bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluación de técnicas coprodiagnósticas para Toxocara canis
Authors: Cárdenas Camacho Jessica , Lesmes Infante Karen Isabel , Torres Tocasuche Marly Carolina , Alcantara-Neves Neuza Maria , Jaramillo Hernández Dumar Alexander 
Published: July 2021

El estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la sensibilidad de técnicas coprodiagnósticas para determinar cuantitativamente la presencia de huevos de Toxocara canis en muestras de heces frescas de caninos. Para ello, se extrajeron huevos del útero de hembras adultas de T. canis obtenidas de cachorros caninos. Se utilizaron ocho concentraciones de huevos (10, 50, 75, 100, 250, 500, 750 y 1 000 huevos por gramo de materia fecal – hpg), siendo considerados como el gold standard para determinar el grado de precisión de las técnicas Kato-Katz, McMaster, McMaster modificado mejorado y Faust. Se utilizaron tres repeticiones por técnica y por concentración. La sensibilidad de cada prueba se realizó mediante el cálculo aritmético y curva ROC (IC95%), comparándolas con el gold standard mediante una prueba no paramétrica de los rangos con signo de Wilcoxon (p<0.05). La técnica Faust detectó huevos de T. canis sin importar la concentración, pero en desigualdad estadística con el gold standard (p<0.001 a p<0.0001). La técnica Kato-Katz no presentó diferencias significativas con el gold standard, pero no detectó la presencia de huevos de T. canis en 10 y 50 hpg, mientras que la técnica McMaster modificado mejorado presentó similitud con el gold estandar en 100 y 250 hpg. El método de McMaster detectó huevos a partir de 100 hpg, obteniendo valores de hpg por debajo del gold standard (p<0.05 y p<0.001). Se obtuvieron sensibilidades de 74.72% (IC95% 72.93-80.22) para la técnica de Kato-Katz y entre 30 y 40% (IC95% 26.71-48.29) para las demás pruebas. Se concluye que la técnica Kato-Katz obtuvo un mejor desempeño en sensibilidad diagnóstica cuantitativa constante al comprarse con técnicas cotidianas cuantitativas de diagnóstico coprológico en laboratorios veterinarios para huevos de T. canis en muestras de heces frescas de canes.
Teaching Parents to Be Responsive: A Network Meta-analysis
Authors: Sokolovic Nina , Rodrigues Michelle , Tricco Andrea C. , Dobrina Roksana , Jenkins Jennifer M. 
Published: July 2021

CONTEXT:
Children who receive more responsive care during their early childhood tend to exhibit stronger cognitive development, mental well-being, and physical health across their life course.

OBJECTIVE:
Determine how to design effective responsivity training programs for caregivers.

DATA SOURCES:
We searched seven electronic databases through October 2020.

STUDY SELECTION:
Randomized trials (k = 120) of programs training parents of children ages 0 to 6 to be more responsive.

DATA EXTRACTION:
Two reviewers independently extracted data. Data were pooled by using random-effects pairwise and network meta-analyses.

RESULTS:
Programs had, on average, a medium effect (d = 0.56; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.47 to 0.65). The most effective programs included didactic teaching and opportunities for parents to observe models, practice skills, and receive feedback (d = 1.07; 95% CI: 0.37 to 1.77), or all these instructional methods in addition to reflection (d = 0.86; 95% CI: 0.64 to 1.09). Programs that had participants observe examples of responsivity (d = 0.70; 95% CI: 0.57 to 0.83), used researchers as facilitators (d = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.66 to 1.12), assigned homework (d = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.66 to 1.02), and had a narrow scope (d = 0.72; 95% CI: 0.57 to 0.87) were more effective than those that did not.

LIMITATIONS:
Most samples included only mothers from Western countries and lacked follow-up data.

