bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of dipole in a stationary non-homogeneous electromagnetic field
Authors: Przybylska Maria , Maciejewski Andrzej J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe non-relativistic equations of motion for a dipole in a stationary non-homogeneous electromagnetic field are derived and analysed. It is shown that they are Hamiltonian with respect to a certain degenerated Poisson structure. Described by them dynamics is complex because the motion of the centre of mass of the dipole is coupled with its rotational motion. The problem of the existence of linear in momenta first integrals which can be useful for the separation of rotational motion is discussed. The presence of such first integral appears to be related with a linear symmetry of electric and magnetic fields. Also results of search of quadratic in momenta first integrals for uniform and stationary electromagnetic fields are reported. Deriving equations of motion of a dipole in arbitrary stationary electromagnetic fields and analysis of described by them dynamics is important for the construction of electromagnetic traps for polar particles.
SARS-CoV2 infection: functional and morphological cardiopulmonary changes in elite handball players
Authors: Fikenzer S. , Kogel A. , Pietsch C. , Lavall D. , Stöbe St. , Rudolph U. , Laufs U. , Hepp P. , Hagendorff A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThere is increasing evidence of cardiac involvement post-SARS-CoV-2 infections in symptomatic as well as in oligo- and asymptomatic athletes. This study aimed to characterize the possible early effects of SARS-CoV-2 infections on myocardial morphology and cardiopulmonary function in athletes. Eight male elite handball players (27 ± 3.5 y) with past SARS-CoV-2 infection were compared with four uninfected teammates (22 ± 2.6 y). Infected athletes were examined 19 ± 7 days after the first positive PCR test. Echocardiographic assessment of the global longitudinal strain under resting conditions was not significantly changed (− 17.7% vs. − 18.1%). However, magnetic resonance imaging showed minor signs of acute inflammation/oedema in all infected athletes (T2-mapping: + 4.1 ms, p = 0.034) without reaching the Lake-Louis criteria. Spiroergometric analysis showed a significant reduction in VO2max (− 292 ml/min, − 7.0%), oxygen pulse (− 2.4 ml/beat, − 10.4%), and respiratory minute volume (VE) (− 18.9 l/min, − 13.8%) in athletes with a history of SARS-CoV2 infection (p < 0.05, respectively). The parameters were unchanged in the uninfected teammates. SARS-CoV2 infection caused impairment of cardiopulmonary performance during physical effort in elite athletes. It seems reasonable to screen athletes after SARS-CoV2 infection with spiroergometry to identify performance limitations and to guide the return to competition.
Targeting of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli papG gene using CRISPR-dot nanocomplex reduced virulence of UPEC
Authors: Gupta Surbhi , Kumar Parveen , Rathi Bhawna , Verma Vivek , Dhanda Rakesh Singh , Devi Pooja , Yadav Manisha 
Published: September 2021

AbstractUrinary tract infections (UTI) are the most common infectious diseases in the world. It is becoming increasingly tough to treat because of emergence of antibiotic resistance. So, there is an exigency to develop novel anti-virulence therapeutics to combat multi-drug resistance pathogenic strains. Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) discovery has revolutionized the gene editing technology for targeted approach. The greatest obstacle for CRISPR/Cas9 is cargo delivery systems and both viral and plasmid methods have disadvantages. Here, we report a highly efficient novel CRISPR based gene editing strategy, CRISPR-dots for targeting virulence factor Fimbrial Adhesion (papG gene), the bacterial adhesion molecule. Carbon quantum dots (CQD) were used as a delivery vehicle for Cas9 and gRNA into CFT073, a UPEC strain. CQDs were covalently conjugated to cas9 and papG-targeted guide RNA (gRNA) forming a nanocomplex CRISPR-dots (Cri-dots) as confirmed by DLS and transmission electron microscopy. Cri-dots-papG significantly targeted papG as demonstrated by decrease in the expression of papG.Further papG deficient UPEC had significantly reduced adherence ability and biofilm forming ability as demonstrated by fluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Also, papG deficient UPEC had reduced virulence as shown by significantly increased survival of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) worms compared to UPEC. Our findings suggest that targeting of papG gene using Cri-dots nanocomplexes significantly reduced the pathogenicity of UPEC. Thus, Cri-dots nanocomplex offer a novel anti-bacterial strategy against multi-drug resistant UPEC.
