bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flood Risk Management in Malaysia: The current hindrances for flood related agencies
Authors: Mabahwi Nurul Ashikin , Nakamura Hitoshi , Bhattacharya Yasmin 
Published: January 2021

Flood risk management in Malaysia is a top-down government approach that requires shared responsibility in between government agencies. However, the issues and challenges faced by the relevant agencies is a neglected area of research. This paper aimed to identify the real issues and challenges of flood-related agencies in Malaysia. This paper used a qualitative approach to analyse the findings and found that limited authority, lack of enforcement power, lack of cooperation and collaborative risk-sharing, insufficient funding, lack of assets and manpower and communication issues are the issues faced by flood-related government agencies.
Keywords:: flood-related agencies; flood risk management; flood law and policy; Malaysia
eISSN 2398-4295 ©2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers (AMER); Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians / Africans / Arabians (ABRA); Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies (cE-Bs), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v5i19.190
Traditional Ecological Knowledge in Climate Change Adaptation: A review
Authors: Hosen Nadzirah , Nakamura Hitoshi 
Published: January 2021

Climate change puts indigenous people at greater risk than others. Nevertheless, because of their intimate knowledge of their land, indigenous peoples' traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) could be the answer to fighting climate change. This paper aims to explain the role that TEK plays in responding to climate change. Document analysis included grey literature as well as peer-reviewed literature and project websites linked to indigenous climate change adaptation knowledge. The findings show that TEK not only helps indigenous people cope with environmental and climate pressures, but also promotes socio-ecological system resilience.
Keywords: climate change adaptation; traditional knowledge; traditional ecological knowledge; resilience
eISSN 2398-4295 ©2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers (AMER); Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians / Africans / Arabians (ABRA); Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies (cE-Bs), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v5i19.194
Evaluating Apple Inc Mobility Trend Data Related to the COVID-19 Outbreak in Japan: Statistical Analysis
Authors: Kurita Junko , Sugishita Yoshiyuki , Sugawara Tamie , Ohkusa Yasushi 
Published: January 2021

Background
In Japan, as a countermeasure against the COVID-19 outbreak, both the national and local governments issued voluntary restrictions against going out from residences at the end of March 2020 in preference to the lockdowns instituted in European and North American countries. The effect of such measures can be studied with mobility data, such as data which is generated by counting the number of requests made to Apple Maps for directions in select countries/regions, sub-regions, and cities.

Objective
We investigate the associations of mobility data provided by Apple Inc and an estimate an an effective reproduction number R(t).

Methods
We regressed R(t) on a polynomial function of daily Apple data, estimated using the whole period, and analyzed subperiods delimited by March 10, 2020.

Results
In the estimation results, R(t) was 1.72 when voluntary restrictions against going out ceased and mobility reverted to a normal level. However, the critical level of reducing R(t) to <1 was obtained at 89.3% of normal mobility.

Conclusions
We demonstrated that Apple mobility data are useful for short-term prediction of R(t). The results indicate that the number of trips should decrease by 10% until herd immunity is achieved and that higher voluntary restrictions against going out might not be necessary for avoiding a re-emergence of the outbreak.
The US Public’s Perception of the Threat of COVID-19 During the Rapid Spread of the COVID-19 Outbreak: Cross-Sectional Survey Study
Authors: Xiu Xiaolei , Wang Anran , Qian Qing , Wu Sizhu 
Published: January 2021

Background
The rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States has made people uncertain about their perceptions of the threat of COVID-19 and COVID-19 response measures. To mount an effective response to this epidemic, it is necessary to understand the public's perceptions, behaviors, and attitudes.

Objective
We aimed to test the hypothesis that people’s perceptions of the threat of COVID-19 influence their attitudes and behaviors.

Methods
This study used an open dataset of web-based questionnaires about COVID-19. The questionnaires were provided by Nexoid United Kingdom. We selected the results of a questionnaire on COVID-19–related behaviors, attitudes, and perceptions among the US public. The questionnaire was conducted from March 29 to April 20, 2020. A total of 24,547 people who lived in the United States took part in the survey.

Results
In this study, the average self-assessed probability of contracting COVID-19 was 33.2%, and 49.9% (12,244/24,547) of the respondents thought that their chances of contracting COVID-19 were less than 30%. The self-assessed probability of contracting COVID-19 among women was 1.35 times that of males. A 5% increase in perceived infection risk was significantly associated with being 1.02 times (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.02-1.02; P<.001) more likely to report having close contact with >10 people, and being 1.01 times (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.01-1.01; P<.001) more likely to report that cohabitants disagreed with taking steps to reduce the risk of contracting COVID-19. However, there was no significant association between participants who lived with more than 5 cohabitants or less than 5 cohabitants (P=.85). Generally, participants who lived in states with 1001-10,000 COVID-19 cases, were aged 20-40 years, were obese, smoked, drank alcohol, never used drugs, and had no underlying medical conditions were more likely to be in close contact with >10 people. Most participants (21,017/24,547, 85.6%) agreed with washing their hands and maintaining social distancing, but only 20.2% (4958/24,547) of participants often wore masks. Additionally, male participants and participants aged <20 years typically disagreed with washing their hands, maintaining social distancing, and wearing masks.

