bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards an Inclusive Agenda of Open Science for Communication Research: A Latin American approach
Authors: de Oliveira Thaiane Moreira , Marques Francisco Paulo Jamil , Veloso Leão Augusto , de Albuquerque Afonso , Prado José Luiz Aidar , Grohmann Rafael , Clinio Anne , Cogo Denise , Guazina Liziane Soares 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
There is growing consensus among the scientific community members about the urgency of debating ways to promote Open Science (OS). However, the notion of OS itself has been highly controversial, encompassing different meanings and values. Two distinct conceptions have emerged: the first highlights principles such as acceleration, efficiency, and reproducibility; the second perspective is grounded in participation, social justice, and democratization of knowledge. Both models accomplish distinct goals while facing specific limits and challenges to improve scientific production. Even though the first conception has become more celebrated among some top-ranked journals, we question approaches that standardize scientific practices, neglect global diversity, and undermine the importance of local contexts. By discussing the pioneering role that researchers and journals in Latin America have played toward a pluralistic interpretation of OS, this article contributes to a more nuanced understanding of scientific production in the Global South.
Resilience and Depression in Military Service: Evidence From the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health)
Authors: Orak Ugur , Kayaalp Alper , Walker Mark H , Breault Kevin 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Research indicates that military service involves stressors that may be related to depression. However, the military provides financial, educational, psychological, and social advantages that may help to mitigate the effects of service-related stressors. Because most prior research was based on cross-sectional data or small clinical samples, we explored individual-level trajectories of depression over time.

Methods
Data came from the restricted-use version of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) in four survey waves from 1994 to 2008, with a total of 1,112 service members, of whom 231 were female, and a total sample size of 13,544. Statistical estimation employed the multilevel growth curve modeling approach.

Results
Individuals who later served in the military had lower rates of depression than their civilian counterparts at year 1 of the study, and rates of depression decreased consistently for both groups throughout the study. Service members ended up with the same level of depression compared to civilians (year 14). Sex, race and parental education were unrelated to depression, and no evidence was found for the hypothesis that the military functions as a “bridging environment” to reduce depression by providing a more attractive alternative compared to civilian life.

