bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toegang tot het recht in de rechtsstaat
Authors: Schnabl Nathalie Franziska Hendrika 
Published: April 2021

Toegang tot het recht in de rechtsstaat
This paper considers access to the rule of law as a requirement for the well-functioning of the rule of law in society. In most rule of law debates, access to the rule of law is not a topic of discussion because these scholars focus themselves solely on the legalistic dimension of the rule of law. Barber was the first to mention the social dimension explicitly but without a theoretical framework. Based on the three capitals of Bourdieu, this paper offers a framework to determine the elements of the social dimension. With these capitals, barriers to the access to the rule of law for individuals can be identified, and solutions can be offered.
Investigation of Factors Affecting Friction Stir Welding of Polyethylene by ANOVA Analysis
Authors: BİLİCİ Mustafa Kemal , YUKLER Ahmet İrfan , KURTULMUS Memduh , KARTAL İlyas 
Published: April 2021

The variables that are effective in joining high density polyethylene sheets by friction stir welding (FSW) have been investigated. In order to understand the effects of welding parameters, using Taguchi optimization, tool rotation speed, feed rate, shoulder diameter and pin diameter values were selected in a wide range. The results obtained with Taguchi optimization method were evaluated according to the highest / the best signal-noise ratio. Macro photographs taken cross-sectional view taken the weld seam, SEM images and hardness measurements were used to evaluate. As a result of the evaluation, the accuracy of the optimization was found to be approximately 96 %. As a result, feed rate and shoulder diameter were determined as the most effective parameter affecting the welding quality and welding performance. These two parameters (shoulder diameter and feed rate) have found to effect of approximately 65 % on tensile strength, weld quality and hardness. Finally, it has obtained that the most effective welding parameter was the shoulder diameter with 40.81 %.
Frequency of Erectile Dysfunction in Patients Receiving Pegylated Interferon and Ribavirin for the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C
Authors: Kumar Prem , Das Chaman , Raja Kapeel , Nadeem Muhammad Arif , Akhtar Muhammad Nasim , Rani Shabnam 
Published: April 2021

Objective: The purpose behind this study was to determine the frequency of erectile dysfunction in patients receiving pegylated interferon and ribavirin for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C.
Study Design: Prospective observational study.
Setting: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical Unit III, Services Hospital, Lahore.
Period: Six months from 10st July 2017 to 9th January 2018.
Materials and Methods: We have evaluated a total of 130 patients through a consecutive sampling technique who were admitted or visited Out-Patient-Department (OPD) with an underlying diagnosis of hepatitis C virus infection and advise to take anti viral regime (Pegylated interferon and ribavirin combination therapy) for HCV treatment and followed after 12 weeks and 24 weeks for erectile dysfunction.
Results: A total of 130 patients with HCV infection were included. The overall mean age of the patients was 37.4±9.6 years. The overall frequency of erectile dysfunction was 83.07%. Among them, equal percentage of patients at 12 and at week 24 did not have erectile dysfunction (N = 76, 58.5%). While severe erectile dysfunction was surprisingly more common at week 12 (14.61%, N = 19) than at week 24 (13.07%, N = 17) of treatment. Significant association of severe erectile dysfunction was only observed at week 12 in age group 40 – 60 years (p <0.05).
Conclusion: Erectile dysfunction is more common and potential side effect of patients being treated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin but duration of therapy did not affect the prevalence of sexual impairment although with increasing age, the prevalence of sexual dysfunction is significantly increased.
The Detailed Study of CD10: A Stromal Marker in Breast Carcinoma
Authors: Devi Huidrom Jyotsna , Karkuzhali P. , Baskaran P. K. , Lilly S. Mary 
Published: April 2021

