bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Le risque d’exclusivité imaginaire des adolescents hyperconnectés aux sites sectaires
Authors: Kaluaratchige Elizabeth 
Published: June 2021

Cette étude sur les adolescents captés par les sites sectaires est fondée sur les expériences cliniques psychanalytiques. L’Internet, par la triple connexion : image, son et écrit, contrairement aux autres médias tels que la presse, la radio ou la télévision, fournit aux sites sectaires les outils technologiques pour captiver l’attention de l’adolescent. Le détenteur du site présente un idéal nocif et déroutant pour manipuler l’identification de l’adolescent. Dans l’isolement virtuel répétitif, il pourra facilement déraciner l’adolescent de son ordre symbolique et l’enfermer dans une servitude imaginaire régressive et dangereuse. Dans cette configuration clinique, ce n’est pas l’imaginaire seul qui cause le désastre, c’est aussi le défaut de la fonction de l’adulte comme témoin du langage. La prise en charge d’un adolescent capté par les sites virtuels sectaires passerait alors par la consolidation et la réactualisation de cette fonction afin d’inciter l’adolescent à cogiter , penser, raisonner et désirer, dans le champ virtuel mais visant sa vie symbolique dans la réalité.
A Survey on Arrival Passenger Satisfaction Factors of Bandaranaike International Airport Services
Authors: Silva O. S. A. , Wanniarachchi S. S. 
Published: June 2021

Airport industry has been a vast area which has been growing each second to cater to the demand of the passengers who have been arriving and departing through worldwide distributed airports for various types of purposes. This research had carried out to find out the Arrival Passenger Satisfaction of Bandaranaike International Airport Services. The passenger has been the king in the airport industry who can make a business success or a failure. To provide quality services as required by the passengers, airports should be following up on the modified strategies and amended policies. Because of an airport has been the entrance to the country which has been needed to be attracting new investments towards the country to build up the economy. BIA has been like our heart and it needs to perform well to keep the body alive A questionnaire had designed with 41 variables and a questionnaire survey had conducted. The target sample has been Bandaranaike International Airport users, although the sample size had 300, there had only 263 valid responses. Simple random sampling had used in this study and SPSS had used to analyze the data. The factors will be covered up as the independent variables and the dependent variable has been the passenger preference on BIA. Frequencies test will be run to all variables and for the demographic factors. A factor analysis had carried out to reduce the number of variables and grouping factors which have the same characteristics. Once this had completed the 41 variables had reduced to 9 variables. A hypothesis testing will determine the independent and dependents variables for the passenger satisfaction as well as a factor analysis model will be illustrated to identify the relationships between variables and demographic factors, correlations and reliability of the factors. Finally, the research findings had discussed, and recommendations had made. The basis of recommendations had to focus on customer service and comfortability to have an efficient and effective BIA service system.
Impact of cleft lip and palate before and after treatment in a low-income population
Authors: Markus Anthony , Reddy Srinivas Gosla , Reddy Rajgopal R , Karkar Monal 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Individuals with cleft lip and palate (CLP) and other craniofacial deformities are often perceived negatively in various social circumstances, resulting in failure to achieve full socio economic potential.

Aim of the study:
This study aimed to identify social stigmata and their causes associated with CLP and other deformities in an Indian population from a low socio-economic background, ways to reduce such effects and the potential reduction of disability following surgery.

Methods:
To assess the general awareness of the patients and their families regarding clefts, A GSR Institute: Cleft-Awareness Questionnaire (Reddy SG et al 2018) was used for data collection. 100 consecutive patients treated in GSR Institute for Craniofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery in Hyderabad, Telangana, were invited to join the study Statistical analysis regarding consanguineous marriage, understanding of clefts by parents and members of their community and of their societal conditions and the impact before and after surgery was carried out.

Results:
Statistical analysis using chi-squared test regarding the frequency of consanguineous marriage revealed no significant difference between the expected and observed frequencies in Telangana whereas there was a significant difference (p<0.001) between the values in India and also for understanding of clefts by parents (p<0.001) and friends/neighbours (p<0.001). On Kruskall-Wallis test and Pearson Chi-Squared Goodness of Fit test, no significance was observed on social conditions and associated problems faced by child before and after surgery respectively.

Conclusion:
These results confirm the impact of social stigmata in an Indian population with CLP and other craniofacial deformities predominantly related to the lack of education due to low socio-economic background and a heightened sense of superstitions of family, friends/neighbours of the affected individual thereby, causing embarrassment and depression. However, these were alleviated by surgical intervention and adequate speech therapy, thereby, improving social acceptance.