Conclusions
Individuals who were less depressed at year 1 of the study were more likely to enlist into the military. While both civilians and service members displayed decreasing depression over the years of the study, military members had less decrease in depression over time beginning at a lower level of depression than civilian. Taken together, the minor differences in depression between the civilian and military samples and the lower level of depression among military members at the beginning of the study suggest that military service selects against higher levels of depression at the start of service and, given the known stressors related to the military, membership in the service may be associated with resilience to depression.
Implications of the z &gt; 5 Lyman-α forest for the 21-cm power spectrum from the epoch of reionization
Authors: Raste Janakee , Kulkarni Girish , Keating Laura C , Haehnelt Martin G , Chardin Jonathan , Aubert Dominique 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
Our understanding of the intergalactic medium at redshifts z = 5–6 has improved considerably in the last few years due to the discovery of quasars with z &gt; 6 that enable Lyman-α forest studies at these redshifts. A realization from this has been that hydrogen reionization could end much later than previously thought, so that large ‘islands’ of cold, neutral hydrogen could exist in the IGM at redshifts z = 5–6. By using radiative transfer simulations of the IGM, we consider the implications of the presence of these neutral hydrogen islands for the 21-cm power spectrum signal and its potential detection by experiments such as hera, ska, lofar, and mwa. In contrast with previous models of the 21-cm signal, we find that thanks to the late end of reionization the 21-cm power in our simulation continues to be as high as $\Delta ^2_{21}=10~\mathrm{mK}^2$ at k ∼ 0.1 h cMpc−1 at z = 5–6. This value of the power spectrum is several orders of magnitude higher than that in conventional models considered in the literature for these redshifts. Such high values of the 21-cm power spectrum should be detectable by hera and ska1-low in ∼1000 h, assuming optimistic foreground subtraction. This redshift range is also attractive due to relatively low sky temperature and potentially greater abundance of multiwavelength data.
Quantifying the rarity of the local super-volume
Authors: Stopyra Stephen , Peiris Hiranya V , Pontzen Andrew , Jasche Jens , Natarajan Priyamvada 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
We investigate the extent to which the number of clusters of mass exceeding $10^{15}\, M_{\odot }\, h^{-1}$ within the local super-volume ($\lt 135\mathrm{\, Mpc\, }h^{-1}$) is compatible with the standard ΛCDM cosmological model. Depending on the mass estimator used, we find that the observed number N of such massive structures can vary between 0 and 5. Adopting N = 5 yields ΛCDM likelihoods as low as 2.4 × 10−3 (with σ8 = 0.81) or 3.8 × 10−5 (with σ8 = 0.74). However, at the other extreme (N = 0), the likelihood is of order unity. Thus, while potentially very powerful, this method is currently limited by systematic uncertainties in cluster mass estimates. This motivates efforts to reduce these systematics with additional observations and improved modelling.
Assessment of mutations induced by cold atmospheric plasma jet treatment relative to known mutagens in Escherichia coli
Authors: Patenall Bethany L , Hathaway Hollie J , Laabei Maisem , Young Amber E , Thet Naing T , Jenkins A Toby A , Short Robert D , Allinson Sarah L 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The main bactericidal components of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) are thought to be reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) and UV-radiation, both of which have the capacity to cause DNA damage and mutations. Here, the mutagenic effects of CAP on Escherichia coli were assessed in comparison to X- and UV-irradiation. DNA damage and mutagenesis were screened for using a diffusion-based DNA fragmentation assay and modified Ames test, respectively. Mutant colonies obtained from the latter were quantitated and sequenced. CAP was found to elicit a similar mutation spectrum to X-irradiation, which did not resemble that for UV implying that CAP-produced RONS are more likely the mutagenic component of CAP. CAP treatment was also shown to promote resistance to the antibiotic ciprofloxacin. Our data suggest that CAP treatment has mutagenic effects that may have important phenotypic consequences.
Associations of cardiovascular disease and blood pressure with cognition in hemodialysis patients: The Osaka Dialysis Complication Study
Authors: Shoji Tetsuo , Fujii Hisako , Mori Katsuhito , Nakatani Shinya , Nagata Yuki , Morioka Tomoaki , Inaba Masaaki , Emoto Masanori 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Previous studies have reported mixed results regarding the contributions of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and blood pressure (BP) to cognitive impairment in chronic kidney disease.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study in 1213 patients on maintenance hemodialysis from 17 dialysis units in Japan. The main exposures were prior CVD and BP components including systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP). The outcome was low cognitive function evaluated with the Modified Mini-Mental State (3MS) examination with a cut-off level of 3MS &lt;80.

Results
The median age was 67 years, median duration of dialysis was 71 months, 37% were women, 39% had diabetic kidney disease and 36% had any pre-existing CVD. Median (interquartile range) of 3MS score was 91 (82–97), and 240 patients (20%) had 3MS &lt;80. Logistic regression analysis showed that 3MS &lt;80 was associated with the presence of any prior CVD, particularly prior stroke. 3MS &lt;80 was associated with lower DBP but not with SBP. When patients were stratified by the presence of prior stroke, lower DBP, higher age and lower education level were factors associated with 3MS &lt;80 in both subgroups. In the subgroup of patients without prior stroke, diabetic kidney disease was an additional factor associated with 3MS &lt;80. CVDs other than stroke were not associated with 3MS in either subgroup.

Conclusions
Prior stroke and lower DBP were associated with 3MS &lt;80 in hemodialysis patients. These findings support the hypothesis that these vascular factors contribute to low cognitive performance in patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Endoscopic Endonasal Versus Transoral Odontoidectomy for Non-Neoplastic Craniovertebral Junction Disease: A Case Series
Authors: Heller Robert S , Glaspy Tyler , Mhaskar Rahul , Bhadelia Rafeeque , Heilman Carl B 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Odontoidectomy is a challenging yet effective operation for decompression of non-neoplastic craniovertebral junction disease. Though both the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) and the transoral approach (TOA) have been discussed in the literature, there remain few direct comparisons between the techniques.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the perioperative outcomes of EEA vs TOA odontoidectomy.

