bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence, Clinical Features, and In-hospital Outcome of Fatty Liver Disease in Acute Aortic Dissection: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Zuo Yifan , Cai Xin , Wang Zhiwei , Hu Zhipeng , Wu Zhiyong , Zhang Min , Yu Anfeng , Liu Liang , Xing Yun 
Published: August 2021

Background and Aims: Fatty liver disease (FLD) has emerged as a major public issue in China. We aim to investigate prevalence, clinical features, and in-hospital outcome of FLD in acute aortic dissection (AAD) patients.Methods: Data of 379 AAD patients from 2017 to 2019 at Renmin hospital of Wuhan University was retrospectively collected and divided according to age and FLD absence. Propensity score matching was used for minimal confounding. We compared their physical environmental parameter of onset, clinical features, and in-hospital outcome.Results: The mean age was 52.0 ± 11.5 years in type A and 55.1 ± 11.4 in type B. 25.0% of type A and 19.2% of type B AAD patients had FLD. Logistic regression indicated a negative association between FLD and age, both in type A [unadjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.958 (per 1 year), 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.930–0.988, p = 0.0064] and type B [unadjusted OR 0.943 (per 1 year), 95% CI 0.910–0.978, p = 0.0013]. After matching, type A with FLD had onset with a lower air quality index (AQI) of 68.5 [interquartile range (IQR) 46.0–90.0] and a lower Pm 2.5 concentration of 36.0 μg/m3 (IQR 23.0–56.0) compared with non-FLD group. In Kaplan-Meier estimation, FLD was associated with higher risk of in-hospital mortality in type B AAD (p = 0.0297).Conclusion: The prevalence of FLD in AAD decrease with age, both in type A and type B AAD. Type A AAD patients with FLD had onset with better air quality parameters compared with non-FLD group. FLD was associated with higher risk of in-hospital mortality in type B AAD.
The Plenus Cold Event Record in the Abyssal DSDP Site 367 (Cape Verde, Central Atlantic): Environmental Perturbations and Impacts on the Nitrogen Cycle
Authors: Riquier Laurent , Cadeau Pierre , Danzelle Julien , Baudin François , Pucéat Emmanuelle , Thomazo Christophe 
Published: August 2021

The Oceanic Anoxic Event 2, at the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary (∼93.9 Ma), was an episode of widespread burial of organic matter in marine sediments, underlined by a positive carbon-isotope (δ13C) excursion observed worldwide. Within this episode of O2-depleted conditions, a short interval of cooling, termed as the Plenus Cold Event, has been recorded in many sites and sections in the northern hemisphere (Tethyan domain, Western Interior Seaway, proto-North Atlantic Ocean). But, its record and its impact on the biogeochemical cycles of carbon and nitrogen in the southern part of Central Atlantic Ocean has not been explored yet. Here, we present a detailed geochemical study of the Deep Sea Drilling Project site 367 (Cape Verde) based on a compilation of previous and new data of carbon and nitrogen isotope signals as well as trace element concentrations. The aim of this study is to better constrain the evolution of oxygenation in the water column and the associated changes in nitrogen cycle before and during the Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 in order to understand the paleoceanographic and environmental consequences of the Plenus Cold Event at one of the deepest site of the Central Atlantic Ocean. Our new dataset improves the resolution of the δ13C curve for this site, and we propose a new chemo-stratigraphic frame of the carbon excursion allowing for a better identification of the short-term negative carbon isotope excursion associated to the Plenus Cold Event. The detailed evolution of redox-sensitive proxies (Mo, U, V, Fe, Cu, Ni enrichments and Corg/Ptotal) and isotopic signals (δ13Corg and δ15Ntotal) evidence that this deep site was impacted by this cooling event. While anoxic conditions prevailed in bottom waters before and during the onset of the Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 characterized by euxinic NH4+-rich water column, this cooling event was accompanied by reoxygenation of the water column, which had affected the behavior of the redox-sensitive elements and caused changes in nitrogen biogeochemical cycling.
Detecting the Vegetation Change Related to the Creep of 2018 Baige Landslide in Jinsha River, SE Tibet Using SPOT Data
Authors: Guo Xinyi , Guo Qing , Feng Zhongkui 
Published: August 2021

