bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L’educazione alla salute in adolescenza: strategie di intervento e risposte individuali
Authors: Di Pietro Maria Luisa 
Published: January 2021

Si sta verificando negli ultimi anni un incremento dei cosiddetti “comportamenti a rischio”(taking-risk behaviors) tra gli adolescenti. Si tratta di comportamenti che sono, in modo diretto o indiretto, responsabili di danno per la salute e/o per la vita di chi li agisce e dell’aumentata incidenza di morbilità e di mortalità in un’età della vita, che è meno esposta alla malattia e alla morte. Questa aumentata incidenza di patologie secondarie a comportamenti a rischio ha interpellato ed interpella, in senso preventivo, sia gli educatori sia quanti sono responsabili della salute pubblica che hanno proposto diverse modalità di intervento: dalla cosiddetta “riduzione del rischio” alla “strategia della paura” all’educazione alla salute.
Questo articolo cerca di valutare le ricadute delle diverse strategie di intervento sul comportamento degli adolescenti, al fine di individuare se gli eventuali fallimenti o successi dipendano dai contenuti dei programmi di prevenzione o dalla personalità degli educandi. Tale valutazione è preceduta dall’analisi del perchè gli adolescenti agiscono, con elevata frequenza, comportamenti a rischio: infatti, la conoscenza del “perché”‚ è elemento fondamentale per stabilire il “come” (intervenire).
Aspetti specifici del supporto psicologico nella relazione medico-paziente terminale
Authors: Fassino Secondo 
Published: January 2021

Le comunicazioni medico – paziente, anche non verbali, attivano trasformazioni emotive e poi biologiche, che agiscono sui sistemi di reazione dell’organismo specie nelle fasi terminali della malattia. La reazione psicologica del malato è il risultato di difese regressive e anche progressive fruibili per processi più avanzati di adattamento e di “senso”. Le reazioni psicologiche del medico sono condizionate da difese dall’angoscia e motivazioni inconsce alla professione, tra sentimenti di impotenza e di onnipotenza. La condanna alla sconfitta induce una riformulazione costante del progetto di cura: la morte come oggetto di cura, non solo fine della cura. È richiesto un supporto psicologico specifico al paziente terminale. La strategia è quella dell’accompagnamento del paziente attraverso le fasi della malattia verso la morte, piuttosto che dell’esplorazione dei vissuti profondi di colpa, indegnità, aggressività. Questi aspetti vengono proposti soltanto se il paziente segnala di volerli e poterli affrontare; in genere, occorre favorire un impiego ottimale dei meccanismi di negazione, di scissione e dei bisogni di trascendenza. L’accompagnamento è una “presenza significativa” che considera il transfert di conoscenza, il contratto di non abbandono, i bisogni di significato e di trascendenza, le dinamiche della separazione, la compromissione di identità, ecc. Tali interventi sono attuabili oltre che da psichiatri o psicologi clinici, anche da medici oncologi e infettivologi, purché formati alla “relazione terapeutica”. Il training deve considerare non solo gli aspetti cognitivi, ma soprattutto quelli emotivi e personali, anche in considerazione dei rischi elevati di burn out che ripetuti interventi di questo tipo comportano.
Le competenze sui bisogni psicologici del morente sono parte dei metodi della buona pratica clinica: tra i suoi obiettivi c’è anche la qualità della morte.
Efficacy of paravertebral block in “Fast-tracking” pediatric cardiac surgery - Experiences from a tertiary care center
Authors: Sahajanandan Raj , Varsha A V , Kumar D Sathish , Kuppusamy Balaji , Karuppiah Sathappan , Shukla Vinayak , Thankachen Roy 
Published: January 2021

Introduction:
Fast tracking plays a crucial role in reducing perioperative morbidity and financial burden by facilitating early extubation and discharge from hospital. Paravertebral block (PVB) is becoming more popular in paediatric surgeries as an alternative to epidural and caudal analgesia. There is scarcity of data regarding the efficacy and safety of PVB in paediatric cardiac surgery.

Methods:
We performed a review of records of paediatric cardiac patients who underwent cardiac surgery under general anaesthesia with single shot PVB and compared the analgesia and postoperative outcomes with matched historical controls who underwent cardiac surgery with same anaesthesia protocol without PVB.

