bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral Proton Pump Inhibitors May Be as Effective as Intravenous in Peptic Ulcer Bleeding: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Csiki Endre , Szabó Hanna , Hanák Lilla , Szakács Zsolt , Kiss Szabolcs , Vörhendi Nóra , Pécsi Dániel , Hegyi Eszter , Hegyi Péter , Erőss Bálint 
Published: May 2021

INTRODUCTION:
Current guidelines recommend intravenous (IV) proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy in peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB). We aimed to compare the efficacy of oral and IV administration of PPIs in PUB.

METHODS:
We performed a systematic search in 4 databases for randomized controlled trials, which compared the outcomes of oral PPI therapy with IV PPI therapy for PUB. The primary outcomes were 30-day recurrent bleeding and 30-day mortality. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for dichotomous outcomes, while weighted mean differences (WMDs) with CI were calculated for continuous outcomes in meta-analysis. The protocol was registered a priori onto PROSPERO (CRD42020155852).

RESULTS:
A total of 14 randomized controlled trials reported 1,951 peptic ulcer patients, 977 and 974 of which were in the control and intervention groups, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between oral and IV administration regarding 30-day rebleeding rate (OR = 0.96, CI: 0.65–1.44); 30-day mortality (OR = 0.70, CI: 0.35–1.40); length of hospital stay (WMD = −0.25, CI: −0.93 to –0.42); transfusion requirements (WMD = −0.09, CI: −0.07 to 0.24); need for surgery (OR = 0.91, CI: 0.40–2.07); further endoscopic therapy (OR = 1.04, CI: 0.56–1.93); and need for re-endoscopy (OR = 0.81, CI: 0.52–1.28). Heterogeneity was negligible in all analysis, except for the analysis on the length of hospitalization (I2 = 82.3%, P = 0.001).

DISCUSSION:
Recent evidence suggests that the oral administration of PPI is not inferior to the IV PPI treatment in PUB after endoscopic management, but further studies are warranted.
Process optimization for enhanced production of cellulases form locally isolated fungal strain by submerged fermentation
Authors: Abdullah Roheena , Akhtar Ammara , Nisar Kinza , Kaleem Afshan , Iqtedar Mehwish , Iftikhar Tehreema , Saleem Faiza , Aslam Farheen 
Published: May 2021

Cellulase has myriad applications in various sectors like pharmaceuticals, textile, detergents, animal feed and bioethanol production, etc. The current study focuses on the isolation, screening and optimization of fungal strain through one factor at a time technique for enhanced cellulase production. In current study sixteen different fungal cultures were isolated and the culture which quantitatively exhibits higher titers of cellulase activity was identified both morphologically and molecularly by 18S rDNA and designated as Aspergillus niger ABT11. Different parameters like fermentation medium, volume, temperature, pH and nutritional components were optimized. The highest CMCase and FPase activities was achieved in 100ml of M5 medium in the presence of 1% lactose and sodium nitrate at 30 oC, pH5 after 72 hours. The result revealed A. niger can be a potential candidate for scale up studies.
Flow and Yield Characteristics of Yield Stress Fluids Using Hysteresis Loop Test Below Slip Yield Point
Authors: Sato Yasunori , Sugihara Yukinobu , Takahashi Tsutomu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The flow characteristics of angel O/W emulsion, which is a yield stress fluid, was investigated. The hysteresis loop test was conducted for the strain below the slip yield point, and the single relaxation Maxwell model was used to fit the experimental data. Using these methods, the shear-rate dependence, stress dependence, and time dependence of the viscoelastic properties of the sample were evaluated in the region below the slip yield point. The shear-rate dependence induced by the stress-ramp rate and the stress dependence from the maximum applied stress influence the viscoelastic characteristics below the slip yield point in terms of the flow history. However, the time dependence of the viscoelastic characteristics could not be confirmed for any creep time. The yield stress measured in the stress-ramp test increases with the stress-ramp rate owing to the contribution of the viscous strain from the flow history.
Theoretical study of energy, inertia and nullity of phenylene and anthracene
Authors: Ahmad Zaheer , Mufti Zeeshan Saleem , Nadeem Muhammad Faisal , Shaker Hani , Siddiqui Hafiz Muhammad Afzal 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Energy of a molecule plays an important role in physics, chemistry and biology. In mathematics, the concept of energy is used in graph theory to help other subjects such as chemistry and physics. In graph theory, nullity is the number of zeros extracted from the characteristic polynomials obtained from the adjacency matrix, and inertia represents the positive and negative eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix. Energy is the sum of the absolute eigenvalues of its adjacency matrix. In this study, the inertia, nullity and signature of the aforementioned structures have been discussed.
Respiratory decompensation due to COVID-19 requiring postpartum extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Willson Stephanie F. , DuBois Richard , Short Briana , Agerstrand Cara , Skupski Daniel , Dayal Ashlesha K. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has rapidly spread since its emergence in December 2019, and has been associated with severe morbidity and mortality. This report includes an in-depth discussion on the unique challenges that the obstetrical population provides when considering optimal management strategy.

