bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrodiagnostic Signs of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Ocular Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Shahriari Mansoor , Karimzadeh Afshin , Esmaily Hadi , Rezanejad Saman , Nikkhah Homayoun , Yadgari Maryam , Pourhoseingholi Asma 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose To assess the occurrence and severity of electrodiagnostic signs of carpal tunnel syndrome (ED-CTS) in patients with ocular pseudoexfoliation (PEX) and compare them with normal subjects.Method A 1:1 case-control study was designed and 60 patients with PEX were recruited from May 2019 to February 2021, and the findings were compared with 59 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. All patients underwent complete ophthalmologic examination and nerve conduction velocity test at the median nerve was used to assess the occurrence and severity of ED-CTS in both hands.Results The mean age of participants was 59.8 ± 4.5 years. Occurrence of ED-CTS was 38.3% in PEX patients and 20.3% in control subjects (P = 0.025). There was also a significant difference in the severity, and presence of asymptomatic CTS (P < 0.05). Adjusting other variables, including; age, sex and job difficulty, having severe ED-CTS showed a 3.49-fold higher chance in the PEX group (P = 0.002). Conclusion There is a direct relation between PEX and the occurrence, as well as severity of ED-CTS.
Prognostic Implication of Admission HbA1c for All-cause Mortality in Ischemic Heart Failure Among a Chinese Population: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Qiu Weida , Chen Sicheng , Cai Anping , Xiao Xiaoju , Gao Zhiping , Lin Jijin , Li Liwen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: The impact of glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) on heart failure (HF) and ischemic heart disease (IHD) differs among studies, and IHD is a preponderant cause in HF. We investigated the link between admission HbA1c and all-cause mortality in a Chinese population with ischemic heart failure (IHF).Methods: Eligible patients with IHF at the Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital from December 2015 to June 2019 were enrolled to investigate the association between admission HbA1c and all-cause mortality of IHF with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression analysis.Results: Of 1413 participants, the median age was 63.2 ± 10.9 years, 85% were men and median admission HbA1c level was 6.82%. All-cause mortality was higher in HbA1c >7% group compared with HbA1c ≤7% group (hazard ratio (HR): 1.328, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.016-1.735, p =0.037), and sensitivity analysis appeared the consistent result. The association between HbA1c and all-cause mortality was also statistically significant in the male and younger cohorts.Conclusions: Elevated admission HbA1c level (>7%) is an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality of IHF in the general population, and there is also a consistent trend among male and younger individuals. Further explorations are required to elucidate whether glycemic management plays a crucial role in the progression of IHF within female and elderly population.
Correlation Between Carotid Intima Media Thickness and Serum Uric Acid, Results From 15843 Subjects in 2016-2020
Authors: Ma Mingzhu , Wang Liangxu , Zhong Xiaoni , Zhong Li , Chen Rong , Li Longfei , Mao Min 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective: Uric acid is thought to be associated with the occurrence of atherosclerosis, which is closely related to cardio-cerebrovascular disease. However, the present study examined serum uric acid (SUA) and its correlation with carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), which is a major issue. The purpose of this paper is to examine serum uric acid concentration and its correlation with carotid artery atherosclerosis according to age and sex groups.Methods: Individuals who underwent physical examinations at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from 2016 to 2020 were selected. The physical examination information of the subjects was recorded, and biochemical indexes such as blood uric acid levels were collected. The intima media thickness of the carotid artery was measured by ultrasound. Using traditional atherosclerosis risk factors as adjustment variables, the association between blood uric acid levels and atherosclerosis was assessed by logistic regression analysis.Results: A total of 15,843 subjects (73.90% male) were included, with an average age of 52±12 (20-92) years. The prevalence of CIMT thickened was 9.51%, and the plaque prevalence was 28.59%. Univariate analysis results showed that there were significant differences in CIMT thickening and plaque occurrence among different SUA level groups in both men and women (P<0.0001). After adjustment for conventional cardiovascular risk factors, increased SUA levels were significantly associated with an increased risk of CIMT thickening (male: ≤220 μmol/L as the reference group, 220-290 μmol/L: OR=1.591, 95% CI: 1.069-2.367; 290-360 μmol/L: OR=1.65, 95% CI: 1.127-2.415;360-430 μmol/L: OR=1.634, 95% CI: 1.116-2.393; >430 μmol/L: OR=1.857, 95% CI: 1.264-2.73;P < 0.05. female: ≤210 μmol/L as the reference group, 260-310 μmol/L: OR=1.419, 95% CI: 1.059-1.901; 310-360 μmol/L: OR=1.432, 95% CI: 1.048-1.957; >360 μmol/L: OR=1.557, 95% CI: 1.113-2.177; P < 0.05). Correlation analysis in each age subgroup showed that CIMT was significantly associated with SUA in men ≥60 years old and women 45-60 years old and ≥60 years old (male: ≤220 μmol/L as the reference group, >430 μmol/L: OR=1.972, 95% CI: [1.2,3.238]. female: ≤210 μmol/L as the reference group, >360 μmol/L (45-60 years old): OR=1.77, 95% CI:[1.107,2.832]; > 360 μmol/L (≥60 years old), OR = 1.65, 95% CI: [1.067, 2.551]. P < 0.05).Conclusions: In both men and women, increased SUA levels are closely associated with thickened CIMT, which is associated with a higher risk of cardio-cerebrovascular disease. The age at which this association was observed in women was lower than in men, and whether this result is due to changes in hormone levels before and after menopause remains to be prospectively studied.
