bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pyrolysis Treatment for Sludge and Animal Manures: Impact of Heating Rate
Authors: Kada Cheikh , Maache Mohamed , Kada Kada , Selim Osama M. , Youssef Mohamed Abdelaziz Sayed , Amano Ryoichi S. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the thermal degradation behavior of sludge and four types of animal manures (cow, chicken, horse, and sheep) under pyrolysis treatment at different heating rates. The sludge samples were subjected to varying heating rates to observe their impact on weight loss profiles, peaks, and enthalpy released. The results demonstrated distinct thermal events corresponding to the pyrolysis process, highlighting significant weight loss around specific temperature ranges. The findings indicate that the heating rate profoundly influences pyrolysis behavior, with higher heating rates resulting in decreased enthalpy release. This information is crucial for optimizing waste management processes. Cow manure released the most enthalpy among the samples, indicating a higher energy release during degradation. In contrast, sludge exhibited the highest thermal stability, requiring higher temperatures for its molecular degradation to commence and releasing the least enthalpy compared to the rest of the samples. These observations suggest that optimizing heating rates can enhance the efficiency of thermal waste management practices. The study provides valuable insights into the distinct thermal behaviors of different types of waste, emphasizing the importance of tailored pyrolysis treatments. By understanding each material's specific thermal degradation characteristics, more efficient and effective waste management strategies can be developed. This research underscores the potential for improving thermal treatment processes through careful control of heating rates, ultimately contributing to better resource utilization and environmental sustainability. The higher enthalpy release from cow manure and the thermal stability of sludge offer critical information for designing optimized pyrolysis protocols for various waste types, enhancing overall treatment efficiency.
Accurate phenotype-to-genotype mapping of high-diversity yeast libraries by heat-shock-electroporation (HEEL)
Authors: Wäneskog Marcus , Hoch-Schneider Emma Elise , Garg Shilpa , Kronborg Cantalapiedra Christian , Schäfer Elena , Krogh Jensen Michael , Damgaard Jensen Emil 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

High-throughput DNA transformation techniques are invaluable when generating high-diversity mutant libraries, a cornerstone of successful protein engineering. However, transformation efficiencies have a direct correlation with the probability of introducing multiple DNA molecules into each cell, although reliable library screenings require cells that contain a single unique genotype. Thus, transformation methods that yield a high multiplicity of transformations are unsuitable for high-diversity library screenings. Here, we describe an innovative yeast library transformation method that is both simple and highly efficient. Our dual heat-shock and electroporation approach (HEEL) creates high-quality DNA libraries by increasing the fraction of mono-transformed yeast cells from 20% to over 70% of all transformed cells, thus allowing for near-perfect phenotype-to-genotype associations. HEEL also allows more than 10
7
yeast cells per reaction to be transformed with a circular plasmid molecule, which corresponds to an almost 100-fold improvement compared with current yeast transformation methods. To further refine our library screening approach, we integrated an automated yeast genotyping workflow with a dual-barcode design that employs both a single nucleotide polymorphism and a high-diversity region. This design allows for robust identification and quantification of unique genotypes within a heterogeneous population using standard Sanger sequencing. Our findings demonstrate that the longstanding trade-off between the size and quality of transformed yeast libraries can be overcome. By employing the HEEL method, large DNA libraries can be transformed into yeast with high-efficiency, while maintaining high library quality, essential for successful mutant screenings. This advancement holds significant promise for the fields of molecular biology and protein engineering.

IMPORTANCE
With the recent expansion of artificial intelligence in the field of synthetic biology, there has never been a greater need for high-quality data and reliable measurements of phenotype-to-genotype relationships. However, one major obstacle to creating accurate computer-based models is the current abundance of low-quality phenotypic measurements originating from numerous high-throughput but low-resolution assays. Rather than increasing the quantity of measurements, new studies should aim to generate as accurate measurements as possible. The HEEL methodology presented here aims to address this issue by minimizing the problem of multi-plasmid uptake during high-throughput yeast DNA transformations, which leads to the creation of heterogeneous cellular genotypes. HEEL should enable highly accurate phenotype-to-genotype measurements going forward, which could be used to construct better computer-based models.
Genomes of nine cultured microbes from two hydrologically connected freshwater sites in Wellesley, MA
Authors: Behar Sasha , Zadvornaya Arina , Wren Elizabeth , Andreadis Marina , Tariq Ayesha , Tian Mary E. , Krishna Sachi , Keita Kadidia , Eich Helena , Enriquez Jennifer , Hansten Monterrozo Britany J. , Hyun Charlotte , Jenkins Kara L. , Parameswar Kavya , Top Malika M. , Waag Stella , Ryan M. Gray , Stein Ashley M. , Biller Steven J. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

