bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ПРИНЦИП СОСТЯЗАТЕЛЬНОСТИ И РАВНОПРАВИЯ СТОРОН В УГОЛОВНОМ ПРОЦЕССЕ В СВЕТЕ КОНЦЕПЦИИ ПРАВОВОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ РЕСПУБЛИКИ КАЗАХСТАН ДО 2030 ГОДА
Authors: Шуменова Р.Т. 
Published: December 2024

Указ Президента Республики Казахстан от 15 октября 2021 года №674 «Об утверждении Концепции правовой политики Республики Казахстан до 2030 года» гласит о том, что в уголовном процессе страны продолжаются нарушения конституционных прав и свобод граждан. Актуальной проблемой является качество досудебного и судебного производств. Принцип состязательности и равноправия сторон в уголовном процессе в полной мере не реализуется, потому что существует дисбаланс возможностей между сторонами в уголовном процессе. Цель исследования: установить причины дисбаланса объема возможностей между сторонами защиты и обвинения в уголовном процессе. Методы исследования: совокупность методов логико-правового анализа, научно-правовой и сравнительный анализ норм. Результаты исследования носят практическую направленность и могут быть применены в нормотворческой деятельности при совершенствовании норм действующего Уголовно-процессуального Кодекса РК.
«Қазақстан Республикасының 2030 жылға дейінгі құқықтық саясат тұжырымдамасын бекіту туралы» Қазақстан Республикасы Президентінің 2021 жылғы 15 қазандағы № 674 Жарлығында еліміздің қылмыстық саласында азаматтардың конституциялық құқықтары мен бостандықтарын бұзу жалғасуда деп көрсетілген. іс жүргізу. Сотқа дейінгі және сот өндірісінің сапасы өзекті мәселе болып табылады. Қылмыстық процесте тараптардың бәсекелестігі мен теңдігі қағидасы толық жүзеге асырылмайды, себебі қылмыстық процесте тараптардың мүмкіндіктерінің теңгерімсіздігі орын алады. Зерттеудің мақсаты: Қылмыстық процесте қорғау және айыптау тараптары арасындағы мүмкіндіктер ауқымындағы теңгерімсіздіктің себептерін анықтау. Зерттеу әдістері: логикалық-құқықтық талдау, нормаларды ғылымиқұқықтық және салыстырмалы талдау әдістерінің жиынтығы. Зерттеу нәтижелері бағыттылықта практикалық болып табылады және Қазақстан Республикасының қолданыстағы Қылмыстық іс жүргізу кодексінің нормаларын жетілдіру кезінде нормашығармашылық қызметте қолданылуы мүмкін.
The Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated October 15, 2021 No. 674 "On approval of the Concept of Legal Policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan until 2030" states that violations of constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens continue in the criminal proceedings of the country. The quality of pretrial and trial proceedings is a pressing issue. The principle of adversarial proceedings and equality of the parties in criminal proceedings is not fully implemented because there is an imbalance of opportunities between the parties in criminal proceedings. Research objective: to establish the reasons for the imbalance in the scope of opportunities between the defense and prosecution in criminal proceedings. Research methods: a set of methods of logical and legal analysis, scientific and legal and comparative analysis of norms. The results of the study are practical in nature and can be applied in rulemaking activities to improve the norms of the current Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Kontribusi Perempuan Dalam Menopang Ekonomi Keluarga Perspektif Maqashid Syariah
Authors: Rosa Rosa , Adiyono Adiyono 
Published: December 2024

Dalam era globalisasi, stigma bahwa perempuan hanya menjadi ibu rumah tangga telah bergeser, kini mereka dapat membantu perekonomian keluarga. Khususnya Perempuan single parent tidak hanya berperan sebagai ibu rumah tangga namun juga sebagai ayah yang mengharuskan mencari nafkah. Saat ini tidak jarang perempuan single parent yang bekerja bahkan membuat usaha sendiri untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup bahkan menjadi tulang punggung keluarganya. Dengan begitu, perempuan single parent memiliki pendapatan sendiri sehingga semakin banyak hasil pendapatan untuk dapat memenuhi kebutuhan ekonomi dalam keluarganya. Selanjutnya peneliti menggunakan perspektif maqashid syariah dengan tujuan untuk memahami bagaimana prinsip-prinsip Islam dapat memberikan panduan dalam mengoptimalkan peran dan keikutsertaan perempuan single parent dalam ekonomi keluarga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui serta menganalisis mengenai kontribusi atau keterlibatan seorang perempuan single parent dalam menopang ekonomi keluarga dalam pandangan maqashid syariah. Penulisan ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan yaitu wawancara dengan 10 perempuan single parent , observasi, dan dokumentasi. Data yang diperoleh kemudian di analis reduksi data, kemudian dilakukan penyajian data, serta penarikan kesimpulan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis kontribusi atau keterlibatan perempuan single parent dalam menopang ekonomi keluarga sesuai dengan perspektif maqashid syariah. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Desa Labang, Kecamatan Labang Kabupaten Bangkalan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa para perempuan single parent berusaha sendiri dalam menopang ekonomi keluarga baik yang di sebabkan oleh perceraian maupun ditinggal suami yang disebabkan meninggal dunia. Hal ini membuat peneliti tertarik untuk menulis jurnal dengan judul kontribusi perempuan dalam menopang ekonomi keluarga perspektif maqashid syariah.
