bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reproductive Behaviors of Wild Chinese Pangolin (Manis Pentadactyla): A Case Study Based on Long-Term Monitoring
Authors: Sun Nick Ching-Min , Pei Kurtis Jai-Chyi , Wu Li-Yue 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Observations of Chinese pangolin (Manis pentadactyla) in the wild are extremely rare and challenging because of their nocturnal and cryptic activity patterns and low population density. The present article reported the first field observation in eastern Taiwan, from October 4, 2012 to June 16, 2016, on the reproductive behavior of the Chinese pangolin based on the monitoring of a female (LF28) using radiotelemetry and camera traps. During this period, LF28 aged from 1 to 4.5-years old and gave two single-births, both took place in early December, at 3 and 4 years old, respectively. We recorded the entire 157 days of the first nursing period from parturition to maternal separation. For the second infant, the gestation period was estimated to be around 150 days based on the evidence that the pregnancy started in early Jul. 2015 and the offspring was born on Dec. 9, 2015. During the entire nursing period, LF28 frequently moved the offspring from one nursing burrow to another staying various durations ranging from 1 day to more than 35 days, and almost all (= 15/16) of these burrows were located in the core (MCP75) of LF28’s home range. Started from the month of parturition and lasting throughout the whole nursing period, different adult males constantly visiting the nursing burrows were recorded. Mating behavior was recorded once outside the burrow in March, which provided evidence of the occurrence of post-partum estrus in this species. Delay implantation was proposed based on the observation of a several months lag between copulation and the estimated pregnancy initiation date. The present study demonstrated the advantage of using remote technologies to learn the life history of resting fossorial species.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy For an Individual Suffering From Chronic Pain With Overactivity And Sleep Disturbance: A Case Report
Authors: Enomoto Kiyoka , Kugo Masato , Fukui Sei , Sasaki Jun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Patients suffering from chronic pain (CP) with overactivity frequently experience sleep disturbance. In order to improve the sleep disturbance of such individuals, changing their daytime activity patterns may be a key treatment strategy.Case presentation: The patient is a 35-year-old woman suffering from CP with sleep disturbance. First, cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia was conducted to improve her sleep disturbance. However, due to the overactivity, she did not want to go to sleep earlier. Thus, she practiced activity pacing and changed her daytime activity patterns. Through activity pacing and cognitive restructuring, she stabilized her wake-up and bed times, and returned to work.Conclusions: To improve the sleep disturbance of individuals suffering from CP with overactivity, it is important to combine cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia and activity pacing.
Cortisol Response to Psychological Stress in Patients with Schizophrenia in The Chinese Population
Authors: Zhu Xiaoyu , Zhu Yu , Huang Junchao , Zhou Yanfang , Tong Jinghui , Zhang Ping , Luo Xingguang , Chen Song , Tian Baopeng , Tan Shuping , Wang Zhiren , Han Xiaole , Tian Li , Li Chiang-Shan , Hong Elliot , Tan Yunlong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction might play an important role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Cortisol secretion levels can reflect the function of the HPA axis.This study aimed to explore the cortisol response to psychological stress in patients with schizophrenia. Methods: In this cross-sectional study study, patients with schizophrenia (n = 104) and healthy volunteers (n = 59) were asked to complete psychological stress challenge tasks, which included the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task and Mirror-Tracing Persistence Task, and then, saliva was collected to measure cortisol levels. Emotions and psychopathology were assessed by the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Results: (1) that the cortisol stress response and negative emotions in patients with schizophrenia differed significantly from those in healthy controls; (2) there were significant interactions between sampling time and diagnosis for saliva cortisol levels; (3) there were significant interactions between scoring time and diagnosis for the negative affect score of the PANAS; and (4) the changes in salivary cortisol levels and negative affect scores before and after the psychological stress challenge tasks were not correlated with clinical symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. Conclusions: These findings indicated that an abnormal cortisol stress response might be a stable biological characteristic of schizophrenia.
