bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Direction and Principles for the Reshaping the Government's Climate Change Communications and Engagement Strategy
Authors:   , Hannant Alex 
Published: November 2021

<p>Climate change is a global challenge that requires immediate individual and collective action. The self-evident fact that information alone is unable to motivate action suggests that effective communications and engagement will be critical in stimulating the required response. This research project explores how strategic thinking can be employed to support the New Zealand Government's climate change communication and engagement objectives. Strategic thinking is the active and deliberate pursuit of synthesising evidence with a creative anticipation of what might be possible. Rather than work within parameters set by precedent and convention, it represents the deliberate intent to question, disrupt and design new courses of action. This research explores the inertia in mainstream attitudes and behaviours towards climate change; relevant communications and social science best practice and theory; recent trends in New Zealand; and views and opinions from a diverse range of experts. The research outcome is a set of interconnected and interdependent principles that serve to inform and lead the development of a national climate change communications and engagement strategy.</p>
Music Therapy for Young Children Who Have Special Needs: the Music Therapy Experience from the Perspectives of Carers and Professionals
Authors:   , Chiang Jenny Yu Kuan 
Published: November 2021

<p>This project aims to investigate how carers and other professionals perceive the music therapy process over time. Music therapy has been used to address a wide range of diagnoses and developmental issues of young children. The research was conducted during my clinical placement working with young children who have been referred to a child development team. The participants in this project were carers with children with special needs. The children were diagnosed with various disabilities and required different support and developmental goals. Each child attended individual music therapy sessions once a week over a period of three to nine months. It was speculated that many other changes or developmental progress could occur along with the goals and objectives set by me in the music therapy process. To understand fully what other changes or progress the children have made with the input of music therapy, the research was designed using open-ended interviews to find out what the carers and a professional witnessed during and in between the sessions. Three carers were involved in a one-on-one in-depth interview in which they were encouraged to talk about their observation and perception of music therapy. A speech-language therapist was also invited to participate in an in-depth interview. Data derived from the interviews was analysed using a thematic analysis approach. The findings compare themes generated from the clinical notes and interview data. The results showed some shared experiences amongst the participants as well as exceptions influenced by parental differences and the children's conditions. Examination of the similarities and differences between the clinical notes and the interview data helped me validate the outcome of music therapy intervention and gain more insights into effective practice.</p>
Younger and Older Together: Children's Interactions in a Mixed-Age Early Childhood Centre
Authors:   , Fagan Tara Jan 
Published: November 2021

<p>Since industrialisation, children have increasingly become educated in age-bands to facilitate manageability. The contemporary 21st century Western world further limits mixed-age interaction for young children, yet there is little concern expressed about educational segregation based on age. At the same time, mixed-age settings have been noted to be beneficial for children's learning. This qualitative exploratory study, situated within a socio-cultural framework, considered the nature of children's interactions in one mixed-age Playcentre. Using narrative records that captured the nuances of the social interactions of three focus children, over the course of three Playcentre sessions for each child, the experiences of an 18-month aged girl, a 3-year-3-month old boy and a 4-year-7-month old girl were analysed to explore the qualitative nature of the social interactions that are enabled in a mixed-age early childhood setting. This study supports earlier studies that indicate that age makes a difference to the type of interactions that children engage in. In this study age impacted on the social interaction techniques and strategies that the focus children applied and was also a factor when choosing a peer to engage with. Older children were the ideal child to observe, and to engage with, and this assigned an unspoken leadership role to these older children. Yet, all children were active in their life-world with all being able to contribute to the interactions at the Playcentre, regardless of age. Each of the focus children took responsibility for one another, contributing to the upholding of centre rules and regulations while also respecting each others' needs. I argue that the children's social interactions within this Playcentre created a sense of togetherness within a community; this was the central feature of children's social experiences in this mixed-age setting.</p>
Waitangi Park: Public Land in Competition
Authors:   , Price Nina 
Published: November 2021

