bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dacryoscintigraphy in Children
Authors: Heyman Sydney , Katowitz James A , Smoger Barry 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Dacryoscintigraphy was performed in 34 pediatric patients aged between 13 months and 20 years. Twenty-six were 12 years of age or younger. The study is easy to perform and provides useful information regarding the function of the nasolacrimal system. The radiation dose to the lens of the eye, estimated to be 4-14m rads/100 uCi of technetium pertechnetate, is considerably less than that of a skull x-ray or dacryocystography. Of the 74 nasolacrimal systems studied, the findings were in agreement with the clinical observations and other methods of testing in 63. In nine instances, the findings altered the clinical management while the results were inconclusive or misleading in the remaining two. Dacryoscintigraphy was found to be a useful physiological test in the evaluation of children with epiphora.
Pars Plana Lensectomy and Vitrectomy by Ultrasonic Fragmentation: Part III - Results in Eyes Without Other Ocular Pathology or an Implant
Authors: Girard Louis J , Monasterio Remberto , Rodriguez Jorge , Mailman Mary L , Romano Tami Jo 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The records of 320 eyes without other ocular pathology undergoing pars plana lensectomy and vitrectomy by ultrasonic fragmentation for routine cataract extraction without an implant were reviewed retrospectively. Three hundred two (302/320-94.4%) had vision between 20/20-20/40. Reasons for vision less than 20/40 in 18/320 (5.6%) eyes included 5/320 (1.5%) with retinal detachments, 11/320 (3.4%) with clinically apparent cystoid maculopathy, 1/320 (0.3%) with a macular hole, and 1/320 (0.3%) with retained lens material.
Comparison was made between 184 lensectomies performed by the original technique and 136 pars plana lensectomies performed by the modified technique. Vision between 20/20-20/40 was achieved by 168/184 (91.3%) of the original technique group versus 134/136 (98.5%) of the modified technique group. In the latter group, there was one retinal detachment (0.7%), one macular hole (0.7%) and no clinical cystoid maculopathy. Fluorescein angiography performed three months postoperatively in eyes having vision of 20/20-20/40 of the modified lensectomy group showed cystoid maculopathy in one eye which had undergone trauma-induced wound dehiscence.
A Combined Facial, Orbital and Intracranial Resection of Extensive Basal Cell Carcinoma Arising in the Eyelid
Authors: Hornblass Albert , Roen Janet L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We report a single stage en bloc surgical excision and repair of extensive recurrent basal cell carcinoma arising in the eyelids. It combines the advantages of an en Woe dissection, direct visual evaluation of intracranial extension and immediate reconstruction. A team of surgeons, ophthalmic plastic, neurologic, and plastic, employed both an anterior facial and intracranial approach to excise the tumor.
Nontraumatic Ghost Cell Glaucoma - A Case Report
Authors: Mansour Ahmad M , Chess Jeremy , Starita Richard 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Ghost cell glaucoma (GCG) has recently been described following vitrectomy, cataract extraction, and penetrating or blunt trauma. We describe the occurrence of GCG in a phakic eye with no prior ocular trauma or surgery following vitreous hemorrhage from diabetic retinopathy. We postulate the occurrence of a spontaneous rupture of the anterior hyaloid face which allowed passage of ghost cells into the anterior chamber. A therapeutic vitrectomy was complicated by intraoperative vitreous hemorrhage. Two weeks postvitrectomy, GCG recurred and was successfully controlled by irrigation through an anterior chamber approach. This is the procedure of choice in GCG following vitrectomy and may eliminate the need for a second vitrectomy.
Toxicity of Intravitreal Interferon
Authors: Vegh Sara , Peyman Gholam A , Vernot Jackie , Fiscella Richard 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We evaluated the toxicity of injecting human fibreblast Interferon intravitreally in rabbit eyes. A single intravitreal injection of 166,660 units/0.1 ml was nontoxic to ocular structures, as demonstrated by electroretinographic and histologie examination.
