bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indications of Laparoscopic Repeat Liver Resection for Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Kinoshita Masahiko , Kanazawa Akishige , Tanaka Shogo , Takemura Shigekazu , Amano Ryosuke , Kimura Kenjiro , Shinkawa Hiroji , Ohira Go , Nishio Kohei , Kubo Shoji 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimThis study aimed to evaluate the indications of laparoscopic repeat liver resection (LRLR) for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma from the viewpoint of its difficulty.MethodsOne hundred and one patients who underwent LRLR and 59 patients who underwent open repeat liver resection (ORLR) were included. The difficulty was classified according to the preoperative predictive factors for difficult LRLR, including an open approach during previous liver resection, history of two or more previous liver resections, history of previous major liver resection, tumor near the resected site of the previous liver resection, and intermediate or high difficulty with the difficulty scoring system. We compared the surgical outcomes between the LRLR and ORLR groups based on the difficulty class (low‐ or intermediate difficiulty class, 0 to 3 predictive factors; high difficiulty class, 4 or 5 factors).ResultsIn the low‐ or intermediate difficiulty class, intraoperative blood loss and the proportion of patients with postoperative complications were significantly lower in LRLR than in ORLR, and the duration of the postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter in LRLR than in ORLR. In the high difficiulty class, total operative time and operative time before starting hepatic parenchymal resection were significantly longer in LRLR than in ORLR, and there were no significant differences in other surgical outcomes between the two groups.ConclusionLRLR is recommended for patients in the low or intermediate difficulty class. However, LRLR does not have an advantage with longer operative time for patients in the high difficulty class compared with ORLR.
Development of a Youth Civic Engagement Program: Process and Pilot Testing with a Youth‐Partnered Research Team
Authors: Alegría Margarita , Alvarez Kiara , NeMoyer Amanda , Zhen‐Duan Jenny , Marsico Christine , O’Malley Isabel Shaheen , Mukthineni Ravali , Porteny Thalia , Herrera Carolina‐Nicole , Najarro Cermeño Jesse , Kingston Kyle , Sisay Emnet , Trickett Edison 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAlthough research suggests neighborhood‐level factors influence youth well‐being, few studies include youth when creating interventions to address these factors. We describe our three‐step process of collaborating with youth in low‐income communities to develop an intervention focused on civic engagement as a means to address neighborhood‐level problems impacting their well‐being. In the first step, we analyzed qualitative interviews from a project in which youth shared perceptions about their neighborhoods (e.g., interpersonal relations with neighbors and institutions). Three major themes were identified: pride in youth’s communities, desire for change, and perceptions of power and responsibility. Based on these themes, we completed the second step: developing a civic engagement and leadership program, called LEAP, aimed at helping youth take an active role in addressing neighborhood problems. In the third step, we collaborated with youth who completed a pilot version of the civic program and provided feedback to finalize it for large‐scale testing. While discussing our process, we highlight the importance of including youth voices when developing programs that affect them. Furthermore, we note the need for more research exploring whether civic engagement serves as a mechanism for encouraging youth involvement in addressing neighborhood‐level health disparities and identifying potential psychological costs of such involvement.
Clinical risk factors and prognostic model for idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating diseases after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with hematological malignancies
Authors: Deng Rui‐Xin , Wu Ye‐Jun , Xu Lan‐Ping , Liu Kai‐Yan , Huang Xiao‐Jun , Zhang Xiao‐Hui 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIdiopathic inflammatory demyelinating diseases (IIDDs) of the central nervous system (CNS) are rare but serious neurological complications of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo‐HSCT). However, the risk factors and a method to predict the prognosis of post‐transplantation CNS IIDDs are not available. This retrospective study first reviewed data from 4532 patients who received haplo‐HSCT during 2008–2019 in our center, and 184 patients (4.1%) with IIDDs after haplo‐HSCT were identified. Grades II to IV acute graft‐versus‐host disease (aGVHD) (p < 0.001) and chronic GVHD (cGVHD) (p = 0.009) were identified as risk factors for developing IIDDs after haplo‐HSCT. We then divided the 184 IIDD patients into a derivation cohort and validation cohort due to transplantation time to develop and validate a model for predicting the prognosis of IIDDs. In the multivariate analysis of the derivation cohort, four candidate predictors were entered into the final prognostic model: cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection, IgG synthesis (IgG‐syn) and spinal cord lesions. The prognostic model had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.864 (95% CI: 0.803–0.925) in the internal validation cohort and 0.871 (95% CI: 0.806–0.931) in the external validation cohort. The calibration plots showed a high agreement between the predicted and observed outcomes. Decision curve analysis indicated that IIDD patients could benefit from the clinical application of the prognostic model. The identification of IIDD patients after allo‐HSCT who have a poor prognosis might allow timely treatment and improve patient survival and outcomes.
