bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socioeconomic and global burden of COVID-19
Authors: Kolbin A. S. , Gomon Yu. M. , Balykina Yu. E. , Belousov D. Yu. , Strizheletskiy V. V. , Ivanov I. G. 
Published: March 2021

Relevance. Assessment of the burden of disease provides information on the economic consequences of the disease, allows you to assess the social significance, identify areas that require additional clinical and economic research, changes in methodological approaches to the organization of measures for the prevention, early detection and treatment of diseases.The aim. Assessment of the socioeconomic and global burden of COVID-19 in the Russian Federation (RF).Materials and methods. Identification and assessment of direct medical, direct non-medical, and indirect costs associated with the development of the coronavirus epidemic. When calculating the socioeconomic burden, the variant of calculations was chosen taking into account the prevalence of the disease. The sources of data on the epidemiology of the disease were data from the Ministry of Health and data from the Government of the RF.Results. The socioeconomic burden of COVID-19 in 2020 in the RF amounted to about 5.4 trillion rubles (5 % of nominal GDP in 2020) and was largely due to indirect costs due to GDP losses due to a 1.5-month period of self-isolation. The estimated global burden of disease is more than 4 million YLLs globally, of which in the RF 2,486.30 among men and 1,378.22 YLL among women.Conclusion. The epidemic of the new coronavirus infection has led to colossal economic losses in Russian society. The data presented underscore not only the clinical, but also the economic importance of investing in the development of strategies for the treatment and prevention of new coronavirus infection.
Wilgotność gleby – metodyczny aspekt badań rolniczych
Authors: Gałęzewski Lech 
Published: March 2021

Water content in soil determines practically all its physical, biochemical and microbiological properties, but most of all, the availability of water for plants. There are few scientific articles in world literature that review the techniques for measuring soil moisture, and there are no extensive studies in this field in the domestic literature. Users of measurement devices or systems should be aware of the accuracy and selectivity of their chosen methods to avoid later misinterpretation of the results. The above postulate is all the more important as world literature does not explain whether the determined soil moisture includes only water contained in its abiotic part or also water con-tained in living organisms. Much of the plant-water interaction research is carried out through pot experiments. Serious difficulties in conducting such experiments are the issues of regulating and maintaining the assumed sub-strate moisture. This study is aimed at solving three problems: –	systematizing the knowledge of soil moisture measurement methods and the possibility of their application in agricultural practice and experiments, –	verification of the hypothesis assuming that water contained in the roots of living plants may significantly change the results of soil moisture meas-urements, –	designing alternative systems of automatic irrigation of pots characterized by sufficient precision and accuracy for experimental purposes. The analysis of the literature shows that despite the many techniques and a very wide range of available devices for measuring soil moisture, there are no economically viable solutions that could be widely used in field crop produc-tion. Therefore, it should be recognized that this is still an area of agricultural knowledge that has not been researched sufficiently by science. So far, the interpretation of soil moisture measurement results did not take into account the fact that, apart from water retained in the soil by physi-cal forces, certain amount of it is bound by living organisms. However, the present monograph shows that water contained in the roots of plants may, in the conditions of low soil moisture, constitute a large percentage – even sever-al dozen percent of the total water contained in the soil. The problem arises from the fact that currently used measuring devices are not selective for water actively bound by living organisms. One of the major problems with the implementation of research in vege-tation pots is the lack of the possibility of automated regulation of the sub-strate moisture that meets the experimental requirements. The currently used methods may generate too much uncontrolled variability of the water factor - in literature, there is no information on their validation. The technical solu-tions presented in the present study allow for the design of an automatic pots irrigation system characterized by precision and accuracy at a level that is suf-ficient for it to be used for experimental purposes.
Plant Disease Detection through the Implementation of Diversified and Modified Neural Network Algorithms
Authors: Nihar Fatema , Khanom Nazmun Nahar , Hassan Syed Sahariar , Das Amit Kumar 
Published: March 2021

