bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CYP3A5 Genotype-Dependent Drug-Drug Interaction Between Tacrolimus and Nifedipine in Chinese Renal Transplant Patients
Authors: Yang Yilei , Huang Xin , Shi Yinping , Yang Rui , Shi Haiyan , Yang Xinmei , Hao Guoxiang , Zheng Yi , Wang Jianning , Su Lequn , Li Yan , Zhao Wei 
Published: July 2021

Purpose: The drug-drug interactions (DDIs) of tacrolimus greatly contributed to pharmacokinetic variability. Nifedipine, frequently prescribed for hypertension, is a competitive CYP3A5 inhibitor which can inhibit tacrolimus metabolism. The objective of this study was to investigate whether CYP3A5 genotype could influence tacrolimus-nifedipine DDI in Chinese renal transplant patients.Method: All renal transplant patients were divided into CYP3A5*3/*3 homozygotes (group I) and CYP3A5*1 allele carriers (CYP3A5*1/*1 + CYP3A5*1/*3) (group II). Each group was subdivided into patients taking tacrolimus co-administered with nifedipine (CONF) and that administrated with tacrolimus alone (Controls). Tacrolimus trough concentrations (C0) were measured using high performance liquid chromatography. A retrospective analysis compared tacrolimus dose (D)-corrected trough concentrations (C0) (C0/D) between CONF and Controls in group I and II, respectively. At the same time, a multivariate line regression analysis was made to evaluate the effect of variates on C0/D.Results: In this study, a significant DDI between tacrolimus and nifedipine with respect to the CYP3A5*3 polymorphism was confirmed. In group I (n = 43), the C0/D of CONF was significantly higher than in Controls [225.2 ± 66.3 vs. 155.1 ± 34.6 ng/ml/(mg/kg); p = 0.002]. However, this difference was not detected in group II (n = 27) (p = 0.216). The co-administrated nifedipine and CYP3A5*3/*3 homozygotes significantly increased tacrolimus concentrations in multivariate line regression analysis.Discussion: A CYP3A5 genotype-dependent DDI was found between tacrolimus and nifedipine. Therefore, personalized therapy accounting for CYP3A5 genotype detection as well as therapeutic drug monitoring are necessary for renal transplant patients when treating with tacrolimus and nifedipine.
Intraindividual Doppler Flow Response to Exercise Differs Between Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Achilles Tendons
Authors: Risch Lucie , Stoll Josefine , Schomöller Anne , Engel Tilman , Mayer Frank , Cassel Michael 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveThis study investigated intraindividual differences of intratendinous blood flow (IBF) in response to running exercise in participants with Achilles tendinopathy.DesignThis is a cross-sectional study.SettingThe study was conducted at the University Outpatient Clinic.ParticipantsSonographic detectable intratendinous blood flow was examined in symptomatic and contralateral asymptomatic Achilles tendons of 19 participants (42 ± 13 years, 178 ± 10 cm, 76 ± 12 kg, VISA-A 75 ± 16) with clinically diagnosed unilateral Achilles tendinopathy and sonographic evident tendinosis.InterventionIBF was assessed using Doppler ultrasound “Advanced Dynamic Flow” before (Upre) and 5, 30, 60, and 120 min (U5–U120) after a standardized submaximal constant load run.Main Outcome MeasureIBF was quantified by counting the number (n) of vessels in each tendon.ResultsAt Upre, IBF was higher in symptomatic compared with asymptomatic tendons [mean 6.3 (95% CI: 2.8–9.9) and 1.7 (0.4–2.9), p &lt; 0.01]. Overall, 63% of symptomatic and 47% of asymptomatic Achilles tendons responded to exercise, whereas 16 and 11% showed persisting IBF and 21 and 42% remained avascular throughout the investigation. At U5, IBF increased in both symptomatic and asymptomatic tendons [difference to baseline: 2.4 (0.3–4.5) and 0.9 (0.5–1.4), p = 0.05]. At U30 to U120, IBF was still increased in symptomatic but not in asymptomatic tendons [mean difference to baseline: 1.9 (0.8–2.9) and 0.1 (-0.9 to 1.2), p &lt; 0.01].ConclusionIrrespective of pathology, 47–63% of Achilles tendons responded to exercise with an immediate acute physiological IBF increase by an average of one to two vessels (“responders”). A higher amount of baseline IBF (approximately five vessels) and a prolonged exercise-induced IBF response found in symptomatic ATs indicate a pain-associated altered intratendinous “neovascularization.”
How the Labor Market Affects the Self-Perceived Health of Older Workers. The Evidence From Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs)
Authors: Ucieklak-Jeż Paulina , Bem Agnieszka 
Published: July 2021

