bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Gastroenterostomy Using A Lumen-Apposing Metal Stent: A Case Report Focusing On Misdeployment.
Authors: Fabbri Carlo , Binda Cecilia , Fugazzola Paola , Sbrancia Monica , Tomasoni Matteo , Coluccio Chiara , Jung Carlo Felix Maria , Prosperi Enrico , Agnoletti Vanni , Ansaloni Luca 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundGastric outlet obstruction can result from several benign and malignant diseases, in particular gastric, duodenal or pancreatic tumors. Historically, surgical gastroenterostomy and enteral endoscopic stenting have represented effective therapeutic options. However, surgery is burdened by high complication and mortality rates, while endoscopic stenting demonstrates unsatisfactory patency after six months. Lately, endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy using lumen apposing metal stent (LAMS) is spreading in order to improve the outcome of this condition, but still complication rate remains not negligible. Our case report shows a hybrid (endoscopic and surgical) technique for LAMS deployment, reviews current literature on potential complications and demonstrates problem solving strategies. Case presentationA 60 year-old male patient, affected by metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma, developed gastric outlet obstruction due to a duodenal bulb stenosis. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy was performed in an operating room, but the first flange of LAMS was misdeployed opening in the epiploon retrocavity. Immediate diagnostic laparoscopy was carried out, LAMS was removed endoscopically and the first jejunal loop was identified by laparoscopy. The jejunal loop was placed near the stomach, allowing for endoscopic release of a second LAMS through the previous fistulous gastric tract, performing a laparoscopy-assisted gastroenterostomy.ConclusionsThis hybrid technique may offer an innovative strategy to overcome misdeployment of LAMS, which represents the most troubling complication of endoscopic ultrasound-guided approach. There are several significant advantages, such as the easy visualization of target loop and cystostome penetration, nevertheless the ability to considerably shorten overall procedure time.
Neuroprotective Effects of Purpurin Against Ischemic Damage via Anti-inflammatory and MAPK Pathway
Authors: Kim Woosuk , Kwon Hyun Jung , Jung Hyo Young , Hahn Kyu Ri , Yoon Yeo Sung , Hwang In Koo , Choi Soo Young , Kim Dae Won 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpurin has various effects, including anti-inflammatory effects, and can efficiently cross the blood-brain barrier. In the present study, we investigated the effects of purpurin on oxidative stress in HT22 cells and ischemic damage in the hippocampal CA1 region of gerbils. Oxidative stress induced by H2O2 was significantly ameliorated by treatment with purpurin, based on changes in cell death, DNA fragmentation, formation of reactive oxygen species, and apoptosis (Bcl-2)/antiapoptosis (Bax)-related protein levels. In addition, treatment with purpurin significantly reduced the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK), and p38 signaling in HT22 cells. Transient forebrain ischemia in gerbils led to a significant increase in locomotor activity 1 day after ischemia and significant decrease in number of surviving cells in the CA1 region 4 days after ischemia. Administration of purpurin reduced the travel distance 1 day after ischemia and increased the number of NeuN-immunoreactive neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region of the dentate gyrus 4 days after ischemia. Purpurin treatment significantly decreased microglial activation in the hippocampal CA1 region 4 days after ischemia and ameliorated the ischemia-induced increases in interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α 6 h after ischemia. In addition, purpurin significantly alleviated the ischemia-induced phosphorylation of JNK, ERK, and p38 in the hippocampus 1 day after ischemia. These results suggest that purpurin has neuroprotective potential to reduce inflammatory processes and the phosphorylation of JNK, ERK, and p38 in the hippocampus.
The Aluminum Distribution and Translocation in Two Citrus Species Differing in Aluminum Tolerance
Authors: Zhang Han , Li Xin-yu , Lin Mei-lan , Hu Ping-ping , Lai Ning-wei , Huang Zeng-rong , Chen Li-song 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Many citrus orchards of south China suffer from soil acidification, which induced aluminum (Al) toxicity. The Al-immobilization in vivo is crucial for Al detoxification. However, the distribution and translocation of excess Al in citrus species were not well illustrated.Results: The seedlings of ‘Xuegan’ [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] and ‘Shatianyou’ [Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck] that differed in Al tolerance were hydroponically treated with nutrient solution (Control) or supplemented by 1.0 mM Al3+ (Al toxicity) for 21 days after three months of pre-culture. The Al distribution at the tissue level of citrus species following the order: lateral roots > primary roots > leaves > stems. The fragmentation of fresh lateral roots revealed the ratio of Al distribution at the cell wall, cell organelle and cytoplasmic supernatant was about 8:2:1 of two citrus species under Al stress. Besides, the Al distribution at the lateral root cell wall components suggested the pectin is the most Al-accumulating site in citrus species. Compared to C. grandis, C. sinensis had a significantly higher Al concentration on the cell wall of lateral roots whereas remarkably lower Al levels on the leaves and stems. Furthermore, the Al translocation revealed by the absorption kinetics of the cell wall demonstrated that C. sinensis had a higher Al retention and stronger Al affinity on the root cell wall than C. grandis. According to the FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) analysis, the Al distribution and translocation might be affected by modifying the structure and components of the citrus lateral root cell wall. Conclusions: A higher Al-retention, mainly targeted by the pectin of the root cell wall, and a lower Al translocation efficiency from roots to shoots contributed to a higher Al tolerance of C. sinensis than C. grandis.
Improving Bees Algorithm Using
Gradual Search Space Reduction
Authors: Binbakir Turki 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The aim of this research is to propose a new technique to improve Bees Algorithm. Bees Algorithm is one of the well-known metaheuristic optimization method which have been subject to several attempts to improve it by overcoming some of the weaknesses. The suggested method is derived from the numerical optimization methods, namely bracketing and region elimination methods. It employs an adaption of the regional elimination method to achieve abandonment and reduction of search space within the Bees Algorithm. The utilization of the exhaustive search involves exploring the whole search space to find the optimum at equally located intervals. To assess performance, the proposed method was evaluated on twenty-four benchmark functions and two engineering problems. The acquired result indicated a statistically significant improvement.
Filozoficzne aspekty teorii duchowości ekologicznej papieża Franciszka w świetle filozofii tomistycznej
Authors: Mikucki Kazimierz 
Published: August 2021

