bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vanishing of multizeta values over
at negative integers
Authors: Shi Shuhui 
Published: January 2021

AbstractLet
$\mathbb {F}_q$
be the finite field of q elements. In this paper, we study the vanishing behavior of multizeta values over

$\mathbb {F}_q[t]$
at negative integers. These values are analogs of the classical multizeta values. At negative integers, they are series of products of power sums

$S_d(k)$
which are polynomials in t. By studying the t-valuation of

$S_d(s)$
for

$s < 0$
, we show that multizeta values at negative integers vanish only at trivial zeros. The proof is inspired by the idea of Sheats in the proof of a statement of “greedy element” by Carlitz.
Muslim Healers and Healing: An Ethnographic Study of Aboabo Community of Ghana
Authors: Adu-Gyamfi Samuel , Teikillah Abubakar , Nyaaba Ali Yakubu , Kuusaana Mariama Marciana , Darkwa Benjamin Dompreh , Tomdi Lucky 
Published: January 2021

Societies that have accepted Islam have blended their native culture with what was, rightly and wrongly, linked to Islam. Here, we present an example of this combination concerning traditional healing processes in Muslim societies. Focusing on the Aboabo community, we did an ethnographic study of healing processes and rites used by healers and further discussed the rites, practices, contributions and challenges of Muslim traditional healing in the community. Based on a qualitative research approach, the current study uses both theories of diffusionism and syncretism and empirical evidence to highlight the mode of treating some diseases using medicinal plants and rituals including prayers and Qur‟an verses recommended in ancient narrations received from earlier Muslim societies (particularly Arab societies). Although Muslim traditional healers are nearly disappearing from many contemporary Muslim societies, the continuation of their presence in some societies such as Aboabo is partly related to the standard of living of the people. The know-how of these healers is mainly limited to their native traditions, some principles of Islam and related questionable narrations. The activities of Muslim traditional practice have remained archaic, often questionable and/or unhygienic despite Islam‟s exhortation of its believers to respect, among other things, cleanliness and hygiene, and especially to increasingly develop their knowledge in major areas such as those concerning medicine and anthropology. Finally, we realized that although the idea of modernization of Muslim traditional healing in Ghana is expressed in some local discourses, it remains at the periphery.
Keyword: Muslim, Islam, Aboabo community, Healing, Muslim healers, Traditional Medicine, Cultures
Evaluation of building security costs determinant within the built environment in Minna, Niger state, Nigeria
Authors: Anifowose M.O , Said I. , Idiake J.E , Ismail R 
Published: January 2021

