bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benefits of the Involvement of Dentists in Managing Oral Complications Among Patients With Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Cancer: An Analysis of Claims Data
Authors: Choi Sung Eun , Choudhary Abhishek , Sonis Stephen , Villa Alessandro 
Published: February 2021

PURPOSE: Patients with oral cancer and oropharyngeal cancer frequently develop treatment-related oral complications that negatively affect patients' quality-of-life, cost, and health outcomes. We investigated whether the provider specialty affected the costs and treatment duration of managing oral complications. METHODS: Using deidentified claims from a commercial insurer from 2008 to 2019, we compared costs and duration of common oral complication management between patients whose care included a dentist, with those whose care did not include a dentist. Our primary outcomes were treatment cost and duration. Multivariate linear regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between the primary outcomes and involvement of dentists. Separate analyses were conducted for acute and chronic oral complications. RESULTS: Involvement of dentists in oral complications management resulted in lower costs and shorter treatment duration for acute complications on average. For chronic complications, when dentists were involved, the average cost was higher by $1,672 (USD) (95% CI, 1,124 to 2,219), but the average treatment duration was shorter by 74 days (95% CI, 62 to 84). When complications were acute, dentists’ intervention was beneficial for dentofacial functional abnormalities, disorders of teeth and supporting structures, stomatitis and mucositis (ulcerative), and thrush, in terms of both costs and duration. Among chronic complications, dental caries was the only complication type that resulted in lower cost and shorter treatment duration with dentists’ involvement. CONCLUSION: Oral complications of cancer therapy incur a significant financial and clinical burden. Involvement of dentists results in shorter treatment duration, while lowering the financial burden of care for certain complication types.
Impact of CT convolution kernel on robustness of radiomic features for different lung diseases and tissue types
Authors: Denzler Sarah , Vuong Diem , Bogowicz Marta , Pavic Matea , Frauenfelder Thomas , Thierstein Sandra , Eboulet Eric Innocents , Maurer Britta , Schniering Janine , Gabryś Hubert Szymon , Schmitt-Opitz Isabelle , Pless Miklos , Foerster Robert , Guckenberger Matthias , Tanadini-Lang Stephanie 
Published: February 2021

Objectives:
In this study, we aimed to assess the impact of different CT reconstruction kernels on the stability of radiomic features and the transferability between different diseases and tissue types. Three lung diseases were evaluated, i.e. non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) and interstitial lung disease related to systemic sclerosis (SSc-ILD) as well as four different tissue types, i.e. primary tumor, largest involved lymph node ipsilateral and contralateral lung.

Methods:
Pre-treatment non-contrast enhanced CT scans from 23 NSCLC, 10 MPM and 12 SSc-ILD patients were collected retrospectively. For each patient, CT scans were reconstructed using smooth and sharp kernel in filtered back projection. The regions of interest (ROIs) were contoured on the smooth kernel-based CT and transferred to the sharp kernel-based CT. The voxels were resized to the largest voxel dimension of each cohort. In total, 1386 features were analyzed. Feature stability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient. Features above the stability threshold &gt;0.9 were considered stable.

Results:
We observed a strong impact of the reconstruction method on stability of the features (at maximum 26% of the 1386 features were stable). Intensity features were the most stable followed by texture and wavelet features. The wavelet features showed a positive correlation between percentage of stable features and size of the ROI (R2 = 0.79, p = 0.005). Lymph node radiomics showed poorest stability (&lt;10%) and lung radiomics the largest stability (26%). Robustness analysis done on the contralateral lung could to a large extent be transferred to the ipsilateral lung, and the overlap of stable lung features between different lung diseases was more than 50%. However, results of robustness studies cannot be transferred between tissue types, which was investigated in NSCLC and MPM patients; the overlap of stable features for lymph node and lung, as well as for primary tumor and lymph node was very small in both disease types.

