bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of generation status of white-breasted starling (Acridotheres melanopterus) population based on cranial measurements
Authors: Samsudewa D. , Lestari D. A. , Pertiwi M. A. , Akbar F. A. , Lestari P. , Suselowati T. , Pratiwi S. , Priyanto A. , Abdillah S. , Hanifah N. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the generation status of White-breasted Starling based on cranial measurements. The research was done on July 2018 in Kudus and Klaten regencies. Forty four males and 43 females of mature White-breasted Starling. Vernier callipers and recording form of White-breasted Starling were used in this research. Length and wide of head White-breasted Starling were used as variable. The results of measurement were compared with generation status. Descriptive, correlation and regression analysis were used in this research. The result of the research showed highly strong correlation (r = 0.92) for generation status and head wide of male bird; strong correlation (r = 0.70) for generation status and head length of male bird; highly strong correlation (r = 0.88) for generation status and head wide of female bird and Strong correlation (r = 0.74) for generation status head length of female bird. The regression equation was shown between head wide and length as dependent variable and generation status as independent variable of male and female White-breasted Starling, respectively. In conclusion the generation status of White-breasted Starling can be determine based on craniometri. Head wide is the best parameter of craniomateri for determination of generation status.
Feeding microparticle protein sources composed-diet with addition of natural additive to produce clean product of broiler for consumer health friendly
Authors: Suthama N , Sukamto B , Mangisah I , Krismiyanto L 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Evaluation of feeding diet composed of microparticle protein source added with inulin of chicory root and Lactobacillus acidophilus on intestinal bacteria population, protein digestibility, and performance of broiler was the purpose of the present study. Experimental animals were 248 birds of day old broiler with body weight of 48.2±0.50g (240 birds for the main experiment, and 8 birds for endogenous correction). Feed composed of microparticle protein source added with inulin of chicory and Lactobacillus acidophilus at 1.2%, respectively. A completely randomized design with five treatments and six replications (8 birds each) was set in the present study. Treatments tested were R0: diet with 20% intact protein (control); R1: diet with 18% microparticle protein, R2: R1 + 1.2% inulin of chicory; R3: R1 + 1.2% Lactobacillus acidophilus; and R4: R1 + 1.2% Lactobacillus acidophilus + 1.2% inulin of chicory. Total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and coliform, protein digestibility, and broiler performances (muscle protein mass, feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG), and feed conversion (FCR) were the parameters observed. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and continued to Duncan test at 5% probability level. LAB population significantly (P<0.05) increased, and in contrast, coliform count and FCR significantly (P<0.05) decreased in R2, R3 and R4. Protein digestibility and BWG improved in R3 and R4, but FI enhanced only in R4. In conclusion, feed composed of microparticle protein sources with addition of either chicory inulin or Lactobacillus acidophilus at 1.2%, respectively, increase total LAB, protein digestibility and growth performances of broilers. The combination of both additives have more profound effect on productivity and produce a healthy meat product indicated by high muscle protein mass derived from host animal with low pathogen.
Atmospheric ammonia changes on different zone placement from the closed house inlet affecting broiler chicken performance in the rainy season
Authors: Huda Nur Kharis Fatkhul , Sarjana Teysar Adi , Suprijatna Edjeng 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe applied study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different zone placements within the closed house on the performance of broilers during the rainy season. The treatments applied were as follows: zone 1 = chickens placed next to the inlet, zone 2 = chickens placed in¼length of the cage from the inlet, zone 3 = chickens placed in ½ length of the cage from the inlet, and zone 4 = chickens placed in ¾ length of the cage from the inlet. Change of macroclimate outside the closed house, microclimate, and atmospheric ammonia inside the closed house were observed in each zone. The parameters observed were feed consumption, body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), performance index (PI), and income over feed cost (IOFC). Data were subjected to analysis of variance. Correlation analysis between heat stress index (HSI) or atmospheric ammonia on broiler performance was carried out. The results showed that a further distance of zone placement from the inlet is indicated by microclimate changes and an increasing average of atmospheric ammonia. There were significant decreases in feed consumption, BWG, PI, and IOFC start from the 2ndzone. FCR was significantly increased in the 3rdzone (P≤0.05). The increase of atmospheric ammonia at the further zone placement from the inlet negatively correlated, strong and significant with performance, while the HSI did not correlate strongly. In conclusion, the further zone placement from the inlet increased atmospheric ammonia and decreased broiler chicken performance in the rainy season.
