bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teaching Individuals with Down Syndrome and Moderate or Severe Intellectual Disability with The Aim of Their Acquiring, Retaining and Recalling Knowledge: An Intervention Programme for Discovering and Understanding The Environment
Authors: Lappa Christina S , Mantzikos Constantinos N 
Published: November 2021

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>Three adults with Down syndrome (DS, hereafter) and moderate or severe intellectual disability were taught the growth stages of wheat (cultivation, tillage, threshing), the products that are derived from it and how this staple human food grain is produced, with the aim of their acquiring knowledge, retaining it and being able to recall it from memory. A quasi-experimental baseline design was implemented. The participants were taught using questions and images, and their answers were examined and re-examined after withdrawing the initial training tools (questions and images) in order to show whether they were able to acquire, retain and recall the knowledge. The intervention programme lasted two months. In order to check the effectiveness of the intervention and the maintenance of the new information, as well as to draw the respective conclusions, evaluations were carried out before the intervention, immediately after it and two weeks after its completion. The results showed that the three participants acquired knowledge about the growth stages of wheat, its products and this staple human food, they retained that knowledge and were able to recall and narrate it in two subsequent probes conducted one and two weeks after the initial probe without the help of questions and images. The results of this intervention show that individuals with DS and moderate or severe intellectual disability can be educated and acquire knowledge, as well as retain and recall it. An additional important finding is that repeated recalling of knowledge promotes long-term retention. </span></p></div></div></div>
Effect of Electronic Health Records on Patient Satisfaction and Waiting Time at Selected Hospitals, in Addis Ababa
Authors: Kitesa Garoma , Mamo Ephrem , Teshome Ayele , Binu Wakgari , Abi Habtimer , Abdisa Fekadu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Electronic health records provide a great potential for improving the delivery of health services and decision-making abilities for all hospital stakeholders and for prudent management of health care resources.The main objective was to assess the effect of EHR on patient satisfaction and waiting time at Selected Hospitals, Addis Ababa.Methods: An institutional-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample size was calculated using a double population-proportion formula, which comprised 184. Statement to confirm that all methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. After receiving ethical clearance from the Institutional Ethics Review Board and the Addis Ababa Health Bureau IRB, formal letters were written to Yekatit12 Hospital and Menelik II Referral Hospital.Written consent was taken for participants. Epidata V3.1 and SPSS software V25 were used for data entry and analysis respectively. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the presence and degree of association between dependent and independent variables. Statistically significant variables were declared using an adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval.Result: The mean waiting time at Yekatit 12 HMC was 60.2 ± 48.2 minutes and 82 ± 56.8 minutes at Menelik. Similarly, 74 (83.1%) at Yekatit 12 HMC and 31.8% at Menelik II Referral Hospital were satisfied with the service. Eye contact, clear communication, accessibility of the service, explanations of the medical procedures, involving patients in clinical decisions regarding their health care, and active listening to their opinions and questions had statistical significance.Conclusion: Though patient satisfaction is not limited to those variables, overall client satisfaction and waiting time at Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College were higher than those at Menelik II Referral Hospital, that could be attributable to the installation of EHR. As a result, the federal MOH and the respective RHBs should implement EHR in all health-care facilities.
Reduction of Perioperative Blood Loss and Operating Time for Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair by Intravenous Administration of Tranexamic Acid
Authors: Kawaguchi Shinji , Fukuta Shoji , Kano Masashi , Sairyo Koichi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

(Background) Tranexamic acid (TXA) is widely used in hip and knee arthroplasty to reduce perioperative bleeding. Recently, its use has been expanded to arthroscopic surgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of preoperative use of TXA in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (RCR).(Methods) A cohort comprising 129 consecutive patients who underwent arthroscopic primary RCR at our institution was retrospectively investigated according to whether they received TXA (April 2018 to December 2020, TXA group, n=64) or did not receive TXA (April 2016 to March 2018, non-TXA group, n=65). TXA was administered at a dose of 1 g intravenously. Rotator cuff tears were repaired by the suture bridge technique. Videos of the arthroscopic procedures were reviewed and rated for visual clarity using a 10-point numeric rating scale. Arthroscopic procedures were divided into glenohumeral, resection of bursal tissue and acromioplasty, and RCR steps. Each step was rated separately. Age, sex, body mass index, hemoglobin level before and on days 1 and 7 after surgery, operating time, mean arterial pressure, tear size, and number of anchors used for cuff repair were compared between the two groups. (Results) There were no statistically significant differences in the patient demographic data. The operating time was significantly shorter in the TXA group than in non-TXA group (97.8 ± 21.8 min vs 116.2 ± 26.0 min). The clarity of the visual field was similar between the two groups during the glenohumeral phase but was significantly higher in the TXA group during the resection of bursal tissue and acromioplasty and RCR phases. Hemoglobin level was not significantly different between the groups on postoperative day 1 but was significantly higher in the TXA group on day 7.(Conclusion) Administration of a single intravenous dose of TXA improved visual clarity in arthroscopic RCR, decreased the total operating time, and reduced hemoglobin loss on postoperative day 7.
