bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation and initial evaluation of falls risk reduction resources in a rural Native American Community
Authors: Knight Kyle M. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Although falls are common and can cause serious injury to older adults, many health care facilities do not have falls prevention resources available. Falls prevention resources can reduce injury and mortality rates. Using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths & Injuries (STEADI) model, a falls risk clinic was implemented in a rural Indian Health Service (IHS) facility.

Methods
A Fall Risk Questionnaire was created and implemented into the Provider’s Electronic Health Records system interface to streamline provider screening and referral of patients who may be at risk for falls to a group falls risk reduction class.

Results
Participants exhibited average improvements in the Timed Up and Go (6.8 s) (P = 0.0001), Five-Time Sit-to-Stand (5.1 s) (P = 0.0002), and Functional Reach (3.6 inches) (P = 1.0) tests as compared to their own baseline. Results were analyzed via paired t test. 71% of participants advanced out of an “increased risk for falls” category in at least one outcome measure. Of the participants to complete the clinic, all were successfully contacted and three (18%) reported one or more falls at the 90-day mark, of which one (6%) required a visit to the Emergency Department but did not require hospital admission.

Conclusions
In regards to reducing falls in the community, per the CDC STEADI model, an integrated approach is best. All clinicians can play a part in reducing elder falls.
Influence of internal production conditions on the efficiency and competitiveness of enterprises
Authors: Ismayilov Vilayat I. , Almasov Nahid N. , Musayev Nijat S. , Samedova Aygun Q. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn the practice of enterprises, there is no clear boundary between the establishment and development of economic and management tools. The purpose of the article is to study the influence of internal production conditions on the efficiency of enterprises. The novelty of the study concerns the development of tools required when new systems for managing business processes are built. The conducted studies of the theoretical and methodological foundations of business process management demonstrated that the economic and managerial tools for ensuring business processes in the enterprise management system constitute a necessary arsenal of management methods. This set of methods primarily includes methods of maintaining the flexibility and adaptability of management systems to ensure the quality of business processes. During the study, it was identified that most often, the expected parameters of development and performance are established for business processes in the management of enterprises. The practical significance of the study is conditioned by the fact that systems for managing business processes and ensuring their quality exist at the studied enterprises in various forms, their functions refer to different departments and sometimes to different levels of management.
Gender-specific psychological and social impact of COVID-19 in Pakistan
Authors: Rabbani Fauziah , Khan Hyder Ali , Piryani Suneel , Khan Areeba Raza , Abid Fahad 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundCOVID-19 has rapidly spread across the world. Women may be especially vulnerable to depression and anxiety as a result of the pandemic.AimsThis study attempted to assess how gender affects risk perceptions, anxiety levels and behavioural responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan, to recommend gender-responsive health policies.MethodsA cross-sectional online survey was conducted. Participants were asked to complete a sociodemographic data form, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and questions on their risk perceptions, preventive behaviour and information exposure. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to assess the effects of factors such as age, gender and household income on anxiety levels.ResultsOf the 1391 respondents, 478 were women and 913 were men. Women considered their chances of survival to be relatively lower than men (59% v. 73%). They were also more anxious (62% v. 50%) and more likely to adopt precautionary behaviour, such as avoiding going to the hospital (78% v. 71%), not going to work (72% v. 57%) and using disinfectants (93% v. 86%). Men were more likely to trust friends, family and social media as reliable sources of COVID-19 information, whereas women were more likely to trust doctors.ConclusionsWomen experience a disproportionate burden of the psychological and social impact of the pandemic compared with men. Involving doctors in healthcare communication targeting women might prove effective. Social media and radio programmes may be effective in disseminating COVID-19-related information to men.
State of the Art of Patient-reported Outcomes in Acromegaly or GH Deficiency: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: van der Meulen Merel , Zamanipoor Najafabadi Amir H , Broersen Leonie H A , Schoones Jan W , Pereira Alberto M , van Furth Wouter R , Claessen Kim M J A , Biermasz Nienke R 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Context
Insight into the current landscape of patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures (PROM) and differences between PROs and conventional biochemical outcomes is pivotal for future implementation of PROs in research and clinical practice. Therefore, in studies among patients with acromegaly and growth hormone deficiency (GHD), we evaluated (1) used PROMs, (2) their validity, (3) quality of PRO reporting, (4) agreement between PROs and biochemical outcomes, and (5) determinants of discrepancies.

