bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oil Quality and Yield of Different Carthamus tinctorius Cultivars: Promising Oilseeds for Biodiesel in Semi‐Arid Regions
Authors: da Silva Raimunda Adlany Dias , da Silva Filho Edmilson Matias , Costa Marta , Gracindo Ângela Patrícia Alves Coelho , de Aquino Pessoa Priscila Maria , Gondim Amanda Duarte , Rafael Medeiros Leonardo , Lichston Juliana Espada 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this study, seed productivity and oil content of three safflower genotypes (IMAMT 1750, IMAMT 946 and IMAMT 894) cultivated in the Brazilian semi‐arid region were evaluated to identify which genotype has the best in‐field performance. The acidity and saponification index were evaluated, as well as the efficiency of lipid extraction through thermal analysis, aiming to estimate the species' potential for biofuel production in semi‐arid regions. Field cultivation under semi‐arid conditions lasted for ~75 days and no herbivory were observed on the plants. The IMAMT 894 genotype presented higher seed yield than the other genotypes, IMAMT 1750 presented 34% oil, and IMAMT 946 and IMAMT 894 presented 32% oil with efficient extraction in the Soxhlet system and high oil content and quality; higher than traditionally used crops such as soybean and cotton. The IMAMT 894 genotype showed higher seed productivity, but all three genotypes presented good oil yield and quality for biodiesel production. Oil extraction in the Soxhlet system was efficient since the thermogravimetric analysis showed no oil in the residual biomass after oil extraction.
Neutron stars origins and masses
Authors: Horvath Jorge Ernesto , Rocha Lívia S. , Bernardo Antonio , Valientim Rodolfo , de Avellar Marcio Guilherme Bronzato 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe present in this talk an overview of the neutron star origin events and masses. Using the existing sample of ∼80 measured neutron star masses, we show that the distribution requires more than one mass‐scale and that its highest value inferred from the sample is compatible with 2.5M⊙, suggesting that very heavy neutron stars may be present in Nature. The case of some “spider” systems and the enigmatic high‐mass object in the GW190408 event, as well as the highest measured values from other binaries may support a high Mmax. Finally, we review the connection of supernovae compact remnants with the observed masses and discuss some important features still unclear from simulations related to the former problem of the mass origins.
Stability of multistate configurations of fuzzy dark matter
Authors: Guzmán Francisco S. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe study the stability properties of multistate configurations of the Schrödinger‐Poisson system without self‐interaction, with monopolar and first dipolar components (1,0,0) + (2,1,0). We show that these studied configurations are stable using numerical simulations and using criteria of stationarity, unitarity, and time dependence consistency. The study covers a range of states with a monopolar to dipolar mass ratio of between 47 and 0.17. The astrophysical implication of this result is that this type of configurations is at least stable and can be considered physically sound in multistate ultralight bosonic dark matter.
Cytosolic delivery of nucleic acids: The case of ionizable lipid nanoparticles
Authors: Schlich Michele , Palomba Roberto , Costabile Gabriella , Mizrahy Shoshy , Pannuzzo Martina , Peer Dan , Decuzzi Paolo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIonizable lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are the most clinically advanced nano‐delivery system for therapeutic nucleic acids. The great effort put in the development of ionizable lipids with increased in vivo potency brought LNPs from the laboratory benches to the FDA approval of patisiran in 2018 and the ongoing clinical trials for mRNA‐based vaccines against SARS‐CoV‐2. Despite these success stories, several challenges remain in RNA delivery, including what is known as “endosomal escape.” Reaching the cytosol is mandatory for unleashing the therapeutic activity of RNA molecules, as their accumulation in other intracellular compartments would simply result in efficacy loss. In LNPs, the ability of ionizable lipids to form destabilizing non‐bilayer structures at acidic pH is recognized as the key for endosomal escape and RNA cytosolic delivery. This is motivating a surge in studies aiming at designing novel ionizable lipids with improved biodegradation and safety profiles. In this work, we describe the journey of RNA‐loaded LNPs across multiple intracellular barriers, from the extracellular space to the cytosol. In silico molecular dynamics modeling, in vitro high‐resolution microscopy analyses, and in vivo imaging data are systematically reviewed to distill out the regulating mechanisms underlying the endosomal escape of RNA. Finally, a comparison with strategies employed by enveloped viruses to deliver their genetic material into cells is also presented. The combination of a multidisciplinary analytical toolkit for endosomal escape quantification and a nature‐inspired design could foster the development of future LNPs with improved cytosolic delivery of nucleic acids.
