bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of heterocyclic methyl substituted pyridine Schiff base transition metal complexes
Authors: Borase Jitendra N. , Mahale R. G. , Rajput S. S. , Shirsath Dhanraj S. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn recent years heterocyclic Schiff base metal complexes attract more attention in biological application and also showing interesting co-ordination chemistry. In this research article a novel heterocyclic methyl-substituted pyridine Schiff base transition metal complexes of Fe(III), Co(III), Cu(II), and Ni(II) have been design and synthesized by reacting metal acetate or metal salts (FeCl3, CoOAc, CuOAc, NiOAc), with substituted heterocyclic ligand. All newly synthesized metalcomplexes were characterized by spectroscopic data and screened for elemental analysis, FT-IR, ESR, Magnetic susceptibility and TGA. The Electronic spectra and magnetic susceptibility measurements indicates that square planer and octahedral geometry of these complexes also suggest their structure in which (N, O) group acts as bidentate ligand. The thermal stability, decomposition rate and thermodynamic parameters of synthesized metal complexes were calculated by Freeman Carroll method. Also the biostatistical data of antimicrobial and anti-oxidant activities of synthesized metal complexes indicates moderate to good results.Graphic abstract
Experimental analysis on hydrodynamic coefficients of an underwater glider with spherical nose for dynamic modeling and motion simulation
Authors: Divsalar Kambiz , Shafaghat Rouzbeh , Farhadi Mousa , Alamian Rezvan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we present a study of an underwater glider with a cylindrical body, a conical end shape and a spherical nose with NACA0009 airfoil wings. In the experimental section, we investigate the hydrodynamic coefficients of drag and lift as well as the torque on the glider then analyze the launch velocity, launch angles, angular velocity, and displacement range as the main parameters for evaluating of motion dynamics. In the numerical section, we investigate the optimal performance of the glider using the meta-heuristic optimization method in order to find the path and range of motion of the moving mass and control of the sea glider, which is very important for navigation scope. To be specific, body and wings hydrodynamic coefficients are obtained in the velocity range of [0.2, 1] $$m/s$$

m
/
s

; According to the results, the drag coefficient increases with increasing velocity, while the lift coefficient increases up to velocity of $$0.8 m/s$$

0.8
m
/
s

, then decreases at velocity of $$1 m/s$$

1
m
/
s

. Also, the wing drag coefficient decreases with increasing velocity, while the wing lift coefficient increases with increasing velocity. In the next step, in order to calculate an optimum ratio between obtained depth and horizontal distance, the designed algorithm investigate the glider launch angle and finally, the 10 degrees launch angle is chosen as the optimum angle. Subsequently, the analysis performed on mass center displacement range shows that the oscillation interval $$[- 0.045, 0.085]$$

[
-
0.045
,
0.085
]

$$m$$
m
is an optimum displacement domain.
Tailings Filtration Using Viper Filtration Technology—a Case Study
Authors: Whatnall Oliver , Barber Kevin , Robinson Peter 
Published: January 2021

AbstractInvestigation and uptake of filtered tailings continues to grow throughout the globe. This is driven by a wide range of site-specific considerations, which include such factors as tailings characteristics (e.g., amenability to filtration), production rates, climate, water availability, cost drivers, environmental requirements, and social factors. Despite the aforementioned technological growth, the currently available filtration technology is not able to meet the needs of many operations and projects that would otherwise adopt the technology. Experience with large-scale industrial filtration shows that vacuum belt filter systems meet the needs of many modern users, exceptions being the inability to effectively dewater tailings at altitude and/or with a fine particle size distribution: a potential fatal flaw. This paper presents a case study on the utilization of the patented Viper Filtration technology on gold tailings to overcome this challenge and shares the resultant full-scale plant design, highlighting the features designed to overcome cost and scalability deterrents. This technology is a novel mechanical process which complements the vacuum pressure in dewatering the filter cake as it travels along the belt filter. This project commenced with a pilot testing program, which successfully met the objective to rigorously test, measure and record any performance improvements achieved when engaging the Viper technology. Of the two tailings products tested, gross improvements of 4.2%w/w and 5.7%w/w were achieved when compared to the conventional vacuum belt filter operation. This pilot testing facilitated measurement of operating and design data, which forms the basis of the full-scale system design and resultant equipment supply of three vibration roller assemblies for retro-fitting on the existing vacuum belt filter.
Mauvais Mercredi et Vendredi saint : Conflits politiques urbains et temps liturgique dans les Pays-Bas du Moyen Âge tardif
Authors: Dumolyn Jan , Haemers Jelle 
Published: January 2021

