bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Developed (Ag)-La$$_2$$O$$_3$$-Ce$$_4$$O$$_7$$-ZnO Photocatalytic Active Composites for Textile Dyes Degradation
Authors: Zaharieva Katerina , Shipochka Maria , Dimova Silvia , Stambolova Irina , Vassilev Sasho 
Published: December 2024

New La2O3-Ce4O7-ZnO photocatalytic active composites were synthesized using Pluronic-assisted co-precipitation route, followed by calcination at 450° C. The silver doping of the prepared La2O3-Ce4O7-ZnO material was performed by impregnation with aqueous solution of AgNO3. The average crystallites size 3 nm and 39 nm for Ce4O7 and ZnO phases were estimated by PXRD analysis. The XPS study determined that the La3d5/2 peak is positioned at 834.1 eV and corresponds to La2O3. The binding energy of the Ag3d5/2 peak of the Ag-La2O3-Ce4O7-ZnO powder is at 367.2 eV and the amount of the silver on the surface is 0.8 at%. The obtained values of the modified Auger zinc and silver parameter are 2010.5 eV and 724.4 eV and correspond to Zn2+ and Ag2+ oxidation states, respectively. The silver doping enhances the photocatalytic efficiency of La2O3-Ce4O7-ZnO sample for degradation of Reactive Black 5 dye (78%) at 150 min UV irradiation compared to that of the undoped sample (52%). The undoped sample demonstrates the higher photocatalytic ability for degradation of Malachite Green dye (degree of degradation at 150 min – 80%) in comparison with Reactive Black 5 dye (52%).
Feasibility of function‐guided lung treatment planning with parametric response mapping
Authors: Matrosic Charles K. , Owen D. Rocky , Polan Daniel , Sun Yilun , Jolly Shruti , Schonewolf Caitlin , Schipper Matthew , Haken Randall K. Ten , Galban Craig J. , Matuszak Martha 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPurposeRecent advancements in functional lung imaging have been developed to improve clinicians’ knowledge of patient pulmonary condition prior to treatment. Ultimately, it may be possible to employ these functional imaging modalities to tailor radiation treatment plans to optimize patient outcome and mitigate pulmonary complications. Parametric response mapping (PRM) is a computed tomography (CT)–based functional lung imaging method that utilizes a voxel‐wise image analysis technique to classify lung abnormality phenotypes, and has previously been shown to be effective at assessing lung complication risk in diagnostic applications. The purpose of this work was to demonstrate the implementation of PRM guidance in radiotherapy treatment planning.Methods and materialsA retrospective study was performed with 18 lung cancer patients to test the incorporation of PRM into a radiotherapy planning workflow. Paired inspiration/expiration pretreatment CT scans were acquired and PRM analysis was utilized to classify each voxel as normal, parenchymal disease, small airway disease, and emphysema. Density maps were generated for each PRM classification to contour high density regions of pulmonary abnormalities. Conventional volumetric‐modulated arc therapy and PRM‐guided treatment plans were designed for each patient.ResultsPRM guidance was successfully implemented into the treatment planning process. The inclusion of PRM priorities resulted in statistically significant (p < 0.05) improvements to the V20Gy within the PRM avoidance contours. On average, reductions of 5.4% in the V20Gy(%) were found. The PRM‐guided treatment plans did not significantly increase the dose to the organs at risk or result in insufficient planning target volume coverage, but did increase plan complexity.ConclusionsPRM guidance was successfully implemented into a treatment planning workflow and shown to be effective for dose redistribution within the lung. This work has provided a framework for the potential clinical implementation of PRM‐guided treatment planning.
Back to the Future: The Architecture of Entertainment
Authors: Cook Peter 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThroughout Peter Cook’s long and influential career, he has been at the epicentre of architectural education and architectural speculation. Here he remembers some of the genesis moments of entertainment architecture and its characters. Using examples from STUFISH's oeuvre he asserts that entertainment architecture is Architecture with a capital ‘A’ and at least as relevant as any of the discipline's other manifestations.
Innovative Thinking: Engineering Solutions
Authors: Thomas Neil 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNEIL THOMAS, founder of structural engineering firm Atelier One, has had an enduring and symbiotic relationship with STUFISH. He and his team have played a key part in designing the structures of some of the most audacious stage shows and rock gigs in recent years. He recounts how those stages, which have an iconic presence in the history of contemporary music, came about.
