bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Farmers’ Utilisation Pattern of Soil Health Card’s Recommendation on Sali Rice Cultivation in Assam
Authors: Rabha Lohita , Barman Utpal 
Published: November 2021

Aims: The present study was undertaken to examine the utilisation pattern of Soil Health Card’s (SHC) recommendation by the farmers on sali rice cultivation in Assam.
Study Design: The numbers of respondents were selected by proportional allocation to size to make it 150 and the relevant data were cross-sectional.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was undertaken at Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat. Respondents were selected from the Darrang district of Assam during the period 2017-18.
Methodology: Descriptive as well as inferential statistical tools were employed in order to attain the objective of the study. The data was analysed by using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and Chi-square test.
Results: The result revealed that 56.67 per cent of the respondents were unable to read the content of SHC, and 82.00 per cent of the respondents did not understand the content of SHC. Moreover, 74.66 per cent of farmers did not apply fertilisers and other nutrients as per the SHC recommendation. The chi-square test showed that application of urea, Diammonium Phosphate, Singe Super Phosphate and Muriate of Potash had a higher association with increased age, education, landholding, and gross annual income of respondents.
Conclusion: The SHC scheme could not bring any positive changes to sali rice in the initial year at Darrang district. Thus, the study has suggested initiating the mass awareness campaign regularly using the concept of social marketing for judicious application of fertilisers and nutrients based on the SHC report. It is also necessary to provide technical backstopping to farmers on SHC recommendation and application to make agriculture productive, profitable, and sustainable.
Study of the Behavior of Air Parcels, using PIXE, Hysplit and Wind Rose in the Metropolitan Zone of Toluca Valley, Mexico
Authors: Ortiz Angélica Flores , Jiménez Núñez María de la Luz , Díaz Godoy Raúl Venancio 
Published: November 2021

Aim: The objective of this work was to determine the behavior of the trajectories of the air plots in two sites (San Mateo Atenco-(SM) and San Lorenzo Tepaltitlán-(SL)), in the atmosphere of the Metropolitan Zone of the Toluca Valley (MZTV).
Methodology: In the atmosphere of the MZTV, using HYSPLIT a Backward trajectory direction analysis was performed from June 29 to July 8, 2021, considering for each day the summertime schedules of the center, indicating its Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). An ANOVA analysis (with a significance level of α=0.05) was performed for the concentrations of SM and SL obtained with PIXE, with the objective of seeing the equality of their behavior.
Results: The behavior of the direction of the trajectories of the air plots in both sites is similar and the trajectories for the same day are the same in both sites but different on another day; It was determined that during night-day (19 to 12 h of the following day) the behavior is similar and changes during the remaining time, being variable. In general, the origin of the trajectories of the air plots for both sites of the MZTV is predominantly from the southeast, a situation that was confirmed with Wind Roses. Of the ANOVA analysis, the p-value was in all cases greater than the significance level of 0.05, the null hypothesis was accept, and it is possible to conclude that the elemental chemical composition of PM2.5 have equal means in both sites.
Conclusion: Among other, it is possible to consider the behavior of meteorological parameters and thus take them into account for sampling studies of criteria pollutants such as PM2.5.
Virtual Screening to Identify the Protein Network Interaction of Triclosan in Red Complex Pathogens
Authors: Ragav N. V. Hemanth , Priyadharsini J. Vijayashree , Girija A. S. Smiline , Ganesh P. Sankar 
Published: November 2021

