bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Preoperative Assessment and Planning on the Outcome of Benign Hysterectomy – a Systematic Review
Authors: Björkström Lollo Makdessi , Wodlin Ninnie Borendal , Nilsson Lena , Kjølhede Preben 
Published: February 2021

AbstractKnowledge concerning the impact of preoperative planning, patient information and patient factors on the outcome of benign hysterectomy is incomplete. This systematic review summarizes the current knowledge on the effect of preoperative planning and of preoperative patient factors on the outcome of benign hysterectomy. The PubMed/PubMed Central/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, TRIP Medical Database, Prospero and the Cochrane Library databases were searched. Inclusion criteria were prospective trials, hysterectomy for benign disease, systematic preoperative assessment, and article in English. Eighteen articles were included and categorized according to their main aims: use of a preoperative checklist, preoperative decision-making, preoperative information, and the effect on the outcome of surgery of factors that concerns patients preoperatively. Focused and well directed preoperative assessment and thoroughness in the preoperative decision-making was associated with
positive postoperative outcomes. The use of a checklist reduced the overall rate of hysterectomy and increased the use of minimally invasive surgery. Women were often inadequately informed before hysterectomy about the possible side effects after surgery. Preoperative anxiety and preoperative pain were associated with postoperative pain and lower quality of life. The indication for surgery had an impact on the reported quality of life postoperatively. The extent of preoperative planning seemed to affect the outcome of surgery. Preoperative patient factors influenced the postoperative recovery. Prehabilitation measures need further development and should be integrated in the preoperative planning. Prospective studies are warranted to evaluate and improve the preoperative planning in a systematic setting before performing hysterectomy for benign disease.
Akut nekrotisierende Pneumonie bei Blaumeisen
Authors: Merbach S. , Schönhofer B. 
Published: February 2021

Zusammenfassung Anfang März 2020 häuften sich die Beobachtungen über eine zunehmende Anzahl toter Blaumeisen. Die erkrankten Meisen litten v. a. an respiratorischen Symptomen. Der Grund für das Massensterben blieb zunächst unklar. Bis Anfang Mai sind etwa 18 000 Verdachtsmeldungen zum Blaumeisensterben mit ca. 33 000 betroffenen Vögeln eingegangen. Das Maximum waren fast 1300 Meldungen am 10. April. Die Zahl der Meldungen war in den folgenden Wochen wieder rückläufig. Schätzungen entsprechend sind in Deutschland in dieser Zeit ungefähr 1,7 Millionen Blaumeisen verstorben.Bei einem großen Teil der untersuchten Meisen wurde das Bakterium Suttonella ornithocola in der Lunge nachgewiesen.Da der Erreger eine Lungenentzündung verursacht, ist v. a. eine Übertragung via Aerosol oder durch Kontakt mit infizierten Sekreten anzunehmen. Obduktionen der Tiere ergaben Lungenkongestionen, blutigen Darminhalt und einen schlechten Ernährungszustand. Histologisch wurden in den Lungen gering- bis mittelgradige akute nekrotisierende Pneumonien gefunden. Da Suttonella ornithocola auch im Parenchym von anderen Organen nachgewiesen wurde, ist von einer zusätzlich vorliegenden akuten Sepsis auszugehen. Möglicherweise ist Suttonella ornithocola zudem ein Enteritiserreger, da sich im blutigen Darminhalt Suttonella ornithocola nachweisen ließen. Neben den Atemwegen könnte daher die fäkal-orale Ausscheidung des Erregers über den Kot ein weiterer Infektionsweg sein.
Reizdarmbehandlung mit Lactobacillus plantarum 299v: Längere Einnahme verstärkt Behandlungserfolg – Ergebnisse einer nichtinterventionellen Studie
Authors: Krammer Heiner , Storr Martin , Madisch Ahmed , Riffel Julia 
Published: February 2021

