bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of ultrasonic-assisted CNC cutting of honeycomb cores
Authors: Mu Dongfang , Hu Xiaoping , Yu Haofeng , Yu Baohua 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAs compared to traditional milling, ultrasonic-assisted cutting of honeycomb core materials has the advantages of small cutting force and superior surface quality. Currently, ultrasonic straight blade V-shaped machining is one of the most efficient roughing processes. The requirement of a processing path to be post-processed based on the processing characteristics of the straight blade cutter is one of the key issues faced while meeting the technological requirements of CNC machine tools for V-shaped machining. A post-processing method of NC code for V-shaped machining of straight blade cutter is proposed in this article. Initially, the V-shaped rough machining process planning is done, followed by the usage of Unigraphics (UG) to output the initial CNC code. Next, the CNC code is executed through the three key technologies of the second arrangement of cutter locations. Later, research is done on information planning of lifting and lowering cutter, along with research on planning of chip breaking toolpath. Eventually, the simulation cutting experiment is carried out through VERICUT. The results demonstrate that the post-processing method can meet the processing requirements.
Large-Amplitude Steady Downstream Water Waves
Authors: Constantin Adrian , Strauss Walter , Vărvărucă Eugen 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe study wave-current interactions in two-dimensional water flows of constant vorticity over a flat bed. For large-amplitude periodic traveling gravity waves that propagate at the water surface in the same direction as the underlying current (downstream waves), we prove explicit uniform bounds for their amplitude. In particular, our estimates show that the maximum amplitude of the waves becomes vanishingly small as the vorticity increases without limit. We also prove that the downstream waves on a global bifurcating branch are never overhanging, and that their mass flux and Bernoulli constant are uniformly bounded.
Management of Adult Intussusception—A Case Series Experience from a Tertiary Center
Authors: Neymark Mariya , Abramov Roi , Dronov Maria , Gilshtein Hayim 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe management of intussusception is controversial. Clinical presentation, with the aid of imaging modalities, enables a better selection of patients for the appropriate treatment algorithm. Conservative management versus surgical intervention with bowel resection is considered accordingly.MethodsRetrospective review of a computerized database of patients who were admitted with intussusception between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2020, in a single tertiary center in Israel. Patients who were treated conservatively were compared to those who underwent surgery. Patients who underwent bowel resection were compared to those that had surgery without a resection.ResultsA total of 76 patients were diagnosed with intussusception, and 49 were operated. Bowel resection was performed in 32 cases. 20/76(26%) were successfully managed conservatively. Patients with a lead point (OR = 5.59) and colonic involvement (OR = 13.72) had a higher likelihood for resection. The likelihood of bowel resection was found to be significantly lower with proximal small bowel intussusception (OR = 0.071).ConclusionYoung patients presenting with intussusception may be treated conservatively when adequate criteria are met in order to avoid unnecessary surgical interventions.
Polyp dropout in a solitary cold-water coral
Authors: Laudien Jürgen , Heran Thomas , Häussermann Vreni , Försterra Günter , Schmidt-Grieb Gertraud M. , Richter Claudio 
Published: August 2021

AbstractScleractinian corals feature both sessile and mobile stages and diverse modes of development. In some cases, development can be reversed. Examples include polyp detachment in response to environmental stress (bail-out or polyp expulsion) and reverse metamorphosis, where juveniles detach from the primary skeleton and revert to the mobile stage. Here, we provide aquaria and field evidence of a new form of reverse development: polyp dropout in the solitary cold-water coral Caryophyllia huinayensis. It features tissue retraction and detachment of an entire adult polyp from the skeleton in the putative absence of a stressor. The dropout polyp remains viable and continues to live for many weeks, albeit in a rather collapsed state lacking a well-developed hydroskeleton. We carried out a long-term (37 months) rearing experiment under constant aquaria conditions and found polyp dropout in four out of 83 individuals. Detachment was accompanied by the extrusion of mesenterial filaments through perforations in the body wall. We believe this resulted in the loss of the hydroskeleton, which prevented the dropouts to subsequently resettle or form a new skeleton. As opposed to other known forms of reverse development, the new form is not accompanied by reversible metamorphosis, abandonment of the colonial way of life, nor is it a survival or asexual reproduction strategy. We found field indications of polyp dropout in Patagonian field populations of C. huinayensis, where 1.4 ± 0.8% (mean ± SD, N = 9322) of the polyps of the natural population showed partial detachment indicative of imminent dropout in the putative absence of external impact. Polyp dropout is the first record of polyp detachment in a solitary CWC with possible repercussions for adult coral mobility, evolution and Stanley’s (2003) ‘naked coral’ hypothesis.
