bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of fluid flow in the dynamics of active nematic defects
Authors: Angheluta Luiza , Chen Zhitao , Marchetti M Cristina , Bowick Mark J 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We adapt the Halperin–Mazenko formalism to analyze two-dimensional active nematics coupled to a generic fluid flow. The governing hydrodynamic equations lead to evolution laws for nematic topological defects and their corresponding density fields. We find that ±1/2 defects are propelled by the local fluid flow and by the nematic orientation coupled with the flow shear rate. In the overdamped and compressible limit, we recover the previously obtained active self-propulsion of the +1/2 defects. Non-local hydrodynamic effects are primarily significant for incompressible flows, for which it is not possible to eliminate the fluid velocity in favor of the local defect polarization alone. For the case of two defects with opposite charge, the non-local hydrodynamic interaction is mediated by non-reciprocal pressure-gradient forces. Finally, we derive continuum equations for a defect gas coupled to an arbitrary (compressible or incompressible) fluid flow.
A novel polymer/ceramic composite film for different optical applications: optical linear, nonlinear, and limiting properties
Authors: Abdel-Aziz M M , Algarni H , Ali H Elhosiny , Yahia I S , Khairy Yasmin , Zahran H Y , Abdellahi M O , Al-Hagan O , Solyman S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
New composite films based on ceramic/polymeric matrix materials were synthesized using facile casting procedures for different optical devices. Herein, the composite comprises a semi-crystalline polymer (Polyvinyl alcohol, PVAL) embedded with various weight percentages of PbTiO3. The structure and surface morphology change of PVAL were studied via XRD (Diffraction of x-ray) and SEM (Microscopy of Scanning Electron) analysis. The interactions between PVAL and PbTiO3, via the matrix’s hydroxyl group, demonstrate a significant reduction in polymer crystallinity. Different parameters, such as internal strain, dislocation density, and crystallite size, were estimated from the XRD Gaussian fitting. SEM images show that the particles’ agglomeration increased on the composite’s surface with the doping ratio, which can influence the PVAL optical properties. The energy of the bandgap is estimated using absorption fitting and Tauc’s relations. Nonlinear and refractive indices parameters- energy gap relations were studied. The nonlinear parameters χ
(3) and n

2
increased with rising the percentage of PbTiO3 in the PVAL matrix from 0.935 × 10−12 esu to 1.978 × 10−12 esu, and 1.67 × 10−11 esu to 3.29 × 10−11 esu. Moreover, the high-frequency dielectric (

ε

∞

) changes from 4.421 to 5.125. The behavior of optical limiting for the composites shows a decrease of He-Ne and green laser power. The present results indicate that the polymeric/ceramic films can be promising materials for laser CUT-OFF, optical fibers, and micro-optics applications.
Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen steering under asymmetry noise channels
Authors: Cheng Wei-Wen , Zhou Wen-Qiang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Symmetric quantum correlations and properties have been often investigated earlier in the process of quantum decoherence. However, the asymmetric quantum features, such as steering, have been rarely considered in this context. In this work, we study Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen steering, measured by steering robustness R, for two-qubit systems under asymmetric noise channels. For the one-sided asymmetric noise channels, we explore the influence of several typical channels on the asymmetric decay of steering. Our results show that the asymmetric steering is directly linked to the initial state as well as the type of noises. We prove that asymmetric decay can be used to characterize the properties of the channels in some certain. For the two-sided asymmetric noise channels, the results show that the behavior of steering are also both initial states and combination types depended. Moreover, we show that there always exist asymmetric steering even the initial state is high symmetry for the depolarizing-amplitude damping combination channel.
