bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depression and anxiety in parents of children and adolescents with intellectual disability
Authors: Sharma Rachit , Singh Harpreet , Murti Mangal , Chatterjee Kaushik , Rakkar Jaspreet Singh 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Parents of Intellectual Disabled (ID) children and adolescents are subjected to higher caregiver burden which is associated with Depression and Anxiety. There are very few studies which have assessed these morbidities in an industrial population.

Aims and Objectives:
The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of Depression and Anxiety and its psychosocial correlates among these parents.

Materials and Methods:
The study was a Cross-sectional observational study, conducted at the Psychiatry unit of a tertiary care multi-specialty hospital in Maharashtra. It examined 99 parents (99 fathers and 98 mothers) of 99 children and adolescents (up to 18 yrs of age) with Intellectual Disability for Depression and Anxiety. Assessment was done using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).

Results:
94% of mothers and 66.7% of fathers were found to have either anxiety or depressive symptoms, or both. Among mothers, 91.8% had scores suggestive of anxiety, 66.3% for depression and 64.3% for both anxiety and depression. Among fathers 57.6% had had scores suggestive of anxiety, 35.4% for depression and 26.3% for both. The association was significant between HADS Depression sub-scores of parents and child's ID severity, diagnosis of Down's syndrome and lack of family support (P-value <0.05). In addition significant association was also found between father's anxiety and depression scores and age of father and medical co-morbidities in the child (P-value <0.05).

Conclusion:
Significantly high proportions of parents were found to have anxiety /depressive symptoms or both. These symptoms appear to be associated with severity of ID and lack of family support and were significantly more in the primary care giver (mothers).
Evaluation of burden felt by caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
Authors: Tanna Kajal Jitendrakumar 
Published: July 2021

Background:
It can be a difficult task to provide care to the patients living with mental health issues, especially with chronic diseases such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder where the patient loses touch with reality.

Aim:
The current study was aimed to assess the of burden of care that caregivers feel while giving care to the patients of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and to compare the difference in burden between these two conditions. The study also evaluated the factors affecting the caregiver's burden.

Settings and Design:
This was a cross-sectional interview-based study conducted at the psychiatry department of a tertiary care hospital in Gujarat among caregivers of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

Subjects and Methods:
Each caregiver was given the Zarit-Burden Interview scale in vernacular language and asked to rate each statement from 0 to 4 where 0: never, 1: rarely, 2: sometimes, 3: quite frequently, and 4: nearly always. The final score was calculated and interpreted as: 0–21 – little or no burden, 41–60 – moderate to severe burden, and 61–88 – severe burden.

Statistical Analysis:
Data of the burden score were expressed as mean and standard deviation and compared using unpaired t-test. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used for correlation between burden score and variables such as age, years of education, and duration of illness. The analysis was done using GraphPad version 3.0 and Microsoft Excel 2016.

Results:
A total of 210 caregivers reported the interview scale completely, of which 105 caregivers belonged to schizophrenia group and 105 were related to bipolar disorder. Average of burden score was 64.89 ± 15.7 and 59.11 ± 17.8 (maximum score: 88) in schizophrenia and bipolar group, respectively, and difference between the group was statistically significant. In both the groups, it was found that, with increase in the age of patients, caregiver's burden significantly increased.

Conclusion:
Caregivers of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients feel a considerable burden of care with more burden felt by the caregivers of schizophrenia. The more vulnerable to burden are females, elderly, low-income groups, and patients in whom longer duration of care is required. The caregivers should receive an adequate support for maintaining their own mental health. they should be provided support for maintaining their mental health. Particularly, vulnerable are females, elderly, low-income groups, and longer duration of care. They should be provided with adequate support.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Regarding COVID-19 Among General Population
Authors: Poddar Aastha , Gogate Abhishek , Kumbar Anusha Sydney Francis , Francis Cordeiro Kurt Sydney , Appajigol Jayaprakash , Javali Shivalingappa B. 
Published: July 2021

Context:
The war against coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) continuing. Prevention is the best method to deal with the disease. The success of preventive measures is influenced by behavior of the population which in turn depends on knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of the community.

Aims:
The aim is to evaluate knowledge, attitude, and practices toward COVID-19 of general population who are using internet.

Settings and Design:
Cross-sectional study in general population using Google Forms.

Methods:
The KAP questionnaire previously used in Chinese study adopted here after modifying for content and cultural appropriateness. The questionnaire included the following domains: (i) demographic information, (ii) knowledge about COVID-19, (iii) attitude toward COVID-19, and (iv) preventive practices. The questionnaire was circulated through social media to general population through Google forms.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Chi-square test for association, independent t-test for comparison of two groups, one-way ANOVA for comparison of more than two groups. The statistical significance was set at 5%.

