bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance & Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engine fueled with Bio-Diesel along with Additives (NM, MTBE)
Authors: Ravula Eshwaraiah , Saikumar Cherku , Mahender Bonakurthi , Adarsh Bachewale , Vijayaraj S , kumar Shiva 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The significant quantity of power is expensive in transportation segment & industrial sector and also a critical command in meeting through CI engine in all over the world due to their greater performance as contrast to the conventional diesel fuels. However, there was a tremendous alarm regarding the crude oil products which are going to be depleted in near future. So, in this connection it is necessary to reach, the suitable fuels other than the fossil fuels and also on the other hand it is mandatory to control the expense of the both fuels. In this work an attempt is to be made to investigate the commercial use of suitable and non-toxic additives in order to improve the performance of an engine without sacrificing the functionality parameters. The main concern of this work is to utilize the maximum effective way to control the asserted parameters like emissions and combustion characteristics. This investigation carried out on a diesel engine fuelled with B100 (jatropha) with two additives, Nitro methane (Nm) and Methyl Tetra Butyl Ether (MTBE) are tested in kirloskar computerized diesel engine. Jatropha bio-diesel is a biodegradable, non-toxic, renewable fuel, environment friendly and do not build on globalwarming. Additives selected are based on the biodiesel characteristics, and economic feasibility. Additive MTBE is used for oxygenated and the other additive Nm is used as cetane booster.
Performance Analysis of a Conventional and Renewable Energy based Electric Power Generation Systems – A Comparative LCA Study
Authors: Leela Prasad N , Usha Sri P , Vizayakumar K , Srikanth R 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Electricity, a readily usable form of energy is much in demand in developing countries like India due to the increase in human population and their improved lifestyles. One of the criteria to achieve the developed country tag is per capita consumption of electricity. It means that all developed countries have energy-intensive economies. With climate change effects are coming into fore, countries started scrutinizing the sources of energy and electricity too. Resource intensive traditional or conventional sources of energy with matured technologies on one side and alternative energy technologies that include renewable with developed or yet to fully developed technologies on the other side are competing for electricity pie in almost in every country. This study adopts the Life Cycle Assessment methodology to determine the energy efficiency and environmental impact assessment of two competing electric power generation systems, one based on conventional energy source and another one based on the renewable energy source. It is a common knowledge that renewable systems have better energy efficiency as they do not consume fuel energy as input and also have lower carbon emissions. This study projects what extent they are better for a unit of electricity produced by both competing systems in terms of predefined metrics such as ERR/EPBT, GWP and GWMP in terms of CO2 equivalents and Green Rating for comparative purposes. The study results may be useful for policymakers as a component in the comprehensive decision-making process for energy planning to meet the future human need or greed for electricity with sustainability and also to achieve circular economy goals.
Investigations of contact stresses and wear parameters for pin on disc using different pin materials
Authors: Phani Raja Kumar K , Udaya Bhaskar S , Naga Lakshmi Devi P 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Wear component is an important factor influencing products service life which is based on material property and their behavior under given conditions. Therefore it is important to predict wear rate of components. In this paper we have discussed the wear parameters of pin on disc by varying pin materials. Numerical analysis was conducted on basis of load for different material components. When two bodies are in contact, contact pressure induces stresses in components.. Due to coefficient of friction, heat is generated between components. Hertz theory has been considered to determine the wear characteristic by using different pin materials on a steel disc. It was observed that aluminium alloy pin on steel disc generated low coefficient of friction, temperature rise and wear rate.
Analysis and optimization of circularity error in drilling Process using statistical technique
Authors: Venkateshwarlu N , Singaravel B , Chandra Shekar K , Deva Prasad S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Drilling is a complex manufacturing process and its process parameter optimization enhances machining performance. Titanium alloy is extensively used in automobile and aerospace sectors because of its inherent properties. However, it is categorized into difficult to machine because of its properties. In this work, drilling process is carried out on titanium alloy with different machining conditions. Cutting conditions used are dry, wet and dry with cryogenically treated drill. Experiments are executed as per L9 orthogonal array. Statistical approaches such as orthogonal array and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) are used to find the importance and effects of machining parameters. Process parameters are optimized and the effect of significance is estimated. Input parameters include feed, cutting speed and depth of cut. Output parameter includes circularity error. The result suggests that cryogenically treated carbide tool exhibits better machining performance than the dry and wet of non-treated tool and enhance sustainability in manufacturing.
