bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting Cervical Cancer Screening Practice Among Women Attending Gynecology Out - Patient Department at Mettu Karl Referral Hospital, South West, Ethiopia, 2019
Authors: Nigatu Desalegn , Nigatu Dessalegn nigatu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Introduction : Globally, Cervical cancer is the greatest threat to women's health, which is the fifth cause of death accounting for all types of cancer deaths among women. Globally, 528000 new cases each year and the second most common in developing countries around 445,000 new cases develop cervical cancer each year. Cervical screening practice is the recommended for effective methods for prevention and early detection of cervical cancer. To increase the awareness of cervical cancer screening practice health education is pivotal in any prevention program aimed in reducing the overall prevalence of cervical cancer in the community. Objective : To assess cervical cancer screening practice and associated factors among women attending gynecology out -patient department and maternal and child health at mettu karl referral Hospital, South west, Ethiopia, 2018.Methods : Institutional based cross-sectional study was carried among 321 patients. Systematic random sampling was applied to select study subject and descriptive analysis were employed to describe the percentages and number distributions of the respondents for socio-demographic characteristics. The data was collected through interviewing of respondents and the data was entered EPI data version 4.2 and analyzed by using SPSSS version 20.Bivariate analysis was also used to see the association of independent with the dependent variable. Crude and adjusted odds ratios with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals were computed. A P-value less or equal to 0.05 was considered statistically significant in this study. Result: In this study a total of 321 clients were participated in the study. The mean age was 35.79 with SD±11.46. The majority of participants 225(70.1%) were not intended cervical cancer screening while 96 (29.9%) were intended cervical screening respectively. Age ≥50 (AOR=26.603;95%CI=8.167,86.662),age between 40-49 (AOR=4.152,95%CI=1.630,10.576), had smoking (AOR=0.179;95CI=0.087,0.369), women’s who had STD AOR=0.169; 95%CI=0.82, 0.347), multiple sexual partner of the husband(AOR=1.221; 95%CI=0.687, 2.200) and were used contraceptive (AOR=0.172; 95%CI=0.070, 0.422)were found to have strong association with cervical screening behaviors. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS: According to this finding, the overall rate of those participants who had good screening for cervical cancer practice were about 29.9%. Maternal age, using smoking, using contraceptives, presence of sexually transited disease, and having multiple sexual partner of the husband are predominantly stated factors associated with cervical screening practice.
Finding unknown stimulants applied in food supplements using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Gavai Anand , Bouzembrak Yamine , Bulk Leonieke , Liu Ningjing , Overbeeke Lennert van , Heuvel Lucas , Mol Hans , Marvin Hans 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The world market for food supplements is large and is driven by the claims of these products to, for example, treat obesity, increase focus and alertness, decrease appetite, decrease the need for sleep or reduce impulsivity. The use of illegal compounds in food supplements is a continuous threat, certainly because these compounds and products have not been tested for safety by competent authorities. It is therefore of the utmost importance for the competent authorities to know when new products are being marketed and to warn users against potential health risks. In this study we present an approach to detect new and unknown stimulants in food supplements using machine learning. More than 20 new stimulants were identified from two different data sources, namely scientific literature applying word embedding on > 2 million abstracts and articles from formal and social media on the world wide web using text mining. The results show that the developed approach may be suitable to detect “unknowns” in the emerging risk identification activities performed by the competent authorities, which is currently a major hurdle.
Signalling networks constructed by integrative analysis of multi-omics in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in systemic lupus erythematous patients
Authors: Song Wencong , Zheng Fengping , Huang Shaoying , Cai Wanxia , Yu Haiyan , Hong Xiaoping , He Jingquan , Dai Weier , Yin Lianghong , Tang Donge , Liu Dongzhou , Dai Yong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematous (SLE) is a complex chronic autoimmune disease with productive autoantibodies and multiple organ systems damage. Currently, effective diagnosis and treatment for SLE are still challenged and the mechanism investigation of SLE will be helpful for developing the efficiency of disease diagnosis and treatment. Yet, the mechanism of SLE has not been clearly revealed. Thereafter, it needs more studies on the mechanism of SLE. We aim at investigating and verification critical signaling pathways underneath the molecular mechanism of SLE disease and constructing a systematic signaling network by integrating data from different omics. Methods: 20 pairs of experimental groups (the SLE patients and healthy people) were recruited in our study. Omics technologies and biomolecules included genomics (DNA), whole transcriptomics (miRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs and mRNAs), proteomics (proteins) were used for collecting high throughput data from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of subjects in our study. Joint analysis method of Multi-omics was taken advantage of in our studies for investigating some disease-related regulatory signaling networks.Results: Potential biomolecules that contain unique expression patterns and disease related signaling pathways in SLE were identified in our study. These pathways and biomolecules include complement and coagulation cascades (C1q, C6), Systemic lupus erythematosus (HIST1H2BA, C1QC), Oxidation (NFYB, WFS1, ATXN3L), apoptotic (PIK3R3, GADD45G, CTSF), JAK-STAT (TYK2, STAT1/2), TNF signaling, Cell proliferation, cellular senescence et al. Signaling pathways identified by different omics were connected with each other by sharing some common molecules and constructed the potential systematic regulation networks in SLE.Conclusions: Multi-omics technologies and the integrative analysis method develop some novel potential biomarkers and systemic signaling networks, which promotes our understanding of SLE disease and extend information for improving studies of diagnosis and treatment.
Paricalcitol in management of chronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorder
Authors: Eremkina A. K. , Mokrysheva M. G. 
Published: April 2021

