bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Axial ocular dimensions and corneal astigmatism: The Kuala Pilah Cluster Cataract Study
Authors: Raman Puspha , Yusri Nur Hanis , Ahmed Daiyallah Syed Alsagoff , Sivagurunathan Premala Devi , Mohd Khalid Khairul Husnaini 
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The Kuala Pilah Cluster Project involves Kuala Pilah Hospital as the lead hospital and the Jempol Hospital and Tampin Hospital as the district hospitals, serving as a single entity to provide ophthalmology services to the local population.
Purpose: To evaluate the distribution of ocular biometric parameters and corneal astigmatism in patients presenting for cataract surgery within the Kuala Pilah Cluster Hospital System.
Study design and methods: A cross-sectional study conducted on 273 consecutive patients presented for cataract surgery between January and June 2017. Ocular biometry measurements, including axial length (AXL), lens thickness (LT), and anterior chamber depth (ACD) of each right eye were measured using immersion A-scan ultrasound. Keratometric (K) readings were obtained via auto keratometer.
Results: The mean values for AXL, ACD, and LT were 23.40 ± 0.90 mm, 3.17 ± 0.49 mm, and 4.45 ± 0.96 mm, respectively. The average K-reading was 44.40 ± 1.59 D, with a mean corneal astigmatism of 0.82 ± 0.62 D. In this population, the females have significantly shorter AXL and ACD, but steeper K compared to the males (P < 0.001). The local Malays have higher AXL and ACD values compared to the Chinese and Indians. A total of 35.5% patients exhibited a corneal astigmatism greater than 1 D. The magnitude of preoperative astigmatism positively correlated with age (P < 0.001).
Conclusions: Ocular dimensions vary with gender and race in cataract patients from the Kuala Pilah cluster population. The probability of a patient requiring astigmatic correction increases with age. The average profile of ocular biometric data and corneal astigmatism may help local ophthalmologists to predict intraocular lens selections prior to cataract outreach projects.
A five-year retrospective hospital-based study of endogenous endophthalmitis in south Malaysia
Authors: Muhd Hayatulrizal , Ling Kiet Phang , Vendargon Francesca Martina 
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To analyse the predisposing factors, microbial profiles, source of infection, and visual outcomes of endogenous endophthalmitis seen in Hospital Sultanah Aminah Johor Bahru (Johor, Malaysia).
Study design: Retrospective review.
Methods: The medical records of 15 patients, of which 19 eyes were diagnosed with endogenous endophthalmitis, admitted from January 2014 to December 2018 were retrospectively reviewed.
Results: The mean age was 55.9 ± 12.7 years (range: 31-78 years of age). There were four patients (26.7%) with bilateral involvement. Diabetes mellitus was the commonest risk factor in this study (odds ratio: 16; 95% confidence interval: 1.09-234.26). The most common source of infection was urosepsis (n = 3, 20%) followed by liver abscesses (n = 2, 13.3%), Klebsiella pneumoniae being the most common microorganism isolated (n = 4, 44.4%). Only 10.5% of eyes (n = 2) had a final Snellen visual acuity better than 6/60, while 47.4% of eyes (n = 9) had vision of no light perception.
Conclusion: In this study, Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common organism. Overall, endogenous endophthalmitis is associated with poor visual outcomes.
Evaluation of 18 artificial tears based on viscosity and pH
Authors: Che Arif Fatin Amalina , Hilmi Mohd Radzi , Mohd Kamal Khairidzan , Ithnin Mohd Hafidz 
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Different polymers used in artificial tear formulations influence their physical properties, such as viscosity and pH, hence affecting their bioavailability. There is limited data available from manufacturers specifying the physical properties of artificial tears, even though these data can contribute to their efficacyand effectiveness.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate 18 artificial tears available in the Malaysian market based on their physical properties.
Methodology: Viscosity and pH of 18 artificial tears were evaluated using rheometer and compact pH-meter, respectively, at standard room temperature (25°C). The amount of fluid used for both tests of each artificial tear was standardised using micropipette. The Kruskal-Wallis test was employed to compare the viscosity median between the three groups (low, medium, and high viscosity) of artificial tears, while the independent t-test was used to compare the pH between preservative and non-preservative artificial tears. A p-value of 0.05 was set as the level of significance.