Case presentation
We describe our approach to a preterm patient with high clinical suspicion for COVID-19 whose condition turned critical in the postpartum state.

Conclusions
Differences in physiology during pregnancy, and goals for reducing both maternal and fetal risks, provide challenges when considering intensive care management, delivery timing, and method of delivery.
Differences between retort distillation and double distillation in cherry spirits with double-kettle equipment
Authors: Zhang Jiang , Zhao Xinjie , Qin Weishuai , Zhang Xiang , Ma Zhansheng , Sun Yuxia 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The effects of retort distillation (RD) and double distillation (DD) for producing cherry spirits using unique double-kettle equipment were compared, for the first time. RD improved distillation efficiency and kept methanol at a safe level. Compared with DD, the contents of higher alcohols increased with RD: isobutanol, propanol, and benzyl alcohol increased by 15.5, 32.9, and 37.9%, respectively, with the content of ethyl esters being reduced. In contrast, isoamyl formate, with its cherry aroma, was not detected in DD spirits, but was present at up to 10.71 mgL−1 in RD spirits. Six terpenoids were detected in RD spirits, but only four in DD spirits. These changes were also reflected in the sensory scores. Although the purity and elegance of the RD spirits decreased, their complication, richness, and honey aroma increased. These changes are very important for guaranteeing spirits quality, providing a reference for research and production of cherry distilled spirits.
Design and Preparation of Magnetism-Driven Intelligent Hydrogel Actuators
Authors: Chang Y.-J. , Zhou Q. , Hou W.-H. , Liang Y.-H. , Ren L. , Sun D.-H. , Ren L.-Q. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Novel kinds of magnetism-driven poly N,N-dimethylacrylamide bilayer intelligent hydrogels with various nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) contents were prepared successfully via one-step insitu free radical polymerization. The bilayer hydrogels possessed high mechanical strength, efficient swelling and steady magnetic response. With the increase of nanofibrillated cellulose content, the crosslinking density of the hydrogels increased, leading to the decrease of swelling rate and increase of mechanical strength and swelling bending degree of hydrogel actuators, respectively. Fe3O4 particles existed tightly on the micropore surfaces of the hydrogels, which built the function base of magnetic response of hydrogel actuators. The addition of Fe3O4 was irrelevant to the variation of crosslinking density. The bilayer structure exhibited high bonding strength. Based on intelligent responsive properties, bilayer hydrogels were designed as soft magnetism-driven actuators, realizing capture and transportation properties and provided material candidates for soft robots.
Extraction, Treatment and Applications of Natural Fibers for Bio-Composites – A Critical Review
Authors: Sathish S. , Prabhu L. , Gokulkumar S. , Karthi N. , Balaji D. , Vigneshkumar N. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Nowadays, sustainable and eco-friendly products are gaining more attention in various engineering industries owing to their considerable strength-to-weight ratio, abundant availability, and recyclability. The properties of biofibers depend on the cultivation method, environmental conditions, and extraction method. Biofibers are hauled out by dew retting, water retting, and mechanical decortication methods. The properties of natural fiber–reinforced composites can be enhanced by proper physical and chemical treatments. The aim of this study is to propose a complete evaluation of the different extraction methods applied on natural fibers. Various physical and chemical treatment methods were used to ascertain the properties of optimized natural fiber-reinforced composites for various industrial applications. The key findings derived from various existing data and the chemical treatment results of the biofiber-reinforced composite are specifically highlighted with critical assessment. The properties and use of natural fiber-reinforced composites in the various fields of applications have made them candidates of choice over synthetic petroleum–based fibers.
Robust synchronization of chaotic fractional-order systems with shifted Chebyshev spectral collocation method
Authors: Owolabi Kolade M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this work, synchronization of fractional dynamics of chaotic system is presented. The suggested dynamics is governed by a system of fractional differential equations, where the fractional derivative operator is modeled by the novel Caputo operator. The nature of fractional dynamical system is non-local which often rules out a closed-form solution. As a result, an efficient numerical method based on shifted Chebychev spectral collocation method is proposed. The error and convergence analysis of this scheme is also given. Numerical results are given for different values of fractional order and other parameters when applied to solve chaotic system, to address any points or queries that may occur naturally.
A comparative study of chemical constituents and safety of Thai herbal medicated oil formula and traditional medicated oil
Authors: Booncharoen Poorada , Boonchai Waranya , Akarasereenont Pravit , Tripatara Pinpat 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Medicated oil has been traditionally used as an analgesic medicine to relieve pain by applying to the skin over painful muscles, and has been established in The National List of Essential Medicines (2556 B.E.). Traditional Medicated oil (TMO) consists of cassumunar ginger, Wan En Lueang, and Wan Ron Thong. It is prepared by frying herbs in coconut oil which is a traditional method. Thai Herbal Medicated oil formula (MOF) comprises cassumunar ginger, sweet flag, lesser galangal, wild turmeric, Wan En Lueang, and Wan Ron Thong. Its preparation by maceration with methyl salicylate is modified method to avoid the heat in the traditional preparation. Since both recipes have different methods of extraction and compositions, it is necessary to determine the chemical constituents and acute skin irritation potential of MOF and TMO.

