bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient mesh refinement for the Poisson‐Boltzmann equation with boundary elements
Authors: Ramm Vicente , Chaudhry Jehanzeb H. , Cooper Christopher D. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe Poisson‐Boltzmann equation is a widely used model to study electrostatics in molecular solvation. Its numerical solution using a boundary integral formulation requires a mesh on the molecular surface only, yielding accurate representations of the solute, which is usually a complicated geometry. Here, we utilize adjoint‐based analyses to form two goal‐oriented error estimates that allow us to determine the contribution of each discretization element (panel) to the numerical error in the solvation free energy. This information is useful to identify high‐error panels to then refine them adaptively to find optimal surface meshes. We present results for spheres and real molecular geometries, and see that elements with large error tend to be in regions where there is a high electrostatic potential. We also find that even though both estimates predict different total errors, they have similar performance as part of an adaptive mesh refinement scheme. Our test cases suggest that the adaptive mesh refinement scheme is very effective, as we are able to reduce the error one order of magnitude by increasing the mesh size less than 20% and come out to be more efficient than uniform refinement when computing error estimations. This result sets the basis toward efficient automatic mesh refinement schemes that produce optimal meshes for solvation energy calculations.
Different binding characteristics of ciprofloxacin to iron mineral surfaces: Thermodynamic evidence and site energy distribution analysis
Authors: Li Xiangzhi , Lei Feifei , Li Binghua , Bi Erping 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIron minerals in soil play an important role in controlling the migration of fluoroquinolones. In this study, batch experiments were carried out to investigate interactions in ciprofloxacin (CIP) adsorption to goethite, hematite, and magnetite at pH 6.0. Thermodynamics and the site energy distribution theory (SEDT) were adopted to clarify the complexation types. Using the adsorption results, pH‐dependent interactions were qualitatively elucidated. The thermodynamic data revealed the difference in adsorption mechanisms. With increasing sorbate loading, CIP adsorption to hematite and magnetite was endothermic, and both enthalpy change and entropy change decreased; however, CIP sorption to goethite showed opposite characteristics. The higher adsorption capacity and affinity of CIP to hematite and magnetite than those to goethite were caused by their higher site energy of the highest occurring frequency (E0*) and the temperature‐dependent average site energy, respectively. The E0* on the surface of goethite was about 17–19 kJ mol−1, where E0* values of hematite and magnetite were 20–26 kJ mol−1. When temperature increased from 289.15 to 308.15 K, the high‐ and low‐energy site densities for three iron minerals changed by −32 to 167% and by −36 to 223%, respectively. The different thermodynamic and SEDT results indicated that CIP adsorption mechanisms to goethite and hematite/magnetite were mainly outer‐ and inner‐sphere complexation, respectively. The findings of this study reveal the adsorption mechanisms and are helpful in evaluating the transport of antibiotics in soils containing typical iron minerals.
Extracellular vesicles derived from oesophageal cancer containing P4HB promote muscle wasting via regulating PHGDH/Bcl‐2/caspase‐3 pathway
Authors: Gao Xiaohan , Wang Yan , Lu Fang , Chen Xu , Yang Di , Cao Yiren , Zhang Weimin , Chen Jie , Zheng Leilei , Wang Guangchao , Fu Ming , Ma Liying , Song Yongmei , Zhan Qimin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCachexia, characterized by loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, is estimated to inflict the majority of patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and associated with their poor prognosis. However, its underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we developed an ESCC‐induced cachexia mouse model using human xenograft ESCC cell lines and found that ESCC‐derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing prolyl 4‐hydroxylase subunit beta (P4HB) induced apoptosis of skeletal muscle cells. We further identified that P4HB promoted apoptotic response through activating ubiquitin‐dependent proteolytic pathway and regulated the stability of phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) and subsequent antiapoptotic protein Bcl‐2. Additionally, we proved that the P4HB inhibitor, CCF642, not only rescued apoptosis of muscle cells in vitro, but also prevented body weight loss and muscle wasting in ESCC‐induced cachexia mouse model. Overall, these findings demonstrate a novel pathway for ESCC‐induced muscle wasting and advocate for the development of P4HB as a potential intervention target for cachexia in patients with ESCC.