Observability of Paramagnetic NMR Signals at over 10 000 ppm Chemical Shifts
Authors: Ott Jonas C. , Suturina Elizaveta A. , Kuprov Ilya , Nehrkorn Joscha , Schnegg Alexander , Enders Markus , Gade Lutz H. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe report an experimental observation of 31P NMR resonances shifted by over 10 000 ppm (meaning percent range, and a new record for solutions), and similar 1H chemical shifts, in an intermediate‐spin square planar ferrous complex [tBu(PNP)Fe‐H], where PNP is a carbazole‐based pincer ligand. Using a combination of electronic structure theory, nuclear magnetic resonance, magnetometry, and terahertz electron paramagnetic resonance, the influence of magnetic anisotropy and zero‐field splitting on the paramagnetic shift and relaxation enhancement is investigated. Detailed spin dynamics simulations indicate that, even with relatively slow electron spin relaxation (T1 ≈10−11 s), it remains possible to observe NMR signals of directly metal‐bonded atoms because pronounced rhombicity in the electron zero‐field splitting reduces nuclear paramagnetic relaxation enhancement.
Synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial activity investigations of ruthenium (II)–bipyridine complexes of ciprofloxacin derivatives
Authors: Al‐Wahaib Dhuha , El‐Dissouky Ali , Abrar Nada M. , Khalil Tarek E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA series of ruthenium (II) complexes derived from the reaction between cis‐bis (2,2′‐bipyridine) dichloro ruthenium (II) dihydrate and enaminone derivatives of ciprofloxacin were synthesized and fully characterized using elemental analysis, cyclic voltammetry and different spectroscopic techniques (Uv–vis, FTIR, NMR, mass spectroscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS)). The isolated compounds were tested for their antibacterial and antifungal activities against gram‐negative and gram‐positive bacteria. The FTIR data revealed that ciprofloxacin derivatives act as bidentate ligands through the pyridone carbonyl and the carboxylate oxygen atom. The UV–visible data showed that the charge transfer CT band is blue shifted upon the coordination of the ciprofloxacin derivatives compared to the CT band of the parent complex. The XPS results revealed the characteristic peaks of Ru3p3/2and Ru3p1/2as well as Ru3d5/2and Ru3d3/2, which confirmed the assembly of the ruthenium (II) ciprofloxacin derivative complexes. Cyclic voltammetry data showed that the ciprofloxacin enaminone derivatives have a similar reduction potential for the Ru (II)/Ru (III) redox couple, and it revealed that the coordination of the ruthenium (II) ion altered the redox property of the ligands and enhanced their electron transfer rate. The electrochemical and the UV–visible results suggest that the ciprofloxacin derivative ligands are‐acceptor ligands. Further, the complexes showed higher antibacterial activities than the parent ciprofloxacin antibiotic and did not show antifungal activities among the tested fungi strains.
