bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel online calculator to predict recurrence risk in patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma after radical pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Xu Shuai , Zhang Xiu‐Ping , Zhao Guo‐Dong , Zou Wen‐Bo , Zhao Zhi‐Ming , Hu Ming‐Gen , Gao Yuan‐Xing , Tan Xiang‐Long , Liu Qu , Liu Rong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundPatients with distal cholangiocarcinoma (DCC) are prone to relapse even after radical pancreaticoduodenectomy. In this study, we sought to create an online nomogram calculator to accurately predict the recurrence risk of DCC.MethodsA total of 184 patients were included. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to identify independent prognosis factors for recurrence‐free survival and overall survival. A nomogram was constructed according to the prognostic factors in the training cohort and then tested in the validation cohort.ResultsMultivariate Cox analysis showed preoperative carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 (p < 0.001), maximum tumor size (p = 0.076), perineural invasion (p = 0.044), and N stage (p = 0.076) were independent prognostic factors for DCC relapse. We then constructed a nomogram with these four factors. The consistency index (C‐index) of the nomogram in the training and validation cohorts were 0.703 and 0.665, respectively. Time‐dependent receiver operating characteristic and decision curve analyses revealed that the nomogram provided higher diagnostic power and net benefit compared with other staging systems.ConclusionIn this study, we developed an online nomogram calculator that can accurately predict the recurrence risk of DCC and identify patients with a high risk of recurrence in a simple and convenient manner.
Textbook oncologic outcome in pancreaticoduodenectomy: Do regionalization efforts make sense?
Authors: Kulshrestha Sujay , Sweigert Patrick J. , Tonelli Celsa , Bunn Corinne , Luchette Fred A. , Abdelsattar Zaid M. , Pawlik Timothy M. , Baker Marshall S. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesFew empiric studies evaluate the effects of regionalization on pancreatic cancer care.MethodsWe queried the National Cancer Database to identify patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy for clinical stage I/II pancreatic adenocarcinoma between 2006 and 2015. Facilities were categorized by annual pancreatectomy volume. Textbook oncologic outcome was defined as a margin negative resection, appropriate lymph node assessment, no prolonged hospitalization, no 30‐day readmission, no 90‐day mortality, and timely receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy. Multivariable regression adjusted for comorbid disease, pathologic stage, and facility characteristics was used to evaluate the relationship between facility volume and textbook outcome.ResultsSixteen thousand six hundred and two patients underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy; 3566 (21.5%) had a textbook outcome. Operations performed at high volume centers increased each year (45.8% in 2006 to 64.2% in 2015, p < 0.001) as did textbook outcome rates (14.3%–26.2%, p < 0.001). Surgical volume was associated with textbook outcome. High volume centers demonstrated higher unadjusted rates of textbook outcome (25.4% vs. 11.8% p < 0.01) and increased adjusted odds of textbook outcome relative to low volume centers (odds ratio: 2.39, [2.02, 2.85], p < 0.001). Textbook outcome was associated with improved overall survival independent of volume.ConclusionsRegionalization of care for pancreaticoduodenectomy to high volume centers is ongoing and is associated with improved quality of care.