Results: The mean viscosity for all 18 artificial tears was 12.05 cP ± 10.21 within a range of 0.55 cP to 34.49 cP. There was a significant difference observed in viscosity between low- (n = 7), median- (n = 8), and high- (n = 3) viscosity groups, χ2(2) = 14.474, p = 0.001. The mean pH for all 18 artificial tears was 7.21 ± 0.43, with a range of 6.19 to 7.85. pH for preservative artificial tears was slightly alkaline compared to non-preservative artificial tears (7.26 ± 0.47 vs 7.14 ± 0.38, respectively).
Conclusion: Rheological findings indicated that different formulations of artificial tears have different viscosities, with most artificial tears falling within the recommended values. There was no difference in terms of pH between preservative and non-preservative artificial tears.
Lamellar hole-associated epiretinal membrane in retinitis pigmentosa: a surgical correlation
Authors: Chin Cheau Wei , Ling Kiet Phang 
Published: January 2021

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a rare hereditary disease, yet it is the commonest cause of retinal dystrophy. Although lamellar hole-associated epiretinal membrane (LHEP) is commonly associated with macular holes, the development of macular holes in RP itself is rare. In this article, we report a rare case of bilateral LHEP in RP, and the surgical outcome of LHEP embedding and internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap in repairing a lamellar macular hole (LMH).
A 57-year-old woman who had RP with bilateral LHEP underwent a combination of cataract and vitrectomy surgery in her left eye. We preserved LHEP tissue and performed an ILM flap to avoid a iatrogenic full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) and facilitate LMH closure. Her right eye was monitored conservatively. At 2 weeks postoperative, the LMH in her left eye was anatomically repaired. There was limited improvement of visual acuity, which could be justified by disruption of the junction between the photoreceptors’ inner and outer segments (IS/OS junction) as evidenced by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).
The presence of LHEP in LMH is highly associated with disruption of the IS/OS junction and therefore patients should be counselled regarding guarded visual improvement post-vitrectomy. LHEP, which is derived from a Müller cell-driven process, is closely associated with LMH in RP, likely due to the progressive retinal tissue loss as a result from the disease nature of RP. Therefore, we suggest preserving LHEP tissue and performing an ILM flap as an improvised technique to avoid iatrogenic FTMH and facilitate LMH closure.
Espacios objetivos y subjetivos de la movilidad cotidiana urbana
Authors: Espinoza Nanjarí Jorge 
Published: January 2021

Se plantea la necesidad de generar modelos cartográficos orientados a la visualiza- ción de la movilidad cotidiana de la población de Santiago de Chile, que se enmarca dentro del paisaje subjetivo y personal que dicha movilidad define y condiciona, donde se puede evidenciar una estrecha vinculación con problemas urbanos que tienden a transformarse en endémicos, como lo son la congestión vehicular, la con- centración demográfica y por consiguiente, la disminución de la movilidad.
Para lograr este objetivo, es necesario poder contar con información proveniente de fuentes directas vinculadas íntimamente a los procesos cognitivos, perceptivos y valorativos que están enraizados en el ambiente de la subjetividad y cotidianeidad en que los habitantes urbanos toman sus decisiones de comportamiento espacial.
Catastro 3D: sistemas de referencia altimétrica para parcelas y objetos territoriales
Authors: Alfonso Erba Diego , Noguera Gustavo , Mangiaterra Aldo 
Published: January 2021

El presente trabajo describe los distintos sistemas existentes para referenciar las alturas de parcelas y objetos territoriales, y sus posibles aplicaciones en la estructu- ración de catastros 3D. Discute ventajas e inconvenientes en la utilización de cada uno de ellos para el posicionamiento en el espacio.
A lo largo del desarrollo se analizan las hipótesis en estudios de casos propios del catastro 3D, sin la pretensión de cubrir la totalidad de los mismos. La teoría desarrollada es aplicada para posicionar departamentos que forman parte de edifi- cios de viviendas privadas (parcelas 3D) y elementos de una obra vial (objetos territoriales 3D), mostrando las correlaciones entre los distintos sistemas de alturas.