Posterior Chamber Pseudophakes in Glaucoma Patients
Authors: McMahan Lynn B , Monica Monica L , Zimmerman Thom J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
In the past, glaucoma has been considered a relative contraindication to the use of an intraocular lens (IOL) in a patient undergoing cataract extraction. In this study, we examined postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) control for three months postoperatively in 46 eyes with glaucoma undergoing cataract extraction with implantation of a posterior chamber IOL. Twenty-six eyes or 56.5% could be classified as having improved IOP control three months postoperatively. At the same time, 19 eyes or 41.3% demonstrated the same IOP control after lens implantation. Thus, 45 of the total of 46 eyes had as good or better postoperative IOP control. Of the 46 eyes, 100% required preoperative glaucoma medication, while postoperatively only 41% required medication.
Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Conjunctiva: Report of a Case in a 36-Year-Old With Paranasal Sinus Invasion
Authors: Margo Curtis E , Weitzenkorn Dan E 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a rare, highly invasive tumor of the conjunctiva that occurs in elderly persons. Although clinically indistinguishable from squamous cell carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma is more likely to recur following excision and to invade the eye. The following case report describes a 36-year-old man with mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the right caruncle that invaded orbit, paranasal sinuses, and nasal cavity. The patient is the youngest person known to have had this tumor, and represents the first reported case in which mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the conjunctiva has extended beyond the orbit. This case emphasizes the importance of prompt and adequate primary treatment.
Finger in His Eye
Authors: O'Keefe Michael , Levick Paul 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A 21-year-old soldier sustained a schrapnel blast injury during an accident with a mortar fuse. Surgical repair included the use of one of his reconstructed metacarpal bones to repair the orbital floor. The remainder of the orbital floor was repaired using maxillary bone. It proved an excellent method of repairing this patients orbital floor.
Transfer from Ophthalmology to Another Service is a Marker of High Risk Medical Events
Authors: Wu Wilson C S , Schachat Andrew P 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Of 3632 consecutive admissions to the Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute between July 1, 1987 and June 30, 1989, 27 patients required transfer to a medical or surgical service (0.74%). The major reasons for transfer included acute or decompensated cardiac disease (26%), poorly controlled diabetes mellitus (19%), acute renal failure (11%), coagulopathy, stroke, and hypertension (7% each). Only one transfer was a direct result of an anesthesia complication. The highest rates of transfers were associated with orbital (4.3%), enucleation/evisceration (3.1%), and glaucoma (2.3%) surgeries, while vitreoretinal surgery had the lowest rate of transfer (0.3%). Most of the transfers of patients with orbital disease were for management of related problems such as sinusitis or increased intracranial pressure.
Results of Treatment of Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous
Authors: Pollard Zane F 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The records of 48 patients with persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV) were reviewed. Approximately 17% had vision of 20/100 or better after surgery, contact lens fitting, and amblyopia therapy. Only eyes with a purely anterior presentation had successful visual outcomes. Lensectomy alone prevented glaucoma, but a membranectomy as well was required to ensure a successful visual result. Eyes with a posterior PHPV had poor visual results because of posterior pole abnormalities. I recommend that an attempt be made to visually salvage eyes with an anterior presentation. Eyes with a posterior or a combination anterior-posterior PHPV can be successfully treated for glaucoma, but the visual results will be poor.
Long-Term Comparison of Novafil and Nylon in Corneoscleral Sections
Authors: McClellan Kathleen A , Billson Frank A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
To compare the long-term degradation of Novafil (polybutester, American Cyanamid Company) and nylon suture material, we examined corneoscleral sections of nine rabbits 23 months after the placement of sutures. Only two nylon sutures remained, one in each wound of two rabbits; all the Novafil sutures were still present. However, examination of the Novafil sutures with scanning electron microscopy revealed signs of disintegration.
The Use of Releasable Sutures in Molteno Glaucoma Implant Procedures to Reduce Postoperative Hypotony
Authors: El-Sayyad F , El-Maghraby A , Helal M , Amayem A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We used releasable sutures to minimize immediate postoperative hypotony and flat anterior chamber in 19 cases of refractory glaucoma requiring insertion of a single-plate Molteno implant in a one-stage procedure. A slip knot using 7-0 nylon suture was fashioned around the Molteno tube under a lamellar scleral flap. In 18 of the 19 eyes, anterior chamber depth was normal immediately after surgery.