Lower Leg Muscle Stiffness on Two‐Dimensional Shear Wave Elastography in Subjects With Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome
Authors: Zhang Haixiang , Peng Weiping , Qin Chi , Miao Yuqian , Zhou Fan , Ma Yutong , Gao Yongyan 
Published: October 2021

ObjectivesWe aimed to explore, which muscle stiffness changes may be related to medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) and the correlation between the medial tibial periosteal thickness and lower leg muscle stiffness.MethodsThis study included 63 subjects distributed into 3 groups: the symptomless group, the MTSS group, and the control group. The lower leg muscle stiffness of the tibialis anterior (TA), extensor digitorum longus (EDL), peroneus longus (PL), soleus (SOL), lateral gastrocnemius (LG), medial gastrocnemius (MG), tibialis posterior (TP), and flexor digitorum longus (FDL) in the 3 groups was obtained by two‐dimensional shear wave elastography. Differences in the muscle stiffness and medial tibial periosteal thickness in the 3 groups were determined by one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and least significant difference tests. The relationships between the periosteal thickness and the muscle stiffness were assessed using Pearson correlations.ResultsThe shear wave velocity (SWV) of all lower leg muscles except the EDL was higher in the symptomless and MTSS groups than in the control group (TA, P = .001; PL, P = .006; SOL, P < .001; LG, P < .001; MG, P < .001; TP, P < .001; FDL, P = .013; and ANOVA). A significant difference was found in the SWV of the SOL, TP, and FDL between the control and symptomless groups (P = .041, P < .001, and P = .013, respectively). Moreover, the medial tibial periosteum was thickened after running training, and its thickness was positively correlated with muscle stiffness.ConclusionThe medial tibia periosteal thickness is positively correlated with the lower leg muscles stiffness. Changes in SOL, TP, and FDL stiffness may be related to the occurrence of MTSS.
Oleic Acid Constructed Supramolecular Hyperbranched Polysiloxane with Enhanced Fluorescence and Excellent Drug Delivery Ability
Authors: Bai Lihua , Yan Hongxia , Guo Liulong , He Miaomiao , Bai Tian , Yang Pengfei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHyperbranched polysiloxane (HBPSi) as a novel unconventional fluorescent polymer has attached great attention due to its stable fluorescence, facile preparation, and good biocompatibility. Study shows that the fluorescence of unconventional fluorescent polymer is closely related to the aggregate state. To promote the aggregate of HBPSi and endow it with drug delivery ability, in this work, different contents of renewable oleic acid are grafted onto a water‐soluble HBPSi. Results show that oleic acid constructs compact supramolecular HBPSi, leading to the enhancement of electronic communication among hydroxyl, amine, ether, and ─Si(O)3 groups in the supramolecular, which inhibits the movement of molecular chains and subsequently enhances the fluorescence. The novel compact supramolecular HBPSi has a high drug loading capacity (470 mg g–1) due to its typical structure, which is much higher than the reported β‐cyclodextrin modified HBPSi (180 mg g–1), and the drug release is also pH‐controlled. Moreover, the fluorescence of HBPSi‐OA is sensitive to Fe3+. Therefore, the supramolecular HBPSi can be applied in drug delivery and Fe3+ sensing.
Characterization of temperatures associated to Schrödinger operators with initial data in BMO spaces
Authors: Yang Minghua , Zhang Chao 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLet be a Schrödinger operator of the form acting on where the nonnegative potential V belongs to the reverse Hölder class for some . Let denote the BMO space on associated to the Schrödinger operator . In this article we will show that a function is the trace of the solution of , where u satisfies a Carleson‐type condition
Conversely, this Carleson‐type condition characterizes all the ‐carolic functions whose traces belong to the space .
Huppert's conjecture for character codegrees
Authors: Moretó Alexander 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHuppert's ρ‐σ conjecture is one of the main open problems on character degrees of finite groups. A number of ρ‐σ problems have been studied. For instance, T. Keller and J. Zhang considered the ρ‐σ problem for element orders in the 1990s. Recently, a lot of research is being done on character codegrees. Y. Yang and G. Qian studied the ρ‐σ problem for character codegrees in 2017. In this note, we obtain a sharp bound for groups with trivial solvable radical. As a consequence, we improve the general bound of Yang and Qian. For solvable groups, we notice that the ρ‐σ problem for character codegrees is very closely related to the ρ‐σ problem for element orders. In particular, we give a partial negative answer to a speculation by Yang and Qian on the exact bound for the ρ‐σ problem for character codegrees.
