bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
US-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology of Para-Aortic Lymph Nods Metastasis in Uterine Cervical Cancer: Accuracy and Impact on Clinical Decision Making
Authors: Liu Junping , Liu Xin , Guo Zhengying , Lv Xiaojuan , Mao Weimin , Xu Dong , Wang Lijing 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objective: To investigate whether ultrasound guided fine-needle aspiration cytology(US-FNAC) is an effective technique for diagnosing para-aortic lymph nodes(PALNs) metastasis in uterine cervical cancer and access the impact on clinical therapeutic decision. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 92 patients with PALN enlargement in cervical cancer between 2010 and 2018. The US-FNAC cytological results were classified by the same experienced cellular pathologists. The diagnostic indicators were calculated according to biopsy , imaging and clinical follow-up results. Univariate and multivariate analysis was used to analyze the differences of influencing factors. The effect of US-FNAC on clinical decision making was evaluated. Results: The results of cytological diagnosis by US-FNAC were categorized as malignancy(n=62;67.4%), suspicious malignancy(n=11;12.0%), undetermined(n=5;5.4%), benign (n=10;10.9%), and inadequacy(n=4;4.3%). The satisfactory biopsy samples were obtained from 95.7% of PLANs (88/92). The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of FNAC in distinguishing benign from malignant were 90.1%(95%CI:0.809-0.953), 100%(95%CI:0.561-1), 100%(95%CI:0.938-1), 46.7%(95%CI:0.223-0.726) and 90.9%(95%CI:0.848-0.970) respectively. Univariate analysis indicated that experience of the puncture physicians(radiologists) was significant differences between the correct diagnosis group and wrong diagnosis group (P<0.05); the experience was confirmed as independent predictor of diagnostic accuracy by multivariate analysis (p=0.031,OR=0.077,95%CI:0.354-0.919). All patients tolerated the US-FNAC procedure well and only nine patients presented slight abdominal discomfort. Through US-FNAC technique, the therapeutic methods of 74 patients (80.4%) were subjected to affect.Conclusions: US-FNAC is a relatively safe and effective examination technique for enlarged para-aortic lymph nodes, which can be considered as a routine examination before treatment of cervical cancer to guide clinical decision-making.
Highly sensitive refractive index sensor by floating nano-particles in the solution for the detection of glucose/fructose concentration
Authors: Bahador Hamid , Heidarzadeh Hamid 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this research, an optimum design for better usage of field resonance was proposed. More interaction of the field that formed around nano-particles with a solution which has refractive index variations substantially can increase the sensitivity of the plasmonic biosensors. More interaction could be provided by floating nano-particles in the solution. The proposed structure, which has peak plasmonic resonance, has better light sensing features in comparison to similar non-floating structures. While without floating nano-particle, sensitivity is 265.8 nm/RIU with the realization of the full floating nano-particles, the sensitivity of the structure with elliptic disc and circular disc nano-particles are 574.2 nm/RIU and 425 nm/RIU, respectively. FWHM (Full width at half maximum) of the structure with elliptic disc and circular disc nano-particles are 57.4 nm and 49.4 nm, respectively. In presence of meshed SiO2 network and pseudo-floating form, sensitivity and FWHM of the structure are 504 nm/RIU and 58.4 nm for elliptic discs and 372 nm/RIU and 49.9 nm for circular discs, respectively.
