bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CONDITIONS OF MONOTONE APPROXIMATION OF RAMSEY CURVES AND THEIR MODIFICATIONS
Authors: Kurnosenko Daria , Savchuk Volodymyr , Tuluchenko Halyna 
Published: December 2021

The algorithm for approximating the experimental data of the Ramsey curve and its modifications has been developed, which provides a monotonic increase of the approximating function in the interval [0;\infty) and an existence of a given number of inflection points. The Ramsey curve belongs to the family of logistic curves that are widely used in modeling of limited increasing processes in various subject fields. The classical Ramsey curve has two parameters and has a left constant asymmetry. It is also known that its three-parameter modification provides the possibility of displacement along the axes of ordinate. The extensive practical use of the Ramsey curve with both two and more parameters for approximating experimental dependences is restrained by the frequent loss by this curve of the logistic shape when approximating without additional restrictions on the relationships between its parameters. The article discusses modifications of the Ramsey curve with three and five parameters. The first and second derivatives of the studied modifications of the Ramsey function have a special structure. They are products of polynomial and exponential functions. This allows using Sturm's theorem on the number of polynomial roots in a given interval to control the shape of the approximating curve. It has been shown that with an increase in the number of parameters for the modified curve, the number of possible combinations of restrictions on the values of the parameters ensuring the preservation of its like shape increases significantly. The solution to the approximation problem in this case consists of solving a sequence of conditional global optimization problems with different constraints and choosing a solution that provides the smallest approximation error. Also, the studies of the accuracy of estimating the parameters of the Ramsey curve in accordance with the accuracy of the experimental data have been carried out. In order to simulate the presence of measurement errors, the values of a normally distributed random variable with a mathematical expectation equal to zero and different values of the standard deviation for different series of computational experiments were added to the values of the deterministic sequence. Computational experiments have shown a significant sensitivity of the values of the Ramsey function parameters to the measurement accuracy of experimental data.
EFECTIVINESS ON TRAINING PROGRAM OF INTEGRATING CHARACTER EDUCATION IN LEARNING AT MGMP PKn SMP IN TAPIN
Authors: . Fatimah 
Published: December 2021

The main goal of this research is to analyzed the efectiviness of the implementation of on training program integrating character education in the learning of Civic Education for the learning teacher community of civics education subyect of yunior high school in Tapin district. The research in evaluative research by using an evaluation model in mesuare the efectiviness of the program Kirkpartrick. Data are collected techniques using Qualitative approach with technichques observation, interviews, and documentation., also questionerres. The reactions showed a high level of response categories and efective, learning level is efective, level behavioral is efective and very useful, because it change behavior in teachers attitude, skill and knawledge, and resuls level showed a responsibility of civics education teachers giving positive response as seen from their working effectiveness as the manifestation of qualities of working and creativity.
ANALYSIS OF CLASICAL TEST THEORY (CTT) APPROCH ON ACADEMIC ABILITY TEST INSTRUMENT
Authors: Pratama Dinar 
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study to estimate the parameters in Clasical Test Theory (CTT) approach on Academic Ability Test Instrument new students of IAIN Syaikh Abdurrahman Siddik Bangka Belitung academic year 2018/2019. Data was collected through documentation techniques in the form of 425 sheets of student test answers. Based on the results of data analysis, it is known that the index of difficulty level in all problem fields has not shown a balance of comparison of easy, medium and difficult questions. The average questions are distributed in the medium category questions with a percentage of 25% easy questions, 51% medium questions, and 24% difficult questions. Distinguishing power index, in all question areas shows there are 37% of questions that are able to distinguish test takers 'abilities and as many as 18% questions are not able to distinguish test takers' abilities. While the effectiveness of distractors there are 239 or 79.6% functioning and there are 61 or 20.3% of the non-functioning distractors. The results of the validity analysis of 100 questions obtained 54% which have a coefficient of validity more than 1.59 and as many as 46% that have a coefficient value less than 1.59. For the overall reliability coefficient, a value of 0.81 is obtained. This means that 80% of the difference in scores obtained by test takers with others is their pure score difference or is not influenced by other factors as a source of error in the measurement.
