bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Open Drops in Ophthalmology Offices: Expiration and Contamination
Authors: Wessels Izak F , Bekendam Pamela , Calvin W Scott , Zimmerman Grenith J 
Published: April 2021

* OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between eye drop use and contamination rate in ophthalmology offices.
* DESIGN: Following permission request, open bottles were examined and the nozzle tip and one drop of content was cultured on solid media.
* OUTCOME MEASURES: Drug category, volume, weight compared to full, clean legible label, expiration date; 2 or more bacterial colonies along the inoculation site.
* RESULTS: In 18 offices, of 1,485 open bottles (mean 12.2, range 4 to 23 per lane) on average 19.8% (range 0% to 88%) were expired (16.2 of 82.5 bottles per office). The frequency of occurrence (%) and expiration (%E) were 40.3% cycloplegics (19.4%E); 16.4% glaucoma (33.7%E); 10.8% anesthetics (8.8%E); and 4% steroids (8.8%E; or 42.2%E including one outlier). Most likely expired were glaucoma (P < 0.001); small 2-3 ml (P < 0.02), nearly empty (P < 0.05), or dirty (P < 0.001) bottles. Only one (5 ml cyclopentolate, not expired) grew a Micrococcus (0.07%).
* CONCLUSIONS: Drops in ophthalmology offices may be expired but are not contaminated.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1999;30:540-546.]
Concurrent Validity of a Stationary Cycling Test and the Buffalo Concussion Treadmill Test in Adults With Concussion
Authors: Graham Robert F. , van Rassel Cody R. , Burma Joel S. , Rutschmann Trevor D. , Miutz Lauren N. , Sutter Bonnie , Schneider Kathryn 
Published: April 2021

Context
After concussion, a multifaceted assessment is recommended, including tests of physical exertion. The current criterion standard for exercise testing after concussion is the Buffalo Concussion Treadmill Test (BCTT); however, validated tests that use alternative exercise modalities are lacking.

Objective
To evaluate the feasibility and concurrent validity of a universal cycling test of exertion compared with the BCTT in adults who sustained a sport-related concussion.

Design
Crossover study.

Setting
University sports medicine clinic.

Patients or Other Participants
Twenty adults (age = 18–60 years) diagnosed with a sport-related concussion.

Intervention(s)
Participants completed the BCTT and a cycling test of exertion in random order, approximately 48 hours apart.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
The primary outcome of interest was maximum heart rate (HRmax; beats per minute [bpm]). Secondary outcomes of interest were the total number of symptoms endorsed on the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale, whether the participant reached volitional fatigue (yes or no), the symptom responsible for test cessation (Post-Concussion Symptom Scale), maximum rating of perceived exertion, symptom severity on a visual scale (0–10), and the time to test cessation.

Results
Of the 20 participants, 19 (10 males, 9 females) completed both tests. One participant did not return for the second test and was excluded from the analysis. No adverse events were reported. The median HRmax for the BCTT (171 bpm; interquartile range = 139–184 bpm) was not different from the median HRmax for the cycle (173 bpm; interquartile range = 160–182 bpm; z = −0.63; P = .53). For both tests, the 3 most frequently reported symptoms responsible for test cessation were headache, dizziness, and pressure in the head. Of interest, most participants (64%) reported a different symptom responsible for cessation of each test.

Conclusions
On the novel cycling test of exertion, participants achieved similar HRmax and test durations and, therefore, this test may be a suitable alternative to the BCTT. Future research to understand the physiological reason for the heterogeneity in symptoms responsible for test cessation is warranted.
OTOMOTİV YAN SANAYİİ İÇİN ERGONOMİ RİSK ANALİZİ VE AYDINLATMA ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: ADALAR Engin , ÇAKMAK Aziz , ATICI ULUSU Hilal , GÜNDÜZ Tülin 
Published: April 2021

