bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Core‐shell Hierarchical Enzymatic Biosensor Based on Hyaluronic Acid Capped Copper Ferrite Nanoparticles for Determination of Endocrine‐disrupting Bisphenol A
Authors: Sanko Vildan , Şenocak Ahmet , Oğuz Tümay Süreyya , Çamurcu Taşkın , Demirbas Erhan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA novel enzymatic electrochemical biosensor (mCuF/PANI‐nf/HA/Lacc/GCE) was designed for detection of bisphenol A (BPA). The copper ferrite nanoparticles was obtained by co‐precipitation and its surface was modified with ‐NH2 functional organosilane. Polyaniline nanofibers were also synthesized by cyclic voltammetry and characterized by FTIR, XRD, TGA, SEM and TEM, respectively. Then, it was crosslinked with hyaluronic acid as an immobilization matrix for Laccase to adhere to surface of the modified copper ferrites. Cyclic and differential pulse voltammetries were used to evaluate the electrochemical performances of the biosensor, which has a LOD value of 5.40 nM and a LOQ value of 16.20 nM in the 0.01–7.50 μM linear working range. The biosensor was successfully applied for determination of BPA in seawater, canned water and milk samples with recoveries ranging from 96.0 % and 100.7 %. In addition, accuracy of the voltammetric determination method in the real samples was carried out by HPLC and spike/recovery test. The layer‐by‐layer surface modification strategy of the designed mCuF/PANI‐nf/HA/Lacc/GCE biosensor opens a new perspective on both BPA determination and using biopolymer in the structure of enzymatic electrochemical biosensors.
The atypical startup characteristics of a pump as turbine
Authors: Zhang Yu‐Liang , Zhao Yan‐Juan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA generalized Euler equation of pump as turbine is derived, and the transient hydraulic performance of a centrifugal pump as turbine during an atypical startup period is measured. Meanwhile, the dimensionless analysis and the additional theoretical head calculation are also conducted. It is found that the transient characteristics of pump as turbine during atypical startup period mainly come from the rotational acceleration effect, rather than the flow inertia effect. The final stable values of dimensionless flowrate coefficient and dimensionless head coefficient are both closely related to the steady rotating speed and flowrate after startup process, but the dimensionless power coefficient is not remarkably related to them. In an atypical startup, the impact phenomena occur in both flowrate curve and outlet static pressure curve. At the same steady rotating speed, the larger the steady flowrate is, the more serious the flowrate impact is. Under the same steady flowrate, the lower the steady rotating speed is, the more remarkable the static pressure impact at the outlet is.
A resource efficient scheme for backhaul‐constrained coordinated multipoint cellular networks
Authors: Gulia Sandeep , Ahmad Anwar , Singh Manish Kumar 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe coordinated multipoint (CoMP) is a promising set of techniques that deals with inter‐cell interference differently than the conventional interference mitigation schemes. This unique approach can effectively mitigate or even exploit the interference, turning it into a useful signal. The CoMP was first introduced in Release‐11 by Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) for the fourth generation (4G) long term evolution‐advanced (LTE‐A) systems, enhanced in subsequent releases and recently incorporated as one of the fifth generation (5G) component technologies. In this article, we propose two techniques aiming to improve the performance of existing CoMP schemes. First, we examine the impact of constraint backhaul on the cell coordination and propose an optimal CoMP mechanism that adaptively switches between joint transmission (JT) and coordinated beamforming (CBF) CoMP schemes taking into consideration the average sum rate and the available backhaul capacity. Next, we present a backhaul overhead reduction scheme for CoMP enabled networks, which extends the performance gains of adaptive CoMP scheme. Simulation results suggest that proposed adaptive scheme outclasses conventional CoMP schemes and offers a spectrally efficient solution with increased average user throughput and sum rate.