We present the genomes of nine cultured microbes isolated from two freshwater sites in Wellesley, MA. The dataset is useful for exploring genomic diversity among freshwater taxa, including
Pedobacter
,
Pseudomonas
,
Rhodoferax
,
Rouxiella,
and
Flavobacterium
.
Complete genome sequence of
Chryseobacterium
sp. strain KCF3-3, isolated from the body surface of channel catfish,
Ictalurus punctatus
Authors: Kojima Miho , Tobioka Kaho , Okazaki Mika , Yokota Kiyonobu , Anggorowati Dien Arista , Nakatani Hajime , Hori Katsutoshi , Tamaru Yutaka , Okazaki Fumiyoshi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of
Chryseobacterium
sp. strain KCF3-3, isolated from the body surface of channel catfish,
Ictalurus punctatus
. The
de novo
assembly revealed a chromosome size of 5,623,437 bp with an estimated 4,939 open reading frames.
Complete genome sequence of
Lactiplantibacillus brownii
strain MH-1 isolated from Japanese traditional homemade pickled Chinese cabbage
Authors: Hashimoto Mina , Tanimoto Yoshihiko , Chen Yen Lin , Wada Takayuki , Kage-Nakadai Eriko 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Lactiplantibacillus brownii
was recently reported as a novel species. Here, we present the whole-genome sequence of
Lactiplantibacillus brownii
strain MH-1 isolated from homemade pickled Chinese cabbage in Japan. These genomic data have the potential to help clarify the role of
Lactiplantibacillus
species in fermented foods.
Torsional four-fermion interaction and the Raychaudhuri equation
Authors: Choudhury Shibendu Gupta , Maity Sagar Kumar , Lahiri Amitabha 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Intrinsic spin of fermions can generate torsion in spacetime. This torsion is a non-propagating field that can be integrated out, leaving an effective non-universal four-fermion interaction. This geometrical interaction affects fermions inside a matter distribution and can be expected to become stronger as the density grows. We investigate the role of this interaction in a gravitationally collapsing fermionic distribution, by considering a statistical average of the interaction term which incorporates the effect of mixed vector and axial currents. We consider a gravitationally collapsing distribution of massive fermions, ignoring other interactions. Using simplified yet reasonable assumptions, we establish that the contribution can be attractive or repulsive depending on how torsion couples with different chiralities. Also, the interaction starts to dominate as the collapse proceeds, accelerating or decelerating the collapse depending on the relative signs of the geometrical interaction between different species of fermions.
Dark matter influences on wormhole stability in de Rham–Gabadadze–Tolley like massive gravity
Authors: Kumar Jitendra , Maurya S. K. , Kiroriwal Sweeti 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The characteristics of wormhole models in the context of the de Rham–Gabadadze–Tolley-like massive gravity theory are examined in this article. Dark matter density profiles of Thomas Fermi and Einasto spike are used to find the wormhole shape functions. By exploiting these formed shape functions, we create a wormhole geometry that connects asymptotically flat regions of spacetime while fulfilling all necessary requirements. Through a comprehensive analytical and graphical investigation, we explore the characteristics of exotic matter in these wormhole structures and examine their material composition within the context of energy conditions. The volume integral quantifier is used to quantify the exotic matter. We also discuss the phenomena of the complexity factor for all wormhole models and conclude that it approaches zero for increasing values of the radial coordinate, indicating the homogeneity of the energy density and the isotropic behavior of the pressure. Moreover, the repulsive nature of these wormhole solutions, a critical characteristic for their possible traversability is revealed by our analysis of the anisotropy parameter.
Stability of compact stars in a uniform density background cloud
Authors: Singh Ksh. Newton , Maurya S. K. , Errehymy A. , Donmez O. , Myrzakulov K. , Smitha T. T. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We are discussing a scenario where a compact star (neutron star, NS) is embedded in a thin, uniform density background cloud (a remnant cloud after a supernova or a cloud generated from the late stages of a star e.g., a planetary nebula or asymptotic red giant phases) and its effect on the stability of the compact star. Due to the thin background cloud, the spacetime geometry is minimally deformed allowing us to employ the technique of minimal geometric decoupling (MGD). Assuming a uniform background cloud density simplifies the problem, and through the MGD method, one can take