Methods
This study applied Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) for quality assessment of MOF extract and TMO extract. The mass spectra of the compounds matched with authentic standards from the NIST library. The compounds were identified by comparing their retention time and peak area, and the percentage of matched factor was more than 80%. The safety assessment on acute skin irritation used the 4 h human patch test (4 h HPT) in 36 healthy subjects.

Results
The 37 compounds were found in MOF extract. The most common chemical constituents were terpene derivatives; monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, and others, namely benzene derivatives, ester, phenylpropanoid, and other compounds. The 33 compounds were found in TMO extract and the chemical groups were similar to MOF extract. The 4 h HPT demonstrated that the MOF extract, TMO extract, methyl salicylate solvent, and coconut oil solvent, did not induce skin irritation. However, the vehicle of the formulae and the whole formulae as MOF and TMO clinically induced skin irritation and accorded with rubefacient. The characteristic as mild erythema or dryness, but not erythema with edema, could appear after the use of rubbing skin products.

Conclusions
The chemical constituents found in MOF and TMO extracts were partially different and their acute skin irritation reactions were not significantly different. A study on the efficacy of both remedies should be performed in the future, as well as a study on active chemical constituents. This study provides scientific evidences of quality and safety, including GC-MS condition for poly-herbal medicated oil standardization.
The crystal structure of 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane - 4,4-dihydroxydiphenylmethane (1/1), C25H21N2O2
Authors: Cheng Jie , Chen Jue 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
C25H21N2O2, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 11.041(2) Å, b = 7.859(2) Å, c = 24.131(5) Å, β = 95.26(3)°, V = 2085.1(7) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0486, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1402, T = 295 K.
Crystal structure of 1-cyclopropyl-7-ethoxy-6,8-difluoro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid, C15H13F2NO4
Authors: Zhang Chun-Yan , Nie Xu-Liang , Huang Guo-Ping , Xiong Yuan-Zhen , Huang Jian-Ping 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
C15H13F2NO4, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 5.1342(10) Å, b = 9.6478(18) Å, c = 27.192(5) Å, β = 95.42°, V = 1340.9(4) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0434, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1197, T = 296(2) K.
Impact of selected cement additives and model compounds on the solubility of Nd(III), Th(IV) and U(VI): screening experiments in alkaline NaCl, MgCl2 and CaCl2 solutions at elevated ionic strength
Authors: Adam Nicole , Hinz Katja , Gaona Xavier , Panak Petra J. , Altmaier Marcus 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The solubility of Nd(III), Th(IV) and U(VI) was studied from undersaturation conditions in the presence of selected organic cement additives and model compounds: adipic acid, methyl acrylate, citric acid, melamine, ethylene glycol, phthalic acid and gluconic acid. Experiments were performed under Ar atmosphere in NaCl (2.5 and 5.0 M), MgCl2 (1.0 and 3.5 M) and CaCl2 (1.0 and 3.5 M) solutions with 9 ≤ pHm ≤ 13 (pHm = −log[H+]). Initial concentrations of organic ligands in solution were set constant in all systems to [L]0 = 0.025 M, except in specific cases (e.g. adipic acid, melamine and phthalic acid) where the ligand concentration in the matrix solutions was lower and controlled by solubility. Adipic acid, methyl acrylate, melamine, ethylene glycol and phthalic acid do not impact the solubility of Nd(III), Th(IV) and U(VI) in the investigated