bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Awareness, attitude, and action about COVID-19 among Rural Elders
Authors: Nanjunda Devajana Chinnappa , Lakshmi Jyothi S 
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND:
The China origin coronavirus has spread across the globe including India. As per the epidemiology, the corona is targeting the elderly people more. Hence more aged people are being infected in India and losing their lives as well. The government has taken all the efforts to prevent the effects of this pandemic on the citizens.

OBJECTIVE:
The major aim of the current study is to find out the perception and opinions of COVID-19 among the rural elderly people.

METHODS:
The current study has been conducted in the Mysore district, Karnataka State, using a snowball technique through local health workers. Moreover, local sources have been used to collect the data by using survey questionnaires, and descriptive data were collected over the telephone with the respondents (because of lockdown).

RESULTS:
The majority of respondents are well aware of the pandemic and have expressed serious concern and have taken required precautionary methods However, but they lack more precise information in practice.

CONCLUSION:
The specific and concrete knowledge about the corona pandemic is very crucial while evaluating a proper plan to prevent spreading the disease and evidence-based clinic awareness. Frequent communication between health workers, media, and other sources is very vital and of higher concern interpreted into more compliance with cautionary endorsements.
Review Of Etiopathogenesis Of Manas Vikara According to Ayurveda
Authors: Jadhwar Ganesh , Bansode Ramesh , Sant S. S. 
Published: April 2021

Ayurveda is a science of life. Ayurveda explained the normal state of body composition and its abnormalities like tridosha, sapt dhatu, panchmahabhutas etc. In modern science, many psychiatric disorders are explained under idiopathic causes of it. According to Ayurveda we have scope to find causes and etiopathogenesis of psychiatric disorder ( manas vikara ). We can study the etiopathogenesis of manas vikara by knowing the abnormal functions of ayurvedic basic fundamentals like the correlation of manas dosha with sharirik dosha , sapta dhatu , srotasa, panchmahabhuta, dhatu sarata etc. In definition of Of health physical , social as well as mental health is important. In present era there are so many strenous Work which is directraly or indirectly affects every single person.in an order it causes psychological problems.generally for all types of mental disorders ,Alpasatva (weak mind),manovahastrotas manas dosha viz,raja and tama and tridosha viz vata pitta kapha are said to be responsible according to Ayurveda. So this abstracts revivews advances of etiopathogenesis of manasvikara.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TO EVALUATE HAEMODYNAMIC ACTION OF HERBO-MINERAL COMPOUNDS
Authors: Sane Apoorva Prashant 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT :
Aim: Every Â¼ individuals die due to cardiac failure. Cardiac diseases are increasing and ranks 1st in top 10 causes of death as per WHO. In order to increase life span and mortal period we must find an alternative treatment and so we have the rich ancient wisdom from Ayurveda. We have to utilize this knowledge scientifically so that we can understand their action and use them to cure diseased person. Objective: To evaluate the heamodynamic action of herbo-mineral compound in healthy individual. Material & Method: Four healthy individuals were selected for the study. Each healthy individual consumed a different bhasma and post consumption the following parameters were checked Heart Rate (HR), Systolic blood pressure (SBP), Stroke volume (SV) , Cardiac output(CO), Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) ; were recorded at intervals of immediately after consumption, after 1 hour and after 2 hours. Rasa bhasma administered tamra bhasma, abhrak bhasma, suvarna makshik bhasma, mauktik bhasma. Method Of Evaluation: Deviation in parameters was observed from normal standard value leading to conclusion of heamodynamic effect.
Result:
Sr no Bhasma name Chronotropic effect Inotropic effect

Tamra bhasma Positive Negative
Abhrak bhasma Negative Negative
Swarna makshik bhasma Neutral Negative
Mauktik bhasma Neutral Negative

Conclusion : Herbomineral compounds have a significant haemodynamic effect on the human body.
To study the views of doctors on heavy metal poisoning in Mumbai.
Authors: Dongre Suryabhan Shriram , Thorat Vidhyashree 
Published: April 2021

