bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term visit-to-visit blood pressure variability and risk of cardiovascular and bleeding events: insights from the ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 trial
Authors: Proietti Riccardo , Palazzolo Michael Gerard , Ruff Christian T. , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Giugliano Robert P. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This post hoc analysis of the ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 trial assesses differences in cardiovascular and bleeding events according to visit-to-visit blood pressure variability (BPv) in 19,680 patients with a minimum of 4 blood pressure measurements post randomization. Patients were categorized into four groups based on the standard deviation of systolic blood pressure (SBP-SD). In comparisons of the fourth vs first quartile of SBP-SD adjusted for components of the CHA2D2-VASc score and baseline SBP, there were no differences in the odds of stroke, cardiovascular mortality, or all-cause mortality. However, there were statistically significant increases in the risk of major bleeding (OR 1.9, (1.6–2.25)). myocardial infarction (OR 1.42 (1.08–1.87)) and heart failure outcomes (OR 1.49 (1.3–1.72)) in the fourth quartile of BPv. This post-hoc analysis shows that BPv is independently associated with an increased risk of bleeding, MI, and heart failure outcomes in a population with AF on oral anticoagulation.
Modifiable factors to achieve target blood pressure in hypertensive participants
Authors: Tanaka-Mizuno Sachiko , Nakatsu Fumiko , Eguchi Shunsuke , Iekushi Kazuma , Nakagami Hironori 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The management of hypertension is one of the most important public health issues. Many patients with untreated hypertension in Japan require urgent treatment. This retrospective cohort study in Hiratsuka city aimed to evaluate the proportion of participants achieving target blood pressure and identify modifiable factors affecting the achievement. We retrospectively analyzed data from a merged database of claims, specific health checkup (SHC), and national health insurance data in Hiratsuka City, Japan, from June 2016 to March 2023. The study participants were adults aged 40–74 years without a history of hypertension treatment and with blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg at SHC. The primary outcome was the achievement of target blood pressure <140/90 mmHg at the next SHC. Furthermore, multivariable logistic regression was performed to explore factors influencing the achievement. Of 5428 participants, 43.6% were female. The median age was 69 years, and 58.4% (95% confidence interval 57.1–59.7) achieved target blood pressure <140/90 mmHg. Multivariable logistic regression results showed that achievement of target blood pressure was associated with younger age (50–69 years), mild hypertension (grade I), no hypertension at the previous SHC, no record of SHC in the previous year, and willingness to improve lifestyle. One-third of people reported that their hypertension at SHCs failed to achieve target blood pressure. For community-level hypertension management, people who have the influencing factors must be educated by public health nurses, which might be effective for lifestyle improvement. Additionally, the elderly and people with persistent hypertension or severe hypertension should seek medical advice.
Single-cell imaging reveals efficient nutrient uptake and growth of microalgae darkening the Greenland Ice Sheet
Authors: Halbach Laura , Kitzinger Katharina , Hansen Martin , Littmann Sten , Benning Liane G. , Bradley James A. , Whitehouse Martin J. , Olofsson Malin , Mourot Rey , Tranter Martyn , Kuypers Marcel M. M. , Ellegaard-Jensen Lea , Anesio Alexandre M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Blooms of dark pigmented microalgae accelerate glacier and ice sheet melting by reducing the surface albedo. However, the role of nutrient availability in regulating algal growth on the ice remains poorly understood. Here, we investigate glacier ice algae on the Greenland Ice Sheet, providing single-cell measurements of carbon:nitrogen:phosphorus (C:N:P) ratios and assimilation rates of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), ammonium and nitrate following nutrient amendments. The single-cell analyses reveal high C:N and C:P atomic ratios in algal biomass as well as intracellular P storage. DIC assimilation rates are not enhanced by ammonium, nitrate, or phosphate addition. Our combined results demonstrate that glacier ice algae can optimise nutrient uptake, facilitating the potential colonization of newly exposed bare ice surfaces without the need for additional nutrient inputs. This adaptive strategy is particularly important given accelerated climate warming and the expansion of melt areas on the Greenland Ice Sheet.
