bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fragmentation efficiency of phenethylamines in electrospray ionization source estimated by theoretical chemistry calculation
Authors: Asakawa Daiki , Saikusa Kazumi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSmall molecules with polar functional groups, including substituted phenethylamines, are commonly analyzed by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC‐MS) with electrospray ionization (ESI). Analyte molecules are mostly detected in protonated and cation‐adducted forms through positive‐ion electrospray ionization‐mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS). However, the ESI of substituted phenethylamines commonly provides an intense signal of fragment ions by ESI in‐source collision‐induced dissociation (IS‐CID), which hinders the unambiguous identification of phenethylamines. This phenomenon was approximated as a unimolecular dissociation model, and the dissociation efficiency was evaluated by various quantum chemistry calculations to determine the ESI IS‐CID efficiency. The calculated results were consistent with the experimental data, when the dissociation threshold energy of phenethylamines was calculated using the post‐Hartree‐Fock (post‐HF) method, CCSD(t)/cc‐pVTZ//MP2(full)/6‐311++G(d,p). In contrast to post‐HF methods, the utilization of density functional theory calculations with a suitable functional is recognized as an accurate and competitive low‐cost approach. In particular, ωB97‐XD, M06‐2X‐D3, and recently developed Minnesota functionals, such as M11, MN12‐SX, and MN15, provided reliable results, as in the case of the post‐HF method. The results obtained by the recently developed double hybrid functionals, DSD‐PEBP86‐D3(BJ), PBE0‐DH, and PBE‐QIDH, were also reliable. The consideration of ESI IS‐CID can facilitate the identification of analyte molecules because most phenethylamines, except for N‐methylated analogs, provide an intense signal in the ESI mass spectrum.
What is that I hear? An interdisciplinary review and research agenda for non‐native accents in the workplace
Authors: Hideg Ivona , Shen Winny , Hancock Samantha 
Published: December 2021

SummarySpeaking with a non‐native English accent at work is a prevalent global phenomenon. Yet, our understanding of the impact of having a non‐native accent at work is limited, in part because research on accents has been multidisciplinary, fragmented, and difficult for scholars to access and synthesize. To advance research on accents in the workplace, we provide an interdisciplinary and integrative review of research on non‐native accents drawing from the communications, social psychology, and organizational sciences literatures. First, we briefly review the dominant approaches taken in each literature. Second, we organize and integrate extant research findings using a 2 × 2 framework that incorporates the two main theoretical perspectives used to explain the effects of accents—stereotypes and processing fluency—and the two primary categories of workplace outcomes examined—interpersonal (i.e., others' evaluations of speakers with non‐native accents, such as hiring recommendations) and intrapersonal (i.e., non‐native‐accented speakers' own evaluations and experiences, such as sense of belonging). To facilitate future research, we end by articulating a research agenda including theoretical and methodological expansions related to the study of accents, identifying critical moderators, adopting an intersectional approach, and studying group‐level and potential positive effects of speaking with non‐native accents.
Biological control of fungal pathogens of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) by chitinolytic bacterial strains
Authors: Malik Muhammad Saqib , Haider Shabeer , Rehman Abdul , Rehman Shafiq Ur , Jamil Muhammad , Naz Iffat , Anees Muhammad 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe need to increase food production and to reduce the pollution caused by synthetic chemicals has led to a search for biocontrol agents against plant pathogens. In the present study, a total of 37 chitinolytic bacteria were isolated from the rhizospheric soil of tomatoes using a chitin agar medium. In vitro bacterial isolates, that is, TD9, TD11, TD15, and TD24 showed strong antagonistic and enzymatic activities against Rhizoctonia (8%–55%), Fusarium (31%–48%), Colletotrichum (24%–49%), and Aspergillus on a dual culture plate and enzyme assay. Furthermore, these putative antagonistic bacterial isolates were identified as Pantoea agglomerans (TD9), Bacillus subtilis (TD11), Bacillus cereus (TD15 and TD24) using 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Additionally, in culture filtrate in vivo assay, the isolates TD11 and TD15 inhibited the growth of Rhizoctonia solani about 40% and Fusarium oxysporum about 80%. However, in the pot trials, these two bacterial isolates (TD11 and TD15) considerably suppressed the disease rate in tomatoes caused by Fusarium and Rhizoctonia fungal species. Moreover, it was concluded that B. subtilis (TD11) was found to be the most promising putative biocontrol agent, inhibiting the fungal diseases of tomatoes by 50% and showing versatile antagonistic potential.