Mutant promising lines of black-seeded soybean for soy sauce preparation
Authors: Ginting E. , Tarmizi  
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Mutation through radiation can be used in soybean breeding to generate the plant genetic variability. Some mutant promising lines of black-seeded soybean have been selected, namely PA-3-PSJ, A-5-PSJ, A-7-PSJ, and B-4-PAIR and it is essential to study their quality for soy sauce preparation. Detam 1 and Mutiara 3 were used as variety checks. The results showed that all soybean lines belonged to large-seeded with the largest seed obtained in A-7-PSJ line (17.41g/100-grain), while Detam 1 and Mutiara 3 had smaller seed sizes than those of four lines. Conversely, both varieties had the highest protein contents (38.56-39.36% dw), followed by A-7-PSJ (37.79% dw), whereas the rest had lower contents. A considerable increase in protein content was observed in the koji, which about 88% to 93% existed as soluble protein. The protein contents of soy sauce were slightly different, ranging from 2.35% to 2.57% (dw). Detam 1 showed the highest score for color, aroma, taste and viscosity of soy sauce preferences, followed by B-4-PAIR and Mutiara 3 that had the same score and A-7-PSJ, which also gave the highest protein content and had the largest seed size. This suggests that B-4-PAIR and A-7-PSJ lines are promising for ingredients of soy sauce.
The effect of types and concentration of fillers on the quality of whey protein products
Authors: Budiyanto A , Usmiati S , Ismail M R N , Batubara S C , Sulistiyani T R 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWhey is a liquid residual from cheese production with high protein content. The high protein content causes whey to be used in the formulation of functional ingredients for food and beverage products. such as formula milk, sports supplements, and pharmaceuticals. The goal of the study was to determine the effect of types and fillers concentration on the quality of whey protein products using a spray dryer. The study involved the optimization of types and concentrations of different fillers on whey protein production and quality analysis by chemical and organoleptic tests. This study used a randomized block design with two factors. Factors A (type of filler) and B (concentration of filler) consisted of three levels, with two replications. Factor A was A1 = maltodextrin, A2 = pectin, and A3 = gum arabic, while factor B was B1 = 1%, B2 = 1.5% and B3 = 2%. Maltodextrin, pectin, and gum Arabic at 1% concentration resulted in the best whey protein through the spray drying process. Organoleptic test results with hedonic and hedonic quality obtained optimum results in the treatment of 1% maltodextrin filler. Therefore 1% maltodextrin could be applied in the whey protein production. Meanwhile, the analysis of chemical quality showed that the content of water, ash, protein, fat, and carbohydrates were 4.4%; 7.76%; 11.23%; 3.58%, and 73.82%, respectively.
Implementing sustainably agricultural system to accelerate food sovereignty after covid-19 through farmers’ participation
Authors: Sumekar Wulan , Sumarsono  , Prasetyo Agus Subhan , Prayoga Kadhung 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Sustainably agricultural systems emphasizing economy and ecology might become basic principles in accelerating food sovereignty. In its implementation, farmers’ participation, as the main actors, is essential; however, the wide-ranging characteristic of farmers determines their involvement. The research aimed to analyze the degree of farmers’ participation and the influence of farmers’ characteristics on farmers’ participation level in implementing a sustainably agricultural system. The study analyzed 65 farmers practicing sustainably agricultural systems through the implementation of agricultural farming systems of dairy cows and horticulture in Getasan Sub-district, Semarang District, Central Java Province. This research employed a descriptive analysis and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that most of the farmers were categorized as productive although they belonged to socially and economically low. The number of farmers admitted that implementing a sustainably agricultural system increased, remained stable, and decreased dairy cow production by 47.70 %, 26.15%, and 26.15%, respectively, and in horticulture by 40.00%, 24.62%, and 35.38%, respectively. The level of farmers’ participation at the implementation stage was medium, while at the planning and evaluation stages were low. Experiences in doing farming (P<0.01) and farm production (P<0.05) significantly and positively influenced farmers’ participation, while land tenure negatively (P<0.10) influenced farmers’ participation.
Employee performance to support work productivity: a Pls approach in agro-input suppliers company
