bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Underfilling decreases left ventricular function in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Sjögren Hannah , Kjellström Barbro , Bredfelt Anna , Steding-Ehrenborg Katarina , Rådegran Göran , Hesselstrand Roger , Arheden Håkan , Ostenfeld Ellen 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTo evaluate the association between impaired left ventricular (LV) longitudinal function and LV underfilling in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Thirty-nine patients with PAH and 18 age and sex-matched healthy controls were included. LV volume and left atrial volume (LAV) were delineated in short-axis cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) cine images. LV longitudinal function was assessed from atrio-ventricular plane displacement (AVPD) and global longitudinal strain (GLS) was assessed using feature tracking in three long-axis views. LV filling was assessed by LAV and by pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) using right heart catheterisation. Patients had a smaller LAV, LV volume and stroke volume as well as a lower LV-AVPD and LV-GLS than controls. PAWP was 6 [IQR 5––9] mmHg in patients. LV ejection fraction did not differ between groups. LV stroke volume correlated with LV-AVPD (r = 0.445, p = .001), LV-GLS (r = − 0.549, p < 0.0001) and LAVmax (r = .585, p < 0.0001). Furthermore, LV-AVPD (r = .598) and LV-GLS (r = − 0.675) correlated with LAVmax (p < 0.0001 for both). Neither LV-AVPD, LV-GLS, LAVmax nor stroke volume correlated with PAWP. Impaired LV longitudinal function was associated with low stroke volume, low PAWP and a small LAV in PAH. Small stroke volumes and LAV, together with normal LA pressure, implies that the mechanism causing reduced LV longitudinal function is underfilling rather than an intrinsic LV dysfunction in PAH.
Detecting Instruction Effects—Deciding Between Covariance Analytical and Change-Score Approach
Authors: Köhler Carmen , Hartig Johannes , Naumann Alexander 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe article focuses on estimating effects in nonrandomized studies with two outcome measurement occasions and one predictor variable. Given such a design, the analysis approach can be to include the measurement at the previous time point as a predictor in the regression model (ANCOVA), or to predict the change-score of the outcome variable (CHANGE). Researchers demonstrated that both approaches can result in different conclusions regarding the reported effect. Current recommendations on when to apply which approach are, in part, contradictory. In addition, they lack direct reference to the educational and instructional research contexts, since they do not consider latent variable models in which variables are measured without measurement error. This contribution assists researchers in making decisions regarding their analysis model. Using an underlying hypothetical data-generating model, we identify for which kind of data-generating scenario (i.e., under which assumptions) the defined true effect equals the estimated regression coefficients of the ANCOVA and the CHANGE approach. We give empirical examples from instructional research and discuss which approach is more appropriate, respectively.
The impact of quality on hospital choice. Which information affects patients’ behavior for colorectal resection or knee replacement?
Authors: Kuklinski David , Vogel Justus , Geissler Alexander 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Quality competition among hospitals, induced by patients freely choosing their hospital in a price regulated market, can only be realized if quality differences between hospitals are transparent, understandable, and thus influence patients’ hospital choice. We use data from ~145,000 German patients and ~ 900 hospitals for colorectal resections and knee replacements to investigate whether patients value quality and specialization when choosing their hospital. Using a random utility choice model, we estimate patients’ marginal utilities, willingness to travel and change in hospital demand for quality improvements. Patients respond to service quality and specialization and thus, quality competition seems to be present. Colorectal resection patients are willing to travel longer for more specialized hospitals (+9% for procedure volume, +9% for certification). Knee replacement patients travel longer for hospitals with better service quality (+6%) and higher procedure volume (+12%). However, clinical quality indicators, often difficult to access and interpret, barely play a role in patients’ hospital choice. Furthermore, we find that competition on quality for colorectal resection is rather local, whereas for knee replacement we observe regional competition patterns.
Real-World Experiences in Autistic Adult Diagnostic Services and Post-diagnostic Support and Alignment with Services Guidelines: Results from the ASDEU Study
Authors: Scattoni Maria Luisa , Micai Martina , Ciaramella Antonio , Salvitti Tommaso , Fulceri Francesca , Fatta Laura Maria , Poustka Luise , Diehm Robert , Iskrov Georgi , Stefanov Rumen , Guillon Quentin , Rogé Bernadette , Staines Anthony , Sweeney Mary Rose , Boilson Andrew Martin , Leósdóttir Thora , Saemundsen Evald , Moilanen Irma , Ebeling Hanna , Yliherva Anneli , Gissler Mika , Parviainen Tarja , Tani Pekka , Kawa Rafal , Vicente Astrid , Rasga Célia , Budişteanu Magdalena , Dale Ian , Povey Carol , Flores Noelia , Jenaro Cristina , Monroy Maria Luisa , Primo Patricia García , Charman Tony , Cramer Susanne , Warberg Christine Kloster , Canal-Bedia Ricardo , Posada Manuel , Schendel Diana 
Published: January 2021

