bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
4D sensor perception in relativistic image processing
Authors: Müller Simone , Kranzlmüller Dieter 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article introduces the 4D sensor perception in relativistic image processing as a novel way of position and depth estimation. Relativistic image processing extends conventional image processing in computer vision to include the theory of relativity and combines temporal sensor and image data. In consideration of these temporal and relativistic aspects, we process diverse types of information in a novel model of 4D space through 10 different degrees of freedom consisting of 4 translations and 6 rotations. In this way, sensor and image data can be related and processed as a causal tensor field. This enables the temporal prediction of a user’s own position and environmental changes as well as the extraction of depth and sensor maps by related sensors and images. The dynamic influences and cross-sensor dependencies are incorporated into the metric calculation of spatial distances and positions, opening up new perspectives on numerous fields of application in mobility, measurement technology, robotics, and medicine.
Applying deep learning and the ecological home range concept to document the spatial distribution of Atlantic salmon parr (Salmo salar L.) in experimental tanks
Authors: Kumaran Santhosh K. , Solberg Lars E. , Izquierdo-Gomez David , Cañon-Jones Hernan A. , Mage Ingrid , Noble Chris 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Measuring and monitoring fish welfare in aquaculture research relies on the use of outcome- (biotic) and input-based (e.g., abiotic) welfare indicators (WIs). Incorporating behavioural auditing into this toolbox can sometimes be challenging because sourcing quantitative data is often labour intensive and it can be a time-consuming process. Digitalization of this process via the use of computer vision and artificial intelligence can help automate and streamline the procedure, help gather continuous quantitative data and help process optimisation and assist in decision-making. The tool introduced in this study (1) adapts the DeepLabCut framework, based on computer vision and machine learning, to obtain pose estimation of Atlantic salmon parr under replicated experimental conditions, (2) quantifies the spatial distribution of the fish through a toolbox of metrics inspired by the ecological concepts home range and core area, and (3) applies it to inspect behavioural variability in and around feeding. This proof of concept study demonstrates the potential of our methodology for automating the analysis of fish behaviour in relation to home range and core area, including fish detection, spatial distribution and the variations within and between tanks. The impact of feeding on these patterns is also briefly outlined, using 5 days of experimental data as a demonstrative case study. This approach can provide stakeholders with valuable information on how the fish use their rearing environment in small-scale experimental settings and can be used for the further development of technologies for measuring and monitoring the behaviour of fish in research settings in future studies.
Progressively smaller glacier lake outburst floods despite worldwide growth in lake area
Authors: Veh Georg , Wang Björn G. , Zirzow Anika , Schmidt Christoph , Lützow Natalie , Steppat Frederic , Zhang Guoqing , Vogel Kristin , Geertsema Marten , Clague John J. , Korup Oliver 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Glacier lake outburst floods (GLOFs) may originate from larger lakes as these continue to grow with ongoing glacier retreat; however, this perception remains poorly supported in available GLOF databases. Here we mapped the areas of 1,686 glacier lakes, just before they drained, across 13 glaciated mountain regions outside polar regions and examined the trends in pre-GLOF lake areas between 1990 and 2023. We found that pre-GLOF lake areas barely changed, or even decreased, regionally through time, even as the total lake area, and thus hazard potential, grew overall. This counterintuitive finding reflects limits to growing GLOF magnitudes, such as the decoupling of lakes and parent glaciers, the development of wide, low-gradient outlets or human management. Across all regions, pre-GLOF lake areas depend on a few ice-dammed lakes, which have produced ten times more reported outbursts and ten times larger outbursts than moraine- and bedrock-dammed lakes. The latter two dam types will continue to impound growing amounts of meltwater, thereby accounting for most of the overall GLOF hazard potential, while ice-dammed lakes will shrink with deglaciation. As these lake types will evolve differently in the twenty-first century, we call for customized simulations of GLOF outflows and impacts, given the growing exposure of critical infrastructure.
The MAST kinase KIN-4 carries out mitotic entry functions of Greatwall in C. elegans
Authors: Roumbo Ludivine , Ossareh-Nazari Batool , Vigneron Suzanne , Stefani Ioanna , Van Hove Lucie , Legros Véronique , Chevreux Guillaume , Lacroix Benjamin , Castro Anna , Joly Nicolas , Lorca Thierry , Pintard Lionel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
MAST-like, or Greatwall (Gwl), an atypical protein kinase related to the evolutionarily conserved MAST kinase family, is crucial for cell cycle control during mitotic entry. Mechanistically, Greatwall is activated by Cyclin B-Cdk1 phosphorylation of a 550 amino acids-long insertion in its atypical activation segment. Subsequently, Gwl phosphorylates Endosulfine and Arpp19 to convert them into inhibitors of PP2A-B55 phosphatase, thereby preventing early dephosphorylation of M-phase targets of Cyclin B-Cdk1. Here, searching for an elusive Gwl-like activity in C. elegans, we show that the single worm MAST kinase, KIN-4, fulfills this function in worms and can functionally replace Greatwall in the heterologous Xenopus system. Compared to Greatwall, the short activation segment of KIN-4 lacks a phosphorylation site, and KIN-4 is active even when produced in E. coli. We also show that a balance between Cyclin B-Cdk1 and PP2A-B55 activity, regulated by KIN-4, is essential to ensure asynchronous cell divisions in the early worm embryo. These findings resolve a long-standing puzzle related to the supposed absence of a Greatwall pathway in C. elegans, and highlight a novel aspect of PP2A-B55 regulation by MAST kinases.
An Investigation of the Pathogenesis in Pilots With Airsickness Susceptibility Using Cervical Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials
Authors: Ceylan Seval , Toker Gökçe Tanyeri , Kumbul Yusuf Çağdaş 
Published: February 2025

