bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STRUKTUR DAN UNSUR KEBAHASAAN TEKS EKSPLANASI SISWA KELAS XI SMA NEGERI 2 BATANG ANAI
Authors: Sukayati Sukayati , Pramesti Utami Dewi 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT The Purpose of this study were. (1)to describe the use of explanatory the text structure of the student of class XI SMA Negeri 2 Batang Anai. (2) to describe the use of linguistic element in explanatory the text of the strudent of class XI SMA Negeri 2 Batang Anai. (3) to describe accuracy of element and structure of the explanatory text of the student of class XI SMA Negeri 2 Batang Anai. This type of research is qualitative using descriptive methods. Data from this study are the structure and linguistic element of the explanatory text. The data source used in this study a document. The document used is a collection of explanatory text of the student of class XI SMA Negeri 2 Batang Anai. The instrument in this study was the researcher himself. Kata kunci: Struktur, Unsur Kebahasaan, Teks Eksplanasi
KORELASI KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA APRESIATIF DENGAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS CERPEN SISWA KELAS XI MAN 3 PADANG
Authors: Saimah Tsani , Basri Irfani 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT This article is written to describe the correlation of the apreciprocative reading skills with the writing skills of the short-text student class XI MAN 3 Padang. This type of research is quantitative with descriptive methods and correlational design. This research sample amounted to 49 people. This research data is in the form of scores of apreciprocative reading skills tests and scores of test-writing skills for short-story text. The data, obtained through two types of tests, is an objective test to measure the test of apresiative reading skills and test performance to measure the writing skills of short story text. Based on data analysis and discussion, the following three things are concluded. First, the skill of reading the appreciative of class XI MAN students 3 Padang is in good qualification (78.81). Secondly, the writing skills of the text of the student's class XI MAN 3 Padang is in good qualification (81.04). Thirdly, there is a significant connection between the apresiative reading skills with the writing skills of the short-text short story at a significantly 95% level with dk = n-1. Based on the results of the research and analysis of data, it was concluded that there is a significant link between the reading skills of the appreciative with the writing skills of the text students of Class XI MAN 3 Padang because thitung > ttabel is 3.12 > 1.67. In other words, to write short story text is required apresiative reading skill.Kata kunci: Korelasi, Membaca, Menulis, Teks Cerpen
TEMA-TEMA DALAM ANTOLOGI TEKS CERPEN MAHASISWA ANGKATAN 2014 PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN BAHASA DAN SASTRA INDONESIA
Authors: Lasmini Yessi , Thahar Harris Effendi 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to describe and analyze the themes in the anthology of short story texts for students of the 2014 Indonesian Language and Literature Education Study Program. This type of research is qualitative research with descriptive methods. The approach used in this study is an objective approach. The data of this study are themes in the anthology of short stories of students in the 2014 Indonesian Language and Literature Education class in the form of words, sentences, and discourses. The technique of analyzing this research data, which collects data, is classified, then analyzed based on theory. The method used is descriptive method in accordance with the research objectives. Based on the results of the study, found the themes in the anthology of short stories students in the 2014 Indonesian Language and Literature Education class were found. First, data containing physical themes with indicators of adolescent love conflict. Second, data containing organic themes with indicators of sexual scandal conflict and betrayal of husband and wife. Third, data containing social themes with indicators of economic conflict, struggles in living life, love: friendship, parent-child, and crime (murder). Fourth, data that contains selfish themes: selfishness, character and attitude which are characteristic of inner conflict. Fifth, data containing several themes (main themes and additional themes) indicators are more than one meaning. Based on the results of the study, it is hoped that it can be applied to Indonesian language lessons in class XI SMA with short story text material. Kata Kunci: tema-tema, antologi teks cerpen
STRUKTUR DAN CIRI KEBAHASAAN TEKS LAPORAN HASIL OBSERVASI SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 12 SOLOK SELATAN
Authors: Tarida Elga , Tamsin Andria Catri , Zulfikarni Zulfikarni 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT This study aims to (1) describe the structure of the report text observation of the work of class VII SMP Negeri 12 Solok Selatan (2) illustrates the linguistic characteristics of the observation report text by class VII SMP Negeri 12 Solok Selatan. The results of this study are as follows. First, in writing the report text of observations of Grade VII students of class VII SMP Negeri 12 Solok Selatan, they have used the three text structures of the observation report results. The structure of the report's observational text is a general definition, section description, and description of benefits. This is evident from the 20 observational report texts that have been analyzed throughout the observation report text of class VII SMP Negeri 12 Solok Selatan complete using general definitions, section descriptions, and benefits descriptions. Second, in writing the report text of observations generally in class VII SMP Negeri 12 Solok Selatan have used the four text structures of the observation report. The Fourth linguistic characteristics of the text of the observation report are repetition, pronoun, conjunction, and description sentences. This is evident from the 20 text reports on observations that have been analyzed, there are 16 text reports on observations that are complete using the linguistic characteristics of repetition, pronouns, conjunctions, and sentence definitions. Kata Kunci: Struktur Teks, Ciri Kebahasaan, dan Teks Laporan Hasil Observasi
IMPLEMENTASI PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK DALAM MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI SMP NEGERI 1KOTO BALINGKA KABUPATEN PASAMAN BARAT