IL-1β and HMGB1 are anti-neurogenic to endogenous neural stem cells in the sclerotic epileptic human hippocampus
Authors: Zaben Malik , Haan Niels , Sharouf Feras , Ahmed Aminul , Sundstrom Lars , Gray William 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: The dentate gyrus exhibits life-long neurogenesis of granule-cell neurons, supporting hippocampal dependent learning and memory. Both temporal lobe epilepsy patients and animal models frequently have hippocampal-dependent learning and memory difficulties and show evidence of reduced neurogenesis. Animal and human temporal lobe epilepsy studies have also shown strong innate immune system activation, which in animal models reduces hippocampal neurogenesis. We sought to determine if and how neuroinflammation signals reduced neurogenesis in the epileptic human hippocampus and its potential reversibility.Methods: We isolated endogenous neural stem cells from surgically resected hippocampal tissue in 15 patients with unilateral hippocampal sclerosis. We examined resultant neurogenesis after growing them either as neurospheres in an ideal environment, in 3D cultures which preserved the inflammatory microenvironment and/or in 2D cultures which mimicked it.Results: 3D human hippocampal cultures largely replicated the cellular composition and inflammatory environment of the epileptic hippocampus. The microenvironment of sclerotic human epileptic hippocampal tissue is strongly anti-neurogenic, with sustained release of the proinflammatory proteins HMGB1 and IL-1β. IL-1β and HMGB1 significantly reduce human hippocampal neurogenesis and blockade of their IL-1R and TLR 2/4 receptors by IL1Ra and Box-A respectively, significantly restores neurogenesis in 2D and 3D culture. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate a HMGB1 and IL-1β-mediated environmental anti- neurogenic effect in human TLE, identifying both the IL-1R and TLR 2/4 receptors as potential drug targets for restoring human hippocampal neurogenesis in temporal lobe epilepsy.
Identification of Bioactive Phytochemicals from Six Forest Plants: Insights into the Mechanistic Inhibition of Rumen Protozoa, Ammoniagenesis, and Α-Glucosidase
Authors: Ayemele Aurele Gnetegha , Ma Lu , Li Xiumei , Yang Peilong , Xu Jianchu , Yu Zhongtang , Bu Dengpan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Rumen protozoa have a little contribution to the feed digestibility but Entodinium, the most predominant genus, is unfortunately culprit of the nitrogen utilization inefficiency. To bridge the gap, antibiotics have been used to inhibit the rumen protozoa but unfortunately, due to the health concern, this could not be really applied at the farm level, especially in the organic farms where the use of natural plants is an utmost priority. Therefore, our study aimed at investigating the nutritional and functional properties of six forest plants for their potential as feed additives in animal husbandry. The plants were analyzed for major phytochemicals using reversed phase-HPLC analysis and then evaluated for their in-vitro suppressing effect on rumen protozoa, ammoniagenesis, and microbial α-glucosidase activity. For each plant, four doses (0, 0.7, 0.9, and 1.1 mg/mL culture fluid) displayed in a complete randomized design were used. Quercetin, anthraquinone, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid, astragaloside, and myricetin were found to different extent (P ≤ 0.05) in the plant leaves. All the tested plants reduced total rumen protozoa counts but C. gigantea and B. rapa had the most inhibitory effect (P ≤ 0.05), inhibiting the rumen protozoa by 45.6 and 65.7%, respectively, at the dose of 1.1 mg/mL. Moreover, the scanning electron microscopy revealed the mechanistic disruption of the extracellular membrane of the protozoa, indicating their metabolic death pathway. Only C. gigantea inhibited the rumen protozoa in a proportion that also led to the reduction of the wasteful ammonia production (P ≤ 0.05). Besides, A. digitata and F. macrophylla have the higher inhibition rate (70%) of the microbial α-glucosidase activity at 100 µg/mL of crude extract. Overall, the plants showed promising results as functional feed additives although future research on bio-guided fractionation is needed to accurately identify the pure anti-protozoal bioactive compound(s).
Integrative Analysis Reveals the Prognostic Value and Functions of Splicing Factors Implicated in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Yue , Yang Fan , Shang Jiaqi , He Haitao , Yang Qing 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Splicing factors (SFs) play critical roles in the pathogenesis of various cancers through regulating tumor-associated alternative splicing (AS) events. However, the clinical value and biological functions of SFs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain obscure. In this study, we identified 40 dysregulated SFs in HCC and established a prognostic model composed of four SFs (DNAJC6, ZC3H13, IGF2BP3, DDX19B). The predictive efficiency and independence of the prognostic model were confirmed to be satisfactory. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) illustrated the risk score calculated by our prognostic model was significantly associated with multiple cancer-related pathways and metabolic processes. Furthermore, we constructed the SFs-AS events regulatory network and extracted 108 protein-coding genes from the network for following functional explorations. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network delineated the potential interactions among these 108 protein-coding genes. GO and KEGG pathway analyses investigated ontology gene sets and canonical pathways enriched by these 108 protein-coding genes. Overlapping the results of GSEA and KEGG, seven pathways were identified to be potential pathways regulated by our prognostic model through triggering aberrant AS events in HCC. In conclusion, the present study established an effective prognostic model based on SFs for HCC patients. Functional explorations of SFs and SFs-associated AS events provided directions to explore biological functions and mechanisms of SFs in HCC tumorigenesis.
