bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Profesores chilenos en busca de la educación socialista mexicana (1934-1940). Entre las misiones educativas y los procesos de institucionalización
Authors: Rivera Mir Sebastián 
Published: July 2021

El presente artículo analiza las experiencias de algunos profesores chilenos que llegaron a México en busca de conocer los avatares de la educación socialista. Esto involucra tanto una detención en los motivos que los trajeron, su estadía en el país, como su posterior regreso e inserción en Chile. Los estudios historiográficos sobre los intercambios académicos han prestado poca atención al impacto que tiene el retorno de estos sujetos y sus formas de influir en las políticas públicas y educativas. Como veremos a lo largo del texto, esta circunstancia permitió un diálogo constante entre los procesos de ambos países que con el paso del tiempo fue institucionalizándose. Desde el plano metodológico, la argumentación se construye en torno a la articulación de dos conceptos clave: usos políticos del intercambio y diplomacia pública.
Safety Analysis of Landslide in Pipeline Area through Field Monitoring
Authors: Xin Li , Mingzhou Bai , Bohu He , Pengxiang Li , Lebin Zong , Yun Chen , Hai Shi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Although the triggering of landslides is closely related to environmental factors, several other factors also contribute toward these landslides. Simple data observation of a single factor, such as displacement or rainfall, cannot clearly explain the relationship between landslide hazards and environmental factors in oil and gas pipeline areas. Based on the systematic summary of domestic and foreign pipeline landslide hazard monitoring and data analysis technologies, this study selects the high-risk section of an oil and gas transmission pipeline area as the research object and analyzes the characteristics and distribution of geological hazards along the pipeline. Studies have shown that the overlying soil of the landslide body, with an uneven thickness of approximately 3 m, consists of two reflection layers reflecting the electromagnetic signals of radar. Between November 2019 and November 2020, the maximum monthly cumulative rainfall occurred in June 2020, which was 419.7 mm, in addition to a cumulative rainfall of up to 108 mm that occurred in a single day. During this time, the soil moisture content at a depth of 1.5 m is the most sensitive factor in response to rainfall events. The water content of the soil fluctuates with depth due to diffusion and seepage. After a heavy rainfall, the leading edge of the landslide exhibited displacement and dragged the trailing edge along with it. The pipeline strain also fluctuated significantly with the displacement. The effect on the pipe changed from compressive strain to tensile strain and back to compressive strain, indicating that a landslide due to rainfall causes concentrated stress and deformation of the pipeline, thereby affecting its safety.
Transatlantic Climate and Gulf Stream Aesthetics
Authors: Williams Daniel 
Published: July 2021

Daniel Williams, “Transatlantic Climate and Gulf Stream Aesthetics” (pp. 57–91)
The Gulf Stream gained scientific prominence in the nineteenth century as a test case for theories about the dynamics of ocean currents and the equilibrium of transatlantic climate. Discourse about the current supplied descriptions, analogies, and myths that persist into the present. Triangulating oceanic, ecological, and transatlantic approaches to literary study, this essay argues that the nineteenth-century discourse of the Gulf Stream included a significant aesthetic dimension organized by a dialectic between stability and variability. First, the essay traces the Gulf Stream’s presence in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century scientific writing and print culture, showing how memorable figures and vivid illustrations accentuated the risk of climate variability even as they charted an apparently stable oceanic system. Next, it considers the work of two poets separated by the ocean, Gerard Manley Hopkins and Sidney Lanier. While ostensibly using the Gulf Stream motif to reflect on geographic identity and cultural belonging, Hopkins and Lanier use formal and figurative techniques that register the threat of climate instability, offering a deeper sense of climate disquiet than the scientific materials on which they drew. Finally, the essay looks at the poetry of Derek Walcott, sketching the afterlife of the Gulf Stream discourse, extending its formal and figurative lineage, and renewing the present ecological urgency of thinking with an Earth-system process as a motif of climatic connection and obligation.
