bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenotypes of atrial fibrillation diagnosed before-versus-after ischaemic stroke and TIA: study protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jimenez-Ruiz Amado , Vargas-Gonzalez Juan Camilo , Fridman Sebastian , Sposato Luciano A 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionThe underlying pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation (AF) detected after stroke (AFDAS) is relatively unknown. Preliminary evidence suggests AFDAS has a lower prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities and higher incidence of insular cortex involvement than AF known to exist before stroke occurrence (KAF). This favours a neurogenic AF substrate (autonomic dysregulation) in which the presence of underlying heart disease is not necessary for AF to occur. The main objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to compare the prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities and echocardiographic abnormalities in patients with AFDAS, KAF and no AF (NAF). Secondary objectives are to compare the proportion with insular cortex involvement, stroke recurrence and death in the three rhythm groups.Methods and analysisWe will perform a systematic review including cross-sectional, case–control, cohort studies and clinical trials involving ≥18 years patients, with ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack published between inception and 31 December 2020 in any language, and reporting the proportion of patients with AFDAS, KAF and NAF. We will search PubMed, EMBASE and Scopus by applying predefined search terms. Two reviewers will independently screen titles and abstracts and retrieve full texts, extract data in a predesigned form, and assess the risk of bias. We will perform a meta-analysis of all included studies and we will report the results of the main outcome as proportions. We will report results of secondary outcomes as risk ORs. We will estimate heterogeneity across studies by using t2, Q and I2measures. We will use funnel plots, Rosenthal’s Fail-Safe N and Egger’s regression intercept to assess publication bias.Ethics and disseminationThis study will be based on published data and does therefore not require ethical clearance. The results will be published in peer-reviewed journals.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020202622.
Which older emergency patients are at risk of intracranial bleeding after a fall? A protocol to derive a clinical decision rule for the emergency department
Authors: de Wit Kerstin , Mercuri Mathew , Clayton Natasha , Worster Andrew , Mercier Eric , Emond Marcel , Varner Catherine , McLeod Shelley L , Eagles Debra , Stiell Ian , Barbic David , Morris Judy , Jeanmonod Rebecca , Kagoma Yoan , Shoamanesh Ashkan , Engels Paul T , Sharma Sunjay , Kearon Clive , Papaioannou Alexandra , Parpia Sameer 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionFalling on level ground is now the most common cause of traumatic intracranial bleeding worldwide. Older adults frequently present to the emergency department (ED) after falling. It can be challenging for clinicians to determine who requires brain imaging to rule out traumatic intracranial bleeding, and often head injury decision rules do not apply to older adults who fall. The goal of our study is to derive a clinical decision rule, which will identify older adults who present to the ED after a fall who do not have clinically important intracranial bleeding.Methods and analysisThis is a prospective cohort study enrolling patients aged 65 years or older, who present to the ED of 11 hospitals in Canada and the USA within 48 hours of having a fall. Patients are included if they fall on level ground, off a chair, toilet seat or out of bed. The primary outcome is the diagnosis of clinically important intracranial bleeding within 42 days of the index ED visit. An independent adjudication committee will determine the primary outcome, blinded to all other data. We are collecting data on 17 potential predictor variables. The treating physician completes a study data form at the time of initial assessment, prior to brain imaging. Data extraction is supplemented by an independent, structured electronic medical record review. We will perform binary recursive partitioning using Classification and Regression Trees to derive a clinical decision rule.Ethics and disseminationThe study was initially approved by the Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Committee and subsequently approved by the research ethics boards governing all participating sites. We will disseminate our results by journal publication, presentation at international meetings and social media.Trial registration numberNCT03745755.
Prognostic factor analysis in patients with temporomandibular disorders after reversible treatment: study protocol for a prospective cohort study in China
Authors: Zhang Ling , Shi Wentao , Lu Shenji , Cai Bin , Fan Shuai , Yang Yang , Xu Lili 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionTemporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are complex multifactorial disorders. Reversible treatment has been suggested for the initial management of TMD; however, comparable therapeutic effects of different reversible intervention modalities remain controversial. Various biopsychosocial factors, which may be putative prognostic factors that influence the response to reversible treatment for TMD, have been reported to increase the risk of developing first-onset TMD. However, there is a paucity of research that aims to identify prognostic factors associated with the clinical outcomes of reversible treatment in people with TMD. The objective of this prospective cohort study is to identify prognostic factors that are associated with clinical outcomes of reversible treatment in patients with TMD and to analyse the risk factors that influence the development of chronic TMD.Methods and analysisWe plan to recruit 834 patients with TMD who meet the inclusion criteria. Once informed consent is obtained, baseline data, including anamnestic data, physical assessments and self-report questionnaires, will be collected from participants at their first clinic visit; subsequently, they will receive 1–4 weeks of reversible treatment. The primary treatment outcome measures will be a change in the anterior maximum mouth opening, worsening of TMD pain scores assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and a reduction in characteristic pain intensity. A good outcome will be defined as an anterior maximal opening ≥35 mm and at least a 30% reduction in VAS scores 3 months after baseline. The association between candidate prognostic factors and clinical outcomes of reversible TMD treatment will be analysed.Ethics and disseminationThe protocol has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, based on the guidelines outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki (SH9H-2019-T316-4). The results of this study will be reported in accordance with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology statement. The authors intend to publish the results in a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberChiCTR2000033328.
