bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Intention to Receive the COVID-19 Vaccination in Macao: Implications for Vaccination Strategies
Authors: UNG Carolina Oi Lam , HU Yuanjia , HU Hao , BIAN Ying 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Understanding the intention of receiving COVID-19 vaccines is important to inform effective vaccination strategies. This study aimed to investigate such intention, identify the key influencing factors, and determine the most important intention predictors using a theoretically principled model. Methods: An online, cross-sectional survey method was implemented in Macao in May 2021. People aged 18 years or above and residing in Macao for 12 months prior to the study were recruited through social media. Intention to receive COVID-19 vaccines and the main constructs of the protection motivation theory and the health belief model were the main measures.Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression were used for data analysis.Results: A total of 552 valid responses were received. Among the respondents, 79.5% aged between 25 and 54 years old, 59.4% were female, and 88% had a bachelor degree or above; 62.3% of the respondents indicated their intention to receive COVID-19 vaccination while 19.2% were hesitant and 18.5% did not have any intention. While 67.0% believed COVID-19 infection was life-threatening, only 19.0% thought they were at risk of getting infected. Control variables such as age, gender, education level, and having travel plans were significantly correlated with intention. Significant associations between intention with perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, maladaptive response reward, self-efficacy, response-efficacy, response cost, social attitude, social norm, past experience and information seeking behaviorwere identified (p<0.05). The most important positive predictors of intention were “being able to make arrangement to receive the vaccine” (β=0.333, P<0.001), “a sense of social responsibility” (β = 0.326, P<0.001), and “time off from work after vaccination” (β = 0.169, P<0.001), whereas “concerns over vaccine safety” (β = - 0.124, P < 0.001) and“relying on online resources for vaccine information” (β = -0.065, P <0.05)were negative predictors. Perceived severity was not a predictor of intention.Conclusion: Multi-component strategies to enhance health literacy that supports well-informed decision-making, increase vaccination convenience, promote social responsibility, and provide time-off incentivesareamong the key considerations in designing and improve vaccination campaigns in Macao.
Prepaid Domestic Gas Metering System &amp; Reduction of System Loss in the Energy Sector of Bangladesh: A Case Study on Titas Gas Transmission &amp; Distribution Company Limited
Authors: Nargis  
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Titas Gas Transmission and Distribution Company Limited (TGTDCL) is the largest gas transmission and distribution company in Bangladesh. The company undertook a pilot project in July 2005 to implement pre-paid metering on a limited scale. The outcomes of the pilot project are analyzed and presented in this paper. Most of the customers under the project appear to be indifferent to the new system. The revenue of TGTDCL was less compared to the same number of un-metered customers. The pilot project has a lack of design, planning, and implementation errors. Calculations are therefore made based on the assumed parameters. Clear and conclusive results regarding the reduction of gas wastage and financial benefits are hard to determine.
An inhibited laser
Authors: Shi Tiantian , Pan Duo , Chen Jingbiao 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Traditional lasers function using resonant cavities, in which the round-trip optical path is exactly equal to an integer multiple of the intracavity wavelengths to constructively enhance the spontaneous emission rate. By taking advantage of the resonant cavity enhancement, the narrowest sub-10-mHz-linewidth laser and a 10^-16-fractional-frequency-stability superradiant active optical clock (AOC) have been achieved. However, never has a laser with atomic spontaneous radiation being destructively inhibited in an anti-resonant cavity where the atomic resonance is exactly between two adjacent cavity resonances been proven. Herein, we present the first demonstration of the inhibited stimulated emission, which is termed an inhibited laser. Compared with traditional superradiant AOCs exhibiting superiority for the high suppression of cavity noise in lasers, the effect of cavity pulling on the inhibited laser's frequency can be further suppressed by a factor of (2F/π)^2. This study of the inhibited laser will guide further development of superradiant AOCs with better stability, and may lead to new searches in the cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) field.
Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals significant differences in gene expression between pathogens of apple Glomerella leaf spot and apple bitter rot
Authors: Jiang Bowen , Cai Ting , Yang Xiaoying , Dai Yuya , Yu Kaixuan , Zhang Pingping , Li Pingliang , Wang Caixia , Liu Na , Li Baohua , Lian Sen 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Apple Glomerella leaf spot (GLS) and apple bitter rot (ABR) are two devastating foliar and fruit diseases on apple. The different symptoms of GLS and ABR could be related to different transcriptome patterns. Thus, the objectives of this study were to compare the transcriptome profiles of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, the common pathogen of GLS and ABR, and to evaluate the genes involvement on pathogenicity.Results: A relatively large difference was discovered between the GLS- and ABR-isolate, and quite a number of differential expression genes associated with pathogenicity were revealed. The DEGs between the GLS- and ABR-isolate were significantly enriched in GO terms of secondary metabolites, however the categories of degradation of various cell wall components did not. A number of genes associate with secondary metabolism were revealed. A total of 17 Cytochrome P450s (CYP), 11 of which were up-regulated while six were down-regulated, and five up-regulated methyltransferase genes were discovered. The genes associated with secretion of extracellular enzymes and melanin accumulation were up-regulated. Four genes associated with degradation of host cell wall, three genes involved in degradation of cellulose, and one gene involved in degradation of xylan were revealed and all up-regulated. In addition, genes involved in melanin synthesis, such as tyrosinase and glucosyltransferase, were highly up-regulated.Conclusions: The penetration ability, pathogenicity of GLS-isolate was greater than that ABR-isolate, which might be indicate that GLS-isolate originated from ABR-isolates by mutation. These results contributed to highlight the importance to investigate such DEGs between GLS- and ABR-isolate in depth.
Study on formation mechanism of granite eluvium landslide by field rainfall simulation
Authors: Feng Wenkai , Hu Rui , Bai Huilin , Wu Yiying , Dai Hongchuan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Granite residual soil is a kind of special soil, which is easy to induce geological disasters under the condition of heavy rainfall. Taking the mass landslides in Beiling area, Longchuan County, Guangdong Province as the background, the formation mechanism of typical landslides was explored by means of physical simulation, and the following conclusions were obtained: ① the influencing factors of landslides were rainfall intensity, physical and mechanical properties of rock and soil mass, slope structure; ② Rainfall does not cause the abnormal increase or decrease of soil pressure and pore water pressure in the slope, indicating that the failure of the slope is limited to the local failure of the slope surface and the slope toe, and there is no overall deformation and failure trend; ③ On the surface of the slope, the slope is eroded by rainfall, and on the foot of the slope, the free surface collapses and undergoes erosion. On the whole, the slope shows the characteristics of "step by step retreat and damage in turn"; ④ The evolutionary process of landslide can be divided into the following four stages: original slope evolution stage, soil particle migration stage, slope surface local failure stage and overall instability stage.
Prediction of Iranian EFL Teachers' Burnout Level Using Machine Learning Algorithms and Maslach Burnout Inventory
Authors: Dizaj Shima Baniadam , Dizaj Shahla Baniadam 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Burnout is that the result of extreme work-related stress and it's categorized by emotional, psychological, and physical exhaustion. we will count it as a modern epidemic within the teaching profession likewise as different professions. The measures that may have an effect on a lecturer and can cause burnout are categorized as Depersonalization, Emotional Exhaustion, Personal Accomplishment. though articles on educator burnout vary in their approach, they incline to specialize in the causes of burnout, the way to assess the signs of burnout, methods to stop burnout, and/or next steps for directors and teachers. The main issue that has been incomprehensible is the prediction of obtaining burned out. Through prediction, we will cut back the prices of the burnout impact on teachers, students, schools, and society and stop its consequences like depression, coronary failure, or perhaps suicide. Our objective is to research and predict the burnout level in English as a far-off Language (EFL) teacher. we are going to use Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) to gather a dataset and live the 3 subscales of teacher burnout: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment. when analyzing the collected dataset that consisted of 1433 teachers’ data, 9 machine learning classification algorithms by implementing exploitation python programing language is applied and accuracy is employed as a performance parameter.