İşyerlerinde çalışanlar yük taşıma gibi manuel işlemler esnasında kas iskelet sistemi rahatsızlıklarına sebep olabilecek pozisyonlarda çalışabilmektedir. Çalışan sağlığının korunması açısından bu pozisyonların değerlendirilmesi ve eğer gerekirse risk taşımayacak hale getirilecek şekilde değiştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Uygun olmayan pozisyonlar dışında, işyerindeki çevresel koşullar da çalışan sağlığını etkileyen ergonomik faktörleri oluşturmaktadır. Bunlar; gürültü, aydınlatma, sıcaklık, nem, titreşim gibi faktörlerdir.
Bu çalışmada, otomotiv sektörü için araç amblemleri ve dekoratif krom kaplama parçaları üretimi gerçekleştiren bir firmada ergonomik analiz gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı, otomotiv yan sanayiinde faaliyet gösteren firmadaki çalışma istasyonlarında yeni işyeri ve çalışma yöntemleri tasarlamaktır. Böylece uzun vadede çalışan sağlığının korunması ve verimliliğin arttırılması hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaçla, firmada gerçekleştirilen yük itme-çekme işlemleri analiz edilmiş, çalışanların maruz kaldığı risk belirlenmiştir. Çalışma düzeni, itme-çekme işlemlerini azaltacak şekilde değiştirilerek robot kullanımına başlanmıştır. Ayrıca, özellikle kalite kontrol işlemlerinin yapıldığı departmanlarda aydınlatma analizi yapılmıştır. Çalışanı ve iş verimini olumsuz etkileyen yansıma problemi ortadan kaldırılacak şekilde düzenleme yapılmıştır.
Implementasi Data Mining Pola penjualan Sparepart Motor Honda Pada Pt Rotella Persada Mandiri Dengan Menggunakan Algoritma Apriori
Authors: Elyas Ananda Hadi , Prayoga Jonathan 
Published: April 2021

Penjualan adalah suatu kegiatan utama ekonomi yang cukup penting dalam rangka pencapaian tujuan perusahaan. Secara umum penjualan dilakukan dengan memiliki tujuan tertentu yaitu mendatangkan suatu keuntungan kepada seorang yang memasarkan produk-produk atau jasa-jasa tertentu. Suku cadang atau sparepart adalah suatu alat yang mendukung pengadaan barang untuk keperluan peralatan yang digunakan dalam proses produksi”. Berdasarkan definisi diatas, suku cadang merupakan faktor utama yang menentukan jalannya proses produksi dalam suatu perusahaan. Sehingga dapat dikatakan suku cadang ini mempunyai peranan yang cukup besar dalam serangkaian aktivitas perusahaan. Data mining merupakan suatu cabang ilmu dari kecerdasan buatan (artificial intelligence). Dalam data mining terdapat beberapa jenis metode sesuai dengan pemanfaatannya diantaranya: prediksi, asosiasi, klasifikasi, klastering, dan estimasi. Dalam metode asosiasi terdapat beberapa teknik diantaranya adalah Metode Apriori. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa dengan memanfaatkan algoritma apriori untuk menghasilkan sebuah data baru yang dapat digunakan sebagai referensi bagi pemilik toko barang dalam hal penyajian barang kepada konsumen sebagai bagian dari memaksimalkan penjualan. Kata Kunci— Pola Penjualan Sparepart, Data Mining, Metode Algoritma Apriori.
Strategi Pembangunan Dan Pengembangan Permukiman Dalam Penanganan Permukiman Kumuh Di Jawa Timur
Authors: Dyah Nawang Wulan Niken , Widodo Andre prasetyo 
Published: April 2021

