bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pour une histoire environnementale « connectée » de la Nouvelle-France1
Authors: Furst Benjamin 
Published: March 2021

Alors que l’histoire environnementale est en plein essor, son application à l’espace-temps de la Nouvelle-France reste rare en dépit de travaux susceptibles de nourrir ce champ. Cet article dresse le bilan des travaux déjà produits sur la période, insérés dans des études diachroniques plus larges ou portant plus précisément sur l’Amérique française et les espaces qui la composent, et dont le récit concerne souvent la confrontation entre les Européens et l’environnement américain et les modalités d’adaptations qui en résultent. Ce récit pourrait être précisé et nuancé en connectant la Nouvelle-France à d’autres espaces : américains, atlantiques ou français. Surtout, une approche environnementale de l’espace français en Amérique permettrait de redéfinir un certain nombre de cadres méthodologiques, spatiaux et chronologiques de l’historiographie coloniale.
Nuclear Choices for the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Wolfson Richard , Dalnoki-Veress Ferenc 
Published: March 2021

An authoritative and unbiased guide to nuclear technology and the controversies that surround it.
Are you for nuclear power or against it? What's the basis of your opinion? Did you know a CT scan gives you some 2 millisieverts of radiation? Do you know how much a millisievert is? Does irradiation make foods safer or less safe? What is the point of a bilateral Russia–US nuclear weapons treaty in a multipolar world? These are nuclear questions that call for nuclear choices, and this book equips citizens to make these choices informed ones. It explains, clearly and accessibly, the basics of nuclear technology and describes the controversies surrounding its use.
The book begins with scientific issues, covering the nature of the atom and its nucleus, nuclear radiation, and nuclear energy. It discusses nuclear power, the operation of nuclear power plants, nuclear accidents, nuclear waste, and alternatives to nuclear energy and considers nuclear weapons: strategies for use and non-use, controlling the spread of these weapons to other countries and terrorist groups, and the prevention of nuclear war. Nuclear Choices for the Twenty-First Century offers readers an authoritative and unbiased guide to difficult questions.
Two predicted models based on ceRNAs and immune cells in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Miaomiao , Zheng Peiyan , Wang Yuan , Sun Baoqing 
Published: March 2021

Background
It is well accepted that both competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) and immune microenvironment exert crucial roles in the tumor prognosis. The present study aimed to find prognostic ceRNAs and immune cells in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

Materials and Methods
More specifically, we explored the associations of crucial ceRNAs with the immune microenvironment. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was employed to obtain expression profiles of ceRNAs and clinical data. CIBERSORT was utilized to quantify the proportion of 22 immune cells in LUAD.

Results
We constructed two cox regression models based on crucial ceRNAs and immune cells to predict prognosis in LUAD. Subsequently, seven ceRNAs and seven immune cells were involved in prognostic models. We validated both predicted models via an independent cohort GSE72094. Interestingly, both predicted models proved that the longer patients were smoking, the higher risk scores would be obtained. We further investigated the relationships between seven genes and immune/stromal scores via the ESTIMATE algorithm. The results indicated that CDC14A and H1F0 expression were significantly related to stromal scores/immune scores in LUAD. Moreover, based on the result of the ceRNA model, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) suggested that differences in immune status were evident between high- and low-risk groups.
The Underlying Causes of Recurrent Pneumonia in Children: A Two-Center Study
Authors: Barakat Amany Nagy , Hussein Mahitab Morsy , Fouda Eman Mahmoud , Zoair Amr Mohamed , El-Razek Ahmed Mohamed Abd 
Published: March 2021

Background: Recurrent pneumonia is a challenge for pediatric pulmonologists. There are limited data on the underlying causes of recurrent pneumonia in children in the developing countries.
Aim: To identify the underlying causes of recurrent pneumonia in children with undiagnosed etiology.
Patients and Methods: The study was conducted in Pulmonology Units, Pediatric Departments Tanta and Ain-Shams Universities Hospitals from 2017 to 2019. Fifty-six cases children with a diagnosis of recurrent pneumonia were included to identify the etiologies. The underlying causes were confirmed in each case according to the clinical features and the diagnostic tests.
Results: Uncontrolled bronchial asthma was the commonest cause of recurrent pneumonia (23.2%), followed by congenital heart diseases (12.5%) and aspiration syndromes (12.5%).
Conclusion: Uncontrolled bronchial asthma was the most common underlying cause of recurrent pneumonia in children, so early diagnosis and proper controller therapy may decrease the risk of occurrence of recurrent pneumonia.
Awareness of Glaucoma in Olorunda Local Government Area, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: Adeoti C. O. , Kuteyi E. A. Abioye , Olomola B. V. , Adejumo O. 
Published: March 2021