Anticipation of aversive visual stimuli lengthens perceived temporal duration
Authors: Harjunen Ville Johannes , Spapé Michiel , Ravaja Niklas 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSubjective estimates of elapsed time are sensitive to the fluctuations in an emotional state. While it is well known that dangerous and threatening situations, such as electric shocks or loud noises, are perceived as lasting longer than safe events, it remains unclear whether anticipating a threatening event speeds up or slows down subjective time and what defines the direction of the distortion. We examined whether the anticipation of uncertain visual aversive events resulted in either underestimation or overestimation of perceived duration. The participants did a temporal bisection task, where they estimated durations of visual cues relative to previously learnt long and short standard durations. The colour of the to-be-timed visual cue signalled either a 50% or 0% probability of encountering an aversive image at the end of the interval. The cue durations were found to be overestimated due to anticipation of aversive images, even when no image was shown afterwards. Moreover, the overestimation was more pronounced in people who reported feeling more anxious while anticipating the image. These results demonstrate that anxiogenic anticipation of uncertain visual threats induce temporal overestimation, which questions a recently proposed view that temporal underestimation evoked by uncertain threats is due to anxiety.
Anticipatory approach for dynamic and stochastic shipment matching in hinterland synchromodal transportation
Authors: Guo Wenjing , Atasoy Bilge , van Blokland Wouter Beelaerts , Negenborn Rudy R. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper investigates a dynamic and stochastic shipment matching problem faced by network operators in hinterland synchromodal transportation. We consider a platform that receives contractual and spot shipment requests from shippers, and receives multimodal services from carriers. The platform aims to provide optimal matches between shipment requests and multimodal services within a finite horizon under spot request uncertainty. Due to the capacity limitation of multimodal services, the matching decisions made for current requests will affect the ability to make good matches for future requests. To solve the problem, this paper proposes an anticipatory approach which consists of a rolling horizon framework that handles dynamic events, a sample average approximation method that addresses uncertainties, and a progressive hedging algorithm that generates solutions at each decision epoch. Compared with the greedy approach which is commonly used in practice, the anticipatory approach has total cost savings up to 8.18% under realistic instances. The experimental results highlight the benefits of incorporating stochastic information in dynamic decision making processes of the synchromodal matching system.
Clearinghouse Standards of Evidence on the Transparency, Openness, and Reproducibility of Intervention Evaluations
Authors: Mayo-Wilson Evan , Grant Sean , Supplee Lauren H. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractClearinghouses are influential repositories of information on the effectiveness of social interventions. To identify which interventions are “evidence-based,” clearinghouses review intervention evaluations using published standards of evidence that focus primarily on internal validity and causal inferences. Open science practices can improve trust in evidence from evaluations on the effectiveness of social interventions. Including open science practices in clearinghouse standards of evidence is one of many efforts that could increase confidence in designations of interventions as “evidence-based.” In this study, we examined the policies, procedures, and practices of 10 federal evidence clearinghouses that review preventive interventions—an important and influential subset of all evidence clearinghouses. We found that seven consider at least one open science practice when evaluating interventions: replication (6 of 10 clearinghouses), public availability of results (6), investigator conflicts of interest (3), design and analysis transparency (3), study registration (2), and protocol sharing (1). We did not identify any policies, procedures, or practices related to analysis plan registration, data sharing, code sharing, material sharing, and citation standards. We provide a framework with specific recommendations to help federal and other evidence clearinghouses implement the Transparency and Openness Promotion (TOP) Guidelines. Our proposed “TOP Guidelines for Clearinghouses” includes reporting whether evaluations used open science practices, incorporating open science practices in their standards for receiving “evidence-based” designations, and verifying that evaluations used open science practices. Doing so could increase the trustworthiness of evidence used for policy making and support improvements throughout the evidence ecosystem.
Monitoring experts: insights from the introduction of video assistant referee (VAR) in elite football
Authors: Holder Ulrike , Ehrmann Thomas , König Arne 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAlong with incentive schemes, another well-established way to align the interests of principals and agents and, consequently, to reduce and eliminate biases and errors is the practice of monitoring. Considering the monitoring of experts, we evaluate the introduction of the most recent monitoring technology in football, the virtual assistant referee (VAR). Focusing on the German Bundesliga and the Italian Serie A, we analyse whether VAR has changed referees’ decision-making behaviour and, in particular, whether this led to changes in referees’ well-documented preferential treatment of home teams. By doing so, we use the introduction of VAR as a natural experiment to examine whether VAR can help overcome inefficiencies in referees’ decision-making and whether it exposes any inefficiencies in the referee selection system. Ex ante (in-)efficiency would imply that few (many) changes in referee decisions are seen after the VAR introduction. Our results suggest, generally, that VAR impacts referees’ decision-making. We confirm current research and conclude that prior to the introduction of the VAR, the home team tends to be favoured with respect to awarded penalty kicks, red cards and the amount of added time in games containing either penalty kicks or red cards. However, because the home bias only partially decreased with the introduction of VAR, it seems that the bias emerges more as a result of the advantages of playing in one’s local surroundings than of the referees’ decisions. We further show that VAR interventions do not correlate with referees’ experience levels. Overall, these modest findings and even non-existent differences indicate that home bias occurs for reasons other than referees, suggesting that the process for training, promoting, and selecting referees at the highest league works well. Finally, our findings suggest that the VAR implementation is aimed at purposes other than classic agent monitoring.
