bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technology and its role in supporting Tuberculosis treatment adherence
Authors: Kale Era Dorihi , Pandin Moses Glorino Rumambo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Compliance with TB treatment has now become a problem that must be handled seriously because the high non-adherence rate will give a bad contribution to the success of TB treatment, including MDR-TB and also morbidity and mortality. Many innovations have been made to improve TB treatment adherence, one of which is using mobile-based technology. This article aims to explore the effectiveness of the technology used to improve treatment adherence in TB patients: types, ways of working, advantages, and limitations of each application. This is a systematic review through searching 3 databases, namely Scopus, WoS, and Science Direct. Some of the advantages in applying technology to improve TB treatment adherence are easy to use if you understand how to operate tools/applications are cost-effective because they reduce transportation costs in reaching remote areas or in conditions of transportation difficulties such as after a disaster, the use of this technology provides patient satisfaction in treatment and facilitates the involvement of the family/support system in the treatment of patients. Several things must be considered (limitations) of the technology to be used, including experts, patient knowledge and skills, economic condition, electricity availability, and whether the technology used will not increase the burden on patients related to the stigma of TB disease. We can conclude that the use of technology is indeed very good in supporting the improvement of TB treatment adherence, but the selection of this application must pay attention to the characteristics of the population as well as the advantages and limitations of each application.
Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) Reduces Depression-Related Self- Referential Processing In Patients With Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Stalmeier Thalia D.M. , Lubbers Jelle , Cladder-Micus Mira B. , Hanssen Imke , Huijbers Marloes J. , Speckens Anne E.M. , Geurts Dirk E.M. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Negative self-referential processing has fruitfully been studied in unipolar depressed patients, but remarkably less in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). This study examines the relation between task-based self-referential processing and depressive symptoms in BD and their possible importance to the working mechanism of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) for BD.Methods: The study population consisted of a subsample of patients with BD (n = 49) participating in an RCT of MBCT for BD, who were assigned to MBCT+TAU (n = 23) or treatment as usual (TAU) (n = 26). Patients performed the self-referential encoding task (SRET), which measures (1) positive and (2) negative attributions to oneself as well as (3) negative self-referential memory bias, before and after MBCT. Results: At baseline all three SRET measures were significantly related to depressive symptoms in patients with BD. Moreover, repeated measures analyses of variance revealed that negative self-referential memory bias diminished over time in the MBCT+TAU group, compared with the TAU group. Conclusions: Task-based self-referential processing is related to depressive symptoms in BD. Moreover, the negative self-referential memory bias was specifically amenable to change through MBCT. Future research should explore the possibly mediating role of reduction of negative self-referential memory bias in preventing and treating depressive symptoms in BD through MBCT.
K-means Based Soil Classification System Applicable to a Brazilian Mineral Province
Authors: Coelho Pablo dos Santos Cardoso , Nogueira Gustavo Henrique , Sala Leonardo Alberto , Santos Tatiana Barreto 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This article presents a geotechnical soil classification system proposed for application on soils of a tropical mineral province, located in Minas Gerais state, Brazil. The system was constructed using data mining techniques, i.e., principal component analysis and k-means cluster analysis, which were applied to a dataset composed of 101 geotechnical characterization laboratory test results of soils from the Province of Quadrilátero Ferrífero. The main objective of the proposed soil classification method was to establish a regional soil classification system, which encompass the interpretability of the main geotechnical parameters of soils by means of the classification, given the little explanatory capacity of the Unified Soil Classification System classification system for the performance of such task. It was possible to establish a chart for soil classification capable of explaining 81.68% of the variability of the analyzed parameters, being established the soil classes A, B and C for the studied soils.
Anatomic Rotational Relationship of Distal Femur in Indian Population and its Implication in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Based Study
Authors: Raja Balgovind S , Gupta Kshitij , Singh Sukhmin , V Abdusamad , Nongdamba Hawaibam , Jain Aakash Prakash 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background

Bony landmarks for referencing distal femoral rotation may differ with ethnic populations. The study aims to find out the relationship of the bony landmarks of distal femur for rotational alignment of femoral component in total knee arthroplasty in Indian population and compare it with other ethnic groups.
Methods

Rotational relationship of distal femoral bony landmarks was studied using magnetic resonance images of 141 knees. The condylar twist angle (CTA), Whiteside's-posterior condylar axis angle (WL/PCL), Whiteside's-anatomical epicondylar angle (WL/A-EA) and difference between the two epicondylar axes (S-EA/A-EA) were measured. The effect of gender, side and age of these relationships was analyzed.
Results

