bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efectos del té de yerba mate, reflejado en el tiempo obtenido en el trabajo del día (WOD) en deportistas que practican CrossFit
Authors: Ortega Bueno Alejandra , Ruiz Esparza Margarita Isabel , Ramírez Orozco Ricardo Ernesto 
Published: February 2021

Actualmente el consumo de suplementos para mejorar el rendimiento ha aumentado sin considerar las consecuencias que ocasionan si no se toman apropiadamente. La yerba mate ha sido considerada una candidata contra enfermedades como la obesidad por sus múltiples efectos como: disminución en la diferenciación de adipocitos y triglicéridos, incremento de la tasa metabólica, función antioxidante y antiinflamatoria. Los beneficios en el deporte no han sido esclarecidos, por lo cual se consideró el estudio de los efectos del té de yerba mate en el rendimiento de deportistas que practican CrossFit habitualmente (n= 30). Treinta minutos antes de la prueba consumieron 300 ml de té de yerba mate, el rendimiento fue evaluado en términos de tiempo total de ejecución de rutina. Se observó un efecto positivo en el tiempo de rutina cuando el té de yerba mate fue ingerido (4:46 minutos vs. 4:12 minutos) p= 0.001.
La hipertensión arterial y el riñón: El dúo fatídico de las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles
Authors: Aguilera-Méndez Asdrúbal , Nieto-Aguilar Renato , Serrato-Ochoa Deyanira , Manuel-Jacobo Gema Cecilia 
Published: February 2021

Las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles son la principal causa de muerte en el mundo. Entre ellas, las cardiovasculares ocupan el primer lugar en mortalidad y el principal factor de riesgo es la hipertensión, la cual suele ser asintomática hasta que los efectos perjudiciales se manifiestan. Existe una fuerte relación entre la hipertensión y el riñón, ya que por un lado la hipertensión es el mayor factor de riesgo para la iniciación y progresión de la enfermedad renal y al mismo tiempo la hipertensión es el resultado de la propia enfermedad renal. En esta revisión, se analizaron de manera general diferentes aspectos de la hipertensión arterial, como prevalencia, clasificación, etiología, heredabilidad y relación con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles y la importancia del riñón en la regulación de la presión arterial; así como la enfermedad renal y su relación con la hipertensión y las consecuenciasdeletéreas para la salud.
Análise de indicadores higiênico-sanitários no leite bovino cru refrigerado comercializado na microrregião de Ji-Paraná – Rondônia - Brasil
Authors: Santana Aline Silva , Medeiros Rodrigo Lopes , Ferreira Adeilson Cardoso , Peixoto Renato Mesquita , Dantas Filho Jerônimo Vieira , Dias Ademilson de Assis , Lunardi Anderson , Rodrigues Evely Caroliny Abatti , Baier Fabrício Xavier , Barbosa João Luiz , Gasparotto Paulo Henrique Gilio 
Published: February 2021

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar os parâmetros higiênico-sanitários do leite bovino cru refrigerado sob o Sistema de Inspeção Federal (SIF), comercializado na microrregião de Ji-Paraná - RO, Brasil. A pesquisa foi realizada com 600 amostras coletadas ao longo de 90 dias provenientes de propriedades rurais produtoras de leite bovino. Foi realizada a contagem de células somáticas (CCS) e a contagem total de bactérias (CTB) em laboratório. Os dados foram analisados e classificados pelo padrão de qualidade referente as instruções normativas nº 76 e 77 do Ministério da Agricultura Pecuária e Abastecimento (MAPA), foi realizado o estudo de proporção de amostra única (α=0,05) pelo software Action Stat® 3.7. Com base nos resultados evidenciou-se que 52% (312/600) das amostras apresentaram CBT em conformidade com a legislação, assim como, para o teste de CCS, 85,2% (511/600). E, ao analisar os indicadores higiênico-sanitários do leite, a média da CTB variou de 600.000 UFC/mL a 860.000 UFC/mL, enquanto a CCS oscilou de 320.000 CCS/mL a 350.000 CCS/mL. As amostras analisadas apresentaram média trimestral superior ao preconizado pela IN nº 76, não sendo assim aprovado para CTB. No entanto, com relação a avaliação de CCS, observa-se que o grupo amostral se encontra em conformidade com que se recomenda. Há necessidade de aperfeiçoamento das boas práticas de higiene ao longo de todo o processo de obtenção e manutenção do leite cru refrigerado, visando melhorar a qualidade do leite bovino comercializado na região, e consequentemente atender os requisitos estabelecidos na legislação federal.
