bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Species and Density of Gastropods in The Rehabilitated Mangrove Ecosystems in the Kedaburapat Village Rangsang Pesisir Sub-District, Riau Province
Authors: Efriyeldi E , Mulyadi A , Samiaji J 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study aims to examine the species and density of gastropods in the rehabilitated mangrove ecosystem in Kedaburapat village Riau Province. The research was conducted in July 2020. The method used was a survey method. In 2018 mangrove planted, 2 transect lines were placed in the mangrove, and in each line, there were 6 plots (2 m × 2 m). Two plots were in the lower area, 2 plots in the middle area and other 2 plots were in the upper area. In 2019 mangrove planted, similar method was used to sampled the gastropods. The gastropods samplings were conducted manually during low tide. The gastropod were then identified in the laboratory. The substrate was studied visualy. The difference in gastropods density between two mangrove areas was analyzed using the t-test. The results showed that the species of gastropods that lived in the mangrove areas planted in 2018 consisted Littoraria scabra, L. melanostoma, L. intermedia, L. lutea, Nerita balteata, Chicoreus capucinus. Meanwhile, in the mangrove areas planted in 2019 consisted, Littoraria scabra, L. melanostoma, L. intermedia, Nerita balteata, Chicoreus capucinus, Nassarius dorsatu, Sphaerassiminea miniata. The average density of gastropods in the mangrove area planted in 2018 was 6.68 ind/m2, while in 2019 was 7.04 ind/m2. The results of the t-test analysis showed that there was no significant difference in gastropod density between the two mangrove regions.
Antibacterial Screening on Xylocarpus grastrnatum Extract Against Fish Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Yoswaty D , Nursyirwani  , Nurrachmi I. , Effendi I. , Gabariel E. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This research aims to analyze the antibacterial potential of Xylocarpus granatum extract (stem, fruit and leaves) on pathogenic bacteria of Vibrio alginoliticus, Aeromonas hydrophilla, Pseudomnas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. This research also identified the bioactive compounds contained in the extract. Mangrove samples were collected from the Marine Station of Purnama Village, Dumai City. Indonesia. It was noted that the extract inhibited V. alginolithicus with the following inhibitory sequence; stem (10.0 mm), leaf (5.1 mm) and fruit (4.6 mm). This plant also inhibited A. hydrophilla in the order of inhibitory level; stem (10.00 mm), leaf (5.4 mm) and fruit (5.3 mm). Similar impacts were also seen in P. aeruginosa and E. coli. The clear zones produced for P. aeruginosa are as follows; stem (10.8 mm), leaf (5.2 mm) and fruit (5.3 mm). Whereas for E. coli the inhibitory level was stem (8.7 mm), leaf (5.1 mm) and fruit (4.9 mm). Identification work on bioactive compounds of mangrove stems, leaves and fruits were phenolic, safonin, tannins, terpenoids, steroids and flavonoids.
Predicted of isoflavone reductase protein from oil palm and date palm using of PHYRE2 and SWISS-MODEL software
Authors: Hayati R , Basyuni M , Lisnawita  , Munir E 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Plants contained a large number of proteins homologous to isoflavone reductase. Two palmae tree genes, c2qx7A and 1qyc1B, encoding isoflavone reductase-like proteins had been previously identified from their unique expression patterns. To gain insight into the possibility of protein modeling of isoflavone reductase, we compared in detail the build models of protein by PHYRE2 and SWISS-MODEL software. The oil palm showed a higher in sequence identity, sequence similarity, coverage, and Qmean compared to date palm. Homology modelling showed that 294 residue (97% of the amino acid sequence) had been modelling with 100.0% confidence by the single highest scoring template for both oil palm and date palm using PHYRE2. This coverage was higher than the SWISS-MODEL predicted (80% and 77%). The c2qx7A image patterns were not similar to 1qyc1B. The c2qx7A image patterns were not similar to 1qyc1B, suggesting that different protein functions in the response for each plant.
