bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
POU1F1 transcription factor induces metabolic reprogramming and breast cancer progression via LDHA regulation
Authors: Martínez-Ordoñez Anxo , Seoane Samuel , Avila Leandro , Eiro Noemi , Macía Manuel , Arias Efigenia , Pereira Fabio , García-Caballero Tomas , Gómez-Lado Noemi , Aguiar Pablo , Vizoso Francisco , Perez-Fernandez Román 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMetabolic reprogramming is considered hallmarks of cancer. Aerobic glycolysis in tumors cells has been well-known for almost a century, but specific factors that regulate lactate generation and the effects of lactate in both cancer cells and stroma are not yet well understood. In the present study using breast cancer cell lines, human primary cultures of breast tumors, and immune deficient murine models, we demonstrate that the POU1F1 transcription factor is functionally and clinically related to both metabolic reprogramming in breast cancer cells and fibroblasts activation. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that POU1F1 transcriptionally regulates the lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) gene. LDHA catalyzes pyruvate into lactate instead of leading into the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Lactate increases breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In addition, it activates normal-associated fibroblasts (NAFs) into cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Conversely, LDHA knockdown in breast cancer cells that overexpress POU1F1 decreases tumor volume and [18F]FDG uptake in tumor xenografts of mice. Clinically, POU1F1 and LDHA expression correlate with relapse- and metastasis-free survival. Our data indicate that POU1F1 induces a metabolic reprogramming through LDHA regulation in human breast tumor cells, modifying the phenotype of both cancer cells and fibroblasts to promote cancer progression.
The multi-kinase inhibitor TG02 induces apoptosis and blocks B-cell receptor signaling in chronic lymphocytic leukemia through dual mechanisms of action
Authors: Chen Rong , Tsai Jennifer , Thompson Philip A. , Chen Yuling , Xiong Ping , Liu Chaomei , Burrows Francis , Sivina Mariela , Burger Jan A. , Keating Michael J. , Wierda William G. , Plunkett William 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe constitutive activation of B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling, together with the overexpression of the Bcl-2 family anti-apoptotic proteins, represents two hallmarks of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) that drive leukemia cell proliferation and sustain their survival. TG02 is a small molecule multi-kinase inhibitor that simultaneously targets both of these facets of CLL pathogenesis. First, its inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase 9 blocked the activation of RNA polymerase II and transcription. This led to the depletion of Mcl-1 and rapid induction of apoptosis in the primary CLL cells. This mechanism of apoptosis was independent of CLL prognostic factors or prior treatment history, but dependent on the expression of BAX and BAK. Second, TG02, which inhibits the members of the BCR signaling pathway such as Lck and Fyn, blocked BCR-crosslinking-induced activation of NF-κB and Akt, indicating abrogation of BCR signaling. Finally, the combination of TG02 and ibrutinib demonstrated moderate synergy, suggesting a future combination of TG02 with ibrutinib, or use in patients that are refractory to the BCR antagonists. Thus, the dual inhibitory activity on both the CLL survival pathway and BCR signaling identifies TG02 as a unique compound for clinical development in CLL and possibly other B cell malignancies.
Iterative parameter estimation methods for dual‐rate sampled‐data bilinear systems by means of the data filtering technique
Authors: Li Meihang , Liu Ximei 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis paper considers the iterative parameter estimation for a dual‐rate sampled‐data bilinear system with autoregressive moving average noise. Through combining the auxiliary model identification idea with the data filtering technique, this paper derives two filtering auxiliary model gradient‐based iterative algorithms by using two different filters. The key is to construct an auxiliary model for predicting the unavailable outputs, and to transform the dual‐rate bilinear system identification model into two sub‐identification models. Finally, an auxiliary model gradient‐based iterative (AM‐GI) algorithm is presented for comparison. The simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithms are effective for identifying the dual‐rate sampled‐data bilinear systems, and can generate more accurate parameter estimates and have a higher computational efficiency than the AM‐GI algorithm.
In welchen Situationen beeinflusst die Schwangerschaft unsere Therapieentscheidungen in der Phlebologie?
