bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maximal independent sets in bipartite graphs with at least one cycle
Authors: Li Shuchao , Zhang Huihui , Zhang Xiaoyan 
Published: August 2021

Graph Theory
A maximal independent set is an independent set that is not a proper subset of any other independent set. Liu [J.Q. Liu, Maximal independent sets of bipartite graphs, J. Graph Theory, 17 (4) (1993) 495-507] determined the largest number of maximal independent sets among all n-vertex bipartite graphs. The corresponding extremal graphs are forests. It is natural and interesting for us to consider this problem on bipartite graphs with cycles. Let \mathscrBₙ (resp. \mathscrBₙ') be the set of all n-vertex bipartite graphs with at least one cycle for even (resp. odd) n. In this paper, the largest number of maximal independent sets of graphs in \mathscrBₙ (resp. \mathscrBₙ') is considered. Among \mathscrBₙ the disconnected graphs with the first-, second-, \ldots, \fracn-22-th largest number of maximal independent sets are characterized, while the connected graphs in \mathscrBₙ having the largest, the second largest number of maximal independent sets are determined. Among \mathscrBₙ' graphs have the largest number of maximal independent sets are identified.
Improved bounds on the crossing number of butterfly network
Authors: Manuel Paul D. , Rajan Bharati , Rajasingh Indra , Beulah P. Vasanthi 
Published: August 2021

Graph Theory
We draw the r-dimensional butterfly network with 1 / 44r+O(r2r) crossings which improves the previous estimate given by Cimikowski (1996). We also give a lower bound which matches the upper bound obtained in this paper.
On the connectedness and diameter of a geometric Johnson graph
Authors: Bautista-Santiago Crevel , Cano Javier , Fabila-Monroy Ruy , Flores-Peñaloza David , González-Aguilar Hernàn , Lara Dolores , Sarmiento Eliseo , Urrutia Jorge 
Published: August 2021

Combinatorics
Let P be a set of n points in general position in the plane. A subset I of P is called an island if there exists a convex set C such that I = P \C. In this paper we define the generalized island Johnson graph of P as the graph whose vertex consists of all islands of P of cardinality k, two of which are adjacent if their intersection consists of exactly l elements. We show that for large enough values of n, this graph is connected, and give upper and lower bounds on its diameter.
1-local 33/24-competitive Algorithm for Multicoloring Hexagonal Graphs
Authors: Witkowski Rafal , Žerovnik Janez 
Published: August 2021

Graph Theory
In the frequency allocation problem, we are given a cellular telephone network whose geographical coverage area is divided into cells, where phone calls are serviced by assigned frequencies, so that none of the pairs of calls emanating from the same or neighboring cells is assigned the same frequency. The problem is to use the frequencies efficiently, i.e. minimize the span of frequencies used. The frequency allocation problem can be regarded as a multicoloring problem on a weighted hexagonal graph, where each vertex knows its position in the graph. We present a 1-local 33/24-competitive distributed algorithm for multicoloring a hexagonal graph, thereby improving the previous 1-local 7/5-competitive algorithm.
The resolving number of a graph Delia
Authors: Garijo Delia , González Antonio , Márquez Alberto 
Published: August 2021

Graph Theory
We study a graph parameter related to resolving sets and metric dimension, namely the resolving number, introduced by Chartrand, Poisson and Zhang. First, we establish an important difference between the two parameters: while computing the metric dimension of an arbitrary graph is known to be NP-hard, we show that the resolving number can be computed in polynomial time. We then relate the resolving number to classical graph parameters: diameter, girth, clique number, order and maximum degree. With these relations in hand, we characterize the graphs with resolving number 3 extending other studies that provide characterizations for smaller resolving number.
Two player game variant of the Erd\H os-Szekeres problem
Authors: Kolipaka Parikshit , Govindarajan Sathish 
Published: August 2021

Combinatorics
The classical Erd˝os-Szekeres theorem states that a convex k-gon exists in every sufficiently large point set. This problem has been well studied and finding tight asymptotic bounds is considered a challenging open problem. Several variants of the Erd˝os-Szekeres problem have been posed and studied in the last two decades. The well studied variants include the empty convex k-gon problem, convex k-gon with specified number of interior points and the chromatic variant. In this paper, we introduce the following two player game variant of the Erdös-Szekeres problem: Consider a two player game where each player playing in alternate turns, place points in the plane. The objective of the game is to avoid the formation of the convex k-gon among the placed points. The game ends when a convex k-gon is formed and the player who placed the last point loses the game. In our paper we show a winning strategy for the player who plays second in the convex 5-gon game and the empty convex 5-gon game by considering convex layer configurations at each step. We prove that the game always ends in the 9th step by showing that the game reaches a specific set of configurations
Krausz dimension and its generalizations in special graph classes
Authors: Glebova Olga , Metelsky Yury , Skums Pavel 
Published: August 2021