CONCLUSIONS:
Having parents observe examples of responsive caregiving and complete home-practice in short, focused programs may be an effective, scalable approach to enhancing responsivity in the general population and reducing inequalities in child development.
Influence of geological reservoir heterogeneity on exploitation conditions of Garadagh field / underground gas storage (Azerbaijan)
Authors: Feyzullayev A. A. , Gojayev A. G. 
Published: July 2021

Underground oil and gas reservoirs (formations) are characterized by spatial variability of their structure, material composition and petrophysical properties of its constituent rocks: particle size distribution, porosity, permeability, structure and texture of the pore space, carbonate content, electrical resistivity, oil and water saturation and other properties. When assessing development and exploitation conditions for underground gas storages, created in depleted underground oil and gas reservoirs, the inherited nature of the reservoir development should be taken into account. Therefore, identifying the features of variations in well productivity is a crucial task, solution of which can contribute to the creation of more efficient system for underground gas storage exploitation. The paper presents the ﬁndings of comparative analysis of spatial variations in well productivity during the exploitation of the Garadagh underground gas storage (Azerbaijan), created in the depleted gas condensate reservoir. An uneven nature of the variations in well productivity was established, which was connected with the reservoir heterogeneity (variations in the reservoir lithological composition and poroperm properties). The research was based on the analysis of spatial variations of a number of reservoir parameters: the reservoir net thickness, lithological composition and poroperm properties. The analysis of variations in the net thickness and poroperm properties of the VII horizon of the Garadagh gas condensate ﬁeld was carried out based on the data of geophysical logging of about 40 wells and studying more than 90 core samples. The data on of more than 90 wells formed the basis for the spacial productivity variation analysis. The analysis of productivity variation in the space of well technological characteristics (based on data from 18 wells) in the Garadagh underground gas storage (UGS) was carried out through the example of the volume of cyclic gas injection and withdrawal in 2020–2021 season. The studies allowed revealing non-uniform spacial variations in the volumes of injected and withdrawn gas at the Garadagh UGS, created in the corresponding depleted gas condensate reservoir. The features of the UGS exploitation conditions are in good agreement with the features of the reservoir development conditions (variations in the well productivity). The inherited nature of the reservoir development and the underground gas storage exploitation is substantiated by the reservoir heterogeneity caused by the spatial variability of the reservoir lithological composition and poroperm properties. Assessing and taking into account the reservoir heterogeneity when designing underground gas storage exploitation conditions should be an important prerequisite for increasing UGS exploitation efficiency.
Sofrimento psíquico e a psicodinâmica no ambiente de trabalho do enfermeiro: revisão integrativa
Authors: Oliveira Alessandro Fabio de Carvalho , Teixeira Eneas Rangel , Athanázio Alcinéia Rodrigues , Soares Rafael da Silva 
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: Identificar a presença de sofrimento psíquico no ambiente de trabalho do enfermeiro e a relação com seu estado emocional. Método: Revisão integrativa da literatura comparada em estudos acadêmicos dos últimos seis anos, compreendendo uma temática da psicodinâmica do trabalho em enfermagem. Resultados: Os 20 artigos analisados posicionam-se como favoráveis à presença de prazer e sofrimento no trabalho da Enfermagem. Conclusão : o sofrimento psíquico do enfermeiro é um fator que interfere na sua vida pessoal e profissional, devendo popularizar ou debater sobre os mecanismos para confrontar o sentimento de sofrimento no ambiente de trabalho.
«La Estafeta de Londres» de Francisco Mariano Nifo, otro precedente de las Cartas marruecas de Cadalso
Authors: Villamediana González Leticia 
Published: July 2021

