bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inelastic Form Factors for the 90Zr Nucleus with Short-Range Correlations Effect
Authors: Abdalsada Israa Khalil. , Al-Rahmani Altaf A. 
Published: December 2024

Short-range effect on C2, C3, C4 and C5 form factors in the 90Zr atomic nucleus was scrutinized. The charge density of the 90Zr was as well as scrutinized via the 1- and 2-body parts of cluster expansion in collaboration with harmonic functions of single particle. To incorporate the short-range effect in the 2-body part of cluster expansion, the Jastrow formula was used. Here, the core-polarization and model space participations are what lead to the form factors in 90Zr. The transition density of core polarization was calculated using the Tassie form, relying on the charge density. The elements of one body density matrix were determined by performing shell model computations using the computer code OXBASH together with the N50J interaction. The oscillator parameter and correlation parameter were applied to the existing calculations, where and are autonomously produced for each distinct nucleus by matching between the predicted and actual elastic form factors. A single value for each of and must be given for computing the density, elastic and inelastic form factors for diverse states in 90Zr. This work provides confirmation that the short-range effect substantially dominates existing computations, where taking this effect into account appears to be crucial to creating an important modification to the predicated findings which eventually leads to a noteworthy interpretation of the data across all assumed momentum transfers.
A simple method (Schirmer IV) to stimulate reflex tear volume secretion by application of gel ice pack on the closed eyelid in dry eye patients
Authors: Balamurugan R. , Sarma Phulen , Nicodemus Deepthi Slesser , Marimuthu Yamini , Rakesh Upparakadiyala 
Published: December 2024

Objectives:
We aimed to demonstrate the effectiveness of gel ice pack application on closed eyelids to stimulate reflex tear volume secretion in dry eye patients.

Materials and Methods:
It is a randomized and controlled study. Sixty patients with dry eyes were randomized into two groups of 30 each: Group A (gel ice pack) and Group B (control group, gel pack at room temperature). Tear secretions using a Schirmer strip were measured before and after the gel pack applications and compared.

Results:
The study groups (n = 30 in each) were comparable in terms of baseline characteristics such as best-corrected visual acuity (P > 0.05), intraocular pressure (P > 0.05), and baseline tear volume (P > 0.05). In terms of Schirmer’s reading at 5 min, the application of gel ice pack resulted in a significant increase in lacrimation in Group A (25.77 ± 10.76 for right eye [OD] and 26.43 ± 10.67 for left eye [OS]) when compared to Group B (13.43 ± 3.98 for OD and 13.80 ± 4.55 for OS) in the overall patient population (P < 0.001). The pain score (1–5) was slightly higher in the Group A (1, 1, 0–1) when compared to the control group (0, 0, 0–0), which is statistically significant (P < 0.05). No other adverse events were seen in any of the groups.

