bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prognostic values of serum markers in hepatocellular carcinoma after invasive therapies based on real‐world data
Authors: Li Bo , Liu Aixia , Wen Yi , Yang Guang , Zhao Jing , Li Xiaohan , Mao Yuanli , Li Boan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground and aimsHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancy with poor prognosis, and the mortality rate remains high. More than 70% of HCC patients have recurrence within 5 years after treatment. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prognostic values of serum markers with retrospective data.MethodsWe applied real‐world data (RWD) to analyze the prognostic values of six serum markers for HCC patients after treatment, including α‐fetoprotein (AFP), α‐fetoprotein‐L3 (AFP‐L3), Golgi protein73 (GP73), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), albumin (ALB), and total bilirubin (TBil). A total of 268 cases were enrolled to analyze recurrence‐free survival (RFS), and 104 cases were used to analyze overall survival (OS).ResultsOur results demonstrated that patients with higher AFP and AFP‐L3 had shorter RFS (p = 0.016 and 0.004), while higher GP73, ALT, and TBil experienced longer RFS (p = 0.000, 0.020, and 0.019). Patients with high‐level GP73, ALT, TBil, and low‐level ALB had significantly higher mortality rate (p=0.035, 0.008, 0.010, and 0.005). Multivariate analysis revealed that GP73 (HR = 1.548, p = 0.001) and ALT (HR = 1.316, p = 0.046) were identified as independent prognostic factors for RFS, ALB (HR = 0.127, p = 0.007), and ALT (HR = 0.237, p = 0.01) were identified as independent prognostic factors for OS. Subgroups analysis showed that GP73 had better prognostic values than other serum markers in early‐stage HCC (p = 0.023).ConclusionsOur study demonstrates that AFP, AFP‐L3, and GP73 can be used as prognostic indicators for predicting the recurrence of HCC, while liver function tests have better survival prediction values. GP73 can act as a promising prognostic marker for early‐stage HCC.
A latent profile analysis of psychological sense of community and ethnic identity among racial–ethnic minority young adults from the southwestern United States
Authors: Lardier David T. , Opara Ijeoma , Roach Emily 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAmong young adults fof color, both sense of community and ethnic identity, as developmental processes, have been associated with wellness, empowerment, and civic action. Additional research is needed that provides empirical support for the connection between psychological sense of community and ethnic identity on outcomes that relate to human development such as intrapersonal psychological empowerment, civic engagement, and depression symptoms. The current study of young adults of color (N = 243; 70% Hispanic/Chicano(a)/Spanish and 10% American Indian/Native American; 70% female) investigates heterogeneity according to dimensions of psychological sense of community and the ethnic identity construct. Latent profile analyses (LPA) were conducted. Using LPA, five profile groups emerged. Profile group differences were present on reported levels of intrapersonal psychological empowerment, civic engagement, and depression symptoms. Majority of sample participants were classified with moderate to high psychological sense of community and ethnic identity. Findings provide insights for efforts on developing community belongingness based on ethnic group identity and engaging young adults in civic life.
LncRNA NEAT1 induces autophagy through epigenetic regulation of autophagy‐related gene expression in neuroglial cells
Authors: Wang Ziqiang , Zhang Shikuan , Li Kun 
Published: August 2021

AbstractEndocytosis and autophagy are two important pathways for amyloid‐β (Aβ) clearance in neuroglial cells. Our previous study demonstrated that nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) long noncoding RNA modulates Aβ clearance mediated by neuroglial cells via the epigenetic regulation of endocytosis‐related genes. Herein, we demonstrate that NEAT1 functions as an autophagy inducer by modulating the expression of multiple autophagy‐related genes, including autophagy‐related 5 (atg5), autophagy‐related 3 (atg3), and beclin1. NEAT1 can promote transcription of these genes by altering histone modification near these transcriptional start sites of the genes and thereby influencing the recruitment of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 to these gene promoters. Our findings demonstrate a new cellular function of NEAT1 in neuroglial cells and suggest a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of autophagy‐related diseases.