<p>This thesis looks at Wellington's Waitangi Park, through the specifics of the Chaffers Park Design Competition, in order to explore the repercussions mistrust can have on social vision and political response. In examining aspects of this competition over a piece of public land, and comparing various accounts of events leading up to it, an interpretative impasse is reached that factual explanations alone cannot minimise. Because the search for truth proves elusive, other forms of evidence must be relied upon as sources of knowledge. In this instance, an analysis of experiences demonstrates the effect differing expectations has on human interaction, ones that are shown to have a significant impact on placemaking processes and organizational structures. When debates over public land degenerate into power struggles, the issue of control is brought to the forefront of attention. It raises questions concerning who owns public land, whether it properly belongs to local authorities or the public itself. Who gets to designate how these spaces are used, and select what ought and ought not to go on these sites? Here, the issue of representation is troublesome because so many different groups claim to speak for the public's interest, leaving the reader wondering whose interpretation to believe and place trust in. Where the perception is that democratic rights are being undermined, then doubt in the principles underpinning consultation processes soon emerges. And once mistrust becomes entrenched, organizational tinkering is not sufficient in itself to reverse a negative state of affairs; only joint satisfaction will do. But if satisfaction proves unforthcoming, then a withdrawal from engagement can be anticipated as committed individuals quit the field in disillusionment. This in turn causes a narrowing of vision and leads to uncreative political responses traits associated with acts of obliviousness.</p>
The Social Environment of Public Transport
Authors:   , Thomas Jared Austin Peter Kay 
Published: November 2021

<p>Crowding is identified both internationally and in New Zealand as a key issue in public transport. Unfortunately, the concerns of public transport providers are focussed on economic imperative rather than a concern for the actual experiences of patrons. The social needs of public transport passengers are neglected, both in practice and in research. This research examines the delicate balance between the need for privacy and the need for social interaction in the setting of public transport. These needs are examined through naturalistic observation of 1703 passengers' behaviours, such as seat selection, activity use, and conversation on buses and trains. This was followed by a survey-based Exploratory study examining a range of individual difference variables. Based on the findings of this Exploratory study measures were identified for use in a series of subsequent surveys of public and private transport users. Specifically, questionnaires measuring the attitudes and self-reported behaviour of train (N = 319), car (N = 305) and bus commuters (N = 216). Results suggest that the seating layout of public transport forces people into an intimate distance with strangers, causing social discomfort. Hall's (1966) proxemic theory suggests that these intimate distances are typically reserved for people with closer relations. People compensate by adapting to this close yet impersonal social situation. There is evidence that interactive strategies such as talking and positive body language with other passengers reduces the level of social discomfort, whereas defensive strategies do not reduce discomfort, but do form a negative relationship with social interaction which helps perpetuate a socially stagnant atmosphere. Discomfort from close interpersonal distance and less positive attitudes towards other passengers, while not as important as instrumental variables (such as longer trip durations), are still potential barriers to public transport patronage and should be given greater attention. In conclusion, interactive behaviours are determined to be necessary to reduce social discomfort in public transport. Festinger and colleague's (1950) passive contact theory (PCT) is interrupted in the public transport setting, and it is posited that pro-social behaviours, such as smiling, and acknowledging other passengers with greetings are a precondition for successful interpersonal interaction.</p>
Parental investment can moderate the negative effects of low socioeconomic status on children’s health: an analysis of Kenyan national data
Authors: Mbuma Vanessa , Lissner Lauren , Hunsberger Monica 
Published: November 2021

