bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Betriebliche Gesundheitsförderung in Deutschland für
alle? Ergebnisse der BIBB-/BAuA-Erwerbstätigenbefragung
2018
Authors: Hollederer Alfons 
Published: November 2021

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Die Sekundäranalyse zielt darauf, die Verbreitung
und Inanspruchnahme der Betrieblichen Gesundheitsförderung (BGF) in
Deutschland zu untersuchen.
Methodik Datenbasis ist die
BIBB-/BAuA-Erwerbstätigenbefragung 2018. Sie ist eine
randomisierte repräsentative CATI-Erhebung von 20.012
Erwerbstätigen ab 15 Jahren in Deutschland. Es werden Anteilswerte
zwischen verschiedenen Gruppen verglichen und eine binäre logistische
Regressionsanalyse durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse 47% der Erwerbstätigen berichten, dass in ihrem
Betrieb in den letzten 2 Jahren Maßnahmen der BGF durchgeführt
wurden. 25% der Erwerbstätigen haben an einem Angebot zur BGF in
den letzten 2 Jahren teilgenommen. Mit der Betriebsgröße nehmen
die Anteile der Erwerbstätigen, die ein BGF-Angebot im Betrieb
bestätigen, stark zu, aber die Inanspruchnahmequoten sinken. Die
Erwerbstätigen in Betrieben mit Betriebs-/Personalrat geben
überproportional häufig eine Durchführung der BGF an.
Erwerbstätige mit niedrigem sozio-ökonomischen Status bekunden
dagegen in relativ geringem Ausmaß BGF-Angebote. BGF wird besonders
wenig in Betrieben von Erwerbstätigen ohne Berufsabschluss, in einem
befristeten Arbeitsverhältnis, mit Entlassungsgefahr und
Leiharbeitnehmern umgesetzt. Binäre logistische Regressionsanalysen
zielen darauf, Prädiktoren des BGF-Angebots zu identifizieren. Im
Vergleich zu den Kleinbetrieben ist bei den Erwerbstätigen in mittleren
Unternehmen die Wahrscheinlichkeit für ein BGF-Angebot in ihrem Betrieb
mehr als doppelt (OR=2,17) und in Großunternehmen mehr als
fünffach erhöht (OR=5,64). Im Öffentlichen
Dienst stehen die Chancen von Erwerbstätigen auf BGF im Betrieb
wesentlich besser als in Industrie, Handwerk, Handel oder weiteren Bereichen.
Erwerbstätige mit ausländischer Staatsangehörigkeit
haben im Vergleich zu deutschen Erwerbstätigen eine signifikant
geringere Chance, dass in ihrem Betrieb BGF angeboten wird (OR=0,78).
Ein sehr guter oder ausgezeichneter Gesundheitszustand geht mit einer etwas
gesteigerten OR von 1,15 für BGF im Betrieb einher. In Betrieben, in
denen die Erwerbstätigen mit der Arbeit insgesamt sehr zufrieden sind,
ist die Wahrscheinlichkeit eines BGF-Angebots deutlich erhöht
(OR=1,70).
Schlussfolgerung Die Studie zeigt große Disparitäten in
der BGF auf. Es braucht zielgruppenspezifische Handlungsstrategien in der BGF,
um sowohl Kleinbetriebe als auch innerhalb von Betrieben die
Erwerbstätigen mit niedrigem sozio-ökonomischen Status besser zu
erreichen.
Drug and Chemical Poisoning Patterns in Makkah Region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alnasser Sulaiman Mohammed 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis research reveals that drugs and chemicals poisoning have been reported to have severe and fetal side effects on health provided by doctors in statistics and periodical records. This work aimed to explore the interaction among drug and chemical poisoning patterns concerning risk factors, especially gender, age, exposure circumstances, and outcomes in the Makkah region. A retrospective analysis was of clinical drug and chemical poisoning cases (2014–2015). The data were retrieved from the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Ministry of Health, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. The Saudi Arabia Ministry of Health received 1216 reports of drug and chemical poisoning during 2014–2015 in Makkah. This study has found that, the most affected gender was that of males (65%). The most affected age category with drug poisoning was over 15 years old (67%), but under 5 years for chemical poisoning (60%). The majority of drug poisoning cases are unknown drugs (42%), which accidental poisoning was a minority compared with other drug causes (27%). Chemical poisoning accidents were the majority causes of the recorded cases (63%). We reported healthy recovered without complications for most patients from drug and chemical poisoning (85–95%). Antidotes were administered in only (5%) of cases, and fatalities were reported (0.5% of cases). We have shown a flagrant increase in the number of people poisoned by drugs and chemical agents during 2015. Increases poisoning cases involved both genders and all studied age categories, especially males over 15 years up to 25 (drugs) and < 5 years (chemicals). Most cases were accidental (chemicals) and reported healthy recovery for most patients.
