bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nível de satisfação como diferencial: um estudo de caso em cooperativa de crédito no Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Miranda Belarmino Obedias , Forest Marlene 
Published: February 2021

Este artigo visa identificar e analisar o nível de satisfação dos associados de uma cooperativa de crédito, em relação ao atendimento, produtos e serviços prestados por esta unidade. A satisfação dos associados é uma das principais formas das cooperativas de crédito conquistarem mercado, ocorrendo a partir da captação e relacionamento. Cooperados exigentes movem as cooperativas a buscar aprimorar seu conhecimento e qualidade, tendo como principal objetivo a satisfação. Para tanto se realizou um estudo de caso na cooperativa, identificando através de entrevistas com os associados seu nível de satisfação. Na realização do estudo utilizaram-se os métodos exploratório e descritivo, os dados foram analisados de forma qualitativa e quantitativa. Os resultados demonstram um bom índice de satisfação dos associados, o atendimento é considerado como um diferencial apresentando cerca de 90% de avaliação positiva. Em relação aos produtos e serviços comprovou-se ser adequada a demanda, já que 90% dos associados avaliam serem ótimos e excelentes, de modo geral os associados estão satisfeitos com a cooperativa, porém existem pontos que devem ser melhorados.
Ativos e aportes do cooperativismo ao desenvolvimento regional: um olhar regional, do local para o global.
Authors: BÜTTENBENDER PEDRO LUÍS , Sparemberger Ariosto , Zamberlan Luciano , Perdonsini Dionatan , Büttenbender Bruno Nonnemacher 
Published: February 2021

Este estudo versa sobre o cooperativismo e seus impactos no desenvolvimento, tomando por base uma região. O objetivo desse estudo é o de mapear ativos e aportes positivos no processo de desenvolvimento da região Missões-Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Em termos de metodologia, a pesquisa caracteriza-se como estudo de caso, qualitativa, documental e de campo, de natureza exploratória e descritiva (STUMPF, 2005). As fontes abrangem documentos, publicações, entrevistas, observação direta e pesquisa participante. O estudo reconhece as desigualdades inter e intrarregionais, destacando a região Missões-Noroeste, e o cooperativismo ao longo da evolução tem jogado papel importante no processo de desenvolvimento da região. O estudo confirma que as prioridades e ações das cooperativas, com limitadas práticas de intercooperação e de agregação de valor as cadeias produtivas, poderiam ser significativamente maiores. Apesar de algumas limitações e dificuldades, as cooperativas vem cumprindo com os fundamentos da sua própria natureza que é o de contribuir com a dinâmica e no processo de desenvolvimento econômico e social da região.
A novel perceptual two layer image fusion using deep learning for imbalanced COVID-19 dataset
Authors: Elzeki Omar M. , Abd Elfattah Mohamed , Salem Hanaa , Hassanien Aboul Ella , Shams Mahmoud 
Published: February 2021

Background and PurposeCOVID-19 is a new strain of viruses that causes life stoppage worldwide. At this time, the new coronavirus COVID-19 is spreading rapidly across the world and poses a threat to people’s health. Experimental medical tests and analysis have shown that the infection of lungs occurs in almost all COVID-19 patients. Although Computed Tomography of the chest is a useful imaging method for diagnosing diseases related to the lung, chest X-ray (CXR) is more widely available, mainly due to its lower price and results. Deep learning (DL), one of the significant popular artificial intelligence techniques, is an effective way to help doctors analyze how a large number of CXR images is crucial to performance.Materials and MethodsIn this article, we propose a novel perceptual two-layer image fusion using DL to obtain more informative CXR images for a COVID-19 dataset. To assess the proposed algorithm performance, the dataset used for this work includes 87 CXR images acquired from 25 cases, all of which were confirmed with COVID-19. The dataset preprocessing is needed to facilitate the role of convolutional neural networks (CNN). Thus, hybrid decomposition and fusion of Nonsubsampled Contourlet Transform (NSCT) and CNN_VGG19 as feature extractor was used.ResultsOur experimental results show that imbalanced COVID-19 datasets can be reliably generated by the algorithm established here. Compared to the COVID-19 dataset used, the fuzed images have more features and characteristics. In evaluation performance measures, six metrics are applied, such as QAB/F, QMI, PSNR, SSIM, SF, and STD, to determine the evaluation of various medical image fusion (MIF). In the QMI, PSNR, SSIM, the proposed algorithm NSCT + CNN_VGG19 achieves the greatest and the features characteristics found in the fuzed image is the largest. We can deduce that the proposed fusion algorithm is efficient enough to generate CXR COVID-19 images that are more useful for the examiner to explore patient status.ConclusionsA novel image fusion algorithm using DL for an imbalanced COVID-19 dataset is the crucial contribution of this work. Extensive results of the experiment display that the proposed algorithm NSCT + CNN_VGG19 outperforms competitive image fusion algorithms.
