bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Honeysuckle-Derived MicroRNA2911 Inhibits Tumor Growth by Targeting TGF-β1
Authors: Liu Chunyan , Xu Mengzhen , Yan Luocheng , Wang Yulian , Zhou Zhen , Wang Shaocong , Sun Yajie , Zhang Junfeng , Dong Lei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Honeysuckle is a time‐honored herb with anticancer activity in traditional Chinese medicine. Recently, accumulating reports are suggesting that the microRNAs in this medicinal plant not only play a physiological role in its original system, but also can be transmitted to another species as potential therapeutic components. In the numerous bioactive investigations, the anti-tumor effects of these microRNAs in the magical herb are rarely studied, especially the special miR2911, a honeysuckle-encoded atypical microRNA, with high stability during the boiling process and unique biological activity to target TGF-β1 mRNA. Methods: Luciferase assay was conducted to test the ability of miR2911 to target TGF-β1 mRNA. ELISA was performed to determine the expression level of TGF-β1 of mouse colorectal adenocarcinoma cells CT26 when treated with miR2911 and tumor tissue in Sidt1 +/+ and Sidt1 -/- mice. qRT-PCR was performed to examine the level of expression of miR2911. Tumor-bearing wild and nude mice were employed to evaluate the anti-tumor effect of honeysuckle and miR2911 in vivo . Tumor tissue necrosis was observed by H&E staining. Besides, the infiltration of T lymphocytes across solid tumors was tested by immunostaining staining. Results: Our results showed that honeysuckle slowed the development of colon cancers down. Further research showed that miR2911 could bind strongly to TGF-β1 mRNA and down-regulated the expression of TGF-β1 and had a high stability under boiling and acid condition. Moreover, SIDT1 mediated dietary miR2911 inter-species absorption. And we found that miR2911 had a similar anticancer effect as honeysuckle. Mechanistically, miR2911 reversed the tumor-promoting effect of TGF-β1 by an increase of T lymphocytes infiltration, resulting in slowing the colon cancer process in immunocompetent mice. Consistent with this inference, the anti-tumor effect of miR2911 was revealed to be abolished in T cell immune deficiency mice. Conclusion: Taken together, honeysuckle-derived miR2911 showed an anti-tumor effect in colon cancers though targeting TGF-β1 mRNA. The down-regulation of TGF-β1 promoted T lymphocytes infiltration, and accordingly impeded the colon tumor development.
CT-Based Quantitative Assessment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Using a Deep Learning-Based Segmentation System: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Li Jianneng , Zuo Wei , Lei Qiang , Jiang Guihua , yan Jianhao , Li Long 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global catastrophic disease that has severely affected more than 185 countries. The key steps in fighting against COVID-19 involve early detection and tracking of the treatment effects. A large number of studies highlighted computed tomography (CT) as a reliable method for early diagnosis and follow-up monitoring of the disease. However, there are limited data on quantitative analysis of the follow-up images. In this study, we used a deep learning model using a neural network with high accuracy in automatic segmentation and quantification to analyze the infected lesions on chest CT images.MethodsWe used a deep learning model using a neural network with high accuracy in automatic segmentation and quantification to analyze the infected lesions on chest CT images. A total of 14 patients (mean age, 53±14 years; age range, 23–74 years; 42.9% men and 57.1% women) with confirmed mild-type COVID-19 from January 1 to May 7, 2020, were retrospectively reviewed. Initial and follow-up original CT images were collected, and CT quantitative parameters, including percentage of infection (POI) and density variation of pneumonia, were determined.ResultsThe median initial POI was 3.4% (interquartile range, IQR 0.5%–8.4%) for the whole lung, 0.8% (IQR 0.2%–6.7%) for the left lung, and 5.8% (IQR 0.5%–9.7%) for the right lung. The infection was more serious in the right than in the left lung. The infected region mainly involved bilateral lower lobes, more pronounced on the right side. Quantitative CT showed that POI significantly decreased throughout the follow-up period in all 14 patients (p < 0.001). Among them, 50% of the patients had a more significant decrease in POI (51.3%) after a negative nucleic acid test. Moreover, there was a significant decrease in the CT number range of ground-glass opacities (GGO) and consolidation (p < 0.001).Conclusions﻿This study demonstrated the quantitative analysis of follow-up CT scans plays an important role in the monitoring of COVID-19 treatment, which could help in treatment planning and standardizing the assessment for discharge.