Adrenal Suppression and Growth Retardation After Injection of Periocular Capillary Hemangioma With Corticosteroids
Authors: Glatt Herbert J , Putterman Allen M , Van Aalst John J , Levine Mark R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Adrenal suppression and/or growth retardation were noted in two patients after injection of periocular capillary hemangiomas with corticosteroids. Parents should be warned of these two potential complications of intralesional corticosteroid therapy. Baseline and posttreatment adrenal function should be monitored. If iatrogenic adrenal suppression occurs, supplemental systemic corticosteroids may be necessary in situations involving systemic stress such as infection or surgery.
Tears of the Retinal Pigment Epithelium: Occurrence in Association With Choroidal Effusion
Authors: Serels Scott R , Liebmann Jeffrey M , Ritch Robert , Milch Florence , Eisenberg William 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Two patients developed large tears of the retinal pigment epithelium associated with choroidal effusion. One tear occurred after combined cataract/ filtration surgery complicated by postoperative choroidal detachment; the second developed in a patient with idiopathic uveal effusion syndrome. Weakness of the junctions of the pigment epithelial cells secondary to the accumulation of fluid in the subretinal or suprachoroidal space may result in tearing of the retinal pigment epithelium as it is stretched.
Crescentic Resection for the Treatment of Pellucid Corneal Marginal Degeneration
Authors: Durán Juan A , Rodriguez-Ares M Teresa , Torres Diego 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The left eye of a patient with bilateral pellucid marginal corneal degeneration was treated by crescentic resection of the affected part. The treatment, while it has not been monitored over the long term, appears to have many advantages over penetrating keratoplasty.
Goniotomy Technique for Removal of Anterior Chamber Intraocular Lenses
Authors: Caldwell Delmar R , Miller Douglas G 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Removal off an anterior chamber intraocular lens is often impeded by formation of peripheral anterior synechiae around one or more off the lens haptics. We describe a method off lysing adhesions under direct visualization through a contact gonioprism lens. This method is relatively atraumatic to vital anteriorchamber-angle structures.
Phacoemulsification Combined With Pars Plana Vitrectomy
Authors: Mamalis Nick , Teske Michael P , Kreisler Kenneth R , Zimmerman Paul L , Crandall Alan S , Olson Randall J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Phacoemulsification combined with pars plana vitrectomy was performed on seven patients with both cataracts and vitreoretinal disease. Six of the seven had a posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC-IOL) placed in the capsular bag following cataract extraction. Visual acuities ranging from light perception to hand movement preoperatively, postoperatively ranged from hand movement to 20/25. There were no perioperative complications. During an average follow-up of more than 6 months, neovascular glaucoma developed in one patient, and a conjunctival cyst in another. The PC-IOLs were well tolerated.
The small limbal incision used in phacoemulsification allows better control during the vitrectomy procedure and ensures a water-tight wound. In addition, with the limbal approach, the posterior lens capsule is maintained, with ail the attendant advantages.
Subconjunctival Anesthesia: An Alternative to Retrobulbar and Peribulbar Techniques
Authors: Petersen Walter C , Yanoff Myron 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We present a method of anesthesia for intraocular surgery of the anterior segment of the eye that avoids the risks of the potential complications associated with retrobulbar and peribulbar anesthesia. The method consists of topical anesthesia plus 0.5 cc of lidocaine (with hyaluronidase and epinephrine) injected beneath the superior conjunctiva. We have demonstrated the safety and effectiveness of this technique in 431 consecutive cases.
A Prospective Evaluation of Anterior Retinal Cryoablation in Neovascular Glaucoma
Authors: Sihota R , Sandramouli S , Sood N N 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We report a prospective evaluation of the effect of anterior retinal cryopexy on 62 eyes with neovascular glaucoma. Pain was relieved and anterior chamber inflammatory reaction regressed dramatically in 95%. Iris neovascularization was reduced or regressed in 93.5%. Control of intraocular pressure was clinically significant in 82.3% 1 year after the procedure, especially in patients with pretreatment pressures less than 40 mm Hg on maximal medical therapy. Anterior retinal cryopexy is recommended in eyes with media opacities and as a preliminary procedure for filtering surgery in eyes with neovascular glaucoma.