Application of Date Seeds Powder as Growth Additive for Callus Induction in vitro Using Vigna radiata Hypocotyl Seedling Explant
Authors: Reddy Salla Hemadri , Maskari Ibtihal Sultan Al , Alrubkhi Shaima Eid , Alkindi Shamsa Sulaiman 
Published: February 2021

Date seeds (Phoenix dectylifera) are one of the seeds that is not usable and always end to be disposed. The present study describes date seeds as an additive on callus induction in vitro from hypocotyl explants of Vigna radiata. The objective is to explore the usage of date seed powder as growth additive to promote in plant tissue culture media thereby it can be utilized as fertilizer in vivo for sustainable agriculture. 1% concentrations of date seed powder under controlled conditions highly influenced the callus induction. MS media supplied with different auxins is prepared for callus induction. The highest degree of callus weight was observed in MS media supplemented with (5mg/L) 2, 4-D + (0.5 mg/L) Kn (0.437±0.1). MS media supplied with different concentrations of date seed powder + (5mg/L) 2,4-D + (0.5 mg/L) Kn are prepared for callus induction under controlled conditions (16hrs light and 8hrs dark, 3000 lux light intensity,60% humidity and 25±20c) in a plant growth chamber. MS media supplied with 1% date seed + 3% sucrose + 0.5 mg/l of Kn +5 mg/l of 2,4D gave the highest stimulation of callus growth. Results show that date seed is not replacing sucrose as a carbon source, but it acts as a good additive to promote induction callus. Quantitative nutritional analysis of date seed powder was carried out. The results show date seed powder contains a high amount of elements like: Ca (2994.33), k (1712.33), Si (456.33), Mg (687.33), which plays a major role in callus formation.
Association between bullying victimization and e‐cigarette use among German students
Authors: Hansen Julia , Morgenstern Matthis , Isensee Barbara , Galimov Artur , Hanewinkel Reiner 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study examined the association between bullying victimization and e‐cigarette use. Data from a 2019–2020 German student survey were used (N = 16,476). The target population consisted of students enrolled in grades 5–10, with a mean age of 13.1 years (SD = 1.8), and equal gender distribution (49.5% female). Mixed‐effect multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the association between bullying victimization (attacked physically, assaulted verbally, experienced relational bullying, sexual harassment, cyberbullying) and current e‐cigarette use. The multivariable analysis controlled for age, sex, sensation‐seeking, socioeconomic status, school performance, type of school attended, and substance use (current cigarette smoking, hookah smoking, and alcohol drinking). Overall 510 (3.7%) students reported current use of e‐cigarettes. The odds for using e‐cigarettes increased each step of being bullied from “never,” “rarely,” “sometimes,” “once a week,” to “several times a week” by 2.03 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.81, 2.29) in the unadjusted model, and by 1.46 (95% CI: 1.24, 1.71) in the covariate‐adjusted model. Data indicate an empirical association between victimization and e‐cigarette use among German students. Design limitations prevent the conclusion of a causal relationship, calling for well‐designed longitudinal studies to investigate the temporal sequence between victimization and e‐cigarette use.
