bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A high-performance silicon-containing arylacetylene resin with conjugated naphthalene rings
Authors: Ma Manping , Liu Xiaotian , Li Chuan , Yuan Qiaolong , Huang Farong 
Published: August 2021

2,7-Diphenyloxynaphthalene with large conjugated structure has been introduced into the main chain of silicon-containing arylacetylene resin and then poly(dimethylsilylene-ethynylenephenoxynaphthyloxyphenylene-ethynylene) ( m-PPNSA-MM) was synthesized. The m-PPNSA-MM resin shows good solubility and a wide processing window. A stable three-dimensional cross-linking network formed due to thermal crosslinking reactions of acetylene groups and intermolecular π–π stacking interactions after m-PPNSA-MM was cured through the process of 180°C/2 h + 220°C/2 h + 260°C/4 h. The flexural strength and modulus of the cured m-PPNSA-MM resin at room temperature are 49.2 MPa and 2.75 GPa, respectively. The cured m-PPNSA-MM resin show high thermal stabilities, the 5% temperature of weight loss ( Td5) reaches 560°C in nitrogen.
Is There a Borderline Value in the Radiological Findings of Patients With Calcaneal Malunion That May Help to Select an Appropriate Treatment Option?
Authors: Konovalchuk Nikita , Sorokin Evgenii , Fomichev Viktor , Chugaev Dmitrii , Kochish Alexander , Pashkova Ekaterina , Mikhaylov Kirill 
Published: August 2021

Background: Despite the constant evolution of technological support, operative techniques, and rehabilitation techniques after conservative treatment and operative treatment, a considerable number of patients with calcaneal fractures have constant pain, frequently resulting in loss of occupation. There are numerous options for the operative treatment of painful calcaneal malunion; however, very few publications suggest specific radiological measurements for pre- and postoperative planning—even fewer have statistically analyzed how these radiological measurements affect clinical outcomes. Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 100 patients after operative treatment of calcaneal malunion to determine the correlation between radiological measurements and clinical outcomes. Data were used to create an algorithm that would help to choose between in situ subtalar arthrodesis and complex reconstructive operations. The algorithm was then used to treat 27 prospective patients. The American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) hindfoot score and visual analog scale (VAS) were used for clinical assessment, whereas standard weightbearing anteroposterior (AP), lateral (LAT) ankle x-rays, and long axial hindfoot view were used for radiological assessment. Results: The talar declination angle was positively correlated with clinical outcome. Patients with talar declination angles less than 6.5 degrees showed worse results in AOFAS score than patients with a greater angle did (57.3 ± 15.3 and 81 ± 15.6, respectively). Conclusion: The combination of subtalar arthrodesis with distraction bone block or calcaneal osteotomy in patients with calcaneal malunion and a talar declination angle less than 6.5 degrees showed better results than isolated in situ arthrodesis. Level of Evidence Level III, retrospective cohort study, case series.
ADHD and Academic Success in University Students: The Important Role of Impaired Attention
Authors: Henning Colin , Summerfeldt Laura J. , Parker James D. A. 
Published: August 2021