Pharmacokinetics of Ipatasertib in Subjects With Hepatic Impairment Using 2 Methods of Classification of Hepatic Function
Authors: Sane Rucha , Malhi Vikram , Sutaria Dhruvitkumar S , Cho Eunpi , Twomey Patrick , Craggs Christopher , Wang Jianshuang , Harris Adam , Musib Luna 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIpatasertib is a highly selective small‐molecule pan‐Akt inhibitor in clinical development. Ipatasertib is predominantly eliminated by the liver, and therefore, the effect of hepatic impairment on ipatasertib pharmacokinetics (PK) was evaluated. In this phase 1 open‐label, parallel group study, the PK of ipatasertib were evaluated in subjects with hepatic impairment based on both the Child‐Pugh and the National Cancer Institute Organ Dysfunction Working Group classification for hepatic impairment. A single dose of ipatasertib at 100 mg was administered and the PK was characterized in healthy subjects with normal hepatic function or mild, moderate, and severe hepatic impairment. Based on Child‐Pugh classification, subjects with moderate and severe hepatic impairment had an ≈2‐ and 3‐fold increase in systemic exposure (area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time 0 to infinity [AUC0‐∞]) to ipatasertib, respectively, compared to subjects with normal hepatic function. Systemic exposure (AUC0‐∞) to ipatasertib in subjects with mild hepatic impairment was comparable to that in subjects with normal hepatic function. In accordance with reduced clearance capacity, subjects with mild to severe hepatic impairment showed lower systemic exposure (AUC0‐∞) of ipatasertib metabolite M1 (G‐037720). Overall results were comparable between Child‐Pugh and National Cancer Institute Organ Dysfunction Working Group classification criteria. Based on the results from this study, no dosage adjustment is required for ipatasertib when treating patients with mild hepatic impairment, whereas a dose reduction would be recommended for subjects with moderate or severe hepatic impairment. Based on real‐world data analysis, ≈2% of the intended patient population is expected to need a modified dose due to moderate or severe hepatic impairment.
Split‐dose 1 L polyethylene glycol (PEG) with ascorbate is non‐inferior to split‐dose PEG with sodium picosulfate and magnesium citrate with similar tolerability: a randomized study
Authors: Nalankilli Kumanan , Gibson David J , Anwar Shahzaib , Con Danny , Chen Helen , Secomb Robyn , Gibson Peter , Brown Gregor 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTBackground and AimPost‐marketing studies comparing low‐volume polyethylene glycol (PEG)‐based regimens are limited. This randomized study aimed to compare the efficacy and tolerability of a novel 1‐L low‐volume PEG‐based preparation: 1 L PEG+Asc (PEG3350, sodium ascorbate, sodium sulfate, ascorbic acid, sodium chloride, and potassium chloride) with PEG+SPMC (PEG3350, sodium chloride, potassium chloride and sodium sulfate, sodium picosulfate, magnesium oxide, citric acid, and aspartame), prior to routine colonoscopy at an Australian tertiary referral center.MethodsOutpatients undergoing colonoscopy were randomized to receive either split‐dose 1 L PEG+Asc or split‐dose PEG+SPMC. Bowel preparation quality using the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BPPS), modified Aronchick scores, procedure time, cecal intubation, and adenoma detection rates were recorded. Patient compliance and tolerability were captured using a standardized questionnaire.ResultsA total of 173 patients were randomized, of whom 164 completed the study and were allocated to 1 L PEG+Asc (n = 82) or PEG+SPMC (n = 82). Non‐inferiority of 1 L PEG+Asc was demonstrated with 89% achieving successful preparation (total BPPS ≥6 and each sub‐score ≥2) compared with 85.4% in the PEG+SPMC group, resulting in an estimated difference of 3.7% (95% CI −6.6% to 13.9%). The median BBPS was non‐inferior in all colonic segments with 1 L PEG+Asc (BBPS 3 [interquartile range 2–3]) vs PEG+SPMC (BBPS 2 [interquartile range 2–3]). More 1 L PEG+Asc patients reported moderate to severe nausea (P = 0.028), but overall tolerability was similar.ConclusionsThe quality of bowel preparation achieved with 1 L PEG+Asc is non‐inferior to that with PEG+SPMC, with similar tolerability outcomes. Further studies are required in patients at risk of suboptimal bowel preparation.