A Possible Type IV Hypersensitivity Reaction to Older Antiepileptic Drugs During and
After Recovery from COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Khosravi Mohsen 
Published: November 2021

To the EditorNearly two years after the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic,
healthcare workers face new and unexpected complications. Although accelerating the
vaccination process in recent months has reduced the incidence and mortality of the
COVID-19 infection, the general population (particularly vulnerable groups) remains
at risk of new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
variants. Over the last two months, Iran has encountered the fifth wave of the
COVID-19 pandemic, i. e., the B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant of the SARS-CoV-2,
with faster infectiousness and higher severity and mortality among hospitalized
patients 1. Although fever, cough, and
expectoration are the most common clinical features of COVID-19, recent studies have
indicated an increasing number of skin manifestation reports in the disease.
Besides, there is growing evidence that underlying SARS-CoV-2 infection may increase
the risk of adverse drug reactions 2.
However, the enduring concern in our medical centers in recent days is a raised
incidence of Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) in recovered COVID-19 patients following
monotherapy with older antiepileptic drugs (0.004 vs. 0.0008% –
i. e., 5 times higher than the pre-COVID-19 period) 3. It is worth noting that these patients did
not have any history of SJS/toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) or additional
etiopathogenic factors, including infections, genetic factors (particularly
HLA-B*1502 allele), and malignancy. Furthermore, for many years before
developing the COVID-19 and recovering from it, they had been treated with the above
drugs without showing any cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions. These observational
findings raise two important questions: (i) Could a history of the COVID-19
infection be a potential risk factor for type IV hypersensitivity reactions to older
antiepileptic drugs? (ii) If so, what are its mechanisms of action?
The Current State of Coronary Revascularization: Percutaneous Coronary Intervention versus Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: Brown Matthew A. , Klusewitz Seth , Elefteriades John , Prescher Lindsey 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe question of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) versus coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery remains among the most important questions in the treatment of coronary artery disease. The leading North American and European societies largely agree on the current guidelines for the revascularization of unprotected left-main disease (ULMD) and multivessel disease (MVD) which are largely supported by the outcomes of several large randomized trials including SYNTAX, PRECOMBAT, NOBLE, and EXCEL. While these trials are of the highest quality, currently available, they suffer several limitations, including the use of bare metal and/or first-generation drug-eluting stents in early trials and lack of updated surgical outcomes data. The objective of this review is to briefly discuss these key early trials, as well as explore contemporary studies, to provide insight on the current state of coronary revascularization. Evidence suggests that in ULMD and MVD, there are similar mortality rates for CABG and PCI but PCI is associated with fewer “early” strokes, whereas CABG is associated with fewer “late” strokes, myocardial infarctions, and lower need for repeat revascularization. Additionally, studies suggest that CABG remains superior to PCI in patients with intermediate/high SYNTAX scores and in MVD with concomitant proximal left anterior descending (pLAD) artery stenosis. Despite the preceding research and its basis for our current guidelines, there remains significant variation in care that has yet to be quantified. Emerging studies evaluating second-generation drug-eluting stents, specific lesion anatomy, and minimally invasive and hybrid approaches to CABG may lend itself to more individualized patient care.
Orchard floor management effect on soil free-living nematode communities
Authors: Eshel Gil , Unc Adrian , Egozi Roey , Shakartchy Efrat , Doniger Tirza , Steinberger Yosef 
Published: November 2021

Context Although both plant cover and mulch are considered for erosion control in arid and semi-arid regions, they have divergent impacts on soil ecology. Aim We examined the effects of orchard floor management practices on the density and diversity of soil free-living nematode communities and relevant soil abiotic properties. Methods Soils were sampled in winter in a citrus orchard in the Sharon region of Israel from plots that for 6 years had been under (1) annual native species; or (2) Avena sativa and Vicia villosa, planted between tree rows; or (3) woodchip mulching along tree rows. There were two control sites: (4) bare soil between tree rows and (5) bare soil along the tree rows (both common practice). Key results Nematode communities and their trophic diversity were significantly impacted by floor management. Significant increases in soil moisture under plant cover, and higher organic matter and water-holding capacity for all covered orchard floors could be related to nematode changes. Shifts in nematode feeding group structure suggest a shift in the type and availability of soil carbon pools. Conclusions There was a strong association between orchard floor management and soil free-living nematode communities, indicating a shift in the soil food-web structure and functionality. Bare soil harboured fewer nematodes, but more complex communities dominated by persisters, while seeded plant cover had a greater nematode abundance dominated by coloniser communities, indicating increased availability of resources. Implications Results reveal the importance of integrating biological information in performance index determinations for improving soil management decisions, suggesting these relationships as sensitive bio-indicators of soil health.
