bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Telomerase-based GX301 cancer vaccine in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a randomized phase II trial
Authors: Filaci Gilberto , Fenoglio Daniela , Nolè Franco , Zanardi Elisa , Tomasello Laura , Aglietta Massimo , Del Conte Gianluca , Carles Joan , Morales-Barrera Rafael , Guglielmini Pamela , Scagliotti Giorgio , Signori Alessio , Parodi Alessia , Kalli Francesca , Astone Giuseppina , Ferrera Francesca , Altosole Tiziana , Lamperti Giuseppina , Criscuolo Domenico , Gianese Francesco , Boccardo Francesco 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDebate is around the optimal immunization regimen for cancer vaccines since too intense vaccination schedules may exhaust reactive lymphocytes. GX301 is a telomerase-based cancer vaccine whose safety and immunological effects were tested in a phase I trial applying an eight administrations schedule. Main objective of this study was to comparatively analyse safety and immunological response to three GX301 regimens in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients with response/disease stability after docetaxel chemotherapy. This was a multicentre, randomized, parallel-group, open-label trial registered with EudraCT (2014-000095-26) and ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02293707, 2014). Ninety-eight patients were randomized to receive either eight (regimen 1), four (regimen 2) or two (regimen 3) vaccine administrations. Sixty-three patients were assessable for the primary immunological end-point. Vaccine-specific immune responses were evaluated by intracellular staining for IFN, elispot and cytotoxic assay at 90 and 180 days from baseline. No major side effects were recorded. A 54% overall immune responder rate was observed with 95% of patients showing at least one vaccine-specific immune response. Rate of immunological responders and number of immunizations were proportionally related, suggesting superiority of regimens 1 and 2 over regimen 3. Overall survival did not differ among regimens in both immunological responders and non-responders and was inversely associated (P = 0.002) with increase in the number of circulating CD8 + T regulatory cells at 180 days. These data indicate that GX301 cancer vaccine is safe and immunogenic in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients. Schedules with high number of administrations should be preferred in future studies due to their better immunological outcome.
Patient Safety in the Operating Room During Urologic Surgery: The OR Black Box Experience
Authors: Rai A. , Beland L. , Aro T. , Jarrett M. , Kavoussi L. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPurposeTo mitigate intraoperative adverse events, it is important to understand the context in which these errors occur. The purpose of this study is to characterize the IAEs and potential distractions that occur in minimally invasive urologic procedures.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study in patients undergoing laparoscopic urologic surgery at an academic health center. The OR Black Box, a unique technology system which captures video and audio recordings of the operating room as well as the operative field, was used to collect data regarding procedure type, critical step, IAEs, and distractions.ResultsOf a total of 80 cases analyzed, the majority of these cases were partial nephrectomy (n = 36; 45%), radical nephrectomy (n = 20; 25%), and adrenalectomy (n = 4; 5%). Across all cases, there were a total of 138 clinically significant IAEs, 10 of which (14%) were of the highest severity (five on the SEVerity of intraoperative Events and Rectification Tool (SEVERE) matrix). Of these, 70 (51%) occurred during an a priori defined critical step of the operation. Distractions were common across all cases. The median rate of external communication per case was 16 events (IQR 11‐22); and per critical step was 4 (IQR 2.75‐8), while median room traffic per case was 65 entries/exits (IQR 42‐76); and per critical step was 17 (IQR 10‐65).ConclusionOur data demonstrate that IAEs occur frequently during all phases of the operation at hand. Future study will be required to examine the role of distractions and IAE as well as IAE and their relationship to post‐operative clinical outcomes.
Stability of a one-dimensional morphoelastic model for post-burn contraction
Authors: Egberts Ginger , Vermolen Fred , van Zuijlen Paul 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTo deal with permanent deformations and residual stresses, we consider a morphoelastic model for the scar formation as the result of wound healing after a skin trauma. Next to the mechanical components such as strain and displacements, the model accounts for biological constituents such as the concentration of signaling molecules, the cellular densities of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, and the density of collagen. Here we present stability constraints for the one-dimensional counterpart of this morphoelastic model, for both the continuous and (semi-) discrete problem. We show that the truncation error between these eigenvalues associated with the continuous and semi-discrete problem is of order $${{\mathcal {O}}}(h^2)$$