Micro-phenomenological approach to explore the patient experience during an initial spirometry examination to diagnose COPD in general practice in France
Authors: Bremond Matthieu , Berthelot Anthony , Plantier Laurent , Breton Hervé , Pautrat Maxime 
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesTo explore the patient experience of a spirometry test used to confirm chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) diagnosis in patients with suspected smoking-related COPD.DesignThis is a qualitative study, performed with open interviews in adults following a routine spirometry test to confirm COPD diagnosis. Data were analysed with a phenomenological-inspired micro-phenomenology approach.ParticipantsEligible patients were recruited through their general practitioner, 10 were interviewed.SettingPrimary care in Centre-Val-De-Loire area, France, in 2018.ResultsParticipants reported the spirometry test experience as being unfamiliar but gave meaning to the symptoms they experience. Participants expressed a desire to perform the test well and a willingness to confront their state of health. After the spirometry had been completed and the results announced, participants moved through stages of grief from their pre-spirometry self and symptom perception to a state of acceptance. Overall, participants expressed a narrative of an evolving cognitive and corporeal awareness during this spirometry experience. The verbatim quotes describe a cognitive rupture with their chronic illness usually considered as a ‘way of life’.ConclusionsA spirometry test goes beyond a diagnostic value, providing patients with an opportunity to gain awareness of their own state of health, reframe their breathlessness-related limitations and thus begin to accept the disease. These awareness gains may be considered as small steps towards health behavioural change. Spirometry may have educative potential and support lifestyle changes.
Maternal characteristics associated with gestational weight gain in France: a population-based, nationally representative study
Authors: Amyx Melissa , Zeitlin Jennifer , Hermann Monika , Castetbon Katia , Blondel Béatrice , Le Ray Camille 
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesTo provide nationally representative estimates of gestational weight gain (GWG) and identify maternal characteristics associated with inadequate GWG in France.DesignA population-based study using data from the French National Perinatal Survey: 2010 and 2016.SettingAll maternity units in metropolitan, mainland France (n=535 in 2010; n=493 in 2016).ParticipantsSingleton live births with GWG data (N=24 850).Primary outcome measuresGWG was calculated as end of pregnancy minus pre-pregnancy weight (kg) and categorised as ‘insufficient’, ‘adequate’, or ‘excessive’ using 2009 Institute of Medicine thresholds. Classification accounted for pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2; underweight (<18.5), normal weight (18.5–24.9), overweight (25–29.9), obese (≥30)) and gestational age at birth. We estimated average GWG and the percentage of women in each GWG category. Polytomous logistic regression identified characteristics associated with GWG adequacy.ResultsAverage GWG was 13.0 kg (SD 5.6), with 26.8% of women gaining insufficiently, 37.0% adequately and 36.1% excessively. Among other factors, insufficient GWG was associated with underweight (vs normal weight; adjusted OR (aOR) 1.4, 95% CI 1.2 to 1.5) and obese (aOR 1.5, 95% CI 1.4 to 1.7) BMI. Excessive GWG was associated with overweight (aOR 2.8, 95% CI 2.6 to 3.1) and obese BMI (aOR 3.3, 95% CI 2.9 to 3.6). Examining obesity classes separately, odds of insufficient GWG increased from obesity class I to III, while odds of excessive GWG decreased from obesity class I to III. Primiparity (insufficient: aOR 0.9, 95% CI 0.9 to 1.0; excessive: aOR 1.2, 95% CI 1.2 to 1.3), maternal characteristics indicative of lower socioeconomic status, and continuing or quitting smoking during pregnancy were also associated with inadequate GWG.ConclusionsIn France, insufficient and excessive GWG are common. For optimal outcomes, clinician education, with special attention to the needs of higher risk/vulnerable groups, is needed to ensure all women receive appropriate advice for recommended GWG.
