bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Significantly decreased depolarization hydrostatic pressure of 3D‐printed PZT95/5 ceramics with periodically distributed pores
Authors: Jia Jicai , Nie Hengchang , He Xin , Feng Chun , Zhu Min , Wu Chengtie , Wang Genshui , Dong Xianlin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPb0.99(Zr0.95Ti0.05)0.98Nb0.02O3 ferroelectric ceramics with porous structure of periodic distribution were fabricated successfully via Direct Ink Writing, a type of 3D printing technique. The effect of periodically distributed porous microstructure on the dielectric, ferroelectric, as well as hydrostatic‐pressure‐induced depolarization properties of PZT95/5 ferroelectric ceramics, was investigated. The printed porous ceramics exhibit relatively good viscoelasticity to retain the periodic structure during 3D printing and drying. In contrast with dense PZT95/5 ferroelectric ceramics prepared by conventional solid‐state sintering, low bulk density of the periodically distributed porous PZT95/5 ceramics leads to a decreased remanent polarization of 22.9 µC/cm2 under 2 kV/mm. As the hydrostatic pressure increased, the poled periodically distributed porous PZT95/5 ceramics depolarize sharply under a low and narrow hydrostatic pressure range of 113–116 MPa with a released charge density of 23.9 µC/cm2, while the poled dense PZT95/5 ceramics depolarize under a range of 250–278 MPa. Therefore, the introduction of periodically distributed micropores into PZT95/5 ceramics decreases the ferroelectric‐to‐antiferroelectric phase transition hydrostatic pressure significantly and maintained relatively excellent other properties simultaneously, such as temperature stability and low dielectric loss. The almost sharp depolarization behavior under a significantly decreased hydrostatic pressure demonstrates that periodically distributed porous PZT95/5 ferroelectric ceramics fabricated controllably by 3D printing exhibit excellent performances and prospects in mechanical–electrical energy conversion applications.
Adsorption behavior of carbonic acid on γ‐dicalcium silicate surface from molecular simulations
Authors: Zhao Meicheng , Lu Linnu , Tao Yong , He Yongjia , Wang Fazhou , Zhang Wenqin , Hu Shuguang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper aims to investigate the adsorption of carbonic acid and water molecules on the (010) surface of γ‐dicalcium silicate (γ‐C2S) at an atomic scale using density functional theory (DFT) and ab initio molecular dynamics. It provides novel insights into the mechanism of carbonation on the surface of γ‐C2S. The electrons transfer and interfacial reactions between the carbonic acid (H2CO3) molecule and the γ‐C2S surface are characterized by adsorption configuration, bond order, electron density difference, and partial density of states. There exist strong interactions between H2CO3 and γ‐C2S surface, including two types of chemical adsorption and one type of physical adsorption. This work confirms that water in the carbonation of γ‐C2S is to react with CO2 to provide the reactants, and protons transfer of the carbonic acid molecule plays a crucial role in the carbonation process. The adsorption of the carbonic acid molecule is more favorable with respect to that of the water molecule, which may be the initial step of the carbonization of γ‐C2S.
Building capacity for health promotion by addressing nurses' role confusion: Study protocol of a pilot clustered randomised controlled trial
Authors: Iriarte‐Roteta Andrea , Lopez‐Dicastillo Olga , Mujika Agurtzane , Antoñanzas‐Baztán Elena , Hernantes Naia , Galán Espinilla María José , Pumar‐Méndez María Jesús 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimTo describe the protocol for the pilot phase of a complex intervention, designed to address primary care nurses' role confusion in health promotion.DesignA pilot clustered randomized controlled trial, with control and intervention groups.MethodsThe study will be conducted in a primary care setting. Participants will be nurses from the primary care health service working in a primary care team (PCT, 15 control group; 15 intervention group). Nurses in the experimental group will receive the ROLE‐AP programme over a 3‐week period. The control group will continue with the normal routine. The pilot will help determine the intervention's feasibility, acceptability, fidelity and quality of the programme components. Data collected preintervention, postintervention and 3 months after intervention will provide estimates of the intervention's preliminary effects on the main variable, nurses' degree of agreement concerning their expected role in health promotion. The study received funding from the local government in December 2019.DiscussionRole confusion is promoting primary care nurses' omissions in their health‐promoting practice, which is far from the ideal portrayed by the Ottawa Charter. Interventions are needed that reveal the most appropriate mechanisms for addressing role confusion, which requires reaching an intraprofessional agreement about the expectations for role activities. Healthcare organisations could benefit from the incorporation of a programme of these characteristics into standard practice.ImpactThis study will produce a novel and comprehensive complex intervention that is expected to build nurses' capacity in primary healthcare organizations for health promotion, which is key to increasing the quality, efficiency and sustainability of the National Health System. The programme evaluation and feasibility study will reveal how to better use existing resources in a full‐scale clinical trial.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT04726696).