A partir de los resultados es posible concluir que el elipsoide de revolución es la superficie más apropiada para referenciar las alturas de parcelas 3D y de la mayoría de los objetos territoriales 3D, siendo que para determinados objetos territoriales 3D puede ser necesario utilizar, además del elipsoide, una superficie equipotencial para referenciar sus alturas.
En relación a las precisiones requeridas para el posicionamiento y dimensiona- miento de las parcelas 3D y de los objetos 3D, se concluye que ambas deben ser analizadas cuidadosamente y definidas en la legislación catastral. No es posible fijar una única precisión para todos, puesto que estas deberán ajustarse a la función de cada objeto catastral.
Comparación del método de Thiessen con alternativas más simples mediante simulación de Monte Carlo
Authors: Guelfi Marcelo , López-Vázquez Carlos 
Published: January 2021

La estimación del valor esperado de una función sobre áreas geográficas es un problema que data de tiempo atrás. Hasta principios del siglo XX el método más común solía ser calcular la media aritmética de las medidas obtenidas en el campo, ignorando su posición geométrica. En 1911, Thiessen introdujo una nueva forma de cálculo que asignaba a cada punto de medición un peso relativo al área de influencia, que tenía en cuenta indirectamente la proximidad entre datos. En 1949, Quenouville crea, en otro contexto, el método de jackknife que se utiliza para estimar el sesgo y la desviación estándar. En 1979, Efron inventa el método de bootstrap que, entre otras cosas, es apropiado para estimar el valor esperado de una población así como su intervalo de confianza (IC). Si bien el método de Thiessen lleva usándose hace más de un siglo, no se han encontrado estudios sistemáticos que comparen su eficacia frente al método anterior ni frente a variantes posteriores como jackknife o bootstrap. Este trabajo consiste en comparar cuatro métodos para la estimación del valor esperado: el de la media aritmética, el de Thiessen, el aquí denominado jackknifed Thiessen y el de bootstrap. Todos ellos son aptos para aplicaciones repetitivas en una red de observación fija. La comparación se realizó mediante el Test de Friedman tras una simulación de Monte Carlo. Para los datos se consideran dos casos: uno analítico mediante el estudio de tres funciones arbitrarias, y otro experimental con datos de lluvia diaria medidos por satélite. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que el método Thiessen es el mejor estimador en prácticamente todos los casos con el 95% de nivel de confianza. Las últimas dos variantes tienen la virtud de suministrar un IC que se mostró adecuado, aunque jackknifed Thiessen resultó mucho más ajustado, abriendo así la puerta para
Los costos ocultos de la Cartografía
Authors: Lazo Pritsch José María 
Published: January 2021

La Información Geográfica de calidad y oportuna cada vez toma mayor importan- cia. Es imprescindible en todas las actividades de un país, jugando un rol esencial la Infraestructura de Datos Espaciales (IDE) al compartir esa información. Hay que generarla y mantenerla, pero también hay que financiarla; es común que se utilice un análisis Costo-Beneficio para tomar decisiones con respecto a la realización de proyectos de inversión en Información Geográfica, sin embargo hay algunos costos “ocultos” en la generación de los datos geográficos que generalmente no se tienen en cuenta en estos análisis, pero deberían serlos. Ellos son los llamados “Costo de Oportunidad” y el “Costo de la Mala Calidad”. El Costo de Oportunidad es el Valor de la mejor opción no realizada. Si no se hubiera decidido hacer el vuelo fotogra- métrico de 1966-1967, entonces, ¿cuál hubiera sido el impacto y cuánto el costo de oportunidad? En cambio los costos de la mala calidad correspondiente a fallos ex- ternos, son todos aquellos errores en que incurre el productor porque al cliente externo se le suministran productos o servicios inaceptables. Por errores en planos provistos por el Estado a una empresa constructora, hubo que pagar a esta última alrededor de 15 millones de dólares, que se podría haber evitado si se hubiera dis- puesto de cartografía de calidad y oportuna. Ambos costos pueden ser de utilidad para ayudar a la toma decisiones de inversión.
¿Estos costos ocultos, aislada o conjuntamente con un análisis Costo-Beneficio, podrán ser utilizados realmente para tomar decisiones de inversión en Información Geográfica?
