bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asymptomatic Supraventricular Arrhythmias in Patients Undergoing Dialysis
Authors: Likhachev-Mishchenko O. V. , Kornienko A. A. , Kornienko N. A. , Khaisheva L. A. , Dyuzhikov A. A. , Shlyk S. V. 
Published: March 2021

Aim. Supraventricular arrhythmias (SVA) are associated with high morbidity and mortality. However, little attention is paid to this condition in patients undergoing hemodialysis. The aim of this study was to analyze the long-term relationship of intradialytic SVA, including asymptomatic arrhythmias, with adverse events in a cohort of patients undergoing hemodialysis.Material and methods. An observational prospective study was conducted in a group of patients on hemodialysis with a 10-year follow-up. The study involved 77 patients (42 men and 35 women; mean age 58±15 years) with sinus rhythm, then they were monitored for ECG for six consecutive hemodialysis sessions during recruitment.Results. Arterial hypertension was present in 68.8% of patients, diabetes mellitus in 29.9% of patients. SVA were reported in 38 patients (49.3%); they all had a short-term, asymptomatic character and were terminated independently. Age (hazard ratio [HR] 1.04 per year; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00-1.08) and an increase of the atrium (HR 4.29; 95%CI 1.30-14.09) were associated with supraventricular arrhythmia in multidimensional analysis. During an average follow-up of 40 months, 57 patients died, and cardiovascular diseases were the main cause of death (52.6%). Variables associated with all-cause mortality in the Cox model were age (HR 1.04 per year; 95%CI 1.00-1.08), C-reactive protein (HR 1.04 per 1 mg/l; 95%CI 1.00-1.08) and supraventricular arrhythmias (HR 3.21; 95%CI 1.29-7.96). Patients with supraventricular arrhythmias also had a higher risk of nonfatal cardiovascular events (HR 4.32; 95%CI 2.11-8.83) and symptomatic atrial fibrillation during observation (HR 17.19; 95%CI 2.03-145.15).Conclusions. Strong relationships have been established between the presence of supraventricular arrhythmias recorded during ECG during dialysis and symptomatic AF developing in the future. Patients with supraventricular arrhythmias had a larger right atrium. Age and supraventricular arrhythmias are the main variables associated with mortality in dialysis patients.
Democratic Leadership and Decisions Making on Education in Islamic Perspective
Authors: Syam Aldo Redho , Supriyanto Achmad , Mustiningsih Mustiningsih 
Published: March 2021

Abstract: This research aimed to determine democratic leadership and decisions making on education in Islamic perspective at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Pesantren Anak Sholeh Baitul Qur’an Gontor Ponorogo. This research used descriptive qualitative research with data collection methods through interviews, observations, and documentation, as well as Miles and Hubberman data analysis, including data analysis, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research indicate that democratic leadership principal of school and making decisions on education in Islamic perspective at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Pesantren Anak Sholeh Baitul Qur’an Gontor Ponorogo has been carried out properly in accordance with Quran, in Ash-Shura: verse: 38, which is reflected in every decision. The school principal always decides through a deliberative forum together with the teachers openly, responsively, responsibly, and trustfully, by promoting the principle of togetherness and kindship. ملخص: الهدف من هذا البحث هو معرفة قيادة الديمقراطية ووضع السياسات والقرارات التعليمية علي نظرية الإسلام في المدرسة الابتدائية معهد ولد الصالح بيت القرآن فونوروكو. يستخدم هذا البحث البحث النوعي الوصفي مع أسلوب جمع البيانات من خلال المقابلات والملاحظات والتوثيق، وكذلك استخدام تحليل بيانات على نموذج ميليس وهوبيرمين، الذي يشمل على تحليل البيانات، وعرض البيانات، وأخذ الاستنباط. تشير نتائج هذا البحث إلى أن: قيادة الديمقراطية مدير المدرسة ووضع السياسات والقرارات التعليمية في المدرسة الابتدائية معهد ولد الصالح بيت القرآن فونوروكو، تم تنفيذها بشكل جيد ومناسب بالقرآن في سورة الشورى: الآية ٤٣، ويظهر ذلك عند ما توجد مشكلات التعليم والتربية، فالمدير يحلها دائما من خلال التشاور مع المعلمين منفتحا، ومستجيبا، ومسؤولا، بتقديم مراعاة مبدأ العمل الجماعي والأسري.
