bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive values of various serum biomarkers in women with suspected preeclampsia: A prospective study
Authors: Wang Jing , Hu Honghai , Liu Xiaowei , Zhao Shenglong , Zheng Yuanyuan , Jia Zhaoxia , Chen Lu , Zhang Chunhong , Xie Xin , Zhong Junhui , Dong Ying , Liu Jingrui , Lu Yifan , Zhao Zhen , Zhai Yanhong , Zhao Juan , Cao Zheng 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundPreeclampsia (PE) prediction has been shown to improve the maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnancy. We aimed to evaluate the PE prediction values of a series of serum biomarkers.MethodsThe singleton pregnant women (20–36 gestational weeks) with PE‐related clinical and/or laboratory presentations were recruited and had the blood drawn at their first visits. The following markers were tested with the collected serum samples: soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt‐1), placental growth factor (PlGF), thrombomodulin (TM), tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor complex (tPAI‐C), complement factors C1q, B, H, glycosylated fibronectin (GlyFn), pregnancy‐associated plasma protein‐A2 (PAPP‐A2), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cre), uric acid (UA), and cystatin C (Cysc).ResultsOf the 196 recruited subjects, 25% (n = 49) developed preeclampsia before delivery, and 75% remained preeclampsia negative (n = 147). The serum levels of sFlt‐1, BUN, Cre, UA, Cysc, and PAPP‐A2 were significantly elevated, and the PlGF level was significantly decreased in the preeclampsia‐positive patients. In the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analyses, the area under the curves were listed in the order of decreasing values: 0.73 (UA), 0.67 (sFlt‐1/PlGF), 0.66 (Cysc), 0.65 (GlyFn/PlGF), 0.64 (PAPP‐A2/PlGF), 0.63 (BUN), 0.63 (Cre), and 0.60 (PAPP‐A2). The positive predictive values of these serum markers were between 33.1% and 58.5%, and the negative predictive values were between 80.9% and 89.5%.ConclusionsThe serum markers investigated in current study showed better performance in ruling out than ruling in PE. Absence of pre‐defined latency period between blood draw and the onset of PE limits the clinical utility of these markers.
Expectations and beliefs: How single young gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men envision romantic relationships
Authors: Sang Jordan M. , Egan James E. , Meanley Steven P. , Hawk Mary E. , Markovic Nina , Bear Todd M. , Matthews Derrick D. , Bauermeister José A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe developed measures of relational beliefs and expectations among single young gay and bisexual men (YGBM). Data come from an online cross‐sectional study YGBM, which ran from July 2012 until January 2013. There were 50 items on relational beliefs and 25 items on relational expectations. We used random split samples and a priori analysis to group items together and applied principal axis factoring with varimax orthogonal rotation. We had a total N = 1582 in our analytical sample and identified six constructs of relational expectations (restrictions, negative break up, masculine and gender norms, optimism, cheating, immediacy) and two constructs of relational beliefs (sex beliefs, equality). Our findings highlight specific relational cognitions among YGBM and offer insight into the beliefs and expectations that may inform their relationships. Findings may be useful for health professionals to help YGBM reflect and understand the health implications of their beliefs and expectations about same‐sex relationships to promote healthy decision‐making as they seek future partners.
HCMV modulates c‐Mpl/IEX‐1 pathway‐mediated megakaryo/thrombopoiesis via PDGFRα and αvβ3 receptors after allo‐HSCT
Authors: Feng Fei‐Er , Zhang Gao‐Chao , Liu Feng‐Qi , He Yun , Zhu Xiao‐Lu , Liu Xiao , Wang Yu , Wang Jing‐Zhi , Fu Hai‐Xia , Chen Yu‐Hong , Han Wei , Chang Ying‐Jun , Xu Lan‐Ping , Liu Kai‐Yan , Huang Xiao‐Jun , Zhang Xiao‐Hui 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThrombocytopenia is a common complication of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection in immunocompromised hosts, which contributes to poor prognosis even in patients receiving antiviral treatment. Here, we investigated the megakaryo/thrombopoiesis process, including the involvement of the c‐Mpl/IEX‐1 pathway, after HCMV infection, identified receptors mediating the interaction between megakaryocytes (MKs) and HCMV, and explored novel therapeutic targets. Our data shows that HCMV directly infects megakaryocytes in patients with HCMV DNAemia and influences megakaryopoiesis via the c‐Mpl/IEX‐1 pathway throughout megakaryocyte maturation, apoptosis, and platelet generation in vivo and in vitro. After treatment with inhibitors of PDGFRα and αvβ3, the HCMV infection rate in MKs was significantly reduced, suggesting that IMC‐3G3 and anti‐αvβ3 are potential therapeutic alternatives for viral infection. In summary, our study proposes a possible mechanism and potential treatments for thrombocytopenia caused by HCMV infection and other viral diseases associated with abnormal hemostasis.
