bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trajectory tracking of nonholonomic mobile robots by geometric control on special Euclidean group
Authors: He Xiaodong , Geng Zhiyong 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis article studies the trajectory tracking of nonholonomic mobile robots by using geometric control methods, with extension to consensus tracking and formation tracking. Different from the system model given in the Euclidean space, we establish the dynamics of mobile robots on the tangent bundle of the Lie group, which is a global and unique description independent of local coordinates. Firstly, the tracking control of one leader with one follower is considered, which is converted to the stabilization of two relative subsystems by designing an adjoint system. Then, the controller is extended to consensus tracking of multiple robots connected by a directed acyclic graph, where the convex combination on nonlinear manifolds is introduced to construct a virtual leader for each follower. Next, the relation between consensus control and formation control is established, and a new transformed system is constructed so as to derive the formation tracking controller from the consensus result. Finally, simulation examples are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed controllers.
Copper‐Oxone Promoted Oxidative C−H Functionalization: Synthesis of 2‐Aminobenzothiazoles and Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial Activities
Authors: Doğan Şengül Dilem , Gündüz Miyase Gözde , Uğur Sümeyye Buran , Doğan Hilal , Özkul Ceren , Çetinkaya Yasin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBenzothiazole is one of the most important heterocyclic scaffolds existing in both natural and synthetic compounds. This prominent ring is of undoubted interest due to its broad range of therapeutic benefits as well as chemical reactivity in organic reactions. Therefore, we developed a convenient, rapid and efficient methodology for the ring closure reaction of thioureas to form 2‐aminobenzothiazole derivatives. We optimized the reaction conditions by trying various catalysts and oxidants. Copper iodide/oxone catalysis provided the best conditions for the preparation of benzothiazoles. The regioselectivity observed in the ring closure reaction of the naphthyl thiourea derivative was investigated and the obtained experimental results were supported by theoretical calculations. In vitro antimicrobial effects of the compounds were tested against various bacterial and fungal strains. Finally, molecular docking studies were carried out to rationalize the achieved biological results and suggest molecular modifications to design new benzothiazole derivatives.
Bioinspired AgNPs: Effective and Recyclable Catalysts towards the One‐Pot Synthesis of Hexahydroquinoline Derivatives via Three‐Component Coupling Reaction
Authors: Bera Partha Sarathi , Mondal Shyam Sundar , Das Rima , Ghosal Subhas , Saha Tanmoy Kumar 
Published: May 2021