Purpose: The commonest type of glaucoma called chronic open angle glaucoma is a silent disease and patients are usually diagnosed late in the disease. Public awareness programs must be actively done to enable a reduction of late detection of the disease and level of awareness must be assessed regularly to appraise the programs. The aim of this study was to assess the level of awareness of the people following the several annual glaucoma week programs we held in the state.
Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done in Osogbo local Government Area (LGA) over six months to assess the awareness of glaucoma following a five-year screening and public health education on glaucoma during the annual World glaucoma week in the state. The interviewer-assisted questionnaire was administered to 279 participants. Obtained data included demography such as age, sex, level of education, occupation, religion, state of origin, knowledge of glaucoma and its treatment, family history of glaucoma and so on.
The data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 21 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Descriptive statistics was used to analyze demographic data, and cross-tabulations with chi-square were used in comparing variables. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05.
Results: Two hundred and seventy-nine people were involved in the study. Many, 192 (68.8%) were aware of glaucoma. Thirty-nine participants (14.0%) had a family history of glaucoma and 63 (22.6%) felt the cause of glaucoma is an act of God. Two hundred and one (72.0%) had tertiary education. Tertiary education was found to be a statistically significant factor associated with glaucoma. Thirty-three (84.6%) of the 39 participants that had a positive family history of glaucoma were aware of glaucoma blindness. Out of participants that claimed to know how to treat glaucoma, eight (5.3%) felt it should be conservatively managed and nothing should be used.
Conclusion: The World glaucoma week has yielded results but more efforts must be put in place to increase awareness and knowledge of the populace on the nature of glaucoma. Tertiary education is an important factor in glaucoma awareness. The government must ensure everyone is educated up to tertiary level. Glaucoma patients and their acquaintances may be used in increasing awareness.
Eggerthellaceae
Authors: Gupta Radhey S. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEg.ger.thel.la.ce'ae. N.L. fem. n.Eggerthellatype genus of the family; suff. ‐aceaeending to denote a family;EggerthellaceaetheEggerthellafamily.Actinobacteria / Coriobacteriia / Eggerthellales / EggerthellaceaeThe family contains the type genusEggerthellaand the following validly published genera:Adlercreutzia, Cryptobacterium, Denitrobacterium, Ellagibacter, Enteroscipio, Gordonibacter,Paraeggerthella, Parvibacter, Rubneribacter,Senegalimassilia, andSlackia. Of these genera, the genusParvibacter,containing the speciesParvibacter caecicola, was recently merged with the genusAdlercreutzia. However, evidence presented indicates thatP. caecicola, which remains a validly published name, is distinct from otherAdlercreutziaspecies and hence is retained within the genusParvibacter. Besides the genera with validly published names, the following effectively published genera “Arabia,” “Hugonella,” “Phoenicibacter,” and “Raoultibacter” are also part of this family. The members are Gram‐positive rods or cocci and asaccharolytic except some species. Most members contain enzymes responsible for hydrolyzing amino acids such as arginine and leucine, and their growth is stimulated in the presence of arginine and some other amino acids. Most members are anaerobic, nonmotile, and do not form spores. The G + C content is in the range of 43.4–66.3% for the known species. The species of this family form a distinct clade in phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and sequences for different datasets of proteins from genomes. Additionally, the members of the familyEggerthellaceae(orderEggerthellales) can be reliably distinguished from members of the orderCoriobacterialesand other bacteria based on molecular signatures consisting of conserved indels (inserts or deletions) identified in >12 proteins described in earlier work and updated here.DNA G + C content (mol%): 43.4–66.3 (for the known species).Type genus:EggerthellaWade et al. 1999VPemend. Würdemann et al. 2009.
Single MEMS Chip Enabling Dual Spectral‐Range Infrared Micro‐Spectrometer with Optimal Detectors
Authors: Salem Abdelrahman M. , Sabry Yasser M. , Fathy Alaa , Khalil Diaa A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPortable spectrometers enable rapid and low‐cost material analysis in a ubiquitous manner by measuring their molecular absorption spectrum. To measure a wide variety of materials, it is essential to have a broad spectral range of operation with acceptable sensitivity. Recently, the miniaturization of Fourier transform infrared spectrometers has been realized using the micro‐electro‐mechanical systems technology. In this work, two identical Michelson interferometers are monolithically integrated on a silicon chip, in a parallel architecture, and their mirrors are driven by a single comb‐drive actuator. The interferometers are fed by a broadband white light and their outputs are coupled to different photodetectors optimally selected for different spectral ranges. This enables an extended wavelength range of operation covering the near‐infrared from 1.4 to 2.6 µm and the mid‐infrared from 2.6 to 4.6 µm, simultaneously. Experimental results are obtained by using multimode optical fibers for light coupling between the components. The signal‐to‐noise ratio is measured and compared to theoretical expectations, showing good agreement. The spectral range of operation of the realized spectrometer is 1.4–4.6 µm (7142–2173 cm‐1) with a spectral resolution of 31.5 cm‐1. Finally, the spectrometer is used to acquire the transmission spectrum of polystyrene thin film and TS5 reference material.
Effect of age and frailty on the efficacy and tolerability of once‐weekly selinexor, bortezomib, and dexamethasone in previously treated multiple myeloma
Authors: Auner Holger W. , Gavriatopoulou Maria , Delimpasi Sosana , Simonova Maryana , Spicka Ivan , Pour Ludek , Dimopoulos Meletios A. , Kriachok Iryna , Pylypenko Halyna , Leleu Xavier , Doronin Vadim , Usenko Ganna , Hajek Roman , Benjamin Reuben , Dolai Tuphan Kanti , Sinha Dinesh Kumar , Venner Christopher P. , Garg Mamta , Stevens Don Ambrose , Quach Hang , Jagannath Sundar , Moreau Phillipe , Levy Moshe , Badros Ashraf , Anderson Larry D. , Bahlis Nizar J. , Facon Thierry , Mateos Maria Victoria , Cavo Michele , Chai Yi , Arazy Melina , Shah Jatin , Shacham Sharon , Kauffman Michael G. , Richardson Paul G. , Grosicki Sebastian 
Published: March 2021

