bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Received dose variability after administration of I‐131 for treatment of hyperthyroidism in cats
Authors: Busser Suzanne , Poirier Valerie J. , Liggins Carolyn , Bray Sharyn 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundInjectable radioactive iodine (I‐131) frequently is used to treat hyperthyroidism in cats. In human medicine, residual activity after injection of radionuclides has been reported, and the actual quantity administered is recorded after administration.ObjectiveOur aim was to evaluate actual administered dose variability after administration of preprepared I‐131 single unit doses for the treatment of hyperthyroidism in cats.AnimalsTwenty‐seven cats with hyperthyroidism treated with I‐131 between April 2017 and March 2019.MethodsRetrospective observational study of cats treated with preprepared single unit I‐131 doses. For each dose, the measured activity before administration and residual activity were recorded. The measured dose and the actual dose administered were compared to the prescribed dose.ResultsMeasured activity before administration ranged from 88.4% to 103.3% of the prescribed dose. Mean residual activity was 5.2 ± 3.0 MBq (ranging from 1.5% to 15% of the prescribed dose). The actual dose administered (measured activity − residual activity) ranged from 79.1% to 100.2% of the prescribed dose. Seventeen of 28 (60.7%) of the actual administered doses differed between 10% and 20% of the prescribed dose. One administered dose had a >20% difference compared to the prescribed dose (79.10% of the prescribed dose).Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceOur study identified variability in the residual and actual administered activity of I‐131 as compared to the prescribed dose, which should be taken into consideration when treating cats with (predrawn) I‐131.
Lon protease downregulates phenazine‐1‐carboxamide biosynthesis by degrading the quorum sensing signal synthase PhzI and exhibits negative feedback regulation of Lon itself in Pseudomonas chlororaphis HT66
Authors: Wang Zheng , Huang Xianqing , Jan Malik , Kong Deyu , Wang Wei , Zhang Xuehong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPseudomonas chlororaphis HT66 exhibits strong antagonistic activity against various phytopathogenic fungi due to its main antibiotic phenazine‐1‐carboxamide (PCN). PCN gene cluster consists of phzABCDEFG, phzH, phzI, and phzR operons. phzABCDEFG transcription is activated by the PhzI/R quorum sensing system. Deletion of the lon gene encoding an ATP‐dependent protease resulted in significant enhancement of PCN production in strain HT66. However, the regulatory pathway and mechanism of Lon on PCN biosynthesis remain unknown. Here, lon mutation was shown to significantly improve antimicrobial activity of strain HT66. The N‐acyl‐homoserine lactone synthase PhzI mediates the negative regulation of PCN biosynthesis and phzABCDEFG transcription by Lon. Western blot showed that PhzI protein abundance and stability were significantly enhanced by lon deletion. The in vitro degradation assay suggested that Lon could directly degrade PhzI protein. However, Lon with an amino acid replacement (S674‐A) could not degrade PhzI protein. Lon‐recognized region was located within the first 50 amino acids of PhzI. In addition, Lon formed a new autoregulatory feedback circuit to modulate its own degradation by other potential proteases. In summary, we elucidated the Lon‐regulated pathway mediated by PhzI during PCN biosynthesis and the molecular mechanism underlying the degradation of PhzI by Lon in P. chlororaphis HT66.
Mary Livermore andMy Story of the War: A nurse’s narrative journey
Authors: Choperena Ana 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMary Livermore'sMy Story of the Waris a valuable piece of travel writing written from the point of view of a nurse who documented her unexpected personal and professional journey to administer the Sanitary Commission of the United States Union Army and provide nursing care during the American Civil War. Although Livermore's pre‐war background had not been solely limited to the domestic sphere, her wartime experience involved a public negotiation between the traditional domestic realm assigned to women and new nursing professional functions that emerged during the war. In a context in which the general access of women to public writing was rather limited and in which nursing was not a formally regulated professional activity, Livermore's triumphal narrative reflects the increasing connection between progressively professional nursing functions that emerged in the context of war and a new women's rights leadership forged during her autobiographical journey.