Knowledge and perception of dental practitioners regarding the use of devitalizing agents
Authors: Kaushik Pratyasha , Kaushik Mamta , Soujanya Elkanti , Roshni Roshni , Mehra Neha , Karthik Prasad Lokam 
Published: July 2021

Background. Pulpal pain is amongst the most severe pains experienced by humans. Various chemical agents are used routinely to devitalize the severely inflamed pulpal tissue. Most of these agents are harmful and have detrimental effects. This questionnaire-based study evaluated the awareness and perception of dental practitioners regarding the use of devitalizing agents during endodontic procedures, and various alternatives to minimize the use of these agents.
Methods. An open questionnaire was distributed to a total of 250 dental practitioners. It carried detailed information about the most common devitalizing agent used, the purpose of use, method, and duration of application, recommendations, complications encountered, awareness of complications, and various alternatives. The collected data were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 17.0 (IBM Statistics, Chicago, Illinois, USA). Descriptive statistics were drawn with respective percentages to have a comparative overview.
Results. 209 responses to 250 questionnaires circulated gave a response rate of 83.6%. Amongst them, 63.15% of dentists were using devitalizing agents. The most widely and frequently used devitalizing agent was Devitec (PD Swiss, Vevey, Switzerland) (36.3%), followed by Caustinerf forte (Septodont, Saint-Maur-des-Fosses, France) (29.5%). A total of 32.9% dentists were aware of the recommendations, and 66.02% were aware of the complications of devitalizing agents; 16.26% of dental practitioners encountered complications due to the use of devitalizing agents. The dentists listed the alternate methods regarding the use of pulp devitalizing agents.
Conclusion. Although most of the dentists were aware of the harmful effects and few encountered complications with the use of devitalizers, they continued to use these agents because of the lack of an effective alternative.
Real-life burden of adverse reactions to biological therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: a single-centre prospective case series
Authors: Larussa Tiziana , Basile Antonio , Palleria Caterina , Iannelli Chiara , Vero Ada , Giubilei Lidia , De Sarro Caterina , Suraci Evelina , Marasco Raffaella , Imeneo Maria , Russo Emilio , Abenavoli Ludovico , De Sarro Giovambattista , Luzza Francesco 
Published: July 2021

Background/aim. Biologics represent a key therapeutic option in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but are associated with several side effects. Post-marketing surveillance, through a spontaneous adverse drug reactions (ADRs) monitoring system, is essential to assess the safety profile of biologics. The aim of the study was to prospectively evaluate the occurrence of ADRs in IBD patients treated with biologics from a single centre in Southern Italy.
Methods. Data from patients with Crohn’s Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC) who underwent biological therapy were prospectively collected. ADRs were classified according to the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA®).
Results. Overall, 68 (54% male, 68% with UC and 32% with CD) biologic-naïve IBD patients underwent biological therapy. Mean follow-up was 11.7 ± 6.2 months. As a results of switches, for 68 patients we obtained 96 biologic prescriptions. Overall, 45 ADRs occurred in 36 (53%) patients, distributed as follows (ADRs/prescriptions): 19/37 with IFX-Remicade, 5/12 with IFX-Remsima, 8/9 with GOL, 11/26 with ADA, and 2/12 with VDZ. Mild ADRs were 29 (64%), moderate 15 (34%) and 1 (2%) severe. General disorders and administration related reactions were the most frequent ADRs (35%), followed by skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders (20%), infections (15%), musculoskeletal (11%), respiratory (6%) blood (4%), gastrointestinal (4%), and vascular disorders (2%). In 9 cases (20%) the ADRs resulted in definitive discontinuation of biologic therapy.
Conclusion. In a prospective cohort of IBD patients, more than half experienced ADRs during biologic therapy. General disorders and administration related reactions were the most common ADRs, while infections were less common and rarely led to discontinuation of therapy. Findings underline the importance of surveillance in management of IBD patients during biologic therapy and implementing safety protocols with data from real-life settings.
Digestive involvement in COVID-19: what we have learned in the past 12 months
Authors: Posmag Vladimir , David Liliana , Dumitrascu Dan L. 
Published: July 2021

Background and aim. The year 2020 will remain in the medical history as the year of COVID-19 pandemic. Although COVID-19 is considered mainly a respiratory disease, it is well known now that SARS-CoV-2 can affect major organs including the digestive system. This is a comprehensive review on gastrointestinal involvement in the SARS-CoV-2 infection, also the digestive damage due to COVID-19.