Evidence Acquisition
We searched 8 electronic databases for prospective studies describing both PROs and biochemical outcomes in acromegaly and GHD patients. Quality of PRO reporting was assessed using the International Society for Quality of Life Research (ISOQOL) criteria. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate determinants.

Evidence Synthesis
Ninety studies were included (acromegaly: n = 53; GHD: n = 37). Besides nonvalidated symptom lists (used in 37% of studies), 36 formal PROMs were used [predominantly Acromegaly Quality of Life Questionnaire in acromegaly (43%) and Quality of Life-Assessment of Growth Hormone Deficiency in Adults in GHD (43%)]. Reporting of PROs was poor, with a median of 37% to 47% of ISOQOL items being reported per study. Eighteen (34%) acromegaly studies and 12 (32%) GHD studies reported discrepancies between PROs and biochemical outcomes, most often improvement in biochemical outcomes without change in PROs.

Conclusions
Prospective studies among patients with acromegaly and GHD use a multitude of PROMs, often poorly reported. Since a substantial proportion of studies report discrepancies between PROs and biochemical outcomes, PROMs are pivotal in the evaluation of disease activity. Therefore, harmonization of PROs in clinical practice and research by development of core outcome sets is an important unmet need.
Mediations of Security, Race, and Violence in the Pulse Nightclub Shooting
Authors: Randell-Moon Holly 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis article examines news and political mediations of security, race, and violence in the 2016 Pulse Nightclub shooting in an attempt to isolate how dominant institutions reaffirm and preserve the North American state's monopoly on violence and cultural preservation through the calculated balance of security in relation to tolerance of diversity. The event was predominantly mediated through security discourses of the “war on terror,” and this martial framing enabled the production of homonationalist rhetoric (drawing on Jasbir Puar's Terrorist Assemblages) that aimed to include previously excluded queer Latino/a populations within the American body politic. Focusing on news media reporting and political as well as activist responses to the shooting during the months of June–August 2016, the article shows how this process of homonationalist inclusion was not smooth. Memorialization and advocacy for the Pulse victims by dominant institutions is striated by colliding phobias (Islamo-, xeno-, and homo-) that interrupt a clear mode of nationalist address or point of identification in mediations of the shooting. Drawing on a knowledge base attentive to queer-of-color and Indigenous concerns, the article demonstrates how biopolitical and necropolitical value is extracted from communities exposed to intersecting violences with differential dividends distributed to queer Latino/a and Afro-Latino/a communities.
MITOL-mediated DRP1 ubiquitylation and degradation promotes mitochondrial hyperfusion in a CMT2A-linked MFN2 mutant
Authors: Das Rajdeep , Kamal Izaz Monir , Das Subhrangshu , Chakrabarti Saikat , Chakrabarti Oishee 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
Mutations in mitofusin 2 (MFN2) that are associated with the pathology of the debilitating neuropathy Charcot–Marie–Tooth type 2A (CMT2A) are known to alter mitochondrial morphology. One such abundant MFN2 mutation, R364W, results in the generation of elongated, interconnected mitochondria. However, the mechanism leading to this mitochondrial aberration remains poorly understood. Here, we show that mitochondrial hyperfusion in the presence of R364W-MFN2 is due to increased degradation of DRP1 (also known as DNM1L). The E3 ubiquitin ligase MITOL (also known as MARCHF5) is known to ubiquitylate both MFN2 and DRP1. Interaction with and subsequent ubiquitylation by MITOL is stronger in the presence of wild-type MFN2 than with R364W-MFN2. This differential interaction of MITOL with MFN2 in the presence of R364W-MFN2 renders the ligase more available for DRP1 ubiquitylation. Multi-monoubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation of DRP1 in R364W-MFN2 cells in the presence of MITOL eventually leads to mitochondrial hyperfusion. Here, we provide a mechanistic insight into mitochondrial hyperfusion, while also reporting that MFN2 can indirectly modulate DRP1 – an effect not shown previously.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Plantar flexor muscles of kangaroo rats (Dipodomys deserti) shorten at a velocity to produce optimal power during jumping
