bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First-principles study of the impact of chemical doping and functional groups on the absorption spectra of graphene
Authors: Panneerselvam Iyyappa Rajan , Chakraborty Pranay , Nian Qiong , Lu Yongfeng , Liao Yiliang , Wang Yan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The rational design of the electronic band structures and the associated properties (e.g. optical) of advanced materials has remained challenging for crucial applications in optoelectronics, solar desalination, advanced manufacturing technologies, etc. In this work, using first-principles calculations, we studied the prospects of tuning the absorption spectra of graphene via defect engineering, i.e. chemical doping and oxidation. Our computational analysis shows that graphene functionalization with single hydroxyl and carboxylic acid fails to open a band gap in graphene. While single epoxide functionalization successfully opens a bandgap in graphene and increases absorptivity, however, other optical properties such as reflection, transmission, and dielectric constants are significantly altered. Boron and nitrogen dopants lead to p- and n-type doping, respectively, while fluorine dopants or a single-carbon atomic vacancy cannot create a significant bandgap in graphene. By rigorously considering the spin-polarization effect, we find that titanium, zirconium, and hafnium dopants can create a bandgap in graphene via an induced flat band around the Fermi level as well as the collapse of the Dirac cone. In addition, silicon, germanium, and tin dopants are also effective in improving the optical characteristics. Our work is important for future experimental work on graphene for laser and optical processing applications.
Bilge System Design on 500 GT Ferry for Bulukumba–Selayar Route
Authors: Pawara M U , Setiawan W , Ikhwani R J , Alamsyah  , Wulandari A I , Suardi  , Nugraha A A M , Hidayat T , Ansori M I , Mahmuddin F 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A piping system is the main part of a system that connects the point where the fluid is stored to the point of accessing the pipe. Both pipe strength and pump capacity must be carefully considered because the safety of a ship will depend on the piping arrangement as well as on other ship equipment. The main function of the bilge pipe system is the drainage system in case of flooding in the compartment due to grounding or collision. Another function is the drainage system in the event of leaks on the welding root, condensation on the side shell leaks on the piping system (particularly in the engine room), and discharge water due to water-splash over the hatch. This study aimed to design a bilge piping system design using Autopipe Software with ASME B31.3 standard for the piping process. The design phase of the system is collecting data, then determining the load case. After that, selecting components needed for the construction of the system. The following step, making 3-dimensional modeling on Autopipe by entering input based on the determining components. Finally, validating the model, and proceed with the running model according to the specified load case. The result of the running model is the pipe stress level which is described in the stress code in the Autopipe. The final results are 3-dimensional drawings of the system and the number of components needed for constructing the system under Indonesian Classification Bureau (BKI) rules and ASME B31.3 standards for the piping process.
Cocoa plantation carbon stock at different years after planting (5,10,15) in Tomoni Beringin Jaya Village, East Luwu, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Nahdia  , Paembonan S A , Nasaruddin  
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to determine cocoa carbon stocks based on the conditions of cocoa plantations in Tomoni Beringin Jaya Village, East Luwu, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Carbon stocks were estimated from aboveground and belowground biomass using an allometric methodology. Sample sites were cocoa plantations; sampling intensity was 30% of the land planted with cocoa for 5 years (n = 214), 10 years (n=229) and 15 years (n=329), soil sampling disturb (measure soil organic carbon), un disturb (measure bulk soil bulk density) and soil bulk density at depth 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm. Carbon stock cocoa aboveground biomass at the age of 5 years (M45) was 1.89 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass was 0.56 ton C ha-1 with proportion 77.19%:22.81%. Carbon stock cocoa aboveground biomass at the age of 10 year (BR25) was 3.66 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass 1.01 ton C ha-1 with a proportion 78.37%:21.63%. Carbon stock cocoa aboveground biomass at 15 year (BR25) was 4.58 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass of 1.21 ton C ha-1 with a proportion 79.07%:20.93%. Cocoa carbon stock at 5 year, 10 year, and 15 year respectively increased, nevertheless mean annual carbon stock cocoa decreased in 5 years cocoa aboveground biomass was 0.37 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass 0.11 tonCa-1. Carbon stock cocoa 10 year aboveground biomass 0.36 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass 0.10 ton C ha-1. Carbon stock cocoa 15 year aboveground biomass 0.30 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass 0.08 ton C ha-1. Soil organic carbon showed dynamic under different year cocoa plantation. Soil organic carbon in cocoa plantation age 5 year was 0.031 tonCha-1, cocoa plantation age 10 year was 0.034 ton C ha-1, and cocoa plantation age 15 year was 0.043 ton C ha-1.