Identification of Potential miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network in Tetralogy of Fallot: A Network Biology Approach
Authors: Wang Huaming , Lyu Guorong , He Shaozheng , Lin Xi , Dong Bingtian , Yang Hainan , Yang Yiru 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundTetralogy of Fallot (ToF) is one of the most prevalent and fatal birth defects. Its pathogenesis remains unknown and it’s not easily diagnosed at early stage. Therefore, it’s necessary to explore the critical regulators and molecular mechanism in ToF to find out novel molecular markers for early diagnosis.MethodsThree ToF datasets (GSE35490, GSE40128, GSE36761) were downloaded from the GEO database. The differentially expressed microRNAs (DEMs) and mRNAs (DEGs) were identified between ToF infants and normal infants after data preprocessing, followed by GO and KEGG analysis of DEGs. Then, PPI network and modular analysis were performed to identify the hub genes. Ultimately, potential miRNA-mRNA pathways in ToF were constructed based on the integrated data.Results22 overlapping DEMs were found in the GES35490 and GSE40128. Simultaneous, 181 intersected genes were found and identified as the significant DEGs including 84 down-regulated DEGs and 97 up-regulated DEGs. Further, 20 hub genes ranked by top 10% with high connectivity, including STAT3, FBN1, RUNX2, were found by PPT network and modular analysis. Furthermore, GO and KEGG analysis showed these DEGs were linked to cell cycle, apoptotic process, transcription activity and FOX signaling pathway. Additionally, we establish three potential miRNA-mRNA pathway, including miR-22-STAT3, miR-336/miR486-FBN1, miR-222-RUNX2, which can participate in the formation of ToF by cell cycle and transcription activity.ConclusionsThree miRNA-mRNA pathways were established and indicated cell cycle and transcription activity may be involved in the pathogenesis of ToF. Our study provided a novel bio-marker for early diagnosis of ToF.
Detection and prediction of land use change impact on the streamflow regime in Sahelian river basin, northwestern Nigeria
Authors: Abba Umar Da'u , Ramli Mohammad Firuz , Tukur Abubakar Ibrahim , Jamil Nor Rohaizah , Zaudi Muhammad Amar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Detecting and predicting the impact of land use/land cover (LULC) changes on streamflow are crucial sources of information for the effective management and protection of land and water resources in Sahelian ecosystems such as the Hadejia river basin. In this study, LULC change detection was performed using ENVI, while the LULC modeling was conducted using the cellular automata (CA)–Markov in the IDRISI environment. However, the streamflow trend and variation were assessed using the Mann–Kendall (MK) trend test and the inverse distance weightage (IDW). Before the LULC modeling and projection (2030), the LULC was classified for 1990, 2000, and 2010 using supervised classification. Model output revealed a strong relationship between LULC and streamflow trend, thus, the decade 1990–2000 was the decade with high forest clearance and streamflow output, and consequently severe floods. However, the decade 2000–2010 witnessed land use expansion mainly via construction (3.4%). Meanwhile, the scenario will slightly change in the future as agriculture is projected to expand by about 9.3% from 2010 to 2030 due to the increased human population. Thus, food insecurity aggravated by climate change should be anticipated, and measures to avert/reduce their effects must be initiated.
