bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasonic Device Complications in Endodontics: An Analysis of Adverse Events From the Food and Drug Administration Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience
Authors: Rhodes S. Craig 
Published: September 2021

Objectives
The author conducted a study to determine the frequency and types of adverse events associated with endodontic ultrasonic devices as reported to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database.

Methods
Endodontic ultrasonic device–related adverse events reported to the MAUDE database from January 1, 2016, to October 31, 2020, were accessed and reviewed.

Results
A total of 1258 adverse event reports were submitted to the FDA MAUDE database, as classified under FDA product code ELC (ultrasonic scaler) during the study period. Among these reports, 403 were specific to the dedicated use of the 2 main types of ultrasonic devices used in endodontic treatment: ultrasonic tip devices and irrigation-related devices. Device malfunction-associated events, consisting primarily of device breakage, comprised 393 of the 1258 adverse event reports, whereas the remaining 10 reports were identified as being patient injury–related reports.

Conclusions
The frequency, root causes, and economic costs of ultrasonic tip device breakage remain largely unstudied. Ultrasonic endodontic device–related adverse events and patient injuries occurring within clinical practice may be underreported at the present time. Consequently, the risks and ultimate impacts to patients from ultrasonic endodontic device breakage, malfunction and unknown cause-related adverse events, and patient injuries during their clinical usage remain largely unknown at the present time. Eight of the 10 patient injury–related reports made to the FDA MAUDE database during the period under study, containing descriptions of varying degrees of injury severity, were associated with an irrigation-related device.
Omissions and Deviations From Safe Drug Administration Guidelines in 2 Medical Wards and Risk Factors: Findings From an Observational Study
Authors: Savva Georgios , Merkouris Anastasios , Charalambous Andreas , Papastavrou Evridiki 
Published: September 2021

Objectives
This study aimed to record the type and frequency of errors, with an emphasis on omissions, during administration of medicines to inpatients and to investigate associated factors.

Methods
This was a descriptive observational study. The medication process in 2 medical wards was observed by 2 observers using a structured observation form. χ2 Test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and regression analysis were used to explore associations between factors and errors.

Results
From the 665 administrations observed, a total of 2371 errors were detected from which 81.2% were omissions and 18.8% were errors of commission. Omissions in the infection prevention guidelines (46.6%) and in the 5 rights of medication safety principles (35.8%) were a predominant finding. In particular, omitting to hand wash before administering a drug (98.4%), omitting to disinfect the site of injection (37.7%), and omitting to confirm the patient’s name (74.4%) were the 3 most frequently observed omissions. Documentation errors (13.1%) and administration method errors (4.5%) were also detected. Regression analysis has shown that the therapeutic class of the drug administered and the number of medicines taken per patient were the 2 factors with a statistical significance that increased the risk of a higher number of errors being detected.

Conclusions
Errors during drug administration are still common in clinical practice, with omissions being the most common type of error. In particular, omissions in the basic infection and safety regulations seem to be a very common problem. The risk of a higher number of errors being made is increased when a cardiovascular drug is administered and when the number of medicines administered per patient is increased.
Prevalence of COVID-19–Related Social Disruptions and Effects on Psychosocial Health in a Mixed-Serostatus Cohort of Men and Women
Authors: Friedman M. Reuel , Kempf Mirjam-Colette , Benning Lorie , Adimora Adaora A. , Aouizerat Bradley , Cohen Mardge H. , Hatfield Queen , Merenstein Dan , Mimiaga Matthew J. , Plankey Michael W. , Sharma Anjali , Sheth Anandi N. , Ramirez Catalina , Stosor Valentina , Wagner Marc C. E. , Wilson Tracey E. , D'Souza Gypsyamber , Weiss Deborah Jones 
Published: September 2021

Objectives:
This study describes prevention behavior and psychosocial health among people living with HIV (PLHIV) and HIV-negative people during the early wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the United States. We assessed differences by HIV status and associations between social disruption and psychosocial health.