Mineral and bone disorders in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a systemic disorder of mineral and bone metabolism due to CKD manifested by either one or a combination of the following: abnormalities of calcium, phosphorus, PTH, or vitamin D metabolism (secondary hyperparathyroidism); abnormalities in bone turnover, mineralization, volume, linear growth, or strength; or vascular or other soft tissue calcification. Decreasing 1,25(OH)2D (calcitriol) and rising parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels occur on early stages of CKD. Secondary hyperparathyroidism contributes to the high morbidity and mortality noted in this population. Long-term decompensation of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with impaired renal function leads to irreversible changes in multiple organ systems, resistance to conservative treatment and the requirement for surgical intervention. Suppress of renal CYP27B1 and the calcitriol deficiency play a major role in the development of mineral and bone disorders in CKD, thus VDR activators are widely used for management of secondary hyperparathyroidism. These medications are effective in suppression of PTH and demonstrate the positive effects on bone metabolism. There is evidence of pleiotropic effects of VDR activators that are crucial for the prevention of renal fibrosis and extraskeletal calcification. This review focuses on the involvement of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of mineral and bone disorders and the role of paricalcitol in their correction. The efficacy of paricalcitol in patients with various stages of CKD has been evaluated in a large number of observational and randomized clinical trials, the comparative effectiveness of paricalcitol therapy has been summarized in several metanalyses.
The effect of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone blockers on SARS-CoV-2 infection in adults: a systematic review of studies and meta-analyzes
Authors: Leonova М. V. 
Published: April 2021

The article discusses the role of immune dysregulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 infection, the participation of ACE2 for the penetration of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus into cells and the possible role of RAAS blockers, which have a direct effect on the pathological activity of the RAAS, in the development of and the severity of the disease. It is noted that the beneficial organoprotective effects of ACE inhibitors and ARBs may protect against SARS-CoV-2 infection, and their withdrawal may lead to clinical decompensation in patients at high risk of cardiovascular risk. Since then, a number of observational cohort studies have been carried out to address the main questions: does the use of an ACE inhibitor or ARB increase the risk of contracting the novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, and whether the use of RAAS blockers is associated with worse outcomes of COVID-19 disease. The article provides an overview of the scientific evidence on the relationship between the use of RASS blockers and COVID-19 infection. Several cohort studies and two meta-analyzes found no association between prior use of an ACE inhibitor/ARB and the risk of COVID-19 infection (RR 0.96–0.99). In studies on the study of clinical and laboratory features of the action of RAAS blockers in COVID-19, a significantly larger number of subpopulations of T-lymphocytes CD3+ and CD8+, lower concentrations of biomarkers (C-reactive protein, ferritin, IL-6, procalcitonin), as well as a lower viral load. In clinical outcomes, with the use of an ACE inhibitor/ARB, there was a lower incidence of severe/critical forms, and a shorter duration of hospitalization. In large cohort studies with >1000 patients, the use of an ACE inhibitor/ARB was not associated with an increase in the risk of death in patients with COVID-19 (RR < 1.0), and some studies showed a 37–67% decrease in RR. Meta-analyzes also confirmed the absence of the effect of RAAS blockers on the risk of mortality, and in the population of patients with hypertension, a significant reduction in the risk of mortality and severe course of COVID-19 was revealed. Most international associations of specialists, as well as the Russian Cardiological Society, are recommended to continue the use of RAAS blockers in patients with cardiovascular diseases and not to be canceled in case of COVID-19 disease. Further randomized clinical trials are needed to generate new evidence.
Withdrawal Notice: Review: Emerging Role of Nanosuspensions for Drug Delivery and Stability
Authors: Dewangan Hitesh Kumar , Yadav Brijesh , Jha Manas Kumar 
Published: April 2021

