bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cdc25B is transcriptionally inhibited by IER5 through the NF-YB transcription factor in irradiation-treated HeLa cells
Authors: Ding Lixin , Zhao Xianzhe , Xiong Qiang , Jiang Xiaoyan , Liu Xiaodan , Ding Kuke , Zhou Pingkun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is a type of pelvic malignant tumor that severely threatens women's health. Current evidence suggests that IER5, as a potential radiosensitizer, promotes irradiation-induced apoptosis in CC tissues in patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy. IER5 has been shown to be involved in the G2/M-phase transition. In the present study, we used Cdc25B as the breakthrough point to explore the underlying mechanism of IER5 in the cell cycle regulation of radiation-damaged HeLa cells. IER5 was evidently upregulated after irradiation, but Cdc25B was significantly downregulated. In monoclonal IER5-silenced HeLa cells, irradiation-induced downregulation of Cdc25B was attenuated. The effect of irradiation on Cdc25B promoter activity was determined by dual-luciferase reporter assays. The response elements on the Cdc25B promoter related to irradiation were predicted by JASPAR. These conserved sequences were mutated individually or in combination by splicing-by-overlap extension PCR, and their function was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assays. The enrichment efficiency of transcription factors after irradiation was determined by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay. Both Sp1/Sp3 and NF-YB binding sites were involved in irradiation-mediated regulation of Cdc25B. IER5 was involved in irradiation-mediated regulation of Cdc25B through the NF-YB binding site. Furthermore, ChIP assays showed that IER5 bound to the Cdc25B promoter, and the binding of IER5 to the Cdc25B promoter region in irradiation-induced HeLa cells induced the release of the coactivator p300 through interaction with NF-YB. Taken together, these findings indicate that IER5 is the transcriptional repressor that accelerates the downregulation of Cdc25B expression after irradiation.
A misinterpreted disjunction: the phylogenetic relationships of the North African land snail Gyrostomella (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Helicidae)
Authors: Neiber Marco T , Korábek Ondřej , Glaubrecht Matthias , Hausdorf Bernhard 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The North African helicid Gyrostomella has been considered closely related to Levantina, suggesting a disjunct distribution with a distribution gap of almost 2000 km in North Africa. We studied this disjunction and the systematics of Helicinae using molecular markers. Our analyses indicate an affiliation of Gyrostomella with the radiation of Helicinae in the Maghreb, especially with Maurohelix. The occurrence of Gyrostomella in Libya does not represent a western outpost of Helicini in North Africa, but an eastern outpost of the Maghreb radiation of Helicinae. The disjunction of Gyrostomella in Libya and Maurohelix in Algeria may be the result of a long-distance dispersal or may represent relicts of a larger range of the lineage in the past as a consequence of aridification processes in North Africa. Taking into account biogeographic patterns, we suggest a subdivision of Helicinae into four tribes: Allognathini, Helicini, Maculariini trib. nov. and Thebini. The Eastern Mediterranean Helicini diverged from the Western Mediterranean clade in the Eocene. The Western Mediterranean clade then split into Allognathini in the Iberian Peninsula, Maculariini in the region of the future western Alps and Thebini on terranes probably including the Rif-Betic and Kabylies blocks that now form part of the Maghreb region.
Best Clinical Practices with ATX-101 for Submental Fat Reduction: Patient-related Factors and Physician Considerations
Authors: Teller Craig F. , Chiu Annie , Chesnut Cameron D. , Sherman Deborah , Raul Montes José , Gaspard Sara , Keaney Terrence , Sadick Neil S. , Yoelin Steve , Sangha Sara , Shridharani Sachin M. 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Submental fat can be reduced with ATX-101 (deoxycholic acid injection), a customizable and minimally invasive alternative to liposuction. In the years since its approval, the treatment patterns of ATX-101 have evolved.

Methods:
A panel of experienced physicians from the United States gathered to generate best practices for the use of ATX-101 in submental contouring.