Conclusion:
The robustness of radiomic features is strongly affected by different reconstruction kernels. The effect is largely influenced by the tissue type and less by the disease type.

Advances in knowledge:
The study presents to our knowledge the most complete analysis on the impact of convolution kernel on the robustness of CT-based radiomics for four relevant tissue types in three different lung diseases.
Perceptions of Surrogacy Within the Yoruba Socio-Cultural Context of Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
Authors: Alabi Oluwatobi Joseph 
Published: February 2021

Background: Surrogacy might be a reproductive process that brings joy and fulfilment to many but it also brings with it numerous ethical and legal concerns; it raises questions about the fundamental human rights, welfare and wellbeing of women and infants especially within a context where it is barely regulated. This article examines the perception of surrogacy within the Yoruba socio-cultural context in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. It brings to the fore various socio-cultural concerns that questions the influence of surrogacy as a reproductive process on womanhood, motherhood and parenthood. It discusses by analysing the narratives of participants how surrogacy process is a dereliction of the sacredness and cultural sanctity of the family system, most especially in an African context. Methods: 15 stakeholders (traditional birth attendants and gynaecologists) were engaged in an in-depth interview to unravel the challenges surrogacy might or is encountering within the socio-cultural context of Ado-Ekiti. Results: There are various social, cultural and religious beliefs that police the reproductive sphere of the Yoruba socio-cultural group, which has grave implications on fertility treatment. These socio-cultural and religious factors do not provide a fertile ground for surrogacy to thrive within the study location. Hence, it is important that the socio-cultural framing of reproduction within this cultural context become receptive to medical reproductive solutions and innovations if at all the processes are to thrive or at least become less stigmatised. Conclusions: The process of surrogacy is very complex and people’s attitude towards the practice is greatly influenced by their culture, religion and social belief systems about what is considered appropriate for procreation. Also, it is important to have clear-cut policy regulating surrogacy and all forms of ARTs in Nigeria, as this will protect women and infants, as well as, ensure that they are not to exposed abuse, commercialization and exploitation.
ОЦЕНКА ЭЛАСТИЧНОСТИ ТРАНСПОРТНОГО СПРОСА НА ОСНОВЕ МОДЕЛЕЙ ВЫБОРА СПОСОБА ПЕРЕДВИЖЕНИЯ В ГОРОДАХ
Authors: Litvinov Alexander Vladimirovich , Donchenko Vadim Valerianovich 
Published: February 2021

При разработке мероприятий по управлению транспортным спросом возникает потребность в оценке эластичности спроса на передвижения определенным способом по стоимости или характеристике качества транспортного обслуживания. Оценка эластичности транспортного спроса может быть осуществлена на основе моделей выбора способа передвижения.Цель исследования – описание и применение подхода к оценке эластичности транспортного спроса на основе моделей выбора способа передвижения в городах.Материалы и методы исследования: подход к оценке эластичности транспортного спроса основывается на математическом моделировании выбора способа передвижения в городах. Эмпирической базой для разработки моделей и проведения модельных экспериментов являлись результаты социологического исследования подвижности населения города Южно-Сахалинска, а также данные о стоимости передвижений и характеристиках качества транспортного обслуживания каждым способом передвижения.Результаты: описан и апробирован подход к оценке эластичности спроса по стоимостным и качественным характеристикам транспортного обслуживания на краткосрочную перспективу (до двух лет).Применение результатов исследования: результаты исследования могут использоваться для оценки эластичности транспортного спроса при разработке мероприятий по управлению транспортным спросом в городах.
Research of effects by donators nitrogen of oxygen in complex therapy during experimental peritonitis
Authors: Savytskyi I. V. , Tsypoviaz S. V. , Lenik R. G. , Bilash O. V. , Zashchuk R. H. , Miastkivska I. V. 
Published: February 2021