Protective effect of crude polysaccharide from Pao-TianXiong derived from monkshood, against chronic renal failure in mice
Authors: Wang Lin , Fan Runyong , Geng Funeng , Gao Yongxiang , Huang Qinwan 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To investigate the effect of crude polysaccharide isolated from pao-tian-xiong on chronic renal failure in mice, and its monosaccharide composition.
Methods: Male Kunming mice were orally treated with adenine (211.5 mg/kg/day) for 7 days, followed by either crude polysaccharides (125, 250 or 500 mg/kg), or positive drug solution (jinguishenqi pill, 2000 mg/kg) for another 7 days (each group had 15 mice). Mice in normal and negative control groups were given saline. Mental and physical states, blood urine nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr), kidney morphological changes and organ indices were determined. Histopathological examination of spleen and kidney tissues was also performed. The monosaccharide composition of crude polysaccharide was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
Results: Compared with negative control group, serum BUN (6.71 mmol/L vs. 8.61 mmol/L) and Cr (107.74 vs. 113.39 μmol/L) were significantly decreased by the crude polysaccharide isolate (p < 0.05), whereas epididymis index (0.2556 vs. 0.2135 %) and seminal vesicle index (0.5547 vs. 0.3945 %) were increased (p < 0.05). Histopathological examination showed that injuries to kidney, spleen, testis and epididymis decreased significantly. The crude polysaccharides contained mainly glucose, rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, mannose, galacturonic acid, glucuronic acid and xylose, and their contents ranged from 0.7 to 65 %.
Conclusion: These results suggest that the crude polysaccharides of Pao-tian-xiong ameliorates CRF symptoms in mice, thereby providing experimental evidence in support of its use as an anti-CRF drug.
Celastrus orbiculatus Celastraceae Thunb extracts inhibit proliferation and migration of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells by blocking NF-κB pathway
Authors: Hou Deqiang , Bai Ning , Wei Zicheng , Li Bang , Tang Genxiong , Gao Yufeng 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To investigate the mechanism of action of Celastrus orbiculatus extract (COE) on oral squamous carcinoma cells.
Methods: Tca8113 cells were divided into negative control and three COE treatment groups, viz, 20, 40, and 80 μg/mL of COE. Succinate dehydrogenase activity assay (MTT assay) and flow cytometry were used to assess cell proliferation and apoptosis. Cell migration and invasion were assessed by Transwell chamber and wound healing assays while relative protein expression was determined by Western blot.
Results: As the concentration of COE increased, the number of cells arrested in the G0/G1 phase increased (p < 0.05), expressions of cell-cycle-related proteins decreased (p < 0.001); the number of apoptotic cells increased (p < 0.001), and the rates of cell migration and invasion decreased (p < 0.001). Exogenous COE significantly inhibited p-IκBα accumulation in the cytoplasm and induced IκBα accumulation. Nuclear p65 recruitment was reduced in cells treated with COE compared to untreated control cells (p < 0.001), suggesting that the classical NF-κB pathway was blocked by COE.
Conclusion: These results demonstrate that COE inhibits the proliferation and migration of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells while promoting apoptosis by blocking NF-κB pathway. These findings suggest that Celastrus orbiculatus extract possesses a potential therapeutic effect on oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Anti-asthmatic effect of laurotetanine extracted from Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers. root on ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma rats, and elucidation of its mechanism of action
Authors: Xing Xinxin , Wang Hai 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To investigate the anti-asthmatic effect of laurotetanine on allergic asthma rat model.
Methods: Laurotetanine was extracted from the roots of Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers. Asthma was induced in rats by ovalbumin injection. Laurotetanine (20, 40, or 60 mg/kg) was administered orally to the rats for 21 days. Inflammatory cells and cytokines released by T-cell subsets Th1 and Th2 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were determined. Serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and histamine, in addition to expression of mucin 5AC (MUC-5AC), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and an inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB) in lung tissues were also evaluated.
Results: Laurotetanine treatment (20, 40, 60 mg/kg) significantly reduced inflammatory cells, including eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and macrophages in treated rats compared with control animals (p < 0.01). Inflammatory cytokines, viz, interleukin (IL) -4, IL-6, IL-13 were also significantly (p < 0.01) decreased by laurotetanine treatment (20, 40, 60 mg/kg), whereas interferon gamma (IFN-γ) was increased (p < 0.01). Serum IgE and histamine were significantly reduced (p < 0.01) by laurotetanine (20, 40, 60 mg/kg). Furthermore, MUC5AC expression in lung tissues was significantly (p < 0.01) downregulated by laurotetanine (20, 40, and 60 mg/kg, but NF-κB and IκB were significantly (p < 0.01) upregulated by laurotetanine (20, 40, and 60 mg/kg).
Conclusion: Laurotetanine exerts an anti-asthmatic effect in rats by inhibition of IgE, histamine, and inflammatory reactions via down-regulating MUC5AC and NF-κB signaling pathways. This finding justifies the need for further development of laurotetanine as a potential anti-asthmatic drug.
