bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A humanized orthotopic tumor microenvironment alters the bone metastatic tropism of prostate cancer cells
Authors: McGovern Jacqui A. , Bock Nathalie , Shafiee Abbas , Martine Laure C. , Wagner Ferdinand , Baldwin Jeremy G. , Landgraf Marietta , Lahr Christoph A. , Meinert Christoph , Williams Elizabeth D. , Pollock Pamela M. , Denham Jim , Russell Pamela J. , Risbridger Gail P. , Clements Judith A. , Loessner Daniela , Holzapfel Boris M. , Hutmacher Dietmar W. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractProstate cancer (PCa) is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in men, and bone is the most frequent site of metastasis. The tumor microenvironment (TME) impacts tumor growth and metastasis, yet the role of the TME in PCa metastasis to bone is not fully understood. We used a tissue-engineered xenograft approach in NOD-scid IL2Rγnull (NSG) mice to incorporate two levels of humanization; the primary tumor and TME, and the secondary metastatic bone organ. Bioluminescent imaging, histology, and immunohistochemistry were used to study metastasis of human PC-3 and LNCaP PCa cells from the prostate to tissue-engineered bone. Here we show pre-seeding scaffolds with human osteoblasts increases the human cellular and extracellular matrix content of bone constructs, compared to unseeded scaffolds. The humanized prostate TME showed a trend to decrease metastasis of PC-3 PCa cells to the tissue-engineered bone, but did not affect the metastatic potential of PCa cells to the endogenous murine bones or organs. On the other hand, the humanized TME enhanced LNCaP tumor growth and metastasis to humanized and murine bone. Together this demonstrates the importance of the TME in PCa bone tropism, although further investigations are needed to delineate specific roles of the TME components in this context.
Connectivity of EEG synchronization networks increases for Parkinson’s disease patients with freezing of gait
Authors: Asher Eitan E. , Plotnik Meir , Günther Moritz , Moshel Shay , Levy Orr , Havlin Shlomo , Kantelhardt Jan W. , Bartsch Ronny P. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFreezing of gait (FoG), a paroxysmal gait disturbance commonly experienced by patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), is characterized by sudden episodes of inability to generate effective forward stepping. Recent studies have shown an increase in beta frequency of local-field potentials in the basal-ganglia during FoG, however, comprehensive research on the synchronization between different brain locations and frequency bands in PD patients is scarce. Here, by developing tools based on network science and non-linear dynamics, we analyze synchronization networks of electroencephalography (EEG) brain waves of three PD patient groups with different FoG severity. We find higher EEG amplitude synchronization (stronger network links) between different brain locations as PD and FoG severity increase. These results are consistent across frequency bands (theta, alpha, beta, gamma) and independent of the specific motor task (walking, still standing, hand tapping) suggesting that an increase in severity of PD and FoG is associated with stronger EEG networks over a broad range of brain frequencies. This observation of a direct relationship of PD/FoG severity with overall EEG synchronization together with our proposed EEG synchronization network approach may be used for evaluating FoG propensity and help to gain further insight into PD and the pathophysiology leading to FoG.
Campylobacter jejuni genotypes are associated with post-infection irritable bowel syndrome in humans
Authors: Peters Stephanie , Pascoe Ben , Wu Zuowei , Bayliss Sion C. , Zeng Ximin , Edwinson Adam , Veerabadhran-Gurunathan Sakteesh , Jawahir Selina , Calland Jessica K. , Mourkas Evangelos , Patel Robin , Wiens Terra , Decuir Marijke , Boxrud David , Smith Kirk , Parker Craig T. , Farrugia Gianrico , Zhang Qijing , Sheppard Samuel K. , Grover Madhusudan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCampylobacter enterocolitis may lead to post-infection irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) and while some C. jejuni strains are more likely than others to cause human disease, genomic and virulence characteristics promoting PI-IBS development remain uncharacterized. We combined pangenome-wide association studies and phenotypic assays to compare C. jejuni isolates from patients who developed PI-IBS with those who did not. We show that variation in bacterial stress response (Cj0145_phoX), adhesion protein (Cj0628_CapA), and core biosynthetic pathway genes (biotin: Cj0308_bioD; purine: Cj0514_purQ; isoprenoid: Cj0894c_ispH) were associated with PI-IBS development. In vitro assays demonstrated greater adhesion, invasion, IL-8 and TNFα secretion on colonocytes with PI-IBS compared to PI-no-IBS strains. A risk-score for PI-IBS development was generated using 22 genomic markers, four of which were from Cj1631c, a putative heme oxidase gene linked to virulence. Our finding that specific Campylobacter genotypes confer greater in vitro virulence and increased risk of PI-IBS has potential to improve understanding of the complex host-pathogen interactions underlying this condition.