PERHITUNGAN NERACA MASSA DAN NERACA ENERGI EVAPORATOR PADA UNIT KILANG PPSDM MIGAS CEPU
Authors: Munawaroh Siti Iffah , Azizah Nofiatul , Mufid Mufid , Subur Muh. 
Published: February 2021

Evaporator merupakan bagian dari unit pengolahan di kilang Pusat Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia (PPSDM) Migas Cepu, yang berfungsi untuk proses pemisahan uap minyak dengan cairannya atau fraksi berat dengan fraksi ringannya. Untuk mengetahui apakah proses yang berjalan dalam evaporator sudah baik atau belum, dapat dilihat dari efisiensinya, sehingga dilakukan perhitungan neraca massa dan neraca energi pada
evaporator itu sendiri. Dari perhitungan neraca massa evaporator didapatkan antara jumlah total masuk tidak sama dengan total keluar, yang berarti terdapat massa yang hilang. Total massa kehilangan yang didapat adalah 419.65 kg/hari. Hal tersebut sudah terbilang relatif kecil dan sudah tergolong baik untuk pengoperasian evaporator (V-1) di unit kilang PPSDM Migas Cepu. Sedangkan, pada perhitungan neraca energi, untuk panas yang hilang di evaporator cukup banyak yaitu 245654961.5 btu/hari, dengan persen efisiensi panas evaporator sebesar 55.01%. Panas yang hilang merupakan salah satu parameter yang mempengaruhi efisiensi energi proses evaporasi. Hal tersebut sangat disayangkan mengingat panas yang hilang tergolong relatif besar, dan panas yang hilang seharusnya bisa digunakan untuk pengoperasian di evaporator untuk memisahkan komponen-komponen dengan lebih baik lagi. Salah satu usaha yang dapat dilakukan untuk mencegah besarnya nilai panas yang hilang adalah dengan menambahkan insulator pada evaporator.
STUDI PENGARUH PRESSURE DROP TERHADAP EFISIENSI HEAT RECOVERY STEAM GENERATOR#1.2 BERBASIS SIMULASI CHEMCAD
Authors: Maula Inayatul , Mustain Asalil , Suryandari Ade Sonya , Hariadi Akhmad 
Published: February 2021

PLTGU (Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Gas Uap) adalah instalasi pembangkit listrik yang menggunakan tenaga gas dan uap untuk menghasilkan listrik. Bahan bakar yang digunakan pada PLTG berupa gas alam yang dibakar pada ruang bakar dengan udara dari atmosfer yang telah dikompres. Hasil dari pembakaran gas alam menghasilkan gas yang memiliki tekanan dan temperatur tinggi yang akan memutar turbin gas. Gas buang dari Gas Turbine (GT) masih memiliki tekanan dan temperature yang tinggi sehingga dimanfaatkan kembali sebagai media pemanas dari Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG). Fungsi HRSG adalah untuk memanaskan air menjadi steam yang memiliki tekanan dan temperatur tinggi. Steam hasil dari HRSG akan memutar sudu-sudu turbin yang nantinya akan menghasilkan listrik. Adanya peranan penting HRSG, maka perlu dilakukan perhitungan efisiensi panas HRSG blok 1.2. Tujuan penelitian adalah mempelajari pengaruh variasi pressure drop terhadap efisiensi HRSG. Jumlah energi yang dibutuhkan untuk mengubah air menjadi uap dan juga energi yang disuplai dari gas buang turbin dapat diketahui dengan simulasi software ChemCAD. Jumlah energi yang hilang juga dapat diketahui dengan simulasi software ChemCAD 7.1.2. Hasil simulasi software ChemCAD dengan melakukan case study yang memvariasikan pressure drop pada alat LNG Exchanger didapatkan efisiensi panas HRSG 1.2 sebesar 51,296% dan heat losses sebesar 176852833,33 kJ/jam.
