bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of survival in paediatric mitral valve replacement
Authors: Brancaccio Gianluca , Trezzi Matteo , Chinali Marcello , Vignaroli Walter , D’Anna Carolina , Iodice Francesca , Giorni Chiara , Iacobelli Roberta , Iorio Fiore , Galletti Lorenzo , Croci Ileana , Carotti Adriano 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to identify the predictors of death and of reintervention after mitral valve replacement (MVR) in children.

METHODS
A single-centre retrospective study was performed including 115 patients under the age of 18 undergoing MVR between 1982 and 2019. For all patients, the ratio of prosthetic valve size (diameter in mm) to weight (kg) at surgery was calculated and long-term result was assessed. The primary outcome was freedom from mitral valve (MV) re-replacement. The composite secondary outcome was freedom from death or transplant.

RESULTS
Fifty-four patients had a previous surgical attempt to MV repair. The median age at surgery was 5.5 years (interquartile range 1.21–9.87). Death/transplant-free survival was 77 ± 4% at 5 years and 72 ± 5% at 10 years. Univariate analysis showed a size/weight ratio higher than 2 and age &lt;2 years as significant risk factors for death or transplant. Freedom from MV re-replacement at 5 and 10 years was 90 ± 3% and 72 ± 6%, respectively. Biological prosthesis implanted at first replacement (P = 0.007) and size/weight ratio higher than 2 (P = 0.048) were predictors of reoperation. Significant upsizing (P &lt; 0.0001) of mitral prosthesis was observed at re-replacement.

CONCLUSIONS
MVR is a viable strategy in children with unrepairable MV disease. Mortality can be predicted based on size/weight ratio and age &lt;2 years. MV re-replacement can be performed with low morbidity and mortality and a larger-size prosthesis can often be placed at the time of redo.
Adult coronary artery bypass grafting by congenital surgeons—a propensity matched analysis
Authors: Rapetto Filippo , Bruno Vito D , Rajakaruna Cha , Bryan Alan J , Parry Andrew J , Caputo Massimo , Stoica Serban C 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Surgical myocardial revascularization will be increasingly needed in adult patients with congenital heart disease. We investigated the results of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) performed on adults by congenital cardiac surgeons at our institution.

METHODS
We conducted a retrospective, single-centre study. Adults undergoing isolated or combined CABG from 2004 to 2017 were included. Early and late outcomes were analyzed for the whole cohort. Furthermore, a propensity matched analysis was conducted comparing the results of isolated CABG between congenital and adult surgeons.

RESULTS
A total of 514 and 113 patients had isolated and combined CABG for acquired heart disease, respectively. A total of 33 patients had myocardial revascularization at the time of surgery for congenital heart disease. Overall early mortality was 1.2%, the rate of re-exploration for bleeding was 4.5%, and an internal mammary artery to left anterior descending artery graft was used in 85.6% patients. One-year survival was 97.5% (96.2–98.8%), and 5-year survival was 88.0% (84.8–91.3%). After propensity matching (468 pairs), early mortality (0.6% vs 1.2%, P = 0.51), re-exploration for bleeding (3.6% vs 3.0%, P = 0.72), use of internal mammary artery to left anterior descending artery graft (92.7% vs 91.9%, P = 0.70) and late survival did not differ between congenital surgeons and adult surgeons, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
Surgical myocardial revascularization can be required for adult congenital patients in a broad spectrum of clinical situations. Despite lower volumes, congenital cardiac surgeons perform CABG safely and with results that are comparable to those of the adult surgeons at our centre.
Utility of the CHA2DS2-VASc score for predicting ischaemic stroke in patients with or without atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Siddiqi Tariq Jamal , Usman Muhammad Shariq , Shahid Izza , Ahmed Jawad , Khan Safi U , Ya’qoub Lina , Rihal Charanjit S , Alkhouli Mohamad 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Aims
Anticoagulants are the mainstay treatment for stroke prevention in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF), and the CHA2DS2-VASc score is widely used to guide anticoagulation therapy in this cohort. However, utility of CHA2DS2-VASc in NVAF patients is debated, primarily because it is a vascular scoring system, which does not incorporate atrial fibrillation related parameters. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to estimate the discrimination ability of CHA2DS2-VASc in predicting ischaemic stroke overall, and in subgroups of patients with or without NVAF.

