bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH COVID-19 TERHADAP AKTIVITAS SOSIAL DAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT LHOKSEUMAWE
Authors: Syahputra Angga , Armayani Reni Ria , Syahmalluddin Lia Salvia 
Published: January 2021

Dunia dikejutkan dengan kejadian yang tidak pernah ada sebelumnya. Penyebaran Corona Virus Disease-19 yang berawal dari China begitu cepat menyebar hampir ke seluruh penjuru dunia. Dalam waktu singkat, banyak korban yang meninggal dunia akibat terjangkit virus ini. Guna memutus rantai penyebaran Covid-19, berbagai wilayah melakukan kebijakan untuk melindungi masyarakatnya. Sejak ditetapkan menjadi pandemi, penyebaran Covid-19 berdampak ke segala aspek kehidupan termasuk sosial-ekonomi. Kota Lhokseumawe yang berada pada posisi strategis antara Provinsi Sumatera Utara dan Provinsi Aceh, juga mengeluarkan berbagai kebijakan guna melindungi masyarakatnya dari Covid-19. Lhokseumawe sendiri menjadi zona merah penyebaran Covid-19 sampai dengan Oktober 2020. Secara umum aktivitas masyarakat di Kota Lhokseumawe pasca penyebaran Covid-19 tampak tidak ada perubahan yang berarti terhadap aspek sosial-ekonomi. Untuk itu, penelitian ini dilakukan guna melihat dampak Covid-19 terhadap aspek sosial-ekonomi masyarakat Kota Lhokseumawe. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan sumber data utama didapatkan dari hasil observasi dan wawancara, sedangkan untuk melengkapi penelitian, digunakan kajian literature yang didapat dari penelitian terdahulu. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan, tidak ada perubahan yang berarti terhadap kegiatan sosial-ekonomi masyarakat di Kota Lhokseumawe pada masa Covid-19. Perbedaan sudut pandang dalam cara menangani Covid-19 bagi masyarakat Lhokseumawe menjadi penyebab utama tidak berpengaruhnya Covid-19 terhadap aktivitas sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat.
PEREMPUAN PENENUN: DARI BUDAYA KERJA HINGGA PENINGKATAN KESEJAHTERAAN KELUARGA
Authors: Tuwu Darmin , Hartia Hartia , Bahtiar Bahtiar 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: pertama, mengetahui budaya bekerja dan etos kerja perempuan Desa Pajam Kecamatan Kaledupa Selatan Kabupaten Wakatobi, kedua, mengelaborasi kontribusi perempuan bekerja sebagai penenun dalam meningkatkan pendapatan dan kesejahteraan keluarga. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif-kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam dan dokumentasi. Informan penelitian sebanyak 16 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pertama, budaya bekerja dan etos kerja perempuan Desa Pajam sangat tinggi yang diperoleh dari orang tua secara turun-temurun. Peran perempuan yang bekerja sebagai penenun sangat besar, di samping sebagai pendidik anak, pengelola rumah tangga, ibu rumah tangga juga dapat berperan sebagai pencari nafkah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga. Kedua, kontribusi perempuan penenun dalam menopang perekonomian rumah tangga sangat besar dalam menambah penghasilan rumah tangga, memenuhi kebutuhan hidup sehari-hari keluarga, dan menyelamatkan keluarga dari jeratan utang. Perempuan yang bekerja sebagai penenun mempunyai andil besar dalam menopang, mempertahankan, serta menjamin kelangsungan hidup dan kesejateraan keluarganya. Indikator kesejahteraan keluarga diukur dalam 5 hal pokok yaitu perumahan, pendidikan, sandang, kesehatan, dan pekerjaan.
Progression Risk Assessment of Post-surgical Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Based on Circular RNA-Associated Competing Endogenous RNA Mechanisms
Authors: Wu Mengwei , Li Shuo , Han Jiashu , Liu Rui , Yuan Hongwei , Xu Xiequn , Li Xiaobin , Liu Ziwen 
Published: January 2021

