bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pterygium Removal: Knife Excision Versus Modified Evulsion Technique
Authors: Bhatti S M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Seventy-four pterygia were removed by knife excision (KE), and 85 using a modified evulsion technique (MET); follow up ranged from 6 months to 5 years (mean, 14 months). The recurrence rate with MET was 5.88%; with KE, 20.27%. This difference is statistically significant (p = .05)
The Endo-Mirror, a New Instrument for Ophthalmic Surgery Requiring Visualization of the Ciliary Sulcus
Authors: Kozawa Tadahiko , Osakabe Yasuhiro 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Safely suturing a posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC-IOL) to the ciliary sulcus requires a means of visualizing the ciliary sulcus, since it cannot be viewed directly with the operating microscope. We, therefore, created several trial instruments consisting of a mirror with a built-in light source, which we call an endo-mirror, designed for observing the area behind the iris. Using these instruments, we were able satisfactorily to view the ciliary sulcus and suture a PC-IOL to it, first in a number of animal eyes, and then, using an endo-mirror incorporating the best features of the trial versions, in actual clinical cases.
Anterior Capsulectomy Using an Ordinary Phacoemulsification Tip (Phaco-Capsulectomy)
Authors: Ayaki Masahiko 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
I performed an anterior capsulectomy in six eyes using an ordinary phacoemulsif ication (phaco) tip. The technique, which involves inserting a beveleddown phaco tip directly into the lens, created smooth and tear-free capsular openings. Although the procedure needs to be refined, I believe a phaco tip can be used effectively and easily to remove the anterior capsule.
Extracapsular Cataract Extraction and Posterior-Lip Sclerectomy With Viscoelastic
Authors: Merriam John C , Wahlig John B , Konrad Hindola , Zaider Marco 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A review of 15 cases suggests that posterior-lip sclerectomy can be performed safely with extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) and posterior chamber lens implantation. The anterior chamber was filled with viscoelastic at the end of each procedure; no case required reoperation for shallow chamber or hypotony. The mean intraocular pressure after 1 year was 12.1 mm Hg. The astigmatism induced by the triple procedure did not differ significantly from that caused by ECCE alone during the initial 2 postoperative years. A new mathematical model that describes the change over time of postoperative astigmatism associated with these procedures is described.
Temporary Keratoprosthesis for Surgical Management of Complicated Combined Anterior and Posterior Segment Injuries to the Eye: Combat- Versus Noncombat-Injury Cases
Authors: Soheilian Masoud , Ahmadieh H , Sajjadi H , Azarmina M , Miratashi A M , Peyman Gholam A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We used a Landers-Foulks temporary keratoprosthesis lens to combine penetrating keratoplasty with vitreoretinal surgery in 21 eyes of 21 patients. Ten of these patients were victims of combat injuries; 11 had traumatic injuries unrelated to war. After a mean follow up of 11 months, satisfactory overall results, ie, an attached retina and a clear cornea, were obtained in nine eyes (42.8%). In two, the retina was attached but the corneal graft was rejected. Eight eyes achieved a visual acuity of 5/200 or belter The visual prognosis as well as the rate of retinal reattachment for the combat-injured eyes were poorer than those for the traumatic noncombat-injured eyes. At the last follow-up examination, 60% of the combat-injured eyes were considered visually lost, as compared with 36.3% of the noncombat-injured eyes.
Successful Surgical Treatment of Hypotony Maculopathy Following Trabeculectomy With Topical Mitomycin C
Authors: Duker Jay S , Schuman Joel S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Hypotony maculopathy, a clinical syndrome consisting of choroidal folds, retinal folds, and optic disc edema, results from severe, chronically decreased intraocular pressure (IOP). Conventional therapy consists of procedures designed to normalize the IOR We treated a patient who developed hypotony maculopathy following trabeculectomy with mitomycin C. Despite normalization of the IOP with bleb revision, neither the posterior segment architecture nor visual acuity improved. Vitrectomy with mechanical flattening of the posterior segment via intra operati ve instillation of perfluorocarbon liquid was performed. The choroidal folds resolved and visual acuity improved from 20/200 to 20/20. In eyes with hypotony maculopathy in which the posterior segment anatomy and visual acuity do not improve after IOP normalization, vitrectomy with heavier-than-water liquids may improve vision.
