bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technical Note: Histological validation of anatomical imaging for breast modeling using a novel cryo‐microtome
Authors: Sen Anando , Fowlkes Natalie W. , Kingsley Charles V. , Kulp Adam M. , Huynh Thomas , Willis Brandy J. , Brewer Savannah Kari J. , Bordes Mary Catherine A. , Hwang Ken‐Pin , McCulloch Molly M. , Stafford Roger Jason , Contreras Alejandro , Reece Gregory , Brock Kristy K. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPurposePrecise correlation between three‐dimensional (3D) imaging and histology can aid biomechanical modeling of the breast. We develop a framework to register ex vivo images to histology using a novel cryo‐fluorescence tomography (CFT) device.MethodsA formalin‐fixed cadaveric breast specimen, including chest wall, was subjected to high‐resolution magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The specimen was then frozen and embedded in an optimal cutting temperature (OCT) compound. The OCT block was placed in a CFT device with an overhead camera and 50 μm thick slices were successively shaved off the block. After each shaving, the block‐face was photographed. At select locations including connective/adipose tissue, muscle, skin, and fibroglandular tissue, 20 μm sections were transferred onto cryogenic tape for manual hematoxylin and eosin staining, histological assessment, and image capture. A 3D white‐light image was automatically reconstructed from the photographs by aligning fiducial markers embedded in the OCT block. The 3D MR image, 3D white‐light image, and photomicrographs were rigidly registered. Target registration errors (TREs) were computed based on 10 pairs of points marked at fibroglandular intersections. The overall MR‐histology registration was used to compare the MR intensities at tissue extraction sites with a one‐way analysis of variance.ResultsThe MR image to CFT‐captured white‐light image registration achieved a mean TRE of 0.73 ± 0.25 mm (less than the 1 mm MR slice resolution). The block‐face white‐light image and block‐face photomicrograph registration showed visually indistinguishable alignment of anatomical structures and tissue boundaries. The MR intensities at the four tissue sites identified from histology differed significantly (p < 0.01). Each tissue pair, except the skin‐connective/adipose tissue pair, also had significantly different MR intensities (p < 0.01).ConclusionsFine sectioning in a highly controlled imaging/sectioning environment enables accurate registration between the MR image and histology. Statistically significant differences in MR signal intensities between histological tissues are indicators for the specificity of correlation between MRI and histology.
Vertical vibration of piles with square cross‐section
Authors: Qu Liming , Yang Changwei , Ding Xuanming , Kouroussis Georges , Yuan Cheng 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe paper presents an approximate solution to axial dynamic impedance calculation for group of square piles. Firstly, dynamic responses of the single pile‐soil system are derived on the basis of Hamilton's energy principle and variation analysis. Then, the effects of square cross section on the pile‐soil interaction are examined through the combination of theoretical deduction and numerical simulation. The vertical soil vibration around a square pile is found to be dependent on wave propagation directions in the near field (two times less than the side length of square pile). As the radial distance off pile axis increases, the soil vibration tends to be independent on propagation directions. Through superposition principle, the dynamic impedance of square pile group is calculated. This study could provide a reference to the problems with how the non‐circular piles interplay with soil on vibration.
Ultra‐thin GaAs solar cells with nanophotonic metal‐dielectric diffraction gratings fabricated with displacement Talbot lithography
Authors: Sayre Larkin , Camarillo Abad Eduardo , Pearce Phoebe , Chausse Pierre , Coulon Pierre‐Marie , Shields Philip , Johnson Andrew , Hirst Louise C. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractUltra‐thin photovoltaics enable lightweight flexible form factors, suitable for emerging terrestrial applications such as electric vehicle integration. These devices also exhibit intrinsic radiation tolerance and increased specific power and so are uniquely enabling for space power applications, offering longer missions in hostile environments and reduced launch costs. In this work, a GaAs solar cell with an 80‐nm absorber is developed with short circuit current exceeding the single pass limit. Integrated light management is employed to compensate for increased photon transmission inherent to ultra‐thin absorbers, and efficiency enhancement of 68% over a planar on‐wafer equivalent is demonstrated. This is achieved using a wafer‐scale technique, displacement Talbot lithography, to fabricate a rear surface nanophotonic grating. Optical simulations definitively confirm Fabry‐Perot and waveguide mode contributions to the observed increase in absorption and also demonstrate a pathway to short circuit current of 26 mA/cm2, well in excess of the double pass limit.
