bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying meaningful aspects of health and concepts of interest for assessment in systemic lupus erythematosus: implications for digital clinical measure development
Authors: Kamudoni Paul , Lyden Kate , Günther Oliver , Jaitely Vikas , Araujo Thiago Dantas , Spies Erica , Park Josephine , Thomas Erik , Buie Joy , Blankenship Jennifer M. , Arnaud Laurent 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease with heterogeneous clinical manifestations which significantly impacts the daily lives of patients. Herein, we aimed to (i) investigate patients’ perspectives on and experience with SLE; (ii) identify meaningful aspects of health (MAHs) and concepts of interest (COIs) in SLE that could be evaluated using digital clinical measures (DCMs); and (iii) identify target DCMs for their assessment.

Methods
A mixed-methods, multistep approach was deployed for (i) exploring patients’ experience with SLE through a social media listening study and focused group discussions with patients; (ii) mapping patients’ experiences to define MAHs and identify COIs measurable using DCMs; (iii) selecting DCMs for the target COIs; and (iv) identifying types of wearable sensors for measuring COIs in the patients.

Results
Six MAHs related to physical behavior and sleep were identified: difficulty in ambulating, lack of energy, inability to perform activities of daily living, difficulty engaging in sustained walking, inability to perform leisure activities and exercise, and lack of restful sleep. Measurable COIs represented walking (fatigue and pain) and sleep (sleep and pain) characteristics. Five and six DCMs related to stepping behavior and sleep quality, respectively, were identified. Several wearable sensors are available to derive DCMs for physical behavior and sleep; however, patients showed a strong preference for a wrist-worn actigraphy sensor.

Conclusion
We identified DCMs for physical behavior and sleep that are relevant and meaningful to patients with SLE, measurable in a real-world environment with wearable sensors, and have the potential to aid personalized patient care.
The relationship between locomotion and hindlimb morphology in the leopard (Panthera pardus) using a geometric morphometric approach
Authors: Naidoo Riyanta , Iqbal Safiyyah 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Felid bone morphology is highly influenced by factors such as locomotion, body size, and foraging behaviour. Understanding how these factors influence bone morphology is important for interpreting the behaviour and ecology of such species. This study aimed to determine the extent to which Panthera pardus (i.e. leopard) hindlimb morphology differs from that of other Panthera species, particularly Panthera leo (i.e. lion). Landmark-based geometric morphometric analyses were used to compare 27 Panthera femurs in the anterior and posterior views, by the use of principal component analyses. Distinct clusters were found linking the Panthera species for both the anterior and posterior views, inferring a difference in the femur morphology of the species. The Procrustes ANOVA regression further showed a significant difference in the mean shape between the Panthera femurs, for both the anterior and posterior views. A clear relationship was found between femur morphology and body size, with leopards possessing a more gracile and elongated femur to support a smaller body mass and lions possessing a more robust and stunted femur to support a larger body mass. It was found that femur morphology also correlates with locomotive flexibility and hunting success in felids. Leopard femur morphology aids in speed and flexibility during hunting, as well as aids in propulsion that allows for arboreal locomotion. It was ultimately deduced that femur morphology differs between Panthera species, according to their mechanical demands during locomotion.
Examining factor structure and psychometric properties of Ethical Leadership Questionnaire with Healthcare Professionals in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aldhmadi Badr K. , Kumar Rakesh , Perera Bilesha , Algarni Mohammad 
Published: December 2024

