bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sykepleiere i hjemmebaserte tjenester – hvorfor fortsetter de i sin stilling?
Authors: Østhus Nille , Storm Marianne , Kristoffersen Margareth 
Published: July 2021

Sykepleiere som arbeider i helsetjenester i hjemmet har krav om høy kvalitet på sykepleieutøvelsen. Samtidig har Norge en sykepleiermangel og primærhelsetjenesten utfordringer med å rekruttere og beholde sykepleiere. Studien beskriver og fortolker hva som var viktig for å fortsette i sin stilling som sykepleier i helsetjenester i hjemmet. En kvalitativ design ble benyttet. Deltakerne var seks sykepleiere i alderen 26 til 60 år ansatt i helsetjenester i hjemmet i en distriktskommune. Data ble samlet inn gjennom individuelle intervju. Transkriberte intervju ble analysert ved hjelp av fenomenologisk-hermeneutisk metode. Resultatene er formulert som fire tema: Å være ønsket velkommen hos pasienter; å ha samhold med kollegaer og leder; å ha variasjon i arbeidshverdagen; å ferdes i naturskjønne omgivelser. Studien konkluderer med at det som synes å være viktig for at sykepleiere fortsetter i sin stilling, er å ha en opplevelse av å lykkes. Studien løfter fram at dette synes å være mulig for sykepleierne i helsetjenester i hjemmet. Det er mulig når sykepleierne inngår i en sammenheng som er meningsfull, begripelig og håndterbar. Fordi sykepleiere har en sentral rolle i helsetjenester i hjemmet, trengs det mer forskning på hvorfor sykepleiere fortsetter i sin stilling.
Abstract
High-quality nursing care is a goal and requirement in health services. The Norwegian primary health care is challenged by a shortage of nurses, difficulties with recruiting and retaining nurses. This study aims to describe and interpret important aspects allowing nurses working in home healthcare to remain in their current position. A qualitative research design was used. The setting was one district municipality’s home healthcare. Six nurses aged between 26 and 60 years were recruited through strategic sampling to individual interviews. Data were analyzed using a phenomenological hermeneutic method. Four themes emerged from the analysis: Being welcome at the patients’ home; experiencing community with colleagues and leader; experiencing work task variety; traveling in scenic surroundings. Thus, the significance of having a sense of coherence, comprehensibility, and manageability cannot be too strongly emphasized. The study indicates that remaining in home healthcare practice seems to revolve around achieving a sense of success as a nurse.
Literature Management and Scholarly Communication at USN
Authors: Sundstøl Shea Allison , Nordsteien Anita 
Published: June 2021

Background: The PhD course Literature Management and Scholarly Communication was established in 2019 through a library-faculty collaboration. This is the first accredited generic and interdisciplinary PhD course at this university, and it provides 5 ECTS credits. The course has participants from all our eight PhD programs, researching topics spanning from religion to robotics. Our main idea was that bringing PhD candidates from different programs together for such a course may add extra value in the form of enhancing communication and understanding across the disciplines.
Methods: The study has a mixed methods design. A preliminary survey was conducted in 2017 to reveal the PhD candidates’ information needs, which provided a basis for planning the course content. To examine the candidates’ learning outcomes and further improvements for future courses, NVivo was used to analyse observations that were recorded during the course, in addition to the participants’ course essays and evaluation forms.
Results: The 2017 survey had a response rate of 43% (n=91). More than 50% of the respondents expressed a need for library courses in literature searching, systematic reviews, research data management and the publishing process. The PhD course was designed based on these findings and has become a popular course with a total of 111 participants on four courses, of which 23% are international candidates and 7% are affiliated with other universities. The main finding was that several of the participants found the course surprisingly useful to their research and to their career plans.
Discussion: Having a generic course for early-stage researchers from such a diversity of fields was challenging, and the article discusses several issues to consider for future courses. Most importantly, the prior knowledge was vastly different among the participants. This emphasizes the need for increased library-faculty collaboration to reach out to all PhD candidates in an early stage.
Shoreline Change Analysis along the Udupi-Dakshina Kannada Coastal Stretch in Karnataka, West Coast of India using DSAS
Authors: Anjita N.A. , Dwarakish G.S. 
Published: June 2021