Analysis of degree of errors in handwritten medication prescriptions in Rafha, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Raja Maria Abdul Ghafoor , Aljuraisy Manal Naif , Alotaibi Nawaf Mohamed , Amjad Muhammad Wahab 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To assess the prevalence of handwritten prescription errors in Rafha Central Hospital in Saudi Arabia, and to determine the most predominant type of prescription error.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on randomly selected samples of hand-written prescriptions in out-patient and in-patient pharmacies of Rafha Central Hospital over a five-month period (October 2016 to February 2017). A data collection sheet specially designed for this purpose was used to collect relevant information. The collected prescriptions were analyzed for the presence of prescription errors based on prescription parameters defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) and current guidelines published in British National Formulary (BNF). Descriptive statistics and Microsoft Office were used for processing and analyzing the data collected.
Results: Overall, 1019 prescription errors were identified. More than half of the total errors (610; 60 %) were associated with missing patient's information. Moreover, the parameters related to drug and prescriber information were absent in 204 (20 %) and 5 (0.4 %) prescriptions, respectively. In addition, 200 (19 %) miscellaneous errors related to date, legible handwriting and directions for patients were identified.
Conclusion: This study discovered errors in hand-written prescriptions. A majority of the prescriptions did not adhere to accepted guidelines. The most common errors are absence of generic names of drugs, non-indication of duration of therapy or prescriber’s contact address, and absence of patient’s weight. Moreover, illegible handwriting was obvious in a substantial number of prescriptions.
Interaction between green tea and perindopril reduces inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme activity
Authors: Fauzi Norsyahida Mohd , Kumolosasi Endang , Jasamai Malina , Azmi Norazrina 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To investigate the blood pressure-lowering effect of green tea (GT) extract alone and in combination with an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, perindopril, on rats.
Methods: The study consisted of four groups of five spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR): negative control (2 % tragacanth mucilage), positive control group (perindopril, 0.36 mg/kg/day) and two treatment groups (green tea, 25 mg/kg/day; and combined green tea/perindopril). The treatments were given orally for 14 days. Systolic blood pressure was measured before and after treatment using the tail cuff technique. Angiotensin converting enzyme activity in the lung homogenate of the hypertensive rats was determined spectrophotometrically.
Results: Green tea extract significantly reduced the rats’ systolic blood pressure (p < 0.05) but did not inhibit the angiotensin-converting enzyme. The combination of green tea extract with perindopril also caused a significant decline in blood pressure (p < 0.001). However, the green tea extract attenuated the inhibition of the angiotensin-converting enzyme activity by perindopril.
Conclusion: Green tea extract produces anti-hypertensive activity in rats, but its mechanism of action is not via inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme. The interaction of GT extract with perindopril results in a reduction of ACE inhibitory activity.
Notoginsenoside R1 improves monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension via modulation NF-κB signaling in rats
Authors: Feng Yinglu , Hu Na , Tang Min , Yao Shanglong 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To investigate the potentials of notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1) in ameliorating inflammation and pulmonary vascular remodeling in rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) induced by monocrotaline (MCT), and to examine the mechanisms underlying such effects.
Methods: Eight-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into groups: control, MCT, MCT+5mg/kg NGR1, MCT+12.5mg/kg NGR1, and MCT + 25 mg/kg NGR1. Right cardiac catheterization was used to measure pulmonary hemodynamics. Pulmonary morphology was evaluated with the aid of H & E staining. Serum levels of inflammatory cytokines were measured using ELISA, while levels of inflammation-associated factors in the lung were measured using RT-PCR. NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) and IκBα (nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells inhibitor, alpha) protein levels were determined by western blot.
Results: Pulmonary hemodynamics and pulmonary morphology worsened following MCT injection and were accompanied by NF-κB pathway activation and elevated levels of inflammation-associated factors. In contrast, MCT treatment followed by NGR1 treatment ameliorated MCT-induced PAH by improving pulmonary hemodynamics and pulmonary vascular remodeling while reducing NF-κB activation and levels of inflammation-associated factors.
Conclusion: NGR1 exerts ameliorative effects on MCT-induced PAH by inhibiting NF-κB pathway. Therefore, NGR1 may be a new potential therapy for PAH.
Anti-nociceptive effect of gabapentin in mouse models of acute and chronic pain
Authors: Vasudevan Rajalakshimi , Batool Sadia , Kandasamy Geetha , Saeed Saleh Farhan , Saleh Nouf , Mohammed Maha , Awad Arwa Gursan 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To investigate the anti-nociceptive effect of gabapentin in acute and chronic pain models.
