bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ovarian serous eystadenofibroma: Towards a preoperative diagnosis
Authors: Ekanayake C.D. , Dissanayake D. , Kumarasinghe I. 
Published: October 2021

Background: Ovarian cystadenofibromas are rare benign ovarian neoplasms which contain epithelial and fibrous stromal components which give rise to complex cystic and solid areas which will be visualized sonographically as malignant tumours. The management of cystadenofibroma of ovary is complete surgical removal of the tumour. The prognosis is generally excellent with prompt and appropriate treatment as there is a very low risk of recurrence.Case Presentation: A 45-year-old woman presented to the gynaecology clinic complaining of irregular menstrual bleeding, secondary dysmenorrhea and left sided lower abdominal pain of one month duration. On bimanual examination a cystic, nontender, left adnexal mass was found. Imaging revealed a complex cystic mass in left ovary (10 x 9.6 x 8 cm). There was a thin film of pelvic free fluid adjacent to the inferior margin of the lesion. Few non-specific subcentrimetric para aortic, left iliac lymph nodes were seen. CA-125 level was 179 U/ml. A staging laparotomy was performed and included total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salphyngoophorectomy and infracolic omentectomy. Bilateral multilocular ovarian cysts (left cyst – 10 x 8cm and right cyst – 3 x 4cm) were present. Histology revealed bilateral serous cystadenofibromas. No atypical or malignant cells were observed in peritoneal washings.Conclusion: Ovarian cystadenofibromas appear malignant on imaging and macroscopy. Frozen sections does not appear to be reliable indicator and only MRI appears to be dependable in predicting the diagnosis of a cystadenofibroma prior to histological confirmation.
A hypothesis: autonomic rhythms are reflected in growth lines of teeth in humans and extinct archosaurs
Authors: Appenzeller Otto , Gunga Hanns-Christian , Qualls Clifford , Furlan Raffaello , Porta Alberto , Lucas Spencer G. , Heckert Andrew B. , Kirsch Karl , Costa Junqueira Maria , Guillén Sonia E. , Sander M , Schneider T. , Blottner B. 
Published: October 2021

A major determinant of tooth architecture is the arrangement of lines in dentin and in the enamel, following the contour of the surface. Since the original description of these lines in the 19th century they have been attributed to recurring events during tooth development. They have also attracted the attention of dental scientists and anthropologists; however, to date, studies of these structures have been largely theoretical and microscopic. We show here that the statistical properties of the spacing between the lines are similar in teeth from both ancient and modern humans and from extinct archosaurs-reptiles that lived tens or hundreds of millions of years ago- they also resemble heart rate variability of living humans.
We propose that the deposition of these recurring structures is controlled by the autonomic nervous system (ANS). This control accounts for their regularity and recurrent nature and implies that the lines are an expression of a biologic rhythm which has been conserved throughout evolution. Details of the rhythms give clues to life styles in ancient civilizations and to the physiology of extinct archosaurs.
The Sustainability of Premium Payment of National Health Insurance's Self-Enrolled Members in Jakarta Greater Area
Authors: Nurhasana Renny , Hidayat Budi , Pujiyanto  , Ratih Suci Puspita , Hartono Risky Kusuma , Dartanto Teguh 
Published: October 2021

Background The sustainability of the National Health Insurance (NHI) program heavily relies on the premium of its member. The negligence of a large number of members at pay the premium lead to the failure of the Social Security Agency for Health (SSAH) to deliver its services. This study aims at analyzing important factors that influence the sustainability of premium payment of NHI's self-enrolled members in the Jakarta Greater Area. Design and methods This study performed an econometric analysis from the panel and the same respondent's data in 2015 and 2017. The population of the study was NHI's self-enrolled members who lived in the City of Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi, (Jakarta Greater Area) and it represents the urban area of Indonesia. The ordinal logistic regression model was used to determine the type of sustainability NHI premium payment. Results The survey shows that around 28.3% of self-enrolled members do not pay the NHI insurance premium regularly. Applying ordered logit this study statistically confirms that age of household head, income per month, never experience economic hardship, 1st/2nd class registration, and benefits of SSAH are positively correlated with compliance rate to pay NHI insurance premium. Whereas tobacco consumption, health-seeking behavior, and the 2016 increase of premium are negatively correlated with regular premium payment. Conclusions This study calls for policy intervention to improve compliance of premium payment such as i) massive promotion of insurance literacy and benefits of insurance through a health professional, internet, and government officer; ii) expanding auto-debit and installment premium payment; iii) incentive for paying premium regularly and not smoking; and iv) improving access and quality of health services.
Heart rate profiles and heart rate variability during scuba diving
Authors: Schaller Claudine , Fümm Andrea , Bachmann Simon , Oechslin Luca , Nakahara Yoshi , Melliger Roger , Biaggi Patric , Wyss Christophe Alain 
Published: October 2021