O
(

h
2

)

. Next we perform numerical validation to these constraints and provide a biological interpretation of the (in)stability. For the mechanical part of the model, the results show the components reach equilibria in a (non) monotonic way, depending on the value of the viscosity. The results show that the parameters of the chemical part of the model need to meet the stability constraint, depending on the decay rate of the signaling molecules, to avoid unrealistic results.
Fast and faithful scale-aware image filters
Authors: Yoshizawa Shin , Yokota Hideo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper proposes a fast and accurate computational framework for scale-aware image filters. Our framework is based on accurately approximating $$L^{1}$$

L
1

Gaussian convolution with respect to a transformed pixel domain representing geodesic distance on a guidance image manifold in order to recover salient edges in a manner faithful to scale-space theory while removing small image structures. Our framework possesses linear computational complexity with high approximation precision. We examined it numerically in terms of speed, accuracy, and quality compared with conventional methods.
Mapping of long-term cognitive and motor deficits in pediatric cerebellar brain tumor survivors into a cerebellar white matter atlas
Authors: Grosse Frederik , Rueckriegel Stefan Mark , Thomale Ulrich-Wilhelm , Hernáiz Driever Pablo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Diaschisis of cerebrocerebellar loops contributes to cognitive and motor deficits in pediatric cerebellar brain tumor survivors. We used a cerebellar white matter atlas and hypothesized that lesion symptom mapping may reveal the critical lesions of cerebellar tracts.

Methods
We examined 31 long-term survivors of pediatric posterior fossa tumors (13 pilocytic astrocytoma, 18 medulloblastoma). Patients underwent neuronal imaging, examination for ataxia, fine motor and cognitive function, planning abilities, and executive function. Individual consolidated cerebellar lesions were drawn manually onto patients’ individual MRI and normalized into Montreal Neurologic Institute (MNI) space for further analysis with voxel-based lesion symptom mapping.

Results
Lesion symptom mapping linked deficits of motor function to the superior cerebellar peduncle (SCP), deep cerebellar nuclei (interposed nucleus (IN), fastigial nucleus (FN), ventromedial dentate nucleus (DN)), and inferior vermis (VIIIa, VIIIb, IX, X). Statistical maps of deficits of intelligence and executive function mapped with minor variations to the same cerebellar structures.

Conclusion
We identified lesions to the SCP next to deep cerebellar nuclei as critical for limiting both motor and cognitive function in pediatric cerebellar tumor survivors. Future strategies safeguarding motor and cognitive function will have to identify patients preoperatively at risk for damage to these critical structures and adapt multimodal therapeutic options accordingly.
Carcinosarcomas of the larynx: systematic review of the literature of a rare nosologic entity
Authors: Colizza Andrea , Gilardi Antonio , Greco Antonio , Cialente Fabrizio , Zoccali Federica , Ralli Massimo , Minni Antonio , de Vincentiis Marco 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Carcinosarcoma, also known as Spindle Cell Carcinoma (SpCC), is a rare type of malignant tumor. Generally, this type of pathology occurs in the urogenital tract, the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract and mammary gland; in the larynx, SpCC represents only 2–3% of all malignancies. Due to its rarity, there is currently no generally acceptable treatment guideline for this disease. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature of SpCC of larynx and report epidemiologic, clinicopathologic and main therapeutic approaches for this entity.

Methods
A systematic literature review was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed and Scopus databases. For this review, the results were extrapolated in the period between January 1990 to September 2020. Data extraction was performed using a standard registry database. The clinical and pathological staging were recalculated according to the Eight Edition of AJCC Cancer Staging Manual and statistical analyses were performed using SPSS Version 25.0.

