bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological distress and lower health-related quality of life are associated with need for dietary support among colorectal cancer survivors with overweight or obesity
Authors: Ramp Dominique , Mols Floortje , Ezendam Nicole , Beijer Sandra , Bours Martijn , Winkels Renate , de Vries Jolanda , Seidell Jaap C. , Kampman Ellen , Hoedjes Meeke 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective
Two-third of colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors are overweight or obese. Psychological distress and low health-related quality of life (HRQoL) may be barriers to improving diet. We aimed to assess associations between psychological distress and HRQoL and the need for dietary support in CRC survivors with overweight or obesity.

Methods
All alive individuals diagnosed with CRC between 2000 and 2009, as registered by the Dutch population-based Eindhoven Cancer Registry, were eligible for participation and received a questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess associations between HRQoL (EORTC QLQ-C30), symptoms of anxiety and depression (HADS), and self-reported need for dietary support (single-item).

Results
A total of 1458 completed the questionnaire (response rate 82%), and 756 (43%) had a BMI of 25.0 or higher and complete data on “need for dietary support” and were included for analyses. BMI ranged between 25.0 and 60.6 (mean, 28.9; SD, 3.6). The majority (71.7%) was overweight (BMI ≥ 25), and 28.3% obese (BMI ≥ 30). Twenty-one percent reported a need for dietary support which was associated with more psychological distress and lower HRQoL. Those who experienced symptoms of anxiety or depression were more likely to report a need for dietary support (27.6% and 28.7%) than those who did not experience symptoms of anxiety (12.3%; OR 2.02; 95% CI 1.22–3.35) or depression (13.5%; OR 1.96; 95% CI 1.19–3.22).

Conclusions
Results suggest that psychological distress and lower HRQoL should be taken into account while promoting a healthy diet in overweight or obese CRC survivors since these factors may hinder adherence to a healthy diet.
Psychotherapeutisch Tätige geben Auskunft: Zur Entwicklung der Fähigkeit, die Orientierung von Praxis an Theorie narrativ darzustellen. Eine Pilotstudie aus dem Projekt TheoPrax
Authors: Strobl Bernadette , Datler Wilfried 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungVor dem Hintergrund allgemeiner Überlegungen zum Verhältnis von Disziplin und Profession sowie Theorie und Praxis wird von einer Pilotstudie des ForschungsprojektsTheoPraxberichtet. Es wurde untersucht, in welcher Qualität 24 psychoanalytisch ausgebildete Psychotherapeut*innen über die Orientierung ihrer Praxis an Theorie unter Bezugnahme auf eine konkrete Arbeitssituation präzise Auskunft geben können. Dazu kommen eine besondere Form des Interviews sowie ein spezielles Ratingverfahren zum Einsatz. Überdies wurden 27 Lehrer*innen interviewt. Ein Vergleich zeigt, dass die Qualität der narrativen Darstellungen der Psychotherapeut*innen deutlich höher ausfällt als die Qualität der narrativen Darstellungen der Lehrer*innen. Dies wird mit unterschiedlichen Aus- und Weiterbildungsstrukturen in Verbindung gebracht. Ein weiterer Vergleich mit den Ratings von Interviews, die mit Psychagog*innen geführt wurden, stützt diese Annahme. Ein Ausblick auf weitere Forschungsaktivitäten wird gegeben.
Making the climate crisis personal through a focus on human health
Authors: Limaye Vijay S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractClimate change–driven health impacts are serious, widespread, and costly. Importantly, such damages are largely absent from policy debates around the costs of delay and inaction on this crisis. While climate change is a global problem, its impacts are localized and personal, and there is growing demand for specific information on how climate change affects human health in different places. Existing research indicates that climate-fueled health problems are growing, and that investments in reducing carbon pollution and improving community resilience could help to avoid tens to hundreds of billions of dollars in climate-sensitive health impacts across the USA each year, including those stemming from extreme heat, air pollution, hurricanes, and wildfires. Science that explores the underappreciated local health impacts and health-related costs of climate change can enhance advocacy by demonstrating the need to both address the root causes of climate change and enhance climate resilience in vulnerable communities. The climate crisis has historically been predominantly conceived as a global environmental challenge; examination of climate impacts on public health enables researchers to localize this urgent problem for members of the public and policymakers. In turn, approaches to climate science that focus on health can make dangerous climate impacts and the need for cost-effective solutions more salient and tangible.
Creativity in students’ modelling competencies: conceptualisation and measurement
Authors: Lu Xiaoli , Kaiser Gabriele 
Published: June 2021