Authors: Mitschang Carolin , Görge Tobias 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungMit Beginn einer Schwangerschaft kommt es im weiblichen Körper zu einer Vielzahl an physiologischen Veränderungen. Sie dienen dem ungestörten Heranwachsen des Kindes und bereiten den mütterlichen Körper auf die anstehende Geburt vor. Hormonelle und anatomische Veränderungen in der Schwangerschaft können aber auch zu Symptomen und Komplikationen führen. So haben die bereits in der Frühschwangerschaft beginnenden physiologischen Anpassungen einen Einfluss auf das Beinvenen- und Gerinnungssystem. Weiterhin beeinflusst die Schwangerschaft viele Therapieentscheidungen, da einige Medikamente oder invasive Therapien gar nicht oder nur eingeschränkt eingesetzt werden können. Wiederum gibt es andere Therapien, wie z. B. die Kompressionstherapie, die einige Symptome unterstützend lindern können.
Evaluation of the Effect of Captopril and Losartan on Tacrolimus-induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats
Authors: Poormoosavi Seyedeh Mahsa , Behmanesh Mohammad Amin , Abeyat Hamed , Sangtarash Ehsan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackground Tacrolimus is an immunosuppressive drug. Activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and associated inflammations may exacerbate the toxic effects of tacrolimus. Given the significant role of the kidney in RAS this study aimed to evaluate the effect of captopril as an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) blocker and losartan as an angiotensin II receptor blocker on tacrolimus-induced nephrotoxicity.Materials and Methods In total, 36 adult male rats weighing 200–250 gr were completely randomized and divided into six groups (control, tacrolimus, tacrolimus and losartan, tacrolimus and captopril, losartan, and captopril) for 30 days. Afterwards, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr) and ACE2 enzyme were measured. Also, both kidneys were collected for histological examinations.Results The level of BUN and Cr significantly increased in tacrolimus group. The level of BUN and Cr were lower in the groups treated with a combination of tacrolimus and losartan or captopril. While ACE2 level increased in the groups receiving a combination of tacrolimus and losartan or captopril, the level of increase was insignificant, compared to the group treated with tacrolimus alone. The glomerulus diameter and the thickness of the renal proximal tubular epithelium significantly decreased in the group treated with tacrolimus alone. the mentioned variables increased in the group treated with a combination of tacrolimus and losartan or captopril, compared to the tacrolimus group.Conclusion According to this study, tacrolimus increased the BUN and Cr levels while decreasing the ACE2 levels. However, tacrolimus in combination with losartan or captopril seemed to decrease the nephrotoxicity of the drug.
COVID-19-Impfungen bei Biologika-Therapie von Asthma bronchiale
Authors: Idzko M. , Buhl R. , Eber E. , Hamelmann E. , Lamprecht B. , Horak F. , Pohl W. , Taube C. 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungFür Patienten und Patientinnen mit Asthma wird eine Impfung gegen COVID-19 empfohlen. Dies gilt auch für Patienten und Patientinnen mit schwerem Asthma. Die Behandlung des schweren Asthmas mit einem Biologikum ist keine Kontraindikation für eine Impfung gegen COVID-19.
Carbamazepine Shows Plasma and Tissue Pharmacokinetic Interactions with Ajuga bracteosa Extract in Rats
Authors: Ahmad Ejaz , Jahangir Muhammad , Ishtiaq Saiqa , Haider Hafiz Muhammad Faizan , Shah Pervaiz Akhtar , Bukhari Nadeem Irfan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCarbamazepine (CBZ) is the first-line anticonvulsant drug with a narrow therapeutic index (NTI) and is a substrate for CYP3A4 and MRP-2. Ajuga bracteosa (AB), family Lamiaceae is widely used to treat epilepsy, gastric diseases, and protects against liver damage in folk. It contains bioactive metabolites, which are powerful inhibitors of CYP3A4, CYP3A5, CYP19, CYP2C19 enzymes and P-gp transporter. Concomitant use of NTI drugs with herbs, like AB increase the chances of herb-drug interactions (HDIs). This study was aimed to analyze the Ajuga bracteosa crude extract (ABCE) and to investigate its effect on the pharmacokinetics of CBZ in rats. In the pre-treatment study, rats received ABCE (1000 mg/kg) orally for 14 days, followed by a single dose of CBZ (80 mg/kg) on the 15th day. In the co-administration study, single doses of ABCE and CBZ were administered concomitantly in one session. All the doses were administered in 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as a vehicle. HPLC analysis showed that extract contained 1.3 mg/g ursolic acid, 2.1 mg/g sitosterol and 2.9 mg/g stigmasterol. Non-compartmental pharmacokinetic analysis showed an increase in Cmax, AUC0-∞, MRT, and t1/2 with a decrease in tmax, Vd and Cl of CBZ in both, pre-treated and co-administered groups vs controls. An increase in CBZ concentration in liver tissue of both pre-treated as well as co-administered animals was observed as compared to control. The above results suggested possible HDIs between AB and CBZ thus, may warrant CBZ dose adjustment in epileptic patients with simultaneous administration of AB or its products.
