bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RETRACTED: Refined Design of Prefabricated Buildings under the Background of Big Data
Authors: Luo Jinlian 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In the rapid development of the information age, BDT (big data technology) has been a very big development and a very wide range of applications, how to use BDT to collect information, and process and analyze the information, so as to quickly obtain the information content we want, this is the problem that many industries and fields have to face and solve. Since China’s construction industry entered the new century, its development speed has been greatly accelerated, and the whole construction industry has achieved rapid development, which also promotes the development of derivative industries, such as prefabricated construction industry. In order to explore how the prefabricated construction industry will develop and change under the background of BDT, we take two factories a and B of the prefabricated construction industry as the experimental research objects. Factory a applies BDT in its prefabricated construction, while factory B still operates according to the original method. Then, the experimental data show that the total net profit of a factory is 7.334 million yuan, the highest efficiency is 97%; while the total net profit of B factory is 5.686 million yuan, the highest efficiency is 82%.
Climatological analysis of tropical cyclone impacts on hydrological extremes in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States
Authors: Sun Ning , Wigmosta Mark S , Judi David , Yang Zhaoqing , Xiao Ziyu , Wang Taiping 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Research efforts related to landfalling tropical cyclones (TCs) and their hydrological impacts have focused mostly on the continental or regional scales, whereas many coastal management and infrastructure decisions are made at much finer spatial scales. In this context, this study aims to provide local-scale understandings of the climatological characteristics and hydrological impacts of TCs (from 1950 to 2019) over the Mid-Atlantic region defined as the Delaware River Basin (DRB) and Susquehanna River Basin (SRB). The climatological analysis is based on analyzing long-term, spatially distributed observational datasets of hurricane tracks, precipitation, and streamflows. Results suggest that, despite limited contribution of TCs to regional precipitation (<9%), TC is the dominant driver for extreme floods in the southern part of DRB (e.g. tributaries of the Christina River and lower Schuylkill River) and the southwestern portions of SRB (e.g. tributaries of the Lower Susquehanna and Junita River), where TC’s effect on drought alleviation is also comparatively higher. At the basin level, SRB is more susceptible to flooding associated with TCs and prone to drought relative to DRB; however, strong spatial variability of TC’s impact on hydrological extremes is observed within and across the basins. While the TC effect on flood/drought is negligible for the high-elevation, northern part of the region, TC increases the magnitude of the 100 year flood by up to 19.6% in DRB and 53.0% in SRB; the duration of short-term extreme hydrological drought is reduced by TC by up to 25.0% in SRB and 24.7% in DRB, respectively.
Utilizing optical spectroscopy and 2′,7′-difluorofluorescein to characterize the early stages of cement hydration
Authors: Pauli J , Ramírez A , Crasselt C , Schmidt W , Resch-Genger U 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The increasingly sophisticated nature of modern, more environmentally friendly cementitious binders requires a better understanding and control particularly of the complex, dynamic processes involved in the early phase of cement hydration. In-situ monitoring of properties of a constantly changing system over a defined period of time calls for simple, sensitive, fast, and preferably also non-invasive methods like optical spectroscopy. Here, we exploit the time-dependent changes in the absorbance and fluorescence features of the negatively charged optical probe 2′,7′-difluorofluorescein (DFFL) for the study of the hydration processes in pastes of white cement (WC), cubic tricalcium aluminate (C3A), and tricalcium silicate (C3S), the main phases of cement, and in pastes of quartz (Q) over 24 h after addition of the dye solution. For comparison, also conventional techniques like isothermal heat flow calorimetry were applied. Based upon the time-dependent changes in the spectroscopic properties of DFFL, that seem to originate mainly from dye aggregation and dye-surface interactions and considerably vary between the different pastes, molecular pictures of the hydration processes in the cement pastes are derived. Our results clearly demonstrate the potential of optical spectroscopy, i.e., diffuse reflectance, steady state and time-resolved fluorometry in conjunction with suitable optical reporters, to probe specific hydration processes and to contribute to a better understanding of the early hydration processes of cement at the molecular scale.
Universal quantum computation and quantum error correction with ultracold atomic mixtures
Authors: Kasper Valentin , González-Cuadra Daniel , Hegde Apoorva , Xia Andy , Dauphin Alexandre , Huber Felix , Tiemann Eberhard , Lewenstein Maciej , Jendrzejewski Fred , Hauke Philipp 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Quantum information platforms made great progress in the control of many-body entanglement and the implementation of quantum error correction, but it remains a challenge to realize both in the same setup. Here, we propose a mixture of two ultracold atomic species as a platform for universal quantum computation with long-range entangling gates, while providing a natural candidate for quantum error-correction. In this proposed setup, one atomic species realizes localized collective spins of tunable length, which form the fundamental unit of information. The second atomic species yields phononic excitations, which are used to entangle collective spins. Finally, we discuss a finite-dimensional version of the Gottesman–Kitaev–Preskill code to protect quantum information encoded in the collective spins, opening up the possibility to universal fault-tolerant quantum computation in ultracold atom systems.
Generalized Hilbert-Kunz function of the Rees algebra of the face ring of a simplicial complex
Authors: Banerjee Arindam , Goel Kriti , Verma J. 
Published: October 2021