The article has been withdrawn at the request of the editor of the journal Current Nanomaterials due to incoherent content and language inconsistencies.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

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Nano Science-process Intensification for the Extraction of Phenolic Compound
from a Natural Source with Stirred Batch Extraction Techniques
Authors: Shewale Sandeep P. , Salunkhe Pratibha , Bhoyar Priya , Zope Rupesh 
Published: April 2021

Background::
The phenolic compounds are normally originating in together edible and
nonedible plants, and they have been described several nanoscience based biological properties,
containing antioxidant movement. The phenolic compound is present in fruits, vegetables, leaves,
tea, coffee, peels, wine, etc. Also, the obtained phenolic compounds from therapeutic herbs and nutritional
plants include phenolic acids, flavonoids, tannins and other. In a corresponding path from
last two decades, nanoscience has wide application in extraction of bioactive components from various
natural resources. Furthermore, nanomaterials have made significant contribution for the improvement
of analytical techniques towards the collective objective to develop analytical recital
and sustainability to developing new techniques for maintain the superiority assurance of food and
beverages.

Methods::
In modern years, extraction and refining of bioactive composites as of natural sources
proven excessive attention as they are used in various sectors such as foodstuffs, perfumery, cosmetics,
paints and medicinal. Hence, separation of natural products and identification of new natural
sources of bioactive compounds have increased methodical and industrialized significance. As
the extraction and purification of these bioactive composites are the main steps to come across the
rising demands.

Results::
The investigational outcomes confirm that the extracted phenolic compounds were maximally
concentrated of 0.101 and 0.126 mg of GAE/g at speed of agitation (rpm) temperature°C respectively.

Conclusion::
In this study extraction of the phenolic compound was carried out from the Citrus Sinensis
(Orange) powder by the stirred batch extraction and comparison with the traditional soxhlet
extraction techniques.
Intrastate Warfare
Authors:   CASIS Vancouver
Published: April 2021

On October 15th, 2020, the Canadian Association for Security and Intelligence Studies (CASIS) Vancouver hosted its sixth Digital Roundtable event of the year, Intrastate Warfare. The presentation was conducted by guest speaker Dr. Arjun Chowdhury, Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of British Columbia.
Dr. Chowdhury’s presentation delivered a historical overview of types of conflicts, and a brief analysis on the patterns of conflicts and whether they have changed over a period of approximately 200 years, with a particular focus on the last 50 years. He described two types of war, interstate and intrastate, mentioning trends in intrastate war and the contrast to interstate war, as well as the consequences to life expectancy and infrastructure in the regions affected by intrastate wars. Subsequently, Dr. Chowdhury answered questions submitted by the attendees, which elaborated on the concepts of interstate and intrastate wars, using current examples such as, COVID-19, right-wing extremism, cybercrimes, and foreign aid.
APA Citation
CASIS Vancouver. (2020). Intrastate warfare. The Journal of Intelligence, Conflict, and Warfare, 3(2), 66-71. https://journals.lib.sfu.ca/index.php/jicw/article/view/2411/1814.
A Gamified Smartphone-Based Intervention for Depression: Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial
Authors: Lukas Christian Aljoscha , Eskofier Bjoern , Berking Matthias 
Published: April 2021

Background
Available smartphone-based interventions for depression predominantly use evidence-based strategies from cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), but patient engagement and reported effect sizes are small. Recently, studies have demonstrated that smartphone-based interventions combining CBT with gamified approach-avoidance bias modification training (AAMT) can foster patient engagement and reduce symptoms of several mental health problems.

Objective
Based on these findings, we developed a gamified smartphone-based intervention, mentalis Phoenix (MT-Phoenix), and hypothesized the program would both engage patients and produce preliminary evidence for the reduction of depressive symptoms.

Methods
To test this hypothesis, we evaluated MT-Phoenix in a randomized controlled pilot trial including 77 individuals with elevated depression scores (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scores ≥5). Participants were either instructed to train for 14 days with MT-Phoenix or assigned to a waitlist control condition. Engagement with the intervention was measured by assessing usage data. The primary outcome was reduction in depressive symptom severity at postassessment.

Results
Data from this pilot trial shows that participants in the intervention group used the smartphone-based intervention for 46% of all days (6.4/14) and reported a significantly greater reduction of depressive symptoms than did participants in the control condition (F1,74=19.34; P=.001), with a large effect size (d=1.02). Effects were sustained at a 3-month follow-up.