Methods. A literature search was undertaken in main databases of medical publications following the search items digestive or gastrointestinal or gastric or enteral and SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19. Data on gastrointestinal symptoms and alterations in this viral condition were collected and presented. Only observational studies were included.
Results. In this review we discuss the recent information on the relationship between COVID-19 and the digestive system. The putative underlying pathogenic mechanisms of COVID-19 as well as the clinical findings in relation to gastrointestinal changes are presented.
Conclusions. SARS-CoV-2 virus can affect any part of the digestive system. Patients with chronic diseases are at greatest risk of adverse out-comes. There is a considerable risk for drug-drug interactions in patients who require a large treatment schedule.
Parameter Uji Fisik dan Uji Kimiawi Pada Tingkat Kesegaran Ikan Ekor Kuning (Cassio cuning) di Pedagang Keliling Kota Makassar
Authors: Maskur Muhammad , Najih Mohammad Roin 
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara parameter uji fisik (suhu dan pH) dengan parameter uji kimiawi (total volatile base dan angka peroksida) terhadap tingkat kesegaran ikan ekor kuning (Cassio cuning) pada pedagang keliling di kota makassar. Data hasil pengukuran terhadap suhu, pH, TVB, dan angka peroksida dianalisis menggunakan Anova selanjutnya hasil analisis yang signifikan diuji lanjut menggunakan uji LSD untuk mengetahui perbedaan antar titik penjualan. Hubungan antar parameter yang diukur selanjutnya dianalisa menggunakan regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Nilai hubungan suhu dan pH ikan ekor kuning yaitu pada suhu 18,83°C nilai pH 6,64 (TPI Paotere), suhu 17,54°C nilai pH 6,60 (titik penjualan kedua) dan suhu 24,96°C nilai pH 6,61 ((titik penjualan ketiga). Nilai hubungan suhu dan TVB pada ikan ekor kuning yaitu pada suhu 18,83°C kadar TVB 13,12 mgN/100g (TPI Paotere), suhu 17,54°C kadar TVB 17,12 mgN/100g (titik penjualan kedua), dan suhu 24,96°C kadar TVB 19,93 mgN/100g (titik penjualan ketiga). Nilai hubungan suhu dengan angka peroksida pada ikan ekor kuning yaitu pada suhu 18,83°C angka peroksida 11,46 mEq/kg (TPI Paotere), suhu 17,54°C angka peroksida 22,32 mEq/kg (titik penjualan kedua), dan suhu 24,96°C angka peroksida 23,91 mEq/kg (titik penjualan ketiga). Nilai hubungan pH dengan kadar TVB pada ikan ekor kuning yaitu nilai pH 6,64 kadar TVB 13,13 mgN/100g (TPI Paotere), nilai pH 6,60 kadar TVB 17,12 mgN/100g (titik penjualan kedua), dan nilai pH 6,61 kadar TVB 19,93 mgN/100g (titik penjualan ketiga). Nilai hubungan pH dengan angka peroksida pada ikan ekor kuning yaitu nilai pH 6,64 angka peroksida 11,46 mEq/kg (TPI Paotere), nilai pH 6,60 angka peroksida 22,32 mEq/kg (titik penjualan kedua) dan nilai pH 6,61 angka peroksida 23,91 mEq/kg (titik penjualan ketiga).
