bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Social Capital on Utilization of Maternal and Child Health Services in Low- and Middle- Income Countries: Mixed-Methods Review
Authors: Mengesha Endalkachew Worku , Alene Getu Degu , Zelellw Desalegne Amare , Assefa Yibeltal , Tessema Gizachew Assefa 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Social capital is defined as social relations that may provide individuals and groups with access to resources and supports in community networks. It has become an important issue to be studied in the field of public health. This study aimed to review pieces of literature about the role of social capital on the utilization of maternal and child health services in low- and middle- income countries.Methods: Mixed-methods research review and synthesis, using three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct), was performed. Besides, Google Scholar and Google search engines were used. Both quantitative and qualitative studies conducted in low- and middle- income countries, published in English, in grey and commercial literature were considered. Results: A total of 1,545 studies were identified, of which, 328 records were removed due to duplication. Then, 13 records were selected after reading titles, abstracts, and full texts. Of these eligible studies, six studies were included for quantitative synthesis, and seven of them for qualitative synthesis. Moreover, six quantitative studies and seven qualitative studies were included. Of the six reviewed quantitative studies, five of them addressed the relationship between social capital and health facility delivery. Likewise, women who lived in communities with higher membership in groups that help form intergroup bridging ties had higher odds of antenatal care use. Synthesized qualitative findings revealed that women received some form of emotional, informational, and instrumental support from their network members. Receiving health information from trusted people and socio-cultural factors influenced the use of maternal health services.Conclusions: Social capital has a great contribution to the utilization of maternal and child health services. Countries aiming to reduce maternal mortality should identify context-specific approaches to benefit from its social capital. On the other hand, measurement tools for social capital require due attention as there is no uniformity across studies and most of them were conducted using a cross-sectional design. Hence, further longitudinal and interventional studies should be employed to pin down the direction of causality.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42021226923
Edible Thai rice film incorporated with ginger extract by microwave extraction: optimization of bioactive compounds and functional properties for antimicrobials
Authors: Utama-ang Niramon , Sida Sirinapa , Wanachantararak Phenphichar , Kawee-ai Arthitaya 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to integrate microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) on the dry ginger extract and to develop rice-based edible film incorporated with ginger extract. An efficient MAE was developed to extract the dried ginger using a 32 full factorial design. The optimal condition was a microwave power of 400W and an extraction time of 1 min. The extraction time was a significantly effective factor than microwave power, whist power was not a significant factor for yield, 6-gingerol, 6-shogaol, and paradol. A crude extract of dried-ginger has antimicrobial activity against S. mutans DMST 18777 with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 0.49 mg/mL and 31.25 mg/mL, respectively. The rice-based edible film incorporated with 32 mg/mL of ginger extract against S. mutans DMST 18777 with a mean zone of inhibition of 12.69 ± 0.07 mm. The functional property of rice film was remarkably better than the original. Significant increases in TPC, antioxidant and bioactive compounds were associated with increase ginger extract contents in rice film. The main phenolic compounds including 6- gingerol 6-shogaol, paradol, and zingerone, and essential oils including α-curcumene, α-zingiberene, γ-muurolene, α-farnesene, β-bisabolene, and β-sesquiphellandrene were found in rice film strip fortify with crude ginger extract.
Occurrence, Geochemistry and Speciation of Elevated Arsenic Concentrations in a Fractured Bedrock Aquifer System
Authors: McGrory Ellen , Henry Tiernan , Conroy Peter , Morrison Liam 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The presence of elevated arsenic concentrations (≥10 µg L-1) in groundwaters has been widely reported in areas of south east Asia with recent studies showing its detection in fractured bedrock aquifers mainly in regions of north-eastern United States. Data within Europe remains limited; therefore, the objective of this work was to understand the geochemical mobilisation mechanism of arsenic in this geologic setting. Physiochemical (pH, Eh, d-O2), trace metals, major ion and arsenic speciation samples were collected and analysed using a variety of field and laboratory-based techniques and evaluated using statistical analysis including multivariate analysis. Elevated dissolved arsenic concentrations (up to 73.95 µg L-1) were observed in oxic-alkali groundwaters with the co-occurrence of other oxyanions (e.g. Mo, Se, Sb and U), low dissolved concentrations of Fe and Mn and low Na/Ca ratios indicating that arsenic was mobilised through alkali desorption of Fe oxyhydroxides. Arsenic speciation using a solid-phase extraction methodology (n=20) showed that the dominant species of arsenic present in groundwater was arsenate, with pH being a major controlling factor. The expected source of arsenic is sulfide minerals within fractures of the bedrock aquifer with transportation of arsenic and other oxyanion-forming elements facilitated by secondary Fe mineral phases. However, the presence of methylarsenical compounds detected in the groundwaters illustrates that microbially mediated mobilisation processes were also (co)-occurring. This study demonstrates how field speciation of arsenic can be utilised to overcome analytical limitations of conventional laboratory speciation and to facilitate in the interpretation of the environmental mobility of arsenic within groundwaters.