Keywords: clasical theory test, test instruments.
A THE FUNCTIONALITY OF THE MIDDLE VALUE OF THE INDONESIAN VERSION OF EMOTIONAL LEARNING INSTRUMENT
Authors: Sulaeman Erwin , Rahayu Wardani , Kamaruddin Erdawaty , Widodo Winona Amanda Tiara , Widodo Winona Amanda Tiara 
Published: December 2021

This article discusses the psychometric validity of the Indonesian version of emotional learning instruments with a scale of five and four response categories. The purpose of this study is to produce an Indonesian version of emotional learning instrument with an effective response category scale used by Indonesians. The instrument is a modification of the scale of the Learning Environment Research Questionnaire on Emotional Climate Classroom. This study is a survey of 1494 responses of 7th and 8th grade junior high school students. Samples were selected by random sampling and based on considerations of schools implementing the 2013 Curriculum. Modification instruments consisting of 43 items were tested in obtaining validity based on item difficulty estimations and psychometric criteria with Rasch modeling. The results of this study indicate that the Andrich threshold validity testing meets the monotonic characteristics and the Standardized Residual Correlation is higher, so the scale of the five response categories is more effective to measure the Indonesian version of emotional learning instruments than the scale of the four response categories.
Keywords: Functionality of middle value, ELVI, Rasch Modeling
THE APPLICATION OF E-LEARNING MATHEMATICS USING MOODLE IN IMPROVING STUDENTS' PROBLEM SOLVING ABILITY
Authors: Kamaruddin Erdawaty 
Published: December 2021

E-learning is an online-based learning process that cannot replace conventional learning models in the classroom, but can support that model through the enrichment of content and development of educational technology. The use of e-learning is very useful, because it can train students to be more independent in gaining knowledge, high learning flexibility in accessing learning materials at all times and repeatedly, saving educational costs, and facilitating the renewal of learning materials and models in accordance with the demands of scientific development that happened. Problem solving is a high level cognitive ability that is complex, because when solving a problem, students need to think critically to be able to see a problem and think creatively to be able to solve the problem. Therefore, teachers are required to be able to shape students to have innovative, creative, and critical thinking abilities. For this reason, efforts are needed to improve teacher performance so that they can carry out their duties as one of the determining factors in achieving the quality of learning and improving student learning outcomes, especially in developing learning media based on e-learning. Based on these assumptions a problem arises in this study, namely: "What is the strategy of developing a prototype e-learning Mathematics learning tool using Moodle in order to improve students' problem solving abilities?". Specific targets in this study are: prototype e-learning Mathematics learning tools using Moodle. This research is a Research and Development that was carried out for seven months in the Computer Laboratory of PTIK FT UNJ.