A Full Freedom Pose Measurement Method of Industrial Robot Based on Reinforcement Learning Algorithm
Authors: Lu Xinghua , Chen Yunsheng , Yuan Ziyue 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In order to improve the efficiency of robot operation in the field of industrial automation, a full freedom pose measurement method of industrial robot based on reinforcement learning algorithm is proposed. According to the characteristics of two-wheel independent driving industrial robot, the attitude of the robot in three kinds of moving modes in unconstrained space is calculated. The algorithm for measuring the full degree of freedom of industrial robot is given by the multi-agent method of population particle optimization combined with the reinforcement learning algorithm (PSO-QL). The experimental results show that the proposed method has the advantages of low accuracy, high measurement efficiency, high success rate of grabbing and avoiding obstacles and good application effect.
The impact of COVID-19 on the lives of community- dwelling people with dementia and informal carers in the context of using the social and medical services – a qualitative study
Authors: Maćkowiak Maria , Senczyszyn Adrianna , Lion Katarzyna , Trypka Elżbieta , Małecka Monika , Ciułkowicz Marta , Mazurek Justyna , Świderska Roksana , Giebel Clarissa , Gabbay Mark , Rymaszewska Joanna , Szcześniak Dorota 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background:

Older people with dementia are particularly at risk of COVID-19, whilst still little is known about the indirect impact of the Pandemic on the lives of those living with and caring for someone with dementia. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the Pandemic on the lives of people with dementia and their informal carers in the context of using social and medical services in Poland.
Methods:

A qualitative thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with people with dementia (n = 5) and informal carers (n = 21) was performed. Interviews were collected between June and August 2020 via phone after the first wave of COVID-19 in Poland. Data were analysed using NVivo software by four team members.
Results:

Three overarching themes emerged: (1) Care re-organization; (2) Psychological responses; (3) Emerging needs. The factor underlying all these elements were a reliance on other people. Regardless of the type of support (informal or formal), a sense of presence of others and maintaining mutual contacts displayed as crucial elements influencing the well-being of people with dementia and informal carers.
Conclusions:

Social support and engagement are vital to the ongoing health and wellbeing of people living with dementia and their informal carers. Services need sustaining to provide ongoing provision to those living with dementia to reach pre-pandemic levels, if not better. Within the post-pandemic environment people with dementia and their informal carers need reassurance that they can rely on external institutional and social support able to meet their need.
Title of Manuscript: Risk-Stratification in Febrile Infants 29 to 60 Days Old: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Noorbakhsh Kathleen A. , Ramgopal Sriram , Rixe Nancy S. , Dunnick Jennifer , Smith Kenneth J. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Multiple clinical prediction rules have been published to risk-stratify febrile infants ≤60 days of age for serious bacterial infections (SBI), which is present in 8-13% of infants. We evaluate the cost-effectiveness of strategies to identify infants with SBI in the emergency department.Methods: We developed a Markov decision model to estimate outcomes in well-appearing, febrile term infants, using the following strategies: Boston, Rochester, Philadelphia, Modified Philadelphia, Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN), Step-by-Step, Aronson, and clinical suspicion. Infants were categorized as low risk or not low risk using each strategy. Simulated cohorts were followed for one year from a healthcare perspective. Our primary model focused on bacteremia, with secondary models for urinary tract infection and bacterial meningitis. One-way, structural, and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed. The main outcomes were SBI correctly diagnosed and incremental cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained.Results: In the bacteremia model, the PECARN strategy was the least expensive strategy ($3,671, 0.779 QALYs). The Boston strategy was the most cost-effective strategy and cost $9,799/QALY gained. All other strategies were less effective and more costly. Despite low initial costs, clinical suspicion was among the most expensive and least effective strategies. Results were sensitive to the specificity of selected strategies. In probabilistic sensitivity analyses, the Boston strategy was most likely to be favored at a willingness-to-pay threshold of $100,000/QALY. In the urinary tract infection model, PECARN was preferred compared to other strategies and the Boston strategy was preferred in the bacterial meningitis model.Conclusions: The Boston clinical prediction rule offers an economically reasonable strategy compared to alternatives for identification of SBI.