Objective: The study aimed to examine the factor structure and psychometric properties of ethical leadership questionnaire (ELQ) by using a healthcare professional sample in Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, and a total of 387 healthcare professionals completed the 15-items ELQ questionnaire between 18 October, 2023 and 17 January, 2024. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and a reliability test were performed on the obtained data.
Results: It was found that the ELQ involved four factors including honesty (four items), integrity (four items), sets example (three items), and concern for values (four items). The study was able to explain 74.14% of the total variance. The model comparative fit index (CFI) was 0.952, the goodness-of-fit index (GFI) was 0.915, the standardized root mean squared residual (SRMR) was 0.0536, and the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) was 0.076. The reliability value was obtained by using Cronbach’s alpha, and the results of each subscale were higher than 0.80, which means they were deemed adequate and reliable. The results from these fit indices indicated that the four-factor model with EC offered the utmost fit.
Conclusion: The ELQ is a reliable and valid instrument that can be used on this population to determine employees’ perceptions of their leaders’ ethical behavior.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.1.10861
How to cite this: Aldhmadi BK, Kumar R, Perera B, Algarni MA. Examining factor structure and psychometric properties of Ethical Leadership Questionnaire with Healthcare Professionals in Saudi Arabia. Pak J Med Sci. 2025;41(1):101-106. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.1.10861
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
ANXIETY FACTOR IN ADOLESCENTS OF DIFFERENT POPULATION GROUPS OF SIBERIA WITH ALEXITHYMIA
Authors: Zaitseva Olga I. , Kolodyazhnaya Tatyana A. , Zaitseva Zhanna G. 
Published: December 2024

Data on the relationship between anxiety and alexithymia in adolescents from different population groups in Siberia are scarce and fragmentary.
Purpose. To study the factor of “anxiety” in adolescents of different population groups in Siberia with alexithymia, taking into account age and gender, ethnic origin and regional characteristics, and to establish relationships.
Materials and methods. Interviewing adolescents aged 11-18 years using the Toronto Alexithymic Scale (TAS-26) and the “Reactive and Personal Anxiety Scale” by Ch.D. Spielberger – Yu.L. Hanina.
Results. Among adolescents of different population groups in Siberia, the frequency of alexithymia in Khakass adolescents is 1.6 times higher in comparison with Caucasian adolescents of the Republic of Khakassia (RKh). Teenagers in Krasnoyarsk occupy an intermediate position. A characteristic sign of alexithymia in adolescents is a high level of anxiety, as evidenced by positive correlations between alexithymia and situational (r=0,47; p<0,001) and personal anxiety (r=0,56; p<0,001). Among all Caucasian adolescents with alexithymia, high situational anxiety is registered 2 times more often in Caucasian adolescents RKH. In terms of the development of a highly anxious alexithymic personality, girls are vulnerable, and by age - older teenagers.
Conclusion. Identification of highly anxious alexithymic individuals among practically healthy adolescents is necessary for the timely implementation of preventive measures of a psychological, pedagogical and medical plan, which will reduce the risk of psychosomatic disorders and deviant behavior.
THE EFFECT OF BACTERIAL BIOINSECTICIDE ON THE MORPHOFUNCTIONAL STATUS OF HEMOCYTES BLAPTICA DUBIA
Authors: Grebtsova Elena A. , Prisnyi Andrew A. 
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the research is to analyze changes in the total hemocyte count and structure of their population, to assess the indicators of phagocytic activity in Blaptica dubia treated with an insecticide based on Bacillus thuringiensis, var. thuringiensis.
Materials and methods. Quantitative studies of native hemocytes of adult Blaptica dubia using light microscopy were carried out. We determined phagocytic index and phagocytic number under conditions of bacterial load to evaluate the efficiency of foreign object absorption. The preparation Bitoxibacillin containing Bacillus thuringiensis, var. thuringiensis was selected as an insecticide.
Results. We analyzed the effect of bacterial insecticide on the population structure of adult Blaptica dubia hemocytes. The hemolymph of ten insect specimens was studied. Seven hemocytic types were identified in adults: prohemocytes, plasmatocytes, granulocytes, vermicytes, spherulocytes, coagulocytes and crescent cells. On the third day after treatment with the insecticide, an increase in young forms of plasmatocytes and a sharp decrease in the number of prohemocytes and spherulocytes were noted. In this day, vermicites were absent in all specimens. The phagocytic index reached 53,2%, and the average number of bacteria absorbed by one phagocyte was 14,6 s.u. By the tenth day, a further decrease in the number of prohemocytes were recorded and plasmatocytes reached the size typical of mature cells. The values of phagocytic index and phagocytic number significantly decreased to 41% and 8 s.u., respectively.
Pay, Pat, and Clawback: Incentivizing Service Providers’ Participation in On-Demand Digital Platforms
Authors: Yaraghi Niam , Ramesh Ramaswamy , Tayi Giri Kumar 
Published: December 2024

