bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feature selection to classify lameness using a smartphone-based inertial measurement unit
Authors: Arita Satoshi , Nishiyama Daisuke , Taniguchi Takaya , Fukui Daisuke , Yamanaka Manabu , Yamada Hiroshi 
Published: September 2021

Background and objectives
Gait can be severely affected by pain, muscle weakness, and aging resulting in lameness. Despite the high incidence of lameness, there are no studies on the features that are useful for classifying lameness patterns. Therefore, we aimed to identify features of high importance for classifying population differences in lameness patterns using an inertial measurement unit mounted above the sacral region.

Methods
Features computed exhaustively for multidimensional time series consisting of three-axis angular velocities and three-axis acceleration were carefully selected using the Benjamini–Yekutieli procedure, and multiclass classification was performed using LightGBM (Microsoft Corp., Redmond, WA, USA). We calculated the relative importance of the features that contributed to the classification task in machine learning.

Results
The most important feature was found to be the absolute value of the Fourier coefficients of the second frequency calculated by the one-dimensional discrete Fourier transform for real input. This was determined by the fast Fourier transformation algorithm using data of a single gait cycle of the yaw angular velocity of the pelvic region.

Conclusions
Using an inertial measurement unit worn over the sacral region, we determined a set of features of high importance for classifying differences in lameness patterns based on different factors. This completely new set of indicators can be used to advance the understanding of lameness.
Proces wytłaczania jednoślimakowego z zastosowaniem dozownika − zwiększanie skali
Authors: Nastaj Andrzej 
Published: September 2021

Opracowano metodę zwiększania skali procesu wytłaczania jednoślimakowego z dozowaniem tworzywa przy użyciu dozownika. Badania przeprowadzono na podstawie modelu komputerowego procesu przy zastosowaniu algorytmów genetycznych (technik ewolucyjnych). Podstawę metody stanowi program symulacji procesu wytłaczania GSEM (Global Screw Extrusion Model), który jest źródłem danych do optymalizacji, oraz specjalnie opracowany program zwiększania skali procesu GASES ST (Genetic Algorithm Screw Extrusion Scaling for Starve). Prace dotyczyły zmiany skali z poziomu wytłaczarki o średnicy ślimaka D = 45 mm do poziomu wytłaczarki o D = 60, przy zachowaniu takiego samego stosunku L/D. Na podstawie symulacji zoptymalizowano szybkość obrotową ślimaka wytłaczarki, temperaturę poszczególnych stref układu uplastyczniającego i szybkość dozowania. Proces przeprowadzono wg kryterium minimalnego jednostkowego zużycia energii, maksymalnej szybkości uplastyczniania i najniższej temperatury tworzywa na wyjściu z głowicy.
Modellheuristiken für effizientes forward model learning
Authors: Dockhorn Alexander , Kruse Rudolf 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungForward Model Learning, also das Erlernen vorwärtsgerichteter Modelle aus Daten, findet Anwendung in der vorhersagebasierten Regelung. Dazu werden Ein- und Ausgaben des Systems beobachtet, um ein Transitionsmodell zu erstellen und Vorhersagen über zukünftige Zeitschritte zu ermöglichen. Insbesondere komplexe Zustandsräume erfordern den Einsatz von spezialisierten Such- und Modellbildungsverfahren. In dieser Arbeit stellen wir Abstraktionsheuristiken für hochdimensionale Zustandsräume vor, welche es ermöglichen, die Modellkomplexität zu reduzieren und in vielen Fällen ein interpretierbares Ergebnis herbeizuführen. In zwei Fallstudien zeigen wir die Wirksamkeit des vorgestellten Verfahrens anhand von Methoden der Künstlichen Intelligenz in Spielen und in Motion Control Szenarien. Deren Übertragung ermöglicht vielversprechende Anwendungen in der Automatisierungstechnik.
