bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The practice of hand hygiene among undergraduate medical students
Authors: Singh Gurjeet , Singh Raksha 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Health care-associated infections (also called hospital-acquired or nosocomial infections) add to the morbidity and mortality and costs that one might expect from the underlying illness alone. All this has led to concerted efforts to implement infection control programs in all teaching hospitals, hospitals, and other health centers; the quality of such programs reflects the overall standard of care provided by the institution. The practice of hand hygiene is a simple yet effective way to prevent infections. Cleaning of the hands can prevent the spread of microorganisms, specifically those that are multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO), and that are getting troublesome, if certainly feasible, to treat. These factors, compounded by the scarcity of accessibility of new antimicrobials, have required a relook into the function of essential acts of contamination counteraction in current medical services. Good hand hygiene practice, including the use of alcohol-based hand rubs and handwashing with soap and water, is critical to reducing the risk of spreading infections in ambulatory care settings.

Aims and Objectives:
This study was conducted to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of hand hygiene of undergraduate medical students.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was carried out at the Department of Microbiology, N.C. Medical College and Hospital, Israna, Panipat, Haryana, India, over six months from January 2018 to May 2018. A total of 147 students from the second professional year were told to fill a questionnaire consisting of their age, gender, class, washing of hands with soap and water before eating food, washing with soap and water after urinating, washing with soap and water after defecating, washing hands after using the practical laboratory, the reason for the disinfection of the body, and the number of illnesses in the past one year.

Results:
Analysis of the outcome demonstrated that the medical students studied were careful about the average towards hand hygiene and on an overall note have come to embrace the importance of hand hygiene stressing on the numerous adverse effects its lack of practice have come to prove over the years.

Conclusion:
A connection between hand cleanliness, sickness rate, and explanations behind not rehearsing hand cleanliness appears in the outcomes. The current examination proposes that both handwashing and the utilization of hand sanitizers have a beneficial outcome on the health of medical students. The results of improved hand cleanliness propensities for the students bring about diminished medical services costs for the college since fewer students may need to use well-being focus assets.
Development of a design framework for the promotion of African Arts and Crafts on an E-Commerce platform
Authors: Siyanbola Afeez Babatunde 
Published: March 2021

This paper enunciates the impact of e-commerce in redefining contemporary buying and selling globally. The paper articulates the importance of high internet penetration to consumers embrace of e-commerce in enhancing the growth of Africa emerging markets. The potentials of e-commerce provide an enabling opportunity for the promotion and sale of African arts and crafts within Africa and globally. Apparently, the originality and richness of African arts and crafts resonates functionality and desirability of the works. Therefore, this paper developed a framework for the development and implementation of an e-commerce platform specifically built for the promotion of African arts and crafts. The developed framework is anchored on three dimensions namely web design graphics, user experience and web advertisements. Components of web design graphics include visual weight, colour psychology, page layout and photography. User Experience is categorized into graphic user interface, navigation, ergonomics, design and implementation, web development languages, e-commerce enterprise framework and search engine optimization. The web advertisement components are content marketing, social media, public relation and social marketing.
Keyword: E-commerce Visual Weight Colour Psychology Page Layout User Experience
PERAMALAN HARGA MINYAK GORENG DI TENGAH PANDEMI COVID-19 KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Annisa Fitri  , Fadila Margasaty  , Kusmaria  , Rini Desfaryani  , Vivi Utami Dewi  
Published: March 2021

Covid-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019) adalah penyakit akibat serangan virus SARSCov-2 yang kasusnya pertama kali menyerang manusia di Provinsi Wuhan, China. Indonesia menerapkan kebijakan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) untuk menekan penyebaran virus ini yang berakibat pada terkendalanya beberapa pasokan bahan pangan salah satunya minyak goreng di Kota Bandar Lampung. Penelitian ini bertujuan memprediksi perkiraan harga minyak goreng di kota Bandar Lampung untuk kurang lebih 8 bulan ke depan khususnya saat pandemi Covid-19. Metode analisis menggunakan model Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA). Hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa harga minyak goreng di Bandar Lampung akan mengalami kenaikan hingga Desember 2020, dengan harga rata-rata adalah sebesar Rp 13.423,49.
Kata Kunci: Covid-19, harga minyak goreng, ARIMA
FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENDAPATAN USAHATANI TOMAT (Studi Kasus di Desa Buahan, Kecamatan Kintamani, Kabupaten Bangli)
Authors: Kadek Ayu Charisma Julia Dewi  , Yovita Indis  
Published: March 2021

