bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation and identification petroleum decomposing bacteria as the basis for management of Ambon Bays
Authors: Tuhumury N C , Mamesah J A B , Kaimudin R I 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to determine the bacteria that have the potential to degrade pertroleum in the waters of Ambon Bay. The research was conducted in July-September 2020 in the waters of Ambon Bay, precisely in two locations, namely PT. Perikanan Nusantara Ambon Branch Port in Galala (station 1) and Perikanan Nusantara Ambon Port in Tantui (station 2). The research method used was purposive sampling method on seawater sampling, laboratory-scale experimental method for the isolation of oil-decomposing bacteria, and morphological characterization observations using Stone Mineral Salt Solution Extract Yeast (SMSSe) media. The identification of bacteria uses macroscopic observation to observe the characteristics of the bacterial colony, while microscopic observation is used to observe the shape of the cell and the properties of the bacteria. Environmental parameters at the two stations include temperature, pH, DO, salinity, and brightness categorized as normal for bacterial growth. The results of bacterial isolation is that 7 isolates were obtained, consisting of 5 isolates found at station 1 and 2 isolates found at station 2. The highest total number of bacteria is 123.10-5 CFU/ml, while the lowest is 47.10-5 CFU/ml. In general, the characteristics of diesel oil-degrading bacterial isolates have circular and irregular colony forms, entire and lobate colony edges, raised and convex colony elevations, milky white, yellow, and cream colony colors, and bacilli and coccus cell shapes. Based on the results of gram isolate staining, there were 5gram negative bacterial isolates and 2gram positive bacterial isolates.
The supply chain risk assessment for tuna during the Covid-19 pandemic in Ambon by using the House of Risk Method
Authors: Paillin D B , Tupan J M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This study aims to mitigate risks in supply chain activities in tuna products during the Covid-19 pandemic. Method used in this research is House of Risk (HOR) approach by identifying each business process activity based on the Supply Chain Operation Reference (SCOR) model. House of Risk (HOR) offers a framework for controlling risk effectively in managing risk from risk agents. Aggregate Risk Potential (ARP) is used to determine the priority of risk sources that need to be done in designing a mitigation strategy. The results of the study identified 32 risk events and 52 risk agents. House of Risk (HOR) phase 1 shows that 11 Risk Agents will be prioritized for handling based on the highest ARP value, which further proposes 16 possible mitigation strategies. Based on the value of Effectiveness to Difficulty (ETD) from the House of Risk (HOR) phase 2, 12 mitigation strategy measures were taken from 16 proposed strategies that would be used to prevent risk causes.
Recognition of Tuberculosis Through Image Modalities
Authors: Bharath V , Gokul M , Parthasaarathi S , Vignesh U 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This project is based upon the different process determined for the recognition of lung tuberculosis using different modalities like filtering, lung boundaries detection, extraction of tuberculosis and performance evaluation measures. We all basically know about lung tuberculosis, which is caused by a bacterial infection that causes the majority of death rate around the world. It is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M tuberculosis). This project tries to detect the tuberculosis in minimum investment. In this project first we get the X-ray images of infected person. After that the X-ray images are given as the input then the preprocessing is applied in that we use filter which removes the unnecessary noise and also helps to acquire clear images. Then the output which is obtained from the preprocessing is given as the as the input for lung boundary detection after detecting the boundaries the output we detect is fused to get Lung Boundary Detection. In this LBD the features such as area, major and minor axis etc…are detected. Under the various process we detect the TB that is present in X-ray or not.
