bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of house dust mite-driven asthma on children’s school performance and activity
Authors: Gómez Catalina , Barrena Judit , García-Paz Vanesa , Plaza Ana M. , Crespo Paula , Bejarano José A. , Rodríguez Ana B. , Ferré Laia , Farrarons Lidia , Viñas Marta , Torán-Barona Carla , Pereiro Andrea , Justicia José L. , Nevot Santiago 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEvidence regarding asthma’s impact on children’s daily lives is limited. This prospective and cross-sectional, observational, multicenter study assessed school/work and activity impairment in children and adolescents with allergic asthma and their caregivers and allergen immunotherapy (AIT) effects. Included patients were schooled children and adolescents (5 to 17 years) with allergic asthma due to house dust mites (HDM). Impairment of school/work (i.e., absenteeism and presenteeism) and activity was measured in patients and their caregivers using the Work Productivity Impairment Questionnaire plus Classroom Impairment Questions: Allergy Specific (WPAI + CIQ:AS). HDM allergic patients with school impairment received subcutaneous AIT with a MicroCrystalline Tyrosine-associated allergoid. WPAI + CIQ:AS and effectiveness variables were compared between baseline and 1-year post-AIT. Of the 113 patients included, 59 (52.2%) and 51 (45.1%) showed school and activity impairment, respectively, missing a mean (SD) of 37.6 (24.4) % and 42.6 (25.6) % of school and activity time, respectively. Twenty-six (23%) caregivers reported activity impairment and, of the 79 (69.9%) employed, 30 (38%) reported work impairment. Of the 65 patients with school/activities impairment, 41 (63.1%) received AIT, of which 21 (51.2%) completed 1 year of treatment. Effectiveness variables and WPAI + CIQ:AS significantly improved: Mean (SD) school impairment decreased from 39.7 (26.7) to 2.1 (7.1) % (p < 0.001) and activity impairment from 46.2 (34.6) to 1.4 (3.6) % (p < 0.001).Conclusion: Allergic asthma due to HDMs results in school/work and activity impairment in children and adolescents and their caregivers. One year of AIT provided clinical benefits and reduced school and activity impairment.

What is Known:• Allergic asthma impairs children’s school performance and daily activities.• Allergen immunotherapy modifies allergic disease course and ameliorates its symptoms.

What is New:• Asthma symptoms due to allergy to house dust mites impair children’s school attendance and productivity and daily activity and their caregivers’ work performance and daily lives.• Allergen immunotherapy with a house dust mite MicroCrystalline Tyrosine (MCT)-associated allergoid seems to provide clinical benefits, associated with decreased school and activity impairment, supporting it as an effective treatment option.
Large silicic magma bodies and very large magnitude explosive eruptions
Authors: Sparks R. S. J. , Blundy J. D. , Cashman K. V. , Jackson M. , Rust A. , Wilson C. J. N. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOver the last 20 years, new concepts have emerged into understanding the processes that lead to build up to large silicic explosive eruptions based on integration of geophysical, geochemical, petrological, geochronological and dynamical modelling. Silicic melts are generated within magma systems extending throughout the crust by segregation from mushy zones. Segregated melt layers become unstable and can assemble into ephemeral upper crustal magma chambers rapidly prior to eruption. In the next 10 years, we can expect major advances in dynamical models as well as in analytical and geophysical methods, which need to be underpinned in field research.
Volcanic air pollution and human health: recent advances and future directions
Authors: Stewart Carol , Damby David E. , Horwell Claire J. , Elias Tamar , Ilyinskaya Evgenia , Tomašek Ines , Longo Bernadette M. , Schmidt Anja , Carlsen Hanne Krage , Mason Emily , Baxter Peter J. , Cronin Shane , Witham Claire 
Published: December 2021

