bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, Perceptions and Effects of Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak on the Pig Value Chain in the Agro-pastoralist District of Luwero, Central Uganda
Authors: Majalija Samuel , Birungi Doreen , Tumwine Gabriel , Kato Charles Drago , Ssekamatte Tonny , Ocaido Michael 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Ebola outbreaks have continued to affect the health, wellbeing and livelihoods of communities. In particular, Ebola response interventions affect food value chains, food and income security of pig farming communities. There is paucity of information on the effect of Ebola outbreak on the pig value chain as well there is a gap on the knowledge and perceptions of those engaged in the pig value chain on Ebola. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing the knowledge, perceptions on the occurrence of Ebola and its effects on the pig value chain in the agro-pastoral district of Luweero, Central Uganda.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in two parishes of Ssambwe and Ngalonkulu, Luwero district. A total of 229 respondents were included in the study. Structured questionnaires, key informant interviews and focus group discussions were conducted to collect data. Quantitative data was analysed using SPSS version 22 while qualitative data was analysed using thematic content analysis.Results: Of the 229 respondents, 95.6% could recall the occurrence of the last Ebola outbreak in their locality. The proportion of respondents that associated touching pigs or eating pork with acquisition of Ebola virus was 24.5%. Ebola was perceived as a spiritual manifestation of witchcraft activities. Traditional healers were among the first line of health care providers to Ebola patients in the outbreak. There was no significant association between the perceived human practices such as bush meat consumption, contact with wild animals and acquiring of Ebola virus. The number of pigs sold during the outbreak was significantly reduced (p= 0.001) and this normalized 2 months after the area was declared Ebola free. There was a significant reduction (p= 0.03) in consumption of pork, as well as the unit cost per kilogram of pork during the Ebola outbreak due to fear of acquiring the disease from pork. Conclusion: The study showed that the pig value chain was negatively affected by Ebola outbreak. Therefore, there is need to sensitize the stakeholders on Ebola in order to minimize the negative economic impacts associated with EVD outbreaks.
Media Pembelajaran Matematika Konkret Versus Digital: Systematic Literature Review di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0
Authors: Khairunnisa Gusti Firda , Ilmi Yuli Ismi Nahdiyah 
Published: January 2021

The development of technology in the age of the fourth industrial revolution affects almost every aspect of human lives, including education sector. Therefore, learning innovations are needed in order to meet learning objectives. The objectives are coaching people who are competitive and have 4C skills (communication, collaboration, critical thinking and problem solving, creativity and innovation). One of the learning innovations in mathematics is the application of concrete and digital learning media. To explore and summarize the latest facts related to the concrete and digital mathematics learning media during industry 4.0, the authors of this study conducted a research using Systematic Literature Review method. A total of 30 literatures from various databases were interpreted. A review was drawn on the uses, strengths, and weaknesses of digital and concrete mathematics learning media during industry 4.0. The concrete learning media has advantages which include improving students’ problem solving, creative thinking, and visual thinking skills, but it requires more attention and care. Meanwhile, the advantages of digital learning media include increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of learning mathematics, supporting distance learning, and not requiring special maintenance. Nevertheless, there are still students and teachers who are not familiar with technology, some students do not have gadgets, and there are also inadequate internet networks in some areas.
Biblijna kosmologia Jana Kochanowskiego. Ciała niebieskie w „Psałterzu Dawidowym” na tle XVI-wiecznych przekładów Biblii
Authors: Starownik Agata 
Published: January 2021

