bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Der Tunnelbauvertrag – Eine Bestandsaufnahme
Authors: Karasek Georg 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn tunnel construction there is a clear need for specific contractual regulations, as unforeseen events make it far more difficult to predict the construction measures required than is the case in above‐ground construction. Tunnel construction contracts must make provision for all such events associated with changes in performance to ensure conflict‐free invoicing wherever possible. Conflict avoidance begins at the tender phase. In addition to the two ÖNorm B 2203 standards, the Guideline for the Geotechnical Design of Underground Structures with Conventional Excavation is an important basis for tunnelling contracts. Austrian standard ÖNorm B 2118 also plays a major role in tunnel construction as the agreed contractual basis in most cases. It contains contractual provisions for building services based on the partnership model and is intended for large‐scale projects and complex construction works. In future, other alternative contract models with a partnership approach could become an even greater focus of attention. For instance, the alliancing contract model is particularly suitable for complex, technically challenging projects requiring innovative solutions. The early involvement of all key project participants is intended to reduce design errors and encourage innovation.
Standortoptimierung ÖBB Kraftwerk Spullersee – Bauen zwischen Naturjuwel und alpinen Extremen
Authors: Sinkovec Christoph , Wippersberger Markus , Tschofen Josef 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe construction site is located close to the Spullersee, one of the most impressive mountainsides in the Alps, and is part of the ÖBB Spullersee power station, which is used to generate green 16.7 Hz traction current. The Spullersee, a formerly natural mountain lake, is located over 1800 m a.s.l.in the municipality of Dalaas in Vorarlberg. After almost a century of generating electricity, essential parts of the plant have reached the end of service life, resulted in essential facility renewals as well as numerous operational optimizations in the last two years. In a first construction phase, a new access tunnel to the existing apparatus chamber had to be excavated before seasonal winter closure of the access road. For the winter construction phase, thousands of tons of building materials were stored on the construction site in order to replace the old system parts in the area of the lake‐side apparatus chamber after the Spullersee had been completely emptied. Due to high‐alpine location of the site in one of the snowiest regions in Austria, not just working in winter was challenging, but also access. In winter the site was achieved only by using a small cable car and a narrow footpath through the almost two‐kilometer‐long pipe tunnel. This was not everyone's cup of tea.
Statistical testing in transcriptomic‐neuroimaging studies: A how‐to and evaluation of methods assessing spatial and gene specificity
Authors: Wei Yongbin , de Lange Siemon C. , Pijnenburg Rory , Scholtens Lianne H. , Ardesch Dirk Jan , Watanabe Kyoko , Posthuma Danielle , van den Heuvel Martijn P. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMultiscale integration of gene transcriptomic and neuroimaging data is becoming a widely used approach for exploring the molecular underpinnings of large‐scale brain organization in health and disease. Proper statistical evaluation of determined associations between imaging‐based phenotypic and transcriptomic data is key in these explorations, in particular to establish whether observed associations exceed “chance level” of random, nonspecific effects. Recent approaches have shown the importance of statistical models that can correct for spatial autocorrelation effects in the data to avoid inflation of reported statistics. Here, we discuss the need for examination of a second category of statistical models in transcriptomic‐neuroimaging analyses, namely those that can provide “gene specificity.” By means of a couple of simple examples of commonly performed transcriptomic‐neuroimaging analyses, we illustrate some of the potentials and challenges of transcriptomic‐imaging analyses, showing that providing gene specificity on observed transcriptomic‐neuroimaging effects is of high importance to avoid reports of nonspecific effects. Through means of simulations we show that the rate of reported nonspecific effects (i.e., effects that cannot be specifically linked to a specific gene or gene‐set) can run as high as 60%, with only less than 5% of transcriptomic‐neuroimaging associations observed through ordinary linear regression analyses showing both spatial and gene specificity. We provide a discussion, a tutorial, and an easy‐to‐use toolbox for the different options of null models in transcriptomic‐neuroimaging analyses.
Communication of nutrition information by influencers on social media: A scoping review
Authors: Rogers Alice , Wilkinson Shelley , Downie Olivia , Truby Helen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIssue addressedAlthough government promoted public health, social media and media campaigns have communicated nutrition information, the Australian population remains chronic under‐consumers of fruit and vegetables and overconsumers of ultra‐processed foods. This scoping review aimed to determine how social media influencers (SMI) communicate nutrition information and the factors that influence the popularity of messages. Identified factors could inform how governments may utilise social media to impact positively on food choices.MethodsNine databases were searched in the past 5 years (2016‐2021). After relevant sources were identified, entire texts of the grey literature and the “Results” sections of the academic literature were coded. Using Microsoft Word, each key feature of the relevant text was highlighted, and the relevant code was recorded. Inductive coding was utilised where codes were created based on the text itself. These codes were then sorted iteratively into relevant themes and subthemes.ResultsEleven studies were included. From these sources, five themes were identified. These were, (i) promoting dietary change, (ii) certain modes/styles of content delivery, (iii) an attractive individual, (iv) language features and (v) appearing connected to the audience.ConclusionSMI are selective in their content and communication techniques to ensure their nutrition messages are popular with social media users. These methods exhibited by SMI could inform strategies to build trust in government messages about food and nutrition.
