bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unveiling Sybil Attacks Using AI‐Driven Techniques in Software‐Defined Vehicular Networks
Authors: Nayak Rajendra Prasad , Bhoi Sourav Kumar , Sahoo Kshira Sagar , Sethi Srinivas , Mohapatra Subasish , Bhuyan Monowar 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe centralized nature of software‐defined networks (SDN) makes them a suitable choice for vehicular networks. This enables numerous vehicles to communicate within an SD‐vehicular network (SDVN) through vehicle‐to‐vehicle (V2V) and with road‐side units (RSUs) via vehicle‐to‐infrastructure (V2I) connections. The increased traffic volume necessitates robust security solutions, particularly for Sybil attacks. Here, the attacker aims to undermine network trust by gaining unauthorized access or manipulating network communication. While traditional cryptography‐based security methods are effective, their encryption and decryption processes may cause excess delays in vehicular scenarios. Previous studies have suggested machine learning (ML) like AI‐driven approaches for Sybil attack detection in vehicular networks. However, the primary drawbacks are high detection time and feature engineering of network data. To overcome these issues, we propose a two‐phase detection framework, in which the first phase utilizes cosine similarity and weighting factors to identify attack misbehavior in vehicles. These metrics contribute to the calculation of effective node trust (ENT), which helps in further attack detection. In the second phase, deep learning (DL) models such as CNN and LSTM are employed for further granular classification of misbehaving vehicles into normal, fault, or Sybil attack vehicles. Due to the time series nature of vehicle data, CNN and LSTM are used. The methodology deployed at the controller provides a comprehensive analysis, offering a single‐ to multi‐stage classification scheme. The classifier identifies six distinct vehicle types associated with such attacks. The proposed schemes demonstrate superior accuracy with an average of 94.49% to 99.94%, surpassing the performance of existing methods.
Application of microfluidic technologies in veterinary science with a view toward development of animal‐on‐a‐chip models
Authors: Yin Qiankun , Yang Zhenxu , Chong Shin Wei , Li Jiarong , Liu Xiaochen , Vigolo Daniele , Li Jiao Jiao , Sheehy Paul A. , Yong Ken‐Tye 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe advancement of veterinary science relies on the adoption of modern technologies, more recently including molecular diagnostics, genomic research, precision medicine approaches, and advanced diagnostic imaging. Recent advancements in microfluidics have brought tremendous attention to human disease modeling, diagnosis, and drug development. Specifically, organ‐on‐a‐chip, a subset of microfluidic technology, is characterized by its ability to mimic the human in vivo microenvironment and improve cost efficiency in drug development. Recent studies have demonstrated huge potential in translating human‐centered microfluidic technologies to veterinary science, which can help to deepen our understanding of animal diseases and disorders and develop targeted treatments for diverse animal species, including companion animals, livestock, and wildlife. Further, the ongoing impact of climate change has heightened the threat of diseases among animal populations as well as the potential impact of zoonotic pathogens. New tools for in‐depth exploration of animal physiologies and diseases are essential to mitigate the risk of species extinction and safeguard animal well‐being. Building upon the achievements in human‐based microfluidic studies, we propose the comprehensive integration of this technology into veterinary research. This review provides an overview of microfluidic technology, its current applications in veterinary science, and discusses future directions and challenges toward the development of animal‐on‐a‐chip systems.
