bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
R&D on Surrogate Kernel Fabrication in Support of Reaktor Daya Eksperimental (RDE) Project
Authors: Sarjono  , Riyanto S , Mutiara E , Yusnitha E , Yulianto T , Langenati R , Sumaryanto A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
R&D program on HTGR fuel to support the RDE project has been outlined and is aimed to develop national capabilities on nuclear fuel technology. The external sol-gel technology has been adopted for the fabrication of kernels. Laboratory scale work has been ongoing at the Center for Nuclear Fuel Technology (PTBBN) BATAN to study various parameters involved in the process of kernel fabrication including tuning of parameters related to droplet formation (feed flow rate, vibrator frequency, NH3 gas flow rate), optimizing chemical formulation in broth preparation, various treatments in aging, washing, drying process, and thermal treatment for densification of kernels. In this early stage, zirconium precursors were used to manufacture surrogate kernels of ytrria-stabilized zirconia. The steps for kernel fabrication include chemical formulation of broth and droplet casting, aging-washing-drying of gel microspheres, calcination and sintering, and characterization of sintered kernels (surface morphology, density, diameter/sphericity, solid phase). Stable cast of droplets from 1 mm nozzle diameter was optimized by adjusting feed flowrate at 30 ml/min, viscosity at 45-60 cP, and vibrating frequency at 100 Hz. Presolidification of gel skin was optimized at a working NH3 flow rate of 3.5 - 4 L/min. Addition of urea with mole ratio urea/metal 2.5/1.0 gave the most preferable results based on SEM examination for crack and morphological structure. Control the opaqueness of the sol can be done by portioning addition of urea, where a portion of urea was added at decomposing temperature around 85°C, while another portion was added at a lower temperature. Addition of urea has a desirable effect on crack reduction during heat treatment of gel microspheres. Increase in metal concentration results in an increase in kernel diameter when other sol-to-gel conversion parameters were kept unvaried. Phase determination by X-Ray Diffractometer indicates that solid phase for ceria-stabilized zirconia prepared with precursor composition of 16% yttrium in zirconium-yttrium sol results in yttria-stabilized zirconia 8YSZ with cubic phase.
Study on the Implementation of Quality Assurance Aspect on High-Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor (HTGR)
Authors: Sunarto  , Santosa Sigit , Khotimah Khusnul , Sriyana  
Published: October 2021

Abstract
High-Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor (HTGR) Power Reactors have a layered safety system with the concept of a double barrier system. However, quality assurance is required to ensure the fulfillment of technological analysis weightings on power chamber materials, power ratings, fabrication components of High- Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor (HTGR) fuel elements, primary and secondary coolant pressures to meet customer requirements and be carried out continuously systematic and objective. This study analyzes the application of quality assurance, safety, security, the correctness of test/calibration results, increasing competitiveness, consumer protection and building trust (brand image) in the use of HTGR reactors to provide a reliable level of safety and security. The study method used is based on the literature review. The output of this study is the document of the HTGR reactor quality assurance systems to fulfill the IAEA-TECDOC-1645 requirements according to safety and standardization in frameworks design, material, fuel, and physical properties of the quality management systems. HTGR reactor has technical qualification, good performance of HTGR fuel, safety and accident analysis source term analysis, control of multi-modular HTGR and related human factor analysis, also optimizing radiation protection of HTGR
Study on the Curved Channel Model in the Initial Core Loading of Pebble Bed High Temperature Reactors
Authors: Xia B , Zhang J , Guo J , Wei C , Li Fu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Continuous on-line fuel cycling is the essential feature of the pebble bed high temperature reactor (PB-HTR). The flow speed of the fuel pebbles in a PB-HTR presents a radial distribution in the reactor core, mainly due to the friction between the pebbles and the wall and the conical structure at the core bottom. In the VSOP fuel shuffling model, the simulation of unequal pebble flow speed is achieved by dividing the reactor core into some vertical flow channels with different numbers of the equal-volume regions in each channel. However, the fuel shuffling with equal-volume batches bring complexity when dealing with the change of fuel composition, such as the fuel fraction of fuel-graphite pebble mixture, during the initial core loading and early running-in phase. In this work, a curved channel model with unequal flow speed and the bottom cone is established based on the DEM simulation of pebble flow in the HTR-PM. The batch-wise fuel shuffling strategy is adapted to fit the complex situation during mixing and re-assigning the discharged fuels by employing a rounding strategy for the actual volume of fuels with similar irradiation history. The key of the adapted strategy is to divide the total number of the mixed batches with similar irradiation history by the number of flow channels, and round the quotient as the number of reloaded batches in each top region. The fuel loading process to build up the initial core, accompanied by the low-power reactor running to compensate the reactivity provided by the fresh fuels, is simulated by using the fuel shuffling model mentioned above. On the other hand, the simulation on the same process with an effective cylindrical core mesh and straight flow channels is carried out, in which dividing and rounding the batch numbers are unneeded. The results of both models are compared, indicating that the curved channel model presents less core reactivity and shorter fuel loading period than those of the cylindrical model. From the point of view of fidelity, the former is more suitable for the simulation of initial core loading process. The results in this work are important for enhancing the economy of fuel cycling of PB-HTRs.