Background: Accurate risk assessment of post-surgical progression in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients is critical. Exploring key differentially expressed mRNAs (DE-mRNAs) regulated by differentially expressed circular RNAs (circRNAs) via the ceRNA mechanism could help establish a novel assessment tool.Methods: ceRNA network was established based on differentially expressed RNAs and correlation analysis. DE-mRNAs within the ceRNA network associated with progression-free interval (PFI) of PTC were identified to construct a prognostic ceRNA regulatory subnetwork. least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)–Cox regression was applied to identify hub DE-mRNAs and establish a novel DE-mRNA signature in predicting PFI of PTC.Results: Six hub DE-mRNAs, namely, CLCNKB, FXBO27, FXYD6, RIMS2, SPC24, and CDKN2A, were identified to be most significantly related to the PFI of PTC, and a prognostic DE-mRNA signature was proposed. A nomogram incorporating the DE-mRNA signature and clinical parameters was established to improve the progression risk assessment in post-surgical PTC, which was superior to the American Thyroid Association risk stratification system and distant Metastasis, patient Age, Completeness of resection, local Invasion, and tumor Size (MACIS) score American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system.Conclusions: Based on the circRNA-associated ceRNA RNA mechanism, a DE-mRNA signature and prognostic nomogram was established, which may improve the progression risk assessment in post-surgical PTC.
Hypermethylation of DHRS3 as a Novel Tumor Suppressor Involved in Tumor Growth and Prognosis in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Sumei Sha , Xiangyun Kong , Fenrong Chen , Xueguang Sun , Sijun Hu , Bin Bai , Xiaolei Shi , Yongjiu Tu , Kaichun Wu , Qingchuan Zhao , Yongzhan Nie , Bin Xu 
Published: January 2021

Background/AimsThe role of DHRS3 in human cancer remains unclear. Our study explored the role of DHRS3 in gastric cancer (GC) and its clinicopathological significance and associated mechanisms.MaterialsBisulfite-assisted genomic sequencing PCR and a Mass-Array system were used to evaluate and quantify the methylation levels of the promoter. The expression levels and biological function of DHRS3 was examined by both in vitro and in vivo assays. A two-way hierarchical cluster analysis was used to classify the methylation profiles, and the correlation between the methylation status of the DHRS3 promoter and the clinicopathological characteristics of GC were then assessed.ResultsThe DHRS3 promoter was hypermethylated in GC samples, while the mRNA and protein levels of DHRS3 were significantly downregulated. Ectopic expression of DHRS3 in GC cells inhibited cell proliferation and migration in vitro, decreased tumor growth in vivo. DHRS3 methylation was correlated with histological type and poor differentiation of tumors. GC patients with high degrees of CpG 9.10 methylation had shorter survival times than those with lower methylation.ConclusionDHRS3 was hypermethylated and downregulated in GC patients. Reduced expression of DHRS3 is implicated in gastric carcinogenesis, which suggests DHRS3 is a tumor suppressor.
Carbon Dioxide and Methane Flux Response and Recovery From Drought in a Hemiboreal Ombrotrophic Fen
Authors: Keane J. B , Toet S. , Ineson P. , Weslien P. , Stockdale J. E. , Klemedtsson L. 
Published: January 2021

Globally peatlands store 500 Gt carbon (C), with northern blanket bogs accumulating 23 g C m−2 y−1 due to cool wet conditions. As a sink of carbon dioxide (CO2) peat bogs slow anthropogenic climate change, but warming climate increases the likelihood of drought which may reduce net ecosystem exchange (NEE) and increase soil respiration, tipping C sinks to sources. High water tables make bogs a globally important source of methane (CH4), another greenhouse gas (GHG) with a global warming potential (GWP) 34 times that of CO2. Warming may increase CH4 emissions, but drying may cause a reduction. Predicted species composition changes may also influence GHG balance, due to different traits such as erenchyma, e.g., Eriophorum vaginatum (eriophorum) and non-aerenchymatous species, e.g., Calluna vulgaris (heather). To understand how these ecosystems will respond to climate change, it is vital to measure GHG responses to drought at the species level. An automated chamber system, SkyLine2D, measured NEE and CH4 fluxes near-continuously from an ombrotrophic fen from August 2017 to September 2019. Four ecotypes were identified: sphagnum (Sphagnum spp), eriophorum, heather and water, hypothesizing that fluxes would significantly differ between ecotypes. The 2018 drought allowed comparison of fluxes between drought and non-drought years (May to September), and their recovery the following year. Methane emissions differed between ecotypes (p &lt; 0.02), ordered high to low: eriophorum &gt; sphagnum &gt; water &gt; heather, ranging from 23 to 8 mg CH4-C m−2 d−1. Daily NEE was similar between ecotypes (p &gt; 0.7), but under 2018 drought conditions all ecotypes were greater sources of CO2 compared to 2019, losing 1.14 g and 0.24 g CO2-C m−2 d−1 respectively (p &lt; 0.001). CH4 emissions were ca. 40% higher during 2018 than 2019, 17 mg compared to 12 mg CH4-C m−2 d−1 (p &lt; 0.0001), and fluxes exhibited hysteresis with water table depth. A lag of 84–88 days was observed between rising water table and increased CH4 emissions. A significant interaction between ecotype and year showed fluxes from open water did not return to pre-drought levels. Our findings suggest that short-term drought may lead to a net increase in C emissions from northern wetlands.
Time-Scales of Inter-Eruptive Volcano Uplift Signals: Three Sisters Volcanic Center, Oregon (United States)
Authors: Rodríguez-Molina Sara , González Pablo J. , Charco María , Negredo Ana M. , Schmidt David A. 
Published: January 2021

