bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
VIOLÊNCIAS REAIS E SIMBÓLICAS NOS CONFLITOS AGRÁRIOS BRASILEIROS E A ATUAÇÃO ESTATAL/ Real and Symbolic Violence in Brazilian Agrarian Conflicts and State Action/ Violencia real y simbólica en conflictos agrarios brasileños y acción estatal
Authors: Carvalho Ana Maria de , Siqueira José Do Carmo Alves 
Published: March 2021

Em busca da compreensão da relação de causalidade entre as violências simbólica e real, aplicadas aos conflitos agrários, foi feita uma análise crítica, utilizando-se o método dialético-argumentativo, para explicar como se pode melhorar a eficácia das políticas públicas de apoio ao cumprimento dos direitos constitucionais da população rural ou ainda urbana, especialmente a que tem interesse na reforma agrária e, organizada em movimentos sociais do campo, faz a luta pela terra. As modalidades de violências sofridas pela população com interesse na reforma agrária são estudadas com o objetivo de identificar que a violência simbólica, segundo Bourdieu, atua como instrumento de manutenção do poder, porquanto a ratificação do status quo, é, per si, uma prática, demasiadamente violenta, porque legitima e naturaliza relações de opressão como se, de fato, legítimas fossem. Como citar este artigo:CARVALHO, Ana Maria de; SIQUEIRA, José do Carmo Alves. Violências reais e simbólicas nos conflitos agrários brasileiros e a atuação estatal. Revista NERA, v. 23, n. 55, p. 111-137 set.-dez., 2020.
EDUCAÇÃO PARA “LAVRAR A LIBERDADE”: TRABALHO, SINDICALISMO RURAL E EDUCAÇÃO POPULAR EM AFUÁ-PA/ Education to “work out freedom”: work, rural unionism and popular education in Afuá-PA (1989-1994)/ Éducation pour «travailler la liberté»: travail, syndicalisme rural et éducation populaire à Afuá-PA (1989-1994)
Authors: Pereira Higor , Lobato Sidney 
Published: March 2021

Este artigo tem por temática a relação entre educação do campo e movimentos sociais. Este tema foi aqui estudado a partir da experiência construída por trabalhadores e trabalhadoras rurais do município de Afuá, estado do Pará, entre 1989 e 1994. Dessa experiência buscamos entender de que formas a educação articulou-se com as lutas políticas do nascente sindicalismo rural afuaense. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa objetivou compreender as conexões entre as práticas pedagógicas utilizadas na formação das escolas comunitárias e as lutas encampadas pelo Sindicato dos Trabalhadores Rurais de Afuá, com apoio da Comissão Pastoral da Terra (CPT). Para alcançar tal objetivo, analisamos documentos guardados no Arquivo da CPT Amapá, tais como: cartilhas, materiais didáticos, periódicos, fotografias e outros. Os resultados apontaram para uma intrínseca relação entre o projeto educacional popular fomentado por esta pastoral e as pautas do sindicato local relativas à luta pela terra e ao rompimento com o sistema de exploração dos trabalhadores pelos proprietários rurais, conhecidos como “patrões”. Além disso, percebemos que o projeto educacional aqui estudado transcendeu os limites de suas pretensões mais imediatas, tornando-se elemento fundamental para a quebra de paradigmas da visão de mundo dos ribeirinhos afuaenses. Como citar este artigo: PEREIRA, Higor; LOBATO, Sidney. Educação para “lavrar a liberdade”: trabalho, sindicalismo rural e educação popular em Afuá-PA (1989-1994). Revista NERA, v. 23, n. 55, p. 322-342, set.-dez., 2020.
GEOGRAFÍAS DE MUERTE VERSUS TEJIDOS TERRITORIALES DE VIDA: OTROS MODOS DE ELABORACIÓN POLÍTICA (MÉXICO) / Geografias da morte versus tecidos territoriais da vida: outros modos de elaboração política (México) /Geographies of death versus territorial tissues of life: other modes of political elaboration (Mexico)
Authors: Gutiérrez Luna Diana Itzu 
Published: March 2021

