bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of Moisture Adsorption In Plant Fibers Surface-Modified With Glycerol Evaluated By LF-NMR Relaxation Technique
Authors: Fu Lili , Zhang Ke , Zhang Mingjian , Wang Le , Zheng Songjin , Liu Ze , Shang Shanzhai , Sun Yue , Huang Feng , Wang Shuang , Zhang Qi , Wang Bing , Li Bin , Cao Yan , Guo Zhongya 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Surface modification by humectants is an important technology to improve product quality in textile field, healthcare, tobacco processing and paper-making industry. As a common humectant glycerol is applied to keep the moisture adsorbability of plant fibers during manufacturing. The effects of glycerol on the moisture adsorption of plant fibers were studied by analysising the induced differences of bulk and surface physicochemical property with XRD, FTIR, SEM characterizations. The improvement of moisture adsorption capacity of the modified plant fibers was due to the increased active adsorption sites, while the moisture diffusion resistance increased simultaneously with glycerol indicated by a declining Deff. LF-NMR relaxation spectra demonstrated the water sates and distributions in plant fibers were changed by loading glycerol. The moisture transfer mechanisms induced by glycerol were also investigated. Free water failed to materialize in the plant fibers treated with glycerol, immobile water existed preferentially during the adsorption, and bound water presented increasing after the immobile water were saturated. These findings are useful to improve the manufacturing processes of moisture-retaining properties of different functional plant fibers.
Assessment the Diversity of Circulating Natural Killer Cells Between Active Tuberculosis and Latent Tuberculosis Infection
Authors: Zhou Yu , Lan Haiping , Shi Hanlu , Wu Peihao , Zhou Yonglie 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading global public health problem, but the mechanisms underlying the immunopathology of TB progression are not well understood. It is currently believed that Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection can modify NK cell phenotypic signatures. Hence, our study was designed to investigate the diversity of circulating NK cells between active TB and latent TB infection. Peripheral blood NK subsets, as well as their expression of activating and inhibitory membrane receptors in different TB-infected status were evaluated in the present study. Results: Significant differences of NK phenotypes were observed in the ATB, LTBI and HC populations. Among them, CD56BrightCD16Dim (PATB VS HC=0.008, PLTBI VS HC=0.017) and CD27+CD56BrightCD16Dim (PATB VS HC=0.022, PLTBI VS HC=0.004) NK subsets were increased in TB-infected groups compared with HC group. On the contrary, the proportion of CD27 in NK cells (PATB VS HC=0.036, PLTBI VS HC=0.006) and CD56DimCD16+ NK subsets (PATB VS HC=0.0001, PLTBI VS HC=0.001) were diminished in TB-infected groups. Furthermore, the proportion of KLRG1 in NK cells (P=0.036), as well as their subsets CD56DimCD16+ NK (P=0.046) and CD27+ NK (P=0.027), were increased significantly in LTBI compared with the ATB group; while Mtb specific IFN-γ+CD56BrightCD16Dim NK cells expressed higher KLRG1 in ATB than LTBI (P=0.027). Within CD56BrightCD16DimNK subsets, the percentage of KLRG1 was elevated in ATB patients compared with HC group (P=0.037). However, the expression of activating receptor NKG2D in NK and its subsets showed no significant between the three participant groups.Conclusions: The present results demonstrated that the different TB infection states were coupled with the diversity of NK cell compartments, and the expression of KLRG1 in NK cells might be a specific phenotype to modulate the progression of TB from latent to active.
Development of Morphological Descriptors For Characterization of Teak (Tectona Grandis L. f.) Seed Sources In India
Authors: M.V. Jawahar Vishnu , K.T. Parthiban , S Umesh Kanna , S Radhakrishnan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) plantations in India has been intensified in the recent past yet, morphological descriptors for teak is still lacking. Hence, this study aimed to develop descriptors using morphological traits. Among 30 seed sources collected from different states of India, 24 morphological descriptors viz., leaf length, leaf width, presence of petiole, petiole length, leaf shape, shape of leaf apex, shape of leaf base, leaf texture, phyllotaxy, leaf attitude, leaf margin, leaf margin undulation, leaf brightness, leaf venation, leaf main vein, leaf veins, leaf vein colour, leaf colour, leaf pubescence, young leaf colour, number of internodes, internodal length, trunk spots and trunk colour were developed based on leaf and stem characteristics. Subsequently, genetic similarity among the sources were estimated by Jaccard similarity index and cluster analysis was performed by Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic mean (UPGMA) method.