Methods and results
PubMed and Embase databases were searched till June 2020 for published articles that assessed the discrimination ability of CHA2DS2-VASc, as measured by C-statistics, during mid-term (2–5 years) and long-term (&gt;5 years) follow-up. Summary estimates were reported as random effects C-statistics with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Seventeen articles were included in the analysis. Nine studies (n = 453 747 patients) reported the discrimination ability of CHA2DS2-VASc in NVAF patients, and 10 studies (n = 138 262 patients) in patients without NVAF. During mid-term follow-up, CHA2DS2-VASc predicted stroke with modest discrimination in the overall cohort [0.67 (0.65–0.69)], with similar discrimination ability in patients with NVAF [0.65 (0.63–0.68)] and in those without NVAF [0.69 (0.68–0.71)] (P-interaction = 0.08). Similarly, at long-term follow-up, CHA2DS2-VASc had modest discrimination [0.66 (0.63–0.69)], which was consistent among patients with NVAF [0.63 (0.54–0.71)] and those without NVAF [0.67 (0.64–0.70)] (P-interaction = 0.39).

Conclusion
This meta-analysis suggests that the discrimination power of the CHA2DS2-VASc score in predicting ischaemic stroke is modest, and is similar in the presence or absence of NVAF. More accurate stroke prediction models are thus needed for the NVAF population.
Withdrawn as duplicate: Optimized Implementation of cardiac resynchronization therapy – a call for action for referral and optimization of care
Authors: Mullens Wilfried , Auricchio Angelo , Martens Pieter , Witte Klaus , Cowie Martin R , Delgado Victoria , Dickstein Kenneth , Linde Cecilia , Vernooy Kevin , Leyva Francisco , Bauersachs Johann , Israel Carsten W , Lund Lars , Donal Erwan , Boriani Giuseppe , Jaarsma Tiny , Berruezo Antonio , Traykov Vassil , Yousef Zaheer , Kalarus Zbigniew , Cosedis Nielsen Jens , Steffel Jan , Vardas Panos , Coats Andrew , Seferovic Petar , Edvardsen Thor , Heidbuchel Hein , Ruschitzka Frank , Leclercq Christophe 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This article has been withdrawn due to a publisher error that caused the article to be duplicated. The definitive version of this article is published under https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/euaa411.
Drosophila female reproductive tract gene expression reveals coordinated mating responses and rapidly evolving tissue-specific genes
Authors: McDonough-Goldstein Caitlin E , Borziak Kirill , Pitnick Scott , Dorus Steve 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Sexual reproduction in internally fertilizing species requires complex coordination between female and male reproductive systems and among the diverse tissues of the female reproductive tract (FRT). Here, we report a comprehensive, tissue-specific investigation of Drosophila melanogaster FRT gene expression before and after mating. We identified expression profiles that distinguished each tissue, including major differences between tissues with glandular or primarily nonglandular epithelium. All tissues were enriched for distinct sets of genes possessing secretion signals that exhibited accelerated evolution, as might be expected for genes participating in molecular interactions between the sexes within the FRT extracellular environment. Despite robust transcriptional differences between tissues, postmating responses were dominated by coordinated transient changes indicative of an integrated systems-level functional response. This comprehensive characterization of gene expression throughout the FRT identifies putative female contributions to postcopulatory events critical to reproduction and potentially reproductive isolation, as well as the putative targets of sexual selection and conflict.
biotoolsSchema: a formalized schema for bioinformatics software description
Authors: Ison Jon , Ienasescu Hans , Rydza Emil , Chmura Piotr , Rapacki Kristoffer , Gaignard Alban , Schwämmle Veit , van Helden Jacques , Kalaš Matúš , Ménager Hervé 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background
Life scientists routinely face massive and heterogeneous data analysis tasks and must find and access the most suitable databases or software in a jungle of web-accessible resources. The diversity of information used to describe life-scientific digital resources presents an obstacle to their utilization. Although several standardization efforts are emerging, no information schema has been sufficiently detailed to enable uniform semantic and syntactic description—and cataloguing—of bioinformatics resources.

