bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID 19: a personal account of a physiotherapist
Authors: Dua Vandana , Dua Puneet K. 
Published: January 2021

<p class="abstract">Amidst the growing tentacles of coronavirus SARS2 in the densely populated Delhi (India), the healthcare workers and other essential service providers are working day and night to keep the city going. All are working with a fear, a fear of getting entrapped in the tentacles any moment. Here is a personal account of myself, a healthcare worker who got entrapped, thankfully not getting strangulated, having recovered early without getting trolled physically but certainly, psychologically, socially and emotionally. It is my first person account as being a patient myself, second person account as a caretaker of my family and a third person account as a therapist to my patients. Also, a note of physiotherapeutic management of COVID-19 is included.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>
Technology Focus: Mature Fields and Well Revitalization (January 2021)
Authors: Marathe R. V. 
Published: January 2021

Sustaining production from mature brownfields is becoming an uphill task in the current storm of pandemic plus economic crisis. In this year’s papers on mature fields and well revitalization, I have found operators focusing on making all-out efforts to improve their ongoing waterflood operations to extend the life of existing wells, which is preferred over drilling new infill wells.
Waterflooding is the oldest method used for secondary recovery in oil fields because water is readily available and relatively inexpensive. Although the concept behind waterflooding is relatively simple and easy to implement, the reality is different, with many potential challenges such as water circulation because of poor reservoir conformance, induced matrix fracturing resulting in early water breakthrough, and reservoir souring, to mention just a few. The older the waterflood, the more susceptible it becomes to problems and challenges, and the most unavoidable challenge is managing increased amounts of produced water.
A third of the papers studied this year focus on improved-/enhanced-oil-recovery techniques, and a majority of them focus on improving waterfloods through various techniques such as using classical analysis and data-driven technologies for redistributing injected water and integrating efforts with cross-disciplinary teams.
Another area of focus is extending the life of existing wells. It is both a challenge and an opportunity. It is a challenge because operators must find a delicate balance between extending the life of an old well and jeopardizing the safety and integrity conditions in the field. It is an opportunity because it provides an attractive alternative for identifying and appraising possible behind-casing opportunities before plugging and abandonment. Several studies have been conducted to identify and appraise such opportunities.
Analytical Work Flows Enable Continuous Waterflooding Optimization for a Mature Field
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: January 2021

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 198586, “A New Continuous Waterflood Operations Optimization for a Mature Oil Field by Use of Analytical Work Flows That Improve Reservoir Characterization,” by Atul Yadav and Anton Malkov, SPE, Wintershall, and Essam Omara, Suez Oil Company, et al., prepared for the 2019 SPE Gas and Oil Technology Showcase and Conference, Dubai, 21–23 October. The paper has not been peer reviewed.
In the complete paper, the authors present a novel approach that uses data-mining techniques on operations data of a complex mature oil field in the Gulf of Suez that is currently being waterflooded. Evidence is presented about how salinity data can be used to further justify the linkages between different wells obtained from cross-correlation analysis. The results presented in this research can be adapted to any waterflooded field to optimize recovery at frequent intervals where injection and production data are available continuously.
Introduction
Mature oil fields typically present challenges of increased water production and water handling. Considering the geological complexity and associated field-performance behavior, reservoir characterization to optimize water flooding is a major challenge. An integrated reservoir study was con ducted to minimize reservoir uncertainties and increase understanding of the field’s performance behavior. The acceptable history-matched model was used to estimate remaining oil potential, maintain and increase current production levels, and optimize the water-injection rate. Generally, history-matched models need to be updated throughout the life of producing fields as new subsurface data are acquired. Such integrated reservoir modeling studies, however, can be time-consuming and do not necessarily enable quicker decision-making around operational activities.
The continuous recording of production and injection data presents new opportunities to apply novel analytical techniques to understand interwell connectivity in the reservoir. The current ability to store and analyze data, coupled with advances in the ability to interpret big data sets, has helped create an independent toolkit that provides analysis without the geological model. In addition, geological information such as pre-existing faults and the commingled or disconnected nature of production between different layers can be integrated to obtain and improve analyses from the analytical models.