Creating Performance Environments: Technology, Design and Patience
Authors: Auerbach S. Leonard 
Published: October 2021

AbstractS. Leonard Auerbach is Founder and Design Director of San Francisco‐based Auerbach Pollock Friedlander (APF) who provide theatre and theatrical systems design and audio‐video consulting services. He charts a series of creative interactions and collaborations with STUFISH from 2003 onwards that are highly architectural and theatrical, and international in their scope.
Halide Perovskite Solar Cells for Building Integrated Photovoltaics: Transforming Building Façades into Power Generators
Authors: Koh Teck Ming , Wang Hao , Ng Yan Fong , Bruno Annalisa , Mhaisalkar Subodh , Mathews Nripan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe rapid emergence of organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites for low‐cost and high‐efficiency photovoltaics promises to impact new photovoltaic concepts. Their high power conversion efficiencies, ability to coat perovskite layers on glass via various scalable deposition techniques, excellent optoelectronic properties, and synthetic versatility for modulating transparency and color allow perovskite solar cells (PSCs) to be an ideal solution for building‐integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs), which transforms windows or façades into electric power generators. In this review, the unique features and properties of PSCs for BIPV application are accessed. Device engineering and optical management strategies of active layers, interlayers, and electrodes for semitransparent, bifacial, and colorful PSCs are also discussed. The performance of PSCs under conditions that are relevant for BIPV such as different operational temperature, light intensity, and light incident angle are also reviewed. Recent outdoor stability testing of PSCs in different countries and other demonstration of scalability and deployment of PSCs are also spotlighted. Finally, the current challenges and future opportunities for realizing perovskite‐based BIPV are discussed.
Organic matter estimation of surface soil using successive projection algorithm
Authors: Liu Jinbao , Xie Jiancang , Meng Tingting , Dong Hao 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSoil organic matter (SOM) affects circulation and stability of the soil C pool, and plays a key role in global C change and local ecological balance. Timely and accurate acquisition of large‐scale farmland soil organic carbon (SOC) information is of great significance to the study of SOC reserves and distribution, farmland soil ecological security, and scientific crop management. In this study, we have evaluated the potentiality of visible‐near‐infrared spectroscopy to along with machine learning algorithms to predict SOM content. At present, soil characterization is mainly focused on hyperspectral data measured by remote‐sensing spectral index and spectrometer. This article aims to establish a statistical machine‐learning model to study the efficiency of spectral data to comprehensively evaluate SOM. The results show that after transforming the different forms of the original spectrum and combining with successive projection algorithm (SPA), the characteristic wavelength of organic matter at 350–2,500 nm can be effectively extracted. A combination of spectroscopy and chemometrics techniques can be used as a practical, rapid, low‐cost, and quantitative method to evaluate SOM. Based on SPA, partial least squares regression, support vector machine, random forest, a SOM prediction model with optimal characteristic wavelength is constructed. The best spectral processing method is continual removal combined with SPA, the validation coefficient of determination, root mean square error prediction, and ratio of performance deviation values are 0.82, 1.12, and 2.87, respectively.
Sugarcane yield response to potassium fertilization as related to extractable soil potassium on Florida mineral soils
Authors: McCray J. Mabry , Ji Shangning , Alvarado Joaquin Saavedra 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPotassium (K) is required in large amounts for sugarcane (Saccharum spp.), but K is rapidly leached in Florida mineral soils, which account for 29% of sugarcane production in the state. This study was conducted to (a) determine sucrose yield response to K fertilizer rates from 0 to 279 kg K ha–1, and (b) relate sucrose yield to soil‐extractable K on Florida mineral soils using 0.5 M acetic acid, 0.7 M ammonium acetate, and Mehlich 3. Field small‐plot (83 or 121 m2) trials were conducted at six locations including three Spodosols, two Alfisols, and one Entisol. All experiments were randomized complete block designs with seven K fertilizer rates and six replications. Potassium was applied as granular muriate of potash with four split applications for plant cane and three splits for ratoon crops. Significant sucrose yield responses were determined at five of six locations and all sites had insufficient K without K fertilizer application. Relative sucrose yield reached a plateau at leaf concentration of 8.2 g K kg–1. Linear and quadratic models were used to determine that K fertilizer requirement ranged from 139 to 232 kg K ha–1. Relationships among soil K with the three extractants were strong and indicated that any of these could be used to determine available soil K. Relationships of extractable soil K with relative sucrose yield and leaf K concentration were developed that can be used to develop a calibrated soil test for Florida mineral soils.
