bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunological Role And Clinical Prognostic Significance of Risk Marker P2RY6 In Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wu Hong , Hui Dongxu , Li Jiasheng , Zhang Lihua , Xiang Xuebao 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
There is increasing evidence that P2RY6 may be involved in inflammatory responses. However, the role of P2RY6 in a variety of cancers remains unknown. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed P2RY6 expression and its association with different types of malignancies using different multiple databases, and further explored the relationship between P2RY6 expression and prognosis in LUAD, and finally validated it using immunohistochemistry in LUAD. We found that P2RY6 was expressed at significantly higher levels in a variety of cancer tissues, and that poor patient prognosis was strongly associated with high P2RY6 expression. Further risk scoring revealed that P2RY6 is closely associated with the immune microenvironment of LUAD, which would suggest that P2RY6 would be a new target for immunotherapy in LUAD
Revealing the Polar Nature of a Ferroelectric Nematic
Authors: Rudquist Per 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The recent discovery of spontaneously polar nematic liquid crystals - so-called ferroelectric nematics - more than a century after the first discussions about their possible existence - has attracted large interest, both from fundamental scientific and applicational points of view. However, the experimental demonstration of such a phase has, so-far, been non-trivial. Here I present a direct method for the experimental verification of a ferroelectric nematic liquid crystal phase. The method utilizes a single sample cell where the two substrates are linearly and circularly rubbed, respectively, and the ferroelectric nematic phase (NF) is revealed by the orientation of the resulting disclination lines in the cell.
XinJiaCongRongTuSiZiWan Protects TP-Induced Rats from Oxidative Stress Injury via Mitophagy Mediated PINK1/ Parkin Signaling Pathway
Authors: Yan Jin , Deng Disi , Liu Min , Wu Yeke , Wu Keming 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress is one of main molecular mechanisms involved in toxicity of triptolide (TP). Although our group has discovered the effectiveness of XinJiaCongRongTuSiZiWan (XJCRTSZW) on premature ovarian failure (POF) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), whether the protective role of XJCRTSZW being associated with oxidative stress is still totally understood. Methods: Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats and human ovarian granulosa cell lines were treated with TP, and then treated with XinJiaCongRongTuSiZiWan (XJCRTSZW). Histological analysis and follicle count were executed using H&E staining. Hormone (E2, AMH, P, FSH and LH) concentrations, oxidative stress indicators (SOD and MDA), apoptosis rate, ATP content, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), cell viability, mitophagy and relative mRNA and protein levels (LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ, p62, Hsp60, PINK1 and Parkin) were detected by ELISA, commercial biochemical detection kits, flow cytometry, JC-1 staining, CCK-8, transmission electron microscope and western blotting respectively. Results: XJCRTSZW treatment observably ameliorated the TP-induced the pathological symptoms, including the decreased primordial follicles, primary follicles and secondary follicles numbers in the cortical area, the increased numbers of atretic follicles, necrotic and shedding, and nuclear constriction and collapse with cystic dilatation in vivo. Furthermore, XJCRTSZW treatment observably enhanced the TP-induced reduction of E2, AMH and P concentrations, SOD concentrations, ATP content, MMP, p62 and Hsp60 mRNA and protein level, but, diminished the TP-induced elevation of FSH and LH concentrations, MDA level, ROS level, apoptosis rate, mitophagy, and the mRNA and protein expression of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ, PINK1 and Parkin both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, XJCRTSZW treatment markedly increased the TP-induced reduction of cell viability in vitro.Conclusion: XinJiaCongRongTuSiZiWan protects TP-induced rats from oxidative stress injury via mitophagy mediated PINK1/ Parkin signaling pathway.
Isolation of A Nocardiopsis Chromatogenes Strain That Degrades PLA (Polylactic Acid) From Pig Waste–Based Compost
Authors: Kawashima Nobuyuki , Tokuda Junko , Yagi Tadashi , Takahashi Katsuyuki 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A new Nocardiopsis species that degrades polylactic acid (PLA) was isolated from pig dung–based compost from a municipal composting facility in Japan. To obtain strains capable of efficient PLA degradation, we minimized the effect of non-enzymatic degradation of PLA by maintaining the temperature at 37°C or below. After screening a total of 15 animal waste–based compost samples, consisting of pig dung, cow dung, horse dung, or chicken droppings, we found that compost derived from pig dung was most efficient for degradation of PLA film, and used it for isolation of PLA-degrading microorganisms. Screening for PLA-degrading microorganisms in compost was performed using an agar plate–based method; an emulsifier was omitted to avoid selection of strains that assimilated the emulsifier instead of PLA in the medium. After repeated enrichment, six strains were obtained. One strain that exhibited stable PLA degradation on agar plates was subjected to genomic analysis and identified as Nocardiopsis chromatogenes, an actinomycete.