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die Behandlung des Reizdarmsyndroms (RDS) ist in der Praxis oft eine Herausforderung. Als Therapieoption gewinnt die Modulation des Darmmikrobioms dabei immer mehr an Bedeutung. Die Wirksamkeit des Bakterienstamms Lactobacillus plantarum 299v (LP299V) wurde bei Reizdarmpatienten bereits in mehreren placebokontrollierten Studien über 4 Wochen gezeigt. Ziel der im Folgenden beschriebenen nichtinterventionellen Studie war es, die Verträglichkeit und Wirksamkeit von LP299V unter Praxisbedingungen zu untersuchen und neue Erkenntnisse über einen längeren Einnahmezeitraum zu gewinnen.
Methodik In 25 Zentren wurden prospektiv Daten von 221 RDS-Patienten zur Verträglichkeit und Wirksamkeit von LP299V (1 Kapsel/Tag; 1 × 1010 KBE) über eine maximale Beobachtungsdauer von 12 Wochen erhoben. Die Erhebung erfolgte mittels Reizdarmtagebüchern und ärztlicher Dokumentation bei den Studienvisiten. Die Veränderung von Häufigkeit und Schweregrad der Beschwerden gegenüber der Baseline wurde als primärer Endpunkt festgelegt.
Ergebnisse Im Verlauf der 12-wöchigen Behandlung kam es zu einer signifikanten und kontinuierlichen Reduktion der Gesamtsymptomatik (p < 0,05). Darüber hinaus kam es zu einer signifikanten Reduktion von Schwere (S) und Häufigkeit (H) einzelner Symptome, wie Abdominalschmerz (S: – 67 %, H: – 51 %), Flatulenz (S: – 61 %, H: – 63 %), Diarrhoe (S: – 70 %, H: – 32 %) und Obstipation (S: – 79 %, H: – 6 %). Das Gefühl der dringlichen und unvollständigen Entleerung sank ebenfalls signifikant (p < 0,001). Die Lebensqualität der Patienten stieg signifikant an (seelisches Wohlbefinden: + 110 %, negativer Einfluss auf den Alltag: – 67 %, p < 0,01). Die Langzeitbehandlung mit LP299V wurde von 94 % der Patienten als gut verträglich bewertet.
Diskussion LP299V konnte die Gesamtbeschwerden von RDS-Patienten unter deutschen Alltagsbedingungen signifikant bessern. Um einen größeren Effekt zu erzielen, ist eine längerfristige Einnahme von LP299V (hier 12 Wochen) sinnvoll; die Verträglichkeit ist in diesem Zeitraum gut.
Polyethylenglycol – Freund oder Feind?
Authors: Bayerl C. , Herbst M. 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungAnaphylaktische Reaktionen nach Impfungen sind selten. Zwei Fälle von Reaktionen nach der Pfizer-BioNTech-Covid-19-Vakzine, BNT162b2, wurden aus dem UK berichtet, weitere 19 aus den USA. Als möglicher Auslöser wurde Polyethylenglycol (PEG) angeschuldigt. Pegylierung ist ein üblicher Vorgang in der Impfstoffherstellung, um die Substanzen vor schnellem immunologischem Abbau zu schützen. PEG ist ein Polyether (Synonyme z. B. Laureth-9, Polidocanol, Thesit, Macrogol) und findet sich in Kosmetika, Körperpflegeprodukten, Nahrungsmitteln, Liposomen und Nanopartikeln als Drug-Delivery-Systeme für Medikamente und als osmotisches Laxans vor Gastro-/Koloskopien. IgM-Antikörper auf PEG werden bei 70 % der Bevölkerung nachgewiesen. Bei 2 Fällen von Soforttyp-Reaktionen auf PEG fanden sich IgE-Antiköper, bei anderen Medikamentengaben mit PEG geht man von pseudoallergischen Reaktionen über die Komplement-Aktivierungs-related Pseudoallergie (CARPA) aus. In Relation zum weit verbreiteten Einsatz von PEG sind die Impfreaktionen sehr selten und aktuell kein Grund, Allergiker oder Menschen mit Anaphylaxien bei entsprechenden Vorsichtsmaßnahmen auf bekannte Auslöser auszuschließen. Aufgrund der Meldepflicht (Gesundheitsamt und Arzneimittelkommission der deutschen Ärzteschaft) ist bald mit weiteren Erkenntnissen zu rechnen.
Total Synthesis of the Natural Carbazoles O-Demethylmurrayanine and Murrastanine A, and of a C4,C4′ Symmetric Murrastanine A Dimer from N-Phenyl-4,5-dimethylene-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one
Authors: Benavides Adriana , Jiménez-Vázquez Hugo A. , Avila-Melo José Luis , Fuentes-Gutiérrez Alfredo , Tamariz Joaquín 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe synthesis of natural carbazoles O-demethylmurrayanine and murrastanine A starting from the title exo-heterocyclic diene­ is described. In the synthesis of murrastanine A, its symmetric C4,C4′ dimer can be obtained as the sole product under rather mild conditions. In all cases, the key intermediate is the same diarylamine. The carbazole nucleus is obtained through a Pd-promoted cyclization of the appropriate diarylamine. For the synthesis of O-demethylmurrayanine, the cyclization takes place on a silylated derivative. The crystal structures of murrayanine, two diarylamines, and two non-natural carbazole intermediates are also presented.