Structured Multidomain Cognitive Rehabilitation for Stroke: Findings From an Observational Cohort Study
Authors: NG Sheng Chun , Ong Angeline Pei Xuan , Wong Fennie Choy Chin , Chua Esther Vanessa , Saffari Seyed Ehsan , Lim Linda Lay Hoon , Silva Eveline , Ng Kok Pin , Kandiah Nagaendran 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPersons with mild stroke experience minimal functional difficulties; nonetheless, they are at elevated risk for post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) and cognitive decline. AimsWe report outcomes from an observational cohort study of a structured, multidomain intervention for persons with mild strokes. MethodsThe Stroke Memory RehabiliTation (SMaRT) program comprises weekly two-hour group sessions for six weeks on cognitive strategies, lifestyle and relaxation. Participants were recruited from a tertiary hospital between June 2018 to September 2019. They had MRI-confirmed ischemic strokes with mild functional difficulties (modified Rankin Scale score ≤3). Participants underwent assessments and questionnaires at baseline, 1-week post-program, 3 months post-program, and 6 months post-program. Results Participants (N=108, mean age=63.54±9.22, 31.5% female) demonstrated significant improvement in cognition, mood, activities of daily living (ADL) and quality of life (QOL) (ps<0.05) across timepoints. Participants performed significantly better at 6 months post-program compared to baseline on cognitive tests (MoCA 24.47±3.22 vs. 25.80±2.83, Beta=1.26, 95% CI(0.78,1.74)), p<.001; Visual Cognitive Assessment Test (22.74±3.98 vs. 24.76±3.68, Beta=2.04, 95% CI(1.44,2.65), p<.001); 87% of participants maintained or improved in performance. At 6 months post-program, participants reported greater functional independence (Nottingham Extended ADLs Questionnaire Beta=4.20, 95% CI(2.63,5.77), p<.001); fewer depressive symptoms (Geriatric Depression Scale Beta=-1.44, 95% CI(-1.94, -0.94), p<.001); and improved QOL (Dementia-QOL Questionnaire Beta=5.28, 95% CI(1.09, 2.57), p<.001). ConclusionsThe SMaRT program is a cost-effective, scalable, structured program for PSCI. Findings suggest its potential effectiveness in reducing cognitive decline and improving other domains of well-being, with carry-over benefits after 6 months.
Impact of a Multiobject-directed Spatial Orientation Ability on Air Traffic Conflict Detection Performance in Free Route Airspace
Authors: Zhong Jimmy Y. , Goh Sim Kuan , Woo Chuan Jie , Alam Sameer 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
With a focus on psychometric assessment, the current study investigated the extent to which spatial orientation ability (SOA), as conceptualized in the spatial cognition and navigation literature, predicted air traffic conflict detection performance in a simulated free route airspace (FRA). Within a FRA, airspace users have the flexibility to plan flights by selecting preferred routes between predefined waypoints. Despite such benefits, FRA implementation can introduce conflicts that are geometrically complex, and of which would require a high level of SOA engagement. Based on a sample of 20 young adults who have the prospect to become air traffic controllers (ATCOs), we found that response time-based performance on a newly developed computerized spatial orientation test (SOT) predicted time to loss of minimum separation (tLMS)-based performance on a conflict detection task to a moderately large extent under scenarios with high air traffic density. We explained these findings in light of similar or overlapping mental processes that were most likely activated optimally under task conditions featuring approximately equal numbers of outcome-relevant stimuli. We also discussed the potential use of the new SOT in relation to the selection of prospective ATCOs who can demonstrate high levels of conflict detection performance in FRA during training simulations.
Selective Control of the Contact and Transport between Droplet Pairs by Electrowetting-on-Dielectric for Droplet-Array Sandwiching Technology
Authors: Konishi Satoshi , Oya Chikara , Yamada Tatsuhiro 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
On-chip technology continuously explores and provides novel methods for high-throughput drug screening, such as droplet-array sandwiching technology. Droplet-array sandwiching technology involves upper and lower substrates with a droplet-array designed for a one-step process for drug screening, including cell-based screening. This technology is, however, limited to batch manipulation of the droplet-array. This paper proposes selective control of individual droplets, which allows different conditions for individual droplet pairs. Electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) technology is introduced to control the height of the droplets so that the contact between droplet-pairs can be individually controlled. Circular patterns 4 mm in diameter composed of electrodes for EWOD and hydrophilic-hydrophobic patterns for droplet formation 4 μl in volume were developed. This paper presents and examines the selective control of the droplet height by EWOD for an applied voltage up to 160 V, followed by successful results of selective control of the contact and transport of substances.
