bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Terahertz Microfluidic Sensing with Dual‐Torus Toroidal Metasurfaces
Authors: Xu Jinjin , Liao Denggao , Gupta Manoj , Zhu Yiming , Zhuang Songlin , Singh Ranjan , Chen Lin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractToroidal excitation manifests as currents flowing on the surface of a torus along its meridians that are known as poloidal currents. Several intriguing phenomena such as nonradiating anapole excitation, dynamic Aharonov–Bohm effect, and vector potential in the absence of electromagnetic fields occur in the presence of toroidal excitations. Toroidal resonances in metamaterials also offer a platform to probe strong light–matter interactions in its proximity due to the nonradiating confinement of photons. Here, a dual‐torus toroidal flexible metasurface containing an array of overlapped split ring resonators is experimentally demonstrated, which results in strong field confinement for enhanced sensing of polar liquid analytes. Microfluidic integrated dual‐torus toroidal resonance experimentally shows significantly higher sensitivity of 124.3 GHz per refractive index unit compared to a single torus toroidal resonance. Flexible metasurfaces supporting dual torus toroidal resonance can find a wide range of applications in the development of ultrasensitive terahertz molecular sensors for probing real time monitoring of chemicals and biomolecules.
The delineation of the Wolf‐Hirschhorn syndrome over six decades: Illustration of the ongoing advances in phenotype analysis and cytogenomic technology
Authors: Battaglia Agatino , Carey John C. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSince Hirschhorn's description in 1961, the history and chronology of the clinical, cytogenetic, and molecular characterization of Wolf‐Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) elegantly demonstrates the remarkable advances in genetic technology over the last six decades that have paralleled the delineation of the phenotype. After mention in the Human Chromosome Newsletter of a child with a visible deletion of the top of a B chromosome group, 4–5, Hirschhorn and colleagues companioned their report with that of Wolf et al. in Humangenetik in 1965, and the condition was recognized and named. The 1960–1970s witnessed the description of many of the now classic chromosome disorders, including WHS, while HRB allowed for the recognition of chromosome syndromes with smaller deletions/duplications. FISH probes, developed in the next two decades, enabled the characterization of the critical region of WHS and improved clinical diagnosis with subtelomeric probes. Cytogenomic microarray in the early‐mid 2000s led to both improved diagnosis of WHS patients and documentation of microdeletions of <5 megabases, helping to characterize the critical regions for specific component phenotypes (e.g., seizures, face). Recently exome sequencing technology has led to the discovery of WHS patients with WHSC1 loss of function variants, displaying some cardinal features of the phenotype (face, growth, and developmental delay).
Plasma amyloid β levels are driven by genetic variants near APOE, BACE1, APP, PSEN2: A genome‐wide association study in over 12,000 non‐demented participants
Authors: Damotte Vincent , van der Lee Sven J. , Chouraki Vincent , Grenier‐Boley Benjamin , Simino Jeannette , Adams Hieab , Tosto Giuseppe , White Charles , Terzikhan Natalie , Cruchaga Carlos , Knol Maria J. , Li Shuo , Schraen Susanna , Grove Megan L. , Satizabal Claudia , Amin Najaf , Berr Claudine , Younkin Steven ,   Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Gottesman Rebecca F. , Buée Luc , Beiser Alexa , Knopman David S. , Uitterlinden Andre , DeCarli Charles , Bressler Jan , DeStefano Anita , Dartigues Jean‐François , Yang Qiong , Boerwinkle Eric , Tzourio Christophe , Fornage Myriam , Ikram M. Arfan , Amouyel Philippe , de Jager Phil , Reitz Christiane , Mosley Thomas H. , Lambert Jean‐Charles , Seshadri Sudha , van Duijn Cornelia M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIntroductionThere is increasing interest in plasma amyloid beta (Aβ) as an endophenotype of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Identifying the genetic determinants of plasma Aβ levels may elucidate important biological processes that determine plasma Aβ measures.MethodsWe included 12,369 non‐demented participants from eight population‐based studies. Imputed genetic data and measured plasma Aβ1‐40, Aβ1‐42 levels and Aβ1‐42/Aβ1‐40 ratio were used to perform genome‐wide association studies, and gene‐based and pathway analyses. Significant variants and genes were followed up for their association with brain positron emission tomography Aβ deposition and AD risk.ResultsSingle‐variant analysis identified associations with apolipoprotein E (APOE) for Aβ1‐42 and Aβ1‐42/Aβ1‐40 ratio, and BACE1 for Aβ1‐40. Gene‐based analysis of Aβ1‐40 additionally identified associations for APP, PSEN2, CCK, and ZNF397. There was suggestive evidence for interaction between a BACE1 variant and APOE ε4 on brain Aβ deposition.DiscussionIdentification of variants near/in known major Aβ‐processing genes strengthens the relevance of plasma‐Aβ levels as an endophenotype of AD.
