bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of diagnostic accuracy of biomarkers to assess lung consolidation in calves with induced bacterial pneumonia using receiver operating characteristic curves
Authors: Martin Miriam , Kleinhenz Michael D , Montgomery Shawnee R , Blasi Dale A , Almes Kelli M , Baysinger Angela  K , Coetzee Johann F 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the most economically significant disease for cattle producers in the U.S. Cattle with advanced lung lesions at harvest have reduced average daily gain, yield grades, and carcass quality outcomes. The identification of biomarkers and clinical signs that accurately predict lung lesions could benefit livestock producers in determining a BRD prognosis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves are graphical plots that illustrate the diagnostic ability of a biomarker or clinical sign. Previously we used the area under the ROC curve (AUC) to identify cortisol, hair cortisol, and infrared thermography imaging as having acceptable (AUC &gt; 0.7) diagnostic accuracy for detecting pain in cattle. Herein, we used ROC curves to assess the sensitivity and specificity of biomarkers and clinical signs associated with lung lesions after experimentally induced BRD. We hypothesized pain biomarkers and clinical signs assessed at specific time points after induction of BRD could be used to predict lung consolidation at necropsy. Lung consolidation of &gt; 10% was retrospectively assigned at necropsy as a true positive indicator of BRD. Calves with a score of &lt; 10% were considered negative for BRD. The biomarkers and clinical signs analyzed were serum cortisol; infrared thermography (IRT); mechanical nociceptive threshold (MNT); substance P; kinematic gait analysis; a visual analog scale (VAS); clinical illness score (CIS); computerized lung score (CLS); average activity levels; prostaglandin E2 metabolite (PGEM); serum amyloid A; and rectal temperature. A total of 5,122 biomarkers and clinical signs were collected from 26 calves, of which 18 were inoculated with M. haemolytica. All statistics were performed using JMP Pro 14.0. Results comparing calves with significant lung lesions to those without yielded the best diagnostic accuracy (AUC &gt; 0.75) for right front stride length at 0 h; gait velocity at 32 h; VAS, CIS, average activity and rumination levels, step count, and rectal temperature, all at 48 h; PGEM at 72 h; gait distance at 120 h; cortisol at 168 h; and IRT, right front force and serum amyloid A, all at 192 h. These results show ROC analysis can be a useful indicator of the predictive value of pain biomarkers and clinical signs in cattle with induced bacterial pneumonia. AUC values for VAS score, average activity levels, step count, and rectal temperature seemed to yield good diagnostic accuracy (AUC &gt; 0.75) at multiple time points, while MNT values, substance P concentrations, and CLS did not (all AUC values &lt; 0.75).
Partial Ribosomal Nontranscribed Spacer Sequences DistinguishRhagoletis zephyria(Diptera: Tephritidae) From the Apple Maggot,R. pomonella
Authors: Smith J J , Brzezinski P , Dziedziula J , Rosenthal E , Klaus M 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe apple maggot, Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh), was introduced into the apple-growing regions of the Pacific Northwest in the U.S.A. during the past 60–100 yr. Apple maggot (larvae, puparia, and adults) is difficult to distinguish from its morphologically similar sister species, Rhagoletis zephyria Snow, which is native and abundant in the Pacific Northwest. While morphological identifications are common practice, a simple, inexpensive assay based on genetic differences would be very useful when morphological traits are unclear. Here we report nucleotide substitution and insertion–deletion mutations in the nontranscribed spacer (NTS) of the ribosomal RNA gene cistron of R. pomonella and R. zephyria that appear to be diagnostic for these two fly species. Insertion–deletion variation is substantial and results in a 49 base-pair difference in PCR amplicon size between R. zephyria and R. pomonella that can be scored using agarose gel electrophoresis. PCR amplification and DNA sequencing of 766 bp of the NTS region from 38 R. pomonella individuals and 35 R. zephyria individuals from across their geographic ranges led to the expected PCR fragments of approx. 840 bp and 790 bp, respectively, as did amplification and sequencing of a smaller set of 26 R. pomonella and 16 R. zephyria flies from a sympatric site in Washington State. Conversely, 633 bp mitochondrial COI barcode sequences from this set of flies were polyphyletic with respect to R. pomonella and R. zephyria. Thus, differences in NTS PCR products on agarose gels potentially provide a simple way to distinguish between R. pomonella and R. zephyria.
Distal partial gastrectomy for gastric tube cancer with intraoperative blood flow evaluation using indocyanine green fluorescence
Authors: Sakai Ayano , Okumura Tomoyuki , Miwa Takeshi , Watanabe Toru , Numata Yoshihisa , Araki Misato , Ito Ayaka , Kanaya Emi , Sakurai Taro , Fukazawa Mina , Hoshino Yui , Tohmatsu Yuuko , Tokai Ryutaro , Baba Hayato , Hirano Katsuhisa , Igarashi Takamichi , Hashimoto Isaya , Shibuya Kazuto , Hojo Shozo , Matsui Koshi , Yoshioka Isaku , Fujii Tsutomu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