Delay optimization using repeater insertion in folded graphene nanoribbon interconnect systems
Authors: Das Debaprasad 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we have investigated the delay optimization using repeater insertion in folded graphene nanoribbon (FGNR) interconnect systems for different nanometer technology nodes. The mean free path is modeled as a function of GNR width and Fermi energy. TheRLCequivalent circuit is modeled for analyzing delay and power for global interconnects. The performance of FGNR is compared to that of multi‐layer horizontal graphene nanoribbon (ML‐HGNR) and multi‐layer vertical graphene nanoribbon (ML‐VGNR) interconnects. Our analysis shows that proposed FGNR interconnect with fully diffusive edges can outperform both the ML‐HGNR and ML‐VGNR interconnects as well as the traditional Cu interconnects by reducing the number of repeaters.
Estimation of glucosamine in biomass of Trichoderma reesei cultivated on lignocellulosic substrates
Authors: Chysirichote Teerin , Mapisansup Waraporn , Aroonsong Soysrung 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEffects of the compositions of lignocellulosic substrate including hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin, and protein on the glucosamine content in biomass of Trichoderma reesei TISTR3080 were studied. A synthetic solid surface media containing different ratios of xylan (hemicellulose), carboxymethyl cellulose (cellulose), lignin, and various concentrations of yeast extract (source of protein) were used to cultivated T. reesei. Regression analysis identified significant individual and interaction factors that affected glucosamine quantity in T. reesei biomass. A regression model was developed to estimate the glucosamine content in biomass of T. reesei from the compositions of the lignocellulosic substrate. An acceptable error (not more than 10%) of the regression model was obtained from validation with the experimental results of glucosamine content in biomass of T. reesei cultivated on lignocellulosic solid surface media made from copra waste and banana peel.
Tomatoes expressing thaumatin II retain their sweet taste after salting and pickling processing
Authors: Firsov Aleksey , Shaloiko Lyubov , Kozlov Oleg , Vainstein Alexander , Dolgov Sergey 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThaumatin II, a supersweet protein from the African plant katemfe (Thaumatococcus daniellii Benth.), shows promise as a zero‐calorie sweetener for use in the food and pharmaceutical industries and for improving the taste of fruit.RESULTSWe report on the stability of thaumatin in salted and pickled tomatoes, as well as on the effect of thaumatin on the taste quality of processed tomatoes. Fruit of tomato cv. Yalf, transformed with the thaumatin II gene were salted and pickled and then stored for 6 months. Western blot analysis showed relative thaumatin II stability at salting; its content in processed fruits was 62–83% of the initial level depending in the studied line. In pickled tomatoes, thaumatin II content was decreased by up to 25% of the initial amount. Both salted and pickled tomatoes had a sweet taste with a typical thaumatin aftertaste. Salted tomatoes were characterized as being sweeter than pickled tomatoes. The overall taste of pickled tomatoes was rated by panellists as significantly better compared to that of salted or non‐processed ones.CONCLUSIONIn the present study, we have shown that tomatoes expressing supersweet protein thaumatin II can be used for processing under mild conditions, including salting and pickling. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Mortality Patterns of Asian Elephants in a Region of Human–Elephant Conflict
Authors: LaDue Chase A. , Eranda Imira , Jayasinghe Chandana , Vandercone Rajnish P. G. 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTMany wildlife species suffer from human–wildlife conflict, especially crop‐raiding. Long‐term analyses of mortality patterns are needed to assess the efficacy of management strategies that address this issue. We report mortality patterns from necropsies of 498 Asian elephants from 2009–2018 in an area of northwestern Sri Lanka. Deaths were lowest in July and highest in October, a period of peak crop availability. Most (about 70%) deaths were human‐related, and males were killed in these incidents more frequently than females. As gunshot deaths decreased, other forms of human‐related deaths increased. Additionally, causes of death differed between districts, with more intentional human‐related mortality observed in the district with the highest percent of protected land. These results highlight the importance of understanding the long‐term spatial and temporal variation in wildlife mortality to effectively address human–wildlife conflict. © 2021 The Wildlife Society.