Thaumatin protein predicted from oil palm and rubber using PHYRE2 and SWISS-MODEL software
Authors: Hayati R , Basyuni M , Lisnawita  , Munir E 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Thaumatin-like proteins play important roles in plant defense responses. The protein sequence of a thaumatin gene was found from the NCBI database and analyzed using PHYRE2 and SWISS-MODEL software. The oil palm showed that the total different protein modeling determines by SWISS-MODEL. In addition, the binding site predicted in oil palm has three model proteins CYS, GLN, and TYR using PHYRE2. Another case, distinct in rubber model protein which just has two kind proteins (THR and TYR). The image of the structural proteins revealed that c2ahnA differences were performed using PHYRE2. While, the 2ahn.1.A structure protein had the closest homology image effects in the oil palm and rubber using SWISS-MODEL. The extracellular-cytoplasmic from oil palm was constructed in 19-34 membranes. But different helix, an extracellular-cytoplasmic from rubber was constructed in 22-37 membranes (N-C terminal).
Current status of sustainability of Belawan Port toward SDG program
Authors: Sulaiman I A , Nasution Z , Rauf A , Kusuma M S B 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Belawan Port is one of the main ports in Indonesia whose role and function are important in the national logistics system. Belawan Port is a gateway for the Province of North Sumatra. The port must have sustainability in carrying out its role and function as transportation and economic infrastructure. In this research, Belawan Port sustainability will be evaluated from several aspects or dimensions, namely ecology, economy, social culture, technology, and institutions and law. Belawan port sustainability analysis using the Multidimensional Scaling method, using the modified Rapfish program. The analysis is carried out on five dimensions and 49 attributes/factors, which are used as a reference in the SDGs program. Not every SDG will be relevant for every business, however, every SDG should be considered. SDGs no.4 and no.5 are not directly related to port management activities, while SDGs no.8,9,11,14,17 are directly related. From the analysis obtained Ecology sustainability index = 48.38 (less-sustainable), Economic sustainability index = 42.89 (Less-Sustainable), Socio-Cultural sustainability index = 52.47 (Fair-Sustainable), Technological sustainability index = 54.11 (Fair-Sustainable), Institutional and Legal sustainability index = 50.74 (Fair-Sustainable). With policy and program interventions, the sustainability of the existing Belawan Port in the short term can be improved to be fair-sustainable for all dimensions (ecology, economy, social & culture, Technology, Institution & Law) evaluated.
Plot scale comparison of runoff generalization between forest and coffee combination cassava landcover in Kuta Jungak Village, Siempat Rube District, Pakpak Bharat Regency
Authors: Slamet B , Purba A R , Samsuri  , Rauf A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
It has become a public opinion that forests will always reduce the amount of surface runoff compared to other types of land cover. However, previous research reports that the runoff generalization process is still not fully explained. The activity of converting forests into agricultural land will also have an impact on surface runoff. This study aims to compare the magnitude of surface runoff on the plot scale between forest and coffee combination cassava fields. The surface runoff measurement plot with a size of 8 x 10 meters in the direction of the slope. The higher average surface runoff occurs in a forest plot that is equal to 0.286 ± 0.438 mm, while coffee and cassava plots produce an average surface flow of 0.022 ± 0.057 mm. Understorey and litter are influential in generalizing runoff in both plots. The understorey vegetation cover in the forest plot is lower than in the coffee combination cassava plot. This research confirms the results of previous studies that forests with less understorey vegetation conditions and less litter cover the soil surface can still produce high runoff results.
Effect of land use type on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi diversity in high altitude of Karo Highland
Authors: Delvian D 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study evaluated the spore density and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in different land use type at Karo Highland. Sampling of soil AMF was conducted once as a material for trap culture by using Pueraria javanica as a host. The trap culture was used to observe the spore density and percentage of root colonization. The results showed that spore density and AMF colonization was not affected by different land use type, but rather by soil chemical properties. Soil acidity and phosphorus content had negative effect on root abundance and colonization, while carbon, nitrogen and potassium content gave positive effects. This study found 15 AMF spores from all types of land use dominated by Glomaceae followed by Acaulosporaceae and Gigasporaceae. The occurrence of AMF species was not specific to one type of land use but rather evenly dispersed in all types.
