bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The risk factors for insomnia and sleep-disordered breathing in military communities: A meta-analysis
Authors: Huang Yujia , Xu Jingzhou , Zheng Siqi , Xu Shuyu , Wang Yajing , Du Jing , Xiao Lei , Zhang Ruike , Wang Hao , Tang Yunxiang , Su Tong 
Published: May 2021

Background
Many reviews and meta-analyses had been conducted to investigate risk factors for sleep disorders in the general population. However, no similar research has been performed in the military population though insomnia and sleep-disordered breathing are quite prevalent in that population.

Objectives
To investigate risk factors for insomnia and sleep-disordered breathing in military personnel.

Methods
A systematic literature search was performed from inception to March 2021 and 6496 records were produced. Two authors independently screened records for eligibility. Results were presented as odds ratios, and a random-effect model was used to pool results. Data analysis was performed respectively according to military personnel type (i.e., veteran, active-duty personnel). Risk factors were sorted into three categories: sociodemographic, army-specific, and comorbidity. This meta-analysis was registered in PROSPERO before data analysis (registration No: CRD42020221696).

Results
Twenty-seven articles were finally included in the quantitative analysis. For sleep-disordered breathing in active-duty personnel, four sociodemographic (i.e., overweight/obesity, higher body mass index, male gender, >35 years old) and one comorbidity (i.e., depression) risk factors were identified. For insomnia in active-duty personnel, four sociodemographic (i.e., aging, alcohol dependence, white race, and female gender), two army-specific (i.e., deployment experience, combat experience), and four comorbidity (i.e., depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, traumatic brain injury, and anxiety) risk factors were identified. For insomnia in veterans, one army-specific (i.e., combat experience) and one comorbidity (i.e., post-traumatic stress disorder) risk factor was identified.

Conclusions
Several risk factors were identified for insomnia and sleep-disordered breathing in the current meta-analysis. Risk factors for veterans and active-duty personnel were partially different. Research on sleep breathing disorders remains limited, and more convincing evidence would be obtained with more relevant studies in the future.
Virtual triage and outcomes of diabetic foot complications during Covid-19 pandemic: A retro-prospective, observational cohort study
Authors: Rastogi Ashu , Hiteshi Priya , Bhansali A. Anil , Jude Edward B. 
Published: May 2021

Aims
Limb and patient outcomes in people with diabetic foot complications including diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) provided virtual triage and personalized video consultations during COVID-19 pandemic are not known.

Methods
Patients with foot complications attending the diabetic foot clinic prior to lockdown who sought teleconsultations during COVID-19 lockdown underwent virtual triage to include clinical history, visual inspection of feet, domiciliary wound care (community nurse assisted dressings) and offloading instructions. The subsequent ulcer, limb and mortality outcomes during the following 24 weeks of COVID-19 lockdown (April-September 2020, group 1) were assessed and compared with those who attended foot clinic during the same period in 2019 (April-September, group 2).

Results
Group 1 included 561 participants with foot complications provided with teleconsultations, median age 57 (51 to 63) years and diabetes duration of 10 (5 to 16) years. Twelve patients with severe DFU were excluded and 549 patients [357 (65%) neuropathic foot, 104 (18.9%) ischemic foot and 88 (16%) chronic Charcot foot with deformities] were evaluated. There were 227 (41.3%) participants with active DFU at start of lockdown, 32 (5.8%) with new onset ulcer during lockdown (47.1%) and 290 patients without ulcers. Group 2 included 650 participants; active foot ulcer was present in 366 patients. Wound closed or reduced in area in 78.4% of participants of group 1 compared to 76.0% (p = 0.318) in group 2. Fourteen (5.4%) patients required amputations [3 major and 11 minor] in group 1 during the study period compared to 6.8% in group 2 (p = 0.191). Twenty-one (3.8%) and 28 (4.3%) patients died (p = 0.532) during 24 weeks of follow up in group 1 and 2, respectively.

