bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parental perception of mental health needs in young children
Authors: McGinnis Ellen W. , Copeland William , Shanahan Lilly , Egger Helen L. 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundThere is evidence of unmet psychiatric needs in children under 6. These young children are dependent on their parents to identify their mental health needs. This study tested child and parent associations with parent perception of young child mental health need.MethodParents of 917 children (aged 2–6 years) completed a diagnostic interview about their child assessing depression, anxiety, ODD/CD, ADHD, and impairment. Parents were surveyed about their own depression, anxiety, and asked about their psychiatric impairment. Parents were also asked whether they perceived their child as having a mental health need.ResultsOnly 38.8% of children who met criteria for a diagnosis were perceived by their parents as having a need, similar to previously studied rates in school‐aged children. Perception of need was associated with higher levels of symptoms and impairment. Thresholds for at least half of parents perceiving their child as having a need were relatively high: 19 or more symptoms, or 4 or more impairments. There was evidence of specificity: children with depressive disorders were more likely to be perceived as in need compared with other disorders. In terms of parent factors, more parental depressive symptoms were associated with higher perception of child need when the child had a diagnosis. Parental psychological impairment was associated with higher perception of need when the child had no diagnosis.ConclusionsMost preschool children that meet criteria for a psychiatric disorder are not perceived as needing help by their parents, which is dependent on both child and parent factors.
Characterization of mouse embryonic fibroblasts derived from Rassf6 knockout mice shows the implication of Rassf6 in the regulation of NF‐κB signaling
Authors: Morishita Mayu , Arimoto‐Matsuzaki Kyoko , Kitamura Masami , Niimura Kyohei , Iwasa Hiroaki , Maruyama Junichi , Hiraoka Yuichi , Yamamoto Kohei , Kitagawa Masanobu , Miyamura Norio , Nishina Hiroshi , Hata Yutaka 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRASSF6 is a member of the tumor suppressor Ras association domain family (RASSF) proteins. We have reported using human cancer cell lines that RASSF6 induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest via p53 and plays tumor suppressive roles. In this study, we generated Rassf6 knockout mice by CRISPR/Cas technology. Contrary to our expectation, Rassf6 knockout mice were apparently healthy. However, Rassf6‐null mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) were resistant against ultraviolet (UV)‐induced apoptosis/cell cycle arrest and senescence. UV‐induced p53‐target gene expression was compromised, and DNA repair was delayed in Rassf6‐null MEF. More importantly, KRAS active mutant promoted the colony formation of Rassf6‐null MEF but not the wild‐type MEF. RNA sequencing analysis showed that NF‐κB signaling was enhanced in Rassf6‐null MEF. Consistently, 7,12‐dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced skin inflammation in Rassf6 knockout mice more remarkably than in the wild‐type mice. Hence, Rassf6 deficiency not only compromises p53 function but also enhances NF‐κB signaling to lead to oncogenesis.
Matrix metalloproteinase‐9 inhibition or deletion attenuates portal hypertension in rodents
Authors: Huang Hui‐Chun , Ho Hsin‐Ling , Chang Ching‐Chih , Chuang Chiao‐Lin , Pun Chon Kit , Lee Fa‐Yauh , Huang Yi‐Hsiang , Hou Ming‐Chih , Hsu Shao‐Jung 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLiver cirrhosis and portal hypertension are accompanied by hyperdynamic circulation, angiogenesis and portosystemic collaterals. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) participate in fibrogenesis and angiogenesis, however, whether they can be targeted in cirrhosis treatment is unclear. Therefore, we performed three series of experiments to investigate this issue. Liver cirrhosis was induced by common bile duct ligation (BDL) in Sprague‐Dawley rats. Sham‐operated rats served as controls. Rats were randomly allocated to receive vehicle, minocycline (a nonselective MMP inhibitor) or SB‐3CT (MMP‐2 and −9 inhibitor) for 28 days in the first and second series, respectively. MMP‐9 knockout mice were used in the third series. The results showed that minocycline ameliorated portal hypertension, hemodynamic abnormalities, reduced collateral shunting, mesenteric vascular density, plasma VEGF level and alleviated liver fibrosis. SB‐3CT attenuated portal hypertension, hemodynamic derangements, reduced shunting, mesenteric vascular density, mesenteric VEGF protein expression, and liver fibrosis. Knockout BDL mice had significantly alleviated portal hypertension, liver fibrosis, liver α‐SMA and mesenteric eNOS protein expressions compared to wild‐type BDL mice. Liver SMAD2 phosphorylation was down‐regulated in all series with MMP inhibition or knock‐out. In conclusion, MMP‐9 inhibition or deletion ameliorated the severity of cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and associated derangements. MMP‐9 may be targeted in the treatment of liver cirrhosis.
