bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A fatal familial insomnia patient newly diagnosed as having depression
Authors: Yukang Tan , Jiaquan Liang , Xiaoling Li , Yiliang Liu , Guohong Xu , Caixia Xu , Guojun Xie 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Introduction:
Fatal familial insomnia (FFI) is a rare clinical case. The study was mainly to report the clinical symptoms and imaging and genetic characteristics of a FFI case with depression, with relevant literature summarized.

Patient concerns:
A male, aged 57 years old, with mental disorders and progressive memory decline one year before admission.

Diagnosis:
Clinical manifestations: he had obvious abnormal mental behavior, rapidly progressing dementia symptoms, stubborn insomnia, abnormal movements and laryngeal stridor after falling asleep at night. Imaging and genetic test results: the cranial magnetic resonance imaging showed frontal temporal lobe atrophy; the polysomnography results showed no effective sleep; the 14-3-3 test result of cerebrospinal fluid was negative; the prion protein (PRNP) test showed that the D178N gene locus had mutations. And the patient was finally diagnosed as FFI.

Interventions:
There were no obvious effects in the treatment using medicines such as Risperidone, Olanzapine, Alprazolam, Clonazepam, and Deanxit.

Outcomes:
Mobility dysfunction of the patient was further aggravated. He was no longer able to move around on his own, and there were serious mental disorders.

Conclusion:
PRNP examination is of guiding significance for the diagnosis of the FFI of depression. Hence, it is very necessary to perform PRNP examination in clinical diagnosis of FFI of depression.
Willing But Not Quite Ready: Nurses' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Research in an Academic Healthcare System
Authors: Nowlin Sarah , Rampertaap Kavita , Lulgjuraj Diana , Goldwire Tiffany , Cohen Bevin , Souffront Kimberly 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE
To describe nurses' research knowledge, attitudes, and practices within an academic hospital system.

BACKGROUND
Hospitals are investing in research resources to meet Magnet® goals and advance the science of nursing, but nurses' specific needs for support are not well characterized and may vary by setting.

METHODS
We conducted an anonymous online survey of RNs at an academic hospital system in 2019-2020 using the validated Nurses' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Research Survey.

RESULTS
Respondents (N = 99) indicated high willingness to engage in research-related tasks but low or moderate knowledge of and ability to perform them. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of research increased with level of education, although gaps between willingness to engage versus knowledge and ability persisted even among doctorally prepared nurses.

CONCLUSIONS
Research support for clinical nurses should leverage enthusiasm for research and focus on developing and applying specific practical skills, even among nurses with advanced degrees.
The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on people with HIV
Authors: del Amo Julia , Diaz Asuncion , Polo Rosa 
Published: November 2021

Purpose of review
The COVID-19 pandemic materialized in 2020, the year the international community had expected to meet the interim targets to end AIDS by 2030. Forty years into the HIV pandemic, the COVID-19 pandemic challenges the achievements made in HIV and may even reverse some of them.

Recent findings
This article provides an overview of the impact of COVID-19 on people with, and at risk of, HIV infection. It addresses where the global response to HIV was expected to be by 2020, analyzes the impact of COVID-19 on HIV-related outcomes and reviews the impact of HIV on COVID-19 related outcomes.

Summary
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on the response to HIV infection through disruption of prevention, testing, and access to antiretroviral treatment, as well as on the management of long-term HIV and mental health. This negative impact has been unequal throughout the world and across populations and deepens inequities in health. HIV does not increase Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) susceptibility once confounders are taken into account and inconsistencies are reported regarding its direct role on clinical severity. In post-COVID-19 scenarios, new models for HIV testing and care are likely to be consolidated. Monitoring responses needs high-quality epidemiological data and collaborative research.
Anticoagulation after stroke: persistent uncertainties
Authors: Siepen Bernhard M. , Seiffge David J. , Fischer Urs 
Published: November 2021

Purpose of review
Direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) are the mainstay of anticoagulant therapy for stroke prevention in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Persistent uncertainties remain in different areas, and this review discusses current dilemmas based on selected studies.

Recent findings
Optimal timing of DOAC initiation after a recent ischaemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation is currently unknown and subject of ongoing randomized controlled trials. Ischaemic stroke despite anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation is frequent, constitutes heterogeneous causes (competing stroke cause, medication error and cardioembolism despite anticoagulation) and optimal treatment is currently unknown. Thorough etiological work-up is justified. Recent randomized controlled trials found no beneficial effect of DOAC therapy in unselected patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS). Currently ongoing trials targeting subgroup of ESUS patients with additional atrial cardiopathy will provide novel data. Cerebral mircobleeds combined in a novel risk score (MICON score) provide good predictive value to stratify the risk of intracranial haemorrhage in patients taking anticoagulants. Use of DOAC after intracerebral haemorrhage in patients with atrial fibrillation is subject of ongoing trials.