Donor‐Acceptor Conjugated Heptazine Polymers with Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Degradations towards Tetracyclines
Authors: Li Zhen , Zeng Wei , Li Meng‐Hua , Zheng Jun‐Feng , Fang Xin , Lin Mei‐Jin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPhotocatalysis is an efficient and green technology in the environmental protection. Due to the high charge separation and transfer, donor–acceptor (D–A) conjugated polymers attract much attention for their photocatalytic degradations towards organic pollutants. Herein, the authors reported three novel D–A conjugated polymers, named as HPBP, HPTP, and HPF, with heptazine moieties as electron acceptors, while biphenyl, terphenyl, or fluorene moieties as electron donors, respectively, which indeed exhibit a highly efficient photocatalytic degradation towards tetracyclines upon the visible‐light irradiation. Among them, the photocatalytic performance of HPF is especially noticeable with the degradation rate up to 87% within 30 min, almost 11 times in comparison to those of pristine g‐C3N4, which is mainly attributed to its high crystallinity and conjugation. For their photocatalytic mechanism, the •O2– radical anions are regarded as the active species.
Characterization of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains colonizing the nostrils of Spanish children
Authors: Román Federico , Mendez‐Echevarria Ana , Del Rosal Teresa , Garcia‐Vera Cesar , Escosa‐Garcia Luis , Agud Martin , Chaves Fernando , Gutiérrez‐Fernández José , Ruiz de Gopegui Enrique , Ruiz‐Carrascoso Guillermo , Ruiz‐Gallego Maria del Carmen , Bernet Albert , Quevedo Sara Maria , Fernández‐Verdugo Ana Maria , Sainz Talia , Calvo Cristina 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo characterize the Staphylococcus aureus strains colonizing healthy Spanish children.MethodsBetween March and July 2018, 1876 Spanish children younger than 14 years attending primary healthcare centers were recruited from rural and urban areas. Staphylococcus aureus colonization of the anterior nostrils was analyzed. MecA and mecC genes, antibiotic susceptibility, and genotyping according to the spa were determined in all strains, and the following toxins were examined: Panton‐Valentine leucocidin (pvl), toxic shock syndrome toxin (tst), and exfoliative toxins (eta, etb, etd). Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCCmec) typing were performed on methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains, as well as pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).Results619 strains were isolated in 1876 children (33%), and 92% of them were sent for characterization to the Spanish National Centre of Microbiology (n = 572). Twenty (3.5%) of these strains were mecA‐positive. Several spa types were detected among MRSA, being t002 the most frequently observed (30%), associating with SCCmec IVc. Among MSSA, 33% were positive for tst, while only 0.73% were positive for pvl. The 20 MRSA strains were negative for pvl, and 6 (30%) harbored the tst gene.Conclusionsmethicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization in Spanish children is rare, with t002 being the most observed spa type, associated with SCCmec IVc. None of the MRSA strains produced pvl, but up to 30% of S. aureus strains were positive for tst.
Effect of the skincare product on facial skin microbial structure and biophysical parameters: A pilot study
Authors: Hwang Bo Kyoung , Lee Sado , Myoung Joonoh , Hwang Seung Jin , Lim Jun Man , Jeong Eui Taek , Park Sun Gyoo , Youn Sung Hun 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDaily use of cosmetics is known to affect the skin microbiome. This study aimed to determine the bacterial community structure and skin biophysical parameters following the daily application of a skincare product on the face. Twenty‐five Korean women, who used the same skincare product for four weeks participated in the study. During this period, skin hydration, texture, sebum content, and pH were measured, and skin swab samples were collected on the cheeks. The microbiota was analyzed using the MiSeq system. Through these experiments, bacterial diversity in facial skin increased and the microbial community changed after four weeks of skincare product application. The relative abundance of Cutibacterium and Staphylococcus increased, significant changes in specific bacterial modules of the skin microbial network were observed, and skin hydration and texture improved. It was suggested that daily use of skincare products could affect the microbial structure of facial skin as well as the biophysical properties of the facial skin. These findings expand our understanding of the role of skincare products on the skin environment.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids cause physiological and behavioral changes in Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio fischeri