Conclusion:
The gel ice pack application on closed eyelids to stimulate reflex tear secretion is a simple, safe, inexpensive, non-invasive, and feasible procedure. Hence, the application of a gel pack (Schirmer IV) stimulate the reflex tear volume secretions could be considered as one of the methods to measure the reflex tear volume secretions.
New Approaches to Diagnosis and Management of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization. A Literature Review
Authors: Eriksen Nilena , Kostandini Dorian 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH) is a developmental disorder of dental enamel with a systemic origin that affects one to four permanent first molars associated with incisors involvement. The aim of this study is to bring to the attention of professionals this pathology, emphasizing at the same time the importance of early diagnosis and frequency of controls of the affected individuals, including updates on diagnosis criteria. Methodology: This a literature review helping the professionals with new research in this field. Results: The European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry has established the criteria for the evaluation of MIH updated in 2022, mostly involved in diagnosis and management. Many studies have shown that prevalence varies in different populations meanwhile have advanced in identifying possible etiological factors. Conclusions: This literature review related to MIH brings to the attention of professionals this pathology that requires a multidisciplinary intervention. Early diagnosis, identification, and awareness of dentists, and parents can influence its appearance and treatment options. Preventive therapy through remineralization can prevent massive post-eruptive enamel breakdown as well as other serious complications, with an important psycho-social impact on the child's life.
Correlation of Electrocardiogram Derived P Wave Dispersion and Left Ventricular Diastolic Function in Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Lateef Abbas Hussein , Abbood Ahlam Khadim , Obayes Oday Jasim 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Abnormal PWD expressed the impaired atrial electrical conduction which occurs as a result of structural changes (remodelling) in the atria caused by hypertension )HT). Diastolic function of the left ventricle (LV) have significant role in determination LV filling. Diastolic dysfunction (DD) related with fatality and hospitalization due to heart failure (HF).
Patients and Methods:
The study involved 100 individuals with HT. PWD was calculated from 12- leads surface ECG by determining the disparity betwixt the broadest and thinnest P waves. LV mass and left ventricle mass index ( LVMI) and diastolic function measurements were performed.
Results:
Correlation studies between PWD and parameters of LV diastolic function (E/A ratio and e`) showed statistically highly significant negative correlation (r = - 0.401, r = - 0.244) subsequently, p,< 0.05).
Correlation study of PWD with E/e` showed a positive correlation which was statistically highly significant (r = 0.241, p < 0.05). While the Correlation studies of PWD with left atrial volume (LAV) and left atrial volume index (LAVI) showed statistically no significant positive correlation (r = 0.116, r = 0.029, p,>,0.05).
Correlation studies of PWD with LVM and LVMI: showed statistically highly significant positive correlation with (r = 0.474, r = ,0.340respectively, p,<,0.05).
Conclusions:
This research concludes that PWD obtained from ECG is a nonintrusive determiner, for diastolic function in hypertensive patients, that can reflect LV diastolic function and the effects of hypertension on LV remodelling.
Management of School Facilities and Infrastructure as a Support for Extracuricular Activities at Junior High School 30 Semarang
Authors: Al Ayyubi Shalahuddin , Abdullah Shodiq 
Published: December 2024

Schools have the function of providing guidance and development of all the potential of students, both in the form of physical, intellectual and moral potential. Therefore, schools provide physical and non-physical facilities, especially extracurricular activities. This study aims to analyze the management process of educational facilities and infrastructure in optimizing extracurricular activities. This research is a qualitative study with data collection techniques by means of observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out by data reduction, data discussion, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study concluded that the management of facilities and infrastructure at Junior High School 30 Semarang includes planning, procurement, use, inventory, maintenance, and elimination. The process begins with planning needs, followed by procurement through an online shopping system according to Ministry of Education and Culture regulations. The use of facilities and infrastructure is supervised by the deputy head of facilities and infrastructure. Inventory is conducted regularly to reduce the risk of loss, while maintenance involves extracurricular parties in maintaining the condition of the facilities. Items that are not suitable will be removed according to the procedure. Supporting factors include the support of the school community, while inhibiting factors include teachers' workload and limited funds.
PENGARUH INTERAKSI MANGSA DAN PEMANGSA PERTAMA YANG BERADA DALAM SATU LINGKUNGAN PADA MODEL SATU MANGSA DUA PEMANGSA
Authors: Kusnanto Ali , Ilmi Salsabilla Fitri , Sianturi Paian , Ardana N K Kutha , Julianto MT 
Published: December 2024