Ectoparasites infecting Mugil curema (Mugiliformes: Mugilidae) in Amapá state estuary, in the northern Brazilian coast region
Authors: Santos Joilson Rodrigues dos , Esteves-Silva Pedro Hugo , Costa-Campos Carlos Eduardo , Tavares-Dias Marcos 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In fish, one of the most important interactions is that occur between parasite species and environment. Wild fish interactions with parasites of different taxa can result in diseases for fish and consequently damages to the fishing industry. This study investigated the ectoparasite fauna in Mugil curema in Amapá state estuary, in Brazilian coast region. The parasite prevalence was 51.4%, and a total of 282 parasites were collected among Ligophorus brasiliensis (Dactylogyridae), Excorallana longicornis (Corallanidae), larvae of Gnathia sp. (Gnathiidae) and Ergasilus atafonensis (Ergasilidae), but the dominance was of L. brasiliensis. The parasites presented highly aggregated dispersion, except for Gnathia sp. that had a random dispersion. There was a predominance of hosts parasitized by zero and one species. The relative condition factor did not differ between parasitized and non-parasitized fish. The body size of hosts did not influence the parasite abundance. The community of ectoparasites consisted of low species richness with low infection levels. This is the first study on parasites of fish from the coast of the State of Amapá and is the first report of Gnathia sp. for M. curema.
Successful Endovascular Stenting of a Bleeding External Iliac Vein Mycotic Aneurysm: A Case Report
Authors: Parikh Rupal , Li Shiyi , Shackles Christopher , Khaddash Tamim 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Mycotic aneurysms are rare vascular lesions, occurring in 0.6-2% of arterial aneurysms but with no reported venous cases. Venous aneurysms unrelated to an underlying infectious process have been previously described and are typically surgically repaired due to risk of thromboembolic events. Only a few reported cases have been successfully treated with endovascular repair. Case presentation: This case reports a bleeding external iliac vein mycotic aneurysm secondary to erosion of a chronic pelvic abscess, successfully treated with endovascular stenting. Conclusion: Venous aneurysms are uncommon vascular lesions which have historically been treated with open surgical repair. Given the lower degree of procedural morbidity, endovascular management of these lesions may be an effective option in the appropriate setting.
Information flow of spontaneous and auditory-evoked neural activity in the rat thalamo-cortical system
Authors: Ishizu Kotaro , Shiramatsu Tomoyo I. , Hitsuyu Rie , Oizumi Masafumi , Tsuchiya Naotsugu , Takahashi Hirokazu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The interaction between the thalamus and sensory cortex plays critical roles in sensory processing. Previous studies have revealed pathway-specific synaptic properties of thalamo-cortical connections. However, few studies to date have investigated how each pathway routes moment-to-moment information. Here, we simultaneously recorded neural activity in the auditory thalamus (or ventral division of the medial geniculate body; MGv) and primary auditory cortex (A1) with a laminar resolution in anesthetized rats. Transfer entropy (TE) was used as an information theoretic measure to operationalize “information flow”. Our analyses confirmed that communication between the thalamus and cortex was strengthened during presentation of auditory stimuli. In the resting state, thalamo-cortical communications almost disappeared, whereas cortico-cortical communications were strengthened. The predominant source of information was the MGv at the onset of stimulus presentation and layer 5 during spontaneous activity. In turn, MGv was the major recipient of information from layer 6. TE suggested that a small but significant population of MGv-to-A1 pairs was “information-bearing,” whereas A1-to-MGv pairs typically exhibiting small effects played modulatory roles. These results highlight the capability of TE analyses to unlock novel avenues for bridging the gap between well-established anatomical knowledge of canonical microcircuits and physiological correlates via the concept of dynamic information flow.
