bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cochliobolus pallescens
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Sivanesan A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Cochliobolus pallescens
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Common on many graminicolous and non-graminicolous hosts. Important cereals and grasses include
Eleusine, Hordeum, Oryza, Panicum, Paspalum, Pennisetum, Poa, Saccharum, Setaria, Sorghum, Triticum
and
Zea
economically important dicot hosts include
Allium
(59, 4867),
Arachis
(53, 1647),
Brassica
(66, 3075),
Canna, Calendula, Calotropis
(44, 1832; 66, 3587),
Carica
(61, 5129),
Cinnamomum, Citrus
(68, 843),
Coriandrum, Dahlia, Fagopyrum
(64, 2425),
Gaillardia, Hevea
(56, 1257; 67, 5560),
Musa
(54, 4051),
Solanum
(50, 3484). DISEASE: Leaf spots of cereals, black point of wheat (44, 102), leaf spot and on stems of rubber (56, 1257; 67, 5560), ear rot of barley (62, 1005), rot of garlic (59, 4867). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Australia, Bangladesh, Brunei, Burma, Canada, Colombia, Cuba, Denmark, Egypt, Ethiopia, Fiji, Ghana, Guinea, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Iran, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Malaysia, Malawi, Nepal, Nigeria, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Swaziland, Sudan, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Trinidad, USA, USSR, Venezuela, Windward Islands, Zambia, Zimbabwe. TRANSMISSION: By wind-borne conidia and seed-borne.
Cochliobolus verruculosus
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Sivanesan A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Cochliobolus verruculosus
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS:
Avena, Buchloë, Chloris, Cynodon, Eleusine, Hordeum, Oryza, Leptochloa, Paspalum, Pennisetum, Saccharum, Sorghum, Triticum, Typha
and
Zea
. Also from many dicotyledenous hosts. DISEASE: Leaf spots, dry-rot of pineapple (61, 6510; 68, 2757), associated with crown rot of banana (54, 4051) and seed decay of sugarcane (63, 3545). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Australia, Bangladesh, Burma, Cuba, Egypt, Fiji, Ghana, India, Indonesia, Israel, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Malawi, Malaysia, Nepal, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Pakistan, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saudi Arabia, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Thailand, USA, Venezuela, Windward Islands, Yemen, Zambia. TRANSMISSION: By wind-borne conidia and seed-borne (67, 4997).
Drechslera cactivora
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Sivanesan A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Drechslera cactivora
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On members of
Cactaceae
(10, 798; 12, 27; 15, 371; 52, 758, 2098; 53, 2216). DISEASE: Stem rot of cacti. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: America, Europe. TRANSMISSION: Presumably by wind-borne conidia, wound parasite.
Acrocalymma medicaginis
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Punithalingam E. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Acrocalymma medicaginis
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOST:
Medicago sativa
(Lucerne). DISEASE: Root and crown rot of
Medicago saliva
. Affected plants show a reddish flecking in the cortex and vascular tissues of crowns and roots and the bark in infected areas is often fissured. As the disease advances, dry rot develops and the older infected tissues turn black. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Australia (New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia). TRANSMISSION: Most probably through soil and by water dispersed conidia.
Mycosphaerella mori
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Punithalingam E. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Mycosphaerella mori
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS:
Morus alba
(white mulberry),
M. nigra
. (black mulberry). DISEASE: Leaf spot or 'Cylindrosporiosis' of mulberry. The visible symptoms are light brown to dark brown circular or irregular lesions with paler or whitish centres. Individual lesions measure 3-6 cm wide but they often coalesce to form blotches. Severe disease leads to loss of foliage. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (Kenya, Libya, Zimbabwe, Malawi, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda), Asia (India, Iraq, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan, Turkey, U.S.S.R. Armenia, Republic of Georgia, Tashkent); Australasia (Australia, New South Wales, Western Australia), Europe (Austria, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, U.K., Hungary, Malta, Yugoslavia), North America (U.S.A., Pennsylvania to Florida, Texas to West Virginia, Wisconsin); South America (Brazil, Manaus). TRANSMISSION: By conidia dispersed by rain splash. The fungus overwinters in young parts of branches (14, 265) and in debris lying on the ground.