Grading hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in neonatal EEG with convolutional neural networks and quadratic time–frequency distributions
Authors: Raurale Sumit A , Boylan Geraldine B , Mathieson Sean R , Marnane William P , Lightbody Gordon , O’Toole John M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Objective. To develop an automated system to classify the severity of hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy injury (HIE) in neonates from the background electroencephalogram (EEG). Approach. By combining a quadratic time–frequency distribution (TFD) with a convolutional neural network, we develop a system that classifies 4 EEG grades of HIE. The network learns directly from the two-dimensional TFD through 3 independent layers with convolution in the time, frequency, and time–frequency directions. Computationally efficient algorithms make it feasible to transform each 5 min epoch to the time–frequency domain by controlling for oversampling to reduce both computation and computer memory. The system is developed on EEG recordings from 54 neonates. Then the system is validated on a large unseen dataset of 338 h of EEG recordings from 91 neonates obtained across multiple international centres. Main results. The proposed EEG HIE-grading system achieves a leave-one-subject-out testing accuracy of 88.9% and kappa of 0.84 on the development dataset. Accuracy for the large unseen test dataset is 69.5% (95% confidence interval, CI: 65.3%–73.6%) and kappa of 0.54, which is a significant (

P
<
0.001

) improvement over a state-of-the-art feature-based method with an accuracy of 56.8% (95% CI: 51.4%–61.7%) and kappa of 0.39. Performance of the proposed system was unaffected when the number of channels in testing was reduced from 8 to 2—accuracy for the large validation dataset remained at 69.5% (95% CI: 65.5%–74.0%). Significance. The proposed system outperforms the state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms for EEG grade classification on a large multi-centre unseen dataset, indicating the potential to assist clinical decision making for neonates with HIE.
Effect of pH and Concentration on Biosorption Malachite Green and Rhodamine B Dyes using Banana Peel (Musa balbisiana Colla) as Biosorbent
Authors: Nasra E , Kurniawati D , Etika S B , Silvia R , Rahmatika A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
All Biosorption of Malachite green and Rhodamine B dyes using banana peel (Musa balbisiana Colla) as a biosorbent has been carried out. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of pH and concentration for biosorption of Malachite green and Rhodamine B by banana peel biosorbent (Musa balbisiana Colla). The method used is the batch method. The maximum wavelength of Malachite green is 618 nm and Rhodamine B 555 nm measured by the UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The results showed that the optimum conditions for Malachite green adsorption occurred at pH 3, a concentration of 100 ppm 8,0662 mg/g. The optimum conditions for Rhodamine B adsorption occurred at pH 3, a concentration of 120 ppm 16,6614 mg/g. The adsorption isotherm of Malachite green with banana peel (Musa balbisiana Colla) biosorbent tends to follow the Freundlich isotherm with a determinant coefficient (R2) of 0.9996 and Rhodamine B 0,9884.
Synthesis of Conducting Polyaniline with Photopolymerization Method and Characterization
Authors: Joana Sury Siti Veren , Ulianas Alizar , Aini Syamsi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Polymers as they are known as molecules formed by repetition of small molecules known as monomers, polymers that are often used cannot conduct electricity. Along with the development of the polymer era at this time can also conduct electricity known as conductive polymers. One of the conductive polymers that attracts attention is polyaniline. Synthesis of polyaniline conductive polymers is carried out with aniline monomers mixed with Ethylene Glycol Dimetacrylate (EGDMA) as Crosslinkers, and Dimethoxy phenylacetophenone (DMPP) as the initiator. In this reasearch, the polymerization processed with the photopolymerization method with a mixture of Aniline (mL), DMPP (0.1 g), and EGDMA (mL) polymerized with photopolymer. The polymers obtained were tested for electrical conductivity, the composition which showed optimum conductivity was in the ratio of aniline and EGDMA 1 : 1 with the electrical conductivity of 0.001462 Ohm.cm−1. The conductivity measurement is done by using Four Point Probe (FPP) and other characterization measurements using FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) and TGA (Thermo-gravimetric Analysis).