AbstractVolcanic air pollution from both explosive and effusive activity can affect large populations as far as thousands of kilometers away from the source, for days to decades or even centuries. Here, we summarize key advances and prospects in the assessment of health hazards, effects, risk, and management. Recent advances include standardized ash assessment methods to characterize the multiple physicochemical characteristics that might influence toxicity; the rise of community-based air quality monitoring networks using low-cost gas and particulate sensors; the development of forecasting methods for ground-level concentrations and associated public advisories; the development of risk and impact assessment methods to explore health consequences of future eruptions; and the development of evidence-based, locally specific measures for health protection. However, it remains problematic that the health effects of many major and sometimes long-duration eruptions near large populations have gone completely unmonitored. Similarly, effects of prolonged degassing on exposed populations have received very little attention relative to explosive eruptions. Furthermore, very few studies have longitudinally followed populations chronically exposed to volcanic emissions; thus, knowledge gaps remain about whether chronic exposures can trigger development of potentially fatal diseases. Instigating such studies will be facilitated by continued co-development of standardized protocols, supporting local study teams and procuring equipment, funding, and ethical permissions. Relationship building between visiting researchers and host country academic, observatory, and agency partners is vital and can, in turn, support the effective communication of health impacts of volcanic air pollution to populations, health practitioners, and emergency managers.
Trauma Exposures, Resilience Factors, and Mental Health Outcomes in Persons Granted Asylum in the U.S. for Claims Related to Domestic Violence and Persecution by Organized Gangs
Authors: Emery Eleanor H. , Maju Mehar , Coursey Kate , Brandt Cameron , Ko Jamie S. , Hampton Kathryn , Richards Adam 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSurvivors of domestic violence (DV) and of violence perpetrated by organized gangs (GV) face barriers to legal protection under U.S. asylum law. We abstracted data from 132 affidavits based on forensic medical evaluations of asylum seekers granted legal protection in the U.S. on the basis of DV and/or GV. We described claimants’ trauma exposures and resilience factors and used multiple logistic regression to quantify associations with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-5 (DSM-5) diagnoses and improvement in mental health. People seeking asylum based on DV and/or GV have endured multiple types of trauma with significant impacts on their mental health. New experiences of trauma following migration to the U.S. were common and associated with DSM-5 diagnoses. Conversely, resilience factors were associated with improved mental health. Policies that aim to reduce ongoing trauma in the U.S. and to bolster resilience factors may promote asylee mental health and well-being.
Influence of a Prior Oxidation on the Reduction Behavior of Magnetite Iron Ore Ultra-Fines Using Hydrogen
Authors: Wolfinger Thomas , Spreitzer Daniel , Zheng Heng , Schenk Johannes 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The reduction behavior of raw and prior-oxidized magnetite iron ore ultra-fines with hydrogen was investigated. Reduction tests were conducted with a thermogravimetric analyzer in a temperature range from 873 K to 1098 K at 1.1 bar absolute, using hydrogen as reducing gas. The experimental results show that a prior oxidation of the magnetite has a positive effect on the reduction behavior because of changing morphology. The apparent activation energies show a turnaround to negative values, depending on the prior oxidation and degree of reduction. A multi-step kinetic analysis based on the model developed by Johnson–Mehl–Avrami was used to reveal the limiting mechanism during reduction. At 873 K and 948 K, the reduction at the initial stage is controlled by nucleation and chemical reaction and in the final stage by nucleation only, for both raw and pre-oxidized magnetites. At higher temperatures, 1023 K and 1098 K, the reduction of raw magnetite is mainly controlled by diffusion. This changes for pre-oxidized magnetite to a mixed controlled mechanism at the initial stage. Processing magnetite iron ore ultra-fines with a hydrogen-based direct reduction technology, lower reduction temperatures and a prior oxidation are recommended, whereby a high degree of oxidation is not necessary.