Background:The paper aims to analyze the impact of key labor market indicators on the self-assessed health of the population of older workers (aged 55–64).Methods:Authors build the econometric models where the dependent variable is the self-perceived health status (for women and men separately). Explanatory variables are selected key indicators of the labor market, covering unemployment, including long-term, inactivity, or under-employment. The average household income is used to control the effect of wealth. Additionally, the models incorporate the variable describing the proximity of retirement. The research sample consists of nine countries of Central and Eastern Europe: Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Bulgaria, and Romania.Results and Conclusions:The study confirms that in the group of elderly workers, the perceived state of health is influenced by long-term unemployment, inactivity, and, in the case of women, time-related underemployment.
Income, Relative Deprivation and the Self-Rated Health of Older People in Urban and Rural China
Authors: Qin Wenzhe , Xu Lingzhong , Wu Shoucai , Shao Hui 
Published: July 2021

Background: Substantial evidence indicated that absolute income is directly associated with health. Few studies have, however, examined if relative income may be equally associated with health. This study aimed to investigate the association between absolute income/relative deprivation (RD) and self-rated health (SRH). We also investigated whether the urban-rural difference was existing in these associations.Methods: Using cross-sectional data of 7,070 participants in the Shandong Family Health Service Survey of older people, this study applied binary logistic model and semi-parametric model to estimate the effect of absolute income and relative deprivation on SRH of older people. The Kakwani Index was used as a measure of relative deprivation at the individual level.Results: Absolute income has a significant positive effect on the SRH among both urban and rural older people. When considered RD as a variable, both absolute income and RD have negative significant effects on SRH among all older people. In addition, the negative effect of RD on rural elderly is more pronounced than that of urban older populations. Semi-parametric regression results show that there was a complex non-linear relationship between income and SRH. Psychological distress substantially attenuated the association between relative deprivation and SRH.Conclusions: Relative deprivation is negatively associated with self-rated health in both urban and rural older people after controlling the absolute income. RD may partly explain the association between income inequality and worse health status. Compared with the urban elderly, the effect of income-based relative deprivation on SRH was more pronounced among the rural elderly, and more care should be given to the lower income and rural older populations.
Performance of Basic Life Support by Lifeboat Crewmembers While Wearing a Survival Suit and Life Vest: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Venema Allart M. , Sahinovic Marko M. , Ramaker Albert J. D. W. R. , van de Riet Yvette N. , Absalom Anthony R. , Wietasch J. K. Götz 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Crewmembers of the “Royal Netherlands Sea Rescue Institution” (KNRM) lifeboats must wear heavy survival suits with integrated lifejackets. This and the challenging environment onboard (boat movements, limited space) might influence Basic Life Support (BLS) performance. The primary objective of this study was to assess the impact of the protective gear on single-rescuer BLS-quality.Material and Methods: Sixty-five active KNRM crewmembers who had recently undergone a BLS-refresher course were randomized to wear either their protective gear (n = 32) or their civilian clothes (n = 33; control group) and performed five 2-min sessions of single rescuer BLS on a mannequin on dry land. BLS-quality was assessed according to Dutch and European Resuscitation guidelines. A between group analysis (Mann-Whitney U) and a repeated within group analysis of both groups (Friedman test) were performed.Results: There were no major demographic differences between the groups. The protective gear did not significant impair BLS-quality. It was also not associated with a significant increase in the perceived exertion of BLS (Borg's Rating scale). Compression depth, compression frequency, the percentage of correct compression depth and of not leaning on the thorax, and ventilation volumes in both groups were suboptimal when evaluated according to the BLS-guidelines.Conclusions: The protective gear worn by KNRM lifeboat-crewmembers does not have a significant influence on BLS-quality under controlled study conditions. The impact and significance on outcome in real life situations needs to be studied further. This study provides valuable input for optimizing the BLS-skills of lifeboat crewmembers.
Effects of Spatial Resolution on Burned Forest Classification With ICESat-2 Photon Counting Data
Authors: Liu Meng , Popescu Sorin , Malambo Lonesome 
Published: July 2021