Conclusions
This survey is the first attempt to describe the determinants of the US public’s perception of the threat of COVID-19 on a large scale. The self-assessed probability of contracting COVID-19 differed significantly based on the respondents’ genders, states of residence, ages, body mass indices, smoking habits, alcohol consumption habits, drug use habits, underlying medical conditions, environments, and behaviors. These findings can be used as references by public health policy makers and health care workers who want to identify populations that need to be educated on COVID-19 prevention and health.
Risk Factors and Leadership in a Digitalized Working World and Their Effects on Employees’ Stress and Resources: Web-Based Questionnaire Study
Authors: Bregenzer Anita , Jimenez Paulino 
Published: January 2021

Background
In today’s world of work, the digitalization of work and communication processes is increasing, and will increase even further. This increase in digitalization at the workplace brings many new aspects of working life to light, such as working in virtual teams, mobile working, expectations of being constantly available, and the need for support in adapting and learning new digital tools. These changes to the workplace can contain risks that might harm the well-being of employees. Leaders can support the well-being of their employees in terms of protecting and replenishing their work-related resources to cope with critical work demands. This so-called health-promoting leadership could serve as a buffer between risk at the workplace and critical outcomes, such as stress, by amplifying work-related resources.

Objective
This study’s aims were twofold. First, we wanted to investigate if risk factors related to higher digitalization at the workplace can be identified and if these risk factors have an impairing effect on the well-being of employees (eg, higher stress and lower resources). Second, we wanted to investigate if the health-impairing effects of these risk factors can be reduced by health-promoting leadership.

Methods
A total of 1412 employees from Austria, Germany, and Switzerland took part in this online study and provided information on their perceived risks at the workplace, their leaders’ health-promoting behaviors, and their work-related stress and resources.

Results
The results of a hierarchical regression analysis showed that all four risk factors of digital work (distributed team work, mobile work, constant availability, and inefficient technical support) were related to higher stress at the workplace. In addition, distributed team work and inefficient technical support were associated with lower work-related resources. A possible buffer effect of health-promoting leadership between these risks and employee well-being was visible for inefficient technical support. In particular, in the case of having fewer support opportunities in learning and using digital tools, leaders could weaken the potential critical effects on stress. As for the other risk factors, leaders might engage in a different leadership behavior to improve their employees’ well-being, as the physical distance between leaders and employees in virtual team work or mobile work could make health-promoting leadership more difficult.

Conclusions
In a digitalized working world, solutions are needed to create working conditions that benefit employees. The results of this study strongly support the importance of investigating risk factors associated with an increase in digitalization at the workplace in addition to traditional risk factors. As for leadership, leaders need to show leadership behavior adapted to a digitalized workplace in order to reduce employee stress and increase work-related resources.
Using Twitter to Understand the COVID-19 Experiences of People With Dementia: Infodemiology Study
Authors: Bacsu Juanita-Dawne , O'Connell Megan E , Cammer Allison , Azizi Mahsa , Grewal Karl , Poole Lisa , Green Shoshana , Sivananthan Saskia , Spiteri Raymond J 
Published: January 2021

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic is affecting people with dementia in numerous ways. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of research on the COVID-19 impact on people with dementia and their care partners.

Objective
Using Twitter, the purpose of this study is to understand the experiences of COVID-19 for people with dementia and their care partners.

Methods
We collected tweets on COVID-19 and dementia using the GetOldTweets application in Python from February 15 to September 7, 2020. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the tweets.

Results
From the 5063 tweets analyzed with line-by-line coding, we identified 4 main themes including (1) separation and loss; (2) COVID-19 confusion, despair, and abandonment; (3) stress and exhaustion exacerbation; and (4) unpaid sacrifices by formal care providers.

Conclusions
There is an imminent need for governments to rethink using a one-size-fits-all response to COVID-19 policy and use a collaborative approach to support people with dementia. Collaboration and more evidence-informed research are essential to reducing COVID-19 mortality and improving the quality of life for people with dementia and their care partners.
Associations between Deprivation, Geographic Location, and Access to Pediatric Kidney Care in the United Kingdom
Authors: Plumb Lucy A. , Sinha Manish D. , Casula Anna , Inward Carol D. , Marks Stephen D. , Caskey Fergus J. , Ben-Shlomo Yoav 
Published: January 2021

Background and objectives
Pre-emptive kidney transplantation is advocated as best practice for children with kidney failure who are transplant eligible; however, it is limited by late presentation. We aimed to determine whether socioeconomic deprivation and/or geographic location (distance to the center and rural/urban residence) are associated with late presentation, and to what degree these factors could explain differences in accessing pre-emptive transplantation.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
A cohort study using prospectively collected United Kingdom Renal Registry and National Health Service Blood and Transplant data from January 1, 1996 to December 31, 2016 was performed. We included children aged >3 months to ≤16 years at the start of KRT. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine associations between the above exposures and our outcomes: late presentation (defined as starting KRT within 90 days of first nephrology review) and pre-emptive transplantation, with a priori specified covariates.

