bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of partial COVID-19 vaccination on the outcome of hospitalized COVID-19 patients during the second pandemic In India
Authors: De Sajal , Sahu Dibakar , Mahilang Diksha , IT Kalleshwara , Ganga Ranganath , Behera Ajoy 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

This study investigated the effects of COVID-19 vaccination on the outcome of hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
Methods

We included COVID-19 patients aged ≥45 years and hospitalized between 1st March to 30th June 2021 at our center. We stratified them into unvaccinated and vaccinated (received one or both doses of vaccine).
Results

Total 1430 COVID-19 patients (male: 876) were included. Five hundred thirty-six patients (37.5%) received a single vaccine dose, and 43 patients (3%) received two doses before developing COVID-19 disease. The median days of hospital stay of those who survived were ten days (IQR: 8-15). The overall mortality rate, irrespective of vaccination status, was 28.5%. The mortality in the vaccinated was significantly less than the unvaccinated (25.2% vs. 30.7%, p<0.05).The moderate (37.3% vs. 43.4%, P<0.01) and severe (16.8% vs. 21.7%) COVID-19 cases were significantly less in the vaccinated.
Conclusion

The present study showed even a single dose of COVID-19 vaccination significantly reduces the severity of the disease, mortality, and length of hospitalization.
m5C-Related lncRNAs impact on Prognosis and Tumor Microenvironment in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Wang WenLong , Li Xinying 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundEmerging evidence has indicated that 5-methylcyosine (m5C) modification plays a vital role in cancer development. However, the function of m5C RNA methylation-related long noncoding RNAs (m5C-lncRNAs) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has never been reported. We aimed to investigate the role of m5C-lncRNAs in the prognosis and tumor immune microenvironment of PTC.MethodsPearson correlation analysis, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis to filter the prognostic significance of m5C-lncRNAs. Corresponding risk score and immune risk score models were established. ESTIMATE, CIBERSOFT, ssGSEA, and MCP counter algorithms to analysis the tumor microenvironment. Finally, the expression level of m5C-lncRNAs were validated by PTC tissues and cell lines.ResultsA total of 6 m5C-related lncRNAs and five immune cell types were selected to construct risk score and immune risk score (IRS) model, respectively. Patients with a high-risk score had a worse prognosis and the ROC indicated a reliable prediction performance (AUC=0.796). As expected, the ESTIMATE and immune scores were higher (P <0.001) and the tumor purity (P <0.05) was significantly lower in the low-risk subgroup. CIBERSORT analysis showed Tregs, M0 macrophages, dendritic cells resting, and eosinophils were positively correlated to the risk score. Moreover, the expression levels of PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA-4, TIM-3, LAG-3, and KLRB1 were lower in the high-risk subgroup. Importantly, patients in high-risk subgroup tended to have a better response to immunotherapy than those in low-risk subgroup (P =0.022). Similar to the above risk score, IRS model also showed favorable prognosis predictive performance (AUC=0.764). The abundance levels and proportions of B cell naive, plasma cell, M1 macrophages, mast cells activated were higher in high-IRS subgroup. Similarly, MCP-counter algorithms analysis showed that the level of B cell, monocytes, myeloid dendritic cells were higher in high-IRS subgroup. Finally, an integrated nomogram combining risk score, IRS, and age exhibited good prognostic predictive performance. Additionally, 20 clinical samples and 7 PTC cell lines were validated.ConclusionsOur research confirm that m5C-lncRNAs not only contribute to evaluate the prognosis of patients with PTC but also help predict immune cell infiltration and immunotherapy response.