Effect of hydrophobically modified extracted starch nanocrystal on the properties of LDPE/ thermoplastic starch (TPS)/PE‐g‐MA nanocomposite
Authors: Moazzami Goudarzi Zahra , Behzad Tayebeh , Sheykhzadeh Aram 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn the current study, the key role of incorporation of starch nanocrystals (SNC) and modified acetylated starch nanocrystals (ASNC) on mechanical, physical, and biological properties of low‐density polyethylene/thermoplastic starch/polyethylene‐grafted‐maleic anhydride (LDPE/TPS/PE‐g‐MA) blend was individually investigated. To achieve this, SNC was successfully extracted from waxy maize starch by chemical treatment utilizing acid hydrolysis. The results of solubility of the modified specimens showed that the hydrophilicity of ASNC was well reduced by dispersion enhancement in non‐polar solvents, which was also proved by increasing considerably the contact angle, after modification, 37.9° ± 3.5° to 59.9° ± 3.1°. It was noticed that the mechanical properties of the ASNC nanocomposites were significantly affected by the filler type and content. Furthermore, by adding 3.0 wt% ASNC (3ASNC), the ultimate tensile strength of the nanocomposite was considerably enhanced from 9.0 ± 0.1 to 12.0 ± 0.3 MPa; it may be due to homogeneous dispersion of the ASNC. Moreover, the water absorption capacity was remarkably enhanced from 0.1% for the pure polymer, low‐density polyethylene (LDPE), to 1.9% for modified nanocomposite (3.0 wt% ASNC) and 4.1% for unmodified nanocomposite (5 wt% SNC). In addition, the degradation rate of 3ASNC nanocomposite was improved by 1% compared with LDPE. In conclusion, LDPE/TPS/PE‐g‐MA nanocomposite reinforced by ASNC shows excellent potential as a promising candidate for polyethylene packaging applications, thanks to the combination of biodegradability and superior mechanical properties.
A Facile and In‐situ Methanol‐mediated Fabrication of Low Pd Loading, High‐efficiency and Size‐selectivity Pd@ZIF‐8 Hydrogenation Catalyst
Authors: Zhang Fengwei , Liu Mengmeng , Liu Qiang , Li Jingjing , Li Boyang , Dong Zhengping 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn‐situ encapsulation of tiny and well‐dispersed Pd nanoparticles (Pd NPs) in zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) was firstly achieved using a one‐pot and facile methanol‐mediated growth approach, in which methanol served as both solvent and a mild reductant. The microstructure, morphology, crystallinity, porosity as well as evolution process of the catalysts were determined by TEM, XRD, N2 adsorption and UV‐vis spectra. Due to the complete encapsulation of such Pd NPs combined with ultrahigh surface area and uniform microporous structure of ZIF‐8, the resulting Pd@ZIF‐8‐60 min nanocomposite exhibited more superior catalytic activity for olefins hydrogenation with TOF of 7436 h−1 and excellent size selectivity than previously reported catalysts. Furthermore, the catalyst displays excellent recyclability for 1‐octene hydrogenation and without any loss of the Pd active species.
Puppets facilitate attention to social cues in children with ASD
Authors: Macari Suzanne , Chen Xinyuan , Brunissen Ludivine , Yhang Eukyung , Brennan‐Wydra Emma , Vernetti Angelina , Volkmar Fred , Chang Joseph , Chawarska Katarzyna 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDiminished visual attention to faces of social partners represents one of the early characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Here we examine if the introduction of puppets as social partners alters attention to speakers' faces in young children with ASD and typically developing (TD) controls. Children with ASD (N = 37; Mage = 49.44 months) and TD (N = 27; Mage = 40.66 months) viewed a video depicting a puppet and a human engaged in a conversation. Dwell time on these faces was analyzed as a function of group and speaker's identity. Unlike TD controls, the ASD group exhibited limited visual attention to and chance‐level visual preference for the human speaker. However, attention to and preference for the puppet speaker's face was greater than chance and comparable across the two groups. While there was a strong association between low human speaker preference and high autism severity, no association with autism severity was found for puppet speaker preference. Unlike humans, expressive and verbal puppets attracted the attention of children with ASD at levels comparable to that of TD controls. Considering that puppets can engage in reciprocal interactions and deliver simplified, salient social‐communicative cues, they may facilitate therapeutic efforts in children with ASD.Lay SummaryWhile studies have shown support for therapeutic uses of robots with children with autism, other similar agents such as puppets remain to be explored. When shown a video of a conversation between a puppet and a person, young children with ASD paid as much attention to the puppet's face as typically‐developing (TD) children. Since puppets can engage in back‐and‐forth interactions and model social interactions and communication, they may play a promising role in therapeutic efforts for young children with ASD.