Results:
The data from 200 children were analysed. 100 children who received paravertebral block were compared with a matched historical controls. The median time to extubation was shorter in the PVB group (0 hr, IQR 0-3 hrs) compared to the control group (16 hrs, IQR 4-20 hrs) (P value 0.017*). Intraoperative and postoperative fentanyl requirement was much lower in the PVB group (3.49 (0.91)) compared to the control group (9.86 (1.37)) P value <0.01*. Time to first rescue dose of analgesic was longer (7 hrs vs 5 hrs, P 0.01*), while time to extubation and duration of ICU stay were significantly less in PVB group . Mean postoperative pain scores were significantly lower in the PVB group at the time of ICU admission (0.85 vs 3.12, P 0.001*) till 4 hours (2.11 vs 3.32, P 0.001*).

Conclusion:
PVB provides an effective and safe anaesthetic approach which can form an important component of “fast-track” care in paediatric cardiac surgery.
The Glenn procedure
Authors: Tariq Muhammad , Zahid Ibrahim , Hashmi Shiraz , Amanullah Muneer , Shahabuddin Syed 
Published: January 2021

Objectives:
Congenital heart defects (CHDs) affect more than 40,000 children annually in Pakistan. Approximately 80% of patients require at least one surgical intervention to achieve a complete or palliative cardiac repair. The Glenn shunt, a palliative procedure is established between superior vena cava (SVC) and the right pulmonary artery to provide an anastomosis offering minimal risk to patients with univentricular heart disease. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical outcomes of the Glenn shunt procedure in patients with complex congenital heart diseases in a developing country like Pakistan.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective chart review was conducted on patients who underwent a bidirectional Glenn shunt procedure from July 2006 to June 2017. Data were collected on a structured questionnaire and analyses performed on SPSS version 22. Frequencies and percentages were computed for categorical variables while mean and standard deviation for continuous variables where appropriate.

Results:
A total of 79 patients underwent the Glenn shunt procedures. The median age was 1.9 years and 54.5% were male. Tricuspid atresia was the primary diagnosis in 30.4% of the patients. Common morbidities included arrhythmias (6.3%), pleural effusion (8.9%), wound infection (3.8%), pneumonia (2.5%), and seizures (3.8%); reopening was required in 2.5% of the patients and 8.8% were readmitted within 30 days of index operation. There were three (3.8%) deaths in total.

Conclusions:
Bidirectional Glenn shunt procedure can be performed safely in patients with ideal characteristics as the first stage palliation and has favorable results with acceptable rate of complications.
Image Analysis-Assisted Nuclear Morphometric Study of Benign and Malignant Breast Aspirates
Authors: Niranjan Pandian Dayal Johan , Ramdas Anita , Ambroise M. Moses 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Fineneedle aspiration cytology of the breast is well accepted and accurate for the diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions, however, it remains a subjective evaluation.

Aims and Objectives:
The present study was carried out to assess the utility of nuclear morphometry in differentiating benign and malignant breast aspirates. Importantly, we wanted to evaluate the utility of nuclear density parameters using Image J software.

Materials and Methods:
Nuclear morphometry was carried out using image analysis software Image J 1.44 on 20 selected benign and malignant breast aspirates. Assessment was carried out on a total of 1000 cells in benign and 1000 cells in malignant aspirates counting 50 intact nuclei in nonoverlapping cells for each case. Six parameters including three size parameters, namely nuclear area, nuclear diameter, and nuclear perimeter; one shape parameter, i.e., axis ratio; and two nuclear chromasia parameters, namely density (integrated and raw), were measured.

Results:
There were significant differences between nuclear area, perimeter, diameter, integrated density, and raw integrated density of benign and malignant lesions. No significant difference was found for axis ratio. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that nuclear area, perimeter, diameter, integrated density, and raw integrated density are helpful in discriminating benign and malignant aspirates.