Human milk extracellular vesicles target nodes in interconnected signalling pathways that enhance oral epithelial barrier function and dampen immune responses
Authors: Zonneveld Marijke I. , van Herwijnen Martijn J.C. , Fernandez‐Gutierrez Marcela M. , Giovanazzi Alberta , de Groot Anne Marit , Kleinjan Marije , van Capel Toni M.M. , Sijts Alice J.A.M. , Taams Leonie S. , Garssen Johan , de Jong Esther C. , Kleerebezem Michiel , Nolte‐’t Hoen Esther N.M. , Redegeld Frank A. , Wauben Marca H.M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMaternal milk is nature's first functional food. It plays a crucial role in the development of the infant's gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the immune system. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous population of lipid bilayer enclosed vesicles released by cells for intercellular communication and are a component of milk. Recently, we discovered that human milk EVs contain a unique proteome compared to other milk components. Here, we show that physiological concentrations of milk EVs support epithelial barrier function by increasing cell migration via the p38 MAPK pathway. Additionally, milk EVs inhibit agonist‐induced activation of endosomal Toll like receptors TLR3 and TLR9. Furthermore, milk EVs directly inhibit activation of CD4+ T cells by temporarily suppressing T cell activation without inducing tolerance. We show that milk EV proteins target key hotspots of signalling networks that can modulate cellular processes in various cell types of the GI tract.
The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on surveillance colonoscopies in South Australia
Authors: Wassie Molla M , Agaciak Madelyn , Cock Charles , Bampton Peter , Young Graeme P , Symonds Erin L 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackground and AimThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) global pandemic has affected elective procedures, including colonoscopy, worldwide. Delayed colorectal cancer surveillance may increase cancer risk. This study aimed to determine the impact of COVID‐19 on the proportion of surveillance colonoscopies booked and completed and the extent to which that surveillance was delayed.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of colonoscopy data during the 3 months (April–June 2020) when clinical services were most affected by COVID‐19 in South Australia compared to the same period in 2019. Data on colonoscopies and responses to surveillance recall letters were reviewed to determine the numbers and proportions of colonoscopies that were delayed.ResultsDuring 2020, the total number of colonoscopies decreased by 51.1% (n = 569) compared to 2019 (n = 1164). In 2019, 45.5% (n = 530) of colonoscopies were completed for surveillance, but this proportion decreased to 32.0% (n = 182) during 2020, an overall decrease in the number of surveillance colonoscopies of 65.6%. Of surveillance colonoscopies that were due in 2020, 46.1% (134/291) were delayed >6 months, a significant increase compared to 2019 (19.3%; 59/306, P < 0.001). A decrease in response to surveillance recall letters was only observed in patients ≥75 years, with more nonresponders (51.6%) in 2020 compared to that observed in 2019 (25.6%, P = 0.03).ConclusionsSignificant delays in surveillance colonoscopies occurred during the COVID‐19 pandemic in South Australia. These effects are likely to be in areas more severely affected by the pandemic. Planning for post‐COVID‐19 colonoscopy capacity is required to avoid cancer progression due to delays in surveillance colonoscopies.
COVID‐19: Small and medium enterprises challenges and responses with creativity, innovation, and entrepreneurship
Authors: Thukral Esha 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSMEs are significantly affected by COVID‐19 crisis as they overrepresent hardest‐hit sectors such as retail, hospitality, food services, entertainment services, and construction. The discovery and the spread of COVID‐19 in the absence of cure have led governments to take drastic measures, including the lockdown of large parts of society and social distancing resulting in behavioral changes. Some SMEs are responding to the crisis by applying creativity to problems to obtain opportunities. However, it is because of resilience that they can see an opportunity in chaos and survive uncertain times, but, to convert those opportunities to reality, some government interventions are needed to correct the negative effects of lockdown restrictions by revitalizing the entrepreneurial ecosystem.