Identification of Potential miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network in Denervated Muscular Atrophy by Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Wang Jianhua , Liu Yuhang , Zhang Yongming , Liu Bin , Wei Zhijian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Muscle atrophy caused by long-term denervation leads to the loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, resulting in a poor recovery of functional muscles and decreasing quality of life. Increasing differentially expressed microRNAs (DEMs) have been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of denervated muscle atrophy. However, there is still insufficient evidence to explain the role of miRNAs and their target genes in skeletal muscle atrophy. Therefore, an integrative exploration of the miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in denervated muscle atrophy is necessary. A total of 21 (16 upregulated and 5 downregulated) DEMs were screened out in the GSE81914 dataset. Med1 was predicted and verified to be significantly upregulated, which may affect the process of denervated muscle atrophy by regulating mir-146b and mir-1949. 59 target genes were then predicted by submitting candidate DEMs to the miRNet database. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that target genes of DEMs were mainly enriched in the apoptotic process and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Through the PPI network construction, key modules and hub genes were obtained and potentially modulated by mir-29b, mir-132, and mir-133a. According to the qRT-PCR results, among the hub genes, Ctgf was significantly increased, which was consistent with the decreased mir-133a in denervated muscle atrophy. In the study, a potential miRNA-mRNA regulatory network was firstly constructed in denervated muscle atrophy. Two potential miRNA–mRNA pathways (miR-29b-COL1A1 and mir-133a-Ctgf) may provide new insight into the pathogenesis and treatment of denervated muscle atrophy.
QTL Mapping And Candidate Gene Mining of Flag Leaf Size Traits In Japonica Rice Based On Linkage Mapping And Genome-Wide Association Study
Authors: Jiangxu Wang , Tao Wang , qi Wang , Xiaodong Tang , Yang Ren , Haiyan Zheng , Kai Liu , Luomiao Yang , Hui Jiang , Yidan Li , qi Liu , Detang Zou , Hongliang Zheng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
As one of the most important part of the ideal plant type of japonica rice, leaf shape affects the photosynthesis and carbohydrate accumulation directly. Mining and using new leaf shape related genes/QTLs can further enrich the theory of molecular breeding and accelerate the breeding process of japonica rice. In the present study, 2 RILs and a natural population with 295 japonica rice varieties were used to map QTLs for flag leaf length (FL), flag leaf width (FW) and flag leaf area (FLA) by linkage analysis and genome-wide association study (GWAS) through 2 years. A total of 64 QTLs were detected by 2 ways, and pleiotropic QTLs qFL2 (Chr2_33,332,579) and qFL10 (Chr10_10,107,835; Chr10_10,230,100) consisted of overlapping QTLs mapped by linkage analysis and GWAS through 2 years were identified. The candidate genes LOC_Os02g54254, LOC_Os02g54550, LOC_Os10g20160, LOC_Os10g20240, LOC_Os10g20260 were obtained, filtered by linkage disequilibrium (LD), and haplotype analysis. LOC_Os10g20160 (SD-RLK-45) showed outstanding characteristics in quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis in leaf development period, belongs to S-domain receptor-like protein kinases gene and probably to be a main gene regulating flag leaf width of japonica rice. The results of this study provide valuable resources for mining the main genes/QTLs of japonica rice leaf development and molecular breeding of japonica rice ideal leaf shape.