A critical governance challenge for on-demand digital platforms is to increase the participation of their service providers. In this research, we design novel incentive structures by taking the unique features of on-demand digital platforms into account. In 12 micro randomized trials conducted in partnership with a major on-demand digital platform, we examine how combining monetary with nonmonetary incentives and providing them within a loss-aversion framework could motivate service providers to increase their participation levels. We show that in on-demand platforms the nonmonetary incentives inhibit the impact of monetary incentives on service provider participation once they are offered together. Furthermore, in contrast to traditional work settings, offering incentives within a loss-aversion framework only increases the effectiveness of nonmonetary incentives. We provide theoretical explanations and empirical examinations for these counterintuitive results. The insights from this research could be used by on-demand digital platforms to effectively mobilize and sustain their service providers’ participation to meet real-time stochastic demand. This paper was accepted by Anindya Ghose, information systems. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.02603 .
Stability of the properties of an acousto-optical converter based on polyvinylidene fluoride films under external influence
Authors: Osipkov Alexey S. , Makeev Mstislav O. , Solodilov Vitaliy I. , Moiseev Konstantin M. , Mikhalev Pavel A. , Makarova Kamila T. , Emanov Danila P. , Parshin Bogdan A. , Khromova Mariia A. 
Published: December 2024

Subject of study. The study focuses on an acousto-optical modulator composed of a polyvinylidene fluoride film with transparent indium–tin oxide electrodes deposited on both surfaces. Aim of study. The aim is to analyze the stability of the mechanical, piezoelectric, and optical properties of the polyvinylidene fluoride film-based acousto-optical modulators with indium–tin oxide electrodes during manufacturing and operation at different temperatures. Method. In this method, the mechanical characteristics of samples under tension are measured along two directions (parallel and perpendicular to the drawing direction of the polyvinylidene fluoride film) at room temperature to perform a dynamic mechanical analysis under isothermal conditions and within a temperature range of 30°C–180°C. The piezoelectric coefficient d33 is measured, under temperature variation from −40∘C to +80∘C, using a charge-based method with pulsed force impact, and the transmittance is determined within the visible wavelength range from 380 nm to 780 nm to calculate the light transmission coefficient. Main results. An experimental measurement cell was created to measure the piezoelectric coefficient d33 across a wide temperature range. Mechanical test results for static and dynamic loading of the polyvinylidene fluoride film, both before and after the deposition of the indium–tin oxide electrodes, were obtained. Temperature dependencies of d33 for this structure were established from −40∘C to +80∘C, and the optical properties of the samples exposed to low and high temperatures were documented. Practical significance. Based on these findings, recommendations for the operating and storage conditions of acousto-optic devices incorporating the studied structures, along with guidelines for manufacturing, are presented.
Research progress on zirconium alloys: applications, development trend, and degradation mechanism in nuclear environment
Authors: Okonkwo Bright O. , Li Zimin , Li Li , Wang Jianqiu , Han En-Hou 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this paper, the research progress of zirconium (Zr) alloys is critically reviewed from the aspects of application, development status, and degradation mechanism in a nuclear environment. The review focused on the application of Zr alloys in the nuclear industry, which are widely used due to their low thermal neutron absorption, good corrosion resistance, and excellent mechanical properties. However, with the increasing requirements in the chemical and medical fields, the application of Zr alloys in these non-nuclear fields is growing due to their excellent properties like good corrosion resistance and low thermal expansion coefficient, as summarized in this review. Additionally, the degradation mechanisms of Zr alloy exposed to a corrosive environment, i.e., corrosion and hydrogen uptake, and the role of alloying selection in minimizing these two phenomena is considered in this review, based on pretransition kinetics and the loss of oxide protectiveness at transition. This is corroborated by the discussion on alloying elements with beneficial and detrimental effects on the corrosion performance of Zr alloys, as well as elements with contradicting effects on Zr alloys corrosion performance owing to the discrepancies in literature. Overall, this review can be leveraged in future alloy design to further improve Zr alloys corrosion resistance in nuclear applications, thus ultimately improving their integrity.
Exploring a new method for high-performance TPSiV preparation through innovative Si–H/Pt curing system in VSR/TPU blends
Authors: Shi Shujuan , Cui Haipeng , Tian Hongchi , Zhang Shijia , Zhao Yanfang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article explores the positive impact of a homemade polyurethane block copolymer (PDMS-PU) compatibilizer on silicone rubber/polyurethane (VSR/TPU) systems. A novel method for preparing silicone thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPSiV) materials is introduced, using a hydrogenated silicone oil/platinum (Si–H/Pt) catalytic vulcanization system. This involves high-temperature premixing of VSR, Si–H, and TPU, followed by adding diallyl maleate (DAM) inhibitor and Pt catalyst during the cold roller stage. This method prevents premature cross-linking and ensures thorough mixing and interaction between VSR and TPU. The TPSiV material produced demonstrates high tensile strength (TS, 6.5 MPa), exceptional elongation at break (EB, 500%), good shape stability, stable viscosity under high temperature and shear conditions, excellent low-temperature resistance, and superior damping properties. This innovative preparation method offers significant insights and practical guidance for developing high-performance thermoplastic vulcanizates.
Trends and variations in admissions for cannabis use disorder among pregnant women in United States
Authors: Mejia Maria C. , Sacca Lea , Ferris Allison H. , Hennekens Charles H. , Kitsantas Panagiota 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Cannabis use disorder (CUD) among pregnant women is increasing, yet limited information exists on admissions for treatment in this population. This study examined trends in CUD admissions among pregnant women in publicly funded U.S. treatment facilities from 2000 to 2021.