Assessing the Status of Banded Leaf and Sheath Blight Disease of Maize (Zea mays L.) Caused by Rhizoctonia solani f. sp. sasakii in West Bengal, India
Authors: Parveen Rukshar , Chethan D. , Durga Yerakam , Biswas Madhurima , Debnath Srabani 
Published: December 2024

Maize is one of the most important cereal crops grown under diverse environments due to its range of plasticity. It is called the “Queen of Cereals” because of its highest yield potential. Various diseases significantly affect maize crops, with banded leaf and sheath blight being particularly impactful, leading to substantial reductions in crop yield. This study examined the prevalence of banded leaf and sheath blight (BLSB) in maize across various districts of West Bengal during 2020 and 2021. The findings revealed significant spatial and temporal variations in the incidence of BLSB. Districts such as North 24 Parganas and Paschim Medinipur demonstrated consistently high levels of disease severity, whereas Darjeeling recorded the lowest incidence. However, localized disease persistence was observed in regions like Uttar Dinajpur and Paschim Medinipur. The research underscored the considerable variability in susceptibility to BLSB across various maize cultivars. Notably, the Syngenta Babycorn variety exhibited a consistently elevated vulnerability to this pathogen, indicating a potential area for targeted mitigation strategies. The findings emphasize the need for integrated disease management strategies, including resistant varieties and cultural practices to mitigate BLSB.
Thickness Estimation of a Compressed Earth Brick (CEB) Wall Using a Numerical Model of Coupled Heat and Mass Transfer
Authors: Sayouba Kabré , Landry Ouédraogo Siguibnoma Kévin , N’Djédanoum Timbe , Naon Bétaboalé , François Zougmoré 
Published: December 2024

Numerical modelling of coupled heat and mass transfer within a CEB wall is presented. Drawing on the work of Luikov, a mathematical model governing coupled heat and mass transfer has been established, taking into account the BTC application environment. Temperature and moisture content were chosen as potential transfer drivers. The problem was tackled using a numerical approach (finite element method). Implementing the mathematical model in COMSOL enabled us to obtain results that are specific to BTC. The results show that below a thickness of 40 cm, a wall made of BTC is no longer a thermal or mass insulator. Moisture content and temperature have no effect when thickness exceeds 40 cm.
Evaluation of the Cost-effectiveness of Drug Treatment for Alzheimer Disease in a Simulation Model That Includes Caregiver and Societal Factors
Authors: Ito Kouta , Chapman Rick , Pearson Steven D. , Tafazzoli Ali , Yaffe Kristine , Gurwitz Jerry H. 
