bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of using WeChat to improve infant and young child feeding in rural areas in China: A mixed quantitative and qualitative study
Authors: Wu Qiong , Huang Yiwen , Helena van Velthoven Michelle , Wang Wei , Chang Suying , Zhang Yanfeng 
Published: February 2021

Background
Appropriate infant and young child feeding practices are the basis for child nutrition. In China, WeChat is gradually changing the channels through which people receive information. The paper aims to explore the feasibility of using WeChat to improve infant and young child feeding in rural China.

Methods
A mixed-methods study was carried out in Huzhu County, Qinghai province, China. We conducted two cross-sectional surveys with children aged 6–23 months and their caregivers in 2012 (N = 1804) and 2018 (N = 754), respectively. Quantitative data were collected on feeding knowledge and practices, caregiver’s use of smartphones and WeChat. Qualitative data were from 33 semi-structured interviews with pregnant women and mothers. In addition, we developed a WeChat feeding health education platform and asked women about their experiences with using it.

Results
In both cross-sectional surveys, less than 10% of caregivers knew that breastfeeding can be continued up to two years, less than 50% knew the accurate duration of exclusive breastfeeding, and only around 20% knew meat can be given to children from the age of 6–8 months. Similarly, the feeding practices were suboptimal and most key infant feeding practices did not change over the years. Only around 30% of caregivers ever received feeding information during pregnancy or after delivery in both surveys. Around 50% of caregivers received information from their relatives and friends, followed by 30% from health facilities and communities. More than 80% of mothers were currently using both a smartphone and the WeChat app, and 75.4% of them were willing to receive feeding information from WeChat official accounts. The WeChat feeding health education platform developed by our study team was generally well accepted by women.

Conclusions
There was an absence of accurate information sources on infant feeding and child nutrition. WeChat could be a potential way to deliver infant feeding recommendations to pregnant women and mothers in rural China.

Trial registration
ChiCTR-PRC-11001446 (The controlled intervention trial for complementary food supplements “Yingyangbao”); ChiCTR1800017364 (the randomized controlled trial for WeChat)
Translation, validation and psychometric evaluation of the Persian (Farsi) version of the Low Anterior Resection Syndrome Score (LARS-P)
Authors: Keramati Mohammad Reza , Abbaszadeh-Kasbi Ali , Keshvari Amir , Ahmadi-Tafti Seyed Mohsen , Behboudi Behnam , Kazemeini Alireza , Fazeli Mohammad Sadegh 
Published: February 2021

Introduction
Low anterior resection (LAR) for rectal cancer affects bowel function after the operation, causing a group of symptoms known as LAR Syndrome (LARS). LARS score is a patient-reported questionnaire to assess bowel dysfunction after the LAR operation. This study performed to validate the Persian (Farsi) translation of the LARS score and to investigate the psychometric properties of the score. The impact of LARS on the Quality of Life (QoL) of patients was also assessed.

Materials and methods
The LARS score was translated into Persian. Participants with a history of rectal cancer and low anterior resection were asked to complete the LARS score questionnaire. They were also asked a single question evaluating the impact of bowel function on QoL. Discriminative validity, convergent validity, sensitivity, and specificity of the questionnaire were calculated. A group of patients completed the score twice to assess the reliability of the questionnaire.

Results
From 358 patients with rectal cancer, 101 participants completed the Persian questionnaire. Answers of a high fraction of participants showed a moderate/perfect fit between their LARS score and their QoL. The Persian score demonstrated good convergent validity. It was able to differentiate between participants in terms of gender and T staging of the primary tumor. The score had high reliability.

Conclusion
The Persian translation of the LARS score has excellent psychometric properties compared to previous translations in other languages. Therefore, it is a valid and reliable questionnaire to assess LARS.
Resilience, vulnerability and adaptability: A qualitative study of COVID-19 lockdown experiences in two Henan villages, China
Authors: Tan Xiao , Song Yao , Liu Tianyang 
Published: February 2021

Background
The Chinese government’s early handling of COVID-19 has been perceived as aggressive and oppressive. Many of the most radical measures were adopted in Henan province, immediately north of Hubei, the pandemic’s epicentre in China. However, little is known about how rural residents—a group systematically disadvantaged in Chinese society—responded to authorities’ draconian restrictions.