Building equipped with protective measures is exceedingly restricted but it brings about a moderately high increment in expenses of building security and the general cost of the home. This study aims at assessing the built environment experts’ perception of factors affecting the cost of maintaining security in houses as a part of sustainable building security cost. The study employed mixed methods sequential exploratory design to source data primarily from the respondents. Purposive and convenience sampling were used for data collection while descriptive statistics and inferential were employed for data analyses. The results revealed insignificant difference in respondents’ perceptions on building security costs. The top ranked respondents’ perceptions were from Builders, Quantity Surveyors and Architects with total mean scores of 267.08, 234.66 and 234.63. No significant variations were shown among the mean scores of the items ranked. This is an indication that all items are important therefore having effect on building security costs. The study concluded that external wall openings access prevention, size of building, perimeter fence and protection are some of the key criteria for measuring building security costs. The study sensitizes the built environment experts, criminologists and policy makers about the implication of the established factors on building security costs.
Keyword: Built-Environment, Building security, Cost determinant, Experts’ perceptions
Antidepressant effect of methanol root bark extract of Acacia seyal Del. (Fabaceae): Possible involvement of the inflammatory pathway
Authors: Shehu Aishatu , Anyip Bishio , Magaji Mohammed Garba 
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To study the involvement of inflammatory pathways in the antidepressant activity of Acacia seyal in mice.Methods: The median lethal dose (LD50) of the extract Acacia seyal (AS) was determined using OECD guideline 425. The antidepressant activity of AS was assessed against BCG (0.2 mg/kg, ip)-induced depression in mice using Tail suspension test (TST) and open field test (OFT) at 4, 24 and 48 hours post BCG administration.Results: The median lethal dose (LD50) for the extract was > 5000 mg/kg orally. The extract AS at all tested doses (250 – 1000 mg/kg) significantly (p ≤ 0.001) decreased the duration of immobility in TST but increased the number of line crossing in OFT post-BCG.Conclusion: The antidepressant activity of the methanol root bark extract of Acacia seyal in mice may involve an inflammatory mechanism. Thus, the extract of Acacia seyal may be suitable for the management of depression in humans resistant to other conventional antidepressant agents. However, further studies are required to ascertain this
Keywords: Depression, Acacia seyal, Tail suspension test, Open field test, Bacillus Calmette-Guerin
Protective effect of erdosteine against methotrexateinduced hepatotoxicity in rats
Authors: Hassan Osama Abdelaziz , Amin Entesar Farghally , Moussa Rabab Ahmed 
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To study the possible mitigating effect of erdosteine (ERD) against methotrexate (MTX)-induced liver toxicity.Methods: Male albino Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups of 8 rats each, viz, vehicle control, MTX (20 mg/kg i.p.), MTX (20 mg/kg i.p.) + ERD (300 mg/kg) and ERD (300 mg/kg) groups. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were determined by enzymatic colorimetric commercial kits while Hepatic tissue content of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), SOD and catalase (CAT) were also evaluated. In addition, measurement of the inflammatory cytokine, TNF-α, as well as histopathological examination and histochemical assessment were carried out.Results: The results indicate that, compared to the control group, MTX group showed a remarkable elevation in oxidative stress as indicated by significantly lower levels of SOD, CAT and reduced glutathione, and increased tissue malondialdehyde (p < 0.05). MTX group exhibited significantly higher blood activities of ALT, AST and TNF-α, reflective of hepatocyte damage and inflammation (p < 0.05). In MTX group, significant hepatic degenerative changes were detected on histological examination, while marked apoptotic alternations were observed following immunohistochemical analysis of caspase-3 expression, when compared to control group. However, administration of ERD to rats ameliorated thechanges in these parameters (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Treatment with ERD in rats produced alleviation in hepatic oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, and histological damage, when compared to MTX group. This study is the first to demonstrate the potentially protective effect of ERD-pretreatment against hepatotoxicity associated with MTX.
Keywords: Erdosteine, Methotrexate, Hepatotoxicity, Oxidant, Anti-oxidant
Bioassay-guided optimization of lipid-based erythromycin microparticles
Authors: Nzekwe Ifeanyi T. , Okere Anselm C. , Okoye Ifeanyi E. , Ekere Kokonne E. , Ezenwa Adaobi A. , Agubata Chukwuma O. 
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To optimize erythromycin microparticles by in vitro bioassay methods based on its antibacterial activity.
Methods: The microparticles were produced by high shear homogenization. The effects of different lipid-to-surfactant ratios were studied. The hydrodynamic size of the different batches was evaluated using dynamic light scattering while bioactive drug load per batch was assessed in agar using bioassay methods. The antimicrobial activities of selected batches were tested ex vivo by determination of reduction in bacteraemia following administration of the microparticles to infected animals.
Results: All batches had particles with hydrodynamic sizes < 8.5 microns. Batch 7 with a 2: 5: 2.5 (drug: surfactant: stearic acid) ratio, represents the optimized batch with a hydrodynamic size of 2281 nm, a bioactive drug loading capacity (BLC) of 4.67 ± 0.70 % and bioactive drug entrapment efficiency (BEE) of 10.51 %. The “microparticle MIC” against Staphylococcus aureus was 1.74 x 10-3 μg/ml. Despite containing lower amounts of erythromycin than the pure sample, the microparticles achieved comparable reduction in bacteraemia, with the optimized batch exhibiting lower variation in bacteraemia than the pure drug.
Conclusion: Erythromycin microparticles have been successfully optimized with the aid of bioassay methods which has the advantage that only the bioactive drug concentration is factored in. This method eliminates problems posed by inadequate or non-discriminating chemical assay methods.
Keywords: Microparticles, Erythromycin, Gastrointestinal, Bioavailability Antimicrobial, Bioactivity, Encapsulation
An ethnopharmacological review of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit
Authors: Li Rong , Tang Gengqiu , Liu Xile , Li Junni , Wang Dong , Ji Shengguo 
Published: January 2021

