bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HIV/AIDS: estudo ecológico de variações espaciais nas tendências temporais nos anos de 2007 a 2018
Authors: Pieri Flávia Meneguetti , Gonçales Leandra Fagan Rodrigues , Gioia Thamy Barbara , Arroyo Luiz Henrique , Montanha Rafaela Marioto , Ferreira Natalia Marciano de Araujo , Ramos Antônio Carlos Vieira , Yamamura Mellina , Arcoverde Marcos Augusto Moraes , Furuya Rejane Kiyomi , Lopes Gilselena Kerbauy , Arcêncio Ricardo Alexandre 
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: analisar a relação espacial por meio do georreferenciamento e tendência temporal dos casos confirmados das PVHIV e/ou com diagnóstico de AIDS em um município do Sul do Brasil. Metodologia: Estudo ecológico, com população composta pelos casos de HIV/AIDS notificados entre 2007 e 2018. Na análise espacial empregou-se a autocorrelação espacial de Moran global, seguida pelos indicadores locais de autocorrelação espacial, análises de Moran bivariadas e de densidade de Kernel. A associação entre a distribuição dos casos nos setores censitários foi avaliada pela técnica de análise de variações espaciais nas tendências temporais, para detectar e inferir diferenças em sua tendência temporal frente ao agravo. Os dados foram processados e demonstrados através de mapas. Resultados: Observou-se aumento progressivo da infecção no período. No mapa dos aglomerados dos casos, verificou-se que o ambulatório de referência está localizado próximo ao local de concentração de diagnósticos. Quanto à distribuição da mortalidade, evidenciou-se um panorama homogêneo. Por meio da técnica de análise de variações espaciais nas tendências temporais, pôde-se interpretar, a partir de sua tendência temporal interna, o grau de crescimento ou redução dos casos de HIV/AIDS no decorrer dos anos dentro do aglomerado, neste caso referindo-se à região central, sendo esta comparada com a tendência externa, ou seja, a tendência em todo o município não pertencente a este mesmo aglomerado. Conclusão: O sistema de informação geográfica mostrou-se uma tecnologia relevante para compreender a dinâmica social da infecção pelo HIV e contribuiu na identificação das áreas prioritárias para o planejamento das ações em saúde.
Pandemias e suas repercussões sociais ao longo da história associado ao novo SARS-COV-2: Um estudo de revisão
Authors: Silva Leandro Andrade da , Soares João Pedro Almeida , Silva Larissa Ferreira da , Silva Roni Robson da , Araújo Michael Silva , Silva Maria Virginia Godoy da , Oliveira Elson Santos de , Mesquita Lucas Marvilla Fraga de , Alencar Ícaro Ferracini de , Dutra Vania de Cassia de Araujo , Silveira Michelli Brants , Norbiato Viviane do Nascimento de Paula , Silveira Maria Lucia Feitosa Goulart da , Souza Maria das Graças Gazel de , Souza Daniele Augusto Correa , Barbosa Iolanda de Souza Francisco , Mendonça Conceição de Fátima de Sousa , Duque Elder da Silva , Oliveira João Vitor Emidio , Silva Simone Ferreira Mello 
Published: March 2021

Com grande apreensão, o mundo agora está assistindo ao nascimento de uma nova pandemia. O SARS-COV-2 que já causa tremendo sofrimento, morte e perturbação da vida normal. A incerteza e o medo são exacerbados pela crença de que o que estamos experimentando é novo e misterioso. No entanto, pandemias mortais e emergências de doenças não são fenômenos novos, elas têm desafiado a existência humana ao longo da história. O objetivo desse trabalho foi buscar na literatura cientifica o que vem sendo produzido sobre o tema bem como ilustrar as repercussões das grandes pandemias. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, que seguiu a estratégia PICO para identificar as repercussões das pandemias na humanidade. A busca de artigos foi realizada dentro das bases de dados dos periódicos Pubmed/Medline, BVS/Lilacs e Scielo. Os descritores utilizados foram “história” AND “pandemias” AND “peste” AND “prevenção e controle com textos completos, publicados no período de 2011 a 2021, no idioma inglês, português e espanhol e foi usado o operador boleano AND. Resultados: Foram encontrados 108 artigos. 32 artigos foram selecionados para serem lidos na íntegra e 10 atenderam aos critérios desta revisão. Conclusão: As evidências mostram que as epidemias e pandemias têm seu entendimento e suas respostas relacionadas ao contexto intelectual do seu respectivo tempo, porém também moldam o pensamento social, político e teológico, prevalecente nos anos que se seguem.