Study of morphological variations and the effects of oceanographic processes such as erosion and accretion at different temporal scales are important to understand the nature of the coast and the cyclic changes occurring during different seasons. The Udupi-Dakshina Kannada coast along the west coast of India exhibits a wide range of changes depending on the interactions of tide and wave energy, sediment supply and more importantly human intervention. In view of this, the present work has been carried out to study the changes in shoreline changes along the Udupi-Dakshina Kannada coast over a period of 29 years from 1990 to 2019. Remote Sensing and GIS techniques have been used to demarcate shorelines and calculate the shoreline change rates. Overall accretion and erosion rates were found to be 1.28 m/year and 0.91 m/year respectively along the coast. Highest accretion and erosion rates of 12.57 m/year and 5.34 m/year was noticed along the Dakshina Kannada coast. The study also suggests that multi-dated satellite data along with statistical techniques can be effectively used for prediction of shoreline changes.
Keywords: remote sensing, GIS, Dakshina Kannada coast, oceanography, shoreline.
Impact of COVID-19 on water and sanitation in Mumbai slums.
Authors: Bera Sougata , Sherly M.A. , Kumar Janadri Kiran 
Published: June 2021

Mumbai City (19.07° N, 72.87° E) is the true example of ‘diversity in extreme level’. This well-known city is commonly known as the financial capital of India and is the 12th richest city in the world. Mumbai city (Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai or MCGM) spreads around 437.5 km2, with 12.5 million population as per Census 2011, with a population density of 83,660 per km2 and approximately 6.5 million are living in the slums without proper access to water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH). There is a debatable topic, ‘water is a blessing or a curse?’ We know water means life but in monsoon season these views might lead to conflicts. Mumbai alone has recorded 585.5 mm precipitation in July resulting in severe flooding across the city. The slum communities of Mumbai are at the receiving end of these erratic patterns due to inefficient drainage and lack of basic facilities.
This pandemic situation has proved again the urgency of WASH. WHO has already listed the COVID-19 virus as one of the most contagious diseases which has been spreading exponentially due to the poor toilet facilities, lack of access to clean water and unhygienic activities in slums. The survey data from different slum communities configures their perception related to WASH and our study links it with the pandemic and the resultant adaptive capacity ranking. Although most of the Mumbai slum has a good literacy rate (69%) but lack of awareness among these slum communities lead to a vulnerable situation. The slum clusters of Mumbai have become COVID-19 hotspots and also resulted in losses of jobs and human lives. Through FCM (Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping) and SWOT analysis, the study discovers present social, technical, and economic aspects and perception of these slum communities to analyze their adaptive capacity towards COVID-19.
Keywords: WASH, COVID-19, Slum, Mumbai
Stabilization of black cotton soil using coconut fiber
Authors: Arathi K.U. , Arhulya K.M. , Vinaya V. , Pooja P.V. , Athira V.V. 
Published: June 2021

Black cotton soil is a soil with low bearing capacity, swelling and shrinkage characteristics. Due to its peculiar characteristics, it forms a very poor foundation material. As black cotton soil is an expansive soil; it creates problem for lightly loaded structure than moderately loaded structure. Through this project, we are trying to study the improvements in the properties of soil by adding coconut fiber of varying percentages. Tests will be conducted to determine liquid limit and unconfined compression strength. Stabilization of soil is an effective method for improving the properties of soil. It has great significance in the future projects.
Keywords: Soil stabilization, CBR, Atterberg limits
Climate change impacts on agriculture dominated Canadian watershed
Authors: Jeyalakshmi Saranya , Beegum Sahila 
Published: June 2021

