bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent advances in the temporal and spatiotemporal dynamics induced by bromate–sulfite-based pH-oscillators
Authors: Szalai István , Dúzs Brigitta , Molnár István , Kurin-Csörgei Krisztina , Orbán Miklós 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe bromate–sulfite reaction-based pH-oscillators represent one of the most useful subgroup among the chemical oscillators. They provide strong H+-pulses which can generate temporal oscillations in other systems coupled to them and they show wide variety of spatiotemporal dynamics when they are carried out in different gel reactors. Some examples are discussed. When pH-dependent chemical and physical processes are linked to a bromate–sulfite-based oscillator, rhythmic changes can appear in the concentration of some cations and anions, in the distribution of the species in a pH-sensitive stepwise complex formation, in the oxidation number of the central cation in a chelate complex, in the volume or the desorption-adsorption ability of a piece of gel. These reactions are quite suitable for generating spatiotemporal patterns in open reactors. Many reaction–diffusion phenomena, moving and stationary patterns, have been recently observed experimentally using different reactor configurations, which allow exploring the effect of different initial and boundary conditions. Here, we summarize the most relevant aspects of these experimental and numerical studies on bromate–sulfite reaction-based reaction–diffusion systems.
A feminist ethos for caring knowledge production in transdisciplinary sustainability science
Authors: Staffa Rachel K. , Riechers Maraja , Martín-López Berta 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTransdisciplinary Sustainability Science has emerged as a viable answer to current sustainability crises with the aim to strengthen collaborative knowledge production. To expand its transformative potential, we argue that Transdisciplinary Sustainability Science needs to thoroughly engage with questions of unequal power relations and hierarchical scientific constructs. Drawing on the work of the feminist philosopher María Puig de la Bellacasa, we examine a feminist ethos of care which might provide useful guidance for sustainability researchers who are interested in generating critical-emancipatory knowledge. A feminist ethos of care is constituted by three interrelated modes of knowledge production: (1) thinking-with, (2) dissenting-within and (3) thinking-for. These modes of thinking and knowing enrich knowledge co-production in Transdisciplinary Sustainability Science by (i) embracing relational ontologies, (ii) relating to the ‘other than human’, (iii) cultivating caring academic cultures, (iv) taking care of non-academic research partners, (v) engaging with conflict and difference, (vi) interrogating positionalities and power relations through reflexivity, (vii) building upon marginalised knowledges via feminist standpoints and (viii) countering epistemic violence within and beyond academia. With our paper, we aim to make a specific feminist contribution to the field of Transdisciplinary Sustainability Science and emphasise its potentials to advance this field.
Adult Neural Stem Cell Migration Is Impaired in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Esteve Daniel , Molina-Navarro María Micaela , Giraldo Esther , Martínez-Varea Noelia , Blanco-Gandia Mari-Carmen , Rodríguez-Arias Marta , García-Verdugo José Manuel , Viña José , Lloret Ana 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNeurogenesis in the adult brain takes place in two neurogenic niches: the ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ) and the subgranular zone. After differentiation, neural precursor cells (neuroblasts) have to move to an adequate position, a process known as neuronal migration. Some studies show that in Alzheimer’s disease, the adult neurogenesis is impaired. Our main aim was to investigate some proteins involved both in the physiopathology of Alzheimer’s disease and in the neuronal migration process using the APP/PS1 Alzheimer’s mouse model. Progenitor migrating cells are accumulated in the V-SVZ of the APP/PS1 mice. Furthermore, we find an increase of Cdh1 levels and a decrease of Cdk5/p35 and cyclin B1, indicating that these cells have an alteration of the cell cycle, which triggers a senescence state. We find less cells in the rostral migratory stream and less mature neurons in the olfactory bulbs from APP/PS1 mice, leading to an impaired odour discriminatory ability compared with WT mice. Alzheimer’s disease mice present a deficit in cell migration from V-SVZ due to a senescent phenotype. Therefore, these results can contribute to a new approach of Alzheimer’s based on senolytic compounds or pro-neurogenic factors.