AbstrakPermukiman kumuh merupakan wilayah yang lahir karena kegagalan pembangunan, kemiskinan dan tingkat kepadatan penduduk tinggi. Seperti yang kita ketahui, permukiman kumuh tidak memenuhi kriteria permukiman layak huni. Penelitian ini akan membahas bagaimana strategi pembangunan dan pengembangan infrastruktur permukiman oleh pemerintah daerah dalam penanganan permukiman kumuh di Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan cara deskriptif analisis melalui data yang diperoleh dari studi kepustakaan. Hasil dari studi kepustakan merupakan komparatif program pemerintah dari dua wilayah yaitu Kabupaten Sidoarjo dan Kota Malang. Berdasarkan hasil studi komparatif dari kedua wilayah tersebut dapat diketahui pelaksanaan program KOTAKU (Kota Tanpa Kumuh) dan capaian yang telah diperoleh kedua wilayah tersebut.Kata Kunci: Pembangunan; Infrastruktur; Permukiman Kumuh;
AbstractSlums are areas that were born because of development failure, poverty and high population density. As we know, slums do not meet the criteria for habitation. This research will discuss how the development strategy and development of settlement infrastructure by local governments in handling slums in East Java. This Study uses a qualitative method by means of descriptive analysis through data obtained from literatur studies. The result of the literatur study are comparative government programs from two regions namely Sidoarjo Regency and Malang city. Based on the result of a comparative study of the two regions, it can be seen the implementation of the KOTAKU (City Without Slums) program and the achievements that have been obtained by the two regions.
Keywords: Development; Infrastructure; Slums;
Implementasi Alokasi Dana Desa Di Desa Permai Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti
Authors: Dora Rezkia 
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan bagaimana implementasi tentang Alokasi Dana Desa di Desa Permai Kecamatan Rangsang Barat Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui secara jelas penggunaan Alokasi Dana Desa dari tahun 2019 hingga tahun 2020 mulai dari proses kegiatan ADD, implementasi ADD, hingga pada tahap pengawasan dan evaluasi dari program ADD tersebut. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif untuk menggambarkan bagaimana implementasi ADD di Desa Permai, Kecamatan Rangsang Barat, Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti secara keseluruhan. Dari hasil penelitian, ditemukan bahwa proses kegiatan ADD sudah berjalan dengan baik, namun ada beberapa program yang belum terealisasi sepenuhnya. Hal ini dikarenakan jumlah dana ADD dinilai masih sangat minim mengingat kebutuhan di Desa Permai sangat banyak dan memerlukan perhatian khusus.Adapun hasil penelitian ini belum diterbitkan dimanapun.
LÍMITES A LAS RETRIBUCIONES DE LOS CARGOS ELECTOS LOCALES
Authors: ALDOMÀ BUIXADÉ JOSEP , FONT I LLOVET TOMÁS , VILALTA REIXACH MARC 
Published: April 2021

La aprobación de la Ley 27/2013, de 27 de diciembre, de Racionalización y Sostenibilidad de la Administración Local ha supuesto, entre otras muchas cuestiones, una modificación importante del régimen retributivo de los cargos electos locales. En este sentido y partiendo de un repaso general al régimen económico de los miembros de las corporaciones locales, este trabajo pretende dar respuesta a algunos de los principales interrogantes que plantea dicha reforma, especialmente en lo que se refiere a las limitaciones máximas que pueden percibirse.
toki-administrazioaren Arrazionalizazio eta Iraunkortasunari buruzko abenduaren 27ko 27/2013 Legea onartzeak tokiko hautetsien ordainsarien araubidea nabarmen aldatzea ekarri du, besteak beste. Testuinguru horretan eta tokiko korporazioetako kideen araubide ekonomikoaren berrikuspen bat oinarri hartuta, lan honetan erreforma horren ondorio diren zalantza nagusiak argitu nahi dira, batik bat jaso daitezkeen gehienezko ordainsariei buruzkoak.
the approval of Act 27/2013 of December 27th on Rationalisation and Sustainability of Local Administrations meant, among many other issues, an important amendment to the emoluments regime of local elected representatives. In this regard and on the basis of a general overview of the economic regime of the officials working for local corporations, this work aims to respond to some of the primary questions posed by this reform, especially with regard to the maximum limits to the emoluments to be percieved.
Some Long Term Lessons From Minority Language Education in Ontario
Authors: Frenette Normand , Quazi Saeed 
Published: April 2021

This paper reports on a comparative and longitudinal study of French-language minority access to higher education in Ontario. The province of Ontario provides homogeneous French-language and bilingual 'mixed' schools at the elementary and secondary levels as well as bilingual institutions at the tertiary level. Since 1990, there has been a homogeneous French language college serving the Eastern region of the province, to which was added two new colleges in 1995. While French- language programs are available throughout the province, it remains that English language programs and institutions are usually more accessible both geographically and regarding the depth and variety of programs.
Experience has shown that in this particular minority language setting, it is the offer of minority language educational services that creates the demand, rather than the converse. Thus, the provision of French- medium programs is followed by an increase in minority enrollments and the preference for French-medium programs, even though English- medium programs are more numerous and more convenient. The reduction of French-medium programs is followed by the decline of minority enrollments, even though Francophones are clearly bilingual and in many cases even more at ease in the majority language than in their mother tongue.
Higher Education and Student Employment Needs
Authors: Beach Horace D. 
Published: April 2021