Questionable Research Practices and Misconduct Among Norwegian Researchers
Authors: Kaiser Matthias , Drivdal Laura , Hjellbrekke Johs , Ingierd Helene , Rekdal Ole Bjørn 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis article presents results from the national survey conducted in 2018 for the project Research Integrity in Norway (RINO). A total of 31,206 questionnaires were sent out to Norwegian researchers by e-mail, and 7291 responses were obtained. In this paper, we analyse the survey data to determine attitudes towards and the prevalence of fabrication, falsification and plagiarism (FFP) and contrast this with attitudes towards and the prevalence of the more questionable research practices (QRPs) surveyed. Our results show a relatively low percentage of self-reported FFPs (0.2–0.3%), while the number of researchers who report having committed one of the QRPs during the last three years reached a troublesome 40%. The article also presents a ranking of the perceived severity of FFP and QRPs among Norwegian researchers. Overall, there is a widespread normative consensus, where FFP is considered more troublesome than QRPs.
Evolutionary rescue can prevent rate-induced tipping
Authors: Vanselow Anna , Halekotte Lukas , Feudel Ulrike 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe transformation of ecosystems proceeds at unprecedented rates. Recent studies suggest that high rates of environmental change can causerate-induced tipping. In ecological models, the associatedrate-induced critical transitionmanifests during transient dynamics in which populations drop to dangerously low densities. In this work, we study howindirect evolutionary rescue—due to the rapid evolution of a predator’s trait—can save a prey population from the rate-induced collapse. Therefore, we explicitly include the time-dependent dynamics of environmental change and evolutionary adaptation in an eco-evolutionary system. We then examine how fast the evolutionary adaptation needs to be to counteract the response to environmental degradation and express this relationship by means of a critical rate. Based on this critical rate, we conclude that indirect evolutionary rescue is more probable if the predator population possesses a high genetic variation and, simultaneously, the environmental change is slow. Hence, our results strongly emphasize that the maintenance of biodiversity requires a deceleration of the anthropogenic degradation of natural habitats.
Party families and greenhouse gas emissions: a new perspective on an old concept
Authors: Jahn Detlef 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPartisan theory is not easy to apply to environmental issues. One reason for this is that party families are usually structured according to the left-right dimension. However, such a perspective ignores the fact that the concept of party families stems from a multi-dimensional historical analysis. In order to determine the relevance of the influence of party families on greenhouse gas emissions (GHGEs), we use a new data set that differentiates between ten party families. An organization theoretical analysis shows that the participation of green parties in government reduces GHGEs. Left parties have much less impact. In contrast, non-Christian center parties have a negative effect on GHGEs. Methodologically, we show that the party effect does not appear in the short term, but only takes effect after more than two years
Comparison between laser sheaths, femoral approach and rotating mechanical sheaths for lead extraction
Authors: Bracke F. A. , Rademakers N. , Verberkmoes N. , Van ’t Veer M. , van Gelder B. M. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Introduction
Efficiency and safety are important features in the selection of lead extraction tools. We report our experience with different endovascular techniques to extract individual pacing and defibrillator leads.

