bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of new drug delivery platform based on surface functionalization of black phosphorus nanosheet with a smart polymer for enhancing the efficiency of doxorubicin in the treatment of cancer
Authors: Hashemzadeh Hassan , Raissi Heidar 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe development of drug delivery systems (DDSs) has raised hopes for targeted cancer therapy. Smart polymers can be conjugated with several nanoparticles and increase their efficiency in biomedical applications. In this work, the classical molecular dynamics and well‐tempered metadynamics simulations are performed to study the behavior of black phosphorus (BPH) nanosheet functionalized with polyethylenimine (PEI) in adsorption, diffusion, and release of doxorubicin (DOX) anticancer drug. Adsorption of the drug on PEI‐BPH surface is mainly due to the formation of strong pi–pi interaction between the drug and BPH. The drug‐binding to the nanosheet is enhanced by the intermolecular hydrogen bond that formed between DOX and PEI. The energy values for the interaction of DOX with BPH and PEI are calculated to be about − 180 and − 50 kJ/mol, respectively. The obtained results indicated that the adsorption of the drug molecules on the nanosheet destroyed the hydration layer around the BPH‐PEI surface. The free energy calculation for DDS shows a global minimum in which the distances of DOX from BPH surface and PEI are about 1.0 and 0.5 nm, respectively. Furthermore, the diffusion of DDS into the membrane has a macropinocytosis pathway that is in line with experimental observations. Moreover, it is found that, unlike the isolated DOX, the drug in complex with BPH‐PEI can be easily penetrated membrane cells. The study of the pH‐responsive release of the drug shows the high solubility of the polymer in the water environment plays the main role in swelling of DDS and the release of the DOX molecules.
Response relationship between the abrupt temperature change‐climate warming hiatus and changes in influencing factors in China
Authors: Huang Xing , Ma Long , Liu Tingxi , Sun Bolin , Chen Yang , Qiao Zixu , Liang Longteng 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe mechanism of the abrupt temperature change‐climate warming hiatus is not clear, and understanding the response relationships between it and the influencing factors is significant to the study the mechanism. Based on the annual average temperature (Tave), annual average minimum temperature (Tmin), and annual average maximum temperature (Tmax) of 622 meteorological stations in China from 1951 to 2018, the response relationships between the three temperatures and the influencing factors were analyzed. The results showed that In the periods before, during, and after an abrupt temperature change, For the abrupt changes in the three temperatures, the regions significantly influenced by the solar radiation (SR), AMO, multivariate El Niño southern oscillation (ENSO) index (MEI), and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) accounted for more than 80% of China, and for the abrupt changes in Tmin, the regions with significant influences covered the whole of China. The regions significantly influenced by the AO accounted for more than 60% of China, and the regions significantly influenced by the remaining factors accounted for more than 30% of China. The AO mainly influenced the abrupt temperature change in the northern regions, the AGG and CO2 mainly influenced all the regions except for Northeast China, and the influencing scopes of the atmospheric pressure (AP) were relatively small and not concentrated. In summary, when some conditions continued for a period and a tendency rate or value was reached, abrupt temperature change occurred, and the conditions were as follows: the AGG continued to increase, the PDO was in a positive phase, the AMO and SR continued to rise, the MEI changed abruptly, and the AP in each zone continued to decline/increase and experienced the subsequent trend change. In the periods before, during, and after the climate warming hiatus, few influencing factors had a significant correlation with the temperatures. The MEI and PDO influenced more than 80% of the regions that experienced the climate warming hiatus, and other factors influenced less than 60% of these regions. In the 1990s, especially after 1998, the increase in the AGG slowed, the PDO declined or was in a negative phase, the MEI and SR decreased, and the AP in each zone continued to decline/increase and experienced the subsequent trend change; when those conditions continued for a period and a tendency rate or value was reached, the climate warming hiatus occurred. The abrupt temperature change‐climate warming hiatus was the result of the joint action of multiple influencing factors.
