bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pension d’un salarié du secteur privé et transitions vers un système universel de retraite par points : étude d’impact sur des profils-types de carrière complète sous plafond
Authors: Gannon Frédéric , Le Garrec Gilles , Lenfant Gautier , Touzé Vincent 
Published: December 2021

L’adoption d’un système universel de retraite par points modifie le lien entre revenus du travail et pension de retraite. Dans cet article, pour des salariés du secteur privé aux carrières complètes (sous plafond de sécurité sociale), nous montrons que : une redistribution s’observe en faveur des carrières moins dynamiques ; une conversion immédiate en points des droits acquis dans l’ancien système, contrairement à une imbrication des règles de calcul, s’avère être une méthode qui avantage plutôt les carrières les moins dynamiques ; pour des carrières comportant de mauvaises années cotisées, des baisses de pension significatives sont possibles ; pour les carrières à faibles salaires, une hausse de la pension minimum peut conduire à une pension finale plus élevée. Classification JEL : H55, D31, I38
La relation d’aide aux adolescents en situation de décrochage scolaire : théorie et pratique
Authors: Versnaeyen Lucie , Trappeniers Éric 
Published: December 2021

L’espace Claude-Chassagny est un centre médico-psycho-pédagogique (CMPP) spécialisé qui propose une approche thérapeutique pluridisciplinaire du décrochage scolaire chez les adolescents (de 12 à 20 ans). D’un point de vue systémique, le décrochage scolaire est envisagé comme le symptôme qui témoigne d’une situation de mal-être d’un adolescent et d’un niveau d’alerte du fonctionnement du système familial. Au sein du CMPP, la mise en articulation du travail individuel avec un travail familial permet à l’adolescent d’accéder à l’autonomie en se libérant de loyautés aliénantes. Cette prise en charge psychothérapeutique s’inscrit également dans un travail de réseau qui implique la mise en articulation de l’ensemble des intervenants dans la situation de l’adolescent : école, famille, intervenants sociaux et institutions soignantes.
Neotype of Amanita spissa var. laeta (Basidiomycota, Amanitaceae)
Authors: Wartchow Felipe 
Published: December 2021

While studying the genus Amanita in Brazil, a specimen identified by J. Rick as Amanita spissa var. laeta was found. Its morphological analysis suggested that this material certainly corresponded to the one used in the protologue of this name. For this reason, it is designated here as the neotype.
Renaissance plaster casts: first insights by means of Structured Light 3D Scanner
Authors: Gariani Gianluca , Hochart Charlotte , Mélard Nicolas 
Published: December 2021

As part of an ongoing project dealing with the technical study of 15th century Florentine devotional reliefs, a focus was made to investigate their production by serial casting. Manufacturing techniques of the so-called Madonne di gesso were investigated on 12 artworks chosen after three different models of Donatello and B. Bellano, Desiderio da Settignano and Antonio Rossellino. Results obtained with a structured light 3D scanner were invaluable for art historians. Despite their location, a simultaneous examination of the reliefs kept in the Louvre Museum and in Florence (Bargello and Bardini Museums) was carried out, as well as a mesh comparison of their 3D models. This allowed us to identify and measure millimetric differences of shapes and topography between reliefs of the same type and/or casting series. Indeed, direct correlations have been established by verifying the low-reliefs most likely produced from the same mould/prototype. In some cases, a chronology within the casting series has been proposed. Results disclosed manufacturing insights on these artworks produced in 15th century Florentine botteghe.
La campagne de restauration de dix reliefs en stuc italiens dans le cadre du programme ESPRIT : aspects matériels d’une réhabilitation
Authors: Gérard Alexandra 
Published: December 2021

En quatre ans, de 2014 à 2018, le programme ESPRIT (Étude des stucs polychromés de la Renaissance italienne) a permis la restauration d’une dizaine de reliefs en stuc italiens de la Renaissance : sept du département des sculptures du musée du Louvre et trois du musée des Beaux-Arts de Strasbourg. Tous restaurés dans les ateliers du Centre de recherche et de restauration des musées de France, ils ont fait l’objet de diverses analyses et du suivi d’un comité de restauration. Ces reliefs forment un corpus homogène et représentatif des différentes problématiques propres à la restauration de ce type d’objet. En l’absence d’archives ou presque, ils ont bénéficié d’une approche méthodologique et déontologique commune impliquant notamment la mise en place systématique d’études préalables avant restauration. Au terme de ces études de cas, on peut distinguer trois niveaux d’intervention de restauration en fonction de l’état de conservation de chaque œuvre, en particulier de sa polychromie.
Neurological Disorders Seen During Second Wave of SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic from Two Tertiary Care Centers in Central and Southern Kerala
Authors: George Minu , Baby Neena , Azad Ameen , Rajan Aswathy , Radhakrishnan Suresh Kumar 
Published: December 2021

