bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
South Korean Education Under Psychocultural Globalization
Authors: Jung Hyang Jin , Ahn Junehui 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this special issue, we examine how globalizing forces reshape the self among South Koreans in educational contexts. To address facets of and issues raised by what we call “psychocultural globalization,” we take as the central problematic the tension between individuality and relationality in both self‐organization and self‐other relationships in various educational settings in a globalizing South Korea. A focal concern shared in the five articles is: How are competing educational ideas and values intertwined, contested, and negotiated in the South Korean landscape of psychocultural globalization? The articles jointly and individually address the popularization and institutionalization of Western child‐rearing and educational practices, in both formal and informal educational settings, at the same time that they closely attend to conscious efforts to rediscover and cultivate traditional local values. [education, self, psychocultural globalization, South Korea]Abstract in Korean이 특집호는 한국 교육 현장에서 추구하는 자아 지형에 전지구화가 가지고 오는 변화를 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 한다. 저자들이 ‘심리문화적 전지구화’라고 명명하는 현상을 살펴보기 위해, 특집호의 논문들은 전지구화의 영향 아래 변화하고 있는 한국의 교육 현장에서 자아 형성 및 자아와 타자의 관계에 있어 개별성과 관계성이 만들어내는 긴장에 주목한다. 특집호의 논문들이 공통적으로 다루는 주요 주제는 다음과 같다: 한국 사회의 심리문화적 전지구화 현장에서 다양하고 때로는 대립적인 교육 이념과 가치들이 어떻게 서로 엮이고, 경쟁하고, 협상되는가? 논문들은 학교교육과 비공식교육에서 서구적 양육방식과 교육실천이 대중화 및 제도화되고 있는 동시에 전통적인 가치들을 재발견, 함양하고자 하는 의식적이고 적극적인 노력 또한 전개되고 있음에 주목한다.
Federal democracy, distributive justice and the future of Europe
Authors: Benz Arthur 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDiscussions pertaining to advancing strategic policies and democracy in the EU cannot afford to disregard a fundamental institutional dilemma of the EU's political system, the conflict between intense interdependence and power sharing in a multilevel polity for one, and autonomy of governments as a condition for democratic legitimacy of power for another. Conceiving the EU as a federal democracy draws attention to this dilemma. This concept suggests democracy‐preserving modes of governance instead of coercive coordination (policy adjustment to competition in the common market, joint decision‐making among governments, central regulation by law and court decisions), which so far predominate in most relevant policy fields. It also calls for procedures to cope with issues of distributive justice stemming from territorial disparities in resources and burdens. The article conceptualises these challenges and outlines feasible steps to advance federal democracy in the EU.
Public sector performance auditing in a political hegemony: A case study of Indonesia
Authors: Sumiyana Sumiyana , Hendrian Hendrian , Jayasinghe Kelum , Wijethilaka Chaminda 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDebate over public‐sector auditors’ independence has focused largely on Western developed democracies. Drawing on Gramsci's theory of hegemony, this study explores how the political hegemony and ideology influence public‐sector auditors’ independence and audit quality in a developing country, Indonesia. In contrast to the widely accepted belief that public‐sector auditors’ independence is guaranteed by the legislature, this study argues that active intervention by the political hegemony undermines this independence and thus impairs audit quality. The study's document analysis and in‐depth interviews conducted with technical controllers, supervisors and investigators at the Supreme Audit Institution in Indonesia reveal that the political hegemony and ideology influence auditors’ cognition. This study enhances understanding of how the political hegemony, supported by the imperium, ruling‐class psychology and spheres of influence, substantially erodes auditors’ constitutive role, giving rise to concerns about value for taxpayers’ money and public‐sector effectiveness and efficiency.
Why should we cultivate “the difference” in everyday practices of the university?