Conclusions
Targeted foot-care service through virtual triage and teleconsultations during COVID-19 pandemic for people with foot complications have similar ulcer and limb outcomes compared to face-to-face foot care delivery.
Prevalence and outcomes of co-infection and superinfection with SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Musuuza Jackson S. , Watson Lauren , Parmasad Vishala , Putman-Buehler Nathan , Christensen Leslie , Safdar Nasia 
Published: May 2021

Introduction
The recovery of other pathogens in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection has been reported, either at the time of a SARS-CoV-2 infection diagnosis (co-infection) or subsequently (superinfection). However, data on the prevalence, microbiology, and outcomes of co-infection and superinfection are limited. The purpose of this study was to examine the occurrence of co-infections and superinfections and their outcomes among patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Patients and methods
We searched literature databases for studies published from October 1, 2019, through February 8, 2021. We included studies that reported clinical features and outcomes of co-infection or superinfection of SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens in hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients. We followed PRISMA guidelines, and we registered the protocol with PROSPERO as: CRD42020189763.

Results
Of 6639 articles screened, 118 were included in the random effects meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of co-infection was 19% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 14%-25%, I2 = 98%) and that of superinfection was 24% (95% CI: 19%-30%). Pooled prevalence of pathogen type stratified by co- or superinfection were: viral co-infections, 10% (95% CI: 6%-14%); viral superinfections, 4% (95% CI: 0%-10%); bacterial co-infections, 8% (95% CI: 5%-11%); bacterial superinfections, 20% (95% CI: 13%-28%); fungal co-infections, 4% (95% CI: 2%-7%); and fungal superinfections, 8% (95% CI: 4%-13%). Patients with a co-infection or superinfection had higher odds of dying than those who only had SARS-CoV-2 infection (odds ratio = 3.31, 95% CI: 1.82–5.99). Compared to those with co-infections, patients with superinfections had a higher prevalence of mechanical ventilation (45% [95% CI: 33%-58%] vs. 10% [95% CI: 5%-16%]), but patients with co-infections had a greater average length of hospital stay than those with superinfections (mean = 29.0 days, standard deviation [SD] = 6.7 vs. mean = 16 days, SD = 6.2, respectively).