Correlation between Glucokinase Regulator (GCKR) Gene Polymorphisms and Serum Uric Acid Levels in Taiwanese Adolescents
Authors: Ho Li-Ju , Lu Chieh-Hua , Su Ruei-Yu , Lin Fu-Huang , Su Sheng-Chiang , Kuo Feng-Chih , Chu Nain-Feng , Hung Yi-Jen , Liu Jhih-Syuan , Hsieh Chang-Hsun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Recent genome-wide association studies revealed a positive association between hyperuricemia and variants of the glucokinase regulator (GCKR) gene in adults. This study replicated the genetic association in a Taiwanese adolescent population. Methods: The frequencies of different genotypes or alleles of the GCKR rs780094 and rs1260326 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) were compared between 962 subjects (468 boys, 494 girls) with hyperuricemia (HUA) and normal uric acid (NUA) levels relative to gender. Logistic regression analysis was carried out to explore the genetic role in abnormal uric acid (UA) concentrations. Results: Boys had higher UA levels than girls (6.68 ± 0.06 and 5.23 ± 0.04 mg/dl, respectively, p < 0.001). The T allele had a higher HUA frequency than the C allele in both SNPs in girls; the rest of the frequencies of alleles and genotypes did not differentiate between subjects with HUA and NUA groups in both genders. However, after adjusting for confounding factors, the odds ratio for hyperuricemia incidence in TT genotype carriers was 1.75 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02 to 3.00) and higher than the C-carrier genotype in rs1260326 of the girl population. Conclusion: The GCKR rs1260326 polymorphism is associated with higher UA concentrations in Taiwanese girl adolescents.
Inhibitory Effect of Centipede Scolopendra Extract on Gallbladder Carcinoma via Up-regulation of PUMA
Authors: Yan Cheng , Xiao Yangyan , Ji Jingfen , Liu Zhide , Zhang Weichang , Chen Zonglin , Li Qinglong , Cai Wenwu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: To observe the effect of centipede scolopendra extract on gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) and further investigate its underlying mechanism.Methods: The GBC cell line GBC-SD was purchased and cultured. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was constructed. The mRNA expression levels of PUMA were measured by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and protein expression levels of p53, PUMA, Bax and Bcl-2 were measured by western blotting respectively. Viability and proliferation were detected using MTT and colony formation assays respectively. The apoptosis rate was determined by Annexin-V-FITC/PI double staining. Results: The GBC-SD cell line was successfully obtained and cultured. MTT and colony formation assays demonstrated that the viability and proliferation of GBC-SD cells could be markedly inhibited by centipede scolopendra extract in a concentration-dependent manner in the limited concentration range. Following pretreatment with centipede scolopendra extract, RT-qPCR demonstrated that the expression levels of PUMA were markedly increased in the GBC-SD cells, and western blotting showed that the high expression of PUMA was accompanied by upregulation of Bax and downregulation of p53 and Bcl-2 in the GBC-SD cells. However, this effect has proved hard to reproduce after PUMA-siRNA. Flow cytometry revealed that the apoptosis rate was 9.8±2.2%, 25.3±3.6%, 10.6±2.0%, and 13.5±2.4% in control group, centipede scolopendra extract group, PUMA-siRNA group, and centipede scolopendra extract combined with PUMA-siRNA group respectively. Conclusions: Centipede scolopendra extract could induce the apoptosis of GBC-SD cells by promoting the PUMA-Bax signaling pathway. It could serve as a potential novel therapy for GBC in clinical practice.
