bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Traditional Shalish system for rural dispute resolution in Bangladesh: An analytical study of its structure and operational mechanism
Authors: Hoque Muhammad Rafiqul , Zarif Muhammad Mustaqim Mohd 
Published: March 2021

This study aims at exploring the structure and operational mechanism of Shalish-a traditional rural dispute resolution system in Bangladesh. It seems that this dispute resolution system, being very informal and flexible in nature, has no organized structure and operational mechanism. However, this paper aims to critically investigate the situation. Based on observation of a number of Shalish events in a rural area of the country and extensive discussion with some Shalishkars and disputants, this qualitative study finds that the system is well structured and its operational mechanism is quite effective, albeit with some limitations. It is recommended that a local Alim (Islamic Scholar) should be included in all Shalish to ensure shari’ah related issues like some family and inheritance related disputes. Shalishkars need to be trained and upgraded in their experiences and qualities through workshops, seminars in respect of legal, moral and shari’a issues.
IIUC Studies Vol.16, December 2019: 35-56
Role of Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) in predicting development of organ failure in Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Saqeb Khan Md Nazmus , Raza Abu Khalid Muhammad Maruf 
Published: March 2021

Background: Different modalities are available for predicting development of organ failure in Acute Pancreatitis. A single marker with high sensitivity and specificity is yet to be identified. This study intends to find out the utility of Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) in predicting development of organ failure in Acute Pancreatitis.
Methods: A total of 117 patients admitted with acute pancreatitis were included. Clinical parameters and biochemical tests were recorded on admission and on day 3 & day 5 of admission. CT scan was performed in all patients. NLRwas calculated using these data.Every patient was followed regularly for identification of organ failure. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS V22.
Results: Among 117 patients, 67(57.3%) were male and 50(42.73%) were female with a mean age of 47.99±15. Among the patients the etiology was found to be biliary, hypertriglyceridemia, alcohol, malignancy and post-ERCP complications in 25(21.4%),23(19.7%),8(6.8%),3(2.6%),2(1.7%) cases respectively. In 53(45.3%) cases no definite etiology could be found. 83(70.9%) patients had mild,15(12.8%) had moderately severe and 19(16.2%) had severe acute pancreatitis. 23 (19.65%) patients developed complication, whereas 94 (80.34%) developed no complication.Organ failure was present in 34(29.06%) cases among total 117 cases.Those patients who developed organ failure had a mean NLR of 6.25±0.96, in contrast to a mean of 3.64±0.50 in those who didn’t developed organ failure.ROC curve evaluating the role of NLR in predicting development of organ failure in acute pancreatitis showed an AUC of 0.984. ROC curve revealed a cutoff point of 5.04 with highest sensitivity (97.1%) & specificity (97.6%) with a PPV & NPV of 94.3% & 98.8% respectively.
Conclusion: Calculating NLR is simple, it is readily available, easy to assess and cost-effective. It can be used as a new simple & cost-effective marker for the prediction of development of organ failure in Acute Pancreatitis.
Mediscope Vol. 8, No. 1: January 2021, Page 45-52
Análisis del impacto del coronavirus en el producto bruto interno (PBI) por grandes actividades económicas en Perú
Authors: Ordinola Valdez Andrea Carmen Lidia 
Published: March 2021

El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar el producto bruto interno (PBI) en relación a las grandes actividades económicas dedicadas a la extracción, transformación y servicios en nuestro país, desde el primer trimestre del año 2007 hasta el segundo trimestre del año 2020, considerando la debacle ocasionada por el COVID-19 en las actividades económicas. La investigación fue cuantitativa, explicativa, teniendo como base el análisis estadístico y econométrico de la data; evaluando el supuesto de no autocorrelación, el supuesto de no multicolinealidad y el supuesto de homocedasticidad, enfocando nuestra conclusión en el último periodo de nuestro estudio que coincide con el periodo de cuarentena nacional. La investigación concluye que los efectos ocasionados por el coronavirus han impactado negativamente en la mayoría de las actividades económicas.
Análise em micro-CT de dente rachado em segundo molar mandibular com anatomia em C após trauma oclusal: Relato de caso
Authors: Velozo Christianne , Dantas Hugo , Sousa Frederico Barbosa de , Albuquerque Diana Santana de 
Published: March 2021

