bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early platelet dysfunction in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is associated with mortality
Authors: Siegel Patrick Malcolm , Chalupsky Julia , Olivier Christoph B. , Bojti István , Pooth Jan-Steffen , Trummer Georg , Bode Christoph , Diehl Philipp 
Published: September 2021

AbstractExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is used for patients with cardiopulmonary failure and is associated with severe bleeding and poor outcome. Platelet dysfunction may be a contributing factor. The aim of this prospective observational study was to characterize platelet dysfunction and its relation to outcome in ECMO patients. Blood was sampled from thirty ECMO patients at three timepoints. Expression of CD62P, CD63, activated GPIIb/IIIa, GPVI, GPIbα and formation platelet-leukocyte aggregates (PLA) were analyzed at rest and in response to stimulation. Delta granule storage-pool deficiency and secretion defects were also investigated. Fifteen healthy volunteers and ten patients with coronary artery disease served as controls. Results were also compared between survivors and non-survivors. Compared to controls, expression of platelet surface markers, delta granule secretion and formation of PLA was reduced, particularly in response to stimulation. Baseline CD63 expression was higher and activated GPIIb/IIIa expression in response to stimulation was lower in non-survivors on day 1 of ECMO. Logistic regression analysis revealed that these markers were associated with mortality. In conclusion, platelets from ECMO patients are severely dysfunctional predisposing patients to bleeding complications and poor outcome. Platelet dysfunction on day 1 of ECMO detected by the platelet surface markers CD63 and activated GPIIb/IIIa is associated with mortality. CD63 and activated GPIIb/IIIa may therefore serve as novel prognostic biomarkers, but future studies are required to determine their true potential.
Development and Validation of a PET/SPECT Radiopharmaceutical in Oncology
Authors: Pisaneschi Federica , Viola Nerissa T. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn oncology, biomarker research aimed to provide insights on cancer biology via positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission tomography (SPECT) imaging has seen an incredible growth in the past two decades. Despite the increased number of publications on PET/SPECT radiopharmaceuticals, the field lacked standardization of in vitro and in vivo parameters necessary for the characterization of any radiotracer. Through the efforts of the World Molecular Imaging Society Education Committee, this white paper lays down validation studies that are essential to chemically and biologically characterize new radiopharmaceuticals derived from small molecules, peptides or proteins. Finally, a brief overview of the steps toward translation is also presented.Herein, we discuss the following:

Chemistry and radiochemistry metrics to establish the identity of the imaging agent.

In vitro and in vivo studies to examine the radiotracer’s mechanism of action, which includes target specificity, pharmacokinetics and in vivo metabolism.
Ab Initio Study of the Influence of Alloying Elements on Stability and Mechanical Properties of Selected TixAly Intermetallic Compounds and Their TixAly/Al, TixAly/Ti Interfaces in Explosively Welded Metal–Metal Composites
Authors: Kwasniak P. , Garbacz H. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe overall performance of joints fabricated using the explosive welding method depends directly on the brittleness of created intermetallic phases and their cohesion with metallic substrates. In this article, we used first principles calculations to show that Sn, V, Cu, and Mg alloying elements present in Ti- and Al-based alloys have a significant influence on the elastic properties and plastic deformation ability ofγ-TiAl and Ti3Al. Selected solutes exhibit diversified preferential site occupancy in bulk phases and ordered phase/metallic substrate interface regions. The largest positive effect on ductility and cleavage energy was found for Cu addition (25 pct increase in theB/Gratio), while Sn largely deteriorates cleavage resistance (up to 8 pct). The presented results reveal that further development in the explosive welding field can be reached through the design/application of new alloys composed of elements that improve the properties of the ordered phases present in the joints.
Genome Mining of Three Plant Growth-Promoting Bacillus Species from Maize Rhizosphere
Authors: Olanrewaju Oluwaseyi Samuel , Ayilara Modupe Stella , Ayangbenro Ayansina Segun , Babalola Olubukola Oluranti 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBacillusspecies genomes are rich in plant growth-promoting genetic elements.Bacillus subtilisandBacillus velezensisare important plant growth promoters; hence, to further improve their abilities, the genetic elements responsible for these traits were characterized and reported. Genetic elements reported include those of auxin, nitrogen fixation, siderophore production, iron acquisition, volatile organic compounds, and antibiotics. Furthermore, the presence of phages and antibiotic-resistant genes in the genomes are reported. Pan-genome analysis was conducted using tenBacillusspecies. From the analysis, pan-genome ofBacillus subtilisandBacillus velezensisare still open. Ultimately, this study brings an insight into the genetic components of the plant growth-promoting abilities of these strains and shows their potential biotechnological applications in agriculture and other relevant sectors.
