bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth of Falcataria moluccana and Albizia chinensis seedling under aluminum exposure
Authors: Salim Mohammad Agus , SETYANINGSIH LULUK , WAHYUDI IMAM , BUDI SRI WILARSO 
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Salim MA, Setyaningsih L, Wahyudi I, Budi SW. 2021. Growth of Falcataria moluccana and Albizia chinensis seedling under aluminum exposure. Biodiversitas 22: 3693-3701. Aluminum (Al) is an element found in acid soils and is one of the limiting factors for plant growth. This study aims to examine the growth of Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes and Albizia chinensis (Osbeck) Merr seedlings under exposure of aluminum. This study used an one-factor completely randomized design (Al concentration) consisting of 5 levels, namely 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 mM. Each treatment was repeated 3 times and each replication consisted of 3 plant units. The results showed that the Al exposure treatment gave significant differences in the growth of height, root length, dry weight (root, shoot, and total) of F. moluccana and A. chinensis seedlings. The 2 mM Al concentration stimulated the growth of height, root length and dry weight (root, shoot, and total) of A. chinensis seedlings. The tolerance index for F. moluccana and A. chinensis seedlings was highest when the Al 2 mM concentration was 147.55% and 115.32%, respectively. 2 mM Al exposure treatment increased the chlorophyll content a, b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids of F. moluccana and A. chinensis seedlings. Al exposure treatment did not significantly differ from the rate of photosynthesis and MDA content in F. moluccana and A. chinensis seedlings. The Al content in the roots was higher than in the shoots, and the increase in Al concentration increased the Al content in the roots and shoots of F. moluccana and A. chinensis seedlings.
A salt tolerant Sphingosinicella microcystinivorans A3 isolated from soil contaminated with mercury in traditional gold mining of Jendi Village, Wonogiri District, Indonesia
Authors: SUTAMI Sutami , PURWANTO Purwanto , Rosariastuti Retno 
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Sutami, Purwanto, Rosariastuti R. 2021. A salt tolerant Sphingosinicella microcystinivorans A3 isolated from soil contaminated with mercury in traditional gold mining of Jendi Village, Wonogiri District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3785-3791. Isolation and characterization of indigenous bacteria from the soil of traditional gold mining contaminated with mercury is the first step in a series of research to explore and utilize indigenous bacteria in Jendi's area. This study was aimed to determine the characteristics and identity of bacterial isolates from soil of traditional gold mining in Jendi Village, Wonogiri contaminated by mercury. The methods used in this study included bacterial isolation, media preparation, phenotypic identification including; morphological and physiological tests and genotyping tests. The results showed that the bacterial isolate A3 grew optimally in media with the addition of 10% NaCl, at a temperature of 27°C, and pH 9. There were negative reactions to the observations of gram staining, acid production from glucose, indole production, catalase and urease, and positive reactions to oxidation. A neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that the A3 strain was closely related to Sphingosinicella microcystinivorans strain Y2T (JCM 13185T) with 100% Query coverage and a maximum identity of 99.56%.
Diversity of endophytic bacteria and microfungi in Syzygium cumini fruit from West Java, Indonesia
Authors: INDRAWATI IDA , ROSSIANA NIA , Fathurrohim Muhammad Faizal 
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Rossiana N, Fathurrohim MF, Indrawati I. 2021. Diversity of endophytic bacteria and microfungi in Syzygium cumini fruit from West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3943-3948. Syzygium cumini L. Skells is a native evergreen tropical tree in Southeast Asia belong to the Myrtaceae family, known as the Java plum, jambul, jambolan, jamblang, or jamun. The bacterial and fungal endophytes associated with fruit have not been determined and functionally characterized. The endophytic microbes live inside the surface-sterilized fruits and have no visibly harmful effects on the plants. The purposes of the study were to isolate, characterize, and determine the diversity of endophytic bacteria and fungi in S. cumini fruit. The endophytes from S. cumini fruit were observed morphologically for identification. The result of isolation and identification showed there are four bacterial isolate endophytes (B. cereus, B. subtilis, B. megaterium, and Bacillus sp.) and four fungal endophytes (Candida guilliermondii, Penicillium sp., Mycelia sterilia, and Aspergillus sp.) isolated from S. cumini fruit.