Los periódicos espectadores españoles han sido señalados como precursores textuales de las Cartas Marruecas (1789; 1793) de José Cadalso, especialmente en cuanto al uso de la correspondencia ficticia. No obstante, paralelamente a la introducción de esta prensa crítica en España, Francisco Mariano Nifo publicó su periódico la Estafeta de Londres (1762), semanario estructurado como una colección de cartas que, mediante el estudio y observación de Inglaterra, reflexionan con ánimo autocrítico y sentido utilitario sobre la situación de decadencia española. Teniendo en cuenta las estrategias retóricas de este periódico, hasta ahora no estudiadas, así como su finalidad, el presente trabajo pretende resaltar el papel de la Estafeta de Londres como precedente textual de la obra de Cadalso.PALABRAS CLAVEEstafeta de Londres, Francisco Mariano Nifo, Cartas Marruecas, José Cadalso, literatura epistolar. The Spanish essay-periodicals have been highlighted as textual precursors to José Cadalso’s Cartas Marruecas (1789; 1793), especially in regard to the use of fictitious correspondence. However, simultaneous to the introduction of this new type of press in Spain, Nifo published his Estafeta de Londres, a newspaper structured as a collection of letters that, by means of study and observation of England, reflects upon Spanish decadence with a self-critical and practical intention. Taking into account the primary purpose and rethorical strategies of this newspaper (topics which have thus far escaped critical attention), this study aims to illuminate the role of Estafeta de Londres as a textual precedent of Cadalso´s work.KEYWORDSEstafeta de Londres, Francisco Mariano Nifo, Cartas Marruecas, José Cadalso, epistolary literature.
The fine structure of the Earth's core
Authors: Adams R. D. , Randall M. J. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Detailed study of arrivals from accurately fixed earthquakes has revealed additional complexity in the travel-time curve for PKP. A notation is introduced in which observations are denoted by P′ with a two-letter suffix indicating the branch to which they belong, namely P′AB, P′IJ, P′GH and P′DF. A new velocity solution for the Earth's core has been derived from these observations. This velocity solution differs from those previously suggested in having three discontinuous increases in velocity between the outer and inner core, at levels corresponding to 0.570, 0.455 and 0.362 times the radius of the core. This implies two shells, each between 300 and 400 km thick, surrounding the inner core; in each shell there is a small negative velocity gradient. The outer discontinuity is sufficiently shallow to prevent rays in the outer core from forming a caustic.
Mode-ray duality
Authors: Ben-Menahem Ari 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Earlier results in the theory of terrestrial radio waves are applied to seismology. A partial field of the complete eigen-value solution for a sphere can be interpreted as real rays. Watson's transformation and the WKBJ approximation are employed to establish links between the index trio (l, m, n) of a mode and the corresponding parameters of the ray trajectory associated with this mode. It is shown that Snell's law for rays and Jean's formula are complementary. The condition of constructive interference is expressed as an integral equation for the eigen-frequencies nωl.
Spectral response of an elastic sphere to dipolar point-sources
Authors: Ben-Menahem Ari 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A stratified elastic sphere is excited by an harmonic dipolar source of arbitrary orientation and depth. The total field is expanded in series of vector spherical harmonics and then condensed into a convenient form of a displacement dyadic. The Haskell-Gilbert matrix method is employed to obtain the radial factor of the displacements for a multilayered sphere. The dependence of the field on the azimuth angle and the fault elements is obtained for the case of a double-couple at depth. Expressions are also developed for the radiation pattern of surface waves over a spherical stratified earth.
Excitation of free oscillations of the earth by the Kurile Islands earthquake of 13 October 1963
Authors: Alsop L. E. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Peaks corresponding to free oscillation of the earth have been observed in the spectrum of a seismogram written following the Kurile Islands earthquake of 13 October 1963 by a special long-period vertical seismograph, with a 60-second pendulum. The periods obtained for the free oscillations, which are all of the spheroidal type, and which lie in a range of 200 to 1000 seconds, are in good agreement with values previously obtained from the great Chilean earthquake of 22 May 1960. No spectral peaks are observed at periods shorter than 200 seconds. This same phenomenon was observed in the spectra of the Chilean earthquake, and it is probably associated with the properties of the vibrating medium, i.e., the upper mantle, rather than with the source.
On a possible explanation of the PF-phase
Authors: Ghosh M. L. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
As an explanation for PF phase, the author has considered propagation of Stoneley waves along the inclined continental margin which constitutes the interface of liquid and solid media. An iterative process has been applied to find the displacement on the level surface. The results agree with observations of PF phase and it has been suggested that PF are probably Stoneley waves.
Application of communication network theory to the electromagnetic seismograph
Authors: Dopp S. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Communication network theory is applied to the equivalent circuit of the electromagnetic seismograph. The seismograph's transfer function is derived in the general case of an arbitrary linear passive coupling network between pendulum and galvanometer. Examples are given, one of which refers to the construction of a band-pass filter in the form of a lattice of filter galvanometers.
Propagation of Love waves in a fluid-saturated porous layer lying beteen two elastic half-spaces
Authors: Paul M. K. 
Published: July 2021