Comparative Analysis of RPN and Criticality Index for Assessment and Prioritization of Dumper Breakdowns
Authors: Pradeep Kumar M. , Raju N. V. S. , Satish Kumar M. V. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Dumper is a repairable equipment which is used to carry and dump the coal in open cast mining (OCM). Due to the enhanced demand for thermal power, the consumption of coal has increased to generate electricity. To meet the demand, coal must be produced and supplied at right time in right quantity. Dumpers, which act as load transport system, carry the coal from the mine to the power plant. Interruptions in the dumpers in the form of failures may result in improper and delayed delivery of coal to the power generating unit. In the interest of proper delivery and production of coal, failures are to be minimized and the reliability of the dumper should be maximized. In this paper, a well-known reliability enhancement metric, i.e., failure mode effect and criticality analysis (FMECA) is used to identify the risk and criticality level of dumper breakdowns. Initially, FMEA is carried out to find out all potential failure modes of functionally significant components of dumpers and thereafter, risk priority number (RPN) and criticality index is computed for each identified failure mode. Further, a comparative analysis of RPN and criticality index is performed to find out the convenient approach to conduct criticality analysis in FMECA.
A Study on bond strength of normal concrete to high volume fly ash concrete
Authors: Naresh J , Lavanya B , Suresh Kumar K 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Now-a-days the deterioration of concrete is further current due to numerous reasons like improper bonding, corrosion of steel, inferior quality of materials any as improper accomplishment. The deterioration of concrete finishes up in reduction in helpful strength of concrete therefore necessitates the adoption of correct repairing ways in which some repairing/strengthening techniques of concrete structures frequently involve adding new concrete to associate existing concrete 0.5. The bond performance between the existent and repair concretes plays a awfully important role on the powerfulness of this strengthening strategy. Surface treatments like wire - brushing, sandblasting, water spouting, chipping, etc., unit typically adopted. The Bond strength at the interface depends on roughness of the substrate that successively depends on Cohesion and Friction at the interface.at intervals the gift study previous concrete substrates every at 450 angles with vertical and in addition the ash concrete as overlaid material were unreal to live the shear the parameters of the investigation embrace 1) totally utterly completely different grades of concrete substrate (M30 & M60) 2) Roughness condition at the interface (Smooth (as cast) &Rough (chipped indentations)) 3) The overlaid concrete with different percentages of cement replacement with ash (0%, twenty fifth and 50%) 4) Varying percentages of steel reinforcement resisting the shear at the interface (4 No’s of 4mm military intelligence (0.502%) and four No’s of 6mm military intelligence. The specimen adopted is additionally a customary prism size of 400mm X 100mm X 100mm.The take a look at conducted is ‘Slant Shear test’ as per SB 6319 zero.5 5.From shear tests it totally was found that the bond strength between the 2 interfaces was accumulated for twenty fifth ash content in overlaid concrete and reduced for five hundredth ash content in overlaid concrete all the same the roughness of the substrate. However, the magnitude of increase in bond strength relied on the roughness of the substrate. further the presence of Steel reinforcement (Substrate with no treatment for the roughness at the interface) accumulated the bond strength at the interface. From the determined Bond strength at the interface it's tried to estimate the planning constant of Cohesion and magnificence constant of Friction at the interface between the normal concrete and the fly ash overlaid concrete
Solar Grass Cutter Using Embedded Platform An Experimental Validation
Authors: Athina Dhanaraju , Kiran Kumar D , Kalyani R.B. , Vittal Kolli 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
These days, a manually handled machine is used for cutting the grass. The most used energy sources are gasoline and electric power. These sources are not eco-friendly. To reduce pollution as well as human efforts need to develop an automated machine that utilizes renewable energy sources such as solar energy. The main idea behind this paper is to develop a solar-powered grass cutter. A 12-volt battery is incorporated into an automated machine to power the motors used for vehicle movement as well as motors used for rotating the grass trimming blades. The D.C motors are used in this automated machine. The battery is charged through a charging circuit. Particularly in this research work, we have focused on the automated machine is used for trimming the grass. The machine is made up of linear-rotary blades. These blades are functions with the support of the motors. A battery is used for power supply to the motors. A solar panel, as well as an A.C power supply circuit, are cast-off to charge the battery. Ultrasonic sensors are used to detect an obstacle in the path of an automated machine. If any deviation in the traveling path, the automated machine finds the new path to travel by using a free direction sensor. In the future, robotics will play a key role worldwide.
Evaluation of mechanical and antimicrobial properties for indigenously developed Biofilm for food packaging industries
Authors: Rengaraju Balakrishnaraja , Jeevanantham M , Shanmugaraja S , Selvakumar A , Tamilselvi S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The preparation of the film based on aloe vera gel and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were carried out in this work. The film has high adhesion due to the presence of polyvinyl alcohol. The mechanical properties like tensile strength and the transparency of the film were tested. The temperature withstanding ability of the film is tested with Thermo gravimetric analysis. The functional groups of the film were identified. The films prepared were evaluated by incorporation of an antifungal and an antibacterial agent which shows marked inhibition on growth of mold, yeast and bacteria. The Shelf life of the vegetables was tested using the film.