Spatio-temporal control of mitosis using light via a Plk1 inhibitor caged for activity and cellular permeability
Authors: von Glasenapp Victoria , C. Almeida Ana , Chang Dalu , Gasic Ivana , Winssinger Nicolas , Gotta Monica 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The ability to control the activity of kinases spatially and temporally is essential to elucidate the role of signalling pathways in development and physiology. Progress in this direction has been hampered by the lack of tools to manipulate kinase activity in a highly controlled manner in vivo. Here we report a strategy to modify BI2536, the well characterized inhibitor of the conserved and essential mitotic kinase Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1). We introduce the same coumarin photolabile protecting group (PPG) at two positions of the inhibitor. At one position, the coumarin prevents the interaction with Plk1, at the second it masks an added carboxylic acid, important for cellular retention. Exposure to light results in removal of both PPGs, leading to the activation of the inhibitor and its trapping inside cells. We demonstrate the efficacy of the caged inhibitor in three-dimensional spheroid cultures: by uncaging it with a single light pulse, we can inhibit Plk1 and arrest cell division, a highly dynamic process, with spatio-temporal control. Our design can be applied to other small molecules, providing a solution to control their activity in living cells with unprecedented precision.
Conserved immunomodulation and variation in host association by Xanthomonadales commensals in Arabidopsis root microbiota
Authors: Ordon Jana , Logemann Elke , Maier Louis-Philippe , Lee Tak , Dahms Eik , Oosterwijk Anniek , Flores-Uribe Jose , Miyauchi Shingo , Paoli Lucas , Stolze Sara Christina , Nakagami Hirofumi , Felix Georg , Garrido-Oter Ruben , Ma Ka-Wai , Schulze-Lefert Paul 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Suppression of chronic Arabidopsis immune responses is a widespread but typically strain-specific trait across the major bacterial lineages of the plant microbiota. We show by phylogenetic analysis and in planta associations with representative strains that immunomodulation is a highly conserved, ancestral trait across Xanthomonadales, and preceded specialization of some of these bacteria as host-adapted pathogens. Rhodanobacter R179 activates immune responses, yet root transcriptomics suggest this commensal evades host immune perception upon prolonged association. R179 camouflage likely results from combined activities of two transporter complexes (dssAB) and the selective elimination of immunogenic peptides derived from all partners. The ability of R179 to mask itself and other commensals from the plant immune system is consistent with a convergence of distinct root transcriptomes triggered by immunosuppressive or non-suppressive synthetic microbiota upon R179 co-inoculation. Immunomodulation through dssAB provided R179 with a competitive advantage in synthetic communities in the root compartment. We propose that extensive immunomodulation by Xanthomonadales is related to their adaptation to terrestrial habitats and might have contributed to variation in strain-specific root association, which together accounts for their prominent role in plant microbiota establishment.
Maximal steady-state entanglement in autonomous quantum thermal machines
Authors: Khandelwal Shishir , Annby-Andersson Björn , Diotallevi Giovanni Francesco , Wacker Andreas , Tavakoli Armin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We devise an autonomous quantum thermal machine consisting of three pairwise-interacting qubits, two of which are locally coupled to thermal reservoirs. The machine operates autonomously, as it requires no time-coherent control, external driving or quantum bath engineering, and is instead propelled by a chemical potential bias. Under ideal conditions, we show that this out-of-equilibrium system can deterministically generate a maximally entangled steady-state between two of the qubits, or any desired pure two-qubit entangled state, emerging as a dark state of the system. We study the robustness of entanglement production with respect to several relevant parameters, obtaining nearly-maximally-entangled states well-away from the ideal regime of operation. Furthermore, we show that our machine architecture can be generalised to a configuration with 2n − 1 qubits, in which only a potential bias and two-body interactions are sufficient to generate genuine multipartite maximally entangled steady states in the form of a W state of n qubits.