Summary
There are still significant uncertainties in anticoagulant management in patients with stroke. Ongoing trials will soon provide novel data to improve management of these patients.
Intracranial approach for sub-second monitoring of neurotransmitters during DBS electrode implantation does not increase infection rate
Authors: Liebenow Brittany , Williams Michelle , Wilson Thomas , Haq Ihtsham ul , Siddiqui Mustafa S. , Laxton Adrian W. , Tatter Stephen B. , Kishida Kenneth T. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionCurrently, sub-second monitoring of neurotransmitter release in humans can only be performed during standard of care invasive procedures like DBS electrode implantation. The procedure requires acute insertion of a research probe and additional time in surgery, which may increase infection risk. We sought to determine the impact of our research procedure, particularly the extended time in surgery, on infection risk.MethodsWe screened 607 DBS electrode implantation procedures performed at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center between January 2011 through October 2020 using International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes for infection. During this period, 116 cases included an IRB approved 30-minute research protocol, during the DBS electrode implantation surgery, to monitor sub-second neurotransmitter release. We used Fisher’s Exact test (FET) to determine if there was a significant change in the infection rate following DBS electrode implantation procedures that included, versus those that did not include, the neurotransmitter monitoring research protocol.ResultsWithin 30-days following DBS electrode implantation, infection was observed in 7 (1.43%) out of 491 procedures that did not include the research procedure and 2 (1.72%) of the 116 procedures that did include the research procedure. Total infection rates (i.e., not constrained by 30-day time window) for all non-research cases was 28/491 (5.70%) and only 4/116 (3.45%) for research inclusive cases. Notably, all types of infection observed were typical of those expected for DBS electrode implantation.ConclusionTotal infection rates are not statistically different in patients who performed the research procedure (3.45% vs. 5.70%; p = 0.4872, FET) and not statistically different across research and non-research groups within 30-days following the research procedure (1.72% vs. 1.43%; p = 0.684, FET). Our results demonstrate that the research procedures used for sub-second monitoring of neurotransmitter release in humans can be performed without increasing the rate of infection.
FLI1 and FRA1 transcription factors drive the transcriptional regulatory networks characterizing muscle invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Guneri-Sozeri Perihan Yagmur , Yilmaz Gulden Ozden , Kisim Asli , Cakiroglu Ece , Eray Aleyna , Uzuner Hamdiye , Karakülah Gökhan , Okvur Devrim Pesen , Senturk Serif , Erkek-Ozhan Serap 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBladder cancer is mostly present in the form of urothelium carcinoma, causing over 150,000 deaths each year. Its histopathological classification as muscle invasive (MIBC) and non-muscle invasive (NMIBC) is the most prominent aspect, affecting the prognosis and progression of this disease. In this study, we defined the active regulatory landscape of MIBC and NMIBC cell lines using H3K27ac ChIP-seq and used an integrative approach to combine our findings with existing data. Our analysis revealed FRA1 and FLI1 as two critical transcription factors differentially regulating MIBC regulatory landscape. We show that FRA1 and FLI1 regulate the genes involved in epithelial cell migration and cell junction organization. Knock-down of FRA1 and FLI1 in MIBC revealed the downregulation of several EMT-related genes such asMAP4K4andFLOT1. Further, ChIP-SICAP performed for FRA1 and FLI1 enabled us to infer chromatin binding partners of these transcription factors and link this information with their target genes. Finally, for the first time we show that knock-down of FRA1 and FLI1 result in significant reduction of invasion capacity of MIBC cells towards muscle microenvironment using IC-CHIP assays. Our results collectively highlight the role of these transcription factors in selection and design of targeted options for treatment of MIBC.
Novel RNA viruses associated with avian haemosporidian parasites
Authors: Rodrigues Jose Roberto , Roy Scott William , Sehgal Ravinder 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAvian haemosporidian parasites can cause malaria-like symptoms in their hosts and have been implicated in the demise of some bird species. The newly described Matryoshka RNA viruses (MaRNAV1 and MaRNAV2) infect parasites that in turn infect their vertebrate hosts. MaRNAV2 was the first RNA virus discovered associated with parasites of the genus Leucocytozoon. By analyzing metatranscriptomes from the NCBI SRA database with local sequence alignment tools, we detected two novel RNA viruses; we describe them as MaRNAV3 associated with Leucocytozoon and MaRNAV4 associated with Parahaemoproteus. These had ~40-60% amino acid identity to the RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (RdRp) of MaRNAV1 and 2, respectively. These findings lead us to hypothesize that MaRNAV_like viruses are widespread and tightly associated with the order Haemosporida since they have been described in human Plasmodium vivax, and now two genera of avian haemosporidians.
Improving behavior monitoring of free moving dairy cows using non invasive wireless EEG approach and digital signal processing techniques
Authors: de Sousa Silva Ana Carolina , Arce Aldo Ivan Céspedes , Miñano Hubert Luzdemio Arteaga , Atzingen Gustavo Voltani von , Sarnighausen Valeria Cristina Rodrigues , Costa Ernane José Xavier 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundElectroencephalography (EEG) is the most common method to access brain information. Techniques to monitor and to extract brain signal characteristics in farm animals are not as developed as in humans and laboratory animals.New methodThe method comprised two steps. In the first step, the signals were acquired after the telemetric equipment was developed, the electrodes were positioned and fixed, the sample frequency was defined, the equipment was positioned, and artifacts and other acquisition problems were dealt with. Brain signals from six Holstein heifers that could move freely in free stalls were acquired. The control group consisted in the same number of bovines, contained in a climatic chamber (restrained group). In the second step, the signals were characterized by Power Spectral Density, Short-Time Fourier Transform, and Lempel-Ziv complexity.ResultsThe results indicated that there was an ideal position to attach the electrodes to the front of the bovine’s head, so that longer artifact-free signal sections were acquired. The signals showed typical EEG frequency bands, like the bands found in humans. The Lempel-Ziv complexity values indicated that the bovine brain signals contained random and chaotic components. As expected, the signals acquired from the retained bovine group displayed sections with a larger number of artifacts.Comparison with existing methodsWe present the first method that helps to monitor and to extract brain signal features in unrestrained bovines.ConclusionsThe method could be applied to investigate changes in brain electrical activity during animal farming, to monitor brain activity related with animal behavior.HighlightsA method that allows brain signals to be monitored in freely moving dairy cows is describedThe method uses noninvasive electrodes to minimize stress during EEG monitoring and allows bovines to behave normally during the processThe method establishes the frequency sampling rate, electrodes positioning and fixation, equipment holding, artifact extraction, and signal characterizationThe brain signals are characterized by PSD, STFT, and Lempel-Ziv normalized complexityThe method can be applied to relate EEG to animal behavior under normal handling conditions