Chemoselective Transfer Hydrogenation of α,β-Unsaturated Ketones Catalyzed by Iridium Complexes
Authors: Luo Renshi , Xia Yanping , Ouyang Lu , Liao Jianhua , Yang Xiao 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEfficient chemoselective transfer hydrogenation of the C=C bond of α,β-unsaturated ketones has been developed, using the iridium complexes containing pyridine-imidazolidinyl ligands as catalysts and formic acid as a hydrogen source. In comparison with organic solvents or H2O as solvent, the mixed solvents of H2O and MeOH are critical for a high catalytic chemoselective transformation. This chemoselective transfer hydrogenation can be carried out in air, which is operationally simple, allowing a wide variety of α,β-unsaturated substrates with different functional groups (electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents) leading to chemoselective transfer hydrogenation in excellent yields. The practical application of this protocol is demonstrated by a gram-scale transformation.
Functional Evaluation of Levator Scapulae Tendon to Supraspinatus in Adult Brachial Plexus Injuries
Authors: Rayidi Venkata Koteswara Rao , R. Srikanth , Appaka Jagadish Kiran C.V. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Introduction Brachial plexus injuries are severe life-altering injuries. The surgical method to restore shoulder abduction in adult upper brachial plexus injuries involves the usage of nerve grafts and nerve transfers targeting the suprascapular and/or the axillary nerve. When the primary nerve surgery has been unsuccessful or recovery has been incomplete or with a late presentation, muscle transfer procedures are needed to provide or improve shoulder abduction. Levator scapulae to supraspinatus is a transfer to improve shoulder abduction in posttraumatic brachial plexus injuries.
Material and Methods The study included 13 patients with the age ranging from 17 to 47 years with a mean age of 30 years. All these patients had preop shoulder abduction of Medical Research Council (MRC) grade ≤3. All had a minimum of MRC grade 4 of active elbow flexion. Eleven patients had primary surgery. Only patients with a minimum of 1 year postoperative follow-up were included. All 13 patients underwent levator scapulae transfer only.
Results All patients had a stable shoulder postoperatively. The average increase in active shoulder abduction was from 6.15°(median: 0°) preoperatively to 61.92°(median: 60°), with an average gain in shoulder abduction of 49.61°(median: 50°).
Conclusions Transfer of levator scapulae tendon to the supraspinatus is an option to improve shoulder abduction in posttraumatic brachial plexus. In conditions where supraspinatus alone is not functioning, levator scapulae is the best available transfer, considering its strength and maintaining the form of the shoulder unlike trapezius transfer. In patients with previous surgery where supraspinatus has recovered partially but not functionally significant, this tendon transfer can be considered for the augmentation of the existing shoulder abduction.
CSR reporting in China’s private and state-owned enterprises: A mixed methods comparative analysis
Authors: Ervits Irina 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe paper pursues a mixed methods approach of conducting both quantitative and qualitative content analysis of corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports in two types of Chinese companies: State-owned (SOE) and non-state-owned (non-SOE) enterprises. Quantitative content analysis revealed overall homogeneity in CSR reporting among SOEs and non-SOEs in China, which can be explained by coercive isomorphism on a national scale. The Chinese government has created an intricate system of incentives encouraging both SOEs and non-SOEs to engage in socially responsive behavior and disclosure. As a result of qualitative analysis, a recurring theme of “strategic emerging industries” (SEI) was identified in the CSR reports of predominantly state-owned banks. This finding provides empirical evidence of the link between the social and economic objectives of the Chinese government, and it shows how state-owned banks mediate between the state and business (SOEs and non-SOEs) as part of a coercive isomorphism apparatus.
A continuous flow liquid propellant strand burner for high pressure monopropellant and bipropellant combustion studies
Authors: Fuller Casey C. , Sinrud Joshua B. , Schwind Rachel A. , Klassen Michael S. , Goldsmith C. Franklin , Walker Robert A. 
Published: February 2021

