bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Colour volumetric display based on holographic-laser-excited graphics using drawing space separation
Authors: Kumagai Kota , Miura Shun , Hayasaki Yoshio 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA volumetric display generates a graphics that can be viewed from 360$$^{\circ }$$

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by representing the 3D information of an object as voxels in physical space. However, the natural properties of physical objects, such as 3D information and colors, and the seamless relationships between graphics and humans make it difficult to implement such displays. Here, we introduce a novel system that combines the spatial generation of femtosecond-laser-excited emission points using computer-generated holograms and beam scanning with the drawing space separation method. We demonstrate the drawing of volumetric graphics that can be color-expressed in voxel units in the air. This system enables the drawing of volumetric graphics in the air, accurate color representations, and robust graphics that are not destroyed by contact with users or objects. It also lays the foundation for the implementation of future volumetric displays.
A comprehensive breath test that confirms recent use of inhaled cannabis within the impairment window
Authors: DeGregorio Michael W. , Wurz Gregory T. , Montoya Edward , Kao Chiao-Jung 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLegalization of cannabis for medicinal and/or recreational use is expanding globally. Although cannabis is being regulated country by country, an accurate recent use test with indisputable results correlated with impairment has yet to be discovered. In the present study, a new approach for determining recent cannabis use within the impairment window after smoking was developed by studying 74 subjects with a mean age of 25 years and average use history of 9 years. Horizontal gaze nystagmus was evaluated along with subject self-assessments of impairment, and blood and breath samples were collected before and after smoking cannabis. Breath and blood pharmacokinetic parameters and cannabinoid profiles determined recent use within the impairment window. No subjects were positive for recent use pre-smoking, although all subjects had detectable cannabinoids in breath samples. We describe an inhaled cannabis recent use test that correlates with impairment and helps protect against wrongful prosecution and workplace discrimination.
EZH2 presents a therapeutic target for neuroendocrine tumors of the small intestine
Authors: Barazeghi Elham , Hellman Per , Norlén Olov , Westin Gunnar , Stålberg Peter 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSmall intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NETs) are slow-growing tumors that seem genetically quite stable without highly recurrent mutations, but are epigenetically dysregulated. In contrast to the undetectable expression of the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) histone methyltransferase in the enterochromaffin cells of the small intestine, we found high and differential expression of EZH2 in primary SI-NETs and corresponding metastases. Silencing EZH2 in the SI-NET cell line CNDT2.5 reduced cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. Furthermore, EZH2 knockout inhibited tumor progression in a CNDT2.5 SI-NET xenograft mouse model, and treatment of SI-NET cell lines CNDT2.5 and GOT1 with the EZH2-specific inhibitor CPI-1205 decreased cell viability and promoted apoptosis. Moreover, CPI-1205 treatment reduced migration capacity of CNDT2.5 cells. The EZH2 inhibitor GSK126 also repressed proliferation of CNDT2.5 cells. Recently, metformin has received wide attention as a therapeutic option in diverse cancers. In CNDT2.5 and GOT1 cells, metformin suppressed EZH2 expression, and inhibited cell proliferation. Exposure of GOT1 three-dimensional cell spheroids to CPI-1205 or metformin arrested cell proliferation and decreased spheroid size. These novel findings support a possible role of EZH2 as a candidate oncogene in SI-NETs, and suggest that CPI-1205 and metformin should be further evaluated as therapeutic options for patients with SI-NETs.
An efficient method to improve the quality of tetrahedron mesh with MFRC
Authors: Ma Yuzheng , Wang Monan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we proposed a novel operation to reconstruction tetrahedrons within a certain region, which we call MFRC (Multi-face reconstruction). During the existing tetrahedral mesh improvement methods, the flip operation is one of the very important components. However, due to the limited area affected by the flip, the improvement of the mesh quality by the flip operation is also very limited. The proposed MFRC algorithm solves this problem. MFRC can reconstruct the local mesh in a larger range and can find the optimal tetrahedron division in the target area within acceptable time complexity. Therefore, based on the MFRC algorithm, we combined other operations including smoothing, edge removal, face removal, and vertex insertion/deletion to develop an effective mesh quality improvement method. Numerical experiments of dozens of meshes show that the algorithm can effectively improve the low-quality elements in the tetrahedral mesh, and can effectively reduce the running time, which has important significance for the quality improvement of large-scale mesh.
