bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing Effective and Acceptable Road Pricing Schemes: Evidence from the Geneva Congestion Charge
Authors: Baranzini Andrea , Carattini Stefano , Tesauro Linda 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWhile instruments to price congestion exist since the 1970s, less than a dozen cities around the world have a cordon or zone pricing scheme. Geneva, Switzerland, may be soon joining them. This paper builds on a detailed review of the existing schemes to identify a set of plausible design options for the Geneva congestion charge. In turn, it analyzes their acceptability, leveraging a large survey of residents of both Geneva and the surrounding areas of Switzerland and France. Our original approach combines a discrete choice experiment with randomized informational treatments. We consider an extensive set of attributes, such as perimeter, price and price modulation, use of revenues, and exemption levels and beneficiaries. The informational treatments address potential biased beliefs concerning the charge’s expected effects on congestion and pollution. We find that public support depends crucially on the policy design. We identify an important demand for exemptions, which, albeit frequently used in the design of environmental taxation, is underexplored in the analysis of public support. This demand for exemptions is not motivated by efficiency reasons. It comes mostly by local residents, for local residents. Further, people show a marked preference for constant prices, even if efficiency would point to dynamic pricing based on external costs. Hence, we highlight a clear trade-off between efficiency and acceptability. However, we also show, causally, that this gap can in part be closed, with information provision. Analyzing heterogeneity, we show that preferences vary substantially with where people live and how they commute. Even so, we identify several designs that reach majority support.
Review of guidelines for the identification and clinical care of patients with genetic predisposition for hematological malignancies
Authors: Schlegelberger Brigitte , Mecucci Cristina , Wlodarski Marcin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSince WHO has recognized myeloid neoplasms with germline predisposition as a new entity in 2016, it has become increasingly clear that diagnosing familial leukemia has critical implications for both the patient and his/her family, and that interdisciplinary teams of hematologists and clinical geneticists should provide care for this specific patient group. Here, we summarize consensus criteria for the identification and screening of patients with genetic predisposition for hematologic malignancies, as provided by different working groups, e.g. by the Nordic MDS group and the AACR. In addition to typical clinical features, results from targeted deep sequencing may point to a genetic predisposition. We review strategies to distinguish somatic and germline variants and discuss recommendations for genetic analyses aiming to identify the underlying genetic variant that should follow established quality criteria to detect both SNVs and CNVs and to determine the pathogenicity of genetic variants. To enhance the knowledge about hematologic neoplasms with germline predisposition we recommend archiving clinical and genetic data and archiving them in international registries.
Nurture, Pleasure and Read and Resist!: Abolition Feminist Methodology for a Collective Recovery?
Authors: Adams Felicity , Emmerich Fabienne 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCOVID-19 has magnified intersecting inequalities that are central to the functioning of capitalism. At the height of the crisis, the value of an economy based on the exchange of goods and services faded away to expose the importance of care across the public and private spheres. Undervalued and underpaid labour suddenly became critical to the survival of many. Drawing on Abolition Feminism, we argue for the need to seize this revaluation of labour to centre nurture and pleasure within our post-pandemic recovery. We apply an Abolition Feminist framework that conceptualises the prison as part of a network of violence that deflects attention from the root causes of harm. We reflect on the development of our Abolition Feminist web platform, Read and Resist!, a space where theory meets reflection on praxis. We consider how activist strategies within Abolition Feminism may support us in reimagining our relationships with law and justice post-COVID-19.
THz Detection of Biomolecules in Aqueous Environments—Status and Perspectives for Analysis Under Physiological Conditions and Clinical use
Authors: Weisenstein Christian , Wigger Anna Katharina , Richter Merle , Sczech Robert , Bosserhoff Anja Katrin , Bolívar Peter Haring 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBioanalytical THz sensing techniques have proven to be an interesting and viable tool for the label-free detection and analysis of biomolecules. However, a major challenge for THz bioanalytics is to perform investigations in the native aqueous environments of the analytes. This review recapitulates the status and future requirements for establishing THz biosensing as a complementary toolbox in the repertoire of standard bioanalytic methods. The potential use in medical research and clinical diagnosis is discussed. Under these considerations, this article presents a comprehensive categorization of biochemically relevant analytes that have been investigated by THz sensing techniques in aqueous media. The detectable concentration levels of ions, carbohydrates, (poly-)nucleotides, active agents, proteins and different biomacromolecules from THz experiments are compared to characteristic physiological concentrations and lower detection limits of state-of-the-art bioanalytical methods. Finally, recent experimental developments and achievements are discussed, which potentially pave the way for THz analysis of biomolecules under clinically relevant conditions.