With recent advances in the treatment of esophageal cancer and long-term survival after esophagectomy, the number of gastric tube cancer (GTC) has been increasing. Total gastric tube resection with lymph node dissection is considered to be a radical treatment, but it causes high post-operative morbidity and mortality. We report an elderly patient with co-morbidities who developed pyloric obstruction due to GTC after esophagectomy with retrosternal reconstruction. The patient was treated using distal partial gastric tube resection (PGTR) and Roux-en-Y reconstruction with preservation of the right gastroepiploic artery and right gastric artery. Intraoperative blood flow visualization using indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence demonstrated an irregular demarcation line at the distal side of the preserved gastric tube, indicating a safe surgical margin to completely remove the ischemic area. PGTR with intraoperative ICG evaluation of blood supply in the preserved gastric tube is a safe and less-invasive surgical option in patients with poor physiological condition.
Couvelaire uterus resulting in haemoperitoneum
Authors: Lee Yi Jia , Calvert Katrina , Jape Kedar 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
First described by Dr Alexandre Couvelaire in 1911, a Couvelaire uterus is a rare complication of severe placental abruption (PA), which is diagnosed by the direct visualization of the uterus. There has been only one case report thus far that reported of an intraperitoneal bleed due to PA resulting in a poor outcome. We present a rare and serious case of Couvelaire uterus resulting in haemoperitoneum with a good outcome (live healthy infant, uterus preservation and total blood loss of 800 ml) in a primigravida with no prior risk factors and low-risk pregnancy other than a complete placenta praevia diagnosed during anatomy scan, which subsequently was reported as clear of cervix in third trimester ultrasound scan. She was diagnosed with placenta abruption and pre-eclampsia post-partum. Most cases of PA cannot be predicted or prevented. However, in some cases, close monitoring and timely decision-making can prevent adverse maternal and foetal outcomes.
Cosmic age problem in holographic and ghost dark energy models
Authors: Zarandi H R M , Ebrahimi E 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
In this paper, we study the cosmic age problem in holographic (HDE) and generalized ghost dark energy (GGDE) models. To this end, we consider these two models in presence of non-linear interaction terms for three special cases, presented in the literature. We explain the impacts of the mentioned interaction terms on the cosmic age during the evolution of the Universe. There are many old cosmic objects (OCOs) which their evaluated age is not consistent with that of dark energy models. Here, we confine our attention on five cases of more known OCOs at different redshift. The purpose is to constrain the DE models, using the age of these OCOs. We obtain boundary values for free parameters of the HDE (b2 and c) using the age test and find that, such non-linear interactions can alleviate the age problem in spite of the linear one. The GGDE was already constrained using a joint analysis of data sets SHBC. We find a new bound for ξ that wasn’t predicted via SHBC analysis. Beside, we find that the GGDE can completely alleviate the cosmic age problem.
Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy With PRESIONA, a Therapeutic Exercise and Blood Flow Restriction Program: A Randomized Controlled Study Protocol
Authors: Lopez-Garzon Maria , Cantarero-Villanueva Irene , Legerén-Alvarez Marta , Gallart-Aragón Tania , Postigo-Martin Paula , González-Santos Ángela , Lozano-Lozano Mario , Martín-Martín Lydia , Ortiz-Comino Lucía , Castro-Martín Eduardo , Ariza-García Angélica , Fernández-Lao Carolina , Arroyo-Morales Manuel , Galiano-Castillo Noelia 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Objective
This trial will analyze the acute and cumulative effects of a tailored program called PRESIONA that combines therapeutic exercise and blood flow restriction to prevent chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) in individuals with early breast cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Methods
PRESIONA will be a physical therapist–led multimodal exercise program that uses blood flow restriction during low-load aerobic and strength exercises. For the acute study, only 1 session will be performed 1 day before the first taxane cycle, in which 72 women will be assessed before intervention and 24 hours post intervention. For the cumulative study, PRESIONA will consist of 24 to 36 sessions for 12 weeks following an undulatory prescription. At least 80 women will be randomized to the experimental group or control group. Feasibility will be quantified based on the participant recruitment to acceptance ratio; dropout, retention, and adherence rates; participant satisfaction; tolerance; and program security. In the efficacy study, the main outcomes will be CIPN symptoms assessed with a participant-reported questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-CIPN20). In addition, to determine the impact on other participant-reported health and sensorimotor and physical outcomes, the proportion of completed scheduled chemotherapy sessions will be examined at baseline (t0), after anthracycline completion (t1), after intervention (t2), and at the 2-month (t3) and 1-year follow-ups (t4).