AIMS: The aim of the present study was to describe heart rate profiles and heart rate variability patterns in non-selected scuba divers of different ages under non-experimental real-world conditions.
METHODS: We used specially designed silver-loaded polydimethylsiloxane dry electrodes for underwater ECG recordings. With a custom-built setup, heart rate profiles and heart rate variability patterns were documented before submersion, during diving and after resurfacing in 18 separate dives.
RESULTS: Heart rates of the divers just before descent were remarkably high (median 114 bpm, interquartile range [IQR] 83–154) with a statistically significant rapid decrease after submersion (median 90 bpm, IQR 70–116; p = 0.008). The percentage heart rate reduction by submersion was individually very variable (median 21%, range 5–39%). We noted a general increase in autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity without predominance of parasympathetic parameters, suggesting a concomitant sympatheticadrenergic activation.
CONCLUSIONS: Scuba diving under real-world conditions by non-selected divers is characterised by relatively high heart rates just before submersion, an individually variable but significant bradycardic dive response, and induces an immediate and sustained parallel increase of parasympathetic and sympathetic-adrenergic autonomic nervous system activity. These observations could explain several specific pathophysiological mechanisms of diving incidents (haemodynamic decompensation, arrhythmias, acute coronary syndromes) and underlines the importance of cardiovascular risk stratification in diving eligibility assessment.
أثر الرسوم والضرائب على الطباعة في السودان
Authors: سيدأحمد خليل د.عثمان 
Published: October 2021

This study tackles the effect of fees and taxes on Commercial Printing Press Sector In Sudan and different obstacles and problems facing the function of this sector and Printing Industry as a whole in Sudan, then accordingly, how to find remedies and solutions which accelerates solving these obstacles and problems raised as a result of effect of fees and taxes on Printing Sector In Sudan.
After dealing with the methodological approach of the research the researcher handles the theoretical approach of the research, the foundation of Printing through out the world since old decades, the foundation of modern Printing in Europe, in Arab Countries and in Sudan.
The researcher then points out findings of the field meetings and the results of the research and recommendations.
The syntheses of Salicylichydroxamic acid as extracting agent for some transition metals
Authors: A/ gadir A/ rahaman . Dr. Suad 
Published: October 2021

This research is aimed to synthesis and characterize of salicylichydroxamic (SHA), by using some analytical tools, in order to be used for extraction heavy metals ions . Extraction of heavy metals plays an important role in biological fields. The extraction was carried out by using n-butanol alcohol. Salicyhydroxamic acid reagent showed highly efficiency for extraction of Fe+3 in 1M Hcl and Cr(VI) in 4 pH with extraction percentages (92.0%) and (83.3%)respectively. The obtained results were tabulated, graphicrlated and interoperated by statistical analysis.
Formation mechanism of super cluster over the tropics
Authors: ISLAM Md. NAZRUL , UYEDA HIROSHI , KIKUCHI KATSUHIRO 
Published: October 2021