Influence of Number of Collisions Towards Asphalt Emulsion Mixture Stability Using Marshall Method (SNI 06-2489-1991)
Authors: Irianto  , Tumpu M. , Mabui D.S. , Mansyur  
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The development of road construction in Indonesia recently increased. This resulted in demand of asphalt, which is one of the materials used in the pavement mix has also increased. Aspalt emulsion in Indonesia have been applied, but only to the adhesive layer and the absorption layer. The Public Works Department of the Directorate General Bina Marga has issued several guidelines to guide the implementation of cold mix asphalt work. The use of emulsion asphalt mixture technology which has a low temperature will reduce emissions, reduce the amount of energy consumption, and avoid oxidation. This study aims to analyze the value of the optimum asphalt content (KAO) mixture of emulsion asphalt CSS-1h and to analyze the effect of the number of collisions on the stability of the emulsion asphalt mixture. The results show that based on the relationship between the emulsion asphalt content and all Marshall and volumetric parameters, the optimum residual asphalt content is obtained. The emulsion is 5.5%. The impact of the collision on the stability value increases with the number of collisions. This test results in stability values of 1223.5 kg, 1373 kg and 1401.1 kg for normal specimens while for immersed test objects the remaining stability values are 51.7 kg, 59 kg, 68.2 kg. Based on the values obtained, this test is declared to meet the specifications for the cold mix emulsion asphalt.
The effect of raw material composition of mixed carbonized canary shell and coal bio briquettes on caloric value
Authors: Widodo S , Asmiani N , Jafar N , Artiningsih A , Nurhawaisyah S R , Harwan  , Chalik C A , Thamrin M. , Husain J R 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The fuel consumption rate rises and is expected to increase continuously, causing fuel supplies to be depleted and this condition forces the community to find alternative sources of fuel such as bio-briquettes. The waste of canary shells is widespread in Indonesia and can be used as an alternative energy source of bio-briquette making. There is a need for study on the influence of raw materials bio-briquette mixture of coal and canary shells against the value of calories produced. Bio-briquette making in this study have been done using canary shell and coal with a composition: (250 gr coal/canary shell: 12.5 tapioca starch: 50 ml water). Before briquette making, the canary shell samples are pirolysed and a grain-size reduction is performed on both of coal and canary shells. Canary shell and coal bio-briquettes are made with four variations (types). The types of bio briquette are: type I of bio-briquette with a composition of 250 gr (coal) + 12.5 gr (tapioca starch) + 50 ml (water). Type II of bio-briquette with a composition of 250 gr (canary shell) + 12.5 gr (tapioca starch) + 50 ml (water). Type III of bio-briquette with a composition of 62.5 gr canary shell + 62.5 gr coal + 12.5 gr (tapioca starch) + 50 ml (water). Bio-briquette type IV consist of 93.75 gr (canary shell) + 31.25 (coal) + 12.5 gr (tapioca starch) + 50 ml (water). After preparation, all bio briquettes are analyzed to determine the caloric value. The results of the study shows bio-briquette type I has a caloric value of 5,539 kcal/g, bio-briquette type II produces the highest calorie value of 6,354 kcal/g, and bio-briquette type III is 6,020 kcal/g. Further more bio-briquette Type IV indicate caloric value of 6,096 kcal/g. Bio-briquette type IV is the most recommended in the utilization because of the goal of this study is to use canary shell as an alternative fuel.
Economic Feasibility of a Small-Scale Wind Turbine in Coastal Area of South Sulawesi
Authors: Mahmuddin F , Puspitasari N , Pawara M U 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
To evaluate the exploitation potential of wind energy in the coastal area of South Sulawesi, Indonesia, an investigation on the economic feasibility of this project was performed. A 300-watt horizontal wind turbine was used as an example installed turbine. The wind speed range of 4-7 m/s which was the wind speed data in the coastal area of South Sulawesi was computed. The main economic analysis method employed was Capital Budgeting Analysis (CBA) method. In this method, 4 (four) indicators were used to evaluate the feasibility of the project which are payback period (PBP), net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), and benefit-cost ratio (BCR). A visual basic computer program based on the CBA method was also developed to make the computation more convenient. From the study, it was found that the wind speed range of 4-6 m/s resulted in a non-feasibility project while the highest wind speed (7 m/s) was found to be quite strong to make the project feasible.
Development of Real-Time Monitoring System for an Off-Grid Photovoltaic System
Authors: Sesa M , Mahmuddin F 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In operating a photovoltaic system, it is required to employ hardware and software systems to monitor the parameter of the results of the solar panel conversion. Usually, monitoring the photovoltaic system is done by manual gauges and recording the measured results manually which would require a human hand. The present research designed and developed a real-time monitoring system for an off-grid photovoltaic system that could monitor the photovoltaic system performance automatically. The monitoring system design has 2 (two) subsystems. The first subsystem is a hardware system in the form of an electronic data logger system equipped with an SD card. This allowed data to be recorded on an SD card. The second sub-system is a software design developed using Microsoft in Visual Basic. The hardware and software were connected to monitor the photovoltaic results and recorded the obtained data in an SD card for further analysis.