Objective To improve on several methodological issues regarding current literature investigating the relationship between ADHD symptomatology and academic success in adults and examine the relative contributions of specific dimensions of ADHD symptomatology (i.e., inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity) to post-secondary academic success. Method A large sample of 3,688 post-secondary students were examined using a longitudinal design. The Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scale (CAARS) was used to assess adult ADHD symptoms and academic success was assessed using students’ official academic records (e.g., final GPAs and degree completion status). Results Students with greater inattention symptomatology at the start of their academic program showed consistently poorer long-term academic success (i.e., lower GPAs, higher dropout rates), regardless of gender. Conclusion Inattention symptoms are the primary driver of the relationship between ADHD symptomatology and academic underachievement in adults. Post-secondary education institutions should target and prioritize educational programming for inattention symptoms of ADHD in at-risk post-secondary students.
Combining primary and sulcus piggyback IOLs for the correction of a spherical-cylindrical defect in an eye with abnormal cornea
Authors: Franco Fabrizio Gaetano Saverio , Nicolosi Cristina , Vicini Giulio , Grasso Cannizzo Piero , Virgili Gianni , Giansanti Fabrizio 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Piggyback IntraOcular Lenses (IOLs), or supplementary secondary implant lenses, have been developed to provide a sufficient dioptric power in eyes with high refractive defects, which are not fully correctable after cataract surgery with single IOL in the range of powers available. These lenses can also be used for the correction of refractive errors that occurred for a wrong choice of the IOL power after cataract surgery. Case description: We report the case of a complete refractive success obtained in a patient with an abnormal cornea, with a central stable ectasia, with thinning, high myopic astigmatism and cataract, obtained with the implant of a primary posterior chamber IOL at the time of cataract surgery and a subsequent implant of a secondary piggyback, sulcus-based customized toric IOL (Camellens FIL 622-2 Toric Monofocal IOL, Soleko, Rome, Italy). Conclusions: This brief report demonstrates the utility of combining primary and piggyback IOLs implant for the correction of a complex spherical-cylindrical refractive defect in a case of abnormal cornea and cataract.
Effectiveness of mechanical recanalization for intraluminal occlusion of totally implantable venous access ports
Authors: Yang Woo Jin , Song Myung Gyu , Seo Tae-Seok , Park Sung-Joon 
Published: August 2021

Purpose: To evaluate if the mechanical injection of saline is effective in restoring patency of a totally implantable venous access port (TIVAP) with an intraluminal occlusion. Materials and methods: From January 2017 to June 2019, 64 cases of dysfunction of a TIVAP were referred to interventional radiology. Among these, 16 cases showed normal function of the TIVAP, 19 cases the showed the appearance of a fibroblastic sheath, and 29 cases showed intraluminal occlusion. Mechanical recanalization was performed for intraluminal occlusion of the TIVAP with an indeflator and a 20G non-coring needle. Linograms were performed in all recanalized cases. The success or failure of recanalization and the pressure of the indeflator were recorded. Linograms were evaluated for breakage or migration of catheters. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Among the 29 intraluminal occlusion cases, 24 cases (82.7%) were recanalized by mechanical recanalization via an indeflator. The pressure of the indeflator ranged from 29 to 220 psi (median: 118 psi). Linograms revealed breakage of the catheter of the TIVAP in two failed cases. The median interval from implantation to dysfunction was 405 days (range: 43–1723 days). The median interval from last use to dysfunction was 8 days (mean: 15.4 days; range: 1–119 days). The median re-occlusion free period after successful mechanical recanalization was 100.5 days (range: 6–859 days). Conclusion: In the absence of an available thrombolytic agent, mechanical injection of saline was a tolerable alternative method for restoring occluded catheters and sustaining the function of catheters. Because breakage of the catheter can occur during mechanical recanalization of a TIVAP, a linogram should follow the procedure.
Photobiomodulation Therapy in Head and Neck Cancer-Related Lymphedema: A Pilot Feasibility Study
Authors: Deng Jie , Lukens John N. , Swisher-McClure Samuel , Cohn Joy C. , Spinelli Bryan A. , Quinn Ryan J. , Chittams Jesse , McMenamin Erin , Lin Alexander 
Published: August 2021

