bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weight of evidence approach using a TK gene mutation assay with human TK6 cells for follow-up of positive results in Ames tests: a collaborative study by MMS/JEMS
Authors: Yasui Manabu , Fukuda Takayuki , Ukai Akiko , Maniwa Jiro , Imamura Tadashi , Hashizume Tsuneo , Yamamoto Haruna , Shibuya Kaori , Narumi Kazunori , Fujiishi Yohei , Okada Emiko , Fujishima Saori , Yamamoto Mika , Otani Naoko , Nakamura Maki , Nishimura Ryoichi , Ueda Maya , Mishima Masayuki , Matsuzaki Kaori , Takeiri Akira , Tanaka Kenji , Okada Yuki , Nakagawa Munehiro , Hamada Shuichi , Kajikawa Akihiko , Honda Hiroshi , Adachi Jun , Misaki Kentaro , Ogawa Kumiko , Honma Masamitsu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Conflicting results between bacterial mutagenicity tests (the Ames test) and mammalian carcinogenicity tests might be due to species differences in metabolism, genome structure, and DNA repair systems. Mutagenicity assays using human cells are thought to be an advantage as follow-up studies for positive results in Ames tests. In this collaborative study, a thymidine kinase gene mutation study (TK6 assay) using human lymphoblastoid TK6 cells, established in OECD TG490, was used to examine 10 chemicals that have conflicting results in mutagenicity studies (a positive Ames test and a negative result in rodent carcinogenicity studies).

Results
Two of 10 test substances were negative in the overall judgment (20% effective as a follow-up test). Three of these eight positive substances were negative after the short-term treatment and positive after the 24 h treatment, despite identical treatment conditions without S9. A toxicoproteomic analysis of TK6 cells treated with 4-nitroanthranilic acid was thus used to aid the interpretation of the test results. This analysis using differentially expressed proteins after the 24 h treatment indicated that in vitro specific oxidative stress is involved in false positive response in the TK6 assay.

Conclusions
The usefulness of the TK6 assay, by current methods that have not been combined with new technologies such as proteomics, was found to be limited as a follow-up test, although it still may help to reduce some false positive results (20%) in Ames tests. Thus, the combination analysis with toxicoproteomics may be useful for interpreting false positive results raised by 24 h specific reactions in the assay, resulting in the more reduction (> 20%) of false positives in Ames test.
Depression among end-stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis: a cross-sectional study from Palestine
Authors: Al-Jabi Samah W. , Sous Ansam , Jorf Fatimah , Taqatqa Mahmoud , Allan Mahdi , Sawalha Lamees , Lubadeh Enas , Sweileh Waleed M. , Zyoud Sa’ed H. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
The impact of end-stage renal disease on the patient’s psychological status necessitates the value of increasing depression awareness. The current study aimed to assess the depression prevalence among Palestinian hemodialyzed patients and its association with patients’ characteristics.

Methods
A convenience clustered sampling technique was followed. Sample was collected from ten hemodialysis centers in the West Bank, Palestine, during 3 months in 2015. We used the Beck Depression Inventory-II scale (BDI-II) to evaluate depression among participants. All data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16.0.

Results
Two hundred and eighty-six hemodialyzed patients were interviewed. The mean age (± standard deviation) of the patients was 52.0 ± 14.3 years, and most participants were males 172 (60.1%). Regarding the dialysis characteristics, the median of years of dialysis was 2 years (1–4). The prevalence of depression was 73.1%. Elderly patients (p = 0.001), female (p = 0.036), living in rural areas or camp (p = 0.032), low income (p = 0.041), unemployment (p = 0.001), not doing regular exercise (p = 0.001), and having multi comorbidities (p = 0.001) were significantly associated with more depression scores. The results of binary logistic regression showed that only patients who were living in camps, patients who were previously employed, and patients who were not practicing exercise remained significantly associated with a higher depression score.