Cardiac rhabdomyoma as a possible new prenatal sonographic feature of Prader–Willi syndrome
Authors: Traisrisilp Kuntharee , Sirikunalai Panarat , Sirilert Sirinart , Chareonsirisuthigul Takol , Tongsong Theera 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe describe a unique case of a pregnancy with fetal Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS). A 40‐year‐old pregnant woman prenatally presented with polyhydramnios, decreased fetal movements, fetal growth restriction with normal Doppler study, and fetal cardiac rhabdomyoma, a possible new sonographic markers for PWS, at 31 weeks of gestation. The newborn had hypotonia and feeding difficulty. Molecular genetic study showed a normal copy number of the 15q11.2–q13.1 chromosomal region but hypermethylation pattern of this region, indicating PWS. Other than the combination of polyhydramnios, fetal growth restriction, and decreased fetal movements, cardiac rhabdomyoma was detected and possibly associated with PWS. In conclusion, PWS should be listed in differential diagnoses if fetuses having the following perinatal factors: polyhydramnios, decreased fetal movements, and growth restriction. Finally, cardiac rhabdomyoma, observed in this case, might possibly be associated with PWS, although further studies to confirm are needed.
Fisheries management and tipping points: Seeking optimal management of Eastern Baltic cod under conditions of uncertainty about the future productivity regime
Authors: Voss Rudi , Quaas Martin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHistorical patterns of the Eastern Baltic cod stock recruitment show a shift from a regime with high reproductive potential before the early 1980s to a regime with low reproductive potential since then. This shift can be attributed to increasingly unfavorable environmental conditions for cod reproduction at that time: critical salinity and oxygen levels, needed for successful egg and larval development, deteriorated. Yet, significant inflows of salt‐ and oxygen‐rich water from the North Sea or improved eutrophication management might trigger a shift back to a more productive regime. Coupling a statistical recruitment model to a state‐of‐the‐art, age‐structured bio‐economic model of the Eastern Baltic cod fishery, we study how optimal management depends on the uncertainty about the future productivity regime. We extend the predominantly theoretical literature on optimal management of a natural resource with a potential regime shift by analyzing an empirical model of age‐structured population dynamics and by allowing for the possibility of a back‐shift from a “bad” into a “good” regime. We find that with a higher probability of a shift back to the more productive regime the optimal management of the fishery becomes more conservative in the short run. We conclude that these benefits for the fishery warrant strong action reducing eutrophication to increase the probability of a regime shift back to high reproductive potential of the Eastern Baltic cod fishery.
Change of the Most Probable Escape Path in a Fast-Slow Insect Outbreak System Under Different Noise Amplitude Ratios
Authors: Yu Qing , Liu Xianbin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Noise-induced escape from the domain of attraction of a stable state in a fast-slow insect outbreak system is investigated. According to Dannenberg's theory (et al., 2014, “Steering Most Probable Escape Paths by Varying Relative Noise Intensities,” Phys. Rev. Lett., 113(2), p. 020601), only noise amplitude ratio μ will lead to the change of the most probable escape path (MPEP). Therefore, the research emphasis of this paper is to extend their study and discuss the variation of the MPEP in more detail. First, for the case of μ = 1, the MPEP almost moves along the critical manifold. Via projecting the full system onto the critical manifold, a reduced system is obtained, and the action of the MPEP in the full system can be partly evaluated by that in the reduced system. In order to test the accuracy of the computed MPEP, based on the iterative action minimizing method (IAMM), a new relaxation method, which can reduce the central processing unit time, is then presented. Then, as μ converges to zero, an improved analytical method is given, through which a better approximation for the MPEP at the turning point is obtained. And then, when the value of μ is moderate, the MPEP will peel off the critical manifold. To determine the changing point on the critical manifold, an effective numerical algorithm is presented. In brief, a complete investigation on the structural change of the MPEP in a fast-slow insect outbreak system under different noise ratios is given, and the results of the numerical simulation match well with the analytical ones.
