bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenothiazine Inhibits Neuroinflammation and Inflammasome Activation Independent of Hypothermia After Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Guo Sichao , Geng Xiaokun , Lee Hangil , Ding Yuchuan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A depressive or hibernation-like effect of chlorpromazine and promethazine (C + P) on brain activity was reported to induce neuroprotection, with or without induced-hypothermia. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The current study evaluated the pharmacological function of C + P on the inhibition of neuroinflammatory response and inflammasome activation after ischemia/reperfusion. A total of 72 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 2 h middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by 6 or 24 h reperfusion. At the onset of reperfusion, rats received C + P (8 mg/kg) with temperature control. Brain cell death was detected by measuring CD68 and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels. Inflammasome activation was measured by mRNA levels of NLRP3, IL-1β, and TXNIP, and protein quantities of NLRP3, IL-1β, TXNIP, cleaved-Caspase-1, and IL-18. Activation of JAK2/STAT3 pathway was detected by the phosphorylation of STAT3 (p-STAT3) and JAK2 (p-JAK2), and the co-localization of p-STAT3 and NLRP3. Activation of the p38 pathway was assessed with the protein levels of p-p38/p38. The mRNA and protein levels of HIF-1α, FoxO1, and p-FoxO1, and the co-localization of p-STAT3 with HIF-1α or FoxO1 were quantitated. As expected, C + P significantly reduced cell death and attenuated the neuroinflammatory response as determined by reduced CD68 and MPO. C + P decreased ischemia-induced inflammasome activation, shown by reduced mRNA and protein expressions of NLRP3, IL-1β, TXNIP, cleaved-Caspase-1, and IL-18. Phosphorylation of JAK2/STAT3 and p38 pathways and the co-localization of p-STAT3 with NLRP3 were also inhibited by C + P. Furthermore, mRNA levels of HIF-1α and FoxO1 were decreased in the C + P group. While C + P inhibited HIF-1α protein expression, it increased FoxO1 phosphorylation, which promoted the exclusion of FoxO1 from the nucleus and inhibited FoxO1 activity. At the same time, C + P reduced the co-localization of p-STAT3 with HIF-1α or FoxO1. In conclusion, C + P treatment conferred neuroprotection in stroke by suppressing neuroinflammation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. The present study suggests that JAK2/STAT3/p38/HIF-1α/FoxO1 are vital regulators and potential targets for efficacious therapy following ischemic stroke.
Morphological and Molecular Confirmation of Four Undescribed Oleaginous Species of Mortierella from Libya
Authors: Eltariki Fuzia Elfituri Muftah , Tiwari Kartikeya , Alhoot Mohammed Abdelfatah 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A large number of undiscovered fungal species still exist on earth, which can be useful for the bioprospecting particularly the single cell oil (SCO) production. The present research study confirms four oleaginous fungal isolates from Libyan soil. These isolates (Barcoded as MSU-101, MSU-201, MSU-401 and MSU-501) were discovered and reported first time from diverse soil samples of district Aljabal Al-Akhdar in North-East Libya and fall in the class: Zygomycetes; order: Mortierellales. From the morphological and phylogenetic analysis, these isolates were identified and found as closest match with Mortierella alpina species. The present research study provides insight to the unseen fungal diversity and contributes to more comprehensive Mortierella alpina reference collections worldwide.
Histone Deacetylase 3 Associates With Key Regulators of NFκB Signaling in Lung Epithelial Cells Under Stimulation With LPS.
Authors: Stanfield Brent A , Soderblom Erik J , Palmer Scott , Sullenger Bruce , Purves Todd , Welty-Wolf Karen , Agarwal Suresh , Kasotakis George 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Histone Deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) is a Class I member of the histone deacetylase family that is recruited to nuclear enhancers. HDAC3 is located within the cell nucleus, where it constitutes the sole endogenous HDAC interacting with the nuclear-receptor corepressor complex containing NCOR and SMRT (NCOR2). As such, HDAC3 has a unique role in modulating the transcriptional activity of nuclear receptors. We have previously demonstrated its involvement in the inflammatory response in Lipopolysaccharide A (LPS)-stimulated human MH-S alveolar macrophages in vitro, and its interaction with pro-inflammatory IL-12 and anti-inflammatory IL-10. Similarly, our previous work using the broad spectrum HDAC inhibitor trichostatin A has demonstrated therapeutic efficacy reducing the pathogenesis of acute gram negative pneumonia in-vivo. With the current project, we aim to identify the HDAC3 interactome in LPS-stimulated human pulmonary epithelial cells type II (A549), the first immune defense in pathogens invading the lungs. Methods: Human A549 cells were transfected with a BioID2-tagged HDAC3 plasmid, and were divided in three groups: a. Untreated, b. stimulated with LPS, and c. stimulated with LPS and treated with Entinostat (MS275, a HDAC1/3 inhibitor). Cells were lysed, and total and biotinylated protein were submitted for quantitative Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry analysis to identify the peptides that directly bind with HDAC3. Data were searched against the Swiss Protein Human database, and False Discovery Rate (FDR) was set at 1%. Results: The dataset yielded 395,776 peptide matches. After peptide sequencing by database searching and validation, and FDR exclusion, we identified 2,666 proteins. Of these, 33 have been annotated to function in the NF-kB signaling pathway and/or NF-kB-regulated transcriptional activity.Conclusion: Protein acetylation is a reversible post-translational modification that is known to stabilize protein structure and modify function and localization. With the current project we have identified several potential proteins in the HDAC3 interactome that may be targeted early in the NF-κB activation process to disrupt HDAC3-substrate interaction and potentially downstream signaling. Nuclear activation of NF-κB is known to be involved in the early stages of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and is a target of intense study for the development of novel therapeutics.