Theoretical Modification of Pheophytin Using Cu, Ni, and Zn Atoms as a Sensitizer for Dye Sentized Solar Cell (DSSC)
Authors: Rahmatika Zidni , Sudarlin  
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Theoretical studies of pheophytin compound modified with Cu, Ni, and Zn atoms as a sensitizer for dye solar cell compound (DSSC) have been carried out based on HOMO-LUMO energy parameters, LUMO electron localization, spectra, light absorption efficiency, coupling constant, and sensitizer bond length with TiO2. This study aims to determine the parameters of bond length, spectra, molecular density, HOMO-LUMO energy, LHE, and ΔG injection of pheophytin α and β complexes using the central atoms of Cu, Ni, and Zn; and formulating the effect of adding central atoms of Cu, Ni and Zn on the characteristics α and β pheophytin photoelectric and determine the best modification capable of producing the best characteristics for pheophytin as a dye compound on the DSSC based on parameters of bond length, spectra, molecular density, energy HOMO-LUMO, LHE, and ΔG injection. The theoretical modification that used is DFT/B3LYP, the accuracy of the method used amounted to 89.27% and 96.09%. Based on the above parameters the best modification sensitizer for DSSC is Zn Pheophytin β> Zn Pheophytin α> Pheophytin β> Pheophytin α> Cu Pheophytin β> Ni Pheophytin α> Ni Pheophytin β> Cu Pheophytin α.
Biodégradation Bioplastic Based on Arrowroot Starch with Glycerol Plasticizer and ZnO Fillers
Authors: Maslahah Naela Ulul , Alisaputra Darmawan , Sedyadi Endaruji 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPetroleum-based plastic packaging is very often found in everyday life. It is necessary to develop plastics made from polymers that can be decomposed naturally due to plastic waste problem. One of this polimer is starch. ZnO compounds are used as reinforcing bioplastics because bioplastics derived from starch are still brittle. This study aims to understand the biodegradability of arrowroot starch-based bioplastics with additional ZnO on soil media. This research was carried out in three stages: the production of arrowroot bioplastics with ZnO variations of 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5%, bioplastic characterization testing, and bioplastic biodegradation testing. Bioplastic’s characterization includes mechanical test (tensile strength, elongation, and young modulus), FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra-Red), and biodegradation testing of bioplastics carried out on soil pH 5 and pH 6. The result showed with variation 3% of ZnO produce are good mechanical and physical properties. Bioplastics produced tensile strength of 5,9966 MPa, elongation of 5,00045%, and young modulus of 118,1268 MPa. The biodegradation test results in soil pH 5 and pH 6, respectively, showed a decrease in the bioplastic mass up to 70% and 72% for 15 days.
Effect of Contact Time Adsorption of Rhodamine B, Methyl Orange and Methylene Blue Colours on Langsat Shell with Batch Methods
Authors: Kurniawati D , Bahrizal  , Sari T K , Adella F , Sy Salmariza 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This study aims to determine the uptake capacity of langsat (Lansium domesticum) skin on the adsorption of dyes along with the contact time. Textile dyes are dyes which is harmful for the environment and living things. This textile industry waste can cause a decrease in water quality. When this carcinogenic dye enters the human body, it can lead to cancer. The process of these dyes adsorption use langsat skin samples. The components of langsat skin that can adsorb dyes are triterpenoids, saponins and flavonoids. This study uses a batch method by treating the contact time variations of several dyes. The results reveal that the biomass adsorption on rhodamine B, methyl orange, and methylene blue dyes were 11,578 mg/g, 3.8425 mg/g, 36,735 mg/g respectively and with optimum contact time of 60, 90 and 150 minutes, respectively.
Activation and Modification of Natural Silica for Anion Adsorbent
Authors: Oktavia Budhi , Tilla Mardho , Nasra Edi , Zainul Rahadian , Amin Muhammad 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Silica is a mineral that is abundant in the earth’s surface. Silica has also been used in human civilization, such as making glass, electronic devices, adsorbents, fertilizers and others. Utilization of natural silica requires technology that is reliable enough so that impurities in the natural silica do not interfere with its use. In this study, tests have been carried out on natural silica, such as chemical and physical activation, reactions with certain reagents and also modifications made to the natural silica. The desired result is that natural silica can be used as an adsorben, ion exchange and also a stationary phase in the chromatography column. From this research a natural silica modification has been obtained using dimethylamine (DMA) to convert natural silica into positive charge so that it can be used to increase the absorption of some anions.