Findings
Here we describe biotoolsSchema, a formalized information model that balances the needs of conciseness for rapid adoption against the provision of rich technical information and scientific context. biotoolsSchema results from a series of community-driven workshops and is deployed in the bio.tools registry, providing the scientific community with &gt;17,000 machine-readable and human-understandable descriptions of software and other digital life-science resources. We compare our approach to related initiatives and provide alignments to foster interoperability and reusability.

Conclusions
biotoolsSchema supports the formalized, rigorous, and consistent specification of the syntax and semantics of bioinformatics resources, and enables cataloguing efforts such as bio.tools that help scientists to find, comprehend, and compare resources. The use of biotoolsSchema in bio.tools promotes the FAIRness of research software, a key element of open and reproducible developments for data-intensive sciences.
Is the routine health information system ready to support the planned national health insurance scheme in South Africa?
Authors: Nicol Edward , Hanmer Lyn A , Mukumbang Ferdinand C , Basera Wisdom , Zitho Andiswa , Bradshaw Debbie 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Implementation of a National Health Insurance (NHI) in South Africa requires a reliable, standardized health information system that supports Diagnosis-Related Groupers for reimbursements and resource management. We assessed the quality of inpatient health records, the availability of standard discharge summaries and coded clinical data and the congruence between inpatient health records and discharge summaries in public-sector hospitals to support the NHI implementation in terms of reimbursement and resource management. We undertook a cross-sectional health-records review from 45 representative public hospitals consisting of seven tertiary, 10 regional and 28 district hospitals in 10 NHI pilot districts representing all nine provinces. Data were abstracted from a randomly selected sample of 5795 inpatient health records from the surgical, medical, obstetrics and gynaecology, paediatrics and psychiatry departments. Quality was assessed for 10 pre-defined data elements relevant to NHI reimbursements, by comparing information in source registers, patient folders and discharge summaries for patients admitted in March and July 2015. Cohen's/Fleiss’ kappa coefficients (κ) were used to measure agreements between the sources. While 3768 (65%) of the 5795 inpatient-level records contained a discharge summary, less than 835 (15%) of diagnoses were coded using ICD-10 codes. Despite most of the records having correct patient identifiers [κ: 0.92; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.91–0.93], significant inconsistencies were observed between the registers, patient folders and discharge summaries for some data elements: attending physician’s signature (κ: 0.71; 95% CI 0.67–0.75); results of the investigation (κ: 0.71; 95% CI 0.69–0.74); patient’s age (κ: 0.72; 95% CI 0.70–0.74); and discharge diagnosis (κ: 0.92; 95% CI 0.90–0.94). The strength of agreement for all elements was statistically significant (P-value ≤ 0.001). The absence of coded inpatient diagnoses and identified data inaccuracies indicates that existing routine health information systems in public-sector hospitals in the NHI pilot districts are not yet able to sufficiently support reimbursements and resource management. Institutional capacity is needed to undertake diagnostic coding, improve data quality and ensure that a standard discharge summary is completed for every inpatient.
Promoting healthy and sustainable diets: barriers and enablers for successful policy activities in Australia
Authors: Denniss Emily , Woods Julie , Lawrence Mark 
Published: January 2021