Virtual experimentations by deep learning on tangible materials
Authors: Honda Takashi , Muroga Shun , Nakajima Hideaki , Shimizu Taiyo , Kobashi Kazufumi , Morita Hiroshi , Okazaki Toshiya , Hata Kenji 
Published: August 2021

AbstractArtificial intelligence relying on structure-property databases is an emerging powerful tool to discover new materials with targeted properties. However, this approach cannot be easily applied to tangible structures, such as plastic composites and fabrics, because of their high structural complexity. Here, we propose a deep learning computational framework that can implement virtual experiments on tangible structures. Structural representations of complex carbon nanotube films were conducted by multiple generative adversarial networks of scanning electron microscope images at four levels of magnifications, enabling a deep learning prediction of multiple properties such as electrical conductivity and surface area. 1716 virtual experiments were completed within an hour, a task that would take years for real experiments. The data can be used as a versatile database for material science, in analogy to databases of molecules and solids used in cheminformatics. Useful examples are the investigation of correlations between electrical conductivity, specific surface area, wall number phase diagrams, economic performance, and inversely designed supercapacitors.
Gut dysbiosis correction contributes to the hepatoprotective effects ofThymus quinquecostatusCelak extract against alcohol through the gut–liver axis
Authors: Yan Xin , Wang Yu , Ren Xue-Yang , Liu Xiao-Yun , Ma Jia-Mu , Song Ruo-Lan , Wang Xiu-Huan , Dong Ying , Yu A-Xiang , Fan Qi-Qi , Wei Jing , She Gai-Mei 
Published: August 2021

Gut microbiota dysbiosis correction contributes to the hepatoprotective effects of Thymus quinquecostatus Celak extract (TQE) against alcoholic liver injury through gut–liver axis modulation.
PSP/IS⊙IS observations of the 29 November 2020 solar energetic particle event
Authors: Cohen C. M. S. , Christian E. R. , Cummings A. C. , Davis A. J. , Desai M. I. , de Nolfo G. A. , Giacalone J. , Hill M. E. , Joyce C. J. , Labrador A. W. , Leske R. A. , Matthaeus W. H. , McComas D. J. , McNutt R. L. , Mewaldt R. A. , Mitchell D. G. , Mitchell J. G. , Rankin J. S. , Roelof E. C. , Schwadron N. A. , Stone E. C. , Szalay J. R. , Wiedenbeck M. E. , Vourlidas A. , Bale S. D. , Pulupa M. , MacDowall R. J. 
Published: August 2021

Aims.On 29 November 2020, at 12:34 UT, active region 12790 erupted with an M4.4 class flare and a 1700 km s−1coronal mass ejection. Parker Solar Probe (PSP) was completing its seventh orbit around the Sun and was located at 0.8 au when the Integrated Science Investigation of the Sun (IS⊙IS) measured the ensuing mid-sized solar energetic particle (SEP) event. Not only was this the first SEP event with heavy ions above 10 MeV nuc−1to be measured by IS⊙IS, it was also measured by several spacecraft positioned around the Sun, making it the first circumsolar event of solar cycle 25. Here we describe an overview of the SEP event characteristics at PSP.Methods.Fluence spectra for electrons, H, He, O, and Fe were calculated for the decay portion of the event. For the entire time period of the event, it was possible to calculate fluence spectra for electrons, O, and Fe only due to instrumental mode changes in one of the IS⊙IS telescopes, affecting H and He during the period of peak intensities. Using higher time resolution data, we also studied the onset of the event and temporal variations in the particle intensities at the shock and during the magnetic cloud passage.Results.During the decay, the ion spectra are consistent with power laws at low energies with an exponential rollover at a few MeV nuc−1, while the electron spectrum is consistent with a power law of index −5.3. Based on fits to the spectra, Fe/O and He/H abundance ratios as a function of energy are calculated and found to be nominal for large SEP events at hundreds of keV/nuc, but decrease strongly with increasing energy. The full-event spectra for O and Fe have similar shapes to those of the decay, but with higher roll-over energies. The electron spectrum for the full event is harder with an index of −3.4 and there is some evidence of higher energy components near ∼2 MeV and above ∼4 MeV. Despite the spacecraft being tilted 45° with respect to the nominal orientation of the spacecraft’s long axis pointed towards the Sun, there is some anisotropy apparent in MeV protons during the onset of the event. Velocity dispersion is also evident, consistent with a solar release time of 13:15 UT and pathlength of 1.3 au. The arrival of the related magnetic cloud resulted in the suppression of SEP intensities, although a brief increase in particle intensities suggests PSP moved out of the cloud for ∼30 min. This appears to be the first medium-sized event in the rise of cycle 25 activity, with additional large events likely to occur. Additional details of the event beyond this overview can be found in several related papers.