Tomat tidak asing lagi bagi masyarakat, karena dalam kehidupan sehari–hari selalu hadir tanpa mengenal musim.Selain itu masyarakat telah membudidayakannya sebagai usaha pertanian yang menguntungkan pengembangan tomat baik melalui ekstensifikasi maupun intensifikasi.Penelitian dilakukan di desa Buahan, kecamatan Kintamani, Kabupaten Bangli.Pemilihan lokasi penelitian ditentukan dengan metode purposive sampling yaitu penentuan lokasi penelitian yang dilakukan secara sengaja,populasi dalampenelitian ini adalah 62 petani. Penentuan sampelmenggunakan metode simplle random samplingsampel dari penelitian ini yaitu40 petani yang menanam tomat, data yang dikumpulkan diambil dari data primer dan data sekunder.Analisis data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif.Analisis data kualitatif digunakan untuk mengetahui kendala-kendala yang dihadapi petani tomat dan untuk mmenganalisis pengaruh karakteristik petani terhadap penerimaan dari usahatani tomat digunakan uji regresi linear berganda dengan fungsi produksi regresicobb-Douglas.Adapun hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa usahatani tomat di Desa Buahan, Kecamatan Kintamani, Kabupaten Bangli dapat meningkatkan pendapatan petani.Tingkat pendapatan petani tomat sebesar Rp.2.563.275, besarnya nilai R/C ratio adalah 2,02 lebih besar dari 1 sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa usahatani tomat sudah layak di usahakan di Desa Buahan, Kecamatan Kintamani, Kabupaten Bangli.Beberapa kendala yang dihadapi oleh petani tomat didesa Buahan, Kecamatan Kintamani, Kabupaten Bangli dalam usahatani tomat sebagai berikut:(1) terbatasnya permodalan bagi petani untuk membiayai kegiatan usahatani, (2) adanya serangan hama dan penyakit pada tanaman tomat, sehingga terkadang pendapatan para petani menurun,(3) masih kurangnya penyuluhan dari dinas pertanian di kabupaten bangli sehingga masyarakat kurang memahami cara membudidayakan tomat yang baik dan benar,(4)Penetapan harga yang ditentukan oleh petani seringkali tidak sesuai dengan harapan, karena konsumen menginginkan harga yang rendah.
Kata Kunci : Tomat, Pendapatan, Usahatani, Biaya
Environmental Quality and Economic Status of Households in Pakistan: A Case Study of Multan District
Authors: Bashir Furrukh , Rehman Haseeb-Ur- , Parveen Kishwar 
Published: March 2021

The present study is aiming to identify the effect of Environmental Quality on the Economic Status of Households (Income, Expenditure and Assets) in Multan District of Southern Punjab, Pakistan. The results of OLS demonstrates that Age, Education, Formal Employment, Green Belt & Trees, Health Facilities, Irrigation Facility, Clean Drinking Water, Sui Gas Availability and Housing Condition are reported as the basis of Higher Income/ Expenditure of Households while Rural Area, Female to Male ratio and credit availability are reducing Income/ Expenditure of Households. On the other side, Age, Education, Rural Location, Formal Employment, Credit Availability, Green Belt & Trees, Health Facilities, Irrigation Facility, Clean Drinking Water, Sui Gas Availability and Housing Condition are the origin of increasing Assets of Households while Female to male ratio is reducing Assets.
Financial Distress and Forewarning Bankruptcy: An Empirical Analysis of Textile Sector in Pakistan
Authors: Rasool Nosheen , Sohail Muhammad , Usman Muhammad , Hussain Muhammad Mubashir 
Published: March 2021

