bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engaging students in and with good academic work
Authors: Baume David 
Published: March 2021

AbstractÃÂ It is proposed that efforts to enhance student engagement should focus attention on student engagement with good academic/professional/vocational work; hereafter, for simplicity, Ã¢â¬Ëgood workÃ¢â¬â¢. Three main reasons are advanced for this proposition. First: engaging with good work can provide a strong and clear motivation and goal for students who want to become competent or expert in a discipline, profession or vocation. Ã¢â¬ËEngaging withÃ¢â¬â¢ here carries two hugely overlapping meanings; consuming (which includes, but is not limited to, reading, observing, critiquing, exploring, discussing and analyzing) and producing. Second: any programme, any module, any suggested student learning activity, any proposed teaching method, can be tested by answering the question Ã¢â¬ËWill it clearly and directly help the student to engage with, to consume and/or produce, good work?Ã¢â¬â¢ And third: in engaging with good work, the student is always clear about the point and purpose of what they are doing Ã¢â¬â to identify the qualities of good work, to critique work against these qualities, and to produce good work. ÃÂ
Simulating practice to enhance learning for 14-16 year old Health and Social Care students
Authors: Murrell Karen Anne 
Published: March 2021

This paper will present an evaluation of the use of simulated practice in the education of 14-15 year old students who are interested in pursuing a career in health care.Currently there is much emphasis on the recruitment and retention of the best available candidates into the health and social professions. However, ensuring that prospective students have a full understanding of the professional and educational requirements of their chosen career is an ongoing challenge. Using simulation in healthcare education provides an opportunity to practise skills and consider professional issues in a risk-free learning environment that closely resembles the realities of practice.A simulated practice session was developed and piloted with a group of students who were undertaking the first year of the Diploma in Health and Social Care. The simulation session entitled 'Edith's rights' addressed many aspects of practice that were integral to the curriculum. This included: infection control; health and safety in clinical setting; privacy and dignity; nutritional assessment; physical care needs and communication skills. Students confidence and perception of ability to apply theory to practice related to practice were assessed prior to and after the simulation session. Data was also collected following the simulation session about the quality of the learning experience. Analysis of the data demonstrated that simulation can support preparation for practice and assist in the application of theory to practice. Students reported that using simulation in this way had given them a clearer idea of the professional role and educational challenges of the career that they were about to embark on. These findings will have implications for health and social care educators who are considering or using simulation to prepare students for entering a health care career.
Investigation of the relevance of the notion of a threshold concept within generic learning development work
Authors: Edwards Carol 
Published: March 2021

Since the term 'threshold concept' was applied within economics (Meyer and Land, 2003), its relevance has been demonstrated within disciplines ranging from biology (Taylor, 2006); to communication, culture, and media (Cousin, 2006); accounting (Lucas and Mladenovic, 2006); and philosophy (Booth, 2006). Grasping a threshold concept has been described as 'opening up a new and previously inaccessible way of thinking about something' and gaining 'a transformed internal view of subject matter, subject landscape, or even world view' (Meyer and Land, 20061, p.3).In previous issues of this journal, Rust (2009) and Cousin (2010) have proposed that, by highlighting the relevance of threshold concepts within the course content of academic disciplines, we can support learning development work by academics within their departments. Cousin (2010) suggests that our acknowledgement of this particular contribution that academics can make to learning development work, may pave the way for more collaborative relationships between learning developers and academics. If threshold concepts are of such widespread relevance, and can be such powerful learning tools, it would be a shame if their potential were to be explored solely within academic disciplines. This article therefore swivels the spotlight back onto the field of generic learning development, and investigates the relevance of the notion of a threshold concept to study skills development across, rather than solely within, the academic disciplines.
TMI - Too Much Information: Creating Employability Skills Resources - enabling students to develop an effective interface with a client
Authors: Hill Anne , Spencer Simon , Bartholomew Nicola 
Published: March 2021

