bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Citizens lack access to healthcare facilities: How COVID‐19 lockdown and social distancing policies boost roadside chemist businesses in South‐Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Iwuoha Victor Chidubem , Aniche Ernest Toochi , Obiora Charles Arinze , Umeifekwem Uchenna T. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study examines how COVID‐19 lockdown and social distancing policies impacted on citizens' access to healthcare facilities and the level of patronage of chemist/pharmacies for self‐treatment. A cross‐sectional questionnaire survey method was used to collect data by asking individuals quantitative and qualitative questions in person which included 6 structured open‐ended questions. Participants include operators of purposively selected three classes of small businesses/self‐employed services in South‐Eastern Nigeria. This involves 120 fashion/event related businesses, 80 food related businesses and 100 general merchandise–a total of 300 small businesses. Quantitative data were analysed by frequencies and descriptive statistics while qualitative data were analysed using thematic/content analysis. It concludes that although COVID‐19 lockdown policies are generally perceived to have negative effects on small businesses, these policies have particularly had positive effects on the chemist/pharmacies businesses compared with other small businesses. About 85% increase in patronage of chemist businesses compared with 63.7% decline in patronage of other small businesses is essentially linked to increasing rate of self‐medication as a result of government's poor implementation of COVID‐19 public health policies amidst lockdown measures–which limited people's access to hospitals and healthcare centres. The study proposes reformed pandemic‐lockdown policies to increase people's access to healthcare services and reduce overreliance on self‐medication and excessive patronage of roadside chemist/pharmacies.
How and when do prior international experiences lead to global work? A career motivation perspective
Authors: Akkan Eren , Lee Yih‐Teen , Reiche B. Sebastian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWhile research suggests a link between individuals' prior international experiences and their future participation in global work, we know little about how and the conditions under which this relationship occurs. Drawing on career motivation theory, we conceptualize global identity as a mediator between individuals' density of prior international experiences—defined as the extent to which time spent in culturally novel countries has provided individuals with developmental opportunities—and their global work aspirations, which in turn leads to their global work involvement. Further, this multi‐stage mediation model holds mainly when individuals receive positive feedback regarding their intercultural competencies (i.e., cultural intelligence) from their peers. We test our model using a multi‐wave multi‐source dataset spanning 6 years. We discuss implications for the literatures on prior international experiences and global careers.
Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects on MHD flow of viscoelastic fluid over stretching/shrinking sheet in the presence of thermal radiation and chemical reaction
Authors: Mehta Rahul , Kataria Hari R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe study covers the robust viscoelastic fluid stream across a stretchable surface. The analysis is conducted taking into account Brownian movement, chemical reactions, and thermophoresis. The dominant partial differential equations become regular differential equations. The method used to solve nonlinear systems is homotopy analysis. The solutions are graphically designed to illustrate the impact on speed, temperature, and concentration profiles of different parameters. The Mathematica code contains a graphical representation of the effects of different variables on speed, temperature, and distribution profiles. It is seen that, Fluid speed decreases with increases in K and M. From graphical representation, the friction of the skin on increasing K is seen to decrease. Sherwood number improves and Nusselt reduces with an increase in Nb. It is also mentioned.