Purpose:
The aim was to compare cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) findings between pilots who are susceptible to airsickness and those who are not and to determine whether the physiopathology arising from the sacculo-collic reflex pathway occurs during episodes of airsickness in pilots.

Method:
The patient group included 32 male pilots susceptible to airsickness, and the control group included 30 male pilots with no airsickness susceptibility. Participants with hearing loss and neuromuscular pathology were excluded. The Graybiel scale and cVEMP test were administered to the participants. The cVEMP thresholds, wave latencies and amplitudes, and interaural amplitude asymmetry ratios (IAARs) were compared between the groups. In addition, correlation analysis was performed between IAAR and susceptibility to airsickness severity in the airsickness susceptible (AS) group.

Results:

The right-ear cVEMP threshold in the AS group (85.62 ± 6.05) was lower than that of the control group (91.16 ± 4.85;
p
< .001). In the right ears of the AS group, the P1 and N1 latencies at 100, 95, and 90 dB nHL levels were found to be shorter than those of the control group (
p
< .05 for all). Again, the P1N1 wave amplitudes at 100 dB nHL in the right ears of the AS group were higher than those of the control group (
p
= .009). The IAAR was higher in the AS group than in the control group (
p
< .001). There was a positive correlation between IAAR and airsickness susceptibility severity in the AS group (ρ = .742, .650, .535 at 100, 95, 90 dB nHL, respectively).

Conclusions:
The susceptibility of pilots to airsickness may be related to changes in normative cVEMP latencies and amplitudes. The present study demonstrated a correlation between asymmetry in the integrity of the saccular reflex pathway and the severity of pilots' susceptibility to airsickness. A higher IAAR was observed in subjects with a greater susceptibility to airsickness, indicating a potential correlation between the two variables.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.28300112
Talker Differences in Perceived Emotion in Clear and Conversational Speech
Authors: Young Elizabeth D. , Morgan Shae D. , Ferguson Sarah Hargus 
Published: February 2025

Purpose:
Previous work has shown that judgments of emotion differ between clear and conversational speech, particularly for perceived anger. The current study examines talker differences in perceived emotion for a database of talkers producing clear and conversational speech.

Method:
A database of 41 talkers was used to assess talker differences in six emotion categories (“Anger,” “Fear,” “Disgust,” “Happiness,” “Sadness,” and “Neutral”). Twenty-six healthy young adult listeners rated perceived emotion in 14 emotionally neutral sentences produced in clear and conversational styles by all talkers in the database. Generalized linear mixed-effects modeling was utilized to examine talker differences in all six emotion categories.

Results:
There was a significant effect of speaking style for all emotion categories, and substantial talker differences existed after controlling for speaking style in all categories. Additionally, many emotion categories, including anger, had significant Talker × Style interactions. Perceived anger was significantly higher in clear speech compared to conversational speech for 85% of the talkers.