Stagonospora meliloti
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Punithalingam E. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Stagonospora meliloti
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS:
Medicago arabica
(spotted medick),
M. lupulina
(black medick),
M. polymorpha, M. sativa
(lucerne, alfalfa),
Melilotus alba
(white melilot),
M. dentata, M. officinalis
(yellow sweet clover),
M. suaveolens, Trifolium alpestre, T. hybridum
(alsike clover),
T. repens
(white clover, Dutch clover). Also on
Ulex europaeus
. DISEASE: Root rot, crown rot, stem blight and leaf spot. In alfalfa the taproot, crown, branches, and leaves are affected. The leaf spots are circular to irregular, light buff to greyish-white, 2-10 mm wide, sometimes involving the entire leaflet, with or without concentric bands, but always with a reddish-brown border. Usually pycnidia occur in the paler central areas of the spots. The visible symptoms on roots are smooth dark brown to black lesions which later dry, crack and become roughened. Beneath the surface the tissues turn reddish-brown to almost black. As the disease progresses slowly a dry rot develops followed by the appearance in the bark of a reddish colour which extends into the decaying wood rays. No new buds are formed and the plant eventually dies (18, 320). On species of
Melilotus
leaf spots have been reported as abundant in early spring and late in the fall in the U.S.A. In one variety of sweet clover only leaf spots have been reported abundant in the mid summer. The fungus enters roots through wounds. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia (Iran, Japan); Australasia & Oceania (Australia, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, New Zealand) Europe (France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Romania, Sweden, Switzerland, Yugoslavia, U.K.); North America (Canada, Manitoba, Ontario, Saskatchewan; U.S.A., Alabama, California, Idaho, Maryland, Minnesota, Wisconsin); South America (Brazil). TRANSMISSION: The fungus is probably soil-borne and survives in fodder crop debris. Conidia produced within pycnidia on leaves are liberated in masses when water is present and water splash helps dissemination. Entry into roots is through wounds (18, 320).
Phyllachora lespedezae
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Cannon P. F. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Phyllachora lespedezae
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS:
Desmodium marilandicum, Kummerowia stipulacea
(syn.
Lespedeza stipulacea
),
K. striata
(syn.
L. striata
),
Lespedeza capitata, L. hirta, L. intermedia
(syn.
L. frutescens
),
L. procumbens, L. repens, L. reticulata
(possibly a synonym of
L. virginica
),
L. stuevei, L. violacea, L. virginica
. DISEASE: Tar spot of leaves. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Canada (Ontario), U.S.A. (Alabama, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New Jersey, New York North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin). TRANSMISSION: No research has been done, but probably primarily by wind dispersal of ascospores. The stromatic phase is an over-wintering device.
Mycovellosiella oryzae
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Sivanesan A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Mycovellosiella oryzae
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS:
Oryza australiensis, O. glaberrima, O. longistaminata
and
O. saliva
. DISEASE: White leaf streak of rice. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Australia, Malaysia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands and Tanzania. TRANSMISSION: Presumably by air borne conidia.
Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. tessellarius
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Bradbury J. F. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. tessellarius
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOST:
Triticum aestivam
. Inoculation into barley, oats, sweet corn, sudan grass, wild rye, smooth brome and tomato resulted in multiplication of bacteria to above 106 CFU/g fresh weight in 10 days, but no symptoms were produced. In wheat higher populations and symptoms were produced. DISEASE: Bacterial mosaic of wheat. Small chlorotic lesions are densely spread over the leaf surfaces, resembling a virus mosaic. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: USA (AK, NE, IA). TRANSMISSION: The bacterium has been shown to occur in seed under the seed coat near the embryo and was found in the roots, sheaths and leaves of seedlings grown from such seed (McBeath & Adelman, 1986).
Pithomyces maydicus
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Kirk P. M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Pithomyces maydicus
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS:
Albizzia, Andropogon, Brassica, Cacuo, Calapogonium, Centrosema, Chasmopodium, Cinnamomum, Citrus, Coix, Colocasia, Elaeis, Gladiolus, Glycine, Hevea, Lycopersicon, Mangifera, Ochlandra, Oryza, Pinus, Pueraria, Podocarpus, Salvinia, Saccharum, Sorghum, Theobroma, Vanda, Vitex, Zea
; also from soil and wood. DISEASE: None as a primary pathogen of plants; frequently encountered as a secondary invader or as a saprophyte. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Ghana, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Togo. ASIA: Bangladesh, Brunei, India, Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah), Sri Lanka. AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA: New Caledonia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES: Honduras, Jamaica. SOUTH AMERICA: Ecuador, Guyana, Venezuela. TRANSMISSION: By unknown means.
Pithomyces sacchari
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Kirk P. M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Pithomyces sacchari
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS:
Abrus, Anacardium, Ananas, Andropogon, Areca, Aristida, Arundinella, Borassus, Cajanus, Camellia, Canavalia, Casuarina, Citrus, Coffea, Coix, Cycas, Cynodon, Dioscorea, Elaeis, Eucalyptus, Gladiolus, Imperata, Lolium, Lucerne, Medicago, Musa, Nicotiana, Ophiuros, Oryza, Peltophorum, Rhus, Saccharum, Sesamum, Sorghum, Themeda, Triticum, Vigna, Withania, Zea
; also from air, food (milk, stored grain), soil and plant debris, textiles, and wood. DISEASE: None as a primary pathogen of plants; frequently encountered as a secondary invader or as a saprophyte. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Egypt, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Mauritius, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe. ASIA: Hong Kong, India, Papua New Guinea, Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah), Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka. AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA: Australia, Guadalcanal, New Caledonia, USA (Hawaii). NORTH AMERICA: USA. CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES: Jamaica, Trinidad. SOUTH AMERICA: Venezuela. TRANSMISSION: By unknown means.