AbstractElderly and frail patients with multiple myeloma (MM) are more vulnerable to the toxicity of combination therapies, often resulting in treatment modifications and suboptimal outcomes. The phase 3 BOSTON study showed that once‐weekly selinexor and bortezomib with low‐dose dexamethasone (XVd) improved PFS and ORR compared with standard twice‐weekly bortezomib and moderate‐dose dexamethasone (Vd) in patients with previously treated MM. This is a retrospective subgroup analysis of the multicenter, prospective, randomized BOSTON trial. Post hoc analyses were performed to compare XVd versus Vd safety and efficacy according to age and frailty status (<65 and ≥65 years, nonfrail and frail). Patients ≥65 years with XVd had higher ORR (OR 1.77, p = .024), ≥VGPR (OR, 1.68, p = .027), PFS (HR 0.55, p = .002), and improved OS (HR 0.63, p = .030), compared with Vd. In frail patients, XVd was associated with a trend towards better PFS (HR 0.69, p = .08) and OS (HR 0.62, p = .062). Significant improvements were also observed in patients <65 (ORR and TTNT) and nonfrail patients (PFS, ORR, ≥VGPR, and TTNT). Patients treated with XVd had a lower incidence of grade ≥ 2 peripheral neuropathy in ≥65 year‐old (22% vs. 37%; p = .0060) and frail patients (15% vs. 44%; p = .0002). Grade ≥3 TEAEs were not observed more often in older compared to younger patients, nor in frail compared to nonfrail patients. XVd is safe and effective in patients <65 and ≥65 and in nonfrail and frail patients with previously treated MM.
MYH1 is a candidate gene for recurrent rhabdomyolysis in humans
Authors: Alsaif Hessa S. , Alshehri Ali , Sulaiman Raashda A. , Al‐Hindi Hindi , Guzmán‐Vega Francisco J. , Arold Stefan T. , Alkuraya Fowzan S. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRhabdomyolysis is a serious medical condition characterized by muscle injury, and there are recognized genetic causes especially in recurrent forms. The majority of these cases, however, remain unexplained. Here, we describe a patient with recurrent rhabdomyolysis in whom extensive clinical testing failed to identify a likely etiology. Whole‐exome sequencing revealed a novel missense variant in MYH1, which encodes a major adult muscle fiber protein. Structural biology analysis revealed that the mutated residue is extremely well conserved and is located in the actin binding cleft. Furthermore, immediately adjacent mutations in that cleft in other myosins are pathogenic in humans. Our results are consistent with the finding that MYH1 is mutated in rhabdomyolysis in horses and suggest that this gene should be investigated in cases with recurrent rhabdomyolysis.
Organoboron Compounds Towards Asymmetric Pericyclic Reaction; Exploitation to Bioactive Molecule Synthesis
Authors: Kanti Das Kanak , Kumar Parveen , Ghorai Debraj , Mondal Buddhadeb , Panda Santanu 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOrganic frameworks containing boron as one of the units have wide application in organic synthesis. Due to the non‐toxicity and cheap accessibility, the organoboron compounds have gained increased demand towards the organic chemist. Besides, there has been a huge progress in the area of chiral organoboron synthesis, which allows direct access to chiral synthons. Among other methods developed for the asymmetric synthesis of organoboron compounds, pericyclic reaction plays an important role. Cycloaddition reactions using vinyl boronic esters have been extensively reported for the synthesis of cyclic boronic esters. Asymmetric cycloaddition using organoboron compound opens a quick access to various intermediates with multiple chiral centers, which has been utilized for the total synthesis of bioactive molecules. This mini‐review outlines various asymmetric pericyclic reactions developed to date demonstrating its applicability towards bioactive molecule synthesis.