Endocircular Li Carbon Rings
Authors: Yang Yi‐Fan , Cederbaum Lorenz S. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBy employing accurate state‐of‐the‐art many‐electron quantum‐chemistry methods, we establish that monocyclic carbon rings can accommodate Li guest atoms. The low‐lying electronic states of these endocircular systems are analyzed and found to include both charge‐separated states where the guest Li atom appears as a cation and the ring as an anion and encircled‐electron states where Li and the ring are neutral. The electron binding energies of the encircled‐electron states increase drastically at their highly symmetric equilibrium geometries with increasing size of the ring, and in Li@C24, this state becomes the ground state. Li is very weakly bound vertical to the rings in the low‐lying encircled‐electron states, hinting to van‐der‐Waals binding. Applcations are mentioned.
Stimuli‐Responsive Deep‐Blue Organic Ultralong Phosphorescence with Lifetime over 5 s for Reversible Water‐Jet Anti‐Counterfeiting Printing
Authors: Zhang Jingyu , Xu Shen , Wang Zijie , Xue Peiran , Wang Wuji , Zhang Longyan , Shi Yuqi , Huang Wei , Chen Runfeng 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOrganic ultralong room temperature phosphorescence (OURTP) materials with photophysical properties sensitive to external stimulus are highly attractive for advanced applications. However, most OURTP molecules are in crystal and OURTP materials with good practicability and stimulus‐responsive character are hard to be achieved. Here, we report, for the first time, the highly efficient, ultralong‐lived and deep‐blue OURTP materials by simply doping boron phosphor into cyanuric acid host. Host–guest OURTP composites with abundant and tunable H‐bond network are highly stable in air with ultralong lifetime of 5.08 s at room temperature. They are sensitive to water, which can strength the H‐bond network to significantly enhance OURTP quantum yield from 16.1 % to 37.6 %. Anti‐counterfeiting paper was easily prepared for water‐jet printing; the jet‐printed high‐resolution OURTP patterns can be easily erased by solvent fuming for another printing/erasing cycle with high reversibility.
Numerical study of the falling film wettability and heat transfer on the inclined plates with different corrugated structures
Authors: Wan Zhihua , Li Yanzhong 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this study, 2D and 3D models of corrugated plates using the volume of fluid (VOF) model were set up to simulate the influence of corrugated structure on the wettability and heat transfer. The results show that compared with the triangular corrugation, the rectangular corrugation has a slower growth rate of wetting ratio (WR) as the Weber number (We) increases under the same corrugation lengthLeand corrugation depthDe. The averageWRof the triangular corrugation is 2.8% less than that of the smooth plate. For the triangular corrugation, the higherLecontributes to improving wettability, but the average heat transfer coefficienthavgfirst decreases to the minimum atLe = 5 mm and then increases 8% to 9% to a steady value untilLe = 8 mm.WRdecreases withDeatWe ≤ 0.76. AWRcorrelation considering the corrugation steepnessSt(St = De/Le) and a criticalRecorrelation corresponding to the minimum wetting rate were fitted for the liquid oxygen. As the inclination angleϕincreases, the average film thickness decreases andhavgincreases untilϕ = 75°, while the variation rate slows down afterwards. AtRe = 1200,havghas a decreasing trend atSt ≤ 0.13, increases atSt ≥ 0.14 and reaches a plateau afterSt = 0.24 asStincreases. It increases by 30.6%, 47.4%, and 44.4% for the inclination angleϕ = 30°, 60°, 90° cases fromSt = 0.14 to 0.24. The enhancement is caused by the vortices existing atSt ≥ 0.14.