A Scleral Shield for the Application of Mitomycin C During Trabeculectomy: A Rabbit Model
Authors: Mietz Holger , Addicks Klaus , Krieglstein Günter K 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The use of mitomycin C during trabeculectomy is associated with a significant degree of persistent hypotony. To address this problem, we designed a scierai shield with a dry sponge glued on it for use in applying m ito my ci n C that reduces the penetration of the substance through the sclera. The effectiveness of the shield was tested in a rabbit model using regular sponges and sponges with the attached shield. Histopathologic examination of the eyes after 1 month revealed toxic changes in the eyes in which only a regular sponge had been used, but not in those in which the sponges with the attached scierai shield had been used. The scierai shield may help reduce the incidence of hypotony in eyes undergoing trabeculectomy with adjunct i ve mitomycin C.
Arteriovenous Fistula Presenting as a Tumor of the Upper Eyelid
Authors: Busin Massimo , Graefe Christian , Koch Jurgen 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We report, to our knowledge for the first time, a case of arteriovenous fistula presenting as a tumor of the upper eyelid in an 80-year-old patient. Surgical excision through an anterior approach brought excellent cosmetic and functional results.
Trans-Nasal Flap for Medial Canthal Reconstruction
Authors: Custer Philip 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The trans-nasal flap is an effective method for repairing medial canthal defects following Mobs' surgery. This procedure transposes redundant skin from the nasal bridge into the defect. The construction of the flap, which minimizes the risk of medial canthal webbing, yielded excellent cosmetic results in 22 patients.
The Entropien Patch: A Method of Temporarily Correcting Involutional Entropion With Adhesive Tape
Authors: Irvine Simon , Francis Ian C , Bishop Arthur E , Baxter John 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A simply designed entropion patch provided effective temporary preoperative relief of the symptoms of lid malposition in lower lid involutional entropion in six patients. The patch is easily fashioned and used after appropriate instruction, with its design taking into account lid mechanics and the pathophysiology of involutional entropion.
Treatment of Postfiltration Bleb Leak by Bleb Injection of Autologous Blood
Authors: Smith Mary Fran , Magauran Raymond , Doyle J William 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We treated a persistent, brisk bleb-leak after trabeculectomy with mitomycin C by bleb injection of autologous blood. Following preparation with povidone iodine, approximately 0.5 cc of whole autologous blood was injected into the bleb at the slit lamp. The leak resolved after 36 hours, and after 9 months' follow up, continued to function well.
Conjunctival Ulcer in a Patient With Crohn's Disease
Authors: Hegab S M , Al-Mutawa S A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A 38-year-old woman with documented Crohn's disease (CD) had uniocular nodular episclerrtis and a limbal nodule with surrounding infiltrate, which, when healed, left residual pannus. The episcleral nodule was abnormally large (7x5x3 mm). A localized conjunctiva! ulcération, a rare manifestation, to our knowledge not previously reported, developed later in the same eye. Impression cytology of the ulcer showed pyknotic conjunctival epithelium and absence of goblet cells, together with the presence of a few plasma cells, lymphocytes, and macrophages. These features are comparable to those seen in the intestinal mucosa of patients with CD. The unilaterality of the ocular infection together with the good response to local therapy suggests that a local antigen-antibody immune complex reaction was involved. We recommend local therapy as a first treatment option.
Plasma Concentrations of Different Local Anesthetics After Facial Nerve Block
Authors: Schimek Franz , Friess Dietrich , Fahle Manfred 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The authors studied the plasma concentrations of several anesthetics to determine the relative safety of facial blocks as reflected by each anesthetic's kinetics.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Seventy-five patients undergoing cataract extraction received a proximal block of the facial nerve using prilocaine, lidocaine, mepivacaine, bupivacaine, or etidocaine.
* RESULTS: Mean plasma concentrations were significantly lower after the administration of prilocaine than they were after the administration of lidocaine and mepivacaine (P < .0008; multivariate analysis of variance, Roys max root). Plasma concentrations of lidocaine and mepivacaine or bupivacaine and etidocaine did not differ from each other. Mean plasma concentrations of prilocaine, lidocaine, and mepivacaine increased continuously for 15 to 22 minutes, whereas mean plasma concentrations of bupivacaine and etidocaine peaked after 10 and 9 minutes, respectively. Peak plasma concentrations of anesthetics were well below toxic levels in all patients.