Evaluation of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission, Integrated Multi‐satellite Retrievals for GPM, Climate Hazards Centre InfraRed Precipitation with Station data, and European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts Reanalysis v5 data in estimating precipitation and capturing meteorological droughts over Iran
Authors: Keikhosravi‐Kiany Mohammad Sadegh , Masoodian Seyed Abolfazl , Balling Robert C. , Darand Mohammad 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSatellite remote‐sensing products with high spatial and temporal resolution are viable sources of precipitation information, especially for data‐sparse and remote regions. The aim of this study is to examine the performance of four precipitation products including Integrated Multi‐satellite Retrievals for GPM (GPM IMERG), Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM 3B43), Climate Hazards Centre InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS), and European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts Reanalysis v5 (ERA5) in estimating precipitation and capturing meteorological droughts over Iran for the time span from 2001 to 2019. For this aim, a ground‐based gridded precipitation dataset was constructed over the country using a dense network of quality‐controlled rain gauges as a reference dataset. Different statistical metrics including the correlation coefficient (CC), the bias, the relative bias, and the root mean square error (RMSE) were applied to evaluate the performance of the products. The results suggest that GPM IMERG and TRMM 3B43 outperform CHIRPS and ERA5 in capturing the spatial distribution of precipitation and meteorological drought events across the country. The estimates of precipitation from the four products are seasonally influenced, with the least accurate precipitation estimates during summer season over the southern shores of the Caspian Sea. The GPM IMERG and TRMM 3B43, with higher CC and lower RMSE, show better performance in detecting drought events at both short and long time scales while the CHIRPS demonstrates the least accuracy. Spatially, all of the products show the best performance in identifying drought events over western and southwestern regions.
Raman spectroscopic and elemental analysis of bone from a prehistoric ancestor: Mrs Ples from the Sterkfontein cave
Authors: Edwards Howell G. M. , Carter Elizabeth A. , Kelloway Sarah J. , Privat Karen L. , Harrison Thérèse M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe complementary value of analytical elemental and molecular data for archaeological relics recovered from a burial deposition is illustrated here with the non‐destructive analysis of bone specimens from an early human ancestor, known as Mrs Ples. Discovered in 1947 by Robert Broom in the Sterkfontein Cave system, forming part of the Cradle of Humankind in Gauteng Province, South Africa, a skull from Australopithecus africanus dated to 2.1 Mya has been identified as a Hominidae precursor to Homo sapiens. The ability to record novel compositional and structural data from such specimens without any form of chemical or mechanical pretreatment is fundamentally necessary for the preservation of such unique relics while affording conservators the information needed to undertake restoration and the adoption of conservation strategies. Our analyses revealed information about the state of preservation of the samples as well as their depositional context. Raman microspectroscopic mapping produced data on the spatial distribution of phosphate, quartz, carbon, calcite and manganese dioxide signatures on the bone fragments. Extensive deposits of pyrolusite, manganese(II) oxide, on the bone specimens are attributed to hydrogeological processes from ground water irrigation of the skeletal remains in the depositional environment; the identification of distinct quartz‐ and calcite‐rich areas may arise from taphonomic and/or depositional processes. Raman spectroscopic signatures of the organic proteinaceous component of the prehistoric bone are not observed, indicating the degradation of endogenous organics or, if present, were masked by exogeneous materials. The identification of carbon could additionally reflect the remains of biodegradative processes that have operated in the burial site. Elemental mapping using X‐ray fluorescence and variable pressure scanning electron microscopy imaging and spatially resolved energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy provided complementary information about the samples. The result is a comprehensive characterisation of the samples' morphology, elemental and molecular composition from the micro scale to the macroscale, using entirely non‐destructive analytical techniques.
