bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
METHODOLOGY OF TERRITORIAL AND STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL INVESTMENTS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN)
Authors: Сафиуллин М.Р. 
Published: May 2021

Территориально-структурные проблемы эффективности использования природоохранных инвестиций в регионах страны недостаточно исследованы с научно-практической стороны. Об этом свидетельствуют экологические последствия и размеры экологического ущерба в результате аварий в 2020 году на Норильской ТЭЦ, химических предприятиях «Усольехимпром» (Иркутская область), «Башкирский содовый комбинат» (Республика Башкортостан). В статье предлагается методика территориально-структурного анализа природоохранных инвестиций и затрат региональных разноуровневых систем (городские агломерации, города, территориальные промышленные системы, муниципальные образования и др.). Предлагается типологизация региональных разноуровневых систем по совокупности экологических признаков. Предложены экономико-географические показатели эффективности природоохранных мер и затрат региональных разноуровневых систем. В качестве примера дан территориально-структурный анализа природоохранных инвестиций и затрат городских агломераций Башкирии и территориальных промышленных систем Башкирского Зауралья.
The territorial and structural problems of the effectiveness of the use of environmental investments in the regions of the country are not sufficiently studied from the scientific and practical side. This is evidenced by the environmental consequences and the extent of environmental damage as a result of accidents in 2020 at the Norilsk Thermal Power Plant, chemical enterprises Usolekhimprom (Irkutsk region), Bashkir Soda Plant (Republic of Bashkortostan). The article proposes a methodology for territorial-structural analysis of environmental investments and costs of regional multi-level systems (urban agglomerations, cities, territorial industrial systems, municipalities, etc.). The typology of regional multi-level systems according to a set of environmental characteristics is proposed. Economic and geographical indicators of the effectiveness of environmental protection measures and the costs of regional multi-level systems are proposed. As an example, a territorial-structural analysis of environmental investments and costs of urban agglomerations of Bashkiria and territorial industrial systems of the Bashkir Trans-Urals is given.
FOUR-COMPONENT ECOLOGICAL INVARIANTS AND THEIR DISTURBANCE UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ANTHROPOGENIC FACTORS
Authors: Сёмкин Б.И. , Варченко Л.И. 
Published: May 2021

Установлены существенные преимущества нового подхода, при котором многокомпонентными инвариантами являются относительные спектры. С использованием сравнительного анализа установлено постоянство многокомпонентных инвариантов и их изменение под воздействием антропогенных факторов.
A general approach to the study of invariants in natural sciences is proposed. On examples using the traditional and new approaches, estimates of ecological and taxonomic invariants were made. Significant advantages of the new approach, in which relative spectra are multicomponent invariants, have been established. Using a comparative analysis, the constancy of multicomponent invariants and their change under the influence of anthropogenic factors have been established.
ECOLOGICAL COMPONENT OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF COASTAL TERRITORIES OF PACIFIC RUSSIA
Authors: Степанько Н.Г. , Ткаченко Г.Г. 
Published: May 2021

В работе произведен анализ особенностей географических сочетаний и видового состава месторождений и проявлений минерального сырья на прибрежных территориях (суша и море) Тихоокеанской России. Дана характеристика месторождений минеральных ресурсов, географических и структурных особенностей распространения месторождений минерального сырья, территориальных сочетаний месторождений. На основе проведенного анализа предложен вариант возможной экологической ситуации на рассматриваемой территории в случае реализации инвестиционных проектов, направленных, в основном, на освоение минерально-сырьевого комплекса.
The article analyzes the features of geographical combinations and species composition of mineral deposits and manifestations in coastal territories (land+sea) of Pacific Russia. The characteristics of mineral resource deposits, geographical and structural features of the distribution of mineral deposits, and territorial combinations of deposits are given. Based on the analysis, a variant of the possible environmental situation in the territory under consideration is proposed in the case of investment projects aimed mainly at the development of the mineral resource complex.
STAGES OF PEAT BOG DEVELOPMENT OF BOLSHOI SHANTAR ISLAND ACCORDING TO DIATOM DATA
Authors: Гребенникова Т.А. , Чаков В.В. , Климин М.А. 
Published: May 2021