A New Contact Neodymium:YAG Laser for Cyclophotocoagulation
Authors: Iwach Andrew G , Drake Michael V , Hoskins H Dunbar , Schuster Bradley L , Vassiliadis Arthur , Crawford J Brooks , Hennings David R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A newly developed compact (40 kg), self-contained contact Neodymium:YAG laser produces high-peak, high-energy (800 mJ/pulse), short (1.0 millisecond) pulses with 1 to 3 pulses/exposure. Energy is delivered via a 320- µm cleaved quartz fiber optic probe. Cyclophotocoagulation was performed in five eyes of three medium-sized Dutch-pigmented rabbits. The eyes received exposures of 1 to 3 pulses/exposure. Energy delivered ranged from 100 to 800 mJ/pulse. Histopathology revealed ciliary body disruption and hemorrhage with no damage to overlying sclera. When used for transscleral cyclodiathermy in the rabbit, the laser created significant ciliary body disruption with minimal scleral injury.
Multilevel Full-Thickness Eyelid Resection for the Correction of Severe Acquired Ptosis in the Poorly Functioning Eyelid
Authors: Karesh James W 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Six eyelids (4 patients) with severe myogenic (4 eyelids), neurogenic (1 eyelid), or mechanical (1 eyelid) ptosis underwent surgical correction with a multilevel full-thickness resection of eyelid tissue combined with a plication of the levator aponeurosisMüller's muscle complex. All eyelids had poor levator function, fair to poor orbicularis function, and a poor Bell's phenomenon. In all cases, the upper eyelids were elevated to an acceptable functional level without exposure keratopathy. This resection procedure preserves orbicularis function while allowing correction of severely ptotic eyelids with poor levator function, providing an acceptable alternative to other techniques for correcting this problem.
The Use of 5-Fluorouracil in Patients Following Combined Trabeculectomy and Cataract Extraction
Authors: Hennis Hugh L , Stewart William C 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We studied the effect of postoperative administration of subconjunctival 5-fluorouracil in maintaining postoperative filtration following combined trabeculectomy and extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber lens implantation. Three months postoperatively, the mean intraocular pressure in 15 patients who had received 5-fluorouracil was 13.1 ± 3.2 mm Hg; in 17 control patients, it was 13.0 ± 3.0 mm Hg (P > .05). The mean number of postoperative medicines in the study patients was 0.7; in the control patients, 0.8 (P > .05). Bleb appearance and improvement in visual acuity were similar in the two groups. This study does not support the routine use of 5-fluorouracil in patients who have undergone combined trabeculectomy and extracapsular cataract extraction.
The Management of Sclerosing Nonspecific Orbital Inflammation
Authors: Kennerdell John S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Five cases representing varied presentation and treatment of the sclerosing type of nonspecific orbital inflammation are presented. Rapid identification and vigorous, individualized treatment are recommended: for local lesions, removal; for diffuse lesions, debulking, and/or steroid treatment, followed by radiation therapy.
Anterior Segment Complications in Diabetic Patients Following Extracapsular Cataract Extraction and Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Implantation
Authors: Krupsky S a , Zalish M a , Oliver M a , Pollack A a 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Recovery of the anterior segment following extracapsular cataract extraction and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation in 112 diabetic eyes was compared to that in 108 eyes of nondiabetic patients who underwent a similar procedure. The incidence of postoperative anterior segment complications was significantly higher in the diabetic than in the nondiabetic patients. The main complications were pigment dispersion, appearance of fibrin, development of posterior synechiae, and - rarely, and only in diabetic patients - pupillary block and transient iridai vascular congestion. The fibrin resolved following increased administration of steroids by means of eye drops and subconjunctival injections, with or without the addition of systemic steroids. Women were found to be at greater risk for development of posterior synechiae (P < .025). Accumulation of fibrin was seen more often in women and in patients with preexisting diabetic retinopathy than in other patients, although the difference was not significant.
Vitreoretinal Surgery Performed Through a 60-Diopter Lens
Authors: Malbran Enrique S , Lombardi Atilio , Malbran Enrique 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
For vitreoretinal surgery, we recommend using a 60-diopter lens for indirect ophthalmoscopy through the operating microscope without internal illumination. This device has undergone extensive clinical testing since 1986 with excellent results.