The mean CTA, WL/A-EA/WL/PCL and A-EA/S-EA was found to be 5.59 ± 2°, 89.38 ± 2.66°, 5.44 ± 2.88°, 3.11 ± 0.54° respectively. A-EA/S-EA was found to be lower in younger population as compared to the older population. Rest none of the variables showed any significant difference when compared against age, sex or side.
Conclusion

The posterior condylar axis was 5.59˚ externally rotated in relation to clinical epicondylar axis. About 2.5° of added external rotation is required in jigs using the conventional 3° of inbuilt external rotation, if clinical epicondylar axis is taken as reference for apt placement of the femoral component.
Modeling Emissions Sources and Characterization in a Dense Low-Income Township Near Industrial Zones and Mine Dumps (Case of Tsakane, South Africa).
Authors: Singo Shonisani , Mulopo Jean 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The sources of pollution in Tsakane township, which is situated within the City of Ekurhuleni in the province of Gauteng, South Africa, are investigated in this paper. The City of Ekurhuleni has the most industrial activities reported on South Africa's National Atmospheric Emission Inventory System (NAEIS), accounting for 40% of all listed activities in the country. The problem of suburban air pollution in South Africa is mainly associated with dense low-income areas like townships. The aim of this paper was to investigate atmospheric concentration correlation parameters, emissions roses, and probability modelling functions in order to analyse and classify significant emission sources affecting the township. Sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and PM10 were the focus of the investigation. The probability functions for identifying and characterizing unknown or hidden sources of pollution were developed using hourly data. Furthermore, K-clustering algorithm analysis technique was used to provide graphical context for sources. PM10, ozone, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide have all been identified as having directional pollution sources that are problematic and the results provide baseline data for a detailed understanding of current emission levels and possible sources.
Researching a machine learning algorithm for a face recognition system
Authors: Yevseiev Serhii , Goloskokova Anna , Shmatko Olexander 
Published: December 2021

This article investigated the problem of using machine learning algorithms to recognize and identify a user in a video sequence.
The scientific novelty lies in the proposed improved Viola-Jones method, which will allow more efficient and faster recognition of a person's face.
The practical value of the results obtained in the work is determined by the possibility of using the proposed method to create systems for human face recognition.
A review of existing methods of face recognition, their main characteristics, architecture and features was carried out. Based on the study of methods and algorithms for finding faces in images, the Viola-Jones method, wavelet transform and the method of principal components were chosen. These methods are among the best in terms of the ratio of recognition efficiency and work speed. Possible modifications of the Viola-Jones method are presented.
The main contribution presented in this article is an experimental study of the impact of various types of noise and the improvement of company security through the development of a computer system for recognizing and identifying users in a video sequence.
During the study, the following tasks were solved:
– a model of face recognition is proposed, that is, the system automatically detects a person's face in the image (scanned photos or video materials);
– an algorithm for analyzing a face is proposed, that is, a representation of a person's face in the form of 68 modal points;
– an algorithm for creating a digital fingerprint of a face, which converts the results of facial analysis into a digital code;
– development of a match search module, that is, the module compares the faceprint with the database until a match is found
Morphological and chemical characterization of secondary carbonates in the Toki granite, central Japan, and the evolution of fluid chemistry
Authors: Yuguchi Takashi , Hatsukawa Haruka , Suzuki Satoshi , Imura Takumi , Motai Satoko , Nakashima Kazuo , Nishiyama Tadao 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study describes the: (1) morphological nature of the calcites in the Toki granite, central Japan; (2) the difference in chemical compositions in terms of morphological classification; and (3) the identification of the stages of calcite formation and the corresponding mass transfer between minerals and fluid owing to hydrothermal alterations and groundwater-rock interactions, which reveals the sequential variations in fluid chemistry during the sub-solidus stage. Calcites in the Toki granite were classified into four types: (1) lenticular calcite in the chloritized biotite; (2) granular calcite in the altered plagioclase; (3) intergranular calcite; and (4) fracture-filling calcite. The lenticular, granular, and intergranular calcites contain greater amounts of iron, manganese, and magnesium than fracture-filling calcites. The lenticular calcite in the chloritized biotite, granular calcite in the altered plagioclase, and intergranular calcite formed due to the precipitation of calcium, iron, manganese, and magnesium released from biotite and plagioclase owing to hydrothermal alterations. The fracture-filling calcites formed at a later stage than the lenticular, granular, and intergranular forms. In the hydrothermal fluid, the concentrations of aluminum, iron, manganese, and magnesium gradually decrease, and the concentration of calcium gradually increases as the alteration proceeds. The chemical characteristics of the fluid at the late stage of hydrothermal alteration and those of the subsequent groundwater are consistent with those of fracture-filling calcites, indicating that the fracture-filling calcites precipitated from the fluid at a late stage of hydrothermal alterations and then from the groundwater. Elements released from biotite and plagioclase owing to hydrothermal alterations were incorporated into and fastened to the calcite. Therefore, the calcites influenced the sequential variations in fluid chemistry during the sub-solidus stage.
Dispute about the Nature of Law
Authors: Maksymov Sergiy 
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the conditions for a dialogue between Western and post-Soviet philosophy and theory of law on the nature of law (in terms of the first), or understanding of law (in terms of the second), which would create an opportunity for the organic inclusion of the “dispute about the nature of law” elements in the context of the discussion and solving issues relevant to the post-Soviet philosophy of law, including the shift of emphasis from the theoretical to the practical aspect of the problem of the nature of law.
The research begins with a general description of the peculiarities of the “discourse of legal thinking (understanding of law)” inherent in post-Soviet jurisprudence and the identification of ontological and analytical criteria for classifying the types of understanding of law (natural law, positivist, sociological) as the basis for further convergence of post-Soviet and Western experience of understanding of law.
Further, the meaning of the concept of validity of law in its social, moral and legal varieties for understanding the nature of law in general and the corresponding types of such understanding are revealed.
In the final part, attention is drawn to the practical aspects of the study of the nature of law, carried out in the context of “extraordinary cases” existing on the verge of law and un-law. Further analysis reveals the methodological possibilities of comprehending the concept of law through the correlation with the counter-concept of “un-law” using examples: post-Soviet discussions about the relationship between law and statute, legal and non-legal law; Hegel’s concept of right and non-right; contemporary non-positivist approach by Robert Alexy in accordance with the criterion of the “limiting border” of law according to the Radbruch formula.
The conclusions summarize the provisions on the general and distinctive features of the “discourse of the nature of law” and “discourse of understanding of law”, determine the prospects for their rapprochement.
Autonomy, (No)human Rights, Illusions, and Expectations in the Digital Age
Authors: Razmetaeva Yulia 
Published: December 2021

