bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Burnout and Job Satisfaction Among Interventional Radiologists in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Justaniah Almamoon I. , Aljohani Renad M. , Alzelfawi Lama A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the prevalence of burnout and job satisfaction among interventional radiologists (IRs) in Saudi Arabia.
Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in June 2023 among IRs in Saudi Arabia. An online survey was sent to the IR members of the Saudi Interventional Radiology Society via WhatsApp using Google Forms. The survey consisted of a Likert scale satisfaction questionnaire, Maslach Burnout Inventory questionnaire, demographics, and general questions. Statistical analysis was performed; p <0.05 was considered significant when correlating between variables.
Results A total of 80/178 responses were received (44.9%), the majority were men (93.8%). The age group with the highest representation was 30 to 40 years (60%). Those between the ages of 30 and 40 had a higher (mean (standard deviation [SD])) depersonalization (DP) score (9 (3.6)) than those 51 and older (6.8 (4.5)). In addition, those who were practicing IR for 0 to 4 years (9.4 (3.5)) reported more DP than other participants (p = 0.007). Individuals who slept less than 5 hours per day had lower mean personal accomplishment. Most participants (76.3%) expressed satisfaction with their career choice, and 35% were satisfied with hospital staff appreciation, with neutral satisfaction levels for job salary and work/life balance.
Conclusion The study shows that about half of the IRs in Saudi Arabia have high levels of burnout. Most of them were satisfied with IR as a career choice, while less than a third were dissatisfied with both salary and work/life balance.
Rheolytic Pharmacomechanical Thrombectomy in Renal Dialysis Arteriovenous Fistula and Graft Thrombosis: Outcomes from a Tertiary Hospital in Qatar
Authors: Yasin Ahmad L. F. , Zoghoul Sohaib , Al-Ekeer Ahmad N. , M. Alahmad Yaman , Barah Ali , Rehman Saad , Almokdad Omran , Al-Debyani Qayed , Elmagdoub Ayman , Kassamali Rahil Hussein 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose To investigate the ability to salvage an acutely thrombosed dialysis access using rheolytic pharmacomechanical thrombectomy (PMT), the short- and medium-term patency rates and safety at a tertiary care hospital.
Methods A retrospective review of all patients who underwent rheolytic PMT for a thrombosed arteriovenous fistula (AVF) or arteriovenous graft (AVG) from October 2020 to 2023 was performed. Primary patency was defined as the ability to successfully dialyze through the treated access site without further intervention. Secondary patency included patients who required additional interventions that enabled them to continue dialysis. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS for comprehensive statistical evaluation.
Results A total of 37 thrombectomy procedures, involving 15 AVF and 22 AVG cases, were performed on 31 patients; 20 males and 11 females with a mean age of 62 ± 13 years. The average time from recognizing dialysis access site dysfunction to intervention was 2.6 ± 1.4 days. The mean total rheolytic PMT run time was 295 ± 119 seconds. Immediate technical success was defined as restoration of flow between the arteriovenous anastomosis and the central veins. Technical success was achieved in 91.9% (34/37) of thrombectomies. Clinical success was defined as the ability to achieve successful dialysis within 48 hours of the intervention. In total, 72.9% (27/37) of these cases achieved clinical success. Primary patency rates at 1, 3, and 6 months were 87.5, 78, and 46.9%, respectively. Secondary patency rates at 3, 6, and 12 months were 87.5, 66.7, and 58.3%, respectively. Angioplasty was performed in all procedures, and stent insertion was required in 13.5% (5/37) of thrombectomies.
Conclusion This study adds to the evidence that rheolytic PMT is a safe and effective tool for AVF and AVG salvage. After an initial thrombosis, the chance of re-thrombosis within 12 to 24 months is high and teams looking after these patients should have a strategy for future dialysis access.
Aortic Endograft Sizing
Authors: Ray Andrew T. , Wilkins Luke R. , Sheeran Daniel P. , Clouse W. Darrin , Angle J. Fritz 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) and endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) have become widely accepted techniques for the treatment of aortic aneurysms and dissections. Central to the success of TEVAR and EVAR is accurate endograft sizing. Key aspects to be discussed in this article include the importance of preprocedural centerline imaging with computed tomography angiography to evaluate the proximal and distal seal zones. This article will review TEVAR and EVAR endograft sizing, providing the interventionalist with practical advice to optimize patient selection and to improve procedural success.
Influence of quantum effects on the phase diagram of a two-dimensional electron crystal
Authors: Abdullaev B. , Lozovik Yu. E. 
Published: December 2024