Controlling Coulomb correlations and fine structure of quasi-one-dimensional excitons by magnetic order
Authors: Liebich M. , Florian M. , Nilforoushan N. , Mooshammer F. , Koulouklidis A. D. , Wittmann L. , Mosina K. , Sofer Z. , Dirnberger F. , Kira M. , Huber R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Many surprising properties of quantum materials result from Coulomb correlations defining electronic quasiparticles and their interaction chains. In van der Waals layered crystals, enhanced correlations have been tailored in reduced dimensions, enabling excitons with giant binding energies and emergent phases including ferroelectric, ferromagnetic and multiferroic orders. Yet, correlation design has primarily relied on structural engineering. Here we present quantitative experiment–theory proof that excitonic correlations can be switched through magnetic order. By probing internal Rydberg-like transitions of excitons in the magnetic semiconductor CrSBr, we reveal their binding energy and a dramatic anisotropy of their quasi-one-dimensional orbitals manifesting in strong fine-structure splitting. We switch the internal structure from strongly bound, monolayer-localized states to weakly bound, interlayer-delocalized states by pushing the system from antiferromagnetic to paramagnetic phases. Our analysis connects this transition to the exciton’s spin-controlled effective quantum confinement, supported by the exciton’s dynamics. In future applications, excitons or even condensates may be interfaced with spintronics; extrinsically switchable Coulomb correlations could shape phase transitions on demand.
Tumour-wide RNA splicing aberrations generate actionable public neoantigens
Authors: Kwok Darwin W. , Stevers Nicholas O. , Etxeberria Iñaki , Nejo Takahide , Colton Cove Maggie , Chen Lee H. , Jung Jangham , Okada Kaori , Lakshmanachetty Senthilnath , Gallus Marco , Barpanda Abhilash , Hong Chibo , Chan Gary K. L. , Liu Jerry , Wu Samuel H. , Ramos Emilio , Yamamichi Akane , Watchmaker Payal B. , Ogino Hirokazu , Saijo Atsuro , Du Aidan , Grishanina Nadia R. , Woo James , Diaz Aaron , Hervey-Jumper Shawn L. , Chang Susan M. , Phillips Joanna J. , Wiita Arun P. , Klebanoff Christopher A. , Costello Joseph F. , Okada Hideho 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
T cell-based immunotherapies hold promise in treating cancer by leveraging the immune system’s recognition of cancer-specific antigens1. However, their efficacy is limited in tumours with few somatic mutations and substantial intratumoural heterogeneity2–4. Here we introduce a previously uncharacterized class of tumour-wide public neoantigens originating from RNA splicing aberrations in diverse cancer types. We identified T cell receptor clones capable of recognizing and targeting neoantigens derived from aberrant splicing in GNAS and RPL22. In cases with multi-site biopsies, we detected the tumour-wide expression of the GNAS neojunction in glioma, mesothelioma, prostate cancer and liver cancer. These neoantigens are endogenously generated and presented by tumour cells under physiologic conditions and are sufficient to trigger cancer cell eradication by neoantigen-specific CD8+ T cells. Moreover, our study highlights a role for dysregulated splicing factor expression in specific cancer types, leading to recurrent patterns of neojunction upregulation. These findings establish a molecular basis for T cell-based immunotherapies addressing the challenges of intratumoural heterogeneity.