Developing metabolic gene signatures to predict intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma prognosis and mining a miRNA regulatory network
Authors: Ran Xun , Luo Jun , Zuo Chaohai , Huang YongYe , Sui Yi , Cen JunHua , Tang Shengli 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundMetabolic disturbance is closely correlated with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC), and we aimed to identify metabolic gene marker for the prognosis of IHCC.MethodsWe obtained expression and clinical data from 141 patients with IHCC from public databases. Prognostic metabolic genes were selected using univariate Cox regression analysis. Unsupervised cluster analysis was applied to identify IHCC subtypes, and CIBERSORT was used for immune infiltration analysis of different subtypes. Then, the metabolic gene signature was screened using multivariate Cox regression analysis and the LASSO algorithm. The prognostic potential and regulatory network of the metabolic gene signature were further investigated.ResultsWe screened 228 prognosis‐related metabolic genes. Based on their expression levels, IHCC samples were divided into two subtypes, which showed significant differences in survival and immune cell infiltration. After LASSO analysis, eight metabolic genes including CYP19A1, SCD5, ACOT8, SRD5A3, MOGAT2, PFKFB3, PPARGC1B, and RPL17 were identified as the optimal genes for the prognosis signature. The prognostic model had excellent predictive abilities, with areas under the receiver‐operating characteristic curves over 0.8. A nomogram model was also established based on two independent prognostic clinical factors (pathologic stage and prognostic model), and the generated calibration curves and c‐indexes determined its excellent accuracy and discriminative ability to predict 1‐ and 5‐year survival status (c‐indexes>0.7). Finally, we found that miR‐26a‐5p, miR‐27a‐3p, and miR‐27b‐3p were the upstream regulators that mediate the involvement of gene signatures in metabolic pathways.ConclusionWe developed eight metabolic gene signatures to predict IHCC prognosis and proposed potential upstream regulatory axes of gene signatures.
From alcohol to aggression: Examining the structure and nomological network of dysregulated behaviors in a trauma‐exposed community sample
Authors: Bresin Konrad , Mekawi Yara , Stevens Jennifer S. , Hinrichs Rebecca , Fani Negar , Michopoulos Vasiliki , Powers Abigail 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveA large body of research has shown that alcohol use, drug use, aggression, and self‐harm often co‐occur within the same individuals, suggesting the possibility of shared etiologies. Research has yet to determine the factor structure of these dysregulated behaviors.MethodsParticipants (Mage = 40.33; 74% women) completed self‐report and interview‐based measures of dysregulated behaviors (alcohol use, drug use, aggression, and self‐harm), emotion dysregulation, maladaptive personality traits, and symptoms ofDSMdisorders (e.g., borderline personality disorder [BPD], depression).ResultsResults showed support for a bifactor model (i.e., all indicators load on a common dysregulated behavior factor and on unique alcohol, drug, aggression, and self‐harm factors), which provided a better fit to the data than other models. In line with our hypotheses, the general dysregulated behavior factor was positively associated with emotion regulation difficulties, negative affect, and BPD symptoms.ConclusionsThese results have implications for several areas of psychopathology and intervention research.
Psychological status of mass people in the capital city of Bangladesh during COVID‐19: Do home quarantine challenges matter?
Authors: Rahman Md. Mizanur , Rahaman Md. Saidur 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to identify the impact of home quarantine challenges on the psychological status of mass people during Coronavirus Disease (COVID‐19) in the capital city (Dhaka) of Bangladesh. A highly organized questionnaire was created in “Google Form” and given to respondents at random via multiple social media sites, including WhatsApp, LinkedIn, and Messenger. However, a sample size of 208 people was taken and analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and Analysis of a Moment Structures software. Analysis showed that home quarantine challenges are positively related to the psychological status and home quarantine challenges have a significant impact on psychological status during COVID‐19. In Bangladesh, the major challenges to home quarantine are lack of consciousness, lack of medical support, and the possibility of losing their current jobs. This study provides insight into the challenges of home quarantine and the psychological status of Bangladeshi people. The findings may be helpful for policymakers in identifying necessary measures to overcome these challenges. Only Dhaka division was taken out of seven divisions in Bangladesh to conduct this study, which might be difficult to generalize the findings of this study. Thus, in the future, it is suggested that more respondents from other divisions need to be covered.