In the era of artificial systems, disease detection is becoming easier. For detecting disease, monitoring the plants 24 hours, visiting the agricultural office, or asking for help from a specialist seem difficult. This situation demands a user-friendly plant disease detection system, which allows people to detect whether the plant is diseased or not in an easier way. If the plant is diseased, a treatment plan will also be notified. In this way, people can easily save time, money, and, most importantly, plants. In this study, the researchers have collected data of vegetables from a field and applied multiple diversified Neural Network Algorithms such as CNN, MCNN, FRCNN, and, along with that, also proposed a new modified neural network architecture (ModCNN), which has produced 97.69% accuracy. The authors have also classified the bean leaf diseases into four categories according to their symptoms, which will help to identify diseases accurately.
As a Matter of Tension: Kinetic Energy Spectra in MHD Turbulence
Authors: Grete Philipp , O’Shea Brian W. , Beckwith Kris 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
While magnetized turbulence is ubiquitous in many astrophysical and terrestrial systems, our understanding of even the simplest physical description of this phenomena, ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence, remains substantially incomplete. In this work, we highlight the shortcomings of existing theoretical and phenomenological descriptions of MHD turbulence that focus on the joint (kinetic and magnetic) energy fluxes and spectra by demonstrating that treating these quantities separately enables fundamental insights into the dynamics of MHD turbulence. This is accomplished through the analysis of the scale-wise energy transfer over time within an implicit large eddy simulation of subsonic, super-Alfvénic MHD turbulence. Our key finding is that the kinetic energy spectrum develops a scaling of approximately k
−4/3 in the stationary regime as magnetic tension mediates large-scale kinetic to magnetic energy conversion and significantly suppresses the kinetic energy cascade. This motivates a reevaluation of existing MHD turbulence theories with respect to a more differentiated modeling of the energy fluxes.
SN 2013ai: A Link between Hydrogen-rich and Hydrogen-poor Core-collapse Supernovae
Authors: Davis S. , Pessi P. J. , Fraser M. , Ertini K. , Martinez L. , Hoeflich P. , Hsiao E. Y. , Folatelli G. , Ashall C. , Phillips M. M. , Anderson J. P. , Bersten M. , Englert B. , Fisher A. , Benetti S. , Bunzel A. , Burns C. , Chen T. W. , Contreras C. , Elias-Rosa N. , Falco E. , Galbany L. , Kirshner R. P. , Kumar S. , Lu J. , Lyman J. D. , Marion G. H. , Mattila S. , Maund J. , Morrell N. , Serón J. , Stritzinger M. , Shahbandeh M. , Sullivan M. , Suntzeff N. B. , Young D. R. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We present a study of the optical and near-infrared (NIR) spectra of SN 2013ai along with its light curves. These data range from discovery until 380 days after explosion. SN 2013ai is a fast declining Type II supernova (SN II) with an unusually long rise time, 18.9 ± 2.7 days in the V-band, and a bright V-band peak absolute magnitude of −18.7 ± 0.06 mag. The spectra are dominated by hydrogen features in the optical and NIR. The spectral features of SN 2013ai are unique in their expansion velocities, which, when compared to large samples of SNe II, are more than 1,000 km s−1 faster at 50 days past explosion. In addition, the long rise time of the light curve more closely resembles SNe IIb rather than SNe II. If SN 2013ai is coeval with a nearby compact cluster, we infer a progenitor zero-age main-sequence mass of ∼17 M
⊙. After performing light-curve modeling, we find that SN 2013ai could be the result of the explosion of a star with little hydrogen mass, a large amount of synthesized 56Ni, 0.3–0.4 M
⊙, and an explosion energy of 2.5–3.0 × 1051 erg. The density structure and expansion velocities of SN 2013ai are similar to those of the prototypical SN IIb, SN 1993J. However, SN 2013ai shows no strong helium features in the optical, likely due to the presence of a dense core that prevents the majority of γ-rays from escaping to excite helium. Our analysis suggests that SN 2013ai could be a link between SNe II and stripped-envelope SNe.
UV Spectral Slopes at z = 6−9 in the Hubble Frontier Fields: Lack of Evidence for Unusual or Population III Stellar Populations
Authors: Bhatawdekar Rachana , Conselice Christopher J. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We present new measurements of the UV spectral slope β for galaxies at z = 6−9 in the Frontier Field cluster MACS J0416.1–2403 and its parallel field to an unprecedented level of low stellar mass. We fit synthetic stellar population models to the observed spectral energy distribution and calculate β by fitting a power law to the best-fit spectrum. With this method, we report the derivation of rest-frame UV colors of galaxies for the Frontier Fields program extending out to z = 9, probing magnitudes as faint as M
UV = −13.5 at z = 6. We find no significant correlation between β and rest-frame UV magnitude M
1500 all redshifts, but we do find a strong correlation between β and stellar mass, with lower-mass galaxies exhibiting bluer UV slopes. At z = 7, the bluest median value of our sample is redder than the previously reported values in the literature, whereas at z = 9, our bluest data point has a median value of