Comparison of prevalence and risk factors of somatization between Chinese health care workers and non-health care workers during COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Song Xiuli , Zhou Yongjie , Rao Wenwang , Zhang Xiangyang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to compare prevalence and risk factors of somatization (SOM) between health care workers and non-health care workers during COVID-19 outbreak in China. Methods: From 14 February to 29 March 2020, an online survey was performed in both 605 health care workers and 1151 non-health care workers. Based on the somatization dimension score of the Symptom Checklist-90, participants were divided into non-SOM group and SOM group. Results: Health care workers had higher prevalence rate of SOM (p < 0.001) than non-health care workers, with an OR of 1.70 (95% CI: 1.22–2.36, p = 0.002). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that in non-health care workers, the risk factors of SOM included other ethnicities, insomnia, and suicide, while in health care workers, the risk factors included working 6-8 hours per day, and working ≥10 hours per day during COVID-19 outbreak. Conclusions: Our research suggests that both non-health care workers and health care workers have a relatively high prevalence of somatization. However, the related factors for somatization in both groups are significantly different, showing that medical service-related factors are associated with somatization in health care workers, while demographic and clinical factors are associated with somatization in non-health care workers.
Arrowroot Starch-Based Films Incorporated With a Carnauba Wax Nanoemulsion, Cellulose Nanocrystals, and Essential Oils: a New Functional Material for Food Packaging Applications
Authors: Filho Josemar Gonçalves de Oliveira , Albiero Beatriz Regina , Cipriano Lavínia , Bezerra Carmen Cris de Oliveira Nobre , Oldoni Fernanda Campos Alencar , Egea Mariana Buranelo , Azeredo Henriette Monteiro Cordeiro de , Ferreira Marcos David 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Arrowroot starch (AA)-based films incorporated with a carnauba wax nanoemulsion (CWN), cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), and essential oils (EOs) from Mentha spicata (MEO) and Cymbopogon martinii (CEO) were produced using the casting technique and then characterized in terms of their water barrier, tensile, thermal, optical, and microstructural properties and in vitro antifungal activity against Rhizopus stolonifer and Botrytis cinerea. Whereas the incorporation of CNCs decreased the moisture content and water vapor permeability of the AA/CWN/CNC film, the additional incorporation of either EO decreased the transparency and affected the microstructure of the AA/CWN/CNC/EO nanocomposites. MEO and CEO incorporation improved the thermal stability of the films and provided excellent protection against fruit-spoiling fungi. Because of their excellent barrier properties against fungal growth, water vapor permeability, and ultraviolet and visible light, these AA/CWN/CNC/EO films have promising potential for application as active food packaging or coating materials.
Effects of Orthogonal Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of GN9 Ferritic/Martensitic steel
Authors: Ma Tingwei , Hao Xianchao , Wang Ping 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Microstructure and mechanical properties of GN9 Ferritic/Martensitic steel for sodium-cooled fast reactors have been investigated through orthogonal design and analysis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), tensile and impact tests were used to evaluate the heat treatment parameters on yield strength, elongation and ductile-to-brittle transition temperature (DBTT). The results indicate that the microstructures of GN9 steel after orthogonal heat treatments consist of tempered martensite, M23C6, MX carbides and MX carbonitrides. The average prior austenite grains increase and the lath width decreases with the austenitizing temperature increasing from 1000 oC to 1080 oC. Tempering temperature is the most important factor that influences the dislocation evolution, yield strength and elongation compared with austenitizing temperature and cooling methods. Austenitizing temperature, tempering temperature and cooling methods show interactive effects on DBTT. Carbide morphology and distribution, which is influenced by austenitizing and tempering temperatures, is the critical microstructural factor that influences the Charpy impact energy and DBTT. Based on the orthogonal design and microstructural analysis, the optimal heat treatment of GN9 steel is austenitizing at 1000 oC for 0.5 h followed by air cooling and tempering at 760 oC for 1.5 h.
