bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two component modified Lilliefors test for normality
Authors: Sulewski Piotr 
Published: July 2021

Research background: Commonly known and used parametric tests e.g. Student, Behrens? Fisher, Snedecor, Bartlett, Cochran, Hartley tests are applicable when there is an evidence that samples come from the Normal general population. What makes things worse is that testers are not fully aware in what degree of abnormality distorts results of parametric tests listed above and suchlike. So, it is no exaggeration to say that testing for normality (goodness-of-fit testing, GoFT) is a gate to proper parametric statistical reasoning. It seems that the gate opens too easily. In other words, most popular goodness-of-fit tests are weaker than statisticians want them to be.
Purpose of the article: The main purpose of this paper is to put forward the GoFT that is, in particular circumstances, more powerful than GoFTs used until now. The other goals are to define a similarity measure between an alternative distribution and the normal one and to calculate the power of normality tests for a big set of alternatives. And, of course, to interest statisticians in using the GoFTs in their practice.
Method: There are two ways to make GoFT more powerful: extensive and intensive one. The extensive method consists in drawing large samples. The intensive method consists in extracting more information from mall samples. In order to make the test method intensive, the test statistics, as distinct from all existing GoFTs, has two components. The first component (denoted by ?) is a classic Kolmogorov / Lilliefors test statistics i.e. the greatest absolute difference between theoretical and empirical cumulative distribution functions. The second component is the order statistics (r) at which the ?_max^((r) ) locate itself. Of course ?_max^((r) ) is the conditional random variable with (r) being the condition. Large scale Monte Carlo simulations provided data sufficient to in-depth study of properties of distributions of ?_max^((r) ) random variable.
Findings & value-added: Simulation study shows that the Two Component Modified Lilliefors test for normality is the most powerful for some type of alternatives, especially for the symmetrical, unimodal and bimodal distributions with positive excess kurtosis, for symmetrical and unimodal distributions with negative excess kurtosis and small sample sizes. Due to the values of skewness and excess kurtosis, and the defined similarity measure between the ND and an alternative, alternative distributions are close to the normal distribution. Numerous examples of real data show the usefulness of the proposed GoFT.
Harmful algal bloom resources for livestock veterinarians
Authors: Wolfe Eileen M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Harmful algal blooms can have deleterious effects on animal and human health as well as the environment and are anticipated to become more frequent and intensified in the future because of climate change. Veterinarians are well positioned to diagnose and treat animals affected by HABs and to educate livestock owners and the public about health risks and environmental issues associated with those toxic events. Pets, livestock, wildlife, and marine life can all be affected by HABs. Information about HABs is becoming increasingly assessable as a result of ongoing research into the structure, properties, toxic mechanisms, and geographic distribution of toxins found in HABs. The AVMA's multi-entity working group on HABs is comprised of members from the Aquatic Veterinary Medicine Committee, Committee on Environmental Issues, and Council on Public Health and is working to make more information and resources regarding HABs available to practicing veterinarians. The present article is the first of those resources and provides a review of HABs, with a focus on livestock. It includes background material about bloom formation, appearance, and persistence as well as descriptions of clinical observations from early field cases and more recent information about the causative organisms and toxins to provide livestock veterinarians a foundation for understanding HABs. Reporting of HABs and prevention and mitigation strategies for livestock owners are also discussed. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2021;259:151–161)
Quality of life in Brazilian martial arts and combat sports practitioners
Authors: Schwartz Juliano , Takito Monica , Warburton Darren , Antonietti Leandro , Franchini Emerson 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Study aim: Martial arts and combat sports have been an alternative for individuals seeking the health benefits of physical activity and exercise, but little is known about its practitioners’ quality of life. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the quality of life of practitioners of five of the most common modalities in Brazil.

Material and methods: A total of 922 young men, competitive and recreational practitioners of Brazilian jiu-jitsu, judo, karate, kung-fu, and taekwondo, answered the Brazilian version of the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire.