Depression and Anxiety among University Students: a Comparison Between COVID-19 Pandemic Panic Period and Post-Panic Period in Bangladesh
Authors: Paul Gowranga Kumar , Rahman Meshbahur , Naznin Shayla , Chowdhury Mashfiqul Haq , Uddin Md Jamal 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: The current COVID-19 pandemic is the biggest public health concern. It harmed everyone, both physically and mentally. Because of panic situations in COVID-19 pandemic, students all over the world, including those in Bangladesh, are suffering from depression and anxiety. Considering this, we aimed to assess psycho-emotional changes of the university students through investigating their level of depression and anxiety effects during panic and post-panic period of COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh.Methods: Cross-sectional online surveys were conducted among university students in Bangladesh from April to July 2020 (panic period, n=170) and then from August to November 2020 (post-panic period, n=170). The PHQ-9 and GAD-7 questionnaires were used to assess respondents' depression and anxiety levels, respectively. We used continuous scores to assess the severity of depression and anxiety symptoms. We also computed binary depression and anxiety scores. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyze the data. Results: The proportion of depression symptoms was 49.4% during the panic period and 52.4% after the panic period. Anxiety symptoms were experienced by 38.2% of students during the panic period, and this percentage was nearly identical in the post-panic interval. Depression levels increased in the post-panic period and urban students have significantly (P< 0.05) higher levels of depression and anxiety than their counterparts. Female students also exhibited significantly more anxious symptoms (p=0.002) than male. Depression symptoms significantly vary by family types, students place of residence whereas students age, gender, education, family head's occupation, time period and family economic condition found no significant association with the depression.Conclusions: Students during the post-panic period have a higher prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms than during the panic period. Although the difference was small, it was still concerning for university students in Bangladesh because it interfered with their academic life.
Prebiotics Modify Host Metabolism in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Fed with a Total Plant-Based Diet: Potential Implications for Microbiome-Mediated Diet Optimization
Authors: Lokesh Jep , Ghislain Mylène , Reyrolle Marine , Bechec Mickael Le , Pigot Thierry , Terrier Frédéric , Roy Jérôme , Panserat Stéphane , Ricaud Karine 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe use of plant-based ingredients in aquafeeds is increasing because marine sources of protein and oil are unsustainable. However, plant-based ingredients cause certain metabolic complications in carnivorous species such as rainbow trout. Here, we examined whether prebiotics have the potential to affect the metabolism of juvenile trout (Average weight: 25.88±0.91 g) via microbially derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS), inulin or mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) were used at 1% or 2% in a 12-week feeding experiment. We measured changes in the intestinal microbiome, SCFA levels and metabolic responses in the intestine, liver, muscle, and adipose tissue. ResultsIn the intestine, gene expression and SCFA production did not change significantly with prebiotics, although the MOS fed groups were clustered differently. Prebiotics had a significant effect on the abundance of Bacillus, Lactobacillus and Weissella, although posterior intestinal microbial diversity and composition did not change significantly after feeding prebiotics. Two operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to Mycoplasma. dominated all samples with an average relative abundance of >95% per group. Intestinal microvillar structures were significantly improved in length in the inulin-fed groups. Systemically, overall hepatic gene expression was significantly different from control with inulin-fed groups showing upregulation of several metabolic and the fatty acid receptor genes. MOS fed groups showed a dose-dependent but contrasting response in liver and muscle. In addition, a significant reduction in final weight and SGR was observed in MOS fed at 1%. The relative abundance of OTUs belonging to Lactobacillus and Bacillus correlated with hepatic gene expression and final weight of the fish. ConclusionsInulin and MOS appear to differentially affect host metabolism, mainly in the liver and muscle. Differential abundance of Lactobacillus and Bacillus in the prebiotic-fed groups and their correlations with hepatic gene expression could indicate a prebiotic-microbiome-host axis, although this was not conclusively shown through the levels of SCFAs. In combination with a total plant-based diet, inulin could be a promising prebiotic for trout but need to be further investigated. These findings could implicate in microbiome-mediated dietary optimization of rainbow trout.
