bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occupational health resource classification instrument (OHRCI) in the oil industry, Brazil
Authors: Albuquerque Rafael Amaral , Carvalho Marcelo Barbosa , Dinis Maria Alzira Pimenta , Viterbo Lilian Monteiro Ferrari 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
The study describes the development of the Occupational Health Resource Classification Instrument (OHRCI) aiming to classify the levels of occupational health care in the oil industry, Brazil, considering the aspects of prevention and health promotion.

Methods
OHRCI was developed by 6 recognized experts in occupational health management with at least 10 years of experience. For content validation, the Delphi Technique was used, with 20 specialists from the fields of medicine, dentistry, social work, nutrition and psychology participating in 40 meetings with an average duration of 2 hours each. All proposed adjustment recommendations were incorporated and accepted.

Results
OHCRI tool was structured. It considers the characteristics of the oil companies regarding the assessment of risk scenarios, location and exposed population, resulting in a score between 1 and 16. Nine levels of occupational health care were defined, which allows to objectively consider the dimension of the workforce and attendance modality. The results of OHCRI tool allow specific strategic actions in people management, related to the monitoring of work processes and adaptation of professional skills.

Conclusions
The proposed tool is considered validated and its application generates business value, ensuring the maintenance of resources for comprehensive health care and attendance level adequate to the needs of the oil industry and workers and associated compliance aspects.
Differential expression of MCM2 and SKP2 as biomarkers of therapy resistance in prostate cancer
Authors: Vieira F Q , Cardoso A R , Gigliano D , Carneiro I , Henrique R , Jerónimo C , Silva R A 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most incident cancer and the sixth cause of cancer death among man worldwide. Patients diagnosed with advanced PCa are often treated with androgen deprivation therapy. Although tumors initially respond, they may progress to a lethal and drug-resistant form of PCa. Recent works from our team demonstrated that a promising anti-cancer agent is associated with reduced MCM2 and SKP2 expression in PCa cell lines. MCM2 and SKP2 play an important role in cell cycle progression with overexpression observed in several cancers with association with poor prognostic. Thus, to test its potential as predictive biomarker, MCM2 and SKP2 expression was evaluated in PCa tissues.

Methods
A total of 57 cases (25 resistant and 33 non-resistant) were used to explore MCM2 and SKP2 expression by immunohistochemistry. Percentage of positive tumor cells, intensity of immunostaining, and immunoexpression were blinded evaluated. Comparisons between therapy conditions and proteins expression were assessed by Chi square test (statistical significance considered when P &lt; 0.05).

Results
MCM2 expression is associated to PCa patients’ therapy resistance, with significant differences found for percentage of positive tumor cells (P = 0.001) and immunostaining intensity (P = 0.002). SKP2 expression is also associated with resistance to therapy, with differences observed referred to immunostaining intensity (P = 0.001) and immunoexpression pattern (P = 0.02). Specifically, cytoplasmatic and nuclear expression was apparent in most cases that developed therapy-resistance, whereas responsive PCa patients showed only SKP2 cytoplasmatic expression.

Conclusions
In PCa patients, MCM2 and SKP2 expression is significantly associated with therapy resistance. SKP2 cellular localization is also indicative of patients’ resistance to treatment.
Relationship between anxiety, depression and health perception in patients with multimorbidity versus patients without multimorbidity
Authors: Silva Paulo , Rosendo Inês , Figueiredo Inês 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Multimorbidity is a public health problem. It affects more than one third of Portuguese citizens and has a negative impact on health, both physical and psychological, and quality of life of patients. This study aims to understand the relationship between anxiety, depression and health perception in patients with multimorbidity versus patients without, and to understand the possible influence of sociodemographic factors on this relationship.

Methods
Cross-sectional study with a convenience sample of 176 patients interviewed by telephone using a survey that included sociodemographic variables, a list of 23 diseases to determine the presence of multimorbidity and the HADS and SF-12 scales. Subsequently, descriptive and inferential statistical analysis of the data was performed to perceive if socio-demographic factors influence multimorbidity. A value of P &lt; 0.05 was determined as statistically significant.

Results
The sample (n = 176) had an average age of 51.33 years, 51.1% were multi-morbid. A statistically significant difference was found between the two groups only in the perception of physical health (P &lt; 0.001). Age (P &lt; 0.001) and multi-morbidity (P = 0.004) were identified as significant independent predictors of physical health perception, with the regression model explaining about 43% of the variability in physical health perception of study participants.

