bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of cirrhosis on the postoperative outcomes of patients undergoing splenectomy: Propensity score matched analysis of the 2011–2017 US hospital database
Authors: Lee David U. , Fan Gregory H. , Hastie David J. , Addonizio Elyse A. , Karagozian Raffi 
Published: September 2021

Background & objective: While splenectomy is performed for various trauma and non-trauma indications, there is little information about the impact of cirrhosis on the post-splenectomy outcomes, despite the intricate physiological and vascular connection between the liver and the spleen. Methods: 2011–2017 National Inpatient Sample was used to select patient cases who underwent the splenectomy procedure, who were further stratified using cirrhosis. The cirrhosis-absent controls were matched to the study cohort using propensity score matching with nearest neighbor matching method. Endpoints included mortality, length of stay, hospitalization costs, and postoperative complications. Results: There were 675 patients with cirrhosis and 675 matched controls identified from the database. Cirrhosis cohort had higher mortality (20.0 vs 7.26%, p < 0.001, OR = 3.19, 95% CI = 2.26–4.52) and hospitalization costs ($210,716 vs $186,673, p = 0.003), but shorter length of stay (11.8 vs 12.5d, p = 0.04). In terms of complications, cirrhosis cohorts had higher postoperative bleeding (7.26 vs 4.3%, p = 0.027, OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.09–2.80) and shock (3.7 vs 1.04%, p = 0.002, OR = 3.67, 95% CI = 1.58–8.54), and were more likely to be discharged to short-term hospitals and home with home health care. On multivariate analysis, presence of cirrhosis resulted in higher mortality (p < 0.001, aOR = 3.30, 95% CI = 2.33–4.69). Conclusions: Cirrhosis is an independent risk factor of postoperative mortality in patients undergoing splenectomy; given this finding, further precautious and multidisciplinary care should be rendered in these at-risk patients with cirrhosis in the setting of splenectomy.
A narrative review of the late effects of paediatric cancer treatment within an educational setting: Existing evidence and where do we go from here?
Authors: Iyamu Jessica , Hodgson Jessica C , Sharpe Rachael 
Published: September 2021

Objectives The late effects of paediatric cancer treatment within an educational context are an area that is relatively under researched within the United Kingdom. Methods To support this narrative review, systematic searches were conducted in key scientific databases between May and December 2020. Results Upon reviewing literature within this field, there are key considerations that should be addressed to provide clear and concise findings. These key considerations include clarification on whether the research undertaken focuses on the late or long term effects of paediatric cancer treatment, taking a consistent approach to data analysis with the aim to improve the validity of the study findings, utilising a mixed methodology to gain further depth to the findings as well as increasing the number of studies that focus on a specific tumour type rather than numerous types to allow a detailed study to be undertaken into the potential late effects a treatment for a specific tumour may elicit. Discussion If these key considerations are taken into account when conducting further research within this field, it would enable consistent findings to be utilised in providing the optimum educational provision for survivors of paediatric cancer who remain within the education system.
Predicting post-stroke cognitive impairment using acute CT neuroimaging: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ball Emily L , Sutherland Rachel , Squires Charlotte , Mead Gillian E , Religa Dorota , Lundström Erik , Cheyne Joshua , Wardlaw Joanna M , Quinn Terence J , Shenkin Susan D 
Published: September 2021