The metabolic landscape in chronic rotator cuff tear reveals tissue‐region‐specific signatures
Authors: Olie Cyriel Sebastiaan , van Zeijl René , el Abdellaoui Salma , Kolk Arjen , Overbeek Celeste , Nelissen Rob G.H.H. , Heijs Bram , Raz Vered 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundDegeneration of shoulder muscle tissues often result in tearing, causing pain, disability and loss of independence. Differential muscle involvement patterns have been reported in tears of shoulder muscles, yet the molecules involved in this pathology are poorly understood. The spatial distribution of biomolecules across the affected tissue can be accurately obtained with matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI‐MSI). The goal of this pilot study was to decipher the metabolic landscape across shoulder muscle tissues and to identify signatures of degenerated muscles in chronic conditions.MethodsPaired biopsies of two rotator cuff muscles, torn infraspinatus and intact teres minor, together with an intact shoulder muscle, the deltoid, were collected during an open tendon transfer surgery. Five patients, average age 65.2 ± 3.8 years, were selected for spatial metabolic profiling using high‐spatial resolution (MALDI‐TOF) and high‐mass resolution (MALDI‐FTICR) MSI in negative or positive ion mode. Metabolic signatures were identified using data‐driven analysis. Verifications of spatial localization for selected metabolic signatures were carried out using antibody immunohistology.ResultsData‐driven analysis revealed major metabolic differences between intact and degenerated regions across all muscles. The area of degenerated regions, encompassed of fat, inflammation and fibrosis, significantly increased in both rotator cuff muscles, teres minor (27.9%) and infraspinatus (22.8%), compared with the deltoid (8.7%). The intact regions were characterized by 49 features, among which lipids were recognized. Several of the identified lipids were specifically enriched in certain myofiber types. Degenerated regions were specifically marked by the presence of 37 features. Heme was the most abundant metabolite in degenerated regions, whereas Heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1), which catabolizes heme, was found in intact regions. Higher HO‐1 levels correlated with lower heme accumulation.ConclusionsDegenerated regions are distinguished from intact regions by their metabolome profile. A muscle‐specific metabolome profile was not identified. The area of tissue degeneration significantly differs between the three examined muscles. Higher HO‐1 levels in intact regions concurred with lower heme levels in degenerated regions. Moreover, HO‐1 levels discriminated between dysfunctional and functional rotator cuff muscles. Additionally, the enrichment of specific lipids in certain myofiber types suggests that lipid metabolism differs between myofiber types. The signature metabolites can open options to develop personalized treatments for chronic shoulder muscles degeneration.
Chemically cross‐linked poly(vinyl alcohol) electrospun fibrous mats as wound dressing materials
Authors: Díez Berta , Homer W Joseph A , Leslie Laura J , Kyriakou Georgios , Rosal Roberto , Topham Paul D , Theodosiou Eirini 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDPoly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is a synthetic biocompatible polymer that is extensively used by the medical and pharmaceutical industries due to its FDA approval for in vivo applications. Its highly hydrophilic nature makes it an ideal wound dressing material, especially in the form of nanofibrous mats.RESULTSIn this work, electrospun PVA‐based scaffolds suitable for wound management were created. Chemical cross‐linking with citric acid and glyoxal was employed to enhance the supports’ stability in aqueous environments, and cellulose nanocrystals were added during the electrospinning process to improve the mechanical properties of the final constructs. Varying the concentrations of the cross‐linking agents (0.12‐1 wt% citric acid and 0.06‐0.5 wt% glyoxal), allowed the control of the rate and extend of dissolution, thereby tuning the properties of the materials to the specific wound types (e.g. acute vs chronic). There was an inverse relationship between the amount of cross‐linkers used and the mats’ weight loss (ranging from 2% to 18%) after 6 days immersion in water. All supports sustained the growth of human fibroblasts (>85% viability), whereas there was no biofilm formation when in contact with S. aureus for 24 hours. The presence of cellulose nanocrystals did not affect cytocompatibility but improved the mechanical properties of the non‐woven fibres.CONCLUSIONTailor‐made biocompatible electrospun mats showing antimicrobial behaviour were successfully created through altering the concentration of chemical cross‐linkers. This flexible approach offers the potential of matching the dressing to the wound type and offering a more targeted solution to wound management. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Butanol production by Clostridium acetobutylicumATCC 824 using electro‐fermentation in culture medium supplemented with butyrate and neutral red