Multi-group cross section library generation for HTGR lattice physics code XPZ
Authors: Zhang Lerui , She Ding , Shi Lei , Chambon Richard , Hébert Alain 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The XPZ code was previously developed for the lattice physics computation in High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactors (HTGRs), which adopted the multi-group cross section library converted from the existing open-source DRAGON library. In this paper, a new format of multi-group cross section library named XPZLIB has been implemented in XPZ code. XPZLIB is designed in binary and HDF5 formats, including detailed data contents for resonance, transport and depletion calculations. A new data-processing module named XPZR is developed based on NJOY-2016 to generate nuclide dependent XPZLIB from the most recent evaluated nuclear data, and besides, the PyNjoy-2016 system is developed for automatic generation of integrated XPZLIB including a complete set of nuclides. The new generated XPZLIB is presented with the XPZ code. Numerical results demonstrate the accuracy of the new library XPZLIB and the reliability of the data processing scheme. Moreover, the influence of different versions of ENDF/B data is investigated.
Shear Wave Velocity (Vs) at Reactor Building, Experimental Power Reactor Indonesia
Authors: Iswanto Eko Rudi , Ryanto Theo Alvin , Setiaji Abimanyu BW , Suntoko Hadi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Experimental Power Reactor (RDE) is a Gen IV Reactor type with Hydrogen Gas Cooler. Despite this type of reactor has high safety performance, earthquake hazard should be demonstrated. Detail Engineering Design Activity on RDE has been conducted in the past 3 years. In the end of this phase, preliminary parameter design such as shear wave velocity (Vs) should be defined. This parameter correlated with subsurface condition which has high uncertainty. This study is conducted in order to estimate values of Vs. Generally, the data collection is carried out through geotechnical investigation but this method cost more time and resources. In the recent decades, another method has been widely introduced which is geophysical passive source Microtremor Array Measurement (MAM) with Spatial Auto Correlation (SPAC) method. This method can be used to estimate values of Vs and can be used as preliminary reference to define the position of borehole before construction phase getting started. The result shows, the location of reactor building is estimated to have 5 soil layers with varying Vs value. The Vs value of the first soil layer is about 152 m/s started from the surface to 8 m depth. The second soil layer has 169 m/s Vs value started from 8 m to 20 m depth. The third soil layer, started from 20 m to 36 m depth, has 384 m/s Vs value. The next layer as the fourth layer of soil, started from 36 m to 70 m depth with a value of Vs around 526 m/s. The last soil layer with a depth 70 m to 100 m, has Vs value of 667 m/s. Based on these Vs value estimation from surface to 30 m depth, the average value of the shear wave velocity (Vs
30) is m/s. Thus, reactor building is located in the site class SD with medium soil categories according to SNI 1726-2012. The foundation design and excavation planning phase, this information is needed.
Study on the DLOFC accident of the GEMINI+ conceptual design of HTGR reactor with MELCOR and SPECTRA
Authors: Skrzypek M , Skrzypek E , Stempniewicz M , Malesa J 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The work presented in this paper was performed within the Euratom Horizon 2020 GEMINI Plus project. Behavior of the HTGR reactor under severe accident conditions was investigated and the maximum fuel temperature was observed. Due to application of the TRISO particles and SiC layers in the fuel element, no damage of the fuel is expected up to 1600°C. Under the cooperation in the project between Nuclear Research Group (NRG) and National Centre for Nuclear Research (NCBJ) a code-to-code calculations were carried out between the SPECTRA and MELCOR codes. SPECTRA code, developed by the NRG is a thermal hydraulic analysis code and MELCOR 2.1.6342 used by NCBJ developed by SANDIA National Laboratory is fast running severe accident code. Both codes have already HTGR specific models build in. The following accident was analyzed and will be presented: Depressurized Loss of Forced Circulation (DLOFC) with 65 mm break at the top of reactor vessel. The scenario was calculated applying following sets of assumptions: best estimate and conservative. Plant behavior was analyzed including primary and secondary side of the reactor. As the results of applying conservative assumptions, it was found that fuel temperature excides the acceptable limit of 1620°C. Therefore, changes in the core design were proposed by project participants. Analyses of the new core showed acceptable temperatures. In the paper the results of code-to-code comparison are presented. Both codes have shown a good agreement of presented following characteristics on maximum fuel temperature, relative power and Reactor Cavity Cooling System power, primary pressure and break flow.