Construction of a Novel Prognostic Immune-Related LncRNA Risk Model for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Yang Gen-hua 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background and AimStudies have recently shown that immune-related lncRNAs play a vital role in the occurrence and development of human malignancies. However, the study in gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. Here, we aimed to identify immune-related lncRNAs and construct a risk score model to predict the prognosis of GC patients.Methods:RNA expression data and clinical characteristics of GC were download from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Immune genes were obtained from the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB). Immune-related lncRNAs were acquired by correlation coefficient between the immune genes and lncRNAs using “limma R” package and Cytoscape 3.6.1. The risk score model was constructed by univariate and multivariate Cox regression, and its prognostic value was verified in TCGA cohort. Results:A total of 146 immune-related lncRNAs were obtained compared 375 GC samples with 32 normal samples. A five immune-related lncRNA (AP001528.2, LINC02542, LINC02526, PVT1 and LINC01094) risk score model was constructed to predict prognosis of GC patients by Cox regression analysis. Moreover, GC patients with higher risk score had a poorer overall survival than that with lower risk score (P<0.001). Furthermore, ROC analysis revealed that the risk score model had the best predictive effect compared with clinicopathological features during 5 years followed-up (AUC = 0.679). Indeed, PCA analysis showed that the patients in the low- and high- group were significantly distinguished in different directions based on the risk score model. Conclusion:This study indicated that a five immune-related lncRNA risk score model possessed a satisfactory predictive prognosis, which might be potential prognostic biomarkers and immunotherapy targets for GC patients in future.
Oral Susceptibility to Ivermectin is Over Fifty Times Greater in a Wild Population of Anopheles Albimanus Mosquitoes from Belize than the STECLA Laboratory Reference Strain of A. Albimanus
Authors: Dreyer Staci M. , Morin Kelsey J. , Magaña Marla , Pott Marie , Leiva Donovan , Achee Nicole L. , Grieco John P. , Vaughan Jefferson A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: The STECLA strain of Anopheles albimanus Wiedemann has been in continuous colony for many years and is the reference strain on which genomic studies for the species are based. Recently, the STECLA strain was demonstrated to be much less susceptible to ivermectin ingested in a blood meal (LC 50 of 1468 ng/ml) than all other Anopheles species tested to-date (LC 50 values range from 7 – 56 ng/ml). The ability of A. albimanus to survive ingestion of ivermectin at concentrations far beyond that typically found in the blood of ivermectin-treated people or livestock ( i.e ., 30 – 70 ng/ml) could invalidate the use of ivermectin as a malaria vector control strategy in areas where A. albimanus is a primary vector. Methods: To investigate this, we captured host-seeking A. albimanus in northern Belize and conducted membrane feeding bioassays of ivermectin, using the same methods as described earlier with the STECLA strain. Results: Field-collected A. albimanus in Belize were 55 times more susceptible to ingested ivermectin than were the STECLA reference strain. Oral susceptible to ivermectin in wild A. albimanus from Belize (LC 50 of 26 ng/ml) was equivalent to that of other Anopheles species tested. Conclusion: Contrary to our initial assessment using a highly inbred laboratory strain of mosquito, we show that ivermectin treatment of livestock could reduce A. albimanus populations in areas of Central America and the Caribbean where malaria transmission may occur. Future toxicity screening of ivermectin and other systemic parasiticides for malaria control should consider examining wild populations of the vector species being targeted.
Model Construction of Material Distribution System Based on Digital Twin
Authors: Wang Yunrui , Jiang Ziqiang , Yue Wu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Aiming at the problems of poor periodicity of workshop material distribution, difficult prediction of station material demand time node and redundant distribution route, this paper proposes a model construction method of material distribution system based on digital twin. Build a material distribution control mode based on digital twin, and establish a full cycle material distribution mechanism on this basis to comprehensively optimize the distribution cycle from the material preparation stage, dynamic replenishment stage and data transmission stage of adjacent distribution cycles. Build the digital twin model of material distribution system, establish the material demand time node prediction operation mechanism based on LSTM, accurately predict the station material demand time node, establish the material distribution route optimization model with the lowest total cost, and optimize the AGV route. Finally, it is applied to the asynchronous card line workshop of A enterprise to verify the effectiveness of this method.