An Environmentally Friendly Nanocomposite Polypyrrole@Silver/Reduced Graphene Oxide With High Catalytic Activity for Bacteria and Antibiotics
Authors: Liu Chun , Chen Fangyan , Tang Yu-bin , Huo Peng-wei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this study, PPy@Ag/rGO nanocomposites were successfully synthesized via the one-pot hydrothermal mothed using graphene oxide, pyrrole monomer and silver nitrate. The structures and morphologies of as-obtained PPy@Ag/rGO ternary nanocomposites were systematically investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). It was found that the PPy@Ag NPs were well-distributed on the reduction graphene oxide nanoflakes. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) demonstrated that the PPy@Ag/rGO had enhanced antimicrobial efficiency with Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria compared with that at the same concentration of silver. From liquid antibacterial cycle experiments, the addition of polypyrrole contributes to the stability of nanosilver and reducing the loss of nanosilver. After several cycles, the antibacterial rate of PPy@Ag/rGO nanomaterials can still be maintained above 90%. In addition, the photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline (TC) under visible light displayed that the composite had good photocatalytic activity and catalytic stability.
Genotype Imputation in Case-Only Studies of Gene-Environment Interaction: Validity and Power
Authors: Aleknonytė-Resch Milda , Szymczak Silke , Freitag-Wolf Sandra , Dempfle Astrid , Krawczak Michael 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Case-only (CO) studies are a powerful means to uncover gene-environment (G×E) interactions for complex human diseases. Moreover, such studies may in principle also draw upon genotype imputation to increase statistical power even further. However, genotype imputation usually employs healthy controls such as the Haplotype Reference Consortium (HRC) data as an imputation base, which may systematically perturb CO studies in genomic regions with main effects upon disease risk. Using genotype data from 719 German Crohn Disease (CD) patients, we investigated the level of imputation accuracy achievable for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with or without a genetic main effect, and with varying minor allele frequency (MAF). Genotypes were imputed from neighbouring SNPs at different levels of linkage disequilibrium (LD) to the target SNP using the HRC data as an imputation base. Comparison of the true and imputed genotypes revealed lower imputation accuracy for SNPs with strong main effects. We also simulated different levels of G×E interaction to evaluate the potential loss of statistical validity and power incurred by the use of imputed genotypes. Simulations under the null hypothesis revealed that genotype imputation does not inflate the type I error rate of CO studies of G×E. However, the statistical power was found to be reduced by imputation, particularly for SNPs with low MAF, and a gradual loss of statistical power resulted when the level of LD to the SNPs driving the imputation decreased. Our study thus highlights that genotype imputation should be employed with great care in CO studies of G×E interaction.
N6-Methylandenosine-Related lncRNAs Play an Important Role in the Prognosis and Immune Microenvironment of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Hu YuHai , Chen YiPing 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive, fatal tumor. N6-methylandenosine (m6A) methylation is the major epigenetic modification of RNA including lncRNAs. The roles of m6A-related lncRNAs in PDAC have not been fully clarified. The aim of this study is to assess gene signatures and prognostic value of m6A-related lncRNAs in PDAC.MethodsThe Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset and the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) dataset were explored to identify m6A-related lncRNAs. Univariate, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multivariate Cox regression were performed to construct the m6A-related lncRNAs prognostic riskscore (m6A-LPR) model to predict the overall survival (OS) in the TCGA training cohort. Kaplan–Meier curve with log-rank test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to evaluate the prognostic value of the m6A-LPR. Furthermore, the robustness of the m6A-LPR was further validated in the ICGC cohort. Tumor immunity was evaluated using ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms.ResultsA total of 262 m6A-related lncRNAs were identified in two datasets. In the TCGA training cohort, 28 prognostic m6A-related lncRNAs were identified and the m6A-LPR including four m6A-related lncRNAs was constructed. The m6A-LPR was able to identify high-risk patients with significantly poorer OS and accurately predict OS in both the TCGA training cohort and the ICGC validation cohort. Analysis of tumor immunity revealed that high-risk group had remarkably lower stromal, immune, and ESTIMATE scores. Moreover, high-risk group was associated with significantly higher levels of plasma B cells and resting NK cells infiltration, and lower levels of infiltrating resting memory CD4 T cells, monocytes and resting mast cells.Conclusions﻿Our study proposed a robust m6A-related prognostic signature of lncRNAs for predicting OS in PDAC, which provides some clues for further studies focusing on the mechanism process underlying m6A modification of lncRNAs.