TaPHT1;9‐4B and its transcriptional regulator TaMYB4‐7D contribute to phosphate uptake and plant growth in bread wheat
Authors: Wang Pengfei , Li Gezi , Li Guangwei , Yuan Shasha , Wang Chenyang , Xie Yingxin , Guo Tiancai , Kang Guozhang , Wang Daowen 
Published: June 2021

Summary

Efficient phosphate (Pi) uptake and utilisation are essential for promoting crop yield. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is still poorly understood in complex crop species such as hexaploid wheat. Here we report that TaPHT1;9‐4B and its transcriptional regulator TaMYB4‐7D function in Pi acquisition, translocation and plant growth in bread wheat.

TaPHT1;9‐4B, a high‐affinity Pi transporter highly upregulated in roots by Pi deficiency, was identified using quantitative proteomics. Disruption of TaPHT1;9‐4B function by BSMV‐VIGS or CRISPR editing impaired wheat tolerance to Pi deprivation, whereas transgenic expression of TaPHT1;9‐4B in rice improved Pi uptake and plant growth. Using yeast‐one‐hybrid assay, we isolated TaMYB4‐7D, a R2R3 MYB transcription factor that could activate TaPHT1;9‐4B expression by binding to its promoter. Silencing TaMYB4‐7D decreased TaPHT1;9‐4B expression, Pi uptake and plant growth.

Four promoter haplotypes were identified for TaPHT1;9‐4B, with Hap3 showing significant positive associations with TaPHT1;9‐4B transcript level, growth performance and phosphorus (P) content in wheat plants. A functional marker was therefore developed for tagging Hap3.

Collectively, our data shed new light on the molecular mechanism controlling Pi acquisition and utilisation in bread wheat. TaPHT1;9‐4B and TaMYB4‐7D may aid further research towards the development of P efficient crop cultivars.
An Intraoperative Trajectory‐Determined Strategy of Patient‐Specific Drill Template for C2 Transoral Pedicle Insertion in Incomplete Reduction of Atlantoaxial Dislocation: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Shan Jing , Zhu Mei‐song , Li Lu‐tao , Peng Peng , Dai Min , Lin Li‐jun , Li Jian‐yi 
Published: June 2021

ObjectivesThis study aims to explore a novel intraoperative trajectory‐determined strategy of grouped patient‐specific drill templates (PDTs) for transoral C2 pedicle screw insertion (C2TOPI) for atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD) with incomplete reduction and to evaluate its efficiency and accuracy.MethodsTen cadaveric C2 specimens were scanned by computed tomography (CT) and randomly divided into two groups (the PDT and freehand groups). A novel intraoperative trajectory‐determined strategy of grouped PDTs was created for AAD with incomplete reduction. C2TOPI was performed by use of the PDT technique and the fluoroscopy‐guided freehand technique. After surgery, the screw deviations from the centroid of the cross‐section at the midpoint of the pedicle and screw position grades were assessed in both groups.ResultsCompared to the freehand group, the PDT group had a significantly shorter surgery time than the freehand group (47.7 vs 61.9 min, P < 0.001). The absolute deviations from the centroids between the preoperative designs and postoperative measurements on the axial plane of the pedicle were 1.19 ± 0.25 mm in the PDT group and 1.82 ± 0.51 mm in the freehand group. On the sagittal plane of the pedicle, the corresponding values were 1.10 ± 0.33 mm in the PDT group and 1.70 ± 0.49 mm in the freehand group. The absolute deviations of the free‐hand group on both the axial and sagittal planes were higher than that of the freehand group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.05, respectively). For the grade of screw insertion position, nine (90%) were observed in type I and one (10%) in type II in the PDT group, whereas five (50%) were in type I, three (30%) were in type II, and two (20%) in type III in the freehand group. Statistical differences could not be found between the groups in terms of the screw positions (P > 0.05).ConclusionThe novel intraoperative trajectory‐determined strategy of grouped PDTs can be used as an accurate and feasible method for C2TOPI for AAD with incomplete reduction.