Blood snoRNAs and miRNAs as predictors of COVID-19 Severity
Authors: Parray Aijaz , Mir Fayaz , Doudin Asmma , Iskandarani Ahmad , Danjuma Ibn Mohammed , Kuni Rahim , Abdelmajid Alaaedin , Abdelhafez Ibrahim , Arif Rida , Mulhim Mohammad , Abukhattab Mohammad , Dar Shoukat , Elkord Eyad , Al-khal Abdul Latif , Elzouki Abdel-Naser , Cyprian Farhan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
There is a lack of predictive markers for early and rapid identification of disease progression in COVID-19 patients. Our study aims at identifying non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as potential biomarkers of COVID-19 severity. Using differential expression analysis of microarray data (n = 29), we identified hsa-miR-494-3p, hsa-miR-1246, ACA40, hsa-miR-4532, ACA15 as the top five differentially expressed transcripts in severe versus asymptomatic, and ACA40, hsa-miR-3609, hsa-miR-6790-5p, hsa-miR-126-3p, hsa-miR-885-3p as the most significant five in severe versus mild cases. Moreover, we found that WBC count, absolute neutrophil count, neutrophil (%), lymphocyte (%), RBC count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, D-Dimer and albumin were significantly correlated with the identified ncRNAs. Altogether, we present the first comprehensive analysis of COVID-19-associated microRNA (miRNA)/ small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) signature, highlighting the importance of ncRNAs in SARS-CoV-2 infection. One-Sentence Summary: We show a unique miRNA and snoRNA profile that is associated with a higher risk of severity in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients.
Awareness of Toxicological Impact and Risk of using Talcum Powder as a factor for Ovarian Cancer among Women in three Metropolitan Cities of Southwestern States of Nigeria
Authors: Omoyajowo Koleayo Oluwafemi , Ogunyebi Amos Lanreyebi , Adenekan Olapeju Aarinola , Bakare Tolulope I. , Omoyajowo Busayo , Odipe Oluwaseun Emmanuel , Samuel Ibitayo Abiola 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the public awareness level on the toxicological nature of talcum powder and the perceived risk of ovarian cancer among women in order to design effective interventions that will ultimately improve public health among all women in Nigeria. A risk perception survey was developed to capture the public awareness level about talcum powder as an emerging contaminant and risk of ovarian cancer, inquiring whether risk is viewed positively or negatively and the extent of worry or concern. A total of 300 questionnaires were administered and returned, analyzed and interpreted for policy decision making. Each questionnaire contains mostly Likert type questions featuring a set of risks with fixed response alternatives. Basic descriptive statistics was considered for explanatory variables: age, educational attainment and generalized risk sensitivity. Majority of respondents use talcum powder for different purposes. 28% of respondents use talcum powder for genital hygiene, out of which 42.86% use this cosmetic product on a daily basis. Poor level of awareness was generally observed as most respondents do not know whether talcum powder could be considered a potential risk factor for ovarian cancer. Majority (66.43%) were very concerned about the risk of ovarian cancer but perceived less risk for ovarian cancer when asked to compare risk with their respective age groups. Notably, poor level of awareness about the toxicological nature of talc and the relatively high level of perceived risk of developing ovarian cancer due to previous talc exposure was evident among respondents in our study.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the wellbeing of parkrun participants in the United Kingdom
Authors: Quirk Helen , Haake Steve , Goyder Elizabeth , Bullas Alice , Graney Mike , Wellington Chrissie 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
IntroductionLockdown restrictions imposed across the UK in response to the COVID-19 pandemic had a profound impact on many people’s health and wellbeing. People were encouraged to be active, but population surveys suggest some groups found this easier than others. We explored the changes in health, wellbeing and physical activity levels among a sample in the UK who experienced the sudden loss of a weekly community-based physical activity opportunity, parkrun.MethodsA sample of UK parkrun participants responded to two surveys; pre-COVID-19 in January/February 2019 and during the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2020. Outcomes were happiness, life satisfaction, connections with others, physical health, mental health and physical activity. The sample was stratified by gender, age, deprivation status, physical activity and number of parkruns completed. Demographics were reported using descriptive statistics. Distributions between sub-groups were compared using Chi-square tests while differences in outcomes were determined using the Mann-Whitney U test. Open text responses were also analysed. FindingsHappiness, life satisfaction, connections with others, physical health and mental health of 450 parkrun participants were negatively impacted for all sub-groups, although the impact was not experienced equally. The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted the mental wellbeing of a greater proportion of females, younger adults, inactive people, those from higher deprivation areas, and those who had completed fewer parkruns.ConclusionsThere is evidence that the wellbeing of those who were more active, and those more involved in a community-based physical activity initiative pre-pandemic, was less negatively affected during the COVID-19 lockdown.
Adsorption of petroleum products by modified and activated adsorbents
Authors: Chugunov A. D. , Filatova E. G. 
Published: July 2021

This research is aimed at investigating the adsorption of petroleum products from aqueous solutions by adsorbents modified with HCl and those activated by microwave radiation. The research objects were carbon adsorbents: activated coals, such as AD-05-2, IPI-T, KAD-iodine and zeolites of the TransBaikal deposit. The quantitative analysis of waters (standardised test solutions with an initial concentration of petroleum products not exceeding 10 mg/l) was carried out by the fluorimetric method using a Fluorat-02 liquid analyser. The adsorbents were activated in a microwave oven at a wave power of 800 W for 1 min. The modification was carried out according to the following procedure: 10 g of the adsorbents dried to a constant weight at a temperature of 120-150 °C were stirred for 24 h with 200 ml of a 12% HCl solution in water.Next, the suspension was filtered and washed with distilled water until neutral. It was found that the value of adsorption of petroleum products by adsorbents modified with HCl increases by 3.8 times for activated carbon KAD-iodine, 0.5 times for IPI-T, and equals 0.71 mg/g and 0.80 mg/g respectively. Among the studied sorbents, these sorbents have the largest grain size (3-5 mm) and micropore volume (0.28-0.29 cm3/g). It was established that the method of short-term (within 1 min) microwave activation makes it possible to increase the adsorption of petroleum products by: 4.2 times for activated carbon KAD-iodine and 0.6 times for IPI-T in comparison with the original adsorbents. The highest adsorption value of petroleum products corresponds to zeolites and equals 0.99 mg/g. The action of microwave radiation is associated with the dissociation and evaporation of the water bound in the adsorbents and flammable organic substances, which leads to an increase in the porosity of the adsorbent. The application of the microwave activation method is highly promising in comparison with the classic methods of chemical and steam-gas activation. This method simplifies the technological design and reduces the consumption of reagents for the production of effective adsorbents used to extract petroleum products from aqueous solutions, which acquires particular importance in the context of maintaining the environmental safety of water use.
Soft, Disruptive and Wearable Electrochemical Biosensors
Authors: Lyu Quanxia , Gong Shu , Dyson Jennifer M. , Cheng Wenlong 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Soft wearable electrochemical biosensors are attracting increasing attention
over the past several years due to their potential for non-invasive personalized health monitoring
in real-time and in-situ.

