bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gewichtsmanagementprogramme für Kinder und Jugendliche während der Covid-19-Pandemie in Deutschland – Was wir daraus lernen können
Authors: Eisenburger Nina , Schmidt Nikola , Ortmann Sarah , Friesen David , Haas Fabiola , Wessely Stefanie , Joisten Christine 
Published: December 2021

ZusammenfassungZiel dieser Studie war es, zu analysieren, ob und wie Anbieter von Adipositaszentren ihre Programme während des ersten Covid-19-Locksdowns umsetzen oder anpassen konnten und wie dies von den teilnehmenden Familien angenommen wurde. Es wurde ein kombinierter quantitativer und qualitativer Ansatz verwendet. Im Mai 2020 füllten vierzehn von 29 Adipositaszentren in Deutschland Online-Fragebögen aus. Fünfundfünfzig teilnehmende Familien beantworteten einen Familien-Fragebogen. Alle Anbieter nahmen während der Pandemie digitale Anpassungen vor, darunter Beratung per Telefon, E-Mail und Videoanrufen. Trotz der Herausforderungen, insbesondere in Bezug auf die praktische Umsetzung, das Fehlen vertrauter Routinen und der Gruppendynamik, berichteten die Anbieter von positiven Ergebnissen im Hinblick auf die interne Organisation, die Teilnehmenden von positiven Aspekten hinsichtlich Erreichbarkeit und individueller Betreuung. Zwanzig Familien (30, 9%) beobachteten Gewichtsveränderungen bei den teilnehmenden Kindern, darunter 10 mit einer Gewichtszunahme (18,2%; M=5,0±4,0 kg).Die digitale Anpassung von Gewichtsmanagementprogrammen infolge der Covid-19-Einschränkungen war umsetzbar und wurde insbesondere durch größere zeitliche Flexibilität und verbesserte Zugänglichkeit im Wesentlichen positiv aufgenommen. Trotzdem nahm das Gewicht der Kinder während des Lockdowns zu. Um die Wirksamkeit von Gewichtsmanagementprogrammen zu maximieren, empfiehlt sich langfristig eine Kombination aus herkömmlichen Strategien und der gezielten Nutzung digitaler Elemente, z. B. bei individuellen Beratungen.
Empfehlungen zur Diabetes-Behandlung mit automatischen Insulin-Dosierungssystemen
Authors: von dem Berge Thekla , Biester Sarah , Biester Torben , Buchmann Anne-Kathrin , Datz Nicolin , Grosser Ute , Kapitzke Kerstin , Klusmeier Britta , Remus Kerstin , Reschke Felix , Tiedemann Inken , Weiskorn Jantje , Würsig Martina , Thomas Andreas , Kordonouri Olga , Danne Thomas 
Published: December 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Prinzip der automatischen Insulindosierung, kurz „AID“ genannt, zeigt in Zulassungsstudien und Real-World-Erfahrungen ausgezeichnete Behandlungsergebnisse. Beim AID wird eine Insulinpumpe mit einem System zur kontinuierlichen Glukosemessung zusammengeschaltet, während ein Rechenprogramm, der sogenannte Algorithmus, die Steuerung der Insulingabe nach Bedarf übernimmt. Idealerweise wäre das System ein geschlossener Kreis, bei dem die Menschen mit Diabetes keine Eingabe mehr machen müssten. Jedoch sind bei den heute verfügbaren Systemen verschiedene Grundeinstellungen und Eingaben erforderlich (insbesondere von Kohlenhydratmengen der Mahlzeiten oder körperlicher Aktivität), die sich von den bisherigen Empfehlungen der sensorunterstützten Pumpentherapie in einzelnen Aspekten unterscheiden. So werden die traditionellen Konzepte von „Basal“ und „Bolus“ mit AID weniger nützlich, da der Algorithmus beide Arten der Insulinabgabe verwendet, um die Glukosewerte dem eingestellten Zielwert zu nähern. Daher sollte bei diesen Systemen statt der Erfassung von „Basal“ und „Bolus“, zwischen einer „nutzerinitiierten“ und einer „automatischen“ Insulindosis unterschieden werden. Gemeinsame Therapieprinzipien der verschiedenen AID-Systeme umfassen die passgenaue Einstellung des Kohlenhydratverhältnisses, die Bedeutung des Timings der vom Anwender initiierten Insulinbolusgaben vor der Mahlzeit, den korrekten Umgang mit einem verzögerten oder versäumten Mahlzeitenbolus, neue Prinzipien im Umgang mit Sport oder Alkoholgenuss sowie den rechtzeitigen Umstieg von AID zu manuellem Modus bei Auftreten erhöhter Ketonwerte. Das Team vom Diabetes-Zentrum AUF DER BULT in Hannover hat aus eigenen Studienerfahrungen und der zugrunde liegenden internationalen Literatur praktische Empfehlungen zur Anwendung und Schulung der gegenwärtig und demnächst in Deutschland kommerziell erhältlichen Systeme zusammengestellt. Für den Erfolg der AID-Behandlung scheint das richtige Erwartungsmanagement sowohl beim Behandlungsteam und als auch beim Anwender von großer Bedeutung zu sein.
TCQA, A Natural Caffeoylquinic Acid Derivative Attenuates H2O2-Induced Neuronal Apoptosis by Suppressing Phosphorylation of MAPKs Signaling Pathway
Authors: Yang Yue , Ding Yufang , Gao Huan , Jiang Xiaowen , Zhao Qingchun 
Published: December 2021