Background and Objective:
SARS-CoV-2 infections present with predominant respiratory symptoms. Only a few anecdotal reports of neurological involvement have come out from India so far. Adverse neurological events following immunization (AEFI) were also reported. We present the neurological symptoms seen either in association with vaccination or COVID-19 infection during the second wave.

Methods:
This was a retrospective study that included consecutive COVID-19 patients’ admissions during the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic in two tertiary health care centres in Kerala. Neurological symptoms two weeks prior or thirty days after a positive status of antigen or RTPCR was termed as COVID-19-Associated Neurological Disorders (CAND) and those with neurological symptoms within one month of COVID-19 vaccination was termed as Post-Vaccinal Neurological Disorders (PVND).

Results:
During the study period, 1270 COVID-19 admissions were reported. We identified neurological symptoms in 42 patients (3.3%), of which 35 were CAND and 7 were PVND. Stroke was the most common (50%), followed by seizures and peripheral nervous system disorders (14.2% each). Encephalitis/demyelination (11.9%) and COVID-19-associated infections (9.5%) were also seen.

Conclusion:
During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, CAND and PVND have been emerging. Association of some of these may be fortuitous; however it is worth mentioning as pathogenic mechanisms of COVID-19 affecting various organ systems still remain unclear. Moreover, this may be helpful in future studies designing management options.
Spectrum of Paediatric Surgical Cases in a Private Mission Teaching Hospital in Nigeria
Authors: Ajao Akinlabi Emmanuel , Adeniran James Olaniyi 
Published: December 2021

Introduction:
Establishing the nature of conditions requiring surgery among children in a particular location may be crucial for policy formulation and implementation as regards paediatric surgery.

Objective:
This study aimed to describe the pattern and outcome of paediatric surgical cases operated upon in a newly established paediatric surgical unit in Nigeria.

Subjects and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study of all subjects that were operated upon by the paediatric surgery unit over a 28-month period. Data obtained included age, sex, diagnosis, timing of surgery, post-treatment complications and outcome. Diagnoses were categorised based on the International Classification of Diseases 11th revision for morbidity and mortality statistics. Data analysis was done using Stata version 12.

Results:
A total of 377 procedures were performed on 336 patients with a male-to-female ratio of 2.1:1. The median age at surgery was 36 months. Disorders of the digestive system (184, 48.8%) and developmental anomalies (119, 31.6%) accounted for majority of the cases, with inguinal hernias and hydrocoeles accounting for 17.0% of all cases. Thirty-six per cent of the procedures were emergent ones, and the overall complication rate was 23.6% (89/377). The unplanned re-operation rate was 7.4% (25/336) and mortality rate was 5.1% (17/336). Typhoid ileal perforation was responsible for 4 (23.5%) of the deaths.

Conclusion:
Congenital anomalies and surgical infections represent a major surgical burden among children in our sub-region of Nigeria. There is, therefore, the need for focused research on these conditions and the integration of children surgery into public health programmes for children in sub-Saharan Africa.
Tin (IV) Oxide (SnO2) Nanoparticles Inhibit the Viability of Cervical Cancer HeLa Cells Through Induction of Apoptosis
Authors: Bazsefidpar Parisa , Koochakkhani Shabnaz , Inchehsablagh Behnaz Rahnama , Eftekhar Ebrahim , Aliasgari Elahe 
Published: December 2021

Introduction:
Resistance to chemotherapy and severe side effects have been reported as the main reasons for treatment failure in patients with cervical cancer. Therefore, it is necessary to find new treatment strategies with fewer side effects and more efficacy. This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic property of tin (IV) oxide (SnO2) nanoparticles (NPs) against human cervical cancer cells (HeLa cells). In addition, the molecular mechanism of anticancer activity of SnO2 NPs was evaluated.