Durability Performance On Alkali Activated Metakaolin And Bottom Ash Based Geopolymer Concrete
Authors: M Logesh Kumar , V Revathi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This paper presents an experimental investigation on the durability properties of metakaolin (MK) and bottom ash (BA) blended geopolymer under different environmental exposure. The blended geopolymer concrete (GPC) was prepared with sodium based alkaline activators under ambient curing temperature. The concentration of sodium hydroxide used was 8M. The ratio of sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide was kept as 2.0. The performance of blended geopolymer concrete was compared with conventional concrete (CC). The test results reveal that blended geopolymer concrete develops a better performance against sulphate and acid resistance. Also, MK- BA GPC shows enhanced performance over the conventional concrete in terms of sorptivity, rapid chloride and water absorption.
Orthorexia Nervosa and Executive Dysfunction: Symptomatology is Related to Difficulties with Behavioral Regulation
Authors: Noebel Natalie A. , Oberle Crystal D. , Marcell Haley S. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
PurposeThis research explored whether orthorexia nervosa is associated with deficits in executive function.MethodParticipants ( n = 405; 80% women, 53% White, mean age = 24, mean body mass index = 25) completed the Orthorexia Nervosa Inventory (ONI) and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function—Adult version (BRIEF-A). ResultsONI scores were significantly correlated with all BRIEF-A scales, exhibiting the strongest correlations with the scales assessing behavioral regulation: Set Shifting, Inhibition, Emotional Control, and Self-Monitoring. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that these relationships remained significant after controlling for demographic variables (e.g., gender, body mass index, age, education level) and diagnoses of an eating disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism, and learning disability. ConclusionThese findings suggest that, despite unique manifestations, orthorexia and anorexia may possess an overlapping neuropsychological profile marked by deficits in executive function, which may negatively impact daily life.Level of evidenceLevel V, descriptive cross-sectional study
Plastic pollution in the aquatic ecosystem: an emerging threat need to be tackled
Authors: Ali Mir Mohammad , Reale Paola , Islam Md. Saiful , Asaduzzaman Md , Alam Mahbub , Rahman Md. Mostafizur 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The accumulation of plastic substances in the aquatic ecosystem is a threat that should not be underestimated. Smaller plastic pieces, such as microplastics and nanoplastics, are of particular concern since their presence in the food web is persistent. Microplastics enter in the food chain and its very bottom, when aquatic organisms eat or ingest contaminated food materials, and keep being transferred in the next food web such as predators including humans. It is evident that aquatic organisms frequently ingest microplastics across a variety of feeding guilds. Marine organisms may cause shock, inner or outer injuries, ulcerating sores, blocking digestive tracts, fake feelings, degraded feeding capabilities, fatigue, weakness, limited predator prevention, or death due to the ingestion of large plastic material and/or particles. However, effects of microplastic particles on marine organisms and the toxicity mechanisms are largely unknown. There is much more limited evidence of the impacts of microplastics intake on freshwater species, both in the limited number of studies performed and the number of species examined. However, a few recent freshwater investigations imply that the physical impacts are similar to those observed in the sea. As a result, we conducted a brief evaluation of the state of the science in order to identify knowledge gaps and research requirements to examine the impacts of microplastics on aquatic ecosystem. To yet, just a few researches have looked at the biological consequences of plastics on aquatic organisms, and the important transport pathways of plastics from freshwater to marine environments and vice-versa.
