bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender Disparity in Risk Factors of COVID-19 Mortality Rate
Authors: Ranjan Uma , Kini Anush , B Harish P , Anand Monica 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Incidence and mortality rates due to COVID-19 have varied widely in different parts of the world and placed a huge strain on hospital resources. Understanding the underlying reasons behind such variation is crucial to developing population-specific or even individual-specific management strategies. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of incidence and mortality rates from data collected over a cumulative period of approximately 6.5 months from February to August 2020 across 411 districts of India, totalling over 2 million individuals. We identify the health factors which have both positive as well as negative correlates with high mortality rates, using data obtained from district-wise aggregated COVID-19 incidence and mortality rates and health data obtained from National Family Health Survey (NFHS). To obtain robust indicators, we apply both machine learning techniques as well as classical statistical methods and show that the same factors are identified by both methods. We also identify positive and negative correlates at multiple population scales by dividing the cohort into sub-cohorts formed from two Indian states which were further segregated by gender. We show that there is a disparity of risk factors among males and females. While obesity is the highest risk factor for men, anaemia is the highest risk factor for women. Hence, to better manage the health of a specific group of people, it is important to consider gender-wise heterogeneity in health risk factors which could contribute to differing vulnerabilities
Soft subalgebras and ideals of BCK|BCI-algebras based on Ɲ-structures
Authors: Bordbar Hashem , Borzooei Rajab Ali , Saeid Arsham Borumand , Jun Young Bae Bae 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The notions of Ɲ-ideal of types (∈,∈) and (∈,∈Vq), soft Ɲ∈-set, soft Ɲq-set, soft Ɲ∈vq-set, soft Ɲ-subalgebra and soft Ɲ-ideal in BCK|BCI-algebra are introduced, and several properties are investigated. Characterizations of Ɲ-subalgebra of types (∈,∈) and (∈,∈Vq), Ɲ-ideal of types (∈,∈) and (∈,∈Vq), soft Ɲ-subalgebra and soft Ɲ-ideal are discussed.
Novel method using DW-MRI and ADC images to guide stereotactic biopsy for the diagnosis small primary angiitis of the central nervous system: A case report
Authors: Su Xu , Han Liang , Li Mengxing , Wang Zhengming , Gao Jiadui , Tian Yu , Du Chao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objective To determine the role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) imaging to guide stereotactic biopsy for the diagnosis of intracranial angiitis. Case presentation In a 28-year-old woman who had experienced inactive headache and right limbs numbness for 4 days, preoperative magnetic resonance (MR) scanning, enhanced scanning, diffusion tensor imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and ADC image scanning were performed. Stereotactic biopsy was performed in one target where the area of edema detected with MR FLAIR, and two targets where the area shown as a high-value and a lower-value area in the DWI/ ADC image. Pathological examinations together with computed tomographic and enhanced MRI scans were conducted after surgery. A preoperative enhanced MRI scan showed a uniform low-intensity lesion in the patient’s left centrum semiovale, with a volume of 3.1 cm3. The DWI and ADC images showed uneven high-intensity signals and different ADC values in the lesion area, respectively. During surgery, tissues around