Cautious Optimism: Fraser v Canada (Attorney General)
Authors: Hamilton Jonnette Watson 
Published: May 2021

Adverse effects discrimination arises when a law that appears to be neutral on its face has a disproportionate and negative impact on members of a group identified by a protected ground.1 The discrimination is usually not as easy to see as it is in cases of direct discrimination, where distinctions are drawn by a law, program, or policy. This may be why Fraser v Canada (Attorney General)2 is only the third adverse effects claim under section 15(1) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms3 to succeed since section 15 came into force in 1985.4 Fraser is notable simply because it is the first successful adverse effects claim in twenty-two years.5
1 Jonnette Watson Hamilton & Jennifer Koshan. “Adverse Impact: The Supreme Court’s Approach to Adverse Effects Discrimination under Section 15 of the Charter” (2015) 19:2 Rev Const Stud Studies 191 at 196 [“Adverse Impact”]. 2 2020 SCC 28 [Fraser]. 3 Part I of the Constitution Act, 1982, being Schedule B to the Canada Act 1982 (UK), 1982, c 11 [Charter]. 4 The other two cases in which adverse effects claims were successful were Eldridge v British Columbia, [1997] 3 SCR 624, 151 DLR (4th) 577 [Eldridge cited to SCR] and Vriend v Alberta, [1998] 1 SCR 493, 156 DLR (4th) 385 [Vriend cited to SCR]. 5 At least five adverse effects claims made under section 15 of the Charter failed in the intervening twentytwo years: Health Services and Support — Facilities Subsector Bargaining Assn v British Columbia, 2007 SCC
THE STUDENTS’ RESPONSES TOWARD THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PICTIONARY GAME IN TEACHING VOCABULARY TO THE SEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS IN ONE OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL IN CIMAHI
Authors: Kartini Indri , Kareviati Evie 
Published: May 2021

This study is aimed to find out the students’ responses toward the implementation of Pictionary game technique in teaching English vocabulary to the seventh-grade students. The study was conducted at SMP Dharma Kartini. The students of VII C class that consists of 38 students were selected as the participants of the research. The research used descriptive qualitative method. The data of the research was obtained from observation during the implementation of Pictionary game in the class and from the students’ interview that has conducted to 5 students. The result showed that Pictionary game technique is useful to draw the students’ motivation in learning English vocabulary. From the data of observation showed that the Pictionary game made the students more active to get involved in teaching and learning process actively. The students also showed good responses from the data of interview, they stated that learning by using Pictionary game was fun but also challenging which make them motivate in learning English. Thus, it can be concluded that Pictionary game is an attractive technique that can be used to motivate students in learning vocabulary and make the students to learn English vocabulary in a more fun and creative way. Keywords: Pictionary game, Vocabulary
AN ANALYSIS OF THE UTILIZING ZOOM APPLICATION TO ENGLISH LEARNERS’ SPEAKING SKILL MOTIVATION
Authors: Risma Sabila Nur 
Published: May 2021

Speaking is one of the productive skills that should be learned and mastered by English learners which gives them the ability to communicate effectively in this global world. However, most learners face difficulties in learning English, especially in mastering speaking skills. The lack of motivation in learning English is the most common problem faced by learners. With the development of technology, employing Zoom Application in learning English is recommended for fun and exciting learning. This research aims to analyze how applying Zoom Application can improve English learners’ motivation to speak in English. The descriptive qualitative method is used in this research and to gain the data, the researcher used some instruments, there are questionnaires and interviews, which were carried out to 30 learners in English Zoom Club as subjects of the research. The result of this research suggested that applying Zoom Application is very interesting since it provides such motivating and stimulating activities for English learners. Moreover, using Zoom Application make English learners have an appropriate platform and new friends to practice improving their speaking skill at the same time. Keywords: Speaking Skill, Motivation in Language Learning, Zoom Application