Construction of Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimer/Carbon Dot Nanohybrids for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Guo Yunqi , Shen Mingwu , Shi Xiangyang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDesign of intelligent hybrid nanoparticles that can integrate diagnosis and therapy components plays an important role in the field of nanomedicine. Poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers possessing a unique architecture and tunable functional groups have been widely developed for various biomedical applications. Carbon dots (CDs) are considered as a promising fluorescence probe or drug delivery system due to their stable fluorescence property and excellent biocompatibility. The distinctive merits of PAMAM dendrimers and CDs are amenable for them to be constructed as perfect nanohybrids for different biomedical applications, in particular for cancer nanomedicine. Here, the recent advances in the construction of PAMAM dendrimer/CD nanohybrids for diverse biomedical applications, in particular for sensing and cancer theranostics are summarized. Finally, the future perspectives of the PAMAM dendrimer/CD nanohybrids are also briefly discussed.
Corrosion of nonprecious metal alloys in dentistry in the presence of common saliva additives
Authors: Roscher Jessica , Holze Rudolf 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCorrosion stability of metallic materials used in dentistry is a major concern; identification of materials combining high stability and good performance is needed. The corrosion resistance of representative nonprecious metal alloys frequently used in dentistry in contact with artificial saliva solution with various added substances encountered in foodstuffs and in materials used in dentistry, possibly influencing the corrosion has been studied in vitro with electrochemical impedance measurements. Values of obtained corrosion resistances are interpreted in terms of conceivable effects of the additives on the rate of corrosion; they are also compared with previous results obtained with these alloys and additives using breakthrough electrode potentials obtained from slow scan cyclic voltammetry reported before.
Stereocomplex Crystallization Induced Significant Improvement in Transparency and Stiffness–Toughness Performance of Core‐Shell Rubber Nanoparticles Toughened Poly(l‐lactide) Blends
Authors: Liu Huili , Bai Dongyu , Du Songlin , Li Xia , Bai Hongwei , Fu Qiang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractToughening modification of poly(l‐lactide) (PLLA) with rubber particles is often realized at the cost of transparency, mechanical strength, and modulus because high rubber loadings are generally required for toughening. In this work, a promising strategy to simultaneously improve the transparency and stiffness–toughness performance of poly(butyl acrylate)‐poly(methyl methacrylate) (BAMMA) core‐shell rubber nanoparticles toughened PLLA blends by utilizing the stereocomplex (SC) crystallization between PLLA and poly(d‐lactide) (PDLA) is devised. The results reveal that the construction of SC crystallites in PLLA matrix via melt‐mixing PLLA/BAMMA blends with PDLA can prevent BAMMA nanoparticles from aggregation and promote them to form network‐like structure at lower contents. As a result, not only higher toughening efficiency with less rubber contents but also superior transparency is achieved in the PLLA/PDLA/BAMMA blends as compared with the PLLA/BAMMA ones where large aggregated BAMMA clusters are formed. Moreover, the outstanding reinforcement of SC crystallites network for PLLA can impart an enhanced tensile strength and modulus to PLLA/PDLA/BAMMA blends, thus improving the stiffness–toughness performance of PLLA/PDLA/BAMMA blends to a higher degree. This work demonstrates that SC crystallization is a promising solution to solve the contradiction between transparency and mechanical properties and then obtain superior comprehensive performances in rubber toughened PLLA blends.
