bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automation of QIIME2 Metagenomic Analysis Platform
Authors: Fung Calvin , Rusling Mathew , Lampeter Thomas , Love Charles , Karim Anisha , Bongiorno Christian , Yuan Li‐Lian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractQIIME is a widely used, open‐source microbiome analysis software package that converts raw sequence data into interpretable visualizations and statistical results. QIIME2 has recently succeeded QIIME1, becoming the most updated platform. The protocols in this article describe our effort in automating core functions of QIIME2, using datasets available at docs.qiime2.org. While these specific examples are microbial 16S rRNA gene sequences, our automation can be easily applied to other types of QIIME2 analysis. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Preparing files and foldersSupport Protocol 1: Preparing your data for QAPSupport Protocol 2: Understanding automated optionsBasic Protocol 2: Importing into QIIMEBasic Protocol 3: DADA2: Filtering, trimming, merging pairsBasic Protocol 4: Performing core metricsBasic Protocol 5: Sample filtering by metadataBasic Protocol 6: Alpha diversity metricsBasic Protocol 7: Cross‐sectional beta diversityBasic Protocol 8: Longitudinal feature volatilityBasic Protocol 9: Sample classification
Conflicts over intimacy within mature, happy marriages reliance and reliability in intimate relationships: An interpretive phenomenological analysis
Authors: Gerschwer Scott 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study employed interpretive phenomenological analysis to examine the lived experience of 10 middle‐aged, married couples in mature relationships who self‐identified as “happily married” as to how they manage marital conflict over closeness‐distance issues. The researcher was particularly interested in dyadic communication and meta‐communication that occurred before, during and after conflict. Open‐ended questions were used to prompt stories about times when an issue of closeness and distance created conflict in the relationship. The researcher recorded and transcribed the calls and conducted a close analysis of the stories told by the subjects. During the analysis phase, a number of themes emerged. The current article examines two salient themes: a) that a “turning point,” defined as significant crisis or event in life, contributes to the level of intimacy within the dyad; and b) this turning point led the couples to understand that they could rely solely on one another in a time of crisis, thereby increasing the level of intimacy within the relationship. Although the turning point stories were all unpleasant experiences, in every case they served to bring the couple closer together. Further research is needed, but the idea holds some promise as a factor of success/failure of marriages. The present article focuses on the evolution of mutual reliance as a relational value and perhaps as a dimension of intimacy.
Media coverage, corporate social irresponsibility conduct, and financial analysts' performance
Authors: Berkan Acar , Leonardo Becchetti , Stefano Manfredonia 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe examine how financial analysts respond to public information about corporate social irresponsibility (CSI) conduct. Exploiting a novel dataset on environmental, social, and governance reputational risk rating based on media coverage and analyzing a sample of 667 public corporations over an 11‐year period, we find that analysts' optimistic bias tends to grow in proportion to media coverage of CSI conduct. To deal with the endogeneity issue, we propose as instrumental variable, namely, the Euclidean distance from the Canadian border. The results are robust to the use of different measures of the independent and dependent variables as well as an alternative instrumental variable approach. We also show that over‐optimistic bias is larger when information asymmetries are stronger. Our findings are in line with the rational over‐optimistic behavior hypothesis and have important implications for market efficiency.
