bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hair Loss in Foreign Medical Students and Alter its Intensity during the Covid-19 Pandemic in Georgia
Authors: Korrapati Naga Harika , Bhowmik Priyanka 
Published: March 2021

The current millennial and generation Z are known to experience more stress than any generation before them. A fraction of individuals belonging to these generations is current foreign medical students, where medicine is known to be one of the stressful courses one can study. When this extreme stress is meet with genetic predisposition, nutritional deficiencies, internal diseases, and inappropriate hair care practices hair loss can be quite aggressive. An online survey consisting of 15 questions was conducted to find if these factors contribute to foreign medical students experiencing hair loss at a very young age and if the current chaotic environment of the covid-19 pandemic has accelerated hair loss. 81.7 %( n=156) foreign medical students belonging to ages 17 to 25 years started to experience hair loss (p= 0.0127), where stress (54.5 %( n=85)), nutritional deficiencies and internal conditions (37.5 %( n=58)) have been responded to be contributing factors for their condition. Interestingly, 54.5 %( n=85) students are experiencing hair loss after moving to Georgia (p=0.04). Despite all the acknowledgment of cause for their conditions, 92.3 %( n=144) of foreign medical students have responded to not undergo any treatments to manage and control hair loss. Additionally, 33.3 %( n=52) of students stated that they have noticed more progression in hair loss during this pandemic. If these students continue to ignore undergoing treatments then they might experience more progression in hair loss.
Issues and Challenges in Implementing Industry 4.0 for the Manufacturing Sector in Indonesia
Authors: Broto Legowo Mercurius , Indiarto Budi 
Published: March 2021

Industry 4.0 is a popular topic today because of its significant influence in the manufacturing sector. Issues and Challenges in implementing Industry 4.0 for the Manufacturing Sector in Indonesia examined in this study. The problem will be considered the 4.0 industrial revolution is related to the issues and challenges facing the manufacturing industry in Indonesia. The main purpose of this research is to conduct an empirical analysis of the effect of issues to challenges the implementation of Industry 4.0 for manufacturing sectors in Indonesia. The research method in this study uses a quantitative approach. The data were collected and analyzed statistically using smartPLS software. The main results of this study state that the issues in implementing Industry 4.0 have a positive and significant impact on the challenges of the manufacturing sector in Indonesia. This study results also revealed that the most dominant issues in implementing Industry 4.0 are high investment costs. On the other hand, financial constraints are the biggest challenges in implementing industry 4.0. Finally, the benefit of this research will be to encourage the manufacturing sectors in its consideration to implement industry 4.0.
Penyelenggaraan Pendidikan Kristen Sebagai Pemenuhan Hak Asasi Manusia
Authors: Awulle Clartje Silvia E. 
Published: March 2021

This paper examines the organization of Christian education by the Theological College in the context of the fulfillment of human rights in the field of education. The writing of this paper uses qualitative discription methods and literature studies. In the context of human rights, the right to education is categorized as a positive right (positive right) because to realize these rights, it really requires an active role of the state so that the formulation of the right to education uses the term right to (right to) meaning that every citizen has the right to proper education as a basic human right that must be protected and fulfilled by the state with the aim that humans are protected their dignity, welfare and continuity of life. Having the opportunity to attend Christian education is a basic right of every Indonesian citizen who is a Christian who must be protected, guaranteed and fulfilled by the state. In the end all Christian citizens have the same opportunity to enjoy Christian higher education as a national education sub-system without discrimination.

Abstrak
Makalah ini mengkaji mengenai penyelenggaraan pendidikan kristen oleh Sekolah Tinggi Theologi dalam konteks pemenuhan hak asasi manusia (HAM) di bidang pendidikan. Penulisan makalah ini menggunakan metode qualitative discription dan studi literatur. Dalam konteks HAM, hak atas pendidikan dikategorikan sebagai hak positif (positive right) karena untuk merealisasikan hak-hak tersebut, sangat membutuhkan peran aktif negara sehingga rumusan hak atas pendidikan menggunakan istilah right to (berhak atas) artinya setiap warga negara berhak atas pendidikan yang layak sebagai hak dasar manusia yang harus dilindungi dan dipenuhi oleh negara dengan tujuan agar manusia terlindungi martabat, kesejahteraannya dan kelanjutan kehidupannya. Memperoleh kesempatan untuk mengikuti pendidikan kristen adalah hak dasar setiap warga negara Indonesia yang beragama kristen yang wajib dilindungi, dijamin dan dipenuhi oleh negara. Pada akhirnya semua warga negara Kristen memiliki kesempatan yang sama untuk menikmati pendidikan tinggi kristen sebagai sub sistem pendidikan nasional tanpa diskriminasi.
IMPLICATIONS OF MACRO-ECONOMIC VARIABLES FOR NATIONAL FOOD SECURITY IN NIGERIA
Authors: Osuji E. E. , Tim-Ashama A. , Okwara M. O. , Effiong J. A. L. , Anyanwu U. G. 
Published: March 2021

