bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Space-planning Solutions for New Type of Retail and Warehouse Buildings
Authors: Shamaeva T 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Modern trade formats require changes to the typology of trade buildings. New titles and space-planning solutions emerge to build new trade and warehouse buildings. This article deals with the analysis and identification of the specific features of space-planning solutions for such buildings. A new type of public trade or warehouse building is characterized by large storage areas (70-85% of the overall area of premises), extensive product ranges, and small retail areas (up to 3-4% of the overall area). Orders and payments are made via the Internet of the digital terminals in the retail area. High (over 5.5 m) shelf and pallet storage practices are used. At warehouses, attics, panels, and built-in structures are used for storing things or as utility rooms, and seldom as office and amenity rooms. The buildings have the frame structure of metal and partially concrete.
Simple room architecture and suspended sandwich panel facades make these buildings look like warehouses. The built-up area for the majority of the facilities is over 10,000-15,000 square meters. The overall building floor space is over 15,000 square meters.
Nanocarbon Additives Application in the Polyvinyl Chloride Siding Panels Manufacture
Authors: Kopylov M V , Kleymenova N L , Bolgova I N , Zheltoukhova E Y 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
With the development of building technologies, there is a need for new finishing materials that must meet the requirements of modern standards. This concerns not only the pricing policy, but also the high quality of promising materials, that first of all, is manifested in strength characteristics. In order to strengthen and preserve the heat-insulating properties and corrosion resistance, it is proposed to introduce schungite of type III of various grades in the formulation of siding panels made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The analysis of the quality indicators of PVC panels was carried out and three main indicators were identified: melt flow rate; Charpy impact strength; bending stress. PVC siding panels with the addition of shungite were produced by injection molding. As a result of experimental studies, the dependence of the Charpy impact strength of PVC panel samples without notching and bending stress on the bulk density of schungite was revealed, and scattering diagrams of the dependence of the melt flow rate on the polymerization time and the melt flow rate on the PVC concentration were constructed. The effect of schungite concentration of various grades on the melt flow rate was revealed. The dependence of shungite application as a reinforcing filler on the decrease in the melt flow rate in comparison with the traditional filler is determined.
Adaptation of Parks for People with Disabilities in Hill Terrain of Vladivostok
Authors: Kopeva A , Maslovskaia O , Ivanova O , Zaitseva T 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The relevance of the study is determined by the need to create a sustainable, comfortable, safe, and accessible environment for people with disabilities (PWDs) in modern public open spaces (POS). Green parks are key elements of landscapes of POS and urban sustainability, improving the quality of the environment and life of society. Design, reconstruction of the landscape organization of green POS and, in particular, green parks, based on principles of Universal Design (UD), allow all city dwellers, including PWDs, have equal conditions in receiving positive emotions from communication with nature, comfortable rest, play sports to maintain self-confidence. Objects of study are green urban green parks in the hilly terrain of Vladivostok, requiring landscape adaptation for PWDs. The goal of the study is the development of an experimental project proposal for a green park in hill terrain based on UD design guidelines. To achieve this goal the study summarizes the theoretical sources for the use of principles of UD when forming green POS; analysis the availability of elements of an accessible environment in green parks in hill terrain of Vladivostok; performed the experimental projects for landscape adaptation of green parks for PWDs in hill terrain of Vladivostok, based on principles of UD.
Concerning One Approach to the Selection of Organizational and Engineering Solutions for Building Construction
Authors: Sinenko S , Poznakhirko T 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The construction process is implemented by methods differing from each other in the materials, mechanisms, tools, construction equipment used, as well as the qualitative and quantitative composition of the units and teams of workers. Each of these factors, in turn, is characterized by certain engineering, technical and economic indicators. Therefore, precise optimization models play an important role when assessing and selecting rational values for the parameters of technical, organizational and engineering solutions. Different methods and models can be used including direct enumeration of alternatives when choosing the optimal (rational) values of the parameters characterizing technical, organizational and engineering solutions. Models of this kind are extensively described in the literature and are widely used in practice. Such optimization problems are solved using a variety of methods of linear, nonlinear, stochastic programming. One of these methods is described in this paper.
Functional Zoning of Modern Educational Complexes
Authors: Kuznetsova A A , Zhdanova I V , Potienko N D 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the current trends in educational facility design both in Russia and abroad. It highlights the existing government programs intended to standardize and regulate the architectural design of educational establishments. The authors identify the specifics of large educational buildings’ functional structure and discuss a tendency towards merging several levels of education into major functional units. Examples of schooling facilities in some foreign countries reaffirm the relevance of multifunctional educational complexes. Different building units are grouped into clusters using communicative public spaces. Conclusions have been drawn as to the importance of larger educational facilities integration into various urban environments. The study systematizes functional units that keep changing during the building’s life cycle and explains the framework behind the functional replacement model. It appears expedient to use this model when designing educational facilities of different capacities.