Conclusions:
Thus, Image J is helpful in the evaluation of nuclear size as well as chromasia. We conclude that nuclear size and density parameters can be used to derive cutoff values of various parameters to differentiate between benign and malignant cells in breast cytology.
Age Estimation with Cemental Annulation Using Light, Phase Contrast and Polarized Microscopy
Authors: Pradeep L. , Kokila Ganganna , Gopinathan Pillai Arun , Guruswamy Shwetha , Nazir Salroo Humaira , Chatterjee Ananjan 
Published: January 2021

Introduction:
In forensic science, the determination of age plays a vital role in the identification of bodies and persons associated with crimes. Teeth are frequently better conserved than any other human remains, so their use for identifying age at death is vital. The root portion of the teeth is covered by a thin calcified layer called cementum, the annulations of which is considered to be helpful in age estimation. The objective of the study was to ascertain and compare the accuracy and efficiency of age estimation between light, polarized, and phase-contrast microscopy in the ground and decalcified sections of the tooth stained with hematoxylin and eosin by light microscopy and picrosirius red (PSR) by polarized microscopy.

Materials and Methods:
Fifty extracted teeth were collected and stored in a solution of 10% formalin. The middle one-third portion of the root was used, later sectioned into two halves using carborundum disc. One-half of it was used to prepare ground sections, which was studied with light, polarized, and phase-contrast microscopy. The other half was decalcified with 10% formic acid, processed, and two sections of 5 -μm thickness were prepared. One was stained with PSR stain and the second section was stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) stain, One was stained with PSR stain and the second section was stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) stain. Statistical analysis was performed using Z-test and Karl Pearson's correlation coefficient.

Results:
No statistically significant difference was observed between actual and calculated age in the ground sections, while there was a statistically significant difference observed between actual and calculated age in decalcified sections stained with H and E and PSR. A strong positive correlation was observed between actual and calculated age by Karl Pearson correlation coefficient test.

Conclusion:
Cemental annulation and phase contrast microscopy can be reliably utilized in forensic science to establishing age, especially among young and middle age group individuals.
Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding the Self-Use of Pain Medications in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Magadmi Rania M. , Kamel Fatemah O. , Hagras Magda M. , Alhmied Hwraa I. , Aljumaiy Walla H. , Saqat Doaa F. , Magadmi Mawadah M. 
Published: January 2021

Objective:
The objective of the study was to examine the knowledge and attitudes of the population in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia regarding the use of over-the-counter (OTC) analgesics.

Methods:
A prospective cross-sectional study used an electronic survey questionnaire comprising 18 questions. An electronic survey was distributed through social networking sites during the period from November 1 to November 15, 2014, followed by data analysis.

Results:
Data from 1808 questionnaires were collected and analyzed. The results showed that 61% of the participants used analgesics without prescription; 67% used analgesics only for severe pain; 72% stated that analgesics could be administered with other medications; 68% reported that analgesics had an antipyretic effect; and only 1% reported that they had an anti-inflammatory effect. Further, 80% of the participants had the habit of reading drug product information and 77% were careful about the expiry date.

Conclusions:
The general population showed inadequate knowledge and attitudes toward OTC analgesics. Therefore, more programs to increase awareness and health education among patients are needed.
TO BE AND HOW TO BE: INSIDES OF PROGRESS AND FAILURE IN LANGUAGE LEARNING
Authors: SA NGUYỄN TRƯỜNG 
Published: January 2021

This study investigated deeply into what happened when a language learner made failure and success. The question is how and what learners do to make improvements and achievements and/or to turn their learning results worse. Adopting grounded theory methodology and ethnographic perspective with prolong observations and interviews as the basis of data collection and analysis, the researcher studied the learning stories of 8 participants in 24 months to build up a general formula explaining how improvements and achievements operate. Motivation and autonomy were classified as the two central and most stable constructs in a holistic model containing numerous changing affective factors. Results showed that it is not really because of any single change in any individual factor/construct, but the operation of this whole model shapes the success and failure in language learning.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES AND CORPORATE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE IN VIETNAM CONTEXT
Authors: ANH HO THI VAN , ANH PHAM TU 
Published: January 2021

The paper aims to investigate the effects between corporate social responsibilities (CSR) and corporate financial performance (CFP) in Vietnam context. The author employs context analysis and multiple regressions in Stata software to examine two-ways positive relationship between CSR and CFP. The research is contingent on the database created by Tien, HV & Van Anh, HT (2017) that is revised by an increase in the number of observation variables for a period from 2012 to 2017 for 130 companies via their annual report. Preliminary result indicates that there is a signicantly statistical relationship between CSR and CFP.
Uso de dos técnicas alternativas de manejo de conducta: musicoterapia y distracción audiovisual, en el control y manejo de ansiedad en pacientes pediátricos de 5 a 10 años
Authors: Alarco-Cadillo Lorena , Casas Apayco Leslie , Reyes Bossio Mario , Ramírez Torres María Cecilia 
Published: January 2021