Exploratory Network Reconstruction with Sparse Archaeological Data and XTENT
Authors: Ducke Benjamin , Suchowska Paulina 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis contribution discusses methods for reconstructing the links of past physical networks, based on archaeological site locations and mathematical models of few parameters. Networks are ubiquitous features of human culture. They structure the geographical patterning of the archaeological record strongly. But while material evidence of networked social interaction is abundant (e.g. similarities in artefact types and technologies), preserved physical remains of the networks (such as roads) are much rarer, making it difficult, if not impossible, to understand the spatial structure of cultural exchange and diffusion. This raises the intractably complex problem of optimal physical network reconstruction, based solely on the known locations of archaeological finds or sites. We address the tractable subproblem of plausible reconstruction of network links. Using a small sample set of Late Bronze Age settlement sites in and around the Mediterranean, we explore model-based network reconstruction from sparse and legacy archaeological data. A hierarchical model is provided by a network-adapted version of Renfrew and Level’s (1979) classic XTENT formula. We show that a GIS-based implementation, that utilises cost surfaces, offers significantly increased realism and analytical advantages. Our approach represents an alternative (with its specific strengths and weaknesses) to more data-intense and computationally complex approaches, such as agent-based models and simulations. The network reconstruction software used in this study (v.net.models) is available under an open source license.
The restrictor view, without covert modals
Authors: Ciardelli Ivano 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe view thatif-clauses function semantically as restrictors is widely regarded as the only candidate for a fully general account of conditionals. The standard implementation of this view assumes that, where no operator to be restricted is in sight,if-clauses restrict covert epistemic modals. Stipulating such modals, however, lacks independent motivation and leads to wrong empirical predictions. In this paper I provide a theory of conditionals on whichif-clauses are uniformly interpreted as restrictors, but no covert modals are postulated. Epistemicif-clauses, like those in bare conditionals, restrict an information state parameter which is used to interpret an expressive layer of the language. I show that this theory yields an attractive account of bare and overtly modalized conditionals and solves various empirical problems for the standard view, while dispensing with its less plausible assumption.
Epistemologies of evidence-based medicine: a plea for corpus-based conceptual research in the medical humanities
Authors: Buts Jan , Baker Mona , Luz Saturnino , Engebretsen Eivind 
Published: May 2021

AbstractEvidence-based medicine has been the subject of much controversy within and outside the field of medicine, with its detractors characterizing it as reductionist and authoritarian, and its proponents rejecting such characterization as a caricature of the actual practice. At the heart of this controversy is a complex linguistic and social process that cannot be illuminated by appealing to the semantics of the modifier evidence-based. The complexity lies in the nature of evidence as a basic concept that circulates in both expert and non-expert spheres of communication, supports different interpretations in different contexts, and is inherently open to contestation. We outline a new methodology that combines a social epistemological perspective with advanced methods of corpus linguistics and elements of conceptual history to investigate this and other basic concepts that underpin the practice and ethos of modern medicine. The potential of this methodology to offer new insights into controversies such as those surrounding EBM is demonstrated through a case study of the various meanings supported by evidence and based, as attested in a large electronic corpus of online material written by non-experts as well as a variety of experts in different fields, including medicine.
Value Sensitive Design to Achieve the UN SDGs with AI: A Case of Elderly Care Robots
Authors: Umbrello Steven , Capasso Marianna , Balistreri Maurizio , Pirni Alberto , Merenda Federica 
Published: May 2021

AbstractHealthcare is becoming increasingly automated with the development and deployment of care robots. There are many benefits to care robots but they also pose many challenging ethical issues. This paper takes care robots for the elderly as the subject of analysis, building on previous literature in the domain of the ethics and design of care robots. Using the value sensitive design (VSD) approach to technology design, this paper extends its application to care robots by integrating the values of care, values that are specific to AI, and higher-scale values such as the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The ethical issues specific to care robots for the elderly are discussed at length alongside examples of specific design requirements that work to ameliorate these ethical concerns.