Muscle strength and executive function in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Ludyga Sebastian , Pühse Uwe , Gerber Markus , Mücke Manuel 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe development of effective (non‐pharmacological) treatment approaches for executive dysfunction in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) requires evidence that factors influencing this domain can be modified by behavioral interventions. The present cross‐sectional study investigated the relative associations of ASD, muscle strength and body mass index with executive function and information processing among the Healthy Brain Network cohort. Patients with ASD (N = 174) and healthy peers (N = 202) aged 5 to 18 years completed cognitive tasks of the NIH toolbox (Pattern Comparison, Flanker, List Sorting, Card Sorting) to assess core components of executive function and information processing. Additionally, anthropometrics and muscle strength were collected from selected items (push‐ups, curl‐ups, trunk lift, and grip strength) of the Fitnessgram battery. Based on structural equation modeling, ASD was related to impaired muscle strength and executive function, when confounders (age, sex, pubertal status, and socioeconomic status) were accounted for. Muscle strength further showed independent contributions to information processing and executive function. This association was moderated by ASD, so that higher muscle strength was related to higher executive function in ASD patients only. The present findings provide a first indication that the promotion of muscle strength may have the potential to generally enhance information processing and to reduce ASD‐related executive dysfunction in children and adolescents.Lay SummaryIn comparison to healthy peers, children with ASD showed impairments in executive function and muscle strength. Moreover, higher muscle strength was independently associated with better executive function, but only in ASD patients. This is a first indication that the promotion of muscle strength, for example, by regular exercise, could contribute to a reduction of ASD‐related executive dysfunction.
Teaching hands‐only CPR using behavioral skills training
Authors: Aciu Jenny‐Lee A. , Vladescu Jason C. , Marano‐Frezza Kathleen E. , Reeve Kenneth F. , Gravina Nicole 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to use behavioral skills training (BST) that incorporated feedback through the Quality Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (QCPR) Learners application to teach hands‐only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The QCPR Learners app is an application downloaded to the user's mobile device which is connected to a training manikin via Bluetooth transmission, providing the user with real‐time feedback on performance. A multiple‐baseline design across participants design was used to evaluate the influence of BST on form and chest compressions. The results for five participants demonstrated the acquisition of proper form and appropriate chest compressions following BST. The results extended previous research as they demonstrated the efficacy of BST and feedback technology for teaching hands‐only CPR.
Metabolite Profiling Based on UPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS/MS and the Biological Evaluation of Medicinal Plants of Chinese Dichocarpum (Ranunculaceae)
Authors: Li Pei , Shen Jie , Li Yue , Yao Hui , Yu Meng , He Chunnian , Xiao Peigen 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe genus Dichocarpum is endemic to East Asia, and many species have been used to treat various diseases. However, phytochemical researches of this genus have been limited to date. In the present study, a metabolomic approach based on UPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS/MS was used to explore the phytochemical profiles of 10 Chinese Dichocarpum species, and cannabinoid receptor (CB1/CB2) agonistic activities evaluation of these plants was performed. A total of 128 features were putatively annotated, belonging to alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenes saponins, phenolic acids, and others. Semi‐quantitative statistics demonstrated that alkaloids and flavonoids were widely distributed, with the former the most abundant, whereas triterpenes saponins were mainly distributed in D. fargesii and D. wuchuanense. The phylogenetic results obtained from DNA sequencing assigned the 10 species to three groups. Further results of in silico annotation revealed three chemical families and helped determine the characteristic features of the three groups. In addition, the plant extracts of nine species from this genus showed agonistic activity on CB2 receptors. This comprehensive analysis revealed the chemotype distribution and pharmacophylogenetic relationship, to provide clues for the prospective resource utilization of the medicinal plants from the genus Dichocarpum.
NAD(H)‐PEG Swing Arms Improve Both the Activities and Stabilities of Modularly‐Assembled Transhydrogenases Designed with Predictable Selectivities
Authors: Massad Nadim , Banta Scott 
Published: August 2021

AbstractProtein engineering has been used to enhance the activities, selectivities, and stabilities of enzymes. Frequently tradeoffs are observed, where improvements in some features can come at the expense of others. Nature uses modular assembly of active sites for complex, multi‐step reactions, and natural “swing arm” mechanisms have evolved to transfer intermediates between active sites. Biomimetic polyethylene glycol (PEG) swing arms modified with NAD(H) have been explored to introduce synthetic swing arms into fused oxidoreductases. Here we report that increasing NAD(H)‐PEG swing arms can improve the activity of synthetic formate:malate oxidoreductases as well as the thermal and operational stabilities of the biocatalysts. The modular assembly approach enables the KM values of new enzymes to be predictable, based on the parental enzymes. We describe four unique synthetic transhydrogenases that have no native homologs, and this platform could be easily extended for the predictive design of additional synthetic cofactor‐independent transhydrogenases.