Presentamos una reflexión crítica partiendo de la crisis global sistémica y la devastadora realidad de matanzas en México. Develando aquellas formas de gobierno despótico que suman al entramado sistémico para generar sociedades y “mundos de muerte” frente a iniciativas creativas de “otros mundos posibles”. Aproximándonos a identificar la tensión entre geografías de muerte y geo-grafías por la vida. Las primeras, refieren principalmente al insaciable proceso de acumulación capitalista a través del despojo neo-colonial en tanto guerra de exterminio hacia “mundo de vida indígenas”, el recurrente asesinato de mujeres, así como el aniquilamiento hacia la Madre Tierra. Las segundas son formas de territorialidad donde emergen y se filtran tejidos de vida para defender y construir otras realidades comunitarias y autónomas. Retomamos el proceso del Congreso Nacional Indígena (CNI), sus alcances y/o limitaciones con la iniciativa del Concejo Indígena de Gobierno (CIG). Presentamos como hipótesis la construcción de territorialidades pospatriarcales, donde la lucha por la vida se manifiesta en la no guerra, la construcción y defensa de las autonomías. El método general trenza “una mirada”, algunas advertencias y sus correspondientes interpelaciones para aproximarnos a otros modos de elaboración política desde las grafías del lenguaje de la Tierra. Como citar este artigo:LUNA, Diana Itzu Gutiérrez. Geografías de muerte versus tejidos territoriales de vida: otros modos de elaboración política (México). Revista NERA, v. 23, n. 54, p. 35-58, dossiê, 2020.
Indicadores de oferta y diversidad cultural: alternativas para la caracterización de ecosistemas culturales y creativos en entornos urbanos
Authors: Cruz de Sousa Rafael Henrique 
Published: March 2021

El análisis de la disponibilidad de espacios y el consumo de bienes y servicios culturales por medio de indicadores cuantitativos representa una oportunidad metodológica en cuanto a la identificación de desigualdades, dinámicas y circuitos cuando son interpretados a la luz de realidades socioeconómicas de un recorte territorial.
El presente estudio se basa en el framework de Stirling (1998) que propone (1) revisar áreas de la literatura económica donde existe un interés por la diversidad; (2) discutir interdisciplinariamente el concepto de diversidad y; (3) analizar la diversidad económica utilizando indicadores de variedad, balance, disparidad y diversidad.
Con enfoque en el campo de la cultura y considerando como recorte los entornos urbanos, se propone, además, una lectura cualitativa bajo la perspectiva de ecosistema cultural (Boisbaudry, 2014) que comprende las dinámicas de producción, circulación y uso de las actividades y servicios culturales como un sistema, donde las partes no están aisladas en contextos compartimentados, sino en constante interacción con las demás. Una dinámica de complementariedad, donde las partes no se organizan en una lógica vertical, sino horizontal: comparten un mismo territorio y se les otorga el mismo nivel de importancia en la totalidad del tejido cultural, donde cada parte es necesaria para la otra.
Adaptación de asignaturas bajo enfoques bimodales. El caso de la Universidad Nacional de Quilmes
Authors: Di Stefano Ariel Gustavo 
Published: March 2021

El siguiente trabajo hace hincapié en la propuesta de aplicación de modelos de dictado de clases más “flexible” para asignaturas pertenecientes a las Carreras de modalidad presencial de la Universidad Nacional de Quilmes.
Si bien el dictado de las asignaturas en la modalidad presencial es satisfactorio, con la inclusión de dispositivos tecnológicos en su dictado, puede demostrarse que las materias son adaptables a una modalidad de dictado que contenga a la vez, clases, medios y recursos de la modalidad Virtual.
Previamente, se realiza un recorrido por los ejes que se creen centrales para el desarrollo de esta alternativa al modelo tradicional de educar, modelo que se denomina bimodal. Aunque ya es un término de uso frecuente, las diversas definiciones provistas por distintos autores tienen sus particularidades. Sin embargo, todos coinciden en que es un tipo de aprendizaje mezclado, mixto, más flexible, y que integra mejor los recursos tanto de la modalidad presencial como los de la virtual, para ser aplicados en un solo modelo.
En síntesis, este trabajo intenta ser un aporte constructivo para una mejora en la aplicación de los recursos tecnológicos con que se cuentan en la universidad, para el desarrollo posterior de materias teórico – prácticas.
Los nanoconstructos biohíbridos con direccionamiento celular específico para futuras aplicaciones en diagnóstico in vivo y tratamiento del cáncer
Authors: Achilli Estefanía , Grasselli Mariano , Flores Constanza 
Published: March 2021