Increased NKX6.1 expression and decreased ARX expression in alpha cells accompany reduced beta-cell volume in human subjects
Authors: Fujita Yukari , Kozawa Junji , Fukui Kenji , Iwahashi Hiromi , Eguchi Hidetoshi , Shimomura Iichiro 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPancreatic islet cells have plasticity, such as the abilities to dedifferentiate and transdifferentiate. Islet cell conversion to other characteristic cell is largely determined by transcription factors, but significance of expression patterns of these transcription factors in human islet cells remained unclear. Here, we present the NKX6.1-positive ratio of glucagon-positive cells (NKX6.1+/GCG+ ratio) and the ARX-negative ratio of glucagon-positive cells (ARX−/GCG+ ratio) in 34 patients who were not administered antidiabetic agents. Both of NKX6.1+/GCG+ ratio and ARX−/GCG+ ratio negatively associated with relative beta cell area. And these ratios did not have significant correlation with other parameters including age, body mass index, hemoglobin A1c, fasting plasma glucose level or relative alpha-cell area. Our data demonstrate that these expression ratios of transcription factors in glucagon-positive cells closely correlate with the reduction of beta-cell volume in human pancreas.
Phase transformation and subsurface damage formation in the ultrafine machining process of a diamond substrate through atomistic simulation
Authors: Nguyen Van-Thuc , Fang Te-Hua 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis report explores the effects of machining depth, velocity, temperature, multi-machining, and grain size on the tribological properties of a diamond substrate. The results show that the appearance of graphite atoms can assist the machining process as it reduces the force. Moreover, the number of graphite atoms relies on the machining speed and substrate temperature improvement caused by the friction force. Besides, machining in a machined surface for multi-time is affected by its rough, amorphous, and deformed surface. Therefore, machining in the vertical direction for multi-time leads to a higher rate of deformation but a reduction in the rate of graphite atoms generation. Increasing the grain size could produce a larger graphite cluster, a higher elastic recovery rate, and a higher temperature but a lower force and pile-up height. Because the existence of the grain boundaries hinders the force transformation process, and the reduction in the grain size can soften the diamond substrate material.
Probiotic Bifidobacterium longum supplied with methimazole improved the thyroid function of Graves’ disease patients through the gut-thyroid axis
Authors: Huo Dongxue , Cen Chaoping , Chang Haibo , Ou Qianying , Jiang Shuaiming , Pan Yonggui , Chen Kaining , Zhang Jiachao 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGraves’ disease (GD) is an autoimmune disorder that frequently results in hyperthyroidism and other symptoms. Here, we designed a 6-month study with patients divided into three treatment groups, namely, methimazole (MI, n = 8), MI + black bean (n = 9) and MI + probiotic Bifidobacterium longum (n = 9), to evaluate the curative effects of probiotics supplied with MI on thyroid function of patients with GD through clinical index determination and intestinal microbiota metagenomic sequencing. Unsurprisingly, MI intake significantly improved several thyroid indexes but not the most important thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb), which is an indicator of the GD recurrence rate. Furthermore, we observed a dramatic response of indigenous microbiota to MI intake, which was reflected in the ecological and evolutionary scale of the intestinal microbiota. In contrast, we did not observe any significant changes in the microbiome in the MI + black bean group. Similarly, the clinical thyroid indexes of patients with GD in the probiotic supplied with MI treatment group continued to improve. Dramatically, the concentration of TRAb recovered to the healthy level. Further mechanistic exploration implied that the consumed probiotic regulated the intestinal microbiota and metabolites. These metabolites impacted neurotransmitter and blood trace elements through the gut-brain axis and gut-thyroid axis, which finally improved the host’s thyroid function.