Tematem tekstu są odniesienia astronomiczne w Psałterzu Dawidowym Jana Kochanowskiego, zaliczającym się do dzieł poety najbogatszych w tego typu nawiązania. Koncentrują się one wokół budowy wszechświata, najważniejszych ciał niebieskich: Słońca i Księżyca (w dalszej kolejności też gwiazd) oraz ich ruchu po niebie, wyznaczanego przez nie kosmicznego ładu i pochwały harmonijnego dzieła Stworzenia oraz jego Autora. W tekście omówiono kilka wybranych motywów związanych z tematyką astronomiczną w Psałterzu. Zaliczają się do nich wschody i zachody słońca powiązane z porami dnia i porządkiem czasu, obraz kręgu ziemskiego, przeciwstawienie Bóg na wysokościach–ziemia na dole, zestawienia głównych obiektów astronomicznych: Słońca i Księżyca. Wybrane motywy astronomiczne w Psałterzu Kochanowskiego odniesiono do dwóch szesnastowiecznych tłumaczeń Księgi Psalmów, które można uznać za najważniejsze dla dwóch głównych stronnictw uczestniczących w sporach o teksty święte: protestancką Biblię brzeską i katolicką Biblię Jakuba Wujka. Nie ma to na celu szukania bezpośrednich zależności (w przypadku przekładu katolickiego, późniejszego niż zbiór Kochanowskiego, niemożliwych), ale skonfrontowanie dzieła poetyckiego z koncepcjami czytania i przekładania Biblii wykreowanymi przez twórców przekładów konfesyjnych.
A superação do direito como norma
Authors: Fonseca Gabriel Ferreira da 
Published: January 2021

A superação do direito como norma: uma revisão descolonial da teoria do direito brasileiro é um convite à reflexão sobre os históricos descompassos entre o “direito oficial” (legal, doutrinário e jurisprudencial) e a realidade plural do país e mesmo da sociedade mundial. Como resultado tanto da trajetória pessoal na prática jurídica, quanto do acúmulo de reflexões teóricas no campo do direito, Tercio Sampaio Ferraz Junior e Guilherme Roman Borges apresentam um importante balanço sobre o direito ocidental neste início de década tão desafiador. A tradição jusfilosófica é revisitada à luz dos problemas trazidos pela digitalização e aceleração das comunicações sociais e jurídicas, bem como da percepção das realidades sociais e juridicidades paralelas às rotinas das organizações estatais. Em razão desse diálogo responsivo com os desafios da contemporaneidade e do país, o livro torna-se relevante não apenas para os teóricos e filósofos do direito, que talvez sejam o seu público mais óbvio, mas também para a sociedade e os juristas em geral.
Assessing Apps for Health Care Workers Using the ISYScore-Pro Scale: Development and Validation Study
Authors: Grau-Corral Inmaculada , Pantoja Percy Efrain , Grajales III Francisco J , Kostov Belchin , Aragunde Valentín , Puig-Soler Marta , Roca Daria , Couto Elvira , Sisó-Almirall Antoni 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundThe presence of mobile phone and smart devices has allowed for the use of mobile apps to support patient care. However, there is a paucity in our knowledge regarding recommendations for mobile apps specific to health care professionals.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to establish a validated instrument to assess mobile apps for health care providers and health systems. Our objective is to create and validate a tool that evaluates mobile health apps aimed at health care professionals based on a trust, utility, and interest scale.MethodsA five-step methodology framework guided our approach. The first step consisted of building a scale to evaluate apps for health care professionals based on a literature review. This was followed with expert panel validation through a Delphi method of (rated) web-based questionnaires to empirically evaluate the inclusion and weight of the indicators identified through the literature review. Repeated iterations were followed until a consensus greater than 75% was reached. The scale was then tested using a pilot to assess reliability. Interrater agreement of the pilot was measured using a weighted Cohen kappa.ResultsUsing a literature review, a first draft of the scale was developed. This was followed with two Delphi rounds between the local research group and an external panel of experts. After consensus was reached, the resulting ISYScore-Pro 17-item scale was tested. A total of 280 apps were originally identified for potential testing (140 iOS apps and 140 Android apps). These were categorized using International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision. Once duplicates were removed and they were downloaded to confirm their specificity to the target audience (ie, health care professionals), 66 remained. Of these, only 18 met the final criteria for inclusion in validating the ISYScore-Pro scale (interrator reliabilty 92.2%; kappa 0.840, 95% CI 0.834-0.847; P<.001).ConclusionsWe have developed a reproducible methodology to objectively evaluate mobile health apps targeted to health care professionals and providers, the ISYScore-Pro scale. Future research will be needed to adapt the scale to other languages and across other domains (eg, legal compliance or security).
eHealth Program to Reduce Hospitalizations Due to Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Retrospective Study
Authors: van Buul Amanda R , Derksen Caroline , Hoedemaker Ouke , van Dijk Oscar , Chavannes Niels H , Kasteleyn Marise J 
Published: January 2021

Background
Hospitalization for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with poor prognosis. eHealth interventions might improve outcomes and decrease costs.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an eHealth program on COPD hospitalizations and exacerbations.