A classical inflation-eruption-deflation cycle of a volcano is useful to conceptualize the time-evolving deformation of volcanic systems. Such a model predicts accelerated uplift during pre-eruptive periods, followed by subsidence during the co-eruptive stage. Some volcanoes show puzzling persistent uplift signals with minor or no other geophysical or geochemical variations, which are difficult to interpret. Such temporal behaviors are usually observed in large calderas (e.g., Yellowstone, Long Valley, Campi Flegrei, Rabaul), but less commonly for stratovolcanoes. Volcano deformation needs to be better understood during inter-eruptive stages, to assess its value as a tool for forecasting eruptions and to understand the processes governing the unrest behavior. Here, we analyze inter-eruptive uplift signals at Three Sisters, a complex stratovolcano in Oregon (United States), which in recent decades shows persistent inter-eruptive uplift signals without associated eruptive activity. Using a Bayesian inversion method, we re-assessed the source characteristics (magmatic system geometry and location) and its uncertainties. Furthermore, we evaluate the most recent evolution of the surface deformation signals combining both GPS and InSAR data through a new non-subjective linear regularization inversion procedure to estimate the 26 years-long time-series. Our results constrain the onset of the Three Sisters volcano inflation to be between October 1998 and August 1999. In the absence of new magmatic inputs, we estimate a continuous uplift signal, at diminishing but detectable rates, to last for few decades. The observed uplift decay observed at Three Sisters is consistent with a viscoelastic response of the crust, with viscosity of ∼1018 Pa s around a magmatic source with a pressure change which increases in finite time to a constant value. Finally, we compare Three Sisters volcano time series with historical uplift at different volcanic systems. Proper modeling of scaled inflation time series indicates a unique and well-defined exponential decay in temporal behavior. Such evidence supports that this common temporal evolution of uplift rates could be a potential indicator of a rather reduced set of physical processes behind inter-eruptive uplift signals.
Decreased Trabecular Bone Score in Patients With Active Endogenous Cushing’s Syndrome
Authors: Stachowska Barbara , Halupczok-Żyła Jowita , Kuliczkowska-Płaksej Justyna , Syrycka Joanna , Bolanowski Marek 
Published: January 2021

IntroductionThe impairment in bone microarchitecture and reduced bone quality are relevant mechanisms underlying the increased fracture risk in Cushing’s syndrome (CS). The trabecular bone score (TBS) is a relatively novel textural index of bone microarchitecture.PurposeThe objective of the study was to compare TBS, bone mineral density (BMD), and fracture risk in patients with endogenous CS to controls. We have investigated the association of TBS with anthropometric parameters and 25(OH) vitamin D concentrations.Materials and MethodsThe study group comprised 19 consecutive patients with CS (14 women and 5 men; mean age 45.84 ± 13.15 years) and sex-, age-matched 36 controls (25 women and men; mean age 52.47 ± 8.98 years). Anthropometric parameters, biochemical and hormonal data were compared between groups. Lumbar spine (L1–L4) and femoral neck BMD (LS BMD, FN BMD) measurements were performed. TBS values were obtained from lumbar spine DXA images.ResultsTBS was significantly lower in patients with CS compared to controls (p = 0.0002). The 10-year probability of hip fracture and the 10-year probability of a major osteoporotic fracture were significantly higher in the CS group than in controls (p = 0.03, p &lt; 0.0001, respectively). All subjects from the CS group with fractures had low TBS value (degraded microarchitecture). TBS correlated negatively with the duration of disease in patients with CS (r = -0.590 p = 0.008).ConclusionsThe patients with active CS have altered bone microstructure as indicated by the decreased TBS and are at higher risk of hip and a major osteoporotic fractures. TBS seems to be a very important analytical tool facilitating fracture risk assessment in endogenous hypercortisolism.
Construction and Analysis of a ceRNA Network in Cardiac Fibroblast During Fibrosis Based on in vivo and in vitro Data
Authors: Gao Qing-Yuan , Zhang Hai-Feng , Chen Zhi-Teng , Li Yue-Wei , Wang Shao-Hua , Wen Zhu-Zhi , Xie Yong , Mai Jing-Ting , Wang Jing-Feng , Chen Yang-Xin 
Published: January 2021