Graph Theory
A Krausz (k,m)-partition of a graph G is a decomposition of G into cliques, such that any vertex belongs to at most k cliques and any two cliques have at most m vertices in common. The m-Krausz dimension kdimm(G) of the graph G is the minimum number k such that G has a Krausz (k,m)-partition. In particular, 1-Krausz dimension or simply Krausz dimension kdim(G) is a well-known graph-theoretical parameter. In this paper we prove that the problem "kdim(G)≤3" is polynomially solvable for chordal graphs, thus partially solving the open problem of P. Hlineny and J. Kratochvil. We solve another open problem of P. Hlineny and J. Kratochvil by proving that the problem of finding Krausz dimension is NP-hard for split graphs and complements of bipartite graphs. We show that the problem of finding m-Krausz dimension is NP-hard for every m≥1, but the problem "kdimm(G)≤k" is is fixed-parameter tractable when parameterized by k and m for (∞,1)-polar graphs. Moreover, the class of (∞,1)-polar graphs with kdimm(G)≤k is characterized by a finite list of forbidden induced subgraphs for every k,m≥1.
List edge and list total colorings of planar graphs without non-induced 7-cycles
Authors: Dong Aijun , Liu Guizhen , Li Guojun 
Published: August 2021

Graphs and Algorithms
Giving a planar graph G, let χ'l(G) and χ''l(G) denote the list edge chromatic number and list total chromatic number of G respectively. It is proved that if G is a planar graph without non-induced 7-cycles, then χ'l(G)≤Δ(G)+1 and χ''l(G)≤Δ(G)+2 where Δ(G)≥7.
The b-chromatic number of powers of cycles
Authors: Kohl Anja 
Published: August 2021

Graph Theory
A b-coloring of a graph G by k colors is a proper vertex coloring such that each color class contains a color-dominating vertex, that is, a vertex having neighbors in all other k-1 color classes. The b-chromatic number χb(G) is the maximum integer k for which G has a b-coloring by k colors. Let Cnr be the rth power of a cycle of order n. In 2003, Effantin and Kheddouci established the b-chromatic number χb(Cnr) for all values of n and r, except for 2r+3≤n≤3r. For the missing cases they presented the lower bound L:= min n-r-1,r+1+⌊ n-r-1 / 3⌋ and conjectured that χb(Cnr)=L. In this paper, we determine the exact value on χb(Cnr) for the missing cases. It turns out that χb(Cnr)>L for 2r+3≤n≤2r+3+r-6 / 4.
Cervical Insufficiency and Cerclage Treatment of Pregnant Syrian Refugees
Authors: Kayar İlkan , Serin Aliye Nigar , Birge Özer 
Published: August 2021

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the cervical cerclage treatment among the Syrian refugees with cervical insufficiency.
Material and Methods: Retrospective data of 42 Syrian pregnant women who had cervical cerclage suture due to cervical insufficiency between 2015 and 2017 scanned and analyzed with SPSS 22.
Results: The mean age of the cases included in the study was 27.4±6.8. 12 cases (28.6%) had spontaneous pregnancy losses twice in the 2nd trimester. 24 cases (57.1%) gave birth via spontaneous vaginal delivery, whereas 18 cases (42.9%) gave birth via cesarean section. A statistically significant difference was determined between pre-cerclage and post-cerclage cervical length. Whilst no difference was detected in pre-cerclage cervical length for deliveries at week 37, a significant difference was detected in post-cerclage length.
Conclusıon: Increased miscarriages and second-trimester pregnancy losses seen in the first years of the war especially due to the use of chemical weapons and the stress suffered thereafter as well as the increased reproductive interest after the war bring together a greater desire for a healthy pregnancy and delivery. We believe that cervical-length measurement using transvaginal sonography during post-cerclage checks is important and that measurement of a cervical length equal to or above 30 mm may increase the probability of term delivery and decrease maternal, and most importantly, neonatal complications associated with preterm labor.
False Endometrial Thickening in Postmenopausal Patients Using Anticoagulants or Antiplatelets Agents
Authors: Ata Nahit , Kulhan Nur Gözde 
Published: August 2021