Application of Pd-Sn Modified Ru-Ir Electrode For Treating High Chlorine Ammonia-Nitrogen Wastewater
Authors: Yang Zhen-xing , Xie Wen-yu , Ye Fang-fang , Li De-hao 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Electro-catalytic technology has attracted increasing attention as a promising approach for wastewater treatment, owing to its easy operation, minimal generation of secondary pollution, small foot-print and rapid start-up. In this work, the chlorine evolution potential of the Pd-Sn modified ruthenium(Ru)-iridium(Ir) electrode was investigated for electro-catalytic treatment of high chlorine ammonia-nitrogen wastewater. The effect of reaction conditions on the removal of ammonia-nitrogen, kinetics and apparent activation energy of the electro-catalytic treatment of ammonia-nitrogen were studied. The possible denitrification process of high chlorine ammonia-nitrogen wastewater treated by electrocatalysis was discussed. The results indicated that the chlorine evolution potential of the Pd-Sn modified Ru-Ir electrode was 1.0956 V(vs. SCE). The rule of electro-catalytic treatment of high chlorine ammonia-nitrogen conformed to zero-order kinetics, and the removal process was endothermic reaction with the apparent activation energy of 14.089 kJ/mol. With the current is 0.5 A, the removal efficiency of ammonia-nitrogen could achieve 100% at the reaction time of 40 min. Indirect oxidation played an essential role in the electro-catalytic ammonia-nitrogen removal using the Pd-Sn modified Ru-Ir electrode. This paper demonstrated that the electro-catalytic technology was a promising approach for efficiently treating the high chlorine ammonia-nitrogen wastewater.
The Role of Endogenous Carbon Monoxide (CO) in the Functioning of Biological Clocks in Pig and Wild Boar Hybrids During Long- and Short-day Seasons
Authors: GILUN Przemysław , Wąsowska Barbara , Sowa-Kućma Magdalena , Kozioł Katarzyna , Romerowicz-Misielak Maria , Koziorowski Marek , Koziorowska-Gilun Magdalena 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Mature males of a wild boar-pig crossbreed during long- and short-day seasons were used for the study, which demonstrated that the chemical light carrier CO regulates the expression of biological clock genes in the hypothalamus (preoptic area - POA and dorsal part of hypothalamus - DH) via humoral pathways. Autologous blood with experimentally elevated concentrations of endogenous CO (using lamps with white light-emitting diodes) was infused into the ophthalmic venous sinus via the right dorsal nasal vein.The results showed that elevated endogenous CO levels through blood irradiation induced changes in gene expression involved in the functioning of the main biological clock. Changes in the expression of the transcription factors Bmal1, Clock and Npas2 had a similar pattern in both structures, where a very large decrease in gene expression was shown after exposure to elevated endogenous CO levels. The changes in the gene expression of PER 1-2, CRY 1-2, REV-ERB α-β and ROR β are not the same for both POA and DH hypothalamic structures, indicating that both structures respond differently to the received humoral signal.The obtained results indicate that CO is a chemical light molecule whose production in organisms depends on the amount of light. An adequate amount of light is an essential factor for the proper functioning of the main biological clock.