Приведены результаты изучения эколого-таксономического состава диатомовой флоры покровного торфяника северной части острова Большой Шантар с целью биоиндикации экологических условий, существовавших на болоте в зависимости от гидроклиматических изменений в конце позднего плейстоцена-голоцене.
The results of the study of the ecological-taxonomic composition of the diatom flora of the blanket peat bog located in the northern part of Bolshoy Shantar Island are presented. The aim is bioindication of environments occurring in the bog, connected with hydroclimatic changes at the end of the Late Pleistocene-Holocene.
Toleransi logam berat timbal (Pb) pada bakteri indigenous dari air laut Pelabuhan Paotere, Makassar (Heavy metal lead [Pb] tolerance of indigenous bacteria from Seawater in Paotere Port, Makassar)
Authors: Fahruddin Fahruddin , Santosa Slamet , . Sareda 
Published: May 2021

Marine water which has been polluted by heavy metals such as lead (Pb) from port activities can affect marine life, however several microorganisms are able to adapt in polluted waters due to their resistant capabilities. The research aimed to obtain isolates bacterial which are resistant to Pb and to test their resistant ability. Bacterial isolation was obtained from sediment and seawater taken in Paotere Port, Makassar. The isolation of the resistant bacteria was done using nutrient agar media which contained 10 ppm of Pb. The growth of the bacteria was initially observed macroscopically and microscopically to determine type of the colony. Resistant test for each type of isolate was done by inoculating them on nutrient broth media which contained different concentration of Pb: 5 ppm, 10 ppm, 15 ppm, 20 ppm, 25 ppm, and a control. The test resulted in eight different isolates, five isolates from sediment samples and three from seawater samples. The results showed that each isolate has different degree of resistant toward Pb. Isolate IA1 has the higher resistant ability, and it was followed by isolate IS5.---Perairan laut tercemar logam berat timbal (Pb), yang bersumber dari aktifitas pelabuhan, dapat mengganggu kehidupan biota laut, namun sejumlah mikrorganisme mampu beradaptasi karena memiliki kemampuan resistan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh isolat bakteri yang resistan terhadap Pb dan menguji kemampuan resistansinya. Isolasi bakteri diperoleh dari sampel sedimen dan air laut dari Pelabuhan Paotere, Makassar.Untuk isolasi bakteri resistan menggunakan media nutrient agar yang megandung 10 ppm Pb. Bakteri yang tumbuh diamati secara makropskopis dan mikroskopis sebagai pendekatan awal untuk mengetahui jenis isolat. Uji resistansi dilakukan untuk setiap jenis isolat, yang diinokulasikan pada media nutrient broth pada konsentrasi Pb sebesar 5 ppm, 10 ppm, 15 ppm. 20 ppm, 25 ppm dan 0 ppm sebagai kontrol. Hasilnya, diperoleh delapan jenis isolat yang berbeda, yaitu lima jenis isolat dari sampel sedimen dan tiga dari sampel air laut. Dari hasil uji memperlihatkan, bahwa setiap isolat memiliki kemampuan resistansi berbeda-beda terhadap Pb. Isolat IA1 kemampuan resistansinya lebih tinggi, kemudian isolat IS5.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEPUASAN PASIEN TERHADAP MUTU PELAYANAN KESEHATAN
Authors: Latifah Latifah , Khoiriah Annisa 
Published: May 2021

Latar Belakang: Pelayanan Kesehatan merupakan pelayanan yang didapatkan atau diberikan kepada klien oleh suatu tim untuk multi disiplin dimana Pelayanan kesehatan adalah setiap upaya yang diselenggarakan secara sendiri atau bersama-sama untuk memelihara dan juga untuk meningkatkan derajat mutu Kesehatan untuk mencegah, menyembuhkan penyakit serta juga untuk memulihkan kesehatan yang ditujukan kepada baik perseorangan, keluarga, kelompok, maupun masyarakat (pasien). Tujuan: Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepuasan pasien terhadap mutu pelayanan kesehatan. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional, tempat pelaksanaan penelitian di Puskesmas 1 Ulu Kota Palembang. Analisis data menggunakan univariat dan Analisa Bivariat. jumlah sampel yang digunakan adalah 99. Hasil: Distribusi frekuensi pelayanan administrasi 74,7% responden yang menyatakan pelayanan administrasi baik, sebanyak 56,6% responden yang menyatakan penampilan layanan Kesehatan baik baik, sebanyak 71,7% responden yang menyatakan pelayanan petugas kesehatan sebanyak 61,6% responden yang menyatakan bahwa pelayanan apotik baik, ada 61,6% responden yang menyatakan bahwa kepuasan pasien nya puas. Dan juga Ada hubungan antara pelayanan administrasi dengan kepuasan pasien p value = 0,020, Ada hubungan antara penampilan layanan Kesehatan dengan kepuasan pasien p value = 0,012., Ada hubungan antara pelayanan petugas kesehatan dengan kepuasan pasien p value = 0,029, Ada hubungan antara pelayanan apotik dengan kepuasan pasien p value = 0,037. Saran: Dapat meningkatkan mutu pelayanan kesehatan yang terdiri dari petugas administrasi, pelayanan petugas kesehatan, dan pelayanan apotik agar memberikan pelayanan yang ramah dan penuh perhatian kepada pasien serta memberikan informasi yang jelas kepada pasien. Kata Kunci : Mutu Pelayanan Kesehatan, Distribusi Frekuensi, Kepuasan Pasien
Neutrophil recovery with or without G-CSF in non M3 AML patient with DA 3+7 protocol
Authors: Islam Gazi Yeasinul , Khan Mohiuddin Ahmed , Akter Mafruha , Rahman H N Ashiqur , Ibrahim Md. , Masud Md. Adnan Hasan , Farhad Md. Nurul , Rabby A S M Tariqur 
Published: May 2021