the lesion and the lesion center were sampled at the three selected targets. The postoperative pathological diagnosis was primary angiitis of the central nervous system, and the patient was given anti-inflammatory medication and hormone therapy. The 3-year follow-up confirmed that the patient had recovered well, with a Glasgow Outcome Scale score of 5.Conclusion DW-MRI and ADC images can be reliably used to determine the location of small intracranial lesions, and guide stereotactic biopsy to facilitate the diagnosis of primary vasculitis of the central nervous system.
A Comprehensive Study of Large Negative Dispersion and Highly Nonlinear Perforated Core PCF: Theoretical Insight
Authors: Upadhyay Anurag , Singh Shivam , Sharma Divya , Taya Sofyan A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This manuscript deals with a novel photonic crystal fiber (PCF) in which PCF's cladding region bears the air holes of square shape organized in a circular manner. The fiber core is perforated with four circular air-filled holes to instate high nonlinearity and large negative dispersion. The numerical analysis of the designed model is supported by the finite element method (FEM) based COMSOL Multiphysics tool. The optical properties of the propounded PCF like nonlinearity, dispersion, effective area and propagation loss have been observed by altering its geometrical dimensions, especially the diameter of four air holes introduced in the fiber core. Simulation outcome verifies a very high nonlinear coefficient value of 300 W− 1 Km− 1 which is the highest ever achieved value without using any nonlinear materials or liquids in the author's best knowledge. In parallel, the chromatic dispersion is also found negative and reached to the maximum value of -1689 ps/nm/km. Besides, the other essential optical parameters such as birefringence, numerical aperture, and propagation loss were also measured as 2.40×10− 3, 0.59, and 4.12×10− 11 dB/m along with an extremely high core power fraction of 99.98%. Hence, the propounded PCF is suitable for residual dispersion compensation, supercontinuum generation, solitons generation, polarization sustaining devices as well for high bitrate transmission.
Barriers to the adoption of circular economy in the Brazilian sugarcane ethanol sector
Authors: Jesus Géssica K , Jugend Daniel , Paes Luis Alberto B , Siqueira Regiane M , Leandrin Matheus A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Brazil plays a prominent role in the global production of sugarcane and contributes to the renewable energy sector by producing ethanol. However, few studies have explored the adoption of the circular economy in the sugarcane ethanol sector. This article is aimed at analyzing and prioritizing barriers to the adoption of the circular economy in leading Brazilian sugarcane ethanol companies. For this, the analytical hierarchy process method and case studies methods were used. The main barriers identified were economic and financial, mainly due to dependence on high investments in production process technologies and the resulting uncertainties about returns. Another barrier was the lack of Brazilian legislation concerning the circular economy. We discuss the implications of our findings and present mechanisms for overcoming barriers and the role in supporting circular economy adoption in emerging economies.
Changes in Anterior Chamber Dimensions Following Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE)
Authors: Kirgiz Ahmet , Aygün Beril Tülü , Nacaroglu Senay Asik , Tellioglu Adem , Yildirim Yusuf , Yildiz Burcin Kepez , Besek Nilay Kandemir , Demirok Ahmet 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose

To evaluate the changes in anterior chamber dimensions including horizontal anterior chamber diameter (HACD), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and iridocorneal angle (ICA) following small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) using Scheimpflug-Placido disk tomographer (Sirius).
Methods

The records of the 73 eyes of 47 patients who received SMILE for myopia and myopic astigmatism were retrospectively reviewed. Preoperative and 6-month postoperative measurements of central corneal thickness (CCT), HACD, ACD, ICA, nasal anterior chamber angle (nACA), and temporal anterior chamber angle (tACA) were obtained by tomography, and compared with paired t-tests. Pearson’s correlation and linear regression tests were used to evaluate the relationship between these parameters.
Results

The CCT, HACD, and ACD values decreased significantly at 6-month postoperatively (p < 0.05 for all). ICA, nACA, and tACA showed no statistically significant difference postoperatively (p = 0.54, p = 0.118, and p = 0.255, respectively). Pearson’s correlation analysis confirms negative relationship between Δ-HACD and Δ-tACA (r=-0.475, p < 0.01), and a loose negative relationship between change in ACD and change in ICA (r=-0.282, p = 0.016). Age and Δ-tACA were found as predictive parameters for Δ-HACD and, Δ-ICA was a predictor for Δ-ACD.
Conclusion

While HACD and ACD decreased significantly, there was no significant change in ICA, nACA and tACA. Changes in HACD and ACD should be considered in terms of subsequent surgeries after SMILE.
Selective Taste Management: A Promising and Patient Centered Intervention for Cancer Outpatients suffering Chemotherapy Induced Taste Alterations.
Authors: Corremans Marleen , Verroeye Andy , Wijngaert Lobke Van den , Goossens Edwig , Vlaemynck Geertrui , Mortelmans Dimitri , Geurden Bart 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
PURPOSE Currently, limited evidence-based guidelines exist for the effective management of chemotherapy induced dysgeusia in cancer outpatients. In this pilot study, we used innovative insights from gastrological sciences such as selective taste management to improve the taste of bread for cancer outpatients. We investigated whether it is feasible for cancer outpatients and family caregivers to bake personalized bread themselves at home, whether such bread is considered tasty and if daily consumption of it has any effect on anthropometric measurements. METHODS Included patients (N=112) are randomly divided in a bread-baking group (BBG) (N=54) and a control group (N=58). Their individual taste thresholds profile is assessed using the innovative O-Box. Anthropometrics and structured questionnaires are used to compare the effects of personalized bread after one month follow-up. RESULTS Only 17% of the BBG required some telephone or online assistance to correctly apply the prescribed recipe. In 60% of the cases, the bread was prepared by the family caregiver. Compliance was high and no side effects were observed. Over 80% of the BBG perceived personalized bread as equally or more tasteful despite their stressful taste alterations. Compared to the control group loss of bodyweight and Body Mass Index in the BBG was not significant (p .968 and p .956 respectively). CONCLUSIONS Baking personalized bread at home appeared to be feasible. Selective taste management based on individual taste thresholds profiles should be studied more in depth using whole meals in a larger cancer outpatients population.
Synergy Effect of Nitrogen and Molybdenum on Activated Carbon Matrix for Selective Adsorptive Desulfurization: Insights into Surface Chemistry Modification
Authors: Azeez Musa O , Tanimu Abdulkadir , Alhooshani Khalid , Ganiyu Saheed A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study reports the synthesis of mesoporous metal-modified nitrogen doped activated carbon (AC-N-Mo) from date seeds by ZnCl2 activation and its applicability for selective adsorptive desulfurization of dibenzothiophene (DBT). The AC-N-Mo exhibits higher adsorption capacity for DBT at 100 mg-S/L with the maximum value of 99.7% corresponding to 19.94 mg-S/g at room temperature than the unmodified carbon with 17.96 mg-S/g despite its highest surface area and pore volume of 1027 m2g− 1 and 0.55 cm3g− 1 respectively. The adsorption capacity breakthrough follows the order AC-N-Mo > AC-Mo > AC > AC-N. AC-N-Mo also displayed excellent selectivity in the presence of aromatics (toluene, naphthalene and 1-methylisoquinoline). The enhancement in the DBT uptake capacities of AC-N-Mo is attributed to synergy effect of nitrogen heteroatom that aid well dispersion of molybdenum nanoparticles on carbon surface thereby improving its surface chemistry and promising textural characteristics. The kinetic studies showed that the DBT adsorption proceeds via pseudo-second order kinetics while the isotherm revealed that both Freundlich and Langmuir fit the data but Freundlich fit the data more accurately for the best performing adsorbent. The physico-chemical properties (surface area, pore volume, carbon content, particle size etc.) of as-prepared adsorbents namely; AC, AC-N, AC-N-Mo and AC-Mo were characterized by N2- physisorption, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Scanning Electron Spectroscopy/Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), Raman Spectroscopy (RS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Ammonia-Temperature-Programmed Desorption (NH3-TPD).
A comparison of laparoscopy versus laparotomy for the management of adnexal masses during pregnancy over the last 16 years: retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Zhiqiang , Mu Boran , Leng Jinhua , Li Menghui 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Adnexal masses during pregnancy is not rare. More and more evidences imply that operative laparoscopy for adnexal masses performed during pregnancy could be safe and feasible. We procured and evaluated the surgical, obstetric outcomes between laparoscopy and laparotomy for the management of adnexal masses during first and second trimester period in our hospital.
Results