New Reduction-Oxidation Indices Applied to Mixtures in the Impact on Seasonal and Circadian Rhythm Studies of The Essential Oil From Leaves of Piper Gaudichaudianum Kunth (Piperaceae) – A Folk Medicine and Ritualistic Plant
Authors: Ramos Ygor Jessé , Costa-Oliveira Claudete da , Candido-Fonseca Irene , de Queiroz George Azevedo , Guimarães Elsie Franklin , Defaveri Anna Carina Antunes e , Moreira Davyson de Lima 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Piper gaudichaudianum Kunth (Piperaceae) is widely used in Brazil as medicinal and ritualistic. In this study, chemophenetic patterns were evaluated based on leaves’ essential oils (EOs) chemical composition. Several collections were performed to accomplish circadian rhythm and seasonal studies. Besides, a predictive methodology was developed and submitted to Proof of Concept (PoC) to determine the metabolism pattern and evaluate the reduction-oxidation of complex mixtures: Weighted Average Redox Standard (SRO) and General Mixture Redox Index (GMOR). Fresh leaves EOs obtained by hydrodistillation were analyzed by GC-MS and GC-FID. The main identified compounds were sesquiterpenes. Nineteen terpene skeletons were registered. There was chemical composition variation at different phenological stages. EOs varied more between day and night than seasonally. Nine chemotypes are proposed based on our results and those from literature. SRO and GMRO analyzes highlighted a possible redox balance throughout day and night. Compounds per carbon skeleton diversification in EOs are matched by an increase in compounds SRO. We also report for the first time high chemical phenotype plasticity based on EOs analysis and its implications for P. gaudichaudianum chemophenetics, chemosystematics and ecology.
The Feature Extraction for Coronavirus Disease Classification Techniques
Authors: Masruriyah Anis Fitri Nur , Basri Hasan , Handayani Hanny Hikmayanti , Fauzi Ahmad 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
COVID-19 has been an epidemic since the end of 2019. The number of patients with COVID-19 continues to escalate until new variants emerge. The COVID-19 detection procedure begins with detecting early symptoms, furthermore confirmed by the swab and CXR methods. The process of swab and CXR takes a relatively long time since in CXR some patients have the same symptoms as pneumonia. This study carried out the classification of COVID-19 and not COVID-19 with feature extraction techniques and classification methods. The result of this study capable to identify CXR with COVID-19 and an accuracy of 96.5%. In addition, this study even compares the classification results without using feature extraction techniques. The comparison result showed that feature extraction was able to significantly improve accuracy.
Anxiety mouse model was constructed employing single intraperitoneal injection of m-Chlorophenpiperazine
Authors: li mai jia , Ye tian yuan , Qi dong mei , Cheng xiao rui , Liu xi jian 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

Anxiety disorder is a common mental disorder. It is necessary to establish a rapid, stable and specific anxiety model to provide theoretical basis for further research on the pathogenesis of anxiety and drug development.
Aim
Establish a rapid, stable, specific anxiety model.
Methods

A single intraperitoneal injection of m-chlorophenylpipera-zine(mCPP) (1, 2, 4 mg/kg) was given to male ICR mice to establish an anxiety model, and the effects of mCPP on anxiety behavior, pain, athletic ability, passive avoidance response ability and depressive behavior of male ICR mice were evaluated.
Results

A single intraperitoneal injection of mCPP shortened time in open arms and decreased the percentage of time in open arms of mice in elevated plus-maze test, mCPP also shortened center zone distance and reduced the number of entries to central zone in open field test. Moreover, mCPP reduced head-dip counts and increased head-dip latency of mice in hole-board test. After administrated with a single intraperitoneal injection of mCPP for 24h, the mice showed no significant difference for the entry into the light side and the percentage of time in light side of light-dark box test. A single intraperitoneal injection of mCPP had no effects on tail flick latency, rotating time, number of errors and the step-down latency, the immobility time of mice in tail-flick test, rotarod test, step-down test and TST respectively.
Conclusion

A rapid, stable and specific anxiety mouse model can be constructed by using a single intraperitoneal injection of mCPP.