Comparison of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT and [18F]FDG PET/CT for diagnosis of metastasis in differentiated thyroid cancer with negative iodine scintigraphy
Authors: Wu Ji , Liao Taiping , Huang Yilin , Rao Zijuan , Ou Lei , Gong Weidong , Wu Junhao , Jiang guohao , zhang chunyin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose Evaluation of the potential value of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and [18F]FDG PET/CT in detection of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) metastases. Methods [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 and [18F]FDG PET/CT scans were performed on suspected metastatic DTC patients. Maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) was used to quantify the uptake of positive lesions. Histopathology or follow-up images were used as the standard for final diagnosis.Results A total of 35 DTC patients underwent [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 and [18F]FDG PET/CT scans in the same time period. Average SUVmax of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 uptake by DTC lesions was low (average SUVmax<7). The difference in detection rate of SUVmax of[68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04compared with that of[18F]FDG in bone metastases was statistically significant (P=0.000, 0.049). There were differences in the detection rate of other distant and lymph node metastases, and SUVmax, with no statistical significance (P>0.05). The specificity, accuracy, and positive predictive value of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 in the diagnosis of lymph node lesions were higher than those of [18F]FDG PET/CT, and the difference was statistically significant (c2=16.583，c2=9.910，c2=7.548，c2=2.781, P＜0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive and negative predictive value of the two groups in the diagnosis of distant metastases (c2=0.440，c2=4.956，c2=0.013，c2=1.194，c2=2.618，P＞0.05). Conclusion [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 has certain advantages over [18F]FDG PET/CT in detecting lymph node and bone metastases. It has the same ability to detect other distant metastases and can be used as a supplementary imaging method for DTC.
A benzothiazole-based fluorescence turn-on sensor for copper(II)
Authors: Kim Gyeongjin , Choi Donghwan , Kim Cheal 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A new benzothiazole-based chemosensor BTN (1-((Z)-(((E)-3-methylbenzo[d]thiazol-2(3H)-ylidene)hydrazono)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol) was synthesized for the detection of Cu2+. BTN could detect Cu2+ with “off-on” fluorescent response from colorless to yellow irrespective of presence of other cations. Limit of detection for Cu2+ was determined to be 3.3 µM. Binding ratio of BTN and Cu2+ turned out to be a 1:1 with the analysis of Job plot and ESI-MS. Sensing feature of Cu2+ by BTN was explained with theoretical calculations, which might be owing to internal charge transfer and chelation-enhanced fluorescence processes.
Fluorescence Enhancement Based Quantification of Human Serum Albumin from Biological Sample Using Indole Based Nanosuspension: Molecular Interactions and Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Suryawanshi Sonali B. , Desai Netaji K. , Bodake Anita J. , Patil Shivajirao R. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Fluorescent 3-[(E)-(2-phenylhydrazinylidene) methyl]-1H-indole (PHI) was synthesized by condensation of indole-3carboxaldehyde and phenyl hydrazine in presence of acetic acid and ethanol and after spectral characterization used further to prepare its aqueous nano suspension by reprecipitation method using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as stabilizer. The average particle size of nano suspension measured by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) was found 77.5 nm while FESEM microphotograph showed spherical morphology. The blue shift in the absorption spectrum and stokes shifted fluorescence of nanosuspension of PHI compared to its monomer spectrum in dilute solution indicate formation of H-type aggregate by face to face overlapping of the molecules.The aggregation induced enhanced emission (AIEE) of PVP capped nanosuspension of PHI is increased appreciably by presence of aqueous solution of human serum albumin (HSA). A suitable mechanism of molecular binding interactions based on complex formation between PHI nanoaggregate and HSA through PVP is proposed. Fluorescence life time, zeta potential and particle size data of PHI nanoparticles (PHINPs) obtained in presence of different amounts of HSA are in support of molecular interactions leading to complex formation. The molecular docking studies showed that HSA and PVP capped PHINPs exhibit strong hydrogen bonding interaction. The fluorescence enhancement effect induced in PHI nanosuspension is used further to develop analytical method for quantitative estimation of HSA in aqueous biological sample solution.