The metal-poor end of the Spite plateau
Authors: Matas Pinto A. M. , Spite M. , Caffau E. , Bonifacio P. , Sbordone L. , Sivarani T. , Steffen M. , Spite F. , François P. , Di Matteo P. 
Published: August 2021

Context. The study of old, metal-poor stars deepens our knowledge on the early stages of the universe. In particular, the study of these stars gives us a valuable insight into the masses of the first massive stars and their emission of ionising photons.
Aims. We present a detailed chemical analysis and determination of the kinematic and orbital properties of a sample of 11 dwarf stars. These are metal-poor stars, and a few of them present a low lithium content. We inspected whether the other elements also present anomalies.
Methods. We analysed the high-resolution UVES spectra of a few metal-poor stars using the Turbospectrum code to synthesise spectral lines profiles. This allowed us to derive a detailed chemical analysis of Fe, C, Li, Na, Mg, Al, Si, CaI, CaII, ScII, TiII, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Sr, and Ba.
Results. We find excellent coherence with the reference metal-poor First Stars sample. The lithium-poor stars do not present any anomaly of the abundance of the elements other than lithium. Among the Li-poor stars, we show that CS 22882-027 is very probably a blue-straggler. The star CS 30302-145, which has a Li abundance compatible with the plateau, has a very low Si abundance and a high Mn abundance. In many aspects, it is similar to the α-poor star HE 1424-0241, but it is less extreme. It could have been formed in a satellite galaxy and later been accreted by our Galaxy. This hypothesis is also supported by its kinematics.
Eine seltene kutane Manifestation eines systemischen B-Zell-Lymphoms unter dem klinischen Bild einer seltenen Infektionserkrankung – Fulminante Verläufe führen zur richtigen Einordnung der Dignität
Authors: Konschake Wolfgang , Arnold A. , Daeschlein G. , Jünger M. , Lutze S. 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungDargestellt wird der seltene Fall eines diffus großzelligen B-Zell-Lymphoms unter dem klinischen Verdacht einer kutanen Anthrax-Infektion. Bei Aufnahme präsentierte der 82-jährige Patient an der Stirn rechtsseitig oberhalb der Augenbraue eine ca. 3,5 cm messende ulzerierte Plaque mit zentral festhaftender schwarzer Nekrose und erhabenem livid-erythematösen Randwall.Wir sahen im Verlauf des stationären Aufenthaltes eine fulminante AZ-Verschlechterung des Patienten mit rezidivierenden Fieberschüben bis 40,0 °C und plötzlich disseminierter Aussaat neuer kutaner Herde ähnlich der Morphe der primären Läsion. In der CT zeigten sich multiple pulmonale und hepatische Rundherde sowie einzelne in den Nieren sowie in der rechten Nebenniere. In der Biopsie eines Leberrundherdes und in einer Hautbiopsie wurde die Diagnose eines diffus großzelligen B-Zell-Lymphoms vom ABC-Subtyp gesichert. Bei rezidivierenden Fieberschüben über 39 °C unter eskalierter Antibiose sowie persistierender nicht invasiver Beatmung wurde der Patient im Verlauf auf eine Intensivstation verlegt und verstarb nach 6-wöchiger Krankheitsdauer. Die Autoren schlussfolgern, dass bei sich extrem fulminant darstellenden Krankheitsverläufen, die klinisch einer dermatologischen Infektionserkrankung entsprechen können, jedoch unkontrollierbar unter antimikrobieller Therapie verlaufen, immer an die kutane Manifestation eines systemischen Lymphoms gedacht werden sollte. Hier können auch die primär der Infektionserkrankung zugeordnete B-Symptomatik und die elevierten Akute-Phase-Proteine auftreten. Lymphom-Manifestationen erscheinen an der Haut häufig unspezifisch mit ekzematöser, lichenoider oder pruriginös-nodulärer Morphe. Der Verlauf machte die Einordnung der Dignität der Erkrankung in unserem Fall dann möglich.
Surgical Treatment Strategies for Pyogenic Spondylodiscitis of the Thoracolumbar Spine
Authors: Scheyerer Max J. , Herren Christian , Kühne Christian , Neufang Jörg , Pieroh Philipp , von der Höh Nicolas H. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background Despite advances, the morbidity and mortality rates of patients with spondylodiscitis remains high, with an increasing incidence worldwide. Although conservative therapy
has progressed, several cases require surgical intervention. However, the indication and opportunities for surgical treatment are still disputable.