Fatty Liver and the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: Health Behaviors, Social Factors, and Telemedicine Satisfaction in Vulnerable Populations
Authors: Kim Rebecca G. , Medina Sheyla P. , Magee Catherine , Khalili Mandana 
Published: November 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has impacted health‐related behaviors that influence fatty liver disease (FLD) management. We evaluated the impact of the pandemic on FLD management and satisfaction with care delivery in this population. In the San Francisco safety‐net hepatology clinics, we evaluated health‐related behaviors and factors associated with self‐reported weight gain during the COVID‐19 pandemic as well as satisfaction with telemedicine in adults with FLD by using multivariable modeling. From June 1, 2020, to May 5, 2021, 111 participants were enrolled. Median age was 52 years, 30% were men, 63% were Hispanic, 21% were Asian/Pacific Islander, and 9% were White. Eating habits were unchanged or healthier for 80%, physical activity decreased in 51%, 34% reported weight gain, and 5% reported increased alcohol intake. Forty‐five percent had severe depressive symptoms, 38% in those without diagnosed depression and 60% of individuals with heavy alcohol use. On multivariable analysis, decreased physical activity (odds ratio [OR], 4.8) and heavy alcohol use (OR, 3.4) were associated with weight gain (all P < 0.05). Among those with telemedicine visits (n = 66), 62% reported being very satisfied. Hispanic ethnicity was associated with a 0.8‐unit decrease in the telemedicine satisfaction score (P = 0.048) when adjusting for sex, age, and pandemic duration. Conclusion: During the pandemic, decreased physical activity and heavy alcohol use were most influential on self‐reported weight gain in FLD. Maintenance of healthy eating and increased physical activity, alcohol cessation counseling, and mental health services are critical in preventing poor FLD‐associated outcomes during the pandemic recovery. Dissatisfaction with telemedicine should be explored further to ensure equitable care, especially among the vulnerable Hispanic population.
Analysis of heat transfer through different profiled longitudinal porous fin by differential transformation method
Authors: Sowmya G. , Gireesha Bijjanal Jayanna 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA porous fin of longitudinal geometry with different profiles like rectangular, triangular, and convex shapes is considered in the present investigation. The totally wet condition under the existence of natural convection and radiation has been examined. In addition, the generation of thermal‐dependent internal heat is studied. The analysis also concentrates on the material of the fin. Here, the fin made up of aluminum and copper metal is taken for scrutinization. The derived ordinary differential equation was solved by the differential transform method. The obtained consequences have been graphically interpreted. It is determined that the fin made up of aluminum material dissipates more heat than the copper material fin.
Thermal instability of a power‐law fluid‐saturated porous layer with an internal heat source and vertical throughflow
Authors: Reddy Gundlapally Shiva Kumar , Ragoju Ravi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe thermal instability of internally heated convection in a porous medium saturated by a power‐law (PL) fluid is studied. The governing dimensionless equations are solved using the normal mode approach, which leads to an eigenvalue problem for the linear stability theory. The neutral curves are obtained for different prescribed values of the other physical parameters. The effect of the PL index, internal heat source parameter, and Peclet number on the onset of instability was analyzed. Furthermore, an analytical solution is obtained for the regime of small wave numbers by using asymptotic analysis.
Turbidity‐discharge hysteresis in a meso‐scale catchment: The importance of intermediate scale events
Authors: Lannergård Emma E. , Fölster Jens , Futter Martyn N. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn‐situ sensors for riverine water quality monitoring are a powerful tool to describe temporal variations when efficient and informative analyses are applied to the large quantities of data collected. Concentration‐discharge hysteresis patterns observed during storm events give insights into headwater catchment processes. However, the applicability of this approach to larger catchments is less well known. Here, we evaluate the potential for high‐frequency turbidity‐discharge (Q) hysteresis patterns to give insights into processes operating in a meso‐scale (722 km2) northern mixed land use catchment. As existing event identification methods did not work, we developed a new, objective method based on hydrograph characteristics and identified 76 events for further analysis. Qualitative event analysis identified three recurring patterns. Events with low mean Q (≤ 2 m3/s) often showed short‐term, quasi‐periodic turbidity variation, to a large extent disconnected from Q variation. High max Q events (≥15 m3/s) were often associated with spring flood or snowmelt, and showed a disconnection between turbidity and Q. Intermediate Q events (mean Q: 2–11 m3/s) were the most informative when applying hysteresis indexes, since changes in turbidity and Q were actually connected. Hysteresis indexes could be calculated on a subset of 60 events, which showed heterogeneous responses: 38% had a clockwise response, 12% anticlockwise, 12% figure eight (clockwise–anticlockwise), 10% reverse figure eight (anticlockwise–clockwise) and 28% showed a complex response. Clockwise hysteresis responses were associated with the wetter winter and spring seasons. Generally, changes in Q and turbidity were small during anticlockwise hysteresis events. Precipitation often influenced figure‐eight patterns, while complex patterns often occurred during summer low flows. Analysis of intermediate Q events can improve process understanding of meso‐scale catchments and possibly aid in choosing appropriate management actions for targeting a specific observed pattern.
