bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systemic reactions to subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy: real-world cause and effect modelling
Authors: Aue Adam , Ho Joella , Zhu Rongbo , Kim Harold , Jeimy Samira 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) is an effective treatment for allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. However, adverse events, including life-threatening systemic reactions, may occur. The purpose of this project is to identify risk factors for systemic reactions to SCIT and to provide practice-based solutions using a quality improvement (QI) framework.

Methods
A QI initiative was performed in a hospital-based, Canadian Allergy clinic administering SCIT in a 12-month period.

Results
A total of 4242 injections of SCIT were performed over a period of 12 months. Of these, 10 injections resulted in a systemic reaction requiring epinephrine administration (i.e., an incidence of 1 in 424 injections, or 0.24%). Eight patients had at least one documented risk factor for a systemic reaction, and six had multiple risk factors. Major risk factors included seasonal exacerbation of allergic rhinitis, uncontrolled asthma, and an error in route of administration. All reactions occurred with the highest allergen extract concentration.

Conclusion
This QI initiative highlights the need for improved patient and health care practitioner education and pre-administration screening. We suggest several considerations for SCIT administration: provide patients with written information on safety; screen patients before injections, including a review of treatment plan adherence and asthma control; adjust dosing to slow down buildup of the most concentrated immunotherapy extract, particularly in high risk patients; and apply additional safety measures in patients with multiple risk factors.
A novel therapeutic approach for inflammatory bowel disease by exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells to repair intestinal barrier via TSG-6
Authors: Yang Shaopeng , Liang Xiaonan , Song Jia , Li Chenyang , Liu Airu , Luo Yuxin , Ma Heran , Tan Yi , Zhang Xiaolan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Exosomes as the main therapeutic vectors of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treatment and its mechanism remain unexplored. Tumor necrosis factor-α stimulated gene 6 (TSG-6) is a glycoprotein secreted by MSC with the capacities of tissue repair and immune regulation. This study aimed to explore whether TSG-6 is a potential molecular target of exosomes derived from MSCs (MSCs-Exo) exerting its therapeutic effect against colon inflammation and repairing mucosal tissue.

Methods
Two separate dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced IBD mouse models were intraperitoneally administered MSCs-Exo extracted from human umbilical cord MSC (hUC-MSC) culture supernatant. Effects of MSCs-Exo on intestinal inflammation, colon barrier function, and proportion of T cells were investigated. We explored the effects of MSCs-Exo on the intestinal barrier and immune response with TSG-6 knockdown. Moreover, recombinant human TSG-6 (rhTSG-6) was administered exogenously and colon inflammation severity in mice was evaluated.

Results
Intraperitoneal injection of MSCs-Exo significantly ameliorated IBD symptoms and reduced mortality rate. The protective effect of MSCs-Exo on intestinal barrier was demonstrated evidenced by the loss of goblet cells and intestinal mucosa permeability, thereby improving the destruction of tight junctions (TJ) structures and microvilli, as well as increasing the expression of TJ proteins. Microarray analysis revealed that MSCs-Exo administration downregulated the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and upregulated the anti-inflammatory cytokine in colon tissue. MSCs-Exo also modulated the response of Th2 and Th17 cells in the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN). Reversely, knockdown of TSG-6 abrogated the therapeutic effect of MSCs-Exo on mucosal barrier maintenance and immune regulation, whereas rhTSG-6 administration showed similar efficacy to that of MSCs-Exo.

Conclusions
Our findings suggested that MSCs-Exo protected against IBD through restoring mucosal barrier repair and intestinal immune homeostasis via TSG-6 in mice.
Intraoperative visualization of nerves using a myelin protein-zero specific fluorescent tracer
Authors: Buckle Tessa , Hensbergen Albertus. W. , van Willigen Danny M. , Bosse Frank , Bauwens Kevin , Pelger Rob C. M. , van Leeuwen Fijs W. B. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Surgically induced nerve damage is a common but debilitating side effect in oncological surgery. With the aim to use fluorescence guidance to enable nerve-sparing interventions in future surgery, a fluorescent tracer was developed that specifically targets myelin protein zero (P0).