Vaskuläre Malformationen – Anamnese und Klinik als wichtiges Werkzeug auf dem Weg zur Diagnose
Authors: Petersen J. , Hutchinson C. , Zinser G. , Holtsche M. , Thode M. , Kahle Birgit 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungVaskuläre Malformationen sind eine heterogene Gruppe von embryonalen Gefäßfehlbildungen, welche als venöse, arterielle, lymphatische oder kombinierte Anomalien auftreten können 1
2
3
4. Typischerweise sind diese bereits bei Geburt vorhanden. VMF sind äußerst variabel im klinischen Erscheinungsbild, je nachdem welche Gefäße betroffen sind.Bei vorwiegend lymphatischen Malformationen steht die Schwellung der betroffenen Körperregion im Vordergrund 5. Kapilläre Malformationen treten in der Regel als Naevus flammeus in Erscheinung. Die Erweiterung von Kapillargefäßen führt zu einer permanenten lividen Rötung im Hautniveau des betroffenen Areals.Dieser Fall beschreibt einen Patienten mit einer ausgedehnten kombinierten venös-kapillären und lymphatischen Malformation mit Betonung des Gesichts, des Rückens und der unteren Extremität. Aufgrund der auffälligen Schwellung der Unterlippe wurde er mit der Verdachtsdiagnose eines Melkersson-Rosenthal-Syndroms in unserer Ambulanz vorstellig.
Jean-Nicolas Corvisart (1755–1821) – Leibarzt Napoleons, Retter der Auenbruggerschen Perkussion und Pionier der Herzerkrankungen
Authors: Koehler U. 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungJean-Nicolas Corvisart des Marets (1755–1821) war der persönliche Leibarzt von Kaiser Napoleon I. Er war einer der führenden französischen Ärzte, der die klinisch-anatomische Diagnostik exzellent beherrscht und gelehrt hat. Corvisart war ein Pionier der modernen Kardiologie. Bekannt geworden ist er aber v. a. dadurch, dass er die von Leopold Auenbrugger (1722–1809) entwickelte Perkussionstechnik wieder „belebt“ und bekannt gemacht hat.
Sulfur-Promoted Redox Cyclization of 2,2′-Dinitrodiphenyl Disulfides and Benzylamines
Authors: Teramoto Masahiro , Mizuno Takumi , Imoto Mitsutaka , Takeda Motonori , Nomoto Akihiro , Ogawa Akiya 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis study aims to develop green and sustainable advanced synthetic methods based on redox cyclization. Elemental sulfur is shown to promote the efficient synthesis of 2-substituted benzothiazoles from 2,2′-dinitrodiphenyl disulfides and benzylamines via redox cyclization in the absence of transition-metal catalysts and solvents. The 2-substituted benzothiazoles are obtained in good to excellent yields. This synthetic methodology is highly atom-economical and does not require any external oxidizing and/or reducing agents.
Gold-Catalysed Cycloisomerisation of Ynamides To Access 2,2-Disubstituted Tetrahydrothiophene Motifs
Authors: Davies Paul W. , Kaur Parmjit Heer 
Published: March 2021

AbstractYnamides bearing a tethered allyl sulfoxide undergo a gold-catalysed cycloisomerisation to afford tetrahydrothiophene-2-carboxamides and their benzo-fused analogues. The reactions are initiated by a formal 7-endo-dig cyclisation and accommodate a range of different substituents. The use of N-allyl ynamides provided a route into novel spirocyclic ε-lactam structures.
Comparison of Small Intestinal Submucosal Graft and Autologous Tissue in Prevention of CSF leak after Posterior Fossa Craniotomy
Authors: Totten Douglas J. , Manzoor Nauman F. , Yancey Kristen L. , Yawn Robert J. , Haynes David S. , Rivas Alejandro 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective To compare the use of porcine small intestinal submucosal grafts (SISG) and standard autologous material (fascia) in prevention of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak and pseudomeningocele formation after translabyrinthine resection.
Setting Set at the tertiary skull base center.