Methods
To understand the lockdown measures and rural community responses at the grassroots level, face-to-face interviewers were conducted with both village cadres and villagers from two Henan villages in May and June 2020. The interviews were analysed with qualitative content analysis methods, with the coding process guided by the concepts of resilience, vulnerability and adaptability from the literature on disaster risk reduction.

Results
We found that the lockdown measures were indeed radical and disproportionate relative to the level of risk presented; however, they were largely accepted by villagers. This contradiction can be explained by two key contributing factors: (i) shared interests of individual villagers and the converged goal of government and civil society, and (ii) tacit flexibility in COVID-19 adaption strategies to tackle conflict resulting from goal diversion between citizens and local governments.

Conclusions
These findings highlight the nuances of ground-level politics. Despite their ‘radical’ nature, the lockdown measures were not implemented as simple top-down coercion. Instead, they involved, importantly, the bottom-up, localised response of villagers, and they were negotiated and adapted according to local circumstances.
A core outcome set for research and clinical practice in women with pelvic girdle pain: PGP-COS
Authors: Remus Alexandria , Smith Valerie , Gutke Annelie , Mena Juan Jose Saldaña , Mørkved Siv , Wikmar Lena Nilsson , Öberg Birgitta , Olsson Christina , Robinson Hilde Stendal , Stuge Britt , Wuytack Francesca 
Published: February 2021

Background
Inconsistent reporting of outcomes in clinical trials of women with Pelvic Girdle Pain (PGP) hinders comparison of findings and the reliability of evidence synthesis. A core outcome set (COS) can address this issue as it defines a minimum set of outcomes that should be reported in all clinical trials on the condition. The aim of this study was to develop a consensus-based COS for evaluating the effectiveness of interventions in PGP during pregnancy and postpartum for use in research and clinical practice.

Methods
A systematic review of previous studies on PGP and semi-structured interviews with women were undertaken to identify all outcomes that were reported in prior studies and that are relevant to those experiencing the condition. Key stakeholders (clinicians, researchers, service providers/policy makers and individuals with PGP) then rated the importance of these outcomes for including in a preliminary PGP-COS using a 3-round Delphi study. The final COS was agreed at a face-to-face consensus meeting.

Results
Consensus was achieved on five outcomes for inclusion in the final PGP-COS. All outcomes are grouped under the “life impact” domain and include: pain frequency, pain intensity/severity, function/disability/activity limitation, health-related quality of life and fear avoidance.

Conclusion
This study identified a COS for evaluating the effectiveness of interventions in pregnancy-related and postpartum-related PGP in research and clinical settings. It is advocated that all trials, other non-randomised studies and clinicians in this area use this COS by reporting these outcomes as a minimum. This will ensure the reporting of meaningful outcomes and will enable the findings of future studies to be compared and combined. Future work will determine how to measure the outcomes of the PGP-COS.

Core outcome set registration
This PGP-COS was registered with COMET (Core Outcome Measures for Effectiveness Trials) in January 2017 (http://www.comet-initiative.org/studies/details/958).
Mathematical modelling of post-filter ionized calcium during citrate anticoagulated continuous renal replacement therapy
Authors: Forsal Innas , Nilsson Anders , Bodelsson Mikael , Wieslander Anders , Broman Marcus 
Published: February 2021

Background/Aims
Post-filter ionized calcium (iCa) measured on a blood gas analyzer (BGA) during regional citrate anticoagulated continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) are needed to control the regime. This increases the workload and requires attention including interpretation of blood analyses. Two algorithms were developed to calculate the post-filter iCa instead. The first algorithm used measured systemic total calcium and the second used a selected set of values from an initial blood gas sample as input.