Keywords:Biodiversity, Bacterial endophyte, Fungi endophyte, Jamblang
Laser-detected magnetic resonance spectra dressed by a radio-frequency field
Authors: Liang Zhi , Geng Xu-xing , Qi Pan-li , Jin Kai , Yang Guo-qing , Li Gao-xiang , Huang Guang-ming 
Published: September 2021

We theoretically and experimentally investigate the laser-detected magnetic resonance spectra dressed by a radio-frequency magnetic field in F
g
= 4 of D1 line of cesium atoms. The analytical expression of the transmission spectrum for magnetic resonance dressed by a radio-frequency magnetic field is derived and has substantial agreement with the transmission spectra observed in the experiment. The theoretical prediction of the ratio of the amplitudes of the two sidebands with the detuning is basically consistent with the experimental data, which confirms the validity of the analytical expression. The separation between the two sidebands under resonance shows a highly linear proportion to the amplitude of the dressing field, which may provide a useful scheme for the measurement of radio-frequency magnetic field and magnetic imaging.
Attitudes of legal guardians and legally supervised persons with and without previous research experience towards participation in research projects: A quantitative cross-sectional study
Authors: Brune Cedric , Stentzel Ulrike , Hoffmann Wolfgang , van den Berg Neeltje 
Published: September 2021

Background
Vulnerable groups, e.g. persons with mental illness, neurological deficits or dementia, are often excluded as participants from research projects because obtaining informed consent can be difficult and tedious. This may have the consequence that vulnerable groups benefit less from medical progress. Vulnerable persons are often supported by a legal guardian in one or more demands of their daily life. We examined the attitudes of legal guardians and legally supervised persons towards medical research and the conditions and motivations to participate in studies.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study with standardized surveys of legal guardians and legally supervised persons. Two separate questionnaires were developed for the legal guardians and the supervised persons to asses previous experiences with research projects and the reasons for participation or non-participation. The legal guardians were recruited through various guardianship organizations. The supervised persons were recruited through their legal guardian and from a previous study among psychiatric patients. The data were analysed descriptively.

Results
Alltogether, 82 legal guardians and 20 legally supervised persons could be recruited. Thereof 13 legal guardians (15.6%) and 13 legally supervised persons (65.0%) had previous experience with research projects. The majority of the guardians with experience in research projects had consented the participation of their supervised persons (n = 12 guardians, 60.0%; in total n = 16 approvals). The possible burden on the participating person was given as the most frequent reason not to participate both by the guardians (n = 44, 54.4%) and by the supervised persons (n = 3, 30.0%). The most frequent motivation to provide consent to participate in a research study was the desire to help other patients by gaining new scientific knowledge (guardians: n = 125, 78.1%; supervised persons: n = 10, 66.6%).

Conclusions
Overall, an open attitude towards medical research can be observed both among legal guardians and supervised persons. Perceived risks and no sense recognized in the study are reasons for not participating in medical research projects.
Stakeholder perceptions and strategies for management of non-native freshwater fishes of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
Authors: Kiruba-Sankar R. , Praveenraj J. , Saravanan K. , Kumar K. Lohith , Haridas H. , Biswas U. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This article examines the non-native fishes in the freshwater bodies of Andaman and Nicobar Islands with a focus on understanding the perception of stakeholders towards providing management solutions. A total of 56 freshwater fish species were reported from Andaman and Nicobar Islands of which 23 species were non-native to the Islands introduced either accidentally or deliberately. Among the 23 fishes introduced, 13 species were found to be transplanted from Indian waters into the Islands and 10 species were non-native to Indian waters. Mosquito Fish (Gambusia affinis), Mozambique Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus), Silver Barb (Barbonymus gonionotus), Red Bellied Pacu (Piaractus brachypomus), and Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) are some of the important invasive species found here. Stakeholder perception studies were undertaken through semi-structured questionnaire and five point likert scale questions. The respondents (N=133) were classified into two groups as a) Fish farmers and b) Research/development personnel. Multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that the profession of the respondents significantly influenced the awareness about the non-native fishes (p&lt;0.001). Fish farmers (4.04±0.04) and Research/development (4.47±0.21) respondents mutually agreed on the need for awareness and education on the issue of non-native fishes (p&lt;0.01). A management framework is suggested to address the issue of non-native fishes towards effective planning, conservation and management of the fragile Island ecosystems.
Biomechanical aspects of the initial stability of instrumental fixation in the treatment of subaxial cervical dislocations: an experimental study
Authors: Lastevsky A. D. , Popelyukh A. I. , Veselov S. V. , Bataev V. A. , Rerikh V. V. 
Published: September 2021