In recent time, the impact of macro-economic variables on agriculture has become an issue of concern in terms of securing adequate food supply for the populace. This study evaluated the implications of macro-economic variables for national food security in Nigeria. This study made use of time series data sourced from the publications of Central Bank of Nigeria Annual Reports, Statistical Bulletins and the National Bureau of Statistics spanning from 1995 to 2015. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) co-integration test with Error Correction Model (ECM) was adopted to substantiate the implications of these macro-economic variables. The results of the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test showed that Food security, Interest rate, Exchange rate, Net export and Government expenditures were non stationary at their respective level forms and became stationary at first difference. While Inflation and Money supply were found to be stationary at level form. ARDL bounds test for co-integration confirms the existence of long run relationship between the variables. The results of long run and short run relationships shows that Interest rate, Inflation, Government expenditures and Money supply were both significant at 5% and 1% levels indicating that these variables had a significant impact on food security. The estimated error correction coefficient of -0.7996 is highly significant, has the correct sign, and implies a fairly high speed of adjustment to equilibrium after a shock. However, these findings recommend farmers in Nigeria to take good advantage of the linkages between macroeconomic variables and agricultural productivity, as this useful information can assist them to boost their land productivity, hence increased food security at all times.
Osuji, E. E. | Department of Agricultural Economics, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike (MOUAU), Abia State, Nigeria
HAEMATOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS INFECTED WITH PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA AND ADMINISTERED BDELLOVIBRIO BACTERIOVORUS (ATCC™ 1534) AS THERAPY
Authors: Sar T. T. , Umeh U. E. , Amali O. 
Published: March 2021

The effects on haematological parameters of Sprague-Dawley rats infected (challenged) by the injection of pathogenic Pasteurella multocida and the administration of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus (ATCC™ 1534) as therapy, occasioned by the consideration of its use as an alternative to antibiotics, due to the high rate of bacterial resistance to current clinically used antibiotics was investigated. A total of 60 rats, divided into 5 groups (4 experimental groups and 1 control group) of 12 rats each were used in this study. The first group of 12 rats were injected subcutaneously with one millilitre of 1 x 108/ml B. bacteriovorus (ATCC™ 1534). The second group of 12 rats were injected with one millilitre 108/ml of P. multocida in saline. One millilitre each of 108/ml of both P. multocida and B. bacteriovorus (ATCC™ 1534) were injected into another set of 12 rats in the third group. The third group of 12 rats were injected once intra-muscularly, in the hind flank muscle, with 2 mg/kg of Ketamine Hydrochloride. And lastly, one set of 12 rats were not injected with any bacteria served as control. In all cases, observed haematological data were analysed from the experimental rats after 168 hours (except rats which were injected with 2mg/kg ketamine hydrochloride, used as anaesthetic, (at sacrifice), and compared with the haematological profiles of the 12 control rats. Results shows a reduction of mortality from 9 to 1 (88.8%) of rats challenged with P. multocida over those inoculated with B. bacteriovorus and P. multocida was observed. WBC counts were higher (4.12 x 103/µL) in B. bacteriovorus and P. multocida over WBC counts in control rats which served as WBC reference values. Though, not statistically significant (ANOVA = p >0.05). In a similar comparison, RBC counts (6.5 x 103/µL) were lower than observed in control rats, while platelet counts (1138 x 103/µL) were higher than values in controls, however, this was statistically significant. Moreover, haemoglobin concentrations were lower (11.7 g/dL) than in control rats. Though there were slight variations in haematological profiles from reference values, it was concluded that B. bacteriovorus seems to have no life-threatening effect on haematology of rats. However, evaluations such as observed platelet increases on inoculations of B. bacteriovorus, need to be addressed before the promise of its in vivo use in controlling Gram-negative infection in animals and humans can be tapped.
Sar, T. T. | Department of Biological Sciences, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria
ACUTE TOXICITY OF WATER SOLUBLE, INSOLUBLE AND WHOLE CRUDE FRACTIONS (BONNY LIGHT) ON THE EARLY LIFE STAGES OF HOPLOBATRACHUS OCCIPITALIS (CROWNED BULL FROG) IN CALABAR, NIGERIA
Authors: Mowang A. D , Naku U. J. , Ndome B. C. , Ayim M. E. 
Published: March 2021