It is vital to monitor the post-seismic landslides economically and effectively in high-mountain regions for the long term. The landslide creep could cause a subtle change of the overlying vegetation after the earthquake, which will lead to the change of vegetation spectral characteristics in optical remote sensing data. The optical remote sensing technique can be used to monitor the landslide creep areas with dense vegetation in a large range at a low cost because it is easy to obtain multi-temporal, multiple-scale, and multi-spectral information. We identified and extracted the vegetation change area before the 2018 Baige landslide by the high-resolution optical remote sensing data. Firstly, the image fusion method was used to improve the accuracy of change detection. Then, vegetation coverage before the landslide was calculated. The vegetation change was identified, and qualitative and quantitative methods were used to analyze the spatio-temporal changes of vegetation coverage. Our results indicate that the creep distance of the landslide is about 50 m and the vegetation in the back scarp area and the main sliding area display a significant downward trend with time closing to the landslide comparing with that in the reference area. The vegetation change in the remote sensing image has an excellent spatio-temporal correlation with the landslide creep. This study provides a possible way and perspective for monitoring post-seismic landslide disasters.
A Neoantigen-Based Peptide Vaccine for Patients With Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Refractory to Standard Treatment
Authors: Chen Zheling , Zhang Shanshan , Han Ning , Jiang Jiahong , Xu Yunyun , Ma Dongying , Lu Lantian , Guo Xiaojie , Qiu Min , Huang Qinxue , Wang Huimin , Mo Fan , Chen Shuqing , Yang Liu 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundNeoantigens are critical targets to elicit robust antitumor T-cell responses. Personalized cancer vaccines developed based on neoantigens have shown promising results by prolonging cancer patients’ overall survival (OS) for several cancer types. However, the safety and efficacy of these vaccine modalities remains unclear in pancreatic cancer patients.MethodsThis retrospective study enrolled 7 advanced pancreatic cancer patients. Up to 20 neoantigen peptides per patient identified by our in-house pipeline iNeo-Suite were selected, manufactured and administered to these patients with low tumor mutation burden (TMB) (less than 10 mutations/Mb). Each patient received multiple doses of vaccine depending on the progression of the disease. Peripheral blood samples of each patient were collected pre- and post-vaccination for the analysis of the immunogenicity of iNeo-Vac-P01 through ELISpot assay and flow cytometry.ResultsNo severe vaccine-related adverse effects were witnessed in patients enrolled in this study. The mean OS, OS associated with vaccine treatment and progression free survival (PFS) were reported to be 24.1, 8.3 and 3.1 months, respectively. Higher peripheral IFN-γ titer and CD4+ or CD8+ effector memory T cells count post vaccination were found in patients with relatively long overall survival. Remarkably, for patient P01 who had a 21-month OS associated with vaccine treatment, the abundance of antigen-specific TCR clone drastically increased from 0% to nearly 100%, indicating the potential of iNeo-Vac-P01 in inducing the activation of a specific subset of T cells to kill cancer cells.ConclusionsNeoantigen identification and selection were successfully applied to advanced pancreatic cancer patients with low TMB. As one of the earliest studies that addressed an issue in treating pancreatic cancer with personalized vaccines, it has been demonstrated that iNeo-Vac-P01, a personalized neoantigen-based peptide vaccine, could improve the currently limited clinical efficacy of pancreatic cancer.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier (NCT03645148).Registered August 24, 2018 - Retrospectively registered
Gallbladder Polyps Increase the Risk of Ischaemic Heart Disease Among Korean Adults
Authors: Lee Yong-Jae , Park Byoungjin , Hong Kyung-Won , Jung Dong-Hyuk 
Published: August 2021