Experimental Study of the Endwall Heat Transfer of a Transonic Nozzle Guide Vane With Upstream Jet Purge Cooling Part 2—Effect of Combustor-Nozzle Guide Vane Misalignment
Authors: Mao Shuo , Sibold Ridge , Ng Wing F. , Li Zhigang , Bai Bo , Xu Hongzhou , Fox Michael 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A misalignment between the combustor exit and the nozzle guide vane (NGV) platform commonly exists due to manufacturing tolerances and thermal transience. This study investigated, experimentally and computationally, the effect of the combustor-turbine misalignment on the heat transfer for an axisymmetric converging endwall with a jet purge cooling scheme at transonic conditions. The studies were conducted at engine-representative Maexit = 0.85, inlet turbulence intensity of 16%, and Reexit,Cax = 1.5 × 106. A film cooling blowing ratio of 2.5 (design condition) and 3.5 and an engine-representative density ratio of 1.95 were used in the study. Three various step misalignments, combustor exit being 4.9% span higher than turbine inlet (backward-facing), no step (baseline), and combustor exit being 4.9% span lower than turbine inlet (forward-facing), were tested to demonstrate the misalignment effect on endwall heat transfer. Results indicated that the step misalignment affects the cooling performance by altering the interaction between the coolant and the cavity vortex, horseshoe vortex, and passage vortex. At the design blowing ratio of 2.5, the backward-facing step leads to increased coolant dissipation, causing the coolant to be later dominated by the passage vortex and leading to poor cooling performance. Meanwhile, a forward-facing step induced more coolant lift-off. At the blowing ratio of 3.5, the additional momentum ensures that enough coolant enters the passage to form a stable boundary layer. Therefore, the step misalignment no longer has a first-order effect.
Thermal Protection by Integration of Vacuum Insulation Panel in Liquid-Cooled Active Thermal Management for Electronics Package Exposed to Thermal Radiation
Authors: V. C. Midhun , Suresh S. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Thermal management systems (TMSs) working for electronics packages under harsh environments like intense thermal radiation are challenging due to external thermal interactions. Thermal insulation protection for TMS is very critical in these harsh conditions. An experimental setup was developed to analyze the effect of insulation protection against thermal irradiation over a pumped liquid-cooling active thermal management system (ATMS) with varying heat dissipation rate (0–4.2 kW/m2), thermal irradiation (0.85–3.80 kW/m2), and coolant temperature (15–25 °C). Three configurations of ATMS are considered in the experimental study: ATMS without thermal insulation protection, ATMSs integrated with Cellulose Fibre Insulation (CFI), and Vacuum Insulation Panel (VIP). The effect of insulation on each parameter in all three ATMS configurations over the temperature of the electronics component, cooling load, and nature of heat flow in ATMS was analyzed. VIP outperformed CFI on achieving a significant reduction in the temperature of electronics systems (35.67%) and cooling load (45.64%) experienced by the ATMS. VIP effectively reduced the impact of temperature and cooling load change in ATMS against change in thermal irradiation. The study concluded that thermal insulation protection was most effective at high thermal irradiation and low heat dissipation rate. Heat Flow Direction Index (HFDI) concept was developed to find the nature of heat transfer direction in ATMS without temperature distribution trend. Heat generation rate and irradiation possess significant influence over the nature of heat flow direction.