Simulation studies on a rotating ring disk electrode: Effects of ionic migration with kinetic complication‐disk results
Authors: Guha Sirshendu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn continuation to my previous work (Guha S. AIChE J. 2013;59(4):1390‐1399), in this work, effects of ionic migration are evaluated for disk region of a rotating ring disk electrode system by numerically solving complex differential equations, developed for mass transfer along with kinetic complication in presence of ionic migration under limiting current condition. The system for simulation is 0.01 M Fe2(SO4)3 solution with H2SO4 as supporting electrolyte. Simulation cases are presence and absence of ionic migration with kinetic complication (oxidation of Fe2+ to Fe3+ under O2 pressure). Results show that concentration boundary layer thickness of reactant Fe3+ reduces appreciably and steady‐state disk current reduces substantially in presence of migration. Simulated steady‐state disk current in absence of migration case agrees well with published data. Results indicate higher Fe2+ concentration in presence of migration and thereby higher rate of oxidation of Fe2+ to Fe3+ at all rate constant values.
Experiment and computational fluid dynamics investigation of biochar elutriation in fluidized bed
Authors: Lu Liqiang , Li Cheng , Rowan Steven , Hughes Bryan , Gao Xi , Shahnam Mehrdad , Rogers William A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn fluidized bed biomass fast pyrolysis, the biomass is converted to biochar and elutriated. The elutriation rate is a key parameter in reactor designs and operations. This research presents a video‐based continuous measurement of biochar elutriation rate in a fluidized bed with sands and biomass as bed materials. The fluidized bed is simulated with the computational fluid dynamics—coarse‐grained discrete element method (CFD‐CGDEM) in MFiX. The fluidization behavior of nonspherical sands can be more accurately captured when a rolling friction model is used. The predicted elutriation rate is close to the experimental measurement when the particle size distributions are considered and the filtered drag with a shape correction is used. These results validated the accuracy of the MFiX‐based CFD framework for the prediction of biochar elutriations in the fluidized bed biomass fast pyrolysis reactor.
Mechanism studies on the cellular internalization of nanoparticles using computer simulations: A review
Authors: Feng Yun Hao , Chen Bo Zhi , Fei Wen Min , Cui Yong , Zhang Can Yang , Guo Xin Dong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNanomaterial drug delivery systems have become one of the most important targeted therapy technologies. Although great efforts have been made to study the self‐assembled mesoscopic structure of nanoparticles and understand drug loading and release mechanisms, the interaction between nanoparticles and cell membranes has not yet been clearly studied. Moreover, the research of experimental methods in this field has been greatly restricted due to its special time–space scale, so it is necessary to apply computer simulations to visualize the cell internalization of the nanoparticle. This review covers modeling methods and the current status and viewpoints of research on the influencing factors of the nanoparticle–biomembrane interaction mechanism. In particular, we discussed in detail the positive and negative effects of various nanoparticle properties. This article may assist researchers in rationally optimize the nanoparticle structure to improve therapeutic efficiency.