NaCl, MgCl2 and CaCl2 systems. Citrate significantly enhances the solubility of Nd(III), Th(IV) and U(VI) in NaCl systems. A similar effect was observed for Th(IV) and U(VI) in the presence of gluconate in NaCl systems. The impact of pH on the stability of the complexes is different for both ligands. Because of the larger number of alcohol groups in the gluconate molecule, this ligand is prone to form more stable complexes under hyperalkaline conditions that likely involve the deprotonation of several alcohol groups. The complexation of gluconate with U(VI) at pHm ≈ 13 is however weaker than at pHm ≈ 9 due to the competition with the highly hydrolysed moiety prevailing at pHm ≈ 13, i.e. UO2(OH)4
2−. The impact of citrate and gluconate in MgCl2 and CaCl2 systems is generally weaker than in NaCl systems, expectedly due to the competition with binary Mg-L and Ca-L complexes. However, the possible formation of ternary complexes further enhancing the solubility is hinted for the systems Mg/Ca-Th(IV)-GLU and Ca-U(VI)-GLU. These observations reflect again the differences in the complexation properties of citrate and gluconate, the key role of the alcohol groups present in the latter ligand, and the importances of interacting matrix cations. The screening experiments conducted within this study contribute to the identification of organic cement additives and model compounds potentially impacting the solution chemistry of An(III)/Ln(III), An(IV) and An(VI) under intermediate to high ionic strength conditions (2.5 ≤ I ≤ 10.5 M). This shows evident differences with respect to investigations conducted in dilute systems, and thus represents a very relevant input in the safety assessment of repositories for radioactive waste disposal where such elevated ionic strength conditions are expected.
The association of oxytocin with major depressive disorder: role of confounding effects of antidepressants
Authors: Xie Shiyi , Hu Yan , Fang Li , Chen Shijia , Botchway Benson O.A. , Tan Xiaoning , Fang Marong , Hu Zhiying 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Major depressive disorder is a genetic susceptible disease, and a psychiatric syndrome with a high rate of incidence and recurrence. Because of its complexity concerning etiology and pathogenesis, the cure rate of first-line antidepressants is low. In recent years, accumulative evidences revealed that oxytocin act as a physiological or pathological participant in a variety of complex neuropsychological activities, including major depressive disorder. Six electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, CNKI, and Wanfang) were employed for researching relevant publications. At last, 226 articles were extracted. The current review addresses the correlation of the oxytocin system and major depressive disorder. Besides, we summarize the mechanisms by which the oxytocin system exerts potential antidepressant effects, including regulating neuronal activity, influencing neuroplasticity and regeneration, altering neurotransmitter release, down regulating hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, anti-inflammatory, antioxidation, and genetic effects. Increasing evidence shows that oxytocin and its receptor gene may play a potential role in major depressive disorder. Future research should focus on the predictive ability of the oxytocin system as a biomarker, as well as its role in targeted prevention and early intervention of major depressive disorder.
5-a-Side Game as a Tool for the Coach in Soccer Training
Authors: Branquinho Luís , Ferraz Ricardo , Marques Mário C. 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