Background Identifying whether acute stroke patients are at risk of cognitive decline could improve prognostic discussions and management. Structural computed tomography neuroimaging is routine in acute stroke, and may identify those at risk of post-stroke dementia or post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). Aim To systematically review the literature to identify which stroke or pre-stroke features on brain computed tomography scans, performed at the time of stroke, are associated with post-stroke dementia or PSCI. Summary of review We searched electronic databases to December 2020. We included studies reporting acute stroke brain computed tomography, and later diagnosis of a cognitive syndrome. We created summary estimates of size of unadjusted association between computed tomography features and cognition. Of 9536 citations, 28 studies (41 papers) were eligible (N = 7078, mean age 59.8–78.6 years). Cognitive outcomes were post-stroke dementia (10 studies), PSCI (17 studies), and one study analyzed both. Fifteen studies (N = 2952) reported data suitable for meta-analyses. White matter lesions (WML) (six studies, N = 1054, OR = 2.46, 95% CI = 1.25–4.84), cerebral atrophy (four studies, N = 558, OR = 2.80, 95% CI = 1.21–6.51), and pre-existing stroke lesions (three studies, N = 352, OR = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.06–5.32) were associated with post-stroke dementia. WML (four studies, N = 473, OR = 3.46, 95% CI = 2.17–5.52) were associated with PSCI. Other computed tomography features were either not associated with cognitive outcome, or there were insufficient data. Conclusions Cognitive impairment following stroke is of great concern to patients and carers. Features seen on visual assessment of acute stroke computed tomography brain scans are strongly associated with cognitive outcomes. Clinicians should consider when and how this information should be discussed with stroke survivors.
Prognostic factors in cancer patients infected with SARS-CoV-2: a Latin American country results
Authors: Ruiz-Garcia Erika , Peña-Nieves Adriana , Alegria-Baños Jorge , Cornejo-Juarez Patricia , Meneses-García Abelardo , Rivera Samuel Rivera , Sánchez Juan José , Gerson-Cwilich Raquel , Gerson Daniela Shveid , Franco Heriberto Medina , Buerba Gabriela Alejandra , Espinoza Alicia Acosta , Mijares Norma Valencia , Fernández-Figueroa Edith A. , Vázquez Roberto A. , Vilar-Compte Diana 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the demographic characteristics, clinical and pathological factors, and the outcome of cancer and COVID-19 patients in Mexico. Patients and methods: A prospective, multicentric study was performed through a digital platform to have a national registry of patients with cancer and positive SARS-CoV-2 test results through reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). We performed the analysis through a multivariate logistic regression model and Cox proportional hazard model. Results: From May to December 2020, 599 patients were registered with an average age of 56 years with 59.3% female; 27.2% had hypertension. The most frequent diagnoses were breast cancer (30.4%), lymphoma (14.7%), and colorectal cancer (14.0%); 72.1% of patients had active cancer and 23.5% of patients (141/599) were deceased, the majority of which were men (51.7%). This study found that the prognostic factors that reduced the odds of death were gender (OR = 0.42, p = 0.031) and oxygen saturation (OR = 0.90, p = 0.0001); meanwhile, poor ECOG (OR = 5.4, p = 0.0001), active disease (OR = 3.9, p = 0.041), dyspnea (OR = 2.5, p = 0.027), and nausea (OR = 4.0, p = 0.028) increased the odds of death. In the meantime, the factors that reduce survival time were age (HR = 1.36, p = 0.035), COPD (HR = 8.30, p = 0.004), having palliative treatment (HR = 10.70, p = 0.002), and active cancer without treatment (HR = 8.68, p = 0.008). Conclusion: Mortality in cancer patients with COVID-19 is determined by prognostic factors whose identification is necessary. In our cancer population, we have observed that being female, younger, non-COPD, with non-active cancer, good performance status, and high oxygen levels reduce the probability of death.
Return to Play and Player Performance After Achilles Tendon Rupture in UEFA Professional Soccer Players: A Matched-Cohort Analysis of Players From 1999 to 2018
Authors: Forlenza Enrico M. , Lavoie-Gagne Ophelie Z. , Lu Yining , Diaz Connor C. , Chahla Jorge , Forsythe Brian 
Published: September 2021