Results:
The expert panel provided their insights on appropriate patient selection, managing patient expectations of ATX-101 treatment outcomes, and adverse events, and guidance on ATX-101 administration for optimal outcomes are presented here.

Conclusion:
These best clinical practices on the use of ATX-101 for the reduction of submental fat should enable physicians to enhance the patient treatment experience and outcomes.
How to Get Consistently Good Results in Cleft Lip Repair
Authors: Kamel George N. , Segal Rachel M. , Tsai Catherine , Kordahi Anthony , Gosman Amanda A. 
Published: July 2021

Summary:
This article serves as a practical guide for plastic surgeons focusing on repair of primary cleft lip and nasal deformity. We discuss the key anatomic disruption present in cleft lip and nasal deformity and the goals of primary repair. In addition, our preferred surgical technique for unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and nasal deformity is summarized along with technical pearls and pitfalls.
Combined Sequential Bilateral Hypoglossal-to-facial and Masseter-to-facial Transfers for Bilateral Facial Paralysis
Authors: Morales-Puebla Jose M. , González-Otero Teresa , Moraleda Susana , Santiago Susana , Gavilán Javier , Lassaletta Luis 
Published: July 2021

Summary:
Bilateral facial paralysis is a challenging situation requiring complex management. Surgical treatment can include nerve transfers, mainly masseter-to-facial, or muscle transfers, gracilis free flap, or temporalis transposition. Deciding on the surgical option depends on the duration of the paralysis and the feasibility of facial muscles. We present the case of a 10-year-old child with permanent bilateral facial paralysis after brainstem tumor surgery. The patient was treated with bilateral simultaneous hypoglossal-to-facial transfer followed by bilateral simultaneous masseter-to-facial 12 months later. After 23 months of follow-up and specific physical therapy, she has good and symmetric resting tone, complete eye closure, moderate bilateral smile excursion, mild lip pucker movement, and good oral competence. The combination of these two nerve transfers, when possible, gives the opportunity of restoring movement taking the best of each technique, with acceptable results and no significant clinical deficits in the donor sites.
Performance of RT-PCR on Saliva Specimens Compared With Nasopharyngeal Swabs for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Children
Authors: Fougère Yves , Schwob Jean Marc , Miauton Alix , Hoegger Francesca , Opota Onya , Jaton Katia , Brouillet Rene , Greub Gilbert , Genton Blaise , Gehri Mario , Taddeo Ilaria , D’Acremont Valérie , Asner Sandra A. 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Saliva reverse transcriptase-Polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is an attractive alternative for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in adults with less known in children.

Methods:
Children with coronavirus disease 2019 symptoms were prospectively enrolled in a 1-month comparative clinical trial of saliva and nasopharyngeal (NP) RT-PCR. Detection rates and sensitivities of saliva and NP RT-PCR were compared as well as discordant NP and saliva RT-PCR findings including viral loads (VLs).

Results:
Of 405 patients enrolled, 397 patients had 2 tests performed. Mean age was 12.7 years (range, 1.2–17.9). Sensitivity of saliva was 85.2% (95% confidence interval: 78.2%–92.1%) when using NP as the standard; sensitivity of NP was 94.5% (89.8%–99.2%) when saliva was considered as the standard. For a NP RT-PCR VL threshold of ≥103 and ≥104 copies/mL, sensitivity of saliva increases to 88.7% and 95.2%, respectively. Sensitivity of saliva and NP swabs was, respectively, 89.5% and 95.3% in patient with symptoms less than 4 days (P = 0.249) and 70.0% and 95.0% in those with symptoms ≥4–7 days (P = 0.096). The 15 patients who had an isolated positive NP RT-PCR were younger (P = 0.034), had lower NP VL (median 5.6 × 103 vs. 3.9 × 107, P < 0.001), and could not drool saliva at the end of the sampling (P = 0.002). VLs were lower with saliva than with NP RT-PCR (median 8.7 cp/mL × 104; interquartile range 1.2 × 104–5.2 × 105; vs. median 4.0 × 107 cp/mL; interquartile range, 8.6 × 105–1 × 108; P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
While RT-PCR testing on saliva performed more poorly in younger children and likely after longer duration of symptoms, saliva remains an attractive alternative to NP swabs in children.
A Bayesian Model to Predict COVID-19 Severity in Children
Authors: Domínguez-Rodríguez Sara , Villaverde Serena , Sanz-Santaeufemia Francisco J. , Grasa Carlos , Soriano-Arandes Antoni , Saavedra-Lozano Jesús , Fumadó Victoria , Epalza Cristina , Serna-Pascual Miquel , Alonso-Cadenas José A. , Rodríguez-Molino Paula , Pujol-Morro Joan , Aguilera-Alonso David , Simó Silvia , Villanueva-Medina Sara , Iglesias-Bouzas M. Isabel , Mellado M. José , Herrero Blanca , Melendo Susana , De la Torre Mercedes , Del Rosal Teresa , Soler-Palacin Pere , Calvo Cristina , Urretavizcaya-Martínez María , Pareja Marta , Ara-Montojo Fátima , Ruiz del Prado Yolanda , Gallego Nerea , Illán Ramos Marta , Cobos Elena , Tagarro Alfredo , Moraleda Cinta ,   on behalf of EPICO-AEP Working Group
Published: July 2021

