bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Femoro-patellar overstuffing in total knee replacement: assessment of functional implications
Authors: Abcha Oussama , Ammar Ameni , Daghfous Mohamed Samir 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Patellofemoral overstuffing is the situation in which the antero-posterior size of the patella and / or femur is increased after total knee arthroplasty. There is a debate in the literature as to whether or not patellofemoral joint overstuffing has a clinically significant effect on post-operative outcomes. Objectives: Our goal was to determine the influence of femoro-patellar overstuffing on the functional outcome of total knee arthroplasty. Methods: It was a retrospective study of 50 total knee arthtroplasty without Patellar resurfacing, with a minimum follow-up of 12 months. We retrospectively collected epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary data. We performed our measurements on standard knee X-ray preoperatively and postoperatively according to the Beldman method. We calculated trochlear overstuffing, condylar overstuffing and distal femoral overstuffing which is primary endpoint. We have considered significant femoropatellar overstuffing when it is more than 15%. We evaluated the functional repercussions of femoro-patellar overstuffing at follow-up, on pain, mobility and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index functional score (WOMAC). Results: This study shows that an increase in anterior femoral offset, posterior condylar offset and distal femroal diameter are associated with worse patient reported pain and function after total knee arthroplasty. Both Condylar and distal femoral overstuffing were statistically significant with all scores (P<0.05). Conclusion: we found that the overstuffed knees after total knee arthoplasty were more painful, stiffer and with lower physical function. Surgeon could take more care during the anterior and posterior femoral resection in order that the offset is not increased following implant insertion.
Failures and Complications with MPFL reconstruction: Our experience in 215 patients
Authors: Setia Piyush , Kotwal Rahul , Chandratreya Amit 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Chronic lateral patellar instability is one of the commonly seen clinical conditions encountered by knee surgeons. Medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction has become mainstay treatment over the last three decades. Upto 26% complication rates have been reported in literature with MPFL reconstruction. The purpose of this study is to analyse failure rates, complications of surgery for PF instability and to identify the predictive factors for failure. Methods: A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data was performed of all 215 (234 knees) patients who had undergone MPFL reconstruction between October 2007 and August 2018. All the cases with any postoperative complications or failures were included. A failure was defined by a postoperative patellar dislocation or surgical revision for recurrent patellar instability or anterior knee pain not resolving with conservative methods. Other complications such as stiffness, infection, neurological deficit and deep vein thrombosis were also included. Lysholm, Kujala, Tegner and radiographic features, such as trochlear dysplasia according to Dejour classification, patellar height with the Caton-Deschamps index (CDI), tibial tubercle-trochlear groove distance were analysed pre and post operatively. Results: Ten patients (4.27%) had a revision of MPFL reconstruction, seven patients (3%) had removal of their metal work. Post-operative stiffness was in only three patients (1.28%) and required manipulation under anesthesia. Six patients (2.56%) had patellofemoral replacement over time while three patients had arthroscopic debridement for cartilage related pathology. There was also one case each of femoral nerve palsy(related to the nerve block), post-operative deep infection, deep vein thrombosis?. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the only study recording the failures and complications of MPFL reconstruction on a large patient database. Age above 30, obesity, cartilage lesions, hyperlaxity and female gender are predictors of a poor subjective outcome. Identifying the potential risk factors preoperatively can prevent future complications.
A statistical measure for the skewness of X chromosome inactivation for quantitative traits and its application to the MCTFR data
Authors: Li Bao-Hui , Yu Wen-Yi , Zhou Ji-Yuan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
X chromosome inactivation (XCI) is that one of two chromosomes in mammalian females is silenced during early development of embryos. There has been a statistical measure for the degree of the skewness of XCI for qualitative traits. However, no method is available for such task at quantitative trait loci.