Implementasi Algoritma Kriptografi Playfair Cipher untuk Mengamankan Data Aset
Authors: Perdana Galih Agustian , Carudin  , Rini Mayasari  
Published: February 2021

Data sangatlah penting untuk manusia, data juga dibutuhkan untuk mengumpulkan informasi. Namun mengingat kejahatan cybercrime sudah banyak terjadi di era digital saat ini. Oleh karena itu, keamanan data menjadi hal yang sangat penting untuk diperhatikan. Didalam perusahaan mempunyai data penting. Salah satunya perusahaan di Karawang yaitu PT Adyawinsa Stamping Industries terdapat aplikasi penginputan data yaitu data aset perusahaan. Banyaknya masalah kejahatan data membuat sistem basis data rentan untuk dimanipulasi. Oleh sebab itu, dilakukan implementasi keamanan data terhadap data aset dengan menggunakan kriptografi Playfair Cipher. Playfair Cipher ini mengenkripsikan pasangan huruf (bigram atau digraf) menjadi pasangan huruf, bukan huruf tunggal seperti pada cipher klasik lainnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah aplikasi yang mampu melakukan enkripsi data dengan menggunakan algoritma kriptografi Playfair Cipher dan aplikasi juga mampu melakukan dekripsi dari data di dalam database telah dienkripsi kemudian memasukkan data yang telah dienkripsi ke dalam database Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem yang dibangun telah berhasil melakukan enkripsi dan dekripsi data aset terhadap nama user dan nama aset dengan menggunakan algoritma kriptografi Playfair Cipher. Terdapat perbedaan hasil dekripsi yang diuji dalam penelitian ini. Akan tetapi, aplikasi dapat mengatur hasil dekripsi dengan tools yang terdapat di dalam aplikasi.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Kelayakan Klaim Asuransi Menggunakan Metode AHP
Authors: Islam Abdullah Izzul , Asep Jamaludin  , Nono Heryana  
Published: February 2021

Pertumbuhan asuransi di Indonesia belakangan ini mengalami peningkatan yang cukup baik hal ini dibuktikan pada statistik pelaku IKNB (Industri Keuangan Non Bank) yang diterbitkan oleh OJK (Otoritas Jasa Keuangan) pada Februari 2020. Pada desember 2018 jumlah pelaku IKNB berjumlah 1260 lalu mengalami kenaikan setiap bulannya hingga pada desember 2019 pelaku IKNB berjumlah 1330. Dari data tersebut pelaku IKNB mengalami peningkatan yang cukup baik, dimana asuransi termasuk dalam industri tersebut. Dengan banyaknya pelaku IKNB tersebut PT. SICO Andalan Utama yang merupakan salah satu perusahaan yang bergerak dalam industry tersebut merasakan hal peningkatan hal tersebut. Namun dengan peningkatan tersebut dibutuhkan pengelolaan asuransi terkhusus pengelolaan klaim karena butuh kehati-hatian dalam memutuskan keputusan kelayakan klaim. Maka untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut hal inilah yang mendasari penulis untuk mengusulkan pengembangan Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Kelayakan Klaim Asuransi yang nantinya diahrapkan dapat menghindari atau minimal mengurangi ketidak akuratan dalam menentukan kelayakan klaim. Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Kelayakan Klaim Asuransi ini dikembangkan dengan metodologi pengembangan sistem Rapid Application Development (RAD) sebagai alur dari pengembangan system. Sedangkan untuk pemodelan SPK nya menggunakan model Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Dan juga menggunakan beberapa tools Unified Modelling Language (UML) , Business Process Modelling Nation (BPMN), dan Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) untuk analisis maupun perancangannya. Dalam pengimplementasian system penulis menggunakan PHP sebagai Bahasa pemrograman dan MySQL sebagai Database. Metode pengujian menggunakan metode pendekatan White Box Testing, Black Box Testing Serta Usability Testing. Dengan diterapkan system ini diharapkan dapat memberikan keputusan kelayakan klaim yang tepat.