Objective. To study the influence of thoracic inlet angle (TIA) and the fracture of the articular process on the initial strength of the fixation of the spinal segment during its anterior and circular instrumental surgical stabilization in an experiment on a model of the lower cervical spinal segment.Material and Methods. The material of the study was assembled models of C6–C7 spinal segments made using addictive technologies by 3D printing. After preliminary instrumentation, spinal segments were installed on the stand testing machine using specially manufactured equipment. A metered axial load simulating the native one was applied along the axis of the parameters SVA COG–C7 and C2–C7 SVA, which values were close to the value of 20 mm, at a rate of 1 mm/min until the shear strain was reached. The system’s resistance to displacement was measured, and the resulting load was evaluated. Four study groups were formed depending on the modeling of the T1 slope parameter, the integrity of the facets, and the type of instrumentation. Three tests were conducted in each group. The graphical curves were analyzed, and the values of the parameters of the neutral and elastic zones, the yield point, time to yield point, and the value of the applied load for the implementation of shear displacement were recorded. The data were subjected to comparative analysis.Results. In Group 1, anterior shear displacement of the C6 vertebra could not be induced in all series. In groups 2, 3, and 4 a shear displacement of ≥4 mm was noted in all series. In Group 3 where a fracture of the articular process was additionally modeled, the average value of the yield point was 423.5 ± 46.8 N. Elastic zone, the time to the onset of the yield point, the time at the end point or at a shear of C6 ≥4 mm did not differ significantly. In Group 4, a translational displacement of ≥4 mm was observed, though the average yield point was 1536.0 ± 40.0 N.Conclusion. The direction of the load applied to the fixed spinal segment, as well as the presence of damage to the articular processes, play a crucial role in maintaining resistance to shear deformation of the spinal segment during its instrumental stabilization. At high values of TIA (T1 slope) and the presence of fractures of the articular processes, the isolated anterior stabilization is less effective, circular fixation of 360° under these conditions gives a high initial stability to the spinal segment.
Radiofrequency ablation of the basivertebral nerve in the treatment of chronic low back pain: analysis of a small clinical series
Authors: Fishchenko Ia. V. , Garmish A. R. , Kravchuk L. D. , Saponenko A. I. 
Published: September 2021