Modification of natural silica using dimethylamine and the application as a phosphate ion absorption
Authors: Sefriani Renti , Oktavia Budhi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Natural silica is one of the biggest mining products in Indonesia. Silica has the ability to absorb ions because it has two sites that actively activate silanol and siloxan groups that are accessible. Modifications were made to improve the ability of silica to perform impulses. Water ions if they have very high levels can release marine biota ecosystems, phosphate levels that are too high in waters can cause eutrophication, which is the higher levels of oxygen entering the sea. To reduce phosphate levels, phosphate adsorption is carried out using returned silica. The application of silica as a phosphate ion absorber was analyzed through measurements with a spectrophotometer. Adsorption of phosphate ions using pure silica has a maximum absorption of 0.2533 mg / g and silica after modification can adsorb a maximum phosphate ion of 1,1629 mg / g.
The Repellent Activity Test of Rosemary Leaf (Rosmarinus officinalis l) Essential Oil Gel Preparations Influence on Aedes aegypti Mosquito
Authors: Pratiwi Maharani Ayu Manik , Purwati  
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Rosemary leaf (Rosmarinus officinalis L) is a plant containing essential oils such as geraniol, linalool, sineol, and burneol. Essential oils used as insect repellent. This research is about repellent test of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L) gel for Aedes aegypti mosquito which aims to find out whether Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L) can provide activity as a repellent preparation for Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Rosemary essential oils (Rosmarinus officinalis L) are formulated in the form of gel preparation with various concentration namely 6%, 12%, 24% and use positive control repellent supply on the market that contains DEET. Volunteer completed that process over 4 days. The volunteer arms were inserted into the cage containing 50 mosquitoes which had been applied to the gel. The test is performed for 5 minutes every 4 hours, with 5 repetitions. The result shows that Rosemary essentials oil (Rosmarinus officinalis L) gel has a repellent activity againts Aedes aegypti mosquito on F3 24% concentration with 92,15% protection for 4 hours. The stability of gel preparation that organoleptic do not change the color, taste, smell, and shape. Homogeneous gel preparation, with pH, dissipation, and viscosity are suitable for 8 weeks at different temperatures (4°C, 25°C and 40°C), and do not irritation to the skin
Herbal plants from Riau Province as inhibitors of COVID-19 binding to ACE2 receptor by computer aided molecular design an in-silico method
Authors: Novianty R , Ananta S , Karim M A 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCorona Virus Disease (COVID-19) is announced as pandemic by World Health Organization (WHO) since 11th March 2020. Riau Province has many herbal plants e.g. Cheilocostus specious, Euphorbia hirta l, Cassia torra, Bryophyllum pinnatum, Daniella ensifollia, and Ziziphus mauritiana that can cure many diseases and there is not report yet focusing on in-silico method using SARS-CoV-2 protease (PDB ID:6LU7). This study aims to reveal the potential of compounds contained in Riau Herbal Plants as anti SARS-CoV-2 through its binding to protein receptors. The study was conducted by molecular docking using Autodock Vina 1.5.6 and drug ability studies using Swiss ADME. The docking results of six active compounds including diosgenin, tannin, triterpenoid, chrysophanol, flavone and phytosterol were -8,3; -7,5; -7,5; -7,2; -6,9; -6,9 respectively against the affinity result for natural ligand of COVID-19 (-6,1). This result indicates the stronger bond between ACE2 and inhibitors because the affinity value of active compounds are higher than natural ligand of COVID-19. The SwissADME results show that triterpenoid and tannin violate some Lipinski Rules that make their drug-likeness is low. In general, all the active compounds were potential as candidates of SARS-CoV-2 antiviral but the most potential one is diosgenin in Cheilocostus specious.