Results
A total of 111 patients affected by laryngeal carcinosarcoma were included. From our review arises that surgery is the main treatment for primary laryngeal carcinosarcoma. In this way, various techniques such as minimally invasive laryngoscopy excision, laser CO2 cordectomy, partial laryngectomy (vertical and horizontal) and total laryngectomy. The role of radiotherapy is still controversial. The overall survival (OS) for T1 stage tumor at 5 years of follow-up is 82.9%, the OS for T2 and T3 tumor is 74% and 73.4%. The OS at 5 years of follow-up is 91.7% for supraglottic tumor, 69.3% for glottic tumor and 50% for transglottic site. Subglottic site is described in only 2 cases [12–13], so the OS at 5 years is not statistically significant. The 5-year overall survival in patients without lymph nodes involvement (N0) is 90.2%, 66.7% and 50%, respectively, for N1 and N2 lesions.

Conclusion
Primary laryngeal carcinosarcoma is a very rare malignancy. There are no clear guidelines in the management but in the literature, surgery is described as the best modality of therapy; radiation only can be a reasonable alternative with controversial efficacy. The most important prognostic factor is the nodal metastasis.
The role of quantitative deep capillary plexus in the pathogenesis of type 3 macular neovascularization: an optical coherence tomography angiography study
Authors: Concilio Marina , Fossataro Federica , Montorio Daniela , Giordano Mariapaola , Cennamo Gilda 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To quantitatively investigate the role of deep capillary plexus (DCP) in patients affected by type 3 macular neovascularization (MNV), compared to patients with reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) eyes and healthy controls, using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods
In this prospective observational study, a total of seventy-eight eyes of 78 patients were included. Group 1 consisted of 40 eyes of 40 patients with stage 1 of type 3 MNV (22 males, 18 females, mean age 73.7, SD ± 6.60) and group 2 included 38 eyes of 38 patients with RPD (17 males, 21 females, mean age 73.2, SD ± 4.55). The control group included 40 eyes of 40 healthy subjects (20 males, 20 females, mean age 71.4, SD ± 6.36 years). We evaluated the retinal vessel density (VD) of superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) using OCTA.

Results
Patients with diagnosis of type 3 MNV showed statistically lower values of VD in DCP with respect to controls and to RPD group (p < 0.001), while there were no statistical differences between RPD and control group in macular region. No significant differences in VD of SCP were detected among the three study groups.

Conclusion
OCTA provides a reproducible, non-invasive detailed quantitative analysis of retinal vascular features and changing in early-stage type 3 MNV patients, which allowed to shed the light on the main role of DCP ischemia in the development of type 3 MNV.
Fatigue-induced changes in knee-extensor torque complexity and muscle metabolic rate are dependent on joint angle
Authors: Pethick Jamie , Winter Samantha L. , Burnley Mark 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Joint angle is a significant determinant of neuromuscular and metabolic function. We tested the hypothesis that previously reported correlations between knee-extensor torque complexity and metabolic rate ($${\text{m}\dot{\text{V}}\text{O}}_{{2}}$$

m

V
˙

O

2

) would be conserved at reduced joint angles (i.e. shorter muscle lengths).

Methods
Eleven participants performed intermittent isometric knee-extensor contractions at 50% maximum voluntary torque for 30 min or until task failure (whichever occurred sooner) at joint angles of 30º, 60º and 90º of flexion (0º = extension). Torque and surface EMG were sampled continuously. Complexity and fractal scaling of torque were quantified using approximate entropy (ApEn) and detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) α. $${\text{m}\dot{\text{V}}\text{O}}_{{2}}$$

m

V
˙

O

2

was determined using near-infrared spectroscopy.

Results
Time to task failure/end increased as joint angle decreased (P < 0.001). Over time, complexity decreased at 90º and 60º (decreased ApEn, increased DFA α, both P < 0.001), but not 30º. $${\text{m}\dot{\text{V}}\text{O}}_{{2}}$$

m

V
˙

O

2

increased at all joint angles (P < 0.001), though the magnitude of this increase was lower at 30º compared to 60º and 90º (both P < 0.01). There were significant correlations between torque complexity and $${\text{m}\dot{\text{V}}\text{O}}_{{2}}$$

m

V
˙

O

2

at 90º (ApEn, r =  − 0.60, P = 0.049) and 60º (ApEn, r =  − 0.64, P = 0.035; DFA α, ρ = 0.68, P = 0.015).

