bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leveraging Remote Sensing for Exploring Climatic and Hydro‐Geomorphic Linkages to Flooding: A Case of Bagmati River in Central Nepal
Authors: Lamichhane Suraj , Karki Nischal , Pandey Vishnu Prasad , Joshi Pradhumna , Dawadi Sarita 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTRivers are dynamic systems that evolve in response to different geologic, hydrologic, climatic, and anthropogenic factors. This study utilized over three decades of remote sensing imagery to quantify river planform dynamics of the Bagmati River in central Nepal. It maps the spatiotemporal changes in the active river channel extent and lateral migration rates from 1990 to 2022, revealing an alarming decline in total river channel area by about 65% as compared to the historic extent. Lateral migration rates of the river channel varied significantly along the reach ranging between 2 and 40 m per year (m/yr). Intra‐annual analysis of the erosion and accretion areas from river masks before and after the monsoon season revealed a stronger correlation between peak annual flow and accretion area in the study reach. Further exploration of a flood event in July 2019 using Sentinel‐1 radar imagery revealed that the inundated area followed the historic channel extent, and multi‐day precipitation event had a major contribution to triggering floods in the Bagmati. This study highlights the invaluable role of satellite remote sensing in studying river planform dynamics, which helps devise informed approaches for flood mitigation, erosion control, and myriads of other crucial endeavours to safeguard the population in the vicinity.
Boosting C3H8 Oxidation at Low Temperature Over a Highly Dispersed Ir/TiO2 Catalyst
Authors: Camposeco Roberto , Zanella Rodolfo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIridium (Ir) nanoparticles with loadings of 0.6, 1.2, 1.8, and 3 wt % were supported on TiO2 in the anatase phase by the deposition–precipitation with urea (DPU) method and were evaluated as catalysts for the thorough oxidation of propane (C3H8). Ir/TiO2 was active in the total oxidation of C3H8 at low temperatures (150–300 °C). The C3H8 oxidation reaction rate and turnover frequency values were improved with increasing iridium loadings until 1.8 wt %, featuring the following order: 1.8Ir/TiO2 > 3Ir/TiO2 > 1.2Ir/TiO2 > 0.6Ir/TiO2 > TiO2. HAADF–STEM exhibited that iridium was spread over the TiO2 anatase surface, displaying average particle sizes ranging from 1.6 to 1.9 nm. XPS analysis revealed a mixture of Ir0/Ir2+ species deposited on the TiO2 surface, and their ratio was dependent on the treatment gas (air or hydrogen). Pyridine thermo‐desorption revealed high Lewis acidity, which increased with higher iridium loadings, showing different behavior patterns in the thoroughly oxidized C3H8. Characterization of the Ir/TiO2 catalysts conducted by in situ DRIFTS tests unveiled the presence of acetone and aldehyde species as the main reaction intermediates when the samples were treated under hydrogen conditions. Additional ex situ characterizations such as H2‐TPR, BET, and XRD were also carried out and discussed.
Synthetic, Structural, Magnetic, and Electrochemical Studies of Mono‐ and Dinuclear Copper Bulky Aryl Phosphate Complexes
Authors: Prapakaran Tulasi , Murugavel Ramaswamy 
Published: December 2024

AbstractStericallyencumbered 2,6‐di‐tert‐butyl phenyl phosphate (dtbppH2) has been employed to synthesize mononuclear and dinuclear complexes, [Cu(bpy) (dtbppH)2(dtbppH2)]·2MeOH (1) and [Cu(phen)(dtbppH)(NO3)]2·2MeOH (2), respectively. Both compounds have been characterized using analytical and spectroscopic methods, including EPR spectral and magnetic measurements. Complexes 1 and 2 revealed weak antiferromagnetic interactions due to intermolecular interactions in the lattice and intradimeric exchange interactions mediated by the O─P─O phosphate bridges, respectively. Complex 1 exhibited an EPR spectrum with hyperfine splitting, while complex 2 exhibited a triplet spectrum. The electrocatalytic activity of 1 and 2 adsorbed on glassy carbon electrodes has been explored for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in PBS.