Barrier function based finite‐time tracking control for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems with input saturation
Authors: Zhang Xinyu , Li Hui , Li Gun , Kang Junjie , Zhu Zheng H. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this article, a novel robust finite‐time tracking control scheme is proposed for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems subject to the model uncertainty, external disturbance, and input saturation. A barrier function based disturbance observer (BFDO) with finite‐time convergence performance is developed to estimate the non‐smooth nonlinear compound disturbance, which includes the uncertainty, disturbance of system and input saturation. In addition, an adaptive continuous nonsingular terminal sliding mode controller, based on the barrier function and the estimate of the BFDO is developed. The Lyapunov stability and finite‐time convergence of the proposed control scheme are proved. The effectiveness and performance advantage of the proposed control scheme is demonstrated by numerical simulations and comparison with existing works.
Concurrent and Selective Determination of Dopamine and Serotonin with Flexible WS2/Graphene/Polyimide Electrode Using Cold Plasma
Authors: Kim Hyeong‐U , Koyappayil Aneesh , Seok Hyunho , Aydin Kubra , Kim Changmin , Park Kyu‐Young , Jeon Nari , Kang Woo Seok , Lee Min‐Ho , Kim Taesung 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMakers of point‐of‐care devices and wearable diagnostics prefer flexible electrodes over conventional electrodes. In this study, a flexible electrode platform is introduced with a WS2/graphene heterostructure on polyimide (WGP) for the concurrent and selective determination of dopamine and serotonin. The WGP is fabricated directly via plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) at 150 °C on a flexible polyimide substrate. Owing to the limitations of existing fabrication methods from physical transfer or hydrothermal methods, many studies are not conducted despite excellent graphene‐based heterostructures. The PECVD synthesis method can provide an innovative WS2/graphene heterostructure of uniform quality and sufficient size (4 in.). This unique heterostructure affords excellent electrical conductivity in graphene and numerous electrochemically active sites in WS2. A large number of uniform qualities of WGP electrodes show reproducible and highly sensitive electrochemical results. The synergistic effect enabled well‐separated voltammetric signals for dopamine and serotonin with a potential gap of 188 mV. Moreover, the practical application of the flexible sensor is successfully evaluated by using artificial cerebrospinal fluid.
Clinical findings associated with N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide measurement in dogs and cats attending first opinion veterinary practices
Authors: O'Shaughnessy Sarah , Crawford India , Arsevska Elena , Singleton David , Hughes David , Noble Peter‐John , Hezzell Melanie 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundClinical findings associated with N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) measurement in dogs and cats in primary practice, and their relevance to published measurement indications, have not been described.MethodsUsing electronic health record data collected by the Small Animal Veterinary Surveillance Network, appointments in which NT‐proBNP was measured were identified using keyword‐based text filtering. For these appointments, clinical findings were manually identified from each patient's clinical narrative (CN) and their frequencies described.ResultsCNs of 3510 appointments (357 dogs and 257 cats) from 99practices were evaluated. The most frequently recorded clinical findings in dogs were: heart murmur (n = 147, 41.2% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 36.1%–46.3%), coughing (n = 83, 23.2% (95% CI = 18.8%–27.6%)) and panting (n = 58, 16.2% (95% CI = 12.4%–20.0%)) and in cats: heart murmur (n = 143, 55.6% (95% CI = 49.5%–61.7%)), suspected thromboembolism (n = 88, 34.2% (95% CI = 28.4%–40.0%)) and weight loss (n = 53, 20.6% (95% CI = 15.7%–25.5%)). Dyspnoea and tachypnoea were infrequently reported in dogs (n = 29, 8.1% (95% CI = 5.3%–10.9%) and n = 21, 5.9% (95% CI = 3.5%–8.3%), respectively) and cats (n = 26, 10.1% (95% CI = 6.4%–13.8%) and n = 36, 14.0% (95% CI = 9.8%–18.2%), respectively).ConclusionClinical findings referable to cardiac disease were recorded contemporaneously with NT‐proBNP measurement and suggested both published and other indications (coughing (in dogs and cats), and serial measurements and thromboembolism (in cats)) for testing.
