bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender differences in major vascular complications of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation
Authors: Plášek Jiří , Wichterle Dan , Peichl Petr , Čihák Robert , Jarkovský Patrik , Roubíček Tomáš , Stojadinović Predrag , Hašková Jana , Kautzner Josef 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimsCatheter ablation (CA) for atrial fibrillation (AF) has a considerable risk of procedural complications. Major vascular complications (MVCs) appear to be the most frequent. This study investigated gender differences in MVCs in patients undergoing CA for AF in a high‐volume tertiary center.MethodsA total of 4734 CAs for AF (65% paroxysmal, 26% repeated procedures) were performed at our center between January 2006 and August 2018. Patients (71% males) aged 60 ± 10 years and had a body mass index of 29 ± 4 kg/m2 at the time of the procedure. Radiofrequency point‐by‐point ablation was employed in 96.3% of procedures with the use of three‐dimensional navigation systems and facilitated by intracardiac echocardiography. Pulmonary vein isolation was mandatory; cavotricuspid isthmus and left atrial substrate ablation were performed in 22% and 38% procedures, respectively. MVCs were defined as those that resulted in permanent injury, required intervention, or prolonged hospitalization. Their rates and risk factors were compared between genders.ResultsA total of 112 (2.4%) MVCs were detected: 54/1512 (3.5%) in females and 58/3222 (1.8%) in males (p < .0001). On multivariate analysis, lower body height was the only risk factor for MVCs in females (p = .0005). On the contrary, advanced age was associated with MVCs in males (p = .006).ConclusionFemales have a higher risk of MVCs following CA for AF compared to males. This difference is driven by lower body size in females. Low body height in females and advanced age in males are independent predictors of MVCs. Ultrasound‐guided venipuncture lowered the MVC rate in males.
Impact of anticoagulation strategy after left atrial appendage occlusion in patients requiring direct current cardioversion
Authors: Maarse Moniek , Wintgens Lisette I. S. , Ponomarenko Andrey , Phillips Karen P. , Romanov Aleksandr B. , Ballesteros Gabriel , Swaans Martin J. , Folkeringa Richard J. , Garcia‐Bolao Ignacio , Boersma Lucas V. A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntroductionCurrent guidelines recommend adequate anticoagulation for at least 3 weeks pre‐ and 4 weeks post‐direct current cardioversion (DCCV) to reduce thrombo‐embolic risk in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) lasting greater than 48 h. No specific recommendations exist for DCCV in patients that have undergone left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO), many of whom are ineligible for anticoagulation. This study aims to observe the efficacy and safety of DCCV post‐LAAO in everyday clinical practice.MethodsThis prospective multicenter registry included DCCVs in patients post‐LAAO. Imaging strategy or anticoagulation treatment around DCCV were analyzed. Complications during 30‐day follow‐up were registered. DCCVs performed in accordance with current guidelines for the general AF population were compared to DCCVs performed deviating from these guidelines.ResultsIn 93 patients (age 65 ± 17 years, CHA2DS2‐VASC 3.0 ± 1.3) 284 DCCVs were performed between 2010 and 2018, in 271 sinus rhythm was restored. A wide variety of imaging or anticoagulation strategies around DCCV was observed; in 128 episodes strategies deviated from current guidelines. No thrombo‐embolic events were observed after any DCCV during 30‐day follow‐up. In 34 DCCVs trans‐esophageal echocardiography (TOE) was performed before DCCV to exclude cardiac thrombi and/or (re‐)verify adequate device positioning. In two patients without post‐LAAO imaging before DCCV, a device rotation or embolization was observed during scheduled TOE after LAAO.ConclusionDCCV in AF patients after LAAO is highly effective. No thrombo‐embolic events were observed in any patient in this observational cohort, regardless of the periprocedural anticoagulation or imaging strategy. Confirmation of adequate device positioning at least once before DCCV seems recommendable.