Published: October 2021

ImportanceThe possibility of widespread use of a novel effective therapy for Alzheimer disease (AD) will present important clinical, policy, and financial challenges.ObjectiveTo describe how including different patient, caregiver, and societal treatment-related factors affects estimates of the cost-effectiveness of a hypothetical disease-modifying AD treatment.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this economic evaluation, the Alzheimer Disease Archimedes Condition Event Simulator was used to simulate the prognosis of a hypothetical cohort of patients selected from the Alzheimer Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database who received the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Scenario analyses that varied costs and quality of life inputs relevant to patients and caregivers were conducted. The analysis was designed and conducted from June 15, 2019, to September 30, 2020.ExposuresA hypothetical drug that would delay progression to dementia in individuals with MCI compared with usual care.Main Outcomes and MeasuresIncremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), measured by cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained.ResultsThe model included a simulated cohort of patients who scored between 24 and 30 on the Mini-Mental State Examination and had a global Clinical Dementia Rating scale of 0.5, with a required memory box score of 0.5 or higher, at baseline. Using a health care sector perspective, which included only individual patient health care costs, the ICER for the hypothetical treatment was $183 000 per QALY gained. The result decreased to $173 000 per QALY gained in a traditional societal perspective analysis with the inclusion of patient non–health care costs. The inclusion of estimated caregiver health care costs reduced the ICER somewhat, but the inclusion of QALYs gained by caregivers led to a substantial reduction in the ICER for the hypothetical treatment, to $162 000 per QALY gained in the health sector perspective. In the societal perspective scenario, with the broadest inclusion of patient and caregiver factors, the ICER decreased to $103 000 per added QALY.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this economic evaluation suggest that policy makers should be aware that efforts to estimate and include the effects of AD treatments outside those on patients themselves can affect the results of the cost-effectiveness analyses that often underpin assessments of the value of new treatments. Further research and debate on including these factors in assessments that will inform discussions on fair pricing for new treatments are needed.
An Axially Continuous Graphene–Copper Wire for High‐Power Transmission: Thermoelectrical Characterization and Mechanisms
Authors: Kashani Hamzeh , Kim Chunghwan , Rudolf Christopher , Perkins F. Keith , Cleveland Erin R. , Kang Wonmo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe demand for high‐power electrical transmission continues to increase with technical advances in electric vehicles, unmanned drones, portable devices, and deployable military applications. In this study, significantly enhanced electrical properties (i.e., a 450% increase in the current density breakdown limit) are demonstrated by synthesizing axially continuous graphene layers on microscale‐diameter wires. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of the observed enhancements, the electrical properties of pure copper wires and axially continuous graphene–copper (ACGC) wires with three different diameters are characterized while controlling the experimental conditions, including ambient temperature, gases, and pressure. The study reveals that the main mechanism that allows the application of extremely large current densities (>400 000 A cm−2) through the ACGC wires is threefold: the continuous graphene layers considerably improve: 1) surface heat dissipation (224% higher), 2) electrical conductivity (41% higher), and 3) thermal stability (41.2% lower resistivity after thermal cycles up to 450 °C), compared with pure copper wires. In addition, it is observed, through the use of high‐speed camera images, that the ACGC wires exhibit very different failure behavior near the current density limit, compared with the pure copper wires.
Textured Electrodes: Manipulating Built‐In Crystallographic Heterogeneity of Metal Electrodes via Severe Plastic Deformation
Authors: Zheng Jingxu , Deng Yue , Yin Jiefu , Tang Tian , Garcia‐Mendez Regina , Zhao Qing , Archer Lynden A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractControl of crystallography of metal electrodeposit films has recently emerged as a key to achieving long operating lifetimes in next‐generation batteries. It is reported that the large crystallographic heterogeneity, e.g., broad orientational distribution, that appears characteristic of commercial metal foils, results in rough morphology upon plating/stripping. On this basis, an accumulative roll bonding (ARB) methodology—a severe plastic deformation process—is developed. Zn metal is used as a first example to interrogate the concept. It is demonstrated that the ARB process is highly effective in achieving uniform crystallographic control on macroscopic materials. After the ARB process, the Zn grains exhibit a strong (002) texture (i.e., [002]Zn//ND). The texture transitions from a classical bipolar pattern to a nonclassical unipolar pattern under large nominal strain eliminate the orientational heterogeneity of the foil. The strongly (002)‐textured Zn remarkably improves the plating/stripping performance by nearly two orders of magnitude under practical conditions. The performance improvements are readily scaled to achieve pouch‐type full batteries that deliver exceptional reversibility. The ARB process can, in principle, be applied to any metal chemistry to achieve similar crystallographic uniformity, provided the appropriate temperature and accumulated strains are employed. This concept is evaluated using commercial Li and Na foils, which, unlike Zn (HCP), are BCC crystals. The simple process for creating strong textures in both hexagonal and cubic metals and illustrating the critical role such built‐in crystallography plays underscores opportunities for developing highly reversible thin metal anodes (e.g., hexagonal Zn, Mg, and cubic Li, Na, Ca, Al).