Simplistic calculation of the tunneling splittings for proton transfer in malonaldehyde and formic acid dimer using the one-dimensional Schrödinger equation
Authors: Tikhonov Denis S. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this manuscript we present an approach for computing tunneling splittings for large amplitude motions. The core of the approach is a solution of an effective one-dimensional Schrödinger equation with an effective mass and an effective potential energy surface composed of electronic and harmonic zero-point vibrational energies of small amplitude motions in the molecule. The method has been shown to work in cases of three model motions: nitrogen inversion in ammonia, single proton transfer in malonaldehyde, and double proton transfer in the formic acid dimer. In the current work we also investigate the performance of different DFT and post-Hartree-Fock methods for prediction of the proton transfer tunneling splittings, quality of the effective Schrödinger equation parameters upon the isotopic substitution, and possibility of a complete basis set (CBS) extrapolation for the resulting tunneling splittings.
The DAWN study of dorzagliatin as add-on therapy to metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial
Authors: Chen Li , Yang Wenying , Zhu Dalong , Li Xiaoying , Gan Shenglian , Dong Xiaolin , Su Junping , Li Wenhui , Jiang Hongwei , Zhao Wenjuan , Yao Minxiu , Song Weihong , Lu Yibing , Zhang Xiuzhen , Li Huifang , Wang Guixia , Qiu Wei , Yuan Guoyue , Ma Jianhua , Li Wei , Li Ziling , Wang Xiaoyue , Zeng Jiao’e , Yang Zhou , Liu Jingdong , Liang Yongqian , Lu Song , Zhang Huili , Liu Hui , Liu Ping , Fan Kuanlu , Jiang Xiaozhen , Li Yufeng , Su Qing , Ning Tao , Tan Huiwen , An Zhenmei , Jiang Zhaoshun , Liu Lijun , Zhou Zunhai , Zhang Qiu , Li Xuefeng , Shan Zhongyan , Xue Yaoming , Mao Hong , Shi Lixin , Ye Shandong , Zhang Xiaomei , Sun Jiao , Yang Tao , Li Feng , Lin Jingna , Zhang Zhinong , Zhao Ying , Li Ruonan , Guo Xiaohui , Yao Qi , Lu Weiping , Qu Shen , Li Hongmei , Tan Liling , Wang Wenbo , Yao Yongli , Chen Daoxiong , Li Yulan , Gao Jialin , Hu Wen , Fei Xiaoqiang , Wu Tianfeng , Dong Song , Jin Wenlong , Li Chenzhong , Zhao Dong , Feng Bo , Zhao Yu , Zhang Yi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Metformin is the first-line therapy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) through mechanism of reduction in hepatic glucose production and fasting plasma glucose. Dorzagliatin is a novel glucokinase activator (GKA) that improves glucose and insulin sensitivity which significantly reduces post meal plasma glucose. Combination of dorzagliatin with metformin would offer benefits through the synergy of two mechanisms. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial (NCT03141073), the efficacy and safety of dorzagliatin add-on to metformin in T2D patients were assessed. Eligible T2D patients (n=767) were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to dorzagliatin group or placebo group add-on to metformin (1500 mg/day) for a 24-week double-blind treatment, then followed by a 28-week open-label treatment with dorzagliatin in all patients. The primary efficacy endpoint was the change from baseline in the glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c) level at week 24 and the safety was assessed throughout the trial. At week 24, the HbA1c was reduced from baseline in dorzagliatin group, superior to placebo (-1.02% vs. -0.36%; ETD, -0.66%; 95% CI, -0.79 to -0.53; P<0.0001), with the effects sustained through 52 weeks. The 2-hour postprandial glucose (2hPPG) was significantly decreased in dorzagliatin group over placebo (-98.10 mg/dl vs. -53.46 mg/dl, P<0.0001), and the homeostasis model assessment 2-β (HOMA2-β) and homeostasis model assessment 2-IR (HOMA 2-IR) were significantly improved at week 24 over placebo. The incidence of adverse events (AEs) was similar between the two groups during the 24 weeks. The hypoglycemia occurred in 4 (1.0%) out of 382 patients in dorzagliatin group during the 52 weeks. No severe hypoglycemia events were reported. In T2D patients with inadequate glycemic control by metformin alone, dorzagliatin demonstrated fast onset and sustained glycemic control with a good safety and tolerability profile for 52 weeks.