Experimental Investigation of the Subchannel Axial Pressure Drop and Hydraulic Characteristics of a 61-Pin Wire Wrapped Rod Bundle
Authors: Menezes Craig , Vaghetto Rodolfo , Hassan Yassin A. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Wire-wrapped hexagonal fuel bundles have been extensively investigated due to their enhanced heat transfer and flow characteristics. Experimental measurements are important to study the thermal-hydraulic behavior of such assemblies and to validate and improve the predictive capabilities of specialized correlations and computational tools. Presently, very limited experimental data is available on the local subchannel pressure drop. Experimental measurements of subchannel pressure drop were conducted in a 61-pin wire-wrapped rod bundle replica, for Reynolds numbers between 190 and 22,000. Specialized instrumented rods were utilized to measure the local pressure drop and estimate the subchannels' friction factor. Three interior subchannels, one edge subchannel, and one corner subchannel were selected to study the effects of location and flow regimes on the friction factor and hydraulic behavior. The transition boundaries from laminar to transitions regimes, and from transition to turbulent regimes were estimated for the subchannels analyzed. The results were found to be in agreement with the predictions of the upgraded Cheng and Todreas detailed correlation (UCTD). The results of the experimental campaign provided a better understanding of the hydraulic behavior of the subchannels of wire-wrapped bundles, in relation to its geometrical features.
A Finite Element Model for Compressive Ice Loads Based on a Mohr-Coulomb Material and the Node Splitting Technique
Authors: Herrnring Hauke , Ehlers Sören 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a finite element model for the simulation of ice–structure interaction problems, which are dominated by crushing. The failure mode of ice depends significantly on the strain rate. At low strain rates, the ice behaves ductile, whereas at high strain rates it reacts in brittle mode. This paper focuses on the brittle mode, which is the dominating mode for ship–ice interactions. A multitude of numerical approaches for the simulation of ice can be found in the literature. Nevertheless, the literature approaches do not seem suitable for the simulation of continuous ice–structure interaction processes at low and high confinement ratios in brittle mode. Therefore, this paper seeks to simulate the ice–structure interaction with the finite element method (FEM). The objective of the here introduced Mohr-Coulomb Nodal Split (MCNS) model is to represent the essential material behavior of ice in an efficient formulation. To preserve mass and energy as much as possible, the node splitting technique is applied, instead of the frequently used element erosion technique. The intention of the presented model is not to reproduce individual cracks with high accuracy, because this is not possible with a reasonable element size, due to the large number of crack fronts forming during the ice–structure interaction process. To validate the findings of the model, the simulated maximum ice forces and contact pressures are compared with ice extrusion and double pendulum tests. During validation, the MCNS model shows a very good agreement with these experimental values.
Semi-Supervised Learning for Anomaly Classification Using Partially Labeled Subsets
Authors: Cohen Joseph , Ni Jun 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Machine learning and other data-driven methods have developed at a prolific rate for industrial applications due to the advent of industrial big data. However, industrial datasets may not be especially well-suited to supervised learning approaches that require extensive domain knowledge in the complete and accurate labeling of datasets. To address these challenges, a semi-supervised learning approach is proposed that makes use of partially labeled subsets. The proposed methodology is applied to high-dimensional in-process measurement data, utilizing a convolutional autoencoder (CAE) for unsupervised feature extraction. A multiclass extension for semi-supervised anomaly diagnosis is proposed that utilizes principal component analysis (PCA) as the basis for anomaly scoring, and the proposed approach intersects the results of targeted one-against-all phases on partially labeled sets to classify faults. Experiments in a case study on semiconductor manufacturing measurement data are performed to explore the relationship between latent features extracted and anomaly detection performance. The application of the proposed algorithm achieves a true positive detection rate of over 90% with false positive rate under 9% for both local and global anomaly types, with these results accomplished while reducing over 99% of the original input data dimensions. In addition, the approach also allows for positive samples to be identified that were previously undetected by human experts. These results are promising for the application of the proposed semi-supervised methodology in real industrial settings.