O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar em micro-CT dente extraído por fissura. Uma mulher de 38 anos, branca, com queixa de desconforto ocasional após morder caroço de milho de pipoca, procurou a urgência. Após exame clínico intra-oral e radiográfico, o segundo molar mandibular direito (dente 47) foi diagnosticado com polpa viva e fratura das cúspides linguais, e após remoção de restauração de amálgama constatou-se fratura incompleta iniciada na crista proximal distal da coroa. O plano de tratamento iniciou-se com reabilitação protética através de coroa total. Três meses após pulpite irreversível sintomática foi diagnosticada. A cavidade pulpar foi acessada através da coroa protética e o dente foi tratado endodonticamente. Dois anos depois a paciente apresentou fístula próxima a sulco gengival e sondagem periodontal de 12mm no centro da superfície distal. Ao exame tomográfico de feixe cônico observou-se extensa perda óssea atingindo o canal mandibular. O plano de tratamento foi a exodontia do elemento dentário e posterior planejamento de implante. O dente extraído foi então submetido ao escaneamento no micro-CT. Na análise das imagens do micro-CT do dente extraído, constatou-se dente rachado, com trinca estendendo-se da coroa até a raiz proximal (face distal). Foi verificado também má adaptação do cone de guta-percha no terço apical do tratamento endodôntico realizado. Através deste relato, podemos inferir que, o diagnóstico de dente rachado é um desafio na prática clínica, e a propagação corono-radicular da rachadura está associada a infiltração microbiana e consequente risco de perda do elemento dental.
TRADISI HOSPITALITAS UNTUK PENDIDIKAN PERDAMAIAN DI POSO
Authors: Morokuhi Ones 
Published: March 2021

The research in this paper leads to peace education in Poso. Local wisdom approach focus to achieve it. Local wisdom in question is a tradition of cultural in sintuwu maroso and padungku. Researchers considered that culture sintuwu maroso and padungku a primal's hospitality owned Poso then and now. The distinctive feature of this research center at the local wisdom area.
That approach is not without reason. Social unrest conflicts that have occurred in Poso, leaving wounds that are difficult unresolved grudges. Seventeen years ago the conflict was going on, now remaining trauma and feels haunted. Yet the return of all refugees to their original place, not awakening back all the buildings or houses in the former debris destruction mass, separation is expressly settlements Islamic-Christian, social community is still limited, and military approach that is very dominant, not apart from monitoring the author. Watched it is balanced with the security situation, a conducive atmosphere andhospitality of the people of Poso today.
Objectives achieved in this study were (1) to find out how the understanding and meaning of the Poso community’s hospitality (2) to find out ways of appreciation and practice of cultural sintuwu maroso and padungku as a form of tradition's hospitality in Poso and (3) to determine the role and the application of hospitality in traditions of cultural sintuwu maroso and padungku for peace education in addressing the conflict in Poso. The data collection process is conducted qualitatively. Interviews and observations is his method, followed by a description of the data. Analysis of data using analytical approachto Theology-CRE (Christian Religious Education). This approach was chosen because they are the research student of CRE. After conducting research and data analysis as a whole, the picture of hospitality in Poso this time will be presented in a straightforward and unequivocal. Likewise, appreciation and practice of cultural sintuwu maroso and padungku in everyday life. In the end, the author proposes an approach to education for peace in Poso, that is approach through cultural traditions in sintuwu maroso's hospitality and padungku
Key words: Hospitality, Sintuwu Maroso, Padungku, Peace Education.
“PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN (PAK) YANG MENEMBUS BATAS”
Authors: Sairwona Wellem 
Published: March 2021