Methods
Calculated post-filter iCa values were compared to real blood gas analyses. 57 patients treated at the intensive care unit at Skåne University Hospital in Lund during 2010–2017 were included after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. Clinical and machine parameters were collected from the electronic medical records. Non-quality checked data contained 1240 measurements and quality checked data contained 1034 measurements.

Results
The first algorithm using measured systemic total calcium resulted in slightly better precision and trueness with an average difference between the predicted and measured post-filter iCa concentration of 0.0185±0.0453 mmol/L for quality checked data, p<0.001. Neither algorithm could detect all instances requiring intervention.

Conclusion
The algorithms were able to estimate in range postfilter iCa values with great trueness and precision. However, they had some difficulties to estimate out-of-range postfilter iCa values. More work is needed to improve the algorithms especially in their citrate-modelling.
Identification of UBE2C as hub gene in driving prostate cancer by integrated bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Wang Yan , Wang Jili , Tang Qiusu , Ren Guoping 
Published: February 2021

Background
The aim of this study was to identify novel genes in promoting primary prostate cancer (PCa) progression and to explore its role in the prognosis of prostate cancer.

Methods
Four microarray datasets containing primary prostate cancer samples and benign prostate samples were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), then differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by R software (version 3.6.2). Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were performed to identify the function of DEGs. Using STRING and Cytoscape (version 3.7.1), we constructed a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and identified the hub gene of prostate cancer. Clinical data on GSE70770 and TCGA was collected to show the role of hub gene in prostate cancer progression. The correlations between hub gene and clinical parameters were also indicated by cox regression analysis. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed to highlight the function of Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme complex (UBE2C) in prostate cancer.

Results
243 upregulated genes and 298 downregulated genes that changed in at least two microarrays have been identified. GO and KEGG analysis indicated significant changes in the oxidation-reduction process, angiogenesis, TGF-beta signaling pathway. UBE2C, PDZ-binding kinase (PBK), cyclin B1 (CCNB1), Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 3 (CDKN3), topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A), Aurora kinase A (AURKA) and MKI67 were identified as the candidate hub genes, which were all correlated with prostate cancer patient’ disease-free survival in TCGA. In fact, only UBE2C was highly expressed in prostate cancer when compared with benign prostate tissue in TCGA and the expression of UBE2C was also in parallel with the Gleason score of prostate cancer. Cox regression analysis has indicated UBE2C could function as the independent prognostic factor of prostate cancer. GSEA showed UBE2C had played an important role in the pathway of prostate cancer, such as NOTCH signaling pathway, WNT-β-catenin signaling pathway.

Conclusions
UBE2C was pivotal for the progression of prostate cancer and the level of UBE2C was important to predict the prognosis of patients.
Determinant analysis of MSMEs credit in Indonesia
Authors: Prasetiono P , Dina Anisa Puspa 
Published: February 2021

This study was conducted to analyze several variables as the determinants of credit of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSME) in Indonesia. Those variables are society income, geographic branch penetration (GBP), demographic branch penetration (DBP), credit account per capita (CAC), and deposit account per capita (DAC) of commercial banks. The samples used in this study are 33 Provinces in Indonesia in the period 2013-2017 using the purposive sampling technique. We examined data uses the non-participant observation method by directly quoting financial, GRDP, banking, geographical, and demographic data. The analysis used in this research is multiple linear regression consisting of the classic assumption test, F test, t-test, and hypothesis testing. This study indicated that society income, CAC, and DBP have a positive and significant effect on MSME credit. In contrast, GBP has a positive but non-significant effect on MSME credit, and DBP has a significant negative effect on MSME credit.
Subjective logic reasoning: an urn model intuition and application to connected automated driving
Authors: Müller Johannes , Buchholz Michael 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Subjective Logic (SL) is a powerful extend of classical probability theory that can handle small sample sizes and, with that, the resulting statistical uncertainty. However, SL is a quite abstract theory and has found limited attention in the field of automation so far. In this work, we present a new urn model intuition to SL that connects SL with the Pólya urn scheme. The application of SL-based reliability estimation in automation is demonstrated on two examples from the domain of connected automated driving: first to assess external information for motion planning on-board the vehicle and second to rate connected vehicles as agents within a large-scale multi-agent system.
Verhaltensentscheidung für automatisierte Fahrzeuge mittels Arbitrationsgraphen
Authors: Orzechowski Piotr F. , Burger Christoph , Lauer Martin , Stiller Christoph 
Published: February 2021