Let

R
R

be the face ring of a simplicial complex of dimension

d
−
1

d-1

and

R

(

n

)

{\mathcal R}({\mathfrak {n}})

be the Rees algebra of the maximal homogeneous ideal

n

{\mathfrak {n}}

of

R
.

R.

We show that the generalized Hilbert-Kunz function

H
K
(
s
)
=
ℓ
(

R

(

n

)

/

(

n

,

n

t

)

[
s
]

)

HK(s)=\ell ({\mathcal {R}}({\mathfrak {n}})/({\mathfrak {n}}, {\mathfrak {n}} t)^{[s]})

is given by a polynomial for all large

s
.

s.

We calculate it in many examples and also provide a Macaulay2 code for computing

H
K
(
s
)
.

HK(s).
Exposure Group Development in Support of the NIEHS GuLF Study
Authors: Stenzel Mark R , Groth Caroline P , Huynh Tran B , Ramachandran Gurumurthy , Banerjee Sudipto , Kwok Richard K , Engel Lawrence S , Blair Aaron , Sandler Dale P , Stewart Patricia A 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn the GuLF Study, a study investigating possible adverse health effects associated with work on the oil spill response and clean-up (OSRC) following the Deepwater Horizon disaster in the Gulf of Mexico, we used a job-exposure matrix (JEM) approach to estimate exposures. The JEM linked interview responses of study participants to measurement data through exposure groups (EGs). Here we describe a systematic process used to develop transparent and precise EGs that allowed characterization of exposure levels among the large number of OSRC activities performed across the Gulf of Mexico over time and space. EGs were identified by exposure determinants available to us in our measurement database, from a substantial body of other spill-related information, and from responses provided by study participants in a detailed interview. These determinants included: job/activity/task, vessel and type of vessel, weathering of the released oil, area of the Gulf of Mexico, Gulf coast state, and time period. Over 3000 EGs were developed for inhalation exposure and applied to each of 6 JEMs of oil-related substances (total hydrocarbons, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, total xylene, and n-hexane). Subsets of those EGs were used for characterization of exposures to dispersants, particulate matter, and oil mist. The EGs allowed assignment to study participants of exposure estimates developed from measurement data or from estimation models through linkage in the JEM for the investigation of exposure-response relationships.
Clustering spatial transcriptomics data
Authors: Teng Haotian , Yuan Ye , Bar-Joseph Ziv 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMotivationRecent advancements in fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques enable them to concurrently obtain information on the location and gene expression of single cells. A key question in the initial analysis of such spatial transcriptomics data is the assignment of cell types. To date, most studies used methods that only rely on the expression levels of the genes in each cell for such assignments. To fully utilize the data and to improve the ability to identify novel sub-types, we developed a new method, FICT, which combines both expression and neighborhood information when assigning cell types.ResultsFICT optimizes a probabilistic function that we formalize and for which we provide learning and inference algorithms. We used FICT to analyze both simulated and several real spatial transcriptomics data. As we show, FICT can accurately identify cell types and sub-types, improving on expression only methods and other methods proposed for clustering spatial transcriptomics data. Some of the spatial sub-types identified by FICT provide novel hypotheses about the new functions for excitatory and inhibitory neurons.Availability and implementationFICT is available at: https://github.com/haotianteng/FICT.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Effect of community-based lifestyle education intervention to reduce cardiovascular diseases risk factors among vulnerable population in Dodoma city, Tanzania: a cluster randomized controlled trial study protocol