Identification of Linguistic Markers of Insight and Intuition Using Computer‐Assisted Text Analysis
Authors: Sadler‐Smith Eugene , Akstinaite Vita 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTInsight and intuition are important concepts in creativity research and creative behavior with applications in a wide variety of professional and business domains. Understanding and articulating their similarities and differences is important theoretically and practically. Researchers and practitioners can benefit from the application of new techniques which can distinguish between these two phenomena based on individuals’ subjective experiences as articulated in written or spoken accounts. Subtle language cues provide objective, quantifiable data (linguistic markers) to identify and analyze a variety of cognitive and affective psychological processes. Computer‐assisted text analysis (CATA) based on the theory of natural language use offers researchers a systematic and objective framework for extracting and interpreting such markers. This Brief Report proposes the use of CATA for the identification of the linguistic markers of insight and intuition and outlines ways in which the method could be applied in future research. Using CATA, it was possible to identify a preliminary set of linguistic markers which could be used to distinguish between insight and intuition.
Dietary supplementation of Allium cepa skin alters intramuscular fat, muscle cholesterol, and fatty acids in rabbits
Authors: Adeyemi Kazeem D , Ogundele Victor O , Atolani Olubunmi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe high polyunsaturated fatty acids content of rabbit meat predisposes it to oxidative deterioration, which often results in reduced product quality and shelf life. This fact highlights the need to improve the antioxidant status of rabbit meat. This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of Allium cepa skin (ACS) on growth, carcass, intramuscular fat, muscle fatty acids, cholesterol content, meat quality, antioxidant status, and sensory attributes of hind leg muscle of rabbits. Sixty‐three, 28‐day‐old, male New Zealand rabbits (654 ± 25 g) were randomly allocated into 21 pens of three rabbits. The pens were randomly assigned to one of three dietary treatments – ACS‐0: basal diet (BD) only; ACS‐25: BD + 25 g kg−1 ACS; and ACS‐50: BD + 50 g kg−1 ACS – for 56 days and then euthanized.RESULTSDietary ACS did not affect growth performance and retail cuts of rabbits. Muscle cholesterol was lower (P < 0.05) in ACS‐supplemented rabbits than in controls. Dietary ACS lowered (P < 0.05) dissectible fat, intramuscular fat content, C14:0, C16:0, C18:0, C18:2n−6, and C20:4n−6 levels and enhanced (P < 0.05) C18:3n−3, C20:5n−3, C22:6n−3, and C22:5n−3 concentration. Dietary ACS increased muscle catalase activity in rabbits. Sensory qualities, malondialdehyde and carbonyl contents, and physicochemical attributes of hind leg muscle of rabbits after chill storage were not influenced by dietary ACS supplementation.CONCLUSIONSupplementation with 50 g kg−1 ACS reduced intramuscular fat and cholesterol content and improved muscle n−3 fatty acids without impairing the physicochemical and sensory properties of rabbit meat. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Quality characteristics of semi‐glutinous japonica rice cultivated in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China
Authors: Zhu Ying , Xu Dong , Chen Xinyi , Ma Zhongtao , Ma Huizhen , Zhang Mingyue , Liu Guodong , Wei Haiyan , Zhang Hongcheng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDSemi‐glutinous japonica rice (SGJR) is increasingly a popular choice for rice consumption and more commonly cultivated in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China. Here, 58 SGJR and 75 non‐semi‐glutinous japonica rice (NSGJR) cultivars were evaluated for their characteristics of grain quality by assessing the taste of cooked grains, flour/paste properties, chemical compositions and starch physicochemical properties.RESULTSComparisons of factors related to taste showed that cooked rice characteristics of SGJR were better in appearance, lower in hardness, lower in springiness and higher in stickiness. There were no significant differences in contents of total starch and total protein between the two types of rice. Further analysis indicates that thinner lamellar thickness, smaller starch particle size, and higher contents of amylopectin and albumin of SGJR (resulting in higher weights of dried matter from rice slurries) contributed to better appearance of cooked SGJR. Lower contents of amylose and prolamin led to a weaker and less elastic gel network in rice paste samples and contributed to a stronger moisture migration capability of cooked SGJR that showed higher stickiness and lower hardness and springiness.CONCLUSIONA SGJR line with low apparent amylose content does not indicate good taste. Physicochemical properties of starch and protein contributed to better appearance, higher stickiness and lower hardness and springiness of cooked SGJR. These findings provide empirical data to help breed better‐tasting cultivars of japonica rice. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