The Formation of European Settlements in China in the Second Half of the 19th–the First Half of the 20th Century and the Features of Their Development in Manchuria
Authors: Smolianinova T A , Kim A A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The article looks at the formation of European settlements in China in the second half of the 19th–the first half of the 20th century. There are three phases of the development of these settlements: the beginning of limited point penetration into China in the middle of the 16th–the middle of the 19th century, the formation of open ports in the middle–the end of the 19 century and “sharing of the Chinese cake” at the end of the 19th–beginning of the 20th centuries. The formation of foreign settlements in Manchuria in the late 19th–first half of the 20th century, where five stages of development are highlighted, is analyzed in more detail. The first period (1897–1905) includes the laying of the Chinese Eastern Railway (CER) and South Manchuria Railway (SMR) and the formation of the first settlements under Russian control. The second period (1905–1920) includes the transformation of Harbin (the central station of the CER) into an open city and the transition of the SMR under Japanese control, where the active development of Changchun began. The third stage (1920–1932) includes the gradual Japanese expansion in the region and the development of Chinese and foreign presence on the CER. The fourth stage (1932–1945) is characterized by the creation of the puppet state of Japan Manchukuo with the center in Changchun and the gradual extrusion of foreign companies and representative offices from the region. The features of the development of the cities in Manchuria are identified. The formation of new settlements, that are not related to the existing Chinese cities, as well as the formation of a city-planning structure at the early stages of construction by Russian engineers, is highlighted.
“Dragon’s Lair” Feng Shui Landscape Pattern and Its Interpretation in the Context of Urban Planning Practice in Southern Primorye
Authors: Kazantsev P , Marus Y , Movchan E 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The article discusses the architectural and urban aspect of “Feng Shui” method for assessing landscape and climatic conditions, and the possibility of its use in the South of the Russian Far East. Following the “Feng Shui” rules, setting the distribution of energy on certain landscapes, we are dealing with the results of a comprehensive assessment of landscape, climate and other aerial characteristics. The overall landscape and climate characteristics of the territory (recorded in our case in the “Sha” or “Qi” energy distribution features) are not sufficient for the choice of certain urban planning techniques. In this regard, the “dragon’s liar” landscape situation and the monsoon climate province climatic factors interaction analysis is of practical interest also for regional urban planning. The article assesses the influence of landscape and climatic factors on the formation of comfortable conditions within the “Dragon’s Lair”. In relation to the local landscape and climatic conditions of the Vladivostok agglomeration shown, that the method of finding out the landscape patterns conformed to “Dragon’s Lair” characteristics usage practicability in the region is related to the such landscape morphotypes frequence and the annual wind and insolation regimes characteristics common for different areas. Under these conditions it is possible to identify the most comfortable terrain areas at the stage of developing an urban or rural settlement master plan, according to the topography analysis.
Passive Solar Systems in Low-Rise Housing Architecture in Southern Primorye
Authors: Kazantsev P 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This article examines the effectiveness of passive solar technologies in individual housing construction in the climatic conditions of southern Primorye. Three versions of the architectural solution of the passive solar heating “Direct Systems” model selected as the object of research, compositionally differ in the architecture of the enclosing structures interacting with the thermal massive and the location of the thermal massive in the planning structure of the house. In version 1, design of an additional roof slope shading the living area reduced the area of the south-facing stained glass and the efficiency of the passive system but solved the problem of light comfort in the house. Solar heat gains compensate heat losses by 57%. In version 2, the atrium stained-glass window open to the sun creates an uncomfortable light regime, which was compensated by a sun-shading glass unit. The loss of thermal radiation from the sun on the stained glass was almost 80%, but due to the large area of the stained glass, the contribution of the passive solar heating system remained similar to version 1 - about 50%. In version 3 of a simplified solar house of minimal dimensions, the heat-receiving stained glass window and the thermal massive are placed in the entrance zone. This placement of the passive system made it possible to maintain light comfort, and in general, a decrease in the heated volume of the house made it possible to compensate for heat losses by 94%. As these data show, with a careful architectural solution of passive solar systems, in the climatic conditions of southern Primorye engineering heating systems of a low-rise residential solar house, including renewable energy systems, can be considered as auxiliary.
