bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical phenotype in infants with negative Zika virus immunoglobulin M testing born to mothers with confirmed Zika virus infection during pregnancy
Authors: Godfred‐Cato Shana , Newton Suzanne , Adams Laura , Valencia‐Prado Miguel , Lake‐Burger Heather , Morrison Andrea , Jones Abbey M. , Olson Samantha M. , Roth Nicole M. , Tong Van T. , Gilboa Suzanne M. , Meaney Delman Dana , Honein Margaret A. , Staples Jennifer Erin , Moore Cynthia A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundRecommended testing for both infants with Zika‐associated birth defects (i.e., microcephaly and selected brain or eye anomalies) and infants without birth defects whose mothers had laboratory evidence of possible Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy includes nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) testing within days after birth. Brain and eye defects highly specific for congenital ZIKV infection have been described; sporadic reports have documented negative ZIKV testing in such infants.MethodsInfants from the U.S. Zika Pregnancy and Infant Registry and Zika Birth Defects Surveillance with Zika‐associated birth defects and maternal and infant laboratory testing for ZIKV and two congenital infections (i.e., cytomegalovirus [CMV] and toxoplasmosis) were reviewed for phenotype and laboratory results. Infants with at least one defect considered highly specific for congenital ZIKV infection were designated as having congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) clinical phenotype for this study.ResultsOf 325 liveborn infants with Zika‐associated birth defects and laboratory evidence of maternal ZIKV infection, 33 (10%) had CZS clinical phenotype; 172 (53%) had ZIKV IgM testing with negative or no ZIKV NAAT. ZIKV IgM was negative in the remaining 121 infants, and for 90%, testing for CMV and toxoplasmosis was missing/incomplete. Among 11 infants testing negative for ZIKV IgM, CMV, and toxoplasmosis, 2 infants had CZS clinical phenotype.ConclusionsThese data add support to previous reports of negative ZIKV IgM testing in infants with clear maternal and phenotypic evidence of congenital ZIKV infection. Follow‐up care consistent with the diagnosis is recommended regardless of infant ZIKV test results.
Exometabolome profiling reveals activation of the carnitine buffering pathway in fed‐batch cultures ofCHOcells co‐fed with glucose and lactic acid
Authors: Vappiani Johanna , Eyster Tom , Orzechowski Keegan , Ritz Diana , Patel Pramthesh , Sévin Daniel , Aon Juan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAdjustments to CHO cell physiology were recently observed during implementation of a Raman spectroscopy‐based glucose and lactate control strategy. To further understand how these cells, under monoclonal antibody (mAb) production conditions, utilized the extra lactic acid fed, we performed a comprehensive semi‐quantitative and time‐dependent analysis of the exometabolome. This study focused on the CHO cell's metabolic shift from the fifth day of culture. We compared relative levels of extracellular metabolites in the absence or presence of a 2 g/L lactic acid setpoint while glucose was kept at 4 g/L. Our hypothesis is that extra lactic acid would supply more pyruvate, favoring oxidative phosphorylation. We subsequentially uncovered several carnitine derivatives as biomarkers of the simultaneous activation of TCA anaplerotic pathways as well as a carbon‐buffering pathway. CHO cells exhibited a balance between intermediates from (i) amino acid catabolism, (ii) fatty acidβ‐oxidation, and (iii) pyruvate from glycolysis and lactic acid; and the secretion of their intermediate carnitine derivatives. In addition, 3‐hydroxy‐methyl‐glutaric acid (HMG) and mevalonate syntheses were found as biomarkers of alternative acyl group removal. Together, under a limited capacity to assimilate the surplus of acyl‐CoA groups as well as an ability to maintain the acyl‐CoA: free CoA ratio for proper and continuous functioning of the TCA cycle, CHO cells activate the carnitine‐buffering system, HMG, and mevalonate pathways.