Conclusions
This study is the first one confirmed about depression and its prevalence among hemodialyzed patients in the West Bank, Palestine. Compared to other communities, the study found a higher depression prevalence rate. There is a need to offer psychological interviews and non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions.
First record and range extension of the transversely-dividing azooxanthellate coral Truncatoflabellum mortenseni Cairns and Zibrowius, 1997 (Scleractinia, Flabellidae) in the Persian Gulf, Western Indo-Pacific Ocean
Authors: Maghsoudlou Abdolvahab , Alidoost Salimi Parisa , Owfi Fereidoon 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn the Persian Gulf, Azooxanthellate Scleractinia remain understudied compared to their symbiotic counterparts. Here, we report the presence of azooxanthellate coral Truncatoflabellum mortenseni (Cairns & Zibrowius, 1997) for the first time in Iranian deep waters. This species was found on soft sediments at depths of 83 and 101 m. Given this report, the distribution range of T. mortenseni, previously known to exist only in the Indonesian-Philippine regions, is now expanded to the Persian Gulf.
An accelerated solution for some classes of nonlinear partial differential equations
Authors: El-Kalla I. L. , Mohamed E. M. , El-Saka H. A. A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we apply an accelerated version of the Adomian decomposition method for solving a class of nonlinear partial differential equations. This version is a smart recursive technique in which no differentiation for computing the Adomian polynomials is needed. Convergence analysis of this version is discussed, and the error of the series solution is estimated. Some numerical examples were solved, and the numerical results illustrate the effectiveness of this version.
Approach to the Patient Treated with Steroidogenesis Inhibitors
Authors: Castinetti Frederic , Nieman Lynnette K , Reincke Martin , Newell-Price John 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Steroidogenesis inhibitors can be given to control the hypercortisolism of Cushing’s syndrome in various situations: when surgery has been unsuccessful or not possible; in metastatic adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) or cortisol-secreting tumors; when waiting for the maximal efficacy of radiation techniques; for rapid treatment of severe hypercortisolism in patients with occult ACTH-producing tumors; or as a presurgical treatment in patients with severe comorbidities. Whilst biochemical “control” can be achieved in more than 50% of cases, daily management of such drugs can be challenging. Indeed, with a “dose-titration” or a “block and replace” approach, defining eucortisolism is usually difficult, requiring the measurement of several biological markers. Moreover, each drug has its own side effects, which must be monitored closely. The aim of this “approach to the patient” is to shed light on the management of hypercortisolism with 4 steroidogenesis inhibitors (ketoconazole, levoketoconazole, metyrapone, osilodrostat) to help endocrinologists dealing with patients with Cushing’s syndrome. Various points will be discussed, such as initial dose of treatment, dose schedule, monitoring of efficacy, and side effects of monotherapy. The combination of steroidogenesis inhibitors will also be discussed.
High protein diet: benefits and risks
Authors: Altashina M. V. , Ivannikova E. V. , Troshina E. A. 
Published: March 2021

The nature of human nutrition has become increasingly important as an effective element in the prevention and treatment of many pathologies, especially obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. High protein diets are some of the most popular eating patterns and the Dukan diet has taken the lead in popularity among the diets of this type. An increase of protein in the diet is effective in reducing body weight, primarily due to the loss of adipose tissue, without a significant effect on muscle mass. Another advantage of a high-protein diet is earlier and longer satiety compared to other diets, which makes it comfortable for use. Besides obesity, high protein diets are presumably effective for treating such diseases as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases However, despite the important advantages, this nutritional model is not universal and is contraindicated in patients with diseases of liver, kidneys and osteoporosis. Besides, the prolonged use of a high protein diet may increase the risks of urolithiasis and reduced mineral bone density even for healthy individuals. Thus, the increase in the proportion of protein in the diet should take place exclusively under the supervision of a physician.
Peculiarities of the COVID-19 course and consequences in overweight and obese patients. Lessons from the current pandemic
Authors: Demidova T. Yu. , Volkova E. I. , Gritskevich E. Yu. 
Published: March 2021