$$\Theta ^t_t = \Theta > 0$$

Θ
t
t

=
Θ
>
0

, where

$$\Theta $$

Θ

is the density of the cloud. The background cloud interacts with the compact star through a coupling strength

$$\alpha $$

α

. By varying

$$\alpha $$

α

, one can tune the cloud density to analyze the stability of the embedded compact star. We found that for

$$\alpha < 3 \times 10^{-5}$$

α
<
3
×

10

-
5

, all the thermodynamic quantities are well-behaved, indicating a stable configuration. Once the coupling parameter exceeds

$$3 \times 10^{-5}$$

3
×

10

-
5

, the adiabatic index drops below

$$\Gamma _{\text {max}}'$$

Γ

max

′

, triggering a gravitational collapse. Beyond this limit of

$$\alpha $$

α

, the pressure and speed of sound also become non-physical. At the end, we have used the

$$M-R$$

M
-
R

curve generated from the solution to determine the radii of a few compact stars, namely PSR J1614-2230, PSR J0952-0607, GW190814, and GW200210. Furthermore, we have discussed the possibility of the secondary component of GW200210 i.e. the less massive compact object with an upper mass of

$$3.3M_\odot $$

3.3

M
⊙

, which may be a stellar black hole with a Schwarzschild radius

$$R_{\text {BH}} = 9.746$$

R
BH

=
9.746

km. However, if the mass is

$$2.83M_\odot $$

2.83

M
⊙

as observed, then its predicted minimum radius is 10.74 km, corresponding to

$$\alpha = 0$$

α
=
0

. This radius is far beyond

$$R_{\text {BH}} = 8.357$$

R
BH

=
8.357

km and therefore is most probably a massive NS in the mass gap.
Lepton flavor-violating Higgs decays mediated by ultralight gauge boson
Authors: Marín Marcela , Gaitán R. , Martinez R. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We present an analysis of the lepton-flavor violating decay of the Higgs boson mediated by an ultralight gauge boson,

$$\chi $$

χ

. Our analysis matches a model generating the lepton flavor-violating interaction

$$\bar{\ell }_i\ell _j\chi $$

ℓ

¯

i

ℓ
j

χ

at tree level with an effective field theory, safeguarding a physical massless

$$\chi $$

χ

-boson limit of the observables. By utilizing the upper bounds on

$$H\rightarrow \ell _i {\bar{\ell }}_j$$

H
→

ℓ
i

ℓ

¯

j

decays from CMS and ATLAS Collaborations, we establish an indirect upper limit on the nonstandard decay

$$H\rightarrow \ell _i {\bar{\ell }}_j\chi $$

H
→

ℓ
i

ℓ

¯

j

χ

. The analysis encompasses various observables such as the lepton energy spectrum, Dalitz plot distribution, and Lepton Charge and Forward-Backward Asymmetries.
The structure of the $$f_0(980)$$ from system size dependent hadronic resonance ratios in p + p, p + Pb, and Pb + Pb collisions at the LHC
Authors: Reichert Tom , Steinheimer Jan , Vovchenko Volodymyr , Herold Christoph , Limphirat Ayut , Bleicher Marcus 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
It is shown that the hadronic phase in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions can be used to understand the properties of the

$$f_0(980)$$

f
0

(
980
)

resonance. In particular it is shown that the centrality dependence of the

$$f_0(980)/\pi $$

f
0

(
980
)

/
π

and

$$f_0(980)/\phi $$

f
0

(
980
)

/
ϕ

ratios depends strongly on the

$$f_0(980)\rightarrow {\overline{K}}+K$$

f
0

(
980
)