Simultaneous Realization of Superoleophobicity and Strong Substrate Adhesion in Water via a Unique Segment Orientation Mechanism
Authors: Yu Danfeng , Huang Jianjia , Zhang Zhenqiang , Weng Jiahao , Xu Xiubin , Zhang Guojie , Zhang Jianguo , Wu Xu , Johnson Melissa , Lyu Jing , Yang Hui , Wang Wenxin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe underwater superoleophobicity of a coating is often caused by its preferential water affinity, which, however, normally weakens the substrate adhesion property. In this work, a new strategy is reported for achieving strong underwater adhesion between a well‐designed amphiphilic polyurethane coating and a diverse range of substrates while also rendering the coating surface's superoleophobicity. When the coating, which is a mixture of an amphiphilic polyurethane and a water miscible solvent, is immersed in water, the hydrophobic segments aggregate to orientate and pile along the surface of substrates via a segment orientation mechanism triggered by solvent exchange with water penetration to exert strong adhesion. At the same time, the hydrophilic segments will physically crosslink to form a hydrogel coating, endowing the substrate with underwater superoleophobicity. This work provides a facile, versatile, and scalable approach for the future design of superoleophobic coatings in a water environment.
Elaborate Size‐Tuning of Silica Aerogel Building Blocks Enables Laser‐Driven Lighting
Authors: Ji Xiaofei , Du Yu , Zhang Xuetong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSilica aerogels with accurate building‐block control are realized by adjusting the surfactant concentration during the synthesis process. The resulting silica‐aerogel monolith with spherical building blocks of ≈24–40 nm, together with a deliberately created hole along the incident light direction, shows an incredibly promising application in monochromatic laser‐driven lighting. The resulting coefficient of illuminance variation is as low as 8.1%, significantly outperforming commercially available ground‐glass diffusers (139.0%) and polymer diffusers (249.1%); the speckle contrast is lower, as well as better, than that can be recognized by the human eye (4%), and the illuminance uniformity in the range of 0.770–0.862 is much better (higher) than that indoor workplace lighting required by the International Organization for Standardization. Lighting with any color in the visible spectrum, including white, can be obtained by using three primary color lasers (450, 532, and 638 nm) with different powers simultaneously as the light source. The resulting silica aerogel, which has excellent thermal stability, high laser‐damage threshold, outstanding mechanical performance, and superhydrophobicity, can be further applied to long‐distance and noncontact laser‐driven lighting in rain or underwater without any additional encapsulation components.
Effect of methanol on surfactants and surfactant–PEO mixtures
Authors: Bibi Iram , Shah Syed Waqar Hussain , Bibi Madeeha , Rehman Wajid , Shah Luqman Ali , Abid Obaid ur Rahman , Khan Wajhia 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMethanol–water system possesses unusual interactions, which may affect surfactant self‐assembly. The main objective of this study was to investigate the interactions and aggregation behavior of ionic surfactants sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and their equimolar catanionic binary mixtures (CAM) and their ternary mixtures with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) in aqueous solutions containing different volume percentages of methanol. Conductometry, surface tensiometry, and dynamic light scattering were employed for this purpose. The aggregation in all the systems showed methanol‐dependent patterns. The maximum shifts observed in the critical aggregation concentrations were 5.5, 2.7, 6.3, 4.1, and 4.4 mM, respectively, for SDS, CTAB, CAM, SDS/PEO, and CTAB/PEO systems for variation in MeOH from 5% to 30% v/v. The change in dielectric of the media and chaotropic nature of methanol was responsible for alteration in self‐assembly. The nature of surfactant especially and head group hydrophobicity also played a significant role in the process. The maximum change in area per molecule (i.e., ~4 nm2) occurred for CTAB/PEO system. The aggregation was delayed in surfactant solutions; however, the presence of polymer induced aggregation due to favorable polymer–surfactant interactions involving the surfactant adsorption onto polymer chains and formation of mixed aggregates. The hydrodynamic radii for CTAB/PEO systems, which were nearly 10 times greater than those recorded for SDS/PEO, showed the transition of system to nonspherical aggregated states. In short, the presence of methanol retarded the aggregation in surfactant and surfactant–polymer systems.