AN ANALYSIS OF ONLINE ASSESSMENT IN TEACHING ENGLISH
Authors: Wibowo Furqon Edi , Novitasari Umi 
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to identify kinds of online assessment implemented by English teachers and to analyze the students‘perception of using online assessment in Tenth Grade of SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Surakarta in Academic Year 2019/2020. The researcher collected the data by questionnaire, interview, and documentation. The researcher used technique of analyzing the data by Miles and Huberman which have three phases. They are Data Reduction, Data Display, and Drawing Conclusion. For the trustworthiness of the data, the researcher used Methodological Triangulation. The result indicated that all English teachers have implemented variative online assessment through Google Form, Google Classroom, Edmodo, Quizzes, and Instagram. There are advantages, disadvantages, challenges face by the teacher applied online assessment such as designing the right assessment, controling the student in online, and got bad internet connection. Meanwhile, the students have positive and negative perception toward the implementation of online assessment. The positive perception showed that the student enjoyed the online assessment, obtained feedback immediately, flexible, time saving, effective, and more confident in doing online assessment. However, the student also had negative perception such as need internet data, less motivation, unfocussed, cheating, and need a longer time. Keywords: Online Assessment, Kinds of Online Assessment, Students’ Perception
Transorbital craniectomy for treatment of frontal lobe and olfactory bulb neoplasms in two dogs
Authors: Duncan Kathryn L. , Kuntz Charles A. , Simcock James O. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

CASE DESCRIPTION
An 8-year-old spayed female Shih Tzu crossbreed dog (dog 1) and a 13-year-old neutered male Miniature Fox Terrier (dog 2) were evaluated for removal of neoplasms involving both the frontal lobe and olfactory bulb.

CLINICAL FINDINGS
Physical examination revealed decreased menace response and behavioral changes in both dogs. For dog 1, neuroanatomic localization of the lesion was the left forebrain region; for dog 2, neuroanatomic localization of the lesion was the right forebrain region. Both dogs underwent CT, and dog 1 also underwent MRI. Results of diagnostic imaging were consistent with frontal lobe and olfactory bulb neoplasia in both cases. Dog 1 had lysis of the frontal bone adjacent to the neoplasm.

TREATMENT AND OUTCOME
Both dogs underwent a transorbital craniectomy to permit surgical tumor removal. Dog 1 was discharged from the hospital 48 hours after surgery, at which time its mentation and cranial nerve examination findings were considered normal. Dog 2 developed neurologic deterioration after surgery but was ultimately discharged from the hospital after 72 hours, at which time its mentation appeared normal.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The transorbital approach to the cranium provided excellent access to facilitate removal of frontal lobe and olfactory bulb neoplasms in these 2 dogs.
د ا را رسة أولية عن وبائية داء الالابواغ الخبيئة في أطفال بعض مناطق وادي الشاطيء
Authors: Saleh Mohammed Thabet 
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study to detect Cryptospordiosis among children (1 day –10 years) in some Wadi Al-Shati areas (Brack ,Akar,Al-Qurda and
Wanzreek). A total of 280 faecal samples were examined by flotation with sheather s’ sugar solution and acid fast staining techniques to detect Cryptospordium oocysts .The results of study demonstrated that 29 samples (10 .3 % ) were positive with highest infection rates in young children between ( days and 1-2
years, which reached 34.2 % and 23 % respectively.
مسح لامراض الطيور الداجنة في خمسة قرى تابعة لمحافظة بغداد ودراسة تأثير الاصابات المتزامن حدوثها في آن واحد على مستوى اضداد مرض نيوكاسل
Authors: فارس بشرى حمزة 
Published: May 2021

تناولت الدراسة مسح لإمراض الطيور الداجنة في خمسة قرى تابعة لمحافظة بغداد وذلك لغرض الوصول الى اهم الحالات المرضية والعوامل المحددة لصناعة الدواجن.
جمعت البيانات للحالات المرضية للفترة من شهر تموز لسنة 2007 حتى نهاية شهر اذار لسنة 2008. اعتمد في تشخيص الحالات المرضية على تاريخ الحالة المرضية، الاعراض السريرية، التغيرات المرضية العيانية، والعزل الفايروسي لمرض نيوكاسل.
اظهرت النتائج ان اهم الامراض المنتشرة خلال فترة الدراسة هو مرض نيوكاسل الذي شكل اعلى نسبة من المجموع الكلي للحالات المرضية.