Consciousness and cognition in plants
Authors: Segundo‐Ortin Miguel , Calvo Paco 
Published: September 2021

AbstractUnlike animal behavior, behavior in plants is traditionally assumed to be completely determined either genetically or environmentally. Under this assumption, plants are usually considered to be noncognitive organisms. This view nonetheless clashes with a growing body of empirical research that shows that many sophisticated cognitive capabilities traditionally assumed to be exclusive to animals are exhibited by plants too. Yet, if plants can be considered cognitive, even in a minimal sense, can they also be considered conscious? Some authors defend that the quest for plant consciousness is worth pursuing, under the premise that sentience can play a role in facilitating plant's sophisticated behavior. The goal of this article is not to provide a positive argument for plant cognition and consciousness, but to invite a constructive, empirically informed debate about it. After reviewing the empirical literature concerning plant cognition, we introduce the reader to the emerging field of plant neurobiology. Research on plant electrical and chemical signaling can help shed light into the biological bases for plant sentience. To conclude, we shall present a series of approaches to scientifically investigate plant consciousness. In sum, we invite the reader to consider the idea that if consciousness boils down to some form of biological adaptation, we should not exclude a priori the possibility that plants have evolved their own phenomenal experience of the world.This article is categorized under:
Cognitive Biology > Evolutionary Roots of Cognition
Philosophy > Consciousness
Neuroscience > Cognition
Argus: A centralized control system for preserving privacy during digital forensics investigations
Authors: Sim Junsik , Joo Moonho , Lee Junghee 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn criminal investigation, the ability to verify the identity of an individual (e.g., suspect or witness) is crucial. However, evidence including personal data can potentially infringe the individual's privacy. To avoid privacy infringement, data collectors in investigative agencies are required to have approval to access personal data from data subjects, but it is hard to check personal data policies of various data subjects. It is necessary to establish a centralized system to control personal data policies. In this paper, we propose the personal data control center to avoid to infringe privacy for data collectors during investigation.This article is categorized under:
Digital and Multimedia Science > Cybercrime Investigation
A highly sensitive and selective fluorescent probe for tracking hydrogen sulfide in red wine
Authors: Zhang Lina , Luo Sen , Chen Zhehong , Cui Linyun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA novel fluorescent H2S probe (LODNBS) composed of 2,4‐dinitrobenzenesulfonyl (DNBS) units was designed and synthesized. The DNBS units not only blocked PET and ICT effects, but also triggered H2S‐mediated thiolysis to cause the fluorescence changes. Probe LODNBS performed excellent sensitivity and selectivity for H2S, strong fluorescence enhancement (65‐fold), low detection limit (72 nM) and real‐time response (within 5 min). The sensing mechanism of LODNBS towards H2S was proposed and verified by ESI‐MS and 1H NMR analysis. Under a UV lamp, the fluorescence color changes could be easily detected by the naked eye. In addition, the probe LODNBS could track H2S in red wine samples with high accuracy and good recovery, and has practical value in food analysis.
Aspects of compactification on a linear dilaton background
Authors: Antoniadis I. , Markou C. , Rondeau F. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We consider the most general Kaluza-Klein (KK) compactification on S1/ℤ2 of a five dimensional (5D) graviton-dilaton system, with a non-vanishing dilaton background varying linearly along the fifth dimension. We show that this background produces a Higgs mechanism for the KK vector coming from the 5D metric, which becomes massive by absorbing the string frame radion. The $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 minimal supersymmetric extension of this model, recently built as the holographic dual of Little String Theory, is then reinvestigated. An analogous mechanism can be considered for the 4D vector coming from the (universal) 5D Kalb-Ramond two-form. Packaging the two massive vectors into a spin-3/2 massive multiplet, it is shown that the massless spectrum arranges into a $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1, D = 4 supersymmetric theory. This projection is compatible with an orbifold which preserves half of the original supersymmetries already preserved by the background. The description of the partial breaking $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 → $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 in this framework, with only vector multiplets and no hypermultiplets, remains an interesting open question which deserves further investigation.