Authors: Schwaner M. Janneke , Lin David C. , McGowan Craig P. 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
The musculotendon work contributions across all joints during jumping by kangaroo rats are not well understood. Namely, measures of external joint work do not provide information on the contributions from individual muscles or in-series elastic structures. In this study, we examined the functional roles of a major ankle extensor muscle, the lateral gastrocnemius (LG), and a major knee extensor muscle, the vastus lateralis (VL), through in vivo sonomicrometry and electromyography techniques, during vertical jumping by kangaroo rats. Our data showed that both muscles increased shortening and activity with higher jumps. We found that knee angular velocity and VL muscle shortening velocity were coupled in time. In contrast, the ankle angular velocity and LG muscle shortening velocity were decoupled, and rapid joint extension near the end of the jump produced high power outputs at the ankle joint. Further, the decoupling of muscle and joint kinematics allowed the LG muscle to prolong the period of shortening velocity near optimal velocity, which likely enabled the muscle to sustain maximal power generation. These observations were consistent with an LG tendon that is much more compliant than that of the VL.
The impulse response of optic flow-sensitive descending neurons to roll m-sequences
Authors: Leibbrandt Richard , Nicholas Sarah , Nordström Karin 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
When animals move through the world, their own movements generate widefield optic flow across their eyes. In insects, such widefield motion is encoded by optic lobe neurons. These lobula plate tangential cells (LPTCs) synapse with optic flow-sensitive descending neurons, which in turn project to areas that control neck, wing and leg movements. As the descending neurons play a role in sensorimotor transformation, it is important to understand their spatio-temporal response properties. Recent work shows that a relatively fast and efficient way to quantify such response properties is to use m-sequences or other white noise techniques. Therefore, here we used m-sequences to quantify the impulse responses of optic flow-sensitive descending neurons in male Eristalis tenax hoverflies. We focused on roll impulse responses as hoverflies perform exquisite head roll stabilizing reflexes, and the descending neurons respond particularly well to roll. We found that the roll impulse responses were fast, peaking after 16.5–18.0 ms. This is similar to the impulse response time to peak (18.3 ms) to widefield horizontal motion recorded in hoverfly LPTCs. We found that the roll impulse response amplitude scaled with the size of the stimulus impulse, and that its shape could be affected by the addition of constant velocity roll or lift. For example, the roll impulse response became faster and stronger with the addition of excitatory stimuli, and vice versa. We also found that the roll impulse response had a long return to baseline, which was significantly and substantially reduced by the addition of either roll or lift.
Thermoresponsive Hydrogels Reinforced with Supramolecular Cellulose Filler
Authors: Sugawara Akihide , Asoh Taka-Aki , Takashima Yoshinori , Harada Akira , Uyama Hiroshi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogels reinforced with supramolecular cellulose fibers were fabricated. Adamantane was immobilized on the surface of the cellulose fibers, and β-cyclodextrin was introduced into the hydrogel matrix. The interfacial host–guest interaction between the filler and the matrix effectively enhanced the mechanical strength of the hydrogels both in the swelling and deswelling states.
Imaging and pathologic features of non-calcified ductal carcinoma in situ: can sonography predict upgrade?
Authors: Komarla Rohini , Gilliland Lawrence , Piraner Maria , Seidel Rebecca , Clifford Kelly , Kunjummen Jean 
Published: December 2021

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the imaging and pathologic features and upgrade rate of non-calcified ductal carcinoma in situ (NCDCIS). The study tested the hypothesis that lesions with sonographic findings have higher upgrade rate compared to lesions seen on mammography or MRI only.

Methods:
This retrospective study included patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) diagnosed by image-guided core breast biopsy from December 2009 to April 2018. Patients with microcalcifications on mammography or concurrent ipsilateral cancer on core biopsy were excluded. An upgrade was defined as surgical pathology showing microinvasive or invasive cancer.