Abstract1,3,5-Tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid is a caffeoylquinic acid derivative isolated from the roots of Arctium lappa L. Our previous studies have revealed that the ethyl acetate extract of the roots of A. lappa L. and the caffeoylquinic acids contained in it possess antioxidant properties, especially 1,3,5-tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of 1,3,5-tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress and explore the underlying mechanism. We found that 1,3,5-tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid prevented the decline of cell viability and excessive release of lactate dehydrogenase induced by hydrogen peroxide. In addition, Hoechst 33 342 staining and Annexin V-PI double staining showed that 1,3,5-tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid inhibited hydrogen peroxide-induced neuronal cell apoptosis. 1,3,5-Tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid reduced the excessive production of intracellular reactive oxygen species, decreased the malondialdehyde content, and improved the activity of superoxide dismutase. Furthermore, 1,3,5-tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid restored the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in SH-SY5Y cells induced by hydrogen peroxide. 1,3,5-Tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid downregulated the overexpression of proapoptotic proteins, including Bax, cytochrome c, cleaved caspase-9, and cleaved caspase-3 as well as promoted the expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. Moreover, the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases induced by hydrogen peroxide was inhibited by 1,3,5-tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid. Pretreatment with 1,3,5-tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid also promoted the activation of phosphorylated Akt. Taken together, these findings suggest that 1,3,5-tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid exerts protective effects against hydrogen peroxide-induced neuronal apoptosis. In addition, inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway and the activation of Akt are implicated in the antioxidant activity of 1,3,5-tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid, giving new insight in searching for a compound with antioxidant activity for the treatment of oxidative stress-associated neurological diseases.
Trends in length of stay for Neonatal Intensive Care Unit patients who die before hospital discharge
Authors: Guttmann Katherine F. , Puoplo Nicholas , Richter Felix , Weintraub Andrea S. 
Published: December 2021