Methods
This was a real-world study conducted from April 2018 to December 2019 in the Bravis Hospital, the Netherlands. An eHealth program (EmmaCOPD) was offered to COPD patients at risk of exacerbations. EmmaCOPD consisted of an app that used questionnaires (to monitor symptoms) and a step counter (to monitor the number of steps) to detect exacerbations. Patients and their buddies received feedback when their symptoms worsened or the number of steps declined. Generalized estimating equations were used to compare the number of days admitted to the hospital and the total number of exacerbations 12 months before and (max) 18 months after the start of EmmaCOPD. We additionally adjusted for the potential confounders of age, sex, COPD severity, and inhaled corticosteroid use.

Results
The 29 included patients had a mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second of 45.5 (SD 17.7) %predicted. In the year before the intervention, the median total number of exacerbations was 2.0 (IQR 2.0-3.0). The median number of hospitalized days was 8.0 days (IQR 6.0-16.5 days). Afterwards, there was a median 1.0 (IQR 0.0-2.0) exacerbation and 2.0 days (IQR 0.0-4.0 days) of hospitalization. After initiation of EmmaCOPD, both the number of hospitalized days and total number of exacerbations decreased significantly (incidence rate ratio 0.209, 95% CI 0.116-0.382; incidence rate ratio 0.310, 95% CI 0.219-0.438). Adjustment for confounders did not affect the results.

Conclusions
The eHealth program seems to reduce the number of total exacerbations and number of days of hospitalization due to exacerbations of COPD.
Characterizing the COVID-19 Infodemic on Chinese Social Media: Exploratory Study
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Pian Wenjing , Ma Feicheng , Ni Zhenni , Liu Yunmei 
Published: January 2021

Background
The COVID-19 infodemic has been disseminating rapidly on social media and posing a significant threat to people’s health and governance systems.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate and analyze posts related to COVID-19 misinformation on major Chinese social media platforms in order to characterize the COVID-19 infodemic.

Methods
We collected posts related to COVID-19 misinformation published on major Chinese social media platforms from January 20 to May 28, 2020, by using PythonToolkit. We used content analysis to identify the quantity and source of prevalent posts and topic modeling to cluster themes related to the COVID-19 infodemic. Furthermore, we explored the quantity, sources, and theme characteristics of the COVID-19 infodemic over time.

Results
The daily number of social media posts related to the COVID-19 infodemic was positively correlated with the daily number of newly confirmed (r=0.672, P<.01) and newly suspected (r=0.497, P<.01) COVID-19 cases. The COVID-19 infodemic showed a characteristic of gradual progress, which can be divided into 5 stages: incubation, outbreak, stalemate, control, and recovery. The sources of the COVID-19 infodemic can be divided into 5 types: chat platforms (1100/2745, 40.07%), video-sharing platforms (642/2745, 23.39%), news-sharing platforms (607/2745, 22.11%), health care platforms (239/2745, 8.71%), and Q&A platforms (157/2745, 5.72%), which slightly differed at each stage. The themes related to the COVID-19 infodemic were clustered into 8 categories: “conspiracy theories” (648/2745, 23.61%), “government response” (544/2745, 19.82%), “prevention action” (411/2745, 14.97%), “new cases” (365/2745, 13.30%), “transmission routes” (244/2745, 8.89%), “origin and nomenclature” (228/2745, 8.30%), “vaccines and medicines” (154/2745, 5.61%), and “symptoms and detection” (151/2745, 5.50%), which were prominently diverse at different stages. Additionally, the COVID-19 infodemic showed the characteristic of repeated fluctuations.