Background Stunting is an indicator for cumulative growth deficits and long-term undernutrition. Determinants of stunting include poverty, food insecurity, poor sanitation, and low maternal education. Stunting has both short and long-term detrimental health and developmental effects on children. In 2020, around 149 million children under five were stunted worldwide. This study examines whether parental investment moderates the association between maternal education and childhood stunting in Kenya. Methods The 2014 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey was used to examine the variation in childhood stunting, analysed using binary logistic regression. Subgroup effect modification models were utilized to incorporate the interactions between maternal education and parental investments: marital status, household size, number of antenatal visits and breastfeeding duration on childhood stunting. Results This analysis included 17247 children under 5 years. The results indicated that 26% of Kenyan children under five were stunted in 2014. The prevalence of stunting was greater among males (30%) than females (22%). There was an increasing adverse effect of decreasing maternal education levels on stunting as secondary education (odd ratios (OR)=1.63; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.40-1.98), primary education (OR=2.95; 95% CI=2.51-3.46) and no education (OR=3.07; 95% CI=2.56-3.68) relative to higher education. Breastfeeding for ≥12 months was associated with a lower risk of adverse effects of primary education (OR=3.03; 95% CI=1.82-3.36), compared to breastfeeding for <6 months (OR=4.01; 95% CI=1.11-15.50), relative to higher education. Smaller households (2-4 members) (OR=2.96; 95% CI=1.81-5.12) and 5-7 ANC visits (OR=2.22; 95% CI=1.50-3.43) diminished the adverse effects of no maternal education relative to higher education on stunting. Conclusions In Kenya, childhood stunting still is a critical public health challenge. Parents can invest more in their offspring through planning for fewer children, attending sufficient antenatal clinics, and providing adequate breastfeeding to moderate the negative effects of low socio-economics status on their children’s health.
PERANCANGAN ROBOT LINE FOLLOWER PEMADAM API
Authors: Krisna Danny Yudha , Satrio Sigit 
Published: November 2021

<em>Line Follower Robot</em> merupakan robot yang berjalan secara otomatis mengikuti garis yang memiliki warna yang berbeda untuk latar belakang. Dalam masalah desain dan implementasi yang harus dipecahkan adalah arsitektur hardware dari sistem visi robot yang meliputi perangkat elektronik dan mekanik, dan organisasi perangkat lunak basis pengetahuan untuk waktu nyata dan pengendali, <em>Line follower robot</em> memiliki tiga bagian umum, yaitu kaki dalam hal ini roda dan motor, sensor infrah merah dan photodioda mata dan otak pada robot line follower menggunakan mikrokontroler AT89S51.Basis pengetahuan berisi tindakan yang diambil oleh robot berdasarkan informasi yang diperoleh dari sensor, <em>robot follower</em> robot ini diharapkan dapat berjalan lancar ketika membaca garis tebal pada garis samping di jalur aslinya maka robot akan berhenti selama waktu 7 detik untuk memadamkan api setelah 7 detik robot akan berjalan kembali dengan hasil 70%
The Effectiveness of Ethyl Acetate Extract From Breadfrui (Artocarpus Altilis) Leaves to Inhibit Diarrhea-Causing Bacteria
Authors: Silviani Yusianti , Nirwana Ardy Prian 
Published: November 2021

Diarrhea is a health problem that commonly occurs in developing countries. Bacteria that cause diarrhea are among others Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhosa and Staphylococcus aureus. This research aimed to investigate the diameters of inhibition zones of breadfruit leaf (A. altilis) ethyl acetate extract in different concentrations against the growth of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The research applied an experimental laboratory by using a post-test control group design. This research was performed at the Bacteriology Laboratory of STIKES Nasional by using the diffusion disk method. The research showed the radical zone diameters against Escherichia coli with the concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%, were 6.16 mm, 6.41 mm, 6.74 mm, 7.49 mm, and 7.79 mm, respectively. The inhibition zones against Staphylococcus aureus were 8.15, mm 9.43 mm, 10.29, 10.38 mm and 11.42 mm, while against Salmonella typhosa were 7.94 mm, 8.87 mm, 10.15 mm, 10.26 mm, and 11.23 mm, respectively. The results of the ANOVA test showed the p-value=0.00 and the results of the LSD test revealed the differences in the inhibition effects of A. altilis leaf extract against the growth of E. coli, S. typhosa and S. aureus. This study concludes that concentration variations of Artocarpus altilis leaf ethyl acetate extract can inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhosa.
The Concept of «Nation» in New Russian Monographs
Authors: Задорнов Александр 
Published: November 2021