Prevalence and Factors Associated With Caesarean Section in Rwanda: a Trend Analysis of Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey 2000 to 2019-20
Authors: Kibe Peter M. , Mbuthia Grace Wambura , Shikuku Duncan , Akoth Catherine , Oguta James , Ng’ang'a Loise , Gatimu Samwel Maina 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Caesarean section (CS) is an important medical intervention for reducing the risk of poor perinatal outcomes. However, CS trends in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) continue to increase yet maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity remain high. Rwanda, like many other countries in SSA, has shown an increasing trend in the use of CS. This study assessed the trends and factors associated with CS delivery in Rwanda over the past two decades.Methods: We used nationally representative child datasets from the Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey 2000 to 2019-20. All births in the preceding three years to the survey were assessed for the mode of delivery. The participants’ characteristics, trends and the prevalence of CS were analysed using frequencies and percentages. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analyses were used to assess the factors associated with population and hospital-based CS in Rwanda for each of the surveys.Results: The population-based rate of CS in Rwanda significantly increased from 2.2% (95% CI 1.8–2.6) in 2000 to 15.6% (95% CI 13.9–16.5) in 2019-20. Despite increasing in all health facilities over time, there was an almost four-fold difference in the rate of CS between private (60.6%) and public health facilities (15.4%) in 2019-20. The rates and odds of CS were disproportionately high among women of high socioeconomic groups, those who resided in Kigali city, had multiple pregnancies, and attended at least four antenatal care visits while the odds of CS were significantly lower among multiparous women and those who had female babies. Conclusion: Over the past two decades, the rate of CS use in Rwanda increased significantly at health facility and population level with high regional and socio-economic disparities. There is a need to examine the disparities in CS trends and developing tailored policy guidelines to ensure proper use of CS in Rwanda.
Optimal Duration of Antibiotics Therapy After Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery in Thoracic Empyema and Complicated Parapneumonic Effusion
Authors: Yukumi Shungo , Ishimaru Kei , Suzuki Hideaki , Morimoto Masamitsu , Senba Mayuko , Yamamoto Tetsuya , Sano Yoshifumi , Abe Masahiro , Mori Yu , Sakao Nobuhiko 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThere is no evidential report about the optimal duration of antibiotic use following video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery debridement (VATS-D) in thoracic empyema (TE) or complicated parapneumonic effusion (PPE). The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal duration of antibiotic therapy after VATS-D for TE /PPE.MethodsBetween January 2011 and December 2019, total thirty-three patients (28 men, 5 women; median age 63 years) corresponding to ACCP category 3 or 4 receiving VATS-D were included in the study. Time until the body temperature (BT) was to be less than 37.5 ºC and 37.0 ºC, WBC count to be less than 10,000/μl and segmented neutrophil (seg) count to be less than 80% were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsThe median time from the onset of TE/PPE to the operation was 13 days. Pre and postoperative antibiotic had median values of 5 and 7 days, respectively. There were no hospital deaths within 30 days of the operation. Major complications occurred in 4 cases (3 respiratory failures and one celebral infarction). Median postoperative hospital stay was 14 days. Success rate in TE/PPE treatment was 88%. The median number of days until the conditions met were BT>37.5 ºC for 3 days, BT>37.0 ºC for 6 days, WBC<10,000 for 4 days and seg<80% for 7 days.Conclusion﻿The optimal antibiotic duration of antibiotic use after VATS-D for TE/PPE is approximately 5 days. Urgent VATS-D will shorten the total antibiotic duration.
