bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Raven Eye: A Mobile Computing Solution for Site Exploitation
Authors: Jimenez Sergio R , Kline Ben , Tsang Diana A , Henderson Steven J 
Published: March 2021

Site exploitation (SE) remains a critical mission for operators on the battlefield. Since SE is a fairly new operation in the military, soldiers face specific challenges that hinder them from conducting a successful SE operation. This paper details the design of a system, Raven Eye, which endeavors to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of SE. Raven Eye is an Android based system that collects, stores, and sends SE data. Raven Eye allows operators to collect exploited site data by capturing photos, videos, and biometrics. Operators can annotate and tag recorded items. Lastly, the operators transform data stored and collected via Raven Eye to a standardized report that accelerates follow-on analysis by intelligence personnel.
A'ingae <em>=sa'ne</em> 'APPR' and the semantic typology of apprehensional adjuncts
Authors: AnderBois Scott , Dąbkowski Maksymilian 
Published: March 2021

We explore the semantics and typology of functional morphemes encoding apprehensional, i.e. negative prospective, meanings through a detailed case study of the adjunct uses of =sa'ne 'APPR' in A'ingae (or Cofán, ISO 639-3: con, an Amazonian isolate). We provide one of the first formal accounts of apprehension: In a structure [p [q=sa'ne]], =sa'ne 'APPR' encodes a modal semantics where the goal worlds of the actor responsible for p avoid a salient situation r=>q. Finally, we reveal two inherent asymmetries among apprehensional functions (precautioning asymmetry and timitive asymmetry), thus making substantial predictions with regards to typological patterns in apprehensional morphology.
Signatures of Clouds in Hot Jupiter Atmospheres: Modeled High-resolution Emission Spectra from 3D General Circulation Models
Authors: Harada Caleb K. , Kempton Eliza M.-R. , Rauscher Emily , Roman Michael , Malsky Isaac , Brinjikji Marah , DiTomasso Victoria 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Observations of scattered light and thermal emission from hot Jupiter exoplanets have suggested the presence of inhomogeneous aerosols in their atmospheres. 3D general circulation models (GCMs) that attempt to model the effects of aerosols have been developed to understand the physical processes that underlie their dynamical structures. In this work, we investigate how different approaches to aerosol modeling in GCMs of hot Jupiters affect high-resolution thermal emission spectra throughout the duration of the planet’s orbit. Using results from a GCM with temperature-dependent cloud formation, we calculate spectra of a representative hot Jupiter with different assumptions regarding the vertical extent and thickness of clouds. We then compare these spectra to models in which clouds are absent or simply post-processed (i.e., added subsequently to the completed clear model). We show that the temperature-dependent treatment of clouds in the GCM produces high-resolution emission spectra that are markedly different from the clear and post-processed cases—both in the continuum flux levels and line profiles—and that increasing the vertical extent and thickness of clouds leads to bigger changes in these features. We evaluate the net Doppler shifts of the spectra induced by global winds and the planet’s rotation and show that they are strongly phase dependent, especially for models with thicker and more extended clouds. This work further demonstrates the importance of radiative feedback in cloudy atmospheric models of hot Jupiters, as this can have a significant impact on interpreting spectroscopic observations of exoplanet atmospheres.
Internal Structure of Molecular Gas in a Main-sequence Galaxy With a UV Clump at z = 1.45
Authors: Ushio Kaito , Ohta Kouji , Maeda Fumiya , Hatsukade Bunyo , Yabe Kiyoto 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We present results of subarcsec Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of CO(2–1) and CO(5–4) toward a massive main-sequence galaxy at z = 1.45 in the Subaru-XMM/Newton Deep Survey/UDS field, aiming at examining the internal distribution and properties of molecular gas in the galaxy. Our target galaxy consists of the bulge and disk, and has a UV clump in the Hubble Space Telescope images. The CO emission lines are clearly detected, and the CO(5–4)/CO(2–1) flux ratio (R
52) is ∼1, similar to that of the Milky Way. Assuming a metallicity-dependent CO-to-H2 conversion factor and a CO(2–1)/CO(1–0) flux ratio of 2 (the Milky Way value), the molecular gas mass and the gas-mass fraction (f
gas = ratio of the molecular gas mass to the molecular gas mass + stellar mass) are estimated to be ∼1.5 × 1011
M
⊙ and ∼0.55, respectively. We find that R
52 peak coincides with the position of the UV clump and that its value is approximately twice higher than the galactic average. This result implies a high gas density and/or high temperature in the UV clump, which qualitatively agrees with a numerical simulation of a clumpy galaxy. The CO(2–1) distribution is well represented by a rotating-disk model, and its half-light radius is ∼2.3 kpc. Compared to the stellar distribution, the molecular gas is more concentrated in the central region of the galaxy. We also find that f
gas decreases from ∼0.6 at the galactic center to ∼0.2 at three times the half-light radius, indicating that the molecular gas is distributed in the more central region of the galaxy than stars and seems to be associated with the bulge rather than with the stellar disk.
Comparison between optical and electrophysical data on free electron concentration in tellurium doped n-GaAs
Authors: Yugova Tatyana G. , Belov Aleksandr G. , Kanevskii Vladimir E. , Kladova Evgeniya I. , Knyazev Stanislav N. 
Published: March 2021

