bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep anterior chamber depth may be a risk factor for axial length growth in children
Authors: Cao Huijie , Xiang Yongguo , Cheng Hong , Sun Kexin , Zheng Shijie , Du Miaomiao , Gao Ning , Zhang Tong , Yang Xin , Xia Jiuyi , Wan Wenjuan , Hu Ke 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveTo investigate and evaluate the progression of myopia and associated factors of axial length (AL) growth among children in Chongqing.MethodsThis six-month prospective study was conducted on students in grades 1 to 8 at a school in Chongqing, China. All participants underwent a standard ophthalmologic examination including uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), noncycloplegic refraction, AL, and corneal topography in March 2023. Six months later, the above examinations were repeated to obtain follow-up data. Visual habits questionnaire was gained to analyze the correlation between the AL growth and vision-related behavior.ResultsA total of 417 students from Chongqing were enrolled in this study. The myopia prevalence was higher in follow-up (38.6%) than in baseline (33.3%) and the AL was longer in follow-up than in baseline (23.69 ± 1.03 mm vs. 23.57 ± 1.03 mm, p &lt; 0.001). The anterior chamber depth (ACD) in students with AL growth greater than or equal to 0.2 mm (3.16 ± 0.23 mm) was deeper than that in students with AL growth less than or equal to 0.05 mm (3.02 ± 0.28 mm, p = 0.001), lens thickness (LT) was thinner (3.29 ± 0.10 mm vs. 3.33 ± 0.10 mm, p = 0.004). Furthermore, ACD was positively correlated with AL growth. (r = 0.181, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionCompared to SE, AL serves as a more sensitive indicator for monitoring myopia progression. ACD was positively correlated with AL growth, and deeper ACD may be contributed to longer AL growth.
Never mind the bug: no differences in infection-free survival after periprosthetic joint infections with Staphylococcus aureus, Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, or Streptococcus
Authors: Brüggemann Anders , Hailer Nils P. 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundPeriprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication following arthroplasty of the hip or knee joint and can be challenging to treat, depending on the underlying pathogen. There is still a debate whether streptococcal PJI are more difficult to treat than those caused by staphylococci. We aimed to investigate if the treatment results after PJI caused by Staphylococci aureus (S. aureus), Coagulase-negative Staphylococci spp. (CoNS) or Streptococci differ.Patients and methodsThis study was designed as a retrospective observational study on patients with PJI caused by either streptococci or staphylococci in the hip or knee treated at a tertiary referral center between 1998 and 2021. Patients were identified in the local PJI register and data were collected by medical chart review performed minimum 1 year after the index PJI. Patients with polymicrobial infections or incomplete data were excluded, leaving 299 patients with streptococcal or staphylococcal PJI for final analysis. These patients were categorized according to the underlying pathogen: 114 were S. aureus 121 were CoNS, and 64 Streptococci. Infection-free survival was defined as the absence of (1) further surgery to the index joint due to PJI, (2) suppressive antibiotic therapy, and (3) death due to PJI and was assessed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Cox regression models were fitted to estimate the risk of infection relapse adjusted for relevant confounders.ResultsWe found no statistically or clinically significant difference in unadjusted survival between the three groups. Infection-free survival at 2 years was 71% (95%CI: 63–80) for S. aureus, 75% (95%CI: 67–84) for CoNS, and 60% (95%CI: 60–84) for Streptococci. The adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for the risk of infection relapse with S. aureus as the reference were 1.2 (95%CI: 0.7–2.0) for CoNS and 1.1 (95%CI: 0.6–2.0) for Streptococci. For all three groups of bacteria, survival was lower when DAIR was performed in comparison to exchange surgery.DiscussionIn our cohort, there was no difference in infection-free survival between the three groups. Albeit limitations due to the study design, it seems that streptococcal PJI do not have to be considered more difficult to treat than their staphylococcal counterparts. Exchange surgery shows favorable results in all groups compared to DAIR.