Exploring therapists' and psychology students' constructions of sexual refusal in heterosexual relationships: A qualitative story completion study
Authors: Shah‐Beckley Iduna , Clarke Victoria 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAnxieties about sex and sexual problems are widespread and are often brought to counselling and psychotherapy. Research has found that even practitioners without specialist training often work with sexual difficulties because of the prevalence of such problems. Some of the most common concerns brought to therapy centre on desire discrepancies between male and female partners and a lack of sexual desire. In this paper, we ask the question what understandings of “heterosex” might await women and men bringing concerns about desire discrepancies and a lack of desire to the therapy room? We report the findings of a qualitative study exploring the discourses underpinning therapists' and psychology undergraduates' constructions of women and men repeatedly refusing sex in the context of an ongoing heterosexual relationship. Data were collected from 71 participants (33 therapists and 38 students) using the innovative story completion method, in which participants are presented with the opening sentences of a story centred on a hypothetical scenario and asked to complete it. The resulting stories were analysed with thematic analysis. Participants drew on heteronormative discourses of masculinity, femininity and heterosex to make sense of sexual refusal and its consequences. However, the stories written by male and, especially, female therapists included less problematisation of the absence of sex and more possibilities for overcoming sexual and relational problems. The data potentially raise questions about whether professional training allows therapists to access discourses that subvert dominant understandings of heterosex, as we argue it ideally should.
Genome‐wide hypermethylation is closely associated with abnormal expression of genes involved in neural development in induced pluripotent stem cells derived from a Down syndrome mouse model
Authors: Xi Jiao‐jiao , Yang Guan‐heng , Liu Yan‐na , Qiu Jia‐jun , Gong Xiu‐li , Yan Jing‐bin , Zeng Fanyi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMental retardation is the main clinical manifestation of Down syndrome (DS), and neural abnormalities occur during the early embryonic period and continue throughout life. Tc1, a model mouse for DS, carries the majority part of the human chromosome 21 and has multiple neuropathy phenotypes similar to patients with DS. To explore the mechanism of early neural abnormalities of Tc1 mouse, induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from Tc1 mice were obtained, and genome‐wide gene expression and methylation analysis were performed for Tc1 and wild‐type iPS cells. Our results showed hypermethylation profiles for Tc1 iPS cells, and the abnormal genes were shown to be related to neurodevelopment and distributed on multiple chromosomes. In addition, important genes involved in neurogenesis and neurodevelopment were shown to be downregulated in Tc1 iPS cells. In short, our study indicated that genome‐wide hypermethylation leads to the disordered expression of genes associated with neurodevelopment in Tc1 mice during early development. Overall, our work provided a useful reference for the study of the molecular mechanism of nervous system abnormalities in DS.
Thermoelectric Response of Ion‐Selective Membranes: Modelling and Experimental Studies
Authors: Yang Rongjie , Liu Shanshan , Zhou Lin , Lin Xingyu , Su Bin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThermoelectricity of ion‐selective membrane refers to the phenomenon that the membrane potential is generated in the presence of a temperature gradient, which plays a crucial role in low‐grade heat energy harvesting. Here, a new thermoelectric model is proposed, in which the entire membrane is divided into the intra‐membrane region and two diffusion boundaries. Simulated results suggest the thermally inducted membrane potential is composed of the diffusion potential inside membrane and two Donnan potentials at the membrane boundaries. The effects of the membrane charge density, electrolyte concentration, and solution temperature are theoretically explored in detail. This model is confirmed experimentally with cation‐selective hybrid nanochannels and a commercial cation‐selective polymer membrane. We believe the new thermoelectric model is beneficial to understanding the mechanism of thermoelectric response and promoting practical applications of thermal energy conversion.
Tunable Light‐Emission Properties of Solution‐Processable N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Cyclometalated Gold(III) Complexes for Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Malmberg Robert , von Arx Tobias , Hasan Monirul , Blacque Olivier , Shukla Atul , McGregor Sarah K. M. , Lo Shih‐Chun , Namdas Ebinazar B. , Venkatesan Koushik 
Published: February 2021

AbstractN‐Heterocyclic carbene (NHC) cyclometalated gold(III) complexes remain very scarce and therefore their photophysical properties remain currently underexplored. Moreover, gold(III) complexes emitting in the blue region of the electromagnetic spectrum are rare. In this work, a series of four phosphorescent gold(III) complexes was investigated bearing four different NHC monocyclometalated (C^C*)‐type ligands and a dianionic (N^N)‐type ancillary ligand ((N^N)=5,5’‐(propane‐2,2‐diyl)bis(3‐(trifluoromethyl)‐1 H‐pyrazole) (mepzH2)). The complexes exhibit strong phosphorescence when doped in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) at room temperature, which were systematically tuned from sky‐blue [λPL=456 nm, CIE coordinates: (0.20, 034)] to green [λPL=516 nm, CIE coordinates: (0.31, 0.54)] by varying the monocyclometalated (C^C*) ligand framework. The complexes revealed high quantum efficiencies (ϕPL) of up to 43 % and excited‐state lifetimes (τ0) between 15–266 μs. The radiative rate constant values found for these complexes (kr=103–104 s−1) are the highest found in comparison to previously known best‐performing monocyclometalated gold(III) complexes. Density functional theory (DFT) and time‐dependent DFT (TD‐DFT) calculations of these complexes further lend support to the excited‐state nature of these complexes. The calculations showed a significant contribution of the gold(III) metal center in the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs) of up to 18 %, which was found to be unique for this class of cyclometalated gold(III) complexes. Additionally, organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) were fabricated by using a solution process to provide the first insight into the electroluminescent (EL) properties of this new class of gold(III) complexes.