Changes in Body Composition Before and After Parkinson's Disease Diagnosis
Authors: Song Shengfang , Luo Zhehui , Li Chenxi , Huang Xuemei , Shiroma Eric J. , Simonsick Eleanor M. , Chen Honglei 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundWeight loss is common in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, little is known about when it starts, how PD changes as it progresses, and whether there is a differential loss of lean or fat mass. The objective of this study was to examine how body composition changes before and after PD diagnosis.MethodsIn the Health, Aging, and Body Composition study (n = 3075; age range, 70–79 years), body composition was assessed using dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry on an annual or biennial basis from year 1 to year 10. For each PD case each year, we calculated the difference between their actual body composition measures and expected values had they not developed PD. Using linear mixed models with crossed random effects, we further examined the trend of change in body composition measures before and after PD diagnosis.ResultsA total of 80 PD cases were identified in this cohort. Compared with their expected values, PD cases began to lose total and fat mass about 6–7 years before diagnosis, although the differences were not statistically significant until 3–5 years after diagnosis. The loss was substantial and persistent, with statistically significant trends of loss for total body mass (P = 0.008), fat mass (P = 0.001), and percentage fat (P < 0.001). In comparison, lean mass was stable throughout the follow‐up (P = 0.16). Overall, 96% of the body mass loss in PD cases was from the loss of fat mass.ConclusionsIn this longitudinal analysis with objective measures of body composition, we found persistent weight loss in PD cases, predominantly in fat mass, starting a few years before diagnosis. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Study on a broadband new structure dipole‐shaped circularly polarized antenna
Authors: Shu Wen‐juan , Li Jian‐ying , Hao Si‐si 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA broadband, circularly polarized (CP), new structure, dipole‐shaped antenna is proposed in this article. The antenna is composed of dipole‐shaped patch, FR4 substrate, ground and feeding coaxial cable. A double‐printed semicircular ring is utilized to feed the radiator. An optimized antenna with an oversize of 0.42λ0 × 0.42λ0 × 0.136λ0 0.75 × 0.75λ0 × 0.15λ0 (at 1.32 GHz) is designed and measured. The measured results show that the proposed antenna yields an impedance bandwidth (IBW) of 36.8%(1.24–1.8 GHz), a 3‐dB axial‐ratio (AR) bandwidth of 24%(1.32–1.68 GHz), and an average gain of 9.1 dBic in the operating frequency band.
Spatial dependency and the role of local susceptibility for velocity selective arterial spin labeling (VS‐ASL) relative tagging efficiency using accelerated 3D radial sampling with a BIR‐8 preparation
Authors: Holmes James H. , Jen Mu‐Lan , Eisenmenger Laura B. , Schubert Tilman , Turski Patrick A. , Johnson Kevin M. 
Published: February 2021

PurposeVelocity selective arterial spin labeling (VS‐ASL) is a promising approach for non‐contrast perfusion imaging that provides robustness to vascular geometry and transit times; however, VS‐ASL assumes spatially uniform tagging efficiency. This work presents a mapping approach to investigate VS‐ASL relative tagging efficiency including the impact of local susceptibility effects on a BIR‐8 preparation.MethodsNumerical simulations of tagging efficiency were performed to evaluate sensitivity to regionally varying local susceptibility gradients and blood velocity. Tagging efficiency mapping was performed in susceptibility phantoms and healthy human subjects (N = 7) using a VS‐ASL preparation module followed by a short, high spatial resolution 3D radial‐based image acquisition. Tagging efficiency maps were compared to 4D‐flow, B1, and B0 maps acquired in the same imaging session for six of the seven subjects.ResultsNumerical simulations were found to predict reduced tagging efficiency with the combination of high blood velocity and local gradient fields. Phantom experiments corroborated numerical results. Relative efficiency mapping in normal volunteers showed unique efficiency patterns depending on individual subject anatomy and physiology. Uniform tagging efficiency was generally observed in vivo, but reduced efficiency was noted in regions of high blood velocity and local susceptibility gradients.ConclusionWe demonstrate an approach to map the relative tagging efficiency and show application of this methodology to a novel BIR‐8 preparation recently proposed in the literature. We present results showing rapid flow in the presence of local susceptibility gradients can lead to complicated signal modulations in both tag and control images and reduced tagging efficiency.