Health services utilization, out‐of‐pocket expenditure, and underinsurance among insured non‐elderly cancer survivors in the United States, 2011–2015
Authors: Karim Mohammad A. , Singal Amit G. , Ohsfeldt Robert L. , Morrisey Michael A. , Kum Hye‐Chung 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundHigh out‐of‐pocket (OOP) expenditure and inadequate insurance coverage may adversely affect cancer survivors. We aimed to characterize the extent and correlates of healthcare utilization, OOP expenditures, and underinsurance among insured cancer survivors.MethodsWe used 2011–2015 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data to identify a nationally representative sample of insured non‐elderly adult (age 18–64 years) cancer survivors. We used negative binomial, two‐part (logistic and Generalized Linear Model with log link and gamma distribution), and logistic regression models to quantify healthcare utilization, OOP expenditures, and underinsurance, respectively, and identified sociodemographic correlates for each outcome.ResultsWe identified 2738 insured non‐elderly cancer survivors. Adjusted average utilization of ambulatory, non‐ambulatory, prescription medication, and dental services was 14.4, 0.51, 24.9, and 1.4 events per person per year, respectively. Higher ambulatory and dental services utilization were observed in older adults, females, non‐Hispanic Whites, survivors with a college degree and high income, compared to their counterparts. Nearly all (97.7%) survivors had some OOP expenditures, with a mean adjusted OOP expenditure of $1552 per person per year. Adjusted mean OOP expenditures for ambulatory, non‐ambulatory, prescription medication, dental, and other health services were $653, $161, $428, $194, and $83, respectively. Sociodemographic variations in service‐specific OOP expenditures were generally consistent with respective utilization patterns. Overall, 8.8% of the survivors were underinsured.ConclusionMany insured non‐elderly cancer survivors allocate a substantial portion of their OOP expenditure for healthcare‐related services and experience financial vulnerability, resulting in nearly 8.8% of the survivors being underinsured. Utilization of healthcare services varies across sociodemographic groups.
Group 15 and 16 Nitrene‐Like Pnictinidenes
Authors: Mitchell Erica C. , Wolf Mark E. , Turney Justin M. , Schaefer Henry F. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPnictinidenes are an increasingly relevant species in main group chemistry and generally exhibit proclivity for the triplet electronic ground state. However, the elusive singlet electronic states are often desired for chemical applications. We predict the singlet‐triplet energy differences (ΔEST=ESinglet−ETriplet) of simple group 15 and 16 substituted pnictinidenes (Pn−R; Pn=P, As, Sb, or Bi) with highly reliable focal‐point analyses targeting the CCSDTQ/CBS level of theory. The only cases we predict to have favorable singlet states are P−PH2 (−3.2 kcal mol−1) and P−NH2 (−0.2 kcal mol−1). ΔEST trends are discussed in light of the geometric predictions as well as qualitative natural bond order analysis to elucidate some of the important electronic structure features. Our work provides a rigorous benchmark for the ΔEST of fundamental Pn−R moieties and provides a firm foundation for the continued study of heavier pnictinidenes.
Tunable Photoswitching in Norbornadiene (NBD)/Quadricyclane (QC) – Fullerene Hybrids
Authors: Lorenz Patrick , Wullschläger Florian , Rüter Antonia , Meyer Bernd , Hirsch Andreas 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWith respect to molecular switches, initializing the quadricyclane (QC) to norbornadiene (NBD) back‐reaction by light is highly desirable. Our previous publication provided a unique solution for this purpose by utilizing covalently bound C60. In this work, the fundamental processes within these hybrids has been investigated. Variation of the linker unit connecting the NBD/QC moiety with the fullerene core is used as a tool to tune the properties of the resulting hybrids. Utilizing the Prato reaction, two unprecedented NBD/QC – fullerene hybrids having a long‐rigid and a short‐rigid linker were synthesized. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that this results in an average QC–C60 distance of up to 14.2 Å. By comparing the NBD–QC switching of these derivatives with the already established one having a flexible linker, valuable mechanistic insights were gained. Most importantly, spatial convergence of the QC moiety and the fullerene core is inevitable for an efficient back‐reaction.