METHODS
A retrospective review of all cases undergoing odontoidectomy by either the EEA or TOA was performed. Attention was paid to the need for prolonged nutritional support, prolonged respiratory support, and hospitalization times.

RESULTS
During the study period between 2000 and 2018, 25 patients underwent odontoid process resection (18 TOA and 7 EEA). The most common indication for surgery was basilar invagination. Hospital length of stay, intensive care unit length of stay, and intubation days were all significantly shorter in the EEA group compared to the TOA group (P < .01, P = .01, P < .01, respectively). Prolonged nutritional support in the form of a gastrostomy tube was required in 5 patients and tracheostomy was required in 4 patients; all of these underwent odontoidectomy by the TOA. There was no statistical difference in neurological outcomes between the EEA and TOA groups (P = .17).

CONCLUSION
Odontoidectomy can be performed safely through both the EEA and TOA. The results of this study suggest the EEA has shorter hospitalizations and a lower probability of requiring prolonged nutritional support. These advantages are likely the results of decreased oropharyngeal mucosa disruption as compared to the TOA.
Root plasticity under abiotic stress
Authors: Karlova Rumyana , Boer Damian , Hayes Scott , Testerink Christa 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAbiotic stresses increasingly threaten existing ecological and agricultural systems across the globe. Plant roots perceive these stresses in the soil and adapt their architecture accordingly. This review provides insights into recent discoveries showing the importance of root system architecture (RSA) and plasticity for the survival and development of plants under heat, cold, drought, salt, and flooding stress. In addition, we review the molecular regulation and hormonal pathways involved in controlling RSA plasticity, main root growth, branching and lateral root growth, root hair development, and formation of adventitious roots. Several stresses affect root anatomy by causing aerenchyma formation, lignin and suberin deposition, and Casparian strip modulation. Roots can also actively grow toward favorable soil conditions and avoid environments detrimental to their development. Recent advances in understanding the cellular mechanisms behind these different root tropisms are discussed. Understanding root plasticity will be instrumental for the development of crops that are resilient in the face of abiotic stress.
Interfering with interferons: targeting the JAK-STAT pathway in complications of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA)
Authors: Verweyen Emely L , Schulert Grant S 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Systemic JIA (SJIA) is distinguished from other forms of JIA by the prevalence of the severe, life-threatening complications macrophage activation syndrome (SJIA-MAS) and lung disease (SJIA-LD). Alternative therapeutics are urgently needed, as disease pathogenesis diverges from what is observed in SJIA, and currently available biologics are insufficient. SJIA-MAS, defined by a cytokine storm and dysregulated proliferation of T-lymphocytes, and SJIA-LD which presents with lymphocytic interstitial inflammation and pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, are both thought to be driven by IFNs, in particular the type II IFN-γ. Involvement of IFNs and a possible crosstalk of type I IFNs with existing biologics indicate a distinct role for the JAK-STAT signalling pathway in the pathogenesis of SJIA-MAS and SJIA-LD. Here, we review this role of JAK-STATs and IFNs in SJIA complications and discuss how new insights of ongoing research are shaping future therapeutic advances in the form of JAK inhibitors and antibodies targeting IFNs.
XIII The Victorian Period
Authors: Garza Ana Alicia , Burke Lois , Blackburn-Daniels Sally , Baker William 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis chapter has five sections: 1. General and Prose, including Dickens; 2. The Novel; 3. Poetry; 4. Periodicals, Publishing History, and Drama; 5. Miscellaneous. Section 1 is by Ana Alicia Garza; section 2 is by Lois Burke; section 3 is by Sally Blackburn-Daniels; sections 4 and 5 are by William Baker. In somewhat of a departure from previous accounts, this chapter concludes with a mixed-genre section that covers Samuel Butler Thomas and Jane Welsh Carlyle, Wilkie Collins, George Eliot and George Henry Lewes, George Gissing, Richard Jefferies, William Makepeace Thackeray, and Anthony Trollope. This is followed by a section containing additional materials that came too late to be included elsewhere. These sections have been contributed by William Baker, who thanks for their assistance Dominic Edwards, Olaf Berwald, Beth Palmer, Sophie Ratcliffe, and Caroline Radcliffe.
Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training on Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Body Composition, and Quality of Life in Overweight and Obese Survivors of Breast Cancer
Authors: Samhan Ahmed F. , Ahmed Ahmed S. , Mahmoud Waleed S. , Abdelhalim Nermeen M. 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Obesity is considered a major risk factor for breast cancer. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a time-efficient exercise that significantly advances cardiorespiratory fitness in healthy subjects.

