bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mutagenic and ecotoxicological assessment of urban surface runoff flowing to the beaches of Guarujá, State of São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Roveri Vinicius , Guimarães Luciana Lopes , Teodorico Correia Alberto 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Along the coast of the State of São Paulo, Brazil, urban drainage channels introduce a complex mixture of pollutants into the South Atlantic Ocean, that may cause deleterious effects to the aquatic biota. The objective of this study was to analyse, for the first time, the mutagenicity (Ames Salmonella/microsome test) and ecotoxicity (acute and chronic tests, with Daphnia simillis and Ceriodaphnia dubia, respectively) exerted by the diffuse loads discharged in Guarujá, São Paulo coast, Brazil. Water sampling occurred bimonthly between January and July 2018 (rainy season: January through March; dry season: May through July) at four beaches with different profiles of use and land occupation: Tombo (Blue Flag certification), Enseada (high use by tourists), Perequê (fishing community) and Iporanga (conservation unit). No mutagenic potential was detected in the complex mixtures flowing to the study beaches. However, 30 and 80% of the analyses showed acute and chronic toxicities, respectively, mainly in the Enseada and Perequê channels during the rainy season. To improve the environmental quality of these coastal waters and to reduce the ecological risks posed to the aquatic organisms and public health, several actions are imperative, such as the amelioration of the basic sanitation facilities and land regularisation actions.
LA INFORMALIDAD Y EL FINANCIAMIENTO DE LAS MICRO Y PEQUEÑAS EMPRESAS DEL SECTOR FORESTAL RUBRO COMPRA Y VENTA DE MADERA DEL DISTRITO DE YARINACOCHA, 2018.
Authors: Paima Paredes Rusvelth 
Published: May 2021

La investigación tuvo como objetivo general: Describir las características de la informalidad y el financiamiento en las micro y pequeñas empresas del sector forestal rubro compra y venta de madera del distrito de Yarinacocha, 2018. La investigación fue cuantitativo-descriptivo, no experimental-transversal-retrospectiva, para el recojo de la información se escogió en forma dirigida a 30 microempresarios, cuyos resultados fueron: Los representantes legales son personas adultas cuyas edades oscilan entre los 31 a más de 46 años de edad, en su mayoría son del sexo masculino, tienen estudios secundarios, y solo se dedican al comercio de madera, ello incrementa la informalidad, no conocen el régimen Mype tributario, desconocen que la Sunat brinda información para formalizar su negocio, creen que la formalización es costosa, consideran que las políticas tributarias en nuestro país no es la adecuada, no siendo manejada adecuadamente por la Sunat y en el distrito de Yarinacocha consideran a la informalidad inadecuado. Consideran que necesitan de financiamiento, cuentan con patrimonio suficiente para ser usada como garantía, no conocen los tipos de financiamiento, en su mayoría se autofinancian, cuando acuden a gestionar crédito les exigen sus constancia de posesión de su predio, consideran que el sistema financiero en el país no les proporcionan facilidades. Finalmente las Mypes estudiadas indicaron que perdieron utilidad por no acceder a financiamiento y precisan que su empresa ha obtenido ganancia en estos últimos años. Palabras clave: Informalidad, financiamiento, Mypes.
FACTORES DE RIESGO QUE GENERAN LA AGRESIVIDAD EN LOS NIÑOS Y NIÑAS DENTRO DEL CONTEXTO ESCOLAR DE LA INSTITUCIÓN EDUCATIVA ANORÍ, Y EL CENTRO EDUCATIVO RURAL LA HERMOSA DURANTE EL AÑO 2018, DEL MUNICIPIO DE ANORÍ
Authors: Rengifo Ortiz Santos Berlington 
Published: May 2021