Real‐life effectiveness of biological therapies on symptoms in severe asthma with comorbid CRSwNP
Authors: Mümmler Carlo , Dünzelmann Kristin , Kneidinger Nikolaus , Barnikel Michaela , Munker Dieter , Gröger Moritz , Canis Martin , Behr Jürgen , Koch Andrea , Haubner Frank , Milger Katrin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different antibody therapies on nasal polyp symptoms in patients treated for severe asthma.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of patients with severe asthma and comorbid CRSwNP who were treated with anti‐IgE, anti‐IL‐5/R or anti‐IL‐4R. CRSwNP symptom burden was evaluated before and after 6 months of therapy.ResultsFifty patients were included hereof treated with anti‐IgE: 9, anti‐IL‐5/R: 26 and anti‐IL‐4R: 15 patients. At baseline median SNOT‐20 was similar among groups (anti‐IgE: 55, anti‐IL‐5/R: 52 and anti‐IL‐4R: 56, p = 0.76), median visual analogue scale (VAS) for nasal symptoms was 4, 7 and 8 (p = 0.14) and VAS for total symptoms was higher in the anti‐IL‐4R group (4, 5 and 8, p = 0.002). After 6 months SNOT‐20 improved significantly in all patient groups with median improvement of anti‐IgE: −8 (p < 0.01), anti‐IL‐5/R: −13 (p < 0.001) and anti‐IL‐4R: −18 (p < 0.001), with larger improvement in the anti‐IL‐4R group than in anti‐IgE (p < 0.001) and anti‐IL‐5/R (p < 0.001) groups. VAS nasal symptoms improved by median anti‐IgE: 0 (n.s.), anti‐IL‐5/R: −1 (p < 0.01) and anti‐IL‐4R: −3 (p < 0.001), VAS total symptoms by anti‐IgE: −1 (n.s.), anti‐IL‐5/R: −2 (p < 0.001) and anti‐IL‐4R: −2 (p < 0.001).ConclusionsTreatment by all antibodies showed effectiveness in reducing symptoms of CRSwNP in patients with severe asthma, with the largest reduction observed in anti‐IL‐4R‐treated patients.
Concordance of human equilibrative nucleoside transporter‐1 expressions between murine (10D7G2) and rabbit (SP120) antibodies and association with clinical outcomes of adjuvant chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer: A collaborative study from the JASPAC 01 trial
Authors: Okamura Yukiyasu , Boku Narikazu , Ghaneh Paula , Greenhalf William , Yasukawa Satoru , Narimatsu Hiroto , Fukutomi Akira , Konishi Masaru , Morinaga Soichiro , Toyama Hirochika , Maeda Atsuyuki , Shimizu Yasuhiro , Nakamori Shoji , Sata Naohiro , Yamakita Keisuke , Takahashi Amane , Takayama Wataru , Yamaguchi Ryuzo , Tomikawa Moriaki , Yanagisawa Akio , Neoptolemos John P. , Uesaka Katsuhiko 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundExpression of human equilibrative nucleoside transporter‐1 (hENT1) is reported to predict survival of gemcitabine (GEM)‐treated patients. However, predictive values of immunohistochemical hENT1 expression may differ according to the antibodies, 10D7G2 and SP120.AimWe aimed to investigate the concordance of immunohistochemical hENT1 expression between the two antibodies and prognosis.MethodsThe subjects of this study were totally 332 whose formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded specimens and/or unstained sections were obtained. The individual H‐scores and four classifications according to the staining intensity were applied for the evaluation of hENT1 expression by 10D7G2 and SP120, respectively.ResultsThe highest concordance rate (79.8%) was obtained when the cut‐off between high and low hENT1 expression using SP120 was set between moderate and strong. There were no correlations of hENT1 mRNA level with H‐score (p = .258). Although the hENT1 mRNA level was significantly different among four classifications using SP120 (p = .011), there was no linear relationship among them. Multivariate analyses showed that adjuvant GEM was a significant predictor of the patients with low hENT1 expression using either 10D7G2 (Hazard ratio [HR] 2.39, p = .001) or SP120 (HR 1.84, p < .001). In contrast, agent for adjuvant chemotherapy was not significant predictor for the patients with high hENT1 expression regardless of the kind of antibody.ConclusionThe present study suggests that the two antibodies for evaluating hENT1 expression are equivalent depending on the cut‐off point and suggests that S‐1 is the first choice of adjuvant chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer with low hENT1 expression, whereas either S‐1 or GEM can be introduced for the pancreatic cancer with high hENT1 expression, no matter which antibody is used.
Carbon‐Based Composites as Anodes for Microbial Fuel Cells: Recent Advances and Challenges
Authors: Gao Xingyuan , Qiu Shuxian , Lin Ziting , Xie Xiangjuan , Yin Wei , Lu Xihong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractOwing to the low price, chemical stability and good conductivity, carbon‐based materials have been extensively applied as the anode in microbial fuel cells (MFCs). In this review, apart from the charge storage mechanism and anode requirements, the major work focuses on five categories of carbon‐based anode materials (traditional carbon, porous carbon, nano‐carbon, metal/carbon composite and polymer/carbon composite). The relationship is demonstrated in depth between the physicochemical properties of the anode surface/interface/bulk (porosity, surface area, hydrophilicity, partical size, charge, roughness, etc.) and the bioelectrochemical performances (electron transfer, electrolyte diffusion, capacitance, toxicity, start‐up time, current, power density, voltage, etc.). An outlook for future work is also proposed.