Surgical Margin Determination in the Era of HPV‐Positive Oropharyngeal Cancer
Authors: Pool Christopher , Weaver Taelor , Zhu Junjia , Goldenberg David , Goyal Neerav 
Published: April 2021

Objectives/HypothesisThe goal of head and neck cancer surgery is the complete resection of tumor with a cuff of healthy tissue. A 5‐mm margin is optimal but not always achievable in the oropharynx. We aimed to identify a consensus of definition and management of close margins for human papilloma virus (HPV)‐associated oropharyngeal cancer without other risk factors.Study DesignDescriptive survey.MethodsA survey of the American Head and Neck Society (AHNS) was conducted to evaluate the abovementioned objectives by presenting hypothetical scenarios and asking questions regarding management.ResultsOne‐hundred fifty‐five AHNS members completed the survey (18% response rate). Close margins were defined as <5 mm, <3 mm, and <1 mm by 27.7%, 32.3%, and 32.3% of respondents. There was no significant difference in margin determination with experience level (P = .186). In an HPV‐positive tumor with close margins, 51% chose postoperative observation. The remainder chose adjuvant radiation (22.6%), chemoradiation (1.9%), or re‐excision of the wound bed (19.4%). There was no association between postoperative close margin management and experience level (P = .80).ConclusionHeterogeneity exists in the definition and management of close margins in HPV‐mediated oropharyngeal carcinoma (OPSCC). Establishing a standard regarding close margins in HPV‐mediated OPSCC may allow for the optimization of outcomes and help define best practices.Level of Evidence5 Laryngoscope, 131:E2650–E2654, 2021
Psychometric evaluation of Persian version of the balanced measure of psychological needs scale among university students
Authors: Sharif Nia Hamid , Rahmatpour Pardis , Khoshnavay Fomani Fatemeh , Arslan Gokmen , Kaveh Omolhoda , Pahlevan Sharif Saeed , Kaur Harpaljit 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAimThe purpose of the present study was to evaluate the reliability, validity and factor structure of the Persian version of the BMPN in Iranian university students.DesignCross‐sectional.MethodsStudy was conducted among Iranian medical sciences students from April to May 2020. A total of 660 students participated in the online self‐administrated questionnaire. Construct validity, convergent and divergent validity, and reliability of P‐BMPN were evaluated.ResultsThe Exploratory factor analysis showed that the Persian version of the BMPN has 17 items with four factors: dissatisfaction, autonomy Satisfaction, relatedness satisfaction and competence satisfaction that explained 40.17% of the total variance. Based on confirmatory factor analysis, all goodness‐of‐fit indices confirmed the model fit.ConclusionThese results suggest that the Persian version of the BMPN is a reliable and valid measure to assess satisfaction and dissatisfaction of the psychological needs in Iranian university students.
Combination of human tau and islet amyloid polypeptide exacerbates metabolic dysfunction in transgenic mice
Authors: Wijesekara Nadeeja , Gonçalves Rafaella Araujo , Ahrens Rosemary , Ha Kathy , De Felice Fernanda G , Fraser Paul E 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAmyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyperphosphorylated tau are important contributors to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Tau also impacts pancreatic beta cell function and glucose homeostasis. Amyloid deposits composed of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) are a pathological feature of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The current study investigates the role of human tau (hTau) in combination with human IAPP (hIAPP) as a potential mechanism connecting AD and T2D. Transgenic mice expressing hTau and hIAPP in the absence of murine tau were generated to determine the impact of these pathological factors on glucose metabolism. Co‐expression of hIAPP and hTau resulted in mice with increased hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance, and glucose intolerance. The hTau‐hIAPP mice also exhibited reduced beta cell area, increased amyloid deposition, impaired insulin processing, and reduced insulin content in islets. Tau phosphorylation also increased after stimulation with high glucose. In addition, brain insulin content and signalling were reduced, and tau phosphorylation was increased in these animals. These data support a link between tau and IAPP amyloid, which seems to act co‐ordinately to impair beta cell function and glucose homeostasis, and suggest that the combined pathological actions of these proteins may be a potential mechanism connecting AD and T2D. © 2021 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modelling hereditary diffuse gastric cancer initiation using transgenic mouse‐derived gastric organoids and single‐cell sequencing