Human-correlated genetic models identify precision therapy for liver cancer
Authors: Müller Miryam , May Stephanie , Hall Holly , Kendall Timothy J. , McGarry Lynn , Blukacz Lauriane , Nuciforo Sandro , Georgakopoulou Anastasia , Jamieson Thomas , Phinichkusolchit Narisa , Dhayade Sandeep , Suzuki Toshiyasu , Huguet-Pradell Júlia , Powley Ian R. , Officer-Jones Leah , Pennie Rachel L. , Esteban-Fabró Roger , Gris-Oliver Albert , Pinyol Roser , Skalka George L. , Leslie Jack , Hoare Matthew , Sprangers Joep , Malviya Gaurav , Mackintosh Agata , Johnson Emma , McCain Misti , Halpin John , Kiourtis Christos , Nixon Colin , Clark Graeme , Clark William , Shaw Robin , Hedley Ann , Drake Thomas M. , Tan Ee Hong , Neilson Matt , Murphy Daniel J. , Lewis David Y. , Reeves Helen L. , Le Quesne John , Mann Derek A. , Carlin Leo M. , Blyth Karen , Llovet Josep M. , Heim Markus H. , Sansom Owen J. , Miller Crispin J. , Bird Thomas G. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common form of primary liver cancer, is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide1,2. HCC occurs typically from a background of chronic liver disease, caused by a spectrum of predisposing conditions. Tumour development is driven by the expansion of clones that accumulate progressive driver mutations3, with hepatocytes the most likely cell of origin2. However, the landscape of driver mutations in HCC is broadly independent of the underlying aetiologies4. Despite an increasing range of systemic treatment options for advanced HCC, outcomes remain heterogeneous and typically poor. Emerging data suggest that drug efficacies depend on disease aetiology and genetic alterations5,6. Exploring subtypes in preclinical models with human relevance will therefore be essential to advance precision medicine in HCC7. Here we generated a suite of genetically driven immunocompetent in vivo and matched in vitro HCC models. Our models represent multiple features of human HCC, including clonal origin, histopathological appearance and metastasis. We integrated transcriptomic data from the mouse models with human HCC data and identified four common human–mouse subtype clusters. The subtype clusters had distinct transcriptomic characteristics that aligned with the human histopathology. In a proof-of-principle analysis, we verified response to standard-of-care treatment and used a linked in vitro–in vivo pipeline to identify a promising therapeutic candidate, cladribine, that has not previously been linked to HCC treatment. Cladribine acts in a highly effective subtype-specific manner in combination with standard-of-care therapy.
Czech political candidate and donation datasets
Authors: Linek Lukáš , Škvrňák Michael , Šoltés Michal , Titl Vítězslav 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper introduces a new Czech Political Candidate Dataset (CPCD), which compiles comprehensive data on all candidates who have run in any municipal, regional, national, and/or European Parliament election in the Czech Republic since 1993. For each candidate, the CPCD includes their first name, last name, age, gender, place of residence, university degree, party membership, party affiliation, ballot position, and election results for candidates and for parties. We match candidates over various elections by using algorithms that rely on their personal information. We add information on political donations made to political parties. We source donation information from the Czech Political Donation Dataset (CPDD), our other newly built dataset, in which we compile records of individual donations to 12 leading political parties from official records for the period from 2017 to 2023. CPDD is publicly available along with the CPCD.
Multiphysical characterization for predicting compressive strength of Portland cement concrete using synthetic aperture radar, ultrasonic testing, and rebound hammer
Authors: Abazarsa Maryam , Yu Tzuyang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Portland cement concrete (PCC) is a versatile and widely used construction material renowned for its strength and durability. The mechanical properties of PCC, including compressive strength, flexural strength, and splitting tensile strength, play a pivotal role in ensuring the safety and sustainability of structures such as buildings, bridges, and dams. Traditionally, the determination of PCC’s compressive strength involves destructive testing of standard-size concrete cylinders until they fail. While nondestructive evaluation (NDE) techniques are available for assessing these properties, they often require direct contact between the sensor and the concrete surface, making them less efficient and practical compared to remote sensing techniques. In this paper, three NDE techniques were applied for estimating the mechanical properties of concrete, including synthetic aperture radar (SAR), ultrasonic testing (UT), and a rebound hammer (RH). A total of 48 laboratory concrete cylinders (diameter = 3", height = 6") were manufactured. These cylinders were created with different water-to-cement ratios (0.4, 0.45, 0.5, and 0.55) with a mix design ratio of 1:2:3 for cement: sand: gravel (by mass). Before these cylinders were tested by destructive compression test, they were measured by three NDE techniques. A 10 GHz SAR system, a 54 kHz UT system, and a RH sensor were used to inspect those cylinders at different concrete ages (7, 14, 28, and 96 days). From our result, the performance ranking among three NDE techniques was individually UT, SAR, and RH. When combining two NDE techniques, SAR with UT delivered the best performance. Multiphysical NDE (SAR with UT) outperformed uniphysical NDE (UT with RH) on the prediction of compressive strength of concrete, with a highest R2 value of 0.9918. This research demonstrates the promising potential of multiphysical NDE for other engineering problems.