Anti-hyperglyceamic Effects of Psidium guajava LINN Crude Leaf Extracts and Fractions in Alloxan- induced Diabetic Mice.
Authors: Nwabunwanne Eze Uchenna , Anayaochukwu Eze Anthonius , Victor Ugwu Chukwuebuka , Maxwell Onuoha , Mary Ubenyi Stanley 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In Nigeria, rural inhabitants often resort to herbal remedies and dietary control for the treatment and management of various forms of diabetes mellitus. This study was conducted to provide the rationale for the use of Psidium guajava leaves as a potent traditional antidiabetic remedy. The crude leaf extracts of n-hexane, methanol, and ethyl acetate of Psidium guajava were separately prepared by cold maceration. Then, the ethyl acetate crude extract of Psidium guajava leaves was fractionated by column chromatography to yield ethyl acetate bulked fractions: EF-I (1–75), EF-II (76–150), and EF- III (151–250). The n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol crude leaf extracts and ethyl acetate bulked fractions (EF-I, EF-II, and EF-III) were evaluated for antidiabetic activity in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. The blood sugar levels of treated and untreated alloxan-induced diabetic mice were assayed as indices of antidiabetic effect. The phytochemical constituents of both crude extracts and ethyl acetate fractions of Psidium guajava leaves and the mean lethal dose (LD50) of ethyl acetate crude leaf extract of Psidium guajava were determined. The mean lethal dose (LD50) of ethyl acetate crude leaf extract was calculated to be 1500mg/kg b.w. The results indicated that oral administration of ethyl acetate, n-hexane, methanol crude extract, and ethyl acetate bulked fractions of Psidium guajava leaves at a dose of 100mg/kg b.w on treated groups exhibited much significant[p < 0.001, p < 0.01and p < 0.05]anti- hyperglyceamic effect by ameliorating high blood sugar levels of alloxan-induced diabetic treated mice, while EF-II and EF-III showed non-significant[p > 0.05] anti-hyperglyceamic activity for the reduction in blood sugar levels compared with the negative and positive control groups. The anti- diabetic potency of the crude leaf extracts and ethyl acetate fractions were in the order; EC > HC > MC > EF-I > EF-II > EF-III. The results of phytochemical screening of the crude extracts and ethyl acetate bulked fractions showed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, and steroids while reducing sugar was absent. The results from this study give credence to the use of Psidium guajava as an antidiabetic agent in the management of diabetes mellitus.
Microwave and RF non-integral order Hilbert transforms using a 49GHz FSR integrated optical micro-comb source
Authors: tan mengxi , xu xingyuan , Moss David 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We report a photonic microwave and RF fractional Hilbert transformer based on an integrated Kerr micro-comb source. The micro-comb source has a free spectral range (FSR) of 50GHz, generating a large number of comb lines that serve as a high-performance multi-wavelength source for the transformer. By programming and shaping the comb lines according to calculated tap weights, we achieve both arbitrary fractional orders and a broad operation bandwidth. We experimentally characterize the RF amplitude and phase response for different fractional orders and perform system demonstrations of real-time fractional Hilbert transforms. We achieve a phase ripple of < 0.15 rad within the 3-dB pass-band, with bandwidths ranging from 5 to 9 octaves, depending on the order. The experimental results show good agreement with theory, confirming the effectiveness of our approach as a new way to implement high-performance fractional Hilbert transformers with broad processing bandwidth, high reconfigurability, and greatly reduced size and complexity.