Isolation of Cellulose Nanofibers (CNFs) based on Ball-milling Technique Combined with Supercritical Carbon dioxide/ethanol Pretreatment
Authors: Hu Zhijun , Cao Xinyu , Huang Guanhong , Guo Daliang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Here, a new pretreatment method has been developed to produce CNFs from micro-fibrillated cellulose (MFC) by supercritical CO 2 pretreatment followed with ball-milling (SCB). MFC was obtained from cotton stalk by chemical purification.Experimental factors were controlled to enhance the properties of SCB-CNF, meanwhile a comparative study was conducted with the method of TEMPO oxidation and microfluid homogenization (TMH).
Compared to TMH-CNF, the SCB-CNF has such advantages as Energy saving, high efficiency and environmental protection, indicating a wide application in heat-resistant materials, load materials and other fields.
The solid yields of P-MFC after supercritical CO 2 pretreatment gradually decreased together with the temperature and the reaction time.
Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the SCB-CNF and TMH-CNF show that the morphology of the SCB-CNF was basically acicular but that of the TMH-CNF was mainly soft fibrous. The SCB-CNF is smaller in width and shorter in length, and its size is between CNC and CNF.
Thermal gravimetric results suggest that the thermal stability of the SCB-CNF was substantially higher than those of the TMH-CNF.
XRD results indicate that the crystallinity showed an initial increasing trend and then declined with increasing temperature and reaction time, and the crystallinity value of SCB-CNF was larger than that of CNFs. The smaller SCB-CNF became rougher and had a larger surface area. High crystallinity make good thermal stability, short and coarse fiber, easier to disperse than CNF, less energy consumption for dispersion, better than 3D mesh. It can be widely used in polymer composites, reinforcing agents, membrane materials and other fields.
EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA: olhares sobre estudantes da Educação Especial na Educação de Jovens e Adultos
Authors: Luiz Wesley Oliveira , Teixeira Ricardo Antônio Gonçalves , Oliveira-Silva Iransé 
Published: March 2021

Este artigo objetiva delinear o contexto histórico de constituição e aproximações entre as modalidades de Educação de Jovens e Adultos e Educação Especial, analisar as Políticas Públicas a fim de compreender os processos legais que conduziram ao encontro das modalidades a partir da Constituição Federal de 1988. Metodologicamente, caracteriza-se como um estudo de natureza quali-quantitativa, com base documental das políticas de inclusão do Brasil e nos microdados do Censo da Educação Básica do INEP/MEC, que apresenta, entre outros, as matrículas do público-alvo da Educação Especial na EJA (PAEE-EJA). O estudo focaliza na série histórica das matrículas do PAEE-EJA no período de 2007 a 2018, a partir de dados nacionais, regionais e locais, tendo o recorte estabelecido na rede regular de ensino e em Goiânia-GO. Este período é marcado pela implantação do FUNDEB (BRASIL, 2007) e da Política Nacional para a Educação Especial, na perspectiva de inclusão (BRASIL, 2008), movimentos que integram as modalidades e estabelece políticas de cômputo orçamentário em função das matrículas. Sinteticamente, os resultados evidenciam aumento de 190,0% de matrículas de pessoas com Deficiência, Transtorno Global do Desenvolvimento e Altas Habilidades ou Superdotação na EJA, no cotejamento de 2018 para 2007. A maior concentração está na rede pública de ensino com 97,4% do PAEE-EJA. Apresenta grande número de pessoas jovens e adultas, sendo a maior parte do sexo masculino (70,0%). Entre as necessidades especiais, destaca-se a deficiência intelectual com 78,5% do total de estudantes. Como síntese, ao analisarmos as legislações, verifica-se, dentre outros, que, na tentativa da aproximação da educação especial com a educação regular, especificamente na modalidade da Educação de Jovens e Adultos, os números revelaram, historicamente, uma tímida tentativa de se superar a velha dicotomia entre ensino regular e especializado na educação nacional.