سجلت امراض عديدة اخرى في هذه الدراسة منها امراض فايروسية، بكتيرية، طفيلية وامراض العوز الغذائي.
بالاضافة الى هذا، فأن اهمية هذه الاصابات تكمن في عدم تشخيصها بشكل دقيق وهنالك بعض الدلائل التي اشارت الى ان حدوث الاصابات في آن واحد يولد نوع من التثبيط المناعي في الطيور وبالتالي يعزز من امراضية بقية المسببات المرضية.
Effect of Spraying Nitrogen and Some Plants Extracts in the Vegetative Growth on (Lavandula officinalis L)
Authors: Abbas Alaulddin Abdulmunem 
Published: May 2021

This study was conducted in the special nursery in Mansour - Baghdad at 2011. to study the effect nitrogen 05 and 02 grams per liter in the form of urea as well as spraying four plant extracts which are Glycyrrhiz glabra uritica dioica Allium sativum Trigonella foenum – graecum and concentration of 5 grams per liter of distilled water and every extract plant in addition to the control treatment. Treatments were applied three times and the first was applied at 15-5-2011and the following applications were 15 days after the first application. Experiment were conducts using complete randomized block design with three replicates. Results, were analyzed using least significant differences at 5% probability. The results are summarized as follows:It was to spray the extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra significant effect in plant height it was 26.86 cm / plant compared to the treatment which was 2305 cm / plant, as well as to spray the extract of Uritica dioica significant effect in stem diameter of the main plant which was 0.34 cm with different insignificantly in compare with treatment of spraying extract of Trigonella foenum – graecum compared to the treatment was 0.21 cm also surpassed the treatment spraying 0.5 grams per liter of nitrogen significantly recipe in the number of branches per plant the number of branches 17.30 compared to the treatment comparison which reached 12.93.Either as the number of plant leaves it has surpassed the treatment spray Glycyrrhiza glabra extract significantly compared to other transaction it was 51083 leaf / plant compared to the treatment of non-spray amounting to 38783 leaf / plant and the results showed than spray treatment Glycyrrhiza glabra extract significantly in the description of total length of branches amounting to 395.90 cm / plant It also surpassed the treatment spray extract Uritica dioica significantly in the dry weight of leaves and was 61.13 gram / plant which was not different from the treatment of nitrogen 05 gram / L. As for the percentage content of chlorophyll pigment in the leaves was surpassed by 0.5 gN/L treatment of spraying nitrogen amounting to 33.60% which did
Bovine tuberculosis: Diagnosis by PCR technique in bovine milk samples
Authors: Alwan Mohammed J. 
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the percentage of borne tuberculin infection in milk sample by using PCR. (102) milk samples were collected from cows , AL-Dejella (39) samples, AL-Suara (20) samples cow station, AL-Fthalia (20) samples, AL-Azezia (11) samples and AL-Twarege (12) samples (Iraq) during the period July 10th 2010 to Nov.30th 2010. The samples were examined by direct smear stained by Ziehle-Neelson stain, culture methods and confirmed the isolates by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay. The results showed that 5, 102 (4.9%) milk samples were M. bovis positive that were detected by direct milk smear method and 10 out 102(9.8%) M.bovis +ve were detected by culture method and PCR assay. The results also showed that high percentage of bacterial isolates from milk samples AL-Dejella city show (12.8%) by culturing and PCR method followed by AL-Suara (10%), AL-Fthelia (10%), Al-Twarege (8.3%) but no bacterial isolation was recorded in AL-Azezia milk samples. This study concluded that M.bovis infection was spreading in dairy cow within the mentioned areas and PCR was more sensitive, rapid, and accurate technique for M.bovis infection diagnosis.
Role of Chitosan Application in Postoperative Abdominal Adhesions in Rabbits
Authors: Al-Mutheffer E’atelaf A. 