Conclusion
The proposed innovative approach of this study could have a far-reaching impact on therapeutic options, and the physical therapist role could be essential in the oncology unit to improve quality of life in individuals with cancer and reduce side effects of cancer and its treatments.

Impact
Physical therapists in the health care system could be essential to achieve the planned doses of chemotherapy to improve survival and decrease the side effects of individuals with breast cancer. The prevention of CIPN would have an impact on the quality of life in these individuals, and this protocol potentially could provide an action guide that could be implemented in any health care system.
Integrating pore architectures to evaluate vascularization efficacy in silicate-based bioceramic scaffolds
Authors: Wu Fanghui , Yang Jun , Ke Xiurong , Ye Shuo , Bao Zhaonan , Yang Xianyan , Zhong Cheng , Shen Miaoda , Xu Sanzhong , Zhang Lei , Gou Zhongru , Yang Guojing 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Pore architecture in bioceramic scaffolds plays an important role in facilitating vascularization efficiency during bone repair or orbital reconstruction. Many investigations have explored this relationship but lack integrating pore architectural features in a scaffold, hindering optimization of architectural parameters (geometry, size and curvature) to improve vascularization and consequently clinical outcomes. To address this challenge, we have developed an integrating design strategy to fabricate different pore architectures (cube, gyroid and hexagon) with different pore dimensions (∼350, 500 and 650 μm) in the silicate-based bioceramic scaffolds via digital light processing technique. The sintered scaffolds maintained high-fidelity pore architectures similar to the printing model. The hexagon- and gyroid-pore scaffolds exhibited the highest and lowest compressive strength (from 15 to 55 MPa), respectively, but the cube-pore scaffolds showed appreciable elastic modulus. Moreover, the gyroid-pore architecture contributed on a faster ion dissolution and mass decay in vitro. It is interesting that both μCT and histological analyses indicate vascularization efficiency was challenged even in the 650-μm pore region of hexagon-pore scaffolds within 2 weeks in rabbit models, but the gyroid-pore constructs indicated appreciable blood vessel networks even in the 350-μm pore region at 2 weeks and high-density blood vessels were uniformly invaded in the 500- and 650-μm pore at 4 weeks. Angiogenesis was facilitated in the cube-pore scaffolds in comparison with the hexagon-pore ones within 4 weeks. These studies demonstrate that the continuous pore wall curvature feature in gyroid-pore architecture is an important implication for biodegradation, vascular cell migration and vessel ingrowth in porous bioceramic scaffolds.
The Genetic Association Identified Between Intervertebral Disc Degeneration and Associated Risk Factors Based on a Systems Biology Approach
Authors: Xiang Hao , Yan Fang , Liu Haihong 
Published: December 2021

Study Design.
Genetic cross-over study of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) and its associated risk factors.