Quantitative Measurement of Interfacial Adhesion of CVD Grown Bilayer WS2 on Various Substrates
Authors: Chandran Yadu , Moya Juan , Ye Zhijiang , Gosvami Nitya Nand , Balakrishnan Viswanath 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe interfacial adhesion between transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and the growth substrate significantly influences the employment of flakes in various applications. Most previous studies have focused on MoS2 and graphene, particularly their interaction with SiO2/Si substrates. In this work, the adhesion strength of CVD‐grown bilayer WS2 is directly measured using the nano scratch technique on three different substrates—Sapphire, SiO2/Si, and fused quartz. The scratch test is performed using a Berkovich tip of ≈100 nm radius, mounted to a 2D transducer, capable of measuring normal and lateral forces simultaneously. The critical load is calculated from the Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) images. The critical load for delamination is lowest for the Sapphire substrate (10 µN) and highest for the SiO2/Si substrate (29 µN). MD simulation has also been performed, and the results agree with experimental observations. The pull‐off force, an essential indicator for the easy removal and transfer of 2D materials, shows the least pull‐off force of 2.56 nN for WS2 on sapphire and the highest, 2.83 nN, for WS2 on SiO2/Si.
Higher Tumor/Organ Accumulation Ratio of Porous Dual Infinite Coordination Polymer Nanocomposites for Efficient Tumor Photothermal‐Starvation‐Dual Hypoxia Chemo Synergistic Therapy
Authors: Luo Siyuan , Zhao Chenyu , Wang Rong , Chang Zepu , Di Jingran , Wang Ya , Gan Zhenhai , Wu Daocheng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTo enhance tumor comprehensive therapeutic effect of nanomedicines, an efficient strategy that integrates polydopamine and IR780 photothermal therapy, glucose oxidase (GOx) starvation therapy, Banoxantrone (AQ4N) and Tirapazamine (TPZ) dual hypoxia chemotherapy is developed in chronological order. Higher tumor accumulation of porous dual infinite coordination polymer nanocomposites are designed and prepared to implement this strategy, in which fluorescent dye IR780 doped hypoxic prodrugs AQ4N and TPZ coordinated with Cu(II) as the core, this core is encapsulated by GOx‐loaded porous polydopamine coordinated with Fe(III) (Fe‐MPDA). These nanocomposites exhibit a particle dimension of 118.5 ± 21.7 nm with pore size of 20.1 nm (pore volume 0.012 cm3 g−1 nm−1), facilitating easy accumulation in tumor tissues. Particularly, their ratio of the area under the curve (AUC) of the tumor/organ drug concentration versus time (AUCtumor/AUCorgans) is 1.28. Upon reaching the tumor, the nanocomposites release GOx and Fe‐MPDA in initial stage to execute photothermal and starvation therapy, simultaneously enhance the hypoxic level at the tumor site. Then AQ4N and TPZ undergo synergistic chemotherapy in the enhanced hypoxic environment. Animal experiments show a tumor inhibition rate of 100% and a tumor recurrence rate of 0% after 60 d, demonstrating their great potential application for tumor treatment.
Evaluation of Nickel Cobalt Tungstate Nanocomposites and Their Potential Photocatalytic Studies Using Acid Green and Acid Red Dyes
Authors: Sengodan Prabhu , Ravichandran Siranjeevi , Ravichandran Susmitha , Saravanan Anbalagan , Vickram Sundaram 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTNickel cobalt tungstate (Ni(1‐X)CoXWO4) nanocomposites with varying amounts of cobalt (X = 0.0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 1.0) are the focus of this investigation into photocatalytic effectiveness. Finding ways to improve these nanocomposites for use in photocatalysis is the primary goal of the study. Several methods were used to analyze the nanocomposites, such as field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), x‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), UV‐Vis, x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman spectroscopy. Using nanocomposites of nickel cobalt tungstate (Ni(1‐X)CoXWO4), the adsorption and photodegradation of acid red (AR) and acid green (AG) from a solution including water were accomplished with success. When exposed to visible light, the nickel cobalt tungstate nanocomposite shows increased rates of adsorption and photodegradation compared to its behavior when no light is present. With an impressive rate of 89.54% AG removal and 87.16% AR removal in less than 60 min, the compound nickel cobalt tungstate showed great potential. When it comes to fighting AG and AR in visible light, photodegradation outperforms adsorption. This work presents a unique approach to evaluating the photocatalytic performance of nickel cobalt tungstate (Ni(1‐X)CoXWO4) nanocomposites with varying amounts of cobalt. The results may shed light on how to improve these materials for use in energy and environmental protection. Contributing important information for the creation of more efficient and personalized photocatalytic materials, the research analyzes the influence of cobalt content on photocatalytic performance in a novel way.