The inhibition of photosynthesis of Angelica dahurica caused by early bolting
Authors: Jiang Yi-Jie , Liu Ren-Lang , Du Xuan , Zhang Hui-Hui , Hou Kai , Chen Yin-Yin , Feng Dong-Ju , Wu Wei 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background Ealy bolting affects the photosynthesis of plants. However, there are positive or negative impacts in different plants. The mechanism of photosynthesis pathway respond to early bolting is still a mystery. Angelica dahurica is a traditional Chinese medical plant that has been used as the raw material of medicine and food. Early bolting of Angelica dahurica occurring in the field production, which decreases quality and yield of A. dahurica. Results In this research, we firstly revealed the damage of early bolting on the photosynthesis of A. dahurica. The photosynthetic capacity significantly decreased after bolting. The metabonomic analysis showed that the chlorophyll synthesis metabolism was repressed and the accumulation of saturated fatty acid increased after early bolting. Meanwhile, transcriptomic analysis indicated a down-regulation of photosynthetic electron transport and up-regulation of saturated fatty acid synthesis. Interestedly, an unexpected raise in Rubisco and PEPC activities of the leaves of early bolting plants was found in our research. Conclusion The photosynthesis is repressed by early bolting in transcriptomics and metabonomics. Meanwhile, early bolting induced accumulation of saturated fatty acid and increased the activities of PEPC and Rubisco. It suggested a special mediated way responds to the inhibition of photosynthesis of A. dahurica by early bolting.
A Study of Wound Healing in 402 Calcaneus Fracture Cases Using Precise Extensive L-Shaped Incision
Authors: Hou Fushan , Liang Xiao , Xi Kun , Zhao Feng , Wang Bin , Fan Wei , Zhao Bin , Li Dong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: To investigate wound healing in 402 calcaneus fracture cases using precise extensive L-shaped incision.Method: We retrospectively analyzed 402 calcaneus fracture cases, involving patients who underwent heel bone reduction and internal fixation, using precise extensive L-shaped incision, at the second hospital of Shanxi medical university between January 2018 and December 2020. Postoperative would healing was evaluated using a self-designed skin margin grading system. Results: The patients experienced osseous healing after the surgery. A Maryland foot score of ≥90% was considered excellent. The skin margins from Grade I, II, III injuries healed spontaneously after dressing change. However, Grade IV injuries healed after debridement or removal of internal fixation.Conclusions: The precise extensive L-shaped incision, used in this study, allowed for fewer postoperative wound complications and lower incidence of skin necrosis.
RNAseq Analysis of Treatment-dependent Signaling Changes During Inflammation in a Mouse Cutaneous Wound Healing Model.
Authors: Laurent III Georges St. , Toma Ian , Seilheimer Bernd , Cesnulevicius Konstantin , Schultz Myron , Tackett Michael , Zhou Jianhua , Ri Maxim , Shtokalo Dmitry , Antonets Denis , Jepson Tisha , McCaffrey Timothy A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Despite proven therapeutic effects in inflammatory conditions, the specific mechanisms of phytochemical therapies are not well understood. The transcriptome effects of Tr14 (Traumeel), a multicomponent natural product, and diclofenac, a non-selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor, were compared in a mouse cutaneous wound healing model to identify both known and novel pathways for the anti-inflammatory effect of plant-derived natural products. Methods: Skin samples from abraded mice were analyzed by single-molecule, amplification-free RNAseq transcript profiling at 7 points between 12-192 hours after injury. Immediately after injury, the wounds were treated with either diclofenac, Tr14, or placebo control (n=7 per group/time). RNAseq levels were compared between treatment and control at each time point using a systems biology approach. Results: At early time points (12-36 hours), both control and Tr14-treated wounds showed marked increase in the inducible COX2 enzyme mRNA, while diclofenac-treated wounds did not. Tr14, in contrast, modulated lipoxygenase transcripts, especially ALOX12/15, and phospholipases involved in arachidonate metabolism. Notably, Tr14 modulated a group of cell-type specific markers, including the T cell receptor, that could be explained by an overarching effect on the type of cells that were recruited into the wound tissue. Conclusions: Tr14 and diclofenac had very different effects on the COX/LOX synthetic pathway after cutaneous wounding. Tr14 allowed normal autoinduction of COX2 mRNA, but suppressed mRNA levels for key enzymes in the leukotriene synthetic pathway. Tr14 appeared to have a broad ‘phytocellular’ effect on the wound transcriptome by altering the balance of cell types present in the wound.