Full Molecular Screening of Colon Cancer in Patients Inherited Familial/Highly Germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutations
Authors: Alshaya Dalal S. , Al-Hazani Tahani Mohamed , Alotaibi Mashael Alhumaidi , Domiaty Dalia Mostafa , AlQahtani Alaa Ali , AlQassim Fatima Abdullah , Albasher Gadah , Al-Qahtani Wedad Saeed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: A significant body of research has presented evidence regarding an increasing number of cases of early colon cancer among young people. The present study aimed to assess the inherited germinal mutations in breast cancer 1 (BRCA1) and breast cancer 2 (BRCA2) coding areas in four consanguineous cases in generations of a single Saudi family. Methods: The sample consisted of a single Saudi family of four generations in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The family has been diagnosed with colon cancer and inherited germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2. DNA sequencing was used to examine the entire coding BRCA1 and BRCA2 sections. The colon samples were immunohistochemically and histologically analysed using BRCA1 and BRCA2 antibodies and H&E Staining Kit (Hematoxylin and Eosin), respectively. Results: A total of 21 scenarios at-risk consanguineous cases were mutations carriers of the BRCA genes (2 BRCA2 and 4 BRCA1), comprised of 3 affected consanguineous cases with malignant colon cancer. The BRCA nucleotide sequencing revealed substantial mutation’s cases in the BRCA1 genes (frameshift mutations situated within exon 11 and exon 2, where no such mutations were present in the BRCA2 genes). A novel replacement mutation within BRCA2 (exon 18) of 139 C > A was obtained with (45.83%) in females and (31.26%) in males. Immunohistochemical staining showed positive staining for BRCA1 and BRCA2. Conclusions: The major factor responsible for colon cancer incidences among the family is associated with the inherited mutations of the germline in BRCA2 and BRCA1 through repeated endogamy of consanguineous cases of the carriers of the mutation.Trial registrationRetrospectively registered.
Risk Factors and Prognostic Impact of the Completion of Adjuvant Chemotherapy with Oxaliplatin Plus Oral Fluorouracil for AGC After D2 Gastrectomy
Authors: Pan Meng-Ting , Huang Yu-Qiang , Wu Yan-Yun , Luo Ming-Xu , Ji Yu-Fei , Baima Zha-Xi , Lin Hui-Yao , Chen Bo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: To analyze the risk factors and prognostic impact of the completion of adjuvant chemotherapy with oxaliplatin plus oral fluorouracil for advanced gastric cancer (AGC) after D2 gastrectomy.Methods: A total of 234 patients with AGC who underwent D2 gastrectomy and received oxaliplatin plus oral fluorouracil adjuvant chemotherapy between January 1, 2012 to January 1, 2021 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University were identified (203 cases with SOX regime;31 cases with XELOX regime) and their clinicopathological information was retrospectively analyzed. The tolerability and safety of oxaliplatin plus oral fluorouracil therapy were analyzed. Patients were divided into high completion group (n = 135) and low completion group (n = 99) according to whether they had completed 6 cycles of adjuvant combined chemotherapy. Relevant risk factors and the prognostic impact of the completion rates of chemotherapy were analyzed.Results: 99 patients have completed more than 6 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy with oxaliplatin plus oral fluorouracil and the chemotherapy completion rate was 42.31%. Chemotherapy completion was correlated with age ( P = 0.000) and the extent of gastric resection ( P = 0.039). Age was independent risk factor of chemotherapy completion ( OR ,2.487; 95%CI ,1.449-4.268; P = 0.001). As of January 1,2021, 124 patients were followed up for more than three years, the three-year survival rate (86.9% vs 68.8%; P = 0.02) were significantly different between two groups, and the differences of pN stage, pTNM stage and nerve invasion were also statistically significant ( P < 0.05, respectively). Cox regression analysis showed that pN3 stage ( HR ,2.645; 95%CI ,1.138-6.146 ; P = 0.024) was independent prognostic factor about poor survival.Conclusions: Oxaliplatin plus fluorouracil oral adjuvant chemotherapy was safe and tolerable. Advanced age and total gastrectomy were risk factors for chemotherapy completion. The key to improve the prognosis of patients with AGC after D2 gastrectomy was to improve the completion rate of adjuvant chemotherapy.
