bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Which patients with bipolar depression receive antidepressant augmentation? Results from an observational multicenter study
Authors: Musetti Laura , Tundo Antonio , Cambiali Erika , Del Grande Claudia , De Filippis Rocco , Franceschini Caterina , Proietti Luca , Betrò Sophia , Marazziti Donatella , Dell’Osso Liliana 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundTo identify demographic and clinical characteristics of bipolar depressed patients who require antidepressant (AD) augmentation, and to evaluate the short- and long-term effectiveness and safety of this therapeutic strategy.MethodsOne hundred twenty-two bipolar depressed patients were consecutively recruited, 71.7% of them received mood stabilizers (MS)/second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) with AD-augmentation and 28.3% did not. Patients were evaluated at baseline, and after 12 weeks and 15 months of treatment.ResultsThe AD-augmentation was significantly higher in patients with bipolar II compared with bipolar I diagnosis. Patients with MS/SGA + AD had often a seasonal pattern, depressive polarity onset, depressive index episode with anxious features, a low number of previous psychotic and (hypo)manic episodes and of switch. They had a low irritable premorbid temperament, a low risk of suicide attempts, and a low number of manic symptoms at baseline. After 12 weeks of treatment, 82% of patients receiving ADs improved, 58% responded and 51% remitted, 3.8% had suicidal thoughts or projects, 6.1% had (hypo)manic switch, and 4.1% needed hospitalization. During the following 12 months, 92% of them remitted from index episode, 25.5% did not relapse, and 11% needed hospitalization. Although at the start advantaged, patients with AD-augmentation, compared with those without AD-augmentation, did not significantly differ on any outcome as well on adverse events in the short- and long-term treatment.ConclusionOur findings indicate that ADs, combined with MS and/or SGA, are short and long term effective and safe in a specific subgroup for bipolar depressed patients.
On the Elusive Moderators of Affective Organizational Commitment
Authors: Vandenberghe Christian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDeparting from a universal perspective on affective organizational commitment, the present article examines the situational and personal variables that act as potential moderators of the relationship between affective commitment and its antecedents and outcomes. Based on emerging evidence and theory, it is argued that the relationship between extrinsic and intrinsic rewards and other job experiences and affective commitment is stronger when employees exert an influence over rewards and job experiences. This can be achieved when the organization offers opportunities for such influence or when employees’ traits help them earn expected rewards. Similarly, theory and empirical evidence suggest that the relationship between affective commitment and work outcomes is subject to moderating influences. For example, affective commitment may foster employee retention when more career opportunities are available, making one’s belongingness to the organization more attractive. Such career opportunities may result from the organization’s action or from individuals’ own proactivity to obtain them. Likewise, the relationship between affective commitment and work performance is likely stronger when supervisors’ leadership helps employees engage in those behaviors that are rewarded by the organization. Finally, we discuss avenues for future inquiry by identifying group-level and cultural variables as promising moderators that warrant attention.
Estimating and Forecasting Time‐Varying Groundwater Recharge in Fractured Rock: A State‐Space Formulation With Preferential and Diffuse Flow to the Water Table
Authors: Shapiro Allen M. , Day‐Lewis Frederick D. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRapid infiltration following precipitation may result in groundwater contamination from surface contaminants or pathogens. In fractured rock, contaminants can migrate rapidly to points of groundwater withdrawals. In contrast to the temporal availability of groundwater quality chemical indicators, meteorological and groundwater level observations are available in real‐time to estimate time‐varying recharge, which can act as a surrogate to identify periods of rapid infiltration that may indicate contamination susceptibility. Estimating recharge using methods, such as base‐flow recession, unsaturated infiltration models, or water‐table fluctuations (WTF), cannot capitalize on currently available technologies and telecommunication infrastructure to conduct real‐time recharge estimation at scales relevant to characterizing rapid infiltration. We present a linear, physics‐based state‐space (SS) model of one‐dimensional infiltration to estimate recharge, which includes preferential and diffuse‐flow to the water table. The model can take advantage of real‐time data for water‐table altitude, precipitation, and evapotranspiration. Model parameters are calibrated over an observation period, and the Kalman Filter (KF) is subsequently applied to continuously update the observed (water‐table altitude) and unobserved (groundwater recharge) system states and predict future states as new data become available. The SS/KF algorithm is demonstrated at the Masser Groundwater Recharge Site in Pennsylvania, USA and comparisons are made with recharge estimates from WTF methods. Model results indicate that the frequency of observations (daily vs. sub‐daily) dictates the allocation between preferential and diffuse flow. Additionally, because infiltration processes encompass many nonlinearities, model parameters estimated from observation periods need to be updated at least seasonally to account for changing recharge conditions.