A theoretical model has been developed for determining free electron concentration in n-GaAs from characteristic points in the far infrared region of reflection spectra. We show that when determining free electron concentration one should take into account the pasmon–phonon coupling, otherwise free electron concentration will be overestimated. We have calculated electron concentration Nopt as a function of characteristic wave number ν+ which is described by a second order polynomial.
Twenty-five tellurium doped gallium arsenide specimens have been tested for electron concentration using two methods, i.e., the conventional four-probe method (Van der Pau) and the optical method developed by us (the measurements have been carried out at room temperature). We have used the experimental results to plot the dependence of electron concentration based on the Hall data (NHall) on electron concentration based on the optical data (Nopt). This dependence is described by a linear function. We show that the data of optical and electrophysical measurements agree if the electron concentration is Neq = 1.07 · 1018 cm-3. At lower Hall electron concentrations, NHall &lt; Nopt, whereas at higher ones, NHall &gt; Nopt. We have suggested a qualitative model describing these results. We assume that tellurium atoms associate into complexes with arsenic vacancies thus reducing the concentration of electrons. The concentration of arsenic vacancies is lower on the crystal surface, hence the Nopt &gt; NHall condition should be met. With an increase in doping level, more and more tellurium atoms remain electrically active, so the bulk concentration of electrons starts to prevail over the surface one. However with further increase in doping level the NHall/Nopt ratio starts to decrease again and tends to unity. This seems to originate from the fact that the decomposition intensity of the tellurium atom + arsenic vacancy complexes decreases with an increase in doping level.
La Covid-19, une mise à l’épreuve pour le projet européen ?
Authors: Ischinger Wolfgang 
Published: March 2021

La Covid-19 a ébranlé le monde en aggravant ses incertitudes géopolitiques. L’Europe et ses institutions ont été fragilisées, or plus que jamais, celle-ci doit reprendre l’initiative pour surmonter collectivement la crise et affirmer une nouvelle ambition pour que le « vieux continent » en ressorte plus fort.
Après le déclin de l’Occident, sa fin – ou son accomplissement ?
Authors: Engels David 
Published: March 2021

L’Occident est-il en déclin ? Dans certains domaines, indéniablement alors même que paradoxalement l’occidentalisation progresse. L’Europe vieillissante et fracturée semble peu capable de relever ce défi et s’oriente vers une marginalisation progressive et la fin de sa civilisation au profit de nouveaux empires.
Engagement des armées sur le territoire national : vers une nouvelle dynamique
Authors: Salabert Olivier 
Published: March 2021

Les armées sont régulièrement engagées sur le territoire national. Toutefois – à la lumière de la crise sanitaire – des progrès sont envisageables dans la coordination avec les moyens civils, par une meilleure anticipation et connaissance mutuelles. Une démarche proactive est désormais nécessaire pour éviter un effet de surprise.
A COMPLEMENTARIDADE ENTRE A RACIONALIDADE SUBSTANTIVA E A AÇÃO COMUNICATIVA NA PRIMEIRA IGREJA EVANGÉLICA CONGREGACIONAL DE JOÃO PESSOA
Authors: Cavalcanti Hellen Taynan , Cavalcante Carlos Eduardo 
Published: March 2021