Accurately monitoring forest fire activities is critical to understanding carbon dynamics and climate change. Three-dimensional (3D) canopy structure changes caused by fire make it possible to adopt Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) in burned forest classification. This study focuses on the effects of spatial resolution when using LiDAR data to differentiate burned and unburned forests. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) mission provides LiDAR datasets such as the geolocated photon data (ATL03) and the land vegetation height product (ATL08), which were used in this study. The ATL03 data were filtered by two algorithms: the ATL08 algorithm (ILV) and the adaptive ground and canopy height retrieval algorithm (AGCH), producing classified canopy points and ground points. Six typical spatial resolutions: 10, 30, 60, 100, 200, and 250 m were employed to divide the classified photon points into separate segments along the track. Twenty-six canopy related metrics were derived from each segment. Sentinel-2 images were used to provide reference land cover maps. The Random Forest classification method was employed to classify burned and unburned segments in the temperate forest in California and the boreal forest in Alberta, respectively. Both weak beams and strong beams of ICESat-2 data were included in comparisons. Experiment results show that spatial resolution can significantly influence the canopy structures we detected. Classification accuracies increase along with coarser spatial resolutions and saturate at 100 m segment length, with overall accuracies being 79.43 and 92.13% in the temperate forest and the boreal forest, respectively. Classification accuracies based on strong beams are higher than those of using weak beams due to a larger point density in strong beams. The two filtering algorithms present comparable accuracies in burned forest classification. This study demonstrates that spatial resolution is a critical factor to consider when using spaceborne LiDAR for canopy structure characterization and classification, opening an avenue for improved measurement of forest structures and evaluation of terrestrial vegetation responses to climate change.
Lobectomy Can Improve the Survival of Patients With Non-small Cell Lung Cancer With Lung Oligometastatic
Authors: Wang Lingwei , Jiao Fanglei , Dong Lin , Li Qinchuan , Liu Gang , Hu Xuefei 
Published: July 2021

Background: This study was to evaluate the value of lobectomy in the prognosis of Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with primary metastasis based on the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database.Methods: This was a population-based retrospective study and the clinical data were collected from the National Cancer Institute's SEER database between 2010 and 2015. The effects of pulmonary surgery and surgical procedures on lung cancer-specific survival (LCSS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed, and the COX regression models were employed to evaluate the survival of primary surgery in patients with primary metastatic NSCLC (pmNSCLC) and the survival of surgical procedure in pmNSCLC patients.Results: A total of 55,717 patients diagnosed with pmNSCLC between 2010 and 2015 were enrolled, and pulmonary surgery was indicated in 1,575 (2.83%) patients. Surgery was an independent risk factor for LCSS (P &lt; 0.001, HR 0.658, 95%CI: 0.637–0.680) and OS (P &lt; 0.001, HR 0.665, 95%CI: 0.644–0.686) of pmNSCLC patients. The surgery was associated with better OS (P &lt; 0.001, HR 0.678, 95%CI: 0.657–0.699). The site of metastasis was also related to the survival after primary tumor surgery (P = 0.001). As compared to the sublobectomy and pneumonectomy, lobectomy improved the LCSS for NSCLC patients with single-organ metastasis, rather than multiple metastases (P &lt; 0.001). In patients receiving sublobectomy, lobectomy, and pneumonectomy, the median LCSS was 12, 28, and 13 months, respectively, and the 5-year LCSS rate was 14.39, 32.06, and 17.24%, respectively.Conclusion: The effect of locoregional surgery on the survival of pmNSCLC patients with single-organ metastasis has been underestimated, and lobectomy may be a preferred treatment for patients with single-lung metastasis.
Seasonal Evaluation of Freshness Profile of Commercially Important Fish Species
Authors: Cardoso Patrícia G. , Gonçalves Odete , Carvalho Maria F. , Ozório Rodrigo , Vaz-Pires Paulo 
Published: July 2021