Strategic Planning as a Mediation of The Influence of Organizational Climate and Competence to Competitive Advantage of Private Higher Education
Authors: Susanto A B , Kurniaty  , Purnamie T , Kapriani  
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn resource-based learning (RBV) emphasizing the improvement of the competitive advantage derived from the organization’s strategic resources This research is designed to support and develop models of competitive advantage that are appropriate for private universities based on their own resources. Data in this study were collected using a questionnaire for 9 months. The population in this study are universities in Indonesia. The sampling technique using purposive sampling. The results of the study show that the advantages possessed by the existing tertiary institutions differ from each other depending on the competencies of each of the tertiary institutions.
Rare Earth Elements Distribution in Weathered Volcanic Rock from Mamuju Area, West Sulawesi
Authors: Ritonga R , Maulana A , Tonggiroh A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The study on the distribution of rare earth elements (REE) was carried out from bedrock and its weathering profile at North Botteng Village, Simboro District and Kelapa Tujuh Village, Mamuju District, Mamuju Regency, West Sulawesi. This study aims to determine the potential and distribution of REE in the bedrock and its weathering profile and to identify the REE-bearing bedrock type. In addition, the relationship between REE and Zr element as one of REE associated elements is also discussed. The analytical method used include petrographic observations to identify the REE-bearing host rock and the ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) method to determine the REE content. Samples were taken from drilled hole samples in three different locations and classified into three groups, namely Group 1 (K-01 drill hole sample) and Group 2 (K-62 drill hole sample) from Kelapa Tujuh while Group 3 taken from the P-05 drill hole sample from North Botteng Village. Petrographic observations on the bedrock show that the REE are hosted by phonolitic leucitite composed of mainly leucite as phenocryst set in K-feldspar, plagioclase, pyroxene and opaque groundmass. REE content (expressed as TRE2O3 or total rare earth oxides) show a high concentration values ranging from 2000 - 6400 ppm and display variations enrichment in depth. The highest total REE content in Group 1 found in samples from 9 - 11 meters depth, which is 4600 ppm, while in Group 2 the highest concentration is from 4 - 5 meters depth with a total REE value of 2380 ppm and in Group 3 the highest value of REE content encountered at a depth of 6 - 7 meters, which is 6400 ppm. Zr content in Group 1 samples shows value range between 1780 - 2870 ppm whereas in Group 2 ranges from 1670 - 2380 ppm with the highest Zr concentration at a depth of 4 meters while in Group 3 the Zr content show values ranging from 2100 ppm - 4480 ppm with the highest concentration encountered a depth of 11 meters. The study results suggest that the relationship between REE and Zr element in Group 2 samples showed a positive relationship. Meanwhile, the Group 1 and 3 samples show a varied relationship. The REE concentration is controlled by elevation, in which areas with higher REE concentrations are encountered at elevations above 359 meter above sea level (masl) while low REE content concentrates in areas with elevations below 365 masl. REE enrichment is caused by weathering process that occurs on phonolitic leucite in the study area.
Study of Improving Soil Using Permit, Corn Ash and Sodium Silicate
Authors: Erwanto W , Parea. R. R , Ermitha. A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Soil that has low bearing capacity has a bad impact on the construction that is built on it as a result of which the building is easily damaged such as lifting the foundation on the building and causing cracks and shifting on the road. This research uses experimental laboratory methods. Soil samples used were taken from Lembang Tondon Siba’ta, Tondon District. Corn cobs were taken from Sa’dan Marante, Sodium silicate is obtained from chemical figures and palm fiber taken from Buntu Tagari and then tested for soil physical characteristics and soil bearing capacity in soil samples with a mixture of sodium silicate, corncob ash, palm fiber and soil without mixture. know the bearing capacity of the soil. The results of the research on stabilized soil by adding 0.2% palm fiber, 2% corncob ash and 3% sodium silicate obtained an increase in soil bearing capacity of 9.73% from the original soil and the addition of 0.2% palm fiber, 4% corncob ash and 3% sodium silicate.