Methods In a joint consensus, the members of the ‘Spondylodiscitis’ working group of the Spine Section of the German Society for Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery considered current
literature, particularly the newly published S2k guideline of the AWMF, and examined the surgical indications and treatment strategies for thoracolumbar spondylodiscitis.
Results Surgical intervention for spondylodiscitis is only required in a small percentage of patients. In studies comparing conservative and surgical therapies, most patients
benefitted from surgery, regardless of the surgical technique selected. Presently, the standard procedure is a combined dorsoventral approach, in which a monolateral attempt should always be
made. The choice of material (PEEK, titanium) for ventral support does not influence the clinical result.
Neuraltherapie: Körperhaltung und Gesundheit verbessern
Authors: Günter Uwe 
Published: August 2021

SummaryDie aufrechte Haltung des Menschen ist das Resultat seiner evolutionären Entwicklung. Dabei nehmen die Augachse, die Kopfgelenke und der Biss bzw. die dafür notwendige Muskulatur eine besondere Rolle ein. Physiologische Haltung wird definiert durch einen erhobenen, ausbalancierten Kopf mit zurückgezogenem Kinn, einen leicht vorgeschobenen Brustkorb mit angehobenem Brustbein, zurückgezogene Schultern im Lot der Ohren, angespannte Bauch- und Gesäßmuskeln mit aufgerichtetem Becken sowie minimal gebeugte und nicht durchgestreckte Knie. Sie ist ein individueller Kompromiss gegen das Erdgravitationsfeld. Als ideale Statik ist die auf die Vertikale bezogene Lage des Körpers anzusehen, die mit der geringsten eben noch erforderlichen Muskelkraft aufrechterhalten werden kann.Es entwickelten sich aufgrund des technischen Fortschritts diverse Messmethoden zur Objektivierung dieser physiologischen bzw. idealen Haltung.Von dieser anatomischen Normalstellung werden funktionelle und pathologische Veränderungen in der Sagittalebene, in der Frontalebene sowie in der Sagittal-, Frontal- und Horizontalebene unterschieden.Dass Haltung auch Ausdruck der Psyche des Menschen ist, fasst mittlerweile die Kognitionswissenschaft unter dem Begriff „Embodiment“ zusammen. Die Neuraltherapie sieht den Stressreiz unter Beteiligung der Supersysteme Immun-, Hormon- und Nervensystem im Mittelpunkt. Haltungspathologien sind Folge multifaktorieller Störungen. Im Vordergrund stehen latente Entzündungen durch sogenannte Störfelder. Es kommt zu Veränderungen in den Myotomen der betroffenen Segmente mit unterschiedlicher Verkettung dieser Muskeldysfunktionen.Jede Haltungsdiagnostik sollte alle posturologischen Tests mit einem modifizierten Vorgehen nach Meersseman abschließen, um den entscheidendsten Einfluss des Kiefergelenkes bei Dysgnathie auf die Haltung zu erkennen und zu behandeln. Parallel zum Training einer „gerechten“ Haltung bzw. Statik, welche zur Gesundung beiträgt, kann die diagnostische Neuraltherapie Reize mindern bzw. „löschen“ und somit Muskeldysbalancen ausgleichen. Hier ergänzen sich Manuelle Medizin, Akupunktur der Triggerpunkte sowie andere Verfahren der Naturheilkunde, welche bei sekundären geriatrischen Formen symptomatisch hilfreich sind.
Cluster Preface: Modern Nickel-Catalyzed Reactions
Authors: Martin Ruben , Molander Gary A. 
Published: August 2021

Ruben Martin is a professor at the Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Tarragona, Spain. He received his Ph.D. in 2003 from the University of Barcelona under the guidance of Prof. Antoni Riera. In 2004, he moved to the Max-Planck Institut für Kohlenforschung as a Humboldt postdoctoral fellow with Prof. Alois Fürstner. In 2005, he undertook further postdoctoral studies at MIT with Prof. Stephen L. Buchwald as a MEC-Fulbright fellow. In 2008, he began his independent career as an assistant professor at the ICIQ (Tarragona). In 2013, he was promoted to associate professor and shortly after to ICREA Research Professor. Ruben Martin has focused his career on designing synthetically useful Ni-catalyzed methodologies for streamlining the preparation of added-value chemicals from simple precursors without losing sight of mechanistic considerations, when appropriate.Gary A. Molander is a professor at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States. He completed his undergraduate studies in chemistry at Iowa State University under the tutelage of Prof. Richard C. Larock. He earned his Ph.D. at Purdue University under the direction of Prof. Herbert Brown and undertook postdoctoral training with Prof. Barry Trost at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. He began his academic career at the University of Colorado, Boulder, moving to the University of Pennsylvania in 1999, where he is currently Professor of Chemistry. His research interests have focused on the utilization of organolanthanides, Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions with trifluoro­borate salts, and the merger of photoredox catalysis and Ni catalysis for tackling a priori uphill transformations under visible-light irradiation for accessing valuable scaffolds in both academic and pharmaceutical laboratories.
