bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biological and pharmacological activities of noscapine: Focusing on its receptors and mechanisms
Authors: Nourbakhsh Fahimeh , Askari Vahid Reza 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNoscapine has been mentioned as one of the effective drugs with potential therapeutic applications. With few side effects and amazing capabilities, noscapine can be considered different from other opioids‐like structure compounds. Since 1930, extensive studies have been conducted in the field of pharmacological treatments from against malaria to control cough and cancer treatment. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that noscapine and some analogues, like 9‐bromonoscapine, amino noscapine, and 9‐nitronoscapine, can be used to treat polycystic ovaries syndrome, stroke, and other diseases. Given the numerous results presented in this field and the role of different receptors in the therapeutic effects of noscapine, we aimed to review the properties, therapeutic effects, and the role of receptors in the treatment of noscapine.
Charge transfer study for semiconductor and semiconductor/ metal composites based on surface‐enhanced Raman scattering
Authors: Yang Bo , Wang Ye , Guo Shuang , Jin Sila , Park Eungyeong , Chen Lei , Jung Young Mee 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWith the development of the surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique, new multipurpose and multiperformance SERS‐active substrates have been developed. Semiconductor and semiconductor/metal composites show versatility and SERS activity for theoretical and practical applications. Semiconductor‐based SERS substrates with different microstructures, materials and compositions have been prepared to explore the enhancement effect on Raman signals. The discovery of the SERS enhancement effect of semiconductors makes up for the gap that SERS development is limited to metal‐based materials. Semiconductor/metal composite substrates have established preparation technology that is compatible with the characteristics of different materials to form a stable and solid substrate that can regulate the SERS enhancement mechanism. These composites establish a good model for the theoretical research of SERS, which is of great significance to explore its enhancement mechanism. In this review, various semiconductor materials are introduced as SERS‐active substrates. Versatile applications of semiconductor‐based SERS and its enhancement mechanism are also presented.
Poor tumor differentiation is an independent adverse prognostic variable in patients with locally advanced oral cavity cancer––Comparison with pathological risk factors according to the NCCN guidelines
Authors: Lee Li‐Yu , Lin Chien‐Yu , Cheng Nai‐Ming , Tsai Chi‐Ying , Hsueh Chuen , Fan Kang‐Hsing , Wang Hung‐Ming , Hsieh Chia‐Hsun , Ng Shu‐Hang , Yeh Chih‐Hua , Lin Chih‐Hung , Tsao Chung‐Kan , Fang Tuan‐Jen , Huang Shiang‐Fu , Lee Li‐Ang , Kang Chung‐Jan , Fang Ku‐Hao , Wang Yu‐Chien , Lin Wan‐Ni , Hsin Li‐Jen , Yen Tzu‐Chen , Liao Chun‐Ta 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMethodsWe sought to compare the prognostic impact of tumor differentiation with respect to adverse risk factors (RFs) identified by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines––including extranodal extension (ENE), positive/close margins, perineural invasion, lymphatic invasion, and vascular invasion––in patients with locally advanced oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC).ResultsBetween 1996 and 2018, 1179 consecutive patients with first primary pT3–4 OCSCC were included. A three‐level grading system was adopted––in which the final classification was assigned according to the most prevalent tumor grade. We identified 382/669/128 patients with well/moderately/poorly differentiated tumors, respectively. Compared with well/moderately differentiated tumors, poorly differentiated OCSCC had a higher prevalence of the following variables: female sex (4%/6%/11%), ENE, (14%/36%/61%), positive margins (0.5%/2%/4%), close margins (10%/14%/22%), perineural invasion (22%/50%/63%), lymphatic invasion (2%/9%/17%), vascular invasion (1%/4%/10%), and adjuvant therapy (64%/80%/87%). The 5‐year rates of patients with well/moderately/poorly differentiated OCSCC were as follows: local control (LC, 85%/82%/84%, p = 0.439), neck control (NC, 91%/83%/70%, p < 0.001), distant metastases (DM, 6%/18%/40%, p < 0.001), disease‐free survival (DFS, 78%/63%/46%, p < 0.001), disease‐specific survival (DSS, 85%/71%/49%, p < 0.001), and overall survival (OS, 68%/55%/39%, p < 0.001). Multivariable analysis identified the following variables as independent prognosticators for 5‐year outcomes: ENE (LC/NC/DM/DFS/DSS/OS), poorly differentiated tumors (NC/DM/DFS/DSS/OS), positive margins (LC/DFS), lymphatic invasion (DFS/DSS/OS), perineural invasion (DM), and age ≥65 years (OS).ConclusionsIn addition to ENE, poor tumor differentiation was identified as the second most relevant adverse RF for patients with pT3–4 OCSCC. We suggest that the NCCN guidelines should include poor tumor differentiation as an adverse RF to refine and tailor clinical management.