Feasibility of conducting a randomized controlled trial comparing family‐based treatment via videoconferencing and online guided self‐help family‐based treatment for adolescent anorexia nervosa
Authors: Lock James , Couturier Jennifer , Matheson Brittany E. , Datta Nandini , Citron Kyra , Sami Sadaf , Welch Hannah , Webb Cheryl , Doxtdator Kyrsten , John‐Carson Natalie 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis report describes the feasibility, acceptability, and outcomes from a pilot randomized clinical trial (RCT) comparing an online guided self‐help program version of family‐based treatment (GSH‐FBT) for parents with a child with DSM‐5 anorexia nervosa (AN) to FBT delivered via videoconferencing (FBT‐V).MethodBetween August 2019 and October 2020, 40 adolescents ages 12–18 years with DSM‐5 AN and their families were recruited at two sites and randomized to either twelve 20‐min guided sessions of GSH‐FBT for parents or fifteen 60‐min sessions of FBT‐V for the entire family. Recruitment, retention, and acceptability of treatment were the primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes were changes in weight, eating disorder examination (EDE), parental self‐efficacy, weight remission, full remission, and outcome efficiency (therapist time needed to achieve treatment outcomes).ResultsDescriptive data are reported. Recruitment and retention rates are similar to RCTs using in‐person treatments. Both treatments received similar acceptability rates. Medium and large effect sizes (ES) related to improvements in weight, EDE, parental self‐efficacy, and remission were achieved in both treatments and were maintained at a 3‐month follow‐up. Clinical outcomes between groups were associated with a small ES. Differences in efficiency (outcome/therapist time) were associated with a large ES difference favoring GSH‐FBT.DiscussionThese data support the feasibility of conducting an adequately powered RCT comparing online GSH‐FBT to FBT‐V to determine which approach is more efficient in achieving improvements in clinical outcomes in adolescents with AN.
Symbiotic microbial studies in diverse populations of Aphis gossypii, existing on altered host plants in different localities during different times
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Su Honghua , Jiang Weili , Hu Daowu , Ali Intazar , Jin Tianxing , Yang Yizhong , Ma Xiaoyan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractComplex interactions between symbiotic bacteria and insects ultimately result in equilibrium in all aspects of life in natural insect populations. In this study, abundance of principal symbiotic bacteria was estimated using qPCR in 1553 individuals of aphids, Aphis gossypii. Aphids were sampled from primary and secondary host plants—hibiscus and cotton. Hibiscus aphids were collected from 24 different locations in April, September, and November, whereas cotton aphids were collected between 2015 and 2017 from areas with wide variations in climatic conditions. About 30%–45% aphids were recorded with the most dominant symbiont, Arsenophonus. The other symbionts were in low frequency, and about 7% of aphids were noted with Hamiltonella, Acinetobacter, and Microbacterium, and 3% of aphids were verified with Serratia and Pseudomonas. Aphids infected with Hamiltonella, Arsenophonus, and Serratia can influence Buchnera densities. Hamiltonella has positive interaction with densities of Arsenophonus and Serratia. Almost 100% coinfection of Hamiltonella and Arsenophonus was detected in Xinxiang aphids and 50% coinfection was reported in aphids from North China, while no coinfection was detected in Hainan aphids. These findings describe the prevalence pattern and richness of core community of symbiotic bacteria in naturally occurring populations of A. gossypii and provide new insights for the study of symbiotic bacteria.
Phylogenetic significance of the characteristics of simple sequence repeats at the genus level based on the complete chloroplast genome sequences of Cyatheaceae
Authors: Zhu Ming , Feng Peipei , Ping Jingyao , Li Jinye , Su YingJuan , Wang Ting 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe simple sequence repeats (SSRs) of plant chloroplasts show considerable genetic variation and have been widely used in species identification and phylogenetic relationship determination. Whether chloroplast genome SSRs can be used to classify Cyatheaceae species has not yet been studied. Therefore, the chloroplast genomes of eight Cyatheaceae species were sequenced, and their SSR characteristics were compared and statistically analyzed. The results showed that the chloroplast genome structure was highly conserved (genome size: 154,046–166,151 bp), and the gene content (117 genes) and gene order were highly consistent. The distribution characteristics of SSRs (number, relative abundance, relative density, GC content) showed taxon specificity. The primary results were the total numbers of SSRs and mononucleotides: Gymnosphaera (61–67 and 40–47, respectively), Alsophila (121–122 and 95–96), and Sphaeropteris (102–103 and 77–80). Statistical and clustering analyses of SSR characteristics showed that their distribution was consistent with the recent classification of Cyatheaceae, which divided the eight Cyatheaceae species into three genera. This study indicates that the distribution characteristics of Cyatheaceae chloroplast SSRs can provide useful phylogenic information at the genus level.