Background:
We aimed to identify risk factors causing critical disease in hospitalized children with COVID-19 and to build a predictive model to anticipate the probability of need for critical care.

Methods:
We conducted a multicenter, prospective study of children with SARS-CoV-2 infection in 52 Spanish hospitals. The primary outcome was the need for critical care. We used a multivariable Bayesian model to estimate the probability of needing critical care.

Results:
The study enrolled 350 children from March 12, 2020, to July 1, 2020: 292 (83.4%) and 214 (73.7%) were considered to have relevant COVID-19, of whom 24.2% required critical care. Four major clinical syndromes of decreasing severity were identified: multi-inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) (17.3%), bronchopulmonary (51.4%), gastrointestinal (11.6%), and mild syndrome (19.6%). Main risk factors were high C-reactive protein and creatinine concentration, lymphopenia, low platelets, anemia, tachycardia, age, neutrophilia, leukocytosis, and low oxygen saturation. These risk factors increased the risk of critical disease depending on the syndrome: the more severe the syndrome, the more risk the factors conferred. Based on our findings, we developed an online risk prediction tool (https://rserver.h12o.es/pediatria/EPICOAPP/, username: user, password: 0000).

Conclusions:
Risk factors for severe COVID-19 include inflammation, cytopenia, age, comorbidities, and organ dysfunction. The more severe the syndrome, the more the risk factor increases the risk of critical illness. Risk of severe disease can be predicted with a Bayesian model.
Soft tissue impingement at the femorotibial joint after a posterior cruciate ligament-retaining total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Nakamura Mitsuhiro , Soda Yoshinori , Adachi Nobuo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Introduction:
Impingement of soft tissue at the femorotibial (FT) joint after a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can lead to poor postoperative performance and pain. In this report, we have described a case of FT joint impingement by scar tissue formation extending over the anterior surface of the intercondylar fossa after a posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)-retaining TKA.

Patient concerns:
A 78-year-old woman developed crepitations and discomfort during left knee extension and stair climbing at about 10 months after TKA.

Diagnosis:
Plain radiographs of her knee revealed that the patella baja present from before her TKA had progressed. Impression marks in the distal pole of the patella caused by the impingement of the scar tissue between the femoral component of PCL-retaining TKA and the PCL insertion during knee extension were also observed. The impingement was confirmed by direct arthroscopy.

Interventions:
We treated her by performing a resection of the scar tissue, excision of the distal pole of the patella, and replacement of the patella.

Outcomes:
Recovery period was unremarkable, with no recurrence of symptoms over the subsequent 5-year follow-up period.