Background: Antimicrobial drug resistance is the major problem encountered world-wide. Novel therapeutic leads have been identified and are regularly tested for their activity against microbial pathogens.
Aim: To identify the protein network interactions of triclosan in red complex pathogens.
Materials and Methods: The present study follows an observational study design which aims to screen for the interaction of triclosan in red complex pathogens. The interaction was analyzed using the STITCH v.5 pipeline. The functional class of proteins identified were assessed using VICMPred and VirulentPred softwares. The microbial pathogens Treponema denticola ATCC 35405, Tannerella forsythia ATCC 43037, Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277 are the strains of red complex pathogens that are included in the present study.
Results and Discussion: Several proteins were found to interact with triclosan. Among the protein interactions, interactions of triclosan with virulent proteins seems to have a greater impact. The NAD-dependent nucleotide-diphosphate-sugar epimerase [PGN_1370], Putative NAD dependent epimerase [PGN_1886], GDP-fucose synthetase [PGN_1079], Probable oxidoreductase [PGN_1360] of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Conserved hypothetical protein [TDE_2401], Epimerase/dehydratase family protein [TDE_1439] of Treponema denticola, NAD dependent epimerase/dehydratase family protein [BFO_2919], Hypothetical protein [BFO_1782], Nitroreductase family protein [BFO_1604] and Nitroreductase family protein [BFO_1516] Tannerella forsythia were found to be exhibit virulence nature.
Conclusion: This study identifies the molecular targets of triclosan on red complex pathogens. As triclosan interacts with the red complex pathogens, in future it can be used as a primary medicine for periodontitis and some oral conditions.
In vitro Anti-inflammatory Properties in Various Extracts (Ethanol, Chloroform and Aqueous) of Kaempferia galanga Linn Rhizome
Authors: Khan Hooriyah Laiq Ahmed , Sridevi G. , Selvaraj J. , Preetha S. 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Kaempferia galanga is a medicinal plant belonging to the family Zingiberaceae: ginger family. It is treated as a folk traditional herb. Anti Inflammatory property refers to the ability of a substance to reduce inflammation or any of its 5 cardinal signs.
Aim: To assess and compare in vitro the anti-inflammatory properties of various extracts (ethanol, chloroform and aqueous) of Kaempferia galanga L Rhizome.
Materials and Methods: Protein Denaturation Inhibition was carried out in vitro and statistical analysis was done using ONE WAY -ANOVA and Duncan Multiple Range Tests. The test was done in triplicates.
Results: Chloroform extract of Kaempferia galanga rhizome has the best anti-inflammatory potential followed by Ethanol and Aqueous extracts of the rhizome.
Conclusion: With further in vivo and clinical research, the chloroform, ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Kaempferia galanga can be recommended as a novel, innovative and potent anti-inflammatory drug in the market as it’s natural and doesn’t have side effects.
A Study on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and Its Control with Medical Nutritional Therapy among Antenatal Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in a Semi Urban Area
Authors: Shafaiyaz M. , Rohini G. 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus is a condition in pregnancy which can cause foetal and maternal complications. After delivery the newborn may have life threatening metabolic complications and later in life may suffer from obesity, glucose intolerance and Diabetes in early adulthood. The mother might also be at the risk of developing type-2 diabetes mellitus. So, the knowledge among the antenatal women will result in disease prevention and early detection.
Aim and Objective: The present study was aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and its control with medical nutritional therapy among antenatal patients in a tertiary care hospital in semi urban area.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Saveetha Medical College and hospital, Chennai, with a participation of 190antenatal patients attending the hospital for regular antenatal check up and admission for delivery. The study was conducted between the months of January and June of 2021.
Results: In total of 190 study participants, 38(20%) participants acquired the knowledge about Gestational Diabetes Mellitus from family, 73(38.42%) participants acquired from friends, 47(24.73%) participants acquired from medical professionals and 32(16.85%) participants from neighbour.
Conclusion: There was a paucity of knowledge among pregnant women about GDM and its complications. Attitude and practices of antenatal women should be improved through various programs and channels for better antenatal outcomes.
Systemic Review on the Pathogenicity of Plasmodium berghei in the Liver and Spleen of the Experimental Mice
Authors: Albohiri Haleema H. , Alzanbagi Najia A. 
Published: November 2021