Results
Truncated homotypic P0 protein-based peptide sequences were C-terminally functionalized with the far-red cyanine dye Cy5. The lead compound Cy5-P0101–125 was selected after initial solubility, (photo)physical and in vitro evaluation (including P0-blocking experiments). Cy5-P0101–125 (KD = 105 ± 17 nM) allowed in vitro and ex vivo P0-related staining. Furthermore, Cy5-P0101–125 enabled in vivo fluorescence imaging of the Sciatic nerve in mice after local intravenous (i.v.) administration and showed compatibility with a clinical fluorescence laparoscope during evaluation in a porcine model undergoing robot-assisted surgery. Biodistribution data revealed that i.v. administered [111In]In-DTPA-P0101–125 does not enter the central nervous system (CNS).

Conclusion
P0101–125 has proven to be a potent nerve-specific agent that is able to target P0/myelin under in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo conditions without posing a threat for CNS-related toxicity.
Overcoming COVID-19 in China despite shortcomings of the public health system: what can we learn?
Authors: Wang Mei Mei , Fleßa Steffen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background and objective
The COVID-19 pandemic started in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Although there are some doubts about the reporting of cases and deaths in China, it seems that this country was able to control the epidemic more effectively than many other countries. In this paper, we would like to analyze the measures taken in China and compare them with other countries in order to find out what they can learn from China.

Methods
We develop a system dynamics model of the COVID-19 pandemic in Wuhan. Based on a number of simulations we analyze the impact of changing parameters, such as contact rates, on the development of a second wave.

Results
Although China’s health care system seems to be poorly financed and inefficient, the epidemic was brought under control in a comparably short period of time and no second wave was experienced in Wuhan until today. The measures to contain the epidemic do not differ from what was implemented in other countries, but China applied them very early and rigorously. For instance, the consequent implementation of health codes and contact-tracking technology contributed to contain the disease and effectively prevented the second and third waves.

Conclusions
China’s success in fighting COVID-19 is based on a very strict implementation of a set of measures, including digital management. While other countries discuss relaxing the lock-down at a rate of 50 per 100,000 inhabitants, China started local lock-downs at a rate of 3 per 100,000. We call for a public debate whether this policy would be feasible for more liberal countries as well.
Impact of the 2014 coinsurance rate revision for the elderly on healthcare resource utilization in Japan
Authors: Nishi Takumi , Maeda Toshiki , Katsuki Susumu , Babazono Akira 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Cost sharing, including copayment and coinsurance, is often used to contain medical expenditure by decreasing unnecessary or excessive use of healthcare resources. Previous studies in Japan have reported the effects of a coinsurance rate reduction for healthcare from 30 to 10% on the demand for healthcare among 70–74-year-old individuals. However, the coinsurance rate for this age group has recently increased from 10 to 20%. This study aimed to estimate the economic impact of coinsurance rate revision on healthcare resource utilization.

Methods
We collected claims data from beneficiaries of the municipality National Health Insurance and the Japanese Health Insurance Association in Fukuoka Prefecture. We categorized subjects born between March 2, 1944 and April 1, 1944 into the 20% coinsurance rate reduction group and those born between April 2, 1944 and May 1, 1944 into the 10% reduction group. An interrupted time-series analysis for multiple groups was employed to compare healthcare resource utilization trends before and after coinsurance rate reduction at 70 years.

Results
The 10% coinsurance rate reduction led to a significant increase in healthcare expenditure for outpatient care. The 20% reduction group showed a significantly sharper increase in healthcare expenditure for outpatient care than the 10% reduction group. Similarly, the 10% coinsurance group significantly increased in the number of ambulatory visits. The 20% coinsurance rate reduction group had more frequent ambulatory care visits than the 10% reduction group.