Behavior study of EDEU optical code for FE-OCDMA system
Authors: Bouarfa Abdelkader 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The increase in the cardinality of the frequency encoding-optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) system directly affects the length of the optical code, which leads us to find a less expensive solution. In this work, I propose an improved version of the diagonal eigenvalue Unit code (DEU) called Enhanced diagonal eigenvalue Unit code (EDEU) that is much easier in terms of construction and short in code length compared to the DEU code. The results found showed that the performance of the EDEU code exceeds the DEU code in terms of bit error rate (BER), and allowed us to multiplex about 15 more users when using the EDEU code compared to the system using the DEU code. As a result, the EDEU code is very suitable for use in access and OCDMA systems and it can be seen as a strong competitor to existing codes.
Conciliatory Views on Peer Disagreement and the Order of Evidence Acquisition
Authors: Weber Marc Andree 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The evidence that we get from peer disagreement is especially problematic from a Bayesian point of view since the belief revision caused by a piece of such evidence cannot be modelled along the lines of Bayesian conditionalisation. This paper explains how exactly this problem arises, what features of peer disagreements are responsible for it, and what lessons should be drawn for both the analysis of peer disagreements and Bayesian conditionalisation as a model of evidence acquisition. In particular, it is pointed out that the same characteristic of evidence from disagreement that explains the problems with Bayesian conditionalisation also suggests an interpretation of suspension of belief in terms of imprecise probabilities.
Stress and stem allomorphy in the Romance perfectum: emergence, typology, and motivations of a symbiotic relation
Authors: Herce Borja 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPerfective stem allomorphy and stress are morphological traits which interact in complex ways in Romance verbal inflection. This article surveys the whole range of variation of these traits across Romance varieties, typologizes the observed interactions between the two, and examines attested and unattested possibilities. A comparison between the modern-day and the original Latin systems suggests that there is a strong pan-Romance bias against having verbs with a concrete combination of properties: perfective root-stress and no perfective stem alternation. This is a combination of traits that would have frequently resulted in diagonal syncretisms between past and present given the phonological changes attested in the daughter languages. Homophony avoidance (and the adaptive-discriminative role of morphology more generally) are therefore argued to motivate the observed bias.
Educational program for orthopedic surgeons’ influences for osteoporosis
Authors: Zhuang Huafeng , Lin Shufeng , Li Yizhong , Cai Siqing , Wang Peiwen , Yu Haiming , Lin Jinkuang , Yao Xuedong , Xu Hao 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
In this retrospective study, we studied the impact of educational osteoporosis program on the rates of bone mineral density (BMD) assessment and bone turnover markers (BTM) and drug medications in the patients with hip fracture.