Employers from a range of disciplines have commented on the problem of weaning graduates from the behaviours instilled in them by the typical assessment process. When asked to give advice, information is usually correct but too often goes beyond what is needed by the client, thus giving the client TMI - too much information. As part of a project examining a range of employability skills a resource has been created to address this particular issue, which comprises audiovisual files illustrating four different contexts (housing, health, IT and education) with accompanying teaching notes. Students are encouraged to put themselves in the place of the client and recognise the difference between being told the 'textbook' response and receiving relevant advice. This paper examines the creation of the resources and evaluates the perceived value of their use in the classroom.
Intraparotid Facial Nerve Schwannoma: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Topuz Muhammet Fatih , Genç Ömer , Kadioglu Nilufer , Osma Üstün 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Schwannoma is a benign, asymptomatic, solitary, and encapsulated tumor that grows slowly from peripheral, autonomic, or cranial nerve sheaths. The origin of the schwannomas in the facial nerve is rare and they tend to occur in the intratemporal part of the nerve. An intraparotid facial nerve schwannoma is usually a painless, slow-growing mass like the other benign parotid tumors. In this case report, we will discuss the clinical presentation, management, and outcome of two patients with intraparotid facial nerve schwannoma.
How to cite this article: Topuz MF, Genç O, Kadioglu N, et al. Intraparotid Facial Nerve Schwannoma: A Report of Two Cases. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2020;12(1):4–7.
miR-223 promotes cartilage differentiation
of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells
and protects against osteoarthritis by suppressing
NLRP-3 expression
Authors: Min Nan , Ma Jie , Shi Lei , Wang Lin , Liu Chi , Zhang Yaonan , Xue Qingyun 
Published: March 2021

IntroductionThe present investigation evaluates the role of miR-223 mimic in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) and postulates the possible molecular mechanism of its action.Material and methodsBone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were isolated from rats and cultured in chondrogenic medium to stimulate the differentiation of chondrocytes. Alcian blue staining was performed to determine the chondrogenic differentiation and expression of miR-223 in the BMSCs. Moreover, expression of NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP-3), matrix metallopeptidase-13 (MMP-13) and collagen (Col II) was determined in miR-223 mimic and inhibitor treated BMSCs. OA was induced by injecting anterior cruciate ligament transection in rats followed by further treatment with the miR-223 mimic for the period of the treatment protocol. Level and expression of inflammatory cytokines were estimated in the cartilage tissue of OA rats. Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis and histopathology study were also performed.ResultsData of the study reveal that expression of miR-223 was higher in chondrogenic differentiated BMSCs than normal. Expression of MMP-13 and NLRP-3 was lower, and expression of Col II was higher in miR-223 mimic treated BMSCs than normal. Moreover, data of the in-vivo study indicate that the expression level of cytokines was lower in the cartilage tissue of the miR-223 mimic treated group than the OA group. Treatment with the miR-223 mimic ameliorates the altered histopathology and expression of NLRP-3 in the cartilage tissue of OA rats.ConclusionsData of the study reveal that the miR-223 mimic enhances the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs by regulating the NLRP-3/IL-18/TGF-b pathway.
Diagnostic value of clinical deep tendon reflexes in diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Li Zhen-Fei , Niu Xiao-Li , Nie Ling-Ling , Chen Li-Ping , Cao Cui-Fang , Guo Li 
Published: March 2021

IntroductionThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of different tendon reflexes in detecting diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).Material and methodsAccording to the changes in tendon reflexes, all patients with diabetes were divided into three strata: impaired Achilles reflex only, impaired lower extremity reflexes, and impaired lower and upper extremity reflexes. Taking nerve conduction studies (NCS) as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive ability of the tendon reflexes of these three strata, as well as the Toronto clinical scoring system (TCSS) and Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI), were calculated. Then, the electrophysiological characteristics of diabetic patients with different tendon reflexes were analysed.ResultsAmong the 240 patients studied, 92 (38.3%) presented evidence of neuropathy, which was confirmed by abnormal NCS, while 148 (61.7%) had normal NCS results. Taking NCS as the gold standard, stratum 1 yielded a sensitivity and specificity of 93.5% and 54.7%, respectively, while stratum 3 had higher specificity (96.6%) and lower sensitivity (34.8%) when compared to stratum 1. However, stratum 2 had the highest specificity (75.7%).ConclusionsThe assessment of tendon reflexes can be proposed as a test for screening diabetic polyneuropathy.
Increased IL-1a expression is correlated with bladder cancer malignant progression
Authors: Yao Shi-Jie , Ma Hong-Shun , Liu Guang-Ming , Gao Yue , Wang Wei 
Published: March 2021