Conclusions
These results suggest that increasing the coinsurance rate among the elderly would reduce outpatient healthcare resource utilization; however, it would not necessarily reduce overall healthcare resource utilization.
Using the MEAT VBP Framework to analyse and understand the value of surgical gloves: an explanatory case study
Authors: Stanberry Benedict , Bothma Gerhard , Harrison Katie 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundValue-based healthcare is being extensively piloted, scaled and implemented by healthcare providers and systems around the world. However, the ability of the healthcare supply chain function to strategically contribute to the improvement of value has been held back by a lack of practical tools for turning value-based procurement from concept into action. Two recently developed conceptual models – the American CQO Movement and the European MEAT VBP Framework – have been developed to support the implementation of value-based procurement in healthcare. We demonstrate how the latter of these models can be adapted and applied pragmatically to generate insights into the value of a specific medical device, technology or consumable.MethodsWe undertook an explanatory, qualitative, single-case study focused on a specific consumable – surgical gloves – that provide a critical example of a type of medical device usually procured in high volumes but at risk of commoditisation due to a widespread lack of understanding of their value. Since the global Covid-19 pandemic prevented fieldwork, structured interviews were conducted via Zoom and corroborated by a literature review.ResultsWe identified ten cost criteria and eight outcome criteria with which the value of surgical gloves can be analysed and understood. For each of these criteria we propose definitions and value impact metrics that decision-makers can use during a procurement exercise to describe, quantify and compare glove value.ConclusionThe MEAT VBP Framework provides a highly practical and adaptable means of imposing both structure and rigour on a value analysis process and of qualitatively describing the potential value impact of surgical gloves for patients, professionals, providers and health systems.
Determinants of household electricity consumption in Greece: a statistical analysis
Authors: Kotsila Dimitra , Polychronidou Persefoni 
Published: July 2021

AbstractOver the last decades, the contemporary way of living, as well as the technology development, has increased the household electricity consumption. The excessive use of electricity has a negative impact on the environment, increasing the carbon footprint and contributing to the climate change. Governments are more and more concerned about the way our societies consume energy and are committed to reduce the greenhouse emissions. As the residential sector contributes significantly to energy use, it is crucial to investigate the socio-economic parameters, dwellings’ characteristics, and climate conditions that determine the electricity consumption in households. The data of this study are collected from 1801 dwellings from all regions of Greece and two statistical models are built. Both of them conclude that the most significant determinants influencing the electricity consumption are the number of occupants, the size of the dwelling, the heating type, the heating and cooling hours, and the weather conditions.
Where to from here? Identifying and prioritising future directions for addressing drug-resistant infection in Australia
Authors: Merlo Gregory , Avent Minyon , Yarwood Trent , Smith Bonnie , van Driel Mieke , Hall Lisa 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe Australian National Antimicrobial Resistance Strategy calls for a collaborative effort to change practices that have contributed to the development of drug-resistance and for implementation of new initiatives to reduce antibiotic use.MethodsA facilitated workshop was undertaken at the 2019 National Australian Antimicrobial Resistance Forum to explore the complexity of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) implementation in Australia and prioritise future action. Participants engaged in rotating rounds of discussion using a world café format addressing six topics relating to AMS implementation. Once all tables had discussed all themes the discussion concluded and notes were summarised. The documents were independently openly coded by two researchers to identify elements relating to the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship.ResultsThere were 39 participants in the facilitated discussions, including pharmacists, infectious disease physicians, infection prevention nurses, and others. Participants discussed strategies they had found successful, including having a regular presence in clinical areas, adapting messaging and implementation strategies for different disciplines, maintaining positivity, and being patient-focused. Many of the recommendations for the next step involved being patient focussed and outcomesdriven. This involves linking data to practice, using patient stories, using data to celebrate wins and creating incentives.DiscussionRecommendations from the workshop should be included in priority setting for the implementation of AMS initiatives across Australia.
Cangrelor ameliorates CLP-induced pulmonary injury in sepsis by inhibiting GPR17
Authors: Luo Qiancheng , Liu Rui , Qu Kaili , Liu Guorong , Hang Min , Chen Guo , Xu Lei , Jin Qinqin , Guo Dongfeng , Kang Qi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Sepsis is a common complication of severe wound injury and infection, with a very high mortality rate. The P2Y12 receptor inhibitor, cangrelor, is an antagonist anti-platelet drug.