Methods
This retrospective research enrolled 651 patients aged ≥50 years who experienced hip fractures from January 2013 to December 2015. We recorded whether patients had received BMD assessment, BTM measurement, and anti-osteoporosis therapy during the period of hospitalization. Orthopedic surgeons were classified into the trained group and the untrained group. The rates of BMD assessment, BTM measurement, and anti-osteoporosis medications in the patients with hip fracture were compared between the trained group and the untrained group.

Results
BMD assessment was performed in 109/220 patients in the trained group and 142/431 patients in the untrained group. BTM measurements were performed in 130 patients in the trained group and 124 patients in the untrained group. Forty eight patients in the trained group and 63 patients in the untrained group received bisphosphonate medications.

Conclusions
Although the rates of BMD assessment, BTM measurement, and bisphosphonate use in the patients after hip fractures are still insufficient, education programs help to improve the situation.
The families of Dutch terrorist suspects: Risk and protective factors among parents and siblings
Authors: Rodermond Elanie , Weerman Frank 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Newsmedia have regularly reported about acts of terrorism that involved members of the same family, but also about instances where one sibling becomes a terrorist, whereas the other becomes a successful, law-abiding citizen. The question is, then, to what extent family circumstances and individual risk factors impact on pathways towards these shared or divergent outcomes. To date, studies on the family characteristics of terrorist suspects have been hampered by a lack of empirical data, small sample sizes and non-representative samples. Using register data on individuals suspected of a terrorist offense in the Netherlands and their family members, the present study examines the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the families, as well as criminal, employment and education careers of individual family members (parents and brothers/sisters). We compare these characteristics with those of two control groups: suspects of non-terrorist offenses and a matched sample from the population. We also compared the terrorist suspects with matched siblings who were not suspected of a terrorist offence. We will end with a discussion of both risk and protective factors that are present within these families and that can put members of the same family on different pathways.
Introduction
Authors: Sacks David Harris 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
“Apocalypticism” and “Globalization” are not commonly juxtaposed to one another, with the former taken to begin in ancient times and the latter taken to be a modern phenomenon. This Forum explores the convergence of thoughts about the history of the world and the practices those thoughts engendered among the peoples of Western Europe and the Mediterranean region during the “early modern” era, roughly between 1400 and 1800. Scholars in history and the humanities commonly regard this period as a long transition in a “from-to” narrative when “pre-modern” institutions and intellectual and cultural traditions, characterized by the entanglements of the worldly with the divine, the temporal with the spiritual, the secular with the sacred, and the microcosm with the macrocosm, were transformed into “modernity” by the replacement of beliefs dependent on faith with knowledge established by reason. The essays in this Forum take a different approach by treating the development of modern understandings of the political, social and natural world as emerging from religiously-grounded discourse, debate, and practice in the early modern era.
Prophecy as Diplomacy in the Fifteenth-Century Mediterranean
Authors: Green-Mercado Mayte 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Late medieval and early modern diplomats and intermediaries drew on the authoritative language of prophecy, a language that conveyed divine threats to the current order, or divine sanctions of a new world. Because apocalyptic discourse has the capacity to conjure affective associations through its redemptive potential, its use in a diplomatic context seems to have been aimed at shaping the way individuals perceived the issues at hand. Based on a number of case studies from both Christian and Islamic contexts, this contribution renders it clear that it was precisely these cultural and political commonalities that made prophecy a recognizable political and diplomatic discourse. As a totalizing religio-political discourse, prophecy articulated the aspirations of a multitude of competing universalizing imperial projects that were emerging in the fifteenth century, which required diplomatic mediation.
On Mending the Peace of the World: Sir Francis Bacon’s Apocalyptic Irenicism
Authors: Sacks David Harris 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This essay is about irenicism and science, i.e. about the interrelationship between the quest for peace on earth and the quest for knowledge about the world. Both are global aspirations, the former focused on achieving concord among rival peoples and ideologies, nations, and religions; the latter on comprehending the earth and the heavens and the way the things in them are made. Sir Francis Bacon (1561–1626), Viscount St. Alban and sometime Lord Chancellor of England, who, citing in Latin the Biblical prophecy in Daniel 12:4 – “Many shall go to and fro, and knowledge shall be increased” – linked together the increase of geographical knowledge in his own day with the prospect for new discoveries in all fields of learning. For Bacon, the advancement of all branches knowledge, fated to come together in the same age, would in time bring religious unity and with it this-worldly peace, thereby paving the way for the fulfillment of the apocalyptical prophecy in the Book of Daniel, which in Christian discourse was interpreted to mean the Second Coming of Christ. This essay explores Bacon’s discussions of his aims and the methods he advocated as addressed the consequences of “discovery” for mending world back to its wholeness.
Domesticated Water: Four Early Neolithic Wells in Moravia (CZ)
Authors: Vostrovská Ivana , Tichý Radomír , Přichystal Michal , Muigg Bernhard , Urbanová Kristýna , Kalábková Pavlína 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Water wells are the most unique finds from the Early Neolithic period in Central Europe. These features provide unusual insight into societies and their settlements, as well as into the water management process. This article presents the updated results of material analyses and excavations of Early Neolithic wells at Mohelnice, Brno-Bohunice and Uničov in Moravia, Czech Republic. We studied the possibilities of the spatial and temporal distribution of wells on the example of these settlements. The social relation between the large longhouses and the wells in their immediate neighbourhood has not been proven. On the contrary, they could have been communal wells, serving the inhabitants of the entire settlement. Moreover, it turned out that in the Moravian region, geomorphological conditions were a key factor for choosing the location to build a well. By comparing radiocarbon dates, we estimated the time span of the existence of wells with respect to each other and to the settlements. Sealing and repairs of the well constructions prove that the first farmers maintained the wells over a long period of time. Studies of the well’s vertical sections shed light on its usage and decline; intentional backfilling of the well seems to have been common. Water management covered an entire cycle of activities, including the making of wooden buckets, which were mainly used for the pulling of water from wells.
Hans Kelsens Soziologieverständnis in den 1920er Jahren: Auch eine Geschichte einer Hinwendung?
Authors: Feldmann Malte 
Published: September 2021