Objective. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation of the basivertebral nerve in the treatment of chronic low back pain associated with Modic I and II changes according to MRI data.Material and Methods. The results of treatment of 19 patients with chronic low back pain syndrome in the lower back lasting 6 months or more were analyzed. Patients were treated with radiofrequency ablation of basivertebral nerve.Results. The duration of the manipulation averaged 28.0 ± 4.8 min. In all patients, a decrease in the Oswestry index by an average of 24.3 points (21.7 ± 5.2) was observed at 6 months after ablation of the basivertebral nerve. The intensity of the pain syndrome decreased immediately after the manipulation to 2.1 ± 1.1 cm on average, that is, by 71.2 %. According to the Beck Depression Scale, the patients showed signs of mild depression (subdepression) before the procedure (13.8 ± 3.6 points). When examined after 12 months, the patients showed an improvement in their psychoemotional state up to the normal values (3.4 ± 2.7 points). Subjective assessment of the condition of patients compared with the baseline showed that 16 (84.2 %) of them assessed their condition as a significant improvement with a significant regression of pain by more than 50 % at all stages of follow-up, and two patients (10.5 %) reported only a slight decrease in pain syndrome immediately after the procedure, followed by its resumption to the initial level.Conclusion. Using clear criteria for selection of patients for radiofrequency ablation of the basivertebral nerve, it can be argued that this method is effective in the treatment of chronic low back pain associated with Modic I and II changes according to MRI data. With the help of radiofrequency ablation, it is possible to achieve long-term remission of pain syndrome up to 12 months and more.
Voices of English: language and the construction of religious identity amongst Ismaili Muslims in Pakistan and Tajikistan
Authors: Bolander Brook 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper brings together notions of heteroglossia and religious identity to explore how English becomes indexical of Ismaili distinction in local communities in Pakistan and Tajikistan. Adopting a heteroglossic approach to language provides a perspective which is epistemologically compatible with notions of religion as social, human and interactional, as intricately connected to power, and as both reflecting and being shaped by perspective and positioning. In the paper, I use a “discourse analysis beyond the speech event” approach to engage with data collected during ethnographic fieldwork (qualitative interviews, focus group discussions, fieldnotes) amongst Ismailis in Hunza, northern Pakistan and Khorog, eastern Tajikistan. In analyzing these examples, I attempt to illustrate how ideologies of English become sites for the negotiation of religious distinction.
Multi-frequency quadrifilar helix antennas for cm-accurate GNSS positioning
Authors: Wanninger Lambert , Thiemig Melanie , Frevert Volker 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
For a few years now, GNSS multi-frequency quadrifilar helix antennas (QHA) are available to be used for precise GNSS applications. We performed test measurements with two types of multi-frequency QHA and compared them with a geodetic patch antenna. Although code and carrier phase noise and high-frequent multipath was determined to be larger as compared to the geodetic antenna, the fast-static horizontal coordinate accuracies are on the same level and demonstrate cm-accuracy capability. One of the QHA types exhibited an increased susceptibility to near-field multipath effects which resulted in a degraded accuracy of the vertical coordinate component.
Effect of artificial aging on the tribological properties of an Al-25Zn-1Mg alloy
Authors: Tunay Recai Fatih , Saadi Hayder Isam Abdulzahra Al 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The tribological properties of aluminum based Al-25Zn-1Mg alloy was experimentally investigated in an MSc thesis, and the results are presented in this study. To this purpose, Al-25Zn-1Mg was commercially produced by casting. The prepared samples were divided into seven groups: no-process, solution treatment, and artificial aging for 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours. Aged and untreated samples were subjected to tribological experiments under conditions of dry friction under 5 N and 10 N loads at speed of 200 rpm, 400 rpm and 800 rpm for a distance of 500 m. As a result of the tests, it was found that hardness increases in all samples depending on the aging process. It was also found that when the test speed was kept constant, the coefficient of friction increased with increasing load.
Cationic (Basic) dye complex pigments
Authors: Christie Robert , Abel Adrian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCationic (or basic) dye complex pigments are classical organic pigments obtained from water-soluble cationic dyes for textiles, mainly of triarylmethine (arylcarbonium ion) types, which are precipitated using large inorganic counterions, especially those derived from heteropolyacids such as phosphotungstomolybdic acid or, to a certain extent, using the counteranion derived from copper ferrocyanide. This range of pigments includes red, violet, blue and green products, offering brilliant shades, high color strength and good transparency. They are well suited to printing ink applications, although they provide only moderate levels of fastness properties. The pigments are synthesized by treating aqueous solutions of the dyes under highly controlled conditions with solutions of the heteropolyacids, prepared in situ. The copper ferrocyanide salts are obtained by treatment of potassium ferrocyanide with sodium sulfite in water, and subsequently with solutions of the cationic dye and copper (II) sulfate. The pigments are primarily used in inks for packaging and advertising materials. However, they have little use outside printing inks. Reflex or alkali blue pigments are structurally related cationic dye derivatives which are inner salts of the dye structures and are also used in printing inks.
Obese patients with higher TSH levels had an obvious metabolic improvement after bariatric surgery
Authors: Bian Nannan , Sun Xiaomeng , Zhou Biao , Zhang Lin , Wang Qiu , An Yu , Li Xiaohui , Li Yinhui , Liu Jia , Meng Hua , Wang Guang 
Published: September 2021

Objective
Bariatric surgery has become the most effective treatment for morbid obesity. Increasing evidence showed that bariatric surgery can alleviate insulin resistance and influence thyroid function. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between changes in thyroid function and adipose tissue insulin resistance (adipo-IR) after bariatric surgery.