En los últimos años, distintos enfoques basados en la Nanotecnología comenzaron a tener relevancia en la búsqueda de nuevas estrategias para el diagnóstico y terapia de distintas enfermedades, entre ellas el cáncer. En este contexto, las nanopartículas de oro (AuNPs) son los nanomateriales inorgánicos más atractivos desde el punto de vista de salud humana. Su superficie puede ser modificada fácilmente para su utilización in vivo, mediante el agregado de señales de direccionamiento a células específicas o recubrimientos biocompatibles, para formar nanoconstructos multifuncionales.
En este artículo, se propone el recubrimiento de las AuNPs con una multicapa de Albúmina, para formar nanoconstructos biohíbridos (bioHNPs), donde las proteínas más superficiales conservan la conformación nativa. Este recubrimiento, estabilizado mediante entrecruzamiento radio-inducido, dota a las NPs de una “identidad biológica” que facilita su interacción con los medios biológicos. Además, se revisan el Efecto Corona y la importancia de la realización de estudios experimentales en condiciones que simulen las que ocurren in vivo. Finalmente, se definen los factores estructurales necesarios para el diseño de nanoconstructos con aplicaciones en Nanomedicina, que permitan minimizar el Efecto Corona y maximizar la interacción con las células específicas y con el entorno.
Craft is Political
Authors: Wood D 
Published: March 2021

Throughout the 21st century, various craft practices have drawn the attention of academics and the general public in the West. In Craft is Political, D Wood has gathered a collection of essays to argue that this attention is a direct response to and critique of the particular economic, social and technological contexts in which we live.
Just as Ruskin and Morris viewed craft and its ethos in the 1800s as a kind of political opposition to the Industrial Revolution, Wood and her authors contend that current craft activities are politically saturated when perspectives from the Global South, Indigenous ideology and even Western government policy are examined. Craft is Political argues that a holistic perspective on craft, in light of colonialism, post-colonialism, critical race theory and globalisation, is overdue.
A great diversity of case studies is included, from craft and design in Turkey and craft markets in New Zealand to Indigenous practitioners in Taiwan and Finnish craft education. Craft is Political brings together authors from a variety of disciplines and nations to consider politicised craft.
Duran Duran's Rio
Authors: Zaleski Annie 
Published: March 2021

In the '80s, the Birmingham, England, quintet Duran Duran became the poster boys for new wave, a synth-heavy genre that dominated the decade's music and culture. No album represented this rip-it-up-and-start-again movement better than the band's breakthrough 1982 LP, Rio. A cohesive album with a retro-futuristic sound—influences include danceable disco, tangy funk, Bowie-caliber synth-pop and swaggering glam—the full-length sold millions and spawned smashes such as "Hungry Like the Wolf" and the title track.
However, Rio wasn't a success everywhere at first; in fact, the LP had to be buffed-up with remixes and reissued before it found an audience in America. The album was further buoyed by colorful music videos, which established Duran Duran as leaders of an MTV-driven second British Invasion, and the group's cutting-edge visual aesthetic. Via extensive new interviews with band members and other figures who helped Rio succeed, this book explores how and why Rio became a landmark pop-rock album, and examines how the LP was both a musical inspiration—and a reflection of a musical, cultural, and technology zeitgeist.
Type 2 Diabetes control and Complications and it Relation to the Serum Magnesium Level
Authors: Alswat Khaled 
Published: March 2021

IntroductionType 2 Diabetes (T2D) is a growing health problem nationally and worldwide. Magnesium (Mg) is an important mineral for a wide range of metabolic reactions. Here, our primary goal was to determine the prevalence of hypomagnesemia and its relationship to glycemic control, cardiovascular markers, and T2D-related complications.Material and methodsA cross-sectional study from September 2015 to March 2017 including patients with T2D who attended the Diabetes Center, Taif, Saudi Arabia. Those with known hypomagnesemia, type 1 diabetes, gestational diabetes, end-stage renal disease, and those on magnesium supplementations were excluded. Those with a serum magnesium level < 0.7 mmol/L were considered to have hypomagnesemia.ResultsA total of 285 patients with a mean age of 59.4 ± 12.7 years were enrolled. The majority of patients were female, with long-standing T2D, with a mean body mass index in the obesity category, and most of them had comorbid conditions. Twenty-eight percent of the screened T2D patients had hypomagnesemia and this group were more likely to have a bachelor degree (P = 0.034), to be on metformin, statin, and Glargine insulin (all P < 0.05), have worse glycemic control (P < 0.05), and a higher pulse rate (P = 0.039), but were less likely to be on diet control (P = 0.034) when compared to those with a normal Mg level.ConclusionsAlmost one-third of the screened T2D patients have hypomagnesemia. Hypomagnesemia was associated with the treatment modalities, worse glycemic control, and with peripheral artery disease.
Favourable effects of whey protein upon acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rat model
Authors: TUNC Nurettin , SAHİN abdurahman , DEMİREL Ulvi , ARTAS Gokhan , SAHİN Kazım , BAHCECİOGLU İbrahim , YALNİZ Mehmet 
Published: March 2021