Efficient Red Electroluminescence From Phenanthro[9,10‐d]imidazole‐Naphtho[2,3‐c][1,2,5]thiadiazole Donor‐Acceptor Derivatives
Authors: Tang Xiangyang , Liu Hui , Liu Futong , He Xin , Xu Xuehui , Chen Jianwu , Peng Qiming , Lu Ping 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRed emission is one of the three primary colors and is indispensable for full color displays. Fluorescent materials that can generate efficient red electroluminescence (EL) are limited and need to be developed. In this work, we report efficient red emitters based on phenanthro[9,10‐d]imidazole‐naphtho[2,3‐c][1,2,5]thiadiazole donor‐acceptor derivatives. The molecules, abbreviated as PINzP and PINzPCN, exhibited high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) up to unity in doped films. They can also reach a relatively high PLQY of ∼30% in neat films. PINzP and PINzPCN were capable of generating efficient red EL in doped devices with a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 6.96% and 5.92%, respectively.
Electromagnetic Dosimetry for Isolated Mitochondria Exposed to Near‐Infrared Continuous‐Wave Illumination in Photobiomodulation Experiments
Authors: Amaroli Andrea , Benedicenti Stefano , Bianco Bruno , Bosco Alessandro , Clemente Vargas Mario Rene , Hanna Reem , Kalarickel Ramakrishnan Praveen , Raffetto Mirco , Ravera Silvia 
Published: May 2021

This paper presents results on the electromagnetic field computed inside isolated mitochondria when they are exposed to near‐infrared illuminations with reference to photobiomodulation experiments. The accurate calculation of the electromagnetic dose is considered to be important for a better understanding of the mechanism of interaction of light with these organelles and to improve the reliability and repeatability of the experiments. To get such results, we introduce several models. Even though they refer to a well‐defined experimental setup, different models are necessary to take into account the possible different dispositions of the mitochondria, and of the differences in their dimensions and in their constitutive parameters. Different wavelengths and polarizations are considered as well. The effects of all parameters on the electromagnetic field inside mitochondria are discussed. © 2021 Bioelectromagnetics Society.
A scalable bubble‐free membrane aerator for biosurfactant production
Authors: Bongartz Patrick , Bator Isabel , Baitalow Kristina , Keller Robert , Tiso Till , Blank Lars Mathias , Wessling Matthias 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe bioeconomy is a paramount pillar in the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. Still, the industrialization of bioprocesses is limited by economical and technical obstacles. The synthesis of biosurfactants as advanced substitutes for crude‐oil‐based surfactants is often restrained by excessive foaming. We present the synergistic combination of simulations and experiments towards a reactor design of a submerged membrane module for the efficient bubble‐free aeration of bioreactors. A digital twin of the combined bioreactor and membrane aeration module was created and the membrane arrangement was optimized in computational fluid dynamics studies with respect to fluid mixing. The optimized design was prototyped and tested in whole‐cell biocatalysis to produce rhamnolipid biosurfactants from sugars. Without any foam formation, the new design enables a considerable higher space–time yield compared to previous studies with membrane modules. The design approach of this study is of generic nature beyond rhamnolipid production.
The relationship between body image and emotional and cognitive impairment after brain damage: A preliminary study
Authors: Corallo Francesco , Tarda Dominique , Coppola Valentina , Bonanno Lilla , Lo Buono Viviana , Palmeri Rosanna , De Cola Maria Cristina , Di Cara Marcella , Romeo Laura , Raciti Loredana , Todaro Antonino , Logiudice Anna Lisa , Bramanti Placido , Marino Silvia , Formica Caterina 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe image of one's own body derives from experimentation of one's own body pattern. The emotional experience can lead to a real or distorted self‐representation. After brain damage, a disorder of body image is frequent. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of body image following acquired brain injury (ABI).MethodsForty‐six hospitalized patients were enrolled and subdivided into two groups depending on the etiology of the damage: traumatic or vascular. For each group, we considered their cognitive level and mood. Patients underwent a broad battery of tests to investigate different domains: Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA); Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI‐II); Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM‐A); Clinical Insight Rating Scale (CIRS); Body Image Scale (BIS); Human Figure Drawing (HFD). The latter was used to assess the implicit body image of each patient.ResultsBoth groups showed a significant relationship between BDI‐II and BIS. A positive correlation was found between BIS and HAM‐A, but only in the traumatic group. We showed a positive correlation between MoCA and HFD. In addition, we observed some subitems of MoCA as predictive variables in HFD, which differ in the two groups. In a traumatic group, the visuospatial domain is predictive in HFD, as well as age of patients’ and education. In the vascular groups, orientation, naming, abstraction, and language domains are instead predictive.ConclusionsThe results confirm the crucial role of the cognitive level and mood on self‐perception.
