bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SSTP1, A Host Defense Peptide, Exploits the Immunomodulatory Il6 Pathway to Induce Apoptosis in Cancer Cells
Authors: G. Shyla , U. Soumya Krishnan , Mohan Amrutha , Shanmugam Geetha , T.V. Vineethkumar , J. Sreekumar , K.C. Sivakumar , Vasudevan Dileep , Nori Sai Ravi Chandra , Sathi Shijulal Nelson , George Sanil , Maliekal Tessy Thomas 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: The anticancer activities of host defense peptides (HDPs) are mainly attributed to their cell penetrating activity. Accordingly, several approaches based on machine learning, calculating the membrane pore formation ability, have been proposed for the anti-cancer peptide identification. Since the membranolytic activity can lead to nonspecific effects, like hemolysis, the therapeutic application of such molecules is limited. In this context, we considered the immunomodulatory activity of HDPs, which is regulated by specific membrane targets and immunomodulatory pathways in immune cells. As many immunomodulators are aberrantly expressed in cancer cells, the possibility of the activation of an immunomodulatory pathway was investigated for a novel anticancer HDP, SSTP1.Methods: The fourteen mature peptides identified by shotgun cloning from the frog-skin secretions were screened for cytotoxicity in oral cancer cells. The mechanism of action of the selected peptide, SSTP1 was investigated in comparison to its inactive mutant, SSTP2. An RNA-Seq coupled with pathway enrichment analysis was performed to identify the upstream signaling leading to the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. Since the activation of the IL6/IL6R pathway was suggested, we performed in silico docking studies to find the binding of SSTP1 to the IL6/IL6Rα/gp130 complex. The dynamic simulation predicted the conformational changes in the active site residues. The confocal co-localization studies, pull-down assay, FRET analysis, western blot and reporter assays were performed to elucidate the role of the IL6/IL6R pathway in SSTP1-induced apoptosis. Specific small molecule inhibitors and neutralizing antibodies were used to ascertain the role of the IL6/IL6Rα/gp130 complex in the activation of JNK/AP1 pathway-dependent cell death.Results: SSTP1, a novel temporin, modulates the IL6 pathway and induces apoptosis when it binds to IL6Rα on the active IL6/IL6Rα/gp130 complex, rearranging the active site residues. In contrast to the IL6 blockers inhibiting JAK/STAT activity, SSTP1 shifts the proliferative IL6/JAK/STAT signaling to the apoptotic IL6/JNK/AP1 pathway. In IL6Rα-overexpressing cancer cells, apoptosis is preferred over the membranolytic activity, upon SSTP1 treatment.Conclusions: Here, we provide the evidence of an HDP-induced signaling through immunomodulators, leading to apoptosis in cancer cells. Our study also implies the importance of identifying the targets of HDPs for their clinical application
Predictors for development of palbociclib-induced neutropenia in breast cancer patients as determined by ordered logistic regression analysis
Authors: Kanbayashi Yuko , Sakaguchi Koichi , Ishikawa Takeshi , Takayama Koichi , Taguchi Tetsuya 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This retrospective study aimed to identify predictors for the development of palbociclib-induced neutropenia. This study retrospectively analysed 78 breast cancer patients who had received palbociclib at our hospital between January 2018 and May 2020. For the regression analysis of factors associated with palbociclib-induced neutropenia, variables were extracted manually from medical charts. The level of palbociclib-induced neutropenia was evaluated using the National Cancer Institute’s Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (version 5). Multivariate ordered logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors for the development of neutropenia. Optimal cut-off thresholds were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Values of P < 0.05 (2-tailed) were considered significant. Significant factors identified included concomitant use of statin (odds ratio [OR] = 0.104, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.018–0.598; P = 0.011] and body mass index (BMI) (OR = 1.118, 95% CI = 1.007–1.241; P = 0.037). ROC analysis revealed that neutropenia (grade 4) was more likely to occur with a BMI ≥ 22.3 kg/m2. In conclusion, no concomitant use of statins and high BMI were identified as significant predictors for the development of palbociclib-induced neutropenia.