Objective
There is no report that anticoagulant or antiplatelet use may lead to abnormal endometrial sonographic findings. This retrospective study reports our first results associated with endometrial sampling in asymptomatic postmenopausal women using anticoagulants or antiplatelet.
Materials methods
A total of 268 postmenopausal patients who applied to our gynecology outpatient clinic for any reasons except postmenopausal bleeding were included in the study. Patients were divided into three groups according to using drug status: first healty control group [HCG], second anticoagulants agents group [ACG], and third antiplatelet agents group [APG]. The effects of anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents on endometrial thickness were compared with histopathological findings.
Results
The mean endometrial thickness was significantly greater in group ACG [5.2 mm] and APG [4.1 m] than in group HCG [3.3 mm]. No significant differences were found in the mean endometrial thickness between groups HCG and APG. However, it is noteworthy that the average endomeric thickness in the ACG group is more than the other two groups and this is statistically significant [p < 0.05].

Conclusion
If the thickness of the endometrium was > 4 mm. endometrial sampling may be recommended in in asymptomatic postmenopausal women using anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents.
Farmer Share Analysis of Tuna Fishermen in Gorontalo City, Indonesia
Authors: Lesman Fa'ana  , Lis M Yapanto  
Published: August 2021

This research was conducted in Tanjung Kramat Village, Hulonthalangi District, Gorontalo City, Gorontalo Province. This study aims to determine the value of tuna fisherman's farmer share and to determine the marketing channels of tuna in Tanjung Kramat Village. The results showed that the marketing channels for tuna fishers in Tanjung Kramat Village were 2 channels. Channel I is Fishermen –CamarLaut Company– Consumer Countries (Singapore, Malaysia, and Japan) channel II Fishermen - collectors - exporters CV. Baris Tuna Anugerah Gorontalo – Consumer Countries (Singapore, Malaysia, and Japan). The value of farmer share in the channel I gets the value of farmer share which is adjusted to the quality criteria of fish, there is quality A getting farmer share as much as 33% while on AC quality there is farmer share as much as 41% and quality C there is farmer share as much as 36% While in channel II the value of farmer share with fishermen to collectors according to the quality of the fish. In quality A, the farmer share value obtained is 90%, AC quality is 82% and C quality is 75%, while the farmer share value for collectors is to CV. Tuna Anugerah line that is adjusted to the quality of the fish. Quality A gets a farmer share value of 30% and AC quality gets 26% and quality C gets a farmer share value of 26%.
PENGARUH INTERAKSI ANTARA TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT DENGAN SISTEM PENGUKURAN KINERJA DALAM SISTEM PENGHARGAAN TERHADAP KINERJA MANAJERIAL (Studi Empiris pada Telkom Sumatera Utara)
Authors: Limbong Nimrod 
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguii pengaruh variable system pengukuran, sistem penghargaan, TQM, interaksi TQM dengan sistem pengukuran kinerja dan interaksi TQM dengan sistem penghargaan terhadap kinerja managerial PT. Telkom Sumatera Utara, penelitian ini merupakan replikasi dari penelitian Narsa dan Yuniawati (2013), Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain survey. Responden adalah senior manajer dan staf dengan sampel berjumlah 54 orang dari total populasi 90 orang. Teknik analisis data untuk menguji hipotesis adalah regresi linier berganda. Hasil pengujian menyatakan bahwa gagal menolak Ho5, artinya interaksi sistem penghargaan (X2) dengan TQM (X3) pengaruhnya tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja manajerial. Sedangkan lima hipotesis lainnya terbukti.

Kata kunci: TQM, sistem pengukuran kinerja, sistem penghargaan ,dan kinerja
manajerial.
KUTSALLA İLETİŞİMİN BİR UNSURU OLARAK KURBAN (Sinemilli Aleviler Örneğinde)
Authors: KIYAK Abdulkadir 
Published: August 2021