Review on indoor air quality in Indianbuildings
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Preethi , Saravanakumar P , Joshi Nikhil N , Harish B , Jeyanthi J 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
World Health Organisation reports Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and lung cancer has the second in top ten reasons of death worldwide accounting to 4.7 million deaths in 2016 next to Ischaemic heart disease and stroke. COPD and Lung cancer is a chronic disease which arises while (i) Inhaling a small amount of irritants over a long period of time (ii) Inhaling a large amount of irritants over a short period of time. Therefore Polluted air or contaminated air is the main reason behind the cause of COPD. Air Quality is classified into Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) and Indoor Air Quality (IAQ). IAQ has more influence on people than AAQ since 90% of time person spends indoor such as in home, office, industrial buildings worksite, etc,. Therefore proper maintaining proper indoor quality within the confined building can save people from diseases like COPD. Indoor Air Quality get poorer due to reasons like smoking, incomplete combustion of solid fuel, improper ventilation, etc,. In India there is no proper standards for Indoor Air Quality Assessment like Ambient Air Quality Assessment. Also the characteristic influencing Indoor Air Quality slightly differs from characteristics of Ambient Air Quality. According to ASHREA standard Indoor Air Quality is characterized with the parameters such as radon, aerosol and bioaerosol, VOC, etc,. Poor Indoor Air Quality can cause Sick Building Syndrome and Building related Illness too. It also influences the human comfort to people inside the building. Indian Buildings both residential and Commercial are constructed without proper ventilation leading to human discomfort and unnoticedindoorairpollutantscancauseserioushealthconcerns.
Biomechanical evaluation of suture materials used for abdominal fascial closure
Authors: Ortiz de Elguea-Lizarraga Jose Ignacio , Segura-Ibarra Victor , Vazquez-Armendariz Javier , Garcia-Garcia Ana Lucia , Diaz-Elizondo Jose Antonio , Rodriguez Ciro , Flores-Villalba Eduardo 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background. While there are clear recommendations for the technique and suture material for abdominal fascial closure, surgeons may have personal preferences arising from prevoius experiences or influenced during training. The decision of which suture material to use should not influence the outcome of fascial closure. The objective of this study is to analyze the influence of time and tension on the mechanical properties of sutures used for abdominal fascial closure. Methods. Polyglactin 910, polypropylene, and polydioxanone sutures were exposed to 8 and 10 newtons of constant tensile strain during a period of 7 and 14 days. They were then mechanically tested to assess changes in their properties regarding strength and deformation. Results. No significant changes were observed in maximum tensile force or extension within the different suture groups. Regarding deformation, polypropylene and polydioxanone did not exhibit alterations in their curve behavior, while polyglactin 910 did exhibit changes compared to the control group, as seen by the elevation in its Young modulus when manipulated. Conclusions. Our study finds that while different sutures behave differently, nor time or tension have a negative effect on their biomechanical resilience and can withstand tensile strengths well above any physiological or pathological condition.
Silver decorated lanthanum calcium manganate for electrochemical supercapacitor
Authors: Sun Xucong , Hao Zeyu , Nan Haoshan , Xu Jian , Tian Hongwei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Perovskite La0.5Ca0.5MnO3 (LCM) based materials are promising for electrode construction but their poor conductivities often lead to limited electrochemical performances. In this work, LCM was combined with Ag through the two-step process based on sol-gel and silver mirror reaction. The as-obtained LCM@Ag composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and x-ray powder diffraction. The mass percent determined by energy disperse spectroscopy combined with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was estimated at 5%. The electrochemical measurements showed LCM@Ag to possess superior specific capacitance of 287 C g−1 (179 F g−1) at 1.5 A g−1 while pure LCM delivered only 187 C g−1 (117 F g−1). The key to the improvement of performance can be attributed to the silver nanoparticle introduction, which leads to the enhancement of the electron transport capacity and ion diffusion for the composite. Meanwhile, the cycle stability slightly improved and the retention rate after 3,000 cycles at 10 A g−1 reached 66%. In sum, La0.5Ca0.5MnO3 perovskite system looks promising for electrode construction, where silver modification could improve the overall electrochemical properties.