The return of chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum parasites in Jazan Region, Southwestern Saudi Arabia over a decade after the adoption of artemisinin-based combination therapy: analysis of genetic mutations in the pfcrt gene
Authors: Madkhali Aymen M. , Abdulhaq Ahmed A. , Atroosh Wahib M. , Ghzwani Ahmad Hassn , Zain Khalid Ammash , Ghailan Khalid Y. , Hamali Hassan A. , Mobarki Abdullah A. , Eisa Zaki M. , Lau Yee-Ling , Al-Mekhlafi Hesham M. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This study investigated the polymorphism in the P. falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter (pfcrt) gene 11 years after chloroquine (CQ) cessation in Jazan region, southwestern Saudi Arabia. Two hundred and thirty-five P. falciparum isolates were amplified to detect mutations in the pfcrt gene. The pfcrt 76T molecular marker for CQ resistance was detected in 66.4% (156/235) of the isolates, while the K76 CQ-sensitive wild type was detected in 33.6%. The pfcrt 74I and pfcrt 75E point mutations were each found to be present in 56.2% of isolates, while only four isolates (1.7%) were found to carry the pfcrt 72S mutation. Moreover, four pfcrt haplotypes were identified: the CVIET triple-allele (56.2%), SVMET double-allele (1.7%), and CVMNT single-allele (8.5%) mutant haplotypes, and the CVMNK wild haplotype (33.6%). The analysis also revealed significant associations between the prevalence of mutant pfcrt alleles and haplotypes and the age group, governorate, and nationality of the patients as well as the parasitaemia level (P < 0.05). The findings provide evidence of the potential re-emergence of CQ-susceptible P. falciparum strains in Jazan region over a decade after CQ discontinuation, with about one third of the isolates analysed carrying the pfcrt K76 CQ-sensitive wild allele and the CVMNK ancestral wild haplotype. Although the reintroduction of CQ cannot be recommended at present in Saudi Arabia, these findings support the rationale for a potential future role for CQ in malaria treatment. Therefore, continuous molecular and in-vitro monitoring mutations of pfcrt polymorphism in Jazan region is highly recommended.
Knowledge and Practice of Menstrual Hygiene Management Among High School Girls and the Impact on Education in the Sunyani West Municipal, Ghana
Authors: ADJEI-AMOAFO Kwame 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
IntroductionMost female adolescents in Ghana enter puberty unprepared and the information they receive is often selective and surrounded by many taboos and other restrictions. This study therefore seeks to assess the knowledge high school girls have concerning menstruation, how they practise menstrual hygiene and the impact menstrual hygiene management has on education.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was carried out in conveniently selected JHS and SHS in the Sunyani West Municipality between March 19 and April 30, 2018 using self-administered questionnaires to elicit information on demographic features, knowledge, practices and challenges of menstruation and its management. A chi-square analysis was used to determine the association between a number of outcomes and explanatory variables. ResultsA total of 306 students participated in the study with a response rate of 87.4%. The mean age at menarche was 13.09±1.24 years. From the study, 83.01% (254) were knowledgeable on MHM. Knowledge of MHM was significantly associated with ethnicity (p-value 0.028). Almost all the participants 95.10% (291) used disposable sanitary material. From the study, 66.67% (204) had good practice of MHM. Practice of MHM was associated with religion (p value 0.037). The study revealed 27.45% (84) had ever absented themselves from school during menstrual period and majority of them 86.27% (264) were distracted about blood staining their dress during teaching. ConclusionThe study group had high knowledge of MHM and a greater percentage observed good menstrual hygiene management. However, their knowledge of MHM does not necessarily translate into good practice of MHM.
