bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Malignant brain tumor in an infant showing histopathological features of yolk sac tumor but genetic and epigenetic features of AT/RT
Authors: Nakano Yoshiko , Satomi Kaishi , Okada Keiko , Gotoh Masahiro , Ushiama Mineko , Sakamoto Hiromi , Yoshida Teruhiko , Kunihiro Noritsugu , Hira Kouta , Fukushima Hiroko , Inoue Takeshi , Hirato Junko , Ichimura Koichi , Hara Junichi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSMARCA4 pathogenic variants are rarely detected in pediatric brain tumors other than atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors (AT/RTs) without INI1 deficiency or in some cases of medulloblastoma. Here, we report an atypical intracranial immature teratoma that recurred as a yolk sac tumor with metastatic spinal and lung lesions. Sequencing of the tumor revealed two SMARCA4 variants, including a splice‐site variant and a non‐synonymous variant of uncertain significance. Additionally, the methylation signature of the tumor was close to that of AT/RTs. Our case might be a yet‐unrecognized subtype of pediatric tumors in which inactivation of SMARCA4 contributes to the pathogenesis.
Pediatric tracheostomy surveillance
Authors: Leonard James A. , Mamidi Ishwarya S. , Mudd Pamela , Espinel Alexandra 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe report an unusual case of a 14‐month‐old ex‐28 week, ventilator‐dependent male with a history of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and tracheostomy at 2 months of age. Lost to follow‐up, at age 9 months, he presented to the emergency department with worsening respiratory distress. The patient was taken to the operating room at which time direct visualization of the airway demonstrated a mass filling the entire glottic inlet without supraglottic or pharyngeal mucosal attachments. The solid, nonvascular, mass appeared to be emanating from a suprastomal site. Excision proved to relieve the airway obstruction and postoperatively the patient has thrived.
Structural analyses of the malaria parasite aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetases provide new avenues for antimalarial drug discovery
Authors: Chhibber‐Goel Jyoti , Yogavel Manickam , Sharma Amit 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMalaria is a parasitic illness caused by the genus Plasmodium from the apicomplexan phylum. Five plasmodial species of P. falciparum (Pf), P. knowlesi, P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. vivax (Pv) are responsible for causing malaria in humans. According to the World Malaria Report 2020, there were 229 million cases and ~ 0.04 million deaths of which 67% were in children below 5 years of age. While more than 3 billion people are at risk of malaria infection globally, antimalarial drugs are their only option for treatment. Antimalarial drug resistance keeps arising periodically and thus threatens the main line of malaria treatment, emphasizing the need to find new alternatives. The availability of whole genomes of P. falciparum and P. vivax has allowed targeting their unexplored plasmodial enzymes for inhibitor development with a focus on multistage targets that are crucial for parasite viability in both the blood and liver stages. Over the past decades, aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) have been explored as anti‐bacterial and anti‐fungal drug targets, and more recently (since 2009) aaRSs are also the focus of antimalarial drug targeting. Here, we dissect the structure‐based knowledge of the most advanced three aaRSs—lysyl‐ (KRS), prolyl‐ (PRS), and phenylalanyl‐ (FRS) synthetases in terms of development of antimalarial drugs. These examples showcase the promising potential of this family of enzymes to provide druggable targets that stall protein synthesis upon inhibition and thereby kill malaria parasites selectively.