Background: Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) is a potentially career-ending injury in professional athletes. Limited information exists regarding return to play (RTP) in professional soccer players after this injury. Purpose: To determine the RTP rate and time in professional soccer players after ATR and to evaluate player performance relative to matched controls. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: We evaluated 132 professional soccer players who suffered an ATR between 1999 and 2018. These athletes were matched 2:1 to uninjured controls by position, age, season of injury, seasons played, and height. We collected information on the date of injury, the date of RTP, and player performance metrics (minutes played, games played, goals scored, assists made, and points per game) from official team websites, public injury reports, and press releases. Changes in performance metrics for the 4 years after the season of injury were compared with metrics 1 season before injury. Univariate comparisons were performed using independent-sample, 2-group t tests and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests when normality of distributions was violated. Results: The mean age at ATR was 27.49 ± 4.06 years, and the mean time to RTP was 5.07 ± 2.61 months (18.19 ± 10.96 games). The RTP rate was 71% for the season after injury and 78% for return at any timepoint. Overall, 9% of the injured players experienced a rerupture during the study period. Compared with controls, the injured players played significantly less (-6.77 vs -1.81 games [ P < .001] and -560.17 vs -171.17 minutes [ P < .05]) and recorded fewer goals (-1.06 vs -0.29 [ P < .05]) and assists (-0.76 vs -0.02 [ P < .05]) during the season of their Achilles rupture. With the exception of midfielders, there were no significant differences in play time or performance metrics between injured and uninjured players at any postinjury timepoint. Conclusion: Soccer players who suffered an ATR had a 78% RTP rate, with a mean RTP time of 5 months. Injured players played less and demonstrated inferior performance during the season of injury. With the exception of midfielders, players displayed no significant differences in play time or performance during any of the 4 postinjury seasons.
Is the Future Bright or Bleak? Assessing Past and Future Outlooks Across the Adult Lifespan
Authors: Silaj Katie M. , Schwartz Shawn T. , Castel Alan D. , McDonough Ian M. 
Published: September 2021

An individual’s outlook on society can change over time and can be related to both their physical and mental health. Here, we developed an instrument to measure outlooks on the past and future in relation to the present in 413 adults ranging in age from 18 to 80 years. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted on independent samples and test–retest reliability was assessed in a subset of participants. Construct validity of the two past and future scales was assessed by relating them to 1) pre-existing scales measuring related constructs, and 2) beliefs and safety behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. The final Bright or Bleak Scale (BOBS) consists of a past and future scale, each with two factors measuring societal and personal outlooks. Brighter future societal and personal outlooks were positively associated with longer future time perspectives, while self-reporting a higher likelihood of already having contracted COVID-19 was related to bleaker past societal and personal outlooks.
Missions and the New Hope
Authors: Haroutunian Joseph 
Published: September 2021

The response to the publication, or the republication, of some of the study documents preparatory to the Willingen meeting of the international Missionary Council has been most gratifying. Requests keep coming to the Missionary Research Library for those documents. Hence, we publish another highly significant paper from among the inquiries into “The Missionary Obligation of the Church”, a paper advocating powerfully a corrective to contemporary mission thinking. The paper was presented in September 1950. It is published with the permission of the Division of World Mission and Evangelism, World Council of Churches. Dr. Haroutunian currently is Professor of Systematic Theology at The Divinity School of The University of Chicago.
This High Calling
Authors: Smith Eugene L. 
Published: September 2021

An utterly unprecedented and crucially important aspect of the Christian world mission is being propelled upon us as one of the unforeseen by-products of the new era in inter-Christian relations precipitated by the late Pope John XXIII and the Second Vatican Council. This new aspect is the whole question of implications in Protestant-Catholic missionary activity. One evidence that the Catholics are taking the lead in grappling with this problem which is going to descend upon us so quickly is the invitation extended by the National Catholic Welfare Conference, Washington, D.C., to Dr. Eugene L. Smith to give a major address before the Fourteenth Annual Meeting of the /Catholic/ Mission-Sending Societies. Dr. Smith, who is General Secretary of the Division of World Missions of the Board of Missions of The Methodist Church, delivered this address on September 24, 1963. The MRL presents this paper not only as a contribution in this new Protestant-Catholic relationship in mission but also because of the highly intrinsic, often unique, value of the contents.
I. Redeemed Men Redeeming Society
Authors: Boggs Arthur G. , Hasselblad O. W. 
Published: September 2021