Harold Macmillan, former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, recounted what an Oxford professor said back in the thirties about higher education. The professor introduced his course with these words: (14)
Gentlemen — you are now about to embark upon a course of studies which will occupy you for two years. Together they form a noble adventure. But I would like to remind you of an important point. Some of you, when you go down from the University will go into the Church, or to the Bar, or to the House of Commons, to the Home Civil Service, to the Indian or Colonial Services, or into various professions. Some may go into the Army, some into industry and commerce; some may become country gentlemen. A few - I hope very few — will become teachers or dons. Let me make this clear to you. Except for the last category, nothing that you will learn in the course of your studies will be of the slightest possible use to you in after life ~ save only this - that if you work hard and intelligently, you should be able to detect when a man is talking rot, and that, in my view, is the main, if not the sole purpose, of education.
This is one view of higher education, and an important view. However, there is a here- after for college and university students, in which they must survive and carry on. In this paper I shall focus on the employment aspect of the hereafter. What is the impact of a college or university education on students' future employment?
Systemic inflammatory markers and serum lactate dehydrogenase predict survival in patients with Wilms tumour
Authors: Kunc Michał , Gabrych Anna , Dulak Dominika , Hasko Karolina , Styczewska Malgorzata , Szmyd Dagmara , Nilsson Kristoffer , Iwinski Marek , Sobocińska-Mirska Agata , Sawicka-Zukowska Malgorzata , Krawczyk Malgorzata , Bien Ewa 
Published: April 2021

IntroductionMarkers of inflammation such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) have been found to be associated with survival in cancer patients. The aim of the current study was to establish the prognostic significance of simple laboratory markers of systemic inflammation in paediatric patients diagnosed with Wilms tumour (WT). Additionally, we aimed to compare the complete blood count (CBC) parameters of WT patients and the non-oncological control group.Material and methodsThe study group included 88 children diagnosed with WT. Clinicopathological data, as well as CBC, C-reactive protein (CRP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels at diagnosis, were obtained. Additionally, the laboratory results of 62 healthy control paediatric patients were collected. Uni- and multivariate proportional Cox’s hazard analyses were computed to create a model predicting relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in the study group.ResultsHigh CRP, LDH, and NLR were associated with a higher stage of WT and shorter RFS, whereas all parameters correlated with OS. In multivariate analysis, only LDH levels had adverse significance in predicting RFS. C-reactive protein and LMR retained their prognostic value in the multivariate model predicting OS. Comparing the WT group with controls, high LDH, high CRP, high NLR, and high PLR were associated with WT presence.ConclusionsPreoperative LDH, CRP, NLR, PLR, and LMR have significant prognostic value in patients with WT independently of age and stage. Combined low CRP and high LMR identified the group of patients with excellent OS. Patients with high LDH were characterized by the highest risk of relapse.
A rare variant in the IL22RA2 gene is associated with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss in Han Chinese women
Authors: Cui Ying , Li Zeng-Ming , Chen Jin , Zeng Xin , Liu Fa-Ying , Yang Chun-Yan , Ye Qian , Zhang Zi-Yu , Luo Yong , Chen Xiao-Yong , Zou Yang 
Published: April 2021

IntroductionRecurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) occurred in ~1-2% of reproductive women. Previous studies have implicated that altered expression and polymorphisms of interleukin-related genes might be involved in RPL. The aim of this study was to explore the potential presence of interleukin-22 receptor subunit alpha-2 (IL22RA2) mutations in Han Chinese women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (URPL).Material and methodsA total of 328 Han Chinese women with URPL were analyzed for the potential mutations in the IL22RA2 gene by sequencing all of the exons. Furthermore, 615 Han Chinese control women without miscarriage history were also analyzed. Evolutionary conservation and in silico analyses were performed to predict the potential pathogenicity of IL22RA2 mutations.ResultsA rare variant, p.Arg204* (c.610C>T), was identified in 4 out of 328 URPL samples. In contrast, this rare variant was absent in 615 Han Chinese control women without miscarriage history and had a significantly higher mutation frequency when compared with 10588 Chinese control samples from The China Metabolic Analytics Project (ChinaMAP), 4245 East Asians, or 60051 individuals across the world from the Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC) database. Evolutionary conservation analysis indicated this rare variant was highly conserved from Human to Zebrafish, in silico analysis implicated this rare variant might be pathogenic.ConclusionsAn enrichment of a potentially pathogenic rare variant in the IL22RA2 gene was observed in URPL patients, for the first time, implicating this rare variant might be associated with the development of URPL. However, further functional assays would be performed to confirm the potential role of this rare variant in URPL.
Therapy as an art: how to cope with patient anxiety
Authors: Ковалёва И.В. , Фоменко Н.Д. 
Published: April 2021