Increasing rates of NCCN high and very high‐risk prostate cancer versus number of prostate biopsy cores
Authors: Wenzel Mike , Würnschimmel Christoph , Ruvolo Claudia C. , Nocera Luigi , Tian Zhe , Saad Fred , Briganti Alberto , Tilki Derya , Graefen Markus , Kluth Luis A. , Mandel Philipp , Chun Felix K.H. , Karakiewicz Pierre I. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundRecently, an increase in the rates of high‐risk prostate cancer (PCa) was reported. We tested whether the rates of and low, intermediate, high and very high‐risk PCa changed over time. We also tested whether the number of prostate biopsy cores contributed to changes rates over time.MethodsWithin the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database (2010–2015), annual rates of low, intermediate, high‐risk according to traditional National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) and high versus very high‐risk PCa according to Johns Hopkins classification were tabulated without and with adjustment for the number of prostate biopsy cores.ResultsIn 119,574 eligible prostate cancer patients, the rates of NCCN low, intermediate, and high‐risk PCa were, respectively, 29.7%, 47.8%, and 22.5%. Of high‐risk patients, 39.6% and 60.4% fulfilled high and very high‐risk criteria. Without adjustment for number of prostate biopsy cores, the estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) for low, intermediate, high and very high‐risk were respectively −5.5% (32.4%–24.9%, p < .01), +0.5% (47.6%–48.4%, p = .09), +4.1% (8.2%–9.9%, p < .01), and +8.9% (11.8%–16.9%, p < .01), between 2010 and 2015. After adjustment for number of prostate biopsy cores, differences in rates over time disappeared and ranged from 29.8%–29.7% for low risk, 47.9%–47.9% for intermediate risk, 8.9%–9.0% for high‐risk, and 13.6%–13.6% for very high‐risk PCa (all p > .05).ConclusionsThe rates of high and very high‐risk PCa are strongly associated with the number of prostate biopsy cores, that in turn may be driven by broader use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Long noncoding RNA GAS5 interacts and suppresses androgen receptor activity in prostate cancer cells
Authors: Lv Shidong , Pu Xiaochun , Luo Mayao , Wen Haoran , Xu Zhuofan , Wei Qiang , Dang Qiang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe androgen receptor (AR) plays an important role in the progression of prostate cancer and is the most important therapeutic target. However, androgen deprivation therapy will finally lead patients to progress to castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Here, we confirmed that GAS5, a long noncoding RNA, could interact and suppress AR transactivation in CRPC C4‐2 cells. Knockdown GAS5 by short hairpin RNA would enhance the transcription of AR via promote AR recruitment to the promoter of its downstream target genes. Functionally, GAS5 overexpression inhibits cell proliferation partially through inhibiting AR transactivation in C4‐2 cells. Moreover, knocking down GAS5 protects C4‐2 cells from the docetaxel‐induced cell apoptosis. In return, the suppressed AR was found to downregulate the GAS5 expression, which forms a feedback loop resulted in AR high transcription activity in CRPC. Collectively, our findings revealed the important role of GAS5 in AR axis activity regulation and CRPC progression. Targeting GAS5 to intervene the feedback loop might be a new potential therapeutic approach for the patients at CRPC stage.
Systematic, small‐scale screening with Arabidopsis reveals herbicides synergies that extend to lettuce
Authors: Sukhoverkov Kirill V , Mylne Joshua S 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDCombining herbicides into a mixture is a common approach used to overcome the potential for herbicide resistance in weeds. Many herbicide mixtures can be antagonistic and they are rarely synergistic. Here, 24 commercial herbicides, each representing a different mode of action were used to create a matrix of all 276 unique combinations to search for new synergies in agar using Arabidopsis thaliana.RESULTSHerbicides were used at an appropriate sublethal dose such that any synergies gave visible growth inhibition. We found five synergies including three new ones, namely mesotrione–norflurazon, mesotrione–clethodim and clomazone–paraquat. All three were reproducible in soil‐grown conditions. Interestingly, the three new combinations all included a bleaching herbicide, suggesting that synergy might be a class‐specific phenomenon. We also found that mesotrione–norflurazon and mesotrione–clethodim combinations were also synergistic against lettuce (Lactuca sativa), but not tef (Eragrostis tef).CONCLUSIONOur study shows that screening herbicide mixtures against A. thaliana is an efficient approach for finding rare herbicide synergies.
