bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Test Hemisphere for Evaluation and Development of Ablation Profiles
Authors: Vinciguerra Paolo , Camesasca Fabrizio I , Munoz Maria Ingrid Torres 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To develop and apply a new evaluation device for testing excimer laser ablation that allows a three-dimensional test of the characteristics of the imparted ablation.
METHODS: A specially designed PMMA hemisphere with a 43.00-D curvature was developed, and results obtained with different algorithms and profiles of curvature with the Nidek EC-5000 excimer laser were evaluated. Topography, OPD-scan, wavefront, and keratoscopy were performed before and after ablation.
RESULTS: The test hemisphere proved to be a reliable tool, allowing repeatable ablation results, precise calibration results, as well as experimental evaluation and comparison of new profiles.
CONCLUSION: This new PMMA hemisphere can be used to improve the understanding of commonly used ablation algorithms and profiles, as well as in the daily safety routine and the experimental development and evaluation of advanced treatment solutions in excimer laser refractive surgery. [J Refract Surg 2003;19(suppl)S2e0-S264]
Statistical Analysis of Physiological Aberrations of the Cornea
Authors: Vinciguerra Paolo , Camesasca Fabrizio I , Calossi Antonio 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To determine corneal aberrometric values in a normal population.
METHODS: Corneal topography from a group of 4340 patients was retrospectively evaluated. Exclusion criteria were applied in order to select a population with good visual acuity, no previous ocular surgery, no contact lens influence, and no corneal disease. Aberrometric analysis of the corneal wavefront derived from the topographical data of the selected population was performed. Topography from 500 patients (1000 eyes) was selected for Zernike analysis of the corneal surface, with coefficients derived up to the tenth order.
RESULTS: Corneal surface aberration values related to different pupil diameter were determined.
CONCLUSION: This preliminary study provided reference values for corneal aberrations in the normal population. [J Refract Surg 2003;19(suppl): S265-S269]
The Advantages of Interrupted Sutures and a Therapeutic Lens in Keratoplasty
Authors: Paglen Patrick G , Webster Robert G , Abbott Richard L 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
Forty-one consecutive keratoplasties were performed using interrupted sutures with exposed knots in combination with therapeutic lenses applied at the time of surgery. We found that this technique offers the advantages of interrupted sutures and provides maximum comfort. The therapeutic lens prevents problems with faulty re-epithelialization, discourages vascularization, and allows easy and selective suture removal. Early final visual rehabilitation was possible because all sutures were safely removed by 15 weeks.
Sidewall-Holed Needle for Anterior Chamber Infusion
Authors: Kaufman Paul L , Friske Harlan H 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
A solid-tipped, sidewall-holed needle for anterior chamber infusion during intraocular surgery is described. The needle is passed through the corneal limbus and entirely across the periphery of the anterior chamber, so that the point emerges 2 to 3 clock hours from the entry site, with the sidewall hole centered in the chamber 1 to 1.5 clock hours from both entry and exit sites. There is no edge or point in the anterior chamber, the needle is firmly anchored to the eye at the two fixation points, the globe may be freely rotated, and the surgical field is unobstructed.
Carbon Dioxide Laser Beam Control for Corneal Surgery
Authors: Keates Richard H , Pedrotti Leno S , Weichel Hugo , Possel William H 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
Precise control of output power and beam divergence of a CO2 laser resulted in focused beam diameters down to 25 microns and essentially continuous control of energy deposition on target. Application of controlled laser beams on cow, hog, and human eye-bank reject corneal tissue gave evidence of well-defined, narrow cuts. The controllable penetration depth and width of the CO2 laser incisions seem to make the laser an ideal "knife" for such corneal modifications as radial keratotomy and epikeratophakia. Our results indicate that the CO2 laser, when successfully integrated with the standard slit lamp, may be a safe and useful tool in laser surgery of the cornea.