Syndromic immunodeficiencies: a pediatrician’s perspective on selected diseases
Authors: Szczawinska-Poplonyk Aleksandra , Begier Kinga , Dorota Alicja , Dabrowska Monika , Galecka Dominika , Wawrzeniak Kamila , Wroblewski Kamil 
Published: July 2021

Background: Syndromic immunodeficiencies are a genetically and pathophysiologically heterogeneous group of inborn errors of immunity. These are characterized by multiple extra immune clinical symptoms and a wide range of immunological phenotypes with increased susceptibility to infections, autoimmune phenomena, immune dysregulation, organ-specificpathology, and malignancy.Objective: To increase the pediatricians’ awareness of this multifaceted group of primary immunodeficiencies in children.Methods: A comprehensive review of genetic background and clinical symptomatology of syndromic immunodeficiencies as well as current diagnostic approach and treatment modalities.Results: From the pediatrician’s perspective, an early-life diagnosis of syndromic immunodeficiencies, which is frequently indispensable for successful life-saving immunocorrection, poses a diagnostic challenge. Increased pediatricians’ awareness to recognize signs and symptoms of these diseases in affected children is of paramount importance. Current advances in molecular biotechnology and immunogenetics, resulting in the implementation of newborn screening and new-generation sequencing, provide informative tools for definitive diagnosis and, in many new disease entities, for their definition and genotype–phenotype delineation and correlation.Conclusions: A broad spectrum of clinical phenotypes in children with syndromic primary immunodeficiencies requires pediatrician’s special attention, that is, individualized multidisciplinary approach under the supervision of a clinical immunologist.
Antecedentes e consequentes do processo de obtenção e renovação do Certificado de Entidades Beneficentes de Assistência Social (Cebas)
Authors: Pinheiro Ian Blois , D'Angelo Marcia 
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: Compreender de forma holística os antecedentes e consequentes do processo de obtenção e renovação do Certificado de Entidades Beneficentes de Assistência Social (CEBAS).
Método: Pesquisa qualitativa-quantitativa com dados primários (questionário e entrevistas semiestruturadas) e secundários (documentos disponibilizados nos sites dos ministérios) analisados por meio da Templates Analysis e da estatística descritiva.
Resultados: As evidências indicam seis antecedentes (evidenciação contábil, capacitação e profissionalização das organizações do terceiro setor (OTS) e dos contadores, auditoria externa, insegurança jurídica e outras situações) e quatro consequentes (imunidade tributária, credibilidade das OTS, captação de recursos e mudança cultural) da certificação CEBAS. Também indicam as vulnerabilidades controláveis e não controláveis nos antecedentes a serem enfrentadas pelos atores sociais envolvidos com esse processo. A imunidade tributária ainda é um dos principais consequentes desse processo, ou seja, algumas OTS não valorizam essa certificação para outros benefícios, como o aumento da credibilidade e, por conseguinte, aumento da captação de recursos.
Contribuições: Para a contabilidade voltada à sustentabilidade, no tocante à formulação de políticas públicas para apoiar o fortalecimento da gestão das OTS. O estudo alerta para a perda de oportunidades de aumentar a quantidade de doadores, nos níveis individual e organizacional, expondo a miopia dessa certificação. Para ampliar a literatura sobre certificações ao propor um modelo conceitual para ser testado em futuras pesquisas quantitativas.
Extremal bounds on thePvelocity in the Earth's core
Authors: Johnson Lane R. , Lee Richard C. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractGlobal travel-time data from the ISC Bulletin were used to determine the function τ(p) for core phases. Estimates were obtained for the AB, BC, DE, and EF branches of the PKP phase and also for the SKS and SKKS phases. The data were all analyzed in a uniform manner to yield 31 estimates of τ(p) and its uncertainty at the 99.9 per cent confidence level in a range of p which covers most of the core. The effects of the mantle were removed with the PREM velocity models.The extremal bounds on the P velocity in the core were estimated at the joint confidence level of 97 per cent. The average width of the velocity bounds is about 0.6 km/sec, with the major source of uncertainty coming from the SKS and SKKS data. The outer core-inner core transition zone is well constrained, and the results favor a simple fairly abrupt increase in velocity.
Determination of elastic wave velocity and relative hypocenter locations using refracted waves. I. Methodology
Authors: Shedlock Kaye M. , Roecker Steven W. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
An arrival time difference method utilizing refracted arrivals from earthquakes in a homogeneous, layered earth model has been developed for the simultaneous determination of near-source (in situ) velocity and relative locations of earthquakes. The method is particularly applicable when analyzing data from arrays in which most of the recording stations are far (i.e., several focal depths) from a group of events. This iterative scheme locates earthquakes relative to a master event and performs an inversion for in situ velocity using a generalized inverseleast squares estimation procedure. Direct arrivals, when available, may be included to stabilize the inversion and increase the accuracy of the event locations. We tested this scheme on artificial data contaminated by random and systematic arrival time errors, gaps in azimuthal coverage, and inaccuracies in the assumed velocity model. As usual, depth is the least well-resolved hypocenter coordinate, but this scheme yielded accurate locations of most events while converging to the correct velocity model.