Agri‐food sector and entrepreneurship during the COVID‐19 crisis: A systematic literature review and research agenda
Authors: Apostolopoulos Nikolaos , Ratten Vanessa , Petropoulos Dimitrios , Liargovas Panagiotis , Anastasopoulou Eleni 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe related literature highlighted the impact of COVID‐19 on agri‐food entrepreneurship, the government measures and support on agri‐food entrepreneurship, and the shift of agri‐food entrepreneurship towards digitization, innovative ideas, and new market solutions. Agri‐food entrepreneurship faces numerous challenges, but at the same time, the crisis can generate opportunities. The studies made so far indicate that COVID‐19 can cause transformational changes to agri‐food entrepreneurship, although further research is needed to clarify open issues.
Touristic preferences of hostel guests during COVID‐19 times: The case of Oporto
Authors: Tavares Fernando , Condurú Olavo , Santos Eulália , Tavares Vasco 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe hostel market urgently needs to reinvent itself and define strategies to increase its revenue, providing safety to its guests during the COVID‐19 pandemic. In the trip's planning, the results show that individuals attribute high levels of importance to cuisine, local wines and to meeting new people. The social networks of the different places to visit are the least utilized means to plan what to do during their stay in Oporto. Static street advertising and leaving the hostel to go outside are much more important to hostel customers. The most notable attractions are the Ribeira and the bridges over the river Douro.
The role of the fourth sector in the context of the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Martins Vanessa , Ferreira Marisa , Braga Vitor 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe fourth sector, which is composed of “for‐benefit” enterprises, can play a fundamental and positive role for the community, particularly in the context of the COVID‐19 pandemic. It supports public organizations and protects disadvantaged populations. Further research is suggested on the cross‐sectoral collaboration based on non‐profit motivations during the pandemic.
Root system plays an important role in responses of plant to drought in the steppe of China
Authors: Jiang Lubing , Liu Hongyan , Peng Zhaoyu , Dai Jingyu , Zhao Fengjun , Chen Zhiting 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn the temperate grasslands of northern China, there exists a large range of soil texture. However, previous studies have mainly focused on the effect of climate water deficit on plant traits and have paid little attention to the effect of soil water deficit because grasses tend to use rainfall water directly. We measured eight drought‐related plant traits of 12 widely distributed perennial species in the temperate grassland in northern China and examined drought‐related plant traits under different aridity index ([ET0 − P]/ET0) and soil sand/clay ratio. The 12 species were categorized into three functional groups: fibrous‐rooted C4 species, fibrous‐rooted C3 species, and tap‐rooted C3 species. Our results showed that increasing climate drought had influence on all selected functional groups, and the influence on aboveground biomass and height was especially large on fibrous‐rooted C3 species. Coarse soil led to increased root length of fibrous‐rooted C3 and tap‐rooted C3 species. Our results imply that root system can be important to plant responses under drought, and soil texture can have influence on plant, though most of the traits show resistance to coarser soil.
Study on the effect of stepwise decreasing microwave power drying (SDMPD) of moth bean sprouts on its quality
Authors: Sedani Sejal R. , Pardeshi Ishvar L. , Dorkar Amit R. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractVigna aconitifolia (Jacq.), locally known as moth bean, is a drought‐resistant pulse crop and grown in arid and semi‐arid areas of India. Green pods and grains, in cooked or sprouted form, are a mostly consumable part of the plant as they are rich in protein. Sprouting increases the bioavailability of protein by 30%, but bacterial contamination is high in sprouts due to its high initial moisture content that creates a problem for its storage. Hence, to rectify the said problem, drying the sprouts up to storable moisture level can be the best solution. The microwave drying was investigated for drying of sprouted moth beans. The microwave drying of sprouted moth beans using single microwave power was not suitable for drying, as the burning of the product takes place before reaching desired moisture content while dried at a microwave power of 900, 720, 540, and 360 W. During the drying at a microwave power of 180 W, it took about an hour for drying. However, during this drying, by the time it reaches moisture content at around 57.89 kg per 100 kg dm, the product shows browning. Therefore, a new technique was employed for drying sprouted moth beans, that is, Stepwise Decreasing Microwave Power Drying (SDMPD). The sprouts were dried at each microwave power level, in decreasing order for a particular time at each respective microwave power, to reduce the browning effect thus protecting the product from burning. The sprouted moth beans were dried in 19 min using SDMPD. The rehydration ratio was found to be 1.96. The moisture content of resultant dried sprouted moth beans was found to be 4.95 kg per 100 kg dm with a minimum color change (∆e*) of 10.46, which was found to be reduced up to 6.84 after rehydration, indicating the improved color.