Aims and objectives: To study the views of Doctors on heavy metal poisoning in Mumbai Material and methods: Heavy metals, like arsenic, lead, mercury, and others, are all around us. Theyâ€™re in the ground we walk on, in the water we drink, and in the products we use every day. But high levels of most heavy metals can make you sick. While our bodies need small amounts of some heavy metals â€” such as zinc, copper, chromium, iron, and manganese â€” toxic amounts are harmful. If our body's soft tissues accumulate too much of heavy metals, the resulting poisoning can cause serious damage. Though there are variety of medical uses of heavy metals, still each metal has its own side effects which disturb human health. We have to use solid evidence that demonstrates the safety, efficacy, and effectiveness of specific alternative medicine . Also We have to study General biocompatibility (how metals react with human tissue) and Immunological biocompatibility (The adverse reaction due to an immunological or allergic type response from metals). For the better study of heavy metal toxicity, we have carried out survey taking opinions of Doctors in Mumbai and Thane region.
Observations: Commonly found views are : In most of the medicines Doctors identify Lead as poisonous, Most of the metal poisoning cases occur accidentally, Ayurvedic medicines should be standardized by Ayurvedic parameters so that metals will not be in free form & never cause toxicity, use of herbal preparations is the alternative to medicines containing metals. Conclusion: From the survey of heavy metal poisoning we conclude that there are herbal drugs which function as the alternative solutions for the use of heavy metals , Other medicines can be used after the proper detoxification of heavy metals.
TO STUDY AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF ALOPECIA AREATA (INDRALUPTA)
Authors: Vora Sayali Sudesh 
Published: April 2021

Alopecia areata is a T cell driven auto immune disorder producing non scarring alopecia. The cause of this disease is unknown. It is also known as spot baldness.It causes hair loss of scalp, face and sometimes other areas of body. [1]
The lifetime incidence of alopecia areata is 0.1% â€“ 0.2% of the population. More than half of affected patients are younger than 20 years. There is no predictable treatment in modern medicine. High and super potency corticosteroids are used orally, topically or intradermal injections. But mode of treatment is impractical in children
According to Ayurveda, Indralupta is one of the type of khalitya .Ayurvedic texts in the context of khalitya explained is primarily predominant tridoshajanya vyadh
E EVALUASI MUTU MINYAK BUMI DENGAN DISTILASI TRUE BOILING POINT (TBP) BERDASARKAN PARAMETER UJI SIFAT FISIKA SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU PRODUK KEROSIN DAN AVTUR
Authors: Sari Dian Kurnia , Ternando Rian 
Published: April 2021

Minyak bumi dievaluasi guna menentukan potensi minyak bumi sebagai bahan baku kilang minyak untuk menghasilkan fraksi yang dikehendaki. Evaluasi yang dilakukan meliputi pengujian sifat umum minyak bumi, klasifikasi minyak bumi dengan distilasi True Boiling Point (TBP) wide cut (pemotongan jarak lebar) serta analisis fraksi kerosin. Fraksi kerosin yang dihasilkan dari primary process dapat diolah menjadi bahan bakar rumah tangga (minyak tanah) dan bahan bakar lampu penerangan. Selain itu fraksi kerosin juga dapat dioalah menjadi bahan bakar untuk pesawat terbang jenis jet (avtur). Avtur adalah kerosin yang dengan spesifikasi yang diperketat, terutama mengenai titik uap dan titik beku. Untuk melakukan pengolahan pada minyak bumi perlu diketahui karakteristik dan spesifikasi minyak bumi (bahan baku) yang akan diolah untuk mengetahui mutu dan manfaat minyak bumi tersebut. Salah satu parameter uji analisis minyak bumi yaitu parameter sifat fisika. Dari data distilasi TBP diperoleh persentase fraksi kerosin Crude Oil 99 PT HS sebesar 29 % vol sedangkan Crude Oil 165 PT RT sebesar 23 % vol. Berdasarkan analisis sifat fisika yang meliputi Specific Gravity, Refractive Index nD20, Freezing Point, Smoke Point, Flash Point “Abel”, Aniline Point, Copper Strip Corrosion, Kinematic Viscosity dan Characterization KUOP. Crude Oil 99 dan Crude Oil 165 memiliki mutu yang baik serta memenuhi spesifikasi produk kerosin maupun produk avtur.
P PENENTUAN WAKTU PEMAKAIAN STORAGE TANK MELALUI ANALISA DATA HASIL PENGUKURAN ULTRASONIC THICKNESS PADA TANGKI TEP-028 DI STASIUN PENGUMPUL JEMENANG PT PERTAMINA EP ASSET 2 FIELD LIMAU
Authors: Alida Roni , Anjastara Afven Pajar 
Published: April 2021