Lipid bound extended release buprenorphine (high and low doses) and sustained release buprenorphine effectively attenuate post‐operative hypersensitivity in an incisional pain model in mice (Mus musculus)
Authors: Navarro Kaela , Jampachaisri Katechan , Huss Monika , Pacharinsak Cholawat 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundExtended‐release buprenorphine (XR) is indicated for pain management in rodents, but little is known about its use in mice. This study aimed to investigate whether high dose XR effectively attenuates post‐operative hypersensitivity better than low dose XR in a mouse model of incisional pain.MethodsMice (n = 44) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatment groups: (a) saline (1 ml/kg SC, once); (b) sustained release buprenorphine (Bup‐SR, 1 mg/kg SC, once); (c) low dose extended‐release buprenorphine (XR‐lo, 3.25 mg/kg SC, once); (d) high dose extended‐release buprenorphine (XR‐hi, 6.5 mg/kg SC, once). On days −1, 0 (4 hours), 1, 2, and 3, mechanical and thermal hypersensitivities were evaluated, and plasma buprenorphine concentrations were measured.ResultsMechanical (days 0‐2) and thermal (days 0‐1) hypersensitivities were observed in the saline group. Bup‐SR, XR‐lo, and XR‐hi attenuated mechanical hypersensitivity on days 0, 1, and 2. None of the treatment groups, except XR‐Lo on day 0, attenuated thermal hypersensitivity on days 0 or 1. Plasma buprenorphine concentration peaked at 4 hours (day 0) in all treatment groups and remained greater than 1 ng/mL on days 0‐2. No abnormal clinical observations or gross pathologic findings were seen in any groups.ConclusionThe results indicate XR‐hi did not effectively attenuate post‐operative hypersensitivity better than XR‐lo. Thus both 3.25 and 6.5 mg/kg XR are recommended for attenuating post‐operative hypersensitivity for at least up to 48 hours in mice.
Studying the continuous wet mixing process based on the silica formula
Authors: Zhu Donglin , Wang Chuansheng , Xiao Yao , Wang Xiaoming , Han Shuang , Wang Zhifei , Bian Huiguang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractStudies show that the mixing process is one of the most critical steps in the rubber processing, which directly affects the performance and service life of rubber products. However, unjustifiable complexity, high processing time, and low mixing quality of the conventional mixing technologies restrict the development of the rubber industry. Aiming at the deficiency of rubber mixing technology at present, the wet mixing technology and continuous mixing technology are complementary to each other, and the continuous wet mixing technology is developed. Then experiments are carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The obtained experimental results show that the wet mixing and continuous mixing technologies have synergetic effects, thereby simplifying the mixing process and improving the quality and continuity of the mixing process. It is found that the continuous wet mixing technology significantly improves the properties of the rubber compound compared with the conventional dry mixing method. The proposed method not only has reasonable processing properties but also significantly improves the physical, compressive fatigue, degree of dispersion and dynamic mechanical properties of the compound compared with those from the conventional dry mixing process.
Polypyrrole material for the electrostatic discharge sensitivity mitigation of Al/SnO2 energetic composites
Authors: Gibot Pierre , Goetz Virginie 
Published: March 2021