A Negative Feedback Model to Explain Regulation of SARS-CoV-2 Replication and Transcription
Authors: Li Xin , Cheng Zhi , Wang Fang , Chang Jia , Zhao Qiang , Zhou Hao , Liu Chang , Ruan Jishou , Duan Guangyou , Gao Shan 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although a preliminary understanding of the replication and transcription of SARS-CoV-2 has recently emerged, their regulation remains unknown.ResultsBy comprehensive analysis of genome sequence and protein structure data, we propose a negative feedback model to explain the regulation of CoV replication and transcription, providing a molecular basis of the “leader-to-body fusion” model. The key step leading to the proposal of our model was that the transcription regulatory sequence (TRS) motifs were identified as the cleavage sites of nsp15, a nidoviral RNA uridylate-specific endoribonuclease (NendoU). According to this model, nsp15 regulates the synthesis of subgenomic RNAs (sgRNAs), and genomic RNAs (gRNAs) by cleaving TRSs. The expression level of nsp15 controls the relative proportions of sgRNAs and gRNAs, which in turn change the expression level of nsp15 to reach equilibrium between the CoV replication and transcription.ConclusionThe replication and transcription of CoVs are regulated by a negative feedback mechanism that influences the persistence of CoVs in hosts. Our findings enrich fundamental knowledge in the field of gene expression and its regulation, and provide new clues for future studies. One important clue is that nsp15 may be an important and ideal target for the development of drugs (e.g., uridine derivatives) against CoVs.
Sunitinib Exerts In Vitro Immunomodulatory Activity on Sarcomas via Dendritic Cells and Synergizes With PD-1 Blockade
Authors: Ocadlikova Darina , Lecciso Mariangela , Broto Javier Martin , Scotlandi Katia , Cavo Michele , Curti Antonio , Palmerini Emanuela 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundHigh-grade sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of aggressive tumors arising in bone and soft tissues. After relapse, treatment options are limited. The multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) sunitinib and inhibitor of PD-1 (anti-PD-1) nivolumab have shown antitumor activity in selected subtypes. In this study, we examine the role of TKIs and PD-1 based therapy in in vitro cocultures of sarcoma.MethodsThe human osteosarcoma (SaOS-2) and synovial sarcoma (SYO-1) cell lines were treated with sunitinib. After cell death and proliferation assessment, expression of PD-L1 was analyzed by flow cytometry. Sunitinib-treated sarcoma cells were cocultured with dendritic cells (DCs), and the phenotype of mature DCs was determined by flow cytometry. Mature DCs were cultured with autologous T cells. PD-1 expression on T cells, their proliferation, T regulatory cell (Tregs) induction and IFN-γ production, before and after nivolumab exposure, were analyzed.ResultsAlong with its anti-proliferative and direct pro-apoptotic effect on sarcoma cell lines, sunitinib prompted PD-L1 upregulation on sarcoma cells. Interestingly, sunitinib-treated sarcoma cells drive DCs to full maturation and increase their capacity to induce sarcoma-reactive T cells to produce IFN-γ. Conversely, no effect on T cell proliferation and T cell subpopulation composition was observed. Moreover, both bone and synovial sarcoma cell lines induced Tregs through DCs but sunitinib treatment completely abrogated Treg induction. Finally, sarcoma cell lines induced PD-1 upregulation on both effector T cells and Tregs when loaded into DCs, providing a rationale for using PD-1 blockade. Indeed, PD-1 blockade by nivolumab synergized with sunitinib in inducing IFN-γ-producing effector T cells.ConclusionsTaken together, our in vitro data indicate that the treatment of sarcoma cells with sunitinib can exert significant changes on immune cell subsets toward immune activation, leading to DC-based cross-priming of IFN-γ-producing effector T cells and reduced Treg induction. PD-1 blockade with nivolumab has a synergistic effect with sunitinib, supporting the use of TKI and anti-PD-1 approach in sarcomas, and perhaps in other cancers. DC-targeted drugs, including toll-like receptor 3 inhibitors and CD47 inhibitors, are under development and our preclinical model might help to better design their clinical application.