Materials and Methods:
The cytotoxicity of SnO2 NPs against HeLa cells and normal mouse fibroblast cells (L929) was studied using an MTT assay. To determine the mechanism of action of SnO2 NPs, the cells were treated with the half maximal inhibitory concentration values of SnO2 NPs for 24 h and apoptotic cell percentage was assessed by Annexin-PI and flow cytometry. In addition, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to evaluate the mRNA expression levels of apoptotic genes (Bax and Bcl-2).

Results:
SnO2 NPs suppress the viability of HeLa cells in a dose-dependent manner. This compound was more cytotoxic against HeLa cells than L929 cells. Flow-cytometry analysis revealed that SnO2 NPs significantly caused cell growth arrest. Moreover, real-time PCR results showed that SnO2 NPs treatment decreased Bcl-2 and increased Bax expression level.

Conclusion:
SnO2 NPs treatment significantly inhibit HeLa cells viability through the induction of apoptosis. Interestingly SnO2 NPs were more cytotoxic against HeLa cells than normal fibroblast cells, which may provide promising evidence for their applications as an anticancer drug.
Effects of Aegle marmelos (L.) Methanolic Leaf Extracts on Biochemical Parameters in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Birudu Ravi Babu , Pamulapati Padmavathi , Manoharan Sathish Kumar 
Published: December 2021

Background:

Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa is a widely found plant in India as well as in South Asia. For more than several centuries, it is being widely used for its medicinal properties.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to evaluate the biochemical changes in alloxan-induced diabetic rats treated with methanolic leaf extracts of A. marmelos.

Materials and Methods:
Six treatment groups (namely control, diseased, standard (glimepiride), low dose (100 mg/kg), medium dose (250 mg/kg), and high dose (500 mg/kg) of methanolic leaf extracts were used in the study. The biochemical effects were evaluated by the determination of albumin-to-globulin ratio (A/G ratio), albumin, amylase, bilirubin, blood urea, blood urea nitrogen, calcium, direct bilirubin, globulin, glucose-6-phosphate, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), homocysteine, indirect bilirubin, inorganic phosphate, lipase, mean blood glucose, serum uric acid, and vitamin D3.

Results:
No significant changes were observed in A/G ratio among the treatment groups when compared with the diseased and control treatment groups. Low- and medium-dose-treated animals showed a significant change in albumin, bilirubin, calcium, direct bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, globulin, glucose-6-phosphate, homocysteine, inorganic phosphate, lipase, and vitamin D3 levels when compared with standard treatment group as well as diseased group. Low-dose treatment group animals showed a significant increase in amylase and mean blood glucose levels than the diseased treatment groups, whereas low-dose treatment group animals showed a significant decrease in HbA1c levels than the diseased treatment groups.

Conclusion:
Through the biochemical changes, it is evident that the low and medium dose of methanolic leaf extract of A. marmelos can be used in the treatment of diabetes and its complications.
Hepatoprotective Effects of Hertia cheirifolia Butanolic Extract and Selenium Against CCL4-induced Toxicity in Rats
Authors: Menakh Mouna , Boutellaa Saber , Mahdi Djahida , Zellagui Amar , Lahouel Mesbah , Öztürk Mehmet 
Published: December 2021

Background:

Hertia cheirifolia, a traditional plant endemic to both Tunisia and Algeria, is used for the treatment of various disorders. This study investigates the antioxidant and protective effects of H. cheirifolia butanolic extract (BEHC) alone and combined with selenium (Se) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver damage in rats.

Experimental Procedure:
Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups: (1) normal control, (2) hepatotoxic control, (3) positive control received silymarin 100 mg/kg body weight (bw), (4) BEHC (100 mg/kg bw), (5) BEHC (400 mg/kg bw), and (6) BEHC (400 mg/kg bw) + Se (0,3 mg/kg bw) once daily for 14 consecutive days, followed by hepatotoxicity induction with CCl4 in olive oil 0.6 mL/kg bw intraperitoneally. Some biochemical and oxidative stress parameters were investigated. Quantity and quality of phenolics in BEHC were determined by spectrophotometer and high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) analysis, respectively.