Síndrome da artéria mesentérica superior – Uma complicação incomum após correções cirúrgicas de deformidades da coluna
Authors: Araujo Alex Oliveira de , Oliveira Rafael Garcia de , Arraes Amanda Jordão de Castro , Mamare Eduardo Magalhães , Rocha Ivan Dias , Gomes Cicero Ricardo 
Published: August 2021

ResumoA compressão vascular da terceira parte do duodeno pela artéria mesentérica superior resulta no desenvolvimento de uma condição incomum de oclusão do trânsito duodenal conhecida como síndrome da artéria mesentérica superior. Este fenômeno pode acontecer após cirurgias de correção de deformidades da coluna, e sua taxa de ocorrência é de ∼ 0,5 a 4,7% dos casos. Isso ocorre em virtude da alteração do posicionamento do ponto de emergência da artéria, decorrente da mudança do comprimento do tronco após a cirurgia, e está associado a fatores de risco, como baixo índice de massa corpórea e perda ponderal. Os pacientes costumam se apresentar com um quadro de oclusão intestinal, com dor abdominal, náusea, vômito bilioso e saciedade precoce. O reconhecimento desta condição é importante para instituir o tratamento adequado, que varia do tratamento clínico, com sondagem e descompressão gástrica associados a suporte nutricional; à necessidade de abordagem cirúrgica. Complicações secundárias relacionadas à síndrome da artéria mesentérica superior incluem: recuperação cirúrgica e nutricional retardadas, problemas com a cicatrização e hospitalização prolongada. O objetivo do presente estudo é relatar um caso de síndrome da artéria mesentérica superior, ocorrido em um paciente com escoliose neuromuscular secundária a sequela de mielite transversa, submetido ao tratamento cirúrgico da deformidade da coluna.
Alinhamento do plano sagital e resultados funcionais após cirurgia para a cifose de Scheuermann
Authors: Vital Luísa , Nunes Bernardo , Santos Sara Almeida , Veludo Vitorino , Serdoura Francisco , Pinho André 
Published: August 2021

Resumo
Objetivo Avaliar e correlacionar os parâmetros pélvicos, o equilíbrio sagital (SB), e o resultado funcional dos pacientes submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico da hipercifose de Scheuermann (SK).
Métodos Foram incluídos pacientes submetidos à cirurgia entre janeiro de 2005 e dezembro de 2016. Foram obtidas as seguintes medidas radiográficas: cifose torácica (TK); lordose lombar (LL); SB; incidência pélvica (PI); inclinação pélvica (PT); e inclinação sacral (SS). Complicações foram registradas durante o período de seguimento.
Resultados Foram incluídos 19 pacientes (16 homens): a cifose pré-operatória média foi de 83°, e, após a cirurgia, de 57°. A LL média pré-operatória foi de 66°, com uma correção espontânea pós-operatória de 47°. Quanto aos parâmetros pélvicos pré-operatórios, as médias de PI, PT e SS foram de 48°, 10° e 39°, respectivamente. No pós-operatório, esses valores foram de 50°, 16° e 35°, respectivamente. O SB pré-operatório foi neutro e mantido após correção cirúrgica. Quanto às complicações durante o período de seguimento, foram observadas três cifoses juncionais – duas necessitando de cirurgia de revisão, uma má consolidação, e uma deiscência de sutura. Em relação aos resultados funcionais, a pontuação média no questionário de 22 itens da Scoliosis Research Society (SRS-22) foi de 4,04, e verificou-se que o SB no pós-operatório não teve influência no desfecho funcional (p = 0,125), nem na LL pós-operatória (p = 0,851).
Conclusão Verificamos uma melhora espontânea da hiperlordose lombar em níveis não incluídos na fusão após a correção da TK. Embora os resultados funcionais pós-operatórios tenham sido globalmente elevados, não encontramos nenhuma relação estatisticamente significativa com a TK nem com a LL. A PI elevada está associada a maior complicação da cifose juncional proximal (PJK), e esses parâmetros pélvicos devem ser considerados no momento do tratamento cirúrgico da cifose de Scheuermann.