¿Podrán estos costos, tanto el de la mala calidad así como el costo de oportunidad, ser de tal magnitud como para influir en esa decisión?
PERANAN MARKETING MIX TERHADAP KEPUASAN DAN LOYALITAS PELANGGAN SEPEDA MOTOR YAMAHA DI SURAKARTA
Authors: Herawati Nunuk , Sulistyowati Murni 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRAKTujuan Penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh Produk, Harga, Promosi, Tempat terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan Sepeda Motor Yamaha di Surakarta, menganalisis pengaruh Produk, Harga, Promosi, Tempat, dan Kepuasan Pelanggan terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan Sepeda Motor Yamaha di Surakarta.Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Pelanggan sepeda motor Yamaha yang melakukan pembelian lebih dari satu kali di Surakarta. Data berupa data primer melalui penyebaran kuesioner kepada pelanggan sepeda motor Yamaha .Data diuji menggunakan uji validitas, reliabilitas, analisa jalur, uji t, uji F, uji R2, Uji Korelasi. Secara parsial (uji t) : 1).Variabel Produk, Harga, Promosi, Tempat berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan Sepeda Motor Yamaha di Surakarta, 2).Variabel Produk, Harga, Promosi, Tempat, Kepuasan Pelanggan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan Sepeda Motor Yamaha di Surakarta. Variabel Produk, Harga, Promosi, Tempat, Kepuasan Pelanggan secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan Sepeda Motor Yamaha di Surakarta. Produk, Harga, Promosi, Tempat, Kepuasan Pelanggan mampu menjelaskan Loyalitas Pelanggan sebesar 69,5 % sisanya sebesar 30,9 % dijelaskan oleh variable lain di luar model seperti : ikatan emosi, Kepercayaan, Kemudahan transaksi, Pelayanan. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan Kepuasan Pelanggan dapat dijadikan sebagai variable intervening pada hubungan Produk,Harga dan Tempat terhadap Loyalitas pelanggan. Variabel Kepuasan Pelanggan tidak dapat dijadikan sebagai variable intervening pada hubungan Promosi terhadap Loyalitas pelanggan. Kata kunci : Marketing Mix, Kepuasan Pelanggan, Loyalitas Pelanggan
STRATEGI PEMASARAN DENGAN OPTIMALISASI PROMOSI, KELAS SOSIAL DAN CITRA MEREK UNTUK PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN KONSUMEN UNTUK BERBELANJA ONLINE (STUDI KASUS DI MATAHARIMALL.COM)
Authors: Mastuti Dian Nur , DKW Yuniatin Trisnawati 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Strategi Pemasaran dengan Optimalisasi Promosi, Kelas Sosial dan Citra Merk untuk Pengambilan Keputusan Konsumen untuk Berbelanja online (Studi Kasus di Mataharimall.com). Penelitian dilakukan pada konsumen mataharimall.com di kota Surakarta dengan sampel sebanyak 100 orang dengan metode purposive sampling dengan menggunakan kuesioner.Analisa Data menunjukkan hasil bahwa seluruh pertanyaan yang digunakan dalam kuesioner valid dan reliabel. Hasil uji asumsi klasik menunjukkan bahwa seluruh data normal, tidak terjadi heterokesdastisitas, tidak terjadi multikolineriaritas serta tidak terjadi autokorelasi. Hasil uji regresi berganda dan uji t menunjukkan bahwa Variabel promosi berpengaruh positif tidak signifikan terhadap keputusan, Kelas sosial berpengaruh negatif tidak signifikan terhadap keputusan, dan Citra Merk berpengaruh positif tidak signifikan terhadap keputusan. Hasil uji R2 menunjukkan hasil bahwa Promosi, Kelas sosial dan citra merk hanya mampu menjelaskan variabel Keputusan Konsumen untuk berbelanja online sebesar 8%, sedang sisanya dipengaruhi oleh variabel di luar penelitian. Kata kunci : Promosi, Kelas Sosial, Citra merk, Keputusan
Technology readiness of medical students and the association of technology readiness with specialty interest
Authors: MacNevin Wyatt , Poon Eric , Skinner Thomas 
Published: January 2021

Background: Technology readiness (TR) is a construct which characterizes an individual’s propensity to utilize new technology. Despite increased technology use in healthcare, limited data exists on medical student TR and the relation of TR with specialty interest. This study assesses the TR of 2nd year medical students and its association with specialty interest.