Investigation on the mechanical properties of additively manufactured PETG composites reinforced with OMMT nanoclay and carbon fibers
Authors: Mahesh Vinyas , Joseph Athul S. , Mahesh Vishwas , Harursampath Dineshkumar , VN Chethan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPolymers and their composites have undergone massive development over the years through intensive research studies. The plethora of opportunities offered by these materials is greatly complimented by the advent of additive manufacturing. The present work analyses the mechanical properties of glycol‐modified polyethylene glycol (PETG) reinforced with organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) nanoclay and short carbon fibers (SCF). This work is the first of its kind to offer a complete overview of the mechanical properties of the composites prepared by these materials through 3D printing without the application of any post‐processing techniques. These materials are initially compounded and followed by extrusion using a single‐screw extruder to obtain fine filaments of 1.75 mm diameter. The specimens of PETG composite filaments were 3D printed as per the ASTM standards, using fused deposition modeling technique without any post‐processing. The fabricated PETG/OMMT/SCF specimens are tested to study its tensile, compression, flexural, impact, and hardness properties. The fractured specimens from the tensile tests are analyzed using a scanning electron microscope. It is seen that the addition of OMMT nanoclay improves the properties of the composites by a significant extent for most of the tests. However, the addition of SCF has a negligible effect on the properties of the composites due to the presence of interstitial voids and poor matrix‐fiber bonding. This calls for additional process parameter variations and post‐processing techniques like pre‐stressing, annealing, and others. These composites can be used in a wide variety of applications ranging from secondary structures in aerospace, automotive applications to minor orthotic and prosthetic applications.
Self‐reported medication intake vs information from other data sources such as pharmacy records or medical records: Identification and description of existing publications, and comparison of agreement results for publications focusing on patients with cancer ‐ a systematic review
Authors: Brüne Manuela , Emmel Carina , Meilands Gisela , Andrich Silke , Droste Sigrid , Claessen Heiner , Jülich Fabian , Icks Andrea 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPurposeTo identify and describe publications addressing the agreement between self‐reported medication and other data sources among adults and, in a subgroup of studies dealing with cancer patients, seek to identify parameters which are associated with agreement.MethodsA systematic review including a systematic search within five biomedical databases up to February 28, 2019 was conducted as per the PRISMA Statement. Studies and agreement results were described. For a subgroup of studies dealing with cancer, we searched for associations between agreement and patients' characteristics, study design, comparison data source, and self‐report modality.ResultsThe literature search retrieved 3392 publications. Included articles (n = 120) show heterogeneous agreement. Eighteen publications focused on cancer populations, with relatively good agreement identified in those which analyzed hormone therapy, estrogen, and chemotherapy (n = 11). Agreement was especially good for chemotherapy (proportion correct ≥93.6%, kappa ≥0.88). No distinct associations between agreement and age, education or marital status were identified in the results. There was little evaluation of associations between agreement and study design, self‐report modality and comparison data source, thus not allowing for any conclusions to be drawn.ConclusionAn overview of the evidence available from validation studies with a description of several characteristics is provided. Studies with experimental design which evaluate factors that might affect agreement between self‐report and other data sources are lacking.
The First Coupling of a Laser Beam to a Water Jet
Authors: Shankar Nitin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAssigned to a project for designing a laser‐based dental hand tool, Bernold Richerzhagen visualized combining a water jet and a laser for tooth ablation. His dental tool envisioned a laser within a low‐pressure hair‐thin water jet that guided the beam by means of total internal reflection in a manner like an optical fiber. Eventually, this fusion of light and water resulted in a new technology capable of machining hard materials with high precision. Starting with a dental tool developed in a Swiss laboratory in 1993, this invention has fostered high‐precision laser machining in the aviation, diamond and semiconductor industries amongst others.