Methods This is a retrospective chart review. After Institutional Review Board approval, we performed a retrospective cohort study evaluating CSF leak in patients who underwent resection of lateral skull base defects with multilayered reconstruction using either fascia autograft or porcine SISGs. Demographics were summarized with descriptive statistics. Logistic regression was used to compare autograft and xenograft cohorts in terms of CSF complications.
Results Seventy-seven patients underwent lateral skull base resection, followed by reconstruction of the posterior cranial fossa. Of these patients, 21 (27.3%) underwent multilayer repair using SISG xenograft. There were no significant differences in leak-associated complications between autograft and xenograft cohorts. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt was necessary in one (1.8%) autograft and one (4.8) xenograft cases (p = 0.49). Operative repair to revise surgical defect was necessary in three (5.4%) autograft cases and none in xenograft cases.
Conclusion The use of SISG as a component of complex skull base reconstruction after translabyrinthine tumor resection may help reduce CSF leak rates and need for further intervention.
Do All Notochordal Lesions Require Proton Beam Radiotherapy? A Proposed Reclassification of Ecchordosis Physaliphora as Benign Notochord Cell Tumor
Authors: Sooltangos Aïsha , Bodi Istvan , Ghimire Prajwal , Barkas Konstantinos , Al-Barazi Sinan , Thomas Nick , Maratos Eleni C. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objectives Ecchordosis physaliphora (EP) is a benign notochord lesion of the clivus arising from the same cell line as chordoma, its malignant counterpart. Although usually asymptomatic, it can cause spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea. Benign notochordal cell tumor (BNCT) is considered another indolent, benign variant of chordoma. Although aggressive forms of chordoma require maximal safe resection followed by proton beam radiotherapy, BNCT and EP can be managed with close imaging surveillance without resection or radiotherapy. However, while BNCT and EP can be distinguished from more aggressive forms of chordoma, differentiating the two is challenging as they are radiologically and histopathologically identical. This case series aims to characterize the clinicopathological features of EP and to propose classifying EP and BNCT together for the purposes of clinical management.
Design Case series.
Setting Tertiary referral center, United Kingdom.
Participants Patients with suspected EP from 2015 to 2019.
Main Outcome Measures Diagnosis of EP.
Results Seven patients with radiological suspicion of EP were identified. Five presented with CSF rhinorrhea and two were asymptomatic. Magnetic resonance imaging features consistently showed T1-hypointense, T2-hyperintense nonenhancing lesions. Diagnosis was made on biopsy for patients requiring repair and radiologically where no surgery was indicated. The histological features of EP included physaliphorous cells of notochordal origin (positive epithelial membrane antigen, S100, CD10, and/or MNF116) without mitotic activity.
Conclusion EP is indistinguishable from BNCT. Both demonstrate markers of notochord cell lines without malignant features. Their management is also identical. We therefore propose grouping EP with BNCT. Close imaging surveillance is required for both as progression to chordoma remains an unquantified risk.
Perioral Aerosol Sequestration Suction Device Effectively Reduces Biological Cross-Contamination in Dental Procedures
Authors: Lloro Víctor , Giovannoni Maria Laura , Luaces Vicente Lozano-de , Manzanares Maria Cristina 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective The infection risk during dental procedures is a common concern for dental professionals which has increased due to coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) pandemic. The development of devices to specifically mitigate cross-contamination by droplet/splatter is crucial to stop infection transmission. The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of a perioral suction device (Oral BioFilter, OBF) to reduce biological contamination spread during dental procedures.
Materials and Methods Forty patients were randomized 1:1 to a standard professional dental hygiene treatment with OBF and without. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence assay was used to evaluate the spread of potential contaminants. The total number of relative light units (RLU) from key dental operatory locations: operator’s face-shield, back of the surgical operator’s-gloves, patient’s safety-goggles, and instrumental table were measured. Percentage contamination reductions between control and OBF were compared.
Statistical Analysis Primary outcome, total RLU, was analyzed by comparing the means of logged data, using a two-sided two-sample t-test. Secondary outcomes as RLU of logged data for the different locations were analyzed in the same way. Proportion of patients from whom different locations reported events (clean, acceptable, and failure) were analyzed by using Fisher’s exact test.
Results For the whole dental environment, RLUs reduction (<150 units) achieved with OBF was 98.4% (97.4–99%). By dental operatory location the reduction in RLUs was from 99.6%, on the operator face-shield, to 83% on instrumental table. The control group reported a very high percentage of failures, (>300) being 100% on the surfaces closer to the patient’s mouth and decreasing to 70% on instrumental table. In contrast, the higher failure percentage in the OBF group was found on the patient’s goggles (40%), while the operator face-shield showed an absence of contamination.