Mechanisms of Lead (II) Phycoremediation Using Scenedesmus Obliquus: Cell Physicochemical Properties, Biochemical Composition and Metabolomic Profiling
Authors: M. Danouche , N El Ghachtouli , A Aasfar , I. Bennis , H. El Arroussi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This study highlights the mechanisms involved in Pb(II)-phycoremediation using the Pb(II) tolerant strain of Scenedesmus obliquus. Firstly, monitoring of cell growth kinetics in control and Pb(II)-doped medium revealed a significant growth inhibition, while the analyses through flow cytometry and Zetasizer revealed no difference in cell viability and size. Residual weights of control and Pb(II)-loaded cells assessed by thermogravimetric analysis, were 31.34% and 57.8%, respectively, indicating the uptake of Pb(II) into S. obliquus cells. Next, the use of chemical extraction to distinguish between the intracellular and extracellular uptake indicated the involvement of both biosorption (85.5%) and bioaccumulation (14.5%) mechanisms. Biosorption interaction of the cell wall and Pb(II) was confirmed by SEM, EDX, FTIR, zeta potential, zero-charge pH, and contact angle analyses. Besides, the biochemical characterization of control and Pb(II)-loaded cells revealed that the bioaccumulation of Pb(II) induces significant increases in the carotenoids and lipids content and decreases in the proportions of chlorophyll, carbohydrates, and proteins. Finally, the metabolomic analysis indicated an increase in the relative abundance of fatty acid methyl esters, alkanes, aromatic compounds, and sterols. However, the alkenes and monounsaturated fatty acids decreased. Such metabolic adjustment may represent an adaptive strategy, that preventing high Pb(II)-bioaccumulation in cellular compartments.
Is There Any Influence of TBP CAG / CAA Repeats on Huntington's Disease Age at Onset?
Authors: Silva Iane dos Santos da , Apolinário Thays Andrade , Agostinho Luciana de Andrade , Paiva Carmen Lúcia Antão 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a genetic neurodegenerative progressive and fatal disease characterized by motor disorder, cognitive impairment and behavioral problems, caused by expanded repeats of CAG trinucleotides in the HTT gene. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of TBP gene CAG/CAA repeats in conjunction with HTT gene CAG repeats, on the age of HD onset in Brazilian individuals. Individuals diagnosed as molecularly negative for HD, presented 29-39 TBP CAG/CAA (mean = 36 ± 2; median = 36). The most frequent allele had 36 repeats. The heterozygosity was 84%. In individuals diagnosed as molecularly positive for HD, a range of 25-40 TBP CAG/ CAA was found (mean = 36 ± 2; median = 36). The most frequent TBP allele had 38 repeats and the heterozygosity was 81%. We also conducted TBP direct Sanger sequencing of some samples which demonstrated other TBP structures different from the wild-type. The HTT expanded CAG and TBP CAG/CAA repeat sizes jointly explained 66% of the age at onset (AO) in our HD patients. The strongest variable in the model associated to AO was the number of expanded HTT CAG repeats. The difference between the association of HD AO with HTT expanded CAG together with TBP CAG / CAA and the association of HD AO with HTT expanded CAG was 0.001 (∆R2). Therefore, we found a weak association (0.1%) of TBP CAG/CAA repeats on HD AO, if any.
Evaluation of the learning curve for totally robotic single-anastomosis duodenal–ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy by CUSUM analysis
Authors: Wang Lun , Wang Zeyu , Jiang Tao 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Single-anastomosis duodenal–ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S) has similar efficacy and lower complication rate in the treatment of morbid obesity and obesity-associated metabolic diseases compared with the biliopancreatic diversion with a duodenal switch. The use of a robotic surgical system reduces surgical difficulties and improves surgical outcomes. The learning curve reflects the rate of skills or knowledge acquired in a certain period of time. However, the learning curve for robotic SADI-S has not been estimated.We used the cumulative sum analysis method to investigate the learning curve of totally robotic SADI-S. Textbook outcome analysis was performed to comprehensively define surgical success or failure.Multivariate analysis was performed to predict independent risk factors for complications and operative time. The moving average method was used to reflect the trends in operative time.This study showed that the learning curve for totally robotic SADI-S was 27 cases. Surgeon experience (case number and successful case number) was an independent predictor of the total operative time. A successful case number was the only independent predictor of surgical success or failure in this study (β = 0.084; P = 0.001). Except for the first assistant level, scrubbed nurse level, operative time, and proportion of abdominal drainage tube, there was no significant difference between the learning stage and mastery stage groups.The learning curve for totally robotic SADI-S was 27 cases. Surgeon experience including case number and successful case number were identified as independent predictors affecting the total operative time. A successful case number was the only independent predictor of surgical success or failure.