Objective The objectives of this study were to establish days between birth and death for neonates over a 14-year period, determine if days between birth and death have changed over time across gestational age cohorts, and identify diagnoses which may put infants at high risk of prolonged hospitalization leading to death.
Study Design This was a single-site, retrospective chart review of inborn infants who died prior to hospital discharge.
Results Two hundred and thirty-nine patients born between 1/1/2006 and 12/31/2020 met inclusion criteria. Days until death ranged from 0 to 300 with a median of 6 days (interquartile range = 23). Median days until death increased over time, with a statistically significant increase between epoch 1 and epoch 2 (p = 0.016) but not between epoch 2 and epoch 3 (p = 0.618). Extremely premature infants died earlier than more mature infants (p < 0.001). In addition, infants with complex congenital heart disease or a gastrointestinal (GI) catastrophe died later (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively) than newborns without cardiac or GI issues.
Conclusion Our findings demonstrate an increase in time to death for newborns who did not survive to hospital discharge over a 14-year period. This trend suggests that the dynamics informing Meadows' assertion that “doomed infants die early” may be shifting, with some seriously ill infants who die before hospital discharge surviving longer than previously described. More research is needed to understand how best to care for babies who will not survive to discharge and to explore when supports such as palliative care consultation may be beneficial.
Key Points
As per W. Meadow, “Doomed infants die early”
Long-term Follow-Up Results of Dynamic Cervical Implant in Patients with Cervical Disk Diseases: Compared with Arthroplasty
Authors: Zou Li , Liu Hao , Rong Xin , Liu Xijiao , Ding Chen , Song Yueming 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background Arthroplasty has been proven to be a safe and effective treatment for patients with cervical degenerative disk disease (DDD). Dynamic Cervical Implant (DCI) has emerged as a novel implantation device for cervical DDD. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of these procedures after 5 years of follow-up in the DCI and arthroplasty groups.
Methods This study retrospectively enrolled 79 consecutive cervical DDD patients with 41 DCI and 47 prostheses implanted. Radiographs were analyzed for intervertebral height and range of motion (ROM). Neural function of the patients was assessed using the Neck Disability Index score, visual analog scale, Japanese Orthopaedic Association score and 36-Item Short Form Survey.
Results The DCI group had statistically lesser flexion/extension and bilateral bending ROM than the arthroplasty group at the operated level(s) (p < 0.05). The DCI group but not the orthoplast group showed improved lordotic alignment of C2–C7 and operated functional spinal unit (p < 0.05). No statistical difference was observed in the neural function of the two groups. Heterotopic ossification was found in 7 and 14 patients in the DCI and arthroplasty groups, respectively.
Conclusion The 5-year follow-up results were comparable between the two groups. We believe that DCI implantation is a safe and effective procedure and could possibly become an alternative treatment for cervical DDD.
Short-Term Evaluation of Prosthetic Rehabilitation of Thin Wiry Ridge by Ridge Splitting and Simultaneous Implants Placement: Non-randomized Control Trial
Authors: Sharaf Mohamed Y. , Eskander Asharf Email , Elbakery Ahmed Ibrahim 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective This article evaluates the success of prosthetic rehabilitation of thin wiry ridge and implants placed simultaneously in splitted ridge both clinically and radiographically.
Materials and Methods Twenty-one participants were enrolled of which 13 patients (8 females and 5 males) were suffering from maxillary ridge atrophy and 8 patients (5 females and 3 males) had mandibular ridge atrophy; a total of 42 implants were performed using the ridge expansion technique. The expansion was performed using the conventional disk technique, piezoelectric corticotomy, and self-threading expanders. Implants were placed and loaded with fixed partial denture after 4 months for the mandible and 6 months for the maxilla. Implant stability quotient (ISQ) was measured at T0 (implant placement) and TL (loading). Crestal bone levels were measured at different times: T0, TL, and T12 (12 months). Evaluation of prosthetic and surgical complications was carried out. Data were analyzed and compared using analysis of variance and paired t-tests at a significance level of 5%.
Results All implants met the criteria for success. All implants showed a higher mean bone loss from T0 to TL (1.259 ± 0.3020) than from TL to T12 (0.505 ± 0.163) with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.0001). ISQ values sharply increased at the time of loading (72.52 ± 2.734) than at implant insertion (44.5 ± 4.062) with a significant difference (p < 0.0001). Minor prosthetic and surgical complications were reported.
Conclusion The results from this study support the efficacy of prosthetic rehabilitation of thin wiry ridge using split ridge technique and the success of implants placed simultaneously in splitted ridge.
Intracaval Leiomyoma with Intracardiac Extension
Authors: Iacona Gabriele M. , Harb Serge , Krishnamurthi Venkatesh , Yun James J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe objective of this study was to explain step by step how to achieve a complete resection of an intravascular leiomyoma. A 48-year-old woman was referred to our institution with progressive dyspnea on exertion, lightheadedness, and previous history of total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for a uterine leiomyoma echocardiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging of the heart and abdomen/pelvis were performed and an intracaval mass with extension into the right heart and pulmonary artery was identified. After multidisciplinary review, a single-stage sternotomy–laparotomy procedure on cardiopulmonary bypass (with beating heart, mild hypothermia, and no deep hypothermic circulatory arrest) ensured complete resection of a giant intravenous leiomyoma (IVL). Multidisciplinary approach, multimodality imaging, and single-stage sternotomy–laparotomy procedure on cardiopulmonary bypass (with heart beating and mild hypothermia) ensure complete resection of IVL.
A Comparative Study between Analgesic Efficacy of Intrathecal Buprenorphine and USG-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Patients Undergoing Cesarean Section under Spinal Anesthesia
Authors: Godbole Rajashree Deelip , Bandari Abhilash , Gill Jasmeet , Tolambia Shruti , Hake Yuvraj , Nagare Pratima 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjective The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the postoperative analgesic efficacy of intrathecal buprenorphine with ultrasonography (USG)-guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block in patients of cesarean section.Materials and Methods: Sixty American Society of Anesthesiologists grade I and II pregnant women aged between 20 and 40 years requiring lower segment cesarean section were included in this study.Study Design A prospective randomized comparative study.Study Groups Group A received intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% 1.8 mL with 60 µg buprenorphine. Group B received intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% 1.8 mL with 0.2 mL sterile normal saline and at the end of surgery USG-guided bilateral TAP block was given with 20 mL 0.25% bupivacaine on each side of abdomen.Results The mean ± standard deviation of time to first rescue analgesia in Group A and group B was 9.17 ± 0.64 hours and 5.59 ± 0.50 hours, respectively. Distribution of mean time to first rescue analgesia among the cases studied is significantly higher in group A compared with group B. The distribution of paracetamol and tramadol requirement in first 24 hours among the cases studied was significantly higher in group B compared with group A.Conclusion The addition of buprenorphine to intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine has advantages over USG-guided TAP block for postoperative analgesia after cesarean section—longer duration of postoperative analgesia, lower analgesic requirements over first 24 hours, and cost–effectiveness.
Validation of hand-held refractometers for assessing Merino ewe colostrum and neonatal lamb serum
Authors: Swinbourne Alyce M. , Blagojevic Nada , Murdock Nicholas J. , Mills Holly B. , Flinn Tom , McCarthy Niki L. , Kelly Jennifer M. , Kleemann David O. , van Wettere William H. E. J. 
Published: December 2021