Genome context influences evolutionary flexibility of nearly identical type III effectors in two phytopathogenic Pseudomonads
Authors: Baltrus David A. , Feng Qian , Kvitko Brian H 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntegrative Conjugative Elements (ICEs) are replicons that can insert and excise from chromosomal locations in a site specific manner, can conjugate across strains, and which often carry a variety of genes useful for bacterial growth and survival under specific conditions. Although ICEs have been identified and vetted within certain clades of the agricultural pathogen Pseudomonas syringae, the impact of ICE carriage and transfer across the entire P. syringae species complex remains underexplored. Here we identify and vet an ICE (PmaICE-DQ) from P. syringae pv. maculicola ES4326, a strain commonly used for laboratory virulence experiments, demonstrate that this element can excise and conjugate across strains, and contains loci encoding multiple type III effector proteins. Moreover, genome context suggests that another ICE (PmaICE-AOAB) is highly similar in comparison with and found immediately adjacent to PmaICE-DQ within the chromosome of strain ES4326, and also contains multiple type III effectors. Lastly, we present passage data from in planta experiments that suggests that genomic plasticity associated with ICEs may enable strains to more rapidly lose type III effectors that trigger R-gene mediated resistance in comparison to strains where nearly isogenic effectors are not present in ICEs. Taken together, our study sheds light on a set of ICE elements from P. syringae pv. maculicola ES4326 and highlights how genomic context may lead to different evolutionary dynamics for shared virulence genes between strains.
Discovering Novel Antimicrobial Peptides in Generative Adversarial Network
Authors: Lin Tzu-Tang , Yang Li-Yen , Wang Ching-Tien , Lai Ga-Wen , Ko Chi-Fong , Shih Yang-Hsin , Chen Shu-Hwa , Lin Chung-Yen 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTDue to the growing number of clinical antibiotic resistance cases in recent years, novel antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) can become ideal for next-generation antibiotics. This study trained a deep convolutional generative adversarial network (GAN) with known AMPs to generate novel AMP candidates. The quality of the GAN-designed peptides was evaluated in silico, and eight of them named GAN-pep 1∼8 were chosen to be synthesized for further experiments. Disk diffusion testing and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination were used to determine the antibacterial effects of the synthesized GAN-designed peptides. Seven out of the eight synthesized GAN-designed peptides showed antibacterial activities.Additionally, GAN-pep 3 and GAN-pep 8 had a broad spectrum of antibacterial effects. Both of them were also effective against antibiotic-resistant bacteria strains such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). GAN-pep 3, the most promising GAN-designed peptide candidate, had low MICs against all the tested bacteria.
Individual antecedents of i-deals: the role of self-efficacy, networking abilities and perceived employability
Authors: Marino Jorgelina , Dabos Guillermo E. , Rivero Andrea G. , Pujol-Cols Lucas 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThis study aims to examine the direct and indirect effects of self-efficacy, networking abilities and perceived employability on the negotiation of idiosyncratic deals (i-deals) between individual workers and their employers.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 213 managerial professionals – a non-random sample – working for different small and medium-sized enterprises from several industries in Argentina were surveyed online. Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results revealed that self-efficacy and networking abilities exert an indirect effect on i-deal negotiation through perceived employability. Those individuals with higher levels of self-efficacy or greater networking abilities tend to develop more positive perceptions of their employability and, therefore, are more prompted to negotiate i-deals with their employers.Research limitations/implicationsThis research sheds light on the dynamics underlying the relationship of employees' characteristics and skills with i-deal negotiation. Besides, it provides further evidence that individual bargaining has become widespread in professional employment contexts, above and beyond the collective labor agreements that prevail in most Latin American countries.Practical implicationsSelf-efficacy and networking abilities can be relevant individual factors in understanding i-deal negotiation, given that both shape employees' perceptions of employability.Originality/valueAlthough the impact of employee characteristics and skills on the idiosyncratic negotiation of employment terms has been broadly recognized, scholars have called for further exploration of the mechanisms underlying this relationship. By simultaneously investigating the impact of self-efficacy, networking abilities and perceived employability on i-deals, this study provides a more comprehensive understanding of how an individual's personal characteristics and skills facilitate the idiosyncratic negotiation of employment terms.
Determinants affecting consumers' attention to fish eco-labels in purchase decisions: a cross-country study
Authors: Galati Antonino , Miret-Pastor Lluís , Siggia Dario , Crescimanno Maria , Fiore Mariantonietta 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of consumer altruism and other socio-cultural factors in predicting how much attention consumers pay to seafood eco-labels.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical investigation was carried out by administering an online questionnaire to a sample of Italian and Spanish people from December 2019 to April 2020. After carrying out the principal component analysis procedure, the work made use of an ordinal logistic regression.FindingsBoth Italian and Spanish consumers with an altruistic attitude, who feel that food produced in a sustainable way can protect the environment and workers, appear more likely to take an eco-label into account. In addition, in both countries, consumers with a higher level of education and in the older age range are more likely to read eco-labels before buying fish products.Research limitations/implicationsThe first limitation is mainly related to the sampling procedure, which is not probabilistic and does not allow for generalisation of the results. Furthermore, some indicators related to COVID-19 were not included as the planning stage of the research methodology occurred before the pandemic.Practical implicationsA better understanding of the main determinants predicting consumers' attention to seafood eco-labels could be crucial to promote effective marketing strategies aimed at increasing consumer interest and awareness in sustainable seafood and eco-labels.Originality/valueExploring the role of consumers' altruism in how much attention is paid to seafood eco-labels appears to be a new approach that emphasises the role of altruism as a variable capable of bridging the “value-action gap”.
Intern-turn fault modeling and diagnosis in permanent magnet vernier machine using modified magnetic equivalent circuit method
Authors: Rostami Mohsen , Naderi Peyman , Shiri Abbas 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
The aim of this paper is to propose the model for analyzing the electromagnetic performances of permanent magnet vernier machines (PMVMs) under healthy and faulty conditions.