A recurrent rare intronic variant in CAPN3 alters mRNA splicing and causes autosomal recessive limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy‐1 in three Pakistani pedigrees
Authors: Khan Kamal , Mehmood Sarmad , Liu Chunyu , Siddiqui Maimoona , Ahmad Arsalan , Faiz Belqees Yawar , Chioza Barry A. , Baple Emma A. , Ullah Muhammad I. , Akram Zaineb , Satti Humayoon S. , Khan Raees , Harlalka Gaurav V. , Jameel Muhammad , Akram Talia , Baig Shahid M. , Crosby Andrew H. , Hassan Muhammad J. , Zhang Feng , Davis Erica E. , Khan Tahir N. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAutosomal recessive limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy‐1 (LGMDR1) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by progressive weakness of the proximal limb and girdle muscles. Biallelic mutations in CAPN3 are reported frequently to cause LGMDR1. Here, we describe 11 individuals from three unrelated consanguineous families that present with typical features of LGMDR1 that include proximal muscle wasting, weakness of the upper and lower limbs, and elevated serum creatine kinase. Whole‐exome sequencing identified a rare homozygous CAPN3 variant near the exon 2 splice donor site that segregates with disease in all three families. mRNA splicing studies showed partial retention of intronic sequence and subsequent introduction of a premature stop codon (NM_000070.3: c.379 + 3A>G; p.Asp128Glyfs*15). Furthermore, we observe reduced CAPN3 expression in primary dermal fibroblasts derived from an affected individual, suggesting instability and/or nonsense‐mediated decay of mutation‐bearing mRNA. Genome‐wide homozygosity mapping and single‐nucleotide polymorphism analysis identified a shared haplotype and supports a possible founder effect for the CAPN3 variant. Together, our data extend the mutational spectrum of LGMDR1 and have implications for improved diagnostics for individuals of Pakistani origin.
Athermal, Chemically Triggered Release of RNA from Thioester Nucleic Acids
Authors: Mavila Sudheendran , Culver Heidi R. , Anderson Alex J. , Prieto Tania R. , Bowman Christopher N. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAn athermal approach to mRNA enrichment from total RNA using a self‐immolative thioester linked nucleic acids (TENA) is described. Oligo(thymine) (oT) TENA has a six‐atom spacing between bases which allowed TENA to selectively base‐pair with polyadenine RNA. As a result of the neutral backbone of TENA and the hydrophobicity of the octanethiol end group, oT TENA is water insoluble and efficiently pulled down 93±2 % of EGFP mRNA at a concentration of 10 ng μL−1. Self‐immolative degradation of TENA upon ambient temperature exposure to nucleophilic buffer components (Tris, DTT) allowed recovery of 55±27 ng of mRNA from 3.1 μg of total RNA, which was not statistically different from the amount recovered using Dynabeads® mRNA DIRECT Kit (89±24 ng). Gene expression as measured by RT‐qPCR was comparable for both enrichment methods, suggesting that the mild conditions required for enrichment of mRNA using oT TENA are compatible with RT‐qPCR and other downstream molecular biology applications.
Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Annulations Involving the Activation of C(sp3)−H Bonds
Authors: Font Marc , Gulías Moisés , Mascareñas José Luis 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe selective functionalization of C(sp3)−H bonds using transition‐metal catalysis is among the more attractive transformations of modern synthetic chemistry. In addition to its inherent atom economy, such reactions open unconventional retrosynthetic pathways that can streamline synthetic processes. However, the activation of intrinsically inert C(sp3)−H bonds, and the selection among very similar C−H bonds, represent highly challenging goals. In recent years there has been notable progress tackling these issues, especially with regard to the development of intermolecular reactions entailing the formation of C−C and C−heteroatom bonds. Conversely, the assembly of cyclic products from simple acyclic precursors using metal‐catalyzed C(sp3)−H bond activations has been less explored. Only recently has the number of reports on such annulations started to grow. Herein we give an overview of some of the more relevant advances in this exciting topic.
Near‐Equilibrium Growth of Chemically Stable Covalent Organic Framework/Graphene Oxide Hybrid Materials for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Bai Yichao , Liu Youxing , Liu Minghui , Wang Xinyu , Shang Shengcong , Gao Wenqiang , Du Changsheng , Qiao Yan , Chen Jianyi , Dong Jichen , Liu Yunqi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFacile synthesis and post‐processing of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) under mild synthetic conditions are highly sought after and important for widespread utilizations in catalysis and energy storage. Here we report the synthesis of the chemically stable aza‐fused COFs BPT‐COF and PT‐COF by a liquid‐phase method. The process involves the spontaneous polycondensation of vicinal diamines and vicinal diketones, and is driven by the near‐equilibrium growth of COF domains at a very low monomer concentration. The method permits in situ assembly of COFs and COF‐GO hybrid materials and leads to the formation of a uniform conducting film on arbitrary substrates on vacuum filtration. When used as electrocatalysts, the as‐prepared membranes show a fast hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) with a low overpotential (45 mV at 10 mA cm−2) and a small Tafel slope (53 mV dec−1), which are the best among metal‐free catalysts. Our results may open a new route towards the preparation of highly π‐conjugated COFs for multifunctional applications.