Burkholderia PglL enzymes are Serine preferring oligosaccharyltransferases which target conserved proteins across the Burkholderia genus
Authors: Hayes Andrew J. , Lewis Jessica M. , Davies Mark R. , Scott Nichollas E. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGlycosylation is increasingly recognised as a common protein modification within bacterial proteomes. While great strides have been made in identifying species that contain glycosylation systems, our understanding of the proteins and sites targeted by these systems is far more limited. Within this work we explore the conservation of glycoproteins and glycosylation sites across the pan-Burkholderia glycoproteome. Using a multi-protease glycoproteomic approach, we generate high-confidence glycoproteomes in two widely utilized B. cenocepacia strains, K56-2 and H111. This resource reveals glycosylation occurs exclusively at Serine residues and that glycoproteins/glycosylation sites are highly conserved across B. cenocepacia isolates. This preference for glycosylation at Serine residues is observed across at least 9 Burkholderia glycoproteomes, supporting that Serine is the dominant residue targeted by PglL-mediated glycosylation across the Burkholderia genus. Combined, this work demonstrates that PglL enzymes of the Burkholderia genus are Serine-preferring oligosaccharyltransferases that target conserved and shared protein substrates.
Optical and electronic properties of transparent conducting Ta:TiO2 thin and ultra-thin films: the effect of doping and thickness
Authors: Bricchi Beatrice R. , Sygletou Maria , Ornago Luca , Terraneo Giancarlo , Bisio Francesco , Mancarella Cristina , Stasi Lorenzo , Rusconi Francesco , Mogni Erika , Ghidelli Matteo , Biagioni Paolo , Li Bassi Andrea 
Published: September 2021

The evolution of optical and electronic properties of Ta-doped TiO2 films is investigated as thickness is decreased to 5 nm and as a function of Ta doping. The correlation with structural properties is discussed, showing a high degree of tunability.
Quality in the Time of Chaos: Reflections From Teaching, Learning and Practice
Authors: Kearns Áine , Gallagher Aoife , Cronin Jena 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
The global pandemic has significantly disrupted clinical practice and health professional education. In this commentary article, we describe our experiences from the perspectives of a student, a practice educator, and a lecturer in the Republic of Ireland as we adapted to online clinical practice, teaching, and learning. We outline the challenges as well as the shared learning that we experienced during this time of significant change.

Conclusions
The global pandemic has necessitated a significant change in practice and health education. Our struggles and successes during this challenging time have highlighted the importance of relationships and peer support in professional education and practice. Going forward, we must find a new balance in order to optimize in-person and online interactions as we attempt to navigate a post-COVID educational environment.
Fuzzy adaptive super‐twisting algorithm based sliding‐mode observer for sensorless control of permanent magnet synchronous motor
Authors: Wang Yongwei , Wu Jingbo , Guo Zhijun , Xie Chengwei , Liu Junjie , Jin Xin , Wang Zhifu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAiming at the issues of slow convergence, phase delay, and chattering in the sensorless vector control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) controlled by sliding mode observer (SMO), a fuzzy adaptive super‐twisting (ST) SMO sensorless control algorithm is proposed. The fuzzy adaptive algorithm is used to estimate the uncertain boundary and adaptively adjust sliding mode gain, which is used in the ST algorithm to accelerate the convergence speed of sliding mode gain, and eliminate the system delay caused by phase locked loop and phase compensation, and improve the estimation accuracy of speed and rotor position. In this algorithm, the sigmoid function is used instead of the signum function in the traditional SMO to suppress system chattering. Lyapunov stability theorem is used to obtain the stable conditions of position and speed observer at motoring mode. The saturated ST‐SMO algorithm is verified by Matlab/Simulink. The simulation results show that compared with the traditional SMO, the fuzzy ST‐SMO algorithm proposed in this paper has faster convergence speed in the variable speed and the variable load of PMSM sensorless control system, which has significantly reduced chattering, obtained more accurate speed and rotor position and has better dynamic response and robustness.