Published: May 2021

This study was performed to evaluate the reliability and efficacy of intra-peritoneal performances of chitosan powder in preventing abdominal adhesions following laparotomy. Twenty clinically healthy rabbits of both sexes, weighing 1.5-2 kg were allocated randomly into 2 equal groups; control group (G1) and treated group (G2). After surgical preparation the animals had undergone to laparotomy which was performed to create a sero-muscular incision of 4cm length in the stomach, in G1 the incision was closed by suturing stomach wound and abdominal wall, While (G2) animals were subjected to same operation but after stomach incision suturing, 1gr. of chitosan powder was sprinkled on stomach incision and peritoneal cavity prior to the lina alba and skin closures. 5 animals of each group were euthanized at two periods: 7th and 21st day post operation, adhesions in abdominal cavity were examined macroscopically and microscopically. The results showed clearly no adhesions at the operation site (the stomach wound), also on all abdominal organs and peritoneum cavity in both examination periods in G2. In conclusion this study revealed that chitosan plays a vital role in restrictions of intra-abdominal adhesion even though the mechanism of action is still unknown.
تاثير إضافة بعض مضادات الأكسدة الانزيمية وغير الانزيمية إلى مخفف Tris في قابلية التجميد لدى ثيران الهولشتاين بعد مدد مختلفة من الحفظ بالتجميد
Authors: عيدان ساجدة مهدي 
Published: May 2021

أجريت هذه الدراسة بهدف بيان تأثير إضافة بعض مضادات الأكسدة الانزيمية (الكاتليز) والكلوتاثيون المختزل وخليطهما إلى مخفف Trisفي قابلية التجميد لثيران الهولشتاين بعد الحفظ بالتجميد لمدد مختلفة. استعمل في هذه الدراسة سبعة ثيران هولشتاين بأعمار تتراوح بين 2.5–3 سنة. جمع السائل المنوي بوساطة المهبل الاصطناعي بواقع قذفة واحدة/ثور/اسبوع. جُمع السائل المنوي الطازج للثيران جميعها (Pooled semen) وقُسمَ بالتساوي على المعاملات المختلفة وبإستعمال مخفف Tris. عدت المعاملة الأولى كمجموعة سيطرة في حين أضيف انزيم الكاتليز للمعاملة الثانية والكلوتاثيون المختزل للمعاملة الثالثة بتركيز 100 وحدة دولية/مل و0.2 ملي مول/مل إلى مخفف Tris وعلى التوالي، فضلاً عن توليفتهما وللتراكيز نفسها المذكورة للمركبين للمعاملة الرابعة. أجريت دراسة تاثير هذه الإضافات في قابلية تجميد السائل المنوي خلال مدد حفظ زمنية مختلفة، تجميد بعد 48 ساعة وشهر وشهرين وثلاثة اشهر. أظهرت النتائج أنّ إضافة انزيم الكاتليز إلى مخفف Tris في المعاملة الثانية أدت إلى زيادة معنوية عند مستوى (P<0.01) في قابلية التجميد وطيلة مدد الخزن المدروسة مقارنةً بمجموعة السيطرة. كذلك أدّت إضافة الكلوتاثيون المختزل في المعاملة الثالثة إلى زيادة (P<0.01) في قابلية التجميد لكافة مدد الحفظ المدروسة مقارنةً بمجموعة السيطرة. كما أدّت إضافة خليط انزيم الكاتليز والكلوتاثيون المختزل في المعاملة الرابعة إلى زيادة عالية المعنوية (P<0.01) في النسبة المئوية لقابلية التجميد مقارنةً بمجموعة السيطرة خلال مدد الحفظ بالتجميد المختلفة. نستنتج من هذه الدراسة أنّ إضافة بعض مضادات الأكسدة الانزيمية (الكاتليز) والكلوتاثيون المختزل وخليطهما ادت إلى تحسين قابلية تجميد السائل المنوي لثيران الهولشتاين أوقد يسهم في زيادة نسبة الخصوبة لدى الأبقار ومن ثم زيادة العائد الاقتصادي للمربي.