Results
In this article, we extend the existing statistical measure for the skewness of XCI for qualitative traits, and the likelihood ratio, Fieller’s and delta methods for constructing the corresponding confidence intervals, and make them accommodate quantitative traits. The proposed measure is a ratio of two linear regression coefficients when association exists. Noting that XCI may cause variance heterogeneity of the traits across different genotypes in females, we obtain the point estimate and confidence intervals of the measure by incorporating such information. The hypothesis testing of the proposed methods is also investigated. We conduct extensive simulation studies to assess the performance of the proposed methods. Simulation results demonstrate that the median of the point estimates of the measure is very close to the pre-specified true value. The likelihood ratio and Fieller’s methods control the size well, and have the similar test power and accurate coverage probability, which perform better than the delta method. So far, we are not aware of any association study for the X-chromosomal loci in the Minnesota Center for Twin and Family Research data. So, we apply our proposed methods to these data for their practical use and find that only the rs792959 locus, which is simultaneously associated with the illicit drug composite score and behavioral disinhibition composite score, may undergo XCI skewing. However, this needs to be confirmed by molecular genetics.

Conclusions
We recommend the Fieller’s method in practical use because it is a non-iterative procedure and has the similar performance to the likelihood ratio method.
Urinary tract infection by a rare pathogen Cedecea neteri in a pregnant female with Polyhydramnios: rare case report from UAE
Authors: Ahmad Hafiz , Masroor Talat , Parmar Satyam A. , Panigrahi Debadatta 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundCedecea neteriis a gram-negative, oxidase-negative bacillus, a rare pathogen. Few reports are emerging globally about its antimicrobial resistance pattern especially in immunocompromised individuals with comorbidities.Case presentationIn this paper, we report the first case ofC. netericausing urinary tract infection in a pregnant woman at a specialty care hospital in the Northern Emirates of Ras al Khaimah, UAE.Discussion and conclusionC. neteriis a rare and unusual pathogen, unlike routine gram-negative urinary tract pathogens from the family ofEnterobacteriaceaeand therefore may be missed or misidentified by routine laboratories using conventional microbiology identification techniques. Hence,Cedeceainfections may be under-reported. Physicians and microbiology technicians must be aware of such a rare pathogen, as most of the isolates are multi-drug-resistant and require combined antibiotic treatment with beta-lactamase inhibitors and hence pose a treatment challenge especially in immunocompromised patients with comorbidities. In recent years, it has been reported as an emerging opportunistic pathogen.
Ivermectin to prevent hospitalizations in patients with COVID-19 (IVERCOR-COVID19) a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Vallejos Julio , Zoni Rodrigo , Bangher María , Villamandos Silvina , Bobadilla Angelina , Plano Fabian , Campias Claudia , Chaparro Campias Evangelina , Medina Maria Fernanda , Achinelli Fernando , Guglielmone Hector Andres , Ojeda Jorge , Farizano Salazar Diego , Andino Gerardo , Kawerin Pablo , Dellamea Silvana , Aquino Antonia Cristina , Flores Victor , Martemucci Carolina N. , Martinez Silvina Maria , Segovia Juan Emanuel , Reynoso Paola Itati , Sosa Noelia Carolina , Robledo Mariana Elizabeth , Guarrochena Joaquina Maria , Vernengo Maria Mercedes , Ruiz Diaz Natalia , Meza Elba , Aguirre María Gabriela 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) has changed our lives. The scientific community has been investigating re-purposed treatments to prevent disease progression in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients.

Objective
To determine whether ivermectin treatment can prevent hospitalization in individuals with early COVID-19.
Design, setting and participants: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted in non-hospitalized individuals with COVID-19 in Corrientes, Argentina. Patients with SARS-CoV-2 positive nasal swabs were contacted within 48 h by telephone to invite them to participate. The trial randomized 501 patients between August 19th 2020 and February 22nd 2021.

Intervention
Patients were randomized to ivermectin (N = 250) or placebo (N = 251) arms in a staggered dose, according to the patient’s weight, for 2 days.