Results: The results for each domain – physical, psychological, social, and environmental – are, respectively, as follow (mean ± standard deviation): Brazilian jiu-jitsu: 74 ± 11, 75 ± 12, 77 ± 17, 67 ± 14; judo: 74 ± 13, 75 ± 12, 77 ± 15, 64 ± 12; karate: 76 ± 13, 75 ± 12, 78 ± 15, 64 ± 13; kung-fu: 77 ± 13, 75 ± 13, 74 ± 17, 65 ± 13; taekwondo: 76 ± 12, 76 ± 11, 78 ± 16, 64 ± 13; total: 75 ± 13, 75 ± 12, 77 ± 16, 65 ± 13. There was no difference between modalities and no interaction between modalities and experience level. All groups and the total sample presented higher values than the normative national data in the physical and psychological domains. This was also the case for the judo, karate, and taekwondo groups, as well as the total sample in the social domain, and for the Brazilian jiu-jitsu and the whole sample in the environmental domain. Additionally, in the whole sample competitors scored higher than recreational practitioners in the psychological domain.

Conclusion: These findings reveal that the practice of these modalities is associated with higher quality of life than the normative values. Longitudinal studies are warranted for a better understanding of this association.
Application of customisation and personalisation in digital solutions of the non-life insurance market: a case study of Lithuanian, Latvian and Estonian e-sales platforms
Authors: Baranauskas Gedas 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The Baltic non-life insurance market has not only continued recording a dynamic premium growth in the past three years but also has shown a significant transition to digital technologies and solutions. Here, the development of customised insurance products and systems, assessment of claims, and creation of personalised customer experience can be considered best practices in the application of theoretical concepts and, accordingly, require continuous studies from a scientific point of view. Therefore, the following research aims to present an as-is status of existing solutions of digital insurance platforms in Baltic countries and to clarify their compatibility with customisation, personalisation, and value co-creation features at the practical product and functional levels. Accordingly, a case-study method following a combination of a descriptive embedded single-case design and the state-of-the-art method was applied in the analysis of the non-life insurance market, its e-channel environment, and platforms of three Baltic countries — Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia. The multidimensional assessment matrix has been designed to present the results of the case study analysis on the practical product and functional levels. Research results refer to an assumption that ideas and methods of Mass Customisation and Mass Personalisation concepts, as well as their combination with digital solutions, penetrate the analysed part of the non-life insurance market in the Baltic countries and result in a mutually useful outcome for insurance companies and end-users. The paper contributes to further theoretical investigation of digitalisation and digital transformation of the non-life insurance market in the Baltic countries, as well as the development of practical knowledge in combined management and IT solutions application.
Role of supplier evaluation criteria in risk mitigation related to purchasing process
Authors: Urbaniak Maciej 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The article aims to present the role of supplier evaluation criteria in reducing purchasing risk. Before a purchasing enterprise starts cooperating with suppliers, it set specific requirements and expectations. The fulfilment of these requirements and expectations is verified through the evaluation of suppliers. Evaluation results should indicate potential risks that may arise in the development of partnership cooperation. The article includes the results of empirical research conducted using the computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI) technique in medium and large manufacturing companies operating in Poland. The results of the conducted empirical research indicate that companies wishing to partner with suppliers try to limit the level of risk associated with purchases. When evaluating suppliers, manufacturers focus mainly on reducing the risk associated with the defective technical quality of products, timely deliveries, delivery flexibility, time to restore continuity of deliveries, completeness of order fulfilment and delivery documentation, as well as price competitiveness. Also, in the evaluation of suppliers, companies operating in Poland are beginning to pay attention to the reduction of negative environmental impact.
WORKSHOP PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PAKEM DI SMP PGRI I SAMBOJA KABUPATEN KUTAI KARTANEGARA
Authors: Nur Agus Salim  
Published: July 2021