Authors: Dixon Katherine , Brew Tom , Farnell David , Godwin Tanis D , Cheung Simon , Chow Christine , Ta Monica , Ho Germain , Bui Minh , Douglas J Maxwell , Campbell Kieran R , El‐Naggar Amal , Kaurah Pardeep , Kalloger Steve E , Lim Howard J , Schaeffer David F , Cochrane Dawn , Guilford Parry , Huntsman David G 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) is a cancer syndrome caused by germline variants in CDH1, the gene encoding the cell–cell adhesion molecule E‐cadherin. Loss of E‐cadherin in cancer is associated with cellular dedifferentiation and poor prognosis, but the mechanisms through which CDH1 loss initiates HDGC are not known. Using single‐cell RNA sequencing, we explored the transcriptional landscape of a murine organoid model of HDGC to characterize the impact of CDH1 loss in early tumourigenesis. Progenitor populations of stratified squamous and simple columnar epithelium, characteristic of the mouse stomach, showed lineage‐specific transcriptional programs. Cdh1 inactivation resulted in shifts along the squamous differentiation trajectory associated with aberrant expression of genes central to gastrointestinal epithelial differentiation. Cytokeratin 7 (CK7), encoded by the differentiation‐dependent gene Krt7, was a specific marker for early neoplastic lesions in CDH1 carriers. Our findings suggest that deregulation of developmental transcriptional programs may precede malignancy in HDGC. © 2021 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sr2MgSi2O7:Eu2+, Dy3+ phosphor‐reinforced wood plastic composites with photoluminescence properties for 3D printing
Authors: Yang Feiwen , Guo Xiaoyu , Zeng Zhihao , Xiao Jialin , Li Hualiu , Luo Ying , Guan Litao , Zheng Wenxu , Zhou Wuyi , Dong Xianming 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCombining wood plastic composites with 3D printing technology can easily manufacture parts with complex shapes and wood colors, but the single function limits their applications. In this research, Sr2MgSi2O7:Eu2+, Dy3+ phosphors/particleboard wood flour/poly (lactic acid) (SMSED/PWF/PLA) photoluminescence composites for 3D printing were successfully manufactured by melt extrusion. The water resistance and chemical structure of SMSED phosphors modified with five different types of silane coupling agents were characterized by water‐resistance test, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction. It was found that 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550) had the best effect on the modification of SMSED phosphors, formed a dense protective film. Afterward, the effect of KH550‐modified SMSED (KH550‐SMSED) phosphors content on the thermo‐mechanical properties of wood plastic composites was studied. The experimental results indicated that the mechanical properties and thermal stability of wood plastic composites were significantly improved, with the incorporation of KH550‐SMSED phosphors. Finally, based on SMSED/PWF/PLA composites and 3D printing technology, a safety warning model that could emit blue light in the dark and a small dinosaur artwork that could swing flexibly were prepared.
Brazilian southeast brown propolis: gas chromatography method development for its volatile oil analysis, its antimicrobial and leishmanicidal activities evaluation
Authors: Ribeiro Victor Pena , Arruda Caroline , Mejía Jennyfer Andrea Aldana , Candido Ana Carolina Bolela Bovo , dos Santos Raquel Alves , Magalhães Lizandra Guidi , Bastos Jairo Kenupp 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIntroductionPropolis is widely used in folk medicine, and many factors can affect its chemical composition, including abiotic factors that can influence plants and bees. Therefore, analytical methods are powerful techniques in the quality control of such products.ObjectiveDevelop and validate an analytical method for quantifying volatile compounds in Brazilian brown propolis, and evaluate its biological activities.MethodsA gas chromatography flame ionisation detector (GC‐FID) analytical method was validated, attending the parameters of international validation guidelines as ANVISA 2017 and ICH 2005, for quantification of compounds present in volatile oils from propolis. Evaluation of cytotoxic, antimicrobial, and leishmanicidal activities of the oil.ResultsThe compounds 1,8‐cineole, terpinen‐4‐ol, α‐copaene, β‐caryophyllene, γ‐muurolene, nerolidol, spathulenol, and γ‐palmitolactone were isolated from the volatile fraction of a Brazilian brown propolis and used in the method validation. All the validation parameters of the method were satisfactory. The volatile fraction displayed a significant leishmanicidal activity, with half maximal inhibition concentration (IC50) = 21.3 μg/mL against amastigote forms and IC50 = 25.1 μg/mL against promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis. The oil also displayed an antibacterial effect by inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus at 25 μg/mL and 50 μg/mL, respectively, but it was not cytotoxic against AGP‐01, He‐La and CHO‐K1cell lines, with IC50 > 100 μg/mL.ConclusionThe GC‐FID method can be a useful tool in the quality control of propolis material. The southeast brown propolis showed a high chemical complexity in its volatile fraction, which displayed leishmanicidal activity and bactericidal activity.