Figuring Digital Cascades: Issue Framing in Digital Media Ecosystems
Authors: Casemajor Nathalie , Rocheleau Sylvain 
Published: March 2021

On November 17, 2015, the newly elected Canadian government led by Justin Trudeau made an announcement that became a turning point in the heated debate around the plan to build the Memorial to the Victims of Communism in Ottawa. The government’s decision to scale the project down was massively republished and generated a heavy stream of 2,055 publications and interactions. The virality of such phenomena is sometimes described in the literature as an “information cascade” characterized by a complex and expanding series of media content that is republished, shared, and commented upon in digital public spheres, reaching a growing number of people. Our research aim is twofold. From a theoretical point of view, we combine Entman’s cascade model with the perspective of platform studies. From an empirical point of view, we put this model to the test through a case study of the cascading data flows that emerged during this public debate. We found three key factors that constituted and shaped this information cascade: 1) the economic structure of the Canadian media market, and especially the concentration of media ownership, which is notably high in the Canadian media ecosystem; 2) data-exchange mechanisms and algorithmic filtering that drive the process of news aggregation, quickly spreading media content without being a significant source of user engagement; 3) grassroots engagement in diasporic media, which activates micro public spheres around nested interests and political standpoints regarding the public issue.
More Human BM-MSC With Similar Subpopulation Composition and Functional Characteristics Can Be Produced With a GMP-Compatible Fabric Filter System Compared to Density Gradient Technique
Authors: Spohn Gabriele , Witte Anne-Sophie , Kretschmer Anja , Seifried Erhard , Schäfer Richard 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundMesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), multipotent progenitors that can be isolated from a variety of different tissues, are becoming increasingly important as cell therapeutics targeting immunopathologies and tissue regeneration. Current protocols for MSC isolation from bone marrow (BM) rely on density gradient centrifugation (DGC), and the production of sufficient MSC doses is a critical factor for conducting clinical MSC trials. Previously, a Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)–compatible non-woven fabric filter device system to isolate MSCs was developed to increase the MSC yield from the BM. The aim of our study was to compare high-resolution phenotypic and functional characteristics of BM-MSCs isolated with this device and with standard DGC technology.MethodsHuman BM samples from 5 donors were analyzed. Each sample was divided equally, processing by DGC, and with the filter device. Stem cell content was assessed by quantification of colony-forming units fibroblasts (CFU-F). Immunophenotype was analyzed by multicolor flow cytometry.In vitrotrilineage differentiation potential, trophic factors, and IDO-1 production were assessed. Functionally, immunomodulatory potential, wound healing, and angiogenesis were assayedin vitro.ResultsThe CFU-F yield was 15-fold higher in the MSC preparations isolated with the device compared to those isolated by DGC. Consequently, the MSC yield that could be manufactured at passage 3 per mL collected BM was more than 10 times higher in the device group compared to DGC (1.65 × 109vs. 1.45 × 108). The immunomodulatory potential and IDO-1 production showed donor-to-donor variabilities without differences between fabric filter-isolated and DGC-isolated MSCs. The results from the wound closure assays, the tube formation assays, and the trilineage differentiation assays were similar between the groups with respect to the isolation method. Sixty-four MSC subpopulations could be quantified with CD140a+CD119+CD146+as most common phenotype group, and CD140a+CD119+CD146+MSCA-1–CD106–CD271–and CD140a+CD119+CD146–MSCA-1–CD106–CD271–as most frequent MSC subpopulations. As trophic factors hepatocyte growth factor, epidermal growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, angiopoietin-1, and vascular endothelial growth factor A could be detected in both groups with considerable variability between donors, but independent of the respective MSC isolation technique.ConclusionThe isolation of MSCs using a GMP-compatible fabric filter system device resulted in higher yield of CFU-F, producing substantially more MSCs with similar subpopulation composition and functional characteristics as MSCs isolated by DGC.