abstract
Propagation of Love waves in a fluid saturated porous layer lying between two elastic half-spaces has been considered in this note. It has been found that in the case of small porosity factor, the wavelength of the Love wave propagated in a fluid saturated porous layer increases or decreases in comparison with the case of elastic intermediate layer according as the density of the solid is greater or less than that of the fluid filling the pores.
Attenuation of shear waves in the upper and lower mantle
Authors: Kovach Robert L. , Anderson Don L. 
Published: July 2021

abstract
The attenuation of seismic waves is a direct measure of the absorption due to nonelastic processes in the earth. The well known difficulties in obtaining body wave amplitude decrement data have been avoided by studying the spectral ratios of multiple ScS and sScS phases from two deep focus earthquakes recorded at near normal incidence. The average Q, for shear, in the mantle is about 600 for the frequency range 0.015 to 0.07 cps. Assuming that equal radiation occurs upwards and downwards from the source the average Q for the upper 600 km of the mantle is determined to be about 200 and about 2200 for the rest of the mantle. The value for Q at the base of the mantle is at least 5000 for shear waves.
Seismic waves with frequencies from 1 to 100 cycles per second recorded in a deep mine in Northern New Jersey
Authors: Isacks Bryan , Oliver Jack 
Published: July 2021

abstractA vertical component seismograph with a magnification of about 8 million at 20 cps was operated cps was operated 1780 feet below the surface at the Sterling mine of the New Jersey Zinc Company in Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Background noise, local earthquakes and teleseismic body phases were recorded. For frequencies greater than 2 cps, the continuous part of the background noise was fairly stationary during nighttime recording intervals and at a level lower than that at all but 9 of the 54 sites surveyed by Frantti (1963).During 730 hours of recording at quiet background noise levels, 8 local earthquakes were detected. Six local shocks were recorded during an additional 2160 hours by conventional short period instrumentation located at Ogdensburg and Sterling Forest, New York. These data, combined with historical data on the occurrence of 22 larger shocks local to the area, are consistent with a linear relation between the logarithm of earthquake number and magnitude. This relation is given by log N = 2.6−0.9M, where N is the annual number of earthquakes which occur within 300 km of Ogdensburg and which have magnitudes greater than or equal to M. On this basis the seismicity of the area, which lies within a region of Paleozoic and early Mesozoic diastrophism, is about 2 orders of magnitude less than that of Southern California, 3 orders of magnitude less than that of the Garm region in Central Asia, and 4 orders of magnitude less than that of the Kwanto region in Japan.Phases from 18 distant earthquakes were recorded by the high gain instrument. Only P and S phases from West Indies shocks, 20 degrees distant, exhibited motion with frequencies greater than 3 cps.
A note on the Alaska earthquake of July 10, 1958
Authors: Gupta Indra N. 
Published: July 2021