ONLINE LEARNING EVALUATION OF PAI CLASS 5 STUDENTS MIN 1 LANGSA
Authors: Siti Rahma 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
Education is the process of changing the attitude and behavior of a person or group for the better through teaching / guidance and training. In the process, the teacher plays an important role in the delivery of material so that it has an influence on the success of their students. The subject learning of PAI (Islamic education) at MIN 1 Langsa is currently less effective and efficient due to the Covid-19 pandemic (corona virus disease) which makes teachers and students unable to meet face to face directly. Students asked to learn from home using online media.Online learning is undirect face-to-face learning between teachers and students by accessing internet networks and using social media to interact or exchange information. This study aims to describe the online learning of Islamic Education lessons at MIN 1 Langsa. The research approach is descriptive qualitative using primary and secondary data sources. The data collection uses the method of observation, documentation and interviews. The analysis of data using reduction, display data and conclusion.The result of the research showed that online learning PAI lessons carried out at MIN 1 Langsa used the Whatsapp application. Students at home are accompanied by their parents in studying the material and exercises provided by their teachers through the Whatsapp application. Because learning is done online, teachers must be more thorough and focused in evaluating learning activities. Students also complained that they had difficulties with poor internet networks. Some of them also do not have cell phones based on Android and some are not proficient in using them, it is making the learning process ineffective.Keywords: learning, online, students
Produksi, Karakteristik Fisik, dan Organoleptik Varietas Unggul Spesifik Lokasi “Srikayang” Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Purwaningsih Heni , Wiranti Endang Wisnu , Kristamtini NFN , Indrasari Siti Dewi 
Published: December 2021

<p><strong>(<em>Production, Physical, and Organoleptic Characteristics of Superior Varieties Specific Location “Srikayang” Special Region of Yogyakarta</em>)</strong></p><p><strong><br /></strong>Bawang merah merupakan salah satu komoditas unggulan hortikultura semusim yang sejak lama telah diusahakan oleh petani secara intensif di Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui produksi, karakteristik fisik, dan organoleptik bawang merah lokal Kabupaten Kulon Progo, yaitu varietas Srikayang. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) dengan lima ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa varietas lokal Srikayang memiliki keunggulan dibanding varietas eksisting lainnya, yaitu Tajuk, Bima, dan Siem. Hasil ubinan tertinggi varietas Srikayang 10,63 ton/ha. Varietas Srikayang memiliki, berat umbi 5,47 g sedangkan Tajuk 3,65 g, Bima 5,69 g, dan Siem 4,14 g. Jumlah umbi per rumpun verietas Srikayang lebih banyak dibanding varietas lain, yaitu 9,82 g, Tajuk 8,37 g, Bima 6,78 g, dan Siem 9,37 g. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa varietas Siem dan Srikayang tidak berbeda nyata. Jumlah umbi per rumpun tertinggi varietas Srikayang 50,03 g. Kecerahan umbi varietas Srikayang tertinggi sebesar 43,74 dibanding varietas lainnya. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa varietas lokal Srikayang layak dibudidayakan karena memiliki keunggulan dibanding varietas lain (Tajuk, Bima, dan Siem).</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Karakteristik fisik; Organoleptik; Srikayang; Varietas lokal</p><p><strong>Abstract </strong></p><p>Shallot is one of the leading commodities of horticultural crops that have long been cultivated by farmers intensively at Kulon Progo Regency since long time. The aim of research was to know the production, physical and organoleptic characteristics of local shallot at Kulon Progo Regency, namely Srikayang variety. The experimental design used Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with five replications. The results showed that local variety of Srikayang have advantages compared to other existing varieties namely Tajuk, Bima, and Siem. Srikayang variety hads a weight tuber of 5.47 g, while Tajuk 3.65 g; Bima 5.69 g; and Siem 4.14 g. Total of tubers per clump Srikayang more than other varieties that was 9.82 Tajuk; 8.37, Bima, 6.78 and Siem 9.37. The results of statistical analysis show that Siem and Srikayang were not significantly different. Srikayang had highest of total of bulb was 50.03 g and yield was 10.63 tonnes/ha. The brightness of Srikayang was the highest 43.74 compared to other varieties. Srikayang variety had the highest panelist acceptance value of 3.33 means that this variety was favored based on the result of organoleptic test. From the result of research it can be concluded that Srikayang decent cultivated because it hads moreadvantages compared to other varieties (Tajuk, Bima, and Siem).</p>
Investigation On Stabilization/Solidification Characteristics of Lead Contaminated Soil Using Innovative Composite Model of Cement And Soda Residue
Authors: An Xiaoyu , Zuo Dianjun , Wang Fei , Liang Chao 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The cement solidification/stabilization method of heavy metal contaminated soils has been promoted in engineering practice and applied on a large scale for site remediation, but it still reveals some scientific problems in the current complex and variable global extreme climate. To solve these problems and explore cement-based soil remediation technology, this study used the waste soda residue produced in large quantities in the "ammonia-soda process" as a composite additive, and established an innovative composite model of cement and soda residue by adding different ratios, which was applied to the remediation experiments of lead-contaminated soil. The innovative composite model solidification/stabilization of cement and soda residue for unconfined compressive strength and toxic leaching properties under different soil environmental conditions were investigated. Moreover, curing and leaching mechanisms are discussed, and future industrial practice was evaluated. The results showed that the addition of soda residue improved the early (20 days) unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of the composite curing agent for lead-contaminated soil by an average of 23.1% Mpa. When the percentage of soda residue composite was 40%, the UCS strength was 0.96 Mpa, which reached the maximum. The concentration of Pb2+ in the leachate of the cement-soda residue composite curing agent was greatly reduced (average 3.28 times) compared with that of a single cement in the same situation, with an average leached Pb2+ concentration of 1.87 mg·L-1. This indicates that the addition of alkali residue improved the curing effect. The curing mechanism was divided into four steps, mainly a complex physicochemical reaction between the cement-soda residue composite and soil particles. The leaching mechanism of cement-soda residue to aqueous solution is mainly the consumption of acid ions by alkaline substances. This study will provide scientific data to support potential lead-containing soil in site remediation technologies and future large-scale engineering applications.