Closed Chamber Iridoplasty
Authors: Pallin Samuel L 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
A patient with iatrogenic, ultrasound-induced hemi-iris atrophy complained of intraocular lens edge glare and intolerable monocular diplopia. A surgical reconstruction of the iris was undertaken utilizing a new suture manufactured by Ethicon for retention and stabilization of the pupillary lens implant during secondary procedures. A straight general surgical needle 15 mm in length swedged to a 10-0 prolene ophthalmic suture is used to cross the anterior chamber limbus to limbus. The resulting horizontal trans AC suture retains the pupillary lens in position. The McCannel suture technique is modified to produce intracameral iris repair with interrupted 10-0 prolene.
Midline Forehead Flap in Reconstructive Procedures of the Eyelids and Exenterated Socket
Authors: Dortzbach Richard K , Hawes Michael J 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
The midline forehead flap is a good, versatile alternative when more standard techniques cannot be used to reconstruct the eyelids, medial canthus or exenterated socket. Indications are where: (1) the recipient site has a poor blood supply; (2) standard reconstructive procedures have failed; (3) deep, as well as superficial, tissue loss is present; and (4) extensive tissue loss is present. Four patients illustrate the value and versatility of the midline forehead flap. Disadvantages also are discussed.
Amputation Neuroma Mistaken for Recurrent Melanoma in the Orbit
Authors: Folberg Robert , Bernardino Vitaliano B , Aguilar Gary L , Shannon Gerard M 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
A 69-year-old white male had an enucleation for a choroidal melanoma 18 years ago. He had an orbital recurrence 26 years later necessitating an exenteration. Four years later, the patient complained of severe pain and a mass lesion at the apex of the orbit. Biopsy of the lesion revealed amputation (traumatic) neuroma.
Role of the CO2 Laser in Chorioretino-iridocyclectomy
Authors: Peyman Gholam A , Salzano Thomas C , Green James L , Andrews Albert H 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
Surgical extirpation of a uveal melanoma was performed by a sclerochorioretino iridocyclectomy using an externally focused CO2 laser. This was followed by a lens extraction and partial vitrectomy. The uveal melanoma proved to be of a mixed cell type.
The minimal operative and postoperative hemorrhaging was attributed in part to the cauterizing cutting characteristics of the CO2 laser. Extensive coagulation necrosis produced by the CO2 laser precluded precise histopathologic evaluation of the resected tissue margin.
Pars Plana Lensectomy for Subluxated and Dislocated Lenses
Authors: Girard Louis J 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
Pars plana lensectomy by ultrasonic fragmentation appears to be the treatment of choice for extraction of subluxated and dislocated lenses. The closed system technique allowed extraction of 11/11 subluxated lenses without operative or postoperative complications with an average observation period of 4.5 years. The technique was employed in four traumatica I Iy dislocated lenses in eyes with accompanying traumatic pathology requiring additional surgical procedures, i.e., cryoretinopexy and sclera) buckling. There were no complications in 4/4 eyes with an average observation period of 1.5 years. Pars plana lensectomy avoids many of the complications of the open-sky limbal approach i.e. anterior synechiae, vitreous incarceration, wound dehiscence, aphakic or pupillary block glaucoma, bullous keratopathy, epithelial ingrowth, stremai ingrowth or outgrowth and surgically induced astigmatism.
Foveal Pathology Following Anterior Segment Injury
Authors: Wolter J Reimer 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
A case of traumatic ocular perforation and aphakia resulting in enucleation after six weeks is used to demonstrate histopathological details of an early stage of a typical foveal involvement with grossly visible petaloid swelling of the central retina, separation of the inner limiting membrane with some exudate, massive swelling and early cystoid degeneration of Henle's fiber layer and a vertical retinal fold of the outer retinal layers extending downward from the foveola. This demonstration is important in view of its possible relationship to the clinical entity of cystoid macular edema.