The impact of state and federal policies on community college correctional education programs
Authors: Thouin Caroline 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAs interest in reducing the nation's incarceration rates grows, a shift in policy in favor of education for incarcerated individuals is occurring. This article focuses on the expansive role that community colleges have in offering educational opportunities to individuals in both jails and prisons around the country. This article provides an overview of the correctional education programs that are offered by community colleges, details the state and federal policies that impact these programs, and offers recommendations for key decision‐makers, policymakers, and community college leaders.
Left femoral vein access for transcatheter mitral valve interventions in unfavorable interatrial septal anatomy
Authors: Maisano Francesco , Russo Giulio , Tagliari Ana Paula , Gavazzoni Mara , Taramasso Maurizio 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOptimal transseptal puncture (TSP) position on the interatrial septum as well as proper catheter direction and maneuverability in the left atrium (LA) are key elements for successful mitral valve (MV) interventions. TSP is usually performed from the right femoral vein being more comfortable for the operator and easier to reach the fossa ovalis. In the cases reported, TSP was performed from left femoral vein (LFV) to improve delivery system maneuverability and trajectory inside the LA in the context of MV repair with MitraClip. According to this early experience, LFV approach might be considered as first choice or as an alternative solution in patients in whom a higher position of the delivery system relative to the mitral annulus is needed.
Ligand Functionalized Iron‐Based Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Efficient Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Qi Qianglong , Tai Jun , Hu Jue , Zhang Zihan , Dai Linqing , Song Hongchuan , Shao Minhua , Zhang Chengxu , Zhang Libo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFe‐based metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) have been reported as potential catalysts for electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, it is still a great challenge to rationally design robust MOF catalysts with reasonable ligands due to the lack of research on tunable structure architecture. Herein, a series of Fe‐based MOFs with tunable ligands have been designed and synthesized for OER for the first time. The functionalized Fe‐MOFs‐NHCHO and Fe‐MOFs‐NO2 derived catalysts show higher OER activity than the pristine Fe‐MOFs. Remarkably, the best‐performing Fe‐MOFs‐NHCHO shows an ultra‐low overpotential of 246 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2, which is 37 mV lower than Fe‐MOFs. This research provides a new design concept based on MOFs materials, in the hope of finding excellent OER catalysts.
New chromanone derivatives containing thiazoles: Synthesis and antitumor activity evaluation on A549 lung cancer cell line
Authors: Yurttaş Leyla , Temel Halide Edip , Aksoy Mehmet Onur , Bülbül Emre Fatih , Çiftçi Gülşen Akalin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNovel 2‐[2‐(chroman‐4‐ylidene)hydrazinyl]‐4/5‐substituted thiazole derivatives (2a–i) were synthesized and investigated for their anticancer activity. Cytotoxic activity on A549 and NIH/3T3 cell lines was determined, most of the compounds exhibited high cytotoxic profile with selectivity. Selected compounds 2b, 2c, 2e, 2g, 2h, and 2i were tested to determine induction of apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, and cell cycle arrest. The results showed that the compounds induced apoptosis intrinsically that they triggered loss of mitochondrial potential through increasing the accumulation of cells in G2/M. Besides, intrinsic apoptotic pathway was supported by down‐regulation of anti‐apoptotic protein Bcl‐2 and up‐regulation of proapoptotic protein Bax. Molecular docking study for compounds 2b, 2c, and 2g was promoted experimental outcomes.