Authors: Gibore Nyasiro S , Munyogwa Mariam J , Ng’weshemi Secilia K , Gesase Ainory P 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Tanzania is experiencing the rise of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and associated risk factors including hypertension, obesity and diabetes mellitus. Health education and healthy lifestyle promotion is an effective approach toward primary prevention of the risk factors and can be achieved through community-based intervention. The objective of this protocol is to test the effectiveness of community-based lifestyle education intervention in reducing CVDs risk factors among vulnerable population in Dodoma City. This protocol is designed as a cluster-randomized controlled trial with a quantitative approach in which participants aged from 31 years will be assigned randomly to a control or intervention group. A total of 800 participants will be recruited in the study. The study will consist of six stages (baseline, first to fourth follow-up, and end-line surveys) in 6 months for both the intervention and the control group. The intervention will be implemented twice-monthly for the first 3 months, then monthly for the last 3 months. In each stage, participants from all groups will be measured for biological and behavioral CVDs risk factors. Health education and a healthy lifestyle promotion for prevention of CVDs risk factors will be provided to the intervention group only during each stage. The main outcome measures will be changes in body weight, blood pressure, blood glucose, dietary habits, and physical exercise in the intervention compared with the control group. Independent and paired t-tests will be employed to make comparisons between and within groups. P-values of less than 0.05 will be considered statistically significant.
Impact of routine nasogastric decompression versus no nasogastric decompression after pancreaticoduodenectomy on perioperative outcomes: meta-analysis
Authors: Ammar Khaled , Varghese Chris , K Thejasvin , Prabakaran Viswakumar , Robinson Stuart , Pathak Samir , Dasari Bobby V M , Pandanaboyana Sanjay 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Consensus on the use of nasogastric decompression (NGD) after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is lacking. This meta-analysis reviewed current evidence on the impact of routine NGD versus no NGD after PD on perioperative outcomes.

Methods
PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Embase and Cochrane databases were searched for studies reporting on the role of NGD after PD on perioperative outcomes. Data up to January 2021were retrieved and analysed.

Results
Eight studies were included, with a total of 1301 patients enrolled, of whom 668 had routine NGD. Routine NGD was associated with a higher incidence of overall delayed gastric emptying (DGE) (odds ratio (OR) 2.51, 95 per cent c.i. 1.12 to 5.63, I2 = 83 per cent; P = 0.03) and clinically relevant DGE (OR 3.64, 95 per cent c.i. 1.83 to 7.25, I2 = 54 per cent; P &lt; 0.01), a higher rate of Clavien–Dindo grade II or higher complications (OR 3.12, 95 per cent c.i. 1.05 to 9.28, I2 = 88 per cent; P = 0.04) and increased length of hospital stay (mean difference 2.67, 95 per cent c.i. 0.60 to 4.75, I2 = 97 per cent; P = 0.02). There were no significant differences in overall complications (OR 1.07, 95 per cent c.i. 0.79 to 1.46, I2 = 0 per cent; P = 0.66) or postoperative pancreatic fistula (OR 1.21, 95 per cent c.i. 0.86 to 1.72, I2 = 0 per cent; P = 0.28) between patients with or those without routine NGD.