The theme and deliberations of the Third International Convention on Missionary Medicine represents a further expression of the wide-spread reassessment of medical missions being undertaken throughout the Protestant world. This review of the Proceedings is presented as a contribution toward general knowledge of the various aspects of this reassessment. The published Proceedings may be obtained from the Christian Medical Society, 1122 Westgate, Oak Park, Illinois, Dr. Boggs, who received his M.D. degree from Harvard University, served for some thirty-five years as a medical missionary in South India under the American Baptist Foreign Mission Society. Practically all of that service was in the capacity of Superintendent of the Baptist Hospital in Ongole, Andhra State. Dr. Hasselblad, for many years a medical missionary in Assam, India, is now President of American Leprosy Missions, Inc.
LAOS – Laymen's Overseas Service
Authors: Kochtitzky R. B. 
Published: September 2021

We present in this issue the story of the genesis of an important new expression of missionary activity. The story is highly personal in nature because LAOS is largely the consequence of the convictions and achievements of one man, Mr. R. B. Kochtitzky, who is Executive Director of LAOS. Due to space limitations, the account had to be shortened extensively. The full story reflects a tenacious persistence against both opposition and apathy. This persistence resulted not only in the establishment of the movement, but now has resulted also in recognition, acceptance, and cooperation on the part of denominational and ecumenical organizations. It is significant that among Protestants there has arisen a kind of movement in mission and service which already has been present and effective among Catholics, Mormons, and others. We are therefore glad to share in the dissemination of word about this movement. Further information may be obtained by writing directly to Laymen's Overseas Service, Inc., Post Office Box 5031, Jackson, Mississippi 392l6.
The Role of the Missionary in International Conciliation (A Contemporary Analytical Approach)
Authors: Cooley F. L. 
Published: September 2021