Authors: Kunce Aleksandra 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe paper explores the phenomenon of the local‐worldly university. Why should we cultivate “the Difference” in everyday practices of the university? The author refers to the Derridean “différance,” to the idea of wonder (το θαυμα) and the Herderean concept of Heimat. By putting these terms in the university's specific context, the author asks questions about an autonomous space for thinking and experiencing. The university cannot be homeless, unanchored or uncommitted. The more intensively the universalising procedures of the control of universities are implemented, the more we are convinced that the world does not need any global institutions of higher education and research. This is because a human being is more localised than we would be willing to admit. What is important is difference, the untranslatability of knowledge and languages, the contextual grounding of thinking and action, as well as the experience of the fragility of what is “locally human,” which makes us observe closely a local human being, attached to a place, wandering about with the notion of home, and thus dispelling his or her doubts here and now, even when they tend to recur eternally.
Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs CD45‐/CD44+/CD73+/CD90+) isolated from osteoporotic mice SAM/P6 as a novel model for osteoporosis investigation
Authors: Sikora Mateusz , Śmieszek Agnieszka , Marycz Krzysztof 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAvailable therapies aimed at treating age‐related osteoporosis are still insufficient. Therefore, designing reliable in vitro model for the analysis of molecular mechanisms underlying senile osteoporosis is highly required. We have isolated and characterized progenitor cells isolated from bone marrow (BMSCs) of osteoporotic mice strain SAM/P6 (BMSCSAM/P6). The cytophysiology of BMSCSAM/P6 was for the first time compared with BMSCs isolated from healthy BALB/c mice (BMSCBALB/c). Characterization of the cells included evaluation of their multipotency, morphology and determination of specific phenotype. Viability of BMSCs cultures was determined in reference to apoptosis profile, metabolic activity, oxidative stress, mitochondrial membrane potential and caspase activation. Additionally, expression of relevant biomarkers was determined with RT‐qPCR. Obtained results indicated that BMSCSAM/P6 and BMSCBALB/c show the typical phenotype of mesenchymal stromal cells (CD44+, CD73+, CD90+) and do not express CD45. Further, BMSCSAM/P6 were characterized by deteriorated multipotency, decreased metabolic activity and increased apoptosis occurrence, accompanied by elevated oxidative stress and mitochondria depolarisation. The transcriptome analyses showed that BMSCSAM/P6 are distinguished by lowered expression of molecules crucial for proper osteogenesis, including Coll‐1, Opg and Opn. However, the expression of Trap, DANCR1 and miR‐124‐3p was significantly up‐regulated. Obtained results show that BMSCSAM/P6 present features of progenitor cells with disturbed metabolism and could serve as appropriate model for in vitro investigation of age‐dependent osteoporosis.
Skin adverse events related to personal protective equipment: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Montero‐Vilchez T. , Cuenca‐Barrales C. , Martinez‐Lopez A. , Molina‐Leyva A. , Arias‐Santiago S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is a global pandemic that has spread all over the word. To avoid the virus transmission, healthcare workers must wear adequate personal protective equipment (PPE). PPE is associated with several side events, including skin reactions. The objective of this study was to summarize the prevalence, type and risk factors for cutaneous adverse events related to PPE and prevention measures to avoid them. A systematic review and meta‐analysis was conducted using MEDLINE, Scopus and EMBASE databases from conception to 21 January 2021. All types of epidemiological studies regarding skin adverse events related to PPE were included. The literature search identified 1007 references, 35 of them met the eligible criteria and were included for analysis, representing 31 453 participants. The media of skin side events related to PPE was 75.13%. The rate of cutaneous adverse events related to mask was 57.71%, and those associated with gloves and hand hygiene products was 49.16%. Most common skin adverse events were contact dermatitis, acne and itching. The most damaged anatomical regions were the nasal bridge, the cheeks and the hands. The duration of PPE wearing was the most common risk factor. Frequent handwashing, gloves and masks were the agents most frequently related to skin reactions. N95 respirators were the most harmful mask type for the skin. Hydrocolloid use prevented from developing skin adverse events related to masks. In conclusion, the rate of cutaneous adverse events related to PPE use is high. A longer duration of PPE wearing was the most common risk factor. Using hydrocolloid could prevent from skin injuries related to mask use.