Dalam tulisan ini dianalisis model satu mangsa dua pemangsa dimana mangsa dan pemangsa berada dalam lingkungan yang sama. Pemangsa kedua berada di lingkungan berbeda dan memakan mangsa dan pemangsa pertama. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh interaksi antara mangsa dan pemangsa pertama dalam dinamika ketiga populasi yang terjadi. Proses yang digunakan untuk analisis adalah mencari kestabilan titik tetap dan melakukan simulasi numerik. Diperoleh enam titik tetap yang kestabilannya bergantung pada nilai parameter yang dipilih. Untuk mencapai ekosistem yang seimbang antara populasi mangsa dan pemangsa, dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengendalikan populasi pemangsa pertama. Dalam penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa semakin menaikkan interaksi yang dilakukan antara mangsa dengan pemangsa pertama mengakibatkan populasi mangsa menurun dan pemangsa pertama naik. Tetapi jika tingkat interaksi ini terus dilakukan maka pemangsa kedua akan menurun ke arah kepunahan. Untuk menanggulangi ini maka tingkat pemangsaan antara pemangsa pertama oleh pemangsa kedua perlu ditingatkan, walaupun peningkatan ini jika terlalu besar akan membuat pemangsa pertama punah.
Proto-Narrative: A Critical Exploration of the Cultural Identities Held by Black Women in STEM
Authors: Flake Sherita , Lubin Rebecca 
Published: December 2024

Systemic structures have historically marginalized Black women, especially those with disabilities, from pursuing careers in STEM fields, perpetuating exclusionary practices within higher education institutions. The need for increased representation of Black women, including those with disabilities, in STEM has prompted institutions to prioritize graduation within this demographic. To meet the demand for more Black women entering the STEM field, higher education institutions encourage the integration of culturally relevant STEM curricula. Using culturally relevant models, such as Flake’s Four Dimensions of Cultural Identity, based on Paulo Freire’s Critical Reflection from the lens of Henri Tajfel’s Social Identity, humanizes the educational journey of Black women in STEM, fortifying the Black women in STEM industry. Building on Flake's Cultural Identity framework, this paper uses Freire's Critical Pedagogy to underscore the transformative potential of culturally aligned curricula, fostering a learning environment conducive to the empowerment of aspiring Black women in STEM while anchoring them to their cultural roots. Therefore, this paper explores reflective narratives of Black women in STEM during their higher education experiences, illuminating the significance of their cultural identity in shaping their agency in STEM. Their narratives seek to inform the development of STEM curricula that empower Black women with the introduction of the authors’ conceptual framework centered on cultural identity, learning communities, and agency. Within this framework, the proto-narratives of the study's participants, Black women in STEM with a disability, reveal how a sense of belonging within the learning community mediates the cultivation of agency within STEM. As such, this study elevates the experiences of Black women in STEM as proto-narratives, emphasizing these narratives as the genesis, in contrast to often labeled counter-narratives. It underscores the critical importance of recognizing and nurturing cultural identities to empower and advance the next generation of Black women in STEM.
Acute Coronary Syndrome In Patient With Susac Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Gurbuz Ahmett Seyfettin 
Published: December 2024

Susac sendromu beyin, iç kulak ve retinadaki mikrovasküler hasara sekonder geliştiği düşünülmekte olup nadir görülen bir hastalıktır. Patogenezinde anti endotelyal hücre antikorlarının rol oynadığı göz önüne alındığında tedavi büyük ölçüde immünsüpresif ilaçlar ile sağlanmaktadır. Sendromun tedavisine erken başlanması ve agresif tedavi, uzun vadeli sonuçlar üzerinde olumlu etkiye sahiptir. Susac sendromunun tromboza yatkınlık oluşturduğuna dair net bir kanıt bulunmamakla birlikte, olgumuzda göğüs ağrısı şikayeti ile başvuran, bilinen Susac sendromu tanısı olan ve akut koroner sendrom ön tanısı ile koroner anjiyografi yapılan bir hastada revaskülarizasyon gerektirecek ciddi koroner arter hastalığının saptanması bu düşünceyi desteklemektedir. Hastada uygun revaskülarizasyon sağlandıktan sonra şikayetleri gerilemiş ve takiplerinde tekrar revaskülarizasyon gereksinimi olmamıştır. Bu olgu sunumunda Susac sendromlu hastada revaskülarizasyon sürecinde yaşanan zorluklar, alınan kararlar ve diğer alternatif yaklaşımlar gözden geçirilecektir. Olgumuz Susac sendromu ile akut koroner sendromun birlikteliği açısından literatürde ilk olma özelliği taşımaktadır. Susac sendromunu ve kardiyak etkilerini aydınlatmak için daha fazla vaka raporuna ihtiyaç vardır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Akut Koroner Sendrom,Susac Sendromu,Koroner Arter Hastalığı
Análisis de la diversidad genética en poblaciones fragmentadas y continuas de <i>Aspidosperma quebracho-blanco</i> (Apocynaceae) del Chaco Semiárido
Authors: Almirón Noelia  E. A. , Solís Neffa Viviana 
Published: December 2024