Results:
A total of 2193 participants took part in the study. Most of our participants were well educated and were either postgraduates or graduates 1913 (87.23%). The mean knowledge score of the participants was 10.36 (standard deviation: 1.27, median: 11.00). Most of the participants avoided crowded places, washed hands repeatedly, did not shake hands with any one. Majority of the participants were not taking any prophylaxis medications.

Conclusions:
The population has very good KAP about the disease which is helpful for preventive measures. This may be the reason for better control of the disease till now.
Diferenças de expectativas em auditoria no Brasil
Authors: Pereira Fernando Rocha , Takamatsu Renata Turola , Pinheiro Laura Edith Taboada 
Published: July 2021

O trabalho examinou a situação das diferenças de expectativas de auditoria após a revisão das normas internacionais, que culminaram na aplicação do formato atualizado do Relatório dos Auditores no Brasil, no ano de 2017. Questionários aplicados resultaram em 185 respostas válidas para análises. O nível de exigência dos usuários da contabilidade em relação aos deveres dos auditores, captado pela proxy Índice de Expectativa (IE), foi calculado com base na metodologia desenvolvida por Porter (1993) e adaptado por Litjens, Buuren & Vergoossen (2015), que abrange: i) gap de razoabilidade, (ii) gap de desempenho dos auditores e (iii) gap de padrões. O teste de Mann-Whitney revelou a perpetuação de evidências empíricas acerca das diferenças de expectativas documentadas nas últimas décadas. Assim, demonstrou-se que, mesmo analisando a percepção de auditores e usuários após a alteração da norma, que trouxe melhorias significativas ao relatório, diferenças de expectativas ainda podem ser detectadas. Testes adicionais indicaram que não foram encontradas diferenças significativas do índice de expectativas entre gêneros e diferentes níveis de utilização do relatório de auditoria.
KHẢO SÁT VÀ ĐÁNH GIÁ VIỆC SỬ DỤNG KHÁNG SINH VANCOMYCIN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA ĐỒNG NAI
Authors: Thị Thúy Hà Đinh 
Published: July 2021

Kháng vancomycin đã làm dấy lên mối lo ngại về triển vọng hiệu quả trong điều trị bệnh nhân nhiễm khuẩn Gram dương. Nghiên cứu được thực hiện tại bệnh viện đa khoa Đồng Nai từ tháng 3/2019 đến tháng 6/2019. Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu hồi cứu để đánh giá việc kê đơn và sử dụng vancomycin tại bệnh viện. Kết quả được xác định và biểu thị bằng các liệu trình vancomycin trên 98 bệnh nhân nhập viện. Thông tin về bệnh nhân được thu thập bao gồm: nhân khẩu học, căn nguyên và vị trí của nhiễm trùng, dữ liệu vi sinh, chế độ liều lượng, cách dùng và thời gian điều trị, độc tính trên thận của vancomycin. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình và thời gian điều trị vancomycin lần lượt là 56 tuổi và 9 ngày. Nhiễm trùng da mô mêm (44%) là nguyên nhân phổ biến nhất. Can thiệp y tế chủ yếu là thở máy (28,6%). Số lượng bệnh nhân có kết quả khỏi, đỡ, giảm chiếm tỉ lệ cao (66,3%). Chế độ liều nạp được áp dụng ở 13,3 % bệnh nhân với liều nạp theo cân nặng 25,6mg/kg. Đa số bệnh nhân trong mẫu nghiên cứu dùng chế độ liều ban đầu 1g/12 giờ (78,6%) khi chức năng thận bình thường. 100% bênh nhân được sử dụng đường truyền tĩnh mạch ngắt quảng, 96,9% trường hợp có dung môi pha truyền hợp lý, 100% phù hợp về thời gian truyền và 63,2% phù hợp về nồng độ truyền. 7 bệnh nhân có sự thay đổi creatinine huyết thanh (tăng >50% so với giá trị ban đầu), đều xuất hiện ít nhất sau 7 ngày, muộn nhất sau 14 ngày sử dụng vancomycin. Kết luận: Cần có các chương trình toàn diện để cải thiện việc sử dụng vancomycin trong các bệnh viện. Việc sử dụng Vancomycin nên được theo dõi để tối ưu hóa việc sử dụng thuốc.
KẾT QUẢ PHẪU THUẬT NỘI SOI ĐIỀU TRỊ CHỬA NGOÀI TỬ CUNG TẠI KHOA SẢN BỆNH VIỆN TRUNG ƯƠNG THÁI NGUYÊN NĂM 2020
Authors: Thị Hồng Lê Nông , Thị Nga Nguyễn , Thị Giang Nguyễn , Đức Thọ Lê 
Published: July 2021