Настоящая статья представляет собою библиографический обзор публикаций 2019 года, посвящённых понятию «нация». Данное понятие входит в состав понятийного аппарата современной православной практической теологии, в частности дисциплины «Церковь, государство и общество», построенной как комментарий к документу Основы социальной концепции Русской Православной Церкви. В самом этом документе понятию «нации» посвящена отдельная глава, остающаяся актуальной и с точки зрения современных подходов к проблеме.
This article presents a bibliographic review of 2019’ publications devoted to the concept of «nation». This concept is part of the conceptual apparatus of modern Orthodox practical theology, in particular the discipline «The Church, State and Society», built as a commentary to the document on the Basis of the Social Concept of the Russian Orthodox Church. In this document itself, the concept of «nation» is devoted to a separate chapter, which remains relevant from the point of view of modern approaches to the problem.
Protection of Religious Freedom of Forced Migrants by International Law in Force
Authors: Киселева Екатерина Вячеславовна , Кажаева Ольга Сергеевна 
Published: November 2021

Как и в ветхозаветное, так и в настоящее время люди бывают вынуждены спасаться бегством ради сохранения своей жизни, убеждений и т. п. Однако, если в давние времена касательно защиты таких беглецов существовали лишь локальные правовые нормы, современное международное право имеет значительную степень универсальности и создает достаточно широкую основу для правовой защиты. Нередко в контексте вынужденной миграции встают вопросы вероисповедания. Данная статья посвящена проблемам, возникающим на стыке права человека на свободу вероисповедания и вынужденного территориального перемещения лиц, с позиций действующего международного права. Выявлены три основные точки пересечения свободы религии и убеждений, с одной стороны, и вынужденной миграции, с другой: стремление сохранить вероисповедание как причина бегства, защита свободы вероисповедания на территории убежища, свобода вероисповедания в контексте долгосрочных решений проблем вынужденных мигрантов. Применительно к каждому аспекту выделены международно-правовые основы и приведены примеры, иллюстрирующие далекую от безоблачности ситуацию на практике. Где это возможно, акцентируется внимание на тех проблемах, с которыми сталкиваются христиане. Изложению основного материала предшествуют фактологические выкладки как по вероисповеданию, так и по вынужденной миграции в мире.
As in the Old Testament, people are forced today as well to escape for the sake of preserving their lives, beliefs, etc. However, if in ancientry only local legal norms existed in respect of the protection of such escapees, contemporary international law has a significant degree of universality and creates a sufficiently broad basis for their legal protection. Religious issues often arise in the context of forced migration. This article is focused on the problems that arise at the intersection of the human right to freedom of religion and forced territorial movement of persons, from the perspective of contemporary international law. Three main points of intersection between freedom of religion or belief and forced migration were identified: the desire to preserve one’s faith as a cause of flight, the protection of freedom of religion in the territory of asylum, freedom of religion in the context of durable solutions to the problems of forced migrants. For each aspect, the international legal framework is reviewed and presented, and examples are provided to illustrate the situation that is far from being serene in practice. Where possible, attention is paid to the problems faced by Christians. The main material is preceded with background information both about religion and forced migration in the world.
Phase Ib/II trial of Ibrutinib and Nivolumab in Patients with Advanced Refractory Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Parikh Mamta , Tenold Matthew E. , Qi Lihong , Lara Frances , Robles Daniel , Meyers Frederick J. , Lara Primo N. 
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: Although immune checkpoint inhibitor-based therapy has improved the outcomes of many patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), most eventually develop disease progression. Newer agents that modulate immune response can possibly potentiate checkpoint inhibitor therapy. The ITK/ETK/BTK inhibitor ibrutinib has been reported to inhibit myeloid derived suppressor cells in preclinical models and to potentiate immunotherapy. We conducted an investigator-initiated trial of ibrutinib plus the PD1 inhibitor nivolumab in mRCC patients, particularly in those previously exposed to immune checkpoint inhibitors. METHODS: Eligible patients had mRCC of any histologic subtype, completed at least one line of prior systemic therapy which could have included prior immunotherapy, and had acceptable end-organ function with ECOG performance status of 0–2. Treatment consisted of nivolumab 240 mg intravenously every 2 weeks plus ibrutinib 560 mg (dose level 0) or 420 mg (dose level -1) orally once daily. Cycle length was 28 days. Dose limiting toxicity (DLT) was defined as any Grade 3 or higher adverse event (AE) attributable to therapy. After identification of the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D), up to 19 patients were enrolled to an expansion cohort to further evaluate toxicities and any early evidence of efficacy. The primary endpoints of the trial were establishment of RP2D and progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS: A total of 31 patients were enrolled, 6 to dose level 0, 7 (of which one was not evaluable for DLT) in dose level -1, and 18 in the expansion cohort. Median age was 60 years (range, 36–90), most had clear cell histology ( n = 27; 87%), and most had prior immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy ( n = 28; 90%). Three patients experienced one DLT each, all in dose level 0 (all Grade 3), namely elevated lipase, hypoalbuminemia, and nausea. No DLTs were seen in dose level –1 which was declared the RP2D. The most common Grade 3 or higher AEs include anemia ( n = 5), lymphocyte count decrease (4), nausea (2), and hypotension (2). Of 28 patients evaluable for response, one patient (3.6%) had a complete response, 2 (7.1%) had a partial response, and 11 (39.2%) had stable disease, for an objective response rate of 10.7%(95%CI: 3.7%–27.2%) and a disease control rate of 50%(95%CI: 32.6%–67.4%). All responders had received prior immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Median PFS was 2.5 months (95%CI, 1.9 –4.8) while median OS was 9.1 months (95%CI, 6.6 –19.0). CONCLUSIONS: Ibrutinib at a dose of 420 mg orally once daily in combination with nivolumab 240 mg IV every 2 weeks is feasible and tolerable in mRCC patients. No unique immune-related AEs were observed. Anti-tumor activity was seen in patients previously exposed to PD-1 targeted therapy.
Виготовлення авіаційних деталей з жароміцних нікелевих сплавів методом адитивного плазмового наплавлення
Authors: Гнатенко Михайло Олегович , Чігілейчик Сергій Леонідович , Сахно Сергій Сергійович 
Published: November 2021