Malaria is still one of the most prevalent tropical and parasitic diseases throughout the world representing a global health concern. Even with all efforts to restrict disease transmission and national malaria control programs, malaria infection continues to cause considerable morbidity and mortality in resource-poor countries. Malaria infection occurs in two stages, the Exoerythrocytic and Erythrocytic stage. The exact biology of malaria parasite in human hosts is likely relatively similar, with the main differences being attributable to the human immune response, the number of previous infections and the exposure profile. The disease severity can be determined by the balance between the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Although, research about the clinical characterization and histology of malaria has shown some information regarding the pathogenesis, the actual mechanisms by which malaria parasites produce severe disease, the immunity defends against infection is remained unknown. Studies in animal models can reveal details about the processes of severe malaria infection and human defense mechanisms. Because of its similarities to the Plasmodium species that cause human malaria, Plasmodium berghei is used as a model organism for the experimental research. In addition, of affecting the central nervous system, Plasmodium berghei infection in the Swiss Webster mouse causes systemic damage, and affects numerous organs including the liver and lymphoid organs. The infected spleen demonstrations includethe splenomegaly, re-modelling and other basic changes consist of the red pulp’s expansion, marginal zone’s slight damage, enlarged vasculature and the barrier cells activities. Moreover, the liver shows hyperplastic Kupffer cells, fatty change, portal tract inflammation, cholestasis, liver cell necrosis, sequestration of Parasitized Red Blood Cells (PRBCs) and deposition of hemozoin pigments.
A Cross Sectional Study to Assess the Knowledge, Attitude and Health Care Seeking Behaviour towards Dysmenorrhea among Female Students in a Medical College, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Tanushree B. , Akanksha . 
Published: November 2021

Background: Menstruation is a normal physiological process that occurs throughout the reproductive years of every woman[1]. Most of the women experience mild pain and discomfort during menstruation. Dysmenorrhea is defined as cramping pain in the lower abdomen accompanying menstruation.
Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and healthcare-seeking behavior towards dysmenorrhea among female students in a medical college, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 292 female students in Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Chennai. A pre-tested and structured questionnaire was used and data collected were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 16.0 and were presented in tables reporting frequency counts and percentages. Statistical significant tests were conducted using chi-square.
Results: The dysmenorrhea was reported in 243 (83.2%) of them. Out of which 206 (70.54%) had primary dysmenorrhea and 37 (12.67%) had secondary dysmenorrhea which was categorized on the basis of onset of pain. A statistically significant relationship was seen between the type of menstrual cycle and dysmenorrhea (P=0.013).
Conclusion: Many women consider dysmenorrhea to be a normal part of the menstrual cycle and thus fail to seek help. The consequences of untreated dysmenorrhea include poor concentration, highest incidence of absenteeism, resulting in loss of work hours and economic loss and social withdrawal. Therefore, interventions such as education programmes on effective management of dysmenorrhea can be planned with intention to improve the quality of life among the female students.
Assessment of Short Term Memory and Perception among Homemakers and Office Going Ladies
Authors: Anees Fharreeha Fathima , Sridevi G. , Preetha S. 
Published: November 2021

Background: Short term memory is the capacity of holding but not manipulating a small amount of information in the mind which is readily available in an active state for a short period of time. It is essential to analyze the frequency of short term memory and perception in working women and homemakers.
Aim: To comparatively evaluate short term memory and perception changes in home makers and working women
Materials and Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study was done alone in home makers and working women under the range 25- 57years above.to assess the frequency type duration of exposure to stress at home and work environment, stress symptoms and short-term memory changes.
Results: The results of the present study showed that respondents were homemakers and had high amounts of stress which led them to have low short term, memory and perception. Working women have better short term memory and perception and respondents in the age group of 46-56 years had better short memory and perception
Conclusion: The study concluded an innovative finding that stress is more in home makers compared to working women and are prone to memory loss, which they are ignorant. A proper education and awareness of stress relaxation reduction methods can help them to improve their quality in life.
A Study to Evaluate the Quality of Life of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Reddy P. Amulya , Saravanan K. , Madhukar A. 
Published: November 2021