AbstractConsumption of healthy and sustainable diets (HSD) provides opportunities to co-benefit human health and adapt to and mitigate climate change. Despite robust evidence and policy recommendations from authoritative groups to reorientate the food system to favour consumption of HSD there has been limited policy action. This study investigated potential barriers and enablers for successful HSD policies in Australia. A review of HSD policy recommendations and of current Australian policies was undertaken. Results from the reviews informed a Delphi study, which investigated Australian stakeholder opinions on the effectiveness of HSD policy recommendations and barriers and enablers to creating successful HSD policies. Nine participants completed two Delphi iterations. A lack of consensus was reached on the effectiveness of policy recommendations. Consensus was reached on the effect of five barriers and three enablers. Key barriers were: the complex nature of the food system, competing interests of stakeholders, pressure from industry, government silos and lack of political will. Key enablers were: building relationships with key stakeholders across multiple disciplines and sectors, understanding the policy making process and developing a clear and coherent solution. Most of the identified barriers fall under the broad category of lack of political will. Interrelationships between barriers are likely worsening the impact of inadequate political will. There is a need to act on the identified barriers and enablers to secure the HSD policies that are required. Interactions between barriers may present an opportunity to address them simultaneously.
Sexual dimorphism in cancer: insights from transcriptional signatures in kidney tissue and renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Laskar Ruhina S , Li Peng , Ecsedi Szilvia , Abedi-Ardekani Behnoush , Durand Geoffroy , Robinot Nivonirina , Hubert Jean-Noël , Janout Vladimir , Zaridze David , Mukeria Anush , Mates Dana , Holcatova Ivana , Foretova Lenka , Swiatkowska Beata , Dzamic Zoran , Milosavljevic Sasa , Olaso Robert , Boland Anne , Deleuze Jean-François , Muller David C , McKay James D , Brennan Paul , Le Calvez-Kelm Florence , Scelo Ghislaine , Chanudet Estelle 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Sexual dimorphism in cancer incidence and outcome is widespread. Understanding the underlying mechanisms is fundamental to improve cancer prevention and clinical management. Sex disparities are particularly striking in kidney cancer: across diverse populations, men consistently show unexplained 2-fold increased incidence and worse prognosis.
We have characterized genome-wide expression and regulatory networks of 609 renal tumors and 256 non-tumor renal tissues. Normal kidney displayed sex-specific transcriptional signatures, including higher expression of X-linked tumor suppressor genes in women. Sex-dependent genotype–phenotype associations unraveled women-specific immune regulation. Sex differences were markedly expanded in tumors, with male-biased expression of key genes implicated in metabolism, non-malignant diseases with male predominance and carcinogenesis, including markers of tumor infiltrating leukocytes. Analysis of sex-dependent RCC progression and survival uncovered prognostic markers involved in immune response and oxygen homeostasis.
In summary, human kidney tissues display remarkable sexual dimorphism at the molecular level. Sex-specific transcriptional signatures further shape renal cancer, with relevance for clinical management.
Law enforcement access to electronic evidence across borders: mapping policy approaches and emerging reform initiatives
Authors: Abraha Halefom H. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
With the ubiquity of cloud computing, criminal investigations today—including exclusively domestic ones—often require access to data across borders. However, the traditional system of cross-border legal cooperation—the Mutual Legal Assistance system—is ill-suited to this development. There is a growing consensus that this system is unsustainable and needs to be reformed or replaced with new alternatives. That is where the consensus ends, however. Despite the shared understanding of the problem and repeated calls for reform or replacement of the traditional system, there is little agreement on what these reforms or alternative approaches should look like. What one can witness instead is the proliferation of uncoordinated initiatives that could lead to further jurisdictional conflict and legal uncertainty.
The purpose of the present contribution is to map and examine these various initiatives based on the approaches they follow in addressing the challenges in obtaining electronic evidence across borders—issues that are referred to broadly in this article as ‘cross-border data access [CBDA] problem’. It tries to answer two questions: what approaches can best explain the proliferation of initiatives aimed at improving law enforcement access to electronic evidence across borders? To what extent are these initiatives apt to address the CBDA problem? This article develops and distinguishes between four approaches—reformist, unilateralist, internationalist and nuanced—that can best explain the current and emerging initiatives. It then examines the suitability and sustainability of these approaches against their stated objectives and some key principles that have enjoyed extensive support in policy and academic discussions.