Impact of beak manipulation on egg production, some hematological and physiological parameters of Japanese quail raised under Upper Egypt climatic conditions
Authors: Abuoghaba Ahmed Abdel-kareem , Selim Dina Abdel-Fattah , Abdelfattah Mostafa Galal 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Impact of beak manipulation on egg production, some hematological and physiological parameters of Japanese quail raised under Upper Egypt climatic conditions
Plasma Cell-Free circRNAs Panel Act as Fingerprint Predicts the Occurrence of Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Han Jiahui , Lin Qiuhong , Dong Chunguang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have recently emerged as a new class of RNAs, highly enriched in the human tissues and very stable within cells, exosomes and body fluids. In this study, we aimed to screen the plasma cell-free derived circRNAs in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and investigate whether these circRNAs could predicted LSCC as potential biomarkers. Methods: The circRNA microarray was employed with three samples in each group to screen the dysregulated circRNAs isolated from plasma samples. The top 20 circRNAs were first selected as candidates with the upregulated level in the plasma of LSCC. Results: Further validation found that only circ_0019201, circ_0011773 and circ_0122790 was consistent with training set. The ROC curve also revealed a high diagnostic ability an area under ROC curve value (AUC) for single circRNA and combined. The AUC for circ_0019201, circ_0011773 and circ_0122790 and the combined was 0.933, 0.908, 0.965 and 0.990 in training set. For the validation set, the AUC was 0.766, 0.864, 0.908 and 0.951. The three circRNAs were further investigated with stable expression in human plasma samples. Conclusions: The plasma derived circ_0019201, circ_0011773 and circ_0122790 might be the potential biomarker for predicting the LSCC.
Turnover and Retention Strategies Among Mental Health Workers
Authors: Young Debbie L 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to explore retention strategies that healthcare administrators use to retain mental health workers in community mental health clinics. The study was guided by the question What strategies do HCAs use to retain their MHWs with more than 2 years of experience? MethodsA qualitative case study analysis was performed. Interviews were conducted with six healthcare administrators at Fort Worth area community mental health clinics. Interviews were coded using thematic analysis. To increase the study’s reliability and validity, the interview guide was field checked by experts and member checking performed on interview transcripts.ResultsThe healthcare administrators identified six strategies for retention: providing good benefits packages, promoting worker health and wellness, providing competitive salaries, giving workers flexible scheduling options, incentivizing workers with rewards and positive reinforcement, and maintaining open communication channels.ConclusionsThe results from this study have positive implications for mental health workers, patients, and community mental health clinics. The strategies identified in this study can be implemented to increase worker satisfaction and reduce turnover. In doing so, patients will receive higher quality care and organizations will be more attractive to prospective employees.
Deep Learning Method for Building Image Localization in Smart City
Authors: Long Yuanpeng , Zhang Guo , Pang Yu , Wang Huiqian 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In recent years, with the construction and development of smart cities, the rapid popularization of the Internet of Things and the sharp increase of Internet users, a large amount of multimedia data with geo-location information shared by users has emerged.However, only a small part of the image data is used correctly.Therefore, building detection can not only realize geographic positioning, but also has guiding significance for GIS mapping and automatic updating.With the extensive application of convolutional neural network and cyclic neural network in image processing, this paper proposes that the BFPN-RCNN algorithm can be used to recognize the curved buildings in the image.By comparing with other image detection algorithms on different data sets, it is proved that the proposed algorithm can effectively locate curved images in natural scene images.