A Model for the Anomalous Velocity-Undercooling Behaviour of Levitated Al-Ni Alloys On-board the International Space Station
Authors: Mullis Andrew M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAl-Ni alloys (for Ni < 45 at.%) show a unique property in that, over at least part of the accessible undercooling range, the recalescence velocity measured in electromagnetically levitated samples is observed to decrease as the undercooling increases. This result has been subject to careful validation, including microgravity experiments utilising the TEMPUS levitation facility on-board the International Space Station (ISS). In these experiments, anomalous growth is observed to coincide with a recalescence morphology comprising multiple circular growth fronts [Herlach et al. Phys. Rev. Mat. 3, 073,402 (2019)], termed “scales”. In this paper we present an analysis of high speed video data from the ISS experiments in which we show that such scale-like growth is consistent with a recalescence front that is initially confined to a thin layer on the surface of the sample. This then nucleates a slower, radial inward growth, which is consistent with microstructures observed in Al-Ni droplets. We show that such surface recalescence would be favoured for samples which were surface enriched in Ni, wherein the recalescence velocity (at fixed nucleation temperature) increases rapidly with Ni-concentration. Moreover, it is shown that the anomalous velocity behaviour can be matched in all compositions studied if the surface enhancement in Ni is a linear function of the nucleation temperature with a gradient of 0.03 at.% K−1. Analysis of historical results from the literature indicates that such surface Ni-enhancement may have been present, but overlooked, in other experiments on Al-rich Al-Ni droplets.
Moment tests of independent components
Authors: Amengual Dante , Fiorentini Gabriele , Sentana Enrique 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe propose simple specification tests for independent component analysis and structural vector autoregressions with non-Gaussian shocks that check the normality of a single shock and the potential cross-sectional dependence among several of them. Our tests compare the integer (product) moments of the shocks in the sample with their population counterparts. Importantly, we explicitly consider the sampling variability resulting from using shocks computed with consistent parameter estimators. We study the finite sample size of our tests in several simulation exercises and discuss some bootstrap procedures. We also show that our tests have non-negligible power against a variety of empirically plausible alternatives.
Optimization of rice straw pretreatment with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate by the response surface method
Authors: Poy Helena , Lladosa Estela , Gabaldón Carmen , Loras Sonia 
Published: December 2021

AbstractRice straw (RS) is a promising feedstock for transformation into biofuels and bioproducts due to its high sugar content and worldwide availability. However, a pretreatment step is necessary in order to disrupt the RS complex lignocellulosic matrix. The aim of this work was to study RS pretreatment with the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim][OAc]) to maximize the enzymatic hydrolysis yield. For this purpose, a response surface method (RSM) based on a central composite design (CCD) was used, with temperature (53–137 °C), time (0.3–6.2 h), and solid loading (3.3–11.7% dry weight) as process variables. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) results suggested that temperature was the most significant factor affecting the fermentable sugar yield of [Emim][OAc]-pretreated RS samples. The selected conditions for this pretreatment were 120 °C, 5 h, and 5% (w/w), obtaining 29.8 g/L of potentially fermentable sugars. In these conditions, maximum delignification was achieved (64.9%) as well as maximum reduction of the crystallinity index (62.2%), as determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis were used to confirm the RS amorphous structure after the pretreatment with [Emim][OAc] and showed that it had a more disordered and accessible structure.