Global glucose metabolism rate as diagnostic marker for disorder of consciousness of patients: quantitative FDG-PET study
Authors: Liu Dongsheng , Wang Nan , Song Ming , Chai Xiaoke , He Qiheng , Cao Tianqing , Kong Dawei , Song Zhuhuan , Zhang Guangming , Liu Lei , Wang Xiaosong , Chen Guoqiang , Yin Shaoya , Yang Yi , Zhao Jizong 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveThis study was to employ 18F-flurodeoxyglucose (FDG-PET) to evaluate the resting-state brain glucose metabolism in a sample of 46 patients diagnosed with disorders of consciousness (DoC). The aim was to identify objective quantitative metabolic indicators and predictors that could potentially indicate the level of awareness in these patients.MethodsA cohort of 46 patients underwent Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) assessments in order to distinguish between the minimally conscious state (MCS) and the unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS). Additionally, resting-state FDG-PET data were acquired from both the patient group and a control group consisting of 10 healthy individuals. The FDG-PET data underwent reorientation, spatial normalization to a stereotaxic space, and smoothing. The normalization procedure utilized a customized template following the methodology outlined by Phillips et al. Mean cortical metabolism of the overall sample was utilized for distinguishing between UWS and MCS, as well as for predicting the outcome at a 1-year follow-up through the application of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.ResultsWe used Global Glucose Metabolism as the Diagnostic Marker. A one-way ANOVA revealed that there was a statistically significant difference in cortical metabolic index between two groups (F(2, 53) = 7.26, p &lt; 0.001). Multiple comparisons found that the mean of cortical metabolic index was significantly different between MCS (M = 4.19, SD = 0.64) and UWS group (M = 2.74, SD = 0.94,p &lt; 0.001). Also, the mean of cortical metabolic index was significantly different between MCS and healthy group (M = 7.88, SD = 0.80,p &lt; 0.001). Using the above diagnostic criterion, the diagnostic accuracy yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.89 across the pooled cohort (95%CI 0.79–0.99). There was an 85% correct classification between MCS and UWS, with 88% sensitivity and 81% specificity for MCS. The best classification rate in the derivation cohort was achieved at a metabolic index of 3.32 (41% of the mean cortical metabolic index in healthy controls).ConclusionOur findings demonstrate that conscious awareness requires a minimum of 41% of normal cortical activity, as indicated by metabolic rates.
Aesthetic evaluation underpinning brand love relationship development: an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis and multivariate analysis
Authors: Watanuki Shinya 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesBrand love is a crucial construct in marketing strategies. Building brand love can generate stable profits for enterprises. Although the marketing literature points out that aesthetic factors contribute to establishing the relationship as a trigger, to what stage of the relationship do they influence the minds of consumers? The present study attempts to reveal the involvement of aesthetic experiences in brand love developmental dynamics.MethodologyUsing the activation likelihood estimation method, we address this issue by assessing overlapping brain regions between brand love at each stage and aesthetic experiences. We adopted three major meta-analytic decoding analysis modules to objectively interpret these brain regions, namely, Neurosynth, NeuroQuery, and the Behavioral Analysis plugin (BrainMap platform). Moreover, we performed a correspondence analysis to identify relationships of mental processes between aesthetic experiences and brand love in each developmental stage of brand love.FindingsOur results suggest that the same neural mechanism and mental processes may be underlaid between brand love and aesthetic experiences across all stages. Although reward- and emotion-related mental processes are commonly underlaid between brand love at the first-half stage and aesthetic experiences, exteroceptive and interoceptive signals may drive those mental processes between the early and migration stages of brand love, respectively, and aesthetic experiences. Overlapping regions of brand love at the stable stage and aesthetic experiences may be associated with semantic processing.ConclusionWe demonstrate that several brain regions overlapped between brand love and aesthetic experiences across all the brand love developmental stages. Therefore, aesthetic experiences might be associated with the mental processes of brand love development through all the developmental stages. Our results suggest that aesthetic experiences are essential elements for developing brand-love relationships.ImplicationsOur findings indicate that marketers should recognize that aesthetic experiences play a crucial role in building a bond between brands and consumers, not only when choosing brands. Thus, marketers need to design visual strategies from the view of nurturing brand-love relationships.