Context The high incidence of lamb mortality in Merino sheep is a persistent issue for the industry. Poor-quality colostrum or inadequate colostrum consumption increases the risk of low energy intake and failed passive immunity transfer, resulting in lamb mortality. The rapid assessment of colostrum quality and intake would be a valuable tool for producers which house ewes for lambing. Aims This experiment determined the relationship and accuracy of analysis techniques to measure immunoglobulin G (IgG) and total protein (TP) concentrations within ewe colostrum and lamb serum and compared those results against digital hand-held refractometers. Methods Merino ewe colostrum and lamb blood were sampled at 4 and 24 h post-partum during autumn (n = 93 ewes) and spring (n = 79 ewes) in 2018. Colostrum was analysed for total milk solids (%) and lamb serum was analysed for total blood serum protein (%), and both colostrum and lamb serum were analysed for IgG and TP using in-house laboratory analysis techniques. Correlation coefficients were performed to identify the relationship between the different assessment methods. Key results There was a significant Pearson’s correlation (P < 0.05) between 4 h total milk solids and TP (R = 0.19), between total milk solids and IgG (R = 0.19), and TP and IgG (R = 0.38). For 24 h colostrum samples, the significant correlations (P < 0.001) between TP and IgG (R = 0.54) and total milk solids and IgG (R = 0.56) were higher than the correlation between total milk solids and TP (R = 0.24; P = 0.006). Further, 4 h serum IgG (R = –0.14; P = 0.026) and 24 h total blood serum protein (R = 0.21; P = 0.009) were correlated with lamb survival to 72 h. Conclusions While the refractometer provided a crude measure of colostrum IgG and TP and was valuable in identifying lambs with low IgG transfer at 24 h, further research is required regarding analysis techniques to allow for reliable measures need to be refined. Implications The use of refractometers to assess colostrum quality and intake could benefit researchers or producers who practice indoor lambing.
Vaccination Against COVID-19: A Longitudinal Trans-Theoretical Study to Determine Factors that Predict Intentions and Behavior
Authors: Shiloh Shoshana , Peleg Shira , Nudelman Gabriel 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Despite the clear benefits of vaccination, their uptake against common infectious diseases is suboptimal. In December 2020, vaccines against COVID-19 became available.

Purpose
To determine factors that predict who will take the COVID-19 vaccine based on a conceptual model.

Methods
An online survey was administered twice: prior to public vaccination, and after vaccinations were available. Participants were 309 Israelis with initial data and 240 at follow-up. Baseline questionnaires measured intentions to be vaccinated and hypothesized predictors clustered in four categories: background, COVID-19, vaccination, and social factors. Self-reported vaccination uptake was measured at follow-up.