Methods
This is a single-centre study of consecutive lead extraction procedures from 1997 until 2019. A total of 1725 leads were extracted in 775 patients. Direct traction sufficed for 588 leads, and 22 leads were primarily removed by surgery. The endovascular techniques used in the remainder were a laser sheath (190 leads), the femoral approach (717 leads) and rotating mechanical sheaths (208 leads).

Results
The three approaches were comparably effective in completely removing the leads (p = 0.088). However, there were more major complications with the laser sheath than with the femoral approach or rotating mechanical sheaths (8.4%, 0.5% and 1.2%, respectively). Therefore, the procedural result—extraction without major complications—was significantly better with both the femoral approach and rotating mechanical sheaths than with the laser sheath (p < 0.001). This result was confirmed after propensity score matching to compensate for differences between lead cohorts (p = 0.007). Cross-over to another endovascular tool was necessary in 7.9%, 7.1% and 8.2% of laser, femoral and rotating mechanical attempts, respectively.

Conclusion
All three endovascular lead extraction techniques showed comparable efficacy. However, there were significantly more major complications using the laser sheath compared to the femoral approach or rotating mechanical sheaths, leading us to abandon the laser technique. Importantly, no single endovascular technique sufficed to successfully extract all leads.
Relationship between pore throat and permeability of porous carbonate reservoir in the Middle East
Authors: Miaomiao Lv , Benbiao Song , Changbing Tian , Xianyu Mao 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA significant behavior of carbonate reservoirs is poor correlation between porosity and permeability. With the same porosity, the permeability can vary by three orders of magnitude or more. An accurate estimation of permeability for carbonate reservoir has been a challenge for many years. The aim of this study was to establish relationships between pore throat, porosity, and permeability. This study indicates that pore throat radius corresponding to a mercury saturation of 20% (R20) is the best permeability predictor for carbonates with complex porous pore networks. Quantitative analysis was made to achieve three different patterns of pore throat for 417 carbonate samples which cover all pore types of carbonate rocks. Different relationships between porosity, pore throat radius, and permeability have been identified in different patterns, which are utilized to predict more accurate permeability by different pore throat patterns.
Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy as Migraine Intervention: a Randomized Waitlist Controlled Trial
Authors: Simshäuser K. , Pohl R. , Behrens P. , Schultz C. , Lahmann C. , Schmidt S. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Based on promising effects seen in a pilot study evaluating a generic mindfulness-based program for migraine, we developed a migraine-specific adaptation of the Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) program. The aim of this study was to evaluate this program for feasibility and effectiveness in a randomized controlled trial.

Method
Fifty-four patients suffering from migraine were randomly allocated to either waitlist or the adapted MBCT. Outcomes were migraine-related parameters as well as variables of psychological functioning and coping. Assessment took place at baseline and post-intervention, for the intervention group also at follow-up (7 months). The effects of the intervention were analyzed by the use of ANCOVAs and linear mixed models.

Results
With respect to migraine parameters we did not find a significant group difference in the primary outcome (headache-related impairment), but the intervention resulted in a significant reduction of headache frequency (p = .04). In the analysis of secondary outcomes, MBCT showed superiority in four out of eight psychological parameters (perceived stress, anxiety, rumination, catastrophizing) with small to medium effect sizes. The intervention proved to be feasible and participants reported high degrees of contentment and achievement of personal goals.

Conclusions
The migraine-specific MBCT program did not result in improvements with regard to headache-related impairment but showed a reduction in headache frequency as well as improved psychological functioning in secondary outcomes.

Trial Registration
This trial was registered in the German Trial Registry “Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien” (ID: DRKS00007477), which is a WHO-listed primary trial register.
Assessment of groundwater potential zones using GIS and AHP techniques: a case study of the Lafia district, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Ifediegwu Stanley Ikenna 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn the Lafia district, rising population has increased the need for groundwater resources for economic growth. Sustainable groundwater resource management demands accurate quantitative assessment, which may be accomplished using scientific theories and innovative methods. In present study, an integrated method has been employed to assess the groundwater potential zones in the Lafia district utilizing remote sensing (RS), geographic information system (GIS), and analytic hierarchy method (AHP). For this aim, eight thematic maps regulating to occurrence and transportation of groundwater (i.e., geology, rainfall, geomorphology, slope, drainage density, soil, land use/land cover and lineament density) were generated and converted into raster format utilizing ArcGIS tool. Weights were assigned to these eight thematic maps based on their importance. Moreover, the final normalized weights of these parameters were calculated adopting pairwise comparison matrix of the AHP. To create the groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) map of the research area, we employed the overlay weighted sum approach to combine the parameters. The map has been divided into four zones (good, moderate, poor and very poor), each of which represents 19.3, 12.9, 57.8, and 10% of the study area. Lastly, the GWPZs map was validated utilizing borehole data obtained from 50 wells scattered throughout the study area to examine the performance of the approach. The validation results demonstrate that the adopted procedure produces highly reliable results that can aid in long-term development and strategic use of groundwater resources in this area.
Data Science Meets High-Tech Manufacturing – The BTW 2021 Data Science Challenge
Authors: Woltmann Lucas , Volk Peter , Dinzinger Michael , Gräf Lukas , Strasser Sebastian , Schildgen Johannes , Hartmann Claudio , Lehner Wolfgang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractFor its third installment, the Data Science Challenge of the 19th symposium “Database Systems for Business, Technology and Web” (BTW) of the Gesellschaft für Informatik (GI) tackled the problem of predictive energy management in large production facilities. For the first time, this year’s challenge was organized as a cooperation between Technische Universität Dresden, GlobalFoundries, and ScaDS.AI Dresden/Leipzig. The Challenge’s participants were given real-world production and energy data from the semiconductor manufacturer GlobalFoundries and had to solve the problem of predicting the energy consumption for production equipment. The usage of real-world data gave the participants a hands-on experience of challenges in Big Data integration and analysis. After a leaderboard-based preselection round, the accepted participants presented their approach to an expert jury and audience in a hybrid format. In this article, we give an overview of the main points of the Data Science Challenge, like organization and problem description. Additionally, the winning team presents its solution.
Applying Eigenstructure Assignment to Inner-Loop Flight Control Laws for a Multibody Aircraft
Authors: Köthe Alexander , Luckner Robert 
Published: December 2021