Therapeutic dose prediction using score-based diffusion model for pretreatment patient-specific quality assurance
Authors: Yu Xiuwen , Lin Jiabin , Gong Changfei , Zhang Minhui , Luo Xianyu , Liu Qiegen , Zhang Yun 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesImplementing pre-treatment patient-specific quality assurance (prePSQA) for cancer patients is a necessary but time-consuming task, imposing a significant workload on medical physicists. Currently, the prediction methods used for prePSQA fall under the category of supervised learning, limiting their generalization ability and resulting in poor performance on new data. In the context of this work, the limitation of traditional supervised models was broken by proposing a conditional generation method utilizing unsupervised diffusion model.MethodsA conditional generation method base on the score-based diffusion model was proposed, which employed diffusion model for the first time to predict the predict patients’ therapeutic doses (TherapDose). The proposed diffusion model TherapDose prediction method (DMTP) learns the data distribution of dose images. The data distribution contains the quantitative relationship between the radiotherapy dose (RTDose) derived from the VMAT plan files of the Treatment Planning System (TPS) and the measured Dose (MDose, i.e., TherapDose) obtained from the Dolphin Compass physical system. By sampling from the learnt distribution, efficient prediction of TherapDose was achieved. The training dataset comprises RTDose, and the MDose. The three-dimensional information of dose slice was utilized to predict TherapDose, aiming to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of TherapDose prediction. Root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and structural similarity (SSIM) metrics were leveraged to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Meanwhile, CT images were further added to test the impacts of CT images on the prediction effect of MDose.ResultsThe DMTP method has demonstrated superior performance in predicting TherapDose within key anatomical regions including the head and neck, chest, and abdomen, outperforming existing state-of-the-art methods by achieving high-quality predictions as measured across different evaluation metrics. It indicates that the proposed method is highly effective and accurate in its dose prediction capabilities.ConclusionsThe proposed method has proven to be highly effective, consistently outperforming state-of-the-art techniques in MDose prediction across multiple anatomical regions and evaluation metrics. This method can serve as a clinical aid to assist medical physicists in diminishing the measurement workload associated with prePSQA.
Unveiling the role of ASPP1 in cancer progression: pan-cancer bioinformatics and experimental validation in colorectal cancer
Authors: Xiao Keyuan , Li Xiang , Ullah Ihsan , Hu Wenqing , Wang Kaiqiang , Yang Fan , Yang Chengyu , Feng Chunqi , Zong Liang , Li Xinghua 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe Apoptosis-Stimulating Protein of P53 (ASPP) family contributes to apoptosis regulation and tumor suppression, with ASPP1 influencing processes like cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Its expression varies across cancer types, suggesting a potential role in oncogenesis.MethodsThis study investigates ASPP1’s role across various cancers using a comprehensive bioinformatics approach. Data were extracted from public resources, including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), GTEx, and the Human Protein Atlas, and analyzed via tools such as cBioPortal, GEPIA, and TIMER2. Statistical and network analyses were performed with R, Cytoscape, and Hiplot. ASPP1’s function in colorectal cancer was further explored through in vitro assays, including qRT-PCR, Western blotting, colony formation, Transwell, and wound healing.ResultsASPP1 expression exhibited significant variability across different cancer types, with marked associations with patient outcomes, particularly overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) across several cancer types. In-depth protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis revealed ASPP1’s involvement in apoptosis and cancer progression networks. Functional enrichment analysis further linked ASPP1 to key apoptotic signaling pathways and transcriptional regulatory processes, underscoring its potential impact on tumor biology. Additionally, the expression of ASPP1 correlates with immune cell infiltration patterns, including cancer-associated fibroblasts and various immune markers, suggesting roles in immune response modulation. In vitro assays with colorectal cancer cell lines revealed significantly lower ASPP1 expression levels compared to normal colon cells (HCM460), and ASPP1 overexpression experiments showed a marked reduction in colorectal cancer cell proliferation, colony formation, invasion, and migration abilities. These cellular findings align with the bioinformatics predictions, highlighting ASPP1’s role as a suppressor of metastatic traits in colorectal cancer.ConclusionThis study highlights ASPP1 as a forecasting biomarker in the colorectal cancers and potentially across other cancers. The findings support ASPP1’s involvement in tumor biology, particularly regarding cell proliferation and metastatic potential, establishing a foundation for further investigation into its therapeutic relevance.