Application of different various species of fungi to increase growth of Avicennia marina 300 m from the coastline in Belawan and Pulau Sembilan
Authors: Yunasfi  , Sitorus D E , Utomo B 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Mangrove is a typical ecosystem that lives in areas with high salinity and tidal effects. Mangrove has the ability to absorb organic and non-organic matter produced by decomposing microorganisms derived from decomposition of leaf litter or other decomposed material. This research can provide information on the species of fungi are able to increase growth of A. marina. This research was conducted from August to October 2017 using a completely randomized design (CRD) which consists of 4 treatments with ten replicates and with two locations. Fungal species used were Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus sp. 2, Aspergillus sp. 1 and the control as a comparison. Fungi give effect to the height increase of A. marina plants with an average height of 24.64 cm on Pulau Sembilan and 27 cm in Belawan. The total dry weight of plants has an average value of 11.77 g on Pulau Sembilan and 11.97 g in Belawan. The average diameter obtained from fungi treatment on Pulau Sembilan is 0,48 cm and in Belawan is 0.56 cm. The average leaf width that occurred on Pulau Sembilan was 4.82 cm and 5.03 cm in Belawan. Aspergillus niger is the most influential fungus on the growth of A. marina seedlings.
Application of fungi Aspergillus sp. from leaf litter Rhizophora mucronata Lamk. to accelerate decomposition on various salinity levels in Belawan
Authors: Yunasfi  , Hakiki N , Susetya I E 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The decomposed leaves of R. mucronata are a source of organic material or nutrients for plants and various types of biota associated in the Belawan Mangrove Area. One of the microorganisms that play a role in the decomposition process is Aspergillus sp. The purpose of this study was to determine the acceleration of the rate of decomposition and measure the carbohydrate and protein content of R. mucronata leaf litter that had been decomposed by Aspergillus sp at various levels of salinity in Belawan. This research was conducted in June 2019-March 2020. The average litter decomposition rate was obtained using the Olson Formula (1963): ln (Xt / X0) = -kt, analysis of carbohydrate and protein content using SNI methods 01-2891-1992. The fastest decomposition rate of R. mucronata leaves is at station 1 with salinity 0-10 ppt which is 10.02 / year and the lowest is at station 2 with salinity 11-20 ppt which is 7.51 / year. The highest average carbohydrate content at station 1 is 7.02 and the lowest content of station 2 is 5.18%. The highest average protein content at station 3 ppt is 5.62% and the lowest is station 2 which is 4.28%.
The effect of lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) electrolyte filtrate addition on conductivity and electricity of hydrogel aluminium battery based on carboxymethyl cellulose
Authors: Sundari E , Ginting M H S , Rajagukguk A H , Misran E , Iriany  , Hasibuan K A , Lubis M 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Hydrogel Aluminum Battery is a promising source of electrical energy using electrolytes polymeror hydrogel. This research aims to determine the effect lime electrolyte addition on ionic conductivity and electrical characteristic values of hydrogel aluminium battery produced. The method used for making hydrogel is gelatinization method. Based on this research, the best conductivity value obtained is 3.968 x10-3 S/cm from the combination of CMC 2% on the addition of 100 ml. The highest voltage obtained from hydrogel aluminium battery is 1.6129 from the combination of CMC 2% on the addition of 100 ml electrolyte. The highest DC current is 14.077 mA from the combination of CMC 2% on the addition of 100 ml and the highest battery power obtained is 22,805 mW from the combination of CMC 2% variation at the addition of 100 ml electrolytes.
Effect of corn stalks and palm fibers ratio on physical, mechanical, and durability properties of particleboard
Authors: Iswanto A H , Octaviani F , Tarigan W F , Nuryawan A 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCorn stalk and palm fiber are potential non-wood material as a raw material in the manufacture of particleboards. The purpose of this study was to analyze the corn stalk and palm fiber ratio to the physical, mechanical, and durability properties of particleboard. In this study, corn stalk and palm fiber were made into particles with a length of 7 cm respectively. Isocyanate adhesive content used in board manufacturing was 10% with a solid content of 97%. The process of making boards using a hot press machine was set at a temperature of 160°C, the pressure of 30 kg/cm2for 5 minutes. The result showed that the higher proportion of palm fiber to decrease in the thickness swelling value indicates an improvement in the dimensional stability value even though it has not yet met the standards. The mechanical parameters of the board showed a tendency to decrease with the increasing composition of the palm fiber. The durability test of particleboard showed that the board given the palm fibers were more resistant to termite attack.