Design:
A cross-sectional telephone/videoconference administered survey of 3411 PLHIV and HIV-negative participants in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study/WIHS Combined Cohort Study (MWCCS).

Methods:
An instrument combining new and validated measures was developed to assess COVID-19 prevention efforts, social disruptions (loss of employment, childcare, health insurance, and financial supports), experiences of abuse, and psychosocial health. Interviews were performed between April and June 2020. Associations between social disruptions and psychosocial health were explored using multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for sociodemographics and HIV status.

Results:
Almost all (97.4%) participants reported COVID-19 prevention behavior; 40.1% participants reported social disruptions, and 34.3% reported health care appointment disruption. Men living with HIV were more likely than HIV-negative men to experience social disruptions (40.6% vs. 32.9%; P < 0.01), whereas HIV-negative women were more likely than women with HIV to experience social disruptions (51.1% vs. 39.8%, P < 0.001). Participants who experienced ≥2 social disruptions had significantly higher odds of depression symptoms [aOR = 1.32; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.12 to 1.56], anxiety (aOR = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.17 to 2.27), and social support dissatisfaction (aOR = 1.81; 95% CI: 1.26 to 2.60).

Conclusions:
This study builds on emerging literature demonstrating the psychosocial health impact related to the COVID-19 pandemic by providing context specific to PLHIV. The ongoing pandemic requires structural and social interventions to decrease social disruption and address psychosocial health needs among the most vulnerable populations.
A Rare Cause of Peripheral Facial Nerve Palsy: Chondromyxoid Fibroma of the Temporal Bone
Authors: Chrysouli Konstantina , Papanikolaou Vasileios , Chrysovergis Aristeidis , Kyrodimos Efthymios 
Published: September 2021

Purpose:
To report a rather rare entity of facial palsy due to chondromyxoid fibroma. The authors present a case along with clinico-pathological features, management, treatment options and follow-up.

Methods:
The authors present a case of a 29-year-old male who suffered from right facial weakness and numbness for a period of 6-months. imaging studies demonstrated a soft, locally invasive tumor, located mainly in the right temporal bone and extended extracranially.

Results:
A surgical procedure of local excision followed by cross-facial nerve grafting was performed.

Conclusions:
Diagnosis should be based on combination of histo-pathologic and radiographic findings, because of its histological similarities to chondrosarcoma.
10 Year Analysis of Pediatric Surgery Fellowship Match and Operative Experience
Authors: Farooqui Zishaan , Cortez Alexander R. , PottsIII John R. , Tiao Gregory M. , von Allmen Daniel , Quillin Ralph C. , Bondoc Alexander J. , Garrison Aaron P. 
Published: September 2021

Objective:
This paper aims to evaluate the pediatric surgery training pipeline vis-à-vis the pediatric surgery match and operative experience of pediatric surgery fellows.

Summary of Background Data:
Pediatric surgery remains a competitive surgical subspecialty. However, there is concern that operative experience for pediatric surgery fellows is changing. This paper examines the selectivity of the pediatric surgery match, along with the operative experience of pediatric surgery fellows to characterize the state of pediatric surgery training.

Methods:
The pediatric surgery fellowship match was analyzed from the National Resident Matching Program data from 2010 to 2019. Selectivity among fellowships was compared using analysis of variance with Dunnett test. Operative log data for pediatric fellows was analyzed using the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education case logs from 2009 to 2019. Linear regression analysis was used to evaluate trends in operative volume over time.

Results:
Pediatric surgery had the highest proportion of unmatched applicants (47.2% ± 5.3%) and lowest proportion of unfilled positions (1.4% ± 1.6%) when compared to other National Resident Matching Program surgical fellowships. Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education case log analysis revealed a statistically significant decrease in cases for graduating fellows (–5.3 cases/year, P < 0.05). Total index cases decreased (–4.7 cases/year, P < 0.01, R2 = 0.83) such that graduates in 2019 completed 59 fewer index operations than graduates in 2009.