Purpose:
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of HIIT on cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition in survivors of breast cancer who are overweight and obese.

Methods:
Sixty overweight and obese female breast cancer survivors, aged 40 to 60 years, 6 months after completing therapies were included in this study. The patients were randomly allocated to 2 groups: the HIIT group (n = 30; administered HIIT program 3 sessions per week for 8 successive weeks) and the control group (n = 30; received usual care measures). Cardiorespiratory fitness, measured using maximal oxygen uptake (

), and body composition were evaluated in patients of both groups at baseline and after the intervention period.

Results:

increased significantly by 3.77 mL⋅kg−1⋅min−1 between pre- and posttreatment (P ˂ .05) in the HIIT group. Body mass indexes in both groups were similar (P > .05). Women in the HIIT group showed significant fat mass changes, fat mass percentage, and lean body mass (P ˂ .05).

Conclusion:
This study shows that HIIT effectively improves cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition in breast cancer survivors.
Anti-HMGCR myopathy: clinical and histopathological features, and prognosis
Authors: Kurashige Takashi 
Published: August 2021

Purpose of review
This review aims to describe clinical and pathological features, prognosis and treatment in patients with anti-HMGCR antibody positive immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (HMGCR-IMNM) based on recent findings.

Recent findings
Using advances in diagnostic modalities that can confirm the presence of anti-HMGCR antibody, the clinical and pathological manifestations of HMGCR-IMNM were found to be broader than previously reported. Although only a small percentage of HMGCR-IMNM patients present with atypical manifestations, some of these patients show slow disease progression and clinical symptoms, which are similar to those of limb-girdle muscular dystrophies. Other atypical HMGCR-IMNM patients have skin conditions similar to dermatomyositis-like skin rush or dermatological presentations of Jessner-Kanoff disease or cutaneous lymphoma, whose pathological changes including CD8-positive and bcl-2-positive lymphocytic accumulations, similar to Jessner-Kanoff lymphocytic infiltration of skin or low-grade cutaneous lymphoma, which are observed in muscle and skin.

Summary
Anti-HMGCR autoantibodies define unique populations of IMNM patients. Recent studies have revealed that clinicopathological manifestations of HMGCR-IMNM, especially extramuscular symptoms and pathological manifestations, are more common than previously recognized.
Treatment of anaplastic gliomas: evidences and controversies
Authors: Geurts Marjolein , Snijders Tom J. , van den Bent Martin J. 
Published: August 2021

Purpose of review
Evolving molecular data have led to a new and advanced grading system of anaplastic glioma. In everyday practice, physicians have to translate evidence from old clinical trials into evidence meeting the reclassified tumor types.

Recent findings
New biomarkers allow the identification of anaplastic glioma with relatively poor prognosis and with prognosis similar to glioblastoma. An update with molecular analysis of the phase 3 CATNON trial demonstrates the benefit of adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) to be dependent on the mutational status of isocitrate dehydrogenase. In the ongoing debate on the optimal chemotherapy regimen, a large retrospective study suggesting a better tumor control with vincristine (PCV) as compared to TMZ is added to the evidence. The best timing for treatment of anaplastic astrocytoma also remains a matter of controversy. A recent study shows that even in selected patients with anaplastic glioma with foci of malignant tumor following (sub)total resection, postponement of medical treatment can be considered.