Papanin Ridge and Ojin Rise Seamounts (Northwest Pacific): Dual Hotspot Tracks Formed by the Shatsky Plume
Authors: Dürkefälden Antje , Geldmacher Jörg , Portnyagin Maxim , Garbe‐Schönberg Dieter , Werner Reinhard , Müller Dietmar , Hauff Folkmar , Hoernle Kaj 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAlthough previous findings support an origin of the Shatsky Rise igneous plateau (Northwest Pacific) through interaction of a mantle plume with a mid‐ocean ridge triple junction, the evidence for the involvement of a mantle plume is equivocal. The identification of an intraplate hotspot track emanating from the plateau could solve this controversy. Here we present major and trace element geochemical data from two different bathymetric features that emanate from the youngest end of Shatsky Rise: Papanin Ridge and the Ojin Rise Seamount province. Combining our results with plate tectonic reconstructions, we conclude that Papanin Ridge represents a hotspot track formed by plume‐ridge interaction. Whereas the southwestern part was formed along the path of the retreating Pacific‐Farallon‐Izanagi triple junction, the northeastern part was built by preferential drainage into its Pacific‐Farallon branch. In contrast, the Ojin Rise Seamounts formed as a true intraplate hotspot track of the Shatsky plume tail. Our wide‐ranging study reveals systematic spatial geochemical variations, consistent with a lithospheric thickness control on magma composition derived from melting a heterogeneous plume source. The recognition of two hotspot tracks and in particular of the Ojin Rise Seamounts as an intraplate hotspot track that is directly linked to Shatsky plateau volcanism both in terms of geochemistry and plate tectonic reconstructions confirms the long‐disputed involvement of a mantle plume for the formation of Shatsky Rise.
Astrophysical Explosions Revisited: Collisionless Coupling of Debris to Magnetized Plasma
Authors: Le Ari , Winske Dan , Stanier Adam , Daughton William , Cowee Misa , Wetherton Blake , Guo Fan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe coupling between a rapidly expanding cloud of ionized debris and an ambient magnetized plasma is revisited with a hybrid (kinetic ion/fluid electron) simulation code that allows a study over a wide range of plasma parameters. Over a specified range of hypothetical conditions, simple scaling laws in terms of the total debris mass and explosion speed are derived and verified for the maximal size of the debris cloud and the fraction of debris that free‐streams from the burst along the magnetic field. The amount of debris that escapes from the burst with minimal coupling to the background magnetic field increases with the debris gyroradius. Test cases with two different debris species—including a heavy minority species with a relatively large gyroradius—highlight how the collisionless coupling of the debris depends on the single particle trajectories as well as the overall conservation of energy and momentum.
Mantle Flow in the Vicinity of the Eastern Edge of the Pacific‐Yakutat Slab: Constraints From Shear Wave Splitting Analyses
Authors: Yang Yuchen , Gao Stephen S. , Liu Kelly H. , Kong Fansheng , Fu Xiaofei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTo investigate the effects of a slab edge and varying slab geometry on the mantle flow systems beneath south central Alaska, a total of 971 pairs of teleseismic shear wave (SKS, SKKS, and PKS) and 65 pairs of local S wave splitting parameters (fast orientations and splitting times) are measured using data from the USArray and other networks. The Pacific‐Yakutat slab edge separates two regions with different characteristics of the splitting measurements. The area to the west of the slab edge has greater splitting times and mostly trench parallel fast orientations, and the area to the east is dominated by smaller splitting times and spatially varying fast orientations. The spatial distribution of the splitting parameters and results of anisotropy layering and depth analyses can be explained by a model involving three flow systems. The sub‐slab flow initially entraining with the shallow‐dipping Yakutat slab deflects to a trench‐parallel direction due to slab retreat and an increase in slab dip, and flows northeastward toward the slab edge, where it splits into two branches. The first branch enters the mantle wedge as a toroidal flow and flows southwestward along the slab, and the second branch continues approximately eastward. The flowlines of the toroidal and continued flow systems are approximately orthogonal to each other in the vicinity of the slab edge, producing the observed small splitting times and spatially varying fast orientations.