Methods
Using the Treatment Episode Data Set-Admissions, we analyzed 33,729 admissions of pregnant women with CUD. Descriptive statistics were used to assess patterns by race/ethnicity, age, and co-substance use.

Results
CUD admissions increased 2.7-fold, from 2.3 % in 2000 to 6.2 % in 2009, followed by a decrease to 4.3 % in 2014, a peak of 6.7 % in 2018, and a decline to 3.0 % in 2021. In 2021, racial/ethnic disparities were noted, with higher proportions of admissions among White (48.8 %) and Black (32.5 %) non-Hispanic women compared to Hispanic women (9.6 %). Admissions decreased for women aged ≤20 years old (y/o), but increased for women aged ≥30 y/o from 2010 to 2021, with the highest prevalence in those aged 21–29 y/o. Co-substance use, particularly narcotics, stimulants, depressants, and hallucinogens, was prevalent from 2017 to 2021.

Conclusions
CUD admissions among pregnant women have fluctuated over two decades, with variations by race/ethnicity and age. These findings highlight the need for tailored interventions and ongoing adaptation of treatment services for pregnant women with CUD.
15-15Ti cladding behavior during a RIA type event in TRIGA reactor
Authors: Roman Mihaela R. , Ionescu Dragos V. , Man Ion , Radu Vasile , Boer Brian , Delville Remi , Dupleac Daniel 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Pellet cladding mechanical interaction (PCMI) is a potential failure mechanism for fuel claddings during a Reactivity Initiated Accident (RIA) type event, thus preventing failure of the cladding material during transient conditions is considered one of the primary safety criteria to ensure fuel element integrity. Eight irradiation experiments aimed to validate the experimental setup and test methodology developed in the frame of the MAXSIMA (Methodology, Analysis and eXperiments for the Safety In MYRRHA Assessment) project have been carried out in the Annular Core Pulse Reactor (ACPR) TRIGA core at Technologies for Nuclear Energy State Owned Company (RATEN) – Institute for Nuclear Research (ICN), Pitesti, Romania. Cladding damage due to PCMI in terms of cladding mechanical strain was measured. In Partitioning And Transmuter Research Initiative in a Collaborative Innovation Action (PATRICIA) Project, a work package, is dedicated to obtaining and processing information from fuel segments exposed to power transient during the abovementioned experiments. This paper includes the results of TRANSURANUS and ANSYS thermo-mechanical modelling of one experimental fuel element, consisting in UO2 with a higher enrichment of about 18 % 235U and 15-15Ti clad, surrounded by lead bismuth eutectic (LBE). The selected fuel element was exposed in a double pulse test. The results are discussed concerning both fuel and cladding performance and compared with available experimental data and gave positive indications about Multi-purpose hYbrid Research Reactor for High-tech Applications (MYRRHA) type fuel element behavior under RIA conditions.
Biomedical applications of organoids in genetic diseases
