bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of oil palm trunk particles and composite density on the physical and mechanical properties of rigid polyurethane foam composite
Authors: Munawar S S , Widyanto C D , Hutahean L S , Purnomo D , Subiyanto B , Ismadi  , Syahrir A , Akbar F , Kosasih D P 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe oil palm trunk (OPT) particle was used as a filler for the manufacture of rigid polyurethane foam composites (RPUFC). The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of OPT particle content and variation of composite density on the physical and mechanical properties of RPUFC. The RPUFC was created with five different volume fractions of OPT particles (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 wt%) and three different composite densities (40, 50, 60 kg/m3). The OPT particles, polyols, and isocyanate were mixed, poured and formed in a closed mold. The moisture content (MC), water absorption (WA), compressive strength (CS), screw withdrawal (SW), and internal bonding strength (IB) properties were determined according to JIS A 5908-2003. The flexural strength (FS) properties were determined according to ASTM D790. The physical properties (MC, WA) were increased with increasing OPT particles in the RPUFC. The RPUFC with 2.5% OPT particle was higher in modulus of rupture, modulus of young and CS values compared to RPUFC control. The IB and SW values were increased when 2.5% OPT particles were added to RPUFC. The best PURFCs were produced with the addition of 2.5% particles at a density of 50 and 60 kg/m3.
Wettability and Treatability of Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) I.C. Nielsen) wood from NTB
Authors: Lestari A T , Wahyuningsih E , Syaputra M , Anwar H , Suparyana P K , Ritonga F N 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The supply of wood from natural forests is decreasing as a result of the imbalance between harvesting and planting. The lack of wood supply from natural forests has resulted in relatively expensive wood prices. This can be anticipated by using fast-growing wood species. One type of fast-growing wood which is very abundantly available in NTB is sengon wood (Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) I.C. Nielsen). However, sengon wood has low durability so it is easily attacked by wood-destroying organisms. This condition can be overcome by making efforts to prevent wood damage in the form of preservation. This study aims to determine the wettability and treatability properties of sengon wood. The results of this study are expected to be basic information to improve the quality of sengon wood. The wettability test was carried out by measuring the contact angle between the liquid and the sample surface using the sessile drop method and the wood durability testing was carried out by measuring the retention and penetration of preservatives. The treatability test was carried out by measuring the absorption, retention, and penetration of preservatives. The results showed that the wettability of sengon is high with an equilibrium contact angle (θe) of 16.88 in the radial section and 12.51 in the tangential section. This shows that sengon wood has a good adhesion system for preservation. Treatability of sengon wood showed that the average retention and penetration are 10,21 kg/m3 and 7,33 mm. Based on the results of these measurements, sengon wood has met SNI 03-5010.1-1999 (wood preservation for housing and buildings).
The Properties of OPEFB Cellulose Nanofibrils Produced by A Different Mode of Ultrafine Grinding
Authors: Amanda P , Nabila S , Qonita N , Ningrum R S , Ismadi  , Masruchin N 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCellulose Nanofibrils (CNFs) was resulted from deconstruction of the hierarchical structure of cellulose. CNFs are commonly obtained by mechanical fibrillation, such as ultrafine grinding processes and its variation. Nevertheless, the influence of different treatments on the properties of the resulting CNF especially from variety of ultrafine grinding mode has not been reported. This study investigates the properties of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) produced from bleached pulp oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) Kraft pulp through an ultrafine grinder with two different treatments in the fibrillation process. These two treatments were: 1) ultrafine grinder with increasing gaps distances; -30, -50, -70, and -90 µm with five cycles in every gap, 2) ultrafine grinder on constant gaps (-30µm) with increasing grinding cycles: 5, 10, 15, 30, and 40 cycles through the grinder. The influence of the treatment was evaluated through particle size distribution, crystallinity index, and morphological properties. The result showed that the increasing gaps treatment efficiently improved the size uniformity of CNFs, length 147-139.5 nm, and scanning electron microscope micrograph confirmed that the diameter of CNF was smaller with the increasing grinding gaps than increasing grinding cycles. However, the increasing cycle’s treatment produced CNF with a higher crystallinity index. The crystallinity index (CrI) of the CNF decreased from 71.27 to 62.25% with increasing gaps, whereas the CrI of the CNF from increasing cycles was 69.35%. This study provides a valuable guideline for determining the appropriate process to produce CNF especially by mechanical grinding using ultrafine grinder from OPEFB according to the desired result.