Spatial And Spatio-Temporal Epidemiological Approaches To Inform Covid-19 Surveillance And Control: A Review Protocol
Authors: Odhiambo Julius Nyerere , Dolan Carrie Brewer 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pathogen/infections that cause coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19 ) have afflicted millions worldwide. Understanding the underlying spatial and temporal dynamics can help orient timely public health policies and optimize the targeting of non-pharmaceutical interventions and vaccines to the most vulnerable populations, particularly in resource-constrained settings such as Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The review systematically summarises important methodological aspects and specificities of spatial approaches applied to Covid-19 in SSA. Methods: Thematically selected keywords will systematically search for refereed studies in the following electronic databases PubMed, SCOPUS, MEDLINE, CINHAL, and Coronavirus Research Database for peer-reviewed articles from January 2020 to October 2021. Two independent reviewers will screen the title, abstracts, and full texts against predefined eligibility criteria based on methodological relevance and quality. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020 procedures will be adhered to during the reporting process.Discussion: A wealth of studies employing spatial and spatio-temporal methodology have appeared in literature in diverse contexts; however, Covid-19 modeling remains in its infancy, and research is needed to characterize uncertainty and validate various modeling regimes appropriately. It is anticipated that the review will aid spatial, spatio-temporal modeling decisions necessary for mitigating the current and future pandemics. Systematic review registration: CRD42021279767
Soxhlet Extraction of Cannabinoids (CBD and THC) From Four Different Strains of Cannabis Grown in Four Different Regions
Authors: KARĞILI Umut , Aytaç Ezgi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The objective of this work was to investigate the cannabinoid content of extracts which was conducted by soxhlet extraction. In the extraction system hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol were used sequentially to extract cannabis plant. When all species were evaluated in terms of CBD, all results in Meram region were the highest. As it can be understood, if an efficient extract in terms of CBD is desired, sowing can be done in Meram. Narlı strain provided the highest (65.88%) yield in terms of CBD in accordance with its cultivation purpose. When evaluated THC active ingredient, it was seen that each strain gave high yields in different regions. Elnur strain yielded the highest yields in Altınekin (66.21%), Papatya in Beyşehir (52.05%), Narlı (14.49%) and Gökçeağaç in Çumra (56.13%). It is the first study to show the different climatic conditions effect on the yield of CBD and THC in different strains.
Delivery of dCas9 CRISPR System Into the Hard Transfection Cells by Magnetofection Approach
Authors: Ghanbarlou Mahdi Mohammadi , Abdoli Shahriyar , Bamehr Hadi , Qazizadeh Leila , Omid Hamed , Iranpour Hamidreza , Shahsavarani Hosein , Karimipour Morteza , Shokrgozar Mohammad Ali 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: The CRISPR-Cas9 system, a powerful tool, has revolutionized genome engineering in eukaryotic cells and living organisms. However, this approach poses unique concerns and limitations when used by conventional transfection methods, including limited packaging size and low delivery efficiency. Here, we aim at assessing the transfection efficiency of DNA encoding for the CRISPR-Cas9 system by PEI coated Magnetic NanoParticle (MNPs) to improve the delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 constructs into eukaryotic cells. Results: Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) coated with polyethylenimine (PEI) and then complexed with pCXLE-dCas9VPH-T2A-GFP-shP53 plasmid DNA. We used HEK-293 (human embryonic kidney) and Human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF) cells to express GFP after transfection to evaluate delivery efficiency with MNPs and Lipofection methods. PEI-coated nanoparticles with magnetic iron oxide core were synthesized by co-precipitation technique resulting in an average size of ~ 20 nm in diameter. Characterization of Magnetic Nano Particle (MNPs) revealed that particles have narrow size distribution sufficient colloidal stability. The result showed that the magnetofection method with an efficiency around 85.7% for HEK-293 and 28.2% for HFF. Also, transfection efficiency by lipofection method was 83.2% and 7.89% for HEK-293 and HFF respectively. Conclusion: The magnetofection was revealed to be more efficient than classic Lipofectamine transfection as measured by GFP expression. We show that PEI-MNPs enable effective delivery and improved safety of plasmids encoding CRISPR/Cas9 into eukaryote cells.
