bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary valve prostheses: patient’s lifetime procedure load and durability. Evaluation of the German National Register for Congenital Heart Defects
Authors: Boethig Dietmar , Avsar Murat , Bauer Ulrike M M , Sarikouch Samir , Beerbaum Philipp , Berger Felix , Cesnjevar Robert , Dähnert Ingo , Dittrich Sven , Ewert Peter , Haverich Axel , Hörer Jürgen , Kostelka Martin , Photiadis Joachim , Sandica Eugen , Schubert Stephan , Urban Aleksandra , Bobylev Dmitry , Horke Alexander ,   National Register For Congenital Heart Defects Investigators
Published: July 2021

Abstract OBJECTIVESWe evaluated 4384 procedures performed between 1957 and 2018, collected in the National Register for Congenital Heart Defects, conducted on 997 patients with 1823 pulmonary valve replacements (PVRs), including 226 implanted via catheter [transcatheter valve (TCV)]. Main study targets are as follows: TCV benefit, valve type durability, decade-wise treatment changes and procedure frequencies over the lifetime of a PVR patient.METHODSWe studied TCV impact on surgical valve replacement (via Kaplan–Meier); pulmonary valve type-specific performance (Kaplan–Meier and Cox regressions with age group as stratification or ordinary variable); procedure interval changes over the decades (Kaplan–Meier); procedure load, i.e. frequency of any procedure/surgical PVR/interventional or surgical PVR by patient age (multistate analyses).RESULTSTCV performance was equivalent to surgical PVRs and extended durability significantly. Homografts were most durable; Contegras lasted comparably less in older; and Hancock devices lasted less in younger patients. Matrix P-valves showed poorer performance. Age group stratification improves the precision of valve-specific explantation hazard estimations. The current median interval between procedures is 2.6 years; it became significantly shorter in most age groups below 40 years. At 30 years, 80% of patients had undergone ≥3 procedures, 20% ≥3 surgical PVRs and 42% ≥3 surgical or interventional PVRs.CONCLUSIONSTCVs doubled freedom from explantation of conventional valves. Homografts’ age group-specific explantation hazard ratio was lowest; Matrix P’s hazard ratio was highest. Age-stratified Cox regressions improve the precision of prosthesis durability evaluations. The median time between procedures for PVR patients shortened significantly to 2.6 years. At 30 years, 42% had ≥3 PVRs.
Research on control strategy of battery-supercapacitor hybrid energy storage system based on droop control
Authors: Chen Min , Zhang Jian 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The hybrid energy storage system can compensate the bus power fluctuation caused by the output power and load variation of the generator set in the Direct Current (DC) microgrid. In the current control strategy, the voltage droop method is used to control the non-high-frequency components of the battery to suppress the power fluctuation of the bus and the integral droop method is used to control the components of the supercapacitor to suppress the high-frequency power fluctuation. The effect of this strategy is similar to that of a filter, which automatically divides the ripple power into high frequency and non-high-frequency ripple components. However, when the voltage drop method is adopted, the difference of battery State of charge (SOC) in the parallel hybrid energy storage unit is not considered and the non-high-frequency fluctuation components subjected to by the battery are not redistributed, which is not beneficial to the avoidance of battery overcharge and over discharge. It is considered that the voltage drop coefficient will be affected by SOC, the voltage drop coefficient is divided by the n power of SOC to get a new voltage drop coefficient, and then the improved voltage drop method related to the voltage drop coefficient SOC is obtained, and then a new coordinated control strategy is obtained by combining the integral drop method. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed control strategy can reallocate the non-high-frequency power according to the SOC of the battery and suppress the bus power fluctuation at the same time, so as to realize the SOC balance of different energy storage cells, and the bus voltage fluctuation is small during the whole process.