abstract
A second phase arriving about 10 seconds later than the first P wave is seen on many seismograms used by Stauder (1960) in his study of the Alaska earthquake of July 10, 1958. Treating this event as an independent occurrence, it is proposed that this second event was caused by a “jerk” during the course of the propagation of the fault. Agreement with the fault mechanisms proposed by Stauder (1960) and Ben-Menahem and Toksoz (1963) is satisfactory.
Partition of energy in the focal region of earthquakes
Authors: Niazi Mansour 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A spherical focal model is considered in which the release of the shear energy at the time of rupture sets up a laminar displacement field. Based on some geodetic observations, the field is assumed to decrease gradually as the distance from the focal point increases. This assumption allows the fault plane to be of finite extent.
The concept of static elasticity is applied to evaluate the fraction of stored shear energy which is released with the occurrence of an earthquake. Comparison of the distribution of the strain energy density in the focal region before and after rupture leads to some explanation about the partition of energy in that region.
The application of the model to three shallow earthquakes in the western United States yields energies comparable to those given previously.
Wave propagation phenomena at an irregular infinite interface: Part II: The free surface
Authors: Adams W. M. , Schubel E. K. , Schlesinger E. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this paper the problem of scattering of a plane, simple harmonic acoustic wave from a free surface is treated. The boundary is rough as defined in Part I. Numerical results obtained by means of an IBM 7094 computer are given.
Comparison of theoretical and observational expressions for elastic strains of the earth
Authors: Takeuchi H. , Alsop L. E. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Transitional equations are provided between the quantities obtained in theoretical studies of tidal deformation, loading, and free oscillations of the earth and the empirical quantities obtained from observations of these phenomena. Tables of theoretical quantities are provided so that estimates may be made of the values to be expected observationally. Several examples are discussed.
Vibration of multistory buildings considering floor and wall deformations
Authors: Goldberg John E. , Herness Ervin D. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The vibration problem of multistory buildings, considering both shear and bending deformations in floors and in stiffening walls, is formulated and methods for calculating the normal modes and associated natural frequencies are described and illustrated.
A generalized slope deflection equation is used which takes into account shear deformation in addition to the flexural deformation conventionally included. This generalization permits the inclusion of shear deformation effects with no increase in the number of equations. Using this equation to represent the action of walls, a method for calcuating the modes and frequencies of stiffened multistory buildings is described. Going further and using the generalized equation to represent the action of floor slabs, a method for determining the two-dimensional modes and frequencies of stiffened and unstiffened multistory buildings with relatively long and narrow floors is presented. These modes and frequencies, which are not obtainable through the use of the usual analytical model, may be quite important in seismic design of this type of building.
As illustrative examples, the theory and method are applied to the calculation of several modes and frequencies of a 10-story building and a 20-story stiffened building.
A procedure for source studies from spectrums of long-period seismic body waves
Authors: Ben-Menahem Ari , Smith Stewart W. , Teng Ta-Liang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The well-known first motion method of Nakano and Byerly is extended, generalized and combined with recent new ideas in body wave theory in order to set up a routine procedure for extracting source parameters from spectral analysis of isolated P and S pulses recorded at a net of standardized stations around a non-shallow source.
The method consists of compensating the observed spectrums for instrumental and propagational effects. A combined study of the resulting radiation patterns, initial phases, and the initial amplitudes will render information regarding the spatial and temporal nature of deep and intermediate earthquake sources as seen through the spectral window of 10-100 seconds. The shorter periods can be used for source studies only if an accurate station correction is available.
Comments on a paper by Papadopoulos on the use of singular integrals in wave propagation problems
Authors: Longman I. M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In a recent paper Papadopoulos [1]1 claims to have obtained solutions to the problem of sound propagation from an impulsive point source in a semi-infinite elastic solid which differ in certain respects from solutions previously obtained by Pekeris [2], [3], and by Pekeris and Lifson [4]. The results of Papadopoulos are based on a singular integral source representation developed by him [5]. By tests based on simple special cases we show that, in a number of cases where Papadopoulos claims a result different from that of Pekeris, the results of Papadopoulos are unacceptable whereas the results of Pekeris are acceptable. Reasons for these errors in Papadopoulos's work are suggested. A number of other errors in the paper of Papadopoulos are also noted.
1 Numbers in brackets refer to references at rear.
Investigations on surface-waves generated by explosion
Authors: Bisztricsány E. , Kiss Z. , Molnár K. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Surface-waves generated by explosion were investigated at distances between 1 and 20 km. On the basis of seismograms and particle motions two principal surface-wave groups can be separated. In the first group of surface waves the rotation of particles is progressive, while in hat of the second retrograde.