Authors: Smith David S. , Houck Carina , Lee Allycia , Simmons Timothy B. , Chester Olivia N. , Esdaile Ayanna , Symes Steven J. K. , Giles David K. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractVibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio (Aliivibrio) fischeri are Gram‐negative bacteria found globally in marine environments. During the past decade, studies have shown that certain Gram‐negative bacteria, including Vibrio species (cholerae, parahaemolyticus, and vulnificus) are capable of using exogenous polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to modify the phospholipids of their membrane. Moreover, exposure to exogenous PUFAs has been shown to affect certain phenotypes that are important factors of virulence. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether V. alginolyticus and V. fischeri are capable of responding to exogenous PUFAs by remodeling their membrane phospholipids and/or altering behaviors associated with virulence. Thin‐layer chromatography (TLC) analyses and ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (UPLC/ESI‐MS) confirmed incorporation of all PUFAs into membrane phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. Several growth phenotypes were identified when individual fatty acids were supplied in minimal media and as sole carbon sources. Interestingly, several PUFAs acids inhibited growth of V. fischeri. Significant alterations to membrane permeability were observed depending on fatty acid supplemented. Strikingly, arachidonic acid (20:4) reduced membrane permeability by approximately 35% in both V. alginolyticus and V. fischeri. Biofilm assays indicated that fatty acid influence was dependent on media composition and temperature. All fatty acids caused decreased swimming motility in V. alginolyticus, while only linoleic acid (18:2) significantly increased swimming motility in V. fischeri. In summary, exogenous fatty acids cause a variety of changes in V. alginolyticus and V. fischeri, thus adding these bacteria to a growing list of Gram‐negatives that exhibit versatility in fatty acid utilization and highlighting the potential for environmental PUFAs to influence phenotypes associated with planktonic, beneficial, and pathogenic associations.
Creation of a rat lymphedema model using extensive lymph node dissection and circumferential soft tissue resection: Is this a reliable model?
Authors: Huang Chi‐Wei , Chang Yung‐Chun , Hsiao Hui‐Yi , Liu Jia‐Wei , Chang Frank Chun‐Shin , Huang Jung‐Ju 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe medical demand for lymphedema treatment is huge since the disease mechanism remains unclear, and management are difficult. Our purpose was to develop a reliable lymphedema model mimicking the clinical scenario and allows a microsurgical approach.Materials and methodsMale Lewis rats weighing 400 to 450 g were used to create lymphedema with groin and popliteal lymph node dissection and creation of 5 mm circumferential skin defect (n = 6). A skin incision was made and closed primarily for control group (n = 5). Evaluation included indocyanine green (ICG) lymphangiography 1 and 2 months postoperatively, volume difference between bilateral hindlimbs measured using micro‐CT, and the skin was harvested for histological evaluation 2 months postoperatively.ResultsLarger volume differences present in the lymphedema group (17.50 ± 7.76 vs. 3.73 ± 2.66%, p < .05). ICG lymphangiography indicated dermal backflow only in the lymphedema group. Increased thickness of the epidermis was noted in lymphedema group (28.50 ± 12.61 μm vs. 15.10 ± 5.41 μm, p < .0001). More CD45+ (35.6 ± 26.68 vs. 2.8 ± 4.23 cells/high power field [HPF], p < .0001), CD3+ (38.39 ± 20.17 vs. 9.73 ± 8.62 cells/HPF, p < .0001), and CD4+ cell infiltration (11.7 ± 7.71 vs. 2.0 ± 2.67 cells/HPF, p < .0001) were observed in the lymphedema group. Collagen type I deposition was more in the lymphedema group (0.15 ± 0.06 vs. 0.07 ± 0.03, p < .0005).ConclusionsA rat lymphedema model was successfully established. The model can be applied in lymphedema related research.