A combustion assembly capable of continuously burning monopropellant and bipropellant liquid fuels at pressures up to 80 bars (1145 psig) was designed and constructed. The assembly is based on a liquid propellant strand burner where a manifold maintains small positive differential pressures on the fuel to maintain a steady supply into the reaction vessel. Optical ports enable direct visualization of the flame and will allow for future spectroscopic and imaging studies of the flame. The strand burner design was tested using nitromethane with both air and inert environments in the reaction vessel. Continuous combustion was sustained for almost 8 min in air (34 bars/500 psig) and more than 6 min in N2 (70 bars/1000 psig). A unique outcome from the initial testing of this device is the ability to ignite liquid nitromethane in an inert environment without the use of a pilot flame started in air.
A novel stabilization mechanism for the type VI secretion system sheath
Authors: Bernal Patricia , Furniss R. Christopher D. , Fecht Selina , Leung Rhoda C. Y. , Spiga Livia , Mavridou Despoina A. I. , Filloux Alain 
Published: February 2021

Significance
The T6SS is a microscopic harpoon that bacteria use to deliver toxins into neighboring cells. While its complex assembly process has been extensively studied, it remains unclear how the two forms (long and short) of the pivotal TssA protein affect T6SS function. TssA promotes baseplate formation, orchestrates sheath extension and, in its long form, interacts with a partner protein to anchor the extending sheath at the opposing side of the cell for up to 10 min. Here we demonstrate that short TssA proteins assist sheath stabilization by associating with a yet undescribed class of T6SS proteins that accumulate at the baseplate. These T6SSs fire in seconds; therefore, this discovery provides insight into the mechanism underpinning the different fighting strategies observed across T6SS-carrying bacteria.
Anthropogenic climate change is worsening North American pollen seasons
Authors: Anderegg William R. L. , Abatzoglou John T. , Anderegg Leander D. L. , Bielory Leonard , Kinney Patrick L. , Ziska Lewis 
Published: February 2021

Significance
Human-caused climate change could impact respiratory health, including asthma and allergies, through temperature-driven increases in airborne pollen, but the long-term continental pollen trends and role of climate change in pollen patterns are not well-understood. We measure pollen trends across North America from 1990 to 2018 and find increases in pollen concentrations and longer pollen seasons. We use an ensemble of climate models to test the role of climate change and find that it is the dominant driver of changes in pollen season length and a significant contributor to increasing pollen concentrations. Our results indicate that human-caused climate change has already worsened North American pollen seasons, and climate-driven pollen trends are likely to further exacerbate respiratory health impacts in coming decades.
Staphylococcal protein A inhibits complement activation by interfering with IgG hexamer formation
Authors: Cruz Ana Rita , Boer Maurits A. den , Strasser Jürgen , Zwarthoff Seline A. , Beurskens Frank J. , de Haas Carla J. C. , Aerts Piet C. , Wang Guanbo , de Jong Rob N. , Bagnoli Fabio , van Strijp Jos A. G. , van Kessel Kok P. M. , Schuurman Janine , Preiner Johannes , Heck Albert J. R. , Rooijakkers Suzan H. M. 
Published: February 2021

SignificanceAntibodies are crucial for the immune response against bacteria. To drive bacterial killing, antibodies should bind to the bacterial cell and induce the complement reaction. This requires target-bound IgGs to form hexameric IgG platforms that are kept together by noncovalent Fc-Fc interactions. Interestingly, pathogenic bacteria produce IgG-binding molecules that bind specifically to the Fc region needed for hexamerization. Here we demonstrate that staphylococcal protein A (SpA) fromStaphylococcus aureusspecifically blocks formation of IgG hexamers and downstream activation of complement. Furthermore, we show that IgG3 antibodies (which are not recognized by SpA) have superior capacity to activate complement and induce killing ofS. aureusby human phagocytes. These insights provide a crucial rationale for optimizing antibody therapies againstS. aureus.
Decoding ultrafast polarization responses in lead halide perovskites by the two-dimensional optical Kerr effect
Authors: Maehrlein Sebastian F. , Joshi Prakriti P. , Huber Lucas , Wang Feifan , Cherasse Marie , Liu Yufeng , Juraschek Dominik M. , Mosconi Edoardo , Meggiolaro Daniele , De Angelis Filippo , Zhu X.-Y. 
Published: February 2021

Significance
Optoelectronic devices, such as photovoltaics or light-emitting diodes, are based on the interaction of light with charges in the active material. Lead halide perovskites (LHPs) have emerged as excellent materials for optoelectronics, but mysteries remain as to how these materials interact with light. Here, we develop a spectroscopic method to observe the nearly instantaneous responses of LHPs to propagating light fields. This method has allowed us to precisely trace a nonlinear material response resulting from the mixing of different light components overtaking each other during propagation. The resulting oscillatory signals could be easily confused with collective motions of ions or molecules, but are quantitatively accounted by strong nonlinear mixing and polarization-dressed light propagation in single-crystal LHPs.
Large-scale commodity agriculture exacerbates the climatic impacts of Amazonian deforestation
Authors: Maeda Eduardo Eiji , Abera Temesgen Alemayehu , Siljander Mika , Aragão Luiz E. O. C. , Moura Yhasmin Mendes de , Heiskanen Janne 
Published: February 2021