Breast carcinoma is one of the most frequently occurring cancers among women with one million cases. Breast cancer is the primary cause of death in women around the world. It is one of the major concerns in public health due to its high occurrence and growing tendency. This complex functional structure develops from a highly modified apocrine sweat gland in the female, but remains rudimentary in male. Breast develops embryological into two lines along milk lines extending from axilla to groin. CD-10 is a 90- to 110-kDa cell surface zinc dependent metalloproteinase which is known as “Common Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia Antigen” (CALLA). CD-10 acts as a stem cell regulator in the breast and prevents uncontrolled proliferation on stem cells The present study is designed to study the expression of CD-10, a breast carcinoma stromal marker and its correlation with ER, PR and HER2/neu status in breast carcinoma.
Manipulation of the Electronic State of Mott Iridate Superlattice through Protonation Induced Electron‐Filling
Authors: Wang Meng , Hao Lin , Yin Fang , Yang Xin , Shen Shengchun , Zou Nianlong , Cao Hui , Yang Junyi , Lu Nianpeng , Wu Yongshun , Zhang Jianbing , Zhou Hua , Li Jia , Liu Jian , Yu Pu 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSpin‐orbit‐coupled Mott iridates show great similarity with parent compounds of superconducting cuprates, attracting extensive research interest especially for their electron‐doped states. However, previous experiments have been largely limited within a small doping range due to the absence of effective dopants, and therefore the electron‐doped phase diagram remains elusive. Here, an ionic‐liquid‐gating‐induced protonation method is utilized to achieve electron‐doping into a 5d Mott‐insulator built with a SrIrO3/SrTiO3 superlattice (SL), and a systematic mapping of its electron‐doped phase diagram is achieved with the evolution of the iridium valence state from 4+ to 3+, equivalent to doping of one electron per iridium ion. Along increasing doping level, the parent Mott‐insulator is first turned into a localized metallic state with gradually suppressed magnetic ordering, and then further evolves into a nonmagnetic band insulating state. This work forms an important step forward for the study of electron‐doped Mott iridate systems, and the strategy of manipulating the band filling in an artificially designed SL structure can be readily extended into other systems with more exotic states to explore.
In‐Situ Hot Oxygen Cleansing and Passivation for All‐Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells Deposited in Ambient to Breakthrough 19% Efficiency
Authors: Wang Kang , Gao Changji , Xu Zhuo , Tian Qingwen , Gu Xiaojing , Zhang Lu , Zhang Shiang , Zhao Kui , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAll‐inorganic perovskite CsPbI3 has attracted extensive attention recently because of its excellent thermal and chemical stability. However, its photovoltaic performance is hindered by large energy losses (Eloss) due to the presence of point defects. In addition, hydroiodic acid (HI) is currently employed as a hydrolysis‐derived precursor of intermediate compounds, which often leads to a small amount of organic residue, thus undermining its chemical stability. Herein, an in‐situ hot oxygen cleansing with superior passivation (HOCP) for the triple halide‐mixed CsPb(I2.85Br0.149Cl0.001) perovskite solar cells (abbreviated as CsPbTh3) deposited in an ambient atmosphere to reduce the Eloss to as low as 0.48 eV for the power conversion efficiency (PCE) to reach 19.65% is demonstrated. It is found that the hot oxygen treatment effectively removes the organic residues. Meanwhile, it passivates halide vacancies, hence reduces the trap states and nonradiative recombination losses within the perovskite layer. As a result, the PCE is increased significantly from 17.15% to 19.65% under 1 sun illumination with an open‐circuit voltage enlarged to 1.23 from 1.14 V, which corresponds to an Eloss reduction from 0.57 to 0.48 eV. Also, the HOCP‐treated devices exhibit better long‐term stability. This insight should pave a way for decreasing nonradiative charge recombination losses for high‐performance inorganic perovskite photoelectronics.
Engineering 2D Arsenic‐Phosphorus Theranostic Nanosheets
Authors: Hu Ruizhi , Dai Chen , Wang Chunmei , Lin Jie , Hu Hui , Li Zhifang , Lin Han , Ding Li , Chen Yu , Zhang Bo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAs an anticancer drugs, arsenic trioxide (ATO) has been certified to efficiently treat refractory acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Unfortunately it suffers from limited therapeutic potency for solid tumors due to its in vivo restricted administration dose and rapid renal clearance. Herein, distinct 2D arsenic‐phosphorus (AsP) nanosheets are engineered by adopting an alloy strategy followed by exfoliation, which can confine toxic arsenic into AsP crystals, thus significantly improving the biosafety and biocompatibility of arsenic‐based chemotherapeutic drugs. Of particular note, the high light absorption and strong photothermal‐conversion efficiency (37.6%) in the second near infrared biowindow (NIR‐II) of AsP nanosheets not only endow them with desirable contrast‐enhanced photoacoustic imaging properties, but also achieve efficient local tumor hyperthermia, which further synergistically triggers the in‐situ transformation from low toxic/nontoxic AsP crystals into highly toxic arsenic species, exerting a strong arsenic‐mediated antineoplastic effect. Both in vitro and in vivo data verify the synergy between photonic therapy in NIR‐II and enhanced chemotherapy as enabled by AsP nanosheets, paving the way for efficient nanomedicine‐enabled arsenic‐based chemotherapeutic tumor treatment.
Perovskite Oxides for Cathodic Electrocatalysis of Energy‐Related Gases: From O2 to CO2 and N2
Authors: Zhang Haiyan , Xu Yu , Lu Min , Xie Xiaoji , Huang Ling 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR), and nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) are important cathodic reactions for renewable fuel production and energy conversion technologies. However, the sluggish kinetics of these reactions hinders the practical applications of the relevant technologies. Perovskite oxides, a promising family of catalysts with great flexibility in composition and structure engineering, exhibit versatility in electrocatalysis of these reactions. In this review, beginning with a brief introduction on the fundamentals of ORR, CO2RR, and NRR, the mechanistic understanding of the electrocatalysis by perovskite oxides is discussed based on both molecular orbital and band theories. The recent advances of perovskite oxide‐based electrocatalysts for ORR, CO2RR, and NRR are then highlighted. Strategies for developing perovskite oxide‐based ORR catalysts are emphasized with representative examples, intending to draw on the experience of developing ORR catalysts to both CO2RR and NRR catalysts. Finally, perspectives on the perovskite oxide‐based electrocatalysis are discussed by paying particular attention to the practical applications and future development of perovskite oxide‐based catalysts.
CsFAMAPbIBr Photoelectric Memristor Based on Ion‐Migration Induced Memristive Behavior
Authors: Wang Shaoxi , Dong Xiangqi , Xiong Yuxuan , Sha Jian , Cao Yunguo , Wu Yupan , Li Wei , Yin Yue , Wang Yucheng 
Published: April 2021