Lifetimes of Buildings in Japan
Authors: Kayo Chihiro , Tonosaki Mario 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Ascertaining the lifetime distribution of a nation’s buildings is critical for estimating their stock flow, determining their environmental impacts, and exploring future predictions and effective measures. It is particularly necessary in climate-change-mitigating measures such as the estimation of wood carbon stock dynamics. This work uses the latest data on building stocks and inflows to identify the lifetime function and half-life of all wooden and non-wooden buildings existing in Japan from 1964–2020. The log-normal distribution of wooden buildings proved to be the most suitable lifetime function, with a half-life of 38 years in 1964, 56 years between 1965 and 1996, and 63 years between 1997 and 2020. On the other hand, the log-normal distribution resembled exponential distribution (first order decay) and was the most suitable for non-wooden buildings, with half-life of 22 years in 1964, 33 years between 1965 and 1990, and 52 years between 1991 and 2020. The lifetimes of both wooden and non-wooden buildings have increased over the course of the past half-century. It is important that future research uses these lifetime functions to explore future predictions of building stock based on new building demand, changes in lifetime, and effective climate change measures.
Anti-cancer Effects and Mechanisms of Diosmin in HepG2 Cells in Vitro Revealed by Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Cheng Cuilin , Wang Rongchun , Xia Debin , Zhang Yingchun , Xu Ning , Lu Weihong , Zheng Zhiqiang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Diosmin is able to exert anti-cancer effects on various cancer cells, including Caco-2 and HT-29. Herein, we set out to investigate the anti-cancer effects and action mechanisms of diosmin in the HepG2 cell line. We utilized the PharMapper server and Genecards database to identify the target proteins. The Autodock software was used to dock key targets with diosmin to identify action sites. MTT and Western blot assays were utilized to determine cancer cell proliferation, as well as expression of related target proteins in order to validate the antitumor effect of diosmin. Results demonstrated that 13 key targets and 14 tumor signaling pathways were involved in the anti-cancer effect of diosmin. In vitro experiments demonstrate that the number of HepG2 cells were significantly reduced with increasing Bax/Bcl-2 expression ratio after 200 µg/mL of diosmin treatment. Concomitantly, the degrees of RAS p-ERK and p-MEK were significantly decreased, whereas those of Caspase-3 was increased. In conclusion, antitumor effect of diosmin is a comprehensive effect of multi-cell signaling pathways, multi-biological processes and multiple targets. The MAPK signaling pathway is one important pathways by which diosmin exerts its anti-tumor effects. The study provides a rationale for the application of diosmin in the treatment of HepG2.
USMRI Radiomics-based Model for Predicting the Degree of Placental Implantation and Develop Radiomics-based Prediction Models
Authors: An Peng , Li Xiumei 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background:To investigate the ability of ultrasound/MRI-based radiomics signature for preoperatively predicting the degree of placental implantation and develop radiomics‑based prediction models. Methods: From January 2016 to December 2020,Clinicopathological characteristics, prenatal ultrasound images, and MRI radiomics features of 132 pregnant women with placental implantation at Xiangyang NO.1 people's Hospital were retrospectively reviewed.In the training set of 100 patients, ultrasound/MRI radiomics model, Clinicopathological model, and combined model were developed by multivariate logistic regression analysis to predict the degree of placental implantation,and the prediction performance of different models were compared using the Delong test. The developed models were validated by assessing their prediction performance in test set of 33 patients.Results:Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified history of abortion、history of endometrial injury、blurred boundary between the uterine serosa and bladder to construct combined model for predicting degree of placental implantation [the area under the curve (AUC) = 0.931; 95% CI 0.874-0.968].While the AUC of clinical model and ultrasound/MRI radiomics model were 0.858 (95% CI 0.787-0.913) and 0.709 (95% CI 0.624-0.785), respectively. The AUC of the combined model was significantly higher than that of the radiomics model (p ＜0.001) or clinical model (p = 0.0015) in training set.In test set, the combined model also showed higher prediction performance. Conclusions:Ultrasound/MRI-based radiomics signature is a powerful predictor for early degree of placental implantation. Ultrasound/MRI radiomics (constructed with Complete placenta previa、blurred boundary between the placenta and myometrium、blurred boundary between the uterine serosa and bladder) and combined model (constructed with history of abortion、history of endometrial injury、blurred boundary between the uterine serosa and bladder) can improve the accuracy for predicting the early degree of placental implantation.