β
=
−

2.63

−
0.43

+
0.52

. Thus, we find no evidence for extreme stellar populations at z > 6. We also observe a strong correlation between β and star formation rate (SFR), such that galaxies with low SFRs exhibit bluer slopes. Additionally, there exists a star formation main sequence up to z = 9 with SFRs correlating with stellar mass. All of these relations show that β values correlate with a process that drives both the overall SFR and stellar mass assembly. Furthermore, we observe no trend between β and specific SFR, suggesting that β is getting set by a global process driven by the scale of the galaxy.
A Restless Supermassive Black Hole in the Galaxy J0437+2456
Authors: Pesce Dominic W. , Seth Anil C. , Greene Jenny E. , Braatz James A. , Condon James J. , Kent Brian R. , Krajnović Davor 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We present the results from an observing campaign to confirm the peculiar motion of the supermassive black hole (SMBH) in J0437+2456 first reported in Pesce et al. Deep observations with the Arecibo Observatory have yielded a detection of neutral hydrogen (H i) emission, from which we measure a recession velocity of 4910 km s−1 for the galaxy as a whole. We have also obtained near-infrared integral field spectroscopic observations of the galactic nucleus with the Gemini North telescope, yielding spatially resolved stellar and gas kinematics with a central velocity at the innermost radii (0.″1 ≈ 34 pc) of 4860 km s−1. Both measurements differ significantly from the ∼4810 km s−1 H2O megamaser velocity of the SMBH, supporting the prior indications of a velocity offset between the SMBH and its host galaxy. However, the two measurements also differ significantly from one another, and the galaxy as a whole exhibits a complex velocity structure that implies that the system has recently been dynamically disturbed. These results make it clear that the SMBH is not at rest with respect to the systemic velocity of the galaxy, though the specific nature of the mobile SMBH—i.e., whether it traces an ongoing galaxy merger, a binary black hole system, or a gravitational-wave recoil event—remains unclear.
Pippi Långstrump et la France : une conquête par étapes
Authors: François Cyrille 
Published: March 2021

Au début des années 1990, la linguiste suédoise Christina Heldner lance un pavé dans la mare : la traduction française de Pippi Långstrump par Marie Loewegren comporte de nombreux défauts qui expliqueraient en partie le manque de succès en France du roman d’Astrid Lindgren. Parvenus aux oreilles de l’auteure, les propos de Heldner contribuent à faire paraître une nouvelle traduction des aventures de Fifi Brindacier, après de nombreux échanges entre Astrid Lindgren et les éditions Hachette. L’histoire éditoriale de Pippi Långstrump en France est toutefois plus complexe encore, car la traduction de Marie Loewegren cache en fait deux éditions, dont la seconde est largement remaniée par l’éditeur afin de conformer le texte à la nouvelle ligne éditoriale de la Bibliothèque rose. Cet article vise à comprendre les différentes étapes de la conquête de Pippi Långstrump en France.
La quête d’un ethos suédois : un invariant dans la réforme des curricula ?
Authors: Colla Piero 
Published: March 2021