AbstractGreen synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was carried out using aqueous bark extract of Shorea robusta(Sal tree) as the reducing and capping agent. AgNPs were characterized using modern characterization tools like UV‐Vis, PXRD, FT‐IR, SEM, and HR‐TEM. The catalytic application of the prepared AgNPs in three‐component coupling reaction of aldehyde, malononitrile, and cyclic enamino ketone resulted in good to excellent yields of hexahydroquinoline derivatives. Moreover, the catalyst can be recycled up to 5 times without compromising too much yield. The mechanistic pathway was investigated employing GC‐Mass spectroscopy and supported through the Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. A two‐step mechanism has been proposed for the coupling reaction, and the presence of electron‐withdrawing group in the aldehyde component is found to be more favorable than electron‐releasing one in terms of yield with lesser time.
Synthesis of 1H‐Pyrazolo[3,4‐b]quinoxaline Derivatives by Modification of the Regiospecific Reaction – the Influence of the Microwave Field
Authors: Wojtasik Katarzyna , Danel Andrzej , Wojtasik Michał , Lukasiewicz Marcin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe microwave‐assisted reductive cyclization reaction with the use of triphenylphosphine as a reducing agent in the synthesis of 1H‐pyrazolo[3,4‐b]quinoxaline derivatives was investigated. Contrary to the conventional method of conducting the reaction, the process in the reactor takes 25 minutes with moderate yields (30–38 %). This procedure was used to obtain three new 1,3‐dimethyl‐1H‐pyrazolo[3,4‐b]quinoxaline derivatives with substituents at position 6 of different donor‐acceptor character, which were used to determine the basic photophysical properties (UV‐Vis absorption spectra, fluorescence emission spectra) and the quantum yields of fluorescence were appointed. The measurement results indicate the possible use of new compounds as materials for OLEDs. The conducted research brings new knowledge in the field of 1H‐pyrazolo[3,4‐b]quinoxaline derivative systems and provides an alternative to conventional synthesis of pyrazoloquinoxalines.
Composite of Cobalt‐C3N4 on TiO2 Nanorod Arrays as Co‐catalyst for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
Authors: Li Yuangang , Shang Weike , Li Huajing , Yang Mengru , Shi Shaosen , Li Jin , Huang Chenyu , Zhou Anning 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTiO2@Co‐C3N4 nanorod arrays were prepared by drop coating and hydrothermal method. The Photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance of TiO2@Co‐C3N4 nanorod arrays can be tuned by the amount of Co‐C3N4 coated. When the amount of Co‐C3N4 reached about 0.75 μg/cm2, the PEC performance of TiO2@Co‐C3N4 reached the maximum. The results show that the photocurrent density of TiO2@Co‐C3N4 nanorod array reaches 1.79 mA/cm2 at 1.23 VRHE, which is about 2.3 times of that from TiO2@g‐C3N4. And the PEC device has good stability and the photocurrent density remains no decline after 10 hours of continuous operation. Co atoms coordinated with g‐C3N4 could act as a co‐catalyst for water oxidation, and a possible mechanism is proposed for water oxidation based on careful analysis of the detailed results. The holes photogenerated by excited electrons oxidize Co atoms from CoII to CoIII and CoIV, and then these high‐valence cobalt species accelerate the kinetics of water oxidation. In addition, Co‐C3N4 not only can promote the charge transfer but also improve the overall energy conversion efficiency of the PEC device.
Death by political party: The relationship between COVID‐19 deaths and political party affiliation in the United States
Authors: Gao Jingjing , Radford Benjamin J. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study explored social factors that are associated with the US deaths caused by COVID‐19 after the declaration of economic reopening on May 1, 2020 by President Donald Trump. We seek to understand how county‐level support for Trump interacted with social distancing policies to impact COVID‐19 death rates. Overall, controlling for several potential confounders, counties with higher levels of Trump support do not necessarily experience greater mortality rates due to COVID‐19. The predicted weekly death counts per county tended to increase over time with the implementation of several key health policies. However, the difference in COVID‐19 outcomes between counties with low and high levels of Trump support grew after several weeks of the policy implementation as counties with higher levels of Trump support suffered relatively higher death rates. Counties with higher levels of Trump support exhibited lower percentages of mobile staying at home and higher percentages of people working part time or full time than otherwise comparable counties with lower levels of Trump support. The relative negative performance of Trump‐supporting counties is robust after controlling for these measures of policy compliance. Counties with high percentages of older (aged 65 and above) persons tended to have greater death rates, as did more populous counties in general. This study indicates that policymakers should consider the risks inherent in controlling public health crises due to divisions in political ideology and confirms that vulnerable communities are at particularly high risk in public health crises.
The potential versatility of RNA catalysis
Authors: Wilson Timothy J. , Lilley David M. J. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIt is commonly thought that in the early development of life on this planet RNA would have acted both as a store of genetic information and as a catalyst. While a number of RNA enzymes are known in contemporary cells, they are largely confined to phosphoryl transfer reactions, whereas an RNA based metabolism would have required a much greater chemical diversity of catalysis. Here we discuss how RNA might catalyze a wider variety of chemistries, and particularly how information gleaned from riboswitches could suggest how ribozymes might recruit coenzymes to expand their chemical range. We ask how we might seek such activities in modern biology.This article is categorized under:
RNA‐Based Catalysis > Miscellaneous RNA‐Catalyzed Reactions
Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Riboswitches
RNA Structure and Dynamics > RNA Structure, Dynamics and Chemistry
Doubled Haploids in Rice Improvement: Approaches, Applications, and Future Prospects
Authors: Samantaray Sanghamitra , Ali Jauhar , Nicolas Katrina L. C. , Katara Jawahar Lal , Verma Ram Lakhan , Parameswaran C. , Devanna B. N. , Kumar Awadhesh , Dash Byomkesh , Bhuyan Sudhansu Sekhar 
Published: May 2021