Effect of slicing and storage temperatures on biochemical aspects of membrane integrity in two different genotypes of tomato
Authors: Natalini Alessandro , Martinez‐Diaz Vanesa , Ferrante Antonio , Pardossi Alberto 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDFresh‐cut vegetables are subjected to multiple stressing agents including: (i) slicing, which induces cellular decompartmentalization; (ii) low refrigeration temperatures, responsible for chilling injury in the most sensitive products (e.g. tomatoes), and (iii) storage time because tissue senescence and aging can occur and reduce the shelf‐life. In tomato slices, one of the most important issues is the membrane, which is responsible for several disorders related to the alteration of physiological processes, including ethylene biosynthesis.RESULTSElectrolyte leakage and the content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in sliced tomatoes increased over time at two storage temperatures (4 °C and 15 °C) compared with intact fruit for the commercial variety (cultivar) Jama used as reference. However, in the tomato Italian landrace Canestrino, electrolyte leakage in sliced fruits increased after 120 h of storage compared to intact tomatoes, while the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance content increased rapidly over time at both storage temperatures. In the packages, higher ethylene content and carbon dioxide concentrations were detected in sliced tomatoes compared with intact fruits for both genotypes. In the most sensitive genotype for slicing (Jama), phospholipase C activity increased in tomato slices after 24 h of storage, but phospholipase D reached a higher value only at 168 h after processing at 4 °C of storage.CONCLUSIONSThe results evidence that the main damage in slices of full ripe tomatoes is more related to cutting, rather than chilling injury due to storage temperatures, with differences related to the genotype. Slicing enhanced membrane catabolism, ethylene production, and enzyme activity of phospholipases with a significant genotype effect. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Negative pressure irrigation on water use efficiency, yield and quality of Brassica chinensis L.
Authors: Yang Pingguo , Drohan Patrick J , Long HuaiYu , Bian Yun , Bryant Ray B 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDWater is critical to the production of crops, especially when faced with seasonal drought or freshwater scarcity. We compared the effect of negative pressure irrigation (NPI) on water use efficiency (WUE), nutrient uptake, yield and quality of Brassica chinensis L. using a greenhouse plot experiment. Three different water supply pressures (−5, −10 and −15 kPa), and a conventional irrigation (CK) treatment, were arranged in a randomized design with three replications.RESULTSOur results suggest that plant height, leaf area, number of leaves and ratio of root to shoot were significantly correlated with water supply pressure. Specifically, our results show that B. chinensis L. yield was increased 50% with NPI versus CK. Water supply pressure had a significant effect on N and P nutrient uptake and no significant effect on K. The average concentration of vitamin C was greatest with −5 kPa treatment and consecutively declined. According to our results, NPI can save up to 36.8% of water used and improve WUE by 61.3% during growth of B. chinensis L. Our results suggest that the optimum irrigation management strategy is −5 kPa treatment.CONCLUSIONNPI versus CK can provide more stable irrigation water and retain soil moisture during plant growth, resulting in an increased WUE and yield with suitable water supply pressure. While our results suggest that NPI can enhance B. chinensis L. yield and perhaps also quality, future research should explore the mechanism of NPI in relation to yield and water use efficiency. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Preparation, investigation and storage application of thymol–chitooligosaccharide complex with enhanced antioxidant and antibacterial properties
Authors: Cao Ruge , Liu Xinru , Zhai Xuqing , Wang Lili , Zhou Zhongkai 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThymol (Thy) is a natural bioactive agent which possesses various properties and has been widely used in medicine and food industries. However, its poor bioavailability can limit its application.RESULTSIn this study, Thy was interacted with chitooligosaccharide (COS) as Thy–COS complex via an ionic crosslinking method using sodium tripolyphosphate as a crosslinker. The characteristics and thermal stability of Thy–COS were evaluated by ultraviolet‐visible (UV‐vis), Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR) and thermogravimetric analysis, and its antioxidant and antibacterial properties were also evaluated. The highest loading capacity of Thy (52.3%) in Thy–COS formed at mass ratio of 1:5. Results indicated the Thy–COS complex was formed mainly by hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds. Upon complexation, the thermal stability, antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Thy were significantly improved. Thy–COS complex was made into a coated film for Nanguo pears and greatly improved its storage quality. Thy–COS delayed the weight loss and softening of Nanguo pears and kept more vitamin‐C content (2.12 mg (100 g)−1).CONCLUSIONIn conclusion, Thy–COS was successfully prepared and improved antioxidant and antibacterial properties of Thy, which has great potential in the food industry. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Novel Composite Endpoint for Assessing Outcomes in Liver Transplantation: Arterial and Biliary Complication–Free Survival