En partant d’un enjeu actuel du débat suédois contemporain sur l’éducation – la nécessité de sensibiliser les écoliers à des « valeurs » citoyennes fédératrices –, l’article montre comme la définition et l’actualisation du socle éthique est le fil rouge des initiatives de réforme du système scolaire au XXe siècle. La place prépondérante de l’antidogmatisme et du culte de l’autonomie dans ces réformes a fait écran à cette refondation permanente, qui se décline à travers trois grandes étapes. Dans le cadre de la construction d’un tronc commun d’éducation « citoyenne » (medborgarskola), entre 1948 et 1960, la désacralisation des canons des humanités coïncide avec un penchant pour le psychologisme et l’inculcation d’un habitus mental « moderne », socialement responsable. De manière implicite, la conformité du message scolaire aux objectifs idéologiques du modèle devient le critère régulateur de la réforme des curricula. Dans la phase de consolidation du système, l’importance grandissante des enseignements relatifs à la vie de couple et aux questions éthiques fondamentales entraîne une double posture : refus de tout « endoctrinement », dans les domaines controversés, et construction parallèle d’une sphère non négociable : des croyances validées désormais sur la base d’un consensus démocratique explicite, de l’expertise pédagogique ou du sondage. La libéralisation des curricula entreprise au début des années 1990 marque la fin d’une programmation didactique universelle et contraignante ; cependant, le schéma antérieur – selon lequel des « valeurs » certifiées et opérationnalisées doivent être séparées de la masse des savoirs – reste d’actualité, en assurant l’unité du système.
Modernité de la série Mästerdetektiven Kalle Blomkvist d’Astrid Lindgren
Authors: Veivo Harri 
Published: March 2021

Dans l’œuvre d’Astrid Lindgren, les aventures du maître détective Kalle Blomkvist publiées entre 1946 et 1953 semblent avoir moins bien résisté au temps que les récits classiques sur Fifi Brindacier ou Ronya la fille de brigand. La série propose cependant une modernité narrative et des thèmes qui présentent un intérêt pour l’étude de la littérature suédoise et nordique, et notamment le polar. Un lien explicite mène en fait des trois volumes Blomkvist à la série Millennium de Stieg Larsson qui reprend deux figures d’Astrid Lindgren, Kalle et Fifi, pour en proposer de nouvelles interprétations dans le couple asymétrique de Mikael Blomkvist et Lisbeth Salader. Au-delà de ces références, on peut observer d’autres types de connexions entre la série et le polar contemporain, notamment dans la conception de la Suède comme un espace à part moralement supérieur et protégé de l’influence extérieure ainsi que dans l’hybridation de genres, la métatextualité et l’importance accordé à l’espace urbain et à la négociation de l’identité.
Les perceptions journalistiques du « modèle suédois » en France (1990-2020)
Authors: Premat Christophe 
Published: March 2021

L’objectif de l’article est de montrer comment les références au modèle suédois ont été mobilisées ces dernières années dans la presse française. Ainsi, au-delà du discours politique, les analyses journalistiques des mentions du modèle suédois depuis les années 1990 dans les quotidiens et magazines français permettent de comprendre la manière dont le grand public s’est intéressé à la situation des pays scandinaves et nordiques. Les grands quotidiens multiplient ces mentions à partir du début des années 2000 sur fond de découverte du « nouveau modèle suédois ». Si des critiques de ce modèle se glissent dans l’appréciation de certaines politiques publiques spécifiques, le modèle est valorisé globalement sous son aspect fonctionnaliste et pragmatique.
Hypericin induces apoptosis in K562 cells via downregulation of Myc and Mdm2
Authors: Arani Hamid Zaferani , Olya Maedeh , Mirahmadi Asra Sadat , Saleki Hossein , Atashi Hesam Adin , Marzouni Hadi Zare , Hoseinian Mohammad , Javidi Mohammad Amin , Zabolian Amirhossein 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Nowadays, some studies have shown the effect of hypericin on cancer cells. However, considering the cytotoxicity of this plant and signs of anticancer activity in the plant, unfortunately, there is still no proper treatment for leukemia cancer cells. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the anticancer effect of hypericin in the treatment of leukemia cancer and its possible mechanism of action.