Exercise training in the management of overweight and obesity in adults: Synthesis of the evidence and recommendations from the European Association for the Study of Obesity Physical Activity Working Group
Authors: Oppert Jean‐Michel , Bellicha Alice , van Baak Marleen A. , Battista Francesca , Beaulieu Kristine , Blundell John E. , Carraça Eliana V. , Encantado Jorge , Ermolao Andrea , Pramono Adriyan , Farpour‐Lambert Nathalie , Woodward Euan , Dicker Dror , Busetto Luca 
Published: June 2021

SummaryThere is a need for updated practice recommendations on exercise in the management of overweight and obesity in adults. We summarize the evidence provided by a series of seven systematic literature reviews performed by a group of experts from across Europe. The following recommendations with highest strength (Grade A) were derived. For loss in body weight, total fat, visceral fat, intra‐hepatic fat, and for improvement in blood pressure, an exercise training program based on aerobic exercise at moderate intensity is preferentially advised. Expected weight loss is however on average not more than 2 to 3 kg. For preservation of lean mass during weight loss, an exercise training program based on resistance training at moderate‐to‐high intensity is advised. For improvement in insulin sensitivity and for increasing cardiorespiratory fitness, any type of exercise training (aerobic, resistance, and combined aerobic or resistance) or high‐intensity interval training (after thorough assessment of cardiovascular risk and under supervision) can be advised. For increasing muscular fitness, an exercise training program based preferentially on resistance training alone or combined with aerobic training is advised. Other recommendations deal with the beneficial effects of exercise training programs on energy intake and appetite control, bariatric surgery outcomes, and quality of life and psychological outcomes in management of overweight and obesity.
Affordable oral health care: dental biofilm disruption using chloroplast made enzymes with chewing gum delivery
Authors: Singh Rahul , Ren Zhi , Shi Yao , Lin Shina , Kwon Kwang‐Chul , Balamurugan Shanmugaraj , Rai Vineeta , Mante Francis , Koo Hyun , Daniell Henry 
Published: June 2021

SummaryCurrent approaches for oral health care rely on procedures that are unaffordable to impoverished populations, whereas aerosolized droplets in the dental clinic and poor oral hygiene may contribute to spread of several infectious diseases including COVID‐19, requiring new solutions for dental biofilm/plaque treatment at home. Plant cells have been used to produce monoclonal antibodies or antimicrobial peptides for topical applications to decrease colonization of pathogenic microbes on dental surface. Therefore, we investigated an affordable method for dental biofilm disruption by expressing lipase, dextranase or mutanase in plant cells via the chloroplast genome. Antibiotic resistance gene used to engineer foreign genes into the chloroplast genome were subsequently removed using direct repeats flanking the aadA gene and enzymes were successfully expressed in marker‐free lettuce transplastomic lines. Equivalent enzyme units of plant‐derived lipase performed better than purified commercial enzymes against biofilms, specifically targeting fungal hyphae formation. Combination of lipase with dextranase and mutanase suppressed biofilm development by degrading the biofilm matrix, with concomitant reduction of bacterial and fungal accumulation. In chewing gum tablets formulated with freeze‐dried plant cells, expressed protein was stable up to 3 years at ambient temperature and was efficiently released in a time‐dependent manner using a mechanical chewing simulator device. Development of edible plant cells expressing enzymes eliminates the need for purification and cold‐chain transportation, providing a potential translatable therapeutic approach. Biofilm disruption through plant enzymes and chewing gum‐based delivery offers an effective and affordable dental biofilm control at home particularly for populations with minimal oral care access.