Conclusion:
Although pediatric surgery fellowship remains highly selective there has been a decline in the operative experience for graduating fellows. This highlights the need for evaluation of training paradigms and operative exposure in pediatric surgery to ensure the training of competent pediatric surgeons.
FIBCD1 is a Conserved Receptor for Chondroitin Sulphate Proteoglycans of the Brain Extracellular Matrix and a Candidate Gene for a Complex Neurodevelopmental Disorder
Authors: Fell Christopher W , Hagelkruys Astrid , Cicvaric Ana , Horrer Marion , Liu Lucy , Li Joshua Shing Shun , Stadlmann Johannes , Polyansky Anton A , Mereiter Stefan , Tejada Miguel Angel , Kokotović Tomislav , Scaramuzza Angelica , Twyman Kimberly A , Morrow Michelle M , Juusola Jane , Yan Huifang , Wang Jingmin , Burmeister Margit , Andersen Thomas Levin , Wirnsberger Gerald , Holmskov Uffe , Perrimon Norbert , Zagrović Bojan , Monje Francisco J , Moeller Jesper Bonnet , Penninger Josef M , Nagy Vanja 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTThe brain extracellular matrix (ECM) is enriched in chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans (CSPGs) with variable sulphate modifications that intimately participate in brain maturation and function. Very little is known about how the changing biophysical properties of the CSPGs are signalled to neurons. Here, we report Fibrinogen C Domain Containing 1 (FIBCD1), a known chitin-binding receptor of the innate immune system, to be highly expressed in the hippocampus and to specifically bind CSPGs containing 4-O sulphate modification (CS-4S). Cultured Fibcd1 knockout (KO) neurons lack phenotypic and transcriptomic responses to CSPG stimulation. Further, Fibcd1 KO mice exhibit accumulation of CS-4S, likely resulting in deficits of hippocampal-dependent learning tasks and abrogated synaptic remodelling, a phenotype rescued by enzymatic digestion of CSPGs. Likewise, neuronal specific knockdown of a Fibcd1 orthologue in flies results in neuronal morphological changes at the neuromuscular junctions and behavioural defects. Finally, we report two undiagnosed patients with a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with deleterious variants in FIBCD1, strongly implicating FIBCD1 in the development of the disease. Taken together, our results demonstrate that FIBCD1 is a novel, evolutionarily conserved component of ECM sulphation recognition that is crucial for neuronal development and function.
INTEGUMENT-SPECIFIC TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION IN THE MID-STAGE OF FLAX SEED DEVELOPMENT INFLUENCES THE RELEASE OF MUCILAGE AND THE SEED OIL CONTENT
Authors: Miart Fabien , Fontaine Jean-Xavier , Mongelard Gaëlle , Wattier Christopher , Lequart-Pillon Michelle , Bouton Sophie , Molinié Roland , Dubrulle Nelly , Fournet Françoise , Demailly Hervé , Roulard Romain , Dupont Loïc , Boudaoud Arezki , Thomasset Brigitte , Gutierrez Laurent , Van Wuytswinkel Olivier , Mesnard François , Pageau Karine 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTFlax (Linum usitatissimum L.) seed oil, which accumulates in the embryo, and mucilage, which is synthesized in the seed coat, are of great economic importance for food, pharmaceutical as well as chemical industries. Theories on the link between oil and mucilage production in seeds consist in the spatio-temporal competition of both compounds for photosynthates during the very early stages of seed development. In this study, we demonstrate a positive relationship between seed oil production and seed coat mucilage extrusion in the agronomic model, flax. Three recombinant inbred lines were selected for low, medium and high mucilage and seed oil contents. Metabolite and transcript profiling (1H NMR and DNA oligo-microarrays) was performed on the seeds during seed development. These analyses showed main changes in the seed coat transcriptome during the mid-phase of seed development (25 Days Post-Anthesis), once the mucilage biosynthesis and modification processes are thought to be finished. These transcriptome changes comprised genes that are putatively involved in mucilage chemical modification and oil synthesis, as well as gibberellic acid (GA) metabolism. The results of these integrative biology approach, suggest that transcriptional regulations of seed oil and fatty acid (FA) metabolism could occur in the seed coat during the mid-stage of seed development, once the seed coat carbon supplies have been used for mucilage biosynthesis and mechanochemical properties of the mucilage secretory cells.