Circadian PERformance in breast cancer: a germline and somatic genetic study of PER3VNTR polymorphisms and gene co-expression
Authors: Fores-Martos Jaume , Cervera-Vidal Raimundo , Sierra-Roca Julia , Lozano-Asencio Carlos , Fedele Vita , Cornelissen Sten , Edvarsen Hege , Tadeo-Cervera Irene , Eroles Pilar , Lluch Ana , Tabares-Seisdedos Rafa , Falcó Antonio , Van’t Veer Laura J. , Schmidt Marjanka , Quigley David A. , Børresen-Dale Anne-Lise , Kristensen Vessela N. , Balmain Allan , Climent Joan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPolymorphisms in the PER3 gene have been associated with several human disease phenotypes, including sleep disorders and cancer. In particular, the long allele of a variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism has been previously linked to an increased risk of breast cancer. Here we carried out a combined germline and somatic genetic analysis of the role of the PER3VNRT polymorphism in breast cancer. The combined data from 8284 individuals showed a non-significant trend towards increased breast cancer risk in the 5-repeat allele homozygous carriers (OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 0.97–1.42). We observed allelic imbalance at the PER3 locus in matched blood and tumor DNA samples, showing a significant retention of the long variant (risk) allele in tumor samples, and a preferential loss of the short repetition allele (p = 0.0005). Gene co-expression analysis in healthy and tumoral breast tissue samples uncovered significant associations between PER3 expression levels with those from genes which belong to several cancer-associated pathways. Finally, relapse-free survival (RFS) analysis showed that low expression levels of PER3 were linked to a significant lower RSF in luminal A (p = 3 × 10−12) but not in the rest of breast cancer subtypes.
A systematic review on exercise and training-based interventions for freezing of gait in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Gilat Moran , Ginis Pieter , Zoetewei Demi , De Vleeschhauwer Joni , Hulzinga Femke , D’Cruz Nicholas , Nieuwboer Alice 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFreezing of gait (FOG) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) causes severe patient burden despite pharmacological management. Exercise and training are therefore advocated as important adjunct therapies. In this meta-analysis, we assess the existing evidence for such interventions to reduce FOG, and further examine which type of training helps the restoration of gait function in particular. The primary meta-analysis across 41 studies and 1838 patients revealed a favorable moderate effect size (ES = −0.37) of various training modalities for reducing subjective FOG-severity (p < 0.00001), though several interventions were not directly aimed at FOG and some included non-freezers. However, exercise and training also proved beneficial in a secondary analysis on freezers only (ES = −0.32,p = 0.007). We further revealed that dedicated training aimed at reducing FOG episodes (ES = −0.24) or ameliorating the underlying correlates of FOG (ES = −0.40) was moderately effective (p < 0.01), while generic exercises were not (ES = −0.14,p = 0.12). Relevantly, no retention effects were seen after cessation of training (ES = −0.08,p = 0.36). This review thereby supports the implementation of targeted training as a treatment for FOG with the need for long-term engagement.