Main outcomes and measures
The efficacy of ivermectin to prevent hospitalizations was evaluated as primary outcome. We evaluated secondary outcomes in relationship to safety and other efficacy end points.

Results
The mean age was 42 years (SD ± 15.5) and the median time since symptom onset to the inclusion was 4 days [interquartile range 3–6]. The primary outcome of hospitalization was met in 14/250 (5.6%) individuals in ivermectin group and 21/251 (8.4%) in placebo group (odds ratio 0.65; 95% confidence interval, 0.32–1.31; p = 0.227). Time to hospitalization was not statistically different between groups. The mean time from study enrollment to invasive mechanical ventilatory support (MVS) was 5.25 days (SD ± 1.71) in ivermectin group and 10 days (SD ± 2) in placebo group, (p = 0.019). There were no statistically significant differences in the other secondary outcomes including polymerase chain reaction test negativity and safety outcomes.

Limitations
Low percentage of hospitalization events, dose of ivermectin and not including only high-risk population.

Conclusion
Ivermectin had no significant effect on preventing hospitalization of patients with COVID-19. Patients who received ivermectin required invasive MVS earlier in their treatment. No significant differences were observed in any of the other secondary outcomes.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04529525.
Comprehensive analysis of diabetic nephropathy expression profile based on weighted gene co-expression network analysis algorithm
Authors: Gholaminejad Alieh , Fathalipour Mohammad , Roointan Amir 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the major complication of diabetes mellitus, and leading cause of end-stage renal disease. The underlying molecular mechanism of DN is not yet completely clear. The aim of this study was to analyze a DN microarray dataset using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) algorithm for better understanding of DN pathogenesis and exploring key genes in the disease progression.

Methods
The identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in DN dataset GSE47183 were introduced to WGCNA algorithm to construct co-expression modules. STRING database was used for construction of Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks of the genes in all modules and the hub genes were identified considering both the degree centrality in the PPI networks and the ranked lists of weighted networks. Gene ontology and Reactome pathway enrichment analyses were performed on each module to understand their involvement in the biological processes and pathways. Following validation of the hub genes in another DN dataset (GSE96804), their up-stream regulators, including microRNAs and transcription factors were predicted and a regulatory network comprising of all these molecules was constructed.

Results
After normalization and analysis of the dataset, 2475 significant DEGs were identified and clustered into six different co-expression modules by WGCNA algorithm. Then, DEGs of each module were subjected to functional enrichment analyses and PPI network constructions. Metabolic processes, cell cycle control, and apoptosis were among the top enriched terms. In the next step, 23 hub genes were identified among the modules in genes and five of them, including FN1, SLC2A2, FABP1, EHHADH and PIPOX were validated in another DN dataset. In the regulatory network, FN1 was the most affected hub gene and mir-27a and REAL were recognized as two main upstream-regulators of the hub genes.

Conclusions
The identified hub genes from the hearts of co-expression modules could widen our understanding of the DN development and might be of targets of future investigations, exploring their therapeutic potentials for treatment of this complicated disease.
When birth is not as expected: a systematic review of the impact of a mismatch between expectations and experiences
Authors: Webb Rebecca , Ayers Susan , Bogaerts Annick , Jeličić Ljiljana , Pawlicka Paulina , Van Haeken Sarah , Uddin Nazihah , Xuereb Rita Borg , Kolesnikova Natalija ,   COST action CA18211:DEVoTION team, Ayers Susan , Bogaerts Annick , Xuereb Rita Borg , Jeličić Ljiljana , Pawlicka Paulina , Soares Isabel , Sovilj Mirjana , Ventura Stef Savona 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Pregnancy and childbirth are significant events in women’s lives and most women have expectations or plans for how they hope their labour and birth will go. It is possible that strong expectations about labour and birth lead to dissatisfaction or other negative outcomes if these expectations are not met, but it is not clear if this is the case. The aim was therefore to synthesise prospective studies in order to understand whether unmet birth expectations are associated with adverse outcomes for women, their partners and their infants.