The article focuses on issues of autonomy, simplification and polarization, illusions and expectations in the digital age. The analysis is based on two trends: (1) frustration and loss of illusions about fundamental values ​such as human rights, justice and the rule of law; (2) immersion in artificial, illusory worlds that create a misperception of reality in private and public spheres of life (this is especially evident in the digital space). The article highlights how both trends are associated with deep injustice and blatant «non-law», as well as almost invisible attacks on justice and the disappearance of law.
It is established that the uncertainty and unpredictability of the consequences of many actions in the digital environment, as well as the use of digital tools are rather subtle attacks on autonomy and justice. At the same time, autonomy is threatened by direct and indirect influence of various actors, which leads to simplification of perception, polarization of thoughts, radicalization of views and actions of individuals and groups.
The degree of freedom that individuals have today could be difficult to determine or they would have a misconception about how free they are in their actions, thoughts, and choices. Falsely secure illusory worlds, digital identity, information asymmetry, significant imbalance between the interests of the main beneficiaries of digital technologies and their consumers – all this undermines the human capacity for free judgment and free choice and strengthens disbelief in law, including its key elements, especially, human rights.
Dialectical Approach to Legal Arguing and Legal Argumentation
Authors: Dudash Tamara 
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to legal argumentation, namely to its research by dialectical approach. The aim of the article is to determine characteristic features of dialectical approach to legal argumentation.
Dialectical approach to the research of legal argumentation should include philosophical, theoretical, empirical components. Philosophical component of legal argumentation research consists in the critical conception of rationality i.e. the philosophical axiomatic idea about rationality of legal argumentation, which is systematically tested within discourse or critical discussion. Dialectical theoretical model of legal argumentation ensures mutual acceptability of legal argumentation by the parties. Dialectical approach deals with legal argumentation mainly in the “context of justification.” Dialectical approach to legal arguing implies specific standard of soundness of the argumentation – acceptability standard. Empirical component of legal argumentation includes reconstruction of argumentation and its weighting (analytic component) as well as analysis of particular legal reasoning (practical component). Dialectical approach highlights hermeneutical nature of legal reasoning.
Dialectical approach to legal argumentation lets us assume some ontological issues concerning legal argumentation. Legal argumentation is considered as the form of rational communication of particular persons to reach mutual acceptability of legally important conclusions within the procedure of discussion. Legal argumentation is the result of such impact embodied in acceptability of legally binding issues within the procedure of rational discussion.
Sex, Digital Devices, Social Media, and Social Isolation: A Study on Sexual Behavioral During COVID -19 Pandemic
Authors: Melca Isabela A. , Nardi Antonio E. , Gonçalves Lucio L. , Ferreira Rachel M. , de Padua Mariana S. K. Lins , King Anna L. S. 
Published: December 2021

Introduction:
Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has caused social and economic damages. People have adapted to a new reality of physical distance.