The effect of pupil transmittance on axial resolution of reflection phase microscopy
Authors: Hyeon Min Gyu , Park Kwanjun , Yang Taeseok Daniel , Kong Taedong , Kim Beop-Min , Choi Youngwoon 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA reflection phase microscope (RPM) can be equipped with the capability of depth selection by employing a gating mechanism. However, it is difficult to achieve an axial resolution close to the diffraction limit in real implementation. Here, we systematically investigated the uneven interference contrast produced by pupil transmittance of the objective lens and found that it was the main cause of the practical limit that prevents the axial resolution from reaching its diffraction limit. Then we modulated the power of illumination light to obtain a uniform interference contrast over the entire pupil. Consequently, we could achieve an axial resolution fairly close to the diffraction limit set by the experimental conditions.
Reduction in femoral neck and total hip bone mineral density following hospitalisation for diabetes-related foot ulceration
Authors: Nejatian Marcel M. , Sobhi Salar , Sanchez Blake N. , Linn Kathryn , Manning Laurens , Soh Shuen-Chyn , Hiew Jonathan , Ritter J. Carsten , Yeap Bu B. , Hamilton Emma J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractManagement of diabetes-related foot ulceration (DFU) includes pressure offloading resulting in a period of reduced activity. The metabolic effects of this are unknown. This study aims to investigate changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition 12 weeks after hospitalisation for DFU. A longitudinal, prospective, observational study of 22 people hospitalised for DFU was conducted. Total body, lumbar spine, hip and forearm BMD, and total lean and fat mass were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) during and 12 weeks after hospitalisation for DFU. Significant losses in total hip BMD of the ipsilateral limb (− 1.7%, p < 0.001), total hip BMD of the contralateral limb (− 1.4%, p = 0.005), femoral neck BMD of the ipsilateral limb (− 2.8%, p < 0.001) and femoral neck BMD of the contralateral limb (− 2.2%, p = 0.008) were observed after 12 weeks. Lumbar spine and forearm BMD were unchanged. HbA1c improved from 75 mmol/mol (9.2%) to 64 mmol/mol (8.0%) (p = 0.002). No significant changes to lean and fat mass were demonstrated. Total hip and femoral neck BMD decreased bilaterally 12 weeks after hospitalisation for DFU. Future research is required to confirm the persistence and clinical implications of these losses.
Ancient visual channels have a causal role in arithmetic calculations
Authors: Saban William , Sklar Asael Y. , Hassin Ran R. , Gabay Shai 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHumans exhibit complex arithmetic skills, often attributed to our exceptionally large neocortex. However, the past decade has provided ample evidence that the functional domain of the subcortex extends well beyond basic functions. Using a sensitive behavioral method, for the first time, we explored the contributions of lower-order visual monocular channels to symbolic arithmetic operations, addition and subtraction. The pattern of results from 4 different experiments provides converging evidence for a causal relation between mental arithmetic and primitive subcortical regions. The results have major implications for our understanding of the neuroevolutionary development of general numerical abilities–subcortical regions, which are shared across different species, are essential to complex numerical operations. In a bigger conceptual framework, these findings and others call for a shift from the modal view of the exclusive role of the neocortex in high-level cognition to a view that emphasizes the interplay between subcortical and cortical brain networks.