AbstractModelling competencies are currently included in numerous curricula worldwide and are generally accepted as a complex, process-oriented construct. Therefore, effective measurement should include multiple dimensions, like the sub-competencies required throughout the modelling process. Departing from the characteristics of modelling problems as open and often underdetermined real-world problems, we propose to enrich the current conceptualisation of mathematical modelling competencies by including creativity, which plays an important role in numerous phases of the mathematical modelling process but has scarcely been considered in modelling discourse. In the study described in this paper, a new instrument for the evaluation of this enriched construct has been developed and implemented. The modelling competencies incorporating creativity of the students were evaluated based on the adequacy of the models and the modelling processes proposed, and the appropriateness and completeness of the approaches were evaluated in detail. Adapting measurement approaches for creativity that have been developed in the problem-solving discourse, certain criteria of creativity were selected to evaluate the creativity of the students’ approaches in tackling modelling problems—namely, usefulness, fluency, and originality. The empirical study was conducted among 107 Chinese students at the upper secondary school level, who attended a modelling camp and independently solved three complex modelling problems. The results reveal significant correlations between fluency and originality in students’ performances across all tasks; however, the relationships between usefulness and the other two creativity aspects were not consistent. Overall, the results of the study support the importance of the inclusion of creativity in the construct of modelling competencies.
“There must be Someone’s Name Under Every Bit of Text, Even if it is Unimportant or Incorrect”: Plagiarism as a Learning Strategy
Authors: Bielska Beata , Rutkowski Mateusz 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe article offers analyses of the phenomenon of copying (plagiarism) in higher education. The analyses were based on a quantitative survey using questionnaires, conducted in 2019 at one of the Polish universities. Plagiarism is discussed here both as an element of the learning process and a subject of public practices. The article presents students’ definitions of plagiarism, their strategies for unclear or difficult situations, their experiences with plagiarism and their opinions on how serious and widespread this phenomenon is. Focusing on the non-plagiarism norm, that is the rule that students are not allowed to plagiarize, and in order to redefine it we have determined two strategies adopted by students. The first is withdrawing in fear of making a mistake (omitting the norm), which means not using referencing in unclear situations, e.g. when the data about the source of information are absent. The second is reducing the scope of the norm applicability (limiting the norm), characterized by the fact that there are areas where the non-plagiarism norm must be observed more closely and those where it is not so important, e.g. respondents classify works as credit-level and diploma-level texts, as in the credit-level work they “can” sometimes plagiarize since the detection rate is poor and consequences are not severe. The presented results are particularly significant for interpreting plagiarism in an international context (no uniform definition of plagiarism) and for policies aimed at limiting the scale of the phenomenon (plagiarism detection systems1).
Anisotropic transport properties of graphene-based conductor materials
Authors: Slawig Diana , Rizzi Leo , Rothe Tom , Schuster Jörg , Tegenkamp Christoph 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe analyzed nanographite-based materials in a combined study including experimental analysis via 4-point probe STM and simulation to provide a complete picture of microscopic and macroscopic properties of the material. The two- and three-dimensional transport regimes were determined and evaluated regarding the anisotropy of the conductivity. The experimental results yield the full macroscopic conductivity tensor. Microstructural simulations are used to map those macroscopic properties to the microscopic building blocks of the sample. By combining those two, we present a coherent and comprehensive description of the electrical material parameters across several length scales.
Potential implications of solar radiation modification for achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Honegger Matthias , Michaelowa Axel , Pan Jiahua 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSolar radiation modification, particularly stratospheric aerosol injection, holds the potential to reduce the impacts of climate change on sustainable development, yet could itself generate negative impacts and is subject to intense scholarly debate based on relatively little evidence. Based on expert elicitation involving over 30 individuals with backgrounds across the domains of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), we identify a broad range of potential implications of solar radiation modification for the SDGs. Depending on design and application scenarios, applications could potentially assist in the pursuit of several of the goals by limiting temperature rise and limiting acceleration in atmospheric water cycles as well as extreme weather events. However, by adding to particulates, introducing an additional layer of complexity and potential for conflict in global governance, as well as otherwise altering planetary environments, they might also detract from the pursuit of SDGs and introduce novel risks. The overall impact of solar radiation modification on sustainable development is currently highly uncertain and dependent on climate change mitigation pathways and governance. We identify key areas for further transdisciplinary research the pursuit of which might reduce some uncertainty and help inform emerging governance processes.