Results
Sixty-two percent of the sample reported having been vaccinated. Intentions were strongly associated with vaccination uptake and mediated the effects of other predictors on behavior. Eighty-six percent of the variance in vaccination intentions was explained by attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination, regret for having declined vaccination, trust in vaccination, vaccination barriers, past flu vaccination, perceived social norms, and COVID-19 representations.

Conclusions
Beliefs related directly to the COVID-19 vaccine explained most of the variance in intentions to vaccinate, which in turn predicted vaccination uptake.
Directed Sequencing of Plant Specific DNA Identifies the Dietary History of Four Species of Auchenorrhyncha (Hemiptera)
Authors: Cooper W Rodney , Marshall Adrian T , Foutz Jillian , Wildung Mark R , Northfield Tobin D , Crowder David W , Leach Heather , Leskey Tracy C , Halbert Susan E , Snyder James B 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Auchenorrhyncha (Hemiptera) includes several families of sap-feeding insects that tend to feed on a wide-range of host plants. Some species within Auchenorrhyncha are major agricultural pests that transmit plant pathogens or cause direct feeding damage. Nearly all pest Auchenorrhyncha are highly polyphagous, have mobile nymphs, and colonize crops from noncrop habitats. We examined whether methods for gut content analysis developed for more specialized Hemiptera identify dietary history of polyphagous Auchenorrhyncha. We used high-throughput sequencing of the plant genes trnF and ITS to examine the dietary history of Circulifer tenellus (Baker) (Cicadellidae), Colladonus geminatus (Van Duzee) (Cicadellidae), Colladonus montanus reductus (Van Duzee) (Cicadellidae), and Lycorma delicatula (White) (Fulgoridae). C. tenellus is a vector of the vegetable pathogens Candidatus Phytoplasma trifolii and beat curly top virus. Both Colladonus species are vectors of Ca. Phytoplasma pruni, the pathogen associated with X-disease of stone fruits. Lycorma delicatula is an invasive pest of grape and ornamentals in the eastern United States. Results showed spring hosts for C. tenellus included Brassicaceae, especially Sisymbrium sp. (tumble mustard), and spring hosts for both Colladonus species included Taraxacum sp. (dandelion). Gut content analysis also detected a decrease in host-breadth by L. delicatula from early to late instars. Results demonstrate that directed sequencing of plant DNA identified the dietary history of leafhopper and planthopper pests. Expanded use of gut content analysis will help identify the noncrop sources of phytoplasma-infected C. tenellus and Colladonus, and to examine seasonal changes in host shifts by L. delicatula.
Prenatal Chronic Hypoxia in Rats Leads to Insulin Resistance and Hypertension in Adult Offspring
Authors: Ying Hong-an , Huang Zi-yang , Wang Zhen-hua , Cheng En-hua , Xu Hai-ying , Hong Wei-wen , Liang Xiao-zhen 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
To investigate the effects of chronic intrauterine hypoxia on insulin resistance, hypertension, and the correlation between them in adult offspring rats.

Methods
A total of 25 pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned into 4 prenatal chronic hypoxia (H) groups (10% ± 1% oxygen) and a control group (21% oxygen). The H groups were divided into whole (1–21 day), early (1–7 day), mid (8–14 day), and late (15–21 day) gestational hypoxia groups (H1, H2, H3, and H4, respectively) with pregnant rats being housed in a hypoxia box for 3 hours per day. Five male and 5 female offspring in each group were studied at 1 day, 3 months, and 6 months old. Blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, fasting serum insulin, and insulin resistance index were determined.

Results
The mean blood pressure of offspring rats in H groups was higher at 3 months, and further increased at 6 months old compared to the control group (P &lt; 0.05). The fasting blood glucose and homeostasis model insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) of male and female offspring in the whole pregnancy (H1) and early pregnancy (H2) hypoxia groups were significantly higher than those in the control group at 6 months (P &lt; 0.05). Fasting blood glucose and HOMA-IR were positively correlated with mean blood pressure (P &lt; 0.05). The renal mass index in H2 group was lower at 3 months, and further decreased at 6 months compared to controls (P &lt; 0.05). The mRNA and protein levels of insulin receptor, insulin receptor substrate (IRS-1 and IRS-2) in the kidneys in hypoxia groups were significantly decreased at 6 months in H1 and H2 hypoxia groups when compared with controls (P &lt; 0.05).

Conclusions
Chronic intrauterine hypoxia causes insulin resistance and hypertension in adult offspring rats through poor intrauterine growth environment, and insulin resistance is positively associated with hypertension.