AbstractResearch providing an evidence-base for autistic adult services is sparse. The Autism Spectrum Disorders in the European Union (ASDEU) network implemented an on-line survey to determine gaps in autistic adult diagnostic evaluation and post-diagnostic support services. More than 55% in all groups experienced most of the recommended features for diagnostic evaluation for autistic adults. In contrast, < 2% of adults or carers, and < 21% of professionals experienced each of the recommended features for post-diagnostic support. In contrast to 61% of professionals, only about 30% of autistic adults and carers had knowledge of good local services models for autism diagnosis in adulthood. There are major differences between good practice guidelines for diagnostic and post-diagnostic care for autistic adults, and what is actually experienced by services users and professionals.
Making sense of teacher agency for change with social and epistemic network analysis
Authors: Pantić Nataša , Galey Sarah , Florian Lani , Joksimović Srećko , Viry Gil , Gašević Dragan , Knutes Nyqvist Helén , Kyritsi Krystallia 
Published: January 2021

AbstractReference to teachers as agents of change has become commonplace in the education literature, including change toward more inclusive practice in response to the changing demographic of schooling. Yet, little is known about how teacher agency relates to (1) their understanding of, and commitment to any given change agenda and (2) the institutional and social structures through which they are able to access knowledge and resources within and beyond their schools. This study combined social and epistemic network analysis to examine teachers’ understanding of change and their sense of agency as they use their social networks to mobilise support for furthering change that matters to them. Our study is the first to apply this learning analytic approach in a real setting context. We used theories of teacher agency and inclusive pedagogy to interpret teachers’ social interactions in light of the extent to which they seek to make a difference toward greater inclusion. We collected data with an online log completed by teachers and other staff in two schools in Sweden over 6 months. The findings suggest that teachers understanding of change is embedded in their day-to-day activities such as student support, lesson planning, improvement of programs, and working conditions. Teachers tend to exercise agency toward inclusion when they seek to support student learning and well-being. When teachers act as agents of change, their social networks are bigger, more diverse and more collaborative than in situations in which they act as role implementers. We discuss substantive and methodological implications of these findings.
The Navier–Stokes Equation with Time Quasi-Periodic External Force: Existence and Stability of Quasi-Periodic Solutions
Authors: Montalto Riccardo 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe prove the existence of small amplitude, time-quasi-periodic solutions (invariant tori) for the incompressible Navier–Stokes equation on thed-dimensional torus$$\mathbb T^d$$Td, with a small, quasi-periodic in time external force. We also show that they are orbitally and asymptotically stable in$$H^s$$Hs(forslarge enough). More precisely, for any initial datum which is close to the invariant torus, there exists a unique global in time solution which stays close to the invariant torus for all times. Moreover, the solution converges asymptotically to the invariant torus for$$t \rightarrow + \infty $$t→+∞, with an exponential rate of convergence$$O( e^{- \alpha t })$$O(e-αt)for any arbitrary$$\alpha \in (0, 1)$$α∈(0,1).
Exploring the Factors that Influence Workforce Participation for People with Multiple Sclerosis: A Discrete Choice Experiment