Silicone Rod Frontalis Sling For the Correction of Blepharoptosis
Authors: Leone Charles R , Shore John W , Van Gemert John V 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
A frontalis sling procedure for blepharoptosis using a 1 mm solid silicone rod is described. This procedure is ideal for patients requiring frontalis suspension who are at risk for postoperative exposure keratopathy, or for patients likely to need postoperative eyelid position adjustment. These would include individuals with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia, third nerve paralysis, and myasthenia gravis. The advantages of this technique are the elasticity and the availability of the silicone rod, together with formation of an eyelid crease and ability postoperatively to adjust the position of the upper eyelid.
Iridoplasty for Prevention of Post-Keratoplasty Angle Closure and Glaucoma
Authors: Cohen Elisabeth J , Kenyon Kenneth R , Dohlman Claes H 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
Twenty patients who had iridoplasties performed at the time of penetrating keratoplasty were followed for a minimum of nine months. Although 12 patients had peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS) preoperatively, only four developed progressive PAS and secondary angle closure glaucoma postoperatively. Our experience suggests that iris suturing, by producing a mechanically rigid iris diaphragm, may prevent postoperative anterior synechiae and appositional angle closure.
Progressive Endothelial Cell Loss Following Repeat Radial Keratotomy - A Case Report
Authors: Salz James J 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
A 57-year-old female patient underwent 1 6-incision radial keratotomy followed by four additional re-operations in an attempt to eliminate her myopia (-5.75). Although she finally attained an excellent visual result uncorrected to 20/40), she sustained an endothelial cell loss of 24%, and her cornea showed excessive scarring and focal epithelial inclusion cysts indicative of poor wound healing. Re-operations for myopia should be approached with great caution because of these potential complications.
Foreign Body Giant Cells Selectively Covering Haptics of Intraocular Lens Implants: Indicators of Poor Toleration?
Authors: Wolter J Reimer 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
A Sputnik lens implant removed after five years because of bullous keratopathy exhibits a dense covering of its Supramid anterior staves with large foreign body giant cells, while its Prolene loops and Polymethylmethacrylate optics have attracted only few of these cell units. The glass-membrane-like component of the reactive membrane also shows significant differences on the different parts of this implant. The use of observation of the components of reactive membranes on lens implants as indicators of toleration in the eye is suggested.
Sebaceous Adenocarcinoma of the Eyelid
Authors: Epstein Gil A , Putterman Allen M 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
Sebaceous adenocarcinoma is a rare neoplasm of the eyelid that often masquerades as a chalazion, blepharitis, or blepharoconjunctivitis. Controversy exists as to the proper mode of therapy for patients with a tumor confined to the eyelid. We believe that wide local excision (5 to 6 mm of normal tissue) with frozen section analysis and eyelid reconstruction is the preferred treatment. Only 1 of 11 patients had a recurrence with this technique. No regional or distant metastasis has occurred in an average of 68 months of follow-up.
A Computerized Analysis of Astigmatism After Cataract Surgery
Authors: Jampel Henry D , Thompson John R , Baker C C , Stark Walter J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We have performed a computerized analysis of postoperative changes in corneal astigmatism in 203 consecutive cases of extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation performed by one surgeon. Surgical technique was standardized consisting of a 140 degree posterior Hmbal incision with ? replaced 9-0 silk and postplaced 10-0 nylon sutures. The average postoperative astigmatism was 1.60 D and the average surgically induced change in astigmatism 0.51 D after a mean follow-up of 5.4 months. When the axis of astigmatism was considered, cataract surgery on the average initially induced 2.2 D of with-the-rule astigmatism which gradually declined, stabilizing at 0.35 D against-the-rule 19 weeks postoperatively. An analysis of the natural history of astigmatism after cataract surgery helps to optimize the timing of spectacle prescription and postoperative Intervention to correct excessive astigmatism. A computerized astigmatism analysis also provides rapid feedback to guide changes in surgical technique to minimize astigmatism.
Macular Hole-Induced Retinal Detachment: Treatment with an "Armed-Silicone" Implant
Authors: Landolfo V , Albini L , Romano A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Thirty-two cases of retinal detachment with macular hole have been treated by applying an expiant made of a stainless steel sheet embedded in silicone. The results obtained were very encouraging, and the technique is recommended especially when a vitrectomy cannot be performed.