Background: Induction of acute myeloid leukaemia is associated with a high incidence of treatment related mortality mostly due to neutropenia related infections. This study primarily analyses the duration of neutrophil recovery with or without G-CSF during induction with DA 3+7 in non M3 AML patients. This study also evaluates role of G-CSF in duration febrile neutropenia, hospital stay, total blood products transfusion, total number of used injectable antibiotics and remission status. Methods: It was a Quasi Experimental - Non-Randomized Controlled Trail. There were two groups a) Case = Patients receiving G-CSF b) Control= Patients not receiving G-CSF. Sampling was purposive sampling. Results: 50 patients in two group, G-CSF group (n=25) and Control group (No G-CSF) (n=25) participated in this study. Among them 54% was female and 46% was male. Median age of the participants was 28 years. Neutrophil recovery duration in G-CSF group Vs Control group showed 22.64 Vs 24.64 days (p value 0.003). Duration of febrile neutropenia in G-CSF group Vs Control group showed 11.24 Vs 13.56 days (p value 0.038). Duration of hospital stay in G-CSF group Vs Control group showed 23.64 Vs 25.76 days (p value 0.002). Total number of blood and blood product transfusion in G-CSF group Vs Control group showed 3.80 Vs 3.88 (p value 0.597). Total number of injectable antibiotics in G-CSF group Vs Control group showed 2.72 Vs 3.12 days (p value 0.169). In G-CSF group 22 (88%) and in Control group 23 (92%) were in complete remission (p value 0.637). Conclusions: G-CSF significantly reduces the duration of neutropenia (p value 0.003), febrile neutropenia (p value 0.038) and hospital stay (p value 0.002) after induction with DA 3+7. This may cause reduction in treatment cost and sepsis related mortality. G-CSF can’t significantly reduce use of blood products (p value 0.597) and injectable antibiotics (p value 0.169) after induction with DA 3+7. G-CSF does not affect morphological remission status (p value 0.637) after induction with DA 3+7.
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis and Its Association with HIV in Patients Hospitalized in a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Murthy Nitin Yashas , Umesh Soumya , Ravindran Gherard D. 
Published: May 2021

Context:
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) presentation can be unusual, and the diagnosis may often be challenging when associated with HIV.

Aims:
This study was conducted to find out the pattern of newly diagnosed EPTB in hospitalized patients, the diagnostic modalities used to arrive at the diagnosis, frequency of HIV positivity among them, and its association with CD4 counts.

Settings and Design:
All patients newly diagnosed to have EPTB admitted in a tertiary care medical college hospital in various departments over 1 year were included.

Methods and Materials:
Clinical presentation, comorbidities, and investigations done to arrive at diagnosis of EPTB were recorded. They were classified based on the affected site. HIV was tested for all patients, and CD4 counts in positive patients.

Results:
A total of 230 patients were newly diagnosed to have EPTB. The median age was 35 years (IQR 29–45), and the proportion of males was 127 (55%). Imaging was used alone in 47 (20%) patients and in combination with cytology or biopsy in 133 (57.8%) patients to establish the diagnosis. Pleural effusion, 50 (21.7%) patients, peripheral lymph node TB (LNTB), 44 (19.1%) patients, and CNS TB, 37 (16.1%) patients, were the most common forms. HIV was associated in 61 (26.5%) patients and diabetes in 27 (11.5%) patients. Both diseases influenced the presentation of EPTB. There was an association between HIV positivity and type of EPTB with peripheral LNTB being the most common in HIV patients. High CD4 counts were associated with pleural effusion and low counts with disseminated forms.