Population structure of woody plant in malaka (Phyllanthus emblicata) habitat, Padang bolak, North Sumatra
Authors: Susilowati A , Elfiati D , Rachmat H H , Rangkuti A B , Dwiyanti F G , Yulita K S , Fambayun R A , Ginting I M , Purba M F 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Malaka is a wild plant that generally grows in subtropical and tropical regions including India, Thailand, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, China and Indonesia. In Indonesia, this plant found disjunct in Java, Ternate and North Sumatra. Malacca seed is known as traditional medicine for diabetes, cancer, liver, ulcers and anemia. People in South Tapanuli also used the leaf as traditional food ingredients. Information regarding to distribution and habitat of Malacca in North Sumatra is still quite limited. Therefore our research aims to determine the population structure and malacca association in Padang Bolak Julu. The population structure and plant species associations were conducted through vegetation analysis by purposive sampling and the association is calculated using the Ochiai, Dice, and Jackard index values. The results showed that the malaka IVI at the level of seedlings, saplings, poles and trees were 150.35, 131.83, 112.04 and 102.23, respectively. Malaka plants are high association patterns and positively associated with P. obovatum in the location.
DNA isolation and amplification of raru leaf (Cotylelobium melanoxylon Pierre and Cotylelobium lanceolatum Craib)
Authors: Susilowati A , Rachmat H H , Elfiati D , Rangkuti A B , Yulita K S , Dwiyanti F G , Fambayun R A , Gea P , Ginting I M 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Cotylelobium lanceolatum Craib and Cotylelobium melanoxylon Pierre or locally known as raru are trees used as ingredients for traditional Batak drinks called “tuak”. Destructive and uncontrolled harvesting of raru leads to a decline in its population and genetic diversity. Morphological distinctions for C. melanoxylon and C. lanceolatum have been conducted even though there are some weaknesses of this identification, thus molecular based marker are tools which is preferred for solved the problem. However, an appropriate DNA isolation method is basic and important step for molecular studies to obtain high-quality genomic DNA so that further analysis can proceed. Therefore, our study focused to obtain the successful DNA isolation method using the modified CTAB (Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide) method and its amplification on three candidate of DNA barcodes i.e. trnL-trnF, trnH-psbA, ITS1-ITS4. In total six genomic DNA were isolated from the silica-gel dried leaf of the two raru species and amplified with trnL-trnF, trnH-psbA, and ITS1-ITS4 primer-pairs. The results showed that the modified CTAB method proved to be successful and applicable for the extraction of DNA of C. melanoxylon Pierre and C. lanceolatum Craib. Furthermore, the trnL-trnF primer-pair was successfully amplified compared with trnH-psbA and ITS1-ITS4 indicating that the primer-pair can be used as a DNA barcode candidate for further DNA sequencing and analysis.
In vitro anti-cholesterol and anti-hypertensive activity of stem bark the Flacourtia rukam
Authors: Muharni M , Julinar J , Yohandini H , Fitrya F , Melati R 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Flacourtia rukam belongs to family Salicaceae and Indonesia is known as rukem. F. rukam is popular among people especially Musi Banyuas in South Sumatera, Indonesia for the treatment of hypertensive. Investigated effect anti-cholesterol and anti-hypertensive activity from extracts the stem bark of F. rukam have been done. The anti-cholesterol activity was measured by the photometric method by reaction cholesterol with Liebermann-Burchard reagent and anti-hypertensive activity using Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitory method. The crude ethanol extract showed the highest anti-cholesterol activity compared to the fractions with IC50 value of 157.88 mg/L. Crude ethanol extract also contained the highest phenolic and flavonoid content compared to fractions. The anti-cholesterol activity of extracts is equivalent to the total phenolic and flavonoid contained. In an anti-hypertensive activity study, the crude ethanol extracts exhibited the percentage of ACE inhibitory activity with IC50 119.82 mg/L. The results indicated that the stem bark of F. rukam might reduce or control the cholesterol levels and blood pressure. Anti-cholesterol and anti-hypertensive activity the stem bark of F. rukam is higher in extract form compared to fractions (synergistic).