Conclusions
Our study showed that as many as 19% of patients with COVID-19 have co-infections and 24% have superinfections. The presence of either co-infection or superinfection was associated with poor outcomes, including increased mortality. Our findings support the need for diagnostic testing to identify and treat co-occurring respiratory infections among patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Assessment of the gut bacterial microbiome and metabolome of girls and women with Rett Syndrome
Authors: Thapa Santosh , Venkatachalam Alamelu , Khan Nabeel , Naqvi Mohammed , Balderas Miriam , Runge Jessica K. , Haag Anthony , Hoch Kathleen M. , Glaze Daniel G. , Luna Ruth Ann , Motil Kathleen J. 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundGastrointestinal problems affect the health and quality of life of individuals with Rett syndrome (RTT) and pose a medical hardship for their caregivers. We hypothesized that the variability in the RTT phenotype contributes to the dysbiosis of the gut microbiome and metabolome in RTT, predisposing these individuals to gastrointestinal dysfunction.ObjectivesWe characterized the gut bacterial microbiome and metabolome in girls and young women with RTT (n = 44) and unaffected controls (n = 21), and examined the relation between the composition of the microbiome and variations in the RTT phenotype.MethodsDemographics and clinical information, including growth and anthropometric measurements, pubertal status, symptoms, clinical severity score, bowel movement, medication use, and dietary intakes were collected from the participants. Fecal samples were collected for analysis of the gut microbiome using Illumina MiSeq-based next-generation sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene followed by bioinformatics analysis of microbial composition, diversity, and community structure. Selected end-products of microbial protein metabolism were characterized by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.ResultsThe gut bacterial microbiome differed within the RTT cohort based on pubertal status (p<0.02) and clinical severity scores (p<0.02) of the individuals and the type of diet (p<0.01) consumed. Although the composition of the gut microbiome did not differ between RTT and unaffected individuals, concentrations of protein end-products of the gut bacterial metabolome, including γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) (p<0.001), tyrosine (p<0.02), and glutamate (p<0.06), were lower in the RTT cohort. Differences in the microbiome within RTT groups, based on symptomatic anxiety, hyperventilation, abdominal distention, or changes in stool frequency and consistency, were not detected.ConclusionsAlthough variability in the RTT phenotype contributes to the dysbiosis of the gut microbiome, we presently cannot infer causality between gut bacterial dysbiosis and gastrointestinal dysfunction. Nevertheless, alterations in the gut metabolome may provide clues to the pathophysiology of gastrointestinal problems in RTT.
Readiness of physicians and medical students to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic in the UAE
Authors: Barqawi Hiba J. , Kampani Drishti D. , Haddad Enad S. , Al-Roub Nora M. , Abu-Gharbieh Eman 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundCoronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome–Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), is the defining global health crisis of this time. It is responsible for significant morbidity and has had severe socioeconomic consequences. This study aims to assess the knowledge, preparedness and attitudes of medical students, physicians and faculty members in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) on COVID-19 and their perspective on the roles of educational and healthcare institution towards improving pandemic preparedness and enabling optimal care.MethodologyAn exploratory, descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 444 participants, using a non-probability convenience sampling method. English-speaking participants from the medical field aged 18 and above were included in the study. The validated questionnaire was administered online and distributed across social media platforms from May-July 2020. T-test, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney-U test were used when appropriate. Responses were analysed and statistical tests applied using IBM SPSS, version 25.ResultsThe knowledge scores were calculated amongst different ages and professional status, and the mean was 59.08% (SD = 12.848%). Almost half of the participants obtained poor knowledge scores (less than 60%). Most of the participants followed the latest updates on COVID-19 (86.7%). The majority opted to obtain information from the national health authorities (63.4%). The mean preparedness score among the participants was 68.65% (SD = 17.456%). Being in contact with patients significantly increased the preparedness score (p< 0.001). Only 27.9% of the participants believed their college education provided adequate knowledge to deal with epidemics or pandemics. Several barriers affect willingness to work in a pandemic, with 80.6% of participants worried about posing a risk to family members.ConclusionThis study highlights the importance of establishing tailored COVID-19 related education programs to improve knowledge levels, especially in medical students. Efforts are still needed to promote effective control measures and address the barriers affecting willingness to work in a pandemic.
Analisis Kesalahan dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Geometri Siswa Kelas XI SMK Bina Warga Lemahabang
Authors: Misni Misni , Ferdianto Ferry 
Published: May 2021

Geometri mengandung gambar dan simbol-simbol yang abstrak sehingga butuh penalaran yang tinggi. Kebanyakan siswa kurang memahami materi geometri, sehingga ketika siswa dihadapkan dengan soal geometri akan terjadi kesalahan dalam pengerjaannya. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya identifikasi dari kesalahan-kesalahan siswa dalam menjawab soal-soal geometri. Adapun, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal geometri dan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang menjadi kesalahan siswa dalam menjawab soal geomerti. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI AK SMK Bina Warga Lemahabang. Pengambilan sampelnya yaitu dengan teknik purposive sampling berdasarkan hasil tes siswa. Cara dalam menganalisis hasil tes siswa dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi data yang diperoleh dari hasil tes siswa lalu disimpulkan jenis-jenis kesalahannya. Adapun hasil analisis soal dan jawaban siswa, diketahui bahwa faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan kesalahan adalah (1) kesalahan dalam memahami konsep (2) kurangnya tingkat penalaran siswa untuk mencapai sebuah ruang. (3) kurang teliti (4) kurang menguasai materi (5) kesalahan dalam menuliskan formula.
[Geometry contains abstract images and symbols so it needs high reasoning. Most students do not understand geometry material, so that when students are faced with geometric problems there will be errors in the process. Therefore, it is necessary to identify students' mistakes in answering geometry questions. Meanwhile, the purpose of this study is to determine the types of student errors in solving geometry problems and to find out the factors that are the students' mistakes in answering geomechanical questions. This study used descriptive qualitative method. The sample used in this study was class XI AK SMK Bina Warga Lemahabang. Sampling is by purposive sampling technique based on student test results. The way to analyze student test results is done by identifying data obtained from student test results and then concluding the types of errors. The results of the analysis of the questions and answers of students, it is known that the factors that cause errors are (1) errors in understanding the concept (2) the lack of students' level of reasoning to reach a space. (3) inaccurate (4) lack of mastery of material (5) errors in writing formula.]
KAJIAN PERILAKU WISATAWAN DAN PKL DI LAPANGAN MERDEKA BENGKULU PADA FASE NORMAL BARU
Authors: Hakim Abdul Hamid 
Published: May 2021