Mauvais Mercredi et Vendredi saint: Conflits politiques urbains et temps liturgique dans les Pays-Bas du Moyen Âge tardifCet article examine la manière dont les groupes sociaux représentaient les conflits politiques dans les Pays-Bas de la fin du Moyen Âge, en étudiant non seulement comment l’on se souvenait de ces événements, mais aussi comment ils pouvaient être recyclés et manipulés. Il a déjà été démontré que la politique de la fin du Moyen Âge devait être générationnelle, les personnes impliquées dans les révoltes conservant activement la mémoire des luttes de leurs prédécesseurs. Cette étude soutient cependant que les formes de ces mémoires cycliques des révoltes passées ont été façonnées par la matrice sociale et religieuse fondamentale qu’était le temps liturgique chrétien et qui se reflétait dans des noms aussi parlants que « Vendredi saint » ou « Mauvais Mercredi», donnés par les artisans urbains à leurs soulèvements. Cette pratique consistant à se souvenir des conflits politiques par l’utilisation des jours de la semaine, qui semble être une allusion au cycle de la Passion, est fréquemment attestée, en particulier dans la Flandre du xive siècle. L’étude de cet usage, ainsi que celle de la représentation et de l’utilisation de symboles liturgiques dans ces révoltes, montrent que les citoyens du Moyen Âge tardif n’étaient pas de simples récepteurs passifs des catégorisations ecclésiastiques du temps imposées d’en haut ; ils réinterprétaient activement les éléments chronologiques en façonnant et en modifiant la représentation des événements, politiques ou autres, en fonction des publics. Ainsi, les différentes manières de nommer les événements politiques importants témoignent de la façon dont les groupes sociaux ont forgé une représentation des passés communs au sein d’un « temps social » pertinent pour leur identité de groupe, même si ces discours étaient basés sur une conception chrétienne largement partagée du temps historique influencée par la pratique liturgique collective.
Deindustrialization and the Demand for Protection
Authors: Ba Heather-Leigh Kathryn , Coleman Tyler 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCurrent explanations of demand for anti-dumping protections focus on the role of the business cycle, and fluctuations in real exchange rates. However, empirical evidence supporting these explanations is based primarily on the experience of industrialized countries. Here, we examine anti-dumping petitions in a broader sample of thirty-four industrialized and middle income countries from 1978–2015. We also propose a new determinant of demand for anti-dumping petitions—changes in the pattern of industrial production between developed and developing economies over this period have contributed to deindustrialization in advanced economies and premature industrialization some developing countries. These changes threaten established industries and motivate them to demand protection.
Risk factors and protective measures for healthcare worker infection during highly infectious viral respiratory epidemics: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tian Chenchen , Lovrics Olivia , Vaisman Alon , Chin Ki Jinn , Tomlinson George , Lee Yung , Englesakis Marina , Parotto Matteo , Singh Mandeep 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjective:To investigate risk factors for healthcare worker (HCW) infection in viral respiratory pandemics: severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), SARS CoV-1, influenza A H1N1, influenza H5N1. To improve understanding of HCW risk management amid the COVID-19 pandemic.Design:Systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods:We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases from conception until July 2020 for studies comparing infected HCWs (cases) and noninfected HCWs (controls) and risk factors for infection. Outcomes included HCW types, infection prevention practices, and medical procedures. Pooled effect estimates with pathogen-specific stratified meta-analysis and inverse variance meta-regression analysis were completed. We used the GRADE framework to rate certainty of evidence. (PROSPERO no. CRD42020176232, 6 April 2020.)Results:In total, 54 comparative studies were included (n = 191,004 HCWs). Compared to nonfrontline HCWs, frontline HCWs were at increased infection risk (OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.24–2.22), and the risk was greater for HCWs involved in endotracheal intubations (risk difference, 35.2%; 95% CI, 21.4–47.9). Use of gloves, gown, surgical mask, N95 respirator, face protection, and infection training were each strongly protective against infection. Meta-regression showed reduced infection risk in frontline HCWs working in facilities with infection designated wards (OR, −1.04; 95% CI, −1.53 to −0.33,P= .004) and performing aerosol-generating medical procedures in designated centers (OR, −1.30; 95% CI, −2.52 to −0.08;P= .037).Conclusions:During highly infectious respiratory pandemics, widely available protective measures such as use of gloves, gowns, and face masks are strongly protective against infection and should be instituted, preferably in dedicated settings, to protect frontline HCW during waves of respiratory virus pandemics.
Measuring Preferences and Behaviours in the 2019 Canadian Election Study
Authors: Stephenson Laura B. , Harell Allison , Rubenson Daniel , Loewen Peter John 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe 2019 Canadian Election Study (CES) consists of two separate surveys with campaign-period rolling cross-sections and post-election follow-ups. The parallel studies were conducted online and through a random-digit-dial (RDD) telephone survey. Both continue the long tradition of gathering information about the attitudes, opinions, preferences and behaviours of the Canadian public. The online survey, in particular, introduces some important innovations that open up the potential for exciting new research on subgroups in the electorate.
Marxism in the Emergence and Fragmentation of Liberationist Christianity in Argentina
Authors: Bradbury Pablo 
Published: January 2021