Earnings announcement saliency and option trading
Authors: Adams Tom , Neururer Thaddeus 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate option trading before earnings announcement dates as a function of report saliency. We define report saliency as the number of firms announcing earnings on the same day as an examined firm. We find that overall option trading volume is higher, option trading volume increases substantially near earnings announcement dates, and that investors trade more puts than calls when earnings announcements have higher visibility. Additional analyses indicate that these patterns are more pronounced for smaller firms and relate to investors buying and holding downside risk protection before salient earnings announcements.
Ultrasound‐Targeted Microbubble Destruction Mediates Gene Transfection for Beta‐Cell Regeneration and Glucose Regulation
Authors: Zhang Chao , Chen Shuyuan , Li Qunying , Wu Jiao , Qiu Fuqiang , Chen Zhiyi , Sun Yang , Luo Jieli , Bastarrachea Raul A. , Grayburn Paul A. , DeFronzo Ralph A. , Liu Yajing , Qian Kun , Huang Pintong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractUltrasound‐targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) mediates gene transfection with high biosafety and thus has been promising toward treatment of type 1 diabetes. However, the potential application of UTMD in type 2 diabetes (T2D) is still limited, due to the lack of systematic design and dynamic monitoring. Herein, an efficient gene delivery system is constructed by plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) encoding glucagon‐like peptide 1 (GLP‐1) in ultrasound‐induced microbubbles, toward treatment of T2D in macaque. The as designed UTMD afforded enhancement of cell membrane penetration and GLP‐1 expression in macaque, which is characterized by ultrasound‐guided biopsy to monitor the dynamic process of islet cells for 6 months. Also, improvement of pancreatic beta cell regeneration, and regulation of plasma glucose in macaque with T2D is achieved. The approach would serve as promising alternatives for the treatment of T2D.
image2emmet: Automatic code generation from web user interface image
Authors: Xu Yong , Bo Lili , Sun Xiaobing , Li Bin , Jiang Jing , Zhou Wei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWeb development usually follows with analyzing the functionality, designing the user interface (UI) prototype, implementing the UI by front‐end (FE) developers and implementing the REpresentational State Transfer (RESTful) application programming interface (API) by back‐end (BE) programmers. Unfortunately, web development is a tedious, cumbersome, and time‐consuming task, which makes it a challenge for the FE programmers to work in an efficient way. In this paper, we propose an approach, image2emmet, to assist FE programmers in implementing the UI. First, we collect HyperText Markup Language, Cascading Style Sheets (HTML‐CSS) dataset in an automatic and efficient way. The HTML‐CSS dataset used for model training consists of HTML‐CSS code and its display images. Second, the faster region‐based convolutional neural network (CNN) (R‐CNN) is utilized to detect the UI component. Finally, we build a model combining CNN and long short‐term memory (LSTM) to transform the UI component into the HTML‐CSS code. The empirical study demonstrates that image2emmet can achieve a precision of 80% on the UI component detection and 60% on the transformation of UI component into HTML‐CSS code.
An energy‐aware virtual machines consolidation method for cloud computing: Simulation and verification
Authors: Zolfaghari Rahmat , Sahafi Amir , Rahmani Amir Masoud , Rezaei Reza 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCloud systems have become an essential part of our daily lives owing to various Internet‐based services. Consequently, their energy utilization has also become a necessary concern in cloud computing systems increasingly. Live migration, including several virtual machines (VMs) packed on in minimal physical machines (PMs) as virtual machines consolidation (VMC) technique, is an approach to optimize power consumption. In this article, we have proposed an energy‐aware method for the VMC problem, which is called energy‐aware virtual machines consolidation (EVMC), to optimize the energy consumption regarding the quality of service guarantee, which comprises: (1) the support vector machine classification method based on the utilization rate of all resource of PMs that is used for PM detection in terms of the amount' load; (2) the modified minimization of migration approach which is used for VM selection; (3) the modified particle swarm optimization which is implemented for VM placement. Also, the evaluation of the functional requirements of the method is presented by the formal method and the non‐functional requirements by simulation. Finally, in contrast to the standard greedy algorithms such as modified best fit decreasing, the EVMC decreases the active PMs and migration of VMs, respectively, 30%, 50% on average. Also, it is more efficient for the energy 30% on average, resources and the balance degree 15% on average in the cloud.