Successful transcatheter treatment for very late migration of a transcatheter aortic valve into the left ventricular outflow tract
Authors: Hale Seth M. , Jessen Michael , Banerjee Subhash , Kumbhani Dharam J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAlthough rare, embolization or migration of transcatheter aortic valves into the left ventricle has been described. We report a case of very late migration of an Edwards Sapien XT (Edwards Lifescience Corporation, Irvine, California) valve that was placed 4 years prior to the development of recurrent severe aortic stenosis with the transcatheter heart valve situated below the native stenotic aortic valve in the left ventricular outflow tract. The management options in this scenario, and outline how they successfully treated this challenging case with transfemoral TAV‐in‐TAV have also been discussed.
Bipolar Redox‐Active Molecules in Non‐Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries: Status and Challenges
Authors: Li Min , Case Julia , Minteer Shelley D. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this Review, recent advances in the development of organic bipolar redox‐active molecules (BRMs) for redox‐flow batteries (RFBs) are discussed, with special emphasis on their utilization in non‐aqueous systems. BRMs are single molecules that can be used as both anolyte and catholyte. Their unique redox chemistry enables identical components to be present in RFBs, which has distinct advantages in storage, mitigating crossover and compound degradation. Recent scientific innovations have uncovered three main strategies in preparing these bipolar species: developing stable radicals that are capable of both positive and negative redox reactions, covalently bridging electron donor‐acceptor motifs on one single molecule, and forming biredox eutectic mixtures through physically mixing active components. These approaches not only enabled symmetric flow battery design, but also resulted in electroactive materials with improved properties such as solubility, stability, and cell voltage. Nevertheless, much is still to be done. Importantly, developing BRMs that are competitive with vanadium RFBs in all performance indicators (e. g. solubility >1.0 M, voltage output >2.0 V, and cycling longevity >10 000 cycles) remains a challenge. Mechanistic studies including molecular dynamics, plausible degradation processes, and electrode/solution interface are necessary to peer into key parameters that dominate their battery performance. Accordingly, we review the current status and suggest future opportunities in these areas.
Hybrid Photocathodes for Carbon Dioxide Reduction: Interfaces for Charge Separation and Selective Catalysis
Authors: Garcia Osorio Dora Alicia , Neri Gaia , Cowan Alexander J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLight‐driven carbon dioxide reduction at photocathodes was first reported over 40 years ago, however the efficiency and stability of the state‐of‐the‐art lies behind water splitting photocathodes and photoanodes. Issues have included the low selectivities towards carbon dioxide reduction (versus hydrogen evolution) and short charge separation lifetimes. “Hybrid” photocathodes, where a light absorbing semiconductor is used with a selective molecular electrocatalyst, are now emerging as a promising way to address these issues. Here we provide a review of hybrid photoelectrodes reported for CO2 reduction. Focusing on the semiconductor/molecular catalyst interface, we evaluate the operating principles and design features of the materials reported to date and propose new directions for the field.
Early life stress sensitizes youth to the influence of stress‐induced cortisol on memory for affective words
Authors: Kuhlman Kate R. , Mayer Stefanie E. , Vargas Ivan , Lopez‐Duran Nestor L. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEarly life stress (ELS) is a well‐established risk factor for psychopathology across the lifespan. Cognitive vulnerability to stress‐induced cortisol may explain risk and resilience. The current study aimed to elucidate a psychobiological pathway linking stress to altered memory for affective words among youth with and without exposure to ELS. One hundred and fifteen youth (ages 9–16, 47% female) were randomized either to a psychosocial stressor or a control condition. Immediately following the stress or control condition, participants completed a memory task for affective words. Change in salivary cortisol from immediately before to 25 min after stress onset were used to predict memory for affective words. Exposure to the acute laboratory stressor led to activation of the HPA axis. Greater cortisol reactivity was associated with less accurate recognition of negative valence words. Among youth exposed to ELS, greater cortisol reactivity to acute stress was associated with poorer recognition of dysphoric and neutral words. Acute increases in cortisol may interfere with negatively‐valenced information processing that has implications for memory. Youth exposed to high ELS may be particularly vulnerable to the effects of cortisol, which may explain one pathway through which stress leads to psychopathology among at‐risk youth.