Environmental attitude in the board. Who are the “green directors”? Evidences from Italy
Authors: Cosma Simona , Schwizer Paola , Nobile Lorenzo , Leopizzi Rossella 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBoard members' attitudes towards environmental protection are an important antecedent of how companies define and implement sustainability initiatives, but little is known about directors' attitudes and the factors associated with these. Using survey data on Italian board members, the research sought to explore the relationships between these individual's personal attributes, especially those related to their roles on boards, and their attitudes towards environmental protection. The findings suggest that female directors, directors with financial background, and independent directors are positively related to attitudes towards environmental protection. In the financial sector, younger board members and risk committee members show stronger environmental attitudes. The results could be of interest to policymakers because the board member attributes identified may require a stronger regulatory focus in order to achieve public policy's environmental protection objectives and to governance bodies in terms of defining board committees' composition and selecting “green directors” oriented towards environmental issues.
Incorporation of TePhe into Expressed Proteins is Minimally Perturbing
Authors: Jia Bu Yong , Nitz Mark 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTellurium is a versatile heavy chalcogen with numerous applications in chemical biology, providing valuable probes in mass cytometry, fluorescence imaging and structural biology. L‐Tellurienylalanine (TePhe) is an analogue of the proteinogenic amino acid L‐phenylalanine (Phe) in which the phenyl side chain has been replaced by a 5‐membered tellurophene moiety. High incorporation level of TePhe in expressed proteins at defined sites is expected to facilitate studies in proteomics, protein NMR spectroscopy, and structure elucidation. As a model we chose immunoglobulin‐binding Protein G, B1 domain (GB1) to validate TePhe as a suitable structural analogue for Phe. We demonstrate that approximately 1 in 2 of all Phe sites within GB1 can be substituted with TePhe through expression in standard non‐Phe‐auxotrophic E. coli in Phe‐deficient media containing glyphosate, an inhibitor of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis. The TePhe content of the GB1 sample can be further increased to 85 % through HPLC. Using NMR and CD spectroscopy, we confirm that the Phe‐to‐TePhe substitution has negligible impact on the global structure and stability of GB1.
Paired‐like homeodomain transcription factor 2 affects endometrial cell function and embryo implantation through the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway
Authors: Zhang Hongshuo , Qi Jia , Guo Jinqiu , Wang Yufei , Guan Ying , Fan Jianhui , Sui Linlin , Xu Yuefei , Kong Li , Yan Bin , Kong Ying 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe successful implantation of embryos is crucial for pregnancy in mammals. This complex process is inevitably dependent on the development of the endometrium. The paired‐like homeodomain transcription factor 2 (PITX2) is involved in a variety of biological processes, but whether it is involved in embryo implantation has not been reported. In this study, we aimed to investigate uterine expression and regulation of PITX2 during implantation. We found that PITX2 was elevated in the human endometrium in the secretory phase. The results of the pregnant mouse models showed that PITX2 expression was spatiotemporal in mouse endometrial tissue throughout peri‐implantation period, and it was significantly upregulated at the time of implantation. Interestingly, PITX2 was mainly localized to the glandular epithelium cells on D2.5‐3.5 of pregnancy, while D5.5‐6.5 was largely expressed in stromal cells. In vitro, PITX2 regulated endometrial cells proliferation, migration, invasion, and other functions through the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway. In addition, a significant decrease in the rate of embryo implantation was observed after injecting PITX2 small interfering RNA into the uterine horn. These results demonstrate the effects of PITX2 on the physiological function of endometrial cells and embryo implantation, suggesting a role in the endometrial regulatory mechanism during implantation.
Predicting pectin performance strength using near‐infrared spectroscopic data: A comparative evaluation of 1‐D convolutional neural network, partial least squares, and ridge regression modeling
Authors: Einarson Kasper A. , Baum Andreas , Olsen Terkel B. , Larsen Jan , Armagan Ibrahim , Santacoloma Paloma A. , Clemmensen Line K. H. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe compare the application of different modeling strategies in order to predict physical properties of five different industrial pectin formulations based on near‐infrared spectral data. Methods from the chemometric toolbox, such as partial least squares regression (PLS1 and PLS2) and ridge regression, were employed and compared to the performance of a 1‐D convolutional neural network (CNN). The pectin formulations were modeled in two major scenarios, individually using local models, and jointly using global models, which resulted in better prediction performance of the 1‐D CNN.