Asylum Decisions as Performances: Intertextuality in Internal Credibility Assessment
Authors: Bodström Erna 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This article shows how the Finnish Immigration Service approaches internal credibility assessment in asylum decisions. The internal credibility assessment is one of the most important parts of the asylum process, since it aims to assess the truthfulness of the asylum applicant’s account, customarily through evaluation of the level of detail, coherence, and sense of personal telling. If the account is not accepted as truthful, the applicant may not be granted asylum. In general, the internal credibility assessment is based on the asylum interview documented in the asylum record. The current study analyses 44 asylum decisions and the corresponding interview records to see how the internal credibility assessment is intertextually constructed in the decisions. The article shows that referring to detail seems to be used as a shorthand in the decisions to reject the applicant’s account, since it is used both in cases where the questions of the interviewer have been general, and in cases where the issue seems rather to be one of consistency in either the interview or the decision. The article further shows how the decisions portray the assumptions of the decision maker as more neutral, objective, and credible than those of the asylum applicant. Overall, the article argues that the asylum decisions become performances in which the form and internal argumentation may become more important than the intertextual coherence of the asylum case.
Bifurcation and chaos of BNNT-reinforced piezoelectric plate under complex load
Authors: Yang Jinhua , Fu Guo , Sun Gaofeng 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
By employing piezoelectric theory with thermal effects and von Kármán nonlinear plate theory, the constitutive equations of the boron nitride nanotube (BNNT)-reinforced piezoelectric plate under complex load are set up. The material constants are calculated by using the “XY” rectangle model. Referring to the Reissner variational principle, the nonlinear motion governing equations of the structure are deduced and resolved by the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method. The numerical results show that decreasing voltage and temperature and increasing volume ratio can delay the chaotic or multiple periodic motions of BNNT-reinforced piezoelectric plates, thus improving the dynamic stability of the structure.
Polysemy, synonymy, and metaphor: The use of theHistorical Thesaurus of Englishin translation studies
Authors: Corbett John , Li Li 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis article proposes that the consideration of translation equivalences for lexical items in English benefits from reference to the diachronic digital resources of Historical Thesaurus of English and its offshoot projects, Mapping Metaphor with the Historical Thesaurus, and the Semantic Annotation and Mark-Up for Enhancing Lexical Searches semantic tagger. These resources are the result of a long-term endeavour to code every sense of every headword in the lexicographical record of the English language. There has hitherto been little research into the relevance of these resources to the translation challenges raised by synonymy, polysemy, and the semantic radiation of lexical items. The relevance of these resources and their potential application to the study of equivalence in translation is illustrated with reference to a selection of semantic domains in a Portuguese and a Chinese translation of Jack London’s The Call of the Wild.
Chromospheric activity in 55 Cancri – I. Results from theoretical wave studies
Authors: Fawzy Diaa E , Cuntz Manfred 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
We present theoretical models of chromospheric heating for 55 Cancri, an orange dwarf of relatively low activity. Self-consistent, non-linear, and time-dependent ab initio numerical computations are pursued encompassing the generation, propagation, and dissipation of waves. We consider longitudinal waves operating among arrays of flux tubes as well as acoustic waves pertaining to non-magnetic stellar regions. Additionally, flux enhancements for the longitudinal waves are also taken into account as supplied by transverse tube waves. The Ca ii K fluxes are computed (multi-ray treatment) assuming partial redistribution as well as time-dependent ionization (TDI). The self-consistent treatment of TDI (especially for hydrogen) greatly impacts the atmospheric temperatures and electron densities (especially behind the shocks); it also affects the emergent Ca  ii fluxes. Particularly, we focus on the influence of magnetic heating on the stellar atmospheric structure and the emergent Ca ii emission, as well as the impact of non-linearities. Our study shows that a higher photospheric magnetic filling factor entails a larger Ca ii emission; however, an increased initial wave energy flux (e.g. associated with mode coupling) is of little difference. Comparisons of our theoretical results with observations will be conveyed in forthcoming Paper II.