Projected changes in the near‐future mean climate and extreme climate events in northeast Thailand
Authors: Khadka Dibesh , Babel Mukand S. , Collins Matthew , Shrestha Sangam , Virdis Salvatore G. P. , Chen Albert S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study provides an assessment of changes in mean and extreme climate in northeast Thailand, focusing on the near‐future period (2021–2050). Spatiotemporal changes in climate extremes and return values are investigated compared to 1981–2010. Climate model‐related uncertainties are quantified using 14 models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) and 8 models from phase 6 (CMIP6). CMIP6 models have a higher sensitivity to external forcings as the CMIP6 ensemble suggests an increase in maximum and minimum temperatures by 1.45°C (0.8–1.9°C) and 1.54°C (1.1–1.9°C) under the high emission scenario, which is greater than by CMIP5 ensemble: 1.10°C (0.5–1.7°C) and 1.13°C (0.7–1.6°C), respectively. No significant changes in annual rainfall are projected, although it will be temporally more uneven with decreases (6–11%) during the pre‐rainy season (March–May) and increases (2–8%) during the rainy season (June–October). The bootstrap analysis technique shows the inter‐model uncertainties for rainfall projections in CMIP6 have reduced by 40% compared to CMIP5. The annual number of hot days will increase more than twofold and warm nights, more than threefold. Near‐future will experience an increase in the rainfall intensity, a decrease in the number of rainy days, and an increase in the 20‐year return values of annual maximum 1‐day rainfall and consecutive 5‐days rainfall (>30%). In addition, the rainy season will be shortened in the future as onset and retreat are delayed, which may have implications in agricultural activities in the basin since cultivation is primarily rainfed. These findings suggest that anthropogenic activities will significantly amplify the climate extremes. The study results will be useful for managing climate‐related risks and developing adaptation measures to improve resilience towards potential climate hazards.
‘The Captain of the Band is un Galant Uomo’: The Good Bandit from Boccaccio to Washington Irving
Authors: Ceteroni Alessandro , Puleo Simone Maria 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe article explores the figure of the “good bandit,” connecting representations of the historical personage Ghino di Tacco in late‐medieval Italian literature with the bandits in Washington Irving’s travel tales. Ghino di Tacco was a notorious bandit, known for raiding pilgrims and travelers in thirteenth‐century Tuscany. Nevertheless, according to literary sources such as Boccaccio's Decameron, the infamous raider left his victims unharmed and with the means necessary to complete their journeys. Sources also indicate that Ghino di Tacco became a bandit because of factional disputes and was eventually pardoned by Pope Boniface VIII for healing the Abbot of Cluny. Similarly, the fictional bandits in Irving’s Tales of a Traveller (1824) are revealed to be men of moral standing, forced into a violent life of banditry in response to the excesses of nineteenth‐century Italy’s ruling classes. His tales redeem the figure of the bandit from crude one‐dimensional treatments common in the works of English writers such as Ann Radcliffe. Pivoting from established proposals that have characterized bandits as either criminals or revolutionaries, this article argues that, for Boccaccio as with Irving, the figure of the good bandit functions as a symbol of reconciliation and social reintegration.
State‐level educational performance in Brazil: A MCDM approach taking a governance perspective
Authors: Bizzo Eduardo , Furst Rodrigo , Antunes Jorge Junio Moreira , Wanke Peter , Mixon Franklin G. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study presents an educational performance assessment of Brazilian state‐level units using the technique for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution (TOPSIS). Although this technique is a well‐established multi‐criteria decision making (MCDM) model that can be applied across diverse areas, it has yet to be applied to an analysis of primary and secondary education. We assess how state‐level units in Brazil perform in terms of primary and secondary educational inputs and outputs during the period from 2013 to 2017. We handle epistemic uncertainty with regard to weight definition using maximal information entropy. Additionally, a Tobit regression approach on performance scores is developed. Results show that region of the country plays an important role in determining educational performance. Moreover, results indicate that gross domestic product (GDP) is positively related to education scores while infant mortality is negatively associated with educational performance.