The aviation part of the ring-type was made of heat-resistant structural alloy EI 868 (HN60VT) by the method of additive multilayer plasma surfacing with wire. The traditional technology for obtaining this type of ring blank is the stamping of rods, which are then brought to the final shape of the part by further machining. The disadvantage of traditional technology is the significant cost of metal, which in the process of machining the pressed rod, is converted into chips and not reused, which increases the cost of the finished product. The use of additive technologies will significantly reduce the cost of material in obtaining annular workpieces by manufacturing a workpiece with a configuration as close as possible to the geometry of the part. Additive surfacing was performed on a robotic complex consisting of a plasma power supply SBI PMI-350 AC/DC TL and work FANUC M-710iC on a rigidly fixed substrate of steel 20. To determine the possibility of obtaining aviation parts using the method of layer-by-layer plasma surfacing, a study of the deposited material was conducted The structure of the grown part was studied, it was found that the microstructure corresponds to the normal state of the alloy EI868 (HN60W) in the microstructure of the fusion line is not visible, the structure is homogeneous with the mutual germination of grains between layers. Alloy parts obtained using the method of additive cultivation are at the level of cast blanks and forgings and at T = 900oC are: sв =35±5 кгс/мм2,s0,2 =49±5 кгс/мм2, y = 62±5 %. After machining the grown workpiece, a capillary method of control and radiation control of the grown part - cracks and other types of critical metallurgical defects was not detected. The practical significance of the introduction of this method is a significant reduction in material costs in obtaining parts and ensuring economic efficiency, which is about 159 thousand hryvnias.