Inhibiting octahedral tilting for stable CsPbI2Br solar cells
Authors: Wang Aili , Wang Jianwei , Niu Xiaobin , Zuo Chuantian , Hao Feng , Ding Liming 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe intrinsic phase instability of CsPbI2Br perovskite hinders its development and application in solar cells. Herein, we adopt 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIMPF6), a hydrophobic ionic liquid (IL), to improve the phase stability of CsPbI2Br. Density functional theory calculation reveals that the formation energy of CsPbI2Br with BMIMPF6 is reduced, thereby restraining the [PbX6]4− octahedral tilting. The reduced structural distortion and relaxed lattice strain result in improved phase stability of CsPbI2Br. In addition, the interfacial dipole moment increases after introducing BMIMPF6, which facilitates the charge transfer. Consequently, the CsPbI2Br solar cells with BMIMPF6 deliver a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 16.2% along with excellent stability. The unencapsulated devices with BMIMPF6 maintain 98.9%, 88.6%, and 99.5% of the initial PCEs after 1200 h storage in N2, 1000 h storage in air (30% relative humidity), and 200 thermal cycles (25–100°C), respectively.
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Multiscale photoacoustic imaging without motion using single‐pixel imaging
Authors: Song Xianlin , Yu Xiaohai , Wang Rui , Chen Ganyu , Zeng Jiahao 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe conventional photoacoustic microscopy usually uses mechanical raster scanning to obtain three‐dimensional information, and the imaging speed is limited. Meanwhile, the conventional photoacoustic microscopy can only be performed at one single scale due to fixed resolution, it cannot make full use of multiscale information for integrated imaging. Here, we proposed a multiscale photoacoustic microscopy based on single‐pixel imaging. A sequence of sinusoidal fringes with varying spatial frequencies is used to obtain the Fourier coefficients in the case of a single ultrasonic transducer. By controlling the spatial frequency of fringe, the acquisition of Fourier coefficients can be controlled and multiscale imaging can be achieved. The feasibility of this method is verified by theory and simulation. The results show that the lateral resolution can be tuned from several microns to tens of microns without mechanical scanning. This method will expand the application of photoacoustic imaging in biomedical research.
3D‐QSAR, molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and ADME/T analysis of marketed and newly designed flavonoids as inhibitors of Bcl‐2 family proteins for targeting U‐87 glioblastoma
Authors: Poustforoosh Alireza , Faramarz Sanaz , Nematollahi Mohammad Hadi , Hashemipour Hassan , Tüzün Burak , Pardakhty Abbas , Mehrabani Mehrnaz 
Published: November 2021

AbstractGlioblastoma is the most common and destructive brain tumor with increasing complexity. Flavonoids are versatile natural compounds with the approved anticancer activity, which could be considered as a potential treatment for glioblastoma. A quantitative structure‐activity relationship (QSAR) can provide adequate data for understanding the role of flavonoids structure against glioblastoma. The IC50 of various flavonoids for the U‐87 cell line was used to prepare an adequate three‐dimensional QSAR (3D‐QSAR) model. The validation of the model was carried out using some statistical parameters such as R2 and Q2. Based on the QSAR model, the activities of other marketed and newly designed flavonoids were predicted. Molecular docking study and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation were conducted for better recognition of the interactions between the most active compounds and Bcl‐2 family proteins. Moreover, an AMDE/T analysis was performed for the most active flavonoids. A reliable 3D‐QSAR was performed with R2 and Q2 of 0.91 and 0.82. The molecular docking study revealed that BCL‐XL has a higher binding affinity with the most active compounds, and the MD simulation showed that some residues of the BH3 domain, such as Phe97, Tyr101, Arg102, and Phe105 create remarkable hydrophobic interactions with the ligands. ADME/T analysis also showed the potential of the active compounds for further investigation. 3D‐QSAR study is a beneficial method to evaluate and design anticancer compounds. Considering the results of the molecular docking study, MD simulation, and ADME/T analysis, the designed compound 54 could be considered as a potential treatment for glioblastoma.