Conclusions
A gamified smartphone-based intervention combining CBT with AAMT may foster patient engagement and effectively target depressive symptoms. Future studies should evaluate the effectiveness of this intervention in a phase 3 trial using clinical samples. Moreover, the intervention should be compared to active control conditions.

Trial Registration
German Clinical Trial Registry DRKS00012769; https://tinyurl.com/47mw8du7
Is Medicaid expansion associated with increases in palliative treatments for metastatic cancer?
Authors: Cole Alexander P , Lipsitz Stuart R , Kibel Adam S , Mahal Brandon A , Melnitchouk Nelya , Cooper Zara , Trinh Quoc-Dien 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Medicaid expansion following the 2010 Affordable Care Act has an unknown impact on palliative treatments.
Materials & methods:
This registry-based study of individuals with metastatic cancer from 2010 to 2016 identified men and women with metastatic cancer in expansion and non-expansion states who received palliative treatments. A mixed effects logistic regression compared trends in expansion and non-expansion states and generated risk-adjusted probabilities or receiving palliative treatments each year.
Results:
Despite lower baseline use of palliative treatments, the rate of change was more rapid in expansion states (odds ratio [OR]: 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01–1.03; p < 0.001). The adjusted probability of receiving palliative treatments rose from 21.3 to 26.0% in non-expansion states, and from 19.7 to 26.9% in expansion states.
Conclusion:
Use of palliative treatments among metastatic cancer patients increased from 2010 to 2016 with a significantly greater increase in Medicaid expansion states, even when adjusting for demographic differences between states.
Studi Kualitatif Gangguan Pendengaran Akibat Bising / Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) Pada Marshaller Di Bandar Udara Sultan Thaha Kota Jambi Tahun 2020
Authors: Armia Putri Bella , Halim Rd. , Suryani Nasution Helmi 
Published: April 2021

Kebisingan merupakan salah satu sumber penyebab terjadinya gangguan pendengaran terhadap manusia. Bandar udara dapat menimbulkan kebisingan sebagai hasil dari pencemaran melalui aktivitas lalulintas penerbangan. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari hasil pengukuran tingkat kebisingan dengan alat ukur sound level meter menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata tingkat kebisingan yang dihasilkan di area apron Bandar Udara Sultan Thaha Kota Jambi sebesar 91,4 dB. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran gangguan pendengaran akibat bising pada marshaller di Bandar Udara Sultan Thaha Kota Jambi tahun 2020. Penelitian dilakukan dengan observasional menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, diperoleh 2 dari 3 marshaller yang merupakan informan utama dalam penelitian mengalami gangguan pendengaran. 1 dari 2 informan tersebut mengalami gangguan pendengaran akibat bising pada kedua telinganya, sedangkan informan lainnya mengalami gangguan pendengaran akibat bising di telinga sebelah kanan. Informan tidak mengalami gangguan pendengaran akibat bising (telinga normal). Pencegahan hanya dapat dilakukan melalui penggunaan alat pelindung diri terhadap pekerja tetapi masih kurangnya kedisiplinan dalam menerapakan penggunaan APD tersebut.
Kata Kunci: Bandar Udara, Gangguan Pendengaran, Kebisingan.
Study komperasi struktur ekonomi Negara ASEAN
Authors: Syaparuddin Syaparuddin , Rahmadi Selamet , Yusnita Yusnita 
Published: April 2021

This study aims to analyze: 1) changes in the economic structure of ASEAN countries; 2) comparison of the economic structure of ASEAN countries. The data used in this research is secondary data which includes 2000-2016 time-series data and 10 countries cross-sections. Based on the results of the analysis, it shows that changes in the economic structure of ASEAN countries from 2000 to 2016 fluctuated each year. It can be seen from the GDP data on the average contribution of sectors based on business fields and based on shifting sub-sectors, namely the agricultural sector, the industrial sector, and the service sector. From the economic structure of ASEAN countries apart from (Singapore) for the agricultural sector, the largest contribution was Myanmar 40.55%, and the lowest contribution was Brunei Darussalam 0.89%. For the industrial sector, the largest contribution was Brunei Darussalam 66.79%, and the lowest contribution was Myanmar 23.22%. The service sector with the largest contribution was the Philippines at 54.91%, and the lowest contribution was Brunei Darussalam 32.31%.
Keywords: Leading sector, Shift-share, Economic Structure, GDP