Influence of magnetic dipole and thermophoretic particle deposition on the flow of Reiner–Philippoff fluid with Thompson and Troian slip
Authors: Li Shuguang , Naseer Sania , Shahmir Nazia , Ramzan Muhammad , Alkarni Shalan , Kadry Seifedine 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSeveral non‐Newtonian fluid models have emerged as alternatives to Newton's viscosity law, expressing a nonlinear relationship between the shear stress and the strain. This study specifically concentrates on the Reiner–Philippoff fluid model among various existing models due to its ability to capture specific non‐Newtonian characteristics in particular situations. Hence, the goal of this research is to analyze the two‐dimensional flow of Reiner–Philippoff liquid along an extending sheet while considering the impact of thermophoretic particle deposition, and Thompson, and Trion slip. The investigation encompasses the inclusion of the magnetic dipole effect, and variable heat source/sink in the temperature equation to explore heat transfer. Additionally, the concentration equation takes into account the Stefan blowing effect and activation energy for mass transfer analysis. The magnetic dipole is subjected to an external magnetic field, and its influences are integrated into the momentum and temperature equations. A MATLAB's renowned bvp4c package is engaged to develop the numerical solution of the resulting system of equations obtained by applying suitable similarity transformations. The analysis comprehensively scrutinizes graphs that illustrate relevant parameters and their corresponding physical interpretations. The results affirm that a surge in the thermophoretic parameter indicates a rise in the temperature profile. Moreover, the Reiner–Philippoff fluid parameter amplifies the velocity distribution of the liquid flow. A validation of the envisaged model is also a highlight of this exploration.
Effects of acute hydration changes on cardiovascular magnetic resonance native T1 and T2 mapping
Authors: Myhr Katrine Aagaard , Keceli Emel , Kunkel Joakim Bo , Kristensen Charlotte Burup , Vejlstrup Niels , Køber Lars , Pecini Redi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Changes in hydration status may affect myocardial native T1 and T2 values and influence the clinical interpretation. We aimed to assess the impact of acute preload augmentation on native T1 and T2. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) native T1 and T2 mapping were performed twice on the same day in 20 healthy participants before and after an acute preload augmentation by a 2-liter intravenous infusion of isotonic sodium chloride (0.9%). Test-retest reproducibility was evaluated in 30 healthy participants with two consecutive CMR examinations on the same day. Sixteen participants were included in both substudies. In the 20 healthy participants undergoing acute preload augmentation (55% males, mean age (interquartile range [IQR]) 43 [29–51] years), native T1 increased with 17 ms (95% confidence interval [CI] 7 to 26; p = 0.001), T2 with 1.7 ms (95% CI 0.8 to 2.4; p < 0.001), and blood T1 with 46 ms (95% CI 28 to 65; p < 0.001). Test-retest variability in 30 healthy participants (47% males, median age 43 [28–52] years) showed 95% limits of agreement (LOA) of ± 26 ms for native T1, ± 2.1 ms for T2, and ± 57 ms for blood T1. In the 16 participants included in both substudies, the mean differences in changes post-infusion versus test-retest were 22 ms (95% CI 8 to 36; p = 0.01) for native T1, 1.9 ms (95% CI 0.9 to 2.9; p = 0.001) for T2, and 62 ms (95% CI 32 to 91; p < 0.001) for blood T1. Native T1 and T2 values increased following acute preload augmentation. However, the changes were within the 95% LOA of the test-retest reproducibility.