The analysis that follows is based solely on my own experience and observations as a missionary in two Asian nations, China and Indonesia, which have been embroiled in much conflict in recent decades. These conflicts, in both cases, have involved both my own country and the country in which I served. My sample of experience is, admittedly, a limited one as a basis for analysis. We shall be addressing ourselves to the following matters: a definition of terms (“international conciliation” and “missionary”); factors that may qualify or disqualify the missionary for a conciliating role; the nature of his role; how he plays his role; and two case studies as a basis for some conclusions.
Genetic and epigenetic insights into cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Authors: Tensen Cornelis P. , Quint Koen D. , Vermeer Maarten H. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPrimary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) constitute a heterogeneous group of non-Hodgkin T-cell lymphomas that present in the skin. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the understanding of the pathogenesis of CTCLs. Progress in CTCL classifications combined with technical advances, in particular next-generation sequencing, enabled a more detailed analysis of the genetic and epigenetic landscape and transcriptional changes in clearly defined diagnostic entities. These studies not only demonstrated extensive heterogeneity between different CTCL subtypes but also identified recurrent alterations that are highly characteristic for diagnostic subgroups of CTCLs. The identified alterations, in particular, involve epigenetic remodeling, cell cycle regulation, and the constitutive activation of targetable oncogenic pathways. In this respect, aberrant JAK-STAT signaling is a recurrent theme; however, it is not universal for all CTCLs and has seemingly different underlaying causes in different entities. A number of the mutated genes identified are potentially actionable targets for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Moreover, these studies have produced an enormous amount of information that will be critically important for the further development of improved diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers that can assist in the clinical management of patients with CTCL. In the present review, the main findings of these studies in relation to their functional impact on the malignant transformation process are discussed for different subtypes of CTCLs.
The megakaryocytic transcription factor ARID3A suppresses leukemia pathogenesis
Authors: Alejo-Valle Oriol , Weigert Karoline , Bhayadia Raj , Ng Michelle , Issa Hasan , Beyer Christoph , Emmrich Stephan , Schuschel Konstantin , Ihling Christian , Sinz Andrea , Zimmermann Martin , Wickenhauser Claudia , Flasinski Marius , Regenyi Eniko , Labuhn Maurice , Reinhardt Dirk , Yaspo Marie-Laure , Heckl Dirk , Klusmann Jan-Henning 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGiven the plasticity of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, multiple routes of differentiation must be blocked in the the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia, the molecular basis of which is incompletely understood. We report that posttranscriptional repression of the transcription factor ARID3A by miR-125b is a key event in the pathogenesis of acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL). AMKL is frequently associated with trisomy 21 and GATA1 mutations (GATA1s), and children with Down syndrome are at a high risk of developing the disease. The results of our study showed that chromosome 21–encoded miR-125b synergizes with Gata1s to drive leukemogenesis in this context. Leveraging forward and reverse genetics, we uncovered Arid3a as the main miR-125b target behind this synergy. We demonstrated that, during normal hematopoiesis, this transcription factor promotes megakaryocytic differentiation in concert with GATA1 and mediates TGFβ-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in complex with SMAD2/3. Although Gata1s mutations perturb erythroid differentiation and induce hyperproliferation of megakaryocytic progenitors, intact ARID3A expression assures their megakaryocytic differentiation and growth restriction. Upon knockdown, these tumor suppressive functions are revoked, causing a blockade of dual megakaryocytic/erythroid differentiation and subsequently of AMKL. Inversely, restoring ARID3A expression relieves the arrest of megakaryocytic differentiation in AMKL patient-derived xenografts. This work illustrates how mutations in lineage-determining transcription factors and perturbation of posttranscriptional gene regulation can interact to block multiple routes of hematopoietic differentiation and cause leukemia. In AMKL, surmounting this differentiation blockade through restoration of the tumor suppressor ARID3A represents a promising strategy for treating this lethal pediatric disease.
Impact of a grant program to spur advances in sickle cell disease research
Authors: Escobar Alvarez Sindy N. , Myers Elizabeth R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMore than 20 years ago, clinical trials and federal grant support for sickle cell disease (SCD) research were not on par with support for other genetic diseases. Faced with the opportunity to spur research and advance treatments for SCD, and at the recommendation of advisors, the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation (DDCF) offered an SCD research funding opportunity starting in 2009 through its Innovations in Clinical Research Awards (ICRA) program. Twenty-eight new grants of $450 000 for direct costs over 3 years and 7 renewals were awarded, for a total investment of $17 million. Only about half the research teams garnered follow-on funding directly related to their ICRA projects, but the financial return on the research investment was substantial (∼4 times the original $17 million or 300%). All but 1 of the ICRA investigative teams published original research reports that acknowledged DDCF as a source of funding; the median number of publications per team was 3. Major innovations in the diagnosis and treatment of SCD included but were not limited to a demonstration that genetic modification of BCL11A enhancer is a potentially important treatment modality, establishment that plerixafor mobilization is safe and effective for those with SCD, development and validation of a new diagnostic called SCD BioChip, and evidence that hydroxyurea treatment is safe and efficacious in African children. These outcomes show that relatively small research grants can have a substantial return on investment and result in significant advances for a disease such as SCD.
Predicting metabolic pathway membership with deep neural networks by integrating sequential and ontology information
Authors: Cartealy Imam , Liao Li 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Inference of protein’s membership in metabolic pathways has become an important task in functional annotation of protein. The membership information can provide valuable context to the basic functional annotation and also aid reconstruction of incomplete pathways. Previous works have shown success of inference by using various similarity measures of gene ontology.

Results
In this work, we set out to explore integrating ontology and sequential information to further improve the accuracy. Specifically, we developed a neural network model with an architecture tailored to facilitate the integration of features from different sources. Furthermore, we built models that are able to perform predictions from pathway-centric or protein-centric perspectives. We tested the classifiers using 5-fold cross validation for all metabolic pathways reported in KEGG database.

Conclusions
The testing results demonstrate that by integrating ontology and sequential information with a tailored architecture our deep neural network method outperforms the existing methods significantly in the pathway-centric mode, and in the protein-centric mode, our method either outperforms or performs comparably with a suite of existing GO term based semantic similarity methods.