Conclusion
Routine NGD was associated with increased rates of DGE, major complications and longer length of stay after PD.
The Perilously Racist Carceral System in America and Its Perpetuation of Police Brutality against Black People
Authors: Iheme Williams C 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This article discusses various issues of race and law enforcement in the USA through the lenses of critical race theory and Black radical tradition, precisely to convey the fact that racism is still alive and well in the USA and reverberates through the criminal justice system against Black people. American legal scholars are divided on which legal methodology is most appropriate in addressing racial cum legal issues. However, this article argues that tackling the systemic racism and the perilous proclivity of the police in brutalizing Black people in the USA cannot be adequately achieved through the current (mainstream) frameworks of rule of law and democracy because, arguably, these institutions were erected on the foundations of slavery and racism to principally serve the interests of White Americans. Using legal storytelling, the article narrates specific cases of police brutality and amplifies the voices of critical race theorists that racism in the USA cannot truly be dismantled solely via democratic dialogues and legal formalism as the mainstream view tends to always suggest. It posits that the hefty intellectual effort required to positively bend the mainstream towards realizing the constitutional rights of Black people in the USA can only be shouldered on Black radicalism and ‘racial realism’, as Derrick Bell, Cedric Robinson, and other scholars have opined.
Quantum hub and authority centrality measures for directed networks based on continuous-time quantum walks
Authors: Boito Paola , Grena Roberto 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this article, we introduce, test and discuss three quantum methods for computing hub and authority centrality scores in directed networks. The methods are based on unitary, continuous-time quantum walks; the construction of a suitable Hermitian Hamiltonian is achieved by performing a quantum walk on the associated bipartite graph. Two methods, called CQAu and CQAw, use the same evolution operator, inspired by the classical Hyperlink-Induced Topic Search (HITS) algorithm, but with different initial states; the computation of hub and authority scores is performed simultaneously. The third method, called CQG and inspired by classical PageRank, requires instead two separate runs with different evolution operators, one for hub and one for authority scores. The methods are tested on several directed graphs with different sizes and properties; a comparison with other well-established ranking algorithms is provided. CQAw emerges as the most reliable of the three methods and yields rankings that are largely compatible with results from HITS, although CQAu and CQG also present interesting features and potential for applications.
Graph-based feature extraction and classification of wet and dry cough signals: a machine learning approach
Authors: Renjini A , Swapna M S , Raj Vimal , Sankararaman S 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This article proposes a unique approach to bring out the potential of graph-based features to reveal the hidden signatures of wet (WE) and dry (DE) cough signals, which are the suggestive symptoms of various respiratory ailments like COVID 19. The spectral and complex network analyses of 115 cough signals are employed for perceiving the airflow dynamics through the infected respiratory tract while coughing. The different phases of WE and DE are observed from their time-domain signals, indicating the operation of the glottis. The wavelet analysis of WE shows a frequency spread due to the turbulence in the respiratory tract. The complex network features namely degree centrality, eigenvector centrality, transitivity, graph density and graph entropy not only distinguish WE and DE but also reveal the associated airflow dynamics. A better distinguishability between WE and DE is obtained through the supervised machine learning techniques (MLTs)—quadratic support vector machine and neural net pattern recognition (NN), when compared to the unsupervised MLT, principal component analysis. The 93.90% classification accuracy with a precision of 97.00% suggests NN as a better classifier using complex network features. The study opens up the possibility of complex network analysis in remote auscultation.
Temperature and land use influence tree swallow individual health
Authors: Corra Joseph , Sullivan S Mažeika P 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAerial insectivorous bird populations have declined precipitously in both North America and Europe. We assessed the effects of insect prey availability, climate and shifts in water quality associated with urbanization on haematocrit, haemoglobin concentration and heterophil–lymphocyte (H/L) ratios among ~13-day-old tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) nestlings in the Columbus, Ohio area. Higher mean temperature and increased frequency of extreme heat days during the early breeding period (May–June) were linked to reduced nestling physiological condition as evidenced by lower concentrations of haemoglobin and haematocrit, potentially due to increased heat stress, shifts in insect prey availability or altered parental provisioning efforts. Urbanization and the size and density of emergent aquatic insects were associated with elevated physiological stress, whereas higher mean temperatures and terrestrial insect size were related to lower stress as measured by H/L ratios. Overall, these findings highlight the complex environmental conditions driving nestling health, which may be indicative of post-fledging survival and, consequently, population growth. Our results underscore the need for conservation approaches that adequately address the interrelated effects of changes in climate, land use and food resources on aerial insectivorous birds.
Preclinical Markers in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. A Nested Case–Control Study
Authors: Lundgren David , Widbom Lovisa , Hultdin Johan , Karling Pontus 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Our objective was to determine if patients who later develop inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) show signs of increased inflammatory activity in plasma measured with high sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), calprotectin, and albumin before the clinical onset of IBD.