Lake sturgeon seasonal movements in regulated and unregulated Missouri River tributaries
Authors: Moore Michael J. , Paukert Craig P. , Brooke Brandon L. , Moore Travis L. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSpatio‐temporal movement patterns of aquatic organisms drive many ecological processes. However, dams block migrations and alter the hydrologic and thermal regimes influencing movement behaviour of freshwater fishes. In North America, many recovering southern Lake Sturgeon populations occur in rivers with hydroelectric dams, but few studies have examined the impact of hydrologic alteration on their seasonal movements. We conducted a 3‐year telemetry study of 96 adult and subadult Lake Sturgeon to compare their migratory responses to temperature and hydrology in adjacent regulated and unregulated tributaries of the Missouri River. Many other populations of Lake Sturgeon use tributaries primarily for spring spawning; however, in our study, Lake Sturgeon used Missouri River tributaries during 78% of the year. Differences in river size, hydrologic and thermal regimes in the regulated Osage River may have contributed to the greater year‐round residency, later initiation, more frequent directional changes and longer duration of spring migrations compared to the unregulated Gasconade River. Lake Sturgeon made spring upstream migrations at temperatures of 13–19°C and elevated discharges in both rivers. However, Osage River migrants responded less to changes in discharge or temperature during spring migrations, especially those that overwintered at upstream locations. Fall tributary migrations occurred in the Osage River at rising or high discharges but were uncommon in the Gasconade River. Our identification of the influences of abiotic variables on the timing, duration and extent of Lake Sturgeon seasonal migrations can help guide management of habitat and hydrology in regulated rivers to recover migratory fishes globally.
Room Temperature Synthesis of [Pd(cyclam)]5{H3Nb6O19}2 ⋅ 26H2O: a Suitable Precursor for the in‐situ Generation of a Highly Active Catalyst for Light‐Driven Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Müscher‐Polzin Philipp , Poschmann Michael , Näther Christian , Bensch Wolfgang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe first Pd2+ containing polyoxoniobate [Pd(cyclam)]5{H3Nb6O19}2 ⋅ 26H2O (I) was prepared at room temperature. In the structure, two hexaniobate clusters are surrounded by a bi‐capped cube formed by Pd2+ centered complexes. This motif is arranged in a layer‐like fashion with crystal water molecules located between cations and anions. Temperature resolved in‐situ X‐ray diffraction experiments demonstrate that successive removal of the crystal water molecules leads to formation of several crystalline intermediate phases. Water sorption investigations show that thermally removed H2O can be successfully reintegrated proceeding via two distinct steps. The catalytic performance for the light‐driven hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) was investigated in a sacrificial system and fluorescein Na+ salt as sensitizer yielding a high value of 90 μmol/h H2. Surprisingly, a composite Pd@Na7[HNb6O19] ⋅ 15H2O is in‐situ formed during the catalytic reaction by cation exchange with simultaneous reduction of Pd2+ nanoparticles decorating the hexaniobate support. The recovered catalyst was even more active producing 157 μmol/h H2 with an apparent quantum efficiency of 1.85 %. Photocatalytic experiments performed with ex‐situ generated Pd nanoparticles deposited on Na7[HNb6O19] ⋅ 15H2O show much lower activities indicating a synergistic effect of the in‐situ generated Pd@Na7[HNb6O19] ⋅ 15H2O catalyst.
Oxidation of Dithia Compounds: Comparative Experimental and Theoretical Studies on 1,3‐Bis(methylthio)propane, Bis(methylthio)methane, and meso‐4,6‐Dimethyl‐1,3‐dithiane
Authors: Vallejos González Victorino , Podlech Joachim 
Published: September 2021

Abstract1,3‐Bis(methylthio)propane, bis(methylthio)methane, and meso‐4,6‐dimethyl‐1,3‐dithiane were oxidized with 1–4 equivalents of hydrogen peroxide, meta‐chloroperbenzoic acid, sodium periodate, or potassium permanganate, respectively, and the amounts of oxidized substrates (sulfoxides and/or sulfones) were determined by NMR spectroscopy. Sulfanyl groups in the former starting material turned out to behave like independent functions, while a mutual influence of the sulfur functions was verified in the latter compounds. A meaningful investigation was possible in the conformationally constrained dithiane derivative. Oxidation of the dithiane with stoichiometric amounts of periodate led to exclusive formation of bissulfoxides, while hydrogen peroxide and meta‐chloroperbenzoic acid yielded the possible products less specifically and permanganate preferentially furnished sulfones. The experimental investigations were supported by calculations on energies and stereoelectronic effects of starting materials, products, and transition states. The unique property of permanganate to exclusively yield sulfones might be due to its special oxidation mechanism, where the sulfur is not only acting as nucleophile, but concomitantly as electrophilic moiety.