Conclusion
The lack of correlation between $${\text{m}\dot{\text{V}}\text{O}}_{{2}}$$

m

V
˙

O

2

and complexity at 30º was likely due to low relative task demands, given the similar kinetics of $${\text{m}\dot{\text{V}}\text{O}}_{{2}}$$

m

V
˙

O

2

and torque complexity. An inverse correlation between $${\text{m}\dot{\text{V}}\text{O}}_{{2}}$$

m

V
˙

O

2

and knee-extensor torque complexity occurs during high-intensity contractions at intermediate, but not short, muscle lengths.
A conserved C-terminal peptide of sorghum phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase promotes its proteolysis, which is prevented by Glc-6P or the phosphorylation state of the enzyme
Authors: Gandullo Jacinto , Álvarez Rosario , Feria Ana-Belén , Monreal José-Antonio , Díaz Isabel , Vidal Jean , Echevarría Cristina 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Main conclusion
A synthetic peptide from the C-terminal end of C4-phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase is implicated in the proteolysis of the enzyme, and Glc-6P or phosphorylation of the enzyme modulate this effect.

Abstract
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) is a cytosolic, homotetrameric enzyme that performs a variety of functions in plants. Among them, it is primarily responsible for CO2 fixation in the C4 photosynthesis pathway (C4-PEPC). Here we show that proteolysis of C4-PEPC by cathepsin proteases present in a semi-purified PEPC fraction was enhanced by the presence of a synthetic peptide containing the last 19 amino acids from the C-terminal end of the PEPC subunit (pC19). Threonine (Thr)944 and Thr948 in the peptide are important requirements for the pC19 effect. C4-PEPC proteolysis in the presence of pC19 was prevented by the PEPC allosteric effector glucose 6-phosphate (Glc-6P) and by phosphorylation of the enzyme. The role of these elements in the regulation of PEPC proteolysis is discussed in relation to the physiological context.
A finite deformation electro-mechanically coupled computational multiscale formulation for electrical conductors
Authors: Kaiser T. , Menzel A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMotivated by the influence of deformation-induced microcracks on the effective electrical properties at the macroscale, an electro-mechanically coupled computational multiscale formulation for electrical conductors is proposed. The formulation accounts for finite deformation processes and is a direct extension of the fundamental theoretical developments presented by Kaiser and Menzel (Arch Appl Mech 91:1509–1526, 2021) who assume a geometrically linearised setting. More specifically speaking, averaging theorems for the electric field quantities are proposed and boundary conditions that a priori fulfil the extended Hill–Mandel condition of the electro-mechanically coupled problem are discussed. A study of representative boundary value problems in two- and three-dimensional settings eventually shows the applicability of the proposed formulation and reveals the severe influence of microscale deformation processes on the effective electrical properties at the macroscale.
On Gatekeepers and Structural Competition Problems
Authors: Rusche Christian , Büchel Jan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe Digital Age saw the rise of several rapidly growing digital platforms with substantial market shares, and this development is expected to continue. Europe is a large target market for these globally operating platforms, although the majority of the most successful platforms come from the USA and Asia and will likely continue to do so in the future. This article reveals the reasons for the success of digital platforms and discusses the recent European Commission proposal for a Digital Markets Act based on the analysis of the status quo.
The States of Law in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Demian Melissa 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis article employs a consideration of Peter Fitzpatrick’s early work in Papua New Guinea to reflect on legal and social developments in the country since his residence there during the independence period. In particular, Fitzpatrick’s concerns about the emergence of a Papua New Guinean bourgeois legality that would shape the postcolony are shown to have been prescient in some respects, and also to have had other outcomes unanticipated by the Marxist legal and anthropological imagination of the 1970s. Finally, I use examples from the heterogeneous lawscape of Papua New Guinean cities to illustrate how the ‘true people’s law’ envisioned by Fitzpatrick is in the process of emerging in spaces outside of formal legislative or court processes.