Age stereotypes towards younger and older colleagues in registered nurses and supervisors in a university hospital: A generic qualitative study
Authors: Helaß Madeleine , Greinacher Anja , Götz Sebastian , Müller Andreas , Gündel Harald , Junne Florian , Nikendei Christoph , Maatouk Imad 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimThis study aimed to identify and compare age stereotypes of registered nurses and supervisors in clinical inpatient settings.DesignGeneric qualitative study using half‐standardized interviews.MethodNineteen face‐to‐face interviews and five focus groups (N = 50) were conducted with nurses of varying levels at a hospital of maximum medical care in Germany between August and November 2018 and were subjected to structured qualitative content analysis.ResultsReflecting the ageing process and cooperation in mixed‐age teams, nursing staff and supervisors defined similar age stereotypes towards older and younger nurses reminiscent of common generational labels ‘Baby Boomers’ and Generations X. Their evaluation created an inconsistent and contradictory pattern differing to the respective work context and goals. Age stereotypes were described as both potentially beneficial and detrimental for the individual and the cooperation in the team. If a successfully implemented diversity management focuses age stereotypes, negative assumptions can be reduced and cooperation in mixed‐age teams can be considered beneficial.ConclusionDiversity management as measures against age stereotypes and for mutual acceptance and understanding should include staff from various hierarchical levels of the inpatient setting.
Across‐country genomic predictions in Norwegian and New Zealand Composite sheep populations with similar development history
Authors: Oliveira Hinayah Rojas de , McEwan John C. , Jakobsen Jette H. , Blichfeldt Thor , Meuwissen Theo H. E. , Pickering Natalie K. , Clarke Shannon M. , Brito Luiz F. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe goal of this study was to assess the feasibility of across‐country genomic predictions in Norwegian White Sheep (NWS) and New Zealand Composite (NZC) sheep populations with similar development history. Different training populations were evaluated (i.e., including only NWS or NZC, or combining both populations). Predictions were performed using the actual phenotypes (normalized) and the single‐step GBLUP via Bayesian inference. Genotyped NWS animals born in 2016 (N = 267) were used to assess the accuracy and bias of genomic estimated breeding values (GEBVs) predicted for birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), carcass weight (CW), EUROP carcass classification (EUC), and EUROP fat grading (EUF). The accuracy and bias of GEBVs differed across traits and training population used. For instance, the GEBV accuracies ranged from 0.13 (BW) to 0.44 (EUC) for GEBVs predicted including only NWS, from 0.06 (BW) to 0.15 (CW) when including only NZC, and from 0.10 (BW) to 0.41 (EUC) when including both NWS and NZC animals in the training population. The regression coefficients used to assess the spread of GEBVs (bias) ranged from 0.26 (BW) to 0.64 (EUF) for only NWS, 0.10 (EUC) to 0.52 (CW) for only NZC, and from 0.42 (WW) to 2.23 (EUC) for both NWS and NZC in the training population. Our findings suggest that across‐country genomic predictions based on ssGBLUP might be possible for NWS and NZC, especially for novel traits.