Zusammenfassung
Sichere Verhaltensplanung und Entscheidungsfindung gehören zu den größten Herausforderungen für hochautomatisierte Systeme. Wichtig sind hierbei insbesondere die Erklärbarkeit, Wartbarkeit und Skalierbarkeit des Verfahrens. Wir schlagen daher eine hierarchische verhaltensbasierte Architektur zur taktischen und strategischen Verhaltensgenerierung für automatisierte Fahrzeuge vor. Wir verwenden modulare Verhaltensbausteine, um komplexere Verhaltensweisen in einem Bottom-up-Ansatz zusammenzustellen. Das System ist in der Lage, eine Vielzahl von szenario- und methodenspezifischen Lösungen, wie POMDPs, RRT* oder Reinforcement Learning, in einer nachvollziehbaren Architektur zu kombinieren. Dies ermöglicht den Einsatz heterogener Planungsmethoden, die auf spezifische Fahrmanöver zugeschnitten sind. Experimentelle Ergebnisse veranschaulichen unser Konzept.
The Metaphoric and Metonymic Use of Country Names in Economic News：A Corpus-Based Analysis
Authors: Wang Yongqi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPersonification is widely acknowledged for its central role in the understanding of a nation. However, empirical evidence of its pervasiveness in authentic language data is lacking. In a self-built corpus of news report, this study coded, categorized, and analyzed the metaphoric and metonymic use of two country names: China and Australia. The distribution of the use of country names shows a continuum ranging from the literal, through metonymy, to metaphor. A clear majority of the figurative use of national names in the corpus lies in the category of metonymy, and the fuzzy area between metonymy and metaphor. In contrast, metaphors only take up a minor proportion, and most of them are based on metonymic link. By examining the mundane and seemingly literate use of country names, this study exemplifies that consistent patterns of conventional metonymy and metaphor are able to incur significant cognitive impact. Thus, this study calls for more attention on metonymy and metonymy-metaphor interaction in empirical studies on metaphor.
On the Front Line in the Fight against the Virus: Conceptual Framing and War Patterns in Political Discourse
Authors: Islentyeva Anna 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn light of the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, military linguistic patterns and framings now seem to be omnipresent in our daily discourses. Media and political discourses play a key role in conceptualising the pandemic, its impact, and the measures taken to respond to it in terms of war. This study represents a comparative discourse analysis of a selection of official statements and speeches delivered by four world leaders whose countries have been severely affected by the coronavirus pandemic: British Prime Minister Boris Johnson, German Chancellor Angela Merkel, US President Donald Trump, and Russian President Vladimir Putin. The linguistic analysis attempts to identify the differences and similarities in the political framing of the pandemic and these governments’ responses to it. A particular focus is placed on the range of metaphorical patterns that foreground the warlike and aggressive nature of these measures.
Film Blowing of PHB-Based Systems for Home Compostable Food Packaging
Authors: Teixeira P. F. , Covas J. A. , Suarez M. J. , Angulo I. , Hilliou L. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
One of the routes to minimize the environmental impact of plastics waste is the use of bio-sourced and biodegradable alternatives, particularly for packaging applications. Although Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are attractive candidates for food packaging, they have poor processability, particularly for extrusion film blowing. Thus, one relatively successful alternative has been blending PHA with a biodegradable polymer. This work proposes film blowing of a co-extruded Poly (hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) layer with a poly butylene adipateco- terephtalate (PBAT) layer to enhance bubble stability, mechanical and barrier properties. Co-extrusion is detailed, together with the different strategies followed to improve adhesion between film layers and the PHB content in the films. Films with thicknesses below 50 micron and elongation at break beyond 500% were consistently produced.
Featural foot in Bambara