The shrub Ephedra californica facilitates arthropod communities along a regional desert climatic gradient
Authors: Braun Jenna , Westphal Michael , Lortie Christopher J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractArthropods underpin arid community dynamics and provide many key ecosystem services. In arid ecosystems, the key habitat components that influence arthropod community structure are relatively understudied. Ephedra californica is a locally abundant shrub now restricted to highly fragmented populations with established positive effects on plant and vertebrate animal communities within the drylands of Southern California. The capacity for these positive effects to further support ground arthropod communities has not been examined. We tested the hypothesis that the physical structure and cover vegetation enhance key measures of arthropod community assembly at nine Californian desert sites that comprise an extensive regional aridity gradient. We contrasted the effects of shrub canopies with ground‐covering vegetation on structuring ground‐active arthropod communities by surveying ground‐active arthropods with pitfall traps and collecting vegetation on the soil surface in the form of residual dry matter (RDM). We collected a total of 5820 individual arthropod specimens for a total of 159 morphospecies. Arthropod abundance and morphospecies richness and RDM biomass and cover were significantly greater beneath the canopy of E. californica throughout the region. Total biomass of RDM did not significantly influence arthropod communities, but cover of RDM on the soil surface negatively influenced arthropod abundance. Neither climatic aridity nor downscaled evaporative stress estimates were significant mediators of the arthropod‐vegetation association patterns. Vegetation thus likely has direct and indirect physical effects on arthropod communities. These canopy vs. soil surface vegetation differences will refine sampling of fine‐scale patterns of arthropod diversity in drylands. Regional land managers can support arthropod diversity by maintaining populations of foundation shrub species such as E. californica.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed [4+2] Annulation of N‐Aryl Pyrazolones with Diazo Compounds To Access Pyrazolone‐Fused Cinnolines
Authors: Lin Chih‐Yu , Huang Wan‐Wen , Huang Ying‐Ti , Dhole Sandip , Sun Chung‐Ming 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAn efficient synthesis of novel dinitrogen‐fused heterocycles such as pyrazolo[1,2‐a]cinnoline derivatives have been accomplished by the rhodium(III)‐catalyzed reaction of N‐arylpyrazol‐5‐ones with α‐diazo compounds. This reaction proceeds through a cascade C−H activation/intramolecular cyclization with a broad substrate scope. Furthermore, this protocol is successfully extended to the unusual phosphorus‐containing α‐diazo compounds and cyclic diazo compounds as the cross‐coupling partners to deliver the two new kinds of pyrazolo[1,2‐a]cinnolinones. The control experiments were performed to reveal insight into the mechanism of this reaction, involving reversible C−H activation, migratory insertion of the diazo compound, and cascade cyclization as the key steps of the transformation. Moreover, gram‐scale synthesis and further transformation of the target product demonstrate the synthetic utility of the present protocol.
Novelties in Dyckia (Pitcairnioideae ‐ Bromeliaceae) from the South America dry diagonal: Two new species, a new combination and a new name
Authors: Antar Guilherme Medeiros , Faria Jair Eustáquio Quintino , Rosa Priscila Oliveira , Soares Augusto Cesar Alencar , Forzza Rafaela Campostrini 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDyckia is a South American genus mostly distributed in the Brazilian Cerrado and Caatinga domains, which are part of the South American dry diagonal where it represents an important floristic and ecological component. Following phylogenetic studies, the genus was recently expanded to include species previously placed in Encholirium and Deuterocohnia. With this new delimitation, Dyckia comprises ca. 220 species, of which some are micro‐endemic. We present novelties in the genus for the South American dry diagonal based on fieldwork, herbarium specimens and the literature. Two new micro‐endemic species are described: Dyckia avacanoeira, endemic to Chapada dos Veadeiros; and Dyckia oreadica, endemic to the Jalapão region. We provide complete descriptions, illustrations, distribution maps, photographs, preliminary conservation assessments and comments on the taxonomy and ecology of the two species. Additionally, in view of the new circumscription of Dyckia, we provide a new name, Dyckia viridiflora, to replace an illegitimate name, and a new combination, Dyckia josinoi‐narcisae, for a species previously placed in Encholirium.