Results
Analysis was performed on 2160 children (41% females), with a median age of 3.8 years (interquartile range, 0.2–9.9 years) at first nephrology review. Excluding missing data, 478 were late presenters (24%); 565 (26%) underwent pre-emptive transplantation, none of whom were late presenting. No association was seen between distance or socioeconomic deprivation with late presentation, in crude or adjusted analyses. Excluding late presenters, greater area affluence was associated with higher odds of pre-emptive transplantation, (odds ratio, 1.20 per quintile greater affluence; 95% confidence interval, 1.10 to 1.31), with children of South Asian (odds ratio, 0.52; 95% confidence interval, 0.36 to 0.76) or Black ethnicity (odds ratio, 0.31; 95% confidence interval, 0.12 to 0.80) less likely to receive one. A longer distance to the center was associated with pre-emptive transplantation on crude analyses; however, this relationship was attenuated (odds ratio, 1.02 per 10 km; 95% confidence interval, 0.99 to 1.05) in the multivariable model.

Conclusions
Socioeconomic deprivation or geographic location are not associated with late presentation in children in the United Kingdom. Geographic location was not independently associated with pre-emptive transplantation; however, children from more affluent areas were more likely to receive a pre-emptive transplant.
KAJIAN MEKANISME ANTAGONIS PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS P60 TERHADAP FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F.SP. LYCOPERSICI PADA TANAMAN TOMAT IN VIVO
Authors: Soesanto Loekas , Mugiastuti Endang , Rahayuniati Ruth Feti 
Published: January 2021

Antagonistic mechanisms study of Pseudomonas fluorescens P60 on Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici of tomato in vivo. This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of P. fluorescens P60 in controlling Fusarium wilt on tomato and its inhibition mechanisms. Randomized Block Design was used with four replicates and each consisted of 12 crops. The treatments tested were combination between supernatant or suspension of P. fluorescens P60 and application time, i.e., 5 days before planting, in the same time with planting, and 5 days after planting. Variables observed were phenolic compound (tannin, saponin, and glycoside), disease intensity, infection rate, late pathogen and antagonist population density, crop height, stem diameter, fresh and dry weight of roots, and fresh weight of fruit. The result showed that the application of P. fluorescens P60 either in supernatant or suspension form, could increase phenolic compound in the crop tissue, decrease the Fusarium wilt intensity on tomato as 66.00-77.88%, suppress infection rate as 73.18-79.09%, decrease late F. oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici density as 35.71%, increase the antagonist as 10 fold, increase crop height as 26.50%, improve root dry weight as 55.69%, and increase fruit weight crop-1 as 59.79%. Mechanisms of the antagonist P. fluorescens P60 in order to control the disease in the field were induced resistance, antibiosis, and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA POPULASI KUTU KEBUL (BEMISIA TABACI GENN.) DAN PENYAKIT KUNING PADA CABAI DI LAMPUNG BARAT
Authors: Sudiono Sudiono , Purnomo Purnomo 
Published: January 2021

Relationship between Bemisia tabaci Genn. and Yellow Diseases of Chilly in West Lampung. The objective of this research was to find out the relationship between population of Bemisia tabaci and yellow disease incidence of chilly that was conducted in West Lampung. The result showed that the population of B. tabaci affected the disease incidence. Higher population of B. tabaci was followed by high disease incidence. The result also showed that high population of B. tabaci was affected by the rainfall intensity.
THE CORELATIONS BETWEEN WHITE ROT (RIGIDOPORUS LIGNOSUS L.) INCIDENCE AND SOIL CHARACTERS OF RUBBER ECOSYSTEM IN PENUMANGAN BARU, LAMPUNG
Authors: Prasetyo Joko , Aeny Titik Nur , Suharjo Radix 
Published: January 2021