Method
Searches were carried out in Academic Search Complete; CINAHL; Medline; PsycINFO, PsychArticles, PubMed, SCOPUS and Web of Science. Forward and backward searches were also completed. Studies were included if they reported prospective empirical research that examined the association between a mismatch in birth expectations/experience and postnatal outcomes in women, their children and/or their partners. Data were synthesised qualitatively using a narrative approach where study characteristics, context and methodological quality were extracted and summarised and then the differences and similarities among studies were used to draw conclusions.

Results
Eleven quantitative studies were identified for inclusion from nine countries. A mismatch between birth expectations and experiences was associated with reduced birth satisfaction. Three studies found a link between a mismatch and the development of postnatal post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The evidence was inconsistent for postnatal depression, and fear of childbirth. Only one study looked at physical outcomes in the form of health-related quality of life.

Conclusions
A mismatch between birth expectations and experiences is associated with birth satisfaction and it may increase the risk of developing postnatal PTSD. However, it is not clear whether a mismatch is associated with other postnatal mental health conditions. Further prospective research is needed to examine gaps in knowledge and provide standardised methods of measuring childbirth expectations-experiences mismatch. To ensure women’s expectations are met, and therefore experience a satisfying birth experience, maternity providers should provide sensitive care, which acknowledges women’s needs and preferences, is based on open and clear communication, is delivered as early in pregnancy as possible, and enables women to make their own decisions about care.

Trial registration
Protocol registration: PROSPERO CRD42020191081.
Mental health consequences of long-term stays in refugee camps: preliminary evidence from Moria
Authors: van de Wiel Willemine , Castillo-Laborde Carla , Francisco Urzúa I. , Fish Michelle , Scholte Willem F. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Ever since the implementation of the EU-Turkey deal, most refugees that enter Greece via sea are confined to the island on which they arrive until their asylum claims are adjudicated, where they generally reside in camps. Some of these camps have detention-like characteristics and dire living conditions, such as Moria camp on the island of Lesbos, Greece. Aid-organizations have stated that the situation in camp Moria deteriorates the mental health of its inhabitants and there is qualitative evidence to support this. This study explores the quantitative relationship between the incidence of acute mental health crises and the length of stay in the camp.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted using routinely collected data on 856 consultations of 634 different patients during 90 nights at an emergency clinic in Moria camp. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore whether the length of stay in the camp was predictive of the occurrence of an acute mental health crisis.

Results
Of the 634 patients, the majority were men (59·3%), the average age was 23·2 years [0–71], and 24·3% was < 18 years. 25·5% (n = 218) of consultations were related to mental health problems; 17·0% (n = 37) of these met the study’s case definition of an acute mental health crisis. Such crises were positively associated with the length of stay in the camp (p = 0·011); the odds ratio of a mental health crisis increases with 1·03 for every 10% increase in days of residence in the camp. This is notable when considering the average length of stay in the camp is 71 days.

Conclusion
This study offers quantitative support for the notion that the adverse conditions in Moria camp deteriorate the mental health of its inhabitants as suggested in qualitative research. Although this study does not provide evidence of causality, it is likely that the poor and unsafe living conditions, challenging refugee determination procedures, and a lack of mental health services in the camp are significant contributing factors. We urgently call for Europe’s policymakers to honour the ‘51 Geneva refugee convention and terminate the neglectful situation on the Greek archipelago.
Mortality in homeless people enrolled in the French housing first randomized controlled trial: a secondary outcome analysis of predictors and causes of death
Authors: Tinland Aurélie , Loubiere Sandrine , Cantiello Matthieu , Boucekine Mohamed , Girard Vincent , Taylor Owen , Auquier Pascal 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Homeless people face large excess mortality in comparison with the general population, but little is known about the effect of housing interventions like Housing First (HF) on their mortality.

Aims of the study
1) to explore 2-years mortality among homeless people with severe mental illness (SMI) included in French HF randomized controlled trial (RCT). 2) To examine causes of death among homeless participants.