Mammary tissue proteomics in a pig model indicates that dietary valine supplementation increases milk fat content via increased de novo synthesis of fatty acid
Authors: Che Long , Xu Mengmeng , Gao Kaiguo , Wang Li , Yang Xuefen , Wen Xiaolu , Xiao Hao , Li Mengyun , Jiang Zongyong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMilk fat is a major source of energy that determines the growth of neonates. Recently, studies have shown that valine is closely related to lipid metabolism. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the effects of dietary valine supplementation on milk fat synthesis using a pig model. Thirty gilts were allotted to low (LV, total valine:lysine = 0.63:1), medium (MV, total valine:lysine = 0.73:1), and high (HV, total valine:lysine = 0.93:1) valine feeding levels from Day 75 of gestation till farrowing. The results demonstrated that the concentration of milk fat at Days 1, 3, and 7 of lactation in the HV group was higher than that in the MV and LV groups. The HV group had an increased (p < .05) proportion of total saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids than the other groups. Examination of mammary tissue proteomics in the HV and LV groups revealed 121 differentially expressed proteins (68 upregulated and 53 downregulated in the HV group). The upregulated proteins in the HV group were relevant to some crucial pathways related to milk fat synthesis, including fatty acid biosynthesis and metabolism, the AMPK signaling pathway, and oxidative phosphorylation. Furthermore, the key proteins involved in fatty acid synthesis (ACACA and FASN) were identified, and their expression levels were verified (p < .05) using Western blotting. Our findings revealed that dietary valine supplementation improves milk fat synthesis by modulating the expression of fatty acid synthesis–related proteins in mammary tissues.
SRI‐42127, a novel small molecule inhibitor of the RNA regulator HuR, potently attenuates glial activation in a model of lipopolysaccharide‐induced neuroinflammation
Authors: Chellappan Rajeshwari , Guha Abhishek , Si Ying , Kwan Thaddaeus , Nabors Louis B. , Filippova Natalia , Yang Xiuhua , Myneni Anish S. , Meesala Shriya , Harms Ashley S. , King Peter H. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGlial activation with the production of pro‐inflammatory mediators is a major driver of disease progression in neurological processes ranging from acute traumatic injury to chronic neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. Posttranscriptional regulation is a major gateway for glial activation as many mRNAs encoding pro‐inflammatory mediators contain adenine‐ and uridine‐rich elements (ARE) in the 3′ untranslated region which govern their expression. We have previously shown that HuR, an RNA regulator that binds to AREs, plays a major positive role in regulating inflammatory cytokine production in glia. HuR is predominantly nuclear in localization but translocates to the cytoplasm to exert a positive regulatory effect on RNA stability and translational efficiency. Homodimerization of HuR is necessary for translocation and we have developed a small molecule inhibitor, SRI‐42127, that blocks this process. Here we show that SRI‐42127 suppressed HuR translocation in LPS‐activated glia in vitro and in vivo and significantly attenuated the production of pro‐inflammatory mediators including IL1β, IL‐6, TNF‐α, iNOS, CXCL1, and CCL2. Cytokines typically associated with anti‐inflammatory effects including TGF‐β1, IL‐10, YM1, and Arg1 were either unaffected or minimally affected. SRI‐42127 suppressed microglial activation in vivo and attenuated the recruitment/chemotaxis of neutrophils and monocytes. RNA kinetic studies and luciferase studies indicated that SRI‐42127 has inhibitory effects both on mRNA stability and gene promoter activation. In summary, our findings underscore HuR's critical role in promoting glial activation and the potential for SRI‐42127 and other HuR inhibitors for treating neurological diseases driven by this activation.