The authors analyze the results using Pearson’s cross-correlation analysis measure to obtain a qualitative analysis of the field. They also apply Spearman’s rank correlation analysis for the discussed field (henceforth named GOS for purposes of this paper) that helps compare injection and production data. The objective is to present a comparison between the analytical and the stream-lined approach to show consistency in reservoir characterization. The effective injector/producer pairs identified form an important component of the field development.
Prognostic Autophagy-Related Genes of Gastric Cancer Patients on Chemotherapy
Authors: Liu xiaolong , Ma Zhen , Zhang Lei , Yu Yang , Paul Maswikiti Ewetse , Ma YanLing , Leng Yufang , Chen Hao 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Gastric cancer(GC) treated with fluorouracil and cisplatin can cause chemotherapy resistance, which is one of the most common postoperative clinical complications and leads to in poor prognosis. Methods The purpose of this study is to investigate the susceptibility of patients with GC after postoperative chemotherapy based on autophagy-related genes (ATGs). Under the background of TCGA database, for patients with GC undergoing and during chemotherapy,gene expression data was integrated and analyzed. Prognostic genes were screened based on univariate and various analysis regression models. Subjects were divided into two groups: high-risk group and low-risk group. Univariate and various analytical regression models were used to screen for prognostic genes. Median risk score was used for analysis. OS and DFS were evaluated by the product limit estimation method. Subject curve analysis is used to determine the accuracy of the forecast. We also have performed appropriate analysis and conducted some detailed assessments in our work. The differential expression of ATGs was mainly associated with chemotherapy resistance.Results After chemotherapy administration, we have screened 9 ATGs outcomes in the subjects and DFS and OS were precisely predicted by the model of GEO and TCGA databases.Conclusions 9 genes were established as prognostic markers to predict the relationship between ATGs and GC chemotherapy susceptibility, suggesting a better individualized treatment in clinical practice.
Serotonin and MAOA enable the organizer and tip dominance in Dictyostelium
Authors: Baskar Ramamurthy , Mani Rakesh , Hyde Geoffrey 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The embryonic organizer is essential to determine one or more developmental polarities during chordate early development1,2. Functionally similar organizers also occur in more ancient animals3, and even in some protozoans such as Dictyostelium, in which the tip of the multicellular mound acts as an organizer4, establishing the main developmental axis, and regulating the size of the fruiting body5. However, our understanding of how the Dictyostelium organizer arises, and functions, is limited. Here we show that monoamine oxidase A (maoA), which degrades serotonin, confers the fate of an organizer to the Dictyostelium tip. Conversely, once a tip has formed, serotonin contributes to tip dominance. It inhibits further tip formation, and thus ensures the mound retains the size specified during an earlier developmental stage. Reducing the expression of maoA through RNA interference or by adding MAO specific inhibitors suppresses tip formation. Conversely, adding human MAOA enzyme, or an antagonist or antibodies against serotonin, restores tip formation in maoA knockdowns. Overexpression of maoA or adding a serotonin antagonist to the wildtype induces multiple tips from a single mound in a dose dependent manner. Using an array of genetic and molecular techniques, we show that serotonin’s inhibition of cAMP signalling and cell-cell adhesion is the basis of its regulation of tip formation. Our study demonstrates that serotonin, recently appreciated for its developmental roles in widespread phyla6, also has a novel and ancient role in the formation and function of an organizer.
The Seasonal Evolution of Subglacial Drainage Pathways Beneath a Soft-bedded Glacier
Authors: Hart Jane , Young David , Baurley Nathaniel , Robson Benjamin , Martinez Kirk 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Subglacial hydrology is a key element in glacier response to climate change, but investigations of this environment are logistically difficult. Most models are based on summer data from glaciers resting on rigid bedrocks. However a significant number of glaciers rest on soft (unconsolidated sedimentary) beds, including the potentially unstable ice streams of West Antarctica. Here we present a rare multi-year instrumented record of the development of seasonal subglacial behavior in a temperate glacier resting on a deformable sediment layer as an analogue for West Antarctica. We observe a distinct annual pattern in the subglacial hydrology based on self-organizing anastomosing braided channels. Water is stored within the subglacial system itself (till, braided system and ‘ponds’), allowing the rapid access of water to enable glacier speed-up events to occur throughout the year, particularly in winter.