Results and Conclusion:
BEHC contained high amounts of total phenolics and flavonoids where seven compounds were identified. The pretreatment with BEHC or with BEHC and Se significantly reduced the levels of plasma aminotransferases (alanine aminotransferase [AST] and aspartate aminotransferase [ALT]), alkaline phosphatase, malondialdehyde (MDA), and increasing glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in hepatic tissues. In conclusion, BEHC has a potent natural antioxidant activity that can be used with Se to reduce hepatotoxicity.
Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis and Sonchus arvensis L. Inhibit Gentamicin-induced Nephrotoxicity
Authors: Suliska Nova , Kurniati Neng Fisheri , Sukandar Elin Yulinah 
Published: December 2021

Introduction:

Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) v Steenis and Sonchus arvensis L. have been used traditionally to treat many diseases such as inflammation, hypercholesterolemia, and kidney stones. This study investigated the renoprotective effect of the best combination of A. cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis and S. arvensis L. against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats reduced the urinary N-acetyl beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAGase) specific marker.

Materials and Methods:
This study used male Wistar rats, weighing 200–300 g. The experiment consisted of a negative control group, a positive control group, A. cordifolia 100 mg/kg (body weight) b.w. group (AE), S. arvensis 100 mg/kg b.w. group (SE), A. cordifolia 50 mg/kg b.w. + S. arvensis 50 mg/kg b.w. (AE50 + SE50), A. cordifolia 100 mg/kg b.w. + S. arvensis 100 mg/kg b.w. (AE100 + SE100), A. cordifolia 75 mg/kg b.w. + S. arvensis 25 mg/kg b.w. (AE75 + SE25), and A. cordifolia 25 mg/kg b.w. + S. arvensis 75 mg/kg b.w. (AE25 + SE75). All groups were given the extract according to the group for 14 days orally. On day 15, all groups except the negative control group induced renal failure by administering gentamicin 100 mg/kg b.w. for 8 days along with the extract. On day 22, the evaluation was carried out by measuring urea, creatinine, and NAGase.

Results:
All treatment groups showed significantly decreased levels of creatinine and urea in serum and urinary NAGase when compared with the positive control group (P < 0.05). The AE75 + SE25 group showed the smallest elevated levels of creatinine (14, 36%) and urea (17.4%) in serum and urinary NAGase (29.4%) when compared with the positive control group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The combination of A. cordifolia 75 mg/kg b.w. and S. arvensis 25 mg/kg b.w. extract showed a better nephroprotective effect in decreasing the NAGase as the early biomarker in kidney failure.
Investigation of the Effects of Satureja edmondi on Memory Impairment Caused by Chemical Kindling in Adult Male Rats
Authors: Mahmoodi Gelavij , Bohlouli Somayeh 
Published: December 2021

Introduction:
Epilepsy causes neuronal damage that disturbs normal brain functioning, especially in the hippocampal formation. In addition, it has been shown that cognitive inconsistencies, changes in emotional behavior, and neuronal loss in the hippocampus occur during pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced kindling. So, the purpose of the present research was to investigate whether administration of Satureja edmoni is able to prevent memory impairment, caused by PTZ-induced kindling in adult male rats.

Materials and Methods:
In this study, male rats were kindled by repeated (two or three) injection of PTZ intraperitoneally (i.p.) (25 mg/kg); then all animals in the extract groups were treated with 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg of S. edmondi. For behavior assessment, an inhibitory passive avoidance task was used.

Results:
Our results showed that animals in the kindled group took less time to enter dim hutch than control rats. There was a significant difference in step-through latency (STL) recorded from group of rats with PTZ-induced kindling treated with S. edmondi at concentrations 100 and 200 mg/kg and control rats, but differences between STL of PTZ-induced kindling animals treated with S. edmondi 400 mg/kg vs. control rats were not significant.

Conclusion:
In this study, we observed that PTZ induced impairing effects on passive avoidance memory; in contrast, administration of S. edmondi could abolish the impairment effect of epilepsy on memory.
Corneal topography and wavefront data changes in dry eye
Authors: Kasem Ahmed M. M. , Awara Amr M. , Shafik Heba M. , Shalaby Osama E. 
Published: December 2021

Background
Dry eye is a very common eye presentation nowadays due to extensive use of digital devices, so that it was important for us to see the impact of dry eye on corneal topography and wavefront data because it has a strong relation with refractive surgeries. In the past, it was hard to know the effect of dry eye on corneal parameters, but after the new medical technology, it is possible to do that.