→

K
¯

+
K

branching ratio and whether the

$$f_0(980)$$

f
0

(
980
)

is produced as a

$$\left| {\overline{q}}q \right\rangle $$

q
¯

q

or

$$\left| {\overline{s}}s \right\rangle $$

s
¯

s

state. These conclusions are drawn from calculations within the partial chemical equilibrium of the HRG model within Thermal-FIST as well as with the fully non-equilibrium hybrid-transport approach UrQMD. Our findings show how the hadronic phase in heavy ion collisions can be used for studies of exotic hadron properties otherwise possible only in dedicated experiments such as PANDA.
Raoul Gatto and Bruno Touschek’s joint legacy in the rise of electron–positron physics
Authors: Bonolis Luisa , Buccella Franco , Pancheri Giulia 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRaoul Gatto and Bruno Touschek’s collaboration in the establishment of electron–positron colliders as a fundamental discovery tool in particle physics will be illustrated. In particular, we will tell the little-known story of how Gatto and Touschek’s pioneering visions combined to provide the theoretical foundation for AdA, the first matter–antimatter collider, and how their friendship with Wolfgang Pauli and Gerhard Lüders was crucial to their understanding of the CPT theorem, the basis for AdA’s success. We will see how these two exceptional scientists shaped physics between Rome and Frascati, from the proposal to build AdA and soon after the larger machine ADONE in 1961, to the discovery of the $$J/\Psi $$

J
/
Ψ

particle in 1974. We will also highlight Gatto and Touschek’s contribution in mentoring an extraordinary cohort of students and collaborators whose work contributed to the renaissance of Italian theoretical physics after the Second World War and to the establishment of the Standard Model of particle physics.
Efficient and Green Large Language Models for Software Engineering: Vision and the Road Ahead
Authors: Shi Jieke , Yang Zhou , Lo David 
Published: December 2024

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently shown remarkable capabilities in various software engineering tasks, spurring the rapid growth of the Large Language Models for Software Engineering (LLM4SE) area. However, limited attention has been paid to developing efficient LLM4SE techniques that demand minimal computational cost, time, and memory resources, as well as green LLM4SE solutions that reduce energy consumption, water usage, and carbon emissions.
This paper aims to redirect the focus of the research community towards the efficiency and greenness of LLM4SE, while also sharing potential research directions to achieve this goal. It commences with a brief overview of the significance of LLM4SE and highlights the need for efficient and green LLM4SE solutions. Subsequently, the paper presents a vision for a future where efficient and green LLM4SE revolutionizes the LLM-based software engineering tool landscape, benefiting various stakeholders, including industry, individual practitioners, and society. The paper then delineates a roadmap for future research, outlining specific research paths and potential solutions for the research community to pursue. While not intended to be a definitive guide, the paper aims to inspire further progress, with the ultimate goal of establishing efficient and green LLM4SE as a central element in the future of software engineering.
Mental Health Nurses’ Knowledge of Metabolic Syndrome: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Lien Hsien-Chih , Chiang Kai-Jo , Feng Hsin-Pei , Lin Chia-Huei , Chang Yue-Cune , Tzeng Wen-Chii 
Published: December 2024

Background: Adequate knowledge of the metabolic syndrome is essential for mental health nurses as it enhances their ability to recognize and address the physical needs of individuals diagnosed with serious mental illnesses.Aims: This study investigated the factors influencing the level of metabolic syndrome knowledge among mental health nurses.Methods: A cross‐sectional study was conducted with 208 mental health nurses recruited from four hospitals in northern Taiwan, including two regional hospitals, one medical center, and one mental health hospital. Nurses’ knowledge was assessed using a validated 20‐item self‐administered questionnaire covering key aspects of metabolic syndrome, including pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria, and management. The questionnaire demonstrated satisfactory reliability (KR‐20 = 0.702) and content validity. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, independent t‐tests, one‐way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficient, and generalized linear models to identify predictors of knowledge levels.Results: The overall correct answer rate was 60.1%. Generalized linear modeling demonstrated that nurses’ knowledge was significantly associated with their sources of information (B = 1.371, 95% CI = 0.458–2.285, p = 0.003), the type of hospital they worked in (B = −1.027, 95% CI = −2.015 to −0.039, p = 0.042), and working in a community unit (B = 1.975, 95% CI = 0.067–3.883, p = 0.042).Conclusions: Our results indicate that mental health nurses possessed a moderate level of knowledge concerning metabolic syndrome in people diagnosed with serious mental illness. Addressing this gap requires targeted education programs that integrate physical health education into psychiatric care and promote the use of diverse, evidence‐based resources tailored to the specific needs of mental health nurses in different settings. Organizational efforts should focus on fostering a supportive culture that enhances access to high‐quality resources, encourages interdisciplinary collaboration, and supports continuous professional development.
Mangiferin and EGCG Compounds Fight Against Hyperlipidemia by Promoting FFA Oxidation via AMPK/PPARα
Authors: Xu Yahui , Zhang Jie , Zhang Ting , Zi Minghui , Zhang Qiao 
Published: December 2024