Factors impacting parental and child satisfaction in the perioperative setting
Authors: Mendoza Beverly A. , Fortier Michelle A. , Trinh Lily N. , Schmid Lauren N. , Kain Zeev N. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractUnderstanding the different modifiable and non‐modifiable factors and their positive or negative influence on parental and child satisfaction is essential to providing high‐quality perioperative care. The purpose of this review is to focus on the perioperative environment and to report the various modifiable and non‐modifiable factors that are associated with satisfaction. We found that factors such as quality of clinician‐patient communication, clinician attitudes, teamwork, shared decision‐making, and improved perioperative information were associated with increased parent and child satisfaction. Interventions such as preparation programs integrating role‐play, teaching of coping skills, and family‐centered programs were highly rated by parents and children. Healthcare providers and institutions should consider the above variables when treating children and their parents in the perioperative setting.
The size and the age of the metabolically active carbon in tree roots
Authors: Hilman Boaz , Muhr Jan , Helm Juliane , Kuhlmann Iris , Schulze Ernst‐Detlef , Trumbore Susan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLittle is known about the sources and age of C respired by tree roots. Previous research in stems identified two functional pools of non‐structural carbohydrates (NSC): an “active” pool supplied directly from canopy photo‐assimilates supporting metabolism and a “stored” pool used when fresh C supplies are limited. We compared the C isotope composition of water‐soluble NSC and respired CO2for aspen roots (Populus tremulahybrids) cut off from fresh C supply after stem‐girdling or prolonged incubation of excised roots. We used bomb radiocarbon to estimate the time elapsed since C fixation for respired CO2, water‐soluble NSC and structural α‐cellulose. While freshly excised roots (mostly <2.9 mm in diameter) respired CO2fixed <1 year previously, the age increased to 1.6–2.9 year within a week after root excision. Freshly excised roots from trees girdled ~3 months ago had respiration rates and NSC stocks similar to un‐girdled trees but respired older C (~1.2 year). We estimate that over 3 months NSC in girdled roots must be replaced 5–7 times by reserves remobilized from root‐external sources. Using a mixing model and observed correlations between Δ14C of water‐soluble C and α‐cellulose, we estimate ~30% of C is “active” (~5 mg C g−1).
Establishment of cultured primary acral melanoma cells and animal models for Chinese patients
Authors: Hu Rui , Zhao Shuang , Su Juan , Chen Xiang , Yin Mingzhu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAcral melanoma is the major subtype of melanoma in Chinese patients. However, a majority of current studies focused on non‐acral melanoma. Most immortalized melanoma cell lines and primary cells were not from acral melanoma. Besides, there are rarely reports about methods for establishing primary acral melanoma cell cultures and related animal models. Here, we present four new human primary acral melanoma cell lines. To determine the mutational profile of the established primary melanoma cells for future targeted use, we performed exome sequencing. We next examined cell proliferation of the primary acral melanoma cells by colony‐formation assays and CCK8 assay. We also evaluated the proliferative and metastatic potential of XYAM‐4 in vivo. We report a detailed protocol for establishing cultured primary acral melanoma cells for Chinese patients and related animal models. We also summarize the features in our acral melanoma cell lines and the existing acral melanoma cell lines. This will provide an effective research tool for research on drug responses and individualized treatment for Chinese patients and comparative studies of melanomas between western and Chinese populations.
Mixed-Frequency Bayesian Predictive Synthesis for Economic Nowcasting
Authors: McAlinn Kenichiro 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe develop a novel framework for dynamic modelling of mixed-frequency data using Bayesian predictive synthesis. The proposed framework—unlike other mixed-frequency methods—considers data reported at different frequencies as latent factors, in the form of predictive distributions, which are dynamically synthesized and updated to produce coherent forecast distributions. Time-varying biases and interdependencies between data reported at different frequencies are learnt and effectively mapped onto easily interpretable parameters with associated uncertainty. Furthermore, the proposed framework allows for flexible methodological specifications based on policy goals and utility. A macroeconomic study of nowcasting two decades of quarterly US GDP using monthly macroeconomic and financial indicators is presented. In terms of both point and density forecasts, our proposed method significantly outperforms competing methods throughout the quarter, and is competitive with the aggregate Survey of Professional Forecasters. The study further shows that incorporating information during a quarter, and sequentially updating information throughout, markedly improves the performance, while providing timely insights that are useful for decision-making.
Self‐Motion and Cognition: Plato's Theory of the Soul
Authors: Campbell Douglas R. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractI argue that Plato believes that the soul must be both the principle of motion and the subject of cognition because it moves things specifically by means of its thoughts. I begin by arguing that the soul moves things by means of such acts as examination and deliberation and that this view is developed in response to Anaxagoras. I then argue that every kind of soul enjoys a kind of cognition, with even plant souls having a form of Aristotelian discrimination (krisis), and that there is therefore no completely unintelligent, evil soul in the cosmos that can explain disorderly motions; as a result, the soul is not the principle of all motion but only motion in the cosmos after it has been ordered by the Demiurge.
Don’t miss the forest for the trees: New recommendations for exploiting guilt and shame in self‐control conflicts
Authors: Li Ying , Jia Lile 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGuilt and shame, two negative self‐conscious emotions, have drawn theoretical and empirical attention in studying self‐control. Although a functionalist view suggests that their reparative tendencies would help combat self‐control failures, the evidence is equivocal. In this review, we begin with a systematic analysis of how the context of self‐control conflicts allows mood management to dominate reparative control as the primary means of regulating guilt and shame and, subsequently, sours the potential benefits of mood management. Then, inspired by the emerging literature of strategic indulgence and a multilevel perspective on self‐control, we propose that people should adopt a tolerant view of indulgence at the behavioral level while channeling the reparative tendencies of guilt and shame at the strategy (behavioral plans) and the system (goal balance) levels. When appraising and regulating self‐control, thus, focusing on the forest rather than the trees may help capitalize on the benefits of guilt and shame.
Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis Provides No Evidence of Intervention Response Variation in Individuals Supplementing With Beta-Alanine
Authors: Esteves Gabriel Perri , Swinton Paul , Sale Craig , James Ruth M. , Artioli Guilherme Giannini , Roschel Hamilton , Gualano Bruno , Saunders Bryan , Dolan Eimear 
Published: June 2021

Currently, little is known about the extent of interindividual variability in response to beta-alanine (BA) supplementation, nor what proportion of said variability can be attributed to external factors or to the intervention itself (intervention response). To investigate this, individual participant data on the effect of BA supplementation on a high-intensity cycling capacity test (CCT110%) were meta-analyzed. Changes in time to exhaustion (TTE) and muscle carnosine were the primary and secondary outcomes. Multilevel distributional Bayesian models were used to estimate the mean and SD of BA and placebo group change scores. The relative sizes of group SDs were used to infer whether observed variation in change scores were due to intervention or non-intervention-related effects. Six eligible studies were identified, and individual data were obtained from four of these. Analyses showed a group effect of BA supplementation on TTE (7.7, 95% credible interval [CrI] [1.3, 14.3] s) and muscle carnosine (18.1, 95% CrI [14.5, 21.9] mmol/kg DM). A large intervention response variation was identified for muscle carnosine (σIR = 5.8, 95% CrI [4.2, 7.4] mmol/kg DM) while equivalent change score SDs were shown for TTE in both the placebo (16.1, 95% CrI [13.0, 21.3] s) and BA (15.9, 95% CrI [13.0, 20.0] s) conditions, with the probability that SD was greater in placebo being 0.64. In conclusion, the similarity in observed change score SDs between groups for TTE indicates the source of variation is common to both groups, and therefore unrelated to the supplement itself, likely originating instead from external factors such as nutritional intake, sleep patterns, or training status.