Authors: Savier Eric , De Rycke Yann , Lim Chetana , Goumard Claire , Rousseau Geraldine , Perdigao Fabiano , Rufat Pierre , Salloum Chady , Llado Laura , Ramos Emilio , Lopez‐Dominguez Josefina , Cachero Alba , Fabregat Joan , Azoulay Daniel , Scatton Olivier 
Published: August 2021

Transplant and patient survival are the validated endpoints to assess the success of liver transplantation (LT). This study evaluates arterial and biliary complication–free survival (ABCFS) as a new metric. ABC, considered as an event, was an arterial or biliary complication of Dindo‐Clavien grade ≥III complication dated at the interventional, endoscopic, or surgical treatment required to correct it. ABCFS was defined as the time from the date of LT to the dates of first ABC, death, relisting, or last follow‐up (transplant survival is time from LT to repeat LT or death). Following primary whole LT (n = 532), 106 ABCs occurred and 99 (93%) occurred during the first year after LT. An ABC occurring during the first year after LT (overall rate 19%) was an independent factor associated with transplant survival (hazard ratio [HR], 3.17; P < 0.001) and patient survival (HR, 2.7; P = 0.002) in univariate and multivariate analyses. This result was confirmed after extension of the cohort to split‐liver graft, donation after circulatory death, or re‐LT (n = 658). Data from 2 external cohorts of primary whole LTs (n = 249 and 229, respectively) confirmed that the first‐year ABC was an independent prognostic factor for transplant survival but not for patient survival. ABCFS was correlated with transplant and patient survival (ρ = 0.85 [95% CI, 0.78‐0.90] and 0.81 [95% CI, 0.71‐0.88], respectively). Preoperative factors known to influence 5‐year transplant survival influenced ABCFS after 1 year of follow‐up. The 1‐year ABCFS was indicative of 5‐year transplant survival. ABCFS is a reproducible metric to evaluate the results of LT after 1 year of follow‐up and could serve as a new endpoint in clinical trials.
Prediction of cutting force based on machining parameters on AL7075‐T6 aluminum alloy by response surface methodology in end milling
Authors: Sethupathy A. , Shanmugasundaram N. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCutting forces modeling is the basic to understand the cutting process, which should be kept in minimum to reduce tool deflection, vibration, tool wear and optimize the process parameters in order to obtain a high quality product within minimum machining time. In this paper a statistical model has been developed to predict cutting force in terms of geometrical parameters such as rake angle, nose radius of cutting tool and machining parameters such as cutting speed, cutting feed and axial depth of cut. Response surface methodology experimental design was employed for conducting experiments. The work piece material is Aluminum (Al 7075‐T6) and the tool used is high speed steel end mill cutter with different tool geometry. The cutting forces are measured using three axis milling tool dynamometer. The second order mathematical model in terms of machining parameters is developed for predicting cutting forces. The adequacy of the model is checked by employing ANOVA. The direct effect of the process parameter with cutting forces are analyzed, which helps to select process parameter in order to keep cutting forces minimum, which ensures the stability of end milling process. The study observed that feed rate has the highest statistical and physical influence on cutting force.
Nitrite as a causal factor for nitrate‐dependent anaerobic corrosion of metallic iron induced by Prolixibacter strains
Authors: Iino Takao , Shono Nobuaki , Ito Kimio , Nakamura Ryuhei , Sueoka Kazuo , Harayama Shigeaki , Ohkuma Moriya 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMicrobially influenced corrosion (MIC) may contribute significantly to overall corrosion risks, especially in the gas and petroleum industries. In this study, we isolated four Prolixibacter strains, which belong to the phylum Bacteroidetes, and examined their nitrate respiration‐ and Fe0‐corroding activities, together with two previously isolated Prolixibacter strains. Four of the six Prolixibacter strains reduced nitrate under anaerobic conditions, while the other two strains did not. The anaerobic growth of the four nitrate‐reducing strains was enhanced by nitrate, which was not observed in the two strains unable to reduce nitrate. When the nitrate‐reducing strains were grown anaerobically in the presence of Fe0 or carbon steel, the corrosion of the materials was enhanced by more than 20‐fold compared to that in aseptic controls. This enhancement was not observed in cultures of the strains unable to reduce nitrate. The oxidation of Fe0 in the anaerobic cultures of nitrate‐reducing strains occurred concomitantly with the formation of nitrite. Since nitrite chemically oxidized Fe0 under anaerobic and aseptic conditions, the corrosion of Fe0‐ and carbon steel by the nitrate‐reducing Prolixibacter strains was deduced to be mainly enhanced via the biological reduction of nitrate to nitrite, followed by the chemical oxidation of Fe0 to Fe2+ and Fe3+ coupled to the reduction of nitrite.