A comparative study of chiral separation of proton pump inhibitors by supercritical fluid chromatography and high‐performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Raja Rupak , Alam Syed Dilshad , Srisath Vikas , Jain Arvind Kumar , ALOthman Zeid A. , Mohammed Abdallah A. A. , Islam Mohammad Ataul , Bhatt Tahir , Ali Imran 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA comparative study of chiral separation of pantoprazole and rabeprazole is carried out using supercritical fluid chromatography and high‐performance liquid chromatography. The columns used were Chiralpak IA and Chiralpak IE. The best mobile phase in supercritical fluid chromatography was carbon dioxide‐0.2% triethylamine in methanol (60:40) and 0.1% triethylamine in n‐hexane‐ethanol (50:50) in high‐performance liquid chromatography. For supercritical fluid chromatography, values of the retention factor of pantoprazole enantiomers were 3.97 and 4.88. These values for rabeprazole enantiomers were 6.10 and 7.52. The values of separation and resolution factor for pantoprazole and rabeprazole were 1.23 and 1.23 and 2.20 and 3.36, respectively. Similarly, for high‐performance liquid chromatography, the values of retention factor for enantiomers of pantoprazole were 4.02 and 7.32. These values for rabeprazole enantiomers were 5.32 and 7.88, respectively. The values of separation and resolution factor for pantoprazole and rabeprazole were 1.82 and 1.48 and 9.22 and 6.58, respectively. A comparison was carried out, which confirmed supercritical fluid chromatography as the best method due to its fastness, eco‐friendly, and inexpensiveness. The reported methods are effective, efficient, and reproducible and may be used to separate and identify pantoprazole and rabeprazole in any unknown samples.
Lipoinjection for Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Haddad Ralph , Ismail Salim , Khalaf Michel G. , Matar Nayla 
Published: December 2021

IntroductionLipoinjection is one of the available treatments for unilateral vocal fold paralysis.ObjectiveTo evaluate lipoinjection predictability, and analyze the differences in safety and efficacy of the different techniques.Study DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis.Methods and ResultsA systematic review on Medline, Cochrane, and Scopus databases included 49 articles analyzing the data of 1,166 patients, concerning technical details and voice parameters changes. Lipoinjection used a mean volume of 1.3 mL, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.92, 1.69)—average overcorrection of 30%. Meta‐analysis of pre‐ and postoperative voice parameters' means showed a significant improvement at 6 months of mean phonation time (preoperative: 5.12, 95% CI [4.48, 5.76]—6 months: 10.46, 95% CI [9.18, 11.75]), Jitter (preoperative: 2.71, 95% CI [2.08, 3.33])—6 months: 1.37, 95% CI [1.05, 1.70]), Shimmer (preoperative: 4.55, 95% CI [3.04, 6.07]—6 months: 2.57, 95% CI [1.69, 3.45]), grade (preoperative: 2.15, 95% CI [1.73, 2.57]—6 months: 0.12, 95% CI [0.97, 1.43]), breathiness (preoperative: 2.012, 95% CI [1.48, 2.55]—6 months: 0.99, 95% CI [0.58, 1.40]), and asthenia (preoperative: 1.90, 95% CI [1.33, 2.47]—6 months: 0.75, 95% CI [0.17, 1.33]) of GRBAS (Grade, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia and Strain), and Voice Handicap Index‐30 (preoperative: 72.06, 95% CI [54.35, 89.76]—6 months: 26.24, 95% CI [19.58, 32.90]). Subgroup analysis by harvesting technique concluded in no statistically significant difference between them. Few complications were reported. Reintervention was only required for 86 patients.ConclusionLipoinjection seems a safe therapeutic option for unilateral vocal fold paralysis, with available data showing an efficacy lasting 6 months to 1 year. Laryngoscope, 132:1630–1640, 2022
Mucosal Epithelial Preservation of Free Nasal Grafts Depending on the Recipient Site
Authors: Tochigi Kosuke , Ebihara Teru , Omura Kazuhiro , Torng Haw , Aoki Satoshi , Takeda Teppei , Otori Nobuyoshi , Kojima Hiromi , Tanaka Yasuhiro 
Published: December 2021