Kif11 overexpression rescues cognition, long-term potentiation, and spine defects in mouse and cell models of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Lucero Esteban M. , Freund Ronald K. , Johnson Noah R. , Dooling Breanna , Sullivan Emily , Prikhodko Olga , Ahmed Md. Mahiuddin , Dell’Acqua Mark L. , Chial Heidi J. , Potter Huntington 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCompetitive inhibition of kinesin motor proteins by amyloid-beta (Aβ) may contribute to alterations in the neuronal microtubule cytoskeleton that can disrupt plasticity mechanisms required for learning and memory, such as long-term potentiation (LTP), thus contributing to synaptic dysfunction and cognitive impairments associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here, we tested the hypothesis that overexpression of the microtubule motor protein KIF11 (Kinesin-5/Eg5) will rescue Aβ-mediated synaptic dysfunction and cognitive impairments. We found that overexpression ofKif11prevented spatial learning and LTP deficits in the 5xFAD mouse model of AD and rescued Aβ-mediated decreases in postsynaptic dendritic spine density in neuronal cultures. Together, these data suggest that KIF11 function is important for preserving synaptic structures and functions that are critical for learning and memory and for protection against Aβ-mediated loss of cognition in AD.HighlightsDeficits in cognition and long-term potentiation in the 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease are prevented byKif11overexpression.Aβ-mediated dendritic spine loss is blocked byKif11overexpression.
Tetragonisca angustularesin gathering behaviour ofSchizolobium parahyba
Authors: Regnier Leonardo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTetragonisca angustulais a very important stingless bees species. This study aimed to report the resin gathering behaviour of this species of a possible new resin source:Schizolobium parahyba. Evaluations of temperature, number of bees in gathering activity, time and season were used to characterize bee’s behaviour. Resin gathering activities were concentered between 10 and 14 hours, with a moderate linear positive correlation index with the temperature. No bee activity was observed when temperatures were below 16.69°C. Gathering suffered extreme reduction during winter and greater activity in summer. Bees exploration were concentered on the younger leafs and apical portion ofS. parahyba. Older leafs were mainly ignored, and gradually the exploring activity was constantly migrating to most young parts, while apical exploration was consistent all the studied period.
Large-scale miRNA-Target Data Analysis to Discover miRNA Co-regulation Network of Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Soybeans
Authors: Chang Haowu , Zhang Tianyue , Zhang Hao , Su Lingtao , Qin Qing-Ming , Li Guihua , Li Xueqing , Wang Li , Zhao Tianheng , Zhao Enshuang , Zhao Hengyi , Liu Yuanning , Stacey Gary , Xu Dong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAlthough growing evidence shows that microRNA (miRNA) regulates plant growth and development, miRNA regulatory networks in plants are not well understood. Current experimental studies cannot characterize miRNA regulatory networks on a large scale. This information gap provides a good opportunity to employ computational methods for global analysis and to generate useful models and hypotheses. To address this opportunity, we collected miRNA-target interactions (MTIs) and used MTIs from Arabidopsis thaliana and Medicago truncatula to predict homologous MTIs in soybeans, resulting in 80,235 soybean MTIs in total. A multi-level iterative bi-clustering method was developed to identify 483 soybean miRNA-target regulatory modules (MTRMs). Furthermore, we collected soybean miRNA expression data and corresponding gene expression data in response to abiotic stresses. By clustering these data, 37 MTRMs related to abiotic stresses were identified including stress-specific MTRMs and shared MTRMs. These MTRMs have gene ontology (GO) enrichment in resistance response, iron transport, positive growth regulation, etc. Our study predicts soybean miRNA-target regulatory modules with high confidence under different stresses, constructs miRNA-GO regulatory networks for MTRMs under different stresses and provides miRNA targeting hypotheses for experimental study. The method can be applied to other biological processes and other plants to elucidate miRNA co-regulation mechanisms.
OrBITS: Label-free and time-lapse monitoring of patient derived organoids for advanced drug screening