Oxygen-Defect Enhanced Anion Adsorption Energy Toward Super-Rate and Durable Cathode for Ni–Zn Batteries
Authors: Yao Jia , Wan Houzhao , Chen Chi , Ji Jie , Wang Nengze , Zheng Zhaohan , Duan Jinxia , Wang Xunying , Ma Guokun , Tao Li , Wang Hanbin , Zhang Jun , Wang Hao 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe alkaline zinc-based batteries with high energy density are becoming a research hotspot. However, the poor cycle stability and low-rate performance limit their wide application. Herein, ultra-thin CoNiO2nanosheet with rich oxygen defects anchored on the vertically arranged Ni nanotube arrays (Od-CNO@Ni NTs) is used as a positive material for rechargeable alkaline Ni–Zn batteries. As the highly uniform Ni nanotube arrays provide a fast electron/ion transport path and abundant active sites, the Od-CNO@Ni NTs electrode delivers excellent capacity (432.7 mAh g−1) and rate capability (218.3 mAh g−1at 60 A g−1). Moreover, our Od-CNO@Ni NTs//Zn battery is capable of an ultra-long lifespan (93.0% of initial capacity after 5000 cycles), extremely high energy density of 547.5 Wh kg−1and power density of 92.9 kW kg−1(based on the mass of cathode active substance). Meanwhile, the theoretical calculations reveal that the oxygen defects can enhance the interaction between electrode surface and electrolyte ions, contributing to higher capacity. This work opens a reasonable idea for the development of ultra-durable, ultra-fast, and high-energy Ni–Zn battery."Image missing"
HDR-Net-Fusion: Real-time 3D dynamic scene reconstruction with a hierarchical deep reinforcement network
Authors: Song Haoxuan , Huang Jiahui , Cao Yan-Pei , Mu Tai-Jiang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractReconstructing dynamic scenes with commodity depth cameras has many applications in computer graphics, computer vision, and robotics. However, due to the presence of noise and erroneous observations from data capturing devices and the inherently ill-posed nature of non-rigid registration with insufficient information, traditional approaches often produce low-quality geometry with holes, bumps, and misalignments. We propose a novel 3D dynamic reconstruction system, named HDR-Net-Fusion, which learns to simultaneously reconstruct and refine the geometry on the fly with a sparse embedded deformation graph of surfels, using a hierarchical deep reinforcement (HDR) network. The latter comprises two parts: a global HDR-Net which rapidly detects local regions with large geometric errors, and a local HDR-Net serving as a local patch refinement operator to promptly complete and enhance such regions. Training the global HDR-Net is formulated as a novel reinforcement learning problem to implicitly learn the region selection strategy with the goal of improving the overall reconstruction quality. The applicability and efficiency of our approach are demonstrated using a large-scale dynamic reconstruction dataset. Our method can reconstruct geometry with higher quality than traditional methods.
Brain correlates of impaired goal management in bipolar mania
Authors: Madre Mercé , Fuentes-Claramonte Paola , Palau Pol , Sáez Naia , Moro Noemí , Blanch Clara , Verdolini Norma , Garcia-Leon Maria Angeles , Feria Isabel , Munuera Josep , Sarró Salvador , Raduà Joaquim , McKenna Peter , Salvador Raymond , Pomarol-Clotet Edith 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundAlthough executive impairment has been reported in mania, its brain functional correlates have been relatively little studied. This study examined goal management, believed to be more closely related to executive impairment in daily life than other executive tasks, using a novel functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) paradigm in patients in this illness phase.MethodsTwenty-one currently manic patients with bipolar disorder and 30 matched healthy controls were scanned while performing the Computerized Multiple Elements Test (CMET). This requires participants to sequentially play four simple games, with transition between games being made either voluntarily (executive condition) or automatically (control condition).ResultsCMET performance was impaired in the manic patients compared to the healthy controls. Manic patients failed to increase activation in the lateral frontal, cingulate and inferior parietal cortex when the executive demands of the task increased, while this increase was observed in the healthy controls. Activity in these regions was associated with task performance.ConclusionsManic patients show evidence of impaired goal management, which is associated with a pattern of reduced medial and lateral frontal and parietal activity.