Slum Handling Strategy Based On Community Social Economic Characteristics In The Slum Area In Bantaeng Sub-District, Bantaeng District, South Sulawesi
Authors: Budianto A , Wikantari R , Rahmadanih  
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Bantaeng District is one of the sub-districts in Bantaeng Regency, South Sulawesi Province, with a slum settlement problem. The increase in slum areas between 2014-2019 by 132.58 hectares shows the need for more effective treatment, which focuses on improving social and economic aspects to prevent the emergence of new slum settlements. This study aims to identify the socio-economic characteristics of the community in the slum area and formulate a slum management strategy. The results showed that, in general, the socio-economic characteristics of the people in the slum areas were shallow, including the level of education, most of whom only graduated from elementary school, work as laborers and farmers, and income ranged from Rp. 800,000 - Rp. 1,400,000 per month, with most of the land they occupy without ownership documents or are illegal. However, there are several better socio-economic conditions, such as the head of the family mostly still productive, the density of occupancy, which is mostly still above 7m2, adequate drinking water and sanitation facilities, and ownership of mostly self-owned buildings. Strategies that can be implemented are to encourage the improvement of the socio-economic quality of the community, involve the community in slum handling actions, and make the slum eradication program a priority program of the regional government.
The influence of intrusion on change characteristic of coal in Mallawa Formation of South Sulawesi Province
Authors: Anshariah A , Imran M , Widodo S , Irvan UR 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Coal that is deposited in the same depositional environment, age, and formation will usually have the same characteristics. However, the influence of geological conditions in an area can cause differences in the characteristics of coal in the same formation. This study aims to analyze geological factors that can affect differences in the characteristics of coal in the same depositional environment, age and formation. The study was conducted at three different locations, namely Mallawa District, Maros Regency; Lanne District, Pangkep Regency; and Massenrengpulu Region, Bone Regency. The coal sampling method in the study area uses the channel sampling method (ply by ply) which represents the bottom, middle and top coal seams. The results of the proximate analysis of coal in the Mallawa District Maros Regency showed an average moisture content of 7.78%, an average ash content of 39.99%, volatile matter 32.85%, and fixed carbon 19.39%. While in the area of Lanne District, Pangkep Regency shows an average moisture content of 9.65%, an average ash content of 40.41%, volatile matter 33.80%, and fixed carbon 16.16%. The results of proximate analysis in the Massenrengpulu area of Pangkep Regency showed an average moisture content of 3.86%, an average ash content of 23.16%, volatile matter 35.53%, and fixed carbon 37.46%. Coal from Mallawa and Lanne District has relatively the same characteristics, while the Massenrengpulu coal has lower moisture and ash content, and higher fixed carbon caused by the intrusion of igneous rocks in the area which causes the coal maturation process to be faster than the other two regions.
Effect compressive strength and split tensile strength of concrete using aggregate from Tana Toraja district with fly ash substitution
Authors: Wong I L K 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Development in Indonesia is increasing day by day. This has resulted in the construction sector from year to year experiencing a lot of progress both in terms of planning/design and in terms of updating the construction methods used. Tana Toraja regency is precise in Saluputti districts. the Maulu river is a source of a lot of coarse and fine aggregates that can be used as a material for mixing concrete. Because this area is the meeting point between the largest rivers. especially in Tana Toraja. Therefore. in this study. coarse and fine aggregates from Tana Toraja. Saluputti district are used as research objects with fly ash as an additional ingredient. The research objective was to determine the effect of fly ash substitution on compressive strength and split tensile in concrete with Tana Toraja aggregate and to determine the characteristics of the concrete produced using the aggregate from Tana Toraja with fly ash substitution. The research method is a sample testing method. in which 72 samples were tested consisting of 36 samples of compressive strength and 36 samples of split tensile strength. The test was carried out at the Concrete Structure and Material Laboratory. Department of Civil Engineering. Universitas Kristen Indonesia Paulus – Makassar South Sulawesi. The results showed that the use of fly ash as a partial substitute for cement would reduce the strength of concrete compared to concrete without the use of fly ash. The greater the level of fly ash given. the strength of the concrete will be reduced by using the aggregate from Tana Toraja district.
Commercial Advantages of Soybeans Commodities South Sulawesi
Authors: Gaffar N F , Mahyuddin  , Tenriawaru A N 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The first step towards an efficient agriculture is the determination of superior commodities that are sought in order to obtain commodities that have a comparative advantage. The purpose of this study is to analyze the comparative advantages of soybean commodity in the production center areas, namely Bone Regency and Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi. The location selection was done purposively with the consideration that Bone Regency and Takalar Regency were one of the soybean production centers in South Sulawesi. The research method is quantitative analysis using Location Quotient Analysis (Location Quotient: LQ). Based on the results of the study, using the Location Quotient Analysis (LQ) in accordance with the second objective of analyzing the comparative advantage of soybean commodities in the production centers of Bone and Takalar Districts shows LQ <1. Where these results indicate that soybeans in Bone and Takalar Districts are categorized as the nonbase sector or can also be said to have no comparative advantage because it produces LQ <1, namely for Bone District (0.80688338) and Takalar District (0.7745655). It is said to have no comparative advantage when compared to rice and corn.