AbstractUnmanned aircraft used as high-altitude platform system has been studied in research and industry as alternative technologies to satellites. Regarding actual operation and flight performance of such systems, multibody aircraft seems to be a promising aircraft configuration. In terms of flight dynamics, this aircraft strongly differs from classical rigid-body and flexible aircraft, because a strong interference between flight mechanic and formation modes occurs. For unmanned operation in the stratosphere, flight control laws are required. While control theory generally provides a number of approaches, the specific flight physics characteristics can be only partially considered. This paper addresses a flight control law approach based on a physically exact target model of the multibody aircraft dynamics rather than conventionally considering the system dynamics only. In the target model, hypothetical spring and damping elements at the joints are included into the equations of motion to transfer the configuration of a highly flexible multibody aircraft into one similar to a classical rigid-body aircraft. The differences between both types of aircraft are reflected in the eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Using the eigenstructure assignment, the desired damping and stiffness are established by the inner-loop flight control law. In contrast to other methods, this procedure allows a straightforward control law design for a multibody aircraft based on a physical reference model.
A Global Analysis of the Relationship Between Urbanization and Fatalities in Earthquake-Prone Areas
Authors: He Chunyang , Huang Qingxu , Bai Xuemei , Robinson Derek T. , Shi Peijun , Dou Yinyin , Zhao Bo , Yan Jubo , Zhang Qiang , Xu Fangjin , Daniell James 
Published: December 2021

AbstractUrbanization can be a challenge and an opportunity for earthquake risk mitigation. However, little is known about the changes in exposure (for example, population and urban land) to earthquakes in the context of global urbanization, and their impacts on fatalities in earthquake-prone areas. We present a global analysis of the changes in population size and urban land area in earthquake-prone areas from 1990 to 2015, and their impacts on earthquake-related fatalities. We found that more than two thirds of population growth (or 70% of total population in 2015) and nearly three quarters of earthquake-related deaths (or 307,918 deaths) in global earthquake-prone areas occurred in developing countries with an urbanization ratio (percentage of urban population to total population) between 20 and 60%. Holding other factors constant, population size was significantly and positively associated with earthquake fatalities, while the area of urban land was negatively related. The results suggest that fatalities increase for areas where the urbanization ratio is low, but after a ratio between 40 and 50% occurs, earthquake fatalities decline. This finding suggests that the resistance of building and infrastructure is greater in countries with higher urbanization ratios and highlights the need for further investigation. Our quantitative analysis is extended into the future using Shared Socioeconomic Pathways to reveal that by 2050, more than 50% of the population increase in global earthquake-prone areas will take place in a few developing countries (Pakistan, India, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh) that are particularly vulnerable to earthquakes. To reduce earthquake-induced fatalities, enhanced resilience of buildings and urban infrastructure generally in these few countries should be a priority.