С 17 по 20 февраля 2021 г. в Москве в режиме онлайн прошла XVIIмеждисциплинарная конференция с международным участием «Вейновские чтения». 18 февраля в рамках данного мероприятия при поддержке компании Materia Medica состоялся симпозиум под названием «Терапия как искусство: как справиться с тревогой пациента» с одновременным мастер-классом по арт-терапии. Окружающая нас информационная и физическая среда вызывает значительный рост частоты встречаемости расстройств адаптации и массовое повышение уровня тревожности населения, ставшее особенно заметным в период пандемии COVID-19. Тревожные нарушения в настоящее время обнаруживаются у 8 из 10 пациентов, обращающихся за помощью к врачу. Научные исследования показывают, что приобщение к искусству и культуре является мощным терапевтическим средством, способным уменьшить тревогу и другие клинические проявления заболеваний. Арт-терапия начинает входить в стандарты лечения. На мастер-классе была представлена методология, включающая в себя последние достижения нанофармакологии и арт-терапии для управления тревогой – самым распространенным синдромом в клинической практике врача любой специальности на сегодняшний день.
From 17 to 20 February 2021, the XVII interdisciplinary conference with international participation «Wein's Readings» was held online in Moscow. On February 18, as part of this event, with the support of Materia Medica, a symposium entitled «Therapy as an art: how to cope with patient anxiety» was held with a simultaneous master class on art therapy. The information and physical environment around us causes a significant increase in the incidence of adjustment disorders and a massive increase in the level of anxiety among the population, which became especially noticeable during the COVID-19 pandemic. Anxiety disorders are currently found in 8 out of 10 patients seeking medical attention. Scientific research shows that art and culture is a powerful therapeutic agent that can reduce anxiety and other clinical manifestations of disease. Art therapy is starting to become part of the treatment standard. At the master class, a methodology was presented that includes the latest achievements of nanopharmacology and art therapy for managing anxiety – the most common syndrome in the clinical practice of a doctor of any specialty today.
Case of late diagnosis of dermatomyositis with anti-synthetic syndrome
Authors: Смирнова Л.А. , Симонова О.В. , Сухих Е.Н. 
Published: April 2021

Полимиозит (ПМ) и дерматомиозит (ДМ) — аутоиммунные заболевания скелетной мускулатуры неизвестной этиологии, которые относятся к системным заболеваниям соединительной ткани и объединяются общим термином «идиопатические воспалительные миопатии». Наиболее тяжелым подтипом полимиозита и дерматомиозита (ПМ/ДМ) является антисинтетазный синдром (АСС), ассоциированный с наличием специфических иммунологических маркеров в сыворотке крови – антисинтетазных антител. АСС имеет клинические особенности, отличающие его от группы ПМ/ДМ в целом. Интерстициальное заболевание легких – наиболее распространенное экстрамускулярное поражение при ПМ/ДМ является ключевым прогностическим фактором течения заболевания, а также определяет терапевтическую тактику и прогноз. Трудности своевременной диагностики ДМ с АСС зачастую связаны с тем, что заболевание может начинаться с легочной симптоматики при отсутствии явных признаков миопатии. Представлен клинический случай поздней диагностики данного заболевания.
Polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) are autoimmune diseases of skeletal muscles of unknown etiology, which belong to systemic diseases of the connective tissue and are collectively called «idiopathic inflammatory myopathies». The most severe subtype of polymyositis and dermatomyositis (PM/DM) is antisynthetase syndrome (ACC), associated with the presence of specific immunological markers in the blood serum – antisynthetase antibodies. ACC has clinical features that distinguish it from the PM/DM group as a whole. Interstitial lung disease, the most common extramuscular lesion in PM/DM, is a klyuchevoy prognostic factor in the course of the disease, as well as determining therapeutic tactics and prognosis. Difficulties in the timely diagnosis of DM with ACC are often associated with the fact that the disease can begin with pulmonary symptoms in the absence of obvious signs of myopathy. A clinical case of late diagnosis of this disease is presented.