Intraoperative Mitomycin-C Versus Postoperative Topical Mitomycin-C Drops for the Treatment of Pterygium
Authors: Helal Magdi , Messiha Nabil , Amayem Ashraf , El-Maghraby Akef , Elsherif Zakaria , Dabees Mostafa 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of two different regimens of mitomycin-C (MMC) application as adjunctive chemotherapy in the treatment of pterygia.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred fifty-six patients underwent pterygium excision using the bare sclera technique. They were randomly assigned to have either 0.1 mg/ml of MMC applied to the bare sclera for 3 minutes intraoperatively, or 0.05-mg/ml drops applied topically for 2 weeks postoperatively. The mean follow-up period was 11 months (range 7 to 17).
* RESULTS: Complications with the intraoperative MMC included 5 cases of recurrence (5.75%), 2 cases of superficial punctate keratitis (SPK), and 3 cases of delayed conjunctival wound healing. Topical MMC led to 6 cases of recurrence (6.9%), 5 cases of SPK, 4 cases of delayed conjunctival wound healing, and 2 cases of mild iritis.
* CONCLUSION: A single, intraoperative application of MMC is a simple, effective alternative adjunctive treatment for pterygium.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1996;27:674-678.]
Lacrimal Bone Thickness at the Lacrimal Sac Fossa
Authors: Hartikainen Jouko , Aho Heikki J , Seppä Heikki , Grenman Reidar 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Because laser dacryocystorhinostomy techniques have become more popular during the past few years, interest has grown concerning the anatomic structures that need to be penetrated in these procedures. The authors therefore studied the thickness and the histologic type of the lacrimal bone at the lacrimal sac fossa.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: The thickness of 69 lacrimal bones at the lacrimal sac fossa from 48 patients was measured.
* RESULTS: The mean thickness was 106 pm. In 67% of the patients the mean thickness of individual lacrimal bone was less than 100 µm and in 4% it was more than 300 µm. The thinnest measured cross section of the lacrimal bone sample was 11 pm and the thickest was 722 µm. The lacrimal bone was composed of a thin plate of lamellar bone.
* CONCLUSION: In most cases the lacrimal bone at the lacrimal sac fossa is so thin that it can be easily penetrated with most surgical instruments.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1996;27:679-684.]
Sub-Tenon's Versus Retrobulbar Anesthesia for Cataract Surgery
Authors: Khoo Boo-Kian , Lim Tock-Han , Yong Victor 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: A prospective, randomized, double-blind study was conducted to compare sub-Tenon's anesthesia with retrobulbar anesthesia.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred six patients undergoing cataract extraction received either sub-Tenon's anesthesia (55 patients) or retrobulbar anesthesia (51 patients). The number of injections required, time until adequate akinesia was achieved, degree of pain experienced, and complications of the anesthetic injection were compared. The depth of the akinesia after sub-Tenon's injection was graded.
* RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the two study groups with respect to time of onset of adequate akinesia, the need for a second top-up injection, and the effectiveness of the akinesia. The sub-Tenon's injection group reported less pain during the anesthetic injection, as well as during the postoperative injection of subconjunctival gentamicin.
* CONCLUSION: Sub-Tenon's anesthesia is a safe technique that is comparable to retrobulbar anesthesia.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1996;27:773-777.]
Use of Perfluorocarbon Liquid in the Repair of Retinoschisis Retinal Detachments
Authors: Lomeo Mark D , Diaz-Rohena Roberto , Lambert H Michael 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To determine the effectiveness of perfluorocarbon liquid in the repair of retinoschisis-associated retinal detachments.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Four patients with either degenerative or juvenile X-linked retinoschisis had rhegmatogenous retinal detachments that were repaired with the use of perfluorocarbon liquid during vitrectomy. The patients' ages ranged from 17 to 78 years and the postoperative follow-up was at least 6 months.
* RESULTS: All of the patients had complete anatomic repair of the retinoschisis-associated retinal detachments. The postoperative visual acuity was 20/200 or better in all of the patients and 20/40 or better in half of the patients.
* CONCLUSIONS: The use of perfluorocarbon liquid is an effective adjunct in the management of rhegmatogenous retinal detachments associated with degenerative and juvenile X-linked retinoschisis.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1996;27:778-781.]