Evaluation of an Experimental Modal Analysis Device for Micromilling Tools
Authors: Filho Joel Martins Crichigno , Melotti Saulo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Stable machining conditions in the micromilling process are critical to increase the production of small components. Precise frequency response measurements are essential to generate the stability diagrams. Therefore, impact hammer application which mostly relies on operator's skill and experience is very time-consuming and can produce imprecise results. This study aims to analyze a device developed to perform the experimental modal analysis of micromilling tools. The device facilitates the positioning of a fixed point Laser Doppler Vibrometer ( LDV ) as well as providing automatic and reproductive impact tests. Two mirrors supported by kinematic mounts are used to position the laser beam on the micro milling tool surface. The impact hammer is composed of a force sensor attached to a custom designed flexure-based body, in which an automated electromagnetic releases the mechanism. A set of experiments were conducted to perform the precision positioning of the laser beam and the impact hits. The impact force repeatability in terms of the magnitude and impulse duration were also investigated. The application of the device was demonstrated through modal testing of two micromilling tools with two different diameters.
Unraveling the Appropriate Dose for Infusion of Human Umbilical Cord Blood Derived Mononuclear Cells in Alleviating Hyperoxia Induced Lung Injury in Neonatal Mice
Authors: Du Xue , Chen Jia , Chen Yuhan , Yin Xiaojuan , Zhang Xing , Yang Xiao , Feng Zhichun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Intravenous infusion of human umbilical cord blood derived mononuclear cells (hUCB-MNCs) alleviates the hyperoxia-induced neonatal lung injury. The aim of this preclinical study was to determine the optimal dose of hUCB-MNCs in alleviating hyperoxia-induced lung injury in neonatal mice.Method: Newborn C57BL6/J mice were randomly exposed to hyperoxia (85% O2) or normoxia (21% O2) after birth for 14 days. Three different doses of hUCB-MNCs, 3×106 cells/kg (D1), 3×106 cells/kg (D2), and 3×106 (D3), were administered intravenously at postnatal day 7(P7). At P28, lungs were harvested for analyses including morphology for alveolarization, pulmonary function assessment for lung motion and lung blood flow, expression of inflammatory factors and growth factors including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-2, IL-10, MMP9, TGF-β and VEGF. Result: We discovered that hyperoxia-induced lung injuries, such as reduced alveolarization, as evidenced by increased mean chord length (MCL) and radical alveolar area (RAA) and decreased radical alveolar counts (RAC) were significantly restored in D1, D2 and D3, with the best in D3. Enhanced expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 concomitant with attenuated expression of IL-10 and IL-2 were shown in all groups with the most significance in D3. Down-regulated expression of TGF-β, MMP9 and up-regulated expression of VEGF in lung tissue were observed in all groups, with the largest extent in D3.Conclusion: Collectively, our study revealed the appropriate dose of intravenous infusion of hUCB-MNCs in alleviating hyperoxia-induced lung injury through modulating inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in neonatal mice.
Non-sebaceous Lymphadenoma of the Thymus: a Case Report
Authors: Shanlian Wu , Yuping Bai , xunlu Xie , Guangxiu Guo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: non-sebaceous lymphadenoma (NSL) is a rare benign tumor with a predominant lymphoid background within which is embedded solid or duct-like structures squamous epithelial nests, lacking of sebaceous differentiation. Non-sebaceous lymphadenoma most commonly arises within the salivary glands. However, Non-sebaceous lymphadenoma arises in the thymus have not been reported.Case presentation: A 53-year-old female patient, computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest for patient showed a nodular (19 ×13 × 16-mm) in the anterior mediastinum, and with mild homogeneous enhancement on contrast-enhanced CT. The patients underwent total thymectomy with removal of the anterior mediastinal nodule by thoracoscope via below the costal margin of the Xiphoid process. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of epithelial nests and prominent lymphoid stroma, with a capsule and clearly demarcated from the surrounding thymus tissue. The epithelial nests are arranged in solid nests or duct-like structures, lacking of sebaceous differentiation and cytological atypia. The pathological diagnosis was lymphadenoma, non-sebaceous type. There were no signs of recurrence 6 months after the surgery.Conclusions: There are very few reported cases of non-sebaceous lymphadenoma occurred in thymus in the medical literature. So accurate understanding of the histopathologic diagnosis of this rare tumor is important to avoid unnecessary overtreatment.