Advancements in Bioremediation: Harnessing Nanomaterials and Microorganisms for Environmental Restoration by Degradation of Pollutants
Authors: Hasan Azimul , Elumalai Anand , Kumar Arun 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBioremediation is a diverse process of utilizing living organisms, such as microorganisms, plants, or enzymes, to remove or neutralize contaminants from soil, water, or air. It is a sustainable and ecofriendly proposal to clean up polluted sites and restore ecosystem health. Bioremediation has emerged as a promising approach to address the natural capabilities of microorganisms (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Trichoderma spp.) and plants to remove or degrade a wide range of pollutants, including heavy metals (HMs) and organic contaminants. Advancements in this field have led to innovative techniques, such as nanobioremediation, which leverage nanofillers’ unique properties to enhance pollutant removal efficiency by using nanoparticles synthesized by microorganisms and plants. Microorganisms play a crucial role in bioremediation, with various species capable of degrading or sequestering a wide range of pollutants. Integrating microbial interactions and nanoparticle‐based technologies has further expanded bioremediation capabilities, allowing for the targeted and effective removal of even the most recalcitrant contaminants. This study provides an overview of the current state of bioremediation, highlighting the advancements in nanobioremediation, the role of microbes in pollutant degradation, and the impact of HMs and pollutants on human health. The article focuses on the advancements of bioremediation, specifically, nanobioremediation, in enhancing pollutant degradation. This study is the application of nanomaterials synthesized by microorganisms and plants to enhance efficiency in pollutant removal in the environmental restoration process.
Tolerance and Biodegradation of High Concentration of Phenol by a Bacterial Consortium Enriched From the Hurricane Ida Sediment
Authors: Hebert Ivy , Wayment Darcey , Raje Himanshu , Boopathy Raj 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to measure the efficiency of a bacterial consortium's ability to degrade high concentrations of phenol. The consortium was obtained from sediment that was deposited on the residential properties in southeastern Louisiana after Hurricane Ida in August 2021. A bacterial consortium was developed through an enrichment technique that used phenol as the sole carbon source. Phenol degradation followed a concentration gradient. The consortium was able to remove more than 95% of phenol within 14 days when the phenol concentration was 100 mg/L. However, phenol degradation efficiency decreased when the phenol concentration was increased in the culture medium. The consortium removed 30% of phenol at the highest concentration tested, 1000 mg/L, within 14 days. However, when the incubation time was extended to 70 days, 98% phenol removal was observed in the highest concentration of phenol tested of 1000 mg/L. The consortium was dominated by three distinct phyla and nine distinct genera. The dominant phylum was represented by proteobacteria, and the dominant genus in the consortium was Shigella. The consortium removed phenol via the β‐ketoadipate pathway with the production of the following metabolites: cis, cis‐muconic acid, succinate, and fumarate. The novelty of this study was the high tolerance of phenol concentration of 1000 mg/L by the bacterial consortium and its ability to degrade phenol without a lag phase. This is one of the highest phenol concentrations reported in the literature. This consortium may be useful in the removal of high concentrations of phenol from the environment.