Dampak dari kehadiran Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN (MEA) tidak hanya terjadi pada aliran bebas barang di antara negara-negara ASEAN, tetapi juga terjadi arus bebas jasa, arus bebas investasi, arus bebas tenaga kerja terampil, dan arus bebas modal. Program Studi (Prodi) Pendidikan Agama Kristen (PAK) yang menghasilkan seorang yang profesional di bidang PAK, seperti tenaga pendidik di sekolah (guru), di perguruan tinggi (dosen) dan di gereja (Pendeta) mau tidak mau harus mulai disiapkan untuk menghadapi arus bebas tenaga kerja terampil. Meskipun baru delapan profesi yang sudah disepakati dalam perjanjian MEA, yakni: insinyur, arsitek, dokter, dokter gigi, perawat, surveyor, akuntan dan pekerja wisata, namun profesi-profesi lain, termasuk Profesi Pendidik PAK, harus mulai mempersiapkan dirinya.
Makalah ini mencoba untuk menginventarisir tiga masalah besar yang dapat membatasi pergerakan bebas PAK di dalam MEA, yaitu: keterbatasan orientasi lulusan PAK, keterbatasan kurikulum PAK dan keterbatasan bidang kajian di dalam PAK. Oleh karena itu, makalah ini akan mengajak kita untuk melihat kembali hakikat PAK secara teologis dan filosofis, serta berusaha untuk mendefinisikan ulang PAK di dalam konteks MEA, agar tenaga profesional yang dihasilkan oleh Prodi PAK dapat terlibat di dalam pergerakan MEA, bahkan bersaing dengan tenaga profesional yang lain. Selanjutnya, makalah ini menawarkan beberapa alternatif jalan keluar yang dapat dilakukan oleh PAK di dalam menerobos batasan-batasan yang ada.
Makalah ini merupakan hasil studi literatur terhadap pemikiran PAK dari beberapa tokoh PAK dan kebijakan-kebijakan yang diambil oleh Pemerintah Republik Indonesia di dalam mengatur Prodi PAK, serta analisis teologis-filosofis terhadap dampak dari kedua hal tersebut di dalam perkembangan PAK di Indonesia, khususnya dalam memasuki MEA.
Kata Kunci: Hakikat Pendidikan Agama Kristen (PAK), Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN (MEA), Kurikulum PAK, Profesi Pendidik PAK.
The Effect of Non Performing Financing and on Financing of Natural Uncertainty Contract (NUC) with Third Party Fund (DPK) as a Moderating Variable
Authors: Utami Tri , Angraini Dila , Annisa Dea , Irawati Wiwit 
Published: March 2021

This type of research is quantitative associative and the data used is the annual data on the financial statements of Islamic Commercial Banks registered with the Financial Services Authority for the 2015-2018 period, totalling 14 BUS. The sample is determined using a purposive sampling method. The number of Islamic Commercial Banks studied was 8 with a research period of 4 years to obtain 32 samples. This study uses the Multiple Linear Regression method, using the help of the EViews 9 program. From the results of hypothesis testing, it is found that the variable financing problems and SBIS have a joint effect on NUC. However, partially problematic financing has no effect on NUC and SBIS has a positive effect on NUC. With TPF as a moderating variable, the test results using the Moderated Regression Analysis technique show that TPF does not moderate the effect of non-performing financing (NPF) on NUC but TPF can moderate the effect of the SBIS variable on NUC. Keywords: Natural Uncertainty Contract (NUC) Contract Financing, Third-Party Funds (DPK), Non-Performing Financing, Certificate of Bank Indonesia Syariah (SBIS)
Pengaruh Senam GITA terhadap IMT dan HbA1C Pada Lansia dengan Diabetes Melitus
Authors: Amalia Anindini Winda , Gayatri Paramita Ratna , Tuna Hartati 
Published: March 2021

Latihan fisik telah menjadi regimen terapeutik dalam manajemen diabetes mellitus. Senam GITA adalah latihan fisik yang dapat dilakukan oleh lansia dengan diabetes mellitus dalam mengontrol kadar glukosa darahnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh senam GITA terhadap IMT dan HbA1C pada lansia dengan diabetes mellitus. Penelitian bersifat quasi eksperimen dengan rancangan pre-post control group. Responden merupakan lansia dengan diabetes melitus di Prolanis Kota Kediri. Responden berjumlah 20 orang, terbagi dalam dua kelompok yaitu kelompok senam (10 orang) dan kelompok kontrol (10 orang). Kelompok senam diberikan pelatihan senam GITA selama 12 minggu sebanyak 3 kali dalam seminggu dengan durasi 30 menit setiap sesinya. Sedangkan kelompok kontrol tidak mendapat perlakuan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan IMT kelompok senam signifikan mengalami perubahan dengan p value 0,000001 (p<0,05) dan HbA1C pada kelompok senam mengalami perubahan secara signifikan dengan p value 0,000077 (p<0,05). Pada uji T terdapat perbedaan signifikan rerata selisih IMT dengan p value 0,000006 (p<0,05) dan HbA1C dengan p value 0,000006 (p<0,05) pada kelompok senam dan kelompok kontrol sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Senam GITA selama 12 minggu efektif dalam mengontrol IMT dan HbA1C pada lansia dengan diabetes melitus.
Implementasi Metode Support Group Dalam Meningkatkan Persepsi Pasien Tentang Perawatan Diabetes Melitus di Kota Bandung
Authors: Nugraha Nandang Jamiat , Rahmat Rahmat 
Published: March 2021