Efficacy, safety, and therapeutic drug monitoring of polymyxin B sulfate and colistin sulfate in critically ill patients: a real-world retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Yijing , Wang Chuhui , Chen Jiaojiao , Bai Chuqi , Sun Dan , Qiu Yulan , Teng Mengmeng , Dong Yalin 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundPolymyxin B sulfate (PBS) and colistin sulfate (CS) are the last-line treatments for infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, but their efficacy and safety have not been validated. The aims of the current study were to (1) determine their efficacy and safety among critically ill patients and the influencing factors, and (2) determine the relationships of drug exposure with efficacy and safety, to provide evidence for the precision dosing.MethodThis retrospective study included 100 critically ill patients treated with PBS and 80 treated with CS. The efficacy outcomes were clinical efficacy and 30-day mortality, while the safety indicator was acute kidney injury (AKI) incidence.ResultThere was no significant difference between the two drugs in clinical efficacy, 30-day mortality, or overall AKI incidence, but the incidence of stage 3 AKI was significantly higher in the PBS cohort than the CS cohort. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and trough concentration (Cmin) were significantly associated with clinical efficacy and AKI in both cohorts. Classification and regression tree analysis revealed that Cmin values of ≥0.91 mg/L for PBS and Cmin ≥ 0.53 mg/L for CS were associated with higher clinical efficacy.ConclusionThere is basically no significant difference in the efficacy and safety of PBS and CS. TDM can significantly improve the clinical efficacy of both drugs and reduce the incidence of AKI. TDM is therefore recommended to improve the clinical efficacy while reducing the adverse reactions.
Antithrombotic therapy for a case report of acute myocardial infarction after laparoscopic radical cystectomy
Authors: Wang Zilong , Yuan Huisheng , Chu Junhao , Duan Shishuai , Zhang Zhihui , Song Changze , Wang Muwen 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundRadical cystectomy constitutes the standard therapeutic approach for high-risk urothelial carcinomas of the bladder. Contemporary guidelines advise urologists to discontinue anticoagulation therapy during the perioperative period to mitigate the risk of significant intraoperative or postoperative hemorrhage. Nevertheless, in elderly patients with a history of coronary artery disease, the cessation of anticoagulant medication elevates the risk of acute myocardial infarction, thereby posing a substantial threat to their survival. Therefore, the necessity and optimal strategy for anticoagulation therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction following radical cystectomy remains a subject of ongoing debate. This study aims to contribute clinical insights for clinicians to manage high-risk patients with acute myocardial infarction post-major surgery.Methods and resultsThe 64-year-old male patient was admitted for multiple high-grade urothelial carcinomas of the bladder. The preoperative computed tomography angiography revealed intra-luminal stenosis of the coronary arteries. However, the patient declined further assessment via preoperative coronary angiography, thereby precluding the accurate prediction of postoperative myocardial infarction risk. The patient subsequently underwent laparoscopic radical cystectomy with Bricker conduit urinary diversion and the postoperative pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of high-grade urothelial carcinoma (T1N0M0, G3). Regrettably, on the first postoperative day, the patient experienced an acute anterior wall ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Consequently, the patient underwent emergency percutaneous coronary intervention and was administered dual antiplatelet therapy consisting of aspirin and ticagrelor. The daily pelvic fluid drainage, routine blood and coagulation parameters remained within normal ranges. Following the second percutaneous coronary intervention and dual antiplatelet therapy, the patient was discharged after 2 days. Over a 3-year follow-up period, all hematological parameters consistently remained within normal ranges, and there were no incidents of bleeding or anastomotic leakage.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that postoperative percutaneous coronary intervention, in conjunction with continued dual antiplatelet therapy, is a safe and effective antithrombotic strategy for managing perioperative acute myocardial infarction. This finding suggests a potential paradigm shift in the management of antithrombotic therapy for high-risk surgical patients, advocating for a tailored approach rather than the routine discontinuation of such therapy.