Methods
We identified 96 subjects who later developed IBD (70 ulcerative colitis [UC] and 26 Crohn’s disease [CD]). High sensitivity CRP, calprotectin, and albumin were analyzed in frozen plasma, donated from cases and sex–age matched controls 1–15 years before diagnosis.

Results
We found that subjects who later developed UC had lower albumin levels, and subjects who later developed CD had higher CRP levels than controls. Multivariable conditional logistic regression with albumin, calprotectin, and CRP showed a lower risk for developing IBD and UC with higher albumin levels (odds ratio [OR] 0.79, confidence interval [CI] 0.69–0.90; respective OR 0.77, CI 0.66–0.91). Higher CRP levels were associated with an increased risk of developing CD (OR 1.314, CI 1.060–1.630). When adjusting for body mass index or smoking in the logistic regression model, similar results were found. Plasma calprotectin levels in the preclinical period among patients with IBD did not differ from controls.

Conclusions
In this nested case–control study, subjects who later developed IBD had signs of low-grade systemic inflammation, indicated by significantly higher CRP plasma levels in CD and lower albumin plasma levels in UC, before the onset of clinical disease.
Eosinophilic perimyocarditis associated with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: a case report
Authors: Blumetti Ludovica , De Perna Maria Luisa , Reinehr Michael , Pedrazzini Giovanni 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Eosinophilic myocarditis (EM) is a rare and potentially life-threatening form of myocarditis, frequently (but not always) associated with eosinophilia, and presents with acute chest pain, or signs and symptoms of acute or chronic heart failure. Eosinophilic myocarditis has various aetiologies, including eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA).

Case summary
A 52-year-old female with a long-standing history of asthma, acral paraesthesia, subcutaneous nodules, and recurrent chest pain treated with anti-inflammatory drugs was admitted to our hospital with chest pain, repolarization disturbances, eosinophilia, and increased troponin levels. After an initial evaluation by coronary angiography, echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance, a definitive diagnosis of EM was made with the help of an endomyocardial biopsy. The aetiological diagnosis of EM as a manifestation of tissue involvement in EGPA was concluded after ruling out other possible causes of eosinophilia and with the help of other diagnostic criteria for EGPA (asthma, eosinophilia, and neuropathy). Therefore, we started with a high dosage of glucocorticoids, and attained relief of symptoms and normalization of eosinophilic count after a few days.

Discussion
In cases of myocarditis (particularly if associated with eosinophilia), EM is a manifestation of EGPA and should be considered for a prompt differential diagnosis. Endomyocardial biopsy represents the gold standard for the diagnosis of EM. The mainstay of therapy for EM is immunosuppressive drugs to help prevent its evolution to a fulminant form and chronic progression towards restrictive cardiomyopathy.