bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recommendations for nomenclature and definition of cell products intended for human cardiovascular use
Authors: Taylor Doris A , Chacon-Alberty Lourdes , Sampaio Luiz C , Hierro Mariana Gonzalez del , Perin Emerson C , Mesquita Fernanda C P , Henry Timothy D , Traverse Jay H , Pepine Carl J , Hare Joshua M , Murphy Michael P , Yang Phillip C , March Keith L , Vojvodic Rachel W , Ebert Ray F , Bolli Roberto ,   for the Cardiovascular Cell Therapy Research Network (CCTRN)
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Exogenous cell-based therapy has emerged as a promising new strategy to facilitate repair of hearts damaged by acute or chronic injury. However, the field of cell-based therapy is handicapped by the lack of standardized definitions and terminology, making comparisons across studies challenging. Even the term ‘stem cell therapy’ is misleading because only a small percentage of cells derived from adult bone marrow, peripheral blood, or adipose tissue meets the accepted haematopoietic or developmental definition of stem cells. Furthermore, cells (stem or otherwise) are dynamic biological products, meaning that their surface-marker expression, phenotypic and functional characteristics, and the products they secrete in response to their microenvironment can change. It is also important to point out that most surface markers are seldom specific for a cell type. In this article, we discuss the lack of consistency in the descriptive terminology used in cell-based therapies and offer guidelines aimed at standardizing nomenclature and definitions to improve communication among investigators and the general public.
Risk of Dementia Differs Across Lifestyle Engagement Subgroups: A Latent Class and Time-to-Event Analysis in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Moored Kyle D , Bandeen-Roche Karen , Snitz Beth E , DeKosky Steven T , Williamson Jeff D , Fitzpatrick Annette L , Carlson Michelle C 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Better understanding of the lifestyle activities shared among older adult subgroups may inform further health behavioral interventions that can be deployed at the group or community level. We applied latent class analysis to characterize qualitatively distinct lifestyle engagement groups, examined their differential risk of incident dementia, and compared their predictive utility to traditional activity frequency and variety scores.

Method
Participants were from the Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory Study (N = 3,068, mean age = 78.5). Lifestyle activities were measured at baseline using the Lifestyle Activity Questionnaire. All-cause dementia was screened every 6 months and cases were clinically adjudicated. Median follow-up was 6 years. Time to dementia was assessed using discrete-time proportional hazards models, adjusted for demographic and health covariates.

Results
Latent classes provided slightly poorer case discrimination than the frequency scores but identified distinct qualitative subgroups. In the 4-class model, the Variety (22%) and Intellectual (18%) lifestyle groups had high engagement in intellectual activities, whereas the Variety and Social groups (32%) had high engagement in formal social activities. Compared to the Least Active group (28%), the Variety (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.67, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.48, 0.93) and Intellectual (HR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.45, 0.93) groups had significantly lower risk of incident dementia, but only among those without prevalent mild cognitive impairment.

Discussion
Older adults highly engaged in intellectual activities, but not necessarily social activities, had the lowest risk of incident dementia. Activity frequency scores provided only slightly better case discrimination than activity variety scores and latent classes. Latent classes of older adults differed by their amount and types of activities, which may inform intervention design.
Age-Friendly Environment and Community-Based Social Innovation in Japan: A Mixed-Method Study
Authors: Aung Myo Nyein , Koyanagi Yuka , Ueno Satomi , Tiraphat Sariyamon , Yuasa Motoyuki 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background and Objectives
While governments are building age-friendly environments, community-based social innovation (CBSI) provides opportunities for older community residents to interact. Common CBSIs in Japan are in the form of group exercise activities or social–cultural activities, such as reading, writing, poetry, chorus, calligraphy, card game, knitting, planting trees, and cooking. In this study, an age-friendly environment in Japan was assessed quantitatively and qualitatively through the perceptions of community residents and their interaction with the environment.