Design/methodology/approach
The model uses interconnected reluctance network formed based on the geometrical approximations to predict magnetic performances of the machine. The network consists of several types of reluctances for modeling different parts of machine. Applying Kirchhoffs laws in the network and the machine windings, magnetic and electrical equations are obtained, respectively. To construct the model system of equations, the electrical equation is converted into algebraic form by using the trapezoidal technique. Moreover, the system of equations must be solved by Newton–Raphson method in each step-time because of considering the core saturation effect.

Findings
The proposed model is developed based on the modified magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC) method, in which the number of flux paths in different parts of the machine can be arbitrary selected. The saturation effect, skewed slots, the desired machine geometrical parameters and various winding arrangements are included in the proposed model; therefore, it can evaluate the time and space harmonics in modeling the PMVMs. Furthermore, a pattern for inter-turn fault detection is extracted from the stator current spectrum. Finally, 2 D-finite element method (FEM) and 3 D-FEM analysis are carried out to evaluate and verify the results of the proposed MEC model.

Originality/value
Generally, the element numbers have important role in modeling the machine and calculating its performance. Hence, the proposed MEC model’s capability to choose desired number of flux paths is advantage of this paper. Moreover, the developed MEC can be used for analyzing several electrical machines, including other types of vernier machines, with simple modification.