AimsActivation of cardiac fibroblasts (CF) is crucial to cardiac fibrosis. We constructed a cardiac fibroblast-related competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network. Potential functions related to fibrosis of “hub genes” in this ceRNA network were explored.Materials and MethodsThe Gene Expression Omnibus database was searched for eligible datasets. Differentially expressed messenger (m)RNA (DE-mRNA) and long non-coding (lnc)RNA (DE-lncRNA) were identified. microRNA was predicted and validated. A predicted ceRNA network was constructed and visualized by Cytoscape, and ceRNA crosstalk was validated. A Single Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (SGSEA) was done, and the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) was employed to analyze the most closely associated pathways and diseases of DE-mRNA in the ceRNA network. The functions of DE-mRNA and DE-lncRNA in the ceRNA network were validated by small interfering (si)RNA depletion.ResultsThe GSE97358 and GSE116250 datasets (which described differentially expressed genes in human cardiac fibroblasts and failing ventricles, respectively) were used for analyses. Four-hundred-and-twenty DE-mRNA and 39 DE-lncRNA, and 369 DE-mRNA and 93 DE-lncRNA were identified, respectively, in the GSE97358 and GSE116250 datasets. Most of the genes were related to signal transduction, cytokine activity, and cell proliferation. Thirteen DE-mRNA with the same expression tendency were overlapped in the two datasets. Twenty-three candidate microRNAs were predicted and the expression of 11 were different. Only two DE-lncRNA were paired to any one of 11 microRNA. Finally, two mRNA [ADAM metallopeptidase domain 19, (ADAM19) and transforming growth factor beta induced, (TGFBI)], three microRNA (miR-9-5p, miR-124-3p, and miR-153-3p) and two lncRNA (LINC00511 and SNHG15) constituted our ceRNA network. siRNA against LINC00511 increased miR-124-3p and miR-9-5p expression, and decreased ADAM19 and TGFBI expression, whereas siRNA against SNHG15 increased miR-153-3p and decreased ADAM19 expression. ADAM19 and TGFBI were closely related to the TGF-β1 pathway and cardiac fibrosis, as shown by SGSEA and CTD, respectively. Depletion of two mRNA or two lncRNA could alleviate CF activation.ConclusionsThe CF-specific ceRNA network, including two lncRNA, three miRNA, and two mRNA, played a crucial role during cardiac fibrosis, which provided potential target genes in this field.
Bactericidal Permeability Increasing Protein Deficiency Aggravates Acute Colitis in Mice by Increasing the Serum Levels of Lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Kong Qingli , Lv Zhe , Kang Yun , An Yunqing , Liu Zhenlong , Zhang Jianmin 
Published: January 2021

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to understand the role of bactericidal permeability increasing protein (BPI) in the pathogenesis of experimental murine colitis.MethodsWe used the Cre-LoxP system to generate BPI knockout (BPI KO) mice. Acute colitis was induced in BPI KO mice and wild-type (WT) mice by subjecting the mice to 5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Mice were observed for symptoms of experimental colitis. The survival of BPI KO mice to infection with Acinetobacter baumannii, a gram-negative bacterium, was also assessed.ResultsSouthern blot, RT-PCR, and western blot results showed that the 2nd and 3rd exons of the murine Bpi gene were knocked out systemically, confirming successful construction of the BPI KO mouse. BPI KO mice subjected to DSS showed increased symptoms of experimental colitis, increased colonic mucosal damage, increased epithelial permeability, elevated levels of serum LPS, and a disrupted fecal microbiome as compared with WT mice. Furthermore, BPI KO mice challenged intraperitoneally with A. baumannii died sooner than WT mice, and the total number of bacteria in the abdominal cavity, spleen, and liver was increased in BPI KO mice as compared to WT mice.ConclusionsWe successfully generated BPI KO mice. The BPI KO mice developed worse colitis than WT mice by increased colitis symptoms and colonic mucosal damage, elevated levels of serum LPS, and a disrupted microbiome. BPI could be a potential target for treatment of ulcerative colitis in humans.
Variable Expression of Programmed Cell Death Protein 1-Ligand 1 in Kidneys Independent of Immune Checkpoint Inhibition
Authors: Hakroush Samy , Kopp Sarah Birgit , Tampe Désirée , Gersmann Ann-Kathrin , Korsten Peter , Zeisberg Michael , Tampe Björn 
Published: January 2021