Multi-scalar signature of self-interacting dark matter in the NMSSM and beyond
Authors: Li Jinmian , Pei Junle , Zhang Cong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This work studies the self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) scenario in the general NMSSM and beyond, where the dark matter is a Majorana fermion and the force mediator is a scalar boson. An improved analytical expression for the dark matter (DM) self-interacting cross section which takes into account the Born level effects is proposed. Due to the large couplings and light mediator in SIDM scenario, the DM/mediator will go through multiple branchings if they are produced with high energy. Based on the Monte Carlo simulation of the showers in the DM sector, we obtain the multiplicities and the spectra of the DM/mediator from the Higgsino production and decay at the LHC for our benchmark points.
Dark bubbles and black holes
Authors: Banerjee Souvik , Danielsson Ulf , Giri Suvendu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this paper we study shells of matter and black holes on the expanding bubbles realizing de Sitter space, that were proposed in [4]. We construct explicit solutions for a rigid shell of matter as well as black hole like solutions. The latter of these can also be used to construct Randall-Sundrum braneworld black holes in four dimensions.
Holographic Fermi surfaces in charge density wave from D2-D8
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Subir , Rai Nishal 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
D2-D8 model admits a numerical solution that corresponds to a charge density wave and a spin density wave. Considering that as the background, we numerically solve the Dirac equation for probe fermions. From the solution, we obtain the Green’s function and study the behaviour of the spectral density. We begin with generic fermions and have studied the formation of the Fermi surface and where it develops a gap. In addition, we have incorporated an ionic lattice and study its effect on the Fermi surface. Then we analysed the worldvolume fermions. In this particular model we do not find Fermi surface for the dual operators.
Intraoperative Indocyanine Green Angiography of Parathyroid Glands and the Prevention of Post‐Thyroidectomy Hypocalcemia
Authors: Moreno Llorente Pablo , García Barrasa Arantxa , Francos Martínez José Manuel , Alberich Prats Marta , Pascua Solé Mireia 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe compared the reliability of indocyanine green (ICG) angiography and intraoperative PTH levels for predicting early post‐thyroidectomy hypocalcemia.MethodsProspective study of 94 patients (71% women, mean age 53.7 years) undergoing total thyroidectomy. An ICG score of 2 (white) indicated a well‐vascularized gland. PTH preoperative levels—PTH postresection levels divided by preoperative PTH × 100 was used to determine the PTH decline percentage. A decrease of at least 62.5% or <17.1 pg/mL in ioPTH was the criterion for predicting hypocalcemia.ResultsAt surgery, the four parathyroid glands were identified in 50 (53.2%) patients and <4 glands in 44. Calcium supplements were needed by 22 patients (23.4%) postoperatively, 11 patients in each group of 4 and <4 parathyroid glands identified. The diagnostic accuracy of ICG angiography (0.883, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.800–0.940) and ioPTH (0.862, 95% CI 0.775–0.92) was similar. When all four parathyroid glands were identified, ICG angiography showed a slightly higher diagnostic accuracy, specificity and positive predictive than ioPTH levels, but when < 4 glands were identified, the ioPTH showed a slightly higher diagnostic accuracy, specificity and positive predictive value. Differences were not statistically significant for any of the comparisons.ConclusionsThe presence of one well‐perfused parathyroid gland (ICG score 2) using ICG angiography or ioPTH decline, measured before and after completion of thyroid surgery, is both reliable methods in prediction of early post‐thyroidectomy hypocalcemia independently of the number of glands identified intraoperatively.