Genetic basis of kernel starch content decoded in a maize multi‐parent population
Authors: Hu Shuting , Wang Min , Zhang Xuan , Chen Wenkang , Song Xinran , Fu Xiuyi , Fang Hui , Xu Jing , Xiao Yingni , Li Yaru , Bai Guanghong , Li Jiansheng , Yang Xiaohong 
Published: June 2021

SummaryStarch is the most abundant storage carbohydrate in maize kernels and provides calories for humans and other animals as well as raw materials for various industrial applications. Decoding the genetic basis of natural variation in kernel starch content is needed to manipulate starch quantity and quality via molecular breeding to meet future needs. Here, we identified 50 unique single quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for starch content with 18 novel QTLs via single linkage mapping, joint linkage mapping and a genome‐wide association study in a multi‐parent population containing six recombinant inbred line populations. Only five QTLs explained over 10% of phenotypic variation in single populations. In addition to a few large‐effect and many small‐effect additive QTLs, limited pairs of epistatic QTLs also contributed to the genetic basis of the variation in kernel starch content. A regional association study identified five non‐starch‐pathway genes that were the causal candidate genes underlying the identified QTLs for starch content. The pathway‐driven analysis identified ZmTPS9, which encodes a trehalose‐6‐phosphate synthase in the trehalose pathway, as the causal gene for the QTL qSTA4−2, which was detected by all three statistical analyses. Knockout of ZmTPS9 increased kernel starch content and, in turn, kernel weight in maize, suggesting potential applications for ZmTPS9 in maize starch and yield improvement. These findings extend our knowledge about the genetic basis of starch content in maize kernels and provide valuable information for maize genetic improvement of starch quantity and quality.
Mixotrophy in diatoms: Molecular mechanism and industrial potential
Authors: Villanova Valeria , Spetea Cornelia 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDiatoms are microalgae well known for their high variability and high primary productivity, being responsible for about 20% of the annual global carbon fixation. Moreover, they are interesting as potential feedstocks for the production of biofuels and high‐value lipids and carotenoids. Diatoms exhibit trophic flexibility and, under certain conditions, they can grow mixotrophically by combing photosynthesis and respiration. So far, only a few species of diatoms have been tested for their mixotrophic metabolism; in some cases, they produced more biomass and with higher lipid content when grown under this condition. Phaeodactylum tricornutum is the most studied diatom species for its mixotrophic metabolism due to available genome sequence and molecular tools. However, studies in additional species are needed to better understand the conservation of this process in diatoms and its potential in industrial applications. Here, we describe the photosynthetic and respiratory pathways involved in mixotrophy and provide an overview of the trophic variability in diatoms. This review also highlights promising areas of industrial applications for diatoms when cultivated under mixotrophy.
Cascade Sensitivity Measures
Authors: Pesenti Silvana M. , Millossovich Pietro , Tsanakas Andreas 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn risk analysis, sensitivity measures quantify the extent to which the probability distribution of a model output is affected by changes (stresses) in individual random input factors. For input factors that are statistically dependent, we argue that a stress on one input should also precipitate stresses in other input factors. We introduce a novel sensitivity measure, termed cascade sensitivity, defined as a derivative of a risk measure applied on the output, in the direction of an input factor. The derivative is taken after suitably transforming the random vector of inputs, thus explicitly capturing the direct impact of the stressed input factor, as well as indirect effects via other inputs. Furthermore, alternative representations of the cascade sensitivity measure are derived, allowing us to address practical issues, such as incomplete specification of the model and high computational costs. The applicability of the methodology is illustrated through the analysis of a commercially used insurance risk model.