Predictors of otolaryngology applicant success using the Texas STAR database
Authors: Lenze Nicholas R. , Mihalic Angela P. , DeMason Christine E. , Shah Rupali N. , Buckmire Robert A. , Thorp Brian D. , Ebert Charles S. , Zanation Adam M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo examine applicant characteristics and behaviors associated with a successful match into otolaryngology residency.MethodsSelf‐reported survey data from applicants to otolaryngology residency between 2018 and 2020 were obtained from the Texas STAR database. Characteristics and predictors associated with a successful match were examined using Chi‐square tests, two‐sided t‐tests, and logistic regression models.ResultsA total of 315 otolaryngology residency applicants responded to the survey of whom 274 matched (87%) and 41 did not match (13%). Matched applicants had a significantly higher mean USMLE Step 1 score (P = .016) and Step 2 CK score (P = .007). There were no significant differences in AOA status (45% vs 36%; P = .207), mean number of applications submitted (70 vs 69; P = .544), and mean number of away rotations (2.1 vs 2.0; P = .687) between matched and unmatched applicants. Significant predictors of a successful match included receiving honors in 5 or more clerkships (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.0‐4.0; P = .040), receiving honors in an ENT clerkship (OR 3.7, 95% CI 1.0‐12.9; P = .044), and having 3 or more peer‐reviewed publications (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.1‐4.5; P = .020). The majority of applicants (79.9%) matched at a program where they either did an away rotation, had a personal geographic connection, or attended medical school in the same geographic region.ConclusionsBoard scores, excelling on clinical rotations, and having productive research experience appear to be strong predictors of a successful match in otolaryngology. The majority of applicants report a personal or geographic connection to the program at which they match.Level of evidence4.
Effects of Anti‐Inflammatory Nanofibers on Urethral Healing
Authors: Chan Yvonne Y. , Bury Matthew I. , Fuller Natalie J. , Nolan Bonnie G. , Gerbie Emily Yura , Hofer Matthias D. , Sharma Arun K. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractProtracted postsurgical inflammation leading to postoperative complications remains a persistent problem in urethral reconstruction. Nanofibers in the form of peptide amphiphiles expressing anti‐inflammatory peptides (AIF‐PA) have positively modulated local inflammatory responses. Urethroplasty is performed to repair 5 mm ventral urethral defects with: uncoated small intestinal submucosa (SIS); SIS dip‐coated with AIF‐PA1 (anti‐inflammatory treatment), or SIS dip‐coated with AIF‐PA6 (control) on 12‐week‐old male Sprague Dawley rats (n = 6/group/timepoint). Animals are euthanized at 14 and 28 d postsurgery. Hematoxylin‐eosin, Masson's Trichrome, and immunohistochemistry with primary antibodies against myeloperoxidase (MPO; neutrophils), CD68, CD86, CD206 (macrophages), and proinflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL‐1β are performed. Complete urethral healing occurs in 3/6 uncoated SIS (50%), 2/6 SIS+AIF‐PA6 (33.3%), and 5/6 SIS+AIF‐PA1 (83.3%) animals at 14 d and all at 28 d. Application of AIF‐PA1 to SIS substitution urethroplasty decreases MPO+ neutrophils, CD86+ M1 proinflammatory macrophages, TNFα, and IL‐1β levels while concurrently increasing levels of CD206+ M2 proregenerative/anti‐inflammatory macrophages at the anastomoses and the regenerated tissue at the wound bed (REGEN). AIF‐PA1 treatment enhances the healing process, contributing to earlier, complete urethral healing, and increased angiogenesis. Further studies are needed to elucidate the specific mechanism of inflammatory response modulation on angiogenesis and overall urethral healing.