Research Design and Methods
A cross-sectional survey of 243 participants and multiple in-depth interviews were carried out. A quantitative study applied the World Health Organization (WHO) framework of 20 age-friendly environmental factors with analysis applying a structural equation model. A qualitative study applied focus group meetings and in-depth interviews to conduct a thematic analysis of Japanese community residents’ activities according to the WHO scope of CBSI for healthy aging.

Results
This age-friendly environment in Japan has provided pathways for the older people to sustain their social network, which promotes civic participation and engagement in peer group activities leading to active aging. CBSIs are the factors that lead to an age-friendly environment resulting in a sustainable quality of life.

Discussion and Implications
It is important to sustain CBSIs in the era of coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic as those are the paths leading to healthy aging communities and quality of older residents’ life. The lessons learned about how physical environment and social participation result in healthy, active quality of life for older adults in Japan may be applicable to other contexts around the world.
Research on source-load frequency response control strategy of distributed generation system
Authors: Zhang Yi , Peng Peipei 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Distributed power generation, as an effective form of new energy power generation, has attracted extensive attention. However, due to the lack of physical inertia support, the stability of the distributed power supply system is threatened. Aiming at the problem of low inertia and weak damping in distributed systems, a source-load frequency response control strategy is proposed in this paper. Firstly, this paper introduces the structure and working mode of the distributed power generation system, and the system frequency characteristics are theoretically analyzed. Then, based on the operating characteristics of the conventional power system, the generator is simulated through the distributed power generation, the load-side converter is coupled to the grid frequency and further the source-load frequency response control strategy is achieved that taps the potential of frequency adjustment capability of the load side through frequency coupling control to provide auxiliary inertia support for the system, and this paper illustrates the source-load frequency adjustment response mechanism in detail. Compared with the conventional single frequency response control, the control strategy proposed in this paper can effectively alleviate the frequency adjustment pressure of distributed units, reduce the capacity of energy storage equipment due to frequency adjustment and improve the efficiency of system operation. Finally, through the simulation analysis of the distributed power generation system, the effectiveness of the control strategy proposed in this paper is verified.
A two-stage method for improving discrimination and variable selection in DEA models
Authors: Xie Qiwei , Li Rong , Zou Yanping , Liu Yujia , Wang Xiaojiong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractOne of the main challenges when applying data envelopment analysis (DEA) is the selection of appropriate input and output variables. This paper addresses this important problem using a novel two-stage method. In the first stage, we use entropy theory to generate a comprehensive efficiency score (CES) of each decision-making unit. In the second stage, we select input and output variables using the Bayesian information criterion, when CES is treated as a dependent variable and the input and output variables are used as explanatory variables. We use stochastic data to demonstrate that our proposed method can improve the discrimination power of DEA and determine the important input and output variables. Finally, we compare the proposed method with principal component analysis using datasets on carbon emissions in China. This comparison demonstrates the practical value of our proposed method.