Agricultural water management plays a vital role in the food production and food security(Abbaspour, et al. 2007).Improper management of agriculture leads to local or far field water quality.Runoff from an agriculture land is considerably enriched with different kinds of nutrients, sediments, and pesticides. Nutrient loadings carried with the runoff has caused eutrophication to various degrees and scales, from small and large bays around the Great Lakes (e.g., Green Bay in Lake Michigan) to wide-scale eutrophication in some of the Great Lakes themselves (e.g., Lake Erie)(Inamdar, S. and Naumov, A. 2006)..Water quality and watershed management programs are highly benefitted from simulation models since the advent of computer-based watershed models( Daggupati et al. 2018). To this extent, present study used Soil and Water assessment Tool (SWAT) to investigate the climate change impacts on nutrient loadings primarily occur from runoff from a Canadian agriculture dominated watershed. We found that non-point source pollutants especially total N and total P originating from agriculture land is decreasing during mid and late century projections. Streamflow during winter and fall is projected to increase compared to historical period.
Keywords: SWAT modeling, climate change impact, non-point source pollution
Conflict in commons: collective action and institutions
Authors: Sarkar Sukumar 
Published: June 2021

Common pool resources (CPRs) are safe-guards and foundation for rural livelihood especially for the developing nations like India. Cooperation is needed to conserve CPRs due to its very features. Community institutions sometimes face conflicts to conserve commons cost-effectively. But, conflicts may simultaneously help and hamper the local governance of commons. For empirical verification, we have conducted a primary survey on 419 users of canal water, community forest and tank water in 11 CPRs dependent villages from West Bengal, India. We observed positive relations between conflict and collective action in conservation of commons. This finding seems to be conflicting with the notion that, conflict undermines collective action and therewith the potential for sustainability. We examined and found that successful informal communities are more conflictive and at the same time cooperative than formal one. The occurrences of supply, demand and policy side conflicts and conflict resolution methods are also not significantly different between formal and informal institutions. Therefore, conflict and informal institution have some positive impact for the successful conservation. We suggest that authorities have to study the nature and types of conflicts before implementing rules and institutional arrangements thereafter. Keywords – collective action, institutions, commons, conflicts, conservation
COVID -19 and its environmental impacts
Authors: Parrey Imtiyaz Rasool 
Published: June 2021

This analysis aims to show the impact of COVID-19 on the environment, particularly in the countries, which are deadly affected by COVID-19, such countries include China, USA, Italy, and Spain. Our experiment suggested that there are significant contingency measures and improvements in air quality, clean beaches, rivers, and environmental noise reduction. However, on the other side, there are some negative effects of COVID -19 such as the reduction in cycling, large waste, fishing, unemployment. In order to build back, better UN has given six climate-related actions to shape the recovery for the future.
Air Pollution Assessment of a Gas Flare Site in the Niger Delta Region
Authors: Ehumadu Chioma Olivia , Lucky Uyigue , Onyedikachukwu Ndekwu Benneth 
Published: June 2021

Aim: The aim of this research was to investigate the level of air pollutants generated from a gas flaring plant in Ogbogu and Ebocha communities of Rivers State, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
Study design: Seven monitoring stations were selected for Air quality monitoring, which involved measurement of basic air quality index and meteorological parameters using standard meteorological Equipment. Monitoring locations were selected with respect to the prevailing wind direction from the flare point. The following measurements were conducted;

Gas emission: CO, SO2, NO2, VOC, CH4, H2S, NH3
Meteorological: Humidity, Wind Velocity, Wind direction, Atmospheric Pressure, Heat Radiation and Smoke density.