A Small Molecule Inhibitor of Deubiquitinase OTUD3 Promotes DR5-Induced Apoptosis in Lung Cancer Through ER Stress Modulation
Authors: Du Tongde , Wang Juan , Lu Ya , Xu Chenxin , Wu Jianzhong , Ma Rong , Cao Haixia , Jiang Jingwei , Feng Jifeng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Lung cancer is cancer with the highest morbidity and mortality in the world and poses a serious threat to human health. Therefore, discovering new treatments is urgently needed to improve lung cancer prognosis. The ubiquitin-proteasome system is an important target for the research of antineoplastic drugs, in which deubiquitinase inhibitors have broad clinical applications. In this study, we show that Rolapitant, an inhibitor of deubiquitinase OTUD3, can inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of lung cancer cells through OTUD3. Methods: Cell viability was measured by CCK8 assays. Apoptosis, cell cycle and surface DR5 expression on lung cancer cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression of transcription level was measured by real time RT-PCR methods. Protein expression was examined in Rolapitant-treated lung cancer cells using Western blotting. Proteomics sequencing was used to detect the molecules which Rolapitant regulate. A549 xenograft nude mice were used to assess the efficacy of Rolapitant in vivo.Result: We showed that Rolapitant enhanced the ubiquitination levels of substrate GRP78 and reduced its protein level. Proteomics sequencing indicated that Rolapitant significantly upregulated the expression of death receptor 5 (DR5). Rolapitant also promoted lung cancer cell apoptosis through upregulating cell surface expression of DR5 and enhanced TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Mechanistically, Rolapitant directly targeted the OTUD3-GRP78 axis to trigger endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP)-DR5 signaling, sensitizing lung cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. In the vivo assays, Rolapitant suppressed the growth of lung cancer xenografts in immunocompromised mice at suitable dosages without apparent toxicity.Conclusions: Therefore, the present study identifies Rolapitant as a novel inhibitor of deubiquitinase OTUD3 and establishes that the OTUD3-GRP78 axis is a potential therapeutic target for lung cancer.
High Expression of Mediator Complex Subunit 8 Acts as a Prognostic Biomarker in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Wu Shuang , Cao Yuan , Luo Senyuan , Cao Sancheng , Li Qiao , Zhang Taoyuan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background : Mediator complex subunit 8 ( MED8 ) encodes a subunit of the mediator complex ( MED ), which is critical for transcription. MED8 is highly expressed in some tumours and is associated with a poor prognosis. However, correlations between MED8 and clinical features of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have not been reported. Results: A univariate analysis showed that high MED8 expression predicts poor overall survival (HR: 2.495; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.740, 3.578; P < 0.001). A multivariate regression analysis showed that high MED8 (HR: 3.032 (1.817, 5.060); P < 0.001) expression and M stage (HR=4.075 (1.179-14.091) for M1 vs. M0, P=0.026) are independent prognostic indicator of poor overall survival in patients with HCC. The areas under the curve (AUC) for receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to describe the prognostic value of MED8 (AUC: 0.905 (0.849, 0.941)). Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Immune infiltration Analysis were applied to reveal significant enrichment differences among TCGA data. A functional analysis showed that the cell cycle checkpoints, mitotic G2-G2–M phases, transcriptional regulation by TP53, and regulation of TP53 activity were significantly enriched in DEGs associated with high MED8 expression. Th2 cells were positively correlated with MED8 expression. Conclusions: MED8 predicts poor prognosis in HCC, potentially via the regulation of the cell cycle regulation and Th2 cells. Key words: Mediator complex subunit 8, Mediator , hepatocellular carcinoma, prognosis, diagnostic biomarker
Insuring Well-being: Psychological Adaptation to Disasters
Authors: Yoo Sunbin , Kawabata Yuta , Kumagai Junya , Managi Shunsuke 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We examine the impact of life and health insurance spending on subjective well-being. Taking advantage of insurance spending and subjective well-being data on more than 700,000 individuals in Japan, we examine whether insurance spending can buffer declines in subjective well-being due to exposure to mass disaster. We find that insurance spending can buffer drops in subjective well-being by approximately 3–6% among those who experienced the mass disaster of the great East Japan earthquake. Subjective health increases the most, followed by life satisfaction and happiness. On the other hand, insurance spending decreases the subjective well-being of those who did not experience the earthquake by approximately 3–7%. We conclude by monetizing the subjective well-being loss and calculating the extent to which insurance spending can compensate for it. The monetary value of subjective well-being buffered through insurance spending is approximately 33,128 USD for happiness, 33,287 USD for life satisfaction, and 19,597 USD for subjective health for a person in one year. Therefore, we confirm that life/health insurance serves as an ideal option for disaster adaptation. Our findings indicate the importance of considering subjective well-being, which is often neglected when assessing disaster losses.