Natural language query formalization to SPARQL for querying knowledge bases using Rasa
Authors: Mishra Divyansh Shankar , Agarwal Abhinav , Swathi B. P. , Akshay K C. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe idea of data to be semantically linked and the subsequent usage of this linked data with modern computer applications has been one of the most important aspects of Web 3.0. However, the actualization of this aspect has been challenging due to the difficulties associated with building knowledge bases and using formal languages to query them. In this regard, SPARQL, a recursive acronym for standard query language and protocol for Linked Open Data and Resource Description Framework databases, is a most popular formal querying language. Nonetheless, writing SPARQL queries is known to be difficult, even for experts. Natural language query formalization, which involves semantically parsing natural language queries to their formal language equivalents, has been an essential step in overcoming this steep learning curve. Recent work in the field has seen the usage of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques for language modelling with adequate accuracy. This paper discusses a design for creating a closed domain ontology, which is then used by an AI-powered chat-bot that incorporates natural language query formalization for querying linked data using Rasa for entity extraction after intent recognition. A precision–recall analysis is performed using in-built Rasa tools in conjunction with our own testing parameters, and it is found that our system achieves a precision of 0.78, recall of 0.79 and F1-score of 0.79, which are better than the current state of the art.
A new self-adaptive accelerated method for generalized split system of common fixed-point problem of averaged mappings
Authors: Gebrie Anteneh Getachew , Bedane Dejene Shewakena 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to propose a new inertial self-adaptive algorithm for generalized split system of common fixed point problems of finite family of averaged mappings in the framework of Hilbert spaces. The weak convergence theorem of the proposed method is given and its theoretical application for solving several generalized problems is presented. The behavior and efficiency of the proposed algorithm is illustrated by some numerical tests.
Implementation of a viscoplastic substrate creep model in the thermomechanical simulation of the WAAM process
Authors: Springer S. , Röcklinger A. , Leitner M. , Grün F. , Gruber T. , Lasnik M. , Oberwinkler B. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis research work focusses on the implementation of a viscoplastic creep model in the thermomechanical simulation of the wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) process for Ti-6Al-4 V structures. Due to the characteristic layer by layer manufacturing within the WAAM process, viscoplastic material effects occur, which can be covered by implementing a creep model in the thermomechanical simulation. Experimental creep tests with a wide temperature, load and time range were carried out to examine short-term creep behaviour in particular. A Norton-Bailey creep law is used to accurately fit the experimental data and describe the base material’s creep behaviour. Subsequently, the fitted Norton-Bailey creep law was implemented in the thermomechanical simulation of the WAAM process. Finally, to determine the effect of creep on global distortion and local residual stress state in the substrate, simulations of a simplified linear, three-layer WAAM structure, with and without applying the implemented creep law, were carried out and compared to experimental data. The thermomechanical simulation with implemented creep model reveals a significant improvement in the numerical estimation of distortion and residual stress state in the substrate. The maximum distortion is reduced by about 13% and respectively the mean absolute percentage error between simulation and experiment decreases by about 34%. Additionally, the estimation accuracy with respect to the local residual stress state in the substrate improved by about 10%.
Measuring Heterogeneity in 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Images for Classifying Metastatic and Benign Bone Lesions in Patients with Cervical Cancer
Authors: Liu Feng-Yuan , Lin Gigin , Tseng Jing-Ren , Chao Angel , Huang Huei-Jean , Chou Hung-Hsueh , Chang Yu-Chen , Yen Tzu-Chen , Lai Chyong-Huey 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Heterogeneity assessment can be applied for medical imaging analysis. Here, we evaluated first-order and texture analysis (TA) metrics in 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging for classification of metastatic and benign bone lesions in patients with cervical cancer.

Methods
The data of 18F-FDG PET studies performed on a specific PET/CT system from 2016 to 2018 in patients with cervical cancer were retrieved. The data of bone lesions extracted from studies over 2016–2017 and 2018 were used as training and validation datasets, respectively. Metastatic bone lesions were identified in each dataset, with an equal number of benign bone lesions selected. Cuboid volume of interest (VOI) consisting of 3 × 3 × 5 reconstructed voxels was applied for first-order metrics, and cubic VOI consisting of smaller voxels with trilinear interpolation of standardized uptake value (SUV) was adopted for TA metrics. First-order metrics included the maximum SUV (SUVmax) of lesions and the mean voxel SUV and its standard deviation (SUVsd), skewness, and kurtosis in VOI. In total, 4464 TA metrics based on 62 texture features were evaluated. Logistic regression was used for classification with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) as the performance measure.