Artykuł jest próbą wyodrębnienia i ogólnego opisu aspektów filozoficznych, zawartych w teorii duchowości ekologicznej papieża Franciszka oraz porównania ich z myślą tomistyczną, rozwijaną przez jej polskich przedstawicieli w czasach współczesnych. Aspekty te dostrzeżono na gruncie wielu dyscyplin filozoficznych, ponieważ w tego typu duchowości chodzi o stosunek człowieka do najogólniej pojętej rzeczywistości realnej, czyli do samego siebie, przyrody, kultury i religii. W toku analizy obu stanowisk zauważono liczne analogie, a także pewne rozbieżności w sposobie widzenia przyrody, osoby ludzkiej, kultury (etyki) oraz religii, które przynajmniej częściowo można tłumaczyć niejednoznacznością niektórych sformułowań papieskich.
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Zgłoszono: 19/08/2020. Zrecenzowano: 26/09/2020. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 18/10/2020
Emerging Role of Circular RNAs in Kidney Diseases in Nephrology
Authors: Ma Cong , Luan Junjun , Kopp Jeffrey B. , Zhou Hua 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been identified to be involved in a variety
of human diseases such as cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and autoimmune diseases. In recent
years, the role of circRNAs in the development of kidney diseases in nephrology has been gradually
recognized.

Objective:
We updated and described the current status of circRNAs in kidney diseases in nephrology.
We particularly focused on the roles and mechanisms of circRNAs in systemic lupus erythematosus
and lupus nephritis.

Methods:
We summarized recent reports published on PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Scielo
databases using keywords circRNAs, kidney diseases or renal diseases, or systemic lupus erythematosus.