AbstractStudies of liberationist Christianity in Argentina have largely explained its emergence with reference to changes or continuities within the Catholic Church. This article instead analyses firstly how Marxist humanism, dependency theory and left nationalism shaped a rapprochement with Christianity in the 1960s, with Peronism often functioning as an intermediary. Moreover, it demonstrates the ways in which the ongoing ambivalent relationship between Marxism and the liberationist Christian movement in Argentina manifested in the fragmentation of the Movimiento de Sacerdotes para el Tercer Mundo (Movement of Priests for the Third World) in the first half of the 1970s. In doing so, it identifies Marxism not as merely a passive repository of ideas but as an active agent in liberationist Christianity's development, and adds a new layer of understanding of the dynamics and fragmentation of the movement.
Development of a checklist to guide equity considerations in health technology assessment
Authors: Benkhalti Maria , Espinoza Manuel , Cookson Richard , Welch Vivian , Tugwell Peter , Dagenais Pierre 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Health technology assessment (HTA) can impact health inequities by informing healthcare priority-setting decisions. This paper presents a novel checklist to guide HTA practitioners looking to include equity considerations in their work: the equity checklist for HTA (ECHTA). The list is pragmatically organized according to the generic HTA phases and can be consulted at each step.

Methods
A first set of items was based on the framework for equity in HTA developed by Culyer and Bombard. After rewording and reorganizing according to five HTA phases, they were complemented by elements emerging from a literature search. Consultations with method experts, decision makers, and stakeholders further refined the items. Further feedback was sought during a presentation of the tool at an international HTA conference. Lastly, the checklist was piloted through all five stages of an HTA.

Results
ECHTA proposes elements to be considered at each one of the five HTA phases: Scoping, Evaluation, Recommendations and Conclusions, Knowledge Translation and Implementation, and Reassessment. More than a simple checklist, the tool provides details and examples that guide the evaluators through an analysis in each phase. A pilot test is also presented, which demonstrates the ECHTA's usability and added value.