Methods:
In this study, the K562 cell line was treated with different concentrations of hypericin for 24 and 48 h. Detection of cell death was performed by 3-[4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl]-2,5-diphenyl-2-tetrazolium bromide assay. The rate of cell apoptosis was measured by Annexin V/propidium iodide assay using flow cytometry. The expression of Bax, Bcl2, Myc, Mdm2, and P53 genes was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction test, and immunocytochemistry (ICC) analysis was used for further evaluation of P53.

Results:
The results showed that hypericin has a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on the K562 (in much less dose compared with cisplatin). According to flow cytometry results, cell apoptosis after exposure to hypericin for 24 h was 53%, and ICC analysis on p53 confirmed this. Furthermore, after 24 h of exposure to hypericin with IC50 concentration, the expression of P53 and Bax genes increased and the expression of the Bcl2, Myc, and Mdm2 gene decreased.

Conclusion:
The results showed that hypericin exerts its cytotoxicity on K562 cancer cells by downregulating Mdm2 and Myc. Based on the data acquired from the present study and many investigations till now, hypericin can be a good option for leukemia cancer cells treatment.
Evaluation of newly identified Ikaros family zinc finger 1 loci in colorectal cancer
Authors: Sharma Bhanu , Shah Ruchi , Jamwal Rajeshwer Singh , Verma Sonali , Bhat Amrita , Bhat Gulam Rasool , Bakshi Divya , Singh Supinder , Angurana Shabab , Bhat Audesh , Vaishnavi Samantha , Kumar Rakesh 
Published: March 2021

Aim:
In this study, we evaluated the association of rs6964823 of the Ikaros Family Zinc Finger 1 (IKZF1) gene with the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) within the population of Jammu and Kashmir (J and K).

Materials and Methods:
The variant rs6964823 of the IKZF1 gene was genotyped using the TaqMan allele discrimination assay for 578 individuals (182 CRC cases and 396 healthy controls). The association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms with the disease was evaluated using logistic regression.

Results:
It was observed that the variant rs6964823 (IKZF1) showed a significant association with an adjusted allelic odds ratio (OR) of 1.74 (1.34–2.27) at 95% confidence interval (CI), P ≤ 0.05. The dominant model (AA + AG vs. GG) was also applied, where the adjusted OR was 3.096 (2.011–4.76) at 95% CI, P > 0.05.

Conclusions:
It was found that the variant rs6964823 of the IKZF1 gene is associated with a higher risk of CRC within the population of J and K.
Awareness and cognition of illness in Saudi Arabian patients with Crohn's disease
Authors: Mosli Mahmoud , Saeedi Asala , Alnefaie Majed , Bawahab Noor , Abdo Lujain , Shobai Seigha , Alsahafi Majid , Saadah Omar 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Crohn's disease (CD) is a progressive illness associated with high morbidity owing to the complications associated with the condition. Patients' awareness and cognition of such complications may carry significant psychological impact. The aim of this study is to assess the illness cognition of Saudi patients diagnosed with CD and to identify clinical associations.

Methods:
Adult patients with CD were asked to complete an illness cognition questionnaire (ICQ) between January and December of 2019. Additional data was extracted from the medical records. The ICQ composed of three domains: Helplessness (6 items), acceptance (6 items), and perceived benefits (6 items). Descriptive statistics were used to summarize patient characteristics and a linear regression analysis was used to identify associations with the ICQ score.

Results:
A total of 88 patients were included, of which 55.8% were females, 18% were smokers, and 11.5% had undergone CD-related surgery. The mean age was 26.9 ± 7.7 years and the mean duration of disease was 54.7 ± 60.5 months. The mean score was 17.4 ± 3.6 for the helplessness domain, 13.4 ± 3.6 for the acceptance domain, and 13.5 ± 3.5 for the perceived benefits domain. We found associations between abdominal pain and acceptance (P = 0.048), extra intestinal manifestations and perceived benefit (P = 0.001), and treatment with mesalamine and helplessness (P = 0.03). In a linear regression analysis, albumin level was the only factor associated with helplessness (coef = 0.18, P = 0.048).

Conclusions:
A considerable proportion of Saudi patients diagnosed with CD generally reported a negative perception of their disease. Albumin level was associated with helplessness.