Results:
Studies of circRNAs in certain kidney diseases, such as acute kidney injury, focal segmental
glomerulosclerosis, idiopathic membranous nephropathy, IgA nephropathy, diabetic nephropathy,
hypertensive renal damage, and particular lupus nephritis address the function and pathogenesis
of circRNAs. Mechanisms of circRNAs in the above human kidney diseases so far have focused
on the role of sponging microRNAs and regulating the expression of target genes. Moreover,
circRNAs have been detected in blood, urine, and kidney tissue samples. These results suggest that
circRNAs can serve as biomarkers for the diagnosis and monitoring of the progression of kidney
diseases.

Conclusion:
CircRNAs play important roles in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of kidney
diseases emphasizing lupus nephritis in nephrology.
Ionic Channels as Potential Targets for the Treatment of Autism Spectrum
Disorder: A Review
Authors: da Silva Bagnólia Araújo , da Silva Pablo Rayff , do Nascimento Gonzaga Thallita Karla Silva , Maia Rayana Elias 
Published: August 2021

:
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological condition that directly affects brain
functions and can culminate in delayed intellectual development, problems in verbal communication,
difficulties in social interaction, and stereotyped behaviors. Its etiology reveals a genetic basis
that can be strongly influenced by socio-environmental factors. Ion channels controlled by ligand
voltage-activated calcium, sodium, and potassium channels may play important roles in modulating
sensory and cognitive responses, and their dysfunctions may be closely associated with neurodevelopmental
disorders such as ASD. This is due to ionic flow, which is of paramount importance to
maintaining physiological conditions in the central nervous system and triggers action potentials,
gene expression, and cell signaling. However, since ASD is a multifactorial disease, treatment is directed
only to secondary symptoms. Therefore, this research aims to gather evidence concerning the
principal pathophysiological mechanisms involving ion channels in order to recognize their importance
as therapeutic targets for the treatment of central and secondary ASD symptoms.
Developments and Scope of Space Food
Authors: Grover Yashmita , Bhasin Jagriti , Dhingra Bhavika , Nandi Sonali , Hansda Mamta , Sharma Ruchi , Paul Veena , Idrishi Rubeka , Tripathi Abhishek Dutt , Agarwal Aparna 
Published: August 2021

:
Humans have conducted numerous space missions in past decades and its success depends
upon many factors, including astronaut health as the major factor. Health and nutrition are
two vital components of life derived from food which helps in keeping one’s body alive, nourished
as well as energetic, including the astronauts during their long-duration manned missions. With the
advancement in research and technology, it became possible to include a wide variety of dishes in
the space menu, with most of them being similar to those eaten on the earth. This review highlights
the evolution of space food starting from mission Mercury to the current International Space Station.
Furthermore, it also enlightens and focuses on types of space food, its packaging considerations,
and vitamin A-rich energy balls as potential space food. Many deleterious effects of outer
space explorations have been observed on the human body, such as loss of body mass, visionrelated
changes, loss in bone density, and even anemia. To overcome these issues, various considerations
must be followed while designing space food. The nutritional requirement plays an important
role in a space mission. Various foods have the potential to overcome the limitations caused by a
space mission. Thus, while developing space food, various parameters should be taken into consideration,
such as deficiencies and illness. The food should be compact, bite-sized, easily digestible,
and shelf-stable. Further research is required to better gain insight into the technological advancements
while considering the nutritional status and requirements of astronauts in a space mission.
Is Proximal Tibia Sufficient for Accurate Measurement of Tibial Slope Angles
on Three-dimensional Tomography-based Anatomical Models?
Authors: Tanoğlu Oğuzhan , Subaşı İzzet Özay , Gökgöz Mehmet Burak , Arıcan Gökhun 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Tibial slope measurements performed using only the proximal part of
tibia ignore the native tibial anatomical axis. Our first aim is to measure the native medial, lateral
and total tibial slope angles of gender groups using the whole tibial anatomical axis on computerized
tomography-based three-dimensional anatomical models. The second aim is to determine the
correlation between proximal and whole tibial anatomical axis for measurement of medial, lateral,
and total tibial slope angles.