* CONCLUSIONS: Although systemic toxicity resulting from the rapid absorption of local anesthetics after facial nerve block seems unlikely, prilocaine may be the anesthetic most preferred for such a block because of its high level of safety.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1996;27:862-868.]
Management of Coexisting Corneal Disease and Glaucoma by Combined Penetrating Keratoplasty and Trabeculectomy With Mitomycin-C
Authors: Figueiredo Regis S , Araujo Silvana V , Cohen Elisabeth J , Rapuano Christopher J , Katz L Jay , Wilson Richard P 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The man agement of coexistent corneal disease and uncontrolled glaucoma continues to be a challenging clinical situation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the results of combined penetrating keratoplasty and trabeculectomy with mitomycin-C.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was undertaken to review the records of nine patients who had corneal edema and high intraocular pressure managed by simultaneous penetrating keratoplasty and trabeculectomy with mitomycin-C.
* RESULTS: The nine patients had an average preoperative intraocular pressure of 26 mm Hg (range 17 to 41 mm Hg) and associated corneal edema. The average postoperative intraocular pressure at last follow-up was 19 mm Hg (range 5 to 53 mm Hg). Three patients needed additional procedures. Six of nine patients had intraocular pressures judged to be adequately controlled (11 ± 5 mm Hg, range 5 to 18 mm Hg) throughout the postoperative period (average follow-up 16 months). Grafts remained clear in seven patients. The grafts failed in two cases in which additional glaucoma surgery was necessary.
* CONCLUSION: Combined penetrating keratoplasty and trabeculectomy with mitomycin-C should be considered for selected patients with uncontrolled glaucoma and corneal disease who have sufficient conjunctiva for a filtering procedure.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1996;27:903-909.]
Approaching a 100% Success Rate Using Topical Anesthesia With Mild Intravenous Sedation in Phacoemulsification Procedures
Authors: Dinsmore Stephen C 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Phacoemulsification with topical anesthesia has been accepted by some ophthalmologists as a minimally invasive alternative technique for cataract surgery. This study approaches a 1 00% success rate using topical anesthesia with mild intravenous (IV) sedation in phacoemulsification procedures.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Two hundred consecutive patients underwent clear-comeal phacoemulsification. Patients were not preselected. Lidocaine hydrochloride topical anesthesia was supplemented with small-dose IV midazolam hydrochloride and/or fentanyl citrate. Patients underwent meticulous preoperative counseling. Those with dementia, deafness, movement disorders, or hyperanxiety, or those who spoke a foreign language or who were young required special management. Additional techniques were employed for ophthalmologic problems such as small pupil, mature cataract, and strong blink/Bell's phenomenon. Patient comfort was noted intraoperatively and postoperatively.
* RESULTS: Ninety-seven percent of the patients did well, with only 3% requiring regional block or general anesthesia.
* CONCLUSION: Using nucleofractis phacoemulsification with special techniques in more difficult situations, most patients were successful with topical anesthesia plus IV sedative anesthesia.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1996;27:935-938.]
Erbium:YAG Laser Ablation on Human Trabecular Meshwork by Contact Delivery Endoprobes
Authors: Dietlein Thomas S , Jacobi Philipp C , Krieglstein Günter K 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Photo ablation of the trabecular meshwork by the infrared laser is an experimental mode of glaucoma surgery.
* MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors studied different quartz fiber tips in erbium: YAG laser trabecular ablation. End-firing endoprobes (200 and 320 pm in core diameter) and a side-firing slope tip (200 pm in core diameter) were used. Ablation zones and collateral tissue damage in the trabecular meshwork of human donor eyes were analyzed using light and scanning electron microscopy.
* RESULTS: The 320-pm end-firing endoprobe most effectively photoablated trabecular tissue by creating large circular craters. The side-firing endoprobe yielded smaller elliptic apertures in the trabecular meshwork. Collateral tissue damage was similar for all endoprobes using pulse energies of 4 and 6 mj. Transmission impairment was obvious for all quartz fiber tips following frequent use.