Using the phenomenological melting criterion of Lindemann in the Debye model for a bounded crystal and in the Einstein model for a crystal and also using the modified Lindemann criterion ⟨(xi − xi+1)2⟩/a2 = γ1 (a is the lattice constant), we study the influence of the image forces and the transverse magnetic field on the region of stability of a two-dimensional electron crystal.
Calculation in the microscopic treatment in the self-consistent harmonic approximation (SHA) qualitatively confirms the T–n (temperature–concentration) phase diagram obtained with the Lindemann criterion for a crystal whose particles interact according to the Coulomb law. The influence of the image forces and the magnetic field on the phase diagram is studied within the framework of the SHA at T = 0.
Periodic structures on the charged surface of liquid helium
Authors: Meshkov S. V. , Mel’nikov V. I. 
Published: December 2024

It is well known that the uniform distribution of electrons pressed by an electric field to the surface of liquid helium becomes unstable at some critical value. In this case the surface is deformed and a macroscopic structure of the dimple crystal type is formed.
It is shown that at a low charge density the system is described by linear equations and the nonlinearity, stabilizing the structure, is due to the formation of charge-free segments of surface. The parameters of various structures and the transitions between them are investigated.
The Einstein relation in quantum systems
Authors: Kaganov M. I. , Fiks V. B. 
Published: December 2024

The Einstein relation between the dispersion coefficient D and the mobility u is considered in various quantum systems. From an analysis of the general thermodynamic relation E≡D/u = n(∂µ/∂n), where µ and n are the chemical potential and density of the moving particles, we have derived expressions for E in ideal Fermi and Bose gases; corrections have been included for the nonideal natures of the gases (in particular, the value of E has been calculated for a Fermi fluid); the transition through the Bose condensation point in a Bose gas has been considered (with allowance for fluctuations). The cases of one- and two-dimensional gases are considered and so is the influence of a quantizing magnetic field. It is shown that in a fluid E = ms2 (m is the particle mass and s is the speed of sound). The Einstein relation in quantum crystals is considered.
Comparison of the kinematic conclusion of the Einstein relation with the thermodynamic conclusion shows that the relation can be used to investigate the energy distribution of particles under nonequilibrium conditions.
Radiation caused by the indeterminacy of the energy of quasiparticles, and relaxation processes in He II
Authors: Adamenko I. N. , Tsyganok V. I. 
Published: December 2024

The kinetics of superfluid helium is determined fully by the gas of excitations—phonons and rotons. Conservation laws prohibit rotons to radiate and absorb phonons.
If the finite lifetime of rotons, owing to roton–roton interactions, is taken into account, however, this process proves to be permitted as a result of the indeterminacy of the energy.
On the basis of the temperature Green’s function we have obtained the photon–roton relaxation time for the given process.
It is shown that the kinetic coefficients of superfluid helium at elevated pressures are determined by the time we have found.
The theory of cholesteric liquid crystals in the atom–atom potentials approximation
Authors: Badalyan D. A. 
Published: December 2024

A method of statistical-thermodynamic calculation of the properties of cholesteric liquid crystals, in which the pair interaction energy of molecules is presented in the form of the sum of the interaction energies of the atoms that form the molecules (atom–atom potentials approximation). In this case the cholesteric phase is formed as a result of the correlation between the orientations of the chiral molecules.
The method makes it possible to take the distinctive features of the real structure of the molecule into account. The pitch of the spiral as well as the elastic constants have been found as functions of the geometry of the molecule and the constants of the interaction of the atom–atom potentials.
The blue phase of liquid crystals
Authors: Belyakov V. A. , Dmitrenko V. E. , Osadchii S. M. 
Published: December 2024