Methods: Four mouse models of pain were used in this study. These comprised thermal tests (hot plate and tail immersion tests), and chemical tests (formalin and acetic acid-induced writhing tests). A total of seventy-two (72) albino mice weighing 25 - 40 g (mean weight = 32.5 ± 5.1 g) were used. In each test, the mice were randomly assigned to three sets of 6 mice each: control group, celecoxib group and drug treatment group. Each test was performed at intervals of 30, 60 and 90 min.
Results: During the acute phase, there was no significant decrease in foot raising (FR) or licking and biting (L & B) episodes among the groups (p > 0.05). However, these episodes were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in the second delayed phase, in the celecoxib and drug-treated groups, when compared with normal control group. Gabapentin significantly (p < 0.05) decreased pain response throughout the course of the thermal tests. The number of writhes within 30 min were significantly reduced in celecoxib and gabapentin-treated animals, compared with negative control group (p < 0.05). Gabapentin produced approximately 60 % protection of writhing, similar to that produced by celecoxib, the standard non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used (61 %).
Conclusion: The results demonstrate that the gabapentin is effective against chronic inflammatory pain in mice and therefore can be potentially developed as an effective anti-inflammatory agent for humans.
Cytotoxic and antiviral potentials of Euphorbia milii var. splendens leaf against Peste des petits ruminant virus
Authors: Chaman Sadia , Khan Farrakh Zia , Khokhar Rabia , Maab Husnul , Qamar Shaista , Zahid Sahar , Ahmad Mobasher , Hussain Khalid 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To determine the cytotoxic and antiviral potentials of Euphorbia milii var. splendens leaf against Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV).
Methods: The methanol extract, as well as n- hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n- butanol fractions of E. milii leaves were screened for cytotoxic and antiviral activities against PPRV using Vero cell line and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.
Results: Non-cytotoxic concentrations with cell survival rate (CSP) greater than 50 % were considered virucidal. Methanol extract and fractions produced significant (p < 0.05) effects at all test concentrations against PPRV. The 50 % cytotoxic concentration (CC50) calculated was ≤ 25 µg/mL for extract and fractions. In antiviral assay, ethyl acetate, n-hexane, and n-butanol fractions at all test concentrations ranging from 1.56 - 800 µg/mL were non-virucidal; even at their non-cytotoxic concentrations these fractions did not show antiviral activities. However, the methanol extract and its chloroform fractions showed significant (p < 0.05) virucidal potential.
Conclusion: The results suggest that further isolation of antiviral constituents from the fractions may open new horizons for the development of new antiviral agents.
Sulfanilamide benzotriazole tetrazole inhibits neuronal apoptosis in neonatal rats by targeting JNK and p38 MAPK pathways
Authors: Hu Xiaolin , Xiong Peng 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To investigate the neuroprotective effect of sulfanilamide benzotriazole tetrazole (SBT) in neonatal rats exposed to isoflurane, and also to elucidate the underlying mechanism.
Methods: Rat pups (n = 60) were randomly assigned to six groups of 10 pups each: normal control group, negative control group, 5 mg/kg SBT group, 10 mg/kg SBT group, 15 mg/kg SBT group, and 20 mg/kg SBT group. With exception of normal control group, pups were exposed to isoflurane (0.75 %) for 6 h on postnatal day 7. The negative control group was not treated, while pups in the four treatment groups received 5, 10, 15 and 20 mg/kg SBT, respectively, 1 h after exposure to anaesthesia. TUNEL assay was used to determine the extent of apoptosis in cornu ammonis area-1 (CA-1), cornu ammonis area-3 (CA-3) and dentate gyrus of rat hippocampal tissues. Expressions of apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins were determined using Western blotting. Evaluation of learning and memorizing ability was done using Morris water maze test.
Results: Isoflurane significantly increased the extent of apoptosis in CA-1, CA-3 and dentate gyrus of rat hippocampal tissues (p < 0.05). However, treatment with SBT significantly and dose-dependently reduced neuronal apoptosis (p < 0.05). The expression of caspase 3 was significantly upregulated by isoflurane, but was significantly and dose-dependently down-regulated by SBT (p < 0.05). Isoflurane significantly increased Bax expression, and decreased the expression of bcl-2 (p < 0.05). The effects of isoflurane on the expression of these proteins were significantly and dose-dependently reversed by SBT (p < 0.05). The expression of bcl xL in rat hippocampal tissues was significantly down-regulated by isoflurane, but was significantly and dose-dependently upregulated by SBT (p < 0.05). The escape latency of pups was significantly higher in negative control group than in normal control group, but SBT treatment significantly and dose-dependently reversed this trend (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: These results suggest that SBT prevents neuronal apoptosis, and improves the ability to learn and memorize in neonatal rats exposed to isoflurane via regulation of apoptotic, JNK and p38 MAPK protein expressions.