Peronospora potentillae
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Hall G. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Peronospora potentillae
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS:
Potentilla argentea, P. aurea
subsp.
aurea, P. aurea
subsp.
chrysocraspeda
(=
P. ternata
),
P. crantzii, P. pabelliformis, P. gracilis
subsp.
nuttallii
(=
P. nuttallii
),
P. grandiflora, P. nepalensis, P. norvegica, P. norvegica
var.
hirsuta, P. pulcherrima, P. sterilis
. Possibly
Fragaria vesca
and
F. moschata
, but see below. DISEASE: Downy mildew of
Potentilla
species; an obligately necrotrophic plant pathogen. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia; India, USSR (Uzbekistan). Europe; Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Eire, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Poland, Rumania, Sweden, Switzerland, UK (England, Wales, Scotland), USSR (Latvia; RSFSR). North America; USA (Arkansas, Colorado, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, New Jersey, Oregon, Texas, Washington State, Wisconsin, Wyoming), Canada (British Columbia, Saskatchewan) TRANSMISSION: By spores ('conidia') dispersed by wind or rain-splash. The role of oospores (if they are usually formed) in disease transmission is unknown.
Phytophthora richardiae
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Hall G. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Phytophthora richardiae
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS:
Asparagus
sp.,
Daucus carota, Lycopersicon esculentum, Zantedeschia aethiopica, Z. aethiopica
var.
minor
. DISEASE: Tuber rot of calla filly; foot rot of tomato; spear rot of asparagus; a facultatively necrotrophic plant pathogen. Symptoms on calla lily are: a yellow discoloration of the outer parts of leaves, slowly spreading over the entire leaf, then affecting inner leaves. Flowers are small, and, roots which are readily broken, only small pieces remaining attached to the tuber. In tomato, the disease symptoms are dieback of the main root and greying and hollowing of the stem base (46, 1335). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia; Philippines. Australasia & Oceania; Australia (NSW). Europe Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Netherlands, UK (England, N. Ireland). North America; USA (California, Florida, Indiana, Illinois, Maine, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Washington State). See IMI Distribution Map No. 171. TRANSMISSION: Not known, but presumably by zoospores in wet soil. The role of oospores is unknown, but presumably they act as perennating structures.
Alternaria bataticola
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , David J. C. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Alternaria bataticola
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOST:
Ipomoea batatas
. DISEASE: Leaf spot of Sweet Potato. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa: Central Africa, Burundi. Asia: Japan, Papua New Guinea. TRANSMISSION: By wind dispersal of airborne conidia.
Nimbya gomphrenae
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , David J. C. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Nimbya gomphrenae
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS:
Gomphrena globosa, Alternanthera denticulata, Ptilotus
sp. DISEASE: Leaf spot of
Gomphrena
. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia: Burma, Cambodia, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia (Java), Japan, Malaysia (Malaya, Sabah), Nepal, Sri Lanka. Australasia & Oceania: Australia. Central & South America: Cuba, Jamaica, Trinidad. North America: USA. TRANSMISSION: By wind dispersal of airborne conidia.
Sclerotinia trifoliorum
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Williams M. A. J. , Spooner B. M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Sclerotinia trifoliorum
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS:
Trifolium
spp., also
Medicago sativa
and other herbaceous leguminous forage crops including
Anthyllis vulneraria, Lathyrus
spp.,
other Medicago
spp.,
Melilotus
spp. and
Vicia
spp. including
V. faba
(on this host causing 'Bean rot'; the causal agent of which has often been referred to as
S. trifoliorum var. fabae
Keay) and
V. saliva
. Although approximately 100 hosts have been recorded for this pathogen there is often a lack of conclusive evidence that
S. trifoliorum
and not another
Sclerotinia
species is to blame. DISEASE: Rot, called variously: Stem rot, Crown rot, Brown patch of lawns, Clover sickness, Clover canker. Symptoms include leaf rot, petiole rot and stem rot. Initial leaf spotting may be followed by these more severe rot symptons. The foliage usually turns grey-green as though scalded, then may wither and the rot may spread. In lucerne the leaves may be totally destroyed by the pathogen, but it takes a long time to reach the root system through the comparatively thick stem. TRANSMISSION: The development of apothecia occurs in the autumn. Ascospores infect the leaves, and rotting of the clover plants sets in the following early spring. The fungus is able to complete its entire life-cycle as a saprophyte. Spread from plant to plant takes place chiefly along affected petioles, but the pathogen may grow about 2 cm over the soil from a nutritional base. The fungus can persist in the crown of the plant throughout the summer until harvest. Sclerotia may germinate to produce apothecia and ascospores which may infect emergent shoots; sclerotial germination is favoured by light, well-aerated soils and a temperature between 10° and 20°C. Mycelium and ascospores remain viable (in a dry state) for seven months, sclerotia buried in the soil survive for more than seven years.