* CONCLUSION: Larger end-firing contact fiberoptic probes provide larger ablation areas in the trabecular meshwork without augmentation of collateral tissue damage.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1996;27:939-945.]
An Evaluation of the Biocompatibility of Intraocular Lenses
Authors: Majima Kiyoyuki 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The degree of cell adhesion to intraocular lenses (IOLs) was studied through the cell culture system and the morphology of adhering cells was studied using a light electron microscope and a scanning electron microscope.
* MATERIALS AND METHODS: Human lens epithelial cells were used as materials. The IOL materials were classified into four groups: polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), heparin surface modified PMMA, surface passivated PMMA, and silicone.
* RESULTS: PMMA showed greater adhesion than did the other materials. Cells hardly adhered to silicone. Use of a light electron microscope and a scanning electron microscope revealed that cells adhered uniformly to the surface of PMMA and were elongated, but did not adhere uniformly to IOLs of other materials. Only a few cells without the tendency of elongation were noted on the silicone the second day after culture. The 14th day after culture, the surfaces of IOLs, except those of silicone, were covered with cells.
* CONCLUSION: Such differences in the surface adhesion and morphology of cells adhering to the IOL surface are important in evaluating IOL biocompatibility.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1996;27:946-951.]
Use of a Scleral Shield for the Application of Mitomycin-C During Trabeculectomy: Preliminary Clinical Results
Authors: Mietz Holger , Krieglstein Günter K 
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To reduce intraocular concentrations of mitomycin-C (MMC), the authors used a scleral shield instead of a surgical sponge for the application of MMC during surgery.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 20 patients were operated on using the scleral shield with MMC. These patients were observed for 6 months postoperatively.
RESULTS: The rate of hypotony was 25% (5 of 20 patients). Visual acuity was not markedly reduced, and no case of hypotony maculopathy developed. The success rate and complications were not different from those of previous studies using the surgical sponge.
CONCLUSION: The scleral shield may be advantageous for reducing the rate of hypotony maculopathy.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1996;27:989-994.]
Need for Confirmation of Positioning of Ruthenium Plaques by Postoperative B-Scan Ultrasonography
Authors: Anteby Irene I , Pe'er Jacob 
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Plaque positioning is of utmost importance for the effective treatment of intraocular lesions. The authors' objective was to verify the position of ruthenium plaques after surgical placement.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: The authors studied the positions of ruthenium- 106 (Ru- 106) plaques in 43 patients treated for choroidal tumors by B-scan echography on the first postoperative day.
RESULTS: In 29 of 43 eyes (67.4%) the episcleral plaque was found to be well centered 1 day after surgery. Ten eyes (23.3%) had borderline-placed plaques, and the remaining 4 (9.3%) plaques were malpositioned. All the malpositioned plaques were situated behind posterior tumors whose uncovered edge was adjacent to the optic nerve.
CONCLUSION: Ultrasonic verification in the postoperative period is essential to detect inadvertent misplacement or displacement of radioactive plaques. Plaque replacement or additional and modified treatment can be considered for those plaques found to have moved after the surgical placement.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1996;27:1024-1029.]
Efficacy of Argon Laser Trabeculoplasty in Aphakic and Pseudophakic Eyes
Authors: Schwartz Arthur L , Wilson Martin C , Schwartz Louis W 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the efficacy of argon laser trabeculoplasty (ALT) in patients with aphakia or pseudophakia.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: The authors retrospectively analyzed 63 eyes of 63 patients with aphakia or pseudophakia who had uncontrolled open-angle glaucoma and were treated with 180° or 360° ALT.
* RESULTS: The mean intraocular pressure (IOP) before ALT was 25.1 mm Hg (± 8.1 mm Hg). Two years after ALT, the mean IOP in the successfully treated group was 15.4 mm Hg. The mean survival time (50% success rate) for all treated eyes was 23 months, and treatment was successful in 34% of eyes at 36 months. Pseudophakic eyes had a better response than aphakic eyes (P = .06), and eyes that had extracapsular surgery did better than eyes with intracapsular surgery (P = .07).