Infective endocarditis complicated by embolic events: Pathogenesis and predictors
Authors: Hu Wangling , Wang Xindi , Su Guanhua 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundInfective endocarditis (IE) continues to be associated with great challenges. Embolic events (EE) are frequent and life‐threatening complications in IE patients. It remains challenging to predict and assess the embolic risk in individual patients with IE accurately.HypothesisAccurate prediction of embolization is critical in the early identification and treatment of risky and potentially embolic lesions in patients with IE.MethodsWe searched the PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases using a range of related search terms, and reviewed the literatures about the pathogenesis and embolic predictors of IE.ResultsThe development of IE and its complications is widely accepted as the result of complex interactions between microorganisms, valve endothelium, and host immune responses. The predictive value of echocardiographic characteristics is the most powerful for EE. In addition, both easily obtained blood biomarkers such as C‐reactive protein, mean platelet volume, neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio, anti‐β2‐glycoprotein I antibodies, D‐Dimer, troponin I, matrix metalloproteinases, and several microbiological or clinical characteristics might be promising as potential predictors of EE.ConclusionOur review provides a synthesis of current knowledge regarding the pathogenesis and predictors of embolism in IE along with a review of potentially emerging biomarkers.
Basics of macro to microlevel corporate social responsibility and advancement in triple bottom line theory
Authors: Farooq Qamar , Fu Peihua , Liu Xuan , Hao Yunhong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe accounting framework of businesses massively expanded in the 1990s to triple bottom line (TBL) with consideration of social and environmental performance in addition to financial performance. To meet the challenges of expressing care to the environment as well as to internal and external stakeholders associated with society, research on investment of resources through corporate volunteering (CV) programs is accelerated in the current decade. Researchers have started using the philosophy of epistemology with the positioning of interpretivism explaining how the people participate in cultural and social life. Reintegrating the important fundamental and scattered concepts of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and TBL, this article highlights the motivational facet of employees of socially responsible companies, being termed as “Internal People‐Line” theory as the significant and nonidentical subset of TBL. With the ingredients of self‐determination theory, the internal people line (IPL) by relational, moral, and instrumental motivations would be useful for recognition, repeated participation in community programs, and managerial support. This research has two major contributions to the literature of society: (a) Identification of seventh P for the bottom line and (b) Development of IPL theory. It is found that effective utilization of the resources in CV programs largely depends upon the intrinsic motivation of IPL (employees). This article is the first to accumulate and interpret the strewn basic concepts of CSR (macro to microlevel) using holistic approach to advance the research model of TBL with the introduction of IPL theory.
A novel potential target of IL‐35‐regulated JAK/STAT signaling pathway in lupus nephritis
Authors: Cai Zhe , Zhang Song , Wu Ping , Ren Qi , Wei Ping , Hong Ming , Feng Yu , Wong Chun Kwok , Tang Hong , Zeng Huasong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn this study, we have investigated the potential regulatory mechanisms of IL‐35 to relieve lupus nephritis (LN) through regulating Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway in mesangial cells.ResultsAmong 105 significant differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) patients with LN and healthy controls, LAIR1, PDGFRβ, VTN, EPHB4, and EPHA4 were downregulated in JSLE‐LN. They consist of an interactive network with PTPN11 and FN1, which involved in IL‐35‐related JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Besides, urinary LAIR1 was significantly correlated with JSLE‐LN clinical parameters such as SLEDAI‐2K, %CD19+ B, and %CD3+ T cells. Through bioinformatics analysis of co‐immunoprecipitation with mass spectrometry results, including GO, KEGG, and STRING, five genes interacted with Lair1 were upregulated by IL‐35, but only Myh10 was downregulated. Therefore, we presumed an interactive network among these DEPs, JAK/STAT, and IL‐35. Moreover, the downregulated phosphorylated (p)‐STAT3, p‐p38 MAPK, and p‐ERK, and the upregulated p‐JAK2/p‐STAT1/4 in IL‐35 overexpressed mesangial cells, and RNA‐sequencing results validated the potential regulatory mechanisms of IL‐35 in alleviating JSLE‐LN disease. Moreover, the relieved histopathological features of nephritis including urine protein and leukocyte scores, a decreased %CD90+αSMA+ mesangial cells and pro‐inflammatory cytokines, the inactivated JAK/STAT signals and the significant upregulated Tregs in spleen, thymus and peripheral blood were validated in Tregs and IL‐35 overexpression plasmid‐treated lupus mice.ConclusionsOur study provided a reference proteomic map of urinary biomarkers for JSLE‐LN and elucidated evidence that IL‐35 may regulate the interactive network of LAIR1‐PTPN11‐JAK‐STAT‐FN1 to affect JAK/STAT and MAPK signaling pathways to alleviate inflammation in JSLE‐LN. This finding may provide a further prospective mechanism for JSLE‐LN clinical treatment.