Background: Gallbladder (GB) polyps and ischaemic heart disease (IHD) share some common risk factors. We investigated the longitudinal effects of gallbladder (GB) polyps, as a surrogate metabolic indicator, on IHD.Methods: We enrolled 19,612 participants from the health risk assessment study (HERAS) and Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) database. The primary outcome was IHD, which consisted of angina pectoris (ICD-10 code I20) or acute myocardial infarction (ICD-10 code I21) that occurred after enrolment into the study. We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for IHD according to the presence of GB polyps using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models.Results: The median follow-up period was 29.9 months and a total of 473 individuals (2.4%, 473/19,612) developed IHD. Individuals with GB polyps had an increased risk of IHD compared with the control group after adjusting for potential confounding variables (HR = 1.425; 95% CI, 1.028–1.975). Furthermore, the coexistence of hypertension or dyslipidaemia resulted in an increased risk (HR = 2.14, 95% CI, 1.34–3.44 or HR = 2.09, 95% CI, 1.32–3.31, respectively) of new-onset IHD in the GB polyp group.Conclusions: GB polyps was an independent risk factor of IHD. Awareness of these associations will inform clinicians on the need to include cardiovascular risk management as part of the routine management of patients with GB polyps.
Laboratory Testing Implications of Risk-Stratification and Management of COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Liu Caidong , Wang Ziyu , Wu Wei , Xiang Changgang , Wu Lingxiang , Li Jie , Hou Weiye , Sun Huiling , Wang Youli , Nie Zhenling , Gao Yingdong , Zhang Ruisheng , Tang Haixia , Wang Qianghu , Li Kening , Xia Xinyi , Li Pengping , Wang Shukui 
Published: August 2021

Objective: To distinguish COVID-19 patients and non-COVID-19 viral pneumonia patients and classify COVID-19 patients into low-risk and high-risk at admission by laboratory indicators.Materials and methods: In this retrospective cohort, a total of 3,563 COVID-19 patients and 118 non-COVID-19 pneumonia patients were included. There are two cohorts of COVID-19 patients, including 548 patients in the training dataset, and 3,015 patients in the testing dataset. Laboratory indicators were measured during hospitalization for all patients. Based on laboratory indicators, we used the support vector machine and joint random sampling to risk stratification for COVID-19 patients at admission. Based on laboratory indicators detected within the 1st week after admission, we used logistic regression and joint random sampling to develop the survival mode. The laboratory indicators of COVID-10 and non-COVID-19 were also compared.Results: We first identified the significant laboratory indicators related to the severity of COVID-19 in the training dataset. Neutrophils percentage, lymphocytes percentage, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen with AUC &gt;0.7 were included in the model. These indicators were further used to build a support vector machine model to classify patients into low-risk and high-risk at admission in the testing dataset. Results showed that this model could stratify the patients in the testing dataset effectively (AUC = 0.89). Our model still has good performance at different times (Mean AUC: 0.71, 0.72, 0.72, respectively for 3, 5, and 7 days after admission). Moreover, laboratory indicators detected within the 1st week after admission were able to estimate the probability of death (AUC = 0.95). We identified six indicators with permutation p &lt; 0.05, including eosinophil percentage (p = 0.007), white blood cell count (p = 0.045), albumin (p = 0.041), aspartate transaminase (p = 0.043), lactate dehydrogenase (p = 0.002), and hemoglobin (p = 0.031). We could diagnose COVID-19 and differentiate it from other kinds of viral pneumonia based on these laboratory indicators.Conclusions: Our risk-stratification model based on laboratory indicators could help to diagnose, monitor, and predict severity at an early stage of COVID-19. In addition, laboratory findings could be used to distinguish COVID-19 and non-COVID-19.
Apolipoprotein E Induced Cognitive Dysfunction: Mediation Analysis of Lipids and Glucose Biomarkers in an Elderly Cohort Study
Authors: Liu Linxin , Li Huichu , Iyer Hari , Liu Andy J. , Zeng Yi , Ji John S. 
Published: August 2021