Study of the Parameters Impacting the Photocatalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide in Ionic Liquids
Authors: Peng Yulan , Szeto Kai C. , Santini Catherine C. , Daniele Stéphane 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by the CP2M laboratory at the University of Lyon (France). The image shows the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO in a bare ionic liquid (IL) medium after an initial CO2 pre‐activation step via the elaboration of an IL–carboxylate complex that bends the CO2. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/cptc.202100006.
Asymmetric coplanar strip‐fed electrically small reconfigurable 5G mid‐band antenna
Authors: Gunamony Shine Let , Bala G. Josemin , Raj S. Merlin Gilbert , Pratap C. Benin 
Published: July 2021

SummaryThis work aims to provide an electrically small reconfigurable antenna with modification in the radiating strip length to switch between 5G mid‐band and 4G band‐40 application. Initially, the length of the radiating strip is designed to operate at 3.5 GHz for 5G mid‐band applications. Using switch configuration, the length of the radiating strip is modified so that the antenna's resonant frequency shifts from 3.5 GHz to 2.32 GHz, which can be operated at 4G band‐40. The effective radiation remains the same at two resonant modes. In terms of size, the proposed antenna geometry is (16.5 × 10.5 × 1.6) mm3. The designed antenna with an electrical length of 0.7014 mm is electrically small in size in comparison with the works of literature. Antenna structure provides a gain of 0.69 dBi and 1.35 dBi at resonant frequencies 2.32 GHz and 3.5 GHz, respectively. The geometry of the antenna is straightforward, and the prototype is fabricated on a low‐profile FR4 substrate. The simulated results are validated experimentally.
Burrow webs: Clawing the surface of interactions with burrows excavated by American badgers
Authors: Andersen Megan L. , Bennett Drew E. , Holbrook Joseph D. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractEcosystem engineers are organisms that influence their environment, which includes alterations leading to habitat provisioning for other species. Perhaps the most well‐examined guild of species provisioning habitat for other species is tree cavity excavators or woodpeckers (Picidae). Many studies have examined the suite of secondary cavity users that rely on woodpeckers, and how the ecological network of secondary users, collectively referred to as the nest web, changes across communities. Despite similar habitat provisioning processes, fewer studies have assessed the suite of species associated with burrowers providing access to subterranean habitat. Here, we begin to characterize the burrow web provisioned by American badgers (Taxidea taxus) and evaluate the diversity and frequency of species interactions we detected at abandoned badger burrows in Wyoming, USA. We deployed camera traps at 23 badger burrows and identified interactions with the burrow by birds, mammals, and reptiles. Overall, we discovered 31 other species utilizing badger burrows, consisting of 12 mammals, 18 birds, and 1 reptile. Mammals, other than American badgers themselves and other fossorial species such as ground squirrels (Urocitellus sp.), frequently using burrows included mice (Peromyscus sp.), long‐tailed weasel (Mustela frenata), pygmy rabbit (Brachylagus idahoensis), and desert cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii). Of the 18 bird species detected, most accounted for <5% of overall detections, besides chipping sparrows (Spizella passerina) at 7.2%–11.5% of detections. The most common category of detection by bird species was foraging, contrary to mammals, which used the burrow frequently and were commonly observed entering and exiting the burrow. This work provides additional context on the ecological role of American badgers within their environment. More broadly, this work scratches the surface of many remaining questions to explore with the aim of advancing our understandings about burrow webs across the diversity of burrowing species and the communities in which they occur.