Impact of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy as Treatment for Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury on Lactate Levels and the Risk of 28-Day Mortality in Intensive Care Units
Authors: Zhang Luming , Wang Zichen , Xu Fengshuo , Ren Yinlong , Han Didi , Li Chengzhuo , Lyu Jun , Yin Haiyan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Sepsis has high incidence and fatality rates in intensive care units, often leading to renal failure. The effectiveness of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (S-AKI) patients is currently uncertain.Aim: Joint mode was used to determine the effect of CRRT on the lactate levels and survival of S-AKI patients.Methods: A retrospective study was applied to patients with sepsis and AKI, which were extracted from the MIMIC-III public database, with the endpoint being 28-day mortality. Every lactate level measurement within 28 days was observed and calculated using logarithms. Joint model combined the longitudinal analysis of the natural logarithm of the lactate level [log(lactate)] in longitudinal submodel and Cox regression by trajectory function, demonstrating the effects of CRRT on 28-day survival and log(lactate) changes, and its final relationship with the event status.Results: Among the 717 S-AKI patients, 157 received CRRT. CRRT was not associated with 28-day mortality. After adjustments, the relationship between CRRT use and log(lactate) elevation was statistically significant. The parameter estimation of CRRT and log(lactate) indicated that using CRRT will increase log(lactate) by 0.041 in S-AKI patients. The joint model also instigated a fixed association between changes in the lactate level and the event result, revealing an exp value of (1.755) =5.78, indicating that an increase of one unit in log(lactate) will increase the risk of 28-day mortality 5.78-fold. Conclusion: CRRT does not improve the prognosis of patients with sepsis and acute kidney injury in critical-care units and has a tendency of increasing lactate levels, which is a significant risk factor for the prognosis.
Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequence of a Major Warm-Season Turfgrass Species, Centipedegrass [Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack.]: Genome Characterization, Comparative and Phylogenetic Analysis
Authors: Li Jianjian , Zong Junqin , Wang Haoran , Wang Jingjing , Guo Hailin , Chen Jingbo , Li Dandan , Li Ling , Liu Jianxiu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Chloroplast (cp) genome sequence data could provide valuable information for molecular taxonomy and phylogenetic reconstruction among plant species and individuals. However, as one of the most important warm-season turfgrasses widely used in USA and China, cp genome characteristics and phylogenetic position of centipedegrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides) were poorly understood.Results: In this study, we determined the complete chloroplast genome sequences of E. ophiuroides using high-throughput Illumina sequencing technology. The circle pseudomolecule for E. ophiuroides cp genome is 139,107 bp in length, and has a typical quadripartite structure consisting of a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions of 22,230 bp each separated by a large single copy (LSC) region of 82,081 bp and a small single copy (SSC) region of 12,566 bp. The nucleotide composition of E. ophiuroides cp genome is asymmetric with an overall A + T content of 61.60%. It encodes a total of 131 gene species, composed of 20 duplicated genes within the IR regions and 111 unique genes including 77 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 30 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes and four ribosome RNA (rRNA) genes. Analysis of the repetitive sequences revealed that E. ophiuroides cp genome contains 51 tandem repeats including 29 forward, 20 palindromic and 2 reverse repeats, and 197 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) which were mainly composed of adenine (A) and thymine (T) bases. Comparison of the E. ophiuroides complete cp genome with the genomes of other seven Gramineae species showed a high degree of collinearity among Gramineae plants. Phylogenetic analysis showed that E. ophiuroides was closely related to E. ciliaris and E. eriopoda, and was placed in a clade with the two Eremochloa species and Mnesithea helferi within the subtribe Rottboelliinae, which clarified evolutionary status of E. ophiuroides in tribe Andropogoneae and also authenticated the current taxonomy of the tribe Andropogoneae.Conclusions: The present study provides the complete structure of the E. ophiuroides cp genome, and preliminarily ascertains the phylogenetic position of E. ophiuroides in tribe Andropogonodae. This will be of value to grass taxa identification, phylogenetic resolution, population structure and biodiversity, novel gene discovery and functional genomic studies for the genus Eremochloa.