In vitro
conidia will infect clover plants. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa: Egypt; Asia: China, India, Israel, Japan, Korea; Australasia & Oceania: Australia (NSW, Viet., Tas., W.A.), New Zealand; Europe: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Eire, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, The Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, USSR; North America: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Que, PEI), USA (widespread), Mexico; Central & South America: Chile (see
CMI Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases
No. 274).
Phialophora bubakii
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Williams M. A. J. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Phialophora bubakii
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Isolated from softwood and hardwood timber and wood pulp; also man,
Canis
. DISEASE: Causing blue staining of timber, also occasionally reported as causing opportunistic mycoses in man and
Canis
, both subcutaneous and systemic infections. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia: Bangladesh, India; Europe: Czechoslovakia, Sweden, U.K; North America: Canada; Australasia: Australia. TRANSMISSION: Opportunistie mycoses induced following trauma (18, 977), surgery (15, 190) etc.
Cintractia axicola
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Mordue J. E. M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Cintractia axicola
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS:
Fimbristylis
species, including
F. annua, F. autumnalis, F. complanata, F. dichotoma, F. diphylla, F. exilis, F. globulosa, F. obtusispora, F. squarrulosa, F. tenera
and
F. thonningiana
; occasionally other
Cyperaceae
. DISEASE: Smut of
Fimbristylis
. Dikaryotic hyphae ramify intercellularly and intracellularly in the epidermis, cortex, medulla and vascular tissues of infected peduncles and form a white fungal covering; within this covering the fungal stroma with sporogenous pockets develops. Eventually the smut forms conspicuous black spore masses around the peduncles, whilst the spikelets are little altered morphologically. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread in tropical and subtropical regions. Africa: Gabon, Ghana, Mauritius, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe; Asia: Burma, China, India, Indo-China, Japan, Malaysia, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan; Australasia and Oceania: Australia, Fiji, Papua New Guinea, North America: Mexico, USA; South America: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Uruguay, Venezuela; Central America: Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Grenada, Jamaica, Panama, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, St. Kitts, St. Lucia, St. Thomas, St. Vincent, Tobago, Trinidad, Virgin Is. (IMI Distribution Map 626, 1991). TRANSMISSION: Infection occurs in individual inflorescences. Ustilospores (and basidiospores) are disseminated by wind and rain. Ustilospore germination on peduncle surfaces and direct penetration of the epidermis have been observed (48, 3370).
Penicillium aurantiogriseum
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Kozakiewicz Z. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Penicillium aurantiogriseum
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Found principally on cereals (Pitt & Hocking, 1985). DISEASES: On animals:
Penicillium aurantiogriseum
produces a nephrotoxin and rats fed with such contaminated feed, or an extracted nephrotoxic fraction, displayed renal tubular necrosis (Adatia
et al.
, 1991). On man: It is implicated in Balkan endemic nephropathy (MacGregor & Mantle, 1991). On insects: It has been isolated from bees (IMI, 1988). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World-wide, with a preference for cool to temperate climates.
Penicillium citrinum
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Kozakiewicz Z. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Penicillium citrinum
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Found in soil, decaying vegetation etc. (Pitt, 1980). DISEASES: On man: Although not known to be pathogenic, it has been implicated in mycelial keratitis (Gugnani
et al.
, 1977). Additionally, it caused allergic reactions in workers producing ATP using the species as source (RMVM 21, 2235). In animals: It may be implicated in Balkan swine nephropathy outbreaks (Beuchat, 1987), and causing abortion in water buffaloes (RMVM 23, 32). World-wide, particularly in tropical and subtropical climates.
Penicillium islandicum
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Kozakiewicz Z. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Penicillium islandicum
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Common in cereals (Pitt, 1980). DISEASES: On man: It is the causal agent of 'yellow rice' disease, responsible for acute and chronic liver lesions cirrhosis and primary carcinomas, particularly in Japan (Beuchat, 1987). In animals: It is considered to be a weak pathogen (Pitt, 1980; IMI, 1988). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World-wide, although it appears to be more widespread in tropical than temperate regions.