Background and aims: The loss and fragmentation of the Chaco Forest due to deforestation could affect the genetic diversity of species. Previous analyses of Aspidosperma quebracho-blanco, an emblematic forest species of the region, suggested that populations in the northern Semi-arid Chaco of Argentina are of interest for in situ conservation and restoration. Thus, we analyzed the genetic diversity and structure of fragmented and continuous populations of Aspidosperma quebracho-blanco from this region to assess the risk of genetic erosion and the role of fragmented habitats in the conservation of this species.
M&M: Using 4 AFLP marker combinations, the genetic variability and structure of 49 individuals from 2 continuous and 3 fragmented populations of A. quebracho-blanco were analyzed. This analysis was conducted in the context of territorial forest planning, considering the distribution of protected areas, ecological corridors, land use, and the area of the forest fragments.
Results: The differences in the estimated genetic variability indices between the continuous and fragmented populations studied were not significant (pHe=0.62, pSh=0.53, p%P=0.68). The genetic structure is moderate and correlates with the distance between populations. The most vulnerable populations are located in areas where land use is allowed.
Conclusions: Forest fragments are important for the conservation of A. quebracho-blanco. However, in the short term, ecological, and demographic factors may have a greater impact on the viability of its populations than genetic erosion caused by fragmentation.
Soil organic carbon and its influencing factors in Nepalese forest ecosystems
Authors: Kaﬂe Gandhiv 
Published: December 2024

The importance of soil organic carbon (SOC) in climate regulation and sustainable ecosystem management is increasingly recognized, prompting a comprehensive review of SOC research in Nepal. The objective of this study was to consolidate findings from various empirical studies to provide a holistic understanding of SOC dynamics across Nepalese forests. By integrating data from multiple studies derived from online search and desk reviews, this study seeks to identify patterns and factors influencing SOC stocks, thereby informing more effective land management and conservation strategies. The analysis was prepared based on the articles published in the last 100 years (1925-2024). The collected data were synthesized to identify patterns and key factors influencing SOC stocks in Nepalese forests. A narrative synthesis approach was used to integrate findings across studies, providing a comprehensive understanding of SOC dynamics and sequestration potential in the region. This study highlights the critical role of forest ecosystems in carbon sequestration and the influence of factors such as altitude, slope, canopy cover, and forest type on SOC stocks. The findings indicate that altitude, forest type, and management practices are key factors influencing SOC stocks, with greater carbon accumulation noted in pristine and well-maintained forests. This study highlights the significant role of SOC in climate regulation and sustainable ecosystem management. Advanced techniques like remote sensing and machine learning enhance SOC assessment accuracy, yet challenges such as deforestation and soil erosion persist. Sustainable practices, including conservation agriculture and agroforestry, are essential for SOC sequestration. Interdisciplinary collaboration, policy engagement, and community involvement are crucial for promoting these practices and addressing the challenges of SOC management, contributing to global climate change mitigation efforts.
Evaluating the Necessity to Perform Histopathologic Examination in Routine Tonsillectomy Specimens
Authors: Nepali Rajendra , Dubey Tulika , KC Neeraj , Poudel Suman , Gurung Banita 
Published: December 2024