Gravitational waves from spectator Gauge-flation
Authors: Iarygina Oksana , Sfakianakis Evangelos I. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We investigate the viability of inflation with a spectator sector comprised of non-Abelian gauge fields coupled through a higher order operator. We dub this model “spectator Gauge-flation”.
We study the predictions for the amplitude and tensor tilt of chiral gravitational waves and
conclude that
a slightly red-tilted tensor power spectrum is preferred with

. As with related models, the
enhancement of chiral gravitational waves with respect to the single-field vacuum gravitational wave background
is controlled by the parameter γ=g2 Q2/H2, where g is the gauge coupling, H is the Hubble scale and Q is the VEV of the SU(2) sector.
The requirement that the SU(2) is a spectator sector leads to a maximum allowed value for γ, thereby constraining the possible amplification.
In order to provide concrete predictions, we use an α-attractor T-model potential for the inflaton sector.
Potential observation of chiral gravitational waves with significantly tilted tensor spectra would then indicate the presence of additional couplings of the gauge fields to axions, like in the spectator axion-SU(2) model, or additional gauge field operators.
Synthesis of devices for efficient energy conversion
Authors: Myatezh S V , Shchurov N I , Malozyomov B V , Shtang A A , Sh Atabaeva L 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The synthesis of devices for efficient energy conversion is shown. It is shown that simple aggregation as the most obvious way to obtain three-phase converters based on single-phase circuit solutions can lead to disadvantages during their operation. The article demonstrates some techniques of the method of structural synthesis, which made it possible to improve the circuit design of a three-phase rectifier with zone-phase regulation and improve the shape of the rectified current curve.
Heat and mass transfer of multicomponent gas mixtures in cryogenic tank of automotive equipment
Authors: Didmanidze O N , Afanasyev A S , Khakimov R T 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The use of liquefied gas as a motor fuel for automotive equipment has both certain advantages and significant problems. The paper deals with the solution of one of the main problems, reducing the speed of the phase transition of liquefied methane in a cryogenic tank in the mode of drainage-free storage. In solving the above problem, the process of convective heat and mass transfer caused by the chemical and physical state of natural gas and the external heat flow was investigated. The two-phase state of the gas is unstable in the event of an increase in heat input from the environment, which causes an imbalance of pressure and temperature in the volumes of the liquid and gaseous parts of the gas and creates the risk of an emergency. To prevent the formation of critical gas pressure in a cryogenic tank, a method is proposed for calculating the phase transition of liquefied methane to determine the volume fraction of vaporized gas using equilibrium constants, which will allow developing an algorithm for the technological process of gas recirculation in a specially designed tank design. This will also allow you to choose the best option for a thermal insulation layer that can reduce the rate of penetration of heat from the environment and increase the period of drainage-free storage of liquefied natural gas by 1.5-2 times.
Stability and increased radio communication coverage of sea area infrastructure measurement antennas
Authors: Boran-Keshishian A L , Alekseev A A , Popov V V , Kondratyev A I 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This research presents a modified method of signal amplification over layered surfaces of absolutely thin ice over marine waters on condition of stable operation of communication networks, necessary for deployment of Big Information Management Communication Systems and the concept of E-Navigation development. The method was first tested when deploying a GMSSB(b) network in the Azov-Black Sea region. Peculiarity of radio wave behavior during propagation over thin layered ice is that mutual phase ratios make a part of field energy “sticking” to the surface and propagating along it, thus creating a surface wave effect. At that, attenuation function is above one, and the field may increase with distance, even above design limits, breaking the proportionality law of reduction with distance. There are several details requiring clarification and adjustments to local conditions.In the MF and LF radio bands, solid surface and sea water are good conductors of electromagnetic flow. Thus, antenna fields for radio communications are located immediately above the surface for reception and transmission of vertical polarization signals, while field calculations are conducted with an elementary dipole.
Magnetization of an elastic ferromagnet
Authors: Gallyamov I. I. , Yusupova L. F. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
At the macroscopic level, ferromagnetism is a quantum mechanical phenomenon. To describe magnetic materials, it is necessary to create a heuristic model that in terms of continuum mechanics describes the interaction between the lattice continuum, which is a carrier of deformations, and the magnetization field, which is associated with the spin continuum through the gyromagnetic effect. According to the laws of quantum mechanics, each individual particle is associated with a magnetic moment and an internal angular momentum – spin. Electrons mainly contribute to the magnetic moment of the atom. Therefore, the continuum is continuously associated with the discrete distribution of individual spins in a real ferromagnetic body known as the electron spin continuum. In addition, it is necessary to formulate field equations that, together with Maxwell’s equations, describe the electron spin continuum. After that, it is necessary to consider the interaction between the lattice continuum and the electron spin continuum. Elastic ferromagnets should be described with due regard to the spin density and couple stresses. The spin system is a carrier of the magnetic properties, and the mechanical properties are associated with the lattice. Thus, spin–lattice interactions indicate the relationship between magnetic and mechanical properties.