Cryo-EM structures of the translocational binary toxin complex CDTa-bound CDTb-pore from Clostridioides difficile
Authors: Kawamoto Akihiro , Yamada Tomohito , Yoshida Toru , Kato Takayuki , Tsuge Hideaki 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Besides two large cytotoxins (TcdA and TcdB), certain Clostridioides difficile strains also produce a binary toxin, called C. difficile toxin (CDT) composed of an enzymatic subunit involved in actin ADP-ribosylation (CDTa) and translocation pore (CDTb) that delivers CDTa into host cells through receptor-mediated endocytosis. CDTb is proposed to be a di-heptamer, but its physiological heptameric structure has not been reported to date. Here, we report the CDTa-bound CDTb-pore (heptamer) as a physiological complexes using cryo-EM. The high-resolution structure of the CDTa-bound CDTb-pore at 2.56-Å resolution revealed that CDTa binding to CDTb-pore induces partial unfolding and tilting of the first CDTa a-helix, and the translocation. In the CDTb-pore, the NSS-loop exists in “in” and “out” conformations, suggesting their involvement in substrate translocation through formation of weak, non-specific interactions. This structural information provides insights into drug design against hypervirulent C. difficile strains.
Economic Evaluations of Cervical Cancer Screening Methods: a Systematic Review
Authors: Sefuthi Thatohatsi , Nkonki Lungiswa Leonora 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer screening is an important public health priority with the potential to improve the detection of pre-cancerous lesions in high-risk females for early intervention and disease prevention. Test performance and cost-effectiveness differs based on the specific screening method used across different platforms. There is a need to appraise existing economic evaluations of cervical cancer screening. The objective of the present systematic review was to identify primary and model-based economic evaluations of cervical cancer screening methods, and to provide a contextual summary of associated outcomes associated with screening modalities. Methods: The review considered primary-based and model-based full economic evaluations of cervical cancer screening methods. Such evaluations methods include cost-effectiveness analysis, cost-utility analysis, cost-minimization analysis, cost-benefit analysis, and cost-consequence analysis. We searched the following databases for full economic evaluations of cancer screening methods globally: SCOPUS, Pubmed, National Health Economic Evaluation Database (NH EED), Cochrane, and Health Economic Evaluation Database (HEED). No date restrictions were applied. Model-based and primary-based full economic evaluations were included. A critical appraisal of included studies was performed by the main investigator, while a second independent reviewer assessed critical appraisal findings for any inconsistencies. Data were extracted using a standardized data extraction tool for economic evaluations. Data extracted from included studies were analysed and summarised to answer the study objective using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Dominance Ranking Matrix (DRM).Results: Out of 671 screened studies, 44 met the study inclusion criteria. Forty-three studies were cost-effectiveness analyses while two studies reported cost-utilities of cervical cancer screening methods.HPV DNA testing was reported as a dominant standalone screening test by 14 studies, while 5 studies reported VIA as a dominant standalone screening test. Primary HPV screening strategies were dominant in 21 studies, while three studies reported Cytology-based screening strategies as the dominant screening method. Conclusions: Evidence indicates that HPV-based and VIA testing strategies are cost-effective, but this is influenced by setting. Our review suggests the limited cost-effectiveness of cytology-based testing, which may be due in part to the need for specific infrastructures and human resources. Systematic Review Prospero Registration: CRD42020212454. The review protocol may also be found on Prospero.