Handwriting versus keyboarding: Does writing modality affect quality of narratives written by beginning writers?
Authors: Spilling Eivor Finset , Rønneberg Vibeke , Rogne Wenke Mork , Roeser Jens , Torrance Mark 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTo date, there is no clear evidence to support choosing handwriting over keyboarding or vice versa as the modality children should use when they first learn to write. 102 Norwegian first-grade children from classrooms that used both electronic touchscreen keyboard on a digital tablet and pencil-and-paper for writing instruction wrote narratives in both modalities three months after starting school and were assessed on several literacy-related skills. The students’ texts were then analysed for a range of text features, and were rated holistically. Data were analysed using Bayesian methods. These permitted evaluation both of evidence in favour of a difference between modalities and of evidence in favour of there being no difference. We found moderate to strong evidence in favour of no difference between modalities. We also found moderate to strong evidence against modality effects being moderated by students’ literacy ability. Findings may be specific to students who are just starting to write, but suggest that for children at this stage of development writing performance is independent of modality.
Integration of microbial reductive dehalogenation with persulfate activation and oxidation (Bio-RD-PAO) for complete attenuation of organohalides
Authors: Wu Rifeng , Wang Shanquan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDue to the toxicity of bioaccumulative organohalides to human beings and ecosystems, a variety of biotic and abiotic remediation methods have been developed to remove organohalides from contaminated environments. Bioremediation employing organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRB)-mediated microbial reductive dehalogenation (Bio-RD) represents a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach to attenuate highly-halogenated organohalides, specifically organohalides in soil, sediment and other anoxic environments. Nonetheless, many factors severely restrict the implications of OHRB-based bioremediation, including incomplete dehalogenation, low abundance of OHRB and consequent low dechlorination activity. Recently, the development of in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) based on sulfate radicals (SO
4
·−
) via the persulfate activation and oxidation (PAO) process has attracted tremendous research interest for the remediation of lowly-halogenated organohalides due to its following advantages, e.g., complete attenuation, high reactivity and no selectivity to organohalides. Therefore, integration of OHRB-mediated Bio-RD and subsequent PAO (Bio-RD-PAO) may provide a promising solution to the remediation of organohalides. In this review, we first provide an overview of current progress in Bio-RD and PAO and compare their limitations and advantages. We then critically discuss the integration of Bio-RD and PAO (Bio-RD-PAO) for complete attenuation of organohalides and its prospects for future remediation applications. Overall, Bio-RD-PAO opens up opportunities for complete attenuation and consequent effective in situ remediation of persistent organohalide pollution.
Hunters who will not report illegal wolf killing: Self-policing or resistance with political overtones?
Authors: Skogen Ketil , von Essen Erica , Krange Olve 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIllegal killing of wildlife is challenging conservation efforts worldwide. Ecological research has shown that illegal killing is severely affecting the transboundary Swedish-Norwegian wolf population. A previous study indicated that unwillingness to report illegal killing of wolves among Swedish hunters contains an element of protest against perceived unjust treatment of hunting and hunters but that it could also simply be a reflection of ineffective law enforcement in the backcountry, driving hunters to effect forms of self-policing. Based on a survey of Norwegian hunters, the present research goes one step further. One in five hunters decline to report illegal wolf killings, and unwillingness to report is predicted by lack of trust in environmental institutions and a general anti-elite sentiment. Hunting-related issues and other factors also affect outcomes, but to a lesser degree. We conclude that unwillingness to report is often part of an oppositional stance related not only to wildlife management and conservation, but to contemporary social change in rural areas and perceived societal power relations. It is unlikely that reluctance to report is driven by frustration over inefficient official enforcement. While a political dimension is not always articulated, overlooking it may stoke conflicts and fortify a perception of unjust power relations.
On a Rigidity Problem of Beardon and Minda
Authors: Li Baokui , Wang Yuefei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we give a positive answer to a rigidity problem of maps on the Riemann sphere related to cross-ratios, posed by Beardon and Minda (Proc Am Math Soc 130(4):987–998, 2001). Our main results are: (I) Let $$E\not \subset {\hat{\mathbb {R}}}$$