Optical and structural proprieties of the new triblock copolymer (A-B-C) based on p-terphenyl, PVK and MEH-PPV for organic electronics: Experimental and theoretical study
Authors: Abbassi F , Almoneef M M , Mbarek M , Kreher D , Alimi K 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A new cross-linked triblock copolymer has been elaborated. The optical properties have demonstrated that the resulting material presents original properties compared to the pristine homopolymers. In fact, the optical absorption of the A-B-C copolymer overlapped all the ultraviolet (UV) and visible domain. Furthermore, combined with experimental analyses, DFT and TD-DFT calculations have been used to predict the most probable appropriate model structure of the triblock copolymer. So, the electronic properties of the selected model structure have been computed. All the obtained results support that this new copolymer is usable as an active layer in the optoelectronic fields due to its original properties.
Surface Fermi contours and phonon anomalies at the surface of the random alloy
Authors: Okada Michio , Rotenberg Eli , Kevan S D , Schäfer J , Plummer E W 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The impact of compositional disorder on physical properties is a subject of prime focus in many materials systems. In this paper, we report photoemission measurements of Mo1−x
Re
x
(110)-(1 × 1)H alloy surfaces to probe the relationship between the surface Fermi contours and giant Kohn anomalies observed in the surface phonon dispersion relations. Our measured nesting vectors precisely predict the composition dependence of the anomalous wave vectors.
Evaluation of synthetic and experimental training data in supervised machine learning applied to charge-state detection of quantum dots
Authors: Darulová J , Troyer M , Cassidy M C 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Automated tuning of gate-defined quantum dots is a requirement for large-scale semiconductor-based qubit initialisation. An essential step of these tuning procedures is charge-state detection based on charge stability diagrams. Using supervised machine learning to perform this task requires a large dataset for models to train on. In order to avoid hand labelling experimental data, synthetic data has been explored as an alternative. While providing a significant increase in the size of the training dataset compared to using experimental data, using synthetic data means that classifiers are trained on data sourced from a different distribution than the experimental data that is part of the tuning process. Here we evaluate the prediction accuracy of a range of machine learning models trained on simulated and experimental data, and their ability to generalise to experimental charge stability diagrams in two-dimensional electron gas and nanowire devices. We find that classifiers perform best on either purely experimental or a combination of synthetic and experimental training data, and that adding common experimental noise signatures to the synthetic data does not dramatically improve the classification accuracy. These results suggest that experimental training data as well as realistic quantum dot simulations and noise models are essential in charge-state detection using supervised machine learning.
A simple proof of scattering for the intercritical inhomogeneous NLS
Authors: Murphy Jason 
Published: June 2021

We adapt the argument of Dodson and Murphy [Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 145 (2017), pp. 4859–4867] to give a simple proof of scattering below the ground state for the intercritical inhomogeneous nonlinear Schrödinger equation. The decaying factor in the nonlinearity obviates the need for a radial assumption.
Non-parametric modelling of temporal and spatial counts data from RNA-seq experiments
Authors: BinTayyash Nuha , Georgaka Sokratia , John S T , Ahmed Sumon , Boukouvalas Alexis , Hensman James , Rattray Magnus 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Motivation
The negative binomial distribution has been shown to be a good model for counts data from both bulk and single-cell RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq). Gaussian process (GP) regression provides a useful non-parametric approach for modelling temporal or spatial changes in gene expression. However, currently available GP regression methods that implement negative binomial likelihood models do not scale to the increasingly large datasets being produced by single-cell and spatial transcriptomics.

Results
The GPcounts package implements GP regression methods for modelling counts data using a negative binomial likelihood function. Computational efficiency is achieved through the use of variational Bayesian inference. The GP function models changes in the mean of the negative binomial likelihood through a logarithmic link function and the dispersion parameter is fitted by maximum likelihood. We validate the method on simulated time course data, showing better performance to identify changes in over-dispersed counts data than methods based on Gaussian or Poisson likelihoods. To demonstrate temporal inference, we apply GPcounts to single-cell RNA-seq datasets after pseudotime and branching inference. To demonstrate spatial inference, we apply GPcounts to data from the mouse olfactory bulb to identify spatially variable genes and compare to two published GP methods. We also provide the option of modelling additional dropout using a zero-inflated negative binomial. Our results show that GPcounts can be used to model temporal and spatial counts data in cases where simpler Gaussian and Poisson likelihoods are unrealistic.