Distributions for Nonsymmetric Monotone and Weakly Monotone Position Operators
Authors: Crismale Vitonofrio , Griseta Maria Elena , Wysoczański Janusz 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe study the vacuum distribution, under an appropriate scaling, of a family of partial sums of nonsymmetric position operators on weakly monotone and monotone Fock spaces, respectively. We preliminary treat the case of weakly monotone Fock space, and show that any single operator has the vacuum law belonging to the free Meixner class. After establishing some relations between the combinatorics of Motzkin and Riordan paths, we give a recursive formula for the vacuum moments of the law of any finite sum. Since the operators are monotone independent, the distribution is the monotone convolution of the free Meixner law above. We also investigate the asymptotic measure for these sums, which can be seen as “Poisson type” limit law. It turns out to belong to the free Meixner class, with an atomic and an absolutely continuous part (w.r.t. the Lebesgue measure). Finally, we briefly apply analogous considerations to the case of monotone Fock space.
Resonance assignment and secondary structure of DbpA protein from the European species, Borrelia afzelii
Authors: Hejduk Libor , Rathner Petr , Strnad Martin , Grubhoffer Libor , Sterba Jan , Rego Ryan O. M. , Müller Norbert , Rathner Adriana 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDecorin binding proteins (Dbps) mediate attachment of spirochetes in host organisms during the early stages of Lyme disease infection. Previously, different binding mechanisms of Dbps to glycosaminoglycans have been elucidated for the pathogenic species Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto and B. afzelii. We are investigating various European Borrelia spirochetes and their interactions at the atomic level using NMR. We report preparative scale recombinant expression of uniformly stable isotope enriched B. afzelii DbpA in Escherichia coli, its chromatographic purification, and solution NMR assignments of its backbone and sidechain 1H, 13C, and 15N atoms. This data was used to predict secondary structure propensity, which we compared to the North American B. burgdorferi sensu stricto and European B. garinii DbpA for which solution NMR structures had been determined previously. Backbone dynamics of DbpA from B. afzelii were elucidated from spin relaxation and heteronuclear NOE experiments. NMR-based secondary structure analysis together with the backbone dynamics characterization provided a first look into structural differences of B. afzelii DbpA compared to the North American species and will serve as the basis for further investigation of how these changes affect interactions with host components.
Development of a methodology for real-time retrieving and viewing of spatial data in emergency scenarios
Authors: Alamouri Ahmed , Hassan Mohammad , Gerke Markus 
Published: August 2021

AbstractQuick response in emergency situations is crucial, because any delay can result in dramatic consequences and potentially human losses. Therefore, many institutions/authorities are relying on development of strategies for emergency management, specially to have a quick response process using modern technologies like unmanned aerial vehicles. A key factor affecting this process is to have a quick geo-situation report of the emergency in real time, which reflects the current emergency situation and supports in right decision-making. Providing such geo-reports is still not an easy task because—in most cases—a priori known spatial data like map data (raster/vector) or geodatabases are outdated, and anyway would not provide an overview on the current situation. Therefore, this paper introduces a management methodology of spatial data focusing on enabling a free access and viewing the data of interest in real time and in situ to support emergency managers. The results of this work are twofold: on the one hand, an automated mechanism for spatial data synchronization and streaming was developed and on the other hand, a spatial data sharing concept was realized using web map tile service. For results assessment, an experimental framework through the joint research project ANKommEn (English acronym: Automated Navigation and Communication for Exploration) was implemented. The assessment procedure was achieved based on specific evaluation criteria like time consumption and performance and showed that the developed methodology can help in overcoming some of existing challenges and addressing the practically relevant questions concerning on the complexity in spatial data sharing and retrieval.