This study examined the effect of different concentrations of bonny light crude oil on the development and growth of the tadpoles of the crowned bullfrogs. After series of range finding tests (RFT) the tadpoles of H. occipitalis were exposed to acute and sub-lethal log concentrations of 0.00 ppm, 1.00 ppm, 1.30 ppm, 1.48 ppm, 1.60 ppm, 1.65 ppm and1.69 ppm of different fractions of bonny light crude for 96 hours. The various fractions of crude recorded no significant differences in mortalities (P > 0.05) for three- and four-weeks old tadpoles. The mortalities increased with increase in concentration of toxicants. The tadpoles recorded 75% mortalities in Water Soluble Fraction (WSF), 65 % mortalities in Water Insoluble Fraction (WIF) and 70 % and 75 % mortalities respectively in Whole Crude (WC). The WSF of crude showed the lowest LC50’s in the tadpoles ranging from 1.51 ± 0.17 ppm with (lower limit 1.45 and upper limit 1.55) to 1.61 ± 0.37 ppm with (lower limit 1.58 and upper limit 1.65). WIF showed the highest LC50’s in the tadpoles ranging from 1.62 ± 0.42 with (lower limit 1.59 and upper limit 1.66) to 1.69 ± 0.41ppm with (lower limit 1.55 and upper limit 1.62). The WC showed an LC50’s range of 1.60 ± 0.37 ppm with (lower limit 1.56 and upper limit 1.64) to 1.63 ± 0.32 ppm with (lower limit 1.59 and upper limit 1.66). Results shows that increased toxicity produced higher mortalities in tadpoles of H. occipitalis (an endangered species). This study therefore advocates that Oil companies should adhere to the current WHO / FEPA regulatory limits of 0.2 mg/l to 14.0 mg/l for C5 – C22 hydrocarbons to ensure the survival of its vital ecological niche.
Mowang, A. D. | Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Calabar, Nigeria.
SEX EDUCATION IN NIGERIA: ATTITUDE OF SECONDARY SCHOOL ADOLESCENTS AND THE ROLE OF PARENTS AND STAKEHOLDERS
Authors: Musa A. 
Published: March 2021

This study investigated the level of awareness of sex education among secondary school adolescents in Niger state, to assess the level of the already initiated comprehensive sex education program by the federal ministry of health. The study utilizes an empirical survey design. In order to obtain data for the research, stratified random and judgmental sampling technique were adopted. The instrument used to elicit information from the respondents was a well-structured questionnaire. Result from the study shows that it is important to impact knowledge about sex and sexuality to adolescents. As, many of the respondents show positive attitude towards sex education (65%), they knew its effectiveness (54%) and consequence of risk behaviors (86%) but lacked appropriate knowledge (42%). Based on these findings, it is therefore imperative that adolescents need more sex education at all levels with full parental participation.
Musa, A. | Department of Clinical Nursing. Sir Muhammad Sanusi Specialist Hospital (SMSSH), Kano, Kano State, Nigeria
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE FAILURE OF FLAME RETARDANT BASED COMPOSITE LAMINATES UNDER MECHANICAL LOADING
Authors: Suoware T. O. , Edelugo S. O , Amgbari C. O. , Sorgbara F. L. 
Published: March 2021