tPRiors: A tool for prior elicitation and obtaining posterior distributions of true disease prevalence
Authors: Pateras Konstantinos , Kostoulas Polychronis 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Tests have false positive or false negative results, which, if not properly accounted for, may provide misleading apparent prevalence estimates based on the observed rate of positive tests and not the true disease prevalence estimates. Methods to estimate the true prevalence of disease, adjusting for the sensitivity and the specificity of the diagnostic tests are available and can be applied, though, such procedures can be cumbersome to researchers with or without a solid statistical background.Objective: To create a web-based application that integrates statistical methods for Bayesian inference of true disease prevalence based on prior elicitation for the accuracy of the diagnostic tests. This tool allows practitioners to simultaneously analyse and visualize results while using interactive sliders and output prior/posterior plots.Methods: Three methods for prevalence prior elicitation and four core families of Bayesian methods have been combined and incorporated in this web tool. |tPRiors| user interface has been developed with R and Shiny and may be freely accessed on-line.Results: |tPRiors| allows researchers to use preloaded data or upload their own datasets and perform analysis on either single or multiple population groups clusters), allowing, if needed, for excess zero prevalence. The final report is exported in raw parts either as .rdata or .png files. We utilize a real multiple-population and a toy single-population dataset to demonstrate the robustness and capabilities of |tPRiors|.Conclusions: We expect |tPRiors| to be helpful for researchers interested in true disease prevalence estimation and they are keen on accounting for prior information. |tPRiors| acts both as a statistical tool and a simplified step-by-step statistical framework that facilitates the use of complex Bayesian methods. The application of |tPRiors| is expected to aid standardization of practices in the field of Bayesian modelling on subject and multiple group-based true prevalence estimation.
Detection of Low-Level Parental Somatic Mosaicism for Clinically Relevant Snvs and Indels Identified in a Large Exome Sequencing Dataset
Authors: Domogala Daniel David , Gambin Tomasz , Zemet Roni , Wu Chung Wah , Schulze Katharina , Yang Yaping , Wilson Theresa A. , Machol Ido , Liu Pengfei , Stankiewicz Pawel 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Due to the limitations of the current routine diagnostic methods, low-level somatic mosaicism with variant allele fraction (VAF) <10% is often undetected in clinical settings. To date, only a few studies have attempted to analyze tissue distribution of low-level parental mosaicism in a large clinical exome sequencing (ES) cohort.
Methods
Using a customized bioinformatics pipeline, we have analyzed apparent de novo single nucleotide variants or indels identified in the affected probands in ES trio data at Baylor Genetics clinical laboratories. Clinically relevant variants with VAFs between 30-70% in probands and lower than 10% in one parent were studied. DNA samples extracted from saliva, buccal cells, redrawn peripheral blood, urine, hair follicles, and nail, representing all three germ layers, were tested using PCR amplicon next generation sequencing (amplicon NGS) and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR).
Results
In a cohort of 592 clinical ES trios, we have found 61 trios, each with one parent suspected of low-level mosaicism. In 21 parents, the variants were validated using amplicon NGS and seven of them by ddPCR in peripheral blood DNA samples. The parental VAFs in blood samples varied between 0.08–9%. The distribution of VAFs in additional tissues ranged from 0.03% in hair follicles to 9% in re-drawn peripheral blood.
Conclusions
Our study illustrates the importance of analyzing ES data using sensitive computational and molecular methods for low-level parental somatic mosaicism for clinically relevant variants previously diagnosed in routine clinical diagnostics as apparent de novo.
Optoelectronic and Birefringence Properties of Weakly Mg Doped ZnO Thin lms Prepared By Spray Pyrolysis.
Authors: Bouachibaa Yassine , MAMMERI ABDELOUADOUD , Bouabellou Abderrahmane , Oualid Rabia , Saidi Saber , Taabouche Adel , Rahal Badis , Benharrat Lyes , Serrar Hacene , Boudissa Moukhtar 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is is a multipurpose semiconductor with many uses such as ultra-capacitor electrode [1], spintronic devices [2], multigas sensing [3–6], piezoelectric devices [7], ultra-violet LEDs [8], detectors [9] as well as waveguides [10–12]. In its thin film form, ZnO has a large adaptation to several deposition methods such as chemical vapor deposition [13], pulsed laser deposition [14], spray pyrolysis [15], dip-coating [16] and electrochemical deposition [17]. ZnO has very interesting characteristics for application in electronics and optoelectronics devices, especially its exciton binding energy of 60 meV at 300K, a wide direct band gap of 3.37 eV [18]. In addition to an ordinary and extraordinary refractive indexes of ne = 2.006 and no = 1.990 respectively [19]. To modify its electrical properties, ZnO was doped with Group III elements such as Al, Ga and In which acted as donor dopants to reinforce its n-type electrical nature and group V elements such as N, P, As and Sb which acted as acceptor dopants which changed ZnO to be a p-type semiconductor [20]. Controlling the refractive index of ZnO thin films was achieved by several ways including thermal annealing [21] and doping with In [22], Te, N [23] and Mg [24]. However, the e↵ect of dopants on the optical and electrical properties of ZnO is still not well understood.