The research was conducted on 175 white rats of reproductive age (3 months), weight of animals - 180-220 g. Animals were divided into 4 groups:Group 1 - 20 intact animals. Group 2 - 50 rats with simulated fecal peritonitis.Group 3 - 50 rats with simulated fecal peritonitis with subsequent antibiotic correction and debridement by chlorhexidine solution. Group 4 - 50 rats with simulated fecal peritonitis with subsequent antibiotic correction, chlorhexidine debridement and endothelial dysfunction correction with the use of a nitric oxide donor.Fecal peritonitis was modeled using injection of 10% fecal suspension in a dose of 0.5 ml per100 gof animal weight in the abdominal cavity of laboratory animals by puncture method (Lazarenko V.A., et al., 2016, patent No. 233826).The following results were obtained.Histologically confirmed the development of experimental peritonitis in all groups of the experiment. In the group №2 on the third day the deterioration of the studied structures was established. In the group in which the experimental peritonitis was corrected by antibiotic therapy and chlorhexidine remediation, the effectiveness of the correction was morphologically proven. In group 4, macroscopic and microscopic examinations of the intestine, liver, and abdomen did not reveal significant differences from the histological picture we observed in rats of the intact group.
Effect of environmental pollution on indicators of humoral immunity in patients with neonatal sepsis
Authors: Vlasova Olena Vasylivna , Hrytsiuk Mariana Ivanivna 
Published: February 2021

The problem of an unfavorable impact of environmental factors on the population's health is becoming significantly important every year and is being actively discussed by leading experts around the world. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the indicators of humoral immunity in 260 newborns with neonatal sepsis under different conditions of environmental pollution of their parents' residence. There was a bigger part of prematurely born children among patients with neonatal sepsis living in polluted areas. The level of immunoglobulins A, M, G in the blood serum of a group of children whose parents lived in polluted areas were established to be significantly lower than in newborns whose parents lived in clean areas. Patients with neonatal sepsis whose parents lived in polluted areas of the city had significantly lower indicators of immunoglobulin levels in blood serum than children whose parents lived in rural areas.
Necrotic Enterocolitis: Clinical and Anamnestic Parallels in Premature Infants.
Authors: Vlasova Olena Vasylivna , Hrytsiuk Mariana Ivanivna , Kolyubakina Larisa Viktorovna , Homma Natalia Vasylivna 
Published: February 2021

Necrotic enterocolitis (NEC) in neonatal practice remains one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in premature infants due to the combined effect of various pathogenic factors: infectious, metabolic, circulatory on the relatively immature bowel. Most often the onset of the disease occurs at the gestational age of the baby 29-32 weeks at the age of 2-3 weeks of life.Objective of study: evaluation of anamnestic, clinical and paraclinical data and course of NEC in premature infants who were hospitalized in the neonatal unit of Regional Children's Clinical Hospital (RCCH) of Chernivtsi.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the diseases of 28 premature infants who were hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of RCCH was performed. While in the hospital, all children underwent general clinical, biochemical, instrumental methods of investigation and determination of immunological parameters of the infectious-inflammatory process in the blood serum, namely the level of C-reactive protein and pressepsin was made.Results. Among the examined, the proportion of deeply premature infants (up to 32 weeks of gestation) was 50%, including extremely low weight 17.8%. About 80% of children were born with signs of asphyxia of varying severity. It was shown that the development of NEC in premature children is associated with a burdened infectious history in mothers amid anemia (r = + 0.79), a short gestation period (r = + 0.44), and a low Apgar score in the fifth minute (r = + 0.45), the severity of the condition at admission to the hospital (r = + 0.74), the need for long-term mechanical ventilation (r = + 0.67), hemodynamic support with the vasoactive drugs (r = + 0.39), apnea development (r = + 0.83), feeding intolerance (r = + 0.45) and thrombocytopenia (r = +0.68). It was established that the determination of serum presepsin content makes it possible to verify the genesis of the development of NEC.Conclusion. The formation of NEC in premature infants is associated with the development of multiple organ failure in the anamnesis due to asphyxia, and its chances are increased due to the presence of a generalized infectious inflammatory process.
Symptom correlations of organic brain impairment and psychopathology in patients with residual schizophrenia
Authors: Safonov D. N. 
Published: February 2021