This review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of ethnobotanical uses, chemical constituents, posology, and toxicology of Hyptis suaveolens, and to address the significant medicinal benefits in order to promote its application. An extensive and systematic review of the literature was undertaken and all relevant abstracts and full-text articles analyzed and included in the review. A wide range of traditional uses are cited in the literature, ranging from uses for malaria, constipation, stomach problems, renal inflammation to external uses in repelling insects and treating injuries such as lacerations and burnrelated damage to skin and tissues. To date, pharmacological studies have demonstrated the significant activities of this plant that support uses such as antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antiulcer, and antiinflammatory. Numerous important phytochemicals, including 6 triterpenes, 8 diterpenes and 1 flavonoid have been isolated, identified and reported. The extracts and phytochemicals isolated from the plants show considerable potential for medicinal exploitation and utilization, including antimitotic, antiproliferative, cytotoxic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-secretory, hepatoprotective, insecticidal, and acaricidal activities. As a medicinal plant, H. suaveolens is endowed with immense exploitation and utilization value and is widely used worldwide Therefore, further studies to fully elucidate its medicinal potential are warranted.
Keywords: Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit, Ulcer Antimicrobial Inflammation, Diterpenes, Traditional medicine, Ethnopharmacology, Lamiaceae
An overview of some medicinal plants and isolated active compounds with potential antiprotozoal activity
Authors: Ojuromi Oladele T. , Ashafa Anofi O. 
Published: January 2021