Conclusions
Although this study presented some disparities with other studies, it concluded that patients with multimorbidity have a worse perception of their physical health, independently from the sociodemographic variables that were studied, except for age. The absence of a consistent definition of multimorbidity was the main limitation of the study.
Kaposi sarcoma in HIV-positive children: what are the symptoms and pathophysiology?
Authors: Corrêa M , Barretto J W , Gusso L , Erdmann O S , Vaz R S 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Introduction: Kaposi Sarcoma (KS) is a tumour caused by human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8). It is more prevalent in Oriental Africa when compared to countries in the western world, and it is more aggressive in children, with a death rate close to 60%. Aims: clarify the symptoms and pathophysiology of the paediatric KS associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), given the poor scientific production on the topic, and the fact that the knowledge of this disease on children is only an extrapolation of what is known in the adult.

Methods
Materials and methods: integrative review based on articles found in PubMed database, using the MeSH-indexed descriptors: ‘Children’ AND ‘Kaposi sarcoma’ AND ‘HIV infections’.

Results
Results: the seven selected studies show that, in HIV-positive children with KS, the prevalent symptoms are: skin lesions in multiple or unique sites, either isolated or associated with other lesions, such as oral and visceral, with the possibility of gastrointestinal bleeding, which could be deadly; lymphadenopathy in axillary, inguinal and cervical regions; respiratory symptoms; and anasarca. As for the pathophysiology, the most common occurrences are: cytopenia (anaemia and thrombocytopenia), both varying from moderate to severe; increased levels of CD4+ lymphocytes, which could act as predicting factor for lymphadenopathy; immunosuppression, a possible indicator for death; and increase in interleukin- 6 (IL-6) and IL-10 levels.

Conclusions
Conclusions: KS, caused by HHV-8, most prevalent in Africa, tends to be more aggressive in children, with main symptoms including lymphadenopathy and skin lesions, and main pathophysiological aspects including cytopenia and increase in IL-6 and IL-10.
The social desirability effect in personality assessment of drink driving offenders
Authors: Ferreira I S , Maurício A , Ferrajão P 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Driving under the influence of alcohol represents one of the main driving crimes and a risk to road safety and public health. In Portugal, if there are well-founded doubts about the psychological fitness to drive, the competent authority may determine a psychological assessment. The present study analyses the results in the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire - Revised (EPQ-R) in a sample with driving crimes under the influence of alcohol.

Methods
A sample of 76 male drivers (mean age around 43 years; age range = 26–60) underwent to a psychological assessment in the Mobility and Transports Institute, due to an official record of driving with a blood alcohol level of 1.2 g/l or more. The assessment included the EPQ-R, which examines three dimensions of personality - Psychoticism (P), Extroversion (E) and Neuroticism (N) and a Lie/Social Desirability scale (L).

Results
Drivers have committed around 3 crimes (range: 1–7) for drink driving in the past 10 years. Mean N (P &lt; 0.001) and P (P &lt; 0.001) scores were significantly lower, and mean L score (P &lt; 0.001) was significantly higher compared to the Portuguese normative data of EPQ-R (783 men, ages between 16 and 60 years). Mean E score (P = 0.16) was not statistically different from the normative E score.

Conclusions
The social desirability (proneness for lying or faking good) had a significant influence on EPQ-R results, favouring dimensions that assess psychopathological functioning (N, P). Although this questionnaire is an objective method to assess personality in different normative contexts, its suitability has proved to be limited in drink driving offenders.
Difficulties of general practitioners in (de)prescribing benzodiazepines
Authors: de Sousa L Veloso , Rosendo I , Monteiro L M 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
In Portugal, the consumption of psychotropic drugs, namely benzodiazepines, is almost double the average European consumption. Most of the prescriptions for benzodiazepines (BZD) are carried out by family doctors, since they are doctors more accessible to the general population. Therefore, it is essential to assess the difficulties of family doctors in prescribing and discontinuing BZD in order to understand how to optimize the consumption of these drugs in Portugal.

Methods
The data were collected through a survey sent to family doctors across the country by email and other digital platforms. The participants were interns and specialists in family medicine and a convenience sample was obtained of 274 physicians. The survey, previously structured, contained three open questions and twenty-five statements to be classified using a Likert scale. For the quantitative analysis, SPSS® program was used and the qualitative analysis was performed using the MAXQDA® data analysis facilitation software.

Results
Difficulties related to: patient's beliefs/attitudes and doctor-patient communication, means and strategies of prescription and discontinuation, dependence and tolerance, unwanted effects of BZDs, need for BZD and lack of alternatives/resources, doctor-doctor communication and role of the family doctor were identified.