S‐Denitrosylase‐Like Activity of Cyclic Diselenides Conjugated with Xaa‐His Dipeptide: Role of Proline Spacer as a Key Activity Booster
Authors: Mikami Rumi , Tsukagoshi Shunsuke , Oda Yoshiki , Arai Kenta 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study developed dipeptide‐conjugated 1,2‐diselenan‐4‐amine (1), i. e., 1‐Xaa‐His, as a new class of S‐denitrosylase mimic. The synthesized compounds, especially 1‐Pro‐His, remarkably promoted S‐denitrosylation of nitrosothiols (RSNO) via a catalytic cycle involving the reversible redox reaction between the diselenide and its corresponding diselenol ([SeH,SeH]) form with coexisting reductant thiols (R′SH), during which the [SeH,SeH] form as a key reactive species reduces RSNO to the corresponding thiol (RSH). Structural analyses of 1‐Pro‐His suggested that the peptide backbone of [SeH,SeH] is rigidly bent to form a γ‐turn, possibly including an NH⋅⋅⋅Se hydrogen bond between the imidazole ring of His and selenol group, thus stabilizing the [SeH,SeH] form thermodynamically, and dramatically enhancing the catalytic activity. Furthermore, the synthetic compounds were found to prohibit S‐nitrosylation‐induced protein misfolding in the presence of RSNO, eventually implying their potential as a drug seed for misfolding diseases caused by the dysregulation of the S‐denitrosylation system.
The effect and mechanism of erianin on the reversal of oxaliplatin resistance in human colon cancer cells
Authors: Su Chang , Liu Shaoqun , Ma Xiaoying , Liu Jiajun , Liu Jianwen , Lei Ming , Cao Yiou 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMultidrug resistance (MDR) is the main cause of chemotherapy failure in the treatment of colon cancer and the high expression of drug efflux protein P‐gp is one of the main factors of MDR. P‐gp expression is regulated by the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway. In this study, human colon cancer oxaliplatin‐resistant cells were treated with oxaliplatin combined with the natural product erianin. Then, we evaluated the impact of erianin on drug resistance, and explored the relationship between erianin‐related oxaliplatin resistance and the Janus kinase 2/STAT3 signaling pathway in vitro. Our research showed that erianin could significantly inhibit the proliferation of human colon cancer oxaliplatin‐resistant cells, and suppress the cell cycle of oxaliplatin‐resistant cells in the G2/M phase, indicating that erianin could regulate the MDR phenotype of oxaliplatin‐resistant cells, and its mechanism might be the inhibition of STAT3 signaling pathway and the significant reduction of P‐gp expression. However, this study provides a theoretical basis for the clinical application of erianin in platinum‐based chemotherapy for colon cancer.
Ag3PO4‐Supported Magnetic Hydroxyapatite Composite as Green Photocatalyst for the Removal of Cationic and Anionic Dyes from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Pham Xuan Nui , Le Huu-Tai , Nguyen Trung-Tien , Pham Ngan-Thi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractEggshells were used as the main source for the synthesis of hydroxyapatite (HAp), and the semiconductor material Ag3PO4 was synthesized by the crystal formation process on magnetic HAp. X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, the Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller surface area, and X‐ray photoelectron, Fourier transform infrared, and ultraviolet‐visible light diffuse reflectance spectroscopy were employed to study the phase structure, surface morphology, and optical properties of the composite photocatalyst. The photocatalytic activities of the synthesized composites were explored for the photodegradation of both cationic (Methylene Blue) and anionic (Reactive Red 195) dyes, achieving efficiencies of around 99 % and 96 %, respectively. Vibrating sample magnetometry showed the excellent regenerability of the magnetic composite after five cycles, demonstrating its potential for removing cationic and anionic dyes from aqueous solutions.