Essential oil from the leaves of Elsholtzia communis (Collett & Hemsl.) Diels from North East India: Studies on chemical profiling, antimicrobial, cytotoxic and ACE inhibitory activities
Authors: Nath Shyamalendu , Tamuli Kashyap J. , Saikia Snigdha , Narzary Bardwi , Gogoi Barnali , Bordoloi Manobjyoti , Neipihoi   , Dutta Deepjyoti , Sahoo Ranjan K. , Das Aparoop , Barua Iswar C. , Baruah Chandana C. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractElsholtzia communis (Collett & Hemsl.) Diels (family: Lamiaceae) is a wild edible plant employed as a remedy for skin irritation and consumed as vegetables by the indigenous tribes of North East, India. In view of its traditional uses, our present study aims to characterize the chemical constituents of the essential oil isolated from the leaf of E communis and evaluate its antimicrobial, cytotoxic, antioxidant and angiotensin‐I‐converting enzyme inhibiting properties. GC‐FID and GC‐MS analyses of the essential oil led to the identification of fifty‐one compounds with a yield of 0.88% (v/w). 71.72% of compounds are identified under the category of oxygenated monoterpenes, where neral (28.85%) and geranial (24.1%) were the most prevalent compounds. Ethyl geranate (4.82%), methyl nerate (4.71%), piperitone (4.07%) and caryophyllene oxide (3.75%) were other major constituents of the oil. The oil displayed excellent antifungal properties against C albicans with MIC value of 7.5 ± 0.13 µg/mL, comparable with that of fluconazole (7.5 ± 0.25 µg/mL). Cytotoxic assay of the essential oil disclosed significant results with IC50 value of 8.09 ± 2.67 µg/mL and 26.13 ± 0.90 µg/mL against HeLa and L6 cell lines, respectively. DPPH scavenging capability was assessed using ascorbic acid (1.57 ± 0.001 µg/mL) as reference. The result explicates promising antioxidant behaviour of the oil (21.92 ± 0.074 µg/mL). The oil (23.82 ± 0.078 µg/mL) was also found to possess potential ACE inhibitory effects, with ramipril (9.35 ± 0.02 µg/mL) serving as standard. The diverse pharmacological properties of the essential oil truly justify its traditional uses.
Goal attainment scaling for patients with low back pain in rehabilitation: A systematic review
Authors: Haladay Douglas , Swisher Laura , Hardwick Dustin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackground and aimsGoal attainment scaling (GAS) has been widely applied to chronic conditions; however, only recently has it been used for patients with low back pain (LBP). The objectives of this systematic review were to (a) examine the characteristics and rigor of published studies of GAS in the rehabilitation of patients with LBP, (b) describe how GAS has been applied in patients with LBP, and (c) evaluate the responsiveness and validity of GAS as an outcome measure in patients with LBP.MethodsA systematic search of the CINAHL, PubMed, and MEDLINE databases was performed (1968 and 1 September 2020) in addition to hand searching. Studies including GAS procedures in patients with LBP during rehabilitation were included in the review. Two authors independently selected studies for inclusion and determined levels of evidence using the Oxford Levels of Evidence and rated each study for quality using the Newcastle‐Ottawa scale and reporting transparency using the STROBE statement checklist.ResultsSix Level IV and one Level III/IV study were included in this review (search produced 248 studies for review). These studies assessed GAS feasibility, validity, sensitivity, and association with other outcome measures in patients with LBP. Findings suggest that patients with LBP are able to identify and set individualized goals during GAS, while GAS may be more sensitive to change and may measure different aspects of the patient experience as compared with fixed‐item patient‐reported measures. Additionally, GAS may have a therapeutic effect while improving patient outcomes and may be associated with patient satisfaction.ConclusionBased on this review, GAS shows promise as a feasible patient‐centered measure that may be more responsive to change than traditional outcome measures. However, GAS has been inadequately developed and validated for use during rehabilitation in patients with LBP.