Molecular profile reveals immune-associated markers of medulloblastoma for different subtypes
Authors: Li Shenglan , Kang Zhuang , Chen Jinyi , Wang Can , Cai Zehao , Pan Leixin , Chen Feng , lishenglan  , liwenbin  
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Medulloblastoma is a common intracranial tumor among children. In recent years, research on cancer genome has established four distinct subtypes of medulloblastoma: WNT, SHH, Group3, and Group4. Each subtype has its own transcriptional profile, methylation changes, and different clinical outcomes. Treatment and prognosis also vary depending on the subtype. Based on the methylation data of medulloblastoma samples, methylCIBERSORT was used to evaluate the level of immune cell infiltration in medulloblastoma samples and identified 10 kinds of immune cells with different subtypes. Combined with the immune database, 293 Imm-DEGs were screened. Imm-DEGs were used to construct the co-expression network, and the key modules related to the level of differential immune cell infiltration were identified. Three immune hub genes (GAB1, ABL1, CXCR4) were identified according to the gene connectivity and the correlation with phenotype in the key modules, as well as the PPI network involved in the genes in the modules. The subtype marker was recognized according to the immune hub, and the subtype marker was verified in the external data set, Finally, the methylation level of immune hub gene among different subtypes was compared and analyzed, at the same time, tissue microarray was used for immunohistochemical verification, and a multi-factor regulatory network of hub gene was constructed. Identifying subtype marker is helpful to accurately identify the subtypes of medulloblastoma patients, and can accurately evaluate the treatment and prognosis, so as to improve the overall survival of patients.
Linkages between environmental factors (WASH and energy) and Infant and Young Child Feeding practices in rural India: implications for cross-sectoral interventions for child health
Authors: Parikh Priti , Kwami Corina S. , Khanna Rajesh , Lall Marie , Reddy Hanimi , Benton Lorna , Sharma Sanjay , Vijay Virendra K. , Manikam Logan , Lakhanpaul Monica 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
As factors influencing the health and well-being of children are complex and cross-sectoral, integrated interventions are required to improve child health and hence address the Sustainable Development Goals. This paper explores linkages between environmental factors, feeding practices and potential infection pathways in India. The PANChSHEEEL project is a participatory interdisciplinary study, designed to explore HEEE (Health, Education, Engineering and Environment) factors influencing Infant and Young Child Feeding practices. This study uses data from observational transect walks and 445 household interviews from nine villages in Banswara district in India. Using the socio-ecological model, this study demonstrates how the lack of access to and quality of water resources, poor access to sanitation and hygiene practices, access to cooking fuels and flooding can influence feeding practices. The study finds that access to water, sanitation and cooking fuels can affect the preparation of food, contaminate water and food and place added time burden on caregivers. For infants, insufficient and contaminated water can lead to a higher risk of infection, diarrhoea and ultimately malnutrition. Recommendations include efforts to address waterlogging, promote safe storage of water, establish a water quality regime with stakeholders and develop appropriate, affordable and acceptable sanitation solutions.
Assessment of multiple boiling of potable water utilizing household kettles for consumption
Authors: Al-Anzi Bader S. , Abraham Litty , Bamanga A. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Boiling potable water utilizing 11 household/office electrical kettles for sterilization and aesthetic purposes is common among all age groups. However, the effect of continued boiling of the same water multiple times utilizing household electrical kettles on potable water quality has not been investigated previously; thus, the current study experimentally investigates the effect of reboiling potable water seven times on potable water quality. Kettle H (Dexon) recorded the highest concentration increase in Cl− and of 62.5 and 104%, respectively. In the case of cations, kettles I (Dexon Glass) and H (Dexon) recorded the highest concentration values for Na+ (48.8 ppm) ion in comparison with Ca2+ (31.8 ppm; kettle K (Moulinex)) and Mg2+ (5.8 ppm; kettles I and H). Kettles A (Sharp) and E (Black + Decker) showed a total dissolved solids (TDS) value of 34 ppm and a pH value of 9.05, respectively, after the second boiling that is undesirable as per the permissible standards. It is observed that kettles with a water compartment made of stainless steel displayed values closer to the raw sample after one to two boils as per anions, pH and TDS analyses. Moulinex, Tokyo, Wansa and Bosch showed the best results in the case of various analyses.