Investigation of Genetic Relationships within Miscanthus using SNP Markers Identified using SLAF-Seq
Authors: Chen ZHIYONG , He Yancen , Iqbal Yasir , Shi Yanlan , Huang Hongmei , Yi Zili 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Miscanthus, which is a leading dedicated-energy grass in Europe and in parts of Asia, is expected to play a key role in the development of the future bioeconomy. However, due to its complex genetic background, it is difficult to investigate phylogenetic relationships and the evolution of gene function in this genus. Here, we investigated 50 Miscanthus germplasms: 1 female parent (M. lutarioriparius), 30 candidate male parents (M. lutarioriparius, M. sinensis, and M. sacchariflorus), and 19 offspring. We used high-throughput Specific-Locus Amplified Fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) to identify informative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in all germplasms.Results: We identified 800,081 SLAF tags, of which 160,368 were polymorphic. Each tag was 264–364 bp long. The obtained SNPs were used to investigate genetic relationships within Miscanthus. We constructed a phylogenetic tree of the 50 germplasms using the obtained SNPs, and found that the germplasms fell into two clades: one clade of M. sinensis only and one clade that included the offspring, M. lutarioriparius, and M. sacchariflorus. Genetic cluster analysis indicated that M. lutarioriparius germplasm C3 was the most likely male parent of the offspring.Conclusions: As a high-throughput sequencing method, SLAF-seq can be used to identify informative SNPs in Miscanthus germplasms and to rapidly characterize genetic relationships within this genus. Our results will support the development of breeding programs utilizing Miscanthus cultivars with elite biomass- or fiber-production potential.
Advanced skeletal muscle imaging in S-Adenosylhomocysteine Hydrolase Deficiency: A case series
Authors: Kuhtic Ivana , Baric Ivo , Ramadza Danijela Petkovic , Cavka Mislav , Prutki Maja 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundS-Adenosylhomocysteine ​​hydrolase (SAHH) deficiency is a rare inherited multisystemic disease with muscle involvement associated with increased activity of creatine kinase being one of the most prominent and poorly understood feature. Therefore, skeletal muscles were analyzed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MR spectroscopy (MRS) in three brothers with SAHH deficiency in a different age group.Case presentationAt the time of this study, the brothers were at age of 13, 11, and 8 years, respectively. They presented with similar symptoms in early infancy. Motor developmental delay began in the first months of life. Myopathy was more pronounced in the lower extremities and proximal skeletal muscle groups. MRI revealed lipid infiltration, and MRS curve showed an elevated muscle lipid fraction (higher peak of lipid) increased with age and in proximal skeletal muscle in lower extremities. The data was consistent with muscle biopsy findings in two of them, and third patient had no specific pathological changes in examined muscle tissue.ConclusionsThese findings open the possibility of insight into the extent of muscle involvement, monitoring the course of SAHH deficiency and response to therapy with an accessible and non-invasive method of MRI and MRS.
Target Vehicle Selection Algorithm Based on Lane-changing Intention of Preceding Vehicle for ACC
Authors: Yao Jun , Chen Guoying , Gao Zhenhai 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In order to improve the ride comfort and safety of the traditional adaptive cruise control (ACC) system when the preceding vehicle changes lanes, this paper proposes a target vehicle selection algorithm based on the prediction of the lane-changing intention of the preceding vehicle. First, NGSIM dataset is used to train a lane-changing intention prediction algorithm based on sliding window SVM, and the lane-changing intent of the preceding vehicle in the current lane can be identified by lateral position offset. Secondly, according to the lane-changing intention and the collision threat of the preceding vehicle, the target vehicle selection algorithm is studied under three different conditions: safe lane-changing condition, dangerous lane-changing condition, and lane-changing cancellation condition. Finally, the effectiveness of the algorithm proposed in this paper is verified in the co-simulation platform. The simulation results show that the target vehicle selection algorithm proposed in this paper can ensure the smooth transfer of the target vehicle and effectively reduce the longitudinal acceleration fluctuation of the subject vehicle when the preceding vehicle changes lanes safely or cancels the lane change. In the case of a dangerous lane change, the target vehicle selection algorithm proposed in this paper can respond to the dangerous lane change in advance compared with the target vehicle selection method of the traditional ACC system, which can effectively avoid collisions and improve the safety of the subject vehicle.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Evaluation of New Furan-2-Carboxamide Derivatives
Authors: Sweidan Kamal , Idrees Gada , Abu-Qatouseh Luay , Tahir Muhammad Nawaz , Khanfar Monther , Joshi Rajendra , Mallah Eyad , Mubarak Mohammsad S. 