Objective.
The purpose is to identify molecular biomarkers that may be involved in the IDD process and to provide effective recommendations in combination with drug analysis via systems biology methods.

Summary of Background Data.
The pathogenesis and genetic links of IDD are still unclear. Related research is mainly based on a single data set or gene, and the impact of related risk factors on IDD is often ignored.

Methods.
Identifying disease-associated biomarkers and therapeutic targets through a systems biology approach that Integrative network-based gene and multi-omics analysis. In this study, the differential expression of genes was analyzed through NCBI datasets, followed by enrichment analysis. The central protein was identified through the establishment of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Key genes were screened out by VENN diagram and reasonable suggestions were put forward based on gene-chemical drug analysis.

Results.
The IDD database analysis revealed 669 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) which were 22, 26, 168, 5, 38, 36, and 16 common DEGs with AG, SM, DEP, NAD, CED, OB, and HFD, respectively. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis may reveal the pathway by which these DEGs were involved. PPI network identified 10 central proteins including CCNB1, RETN, HMMR, BUB1, MPO, OIP5, HP, KIF11, BUB1B, and CDC25A. Three key genes BUB1, BUB1B, and CCNB1 were screened out and their expression might be related to the pathogenesis of IDD. According to the three chemical Dexamethasone, Nicotine, and Resvera-trol obtained from the analysis of genes-chemical drugs, reasonable treatment suggestions were put forward.

Conclusion.
Genetic association between IDD and risk factors in the general population was revealed by association network. Important gene-related molecular pathways and chemical drugs closely related to IDD have been found. Further study can provide guidance for the treatment and prognosis of IDD.

Level of Evidence: N/A
Which objective emergency department parameters leads to expedited intervention in patients with acute urinary tract calculi
Authors: Kranz Zachary , Peifer Greggory , Rohloff Matthew , Maatman Thomas , Shockley Kenneth 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Objectives:
To retrospectively determine which objective measurements had an increased likelihood of requiring immediate surgical intervention in patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with acute ureteral calculi.

Materials and methods:
Employing our institution's electronic medical record system, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of 4366 patients who presented to the ED with an acute ureteral calculus over an 8-year period. Data consisting of relevant demographic information, vital signs, laboratory parameters, and interventional history was obtained and analyzed.

Results:
This study consisted of 4366 patients presenting to the ED with acute ureteral calculi, of whom 312 (7%) required a procedure prior to being discharged. Of these 312 patients, 290 (6.6%) underwent cystoscopy with ureteral stent placement and 22 (0.5%) were sent to interventional radiology for percutaneous nephrostomy tube placement. Patients who tested positive for nitrites in their urine had a relative risk of 3.48 of receiving intervention when compared to the nitrite negative group.

Conclusions:
Through this retrospective cohort study, we were able to find what objective measurements were associated with an increased need for immediate surgical intervention in patients who presented to the ED with acute ureteral calculi. With this data, urologists can be better equipped to identify the patients that present in the emergency setting that will require urgent intervention.
PIGMENTATION IN FOCAL SCLERAL NODULE
Authors: Go Christopher , Mok Adrian , Fung Adrian T. 
Published: December 2021

Purpose:
To report a case of pigmentation in focal scleral nodule (FSN).

Methods:
This is a single case report.

Result:
An asymptomatic 61-year-old woman was referred with small, partially pigmented raised lesion located at the superior margin of the optic nerve head. The lesion's clinical and multimodal imaging features were consistent for FSN including a dome-shaped elevation confined to the sclera with overlying choroidal thinning. However, the pigmentation within our lesion is a novel finding in FSN that has not been described before.