Biopellet from demineralized oil palm trunk
Authors: Wistara N J , Diputra P , Hendra D 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOil palm trunk (OPT) is a potential raw material for biopellet manufacturing. This study aimed to reduce the ash content of biopellet through pre-treatment with sulfuric acid. The moisture content, durability, ash content, density, and calorific values of the biopellet were determined according to DIN EN 14961-2 and 51731 standards. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated the presence of inter-particle interlocking in the highly durable biopellet. Thermal analysis indicated that the mass and water loss, hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin decomposition occurred at 76.12 ºC, 113.97-200 ºC, 310-360 ºC, and >400 ºC, respectively. Biopellet produced retained a moisture content of 3.40-8.90%, the durability of 97.75-99.38%, ash content after pre-treatment with H2SO4of 1.02-1.47%, control ash content of 2.20-3.31%, the density of 1.03-1.30 g/cm3, and the calorific value of 3954-4608 kcal/kg. The biopellet quality fulfilled the requirements of DIN EN 14961-2, 51731, and SNI 8021-2014 standard,except for the ash content of the control.
The Use of Marketing Monitoring Web System Application to Estimate Cempaka Wood Product Consumption Level in North Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Abdulah L , Irawan A , Arini D I D , Suryaningsih R 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Cempaka or Magnolia spp. is categorised into primary local wood mostly used by the people in North Sulawesi. Efforts to cultivate cempaka and supply of raw materials continue to be carried out. However, there is no measurement of consumption of cempaka wood at the industrial and household levels. This will threaten the existence of cempaka or cempaka cultivation is not attractive to the Minahasa community. The objective of this study was to obtain the information of consumption ratio of cempaka wood in North Sulawesi in household scale. This study was carried out for approximately eight months in Minahasa, South Minahasa, and North Minahasa. There are 13 industries of cempaka wood in household scale, and 99 respondents are gathered successfully. The study findings indicated that cempaka wood products identified were not only wooden houses construction but also furniture. Average consumption of cempaka wood products in North Sulawesi reached 0.17 m3/capita/annual. If the total population of North Sulawesi reached 2,5 million, the total consumption of cempaka timber was estimated to reach 435,000 m3 annually. With enormous demands for cempaka wood in North Sulawesi compared to its inefficient availability, it is recommended to promote more intensive cempaka plantation development in the region.
Land Use Conflict Mapping in Mount Rinjani National Park Pesangrahan Village East Lombok District
Authors: Ichsan A C , Anwar H , Aji I M L , Webliana K , Waru T , Febryano I G , Salampessy M L 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study aims to map the conflict in the use of forest resources in the area of Mount Rinjani National Park as an implication of the management model implemented, then formulate several alternative solutions to reduce the negative impact of the conflict. This research used a case study approach. The data collected in this research was through several data collection methods such as field observations, interviews using questionnaires, in-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussions, Participatory Rural Appraisal, and literature studies. Analysis of the data used in this study adopted the concept of dispute style analysis. Based on the results, using Analysis of Dispute Mode (AGATA), in the Pesangrahan village, the actors are divided into three categories, namely compromise, negotiation, and collaboration. The results also illustrate that there are still multiple interpretations related to the utilization of national park areas in the region, and thus, a definite collaboration mechanism is needed principle-based on principles of co-ownership, co-operation, and responsibility.
The experimental results of the geophysical pulse voltage generator
Authors: Gulyakov S A , Stovbun N S 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe paper is devoted to the development process of the geophysical pulse voltage generator. The peculiarity of the generator lies in the non-specific purpose of this type of construction. Its main function is the controlled effect on the active faults of seismically dangerous zones. The results of the field experiment with the constructed device from 2018 to 2020 are presented. During the experiments, estimations and theoretical analysis we have obtained the seismic noise recorded by means of molecular electronic instruments and determined the periods of the electrical pulses. Operational parameters of the generator were identified on the basis of experiment results. The software and hardware elements of the system were upgraded and, as a result, a new version of the geophysical pulse voltage generator was developed.
Dirty thunderstorms caused by volcano explosive eruptions in Kamchatka by the data of electromagnetic radiation
Authors: Malkin E I , Cherneva N V , Firstov P P , Druzhin G I , Sannikov D V 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
During volcano eruptions, so called dirty thunderstorms are the sources of electromagnetic radiation. They are caused by ash-gas clouds formed during explosive eruptions. Thunderstorm activity in an ash-gas cloud during volcano eruption is monitored by radio equipment. The VLF direction finder, located at Paratunka, monitors thunderstorm activity in the region of Kamchatka Peninsula including dirty thunderstorms accompanying explosive eruptions of Shiveluch and Bezymyanniy volcanoes. In the paper, we analyze records of electromagnetic radiation associated with dirty thunderstorms occurring during volcano eruptions from 2017 to 2020. During that period 24 eruptions of Shiveluch volcano and 5 eruptions of Bezymyanniy volcano occurred. Seventeen and three of them, respectively, caused dirty thunderstorms. Two-stage scenario of development is typical for all the dirty thunderstorms. The first stage lasts for 5–7 minutes and accompanies eruptive column development. However, if the eruption begins according to a smooth scenario, the first stage may be weak. The second stage lasts for 20–80 minutes and is associated with eruptive cloud formation and propagation. The intensity of this dirty thunderstorm stage depends on eruption power as well as on the interaction of an eruptive cloud during its propagation with the clouds of meteorological origin. Based on the obtained data, that is indicated by the increase of cloud-to-cloud stroke number.