Dynamic models of stress-smoking responses based on high-frequency sensor data
Authors: Hojjatinia Sahar , Daly Elyse R. , Hnat Timothy , Hossain Syed Monowar , Kumar Santosh , Lagoa Constantino M. , Nahum-Shani Inbal , Samiei Shahin Alan , Spring Bonnie , Conroy David E. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSelf-reports indicate that stress increases the risk for smoking; however, intensive data from sensors can provide a more nuanced understanding of stress in the moments leading up to and following smoking events. Identifying personalized dynamical models of stress-smoking responses can improve characterizations of smoking responses following stress, but techniques used to identify these models require intensive longitudinal data. This study leveraged advances in wearable sensing technology and digital markers of stress and smoking to identify person-specific models of stress and smoking system dynamics by considering stress immediately before, during, and after smoking events. Adult smokers (n = 45) wore the AutoSense chestband (respiration-inductive plethysmograph, electrocardiogram, accelerometer) with MotionSense (accelerometers, gyroscopes) on each wrist for three days prior to a quit attempt. The odds of minute-level smoking events were regressed on minute-level stress probabilities to identify person-specific dynamic models of smoking responses to stress. Simulated pulse responses to a continuous stress episode revealed a consistent pattern of increased odds of smoking either shortly after the beginning of the simulated stress episode or with a delay, for all participants. This pattern is followed by a dramatic reduction in the probability of smoking thereafter, for about half of the participants (49%). Sensor-detected stress probabilities indicate a vulnerability for smoking that may be used as a tailoring variable for just-in-time interventions to support quit attempts.
Vibrational spectroscopy analysis of ligand efficacy in human M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M2R)
Authors: Katayama Kota , Suzuki Kohei , Suno Ryoji , Kise Ryoji , Tsujimoto Hirokazu , Iwata So , Inoue Asuka , Kobayashi Takuya , Kandori Hideki 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe intrinsic efficacy of ligand binding to G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) reflects the ability of the ligand to differentially activate its receptor to cause a physiological effect. Here we use attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy to examine the ligand-dependent conformational changes in the human M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M2R). We show that different ligands affect conformational alteration appearing at the C=O stretch of amide-I band in M2R. Notably, ATR-FTIR signals strongly correlated with G-protein activation levels in cells. Together, we propose that amide-I band serves as an infrared probe to distinguish the ligand efficacy in M2R and paves the path to rationally design ligands with varied efficacy towards the target GPCR.
Observing light-induced Floquet band gaps in the longitudinal conductivity of graphene
Authors: Broers Lukas , Mathey Ludwig 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFloquet engineering presents a versatile method of dynamically controlling material properties. The light-induced Floquet-Bloch bands of graphene feature band gaps, which have not yet been observed directly. We propose optical longitudinal conductivity as a realistic observable to detect light-induced Floquet band gaps in graphene. These gaps manifest as resonant features in the conductivity, when resolved with respect to the probing frequency and the driving field strength. The electron distribution follows the light-induced Floquet-Bloch bands, resulting in a natural interpretation as occupations of these bands. Furthermore, we show that there are population inversions of the Floquet-Bloch bands at the band gaps for sufficiently strong driving field strengths. This strongly reduces the conductivity at the corresponding frequencies. Therefore our proposal puts forth not only an unambiguous demonstration of light-induced Floquet-Bloch bands, which advances the field of Floquet engineering in solids, but also points out the control of transport properties via light, that derives from the electron distribution on these bands.
Interlayer hydrogen bond-assisted poly(perylene diimide) photocatalysts to improve the oxygen evolution under visible light
Authors: Feng Shufan , Wang Zhiqiang , Xu Huihui , Li Sifan , Gong Xueqing , Hua Jianli 
Published: November 2021

The interlayer hydrogen bond-assisted poly(PDI) photocatalyst BU-PDI exhibits the highest oxygen evolution rate of 46.8 μmol h−1 under visible-light irradiation because its huge built-in electric field improves the charge separation and migration.