Halomonas Jincaotanensis Sp. Nov., a 1-naphthylamine Degrading Bacterium Isolated From Pamir
Authors: Bu Xuying , Xia Zhanfeng , Liu Zhanwen , Ren Min , Wan Chuanxing , Zhang Lili 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain TRM85114T, was isolated from Jincaotan in Pamir, PR China. We found it has the ability to degrading 1-naphthylamine. Strain TRM85114T grows at 4-40 °C (optimum, 30 °C), at pH 6.0-9.0 (optimum, pH 6.0-7.0) and with 3%-15% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 3%-6%). Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain TRM85114T is affiliated with the genus Halomonas, sharing high sequence similarity (97.3%) with the type strain of Halomonas korlensis CGMCC 1.6981T. The major fatty acids of strain TRM85114T are C12:0 3-OH, C16:0, C17:0 cyclo, C19:0 cyclo ω8c, summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or C16:1 ω6c) and summed feature 8 (C18:1 ω6c and/or C18:1 ω7c). The predominant respiratory quinone is Q-7. The genomic DNA G + C content of strain TRM85114T was determined to be 61.6 mol%. Calculating the average nucleotide identities and the digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain TRM85114T and the related type Halomonas strains further revealed that TRM85114T represented a novel species of the genus Halomonas. The name Halomonas jincaotanensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TRM85114T (CCTCC AB 2021006T =LMG 32311T).
Impact of Intraoperative Gravity-Dependent Atelectasis Following Laparoscopic Liver Resection Performed in the Lateral Position
Authors: Miyamoto Ryoichi , Ogura Toshiro , Takahashi Amane , Kimura Akifumi , Matsudaira Shinichi , Amikura Katsumi , Kawashima Yoshiyuki 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose

Laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) is currently an accepted approach for liver surgery in select patients. The correlation between the intraoperative position and the presence of gravity-dependent atelectasis (GDA) has been well discussed. However, LLR is performed in the left half lateral position, and the relationship between this position and the presence of GDA remains unclear. We evaluated the extent to which the intraoperative left half lateral position affects the presence of GDA. Furthermore, univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify potential risk factors for LLR postoperative complications with a special emphasis on the presence of GDA by comparing various patient-, liver- and surgery-related factors in a retrospective cohort.
Methods

We retrospectively evaluated 129 patients who underwent LLR in the left half lateral position at the Saitama Cancer Center in Saitama, Japan between March 2011 and July 2020. The frequency and duration of GDA were investigated. We divided the cohort into with GDA and without GDA groups based on a cutoff value (≥ 5 days, n = 61 and < 5 days, n = 68, respectively). Using multivariate analysis, the duration of GDA and several risk factors for LLR postoperative complications were independently assessed.
Results

Postoperative GDA was observed in 61 patients (47%) and lasted for 1 to 8 days in these patients. The mean duration of GDA was 4.3 days. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a GDA duration of 5 days or more (odds ratio [OR], 2.03; p = 0.001) and an operating time > 388 minutes (OR, 5.31; p < 0.001) to be independent risk factors for LLR postoperative complications.
Conclusions

The incidence and duration of postoperative GDA are considered useful predictors of postoperative complications, and these predictors should be assessed to improve the short-term outcomes of patients undergoing LLR.