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) merupakan penyakit yang tidak dapat disembuhkan, namun dapat dikendalikan. Prevalensi penderita DM di Indonesia 6.9% dan di Jawa Barat sekitar 29,4% dari jumlah penduduknya. Sebagai mother of desease, penyakit DM memiliki komplikasi yang serius seperti retinopati diabetik, neuropati, amputasi, penyakit jantung, gagal jantung, stroke dan peripheral arterial disease. Kondisi tersebut menunjukkan perlunya keseriusan dalam penanganan penyakit DM. Diperlukan dukungan dari kader (sebagai bagian dari support group) bagi peserta prolanis DM. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui implementasi metoda support group dalam meningkatkan persepsi pasien tentang perawatan DM di Kota Bandung. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan rancangan quasi experiment dengan pretest and post test non equivalent control group. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan persepsi pasien prolanis sebesar 3,08 dan peningkatannya dinyatakan sangat bermakna (p<0,01). Edukasi yang dilakukan kader (support group) berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan persepsi pasien DM. Metode support group dengan memberdayakan kader dalam memberikan edukasi sangat bermanfaat dan dapat dijadikan kebijakan di pelayanan kesehatan masyarakat.
The Hubungan Kondisi Psikososial Dan Paritas Dengan Kejadian Depresi Postpartum Pada Ibu Remaja
Authors: Fatmawati Ariani , Gartika Nina 
Published: March 2021

Angka kejadian depresi postpartum pada ibu remaja setiap tahun semakin meningkat. Ketidaksiapan dalam menerima peran baru merupakan salah satu penyebab dari peningkatan ini. Penelitian terdahulu telah menemukan factor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian depresi postpartum, akan tetapi khusus penelitian yang membahas hubungan kondisi psikososial dan paritas dengan kejadian post partum masih sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi psikososial dan paritas dengan kejadian depresi postpartum. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode cross sectional untuk menganalisis variabel independen dengan variabel dependen. Sampel diambil dengan consecutive sampling sebanyak 90 ibu. Analisis data bivariat dengan chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kondisi psikososial dengan kejadian depresi postpartum (p=0,007), sementara tidak terdapat hubungan antara paritas dengan kejadian depresi postpartum (p=0,180). Disarankan bagi peneliti selanjutnya dapat melakukan penelitian tentang efektivitas pemberian terapi qur’anic healing bagi ibu remaja yang mengalami depresi post partum.
Necroptosis in Macrophage Foam Cells Promotes Fat Graft Fibrosis in Mice
Authors: Chen Xihang , Deng Zilong , Feng Jingwei , Chang Qiang , Lu Feng , Yuan Yi 
Published: March 2021

Background: Fibrosis is a major grafting-related complication that leads to fat tissue dysfunction. Macrophage-induced inflammation is related to the development of fat tissue fibrosis. Necroptosis is a recently discovered pathway of programmed cell necrosis that results in severe inflammation and subsequent tissue fibrosis. Thus, in this study, we investigated the role of macrophage necroptosis in fat graft fibrosis and the underlying mechanisms.Methods: Fibrosis and necroptosis were investigated in mouse fat tissue before and after grafting. An in vitro “crown-like” structure (CLS) cell culture model was developed by co-culturing RAW 264.7 macrophages with apoptotic adipocytes to reproduce in vivo CLS macrophage-adipocyte interactions. Lipid uptake and necroptosis in CLS macrophages were analyzed using Oil-Red-O staining, western blotting, and immunofluorescence. RAW264.7 macrophages were cultured alone or with apoptotic adipocytes and treated with a necroptosis inhibitor (Nec-1 or GSK872) to explore the paracrine effect of necroptotic CLS macrophages on collagen synthesis in fibroblasts in vitro. Mice were treated with Nec-1 to analyze the effect of blocking necroptosis on fat graft fibrosis.Results: Fibrosis was increased after grafting in fat grafts of mice. Macrophages clustered around apoptotic adipocytes or large oil droplets to form a typical CLS in fibrotic depots. This was accompanied by formation and necroptosis of macrophage foam cells (MFCs) in CLSs. RAW 264.7 macrophages co-cultured with apoptotic adipocytes induced CLS formation in vitro, and lipid accumulation in CLS macrophages resulted in the formation and necroptosis of MFCs. Necroptosis of MFCs altered the expression of collagen I and VI in fibroblasts via a paracrine mechanism involving inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, which was reversed by GSK872 or Nec-1 treatment. Furthermore, treatment with Nec-1 ameliorated fat graft fibrosis in mice.Conclusion: Apoptotic adipocytes induced necroptosis of MFCs, and necroptosis of these cells activated collagen synthesis in fibroblasts via a paracrine mechanism. Inhibition of necroptosis in macrophages is a potential approach to prevent fibrosis in fat grafts.
The Antidepressant Mirtazapine Rapidly Shifts Hepatic B Cell Populations and Functional Cytokine Signatures in the Mouse
Authors: Almishri Wagdi , Davis Rachelle P. , Shaheen Abdel-Aziz , Altonsy Mohammed O. , Jenne Craig N. , Swain Mark G. 
Published: March 2021