Unterrichtsentwicklung durch Unterrichtsfeedback – Erste Entwicklungsschritte eines Beobachtungsbogens für Schulleitungen
Authors: Gärtner Holger , Thiel Felicitas , Nachbauer Max , Kellermann Christopher 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungIm vorliegenden Beitrag werden erste Entwicklungsschritte eines Beobachtungsbogen zur Erfassung von Unterrichtsqualität vorgestellt, der bei Unterrichtsevaluationen durch Schulleitungen eingesetzt werden soll, die mit dem Ziel eines entwicklungsbezogenen Feedbacks an Lehrpersonen erfolgen. Im ersten Teil wird die theoretische Grundlage des Beobachtungsbogens beschrieben. Unter Rückgriff auf lehr-lernpsychologische Theorien der Informationsverarbeitung, der Motivation und Theorien der sozialen Interaktion im Klassenzimmer wurden drei übergeordnete Anforderungsbereiche des Unterrichtens (Unterstützung des Wissenserwerbs, Motivierung und Klassenmanagement) identifiziert und Unterrichtsmerkmale aus den entsprechenden Bezugstheorien hergeleitet. Zusätzlich wurde Individualisierung als vierte, querliegende Anforderung berücksichtigt. Im zweiten Teil erfolgt im Rahmen einer explorativen Studie eine erste empirische Überprüfung zentraler psychometrischer Eigenschaften des Beobachtungsbogens. Das Ergebnis einer explorativen Faktorenanalyse zeigt eine weitestgehend theoriekonforme Faktorenstruktur. Die Unterrichtsmerkmale weisen moderate bis hohe Korrelationen, zufriedenstellende interne Konsistenzen und Stabilitäten auf. Die Ergebnisse sprechen dafür, dass das theoretische Modell empirisch abgebildet werden kann. Weitere Entwicklungsschritte des Beobachtungsbogens werden skizziert.
Dissolution behaviour and imageability of ternary borate glasses for use in geniculate artery embolization
Authors: Manchester R. A. , Todorova T. Z. , Tonkopi E. , Kelly B. , Gosse J. , Davis C. , Brewer K. , Shymka M. , Boyd D. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSixteen borate glass compositions comprising K2O and SrO were screened, using a design of mixtures approach, to model compositional effects on dissolution, CT imageability, and MRI relaxivity (R2). Based on the characteristics of each network, together with dose determination and toxicological risk, the composition identified as BKSA16 was selected as a preferred composition for pre-clinical evaluations related to geniculate artery embolization (GAE). Accordingly, BKSA16 particles were subjected to a flame spheroidization process and recharacterized, including the evaluation of residual mass at 72 h in physiologically representative media along with clinical determinations of suspension time (ease of use). For both the irregular particles and microspheres residual mass was present at 72 h in physiologically representative media. Additionally, both the microspheres and irregular particles achieved suspension times deemed to be acceptable for clinical use. The collective data confirms that BKSA16 microspheres have a range of beneficial features (specifically both degradable and imageable) suited to GAE.
Expansions and Neostability in Model Theory
Authors: d’Elbée Christian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis thesis is concerned with the expansions of algebraic structures and their fit in Shelah’s classification landscape.The first part deals with the expansion of a theory by a random predicate for a substructure model of a reduct of the theory. Let T be a theory in a language
$\mathcal {L}$
. Let
$T_0$
be a reduct of T. Let
$\mathcal {L}_S = \mathcal {L}\cup \{S\}$
, for S a new unary predicate symbol, and
$T_S$
be the
$\mathcal {L}_S$
-theory that axiomatises the following structures:
$(\mathscr {M},\mathscr {M}_0)$
consist of a model
$\mathscr {M}$
of T and S is a predicate for a model
$\mathscr {M}_0$
of
$T_0$
which is a substructure of
$\mathscr {M}$
. We present a setting for the existence of a model-companion
$TS$
of
$T_S$
. As a consequence, we obtain the existence of the model-companion of the following theories, for
$p>0$
a prime number: •
$\mathrm {ACF}_p$
,
$\mathrm {SCF}_{e,p}$
,
$\mathrm {Psf}_p$
,
$\mathrm {ACFA}_p$
,
$\mathrm {ACVF}_{p,p}$
in appropriate languages expanded by arbitrarily many predicates for additive subgroups;•
$\mathrm {ACF}_p$
,
$\mathrm {ACF}_0$
in the language of rings expanded by a single predicate for a multiplicative subgroup;•
$\mathrm {PAC}_p$
-fields, in an appropriate language expanded by arbitrarily many predicates for additive subgroups.From an independence relation in T, we define independence relations in
$TS$
and identify which properties of are transferred to those new independence relations in
$TS$
, and under which conditions. This allows us to exhibit hypotheses under which the expansion from T to
$TS$
preserves
$\mathrm {NSOP}_{1}$
, simplicity, or stability. In particular, under some technical hypothesis on T, we may draw the following picture (the left column implies the right column):
Configuration
$T_0\subseteq T$
Generic expansion
$TS$

$T_0 = T$
Preserves stability
$T_0\subseteq T$
Preserves
$\mathrm {NSOP}_{1}$

$T_0 = \emptyset $
Preserves simplicityIn particular, this construction produces new examples of
$\mathrm {NSOP}_{1}$
