bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of preterm pre‐eclampsia according to NICE and ACOG criteria: descriptive study of 597 492 Danish births from 2008 to 2017
Authors: Rode L. , Ekelund C. K. , Riishede I. , Rasmussen S. , Lidegaard Ø. , Tabor A. 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe aim of this national study was to examine the incidence of preterm pre‐eclampsia (PE) and the proportion of women with risk factors for PE, according to the criteria suggested by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), during a 10‐year period in Denmark.MethodsData from The Danish National Patient Registry and the Danish Medical Birth Registry were used to obtain the incidence of preterm PE with delivery < 37 weeks' gestation and risk factors for PE for all deliveries in Denmark from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2017. The proportion of women with at least one high‐risk factor and/or at least two moderate‐risk factors for PE, according to the NICE and ACOG criteria, and the detection rate for preterm PE were examined. Race, socioeconomic status and the woman's weight at birth were not available from the registries used, and information on Type‐2 diabetes was found to be invalid.ResultsOf the 597 492 deliveries during the study period, any PE was registered in 3.2%, preterm PE < 37 weeks in 0.7% and early‐onset PE < 34 weeks' gestation in 0.3%. These proportions remained largely unchanged from 2008 to 2017. Overall, the NICE criteria were fulfilled in 7.5% of deliveries and the ACOG criteria in 17.3%. In the total population, the NICE criteria identified 47.6% of those with preterm PE and the ACOG criteria identified 60.5%. The current criteria for offering aspirin treatment in Denmark largely correspond to having at least one NICE high‐risk factor. In 2017, a total of 3.5% of deliveries had at least one NICE high‐risk factor, which identified 28.4% of cases that later developed preterm PE.ConclusionsThe incidence of preterm PE remained largely unchanged in Denmark from 2008 to 2017. Prediction of PE according to high‐risk maternal factors could be improved by addition of moderate‐risk factors. © 2021 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Epidemiological study of congenital malformations of the vertebral column in French bulldogs, English bulldogs and pugs
Authors: Lackmann Felix , Forterre Franck , Brunnberg Leo , Loderstedt Shenja 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundCongenital vertebral body malformations (CVBMs) have retrospectively been investigated in British and American canine populations. This study prospectively evaluates occurrence, localization, type and characteristic of CVBM along the entire vertebral column in a cohort of French Bulldogs, English Bulldogs and Pug dogs from Germany.MethodsProspective clinical and radiological screenings for CVBM were performed in brachycephalic dogs presented for reasons unrelated to neurological problems. Neurological and orthopaedic examinations as well as radiographs in two orthogonal planes of the entire vertebral column including the tail were performed in all dogs. Cobb angle and vertebral step were determined. Associations between CVBM, tail malformation, neurological deficits and occurrence of concurrent orthopaedic diseases were investigated.ResultsA total of 707 VBMs were identified in the whole vertebral column of 169 of 265 brachycephalic dogs. The most common types of CVBMs were ventral wedge shape (48%), dorsal wedge shape (14%) and shortened vertebral body (14%). A new type of malformation was investigated: dorsal wedge shape vertebrae. There was significant association between severe tail malformations with CVBM. Neurological deficits were significantly associated with ventrolateral wedge shape, dorso lateral hemivertebrae, Cobb angle > 30% and vertebral step ≥1.75 mm. Orthopaedic conditions were not significantly associated with CVBM.ConclusionKyphotic Cobb angle and vertebral step are radiological findings associated with neurological deficits. We propose severe tail malformation as an easy and accurate selection factor for determining breeding dogs.
Prevalence of porcine respiratory pathogens in slaughterhouses in Shanxi Province, China
Authors: Yue Weidong , Liu Yihui , Meng Yukai , Ma Haili , He Junping 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundPorcine respiratory diseases remain the biggest challenge in pig‐based food production and are a public health concern. Despite control measures, persistent outbreaks have been reported worldwide.ObjectiveTo establish an early detection mechanism for pig farm disease outbreaks based on slaughterhouse risk and environmental assessment.MethodsWe investigated the prevalence and risk factors of porcine respiratory disease‐causing pathogens including Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (MHP), porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and Haemophilus parasuis (HPS). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to analyse the lungs of 491 pigs from 19 slaughterhouses across 11 cities in Shanxi Province, China.ResultsPCR detected MHP, PCV2, PPRSV and HPS in 76.99%, 67.00%, 11.82% and 19.55% of the samples, respectively; 10.12% were negative for all four pathogens. Co‐positivity rates for two and three pathogens were identified. The results confirmed significant correlations between PCV2 and MHP (p = .001, p < .05), HPS and PCV2 (p = .01, p < .05) and MHP and PRRSV (p = .01, p < .05). No significant correlation was observed between HPS and MHP (p = .067, p > .05). Positive MHP and PCV2 rates were low in areas with high vegetation coverage. The overall pathogen positivity rate was higher in both lower and higher temperature environments.ConclusionsInteractions among pathogens may increase disease severity. Furthermore, environmental assessment and pathogen surveillance within pig slaughterhouses can be an effective approach for early detection and mitigation of new disease threats before broad dissemination occurs among a herd.
Development of an ELISA for distinguishing convalescent sera withMycoplasma hyopneumoniaeinfection from hyperimmune sera responses to bacterin vaccination in pigs
Authors: Ding Honglei , Wen Yukang , Xu Zuobo , Zhou Bingqian , Tlili Chaker , Tian Yaqin , Wang Zhaodi , Ning Yaru , Xin Jiuqing 
Published: May 2021