IntroductionTo explore the function of interleukin 1α (IL-1α) in bladder cancer (BCa).Material and methodsImmunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to test the protein expression of IL-1α in BCa tissues. The relationship between IL-1α and clinical characteristics was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier curve method. The gene and protein expression was tested by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-q-PCR) and western blot, respectively. Colony formation and MTT assays were used to detect the potential of proliferation in vitro, and scratch and transwell chamber assays were used to detect the potential of invasion in vitro. Markers of proliferation such as Ki-67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and markers of invasion such as MMP-2 and MMP-9 were detected by western blot. Xenograft study was used for the in vivo experiment.ResultsWe found that IL-1α was highly expressed in BCa patients while highly expressed IL-1α was significantly related to short overall survival and progression-free survival in BCa as well. Moreover, knockdown of IL-1α might inhibit the ability of cancer cells to proliferate and invade or migrate both in vitro and in vivo.ConclusionsOur findings suggested that IL-1α might be a therapy target for BCa malignant progression.
Expression of serum inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers and their correlation with coronary artery calcium score in patients with coronary heart disease
Authors: Yao Jia-Qi , Deng Zhuo-Jun , Fang Ming-Xing , Xiao Na , Huang Qing-Sheng , Han Yu , Wu Xuan , Ci Cai-Zhe , Chen Ke , Geng Xiao-Yong 
Published: March 2021

IntroductionThe present study was conducted to explore the expression of serum inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), with an attempt to analyze their relationship with the coronary artery calcium score (CACS) by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA).Material and methodsIt total 81 patients with coronary heart disease and 81 healthy adults were included as the observation group and the control group, respectively. The levels of serum interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-12 of the two groups were detected by ELISA, and serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) was detected by the hydroxylamine oxidation method. Micro-RNA-497-5p (miR-497-5p) was screened out as a possible new CHD biomarker and its serum level was measured by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The CACS of patients in the observation group was calculated by the Agatston method to analyze the correlation between the abovementioned indexes and CACS.ResultsWith increase in the number of CHD lesions, the levels of IL-6, IL-12 and miR-497-5p rose gradually while the level of SOD decreased gradually. In the observation group, IL-6, IL-12 and miR-497-5p were positively correlated with CACS while SOD was negatively correlated with CACS.ConclusionsAbnormal expression levels of serum IL-6, IL-12, SOD and miR-497-5p may be able to reveal the severity of the disease, and the combination with CACS is of potential value in terms of evaluating the condition of patients harboring coronary heart disease.
Ethnicity and other COVID-19 death risk factors in Mexico
Authors: Chiquete Erwin , Alegre-Díaz Jesus , Ochoa-Guzmán Ana , Toapanta-Yanchapaxi Liz Nicole , González-Carballo Carlos , Garcilazo-Ávila Adrián , Santacruz-Benitez Rogelio , Ramírez-Reyes Raúl , Wong-Chew Rosa María , Guerrero Guadalupe , Schmulson Max , Berumen Jaime , Sandoval-Rodríguez Valeria , Ruiz-Ruiz Eduardo , Cantú-Brito Carlos 
Published: March 2021