Discovery and clinical translation of ceperognastat, an O‐GlcNAcase (OGA) inhibitor, for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Kielbasa William , Goldsmith Paul , Donnelly Kevin B. , Nuthall Hugh N. , Shcherbinin Sergey , Fleisher Adam S. , Hendle Jörg , DuBois Susan L. , Lowe Stephen L. , Zhang Feiyu Fred , Woerly Eric M. , Dreyfus Nicolas J.‐F. , Evans David , Gilmore Jeremy , Mancini Michele , Constantinescu Cristian C. , Gunn Roger N. , Russell David S. , Collins Emily C. , Brys Miroslaw , Hutton Michael L. , Mergott Dustin J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe aggregation and spread of hyperphosphorylated, pathological tau in the human brain is hypothesized to play a key role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) as well as other neurogenerative tauopathies. O‐GlcNAcylation, an important post‐translational modification of tau and many other proteins, is significantly decreased in brain tissue of AD patients relative to healthy controls. Increased tau O‐GlcNAcylation has been shown to reduce tau pathology in mouse in vivo tauopathy models. O‐GlcNAcase (OGA) catalyzes the removal of O‐GlcNAc from tau thereby driving interest in OGA inhibition as a potential therapeutic approach to reduce tau pathology and slow the progression of AD.METHODSA multidisciplinary approach was used to identify ceperognastat (LY3372689) as a potent OGA inhibitor, including an extensive discovery effort with synthetic chemistry, structure‐based drug design, and in vivo OGA enzyme occupancy studies. Preclinical studies assessed the target engagement, inhibition of OGA enzyme activity, OGA enzyme occupancy, and changes in tau O‐GlcNAc. Four clinical Phase 1 studies of ceperognastat in healthy participants were performed to assess clinical safety and tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and enzyme occupancy.RESULTSCeperognastat is a potent, central nervous system (CNS)‐penetrant, low‐dose inhibitor of OGA, which can achieve > 95% OGA enzyme occupancy in animal and human brain. Overall, ceperognastat had an acceptable safety profile in Phase 1 clinical studies with no serious adverse events reported following single and multiple dosing. The PK, enzyme occupancy, and safety profile supported Phase 2 development of ceperognastat.DISCUSSIONCeperognastat is an orally available, highly potent, CNS‐penetrant OGA inhibitor that achieved high (> 80%) OGA enzyme occupancy and increased brain O‐GlcNAc‐tau preclinically. Ceperognastat demonstrated > 95% OGA enzyme occupancy in Phase 1 trials. These occupancy data informed the dose selection for the Phase 2 clinical program.Highlights
Ceperognastat is a highly potent, CNS‐penetrant OGA inhibitor.
Ceperognastat is both orally available and CNS‐penetrant even when given at low doses.
Ceperognastat can achieve > 95% OGA enzyme occupancy in the animal and human brain.
Ceperognastat had an acceptable safety profile in Phase 1 clinical studies.
Does a Restrictive Diagnostic Work‐up for Thyroid Nodules Lead to a Different Papillary Thyroid Cancer Patient Population? A Comparison Between Dutch and U.S. T1‐T3 Patient Population
Authors: ten Hoor Maaike B. C. , Lin Jia F. , Metman Madelon J. H. , Rodriguez Schaap Pedro M. , Links Thera P. , Altena Renske , van Ginhoven Tessa M. , Zandee Wouter T. , Engelsman Anton F. , Kruijff Schelto 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe 2015 American Thyroid Association guidelines recommend de‐escalating surgical treatment for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). We hypothesize that the Dutch PTC population might differ due to a restrictive diagnostic policy that mainly selects symptomatic and palpable thyroid nodules for further diagnostics, potentially selecting relatively more aggressive tumors. We aimed to describe the Dutch PTC population because differences in populations can have consequences for the adoption of foreign guidelines.MethodsFrom the Dutch national cancer registry, patients diagnosed with pT1–T3 PTC between 2005 and 2015 were included. Baseline characteristics, disease‐free interval, and overall survival were compared between low‐risk and non‐low risk PTC. Furthermore, the TNM stage of the Dutch and U.S. cohorts were compared via literature search.ResultsOf the 3368 pT1‐T3 patients included, 1813 (53.8%) had a low‐risk PTC, and 1555 (46.2%) had a non‐low‐risk PTC. In the Dutch PTC population, pT1 tumors occurred in 45.8%, pT2 and pT3 tumors occurred in 34.9% and 19.3% of the patients, respectively. Of all patients, 10.2% had central lymph node metastases and 16.6% had lateral lymph node metastasis. Distant metastasis only occurred in 18 (0.5%) of the patients. The 10‐year overall survival was 89.6%, with rates of 91.6% for low‐risk and 87.3% for non‐low‐risk patients (p = < 0.001). During the follow‐up period, 257 patients (7.6%) had a recurrence.DiscussionThe higher frequency of advanced tumors among the Dutch PTC population in contrast to the U.S. emphasizes the need for careful national data analyses before the adoption of surgical intervention de‐escalation protocols from other countries.