Methods
A total of 287 non-diabetic participants with regular thyroid function were recruited and divided into the lean, overweight and obese groups. Among them, 50 morbidly obese patients submitted to bariatric surgery.

Results
The obese group had a higher level of adipo-IR, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), FT3/free thyroxine (FT4) and metabolism disorders than the lean and overweight groups. BMI was correlated with TSH, FT3, FT3/FT4 and adipo-IR (r = 0.309, 0.315, 0.322 and 0.651, respectively, all P < 0.001). Adipo-IR was significantly correlated with TSH (r = 0.402, P < 0.001), FT3 (r = 0.309, P < 0.001), and FT3/FT4 (r = 0.228, P < 0.05). Bariatric surgery resulted in a sharp decline in BMI, adipo-IR, TSH, FT3 and FT3/FT4 levels, meanwhile, metabolic disorders improved. The decrease in BMI after bariatric surgery was significantly correlated with reductions in adipo-IR (r = 0.577, P < 0.001) and TSH (r = 0.401, P = 0.005). Interestingly, the fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, adipo-IR and TSH in the higher TSH group decreased more remarkably than in the lower TSH group.

Conclusion
Obese individuals with higher TSH levels had an obvious metabolic improvement after bariatric surgery.
The broad phenotypic spectrum of 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase (CYP17A1) deficiency: a case series
Authors: Sun Min , Mueller Jonathan W , Gilligan Lorna C , Taylor Angela E , Shaheen Fozia , Noczyńska Anna , T’Sjoen Guy , Denvir Louise , Shenoy Savitha , Fulton Piers , Cheetham Timothy D , Gleeson Helena , Rahman Mushtaqur , Krone Nils P , Taylor Norman F , Shackleton Cedric H L , Arlt Wiebke , Idkowiak Jan 
Published: September 2021

Context
17α-Hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency (17OHD) caused by mutations in the CYP17A1 gene is a rare form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia typically characterised by cortisol deficiency, mineralocorticoid excess and sex steroid deficiency.

Objective
To examine the phenotypic spectrum of 17OHD by clinical and biochemical assessment and corresponding in silico and in vitro functional analysis.

Design
Case series.

Patients and results
We assessed eight patients with 17OHD, including four with extreme 17OHD phenotypes: two siblings presented with failure to thrive in early infancy and two with isolated sex steroid deficiency and normal cortisol reserve. Diagnosis was established by mass spectrometry-based urinary steroid profiling and confirmed by genetic CYP17A1 analysis, revealing homozygous and compound heterozygous sequence variants. We found novel (p.Gly111Val, p.Ala398Glu, p.Ile371Thr) and previously described sequence variants (p.Pro409Leu, p.Arg347His, p.Gly436Arg, p.Phe53/54del, p.Tyr60IlefsLys88X). In vitro functional studies employing an overexpression system in HEK293 cells showed that 17,20-lyase activity was invariably decreased while mutant 17α-hydroxylase activity retained up to 14% of WT activity in the two patients with intact cortisol reserve. A ratio of urinary corticosterone over cortisol metabolites reflective of 17α-hydroxylase activity correlated well with clinical phenotype severity.

Conclusion
Our findings illustrate the broad phenotypic spectrum of 17OHD. Isolated sex steroid deficiency with normal stimulated cortisol has not been reported before. Attenuation of 17α-hydroxylase activity is readily detected by urinary steroid profiling and predicts phenotype severity.

Significance statement
Here we report, supported by careful phenotyping, genotyping and functional analysis, a prismatic case series of patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 17α-hydroxylase (CYP17A1) deficiency (17OHD). These range in severity from the abolition of function, presenting in early infancy, and unusually mild with isolated sex steroid deficiency but normal ACTH-stimulated cortisol in adult patients. These findings will guide improved diagnostic detection of CYP17A1 deficiency.