This study aims to measure the financial distress and forewarn bankruptcy in Textile Sector of Pakistan using popular statistical measures i.e., Z-Score, O-Score, Probit and D-Score. First, applicable financial ratios (profitability, liquidity, leverage, market ratios) and scores (Z-Score, O-Score, Probit and D-Score) of all 77 textile companies were calculated then estimated scores were compared with cut-off point of respective model. Based on findings, models are categorized in two groups: (a) Group-I (Z-Score and O-Score), (b) Group-II (Probit and D-Score). Results indicate that some of the textile firms are about to face financial distress in near future, which could ultimately lead those firms to bankruptcy. The findings of Group-I indicate that about 43% - 44% companies in the textile sector are in the phase of financial distress; whereas the results of Group-II reveal that about 8% - 16% companies are in financial distress phase. Thus, we could draw two conclusions: (1) the two models (Z-Score and O-Score) in Group-I were found to be robust for assessing financial distress and (2) the two models (Probit and D-Score) in Group-II were found to be less rigorous in forecasting financial distress. The previous studies attempted to compare the prediction accuracy of various models by examining the data of both financially distress firms and financially stable firms. But this study is aimed to foretell bankruptcy using comprehensive models (Z-Score, O-Score, Probit and D-Score), to compare the consistency of results across all four models of the study and to categorize financially stable and financially distress companies under each model. The findings of the study are expected to be beneficial at coutry level, firm level and indiviual level such as government and regulatory bodies of Pakistan can intervene to avert bankruptcy rate, management can devise appropriate strategies to reduce financial distress. Moreover. investors can safeguard their investment by making right decissions based on the findings.
Situación profesional y entorno laboral del instructor de Ciclo Indoor (Professional situation and labor environment of the Indoor Cycling instructor)
Authors: Estrada-Marcén Nerea , Soler-Gracia Álvaro , Casterad-Seral Jaime , Cid-Yagüe Lourdes 
Published: March 2021

El Ciclo Indoor (C.I.) es una de las actividades con mayor demanda en la actualidad, y en las últimas décadas se ha implantado en la mayoría de los centros de Fitness y gimnasios de gran parte del mundo. Nuestro objetivo es conocer el perfil profesional del instructor de C.I. en España, así como aspectos relacionados con su metodología de trabajo y sus condiciones laborales. Los 57 participantes que conformaron la muestra y que procedían de diferentes lugares de España, ocupaban el puesto de instructor de C.I. en el momento de la investigación, siendo encuestados a partir de un instrumento diseñado ad hoc. Se ha empleado una metodología cuantitativa de corte descriptivo. Aunque no podemos constatar que sea una muestra representativa, los datos apuntan a que su perfil es el de un varón de aproximadamente 35 años, con más de 5 años de experiencia, que imparte también otras actividades dirigidas, y trabaja por cuenta ajena. Imparte entre 6 y 7 sesiones de C.I. semanales y existe gran disparidad en cuanto a su nivel y tipo de formación.
Abstract. Indoor Cycling (I.C.) is one of the activities with the greatest demand nowadays, and in recent decades, it has been implemented in most fitness centers and gyms in a large part of the world. Our objective is to know the I.C. instructor's professional profile in Spain, as well as other aspects related to their work methodology and working conditions. The respondents were 57 instructors from different parts of Spain (the country), all of them occupying the position of I.C. instructors. They were surveyed based on an instrument designed ad hoc. A quantitative cutting methodology has been used. Although it is not a representative sample, the data suggest that its profile is that of a male of approximately 35 years old, with more than 5 years of experience, who also teaches other directed activities, and works for others. He teaches between 6-7 sessions of C.I. weekly. There is great disparity in terms of their level and type of training.
Evaluación del uso de métodos de recuperación entre los corredores populares españoles (Evaluation of the use of recovery methods amongst Spanish amateur runners)
Authors: Nogueira Abel , Salguero del Valle Alfonso , Molinero González Olga , Márquez Rosa Sara 
Published: March 2021