A large-scale cloud phenomenon was analyzed to understand its internal structure, organization and movement. A westward moving uncommon super cluster was shown to have developed in the study region while each cloud cluster moved FJESE. The super cluster has horizontal length 2000 km, life time more than 2 days, very low TBB (<210 K) cloud area ~40× 104 km2 and moved westward with a speed of ~6 m/s. These features are some what different from the usual properties of super cluster as reported in several works. It was found that new clouds successively formed and interacted between themselves, and organized to form cloud clusters. The cloud clusters merged with the old large cluster to take part in the maintenance of super cluster. The propagation speed and the direction of the super cluster was followed by the formation of new cluster.
La triada en el Panteón femenino Valois (1547-1559)
Authors: Goicoechea Beltran Aitana 
Published: October 2021

Catalina de Médicis, Diana de Poitiers y Margarita de Francia constituyeron las tres piezas esenciales del poder femenino en la corte del rey Enrique II. No solo formaron parte del programa político-cultural Valois sino que lo alentaron y lo reafirmaron permitiendo el uso de sus respectivas imágenes para crear un verdadero panteón divino con el fin de consolidar las pretensiones de la dinastía. Este artículo explora la configuración de la iconografía mitológica cortesana vinculada a estas tres figuras y tiene como objetivo mostrar la génesis, el desarrollo y las personalidades que hicieron posible la construcción de este panteón iconográfico.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infections in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Agca Harun 
Published: October 2021

Background: Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common causative agent of community-acquired and atypical pneumonia. M. pneumoniae-associated respiratory tract infections are most often mild and self-limiting in nature, and severe courses of disease are not common.
Aims and Objectives: We aimed to analyze respiratory samples of hospitalized patients by real-time (RT) PCR for M. pneumoniae infections.
Methodology: In this study, hospitalized patients with respiratory symptoms including nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, nasal discharge, wheezing, sore throat and cough, were tested for Mycoplasma pneumoniae between April 2018 and March 2020 and the results of these patients were analyzed retrospectively.
Results: We retrospectively investigated the results of 1245 nasopharyngeal swab samples. Records of 693 (55.7%) male and 552 (44.3%) female patients between 0-93 years were investigated.All of the patients were below 26 years. There were 37 M. pneumoniae positive patients and the highest M. pneumoniae positivity was in 2-5 age group, with 16 children. M. pneumoniae positivity rate was highest in the 0-1 age group with 8.3%. There were 19 co-infections with viruses and rhino/enterovirus (n=12) was the most frequent accompanying virus.
Conclusion: M. pneumonia infections are found in about 3% of respiratory samples. M. pneumoniae is usually a part of co-infections accompanied by bacteria and viruses. Patients with respiratory infection symptoms should be diagnosed with multiplex rapid PCR panels including M. pneumoniae.
Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity between Medical Plant Extracts and Antibiotics against Bacterial Isolates from Tonsillitis
Authors: Al-Khafaji Angham Najah 
Published: October 2021