Este trabalho aborda a complementaridade entre a Racionalidade Substantiva e a Ação Comunicativa em uma Igreja Congregacional. O objetivo é identificar como a complementaridade é praticada no âmbito administrativo da organização situando-se no locus das pesquisas da segunda geração dos trabalhos sobre Racionalidade. Para isso utilizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa de caráter descritivo a fim de identificar a aplicação das duas teorias e sua relação nas tensões organizacionais. A partir dos resultados, adaptou-se quadro de Serva para indicar a correspondência entre a Racionalidade Substantiva e a Ação Comunicativa. Os resultados mostram que os fatores de uma razão substantiva predominam nos aspectos extrínsecos minimizando os aspectos de tensão, mas no que se refere aos valores emancipatórios do homem, a igreja aproxima-se de uma razão instrumental por que exerce uma forte dominação ideológica que limita o comportamento dos sujeitos que trabalham na organização. Verificou-se ainda que a tensão entre a ação coletiva e a gestão tende a ser minimizada devido o elevado nível de Racionalidade Substantiva no processo decisório que aproxima os sujeitos por afinidade ideológica e enfatiza ações orientadas ao entendimento.

Palavras-Chave: Complementaridade; Racionalidade Substantiva; Ação Comunicativa.
Iris extramedullary hematopoiesis in choroidal melanoma
Authors: Gallo Beatrice , Al-Jamal Rana'a T. , Thaung Caroline , Cohen Victoria M. L. 
Published: March 2021

PURPOSE:
Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) usually occurs in patients with loss of bone marrow hematopoietic function, and in a vast majority of cases, it involves the liver, the spleen, or the lymph nodes. We report EMH in the iris of patients enucleated for choroidal melanoma (CM).

METHODS:
We report a series of three patients with CM, two treated with primary enucleation and one with secondary enucleation.

RESULTS:
Histopathology revealed EMH in the iris of all patients.

CONCLUSION:
EMH of the iris can be associated with CM in the absence of any hematological or systemic disorders. To the best of our knowledge, our work is the first report of this abnormal histopathological finding.
Management outcomes of canalicular laceration in children
Authors: Alhammad Fatimah , Galindo-Ferreiro Alicia , Khandekar Rajiv , Al-Sheikh Osama , Alzaher Fatimah , Schellini Silvana 
Published: March 2021

PURPOSE:
To report the epidemiological data, clinical profile, management, and outcomes of canalicular lacerations in the pediatric age group in a tertiary eye care hospital in Saudi Arabia.

METHODS:
This retrospective study evaluated pediatric patients who underwent canalicular laceration repair in the last 15 years at King Khalid Eye Specialist Hospital (KKESH), Saudi Arabia. Demographics, causes of injury, type of trauma, surgical approach, and outcomes were analyzed. The success of repair was defined as the absence of epiphora after canaliculus repair with negative dye disappearance test (DDT). Success within subgroups was compared. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS:
The study sample was comprised of 43 patients, with a median age of 6.35 years (range, 1.77–17.96 years). Most of the patients were males (69.8%). Sharp objects were the most common cause of canalicular laceration (46.5%), being 9 (20.9 %) caused by a metallic clothing hanger. Lower canaliculus was involved in 65.1%, upper canaliculus in 32.6%, and both canaliculi in 2.3% of patients. Canaliculus repair was performed with a bicanalicular stent in 58.1 % and monocanalicular stent in 41.9 % of patients. The success rate and risk of complications using bicanalicular or monocanalicular stent did not differ (P = 0.065). Functional success was achieved in 87.5% of patients.

CONCLUSION:
Canalicular laceration is common in male children, mainly affecting the lower canaliculus. There was no difference in success rate between monocanalicular and bicanalicular stent. As canalicular laceration could be related to social determinants, the main causes should be highlighted in community health education initiatives.
Comparing experiential versus conventional learning on knowledge retention for teaching surgery to medical graduates
Authors: Alkharashi Majed 
Published: March 2021

PURPOSE:
The study aims to evaluate and see if experiential learning theory for teaching cataract surgery can improve the ability of students to retain more knowledge compared to the classical or traditional way of teaching.

METHODS:
A pre and post control group design of 32 graduates was conducted in 2016 at King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia to examine the effect of experiential learning as an applicable way for teaching cataract surgery. The total of graduates including males and females were divided into control and experimental groups to which the educational materials about cataract surgery were presented as a lecture and as wet lab session respectively. All the data collected were entered in SPSS version 22 for analysis and a P ≤ 0.05 was considered significant.

RESULTS:
Both control and experimental groups showed good retention rate of knowledge. However, the gain of knowledge was more in the Wet lab group. The scores mean increased more than 5 points in this group compared to 2.5 points only in the lecture groups.