KFP‐1, a Novel Calcium‐Binding Peptide Isolated from Kefir, Promotes Calcium Influx Through TRPV6 Channels
Authors: Chang Gary Ro‐Lin , Tu Min‐Yu , Chen Yu‐Hsuan , Chang Ku‐Yi , Chen Chien‐Fu , Lai Jen‐Chieh , Tung Yu‐Tang , Chen Hsiao‐Ling , Fan Hueng‐Chuen , Chen Chuan‐Mu 
Published: September 2021

IntroductionKefir is an acidic and alcoholic fermented milk product with multiple health‐promoting benefits. A previous study demonstrated that kefir enhanced calcium absorption in intestinal Caco‐2 cells. In this study, kefir‐fermented peptide‐1 (KFP‐1) is isolated from the kefir peptide fraction, and its function as a calcium‐binding peptide is characterized.Methods and ResultsKFP‐1 was identified as a 17‐residue peptide with a sequence identical to that of κ‐casein (residues 138–154) in milk protein. KFP‐1 is demonstrated to promote calcium influx in Caco‐2 and IEC‐6 small intestinal cells in a concentration‐dependent manner. TRPV6, but not L‐type voltage‐gated calcium channels, is associated with the calcium influx induced by KFP‐1. An in vitro calcium binding assay indicates that the full‐length KFP‐1 peptide has a higher calcium‐binding capacity than the two truncated KFP‐1 peptides, KFP‐1∆C5 and KFP‐1C5. Alexa Fluor 594 labeling shows that KFP‐1 is taken up by Caco‐2 cells and interacts with calcium ions and TRPV6 protein. Moreover, KFP‐1 is found moderately resistant to pepsin and pancreatin digestions and enhanced calcium uptake by intestinal enterocytes in vivo.ConclusionThese data suggest that KFP‐1, a novel calcium‐binding peptide, binds extracellular calcium ions and enters Caco‐2 and IEC‐6 cells, and promotes calcium uptake through TRPV6 calcium channels. The present study is of great importance for developing kefir‐derived metal ion‐binding peptides as functional nutraceutical additives.
Wideband low‐profile dual‐polarized dielectric patch antenna with metallic pins
Authors: Cao Zhi‐Xun , Zhang Li , Wang Hao , Lu Hao , Liu Jianfeng , Qiu Yonghui 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this article, a lowprofile dual‐polarized dielectric patch antenna (DPA) using TM101 and TM121 modes is proposed for achieving the impedance bandwidth (BW) enhancement. By introducing four metallic pins in a dielectric patch resonator (DPR), the TM121 mode is shifted to low frequencies while TM101 mode is shifted to high frequencies. Therefore, the two modes can be close to each other for obtaining wide working bandwidth. Moreover, two orthogonal aperture‐coupled feeders are employed to excite the proposed DPR to realize the dual polarization. Finally, the proposed antenna is fabricated and measured. The simulated and measured results show that the 10 dB impedance matching bandwidth is 15.2% (5.05–5.87 GHz), while maintaining the low‐profile characteristics with the height of 0.07λ0 (λ0 is free space wavelength at the center frequency f0). In addition, the antenna achieved a peak gain of 8.55 dBi in the operating frequency.
A pharmacokinetics‐based approach to the monitoring of patient adherence to atorvastatin therapy
Authors: Karvaly Gellért Balázs , Karádi István , Vincze István , Neely Michael N. , Trojnár Eszter , Prohászka Zoltán , Imreh Éva , Vásárhelyi Barna , Zsáry András 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe inadequate adherence of patients whose hyperlipidemia is treated with atorvastatin (ATR) to medical instructions presents a serious health risk. Our aim was to develop a flexible approach based on therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), nonparametric population pharmacokinetic modeling, and Monte Carlo simulation to differentiate adherent patients from partially and nonadherent individuals in a nonrandomized, unicentric, observational study. Sixty‐five subjects were enrolled. Nonparametric, mixed‐effect population pharmacokinetic models of the sums of atorvastatin and atorvastatin lactone concentrations (ATR+ATRL) and of the concentrations of the acid and lactone forms of ATR and its 2‐ and 4‐hydroxylated pharmacologically active metabolites (ATR+MET) were elaborated by including the TDM results obtained in 128 samples collected from thirty‐nine subjects. Monte Carlo simulation was performed based on the elaborated models to establish the probabilities of attaining a specific ATR+ATRL or ATR+MET concentration in the range of 0.002–10 nmol (mg dose)−1 L−1 at 1–24 h postdose by adherent, partially adherent, and nonadherent patients. The results of the simulations were processed to allow the estimation of the adherence of further 26 subjects who were phlebotomized at sampling times of 2–20 h postdose by calculating the probabilities of attaining the ATR+ATRL and ATR+MET concentrations measured in these subjects in adherent, partially adherent, and nonadherent individuals. The best predictive values of the estimates of adherence could be obtained with sampling at early sampling times. 61.54% and 38.46% of subjects in the adherence testing set were estimated to be fully and partially adherent, respectively, while in all cases the probability of nonadherence was extremely low. The evaluation of patient adherence to ATR therapy based on pharmacokinetic modeling and Monte Carlo simulation has important advantages over the collection of trough samples and the use of therapeutic ranges.