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the QOL of patients with Diabetes Mellitus.
Study Design: This was a prospective, observational study.
Duration of Study: The study was conducted from August 2019 to January 2021 in Yashoda Hospital, Hyderabad.
Methodology: Patients of either sex with ≥1year history of diabetes willing to give the consent were included in the study. Patients of either sex with <1year history of DM, Pregnant/lactating women and patients not willing to give the consent were excluded from the study. Data on Blood glucose levels (FBS, PPBS) and HbA1C was also obtained and assessed. QOLID questionnaire was administered to the patients and assessed which consisted of a set of 34 items representing 8 domains such as Role limitation due to the physical health, Physical endurance, General health, Treatment satisfaction, Symptom botherness, Financial worries, Mental health, and Diet satisfaction).
Results: A total of 200 patients were analysed in the study,108(54%) were males and 92(46%) were females. The average age of the patients was 58.5 years with majority being 51-70years (73.5%) of age. Patients with higher age and females had poor QOL compared to others. The correlation between various categorical variables with that of scores of QOL in various domains was assessed, Age of the patients influenced QOL score in various domains like RLPH (p value-0.038), PE (p value-0.0183), and SB (p value-0.0002), Gender has influenced QOL score in domains like RLPH (p value-0.0008), PE (p value-0.0106), TS (p value-0.0005) and Educational Qualification has influenced QOL score in RLPH (p value-0.0008), GH (p value-<0.0001), TS (p value-<0.0001), E/MH (p value-<0.0001).
Conclusion: The results concluded that overall QOL was noticeably low in Diabetic patients especially in Women and elderly thus indicating that Diabetes management is not restricted to treatment but also requires attention on QOL of patients.
Virtual Screening to Identify the Protein Network Interaction of Berberine with Red Complex Pathogens
Authors: Abinaya S. , Priyadharsini J. Vijayashree , Girija A. S. Smiline , Ganesh P. Sankar 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Periodontal disease is an infection of the tissues that hold your teeth in place. It's typically caused by poor brushing and flossing habits that allow plaque, a sticky film of bacteria, to build up on the teeth and harden. Elimination of these pathogens from the site of infection remains a perplexing task, which demands the use of antibiotics. The emergence of drug resistant forms has spurred interest into identifying novel therapeutic targets against these pathogens.
Aim: The present study employs virtual screening method to identify the protein network interaction of berberine with red complex pathogens.
Materials and Methods: Computational tools were used to identify the targets, assess their functional role and virulence property. Further, the peptide epitopes present in the virulence factors were identified using the BepiPred tool. The subcellular location of the virulence proteins was also elucidated using PSORTb.
Results: Berberine was found to target vital protein transporters such as TetR family transcriptional regulator and MerR family transcriptional regulator, which is known to play a crucial role in the survival of bacterial cells.
Conclusion: Hence the present study provides preliminary data on the protein targets of berberine against red complex pathogens. However, in vitro studies using the compound is warranted to further confirm the efficacy of the compound.
Antimicrobial Activity of Cymbopogon (Lemongrass) on Enterococci
Authors: Sanjith A. Sai , Muralidharan N. P. 
Published: November 2021

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus bacteria.
Materials and Methods: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by the Broth Dilution Method. The antibiotic susceptibility test against the test organisms was performed by the Disc Diffusion Method.
Results and Discussion: Antimicrobial activity of Cymbopogon oil was examined against common Enterococcus bacteria using broth microdilution assay and the disc diffusion method. Zone of inhibition was seen when Cymbopogon oil was kept with enterococcus bacteria, this proves to be bacteriostatic.
Conclusion: Lemongrass oil proved to be bacteriostatic against Enterococcus, further research to be done to implement Lemongrass oil as an antibacterial agent.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards COVID-19 Infection during Pregnancy among Antepartum Women
Authors: Maharajan Sivasundari , Nijamudeen Shifa Shahina , Ramkumar Dhanvarsha Sumaldha Subbiah , Amthul Nimrah 
Published: November 2021