Eleutheroside K Isolated from Acanthopanax henryi (Oliv.) Harms Inhibits the Expression of Virulence-Related Exoproteins in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Li Qian-Qian , Luo Jiao , Liu Xiang-Qian , Kang Ok-Hwa , Kwon Dong-Yeul 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (S.) aureus (MRSA) is a representative pathogen that produces numerous virulence factors involving manifold cytotoxins and exotoxins. The present study was designed to investigate the influence of Eleutheroside K (ETSK), a single compound isolated from the leaves of Acanthopanax (A.) henryi (Oliv.) Harms, on the exotoxins secreted by MRSA. The transcription and translation of the exotoxins (α-hemolysin and staphylococcal enterotoxins) related to virulence in S. aureus were determined via quantitative RT-PCR and western blot analysis. The effect of ETSK on the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α was evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. As a result, ETSK at sub-MIC concentrations could reduce the protein expression of α-hemolysin and enterotoxin, and the expression of genes that regulate virulence factors was also inhibited. In addition, the TNF-inducing activity of S. aureus was attenuated by ETSK in a dose-dependent manner. These results revealed that ETSK not only reduced the protein and gene expression levels of related exotoxins but also suppressed the ability of S. aureus to induce macrophages to release cytokines. This study indicated that the inhibition of MRSA infection by ETSK may be achieved by reducing the virulence of S. aureus and highlighted the potential of ETSK as an innovative strategy for the prevention and treatment of MRSA infections.
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the rate of newly diagnosed gynecological and breast cancers: a tertiary center perspective
Authors: Knoll Katharina , Reiser Elisabeth , Leitner Katharina , Kögl Johanna , Ebner Christoph , Marth Christian , Tsibulak Irina 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of postponed screening examinations and lockdown measures on gynecological and breast cancer diagnoses throughout the year 2020 in a gynecological oncological center in Austria.

Methods
Data of 889 patients with either newly diagnosed gynecological or breast cancer between January 2019 and December 2020 were collected. Clinical parameters including symptoms, performance status, comorbidities and referral status were compared in patients, who were newly diagnosed with cancer in the period of the first lockdown from March 2020 to April 2020 and the second lockdown from November 2020 to December 2020 and compared to the same period in 2019.

Results
Our results showed a strong decline in newly diagnosed cancers during the lockdown periods: −45% in gynecological cancer and -52% in breast cancer compared to the same period in 2019. Compared to the analogue period of 2019, breast cancer patients reported significantly more tumor-associated symptoms (55% vs. 31%, p = 0.013) during and in between (48% vs. 32%, p = 0.022) the lockdowns. During the lockdown, periods in the group of breast cancer patients’ tumor stage varied significantly compared to 2019 (T2–T4; p = 0.047).

Conclusion
Both lockdowns led to a strong decrease in newly diagnosed gynecological and breast cancers. Treatment delays in potentially curable disease could lead to inferior clinical outcomes, with the risk of missing the optimal treatment window. As the COVID-19 pandemic will be a challenge for some time to come, new strategies in patient care are needed to optimize cancer screening and management during the pandemic.
An attempt to construct the individual model of daily facial skin temperature using variational autoencoder
Authors: Masaki Ayaka , Nagumo Kent , Iwashita Yuki , Oiwa Kosuke , Nozawa Akio 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFacial skin temperature (FST) has also gained prominence as an indicator for detecting anomalies such as fever due to the COVID-19. When FST is used for engineering applications, it is enough to be able to recognize normal. We are also focusing on research to detect some anomaly in FST. In a previous study, it was confirmed that abnormal and normal conditions could be separated based on FST by using a variational autoencoder (VAE), a deep generative model. However, the simulations so far have been a far cry from reality. In this study, normal FST with a diurnal variation component was defined as a normal state, and a model of normal FST in daily life was individually reconstructed using VAE. Using the constructed model, the anomaly detection performance was evaluated by applying the Hotelling theory. As a result, the area under the curve (AUC) value in ROC analysis was confirmed to be 0.89 to 1.00 in two subjects.