Place and duration of study: This study was carried out in Ogba/Egbema/Ndoni Local Government Area of Rivers State. This area was chosen for this study because of the high volume of petroleum activities. Oil and gas processing, production, transportation and utilization for power generation occur daily in the area resulting in numerous cases of environmental degradation and pollution.
Methodology: A multigas Detector MSA Orion is used to monitor the different gases at 20m, 50m, 100m, 500m, and 700m. A Krestel Extech model 45112 mutli-parameter air quality equipment is used to determine the direction of wind flow and speed at a particular location.
Results: The gases flared are in decreasing order of NOx,>SOx,>CO>VOC >SMP at increasing distance. This implies that the health of the people in the study area is affected negatively especially those living very close at 20- 100m distance to the flare site since the gases are occurring at levels higher towards the allowable limits of FEPA. The quantity of carbon emitted by these flares is about 2,525,000.00 tons of carbon per day. These values portray a bad omen for the affected communities. This study recommends that gas flaring should be seen as violent action against the people and that the flared gas should be channeled to meeting the ever increasing demand for energy in the industrial sector of the economy.
Conclusion: It is safe to conclude that gas flaring not only produces excessive heat which alters the temperature of the environment, but also causes gaseous pollutants to be present in the environment and this may have adverse effects on the inhabitants and thus on the socio-economic activities of Ebocha community. The temperature of the environment returns to normal at about 450m away from the flare stack. Residential buildings should therefore be located and agricultural activities should be encouraged within this range of distance.
New‐onset Crohn's disease after interleukin‐17A inhibitor therapy with secukinumab: A report of an unusual case
Authors: Wu Tung‐Lung , Hsu Hui‐Ting , Yen Hsu‐Heng , Chen Yang‐Yuan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA 32‐year‐old man with a history of arthropathic psoriasis had regular follow‐up checkups and medications to control his arthropathic psoriasis at our rheumatology outpatient department. He had diarrhea for 20 days and visited our gastroenterology outpatient department. On the basis of the colonoscopy findings, a diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease) was made. We reviewed his medical history and found that he had used secukinumab 2 months before. Pathological examination revealed chronic colitis with severe activity, compatible with inflammatory bowel disease. The biologic was shifted from secukinumab to adalimumab. His diarrhea gradually improved in the following 3 months. A follow‐up colonoscopy 6 months after revealed remission of the ileal and colonic ulcers.
Condition‐dependent male copulatory courtship and its benefits for females
Authors: Cargnelutti Franco , Reyes Ramírez Alicia , Cristancho Shara , Sandoval‐García Iván A. , Rocha‐Ortega Maya , Calbacho‐Rosa Lucía , Palacino Freddy , Córdoba‐Aguilar Alex 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPostcopulatory sexual selection has shaped the ornaments used during copulatory courtship. However, we know relatively little about whether these courtship ornaments are costly to produce or whether they provide indirect benefits to females. We used the mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor, to explore this. We challenged males using an entomopathogenic fungus and compared their courtship (frequency of leg and antennal contacts to the female), copulation duration, number of eggs laid, and hatching rate against control males. Infected males copulated for longer yet they reduced their leg and antennal contacts compared to control males. However, there was no obvious relation between infection, copulation duration, and courtship with egg production and hatching success. In general, our results indicate that the ornaments used during postcopulatory courtship are condition‐dependent. Moreover, such condition dependence cannot be linked to male fitness.
Chalcone derived benzoheterodiazepines for medicinal applications: A Two‐pot and one‐pot synthetic approach
Authors: Farooq Saba , Ngaini Zainab 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe production of effective drugs has continuously been a challenging process for researchers due to the occurrence of resistive diseases. Drugs derived from natural product‐based compounds as an active scaffold have gained interest in drug development due to a wide range of biological properties. Benzoheterodiazepines, a natural product derivative of bicyclic chalcones have been widely reported with various therapeutic potentials. This review discusses current synthetic methods in the preparation of benzoheterodiazepine derivatives (i.e., homocyclic benzoheterodiazepine, heterocyclic benzoheterodiazepine, bis‐benzoheterodiazepine, and fused benzoheterodiazepine) via two‐pot and one‐pot synthetic routes. Several reaction protocols following both synthetic routes have been developed for efficient and higher yields that offer access to different functionalization of benzoheterodiazepines are comprehensively described. This review is important in the heterocyclic chemistry of benzoheterodiazepines and pharmacological industries in drug development processes.