Multi Time-Scale Engine and Powertrain Control for Autonomous Vehicles Via Lagrange Multipliers
Authors: Boyle Stephen , Stockar Stephanie 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) have the ability to use information obtained via vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, and sensors to improve their fuel economy through predictive strategies, including velocity trajectory optimization and optimal traffic light arrival and departure. These powertrain control strategies operate on a slow timescale relative to the engine dynamics; hence, assume that the engine torque production is instantaneous. This assumption results in a torque command profile that may lead to engine dynamics constraint violation, actuator saturation, poor tracking performance, decreased efficiency, poor drivability, and increased emissions. To address this issue, a supplemental controller based on an iterative hierarchical model predictive control (MPC) is proposed in this paper. The constraint satisfaction is achieved through a novel two-way communication of the Lagrange multipliers. The proposed methodology is demonstrated on an autonomous diesel semitruck on two maneuvers. Compared to a traditional centralized approach, the proposed method achieves systematic constraints' satisfaction with negligible effect on fuel economy, less than 1%, and significantly improved computation time, more than ten times.
Erratum: “A Simple Method for the Prediction of Wall Temperatures in Gas Turbines” [ASME 1978 International Gas Turbine Conference and Products Show, Volume 1A: General, London, England, April 9–13, 1978, Conference Sponsors: International Gas Turbine Institute, ISBN: 978-0-7918-7971-9, Copyright © 1978 by ASME. Paper No. 78-GT-90, V01AT01A090; 13 pages; doi: 10.1115/78-GT-90]
Authors: Kretschmer D. , Odgers J. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This erratum corrects errors that appeared in the paper “A Simple Method for the Prediction of Wall Temperatures in Gas Turbines”, which was published in Proceedings of the ASME 1978 International Gas Turbine Conference and Products Show, Volume 1A: General, V01AT01A090, April 1978, 78-GT-90, doi: 10.1115/78-GT-90.
This paper was originally published in 1978. There were numerous equation errors due to the typesetting limitations which have been corrected. The references have also been updated to contain additional information. Reference 12 is a duplicate of reference 10 and has also been removed.
Protocol for DRAUP: a deimplementation programme to decrease routine chest radiographs after central venous catheter insertion
Authors: Ablordeppey Enyo A , Powell Byron , McKay Virginia , Keating Shannon , James Aimee , Carpenter Christopher , Kollef Marin , Griffey Richard 
Published: October 2021

IntroductionAvoiding low value medical practices is an important focus in current healthcare utilisation. Despite advantages of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) over chest X-ray including improved workflow and timeliness of results, POCUS-guided central venous catheter (CVC) position confirmation has slow rate of adoption. This demonstrates a gap that is ripe for the development of an intervention.MethodsThe intervention is a deimplementation programme called DRAUP (deimplementation of routine chestradiographs afteradoption ofultrasound-guided insertion and confirmation of central venous catheterprotocol) that will be created to address one unnecessary imaging modality in the acute care environment. We propose a three-phase approach to changing low-value practices. In phase 1, we will be guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research framework to explore barriers and facilitators of POCUS for CVC confirmation in a single centre, large tertiary, academic hospital via focus groups. The qualitative methods will inform the development and adaptation of strategies that address identified determinants of change. In phase 2, the multifaceted strategies will be conceptualised using Morgan’s framework for understanding and reducing medical overuse. In phase 3, we will locally implement these strategies and assess them using Proctor’s outcomes (adoption, deadoption, fidelityandpenetration) in an observational study to demonstrate proof of concept, gaining valuable insights on the programme. Secondary outcomes will include POCUS-guided CVC confirmation efficacy measured by time and effectiveness measured by sensitivity and specificity of POCUS confirmation after CVC insertion.With limited data available to inform interventions that use concurrent implementation and deimplementation strategies to substitute chest X-ray for POCUS using the DRAUP programme, we propose that this primary implementation and secondary effectiveness pilot study will provide novel data that will expand the knowledge of implementation approaches to replacing low value or unnecessary care in acute care environments.Ethics and disseminationApproval of the study by the Human Research Protection Office has been obtained. This work will be disseminated by publication of peer-reviewed manuscripts, presentation in abstract form at scientific meetings and data sharing with other investigators through academically established means.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov Identifier,NCT04324762, registered on 27 March 2020.