Exercise reduces the risk of falls in women with polypharmacy: secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tamminen Anna-Erika , Honkanen Risto , Koivumaa-Honkanen Heli , Sirola Joonas , Sund Reijo , Kröger Heikki , Rikkonen Toni 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Polypharmacy has previously been found to increase and exercise interventions to reduce the risk of falls and fall-related injuries. In this study, women who had four or more regular medications benefitted the most from the exercise intervention and had the lowest fall risk compared to the reference group. Fall injuries among older people cause significant health problems with high societal costs. Previously, some exercise interventions have been found to reduce the number of falls and related injuries. We studied how different levels of medication use affect the outcome of an exercise intervention in terms of preventing falls. This exercise RCT involved 914 women born in 1932–1945 and randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 457) and control (n = 457) groups. Both groups participated in functional tests three times during the study. Baseline self-reported prescription drug use was trichotomized: 0–1, 2–3, and ≥ 4 drugs/day (i.e. polypharmacy group). We used Poisson regression for follow-up fall risk and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis for fractures. During follow-up, 1380 falls were reported, 739 (53.6%) resulting in an injury and pain and 63 (4.6%) in a fracture. Women with polypharmacy in the intervention group had the lowest fall risk (IRR 0.713, 95% CI 0.586–0.866, p = 0.001) compared to the reference group that used 0–1 medications and did not receive the intervention. Overall, the number of medications associated with the fall incidence was only seen in the intervention group. However, the number of medications was not associated with fractures in either of the groups. Weaker functional test results were associated with polypharmacy in the control group. The most prominent decrease in fall risk with exercise intervention was seen among women with polypharmacy. Targeting these women might enhance fall prevention efficacy among the aging population.
Trial Registration: The study has been registered in ClinicalTrials.gov. Trial registration number NCT02665169. Register date 27/01/2016.
Association of arachnoid fossae and endocranial lesions in a historical population from Poland: new diagnostic possibilities
Authors: Wysocka Joanna , Riley Erin , Cieślik Agata 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study examines the arachnoid fossae (AF) in crania from early modern Wrocław, Poland, and their connection to endocranial lesions, specifically abnormal blood vessel impressions (ABVI) and periosteal appositions of the dura mater (PADM). AF are fovea on the inner surface of the cranial bone, which arise as the result of arachnoid granulations’ (AG) protruding and causing the resorption of the bone. ABVI and PADM are non-specific pathological lesions caused by inflammation and hemorrhages in the meninges. The goal of the study is to determine if the size of AF is associated with the occurrence of endocranial lesions (ABVI and PADM), whether they can aid in diagnosing pathological conditions in historical populations, and to propose a measurement methodology. Using an endoscopic device, the study analyzed 80 adult crania from a collection in Wrocław, Poland. The size of AF was measured using scaled photographs, and the occurrence and severity of ABVI and PADM were also documented. The study then investigated the relationship between the size of AF and the presence of ABVI and PADM. It was determined that the individuals with ABVI had greater AF than those without the lesions. The results indicate that while the presence of AF can be considered a normal cranial variation, their size may be useful in diagnosing pathological conditions in the meninges, such as trauma, tumors, or infectious diseases.