Relevance. Organic brain impairment (OBI) is one of the most well studied comorbid pathology to schizophrenia. Nevertheless it is not clear yet, how it influences some structural and dynamic aspects of main pathology, such as positive symptoms variability and intensity or negative symptoms progression.Aim – to analyze influence of most common types of organic brain impairment and intensity of residual schizophrenia symptoms. Materials and methods. A study was performed on 100 case histories of patients of Zaporozhye Regional Clinical Psychiatric Hospital who were treated as inpatients with diagnosis of recurrent schizophrenia (ICD-10:F20.5) in time period from 2010 to 2020. Results. On the first stage of a study we studied contingent’s medical history focusing on probable organic brain impairment inducing factors: cerebrovascular catastrophes, cerebrovascular diseases and cerebrovascular conditions. We gathered clinical data on intensity of main positive and negative recurrent schizophrenia symptoms. Among positive symptoms rating in study contingent only conceptual disorganization reaches moderate level of intensity. Negative symptoms among studied patients have higher average intensity than positive with evenly moderate levels with exceptions of difficulty in abstract thinking and stereotyped thinking. We analyzed correlations between organic brain impairment inducing factors and positive and negative syndromes scale categories intensity rating. For correlation statistical interpretation we used Chaddock scale. Only weak correlations were found between positive symptom ratings and OBI inducing factors correlations both positive and negative. For negative symptom ratings we have found all weak correlations but one (traumatic brain injury have moderate negative correlation with conceptual disorganization). Conclusions. Analysis of correlations between organic brain impairment inducing factors with positive and negative symptoms revealed controversial data but definitely demonstrated presence of weak up to moderate influence of organic brain impairment on positive and negative symptom intensity. However this influence is both positive and negative according to specific symptom as well as specific organic brain impairment variant.
The condition of neuro-endocrine systems in acute experimental myocardial infarction against the background of various reactivity of the organism
Authors: Popov V. M. 
Published: February 2021

The adequacy of recovery processes in myocardial infarction (MI) significantly depends on the state of reactivity of the organism, which, in turn, is determined by the adequacy of neuro-endocrine regulation, in particular, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) and hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) system system.Purpose of the study. To investigate the condition of HPA and HPT in acute experimental MI against the background of different reactivity of the organism.Material and methods. The study was performed on 20 outbred adult dogs weighing 8-12 kg, in which MI was simulated by ligation of the anterior interventricular artery. Animals were divided into three groups (n =5 in each group). The condition of hyperreactivity was caused by the introduction of pyrogenal (group 2), the state of hyporeactivity - the introduction of azothioprine (group 3), in group 1 drugs were not used (state of normoreactivity). In the control group used 5 falsely operated dogs with thoracopericardiotomy. In animals before surgery, on 1, 4, 7, 11 and 15 days in the blood was determined by the content of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) , cortisol (Cr), aldosterone (Ald), thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Statistical processing was performed using license packages Statistica 5.5 (Stat Soft Rus), Statistica Neural Networks (Statsoft Inc.).Results. Normoreactive course of myocardial infarction was characterized by primary activation of HPA, which was most pronounced for Cortisol, followed by restoration of ACTH and Aldosterone levels and duration of activation of the central link up to 4 days, peripheral - up to 7-11 days; reciprocal in relation to HPA inhibition of the functional activity of the HPT, most pronounced on the 4th day and lasting up to 15 days. Such changes caused the healing of myocardial infarction through the formation of a full-fledged post-infarction scar. The hyperreactive course of myocardial infarction was characterized by hypersecretion of ACTH with hypercorticism and hyperaldosteronism and less pronounced suppression of HPT with the restoration of its functional activity on the 7th day. The hyporeactive course of myocardial infarction was characterized by a minimally pronounced and delayed up to 4 days activation of HPA with Aldosterone hyposecretion on the 15th day; deep hypothyroidism of both central and peripheral genesis. Impaired reactivity was accompanied by an increase in the area of necrosis and a decrease in the thickness of the heart wall with the formation of postinfarction aneurysm.Conclusions. Desynchronization of necrotic and reparative processes with a change in reactivity leads to a disruption in the relationship between necrosis and repair with the formation of postinfarction aneurysm, which is accompanied by different activities of the HPA and HPT.
The effectiveness of hippotherapy in relation to cerebral palsy - a review
Authors: Bator Damian , Wójcik Magdalena , Szarpak Julita , Nieścior Hubert , Dąbrowska Justyna , Piecewicz-Szczęsna Halina 
Published: February 2021