Freshness is considered one of the most important parameters to judge the quality of most fish products. In the current study, the seasonality effect on the freshness profile of different economic fish species was evaluated for the first time, using three different approaches (sensory: Quality Index Method (QIM) and European (EC) Scheme; physical: Torrymeter (TRM) values; and microbiological analyses: Total Viable Counts (TVC) and degradative bacteria). Over a year, individuals of farmed fish Sparus aurata and Dicentrarchus labrax, as well as the wild fish Trachurus trachurus, Scomber colias, and Sardina pilchardus, were sampled seasonally for the evaluation of their freshness profile over 10 days on ice. In general, data showed an increase in QIM values, a decline in TRM, and an increase of spoilage bacteria throughout the storage time, revealing a clear temporal degradation of the quality of the fish. Additionally, some signs of seasonality effect could only be observed for some species. For example, the seabass D. labrax showed lower numbers of degradative bacteria in winter than in the other seasons, suggesting a high potential to be marketed in a fresher condition, especially during that season. On the other hand, S. colias showed higher freshness scores (i.e., higher TRM values in spring and autumn and lower numbers of bacteria in summer) from spring to autumn. However, from the five studied species, S. colias presented the lowest freshness values, indicating a higher fragility of this species. This information is extremely relevant for consumers and retailers that want to invest in higher quality products, as they would thus be able to choose certain species in detriment of others. Additionally, obtained data showed that farmed species reached day 10 of storage time with lower values of QIM and microbial counts (cfu), as well as higher values of TRM, in relation to wild species. These results reinforce the idea that farmed fish can, under proper conditions, present high quality/freshness profile.
Room-temperature Bloch oscillations and interminiband Zener tunneling in a GaAs-based narrow-minigap superlattice
Authors: Unuma Takeya , Itagaki Yuto , Asakura Soichiro 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We investigate peculiar Bloch oscillations and interminiband Zener tunneling in a GaAs-based narrow-minigap superlattice up to room temperature, by using terahertz emission spectroscopy under dc bias electric fields. The Bloch oscillations observed previously with a π/2 phase shift at 10 K under relatively low bias fields are found to survive even at 300 K, where thermal energy kT exceeds the relevant minigap (k: Boltzmann constant, T: temperature). Furthermore, the interminiband Zener tunneling under high bias fields leads to a monocyclic terahertz signal with a temperature-dependent subsequent bumpy tail, indicating its occurrence at a few different occasions for Bloch oscillating electrons.
Lecturas transhumanas
Authors: Ramírez-Hernández Adoniram 
Published: July 2021

El poemario muestra una visión estructural dada por la relación entre mensaje y misterio. Se expresa otra necesaria continuidad de la ignorancia histórica que convierte en pedagogías normativas las nuevas ideologías y controvierte la beatitud ontológica. Todo acto de amor es a la vez un misterio y mensaje, iluminado por la experiencia exotérica.
Pentingnya Penelitian Tindakan Kelas Bagi Guru dalam Pembelajaran
Authors: Azizah Anisatul 
Published: July 2021

Classroom action research is scientific activity that done by the teacher in the classroom that use actions to improve the quality of learning. Beside, classroom action research also helps teacher to improve their profesionalism. Classroom action research very important for teacher, because doing the reasearh can solve learning problem that will helpimprove the quality of education in Indonesia.therefore, researchers will discuss about the urgency of doing classroom action research.
Keywords: Classroom action research, teacher, urgency.
RECENT ADVANCEMENT ON ISOLATION, ACTIVATION AND CRYOPRESERVATION OF LYMPH NODE CELLS IN MICE.
Authors: Gupta Seema , Grover Madhuri , Saxena Vasundhara 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
Lymph nodes are found within the body has B, T and other immune cells and help to filter and trap foreign particles. Like any other primary culture lymph node culture would retain many of differentiated characteristics of cells in vivo thus they have potential for acting as alternative method to mammalian model.
For setting up primary lymph node culture in mice different types of lymph nodes were collected from mice followed with isolation, activation and cryopreservation of cells from lymph node. The present review emphasize on various procedures used for isolation, activation and cryopreservation of lymph node cells. Isolation of cells was performed by collagenase digestion, teasing apart of lymph node using dissecting needle or lymph nodes were disrupted between two frosted slides. Concanavalin A have been widely used to stimulate mice lymph node cells. Low dose of Con A have stimulatory effect on T cells but high dose have inhibitory action and caused suppression of proliferation of T cell. Balb/c mice and C57Bl/6 mice were used for different dose of Con A. The addition of cryoprotective agents, e.g.dimethylsulphoxide and careful control of cooling rates affords protection from cell damage during freezing.
Beyaz Yakalı Kadın Yöneticilerin Kariyerlerinde Yükselmelerinin Önündeki Görünmez Engeller
Authors: Fahrioğlu Zelal 
Published: July 2021