Mở đầu: Nhằm đánh giá kết quả điều trị phẫu thuật nội soi ở những bệnh nhân chửa ngoài tử cung. Chúng tôi tiến hành nghiên cứu đề tài: “Kết quả phẫu thuật nội soi điều trị chửa ngoài tử cung tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Thái Nguyên năm 2020” Phương pháp: Mô tả cắt ngang 94 bệnh nhân bị thai ngoài tử cung được phẫu thuật nội soi tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Thái Nguyên từ tháng 01/03/2020 đến 31/12/2020. Chúng tôi ghi nhận triệu chứng, tỷ lệ thành công lượng máu mất, thời gian phẫu thuật và biến chứng sau mổ. Kết quả: tuổi trung bình là 27,64±8,26 (17 - 42), tiền sử thai ngoài tử cung 9,57%, tiền sử đặt dụng dụng cụ tử cung 23,40%, tiền sử viêm sinh dục 58,51%, tiền sử hút thai ≥ 2 lần 36,17%. Tỷ lệ phẫu thuật nội soi thành công 100%, phẫu thuật cắt vòi tử cung chiếm 96,4%. Không có biến chứng nặng nề sau mổ.
BATALLAS FÍLMICAS POR LOS DERECHOS DE LA MUJER
Authors: CHÁVEZ HUANCA EDDY 
Published: July 2021

La vigencia de nuestros derechos relata la presencia de los principios universales de la humanidad, aquellos proclamados en revoluciones y sendas reformas que buscaban decir basta al status quo donde el derecho solo reflejaba un sostén perverso para apuntalar a los grupos de poder.
ABSTRACT
The validity of our rights relates the presence of the universal principles of humanity, those proclaimed in revolutions and reforms that sought to say enough to the status quo where the law only reflected a perverse support to prop up the power groups.
A new perspective and explanation for the formation of plasmaspheric shoulder structures
Authors: Zhang Hua , Peng Guangshuai , Shen Chao , Wu Yewen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Over the hours of 05:00–09:00 UT on 8 June 2001, the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) instrument on board the IMAGE satellite observed a shoulder-like
formation in the morning sector and a post-noon plume-like structure. The plasmapause formation is simulated using the test particle model (TPM),
based on a drift motion theory, which reproduces various plasmapause structures and evolution of the shoulder feature. The analysis indicates that
the shoulder is created by sharp reduction and spatial non-uniformity in the dawn–dusk convection electric field intensity. The TPM-modeled event is
found to develop an initial pre-dawn asymmetric bulge that becomes a shoulder as a result of increased “corotation” rate with an increasing L-shell
that is preceded by localized outward convection. The shoulder structure rotates sunward and develops into a single- or double-plume structure during
an active time period in simulation.
The NICE OECD countries’ geographic search filters: Part 1—methodology for developing the draft MEDLINE and Embase (Ovid) filters
Authors: Ayiku Lynda , Levay Paul , Hudson Thomas 
Published: July 2021

Objective: There are no existing validated search filters for the group of 37 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. This study describes how information specialists from the United Kingdom’s National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) developed and evaluated novel OECD countries’ geographic search filters for MEDLINE and Embase (Ovid) to improve literature search effectiveness for evidence about OECD countries.Methods: We created the draft filters using an alternative approach to standard filter construction. They are composed entirely of geographic subject headings and are designed to retain OECD country evidence by excluding non-OECD country evidence using the NOT Boolean operator. To evaluate the draft filters’ effectiveness, we used MEDLINE and Embase literature searches for three NICE guidelines that retrieved >5,000 search results. A 10% sample of the excluded references was screened to check that OECD country evidence was not inadvertently excluded.Results: The draft MEDLINE filter reduced results for each NICE guideline by 9.5% to 12.9%. In Embase, search results were reduced by 10.7% to 14%. Of the sample references, 7 of 910 (0.8%) were excluded inadvertently. These references were from a guideline about looked-after minors that concerns both OECD and non-OECD countries.Conclusion: The draft filters look promising—they reduced search result volumes while retaining most OECD country evidence from MEDLINE and Embase. However, we advise caution when using them in topics about both non-OECD and OECD countries. We have created final versions of the search filters and will validate them in a future study.
Indicadores de Transición Ecosocial desde una perspectiva ecofeminista. Castilla-La Mancha como estudio de caso.
Authors: Peralta García Lidia , Chaparro Escudero Manuel , Espinar Medina Lara 
Published: July 2021