EEG Power Spectral Analysis of Abnormal Cortical Activations During REM/NREM Sleep in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Liu Shuling , Shen Jiucheng , Li Yezhou , Wang Jing , Wang Jianhua , Xu Juan , Wang Qiaojun , Chen Rui 
Published: February 2021

Objective: To characterize electroencephalogram (EEG) power in different frequency bands during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).Methods: Retrospective data on 151 patients were collected and divided into three groups: primary snoring group (AHI &lt; 5/h), mild-moderate OSA group (6 ≤ AHI &lt; 30/h), and severe OSA group (AHI ≥ 30/h). EEG recordings in the frontal, central, and occipital regions were extracted from both REM and NREM sleep, to compute the normalized spectral power densities in the delta, theta, alpha, sigma, beta, and gamma frequency bands, using Fast Fourier Transform. Correlations between the computed EEG power and PSG parameters were analyzed.Results: In NREM sleep, elevated normalized power spectral density (PSD) in the delta band was observed in the severe OSA group compared to the other two groups. In contrast, the PSD of the other frequency bands showed a corresponding decrease in the severe OSA group. In REM sleep, similar changes were observed in the frontal region. Delta band PSD was positively correlated with Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) (r = 0.33), longest time of apnea, oxygen desaturation index (ODI) (r = 0.34), percent sleep time below 90% SaO2 (T90%) (r = 0.30), Arousal Index (ArI) (r = 0.29), and negatively correlated with N3%, minimum oxygen saturation (minSaO2).Conclusion: Our findings provide neurophysiological evidence for pathological cortical activation during REM/NREM sleep, which may be associated with the arousals and cognitive impairments in OSA. The technique of power spectral analysis could prove a potentially useful tool in complementing traditional PSG parameters in assessing disease burden to guide therapeutic decisions.
Differentiating Between Multiple Myeloma and Metastasis Subtypes of Lumbar Vertebra Lesions Using Machine Learning–Based Radiomics
Authors: Xiong Xing , Wang Jia , Hu Su , Dai Yao , Zhang Yu , Hu Chunhong 
Published: February 2021

ObjectiveTo determine whether machine learning based on conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences have the potential for the differential diagnosis of multiple myeloma (MM), and different tumor metastasis lesions of the lumbar vertebra.MethodsWe retrospectively enrolled 107 patients newly diagnosed with MM and different metastasis of the lumbar vertebra. In total 60 MM lesions and 118 metastasis lesions were selected for training classifiers (70%) and subsequent validation (30%). Following segmentation, 282 texture features were extracted from both T1WI and T2WI images. Following regression analysis using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm, the following machine learning models were selected: Support‐Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Random Forest (RF), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), and Naïve Bayes (NB) using 10-fold cross validation, and the performances were evaluated using a confusion matrix. Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC), sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the models were also calculated.ResultsTo differentiate MM and metastasis, 13 features in the T1WI images and 9 features in the T2WI images were obtained. Among the 10 classifiers, the ANN classifier from the T2WI images achieved the best performance (MCC = 0.605) with accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.815, 0.879, and 0.790, respectively, in the validation cohort. To differentiate MM and metastasis subtypes, eight features in the T1WI images and seven features in the T2WI images were obtained. Among the 10 classifiers, the ANN classifier from the T2WI images achieved the best performance (MCC = 0.560, 0.412, 0.449), respectively, with accuracy = 0.648; sensitivity 0.714, 0.821, 0.897 and specificity 0.775, 0.600, 0.640 for the MM, lung, and other metastases, respectively, in the validation cohort.ConclusionsMachine learning–based classifiers showed a satisfactory performance in differentiating MM lesions from those of tumor metastasis. While their value for distinguishing myeloma from different metastasis subtypes was moderate.