IntroductionPrior evidence suggested Apolipoprotein E (APOE), lipids, and glucose metabolism may act through the same pathways on the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD).MethodsThis prospective study used data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Study. We tested the associations of APOE genotype (ε2ε2, ε2ε3, ε2ε4, ε3ε3, ε3ε4, and ε4ε4) and cognitive function using generalized estimating equations (GEE). We examined for possible mediation and effect modification by lipids and glucose level in this association.ResultsAPOE ε2 showed significant direct protective effect and indirect harmful effect through TC on cognitive function. Abnormal lipids or glucose levels were not consistently associated with cognitive dysfunction in our study. We did not detect significant indirect effects through lipids for APOE ε4 or any indirect effects through glucose.DiscussionThese findings suggested complicated relationships among APOE, lipids, glucose, and cognitive function. Further study can make validations in other populations.
Efficacy and Safety of PARP Inhibitor Combination Therapy in Recurrent Ovarian Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ren Ning , Zhang Leyin , Yu Jieru , Guan Siqi , Dai Xinyang , Sun Leitao , Ying Minli 
Published: August 2021

ObjectivesThough it is known to all that PARP inhibitors (PARPis) are effective when used as maintenance alone for women with recurrent ovarian cancer (ROC), little is known about whether using them in combination with other drugs would contribute to a better efficacy. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the efficacy and safety of PARPi combination therapy compared with monotherapy.Materials and MethodsWe searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that offered the date we needed in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and major conference. Data extraction and processing were completed by three investigators to compare OS, PFS, and ORR both in intervention and in control subset. Then, we calculated the pooled RR and 95% CI of all-grade and high-grade adverse effects to study its safety. And we evaluated the within-study heterogeneity by using subgroup and sensitivity analysis.Results and ConclusionA total of three eligible RCTs covering 343 women were included. In PFS analysis, PARP inhibitor (PARPi) combination therapy can significantly improve PFS for women with ROC when compared with the controls (HR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.35 to 0.59), especially for those with mutated BRCA (HR: 0.29, 95% CI: 0.19 to 0.45). And in OS analysis, combination therapy is not inferior to monotherapy (HR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.50 to 1.61). As for ORR, the effectiveness of combination therapy and monotherapy was almost the same (RR: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.82 to 1.31). Additionally, combination therapy seldom causes more adverse events, both in all-grade and in high grade.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (identifier, CRD42018109933).
Clinicopathological and Prognostic Characteristics in Dedifferentiated/Poorly Differentiated Chordomas: A Pooled Analysis of Individual Patient Data From 58 Studies and Comparison With Conventional Chordomas
Authors: Liu Fu-Sheng , Zheng Bo-Wen , Zhang Tao-Lan , Li Jing , Lv Guo-Hua , Yan Yi-Guo , Huang Wei , Zou Ming-Xiang 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundCurrently, the clinicopathological and prognostic characteristics of dedifferentiated chordoma (DC) and poorly differentiated chordoma (PDC) remain poorly understood. In this study, we sought to characterize clinicopathological parameters in a large PDC/DC cohort and determine their correlations with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients. We also attempted to compare clinical features between PDC/DC and conventional chordoma (CC).MethodsLiterature searches (from inception to June 01, 2020) using Medline, Embase, Google Scholar and Wanfang databases were conducted to identify eligible studies according to predefined criteria. The local database at our center was also retrospectively reviewed to include CC patients for comparative analysis.ResultsFifty-eight studies from the literature and 90 CC patients from our local institute were identified; in total, 54 PDC patients and 96 DC patients were analyzed. Overall, PDC or DC had distinct characteristics from CC, while PDC and DC shared similar clinical features. Adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy were associated with both PFS and OS in PDC patients in the univariate and/or multivariate analyses. In the DC cohort, tumor resection type, adjuvant chemotherapy and tumor dedifferentiation components significantly affected PFS, whereas none of them were predictive of outcome in the multivariate analysis. By analyzing OS, we found that surgery, resection type and the time to dedifferentiation predicted the survival of DC patients; however, only surgery remained significant after adjusting for other covariables.ConclusionsThese data may offer useful information to better understand the clinical characteristics of PDC/DC and may be helpful in improving the outcome prediction of patients.
Rectal Tumor Stiffness Quantified by In Vivo Tomoelastography and Collagen Content Estimated by Histopathology Predict Tumor Aggressiveness
Authors: Hu Jiaxi , Guo Jing , Pei Yigang , Hu Ping , Li Mengsi , Sack Ingolf , Li Wenzheng 
Published: August 2021