Mixed-methods evaluation of a structured primary care programme for children and adolescents with mental health problems (PrimA-QuO): a study protocol
Authors: Loidl Verena , Decke Siona , Hamacher Karina , Lang Martin , Laub Otto , Marijic Pavo , Murawski Monika , Schwettmann Lars , Grill Eva 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionMore than 17% of German children and adolescents have clinically relevant mental health problems (MHP). Typically, general paediatricians are often the first contact for children with MHP, and referrals to specialised care tend to be the standard approach. A statutory health insurance fund developed a programme for children with MHP (Health Coaching (HC)) aiming to offer targeted but low-threshold services. However, little is known about whether HC has the potential for optimising patient care. The aim of the PrimA-QuO study is to examine the effectiveness and the acceptance, barriers and facilitators of all stakeholders of this structured primary care programme for children affected by the most frequently encountered MHP in paediatric practice.Methods and analysisIn this mixed-methods approach, children (n=800; aged 0–17 years) with MHP meeting all inclusion criteria will be identified in the health insurance database according to International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision diagnoses between 2018 and 2019. The qualitative component uses a series of semistructured interviews with programme developers, paediatricians trained in HC, adolescents with MHP treated according to the programme guidelines and their parents. In addition, a prospective, pragmatic, parallel-group cohort study will be conducted using an online questionnaire to examine the effects of HC on health-related quality of life of affected children and their families as well as on change in MHP. Children treated according to the HC guidelines form the intervention group, whereas all others serve as controls. Primary data from the cohort study are linked to children’s health insurance claims data to calculate the costs of care as proxies for healthcare utilisation. The hypothesis is that HC is an effective and efficient primary care programme with the potential to improve patients’ and their families’ health outcomes.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the Ethical Committee of Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München. Grant number 01VSF16032 (funded by the German Innovationsfonds)
Exploring definitions of radiological sarcopenia in cancer: a protocol for a scoping review
Authors: Wang James Wei , Williams Matthew 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionSarcopenia is the loss of skeletal muscle volume or quality, a concept previously established in age-related frailty. Sarcopenia is part of the cancer cachexia syndrome and has therefore been explored as biomarker through the opportunistic measurement of skeletal muscle from routine cancer imaging. However, there is inconsistency in diagnostic landmarks and cut-offs. The most common assessment method is skeletal muscle area at the slice level of the third lumbar vertebrae divided by height squared. Alternative sarcopenia measures have been derived from morphological descriptions of the psoas, thoracic and cervical muscles, driven by tumour-specific anatomical imaging.Current tumour-site specific reviews suggest a link between heterogeneously defined sarcopenia on tumour site-specific outcomes. Because lack of uniformity, a scoping review is best suited to streamline anatomically based definitions and map the evidence to outcomes. The aim of this article is to describe a protocol for a scoping review that will homogenise the evidence of radiological sarcopenia in cancer. The extent, range and nature of reports will be examined, after which possible titles for potential systematic reviews identified.Methods and analysisWe will apply methods based on the Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review manual. Predefined search terms compiled with a librarian experienced in systematic reviews will be used to search PubMed/Medline, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane databases studies correlating cross-sectional cancer sarcopenia biomarkers with clinical outcomes. Studies will be mapped according to whether they have defined new sarcopenia measures or applied previous definitions to new populations, both with reported outcomes. This review will generate a numerical analysis on the extent of cancer sarcopenia measures as well as a narrative synthesis to describe the applications of radiologically derived sarcopenia in cancer.Ethics and disseminationFormal ethical approval was not required to undertake this scoping review. Findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations.
Psychosocial work factors and blood pressure among 63 800 employees from The Netherlands in the Lifelines Cohort Study
Authors: Faruque Md Omar , Framke Elisabeth , Sørensen Jeppe Karl , Madsen Ida Elisabeth Huitfeldt , Rugulies Reiner , Vonk Judith M , Boezen H Marike , Bültmann Ute 
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesPrevious studies on the association between psychosocial work factors and blood pressure mainly focused on specific occupations or populations and had limited sample sizes. We, therefore, investigated the associations between psychosocial work factors and blood pressure in a large general working population in the Netherlands.MethodsWe included 63 800 employees from the Netherlands, aged 18–65 years, with blood pressure measurements and a reliable job code at baseline. Psychosocial work factors (job strain, effort–reward imbalance (ERI) and emotional demands) in the current job were estimated with three recently developed psychosocial job exposure matrices. To examine the associations, regression analyses adjusted for covariates (age, sex, body mass index, education, monthly income, pack-years, smoking, alcohol consumption and antihypertensive medication (not included for hypertension)) were performed.ResultsHigher job strain was associated with higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) (B (regression coefficients) (95% CI) 2.14 (1.23 to 3.06)) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (B (95% CI) 1.26 (0.65 to 1.86)) and with higher odds of hypertension (OR (95% CI) 1.43 (1.17 to 1.74)). Higher ERI was associated with higher DBP (B (95% CI) 4.37 (3.05 to 5.68)), but not with SBP or hypertension. Higher emotional demands were associated with lower SBP (B (95% CI) −0.90 (−1.14 to −0.66)) and lower odds of hypertension ((OR) (95% CI) 0.91 (0.87 to 0.96)).ConclusionsIn the general working population, employees in jobs with high job strain and ERI have higher blood pressure compared with employees with low job strain and ERI. Emotional demands at work are inversely associated with blood pressure.