Aim
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of dry eye on corneal topography and wavefront data.

Patients and methods
In total, 40 patients were included in this study with mild and moderate dry eye. Corneal topography and wavefront data were collected before and after treatment with artificial eye drops for 4 weeks.

Results
Eleven eyes show an increase in peak central corneal thickness after treatment from 1 up to 5 μm. Five eyes show changes in corneal volume after treatment. Eight eyes show a decrease in k1 after treatment. In total, 13 eyes show a decrease in k2 after treatment. Seven eyes show a decrease in root mean square values.

Conclusion
Dry eye can affect corneal topography increasing the higher order aberrations, so that screening for dry eye is important in the preoperative evaluation of refractive surgery candidates.
Contribution of polyol pathway, p16, and tristetraprolin to chemically induced liver injury
Authors: Refaat Esraa S. , Maria Reham A. , Keshk Walaa A. , Abdallah Ahmed A. 
Published: December 2021

Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common cause of mortality and morbidity related to cancer in Egypt. Garlic with its organosulfur content has the ability to lower the risk of certain cancers.

Aims
The aim was to see the importance of polyol pathway, redox status, p16, and RNA-binding protein tristetraprolin (TTP) in chemically induced liver injury and subsequent cancer in addition to the role played by garlic extract in chemoprevention.

Materials and methods
In total, 50 male rats were allocated in four groups at random. Group II received garlic extract (0.4 g/100 g body weight) by oral gavage, HCC was induced chemically in groups III and IV by single intraperitoneal dose of diethylnitrosamine (200 mg/kg body weight) and maintained on a weekly subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride (3 ml/kg body weight) for 10 weeks. Group IV received garlic extract in parallel with the induction. Hepatic p16 and TTP levels were immunoassayed. Moreover, hepatic function tests, aldose reductase activity, and redox status (malondialdehyde and catalase) were evaluated, in addition to the histological evaluation.

Results
Aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, hepatic malondialdehyde level, and aldose reductase activity were increased in the HCC group upon induction. Meanwhile, serum albumin, hepatic p16 and TTP level, and catalase activity were decreased. Garlic administration in parallel with the induction reverses the obtained biochemical changes and protected against chemical induction of HCC. Histological findings confirmed the laboratory results.

Conclusion
Garlic could protect against diethylnitrosamine/carbon tetrachloride −induced HCC and so it may be effective in protecting the liver against chemically induced hepatocyte damage and cancer.
Effects of caloric restriction on DNA damage response-mediated senescence in a rat model of D-galactose-induced brain aging
Authors: Elmasry Fatma E. , El-Deeb Omnia S. , Gaballah Hanaa H. , Abd Allah Ahmed A. 
Published: December 2021

Background
Aging is a multifaceted irreversible impairment of normal function. The exact pathogenesis of aging is still unclear. However, DNA damage, cell senescence, and oxidative stress emerged as the major contributing factors in aging development.

Aims
The goal of this study was to assess the defensive action of caloric restriction (CR) against D-galactose-induced brain aging in rats, pointing to its ability to modulate the levels of phosphorylated histone H2AX (DNA damage response marker) and p16 (senescence marker) and oxidative stress markers.

Materials and methods
This study was conducted on 48 male albino rats that were allocated into four groups: group І (control group), group II (dietary-restricted group), group IIІ (D-galactose group), and group IV (dietary-restricted and D-galactose group). All rats were subjected to measurement of brain tissue levels of p16 and phosphorylated histone H2AX by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique, while reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured colorimetrically. Additionally, Morris water-maze test was performed to all groups, as a neurobehavioral test.

Results
The levels of brain tissue p16, phosphorylated histone H2AX, and MDA were increased significantly in D-galactose-injected rats relative to control rats, while the levels of reduced GSH were significantly decreased in these rats. On the other hand, CR significantly decreased the brain tissue levels of p16, phosphorylated histone H2AX, and restored oxidative balance evidenced by alleviation of the levels of MDA and increasing reduced GSH levels.

Conclusion
These findings hold a great promise for CR as a possible neuroprotective intervention to delay age-related deterioration of brain function.