Transgenic Cry1Ac + CpTI cotton does not compromise parasitoid‐mediated biological control: An eight‐year case study
Authors: Yang Fan , Liu Bing , Zhu Yulin , Desneux Nicolas , Liu Lituo , Li Caihong , Wyckhuys Kris AG , Lu Yanhui 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe on‐farm deployment of genetically modified crops may negatively affect nontarget arthropods, potentially disrupting food web structure and ecosystem functions. Aphid–parasitoid interactions are well‐suited to study these potential impacts in agro‐ecosystems. Over the span of 8 years, we systematically compared infestation levels of the aphid Aphis gossypii, its associated parasitoid community and overall parasitism rate between transgenic Cry1Ac + CpTI cotton and nontransgenic cotton. Furthermore, we measured the impact of transgenic Cry1Ac + CpTI cotton on structural traits and interspecies interactions within quantitative aphid–parasitoid food webs.RESULTSTransgenic Cry1Ac + CpTI cotton did not affect the abundance of aphids and parasitoids, or in‐field parasitism rates. Despite weak interannual variability, transgenic Cry1Ac + CpTI cotton also did not alter food web architecture or biological control services.CONCLUSIONSOur work not only elucidates the impact of transgenic Cry1Ac + CpTI cotton on different nontarget arthropods (i.e. aphids, parasitoids, hyperparasitoids) and their associated ecosystem services or disservices, but also diversifies the ecological risk assessment toolbox for transgenic insecticidal crops. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
LaTeX tutorial for the standardization and automation of population analysis reports
Authors: Frank Thomas , Gastine Silke , Lindauer Klaus , Speth Heiner , Strougo Ashley , Kovar Andreas 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWriting population analysis reports that fulfilling the specifications of submission readiness is a time‐consuming process and prone to human error. Thus, there is a need to streamline the creation of these reports through elements of standardization and automation. LaTeX is considered a suitable program package capable of creating long, modular, structured documents, and, because of its typographic quality, includes formula typesetting. The presented automation scripts together with easily adjustable LaTeX templates are designed to enable the reader to understand and reproduce a typical workflow from analysis to reporting. The focus of this tutorial is to use an example of a population pharmacokinetic analysis to show how to work with the proposed automated structures allowing even a reader new to the concept of LaTeX to automatize the reporting workflow and customize the templates for their specific needs.
Pushed into a crowd: Repositioning costs, resources, and competition in the RTE cereal industry
Authors: Hou Young , Yao Dennis 
Published: September 2021

AbstractResearch summaryThis article exploits a natural experiment involving self‐regulation in the ready‐to‐eat (RTE) breakfast cereal industry to evaluate the performance impact of product repositioning. It then examines how a product's brand equity value declines with repositioning distance and explores various nonprice responses of firms to increased own and rival competition. Self‐regulation led to a crowding of the product space by forcing differentiated products to become more similar. We find that products constrained by regulation performed relatively worse than unconstrained products. Furthermore, brand equity specific to a product was tightly linked to existing product positions. Increased competition also led to increased brand equity investments and some products with strong brand equity repositioned more aggressively than those with weak brand equity.Managerial summaryThis article illustrates how firms respond to newly‐imposed regulatory constraints and how product brand equity is tightly linked to underlying product positions. The analysis is an empirical examination of a self‐regulatory initiative that placed advertising restrictions on high sugar RTE breakfast cereal products targeted toward children. We explore the impact of the regulation on performance and then use the setting to examine the connection between brand equity and changes in product positions. Finally, we examine firm responses to rival entry that include exiting, repositioning, and increasing investments in differentiation.