Potential Roles for Pattern Molecule of PAMP-triggered Immunity in Improving Crop Cold Tolerance
Authors: Jin Ye , Tuang Za Khai , Wang Yizhong , Wu Zhenjiang , Yang Wan-Nian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Pathogen infection cross-activates cold response and increase cold tolerance of host plants. However it is not possible to use the infection to increase cold tolerance of field plants. Here flagellin 22 (flg22), the most widely-studied PAMP, was used to mimic the pathogen infection to cross-activate cold response. Flg22 treatment alleviated the injury caused by freezing in Arabidopsis, oilseed and tobacco. In Arabidopsis, flg22 activated the expression of immunity and cold-related genes. Moreover the flg22 induced alleviation of cold injury was lost in NahG transgenic line (SA-deficient), sid2-2 and npr1-1 mutant plants, and flg22-induced expression of cold tolerance-related genes, which indicating that salicylic acid signaling pathway is required for the alleviation of cold injury by flg22 treatment. In short flg22 application can be used to enhance cold tolerance in field via a salicylic acid-depended pathway.
Endolithic Borers Drive Rates of Bioerosion Among Inshore Turbid Reefs in Western Australia
Authors: Dee Shannon , DeCarlo Thomas , Lozic Ivan , Neilsen Jake , Browne Nicola 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Bioerosion on turbid inshore reefs is expected to increase with global climate change reducing reef stability and accretionary potential. Most studies investigating bioerosion have focused on external grazers, such as parrotfish and urchins, whose biomass is more easily measured. Yet, cryptic endolithic bioeroders such as macroboring (worms, sponges and bivalves) and microboring taxa (fungus and algae) have the potential to be the dominant bioeroders, especially among inshore reef systems exposed to increased nutrient supply. We measured bioerosion rates of three bioeroder groups (microborers, macroborers, and grazers), and their response to environmental parameters (temperature, turbidity, light, chlorophyll a, salinity, pH) across two inshore reefs of north Western Australia. Total bioerosion rates were low (0.152 ± 0.012 kg m-1 yr-1) compared to average global rates, but were comparable to other inshore turbid reefs. Macroboring worms were the dominant source of bioerosion and displayed a significant negative relationship with temperature (r2= 0.24, P=0.008) and light (r2= 0.16, P=0.037). A global assessment of environmental influences on bioerosion further identified chlorophyll-a as a significant driver of macroboring (r2= 0.60, P=<0.001). Low bioerosion rates among marginal inshore reefs is encouraging as these reefs may be able to maintain a positive carbonate budget state despite lower coral cover and gross carbonate production rates. These data also highlight the necessity of reducing local impacts such as nutrient loads, which drive increases in chlorophyll a, to support marginal reef systems with climate change. Further, the development of empirical relationships that quantitatively link bioeroder activity and rates of environmental change will improve our ability to predict reef responses to environmental change, and better manage reefs into the future.
A Mathematical Modeling Framework To Detect The Optimal Financial Turning Points
Authors: Yazdani Fateme , Khashei Mehdi , Hejazi Seyed Reza 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The financial markets have always witnessed the competition of their participants for gaining high and stable profits. The realization extent of this goal depends on the profitability of the trading points or turning points (TPs) ahead. TPs prediction problem is one of the most challenging yet important problems in the financial discipline. The first step towards predicting financial TPs is to detect TPs from the history of the corresponding financial time series. Literature indicates that the profitability of the predicted financial TPs depends on the profitability of the detected TPs. Given this, numerous efforts have been devoted to enhancing the profitability of the detected financial TPs. Nevertheless, to the best of our knowledge, none of the existing detection methods can detect the most profitable or the optimal TPs from the history of financial time series. The present study concerns this research gap and ensures detecting the optimal financial TPs by proposing a mathematical modeling framework. The proposed optimal TPs detection model in this paper will be structured concerning the three following assumptions. First, short-selling the financial asset is possible. Second, the time value for the investment money is not considered. Third, detecting consecutive buying TPs and consecutive selling TPs is not allowed. Empirical results with twenty real data sets indicate that the proposed model, in contrast to the existing TPs detection methods, detects the optimal TPs from the history of the financial time series.