La práctica de ejercicio físico implica la utilización de gran cantidad de recursos energéticos. Para poder seguir rindiendo a nivel deportivo como para tener la energía suficiente para poder satisfacer las demandas derivadas de la actividad cotidiana se requiere de una adecuada recuperación, especialmente cuando hablamos de personas que no se dedican de forma profesional al deporte. La fatiga es un estado multifactorial que aparece cuando se produce un desequilibrio entre las demandas del deporte y las capacidades físicas y psicológicas de quienes lo practican. Las carreras de media y larga distancia son unas de las especialidades deportivas de mayor exigencia, de ahí que la aparición de la fatiga muscular aguda profunda sea más notoria, con lo que cobra especial relevancia la necesidad de llevar acabo un entrenamiento invisible planificado, y plantear las estrategias de recuperación adecuadas a las necesidades de cada deportista. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue evaluar la frecuencia de uso de los diferentes métodos de recuperación (entrenamiento invisible) que utilizan los corredores populares que participan en pruebas de larga distancia (entre 5 km y 42 km). La revisión de la literatura facilitó la elaboración de un cuestionario ad hoc, que fue administrado a una muestra de 495 corredores populares españoles. Según los resultados obtenidos, se pudo apreciar que los recursos más utilizados, fueron los relacionados con la alimentación, suplementación y el control del rendimiento; siendo los corredores implicados en distancias más largas los que en mayor medida afirmaron utilizarlos.
Abstract. Physical exercise involves implementation of a large amount of energy resources. In order to continue performing, both at a sporting level and at meeting the daily activity demands, an adequate recovery is required, especially when we talk about non-professional athletes. Fatigue is a multifactorial process that emerges when there is an imbalance between activity demands and physical and psychological capabilities of each athlete. Middle and long-distance running races are one of the most demanding events in which muscle fatigue is more noticeable, warranting the need of a planned ‘invisible training’ and recovery strategies adapted to the individual needs. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the use frequency of the different recovery methods (invisible training) used by popular runners who participate in long distance events (between 5 km and 42 km). An ad-hoc questionnaire was developed from the literature review, which was administered to a sample of 495 Spanish amateur runners. According to the results obtained, it was seen that the most used methods/strategies were related to diet, food supplements and performance monitoring; being the runners involved in longer distances the ones who usually claimed to use them.
Sport tourism: an opportunity for local regions in a global context. A Delphi study (Turismo deportivo: Una oportunidad para los territorios locales en un contexto global. Un estudio Delphi)
Authors: Leal Londoño María del Pilar , Travé Molero Raúl , Medina F. Xavier , Abadia Naudí Sixte , Sánchez Bergara Sheila 
Published: March 2021

This study is a research project that focus on the opportunities offered by sport tourism to invigorate local regions in a global context. Primary research data were collected through a Delphi method applied to a panel of 20 international experts on sport tourism worldwide. The results reveal that, in order to grow and become a development tool in tourism destinations, sport tourism activities need to be organised in close cooperation with sport and tourism agencies, decision makers and the local community. Moreover, that the cooperation between agencies of tourism and sport is essential to ensure the success of a sport tourism destination.
Resumen. Este estudio es un proyecto de investigación que se centra en las oportunidades que ofrece el turismo deportivo para dinamizar las regiones locales en un contexto global. Los datos de la investigación primaria se recopilaron mediante un método Delphi aplicado a un panel de 20 expertos internacionales en turismo deportivo. Los resultados revelan que, para crecer y convertirse en una herramienta de desarrollo en los destinos turísticos, las actividades de turismo deportivo deben organizarse en estrecha cooperación con las agencias de deporte y turismo, los actors encargados de la toma de decisiones y la comunidad local. Además, se señala que la cooperación entre agencias de turismo y deporte es fundamental para asegurar el éxito de un destino de turismo deportivo.
Adaptive technology of growing mother roots and beet bearers of fodder beets
Authors: Balan V. M. , Balahura O. V. , Volokha M. P. 
Published: March 2021

Goal. To develop on the basis of complex system of observations, estimation of agroclimatic indicators, patterns of growth and development of plants of the first and second years of life, adaptive technology of growing mother roots and seed bearers under the conditions of the Central Forest Steppe of Ukraine.
Methods. Laboratory, field, statistical.
Results. The biological potential of modern varieties and hybrids of fodder beet to some extent is realized by using high quality seeds, which is caused by a complex of ecological-biotic and anthropogenic factors. Important factors affecting seed quality have been identified: laboratory and field germination. Its level depends on the duration of emergence and completeness of the seedlings, the uniformity of plants in the row and, ultimately, their seed productivity. The calculations of the main indicators of adaptive technology of cultivation of mother roots and seed bearers are the following: the yield of mother roots increased by 2.7 times, the preservation in storage by 7.7%, seed yield by 0.4 t/ha, germination by 8%, weight of 1000 seed clusters by 1.2 g compared to conventional technology.
Conclusions. The cultivation of mother roots and seed bearers of fodder beet varieties and hybrids should be carried out according to adaptive technology, which provides: 1) sowing of seeds in the summer (early-mid June) with SST-12B seeder with a device for simultaneous separation of the main seeds by specific weight, 15–20 seeds/m, with an interval of 22.5 cm; 2) storage of mother roots in storages and containers equipped with plastic film with holes; 3) using planter VPS-2,8A and seeding on the background of 50 t/ha of manure + and design 70 × 20–70 × 30 cm; 4) seed treatment during mass formation of the stem; 5) additional pollination during the mass flowering period.
Methods of creating homozygous lines as breeding genotypes in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) with apozygotic method of seed reproduction
Authors: Roik M. V. , Kovalchuk N. S. , Zinchenko O. A. , Fedoroshchak L. H. , Vlasiuk V. I. , Yavniuk O. M. 
Published: March 2021