Statistical Analysis Used:
chi-square, ANOVA, and Student t test.

Conclusion:
The pattern of EPTB changes with HIV and vigilance is required to detect severe and disseminated forms of EPTB with lower CD4 counts.
Maat vs. The statue of Égalité: A critical analysis of Ataa Ayi Kwei Armah’s Wat Nt Shemsw: The way of companions
Authors: Kambon Ọbádélé , Songsore Lwanga , Mankatah Asare Yaw 
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we endeavor to restore Mꜣꜥt ‘Maat’ as truth to her rightful place by challenging erroneous and demonstrably incorrect notions as they appear in Ataa Ayi Kwei Armah’s Wat Nt Shemsw: The Way of Companions. By cross-referencing Ataa Armah’s vague allusions to “ancient Egyptian” mythology with actual textual documentation from Kmt ‘Black Nation/Land of Blacks’ (so-called “ancient Egypt”), we will interrogate the assertions made about the myths of the kmt(yw) ‘Black people’. We find that where Ataa Armah’s statements are at odds with the texts of Kmt ‘Black Nation/Land of Blacks,’ it is necessary to bring this information to light so that the readers can learn the actual content of these myths for themselves. In conclusion, we find that to truly understand Kmt ‘Black Nation/Land of Blacks,’ Afrikan champions interested in restoring the truth of Mꜣꜥt ‘Maat’ must let the Ancestors speak without Eurasian interpreters or interpretations.
Effects of caffeoylxanthiazonoside on airway inflammation in an allergic asthma mice model
Authors: Wu Qian , Wang Hui , Che Xiaowen , Wang Wei 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To investigate the inhibitory effects of caffeoylxanthiazonoside (CYT) on airway inflammation in mice and its mechanism of action.
Methods: An allergic asthma mice model was established by intraperitoneal injection and aerosol nebulization with ovalbumin (OVA). After treatment with CYT, the blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected from the mice. The leukocytes were classified and counted with Giemsa solution. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the serum levels of IgE, and IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and IFN-γ in the BALF of mice. Lung tissues were obtained from the mice and MUC5AC protein expression was measured by western blot.
Results: CYT significantly decreased the serum level of IgE in asthmatic mice. Inflammatory cells in BALF of mice were markedly reduced (p < 0.05) by CYT treatment at varying doses (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg). Treatment with CYT also significantly suppressed the cytokines of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 and increased the IFN-γ in the BLAF of OVA-induced allergic asthma mice (p < 0.05). Western blot results indicate that CYT treatment significantly decreased the expression of MUC5AC protein in the lung tissues of asthmatic mice. In addition, no significant effects on the body weight of the mice were found after CYT treatment.
Conclusion: Caffeoylxanthiazonoside inhibits airway inflammation in allergic asthma mice by altering Th1/Th2 via re-balancing of related cytokines and downregulation of lung MUC5AC protein expression. Therefore, this compound can potentially be developed for the therapeutic management of inflammation in allergic asthma.
Development of reduced-salt gel of silver carp meat batter using low frequency ultrasound: Effect on color, texture, cooking loss and microstructure
Authors: Nasyiruddin Riya Liuhartana , Navicha Willard Burton , Ramadhan Abuubakar Hassan , Yang Fang , Jiang Qixing , Xu Yanshun , Yu Peipei , Xia Wenshui 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To develop reduced-salt silver carp meat gels using low frequency ultrasound.
Methods: Silver carp meat batters were prepared with 0.5, 1 (reduced-salt) and 2 % (regular salt), and sonicated (20 KHz, 500 W) for 30 and 40 min, or unsonicated (control). Changes in gel properties were evaluated in terms of color, texture, cooking loss and microstructure using color measurement, puncture test, cooking loss and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis, respectively.
Results: Ultrasound and salt exposure led to marked effects on color, texture and cooking loss in fish meat gels (p < 0.05). Reduction in salt content increased the lightness (L*) and cooking loss; and also decreased the sample values of greenness (-a*), breaking force, rupture distance and gel strength. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on regular-salt level samples showed that ultrasonic exposure decreased dense aggregates and increased the number and distribution of small cavity samples. Reduced-salt samples (1 % salt) subjected to 30 min sonication had better color (lighter) than control (0 min sonication), better texture (higher gel strength) and cooking loss comparable to that of regular-salt level sample subjected to 30 min sonication, and similar to microstructures from normal salt samples without ultrasound exposure.
Conclusion: Low frequency ultrasound is suitable for preparing reduced-salt fish meat gels under suitable ultrasonic conditions.