Cacao powder supplementation attenuates oxidative stress, cholinergic impairment, and apoptosis in d-galactose-induced aging rat brain
Authors: Yoo Hyoeun , Kim Hyun-Sook 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAging, a critical risk factor of several diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, affects an ever-growing number of people. Cacao supplementation has been suggested to improve age-related neuronal deficits. Therefore, this study investigated the protective effects of raw cacao powder on oxidative stress-induced aging. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups: Control (C), d-galactose-induced aging (G), d-galactose injection with 10% (LC), and 16% (HC) cacao powder mixed diet. d-galactose (300 mg/3 mL/kg) was intraperitoneally injected into all but the control group for 12 weeks. Cacao supplemented diets were provided for 8 weeks. The levels of serum Malondialdehyde (MDA), Advanced Glycation End-products (AGEs), brain and liver MDA, the indicators of the d-galactose induced oxidative stress were significantly decreased in LC and HC but increased in G. The Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity of brain showed that the cholinergic impairment was significantly lower in LC, and HC than G. Furthermore, the expression levels of catalase (CAT), phospho-Akt/Akt, and procaspase-3 were significantly increased in LC and HC. In conclusion, cacao consumption attenuated the effects of oxidative stress, cholinergic impairment and apoptosis, indicating its potential in future clinical studies.
Molecular characterization and cell type composition deconvolution of fibrosis in NAFLD
Authors: Pantano Lorena , Agyapong George , Shen Yang , Zhuo Zhu , Fernandez-Albert Francesc , Rust Werner , Knebel Dagmar , Hill Jon , Boustany-Kari Carine M. , Doerner Julia F. , Rippmann Jörg F. , Chung Raymond T. , Ho Sui Shannan J. , Simon Eric , Corey Kathleen E. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of liver disease worldwide. In adults with NAFLD, fibrosis can develop and progress to liver cirrhosis and liver failure. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of fibrosis progression are not fully understood. Using total RNA-Seq, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of NAFLD and fibrosis. We sequenced liver tissue from 143 adults across the full spectrum of fibrosis stage including those with stage 4 fibrosis (cirrhosis). We identified gene expression clusters that strongly correlate with fibrosis stage including four genes that have been found consistently across previously published transcriptomic studies on NASH i.e. COL1A2, EFEMP2, FBLN5 and THBS2. Using cell type deconvolution, we estimated the loss of hepatocytes versus gain of hepatic stellate cells, macrophages and cholangiocytes with advancing fibrosis stage. Hepatocyte-specific functional analysis indicated increase of pro-apoptotic pathways and markers of bipotent hepatocyte/cholangiocyte precursors. Regression modelling was used to derive predictors of fibrosis stage. This study elucidated molecular and cell composition changes associated with increasing fibrosis stage in NAFLD and defined informative gene signatures for the disease.
Effects of an external compared to an internal focus of attention on the excitability of fast and slow(er) motor pathways
Authors: Kuhn Yves-Alain , Keller Martin , Egger Sven , Taube Wolfgang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the behavioural improvements usually associated with an external (EF) compared with an internal focus of attention (IF) remain poorly investigated. Surround inhibition in the primary cortex has been shown to be more pronounced with an EF, indicating a more spatial restriction of the motor command. However, the influence of different foci on the temporal aspect of the motor command, such as the modulation of fast versus slow(er) motor pathways, remains unknown and was therefore investigated in this study. Fourteen participants were asked to press on a pedal with the right foot to match its position with a target line displayed on a screen. The deviation of the pedal from the target line was used as a behavioural parameter and compared between both foci (EF vs IF). Additionally, conditioned H-reflexes were evoked during the motor task to assess the excitability of fast (direct) and slower (more indirect) motor pathways when adopting an EF or IF. With an EF compared to an IF, the motor performance was enhanced (P = .001; + 24%) and the activation of slow(er) motor pathways was reduced (P < 0.001, − 11.73%). These findings demonstrate for the first time that using different attentional strategies (EF and IF) has an influence on the excitability of slow(er) motor pathways. Together with the increased intracortical inhibition and surround inhibition known from previous studies, the diminished activation in the slow(er) motor pathways further explains why using an EF is a more economic strategy.