Forging Unity: European Commission Leadership in the Brexit Negotiations
Authors: Schuette Leonard August 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis article explains why the European Union has remained strikingly cohesive during the Brexit withdrawal negotiations by focussing on the role played by its negotiator: the European Commission'’s Task Force 50. The analysis demonstrates that the Task Force 50 set out to forge unity among the EU27 by exercising both subtle instrumental and direct political leadership. The Commission significantly influenced the outcome of the negotiations by shaping the agenda and process, brokering deals, and ultimately achieving a withdrawal agreement that all member states signed up to. Its transparent and consultative behaviour generated trust among member states, which allowed the Commission to play such a prominent role. These findings challenge the prevailing view that the EU has become increasingly intergovernmental at expense of the Commission. Drawing on original interviews, the article substantiates this argument by tracing the Commission's leadership activities in the run‐up to and throughout the withdrawal negotiations (2016–20).
Patient‐reported outcomes with risankizumab versus fumaric acid esters in systemic therapy‐naïve patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis: a phase 3 clinical trial
Authors: Thaçi D. , Soliman A.M. , Eyerich K. , Pinter A. , Sebastian M. , Unnebrink K. , Rubant S. , Williams D.A. , Weisenseel P. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn a phase 3 clinical study, patients from Germany with moderate to severe psoriasis who were naïve to systemic treatment and received risankizumab had greater and more rapid disease improvements compared with those who received fumaric acid esters (FAEs).ObjectiveTo evaluate patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) in patients treated with risankizumab compared with FAEs.MethodsAdult patients were randomized 1:1 to receive either risankizumab 150 mg subcutaneous injections at weeks 0, 4 and 16 or FAEs (Fumaderm®) provided according to the prescribing label. PRO secondary endpoints assessed were Psoriasis Symptom Scale (PSS), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), 36‐Item Short Form Health Survey, version 2 (SF‐36v2), Patient Benefit Index (PBI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Patient Global Assessment (PtGA) and European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions 5 Level (EQ‐5D‐5L). PROs were assessed at weeks 0, 16 and 24.ResultsSixty patients each were randomized to receive risankizumab or FAEs. A significant PSS improvement was observed with risankizumab vs. FAEs at weeks 16 and 24 for total and psoriasis‐associated redness, itching and burning scores (P < 0.001). DLQI scores were significantly lower (reflecting better health‐related quality of life) with risankizumab vs. FAEs, with least squares (LS) mean differences of −7.4 and −7.6 at weeks 16 and 24, respectively (both P < 0.001). Patients randomized to risankizumab also had larger improvements in SF‐36 Physical and Mental Component Summary scores, HADS anxiety and depression scores, PtGA, and EQ‐5D‐5L index and visual analogue scale scores (all P ≤ 0.002) at weeks 16 and 24 compared with FAEs. PBI was significantly higher, indicating greater benefit, with risankizumab vs. FAEs, with an LS mean difference of 1.1 and 1.3 at weeks 16 and 24, respectively (both P < 0.001).ConclusionsRisankizumab provides significant benefits over FAEs in improving PROs across several dimensions in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis.
Transcriptome analysis of immune response against Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus infection in mandarin fish Siniperca chuatsi
Authors: Huang Ying , Wang Ruixia , Gao Tianheng , Wu Ting , Zhang Qiya , Shi Yangbai , Ding Shuyan , Zhao Zhe 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAs one of the piscine rhabdoviruses, Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus (SCRV) has caused considerable losses to mandarin fish aquaculture industry. RNA‐seq, as efficient transcriptome research method, has been widely used to study the immune response of fish to pathogens. This study reported the effect of SCRV infection at 0, 24 and 60 hr on S. chuatsi at the transcriptome level. A total of 61,527 unigenes with high quality were obtained, and 3,095, 1,854 and 227 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were labelled between the Sc24 and Sc0 groups, the Sc60 and Sc0 groups and the Sc60 and Sc24 groups, respectively. Genes involved in innate and adaptive immunity were highlighted. In Gene Ontology analysis, the DEGs that participated in immune response, innate immune response and the regulation of apoptotic process were identified as enriched classes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway results indicated that most DEGs caused by SCRV infection were identified in the immune system (retinoic acid‐inducible gene‐I‐like receptor/Toll‐like receptor/nucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain‐like receptor/C‐type lectin receptor signalling pathway), cellular processes, cell growth and death (p53 signalling pathway, cellular senescence, apoptosis and phagosome), and metabolism. Quantitative real‐time PCR was used to further verify the expression levels of 15 immune‐related DEGs. The transcriptome database obtained in this study provided further in‐depth insight into the immune response of S. chuatsi against SCRV.