Conclusion:
Our case demonstrates that a chronic mechanical irritation can induce proliferation of the residual synovial tissue at the insertion of the PCL. This, in turn, could result in the growth of a scar-like tissue, which could extend over the anterior surface of the intercondylar fossa and grow into the distal pole of the patella, causing an impingement at the FT joint. The presence of a patella baja before TKA could be a risk factor for FT impingement after PCL-retaining TKA, warranting a careful follow-up of these patients.
Targeting zero preventable trauma readmissions
Authors: Neiman Pooja U. , Brown Craig S. , Montgomery John R. , Sangji Naveen F. , Hemmila Mark R. , Scott John W. 
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND
Nearly 1-in-10 trauma patients in the United States are readmitted within 30 days of discharge, with a median hospital cost of more than $8,000 per readmission. There are national efforts to reduce readmissions in trauma care, but we do not yet understand which are potentially preventable. Our study aims to quantify the potentially preventable readmissions (PPRs) in trauma care to serve as the anchor point for ongoing efforts to curb hospital readmissions and ultimately, bring preventable readmissions to zero.

METHODS
We identified inpatient hospitalizations after trauma and readmissions within 90 days in the 2017 National Readmissions Database (NRD). Potentially preventable readmissions were defined as the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality–defined Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions, in addition to superficial surgical site infection, acute kidney injury/acute renal failure, and aspiration pneumonitis. Mean costs for these admissions were calculated using the NRD. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to characterize the relationship between patient characteristics and PPR.

RESULTS
A total of 1,320,083 patients were admitted for trauma care in the 2017 NRD, and 137,854 (10.4%) were readmitted within 90 days of discharge. Of these readmissions, 22.7% were potentially preventable. The mean cost was $10,001/PPR, resulting in $313,802,278 in cost to the US health care system. Of readmitted trauma patients younger than 65 years, Medicaid or Medicare patients had 2.7-fold increased odds of PPRs compared with privately insured patients. Patients of any age with congestive heart failure had 2.9 times increased odds of PPR, those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or complicated diabetes mellitus had 1.8 times increased odds, and those with chronic kidney disease had 1.7 times increased odds. Furthermore, as the days from discharge increased, the proportion of readmissions due to PPRs increased.

CONCLUSION
One-in-five trauma readmissions are potentially preventable, which account for more than $300 million annually in health care costs. Improved access to postdischarge ambulatory care may be key to minimizing PPRs, especially for those with certain comorbidities.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Economic and value-based evaluations, level II.
A neutral model for the loss of recombination on sex chromosomes
Authors: Jeffries Daniel L. , Gerchen Jörn F. , Scharmann Mathias , Pannell John R. 
Published: July 2021