Authors: Kusnindra Hari , Atmazaki Atmazaki , Hafrison Mhd. 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTThis study aims to reveal three problems regarding the implementation of the scientific approach in Indonesian subjects Curriculum 2013. First, the application of the scientific approach. Secondly, there are obstacles in the implementation of learning. Third, the follow-up done by the teacher in overcoming the constraints of learning. This research was conducted with qualitative research using descriptive methods. Data collected in this study using the method of observation, documentation, and interviews. The data in this study were analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The subjects in this study were Indonesian language teachers at SMPN 1 Koto Balingka, West Pasaman Regency. The results showed that in learning activities using a scientific approach the teacher was doing well. In the learning process the teacher has explained the five stages of learning by using a scientific approach, starting from observing, holding, reasoning, trying, to communicating. The results of this study also show the results that there are still obstacles faced by teachers in the process of implementing learning, for example, constrained by supporting facilities and infrastructures in learning. In the learning process the teacher has done step 5 M and has a role as a facilitator so that students are actively involved in learning. In general, learning activities with a scientific approach have been going well, but there are still obstacles faced by teachers in their implementation. Kata Kunci: Implementasi, Pendekatan Saintifik, Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
KORELASI KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN DENGAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS DESKRIPSI SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 25 PADANG
Authors: Zikri Hasnuz , Hafrison Mhd. 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is three. First, it describes the writing skills of the description text of grade VII students of SMP Negeri 25 Padang. Second, describe the reading comprehension skills of the VII grade students of SMP Negeri 25 Padang. Third, analyze the correlation between reading comprehension and description text skills with the writing skills of the VII grade students of SMP Negeri 25 Padang. This type of research is quantitative research with descriptive methods. The design (design) in this study is correlational. By using simple random sampling technique, the sample in this study amounted to 48 students. The research instrument was an objective test to measure comprehension reading skills and performance tests to measure description writing skills. The conclusion of this research is thirteen. First, the description writing skills of grade VII students of SMP Negeri 25 Padang are in good qualifications. Second, reading comprehension text skills of the seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 25 Padang are in good qualifications. Third, there is a significant relationship between reading comprehension text description skills and writing text description of students in grade VII of SMP Negeri 25 Padang at n-1 degrees of freedom and a significant level of 95%. H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted because the test results prove that the value is greater than t table (2,468> 1.68). Kata Kunci : Korelasi, Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman, Keterampilan Menulis Teks Deskripsi
PENGARUH MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS EKSPOSISI SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 31 PADANG
Authors: Khatrin Khatrin , Abdurrahman Abdurrahman 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT The purpose of this research was to describe things as follow. First, describes the writing skills of the exposition text of grade VIII Junior High School 31 Padang before using the discovery learning model. Secondly, describes the writing skills of the exposition text of grade VIII Junior High School 31 Padang after using the discovery learning model. Third, analyze the effect of discovery learning models on the exposition writing skills of grade VIII studensts of Junior High School 31 Padang. The type of this research is quantitative research using experimental methods Based on the results of the study, can be concluded three things as follows. First, the writing skills of the exposition text of grade VIII students of Junior High School 31 Padang before using discovery learning model are in fair qualifications (61,59). Secondly, the writing skills of exposition text of grade VIII students of Junior High School 31 Padang after using discovery learning model are in good qualifications (78,26). Third, there is a significant influence in the use of discovery learning models on the exposition writing skills of grade VIII students of Junior High School 31 Padang, so it can be concluded that H1 is accepted in H0 is rejected because the test results prove that tcount is greater than ttable (2,04>1,70). Kata Kunci: Pengaruh, Model Discovery Learning, Menulis Teks Eksposisi
ANALISIS CIRI KEBAHASAAN DAN EJAAN SISWA KELAS VII SMP N 2 PADANG PANJANG
Authors: Oktafiazi Dina , Noveria Ena 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT This research aims to describe two things. First describes the feature of text fable students of Class VII SMP Negeri 2 Padang Panjang. Second, describe the spelling in the text fable the text of Class VII SMP Negeri 2 Padang Panjang. This type of research is qualitative research with a descriptive method. This research Data is the use of tasks in the text Fable class VII SMP Negeri 2 Padang Panjang. The data source in this study is fable text written in grade VII students. D SMP Negeri 2 Padang Panjang numbering 30 texts. Data is collected through documentation study methods or document utilization. The data analysis technique is done by five procedures. First, identify common elements of data. Secondly, it identifies the data based on the theory of reference. The identification of the data is done by creating the fable text and spelling characteristics identification format. Third, analyzing the data. Fourth, interpret the data that has been analyzed. Fifth, concludes the data description results by writing a report.Kata Kunci: Analisis, Ciri Kebahasaan dan Ejaan, Teks Fabel
Femorotibial joint kinematics in nine dogs treated with lateral suture stabilization for complete cranial cruciate ligament rupture
Authors: Tinga Selena , Kim Stanley E. , Banks Scott A. , Jones Stephen C. , Park Brian H. , Chapman Sara M. , Pozzi Antonio , Lewis Daniel D. 
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE
To quantify 3-D femorotibial joint kinematics during ambulation in dogs with cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) rupture treated with lateral fabellotibial suture stabilization (LFTS).