Ohashia, a new genus ofDerris‐like Millettioid legumes (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) as revealed by molecular phylogenetic evidence
Authors: Zhang Ruo‐Peng , Huang Yun‐Feng , Zhu Xiang‐Yun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDerrishas been one of the most complex genera in the Millettioid s.str. group. Phylogenetic studies have resulted in the transfer of some species intoAganopeandBrachypterumto ensure the monophyly ofDerriss.str. However, the Chinese endemic speciesDerris yunnanensiswas not included in these phylogenies. Compared to the other monophyletic genera of the Millettioid s.str. group, this species has received special attention due to its distinctive morphological characters. This paper aims to provide evidence that supports recognition ofD. yunnanensisas a separate monospecific genus based on morphology and molecular data including complete chloroplast genome and nuclear ITS/5.8S as well astrnK‐matK,trnL‐FIGS, andpsbA‐trnHIGS chloroplast DNA sequences.Derris yunnanensisis consistently recovered in a clade as sister to the genusAntheroporum. The species differs from the other genera of the Millettioid s.str. group by having a pseudoraceme with 6–10 flowers per brachyblast, abaxially puberulent standard, conspicuous calyx teeth with the upper 2 connate and the lowermost distinctly longer than the others, a yellowish‐brown puberulent pod having an adaxial suture with a 1–2 mm wide wing, and ovules 3–6 per ovary. Hence, a new genusOhashiais proposed here.
The Mixed‐Valence Catena‐Heteropolycation (Bi2S2)+
Authors: Knies Maximilian , Nawroth Paul , Golub Pavlo , Isaeva Anna , Ruck Michael 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe reaction of Bi and Bi2S3 in the Lewis‐acidic ionic liquid [BMIm]Cl ⋅ 4.3AlCl3 (BMIm=1‐n‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium) at 200 °C yielded air‐sensitive black crystals of (Bi2S2)[AlCl4]. X‐ray diffraction on single‐crystals revealed a monoclinic structure containing infinite chains
. These polycations contain bismuth(II,III) and sulfur(‐II) atoms, connected by polar covalent Bi−S and Bi−Bi bonds. The assignment of bonds is ambiguous as a distinction between primary and secondary interactions is arbitrary based on interatomic distances. A real‐space quantum chemical bonding analysis, including delocalization indices, helped to quantify the interactions and charge distribution, confirming that a simple Lewis formula is inappropriate to describe the polycation.
Overcoming the Barriers to Service Excellence
Authors: West Shaun , Gaiardelli Paolo , Saccani Nicola 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe seven barriers to be overcome on the way to successful implementation of servitization are as follows: customers; organizational structure and culture; knowledge and information; products and activities; competitors, suppliers, and partners; economic and finance; and society and environment. We will look at each of the barriers in more detail, based on the ranking described in Chap. 1. This chapter draws from the published and unpublished work of the authors using the survey data and the interview insights. This chapter will use cases to describe how others overcame the barriers (Fig. 2.1).
Evidence for the unbinding of the 𝜙4 kink’s shape mode
Authors: Evslin Jarah 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The 𝜙4 double-well theory admits a kink solution, whose rich phenomenology is strongly affected by the existence of a single bound excitation called the shape mode. We find that the leading quantum correction to the energy needed to excite the shape mode is −0.115567λ/M in terms of the coupling λ/4 and the meson mass M evaluated at the minimum of the potential. On the other hand, the correction to the continuum threshold is −0.433λ/M. A naive extrapolation to finite coupling then suggests that the shape mode melts into the continuum at the modest coupling of λ/4 ∼ 0.106M2, where the ℤ2 symmetry is still broken.