Heterometallic d8–d10 Coupling of Rh(I) and M(0) (M=Pd, Pt) in a Sandwich Framework of π‐Conjugated Ligands
Authors: Inoue Iori , Yamamoto Koji , Sakaki Shigeyoshi , Murahashi Tetsuro 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA heterometallic M−M′ bond formation is a key to construct atomically precise bimetallic clusters and materials. However, it is sometimes not straightforward to construct a heterometallic M−M′ bond through conventional methods including redox condensation. Here, we found that a sandwich framework of π‐conjugated unsaturated hydrocarbon ligands provides a unique coordination environment that facilitates unusual coupling of d8 RhI and d10 M0 (M=Pd, Pt). The molecular orbital analysis showed that the electron‐accepting ability of the sandwich framework through back‐donation allows the formation of a dσ‐type Rh−Pd bond in a (d–d)18 electron system.
Cu/CuxS‐Embedded N,S‐Doped Porous Carbon Derived in Situ from a MOF Designed for Efficient Catalysis
Authors: Wang Dongsheng , Fan Mingyue , He Tingyu , Zeng Fanming , Hu Xiaoli , Li Chun , Su Zhongmin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe reasonable design of the precursor of a carbon‐based nanocatalyst is an important pathway to improve catalytic performance. In this study, a simple solvothermal method was used to synthesize [Cu(TPT)(2,5‐tdc)] ⋅ 2H2O (Cu‐MOF), which contains N and S atoms, in one step. Further in‐situ carbonization of the Cu‐MOF as the precursor was used to synthesize Cu/CuxS‐embedded N,S‐doped porous carbon (Cu/CuxS/NSC) composites. The catalytic activities of the prepared Cu/CuxS/NSC were investigated through catalytic reduction of 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP) to 4‐aminophenol (4‐AP). The results show that the designed Cu/CuxS/NSC has exceptional catalytic activity and recycling stability, with a reaction rate constant of 0.0256 s−1, and the conversion rate still exceeds 90 % after 15 cycles. Meanwhile, the efficient catalytic reduction of dyes (CR, MO, MB and RhB) confirmed its versatility. Finally, the active sites of the Cu/CuxS/NSC catalysts were analyzed, and a possible multicomponent synergistic catalytic mechanism was proposed.
How Comparable are Microbial Electrochemical Systems around the Globe? An Electrochemical and Microbiological Cross‐Laboratory Study
Authors: Santoro Carlo , Babanova Sofia , Cristiani Pierangela , Artyushkova Kateryna , Atanassov Plamen , Bergel Alain , Bretschger Orianna , Brown Robert K. , Carpenter Kayla , Colombo Alessandra , Cortese Rachel , Erable Benjamin , Harnisch Falk , Kodali Mounika , Phadke Sujal , Riedl Sebastian , Rosa Luis F. M. , Schröder Uwe 
Published: May 2021

AbstractInvited for this month′s cover is the collaborative work among Univ. of Milano‐Bicocca, Ricerca sul Sistema Energetico S.p.A., Univ. degli Studi di Milano, Univ. of California Irvine, Univ. of New Mexico, CNRS Toulouse. Technische Univ. Braunschweig, Aquacycl LLC, J. Craig Venter Institute, Helmholtz‐Centre for Environmental Research. The image shows a sketch of a microbial fuel cell and a target indicating the need of developing common standards for the field of microbial electrochemical technologies. The Full Paper itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.202100294.
The Effects of Gas Saturation of Electrolytes on the Performance and Durability of Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Bläubaum Lars , Röse Philipp , Schmidt Leon , Krewer Ulrike 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTraces of species in batteries are known to impact battery performance. The effects of gas species, although often reported in the electrolyte and evolving during operation, have not been systematically studied to date and are therefore barely understood. This study reveals and compares the effects of different gases on the charge‐discharge characteristics, cycling stability and impedances of lithium‐ion batteries. All investigated gases have been previously reported in lithium‐ion batteries and are thus worth investigating: Ar, CO2, CO, C2H4, C2H2, H2, CH4 and O2. Gas‐electrolyte composition has a significant influence on formation, coulombic and energy efficiencies, C‐rate capability, and aging. Particularly, CO2 and O2 showed a higher C‐rate capability and a decrease in irreversible capacity loss during the first cycle compared to Ar. Similar discharge capacities and aging behaviors are observed for CO, C2H4 and CH4. Acetylene showed a large decrease in performance and cycle stability. Furthermore, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed that the gases mainly contribute to changes in charge transfer processes, whereas the effects on resistance and solid electrolyte interphase performance were minor. Compared to all other gas–electrolyte mixtures, the use of CO2 saturated electrolyte showed a remarkable increase in all performance parameters including lifetime.