Diagnosis and Therapeutic Surgery of the Uvea - Part I: Surgical Technique
Authors: Peyman Gholam A , Raichand Motilal , Schulman Joel 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Surgical techniques of iridocyclectomy, iridochoroidectomy, eye wall resection, eye wall biopsy, and ab interno retinochoroidectomy are described. Surgical approaches to uveal neoplasms offer a new alternative for management of these disorders. Uveal and retinal biopsy expand our knowledge of pathological processes involved in tapetoretinal degeneration and uveitides. Additionally, both eye wall biopsy and resection provide tissue to confirm tumor diagnosis and malignancy.
Cicatricial Entropion: An Analysis of its Treatment With Transverse Blepharotomy and Marginal Rotation
Authors: Millman Arthur L , Katzen Lawrence B , Putterman Allen M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Transverse blepharotomy with marginal rotation is a simple and effective procedure to treat cicatricial entropion of diverse etiology in upper and lower eyelids. The surgeon can vary the site of incision and suture placement to control the amount of marginal rotation required. We treated 152 eyelids (98 patients) with this technique, obtaining an 85% overall success rate. Eleven recurrences were found in 7 of 18 lids with ocular pemphigoid; the success rate for this subgroup was 39% compared with 92% for all others. We recommend this procedure as a technically easy treatment for cicatricial entropion not caused by ocular pemphigoid.
Pupil Size After Extracapsular Cataract Extraction and Posterior Chamber Lens Implantation: A Prospective Randomized Trial of Epinephrine and Acetylcholine
Authors: Elliott Andrew , Carter Colin 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The effects of using epinephrine in the irrigating fluid and intracameral acetylcholine were studied by measuring changes in pupil size in the 48 hours following extracapsular cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation in 39 eyes. Epinephrine reduced peroperative pupil constriction, but its effect was insignificant thereafter. The pupil constriction following acetylcholine was maximal at 2 hours and was still significant at 4 hours, but pupils redilated by 6 hours. Neither drug had any effect after this time. The edge of most lens implants was visible at 6 hours, after which pupils steadily constricted.
Postoperative Complications and Visual Loss Following Molteno Implantation
Authors: Lotufo David G 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A retrospective review of 16 initial, consecutive cases of Molteno implantation with at least 6 months of follow up showed that all eyes developed either or both early-onset (12 eyes) or late-onset (7 eyes) complications. The early-onset complications, which included choroidal effusions and flat anterior chambers, tended to resolve without difficulty. By contrast, the late-onset complications, which included 4 implant extrusions, 2 vitreous hemorrhages, 1 persistent hyphema, 1 cystoid macular edema, 1 opacified vitreous face, and 1 tractional detachment with fibrous ingrowth, tended to herald poor visual prognoses. Implant removal was required in three cases. Overall, vision improved in 3 eyes (18.8%), remained unchanged in 3 (18.8%), and deteriorated two or more lines in 10 (62.4%). In 3 eyes vision deteriorated to no light perception; 2 of them became phthisical. These complications often occurred despite successful control of intraocular pressure (< 23 mm Hg). The relatively high complication rates in this series as compared with previously reported ones probably reflects a combination of factors not necessarily related to the Molteno surgery; primarily, the patients in this small series may have had more severe disease and more prior surgeries than those in other such series.