Functional Molecular Crystals in Biology
Authors: Wagner Avital , Wen Qiang , Pinsk Noam , Palmer Benjamin A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHighly reflective crystals of small organic molecules are the functional materials in a wide variety of optical systems in animals. We present a perspective on this field of organic biomineralization and review evidence for the widespread distribution of organic crystals in animals. These materials were, until recently, largely overlooked principally because the crystals are lost during conventional electron microscopy preparation procedures. We document the discovery of the crystalline pteridines as a new class of biological crystals and explain why many more organic biocrystals will likely be discovered and where they may be found. We examine the chemical basis for the extraordinary optical properties of the crystals and review some of their newly discovered biological functions. The study of biogenic molecular crystals promises to yield fascinating insights into photonic systems in animals and will inspire the development of artificial optical materials.
Mechanoluminescent hybrids from a natural resource for energy‐related applications
Authors: Wang Chunfeng , Ma Ronghua , Peng Dengfeng , Liu Xianhu , Li Jing , Jin Boru , Shan Aixian , Fu Yu , Dong Lin , Gao Wenchao , Wang Zhong Lin , Pan Caofeng 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMechanoluminescent (ML) materials that directly convert mechanical energy into photon emission have emerged as promising candidates for various applications. Despite the recent advances in the development of both novel and conventional ML materials, the limited access to ML materials that simultaneously have the attributes of high brightness, low cost, self‐recovery, and stability, and the lack of appropriate designs for constructing ML devices represent significant challenges that remain to be addressed to boost the practical application of ML materials. Herein, ML hybrids derived from a natural source, waste eggshell, with the aforementioned attributes are demonstrated. The introduction of the eggshell not only enables the preparation of the hybrid in a simple and cost‐effective manner but also contributes to the homochromatism (red, green, or blue emission), high brightness, and robustness of the resultant ML hybrids. The significant properties of the ML hybrids, together with the proposed structural design, such as porosity or core–shell structure, could expedite a series of mechanic‐optical applications, including the self‐luminous shoes for the conversion of human motions into light and light generators that efficiently harvest water wave energy. The fascinating properties, versatile designs, and the efficient protocol of “turning waste into treasure” of the ML hybrids represent significant advances in ML materials, promising a leap to the practical applications of this flouring material family.image
Paddy ponding water management to reduce methane emission based on observations of methane fluxes and soil redox potential in the Red River Delta, Vietnam*
Authors: Matsuda Soken , Nakamura Kimihito , Hung Tran , Quang Le Xuan , Horino Haruhiko , Hai Pham Thanh , Ha Nguyen Dang , Hama Takehide 
Published: September 2021

AbstractReducing methane (CH4) emissions from paddy fields that contribute to the greenhouse effect has been addressed recently through the application of the alternate wetting and drying irrigation method. However, in poorly drained areas, such as the Red River Delta in Vietnam, the soil cannot be dried immediately, and so CH4 can continue to be produced unintentionally. Therefore, the purpose of this case study was to identify the optimal ponding water management schedule to reduce CH4 emissions by using the measured data of ponding depth, soil redox potential (Eh), and CH4 fluxes from field experiments and to show its effects on CH4 emission and water conservation. Observations in the winter–spring cropping season showed that the non‐flooding period of 3–8 days suppressed CH4 emission, and the continuous flooding period of 14–22 days caused CH4 re‐emission. Information regarding the non‐flooding period to be maintained and the flooding period to be avoided to suppress CH4 emission was not obtained for the summer–autumn cropping season due to abundant rainfall. The proposed schedule could suppress CH4 emission by 27%–85% and increase the amount of conserved water by up to 18% compared with traditional flooding protocols, but it may increase irrigation water due to the frequency and the amount of re‐flooding.