Physical outputs in soccer training can be influenced by the interaction of several variables during the performance of different small side games (SSGs) formats. For this reason, it is relevant to understand how the manipulation of variables such as training method, exercise duration, number of repetitions, or recovery time affect the training loads and the performance. The main aim of this work was to provide coaches with relevant theoretical aspects and examples of practical applications to use from the specific format of 5-a-side SSG. To search for relevant publications and ensure the quality of articles, the search strategy used comprised specific search terms based on the research theme. The results showed that, during the 5-a-side game format, the choice of the training method (i.e., continuous or fractionated) and the manipulation of the related variables (e.g., number of players and game format) are fundamental for the management of the training load. Therefore, the manipulation of the variables using 5-a-side format translates into significant variations in the training load, and in the likely improvement of the different domains of soccer training (physiological, technical, and tactical), thus evidencing several benefits in the use of this game format. In addition, practical examples of 5-a-side exercises are used based on the theoretical considerations described.
Exploring the Physical and Physiological Characteristics Relevant to Mixed Martial Arts
Authors: Plush Matthew G. , Guppy Stuart N. , Nosaka Kazunori , Barley Oliver R. 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
Mixed martial arts (MMA) is a combat sport encompassing multiple methods of victory, including knockout, submission, and decision. Although research exists investigating physical and physiological characteristics important to MMA success, there is no consensus on the characteristics essential to performance and best practice for the assessment of such characteristics. Understanding the range of potential competitive approaches to MMA, it is difficult to determine 1 single physiological profile. Strength has been identified as a predictor of performance in combat sports, including MMA, wrestling, and Brazilian jiu jitsu (BJJ). Aerobic and anaerobic conditioning has been explored in combat sports, including BJJ, judo, boxing, kickboxing, and MMA, and has varying relationships to higher-level performance. Repeat effort ability, flexibility, and body composition have also been investigated, but there is a lack of depth in the literature. However, the use of other combat sports literature is not ideal and must be considered critically because of the complexity of MMA. Because MMA has multiple potential competitive styles, the previously mentioned characteristics may vary between successful athletes. Given the multifactorial nature of competition and methods to victory in MMA, further investigation into the physiological and physical characteristics should be undertaken for the advancement of the sport.
Lymphangioma of the Mesentery: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Gendvilaitė Neda , Drachneris Julius , Poškus Tomas 
Published: May 2021

Background: Lymphangioma of the mesentery is a rare benign condition. Lymphangioma usually occurs in children during first few years of life most likely because of congenital abnormality of the lymphatic system. It may also be caused by trauma, lymphatic obstruction, surgery, inflammatory process, or radiotherapy. Lymphangioma of the mesentery represents less than 1% of all lymphangiomas and about 70% of abdominal lymphangiomas.Case presentation: We report the case of the 42-year-old woman who was diagnosed with the lymphangioma. Laparotomy was performed. A cystic lymph-filled tumor of about 12 cm in diameter was removed from the ileum mesentery. Conclusions: Lymphangioma of the mesentery is a rare condition. Despite its benign nature, it can cause serious complications if not treated. Ultrasound and CT are used for detection of lymphangioma. It is important to surgically remove the lymphangiomas even in the absence of symptoms.