117 pregnant women with adnexal masses were treated by laparoscopy (69 cases) or laparotomy (48 cases) between July 2003 and March 2019. The laparoscopy group had a significantly lower blood loss (22.0 ± 3.4ml vs 41.7 ± 4.3ml, P = 0.0004), a shorter onset of flatus after operation (24.2 ± 0.1h vs 41.6 ± 1.9h, P < 0.0001) and a shorter hospital stay (3.5 ± 0.2 days vs 6.6 ± 0.2 days, < 0.0001) than the laparotomy group. No patient from either group required a blood transfusion. There is no significant difference in obstetric outcomes, including preterm labor and fetal loss. The median follow-up time was 3.5 years (range, 1.5–11.5 years) after surgery. The median age of the children was 2.5 years (range, 1-9.5 years). No notable abnormality was found.
Conclusions

In this retrospective study, compared with laparotomy, laparoscopy has successful outcome with lower blood loss, shorter onset of flatus after surgery, and shorter hospital stay, all of those suggest that operative laparoscopy could be promising for adnexal masses performed during pregnancy.
The effect of Rosa canina L. and a polyherbal formulation syrups in patients with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Golsorkhi Haide , Qorbani Mostafa , Kamalinejad Mohammad , Sabbaghzadegan Saeideh , Bahrami Mohsen , Shahi Mohammad Vafaee , Montazerlotfelahi Hadi , Abniki Elham , Dadmehr Majid 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common behavioral disorder in childhood and adolescence. A number of these patients do not respond to the current pharmacological treatments and there may also be drug side effects. This study aims to determine the efficacy and safety of two herbal medicine products, including Rosa canina L. (RC) and a polyherbal formulation (PHF) syrups on the clinical manifestations of ADHD in children and adolescents.Methods: Ninety ADHD patients based on DSM-5 diagnostic criteria will be randomly assigned equally to three groups: (1) RC syrup + methylphenidate (MP); (2) PHF syrup + MP; (3) placebo + MP according to the inclusion criteria (30 subjects in each group). The syrups dosage is 5 cc every 8 hours and MP has a stabilized dose for 8 weeks during the study. Moreover, Conner’s questionnaires will be completed by the teacher and parents before the intervention and then every 4 weeks. Also, the child symptom inventory-fourth edition (CSI-4) and temperament questionnaires will be completed before the intervention and every four weeks until two months.Discussion: This trial is the first experiment to determine the effects of RC and PHF syrups on the clinical manifestations of ADHD in children and adolescents. Our findings provide new insight into the effect of these herbal products on the clinical manifestations of ADHD.Trial registration: The trial was registered at https://en.irct.ir/ (Registration number: IRCT20190923044855N1). Registration date: 2020-01-14.
Action Implementation Model for Organisational Performance Measurement in Non-Acute Health Charities
Authors: Colbran Richard , Ramsden Robyn , Pepin Genevieve , Toumbourou John , Stagnitti Karen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Organisational performance measurement (OPM) is an evidence-based tool for planning business improvement and creating sustainable competitive advantage. Despite its value, non-acute health charities under-utilise OPM. The purpose of this paper is to provide the rationale and a detailed description of an OPM implementation model developed specifically for non-acute health charities. The aim of this new model is to encourage uptake of OPM in this sector.
Methods

The authors investigated the understanding and use of OPM in the non-acute health charity sector through a large mixed methods study. Multiple research activities, including PRISMA systematic reviews and two case study evaluations, identified factors and activities that are important for successful implementation of OPM in non-acute health charities. These were then integrated to form an implementation model.
Results

The resultant implementation model is a methodological tool designed to account for, and respond to, the specificities and strategic management needs of the non-acute health charity sector. It integrates five distinct yet interconnecting components – a theoretical framework; guiding principles; an implementation framework; measurement domains; and a monitoring and improvement tool.
Conclusions