Conclusions
Our study found that the COVID-19 infodemic on Chinese social media was characterized by gradual progress, videoization, and repeated fluctuations. Furthermore, our findings suggest that the COVID-19 infodemic is paralleled to the propagation of the COVID-19 epidemic. We have tracked the COVID-19 infodemic across Chinese social media, providing critical new insights into the characteristics of the infodemic and pointing out opportunities for preventing and controlling the COVID-19 infodemic.
Cyclic Model and Map for Estimating Predictive Potential of Prognostic-Planning Methodology Development
Authors: Busheneva Yu. I. 
Published: January 2021

The article states that in our country considerable experience has been gained in forecasting and planning work, the formation of which is based on certain methodological approaches that undergo transformation at different historical stages. The purpose of the article is to assess the features of the development of the forecasting and planning methodology of the domestic national economy in various historical periods of time.Based on the analysis of historical facts, the author’s expert assessment and graphic modeling techniques, a cyclic model and a map for assessing the predictive development potential of the forecasting and planning methodology of the domestic national economy are developed, which differs by identifying the stages in the development of forecasted and planned work depending on the nature of the obligatory execution, the depth of the impact of forecasts and plans for economic development, resource methods, predictability of the future.The results of the study can be applied in the activities of government to improve the quality of forecasting and planning work, to determine the turning points of phase shifts in the development of the forecasting and planning methodology.
Penyelesaian Sengketa Waris Berbasis Kearifan Lokal di Desa Gayasan A, Kecamatan Jenggawah, Kabupaten Jember, Provinsi Jawa Timur
Authors: Khilmi Erfina Fuadatul , Hafidzah Arvina 
Published: January 2021

Perbedaan dalam memahami pola pembagian hak waris berpotensi menimbulkan sengketa yang mempengaruhi hubungan keluarga menjadi semakin luntur dan berimplikasi pada konflik yang tidak berujung antar keluarga satu dengan lainnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memahami implementasi penyelesaian sengketa waris dengan menggunakan sarana kearifan lokal setempat sebagai metode alternatif dalam mencapai keseimbangan dan harmoni masyarakat yang masih menganggap tabu tindakan penyelesaian melalui jalur pengadilan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang mempengaruhi adanya perbedaan dalam pembagian waris di Desa Gayasan A Kecamatan Jenggawah Kabupaten Jember adalah tidak adanya komunikasi antar pewaris dan ahli waris atau dikenal istilah keluarga debik kek lopaen dan penilaian masyarakat terhadap ahli waris sangat menentukan terkait pembagian hak waris, sehingga diperlukan kearifan lokal yang menjadi sarana strategis dalam menyelesaikan sengketa melalui perembugen dengan diskusi internal keluarga dan mediasi kepala adat serta pengucilan (tak diajepi). Data dikumpulkan melalui kombinasi antara studi pustaka dengan studi lapang dengan cara melakukan pengamatan, wawancara dan angket. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sosiologi hukum dengan pendekatan masalah pada hukum adat tidak tertulis yang lebih memberlakukan hukum yang hidup di masyarakat Desa Gayasan A sebagai fakta sosial yang dibangun dari sistem nilai masyarakatnya dengan didukung oleh pendekatan teori (teori approach).
Surgical Management of the Axilla in Breast Cancer
Authors: Donovan Cory , Giuliano Armando E 
Published: January 2021

The management of the axilla in breast cancer has shifted from axillary dissection in all patients to sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) alone for most patients, including patients with sentinel lymph node metastases. Although important to clinical staging, physical examination alone does not accurately predict axillary metastasis. There are some circumstances where SLNB is contraindicated or should be used with caution. The impact of SLNB after neoadjuvant chemotherapy remains unproven, but its use is reasonable for some patients. Patients with tumor-free sentinel lymph nodes or nodes with micrometastatic disease require no further axillary surgery. Most patients with one to three lymph nodes positive for macrometastatic disease who undergo segmental mastectomy and radiation do not require an axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). There has not been a dramatic increase in axillary recurrence or a decrease in survival with the decreased use of ALND. In the future, with improvements in genomic analysis, ALND and even SLNB may be even less important in local control and prognosis.

This review contains 9 figures, 7 tables and 52 references.
Key words: ACOSOG Z0011, axilla, axillary dissection, axillary radiation, breast cancer, macrometastasis, micrometastasis, sentinel lymph node biopsy
Male Breast Cancer
Authors: Stone Kimberly S. , Wapnir Irene L 
Published: January 2021

This is a contemporary review of risk factors and genetic predisposition associated with breast cancer in men. The workup and evaluation of breast masses and surgical management of cancer in this population are detailed. In addition, systemic therapies for the treatment of breast cancer in men are reviewed and compared with the therapeutic approaches used for women.