Background: Pregnant women are more susceptible to developing severe cases of COVID-19. They need to be more careful during the antepartum, intrapartum, and postpartum periods to prevent untoward outcomes. As no definite treatment for COVID- 19 has yet been proven, the only effective approach to prevent unfavorable outcome is by increasing awareness of COVID-19 among pregnant women and by encouraging them to follow the necessary prevention methods. This study was done to know, if the adherence to the recommended preventive practices were influenced by the knowledge and attitude of the mothers and whether having a good knowledge and attitude led to better adherence to prevention methods. It also aims to assess if current knowledge on the effects of COVID-19 infection on pregnancy among antenatal women is sufficient or if more efforts have to be taken to educate the mothers regarding the same.
Aims: This research aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and precautionary measures taken towards COVID-19 infection in pregnancy among antenatal women attending the outpatient clinic.
Materials and Methods: It is a descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire-based study conducted in Saveetha Medical College Hospital from January 2021 to March 2021. All antenatal women attending the obstetrics outpatient clinic were included in the study. After obtaining their consent, each woman was given a semi-structured, pre-tested questionnaire to solve on the spot. The statistical analysis used were descriptive analysis, proportions, percentages, chi-square test, and Pearson correlation coefficient.
Results: Among the 465 pregnant women included in the study, 86.02% had good knowledge of COVID-19 and its impact on pregnancy, 89.89% of women held a positive attitude towards battling the pandemic and 98.92% had good prevention practices against COVID-19 infection. There was a significant association between age and knowledge and a significant association between socioeconomic status with the knowledge, attitude, or preventive practices of the patients and between education level and attitude of the women at p<0.05. Knowledge, attitude and prevention were found to be strongly positively correlated indicating that with an increase in the knowledge there is an increase in attitude and practice of preventive measures by pregnant women.
Conclusion: The women included in this study had adequate knowledge and a good attitude towards the impact of COVID-19 on pregnancy and lactation. They also take necessary precautionary methods to safeguard against acquiring COVID -19 infection.
Assessment of Incidence of Hydroureteronephrosis among Pregnant Women of a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Rithanya S. , Sivasankar M. , Griffin M. , Premanand P. S. , Kamaraj V. , Muthulatha N. 
Published: November 2021

Background: Some degree of dilatation of the upper two-thirds of the ureter and the pelvicalyceal system is observed in physiological hydroureteronephrosis. It may be present in 90% of pregnancies and is more pronounced on the right side. It develops as early as 6-10 weeks of gestation and disappears a few weeks after birth. Smooth muscle-relaxant effects of progesterone and mechanical compression have been postulated as contributing factors. Ultrasound is the imaging modality of choice. Most of the cases resolve with conservative measures.
Objectives: The study aimed to assess the incidence of hydroureteronephrosis in pregnancy using ultrasound, to assess the laterality of hydroureteronephrosis in pregnancy and to assess the proportion of subjects with hydroureteronephrosis in pregnancy requiring intervention.
Materials and Methodology: A prospective study was conducted among the pregnant women presenting to the department of obstetrics and gynecology in a tertiary health care hospital from January 2021 to April 2021. A simple random sampling technique was employed, 40 subjects were identified for the study. The relationship between hydroureteronephrosis and gestational age, urinary tract problems and parity were compared.
Results: Unilateral right-sided hydroureteronephrosis was present in 7 (36.8%) of the study subjects with hydroureteronephrosis. Hydroureteronephrosis was observed in 22.5% and 15% of the study subjects on the right and left side respectively during the second trimester. Hydroureteronephrosis was observed in 30% and 15% of the study subjects with urinary tract problems on the right and left side respectively. Hydroureteronephrosis was observed in 13 (52%) of the study subjects with no previous delivery.
Conclusion: The incidence of hydroureteronephrosis was found to be 47.5%. Differentiation of physiological and pathological hydroureteronephrosis is necessary. A coordinated approach between obstetricians and urologists is essential to provide the best care for the mother and the fetus.