A framework and immersive serious game for mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Lau Sum-Yuet Joyce , Agius Harry 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCognitive decline is common in the elderly. As a result, a range of cognitive rehabilitation games have been proposed to supplement or replace traditional rehabilitative training by offering benefits such as improved engagement. In this paper, we focus on mild cognitive impairment (MCI), an initial stage of cognitive decline that does not affect functioning in daily life, but which may progress towards more serious cognitive deteriorations, notably dementia. Unfortunately, while a variety of serious game frameworks and rehabilitative serious games have been proposed, there is a distinct lack of those which support the distinctive characteristics of MCI patients. Consequently, to optimise the advantages of serious games for MCI, we propose the MCI-GaTE (MCI-Game Therapy Experience) framework that may be used to develop serious games as effective cognitive and physical rehabilitation tools. The framework is derived from a combination of a survey of related research literature in the area, analysis of resident profiles from a nursing home, and in-depth interviews with occupational therapists (OTs) who work with MCI patients on a daily basis. The conceptual framework comprises four sectors that may be used to guide game design and development: an MCI player profile that represents the capabilities of a player with MCI, core gaming elements that support gameful and playful activities, therapeutic elements that support cognitive and physical rehabilitation through tasks and scenarios according to the player’s abilities, and motivational elements to enhance the player’s attitude towards the serious tasks. Together, they provide support for rehabilitation needs and may also serve as a set of comprehensive and established criteria by which an MCI serious game may be evaluated. To demonstrate the use of MCI-GaTE, we also present A-go!, an immersive gesture-based serious game that exploits the framework to enable MCI-diagnosed players to undertake therapeutic tasks supported by an assigned OT. Evaluation with OTs revealed that the immersive game potentially offers more effective support to MCI patients than traditional methods, contributing new possibilities for enhancing MCI rehabilitative training, while a comparative assessment of MCI-GaTE demonstrated that it provides a comprehensive approach not currently offered by state-of-the-art rehabilitative frameworks.
Voluntary disclosure when private information and disclosure costs are jointly determined
Authors: Kim Jung Min , Taylor Daniel J. , Verrecchia Robert E. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractClassical models of voluntary disclosure feature two economic forces: the existence of an adverse selection problem (e.g., a manager possesses some private information) and the cost of ameliorating the problem (e.g., costs associated with disclosure). Traditionally these forces are modelled independently. In this paper, we use a simple model to motivate empirical predictions in a setting where these forces are jointly determined––where greater adverse selection entails greater costs of disclosure. We show that joint determination of these forces generates a pronounced non-linearity in the probability of voluntary disclosure. We find that this non-linearity is empirically descriptive of multiple measures of voluntary disclosure in two distinct empirical settings that are commonly thought to feature both private information and proprietary costs: capital investments and sales to major customers.
Gender bias in the allocation of student grants
Authors: Wijnen Marjolijn N. , Massen Jorg J. M. , Kret Mariska E. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMultiple studies have shown that women’s likelihood of receiving research funding is lower than that of their male colleagues. Thus far, all research on this gender gap in academia has focused on post-PhD academics, making it difficult to discern whether the female disadvantages in number of publications, previous grants, maternity leave, and h-indexes are at the root of the gender gap in received funding, or whether it is due to a more fundamental gender bias in academia. Therefore, we investigated whether female university students are already disadvantaged in receiving their first grant in their scientific career. We analysed data on applications (N = 2651) from 1995 to 2018 to the Leiden University International Study Fund (LISF), a fund dedicated to support students to study or conduct research abroad. We found that men and women applied equally often to the LISF. However, women had a lower success rate, which seemed to only get worse over recent years. Furthermore, male and female applications were assessed to be equal in quality when gender-related information was removed from them. The current study demonstrates that the factors that were assumed to contribute the most to the gender gap in more senior academics (e.g. previous grants, h-index) do not explain it fully: even when those factors do not yet play a role, such as in our student sample, women were found to have lower success rates than men. This underscores the importance of attacking gender biases at its roots.
Intergenerational Conflict or Solidarity in Hong Kong? A Survey of Public Attitudes Toward Social Spending
Authors: Wu Alfred M. , Chou Kee-Lee 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study aims to investigate age-related differences in social spending preference in an Asian context, drawing on a random survey of more than 1000 adults in Hong Kong in 2013. Contrary to popular belief, older adults in Hong Kong hold a negative view toward welfare spending, especially when it is directed toward the poor population. In contrast, descriptive statistics reveal that younger people tend to support increased spending on welfare assistance. The findings in this study provide evidence that reciprocity and solidarity in intergenerational relationships are present in Hong Kong. This demonstrates the nature of shifting social values held by different generations in a dynamic and demographically pressured Asian context. Amidst rising intergenerational conflict in different contexts in Asia, this study has profound implications for policymaking.