PENGARUH UPAH TANAH BENGKOK TERHADAP KINERJA, PRESPEKTIF PRINSIP KEADILAN EKONOMI SYARIAH (Studi pada Perangkat Desa di Kecamatan Banyakan Kabupaten Kediri)
Authors: Andriani Andriani 
Published: October 2021

Tanah bengkok merupakan bagian dari tanah desa yang selama ini diperuntukkan untuk gaji pamong desa. Desa merupakan ujung tombak dalam pelaksanaan program-program pemerintah. Oleh karena itu mutlak kinerja perangkat desa sangat berpengaruh terhadap berhasilnya program-program pemerintah pusat. Adil adalah sesuatu yang sesuai dengan kondisinya. Adil bukan berarti sama dalam hal jumlah maupun dalam hal lainnya. Dalam upah adil bukan berarti besarnya harus sama antara pekerja satu dengan kerja lainnya. Latar belakang tersebut mendorong peneliti untuk melakukan penelitian dengan fokus penelitian: 1. Mengetahui upah tanah bengkok perangkat desa di Kecamatan Banyakan. 2. Mengetahui kinerja perangkat desa di Kecamatan Banyakan. 3. Mengetahui pengaruh upah tanah bengkok terhadap kinerja perangkat desa di Kecamatan Banyakan. 4. Mengetahui pengaruh upah tanah bengkok terhadap kinerja perangkat desa di Kecamatan Banyakan dalam pandangan prinsip keadilan ekonomi Syariah.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Metode sampling jenuh digunakan peneliti untuk menentukan besarnya sampel. Seluruh populasi yang berjumlah 111 dijadikan sampel dan mengisi angket penelitian. Selain angket, peneliti menggunakan metode observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara kepada pegawai kecamatan perangkat desa, serta warga untuk mendapatkan data yang dibutuhkan. Uji validitas, reabilitas, analisis deskriptif, uji normalitas, uji autokorelasi, korelasi product momen, uji regresi linier sederhana, uji t dan uji determinasi dilakukan peneliti untuk analisis data.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa upah tanah bengkok dalam kategori baik dan kinerja perangkat desa dalam kategori sangat baik. Uji Hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa bahwa nilai t hitung adalah 1.297 sedangkan t tabel adalah 1,66571 Sehingga upah tanah bengkok tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja perangkat desa. Berdasarkan uji determinasi didapatkan variabel upah tanah bengkok hanya mempengaruhi kinerja sebesar 0.4% . Berdasarkan hasil wawancara terhadap warga didapatkan kesimpulan kinerja perangkat desa dirasa masih kurang bagus. Sehingga dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa upah tanah bengkok, tidak berimplikasi kepada kinerja perangkat desa. Praktek upah tanah bengkok tidak melanggar hukum Islam, namun dalam teori keadilan perbedaan luas tanah bengkok dirasa kurang adil, karena perbedaan tersebut tidak berdasarkan nilai kerja maupun kebutuhan perangkat desa.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN VOLATILITAS HARGA ISSI DENGAN IHSG: STUDI KASUS MASA TURMOIL PERIODE 2019-2020
Authors: Puspitasari Dinnar 
Published: October 2021

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan membandingkan pengaruh masa turmoil antara volatilitas Indeks Saham Syariah Indonesia (ISSI) dengan Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan (IHSG). Serta, menganalisis dan membandingkan seberapa besar variabel-variabel makroekonomi yang mencerminkan masa turmoil pada tahun 2019 hingga 2020 mempengaruhi volatilitas ISSI dan IHSG. Masa turmoil dalam penelitian ini yaitu penurunan harga minyak dunia, perang dagang antara Amerika Serikat dengan China, pandemi Covid-19 dan demo penolakan Rancangan Undang-Undang (RUU) Cipta Kerja dengan variabel Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB), inflasi, kurs rupiah-dolar, suku bunga, harga minyak dunia, Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE) Composite Index, New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). Variabel yang digunakan adalah data lima hari kerja dari tahun 2019 hingga 2020. Metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisis kuantitatif menggunakan TGARCH Model dan VECM. Berdasarkan hasil TGARCH menunjukkan bahwa volatilitas ISSI memiliki pengaruh yang lebih kecil terhadap masa turmoil. Namun, hasil analisis VECM menunjukkan masa turmoil tahun 2019 hingga 2020 lebih berdampak pada volatilitas ISSI dibandingkan dengan volatilitas IHSG.