A brief review is made of experimental and theoretical investigations of the blue phase of liquid crystals, which is a thermodynamically stable phase with a complex spatial structure of the order parameter and which exists for some substances in a narrow temperature range of the order of 1 °K between the isotropic and ordinary cholesteric phases. Numerous versions of the structure of blue phases are discussed and a theory is developed for determining the structure by optical methods.
It is shown that optical measurements permit the structure of a blue phase to be determined directly, in much the same way as the x-ray structural determinations of crystal structures. The particular importance of polarization measurements in investigations of a blue phase is emphasized.
Phenomenological theory of the isomorphous phase transition in crystalline hydrogen
Authors: Sukharevskii B. Ya. , Leont’eva A. V. 
Published: December 2024

We discuss the possible existence of an isolated point of continuous phase transitions, near which — as implied by the phenomenological theory of Landau phase transitions—there exist two isomorphous crystalline phases, differing in the sign of the order parameter.
The results obtained are in qualitative agreement with data available in the literature on crystallization in hydrogen.
Influence of the size factor on the dynamic characteristics of cryocrystals
Authors: Kovalenko S. I. , Krainyukova N. V. 
Published: December 2024

We present the results of an electron-diffraction determination of the rms displacements ⟨u2⟩ of atoms in island films of Ar, Kr, and Xe, as well as the degree of orientational ordering of molecules in thin films of the a phases of N2 and CO.
The effective size of the specimens varied from 2–3 to several tens of angstroms while the size L of crystallites varied from 30 to 200 Å. The value of ⟨u2⟩ in the direction perpendicular to the wave vector of the primary electrons was determined from an analysis of the intensity of the diffracted beams as a function of the temperature. The initial data for calculation of the parameter of orientational ordering consisted of the ratio of the intensities of the “superlattice” lines to those of the fundamental lines.
As a result of the observations carried out we found an appreciable increase in ⟨u2⟩ in small particles of solidified inert gases. Comparison of the experimental results with a theoretical calculation enabled us to establish that this effect is due not only to the growth of the contribution of the surface but also to the substantial weakening of the interatomic interaction in small van der Waals crystals. This apparently was also responsible for the substantial lowering of the degree of orientational ordering of N2 and CO molecules in specimens with a small thickness.
A perspective on ultrafast magnetization switching in ferromagnets using helicity-independent optical pulses
Authors: Polley Debanjan , Bokor Jeffrey 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We offer a brief overview of the present status of ultrafast helicity-independent all-optical magnetization switching (HI-AOS) phenomena in ferromagnet (FM) films and multilayers. The discovery of HI-AOS in ferrimagnet alloys dates back to 2011. From an application standpoint, utilizing HI-AOS in an FM brings about several benefits. One of these advantages is its enhanced spin polarization, which leads to a higher tunneling magneto-resistance (TMR) across a magnetic tunnel junction device. The enhanced TMR greatly enhances its reading capability. Time-resolved and single-shot magneto-optical Kerr effect measurement has successfully enabled the detection of magnetization switching. The magnetization reversal speed stays within the range of tens of picoseconds. There are two methods to achieve HI-AOS in an FM: (1) ultrafast spin-current-induced magnetization switching, and (2) ultrafast exchange interaction-dominated magnetization switching. We conduct a comprehensive analysis of a selection of recent academic publications that delve into both of these subjects and offer a succinct assessment of the present status of the ultrafast HI-AOS phenomenon in FMs. Finally, we discuss the latest developments in tackling the obstacles the HI-AOS mechanism faces and the exciting prospects for developing a high-speed spintronic memory device.
Recent Developments on 2D-Materials for Gas Sensing Application
Authors: Prakash Chandra , Yadav Ankit K. , Sharma Minakshi , Singh Vijay K. , Dixit Ambesh 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The industrialization has severely impacted the ecosystem because of intensive use of chemicals and gases, causing the undesired outcomes such as hazardous gases, e.g., carbon monoxide (CO), nitrox oxide (NOx), ammonia (NH3), hydrogen (H2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and even volatile organic compounds. These hazardous gases are not only impacting the living beings but also the entire ecosystem. Thus, it becomes essential to monitor these gases for their efficient management. There are continuous efforts to realize such sensors, which rely on the functional materials properties. The widely used such sensors use metal oxide nanomaterials. However, these are not very sensitive and operate at higher temperatures. In contrast, two-dimensional (2D) materials such as Graphene, Borophene, MXenes, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) including doping, functionalization, and heterostructures offer unique physical, chemical, and optoelectronic properties. The chemical properties with high specific surface area of 2D materials make them suitable for gas sensing applications. The present article covers the recent developments