AbstractNew multifunctional artificial synaptic devices, which are capable of sensing various external information in addition to electrical stimuli and processing multiple signals in parallel in the same way biological synapses do, are in urgent need. Recently, several optical memristors are proposed to simulate photosynaptic plasticity for neuromorphic computing. Here, a light‐responsive memristor is described based on Cs0.05(FAxMA1−x)0.95PbIyBr3−y (CsFAMAPbIBr), a kind of organometal trihalide perovskite (OTP) with outstanding photovoltaic properties and stability. Such a memristor with Al/CsFAMAPbIBr/SnO2 doped with fluorine(SnO2:F) structure exhibits notable resistive switching (RS) behavior, which is the basic characteristic for further implementing complex synaptic plasticity. Analysis suggests that the RS characteristic origins from intrinsic ion migration within the OTP layer, which modulates the Schottky barrier at the CsFAMAPbIBr/electrode interface. Moreover, the memristive characteristics of the devices can also be modified by reshaping the stacking devices’ architecture or by applying light stimuli. This work elaborates the correlation between RS behavior and the ion migration of OTP and provides insights on the light‐responsive memristive mechanism of the memristor based on CsFAMAPbIBr.
Bamboo‐based agroforestry system effects on soil fertility: Ginger performance in the bamboo subcanopy in the Himalayas (India)
Authors: Garima  , Bhardwaj D. R. , Thakur C. L. , Kaushal Rajesh , Sharma Prashant , Kumar Dhirender , Kumari Yourmila 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAn on‐farm bamboo intercropping study was conducted near Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India. It uses a split‐plot design with two bamboo species (Dendrocalamus asper and Dendrocalamus hamiltonii) and an open field condition as main plots, under which ginger (Zingiber officinale) was grown at five nutrient levels supplied through chemical fertilizers and organic sources (subplots). In the intercropping with bamboo species, ginger yield increased by 10.5–15.6% in comparison to the open field condition. Application of farmyard manure (FYM) based on N equivalent ratio showed the best (P ≤ .05) yield response of ginger (rhizome length, 7.65 cm; yield, 4,028 kg ha−1). Photoactive radiation was reduced by 60% under the bamboo canopy. Simultaneously, higher soil moisture (%) content was noticed for D. asper. Various soil physico‐chemical properties (top 0–15 cm) were significantly higher in the FYM treatment under D. asper than under D. hamiltonii or sole ginger cropping. Maximum returns (3,595.67 US$ ha−1 yr−1) were realized when the ginger crop was raised under the canopy of D. asper and supplied with FYM on N equivalent ratio + plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria. Overall, the results establish that ginger production in the northwest Himalayan region of India is a viable use of land resources for improved economic returns.
Multilevel screening of computation‐ready, experimental metal‐organic frameworks for natural gas purification
Authors: Li Zhi , Zhang Yue , Liu Bei , Chen Guangjin , Smit Berend 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this study, traditional Monte Carlo simulation and density functional theory‐based structural optimization methods were combined to screen computation‐ready experimental metal‐organic framework (MOF) database for the application of natural gas purification. Our results show that about half of the good performing computation‐ready experimental MOF structures displayed various degrees of deformation (even collapse) after the structure optimization. This phenomenon attributed to the strong attraction of unsaturated metals which attract nearby organic components. For some materials with deformation, unsaturated metals form new bonds with the adjacent organic linkers creating distortions that would be unrealistic in the experimental materials. For the remaining relatively stable materials whose structural characteristics did not change too much, we further studied the adsorption performance of their optimized structures. Finally, 12 good‐performing MOF materials with high stability were found which could greatly improve the possibility for constructing robust MOFs that could hold open metal sites by experiments.
Identification of undiagnosed dementia cases using a web‐based pre‐screening tool: The MOPEAD project
Authors: Rodrigo Adrián , Trigueros Paloma , Jamilis Laura , Alegret Montserrat , Rodríguez Octavio , Tárraga Lluís , González‐Pérez Antonio , Kramberger Milica , Winblad Bengt , Visser Pieter Jelle , Jessen Frank , Campo Laura , Boada Mercè ,   the MOPEAD consortium
Published: April 2021