El entorno escolar tiene una influencia decisiva en el comportamiento de los niños, niñas y jóvenes pues genera en ellos un sentimiento de competitividad y superioridad dentro del grupo. Acciones que recurren en actitudes agresivas que se presentan en eventos que desencadena en la expresión de superioridad o poder frente los demás. Pues ciertas condiciones proporcionan al niño señales de que su conducta agresiva puede tener consecuencias gratificantes. Los resultados de esta investigación confirman que la violencia escolar es el producto de una compleja combinación de variables, entre las que debe considerarse el entorno escolar, el entorno familiar y el entorno social. Los resultados encontrados deben conducir hacia una reflexión sobre los valores y conductas que desde los procesos de socialización trasmiten a nuestros estudiantes desde la Institución y el centro educativo rural del Municipio de Anorí. En consecuencia, y puesto que las experiencias escolares son parte significativa del proceso estudiantil donde se aprenden de los otros. Es necesario intervenir sobre aquello que representa una influencia negativa para él grupo, sobre todo si se tiene en cuenta que los problemas de violencia entre pares pueden ser la antesala de otras conductas problemáticas posteriores: abuso sexual, violencia en las relaciones de pareja o delincuencia.
Formalización del empleo y su impacto en el desempeño laboral de los trabajadores en el Distrito de Chimbote, 2018-2019
Authors: Carruitero Lecca Francisco Rogger , Martinez Flores Héctor Elvis , Benites Vásquez Tula Luz , Rojas Luján Victor Willian , Medina Sanjinéz Guillermo Evaristo 
Published: May 2021

El propósito de la investigación fue estudiar la formalización del empleo y su impacto desempeño laboral de los trabajadores en el Distrito de Chimbote, 2018-2019. El tipo de estudio es no experimental, correlacional causal transversal y los métodos de investigación aplicados fueron el inductivo, deductivo, el descriptivo y estadístico. La muestra fue determinada por 50 trabajadores informales y 50 trabajadores del sector formal, mediante el muestreo estadístico no probabilístico. Se utilizó la técnica de la encuesta con un cuestionario tipo escala de Likert. El análisis de la información se realizó empleando la estadística descriptiva e inferencial, como herramientas para el procesamiento de los datos se utilizó el programa estadístico SPSS, versión 23. Se concluye que existe un impacto significativo, de la formalización del empleo en el desempeño laboral de los trabajadores en el Distrito de Chimbote, 2018-2019; según el coeficiente de contingencia del estadístico de prueba Tau-b de Kendall el valor es τ= 0,845, con nivel de significancia menor al 5% de significancia estándar (P < 0,005). Así mismo se obtuvo como resultado que el 40%, de los trabajadores formales tienen un muy alto desempeño laboral.
Using Search Trends to Analyze Web-Based Interest in Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms-Related Inquiries, Diagnoses, and Treatments in Mainland China: Infodemiology Study of Baidu Index Data
Authors: Wei Shanzun , Ma Ming , Wu Changjing , Yu Botao , Jiang Lisha , Wen Xi , Fu Fudong , Shi Ming 
Published: May 2021

Background
Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are one of the most commonly described urination disorders worldwide. Previous investigations have focused predominantly on the prospective identification of cases that meet the researchers’ criteria; thus, the genuine demands regarding LUTS from patients and related issues may be neglected.

Objective
We aimed to examine web-based search trends and behaviors related to LUTS on a national and regional scale by using the dominant, major search engine in mainland China.

Methods
Baidu Index was queried by using LUTS-related terms for the period of January 2011 to September 2020. The search volume for each term was recorded to analyze search trends and demographic distributions. For user interest, user demand graph data and trend data were collected and analyzed.