Authors: Goodwin Elizabeth , Hawton Annie , Whitty Jennifer A. , Green Colin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPurpose Research indicates that employment is beneficial for people with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, people with MS typically face reduced workforce participation compared to the general population. Using a discrete choice experiment (DCE) we explored which factors are most important in influencing employment choices of people with MS, and whether the relative importance of factors differs between subgroups. Methods Attributes and levels for the DCE were developed using a systematic literature review and public involvement techniques with people with MS. In an online survey, respondents were asked to choose between two hypothetical job scenarios described using six attributes. We used a large, national register (the UK MS Register), to recruit participants aged 18–64 years with a diagnosis of MS. Choice data were analysed using multinomial logit and latent class models. Results Analyses were based on responses from 2350 people with MS. The preferred model specification was a latent class model, with three classes of respondent. The relative importance of attributes varied between classes, with one giving the greatest weight to the impact of work on other aspects of their lives, the second to having supportive bosses and colleagues, and the third to job flexibility. The classes differed significantly in terms of age and gender, type of MS, and socio-economic status. Conclusions Significant heterogeneity was apparent among people with MS regarding the factors that influence their employment decisions. Attributes concerning the impact of work, attitudes in the workplace and job flexibility appear more influential than those concerning physical workplace adaptations.
Assessing experienced tranquillity through natural language processing and landscape ecology measures
Authors: Wartmann Flurina M. , Koblet Olga , Purves Ross S. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Context
Identifying tranquil areas is important for landscape planning and policy-making. Research demonstrated discrepancies between modelled potential tranquil areas and where people experience tranquillity based on field surveys. Because surveys are resource-intensive, user-generated text data offers potential for extracting where people experience tranquillity.

Objectives
We explore and model the relationship between landscape ecological measures and experienced tranquillity extracted from user-generated text descriptions.

Methods
Georeferenced, user-generated landscape descriptions from Geograph.UK were filtered using keywords related to tranquillity. We stratify resulting tranquil locations according to dominant land cover and quantify the influence of landscape characteristics including diversity and naturalness on explaining the presence of tranquillity. Finally, we apply natural language processing to identify terms linked to tranquillity keywords and compare the similarity of these terms across land cover classes.

Results
Evaluation of potential keywords yielded six keywords associated with experienced tranquillity, resulting in 15,350 extracted tranquillity descriptions. The two most common land cover classes associated with tranquillity were arable and horticulture, and improved grassland, followed by urban and suburban. In the logistic regression model across all land cover classes, freshwater, elevation and naturalness were positive predictors of tranquillity. Built-up area was a negative predictor. Descriptions of tranquillity were most similar between improved grassland and arable and horticulture, and most dissimilar between arable and horticulture and urban.

Conclusions
This study highlights the potential of applying natural language processing to extract experienced tranquillity from text, and demonstrates links between landscape ecological measures and tranquillity as a perceived landscape quality.
The knowledge norm of apt practical reasoning
Authors: Mueller Andy 
Published: January 2021