Priority Intervention Targets Identified Using an In-Depth Sampling HIV Molecular Network in a Non-Subtype B Epidemics Area
Authors: Zhao Bin , Song Wei , An Minghui , Dong Xue , Li Xin , Wang Lu , Liu Jianmin , Tian Wen , Wang Zhen , Ding Haibo , Han Xiaoxu , Shang Hong 
Published: March 2021

Molecular network analysis based on the genetic similarity of HIV-1 is increasingly used to guide targeted interventions. Nevertheless, there is a lack of experience regarding molecular network inferences and targeted interventions in combination with epidemiological information in areas with diverse epidemic strains of HIV-1.We collected 2,173 pol sequences covering 84% of the total newly diagnosed HIV-1 infections in Shenyang city, Northeast China, between 2016 and 2018. Molecular networks were constructed using the optimized genetic distance threshold for main subtypes obtained using sensitivity analysis of plausible threshold ranges. The transmission rates (TR) of each large cluster were assessed using Bayesian analyses. Molecular clusters with the characteristics of ≥5 newly diagnosed cases in 2018, high TR, injection drug users (IDUs), and transmitted drug resistance (TDR) were defined as priority clusters. Several HIV-1 subtypes were identified, with a predominance of CRF01_AE (71.0%, 1,542/2,173), followed by CRF07_BC (18.1%, 393/2,173), subtype B (4.5%, 97/2,173), other subtypes (2.6%, 56/2,173), and unique recombinant forms (3.9%, 85/2,173). The overall optimal genetic distance thresholds for CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC were both 0.007 subs/site. For subtype B, it was 0.013 subs/site. 861 (42.4%) sequences of the top three subtypes formed 239 clusters (size: 2-77 sequences), including eight large clusters (size ≥10 sequences). All the eight large clusters had higher TR (median TR = 52.4/100 person-years) than that of the general HIV infections in Shenyang (10.9/100 person-years). A total of ten clusters including 231 individuals were determined as priority clusters for targeted intervention, including eight large clusters (five clusters with≥5 newly diagnosed cases in 2018, one cluster with IDUs, and two clusters with TDR (K103N, Q58E/V179D), one cluster with≥5 newly diagnosed cases in 2018, and one IDUs cluster. In conclusion, a comprehensive analysis combining in-depth sampling HIV-1 molecular networks construction using subtype-specific optimal genetic distance thresholds, and baseline epidemiological information can help to identify the targets of priority intervention in an area epidemic for non-subtype B.
Angular Unconformity of the Late Quaternary Strata in the Hetao Basin, North of the Ordos Block (West China): Timing and Its Tectonic Implications
Authors: Bai Luanxi , Xu Xiwei , Luo Hao , Li Kang , Tan Xibin , Zhao Junxiang 
Published: March 2021

Following the uplift of the Tibet Plateau and the continuous subduction of the Pacific Plate, graben faulting began to appear around the Ordos Block in the Cenozoic. The Hetao Basin is a Cenozoic rift basin between the Ordos Block and the Yinshan Mountains, and Late Quaternary sedimentary strata, which have lacustrine facies, are widely distributed inside this basin. However, the evolution of the Hetao Basin and its related fault systems has been debated for a long time due to the lack of tectonic evidence. In this study, four sections named Haolaigou, Bianqianghao, Huhesala, and Hazigai are selected along the north margin of the Hetao Basin. With the lithology and structural analysis of the Upper Pleistocene series in these sections, two new angular unconformities are found within the 10 m thick sedimentary sequence of the lacustrine sediments. Based on the dating results, we speculate that these two upper and lower angular unconformities are formed between 33 ka BP and 40 ka BP, and 60 ka BP and 80 ka BP, respectively. The angular unconformities also provide tectonic constraints for the latest and ongoing tectonic activity in the Quaternary. This tectonic movement begins at around 80 ka BP and causes two different unconformities of the lower strata with varying degrees of deformation (tilt) but also leads to the final death of the ancient lake.