MicroRNAs in Cancer: From Gene Expression Regulation to the Metastatic Niche Reprogramming
Authors: Semina Ekaterina V. , Rysenkova Karina D. , Troyanovskiy Konstantin E. , Shmakova Anna A. , Rubina Kseniya A. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
By 2003, the Human Genome project had been completed; however, it turned out that 97% of genome sequences did not encode proteins. The explanation came later when it was found the untranslated DNA contain sequences for short microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs that did not produce any mRNAs or tRNAs, but instead were involved in the regulation of gene expression. Initially identified in the cytoplasm, miRNAs have been found in all cell compartments, where their functions are not limited to the degradation of target mRNAs. miRNAs that are secreted into the extracellular space as components of exosomes or as complexes with proteins, participate in morphogenesis, regeneration, oncogenesis, metastasis, and chemoresistance of tumor cells. miRNAs play a dual role in oncogenesis: on one hand, they act as oncogene suppressors; on the other hand, they function as oncogenes themselves and inactivate oncosuppressors, stimulate tumor neoangiogenesis, and mediate immunosuppressive processes in the tumors, The review presents current concepts of the miRNA biogenesis and their functions in the cytoplasm and nucleus with special focus on the noncanonical mechanisms of gene regulation by miRNAs and involvement of miRNAs in oncogenesis, as well as the authors’ opinion on the role of miRNAs in metastasis and formation of the premetastatic niche.
Biharmonic Attractors of Internal Gravity Waves
Authors: Ryazanov D. A. , Providukhina M. I. , Sibgatullin I. N. , Ermanyuk E. V. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract—The hydrodynamic system that admits the development of internal wave attractors under biharmonic forcing is investigated. It is shown that in the case of low amplitude of external forcing the wave pattern consists of two attractors that interact between themselves only slightly: the total energy of the system is equal to the sum of energies of the components with high accuracy. In the nonlinear case the attractors interact in the more complex way which leads to the development of a cascade of triad interactions generating a rich set of time scales. In the case of closely adjacent frequencies of the components of a biharmonic perturbation, the nonlinear “beating” regime develops, namely, the mean energy of the system of coupled attractors performs oscillations at a large time scale that corresponds to the beating period. It is found that the high-frequency energy fluctuations corresponding to the same mean energy can differ by an order of magnitude depending on whether the envelope of the mean value increases or decreases.
Postoperative endophthalmitis with and without intracameral moxifloxacin prophylaxis in a high volume surgery setting
Authors: Bhatta Subash , Pant Nayana , Poudel Manish 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveThis study was conducted to understand the effects of intracameral moxifloxacin in decreasing the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract surgery in an eye hospital with a high volume surgical load.Methods and analysisIn this single-centre, retrospective, clinical registry-based study, we compared the rates of postoperative endophthalmitis in 31 340 cataract surgery patients operated during 22 months after June 2018 who received intracameral moxifloxacin to 80 643 patients operated during 41 months before June 2018 who did not receive intracameral moxifloxacin. All patients received subconjunctival gentamycin and dexamethasone. Combined surgical procedures were excluded from the study.ResultsThere was a significant reduction (p<0.001) of postoperative endophthalmitis rates in cataract surgeries from 0.144% (116/80 643) to 0.025% (8/31 340) after initiation of intracameral moxifloxacin. Endophthalmitis rates decreased from 0.120% (12/9942) to 0.009% (1/10 787) in phacoemulsification group and from 0.147% (104/70 701) to 0.034% (7/20 553) in manual small-incision cataract surgeries. Gram-positive organisms including Coagulase-negative staphylococci (37.9%, n=11) andStaphylococcus aureus(S. aureus34.5%, n=10) were the most common organisms isolated out of 29 culture-positive cases. 24.1% (28/116) endophthalmitis cases in group without moxifloxacin were culture positive compared with 14.3% (1/7) of cases in moxifloxacin group. 72% (n=8) of the Coagulase-negative staphylococci and 80% ofS.aureusisolates (n=8) showed in vitro sensitivity to moxifloxacin.ConclusionProphylactic use of intracameral moxifloxacin injection in addition to subconjunctival gentamycin in cataract surgery is associated with a significant decrease in rates of postoperative endophthalmitis when compared with the use of subconjunctival gentamycin alone in high volume settings.