AbstractIntroductionInnovative patient engagement models are required to identify people with prodromal and mild Alzheimer's disease who are “hidden” in their communities and not normally found in a memory clinic setting.MethodsA marketing campaign and a web‐based pre‐screening tool were used to identify individuals at risk of dementia in five European countries. Harmonized clinical evaluation of these patients was performed in participating memory clinics within the MOPEAD project.ResultsA total of 1487 individuals completed the pre‐screening, with 547 of them found to be at risk of dementia (36.8%). Among the subset of 91 patients with a positive pre‐screening result that underwent full clinical evaluation, 49 (53.8%) were diagnosed with either mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease.ConclusionThis novel web‐based pre‐screening tool showed to be a valid strategy to identify undiagnosed people with cognitive impairment.
Speech Biomarkers in Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder and Parkinson Disease
Authors: Rusz Jan , Hlavnička Jan , Novotný Michal , Tykalová Tereza , Pelletier Amelie , Montplaisir Jacques , Gagnon Jean‐Francois , Dušek Petr , Galbiati Andrea , Marelli Sara , Timm Paul C. , Teigen Luke N. , Janzen Annette , Habibi Mahboubeh , Stefani Ambra , Holzknecht Evi , Seppi Klaus , Evangelista Elisa , Rassu Anna Laura , Dauvilliers Yves , Högl Birgit , Oertel Wolfgang , St. Louis Erik K. , Ferini‐Strambi Luigi , Růžička Evžen , Postuma Ronald B. , Šonka Karel 
Published: April 2021