Vector Bundles with Numerically Flat Reduction on Rigid Analytic Varieties andp-Adic Local Systems
Authors: Würthen Matti 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe show how to functorially attach continuous $p$-adic representations of the profinite fundamental group to vector bundles with numerically flat reduction on a proper rigid analytic variety over ${{\mathbb {C}}}_p$. This generalizes results by Deninger and Werner for vector bundles on smooth algebraic varieties. Our approach uses fundamental results on the pro-étale site of a rigid analytic variety introduced by Scholze. This enables us to get rid of the smoothness condition and to work in the analytic category. Moreover, under some mild conditions, the functor we construct gives a full embedding of the category of vector bundles with numerically flat reduction into the category of continuous ${{\mathbb {C}}}_p$-representations. This provides new insights into the $p$-adic Simpson correspondence in the case of a vanishing Higgs field.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Normalized Viral Loads and Subgenomic RNA Detection as Tools for Improving Clinical Decision Making and Work Reincorporation
Authors: Santos Bravo Marta , Nicolás David , Berengua Carla , Fernandez Mariana , Hurtado Juan Carlos , Tortajada Marta , Barroso Sonia , Vilella Anna , Mosquera Maria Mar , Vila Jordi , Marcos María Angeles 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) provides a highly variable cycle threshold (Ct) value that cannot distinguish viral infectivity. Subgenomic ribonucleic acid (sgRNA) has been used to monitor active replication. Given the importance of long RT-PCR positivity and the need for work reincorporation and discontinuing isolation, we studied the functionality of normalized viral loads (NVLs) for patient monitoring and sgRNA for viral infectivity detection.

Methods
The NVLs measured through the Nucleocapsid and RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase genes and sgRNA RT-PCRs were performed in 2 consecutive swabs from 84 healthcare workers.

Results
The NVLs provided similar and accurate quantities of both genes of SARS-CoV-2 at 2 different timepoints of infection, overcoming Ct-value and swab collection variability. Among SARS-CoV-2-positive samples, 51.19% were sgRNA-positive in the 1st RT-PCR and 5.95% in the 2nd RT-PCR. All sgRNA-positive samples had &gt;4 log10 RNA copies/1000 cells, whereas samples with ≤1 log10 NVLs were sgRNA-negative. Although NVLs were positive until 29 days after symptom onset, 84.1% of sgRNA-positive samples were from the first 7 days, which correlated with viral culture viability. Multivariate analyses showed that sgRNA, NVLs, and days of symptoms were significantly associated (P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
The NVLs and sgRNA are 2 rapid accessible techniques that could be easily implemented in routine hospital practice providing a useful proxy for viral infectivity and
coronavirus disease 2019 patient follow-up.
Provider experience and satisfaction with a novel ‘virtual team rounding’ program during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Becker Nora V , Mendu Mallika L , Martin Kate L , Hirner Jesse P , Bakshi Salina , Carlile Narath 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundNew inpatient virtual care models have proliferated in response to the challenges presented by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic; however, few of these programs have yet been evaluated for acceptability and feasibility.ObjectiveAssess feasibility and provider experience with the Virtual Team Rounding Program (VTRP), a quality improvement project developed and rapidly scaled at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, MA, in response to the surge of COVID-19 patients in the spring of 2020.MethodsWe surveyed 777 inpatient providers and 41 providers who served as ‘virtual rounders’ regarding their experience with the program. Inpatient providers were asked about their overall satisfaction with the program, whether the program saved them time, and if so, how much and their interest in working with a similar program in the future. Providers who had worked as virtual rounders were asked about their overall satisfaction with the program, the overall difficulty of the work and their interest in participating in a similar program in the future.ResultsWe find that among both groups the program was well-received, with 72.5% of inpatient providers and 85.7% of virtual rounders reporting that they were ‘satisfied’ or ‘very satisfied’ with their experience with the program. Among inpatient providers who worked with the program, two-thirds reported the program saved them time on a daily basis. Inpatient respondents who had worked with virtual rounders were more likely to say that they would be interested in working with the VTRP in the future compared with respondents who never worked with a virtual rounder (75.3 vs 52.5%, P &lt; 0.001)ConclusionAs the pandemic continues, rapidly implementing and studying virtual care delivery programs is crucial for hospitals and health systems. We demonstrate the feasibility and acceptability of a ‘virtual rounding’ program assisting inpatient providers. Future work should examine the impact of these programs on patient outcomes.