This reviews contains 5 figures, 2 tables and 50 references.
Key words: breast-conserving surgery, chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, genetic predisposition testing, genomic profiling, lymphadenectomy, male breast cancer, mastectomy, radiotherapy, sentinel lymph node biopsy
Pregnancy-Associated Breast Cancer
Authors: Ahn Soojin , Port Elisa R. 
Published: January 2021

Breast cancer diagnosed during pregnancy or in the first postpartum year is referred to as pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC). With more women postponing childbearing until later in life, the incidence of PABC is expected to increase. Often there is a delay in diagnosis as small tumors are difficult to detect on a physical examination, and new findings may be obscured against the background of normal physiologic changes associated with pregnancy. Therefore, PABC tends to be diagnosed at a more advanced stage. Once an abnormality is suspected, diagnostic testing should be pursued. Breast ultrasonography is the imaging study of choice, although mammography can be safely performed with proper shielding. Magnetic resonance imaging with contrast is contraindicated due to possible teratogenic effects of gadolinium. Core-needle biopsy of any suspicious masses should be performed. After the establishment of the diagnosis, multidisciplinary treatment planning should be undertaken to optimize the outcome for both the mother and the baby. As certain systemic therapy agents and radiotherapy cannot be safely given during pregnancy, the sequence and timing of the different components of multimodality treatment must be carefully planned. PABC was previously thought to confer a poorer prognosis, but recent studies have shown no significant difference in survival between pregnant and nonpregnant patients when matched by age and stage.
Key words: antihormonal therapy, breast cancer, breast surgery, chemotherapy, oncofertility, pregnancy, prognosis, radiation, sentinel lymph node biopsy
Rare Tumors of the Colorectal Region
Authors: Abelson Jonathan S , Yeo Heather L 
Published: January 2021

Rare tumors of the colon and rectum account for less than 5% of all colorectal tumors. The most common of these rare tumors include anorectal melanoma, rectal neuroendocrine tumors, rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), and retrorectal tumors. Their prognosis is varied and depends on underling pathology. Surgery plays an important role in many of these tumors. Molecularly targeted therapy and immunotherapy have expanding roles in GIST and anal melanoma, respectively. Adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation therapy may be employed in specific circumstances of unresectable or metastatic disease or for symptom control.

This review contains 4 figures, 6 tables and 60 references.
Key words: anal canal, antineoplastic agents, anus neoplasms, chordoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, melanoma, neuroendocrine tumors, operative, radiotherapy, rectal neoplasms, surgical procedures
Myxofibrosarcoma and Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma
Authors: Lee Ann Y 
Published: January 2021

Both myxofibrosarcoma and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) are sarcomas that primarily occur in the extremities of older patients. UPS (previously known as malignant fibrous histiocytoma) is now considered a diagnosis of exclusion, representing a group of high-grade, heterogeneous tumors with no clear line differentiation and characterized by high rates of distant metastases. Myxofibrosarcoma (formerly myxoid variant of malignant fibrous histiocytoma) is a distinct histologic entity that is largely distinguished from UPS by its myxoid stroma and curvilinear vascular pattern. Myxofibrosarcoma tends to have a locally infiltrative behavior that can often be seen as T2 hyperintense “tails” on magnetic resonance imaging. Local recurrence rates can be as high as 61% and are independent of grade. Unlike other sarcomas, it is recommended that tumors be excised with at least a 2 cm margin around both clinically and radiographically evident tumor. Low-grade tumors do not tend to metastasize but can recur as high-grade tumors with increased metastatic potential. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for localized disease. For high-grade tumors, this may require complex plastics and vascular reconstruction. Selecting cases for multimodality therapy, including radiation and chemotherapy, should be done on a case-by-case basis after review by a multidisciplinary sarcoma team with particular attention to a patient’s risk of local recurrence and distant metastases. Further studies into histology-specific therapeutic targets will help inform future clinical trials.

This review contains 4 figures, 4 tables and 54 references
Key words: chemotherapy, distant metastases, extremity sarcoma, local recurrence, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, myxofibrosarcoma, radiation, sarcoma, surgical margins, T2 hyperintense tails, undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma