bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Operative Fires
Authors: Hendrix Bryce , Ponce Brent , Joiner Aaron , Connelley Cole , Kelly Tyler , Ruark Randall 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Operative fires are rare but unforgettable events, with the potential for devastating outcomes. It is estimated that 650 operating room (OR) fires occur each year in the United States, with the use of electrocautery devices and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) as the primary ignition and fuel sources. There are several case reports of OR fires caused by PMMA and electrocautery in the literature, but, to our knowledge, no formal studies have been performed exposing the flammability of PMMA and how PMMA reacts to an electrocautery ignition source.

Methods:
We studied the flammability of PMMA with electrocautery as an ignition source in a controlled laboratory setting. We used 2 different brands of PMMA, both with and without antibiotics. The PMMA was prepared according to the manufacturer’s guidelines. In our model, which used a cadaveric leg, the PMMA was placed next to a femoral component that is used in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Electrocautery was applied at 30-second intervals for a total of 15 minutes. Flammability was defined as any visualized spark or flame while using an electrocautery device. The heat resulting from the chemical reaction was recorded every 30 seconds with a thermal imaging camera (TIC). Video recording was used during the experiment to document the flammability events. A total of 108 tests were performed.

Results:
PMMA with and without antibiotics proved to be flammable with the use of electrocautery. All flammability occurred within 7 minutes of combining the monomer and the powder. Increased flammability was seen with the use of antibiotic additives.

Conclusions:
PMMA was found to be highly flammable in the initial curing period when exposed to electrocautery as an ignition source. When PMMA is ready for application, we recommend that an “electrocautery timeout” be performed, wherein the electrocautery device is removed from the operating field for a minimum of 7 minutes or until the PMMA has fully hardened.
PENGGUNAAN ABU BATU DAN SPLIT DALAM PEMBUATAN PAVING BLOCK
Authors: Mulyati Mulyati 
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini menggunakan abu batu dan split sebagai bahan campuran dalam pembuatan paving block. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui nilai kuat tekan dan penyerapan air paving block dari penggunaan abu batu dan split. Bahan campuran pembutan paving block sebagai pembanding digunakan semen dan pasir dengan komposisi 1:8, dan penggunaan semen, abu batu, split dengan komposisi 1:6:4, 1:8:4, 1:8:8. Pembuatan benda uji paving block menggunakan mesin dengan ukuran cetakan 21 cm x 10,5 cm x 6 cm. Pengujian kuat tekan dan penyerapan air paving block dilakukan pada umur 28 hari. Hasil penelitian menggunakan pasir serta abu batu dan split dalam pembuatan paving block dengan perbandingan 1:8, dan 1:6:4, 1:8:4, 1:8:8, diperoleh kuat tekan rata-rata berturut-turut sebesar 5,29 dan 5,07 MPa, 7,99 MPa, 4,51 MPa, dan untuk penyerapan air rata-rata berturut-turut sebesar 10,64% dan 7,14%, 9,70%, 9,87%.
POMPA HIDRAM (POMPA AIR TANPA PENGGERAK ENERGI MEKANIK)
Authors: Anwar Irwan , Wardianto Dedi , Afdal Afdal 
Published: December 2024

Pompa hidram adalah pompa air dengan memanfaatkan energi potensial (EP = mgh) yang dipunyai oleh air karena ada perbedaan ketinggian letak dengan rumah pompa (elevasi) dan energi kinetik (EK = ½ mV2) yang terjadi ketika air mengalir dari reservoir sumber air di dalam pipa intake menuju rumah pompa hidram sehingga menimbulkan tekanan dinamik air atau palu air (water hammer) sehingga air tersebut dapat dipindah dari permukaan yang lebih tinggi dari rumah pompa (H2 = ± 50 meter s/d 500 meter dari rumah pompa.
Perbedaan elevasi ini minimal ± 1 meter debit air yang dipompakan (minimal) 7 liter tiap menit tergantung pada diameter Æ pompa dan tipe pompa yang dipasang. Secara matematik konstruktif pemasangan pompa ini standarnya panjang pipa intake (pipa masuk sama dengan 5 s/d 10 kali tinggi terjun air (H1 atau L intake = 5 s/d 10 x H1). H1 = tinggi terjun (vertikal faall) L intake = panjang pipa intake.
TP63 mediates the generation of tumour-specific chromatin loops that underlie MYC activation in radiation-induced tumorigenesis
Authors: Hu Yi , Liu Qiaowei , Jiang Shuai , Xu Xiang , Xu Kang , Luo Yawen , Yu Zongyuan , Xiang Meida , Xu Zhouyang , Wang Lijie , Zhang Sujie , Tao Haitao , Yang Xuhui , Jiang Chongbo , Qi Xiaoguang , Li Hao , Gao Yiming , Li Yao , Fu Shihui , Zhou Ping-Kun , Bo Xiaochen , Chen Hebing , Chen Xiaohua 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Alterations in 3D chromatin conformation may disrupt the interplay between promoters and distal enhancers. How gene regulatory circuits are reshaped during ionizing radiation-induced tumorigenesis remains unclear, and little is known about the mediators that drivethese processes. To decipher the chromatin alterations in radiation-induced lung cancer, we performed ATAC-seq, RNA-seq and Hi-C analyses of human bronchial epithelial cells and corresponding radiation-induced malignant transformed cell lines. We found that this malignant transformation is accompanied by chromatin switching from inactive B compartment to active A compartment, increased number of TADs and gained ATAC-seq peaks that mediate new distal chromatin contacts. We identified tumour protein 63 (TP63) as a mediator of new chromatin-accessible sites that anchor tumour-specific chromatin contacts in radiation-induced tumour cells. A TP63-mediated accessible chromatin site anchors a tumour-specific TAD boundary and multiple tumour-specific chromatin loops, which might underlie MYC oncogene activation during the malignant transformation.
Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on swallowing improvement and cortical excitability in hemispheric stroke patients: a randomized, sham-controlled trial
Authors: Duan Guoping , Yuan Ying , Hua Heliu , Zhang Xu , Liu Baohu , Li Yuanyuan , Zhao Jiayi , Wang Qiuyue , Wang Jie , Wu Dongyu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been extensively utilized in the treatment of post-stroke dysphagia; however, the effect of different tDCS protocols remains uncertain. This study aims to investigate the effect of tDCS on dysphagia after hemispheric stroke and compare the effect of tDCS among three protocols. A total of 90 hemispheric stroke patients were randomized into three groups: bilateral, contralesional, and ipsilesional tDCS. Each group received anodal tDCS over the orofacial sensorimotor cortex (S1M1) of the bilateral, contralesional, and ipsilesional hemispheres, respectively, administered for 20 sessions overall, combined with exercise-based swallowing therapy. After tDCS, both the dysphagia assessment scale and the swallow severity scale showed significant improvement in all three groups (all p <0.01). In the comparisons among the three groups, the bilateral tDCS demonstrated significantly greater improvement than both the contralesional and ipsilesional tDCS group, in terms of the dysphagia assessment scale (all p <0.001) and swallow severity scale (all p <0.05). The analysis of ApEn showed increased cortical excitability in both stimulated and non-stimulated areas of bilateral hemispheres after bilateral and unilateral tDCS. Moreover, larger cortical areas of bilateral hemispheres were activated after bilateral tDCS, compared to those after unilateral tDCS.
Trial registration: ChiCTR-TRC-14004955(16/07/2014).
Association of Life’s Essential 8 with femur osteoporosis among US adults: a cross-sectional study from NHANES
Authors: Liu Xuecheng , Lv Kai , Zhang Rilin , Xu Jianghan , Ge Zhichao , Zhao Qing , Wang Shuqiang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a significant public health concern characterized by decreased bone mineral density and increased fracture risk, particularly among older adults. Lifestyle factors play a crucial role in bone health, and the American Heart Association’s Life’s Essential 8 score has been associated with various health outcomes. However, the relationship between LE8 scores and osteoporosis risk remains underexplored. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 6,748 participants aged 50 years and older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Femur BMD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and osteoporosis was defined according to the World Health Organization criteria. LE8 scores were calculated based on the American Heart Association’s guidelines, with scores categorized as low, moderate, or high. Multivariable logistic regression and modified Poisson regression with robust error variance were employed to assess the association between LE8 scores and osteoporosis risk. Higher LE8 scores were significantly associated with increased femur BMD and a reduced risk of osteoporosis. Compared to participants with low LE8 scores, those with moderate and high LE8 scores had significantly lower adjusted odds of osteoporosis (aOR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.46-0.83; aOR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.31-0.89, respectively). The adjusted relative risks (aRR) were also significantly lower for the moderate and high LE8 groups (aRR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.56-0.86; aRR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.42-0.92, respectively). A nonlinear relationship was observed between LE8 scores and BMD (P for nonlinearity < 0.001), indicating more substantial reductions in osteoporosis risk at higher LE8 scores. Subgroup analyses revealed that the protective effect of higher LE8 scores was more pronounced in non-hispanic whites and premenopausal women. These findings suggest LE8 scores are negatively and nonlinearly associated with osteoporosis risk among U.S. adults aged 50 and older.
An investigation of in vivo performance of bupivacaine multivesicular liposomes in rats and the impacts from product qualities
Authors: Xia Ziyun , Liu Yayuan , Lu Ziyi , Gan Jingyao , Yu Minzhi , Olsen Karl , Wang Yan , Xu Xiaoming , Schwendeman Steve , Schwendeman Anna 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

A bupivacaine multivesicular liposomal injectable formulation, ExparelTM, is a nonopioid long-acting local analgesic indicated for pain management across and/or post surgeries. For such products, preclinical data is lacking to support bioequivalence determination for potential generic products. Therefore, in the present work, in vivo studies were set up in male Sprague-Dawley rats to understand the in vivo performance of bupivacaine multivesicular liposomes (MVLs), aiming to provide information on bioequivalence establishment between comparator products. Bupivacaine MVLs show a multiphasic release profile, and their pharmacokinetics (PK) may differ with different experimental conditions including doses, administration routes, and sample dilution factors. In this work, compromised bupivacaine MVLs were either generated in lab by freeze-thawing, mechanical agitation, and high-temperature incubation, or chosen from years-old expired batches of ExparelTM, for a preliminary investigation on the in vitro and in vivo association. The formulation attributes of different bupivacaine MVLs were characterized, including morphology, particle size distribution, formulation pH, free drug contents, in vitro release, and in vivo PK. In the rat study, even with an observation of inter- and intra-variability in PK, an association between product attributes and in vivo behaviors was demonstrated with bupivacaine MVLs. Overall, investigating the bupivacaine MVLs in vivo is beneficial not only to fill in gaps in preclinical data in the field of bupivacaine MVLs, but also to help pave the path for developing other MVL-related products.
Post Activation Potentiation Effect of Different Preloading Protocols on Sprint Performance
Authors: CELIK Seyfullah , ORER Gamze ERIKOGLU 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the post-activation potentiation effects of different pre-loading protocols involving blood flow-restricted plyometric jumps on sprint performance. In this randomized crossover experimental study, 15 athletes with at least seven years of sporting experience participated voluntarily. Participants underwent several anthropometric measurements (height, body weight, body mass index, and body fat percentage) as well as performance measurements (10-meter and 20-meter sprints). The data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical software. The effect size and percentage changes are reported to illustrate the practical significance of the differences. Cohen's d test was used to determine the effect size. Differences between repeated measures data were analyzed using repeated-measures one-way ANOVA. Tukey’s post hoc test was used to determine the protocols responsible for the differences. The eta-squared (η²) value was used to express the effect size. The significance level was set at p=0.05, with 95% confidence interval. In conclusion, all pre-loading protocols demonstrated a positive post-activation potentiation effect on sprint performance. However, the greatest potentiating effect was observed with the pre-loading protocol involving blood flow-restricted plyometric jumps with a weighted vest.
Design and Implementation of Smart Traffic Light System Using Renewable Energy, Fail-Safe Systems, and Intelligent Sensors
Authors: Salama Ramiz , Idoko John Bush 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

To overcome the disadvantages of traditional traffic lights, this study provides a detailed examination of the development and implementation of a smart traffic light system. The research focuses on developing cutting-edge smart traffic light systems that incorporate intelligent sensors for real-time data collection, fail-safe mechanisms, energy efficiency, and renewable energy sources. The recommended system uses infrared (IR) sensors to track autos and collect exact data for simulations. The system uses this technology to detect lane violations, reduce wait times, avoid inadvertent crashes, and make empty lanes simpler to pass. It also allows for the tracking of vehicle numbers over different weekdays and hours to help with traffic control. The system was evaluated using a simulation program written in Python and powered by the Ursina engine. This software allows the proposed ideas to be tested and confirmed in a realistic setting. The results' correctness and realism are examined, and prior simulations using OpenStreetMap (OSM) are also discussed. The program also looks into other capabilities, such as tracking vehicle movement across the city by capturing license plates and routes, as well as assessing the time between traffic lights to identify speeding cars. This research increases traffic management and safety by incorporating revolutionary traffic signal designs, energy-saving approaches, fail-safe systems, intelligent sensors, and simulation software. The findings provide politicians and urban planners with critical new knowledge.
The Relationship Between Medication Error Tendency and Mindfulness Levels of Nursing Students in Turkey: A Descriptive and Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Görücü Selçuk , Türk Gülengün 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Given the nature of the health profession, medical errors are considered a common problem. Nursing students are inevitably likely to make medical errors due to the lack of adequate and safe learning environments during their clinical practice.
Aim
We aimed to investigate the relationship between the tendency to make medical errors and the level of mindfulness of senior nursing students.
Methods
Data were collected using the Malpractice Trend Scale (MTS) and the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). This study was reported following STROBE.
Results
The students' MAAS total score mean was 62.96 ± 1.64. The MTS total score mean was 79.91 ± 1.25. According to Pearson correlation analysis, there was a weak, positive (r = .194) and statistically insignificant (p > 0.05) relationship between the total scores of MTS and MAAS.
Conclusions
It was concluded that as the students' mindfulness levels increase, their tendency to make medication errors decreases, but this result is not statistically significant.
NOTEARS-M: Causal Bayesian Network Structure Learning of Mixed Type Data and Its Application in Identifying Disease Risk Factors
Authors: Zhao Yuanyuan , Jia Jinzhu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Identifying and understanding disease risk factors is crucial in epidemiology, particularly for chronic and noncommunicable diseases that often have complex interrelationships. Traditional statistical methods struggle to capture these complexities, necessitating more sophisticated analytical frameworks. Bayesian networks and directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) provide powerful tools for exploring the complex relationships between variables. However, existing DAG structure learning algorithms still have limitations in handling mixed-type data (including continuous and discrete variables), which restricts their practical utility. Therefore, developing DAG structure learning methods that can effectively handle mixed data is highly important for obtaining an in-depth understanding of disease risk factors and pathogenic mechanisms.
Methods
This study proposes an extension of the NOTEARS algorithm, termed NOTEARS-M, which is designed for Bayesian network structure learning with mixed-type data. The algorithm integrates continuous and categorical variables through a tailored loss function, enhancing its applicability to real-world epidemiological datasets.
Results
Extensive simulations were conducted across eight distinct scenarios, specifically, variations in the number of nodes, changes in the proportion of categorical nodes, different sample sizes, levels of categorical nodes, variations in edge sparsity, adjustments to the weight scale, different graph types, and diverse noise distributions. These scenarios demonstrate that NOTEARS-M consistently outperforms existing methods such as MMHC, mDAG, and DAGBagM across key metrics, including precision, recall, F1 score, and structural Hamming distance (SHD). Furthermore, the robustness of NOTEARS-M is validated through its application to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dataset, revealing critical causal relationships among risk factors for CHD and diabetes.
Conclusions
NOTEARS-M provides a powerful and scalable tool for uncovering causal relationships in complex disease networks, with significant implications for risk factor identification and public health research.
URFM: a general Ultrasound Representation Foundation Model for advancing ultrasound image diagnosis
Authors: Kang Qingbo , Lao Qicheng , Gao Jun , Bao Wuyongga , Lu Qiang , Li Kang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Ultrasound imaging is pivotal in clinical diagnostics, providing critical insights into a wide range of diseases and organs. However, advancing artificial intelligence (AI) in this field is hindered by challenges such as the reliance on large labeled datasets and the limited generalizability of task-specific models, largely due to ultrasound’s low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). To address these issues, we propose the Ultrasound Representation Foundation Model (URFM), designed to learn robust and generalizable representations from unlabeled ultrasound data.URFM is pre-trained on over 1 million ultrasound images from 15 major anatomical organs, utilizing representation-based masked image modeling (MIM) and state-of-the-art self-supervised learning techniques. Unlike traditional pixel-based MIM, URFM integrates high-level representations from BiomedCLIP, a medical vision-language model, to handle the low SNR inherent in ultrasound imaging. Extensive evaluations show URFM outperforms existing methods, excelling in generalization, label efficiency, and training speed, highlighting its potential to revolutionize diagnostic accuracy and clinical workflows.
Principal-agent Problems in the Purchase of Durables: Evidence from Motorcycles in Nepal
Authors: Filippini Massimo , Raut Nirmal Kumar , Sriniva Suchita , Sureka Keshav 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

We investigate the existence of a principal-agent problem between parents and financially dependent adult children within households on the purchase of a durable (such as a vehicle). We theoretically argue that children will select more expensive durables if parents contribute more towards its purchase, however this effect is weaker for altruistic children. We test this empirically using unique data collected on motorcycle purchases of university students in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. We confirm the first hypothesis, however we show that altruism does not influence this relationship. Policy implications relate to the effects on household finances, and on possible environmental impacts.
JEL Classification: D10; D11; D12; C26
Identifying Threat Detection Resources on GitHub: Scalable Clustering Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Kern Manuel , Landauer Max , Skopik Florian , Weippl Edgar 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Many businesses rely on open-source software modules to build their technology stacks. However, those who lack domain expertise may struggle to find the right software due to unfamiliar terminology and specific names. As a consequence, search engines and other platforms often cannot be utilized effectively to discover appropriate solutions. There is thus a need for a more applicable approach to assist non-domain experts in navigating the vastness of available repositories, enabling them to efficiently discover and select the right solution for their business needs. To overcome these gaps, we introduce an approach that supports finding unpopular yet important open-source software repositories on GitHub using advanced machine learning techniques. For this purpose, we propose novel strategies for information gathering and data pre-processing that resolve scalability issues of existing solutions and enable clustering of repositories even when topics, descriptions, or repository names are unclear or absent. For our evaluation, we gathered a dataset of 221,971 repositories using GitHub search and keywords related to incident detection. We show that our approach is able to separate threat detection repositories from others with an F1-score of 0.93.