Effects of serine palmitoyltransferase inhibition by myriocin in ad libitum-fed and nutrient-restricted ewes
Authors: Davis Amanda N , Myers William A , Eduardo Rico Jorge , Feng Wang Lin , Chang Crystal , Richards Andrew T , Moniruzzaman Mohammed , Haughey Norman J , McFadden Joseph W 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe fungal isolate myriocin inhibits serine palmitoyltransferase and de novo ceramide synthesis in rodents; however, the effects of myriocin on ceramide concentrations and metabolism have not been previously investigated in ruminants. In our study, 12 non-lactating crossbred ewes received an intravenous bolus of myriocin (0, 0.1, 0.3, or 1.0 mg/kg/body weight [BW]; CON, LOW, MOD, or HIGH) every 48 h for 17 d. Ewes consumed a high-energy diet from day 1 to 14 and were nutrient-restricted (straw only) from day 15 to 17. Blood was collected preprandial and at 1, 6, and 12 h relative to bolus and nutrient restriction. Tissues were collected following euthanasia on day 17. Plasma was analyzed for free fatty acids (FFAs), glucose, and insulin. Plasma and tissue ceramides were quantified using mass spectrometry. HIGH selectively decreased metabolizable energy intake, BW, and plasma insulin, and increased plasma FFA (Dose, P &lt; 0.05). Myriocin linearly decreased plasma very-long-chain (VLC) ceramide and dihydroceramide (DHCer) by day 13 (Linear, P &lt; 0.05). During nutrient restriction, fold-change in FFA was lower with increasing dose (P &lt; 0.05). Nutrient restriction increased plasma C16:0-Cer, an effect suppressed by MOD and HIGH (Dose × Time, P &lt; 0.05). Myriocin linearly decreased most ceramide and DHCer species in the liver and omental and mesenteric adipose, VLC ceramide and DHCer in the pancreas, and C18:0-Cer in skeletal muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue (Linear, P ≤ 0.05). We conclude that the intravenous delivery of 0.3 mg of myriocin/kg of BW/48 h decreases circulating and tissue ceramide without modifying energy intake in ruminants.
Distribution pattern in Aegla uruguayana Schmitt, 1942 (Decapoda: Anomura: Aeglidae): temporal and spatial approach
Authors: Diawol Valeria P , Musin Gabriela E , Collins Pablo A , Giri Federico 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The presence, density, and distribution pattern of a species in a particular space and time result from evolutionary and ecological processes. We evaluated the density and spatial distribution pattern of the freshwater anomuran crab, Aegla uruguayanaSchmitt, 1942, in relation to temporal and spatial scales. The temporal scale followed a seasonal analysis, and the space scale was evaluated from the study of three streams located in different provinces of Argentina. Specimens were collected in four sampling campaigns during spring, summer, autumn, and winter in three temperate freshwater environments of the La Plata Basin, Argentina, using 1 m2 sampling units. The density varied according to the studied populations and was not by seasonality. The distribution pattern was not influenced by the evaluated scales. The A. uruguayana populations presented a clumped pattern showing a negative binomial distribution. A possible cause of such a pattern is the strong environmental heterogeneity of the three studied sites. The species presented gregarious behavior that could be associated with the spatial arrangement of the shelters available in the particular habitats as well as ecological strategies for optimal and efficient use of resources in these topographies. Our study is the first on the dynamics of the distribution in terms of temporal and spatial scopes of a species of AeglaLeach, 1820, an endemic freshwater anomuran.