Results
From the training and validation datasets, 98 and 42 metastatic bone lesions were identified, respectively. SUVsd demonstrated higher performance than did SUVmax in both the training (AUC .798 vs .732, P = .001) and validation (AUC .786 vs .684, P < .001) datasets. Top-performing TA metrics demonstrated significantly higher performance in the training dataset, but not in the validation dataset.

Conclusion
A simple first-order measure of heterogeneity, SUVsd, was found to be superior to SUVmax for the classification of metastatic and benign bone lesions. Multiple hypothesis testing can result in false-positive findings in TA with multiple features and parameters; careful validation is required.
Detection of drought tolerance-related QTL in the Plainsman V./Cappelle Desprez doubled haploid wheat population
Authors: Nagy É. , Szabó-Hevér Á. , Lehoczki-Krsjak S. , Lantos C. , Kiss E. , Pauk J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDrought stress is one of the major abiotic factors that significantly reduces wheat grain yield. Improving drought tolerance is a challenge that plant breeders are facing nowadays. In this study, our goal was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) in the Plainsman V./Cappelle Desprez doubled haploid (DH) population under drought induced as decreased irrigation (ds) and well-watered (ww) conditions in glasshouse. In total, 54 QTL were detected across the three years in two water regimes linked to 10 drought tolerance-related agronomic traits. Out of the detected QTL regions several have been previously reported. The QTL on chromosome 1A (wPt-744613-wPt-8016) related to thousand grain weight was detected in both ds and ww conditions, explaining the 12.7–17.4% of the phenotypic variance. QTL for grain yield was detected on chromosomes 1A, and 6B in the ds treatment. Numerous QTL was identified under both irrigation levels.
Sexual Motivations Underlying Compulsive Sexual Behavior in Women and Men from Germany and Hungary
Authors: Koós Mónika , Fuss Johannes , Klein Verena , Demetrovics Zsolt , Bőthe Beáta 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundThere are ongoing debates about conflicting models on how to conceptualize compulsive sexual behavior. At the heart of these discussions is the question about the sexual motivations underlying compulsive sexual behavior, as different models assume different motivations.AimThe aim of the present study was to understand sexual motivations underlying compulsive sexual behavior and their relation to the most prominent conceptualizations of compulsive sexual behavior (eg, compulsive sexual behavior disorder [CSBD], sex addiction).MethodsWe used self-reported data from 2 large samples of Hungarian and German populations (N = 9814). The Sexual Motivation Scale (SexMS), a 24-item self-report measure based on self-determination theory, was used to assess a diverse set of sexual motivations. Compulsive sexual behavior was assessed with the 19-item Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder Scale (CSBD-19), that is based on the ICD-11 diagnostic guidelines of CSBD. We used structural equation modeling to examine the hypothesized associations between sexual motivations and compulsive sexual behavior and examined potential gender differences in these associations.OutcomesCompulsive sexual behavior was assessed in relation to a set of sexual motivations.ResultsAmotivation had the strongest positive association with compulsive sexual behavior, but integrated, introjected, and intrinsic motivations were also positively related to it. Importantly, these associations did not differ for women and men, and between the 2 samples.Clinical ImplicationsFuture research and treatment should also consider sexual motivations that are not listed among the ICD-11 guidelines for CSBD, including high levels of sexual interest, continuing the behavior despite having little satisfaction from it and coping with sex.Strengths & LimitationsAlthough we used large samples of general populations in 2 Western countries, this motivational background of compulsive sexual behavior awaits replication in a clinical sample of individuals experiencing CSBD.ConclusionThe identified sexual motivations underlying compulsive sexual behavior are relevant for assessing and treating patients as motivations may be integrated into psychotherapeutic interventions.