Induced seismicity at the LG3 reservoir, James Bay, Quebec, Canada
Authors: Anglin F. M. , Buchbinder G. G. R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe filling of the second reservoir, LG3, in the James Bay hydroelectric development has resulted in a number of small induced earthquakes up to magnitude 3.7. The activity has occurred in two main areas, one of which can be associated with the previously mapped LG3 fault and the other with the intersection of two dominant regional structures. The significant induced activity started 7 months after filling commenced, when the water depth had reached 64 m, and continued for another 11 months. After a lull of about 6 months, a short burst of events, much more energetic than that during filling, occurred probably on the LG3 fault after a 2 m lowering of the water level. A further episode of seismicity occurred in the spring of 1984, also during the lowering of the water level. Based on the data available, it is suggested that postfilling seismicity permits one to isolate two classes of reservoirs from the general population of reservoirs, those with seismicity associated with refilling and those with seismicity associated with lowering water levels. LG3 belongs to the latter class where seismicity recurrs during lowering of a few meters of water.
The Popayán, Colombia, earthquake of 31 March 1983
Authors: Lomnitz Cinna , Hashizume Michio 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe Popayán earthquake of 1983 was a highly destructive, high mortality event (mb = 5.5). It was probably caused by the rupture of the Pubenza fault, a NNW-trending feature mapped on the basis of cracks in pavements and breaks in underground water pipes. Significant damage to modern construction was confined to an area within 1 km of the fault trace in the urban area. Near-field observations of upthrow and other effects suggest that the earthquake featured a high-amplitude pulse of the order of 1 g in the vicinity of the fault trace. Losses were of the order of $500 million.
Magnitude and seismic moment scales in western Yunnan, Peoples Republic of China
Authors: Bakun W. H. , Yizheng Li , Fischer F. G. , Yafu Jin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSeismograms and accelerograms from 77 earthquakes in 1982 to 1984 near the northwest end of the Red River fault in western Yunnan Province, Peoples Republic of China, have been used to calculate seismic moment, M0, and local magnitude, ML, using techniques established in California. For 112 ≲ ML ≲ 312, log M0 = 16.97 + (1.17 ± 0.05)ML, consistent with the log M0 − ML relation appropriate for central California. A comparison of these ML values and the coda duration magnitudes M and S-wave amplitude magnitudes M˜ assigned by the Seismological Bureau of Yunnan Province suggests that M and M˜ values are generally larger than the ML values. For 1.7 ≦ M ≦ 5.3, ML = 0.49 + (0.67 ± 0.04) M and log M0 = 17.30 + (0.86 ± 0.04) M. For 2.0 ≦ M˜ ≦ 5.4, ML = 0.24 + (0.76 ± 0.05)M˜ and log M0 = 17.06 + (0.95 ± 0.05)M˜.
The validity of ray theory approximations for the computation of teleseismicSVwaves
Authors: Langston Charles A. , Baag Chang-Eob 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTeleseismic SV waves have been generally ignored in wave propagation and source studies because of known complications in wave propagation for structure near the source and near the receiver. The validity of common optic ray and WKBJ seismogram methods for computing SV synthetic seismograms is examined by computing synthetic seismograms using these techniques and comparing them to SV synthetics produced from a wavenumber integration technique. Both ray methods give a poor approximation to the wave propagation for distances less than 60°. Diffracted Sp and the SPL wave interfere with near-source phases, such as S, pS, and sS for a shallow seismic source, producing anomalously high amplitudes and complex waveforms in agreement with observational experience. Because of the Moho Sp and diffracted Sp phases, the vertical component of motion shows greater distortion, relative to the ray theory result, than does the radial component of motion. Ray theory appears to be appropriate for the initial 20 sec of the SV wave train from a shallow source for ranges greater than 60°. SV waves from deep sources are less affected by diffracted Sp and SPL than SV from shallow sources.