Investigating the persistence of accuracy of genomic predictions over time in broilers
Authors: Hidalgo Jorge , Lourenco Daniela , Tsuruta Shogo , Masuda Yutaka , Breen Vivian , Hawken Rachel , Bermann Matias , Misztal Ignacy 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Accuracy of genomic predictions is an important component of the selection response. The objectives of this research were: 1) to investigate trends for prediction accuracies over time in a broiler population of accumulated phenotypes, genotypes, and pedigrees and 2) to test if data from distant generations are useful to maintain prediction accuracies in selection candidates. The data contained 820K phenotypes for a growth trait (GT), 200K for two feed efficiency traits (FE1 and FE2), and 42K for a carcass yield trait (CY). The pedigree included 1,252,619 birds hatched over 7 years, of which 154,318 from the last 4 years were genotyped. Training populations were constructed adding 1 year of data sequentially, persistency of accuracy over time was evaluated using predictions from birds hatched in the three generations following or in the years after the training populations. In the first generation, before genotypes became available for the training populations (first 3 years of data), accuracies remained almost stable with successive additions of phenotypes and pedigree to the accumulated dataset. The inclusion of 1 year of genotypes in addition to 4 years of phenotypes and pedigree in the training population led to increases in accuracy of 54% for GT, 76% for FE1, 110% for CY, and 38% for FE2; on average, 74% of the increase was due to genomics. Prediction accuracies declined faster without than with genomic information in the training populations. When genotypes were unavailable, the average decline in prediction accuracy across traits was 41% from the first to the second generation of validation, and 51% from the second to the third generation of validation. When genotypes were available, the average decline across traits was 14% from the first to the second generation of validation, and 3% from the second to the third generation of validation. Prediction accuracies in the last three generations were the same when the training population included 5 or 2 years of data, and a decrease of ~7% was observed when the training population included only 1 year of data. Training sets including genomic information provided an increase in accuracy and persistence of genomic predictions compared with training sets without genomic data. The two most recent years of pedigree, phenotypic, and genomic data were sufficient to maintain prediction accuracies in selection candidates. Similar conclusions were obtained using validation populations per year.
Crohn’s and Colitis Canada’s 2021 Impact of COVID-19 & Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Canada: A Knowledge Translation Strategy
Authors: Kaplan Gilaad G , Windsor Joseph W , Crain Janet , Barrett Lisa , Bernstein Charles N , Bitton Alain , Chauhan Usha , Coward Stephanie , Fowler Sharyle , Ghia Jean-Eric , Gibson Deanna L , Griffiths Anne M , Jones Jennifer L , Khanna Reena , Kuenzig M Ellen , Lakatos Peter L , Lee Kate , Mack David R , Marshall John K , Mawani Mina , Murthy Sanjay K , Panaccione Remo , Seow Cynthia H , Targownik Laura E , Zelinsky Sandra , Benchimol Eric I 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, in Canada, is over 0.75% in 2021. Many individuals with IBD are immunocompromised. Consequently, the World Health Organization’s declaration of a global pandemic uniquely impacted those with IBD. Crohn’s and Colitis Canada (CCC) formed the COVID-19 and IBD Taskforce to provide evidence-based guidance during the pandemic to individuals with IBD and their families. The Taskforce met regularly through the course of the pandemic, synthesizing available information on the impact of COVID-19 on IBD. At first, the information was extrapolated from expert consensus guidelines, but eventually, recommendations were adapted for an international registry of worldwide cases of COVID-19 in people with IBD. The task force launched a knowledge translation initiative consisting of a webinar series and online resources to communicate information directly to the IBD community. Taskforce recommendations were posted to CCC’s website and included guidance such as risk stratification, management of immunosuppressant medications, physical distancing, and mental health. A weekly webinar series communicated critical information directly to the IBD community. During the pandemic, traffic to CCC’s website increased with 484,755 unique views of the COVID-19 webpages and 126,187 views of the 23 webinars, including their video clips. CCC’s COVID-19 and IBD Taskforce provided critical guidance to the IBD community as the pandemic emerged, the nation underwent a lockdown, the economy reopened, and the second wave ensued. By integrating public health guidance through the unique prism of a vulnerable population, CCC’s knowledge translation platform informed and protected the IBD community.