En la actualidad, se ha demostrado que la ansiedad influye significativamente en la conducta de los niños durante la consulta dental ocasionando un rechazo total del niño a la atención odontológica, optándose por el uso de técnicas no farmacológicas para el control y manejo de la ansiedad, así conseguir un comportamiento receptivo. Objetivo: Comparar dos técnicas no farmacológicas (musicoterapia y distracción audiovisual) en el control de la ansiedad antes, durante y después del tratamiento dental de niños entre 5 y 10 años atendidos en el Centro Universitario de Salud (UPC). Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio cuasi experimental, comparándose los niveles de ansiedad obtenidos con el Test de Dibujos de Venham (1 -8) y la Escala de Ansiedad de Venham (0-5) a un total de 60 pacientes pediátricos bajo las técnicas no farmacológicas musicoterapia y audio visual. Resultados: El promedio de puntaje obtenido antes de la consulta dental con el Test de Dibujos de Venham para el grupo control fue de 2, para el grupo musicoterapia fue de 1,4 y de 1,45 para el grupo audio visual; el promedio de la escala de Ansiedad durante la consulta para el grupo control fue de 1,4 y de 0,2 para musicoterapia y audiovisual. Por último, el puntaje después de la consulta dental para el grupo control fue de 1,95, para musicoterapia fue de 0,45 y para el grupo audio visual fue de 0,3. Sí se encontraron diferencias significativas para la evaluación de la ansiedad con la Escala de Ansiedad de Venham aplicada durante el tratamiento dental entre los tres grupos de estudio (p=0,001). Conclusiones: Se concluye que existe una reducción de los niveles de ansiedad durante y después de emplear ambas técnicas no farmacológicas.
Tratamiento de la mordida cruzada anterior con plano inclinado anterior. Efecto sobre los arcos dentales
Authors: Rodríguez Manjarrés Carolina , Hernández Silva Jesús Alberto 
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Evaluar los cambios dimensionales de los arcos dentales primarios tratados con plano inclinado anterior como método de corrección de la mordida cruzada anterior. Métodos: Se trataron 10 pacientes con edades entre 3 y 5 años afectados con mordida cruzada anterior completa, se colocó un plano inclinado anterior elaborado en acrílico, que estuvo en posición en promedio 8.5 semanas. Se obtuvieron modelos de estudio en 3 momentos T0: antes del tratamiento; T1: 6 meses después de iniciado el tratamiento, y T2: al final del primer año de tratamiento y se evaluaron los cambios en las dimensiones de los arcos dentales. Resultados: En el 100% de los pacientes se corrigió la mordida cruzada anterior, se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas para las variables evaluadas con la terapéutica empleada. Conclusiones: El plano inclinado anterior produjo cambios dentales evidentes en un periodo corto de tiempo, sin recidivas y mejorando las dimensiones de los arcos dentales, especialmente el arco superior.
La agrotecnología no se detiene
Authors: Cerna Mendoza Agustín 
Published: January 2021

La Universidad Nacional de San Martin tiene como ámbito de intervención a la región San Martín (UNSM-T, 2019); comprende parte de selva alta, la cordillera occidental y una zona transicional de la llanura Amazónica, con recursos forestales, de fauna, de suelo y cuatro valles productivos constituidos por el Alto Mayo, Bajo Mayo, Huallaga Central y Alto Huallaga formados por los ríos Mayo y Huallaga (Mincetur, 2020). Las actividades agropecuarias se sustentan en los cultivos de palma aceitera, arroz, maíz amarillo duro, yuca, tabaco, cacao, café, naranja, coco, plátano, sacha inchi y otros cultivos preservados por las comunidades nativas con utilidad alimenticia y medicinal. La actividad pecuaria está basada principalmente en la crianza de ganado vacuno, porcino y aves de corral (MINAGRI, 2019).
Analisa Pengaruh Pemeliharaan Terhadap Kinerja Sistem Pendingin Refrigasi Kapal
Authors: Haryadi Sugeng 
Published: January 2021