IntroductionPatients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may develop coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Risk factors associated with death vary among countries with different ethnic backgrounds. We aimed to describe the factors associated with death in Mexicans with confirmed COVID-19.Material and methodsWe analysed the Mexican Ministry of Health’s official database on people tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection by real-time reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (rtRT-PCR) of nasopharyngeal fluids. Bivariate analyses were performed to select characteristics potentially associated with death, to integrate a Cox-proportional hazards model.ResultsAs of May 18, 2020, a total of 177,133 persons (90,586 men and 86,551 women) in Mexico received rtRT-PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2. There were 5332 deaths among the 51,633 rtRT-PCR-confirmed cases (10.33%, 95% CI: 10.07–10.59%). The median time (interquartile range, IQR) from symptoms onset to death was nine days (5–13 days), and from hospital admission to death 4 days (2–8 days). The analysis by age groups revealed that the significant risk of death started gradually at the age of 40 years. Independent death risk factors were obesity, hypertension, male sex, indigenous ethnicity, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, immunosuppression, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, age > 40 years, and the need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Only 1959 (3.8%) cases received IVM, of whom 1893 were admitted to the intensive care unit (96.6% of those who received IMV).ConclusionsIn Mexico, highly prevalent chronic diseases are risk factors for death among persons with COVID-19. Indigenous ethnicity is a poorly studied factor that needs more investigation.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PENERIMAAN KAS DAN PENGELUARAN KAS TERHADAP PROFIT PT. RESTU KHAIRI PRATAMA (STUDI KASUS TAHUN 2016-2018)
Authors: Haqiqi Fauzan , Nanda Alkausar Raja , Ferawati  , Laily Azmia 
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh antara penerimaan kas dan pengeluaran kas terhadap profit secara parsial dan simultan PT. Restu Khairi Pratama. Jenis penelitian bersifat kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari laporan internal perusahaan. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah non-probability sampling yaitu teknik sampling dengan menggunakan pertimbangan khusus atau (purposive sampling) dengan menggunakan laporan yang diambil dari tahun 2016-2018. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode verifikasi dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Hasil uji t menunjukkan bahwa penerimaan kas tidak berpengaruh terhadap profit dibuktikan nilai t hitung sebesar 1.489 lebih kecil dari t table sebesar 1.692 dan signifikan sebesar 0.00 < dari tingkat signifikansi yang disyaratkan yaitu 0.05. hasil uji t menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengeluaran kas tidak berpengaruh terhadap profit. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai t hitung sebesar -809 lebih kecil dari t tabel sebesar 1.692 dan signifikansi yang disyaratkan yaitu 0.05. Secara simultan penerimaa kas dan pengeluaran kas terhadap profit tidak berpengaruh dibuktikan dengan nilai F hitung sebesar 1.127 lebih kecil dari pada F tabel sebesar 3.285 dan signifikansi sebesar 0.00 < dari tingkat signifikansi yang disyaratkan yaitu 0.05.
Analisis Nilai Tambah dan Pemasaran Kelapa di Desa Simau Kecamatan Galela Induk Kabupaten Halmahera Utara
Authors: Muhammad Munawir 
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis nilai tambah yang diperoleh petani dan menganalisis saluran pemasaran kelapa di Desa Simau Kecamatan Galela Induk Kabupaten Halmahera Utara. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis nilai tambah (Metode Hayami). Untuk menganalisis saluran pemasaran kopra di daerah penelitian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Perhitungan nilai tambah diperoleh keuntungan dalam pengolahan kelapa di Desa Simau adalah sebesar Rp 2.985 per kilo gram dengan tingkat keuntungan sebesar 54,2%. Dalam perhitungan nilai tambah juga berkaitan dengan balas jasa yang terdiri dari marjin, pendapatan tenaga kerja, sumbangan input lain dan keuntungan. Marjin merupakan selisih antara nilai output dengan harga input bahan baku adalah sebesar Rp 4.010 per kilogram. Saluran pemasaran kopra di daerah penelitian terdapat 1 saluran tataniaga, mulai dari produsen ke pedagang pengumpul hingga kepada konsumen. Saluran pemasaran ini memiliki tujuan yaitu mendistribusikan kopra sampai ke konsumen. Pada skema saluran pemasaran dapat dijelaskan bahwa Saluran pemasaran kelapa di daerah penelitian terdapat 2 saluran tataniaga, mulai dari produsen ke pedagang pengumpul dan pedagang pengumpul ke konsumen. Saluran pemasaran ini memiliki tujuan yaitu mendistribusikan kopra sampai ke konsumen. Pada skema saluran pemasaran dapat dijelaskan bahwa petani menjual kelapa ke pedagang pengumpul dan pedagang pengumpul kemudian mengolah kelapa menjadi kopra. Kemudian dijual ke konsumen (Pabrik).
Faktor Risiko Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 Pada Populasi Asia: A systematic Review
Authors: Salasa Rosfiah A. , Rahman Hamidah , Andiani Andiani 
Published: March 2021