Update about the disrupting‐effects of phthalates on the human reproductive system
Authors: Mesquita Inês , Lorigo Margarida , Cairrao Elisa 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPhthalate esters are synthetic chemicals used in the plastic industry as plasticizers and consumable products. According to United Nations, about 400 million tons of plastic are produced every year. In parallel with increased production, the concerns about its effects on human health have increased because phthalates are endocrine‐disrupting compounds. Humans are continuously exposed to phthalates through different routes of exposure. Experimental data have associated the phthalates exposure to adverse effects on development and reproduction in women (e.g., earlier puberty, primary ovarian insufficiency, endometriosis, preterm birth, or in vitro fertilization) and men (e.g., anogenital distance, cryptorchidism, hypospadias, and changes in adult reproductive function) although there is no consensus. Therefore, one question arises: could the increase in infertility be related to phthalates exposure? To answer this question, we aimed to assess the disrupting‐effects of phthalates on the human reproductive system. For this, we reviewed the current literature based on epidemiological and experimental data and experimental studies in humans. The phthalate effects were discussed in a separate mode for female and male reproductive systems. In summary, phthalates induce toxicity in the reproductive system and human development. The increased plastic production may be related to the increase in human infertility.
The use of onabotulinumtoxinA to treat idiopathic overactive bladder in elderly patients is in need of study
Authors: Manns Kate , Khan Asher , Carlson Kevin V. , Wagg Adrian , Baverstock Richard J. , Trafford Crump R. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundInjecting onabotulinumtoxinA (BoTN‐A) into the bladder has been established as an effective treatment of overactive bladder (OAB) and well‐tolerated by patients. However, there evidence suggests the efficacy and safety of this treatment may decrease with age due to increased comorbidities and frailty. This study's objective was to establish empirical evidence regarding age‐related differences in outcomes related to BoTN‐A for the treatment of idiopathic OAB.MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Registry for Controlled Trials were systematically searched. Results were restricted to randomized control trials of BoTN‐A bladder injections for the treatment of idiopathic OAB. The resulting articles' abstracts were screened independently by two reviewers. Those passing the screen were reviewed in full. Articles were excluded if participants were <18 years old, diagnosed with neurogenic overactivity, or treated with both oral medications and BoTN‐A; if the frequency and severity of OAB symptoms were not specified; or, if symptoms were not stratified by age.ResultsThe initial search resulted in 1572 articles; 166 were reviewed in full. None met all inclusion/exclusion criteria. However, 21 studies met all criteria except age stratification. Authors were contacted to obtain raw data to perform an independent age‐based analysis, but sufficient data was not received.ConclusionWhile the initial systematic review did not generate the expected results, it did reveal that age‐related outcomes of BoTN‐A for the treatment of OAB are significantly under‐studied. Given that the prevalence of OAB increases with age, this is an important knowledge gap. Our article explains the rationale for further study in this area.
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation as add‐on therapy in children receiving anticholinergics and/or mirabegron for refractory daytime urinary incontinence: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Pedersen Natashja , Breinbjerg Anders , Thorsteinsson Kristina , Hagstrøm Søren , Rittig Søren , Kamperis Konstantinos 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimsTo investigate if children with daytime urinary incontinence (DUI) and overactive bladder (OAB) refractory to standard urotherapy and medicinal treatment, would experience improvement in symptoms after add‐on treatment with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS).MethodsChildren were retrospectively enrolled from tertiary referral centers at Aarhus and Aalborg University Hospitals. All data were retrieved from the patients’ journals. All children were prescribed TENS as an add‐on treatment to the highest‐tolerable dose of medicinal treatment in a standardized regime of 2 h a day for around 3 months. Primary endpoints were the number of wet days per week (WDPW) and incontinence episodes per day. Effect of treatment was defined as greater or equal to 50% reduction in the frequency of DUI episodes. Secondary endpoints were to establish predictive factors for the effect of treatment using logistic regression.ResultsSeventy‐six children diagnosed with DUI and OAB refractory to treatment with standard urotherapy and pharmacological treatment, at the age of 5–16 years were included from February 2017 to February 2020. A reduction in WDPW (from 6.31 [5.86–6.61] to 4.27 [3.45–4.90], p < 0.05) and incontinence episodes per day (from 2.45 [1.98–2.91] to 1.43 [1.07–1.80], p < 0.05) was observed. Twelve patients became completely dry. At 6 months follow‐up, seven of the 12 complete responders had relapsed while five remained dry. A history of constipation before TENS was a predictor of poor treatment response (p = 0.016).ConclusionsTENS as add‐on to anticholinergic treatment seems effective in a number of children with treatment‐refractory DUI.