ObjectiveThis multilanguage study used simple speech recording and high‐end pattern analysis to provide sensitive and reliable noninvasive biomarkers of prodromal versus manifest α‐synucleinopathy in patients with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) and early‐stage Parkinson disease (PD).MethodsWe performed a multicenter study across the Czech, English, German, French, and Italian languages at 7 centers in Europe and North America. A total of 448 participants (337 males), including 150 with iRBD (mean duration of iRBD across language groups 0.5–3.4 years), 149 with PD (mean duration of disease across language groups 1.7–2.5 years), and 149 healthy controls were recorded; 350 of the participants completed the 12‐month follow‐up. We developed a fully automated acoustic quantitative assessment approach for the 7 distinctive patterns of hypokinetic dysarthria.ResultsNo differences in language that impacted clinical parkinsonian phenotypes were found. Compared with the controls, we found significant abnormalities of an overall acoustic speech severity measure via composite dysarthria index for both iRBD (p = 0.002) and PD (p < 0.001). However, only PD (p < 0.001) was perceptually distinct in a blinded subjective analysis. We found significant group differences between PD and controls for monopitch (p < 0.001), prolonged pauses (p < 0.001), and imprecise consonants (p = 0.03); only monopitch was able to differentiate iRBD patients from controls (p = 0.004). At the 12‐month follow‐up, a slight progression of overall acoustic speech impairment was noted for the iRBD (p = 0.04) and PD (p = 0.03) groups.InterpretationAutomated speech analysis might provide a useful additional biomarker of parkinsonism for the assessment of disease progression and therapeutic interventions. ANN NEUROL 2021;90:62–75
An evaluation of the curing characteristics of thermosetting epoxy carbon fiber sheet molding compounds and validation through computer simulations and molding trials
Authors: Zulueta Kepa , Arrillaga Alex , Stelzer Philipp S. , Martinez Iñaki 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSheet molding compounds (SMC) are ready‐to‐mold thermoset composite materials reinforced with discontinuous fibers, usually compression molded. Finite element (FE) based compression molding tools can be employed to optimize this process; FE tools require to define material models using raw material data measured through different characterization techniques. In this study, the cure kinetics of an epoxy‐based carbon fiber SMC has been characterized by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and moving die rheometer (MDR) techniques. Based on these datasets, Claxton‐Liska and Kamal‐Souror models have been set and the compression molding of a validation plate was performed, both experimentally and virtually. The results indicate that, even if both characterization techniques are valid for SMC curing characterization, MDR technique enables the characterization of the material at real molding temperatures and the model based on MDR leads to more accurate results.
Effect of ball milling on the mechanical properties and crystallization of graphene nanoplatelets reinforced short chain branched‐polyethylene
Authors: Kourtidou Dimitra , Grigora Maria Eirini , Tsongas Konstantinos , Terzopoulou Zoe , Tzetzis Dimitrios , Bikiaris Dimitrios N. , Chrissafis Konstantinos 
Published: April 2021

AbstractShort‐chain‐branched‐polyethylene (SCB‐PE) is extensively used in domestic hot and cold piping systems. SCB‐PE nanocomposites using graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) as a filler, were prepared in this work. The effect of ball‐milling as a premixing technique prior to melt‐mixing, on the crystallization and the nanomechanical properties of the composites has been studied. Two sets of SCB‐PE/GNPs nanocomposites with various filler loadings were prepared; one with and one without the ball‐milling step. The dispersion of the filler was evaluated by optical microscopy while the crystallization process was studied using differential scanning calorimetry. The nonisothermal crystallization's experimental data were analyzed using various methods. The materials' nanomechanical behavior was investigated by conducting nanoindentation tests. A finite element analysis process was developed to extract the composites' stress–strain behavior. The composites prepared with ball‐milling presented improved dispersion of GNPs in the SCB‐PE matrix, which affected the crystallization, while nanoindentation tests showed significantly enhanced mechanical properties.
Estrogen receptors and their roles in the immune and respiratory systems
Authors: Millas Ieda , Duarte Barros Mirna 
Published: April 2021

AbstractEstrogen is an important hormone for health in both genders. It is indispensable to glucose homeostasis, immune robustness, bone health, cardiovascular health, and neural functions. The main way that estrogen acts in the cells is through estrogen receptors (ERs). The presence of specific estrogen receptors is required for estrogen to have its characteristic ubiquitous action in almost all tissues. Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) are the major isoforms of estrogen that are highly specific in humans and enable selective hormonal actions in different tissues. This article reviews some of the observed estrogen actions and effects in different tissues and cells through these specific receptors. This ubiquitous, almost ordinary hormone may reveal itself as a significant factor that helped us to better understand the complexity of the human immune system response against respiratory infections, including the COVID‐19, and especially in the current state of this painful pandemic.