Conclusions
ECHTA provides guidance for HTA evaluators wishing to ensure that their conclusions do not contribute to inequalities in health. Several points to build upon the current checklist will be addressed by a working group of experts, and further feedback is welcome from evaluators who have used the tool.
Emotions and the tolerance of large carnivores: pumas in a crop-based landscape in Brazil
Authors: Dechner Andrea 
Published: January 2021

SummaryUnderstanding the factors that affect the tolerance of carnivores is critical for proposing strategies for their conservation. A widely known hazard-acceptance model for large carnivores proposes that, unlike cognitive factors, emotional (affective) factors are secondary drivers of tolerance towards these species. The main objective of this article is to compare the effect of affective and cognitive factors on the tolerance of pumas (Puma concolor), using 109 semi-structured interviews conducted in a rural landscape in the state of Bahia (Brazil). Through the use of cumulative link models I found that although the cognitive model explained a considerable amount of variability (gen. R2 = 0.38) in the tolerance of the species, the affective model explained a higher amount of variability (gen. R2 = 0.44). In addition, an integrative model containing cognitive and affective factors explained the highest amount of variability (gen. R2 = 0.51). Contrary to what has been believed for decades, humans may not process information regarding wildlife from a purely analytical viewpoint, and social-based strategies for carnivore conservation should benefit from integrative approaches that consider emotional responses to wildlife.
Rethinking the Role of the Speaker: Power, Institutional Development, and the Myth of the “Impartial Moderator” in the Early US House of Representatives
Authors: PEART DANIEL 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe early Speakers of the US House of Representatives, most historians and political scientists have agreed, aspired only to facilitate legislative business; the office served as an “impartial moderator,” its functions were “largely ceremonial,” and its occupants of no more consequence than a mere “traffic cop.” This article challenges that conclusion by presenting episodes from the tenures of four early Speakers—Jonathan Dayton, Theodore Sedgwick, Nathaniel Macon, and Joseph B. Varnum—to illustrate their contributions to debates that still occupy us today: the relationship between Congress and president; the scope of federal power; the extent of constitutional freedoms; and the functions and limitations of party government. At a moment when scholars are showing renewed interest in the historical mechanics of lawmaking, this article argues for reinserting the Speakership back into the heart of that process, where it has always belonged.
Large‐Scale Fracture Systems Are Permeable Pathways for Fault Activation During Hydraulic Fracturing
Authors: Igonin Nadine , Verdon James P. , Kendall J.‐Michael , Eaton David W. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractInduced seismicity due to fluid injection, including hydraulic fracturing, is an increasingly common phenomenon worldwide; yet, the mechanisms by which hydraulic fracturing causes fault activation remain unclear. Here we show that preexisting fracture networks are instrumental in transferring fluid pressures to larger faults on which dynamic rupture occurs. Studies of hydraulic fracturing‐induced seismicity in North America have often used observations from regional seismograph networks at distances of 10s of km, and as such lack the resolution to answer some of the key questions about triggering mechanisms. To carry out a more detailed analysis of the mechanisms of fault activation, we use data from a dense sensor array located at a hydraulic‐fracturing site in Alberta, Canada. The spatiotemporal distribution of event hypocenters, coupled with measurements of seismic anisotropy, reveal the presence of preexisting fracture corridors that allowed communication of fluid‐pressure perturbations to larger faults, over distances of 1 km or more. The presence of preexisting permeable fracture networks can significantly increase the volume of rock affected by the pore‐pressure increase, thereby increasing the probability of induced seismicity. This study demonstrates the importance of understanding the connectivity of preexisting natural fractures for assessing potential seismic hazards associated with hydraulic fracturing of shale formations and offers a detailed case exposition of induced seismicity due to hydraulic fracturing.
Seismic Efficiency for Simple Crater Formation in the Martian Top Crust Analog
Authors: Rajšić A. , Miljković K. , Collins G. S. , Wünnemann K. , Daubar I. J. , Wójcicka N. , Wieczorek M. A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe first seismometer operating on the surface of another planet was deployed by the NASA InSight (Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport) mission to Mars. It gives us an opportunity to investigate the seismicity of Mars, including any seismic activity caused by small meteorite bombardment. Detectability of impact generated seismic signals is closely related to the seismic efficiency, defined as the fraction of the impactor's kinetic energy transferred into the seismic energy in a target medium. This work investigated the seismic efficiency of the Martian near surface associated with small meteorite impacts on Mars. We used the iSALE‐2D (Impact‐Simplified Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian) shock physics code to simulate the formation of the meter‐size impact craters, and we used a recently formed 1.5 m diameter crater as a case study. The Martian crust was simulated as unfractured nonporous bedrock, fractured bedrock with 25% porosity, and highly porous regolith with 44% and 65% porosity. We used appropriate strength and porosity models defined in previous works, and we identified that the seismic efficiency is very sensitive to the speed of sound and elastic threshold in the target medium. We constrained the value of the impact‐related seismic efficiency to be between the order of ∼10‐7 to 10‐6 for the regolith and ∼10‐4 to 10‐3 for the bedrock. For new impacts occurring on Mars, this work can help understand the near‐surface properties of the Martian crust, and it contributes to the understanding of impact detectability via seismic signals as a function of the target media.
Evaluation of Standardized Psychological Screening for Pediatric Inpatients
Authors: Albright Dana K. , Gornik Allison , Andersen Melissa , Monroe Kimberly , Kullgren Kristin A. 
Published: January 2021