Diarrhoea associated illness presents with mortality and morbidity in rural communities in most low income countries especially in children < 5 years of age. The continuous emergence of several opportunistic infections in immuno-compromised individuals has worsened the burden of diarrhoea in most of these countries. Protozoan infections caused by species of Cryptosporidium, Entamoeba spp. Giardia intestinalis, Blastocystis hominis and Trichomonas vaginalis have received insufficient attention because data on their prevalence and incidence are scanty. The commonly used drugs to treat infections caused by these organisms are becoming less effective due to the development of drug resistance. Evidence from literature has shown that natural products from medicinal plants are likely to be suitable alternatives and complimentary therapeutic drugs to combat most protozoan infections. Natural products and their bioactive compounds could be the solution to treat most protozoan infections that have developed resistance to these drugs. This review provides comprehensive information on the potential and limitations on activity of medicinal plants and their isolated compounds used in the treatment of protozoan diseases. Especially those considered as neglected diseases such as Cryptosporidium and other protozoans that are inadequately funded and possibility of lack of interest in drug developments have made them receive little attention. Isolation and identification of bioactive natural products could be the ultimate panacea to cases of metronidazole resistance and discovery of effective and novel drug for Cryptosporidium infection which is currently suffering inadequate treatment options.
Keywords: Protozoan parasites, Diarrhoea, Neglected diseases, Medicinal plants, Bioactive compounds
Elucidation of the mechanisms underlying the anticholecystitis effect of the Tibetan medicine “Dida” using Network pharmacology
Authors: Liu Chuan , Fan Fang-Fang , Li Xuan-Hao , Wang Wen-Xiang , Tu Ya , Zhang Yi 
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To study the mechanism involved in the anti-cholecystitis effect the Tibetan medicine “Dida”, using network pharmacology-integrated molecular docking simulationsMethods: In this investigation, the bioactive compounds of Dida were collected, network pharmacology methods to predict their targets, and networks were constructed through GO and KEGG pathway analyses. The potential binding between the bioactive compounds and the targets were demonstrated using molecular docking simulations.Results: A total of 12 bioactive compounds and 50 key targets of Dida were identified. Two networks, namely, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of cholecystitis targets, and compound-target-pathway network, were established. Network analysis showed that 10 targets (GAPDH, AKT1, CASP3, EGFR, TNF, MAPK3, MAPK1, HSP90AA1, STAT3, and BCL2L1) may be the therapeutic targets of Dida in cholecystitis. Analysis of the KEGG pathway indicated that the anti-cholecystitis effect of Dida may its regulation of a few crucial pathways, such as apoptosis, as well as toll-like receptor, T cell receptor, NOD-like receptor, and MAPK signaling pathways. Furthermore, molecular docking simulation revealed that CASP3, CAPDH, HSP90AA1, MAPK3, MAPK1, and STAT3 had well-characterized interactions with the corresponding compounds.Conclusion: The mechanism underlying the anti-cholecystitis effect of Dida was successfully predicted and verified using a combination of network pharmacology and molecular docking simulation. This provides a firm basis for the experimental verification of the use of Dida in the treatment of cholecystitis, and enhances its rational application in clinical medication.
Keywords: Tibetan medicine, Dida, Cholecystitis, Mechanism of effect, Network pharmacology, Molecular docking simulation
Apoptotic effect of astaxanthin from white shrimp shells on lung cancer A549 cells
Authors: Tanasawet Supita , Sukketsiri Wanida , Chonpathompikunlert Pennapa , Chonpathompikunlert Pennapa , Klaypradit Wanwimol , Sroyraya Morakot , Hutamekalin Pilaiwanwadee 
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To investigate the anti-cancer potential of astaxanthin from Litopenaeus vannamei encapsulated in liposomes (ASX) to treat lung cancer A549 cells.Methods: Lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were cultured and treated with ASX, following which cell viability and nuclear staining were performed. Generation of ROS was identified by the DCFH-DA assay while tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester was used to determine the mitochondrial membrane potential. Flow cytometry was applied to investigate caspase-3/7 activity and cell cycle distribution.Results: ASX inhibited growth of A549 in a concentration- and time- dependent manner. The IC50 values at 24, 48 and 72 h were 53.73, 22.85, 17.46 μg/mL, respectively (p < 0.05). After incubation with ASX, the morphological changes were observed in A549 cells following Hoechst 33342/PI fluorescent staining. ASX increased ROS generation and was associated with the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, which subsequently triggered the activation of caspase-3/7 activity leading to apoptosis (p < 0.05). In addition, A549 cells accumulated in the G0/G1 phase.Conclusion: The results suggest that ASX is a valuable nutraceutical agent to target A549 lung cancer cells via ROS-dependent pathway as well as blockage of cell cycle progression.
Keywords: Astaxanthin, Litopenaeus vannamei, Lung cancer, A549, Apoptosis
MiR-379 inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in multiple myeloma by targeting Y-box binding protein 1
Authors: Wang Yunyun , Ji Dexiang , Chen Guoan 
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To determine the effect of miR-379 in multiple myeloma.Methods: Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to evaluate the expression of miR-379 in multiple myeloma cells. The effect of miR-379 on multiple myeloma progression was investigated by cell counting, bromodeoxyuridine staining, flow cytometry and Western blot analysis. A potential target for miR-379 was determined using a luciferase reporter assay.Results: MiR-379 expression was reduced in multiple myeloma cells, while over-expression of miR-379 increased both cell viability and proliferation of these cells (p < 0.05). Moreover, miR-379 blocked cell cycle multiple myeloma cells and promoted apoptosis by decreasing Bcl-2 expression, and increasing the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax. MiR-379 bound to Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX1) and reduced YBX1 mRNA and protein expression in multiple myeloma cells (p < 0.05).Conclusion: A YBX1-mediated tumor-suppressive role for miR-379 in multiple myeloma cells has been identified, suggesting a potential strategy for the treatment of multiple myeloma.
Keywords: MiR-379, Y-box binding protein 1, Multiple myeloma, Proliferation, Apoptosis
MÔ PHỎNG ĐẶC TÍNH KHÍ ĐỘNG LỰC HỌC TRÊN DÒNG XE SUV
Authors: TIẾN PHÚC ĐẶNG 
Published: January 2021

