bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enzyme‐Nanozyme Cascade Flow Reactor Synergy with Deep Learning for Differentiation and Point‐of‐Care Testing of Multiple Organophosphorus Pesticides
Authors: Bai Yujiao , Nie Shun , Gao Wenqing , Li Nianqiang , Zhu Peihua , Zhang Lina , Yu Jinghua 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCombining nanotechnology with biocatalysts, the construction of a cascade continuous flow reactor is a cutting‐edge strategy to enhance the stability and efficiency of catalysis. In this study, C60@MOF‐545‐Fe nanozyme is synthesized by utilizing fullerene (C60) as a guest encapsulated inside a metal‐organic framework (MOF‐545‐Fe), the unique host‐guest interaction optimizes the oxidase (OXD)‐ and peroxidase (POD)‐like activities, based on which a cascading catalytic strategy is proposed without external energy input. Simultaneously, C60@MOF‐545‐Fe offers the potential to effectively flow at the nanoscale through its unique nanostructure cavity and spatially confined environment. Therefore, the AChE/C60@MOF‐545‐Fe enzyme‐nanozyme continuous flow reactor is constructed by combining C60@MOF‐545‐Fe with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) through supramolecular interactions. Notably, the reactor not only achieves the simultaneous detection of glyphosate, omethoate, and paraoxon but also efficiently differentiates these three organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) by applying the differences in the responses of the three array channels. Subsequently, a portable platform is developed utilizing the YOLO v5‐OPs model based on deep learning, enabling the direct output fitting equation through terminals to achieve rapid point‐of‐care testing (POCT) of OPs. This work not only provides a promising strategy for hazard detection systems but also opens up new avenues for the design of technologies based on flow reactors.
Oral Lactoferrin‐Responsive Formulation Anchoring around Inflammatory Bowel Region for IBD Therapy
Authors: Yang Jinfan , Shang Ning , Li Zhengqing , Xu Ji , Zhou Xin , Zhou Hui , Luo Wen , Xu Peng , Zhou Yucheng , Sheng Xueru , Zhu Zheng , Zhang Mingzhen , Ma Xiaobin , Tan Mingqian , Wu Hao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOral formulation is the ideal treatment method for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) therapy, but the mucosal damage and diarrhea symptoms impede the drug retention around the inflammatory region, severely limiting IBD therapeutic efficacy. To address this, an oral astaxanthin (Ast) precise delivery formulation is developed with the selective Ast anchoring around the inflammatory region by the novel lactoferrin (LF)‐responsive flocculation. This formulation also heightens the apparent solubility of Ast with the minimized edible safety risks for the edible raw materials. For in vivo IBD therapy, the precise delivery formulation exhibits remarkable outcomes, including a significant increase in colon length and a 100% survival rate. Furthermore, it is verified that the mechanism of treatment is primarily attributed to the improved immunoregulation, epithelial repair, and gut microbiota remodeling after the LF‐responsive flocculation. This effective inflammatory‐responsive delivery design is instructive and valuable to develop more precise delivery systems for IBD therapy.
Microfluidics‐Driven Manufacturing and Multiscale Analytical Characterization of Nanoparticle‐Vesicle Hybrids
Authors: Cardellini Jacopo , Normak Karl , Gerlt Michael , Makasewicz Katarzyna , Seiffert Charlotte , Capasso Palmiero Umberto , Ye Suiying , González Gómez Manuel A. , Piñero Yolanda , Rivas José , Bongiovanni Antonella , Bergese Paolo , Arosio Paolo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCoating synthetic nanoparticles (NPs) with lipid membranes is a promising approach to enhance the performance of nanomaterials in various biological applications, including therapeutic delivery to target organs. Current methods for achieving this coating often rely on bulk approaches which can result in low efficiency and poor reproducibility. Continuous processes coupled with quality control represent an attractive strategy to manufacture products with consistent attributes and high yields. Here, this concept is implemented by developing an acoustic microfluidic device together with an analytical platform to prepare nanoparticle‐vesicle hybrids and quantitatively characterize the nanoparticle coverage using fluorescence‐based techniques at different levels of resolution. With this approach polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) nanoparticles are successfully coated with liposomes and extracellular vesicles (EVs), achieving a high encapsulation efficiency of 70%. Moreover, the approach enables the identification of design rules to control the efficiency of encapsulation by tuning various operational parameters and material properties, including buffer composition, nanoparticle/vesicle ratio, and vesicle rigidity.