ANIMALS
9 adult dogs (body weight, 15 to 35 kg [33 to 77 lb]) with unilateral complete CCL rupture.

PROCEDURES
Digital 3-D bone models of the femur and fabellae and tibia and fibula were created from CT scans. Lateral fluoroscopic images of stifle joints were collected during treadmill walking before surgery and 6 months after LFTS. The LFTS was performed with nylon leader material secured with knots. Gait cycles were analyzed with a 3-D to 2-D image registration process. Femorotibial joint kinematics (craniocaudal translation, internal-external rotation, and flexion and extension angles) were compared among CCL-deficient stifle joints before LFTS, CCL-deficient stifle joints 6 months after LFTS, and unaffected contralateral (control) stifle joints. Owners and veterinarians subjectively assessed lameness by use of a visual analog scale and gait examination, respectively, at each time point.

RESULTS
At midstance phase, medial cranial tibial translation decreased from 9.3 mm before LFTS to 7.6 mm after LFTS but remained increased when compared with control stifle joint values. Following LFTS, axial rotation and stifle joint flexion and extension angles were not significantly different from control stifle joints. On the owner survey, the median walking lameness score improved from 9.3 of 10 before surgery to 0.3 after surgery. On gait examination, median walking lameness score improved from 2 of 4 before surgery to 0 after surgery.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Stifle joint instability was only slightly mitigated at 6 months following LFTS performed with knotted nylon leader material in medium to large dogs with CCL rupture, despite improvement in lameness.
Dreamtime: Version 5.0 of the Australian Guidelines for Preparing Submissions to the Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee (PBAC)
Authors: Langley Paul C 
Published: February 2021

In September 2016 the Australian Department of Health published Version 5.0 of the Guidelines for Preparing Submissions to the Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee (PBAC). These guidelines, which were first published for comment in 1990, set out how to prepare a submission to list a new medicine or medicinal product on the Pharmaceutical Benefits Schedule (PBS). The guidelines give instructions on the information required by the PBAC and the Economic Sub-Committee (ESC), the most appropriate form for presenting clinical evidence and the standards for an economic evaluation. The purpose of this commentary is to consider whether or not the evidence standards proposed and the consequent modeled claims for economic effectiveness meet the standards of normal science: are the claims presented to support PBS listing credible, evaluable and replicable. The review concludes that the PBAC guidelines do not meet the standards expected in normal science. The absence of empirically evaluable claims means there is no way of judging whether they are right or even if they are wrong. If the Guidelines were never intended to support experimentation and systematic observation to generate feedback to health system decision makers, then this should be made clear by the PBAC. If not, then consideration should be given to redrafting the guidelines to ensure they conform to these standards. Hopefully, future versions of the guidelines will address this issue and focus on a rigorous research program of claims assessment and feedback.

Type: Commentary
Introducing an Undergraduate Degree of Cosmetic Science and Formulation Design within a College of Pharmacy
Authors: Baki Gabriella , Borden Mary Jo , Peeters Michael J. 
Published: February 2021

As a unique and versatile undergraduate degree program, a Bachelor of Science in Pharmaceutical Sciences (BSPS) is offered by a number of colleges/schools of pharmacy. These provide a bachelor's degree concentrated in pharmaceutical sciences, and can be a non-Doctor of Pharmacy option, possibly before progressing to graduate degree studies. Recently implemented at the University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (UTCPPS), one such BSPS major is Cosmetic Science and Formulation Design. This new undergraduate major was created to serve the needs of the cosmetic and personal care industry, with a great need identified for well-trained new professionals with basic knowledge in the sciences and business. This Cosmetic Science and Formulation Design major was added to four other BSPS majors at UTCPPS. Introduced in 2013, this major is the only functioning undergraduate degree in Cosmetic Science and Formulation Design in the United States. Preliminary job placement data provides promising evidence that this undergraduate major has helped graduates launch a career in the cosmetic and personal care, or pharmaceutical industries. Based on our experience from the past three years, we believe that this cosmetic science major has been worth its resource investment. We hope others designing new undergraduate pharmaceutical sciences programs might integrate advice from this experience into their impending programs.