AbstractNanothermites are composite energetic materials made of fuel and oxidizer nanoparticles characterized by impressive exothermic reactions (highly flame temperatures and impressive heat combustion releases). However, nanothermites suffer from their high electrostatic discharge (ESD) sensitivity that may be at the origin of accidental ignitions during handling. The present study deals with the use of doped‐polypyrrole conducting polymer in aluminum/tin (IV) oxide energetic formulation (Al/SnO2). X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, conductivity measurements, sensitivities and combustion tests were implemented to characterize the polypyrrole‐doped Al/SnO2 energetic composite. The results revealed a significant gradual ESD desensitization of the nanothermite (<0.14 mJ to 246.40 mJ) as a function of the doped‐polypyrrole amount (0 to 15 wt%). The reactive properties of the polypyrrole‐enriched Al/SnO2 nanothermite were verified and an acceptable reactive behavior was claimed. The successful adding of doped‐polypyrrole conducting polymer within energetic nanocomposites is reported for the first time.
Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis of Graphene over Sapphire Substrates
Authors: Shan Jingyuan , Sun Jingyu , Liu Zhongfan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGraphene grown with less grain boundaries, larger grain sizes and transfer‐free feature by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is of significant importance to fulfill practical applications. Sapphire has readily emerged as an ideal substrate for graphene growth owing to its relatively low cost, good mechanical strength and physical/chemical stability under CVD conditions. In this minireview, recent advance in the CVD preparation of graphene over sapphire substrates is summarized. The graphene growth on epitaxial metal (111) film derived from c‐plane sapphire and direct fabrication over sapphire are respectively discussed. Application sectors of graphene/sapphire hybrid materials are further reviewed. Finally, perspectives on the synthesis of graphene over sapphire are given.
Characteristics, management, and outcome of pediatric patients with post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disease—A 20 years' experience from Austria
Authors: Füreder Anna , Kropshofer Gabriele , Benesch Martin , Dworzak Michael , Greil Sabine , Huber Wolf‐Dietrich , Hubmann Holger , Lawitschka Anita , Mann Georg , Michel‐Behnke Ina , Müller‐Sacherer Thomas , Pichler Herbert , Simonitsch‐Klupp Ingrid , Schwinger Wolfgang , Szepfalusi Zsolt , Crazzolara Roman , Attarbaschi Andishe ,   Austrian Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundManagement of pediatric post‐transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) after hematopoietic stem cell (HSCT) and solid organ transplantation (SOT) is challenging.AimThis study of 34 PTLD patients up to 19‐years old diagnosed in Austria from 2000 to 2018 aimed at assessing initial characteristics, therapy, response, and outcome as well as prognostic markers of this rare pediatric disease.Methods and resultsA retrospective data analysis was performed. Types of allografts were kidney (n = 12), liver (n = 7), heart (n = 5), hematopoietic stem cells (n = 4), lungs (n = 2), multi‐visceral (n = 2), small intestine (n = 1), and vessels (n = 1). Eighteen/34 were classified as monomorphic PTLD, with DLBCL accounting for 15 cases. Polymorphic disease occurred in nine, and non‐destructive lesions in six cases. One patient had a non‐classifiable PTLD. Thirteen/34 patients are surviving event‐free in first remission (non‐destructive, n = 4/6; polymorphic, n = 4/9; monomorphic, n = 6/18). Fourteen/34 patients lacked complete response to first‐line therapy, of whom seven died. Four/34 patients relapsed, of whom two died. In 3/34 patients, death occurred as a first event. The 5‐year overall and event‐free survival rates were 64% ± 9% and 35% ± 9% for the whole cohort. Among all parameters analyzed, only malignant disease as the indication for transplantation had a significantly poor influence on survival.ConclusionsThis study shows PTLD still to be a major cause of mortality following SOT or HSCT in children. A continued understanding of the molecular biology of the disease shall allow to decrease treatment intensity for lower risk patients and to identify patients who may benefit from newer therapy approaches to improve outcome and decrease morbidity.