Cloning, Expression and Characterization of a Peptibody To Deplete Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells in a Murine Mammary Carcinoma Model
Authors: akbari khadijeh ramezani-ali , Khaki-Bakhtiarvand Vahid , Mahmoudian Jafar , Asgarian-Omran Hossein , Shokri Fazel , Hojjat-Farsangi Mohammad , Jeddi-Tehrani Mahmood , Shabani Mahdi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are an immature heterogeneous population of myeloid lineage that attenuate the anti-tumor immune responses. Depletion of MDSCs has been shown to improve efficacy of cancer immunotherapeutic approaches. Here, we produced and characterized a recombinant peptibody capable of recognizing and depleting murine MDSCs. Using SOE-PCR, the coding sequence of the MDSC binding peptide and linker were synthesized and then ligated into a home-made expression plasmid containing mouse IgG2a Fc. The peptibody construct was transfected into CHO-K1 cells by lipofectamine 3000 reagent and the resulting fusion protein was purified with protein G column and subsequently characterized by ELISA, SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting. The binding profile of the peptibody to splenic MDSCs and its MDSC depletion ability were then tested by flow cytometry. The purified peptibody appeared as a 70 kDa band in Western blot. It could bind to 98.8% of splenic CD11b+/Gr-1+ MDSCs. In addition, the intratumoral MDSCs were significantly depleted after peptibody treatment compared to their PBS-treated negative control counterparts (P <0.05). In this study, a peptibody capable of depleting intratumoral MDSCs, was produced. Our results imply that it could be considered as a potential drug effective for immunotherapy of cancers.
Effects of low concentration of proanthocyanidins and oxidation conditions on myofibrillar protein in chicken breast muscle
Authors: Li Jingyuan , Zheng Zhuoqi , Li Songyan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this study, the effect of low concentration of proanthocyanidins (extracted from grape seeds) on the gel properties of chicken breast myofibrillar protein was studied. The addition of proanthocyanidins could strengthen the spatial structure of myofibrillar proteins and slow down the gel oxidation. The threshold value of the addition amount of proanthocyanidins refers to the threshold value of NaNO2, a commonly used food additive in meat products, closer to the actual production and application. In the threshold range, low concentration of proanthocyanidins had more stable water retention and slower structural decay. High concentration of proanthocyanidins’ gel (PG) had better stability in the first ten days, but a rapid decline occurred after 10 days. Raman microscope showed that the gel formed after adding proanthocyanidins had more compact spatial structure and smaller pore size, which was more conducive to maintaining water content. In this experiment, when the amount of proanthocyanidins exceeded the national standard threshold, the spatial structure of the gel was destroyed, and the data were disordered. Proanthocyanidins extracted from grape seeds (PFGS) could be appropriately added within the national standard threshold, which was beneficial to the stability, oxidation resistance and texture of the gel. Therefore, improving the stability of protein gel systems was important for the design and development of novel food products.