Results:
A total of 71 lesions constituted the study cohort. 62% of cases (44/71) had a mammographic finding, and 38% (27/71) of mammographically occult lesions had findings on either ultrasound, MRI, or both. Of the 67 cases that underwent sonography, a mass was noted in 56/67 (83.6%) cases and no sonographic correlate was identified in 11/67 (16.4%) cases. 21% (15/71) of lesions were upgraded on final surgical pathology. The upgrade rate of patients with sonographic correlate was 27% (15/56) vs with mammographic findings only was 0% (0/11).

Conclusion:
DCIS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of architectural distortion, asymmetries, focal asymmetries, and masses, even in the absence of microcalcifications. NCDCIS diagnosed by ultrasound may be an independent risk factor for upgrade.

Advances in knowledge:
Radiologists must be aware of imaging features of DCIS and consider increased upgrade rate when NCDCIS is diagnosed by ultrasound.
Left ventricular systolic dysfunction predicted by artificial intelligence using the electrocardiogram in Chagas disease patients–The SaMi-Trop cohort
Authors: Brito Bruno Oliveira de Figueiredo , Attia Zachi I. , Martins Larissa Natany A. , Perel Pablo , Nunes Maria Carmo P. , Sabino Ester Cerdeira , Cardoso Clareci Silva , Ferreira Ariela Mota , Gomes Paulo R. , Luiz Pinho Ribeiro Antonio , Lopez-Jimenez Francisco 
Published: December 2021

Background
Left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) in Chagas disease (ChD) is relatively common and its treatment using low-cost drugs can improve symptoms and reduce mortality. Recently, an artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled ECG algorithm showed excellent accuracy to detect LVSD in a general population, but its accuracy in ChD has not been tested.

Objective
To analyze the ability of AI to recognize LVSD in patients with ChD, defined as a left ventricular ejection fraction determined by the Echocardiogram ≤ 40%.

Methodology/principal findings
This is a cross-sectional study of ECG obtained from a large cohort of patients with ChD named São Paulo-Minas Gerais Tropical Medicine Research Center (SaMi-Trop) Study. The digital ECGs of the participants were submitted to the analysis of the trained machine to detect LVSD. The diagnostic performance of the AI-enabled ECG to detect LVSD was tested using an echocardiogram as the gold standard to detect LVSD, defined as an ejection fraction <40%. The model was enriched with NT-proBNP plasma levels, male sex, and QRS ≥ 120ms.
Among the 1,304 participants of this study, 67% were women, median age of 60; there were 93 (7.1%) individuals with LVSD. Most patients had major ECG abnormalities (59.5%). The AI algorithm identified LVSD among ChD patients with an odds ratio of 63.3 (95% CI 32.3–128.9), a sensitivity of 73%, a specificity of 83%, an overall accuracy of 83%, and a negative predictive value of 97%; the AUC was 0.839. The model adjusted for the male sex and QRS ≥ 120ms improved the AUC to 0.859. The model adjusted for the male sex and elevated NT-proBNP had a higher accuracy of 0.89 and an AUC of 0.874.