AbstractVaccination with inactivated bacterin is the most popular and practical measure to control enzootic pneumonia. After immunisation with inactivated bacterin,Mycoplasma hyopneumoniaecolonised on the respiratory tract and lung stimulates the humoural immune responses and produces IgG and IgA antibodies. ELISA is a widely used serological method to detectM. hyopneumoniaeantibodies. However, commercial IgG‐ELISA kit cannot distinguish between inactivated bacterin‐induced hyperimmune sera and convalescent sera stimulated by natural infection. SIgA‐ELISA method needs to collect nasal swabs, but collecting nasal swabs is not easy to operate. Establishment of a discriminative ELISA detecting humoural IgG from convalescent sera but not hyperimmune sera facilitates to evaluate the natural infection ofM. hyopneumoniaeafter inactivated bacterin vaccination. We expressed and purified a recombinant protein named Mhp366‐N which contains an epitope recognised by the convalescent sera but not hyperimmune sera. The developed discriminative IgG‐ELISA could discriminate between inactivated bacterin‐induced hyperimmune sera and convalescent sera and was reproducible, sensitive and specific toM. hyopneumoniaeantibody produced by natural infection. Compared to SIgA‐ELISA method, discriminative IgG‐ELISA was more convenient to detect IgG antibody from sera than IgA from nasal swabs, although it has limited sensitivity in the early stages of infection. Additionally, to some extent, it has a potential to avoid the interference of maternally derived IgG antibodies. The established discriminative IgG‐ELISA was efficient to judge the serological IgG antibodies induced from natural infection or inactivated vaccine stimulation and provided a useful method to investigate and evaluate the live organism infection after the application of inactivated bacterin.
Challenge of Virus Disease Threats to Ensuring Sustained Uptake of Vitamin-A-Rich Sweetpotato in Africa
Authors: Kreuze Jan , Cuellar Wilmer J. , Low Jan W. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOrange-fleshed sweetpotatoes (OFSP) are a rich source of pro-vitamin A and can alleviate vitamin A deficiency in the developing world. In Africa, traditional varieties have been almost exclusively white-fleshed and introduction and breeding of orange-fleshed varieties into Africa has been severely hampered by virus diseases to which many varieties are susceptible. Breeding progress to generate resistant varieties has been slow due to rare and recessive occurrence of resistance in breeding populations. Production of virus-free seed is complicated by the fact that most sweetpotato viruses show no or only limited symptoms and very low virus concentrations when infected by individual viruses, making them difficult to detect. Even single infections can lead to significant yield losses, but when they combine severe disease complexes are generated, which can lead to total crop failure. Significant efforts have been made in characterizing and understanding virus interactions in sweetpotato over the last two decades to address this challenge; they are reviewed in this chapter. We also review the state of the art in detection of viruses in support of seed systems and breeding. We conclude with recommendations for the most urgent future research directions needed to address virus problems in sweetpotatoes.
Formalizing the Institution for Event-B in the Coq Proof Assistant
Authors: Reynolds Conor 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe formalize a fragment of the theory of institutions sufficient to establish basic facts about the institution