Methods:
We randomly selected 100 females and 100 males between 18-60 years of age. Three-dimensional
anatomical models of right and left tibia were created. The gender-specific differences
of medial, lateral, and total tibial slope angles according to proximal and whole tibial anatomical
axis were measured. Correlation coefficients (r) of medial, lateral, and total tibial slope angles measured
with proximal and whole tibial anatomical axis were calculated.

Results:
The mean age was 47.1 years. A statistically significant difference was observed between
female (7.1 ± 3) and male (8.2 ± 2.5) groups in terms of mean lateral tibial slope angles according
to the whole tibial anatomical axis (p=0.008). A strong correlation between proximal and whole
tibial anatomical axis for all tibial slope angle measurements was detected.

Conclusion:
The method we determined for 3D measurement of medial, lateral and total tibial
slope angles using proximal tibial anatomical axis has a strong correlation with slope angles measured
in accordance with the whole tibial anatomical axis. Our 3D tibial slope angle measurement
method on the proximal tibia has high reliability and could be used in the daily practice.
Mechanisms Involved in Neuroprotective Effects of Transcranial Magnetic
Stimulation
Authors: Caballero-Villarraso Javier , Medina Francisco J. , Escribano Begoña M. , Agüera Eduardo , Santamaría Abel , Pascual-Leone Alvaro , Túnez Isaac 
Published: August 2021

:
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is widely used in neurophysiology to study
cortical excitability. Research over the last few decades has highlighted its added value as a potential
therapeutic tool in the treatment of a broad range of psychiatric disorders. More recently, a number
of studies have reported beneficial and therapeutic effects for TMS in neurodegenerative conditions
and strokes. Yet, despite its recognised clinical applications and considerable research using
animal models, the molecular and physiological mechanisms through which TMS exerts its beneficial
and therapeutic effects remain unclear. They are thought to involve biochemical-molecular
events affecting membrane potential and gene expression. In this aspect, the dopaminergic system
plays a special role. This is the most directly and selectively modulated neurotransmitter system,
producing an increase in the flux of dopamine (DA) in various areas of the brain after the application
of repetitive TMS (rTMS). Other neurotransmitters, such as glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric
acid (GABA) have shown a paradoxical response to rTMS. In this way, their levels increased
in the hippocampus and striatum but decreased in the hypothalamus and remained unchanged in
the mesencephalon. Similarly, there are sufficient evidence that TMS up-regulates the gene expression
of BDNF (one of the main brain neurotrophins). Something similar occurs with the expression
of genes such as c-Fos and zif268 that encode trophic and regenerative action neuropeptides. Consequently,
the application of TMS can promote the release of molecules involved in neuronal genesis
and maintenance. This capacity may mean that TMS becomes a useful therapeutic resource to antagonize
processes that underlie the previously mentioned neurodegenerative conditions.
Clinical Efficacy of Remdesivir and Favipiravir in the Treatment of
COVID-19 Patients: Scenario so far
Authors: Das Rina , Saini Manisha , Rana Minakshi , Bhatti Karun , Mehta Dinesh Kumar , Chidurala Ram Mohan 
Published: August 2021

:
The novel SARS-CoV-2 is a new disease that has caused severe destruction to human
lives across the globe, including infection, mortality and financial crises, for which, scientific researchers
have been directed towards the development of treatment and controlling measures
against coronavirus. Currently, there has been no approved drug for the treatment of the disease,
but several antiviral drugs have shown therapeutic effects from which, remdesivir and favipiravir
are two such drugs. These drugs have shown some therapeutic potential in the treatment of
COVID-19 by inhibiting viral enzyme RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. The purpose of this systematic
review is to provide an overview of the effectiveness of these two drugs based on the clinical
trials reported in current published data.
Attitudes of Patients and Health Professionals Regarding Screening Algorithms: Qualitative Study
Authors: Oxholm Christina , Christensen Anne-Marie Soendergaard , Christiansen Regina , Wiil Uffe Kock , Nielsen Anette Søgaard 
Published: August 2021

Background
As a preamble to an attempt to develop a tool that can aid health professionals at hospitals in identifying whether the patient may have an alcohol abuse problem, this study investigates opinions and attitudes among both health professionals and patients about using patient data from electronic health records (EHRs) in an algorithm screening for alcohol problems.