Age‐related changes in the energy of human mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Barilani Mario , Lovejoy Christopher , Piras Roberta , Abramov Andrey Y. , Lazzari Lorenza , Angelova Plamena R. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAging is a physiological process that leads to a higher risk for the most devastating diseases. There are a number of theories of human aging proposed, and many of them are directly or indirectly linked to mitochondria. Here, we used mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from young and older donors to study age‐related changes in mitochondrial metabolism. We have found that aging in MSCs is associated with a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and lower NADH levels in mitochondria. Mitochondrial DNA content is higher in aged MSCs, but the overall mitochondrial mass is decreased due to increased rates of mitophagy. Despite the higher level of ATP in aged cells, a higher rate of ATP consumption renders them more vulnerable to energy deprivation compared to younger cells. Changes in mitochondrial metabolism in aged MSCs activate the overproduction of reactive oxygen species in mitochondria which is compensated by a higher level of the endogenous antioxidant glutathione. Thus, energy metabolism and redox state are the drivers for the aging of MSCs/mesenchymal stromal cells.
Pharmacokinetics and Concentration‐Response of Dupilumab in Patients With Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Kamal Mohamed A. , Franchetti Yoko , Lai Ching‐Ha , Xu Christine , Wang Claire Q. , Radin Allen R. , O'Brien Meagan P. , Ruddy Marcella , Davis John D. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPatients with moderate to severe allergic rhinitis may benefit from subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT), despite the risk of systemic allergic reaction. Dupilumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody that blocks the shared receptor component for interleukin‐4 and interleukin‐13, key drivers of the type 2 inflammation seen in allergic rhinitis, thereby inhibiting their signaling. In the LIBERTY Grass AID trial (NCT03558997), 16 weeks of treatment with 300 mg of dupilumab every 2 weeks plus timothy grass (TG) SCIT did not reduce TG allergen challenge nasal symptom scores compared with SCIT only but did improve tolerability of SCIT up‐titration in patients with a history of grass pollen–induced seasonal allergic rhinitis. Here, we present the pharmacokinetics of functional serum dupilumab and concentration‐response relationships in 52 patients enrolled in this trial. Functional dupilumab concentrations and concentrations of TG‐specific IgE and IgG4 were assessed in blood samples collected from dupilumab‐only and SCIT + dupilumab–treated groups. Mean functional dupilumab concentrations were similar in both groups and reached a steady state of ≈70–80 mg/L at week 5. One week after the end of treatment, TG‐specific IgG4 concentrations were increased in the SCIT + dupilumab group, but not in the dupilumab‐only group, over the range of dupilumab concentrations evaluated, whereas no changes were seen for TG‐specific IgE concentrations. This study demonstrates that SCIT does not alter functional concentrations of serum dupilumab, and the impact of SCIT on TG‐specific immunoglobulins is not affected by functional dupilumab concentrations over the range studied, indicating that maximum response was achieved in all patients.
Segment number threshold determines juvenile onset of germline cluster expansion in Platynereis dumerilii
Authors: Kuehn Emily , Clausen David S. , Null Ryan W. , Metzger Bria M. , Willis Amy D. , Özpolat B. Duygu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDevelopment of sexual characters and generation of gametes are tightly coupled with growth. Platynereis dumerilii is a marine annelid that has been used to study germline development and gametogenesis. P. dumerilii has germ cell clusters found across the body in the juvenile worms, and the clusters eventually form the gametes. Like other segmented worms, P. dumerilii grows by adding new segments at its posterior end. The number of segments reflect the growth state of the worms and therefore is a useful and measurable growth state metric to study the growth‐reproduction crosstalk. To understand how growth correlates with progression of gametogenesis, we investigated germline development across several developmental stages. We discovered a distinct transition period when worms increase the number of germline clusters at a particular segment number threshold. Additionally, we found that keeping worms short in segment number, by manipulating environmental conditions or via amputations, supported a segment number threshold requirement for germline development. Finally, we asked if these clusters in P. dumerilii play a role in regeneration (as similar free‐roaming cells are observed in Hydra and planarian regeneration) and found that the clusters were not required for regeneration in P. dumerilii, suggesting a strictly germline nature. Overall, these molecular analyses suggest a previously unidentified developmental transition dependent on the growth state of juvenile P. dumerilii leading to substantially increased germline expansion.