Methods
For 703 participants of HF RCT: 353 in experimental group (HF) and 350 in control group (Treatment As Usual - TAU), any proof of life or death and causes of death were collected with a thorough retrospective investigation among relatives, institutions and administrative databases. Data collection took place from March to June 2017.

Results
4.8% (n = 34) of the study participants died over the study period. Mean age of death was 40.9 (+/− 11.4) years. The overall 2-years mortality rate was 0.065 in the HF group (n = 23) versus 0.034 in the TAU group (n = 11). Mortality was associated with medications for opioid use disorder in multivariate Cox analysis (HR: 2.37, 95%CI 1.15–5.04, p = 0.025). Those in HF group seem to be more at risk of death compared to TAU group, mainly during the first 6 months of being housed, although the difference did not reach significance (HR: 0.49, 95%CI 0.24–1.01, p = 0.054). Violent deaths occurred in 52.2% of HF group’s deaths versus 18.2% of TAU group’s deaths, this excess being explained by 34.8% (n = 8) deaths by overdoses in HF group versus none in TAU group.

Limitations
1) 8.7% (n = 2) people in HF group died before HF intervention but were analyzed in intention-to-treat. 2) No proof of life or death has been found for only 0.6% in HF group (n = 2) but for 9.5% people in TAU group (n = 33) that could be anonymous deaths. 3) Undetermined causes represented 8.7% of deaths in HF group versus 36.4% in TAU group. 4) The small number of events (deaths) in the study population is a limitation for statistical analysis.

Conclusions
Due to important limitations, we cannot conclude on HF effect on mortality, but our results nevertheless confirm that the vulnerability of long-term homeless people with SMI persists after accessing independent housing. Earlier intervention in the pathways of homelessness should be considered, alongside active specific support for addictions.

Trial registration
Ethics Committee Sud Mediterrannée V n° 11.050: trial number 2011-A00668–33: 28/07/2011. Clinicaltrials ID NCT01570712: 4/4/2012.
The mediating role of unhealthy behavior in the relationship between shift work and perceived health
Authors: Proper Karin I. , Jaarsma Eva , Robroek Suzan J. W. , Schram Jolinda L. D. , Boshuizen Hendriek , Picavet H. Susan J. , Verschuren W. M. Monique , van Oostrom Sandra H. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Little is known about the relationship between shift work and perceived health, including potential underlying mechanisms such as unhealthy behaviors. The aim of this study was to investigate whether unhealthy behaviors mediate the relationship between shift work and perceived mental and physical health, taking into account potential differences by level of education.

Methods
Data from 1633 workers participating in the Doetinchem Cohort Study during 1995–2016 were used. Being engaged in shift work was determined at 1 year preceding the assessment of health behaviors. Mental and physical health were assessed after 5 years of follow-up by the 5-item Mental Health Inventory and the physical functioning scale of the 36-item Short Form Health Survey. Smoking, physical inactivity, alcohol consumption, and overweight were considered as potential mediators and education was treated as moderator. Moderated mediation analyses using generalized estimated equations were performed.

Results
Shift work was not statistically significantly related to either mental or physical health. Despite this, statistically significant mediation effects of smoking (Beta − 0.09; 95% Confidence Interval − 0.20 - -0.01, respectively B -0.09; 95%CI -0.21 - -0.01) and physical inactivity (B 0.11; 95%CI 0.03–0.23, respectively B 0.08; 95%CI 0.01–0.18) were found in the relationship between shift work and mental or physical health. Direct and indirect effects outweighed each other in the relationship between shift work and mental health, since the direction of these effects was opposite. The relationship between shift work, unhealthy behavior, and health was not different by educational level.

Conclusion
Shift workers did not report lower mental or physical health than non-shift workers. Though mediation effects of unhealthy behavior were observed in the relationship between shift work and perceived health, these small effects had minor public health relevance.