PurposeTo investigate the significance of collagen in predicting the aggressiveness of rectal tumors in patients, examined in vivo based on tomoelastography quantified stiffness and ex vivo by histologically measured collagen volume fraction (CVF).Experimental Design170 patients with suspected rectal cancer were prospectively enrolled and underwent preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and rectal tomoelastography, a technique based on multifrequency magnetic resonance elastography. Histopathologic analysis identified eighty patients with rectal cancer who were divided into subgroups by tumor-node (TN) stage, prognostic stage, and risk level. Rectal tumor stiffness was correlated with histopathologic CVF. Area-under-the-curve (AUC) and contingency analysis were used to evaluate the performance of rectal stiffness in distinguishing tumor stages which was compared to standard clinical MRIResultsIn vivo tomoelastography revealed that rectal tumor stiffened significantly with increased TN stage (p&lt;0.05). Tumors with poorly differentiated status, perineural and lymphovascular invasion also displayed higher stiffness than well-to-moderately differentiated, noninvasive tumors (all p&lt;0.05). Similar to in vivo stiffness, CVF indicated an abnormally high collagen content in tumors with perineural invasion and poor differentiation status. CVF was also positively correlated with stiffness (p&lt;0.05). Most importantly, both stiffness (AUROC: 0.82) and CVF (AUROC: 0.89) demonstrated very good diagnostic accuracy in detecting rectal tumors that have high risk for progressing to an aggressive state with poorer prognosis.ConclusionIn human rectal carcinomas, overexpression of collagen is correlated with increased tissue stiffness and high risk for tumor advancing more aggressively. In vivo tomoelastography quantifies rectal tumor stiffness which improves the diagnostic performance of standard MRI in the assessment of lymph nodes metastasis. Therefore, in vivo stiffness mapping by tomoelastography can predict rectal tumor aggressiveness and add diagnostic value to MRI.
Remdesivir and Cyclosporine Synergistically Inhibit the Human Coronaviruses OC43 and SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Hsu Hsing-Yu , Yang Cheng-Wei , Lee Yue-Zhi , Lin Yi-Ling , Chang Sui-Yuan , Yang Ruey-Bing , Liang Jian-Jong , Chao Tai-Ling , Liao Chun-Che , Kao Han-Chieh , Wu Szu-Huei , Chang Jang-Yang , Sytwu Huey-Kang , Chen Chiung-Tong , Lee Shiow-Ju 
Published: August 2021

Remdesivir, a prodrug targeting RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase, and cyclosporine, a calcineurin inhibitor, individually exerted inhibitory activity against human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43) in HCT-8 and MRC-5 cells at EC50 values of 96 ± 34 ∼ 85 ± 23 nM and 2,920 ± 364 ∼ 4,419 ± 490 nM, respectively. When combined, these two drugs synergistically inhibited HCoV-OC43 in both HCT-8 and MRC-5 cells assayed by immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Remdesivir and cyclosporine also separately reduced IL-6 production induced by HCoV-OC43 in human lung fibroblasts MRC-5 cells with EC50 values of 224 ± 53 nM and 1,292 ± 352 nM, respectively; and synergistically reduced it when combined. Similar trends were observed for SARS-CoV-2, which were 1) separately inhibited by remdesivir and cyclosporine with respective EC50 values of 3,962 ± 303 nM and 7,213 ± 143 nM by IFA, and 291 ± 91 nM and 6,767 ± 1,827 nM by a plaque-formation assay; and 2) synergistically inhibited by their combination, again by IFA and plaque-formation assay. Collectively, these results suggest that the combination of remdesivir and cyclosporine merits further study as a possible treatment for COVID-19 complexed with a cytokine storm.