Treatment difficulties of COVID-19 have determined the need to identify predictive risk factors for the development of a complicated disease course, critical conditions and death. Endocrine and metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity, including impaired insulin sensitivity, chronic inflammation and impaired lipid and fatty acid metabolism, increase immunological dysregulation and make these patients more susceptible to developing infectious diseases. Research data allows us to single out obesity as a risk factor for the aggravated course of COVID-19, as well as a longer period before the virus elimination, and, therefore, the risk of virus transmission. Potentiation of cardiovascular risk factors, an increase in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, coagulopathy are factors in the development of unfavorable outcomes in such patients.This review presents literature data on the features of the course and the mechanisms of development of complications in patients with new coronavirus infection and obesity. Taking into account the need to restore metabolic health to increase the adaptive and resistant capacities of the body in the face of the threat of a new increase in the prevalence of COVID-19, the possibilities of treating obesity using a combined preparation containing sibutramine and metformin in one tablet, are discussed.
Effect of glucocorticoids on bone metabolism in replacement therapy of adrenal insufficiency. Literature review
Authors: Yukina M. Yu. , Chernova M. O. , Nuralieva N. F. , Eremkina A. K. , Troshina E. A. , Melnichenko G. A. , Mokrysheva N. G. 
Published: March 2021

Adrenal insufficiency (AI) is a syndrome caused by disturbance in the synthesis and secretion of hormones of the adrenal cortex, which ensure the vital activity, energy and water-salt homeostasis. The widest hormonal deficiency is observed in primary hypocorticism, when the synthesis of not only glucocorticoids (GC) and adrenal androgens, but also mineralocorticoids is disrupted. Lifelong replacement therapy with GCs for this pathology may be associated with a risk of bone loss and osteoporosis. However, at present, there are no clear guidelines for diagnosis of bone condition, including and bone mineral density (BMD) monitoring during treatment with GCs in patients with AI. This review summarizes collected data on the key pathogenetic links of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, incidence of decreased BMD and fractures in patients with AI. In this review factors that influence bone metabolism in this cohort of patients are considered: the type and the dose of prescribed GCs, the type (primary, secondary, HH in congenital adrenal cortex dysfunction) and the duration of AI, age, gender, and the presence of concomitant endocrine disorders (hypogonadism, growth hormone (GH) deficiency). In addition, the review presents data on the effect of adrenal androgen replacement therapy and recombinant GH therapy on bone metabolism in secondary AI.
Determination of Priority Scale Provincial Road Handling in Purwakarta District, West Java
Authors: Setiawan Asep , Barnadi Yudi , Hirary Marisa , . Martoni 
Published: March 2021

The provincial roads maintenance and repair are often constrained by limited budgets, so that the road management priority is generally determined by policy factors, which often cause roads treatment disparity. The purpose of this study was to determine the criteria and sub-criteria, the weights of criteria and sub-criteria, as well as develop a mathematical equation in order to determine to roads handling priority in the area of Purwakarta, West Java. The Delphi and Cut Off Point methods were applied to determine the criteria, which result in three criteria selected i.e. road condition, traffic volume and economic factors respectively. Afterward, the Analytical Hierarchy Process was used to determine the weighting factors for the criteria and sub-criteria. The results for the criteria weights were as follows: the roads conditions had a weighting factor of 67.7%, the traffic volume of 18.3% and the economy of 13.0%. Based on the criteria and sub-criteria weight, a mathematical equation was developed to define the handling priority of roads in Purwakarta.Â Â
Compressive Strength of Cement Mortar with white cement and limestone
Authors: Saadi Klak Fadya , I. Abdulla Aziz 
Published: March 2021