Objectives/HypothesisReconstruction of mucosal defects using free mucosal grafts has become a common procedure during endoscopic sinus surgery. Epithelialization of mucosal grafts affects postoperative complications and outcomes, which could be influenced by different recipient tissue. However, morphological changes occurring in the grafts transplanted over different tissues remain unexplored.Study DesignAn animal study.MethodsFree mucoperichondrial grafts were prepared from the nasal septum of rabbits; the cartilage group had reconstruction on the nasal septal cartilage, and the perichondrium group had reconstruction on the contralateral perichondrium. The nasal septum was removed after 1 and 4 weeks of reconstruction, and the graft was histologically evaluated.ResultsAfter 1 week of reconstruction, the mucosal epithelium of grafts in the cartilage group disappeared, whereas the columnar epithelium of grafts was preserved in the perichondrium group. After 4 weeks of reconstruction, the mucosal defect site was covered with mucosal epithelium in both groups. However, while squamous epithelium was mostly observed in the cartilage group, columnar epithelium containing the healthy ciliary and goblet cells was observed in the perichondrium group. Statistically significant differences were detected in the parameters of epithelial morphology between the two groups, which were higher in the perichondrium group.ConclusionsIn the reconstruction of mucosal defects using free mucosal grafts, difference in recipient tissue affects the graft epithelial morphology.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 132:2301–2306, 2022
Maladaptive or misunderstood? Dopamine fasting as a potential intervention for behavioral addiction
Authors: Fei Yi Yang , Johnson Peter Anto , Omran Noor A.L. , Mardon Austin , Johnson John Christy 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this commentary, we strive to illustrate common misconceptions of the dopamine fasting fad that has become popular among wellness enthusiasts and purported by health gurus. Here, we review the proposed Dopamine fasting technique for managing behavioral addictions as proposed by California psychiatrist Dr. Cameron Sepah. We first summarize correct and incorrect interpretations of what Dopamine fasting involves. Next, we contextualize the role of dopamine as it relates to behavioral modification interventions for addiction. Particularly, we discuss the role of dopamine in behavioral addiction and the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) techniques for various addictions which are the basis of the proposed dopamine fasting technique. While we see potential for dopamine fasting to offer significant benefits to individuals, we highlight the limitation of the self‐guided aspect of dopamine fasting, which could pose physical and emotional harm to individuals if the guideline is misinterpreted or misused as the sole treatment for severe disorders which require clinician input. Future studies should aim to assess not only the scientific efficacy of dopamine fasting as a potential treatment approach for behavioral addiction, but also the needs and well‐being of individuals who seek self‐directed treatment from popular media trends.
Particle aerosolization with energy devices: A comparative study
Authors: Ruiz Medina Leonardo , Moshtaghi Omid , Kuang Jessica , Schalch Lepe Paul 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the degree of particle aerosolization with the use of several energy devices used in tonsillectomy and other common upper airway procedures.MethodsThree different energy devices were measured. These included (a) monopolar electrocautery, (b) bipolar electrocautery, and (c) thermal welding device (TWD). Each device was applied to fresh cadaveric cow tongue and porcine nose. Aerosolized particles produced by these devices were measured using a calibrated electronic particle counter. Measurements were recorded over the course of 3 minutes. Particle sizes were measured at 0.3, 0.5, 1.0, 5, and 10 μm.ResultsIn comparing types of tissues and particle sizes, TWD had the lowest aerosolizing burden among the three devices. By analyzing the highest particle value of TWD against both monopolar and bipolar, monopolar electrocautery proved to have the highest aerosolization exposure with statistical significance at 0.5 and 10 μm. No statistical significance was found when comparing TWD against monopolar electrocautery.DiscussionOur study demonstrates there is a difference in aerosolization burden dependent on the type of device utilized. TWD proved to have the lowest burden whereas monopolar electrocautery had the highest.ConclusionTWD produces less aerosolization than conventional monopolar electrocautery when cauterizing or ablating tissue in an experimental setting. The degree of aerosolization was comparable to bipolar electrocautery.Level of Evidence2.