MiR-455-3p regulates glioma cell proliferation by targeting PAX6
Authors: Han Jizhong , Xiong Yu , Deng Huajiang , Zhou Jie , Peng Lilei , Xiang Wei , Ming Yang , Chen Ligang 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To investigate the role of miR-455-3p in gliomas.
Method: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to measure miR-455-3p and paired box 6 (PAX6) levels in glioma cell lines. Western blot analysis was used to determine the expression of cell cycle regulators. In addition to over-expression, silencing of miR-455-3p or PAX6 was performed to study the functions of miR-455-3p in gliomas.
Results: The levels of miR-455-3p were significantly up-regulated in glioma cell lines (p < 0.05), while miR-455-3p over-expression increased glioma cell proliferation and interfered with the progress of the cell cycle (p < 0.01). Furthermore, endogenous miR-455-3p silencing prevented glioma cell proliferation by regulating cell cycle progression (p < 0.05).The results also showed that PAX6 controlled the cell cycle while PAX6 silencing selectively regulated p21 expression (p < 0.01). Furthermore, miR-455-3p and PAX6 influenced p53 expression. Re-introduction of PAX6 expressing vector into glioma cells rescued the pro-tumoral effect of miR-455-3p overexpression.
Conclusion: These findings demonstrate the role of miR-455-3p as a tumour oncogene in gliomas via regulation of the cell cycle, indicating that miR-455-3p might act as a new treatment strategy for glioma cell tumours and a predictor of survival in glioma patients.
Combined effects of tenofovir and interferon α1b on viral load and levels of peripheral regulatory T cells in chronic hepatitis B subjects
Authors: Wu Wanfeng , Jiang Chengting , Cheng Cheng , Sun Yihang , Luo Ning , Ge Jinwen 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To study the combined effects of tenofovir and interferon α1b on viral load and peripheral blood regulatory T cell concentrations of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) subjects.
Methods: Patients with chronic hepatitis B (86 cases) were randomly assigned to two groups: control group and study group. In control subjects, tenofovir was given orally (300 mg/kg bwt/day). In addition to tenofovir, the study group received interferon α1b injection intramuscularly at a dose of 50 μg/kg thrice a week. Liver function, serum hepatitis B viral (HBV) load, and serum levels of peripheral blood regulatory T-lymphocytes were determined. Clinical effectiveness and adverse reactions in both groups were also assessed.
Results: After treatment, total effectiveness was higher in the study group (86.04 %) than in control patients (62.79 %) (p < 0.05). Serum aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and total bilirubin (TBIL) significantly decreased in the study group, relative to control, but HBV DNAnegative, HbeAg-negative and HbsAg-negative cells were markedly higher in patients in the study group (p < 0.05). Moreover, there were higher CD4+ T and CD8+ T counts, and CD4+ T/CD8+ T ratio in study subjects than in control subjects (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The combination of tenofovir with interferon α1b effectively improves liver functions in patients with CHB, reduces viral load, and exerts anti-HBV effect by regulating the levels of peripheral blood T-lymphocytes.
Tetrahydropalmatine reduces cell death and improves functional recovery after traumatic spinal cord injury in ratsTetrahydropalmatine reduces cell death and improves functional recovery after traumatic spinal cord injury in rats
Authors: Hao Haihu , Liu Qiang , Wu Dou , Xing Hao , Geng Yahui 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To investigate the effectiveness of tetrahydropalmatine (THP) in the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats.
Methods: Adult Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups: normal control group, SCI group, and SCI group treated with THP (100 mg kg-1). The effect of THP on spinal cord water content, levels of inflammatory mediators, oxidative stress and apoptosis were determined. Locomotor activity in rats was measured using Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) scores. Various oxidative stress markers as well as cytokine levels (NF-ĸB, IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α were determined. Apoptotic index was measured using TUNEL assay.
Results: After 72 h of treatment with THP, BBB scores in SCI group of rats significantly increased from 4.19 ± 0.41 to 8.89 ± 0.47 (p < 0.05). Tunel assay revealed a higher apoptotic index (42.50 ± 3.19) in the tissues of SCI rats than in SCI rats treated with THP (31.48 ± 1.19, p < 0.01). Expressions of inflammatory cytokines were significantly upregulated in SCI rats. However, THP administration resulted in significant downregulation of the expressions (p < 0.01).
Conclusion: These results indicate that THP attenuates traumatic SCI in rats via modulation of the levels of anti-inflammatory mediators. Thus, THP has a promising potential for the management of SCI.