Purpose: Lymphedema is a common debilitating late effect among patients post-head and neck cancer (HNC) treatment. Head and neck lymphedema was associated with symptom burden, functional impairment, and decreased quality of life. The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility and potential efficacy of the use of photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy for head and neck lymphedema, symptom burden, and neck range of motion among HNC survivors. Methods: This was a single-arm, pre- and post-design clinical trial. Eligible patients included those with lymphedema after completion of complete decongestive therapy (CDT) and 3 to 18 months after completion of cancer therapy. The intervention included PBM therapy 2 times a week for 6 weeks for a total of 12 treatments. Lymphedema, symptom burden, and neck range of motion were measured at baseline, end-of-intervention, and 4-week post-intervention. Results: Of the 12 patients enrolled in the study, 91.7% (n = 11) completed the study intervention and assessment visits, and no adverse events were reported. When comparing the baseline to 4-week post-intervention, we found statistically significant improvements in the severity of external lymphedema, symptom burden, and neck range of motion (all P < .05). Conclusion: PBM therapy was feasible and potentially effective for the treatment of head and neck lymphedema. Future randomized controlled trials are warranted to examine the efficacy of PBM therapy for HNC-related lymphedema. Trial Registration Number and Date of Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03738332; date of registration: November 13, 2018.
Longitudinal Changes in Ultrasound-Assessed Femoral Cartilage Thickness in Individuals from 4 to 6 Months Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Lisee Caroline , Harkey Matthew , Walker Zachary , Pfeiffer Karin , Covassin Tracey , Kovan Jeffrey , Currie Katharine D. , Kuenze Christopher 
Published: August 2021

Objective Diagnostic ultrasound provides a valid assessment of cartilage health that has been used to observe cross-sectional cartilage thickness differences post-ACLR (anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction), but has not been used longitudinally during early recovery post-ACLR. Design The purpose of this study was to assess longitudinal changes in femoral cartilage thickness via ultrasound in individuals at 4 to 6 months post-ACLR and compared to healthy controls. Twenty participants (50% female, age = 21.1 ± 5.7 years) completed testing sessions 4 and 6 months post-ACLR. Thirty healthy controls (57% female, age = 20.8 ± 3.8 years) without knee injury history completed 2 testing sessions (>72 hours apart). Femoral cartilage ultrasound images were captured bilaterally in ACLR participants and in the dominant limb of healthy controls during all sessions. Average cartilage thicknesses in the medial, intercondylar, and lateral femoral regions were determined using a semi-automated processing technique. Results When comparing cartilage thickness mean differences or changes over time, individuals post-ACLR did not demonstrate between limb differences ( P-range = 0.50-0.92), limb differences compared to healthy controls ( P-range = 0.19-0.94), or changes over time ( P-range = 0.22-0.72) for any femoral cartilage thickness region. However, participants demonstrated cartilage thickening (45%) or thinning (35%) that exceeded minimal detectable change (MDC) from 4 to 6 months post-ACLR, respectively. Conclusions Using MDC scores may help better identify within-subject femoral cartilage thickness changes longitudinally post-ACLR due to bidirectional cartilage thickness changes.
Diabetes Self-Management Among Individuals With Diabetes and Physical Disabilities
Authors: Comer-HaGans DeLawnia , Austin Shamly , Ramamonjiarivelo Zo , Sherman Ledric D. 
Published: August 2021

Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine diabetes self-management behavior among individuals who have diabetes living with and without physical limitations. Methods Pooled cross-sectional data (2011-2016) from the Household Component of the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey was used. Dependent variables were utilization of dilated eye exams, foot checks, at least 1 dental checkup annually, treating diabetes with oral medication, treating diabetes with insulin injections, and engagement in moderate or vigorous physical exercise 5 times per week. The independent variable was diabetes with physical limitations compared with diabetes without physical limitations. The study controlled for predisposing, enabling, and need factors. Results Findings indicate that individuals with diabetes and physical limitations were less likely to engage in moderate or vigorous physical exercise 5 times per week, have at least 1 annual dental checkup, and treat their diabetes orally with medication. Conclusions Self-management behavior was poor among individuals with diabetes and physical limitations. Environmental barriers may partially contribute to reasons why individuals with diabetes and physical limitations do not engage in diabetes self-management behaviors that would assist them in mitigating diabetes complications. Other reasons could be the lack of equipment accessibility or adaptability and cultural competence among providers treating/caring for individuals with physical limitations.
Long non-coding RNA profile study identifies a metabolism-related signature for colorectal cancer
Authors: Lu Yongqu , Wang Wendong , Liu Zhenzhen , Ma Junren , Zhou Xin , Fu Wei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundHeterogeneity in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients provides novel strategies in clinical decision-making. Identifying distinctive subgroups in patients can improve the screening of CRC and reduce the cost of tests. Metabolism-related long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) can help detection of tumorigenesis and development for CRC patients.MethodsRNA sequencing and clinical data of CRC patients which extracted and integrated from public databases including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were set as training cohort and validation cohort. Metabolism-related genes were acquired from Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and the metabolism-related lncRNAs were filtered using correlation analysis. The risk score was calculated based on lncRNAs with prognostic value and verified through survival curve, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and risk curve. Prognostic factors of CRC patients were also analyzed. Nomogram was constructed based on the results of cox regression analyses. The different immune status was observed in the single sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA).ResultsThe training cohort and the validation cohort enrolled 432 and 547 CRC patients respectively. A total of 23 metabolism-related lncRNAs with prognostic value were screened out and 10 of which were significantly differentially expressed between tumour and normal tissues. Finally, 8 lncRNAs were used to establish a risk score (DICER1-AS1, PCAT6, GAS5, PRR7-AS1, MCM3AP-AS1, GAS6-AS1, LINC01082 and ADIRF-AS1). Patients were divided into high-risk and low-risk groups according to the median of risk scores in training cohort and the survival curves indicated that the survival prognosis was significantly different. The area under curve (AUC) of the ROC curve in two cohorts were both greater than 0.6. The age, tumour stage and risk score were selected as independent factors and used to construct a nomogram to predict CRC patients' survival rate with the c-index of 0.806. The ssGSEA indicated that the risk score was associated with immune cells and functions.ConclusionsOur systematic study established a metabolism-related lncRNA signature to predict outcomes of CRC patients which may contribute to individual prevention and treatment.
Interleukin-22: a potential therapeutic target in atherosclerosis
Authors: Luo Jin-Wen , Hu Yuan , Liu Jian , Yang Huan , Huang Peng 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundAtherosclerosis is recognized as a chronic immuno-inflammatory disease that is characterized by the accumulation of immune cells and lipids in the vascular wall. In this review, we focus on the latest advance regarding the regulation and signaling pathways of IL-22 and highlight its impacts on atherosclerosis.Main bodyIL-22, an important member of the IL-10 family of cytokines, is released by cells of the adaptive and innate immune system and plays a key role in the development of inflammatory diseases. The binding of IL-22 to its receptor complex can trigger a diverse array of downstream signaling pathways, in particular the JAK/STAT, to induce the expression of chemokines and proinflammatory cytokines. Recently, numerous studies suggest that IL-22 is involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis by regulation of VSMC proliferation and migration, angiogenesis, inflammatory response, hypertension, and cholesterol metabolism.ConclusionIL-22 promotes the development of atherosclerosis by multiple mechanisms, which may be a promising therapeutic target in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
Barriers to teaching evolution in higher education
Authors: Tolman Ethan R. , Ferguson Daniel G. , Hubble Gabriella , Kaloi Mahealani , Niu Megan , Jensen Jamie L. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Although progress has been made in evolution education, many educators face significant barriers in their efforts to teach evolution specifically, and science in general. The purpose of this study was to identify faculty-perceived barriers to teaching evolution, specifically in religiously affiliated institutions or institutions with a highly religious student body, as well as resources faculty feel would help promote discourse around faith, evolution and science. To do this, we held a workshop with teams consisting of a science professor, a theologian and a pastor (of the predominant on-campus faith tradition) from 17 different institutions of higher education with highly religious student bodies for the purpose of helping them to create a curriculum to address perceived conflicts between science and faith. During the workshop, participants created posters identifying barriers they face and resources they perceive as helpful. These posters were analyzed for prevalent themes and framed within an ecological model of behavior.