NIR‐Light Activable 3D Printed Platform Nanoarchitectured with Electrospun Plasmonic Filaments for On Demand Treatment of Infected Wounds
Authors: Rybak Daniel , Du Jingtao , Nakielski Paweł , Rinoldi Chiara , Kosik‐Kozioł Alicja , Zakrzewska Anna , Wu Haoyang , Li Jing , Li Xiaoran , Yu Yunlong , Ding Bin , Pierini Filippo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBacterial infections can lead to severe complications that adversely affect wound healing. Thus, the development of effective wound dressings has become a major focus in the biomedical field, as current solutions remain insufficient for treating complex, particularly chronic wounds. Designing an optimal environment for healing and tissue regeneration is essential. This study aims to optimize a multi‐functional 3D printed hydrogel for infected wounds. A dexamethasone (DMX)‐loaded electrospun mat, incorporated with gold nanorods (AuNRs), is structured into short filaments (SFs). The SFs are 3D printed into gelatine methacrylate (GelMA) and sodium alginate (SA) scaffold. The photo‐responsive AuNRs within SFs significantly enhanced DXM release when exposed to near‐infrared (NIR) light. The material exhibits excellent photothermal properties, biocompatibility, and antibacterial activity under NIR irradiation, effectively eliminating Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in vitro. In vivo, material combined with NIR light treatment facilitate infectes wound healing, killing S. aureus bacteria, reduced inflammation, and induced vascularization. The final materials’ shape can be adjusted to the skin defect, release the anti‐inflammatory DXM on‐demand, provide antimicrobial protection, and accelerate the healing of chronic wounds.
Computational Modeling of Reticular Materials: The Past, the Present, and the Future
Authors: Temmerman Wim , Goeminne Ruben , Rawat Kuber Singh , Van Speybroeck Veronique 
Published: December 2024

AbstractReticular materials rely on a unique building concept where inorganic and organic building units are stitched together giving access to an almost limitless number of structured ordered porous materials. Given the versatility of chemical elements, underlying nets, and topologies, reticular materials provide a unique platform to design materials for timely technological applications. Reticular materials have now found their way in important societal applications, like carbon capture to address climate change, water harvesting to extract atmospheric moisture in arid environments, and clean energy applications. Combining predictions from computational materials chemistry with advanced experimental characterization and synthesis procedures unlocks a design strategy to synthesize new materials with the desired properties and functions. Within this review, the current status of modeling reticular materials is addressed and supplemented with topical examples highlighting the necessity of advanced molecular modeling to design materials for technological applications. This review is structured as a templated molecular modeling study starting from the molecular structure of a realistic material towards the prediction of properties and functions of the materials. At the end, the authors provide their perspective on the past, present of future in modeling reticular materials and formulate open challenges to inspire future model and method developments.
Noble‐Metal‐Free Cocatalysts Reinforcing Hole Consumption for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution with Ultrahigh Apparent Quantum Efficiency
Authors: Feng Yajie , Gong Shaokuan , Wang Yang , Ban Chaogang , Qu Xianlin , Ma Jiangping , Duan Youyu , Lin Chi , Yu Danmei , Xia Lu , Chen Xihan , Tao Xiaoping , Gan Liyong , Zhou Xiaoyuan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAchieving efficient and sustainable hydrogen production through photocatalysis is highly promising yet remains a significant challenge, especially when replacing costly noble metals with more abundant alternatives. Conversion efficiency with noble‐metal‐free alternatives is frequently limited by high charge recombination rates, mainly due to the sluggish transfer and inefficient consumption of photo‐generated holes. To address these challenges, a rational design of noble‐metal‐free cocatalysts as oxidative sites is reported to facilitate hole consumption, leading to markedly increased H2 yield rates without relying on expensive noble metals. By integrating femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy with in situ characterizations and theoretical calculations, the rapid hole consumption is compellingly confirmed, which in turn promotes the effective separation and migration of photo‐generated carriers. The optimized catalyst delivers an impressive photocatalytic H2 yield rate of 57.84 mmol gcat−1 h−1, coupled with an ultrahigh apparent quantum efficiency reaching up to 65.8%. Additionally, a flow‐type quartz microreactor is assembled using the optimal catalyst thin film, which achieves a notable H2 yield efficiency of 0.102 mL min−1 and maintains high stability over 1260 min of continuous operation. The strategy of reinforcing hole consumption through noble‐metal‐free cocatalysts establishes a promising pathway for scalable and economically viable solar H2 production.