“They Will Be Like a Swarm of Locusts”: Race, Rurality, and Settler Colonialism in American Prepping Culture*
Authors: Ford Allison E. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPreppers represent a sub‐culture of Americans who prepare for the collapse of society, or “the end of the world as we know it,” via emergency preparedness and self‐sufficiency. Securing access to land and the rights to access natural resources are the tenets of self‐sufficiency. Preppers associate access to land, water, resources, and distance from the presumed danger of the urban core with the national myth of a white, settler‐colonial rural idyll. Rural living is thus an ideal of self‐sufficiency. Based on thematic narrative analysis of data derived from multi‐method ethnographic research (participant observation, digital ethnography, and interviews [n = 22]), I examine the relationship between settler‐colonialism, white hegemony, and environmental privilege in preppers' discourse about the rural. Preppers rely on racially based frameworks that align with hegemonic whiteness, color‐blind racism, and settler‐colonialism. Even as they deny the salience of structural racism, preppers make claims to superiority based on cultural capacities like individualism, meritocracy, rationality, and objectivity. They invoke these claims to justify individualized, defensive response to socio‐environmental risk that reproduces white possession of rural lands. Racialized prepper discourse informs the environmental practices that preppers adopt, based on claims to superiority and cultural entitlement to land rooted in settler‐colonial ethics.
Personality computing: New frontiers in personality assessment
Authors: Phan Le Vy , Rauthmann John F. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPersonality Computing (PC) is a burgeoning field at the intersection of personality and computer science that seeks to extract personality‐relevant information (e.g., on Big Five trait levels) from sensor‐assessed information (e.g., written texts, digital footprints, smartphone usage, non‐verbal behavior, speech patterns, game‐play, etc.). Such sensor‐based personality assessment promises novel and often technologically sophisticated ways to unobtrusively measure individual differences in a highly precise, granular, and faking‐resistant manner. We review the different conceptual underpinnings of PC; survey how well different types of sensors can capture different types of personality‐relevant information; discuss the evaluation of PC performance and psychometric issues (reliability and validity) of sensor‐derived scores as well as ethical, legal, and societal implications; and highlight how modern personality and computer science can be married more effectively to provide practically useful personality assessment. Together, this review aims to introduce readers to the opportunities, challenges, pitfalls, and implications of PC.
A Recommender System for the Additive Manufacturing of Component Inventories Using Machine Learning
Authors: Elaheh Ghiasian Seyedeh , Lewis Kemper 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
To appropriately leverage the benefits of additive manufacturing (AM), it would be advantageous if a printing could be guaranteed before allocating the necessary resources. Furthermore, when considering AM for an inventory of existing components traditionally fabricated through traditional means, such a guarantee could result in significant technical and economic advantages. To realize such advantages, this paper presents a platform that allows for a successful and efficient transition of part-inventories to AM. This is accomplished using a novel design recommender system supported by machine learning, capable of making suggestions towards effective design modifications. This system uses an automatic AM feasibility analysis of existing parts and a clustering of the parts based on similarities in their AM-feasibilities to develop a set of recommendations for those part clusters whose current designs are deemed as infeasible and/or inefficient for AM. The design modifications leverage a redesign algorithm to address not only problematic geometric issues but also potential infeasibilities associated with resource consumption. The utility of the presented modification algorithm is demonstrated using a number of case studies.
Design and Control Method of a Planar Omnidirectional Crawler Mechanism
Authors: Takane Eri , Tadakuma Kenjiro , Watanabe Masahiro , Konyo Masashi , Tadokoro Satoshi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOmnidirectional mobility is a popular method of moving in narrow spaces. In particular, the planar omnidirectional crawler previously developed by the authors can traverse unstable and uneven terrain with a large contact area. A novel point is that the proposed system is unique in its ability to carry heavy loads in all directions without getting stuck because of the large pressure-receiving area between the crawler and the ground. This work will facilitate omnidirectional motion, which has important implications for the use of robots in spaces such as not only factories, distribution centers, and warehouses but also soft soil in disaster sites. The objective of the present study was to establish a design and control method for an omnidirectional crawler mechanism that can conduct holonomic and two-axis cross-driving. Only two motors are set on the crawler base for translation in the X- and Y-directions, and two large crawler units are arranged for turning. We design a small crawler that has higher traversing ability with a derailment prevention mechanism and tapered track. Further, the relationship between the motor rotational speed as input and crawler velocity as output was verified for control. In addition, it was demonstrated experimentally that the proposed crawler could travel across various types of rough terrain in a target direction.