Integrated Gallium Nitride Nonlinear Photonics
Authors: Zheng Yanzhen , Sun Changzheng , Xiong Bing , Wang Lai , Hao Zhibiao , Wang Jian , Han Yanjun , Li Hongtao , Yu Jiadong , Luo Yi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractGallium nitride (GaN) as a wide bandgap material is widely used in solid‐state lighting. Thanks to its high nonlinearity and high refractive index contrast, GaN‐on‐insulator (GaNOI) is also a promising platform for nonlinear optical applications. Despite its intriguing optical proprieties, nonlinear applications of GaN are rarely studied owing to the relatively high optical loss of GaN waveguides (typically ≈2 dB cm−1). In this paper, GaNOI microresonators with intrinsic quality factor over 2.5 million are reported, corresponding to an optical loss of 0.17 dB cm−1. Parametric oscillation threshold power as low as 6.2 mW is demonstrated, and the experimentally extracted nonlinear index of GaN at telecom wavelengths is estimated to ben2= 1.4 × 10−18m2W−1, which is several times larger than that of commonly used platform such as Si3N4, LiNbO3, and AlN. Single soliton generation in GaN is implemented by an auxiliary laser pumping scheme, so as to mitigate the high thermorefractive effect in GaN. The large intrinsic nonlinear refractive index, together with its broadband transparency window and high refractive index contrast, make GaNOI a promising platform for chip‐scale nonlinear applications.
Cage‐Shaped Polymers Synthesis: A Comprehensive State‐of‐the‐Art
Authors: Gauthier‐Jaques Martin , Mutlu Hatice , Theato Patrick 
Published: December 2021

AbstractResearchers have dedicated their efforts for the creation of a wide choice of complex and precise macromolecular architectures over the past 100 years. Among them, cyclic polymers benefit from their absence of terminal chains and from their singular topology to minimize their hydrodynamic volume in solution, increase their chemical stability, limit their number of possible conformations as well as a reduce their propensity to crystallize or to form entanglements in comparison to their acyclic counterparts. While monocyclic structures have already been widely investigated and reviewed, reports on more complex polycyclic structures are rare. In this regard, cage‐shaped polymers—consisting of at least three polymer chains covalently interconnected through strictly two junction points—have received little attention over the past two decades. Although their synthesis is a worthy challenge, only a few synthetic methodologies of polymer cages were successfully developed so far. Thus, this review intends to highlight the key concepts of the conception of cage‐shaped polymers in addition to propose an actual and exhaustive state‐of‐art concept of their synthesis to rationally promote the next‐generation synthesis strategies.
Green Alga Enteromorpha prolifera Oligosaccharide Ameliorates Ageing and Hyperglycemia through Gut–Brain Axis in Age‐Matched Diabetic Mice
Authors: Ouyang Yuezhen , Liu Dan , Zhang Lizhu , Li Xiaoqing , Chen Xinhua , Zhao Chao 
Published: December 2021

ScopeTo investigate the anti‐ageing and anti‐diabetic effects of Enteromorpha prolifera oligosaccharide (EPO) in age‐matched streptozocin‐induced diabetic mice.Methods and ResultsLC‐MS metabolomics and 16S rRNA sequencing is used to identify the brain metabolites and gut microbiota, respectively. EPO could significantly improve glucose metabolism and activity of total superoxide dismutase in serum. It also could regulate the tricarboxylic acid cycle, arginine, and inosine‐related metabolic pathways in the brain of aged diabetic mice. Inosine is found to enhance the relative expressions of daf‐2, daf‐16, and skn‐1 in insulin‐resistant Caenorhabditis elegans. Additionally, EPO could alter the composition and diversity of gut microbiota in mice. It could upregulate the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3/Forkhead Box O1 (FOXO1)/B cell lymphoma 6 (Bcl‐6) pathways in the brain and the c‐Jun N‐terminal Kinase (JNK)/FOXO1/Bcl‐6 signaling axis in the intestine to regulate glucose metabolite status and ageing in mice. EPO could also improve the levels of glucagon‐like peptide type 1 (GLP1) expression in the gut, thereby inducing high expression of GLP1 receptor in the brain to control glucose metabolites through the brain–gut axis. Enterococcus is negatively correlated with AMP in the brain and could be a potential hallmark species in age‐related diabetes.ConclusionsThese results suggest that EPO could be a potential novel natural drug for the treatment of diabetes in the elderly.