Introducción. Las transiciones ecosociales, es decir aquellas que plantean modelos relacionales y de consumo circulares, solidarios, ecológicos, equitativos, feministas y en armonía con la naturaleza, entre otros atributos, son un sector en auge. Objetivos. Este estudio propone, desde la perspectiva del ecofeminismo, medir el funcionamiento interno de 55 proyectos de transición eco-social en la provincia de Castilla-La Mancha. Metodología. Para ello se realizó un censo con un total de 156 iniciativas, una muestra representativa del sector, del que recibimos respuesta por parte de 55, el equivalente a un 35,2% de la muestra. Como eje central metodológico se aplicó el Indicador de Transición Ecosocial (ITE), un valor de referencia elaborado a través de la cumplimentación de un cuestionario con preguntas cerradas que nos permite establecer rankings a través de ponderaciones validadas en las respuestas. La metodología se complementa con entrevistas semiestructuradas, de orden cualitativo, a un total de 16 fundadoras, directoras, socias o participantes en proyectos de ecotransición en Castilla-La Mancha. Nuestras preguntas de investigación son las siguientes: ¿existen mecanismos en la entidad que permiten a las mujeres conciliar el trabajo con otras necesidades? ¿La diversidad de géneros está presente en todos los ámbitos de poder o en la toma de decisiones? ¿En el seno de la entidad existe un reparto equitativo de las tareas? ¿En qué términos prácticos se aplica el ecofeminismo?. Resultados. Los resultados son positivos en cuanto a la presencia de mecanismos de conciliación, diversidad de géneros y reparto equitativo de tareas. Sin embargo, el estudio muestra que mientras algunas mujeres mujeres practican la economía basada en los principios ecofeministas con conocimiento de causa, otras muchas no tienen consciencia de estar haciéndolo, por desconocimiento o por errónea aproximación al concepto. Conclusiones y discusión. Es necesario expandir el concepto más allá de los círculos académicos, allá donde se está practicando
Sub-Saharan women trafficked for sexual exploitation: A transdisciplinary approach from the paradigm of resilience
Authors: García Navarro María del Mar , García Navarro Carmen 
Published: July 2021

Introduction. Human trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation is a growing social problem in today’s democratic societies, affecting mainly girls and women (Eurostat, 2018). It is also a crime (Palermo protocol [UN, 2000]), a violation of human rights, and a manifestation of gender-based violence (UN’s Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women [UN, 1993]), and a type of slavery (Correa, 2011) against the most impoverished women. Purpose. In this article, we focus on the sub-Saharan trafficked women who come to southern Europe via the human trafficking routes that cross northern Africa going through places such as Lagos, Tinzaouaten (Mali), Tamanrrasset (Argelia), the Sahara Desert, and different Moroccan cities, before reaching Europe over the Southern Spanish coastline. Ew show the resources used by these women when going through the said contexts of exploitation and forced prostitution. Methodology. Our research reviews the existing literature taking resilience as a pivotal point that is present in various areas of knowledge, including psychology and literature, among others. It allows us to show a change of perspective in this matter, by making these women visible in terms of their capacities. Results. We show examples, from different fields of knowledge and disciplines, of women who, having lived in these contexts, have carried out processes of fortitude, recovery, and personal growth. A new glimpse of this phenomenon and of these processes is studied, from a scarcely researched perspective to this day. Contribution. The originality of this analysis contributes a new understanding of the capacity of resilience of this population, despite the adverse conditions of their migratory experience
Comparative analysis of long-term treatment outcomes in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer
Authors: Galina G. V. , Karnaukh Р. A. , Timokhina D. M. , Kyprianov E. A. 
Published: July 2021