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the attitudes and opinions of patients and health professionals at hospitals regarding the use of previously collected data in developing and implementing an algorithmic helping tool in EHR for screening inexpedient alcohol habits; in addition, the study aims to analyze how patients would feel about asking and being asked about alcohol by staff, based on a notification in the EHR from such a tool.

Methods
Using semistructured interviews, we interviewed 9 health professionals and 5 patients to explore their opinions and attitudes about an algorithm-based helping tool and about asking and being asked about alcohol usage when being given a reminder from this type of tool. The data were analyzed using an ad hoc method consistent with a close reading and meaning condensing.

Results
The health professionals were both positive and negative about a helping tool grounded in algorithms. They were optimistic about the potential of such a tool to save some time by providing a quick overview if it was easy to use but, on the negative side, noted that this type of helping tool might take away the professionals’ instinct. The patients were overall positive about the helping tool, stating that they would find this tool beneficial for preventive care. Some of the patients expressed concerns that the information provided by the tool could be misused.

Conclusions
When developing and implementing an algorithmic helping tool, the following aspects should be considered: (1) making the helping tool as transparent in its recommendations as possible, avoiding black boxing, and ensuring room for professional discretion in clinical decision making; and (2) including and taking into account the attitudes and opinions of patients and health professionals in the design and development process of such an algorithmic helping tool.
POSSIBILITY STUDY OF IMPLEMENTING VERTICAL CONSTRUCTED WETLAND FOR DOMESTIC WASTE WATER TREATMENT IN URBAN KAMPONG
Authors: Sutanto Haryati , Bawole Paulus 
Published: August 2021

The Indonesian Ministry of Environment in 2014 released study results that 60-70% of rivers in Indonesia have been polluted by domestic wastewater, which is not treated properly. Improper and inadequate wastewater treatment not only pollutes water resources and damages ecosystems, but can also pose a significant public health risk. The development of spontaneous settlements in urban kampong makes the environmental quality within the settlements getting worse and many people consider that the area of urban kampong is not habitable. The efforts to treat wastewater before being discharged into water bodies are very important. The study of "vertical constructed wetland" model using water plants which are also ornamental plants can be considered as an alternative system for household wastewater treatment in kampong settlements. The objective of the research is to develop an alternative model of wastewater treatment that can overcome the obstacles of implementing a wastewater treatment system in terms of cost and availability land. The result shows that the removal efficiency of BOD, phosphate and total coliform are 71.64%, 50,92% and 99.67% respectively. Since the research is still being conducted on a laboratory scale, the further study must be developed with real case studies in low income community settlements in Kampung Kota. Additionally this research can give suggestions to local government an alternative policy to implement domestic waste water treatment plan in a densely populated settlement along the riverbank in the city.
El derecho a la muerte digital y la protección post mortem de los datos personales: nuevas prerrogativas aplicables al ecosistema digital
Authors: Peña Pérez Pascal 
Published: August 2021

<span lang="ES-TRAD">La protección de los datos personales ha generado nuevas prerrogativas aplicables al entorno digital, las cuales han sido acompañadas de mecanismos efectivos para su pleno ejercicio. Los nuevos derechos digitales, tales como el derecho al olvido, el derecho a la portabilidad de los datos o el derecho a la muerte digital y los derechos sucesorales sobre datos que reposen en dispositivos físicos y en plataformas digitales, que constituyen la base de debates que han surgido en países con un mayor avance legislativo y jurisprudencial. Tal experiencia comparada nos permite evaluar como reaccionarían nuestros ordenamientos jurídicos a estos conflictos modernos que se suscitan alrededor de la protección de los datos personales.</span>