"Image missing"

for Event-B, and its relationship with the institution

"Image missing"

for first-order predicate logic. We prove the satisfaction condition for

"Image missing"

and encode the institution comorphism

"Image missing"

embedding

"Image missing"

in

"Image missing"

.
Introduction to the National Mineral Deposit Database of China (2020)
Authors: Qi Fanyu , Li Xiaolei , Shang Yuntao , Meng Jie , Gao Xuezheng , Kong Zhaoyu , Li Haixin , Yan Haifei 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe National Mineral Deposit Database of China (2002) (also referred to as the Database 2002) has been ranking top in terms of daily data distribution volume in the National Geological Archives of China (also referred to as the NGAC).
Achievements Made in the Building of the National Mineral Deposit Database of China (2020)
Authors: Qi Fanyu , Li Xiaolei , Shang Yuntao , Meng Jie , Gao Xuezheng , Kong Zhaoyu , Li Haixin , Yan Haifei 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBy the end of June 2020, the Database 2020 contained 307,081 pieces of valid mineral deposit data, with an increase of more than 270,000 pieces compared to the 33,794 pieces in the Database 2002.
Significance of the Building of National Mineral Deposit Database of China (2020)
Authors: Qi Fanyu , Li Xiaolei , Shang Yuntao , Meng Jie , Gao Xuezheng , Kong Zhaoyu , Li Haixin , Yan Haifei 
Published: May 2021

AbstractData are fundamental strategic resources of a country and are considered as “diamond mines” in the twenty-first century. Xi Jinping, general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, has pointed out that big data is the next stage of informatization development and has significant and profound impacts on the economic development, social progress, and people's lives worldwide.
Dark matter in the type Ib seesaw model
Authors: Chianese M. , Fu B. , King S. F. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We consider a minimal type Ib seesaw model where the effective neutrino mass operator involves two different Higgs doublets, and the two right-handed neutrinos form a heavy Dirac mass. We propose a minimal dark matter extension of this model, in which the Dirac heavy neutrino is coupled to a dark Dirac fermion and a dark complex scalar field, both charged under a discrete Z2 symmetry, where the lighter of the two is a dark matter candidate. Focussing on the fermionic dark matter case, we explore the parameter space of the seesaw Yukawa couplings, the neutrino portal couplings and dark scalar to dark fermion mass ratio, where correct dark matter relic abundance can be produced by the freeze-in mechanism. By considering the mixing between the standard model neutrinos and the heavy neutrino, we build a connection between the dark matter production and current laboratory experiments ranging from collider to lepton flavour violating experiments. For a GeV mass heavy neutrino, the parameters related to dark matter production are constrained by the experimental results directly and can be further tested by future experiments such as SHiP.
Gravitational waves from dark Yang-Mills sectors
Authors: Halverson James , Long Cody , Maiti Anindita , Nelson Brent , Salinas Gustavo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDark Yang-Mills sectors, which are ubiquitous in the string landscape, may be reheated above their critical temperature and subsequently go through a confining first-order phase transition that produces stochastic gravitational waves in the early universe. Taking into account constraints from lattice and from Yang-Mills (center and Weyl) symmetries, we use a phenomenological model to construct an effective potential of the semi quark-gluon plasma phase, from which we compute the gravitational wave signal produced during confinement for numerous gauge groups. The signal is maximized when the dark sector dominates the energy density of the universe at the time of the phase transition. In that case, we find that it is within reach of the next-to-next generation of experiments (BBO, DECIGO) for a range of dark confinement scales near the weak scale.
Exploring the gravity sector of emergent higher-spin gravity: effective action and a solution
Authors: Fredenhagen Stefan , Steinacker Harold C. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We elaborate the description of the semi-classical gravity sector of Yang-Mills matrix models on a covariant quantum FLRW background. The basic geometric structure is a frame, which arises from the Poisson structure on an underlying S2 bundle over space-time. The equations of motion for the associated Weitzenböck torsion obtained in [1] are rewritten in the form of Yang-Mills-type equations for the frame. An effective action is found which reproduces these equations of motion, which contains an Einstein-Hilbert term coupled to a dilaton, an axion and a Maxwell-type term for the dynamical frame. An explicit rotationally invariant solution is found, which describes a gravitational field coupled to the dilaton.
The near-horizon geometry of supersymmetric rotating AdS4 black holes in M-theory
Authors: Couzens Christopher , Marcus Eric , Stemerdink Koen , van de Heisteeg Damian 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We classify the necessary and sufficient conditions to obtain the near-horizon geometry of extremal supersymmetric rotating black holes embedded in 11d supergravity which are associated to rotating M2-branes. Such rotating black holes admit an AdS2 near-horizon geometry which is fibered by the transverse spacetime directions. In this paper we allow for the most general fibration over AdS2 with a flux configuration permitting rotating M2-branes. Using G-structure techniques we rewrite the conditions for supersymmetry in terms of differential equations on an eight-dimensional balanced space. The 9d compact internal space is a U(1)-fibration over this 8d base. The geometry is constrained by a master equation reminiscent of the one found in the non-rotating case. We give a Lagrangian from which the equations of motion may be derived, and show how the asymptotically AdS4 electrically charged Kerr-Newman black hole in 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 supergravity is embedded in the classification. In addition, we present the conditions for the near-horizon geometry of rotating black strings in Type IIB by using dualities with the 11d setup.
Highly boosted Higgs bosons and unitarity in vector-boson fusion at future hadron colliders
Authors: Kilian Wolfgang , Sun Sichun , Yan Qi-Shu , Zhao Xiaoran , Zhao Zhijie 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We study the observability of new interactions which modify Higgs-pair production via vector-boson fusion processes at the LHC and at future proton-proton colliders. In an effective-Lagrangian approach, we explore in particular the effect of the operator $$ {h}^2{W}_{\mu \nu}^a{W}^{a,\mu \nu} $$