Authors: Guerrero Karlo , Gallardo Roberto , González Ernesto , Veliz Fabián , Conejeros Raúl , Gentina Juan Carlos , Aroca Germán 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDButanol is a versatile chemical that can be used as fuel, solvent or intermediate in chemical synthesis. Several strategies have been used to increase the availability of reducing power in Clostridium sp. with the aim of maximizing the production of butanol, the use of electron carriers being one of the most effective. Moreover, electrons from an external power source can be transferred to cells through electron carriers such neutral red, or directly reducing NAD+. From a previous metabolic analysis, we hypothesized that adding butyrate to the culture medium and using an external electron source as a co‐reducing agent, along with glucose‐derived reducing power (electro‐fermentation), would result in an increase in the specific butanol productivity.RESULTSButyrate caused a decrease in the maximum concentration of butanol reached at the concentration used (6 g L−1). The supplementation of neutral red to the culture medium by itself and along with electro‐fermentation were effective in stimulating the production of butanol. The mean specific rate of butanol production obtained for electro‐fermentation in medium supplemented with butyrate and neutral red was 307% and 156% higher than that recorded using medium supplemented with butyrate, or butyrate and neutral red, respectively, this value being even 113% higher than that recorded for the non‐supplemented medium.CONCLUSIONSThe presence of butyrate and absence of neutral red in the electro‐fermentation were detrimental for the microorganism. The electro‐fermentation in medium supplemented with neutral red led to an increase in both volumetric and specific productivities of butanol. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Establishing three warm‐season turfgrasses with tailored water: II. Root development, nitrate accumulation in plant tissue and soil, and relationship with leaching
Authors: Leinauer Bernd , Sevostianova Elena , Velasco‐Cruz Ciro , Sallenave Rossana , Serena Matteo , Horvath Isabelle , Skerker Jenny 
Published: December 2021

AbstractGreenhouse experiments were conducted in 2015 and 2017 to assess the feasibility of establishing three warm‐season grasses—buffalograss [Buchloe dactyloides (Natt.) Eng.] ‘SWI 2000’, inland saltgrass (Distichlis spicata L.), and bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.) ‘Princess77’—with tailored water (tertiary treated effluent with 15 mg L–1 of NO3–N) and to examine the impact on nitrate accumulation in soils and plant tissue and on root development. Grasses were established from seed in a loamy sand and irrigated with either tailored or potable water plus granular Ca(NO3)2 fertilizer. Leachate collected at 10‐ and 30‐cm depths was analyzed for NO3–N and electrical conductivity. Root samples were collected to measure root length density (RLD) and root surface area (RSA). Weekly clippings were collected to determine total clipping yield and measure N content. Generally, there was no difference in establishment, RLD, or RSA between the two irrigation treatments. Highest RLD values were reported for bermudagrass, followed by buffalograss and inland saltgrass. Correlation analyses suggest that nitrate levels in leachate were lower in faster‐growing grasses and in grasses with more extensive root systems, compared with slower‐growing grasses with less roots, regardless of fertilization treatment. Total N in clippings was highest in inland saltgrass and lower in buffalograss and bermudagrass, indicating that N was limiting for faster‐growing grasses. More research is needed to determine optimal N rates for establishing grasses that both optimize growth and minimize nitrate leaching.
Incidence and risk factors of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease after total pancreatectomy: A first multicenter prospective study in Japan
Authors: Kato Hiroyuki , Kamei Keiko , Suto Hironobu , Misawa Takeyuki , Unno Michiaki , Nitta Hiroyuki , Satoi Sohei , Kawabata Yasunari , Ohtsuka Masayuki , Rikiyama Toshiki , Sudo Takeshi , Matsumoto Ippei , Okano Keiichi , Suzuki Yasuyuki , Sata Naohiro , Isaji Shuji , Sugiyama Masanori , Takeyama Yoshifumi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackground/PurposeIn the present study we aimed to prospectively assess the current prevalence and risk factors of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) after total pancreatectomy (TP).MethodsBetween August 2015 and December 2017, we prospectively collected data from 68 Japanese centers on 148 consecutive patients who underwent TP whose computed tomography (CT) attenuation values were evaluated for 12 months. We defined post‐TP NAFLD as a liver parenchyma CT value of less than 40 Hounsfield units (HU). Data on perioperative variables were retrieved from all patients and evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses to identify the perioperative risk factors of NAFLD.ResultsIn this prospective cohort study, supplementation of pancreatic exocrine enzymes was provided to all 148 patients, and 97% of them were treated with high‐titer pancrelipase (median dosage: 1800 mg) postoperatively. Indeed, 29 patients (19.6%) developed NAFLD within a year after TP. Multivariate analysis revealed that female sex (P = .002), higher body mass index (BMI) (P = .001), and postoperative diarrhea (P = .038) were independent risk factors for post‐TP NAFLD. However, post‐TP NAFLD ameliorated in 11 patients (37.9%) at 12 months after surgery.ConclusionsAmong patients with risk factors such as female sex, higher BMI, and postoperative diarrhea, attention should be paid to the occurrence of NAFLD after TP.