Conclusion:
To our knowledge, we report the first case of pigmentation in FSN. It is likely that our case was a typical FSN that then became pigmented, with melanosomes involving the flanges of the lesion where thin choroid remains. The understanding that FSN can be partially pigmented may eventually help unravel the origins of this poorly understood lesion.
VENOUS OVERLOAD CHOROIDOPATHY ASSOCIATED WITH IDIOPATHIC INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Rana Vipin , Gupta Vishali , Spaide Richard F. , Sukhija Jaspreet , Singh Simar R. , Agrawal Rupesh , Takkar Aastha , Lal Vivek 
Published: December 2021

Purpose:
To report a case of venous overload choroidopathy associated with idiopathic intracranial hypertension in a 41-year-old man.

Methods:
History and clinical examination, fluorescein angiography, ultra-widefield indocyanine green angiography, swept-source optical coherence tomography, and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.

Results:
The patient was diagnosed as having idiopathic intracranial hypertension 2 years ago, was being managed on oral acetazolamide, and retained 20/20 visual acuity in both eyes until now when he presented with a complaint of visual loss in the right eye. Ophthalmoscopy revealed serous detachment in the fovea of the right eye. Swept-source optical coherence tomography showed the presence of subretinal fluid and detachments of the retinal pigment epithelium in both eyes. Fundus fluorescein angiography showed multiple dot leaks at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium in both eyes. Indocyanine green angiography revealed vortex vein anastomoses and choroidal vascular hyperpermeability in both eyes. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging revealed dilated optic nerve sheath diameter and a partial empty sella and magnetic resonance venography showed bilateral stenosis of the transverse sinus.

Conclusion:
Transverse sinus stenosis is a common finding in “idiopathic” intracranial hypertension and contributes to the intracranial pressure through intracranial venous hypertension. Increased venous back pressure seemed to have overloaded the choroid resulting in choroidal vascular congestion and hyperpermeability, leaks from the level of the retinal pigment epithelium, and accumulation of subretinal fluid.
The Effect of Lighting and Photograph Exposure on Perceived Attractiveness
Authors: Roelofs Kelsey A. , Esfandiari Mahtash , Diniz Stefania B. , Cohen Liza M. , Baugh Samuel , Karlin Justin N. , Goldberg Robert A. , Rootman and Daniel B. 
Published: December 2021

Purpose:
To assess the effect of various lighting conditions and photograph exposures on perceived attractiveness.

Methods:
In the first experiment, 5 variably exposed photographs were taken of 10 subjects using a consistent lighting condition (45° superior box light). In the second experiment, 10 subjects were photographed under variable lighting conditions with consistent exposure: 1) 90° overhead box light, 2) ring light, 3) 45° superior box light, 4) built-in camera flash, 5) 2 straight on box lights, each 45° from midline, and 6) natural light. Participants were instructed to maintain a neutral expression, were placed in front of a standardized blue-gray background, and were photographed during a single session. Photographs were imported into an online survey platform (Qualtrics 2020) and displayed in random order. Volunteer survey respondents were instructed to rate the subject’s attractiveness on a scale of 0 to 10. Between the two experiments, a total of 22,000 scored photographs were included in the analysis. Mixed ANOVA and pairwise comparisons with Bonferroni correction were used to compare between- and within-subject ratings.

Results:
Lighting condition had a significant impact on perceived attractiveness (p < 0.001), with the 90° overhead box light achieving lower scores and the 45° superior box light yielding greater scores of attractiveness relative to the other conditions. Photograph exposure did not have a significant impact on subjective attractiveness (p = 1.000).

Conclusions:
Our findings suggest that perceived attractiveness is enhanced when a 45° superior box light is used for illumination, and attractiveness is reduced when 90° overhead exposure is utilized. Exposure did not play a prominent role in perceived attractiveness.