AbstractExploitation of biotechnological tools in conventional breeding strategies is the need of the hour for overcoming limitations in rice production and productivity. In addition, improvement in quantity and quality along with resistance to climatic and disease stress in rice require immediate attention. Anther culture has proven its efficiency by instantaneously fixing homozygosity through diploidization of regenerated haploid plants. Therefore, androgenesis provides an efficient platform for developing inbred lines in a short period of time. Although anther culture shows its efficiency in speeding up breeding in several crop species, including rice, associated limitations still prevent the exploitation of its optimum potential. Although anther culture is well exploited in japonica rice breeding, its application in indica rice is limited because of inherent recalcitrant genetic backgrounds. The success of anther culture is determined by several factors that limit the efficiency of androgenesis. Identified constraints are early anther necrosis, poor-callus response, and proliferation, and low green-plant regeneration, along with the most frustrating albinism associated with indica rice, which has been considerably clarified. This chapter details the method of androgenesis and scope for improving the applicability of anther culture producing doubled haploids of rice in order to use it as a complementary tool for precision breeding.
Zinc-Biofortified Rice: A Sustainable Food-Based Product for Fighting Zinc Malnutrition
Authors: Calayugan Mark Ian C. , Swamy B. P. Mallikarjuna , Nha Chau Thanh , Palanog Alvin D. , Biswas Partha S. , Descalsota-Empleo Gwen Iris , Min Yin Myat Myat , Inabangan-Asilo Mary Ann 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe lack of dietary diversity among poor communities has led to nutritional consequences, particularly zinc deficiency. An adequate intake of mineral- and vitamin-rich food is necessary for achieving and maintaining good health. Zinc is one of the micronutrients considered essential to improve human health and decrease the risk of malnutrition. Biofortification of rice through breeding is a cost-effective and sustainable strategy to solve micronutrient malnutrition. The Biofortification Priority Index prepared by HarvestPlus clearly identified several countries in Asia with an immediate need for Zn biofortification. The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) and its national partners in target countries are making efforts to develop Zn-biofortified rice varieties. The first set of high-Zn rice varieties has been released for commercial cultivation in Bangladesh, India, the Philippines, and Indonesia. Efforts have begun to mainstream grain Zn to ensure that the Zn trait becomes an integral part of future varieties. Huge scope exists to apply advanced genomics technologies such as genomic selection and genome editing to speed up high-Zn varietal development. An efficient rice value chain for Zn-biofortified varieties, quality control, and promotion are essential for successful adoption and consumption. The development of next-generation high-Zn rice varieties with higher grain-Zn content, stacking of multiple nutrients, along with good grain quality and acceptable agronomic traits has to be fast-tracked. Healthier rice has a large demand from all stakeholders, so we need to keep up the pace of developing nutritious rice to meet the demand and to achieve nutritional security.
S-duality and correlation functions at large R-charge
Authors: Hellerman Simeon , Maeda Shunsuke , Orlando Domenico , Reffert Susanne , Watanabe Masataka 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We study the ratio of pairs of adjacent correlators of Coulomb-branch operators in SU(2) $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 sqcd with four flavors within the framework of the large quantum number expansion. Capitalizing on the order-by-order S-duality invariance of the large-R-charge expansion, we compute ab initio the dependence of the leading large-"Image missing" behavior on the marginal coupling τ and we find excellent agreement with numerical estimates from localization.
Improved axion haloscope search analysis
Authors: Ahn S. , Lee S. , Choi J. , Ko B. R. , Semertzidis Y. K. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
One of the most significant and practical figures of merit in axion haloscope searches is the scanning rate, because of the unknown axion mass. Under the best experimental parameters, the only way to improve the figure of merit is to increase the experimentally designed signal to noise ratio in the axion haloscope search analysis procedure. In this paper, we report an improved axion haloscope search analysis using the data taken by the CAPP-8TB haloscope. By correcting for the background biased by the background parametrizations in the presence of axion signals, we realized a signal to noise ratio efficiency of about 100%. Given the axion haloscope search analyses to date, the scanning rate can be improved by 21%, with about a 10% improvement in the signal to noise ratio. This improvement is another low cost innovation in axion haloscope searches, where all the experimental parameters are currently at their best.
Long-lived biνo at the LHC