Case Report: Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in Diagnosis of Talaromycosis of an Immunocompetent Patient
Authors: Shi Jiejun , Yang Naibin , Qian Guoqing 
Published: March 2021

Background: Talaromycosis is a serious fungal infection which is rare in immunocompetent people. Since its clinical manifestations lack specificity, it is easy to escape diagnosis or be misdiagnosed leading to high mortality and poor prognosis. It is necessary to be alert to the disease when broad-spectrum antibiotics do not work well in immunocompetent patients.Case Presentation: A 79-year-old man was admitted to our Infectious Diseases Department for recurrent fever and cough. Before admission he has been treated with piperacillin-tazobactam, moxifloxacin followed by antituberculous agents in other hospitals while his symptoms were not thoroughly eased. During the first hospitalization in another hospital, he has been ordered a series of examination including radionuclide whole body bone imaging, transbronchial needle aspiration for subcarinal nodes. However, the results were negative showing no neoplasm. After being admitted to our hospital, he underwent various routine examinations. The initial diagnosis was bacterial pneumonia, and he was given meropenem injection and tigecycline injection successively, but there were no improvement of symptoms and inflammatory indicators. In the end, the main pathogen Talaromyces marneffei was confirmed using Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing (mNGS), and his clinical symptoms gradually relieved after targeted antifungal treatment using voriconazole.Conclusion: When empirical anti-infective treatment is ineffective, it is necessary to consider the possibility of opportunistic fungal infections on immunocompetent patients. mNGS, as a new generation of pathogenic testing methods, can often detect pathogenic bacteria faster than traditional methods, providing important help for clinical decision-making.
Clopidogrel Plus Aspirin in Patients With Different Types of Single Small Subcortical Infarction
Authors: Wang Guangyao , Yang Xiaomeng , Jing Jing , Zhao Xingquan , Liu Liping , Wang Chunxue , Wang David , Wang Anxin , Meng Xia , Wang Yongjun , Wang Yilong 
Published: March 2021

Background: We aim to investigate the effects and safety of clopidogrel plus aspirin in patients with different types of single small subcortical infarction (SSSI) in the Clopidogrel in High-risk patients with Acute Non-disabling Cerebrovascular Events (CHANCE) trial.Methods: SSSI was defined as single DWI lesion of ≤2.0 cm. Patients with SSSI were divided into SSSI + PAD (parent artery disease) and SSSI – PAD, according to the stenosis of the parent artery. The efficacy outcome was stroke recurrence during 90-day follow-up. Cox proportional hazards models or logistic regression models were used to assess the interaction of the treatment effects of clopidogrel plus aspirin vs. aspirin alone among patients with and without PAD.Results: Among 338 patients with SSSI included in the subanalysis, 105 were with PAD and 233 without. The efficacy of clopidogrel plus aspirin compared with aspirin alone on any stroke was consistent between patients with [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.84; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.25–2.75] and without PAD (adjusted HR 1.03; 95% CI, 0.40–2.68, interaction P = 0.83). In patients with SSSI + PAD, the rate of stroke recurrence in those treated with dual antiplatelet therapy and mono antiplatelet therapy was not significantly different (10.9 vs. 13.6%, P = 0.77). The number of bleeding events was similar between the clopidogrel-aspirin group and aspirin group regardless of SSSI + PAD or SSSI – PAD.Conclusions: There was no significant difference in the efficacy of clopidogrel plus aspirin compared with aspirin alone between patients with SSSI + PAD and SSSI – PAD in the CHANCE trial. Studies in other populations and with adequate power are needed to further verify such findings.