Microurbanism: In the Search of Analytical Tools for the Study of Transformation Processes in Urban Spaces. Khabarovsk Example
Authors: Demyanenko A N , Klitsenko M V , Ukrainsky V N 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The article discusses the analytical capabilities of microlevel research in comprehending of transformations taking place in urban spaces essence. According to authors, the key to success in such research lies in the organic synthesis of different scientific disciplines achievements. Selected results of field studies of Khabarovsk urban environment, a large post-soviet city, in the context of the locations of informal trade are demonstrated.
Assessment of Light Concrete Frost Resistance
Authors: Bessonov I V , Ushakov A Yu , Zhukov A D , Vidiborenko V G 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Heat-insulating and structural-heat-insulating light concretes used in external enclosing structures significantly reduce the heat loss of a building in the cold season. The paper solves the problem of establishing criteria for evaluating the external walls made of light concrete blocks resistance to alternate freezing and thawing in laboratory conditions. A method for studying the frost resistance of masonry made of polystyrene concrete and cellular concrete of autoclave hardening during cycles of unilateral humidification-freezing-warming of wall fragments is proposed, which is closest to the actual operating conditions.
Physical, mechanical and thermophysical characteristics of heat-insulating and structural concrete are obtained. The dependences of heat-protective qualities on the degree of moisture content of the material, as well as the strength of the thawing conditions of samples in water and air conditions are established.
As the normalized parameters for assessing the frost resistance of light concrete masonry by unilateral freezing it is proposed to use the adhesion strength of blocks with plaster mortar, the strength of chemical anchors (breaking methods), as well as the passage speed of an ultrasonic impulse through the masonry thickness (non-breaking method).
Based on the research results, recommendations for their implementation in regulatory documents are formulated.
Oscillations of Slabs Supported on Point Supports
Authors: Abovyan A G , Abovyan G A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The urgent task which is addressed in this work is the development of methods for determining the frequencies and forms of vibrations, as well as dynamic reactions of thin slabs with various support systems, including those supported on point supports.
The aim of the work is to develop experimental methods for determining the frequencies and forms of natural oscillations of slabs with holes and thin point-supported square solid ones.
In this work, the frequencies of square slabs with free edges resting on point supports are determined; the dependences of the vibration frequencies of slabs from the coordinates of point supports and the dimensions of symmetrically placed holes; the arrangement of point supports, wherein the basic frequency of free vibrations of the slab is maximum; the frequencies, shapes, and decrements of vibrations of square slabs supported on four point supports were determined experimentally, as well as the influence of the presence of holes and the degree of pinching of the supports on the dynamic characteristics of these slabs.
The article deals with the method and analysis of results of experimental investigations of dynamic characteristics of square solid slabs with holes.
Comparison of experimental and theoretical values of frequencies of natural oscillations of slabs showed their good similarity.
The results of this work can be applied to dynamic and seismic calculations of point-supported square slabs.
Dependence of Physical and Mechanical Characteristics on the Specific Surface of Mineral Particles in Asphalt Concrete
Authors: Pugin K G , Tyuryukhanov K Yu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The ever-increasing intensity of traffic and axial loads from motor vehicles is forcing material scientists and road-building organizations to develop and use asphalt concrete with higher physical, mechanical and operational characteristics. An integral part, when creating new compositions of asphalt concrete mixtures, is the study of the processes going on at the phase boundary “surface of mineral particles - organic binder”.
In the presented studies, mineral materials with different specific surfaces were considered. To study the effect of the specific surface on the physical and mechanical properties of asphalt concrete, the following were used: natural sand, quartz sand, and waste foundry sand. To obtain an objective result of the study, all materials were selected with the same size modulus. The first stage of laboratory research was aimed at studying the structure and surface shape of the particles of stone materials. The second stage consisted of molding asphalt concrete samples and determining their physical and mechanical characteristics. Three compositions of asphalt concrete have been studied.
The presented studies confirm the theory put forward earlier by the authors about the mechanism of interaction of the surface of mineral particles with an organic binder. An increase in the specific surface of stone materials increases the adhesion force of bitumen to the surface of stone materials. It has been established that a well-developed, rough surface of particles of mineral aggregate in asphalt concrete can act as an effective modifying element. An increase or decrease in the specific surface area of the particles of mineral aggregate, with the same modulus of fineness, it is possible to achieve a proportional change in the strength characteristics of asphalt concrete using bitumen. With an increase in the specific surface of the particles of mineral aggregate in the asphalt mix, it is possible to create asphalt concrete capable of resisting increasing loads from the rolling stock.