Objective:
The study aimed to assess the use of digital devices and social media, focusing on psychosocial and demographic factors of people´s sexual behavior during the pandemic.

Methods:
A total of 1,357 Brazilian adults participated in a cross-sectional online survey. They were recruited through social media to obtain information regarding sexual behavior and the use of digital devices and social media.

Results:
Digital devices and social media were used by 38.8% of the participants. Among the group that used technological devices, most claimed to have changed their sexual behavior, with 76.9% consuming more sexual content through movies or series.

Conclusion:
In a smaller group, technological resources appeared as an alternative for safer sex, reducing the risks of COVID-19 transmission.
Reseña del libro Urdimbre de la Imagen. Aportes para la enseñanza de la historia de Carlos A. Flórez López (2020)
Authors: Flórez López Jesús Alfonso 
Published: December 2021

Recientemente, fue publicado el texto titulado Urdimbre de la imagen, aportes para la enseñanza de la historia, de autoría de Carlos A Flórez López, el cual nos sumerge en el laberinto de la trama histórica de Colombia.
La pregunta que guía su elaboración es la pedagogía para el aprendizaje de la historia. Esto quiere decir que no es un debate sobre el concepto mismo de historia, sino sobre cómo se realiza la aproximación a esta para entender los hechos o acontecimientos pasados.
Ese interrogante pretende ser resuelto mediante la historia cultural, con lo que el objeto referencial para el conocimiento de la historia, mas no único, es la imagen anclada en el concepto matriz de símbolo. Este abordaje atrae la atención tanto del lector próximo de este objeto de estudio como de aquel que es absolutamente ajeno a la temática de la historia, cuya representación más simple y que repele en muchos casos es la de la cronología y personajes descontextualizados que nos induce al trabajo memorístico...
A Critical Analysis of Calculations of Current Expected Credit Losses (CECL) at Dynamic Corporation
Authors: Barone Gerhard J. , McNellis Casey J. , Premuroso Ronald 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
In 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued a standards update on current expected credit losses (Accounting Standards Update 2016-13; FASB Codification® Topic 326). While the update does not change the debits and credits associated with current expected credit losses (CECL), it does significantly change the calculations associated with estimates of current expected credit losses. Additionally, given that most textbooks simply provide inputs for the calculations associated with estimates of current expected credit losses, most accounting curricula do not cover the most important changes found in the update. This case provides students with a hypothetical situation in which to analyze and understand these issues. Specifically, the case requires students to critically analyze a series of current expected credit loss calculations, research authoritative guidance, and conclude regarding the appropriateness of the calculations of the actors in the case. Results indicate that students perceive significant practical learning opportunities from the case.
Hereditary Colorectal Cancer and Polyposis Syndromes
Authors: Guillem Jose G. , Ammori John B 
Published: December 2021

The majority of cases of inherited colorectal cancer (CRC) are accounted for by two syndromes: Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). In the management of FAP, the role of prophylactic surgery is clearly defined, although the optimal procedure for an individual patient depends on a number of factors. In the management of Lynch syndrome, the indications for prophylactic procedures are emerging. The authors address the clinical evaluation, investigation findings, medical and surgical therapy, and extracolonic diseases of FAP, attenuated form of FAP (AFAP), MYH-associated polyposis, Lynch syndrome, familial colorectal cancer type X (FCCTX), hyperplastic polyposis syndrome, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, and juvenile polyposis syndrome. AFAP has been described that is associated with fewer adenomas and later development of CRC compared with classic FAP. The AFAP phenotype occurs in less than 10% of FAP patients. The clinical criteria for AFAP are no family members with more than 100 adenomas before the age of 30 years and (1) at least two patients with 10 to 99 adenomas at age over 30 years or (2) one patient with 10 to 99 adenomas at age over 30 years and a first-degree relative with CRC with few adenomas. Given that polyposis has a later onset and the risk of CRC is less well established in AFAP, some authors question whether prophylactic colectomy is necessary in all AFAP patients.

This review contains 26 tables and 173 references
Keywords: Colorectal cancer, Lynch syndrome, hyperplastic polyp, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, juvenile polyposis syndrome, familial adenomatous polyposis