PFC2D Simulation Research on Arched Structure of Salix Granules in Dense Forming
Authors: Qianyi Sha , Zhen Li , Wei Wang , Jinda Li 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The influencing factors of biomass molding play an important role in the entire biomass molding research. This study uses the arch structure to study the relationship between the microscopic and macroscopic influencing factors.Using PFC2D software to carry out uniaxial compression simulation, by changing the two influencing factors of compression speed and forming granularity, the influence of arched structure on the compact forming of Salix granules from the meso level. By analyzing the stress-strain relationship and the changes of various types of energy, the influence of the arched structure on the energy during the compression process is reflected. The research results show that the arched structure formed in the compression process will cause the stagnation or even decrease of the stress and bonding energy; the destruction of the arched structure will also cause a sudden increase in the friction energy of the particles.When the compression speeds are 0.075mm·s-1, 0.1mm·s-1, and 0.125mm·s-1, the number of particles in the arched structure are 55, 60 and 75, respectively, and the boundary energy is transformed into cohesive energy. The efficiencies are 87.2%, 73.8% and 89.9%, respectively. When the molding particle size is 0.1mm to 0.25mm, 0.25mm to 0.4mm, 0.4mm to 0.55mm, the first sudden change in stress during the compression molding process is 0.746MPa, 0.812MPa and 1.161MPa.
Adenosquamous Carcinoma of Sigmoid Colon: First Case Report in Pediatrics and Literature Review
Authors: Lu Shuaibing , Ge Fusheng , Liu Chen , Peng Liangqun , Ma Fei , Yang Wei , Zhang Zhandong , Luo Suxia , Hua Yawei 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background Colon adenosquamous carcinoma is an extremely rare cancer, especially in young people. No case of colon adenosquamous carcinoma in pediatric patient has been reported so far. Case presentation Here we present the case of a 16-year-old Chinese girl diagnosed with adenosquamous carcinoma of sigmoid colon. We performed laparoscopic sigmoidectomy with lymphadenectomy on the patient. Unfortunately, she developed liver metastasis less than 1 month after surgery. Then we implemented percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of liver mass and 4 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy on her. However, liver metastasis recurred less than 4 months after radiofrequency ablation. The girl eventurally died in 8 months after surgical resection of sigmoid colon. As far as we know, this girl is the youngest patient with sigmoid colon adenosquamous carcinoma reported so far, and the first reported case of colon adenosquamous carcinoma in pediatrics. Conclusion Only 8 months from detection to death, this case indicates the prognosis of colon adenosquamous carcinoma is poor, and adenosquamous carcinoma of colon may even have worse prognosis in pediatrics than in adults. In addition, cases with liver metastasis have a awfully unfavorable prognosis for colon adenosquamous carcinoma patients.
The Potential of Bacillus subtilis and Phosphorus in Improving the Growth of Wheat under Chromium Stress.
Authors: Ilyas Noshiin , Akhtar Nosheen , naseem Aqsa , Qureshi Rahmatullah , Satti Abid Majeed , Sayyed R Z 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The high magnitude of heavy metals contamination in daily food attracts the attention of researchers for finding efficient and eco-friendly approaches that can help resolve this problem. Hexavalent Chromium (Cr+6) is one of the most toxic heavy metals that have deteriorating effects on the growth and quality of the end product of wheat. In this research, the role of Bacillus subtilis and phosphorus fertilizer on wheat development in Cr+6 stress was evaluated. The statistical analysis of the data showed that the co-application of Bacillus subtilis and phosphorus gave considerably significant (p<0.05) results compared to their separate application. The increase in shoot length, root length, shoot fresh weight, and root fresh weight was 38.17%, 29.31%, 47.89%, and 45.85%, respectively, compared to untreated stress-facing plants. The use of Bacillus subtilis and phosphorus improved the process of osmolytes (proline 39.98%, and sugar 41.30%) production in plants which results in high water uptake and structural stability of proteins (86.65%) and improved cell membranes (66.66%) as well. They also augmented the production of antioxidants by 67.71% (SOD), 95.39% (APX), and 60.88% (CAT), respectively. The Cr+6 accumulations were reduced by 54.24%, 59.19%, and 90.26% in the shoot, root, and wheat grains, respectively. The combined application of Bacillus subtilis and phosphorus can reduce the heavy metals toxicity in crops.
Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor for Sensitive Detection of HER2-positive Exosomes Based on Reformative Tyramine Signal Amplification Activated by Molecular Aptamer Beacon Conversion
Authors: Chen Wenqin , Li Zhiyang , Cheng Wenqian , Wu Tao , Li Jia , Li Xinyu , Liu Lin , Bai Huijie , Ding Shijia , Li Xinmin , Yu Xiaolin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
HER2-positive exosomes play an extremely important role in the diagnosis and treatment options of breast cancers. Herein, based on the reformative tyramine signal amplification (TSA) enabled by molecular aptamer beacon (MAB) conversion, a label-free surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor was proposed for highly sensitive and specific detection of HER2-positive exosomes. The exosomes were captured by the HER2 aptamer region of MAB immobilized on the chip surface, which enabled the exposure of the G4 DNA that could form peroxidase-like G4-hemin. In turn, the formed G4-hemin catalyzed the deposition of plentiful tyramine-coated AuNPs (AuNPs-Ty) on the exosome membrane with the help of H2O2, generating significantly enhanced SPR signal. In the reformative TSA system, the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as a major component was replaced with nonenzymic G4-hemin, bypassing the defects of nature enzymes. Moreover, the dual-recognition of the surface proteins and lipid membrane of the desired exosomes endowed the sensing strategy with high specificity without the interruption of free proteins. As a result, this developed SPR biosensor exhibited a wide linear range from 1.0 × 104 to 1.0 × 107 particles/mL. Importantly, this strategy was able to accurately distinguish HER2-positive breast cancer patients from healthy individuals, exhibiting great potential clinical application.
Immune Characteristics of Children With Autoimmune Encephalitis and the Correlation With Short-term Prognosis
Authors: HUANG Jin-Yue , FAN Wen-Xuan , MENG Jing , CAI Chun-Quan , LI Dong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective: To explore the immune characteristics and short-term prognosis of children with autoimmune encephalitis (AE), then to analyse the relationship between them. Methods: A total of 78 children with AE were identified through the clinic database and inpatient consults in Tianjin Children’s Hospital (238 Long-Yan Road, Bei-Chen District, Tianjin, China) from January 2018 to January 2021. Based on the recent follow-up (one-year follow-up) of the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) prognosis score, they were divided into a good prognosis group (59 cases, mRS <3 points) and a poor prognosis group (19 cases, mRS ≥3 points). The immune function characteristics of the two groups of children with AE were compared using Spearman correlation to analyse the mRS score and immune function indicators (IgA, IgG, IgM, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8), and using binary logistic regression to analyse the factors affecting the prognosis of children with AE. Results: The differences in age, consciousness disorder, limb dyskinesia, cognitive impairment, onset type, mRS score at admission, and immune function status during remission between the two groups were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The mRS score of the good prognosis group at admission was significantly lower than that of the poor prognosis group (2.65 ± 0.76 vs 3.05 ± 0.71, p ＜ 0.05). IgA (0.61 ± 0.19 vs 0.87 ± 0.25, p < 0.001), IgG (8.17 ± 1.12 vs 9.02 ± 1.39, p = 0.001). IgM (1.01 ± 0.26 vs 1.23 ± 0.33, p < 0.001) in the good prognosis group were significantly lower than those in the poor prognosis group, while CD4 (36.35 ± 8.74 vs 23.89 ± 6.97, p < 0.001) and CD4/CD8 (1.68 ± 0.32 vs 1.01 ± 0.24, p = 0.001) were significantly higher than those in the poor prognosis group. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the mRS score at admission was significantly negatively correlated with CD4/CD8 (r ＝−0.775, p < 0.001), but not significantly correlated with other immune function indexes. Binary logistic regression showed that age (OR = 0.385; 95% CI = 0.200–0.741), consciousness disorder (OR = 39.3569; 95% CI = 4.073–380.262), limb movement disorder (OR = 17.107; 95% CI = 2.769–105.701), and abnormal immune function in remission (OR = 0.050; 95% CI = 0.007–0.372) were risk factors for poor prognosis in children with AE. Conclusion: There is a close correlation between mRS and immune function index CD4/CD8 in children with AE when they are admitted to the hospital. Young age, disturbance of consciousness, limb dyskinesia, and abnormal immune function in remission are risk factors for poor prognosis of children with AE. More attention should be paid in clinical treatment.