Artificial intelligence in upper GI endoscopy ‐ current status, challenges and future promise
Authors: Yu Honggang , Singh Rajvinder , Shin Seon Ho , Ho Khek Yu 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWhite‐light endoscopy with biopsy is the current gold standard modality for detecting and diagnosing upper gastrointestinal (GI) pathology. However, missed lesions remain a challenge. To overcome interobserver variability and learning curve issues, artificial intelligence (AI) has recently been introduced to assist endoscopists in the detection and diagnosis of upper GI neoplasia. In contrast to AI in colonoscopy, current AI studies for upper GI endoscopy are smaller pilot studies. Researchers currently lack large volume, well‐annotated, high‐quality datasets in gastric cancer, dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus and early esophageal squamous cell cancer. This review will look at the latest studies of AI in upper GI endoscopy, discuss some of the challenges facing researchers, and predict what the future may hold in this rapidly changing field.
Th–U powered metamorphism: Thermal consequences of a chemical hotspot
Authors: De Vries Van Leeuwen Alexander T. , Hand Martin , Morrissey Laura J. , Raimondo Tom 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe Arkaroola region of the northern Flinders Ranges, South Australia, records high geothermal gradient mineral assemblages that are not spatially or temporally associated with intrusive magmatism. Cordierite‐bearing schists from the base of a ~12 km thick Neoproterozoic sedimentary sequence known as the Adelaide Rift Complex directly overlie Mesoproterozoic metasedimentary and granitic rocks with regional heat production values of ~7.9 µW/m3 at 580 Ma, two to three times greater than global average values for granitic rocks. We integrate in‐situ U–Pb monazite geochronology, Y+HREE‐in‐monazite thermometry and mineral equilibria modelling to show that rocks at the base of the sedimentary succession record amphibolite facies metamorphism at c. 580 Ma while the overlying sediments were still accumulating. Metamorphism took place under average geothermal gradient conditions in excess of 180°C/kbar (>60°C/km) that propagated to depths of at least 12 km. These thermal gradients persisted for upwards of 150 Ma, maintained by a lack of crustal erosion, and are documented by long‐lived crustal anatexis. This system may be the archetypal example of Th–U powered metamorphism, recording the interplay between chemically extreme basement and thermally insulating sedimentary cover.
Aberration on excitation focal spot caused by oblique interface with refractive indices discontinuous and its correction with pure‐phase compensation for laser scanning microscopy
Authors: Zhu Yueqiang , Zhang Chen , Zhao Wei , Wang Jian , Wang Kaige , Bai Jintao 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe interface of mediums with refractive indices discontinuous, for example air‐glass and glass‐water, are inevitable in microscopic imaging. In this work, the aberration of oblique interface with refractive index discontinuous on the laser scanning microscope was investigated theoretically with numerical simulations. It was found that the position, shape and FWHM of focal spots, were all significantly affected by the aberration due to oblique interface. The aberration can cause serious shifting of focal spots in the axial direction of beam during ‐scanning and lead to an inaccurate reconstruction of three‐dimensional (3D) targets. The aberration can also lead to a decreasing spatial resolution. To correct the influence of the aberration, a pure‐phase modulation method has been proposed. By applying a phase compensation map into a spatial light modulator (SLM), the oblique interface aberration had been corrected experimentally in a laser scanning microscope. We hope this research can attract the attention of researchers when using scanning microscope, especially for reconstructing 3D biological and material structures.