Simulative Investigation of FMCW Based Optical Photonic Radar And Its Different Configurations
Authors: Sharma Abhishek , Malhotra Jyoteesh 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Intelligent transportation is becoming integral part of future smart cities where driverless operations may provide hassle free conveyance. Photonic radar technology is one such contender to deliver attractive applications in autonomous vehicle sector. In this paper we have discussed the basic principle of frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) photonic radar and their possible advantages. Further the basic detection schemes that is direct detection and coherent detection is explained mathematically as well as numerical simulations to understand workings is also carried out. The obtained results concludes that direct detection scheme provides minimal complexity in its architecture and is sensitive to received signal strength at the cost of thermal noise and poor sensitivity. On the other hand, coherent detection offers higher target range estimation as well as velocity measurement at the expense of increased system complexity.
Acupuncture In The Real World: Evaluating a 15-Year NADA Auricular Acupuncture Service For Breast Cancer Survivors Experiencing Hot Flushes And Night Sweats As a Consequence of Adjuvant Hormonal Therapies
Authors: de Valois Beverley , Young Teresa Elaine , Thorpe Pam , Degun Tarsem , Corbishley Karen 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
PurposeWhile clinical trials provide valuable data about efficacy of interventions, findings often do not translate into clinical settings. We report real world clinical outcomes of a 15-year service offering breast cancer survivors auricular acupuncture to manage hot flushes and night sweats (HFNS) associated with adjuvant hormonal treatments. This service evaluation aims to 1) assess whether usual practice alleviates symptoms in a clinically meaningful way and 2) compare these results with scientific evidence. MethodsData were analysed from 415 referrals to a service offering women eight standardised treatments using the National Acupuncture Detoxification Association (NADA) protocol. Outcome measures administered at baseline, end of treatment (EOT), and four- and 18- weeks after EOT included Hot Flush Diaries, Hot Flush Rating Scale (HFRS) and Women’s Health Questionnaire (WHQ).Results2285 treatments were given to 300 women; 275 (92.3%) completed all eight treatments. Median daily frequency of HFNS reduced from 9.6 (IQR 7.3) to 5.7 (IQR 5.8) at EOT and 6.3 (IQR 6.5) 18 weeks after EOT. HFRS problem rating showed a clinically meaningful reduction of ≥2 points at all measurement points. WHQ showed improvements in several symptoms associated with the menopause. Two adverse events were reported, neither were serious. Results are comparable to published research.ConclusionThis first analysis of a long-term auricular acupuncture service compares favourably with outcomes of other studies for reducing HFNS frequency and associated menopausal symptoms. In day-to-day clinical practice, NADA appears to be a safe effective intervention for breast cancer survivors.
Grasslands And Forests In Nebraska Are Vulnerable To Tree Invasion From Roadsides
Authors: Hogan Katharine F.E. , Fogarty Dillon T. , Ellerman Hugh , Fill Christopher T. , Morales Daniel , Seguin Baxter , Uden Daniel R. , Allen Craig R. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Roadsides can be vectors for tree invasion within grasslands by bisecting landscapes and facilitating propagule spread to interior habitat. Current invasive tree management in North America’s Great Plains focuses on reducing on-site (i.e., interior habitat) vulnerability through on-site prevention and eradication, but invasive tree management of surrounding areas known to serve as invasion vectors, such as roadsides and public rights-of-ways, is sporadic. We surveyed roadsides for invasive tree propagule sources in a southeastern Nebraska grassland landscape to determine how much of the surrounding landscape is potentially vulnerable to roadside invasion, and by which species, and thereby, provide insights into the locations and forms of future landcover change. Invasive tree species were widespread in roadsides. Given modest seed dispersal distances of 100-200 m, our results show that roadsides have potential to serve as major sources of grassland exposure to tree invasion, compromising up to 44% of grasslands in the Denton Hills. Under these dispersal distances, funds spent removing trees on grassland properties may have little impact on the landscape’s overall vulnerability, due to exposure driven by roadside propagule sources. A key implication from this study is that roadsides, while often neglected from management, represent an important component of integrated management strategies for reducing grassland vulnerability to tree invasion.