Authors: Gehrlein Julia , Ipek Seyda 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We examine the detection prospects for a long-lived biνo, a pseudo-Dirac bino which is responsible for neutrino masses, at the LHC and at dedicated long-lived particle detectors. The biνo arises in U(1)R-symmetric supersymmetric models where the neutrino masses are generated through higher dimensional operators in an inverse seesaw mechanism. At the LHC the biνo is produced through squark decays and it subsequently decays to quarks, charged leptons and missing energy via its mixing with the Standard Model neutrinos. We consider long-lived biνos which escape the ATLAS or CMS detectors as missing energy and decay to charged leptons inside the proposed long-lived particle detectors FASER, CODEX-b, and MATHUSLA. We find the currently allowed region in the squark-biνo mass parameter space by recasting most recent LHC searches for jets+ "Image missing". We also determine the reach of MATHUSLA, CODEX-b and FASER. We find that a large region of parameter space involving squark masses, biνo mass and the messenger scale can be probed with MATHUSLA, ranging from biνo masses of 10 GeV-2 TeV and messenger scales 102−11 TeV for a range of squark masses.
Minimal inverse-seesaw mechanism with Abelian flavour symmetries
Authors: Câmara H. B. , Felipe R. G. , Joaquim F. R. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We study the phenomenology of the minimal (2, 2) inverse-seesaw model supplemented with Abelian flavour symmetries. To ensure maximal predictability, we establish the most restrictive flavour patterns which can be realised by those symmetries. This setup requires adding an extra scalar doublet and two complex scalar singlets to the Standard Model, paving the way to implement spontaneous CP violation. It is shown that such CP-violating effects can be successfully communicated to the lepton sector through couplings of the scalar singlets to the new sterile fermions. The Majorana and Dirac CP phases turn out to be related, and the active-sterile neutrino mixing is determined by the active neutrino masses, mixing angles and CP phases. We investigate the constraints imposed on the model by the current experimental limits on lepton flavour-violating decays, especially those on the branching ratio BR(μ → eγ) and the capture rate CR(μ − e, Au). The prospects to further test the framework put forward in this work are also discussed in view of the projected sensitivities of future experimental searches sensitive to the presence of heavy sterile neutrinos. Namely, we investigate at which extent upcoming searches for μ → eγ, μ → 3e and μ − e conversion in nuclei will be able to test our model, and how complementary will future high-energy collider and beam-dump experiments be in that task.
Subsystem complexity after a global quantum quench
Authors: Di Giulio Giuseppe , Tonni Erik 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We study the temporal evolution of the circuit complexity for a subsystem in harmonic lattices after a global quantum quench of the mass parameter, choosing the initial reduced density matrix as the reference state. Upper and lower bounds are derived for the temporal evolution of the complexity for the entire system. The subsystem complexity is evaluated by employing the Fisher information geometry for the covariance matrices. We discuss numerical results for the temporal evolutions of the subsystem complexity for a block of consecutive sites in harmonic chains with either periodic or Dirichlet boundary conditions, comparing them with the temporal evolutions of the entanglement entropy. For infinite harmonic chains, the asymptotic value of the subsystem complexity is studied through the generalised Gibbs ensemble.
State counting on fibered CY 3-folds and the non-Abelian weak gravity conjecture
Authors: Cota Cesar Fierro , Klemm Albrecht , Schimannek Thorsten 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We extend the dictionary between the BPS spectrum of Heterotic strings and the one of F-/M-theory compactifications on K3 fibered Calabi-Yau 3-folds to cases with higher rank non-Abelian gauge groups and in particular to dual pairs between Heterotic CHL orbifolds and compactifications on Calabi-Yau 3-folds with a compatible genus one fibration. We show how to obtain the new supersymmetric index purely from the Calabi-Yau geometry by reconstructing the Noether-Lefschetz generators, which are vector-valued modular forms. There is an isomorphism between the latter objects and vector-valued lattice Jacobi forms, which relates them to the elliptic genera and twisted-twined elliptic genera of six- and five-dimensional Heterotic strings. The meromorphic Jacobi forms generate the dimensions of the refined cohomology of the Hilbert schemes of symmetric products of the fiber and allow us to refine the BPS indices in the fiber and therefore to obtain, conjecturally, actual state counts. Using the properties of the vector-valued lattice Jacobi forms we also provide a mathematical proof of the non-Abelian weak gravity conjecture for F-/M-theory compactified on this general class of fibered Calabi-Yau 3-folds.
On the stress tensor light-ray operator algebra
Authors: Belin Alexandre , Hofman Diego M. , Mathys Grégoire , Walters Matthew T. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We study correlation functions involving generalized ANEC operators of the form $$ \int {dx}^{-}{\left({x}^{-}\right)}^{n+2}{T}_{--}\left(\overrightarrow{x}\right) $$
∫