Analysis of misidentifications in TEM characterisation of organic‐inorganic hybrid perovskite material
Authors: Deng Yu‐Hao , Nest Leon Georg 
Published: January 2021

AbstractOrganic‐inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs) have recently emerged as groundbreaking semiconductor materials owing to their remarkable properties. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), as a very powerful characterisation tool, has been widely used in perovskite materials for structural analysis and phase identification. However, the perovskites are highly sensitive to electron beams and easily decompose into PbX2 (X = I, Br, Cl) and metallic Pb. The electron dose of general high‐resolution TEM is much higher than the critical dose of MAPbI3, which results in universal misidentifications that PbI2 and Pb are incorrectly labelled as perovskite. The widely existed mistakes have negatively affected the development of perovskite research fields. Here misidentifications of the best‐known MAPbI3 perovskite are summarised and corrected, then the causes of mistakes are classified and ascertained. Above all, a solid method for phase identification and practical strategies to reduce the radiation damage for perovskite materials have also been proposed. This review aims to provide the causes of mistakes and avoid misinterpretations in perovskite research fields in the future.
Bolstering geometric morphometrics sample sizes with damaged and pathologic specimens: Is near enough good enough?
Authors: Mitchell D. Rex , Kirchhoff Claire A. , Cooke Siobhán B. , Terhune Claire E. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObtaining coordinate data for geometric morphometric studies often involves the sampling of dry skeletal specimens from museum collections. But many specimens exhibit damage and/or pathologic conditions. Such specimens can be considered inadequate for the analyses of shape and are excluded from study. However, the influences that damaged specimens may have on the assessment of normal shape variation have only been explored in two‐dimensional coordinate data and no studies have addressed the inclusion of pathological specimens to date. We collected three‐dimensional coordinate data from the cranium and mandible of 100 crab‐eating macaques (Macaca fascicularis). Tests typically employed to analyze shape variation were performed on five datasets that included specimens with varying degrees of damage/pathology. We hypothesized that the inclusion of these specimens into larger datasets would strengthen statistical support for dominant biological predictors of shape, such as sex and size. However, we also anticipated that the analysis of only the most questionable specimens may confound statistical outputs. We then analyzed a small sample of good quality specimens bolstered by specimens that would generally be excluded due to damage or pathologic morphology and compared the results with previous analyses. The inclusion of damaged/pathologic specimens in a larger dataset resulted in increased variation linked to allometry, sexual dimorphism, and covariation, supporting our initial hypothesis. We found that analyzing the most questionable specimens alone gave consistent results for the most dominant aspects of shape but could affect outputs for less influential principal components and predictors. The small dataset bolstered with damaged/pathologic specimens provided an adequate assessment of the major components of shape, but finer scale differences were also identified. We suggest that normal and repeatable variation contributed by specimens exhibiting damage and/or pathology emphasize the dominant components and shape predictors in larger datasets, however, the various unique conditions may be more influential for limited sample sizes. Furthermore, we find that exclusion of damaged/pathologic specimens can, in some cases, omit important demographic‐specific shape variation of groups of individuals more likely to exhibit these conditions. These findings provide a strong case for inclusion of these specimens into studies that focus on the dominant aspects of intraspecific shape variation. However, they may present issues when testing hypotheses relating to more fine‐scale aspects of morphology.