Tujuan dalam kegiatan ini adalah peserta workshop mendapat tambahan wawasan ilmu pengetahuan tentang model pembelajaran aktif, kreatif, efektif dan menyenangkan dan Peserta workshop dapat menerapkan model pembelajaran aktif, kreatif, efektif dan menyenangkan dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar di kelas.Metodeyang diterapkan dalam kegiatan iniadalahpemberian materidan praktiklangsung.Dalamworkshopiniakandiberikanbeberapa kegiatanyang meliputipenyajianmateri,danpraktik beberapametode pembelajaran aktif olehpeserta.Workshop ini memberikan beberapa materi yang terkait dengan upaya meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran dengan pemberian materi tentang implementasi model pembelajaran aktif, kreatif, efektif dan menyenangkan.
PENGUATAN PENDIDIKAN BERKARAKTER MELALUI TAYANGAN ANIMASI PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI 023 SAMARINDA
Authors: Ratna Khairunnisa  , Gamar Al Haddar  , Nur Agus Salim  
Published: July 2021

Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan penguatan pendidikan karakter pada anak SD melalui tayangan film animasi “Adit Sopo Jarwo”. Beberapa materi yang diberikan terkait dengan upaya penguatan pendidikan karakter anak SD khususnya pada SDN 023 Samarinda. Pentingnya tayangan yang layak ditonton oleh anak SD sehingga dapat menjadi pendamping pembelajaran yang positif dan menyenangkan. Metode yang diterapkan dalam kegiatan ini adalah sosialisasi. Dalam kegiatan sosialisasi terdiri dari beberapa kegiatan yang meliputi penyajian materi, diskusi dengan siswa dan refleksi. Penyajian materi yakni dengan menayangkan animasi Adit Sopo Jarwo dan menjelaskan pendidikan karakter yang terkandung di dalam tayangan tersebut Adapun metode Pengambilan data yang dilakukan dalam pengabdian yakni dengan memberikan angket dan wawancara langsung dengan siswa seputar film adit sopo jarwo.Setelah mengikuti sosialisasi ini siswa dapat : (1) mengetahui pendidikan karakter yang ada dalam film animasi Adit Sopo Jarwo antara lain: tentang keberanian, pantang menyerah, semangat, optimis, mandiri, tanggung jawab, peduli dengan sesama, meminta maaf dan memberikan maaf.(2) mengetahui tayangan mana yang layak dan tidak layak untuk ditonton.
Los Tratados Bilaterales de Inversión desde la perspectiva de la Convención de Viena de Derecho de los tratados : un camino hacia la “defragmentación” del Derecho Internacional
Authors: Vazquez Agustina , Marcote Natacha M. , Osorio Juan E. 
Published: July 2021

La Convención de Viena sobre el Derecho de los Tratados propone el mecanismo consensuado por los Estados para la interpretación de los tratados internacionales. Los denominados TBI (Tratados Bilaterales de Inversión), son ejemplo y, específicos del Derecho Internacional de las Inversiones. Sin embargo, dentro de esta rama del Derecho Internacional, perduran inquietudes acerca de su correspondencia o no con la aplicación del denominado “tratado de los tratados”; e incentivadas desde la corriente impulsada principalmente por los “practicantes”, árbitros o representantes de las partes, la forma en la que se han interpretado distintos tratados en materia de inversión, expone las tensiones de un Derecho Internacional fragmentado. ¿Quién ha de interpretarlos? ¿Bajo qué reglas? Este trabajo propone: en primer término, abordar la génesis y evolución del Derecho Internacional de las Inversiones; en un segundo término, su caracterización como ejemplo de fragmentación sustantiva del Derecho Internacional; a efectos de abordar en tercer término, la interpretación conforme a las reglas de la Convención de Viena de Derecho de los Tratados entre Estados como una herramienta solucionadora del dilema presentado. La conclusión se adhiere a éste último punto, entendiendo tal instrumento como el único dentro de Derecho Internacional General que aboga por la interpretación armónica y la integración sistemática. Su consecuencia, daría una creciente seguridad jurídica -escenario favorable para los inversores-, y un mayor respeto por la voluntad de los Estados, creadores de la norma internacional en pugna.
La participación gubernamental en el diseño de estrategias comerciales para la industria del calzado en México, desde la perspectiva de los derechos económicos, sociales y culturales
Authors: Aguado Romero Gabriela 
Published: July 2021