Evaluation of Bias Correction Methods for Regional Climate Models: Downscaled Rainfall Analysis Over Diverse Agroclimatic Zones of India
Authors: Jaiswal Rohit , Mall R. K. , Singh Nidhi , Lakshmi Kumar T. V. , Niyogi Dev 
Published: December 2021

AbstractRegional climate models (RCMs) are routinely applied for regional climate assessments. The RCM simulated rainfall typically overpredict the light rain/drizzle events. To correct the typical errors noted in RCM rainfall simulations, in this study, three bias‐correction methods: linear scaling (SCL), local intensity scaling (LOCI), and empirical quantile mapping (EQM), have been employed. These methods are used to correct monsoon rainfall simulations from 7 RCMs across 14 agroclimatic zones (ACZs) in India from 1970 to 2005. The corrected rainfall data were compared to the observations obtained from India Meteorological Department. The performance of the three methods was assessed using: probability distribution function, consecutive dry day index (CDD), R95 (rainfall distribution at 95th percentile), and spatial correlation. The results vary spatially across the different ACZs. Overall, SCL method is more effective followed by EQM while LOCI was relatively less effective in correcting the errors. Spatial analysis of the rainfall indicates notable improvements over the Western Himalayan Region, which has a complex topography and land use. Error metricsreveal broad improvements across different ACZs, except for Central Plateau Hill Region, East Coast Plain Hill Region, and Southern Plateau Hill Region. The SCL and EQM perform well, and the results are particularly good for simulating wet days (R95), while no distinct variation was found among correction methods to reduce dry bias (CDD). The results provide ACZ and region‐specific utilization of an effective bias correction technique for impact assessment studies in the Indian monsoon region.
Sensitivity of Sea‐Surface Enthalpy and Momentum Fluxes to Sea Spray Microphysics
Authors: Sroka Sydney , Emanuel Kerry 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAccurate estimates of air‐sea enthalpy and momentum fluxes are critically important for hurricane intensity predictions. However, calculating these fluxes is challenging due to the nature of the air‐sea transition region. At extreme wind speeds, a substantial amount of sea spray is lofted making it necessary to calculate the sea spray‐mediated enthalpy and momentum fluxes. These calculations rely on microphysical equations, which are sensitive to the details of the local environmental conditions. Here we use a microphysical model to show that there exists a threshold wind speed beyond which the net sea spray‐mediated enthalpy and momentum fluxes are well‐approximated by using the net sea spray mass flux alone. This result supports the hypothesis that at extreme wind speeds, the ratio of the air‐sea exchange coefficients becomes independent of wind speed, implying the air‐sea flux calculations can be substantially simplified.
Shear Variation at the Ice‐Till Interface Changes the Spatial Distribution of Till Porosity and Meltwater Drainage
Authors: Kasmalkar Indraneel , Damsgaard Anders , Goren Liran , Suckale Jenny 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMany subglacial environments consist of a fine‐grained, deformable sediment bed, known as till, hosting an active hydrological system that routes meltwater. Observations show that the till undergoes substantial shear deformation as a result of the motion of the overlying ice. The deformation of the till, coupled with the dynamics of the hydrological system, is further affected by the substantial strain rate variability in subglacial conditions resulting from spatial heterogeneity at the bed. However, it is not clear if the relatively low magnitudes of strain rates affect the bed structure or its hydrology. We study how laterally varying shear along the ice‐bed interface alters sediment porosity and affects the flux of meltwater through the pore spaces. We use a discrete element model consisting of a collection of spherical, elasto‐frictional grains with water‐saturated pore spaces to simulate the deformation of the granular bed. Our results show that a deforming granular layer exhibits substantial spatial variability in porosity in the pseudo‐static shear regime, where shear strain rates are relatively low. In particular, laterally varying shear at the shearing interface creates a narrow zone of elevated porosity which has increased susceptibility to plastic failure. Despite the changes in porosity, our analysis suggests that the pore pressure equilibrates near‐instantaneously relative to the deformation at critical state, inhibiting potential strain rate dependence of the deformation caused by bed hardening or weakening resulting from pore pressure changes. We relate shear variation to porosity evolution and drainage element formation in actively deforming subglacial tills.