Variation in disturbance to a foundation species structures the dynamics of a benthic reef community
Authors: Detmer A. Raine , Miller Robert J. , Reed Daniel C. , Bell Tom W. , Stier Adrian C. , Moeller Holly V. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDisturbance and foundation species can both have strong impacts on ecosystem structure and function, but studies of their interacting effects are hindered by the long life spans and slow growth of most foundation species. Here, we investigated the extent to which foundation species may mediate the impacts of disturbance on ecological communities, using the kelp forest ecosystem as a study system. Giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) grows rapidly and experiences wave disturbance from winter storms. We developed and analyzed a model of the effects of variable storm regimes on giant kelp population dynamics and of the cascading effects on kelp‐mediated competition between benthic community members in kelp forests. Simulations of severe storm regimes resulted in a greater abundance of understory macroalgae and a lower abundance of sessile invertebrates than did milder regimes. Both the cascading effects of periodic loss of giant kelp as well as the degree to which storms directly impacted the benthos (in the form of scouring) influenced the outcome of competition between benthic community members. The model’s qualitative predictions were consistent with empirical data from a 20‐yr time series of community dynamics, suggesting that interannual variability in disturbance that affects giant kelp abundance can have strong consequences for benthic community structure. Our findings point to the value of long‐term studies in elucidating the interacting effects of disturbance and foundation species.
Gas Generation Mechanism in Li‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Zhao Huajun , Wang Jun , Shao Huaiyu , Xu Kang , Deng Yonghong 
Published: February 2021

Gas generation induced by parasitic reactions in lithium‐metal batteries (LMB) has been regarded as one of the fundamental barriers to the reversibility of this battery chemistry, which occurs via the complex interplays among electrolytes, cathode, anode, and the decomposition species that travel across the cell. In this work, a novel in situ differential electrochemical mass spectrometry is constructed to differentiate the speciation and source of each gas product generated either during cycling or during storage in the presence of cathode chemistries of varying structure and nickel contents. It unambiguously excludes the trace moisture in electrolyte as the major source of hydrogen and convincingly identifies the layer‐structured NCM cathode material as the source of instability that releases active oxygen from the lattice at high voltages when NCM experiences H2 → H3 phase transition, which in turn reacts with carbonate solvents, producing both CO2 and proton at the cathode side. Such proton in solvated state travels across the cell and becomes the main source for hydrogen generated at the anode side. Mechanisms are proposed to account for these irreversible reactions, and two electrolyte additives based on phosphate structure are adopted to mitigate the gas generation based on the understanding of the above decomposition chemistries.
An improved batch fluidized drying experimental design based on digital sensors and a minicomputer
Authors: Cui Lin , Peng Yong , Ding Li , Lu Diannan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn most undergraduate programs of chemical engineering in Chinese universities, the batch fluidized bed drying (BFBD) experiment is commonly adopted as a part of the experimental course of chemical engineering unit operation. In those BFBD experiments, the students should dry the material in a dryer, repeatedly sample and measure it outside to get its moisture content. In most cases, each sampling and measuring operation needs more than 5 min. The BFBD drying experiment conducted in that manner cannot obtain adequate, accurate data, making it difficult for the student to perform proper calculation and data analysis. In this article, the authors build a small BFBD prototype equipment and mount a set of digital temperature/humidity sensors. Then they use a Raspberry Pi 3, a kind of mini‐computer, to automatically measure and record the process parameters values online. Aided by those modern information process methods, the data accuracy and amount are all enhanced. Based on the gotten big data set, the student can get much more accurate results and do a more thorough analysis. The data analysis based on the old BFBD equipment is too straightforward and simple because it only needs the mass balance calculations. On the contrary, although the new BFBD equipment adopts an indirect way to measure the drying process, it obtains much more accurate results than before. The students must also apply more theories to get the results, such as mass transmission, the thermal balance, which makes the experiment more comprehensive. That is meaningful and helps to achieve the objectives of the chemical engineering experiments.