Background: Hyperlipidemia is a critical risk factor for obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and other chronic diseases. Our study was to determine the effects and mechanism of mangiferin (MF) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) compounds on improving hyperlipidemia in HepG2 cells.Methods: HepG2 cells were treated with 0.25 mM palmitic acid (PA) and then incubated with MF (12.5, 25, and 50 μM) or EGCG (25, 50, and 100 μM) or MF:EGCG (0:0, 6.25:12.5, 25:50, and 50:100 μM:μM) for 24 h. The improvement of hyperlipidemia was verified by Oil Red O staining, changes in triglyceride (TG) and free fatty acid (FFA) levels, and the expression of lipid metabolizing proteins in western blotting.Results: MF (12.5, 25, and 50 μM) or EGCG (25, 50, and 100 μM) markedly lowered lipid accumulations by lipid index levels. Furthermore, we found that the optimum concentration of MF and EGCG compounds was 25:50 (μM:μM), which significantly reduced the FFA level, TG, and total cholesterol (TC) accumulations and increased FFA uptake in HepG2 cells, and the effect was better than that of single phytochemicals. The adenosine 5 ′‐monophosphate (AMP)‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) protein and its downstream proteins sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor α (PPARα), and those involved in fatty acid translocase (CD36) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) were also markedly increased in HepG2 cells. The upregulation of protein expression was reversed when AMPK‐specific inhibitor Compound C was added.Conclusions: MF and EGCG (25:50 μM) compounds protect against hyperlipidemia by promoting the FFA oxidation, alleviating TG and TC accumulations via the AMPK/PPARα pathway in PA‐treated HepG2 cells.
Lumbar Facet Joint Radiofrequency Ablation With a 3‐Tined Cannula: A Technical Report and Observational Study
Authors: Künzle Andrea , Kuijk Sander M. J. van , Koetsier Eva 
Published: December 2024

Background: Lumbar facet joints are the source of pain in 15%–41% of individuals experiencing low back pain (LBP). Conventional lumbar facet radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has Level II evidence for improving pain and function. The best proven technique, the parallel technique, is technically challenging, time‐consuming, and often uncomfortable for the patient. A novel RFA technique using a 3‐tined cannula offers a potentially less complex and shorter procedure.Objectives: To describe the novel lumbar facet joint RFA technique with the 3‐tined cannula and to evaluate its efficacy in treating chronic lumbar facet joint pain.Methods: Eligible adult patients with chronic lumbar facet joint pain, confirmed by positive medial branch blocks (MBBs), refractory to conservative treatment, received the novel RFA treatment with the 3‐tined cannula. The change in pain intensity at 2 months follow‐up compared to baseline, percentage of patients reporting a ≥ 30% and ≥ 50% reduction of pain intensity, patient global impression of change (PGIC), need for pain medication, walking ability, sleep quality, and patient satisfaction were evaluated.Results: A total of 44 patients were included. Patients experienced a clinically meaningful and significant pain relief at follow‐up and 41% of the patients reported ≥ 50% reduction of pain. Forty‐eight percent experienced at least a score of “much improved” on the PGIC. No severe side effects or complications were observed.Conclusions: Our observational study suggests that lumbar facet joint RFA using the novel technique achieves significant pain relief. The larger lesions decrease the likelihood of missing the target nerve while obviating the need to conduct numerous lesions. Limiting is the single‐center set‐up with a relatively short‐term follow‐up duration. Randomized controlled clinical trials are warranted to confirm the efficacy of the novel RFA technique to treat lumbar facet joint pain.