Diabetes prevention interventions for women after gestational diabetes mellitus: an overview of reviews
Authors: Hedeager Momsen Anne‐Mette , Høtoft Diana , Ørtenblad Lisbeth , Friis Lauszus Finn , Krogh Rubab Hassan Agha , Lynggaard Vibeke , Juel Christiansen Jens , Terkildsen Maindal Helle , Vinther Nielsen Claus 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimsTo present an overview of reviews of interventions for the prevention of diabetes in women after gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) with the overall aim of gaining information in order to establish local interventions.MethodsSix databases were searched for quantitative, qualitative or mixed‐methods systematic reviews. All types of interventions or screening programmes were eligible. The outcomes were effectiveness of reducing diabetes incidence, encouraging healthy behavioural changes and enhancing women's perceptions of their increased risks of developing type 2 diabetes following GDM.ResultsEighteen reviews were included: three on screening programmes and seven on participation and risk perceptions. Interventions promoting physical activity, healthy diet, breastfeeding and antidiabetic medicine reported significantly decreased incidence of postpartum diabetes, up to 34% reduction after any breastfeeding compared to none. Effects were larger if the intervention began early after birth and lasted longer. Participation in screening rose up to 40% with face‐to‐face recruitment in a GDM healthcare setting. Interventions were mainly based in healthcare settings and involved up to nine health professions, councillors and peer educators, mostly dieticians. Women reported a lack of postpartum care and demonstrated a low knowledge of risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes. Typical barriers to participation were lack of awareness of increased risk and low levels of support from family.ConclusionsLifestyle interventions or pharmacological treatment postpartum was effective in decreasing diabetes incidence following GDM. Women's knowledge of the risk of diabetes and importance of physical activity was insufficient. Early face‐to‐face recruitment increased participation in screening. Programmes aimed at women following a diagnosis of GDM ought to provide professional and social support, promote screening, breastfeeding, knowledge of risk factors, be long‐lasting and offered early after birth, preferably by face‐to‐face recruitment.
Quantifying the contribution of climate and underlying surface changes to alpine runoff alterations associated with glacier melting
Authors: Xin Jiali , Sun Xiaoyu , Liu Liu , Li Hao , Liu Xingcai , Li Xiuping , Cheng Lei , Xu Zongxue 
Published: February 2021

AbstractClimate variability and underlying surface changes are strongly associated with runoff alterations. The Yarlung Zangbo River Basin (YZRB) is a typical alpine region located in the southeast Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, where runoff is particularly sensitive and vulnerable to climate and environmental changes. Here, we conducted a quantitative assessment of the contributions of climate variability and underlying surface changes to runoff alterations from 1966 to 2015 in the upper, middle, and lower regions of the YZRB. The year 1997 was identified as the runoff breakpoint in all three sub‐regions, which divided the runoff time series into the baseline period (1966–1997) and change period (1998–2015). An adjusted Budyko framework accounting for glacier runoff was developed to conduct a runoff alteration attribution analysis. The results indicated that the increase in runoff in the upper region was dominated by changes in the underlying surface and glacier runoff, whose contribution accounted for 59.61 and 49.18%, respectively. The runoff increase in the middle and lower regions was mainly attributed to the increase in precipitation, accounting for 39.36 and 129.21% of the total runoff alteration, respectively. Moreover, due to the little variation in vegetation and degradation of permafrost in the upper region, increases in runoff might be largely attributed to increases in subsurface runoff caused by the melting of permafrost. In the middle region, in addition to increased precipitation, vegetation degradation had positive effects on runoff increases. The lower region exhibited far higher water consumption rates due to its extensive and dense vegetation coverage accompanied by rising temperature, which resulted in a negative contribution (−58.74%) to runoff alteration. Our findings may therefore have important implications for water resource security and sustainable development in alpine regions.