Graphical Abstract
Polyaxial Stress-Dependent Tensorial Permeability Variations of a Columnar Jointed Rock Mass: Insights from 3D Distinct Element Method
Authors: Pothana Prasad , Rasouli Vamegh , Ling Kegang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractStress-induced permeability changes in geological formations have implications for various geo-engineering applications. Fractures are the predominant fluid flow pathways within tight geological formations such as jointed basaltic rock mass. Three-dimensional permeability variations of a columnar jointed rock mass using the three-dimensional block distinct element method are investigated. First, a permeability tensor is constructed by simulating fluid flow through joint sets using cubic law and determining its principal components through eigenvector analysis. Subsequently, numerical simulations are conducted to gain insights into the impact of principal stresses on joint deformation and fluid flow. Joint deformation is controlled by the joint’s mechanical properties, contact models, and stress state. Different isotropic and anisotropic stress loading scenarios on the permeability tensor evolution are investigated. The research findings indicate that isotropic stress loading led to uniform normal compression on fractures, resulting in a monotonic reduction of all permeability tensor components and increased permeability anisotropy. Anisotropic stress loading, particularly the intermediate stress, often neglected, significantly influenced the rock’s overall permeability. While the directions of the principal components remained consistent during isotropic loading, they exhibited changes in both direction and magnitude during anisotropic loading. The relative angle between the joint plane and the principal stresses was crucial in controlling joint behavior, including normal compression, shear failure, and dilation. Additionally, data analysis revealed that the exponential empirical model provided an excellent fit for permeability–stress data.
MEMO-QCD: quantum density estimation through memetic optimisation for quantum circuit design
Authors: Ardila-García Juan E. , Vargas-Calderón Vladimir , González Fabio A. , Useche Diego H. , Vinck-Posada Herbert 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a strategy for efficient quantum circuit design for density estimation. The strategy is based on a quantum-inspired algorithm for density estimation and a circuit optimisation routine based on memetic algorithms. The model maps a training dataset to a quantum state represented by a density matrix through a quantum feature map. This training state encodes the probability distribution of the dataset in a quantum state, such that the density of a new sample can be estimated by projecting its corresponding quantum state onto the training state. We propose the application of a memetic algorithm to find the architecture and parameters of a variational quantum circuit that implements the quantum feature map, along with a variational learning strategy to prepare the training state. Demonstrations of the proposed strategy show an accurate approximation of the Gaussian kernel density estimation method through shallow quantum circuits illustrating the feasibility of the algorithm for near-term quantum hardware.
Social interaction models for trust systems design
Authors: Pavleska Tanja 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFueled by the social dynamics inherent in traditional networking, the Internet has come to shape a new paradigm of social interaction and collaboration, formed by the active engagement of its users. The emergence of social networks has not only expanded the avenues for blending the social essence of trust, but also harnessed the technical capabilities of the Internet. While many computational trust models employ models from social theories of interaction to accurately identify trustworthy individuals, there is a notable gap in addressing how these models are perceived and acted upon by the users, who are the core of trust systems. Recognizing and understanding the relationship between trust models and user perceptions is key to simplifying their complexity and enhancing model explainability and system performance.This paper delves into the nuanced roles of structural balance, subjectivity, and user bias within trust systems, investigating their implications on the design of computational trust models. Through qualitative and quantitative analyses, we pinpoint instances where the nature of social interactions emerges as a significant concern that needs preemptive consideration during the design phase of trust systems. Building upon the findings, we suggest practical solutions to enhance the effectiveness of trust models through alignment between the contextual system traits and the design assumptions.
Experience and attitudes in relation to telepsychiatry use among non-consultant doctors
Authors: Rowntree R. , Behan C. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
In order to minimise physical interaction during the COVID-19 pandemic, telepsychiatry became a key part of clinical practice for many psychiatrists.