Introduction. The aim of the study was to compare the survival rates of patients with prostate cancer (PC) with lymphogenic metastases (N1) after surgical treatment and after conformal distant radiation therapy followed by adjuvant hormone therapy with analogues of luteinizing-releasing hormone (LHRH).Materials and methods. The patients were divided into two groups. The first group included 36 patients with prostate cancer after posadilonic prostatectomy with extended pelvic lymphadenectomy followed by continuous adjuvant hormone therapy (analogs of LGRH) for up to two to three years. Lymphogenic metastases were detected after histological examination of the operative material. The second group consisted of 42 patients after neoadjuvant hormone therapy for 6 months (LGRH analogues), a course of distant radiation therapy (DLT) in the traditional mode with a single focal dose (ROD) of 2 Gray (Gy), a total focal dose (SOD) of 72 Gy, followed by adjuvant hormone therapy in a continuous mode (analogs of LGRH) for up to two to three years.Results. The duration of follow-up was 60 months, with a median of 38 months. The one-year survival rate after surgery was 86.1%, in the group after DLT — 81.2%, the three-year survival rate in group 1 — 80.1%, in group 2 — 76.3%, the five-year survival rates — 72.3% and 69.1% respectively. The one-year cancer-specific survival rate in group 1 was 96.7%, the three-year survival rate was 83.4%, and the five-year survival rate was 52.8%. In the second group, the oneyear survival rate was 91.9%, the three-year survival rate was 74.1%, and the five-year survival rate was 51.4%. Conclusion. For the treatment of prostate cancer patients with lymphogenic metastases, prostatectomy with extended pelvic lymphadenectomy can be considered as a treatment option not only in clinical trials. The results of cancer-specific and relapse-free survival show the effectiveness of this treatment option
Peptidyl аrginine deiminаse type 4 in tumor tissue аnd blood of pаtients with different subtypes of breаst cаncer
Authors: Tereshin О. S. , Isаyevа О. I. , Nikushkinа К. V. 
Published: July 2021

Introduction. Level of peptidyl аrginine deiminаse type 4 (PАD-4) is found to be increased in breast cancer patients with controversial views on its role and no data on distribution between subtypes of the disease. Materials and methods. PAD-4 level wаs determined in 98 serum аnd 66 tissue sаmples of women with primаry breаst cаncer. They were divided in 5 subgroups bаsed on stаndаrd immunohistochemistry dаtа: group 1 — luminаl А cаncer, 2 — luminаl B Her-2 neg аtive, 3 — luminаl B Her-2 positive, 4 — non-luminаl Her-2 positive, 5 — triple negаtive cаncer. Blood sаmples were tаken before initiаtion of treаtment аnd in 41 cаses аgаin 15-24 dаys аfter definitive surgery. Control sаmples were tаken from 20 heаlthy women. PАD-4 level wаs determined by PCR with Humаn PАD-4 ELISА Kit аnd for tissue by IHC with rаbbit polyclonаl аnti PАDI4/PАD-4 аntibodies. Results. Mediаn P АD-4 blood level before treаtment w аs 9,0 ng/ml, with the sаme level аfter surgery. Mediаn P АD-4 level for heаlthy women wаs 1,5 ng/ml which is significаntly different from cаncer group. Median P АD-4 levels for breаst cаncer subgroups were: group 1 — 11,05 ng/ml., group 2 — 11,9., group 3 — 10,8., group 4 — 7,99 аnd in group 5 — 9,9 ng/ml. Expression of P АD-4 in tumor wаs detected in 70% of sаmpes. Expression in points from 0 to 3, meаn vаlue by groups: group 1 — 1,03, group 2 — 0,83, group 3 — 1,25, group 4 — 1,8, group 5 — 2.Conclusion. PАD-4 blood level was higher in groups of more fаvorаble luminаl cаncer. Expression of PАD-4 in tumor tissue wаs higher in more аggressive Her-2 positive breаst cаncer. Further reseаrch in needed for stаtisticаlly vаlidаted conclusions.
Breast cancer associated with pregnancy
Authors: Zakharova N. V. , Tereshin О. S. , Bulinsky D. N. , Udovichenko I. V. , Samylov V. V. , Vazhenina I. I. , Korostelev A. М. , Shmidt A. V. , Okhitina E. О. , Borovinskih M. I. 
Published: July 2021

Introduction. The problem of breast cancer associated with pregnancy for a long time attracts close attention. The incidence is relatively increasing, thanks in part to improved detection methods, but also to the growing trend towards late childbearing.Material and methods. The features of breast cancer treatment during pregnancy were studied, and the effect of pregnancy on the long-term prognosis and clinical course of breast cancer was evaluated.Results. All patients received treatment according to the clinical recommendations. Chemotherapeutic treatment was performed in 44 (77%) patients, surgical treatment in 54 (96%) cases, radiation therapy in 40(72%) patients, and hormone therapy in 24 (42%) women. Among the newborns, there were no significant malformations, one child (a girl) had an underdevelopment of the left lung tissue, and laterphysical development in accordance with age.Conclusion. The decision on the special treatment of breast cancer associated with pregnancy is made individually, the treatment has been planned together with obstetricians and gynecologists. Surgical and chemotherapeutic treatment (starting at 13 weeks) can be performed during pregnancy. Radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and targeted therapy should be postponed until delivery. Most patients have common forms of the disease and aggressive biological types of tumors. Currently, the features of the course of the disease, the prognosis, and the features of treatment in this category of patients are being studied.