Composite laminates have distinct interface comprising reinforcements from both synthetic or natural sources and polymers which make them favourable in the world of composites due to the intrinsic benefits they possess. Composite laminates from natural sources have shown to be highly susceptible to flame and have been improved by the addition of flame retardants (FR) during processing. The effect of the FR on the mechanical behaviour of these composite laminates is quite unclear and has not been given the in-depth attention. In this paper, the effect of FR of two set of composite laminates on mechanical failure was assessed. The two set of composite laminates comprising oil palm fibre composite (OPFC) and wood sawdust composite (WSC) were processed with polyester resin and six (6) FR using hand-lay compression moulding. The FRs were derived from aluminium tri-hydroxide (ATH), ammonium polyphosphate (APP), gum Arabic powder (GAP) and carbon black (CB) at 12%, 15% and 18% loading ratios. Specimen cut from the composite laminates were tested for failure under tensile and flexural loading using the universal testing machine (UTM). The results obtained shows that the addition of 15%APP-GAP/CB in WSC and 12%APP-GAP in WSC exhibited an outstanding performance in improving tensile and flexural strength of the composite laminates by 154% (from 9.67MPa to 24.56MPa) and 103.4% (from 42.14MPa to 85.7MPa) respectively compared to those without FR while the FR in OPFC did not show any significant improvements. It can be concluded that FR with particulate reinforcement could improve the mechanical behaviour of composite laminates as a suitable reinforcement.
Suoware, T. O. | Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Ekowe, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Entanglement and Ecstasy in Dance, Music, and Philosophy: A Reply to Carrie Noland, Nancy S. Struever, and Thomas Rickert
Authors: Noë Alva 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Dance and music serve in this essay to exemplify both the looping entanglement of art and life as well as the account of art and philosophy developed in Strange Tools. This essay replies to criticisms of Carrie Noland, Nancy S. Struever, and Thomas Rickert and also offers a briefer restatement of the general approach.
FATORES ASSOCIADOS À MULTIMORBIDADE DE IDOSOS INTERNADOS EM UM HOSPITAL DE ENSINO DO PARANÁ
Authors: Licoviski Pamela Tainá , Gonçalves Dreli , Blanski Grden Cloris Regina , Andreani Cabral Luciane Patrícia , Lopes Lima Melina , Bordin Danielle 
Published: March 2021

Introdução: O envelhecimento ocasiona diversas alterações ao corpo humano, gerando vulnerabilidade, como diminuição da capacidade funcional e incidência de doenças, como as crônicas não transmissíveis. Objetivo: Analisar prevalência e os fatores associados à multimorbidade de idosos internados em um hospital de ensino, segundo características sociodemográficas, estilo de vida e utilização de serviços na rede de atenção à saúde. Métodos: É um estudo transversal, qualitativo, analítico. A amostra foi composta por 144 idosos, que foram internados em um hospital universitário paranaense. Os dados foram coletados 30 dias pós alta hospitalar, via telefone. A variável dependente foi ocorrência de multimorbidade e as independentes características sociodemográficas, estilo de vida e utilização de serviços de saúde hospitalares. Realizou-se análise de regressão logística. Resultados: Verificou-se que 55% dos idosos investigados apresentaram multimorbidade. Apresentaram maiores chances de dispor de multimorbidades idosos com baixa escolaridade (OR=16,29), de cor não branca (OR=2,34), que ficaram internados por um período de 4 a 7 dias (OR=6,91) e mais de 7 dias (OR=3,03), que necessitaram de consulta de retorno pós alta hospitalar (OR=18,99) e que, no domicílio, precisaram de ajuda de alguém para seguir as recomendações médicas (OR=3,16). Conclusão: Identificou alta prevalência de multimorbidade e importantes fatores associados a multimorbidades em idosos internados, com destaque para escolaridade; cor; tempo de internação; agendamento de retorno ao hospital no pós alta e necessidade de ajuda de alguém (familiar/cuidador), no pós alta. É fundamental a atenção com idosos internados visando sua independência funcional para que possam prevenir o aparecimento de novos agravos em saúde.
COMPORTAMENTO DA HABILIDADE FUNCIONAL EM LONGEVOS 4 ANOS ANTES E DURANTE A COVID-19: ESTUDO AMPAL
Authors: De Paula Rocha Josemara , Pereira Grigol Marlon Cássio , Luiz Fortes Álvaro , Tiecker Ana Paula , Breda Martins Renata , Maura Rubert Viviane , Gonçalves Bós Ângelo José 
Published: March 2021