Authors: Deben Christophe , De La Hoz Edgar Cardenas , Le Compte Maxim , Van Schil Paul , Hendriks Jeroen M. , Lauwers Patrick , Yogeswaran Suresh Krishan , Lardon Filip , Pauwels Patrick , Van Laere Steven , Bogaerts Annemie , Smits Evelien , Vanlanduit Steve , Lin Abraham 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundPatient-derived organoids are invaluable for fundamental and translational cancer research and holds great promise for personalized medicine. However, the shortage of available analysis methods, which are often single-time point, severely impede the potential and routine use of organoids for basic research, clinical practise, and pharmaceutical and industrial applications.MethodsHere, we developed a high-throughput compatible and automated live-cell image analysis software that allows for kinetic monitoring of organoids, namedOrganoidBrightfieldIdentification-basedTherapyScreening (OrBITS), by combining computer vision with a convolutional network machine learning approach. The OrBITS deep learning analysis approach was validated against current standard assays for kinetic imaging and automated analysis of organoids. A drug screen of standard-of-care lung and pancreatic cancer treatments was also performed with the OrBITS platform and compared to the gold standard, CellTiter-Glo 3D assay. Finally, the optimal parameters and drug response metrics were identified to improve patient stratification.ResultsOrBITS allowed for the detection and tracking of organoids in routine extracellular matrix domes, advanced Gri3D®-96 well plates, and high-throughput 384-well microplates, solely based on brightfield imaging. The obtained organoid Count, Mean Area, and Total Area had a strong correlation with the nuclear staining, Hoechst, following pairwise comparison over a broad range of sizes. By incorporating a fluorescent cell death marker, intra-well normalization for organoid death could be achieved, which was tested with a 10-point titration of cisplatin and validated against the current gold standard ATP-assay, CellTiter-Glo 3D. Using this approach with OrBITS, screening of chemotherapeutics and targeted therapies revealed further insight into the mechanistic action of the drugs, a feature not achievable with the CellTiter-Glo 3D assay. Finally, we advise the use of the growth rate-based normalised drug response metric to improve accuracy and consistency of organoid drug response quantification.ConclusionsOur findings validate that OrBITS, as a scalable, automated live-cell image analysis software, would facilitate the use of patient-derived organoids for drug development and therapy screening. The developed wet-lab workflow and software also has broad application potential, from providing a launching point for further brightfield-based assay development to be used for fundamental research, to guiding clinical decisions for personalized medicine.
The transitivity of the Hardy-Weinberg law
Authors: Graffelman Jan , Weir Bruce S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe reduction of multi-allelic polymorphisms to variants with fewer alleles, two in the limit, is addressed. The Hardy-Weinberg law is shown to be transitive in the sense that a multi-allelic polymorphism that is in equilibrium will retain its equilibrium status if any allele together with its corresponding genotypes is deleted from the population. Similarly, the transitivity principle also applies if alleles are joined, which leads to the summation of allele frequencies and their corresponding genotype frequencies. These basic polymorphism properties are intuitive, but they have apparently not been formalized or investigated. This article provides a straightforward proof of the transitivity principle, and its usefulness in practical genetic data analysis with multi-allelic markers is explored. In general, results of statistical tests for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium obtained with polymorphisms that are reduced by deletion or joining of alleles are seen to be consistent with the formulated transitivity principle. We also show how the transitivity principle allows one to identify equilibrium-offending alleles, and how it can provide clues to genotyping problems and evolutionary changes. For microsatellites, which are widely used in forensics, the transitivity principle implies one expects similar results for statistical tests that use length-based and sequence-based alleles. High-quality autosomal microsatellite databases of the US National Institute of Standards and Technology are used to illustrate the use of the transitivity principle in testing both length-based and sequence-based microsatellites for Hardy-Weinberg proportions. Test results for Hardy-Weinberg proportions for the two types of microsatellites are seen to be largely consistent and can detect allele imbalance.