Concurrent Use of Chinese Herbal Medicine and Anticoagulants May Reduce Major Bleeding Events
Authors: Hsu Shuo-Min , Lin Hung-Jen , Kao Yi-Wei , Li Te-Mao , Shia Ben-Chang , Huang Sheng-Teng 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: This retrospective cohort study investigated the risk of major bleeding events during the concurrent use of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) and anticoagulants in clinical practice. Methods: A total of 4,470 patients receiving anticoagulant drugs were selected from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). Half (n=2,235) were also using CHMs (CHM cohort); the other half were not (non-CHM cohort). Each cohort was matched 1:1 using the propensity score. Chi-square testing and the Student’s t-test were used to examine differences between two cohorts. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis assessed the risks for major bleeding events in each cohort, as well as bleeding risks associated with specific CHM formulas and herbs. Cumulative incidence curves for major bleeding events were calculated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results: Compared with the non-CHM cohort, the CHM cohort had a lower risk of overall bleeding events (p < 0.001) including hemorrhagic stroke (p = 0.008), gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding (p < 0.001), urogenital bleeding (p ≤ 0.001) and nasal/ear/eye bleeding (p = 0.004). Single herbs, such as Glycyrrhiza uralensis et Rhizoma, Panax notoginseng, Panax ginseng, Platycodon grandiflorum, Eucommia ulmoides Oliver and formulas, such as Shu Jing Huo Xue Tang, Shao Yao Gan Cao Tang and Ji Sheng Shen Qi Wan were associated with a lower risk of major bleeding events. Conclusions: Using CHMs with anticoagulants appeared to decrease the risk of major bleeding. Further investigations are needed to determine whether CHM can maintain the therapeutic efficacy of anticoagulants while simultaneously reducing potential side effects.Trial registration: Not applicable.
Investigation of Spatial Distribution, Antimicrobial, and Histopathological Effects of Probiotics on Zebrafish Model Infected with Aeromonas Hydrophila Through Evaluation of IL-1β and TNF-α Genes Expression
Authors: Ehsannia Sheida , Ahari Hamed , Kakoolaki Shapour , Anvar Seyed Amirali , Yousefi Shima 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

Usage of “probiotics” for treatment of food-borne pathogens associated diseases, makes a significant reduction in transmission of resistant bacteria, and antimicrobial resistance genes from aquaculture environments to humans. In this research, authors aim to evaluate immunomodulatory, and histological effects of two probiotic strains on Zebrafish model. Biometric tests, height, weight, and mortality rate of the fishes were assessed. Afterward, RT-PCR was conducted for bacterial existence of probiotic strains, and quantitative assessment of alterations in targeted immune genes. Subsequently, histological sampling was done for investigation of spatial distribution, and villus length in proximal, middle, and distal sections of intestinal tissues.
Results

Based on the results, there was an increased rate of goblet cells, and villus length in the middle and distal sections of intestinal tissue in case groups receiving both probiotic bacteria in 28th and 56th days. Furthermore, highest number of intraepithelial cells was observed in the proximal sections of intestinal tissue in groups receiving both probiotic bacteria in 56th days. The highest gene expression for Lactobacillus bulgaricus was found in groups only treated with this probiotic bacteria in 60th day. The highest gene expression for Lactobacillus acidophilus was found in case groups treated with both of probiotic bacteria in 28th day. The highest expression level of IL-1β, and TNF-α were found in control group (only infected by pathogen and receiving no probiotic). The highest survival rate was in case groups only treated with Lactobacillus bulgaricus.
Conclusion

To sum up, it seems that usage of probiotic for improvement of public health and fisheries industries can be helpful.
SiO2 Nanoparticles Derived from Arundo Donax L. Ash Composite with TiO2 Semiconductor for Efficient Photocatalytic Dye Reduction
Authors: G EASWARAN , M VIJAYAN , K SIVAKUMAR 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this report, the biomass derived silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticles composite with titanium dioxide (TiO2) semiconductors used as efficient photocatalyst for degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye molecules under UV-visible light irradiation is proclaimed. At first SiO2 derived from Arundo donax L. ash and TiO2 synthesized using titanium (IV) isopropoxide by co-precipitation method and then their different compositions prepared by wet impregnation method were exampled to various optical and atomic level fundamental studies. The amorphous and crystalline nature of SiO2 and TiO2 ratify from XRD and here it is found that the crystalline nature decreased in their compositions as compared to TiO2. 293 nm UV photons harvesting SiO2 observed which could be due to more impurity states presence on surface is further accomplished red shift after composition with TiO2 lead to moving photons harvesting nature towards visible region. The band gap increases in SiO2/TiO2 composites as for TiO2 composition is rapport well with the aforementioned redshift value. Out of all samples the low recombination rate is procured in 50 wt% SiO2/50 wt% TiO2 composite sample. The separated ~ 100–200 nm sized TiO2 nanoparticle and aggregated tiny SiO2 nanoparticles availability in composite sample is authentically substantiated from electron microscopic studies. The presence of Si, O and Ti elements in composite samples probed by XPS. Following the fundamental studies, the photocatalytic degradation ability of the as-prepared samples has been scrutinized against the degradation of Rh B dye in which the pronounced photocatalytic degradation efficiency 93.7% is successfully achieved on 50 wt% SiO2/50 wt% TiO2 nanocomposite photocatalyst.