Type: Idea Paper
Imaginary Worlds and Efficiency Frontiers: Should We Abandon the IQWiG Health Technology Assessment Model?
Authors: Langley Paul C 
Published: February 2021

The contribution of cost-effectiveness analysis to the pricing of pharmaceuticals in Germany is at best marginal and in many, if not most cases, absent. While this may reflect a reasonable belief that cost-effectiveness analysis adds little if anything to pricing and formulary placement decisions, its marginalization reflects considerable dissatisfaction, if not frustration, with modeling efforts by the Institut für Qualität und Wirtschaftlichkeit im Gesundheitseesen (IQWiG). In part, this reflects the rejection of quality adjusted life years (QALYs) as the common outcome standard, together with the adoption of the efficiency frontier as the default framework for modeled claims. The purpose of this commentary is to consider the merits, in the German context, of an efficiency frontier framework for cost-effectiveness and pricing decisions. The commentary concludes that the efficiency frontier framework for health technology assessment, in supporting the creation of non-evaluable claims from models or simulations, fails of to meet the standards of normal science: it fails to support claims that are credible, evaluable and replicable. It should be abandoned. If cost-effectiveness modeling is to play a constructive role in pricing negotiations in Germany then manufacturers should be required to submit evaluable claims. The most effective way of ensuring this is to require manufacturers to accompany any submission for a new product with a protocol detailing how their claims, to include those for clinical outcomes, cost-effectiveness and budget impact, are to be evaluated and reported to decision makers in a meaningful time frame.

Type: Commentary
Exploring Strategies to Enhance the Presentation of Information in Print DTCA to Improve Consumers’ Recall of Information
Authors: Hwang Monica J , Hsu Shih-Ying 
Published: February 2021

This study examines how best to present information in an antidepressant print DTCA. The objectives of this study are to: (1) modify an antidepressant print advertisement to enhance consumers’ understanding of the presented information, (2) create a questionnaire to measure consumers’ recall of the information presented in an antidepressant print advertisement and (3) pilot test the study instruments by comparing consumers’ recall of the information in the antidepressant print advertisement between those who view the original advertisement and those who view the modified advertisement. Modifications of the advertisement were based on the Explanatory Structure Building Model, findings from previous studies, and literature pertaining to the enhancement of the readability and comprehension of written health information. Data collection was conducted in three stages using mixed methods. This study details potential techniques that can be used to enhance the presentation of information in print DTCA in order to improve consumers’ recall of the information. Furthermore, this study shows that strategies to improve the presentation of information in print DTCA exist and that the strategies are feasible to apply.
Conflict of Interest
This research study was supported by the University of Wisconsin-Madison Population Health Dissertation Grants sponsored by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and the Sonderegger Research Center Dissertation Research Grants.

Type: Original Research
Dos usos (e abusos) da cenografia jornalística
Authors: Figueira Filipo 
Published: February 2021

Neste ensaio teórico, busca-se discutir a relação entre duas formas de “imitação” do discurso jornalístico: as desnotícias (ou notícias satíricas) e as fake news. Ambos os gêneros se espelham no discurso jornalístico para se construírem, ao mesmo tempo que produzem efeitos completamente distintos: um provoca o riso, o outro, a desinformação. Algumas questões se colocam: qual a brecha presente no campo jornalístico, tão afeito aos fatos e à verdade, que permite sua completa subversão para fins tão diferentes dos seus? Como ela é explorada? Por consequência, quais os efeitos e fundamentos dessa subversão? Este ensaio pauta-se pela tese de que o campo jornalístico funda-se através do rompimento com um discurso engajado: considera-se que a mudança de um regime discursivo pautado pela agenda política (como o discurso publicista) para um pautado pela competição econômica marca a fundação do campo jornalístico (CHALABY, 1998). É nesse rompimento que o discurso jornalístico institui como valor ético central de sua prática a “norma da objetividade” (que engloba outros valores, como neutralidade, equilíbrio, honestidade etc.). O que se pretende expor neste ensaio, portanto, é que, delegando a constituição de sua cenografia (isto é, o modo como constrói sua legitimidade frente aos leitores) ao controle do registro linguístico-discursivo, o discurso jornalístico abre espaço para outros usos cenográficos (como os da desnotícia e da fake news), de variadas matizes éticas, que se fiam na memória de sua legitimidade.