Methods
In our study, we investigated the protective mechanisms of cangrelor in CLP-induced pulmonary injury in sepsis, using C57BL/6 mouse models.

Results
TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) and Masson staining showed that apoptosis and fibrosis in lungs were alleviated by cangrelor treatment. Cangrelor significantly promoted surface expression of CD40L on platelets and inhibited CLP-induced neutrophils in Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) (p < 0.001). We also found that cangrelor decreased the inflammatory response in the CLP mouse model and inhibited the expression of inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β (p  < 0.01), IL-6 (p < 0.05), and TNF-α (p < 0.001). Western blotting and RT-PCR showed that cangrelor inhibited the increased levels of G-protein-coupled receptor 17 (GPR17) induced by CLP (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Our study indicated that cangrelor repressed the levels of GPR17, followed by a decrease in the inflammatory response and a rise of neutrophils in BALF, potentially reversing CLP-mediated pulmonary injury during sepsis.
Inflammation-related genes S100s, RNASE3, and CYBB and risk of leukemic transformation in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome with myelofibrosis
Authors: Hong Minghua , Wu Junqing , Ma Lifeng , Han Xiaoping , Lu Ting , Wang Zhaoming , Zhao Jing , Liu Lizhen , Fu Huarui , Huang Weijia , Zheng Weiyan , He Jingsong , Wei Guoqing , Wang Huanping , Chen Zhimei , Huang He , Cai Zhen , Guo Guoji , Sun Jie 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMyelodysplastic syndrome with myelofibrosis (MDS-MF) has been associated with an inferior prognosis compared with MDS without MF. However, MDS-MF is not listed independently as a subtype of MDS, and its clinical and genetic characteristics remain poorly understood. We retrospectively compared 53 patients with MDS-MF (44 MF grade 1/MF1; 9 MF grade 2–3/MF2 − 3) and 31 with de novo MDS without MF (MDS). The leukemic transformation risks of both MDS-MF2 − 3 and MDS-MF1 were increased compared with the MDS group. To identify the potential mechanisms responsible for the leukemic transformation of MDS-MF, we performed single-cell sequencing for one MDS-MF2 − 3 patient before and after leukemic transformation to explore the variations in gene expression levels. In addition to upgraded expression levels of acute myeloid leukemia-related genes during leukemic transformation, expression levels of some inflammation-related genes (such as S100s, RNASE3, and CYBB) were also increased, and inflammation-related pathways were up-regulated. These results suggest that inflammation-related genes and pathways may play an important role in the leukemic transformation of MDS-MF.
Elemental and isotopic compositions in blank filters collecting atmospheric particulates
Authors: Lee Jiyeong , Ryu Jong-Sik , Jeong Seok , Kim Jeonghoon , Jeong Hyeryeong , Ra Kongtae , Yang Minjune , Chang Hye Jung 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
The atmospheric particulates can be harmful to human health due to toxic substances sorbed onto particulates. Although the atmospheric particulates have been collected using different types of filters, few studies have reported background contents of major and trace element, and isotopic compositions in the blank filters used for collecting the particulates yet. Here, we first report background contents of major and trace elements, and isotopic compositions (Zn and Pb isotopes) in the blank filters. Then, we evaluate the best type of filter for elemental and isotope analyses in the particulates.