Cloud based smart wireless and health care monitoring system
Authors: Nithya Priya S , Ranjith Kumar M , Nibin Sabari Anand N 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
People are facing several health issues due to the stress and unhealthy food habits. But the greater issue being the ignorance towards these two. On this regard we proposed a new idea that is a smart blood pressure and glucose level monitoring system through sensor monitoring system anybody can measure the blood pressure and glucose level, this sensor was interfaced with IOT through raspberry-pi. At first the data of the person’s average blood pressure and glucose level is stored as a data in cloud, and as per the measurements of daily or monthly basis the data will be compared with the cloud through HTTP and MQTT Protocol. If there any changes found in the data, it will automatically forward the message to the hospitals through that the doctor can suggest the person regarding daily routine food through this we can avoid major health problems.
An algorithmic approach for minimizing test power in VLSI circuits
Authors: Poornimasre J. , Rajaguru Hari Kumar 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Testing is an approach to check the function of the circuit or device under the test after its fabrication. To test the device, test patterns are required. The test patterns can be generated with the help of EDA tool. Those patterns having huge number of unfilled bits. The unfilled bits need to be assigned with certain logical value. This paper proposed two new algorithms. First algorithm assigns the unfilled bits with effective logical value and second algorithm change the order of test set and both algorithms aims to reduce the test power. Investigation on benchmark circuits shows that, the results of proposed algorithms effectively reduces the test power.
Mechanical Concept on Design and Development of Irrigation System to Help Rural Farmers for Their Agriculture Purpose During Unavailability of External Power
Authors: Nayak Ramesh Chandra , Roul Manmatha K. , Sarangi Abhisek , Sarangi Asish , Sahoo Abinash 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Odisha is one of the states in India, where almost 70% families depend on agriculture. Odisha is a common destination for tropical cyclones that generally initiate in the Bay of Bengal. These cyclones destroy the total agriculture system and electricity infrastructure of Odisha every year. Agriculture is the backbone of the economy of any state. Economy can be boosted by the adoption of modern technology and advanced irrigation methods. Continuous irrigation is only possible by using pumps which is operated by diesel, petrol, kerosene or electric power connected with tube well. For such type of arrangement farmers generally depend on electricity, petrol or diesel. But due to continuous electric failure for number of days as a result of frequent cyclones, farmers suffer a lot. With continuous increase in the prices of petrol, diesel, kerosene or electricity, poor farmers find it difficult to bear the cost. The aim and purpose of this work is to develop an irrigation system to help farmers for irrigation purpose to obtain better yields in agriculture with minimum expenses. In the present work mechanical concepts such as Mechanical Advantage (MA), Velocity Ratio (VR), Efficiency, energy storage concepts are used. The system consists of gears, flywheel, handle, bearings and other assembly unit. This arrangement is placed on a frame which is made up of mild steel angles having dimension 40 x 40 x 5 mm. A shaft having 25 mm diameter is used with a flywheel and four numbers of bearings. Driver and driven gears having 200 and 40 number of teethes in simple gear train arrangement are taken in this work. The concept is very simple and its manufacturing process is also very easy. There will be no issue for such type of product as it is environmental friendly and the main purpose of this system is to save the environment and reduce pollution. The idea can be easily implemented because here the input materials are easily available. So by using this system there is no need of any electric supply for irrigation purpose. The work presented here is innovative in nature and has not been developed by any other researchers in the past. By using this system even weak and physically disabled persons can lift water for the purpose of agriculture without any difficulty.
Multi-response optimization of the Thermal properties of Bio fluids using Taguchi-Grey Analysis
Authors: Selvalakshmi  , Karthikeyan I , Immanual R , Paul Vinofer A , Varadha E , Chokkalingam B 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In order to study and investigate the overall performance of bio fluids for solar thermal applications, this work consists of integration of Taguchi method with Taguchi Grey Relational Analysis. The preparation of bio fluids has three levels of input control parameters such as Type of oil, Percentage of concentration and Stirrer speed. Output optimization indicators for the experiment were chosen as Thermal conductivity, Density and Viscosity. The comparative study made consists of coconut oil, sunflower oil and castor oil in the bio fluids preparation. These oils are available readily in the market and are quite inexpensive. The bio fluids are prepared by mixing the above oil with water in appropriate concentration. The experiment is run for the optimal solution using Taguchi analysis using L9 orthogonal array. The influential parameters which are significant in contributing the performance of bio fluids were studied using ANOVA table. After multi objective parametric optimization, the control parameters optimization level shows the use of Sunflower oil with 15% concentration at 15000 RPM stirrer speed produces the optimal performance. Based on the Ranking and Sum of squares from ANOVA table, it is evident that the most influential parameter is the type of oil followed by Percentage of concentration and Stirrer speed respectively.