on 2D-TMDs layered material, including MoS2, WS2, h-BN, and Graphene, as well as their heterostructures, for gas sensing applications. The article also emphasizes their synthesis and characterization techniques, especially for 2D materials. The electronic properties of these materials are highly sensitive to any chemical changes, resulting in significant changes in their resistance. It led to the development of the highly scalable chemiresistive-based gas sensor. The sensing parameters such as sensitivity, selectivity, gas concentration, limit of detection, temperature, humidity, response, reproducibility, stability, recovery, and response time are discussed in detail to understand the gas sensing characteristics of these 2D materials. The article also includes the past developments, current status, and future scope of these materials as highly efficient gas sensors. Thus, this review article may lead the researchers to design and develop highly sensitive gas sensors based on 2D materials.
AF-EIDD: an anchor-free, end-to-end obstacle image denoising detection network for rail transit
Authors: Zhang Mingchao , He Deqiang , Qin Yuliang , Jin Zhenzhen , Chen Yanjun , Shan Sheng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
With the growth of urban populations and the increasing demand for transportation, urban rail transit plays a crucial role in modern cities. However, adverse weather conditions pose significant challenges to the robustness of obstacle detection for most traditional networks in rail environments. This paper proposes a highly robust anchor-free, end-to-end obstacle image denoising detection network (AF-EIDD) for rail transit. AF-EIDD enhances obstacle detection by denoising images and extracting critical features for accurate obstacle identification, even under adverse weather conditions. The network is lightweight yet capable of capturing local and global image characteristics, ensuring high efficiency and precision. The proposed method has been validated on datasets collected from real-world rail scenarios, including the Nanning Metro Line 2 test route and tunnel environments. AF-EIDD achieves high average mean average precision while maintaining a lightweight design, demonstrating practical applicability for real-time obstacle detection. A dedicated robustness testing dataset was also developed, covering nighttime, heavy rain, and dense fog conditions. Experimental results indicate that AF-EIDD outperforms state-of-the-art obstacle detection networks in terms of robustness, highlighting its potential for deployment in complex rail transit environments.
Optimized path planning for underground coal mine filling: an greedy adaptive directional bidirectional rapidly-exploring random tree
Authors: Zhang Zihang , Liu Yang , Bo Lei , Yang Shangqing , Wang Yanwen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The technology of mining filling is of great significance in improving coal recovery rates, protecting the environment, and conserving land resources. The current efficiency of filling is constrained by single-method approaches. To address this issue, this study develops a path planning model based on underground fill space data, which comprehensively considers fill path length and material volume using a goal programming method, and designs corresponding constraints and adaptive weights. To further optimize search efficiency, an adaptive directional bidirectional rapidly-exploring random tree (AD-BIRRT) algorithm is proposed. This algorithm can intelligently adjust the optimal exploration direction based on current demand and state, significantly enhancing search efficiency and accuracy through the establishment of a dual-tree structure. Additionally, a novel greedy strategy is introduced to resolve path smoothing and redundancy issues. To verify the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed method, comparative tests were conducted in test scenarios, fill scenarios, and on experimental platforms against BIRRT, BIRRT*, Genetic algorithm, and artificial potential field algorithms. The results indicate that the proposed greedy AD-BIRRT algorithm exhibits significant advantages in terms of computation time, path quality, and material accumulation. This algorithm effectively enhances the efficiency and quality of the filling process.
Electromagnetic non-orthognal flow of variable viscosity nanofluid over a rotating riga disk with prescribed thermal slip
Authors: Ali I , Mehmood R , Sarkar S 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates the complex dynamics of a 3D oblique magneto hydrodynamic (MHD) flow of Ag-water Nanofluid across a rotating Riga disk. Temperature dependent viscosity along with prescribed momentum and thermal slip on the surface of rotating Riga disk are taken into account. Permanent magnets are attached to a flat surface of the electrode array on Riga plate, which is oriented span-wise. This configuration produces an exponentially decaying Lorentz force parallel to the array. The interaction of magnetic fields, rotational effects, and boundary slip phenomena in a three-dimensional flow is the main topic of the study. The study uses the Shooting algorithm to investigate the effects of the Riga disk's rotation and the presence of a magnetic field on heat transfer and flow characteristics. Furthermore, the addition of momentum and thermal slip boundary conditions sheds more light on differences between realistic situations and standard no-slip models. With implications for better design and optimization in engineering systems involving rotating disks and magnetic fields, this work advances our understanding of complex fluid dynamics in MHD applications. Velocity profiles