Conclusion
The AI analysis of the ECG of Chagas disease patients can be transformed into a powerful tool for the recognition of LVSD.
Serum and urinary biomarkers for early detection of acute kidney injury following Hypnale spp. envenoming
Authors: Wijewickrama Eranga Sanjeewa , Mohamed Fahim , Gawarammana Indika B. , Endre Zoltan H. , Buckley Nicholas A. , Isbister Geoffrey K. 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundHump-nosed pit viper (HNV;Hypnalespp.) bites account for most venomous snakebites in Sri Lanka. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the most serious systemic manifestation (1–10%) following HNV envenoming. We aimed to identify the value of functional and injury biomarkers in predicting the development of AKI early following HNV bites.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study of patients with confirmed HNV envenoming presenting to two large tertiary care hospitals in Sri Lanka. Demographics, bite details, clinical effects, complications and treatment data were collected prospectively. Blood and urine samples were collected from patients for coagulation and renal biomarker assays on admission, at 0-4h, 4-8h, 8-16h and 16-24h post-bite and daily until discharge. Follow-up samples were obtained 1 and 3 months post-discharge. Creatinine (sCr) and Cystatin C (sCysC) were measured in serum and kidney injury molecule-1 (uKIM-1), clusterin (uClu), albumin (uAlb), β2-microglobulin (uβ2M), cystatin C (uCysC), neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (uNGAL), osteopontin (uOPN) and trefoil factor-3 (uTFF-3) were measured in urine. Definite HNV bites were based on serum venom specific enzyme immunoassay. Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria were used to stage AKI. Two patients had chronic kidney disease at 3 month follow-up, both with pre-existing abnormal sCr, and one developed AKI following HNV envenoming.ResultsThere were 52 patients with confirmed HNV envenoming; median age 48y (Interquartile range [IQR]:40-59y) and 29 (56%) were male. Median time to admission was 1.87h (IQR:1–2.75h). Twelve patients (23%) developed AKI (AKI stage 1 = 7, AKI stage 2 = 1, AKI stage 3 = 4). Levels of five novel biomarkers, the functional marker serum Cystatin C and the damage markers urinary NGAL, cystatin C, β2-microglobulin and clusterin, were elevated in patients who developed moderate/severe acute kidney injury. sCysC performed the best at 0–4 h post-bite in predicting moderate to severe AKI (AUC-ROC 0.95;95%CI:0.85–1.0) and no biomarker performed better than sCr at later time points.ConclusionssCysC appears to be a better marker than sCr for early prediction of moderate to severe AKI following HNV envenoming.
Woman authorship in pre-print versus peer-reviewed oral health-related publications: A two-year observational study
Authors: Rajendran Lavanya , Khandelwal Namita , Feine Jocelyne , Ioannidou Effie 
Published: December 2021

ObjectivesWomen in oral health science face similar societal issues and challenges as those in other STEMM careers, and gender disparities continue to exist as evidenced by fewer women represented as first and last authors in scientific publications. Pre-prints may serve as a conduit to immediately disseminating one’s work, bypassing the arduous peer review process and its associated inherent biases. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to 1] compare the gender of first and last authors in pre-print versus peer reviewed publications, 2] examine the composition of first and last author pairs as stratified by publication type, and 3] examine the correlation between woman authorship and institutional geographic location and publication metrics stratified by publication type.MethodsThe keyword “oral health” was used to search for publications in BioRxiv and Pubmed in the years 2018 and 2019. Gender of first and last authors were determined, and its frequency was considered as the primary outcome. Additionally, the geographic location of the author’s associated institution and publication metrics measured by Altmetrics score were extracted. Data was descriptively summarized by frequencies and percentages. Chi-square analysis was conducted for categorical variables which included the relationship between gender and publication type as well as gender and region of author’s associated institution. Binomial regression analysis was conducted to analyze the relationship between gender and Altmetrics.ResultsWoman first authors comprised 40.3% of pre-prints and 64.5% of peer reviewed publications [p<0.05]. Woman last authors comprised 31.3% of pre-prints and 61.5% of peer reviewed publications [p<0.05]. When analyzing the relationships between first and last author, the Man-Man pairing represented 47.7% of the pre-print publications and the Woman-Woman pairing comprised a majority of the of the peer review publications at 47.5%. All results were statistically significant with a p-value <0.05. No significant correlation was found between region of institution or Altmetrics and gender of first or last authors [p>0.05].ConclusionFor the first time in oral health science, it was found that women show higher representation as first and last author positions in peer reviewed publications versus pre-prints.
A szülők kultúraátadó szerepének változásai, és azok hatásai napjainkban
Authors: Tőke Anita 
Published: December 2021

A legrégibb és legmeghatározóbb nevelési tényező a család, amelyben a tagok teljes személyiségükkel vesznek részt, biztosítva a gyermekeknek az éréshez és fejlődéshez szükséges feltételeket. Mindeközben magatartási és szerepmintákat, családi és társadalmi értékrendszert közvetít, felkészítve az egyént a társadalmi szerepvállalásra.
A XX század utolsó évtizedétől napjainkig rendszerváltás, a globalizáció és az információs társadalom kialakulásának hatására. nagyon megváltozott a gyermekek társadalmi, gazdasági és kulturális helyzete (uniformizáció, új kulturális profilok stb.). Ezekkel a dinamikusan változó a kihívásokkal kell megbirkózniuk a szülőknek, miközben az ő életükön, és gondolkodásukon is folyamatosan nyomot hagy a digitális világ