High density polyethylene and metal oxides based nanocomposites for high voltage cable application
Authors: Islam Mobasserul , Rahaman Mostafizur , Aldalbahi Ali , Paikaray Bibhudatta , Moharana Jayakrushna , Mondal Subhadip , Das Narayan Ch. , Gupta Prashant , Giri Radhashyam 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe current research aims to study the influence of loading of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles on the mechanical, electrical, dielectric, thermal and dielectric breakdown strength properties of high density polyethylene (HDPE) specially used for the main insulation in power cables. The HDPE/Al2O3and HDPE/TiO2nanocomposites were prepared by melt blending technique with different ratios of nanoparticles. A modifier was used to reduce the agglomeration of TiO2and Al2O3nanoparticles inside the HDPE matrix. There are improvement in tensile strength (35% and 47.2%), tensile modulus (37.9% and 40.8%), flexural strength (18.8% and 23.1%), flexural modulus (11.2% and 12.4%), impact strength (11.8% and 13.9%), electrical conductivity (102and 104), dielectric constant (80% and 224%), dielectric breakdown strength (35% and 41%), thermal stability (43°C and 34°C), melting point (5.5°C and 5.9°C), hardness (7.3% and 9.4%), and crystallization temperature (3.3°C and 4.2°C) of HDPE/Al2O3and HDPE/TiO2nanocomposites, respectively, after certain loading of both fillers compared to neat HDPE. The elongation at break and crystallinity were reduced after the addition of both nanofillers within the HDPE matrix. Except thermal stability, the titania based nanocomposites exhibited good performance compared to alumina based nanocomposites. Overall, this substantial improvement in results showed that both composites can be used for high voltage cable application.
Sea anemones in the marine aquarium trade: Market preferences indicate opportunities for mariculture and conservation
Authors: Fraser Nicola , Mangubhai Sangeeta , Hall Karina , Scott Anna 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Marine aquarium organisms represent some of the highest value products that can be harvested from coral reefs. Collection is extremely selective, and sea anemones are often targeted, leading to reduced densities and localized extinctions in some locations. Currently, there is a lack of information about species’ popularity and survival in captivity, and consumer attitudes towards sustainability.
This study surveyed aquarists and businesses (n = 445) from 39 countries between February and October 2018 to help fill these knowledge gaps.
Respondent groups indicated similar preferences. The three most desired species were Entacmaea quadricolor, Stichodactyla tapetum and Heteractis magnifica. Size preferences for anemones were typically smaller (tentacle crown diameter of 100–200 mm) than their maximum sizes. Survival time in captivity was generally 12 months or longer, and 20% lived more than 10 years.
Respondents indicated that they would prefer to buy captive‐bred rather than wild‐harvested anemones (aquarists 95%, businesses 94%) and would pay more for the former (aquarists 79%, businesses 70%).
While potential propagation methods have been established for E. quadricolor, other popular anemones within the marine aquarium trade may also be good candidates for captive breeding. Mariculture could provide alternative livelihoods, reduce collection pressure on wild populations and facilitate the recovery and conservation of depleted anemone populations, particularly in developing island nations from where the majority of anemones are currently sourced.
Recent Progress and Perspectives on Alloying Anodes for Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Suo Guoquan , Cheng Yan , Zhang Jiaqi , Ahmed Syed Musab 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPotassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) have been regarded as one of promising alternatives to lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) due to the wide distribution, low‐cost potassium resources and high working voltage. Anode materials play a vital role in the future development of PIBs. Among the various anode materials, alloying anodes such as tin, antimony, phosphorus, bismuth and silicon show promising future and attracted wide attention owning to their wide distributed resources, favorable working voltage, and theoretically high capacities. However, the severe volume expansion during potassiation/depotassiation leads to pulverization and exfoliation from the current collector, resulting in capacity decay of PIBs. Efficient approaches, such as micro‐/nanostructures designing, carbon coating, and optimizing the interface between electrode and electrolyte have been utilized to solve these issues. In the present review, the research progress on alloying anode materials in PIBs is summarized. Considering the synthesis strategies, battery performance, battery working mechanisms, and structure‐performance relationships of these materials, the challenges and future development directions of alloying anode materials are suggested. Herein, we will provide an outlook for the development of high‐performance alloy‐based anode materials for PIBs and also indicate the future direction of electrode materials in PIBs.