Adjusting Cell‐Surface Interactions Through a Covalent Immobilization of Biomolecules
Authors: Shakibania Sara , Biggs Manus J. P. , Krukiewicz Katarzyna 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDevelopment of multifunctional, bio‐active surfaces has become a major focus of biomedical engineering in the last decade. By using physicochemical surface modification technique, it is possible to equip biomedical surfaces with numerous properties, including enhanced cell proliferation and adhesion, as well as antibacterial or anti‐inflammatory effects. Principally, this has been achieved through surface functionalization with biochemistries to elicit specific biological functions. With respect to biochemical functionalization, both the substrate and the immobilization method can affect the performance of immobilized biomolecules, influencing their stability and activity. Covalent immobilization, particularly, is a favorable strategy to form long‐lasting biomedical coatings with versatile biological activity stable over time. This review combines an overview of current and emerging immobilization techniques coupled with an in‐depth investigation of the underlying mechanisms governing the activity and stability of covalently immobilized biomolecules. By dissecting the intricate interplay between immobilized biomolecules, cellular interactions, and functional outcomes, this study addresses a pivotal knowledge gap and presents an indispensable guide for the development of tailored biofunctionalized surfaces in the realm of biomedical engineering.
Borophene‐Based Ultrasensitive and Broadband Photodetectors
Authors: Abdi Yaser , Eskandari Alireza , Alavi Zahra , Khamsavi Anousha , Etminan Mahsa , Zahedi Mobina , Taleb Masoud , Talebi Nahid 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPhotodetectors based on vertical junctions between 2D materials and silicon offer enhanced sensitivity, reduced size, and better integrability with other systems. In these detectors, 2D materials are typically grown on metallic crystalline substrates and then transferred onto silicon to form a van der Waals junction between the 2D and silicon. In this work, χ3‐phase borophene is directly grown on single‐crystal silicon wafers, resulting in excellent Schottky junctions between borophene and silicon. This approach eliminates impurities often introduced during the transfer process, which is commonly performed using polymethyl methacrylate, ensuring a smooth fabrication process and a reliable electrical junction. Optoelectronic measurements of the borophene‐based detector on n‐type silicon demonstrate high sensitivity, reaching several amps per watt across a wide wavelength range from ultraviolet to infrared. This sensitivity is approximately ten times higher than that of detectors fabricated by transferring 2D materials onto silicon. Additionally, the response times of the fabricated detector are measured at 35 µs for the rise time and 225 µs for the fall time. These exceptional results are attributed to the superior junction formed through direct borophene growth on silicon, paving the way for advanced photodetectors with enhanced light–matter interaction efficiency in integrated silicon‐based circuits and technologies.
Efficient Charge Generation Assistant Layer for Tandem Organic Light Emitting Diodes Using Ytterbium–Silver Alloy
Authors: Kang Sung‐Cheon , Choi Eun‐young , Kim Hyo‐Bin , Kim Kanghoon , Shin Min‐Kyung , Kim Yong‐Sang , Song Jang‐Kun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTandem organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) are an innovative and promising technology aimed at enhancing the luminance and extending the lifespan of OLED applications. A significant challenge in their development lies in achieving high‐performance charge‐generation layers (CGLs). In this study, the use of a yetterbium‐silver (Yb:Ag) alloy is proposed as an assistant layer within the CGL to improve the injection of generated electrons into the electron transport layer (ETL). This enhancement is confirmed through capacitance–voltage measurements and work function analysis. Moreover, the Yb:Ag layer exhibits exceptional optical transmittance and surface uniformity. Tandem devices fabricated with the Yb:Ag alloy assistant layer exhibited a significant reduction in operating voltage, approximately halving it compared to tandem devices without a metal assistant layer. This resulted in a 2.13‐fold increase in luminous efficiency and a 1.07‐fold improvement in power efficiency compared to a single‐unit device. Thus, the integration of a Yb–Ag alloy as a CGL assistant layer is a promising strategy for improving the performance and viability of tandem OLED technologies, underscoring its potential impact on next‐generation displays and lighting applications.