Ultrasensitive Assay for Hepatitis B Core‐Related Antigen Predicts Hepatocellular Carcinoma Incidences During Entecavir
Authors: Hosaka Tetsuya , Suzuki Fumitaka , Kobayashi Mariko , Fujiyama Shunichiro , Kawamura Yusuke , Sezaki Hitomi , Akuta Norio , Kobayashi Masahiro , Suzuki Yoshiyuki , Saitoh Satoshi , Arase Yasuji , Ikeda Kenji , Kumada Hiromitsu 
Published: September 2021

Serum hepatitis B core‐related antigen (HBcrAg) and surface antigen (HBsAg) are surrogate markers of intrahepatic covalently closed circular DNA. The measurement range of the current HBcrAg assay is relatively narrow. Thus, we examined the potential of HBcrAg and HBsAg measured by ultrasensitive assays for predicting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development in patients with chronic hepatitis B treated with entecavir (ETV). We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 180 patients who received ETV for >1 year. All patients had hepatitis B e‐antigen negativity at baseline. Serum HBcrAg and HBsAg levels at baseline and year 1 were measured in all patients by ultrasensitive assays using immunoassay for total antigen including complex by pretreatment (iTACT) technology. During the median follow‐up of 11.0 years, 22 patients developed HCC (11.8/1,000 person‐years). Baseline HBsAg levels were not associated with HCC development during ETV treatment. However, high HBcrAg levels at baseline and at year 1 were significantly associated with HCC development (log‐rank test; P < 0.001). In 110 patients (61.1%) with ≥4.0 log U/mL at baseline (high HBcrAg cohort), HBcrAg declined to ≤2.9 log U/mL at year 1 in 25 patients (22.7%). The adjusted hazard ratio for HCC incidence was significantly lower in patients with HBcrAg ≤2.9 log U/mL at year 1 than in those in the high HBcrAg cohort. Conclusion: Measurement of HBcrAg by ultrasensitive assay has better potential for predicting HCC during antiviral treatment than the current HBcrAg assay.
Comparison of naltrexone implant and oral buprenorphine‐naloxone in the treatment of opiate use disorder
Authors: Erdoğan Ali , Topcuoğlu Müge , Coşkun Mustafa Nogay , Cinemre Buket , Kulaksızoğlu Burak , Kuloğlu Mehmet Murat 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to compare the effectiveness of extended‐release naltrexone (XR‐NTX) implant and sublingual buprenorphine‐naloxone (BUP‐NX) in relapse prevention in opiate use disorder (OUD).MethodsMedical records of 400 patients who were treated for OUD between 2016 and 2020 were retrospectively evaluated concerning sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and abstinence duration with either BUP‐NX (192 patients) or XR‐NTX (208 patients) as maintenance treatments.ResultsThe median age of patients using BUP‐NX was 25.00, and the median age of patients using XR‐NTX was 25.50 (p = .785). The ratio of female patients in the BUP‐NX group and the XR‐NTX group was 7.3% (n = 14) and 6.7% (n = 14), respectively. A significantly higher abstinence time was observed in the BUP‐NX group (median = 4 months) than in the XR‐NTX group (median = 3 months) (p = .015). Liver function tests were within the normal ranges at the three time points, which were just before the beginning and in the first and third months of treatment.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that BUP‐NX might be more effective than XR‐NTX in preventing relapse in OUD and both drugs are safe for the liver. Prospective randomized studies are needed to replicate our results.
The effect of low serum calcium level on the severity and mortality of Covid patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Alemzadeh Effat , Alemzadeh Esmat , Ziaee Masood , Abedi Ali , Salehiniya Hamid 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionImbalances of various electrolytes, including calcium, are associated with the prognosis of Covid disease. This study investigated the relationship between serum calcium and clinical outcomes in patients with COVID‐19.MethodThis study is a systematic review and meta‐analysis by searching PubMed, Scopus, web of sciences until August 2021 using the keywords COVID‐19, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), COVID, coronavirus disease, SARS‐COV‐infection. 2, SARS‐COV‐2, COVID19, calcium, calcium isotopes, calcium radioisotopes, hypercalcemia, and hypocalcemia were performed. Heterogeneity of studies was investigated using I2 index, data were analyzed using meta‐analysis (random effects model) with Comprehensive Meta‐Analysis Software software.ResultsFinally, 25 articles were included in the study. Clinical data from 12 articles showed that 59% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.49–0.68) of people with COVID‐19 have hypocalcemia. The results of meta‐analysis showed that hypocalcemia was significantly associated with severity of the disease (p = .002), mortality in patients with COVID‐19 (odds ratio [OR] = 6.99, 95% CI: 2.71–17.99), number of hospitalization days (p < .001) and admission to the intensive care unit (OR = 5.09, 95% CI: 2.14–12.10). The results also showed that there is a direct relationship between low serum calcium levels with increasing D‐dimer levels (p = .02) and decreasing lymphocyte counts (p = .007).ConclusionBased on the results of meta‐analysis in people with lower calcium, mortality and complications are higher, therefore, serum calcium is a prognostic factor in determining the severity of the disease. Consequently, it is suggested that serum calcium levels should be considered in initial assessments.