In this paper, the properties of cement mortar were studied after replacing part of the cement with other materials namely white cement, and limestone powder. The experimental test results were compared with normal cement mortar. Three kinds of mixtures were used. In the first type, cement was replaced with white cement only with differentÂ ratesÂ (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, and 50%), the best ratio was determined, namely, the percentage that gave the highest value in the compression strength test, which is the compensatory ratio of 25%. In the second type of mixtures, a fraction of the cement was replaced with limestone powder only and with different rates (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%). In the third type, cement was replaced by 25% white cement and different limestone powder ratio. Super-plasticizer (SP) was used with 1.5% rate. The compressive strength, absorption, the dry and wet density of all mixtures was measured. The results showed that the use of white cement instead of cement led to the production of cement mortar different in colors and better specifications, especially when the compensation rate was 25%. The results also showed that limestone powder gave a remarkable improvement in the properties of white cement mortar.Â Â
Design and Analysis of Robot PID Controller Using Digital Signal Processing Techniques
Authors: A. Asker Mshari , S. Gaeid Khalaf , N. Tawfeeq Nada , K. Zain Humam , I. Kauther Ali , Q Abdullah Thamir 
Published: March 2021

Recently robotic is a playing vital role in the life In our modern society, the usage of robotic arms are increasing and much of the work in the industry is now performed by robots. As robots begin to behave like humans in an intelligent manner, control system becomes a major concern. In this paper, design and analyses ofÂ the pick and place robot due to control, the forearm, wrist, desired turntable and desired bicep is introduced to construct a closed system with four degrees of freedom (4DOFs). The main performance specifications are the accuracy and stability of the input system for obtaining a good system performance. Implementation of the control system using PID parameters for stability, minimum steady state error, minimum overshoot and faster system response has been carried out. The designÂ of two degree of freedom PID(2DoFPID) to control robotic arm along with first order low pass filter(LPF) to compensate the unwanted signal is improved. To be able to implement such a precise and effective system, feedback system has to be made to improve the overall performance specifications. The digital signal processing controller (Arduino Uno) is used as it is active, cheap , it has open source code and easy to use in the software and hardware applications.Experimental set up developed in addition to the Matlab/Simulink implementation of the complete system. The results and the communication signals test ensure smooth operation of the control system and the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.Â Â Â
Real-world virtual patient simulation to improve diagnostic performance through deliberate practice: a prospective quasi-experimental study
Authors: Kotwal Susrutha , Fanai Mehdi , Fu Wei , Wang Zheyu , Bery Anand K. , Omron Rodney , Tevzadze Nana , Gold Daniel , Garibaldi Brian T. , Wright Scott M. , Newman-Toker David E. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Diagnostic errors are pervasive in medicine and most often caused by clinical reasoning failures. Clinical presentations characterized by nonspecific symptoms with broad differential diagnoses (e.g., dizziness) are especially prone to such errors.

Methods
We hypothesized that novice clinicians could achieve proficiency diagnosing dizziness by training with virtual patients (VPs). This was a prospective, quasi-experimental, pretest-posttest study (2019) at a single academic medical center. Internal medicine interns (intervention group) were compared to second/third year residents (control group). A case library of VPs with dizziness was developed from a clinical trial (AVERT-NCT02483429). The approach (VIPER – Virtual Interactive Practice to build Expertise using Real cases) consisted of brief lectures combined with 9 h of supervised deliberate practice. Residents were provided dizziness-related reading and teaching modules. Both groups completed pretests and posttests.

Results
For interns (n=22) vs. residents (n=18), pretest median diagnostic accuracy did not differ (33% [IQR 18–46] vs. 31% [IQR 13–50], p=0.61) between groups, while posttest accuracy did (50% [IQR 42–67] vs. 20% [IQR 17–33], p=0.001). Pretest median appropriate imaging did not differ (33% [IQR 17–38] vs. 31% [IQR 13–38], p=0.89) between groups, while posttest appropriateness did (65% [IQR 52–74] vs. 25% [IQR 17–36], p<0.001).