Authors: Taufan Andri R , Yuswita Effy , Haryati Novi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze the performance of employees in supporting the productivity of PT Petrokimia Kayaku Gresik. In this study, there are three variables, namely independent variables, work motivation, job training and leadership style variables, two dependent variables, namely employee performance and productivity. The method used is Sem-Pls and uses the Warp PLS 7.0 software, while the measuring instrument in this study uses a Likert measuring instrument starting from the smallest 1 to 5 of the largest. The things examined in this study are the direct influence, or without using the mediating variable (intervening) and the indirect effect or without using the mediating variable, the mediating variable in this study is employee performance. The results in this study are employee work motivation, employee job training and the response of a positive and significant leadership style to the performance of PT. Petrokimia Kayaku Gresik employees. The third variable is a variable from the company and has a significant positive effect on productivity.
Food sharing through ICT (Information and Communication Technology) or better food accessibility and preventing food waste as basic for drafting food sovereignty’s strategy
Authors: Wastutiningsih S P , Aulia D 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The idea of food sovereignty is rooted in efforts to protect the food economy from external pressures and promote domestic food stability including ensuring agricultural actor’s welfare. While, the social community called Gifood is struggling based on concerns that low public access to food and food waste may seem far from these issues, but the authors believe that the ideas associated with food sovereignty will lead to the construction of comprehensive food sovereignty’s strategy. This paper aimed to show 1) how ICT mediated initiatives for food sharing can support better food access and reduce food waste by Gifood, and 2) the potential of Gifood as a medium of distribution of agricultural products from local farmers in Yogyakarta. This qualitative study used virtual ethnography for a year of observation and in-depth interviews with eight informants. This research founded that through Gifood ICT program could prevent paradox among hunger and food waste through food sharing platforms, increasing food respect through the creative campaign, and having strong potential for the distribution of local products. Based on the results, the authors suggested considering the issue of food waste as a strategy in reframing food sovereignty and collaborating with Gifood and other social communities
Design of China Railway Going Global Scheme
Authors: Jin Jing 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Chinese government put forward with “Belt and Road Initiative” in 2013, which prioritized infrastructure connectivity among countries along “Belt and Road” and gave a systematic framework for railway going global. This paper briefing on current system of world high-speed railway market with induction method, through quantifying planned railway length in different regions, divides international high-speed railway projects into four sub-systems, namely strategic railway projects, demonstration railway project, assistance railway projects and commercial railway projects, listing the features and proposes schemes for participating in international railway projects under different sub-systems. The research focuses on category-based international railway projects, and applies top-level design method for the Chinese enterprises to involve in international railway projects, which is of theoretical and applied significance for decision-making for going global.
Empirical Analysis on Influencing Factors of Traffic Casualties in China
Authors: Sun Lilu , Zhang Jiamin , feng Yu , Chen Mengwei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In order to further explore the complex correlation between the influencing factors of road traffic accidents in China, this paper takes the road traffic safety-related data of 31 provinces from 2004 to 2018 as the sample data, selects five index data that may affect the occurrence of traffic accidents in various regions of the country, i.e. resident population, urban population, population density, GDP and number of car drivers, and uses Eviews software for stepwise regression analysis to establish a fixed effect model of the influencing factors of traffic accidents and analyze the macro and micro factors that affect the death toll of traffic accidents in China. The model shows that each index has a significant impact on the number of road traffic casualties. Urban population, population density and number of car drivers are positively correlated with the number of road traffic casualties. The resident population and GDP are negatively correlated with the number of road traffic casualties. According to the research conclusions, this paper puts forward some suggestions, such as optimizing the management technology of road traffic construction, strengthening the education system of traffic safety awareness of residents in the new urbanization, increasing the investment in traffic construction, and establishing an institution for differentiated training and management of drivers based on driving experience.
Symmetries in porous flows: recursive solutions of the Brinkman equation in polygonal ducts
Authors: Das Arijit , Goswami Sanchari , Bhattacharyya Saugata 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we solve the Brinkman equation for unidirectional, steady, incompressible and Newtonian flow through a duct of uniform cross-section in the shape of a regular N-gon under no-slip boundary condition on the surface of the duct in the absence of applied forces. We calculate solutions for small values of N and by analysing them we devise a recursive scheme of generating solutions for all