İş hayatında bulunan kadın ve erkek oranında farklar bulunmaktadır. Bu oran arasındaki fark özellikle üst yönetim pozisyonlarına doğru çıktıkça daha çok dikkat çekmektedir. Kadınların iş hayatında erkekler kadar aktif bulunmamasının birçok sebebi vardır. Birçok ülkede bu kadın-erkek dağılım oranını daha adil bir hale getirmek için çalışmalar yapılmaktadır. Toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliğinin sağlanması kurumlar için olduğu kadar ülkelerin de kalkınması için önemli bir noktadır. Bu çalışmanın konusu farklı sektörlerde yöneticilik pozisyonunda görev alan yönetici kadınların iş hayatında kendilerinin ve hemcinslerinin karşılaştıkları engelleri ve çalışan diğer kadınların bu engellerle daha az karşılaşmaları için yürüttükleri pozitif ayrımcılık politikalarını araştırmaktır. Bu çalışmada beyaz yakalı kadınların iş dünyasındaki konumları ve iş dünyasındaki kadın emeğinin pozitif gelişimindeki rolleri ve katkılarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın bir diğer amacı da üst düzey yönetici pozisyonuna gelen kadınların yöneticilikleri döneminde alt kademede istihdam edilen kadınların çalışma koşulları ve istihdam edilme oranlarına yönelik pozitif ayrımcılık politikalarını uygulayıp uygulamadıklarının incelenmesidir. Yani erkek yöneticilere göre kadınların istihdamına ve iş yaşamındaki konumlarına farklı perspektifle bakıp bakmadıkları ve bu doğrultuda politikalar uygulayıp uygulamadıkları tartışılmıştır.
Çalışmada, toplumsal cinsiyet, ayrımcılık ve pozitif ayrımcılık kavramlarına dair literatür araştırılması yapılmış olup, kadınların kariyerlerinde yükselmelerinin önündeki engeller araştırılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda en sık karşılaştıkları problem olan cam tavan sendromu ve kraliçe arı sendromuna dair yaklaşımlar aktarılmıştır. Bu çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olan derinlemesine görüşme ve sözlü tarih görüşmesi yöntemlerine başvurulmuştur. Dört ay süren saha çalışmasında İstanbul’da farklı sektörlerde yöneticilik yapan 21 kadın ile görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Katılımcıların belirlenmesinde kartopu yöntemine başvurulmuş ve katılımcılara önceden hazırlanmış 20 tane açık uçlu soru sorulmuştur. Saha çalışması verileri ve farklı sektörlerde üst düzey yönetici rolünde bulunan kadınların, hemcinslerinin çalışma hayatına dair medyadaki retorikleri söylem analizi yöntemi ile incelenmiştir.
Pengaruh Kompensasi dan Disiplin Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Warung Padang Upik
Authors: Cahya Agus Dwi , Damare Ocsalino , Harjo Catur 
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompensasi dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan Warung Padang Upik di kecamatan Sinduadi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Subyek dari penelitian ini adalah karyawan dari Warung Padang Upik di kecamatan Sinduadi. Data primer diperoleh dari kuesioner dengan 30 responden. Kemudian data dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian pada uji t menunjukkan bahwa variabel kompensasi (X1) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap variabel kinerja karyawan (Y) dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000 dan variabel disiplin kerja (X2) tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan (Y) dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,505. Pada hasil uji F kompensasi dan disiplin kerja secara simultan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000.
DE-INTELLIGENCE IN MAINSTREAM CINEMA PRODUCTS
Authors: Босов Дмитрий Вячеславович 
Published: July 2021

Цель статьи: демонстрация процессов деинтеллектуализации в продукции современного мейнстрим-кинематографа. Методы: компаративистский метод, системный анализ. Результаты: выявлены соотношение арт-хауса и мейнстрим-кинематографа, элементы деинтеллектуализации в продукции мейнстрим-кинематографа. Выводы: Необходим инструментарий противодействия деинтеллектуализации кино.
The purpose of the article: demonstration of de-intelligentalization processes in the products of modern mainstream cinema. Methods: comparative method, system analysis. Results: the ratio of art house and mainstream cinema, elements of de-intelligentalization in the production of mainstream cinema were revealed. Conclusions: A toolkit is needed to counter the de-intelligentalization of cinema.