Storage tank menjadi bagian penting dalam suatu proses industri perminyakan karena tidak hanya menjadi tempat penyimpanan bahan baku serta dapat menjaga produk dari kontaminan. Pada umumnya penampungan produk yang terdapat pada industri perminyakan berupa fluida (gas, minyak, dan air). Metode pengujian yang dilakukan pada Tugas Akhir ini yaitu dengan dua metode, metode pertama adalah dengan melakukan pengamatan visual pada storage tank yang akan diuji, dan metode kedua yaitu melakukan pengujian dengan alat ultrasonic thickness pada storage tank dengan ketentuan 8 titik pengujian pada setiap shell course storage tank. Dari data hasil pengujian dilakukan perhitungan untuk menentukan actual thickness, corrosion rate, remaining life, eksternal inspection dan ultrasonic thickness inspection. Dari hasil pengujian dan perhitungan sebelum perbaikan (rejected condition), didapat bahwa nilai design thickness 6 mm, actual thickness 0,10 mm, required thickness 2,54, corrosion rate 0,49 mm/tahun dan remaining life -4,96. Sedangkan hasil pengujian dan perhitungan setelah perbaikan (accepted condition), didapat bahwa nilai design thickness 6 mm, actual thickness 5,90 mm, required thickness 2,54, corrosion rate 0,49 mm/tahun dan remaining life 6,86 tahun atau ± 6 tahun 10 bulan kedepan, serta untuk penjadwalan waktu inspeksi rutin eksternal inspection dan ultrasonic thickness inspection 1,6 tahun atau ± 1 tahun 7 bulan yang akan datang. Pada storage tank terdapat pergantian plate yang baru pada tangki produksi tersebut sebanyak 11 keping plate.
Ontology and Atrocity: Teaching Heidegger’s Philosophy of Art
Authors: Smyth Daniel 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis article sketches a strategy for teaching Heidegger’s essay “The Origin of the Work of Art” (“Origin”). I illustrate how one can address Heidegger’s Nazi affiliation while simultaneously engaging his philosophy of art on its own terms—goals that often work at cross purposes in the classroom. Like many, I read “Origin” together with Meyer Schapiro’s critique of Heidegger’s interpretation of a van Gogh still life of shoes, which figures so prominently in “Origin.” My innovation is to pair the Heidegger/Schapiro dispute with Holocaust imagery of victims’ shoes and personal effects. Such imagery serves to introduce historical and political context for the debate and to highlight methodological differences in their conceptions of the meaning, reception, and interpretation of artworks and images more generally. These differences raise big-picture questions about the norms that govern our engagements with art and the theoretical desiderata we want a philosophy of art to satisfy. The dispute between Heidegger and Schapiro, read in conjunction with Holocaust imagery, lends these rather abstract questions a concreteness and urgency that greatly enhances classroom discussion.
Cytologic Assessment of Cystic/Intraductal Lesions of the Pancreatobiliary Tract
Authors: Reid Michelle D. 
Published: April 2021

Context.—
Because of new and improved imaging techniques, cystic/intraductal pancreatobiliary tract lesions are increasingly being discovered, and brushings or endoscopic ultrasound/computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging–guided fine-needle aspiration biopsies from these lesions have become an integral part of pathologists' daily practice. Because patient management has become increasingly conservative, accurate preoperative diagnosis is critical. Cytologic distinction of low-risk (pseudocysts, serous cystadenoma, lymphoepithelial cysts, and squamoid cysts of the pancreatic duct) from high-risk pancreatic cysts (intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm and mucinous cystic neoplasm) requires incorporation of clinical, radiologic, and cytologic findings, in conjunction with chemical and molecular analysis of cyst fluid. Cytopathologists must ensure appropriate specimen triage, along with cytologic interpretation, cyst classification, and even grading of some (mucinous) cysts. Epithelial atypia in mucinous cysts (intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm and mucinous cystic neoplasm) has transitioned from a 3-tiered to a 2-tiered classification system, and intraductal oncocytic papillary neoplasms and intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasms have been separately reclassified because of their distinctive clinicopathologic characteristics. Because these lesions may be sampled on brushing or fine-needle aspiration biopsy, knowledge of their cytomorphology is critical.