Full Bio‐Based Soy Protein Isolate Film Enhanced by Chicken Feather Keratin
Authors: Li Xiaona , Wei Yanqiang , Jiang Shuaicheng , Zhou Ying , Li Jiongjiong , Li Kuang , Shi Sheldon Q. , Li Jianzhang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSoy protein isolate (SPI) film is considered a promising biomaterial for the replacement of petroleum‐based food packaging plastics. However, current SPI films are still replying on petroleum‐based crosslink agents. In this paper, a green and effective approach is developed to prepare a full biomass‐based sustainable film with high strength and toughness by incorporating feather keratin (FK, extracted from the waste chicken feathers) into the SPI via the reaction of disulfide bonds. The broken disulfide bonds in FK are recombined with the sulfhydryl group on the SPI molecular chains to form a cross‐linked network. Compared to the SPI film, the tensile strength of the SPI/FK composite film is increased by 242% to 8.2 MPa and the toughness is increased by 152% to 9.18 MJ m−3. The thermal stability and the water resistance of the SPI/FK composite films are also improved. The replacement rate of FK‐modified SPI is up to 40%. Since the film is 100% made from bio‐based materials, it would be biodegradable. This research provides a green and economic approach to improve the performance of protein‐based food packaging films by introducing FK as an enhancer and constructing disulfide bonds cross‐linked network structure in the protein system.
A bibliometric retrospection of marketing from the lens of psychology: Insights from Psychology & Marketing
Authors: Donthu Naveen , Kumar Satish , Pattnaik Debidutta , Lim Weng M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe contribution of psychology to marketing has been significant and invaluable. No discipline has benefitted from another as much as marketing from psychology. To gain an understanding of the scientific contributions emerging from the intersection of psychology and marketing, this study conducts a bibliometric retrospection of a premier journal dedicated to the application of psychological theories and techniques to marketing: Psychology & Marketing (P&M). To do so, this study employs bibliometrics to unpack the publication trends and the intellectual structure of P&M. In doing so, this study reveals several interesting findings. First, P&M's publications grew by 71.9 times, authorships grew by 82.1 times, and citations grew by 150.8 times between 1984 and 2020, indicating a healthy growth of marketing research informed by psychology. Second, P&M's contributions manifest through eight intellectual clusters—namely, marketing environment; consumer engagement; online consumer behavior and marketing; luxury consumption and marketing; sustainable consumption and marketing; influencer and international marketing; customer relationship, satisfaction, and loyalty; and marketing futures. Finally, P&M's emerging and promising areas for future exploration include aesthetics and consumer impressions; celebrity endorsement; conspicuous consumption and hedonic adaptation; climate change; choice likelihood; consumer engagement; consumer psychology; marketing communication; sensory marketing; sharing economy; and social media marketing. As a whole, these findings should provide readers with a state‐of‐the‐art overview of marketing from psychology through the scientific contributions from P&M.
3D Antidrying Antifreezing Artificial Skin Device with Self‐Healing and Touch Sensing Capability
Authors: Shin Woohyeon , Kim Jun Seop , Choi Hui Ju , Kim Heesung , Park Sulbin , Lee Hee Jung , Choi Moon Kee , Chung Kyeongwoon 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHydrogels are attractive, active materials for various e‐skin devices based on their unique functionalities such as flexibility and biocompatibility. Still, e‐skin devices are generally limited to simple structures, and the realization of optimal‐shaped 3D e‐skin devices for target applications is an intriguing issue of interest. Furthermore, hydrogels intrinsically suffer from drying and freezing issues in operational capability for practical applications. Herein, 3D artificial skin devices are demonstrated with highly improved device stability. The devices are fabricated in a target‐oriented 3D structure by extrusion‐based 3D printing, spontaneously heal mechanical damage, and enable stable device operation over time and under freezing conditions. Based on the material design to improve drying and freezing resistance, an organohydrogel, prepared by solvent displacement of hydrogel with ethylene glycol for 3 h, exhibits excellent drying resistance over 1000 h and improved freezing resistance by showing no phase transition down to −60 °C while maintaining its self‐healing functionality. Based on the improved drying and freezing resistance, artificial skin devices in target‐oriented optimal 3D structures are presented, which enable accurate positioning of touchpoints even on a complicated 3D structure stably over time and excellent operation at temperatures below 0 °C without losing their flexibility.