Methods:
This study involved an exploratory, cross-sectional, opt-in online survey circulated to non-consultant doctors in psychiatry working in Ireland. It assessed experience and attitudes in relation to telepsychiatry use.

Discussion:
The response rate was 11.6% (n = 61). Forty-eight individuals (78.6%) had delivered clinical care using telepsychiatry. Fifty-nine individuals (96.7%) were unfamiliar with telepsychiatry prior to the pandemic. Most respondents had not received specific training around use of a telepsychiatry platform (86.9%, n = 63) and were unaware of published guidelines around its optimal use (54.1%, n = 33). Respondents’ concerns included issues around connectivity, medico-legal uncertainty and clinical effectiveness.

Conclusion:
Conclusions drawn are limited by the potential for selection bias in this study. Nonetheless the paper has highlighted important issues including the need for more research assessing telepsychiatry clinical and curricular experience. Additional curricular interventions during training could build skillset and confidence in telepsychiatry.
Beyond Collaborative Network Communities: Innovation Performance Feedback and the Formation of New Bridging Ties
Authors: Nie Yafei , Wang Jingbei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAlthough extant research has highlighted the tangible benefits of bridging ties that interlink network communities, our understanding of the determinants of a firm's propensity to form new bridging ties is scarce. Drawing on the behavioral theory of the firm, we conceptualize the formation of new bridging ties as a consequence of decision-makers' bounded rationality and verify the effect of performance feedback on the share of new bridging ties. Additionally, we contend that decisions regarding forming new bridging ties in response to performance feedback are bounded by CEOs' experience. We use a longitudinal dataset of Chinese publicly listed firms in the pharmaceutical industry from 2010 to 2020. The results indicate that the magnitude of a firm's outperformance relative to its aspirations positively affects the share of new bridging ties, while the magnitude of a firm's underperformance relative to its aspirations has an inverted U-shaped relationship with the share of new bridging ties. CEOs' academic and political experience strengthens the positive relationship between the magnitude of a firm's outperformance relative to its aspirations and the share of new bridging ties. CEOs' political experience flattens the inverted U-shaped effect of the magnitude of a firm's underperformance relative to its aspirations on the share of new bridging ties.
A jet-induced shock in a young, powerful radio galaxy at z = 3.00
Authors: Seymour Nicholas , Broderick Jess W. , Noirot Gaël , Turner Ross , Hedge Alexander John , Gupta Anshu , Reynolds Cormac , An Tao , Emonts Bjorn , Ross Kathryn , Stern Daniel K. , Afonso José M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The bright radio source, GLEAM J091734

$-$

001243 (hereafter GLEAM J0917

$-$

0012), was previously selected as a candidate ultra-high redshift (

$z \gt 5$

) radio galaxy due to its compact radio size and faint magnitude (

$K(\mathrm{AB})=22.7$

). Its redshift was not conclusively determined from follow-up millimetre and near-infrared spectroscopy. Here we present new HST WFC3 G141 grism observations which reveal several emission lines including [NeIII]

$\lambda$

3867, [NeV]

$\lambda$

3426 and an extended (

$\approx 4.8\,$

kpc), [OII]

$\lambda$

3727 line which confirm a redshift of

$3.004\pm0.001$

. The extended component of the [OII]

$\lambda$

3727 line is co-spatial with one of two components seen at 2.276 GHz in high resolution (

$60\times 20\,$

mas) Long Baseline Array data, reminiscent of the alignments seen in local compact radio galaxies. The BEAGLE stellar mass (

$\approx 2\times 10^{11}\,\textit{M}_\odot$

) and radio luminosity (

$L_{\mathrm{500MHz}}\approx 10^{28}\,$

W Hz

$^{-1}$

) put GLEAM J0917

$-$

0012 within the distribution of the brightest high-redshift radio galaxies at similar redshifts. However, it is more compact than all of them. Modelling of the radio jet demonstrates that this is a young,

$\approx 50\,$

kyr old, but powerful,

$\approx 10^{39}\,$

W, compact steep spectrum radio source. The weak constraint on the active galactic nucleus bolometric luminosity from the [NeV]

$\lambda$

3426 line combined with the modelled jet power tentatively implies a large black hole mass,

$\ge 10^9\,\textit{M}_\odot$

, and a low, advection-dominated accretion rate, i.e. an Eddington ratio

$\le 0.03$

. The [NeV]

$\lambda$

3426/[NeIII]

$\lambda$

3867 vs [OII]

$\lambda$

3727/[NeIII]

$\lambda$

3867 line ratios are most easily explained by radiative shock models with precursor photoionisation. Hence, we infer that the line emission is directly caused by the shocks from the jet and that this radio source is one of the youngest and most powerful known at cosmic noon. We speculate that the star-formation in GLEAM J0917