Objective: This study aimed to examine the efficacy of a psychological screening tool for hospitalized pediatric patients to identify those at high risk for adjustment difficulties and optimize referrals to pediatric behavioral health (BH) providers. Specifically, this study evaluated the PROMIS® Parent Proxy 25 to capture the psychosocial needs of the inpatient pediatric population admitted to the general medicine floor in a free standing children’s hospital. Methods: The PROMIS® Parent Proxy 25 was administered to parents of children ages 5 to 17 ( N = 128). Chart review was used to group children into those who did or did not receive BH consultation during their admission. Results: Results indicate that the PROMIS® Parent Proxy Anxiety and Depression scales consistently differentiated between children’s consultation status while also indicating a notable level of unmet need in children who did not receive BH consultation. Examination of patterns of scale elevations also provides further information to guide consultations to BH services. Conclusions: Results suggest that the PROMIS® Parent Proxy 25 may be a useful screening tool to determine pediatric patients who need BH referrals. Parental responses to the screener may also be used by CL services to identify patients with BH needs, which would enhance medical provider assessment of patient needs and factors impacting patient functioning. Implications for Impact Statement This study demonstrates the utility of a psychological screening tool (PROMIS® Parent Proxy 25) for hospitalized pediatric patients. Effective psychological screening aids the accurate and efficient linking of patients in need with important mental health services.
Targeting TRPV1-mediated autophagy attenuates nitrogen mustard-induced dermal toxicity
Authors: Chen Mingliang , Dong Xunhu , Deng Haoyue , Ye Feng , Zhao Yuanpeng , Cheng Jin , Dan Guorong , Zhao Jiqing , Sai Yan , Bian Xiuwu , Zou Zhongmin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractNitrogen mustard (NM) causes severe vesicating skin injury, which lacks effective targeted therapies. The major limitation is that the specific mechanism of NM-induced skin injury is not well understood. Recently, autophagy has been found to play important roles in physical and chemical exposure-caused cutaneous injuries. However, whether autophagy contributes to NM-induced dermal toxicity is unclear. Herein, we initially confirmed that NM dose-dependently caused cell death and induced autophagy in keratinocytes. Suppression of autophagy by 3-methyladenine, chloroquine, and bafilomycin A1 or ATG5 siRNA attenuated NM-induced keratinocyte cell death. Furthermore, NM increased transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) expression, intracellular Ca2+ content, and the activities of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), unc-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). NM-induced autophagy in keratinocytes was abolished by treatment with inhibitors of TRPV1 (capsazepine), CaMKKβ (STO-609), AMPK (compound C), and ULK1 (SBI-0206965) as well as TRPV1, CaMKKβ, and AMPK siRNA transfection. In addition, an mTOR inhibitor (rapamycin) had no significant effect on NM-stimulated autophagy or cell death of keratinocytes. Finally, the results of the in vivo experiment in NM-treated skin tissues were consistent with the findings of the in vitro experiment. In conclusion, NM-caused dermal toxicity by overactivating autophagy partially through the activation of TRPV1-Ca2+-CaMKKβ-AMPK-ULK1 signaling pathway. These results suggest that blocking TRPV1-dependent autophagy could be a potential treatment strategy for NM-caused cutaneous injury.