Experimental Study on Axial Tensile Stress-Strain Relationship of High Crack Resistance Concrete
Authors: Wang Limin , Gao Peiwei , Tian Yilang , Yao Chun , Hao Dongming , Wang Zhifei 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
For demand of high crack resistance of concrete, the calcium-magnesium expansion agents and basalt fiber are chosen. The study of the full stress-strain curve of concrete under uniaxial tensile can comprehensively reflect its mechanical properties. The uniaxial stretch tests are used to study the concrete axial tensile constitutive model, and then the corresponding curve and formula are obtained in this paper. The influence of different dosages and water-binder ratio on the characteristic points of the curve is studied, and a suitable mathematical expression for the axial tensile stress-strain curve is proposed. Studies have shown that by adopting the method of dual admixture of expansive agent and basalt fiber, the toughness, tensile strength, ductility, and even other properties of concrete can be significantly improved. This shows that the dual admixture of the two materials has a strong toughening effect on concrete. With the amount of fiber content, the amount of expansion agent and the water-binder ratio is respectively 1%, 7% and 0.42, the performance of concrete shows the best state. The proposed calculation formula is in good agreement with the experimental results, which can provide a theoretical basis for the design and nonlinear analysis of concrete structures.
Effect of Drainage Failure of Diversion Channel on Anti-Floating Characteristics of Inning Structure
Authors: Zhao Shiwen , Guo Zhengyi , Liu Zhongqiu , Wu Junhua 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Many water diversion channels in China were built on thick and high-permeability super stratum, and groundwater level exerts significant influence on the anti-floating stability of the channel lining structure. The check valve drainage is an effective engineering measure for ensuring the anti-floating stability. However, people have rarely paid attention to the anti-floating calculation of lining structure once the check valve fails. This study, based on the typical cross-section of a diversion channel, investigated the characteristics of anti-floating stability of the diversion channel by using finite-element numerical simulation and theoretical analysis. The results show that reasonable calculation of anti-floating water level in the channel should be based on both numerical simulation and theoretical formula. As the check valve works normally with local failure, increasing the water level of the channel can prevent the lining structure from floating up. However, if the channel section cannot meet the anti-floating requirements when the check valve completely fails, corresponding measures should be taken in actual engineering projects to avoid the floating.
Monitoring and Analysis of Deep Foundation Pit Construction of Structural Loess in Northwest China
Authors: Shi Lide , Xue Yuxin , Zhang Longfei , Xue Zhongxing 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
To investigate the internal force and deformation characteristics of the supporting structure of structural loess foundation pit, 15 field monitoring data of foundation pits in Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia, were collected. The lateral movement of the supporting structure, settlement of soil behind piles and axial force of supporting point were studied on the basis of induction and systemize. The results show that: (1) due to the influence of spatial effect, the pile lateral displacement, surface settlement at the corner of foundation pit were significantly smaller than the middle of foundation pit; (2) the pile maximum lateral displacement at the middle of foundation pit ranges from 0.8 %” ∼ 2.0 %” of excavation depth, the pile top lateral displacement ranges from 0.2 %” ∼ 0.6 %” of excavation depth, the lateral displacement at the corner of foundation pit decreased by 60% ∼ 70%; (3) the maximum surface settlement in the middle of the foundation pit can reach 0.35%<r∼1.2%o of the excavation depth, and the maximum settlement at the corner of foundation pit decreased by 60% ∼ 70%; (4) the position of largest axial force of supporting point occurs near the maximum lateral displacement, between 0.4 ∼ 0.8 of excavation depth, the maximum measured axial force of the supporting point reached 35% ∼ 80% of the designed axial force, indicated that many foundation pits were too conservative in the design process, the structural characteristics of loess in northwest area should be considered, and the design scheme of the foundation pit should be optimized to save the cost of foundation pit engineering to avoid unnecessary waste.