TRPC1 Inhibits Cell Proliferation/Invasion and Is Predictive of a Better Prognosis of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zeng Yun-Zhu , Zhang Yong-Qu , Chen Jiong-Yu , Zhang Li-Ying , Gao Wen-Liang , Lin Xue-Qiong , Huang Shao-Min , Zhang Fan , Wei Xiao-Long 
Published: March 2021

Background and ObjectivesIn China, over 90% of esophageal cancer (EC) cases are esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). ESCC is a frequently malignant tumor with poor prognosis despite the development of comprehensive therapeutic strategies, for which there is still a lack of effective prognostic factors. Previous studies found that the abnormal expression of TRPC1 is closely related to the proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and differentiation of various tumors. However, the relationship between TRPC1 and ESCC is currently unclear. The present study aimed to clarify the clinical significance of TRPC1 and to preliminarily assess the molecular mechanism by which TRPC1 regulates cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in ESCC.Materials and MethodsImmunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to determine the expression of TRPC1 and Ki-67 in 165 cases of ESCC. The correlations between TRPC1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics were determined, and both univariate and multivariate analyses were utilized to quantify the impact of TRPC1 expression on patient survival. Cell Counting Kit-8, scratch wound healing, and transwell assays were used to determine the effects of TRPC1 on proliferation, migration, and invasion in ESCC in vitro, respectively.ResultsThe positive expression rate of TRPC1 showed significantly decreased in ESCC (45.50%) compared with the levels in normal esophageal mucosa (NEM; 80.80%) and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIEN; 63.20%) (P&lt;0.001). Higher expression rate of TRPC1 was associated with low lymph node metastasis (P&lt;0.001), high differentiation (rs= 0.232, P=0.003), and low Ki-67 (rs = −0.492, P&lt;0.001). We further revealed that low expression of TRPC1 was associated with poor prognosis (Disease-free survival, DFS: 95% CI=0.545–0.845, P=0.001; Overall survival, OS: 95% CI=0.553–0.891, P=0.004). Furthermore, we showed that downregulation of TRPC1 promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell line EC9706 in vitro. In contrast, overexpression of TRPC1 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell line KYSE150 (P&lt;0.01), in a manner at least in part mediated through the AKT/p27 pathway.ConclusionTRPC1 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of EC9706 and KYSE150 cells, at least, in part mediated through the AKT/p27 pathway in vitro. The downregulation of TRPC1 may be one of the most important molecular events in the malignant progression of ESCC. TRPC1 could be a new candidate tumor suppressor gene and a new prognostic factor of ESCC.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Male Accessory Breast Cancer: A Comprehensive Systematic Review
Authors: Pang Liwei , Cui Meiying , Dai Wanlin , Wu Shuodong , Kong Jing 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundAccessory breast cancer is extremely rare, especially in male patients, and only a few cases have been reported in the literature. To date, no specific guidelines regarding its diagnosis and treatment are available.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of male accessory breast cancer by reviewing the available literature on this disease.MethodsThe Web of Science, Cochrane, PubMed, and CNKI databases were systematically searched (last search: 30 November 2020) to identify studies on male axillary accessory breast cancer. The following data were extracted: author names, number of patients, country, patient age, tumor location, tumor size, pathologic diagnosis, and treatment.ResultsThere were 16 studies included (6 in Chinese and 10 in English), corresponding to 16 cases of male axillary accessory breast cancer. Primary surgical resection is currently the main procedure, followed by comprehensive treatment including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and endocrine therapy. Patient age ranged from 51–87 years, and the average age was 67.1 years. The main clinical features of the patients were pain, the portion of the skin covering the mass was either reddish or purplish, and the mass could show swelling and erosion on the surface, with purulent exudate.ConclusionsOnce male accessory breast cancer is diagnosed, we can follow the latest guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. Tumor biopsy and resection seems the treatment of first choice, combined with comprehensive treatment including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and endocrine therapy.
Association of Routinely Measured Proinflammatory Biomarkers With Abnormal MRI Findings in Asphyxiated Neonates Undergoing Therapeutic Hypothermia
Authors: Ruhfus Maria , Giannakis Stamatios , Markus Mona , Stein Anja , Hoehn Thomas , Felderhoff-Mueser Ursula , Sabir Hemmen 
Published: March 2021

Background: The neuroprotective treatment effect of therapeutic hypothermia (TH) following perinatal asphyxia may be negatively influenced by neonatal sepsis and concomitant inflammation. We aimed to correlate routinely used blood biomarkers for perinatal sepsis in cooled asphyxiated newborns with MRI findings.Methods: Perinatal data was retrospectively collected from 67 cooled asphyxiated newborns. Levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cells and platelets were analyzed before, during and after TH. Interleukin-6 blood levels were analyzed before initiation of TH. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on postnatal day 5–7 was used defining short-term outcome. Adverse outcome was defined as death or adverse MRI findings. Amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) was additionally analyzed and correlated with short-term MRI outcome.Results: Forty-nine newborns had favorable short-term MRI outcome. Perinatal data referring to perinatal sepsis did not differ significantly between groups. IL-6 levels before initiation of TH and CRP levels on day three and after TH were significantly higher in newborns with adverse short-term MRI outcome. Males with adverse short-term MRI outcome had significantly increased CRP values at the end of the cooling phase. aEEG strongly correlated with short-term MRI outcome.Conclusion: Routinely used blood biomarkers may be helpful early identifying newborns at high risk of unfavorable outcome and in need of close neurodevelopmental follow-up.