Zusammenfassung
Der Rechtswissenschaftler Hans Kelsen steht aufgrund seiner berühmt-berüchtigten Kritik an Eugen Ehrlich ebenso wie seiner Verneinung der Möglichkeit eines soziologischen Staatsbegriffs im Ruf eines Kritikers, wenn nicht gar Feinds der Soziologie. Kaum vereinbar mit dieser Rezeption erscheint, dass sich der historische Kelsen im Jahre 1929 bemühte, Soziologe zu werden. Kelsen hätte sogar fast den Ruf auf die Oppenheimer-Nachfolge an der Universität Frankfurt erhalten. Dieses biographische Detail wird zum Anlass genommen, Hans Kelsens Soziologieverständnis in den 1920er Jahren zu untersuchen. Eine Spurensuche im Archivmaterial des Berufungsverfahrens sowie in Kelsens wichtigsten Monographien aus dieser Zeit ergibt, dass sich Kelsen selbst als Soziologe bezeichnete und einem „geisteswissenschaftlichen Verständnis“ der Soziologie verpflichtet sah. Dieses Soziologieverständnis Kelsens wird anhand verschiedener in seinen Schriften formulierter Anti-Standpunkte sowie seiner positiven Beschreibung des Aufgabenfelds der Soziologie ausführlich rekonstruiert. Kelsen zufolge kommt der Soziologie eine doppelte Aufgabe zu: Einerseits beschreibt sie normative Eigengesetzlichkeiten, andererseits verfolgt sie die kausalwissenschaftliche Fragestellung, unter welchen tatsächlichen Bedingungen eine Normvorstellung wirksam wird. Insgesamt ergibt sich hieraus der überraschende Befund, dass Kelsen in den 1920er Jahren eine Hinwendung zur Soziologie vollzog.
Factorial Analysis Quantifies the Effects of Pediatric Discharge Bundle on Hospital Readmission
Authors: Osorio Snezana Nena , Gage Sandra , Mallory Leah , Soung Paula , Satty Alexandra , Abramson Erika L. , Provost Lloyd , Cooperberg David 
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Factorial design of a natural experiment was used to quantify the benefit of individual and combined bundle elements from a 4-element discharge transition bundle (checklist, teach-back, handoff to outpatient providers, and postdischarge phone call) on 30-day readmission rates (RRs).

METHODS
A 24 factorial design matrix of 4 bundle element combinations was developed by using patient data (N = 7725) collected from January 2014 to December 2017 from 4 hospitals. Patients were classified into 3 clinical risk groups (CRGs): no chronic disease (CRG1), single chronic condition (CRG2), and complex chronic condition (CRG3). Estimated main effects of each bundle element and their interactions were evaluated by using Study-It software. Because of variation in subgroup size, important effects from the factorial analysis were determined by using weighted effect estimates.

RESULTS
RR in CRG1 was 3.5% (n = 4003), 4.1% in CRG2 (n = 1936), and 17.6% in CRG3 (n = 1786). Across the 3 CRGs, the number of subjects in the factorial groupings ranged from 16 to 674. The single most effective element in reducing RR was the checklist in CRG1 and CRG2 (reducing RR by 1.3% and 3.0%) and teach-back in CRG3 (by 4.7%) The combination of teach-back plus a checklist had the greatest effect on reducing RR in CRG3 by 5.3%.