Monitoring of hepatitis E virus RNA during treatment for chronic hepatitis E virus infection after renal transplantation
Authors: Affeldt Patrick , Di Cristanziano Veronica , Grundmann Franziska , Wirtz Maike , Kaiser Rolf , Benzing Thomas , Stippel Dirk , Kann Martin , Kurschat Christine 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundRecently, chronic hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections gained increasing attention as a possible cause for elevated liver enzymes of unknown origin and liver cirrhosis in solid organ transplant recipients. Reduction of immunosuppressive therapy and/or use of antiviral drug ribavirin have been established as possible treatment strategies.MethodsThe efficacy of dose reduction of mycophenolic acid (MPA) and ribavirin therapy was retrospectively analyzed in eight renal transplant patients of our outpatient clinic who were diagnosed with HEV infection by detection of specific antibodies (immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G) and/or positive RNA in blood and stool. In four patients serial HEV viral loads in blood were measured.ResultsOnly one patient reached HEV clearance after reduction of immunosuppressive therapy (predominantly reduction of MPA daily dose) alone, whereas six patients were treated with ribavirin after reduction of immunosuppressive therapy due to persistent virus replication. Four of six patients reached HEV clearance after 3 months of ribavirin therapy. HEV clearance was observed after 34–42 days. Two patients, both treated with rituximab within the last 12 months before diagnosis of HEV infection, needed prolonged ribavirin therapy due to persistent viral replication.ConclusionReduction of daily dose of MPA therapy alone in transplant patients with chronic HEV infection may not be sufficient to control viral replication. HEV clearance under ribavirin therapy shows interindividual variability. Therefore, serial viral monitoring may be useful to personalize treatment duration. Rituximab therapy is a risk factor for complicated‐to‐treat chronic HEV infection.
SiO2 stimulates macrophage stress to induce the transformation of lung fibroblasts into myofibroblasts and its relationship with the sphingomyelin metabolic pathway
Authors: Liu Jing , Guan Lan , Wang Erjin , Schuchman Edward H. , He Xingxuan , Zeng Ming 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSilicosis is a serious occupational disease with the highest incidence in China. However, its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. Studies have shown that the sphingomyelin signaling pathway may play an important role in different fibrotic diseases but its role in silicosis‐mediated fibrosis is still unclear. In this study, the supernatant of human peripheral blood mononuclear cell line (THP‐1)‐derived macrophages exposed to silica (SiO2) was used to stimulate the transformation of human embryonic lung fibroblast cell line (HFL‐1) into myofibroblasts, and the intervention effect of recombinant human acid ceramidase (rAC) was observed. The results showed that SiO2 stimulated the production of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde in the supernatant of THP‐1‐derived macrophages and increased the secretion of TGF‐β1, TNF‐α, and IL‐8. In addition, we found that the expression levels of α‐SMA, FN, Col I, and Col III in HFL‐1 cells increased. Meanwhile, the activities of ASMase and ACase and the expression levels of Cer, Sph, and S1P were increased. Intervention by rAC can suppress these changes to different degrees. In conclusion, the present study shows that SiO2 dust poisoning may stimulate HFL‐1 cell differentiation into myofibroblasts by inducing oxidative stress in THP‐1‐derived macrophages, thereby promoting the secretion of a variety of inflammatory factors and activating the sphingolipid signaling pathway in HFL‐1 cells. Exogenous rAC can effectively interfere with the stimulation of HFL‐1 cells by silica in vitro.