not simple theories, and we study in depth a particular example: the expansion of an algebraically closed field of positive characteristic by a generic additive subgroup. We give a full description of imaginaries, forking, and Kim-forking in this example.The second part studies expansions of the group of integers by p-adic valuations. We prove quantifier elimination in a natural language and compute the dp-rank of these expansions: it equals the number of independent p-adic valuations considered. Thus, the expansion of the integers by one p-adic valuation is a new dp-minimal expansion of the group of integers. Finally, we prove that the latter expansion does not admit intermediate structures: any definable set in the expansion is either definable in the group structure or is able to “reconstruct” the valuation using only the group operation.Abstract prepared by Christian d’Elbée.E-mail: delbee@math.univ-lyon1.frURL: https://choum.net/~chris/page_perso
From Generative Linguistics to Categorial Grammars: Overt Subjects in Control Infinitives
Authors: Corbalán María Inés 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe present thesis lies at the interface of logic and linguistics; its object of study are control sentences with overt pronouns in Romance languages (European and Brazilian Portuguese, Italian and Spanish). This is a topic that has received considerably more attention on the part of linguists, especially in recent years, than from logicians. Perhaps for this reason, much remains to be understood about these linguistic structures and their underlying logical properties. This thesis seeks to fill the lacunas in the literature or at least take steps in this direction by way of addressing a number of issues that have so far been under-explored. To this end, we put forward two key questions, one linguistic and the other logical. These are, respectively, (1) What is the syntactic status of the surface pronoun? and (2) What are the available mechanisms to reuse semantic resources in a contraction-free logical grammar? Accordingly, the thesis is divided into two parts: generative linguistics and categorial grammar. Part I starts by reviewing the recent discussion within the generative literature on infinitive clauses with overt subjects, paying detailed attention to the main accounts in the field. Part II does the same on the logical grammar front, addressing in particular the issues of control and of anaphoric pronouns. Ultimately, the leading accounts from both camps will be found wanting. The closing chapter of each of Part I and Part II will thus put forward alternative candidates, that we contend are more successful than their predecessors. More specifically, in Part I, we offer a linguistic account along the lines of Landau’s T/Agr theory of control. In Part II, we present two alternative categorial accounts: one based on Combinatory Categorial Grammar, the other on Type-Logical Grammar. Each of these accounts offers an improved, more fine-grained perspective on control infinitives featuring overt pronominal subjects. Finally, we include an Appendix in which our type-logical proposal is implemented in a categorial parser/theorem-prover.Abstract prepared by María Inés Corbalán.E-mail: inescorbalan@yahoo.com.arURL: http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/331697
Categorising ultra-processed foods in large-scale cohort studies: evidence from the Nurses’ Health Studies, the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, and the Growing Up Today Study
Authors: Khandpur Neha , Rossato Sinara , Drouin-Chartier Jean-Philippe , Du Mengxi , Steele Euridice M. , Sampson Laura , Monteiro Carlos , Zhang Fang F. , Willett Walter , Fung Teresa T. , Sun Qi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This manuscript details the strategy employed for categorising food items based on their processing levels into the four NOVA groups. Semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) from the Nurses’ Health Studies (NHS) I and II, the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) and the Growing Up Today Studies (GUTS) I and II cohorts were used. The four-stage approach included: (i) the creation of a complete food list from the FFQs; (ii) assignment of food items to a NOVA group by three researchers; (iii) checking for consensus in categorisation and shortlisting discordant food items; (iv) discussions with experts and use of additional resources (research dieticians, cohort-specific documents, online grocery store scans) to guide the final categorisation of the short-listed items. At stage 1, 205 and 315 food items were compiled from the NHS and HPFS, and the GUTS FFQs, respectively. Over 70 % of food items from all cohorts were assigned to a NOVA group after stage 2. The remainder were shortlisted for further discussion (stage 3). After two rounds of reviews at stage 4, 95⋅6 % of food items (NHS + HPFS) and 90⋅7 % items (GUTS) were categorised. The remaining products were assigned to a non-ultra-processed food group (primary categorisation) and flagged for sensitivity analyses at which point they would be categorised as ultra-processed. Of all items in the food lists, 36⋅1 % in the NHS and HPFS cohorts and 43⋅5 % in the GUTS cohorts were identified as ultra-processed. Future work is needed to validate this approach. Documentation and discussions of alternative approaches for categorisation are encouraged.