Latency Aware Distributed ADMM over Networks
Authors: Zeng Shuai , Wang Shuangsheng , He Yiming 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Methods based on the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) has attracted academic attention because of its excellent convergence performance and potential application scenarios in many machine learning or optimization fields. However, classical distributed ADMM algorithm assumed ideal network communication, which do not consider the impact of network delay on computing performance. In this paper, based on the strategy of selecting bridges with lowest network latency and appropriate iterative process, we propose a latency aware distributed ADMM algorithm to alleviate the impact of network delay. The classical algorithm and proposed algorithm are tested and compared in real network scenarios. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm reduces the running time and improves the computing performance. Especially in networks with large delay, the effect is more obvious.
Latent Topic Analysis of the Post Property for Sales to Predict a Selling Price of Second-Hand Condominiums
Authors: Chaiwuttisak Pornpimol 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This research objective is to study the latent topics analysis in selling post of real estate of second-hand condominium by using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and build a price prediction model of second-hand condominium using multiple linear regression and artificial neural networks by measuring and comparing the performance of the second hand condominium price prediction model with root mean square error (RMSE). This experiment included four variables are room size, number of bathroom, number of bedroom and latent topics from LDA. The result of LDA indicated that selling post of real estate can be separated into 4 topics, in which finding the factors that affect the price use the regression analysis method to get five variables are room size, number of bathroom, floors, topic 2 and topic 4. The RMSE based on the multiple linear regression analysis was 1.349, while the RMSE based on artificial neural network was 1.156. Thus, it can be concluded that the predictive model using the artificial neural networks is superior to multiple linear regression.
Design of Intelligent Security Management and Control System for a Large Nuclear Facility
Authors: Guo Ming , Wu Fei , Wang Mohan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
There are many kinds of safety control sub-systems of a large nuclear facility, and their information is isolated from each other, so the overall safety control efficiency is low. To solve this problem, based on the original security control sub-system, an intelligent security management and control system is designed by using the technology of system integration and multi-sensor cooperative scheduling. Firstly, the web service interfaces of each security control sub-system are developed, and the interconnection and information sharing of each security control sub-system are realized through these interfaces. Then, based on the multi-sensor system cooperative optimization scheduling technology and the improved ant colony algorithm, the information synthesis and security cooperative optimization scheduling of heterogeneous multi-sensor messages are realized. The highly integrated intelligent security management and control system reduces the alarm omission rate and false alarm rate of the safety control and improves the efficiency of the security control.
The Reform Scheme of Fundamentals of Computer Culture based on Multi-level Blended Teaching
Authors: Yang Jiemin , Tan Meile , Du Gang , Li Ying , Fu Xiaoxue , Zhou Yi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
As a general course for college students, Fundamentals of Computer Culture plays an important role in the training of professional talents. However, there is a large gap in the ability and quality of college students. In order to promote the creative teaching reform of this course and improve the theoretical and skill levels of college students, our college proposed a reform scheme of multi-layer blended teaching to realize an all-round reform of curriculum system, teaching content, teaching arrangement, teaching method and means, teaching assessment, etc. It also gives a detailed introduction to the reform plan and its implementation in the paper, and provides a creative solution for the teaching reform of the Fundamentals of Computer Culture in other universities, which has great practical value.
Control of Stochastic Nonlinear Switched Systems using Fuzzy Law
Authors: Yang Hong , Zhang Yu , Yang Chao , Zhang Le 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The problem about controller design for stochastic nonlinear switched systems with delay is considered. Stochastic switched nonlinear system is a kind of nonlinear system which integrates switching and nonlinear fuzzy characteristics and can fully reflect stochastic factors. First, the mathematical model of stochastic nonlinear switched systems with time delay and disturbance is given. Second, the corresponding controller is designed for the proposed model. Then, we use the multi-Lyapunov method to establish the closed-loop system on the basis of our designed controller, and give the necessary and sufficient conditions for the stability of the system. The switching law is designed to ensure the stability of subsystems activated by switching time. Finally, through the simulation software, we can see that the stability condition we obtained can make the studied system stable.
An AUV Path Planner for Large-scale Search and Rescue based on A* Algorithm
Authors: Cai C , Chen J 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
For large-scale search and rescue (SAR) tasks that require complete coverage of the workspace, it is important to increase the efficiency and obtained sensor data quality. A novel path planner named SAR-A* to this problem is introduced, which takes into account the sensor performance and practical prior information. Firstly, the workspace is decomposed into plenty of hexagonal cells which are treated as waypoints for A* algorithm. Target present probability is then modeled to Gaussian distribution and the performance of the side-scan sonar (SSS) is evaluated. The proposed path planner is validated in a complex terrain scenario which proves that the SAR-A* path planner can increase confidence in locating the target quickly, and is suitable for the large-scale SAR.