Authors: Huang Wenhua , Jeong Seogsong , Kim Won , Chen Lei 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Organoid technology has significantly transformed biomedical research by providing exceptional prospects for modeling human tissues and disorders in a laboratory setting. It has significant potential for understanding the intricate relationship between genetic mutations, cellular phenotypes, and disease pathology, especially in the field of genetic diseases. The intersection of organoid technology and genetic research offers great promise for comprehending the pathophysiology of genetic diseases and creating innovative treatment approaches customized for specific patients. This review aimed to present a thorough analysis of the current advancements in organoid technology and its biomedical applications for genetic diseases. We examined techniques for modeling genetic disorders using organoid platforms, analyze the approaches for incorporating genetic disease organoids into clinical practice, and showcase current breakthroughs in preclinical application, individualized healthcare, and transplantation. Through the integration of knowledge from several disciplines, such as genetics, regenerative medicine, and biological engineering, our aim is to enhance our comprehension of the complex connection between genetic variations and organoid models in relation to human health and disease.
Emerging boron nitride nanosheets: A review on synthesis, corrosion resistance coatings, and their impacts on the environment and health
Authors: Mehdi Syed Muhammad Zain , Maqsood Muhammad Faheem , Dahshan Alaa , Ahmad Shahbaz , Ur Rehman Muneeb , Lee Naesung , Rehman Malik Abdul , Khan Muhammad Farooq 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) coatings to enhance the corrosion resistance of metals as well as evaluate their crucial toxicological impacts on both the environment and human health. Organic coatings are extensively applied in the field of protecting metals against corrosion. They are preferred as corrosion inhibitors due to their carbonyl and hydroxyl group content, but they have drawbacks regarding brittleness, porosity, and oxidation susceptibility. In this review, we mainly focused on the synthesis, properties, and applications of hBN coatings and emphasized the way to improve corrosion resistance in metals and alloys. Furthermore, our discussion demonstrated that the boron nitride nanosheet (BNNS) coatings significantly improve corrosion resistance, hydrophobicity, and crack mitigation properties. The researchers achieved reduced coating porosity and enhanced protection against corrosive media by effectively dispersing BNNS in organic resin. This study also determines the protective mechanism of BNNS composite coatings against corrosion. Moreover, we addressed the impact of BBNS synthesis and its physicochemical properties on the environment and organisms. Finally, suggestions are made for future research and the sustainability of industrial use to broaden the scope of applications for BNNS composite coating.
Heat Exposure and Birth Weight
Authors: Le Kien 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In light of the anticipated rise in global temperatures, our study underscores the implications of climate change, particularly global warming, on early human health. Employing a regression framework and analyzing data from 50 developing countries, our investigation, featuring between-sibling comparisons, reveals a 0.333-g or 0.011 % reduction in a child’s weight at birth with each additional day where the maximum temperature exceeds 35 degrees Celsius during the prenatal period. Notably, the adverse effects are pronounced in the second trimester, with each extra day of temperatures surpassing 35 degrees Celsius associated with a 0.433-g or 0.014 % reduction in birth weight. Advocating for global initiatives, we stress the urgency of policy interventions to safeguard pregnant women and addressing the potential long-term impact of climate change on human development.