A cross‐sectional study on the ability of physicians to hypertension management in China's Sichuan Tibetan rural area
Authors: Ye Runyu , Zhang Xin , Zhang Zhipeng , Yang Xiangyu , Chen Xiaoping 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the hypertension management abilities of rural physicians in a high‐altitude Tibetan area. A cross‐sectional survey was conducted in the Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, China, in October 2020. Information about healthcare resources in local medical institutions, along with the knowledge, attitudes, practices, and training status of primary care physicians, was collected. Limited resources were observed in terms of equipment, drugs, and personnel in the 18 township hospitals included. A total of 132 physicians participated in this survey. The scores for hypertension‐related knowledge, attitudes toward hypertension management, routine practice ability, priority given to hypertension, and confidence in performing certain tasks were 32.60%, 67.40%, 18.90%, 65.15%, and 35.60%, respectively. The most concerning issues lay in the ignorance of the healthy lifestyle, undervaluation of cardiovascular risks, and lack of confidence in optimally performing management activities. Only 9.85% of the physicians received more than 24 days of training per year; 28.79% preferred a longer training time. While training was generally provided in conference sessions (63.64% of current training programs), physicians preferred remote education (55.30%), and on‐site guidance (46.21%) from professionals. The current training was centered around clinical skills (61.36%) and was identified as a major training requirement by the physicians surveyed (80.30%). This survey suggests that the medical resources may not be effective, with deficiencies present in the knowledge and practices of primary care physicians in the Sichuan Tibetan area. Hypertension education and skill‐development courses based on the specific issues identified should be provided to these physicians in the future.
Biodistribution of adeno‐associated virus type 2 carrying multi‐characteristic opsin in dogs following intravitreal injection
Authors: Tchedre Kissaou T. , Batabyal Subrata , Galicia Melissa , Narcisse Darryl , Mustafi Sourajit Mitra , Ayyagari Ananta , Chavala Sai , Mohanty Samarendra K. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractGene therapy of retinal diseases using recombinant adeno‐associated virus (rAAV) vector‐based delivery has shown clinical success, and clinical trials based on rAAV‐based optogenetic therapies are currently in progress. Recently, we have developed multi‐characteristic opsin (MCO), which has been shown to effectively re‐photosensitize photoreceptor‐degenerated retina in mice leading to vision restoration at ambient light environment. Here, we report the biodistribution of the rAAV2 carried MCO (vMCO‐I) in live samples and post‐mortem organs following intraocular delivery in wild‐type dogs. Immunohistochemistry showed that the intravitreal injection of vMCO‐I resulted in gene transduction in the inner nuclear layer (INL) but did not induce detectable inflammatory or immune reaction in the dog retina. Vector DNA analysis of live body wastes and body fluids such as saliva and nasal secretions using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) showed no correlative increase of vector copy in nasal secretions or saliva, minimal increase of vector copy in urine in the low‐dose group 13 weeks after injection and in the faeces of the high‐dose group at 3–13 weeks after injection suggesting clearance of the virus vector via urine and faeces. Further analysis of vector DNA extracted from faeces using PCR showed no transgene after 3 weeks post‐injection. Intravitreal injection of vMCO‐I resulted in few sporadic off‐target presences of the vector in the mesenteric lymph node, liver, spleen and testis. This study showed that intravitreal rAAV2‐based delivery of MCO‐I for retinal gene therapy is safe.
The crucial role of clinicopathological correlation in COVID‐19‐related cutaneous manifestations
Authors: Rongioletti F. 
Published: August 2021

Linked article: Barrera‐Godínez A et al. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35: 1865–1873. https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.17381
How does atopic dermatitis in childhood and adolescence affect educational success?
Authors: Möhrenschlager M. , Demolli P. , Schmidt V. 
Published: August 2021

Linked article: K. Pálsson et al. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35: 1849–1858. https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.17346
Quality of clinical practice guidelines for gestational and congenital toxoplasmosis: A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Cabra‐Bautista Ginna , Paz‐Córdoba Beatriz E. , Henao‐Pabón Tatiana , Bravo Ana Milena , Florez Ivan D. , Delgado‐Noguera Mario , Calvache Jose Andrés 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the methodological quality and transparency of the clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of gestational and congenital toxoplasmosis (CT).MethodsSystematic review of the literature on gestational and CT CPGs conducted in the MEDLINE, Embase, TripDatabase, Biblioteca Virtual en Salud databases and extensive manual searches in 19 CPG repositories. The characteristics of each of the guidelines were extracted using My AGREE PLUS on‐line. Three reviewers assessed overall quality using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II) tool.ResultsThe combined systematic review found 8651 citations. Of them 46 full texts were reviewed, and eight documents were finally included: four toxoplasmosis CPGs, three prenatal care CPGs that included recommendations on toxoplasmosis, and one pregnancy infection guideline that also included recommendations on toxoplasmosis. The AGREE II domains found to have the highest scores were ‘clarity of presentation’ (85%; [37%‐100%]), followed by ‘scope and purpose’ (73%; [33%‐98%]), and ‘editorial independence’ (51%; [3%‐94%]); the domains with the lowest scores were ‘rigour of development’ (36%; [11%‐79%]), ‘stakeholder involvement’ (34%; [24%‐85%]), and ‘applicability’ (17%; [6%‐83%]). The Colombian and Spanish‐Agencia de Evaluación de Tecnologías Sanitarias de Andalucía (AETSA) CPGs had the highest global AGREE II scores. Absolute interrater agreement was good to excellent.ConclusionSubstantial quality variation was found among CPGs, which provided recommendations in accordance with the context of the disease in the corresponding country or region. Only two of the CPGs appraised obtained a good score and are classified as ‘recommended’.