Opioid prescribing and risks among commercially insured women undergoing pelvic organ prolapse repair
Authors: Gressler Laura E. , dosReis Susan , Chughtai Bilal 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPurposeOpioid use after surgical repair for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is intended for short‐term post‐operative pain. This study compared the incidence of opioid prescribing in women undergoing POP transabdominal repair with mesh and transvaginal native tissue repair.MethodsA retrospective cohort of women undergoing POP transabdominal repair with mesh or transvaginal native tissue repair, was derived from a 10% random sample of enrollees from 2007 to 2015 within the IQVIA PharMetrics® Plus Database. Primary outcomes were any prescription of opioids and cumulative days of opioids prescribed in the 14– 180 days following surgical intervention. Inverse probability of treatment weights controlled for observed baseline confounders. Any opioid prescription was estimated using logistic regression and generalized linear regression for cumulative days of opioids prescribed.ResultsThe cohort of 49 052 women who underwent POP surgical repair included 46 813 women with transvaginal native tissue repair and 2239 women with transabdominal repair with mesh. Women with a transabdominal repair with mesh had a 1.19 (95%CI: 1.09–1.31) significantly higher odds of receiving an opioid prescription than women with transvaginal native tissue repair. Post‐operatively, over 29% of women received opioid prescriptions. Mean cumulative days of post‐surgical opioid prescribing was 32.2 (SD = 43.1), and was not statistically different between groups. Thirteen percent of women were prescribed opioids for 90 days or more.ConclusionsWomen undergoing POP with transabdominal mesh are more likely to receive prescriptions for opioids after surgery compared to transvaginal native tissue repair. Treatment plans that address pain while mitigating the risks associated with prolonged opioid prescribing should be employed.
Psychosocial interventions for siblings of children with cancer: A mixed methods systematic review
Authors: Guan Ting , Chapman Mimi V. , Qan'ir Yousef , Song Lixin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis review systematically (1) describes the characteristics of psychosocial interventions for siblings of children with cancer (SCC); (2) assesses the effect of the psychosocial interventions on SCCs' outcomes, and (3) describes SCCs' experiences and perceptions of these interventions.MethodsSeven databases were systematically searched for relevant literature. We included both quantitative and qualitative studies of psychological interventions designed to improve the adjustment of SCCs.ResultsOur database searches yielded 19 publications. We found a range of psychosocial interventions being used among SCCs, with group interventions being the most common. The primary outcomes focused on the SCCs' depression, anxiety, and quality of life. Quantitative studies provided insufficient evidence to draw definitive conclusions about the interventions' effects, whereas the qualitative studies indicated that SCCs can derive benefits from these interventions, including an enhanced sense of belonging and bonding, improved family relationships, increased self‐awareness and confidence, increased cancer knowledge, and decreased somatic symptoms.ConclusionsAlthough a growing number of psychosocial interventions have been developed to improve the adjustment of SCCs, research evidence of the effects of these interventions on SCCs' adjustment remains limited. Future research needs to rigorously evaluate the effects of these interventions.