Practice Diffusion
Authors: Akaka Melissa Archpru , Schau Hope Jensen , Vargo Stephen L 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDiffusion is traditionally examined at a macro level, measured by adoption (e.g., sales), or at a micro level, assessed by consumer characteristics (e.g., adopter types). We address diffusion at a meso level focusing on how a practice disseminates across extended time and cross-cultural and cross-national space. We conduct an historical analysis and ethnographic inquiry of the dispersion of an indigenous practice, surfing, and the consequences of practice diffusion on practice reproduction. Our data suggest practice diffusion is not the wholesale adoption of a practice. Rather, a practice emerges across diverse cultural and national contexts through adaptation, fueled by processes of codification and transposition. We find that the movement of practice elements (meanings, materials, and competences) and their dynamic linkages (transposition, codification, and adaptation) enable a practice to (re)emerge across broad historic epochs and complex sociocultural landscapes. This study reveals how a practice evolves through shifts in power between practice carriers and noncarriers and results in distinct forms of reproduction (demarcation, imitation, acculturation, and innovation) that can mask the cultural genealogy of a practice. The continual maintenance and evolution of a practice depend on its strength of alignment and embeddedness within systems of practices that make up the social fabric of everyday life.
The relevance of a type locality: the case ofMephitis interruptaRafinesque, 1820 (Carnivora: Mephitidae)
Authors: Woodman Neal , Ferguson Adam W 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFor more than 130 years, the type locality of the Plains Spotted Skunk, Spilogale putorius interrupta (Rafinesque, 1820) has been accepted to be along the upper Missouri River. The species’ description was based on a specimen observed by Constantine S. Rafinesque during his 1818 exploration of the Ohio River Valley, but Rafinesque never ventured into the animal’s geographic range west of the Mississippi River, calling into question the type locality and, therefore, the identity of the taxon. We reconstruct Rafinesque’s itinerary from his notes, publications, and correspondence and determine that Rafinesque probably observed the specimen on 20 September in Middletown, Kentucky, while traveling between Louisville and Lexington. He spent the day with John Bradbury, who participated in the 1811 Astor expedition up the Missouri River. On 1 April 1811, Bradbury collected the skin of a skunk, and evidence suggests that it was this skin that Rafinesque described. The type specimen of the Plains Spotted Skunk was obtained on the Missouri River flood plain in southern Chariton County or northern Saline County, Missouri, and this area should be considered the type locality for M. interrupta.
Diet alters rodent fecal pellet size: implications for paleoecological and demographic studies using fecal dimensions
Authors: Maurer Maya , Peralta Martínez Karen , Trevelline Brian K , Tripoli Domenique , Dearing M Denise , Derting Terry , Martinez Mota Rodolfo , Pasch Bret , Kohl Kevin D 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Measurements of fecal pellet size can provide important information about wild mammals, such as body size and demographic information. Previous studies have not rigorously tested whether diet can confound these measurements. Furthermore, it is unknown whether diet might alter fecal dimensions directly or through changes in animal physiology. Here, we studied three closely related rodent species that differ in natural feeding strategies. Individuals were fed diets that varied in protein and fiber content for 5 weeks. We then measured body size, fecal widths and lengths, and the radius of the large intestine. Diet composition significantly changed fecal widths in all species. High-fiber content significantly increased fecal widths and would cause overestimations of body size if applied to wild feces. Using path analysis, we found that fiber can increase fecal widths both directly and indirectly through increasing the large intestine radius. Protein affected each species differently, suggesting that protein effects vary by species feeding strategy and existing physiology. Overall, diet and large intestine morphology can alter fecal pellet measurements. Studies using fecal measurements therefore must consider these effects in their conclusions.
Diet of invasive wild pigs in a landscape dominated by sugar cane plantations
Authors: Pedrosa Felipe , Bercê William , Costa Vladimir Eliodoro , Levi Taal , Galetti Mauro 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUnderstanding the mechanisms by which alien species become invasive can assure successful control programs and mitigate alien species’ impacts. The distribution of invasive wild pigs (Sus scrofa) has been sharply expanding throughout all regions of Brazil in the last few years. Here we demonstrate that large monocultural plantations provide the primary resource subsidies to invasive wild pigs in Brazil. We analyzed 106 stomach contents and carbon stable isotopes (δ13C) of 50 hair samples of wild pigs from a population immersed in a landscape dominated by sugar cane agriculture. Stomach contents were dominated by corn (41%), sugarcane (28.5%), vegetal matter (all other vegetation besides crops, 27%), and animal matter (vertebrates and invertebrates, 4%). Bayesian mixing model analysis of δ13C showed that food sources from C4 photosynthetic pathway (represented by corn and sugarcane) accounted for 94% of the long-term diet, while C3 food sources for only 6.2%. Our results indicate that corn and sugar cane are subsidizing the diet of wild pigs and can facilitate the population growth of this invasive species. Given that Brazil is a major agricultural producer and a hotspot of biodiversity, it is extremely concerning that extensive agriculture may accelerate the expansion of this invasive species, resulting in economic losses and cascading effects on natural habitats.