Precision studies for Drell–Yan processes at NNLO
Authors: Alekhin S. , Kardos A. , Moch S. , Trócsányi Z. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe present a detailed comparison of the fixed-order predictions computed by four publicly available computer codes for Drell–Yan processes at the LHC and Tevatron colliders. We point out that while there is agreement among the predictions at the next-to-leading order accuracy, the predictions at the next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) differ, whose extent depends on the observable. The sizes of the differences in general are at least similar, sometimes larger than the sizes of the NNLO corrections themselves. We demonstrate that the neglected power corrections by the codes that use global slicing methods for the regularization of double real emissions can be the source of the differences. Depending on the fiducial cuts, those power corrections become linear, hence enhanced as compared to quadratic ones that are considered standard.
NE Greenland Composite Tectono-Sedimentary Element, northern Greenland Sea and Fram Strait
Authors: Fyhn Michael B. W. , Hopper John R. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The NE Greenland margin measures more than 300 km from coast to the continent–ocean transition at its widest part and is in an early state of exploration. It is expected to hold significant petroleum reserves due to a high concentration of large structures and prolific source-rock intervals anticipated in the subsurface. The margin is composed of five tectonic units: (1) the Koldewey Platform; (2) the Danmarkshavn Basin; (3) the Danmarkshavn Ridge; (4) the Thetis Basin; and (5) the Wandel Sea Basin. These units form the NE Greenland Rifted Margin Composite Tectono-Sedimentary Element. Rifting commenced at some time during the Devonian or Carboniferous and recurred during latest Jurassic–Cretaceous time. Major tilted fault blocks and other rift-related structures formed during latest Jurassic–Cretaceous rifting. The structures are typically cored by Triassic–Middle Jurassic sand-prone sequences. Oil-prone Upper Jurassic–lowermost Cretaceous marine source rock caps the structures or is located immediately downdip. A large concentration of structures exists in the eastern Danmarkshavn Basin, the western Thetis Basin and along the edges of the Danmarkshavn Ridge. Other major structures exist in the least data-covered parts of the margin furthest north.
Relicts of Paleoproterozoic LIPs in the Belomorian Province, eastern Fennoscandian Shield: barcode reconstruction for a deeply eroded collisional orogen
Authors: Stepanova Alexandra V. , Stepanov Vladimir S. , Larionov Alexander N. , Salnikova Ekaterina B. , Samsonov Alexander V. , Azimov Pavel , Egorova Svetlana V. , Babarina Irina I. , Larionova Yulia O. , Sukhanova Maria A. , Kervinen Anna V. , Maksimov Oleg A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Geological, geochemical, isotopic and geochronological data for Paleoproterozoic mafic intrusions and dykes indicate that distinct magmatic events dated at
c.
2.50, 2.45, 2.40, 2.30, 2.23 and 2.12 Ga can be distinguished in the Belomorian Province, Eastern Fennoscandian Shield. The similarity of Paleoproterozoic magmatic barcodes for the Belomorian Province and the Karelian Craton in the
c.
2.5–2.1 Ga interval suggests a neighbouring position of these crustal segments in an Archean continent. Intensive tectonic and metamorphic reworking of mafic intrusions and dykes in the Belomorian Province during the
c.
2.0–1.8 Ga Lapland–Kola Orogeny produced differences in mineral assemblages and tectonic position in comparison with the Karelian Craton.
Quantitative In Vivo Analyses Reveal a Complex Pharmacogenomic Landscape in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Chuan , Lin Wen-Yang , Rizvi Hira , Cai Hongchen , McFarland Christopher D. , Rogers Zoe N. , Yousefi Maryam , Winters Ian P. , Rudin Charles M. , Petrov Dmitri A. , Winslow Monte M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

The lack of knowledge about the relationship between tumor genotypes and therapeutic responses remains one of the most critical gaps in enabling the effective use of cancer therapies. Here, we couple a multiplexed and quantitative experimental platform with robust statistical methods to enable pharmacogenomic mapping of lung cancer treatment responses in vivo. The complex map of genotype-specific treatment responses uncovered that over 20% of possible interactions show significant resistance or sensitivity. Known and novel interactions were identified, and one of these interactions, the resistance of KEAP1-mutant lung tumors to platinum therapy, was validated using a large patient response data set. These results highlight the broad impact of tumor suppressor genotype on treatment responses and define a strategy to identify the determinants of precision therapies.

Significance:
An experimental and analytical framework to generate in vivo pharmacogenomic maps that relate tumor genotypes to therapeutic responses reveals a surprisingly complex map of genotype-specific resistance and sensitivity.