Conclusions
Just 9 h of deliberate practice increased diagnostic skills (both accuracy and testing appropriateness) of medicine interns evaluating real-world dizziness ‘in silico’ more than ∼1.7 years of residency training. Applying condensed educational experiences such as VIPER across a broad range of common presentations could significantly enhance diagnostic education and translate to improved patient care.
Design and analysis of uncoupled heterogeneous trench-assisted multi-core fiber (MCF)
Authors: Singh Garima , Kaur Gurjit 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, author has presented design strategies for two core uncoupled heterogeneous multi-core fiber (MCF) to achieve minimum crosstalk. Authors have studied the variation of crosstalk between the cores in respect to the MCF parameters like bending radius, wavelength, core position and fiber length, so that single mode propagation can be made through designed uncoupled heterogeneous cores. The other important performance parameters of MCF i.e. group delay and dispersion have also been discussed in the paper.
Effect of coconut fiber treatment with limestone water media on the fiber surface, wettability, and interface shear strength
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisno , Soenoko Rudy , Irawan Yudy Surya , Widodo Teguh Dwi 
Published: March 2021

The development of technology has increased the need for composite materials, where the technology of composite materials with natural fiber reinforcement is growing. The existence of natural fiber is very abundant, and it has not been fully utilized. Until now, the use of coconut fiber was still limited to the furniture and household handicraft industries. Coconut coir fiber has the potential as a raw material for composite materials. The lack of strength of the bonds is due to the hydrophobic fiber, and the fiber surface is less rough, and dirty. This study evaluates the coir surface characteristic of the fiber and its bounding with the polyester matrix after being treated by limestone water. The scanning electron microscope was used for observing fiber surfaces and surface matrix. The wettability test to observe fiber surface energy was performed. Interface shear strength to evaluate the bonds between fibers and matrix was determined. Coconut coir fibers were immersed in limestone water, with a 5 % percentage of limestone and time variations of 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 hours. The scanning microscope electron observations of fibers show that the fiber surface tends to be clean, rough, and grooved. The highest surface energy was obtained at 40.74 mN/m during the limestone water immersion for 8 hours. The highest value of the interface shear strength between the fiber and the matrix is 3.80 MPa during 8-hour immersion, 0, 4, 12, 16, and 20-hour immersion, respectively, 3.02, 3.09, 3.52, 3.47, and 4.40 MPa. The results showed that coir fiber with limestone water immersion for 8 hours had a clean, rough, and grooved surface so that the bond between the fiber and matrix was better. This research shows that limestone water can be used as a fiber treatment medium which was natural
Development of a new suspension electrolyte based on methane-sulphonic acid for the electrodeposition of Cu–TiO2 composites
Authors: Sknar Irina , Sknar Yuri , Hrydnieva Tatyana , Riabik Pavel , Demchyshyna Oksana , Gerasimenko Dmitriy 
Published: March 2021

Electrodeposition of composite coatings based on copper is a promising direction in the creation of advanced materials for multifunctional purposes. An important area of composites application is to use them in the treatment systems for gas emissions and wastewater. It is advisable to use semiconductor oxide materials, in particular titanium dioxide, as the photocatalysts in the photo destruction of organic pollutants of wastewater. The structural features of wastewater treatment equipment require that titanium dioxide particles should be fixed in a rigid matrix. Resolving the task of fixing photosensitive elements at the surface of a certain configuration implies the electrodeposition of coatings by composites, in particular Cu–TiO2. An important factor affecting the functional characteristics of composites and their manufacturing technology is the nature of the electrolyte. It has been shown that the electrodeposition of Cu–TiO2 composites from methane-sulfonate electrolytes makes it possible to reduce the coagulation of the dispersed phase and to obtain coatings with a high content of titanium dioxide from a suspension solution containing no more than 4 g/l of TiO2. It was established that the content of the dispersed phase in the composite made at a current density of 2 A/dm2 and the concentration of titanium dioxide in the electrolyte at the level of 4 g/l is 1.3 % by weight, which is twice as much as when using a sulfate electrolyte. It has been shown that the increase in the content of the dispersed phase in the coatings from 0.1 to 1.3 % by weight is accompanied by an increase in the degree of photo destruction of the colorant from 6 to 15.5 %. The micro-hardness of coatings increases, in this case, by 30 %. The proposed electrolyte to make the Cu–TiO2 composites is an important contribution to the development of the synthesis of wear-resistant high-performance photocatalysts for treating wastewater from organic pollutants