Arabidopsis retains vertebrate-type telomerase accessory proteins via a plant-specific assembly
Authors: Song Jiarui , Castillo-González Claudia , Ma Zeyang , Shippen Dorothy E 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe recent discovery of the bona-fide telomerase RNA (TR) from plants reveals conserved and unique secondary structure elements and the opportunity for new insight into the telomerase RNP. Here we examine how two highly conserved proteins previously implicated in Arabidopsis telomere maintenance, AtPOT1a and AtNAP57 (dyskerin), engage plant telomerase. We report that AtPOT1a associates with Arabidopsis telomerase via interaction with TERT. While loss of AtPOT1a does not impact AtTR stability, the templating domain is more accessible in pot1a mutants, supporting the conclusion that AtPOT1a stimulates telomerase activity but does not facilitate telomerase RNP assembly. We also show, that despite the absence of a canonical H/ACA binding motif within AtTR, dyskerin binds AtTR with high affinity and specificity in vitro via a plant specific three-way junction (TWJ). A core element of the TWJ is the P1a stem, which unites the 5′ and 3′ ends of AtTR. P1a is required for dyskerin-mediated stimulation of telomerase repeat addition processivity in vitro, and for AtTR accumulation and telomerase activity in vivo. The deployment of vertebrate-like accessory proteins and unique RNA structural elements by Arabidopsis telomerase provides a new platform for exploring telomerase biogenesis and evolution.
Insights into the ancestry evolution of theMycobacterium tuberculosiscomplex from analysis ofMycobacterium riyadhense
Authors: Guan Qingtian , Garbati Musa , Mfarrej Sara , AlMutairi Talal , Laval Thomas , Singh Albel , Fagbo Shamsudeen , Smyth Alicia , Browne John A , urRahman Muhammad Amin , Alruwaili Alya , Hoosen Anwar , Meehan Conor J , Nakajima Chie , Suzuki Yasuhiko , Demangel Caroline , Bhatt Apoorva , Gordon Stephen V , AlAsmari Faisal , Pain Arnab 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCurrent evolutionary scenarios posit the emergence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from an environmental saprophyte through a cumulative process of genome adaptation. Mycobacterium riyadhense, a related bacillus, is being increasingly isolated from human clinical cases with tuberculosis-like symptoms in various parts of the world. To elucidate the evolutionary relationship between M. riyadhense and other mycobacterial species, including members of the M. tuberculosis complex (MTBC), eight clinical isolates of M. riyadhense were sequenced and analyzed. We show, among other features, that M. riyadhense shares a large number of conserved orthologs with M. tuberculosis and shows the expansion of toxin/antitoxin pairs, PE/PPE family proteins compared with other non-tuberculous mycobacteria. We observed M. riyadhense lacks wecE gene which may result in the absence of lipooligosaccharides (LOS) IV. Comparative transcriptomic analysis of infected macrophages reveals genes encoding inducers of Type I IFN responses, such as cytosolic DNA sensors, were relatively less expressed by macrophages infected with M. riyadhense or M. kansasii, compared to BCG or M. tuberculosis. Overall, our work sheds new light on the evolution of M. riyadhense, its relationship to the MTBC, and its potential as a system for the study of mycobacterial virulence and pathogenesis.