Local, Seasonal, and Yearly Condition of Juvenile Greenland Halibut Revealed by the Le Cren Condition Index
Authors: Ghinter Léopold , Ait Youcef Wahiba , Lambert Yvan , Morgan M. Joanne , Audet Céline 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAn understanding of biological characteristics, such as growth patterns, condition, and energy reserves, is important for better understanding the environmental constraints exerted on fish populations. This is especially true for exploited fish stocks in the current context of climate change. Using biological data collected from 2006 to 2009 during bottom trawl research surveys by Fisheries and Oceans Canada in the estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence (EGSL) as well as data from 2000 to 2018 in the northwest Atlantic, we sought to improve our knowledge on the seasonal condition of Greenland Halibut Reinhardtius hippoglossoides juveniles and to better understand the divergence in some life history traits between juveniles captured in these two regions. We validated the use of the Le Cren condition index and evaluated its relationship with energetic status in juvenile (20–32‐cm TL) Greenland Halibut. In the EGSL, juvenile condition was higher in winter and spring compared to summer and fall. Such variations may result from this species’ pelagic predation activity and prey availability. Juveniles captured in the EGSL during 2016–2017 were larger but had a lower condition index than those captured in the northwest Atlantic, but we found no indication of earlier sexual maturation in the EGSL that could explain the sex ratio differences we observed in catches from these two areas.
Long‐term survival of a dog diagnosed with a primary multicentric hepatic plasma cell tumour treated with surgery and chemotherapy
Authors: Pierini Alessio , Binanti Diana , Marchetti Veronica , Speca Matteo , Pisani Guido 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA 7‐year‐old, intact, female Jack Russell terrier was presented for evaluation of a mammary nodule. Abdominal ultrasonography for initial staging revealed a 1 cm hypoechoic nodule within the left lateral hepatic lobe (LLHL), which was histologically determined to be a plasma cell tumour (PCT). Computed tomography revealed an additional 5 mm nodule in the right medial hepatic lobe (RMHL). Exploratory celiotomy showed that the PCT in the LLHL adhered to the gastric wall. Partial liver lobectomy and partial gastrectomy were carried out to remove the PCT in the LLHL. Marginal excision was done to remove the RMHL nodule, which was determined to be a PCT. The dog was treated with prednisone and melphalan for 6 months and remained in complete clinical remission for 37 months. Surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy were successful in maintaining long‐term remission in this patient. This is the first report of primary multicentric hepatic PCT in a dog.
Nerve stimulator‐guided sciatic nerve block in a cockerel (Gallus gallus domesticus) for a bone marrow biopsy
Authors: Dmitrović Petra , Dupont Julien , Marlier Didier , Monchaux Marie , Sandersen Charlotte 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA cockerel (Gallus gallus domesticus) was presented for lameness investigation. A CT scan of the left leg and a bone marrow biopsy were planned. Both procedures were performed under general anaesthesia and, before the biopsy was performed, a sciatic nerve block was achieved with levobupivacaine 0.5% (0.75 mg/kg), aided by an electrical nerve locator. The nerve was located through a lateral approach, with a motor response to stimulation similar to that described in mammals. The efficacy of the block was assessed as satisfactory during the procedure. Postoperatively, the pain was subjectively assessed, but no pain scales were employed, as none are validated for birds. No iatrogenic complications occurred; therefore, this nerve block could be considered as a part of a multimodal approach to perioperative pain management.