İnsanın diğer varlıklardan ayırıcı kılan en önemli özellikleri bedeni tabiatı yanında akıl ve duyu sahibi bir varlık olmasıdır. Böyle bir fıtrata sahip olan insan hayati fonksiyonlarını sürdürmek için bedeni ihtiyaçlarını karşılamakla yetinmemiştir. Aynı zamanda kendi varlığının bilincine varmış ve hayatının her aşamasında kutsal bir varlığa inanma ve sığınma ihtiyacı duymuştur. Bu inanma duyusu onun “dindar insan” kimliğini kazanmasında temel etken olmuştur. Dindar bir varlık olması neticesinde insan, inandığı kutsal varlıklarla iletişim kurma, onlara yakın olma ve onların kutsiyetinden faydalanma ihtiyacını hissetmiştir. Bu ihtiyaçlar doğrultusunda insanın kutsalla iletişimini sağlaması ise inandığı dinin öngördüğü ibadetler yoluyla gerçekleşmektedir. Çünkü ibadetin özünde kutsal varlıklara yönelik inanç yatmaktadır. İnsanın kutsal varlık veya varlıklar ile iletişimini sağlayan en önemli bir ibadet türü de kurban ibadetidir.
Tarihi süreç içerisinde insanlık tarihi kadar köklü bir maziye sahip olan kurban, hemen hemen bütün dinlerde ve kültürlerde varlığını sürdüren önemli bir ibadet ritüelidir. Kurban, hem ferdi hem de toplumsal boyutu olan bir ibadettir. Kişi kurban ibadetiyle hem inandığı kutsal varlığa karşı kulluk bilincini ortaya koymakta hem de kurbanını ihtiyaç sahiplerine ulaştırarak toplumsal vahdaniyyetin oluşmasına katkı sağlamaktadır. Bu düşünceden hareketle bu çalışmada, Anadolu Aleviliğinin önemli bir kesimini oluşturan Sinemilli Alevilerde kurban ibadeti ile ilgili inanışlar üzerinde durulacaktır. Bu inanışların Dinler Tarihi açısından değerlendirilmesi yapılacaktır.
HİNT DİNLERİNDE GÜNAH ALGISI
Authors: GÜVEN Hilal , KIYAK Abdulkadir 
Published: August 2021

İnsanın varoluşuyla birlikte ortaya çıkan günah kavramı tarih boyunca yaşamış ve hala yaşayan toplumlarda insan hayatının önemli bir konusu olmuş ve üzerinde önemle durulan bir olgu haline gelmiştir. Özellikle tüm insanların yaşamını ilgilendiren günah konusunda dinler, günahın insana zarar veren tehlikeli boyutunu vurgulayarak inananlarını günaha karşı uyarmıştır. Yine hemen hemen bütün inançlarda insanın işleyebilme kabiliyetinde olduğu günah, kutsala karşı işlenmiş suç, ilahi emir ve yasakların ihlali, bireysel ve toplumsal düzenin bozulmasına yönelik bir davranış olarak kabul edilmiştir. Ancak günahın tanımı, kaynağı ve insan üzerindeki etkileri her dinde farklılık göstermektedir. Her dinsel geleneğin kendi teolojik yapısına uygun şekilde bir günah algısı bulunmaktadır.
Kendini daha çok kurtuluş dini olarak tanıtan Hint dinlerinde insanın sürekli varoluş döngüsünden/samsaradan kurtulması ve özgürleşmesi her zaman için önemli bir konu olmuştur. Ancak insana acı veren bu samsara döngüsünden kurtulmak için insanın uyması gereken bazı kural ve yasaklamalar vardır. Hint dinlerinin temelinde kişinin dünya hayatına bağlılığının nedeni olan cehaletten ve kendi öz varlığını fark ederek karma-samsara döngüsünden kurtulma amacı bulunur. Bu sebeple insanın günahtan uzak, ahlaklı ve erdemli bir hayat sürmesi gerekmektedir. Hint dinlerinde, yaşanılan dünya hayatında yapılan günahlar gelecek hayatı, geçmişte yapılan günahlar ise yaşanılan hayatı (acıya ve sürekli yeniden bedenlenmeye sebep olduğundan) olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu durumda, Hint dinlerine göre kurtuluş, genel olarak fiziksel yollarla giderilebilecek maddi bir kirlilik olarak kabul edilen günahtan kaçınarak sağlanabilir.
Bu makalede Hint dinlerinde görülen günah algısı ve günahtan kurtuluş için önerilen yöntemlerin neler olduğu incelenmektedir. Aynı zamanda bu makale Hint dinlerindeki günah anlayışının yansımalarını teolojik yapılarına uygun bir şekilde saptayarak bu konuda katkı sunmayı amaçlamaktadır.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN REMAJA PUTRI TENTANG KEPUTIHAN DENGAN PERILAKU HYGIENITAS GENETALIA
Authors: Luluk Luluk susiloningtyas 
Published: August 2021