$-$

0012 could be on its way to becoming quenched by the jet.
The Galaxy Zoo catalogues for Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey
Authors: Holwerda Benne Willem , Robertson Clayton , Cook Kyle , Pimbblet Kevin , Casura Sarah , Sansom Anne E. , Patel Divya , Butrum Trevor Alexander , Glass David Henry William , Kelvin Lee S. , Baldry Ivan K. , De Propris Roberto , Bamford Steven , Masters Karen , Stone Maria Babakhanyan , Hardin Tim , Walmsley Mike , Liske Jochen , Adnan S.M. Rafee 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Galaxy Zoo is an online project to classify morphological features in extra-galactic imaging surveys with public voting. In this paper, we compare the classifications made for two different surveys, the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) imaging survey and a part of the Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS), in the equatorial fields of the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey. Our aim is to cross-validate and compare the classifications based on different imaging quality and depth. We find that generally the voting agrees globally but with substantial scatter, that is, substantial differences for individual galaxies. There is a notable higher voting fraction in favour of ‘smooth’ galaxies in the DESI+zoobot classifications, most likely due to the difference between imaging depth. DESI imaging is shallower and slightly lower resolution than KiDS and the Galaxy Zoo images do not reveal details such as disc features and thus are missed in the zoobot training sample. We check against expert visual classifications and find good agreement with KiDS-based Galaxy Zoo voting. We reproduce the results from Porter-Temple+ (2022), on the dependence of stellar mass, star formation, and specific star formation on the number of spiral arms. This shows that once corrected for redshift, the DESI Galaxy Zoo and KiDS Galaxy Zoo classifications agree well on population properties. The zoobot cross-validation increases confidence in its ability to compliment Galaxy Zoo classifications and its ability for transfer learning across surveys.
‘You can see when your parents are struggling’: a qualitative study of children and young people’s views of Universal Credit
Authors: Cheetham Mandy , El-Zerbi Catherine , Bidmead Elaine , Morris Steph , Dodd Tabitha 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
By 2025, over eight million UK households will be receiving Universal Credit (UC). Introduced in 2013 to simplify the benefit system and improve work incentives for working age adults, UC has been criticised for causing hardship and exacerbating inequalities. There is limited research on children and young people’s (CYP) views of UC, as well as its health and social impacts. In this pilot qualitative study, creative methods were used to understand the views of UC among CYP (n = 40) aged 12–16 years in North East England. Findings showed diverse and nuanced understanding of UC as well as contested views about conditionality, sanctions, lower UC rates for under-25s and the two-child limit alongside recognition of the stigma and shame associated with benefits. While CYP value paid employment, they stressed the importance of minimum income standards and tailored employment support for UC claimants, taking account of their personal, health and family circumstances. Findings suggest CYP are aware when parents and carers are struggling financially and may try to ease pressures on parents. Debates about principles of equality, fairness, social justice and deservingness were present in young people’s accounts. We conclude by exploring future directions for a CYP-centred approach to social policy.
Camera-based control system of a planar cable-driven parallel robot intended for functional rehabilitation
Authors: Ghrairi Kaiss , Lamine Houssein , Bennour Sami , Chaker Abdelbadia 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates a closed-loop visual servo control scheme for controlling the position of a fully constrained cable-driven parallel robot (CDPR) designed for functional rehabilitation tasks. The control system incorporates real-time position correction using an Intel RealSense camera. Our CDPR features four cables exiting from pulleys, driven by AC servomotors, to move the moving platform (MP). The focus of this work is the development of a control scheme for a closed-loop visual servoing system utilizing depth/RGB images. The developed algorithm uses this data to determine the actual Cartesian position of the MP, which is then compared to the desired position to calculate the required Cartesian displacement. This displacement is fed into the inverse kinematic model to generate the servomotor commands. Three types of trajectories (circular, square, and triangular) are used to test the controller’s compliance with its position. Compared to the open-loop control of the robot, the new control system increases positional accuracy and effectively handles cable behavior, various perturbations, and modeling errors. The obtained results showed significant improvements in control performance, notably reduced root mean square error and maximal error in terms of position.