Full‐Color, Wide Field‐of‐View Metalens Imaging via Deep Learning
Authors: Dong Yunxi , Zheng Bowen , Yang Fan , Tang Hong , Zhao Huan , Huang Yi , Gu Tian , Hu Juejun , Zhang Hualiang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractChromatic aberration has been the main showstopper for metalenses when it comes to imaging applications with broadband sources such as ambient light. In wide field‐of‐view metalenses, this challenge becomes far more severe due to exacerbated lateral chromatic aberrations. In this paper, it is demonstrated, for the first time, full‐color wide field‐of‐view imaging using a fisheye metalens coupled with deep learning computational processing. This approach is capable of restoring panoramic images with enhanced signal‐to‐noise ratio while effectively correcting chromatic aberration, distortion, and vignetting. Furthermore, it is shown that the deep learning algorithm is robust against various lighting conditions and object distances, making it a versatile solution for practical imaging applications involving wide field‐of‐view metalenses.
Hybrid Silicon All‐Optical Switching Devices Integrated with 2D Material
Authors: Yamashita Daiki , Fang Nan , Fujii Shun , Kato Yuichiro K. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHybrid all‐optical switching devices that combine silicon nanocavities and 2D semiconductor materials are proposed and demonstrated. By exploiting the refractive index modulation caused by photo‐induced carriers in the 2D material instead of the silicon substrate, the switching speed limitation imposed by the carrier lifetime of silicon is overcome while maintaining a low switching energy. Air‐mode photonic crystal nanobeam cavities capable of efficient interaction with 2D materials are fabricated, and molybdenum ditelluride, a 2D material with rapid carrier recombination, is transferred onto the cavities. The molybdenum ditelluride flake is excited by an optical pump pulse to shift the resonant wavelength of the cavity for switching operation. All‐optical switching operations are achieved on the time scale of tens of picoseconds while requiring low switching energies of a few hundred femtojoules.
Indirect In Situ Oxidization of Metallic Nanoparticles for a High‐Performance Broadband Transparent Detector by Plasmonic and Pyro‐Phototronic Coupling
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Tai , Vo Thi Sanh , Kumar Naveen , Patel Malkeshkumar , Lee Junghyun , Choi Chanhyuk , Nguyen Ha Trang , Yun Juhyung , Park JinJoo , Kim Joondong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNear‐infrared (NIR) photodetectors are valuable technological devices with numerous uses, and transforming opaque NIR photodetectors into transparent ones will aid in the development of invisible interfaces for the rapidly emerging technology of human–computer interactions. However, transparent NIR photodetectors typically suffer from considerable optical loss, which reduces the device sensitivity. The current study enhances the trade‐off between the transparency and sensitivity of NIR photodetectors by investigating the pyro‐phototronic effect, which is accomplished using an ITO/Ag‐Ag(O)/ZnO/NiO/AgNWs design. The design has a see‐through feature with a visible light transmittance of 62.1%. An ultrathin Ag‐Ag(O) layer absorbs NIR light, generating 476% more photocurrent because of the ZnO layer's pyroelectric effect. The pyro‐phototronic effect allows ITO/Ag‐Ag(O)/ZnO/NiO/AgNWs to be responsive to diverse NIR intensities with a response time of 0.18 ms. The metallic–semiconductor mixed‐phase properties of the Ag‐Ag(O) combination are produced by indirectly oxidizing embedded Ag nanostructures by adding oxygen during the ZnO layer development. The approach exploits the plasmonic effect of Ag nanoparticles, which improves the photothermal utilization of the ZnO layer, resulting in a stronger pyro‐phototronic response at shorter wavelengths. Transparent sensors with high sensitivity and broadband operation would advance image processing and human augmentation.