IntroductionB cells are important regulators of both adaptive and innate immunity. The normal liver contains significant numbers of B cells, and their numbers increase dramatically in immune-mediated liver diseases. Our previous observations suggest a hepatoprotective effect of the antidepressant mirtazapine in human and experimental immune-mediated liver disease. Therefore, we performed a series of experiments to determine the impact of mirtazapine treatment on hepatic B cell homeostasis, as reflected by B cell number, trafficking and phenotype using flow cytometry (FCM) and intravital microscopy (IVM) analysis. Mirtazapine treatment rapidly induced a significant reduction in total hepatic B cell numbers, paralleled by a compositional shift in the predominant hepatic B cell subtype from B2 to B1. This shift in hepatic B cells induced by mirtazapine treatment was associated with a striking increase in total hepatic levels of the chemokine CXCL10, and increased production of CXCL10 by hepatic macrophages and dendritic cells. Furthermore, mirtazapine treatment led to an upregulation of CXCR3, the cognate chemokine receptor for CXCL10, on hepatic B cells that remained in the liver post-mirtazapine. A significant role for CXCR3 in the hepatic retention of B cells post-mirtazapine was confirmed using CXCR3 receptor blockade. In addition, B cells remaining in the liver post-mirtazapine produced lower amounts of the proinflammatory Th1-like cytokines IFNγ, TNFα, and IL-6, and increased amounts of the Th2-like cytokine IL-4, after stimulation in vitro.ConclusionMirtazapine treatment rapidly alters hepatic B cell populations, enhancing hepatic retention of CXCR3-expressing innate-like B cells that generate a more anti-inflammatory cytokine profile. Mirtazapine-induced hepatic B cell shifts could potentially represent a novel therapeutic approach to immune-mediated liver diseases characterized by B cell driven pathology.
Advanced Life Support vs. Basic Life Support for Patients With Trauma in Prehospital Settings: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kondo Yutaka , Fukuda Tatsuma , Uchimido Ryo , Kashiura Masahiro , Kato Soichiro , Sekiguchi Hiroshi , Zamami Yoshito , Hifumi Toru , Hayashida Kei 
Published: March 2021

Background: Advanced Life Support (ALS) is regarded to be associated with improved survival in pre-hospital trauma care when compared to Basic Life Support (BLS) irrespective of lack of evidence. The aim of this study is to ascertain ALS improves survival for trauma in prehospital settings when compared to BLS.Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for published controlled trials (CTs), and observational studies that were published until Aug 2017. The population of interest were adults (&gt;18 years old) trauma patients who were transported by ground transportation and required resuscitation in prehospital settings. We compared outcomes between the ALS and BLS groups. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality and secondary outcomes were neurological outcome and time spent on scene.Results: We identified 2,502 studies from various databases and 10 studies were included in the analysis (two CTs, and eight observational studies). The outcomes were not statistically significant between the ALS and BLS groups (pooled OR 1.14; 95% CI 0.95 to 1.36 for mortality, pooled OR 1.12; 95% CI 0.88 to 1.42 for good neurological outcomes, pooled mean difference −0.96; 95% CI−6.64 to 4.72 for on-scene time) in CTs. In observational studies, ALS prolonged on-scene time and increased mortality (pooled OR 1.56; 95% CI: 1.31 to 1.86 for mortality, and pooled mean difference, 1.26; 95% CI: 0.07 to 2.45 for on-scene time).Conclusions: In prehospital settings, the present study showed no advantages of ALS on the outcomes in patients with trauma compared to BLS.