Bài báo này trình bày nghiên cứu đặc tính khí động lực học ô tô thông qua phân tích mô hình ô tô SUV. Tác giả sử dụng phần mềm thương mại CFD với phương trình RANS kết hợp mô hình rối Realizable k  để mô phỏng đặc tính khí động lực học mô hình ô tô SUV. Bài báo trình bày phương pháp và kết quả mô phỏng sự phân bố áp suất, sự phân bố vận tốc và vectơ vận tốc quanh mô hình. Khu vực đầu xe, nắp capo, mui xe và đuôi xe ảnh hưởng nhiều đến lực cản khí động lực học. Kết quả nghiên cứu được thể hiện thông qua các hình ảnh và giá trị mô phỏng tính toán Cd, đồng thời giúp hiểu rõ hơn đặc tính khí động lực học quanh mô hình ô tô SUV
NGHIÊN CỨU THỰC NGHIỆM XÁC ĐỊNH ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA VẬN TỐC TÁC NHÂN SẤY ĐẾN SẤY ĐƯỜNG RS TRÊN MÔ HÌNH SẤY TẦNG SÔI LIÊN TỤC CẤP KHÍ KIỂU XUNG
Authors: TRUNG THÀNH BÙI , QUANG PHÚ PHẠM 
Published: January 2021

Nghiên cứu sấy đường RS được thực hiện bằng thực nghiệm đơn yếu tố trên mô hình sấy tầng sôi cấp khí kiểu xung có năng suất 20kg/giờ. Thực nghiệm được thực hiện trong điều kiện vận tốc tác nhân được điều chỉnh vg=1-3m/s trong khí 4 thông số công nghệ được bố trí cố định gồm: chiều cao lớp hạt trợ sôi H0 = 65mm, đường kính hạt dp = 0,8mm, nhiệt độ tác nhân sấy tg = 70Oc; tần số cấp khí xung f = 0,5Hz . Kết quả thực nghiệm cho độ ẩm sản phẩm M2=0,06% (phù hợp theo TCVN 6958: 2001), tiêu hao nhiệt lượng riêng q=1008 kJ/kg sản phẩm; tiêu hao điện năng riêng N=194Wh/kg sản phẩm và tỷ lệ thu hồi sản phẩm h =88,8%.Dựa trên kết quả phân tích thực nghiệm đơn yếu tố về mối quan hệ tương quan giữa 4 thông số công nghệ (t,H0,dp,f) ảnh hưởng đến 4 hàm mục tiêu (M2,q,N, h), của chế độ sấy tầng sôi xung khí với hạt đường RS, tác giả đã xác định được chế độ sấy hợp lý gồm nhiệt độ sấy tg= 75OC,tần số xung khí f=0,6 Hz ,dp =0,4 mm thì vận tốc tác nhân là 2,2 m/s.
TÍNH TOÁN VÀ THỰC NGHIỆM XÁC ĐỊNH THÔNG SỐ ĐỘ BỀN TẤM PANEL CHẾ TẠO BẰNG VẬT LIỆU COMPOSITE POLYESTER - SỢI THỦY TINH
Authors: XUÂN KHOA HUỲNH , CAO NGUYÊN KHANG CHÂU 
Published: January 2021