Data‐driven flight time prediction for arrival aircraft within the terminal area
Authors: Zhang Junfeng , Peng Zihan , Yang Chunwei , Wang Bin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPredicting the arrival aircraft's flight time plays a critical role in effectively optimizing and scheduling spatial‐temporal resources in the terminal airspace. This paper focuses on a data‐driven method for predicting the arrival flight time. First, based on the existing research, a feature set is constructed from four aspects: initial state, arrival pressure, sequencing pressure, and wind information, which are believed to affect arrival flight time significantly. Second, eight widely used models are developed to predict flight time, including linear regression models, nonlinear regression models, and tree‐based ensemble models. Furthermore, the stacking technique is adopted to improve the prediction performance. Finally, take Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport as a study case to verify the proposed method's effectiveness. The results indicate that the arrival pressure (describing the arrival traffic demand) and the sequencing pressure (sketching the arrival traffic distribution) could effectively improve the prediction accuracy. The mean absolute percentage error of the predicted flight time via ATAGA and IGONO can be increased by 1%. Besides, the proposed method of extracting wind data could also improve the prediction performance. The mean absolute error of the predicted flight time via GYA can be reduced by 4.85 s.
Equal weighted cost function based weighting factor tuning method for model predictive control in power converters
Authors: Guler Naki , Bayhan Sertac , Komurcugil Hasan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAn equal‐weighted cost function‐based weighting factor tuning method for model predictive control (MPC) in power converters is presented here. In conventional MPC methods developed for power converters, the use of weighting factors is a necessity to determine the importance of sub‐terms in multi‐objective cost functions. The proposed method is based on equalizing the importance of cost terms by using normalized values rather than the actual values. As a consequence of normalized values, all sub‐terms are transformed into a similar range independent from their actual values. Hence, the weights of cost terms are equalized, leading to the elimination of weighting factor tuning necessity. The proposed equal‐weighted cost function not only offers simplicity in the MPC design but also guarantees the desired controller performance with the dynamically weighted sub‐terms. The proposed control method is validated on a grid‐connected single‐phase three‐level T‐type inverter. Experimental results are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method under steady‐state and dynamic conditions. Moreover, the comparative results with the conventional MPC are presented. The results reveal that the proposed approach exhibits excellent performance against the variations in the operating point of the inverter.
Risk Factors for Anastomotic Leak, Consideration for Proximal Diversion, and Appropriate Use of Drains
Authors: Favuzza Joanne 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAnastomotic leaks are a major source of morbidity after colorectal surgery. There is a myriad of risk factors that may contribute to anastomotic leaks. These risk factors can be categorized as modifiable, nonmodifiable, and intraoperative factors. Identification of these risk factors allows for preoperative optimization that may minimize the risk of anastomotic leak. Knowledge of such high-risk features may also affect intraoperative decision-making regarding the creation of an anastomosis, consideration for proximal diversion, or placement of a drain. A thorough understanding of the interplay between risk factors, indications for proximal diversion, and utility of drain placement is imperative for colorectal surgeons.
Should the Globus Pallidus Targeting Be Refined in Dystonia?
Authors: da Silva Lapa Jorge Dornellys , Godinho Fábio Luiz Franceschi , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen , Listik Clarice , Iglesio Ricardo Ferrareto , Duarte Kleber Paiva , Cury Rubens Gisbert 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background and Study Aims Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the globus pallidus internus (GPi) is a highly effective therapy for primary generalized and focal dystonias, but therapeutic success is compromised by a nonresponder rate of up to 20%. Variability in electrode placement and in tissue stimulated inside the GPi may explain in part different outcomes among patients. Refinement of the target within the pallidal area could be helpful for surgery planning and clinical outcomes. The objective of this study was to discuss current and potential methodological (somatotopy, neuroimaging, and neurophysiology) aspects that might assist neurosurgical targeting of the GPi, aiming to treat generalized or focal dystonia.
Methods We selected published studies by searching electronic databases and scanning the reference lists for articles that examined the anatomical and electrophysiologic aspects of the GPi in patients with idiopathic/inherited dystonia who underwent functional neurosurgical procedures.