Finite Element Analysis of Large Plastic Deformation Process of Pure Molybdenum Plate During Hot Rolling
Authors: Hu Ping , Cheng Quan , Xing Hai rui , Li Shi lei , Han Jia yu , Ge Song wei , Hua Xing jiang , Hu Bo liang , Wang Kuai she , Zhang Wen 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Rare molybdenum resources have been increasingly involved in heavy industries. In this paper, the common unidirectional and cross hot rolling operations, for pure molybdenum plate, are numerically simulated by using MSC. Marc software. An elastic-plastic finite element model is employed together with updated Lagrange method to predict stress and strain fields in the work-piece. The results showed that there was a typical three-dimensional additional compressive stress ( σy > σx > σz ) in deformation zone, while strain could be divided into uniaxial compressive strain and biaxial tensile strain ( Ey > Ex > Ez ). Tensile stress σx increased with the accumulation of reduction and the decrease of friction coefficient at the edge of width spread. More importantly, the interlaced deformation caused by cross commutation was helpful to repair the severe anisotropy created by unidirectional hot rolling. By comparing the theoretical verification of rolling forces and the measured temperatures with the simulated values, eventually, it is demonstrated that the model is aligning well with the actual engineering.
Modified Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm Based Genetic Algorithm for Global Optimization Problems: The System of Nonlinear Equations Case Study
Authors: Omar Hala A. , El-Shorbagy Mohammed 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA) is one of the promising optimization algorithms for optimization problems. But, it has the main drawback of trapping into a local minimum, which causes slow convergence or inability to detect a solution. Several modifications and combinations have been proposed to overcome this problem. In this paper, a modified grasshopper optimization algorithm (MGOA) based genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed to overcome this problem. Modifications rely on certain mathematical assumptions and varying the domain of the Cmax control parameter to escape from the local minimum and move the search process to a new improved point. Parameter C is one of the most important parameters in GOA where it balances the exploration and exploitation of the search space. These modifications aim to lead to speed up the convergence rate by reducing the repeated solutions and the number of iterations. The proposed algorithm will be tested on the 19 main test functions to verify and investigate the influence of the proposed modifications. In addition, the algorithm will be applied to solve 5 different cases of nonlinear systems with different types of dimensions and regularity to show the reliability and efficiency of the proposed algorithm. Good results were achieved compared to the original GOA.
Highly Efficient CRISPR/Cas9 System in Plasmodium Falciparum Using Cas9-expressing Parasites and a Linear Donor Template
Authors: Nishi Tsubasa , Shinzawa Naoaki , Yuda Masao , Iwanaga Shiroh 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The current CRISPR/Cas9 system for Plasmodium falciparum suffers from technical problems caused by plasmid constructs, such as delays in establishing transgenic parasites during drug selection and unexpected integration of circular donor DNA by single-crossover recombination. Although these problems can be solved by using linear donor templates, such an approach requires highly efficient introduction of DNA and rapid completion of recombination because linear DNA is easily lost from the parasites during multiplication. Here, we overcame these problems by developing a highly efficient DNA transfer method and Cas9-expressing parasites. Using our new CRISPR/Cas9 system, transgenic parasites were established in two weeks without any unexpected recombination or off-target mutations. Furthermore, with our system, two genes on different chromosomes were successfully modified in one transfection. Because of its high efficiency and robustness, our new CRISPR/Cas9 system will become a standard technique for genetic engineering of P. falciparum and dramatically advance studies of this parasite.
The Dopamine D2R Antagonist Trifluoperazine Suppresses High-Fat Diet-Induced Hyperglycemia and Hypothalamic Gliosis in Obese Mice
Authors: Huang Hui-Ting , Chen Pei-Chun , Chen Po-See , Chiu Wen-Tai , Kuo Yu-Min , Tzeng Shun-Fen 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Microglia, the resident macrophages of the central nervous system (CNS), as well as astrocytes, are CNS glia cells to support neurodevelopment and neuronal function. Yet, their activation-associated with CNS inflammation is involved in the initiation and progression of neurological disorders. Mild inflammation in the periphery and glial activation called gliosis in the hypothalamic region, arcuate nucleus (ARC), are generally observed in the obese individuals and animal models. Thus, reduction in peripheral and central inflammation is considered as a strategy to lessen the abnormality of obesity-associated metabolic indices. In this study, we reported that acute peripheral challenge by inflammagen lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggered an upregulation of hypothalamic dopamine type 2 receptor (D2R) expression, and chronic feeding by high fat diet (HFD) caused an increased levels of D2R in the ARC. The in vitro and in vivo studies indicated that a D2R antagonist named trifluoperazine (TFP) was able to suppress LPS-stimulated activation of microglia and effectively inhibited LPS-induced peripheral inflammation, as well as hypothalamic inflammation. Further findings showed daily peripheral administration intraperitoneally (i.p.) by TFP for 4 weeks was able to reduce the levels of plasma and hypothalamic tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in obese mice receiving HFD for 16 weeks. Moreover, plasma glucose and insulin were effectively decreased by daily treatment with TFP for 4 weeks. In parallel, microglia and astrocytes in the ARC was also inhibited by peripheral administration by TFP. According to our results, TFP has the ability to suppress HFD-induced hyperglycemia, inflammation and gliosis in hypothalamus.