AbstractI will argue for a novel variant of the knowledge norm for practical reasoning. In Sect. 2, I will look at current variations of a knowledge norm for practical reasoning and I will provide reasons to doubt these proposals. In Sects. 3 and 4, I develop my own proposal according to which knowledge is the norm of apt practical reasoning. Section 5 considers objections. Finally, Sect. 6 concerns the normativity of my proposed knowledge norm and its significance.
Triticale and barley microspore embryogenesis induction requires both reactive oxygen species generation and efficient system of antioxidative defence
Authors: Żur Iwona , Dubas Ewa , Krzewska Monika , Kopeć Przemysław , Nowicka Anna , Surówka Ewa , Gawrońska Katarzyna , Gołębiowska Gabriela , Juzoń Katarzyna , Malaga Sabina 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe effectiveness of microspore embryogenesis (ME) is determined by a complex network of internal and environmental factors. In the present study on triticale and barley, strong positive correlation (r = 0.85) between the generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and ME effectiveness confirmed the important role of reactive oxygen species in microspore reprogramming. However, for high effectiveness of ME induction, intensive H2O2 generation had to be associated with high activity of antioxidative enzymes, superoxide dismutase and catalase. The strong seasonal effect on the physiological status of microspores revealed in the study suggests a kind of ‘biological clock’ controlling plant reproduction, crucial for microspore viability and embryogenic potential. Although the effect of various modifications of ME-inducing stress tiller pre-treatment was determined mainly by the physiological condition of microspores, at higher stress intensity positive effects induced by antioxidant molecules—reduced glutathione and its precursor, l-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid—were observed. High level of variation in the response to ME-inducing stress tiller pre-treatment was also revealed between the two DH lines of triticale and two cultivars of barley and among microspores isolated from subsequently developed spikes.
Possible risk resulting from the recent decay of the dipolar component of the terrestrial magnetic field
Authors: Bury Agata , Lewandowski Marek , Mizerski Krzysztof 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the geomagnetic ground observatory data from 1980 to 2011 collected from World Data Center from 134 stations. To analyze the data we have applied spherical harmonic decomposition to obtain components associated with the Earth’s main magnetic field and to calculate how the Earth’s dipole was varying in the aforementioned recent 31-year period. There is a visible ~ 2.3% decay of the dipole magnetic field of the Earth. We note that the present-day value of the magnetic dipole intensity is the lowest one in the history of modern civilization and that further drop of this value may pose a risk for different domains of our life.
Die Erfassung von Lehransätzen von Lehrenden in der Weiterbildung – Entwicklung der Lehransatz-Skala
Authors: Bonnes Caroline , Hochholdinger Sabine 
Published: January 2021

ZusammenfassungLehransätze sind ein bedeutsamer Faktor in der Gestaltung von Lehrsettings und für den Lernerfolg der Lernenden, wurden jedoch bisher noch nicht im Weiterbildungskontext untersucht. Bereits bestehende Instrumente aus der Hochschulforschung, wie das Approaches to Teaching Inventory, sind aufgrund der kontextspezifischen Items weniger geeignet für die Verwendung im Weiterbildungskontext. Für die zukünftige Erforschung von Lehransätzen in der Weiterbildung wurde daher ein Messinstrument mit 17 Items entwickelt, das transmissive (LA-T) und konstruktivistische (LA-K) Lehransätze erfassen soll. Die Items wurden auf Basis einer qualitativen Vorstudie (N = 45) und einem Pretest entwickelt und in einer quantitativen Hauptstudie (N = 411) auf Reliabilität und Validität untersucht. Das Instrument wurde anhand einer explorativen Faktorenanalyse entwickelt und die Struktur der Skalen LA‑T und LA‑K durch exploratory structural equation modelling (ESEM) geprüft. Die Lehransatz-Skala bietet damit eine Basis für die weitere Erforschung von Lehransätzen im Weiterbildungskontext.
Severe reflux, sleep disturbances, and health-related quality of life after esophageal cancer surgery
Authors: Lagergren Pernilla , Johar Asif , Rosenlund Helen , Arnberg Lars , Haglund Lena , Ness-Jensen Eivind , Schandl Anna 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Esophagectomy for cancer is an extensive procedure often followed by severe complications. This study investigated whether patients with severe symptoms of reflux are more likely to have sleep disturbances and reduced health-related quality of life (HRQL) after esophagectomy.

Methods
This Swedish nationwide prospective cohort study encompassed all patients who had undergone esophagectomy for cancer between 2013 and 2018. One year after surgery, the patients responded to three questionnaires on reflux (EORTC QLQOG25), sleep disturbances (KSQ), and HRQL (EORTC QLQ-C30). Multivariable logistic regression provided odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for sleep disturbance/reduced HRQL between patients with and without reflux, adjusted for potential confounders.