Objective:
Herein, we cover the design, fabrication, and applications of soft electrochemical sensing
systems. Firstly, we describe key design requirements for fabricating the mechanically compliant
electrochemical biosensors. This is followed by a narration of typical sensor configurations and
the detecting methodologies. Next, on-body soft electrochemical biosensing and cell/tissue-based
“wearable” sensing applications are summarized. Detection of key biochemical markers, including
metabolites (glucose, lactate, uric acid and ethanol), electrolytes (Na+ and K+), nutrients (vitamin
C), hormones (cortisol) and proteins (TNF-α), as well as cellular signalling molecules (nitric oxide,
hydrogen peroxide and serotonin), is the focus of the discussion in this review.

Conclusion:
We conclude the review with discussions on future opportunities and challenges of the
soft and wearable electrochemical biosensors.
Recent Advances in Bipolar Electrochemiluminescence for Analytical
Application
Authors: Xing Huanhuan , Li Jing , Wang Erkang 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Bipolar electrode (BPE), as an immersed electrical conductor in the electrolyte,
can be polarized into cathodic and anodic poles under a sufficient electric field without
direct contact, which affords a unique way to promote asymmetrical reactions at two poles. Up to
date, bipolar electrochemistry has been widely used in the preparation of Janus materials, the fabrication
of sensing/screening platform, target focusing and microswimmers. However, the wireless
feature of BPE makes monitoring the Faradaic current difficult. Electrochemiluminescence (ECL),
the light emission via an electrochemical reaction, matches the feature of bipolar electrochemistry
well and is widely adopted to achieve the record of the Faradaic current flowing through the BPE.
The objective of the present review aims to demonstrate the most recent advances in analytical
applications (2016-2020) in combination with the high sensitive ECL as the output.

Methods:
Due to the difficulty of the recording of the Faradaic current flowing the BPE, the ECL,
as a simple, sensitive and detectable signal-out, has become a popular method for analytical application
based on the BPE. This review mainly summarizes the recent research of BPE/ECL according
to the configuration and sensing principle of BPE designed in the ECL analysis.

Results:
Various sensors based on the BPE/ECL have been proposed for the electroactive targets
and the bio-relevant molecules without the electroactivity by different ingenious designs. Besides,
the microelectrode array and ultra-microelectrode (UME) array have also been applied in the
BPE/ECL field to achieve the high temporal-spatial resolution imaging of the sample molecules
based on the BPE microelectrode array.

Conclusion:
The combination of BPE and ECL provides a simple, portable and versatile sensor
strategy for various targets due to the unique advantages of BPE and ECL, and can be applied for
the fast, accurate and point-of-care diagnostics of numerous diseases. Though the BPE/ECL analysis
has many merits such as high-throughput, excellent sensitivity, and high spatial-temporal resolution,
the sensitive and commercial ECL analysis based on the BPE is still difficult to realize and
the analysis research of BPE/ECL is still in the early stage.
Inflammasome can Affect Adult Neurogenesis: A Review Article
Authors: Asl Sara Solimani , Jalili Cyrus , Artimani Tayebeh , Ramezani Mahdi , Mirzaei Fatemeh 
Published: July 2021

Adult neurogenesis is the process of producing new neurons in the adult brain and is limited to two major areas: the hippocampal dentate gyrus and the Subventricular Zone (SVZ). Adult neurogenesis is affected by some physiological, pharmacological, and pathological factors. The inflammasome is a major signalling platform that regulates caspase-1 and induces proinflammatory cytokines production such as interleukin-1β (IL1-β) and IL-18.
Inflammasomes may be stimulated through multiple signals, and some of these signaling factors can affect neurogenesis. In the current review, “adult neurogenesis and inflammasome” were searched in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Reviewing various research works showed correlations between inflammasome and neurogenesis by different intermediate factors, such as interferons (IFN), interleukins (IL), α-synuclein, microRNAs, and natural compounds. Concerning the significant role of neurogenesis in the health of the nervous system and memory, understanding factors inducing neurogenesis is crucial for identifying new therapeutic aims. Hence in this review, we will discuss the different mechanisms by which inflammasome influences adult neurogenesis.
Factors Associated with Suboptimal Control of Asthma among Adult Asthma Patients: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Lual Kuol Peter , Yizengaw Mengist Awoke 
Published: July 2021

Introduction:
Asthma is a major public health problem that negatively impacts patients, families, and the community. Identifying risk factors for poor asthma control may greatly enhance the establishment of more effective treatment of asthma. The level of asthma control and risk factors for poor asthma control is relatively unknown in Ethiopia.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 adult asthma patients at the Outpatient Department (OPD) chest clinic of Jimma Medical Center (JMC), from February 15 –March 20, 2019. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) 21.0 was used for data analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to analyze the potential associated factors of suboptimal control of asthma.