N
≥
3

. We obtain approximate expressions for the vortex lines for all values of N by applying a trigonometric perturbation on circular vortex lines and graphically compare them with exact vortex lines. We also graphically compare both exact and approximate vortex lines with Schwarz-Christoffel transformation.
Deep learning techniques applied to super-resolution chemistry transport modeling for operational uses
Authors: Bessagnet B , Beauchamp M , Menut L , Fablet R , Pisoni E , Thunis P 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Air quality modeling tools are largely used to assess air pollution mitigation and monitoring strategies. While neural networks (NN) were mostly developed based on observations to derive statistical models at stations, the use of Eulerian chemistry transport models (CTMs) was mainly devoted to air quality predictions over large areas and the evaluation of emission reduction strategies. In this study, we investigate deep learning architectures to create a metamodel of the process oriented CTM CHIMERE and significantly reduce the computing times required for super-resolution simulations. The key point is the selection of input variables and the way to implement them in the NN. We perform a quantitative evaluation of the proposed approaches on a real case-study. The best NN architecture displays very good performances in terms of prediction of pollutant concentrations observed at stations with respect to the raw super-resolution CHIMERE simulation, with a correlation coefficient above 0.95. The best NN is also able to display better performances when compared to observations than the raw high resolution simulation. Currently the model is designed to be used for air quality forecasting and requires improvement for the definition of air quality management strategies.
Spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity and its association with age, sex, obesity indices and hypertension: a population study
Authors: Man Tengfei , Tegegne Balewgizie S , van Roon Arie M , Rosmalen Judith G M , Nolte Ilja M , Snieder Harold , Riese Harriëtte 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Low baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) was an established risk factor for cardiovascular disorders. We investigated determinants of BRS in a large sample from general population.

METHODS
In a population-based study (n = 901), data were collected on BRS, arm cuff blood pressure (BP), and obesity indices including body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, waist circumference, and percentage body fat (%BF). BRS was calculated by spectral analysis software based on continuously recorded spontaneous fluctuations in beat-to-beat finger BP for 10–15 minutes. Correlations and multivariable regression analyses were used to test associations of age, sex, obesity indices, and hypertension with BRS while considering effects of lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity).

RESULTS
In multivariable analysis, age, sex, %BF, and hypertension were independently associated with BRS. BRS decreased with −0.10 (95% confidence interval: −0.15 to −0.06) ms/mm Hg with each year of increase in age. Women had −1.55 (95% confidence interval: −2.28 to −0.73) ms/mm Hg lower mean BRS than men. The effects of %BF (per 10% increase) and hypertension on BRS were −0.55 (95% confidence interval: −0.97 to −0.13) ms/mm Hg and −1.23 (95% confidence interval: −1.92 to −0.46) ms/mm Hg, respectively. There was no evidence of associations between BRS and lifestyle factors. Age, age2, sex, and their interactions plus %BF and hypertension contributed 16.9% of total variance of BRS.