h
2

W
μν
a

W

a
,
μν

, which describes the interaction of the Higgs boson with transverse vector-boson polarization modes. By tagging highly boosted Higgs bosons in the final state, we determine projected bounds for the coefficient of this operator at the LHC and at a future 27 TeV or 100 TeV collider. Taking into account unitarity constraints, we estimate the new-physics discovery potential of Higgs pair production in this channel.
Free energy and defect C-theorem in free fermion
Authors: Sato Yoshiki 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We describe a p-dimensional conformal defect of a free Dirac fermion on a d-dimensional flat space as boundary conditions on a conformally equivalent space ℍp+1×$$ \mathbbm{S} $$
S
d−p−1. We classify allowed boundary conditions and find that the Dirichlet type of boundary conditions always exists while the Neumann type of boundary condition exists only for a two-codimensional defect. For the two-codimensional defect, a double trace deformation triggers a renormalization group flow from the Neumann boundary condition to the Dirichlet boundary condition, and the free energy at UV fixed point is always larger than that at IR fixed point. This provides us with further support of a conjectured C-theorem in DCFT.
Plastin 3 in health and disease: a matter of balance
Authors: Wolff Lisa , Strathmann Eike A. , Müller Ilka , Mählich Daniela , Veltman Charlotte , Niehoff Anja , Wirth Brunhilde 
Published: May 2021