Geomagnetic activity recurrences for predicting the amplitude and shape of solar cycle n. 25
Authors: Diego Piero , Laurenza Monica 
Published: September 2021

Predicting solar activity is one of the most challenging topics among the various Space Weather and Space Climate issues. In the last decades, the constant enhancement of Space Climate data improved the comprehension of the related physical phenomena and the statistical bases for prediction algorithms. For this purpose, we used geomagnetic indices to provide a powerful algorithm (see Diego et al. [2010.J Geophys Res115: A06103]) for the solar activity prediction, based on evaluating the recurrence rate in the geomagnetic activity. This paper aims to present the validation of our algorithm over solar cycle n. 24, for which a successful prediction was made, and upgrade it to forecast the shape and time as well as the amplitude of the upcoming cycle n. 25. Contrary to the consensus, we predict it to be quite high, with a maximum sunspot number of 205 ± 29, which should be reached in the first half of 2023. This prediction is consistent with the scenario in which the long-term Gleissberg cycle has reached its minimum in cycle n. 24, and the rising phase is beginning.
Sporttherapie nach Sternotomie – Eine
Bestandsaufnahme
Authors: Fautz Gerrit , Dohmann Peter 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungDie mediane Sternotomie ist der Standardzugang für herzchirurgische
Eingriffe. Zur Vermeidung von postoperativen Wundheilungsstörungen oder
Sternuminstabilitäten werden üblicherweise
Verhaltensempfehlungen formuliert, die eine Vielzahl an Bewegungen und
Belastungen für unterschiedlich lange Zeit verbieten. Überaus
restriktive Bewegungseinschränkungen behindern eine optimale
Rehabilitation. Über Herkunft und Notwendigkeit von
Verhaltensempfehlungen nach Sternotomie ist wenig bekannt. Direkte Evidenz gibt
es weder für eine restriktive Vorgehensweise noch für eine
progressive Rehabilitation, die Oberkörperbewegungen und -belastungen
miteinbezieht. Die Formulierung von angemessenen Aktivitätsempfehlungen
statt von Bewegungsverboten könnte den Stellenwert und die positiven
Auswirkungen von Bewegung und Aktivität in den Mittelpunkt stellen und
damit Patienten eine Perspektive aufzeigen, wie sie selbst zu einem optimalen
Heilungsverlauf beitragen können. Ab welchem Zeitpunkt und in welcher
Intensität Oberkörperbelastungen in der frühen
postoperativen Phase erfolgen dürfen, wird seit Jahren kontrovers
diskutiert. Der Artikel gibt einen Literaturüberblick und beschreibt
Erfahrungen, die zeigen, dass ausgewählte und dosierte
Oberkörperbelastungen für viele Patienten in der kardiologischen
Rehabilitation sicher und effektiv durchführbar sind. Besonderen
Stellenwert hat ein individuell geplantes Training im Kraftraum.
Modern Imaging Techniques for Visualising Choroidal Morphology and Function
Authors: Munk Marion , Dysli Chantal 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe choroid is directly adjacent to the retina and consists of a dense vascular network that supplies the outer retina. Pathologies in the choroid can lead to changes in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors. Thus, the choroid plays a crucial role in the development of retinal diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR), pathologic myopia, and inflammatory diseases such as Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (VKH). Basic knowledge of the structure and physiology of the choroid, as well as diagnostic options for visualizing choroidal changes, provides a better understanding of the physiology and pathology of choroidal processes. This review provides an overview of the anatomy and function of the choroid, and describes the diagnostic techniques currently available to characterize and visualize the choroid. It also includes an overview of various retinal conditions, which are associated with choroidal
changes.
Effect of a Procedural Video on the Practical Fixed Prosthodontic Performance and Stress among Preclinical Dental Students
Authors: Inquimbert Camille , Ferré Aurélien , Pourreyron Laurence , Durand Jean-Cédric 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective The purpose of this article was to analyze the effect of an instructional video on practical tutorial and to ascertain whether an instructional video improves students’ performance on practical performance and reduces the stress associated with learning.
Materials and Methods A randomized controlled trial was conducted on a group of 78 first-year students. A pretest was conducted by administering questionnaires to evaluate the interest in the use of videos as well as the level of stress. Students were randomly assigned into two groups: control and test. Students assigned to the control group received conventional teaching, while the experimental group received both conventional teaching and watched a video. Thereafter, a satisfaction questionnaire was distributed to each of the groups, and they were awarded a grade.