CONCLUSION:
Both teaching modalities were effective in improving the knowledge rate of the students. However, in the experiential learning group (Wet lab group), the gain of knowledge was higher compared to that in the traditional group (lecture group).
Prevalence of laser refractive surgery among ophthalmologists in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alsabaani Nasser , Alshehri Mohammed S. , AlFlan Mohammed A. , Awadalla Nabil J. 
Published: March 2021

PURPOSE:
The primary aims of this study are to assess the prevalence of excimer laser refractive surgery among ophthalmologists in Saudi Arabia, evaluates the satisfaction rates among ophthalmologists who have undergone laser refractive surgery and whether they would recommend the procedure to their immediate family members.

METHODS:
A cross-sectional study surveyed ophthalmologist irrespective of specialty or subspecialty in Saudi Arabia. A self-reported survey tool has been used for data collection. Candidates were contacted by email and WhatsApp messages that introduced the nature of the study and an online link to a survey was included. For those who did not respond to the digital contact, direct survey interviews were conducted at an Ophthalmology conference in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 2018.

RESULTS:
The final study sample was comprised of 183 ophthalmologists. Most of them 107 (58%) reported that they currently are performing laser refractive surgery. There were 73 (39.89%) ophthalmologist who self-reported that they are emmetropic, 110 (60.11%) self-reported themselves as ametropic, not including presbyopia. Of the 110 ophthalmologists with refractive errors, 52 (47.27%) were candidate for laser refractive surgery for myopia, hyperopia or astigmatism. Most of non- candidates attributed the non-candidacy to non- specific reasons and dry eye. Of the 52 participants who reported themselves as candidates for laser refractive surgery, 20 (38.46%) reported that they had undergone laser refractive surgery, and 32 (61.54%) had not. Most of them (50%) reported that they “like to wear glasses or contact lenses. In general, 14 (70%) reported complete satisfaction with the postoperative outcome. Of all ophthalmologists participated in the study, 94% would advise laser refractive surgery to their first-degree relatives.

CONCLUSION:
Excimer laser vision correction among ophthalmologists in Saudi is much higher than the market penetration in the general population reported in other countries. Most of the ophthalmologists who underwent the procedure were satisfied with the outcome.
Evaluation of COVID-19 Disease Awareness and Its Relation to Mental Health, Dietary Habits, and Physical Activity: A Cross-Sectional Study from Pakistan
Authors: Ali Ahmad , Sohaib Muhammad , Iqbal Sanaullah , Hayat Khezar , Khan Azmat Ullah , Rasool Muhammad Fawad 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTCoronavirus infection (COVID-19) has significantly increased the mortality and morbidity rates worldwide. The present study was conducted to assess the general public’s awareness of COVID-19 and its association with mental health, dietary habits, and physical activity. A web-based survey was conducted to gather information about demographics, knowledge about COVID-19, dietary habits, mental health, and anthropometry among the general public of Pakistan. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and multiple logistic regression were used for data analysis. The majority of the participants were suffering from anxiety (71.0%) and depression (52.0%) during the COVID-19 pandemic; 32.4% of participants had poor COVID-19–related knowledge. COVID-19 lockdown reduced the physical activity of 66.9% of participants and increased weight of 38.8% of the survey participants. Demographic variables, including age, gender, ethnicity, education, employment, family type, and geographical location, were significantly associated with knowledge about COVID-19 (P < 0.05). Depression was inversely associated with COVID-19 knowledge (P < 0.05). Healthy changes in dietary habits including decreased consumption of fast foods, soft and cola drinks, fruit drinks, cooked meat (outside the home), sugar, and fats, and were associated with increased knowledge of COVID-19. Vitamin C and immunity-boosting supplement consumption were significantly associated with increased knowledge regarding COVID-19 (< 0.05). Inadequate knowledge about COVID-19 and the presence of anxiety and depression were found among most of the study participants. There is a need to conduct educational seminars to limit the health consequences resulting from COVID-19 lockdown.
A peripartum cardiomyopathy case treated with bromocriptine
Authors: GÜNAY Şeyda , SERDAR Osman Akın , YEŞİLBURSA Dilek , GÜLLÜLÜ Sümeyye , TOPAL Naile Bolca 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Peripartum cardiomyopathy is a rare disease that is difficult to diagnose and treat. Clinical findings are similar with heart failure. New treatments are needed in addition to the treatment of heart failure.
Case Report: A 32-year-old woman presented with symptoms of heart failure 4 days after first delivery. Chest X-ray showed cardiomegaly. Serum BNP level was high. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) indicated dilated left atrium and left ventricle, severe mitral regurgitation and ventricular dysfunction. The global longitudinal strain was – 9.1%. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed mid-myocardial staining detected in late phase images. Concomitant bromocriptine (2,5 mg po twice a day for 15 days and then 2,5 mg po once a day for 15 days) was used with standard heart failure therapy. At 6 months, TTE and cardiac MRI revealed normal biventricular function and size. Global longitudinal strain was –14%.
Conclusion: Patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy may benefit from bromocriptine.
Acute Tubular Necrosis Associated with Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia due to Acute Gastroenteritis
Authors: SEZEN Mehmet , YILDIZ Abdülmecit , YAVUZ Mahmut , DİLEK Kamil , GÜLLÜLÜ Mustafa , ORUÇ Ayşegül , AYDIN Mehmet Fethullah , ERSOY Alparslan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a rare disease with a rate of 1-3 in 100,000 in adults. AIHA are defined as primary (idiopathic) or secondary depending on the presence or absence of accompanying disease. Secondary causes include drugs, immunodeficiencies, infections, other autoimmune diseases, or malignancies. Here, we report an 42-year-old female presented to us with diarrhea, nausea-vomiting, fever, chills and jaundice for two days. Hematological investigations revealed hemolytic anemia. Direct Coombs test was positive. The patient was diagnosed acute tubuler necrosis with autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Methylprednisolone 40 mg/day was started considering autoimmune hemolytic anemia. She was on hemodialysis at regular intervals. After 4 weeks, the patient was symptomatically improved with remission of acute tubuler necrosis and hemolytic anemia. In our case, the association of AIHA due to acute gastroenteritis and acute tubular insufficiency was considered suitable for the presentation because of its rare occurrence.
LOS MEMORÁNDUMS DE ENTENDIMIENTO SOBRE CONDICIONES DE POLÍTICAS SECTORIALES FINANCIERAS Y SU IMPACTO SOBRE LOS DERECHOS FUNDAMENTALES
Authors: ASÍN CABRERA MARÍA ASUNCIÓN 
Published: March 2021