Comparative Analysis of L-Carnitine Production by Y. Lipolytica in Different Culture Conditions in Biofuel Waste and Fatty-Poor Medium for Commercial Purposes
Authors: Jach Monika Elżbieta , Kubiński Konrad , Juda Marek , Sajnaga Ewa , Baj Tomasz , Malm Anna 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundYarrowia lipolytica is oleaginous yeast with the ability to grow in a variety of hydrophilic and hydrophobic substrates, including industrial wastes, in which it produces and accumulates various nutrients.MethodsThe aim of the present study was to examine the presence of free L-carnitine in the biomasses of two Yarrowia lipolytica strains (A-101 and ATCC 9793) growing in biofuel waste and YPD medium. The cultivations of Y. lipolytica were performed in aerobic conditions at different temperatures (20-30°C) and pH values (4.0-7.0) of the media with and without the addition of precursors for L-carnitine production (trimethyllysine, iron, and L-ascorbic acid) in a laboratory scale or other substances (chromium, selenite, or zinc) in a pilot plant scale.ResultsBoth tested Y. lipolytica strains grown in fatty acid-poor YPD medium at 20°C and pH 6.0 contained endogenous free L-carnitine in their biomass with a maximum of 22.85 mg/100 g of wet biomass. The addition of L-carnitine precursors to the YPD medium exerted a significant effect on L-carnitine concentration in the yeast biomass, increasing it up to 250%. In turn, the biomass of both tested Y. lipolytica strains cultivated in the biofuel waste, irrespective of the culture conditions, contained below 1 mg of L-carnitine/100 g of wet biomass. However, the supplementation of the culture media with the L-carnitine precursors significantly increased the yield of the yeast biomass by 20-30% in the non-fermentable biofuel waste cultures. Moreover, the addition of chromium (III) chloride into the biofuel waste caused an increase in the free L-carnitine concentration in the yeast biomass up to 2.24 mg/100 g of dry weight.ConclusionBiomass of Y. lipolytica grown in the fatty-poor medium contained free L-carnitine, in contrast to the biomass grown in the fat-rich biofuel waste. The very low amounts of L-carnitine in the biomass of Y. lipolytica grown in the crude biofuel waste suggest that the yeast is able to utilize almost the entire pool of free L-carnitine for growth and nutritional biomass production. However, the addition of chromium to the biofuel waste contributed to an increase in L-carnitine concentration in Y. lipolytica biomass.
Properties and Characterization of Tamarind Nut Shell Powder Filled Jute and Hemp Fibers Reinforced Hybrid Polymer Composites
Authors: Sahayaraj A. Felix , Muthukrishnan M. , Ramesh M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The main aim of this work is to investigate the effect of hybridization and the influence of tamarind nut shell powder (TNSP) on the properties and characterization of jute and hemp plant fibers reinforced composites by varying weight % of fibers. The composites are fabricated through the compression molding method and the properties such as tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus, Shore-D hardness, void content, and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of the hybrid composites are evaluated. The characterization studies such as Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy, water absorption behavior and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis are also conducted. The results indicated that the hybrid composite samples 40:0 (jute: hemp) have the highest tensile, flexural, impact strengths as well as ILSS values. The void content of 20:20 (jute:hemp) composites was reduced owing to the good adhesion and compatibility of both the fibers with the matrix material.