Cerebral Palsy (CP) includes a group of movement and posture development disorders which cause activity limitation and are related to non-progressive disturbances during the fetal or infant brain development. In recent years, the use of hippotherapy as a rehabilitation of spstatic movement disorders in patients with cerebral palsy is gaining in popularity. Hippotherapy is a physical therapy treatment based on the horse's movements, under the direction of an expert physical therapist. The horse's seat is considered as a dynamic support base. Thus, it is an excellent tool to improve and develop postural control, trunk strength, and balance. It allows to build overall postural strength and endurance, address weight-bearing, and motor planning. The therapeutic results obtained with the application of hippotherapy treatments has encouraged research into developing an advanced hippotherapy platform or simulators that "imitate" the movements of a horse, so that this therapy may be more accessible and adaptable to patients. The purpose of this report is to identify the forms and programmes of hippotherapy used, and to summarise and assess the latest available evidence of their clinical effectiveness in the rehabilitation of symptoms in patients with cerebral palsy. Method: a review of publications on the effectiveness of hippotherapy programmes in the rehabilitation of symptoms in patients with cerebral palsy. Finally, 8 original tests were included in the review whose data have been extracted. The results of the research indicate that hippotherapy may be beneficial in the rehabilitation of symptoms in patients with cerebral palsy. The review suggests that further research is needed to establish a solid evidence base for hippotherapy among people with these problems. The promising results so far support further research projects.
Physical therapy of static and dynamic motor disorders in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy
Authors: Nekhanevych Oleh , Byoung-Yul Yun 
Published: February 2021

IntroductionRegardless an improgressive habit of neural disorders in cerebral palsy (CP), without a therapy the motor abnormalities’ severity rising is registered and as a result with age the physical dysfunction progressively increases.PurposeTo improve the static and dynamic motor disorders’ and activity limitations physiotherapy efficiency among the children with hemiplegic CP form via the therapeutic training program on the developed device for rehabilitation of the people with muscle-skeleton disorder.Material and methods 24 children with unilateral CP aged from 6 to 11 were enrolled into the research. The patients were randomized into 2 groups. Additionally to the standard physiotherapy complex the I group were prescribed with the walking trainings on the rehabilitation device according to the dynamic method, the II group – according to the static method. Physiotherapy program duration was 6 weeks. The gait spatiotemporal characteristics and activity limitations were monitored.Results Appling developed program influenced on the walking spatiotemporal indexes in the both groups. The biggest increase of the distance and stride length were reached exactly on the 2 week. Herewith, distance incremental amount in the I group was higher than in the II study group. TUG test’s time decreased statistically efficiently in the I group. Maximum TUG test’s index depression was observed on the 6th study weeks. As a result GMFM-66 increased in I group.Conclusions An administration of the developed therapeutic program affected positively on the CP patients’ spatiotemporal walking characteristics, balance and endurance, as a result, decreased the fall risk and activity limitations.