Epidemiological Trends of Urinary Tract Infections, Urolithiasis and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in 204 Countries and Territories From 1990 to 2019
Authors: Zhu Cong , Wang Dan-Qi , Zi Hao , Huang Qiao , Gu Jia-Min , Li Lu-Yao , Guo Xin-Pei , Li Fei , Fang Cheng , Li Xiao-Dong , Zeng Xian-Tao 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundTo investigate the disease burden of urinary tract infections (UTI), urolithiasis, and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019.MethodsData were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease 2019, including incident cases, deaths, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and corresponding age-standardized rate (ASR) from 1990 to 2019. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) were calculated to evaluate the trends of ASR. The associations between disease burden and social development degrees were analyzed by socio-demographic index (SDI).ResultsCompared with 1990, the incident cases of UTI, urolithiasis, and BPH increased by 60.40%, 48.57%, and 105.70% in 2019, respectively. The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of UTI increased (EAPC = 0.08), while urolithiasis (EAPC = -0.83) and BPH (EAPC = -0.03) decreased from 1990 to 2019. In 2019, the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) of UTI and urolithiasis was 3.13/100,000 and 0.17/100,000, respectively. BPH had the largest increase (110.56%) in DALYs in past three decades, followed by UTI (68.89%) and urolithiasis (16.95%). The burden of UTI mainly concentrated in South Asia and Tropical Latin America while the burden of urolithiasis and BPH was recorded in Asia and Eastern Europe. Moreover, the ASIR and SDI of urolithiasis in high SDI regions from 1990 to 2019 were negatively correlated, while the opposite trend was in low SDI regions. In 2019, the ASIR of UTI in female was 3.59 times that of male, while the ASIR of urolithiasis in male was 1.96 times higher than female. The incidence was highest in 30-34, 55-59, and 65-69 age group among UTI, urolithiasis, and BPH, respectively. ConclusionsOver the past three decades, the disease burden remains increased in UTI, while decreased in urolithiasis and BPH. The allocation of medical resources should be more based on the epidemiological characteristics and geographical distribution of diseases.
The Energy Equity Gap: Unveiling Hidden Energy Poverty
Authors: Cong Shuchen , Nock Destenie , Qiu Yueming (Lucy) , Xing Bo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Income-based energy poverty metrics miss people's behavior (i.e., reducing energy consumption to limit financial stress). We introduce a novel method for calculating energy-limiting behavior in low-income households using a residential electricity consumption dataset. We first determine the outdoor temperature at which households start using cooling systems, the inflection temperature. Our energy poverty metric, the energy equity gap, is defined as the difference in the inflection temperatures between low and high-income groups. In our study region, we estimate the energy equity gap to be between 4.7°F and 7.5°F. In 2015–2016, within our sample of 4,577 households, we found 86 energy-poor and 214 energy-insecure households. In contrast, the income-based energy burden metric identified 141 households as energy insecure when the threshold was set to 10%. Only three households overlapped between the energy equity gap and energy burden measures. Thus, the energy equity gap reveals a hidden but complementary aspect of energy poverty.
Prevalence and factors associated with childhood diarrheal disease and acute respiratory infection in Bangladesh: An analysis of a nationwide cross-sectional survey
Authors: Kundu Satyajit , Kundu Subarna , Banna Md. Hasan Al , Ahinkorah Bright Opoku , Seidu Abdul-Aziz , Okyere Joshua 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of CDDs and ARIs and also to determine the factors associated with these conditions at the population level in Bangladesh.Setting: The study entailed an analysis of nationally representative cross-sectional secondary data from the most recent Bangladesh Demography and Health Survey (BDHS) data conducted in 2017–2018.Participants: A total of 7222 children < 5 years old for CDDs, and 7215 children aged below 5 years for ARIs during the survey from mothers aged between 15 to 49 years are the participants of this study.Results: The overall prevalence of CDD and ARI among children < 5 years old were found to be 4.91% and 3.03%, respectively. Younger children were more likely to develop both CDDs and ARIs compared to their older counterparts. Children belonging to households classified as poorest (aOR = 2.414, 95% CI (1.091 to 5.341)) and with unimproved floor materials (aOR = 1.821, 95% CI (1.145 to 2.896)) had a higher prevalence of diarrhea than those from households identified as richest and with improved floor material, respectively. Stunted children had 40.8% higher odds of diarrhea than normal children (aOR = 1.408, 95% CI (1.055 to 1.879)). Male children were 48.9% more likely to develop ARI than female children (aOR = 1.489, 95% CI (1.132 to 1.960)). Children of mothers aged below 20 years had 2 times higher odds of ARI compared to children of mothers aged 20 to 34 years (aOR = 2.166, 95% CI (1.403 to 3.344)). Children whose mothers had no formal education or had primary and secondary education had higher odds of ARI compared to children of mothers having higher education.Conclusion: Programs targeting children aged below 23 months should be designed and emphasis should be given to addressing barriers to mother’s education and household wealth to reduce CDDs and ARIs.