Results
These teams identified prevalent barriers at each level of the ecological model. Intrapersonal factors included a fear of rocking the boat and a fear of student conflict. Interpersonal factors included perceived student lack of knowledge, student ideology, and student apathy. Institutional factors included work politics, a lack of relevant discourse surrounding the conflict, and mixed messaging to students. Community factors included social norms associated with various student demographics. And public policy factors included local and state government attempts to limit the teaching of evolution. Additionally, participants identified resources that they felt would facilitate overcoming conflict including colleagues as change agents, various assets, and tools to negate conflict.

Conclusions
We determined that many of the concerns are addressable, and many resources are attainable. We urge the community to work toward these solutions. Additionally, we compare our findings to what the literature has shown and discuss the implications of faculty perceptions as compared to the published literature.
Paradoxical effects of arsenic in the lungs
Authors: Ren Caixia , Zhou Yang , Liu Wenwen , Wang Qi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHigh levels (> 100 ug/L) of arsenic are known to cause lung cancer; however, whether low (≤ 10 ug/L) and medium (10 to 100 ug/L) doses of arsenic will cause lung cancer or other lung diseases, and whether arsenic has dose-dependent or threshold effects, remains unknown. Summarizing the results of previous studies, we infer that low- and medium-concentration arsenic cause lung diseases in a dose-dependent manner. Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is recognized as a chemotherapeutic drug for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), also having a significant effect on lung cancer. The anti-lung cancer mechanisms of ATO include inhibition of proliferation, promotion of apoptosis, anti-angiogenesis, and inhibition of tumor metastasis. In this review, we summarized the role of arsenic in lung disease from both pathogenic and therapeutic perspectives. Understanding the paradoxical effects of arsenic in the lungs may provide some ideas for further research on the occurrence and treatment of lung diseases.
Characteristics of Fertility Transition Response to the Cumulative Effective Low Temperature in a Two-Line Male Sterile Rice Cultivar
Authors: Wu Linxuan , Rong Huazhen , Chen Chun , Lin Xin , Wang Jiafeng , Xiao Wuming , Huang Cuihong , Guo Tao , Wang Hui , Huang Ming 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile (PTGMS) rice (Oryza sativa L.) is usually considered two-line male sterile rice because of its dual-purpose in two-line hybrid rice system: under short days and low temperatures, it is fertile and used for self-propagation, but under long days and high temperatures, it is sterile and used for hybrid seed production. Therefore, photoperiod and temperature conditions are extremely important for the fertility transition of two-line male sterile rice. In recent years, there have been frequent occurrences of abnormally low-temperature (ALT) resulting in failure of two-line hybrid rice seed production. The daily average temperature (DAT) during ALT events is sometimes higher than the critical sterility-inducing temperature (CSIT) of two-line male sterile rice, of which the night temperature is lower than the CSIT. DAT has been traditionally used as the single indicator of pollen fertility transition, but it is unknown why the fertility of two-line male sterile rice in seed production restored fertility under ALT conditions.

Results
For Hang93S (H93S), a newly released PTGMS line, we hypothesized fertility transition is determined mainly by the cumulative effective low temperature (ELT) and only a certain duration of low temperature is required every day during the fertility-sensitive period. This study simulated ALTs where the DAT was higher than the CSIT while some segments of night temperature were lower than the CSIT. The results showed H93S exhibited a fertility transition to varying degrees. Moreover, fertility was restored under simulated ALT conditions and pollen fertility increased with increasing cumulative ELT, indicating that the fertility transition was affected primarily by the cumulative ELT. Results also indicated that pollen fertility increased as the number of treatment days increased.

Conclusions
The fertility transition is caused mainly by the cumulative ELT. In two-line male sterile rice breeding, the effects of day length, ALT at night, and continuous response days should be considered together. The present study provides new insight into fertility transition so breeders can more effectively utilize the two-line male sterile rice, H93S, in breeding programs.