Ontogenetic diet shifts of rough scadTrachurus lathamiin the North Patagonian shelf (south‐west Atlantic Ocean)
Authors: Temperoni Brenda , Barbini Santiago Aldo , Orlando Paula , Buratti Claudio César 
Published: August 2021

AbstractRough scadTrachurus lathamiis a key pelagic fish in the Argentinean continental shelf (ACS, south‐west Atlantic Ocean), with recent increases in abundance. It is a main prey of fishes and marine mammals, and shares the environment with commercially relevant pelagic species (Engraulis anchoitaandScomber colias), playing an important role linking lower and upper trophic levels in the ecosystem. This study aims to determine the ontogenetic changes in the diet composition, feeding strategy, trophic niche breadth and trophic level ofT. lathamiin the North Patagonian Shelf (43°–45°30′S). The stomach contents of adult fish (n = 238) were analysed. The results suggest a clear ontogenetic shift in the diet at a size of ~190 mm. Smaller individuals (160–190 mm) were specialized on misidaceans, and showed the highest trophic level, while largerT. lathami(221–230 mm) consumed decapods (Peisos petrunkevitchi) and teleosts (eggs and larvae). Trophic niche breadth was higher at the medium‐sized class (191–220 mm), which mainly preyed on copepods (Calanoides carinatus) and chaetognaths (Sagittaspp.), evidencing a more diverse diet and a rather generalist strategy. Updated information on the trophic ecology ofT. lathamievidences its extremely plastic feeding behaviour, being able to adapt its trophic niche to the most readily available food items from the mesopelagic community.
Molecular identification of glucose transporter 4: The responsiveness to starvation, glucose, insulin and glucagon on glucose transporter 4 in common carp (Cyprinus carpioL.)
Authors: Yang Liping , Zhi Shaoyang , Yang Guokun , Qin Chaobin , Yan Xiao , Niu Mingming , Zhang Wenlei , Liu Mingyu , Zhao Mengjuan , Nie Guoxing 
Published: August 2021

AbstractGlucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) is comprehensively investigated in mammals, while the comparative research of GLUT4 in common carp is deficient. To investigate the function of GLUT4, carp glut4 was first isolated. The open reading frame of carp glut4 was 1518 bp in length, encoding 505 amino acids. A high‐sequence homology was identified in carp and teleost, and the phylogenetic tree displayed that the carp GLUT4 was clustered with the teleost. A high level of glut4 mRNA was analysed in fat, red muscle and white muscle. After fasting treatment, glut4 mRNA expression was increased significantly in muscle. In the oral glucose tolerance test experiment, glut4 mRNA was also significantly elevated in muscle, gut and fat. Furthermore, intraperitoneal injection of insulin resulted in the upregulation of glut4 gene expression significantly in white muscle, gut and fat. On the contrary, the glut4 mRNA level in the white muscle, gut and fat was markedly downregulated after glucagon injection. These results suggest that GLUT4 might play important roles in food intake and could be regulated by nutrient condition, insulin and glucagon in common carp. Our study is the first to report on GLUT4 in common carp. These data provide a basis for further study on fish GLUT4.