IntroductionIn the context of the present study, we have aimed to examine the effects of the administration of whey protein through rectal enema to a acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats on the pathways of nuclear-related factor-2 (Nrf-2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), active protein kinase-1 (AP-1), tumour necrotising factor-alpha (TNF-α), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), IL-6, IL-10.Material and methods28 rats were employed for the trial. Ulcerative colitis was induced through the use of acetic acid. The therapeutic doses of whey protein were administered rectally. Ulcerative colitis was made subject to histopathological examination and protein levels in colon tissue measured with the Western Blot Method.ResultsThe significant increases observed in the levels of AP-1, COX-2, IL-6, IL-10, NF-κβ, and TNF-α as markers of inflammation following the development of ulcerative colitis enjoyed remarkable decreases along with the administration of whey protein (p<0.05). On the other hand, we identified a decrease in the Nrf2-ARE signal pathway and HO-1 protein assuming protective roles on the colon inflammatory response along with the development of ulcerative colitis and an activation of the Nrf2-HO-1 pathway by the whey protein.ConclusionsWhey protein modulates Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-kB pathways, thereby creating a therapeutic effect against colonic inflammation induced by acetic acid (AA) by reason of its anti-inflammatory implications.
“Pulmonary dysfunction in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy may appear earlier than we thought – analysis using novel methodology based on z-scores."
Authors: Wasilewska Eliza , Małgorzewicz Sylwia , Meyer-Szary Jarosław , Sledzinska Karolina , Niedoszytko Marek , Jassem Ewa , Wierzba Jolanta 
Published: March 2021

IntroductionRespiratory status is one of the main factors affecting the length of survival in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) – the most common, severe, progressive muscular dystrophy.The aim: (1) to assess pulmonary function in DMD patients using the z-score method and (2) to identify factors affecting it, irrespective of the disease progress.Material and methodsWe evaluated 55 boys (aged 5 – 18 years) with DMD. The spirometry was performed with: forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF) analysis as absolute values (in litres or litres/min), % predicted value (%pv) and z-scores [z]. The need of ventilation support, ambulatory status, steroid therapy were collected.Results25(45%) subjects were non-ambulatory, 38(69%) used steroid therapy. Mean FVC[z] -2.4±2.2, FEV1[z] -2.0±1.9, PEF[z] -1.5±1.3 value significantly decrease with age (r=-0.62/-0.65/-0.55; p<0.001 respectively), after reaching the peak values between 9-12 or 6-9 years of age depending on analysis method (absolute, %pv or z-score). The results fell below normal range (z-score<-1.64) at the age of 9.8/10.4/11.6 years and below 80%pv at 10.7/13.2/13.2 for FVC/FEV1/PEF, respectively. The pulmonary function test results were significantly lower in non-ambulant (p<0.001) and non-steroid patients (p<0.02).ConclusionsAnalysis of pulmonary function test based on z-score shows that deterioration of pulmonary function in DMD males may appear earlier than we thought measured by %pv and absolute values. Early loss of ambulation, lack of or delayed steroid therapy are risk factors for worse pulmonary outcomes. To confirm these findings cohort longitudinal studies are necessary.
Is preoperative calcium and vitamin D supplementation effective in prevention of postoperative hypocalcaemia in thyroidectomised patients?
Authors: Grzegory Anna , Pomorski Lech , Pagacz Konrad , Sieniawski Karol , Kaczka Krzysztof 
Published: March 2021