Availability and implementation
GPcounts is implemented using the GPflow library in Python and is available at https://github.com/ManchesterBioinference/GPcounts along with the data, code and notebooks required to reproduce the results presented here. The version used for this paper is archived at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5027066.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
On skill and chance in sport
Authors: Scarf Phil , Khare Akshay , Alotaibi Naif 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis work studies outcome uncertainty and competitive balance from a broad perspective. It considers four sports with varying scoring rates, from soccer with typically three goals per match to netball with one hundred goals per match. Within a general modelling framework for a two-competitor contest, we argue that outcome uncertainty, the extent to which the outcome of a contest is unpredictable, depends on scoring rate, on strength variation and on score dependence. Score dependence is essentially the tendency for scores to alternate because possession alternates and possession is advantageous. We regard competitive balance as lack of variation in strength or skill, so that when strength variation is large competitive balance is low and vice versa. Thus, we argue that the outcome of a contest depends on skill, scoring rate, score dependence and chance. This description of outcome is useful because it informs policy-making in sport about the design of scoring systems and the control of competitive imbalance. Broadly, we find that: soccer is relatively competitively unbalanced but outcomes are uncertain because the scoring rate is low; the Australian football league is competitively balanced and so outcomes are uncertain in spite of the high scoring rate in this sport; international rugby matches are relatively neither competitive nor uncertain so that little is left to chance; and netball matches have uncertain outcomes because scores are positively dependent.
Antibiotic Therapies forClostridioides difficileInfection in Children
Authors: Gonzales-Luna Anne J , Carlson Travis J , Garey Kevin W 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWhile rates of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) are increasing among children in the United States, studies assessing CDI treatment in children are severely lacking. Thus, treatment guidelines have historically relied on evidence from limited observational data in children and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted in adults to form recommendations. Currently, the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) recommend metronidazole and/or vancomycin for pediatric CDI depending on disease severity. Recently however, the first and only RCT of CDI treatment in children demonstrated fidaxomicin to be non-inferior to vancomycin, proving its safety and efficacy in this population. Additionally, observational data published since the IDSA/SHEA guidelines were released suggest metronidazole has lower rates of clinical improvement when compared to vancomycin in hospitalized children with non-severe CDI. Given these recent publications, fidaxomicin and vancomycin, instead of metronidazole, appear to be more appropriate, evidence-based options for the treatment of CDI in children.
Perimyocarditis in Adolescents After Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine
Authors: Tano Eric , San Martin Stephanie , Girgis Stephen , Martinez-Fernandez Yadira , Sanchez Vegas Carolina 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
On May 10, 2021, the Emergency Use Authorization of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine (BNT162b2) was expanded to include adolescents (May 10, 2021. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-authorizes-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-emergency-use). We describe clinical characteristics of 8 adolescents who presented over the course of 36 days to Nicklaus Children’s Hospital with perimyocarditis within 4 days of receiving a dose of BNT162b2 vaccine.