Objectives: Acute tonsillitis is an inflammatory process of tonsil tissue and is usually infectious. Acute tonsillitis starts suddenly and usually disappears within one to two weeks. This study aims to isolate bacteria from patients with infectious tonsillitis and determine the antibacterial activity of Mentha piperita L, Citrus aurantium, banana peel extract and antibiotics including penicillin, ampicillin, oxacillin, meropenem, tobramycin, gentamicin, levofloxacin, and clarithromycin against bacteria.
Methods: Were Collected 60 clinical samples of sputum and throat swabs from patients with tonsillitis admitted to AL-Furat Alawsait Hospital in Najaf. The samples were cultured in blood, MacConkey agar, and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours, and then the Vitek2 system was used for diagnosis to detect G + ve and G-ve bacteria.
Results: It was found that out of 60 sputum samples and throat swabs, 15 cases were gram positive bacteria, while 45 gram negative bacteria. As revealed by the in vitro agar well diffusion method, it was found that the aqueous extracts of these plants, especially Mentha piperita, have strong antibacterial activity against a variety of pathogens. The results show that Mentha is very effective at all concentrations used in this study (125, 250, 500, 1000) mg / ml in all bacteria isolated from tonsillitis. The zone of greatest inhibition of Mentha, Citrus anrantium and banana peel extract was 30, 28, 25 mm at concentrations of 1000 mg / ml respectively. Used eight selected antibiotics, including (penicillin, ampicillin, oxacillin, meropenem, tobramycin, gentamicin, levofloxacin, and clarithromycin). To shows the susceptibility of all bacteria isolates used in this study, the best antibiotics to sensitive for all bacteria (Meropenem and Levofloxacin ), while the resistance to oxacillin.
Conclusion: The selected commonly used aqueous extracts have been tested for their antibacterial activity against multi drug-resistant bacteria, and it is believed that their extracts can be used for multi drug-resistant bacteria that can cause nosocomial and community-acquired infections.
SBRT of ventricular tachycardia using 4pi optimized trajectories
Authors: Q. M. Reis Cristiano , Little Brian , Lee MacDonald Robert , Syme Alasdair , Thomas Christopher G. , Robar James L. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the possible advantages of using 4pi‐optimized arc trajectories in stereotactic body radiation therapy of ventricular tachycardia (VT‐SBRT) to minimize exposure of healthy tissues.Methods and materialsThorax computed tomography (CT) data for 15 patients were used for contouring organs at risk (OARs) and defining realistic planning target volumes (PTVs). A conventional trajectory plan, defined as two full coplanar arcs was compared to an optimized‐trajectory plan provided by a 4pi algorithm that penalizes geometric overlap of PTV and OARs in the beam's‐eye‐view. A single fraction of 25 Gy was prescribed to the PTV in both plans and a comparison of dose sparing to OARs was performed based on comparisons of maximum, mean, and median dose.ResultsA significant average reduction in maximum dose was observed for esophagus (18%), spinal cord (26%), and trachea (22%) when using 4pi‐optimized trajectories. Mean doses were also found to decrease for esophagus (19%), spinal cord (33%), skin (18%), liver (59%), lungs (19%), trachea (43%), aorta (11%), inferior vena cava (25%), superior vena cava (33%), and pulmonary trunk (26%). A median dose reduction was observed for esophagus (40%), spinal cord (48%), skin (36%), liver (72%), lungs (41%), stomach (45%), trachea (53%), aorta (45%), superior vena cava (38%), pulmonary veins (32%), and pulmonary trunk (39%). No significant difference was observed for maximum dose (p = 0.650) and homogeneity index (p = 0.156) for the PTV. Average values of conformity number were 0.86 ± 0.05 and 0.77 ± 0.09 for the conventional and 4pi optimized plans respectively.Conclusions4pi optimized trajectories provided significant reduction to mean and median doses to cardiac structures close to the target but did not decrease maximum dose. Significant improvement in maximum, mean and median doses for noncardiac OARs makes 4pi optimized trajectories a suitable delivery technique for treating VT.
Selective Effects of the Host Matrix in Hydrogenated InGaAsN Alloys: Toward an Integrated Matrix/Defect Engineering Paradigm
Authors: Filippone Francesco , Younis Saeed , Mattioli Giuseppe , Felici Marco , Blundo Elena , Polimeni Antonio , Pettinari Giorgio , Giubertoni Damiano , Sterzer Eduard , Volz Kerstin , Fekete Dan , Kapon Eli , Amore Bonapasta Aldo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn dilute nitride InyGa1−yAs1−xNx alloys, a spatially controlled tuning of the energy gap can be realized by combining the introduction of N atoms—inducing a significant reduction of this parameter—with that of hydrogen atoms, which neutralize the effect of N. In these alloys, hydrogen forms N–H complexes in both Ga‐rich and In‐rich N environments. Here, photoluminescence measurements and thermal annealing treatments show that, surprisingly, N neutralization by H is significantly inhibited when the number of In‐N bonds increases. Density functional theory calculations account for this result and reveal an original, physical phenomenon: only in the In‐rich N environment, the InyGa1−yAs host matrix exerts a selective action on the N–H complexes by hindering the formation of the complexes more effective in the N passivation. This thoroughly overturns the usual perspective of defect‐engineering by proposing a novel paradigm where a major role pertains to the defect‐surrounding matrix.