The association between self‐reported workload and perceptions of patient safety culture: A study of intensive care unit nurses
Authors: Alrabae Yaseen Mohammed A. , Aboshaiqah Ahmad E. , Tumala Regie B. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAim and ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the association between workload and patient safety culture (PSC) among intensive care unit (ICU) nurses.BackgroundICU nurses play a vital role in promoting patient safety and are essential indicators in any healthcare system including ICUs. Research studies focusing on the relationship between nursing workload and PSC among ICU nurses are limited.DesignDescriptive correlational design.MethodsThe study participants involved 380 ICU nurses at two hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected between February 2019–April 2019 and were analysed using SPSS v.22 statistical software. This study was guided by the STROBE checklist.ResultsThe results showed that ICU nurses have high positive perceptions in the following PSC subscales: teamwork within units, organisational learning–continuous improvement, frequency of events reported, feedback and communication about error, management support for patient safety, teamwork across units, supervisor/manager expectations and actions promoting patient safety, handoffs and transitions, nonpunitive response to errors, staffing and overall perceptions of patient safety. However, the participants collectively considered the overall grade on patient safety as poor. The participants had high mean scores in physical demand, effort, mental demand and overall workload. A statistically significant variability existed in the mean scores of the PSC subscales and workload of ICU nurses. The overall workload was significantly and negatively associated with the PSC perceptions of ICU nurses.ConclusionThe ICU nurses experienced high overall workload, physical demand, effort and mental demand which influenced the poor grade of their overall perceived PSC.Relevance to Clinical PracticeIdentifying differences and associations with the perceptions of ICU nurses regarding workload and PSC is important because such perceptions may affect their delivery of nursing care. Hospital and nursing administrators must use the study results to find strategies that address workload issues and enhance patient safety.
Exploring postoperative handover quality in relation to patient condition: A mixed methods study
Authors: Reine Elizabeth , Aase Karina , Ræder Johan , Thorud Anne , Aarsnes Reidunn M. , Rustøen Tone 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo describe postoperative handover reporting and tasks in relation to patient condition and situational circumstances, in order to identify facilitators for best practices.BackgroundHigh‐quality handovers in postoperative settings are important for patient safety and continuity of care. There is a need to explore handover quality in relation to patient condition and other affecting factors.DesignObservational mixed methods convergent design.MethodsPostoperative patient handovers were observed collecting quantitative (n = 109) and qualitative data (n = 48). Quantitative data were collected using the postoperative handover assessment tool (PoHAT), and a scoring system assessing patient condition. Qualitative data were collected using free‐text field notes and an observational guide. The study adheres to the GRAMMS guideline for reporting mixed methods research.ResultsInformation omissions in the handovers observed ranged from 1–13 (median 7). Handovers of vitally stable and comfortable patients were associated with more information omissions in the report. A total of 50 handovers (46%) were subjected to interruptions, and checklist compliance was low (13%, n = 14). Thematic analysis of the qualitative data identified three themes: “adaptation of handover,” “strategies for information transfer” and “contextual and individual factors.” Factors facilitating best practices were related to adaptation of the handover to patient condition and situational circumstances, structured verbal reporting, providing patient assessments and dialogue within the handover team.ConclusionsThe variations in items reported and tasks performed during the handovers observed were related to patient conditions, situational circumstances and low checklist compliance. Adaptation of the handover to patient condition and situation, structured reporting, dialogue within the team and patient assessments contributed to quality.Relevance to clinical practiceIt is important to acknowledge that handover quality is related to more than transfer of information. The present study has described how factors related to the patient and situation affect handover quality.
Complications Associated with Rehabilitation of a Unilateral Partially Edentulous Mandible with Inferior Alveolar Nerve Transposition and Implant Placement: A Clinical Report
Authors: Haeberle C. Brent , Abreu Amara , Metzler Kurt , Robles‐Moreno Marlen 
Published: January 2021

AbstractRehabilitation of an edentulous posterior mandible to restore function and arch stability can be accomplished with a removable partial denture or an implant supported fixed partial denture. If the alveolus is severely resorbed, implant placement becomes challenging due to inadequate bone and the position of the inferior alveolar nerve. This report details a situation where a mandibular fracture occurred soon after inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) transposition and simultaneous implant placement. The prosthodontic reconstruction was completed using a fixed‐dental prosthesis.
Technique for Converting A Fractured Implant Locator Abutment to A Custom Implant Cast Post and Core
Authors: Geckili Onur , Gencel Burc , Idemen Aliye Ceren , Dayan Suleyman Cagatay 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis technique article describes an efficient, cost effective and time saving procedure using the fractured abutment as a custom cast post and core when an overdenture abutment is fractured and attempts to retrieve the fractured segment fail.