System Target Approach of Organizational Criteria for Managing the Life Cycle of Construction Projects
Authors: Kazaryan R , Andreeva P , Galaeva N 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
As a result of the development of new technologies, it became possible to organize a single space for storing and working with files through cloud services. With the support of the use of cloud-based development, the construction industry will gain advantages, since these special technologies allow users to have significantly more independence, simplifying production by grouping access to critical information from an object or gadget. Leading Russian and foreign experts in the field of computer-aided design systems and representatives of digital technologies speak positively about a long period of use of the BIM 360 space at construction sites. Such products as BIM 360 Design are widely used for the design of light-transmitting advertising structures of buildings and constructions in companies that perform the functions of a technical customer (TC). BIM 360 Docs are integrated for technical document management. BIM 360 Docs is a server for the exchange of documentation on a project. It is a more progressive analogue of the project management information system (PMIS). The system allows viewing documentation and information models through a browser and from mobile gadgets; giving comments on project documentation and instructions with a reference point on a sheet or with reference to a place in the model; carrying out the processes of coordination of documentation and comparison of documents. The system has open access for integration with other software solutions, as a result of which it is possible to “add” your own applications, which can take information directly from files in real time, which will provide the possibility of expanding the elemental base of life cycle management processes of construction facilities in real time.
Friedensreich Hundertwasser and his «Green Architecture»
Authors: Stratonova L M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Environmental and globalization problems are swiftly becoming a focus of an ideological, political, and economic warfare. Today, it can be a reason of violent collisions and conflicts. Alongside, many solutions have already been found and are actual and successful. The world-known Hundertwasser-KrawinaHaus in Vienna can certainly be referred to such projects. The unforgettable outlook of this building excites designers’ and architects’ minds but its creator’s ideas have not been developed widely in the contemporary urban environment. The objective of the given article is to analyze main conceptions of Friedensreich Hundertwasser, a gifted and original designer and architect of the XX century. His bright creations captivate by freedom of self-expression, humane attitude to nature and people, artistic outlook of architectural forms, and highly expressive decorative and colour design of his main creation – Hundertwasser-KrawinaHaus, Vienna. At present, methods of arranging a harmonic urban environment where social cooperation of people originates on a freewill basis, can demonstrate ways of formation of a really innovational urban environment. According to Hundertwasser, nature is an inherent part of the city life and a source of purity and freshness. The care for “tree tenants” is socially important collective activities and voluntary joining together efforts of every inhabitant of the urban environment. Results. A study and usage of the past successful experience, which being a bold experiment, has become an important and meaningful part of the world cultural heritage. Such an experience can be regarded as a kind of a trigger for creative thinking of future designers and projectors. Hundertwasser’s creative work can serve as a source of inspiration for students of the Chair of Design and History of Art of the Ufa State Petroleum Technological University while making a collection of models and an exposition at the gallery “ACADEMIA” in Ufa.
General Formula of Displacements in Bending Elements
Authors: Sobakin A A , Nikolaeva D A , Androsov V A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A technique is proposed for determining displacements in bending elements using a general formula. Problems of calculating deflections and sweep angles under the action of a concentrated load and bending moment for a statically determinate cantilever beam are considered. The advantages of using the deflection equations as a continuous function are indicated. The area of rational application of the proposed formulas in solving problems using automated systems is justified. The specifics of calculating the deformed scheme in the form of a continuous model for various problems using general equations are shown.
Evaluation of Dissipative Characteristics of Pedestrian Spans with Bearings Exhibiting Viscoelastic Properties
Authors: Belutskiy I Y , Iovenko V V , Lapin A V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The use of polymer bearings with a given shear rigidity and viscoelasticity in the spans of pedestrian bridges makes it possible to effectively control the dynamic characteristics of the span. At the same time, taking into account the viscoelasticity of the bearings is not an easy task, since the attenuation coefficient that characterizes the dissipative properties of the span structure can only be calculated experimentally. In this paper, the dependencies between the basic parameters of span vibrations and the attenuation coefficient are specified. The similarity test is defined for the presented hypothesis. To compare the practical results with theoretical calculations, the materials of the R&D report “Dynamic parameters evaluation of a pedestrian bridge span on the Station 156 +32 at the object: Reconstruction of the road from the airport “Knevichi” to St. Sanatornaya on a hack of the highway M-60 “Ussuri” Khabarovsk-Vladivostok between 747-750 km” were used.