Conclusion OBF device has shown efficient reduction of biological aerosol cross-contamination during dental procedures as proved by ATP-bioluminescence assay. Nevertheless, for maximum safety, its use must be combined with standard protective gear such as goggles, face shield, and surgical gloves.
Conceptualizing epistemic violence: an interdisciplinary assemblage for IR
Authors: Brunner Claudia 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWhile many forms of violence shape the global world order, the disciplines devoted to international politics are often content with reductionist concepts of violence; knowledge and knowledge production are more often than not seen as altogether antithetical to direct and physical harm. At the same time, global entanglements of knowledge with violence have increasingly come into view in the course of the ongoing (de-)colonial turn. After more than 30 years, Gayatri C. Spivak’s feminist postcolonial understanding of epistemic violence is still the preeminent theoretical touchstone for addressing this issue. By providing an interdisciplinary understanding of lesser known conceptions of epistemic violence, I open up additional routes for deploying the term in the analysis, theorization, and critique of international politics. Based on this assemblage, I frame epistemic violence along the decolonial concept of a coloniality of power, knowledge, and Being and finally consider how we can possibly undo epistemic violence while un/doing IR.
The prevalence and impact of sarcopenia in females undergoing total hip arthroplasty: A prospective study
Authors: Ueoka Ken , Kabata Tamon , Kajino Yoshitomo , Inoue Daisuke , Ohmori Takaaki , Ueno Takuro , Yoshitani Junya , Yamamuro Yuki , Taninaka Atsushi , Kato Satoshi , Yahata Tetsutaro , Tsuchiya Hiroyuki 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Although both sarcopenia and hip disease decrease physical function, few studies have investigated the association. We investigated the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients awaiting total hip arthroplasty for osteoarthritis and examined the impact of sarcopenia on pre- and postoperative outcomes.

Methods
This prospective study included 96 females. Participants were classified using two criteria. Cases defined as having sarcopenia by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria were categorized as the AWGS-sarcopenia (A-S) group, and others were categorized as the AWGS-non-sarcopenia (A-NS) group. Those classified by hand grip strength (HGS) constituted the lower-HGS (L-H) and normal-HGS (N-H) groups. Patient demographics, physical function, and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score were compared between each group.

Results
The prevalence of the AWGS sarcopenia was 33.3%. In the pre- and postoperative analyses, the L-H group had significantly poorer physical function and JOA score than the N-H group. Postoperatively, the A-S group only demonstrated poorer HGS.

Conclusion
Preoperative physical function and JOA score was significantly poorer in the L-H group; physical function was significantly poorer even postoperatively. A HGS test is useful for detecting a decline in the pre- and postoperative physical function in females with hip osteoarthritis.
Differences in the prevalence of locomotive syndrome and osteoporosis in Japanese urban and rural regions: The Kashiwara and Yakumo studies
Authors: Tanaka Satoshi , Ando Kei , Kobayashi Kazuyoshi , Nakashima Hiroaki , Seki Taisuke , Ishizuka Shinya , Machino Masaaki , Ito Sadayuki , Kanbara Shunsuke , Kanemura Tokumi , Hasegawa Yukiharu , Imagama Shiro 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To clarify whether the prevalence of locomotive syndrome (LS) and osteoporosis differed according to region, gender, and physical functions in Japan.

Methods
Data were collected in Kashiwara City (urban region) and Yakumo Town (rural region). Totally, 208 participants from the urban region and 782 participants from the rural region were included in this study. LS was assessed using the 25-item Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale and osteoporosis was assessed using a quantitative ultrasound. Physical functions were measured using grip strength and the 3-m timed up-and-go test. Differences between urban and rural regions were investigated using standardized incidence ratio and multivariate analysis.

Results
The prevalence of LS and osteoporosis was 24.5% and 42.8% in the urban region and 10.9% and 28.8% in the rural region, respectively. The standardized incidence ratio of the urban region versus the rural region was 1.80 (95% confidence intervals [CI] = 1.35–2.39) for LS and 1.21 (95% CI = 1.32–2.43) for osteoporosis, showing that the prevalence of LS was significantly higher in the urban region. Multivariate analysis indicated that LS was significantly associated with the urban sample and timed up-and-go was significantly longer in the urban sample.

Conclusion
Regional differences may be considered when evaluating LS in health checkups. Understanding the results of this study may help reduce LS prevalence.