Methods: Respondents completed a survey assessing their most preferred specialty, specialty interests, and technology readiness using a 5-point Likert scale. Using Chi-square analysis, we examined the relation between demographics, TR, and specialty interest.
Results: This study obtained a 45.7% (n = 53/116) response rate demonstrating that 79.2% (n = 42/53) of students were “technology ready.” Male students were more likely to be technology ready (95.2%, n = 20/21, vs 68.8%, n = 22/32, p = 0.02) when compared to female students. Technology ready students were associated with being more interested in “Technology-Focused” specialties compared to students who were not technology ready (88.5%, n = 23/26 vs 70.4%, n = 19/27, p = 0.104).
Conclusions: As a cohort, most medical students were technology ready. It is inconclusive if technology ready students are more likely to be interested in technology-focused specialties due to the limited sample size of this study, although with an increased sample size, an improved understanding on technology readiness and its potential impact on student specialty interest may be obtained. Furthermore, knowledge of TR may aid in developing targeted technology-based education programs and in improving remedial approaches for students who are less comfortable with new technology.
PELATIHAN PENULISAAN PENELITIAN TINDAKAN KELAS (PTK) PADA GURU SDN CIBITUNG KULON 01 BOGOR
Authors: Yudha Chrisnaji Banindra , Rahmad Ilmi Noor 
Published: January 2021

Education has the core of the interaction between educators and students in helping students master educational goals. Educational interactions can take place in the family, school, and community environment, which will support students to develop their educational experience. Classroom action research is described as an effort to examine the learning activities of students by carrying out a planned action by the teacher and analyzing the effect of actions to improve and improve the quality of learning. The activity method used in community service activities is (1) lectures, used by the service team to convey the principles of classroom action research, classroom action research procedures, implementation of classroom action research, and procedures for writing classroom action research reports. The lecture was supported by the use of laptops and LCDs to display service materials for a limited time. (2) Demonstration, used by the service team in the hope that participants can start practicing problem formulation in the learning process that can be solved through classroom action research, class action research proposal design, to writing class action research reports. The conclusion of this community service, namely (1) the community service activities carried out by the Research Team for the Primary School Teacher Education Department with the lecture and demonstration method have been able to improve the understanding of teachers of SDN Cibitung Kulon 01 Bogor about classroom action research and it is hoped that the teacher can simultaneously write the report, (2) writing reports Classroom action research is expected as an effort to develop the profession and at the same time assist teachers in achieving the credit score required for promotion.
The visual and semantic features that predict object memory: Concept property norms for 1,000 object images
Authors: Hovhannisyan Mariam , Clarke Alex , Geib Benjamin R. , Cicchinelli Rosalie , Monge Zachary , Worth Tory , Szymanski Amanda , Cabeza Roberto , Davis Simon W. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHumans have a remarkable fidelity for visual long-term memory, and yet the composition of these memories is a longstanding debate in cognitive psychology. While much of the work on long-term memory has focused on processes associated with successful encoding and retrieval, more recent work on visual object recognition has developed a focus on the memorability of specific visual stimuli. Such work is engendering a view of object representation as a hierarchical movement from low-level visual representations to higher level categorical organization of conceptual representations. However, studies on object recognition often fail to account for how these high- and low-level features interact to promote distinct forms of memory. Here, we use both visual and semantic factors to investigate their relative contributions to two different forms of memory of everyday objects. We first collected normative visual and semantic feature information on 1,000 object images. We then conducted a memory study where we presented these same images during encoding (picture target) on Day 1, and then either a Lexical (lexical cue) or Visual (picture cue) memory test on Day 2. Our findings indicate that: (1) higher level visual factors (via DNNs) and semantic factors (via feature-based statistics) make independent contributions to object memory, (2) semantic information contributes to both true and false memory performance, and (3) factors that predict object memory depend on the type of memory being tested. These findings help to provide a more complete picture of what factors influence object memorability. These data are available online upon publication as a public resource.