Bài báo giới thiệu nghiên cứu tính toán và thực nghiệm xác định thông số độ bền cho tấm panel làm bằng vật liệu composite Polyeste- sợi thủy tinh kết cấu sandwich. Các thông số bao gồm ứng suất bền kéo (σk), module đàn hồi (E) của các thành phần cấu tạo nên tấm panel được tính dùng mô hình toán họcthực hiện trên phần mềm Mathworks MATLAB R2018a chạy trên MS Window 10 và được kiểm chứng bằng phương pháp thực nghiệm trên máy thử kéo. Kết quả cho thấy độ tương hợp cao giữa mô hình đã chọn và phương pháp thực nghiệm tạo cơ sở cho việc tính toán toàn bộ kết cấu của tấm panel.
NGHIÊN CỨU TỔN THƯƠNG CON NGƯỜI TRONG XE KHÁCH GIƯỜNG NẰM XẢY RA VA CHẠM LẬT NGHIÊNG
Authors: THÀNH TÂM NGUYỄN 
Published: January 2021

Nghiên cứu này dựa vào tiêu chuẩn an toàn FMVSS 214 và ECE R66, sử dụng phần mềm HYPERWORKS và MADYMO tiến hành xây dựng mô hình và mô phỏng phân tích tổn thương con người trong xe khách giường nằm xảy ra va chạm lật nghiêng. Kết quả mô phỏng cho thấy, gia tốc va chạm cao làm cho con người bị tổn thương phần đầu, ngực, bụng rất nghiêm trọng. Nguyên nhân chủ yếu là do không trang bị dây đai an toàn hoặc hệ thống dây đai không đảm bảo tại những vùng nguy hiểm. Trên cơ sở kết quả phân tích cơ chế tổn thương hành khách, tiến hành cải tiến hệ thống dây an toàn. Kết quả cải tiến cho thấy, các giá trị tổn thương của hành khách đều thỏa mãn yêu cầu của tiêu chuẩn FMVSS 2
NGHIÊN CỨU THỰC NGHIỆM XÁC ĐỊNH ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA TẦN SỐ XUNG KHÍ ĐẾN QUÁ TRÌNH SẤY ĐƯỜNG RS TRÊN MÔ HÌNH SẤY TẦNG SÔI LIÊN TỤC CẤP KHÍ KIỂU XUNG BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP THỰC NGHIỆM
Authors: TRUNG THÀNH BÙI 
Published: January 2021

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện trên mô hình sấy tầng sôi liên tục cấp khí kiểu xung có năng suất 20kg/giờ. Thực nghiệm được thực hiện trong điều kiện tần số cấp khí kiểu xung được điều chỉnh phạm vi f=0,1-0,9 Hz, trong khí 4 thông số sấy khác được cố định : chiều cao lớp hạt khô trợ sôi H0 = 65mm, đường kính trung bình của hạt dp = 0,8mm, nhiệt độ tác nhân sấy tg = 70Oc và vận tốc tác nhân sấy vg= 2m/s. Kết quả thực nghiệm đã xác định tần số cấp khí kiểu xung f= 0,6 Hz cho giá trị độ ẩm sản phẩm M2=0,05% (phù hợp theo TCVN 6958:2001); tiêu hao điện năng N=203 Wh/kg sản phẩm; tiêu hao nhiệt lượng riêng q= 955 kJ/kg sản phẩm và hiệu suất thu hồi chính phẩm h =91%. Khí ở tần số cấp khí kiểu xung thấp hơn hay cao hơn đều làm cho M2, q,N tăng lên. Như vậy tần số cấp khí xung được chọn ở mức 0,6 Hz cho quá trình sấy đường RS trên mô hình sấy tầng sôi liên tục cấp khí kiểu xung