El presente estudio trata sobre el impacto de las medidas de austeridad
contenidas en los Memorándums de Entendimiento sobre condiciones de
políticas sectoriales financieras para hacer frente a la crisis económica y financiera
del euro, sobre los Derechos Fundamentales de los ciudadanos garantizados por
la Carta Europea de Derechos Fundamentales y otros instrumentos internacionales
de Derechos Humanos. En particular, se presta una particular atención a la
posición mantenida por el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea respecto a la
compatibilidad de la Carta de Derechos Fundamentales de la Unión Europea con
el contenido de los programas económicos establecidos en los Memorándums de
Entendimiento y especialmente, su aplicabilidad a las actuaciones de los Estados
miembros de la eurozona y de las Instituciones Europeas, llevadas a cabo en el
marco de la asistencia financiera del Tratado MEDE.
Ikerketa honetan bi alor landuko ditugu: euroaren krisi ekonomiko
nahiz finantzarioari aurre egiteko ezarri diren baldintza politiko sektorial finantzarioen
gaineko Harreman Memorandumetan jasotako zuhurtzia-neurriek izan
duten eragina, eta Oinarrizko Giza Eskubideen Gutun Europarrak nahiz giza eskubideen
inguruko bestelako nazioarteko instrumentuek herritarrei ziurtatzen dizkieten
oinarrizko eskubideak. Zehazki, Oinarrizko Giza Eskubideen Gutun Europarraren
eta Harreman Memorandumetan ezarritako programa ekonomikoaren arteko bateragarritasunari
buruz Europar Batasuneko Justizia Epaitegiak daukan jarrerari begiratuko
diogu, batez ere, euro-eremuko estatu kideek nahiz erakunde europarrek
Egonkortasunerako Mekanismo Europarraren Itunak dakarren laguntza finantzarioaren
alorreko egintzetan aplikagarri ote den ala ez daukan jarrerari erreparatuta.
This study deals with the impact on Fundamental Rights of citizens
guaranteed by the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights and others international
instruments of Human Rights, resulting from the implementation of strict austerity
measures contained in the Memorandum of Understandings on Specific Economic
Policy Conditionality to face the euro financial and economic crisis. In particular,
one of the issue deserving of close attention is the position of the European Court
of Justice about the compatibility of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights with
economic programmes established by the Memorandum of Understandings and
its applicability to the Eurozone member States and to the European Institutions
acting under the ESM Treaty.