La industria del calzado se ha desarrollado en la zona de El Bajío mexicano, siendo Guanajuato el Estado pionero; sin embargo, los Estados de Querétaro y Aguascalientes pretenden emularlo. En el pasado, el proteccionismo estatal otorgó estabilidad al sector no obstante, el cambio de modelo económico a nivel mundial obligó a la nación a adoptar una nueva corriente económica, con la apertura de fronteras comerciales en beneficio de los grandes productores de calzado, pero no de los medianos y pequeños, algunos de ellos han sabido sortear los vaivenes que dictan los mercados internacionales, pero otros desaparecieron. Hoy se presenta un nuevo paradigma, el escenario mundial ha cambiado, en medio de pandemias, el anuncio de la Cuarta Revolución Tecnológica y una guerra comercial entre China y Estados Unidos, el Estado mexicano debe replantearse el rol que debe desempeñar, pues tal parece que su participación no ha de ser la de un Estado intervencionista, pero sí se requiere de su cooperación directa en cumplimiento a lo que disponen los derechos económicos, sociales y culturales, protegidos por diversos tratados internacionales y regionales, así como en la Constitución mexicana, cumpliendo con los compromisos adquiridos en los acuerdos sobre esta materia, el Estado debe diseñar estrategias que generen competencia seria y frontal, con el objetivo de lograr que pequeños y medianos manufactureros consoliden la exportación de su calzado.
Distribution and Toxic Equipvalent Assessement of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Pahs) in Particulate Matter Emmited from Rice Straw Open Field Burning in Hanoi
Authors: Thuy Pham Chau , Tuyen Le Huu 
Published: July 2021

This study investigated the distribution of PAHs content in particulate matter emitted from the open burning of rice straw in Hanoi. Fine particles (PM2.5) was collected using a MiniVol TAS device and the total suspended particles (TSP) was collected using a high-volume sampler Staplex. PAHs in particulate matter were analyzed by HPLC-FL with fluorescent detector. The results showed that 4-ring PAHs was dominant in particles emitted from rice straw burning, especially the most abundant PAHs was Flu: 57.8 37.1 and 64.8  34.9 µg/g in PM2.5 and TSP, respectively. However, the accumulation of PAHs with a higher rings number, especially the percentage of BaP in total 9PAHs in PM2.5 emitted from rice straw open burning was 2 times higher than that in the background samples, while the ratio of BaP in total 9PAHs in TSP from burning smoke is smaller than that of background samples. The carcinogenic potential of fine particles emitted from rice straw open burning calculated by BaPeq are 20 times higher than that of the background sample. Although the concentration of atmospheric particles - bound BaP in the present study (1.0  0.8 ng/m3) is lower than that in urban and traffic areas, the average value of BaP is still 8.7 times higher than the value recommended by the WHO. The results of this study show a picture of the toxic levels of atmospheric particles and particles emitted from rice straw open burning, providing clearer evidence to understand the adverse effects of rice straw open burning on atmospheric environment and health effect.
Angina de Ludwig e suas complicações: estudo de caso de paciente internado em UTI de um hospital público na região norte do Brasil
Authors: Vasconcelos Kamyla Souza de , Junior Messias Froes da Silva , Caires Nely Cristina Medeiros 
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: Relatar o caso de paciente imunocomprometido, internado em UTI pública na região norte do Brasil e as complicações sistêmicas causada por infecção odontogênica. Detalhamento do caso: Paciente do sexo masculino, 28 anos, deu entrada no Pronto Socorro, com a presença de aumento de volume em região submandibular bilateralmente, com projeção da língua anteriormente, dor e limitação da abertura bucal. Ao histórico médico, paciente portador de Leucemia Linfoblástica Aguda (LLA tipo B comum). Em região mandibular direita extra-oral havia abscesso subjacente comprometendo a pele. Na região cervical, observou-se necrose tecidual até região torácica. Paciente foi internado em UTI, e após a avaliação do cirurgião-dentista, observou-se a presença de resto radicular do elemento 46. O diagnóstico final foi definido como abscesso, angina de Ludwig com evolução para mediastinite e fasceíte necrosante. Foi realizado exodontia do elemento 46, suporte médico, antibioticoterapia e avaliação frequente do paciente pelo cirurgião-dentista. Considerações finais: O cirurgião-dentista é de suma importância em equipe multidisciplinar e ambiente hospitalar, no que tange à prevenção, condução e tratamento odontológico a fim de se evitar complicações graves e comprometimentos sistêmicos no paciente internado.
Upward transtentorial herniation: A new role for endoscopic third ventriculostomy
Authors: Moscardini-Martelli Júlia , Ponce-Gomez Juan Antonio , Alcocer-Barradas Victor , Romano-Feinholz Samuel , Padilla-Quiroz Pilar , Zazueta Marcela Osuna , Ortega-Porcayo Luis Alberto 
Published: July 2021