Conclusions
The qualitative approach used in this study was essential, since the theme of the study is not widely explored in Portugal. An added value of the study is the inclusion of interns in General and Family Medicine. Studies are suggested that deepen these topics and allow the development of appropriate strategies to optimize the process of BZD (de)prescription.
The impact of refined food processing on the kidney—preclinical evaluation
Authors: Alves André , Vieira Pedro , Nunes Sara , Preguiça Inês , Ormonde Beatriz , Gomes Pedro , Reis Flávio , Viana Sofia 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Purified diets combine refined ingredients that convey a precise nutritional load. At a preclinical level, these formulas are used to dissect the impact of each nutrient on a given phenotype, from excess [e.g. High Fat (HF) diet] to deficiency [e.g. Low Fat (LF) diet; a nutrient-matched control]. Yet, processing strategies deteriorate the health potential of cereal-based diets as reported in a panoply of diseased conditions. Herein, we aim to disclose the impact of refined ingredients in the kidney.

Methods
Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided in three groups (n = 8) for 24 weeks: Control group (8.57 Kcal/fat), HF group (45% Kcal/fat) and the LF group (13% Kcal/fat). In vivo glycemic/insulinemic/lipidic profiles were assessed. Renal parameters evaluated were serum/urinary measures of uric acid/albumin/creatinine/glucose. Periodic Acid-Shiff and Gomori’s green trichrome staining were used to gauge kidney histology. Renal KIM-1/NLRP3 relative gene expression (RT-PCR) was also evaluated. Values are means ± S.E.M (ANOVA/post-hoc tests). This work was approved by the ORBEA of iCBR-FMUC (9/2018).

Results
HF-fed animals displayed a phenotype aligned with a prediabetic condition: glucose intolerance, postprandial hyperinsulinemia, hepatic/renal lipidosis, mild renal dysfunction and initial histological lesions. Surprisingly, LF-fed animals also displayed glucose intolerance and postprandial hyperinsulinemia paralleling an exacerbated renal injury phenotype: LF-fed animals displayed a decrease in creatinine clearance along with glycosuria (P &lt; 0.05). Histological/gene expression markers collectively indicate kidney damage.

Conclusions
Our findings allude for prominent renal impairments arising from LF feeding. These results claim for a cautious selection of ‘control’ diets when kidney diseases are foreseen.
Relationship between quality of life and food consumption among gym physical activity practitioners
Authors: Pinto Mariana , Rocha Clara , Lima João 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
The concern related quality of life has awakened in society the search for a healthier lifestyle, through physical activity and better eating habits. Gym practitioners are particularly predisposed to the pursuit of well-being and quality and life. To analyse the relationship between the adequacy of food consumption and the quality of life among gym practitioners.

Methods
Data collection was carried out in a single moment through an online questionnaire. Information about age, gender, geographic region, educational level, food consumption and quality of life was collected. To characterize food consumption Portuguese food guide were used, and for the characterization of quality of life, the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was applied.

Results
There were no differences in quality of life (total score) related to the adequacy of the seven groups of Portuguese food guide. The same is not true for the different quality of life domains. Individuals who consume ‘Legumes’ above the recommended are those with the best psychological domain score (P = 0.010). Individuals who have a consumption above the recommended of the groups ‘Cereals, derivatives and Tubers’ and ‘Fats and oils’ have a better score in the social domain, respectively (P = 0.025) and (P = 0.020). The individuals with a water intake above the recommended were those who obtained a higher score in all domains: the physical domain (P = 0.003), psychological domain (P &lt; 0.001), social domain (P = 0.002) and environmental domain (P = 0.002).

Conclusions
Food consumption seems not influence quality of life of gym practitioners, however future research should be conducted to clarify some associations related to proper domains.
Intrinsic Capacity: Validation of a New WHO Concept for Healthy Aging in a Longitudinal Chinese Study
Authors: Beard John R , Si Yafei , Liu Zhixin , Chenoweth Lynn , Hanewald Katja 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
The World Health Organization has proposed a model of healthy aging built around the concept of functional ability, comprising an individual’s intrinsic capacity, the physical and social environment they occupy, and interactions between the two. However, these constructs have been poorly defined. We examined the structure of intrinsic capacity in a representative sample of the Chinese population aged 60 years and older and assessed its value in predicting declining performance in instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) and activities of daily living (ADLs) using similar methods to a construct validation previously undertaken in an English cohort.

Methods
Deidentified data were accessed on 7 643 participants of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2011 and 2013 waves. Incrementally related structural equation modeling was applied, including exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and path analysis. Multiple linear regression tested construct validity, and simple and serial mediation models assessed predictive validity.

Results
Factor loadings for the models showed a clear structure for intrinsic capacity: 1 general factor with 5 subfactors—locomotor, cognitive, psychological and sensory capacities, and vitality (reflecting underlying physiologic changes). Intrinsic capacity predicted declining performance in both IADLs (standardized coefficient (SE) −0.324 (0.02), p &lt; .001) and ADLs (−0.227 (0.03), p &lt; .001), after accounting for age, sex, education, wealth, and number of chronic diseases. Each characteristic was associated with intrinsic capacity, providing strong construct validity.