Himbauan Pemerintah untuk melakukan aktifitas dengan menerapkan protokol kesehatan wajib dipatuhi oleh masyarakat untuk menghindari penyebaran wabah yang sangat cepat. Bengkulu sebagai salah satu provinsi di Indonesia menerapakan hal serupa, tetapi kenyataan yang terjadi di lapangan banyak masyarakat yang tidak mengindahkan himbau ini dengan tetap melakukan aktifitas seperti biasa, seperti berkumpul ditempat wisata salah satunya yaitu Koridor Lapangan Merdeka Bengkulu yang menjadi lokasi penelitian pada ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa perilaku masyarakat di Koridor Lapangan Merdeka Bengkulu sebagai ruang publik dalam mengahadapi masa normal baru. Metode pendekatan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif evaluatif yang bertujuan untuk mengumpulkan informasi tentang apa yang terjadi, yang merupakan kondisi nyata mengenai keterlaksanaan rencana yang memerlukan evaluasi. Hasil menunjukan bahwa kawasan koridor Lapangan Merdeka Bengkulu sebagai salah satu magnet wisata di Kota Bengkulu, belum siap menjalankan protokol kesehatan selama masa pandemi dan kurangnya fasilitas yang dapat digunakan untuk pencegahan penyebaran infeksi virus corona khususnya di Kota Bengkulu.
K-fold Validation Neural Network Approach for Predicting the One-Day Compressive Strength of UHPC
Authors: Abellán-García Joaquín 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper analyzes the application of artificial neural networks (ANN) to predict the 1-day compressive strength of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) made with any combination of powders and supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) such as silica fume (SF), fly ash (FA), ground granulated blast slag furnace (GGBSF), recycled glass powder (GP), rice husk ash (RHA), fluid catalytic cracking catalyst residue (FC3R), metakaolin (MK), limestone powder (LP), and quartz powder (QP). A total of 604 data from scientific literature were used to train the one hidden layer ANN model by using the k-fold validation procedure. Furthermore, 90 UHPC mixtures were experimentally performed to validate the proposed ANN model. The performance of the model was assessed using several statistical performance indexes: ratio of the root mean square error to the standard deviation of measured data (RSR), root mean square error (RSME), normalized mean bias error (NMBE), Nash–Sutcliff efficiency, and coefficient of multiple determination (R2). Connection weight approach (CWA) algorithm was utilized to analyze the relationships between the UHPC components and the 1-day compressive strength. The results indicated that the ANN is an efficient model for predicting the early strength (1-day compressive strength) of UHPC achieving R2 values of 0.88 and 0.86 on the test data and experimental data, respectively, even when the experimental dosages included combinations of components that were not found in the training data. The results of the CWA analysis indicated that SCM such as MK, FC3R, SF, and LP, as well as other factors such as virtual packing density, improved the early strength of UHPC, whereas FA, GP, and RHA were pointed out as harmful for the one-day compressive strength. As conclusion, the ANN model could be helpful in the developing of UHPC with early strength needs by preselecting the combinations of available SCM and powders that have better results in the model at lower cost.
Investigation of an Ice Hockey Helmet Test Protocol Representing Three Concussion Event Types
Authors: Meehan Andrew , Post Andrew , Blaine Hoshizaki T. , Gilchrist Michael D. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Although ice hockey helmet standards mitigate the risk of catastrophic head injuries, the risk of concussion remains high. To improve protection, helmets need to be evaluated using impact conditions reflecting how concussions occur in ice hockey. The purpose of this research was to evaluate how three helmet impact tests represent three common concussive events in ice hockey. An ice drop test (representing head-to-ice impacts), 30° and 45° anvil boards drop tests (representing head-to-boards impacts), and medium and high shoulder compliance pneumatic ram tests (representing shoulder-to-head impacts) were performed on a hybrid III headform. Finite element analysis using the University College Dublin Brain Trauma Model was conducted to calculate maximum principal strain (MPS). The mean dynamic response and MPS from each helmet test were compared to a dataset of concussive injury reconstructions. Stepwise forward multiple linear regressions identified the dynamic response variables producing the strongest relationship with MPS for each helmet test and concussion reconstructions. The results indicated that the ice and boards drop test and shoulder ram test had magnitudes and relationships between variables similar to the concussion reconstructions. The proposed testing methodologies in this study closely approximated concussion mechanics in ice hockey and inform improved helmet test standards and design.
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Single Fiber Pull-Out Tests of Steel Macro-Fiber and Glass Micro-Fiber in a Cementitious Matrix
Authors: Khabaz Amjad 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a modeling-based relationship between fiber diameter and frictional bond strength for steel macro-fiber (0.8-mm diameter) and glass micro-fiber (5–24-μm diameter) embedded in a cementitious matrix. A combined approach of experimental stress-displacement results obtained through single fiber pull-out tests and finite element modeling (FEM)–based stress-displacement results yielded the friction coefficient for the two types of fibers used. Further analysis relating to the pressure exerted on the fiber caused by the surrounding concrete reveals that a smaller fiber diameter would improve the bond strength. The improvements in frictional bond strength due to reduced diameter are based on FEM analysis. Validation of the experimental results is done through numerical approaches. The results showed that in the case of the same diameter, the pressure of the surrounding concrete decreases throughout the fiber sliding. The results also showed that the smaller diameter of fiber improves the properties of fiber-reinforced concrete interfaces.
E-dnevnik u školskoj praksi – mišljenja i iskustva nastavnika srednjih škola
Authors: Vrkić Dimić Jasmina , Vidov Sara 
Published: May 2021