Purpose. Investigation of cytogenetic aspects of embryological processes in the culture of immature apomictic embryos, breeding genotypes of sugar beet with cytoplasmic sterility for differentiation and selection by gametophyte reduced parthenogenesis.
Methods. Cytological, biotechnological, fluorescent cytophotometry, field, laboratory.
Results. The cytogenetic features of genesis of immature apomictic embryos cells induced in vitro on the 12th, 20th and 22th days of development have been investigated on the basis of CMS apozygotic lines of Beta vulgaris and alloplasmic lines of wild species Beta maritime and Beta patula. Indicators of efficiency of haploid reduced parthenogenesis in vitro in alloplasmic lines significantly exceeded the best technologies in pollen-sterile lines of sugar beet from 3.79% to 6.25% and had a value of 62.2%, 24.8%, and 16.7%, respectively. Stabilization of genome ploidy to diploid was carried out in selected breeding numbers without colchicine, based on evaluation and selection of genome ploidy using software of ploidy analyzer (AP) Partec.
Conclusions. The efficiency of haploid reduced parthenogenesis induction in vitro in apozygotic CMS breeding genotypes of sugar beet as affected by genetic potential of cytoplasm and taking into account the total percentage of haploids (50 units; 100 units) and myxoploids (50 units; 100 units) has been investigated. Homozygous lines were created by stabilizing the genome ploidy of haploid and myxoploid micro sprouts during III–IV passages without the use of colchicine. Technologies of rooting in the open ground for use in the breeding process of sugar beets have been improved.
INFLUENCE OF MINERAL AND ORGANIC FERTILIZERS
ON THE CHEMICAL AND AGROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES
OF THE DEVELOPED LOWLAND PEAT DEPOSIT UNDER THE PLANTATION
OF VIRGINAL PLANTS OF HIGHBUSH BLUEBERRY
Authors: Rupasova Zhanna A. , Yakovlev Alexandr P. , Bely Pavel N. , Zhdanets Svetlana F. , Kozyr’ Ol’ga S. , Domash V. I. , Аzizbekyan S. G. , Lishtvan Ivan I. 
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the results of a biennial (2017–2018) comparative study of physico-chemical and agrochemical properties of the residual layer of a peat deposit under the plantation of two-year virginal plants of model Vaccinium corymbosum varieties (Northcountry, Bluecrop and Northland) on a recultivated developed lowland peat deposit under introduction of complete mineral fertilizer (‘Rastvorin’ brand ‘B’, N16P16K16), microfertilizer (Nanoplant-8, including eight trace elements: Co, Mn, Cu, Fe, Zn, Cr, Mo and Se) and organic fertilizers (Ekosil and Gidrogumat).
In all variants of the experiment in both years of observations during the growing season in the root-inhabited layer, an increase relative to the initial level of the content of hydrolysable nitrogen and exchange potassium was found against the background of a decrease in the content of mobile phosphorus. In the first season, a slight increase in the level of hydrolytic acidity was registered, while the amount of absorbed bases decreased against the background of opposite changes in these indicators in the second season. In the first year of application of fertilizers by the end of the season, a significant enrichment of the substrate with mainly nitrate form of nitrogen and exchange potassium was established, with no noticeable changes in the content of mobile phosphorus. In the second year of application of fertilizers, there was a replenishment of ammonium nitrogen reserves with a predominant depletion of nitrate nitrogen, mobile phosphorus and exchange potassium (the greatest with Nanoplant and organic fertilizers treatment), which is due to the most intensive expenditure on the formation of the aboveground phytomass of experimental plants.