Di Indonesia, wanita yang mengalami keputihan sebanyak 75%, sebagian besar 50% terjadi pada remaja, 25 % pada Wanita Usia Subur (WUS). Keputihan pada remaja biasanya terjadi sebelum dan sesudah menstruasi yang bersifat fisiologis. Bila perilaku perawatan hygienitas genetalia tidak baik, bisa dimungkinkan menjadi penyebab keputihan patologis yang menimbulkan rasa tidak nyaman dan jangka waktu lama bisa menyebabkan infeksi pada panggul dan infertilitas. Salah satu faktor penghambat berperilaku sehat adalah kurangnya pengetahuan dan kesadaran individu tentang hygienitas genetalia termasuk pencegahan dan penanganan keputihan. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan remaja putri tentang keputihan dengan perilaku hygienitas genetalia di SMP Negeri 1 Pare Kediri.
Desain penelitian yang digunakan analitik korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah siswi yang sudah pernah menstruasi di SMPN 1 Pare berjumlah 38 siswi. Teknik sampling yang digunakan Simple Random Sampling. Instrumen penelitian pengetahuan remaja putri tentang keputihan dengan kuesioner dengan skala ordinal dan perilaku hygienitas genetalia menggunakan kuesioner dengan skala ordinal. Analisa data menggunakan Uji Spearman Rank.
Hasil penelitian dari 38 responden sebagian besar pengetahuan cukup 19 responden (50 %) dan perilaku hygienitas genetalianya sebagian besar baik 29 responden (50%). Ada hubungan pengetahuan remaja putri tentang keputihan dengan perilaku hygienitas genetalia dengan hasil uji signifikasi p<α , dengan Korelasi Spearman (r) = 0,780 dengan tingkat hubungan positif, tingkat hubungannya kuat artinya semakin baik pengetahuan maka semakin baik perilaku hygienitas genetalianya
Rekomendasi penelitian untuk remaja putri diharapkan menambah pengetahuan tentang kesehatan reproduksi terutama tentang hygienitas genetalia.

Kata Kunci : Pengetahuan, Perilaku Higienitas Genetalia, Remaja Putri
FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI RENTANG WAKTU PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN KELUARGA UNTUK MEMBAWA PENDERITA STROKE KE RUMAH SAKIT
Authors: Kusnul Zauhani 
Published: August 2021

Keberadaan keluarga sudah dipahami secara umum memiliki peran yang penting. Peran penting keluarga meliputi hampir semua aspek kehidupan, termasuk dalam masalah kesehatan. Keluarga adalah orang yang pertama kali mengetahui adanya masalah kesehatan dan mengambil keputusan terkait tindakan yang akan dilakukan. Rentang waktu pengambilan keputusan untuk membawa penderita stroke ke rumah sakit menjadi titik kritis dalam keberhasilan penanganan penderita stroke. Penelitian ini bertujuan meneliti apa sajakah faktor yang mempengaruhi rentang waktu pengambilan keputusan keluarga untuk membawa penderita stroke ke rumah sakit, dimana stroke merupakan masalah kesehatan yang membutuhkan pengambilan keputusan dan tindakan cepat dan tepat. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama 4 bulan, dari bulan mei-agustus di rumah sakit Kabupaten Kediri. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara wawancara terstruktur dengan panduan kuesioner. Variabel dependen dalam penelitian ini adalah rentang waktu pengambilan keputusan keluarga untuk membawa penderita stroke ke rumah sakit, sedangkan variabel independennya meliputi; umur, pendidikan, kepemilikan asuransi kesehatan, keyakinan tentang penanganan penyakit stroke, dan persepsi tentang keputusan membawa penderita stroke ke rumah sakit. Selama rentang waktu dalam penelitian ini didapatkan sebanyak 127 penderita stroke. Dengan uji chi-square SPSS 18 didapatkan bahwa usia, pendidikan, dan kepemilikan asuransi kesehatan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap rentang waktu pengambilan keputusan, sedangkan keyakinan tentang penanganan penyakit stroke, dan persepsi tentang keputusan membawa penderita stroke ke rumah sakit didapatkan memiliki pengaruh signifikan dengan rentang waktu pengambilan keputusan keluarga untuk membawa penderita stroke ke rumah sakit. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa faktor keyakinan dan persepsi merupakan faktor yang secara positif mempengaruhi rentang waktu pengambilan keputusan keluarga untuk membawa penderita stroke ke rumah sakit.