Layer‐specific global longitudinal strain and the risk of heart failure and cardiovascular mortality in the general population: the Copenhagen City Heart Study
Authors: Skaarup Kristoffer Grundtvig , Lassen Mats C.H. , Johansen Niklas D. , Sengeløv Morten , Marott Jacob L. , Jørgensen Peter G. , Jensen Gorm , Schnohr Peter , Prescott Eva , Søgaard Peter , Gislason Gunnar , Møgelvang Rasmus , Biering‐Sørensen Tor 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimsLayer‐specific global longitudinal strain (GLS) has been demonstrated to predict outcome in various patient cohorts. However, little is known regarding the prognostic value of layer‐specific GLS in the general population and whether different layers entail differential prognostic information. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prognostic value of whole wall (GLSWW), endomyocardial (GLSEndo), and epimyocardial (GLSEpi) GLS in the general population.Methods and resultsA total of 4013 citizens were included in the present study. All 4013 had two‐dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography performed and analysed. Outcome was a composite endpoint of incident heart failure and/or cardiovascular death. Mean age was 56 years and 57% were female. During a median follow‐up time of 3.5 years, 133 participants (3.3%) reached the composite outcome. Sex modified the relationship between all GLS parameters and outcome. In sex‐stratified analysis, no GLS parameter remained significant predictors of outcome in females. In contrast, GLSWW [hazard ratio (HR) 1.16, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02–1.31, per 1% decrease] and GLSEpi (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.04–1.38, per 1% decrease) remained as significant predictors of outcome in males after multivariable adjustment (including demographic, clinical, biochemistry, and echocardiographic parameters). Lastly, only in males did GLS parameters provide incremental prognostic information to general population risk models.ConclusionsIn the general population, sex modifies the prognostic value of GLS resulting in GLSEpi being the only layer‐specific prognosticator in males, while no GLS parameter provides independent prognostic information in females.
The epileptogenic zone in children with tuberous sclerosis complex is characterized by prominent features of focal cortical dysplasia
Authors: Hulshof Hanna M. , Benova Barbora , Krsek Pavel , Kyncl Martin , Lequin Maarten H. , Belohlavkova Anezka , Jezdik Petr , Braun Kees P. J. , Jansen Floor E. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivePatients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) present with drug‐resistant epilepsy in about 60% of cases, and evaluation for epilepsy surgery may be warranted. Correct delineation of the epileptogenic zone (EZ) among multiple dysplastic lesions on MRI represents a challenging step in pre‐surgical evaluation.MethodsTwo experienced neuroradiologists evaluated pre‐ and post‐surgical MRIs of 28 epilepsy surgery patients with TSC, assessing characteristics of tubers, cysts, calcifications, and focal cortical dysplasia (FCD)—resembling lesions. Utilizing multiple metrics, we compared MRI features of the EZ—defined as the resected area in TSC patients who achieved seizure‐freedom 2 years after epilepsy surgery—with features of other brain areas. Using combinatorial analysis, we identified combinations of dysplastic features that are most frequently observed in the epileptogenic zone in TSC patients.ResultsAll TSC‐associated dysplastic features were more frequently observed in the EZ than in other brain areas (increased cortical thickness, gray‐white matter blurring, transmantle sign, calcifications, and tubers; Kendal's tau 0.35, 0.25, 0.27, 0.26, and 0.23, respectively; P value <.001 in all). No single feature could reliably and independently indicate the EZ in all patients. Conversely, the EZ was indicated by the presence of the combination of three of the following features: tubers, transmantle sign, increased cortical thickness, calcifications, and the largest FCD‐affected area. Out of these, the largest FCD‐affected area emerged as the most reliable indicator of the EZ, combined either with calcifications or tubers.SignificanceThe epileptogenic zone in TSC patients harbors multiple dysplastic features, consistent with focal cortical dysplasia. A specific combination of these features can indicate the EZ and aid in pre‐surgical MRI evaluation in epilepsy surgery candidates with TSC.
P2‐K0.76Fe0.2Mg0.1Mn0.7O2made from earth‐abundant elements for rechargeable potassium ion battery
Authors: Feng Jie , Luo Shao‐hua , Yang Liu , Cai Kexing , Dou Yuxin , Wang Qing , Zhang Yahui , Liu Xin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDue to the large volume change, limited energy density, large safety problems, and other factors restricting the development of potassium ion battery in the process of charge and discharge, the research on the cathode materials of potassium ion battery is an indispensable part. In this article, we designed and predicted P2‐type structures by introducing “cationic potential” that captures the key interactions of the layered materials. The precursors of the designed potassium ion battery cathode materials were obtained by co‐precipitation method. Through component analysis, the experimental conditions most in line with the theoretical content of precursors were found. The cathode material was synthesized by solid phase method. This material has a highly reversible K+insertion/deinsertion effect. The initial discharge specific capacity of the battery appears at about 47 mAh/g. After 30 charge‐discharge cycle tests, the discharge specific capacity of the battery drops to about 33 mAh/g, and the retention rate is about 70%.