Bochner–Riesz operators in grand lebesgue spaces
Authors: Formica Maria Rosaria , Ostrovsky Eugeny , Sirota Leonid 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe provide the conditions for the boundedness of the Bochner–Riesz operator acting between two different Grand Lebesgue Spaces. Moreover we obtain a lower estimate for the constant appearing in the Lebesgue–Riesz norm estimation of the Bochner–Riesz operator and we investigate the convergence of the Bochner–Riesz approximation in Lebesgue–Riesz spaces.
Production and characterization of experimental low noise trailing edges made of cold rolled porous aluminum with special attention to the influence of cold rolling on the mechanical stability of the investigated materials
Authors: Tychsen Jörn , Rösler Joachim 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn the framework of the CRC 880 “Fundamentals of high-lift for future civil air craft” methods for the reduction of aircraft noise are investigated. An important method for this noise reduction is the usage of porous material as low noise trailing edges. To improve the aeroacoustic properties of porous materials, an innovative rolling process was established by Tychsen et al. (Metals 8:598, 2018). Here, the rolling process is described as it is used as an important method for the production of samples. The influence of cold rolling on two different porous materials namely porous aluminum 80–110 (PA 80–110) and PA 120–150 is investigated. Important characteristics studied are the porosity, mechanical properties and the dependence of flow resistivity from the degree of deformation. The flow resistivity is of particular interest as the aeroacoustic performance is significantly influenced by it. The results are then compared to the findings for PA 200–250, which was investigated in Tychsen et al. (Metals 8:598, 2018). Lastly, experimental trailing edges made out of cold rolled porous aluminum with a gradient in thickness reduction are shown. The characterization of the aeroacoustic behavior is not part of this study. Reference is made to Rossignol et al. (Int J Aeroacoust 19:365–384, 2020), where trailing edges shown here are characterized aeroacoustically. The findings shown here demonstrate that different porous materials can be tailored by cold rolling without negative impact on the mechanical behavior. It is proven that the new rolling process is a versatile tool for the production of gradient porous material.
Rule-based strategies for dynamic life cycle investment
Authors: den Haan T. R. B. , Chau K. W. , van der Schans M. , Oosterlee C. W. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this work, we consider rule-based investment strategies for managing a defined contribution pension savings scheme, under the Dutch pension fund testing model. We find that dynamic, rule-based investment strategies can outperform traditional static strategies, by which we mean that the investor may achieve the target retirement income with a higher probability or limit the shortfall when the target is not met. In comparison with dynamic programming-based strategies, the rule-based strategies have more stable asset allocations throughout time and avoid excessive transactions that may be hard to explain to an investor. We also study a combined strategy of a rule-based target with dynamic programming. A key feature of our setting is that there is no risk-free asset, instead, a matching portfolio is introduced for the investor to avoid unnecessary risk.
Personality traits and night eating syndrome in women with bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder
Authors: Melunsky Natasha D. , Solmi Francesca , Haime Zoë , Rowe Sarah , McIntosh Virginia V. W. , Carter Janet D. , Jordan Jennifer 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Previous research suggests that eating disorders may be associated with certain personality profiles; however, there is limited research investigating associations with night eating syndrome (NES). This research suggests harm avoidance personality trait is higher in NES individuals than in the general population, however, evidence of associations with other personality traits is inconsistent. To understand which personality traits are associated with NES symptoms, the current study aimed to improve understanding of the relationship between NES symptoms and a range of personality traits, addressing limitations in the earlier literature in this area by controlling for common confounders.

Methods
Baseline data were analysed from an outpatient psychotherapy trial for 111 women with bulimia nervosa or binge eating disorder. Pre-treatment measures of personality traits (measured with the Temperament and character inventory—revised) and NES symptoms (measured with the Night eating questionnaire) were used. Regression analyses tested associations between these variables, adjusting for potential confounders, including age and ethnicity.

Results
Low cooperativeness scores were associated with greater NES symptoms in the multivariable model (mean difference: − 0.10, 95% confidence intervals: − 0.20 to − 0.01, p = 0.033). There was weak evidence of associations between both high harm avoidance and low self-directedness personality traits and greater NES symptoms.

Conclusions
This study adds to the limited research measuring associations between a range of personality traits and NES, addressing limitations of previous research. Weak evidence for an association between high harm avoidance and low self-directedness and increased NES symptoms was found. A novel association was found between low cooperativeness and greater NES symptoms. Further research is needed to validate its presence in those with and without comorbid eating disorders and to examine the relative change in NES, eating disorder symptoms and personality scores in treatments focusing on cooperativeness.

Level of evidence
Level IV (cross-sectional data from a randomised controlled trial, CTB/04/08/139).