Long range dependence of heavy-tailed random functions
Authors: Kulik Rafal , Spodarev Evgeny 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe introduce a definition of long range dependence of random processes and fields on an (unbounded) index space$T\subseteq \mathbb{R}^d$in terms of integrability of the covariance of indicators that a random function exceeds any given level. This definition is specifically designed to cover the case of random functions with infinite variance. We show the value of this new definition and its connection to limit theorems via some examples including subordinated Gaussian as well as random volatility fields and time series.
Variations of the elephant random walk
Authors: Gut Allan , Stadtmüller Ulrich 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn the classical simple random walk the steps are independent, that is, the walker has no memory. In contrast, in the elephant random walk, which was introduced by Schütz and Trimper [19] in 2004, the next step always depends on the whole path so far. Our main aim is to prove analogous results when the elephant has only a restricted memory, for example remembering only the most remote step(s), the most recent step(s), or both. We also extend the models to cover more general step sizes.
Tonsil surgery in children under two years of age
Authors: Madej O , Kubba H 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundMore young children are undergoing tonsillectomy, driven by sleep-disordered breathing concerns. Their specific risks are not well described.MethodA retrospective review was conducted of children aged 1–23 months undergoing tonsillectomy at one institution between 2014 and 2018.ResultsA total of 157 children were identified (3.9 per cent of all tonsillectomies in those aged 0–16 years). Sixty-seven per cent were male. The youngest child was six months old; the smallest weighed 6.9 kg. Sixty-eight (43.3 per cent) had co-morbidities. The indication for tonsillectomy was sleep-disordered breathing in 94 per cent; 29.9 per cent had co-existing airway lesions, mostly laryngomalacia and tracheobronchomalacia. Of the children, 83.4 per cent were managed post-operatively on the surgical ward, and 63.7 per cent stayed 1 night. Emergency paediatric intensive care unit admission occurred in 3.8 per cent. Early respiratory complications and emergency paediatric intensive care unit admission were more common if the patient was medically complex, aged less than 18 months or weighed less than 12 kg. Re-operation for bleeding occurred in 1.9 per cent.ConclusionMost children stay 1 night on a general ward, with an uneventful course. Complications are occasionally severe, mostly in the very young and medically complex.
Between the utopian imaginaries of literature and international law: The question of the insurgent child in international legal discourse and Kris Montañez’s Youth
Authors: Bagulaya José Duke S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article argues that international law and the literature of civil war, specifically the narratives from the Philippine communist insurgency, present two visions of the child. On the one hand, international law constructs a child that is individual and vulnerable, a victim of violence trapped between the contending parties. Hence, the child is a person who needs to be insulated from the brutality of the civil war. On the other hand, the article reads Filipino writer Kris Montañez’s stories as revolutionary tales that present a rational child, a literary resolution of the dilemmas of a minor’s participation in the world’s longest-running communist insurgency. Indeed, the short narratives collected in Kabanbanuagan (Youth) reveal a tension between a minor’s right to resist in the context of the people’s war and the juridical right to be insulated from the violence. As their youthful bodies are thrown into the world of the state of exception, violence forces children to make the choice of active participation in the hostilities by symbolically and literally assuming the roles played by their elders in the narrative. The article concludes that while this narrative resolution appears to offer a realistic representation and closure, what it proffers is actually a utopian vision that is in tension with international law’s own utopian vision of children. Thus, international law and the stories of youth in Kabanbanuagan provide a powerful critique of each other’s utopian visions.
Neonatal Marfan syndrome with missense variant of c.3706T>C undergoing bilateral atrioventricular valve replacement
Authors: Kawamura Junpei , Ueno Kentaro , Kawano Yoshifumi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNeonatal Marfan syndrome is a rare condition with poor prognosis because of severe mitral and/or tricuspid valve insufficiency. Mitral valve replacement is sometimes required in early infancy, while tricuspid valve replacement is rarely done. We report the first infant neonatal Marfan syndrome case with a missense variant of c.3706T>C in the fibrillin-1 gene that was successfully managed by mitral and tricuspid valve replacement. Early multiple-valve replacement may sometimes be required during infant age in this genetic syndrome.
Bringing the World to the Classroom: Teaching Statistics and Programming in a Project-Based Setting
Authors: Meyer Cosima 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTThis article introduces how to teach an interactive, one-semester-long statistics and programming class. The setting also can be applied to shorter and longer classes as well as introductory and advanced courses. I propose a project-based seminar that also encompasses elements of an inverted classroom. As a result of this combination, the seminar supports students’ learning progress and also creates engaging virtual classes. To demonstrate how to apply a project-based seminar setting to teaching statistics and programming classes, I use an introductory class to data wrangling and management with the statistical software program R. Students are guided through a typical data science workflow that requires data management and data wrangling and concludes with visualizing and presenting first research results during a simulated mini-conference.