Improving Students’ Critical Thinking Skills Through Student Worksheet Colloid Systems Based On Discovery Learning and Multiple Representations at Senior High School
Authors: Sari Zulfiati Rahmi Permata , Ulianas Alizar , Putra Ananda , Rahadian Z 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Expansion study with the Plomp method has been carried out to produce student worksheet colloid systems based on discovery study and multiple representations to increase learners’ critical thinking skills. Sampling was done by apply the cluster purposive sampling technique. Study instruments apply is the problem sheet, a problem sheet in the form of sheet validity and practicalities, about objective and about the critically thinking skills. Outcome of the study showed that the resulting student worksheet shows the validity of which is very high (k = 0, 83). The outcome of the practicality of small group learner were very high k = 0.834. In the field test, the practicality of learner was very high (k = 0.815) while the practicality by the teacher was high (k = 0.74). Hypothesis test of study outcomes shows that there is a notable diverse between the study outcomes of experimental classroom learner and control classroom learner. The outcome of the critically thinking skills of hypothesis testing showed that there are notable diverse between the critically thinking skills of learners experimental and control classrooms. In addition, the study outcome show that student worksheet has met the criteria of being practical and impactive.
Learning Strategies Design to Accommodate Learning Styles, Initial Knowledge and Reduce The Differences of Scientific Reasoning and Argumentation Performance
Authors: Naj’iyah AL , Viyanti  , Suyatna Agus 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to create learning strategies design that can be used to accommodate the differences of learning styles and initial knowledge so that it does not affect the differences of scientific reasoning accomplisment and students’ argumentation performance on hydropower and wind energy material. This research uses the ADDIE model (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implementate, and Evaluate), this article is just limited to the analysis and design stages. Needs analysis data was obtained through a questionnaire with students and high school teachers in Lampung as the respondents. The data analysis technique used a qualitative descriptive analysis. The results showed that teachers and students needed a learning strategy design that was able to improve scientific reasoning and argumentation performance and also reduce differences of learning styles and students’ initial knowledge. The learning strategy design which is developed to modify the PjBL syntax by integrating STEM which contains activities to solve problems, expand scientific literacy, design and create projects, and communicate it.
Challenges Towards The Implementation of ICT in Biology Learning: A Review Study
Authors: Yuliani Nurul Jannah , Mercuriani Ixora Sartika 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The implementation of ICT in biology learning is not optimal because there are challenges that influence it. The purpose of this study is to determine the challenges of ICT implementation in biology learning. This research is research that uses a meta-analysis method. Sampling in this study uses a purposive sampling technique. Data collection is done by downloading written documents in Science Direct, Eric, Research Gate, Google Scholar, and NDLTD (Networked Digital Library on Thesis and Dissertations). The results showed there were several challenges towards the implementation of ICT in biology learning. The most common challenges found in the research results is the lack of ICT infrastructure with a percentage of 12.73%. The conclusions of this study are intended to be a reference to reduce the challenges that have been found so that the implementation of ICT in biology learning can be maximized in the future.
Validity and Practicality Level of Acid-Base Electronic Module Based on Structured Inquiry Containing Three Levels of Chemical Representation for Senior High School Student
Authors: Adriani D , Azhar M , Dj Latismad , Putra A , Yerimadesi  
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Acid-base is prerequisite material for studying the hydrolysis of salts and buffer solutions. This material is still difficult to understand for students. This study aims to reveal the level of validity and practicality of electronic module based on structured inquiry containing three levels of chemical representation. This research was Research and Development (R&D) using Plomp’s development model. The research instrument was a validaty and practicality questioannair. The e-module was validated by 4 chemistry lectures and 2 chemistry teachers. The practicality test was carried out on 2 chemistry teachers and 65 students grade XI of Senior High School. The data were analyzed using the Kappa Cohen formula. The result of the study showed the developed e-modul had a very high level of validation ( k = 0.86). The results of practicalities also showed a very high level, k=0.90 response of teachers, and k= 0.88 response of students. The e-module was valid and practically for in acid-base learning in Senior High School.