E
⊄

R
^

be an arc or a circle. If a map $$f:{\hat{\mathbb {C}}}\mapsto {\hat{\mathbb {C}}}$$

f
:

C
^

↦

C
^

preserves cross-ratios in E, then f is a Möbius transformation when $${\bar{E}}\not =E$$

E

¯

≠
E

and f is a Möbius or conjugate Möbius transformation when $${\bar{E}}=E$$

E

¯

=
E

, where $${\bar{E}}=\{{\bar{z}}|z\in E\}$$

E

¯

=
{

z

¯

|
z
∈
E
}

. (II) Let $$E\subset {\hat{\mathbb {R}}}$$

E
⊂

R
^

be an arc satisfying the condition that the cardinal number $$\#(E\cap \{0,1,\infty \})<2$$

#
(
E
∩
{
0
,
1
,
∞
}
)
<
2

. If f preserves cross-ratios in E, then f is a Möbius or conjugate Möbius transformation. Examples are provided to show that the assumption $$\#(E\cap \{0,1,\infty \})<2$$

#
(
E
∩
{
0
,
1
,
∞
}
)
<
2

is necessary.
Trustworthy digital infrastructure for identity systems: why should privacy matter to security engineers?
Authors: Maple Carsten , Epiphaniou Gregory , Bottarelli Mirko 
Published: June 2021

Privacy and security have long been perceived as competing objectives, but they both exist in a state of tension within systems. Engineers may be tempted to consider security as essential, while privacy is a nice-to-have. Prof Carsten Maple, Dr Gregory Epiphaniou and Mirko Bottarelli of the University of Warwick and the Alan Turing Institute explain that, as applications and platforms gather ever more data, we need to move to a ‘privacy by design’ approach while implementing data protection mechanisms with existing security engineering methods. Privacy and security have long been perceived as competing objectives. For example, it is widely acknowledged that national security is often (and should often be) prioritised over any concerns for personal privacy. However, privacy and security are, more generally, in tension within cyber systems. This is most noticeably present in the design and operation of systems where information that can be used to determine and protect the security might have private and personal aspects.
Academic and post-secondary participation of students with ABI after the BrainSTEPS program
Authors: Riccardi Jessica Salley , Eagan-Johnson Brenda , Vaccaro Monica , Ciccia Angela H. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPurpose:To describe and analyze educational and post-high school participation of individuals who sustained an acquired brain injury (ABI) during childhood and participated in a state-wide school-based brain injury support program, BrainSTEPS in Pennsylvania (BrainSTEPS).Method:Retrospective analysis of programmatic information and data collected through electronic and phone surveys during a follow-up survey for a statewide, school-based, school consultation program for students with ABI.Participants:Caregivers reported on 190 individuals with ABI who participated in Pennsylvania’s BrainSTEPS Program.Results:Individuals post-ABI who participated in the BrainSTEPS were most likely to have experienced a mild ABI in high school due to sports. Post-injury, students were most likely to be enrolled in regular education, have graduated high school, pursued four-year college education and be attending post-secondary education and living with family. Additional significant relationships were not reported within the concussion or moderate-severe traumatic brain injury subgroups. Significant relationships for educational outcomes included higher likelihood of regular educational placement at the time of referral given an older grade at injury and regular educational placement before injury. For post-high school outcomes, a younger age at survey was associated with current attendance in post-secondary education, compared to other vocational options.Conclusions:Individuals with a history of ABI before school age and during primary and secondary education present with heterogeneous educational and post-high school outcomes. A greater breadth of measures of formal and informal educational and vocational supports and post-high school attainment should be implemented to accurately capture the needs and outcomes of these students to inform supports and services.
Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Disasters and Public Health Emergencies
Authors: Lu Sally , Christie Gordon A. , Nguyen Thanh T. , Freeman Jeffrey D. , Hsu Edbert B. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIndexed literature (from 2015 to 2020) on artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and machine learning algorithms (ML) pertaining to disasters and public health emergencies were reviewed. Search strategies were developed and conducted for PubMed and Compendex. Articles that met inclusion criteria were filtered iteratively by title followed by abstract review and full text review. Articles were organized to identify novel approaches and breadth of potential AI applications. A total of 1217 articles were initially retrieved by the search. Upon relevant title review, 1003 articles remained. Following abstract screening, 667 articles remained. Full text review for relevance yielded 202 articles. Articles that met inclusion criteria totaled 56 articles. Those identifying specific roles of AI and ML (17 articles) were grouped by topics highlighting utility of AI and ML in disaster and public health emergency contexts. Development and use of AI and ML have increased dramatically over the past few years. This review discusses and highlights potential contextual applications and limitations of AI and ML in disaster and public health emergency scenarios.
The provision of undergraduate clinical placements in ENT during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic – exploring patient perspectives on a variety of approaches
Authors: Patel B , Gera R , Lozidou A , Hannan S A , Saeed S R 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has greatly disrupted routine ENT services. Subsequently, universities have chosen to either augment or suspend clinical placements.ObjectiveThis study aimed to elicit patients’ perspectives toward various approaches to clinical placements in ENT during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.MethodsCross-sectional questionnaires were given to patients attending the ENT department for routine out-patient care. Responses were measured using a five-point Likert scale. Seventy-nine patients completed the survey.ResultsNinety-five per cent of respondents felt the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic had not reduced their comfort in interacting with medical students. Most participants reported being comfortable with students participating directly or remotely in their care, and with students having access to their anonymised data. Twenty-five per cent of participants stated that they are uncomfortable with consultations being recorded and shared for medical education purposes.ConclusionA number of approaches to clinical placements remain acceptable to patients. Educational leads should continue to offer placements in ENT that can incorporate direct or remote observation of consultations.