Mucopolysaccharidoses type I gene therapy
Authors: Hurt Sarah C. , Dickson Patricia I. , Curiel David T. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMucopolysaccharidoses type I (MPS I) is an inherited metabolic disease characterized by a malfunction of the α‐l‐iduronidase (IDUA) enzyme leading to the storage of glycosaminoglycans in the lysosomes. This disease has longtime been studied as a therapeutic target for those studying gene therapy and many studies have been done using various vectors to deliver theIDUAgene for corrective treatment. Many vectors have difficulties with efficacy and insertional mutagenesis concerns including adeno‐associated viral (AAV) vectors. Studies of AAV vectors treating MPS I have seemed promising, but recent deaths in gene therapy clinical trials for other inherited diseases using AAV vectors have left questions about their safety. Additionally, the recent modifications to adenoviral vectors leading them to target the vascular endothelium minimizing the risk of hepatotoxicity could lead to them being a viable option for MPS I gene therapy when coupled with gene editing technologies like CRISPR/Cas9.
Fine structure of a tiny gymnophalloid miracidium (Digenea)
Authors: Smirnov Peter A. , Dobrovolskij Andrey A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe elucidate the morphology of the miracidia with passive strategy of infection. In contrast to the well‐studied “active” free‐swimming larvae (e.g., those of Schistosoma, Fasciola, Echinostoma), “passive” miracidia do not search for their hosts in the external environment. The infection occurs only after the mollusk ingests the eggs with the larvae. The miracidia of this type are extremely miniaturized organisms whose somatic elements are reduced compared to the “active” forms. The details of the structure are unknown for the majority of taxa with “passive” larvae. Here, we provide the first description of a gymnophalloid miracidium based on ultrastructural data. The larva of Parvatrema affinis Jameson & Nicoll, 1913 consists of 21 cells. Its nervous and excretory systems are reduced to the extreme level. Its penetration apparatus includes two crystalloid gland‐cells, unique among digeneans. The “true” epithelium of its body wall is a novelty never described for any other miracidium. We compare the structure of gymnophalloid and bucephaloid miracidia trying to determine possible ancestral features of the larvae in this digenean lineage and trends of their evolution.
Bayesian Network Oriented Transfer Learning Method for Credit Scoring Model
Authors: Iwai Koichi , Akiyoshi Masanori , Hamagami Tomoki 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCredit scoring model (CSM) is a risk management tool that assesses the credit worthiness of a customer borrower by estimating her probability of default based on historical data. Traditionally CSM is built by logit model or decision tree algorithm in financial companies, and in recent studies CSM has been integrated with machine learning algorithms such as random forest and gradient boosting to process a number of complex attributes of customer borrowers. On the other hand, CSM has been facing a critical challenge ‐ the domain adaptation of customer borrowers. For domain adaptation problem, transfer learning techniques are generally utilized, however, it is quite difficult to execute precise predictions for unknown domain datasets in CSM because the distributions of labels could be different depending on the characteristics of domains. Therefore, there is no appropriate transfer learning method to solve domain adaptation problem in credit scoring. In this paper we propose a comprehensive transfer learning framework using Bayesian network to extract useful knowledge based on probability distributions to predict probability of default of customer borrowers more precisely than existing machine learning and transfer learning methods. Experimental results showed the proposed method performed over the existing machine learning and transfer learning methods for accuracy of predictions. © 2021 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
The KiK Case: A Critical Perspective from the South
Authors: Azeem Muhammad 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLabour in Global South countries often has meagre social security protections and almost no representation in domestic legislatures. To address this deficit, labour law’s clear orientation towards “distributive justice” and emphasis on constitutionally protected freedom of association and collective bargaining rights have been core values for workers and labour movements in the South. Over the course of the last century, labour law has increasingly sought to assure “distributive justice” by departing from the confines of “corrective justice” and the slippery “ethical” basis of private law in both civil and common law systems. This chapter asks how both multinational corporations’ (MNCs) recent turn toward the use of codes of conduct in regards to labour and working conditions (labour codes) and, correspondingly, activists’ increasing reliance on the private law doctrines of tort and damages to resolve labour disputes, dilutes labour law’s focus on “distributive justice.” What problems and challenges do these shifts cause for labour law practice and theory? Taking the KiK case as an example, this chapter applies a critical legal perspective to address these questions.