Conclusions:
While there is a large speaking style effect for perceived anger, the magnitude of the effect varies between talkers. The perception of negatively valenced emotions in clear speech, including anger, may result in unintended interpersonal consequences for those utilizing clear speech as a communication facilitator. Further research is needed to examine potential acoustic sources of perceived anger in clear speech.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.28304384
Agent‐based simulation system for optimising resource allocation in production process
Authors: Zhao Jingjing , Zhang Fan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractEfficient sequencing of processes and resource allocation are critical in production planning scenarios, such as manufacturing workshops and construction projects, to enhance efficiency and reduce operational costs. Resource allocation in such environments is often challenged by temporal constraints, process interdependencies, and resource limitations, which complicate scheduling and increase the risk of delays. This study presents a multi‐agent‐based simulation system to address these challenges. A scheduling optimisation model is developed to simulate and optimise resource allocation in complex processes with network structures and temporal constraints. The primary objective is to minimise production completion time while ensuring effective resource allocation. Additionally, an adaptive, partially distributed Agent‐Based Modelling and Simulation framework is proposed to simulate the execution logic of real‐world processes, integrating key factors such as resource limitations, process interdependencies, and real‐time decision‐making. A priority‐based genetic algorithm is also designed and embedded into the multi‐agent system to further optimise process sequencing and resource distribution. Simulation experiments across varying case scales validate the model and algorithm. This study highlights the potential of agent‐based simulation for solving complex engineering challenges and provides new insights for addressing resource allocation problems in network‐structured, time‐constrained environments.
Malignitätsrisiko sonografisch unveränderter Adnextumoren bei älteren Frauen
Authors: Lorenz Judith 
Published: February 2025

ZusammenfassungDie Mehrzahl der bei älteren Frauen sonografisch detektierten Adnexbefunde ist gutartig. Kleine Neoplasien, die keine eindeutigen Malignitätszeichen aufweisen, können daher zunächst sonografisch beobachtet werden. Bleiben die Befunde im Verlauf unverändert, stellt sich jedoch die Frage, wie lange Kontrolluntersuchungen notwendig sind. Ein US-Forscherteam beschäftigte sich mit dieser Thematik.
Enhancement of the third harmonic generation efficiency of ITO nanolayers coupled to Tamm plasmon polaritons
Authors: Shubitidze Tornike , Chawla Smridhi , Dal Negro Luca 
Published: February 2025