Introduction: Private Wealth and Public Debt
Authors: von Weizsäcker Carl Christian , Krämer Hagen M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn the economic area comprising the OECD countries plus China, almost half of private wealth consists of net public debt. Private wealth is nearly twice the size of private real assets. Due to the continuing rise in life expectancy, the share of public debt in private wealth is growing. As long as public debt does not become too great, real interest rates can be low, but positive in the twenty-first century. The main reason for this is private retirement planning in light of high life expectancy. Investment cannot keep up with increasing private saving. In the twenty-first century, public debt is a macroeconomic steering instrument. Fiscal policy uses it to ensure that a positive, but low real interest rate level continues to prevail.
A New Era of International Economic Policy
Authors: von Weizsäcker Carl Christian , Krämer Hagen M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe distinguish between a “Friedman world” and a “Keynes world,” the latter being characterized by the zero lower bound problem. With the natural rate of interest tending to fall over time, the Keynes world is becoming the norm. In the Keynes world, voters defend their interests as producers more than their interests as consumers. This strengthens protectionism at the ballot box. We are less and less able to rely on the USA to serve as the engine of the global economy via its high current account deficits. In addition to the WTO rules, an international fiscal order is needed to rescuefree trade: 1. At low real interest rates, countries with current account surpluses undertake to eliminate them by increasing government net borrowing. 2. At high real interest rates, countries with current account deficits undertake to eliminate them by cutting fiscal expenditure or raising taxes.
The Natural Rate of Interest and the Optimal Rate of Interest in the Steady State
Authors: von Weizsäcker Carl Christian , Krämer Hagen M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe “natural rate of interest” is the hypothetical, risk-free real rate of interest that would obtain in a closed economy, if net public debt were zero. It is considerably less than the optimal steady-state rate of interest, which is equal to the system’s growth rate. This holds for a very general “meta-model.” The fundamental equation of capital theory holds on the optimal steady-state path:T = Z − D, whereTis the overall economic period of production,Zis the representative private “waiting period” of consumers andDis the public debt ratio. Prosperity is at least 30% lower at the natural rate of interest than at the optimal rate.
Real Capital
Authors: von Weizsäcker Carl Christian , Krämer Hagen M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPreshaped by the influence of Marx, Böhm-Bawerk and modern neoclassical economics, the general opinion is that the marginal product of capital must always be positive. With the help of the “period of production” T, we define a coefficient of intertemporal substitutionψ that is always non-negative. It can also be used when the real interest rate is negative. With the help of the concept of the “waiting period” Z, we can also define an always non-negative coefficient of intertemporal substitutionγ for the household side. The “loss formula” for deviations of the rate of interest from the growth rate is one application of ψ and γ. Ω = (ψT2 + γZ2)(r − g)2/2 provides a good approximation of the relative loss Ω. Overcomplexity of the system of production leads to negative marginal returns on capital. It can be empirically presumed that the OECD plus China region is on the cusp of overcomplexity. The hypothetical natural rate of interest in the eurozone is well into the minuses. To determine the value of the real capital of the private sector in the OECD plus China region, we use a framework of data taken from the World Inequality Database (WID.world). We have supplemented the data available there with data from other sources and adapted it to our theoretical objectives. According to our estimates, private wealth in the form of real capital in the OECD plus China region comes to approximately four times total annual consumption.
Predictive Manufacturing: Enabling Technologies, Frameworks and Applications
Authors: Pulikottil Terrin , Estrada-Jimenez Luis Alberto , Nikghadam-Hojjati Sanaz , Barata Jose 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe impact of globalization and the recent advancements in Information and Communication Technologies has pushed the manufacturing sector towards a new transformation. Current manufacturers with the help of recent advances in Cloud Computing, Artificial Intelligence, and Internet of Things are moving towards a new intelligent system called Predictive Manufacturing Systems (PMS). These systems can be used in a wide array of applications, including proactive maintenance, improved quality control and higher performance. This paper provides an overview of the current trends in Predictive Manufacturing Systems in recent years. The paper discusses the developed frameworks, enabling technologies and various applications of Predictive Manufacturing Systems.