Abstract: This study aims to analyze and compare the effect of turmoil period on the volatility of Indonesian Sharia Stock Index (ISSI) and Jakarta Composite Index (JCI). As well, analyzing and comparing the impact of macroeconomic variables that reflect turmoil period in 2019 to 2020 affect the volatility of ISSI and JCI. The turmoil period in this research are the decline in world oil prices, trade war between the United States and China, Covid-19 pandemic and demonstration against the Omnibus Law. Variables in this model are Gross Domestic Product (GDP), inflation, rupiah-dollar exchange rate, interest rates, world oil prices, Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE) Composite Index and New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). The variables used five working days data from 2019 to 2020. The analytical method used in this research is quantitative analysis using TGARCH Model and VECM. Based on the results of TGARCH, it shows that the volatility of ISSI has less effect on the turmoil period. However, the results of VECM analysis shows that the turmoil period of 2019 to 2020 has more impact on the volatility of ISSI than the volatility of JCI.
DINAMIKA HUBUNGAN FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT (FDI), MAKROEKONOMI DAN RETURN INDEKS SAHAM SYARIAH DI EMPAT NEGARA ASEAN
Authors: Fitriyanto Nur , Ardiansyah Misnen , Wibowo Muhammad Ghafur , Satibi Ibi 
Published: October 2021

Negara-negara kawasan Asia Tenggara tengah menyongsong integrasi pasar modal. Kehadiran momentum itu, dibutuhkan kondisi ekonomi masing-masing negara yang stabil dan pasar modal yang menarik. Momentum ini juga merupakan kesempatan pasar modal syariah untuk lebih dikembangkan di kawasan ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) dan variabel ekonomi makro yakni pertumbuhan ekonomi, inflasi, suku bunga acuan dan nilai tukar terhadap return indeks saham syariah di empat negara ASEAN yaitu Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand dan Singapura. Periode penelitian sejak kuartal IV tahun 2006 sampai dengan kuartal I tahun 2020. Metode yang digunakan dalam pembuktian empiris pada penelitian ini adalah Autoregressive Distributed Lag Bounds Testing Approach (ARDL). Penelitian ini menemukan hubungan kointegrasi jangka panjang pada semua negara objek penelitian. Dalam hubungan jangka panjang dan dinamika jangka pendek, penelitian ini menemukan adanya variasi hasil dan arah koefisien di 4 negara ASEAN. Kecepatan penyesuaian kembali keseimbangan jika terjadi goncangan berturut-turut Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand dan Singapura adalah 44.7%, 65.4%, 43.5% dan 50.0% per bulannya.
Nazarovite, Ni12P5, a new terrestrial and meteoritic mineral structurally related to nickelphosphide, Ni3P
Authors: Britvin Sergey N. , Murashko Mikhail N. , Krzhizhanovskaya Maria G. , Vereshchagin Oleg S. , Vapnik Yevgeny , Shilovskikh Vladimir V. , Lozhkin Maksim S. , Obolonskaya Edita V. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Nazarovite, Ni12P5, is a new natural phosphide discovered on Earth and in meteorites. Terrestrial nazarovite originates from phosphide assemblages confined to pyrometamorphic suite of the Hatrurim Formation (the Mottled Zone), the Dead Sea basin, Negev desert, Israel. Meteoritic nazarovite was identified among Ni-rich phosphide precipitates extracted from the Marjalahti meteorite (main group pallasite). Terrestrial mineral occurs as micrometer-sized lamella intergrown with transjordanite (Ni2P). Meteoritic nazarovite forms chisel-like crystals up to 8 μm long. The mineral is tetragonal, space group I4/m. The unit-cell parameters of terrestrial and meteoritic material, respectively: a 8.640(1) and 8.6543(3), c 5.071(3), and 5.0665(2) Å, V 378.5(2), and 379.47(3) Å3, Z = 2. The crystal structure of terrestrial nazarovite was solved and refined on the basis of X-ray single-crystal data (R1 = 0.0516), whereas the structure of meteoritic mineral was refined by the Rietveld method using an X-ray powder diffraction profile (RB = 0.22%). The mineral is structurally similar to phosphides of schreibersite–nickelphosphide join, Fe3P-Ni3P. Chemical composition of nazarovite (terrestrial/meteoritic, electron microprobe, wt%): Ni 81.87/78.59, Fe &lt;0.2/4.10; Co &lt;0.2/0.07, P 18.16/17.91, total 100.03/100.67, leading to the empirical formula Ni11.97P5.03 and (Ni11.43Fe0.63Co0.01)12.07P4.94, based on 17 atoms per formula unit. Nazarovite formation in nature, both on Earth and in meteorites, is related to the processes of Fe/Ni fractionation in solid state, at temperatures below 1100 °C.