Results A total of 98.7% of students wished to learn fixed prosthodontics through instructional videos, as they believed that the videos could reduce their worry and stress levels. At the end of the first tutorial, the total grade was significantly lower for the test group (p = 0.003). However, the subjective value of stress was significantly lower in the test group (p = 0.0007) as well as the subjective value of tutorial difficulty (p = 0.0004). Students felt that they better understood the objectives of the tutorial “thanks to the video” (p = 0.0001).
Conclusion This study did not reveal any improvement in terms of performance when an instructional video was used for tutorials in comparison with the conventional teaching method. However, the results show a reduction in the level of stress.
Effect of Interval Time between Corrosive and Abrasive Challenges on a Nanoparticulate Composite Resin
Authors: Vilela Ana Laura Rezende , Machado Alexandre Coelho , Queiroz Lucas Lemes , Batista Pedro Henrique Mauro , Faria-e-Silva André Luís , Menezes Murilo de Sousa 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effect of interval time after acidic beverage intake and brushing on roughness and hardness of resin composite.
Materials and Methods Nanofilled resin composites were tested as per interval time (no interval, 15 or 30 minutes) between aging media (isotonic, sports drink) and brushing. Specimens (n = 9) were subjected to three cycles daily for 5 days with immersion in beverage followed by simulated brushing (585 strokes). The brushing (control) group was submitted only in brushing cycles. Roughness and microhardness were analyzed in the baseline and end of the experiment. Surface morphology was analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Statistical analysis Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s honestly significant difference (α = 0.05).
Results Roughness was higher in no interval group and lower in 30 minutes and control. The 15 minutes present no statistical difference between control, 30 minutes and no interval. The hardness not present difference between groups. The SEM showed the no interval more roughness than 15 and 30 minutes, control and baseline.
Conclusion The interval time between erosive and abrasive challenge is important to preserve the smoothness surface of composite resin.
Pelvic Congestion Syndrome: A Missed Opportunity
Authors: Kaufman Claire , Little Nancy Ann 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background/Aims Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is pelvic pain for greater than 6 months with many potential causes one being pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS). PCS is diagnosed by clinical symptoms, exclusion of other etiologies, and imaging. Given the complex nature and diagnosis of CPP, we examined ordering and referral patterns in our local population to understand how the imaging findings of PCS correlate with patient symptoms and referral and treatment.
Materials and Methods After IRB approval, we searched all 18 to 70-year-old females with CT of the pelvis between March 2015 and March 2018 with the terms “pelvic” plus “congestion,” “varices,” or “vein dilation” in the dictation. Via electronic medical record and image review we collected data regarding demographics, clinical presentation, symptoms, imaging findings, ordering provider, and any follow-up/referrals or interventions regarding PCS.
Results A total of 96 patients were included of the 197 studies, with an average age of 47 years and average body mass index of 19.3 (n = 93) at the time of imaging. The reason for imaging was often acute abdominal or flank pain (n = 22) with 38% of cases ordered from the emergency room. Only 72 patients had documentation of clinical evaluation for symptoms of PCS. Notably, only 20 were referred for their symptoms, and only two patients were referred to IR. Both patients underwent successful endovascular intervention.
Conclusion CPP is a common cause of morbidity with PCS representing an underdiagnosed cause. We demonstrate that while imaging findings may be incidental, we are failing to capture and triage patients with clinical symptoms of PCS. Radiologists can play a key role in the care of these patients.
Disseminated Extramedullary Plasmacytoma with Unusual Cardiac and Pancreatic Involvement—Literature Review and Rare Case Report
Authors: Peter S. Babu , Nandhan V. Raghu , Sandhiya R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDisseminated extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is an unusual entity that has nonspecific imaging features at MRI. Nevertheless, knowledge of its imaging features and unusual locations might help radiologists to suspect it in the appropriate clinical scenario. Some noncontiguous EMPs might mimic lymphoma and MRI would be useful as a problem-solving tool in EMP and would help in treatment planning. We report an unusual cardiac mass in cardiac MRI, a detailed work-up of which led to the diagnosis of multifocal EMP involving the heart, ribs, pancreas, retroperitoneum, and soft tissues of the thigh, rarely reported in the literature.