Development of calculation method to study influence of end pieces and asphalt roadway impedance on total sound pressure measured at exhaust pipe mouth
Authors: Rakhmatov R I , Krutolapov V E , Nadareishvili G G , Yudin S I 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The article contains a developed finite element model of the rear part of the vehicle with the mufflers made adjoining the sphere. Experimental research has been carried out in accordance with the rules of the ECE UN R51 amendment 03. Calculation procedure was made to study the influence of the reflecting surfaces on the total sound pressure by the example of the exhaust pipe mouth. The finite element model of the vehicle rear part has been developed. The results of calculations and experimental research of the sound pressures of the exhaust pipe mouth are given. The developed calculation procedure has been proved by the experiments.
Rapid identification of the technical condition of a marine electric power system
Authors: Saushev A , Shirokov N , Butsanets A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The article is devoted to the development of approaches to the rapid identification of the technical condition of marine electric power systems. It is shown that the means of technical diagnostics used on modern ships are used only for maintenance and repair of power equipment and are not adapted to provide preventive control in abnormal operating modes. The definition of rapid identification of a technical state as a process of technical diagnostics of a marine electric power system for the purposes of preventive and emergency control of its technical condition is given. The statement is substantiated that the means of technical diagnostics should not only identify the inoperative state of the system elements, but also predict the mode of its operation after disconnecting the inoperative generator set, provide the information necessary to ensure a trouble-free transition of the electric power system to a partially operable state. It is shown that, in contrast to the existing approaches to diagnosing the technical state of the ship’s electric power system, it is necessary to take into account the rate of change of the controlled parameter, as well as to determine the probable time of its reaching the maximum permissible value. The necessity of identifying an inoperative element of the system and the implementation of control actions to exclude an emergency until the moment of overloading of the operable generating sets, their shutdown by protection and power outage is substantiated. This information in each specific case will allow the decision-making system of the marine electric power system to formulate recommendations for the maintenance personnel and the preventive protection system on the necessary impacts on the control object in order to avoid an emergency. The main reasons for overloading the marine electric power system have been formulated, algorithms have been developed for the practical solution of the problem of rapid identification of the technical state of the system for cases associated with overloading of serviceable electrical machines due to disconnection of inoperative generator sets.
Development of the method of determining the location of a short circuit in transmission lines
Authors: Suslov K , Solonina N , Solonina Z , Akhmetshin A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
One of the serious problems of the reliable functioning of energy systems is the disruption of the performance of overhead and cable transmission power lines caused by various reasons. Most of the power outages occur in distribution networks. Particularly dangerous short-circuits in the supply and distribution network, due to unpredictable natural disasters. To ensure uninterrupted and reliable power supply to consumers, it is necessary to identify and eliminate the malfunction in a short time to reduce damage. Finding and troubleshooting a line is an important task. The authors proposed a method for quickly determining the location of a short circuit in power lines. The proposed method allows to reduce search time and increase the accuracy of determining the fault location.
Method for measuring the position of the normal reaction on the vehicle wheel
Authors: Balakina E V , Golubeva T A , Sergienko I V , Sarbaev D S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The paper deals with the study of the reaction positions of the support surface on the vehicle wheels. The problems is that the longitudinal drifts of the normal reaction are not fully described. There is no initial data on the rolling radii in the presence of a moment on the wheel. The existing problem does not allow considering components of the longitudinal drifts of normal reactions. The authors noted that the accuracy of predicting the stability and controllability of the vehicle deteriorates. The way out of this is to search other ways to determine the values of these drifts. In conclusion, the authors admitted dividing the general drift of the normal reaction into three components. The paper proposes a measurement method to determine the existence and numerical value of the third component. This method includes indirectly measuring the normal reaction drift that was implemented on an experimental setup.
A simulation model of a traction network taking into account the variable resistance of the contact line and a given power profile of the electric vehicle in MatLAB Simulink
Authors: Spiridonov E A , Mayboroda M A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The article describes an approach to the development of a simulation model of an electric transport traction network, taking into account the change in the resistance of the contact wire when the vehicle is moving. The advantage of the model is that it is executed using the building blocks of Simulink, visually reflects the topology of the traction network, and can be used for modeling both trolleybus and rail transport networks. As the initial data for the model, both standardized drive cycles and experimentally obtained modes of vehicle motion can be used.