The corelations between White Rot (Rigidoporus lignosus L.) incidence and soil characters of rubber ecosystem in Penumangan Baru, Lampung. A study was conducted to evaluate the corelation between soil characters and white rot incidence. The study was done in Penumangan Lampung from June 2007 to July 2008. Seven sites were observed on the incidence of white rot of indicator plants (cassava). Physical, chemical, and biological soil characters were correlated and regressed with white rot incidence. The results showed that there were correlation between white rot incidence and soil characters such as pH KCl, number of fungal genus (fungal diversity), Ca+, total cation, CEC, and saturation base. Ion Ca+, total cation, saturation base correlated positively with white rot incidence, on the contrary, fungal diversity, cation exchange capacity, and pH KCl correlated negatively with white rot incidence. Thus, efforts to increase fungal diversity, cation exchange capacity, and pH (in acidic soil) could be used as basic strategies to develope intergrated control of white rot disease.
PERANAN TOKSIN YANG DIHASILKAN OLEH BOTRYODIPLODIA THEOBROMAE DALAM MENIMBULKAN PENYAKIT DIPLODIA PADA BEBERAPA JENIS JERUK
Authors: Salamiah Salamiah 
Published: January 2021

Role of toxin produced by Botryodiplodia theobromae causes Diplodia Bark Diseases on some citrus. The purpose of the research was to study the role of toxin produced by Botryodiplodia theobromae causes diplodia bark diseases on some citrus. Research was conducted from March through November 2007. The experiment was done at the laboratory and at a glass house of the Department of Plant Pests and Diseases of the Faculty of Agriculture and the laboratory of the Faculty of Science and Mathematics Lambung Mangkurat University in Banjarbaru. For a leaf-necrosis bioassay of crude toxin production, the surfaces of the leaves were scratched near the center with a needle, and culture filtrate samples (50 µl) were placed on each wounded site. Treated leaves were incubated in a moist chamber with light at 26oC for 4 days, and toxin activity was determined by induction of veinal necrosis on the seven susceptible cultivar of citrus. The results of the experiment showed that the B. theobromae pathogens produced the toxin. The crude toxin was bioassayed for leaf necrosis to determine their ability to produce toxin. Culture filtrates of the isolate were highly toxic only on five susceptible citrus leaves siam Banjar citrus, sweet orange, lime, kaffir lime, and sour lime, indicating that the B. theobromae can produced toxin. Pathogenicity and toxin production of B. theobromae did not differ among different cultivar. While, no necrotic symptom produces on the pummelo and sunkist. Toxin production of B. theobromae produced during spore germination.
KEMAMPUAN METAKOGNITIF SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN PERMASALAHAN PADA MATERI POLA BILANGAN DITINJAU DARI BRAIN DOMINANCE
Authors: Lusiana Restu , Murtafiah Wasilatul , Oktafian Firda 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan metakognitif siswa SMP dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan pada materi pola bilangan ditinjau dari brain dominance. Penentuan subjek berdasarkan brain dominance siswa kelas VIIIC SMP Negeri 13 Madiun. Berdasarkan angket brain dominance yang dibagikan diperoleh 4 subjek yang terdiri dari 2 subjek left brain dominance dan 2 subjek right brain dominance. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini berdasarkan hasil angket, tes, dan wawancara. Teknik keabsahan data dilakukan dengan triangulasi teknik. Analisis data dilakukan dengan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi data serta penarikan kesimpulan. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah (1) subjek left brain dominance memenuhi tiga aspek memenuhi tiga aspek kemampuan metakognitif yaitu mengembangkan perencanaan, memonitor pelaksanaan dan mengevaluasi tindakan dan dari ketiga aspek yang termunculkan siswa dengan left brain dominance memiliki tingkat kemampuan metakognitif reflective use. (2) subjek rightt brain dominance memenuhi tiga aspek memenuhi tiga aspek kemampuan metakognitif yaitu mengembangkan perencanaan, memonitor pelaksanaan dan mengevaluasi tindakan dan dari ketiga aspek yang termunculkan siswa dengan right brain dominance memiliki tingkat kemampuan metakognitif aware use dan strategic use Abstract This study aims to analyze the metacognitive abilities of junior high school students in solving problems in the number pattern material in terms of brain dominance. In determining subjects based on brain dominance of VIIIC grade students of SMP Negeri 13 Madiun. Based on the brain dominance questionnaire distributed obtained 4 subjects consisting of 2 subjects left brain dominance and 2 subjects right brain dominance. The type of research used is qualitative research. Data collection techniques in this study are based on the results of questionnaires, tests, and interviews. The data validity technique is done by triangulation techniques. Data analysis was performed by data reduction, data presentation, and data verification and conclusion drawing. The conclusions from the results of this study are (1) the left brain dominance subject fulfills three aspects of fulfilling three aspects of metacognitive abilities namely developing planning, monitoring implementation and evaluating actions and of the three aspects that arise students with left brain dominance have a level of reflective use metacognitive ability. (2) the rightt brain dominance subject fulfills three aspects of meeting three aspects of metacognitive abilities, namely developing planning, monitoring implementation and evaluating actions and of the three aspects that arise students with right brain dominance have a level of metacognitive abilities aware of use and strategic use