Evaluation of exploitive potential for higher bioactivity and lower residue risk enantiomer of chiral fungicide pydiflumetofen
Authors: Wang Zhen , Li Rui , Zhang Jing , Liu Shiling , He Zongzhe , Wang Minghua 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDPydiflumetofen, as a new succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) chiral fungicide, has been used in crop production because of its broad‐spectrum and high‐efficiency antifungal activity. However, little is known about pydiflumetofen at the chiral level. The stereoselective bioactivity and degradation of pydiflumetofen enantiomers were therefore investigated.RESULTSPydiflumetofen presented effective bioactivity against the eight tested phytopathogens, and its enantiomers showed significant differences in activity. The bioactivity of R‐pydiflumetofen was 9.0–958.8 times higher than that of the S enantiomer. Treatment with R‐pydiflumetofen increased the cell membrane permeability of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and decreased exopolysaccharide and oxalic acid production more than treatment with S‐pydiflumetofen. Furthermore, R‐pydflumetofen exhibited better inhibitory activity against the succinate dehydrogenase enzyme of S. sclerotiorum than S‐pydiflumetofen by 584‐fold. According to homology modeling and molecular docking studies, the binding affinities of the R and S enantiomers were −7.0 and −5.3 kcal mol−1, respectively. Additionally, the degradation half‐lives of S‐ and R‐pydiflumetofen in three vegetables (cucumber, eggplant, and cowpea) under field conditions were 2.56–3.12 days and 2.48–2.76 days, respectively, which reveals that R‐pydiflumetofen degrades faster than S‐pydiflumetofen.CONCLUSIONBased on the results obtained, R‐pydiflumetofen not only exhibited a higher bactericidal activity, but also posed fewer residual risks in the environment. The mechanism of the stereoselective bioactivity was correlated with the stereoselective inhibition activity of the target enzyme and affected the cell membrane permeability and the production of exopolysaccharide and oxalic acid. This research could provide a foundation for the systematic evaluation of pydiflumetofen from an enantiomeric view. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Pyrethrins elicit olfactory response and spatial repellency in Aedes albopictus
Authors: Yan Ru , Zhou Qiaoling , Xu Zhanyi , Wu Yuyan , Zhu Guonian , Wang Mengcen , Guo Yirong , Dong Ke , Chen Mengli 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDPyrethrum from dry flowers of Chrysanthemum is a well‐known botanical insecticide and repellent. Its insecticidal activity attributes to its six insecticidal esters, collectively known as pyrethrins. Pyrethrins and its synthetic analogs pyrethroids exert their toxic action by modifying the function of voltage‐gated sodium channels. Aside from insecticidal activity, pyrethrum has also been used to repel mosquitoes for centuries. Today, pyrethrum continues to be used as an active ingredient in mosquito coils and other mosquito‐repellent devices globally. However, the mechanism of pyrethrum repellency remains largely unknown.RESULTSHere we report that pyrethrum vapor induced spatial (non‐contact) repellency in Aedes albopictus, a major vector of dengue and West Nile viruses. Using electroantennogram (EAG) recordings from adult antennae, we found that pyrethrum elicited EAG response in a dose‐dependent manner. We then isolated the six insecticidal esters, pyrethrins I and II, cinerins I and II, jasmolins I and II from pyrethrum extract and discovered that five of the six esters, except jasmolin I, all elicited EAG responses. Furthermore, pyrethrins I and II, cinerin II and jasmolin II induced repellency, whereas cinerin I and jasmolin I did not.CONCLUSIONOf the six pyrethrins, four of them, pyrethrins I and II, cinerin II and jasmolin II, activate olfactory‐receptor neurons and elicit spatial repellency in Ae. albopictus. Our study provided a foundation for future structure–function studies of pyrethrins, their cognate olfactory receptors and efficacies of repellency and for the development of new and more effective mosquito repellents for controlling vector‐borne human diseases. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Modulation on the Iron Centers by Selective Synthesis of Organic Ligands with Stereo‐Specific Conformations
Authors: Liu Xinbang , Du Yongping , Peng Xinchen , Wan Xinling , Qian Yinyue , Zhang Yonghao , Ji Qingmin , Kan Erjun , Fuchs Harald , Kong Huihui 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAdvanced fabrication of surface metal–organic complexes with specific coordination configuration and metal centers will facilitate to exploit novel nanomaterials with attractive electronic/magnetic properties. The precise on‐surface synthesis provides an appealing strategy for in situ construction of complex organic ligands from simple precursors autonomously. In this paper, distinct organic ligands with stereo‐specific conformation are separately synthesized through the well‐known dehalogenative coupling. More interestingly, the exo‐bent ligands promote the mono‐iron chelated complexes with the Fe center significantly decoupled from the surface and of high spin, while the endo‐bent ligands lead to bi‐iron chelated ones instead with ferromagnetic properties.