Materials for the database on the largest lakes of the Kuril Islands (morphometry, genesis and geographic distribution)
Authors: Kozlov D N 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper presents generalized modern data on the location, morphometry, and genesis of the largest lake basins of the Kuril Islands, obtained in a series of expeditions of the laboratory of volcanology and volcanic hazard of the Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics FEB RAS in 2005–2020. The data is supplemented with modern geoinformation open access resources. A sample of the largest of 1099 Kuril lakes has been made according to the areal criterion, thus, 20 objects have been included in the list of studied water bodies, which are represented by 7 volcanic and 13 lagoon lakes. The considered lakes are clearly divided according to genesis, area and height of the mirror, maximum depth, as well as the ratio of the main morphometric characteristics. This information is part of a database currently being created on the largest lakes in the region.
Accumulative landforms in valleys with gas-hydrothermal manifestations of the Kuril-Kamchatka region
Authors: Lebedeva E V , Zharkov R V 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Within the watercourse valleys of geothermal zones, where manifestations of gas-hydrothermal activity are noted, the processes of relief formation are accompanied by chemical and thermal effects. Thermal waters contribute to the formation of specific accumulative landforms both directly in the channel and in the bottom and on the sides of river valleys. Similar phenomena have been studied in river valleys draining the slopes of the Mendeleev volcano (Kunashir Island), Baransky volcano (Iturup Island), Mutnovsky volcano and Uzon-Geyzernaya caldera (Kamchatka). The typification of accumulative relief forms is carried out, the influence of gas-hydrothermal manifestations on fluvial and slope processes is determined.
Possibility of using satellite-based monitoring for large-scale mapping and research of dynamics of mud volcanic landscapes
Authors: Kopanina A V , Shvidskaya K A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Currently Earth remote probing to study vegetation dynamics and monitor volcanic activity is of great scientific interest. The purpose of this study is to create a large-scale outline map of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk mud volcano which will include the topography objects, mud fields of eruptions of various years and gryphons, and to perform semi-automatic classification of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk mud volcano. Work was performed with QGIS software using the following modules: «QuickMapServices», «Freehandrastergeoreference», «LatLanTools», and «Semi-AutomaticClassificationPlugin». We developed an outline map of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk mud volcano on a scale of 1:10000, which shows how the mud flows have changed directions over the last 70 years, as well as mud fields have been formed over the last 20 years. Using semi-automatic classification of satellite images from Sentinel-2A satellite in various color channel sets, we obtained two premaps of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk mud volcano vegetation on a scale of 1:50 000. Satellite monitoring of YuSMV activity allows us to track the eruptive activity of the volcano, and assess its impact on vegetation.
Trophic migrations of the brown bear in the forest landscapes of the Vostochny Nature Reserve on Sakhalin Island
Authors: Nikulina I V , Sabirov R N 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The article deals with trophic migrations of the brown bear in the characteristic forest landscapes of the Vostochny Nature Reserve. Active life of a bear in the reserve begins after hibernation and is directly related to foraging in different seasons of the year. In the spring-early summer period, bears concentrate in valley forest complexes and coastal-marine landscapes, where, along with plant food, they obtain various products of animal origin thrown out of the sea. During the summer period, from the beginning of the course of salmon and until the end of their spawning, the animals mainly live in the mouths of rivers, and as the fish move, they go upstream and are distributed among their numerous tributaries. During the autumn period, bears concentrate mainly in mountainous forest landscapes and high-altitude natural complexes of the reserve, where they eat ripe berries and pine nuts, their trophic migrations are significantly reduced.