Background:
The placement of external ventricular drainage (EVD) to treat hydrocephalus secondary to a cerebellar stroke is controversial because it has been associated to upward transtentorial herniation (UTH). This case illustrates the effectiveness of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) after the ascending herniation has occurred.

Case Description:
A 50-year-old man had a cerebellar stroke with hemorrhagic transformation, tonsillar herniation, and non-communicating obstructive hydrocephalus. Considering that the patient was anticoagulated and thrombocytopenic, an EVD was placed initially, followed by clinical deterioration and UTH. We performed a suboccipital craniectomy immediately after clinical worsening, but the patient did not show clinical or radiological improvement. On the 5th day, we did an ETV, which reverses the upward herniation and hydrocephalus. The patient improved progressively with good neurological recovery.

Conclusion:
ETV is an effective and safe procedure for obstructive hydrocephalus. The successful resolution of the patient’s upward herniation after the ETV offers a potential option to treat UTH and advocates further research in this area.
Utility of a novel exoscope, ORBEYE, in gravity-assisted brain retraction surgery for midline lesions of the brain
Authors: Kijima Noriyuki , Kinoshita Manabu , Takagaki Masatoshi , Kishima Haruhiko 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Midline brain lesions, such as falx meningioma, arteriovenous malformations, and cavernous malformations, are usually approached from the ipsilateral interhemispheric fissure. To this end, patients are positioned laterally with the ipsilateral side up. However, some studies have reported the usefulness of gravity-assisted brain retraction surgery, in which patients are placed laterally with the ipsilateral side down or up, enabling surgeons to approach the lesions through the ipsilateral side or through a contralateral interhemispheric fissure, respectively. This surgery requires less brain retraction. However, when using an operative microscope, performing this surgery requires the surgeon to operate in an awkward position. A recently developed high-definition (4K-HD) 3-D exoscope system, ORBEYE, can improve the surgeon’s posture while performing gravity-assisted brain retraction surgery.

Methods:
We report five cases with midline brain tumors managed by resectioning with gravity-assisted brain retraction surgery using ORBEYE. We also performed an ergonomic analysis of gravity-assisted brain retraction surgery with a craniotomy model and a neuronavigation system.

Results:
Gravity-assisted brain retraction surgery to the midline brain tumors was successfully performed for all five patients, using ORBEYE, without any postoperative neurological deficit.

Conclusion:
Gravity-assisted brain retraction surgery to the midline brain lesions using ORBEYE is feasible, and ORBEYE is ergonomically more favorable than a microscope. ORBEYE has the potential to generalize neurosurgical approaches considered difficult due to the surgeon’s awkward position, such as gravity-assisted brain retraction surgery.
Residual Power Series Method for Solving Klein-Gordon Schrödinger Equation
Authors: Manaa Ssaad A. , Easif Fadhil H. , Murad Jomaa J. 
Published: July 2021

In this work, the Residual Power Series Method(RPSM) is used to find the approximate solutions of Klein Gordon Schrödinger (KGS) Equation. Furthermore, to show the accuracy and the efficiency of the presented method, we compare the obtained approximate solution of Klein Gordon Schrödinger equation by Residual Power Series Method(RPSM) numerically and graphically with the exact solution.