Synthesis and characterisation of copper vanadate quantum dots / nanostructured zinc oxide
Authors: Wee W Q , Sim L C , Leong K H , Saravanan P 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
0D/3D heterojunction photocatalyst, specifically copper vanadate (CuVA) quantum dots (0D) / nanostructured zinc oxide (ZnO) (3D), has been prepared using in-situ reaction method. pH of 8 yielded the optimum nanostructure for the hydrothermal synthesis of ZnO nanorods. Characterisation of heterojunction photocatalysts obtained using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis indicates that this method is effective for incorporating quantum dots (QDs) onto ZnO. FTIR at wavenumber 3537, 1360 and 734 cm−1 showed a decreasing transmission peak as the amount of CuVA increases with respect to ZnO. EDX had showed an increasing trend in copper and vanadium elemental percentage in CuVA-ZnO as the targeted CuVA loading increases. 30 wt% CuVA QDs loaded onto ZnO was found to be the optimal mass loading to degrade sulfadiazine (SDZ), at 17.01% with initial concentration of 10 mgL−1. This work is expected to provide a suitable alternative as a photocatalyst to degrade pollutants, with antibiotics being the focus of this work.
Coal-fired steam turbine power plant using oxygen-rich air as oxidizer
Authors: Komarov I I , Osipov S K , Shcherbatov I A , Makhmutov B A , Kaplanovich I B 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Mitigation of harmful and greenhouse gas emissions produced by the coal combustion in thermal power plant is a topic goal. Reduction of the nitrogen oxides, sulfur and ash emissions makes remarkable progress but the carbon dioxide emission still meets considerable difficulties mostly caused by the low greenhouse gas content in the flue gas. A prospective solution to this problem may be the fuel combustion in oxygen-enriched air, which increases the flue gas carbon dioxide content. In this technology, the carbon dioxide content in flue gas is higher and this results in its easier capture. This paper presents the thermodynamic analysis results of a steam turbine power production facility that burns coal in the air with high oxygen content. The computer simulation shows that the oxygen content increase from 21 to 95.6% increases the carbon dioxide content in flue gas by a factor of 3.3 and lowers the power consumption for carbon dioxide capture by 11%. On the other side, the power consumption for pure oxygen production reduces the facility’s net efficiency from 28.54 to 21.59%.
Comparative analysis of the efficiency of using hydrogen and steam methane reforming storage at combined cycle gas turbine for cogeneration
Authors: Komarov I I , Rogalev A N , Kharlamova D M , Yu Naumov V , Shabalova S I 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Combined cycle gas turbine cogeneration power plants provide maximal thermal efficiency. The facility thermal load depends upon ambient conditions and it may limit its unloading degree, or control range. Energy accumulation extends the control range by the energy storing during the power excess period and the energy discharge during the high consumption period. This paper considers two accumulation technologies, with the steam methane reforming and with hydrogen storage by using electrolyzer and fuel cell. In steam methane reforming technology a part of heat recovery steam generator steam passes to the synthetic gas production and reduces the electric power production during the low load periods. During the peak load periods, the synthetic gas is burned in combined cycle gas turbine and peak load gas turbine combustors. In hydrogen accumulation technology the excessive power produces hydrogen in an electrolyzer, which is stored and used during the peak load periods in fuel cells for additional electricity production. The simulation was carried out in the Aspen Plus software, the thermo-physical fluid properties were determined using the Peng-Robinson state equation. Application of the steam methane reforming accumulation technology increases the facility contribution margin by 2.6%, the hydrogen accumulation technology reduces this margin by 0.1%.
Field measurement of indoor environment of a room with single-sided sliding glass opening
Authors: Wellun Z , Mohammad Yusoff W F , Mohamed M F , Mat Sulaiman K A , Mohammad Rasani M R 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The indoor environment of a room is also affected by the opening type and configuration. The application of an opening in a building is mainly influenced by its aesthetic look rather than its environmental performance. Understanding of an opening’s impact towards the indoor environment is essential. The impact of a single-sided sliding glass opening to the indoor environment of a room discussed using field measurement. A room located in a two-storey detached house was selected. Total of ten days from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m., the sliding glass was slid to one side to allow natural ventilation into the room, hence, a cavity was created in between the two glasses. The results of the study indicated that high heat accumulation was detected at the glass surface area which faced the cavity and the air velocity in the room was found to be lower than the outdoor wind speed. This study provides important findings on the performance of a single-sided sliding glass opening and how it impacts the indoor environment of a room then help the building owner, designer, and people in the built environment industry to further understand the performance of sliding glass openings.