Diffusion Kurtosis MR Imaging of Invasive Breast Cancer: Correlations With Prognostic Factors and Molecular Subtypes
Authors: Kang Han Sol , Kim Jin You , Kim Jin Joo , Kim Suk , Lee Nam Kyung , Lee Ji Won , Suh Hie Bum , Hwangbo Lee , Son Yohan , Grimm Robert 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundThe associations between diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI)‐derived parameters and clinical prognostic factors of breast cancer have not been fully evaluated; this knowledge may have implications for outcome prediction and treatment strategies.PurposeTo determine associations between quantitative diffusion parameters derived from DKI and diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) and the prognostic factors and molecular subtypes of breast cancer.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationA total of 383 women (mean age, 53.8 years; range, 31–82 years) with breast cancer who underwent preoperative breast MRI including DKI and DWI.Field Strength/SequenceA 3.0 T; DKI using a spin‐echo echo‐planar imaging (EPI) sequence (b values: 200, 500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 sec/mm2), DWI using a readout‐segmented EPI sequence (b values: 0 and 1000 sec/mm2) and dynamic contrast‐enhanced breast MRI.AssessmentTwo radiologists (J.Y.K. and H.S.K. with 9 years and 1 year of experience in MRI, respectively) independently measured kurtosis, diffusivity, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of breast cancer by manually placing a regions of interest within the lesion. Diffusion measures were compared according to nodal status, grade, and molecular subtypes.Statistical TestsKruskal–Wallis test, Mann–Whitney U test with Bonferroni correction, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, and multivariate logistic regression analysis. (Statistical significance level of P < 0.05).ResultsAll diffusion measures showed significant differences according to axillary nodal status and histological grade. Kurtosis showed significant differences among molecular subtypes. The luminal subtype (median 1.163) showed a higher kurtosis value compared to the HER2‐positive (median 0.962) or triple‐negative subtypes (median 1.072). ROC analysis for differentiating HER2‐positive from luminal subtypes revealed that kurtosis yielded the highest area under the curve of 0.781. In multivariate analyses, kurtosis remained a significant factor associated with differentiation between HER2‐positive and luminal (odds ratio [OR] = 0.993), triple‐negative and luminal (OR = 0.995), and HER2‐positive and triple‐negative subtypes (OR = 0.994).Data conclusionQuantitative diffusion parameters derived from DKI and DWI are associated with prognostic factors for breast cancer. Moreover, DKI‐derived kurtosis can help distinguish between the molecular subtypes of breast cancer.Evidence Level4Technical Efficacy3
Getting ahead or getting along? How motivational orientations forge newcomers' cohort network structures, task assistance, and turnover
Authors: Zhou Jinyi , Li Ning , Chi Wei 
Published: November 2021

SummarySocial connections play a vital role in helping newcomers fit into a new work environment. In addition to seeking valuable support from organizational “insiders” such as coworkers and leaders, newcomers also need support from other newcomers with similar experience during the onboarding process. Drawing upon socioanalytic theory, we propose that newcomers with a competitive or cooperative orientation will follow different networking patterns within their friendship cohort network. Specifically, newcomers with a highly competitive orientation will experience a high increase in coreness centrality in the friendship cohort network, which captures employees' relative position (i.e., core or periphery) in the entire cohort, while those with a highly cooperative orientation will have a high increase in in‐degree centrality, which reflects the number of personal friendship ties. To test our hypotheses, a cohort of 607 newcomers in a manufacturing company was tracked for 18 months (in seven waves) and the results show that competitive orientation is positively related to newcomers' increase in coreness centrality and that a cooperative orientation is positively related to an increase in in‐degree centrality. Furthermore, the increase in coreness centrality is positively related to newcomers' task assistance from other newcomers, which in turn reduces their likelihood of leaving the organization.