Results and Discussion:
Of 150 adults diagnosed with asthma recruited in this study, 81 [54.0%] of them were females, and the mean age of the patients was 41.1 ± 12.4 years. Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) plus short-acting beta-agonist (SABA) (64, 42.7%) was the most frequently used anti-asthmatic medication. Over one-fourth (26.0%) (95% CI, 19.2-33.8) of study participants had suboptimal asthma control. On multivariate logistic regression, being an urban dweller (AOR=3.70, p=0.025) and not applying proper inhalation technique (AOR=16.23, p=0.022) were increased the risk of suboptimal asthma control, while non-prescription anti-asthmatic drugs taking habit (AOR=0.25, p=0.010) reduces the odds of having suboptimal asthma control.

Conclusion:
Suboptimal asthma control is high among adult asthma patients. Being an urban dweller and not applying proper inhalation techniques were increased the likelihood of suboptimal asthma control, while non-prescription anti-asthmatic drugs taking habits had lower odds of suboptimal asthma control. The authors recommend large sample size studies on the comparative status of asthma control using prescription versus non-prescription anti-asthmatic medication.
Comparison of Four Intraocular Power Calculation Formulas in Keratoconus Eyes
Authors: Camps Vicente J. , Riad Ramy R. Fikry , Caravaca-Arens Esteban , Labib Fady E. , Mateo Veronica , Caballero María T. , Piñero David P. 
Published: July 2021

Introduction:
This study aimed to evaluate the differences in Intraocular Lens (IOL) power in keratoconus (KC) eyes between calculations obtained clinically with the most commonly used formulas in healthy eyes (SRK T, Holladay 1, Hoffer Q and Haigis) as well as to define predictive factors for such differences.

Methods:
This retrospective study comprised 43 keratoconus eyes of 22 patients with no previous ocular surgery. IOL powers were calculated with SRK T, Holladay 1, Hoffer Q, and Haigis formulas, considering the Effective Lens Position (ELP) of each formula and the desired refraction of 0 D (Rdes=0 D).

Results:
All differences between formulas were statistically significant and clinically relevant. Haigis formula always provided higher values compared to the rest of the formulas, with the highest differences observed when comparing Haigis with Hoffer (0.84 D) and Hoffer Q (1.17 D) formulas. The lowest difference was obtained for the comparison between SRK-T and Holladay 1 formulas (0.22 D). Differences of the Haigis formula compared to the rest were higher as the magnitude of the IOL power calculated decreased, becoming the patient more myopic. Increased differences between Haigis and Hoffer formulas were observed in eyes with deep anterior chambers, steeper anterior and posterior corneal surfaces, and high axial lengths.

Conclusion:
The most comparable results in IOL power in keratoconus are provided by the Holladay 1 and SRK T formulas, whereas the Haigis formula provides the most discrepant outcome. The consideration of the curvature of the second corneal surface in IOL power calculations in keratoconus may decrease the variability between calculation methods. However, other factors as anterior chamber depth or axial length are also relevant.
Spinoza over democratie en godsdienst
Authors: De Clercq B.J. 
Published: July 2021

As a contribution to the commemorations of Spinoza's death (1677), this article describes in a few pages the significance of Spinoza in the evolution of Western political thought. Especially in his (unachieved) Political Treatise, Spinoza attempted to elaborate a «scientific» theory of political life, i.e. a closing deductive theory based upon a «true knowledge of the causes and natural bases» of human actions and passions. In his view it can be proved with a rational necessity that democracy - defined as Spinoza defines it - is the best political regime. He strongly emphasizes that democracy and, consequently, a well organized and efficiently functioning life in common, is impossible without real freedom of opinion and speech and a political «neutralization» of religion.