Effects of psoas major muscle volume in predicting the prognosis of patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma treated with radical nephroureterectomy
Authors: Yuzuriha Soichiro , Hasegawa Masanori , Nakajima Nobuyuki , Shimizu Yuki , Otaki Tatsuya , Umemoto Tatsuya , Kawakami Masayoshi , Kim Hakushi , Nitta Masahiro , Kawamura Yoshiaki , Shoji Sunao , Miyajima Akira 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis study evaluated the impact of sarcopenia and psoas major muscle volume on the survival of patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma who had undergone radical nephroureterectomy.MethodsWe reviewed data from 110 patients treated with radical nephroureterectomy in our department between June 2007 and February 2017. Psoas major muscle volume was quantified based on computed tomography data using Synapse Vincent software. The psoas major muscle volume index was calculated as psoas major muscle volume/height squared (cm3/m2). We analysed relapse-free survival, cancer-specific survival and overall survival after radical nephroureterectomy to identify factors that predicted patient survival.ResultsThe median psoas major muscle volume index was 121.5 cm3/m2, and the psoas major muscle volume index was &lt;100 cm3/m2 in 34 of 110 patients (30.9%). Multivariate analysis indicated that ≥pT3-stage cancer, lymphovascular invasion and a psoas major muscle volume index of &lt;100 cm3/m2 were independent predictors of shorter relapse-free survival, cancer-specific survival and overall survival. Using these factors, patients were stratified into three groups: low, intermediate and high risks for relapse-free survival, cancer-specific survival and overall survival.ConclusionsLow psoas major muscle volume resulting from sarcopenia, high T stage and the presence of lymphovascular invasion was associated with poor survival in patients with urinary tract urothelial carcinoma who had undergone radical nephroureterectomy, supporting the use of psoas major muscle volume as a new objective prognostic marker.
A Comparative Study of Likelihood Approximations for Univariate Diffusions
Authors: Hurn Stan , Lindsay Kenneth , Xu Lina 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Maximum likelihood estimation of the parameters of stochastic differential equations commonly used in finance requires numerical approximation of their transitional probability density functions. This article undertakes a comparative study of the accuracy of Hermite polynomial expansion approximations for univariate diffusions and checks how the accuracy of the existing methods responds to increasing the order of the approximation. It is found that one class of expansion dealing with irreducible diffusions is particularly problematic due to the need to evaluate a number of troublesome integrals. A Gaussian quadrature is introduced which resolves the problem and improves the reliability of the expansion. A simulation study demonstrates all the methods in action and provides insight into the practical aspects of using these expansions. An empirical application using data on the VIX indicates that the proposed method based on the Gaussian quadrature performs very well when applied to financial data.
The wheat SHORT ROOT LENGTH 1 gene TaSRL1 controls root length in an auxin-dependent pathway
Authors: Zhuang Mengjia , Li Chaonan , Wang Jingyi , Mao Xinguo , Li Long , Yin Jun , Du Yan , Wang Xiang , Jing Ruilian 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The root is the main organ for water and nutrient uptake and sensing environmental stimuli in the soil. The optimization of root system architecture contributes to stress tolerance and yield improvement. ERF (ETHYLENE RESPONSIVE FACTOR) is one of the plant-specific transcription factor families associated with various developmental processes and stress tolerance. We cloned a novel ERF transcription factor gene TaSRL1 (SHORT ROOT LENGTH 1) from wheat (Triticum aestivum) which is mainly expressed in root. Ectopic expression of TaSRL1 in rice resulted in short root length and plant height. TaSRL1 regulated expression of genes related to auxin synthesis, transport, and signaling. Further studies revealed that TaSRL1 induced expression of the auxin transport gene TaPIN2 by directly binding to its promoter, while the interaction of TaSRL1 and TaTIFY9 repressed TaPIN2 expression. Sequence polymorphisms and association analysis showed that TaSRL1-4A was associated with root depth and angle, plant height, and 1000-grain weight of wheat. The haplotype Hap-4A-2 with shallow roots, short plant height, and high 1000-grain weight has been positively selected in the Chinese wheat breeding process. We demonstrated that TaSRL1 functions as a direct regulator of TaPIN2 in the auxin-dependent pathway, and integrates auxin and jasmonate signaling by interacting with TaTIFY9 to repress root growth. Furthermore, the molecular marker of TaSRL1-4A is valuable for the improvement of the root system, plant architecture, and yield in the wheat breeding process.