Investigations on annual spreading of viruses infecting cucurbit crops in Uttar Pradesh State, India
Authors: Kumari Shweta , Krishnan Nagendran , Dubey Vikas , Das Bappa , Pandey Koshlendra Kumar , Singh Jagdish 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDuring 2018 an intensive study was conducted to determine the viruses associated with cucurbitaceous crops in nine agroclimatic zones of the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. Total of 563 samples collected and analysed across 14 different cucurbitaceous crops. The results showed the dominance of Begomovirus (93%) followed by Potyvirus (46%), cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV-39%), Polerovirus (9%), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV-2%) and Orthotospovirus (2%). Nearly 65% of samples were co-infected with more than one virus. Additionally, host range expansion of CMV, CGMMV and polerovirus was also observed on cucurbit crops. A new potyvirus species, zucchini tigre mosaic virus, earlier not documented from India has also been identified on five crops during the study. Risk map generated using ArcGIS for virus disease incidence predicted the virus severity in unexplored areas. The distribution pattern of different cucurbit viruses throughout Uttar Pradesh will help identify the hot spots for viruses and will facilitate to devise efficient and eco-friendly integrated management strategies for the mitigation of viruses infecting cucurbit crops. Molecular diversity and evolutionary relationship of the virus isolates infecting cucurbits in Uttar Pradesh with previously reported strains were understood from the phylogenetic analysis. Diverse virus infections observed in the Eastern Plain zone, Central zone and North-Eastern Plain zone indicate an alarming situation for the cultivation of cucurbits in the foreseeable future.
The fatty degeneration of the lumbar erector spinae muscles affects dynamic spinal compensation ability during gait in adult spinal deformity
Authors: Miura Kousei , Kadone Hideki , Asada Tomoyuki , Koda Masao , Funayama Toru , Takahashi Hiroshi , Noguchi Hiroshi , Mataki Kentaro , Shibao Yosuke , Sato Kosuke , Eto Fumihiko , Kono Mamoru , Suzuki Kenji , Yamazaki Masashi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate whether fat infiltration in lumbar paravertebral muscles assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could be related to dynamic sagittal spino-pelvic balance during gait in adult spinal deformity (ASD). This is a retrospective analysis of 28 patients with ASD. The fat infiltration rate of lumbar erector spinae muscles, multifidus muscles and psoas major muscles was measured by T2 weighted axial MRI at L1-2 and L4-5. Dynamic sagittal spinal and pelvic angles during gait were evaluated using 3D motion analysis. The correlation between fat infiltration rate of those muscles with variations in dynamic kinematic variables while walking and static radiological parameters was analyzed. Spinal kyphosis and pelvic anteversion significantly increased during gait. Fat infiltration rate of erector spinae muscles at L1-2 was positively correlated with thoracic kyphosis (r = 0.392, p = 0.039) and pelvic tilt (r = 0.415, p = 0.028). Increase of spinal kyphosis during walking was positively correlated with fat infiltration rate of erector spinae muscles both at L1-2 (r = 0.394, p = 0.038) and L4-5 (r = 0.428, p = 0.023). Qualitative evaluation of lumbar erector spinae muscles assessed by fat infiltration rate has the potential to reflect dynamic spino-pelvic balance during gait.
Determination and benchmarking of 27Al(d,α) and 27Al(d,p) reaction cross sections for energies and angles relevant to NRA
Authors: Salimi M. , Kakuee O. , Masoudi S. F. , Rafi-kheiri H. , Briand E. , Ganem J.-J. , Vickridge I. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe cross-sections of deuteron-induced nuclear reactions suitable for ion beam analysis, measured in different laboratories, are often significantly different. In the present work, differential cross-sections of 27Al(d,p) and 27Al(d,α) reactions were measured, and the cross sections benchmarked with thick target spectra obtained from pure aluminium for the first time in two independent laboratories. The 27Al(d,p) and (d,α) differential cross-sections were measured between 1.4 and 2 MeV at scattering angles of 165°, 150°, and 135° in the VDGT laboratory in Tehran (Iran), and the same measurements for detector angle of 150° were repeated from scratch, including target making, with independent equipment on the SAFIR platform at INSP in Paris (France). The results of these two measurements at 150° are in good agreement, and for the first time a fitted function is proposed to describe the Al-cross sections for which no suitable theoretical expression exists. The obtained differential cross-sections were validated through benchmarking, by fitting with SIMNRA deuteron-induced particle spectra obtained from a high purity bulk Al target at both labs for deuteron incident energies between 1.6 and 2 MeV. The thick target spectra are well-reproduced. The evaluated and benchmarked cross sections have been uploaded to the ion beam analysis nuclear data library database (www-nds.iaea.org/ibandl/).