Computer-Assisted Study of Diurnal Variation in Corneal Topography After Penetrating Keratoplasty
Authors: Kwitko Sergio , Garbus Jenny J , Hwang David G , Gauderman W James , McDonnell Peter J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Diurnal changes in corneal topography have been documented to be greater in eyes following radial keratotomy that in normal eyes. To determine whether substantial changes of this nature result from corneal incisions in general or are a specific complication of radial keratotomy, we examined 12 corneas (10 patients) after penetrating keratoplasty for diurnal changes, using a computerized corneal topographic analysis system. Diurnal changes in keratometry readings, central corneal thickness, intraocular pressure, and refraction also were analyzed. From morning to evening, central corneal curvature flattened by an average of 0.74 ± 0.18 diopters in eight eyes (67%), and steepened by an average of 2.00 ± 0.53 D in four eyes (33%). Diurnal changes in central corneal thickness were correlated with diurnal changes in central corneal curvature (r = 0.63.P < .05). These data suggest that changes in corneal thickness over the course of the day may partially account for the changes in corneal curvature demonstrated to occur following penetrating keratoplasty.
Sub-Tenon's Infusion of Local Anesthetic for Strabismus Surgery
Authors: Steele Mark A , Lavrich Judith B , Nelson Leonard B , Koller Harold P 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We used a blunt irrigating cannula to infuse tetracaine 0.5% solution into the posterior sub-Tenon's space in 26 consecutive patients undergoing strabismus surgery under local anesthesia. All patients were sedated with combinations of fentanyl citrate and either propofol or midazolam. The results suggest that this technique is a safe and effective method of performing strabismus surgery under local anesthesia.
Sudden Vision Loss Following Retinal Detachment Surgery
Authors: Talwar Dinesh , Sharma Y R , Tewari H K , Khosla P K 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A 22-year-old man with Eales' disease with secondary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with a break five disc diameters from the disc underwent radial scleral buckling using a silicone sponge episcleral expiant with local cryopexy. Five hours after surgery the patient had no light perception. There was no intraoperative or postoperative rise of intraocular pressure or central retinal artery ischemia. Immediate removal of the expiant brought a return of light perception and postoperative visual acuity improvement. The episcleral expiant may have caused the direct optic nerve trauma that resulted in loss of vision.
Reduction of Postoperative Adhesions Secondary to Strabismus Surgery in Rabbits
Authors: Yaacobi Yoseph , Hamed Latif M , Kaul Karen S , Fanous Maher M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The efficacy of tissue coating with sodium hyaluronate solution or oxidized regenerated cellulose (Interceed®) sleeves in reducing the occurrence and severity of postoperative adhesions following strabismus surgery was tested in rabbits in vivo and compared with the efficacy in this regard of treatment with balanced salt solution. The use of Interceed sleeves significantly increased formation of postoperative adhesions, but coating with sodium hyaluronate solution prior to and during surgery significantly reduced such formation.
Isolated Ocular Cryptococcosis in an Immunocompetent Patient
Authors: Hester Darrell E , Kylstra Jan A , Eifrig David E 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A 62-year-old woman without evidence of immunocompromise was evaluated for uveitis and a subretinal lesion in the right eye. Laboratory evaluation, including cerebrospinal fluid analysis, revealed no apparent cause. The diagnosis of subretinal cryptococcosis was established by transscleral needle biopsy of the subretinal mass. Treatment with intravenous amphotericin B and oral 5-flucytosine brought recovery of visual acuity to 20/30-1 and resolution of the inflammation. This patient demonstrates that ocular cryptococcal infection must be suspected, even in the absence of predisposing factors or systemic findings, and that subretinal fine-needle aspiration is an important diagnostic tool in this setting.
Oculocardiac Reflex in the Anophthalmic Socket
Authors: Ginsburg Robin N , Cartwright Mont J , Murad Sharlet S , Nelson Christine C 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The oculocardiac reflex occurred in a patient with an anophthalmic socket undergoing surgery for inferior fornix shortening and laxity of the lower lid. This reflex occurs only rarely in anophthalmia; it has not been previously reported during socket surgery.
Monocular Traumatic Cataract, Extraocular Muscle Deviation, and Intraocular Lens Implantation
Authors: Alpar John J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
I report seven patients with monocular traumatic cataract who had either preinjury or postinjury extraocular muscle deviation. All but one were managed with cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation, without muscle surgery. If muscle surgery is required in such cases, I recommend that it be delayed until at least a year after the cataract and lens implantation surgery.