Volatile Organic Compounds in Human Exhaled Breath to Diagnose Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Xiang Lijuan , Wu Sihan , Hua Qingling , Bao Chuyang , Liu Hu 
Published: February 2021

IntroductionHuman exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are being extensively studied for the purposes of noninvasive cancer diagnoses. This article was primarily to assess the feasibility of utilizing exhaled VOCs analysis for gastrointestinal cancer (GIC) diagnosis.MethodsPRISMA-based system searches were conducted for related studies of exhaled VOCs in GIC diagnosis based on predetermined criteria. Relevant articles on colorectal cancer and gastroesophageal cancer were summarized, and meta analysis was performed on articles providing sensitivity and specificity data.ResultsFrom 2,227 articles, 14 were found to meet inclusion criteria, six of which were on colorectal cancer (CRC) and eight on Gastroesophageal cancer(GEC). Five articles could provide specific data of sensitivity and specificity in GEC, which were used for meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated based on the combination of these data, and were 85.0% [95% confidence interval (CI): 79.0%–90.0%], 89.0% (95%CI: 86.0%–91.0%), 41.30 (21.56–79.10), and 0.93, respectively.ConclusionVOCs can distinguish gastrointestinal cancers from other gastrointestinal diseases, opening up a new avenue for the diagnosis and identification of gastrointestinal cancers, and the analysis of VOCs in exhaled breath has potential clinical application in screening. VOCs are promising tumor biomarkers for GIC diagnosis. Furthermore, limitations like the heterogeneity of diagnostic VOCs between studies should be minded.
Prognostic and Predictive Value of m6A “Eraser” Related Gene Signature in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Xu Xin , Zhou En , Zheng Jun , Zhang Chihao , Zou Yinghua , Lin Jiayun , Yu Jiwei 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundN6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification plays a critical role in gastric cancer (GC). However, the relationship between the m6A “eraser”, FTO, and ALKBH5, and the prognosis of GC still remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of FTO and ALKBH5 on the prognosis of patients and their potential roles in GC.Materials and MethodsA total of 738 GC samples with clinical information obtained from two independent datasets were included and divided into training set and testing set. Differential expression analysis of the m6A “eraser” related genes was performed. The LASSO Cox regression model was constructed to analyze the m6A “eraser” related risk genes. The univariate and multivariate Cox regression model were employed to identify the independent prognostic factors. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. A nomogram model was then carried out to predict the prognosis of GC patients. Additionally, GO and KEGG analyses were conducted to identify the potential role of the m6A “eraser” related genes in GC. The relative proportion of 22 different genotypes in immune infiltrating cells was calculated by CIBERSORT algorithm.ResultsIn total, nine m6A “eraser” related risk genes and risk scores were obtained and calculated. Patients in high-risk group demonstrated significantly worse prognosis than those in low-risk group. Age, stage, and risk score were considered as independent prognostic factors. The nomogram model constructed accurately predicted the 3-year and 5-year overall survival (OS) of patients. Furthermore, m6A “eraser” might play a functional role in GC. The expression of m6A “eraser” leads to changes in tumor immune microenvironment.ConclusionsFTO and ALKBH5 showed association with the prognosis of GC. The m6A “eraser” related genes, which is considered as a reliable prognostic and predictive tool, assists in predicting the OS in GC patients.