Significance
The southern Amazon is one of the fastest changing places on Earth. Deforestation is giving place to a dynamic and diverse landscape, comprising small-scale farmers and large-scale commercial agriculture with differing land uses. Understanding how these different land uses affect ecosystems and local climates is essential for promoting strategies to mitigate environmental changes. Here, we show that large-scale commercial agriculture leads to a higher increase in surface temperature, in comparison with small-scale farms. We also found evidence that changes in land surface attributes over large commercial farms lead to a more prominent reduction in rainfall volumes. Our results provide compelling arguments indicating that changes in farming practices are needed to guaranty a sustainable future in the Amazon region.
Hybrid plasmonic modes in a quantum cylindrical system in the presence of a nanoscale gap region
Authors: Mahmodi Moghadam M , Mobarakabadi Sh 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Theoretical analysis of hybrid plasmon polariton (HPP) wave in a cylindrical conductor–gap–dielectric structure is presented using the quantum hydrodynamic model. Numerical results show the quantum effects, including the Fermi pressure and the Bohm potential have little effect on the dispersion relations of the HPP wave in the cylindrical plasmonic system. We find that the propagation of the HPP wave in the cylindrical CGD structure is very sensitive to the radius of the metal cylinder, the thickness of the gap layer, and the permittivity of the dielectric mediums. These results will be useful for understanding the properties of the hybrid surface waves in cylindrical nanostructures.
Dynamics of a D’Alembert wave and a soliton molecule for an extended BLMP equation
Authors: Ren Bo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The D’Alembert solution of the wave motion equation is an important basic formula in linear partial differential theory. The study of the D’Alembert wave is worthy of deep consideration in nonlinear partial differential systems. In this paper, we construct a (2+1)-dimensional extended Boiti–Leon–Manna–Pempinelli (eBLMP) equation which fails to pass the Painlevé property. The D’Alembert-type wave of the eBLMP equation is still obtained by introducing one arbitrary function of the traveling-wave variable. The multi-solitary wave which should satisfy the velocity resonance condition is obtained by solving the Hirota bilinear form of the eBLMP equation. The dynamics of the three-soliton molecule, the three-kink soliton molecule, the soliton molecule bound by an asymmetry soliton and a one-soliton, and the interaction between the half periodic wave and a kink soliton molecule from the eBLMP equation are investigated by selecting appropriate parameters.
Majorana–Kondo interplay in a Majorana wire-quantum dot system with ferromagnetic contacts*
Authors: Yang Fu-Bin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We consider a single-level quantum dot (QD) and a topological superconducting wire hosting Majorana bound states at its ends. By the equation of motion method, we give the analytical Green's function of the QD in the noninteracting and the infinite interacting case. We study the effects of QD energy level and the spin polarization on the density of states (DOS) and linear conductance of the system. In the noninteracting case, the DOS resonance shifts with the change of energy level and it shows bimodal structure at large spin polarization strength. In the infinite interacting case, the up-spin linear conductance first increases and then decreases with the increase of spin polarization strength, but the down-spin is stable. However, the DOS shows a splitting phenomenon in the large energy level with the increase of spin polarization strength. This provides an interesting way to explore the physical properties of such spin dependent effect in the hybrid Majorana QD systems.
First-principles study on superconductive properties of compressive strain-engineered cryogenic superconducting heavy metal lead (Pb)
Authors: Chen Qing-Yuan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
As one of the main materials in the practical application of superconductor, lead (Pb) has been used to manufacture superconducting AC power cable and some weak current fields. With the development of manufacturing technology, more and more researchers focus on exploring the physical and chemical properties of cryogenic superconducting materials, instead of blindly pursuing the improvement of the superconducting transition temperature (T

c
). In this paper, the structural properties and superconducting transition temperature under high pressure of Pb have been studied by first-principles calculations. It has shown that Pb can withstand the compressive strain up to 10% while the lattice structure remains stable, indicated by the calculations of phonon band structures. From 0% to 10% compressive strain, there is neither a band-gap nor changing of the band structure. The changing of electronic DOS at the Fermi level leads to a decreasing of T

c
. Our calculations show that Pb is a stable elemental metallic superconductor even under high pressure, which explains the reason why it has been used in practical productions.