Conclusions
Assessment of intrinsic capacity provides valuable information on an individual’s subsequent functioning beyond that afforded by age, other personal factors, and multimorbidity.
Network analysis of a community-wide teenage pregnancy prevention initiative
Authors: Panjwani Sonya , Garney Whitney R , Patterson Megan S , Ajayi Kobi V , Fore Sharayah , Lang Laura 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Although US teenage birth rates substantially decreased over the past two decades, it still remains the highest in the developed world. More innovative, community-wide initiatives are needed to combat the issue. In Oklahoma County, Oklahoma, the Central Oklahoma Teen Pregnancy Prevention Collaboration is utilizing the collective impact model to convene multiple organizations with the goal of making systems-level changes related to teenage pregnancy within the community. This study used an interorganizational network analysis to evaluate the current strength of relationships between organizations in the Collaboration. An interorganizational network survey assessed collaborative relationships (e.g. information sharing and joint planning) within the network. Using R software, network diagrams were developed to depict partner relationships, and network measures, including node-, group- and network-level measures, were calculated. The network depiction (n = 23) revealed that the network core was composed of organizations from multiple sectors, and the backbone organization served as the most central organization for most centrality measures. This study provides insight into how organizational relationships can be assessed in order to increase community capacity to address teenage pregnancy. Continuous monitoring of the strength of relationships is important to ensure success in achieving goals as well as collective impact.
Population connectivity of the euphausiid, Stylocheiron elongatum, in the Gulf Stream (NW Atlantic Ocean) in relation to COI barcode diversity of Stylocheiron species
Authors: Bucklin Ann , Questel Jennifer M , Blanco-Bercial Leocadio , Frenzel Alexandra , Smolenack Sara B , Wiebe Peter H 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The euphausiid genus Stylocheiron includes species with biogeographical distributions spanning multiple ocean basins. Despite their circumglobal distributions, the species show low levels of genetic diversity and little or no evidence of population structure based on the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) barcode region, with the exception of a possible cryptic species within Stylocheiron affine. Stylocheiron elongatum showed &lt; 1% variation of the COI barcode region among populations in different ocean basins, but analysis of samples collected from the Florida Current (February, 1993) and Gulf Stream Meander Region (April, 1993) in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean revealed small-but-significant genetic differentiation between samples based on a different section of COI and mitochondrial cytochrome b (CYB). Both COI and CYB showed large haplotype and small nucleotide diversities, departures from neutral expectations, and haplotype networks consistent with persistent genetic structuring of the species population. These patterns of diversity indicate the presence of selection driving population divergence. We hypothesize that position-keeping by this deep-living, non-migrating euphausiid species may prevent genetic homogenization (panmixia) in the dynamic Gulf Stream System. This study demonstrates the importance of analyzing patterns of genetic diversity and structure at regional and global scales to understand the ecological and evolutionary processes impacting marine zooplankton.
The Potential Impact of the 2020 UAE FDI Decree and Side Agreements
Authors: Na’el Al-Tawil Tareq , Prabhakar Gantasala Venugopal , Ibraheem Walaaeldeen 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has assumed a leading role in attracting foreign investments in the region through the implementation of the Foreign Direct Investment Law of 2018 (FDI Law). The goal of the FDI Law is to create a pathway and framework that would enable 100 percent foreign ownership of UAE limited liability companies beyond the allowed 49 percent cap in mainland UAE. The efforts have been bolstered by the latest FDI Decree that offers full foreign ownership to businesses in the UAE, except ‘strategic impact’ activities. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to explore the potential impact of the FDI Decree on inflows of foreign investments into the UAE. The article also examines the persisting question about the legal validity and enforceability of side agreements. Preliminary findings have shown that the FDI Decree is a significant step towards the liberation and modernization of the UAE foreign investment landscape. The new regime will certainly spur inbound flows of foreign investments into the UAE. However, it is still too early to ascertain the extent of the Decree in encouraging greater foreign investment and ultimately diversifying the UAE economy. Additionally, concerns over the legal validity and enforceability of side agreements will persist under the new regime pending the release of the Strategic Impact List. A major issue is the uncertainty surrounding the proactive implementation of the Anti-Fronting Law, which prohibits side agreements with UAE nationals. The future of the Anti-Fronting Law is critical, considering that limiting or prohibiting side agreements will undermine the UAE’s quest for liberalization and modernization. Foreign investors must now develop future-proofing actions to take advantage of the new law. Ultimately, foreign investors will have the final word after the full implementation of the FDI Decree.