We study the enhancement of third harmonic generation in indium tin oxide nanolayers coupled to Tamm plasmon polaritons (TPPs). The TPPs are excited at the interface between a thin gold mirror and a silicon dioxide/silicon nitride (SiO2/Si3N4) distributed Bragg reflector with a 30 nm thick indium tin oxide (ITO) nanolayer embedded inside the topmost dielectric layer under the metal mirror. This ITO nanolayer exhibits epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) behavior at near-infrared wavelengths. By tuning the angle of incidence and the TPP resonance conditions, we achieve sub-wavelength confinement of the electromagnetic field, resulting in an 8× enhancement of the nonlinear optical response of the structure compared with the isolated ITO nanolayer at its optimal ENZ condition. We further investigate the dependence of the THG signal on the incident angle and sample orientation, confirming that the enhancement is driven by the excitation of the TPP mode with a characteristic asymmetric behavior. Numerical simulations of local field factors based on the transfer matrix method fully support our findings. Our study demonstrates that the TPP-ENZ platform offers a versatile and highly efficient approach to enhancing nonlinear optical processes, with potential applications in frequency conversion, optical signal processing, and the development of more efficient nonlinear photonic devices.
Acquis terminology in English–Georgian translation
Authors: Beridze Khatuna , Diasamidze Khatuna 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Translation of the Acquis communautaire was followed in almost every acceding EU state with debates about the
quality, multiple cases of requests for corrigenda, and controversies regarding the terminology “consistence.” Insignificant in
one respect or undetected in another, translational mistakes incurred costs as well as additional efforts on behalf of the EU and
national institutions. The paper examines the consistency of terminology of the EU–Georgian Association Agreement, Title IV,
articles 1–276. The analyses were conducted using a custom-built bilingual corpus platform and software. The goal of this research
was to continue the development of the CT analyses and methodology for the translated Acquis, as well as legal texts in general.
We analyzed legal collocations or “terminological collocations” that are translated with the functional equivalents, causing
inconsistencies and errors in the teleological interpretation of the law, as well as term variation. Another value of the research
is that it ascertains and promotes the significance of the corpus linguistic methodology for the development of the CTS of legal
texts.
The variation of the indefinite pronoun uno as a desubjectivizing resource by
sex/gender
Authors: Serrano María José 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In Spanish, uno (‘one’) is third person pronoun whose referent is categorically a first-person
singular referent of human nature: “Uno quiere salir adelante” (‘One wants to go onwards’). It
represents the person speaking, but a second person or a nonspecified group of referents may also be included in the reference.
Speakers refer to themselves by using this pronoun, but at the same time, they intend to give a universal reading to the content.
The use of uno (‘one’) promotes a desubjectivizing style of discourse suited to achieve certain concrete
communicative goals. Desubjectivization is a cognitive process based on the gradual cognitive salience or accessibility of
personal referents. In this investigation, uno (‘one’) is analyzed as a desubjectivizing resource by observing
its use across sex/gender factors. Sex/gender will be approached as a covariating factor with the use of the pronoun
uno, considering that it is a grammatical choice that will contribute to the construction of a communicative
style. Two pragmatic referential readings of uno were isolated and their analysis was performed in a corpus of
social media texts (Facebook, X and Instagram). Results reveal that men tend to create a more desubjectivizing style according to
their frequency of using unevenly both readings of uno in all and social media text. In turn, women showed an
increasing percentage of just one of the uno’s reading on the social media X, thus, women tend to create a less desubjectivizing
style than men.
Study on the enhancement effect of weak magnetic excitation on stress-induced magnetic signals in ferromagnetic pipeline weld joint
Authors: He Tengjiao , Lyu Xidi , Liao Kexi , He Guoxi , Xia Guoqiang , Liao Jiancheng , Zhao Shuai , Leng Jihui 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The stress-induced magnetic signal collected by the weak magnetic testing (WMT) is prone to interference from external noise signals. A tensile experiment of weld joints of ferromagnetic pipes under the excitation magnetic field is conducted to enhance the stress-induced magnetic field. The enhancement effects and underlying mechanism of the weak magnetic excitation on the stress-magnetic variation law are studied. Furthermore, the optimal magnetic field promoting stress-magnetic coupling and corresponding stable stress-induced magnetic signal variation curve are also determined. The results demonstrate that the excitation magnetic field modifies the magnetic field intensities and variation features of stress-induced magnetic signals of weld joints. The change range of stress-induced magnetic fields mainly corresponds to the linear decrease phase at 200 MPa - 550 MPa. The optimal excitation magnetic field under uniaxial stress states is 400 A/m, and the corresponding stress-magnetic change rate is 0.2657 (A/m)/MPa. Additionally, results from the three-dimensional stress model indicate the presence of an optimal excitation magnetic field of 600 A/m under the three-dimensional state, which is greater than the optimal excitation magnetic field intensity in the uniaxial tensile state. This conclusion is further supported by experimental verification.
Zero-shot learning based on the fusion of global and local representations
Authors: Qiang Wang , HongJin Mou , Jia Wang , Chunxiao Wei , Yu Zhou 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Zero-shot learning (ZSL) endeavors to extend knowledge to novel classes by capitalizing on the semantic overlap across different categories. Contemporary ZSL approaches concentrate on isolating image-specific local features pertinent to attributes and using these to align class semantic vectors. However, existing methods often overlook the integration of global and local representation, a synthesis that could significantly enhance zero-shot recognition accuracy. This paper introduces an innovative ZSL technique, termed ZSL based on the fusion of global representation and local representation (ZGLR). Our approach incorporates a Transformer encoder constructed upon attribute prototypes to extract attribute-level features, which are then mapped to local representation to align with class semantic vectors. Concurrently, we introduce a discriminative semantic-visual mapping network that embeds class semantic vectors into the visual domain, thereby aligning global representation. During training, both global and local representation are optimized in tandem, while in the testing phase, the outcomes from both representational levels are consolidated to bolster classification precision. Practical results from three benchmark ZSL datasets demonstrate the superiority of our put-forward ZGLR solution.
A Self-correcting Strategy for the Digital Volume Correlation Displacement Field Based on Image Matching: Application to Poor Speckle Quality and Complex Large Deformation
Authors: Li Chengsheng , Liu Zhijun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Digital volume correlation (DVC) is widely used for the analysis of three-dimensional displacement and strain fields based on CT scans. However, the applicability of DVC methods is limited in regard to geomaterials: the speckles are directly correlated with the microstructure of the material, and the speckle structure cannot be artificially altered, resulting in generally poor speckle quality. Additionally, most geomaterials exhibit elastoplastic properties and undergo complex large deformations under external loading, sometimes leading to strain localization phenomena. These factors contribute to inaccuracies in the displacement field obtained through DVC, and at present, there is a shortage of correction methods and accuracy assessment techniques for the displacement field. If the accuracy of the DVC displacement field is sufficiently high, the gray residue of the two volume images before and after deformation should be minimal, and the use of this characteristic to develop a correction method for the displacement field is feasible. The proposed self-correcting strategy of the DVC displacement field is based on image matching, which is based on the experimental measurement error. We demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method by performing CT triaxial tests on granite residual soil. Without adding other DVC parameters, the gray residue showed that the proposed method can effectively improve the accuracy of the displacement field. Additionally, the accuracy evaluation method can reasonably estimate the accuracy of the displacement field. The proposed method can effectively improve the accuracy of the DVC three-dimensional displacement field for the state of speckles with poor quality and complex large deformation.