Results
Of the 13 LUTS domains, 11 domains are available in the Baidu Index database. The Baidu search index for each LUTS domain varied from 37.78% to 1.47%. The search trends for urinary frequency (2011-2018: annual percent change APC=7.82%; P<.001), incomplete emptying (2011-2014: APC=17.74%; P<.001), nocturia (2011-2018: APC=11.54%; P<.001), dysuria (2017-2020: APC=20.77%; P<.001), and incontinence (2011-2016: APC=13.39%; P<.001) exhibited fluctuations over time. The search index trends for weak stream (2011-2017: APC=−4.68%; P<.001; 2017-2020: APC=9.32%; P=.23), split stream (2011-2013: APC=9.50%; P=.44; 2013-2020: APC=2.05%; P=.71), urgency (2011-2018: APC=−2.63%; P=.03; 2018-2020: APC=8.58%; P=.19), and nocturnal enuresis (2011-2018: APC=−3.20%; P=.001; 2018-2020: APC=−4.21%; P=.04) remained relatively stable and consistent. The age distribution of the population for all LUTS-related inquiries showed that individuals aged 20 to 40 years made 73.86% (49,218,123/66,635,247) of the total search inquiries. Further, individuals aged 40 to 49 years made 12.29% (8,193,922/66,635,247) of the total search inquiries for all LUTS-related terms. People from the east part of China made 67.79% (45,172,031/66,635,247) of the total search queries. Additionally, most of the searches for LUTS-related terms were related to those for urinary diseases to varying degrees.

Conclusions
Web-based interest in LUTS-related terms fluctuated wildly and was reflected timely by Baidu Index in mainland China. The web-based search popularity of each LUTS-related term varied significantly and differed based on personal interests, the population’s concerns, regional variations, and gender. These data can be used by care providers to track the prevalence of LUTS and the population’s interests, guide the establishment of disease-specific health care policies, and optimize physician-patient health care sessions.
Co-designing a Lifestyle-Focused Text Message Intervention for Women After Breast Cancer Treatment: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Singleton Anna , Raeside Rebecca , Partridge Stephanie R , Hayes Molly , Maka Katherine , Hyun Karice K , Thiagalingam Aravinda , Chow Clara K , Sherman Kerry A , Elder Elisabeth , Redfern Julie 
Published: May 2021

Background
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women globally. Recovery from breast cancer treatment can be mentally and physically challenging. SMS text message programs offer a novel way to provide health information and support, but few programs are co-designed with consumer representatives.

Objective
This study aims to report the procedures and outcomes of a co-design process of a lifestyle-focused SMS text message program to support women’s mental and physical health after breast cancer treatment.

Methods
We followed an iterative mixed methods two-step process: (1) co-design workshop with consumers and health professionals and researchers to draft text messages and (2) evaluation of message content, which was scored (5-point Likert scale; 1=strongly disagree to 5=strongly agree) for ease of understanding, usefulness, and appropriateness, and readability (Flesch-Kincaid score). Additional free-text responses and semistructured interviews were coded into themes. Messages were edited or deleted based on the evaluations, with consumers’ evaluations prioritized.

Results
In step 1, co-designed text messages (N=189) were semipersonalized, and the main content themes were (1) physical activity and healthy eating, (2) medications and side effects, (3) mental health, and (4) general breast cancer information. In step 2, consumers (n=14) and health professionals and researchers (n=14) provided 870 reviews of 189 messages and found that most messages were easy to understand (799/870, 91.8%), useful (746/870, 85.7%), and appropriate (732/870, 84.1%). However, consumers rated 50 messages differently from health professionals and researchers. On the basis of evaluations, 37.6% (71/189) of messages were deleted, 36.5% (69/189) were edited, and 12 new messages related to fatigue, self-care, and cognition were created. The final 130 text messages had a mean 7.12 (SD 2.8) Flesch-Kincaid grade level and 68.9 (SD 15.5) ease-of-reading score, which represents standard reading ease.