Comparative study of Al6061 and AlSi10Mg produced by Selective Laser Melting Process
Authors: Sabarinivas A , Subramanian Dr R 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Alloy 6061 has an excellent corrosion resistance property. The main advantage of the Aluminium alloy is lightweight. The alloy may be high in strength and suitable for heat treatment. This article discusses the comparison between two different materials namely As-received Al6061 and AlSi10Mg of the component produced by Selective Laser Melting process (SLM). Selective Laser Melting is one of the techniques of Additive Manufacturing or 3D printing. In recent years, Additive manufacturing is increasingly used in several industries including healthcare, automotive, aerospace and defence.
Performance Optimization of Thermoelectric Generators using Taguchi Method
Authors: Ragupathi P. , Barik Debabrata , Aravind S. , Vignesh G. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The thermoelectric generators (TEGs) are devices that are utilized to convert the heat energy into electrical energy directly and the working principle of this device is based on See beck effect. Thermoelectric power production is a smart method for the direct translation of heat energy into an electrical one. This work explores a method to get the optimum process parameters on the performance of various TEGs by finding the conversion efficiency to recover the waste heat and converts it into electricity. For this purpose, an experimental setup was designed and fabricated to determine the performance of TEGs. The TEGs made by Bismuth Telluride (Bi2Te3), Lead Telluride (PbTe), and Aluminium Oxide (Al2O3) were taken for the performance analysis. The process variables are heat input, TEG material and temperature difference. The experiments were conducted by using Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array to reduce the number of experiments. The results found that the heat input of 90W, TEG material of Bi2Te3 and the temperature difference of 75°C gives the maximum conversion efficiency of 2.45% from thermal to electrical energy. The statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the most influential parameter on the performance of TEGs was heat input. The R2 and R2 (adj) values were found to be 93.25% and 86.50%, this shows that the developed model is significant and can predict the optimal solution.
Design and fabrication of sanitizer sprinkler robot for covid- 19 hospitals
Authors: Sundar raju G , Sivakumar K , Ramakrishnan A , Selvamuthukumaran D , Sakthivel Murugan E 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The world is severely affected by the Covid-19 pandemic health-care workers are hostile to work inside of COVID-19 hospital due to social distancing. Supplying essentials food and delivering medicine in hospitals has a challenge. To address the need of the World health organization and the certified sanitizing system is a solution for personnel and surface decontamination. To overcome the problem developed automatic portable sanitizing equipment for spraying sanitization solution. The portable sanitizer unit is attached to the top of the mobile robot. The system integrates a sprinkler mechanism and is used to distribute air and disinfectant fluid mixture. The mobile robot main components consist of a DC motor, Bluetooth module, Arduino, Motor driver, Submergible pump, Sprinkler, Battery, DC Converters are used. The system is capable of sanitizing the floors of hospitals. The application area can include hospital corridors, medical shops, operation theatre, walking pathways, doctor room, testing center, and patient room, etc.
Susceptibility of Sesbagrandiflorain B against Chlorination: A DFT Study
Authors: Nurhayati Mita , Aziz Hafiz Aji , Martoprawiro Muhamad Abdulkadir 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSesbagrandiflorain B is a novel aryl benzofuran derivative isolated from Sesbania grandiflora. Due to its novelty, there is almost no study on the reactivity and properties on this compound. In this study, we perform calculation to determine the reactivity of sesbagrandiflorain B against chlorination reaction based on fukui indices and energy calculation of reactant, intermediate, and product structures. The properties of the system are calculated using DFT B3LYP/6-311++g(d), and to simulate the effect of solvent we employ polarizable continuum model (PCM) on GAMESS-US 2018 package software. From the structure of sesbagrandiflorain B, there are five possible positions that susceptible to chlorination. The energy of reaction in those positions are significantly different from each other with energy of the intermediate formations are 446.48 kJ, 428.06 kJ, 428.63 kJ, 364.08 kJ, and 388.86 kJ, indicating that the selectivity of sesbagrandiflorain B against chlorination reaction. The intermediate formation of sesbagrandiflorain B chlorination that is simulated without solvent tend to be endothermic while the implementation of PCM to the system significantly reduce the intermediate energy, suggesting that the solvent promote the reaction to be thermodynamically driven. For some position, the solvent also stabilizes the product of chlorination reaction.