Published: January 2021

:
A new series of furan-2-carboxamide and 5-bromofuran-2-carboxamide derivatives have been prepared in good
yields using simple procedures. Our strategy was to synthesize compounds containing functional groups that are known to
exhibit significant bioactivity, such as amide (8–15), 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone (8a–15a), and thiosemicarbazone (8b–
15b). These newly synthesized compounds have been characterized with the aid of a number of spectroscopic techniques
including 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, IR, and mass spectrometry, in addition two x-ray structures were measured. Antibacterial
and antifungal activity of prepared compounds was investigated; antifungal results indicated that compound 8a is the most
active whereas compounds 15 and 9b showed moderate activity. Similarly, results of antibacterial testing revealed that most
of the prepared compounds exhibit low activity, while compounds containing 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone moiety (9a-14a)
are the most active towards E. Coli strain.
Comparison of the Effects of Diltiazem Gel with Lidocaine Gel on Reducing Pain and Discomfort in Patients Undergoing Rectosigmoidoscopy: A Randomized Double-blinded Clinical Trial
Authors: Hormati Ahmad , Ghadir Mohammad Reza , Alemi Faezeh , Sarkeshikian Seyed Saeid , Mohammadbeigi Abolfazl , Ahmadpour Sajjad , Eshagh-Hoseini Seyed Jalal 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Flexible rectosigmoidoscopy is an easy and accessible exam to diagnose
distal colon diseases, although many patients refuse to undergo it due to pain and discomfort during
the procedure. Studies show that the application of local lidocaine, as an analgesic has no effect
on pain relief in patients undergoing rectosigmoidoscopy. The current study aims at comparing the
effects of diltiazem gel, an antispasmoic drug with local pain-reducing effects, with lidocaine gel in
patients undergoing flexible rectosigmoidoscopy.

Materials and Methods:
The current double-blinded, randomized, clinical trial was performed to
compare the effect of two topical drugs, lidocaine and diltiazem, on pain relief in patients undergoing
rectosigmoidoscopy. A total of 80 patients who were potential candidates for rectosigmoidoscopy
were enrolled in the study after obtaining the informed consent and then randomly assigned
to one of the lidocaine gel (2 mL) or diltiazem gel (2 mL) group, 10 minutes prior to rectosigmoidoscopy.
The level of pain in the patients during the procedure was measured using the visual analogue
scale (VAS) and the results were recorded. The data were analyzed using paired samples ttest
and independent t-test as well as analysis of covariance (ANOVA) with SPSS version 18. P-value
<0.05 was considered the level of significance.

Results:
Of 80 patients, 35 (43.75%) were male and 45 (56.25%) female. The mean age and body
mass index (BMI) of the patients were 51.45 ± 15.21 years and 25.95 ± 7.47 kg/m2, respectively,
and there was no significant difference between the groups. The most frequent indications for rectosigmoidoscopy
were abdominal pain (46.3%) and rectorrhagia (31.3%). The mean VAS score for
pain reported by the patients in the lidocaine and diltiazem groups was 3.97 ± 2.89 and 2.60 ± 2.36,
respectively. The VAS score for pain in the diltiazem group was significantly lower than lidocaine
group (P = 0.023).

Conclusion:
The application of local diltiazem gel around the anus, in spite of no side effects, can
effectively reduce the pain and discomfort in patients during rectosigmoidoscopy. Iranian Registry
of Clinical Trials (Reg. No 31055).