Secondary Structure Tuning of a Pseudoprotein Between β‐Meander and α‐Helical Forms in the Solid‐State
Authors: Athiyarath Vignesh , Madhusudhanan Mithun C. , Kunnikuruvan Sooraj , Sureshan Kana M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTuning the secondary structure of a protein or polymer in the solid‐state is challenging. Here we report the topochemical synthesis of a pseudoprotein and its secondary structure tuning in the solid‐state. We designed the dipeptide monomer N3‐Leu‐Ala‐NH‐CH2‐C≡CH (1) for topochemical azide‐alkyne cycloaddition (TAAC) polymerization. Dipeptide 1 adopts an anti‐parallel β‐sheet‐like stacked arrangement in its crystals. Upon heating, the dipeptide undergoes quantitative TAAC polymerization in a crystal‐to‐crystal fashion yielding large polymers. The reaction occurs between the adjacent monomers in the H‐bonded anti‐parallel stack, yielding pseudoprotein having a β‐meander structure. When dissolved in methanol, this pseudoprotein changes its secondary structure from β‐meander to α‐helical form and it retains the new secondary structure upon desolvation. This work demonstrates a novel paradigm for tuning the secondary structure of a polymer in the solid‐state.
Atomistic Insights of Irreversible Li+ Intercalation in MnO2 Electrode
Authors: He Kun , Yuan Yifei , Yao Wentao , You Kun , Dahbi Mouad , Alami Jones , Amine Khalil , Shahbazian‐Yassar Reza , Lu Jun 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTunnel‐structured MnO2 represents open‐framed electrode materials for reversible energy storage. Its wide application is limited by its poor cycling stability, whose structural origin is unclear. We tracked the structure evolution of β‐MnO2 upon Li+ ion insertion/extraction by combining advanced in situ diagnostic tools at both electrode level (synchrotron X‐ray scattering) and single‐particle level (transmission electron microscopy). The instability is found to originate from a partially reversible phase transition between β‐MnO2 and orthorhombic LiMnO2 upon lithiation, causing cycling capacity decay. Moreover, the MnO2/LiMnO2 interface exhibits multiple arrow‐headed disordered regions, which severely chop into the host and undermine its structural integrity. Our findings could account for the cycling instability of tunnel‐structured materials, based on which future strategies should focus on tuning the charge transport kinetics toward performance enhancement.
A series of nanoscaled Pt(0)‐phosphorus ylide complexes based on [60]fullerene: Synthesis, characterization, and in vitro biological assessments
Authors: Yousefi Abed , Sabounchei Seyyed Javad , Moazzami Farida Seyed Hamed , Rahmani Nosrat 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHerein, A type of Pt(0) complexes based on fullerene C60including phosphorus ylides as monodentate ligands, [(η2‐C60)Pt(Y1–4)2] (Y1 = PPh3CHC(O)C6H4‐p‐NO2,Y2 = PPh3CHC(O)C6H4‐p‐CH3,Y3 = (p‐tolyl)3P‐CHC(O)C6H4‐p‐NO2,Y4 = (p‐tolyl)3P‐CHC(O)C6H4‐p‐CH3), were synthesized via adding of related monodentate phosphorus ylide to toluene solution of C60and Pt (dba)2(dba = dibenzylideneacetone). The structures were identified using IR, NMR (1H,13C, and31P), UV–visible, ESI‐MS, and EDX spectroscopies, thermal curve TGA, and electron microscopic images (scanning electron microscopy, SEM, and transmission electron microscopy, TEM). The molecular structure of complexes clearly shows that two ylidic ligands in acisconfiguration and two hexagons of C60in the junction[6,6] coordinate to Pt(0) metal center. These complexes were treated as biological agents in antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer assessments. Three Gram‐negative (Escherichia coli,Salmonella typhimurium, andShigella dysenteriae) and three Gram‐positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis,Bacillus cereus, andStaphylococcus aureus) were used for antibacterial investigation. The activities of complexes against cancer cells were also tested using AGS (gastric carcinoma), A549 (non‐small lung carcinoma), and MCF‐7 (breast carcinoma) cell lines. All biological studies on synthesized nanocomplexes showed promising effects in comparison with standards.