CONCLUSIONS
In this large general population study, we confirmed prior findings that age and sex were important factors associated with BRS and found %BF was more strongly related to less favorable BRS levels than body mass index.
Intravenous fosfomycin as salvage therapy for osteomyelitis caused by multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Wong Maggie , Wong Davie , Malhotra Sangita 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Purpose
A case of osteomyelitis caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa is reported.

Summary
An 84-year-old Caucasian male with an underlying history of type 2 diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, and coronary artery disease had chronic nonhealing wounds on his right foot. Wound care and a course of intravenous (IV) ertapenem with oral ciprofloxacin were ineffective. His initial wound culture grew Staphylococcus aureus, group G streptococcus and P. aeruginosa; the Pseudomonas was susceptible to multiple agents. The patient eventually required midtarsal amputation and angioplasties to his right leg. Twenty days after the operation, 2 openings were discovered at the surgical site, 1 of which was probed to the bone. He was readmitted 5 weeks after the operation. A repeat wound swab grew MDR P. aeruginosa and Finegoldia magna. The Pseudomonas was susceptible to gentamicin and colistin. The patient had revision of the infected amputation site with the goal of salvaging his right lower limb. The patient developed acute renal failure after 26 days of IV gentamicin, IV ceftriaxone, and oral metronidazole. Additional susceptibility testing was performed to identify alternatives. The bacteria were considered susceptible to IV fosfomycin, the last resort, by our microbiology laboratory. This was combined with ceftolozane/tazobactam followed by meropenem to treat the residual infection. After 2 weeks of IV fosfomycin, the patient’s wound improved and further amputation was avoided.

Conclusion
Our case demonstrates that IV fosfomycin may provide an effective salvage therapy when combined with β-lactams for the treatment of severe diabetic foot infection or osteomyelitis caused by MDR P. aeruginosa.
Allele mining in diverse accessions of tropical grasses to improve forage quality and reduce environmental impact
Authors: Hanley Steve J , Pellny Till K , de Vega Jose J , Castiblanco Valheeria , Arango Jacobo , Eastmond Peter J , Heslop-Harrison J S (Pat) , Mitchell Rowan A C 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background and Aims
The C4Urochloa species (syn. Brachiaria) and Megathyrsus maximus (syn. Panicum maximum) are used as pasture for cattle across vast areas in tropical agriculture systems in Africa and South America. A key target for variety improvement is forage quality: enhanced digestibility could decrease the amount of land required per unit production, and enhanced lipid content could decrease methane emissions from cattle. For these traits, loss-of-function (LOF) alleles in known gene targets are predicted to improve them, making a reverse genetics approach of allele mining feasible. We therefore set out to look for such alleles in diverse accessions of Urochloa species and Megathyrsus maximus from the genebank collection held at the CIAT.

Methods
We studied allelic diversity of 20 target genes (11 for digestibility, nine for lipid content) in 104 accessions selected to represent genetic diversity and ploidy levels of U. brizantha, U. decumbens, U. humidicola, U. ruziziensis and M. maximum. We used RNA sequencing and then bait capture DNA sequencing to improve gene models in a U. ruziziensis reference genome to assign polymorphisms with high confidence.

Key Results
We found 953 non-synonymous polymorphisms across all genes and accessions; within these, we identified seven putative LOF alleles with high confidence, including those in the non-redundant SDP1 and BAHD01 genes present in diploid and tetraploid accessions. These LOF alleles could respectively confer increased lipid content and digestibility if incorporated into a breeding programme.

Conclusions
We demonstrated a novel, effective approach to allele discovery in diverse accessions using a draft reference genome from a single species. We used this to find gene variants in a collection of tropical grasses that could help reduce the environmental impact of cattle production.