Application of local Monte Carlo method in neutronics calculation of EAST radial neutron camera
Authors: HUANG Liangsheng , HU Liqun , NIU Luying , ZHOU Mengjie , HONG Bing , LI Kai , ZHANG Ruixue , ZHONG Guoqiang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The Local Monte Carlo (LMC) method is used to solve the problems of deep penetration and long time in the neutronics calculation of the radial neutron camera (RNC) diagnostic system on the experimental advanced superconducting tokamak (EAST), and the radiation distribution of the RNC and the neutron flux at the detector positions of each channel are obtained. Compared with the results calculated by the global variance reduction method, it is shown that the LMC calculation is reliable within the reasonable error range. The calculation process of LMC is analyzed in detail, and the transport process of radiation particles is simulated in two steps. In the first step, an integrated neutronics model considering the complex window environment and a neutron source model based on EAST plasma shape are used to support the calculation. The particle information on the equivalent surface is analyzed to evaluate the rationality of settings of equivalent surface source and boundary. Based on the characteristic that only a local geometric model is needed in the second step, it is shown that the LMC is an advantageous calculation method for the nuclear shielding design of tokamak diagnostic systems.
Stereotypes, conditions and binaries: Analysing processes of social disqualification towards children and parents living in precarity
Authors: Jacquet Nicolas , Van Haute Dorien , Schiettecat Tineke , Roets Griet 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn contemporary European welfare states, poverty reduction strategies can currently be characterised as individualistic rather than solidaristic, focusing on welfare recipients’ merit rather than securing their rights. Based on the findings of a recent research project in Belgium, we explore how social workers develop strategies to combat child poverty in local municipalities. Inspired by the work of the critical French scholars Robert Castel and Serge Paugam, our qualitative analysis reveals how social workers construct stereotypes, conditions and binaries between ‘deserving’ and ‘undeserving’ poor in their everyday practice. Our results elucidate how social workers strengthen processes of social disqualification when they support children and sanction parents living in poverty. Interestingly, our analysis also shows how social work takes a critical stance in relation to the recent shifts in the normative value orientation of social policy and social work.
Shared brain transcriptomic signature in TDP-43 type A FTLD patients with or without GRN mutations
Authors: Pottier Cyril , Mateiu Ligia , Baker Matthew C , DeJesus-Hernandez Mariely , Teixeira Vicente Cristina , Finch NiCole A , Tian Shulan , van Blitterswijk Marka , Murray Melissa E , Ren Yingxue , Petrucelli Leonard , Oskarsson Björn , Biernacka Joanna M , Graff-Radford Neill R , Boeve Bradley F , Petersen Ronald C , Josephs Keith A , Asmann Yan W , Dickson Dennis W , Rademakers Rosa 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 inclusions (FTLD-TDP) is a complex heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder for which mechanisms are poorly understood.
To explore transcriptional changes underlying FTLD-TDP, we performed RNA-sequencing on 66 genetically unexplained FTLD-TDP patients, 24 FTLD-TDP patients with GRN mutations and 24 control participants. Using principal component analysis, hierarchical clustering, differential expression and coexpression network analyses, we showed that GRN mutation carriers and FTLD-TDP-A patients without a known mutation shared a common transcriptional signature that is independent of GRN loss-of-function. After combining both groups, differential expression as compared to the control group and coexpression analyses revealed alteration of processes related to immune response, synaptic transmission, RNA metabolism, angiogenesis and vesicle-mediated transport. Deconvolution of the data highlighted strong cellular alterations that were similar in FTLD-TDP-A and GRN mutation carriers with NSF as a potentially important player in both groups. We propose several potentially druggable pathways such as the GABAergic, GDNF and sphingolipid pathways.
Our findings underline new disease mechanisms and strongly suggest that affected pathways in GRN mutation carriers extend beyond GRN and contribute to genetically unexplained forms of FTLD-TDP-A.
Precision medicine in stroke: towards personalized outcome predictions using artificial intelligence
Authors: Bonkhoff Anna K , Grefkes Christian 
Published: December 2021

AbstractStroke ranks among the leading causes for morbidity and mortality worldwide. New and continuously improving treatment options such as thrombolysis and thrombectomy have revolutionized acute stroke treatment in recent years. Following modern rhythms, the next revolution might well be the strategic use of the steadily increasing amounts of patient-related data for generating models enabling individualized outcome predictions. Milestones have already been achieved in several health care domains, as big data and artificial intelligence have entered everyday life.The aim of this review is to synoptically illustrate and discuss how artificial intelligence approaches may help to compute single-patient predictions in stroke outcome research in the acute, subacute and chronic stage. We will present approaches considering demographic, clinical and electrophysiological data, as well as data originating from various imaging modalities and combinations thereof. We will outline their advantages, disadvantages, their potential pitfalls and the promises they hold with a special focus on a clinical audience. Throughout the review we will highlight methodological aspects of novel machine-learning approaches as they are particularly crucial to realize precision medicine. We will finally provide an outlook on how artificial intelligence approaches might contribute to enhancing favourable outcomes after stroke.