Authors: Vydrin Valentin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe Bambara foot is represented as a rhythmic unit which can be disyllabic or monosyllabic. Foot-parsing is both segmentally and morphologically conditioned. A foot can coincide with a morpheme or be smaller than a morpheme, but it cannot include more than one morpheme. The main factors for foot-parsing are: types of initial consonants, types of internal consonants and vocalic combinations; directionality (left to right) is a secondary factor. Segmentation into feet is relevant for the realization of tone. Disyllabic feet are subdivided into two types, heavy and light; heavy feet have a long vowel in the initial syllable, while light feet have a short vowel in this position which is susceptible to elision (depending on phonotactics). It seems unnecessary to postulate stress in Bambara. The views of previous researchers on the Bambara foot are critically analyzed.
Changes in the microstructural state of Ti-Al-Nb-based alloys depending on the temperature cycle during spark plasma sintering
Authors: Kozhakhmetov Yernat , Skakov Mazhyn , Mukhamedova Nuriya , Kurbanbekov Sherzod , Ramankulov Sherzod , Wieleba Wojciech 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article presents results of the study on the dependence of the structural-phase state of alloys based on Ti-12.52Al-43.08Nb system (wt.-%) on the temperature of spark plasma sintering. It has been established that spark plasma sintering of Ti-Al-Nb alloys under the temperature of 1500 °C resulted in melting the aluminum component of the mixture that, in turn, negatively affects the quality of ready products. It has also been shown that stepping up the sintering temperature from 1000 °C to 1300 °C leads to increasing volume fraction of O-phase up to 49.63 % due to rapid precipitation of O-phase from B2-phase and Ti3Al-phase. It has been revealed that intermetallic composites obtained under the temperature of 1300 °C are characterized by a dominant two-phase В2+О structure which is more suitable for strengthening sorption properties of hydrogen-storing materials based on Ti-Al-Nb.
Conceptualising Destination Membership Cards for Elite Travellers
Authors: Thirumaran K , Eijdenberg Emiel L. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This study explores two different destination membership card models with the aim of developing a comprehensive framework for understanding this aspect of elite travel. Through a comparative analysis of the different types of destination membership cards, we develop a model that situates tourism knowledge and suggests areas of further research in this under-explored area. Two important destination membership card models are identified: state supported and private sector based. The state-supported agent offers privileged membership, consolidates resources, and creates exclusive experiences. Conversely, the private-sector-based agent tends to amass the resources offered by destination businesses to create exclusive services and provide special access to resources. Both types are significant agents that channel and empower travellers in the high-end segment, thereby creating further differentiation in products and services in the context of market segmentation.
Corrosive Behavior of 3D–Printed 316L Stainless Steel
Authors: Renner Peter , Chen Yan , Li Ming , Ma Chao , Parkinson Dilworth , Liang Hong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Additively manufactured metals such as stainless steels have promising futures because of their adaptive and one-step fabrication. However, an understanding of their properties and behavior in corrosive environments has not yet been achieved. This is due to a lack of methodology used to study the morphology of interior surfaces in porous materials. Thus, this research investigates the corrosion characteristics of three-dimensional–printed stainless steels made with five volume printing powers. Accelerated corrosion experiments were conducted at 35°C–40°C under atmospheric pressure in salt fog under predesigned durations. Electrochemical study was carried out with a potentiostat. Tomographic studies were conducted using a scanning electron microscope and micro X-ray computed tomography technology to analyze the effects of corrosion. Results revealed three findings. First, corrosion took place internally for all additively manufactured stainless steel samples regardless of printing parameters. Second, localized corrosion between printed layers was most pronounced. Third, elongated and oriented internal pits formed during corrosion and were associated with a dendrite-like structure, which is different from the conventional understanding of subsurface pitting directed by gravity. This research not only generates new knowledge on additively manufactured stainless steels but also opens new revenues for future investigation on the design and additive manufacturing of metals and alloys.