Inflammatory Arthritis Among Military Servicemen From a Rheumatology Center in Singapore
Authors: Chua Choon-Guan , Thong Bernard Yu-Hor 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTIntroductionMusculoskeletal disorders are one of the most common reasons military servicemen seek medical care during their line of duty. This study aims to review the clinical profile and outcomes of military personnel with inflammatory arthritis (IA) referred to a specialist rheumatology center in Singapore.Materials and MethodsConsecutive new case referrals from the Singapore Armed Forces medical centers during the study period January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2019, were retrospectively studied.ResultsThere were 123 referrals, comprising 112 (91.1%) males, with the majority being Chinese (110, 89.4%). The mean age was 25.5 ± 11.1 years. The most common diagnoses were gout (including chronic tophaceous gout; 34, 27.6%), spondyloarthritis (18, 14.6%), palindromic rheumatism (8, 6.5%), rheumatoid arthritis (4, 3.3%), and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (4, 3.3%). Among servicemen with gout, all were male, the majority (31, 91.3%) were Chinese, and mean age was 34.1 ± 8.8 years. Mean body mass index (BMI) was 27.5 ± 3.9 kg/m2, of which 41.2% had moderate-risk and 47.1% high-risk BMI for cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus (DM). Comorbidities included hyperlipidemia (14), hypertension (6), and type 2 DM (3). Urate lowering therapy was initiated in 27 (79.4%) patients, comprising allopurinol (85.2%), probenecid (11.1%), and their combination (3.7%). One patient developed allopurinol-induced hepatitis; none had severe cutaneous adverse reactions. Among the remaining patients with IA, conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) used were sulfasalazine (8), methotrexate (4), hydroxychloroquine (4), and leflunomide (2). Biologic DMARDs used in five patients comprised adalimumab (3) and golimumab (2).ConclusionServicemen with IA and good functional status can still be physically fit and deployable into certain combat and service support vocations. This will optimize manpower resources in military organizations with a shrinking young workforce.
Assessing the Impact of Military Service on Patient Health Literacy in an Otolaryngology Clinic
Authors: Morrison Danielle A , Riley Charles A , Tolisano Anthony M 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective
To examine the impact of military service on health literacy.

Study Design
Prospective, cross-sectional study.

Subjects and Methods
The validated Brief Health Literacy Screen (BHLS) with military supplement was administered to sequential adult patients (military and civilian) treated at two outpatient academic military otolaryngology clinics between November and December 2019. Inadequate health literacy, defined by a BHLS score ≤9, was the primary outcome measure. Secondary outcome measures included comparisons of inadequate BHLS scores with patient demographics and history of military service.

Results
Three hundred and eighty-two patients were evaluated during the study period. The median age was 48-57 years, with a majority being male (230, 60.2%), White (264, 69.1%), married (268, 70.2%), and active duty military (303, 79.3%). A minority reported history of PTSD (39, 13%) or traumatic brain injury (29, 9.6%). Overall, very few subjects (10, 2.6%) demonstrated inadequate health literacy. Patients with prior (1.6% vs 6.3%, P &lt; .05) or current (0% vs 5.0%, P &lt; .05) military service had lower rates of inadequate health literary as compared to civilians. Gender, race, marital status, history of PTSD, and history of traumatic brain injury did not significantly impact health literacy. In a multivariate regression model exploring history of military service, age was not predictive of inadequate health literacy.

Conclusions
Both history of and current military service predict higher health literacy rates for patients treated at military otolaryngology clinics. Widely accessible health care and mandatory health evaluations for service members to maintain deployment readiness may contribute to this finding but warrant additional study.
Towards a Genealogy of Forward-Looking Responsibility
Authors: Alfano Mark 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
I propose an account of how our forward-looking moral and epistemic responsibility practices arose, how they related to backward-looking responsibility practices, and what makes them stable. This account differs in several ways from prominent theories already in the literature. Traditionally, forward-looking accounts of responsibility are framed third-personally in terms of social control and neglect the perspective and agency of the responsible person. The account I develop allows that there are third-personal, control-based aspects of our responsibility practices, but it also makes room for the first-personal perspective of the responsible agent and emphasizes the role of partner choice and cooperative planning and action. Whereas existing research focuses on forward-looking accounts of the practice of holding others responsible, I offer an account of forward-looking practices of taking responsibility and assigning responsibility. I hope thereby to provide a richer and more plausible framework in which to think about responsibility and our practices related to it.