The innovative OPM implementation model was designed as an evidence-informed approach to support the implementation of OPM in the non-acute health charity sector. It is titled the Non-Acute Health Charities Measurement Advantage Implementation Model (MAIM). Future studies should test the model in different organisational contexts and the impact of OPM on non-acute health charity performance.
Perception of Worry of Harm from Air Pollution: Results from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS)
Authors: Ammons Samantha , Aja Hayley , Ghazarian Armen A. , Lai Gabriel Y. , Ellison Gary L 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Air pollution exposure has been associated with a multitude of diseases and poses a significant concern to public health. For targeted environmental risk communication and interventions to be effective, it is important to correctly identify characteristics associated with worry of harm from air pollution. Using responses from 3,630 participants of the Health Information National Trends Survey 4 Cycle 2, we assessed worry of harm from exposure to indoor (IAP) and outdoor (OAP) air pollution separately. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Hispanics were more likely to worry about harm from IAP and OAP compared to non-Hispanic whites. Participants who lived in urban counties were more likely to worry about harm from IAP and OAP compared to those who lived in rural counties. Finally, those who believed their chance of getting cancer was high were more likely to worry about harm from IAP and OAP compared to those who thought their likelihood of getting cancer was low. Worry of harm from IAP and OAP varied across sociodemographic and cancer-related characteristics. Public health professionals should consider these characteristics when developing targeted environmental risk communication and interventions.
Technostress and remote Virtual work environment among University Staff Members: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Marawan Hala , Soliman Shaimaa , Allam Heba Khodary , Raouf Shaimaa Abdel 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background Technostress during the COVID-19 pandemic has become more prevalent as a result of the global preventive measures applied to limit the spread of infection. These measures included remote working from home in both public and private organizations.ObjectivesTo study Technostress and challenges of remote Virtual work environment among University Staff Members at Menoufia University, Egypt.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted over Menoufia university academic staff members in Egypt. The participants were chosen from both practical and theoretical colleges in Menoufia University using a multistage random sample. Tarfadar techno-stress questionnaire was used. Cortisol blood level was measured for all participants.Results: This study included 142 participants. The mean age of the group was 36.32± 6.41 years. 52.1 percent worked in practical colleges, and 60.6 percent were lecturers or higher. Their mean cortisol level was 15.61± 7.07mcg/dl. Participants who were females, reside in rural areas, held a lecturer or higher position, had poor work-environment Wifi, and lacked technical training had significantly higher levels of technostress subscales. Most of the technostress subscales were significantly correlated with age and blood cortisol levels. The predictors of work overload in multivariate regression were female gender and a work environment with poor WIFI. Female gender, theoretical colleges, being lecturer or higher and poor WIFI were the predictors for invasion. ConclusionAmong university staff members, Technostress was found to be evident. High levels of technostress were significantly influenced by age, higher professions, female gender, and a bad workplace environment.
Exploring the environmental and economic potential for biogas production from swine manure wastewater by life cycle assessment
Authors: Shih Meng-Fen , Lay Chyi-How , Lin Chiu-Yue , Chang Shen-Ho 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Development of biofuels to replace fossil fuels by bioenergy systems has been attracting attention as an environmental-friendly process. Dealing with biowaste by anaerobic digestion not only disposes of wastes but also producing biogas during the treatment processes for providing the renewable energy source at low-cost while conserving fossil fuel. This study aims to use life cycle assessment and cost-benefit analysis tools in evaluating and comparing the potential environmental impacts and cost benefits for the swine farm operation with and without a rapid-build anaerobic fermentor module installed into the original three-stage wastewater treatment system, which module helps biogas production as energy recovery in swine farms. The results indicate that the module could help reduce carbon footprint by 22.6%, methane by 51.8%, sulfur oxides by 92.6%, nitrogen oxides by 74.2%, carbon monoxide by 54.7%, nitrous oxide by 28.6%, suspended particulate by 95.4%, and non-methane volatile organic compounds by 80%. Using this module made the reductions of damage impacts were human health 82%, ecosystem quality 59%, and resource scarcity 87%. The daily average biogas production was 46.38 m3 and its annual electricity generation income was 6,091 USD. This study allows identifying the lowest environmental impact to support the adoption of sustainable waste treatment and the opportunity for converting waste to be energy and utilization with economic benefits for small-scale swine farms.