Introdução: A habilidade funcional (HF) é a interação entre a capacidade intrínseca e o ambiente. Pouco se sabe sobre o declínio da HF em nonagenários e centenários e o seu efeito durante a COVID-19. Objetivo: Investigar mudança na HF decorrentes do isolamento social. Métodos: Estudo longitudinal e observacional. Nonagenários e centenários do estudo Atenção Multiprofissional ao Longevo foram avaliados em 4 momentos: visita domiciliar em 2016, 2017 e 2018 e não-presencial entre abril e agosto de 2020. Avaliando a HF: facilidade de realizar 5 atividades cotidianas em quatro níveis: 3=fácil, 2=±fácil, 1=difícil e 0=não consegue, totalizando entre 15 e zero pontos. Em 2020, a HF foi questionada quanto a condição na entrevista e antes de 15/03/2020. As médias das HF foram comparadas entre as avaliações. Resultados: Dos 31 participantes 74% eram mulheres e média etária de 93±3,4 anos. As médias do escore em 2016 foi 12,8±2,3, 2017, 11,7±4,6, 2018, 11,6±4,1, e 10,4±3,9 antes de 15/03, e 10,8±2,9 pontos no momento atual. Observaram-se diferentes comportamentos funcionais: a maioria dos longevos se manteve estável (menor declínio) durante os anos de acompanhamento. Participantes com menor pontuação apresentaram maior declínio em relação aos com maior HF inicial. Conclusão: Observamos pouca alteração no comportamento da HF nos 5 primeiros meses de quarentena. A perda da HF ao longo dos anos, permitiu observar diferentes padrões de comportamento relacionados ao estilo de vida e controle clínico das multimorbidades.
RESPONSABILIDADE FILIAL NO CUIDADO AOS PAIS IDOSOS E A SOBRECARGA DOS CUIDADORES
Authors: Cargnin Laísa , Murari Marília Bruna , Sponchiado Laura Franco , Aires Marines 
Published: March 2021

Introdução: A responsabilidade filial é uma norma social relacionada ao comportamento dos filhos no cuidado aos pais idosos que pode influenciar na saúde do cuidador levando ao aumento da sobrecarga. Objetivo: Analisar a responsabilidade filial no cuidado aos pais idosos e a repercussão deste cuidado no bem-estar dos filhos. Métodos: Estudo misto com amostra de 100 filhos cuidadores de idosos da Região Noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul. Para a coleta de dados é utilizado o protocolo de Responsabilidade filial adaptado e validado para uso no Brasil, composto por questões abertas e fechadas e sete escalas. O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética (n° 1.997.406). Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 86 filhos sendo que (61,6%) são filhas com média de idade 45,41±10,767 anos, a média dos anos de estudo foi de 10,83±5,296 ano e 58,1% possuía emprego formal. A sobrecarga do cuidador foi maior no domínio tempo dependente (9,32 ± 6,592). As atitudes de responsabilidade filial avaliadas pelas Escalas de Expectativa Filial e Dever Filial apresentaram respectivamente uma média de 22,8 ± 3,8 e 29,2 ± 2,4. A etapa qualitativa elaborou-se quatro categorias: possibilidade de institucionalização dos pais idosos, expectativa de cuidado, dificuldades em ser filho cuidador e sentimentos de responsabilidade filial. Conclusão: Os resultados demonstram, que os filhos sentem responsáveis pelo cuidado aos pais, porém cuidar do idoso em tempo integral pode acarretar prejuízos na saúde do cuidador levando a uma maior sobrecarga.
A PRODUÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO EM SERVIÇO SOCIAL E ENVELHECIMENTO: teses de 1995 a 2019
Authors: Carlos Sergio Antonio 
Published: March 2021

Introdução. A divulgação e a disseminação de estudos tanto na área do Serviço Social quanto na do envelhecimento tem crescido nos últimos anos no Brasil, incluindo teses e dissertações. Os assistentes sociais sempre estiveram à frente de ações relacionadas ao envelhecimento. Qual a produção dos mesmos sobre esta temática? Este estudo é parte de uma pesquisa maior sobre serviço social e envelhecimento no Brasil. Objetivo. Mapear a produção brasileira de teses e dissertações sobre serviço social e envelhecimento produzidas por assistentes sociais brasileiros(as). Métodos. A localização das teses foi feita através do Banco de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES e na Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações do IBICT utilizando os termos: velhice, longevidade, terceira idade, idoso, gerontologia e envelhecimento. Foram excluídas as teses duplicadas, as que não abordavam o envelhecimento humano e as não produzidas por assistentes sociais. O corpus foi composto por 59 teses das 2.116 inicialmente localizadas. A análise foi descritiva a partir dos dados de identificação. Resultados. As teses foram defendidas entre 1995 e 2019 em 24 PPGs, sendo 67,80% da área de SS da CAPES. Os estados com maior produção foram São Paulo (PUCSP 20,39%) e Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS 18,64%). A maior produção foi nos últimos sete anos. A orientação foi realizada por 42 professores, dos quais 23 com graduação em Serviço Social. Conclusão. A produção está aumentando nos últimos anos. Há uma diversidade de áreas de conhecimento onde foram produzidas as teses bem como dos orientadores.