CONCLUSIONS
The effect of bundle elements varied across risk groups, indicating that transition needs may vary on the basis of population. The combined use of teach-back plus a checklist had the greatest impact on reducing RR for medically complex patients.
Sequence-specific response of collagen-mimetic peptides to osmotic pressure
Authors: Ruiz-Rodriguez Lorena , Loche Philip , Hansen Lise Thornfeldt , Netz Roland R. , Fratzl Peter , Schneck Emanuel , Blank Kerstin G. , Bertinetti Luca 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Native collagen molecules usually contract upon dehydration, but the details of their interaction with water are poorly understood. Previous molecular modeling studies indicated a spatially inhomogeneous response, with a combination of local axial expansion and contraction. Such sequence-dependent effects are difficult to study with native collagen. In this article, we use collagen-mimetic peptides (CMPs) to investigate the effect of osmotic pressure on several collagen-mimetic sequences. Synchrotron x-ray diffraction combined with molecular dynamics simulations shows that CMPs pack differently depending on osmotic pressure and exhibit changes in the helical rise per residue of individual molecules. Infrared spectroscopy reveals that osmotic pressure affects the stability of the triple helix through changes in triple helix-stabilizing hydrogen bonds. Surprisingly, CMPs with the canonical collagen sequence glycine–proline–hydroxyproline are found to elongate upon dehydration, while sequence modifications are able to reverse this tendency. This strongly suggests that the overall contraction of native collagen molecules is not programmed into the canonical sequence but is specific to local amino acids that substitute for proline or hydroxyproline along the protein chain. Collagen is an essential protein in mammalian extracellular tissues and a better understanding of its mechanical function is important both from a materials science and from a biomedical viewpoint. Recently, collagen has been shown to contract along the fibre direction when subjected to osmotic stress, a process that could play important roles in strengthening bone and in developing tissue tension during extracellular matrix development. The present work uses collagen-like short peptides to show that the canonical collagen sequence is not responsible for this contraction. The conclusion is that the collagen amino acid sequence must have evolved to include guest sequences within the canonical glycine-proline-hydroxyproline repeat that provide the observed contractility.

Impact statement
Collagen is an essential protein in mammalian extracellular tissues and a better understanding of its mechanical function is important both from a materials science and from a biomedical viewpoint. Recently, collagen has been shown to contract along the fibre direction when subjected to osmotic stress, a process that could play important roles in strengthening bone and in developing tissue tension during extracellular matrix development. The present work uses collagen-like short peptides to show that the canonical collagen sequence is not responsible for this contraction. The conclusion is that the collagen amino acid sequence must have evolved to include guest sequences within the canonical glycine-proline-hydroxyproline that provide the observed contractility.

Graphic Abstract
AİLE DESTEKLEYİCİSİ İŞ ORTAMININ İŞ TATMİNİ VE İŞTEN AYRILMA EĞİLİMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİNDE İŞ-YAŞAM DENGESİNİN ARACI ROLÜ
Authors: ÇAM KAHRAMAN Fatma , DÜNDAR Gönen 
Published: September 2021

Denge pek çok alanda olduğu gibi, iş yaşamında bulunan bireyler açısından da önemlidir. Bir yandan işteki diğer yandan iş dışındaki sorumluluklarını yerine getirmeye çalışan bireyler zaman zaman bu dengeyi kurmakta zorlanmaktadırlar. Dengeyi sağlamada işgörenlerin kendi çabalarının dışında örgütün formal ve informal desteği, bireylerin iş-yaşam dengelerini daha iyi sağlamalarını, dengenin sağlanması da örgütsel sonuçları etkileyebilir. Bu doğrultuda mevcut araştırmada formal ve informal aile destekleyicisi iş ortamının iş tatmini ve işten ayrılma eğilimi üzerindeki etkisinde iş-yaşam dengesinin aracı rolünün incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ulusal literatürde rastlanmayan aile destekleyicisi iş ortamının farklı boyutlarıyla bütüncül bir şekilde incelenmesi önemlidir.
İstanbul, Kocaeli ve Kırklareli’de farklı sektörlerde çalışan 300 beyaz ve mavi yakalı işgörenden toplanan verilerin incelenmesi için Hiyerarşik Regresyon Analizi yapılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda aile destekleyicisi iş ortamının (formal ve informal) iş tatmini ve işten ayrılma eğilimi üzerindeki etkisinde iş-yaşam dengesinin kısmi aracı rolü olduğu saptanmıştır. İş-yaşam dengesinin kısmi aracı rolünün olması, bu modelde farklı değişkenlerin aracı rolünün olabileceğini göstermektedir. Gelecekte yapılacak araştırmalarda farklı değişkenlerin aracı rolünün incelenmesi alana katkı sağlayacaktır.