Results
Among 241 esophagectomy patients, 66 (27%) reported severe reflux. Patients with reflux had an increased risk of sleep disturbances (OR 2.3, 95% CI: 1.3–4.3) compared to patients without reflux. More specifically, these patients were more likely to suffer from poor sleep quality (OR 4.9, 95% CI: 1.9–12.4). Patients with reflux and sleep disturbances reported reductions in global quality of life, role function, emotional function, social function, and more symptoms in all scales, except for dyspnea.

Conclusions
This study suggests that patients with severe symptoms of reflux after esophagectomy have an increased risk of sleep disturbances and poor sleep quality, which in turn are associated with reduced HRQL.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
Alleviating reflux after oesophageal cancer surgery is important, since this common symptom might reduce HRQL and well-being.
Deconstructing the ivory tower: identifying challenges of university-industry ecosystem partnerships
Authors: Bacon Emily C. , Williams Michael D. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCollaboration between industry and academia necessitates the management of entrepreneurial dynamics within ecosystem contexts. However, such partnerships perpetuate numerous challenges that, without effective management, can impact upon the ecosystem as a whole. Limited research to date has addressed the challenges affecting these university-industry partnerships and ascertained their impact upon ecosystem management. This study identifies the challenges pervading university-industry partnerships across entrepreneurial ecosystems, with a view that through an exposition of such challenges, more specific strategies could be implemented to address them. Questionnaires were distributed to key ecosystem stakeholders, requesting their perceptions of the key challenges affecting their collaborative relationships. Empirical data was analysed utilising fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to deduce the configurational nature of the conditions. Results reveal mutually exclusive solutions grounded upon distinct combinations of conditions, constituting distinct pathways to ineffective ecosystem management. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed, as well as acknowledged limitations of this study and suggestions for future research.
A Standards Organization for Open and FAIR Neuroscience: the International Neuroinformatics Coordinating Facility
Authors: Abrams Mathew Birdsall , Bjaalie Jan G. , Das Samir , Egan Gary F. , Ghosh Satrajit S. , Goscinski Wojtek J. , Grethe Jeffrey S. , Kotaleski Jeanette Hellgren , Ho Eric Tatt Wei , Kennedy David N. , Lanyon Linda J. , Leergaard Trygve B. , Mayberg Helen S. , Milanesi Luciano , Mouček Roman , Poline J. B. , Roy Prasun K. , Strother Stephen C. , Tang Tong Boon , Tiesinga Paul , Wachtler Thomas , Wójcik Daniel K. , Martone Maryann E. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThere is great need for coordination around standards and best practices in neuroscience to support efforts to make neuroscience a data-centric discipline. Major brain initiatives launched around the world are poised to generate huge stores of neuroscience data. At the same time, neuroscience, like many domains in biomedicine, is confronting the issues of transparency, rigor, and reproducibility. Widely used, validated standards and best practices are key to addressing the challenges in both big and small data science, as they are essential for integrating diverse data and for developing a robust, effective, and sustainable infrastructure to support open and reproducible neuroscience. However, developing community standards and gaining their adoption is difficult. The current landscape is characterized both by a lack of robust, validated standards and a plethora of overlapping, underdeveloped, untested and underutilized standards and best practices. The International Neuroinformatics Coordinating Facility (INCF), an independent organization dedicated to promoting data sharing through the coordination of infrastructure and standards, has recently implemented a formal procedure for evaluating and endorsing community standards and best practices in support of the FAIR principles. By formally serving as a standards organization dedicated to open and FAIR neuroscience, INCF helps evaluate, promulgate, and coordinate standards and best practices across neuroscience. Here, we provide an overview of the process and discuss how neuroscience can benefit from having a dedicated standards body.