Članak prikazuje rezultate anketnoga ispitivanja mišljenja i iskustava nastavnika srednjih škola o implementaciji e-dnevnika u školsku praksu, prednostima i nedostatcima njegova korištenja te mogućnostima njegova daljnjega unaprjeđenja. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 127 ispitanika – nastavnika 9 srednjih škola u gradu Zadru koji u svojem svakodnevnom radu koriste e-dnevnik. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da je uporaba e-dnevnika zaživjela u odgojno-obrazovnoj praksi naših škola. Nastavnici ga pretežito pozitivno doživljavaju, smatraju ga jednostavnim za uporabu i korisnim za poboljšanje obrazovnoga sustava. Većina ih je pohađala obuke za korištenje e-dnevnika, poglavito one organizirane u školama te njihovu kvalitetu visoko pozitivno vrednuju. Nastavnici ne koriste sve potencijale e-dnevnika, već njegovim mogućnostima i opcijama pristupaju selektivno koristeći tek dio njegovih ukupnih potencijala. Na temelju iskustva korištenja e-dnevnika u školskoj praksi nastavnici navode njegove najveće prednosti i nedostatke te u skladu s njima daju sugestije za njegovo daljnje unaprjeđenje. S obzirom na to da ne postoje slična istraživanja, ovdje prikazani rezultati ispitivanja mišljenja i iskustava nastavnika srednjih škola mogli bi poslužiti kao putokaz daljnje aktualizacije i unaprjeđenja aplikacije e-dnevnik.