Reality of Zuckerkandl tubercle and relationship with other anatomical variations
Authors: Unlu Mehmet Taner , Aygun Nurcihan , Ektiren Mehmet , Caliskan Ozan , Sengul Zerin , Kostek Mehmet , Adnan Isgor , Uludag Mehmet 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAimThe tubercle of Zuckerkandl (TZ) is considered to be the fusion point of the ultimabranchial body and the median thyroid body. We aimed to evaluate the frequency of TZ and its relationship with other anatomical variations and recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) paralysis.Material And MethodsData regarding the thyroid lobe and RLN of patients with thyroidectomy between June 2016 and December 2019 were retrospectively evaluated. TZ is classified according to its dimensions as follows: category 0; invisible, category 1; thickening only the lateral to thyroid lobe, category 2; ≤1 cm, and category 3; >1 cm. Categories 2 and 3 were accepted as TZ.ResultsIn 627 patients, 1011 necks and thyroid lobes were evaluated. TZ was found as 58.9% in categories 0 and 1, 18.7% in category 2%, and 22.4% in category 3. In the presence of TZ, the RLN was located posteromedially in 95.2% and laterally in 4.8%. RLN entrapment in the Berry ligament region was significantly higher in categories 2 and 3 compared to category 1 (25.4% vs. 28% vs. 17.3% and p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in RLN paralysis based on the presence and size of TZ or the relationship between RLN and TZ.ConclusionTZ is not rare and can be observed in 41.1% of thyroid lobes. It should be noted that the likelihood of RLN entrapment in the Berry region is higher in categories 2 and 3. Therefore, performing TZ dissection without applying traction to the thyroid lobe and mapping RLN could contribute to better RLN preservation.
The dorsal approach to the middle hepatic vein from the hilar plate in laparoscopic hemihepatectomy (with video)
Authors: Kim Ji Hoon 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlthough laparoscopic hemihepatectomy has gained prominence, one of the critical challenges in this procedure is the approach to the middle hepatic vein (MHV). The MHV, which runs in the midplane of the liver, is situated above the hilar plate and serves as an anatomical landmark in hemihepatectomy. We have introduced dorsal approach to the MHV from the hilar plate in laparoscopic hemihepatectomy under the laparoscopic caudo‐dorsal view.MethodsThe liver parenchyma was divided along the midplane, which was identified as a surface ischemic line caused by selective inflow control of the right or left hemiliver. The MHV is dissected from the main root from the hilar plate toward the peripheral branches. The liver parenchyma was divided from the dorsal toward the ventral side, and the transection plane was tailored according to the particular type of hemihepatectomy.ResultsThis approach was utilized in 28 patients with 9 undergoing right hepatectomy and 19 undergoing left hepatectomy. The median duration of the surgery was 260 min (range, 140–360 min), whereas median estimated blood loss was 80 mL (range, 40–400 mL). One patient (3.6%) has experienced postoperative major complications. The median length of postoperative hospitalization was 7 days (range, 5–20 days).ConclusionIn conclusion, the dorsal approach to the MHV from the hilar plate in laparoscopic hemihepatectomy represents a significant advancement in the surgical technique. This approach offers enhanced visualization and precise dissection, which are critical for minimizing complications and improving surgical outcomes.
Mathematical and physical aspects of the solution to the Cauchy problem for a nonlocal model of viscoelasticity
Authors: Gawinecki Jerzy August Piotr , Rafa Józef , Łazuka Jarosław 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to present a new system of equations describing a nonlocal model of viscoelasticity theory. In order to obtain the model we used a new approach to the constitutive relations for the internal energy and stress tensor. Using the modified Cagniard‐de Hoop method we constructed the fundamental solution to this system of equations in the three‐dimensional space. Basing on the derived fundamental solutions, explicit formulae for the solution to the Cauchy problem for this system of equations were presented. For the obtained solution, its mechanical and mathematical aspects and properties have been analyzed for the considered viscoelastic medium.
Future Cities and Their Transitions Ahead
Authors: Moglia Magnus , Frantzeskaki Niki , Newton Peter , Pineda Pinto Melissa , Prasad Deo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractChange is needed in how cities are designed, built, and managed to meet the grand challenges of the twenty-first century. In this book, we invited authors to report on their visions for cities, using a missions-oriented perspective on transformative innovations that support more liveable, sustainable, resilient, inclusive, and just futures. The resulting chapters have proposed a set of distinctive missions, providing what we think can provide the primary focus for future urban research and sustainability efforts. However, the chapters provide a mosaic rather than a single unified vision. To weave them together, this introductory chapter provides a conceptual framework for connecting and operationalising the mission-oriented approach for urban development research as a nexus of imaginaries, missions, pathways, and transformative urban innovations. This allows for orienting and bringing together contributions that represent a forward-looking collection for missions to guide and inform future city-making. In this chapter, we identify the pathways, game changers, and positive tipping points that can reshape future cities. This requires conceiving and activating multiple mission-scale programmes of intervention capable of step-change urban transitions.