Findings
The contents of major elements are the lowest in the PTFE filter and become higher in the order of the Nylon, NC, and GF filters, indicating that either PTFE and/or Nylon filters are the most suitable for major element analysis in the atmospheric particulates. Likewise, the contents of trace elements are the lowest in the PTFE filter and become much higher in the order of the Nylon, NC, and GF filters, indicating that PTFE filter is the most suitable for trace element analysis in the atmospheric particulates. Otherwise, background elemental contents result in overestimating their concentrations in the atmospheric particulates. All δ66ZnJMC-Lyon values in two GF filters are within those from samples of the Chinese deserts and of the Chinese Loess Plateau. Likewise, their 206Pb/204Pb ratios are similar with those of samples from Xi’an and Beijing, indicating that the GF filter is not suitable for Zn and Pb isotope study in the atmospheric particulates.

Conclusions
This study suggests that the PTFE filter is the most suitable for elemental and isotope study in the atmospheric particulates and that the GF filter cannot be used for source identification in the atmospheric particulates using Zn and Pb isotopes.
Preferences in Oncology History Documentation Styles Among Clinical Practitioners
Authors: Martin Daniel B. , Stetson Peter D. , Gilcrease G. Weldon , Stillman Robert C. , Sugalski Jessica M. , Skinner Jack , Levy Mia 
Published: July 2021

PURPOSE: Clinical notes function as the de facto handoff between providers and assume great importance during unplanned medical encounters. An organized and thorough oncology history is essential in care coordination. We sought to understand reader preferences for oncology history organization by comparing between chronologic and narrative formats. METHODS: A convenience sample of 562 clinicians from 19 National Comprehensive Cancer Network Member Institutions responded to a survey comparing two formats of oncology histories, narrative and chronologic, for the same patient. Both histories were consensus-derived real-world examples. Each history was evaluated using semantic differential attributes ( thorough, useful, organized, comprehensible, and succinct). Respondents choose a preference between the two styles for history gathering and as the basis of a new note. Open-ended responses were also solicited. RESULTS: Respondents preferred the chronologic over the narrative history to prepare for a visit with an unknown patient (66% preference) and as a basis for their own note preparation (77% preference) ( P < .01). The chronologic summary was preferred in four of the five measured attributes ( useful, organized, comprehensible, and succinct); the narrative summary was favored for thoroughness ( P < .01). Open-ended responses reflected the attribute scoring and noted the utility of content describing social determinants of health in the narrative history. CONCLUSION: Respondents of this convenience sample preferred a chronologic oncology history to a concise narrative history. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal structure and content of chronologic documentation for oncology patients and the provider effort to use this format.
Targeted mass spectrometry for monitoring of neural differentiation
Authors: Sucha Rita , Kubickova Martina , Cervenka Jakub , Hruska-Plochan Marian , Bohaciakova Dasa , Vodickova Kepkova Katerina , Novakova Tereza , Budkova Katerina , Susor Andrej , Marsala Martin , Motlik Jan , Kovarova Hana , Vodicka Petr 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
Human multipotent neural stem cells could effectively be used for the treatment of a variety of neurological disorders. However, a defining signature of neural stem cell lines that would be expandable, non-tumorigenic, and differentiate into desirable neuronal/glial phenotype after in vivo grafting is not yet defined. Employing a mass spectrometry approach, based on selected reaction monitoring, we tested a panel of well-described culture conditions, and measured levels of protein markers routinely used to probe neural differentiation, i.e. POU5F1 (OCT4), SOX2, NES, DCX, TUBB3, MAP2, S100B, GFAP, GALC, and OLIG1. Our multiplexed assay enabled us to simultaneously identify the presence of pluripotent, multipotent, and lineage-committed neural cells, thus representing a powerful tool to optimize novel and highly specific propagation and differentiation protocols. The multiplexing capacity of this method permits the addition of other newly identified cell type-specific markers to further increase the specificity and quantitative accuracy in detecting targeted cell populations. Such an expandable assay may gain the advantage over traditional antibody-based assays, and represents a method of choice for quality control of neural stem cell lines intended for clinical use.