Results The sensorimotor sector of the GPi was the best target to treat dystonic symptoms, and was localized at its lateral posteroventral portion. The effective volume of tissue activated (VTA) to treat dystonia had a mean volume of 153 mm3 in the posterior GPi area. Initial tractography studies evaluated the close relation between the electrode localization and pallidothalamic tract to control dystonic symptoms.Regarding the somatotopy, the more ventral, lateral, and posterior areas of the GPi are associated with orofacial and cervical representation. In contrast, the more dorsal, medial, and anterior areas are associated with the lower limbs; between those areas, there is the representation of the upper limb. Excessive pallidal synchronization has a peak at the theta band of 3 to 8 Hz, which might be responsible for generating dystonic symptoms.
Conclusions Somatotopy assessment of posteroventral GPi contributes to target-specific GPi sectors related to segmental body symptoms. Tractography delineates GPi output pathways that might guide electrode implants, and electrophysiology might assist in pointing out areas of excessive theta synchronization. Finally, the identification of oscillatory electrophysiologic features that correlate with symptoms might enable closed-loop approaches in the future.
Prognosis and Clinical Results after Coronary Artery Bypass Operation in Young Patients Aged <45 Years: Chances and Limitations of a New Therapy Option
Authors: Wittlinger Thomas , Schramm René , Bleiziffer Sabine , Rudolph Volker , Gummert Jan Fritz , Deutsch Marcus-André 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCoronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the recommended type of revascularization procedure in patients with left main or three-vessel disease and is considered an alternative when percutaneous coronary intervention is not feasible. We evaluated registry data to obtain long-term outcome data.All patients ≤45 years in whom CABG was performed between 2009 and 2019 were selected from the Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, Germany. Cox regression analysis was applied to estimate the incidence risk of events after surgery.A total of 209 patients (81.8% male) were included. Mean (standard deviation) follow-up duration was 5.8 (3.1) years. The combined outcome of death, stroke, myocardial infarction, or repeated revascularization occurred in 31 patients (14.8%). Estimated mean time to event was 8.5 (standard error: 0.22) years. By the end of the follow-up period, 8 patients (3.8%) had died, among whom 2 (1.0%) died within 1 month after surgery, 1 (0.5%) within 1 year, 1 (0.5%) within 2 years, and 4 (1.9%) after 2 years.Risk factors independently associated with postsurgery events were angina pectoris CCS (Canadian Cardiovascular Society) class IV (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 4.954; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.322–18.563; p = 0.018) and STS (Society of Thoracic Surgeons) score (adjusted HR: 1.152 per scoring point; 95% CI: 1.040–1.276; p = 0.007).After performing CABG in patients ≤45 years, event-free long-term outcomes were observed in the majority of patients. Presence of angina pectoris CCS class IV and higher STS scores were independently associated with adverse postsurgery events.
Association of ABO Blood Grouping and Periodontal Disease: A Literature Review
Authors: Rehman Ghani Ur 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAlthough the correlation between the ABO blood group and certain systematic diseases is a well-documented fact. Few studies have explored the relationship of ABO with oral disorders including periodontal diseases (PD). This literature review aimed to assess the possible association between ABO blood grouping and PD. For this purpose, we searched online databases like PubMed and google scholar with the following terms in different combinations PD, ABO blood groups, gingivitis, the prevalence of periodontitis, aggressive periodontitis, risk factors of periodontitis, Association of PD and ABO, ABO Rh factor. English version papers describing the Oral health status are covered through research that includes clinical investigations, case studies, and retrospective studies on the subject. Historic reviews, articles with unpublished data, and letters to the editors were omitted from the survey following publications. The author thoroughly checked the titles and abstracts of the papers. The complete text was thoroughly assessed, and the relevant articles were analyzed in accordance with qualifying criteria. For further original and review research, references were further reviewed. Since our targeted subject was answered by a restricted number of original research. We identified fourteen articles describing the association of ABO blood types with PD. findings of our study concluded the genetic basis of the association of ABO blood types for the development of PD. six of the research provided here showed that the blood type O can serve as a prognostic factor for the development of PD. ABO blood types and Rhesus factors can be a risk predictors in the development of PD.