Effect of pulsed electric field‐assisted extraction on recovery of sulforaphane from broccoli florets
Authors: Mahn Andrea , Comett Raidel , Segura‐Ponce Luis A. , Díaz‐Álvarez Rodrigo E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSulforaphane (SFN) is an isothiocyanate occurring in broccoli, with exceptional health‐beneficial properties, such as anticancer, anti‐inflammatory, and anti‐hypertensive effects. Processes to maximize SFN content in broccoli developed until now are expensive and SFN bioavailability in the vegetable is not optimal. To increase SFN extraction yield from broccoli florets, it was proposed to complement traditional solvent extraction with pulsed electric field (PEF) as tissue disruption method enabling the reduction of mass transfer resistance in vegetable matrices. Tissue disruption methods enhance the performance of this process because it reduces mass transfer resistance. PEF is an innovative technology recently introduced in the food industry. We studied the effect of electric field strength (10 and 15 kV/cm) and time of exposure to the PEF treatment (30, 90, and 150 s) on the recovery of SFN from broccoli florets, using a statistical factorial design. Electric field strength and exposure time significantly affected SFN recovery in a positive way. PEFs increase SFN recovery by more than 50% compared to traditional extraction. This result was achieved at 150 s exposure to PEF and 10 kV/cm.Practical ApplicationsThe use of pulsed electric fields significantly improved sulforaphane recovery from broccoli in comparison with traditional extraction methods. Even though in this work the raw material was commercial broccoli heads, it is most likely that the results obtained here can be replicated using low‐value raw material, such as broccoli heads that do not meet commercial standards or crop discards. Accordingly, PEF technology constitutes an option for valorization of Brassicaceae agroindustry discards.
Self‐efficacy proxy predicts frailty incidence over time in non‐institutionalized older adults
Authors: Hladek Melissa D. , Zhu Jiafeng , Buta Brian J. , Szanton Sarah L. , Bandeen‐Roche Karen , Walston Jeremy D. , Xue Qian‐Li 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundPhysical frailty is defined as a syndrome of decreased physiologic reserve conferring vulnerability to functional decline, mortality, and other adverse outcomes upon experiencing stressors. Self‐efficacy, which is confidence in one's ability to perform well in a domain of life, is modifiable. Self‐efficacy is associated with improved health behavior and decreased chronic disease burden. Its relationship to frailty is unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether a general self‐efficacy proxy predicts incident frailty.MethodsA nationally representative sample of 4825 U.S. older adults aged 65 and older living in the community or non‐nursing home care setting enrolled in the National Health and Aging Trends Study from 2011 to 2018 was used. Self‐efficacy was dichotomized into low and high groups using the one‐item self‐efficacy proxy measure. The Physical Frailty Phenotype was used to categorize participants as frail and non‐frail. A discrete time hazard model using data from eight rounds was used to obtain incident hazard ratios of frailty in two models. Model 1 was adjusted for age, race, sex, education, and income. Model 2 contained Model 1 covariates and added disability and comorbidities.ResultsAmong people without frailty at baseline, risk of developing frailty over 7 years was increased by 41% among those with low versus high self‐efficacy after adjustment for sociodemographics (P = 0.002), and by 27% after further adjustment for disability and comorbidities (P = 0.032).ConclusionThis study generates a rationale to further explore self‐efficacy in frailty research. Self‐efficacy may be a key modifiable element to incorporate into multimodal physical frailty interventions.
Systemic interventions for traumatic event exposure: A 2010–2019 decade review
Authors: McWey Lenore M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTrauma exposure is a pervasive issue worldwide. People exposed to traumatic events may develop PTSD, depression, anxiety, and other mental health symptoms. Family and intimate partner relationship problems also are frequently associated with trauma exposure. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic research synthesis of the empirical evidence on systemic interventions for traumatic event exposure from 2010 to 2019. A search of peer‐reviewed research resulted in 31 articles that met inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Systemic interventions were grouped by modality (e.g., parent‐child, couple, group). The collective evidence was strongest for systemic youth‐caregiver interventions, group, and couple treatment categories for traumatic event exposure. Youth‐centered interventions that included various combinations of family member participation can be considered probably efficacious. Overall, results indicated that systemic interventions for traumatic event exposure were successful in reducing posttraumatic stress symptoms including PTSD, depression, and anxiety, and improving relational outcomes.