IntroductionHypocalcaemia remains the most common postoperative complication after total thyroidectomy.
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of routine preoperative oral calcium and vitamin D supplementation in the prevention of hypocalcaemia after total thyroidectomy.Material and methodsOne hundred fifty-three consecutive patients with nontoxic multinodular goitre were randomly assigned to routinely receive (group B) or not to receive (group A) calcium carbonate (3 g/d) and alfacalcidol (1 µg/d) on the day before surgery and calcium carbonate (1 g/d) and alfacalcidol (1 µg/d) taken once in the morning on the day of operation.
Their preoperative 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) levels, hypocalcemic symptoms, serum calcium and parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels were determined 6 and 24 hour postoperatively and 6 weeks after surgery.ResultsSymptomatic hypocalcaemia was observed in 41/153(26.79%) patients. The incidence of symptomatic hypocalcaemia was significantly lower in the supplemented group than in the group not receiving supplementation: 10 of 77 participants (12.99%) versus 31 of 76 patients (40.79%) (p<0.05).
The rates of laboratory and severe hypocalcaemia (corrected calcium <2.0 mmol/l) were 67.11% and 28.95% in group A and 50.65% and 9.09% in group B, respectively (p=0.04, p<0.05).
There were no significant differences between groups A and B in corrected calcium levels after surgery and postoperative decreases in corrected calcium levels (p=0.06). 112(73.20%) participants had 25-OHD<20 ng/ml. Vitamin D levels did not influence corrected calcium level changes (p=0.98).ConclusionsOral supplementation of calcium and alfacalcidol may help in the prevention of postthyroidectomy hypocalcaemia. Vitamin D deficiency was widespread among operated patients.
Hypoxia in the microenvironment promotes glycolysis to aggravate tumor progression via modulating the lincRNA-p21 and its downstream genes in HCC
Authors: Li Shujie , Yang Dingyi , Wu Furong , Zhou Wei , Xie Yue , Wang Ying 
Published: March 2021

IntroductionLincRNA-p21 was found to inhibit hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and liver fibrosis via a signaling cascade of lincRNA-p21-miR-181b-PTEN. Hypoxia was also previously proved to regulate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) glycolysis by targeting HK2.Material and methodsLuciferase assay was carried out to examine the regulatory role of miR-181b in lincRNA-p21 and HK2 expression. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to measure the expression of lincRNA-p21, miR-181b and HK2 mRNA. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze the expression of HK2 protein.ResultsThe expression of lincRNA-p21 and HK2 was effectively suppressed by miR-181b in Hep3B and HepG2 cells. Besides, the luciferase activities of wild type lincRNA-p21 and HK2 were remarkably suppressed by miR-181b in Hep3B and HepG2 cells. Activation and suppression of lincRNA-p21 expression using pcDNA and shRNA revealed a negative correlation between miR-181b and lincRNA-p21 expression as well as a positive correlation between HK2 and lincRNA-p21 expression. Moreover, lincRNA-p21 shRNA could effectively reverse the effect of hypoxia-induced dysregulation in miR-181b and HK2 expression, as well as the altered levels of glucose consumption and lactate production in Hep3B and HepG2 cells. Furthermore, lincRNA-p21 was capable of altering the growth and miR-181b/HK2 expression of HepG2 xenograft tumors in nude mice.ConclusionsOur study investigated the molecular relationship between lincRNA-p21, miR-181b and HK2 in cellular and animal models, and validated that hypoxia could up-regulate the expression level of lincRNA-p21 in the microenvironment of solid hepatocellular carcinoma tumor, which accordingly led to aggravated glycolysis via elevated HK2 expression, thus inhibiting the apoptosis of HCC.
Comparison of Different Stenting Techniques of Coronary Bifurcation Lesions: A Network Meta-Analysis of 7601 Patients
Authors: Barrett Orit , Hadad Lital , Abu Dogosh Ala , Didier Romain , Garcia-Garcia Hector , Abramowitz Yigal , Cafri Carlos , Rosenstein Gabriel , Merkin Miri , El Nasasra Aref , Koifman Edward , Zahger Doron 
Published: March 2021

IntroductionIntervention on coronary bifurcations lesions (CBL) is challenging. While provisional side branch (PS) stenting is the recommended method in most cases, there is no consensus on the preferred 2-stent technique.Material and methodsWe performed a network meta-analysis including randomized controlled trials (RCT) and observational studies comparing stenting techniques in CBL with reported clinical outcomes. A mixed treatment comparison model generation was performed to compare culotte, T and protrusion (TAP), crush and provisional techniques.ResultsWe included 14 RCT and 14 observational studies comprising 7,601 patients among whom 2,516 were treated with PS, 792 with TAP, 1,493 with culotte and 2,808 with crush. A Bayesian network meta-analysis showed a significant rate reduction of major adverse cardiovascular events (OR=0.73; 95%CI 0.52-0.99) and a trend for reduction in lesion revascularization (OR=0.72; 95%CI 0.48-1.11) and myocardial infarction (OR=0.62; 95%CI 0.3-1.08) with the crush technique, mainly driven by the double kissing (DK) crush, compared with all other stenting techniques. Other clinical outcomes, including mortality and stent thrombosis (ST) did not differ significantly between methods.ConclusionsThe crush technique, and especially DKcrush, is associated with improved outcomes compared to culotte, T and protrusion (TAP) and provisional techniques for CBL treatment. Further research is required to determine the optimal stenting technique for CBL.