Detection of ultra-weak photon emission in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) infested by two spotted-spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch-research note
Authors: Pónya Zsolt , Jócsák Ildikó , Keszthelyi Sándor 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSunflower production plays an important role in global industrial oil production. Two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, is a dangerous, polyphagous arthropod pest with a cosmopolitan distribution, which can endanger the economic features of global sunflower production. It is widely known that pests trigger various reactions in host plants. Among these, detection of ultra-weak photon emission (UPE) enhanced upon infestation is a novel, non-invasive method suitable for the visualisation and monitoring of both biotic and abiotic stress in living tissues. In the present study, the increase in ultra-weak UPE triggered by biotic stress caused by T. urticae in Helianthus annuus was measured. UPE response of injured plants differed from that of the control plants, which was reflected by a difference in bioluminescence intensity. In leaves attacked by T. urticae the onset value of average photon count detected by the sensor and expressed in cps (counts per second) was one order of magnitude higher on average as compared to that revealed by uninjured leaves. Furthermore, UPE emission in infested leaves resulted in an abrupt decrease in the ultra-weak photon emission intensity when assayed as a function of time. The use of this non-invasive imaging technique has allowed the detection of the injury induced by T. urticae, as a biotic stressor.
Central vascular ligation and mesentery based abdominal surgery
Authors: Franceschilli M. , Vinci D. , Di Carlo S. , Sensi B. , Siragusa L. , Guida A. , Rossi P. , Bellato V. , Caronna R. , Sibio S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn the nineteenth century the idea of a correct surgical approach in oncologic surgery moved towards a good lymphadenectomy. In colon cancer the segment is removed with adjacent mesentery, in gastric cancer or pancreatic cancer a good oncologic resection is obtained with adequate lymphadenectomy. Many guidelines propose a minimal lymph node count that the surgeon must obtain. Therefore, it is essential to understand the adequate extent of lymphadenectomy to be performed in cancer surgery. In this review of the current literature, the focus is on “central vascular ligation”, understood as radical lymphadenectomy in upper and lower gastrointestinal cancer, the evolution of this approach during the years and the improvement of laparoscopic techniques. For what concerns laparoscopic surgery, the main goal is to minimize post-operative trauma introducing the “less is more” concept whilst preserving attention for oncological outcomes. This review will demonstrate the importance of a scientifically based standardization of oncologic gastrointestinal surgery, especially in relation to the expansion of minimally invasive surgery and underlines the importance to further investigate through new randomized trials the role of extended lymphadenectomy in the new era of a multimodal approach, and most importantly, an era where minimally invasive techniques and the idea of “less is more” are becoming the standard thought for the surgical approach.
The applicability of mathematics in computational systems biology and its experimental relations
Authors: MacLeod Miles 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn 1966 Richard Levins argued that applications of mathematics to population biology faced various constraints which forced mathematical modelers to trade-off at least one of realism, precision, or generality in their approach. Much traditional mathematical modeling in biology has prioritized generality and precision in the place of realism through strategies of idealization and simplification. This has at times created tensions with experimental biologists. The past 20 years however has seen an explosion in mathematical modeling of biological systems with the rise of modern computational systems biology and many new collaborations between modelers and experimenters. In this paper I argue that many of these collaborations revolve around detail-driven modeling practices which in Levins’ terms trade-off generality for realism and precision. These practices apply mathematics by working from detailed accounts of biological systems, rather than from initially idealized or simplified representations. This is possible by virtue of modern computation. The form these practices take today suggest however Levins’ constraints on mathematical application no longer apply, transforming our understanding of what is possible with mathematics in biology. Further the engagement with realism and the ability to push realistic models in new directions aligns well with the epistemological and methodological views of experimenters, which helps explain their increased enthusiasm for biological modeling.
Aortic Valve Neocuspidization Using Autologous Pericardium (Ozaki Procedure): an Alternative to Aortic Valve Replacement in Adult Cardiac Surgery?
Authors: Koechlin Luca , Eckstein Friedrich S. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose of the Review
The aim of this article is to describe the technique of aortic valve neocuspidization using autologous pericardium (AVNeo, “OZAKI procedure”) in adult cardiac surgery, to analyze recent findings, and to discuss benefits and limitations of this technique.

Recent Findings
Potential benefits of this technique include excellent hemodynamic performances, minimal use of foreign material, low rates of permanent pacemaker implantation, and omission of oral anticoagulation. However, data regarding the durability of the procedure are hitherto limited, and the procedure is associated with a higher complexity compared to aortic valve replacement.

Summary
AVNeo using autologous pericardium in adult cardiac surgery is a promising technique providing several benefits. However, there is a major unmet need for more data, especially regarding long-term durability. Thus, based on currently available data, we recommend careful patient selection within the heart team and shared decision-making with the informed patient.