Constructing Chiral Core–Shell–Satellite Superstructures for Highly Efficient Antenna–Reactor Hot Electron Generation
Authors: Wang Le , Geng Tiepei , Hu Ningneng , Li Hao , Wang Kaiyu , Hao Lishuai , Ni Weihai 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn hot electron (HE)‐driven photocatalysis, plasmonic metal nanocrystals with small size, or even nanoclusters, are preferrable. Antenna–reactor mechanism has been utilized to further boost the photocatalytic performance of the small reactor nanoparticles. The construction of a metal–semiconductor–metal core–shell–satellite (CSS) superstructure is demonstrated for highly efficient HE generation of the entire CSS architecture, where a mesoporous TiO2 (mTiO2) shell spatially separates the Au nanohelicoid (AuNH) antenna core and Au nanocluster (AuNC) reactor satellites. Individual AuNH@mTiO2@AuNC CSS superstructures are optically characterized using dark field scattering and circular differential scattering spectroscopies. The HE and circular differential HE photocurrent responses of the CSS superstructures are measured using a photoelectrochemical cell, where 12.4‐ and 8.3‐fold enhancements are respectively achieved with respect to that of the AuNHs. Electromagnetic simulations reveal that the contribution from the satellites with a small accumulative volume is almost equal to that from the core. Therefore, the specific‐volume HE rate of the satellites exhibit a high amplification ratio, 350, with respect to that of the core, being attributed to the antenna–reactor mechanism in the CSS architecture. Key factors are optimized, which includes small size of the plasmonic satellites, E‐field enhancement, and mesoporous semiconductor shell for efficient separation and collection of hot carriers.
Unlocking Near 100% PLQY: The Impact of Post‐Treatment on Emission Efficiency of Mn2+: CsPbCl3 Nanocrystals
Authors: Fei Liling , Yang Lin , Li Peng , Ma Jiangang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMn2+ doped CsPbCl3 nanocrystals (Mn2+:CsPbCl3 NCs) show immense promise in lighting and display technologies owing to their outstanding optical characteristics. Nonetheless, high defect density, inefficient Mn2+ doping, and poor structural robustness pose considerable challenges in the synthesis of Mn2+:CsPbCl3 NCs with high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and long‐term stability. This study introduces an eco‐friendly room‐temperature post‐treatment method utilizing MgCl2/oleylamine solution, boosting the total PLQY of the NCs from 65% to 98%, including a 30% increase for Mn2+ emission. Additionally, the post‐treatment significantly improves the NCs’ resilience against UV light, retaining 80% of their initial PL intensity after 120 hours of UV exposure. Comprehensive analyses including density functional theory simulation and temperature‐dependent PL spectra suggested that the PLQY enhancement is due to the improved Mn2+ doping efficiency and the effective passivation of native vacancy defects. The stability of the NCs is enhanced by replacing Pb2+ with Mg2+ and Mn2+, mitigating lattice distortions within the [PbCl6]4− octahedral framework. The color rendering index of white light‐emitting diodes fabricated with the post‐treated Mn2+:CsPbCl3 NCs achieves an exceptional value of 98. This work offers novel insights into the fabrication of high‐PLQY Mn2+:CsPbCl3 NCs, advancing the practical deployment of perovskite nanomaterials in various industries.
Addressing Thermal Stability Challenges in Top‐Emission OLEDs: The Role of Buffer Layer in Preventing Pixel Shrinkage
Authors: Ok Seung Ju , Le Thi Na , Son Ji Hee , Song Seung Yong , Suh Min Chul 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study introduces a strategic buffer layer approach to mitigate thermal‐induced pixel shrinkage in top‐emission organic light‐emitting diodes (TEOLEDs), enhancing both thermal stability and efficiency. A new cathode composed of binary alloy from silver (Ag) and copper (Cu) is developed for their moderately high binding energy, improving film uniformity and boosting optical and electrical performance. High surface energy metals, aluminum (Al) and Cu are employed as buffer layers to regulate the growth mechanism, resulting in an exceptionally smooth cathode film. The optimal device is designed by incorporating a bilayer electron injection layer consisting of lithium fluoride (LiF) and ytterbium (Yb) along with the buffer layer. The TEOLEDs achieved an impressive efficiency of 178 cd A−1 and luminance of 247,000 cd m−2 while demonstrating superior thermal stability, with the absence of cathode shrinkage after 240 h at 85 °C. This stability is attributed to the suppression of thermal diffusion and aggregation, facilitated by the high surface energy buffer layer and innovative cathode compositions employed.