f
′
(
η
)

and g(η) drops down while enhancing values of nano particle volume fraction ϕ whereas g(η) reduces by ehancement of Hartman number Ha and velocity slip parameter ω
1. The temperature θ(η) rises with increasing thermal slip ω
2 velocity slip parameter ω
1 and Hartmann number Ha. Additionally, it increases with the volume fraction of solid nanoparticles ϕ and the width parameter δ. As width parameter δ increases, the local heat flux

−

K

n
f

K

f

.
θ
′
(
0
)

decreases. Skin friction coefficient f″(0) increases with viscosity parameter m and decreases with variations in thermal slip parameter ω
2. 3D flow patterns exhibits the significant influence of momentum slip parameter ω
1 on the location of stagnation point.
Dynamical-decoupling-protected unconventional nonadiabatic geometric quantum computation
Authors: Wu Xuan , Jin Long-Yi , Wang Hong-Fu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Unconventional nonadiabatic geometric quantum computation not only possesses the geometric robustness of conventional ones but also avoids the need to remove the dynamical phase. Dynamical decoupling is a promising method to protect unconventional nonadiabatic geometric gates against decoherence. Here, we propose a protocol to implement unconventional nonadiabatic geometric quantum computation protected by dynamical decoupling. By using three physical qubits to encode a logical qubit and choosing a system Hamiltonian that commutes with the decoupling group, a universal set of dynamical-decoupling-protected unconventional nonadiabatic geometric gates can be realized. Our work maintains the robustness of unconventional nonadiabatic geometric gates while protecting quantum gates against both collective and independent decoherence.
New soliton structure and trajectory equation for the asymmetrical Nizhnik- Novikov-Veselov equation with variable coefficients in incompressible fluid
Authors: Ji Yin , Tan Wei 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper focuses on some new soliton structures and dynamic properties of the (2+1)-dimensional asymmetrical Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov equation with variable coefficients, which can be used to describe the nonlinear wave phenomena in incompressible fluid, such as parameter regulation of soliton structures, hybridization behavior between different solitons and trajectory equations of soliton collisions. Firstly, the N-soliton solutions and parameter regulations are studied based on the bilinear form of equations. Secondly, the M-order lump solutions and trajectory equations are discussed by employing the long wave limit method. Finally, we focused on studying the interaction behavior between different solitons and the trajectory equations before and after collision, and provided a proof of the trajectory between the lump solution and the n-soliton before and after collision (where n is any positive integer).