A New Approach to Improve the Hemodynamic Assessment of Cardiac Function Independent of Respiratory Influence
Authors: Ogilvie Leslie , Edgett Brittany A. , Gray Simon , Al-Mufty Sally , Huber Jason S. , Brunt Keith R. , Simpson Jeremy A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Cardiovascular and respiratory systems are anatomically and functionally linked; inspiration produces negative intrathoracic pressures that act on the heart and alter cardiac function. Inspiratory pressures increase with heart failure and can exceed the magnitude of ventricular pressure during diastole. Accordingly, respiratory pressures may be a confounding factor to assessing cardiac function. While the interaction between respiration and the heart is well characterized, the extent to which systolic and diastolic indices are affected by inspiration is unknown. Our objective was to understand how inspiratory pressure affects the hemodynamic assessment of cardiac function. To do this, we developed custom software to assess and separate indices of systolic and diastolic function into inspiratory, early expiratory, and late expiratory phases of respiration. We then compared cardiac parameters during normal breathing and with various respiratory loads. Variations in inspiratory pressure had a small impact on systolic pressure and function. Conversely, diastolic pressure strongly correlated with negative inspiratory pressure. Cardiac pressures were less affected by respiration during expiration; late expiration was the most stable respiratory phase. In conclusion, inspiration is a large confounding influence on diastolic pressure, but minimally affects systolic pressure. Performing cardiac hemodynamic analysis by accounting for respiratory phase yields more accuracy and analytic confidence to the assessment of diastolic function.
Robust data storage in DNA by de Bruijn graph-based decoding
Authors: Song Lifu , Geng Feng , Song Ziyi , Li Bing-Zhi , Yuan Ying-Jin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Data storage in DNA, which store information in polymers, is a potential technology with high density and long-term features. However, the indels, strand rearrangements, and strand breaks that emerged during synthesis, amplification, sequencing, and storage of DNA molecules need to be handled. Here, we report a de Bruijn graph-based, greedy path search algorithm (DBG-GPS), which can efficiently handle all these issues by efficient reconstruction of the DNA strands. DBG-GPS achieves accurate data recovery with low-quality, deep error-prone PCR products, and accelerated aged DNA samples (solution, 70℃ for two weeks). The robustness of DBG-GPS was verified with 100 times of multiple retrievals using PCR products with massive unspecific amplifications. Moreover, DBG-GPS shows linear decoding complexity and more than 100 times faster than the multiple alignment-based methods, indicating a suitable solution for large-scale data storage.
Treatment of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tibial Insertion Avulsion Fractures with a Single Tunnel using a Double-strand Suture Anchor Under Arthroscopy
Authors: Guo Dan , Hu Hansheng 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tibial insertion avulsion fractures cause instability of the knee joint, and minimally invasive techniques are the first choice for treating this type of intra-articular injury. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical effect of a single tunnel with a double-strand suture anchor in the treatment of ACL tibial insertion avulsion fractures. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the data for 29 patients, comprising 15 males and 14 females, with Meyers-McKeever type II or III ACL tibial insertion avulsion fractures treated with a single tunnel using a double-strand suture anchor under arthroscopy from January 2014 to June 2018. All 29 patients in this group were followed up for 12 months. The Lachman test was used to evaluate knee joint stability, the Lysholm score was used to evaluate knee joint function, and postoperative X-rays were used to evaluate healing after fracture reduction. Results All 29 patients completed the follow-up. During the 12-month follow-up period, postoperative X-rays showed that all ACL tibial insertion avulsion fractures healed well and the pre-fracture function was restored. All incisions performed in patients healed well, and no surgical complications, such as infection or fracture nonunion, occurred. The anterior drawer test (ADT) and Lachman test were negative for the patients, and the knee function recovered well. The preoperative Lysholm score was 51.14 ± 2.34, and the preoperative International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective score was 51.24 ± 3.16; the Lysholm score at the last follow-up was 92.52 ± 1.35, and the IKDC subjective score at the last follow-up was 92.93 ± 2.59 (P < 0.05). Conclusion Within the limitations of this study, a single tunnel with a double-strand suture anchor under arthroscopy for the treatment of ACL tibial insertion avulsion fracture was a simple procedure. The procedure caused minimal trauma, achieved good reduction, had firm fixation, ensured quick recovery, caused few complications, ensured good functional recovery, and provided satisfactory clinical results.Level of evidence: IV