Diabetes mellitus adalah penyakit kronis yang ditandai oleh hiperglikemia akibat gangguan produksi insulin, aksi insulin, atau keduanya. Diabetes melitus (DM) tipe 2 dikenal juga sebagai non-insulin dependent yaitu diabetes yang disebabkan oleh ketidakmampuan tubuh untuk secara efektif menggunakan insulin. Beberapa penelitian telah melaporkan bahwa faktor risiko terjadinya DM tipe 2 yaitu varian genetik (genetic varian), lingkungan (environment) dan oleh interaksi gen-lingkungan (gene-environment interaction). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendata dan mengetahui faktor risiko kejadian DM tipe 2 pada populasi Asia dengan menggunakan jenis penelitian kajian sistematik (systematic review). Publikasi yang dikaji berupa hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dari lembaga pengindeks Pubmed dengan batasan waktu publikasi 5 tahun terakhir. Dari hasil penelitian ini diperoleh sebanyak 561 artikel tentang faktor risiko DM tipe 2 pada populasi Asia yang kemudian disaring dan dieliminasi dengan beberapa alasan hingga diperoleh 72 artikel yang dinilai layak untuk dikaji. Dari hasil kajian ini diketahui bahwa faktor risiko DM tipe 2 pada populasi Asia secara garis besar yaitu karena varian genetik (genetic varian), faktor lingkungan (environment) dan adanya interaksi antara gen-lingkungan (gene-environment interaction). Terdapat 24 varian genetik yang dilaporkan pada populasi Asia sebagai gen yang rentan terhadap DM tipe 2. Terdapat pula beberapa faktor lingkungan sebagai faktor risiko DM tipe 2 antara lain gaya hidup (lifestyle) dan profil antropometri. Interaksi antara gen-lingkungan juga sebagai faktor risiko terjadinya DM tipe 2, sebagai contoh antara lain interaksi antara gen dengan obesitas dan interaksi antara gen dengan merokok. Secara keseluruhan hasil kajian sistematik ini bermanfaat untuk mengetahui faktor risiko kejadian DM tipe 2 yang dapat dimodifikasi sehingga pencegahan kejadian DM tipe 2 dapat dilakukan.
Pengaruh Pemberian Mulsa Alang-Alang dan Pupuk NPK Phonska Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum)
Authors: Assagaf Said AR. 
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus – November 2019 di Desa Namlea, dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pemberian musa alang-alang serta NPK Phonska berbagai takaran agar menghasilkan Hasil terbaik dari Tanaman Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari dua faktor yaitu faktor pemberian Mmulsa alang-alang dan faktor pemberian pupuk NPK ponska. Faktor pertama adalah mulsa (M) yang terdiri atas 3 taraf perlakuan yaitu M0 = Tanpa mulsa, M1 = Dengan ketebalan 2 cm, M2 = Dengan ketebalan 4 cm. Faktor kedua adalah pupuk Npk ponska (P) yang terdiri atas 4 taraf perlakuan yakni P0 = tanpa pupuk Npk (control), P1 = 200 Kg /Ha setara dengan 5 Gram/Tanaman, P2 = 300 Kg/Hasetara dengan 7,5 Garam/Tanaman. Hasil Penelitian di dapat bahwa pada pemberian mulsa alang dengan ketebalan 4 cm perpetak bepengaruh sangat nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman tomat. Pada Pemberian pupuk NPK Phonska dengan dosis 300 Kg/Ha setara dengan 7,5 Gram/Tanamanberpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman tomat. Interaksi antara mulsa alang dengan ketebalan 4 cm perpetak dan pupuk NPK Phonska dengan dosis P2 = 300 Kg/Ha setara dengan 7,5 Gram/Tanaman berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman tomat.