Sistem pendingin refrigeransi merupakan mesin pendingin dan salah satu perangkat bantu yang ada di kapal sebagai penunjang kelancaran pengoperasian kapal, dan memiliki fungsi yang penting, khususnya pendingin bahan makanan yang merupakan kebutuhan utama di atas kapal bagi seluruh Anak Buah Kapal (ABK). Sistem tersebut digunakan untuk menyerap panas pada ruangan tertentu sehingga suhu menjadi lebih rendah daripada suhu lingkungan. Prinsip kerja dari sistem ini adalah memindahkan panas dari reservoir bersuhu tinggi ke reservoir bersuhurendah. Sehinggs ruangan dapat digunakan untuk penyimpanan seperti halnya kulkas.Setiap mesin memerlukan perawatan secara berkala supaya tetap dalam kinerja yang baik. Dalam jurnal ini akan diperlihatkan pengaruh maintenance terhadap kinerja sistem pendingin refrigerasi
First high-resolution tropospheric NO2 observations from the Ultraviolet Visible Hyperspectral Imaging Spectrometer (UVHIS)
Authors: Xi Liang , Si Fuqi , Jiang Yu , Zhou Haijin , Zhan Kai , Chang Zhen , Qiu Xiaohan , Yang Dongshang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract. We present a novel airborne imaging differential optical absorption
spectroscopy (DOAS) instrument: the Ultraviolet Visible Hyperspectral Imaging
Spectrometer (UVHIS), which is developed for trace gas monitoring and
pollution mapping. Within a broad spectral range of 200 to 500 nm and
operating in three channels, the spectral resolution of UVHIS is better than
0.5 nm. The optical design of each channel comprises a fore-optics
with a field of view (FOV) of 40∘, an Offner imaging spectrometer and
a charge-coupled device (CCD) array detector of 1032×1072 pixels. A
first demonstration flight using UVHIS was conducted on 23 June 2018, above an
area of approximately 600 km2 in Feicheng, China, with a spatial
resolution of about 25 m×22 m. Measurements of nadir
backscattered solar radiation of channel 3 are used to retrieve tropospheric
vertical column densities (VCDs) of NO2 with a mean total error of
3.0×1015 molec cm−2. The UVHIS instrument clearly
detected several emission plumes transporting from south to north, with a peak
value of 3×1016 molec cm−2 in the dominant one. The
UVHIS NO2 vertical columns are consistent with the ground-based
mobile DOAS observations, with a correlation coefficient of 0.65 for all
co-located measurements, a correlation coefficient of 0.86 for the co-located
measurements that only circled the steel factory and a slight underestimation
for the polluted observations. This study demonstrates the capability of UVHIS
for NO2 local emission and transmission monitoring.
Leptospirosis, a clinical update regarding a neglected infectious disease
Authors: Sergio Balbino Miguel Paulo , Alexandra de Carvalho Meireles Maria , Brenno Feitosa Randyston , Jesus Rodrigues da Motta Oswaldo , De Oliveira Pereira Sandra , Nunes Ribeiro Junior Ademir , Luiz Fortuna Esmeraldo Marcio , Salvador P. Montenegro Stefania , Alberto Santana Luiz 
Published: January 2021

Leptospirosis is one of the neglected infectious diseases locally widespread and extremely significant in tropical areas due to its great epidemic potential. It is a worldwide public health problem in view of the emergence and reemergence of the disease due to lack of sanitation and negligence, among other factors. In fact, leptospirosis infects more than 1 million people per year, resulting in almost 60,000 deaths. Human infection generally takes place after skin exposure to soil and/or water contaminated with urine of chronically infected mammals. The clinical presentations of the disease vary from a slight fever, goosebumps and flu-like symptoms to the acute forms of the disease. Understanding the main aspects of the disease is paramount due to the many unspecific signs and symptoms as well as frequently mistaken diagnosis. In this article, we discuss the epidemiological, immunopathogenic, clinical and prophylactic aspects of this condition with the purpose of clarifying an up to date panorama of the subject.
KEY WORDS: Leptospirosis; Leptospira; concepts; clinical update.
The Mediation Disruption
Authors: Kawakami Mark T. 
Published: January 2021

The Mediation Disruption
As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to expose obsolete business practices and force companies into uncharted territories, a disruption worth (re)considering for companies is to replace their over-reliance on litigation with mediation. In order for mediators to make this transition more appetising for businesses, we must train mediators to: 1) think more holistically through interdisciplinary training; and 2) foster cognitive diversity amongst our pool.