Conclusions
Co-designing and evaluating a bank of evidence-based mental and physical health-themed text messages with breast cancer survivors, health professionals, and researchers was feasible and resulted in a bank of 130 text messages evaluated highly by participants. Some consumer evaluations differed from health professionals and researchers, supporting the importance of co-design.
The Use of Closed-Circuit Television and Video in Suicide Prevention: Narrative Review and Future Directions
Authors: Onie Sandersan , Li Xun , Liang Morgan , Sowmya Arcot , Larsen Mark Erik 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundSuicide is a recognized public health issue, with approximately 800,000 people dying by suicide each year. Among the different technologies used in suicide research, closed-circuit television (CCTV) and video have been used for a wide array of applications, including assessing crisis behaviors at metro stations, and using computer vision to identify a suicide attempt in progress. However, there has been no review of suicide research and interventions using CCTV and video.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to review the literature to understand how CCTV and video data have been used in understanding and preventing suicide. Furthermore, to more fully capture progress in the field, we report on an ongoing study to respond to an identified gap in the narrative review, by using a computer vision–based system to identify behaviors prior to a suicide attempt.MethodsWe conducted a search using the keywords “suicide,” “cctv,” and “video” on PubMed, Inspec, and Web of Science. We included any studies which used CCTV or video footage to understand or prevent suicide. If a study fell into our area of interest, we included it regardless of the quality as our goal was to understand the scope of how CCTV and video had been used rather than quantify any specific effect size, but we noted the shortcomings in their design and analyses when discussing the studies.ResultsThe review found that CCTV and video have primarily been used in 3 ways: (1) to identify risk factors for suicide (eg, inferring depression from facial expressions), (2) understanding suicide after an attempt (eg, forensic applications), and (3) as part of an intervention (eg, using computer vision and automated systems to identify if a suicide attempt is in progress). Furthermore, work in progress demonstrates how we can identify behaviors prior to an attempt at a hotspot, an important gap identified by papers in the literature.ConclusionsThus far, CCTV and video have been used in a wide array of applications, most notably in designing automated detection systems, with the field heading toward an automated detection system for early intervention. Despite many challenges, we show promising progress in developing an automated detection system for preattempt behaviors, which may allow for early intervention.
Optimization of Primary Care Among Black Americans Using Patient Portals: Qualitative Study
Authors: Ordaz Omar H , Croff Raina L , Robinson LaTroy D , Shea Steven A , Bowles Nicole P 
Published: May 2021

Background
Reduced patient portal use has previously been reported among Black Americans when compared with that of the general population. This statistic is concerning because portals have been shown to improve the control of chronic conditions that are more prevalent and severe in Black Americans. At their very simplest, portals allow patients to access their electronic health records and often provide tools for patients to interact with their own health information, treatment team members, and insurance companies. However, research suggests that Black American patients have greater concerns over a lack of support, loss of privacy, and reduced personalization of care compared with other Americans, which results in a disparity of portal use.

Objective
This qualitative investigation of primary care experiences of Black Americans from across the United States who participated in remote focus groups in April and May 2020 aims to explore the use and perceived value of patient portals to better understand any barriers to optimized treatment in the primary care setting.

Methods
We performed an inductive thematic analysis of 8 remote focus group interviews with 29 Black American patients aged 30-60 years to qualitatively assess the experiences of Black American patients with regular access to portals.

Results
Thematic analysis uncovered the following interrelated themes regarding patient portals in primary care: the optimization of care, patient empowerment, patient-provider communication, and patient burden.

Conclusions
In contrast to what has been described regarding the reluctance of Black Americans to engage with patient portals, our focus groups revealed the general acceptance of patient portals, which were described overwhelmingly as tools with the potential for providing exceptional, personalized care that may even work to mitigate the unfair burden of disease for Black Americans in primary care settings. Thus, opportunities for better health care will clearly arise with increased communication, experience, and adoption of remote health care practices among Black Americans.
Caregiver Acceptability of Mobile Phone Use for Pediatric Cancer Care in Tanzania: Cross-sectional Questionnaire Study
Authors: Schroeder Kristin , Maiarana James , Gisiri Mwitasrobert , Joo Emma , Muiruri Charles , Zullig Leah , Masalu Nestory , Vasudevan Lavanya 
Published: May 2021

Background
There is a 60% survival gap between children diagnosed with cancer in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and those in high-income countries. Low caregiver knowledge about childhood cancer and its treatment results in presentation delays and subsequent treatment abandonment in LMICs. However, in-person education to improve caregiver knowledge can be challenging due to health worker shortages and inadequate training. Due to the rapid expansion of mobile phone use worldwide, mobile health (mHealth) technologies offer an alternative to delivering in-person education.

Objective
The aim of this study is to assess patterns of mobile phone ownership and use among Tanzanian caregivers of children diagnosed with cancer as well as their acceptability of an mHealth intervention for cancer education, patient communication, and care coordination.