ContextDue to recent advantages in cancer therapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are new classes of drugs targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) or its ligand programmed cell death protein 1-ligand 1 (PD-L1) used in many cancer therapies. Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) is a potential and deleterious immune-related adverse events (irAE) in the kidney observed in patients receiving ICIs and the most common biopsy-proven diagnosis in patients who develop acute kidney injury (AKI). Based on previous reports, AIN in patients receiving ICIs is associated with tubular positivity for PD-L1, implicating that PD-L1 positivity reflects susceptibility to develop renal complications with these agents. It remains unclear if PD-L1 positivity is acquired specifically during ICI therapy or expressed independently in the kidney.MethodsPD-L1 was analyzed in experimental mouse models of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), folic acid-induced nephropathy (FAN), unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), and nephrotoxic serum nephritis (NTN) by immunostaining, SDS-PAGE, and subsequent immunoblotting. In addition, we included a total number of 87 human kidney samples (six renal biopsies with AIN related to ICI therapy, 13 nephrectomy control kidneys, and 68 ICI-naïve renal biopsies with various underlying kidney diseases to describe PD-L1 expression.ResultsWe here report distinct PD-L1 expression in renal compartments in multiple murine models of kidney injury and human cases with various underlying kidney diseases, including ICI-related AIN and renal pathologies independent of ICI therapy. PD-L1 is frequently expressed in various renal pathologies independent of ICI therapy and could potentially be a pre-requisit for susceptibility to develop AKI and deleterious immune-related AIN. In addition, we provide evidence that tubular PD-L1 positivity in the kidney is associated with detection of urinary PD-L1+ tubular epithelial cells.ConclusionOur study implicates that PD-L1 is frequently expressed in various renal pathologies independent of ICI therapy and could potentially be a pre-requisit for susceptibility to develop AKI and deleterious immune-related AIN. Because non-invasive detection of PD-L1+ cells in corresponding urine samples correlates with intrarenal PD-L1 positivity, it is attractive to speculate that further non-invasive detection of PD-L1+ cells may identify patients at risk for ICI-related AIN.
Cilomilast Ameliorates Renal Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis by Inhibiting the TGF-β1-Smad2/3 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Xu Man , Li Shumin , Wang Jiajia , Huang Songming , Zhang Aihua , Zhang Yue , Gu Wei , Yu Xiaowen , Jia Zhanjun 
Published: January 2021

Background: Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis is the key pathological feature in chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) with no satisfactory therapies in clinic. Cilomilast is a second-generation, selective phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, but its role in renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in CKD remains unclear.Material and Methods: Cilomilast was applied to the mice with unilateral ureteric obstruction (UUO) and renal fibroblast cells (NRK-49F) stimulated by TGF-β1. Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis and inflammation after UUO or TGF-β1 stimulation were examined by histology, Western blotting, real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. KIM-1 and NGAL were detected to evaluate tubular injury in UUO mice.Results:In vivo, immunohistochemistry and western blot data demonstrated that cilomilast treatment inhibited extracellular matrix deposition, profibrotic gene expression, and the inflammatory response. Furthermore, cilomilast prevented tubular injury in UUO mice, as manifested by reduced expression of KIM-1 and NGAL in the kidney. In vitro, cilomilast attenuated the activation of fibroblast cells stimulated by TGF-β1, as shown by the reduced expression of fibronectin, α-SMA, collagen I, and collagen III. Cilomilast also inhibited the activation of TGF-β1-Smad2/3 signaling in TGF-β1-treated fibroblast cells.Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that cilomilast is protective against renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in CKD, possibly through the inhibition of TGF-β1-Smad2/3 signaling, indicating the translational potential of this drug in treating CKD.
Muffin Technique Micrographic Surgery for Non-melanoma Skin Cancer
Authors: Surmanowicz Philip , Sivanand Arunima , Du Amy X. , Mahmood Muhammad N. , Gniadecki Robert 
Published: January 2021

Background: Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) is the gold standard treatment for high-risk facial non-melanoma skin cancer. However, patients' access to MMS is limited by cost. The muffin technique micrographic surgery (MTMS) is an alternative micrographic technique wherein the entire excised margin is evaluated post-operatively by a pathologist using paraffin-embedded material. Herein, we describe the implementation and the preliminary results of MTMS in an academic dermatology center.Objective: To describe the MTMS and outline its efficacy and safety in a real-world clinical academic setting.Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of all patients with basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) who underwent MTMS at the University of Alberta Dermatology Center from June 2016 until July 2019.Results: A total of 69 patients were included (64 BCCs and 5 SCCs). 68.1% of surgeries had clear margins following the first incision, 100% after second round re-excisions. There were no observed cases of tumor recurrence after a median 40 months of follow-up. There were no major adverse events or complications.Conclusions: MTMS is a superior alternative to simple excision of skin cancer by providing full margin control and residual tumor mapping.