dx
−

x
−

n
+
2

T

−
−

x
→

in four dimensions. We compute two, three, and four-point functions involving external scalar states in both free and holographic Conformal Field Theories. From this information, we extract the algebra of these light-ray operators. We find a global subalgebra spanned by n = {−2, −1, 0, 1, 2} which annihilate the conformally invariant vacuum and transform among themselves under the action of the collinear conformal group that preserves the light-ray. Operators outside this range give rise to an infinite central term, in agreement with previous suggestions in the literature. In free theories, even some of the operators inside the global subalgebra fail to commute when placed at spacelike separation on the same null-plane. This lack of commutativity is not integrable, presenting an obstruction to the construction of a well defined light-ray algebra at coincident $$ \overrightarrow{x} $$

x
→

coordinates. For holographic CFTs the behavior worsens and operators with n ≠ −2 fail to commute at spacelike separation. We reproduce this result in the bulk of AdS where we present new exact shockwave solutions dual to the insertions of these (exponentiated) operators on the boundary.
The iRhom homology domain is indispensable for ADAM17-mediated TNFα and EGF receptor ligand release
Authors: Düsterhöft Stefan , Kahveci-Türköz Selcan , Wozniak Justyna , Seifert Anke , Kasparek Petr , Ohm Henrike , Liu Shixin , Kopkanova Jana , Lokau Juliane , Garbers Christoph , Preisinger Christian , Sedlacek Radislav , Freeman Matthew , Ludwig Andreas 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMembrane-tethered signalling proteins such as TNFα and many EGF receptor ligands undergo shedding by the metalloproteinase ADAM17 to get released. The pseudoproteases iRhom1 and iRhom2 are important for the transport, maturation and activity of ADAM17. Yet, the structural and functional requirements to promote the transport of the iRhom-ADAM17 complex have not yet been thoroughly investigated. Utilising in silico and in vitro methods, we here map the conserved iRhom homology domain (IRHD) and provide first insights into its structure and function. By focusing on iRhom2, we identified different structural and functional factors within the IRHD. We found that the structural integrity of the IRHD is a key factor for ADAM17 binding. In addition, we identified a highly conserved motif within an unstructured region of the IRHD, that, when mutated, restricts the transport of the iRhom-ADAM17 complex through the secretory pathway in in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo systems and also increases the half-life of iRhom2 and ADAM17. Furthermore, the disruption of this IRHD motif was also reflected by changes in the yet undescribed interaction profile of iRhom2 with proteins involved in intracellular vesicle transport. Overall, we provide the first insights into the forward trafficking of iRhoms which is critical for TNFα and EGF receptor signalling.
Perturbation Analysis for the Surface Deflection Angle of Ekman-Type Flows with Variable Eddy Viscosity
Authors: Roberti Luigi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn the setting of steady wind-driven oceanic currents in a non-equatorial two-layer ocean with constant eddy viscosity in the lower layer and a general continuous eddy viscosity profile in the upper layer, we derive a formula for the change of the surface deflection angle due to a perturbation (in the upper layer) of a given eddy viscosity profile for which the solution to the problem is known. This extends and generalizes previous results for perturbations of a constant eddy viscosity. The perturbation analysis is performed using a recent reformulation of the linear second-order governing equations for Ekman-type flows as a nonlinear first-order Riccati-type equation.