Methods
In July 2017, caregivers of children <18 years diagnosed with cancer and receiving treatment at Bugando Medical Centre (BMC) were surveyed to determine mobile phone ownership, use patterns, technology literacy, and acceptability of mobile phone use for cancer education, patient communication, and care coordination. Descriptive statistics were generated from the survey data by using mean and SD values for continuous variables and percentages for binary or categorical variables.

Results
All eligible caregivers consented to participate and completed the survey. Of the 40 caregivers who enrolled in the study, most used a mobile phone (n=34, 85%) and expressed high acceptability in using these devices to communicate with a health care provider regarding treatment support (n=39, 98%), receiving laboratory results (n=37, 93%), receiving reminders for upcoming appointments (n=38, 95%), and receiving educational information on cancer (n=35, 88%). Although only 9% (3/34) of mobile phone owners owned phones with smartphone capabilities, about 74% (25/34) self-reported they could view and read SMS text messages.

Conclusions
To our knowledge, this is the first study to assess patterns of mobile phone ownership and use among caregivers of children with cancer in Tanzania. The high rate of mobile phone ownership and caregiver acceptability for a mobile phone–based education and communication strategy suggests that a mobile phone–based intervention, particularly one that utilizes SMS technology, could be feasible in this setting.
Cuerpo-cámara-ojo: presencia e intersubjetividad en el trabajo de la artista Pola Weiss
Authors: Garbayo-Maeztu Maite 
Published: May 2021

Dos trabajos de la artista mexicana Pola Weiss (1947-1990) nos conducen a modos alternativos de conceptualizar lo estético desde el cuerpo femenino/feminizado y desde la subversión de las relaciones sujeto/objeto. El cuerpo-cámara-ojo de Weiss se expande más allá de la visualidad e interrumpe la hegemonía escópica para intentar que aparezca aquello que no se ve. Las propuestas estéticas de Weiss se entrelazan con otros casos de estudio que, desde lugares muy dispares, han situado el cuerpo, su materialidad y sus afectos como elementos centrales de la experiencia epistémica y estética. El potencial del cuerpo histérico, la teoría estética de Lee y Anstruther-Thompson, o el problema de traducción cultural del término náhuatl ixiptlah, muestran otros modos de entender las imágenes, otras lógicas capaces de reinventar las formas en que miramos y somos miradas.
Palabras clave: Performance; Empatía; Cuerpo; Teoría Feminista; Estética; Intersubjetividad
Kajian Antioksidan, Total Fenol & Total Flavonoid Jamu Selokarang yang diformulasi dengan Jinten Hitam (Nigella sativa)
Authors: Sukardi Sukardi , Iqbal Noer Iqbal Arief , Winarsih Sri 
Published: May 2021

Abstrcact Jamu Selokarang is one of the traditional drinks originating from an area, namely Madura, the ingredients used in the manufacture of Jamu Selokarang are turmeric, ginger, ginger, betel leaf, soursop leaves, cloves, nutmeg, coriander, temu ireng and ginger. The ingredients used in the manufacture of herbal medicine selokarang contain a lot of antioxidants and essential oils. Testing is needed to determine the antioxidant activity contained in the herbal medicine selokarang. This study aims to determine the effect of substitution of jamu selokarang on antioxidant compounds, total phenols, flavonoids, ash content and water content.
This study used a simple completely randomized design method (simple CRD) with a single factor, namely the black cumin formulation of 0%, 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% which were included in jamu selokarang. The research was repeated 3 times. The parameters observed were: water content, ash content, antioxidants, total phenols, and flavonoids.
The results showed that the substitution had a significant effect on water content, ash content and antioxidant activity, while the total phenol and flavonoid analysis had no significant effect. Treatment 0% black cumin had water content of 2.68%; Ash content of 7,90%; DPPH anti-oxidant for 49.08%; antioxidant FRAP 26.25 μgAAE / mL; total phenol was 2.05 μgGAE / mg, and total flavonoids was 0.91 μgQAE / mg.