Objective.—
To use an integrated, multidisciplinary approach for the evaluation of cystic/intraductal pancreatobiliary tract lesions (incorporating clinical, radiologic, and cytologic findings with [chemical/molecular] cyst fluid analysis and ancillary stains) for definitive diagnosis and classification.

Data Sources.—
Review of current literature on the cytopathology of cystic/intraductal pancreatobiliary tract lesions.

Conclusions.—
Our knowledge/understanding of recent updates in cystic/intraductal pancreatobiliary lesions can ensure that cytopathologists appropriately triage specimens, judiciously use and interpret ancillary studies, and incorporate the studies into reporting.
Hate Speech
Authors: Carlson Caitlin Ring 
Published: April 2021

An investigation of hate speech: legal approaches, current controversies, and suggestions for limiting its spread.
Hate speech can happen anywhere—in Charlottesville, Virginia, where young men in khakis shouted, “Jews will not replace us”; in Myanmar, where the military used Facebook to target the Muslim Rohingya; in Capetown, South Africa, where a pastor called on ISIS to rid South Africa of the "homosexual curse.” In person or online, people wield language to attack others for their race, national origin, religion, gender, gender identity, sexual orientation, age, disability, or other aspects of identity. This volume in the MIT Press Essential Knowledge series examines hate speech: what it is, and is not; its history; and efforts to address it.
Author Caitlin Ring Carlson, an expert in communication and mass media, defines hate speech as any expression—spoken words, images, or symbols—that seeks to malign people for their immutable characteristics. Hate speech is not synonymous with offensive speech—saying that you do not like someone does not constitute hate speech—or hate crimes, which are criminal acts motivated by prejudice. Hate speech traumatizes victims and degrades societies that condone it. Carlson investigates legal approaches taken by the EU, Brazil, Canada, Germany, Japan, South Africa, and the United States, with a detailed discussion of how the U.S. addresses, and in most cases, allows, hate speech. She explores recent hate speech controversies, and suggests ways that governments, colleges, media organizations, and other organizations can limit the spread of hate speech.
Changes in the analysis of temporal community dynamics data: a 29-year literature review
Authors: Buckley Hannah L. , Day Nicola J. , Lear Gavin , Case Bradley S. 
Published: April 2021

Background
Understanding how biological communities change over time is of increasing importance as Earth moves into the Anthropocene. A wide variety of methods are used for multivariate community analysis and are variously applied to research that aims to characterise temporal dynamics in community composition. Understanding these methods and how they are applied is useful for determining best practice in community ecology.

Methodology
We reviewed the ecological literature from 1990 to 2018 that used multivariate methods to address questions of temporal community dynamics. For each paper that fulfilled our search criteria, we recorded the types of multivariate analysis used to characterise temporal community dynamics in addition to the research aim, habitat type, location, taxon and the experimental design.

Results
Most studies had relatively few temporal replicates; the median number was seven time points. Nearly 70% of studies applied more than one analysis method; descriptive methods such as bar graphs and ordination were the most commonly applied methods. Surprisingly, the types of analyses used were only related to the number of temporal replicates, but not to research aim or any other aspects of experimental design such as taxon, or habitat or year of study.

Conclusions
This review reveals that most studies interested in understanding community dynamics use relatively short time series meaning that several, more sophisticated, temporal analyses are not widely applicable. However, newer methods using multivariate dissimilarities are growing in popularity and many can be applied to time series of any length.
The Role of Trichoderma Species in Plants Response to Salt Stress
Authors: Boamah Solomon , Zhang Shuwu , Xu Bingliang , Tong LI , Inayat Rehan , Calderón-Urrea Alejandro 
Published: April 2021