The loss of recombination between sex chromosomes has occurred repeatedly throughout nature, with important implications for their subsequent evolution. Explanations for this remarkable convergence have generally invoked only adaptive processes (e.g. sexually antagonistic selection); however, there is still little evidence for these hypotheses. Here we propose a model in which recombination on sex chromosomes is lost due to the neutral accumulation of sequence divergence adjacent to (and thus, in linkage disequilibrium with) the sex determiner. Importantly, we include in our model the fact that sequence divergence, in any form, reduces the probability of recombination between any two sequences. Using simulations, we show that, under certain conditions, a region of suppressed recombination arises and expands outwards from the sex-determining locus, under purely neutral processes. Further, we show that the rate and pattern of recombination loss are sensitive to the pre-existing recombination landscape of the genome and to sex differences in recombination rates, with patterns consistent with evolutionary strata emerging under some conditions. We discuss the applicability of these results to natural systems.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Challenging the paradigm in sex chromosome evolution: empirical and theoretical insights with a focus on vertebrates (Part I)’.
Risk of Severe COVID–19 Outcomes Among Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in the United States
Authors: Chuo Ching-Yi , Yau Vince , Madhavan Sriraman , Tsai Larry , Chia Jenny 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID–19) has infected over 22 million individuals worldwide. It remains unclear whether patients with COVID–19 and Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) experience worse clinical outcomes compared to similar patients with COVID–19 without RA.AimThe aim of this study is to provide insights on how COVID–19 impacted patients with RA given the nature of the disease and medication used.MethodsRA cases were identified via International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes and COVID–19 cases by laboratory results in the U.S. based TriNetX network. Patients with COVID–19 and RA were propensity–score matched based on demographics with patients with COVID–19 without RA at a 1:3 ratio. A hospitalized sub-population was defined by procedure codes.ResultsWe identified 1,014 COVID-19 patients with RA and 3,042 non-RA matches selected from 137,757 patients. The odds of hospitalization (non-RA:23%, RA:24.6%, OR:1.08, 95% CI: 0.88 to 1.33) or mortality (non-RA:5.4%, RA:6%, OR:0.93, 95% CI: 0.65 to 1.34) were not significantly different.The hospitalized sub-population included 249 patients with COVID-19 and RA and 745 non-RA matches selected from 21,435 patients. The risk of intensive care unit (ICU) admission (non-RA:18.8%, RA:18.1%, OR:0.94, 95% CI: 0.60 to 1.45), and inpatient mortality (non-RA:14.4%, RA:14.5%, OR:0.86, 95% CI: 0.53 to 1.40) were not significantly different.ConclusionWe didn’t find evidence suggesting patients with COVID–19 and RA are more likely to have severe outcomes than patients with COVID–19 without RA.Key Messages– Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) tend to be older, and often have co-morbidities which could put them at greater risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes.– This study is one of the largest studies of COVID-19 infected RA populations to date. We did not find increased risk of hospitalization, ICU admission, or mortality among RA patients vs. matched non-RA patients.– Patients previously exposed to anti-coagulants experienced higher risks of hospitalization and overall mortality. Extra attention is needed for treating such patients.
Longitudinal changes in brain activation underlying reading fluency
Authors: Ozernov-Palchik Ola , Sury Dana , Turesky Ted K. , Yu Xi , Gaab Nadine 
Published: July 2021

AbstractReading fluency – the speed and accuracy of reading connected text – is foundational to educational success. The current longitudinal study investigates the neural correlates of fluency development using a connected-text paradigm with an individualized presentation rate. Twenty-six children completed a functional MRI task in 1st/2nd grade (time 1) and again 1-2 years later (time 2). There was a longitudinal increase in activation in the ventral occipito-temporal (vOT) cortex from time 1 to time 2. This increase was also associated with improvements in reading fluency skills and modulated by individual speed demands. These findings highlight the reciprocal relationship of the vOT region with reading proficiency and its importance for supporting the developmental transition to fluent reading. These results have implications for developing effective interventions to target increased automaticity in reading.
The Automated Preprocessing Pipe-Line for the Estimation of Scale-wise Entropy from EEG Data (APPLESEED): Development and validation for use in pediatric populations
Authors: Puglia Meghan H. , Slobin Jacqueline S. , Williams Cabell L. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIt is increasingly understood that moment-to-moment brain signal variability – traditionally modeled out of analyses as mere “noise” – serves a valuable function role and captures properties of brain function related to development, cognitive processing, and psychopathology. Multiscale entropy (MSE) – a measure of signal irregularity across temporal scales – is an increasingly popular analytic technique in human neuroscience. MSE provides insight into the time-structure and (non)linearity of fluctuations in neural activity and network dynamics, capturing the brain’s moment-to-moment complexity as it operates on multiple time scales. MSE is emerging as a powerful predictor of developmental processes and outcomes. However, differences in data preprocessing and MSE computation make it challenging to compare results across studies. Here, we (1) provide an introduction to MSE for developmental researchers, (2) demonstrate the effect of preprocessing procedures on scale-wise entropy estimates, and (3) establish a standardized EEG preprocessing and entropy estimation pipeline that generates scale-wise entropy estimates that are reliable and capable of differentiating developmental stages and cognitive states. This novel pipeline – the Automated Preprocessing Pipe-Line for the Estimation of Scale-wise Entropy from EEG Data (APPLESEED) is fully automated, customizable, and freely available for download fromhttps://github.com/mhpuglia/APPLESEED. The dataset used herein to develop and validate the pipeline is available for download fromhttps://openneuro.org/datasets/ds003710.