Background Tonsillar diseases are common in adults and pediatric populations, and tonsillectomy is the most frequently performed surgery by Otolaryngology, Head and Neck surgeons. There is controversy over whether regular tonsillectomy specimens require histopathological examination. Healthcare resources conduct microscopic and histopathologic investigations so that malignancy is not missed and to prevent medicolegal proceedings. The purpose of this study is to ascertain whether a histological investigation of the removed tonsils is required or not. MethodsA four-year retrospective chart review of adult and child patients who underwent tonsillectomies at the Department of Otolaryngology, Head, and Neck Surgery at Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital and Research center, Pokhara, Nepal, from January 2018 to December 2021 was included. The study sample included 173 patients whose postoperative tonsil specimens were routinely sent for histopathological evaluation to diagnose unexpected malignancy. Non-routine indications for tonsillectomy surgery were not included in our analysis. The data obtained included biodata and histopathological diagnoses.ResultsAmong the 173 patients who met our inclusion criteria, 16(9.2%) were children and 157(90.8%) were adults. There were 63(36.4%) males and 110(63.6%) females. The histopathological diagnosis was chronic tonsillitis with hyperplasia (39.3%), chronic tonsillitis (26%), follicular tonsillitis (18.5%), and chronic suppurative tonsillitis (16.2%). Conclusions In the absence of risk factors, malignancy in excised tonsils is very rare; therefore, routine histopathological assessment is not necessary. This will help to escape the financial burden for patients and the waste of pathologists’ time.
Diagnostic delay among the patients attending DOTS centers in Pokhara: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Karmacharya Ranjita , Pathak Rita , KC Vikash 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Delay in diagnosis not only increases the chances of transmission of tuberculosis in the community but also increases medical costs and mortality. This study aimed to identify the diagnostic delay among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Pokhara.
Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June 10 to September 16, 2019. A total of 146 respondents with new smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients above 15 years or older were selected consecutively. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire through face-to-face interviews. A cut-off point of 28 days was considered acceptable for the diagnostic delay. Pearson chi-square test was used to test the association between outcome variables with different categorical independent variables.
Results: Among the 146 tuberculosis patients, 79.5% had diagnostic delays. The mean diagnostic delay was 52.48 (SD=31.79) whereas the median diagnostic delay was 47 days, the minimum delay was five days, and the maximum delay was 180 days. The median age of the respondents was 30 years; 87 were male and 59 were female. Age above 40 years (p=002), marital status (p=0.004), education (p=0.030), occupation (p=0.002), economic status (p=0.006), contact with tuberculosis patients (p=0.040) and smoking habit (p=0.008) were associated with longer total delayed diagnosis.
Conclusions: This study concluded that nearly one-third of tuberculosis patients experienced a diagnostic delay. Patients' demographic factors, family economic conditions, and distance were identified as the key factors for delayed tuberculosis diagnosis. Therefore, public awareness regarding the symptoms of tuberculosis and the importance of seeking early care is essential. Additionally, improving accessibility to healthcare could mitigate these delays and enhance tuberculosis management outcomes.
Death Where is Your Sting?: Evidence from the Makeham’s Curve of Death Callisthenics
Authors: Ogungbenle Gbenga Michael , Sogunro Ashim Babatunde , Ogungbenle Oluwafemi Emmanuel 
Published: December 2024

The curve of death rate represents an effective device in evaluating the modal age at death for the insured population evolving out of the instantaneous measure of the functional relationship in a particular instant. Results in mortality analysis for a life-aged are commonly examined but the generation of individual curves of death and gender comparisons of their corresponding auxiliary parameters under Makeham’s parsimonious parametric law are rarely investigated. In this paper, the algebraic method is adopted to measure the curve of death in both males and females using the 2020 survival data of the US actuarial surveillance area for both sexes. This paper attempts to arouse computational derivations using R software for further applications in life insurance valuations within the framework of our technique. The specific objectives were to estimate the sub-parameters of the Makeham’s law, to compute the individual survival function based on the sub-parameters as against interval estimate and to compute the individual curve of death. From the trajectories of the computed curve of death results, the modal age at death for male is roughly 87 years while that of female is 89.5 years. This difference accounts for the risk of exposure in male than in female. Although the female’s ageing rate C and the sub-parameters for female are higher than those of male, computational evidence from the results confirms that the male’s overall curve of death is correspondingly still higher than female’s curve of death.