Summary
In clinical practice, the trade-off between efficacy and (acute and long-term) toxicity of treatments needs to be re-evaluated for the newly (molecularly) defined entities. Updates from past clinical trials on anaplastic glioma with molecular analysis and subgroup analyses are needed to further guide treatment decisions.
Effect of an Intensive Mindful Practice Workshop on Patient-Centered Compassionate Care, Clinician Well-Being, Work Engagement, and Teamwork
Authors: Epstein Ronald M. , Marshall Frederick , Sanders Mechelle , Krasner Michael S. 
Published: August 2021

Introduction:
Mindfulness-based interventions for health professionals have been linked to improvements in burnout, well-being, empathy, communication, patient-centered care, and patient safety, but the optimal formats and intensity of training have been difficult to determine because of the paucity of studies and the heterogeneity of programs. A 4-days residential “Mindful Practice” workshop for physicians and medical educators featuring contemplative practices, personal narratives, and appreciative dialogs about challenging experiences may hold promise in improving participants' well-being while also improving compassionate care, job satisfaction, work engagement, and teamwork.

Methods:
We collected baseline and 2-month follow-up data during four workshops conducted in 2018 to 2019 at conference centers in the United States and Europe. Primary outcomes were burnout, work-related distress, job satisfaction, work engagement, patient-centered compassionate care, and teamwork.

Results:
Eighty-five of 120 participants (71%) completed both surveys (mean age was 49.3 and 68.2% female). There were improvements (P < .01) in two of three burnout components (emotional exhaustion and depersonalization), work-related distress, job satisfaction, patient-centered compassionate care, work engagement and meaning, teamwork, well-being, positive emotion, mindfulness, somatic symptoms, and spirituality. Effect sizes (standardized mean difference of change) ranged from 0.25 to 0.61. With Bonferroni adjustments (P < .0031), teamwork, general well-being, and mindfulness became nonsignificant.

Discussion:
An intensive, multiday, mindfulness-based workshop for physicians had clinically significant positive effects on clinician well-being, quality of interpersonal care and work satisfaction, and meaning and engagement, all important indicators of improved health and sustainability of the health care workforce. Future iterations of the program should increase the focus on teamwork.
Complexities of Continuing Professional Development in Context: Physician Engagement in Clinical Coaching
Authors: Kahlke Renate , Pratt Daniel D. , Bluman Bob , Overhill Kirstie , Eva Kevin W. 
Published: August 2021

Introduction:
Effective continuing professional development (CPD) is critical for safe and effective health care. Recent shifts have called for a move away from didactic CPD, which often fails to affect practice, toward workplace learning such as clinical coaching. Unfortunately, coaching programs are complex, and adoption does not guarantee effectiveness. To resolve this problem, thus ensuring resources are well spent, there is a critical need to understand what physicians try to achieve and how they engage. Therefore, we examined the types of change physicians pursue through clinical coaching and the impact of context on their desired changes.

Methods:
In the context of two clinical coaching programs for rural physicians, we applied a generic qualitative approach. Coachees (N = 15) participated in semistructured interviews. Analysis involved iterative cycles of initial, focused, and theoretical coding.

Results:
Coachees articulated desired practice changes along a spectrum, ranging from honing their current practice to making larger changes that involved new skills outside their current practice; changes also ranged from those focused on individual physicians to those focused on the practice system. Desired changes were affected by factors in the learning/practice environment, including those related to the individual coachee, coach, and learning/practice context.

Discussion:
These results suggest that the current focus on acquiring new knowledge through CPD may miss important learning that involves subtle shifts in practice as well as learning that focusses on systems change. Moreover, an appreciation of the contextual nature of CPD can ensure that contextual affordances are leveraged and barriers are acknowledged.