Research progress on the synthesis process, detection method, pharmacological effects and application of glycocholic acid
Authors: Li Jiahui , Zhang Chungang , Wang Yang , Tian Minyuan , Xie Chao , Hu Heng 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveThis review aims to summarize the research progress of glycocholic acid to promote its broader development and application.MethodsThis article collects relevant literature from databases such as Science Direct, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar and CNKI from the establishment to 2024, systematically organizing and analyzing aspects of glycocholic acid including its physicochemical properties, synthesis and extraction techniques, detection methods, pharmacological effects, mechanisms of action, clinical research, and application as an excipient.ResultsGlycocholic acid, as a key conjugated component in bile acids, exhibits various pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Nevertheless, current research on glycocholic acid is insufficient, with synthesis techniques requiring improvement, limited application of detection technologies, and a need for in-depth exploration of its pharmacological mechanisms. Due to its amphiphilic molecular structure, glycocholic acid is primarily used as a pharmaceutical excipient.ConclusionThis review summarizes the existing research on glycocholic acid, indicating that future research should strengthen work in this field, including improving synthesis processes and enhancing the sensitivity of detection technologies, to provide a scientific basis for the development of new formulations and drug combinations, thereby promoting the advancement of traditional Chinese medicine.
Exploring perceived barriers and attitudes in young adults towards antidepressant pharmacotherapy, including the implementation of pharmacogenetic testing to optimize prescription practices
Authors: Roberts Bradley , Cooper Zahra , Landery Georgia , Stanley Susanne , Majda Bernadette T. , Collins Khan R. L. , Akkari P. Anthony , Hood Sean D. , Rodger Jennifer 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThe field of pharmacogenetics (PGx) is experiencing significant growth, with increasing evidence to support its application in psychiatric care, suggesting its potential to personalize treatment plans, optimize medication efficacy, and reduce adverse drug reactions. However, the perceived utility and practicability of PGx for psychiatric treatment in youth remains underexplored. This study investigated perceived barriers and attitudes in Australian young adults towards the implementation of PGx testing to guide antidepressant treatment in primary care.MethodsSemi-structured focus groups and interviews were conducted with 17 participants aged between 18 and 24 years. These sessions were recorded and transcribed before thematic analysis was used to identify collective themes.ResultsThree key themes were identified, including attitudes towards the medication prescription process, concerns and attitudes towards PGx testing, and perceived barriers to its clinical implementation. Although PGx testing was positively perceived by most participants, all participants shared concerns about PGx testing. Participants voiced concerns about the financial impact of PGx testing, the potential for treatment delays, and the accuracy of PGx testing in guiding antidepressant treatment. Additionally, participants noted that the low awareness and willingness of general practitioners to incorporate PGx testing into routine practice could hinder successful clinical implementation.DiscussionPrior to the implementation of PGx testing into Australian primary practices, it is essential to acknowledge patient perspectives and ensure that clinical practices remain patient-focused. This study highlights important considerations for integrating PGx testing into antidepressant pharmacotherapy and emphasizes the need for future research to address and mitigate the perceived barriers of young adults.