AbstractFor a long time, PLS3 (plastin 3, also known as T-plastin or fimbrin) has been considered a rather inconspicuous protein, involved in F-actin-binding and -bundling. However, in recent years, a plethora of discoveries have turned PLS3 into a highly interesting protein involved in many cellular processes, signaling pathways, and diseases.PLS3is localized on the X-chromosome, but shows sex-specific, inter-individual and tissue-specific expression variability pointing towards skewed X-inactivation.PLS3is expressed in all solid tissues but usually not in hematopoietic cells. When escaping X-inactivation, PLS3 triggers a plethora of different types of cancers. Elevated PLS3 levels are considered a prognostic biomarker for cancer and refractory response to therapies. When it is knocked out or mutated in humans and mice, it causes osteoporosis with bone fractures; it is the only protein involved in actin dynamics responsible for osteoporosis. Instead, when PLS3 is upregulated, it acts as a highly protective SMN-independent modifier in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Here, it seems to counteract reduced F-actin levels by restoring impaired endocytosis and disturbed calcium homeostasis caused by reduced SMN levels. In contrast, an upregulation of PLS3 on wild-type level might cause osteoarthritis. This emphasizes that the amount of PLS3 in our cells must be precisely balanced; both too much and too little can be detrimental. Actin-dynamics, regulated by PLS3 among others, are crucial in a lot of cellular processes including endocytosis, cell migration, axonal growth, neurotransmission, translation, and others. Also, PLS3 levels influence the infection with different bacteria, mycosis, and other pathogens.
Integrin-dependent migratory switches regulate the translocation of Toxoplasma-infected dendritic cells across brain endothelial monolayers
Authors: Ross Emily C. , ten Hoeve Arne L. , Barragan Antonio 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMultiple cellular processes, such as immune responses and cancer cell metastasis, crucially depend on interconvertible migration modes. However, knowledge is scarce on how infectious agents impact the processes of cell adhesion and migration at restrictive biological barriers. In extracellular matrix, dendritic cells (DCs) infected by the obligate intracellular protozoan Toxoplasma gondii undergo mesenchymal-to-amoeboid transition (MAT) for rapid integrin-independent migration. Here, in a cellular model of the blood–brain barrier, we report that parasitised DCs adhere to polarised endothelium and shift to integrin-dependent motility, accompanied by elevated transendothelial migration (TEM). Upon contact with endothelium, parasitised DCs dramatically reduced velocities and adhered under both static and shear stress conditions, thereby obliterating the infection-induced amoeboid motility displayed in collagen matrix. The motility of adherent parasitised DCs on endothelial monolayers was restored by blockade of β1 and β2 integrins or ICAM-1, which conversely reduced motility on collagen-coated surfaces. Moreover, parasitised DCs exhibited enhanced translocation across highly polarised primary murine brain endothelial cell monolayers. Blockade of β1, β2 integrins, ICAM-1 and PECAM-1 reduced TEM frequencies. Finally, gene silencing of the pan-integrin-cytoskeleton linker talin (Tln1) or of β1 integrin (Itgb1) in primary DCs resulted in increased motility on endothelium and decreased TEM. Adding to the paradigms of leukocyte diapedesis, the findings provide novel insights in how an intracellular pathogen impacts the migratory plasticity of leukocytes in response to the cellular environment, to promote infection-related dissemination.
Cuticular hydrocarbons on old museum specimens of the spiny mason wasp, Odynerus spinipes (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae), shed light on the distribution and on regional frequencies of distinct chemotypes
Authors: Moris Victoria C. , Christmann Katharina , Wirtgen Aline , Belokobylskij Sergey A. , Berg Alexander , Liebig Wolf-Harald , Soon Villu , Baur Hannes , Schmitt Thomas , Niehuis Oliver 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe mason waspOdynerus spinipesshows an exceptional case of intrasexual cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profile dimorphism. Females of this species display one of two CHC profiles (chemotypes) that differ qualitatively and quantitatively from each other. The ratio of the two chemotypes was previously shown to be close to 1:1 at three sites in Southern Germany, which might not be representative given the Palearctic distribution of the species. To infer the frequency of the two chemotypes across the entire distributional range of the species, we analyzed with GC–MS the CHC profile of 1042 dry-mounted specimens stored in private and museum collections. We complemented our sampling by including 324 samples collected and preserved specifically for studying their CHCs. We were capable of reliably identifying the chemotypes in 91% of dry-mounted samples, some of which collected almost 200 years ago. We found both chemotypes to occur in the Far East, the presumed glacial refuge of the species, and their frequency to differ considerably between sites and geographic regions. The geographic structure in the chemotype frequencies could be the result of differential selection regimes and/or different dispersal routes during the colonization of the Western Palearctic. The presented data pave the route for disentangling these factors by providing information where to geographically sampleO. spinipesfor population genetic analyses. They also form the much-needed basis for future studies aiming to understand the evolutionary and geographic origin as well as the genetics of the astounding CHC profile dimorphism thatO. spinipesfemales exhibit.