The Chicken Pan-Genome Reveals Gene Content Variation and a Promoter Region Deletion in IGF2BP1 Affecting Body Size
Authors: Wang Kejun , Hu Haifei , Tian Yadong , Li Jingyi , Scheben Armin , Zhang Chenxi , Li Yiyi , Wu Junfeng , Yang Lan , Fan Xuewei , Sun Guirong , Li Donghua , Zhang Yanhua , Han Ruili , Jiang Ruirui , Huang Hetian , Yan Fengbin , Wang Yanbin , Li Zhuanjian , Li Guoxi , Liu Xiaojun , Li Wenting , Edwards David , Kang Xiangtao 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Domestication and breeding have reshaped the genomic architecture of chicken, but the retention and loss of genomic elements during these evolutionary processes remain unclear. We present the first chicken pan-genome constructed using 664 individuals, which identified an additional approximately 66.5-Mb sequences that are absent from the reference genome (GRCg6a). The constructed pan-genome encoded 20,491 predicated protein-coding genes, of which higher expression levels are observed in conserved genes relative to dispensable genes. Presence/absence variation (PAV) analyses demonstrated that gene PAV in chicken was shaped by selection, genetic drift, and hybridization. PAV-based genome-wide association studies identified numerous candidate mutations related to growth, carcass composition, meat quality, or physiological traits. Among them, a deletion in the promoter region of IGF2BP1 affecting chicken body size is reported, which is supported by functional studies and extra samples. This is the first time to report the causal variant of chicken body size quantitative trait locus located at chromosome 27 which was repeatedly reported. Therefore, the chicken pan-genome is a useful resource for biological discovery and breeding. It improves our understanding of chicken genome diversity and provides materials to unveil the evolution history of chicken domestication.
Cancer cells are highly susceptible to accumulation of templated insertions linked to MMBIR
Authors: Osia Beth , Alsulaiman Thamer , Jackson Tyler , Kramara Juraj , Oliveira Suely , Malkova Anna 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Microhomology-mediated break-induced replication (MMBIR) is a DNA repair pathway initiated by polymerase template switching at microhomology, which can produce templated insertions that initiate chromosomal rearrangements leading to neurological and metabolic diseases, and promote complex genomic rearrangements (CGRs) found in cancer. Yet, how often templated insertions accumulate from processes like MMBIR in genomes is poorly understood due to difficulty in directly identifying these events by whole genome sequencing (WGS). Here, by using our newly developed MMBSearch software, we directly detect such templated insertions (MMB-TIs) in human genomes and report substantial differences in frequency and complexity of MMB-TI events between normal and cancer cells. Through analysis of 71 cancer genomes from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we observed that MMB-TIs readily accumulate de novo across several cancer types, with particularly high accumulation in some breast and lung cancers. By contrast, MMB-TIs appear only as germline variants in normal human fibroblast cells, and do not accumulate as de novo somatic mutations. Finally, we performed WGS on a lung adenocarcinoma patient case and confirmed MMB-TI-initiated chromosome fusions that disrupted potential tumor suppressors and induced chromothripsis-like CGRs. Based on our findings we propose that MMB-TIs represent a trigger for widespread genomic instability and tumor evolution.
Single molecule/particle tracking analysis program SMTracker 2.0 reveals different dynamics of proteins within the RNA degradosome complex inBacillus subtilis
Authors: Oviedo-Bocanegra Luis M , Hinrichs Rebecca , Rotter Daniel Andreas Orlando , Dersch Simon , Graumann Peter L 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSingle-molecule (particle) tracking is a powerful method to study dynamic processes in cells at highest possible spatial and temporal resolution. We have developed SMTracker, a graphical user interface for automatic quantifying, visualizing and managing of data. Version 2.0 determines distributions of positional displacements in x- and y-direction using multi-state diffusion models, discriminates between Brownian, sub- or superdiffusive behaviour, and locates slow or fast diffusing populations in a standardized cell. Using SMTracker, we show that the Bacillus subtilis RNA degradosome consists of a highly dynamic complex of RNase Y and binding partners. We found similar changes in molecule dynamics for RNase Y, CshA, PNPase and enolase, but not for phosphofructokinase, RNase J1 and J2, to inhibition of transcription. However, the absence of PfkA or of RNase J2 affected molecule dynamics of RNase Y-mVenus, indicating that these two proteins are indeed part of the degradosome. Molecule counting suggests that RNase Y is present as a dimer in cells, at an average copy number of about 500, of which 46% are present in a slow-diffusive state and thus likely engaged within degradosomes. Thus, RNase Y, CshA, PNPase and enolase likely play central roles, and RNase J1, J2 and PfkA more peripheral roles, in degradosome architecture.