Natural and social science approaches are both needed to manage bird bycatch in small‐scale fisheries
Authors: Psuty Iwona , Całkiewicz Joanna 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Puck Bay is one of the most important resting and wintering places for seabirds in the Baltic Sea. It is also an important, intensively used fishery ground for traditional small‐scale fisheries operating with gillnets.
The protection measures proposed in the consultation for the Natura 2000 Puck Bay conservation plan encountered considerable resistance from small‐scale fishermen. The most serious problem was the gap in scientific knowledge and the proposed closure of gillnets in a substantial area of the bay for the period from November to April.
The conditions of bird bycatch in Puck Bay for the period from 1 October 2014 to the end of April 2015 are considered from two perspectives: modelling of bycatch data collected during pilot monitoring by direct on‐board observation together with voluntary fishery logbooks and content analysis of fishermen's interviews. The results from both attempts indicate that solutions to minimize bird bycatch should be sought for winter (December–February) and for all net types. Bycatch is also influenced by depth and fishing area. The modelling results indicate that fishing time is also important.
The bycatch in Puck Bay between October 2014 and April 2015 was estimated at 1,332 birds (95% confidence interval: 789–2,898). The estimation was subject to additional uncertainty due to quantitative data limitations.
In conflicting situations that require fisheries management to protect the environment, the use of fisheries knowledge through social science methods is essential. The barrier to such interdisciplinary research seems to be a lack of trust not only between fishermen and scientists but also between natural and social scientists.
Fishery management in Puck Bay should be based on the combination of continuous bird and bird bycatch monitoring with the integration of local fishery knowledge to minimize the scale of bycatch.
Fixed‐time extended state observer‐based trajectory tracking control for autonomous underwater vehicles
Authors: Zheng Jiaqi , Song Lei , Liu Lingya , Yu Wenbin , Zhu Shanying , Wang Yiyin , Chen Cailian 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the trajectory tracking control problem for autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) with time‐varying external disturbances of currents and waves in the sea. To solve the problem, a fixed‐time extended state observer (FTESO)‐based tracking controller is proposed. Firstly, by using the extended state observer, the FTESO is proposed for estimating the external disturbances and the velocities of the AUV within the fixed convergence time. Based on the FTESO, the fixed‐time controller is proposed for reducing the tracking errors and improving robustness performance. Theoretical analysis is given, which shows that the unknown external disturbances can be compensated and tracking error can converge to zero within the fixed time. Simulation results show that the proposed FTESO controller not only guarantees the fixed‐time convergence but also reduces the trajectory tracking errors of the AUV.
Improved sampled data fuzzy controller for nonlinear system: The event‐triggered approach
Authors: Tan Lihua , Li Chuandong , He Xing , Huang Tingwen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper mainly focuses on the stability analysis and sampled data controller synthesis for nonlinear system represented by the Takagi–Sugeno (T‐S) fuzzy model. To avoid network congestion and save control resource, the event‐triggered communication strategy is applied. A novel fuzzy time‐dependent Lyapunov–Krosovskii functional (LKF) is proposed by compromising the fuzzy membership function and the sampling pattern; an improved stability criterion with less conservativeness and the sampled data controller synthesis manner are proposed with the help of the extended reciprocally convex inequality. Besides that, a collaborative algorithm to optimize the corresponding control variables of sampled data control gain and the event‐triggered communication mechanism is established. Finally, the practical applicability and validity as well as the advantage of the proposed method are illustrated in the simulation part.
Sliding mode control for underactuated system with input constraint based on RBF neural network and Hurwitz stability analysis
Authors: Ji Ning , Liu Jinkun 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe sliding mode control method is proposed for a class of underactuated systems with input constraint in this paper. The properties of hyperbolic tangent function are used to deal with input constraint. Furthermore, a radial basis function (RBF) neural network is adopted to achieve the approximation of the unknown function and the projection mapping operator is used to further guarantee the bounded approximation. The control law is designed by using the Lyapunov's direct method, and the stability is conducted by using Hurwitz stability analysis. In the simulation part, two examples are listed, including a simple underactuated system and an underactuated inverted pendulum system, which can all be transformed into the model style studied in this paper to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control law. At last, the conclusion is summarized.