Soil salinity is a pending threat to global agricultural sustainability and food security. The natural means of alleviating this stress have become the major concern as to which methods, mechanisms, and organisms to be used. Soil-borne fungi Trichoderma has proven to alleviate salinity stress in plants. This review aimed to shed light on the roles and mechanisms of some species of Trichoderma in response to salt stress and other merits to plant growth and development. Detailed of this research reviewed the level of growth promotion induced by Trichoderma species with an estimated increase of 200% of total plant biomass compared with control plants from literature. The defined mechanisms of Trichoderma in combating salinity stress in plants are; formation of ion channels in host plants, activation of ion exchange (K+/N+), increase Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) scavenging enzymes, antioxidants, and genes, production of phytohormones and their signal pathways, stimulates root formation and developments, regulate stomata conductance through the increment of carotenoids in host plants which corresponds to the functions of the photosystems.
PENGARUH MARKETING MIX (7P) DAN PERILAKU KONSUMEN TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PRODUK HEALTHY FOOD BAR DI MALANG
Authors: Caroline Etty , Santoso Imam , Deoranto Panji 
Published: April 2021

Abstrak: Peningkatan aktivitas dan pendapatan penduduk, mendorong diperlukannya makanan yang praktis, mudah, cepat cara penyajiannya serta bergizi. Healthy Food Bar (HFB) merupakan produk yang mempertimbangkan nilai gizi yang tinggi dan praktis. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh secara simultan dan parsial variabel dalam marketing mix (atribut produk, harga, saluran distribusi, promosi, orang, proses, lingkungan fisik) serta dalam perilaku konsumen (faktor lingkungan, individu, psikologis) terhadap keputusan pembelian HFB. Hasil penelitian dari 100 responden menunjukan variabel marketing mix (produk, harga, saluran distribusi, promosi, orang, proses, lingkungan fisik) dan perilaku konsumen (faktor lingkungan, individu, psikologis) secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian produk HFB. Secara parsial variabel marketing mix (produk, harga, saluran distribusi, promosi, orang, proses) dan variabel perilaku konsumen (faktor lingkungan, individu, psikologis) berpengaruh signifikan sedangkan variabel lingkungn fisik berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian produk HFB. Kata kunci : Healthy Food Bar, Marketing Mix, Perilaku Konsumen, Keputusan Pembelian, Regresi Linier Berganda Abstract: The improvement of activity and income the citizen need the practical, easy, fast, and nutritious foods. Healthy Food Bar ( HFB ) is a product that is considered a high nutritional value and practical. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of variables simultaneously and partially in the marketing mix ( product attributes , pricing, distribution channels , promotion , people , process , physical environment ) as well as in consumer behavior ( environmental factors , individual , psychological ) to the purchasing decision HFB . The results of the study of 100 respondents showed variable marketing mix ( product , price , distribution channels , promotion , people , process , physical environment ) and consumer behavior ( environmental factors , individual , psychological ) simultaneously significant effect on product purchasing decisions HFB . In partial marketing mix ( product , price , distribution channels , promotion , people , process ) and consumer behavior variables ( environmental factors , individual , psychological ) significantly while the variable physical lingkungn insignificant effect on product purchasing decisions HFB . Keywords: Healthy Food Bar, Marketing Mix, Consumer Behaviour, Purchasing Decision, Multiple Linear Regression
School-to-work Transitions for Students with Intellectual Disabilities: Teachers' Perceptions and Experiences of a Recent Workplace-Based Reform in Sweden
Authors: Ineland Jens , Karhina Kateryna , Vikström Lotta 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Having a job, or being employed, is associated with a number of positive effects. Although policies in Sweden support the right of people with disabilities to work and highlight access to employment as a priority, this group of people continues to lose out in employment against other citizens. However, little is known about actions or initiatives implemented to enhance labor market participation among people with disabilities. This study contributes useful findings on a promising implementation of a school-to-work transition initiative, workplace based learning (WBL), in special needs upper-secondary schools in Sweden. The aim of the study was to identify how teachers, having a key role in the implementation process, view and experience WBL and its actual functioning to enhance school-to-work transitions for students with intellectual disabilities. Drawing on 13 interviews with teachers working as supervisors and coordinators in the WBL training, our findings lead to three main conclusions. First, the teachers had significant reliance on WBL and its potential to prepare students for the labor market. Second, the teachers hesitated with regard to whether and to what extent WBL actually enhances school-to-work transitions. Third, the WBL reform has had significant negative effects on the working conditions of the supervising teachers involved. Our study uncovers a number of barriers for WBL to function as an actual bridge to work for students with intellectual disabilities, which we argue have important messages to bring for both policy and practice.