* CONCLUSION: ALT in aphakic or pseudophakic eyes with uncontrolled glaucoma is a safe, reasonably effective treatment that can delay the need for trabeculectomy.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1997;28:215-218.]
Topical Anesthesia With Benoxinate 0.4% for Pterygium Surgery
Authors: Frucht-Perry Joseph 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Anesthesia during pterygium surgery is usually achieved with injections of anesthetic medications. This study evaluated the efficacy of topical anesthesia with benoxinate hydrochloride 0.4% for pterygium surgery.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred fifty consecutive patients who had primary or recurrent prerygium underwent surgical excision of the lesion. Before the surgical procedure began, each eye that was operated on received 1 drop of benoxinate hydrochloride 0.4% solution every 1 minute for 10 minutes. The pain sensation was tested with 0.12 forceps. The pterygium was dissected, and 1 or 2 conjunctival sutures were placed, leaving bare sclera. Drops of benoxinate hydrochloride 0.4% were added every 5 minutes during the operation.
* RESULTS: The average pterygium excision time in this study was 25 minutes. Of the 150 patients studied, only 3 required intraoperative injection of lignocaine 1%. In 2 cases, subconjunctival injection was performed, and in 1 case, retrobulbar injection was required to complete the procedure. Of the remaining 147 patients, 115 had discomfort or mild pain and asked for more anesthetics once or twice during the procedure. Postoperatively, the wounds epithelialized within 7 to 14 days in all patients, except for 2 who had postoperative dellen and 2 who received mitomycin-C postoperatively.
* CONCLUSION: Topical administration of benoxinate hydrochloride 0.4% provides useful anesthesia for pterygium surgery.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1997;28:219-222.]
Bleb Infections: Clinically Different Courses of "Blebitis" and Endophthalmitis
Authors: Ayyala Ramesh S , Bellows A Robert , Thomas John V , Hutchinson B Thomas 
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To assess the differences in history, clinical course, and response between five cases of blebitis and three cases of endophthalmitis following mitomycin trabeculectomy.
PATiENTS AND METHODS: The authors conducted a retrospective review of eight consecutive cases of bleb-related infection following successful mitomycin trabeculectomy.
RESULTS: All patients with blebitis responded to treatment with return of visual acuity and intraocular pressure to preinfection levels. In the three cases of endophthalmitis, one patient underwent enucleation, one had a final visual acuity of counting fingers, and the third had a visual acuity of 20/60.
CONCLUSIONS: Blebitis, a limited form of blebrelated infection with thin, cystic, leaky blebs, responds to intensive topical antibiotic treatment, returning visual acuity and IOP to preinfection levels. Bleb-related endophthalmitis causes a more virulent form of bleb-related infection that involves thin- or thick-walled blebs, with or without leakage, and poor visual prognosis despite immediate intensive topical, systemic, and intravitreal antibiotic administration combined with core vitrectomy.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1997;28:452-460.]
Risk Factors for Unsatisfactory Intraocular Pressure Control in Combined Trabeculectomy and Cataract Surgery
Authors: Yamagami Satoru , Hamada Naoki , Araie Makoto , Shirato Shiroaki 
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Trabeculectomy combined with posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL) insertion is often chosen for the treatment of glaucoma combined with cataract. In this study, the clinical prognostic indicators for late intraocular pressure (IOP) control in combined procedures were investigated.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: The clinical records of 60 eyes that underwent trabeculectomy combined with PC IOL implantation were retrospectively analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards model. All of the patients received postoperative 5-fluorouracil injections.
RESULTS: Extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) was found to be a statistically significant risk factor for unsatisfactory late IOP control (hazard ratio 2.54; P < .01) and for unsatisfactory filtering bleb appearance (hazard ratio 5; P < .001). The frequency of fibrin formation and the incidence of a transient IOP spike (> 25 mm Hg) were significantly lower in the phacoemulsification and aspiration (PEA) group than in the ECCE group. In the PEA group, the probability of IOP control (< 1 5 mm Hg) without medication was 54%, and the probability of persistent filtering bleb appearance was 80% at 18 months.
CONCLUSION: The PEA technique, not ECCE, should be employed in combined trabeculectomy and PC IOL implantation.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1997;28:476-482.]