bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bound states in the continuum in periodic structures with structural disorder
Authors: Maslova Ekaterina E. , Rybin Mikhail V. , Bogdanov Andrey A. , Sadrieva Zarina F. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We study the effect of structural disorder on the transition from the bound states in the continuum (BICs) to quasi-BICs by the example of the periodic photonic structure composed of two layers of parallel dielectric rods. We uncover the specificity in the robustness of the symmetry-protected and accidental BICs against various types of structural disorder. We analyze how the spatial mode localization induced by the structural disorder results in an effective reduction of the system length and limits the Q factor of quasi-BICs. Our results are essential for the practical implementation of BICs especially in natural and self-assembled photonic structures, where the structural disorder plays a crucial role.
Sex allocation and field population sex ratio of Apanteles taragamae Viereck (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a larval parasitoid of the cucumber moth Diaphania indica Saunders (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Authors: Nurkomar Ihsan , Azhar Azru , Buchori Damayanti 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Sex ratio is one of the most important biological characteristics of arthropods. In a parasitoid population, sex ratio can influence the suppression of host populations or the stability of host–parasitoid interactions in the field. In this study, a survey was carried out to determine the sex allocation through the sequence of male/female adult emergence and calculate the sex ratio of selected populations of Apanteles taragamae in their natural habitat. Assessment of sex ratio at the population and individual level (brood size per female) was examined. We found no difference in the likelihood that either sex would emerge before the other. Observations of sex ratio at the population and individual level reveal a females biased sex ratio. Analysis of the relationship between brood size and sex ratio of A. taragamae shows that brood size may influence the proportion of male to female offspring yielded. A male-biased sex ratio tends to be found in smaller brood size. However, sex ratio is shifted to female biased in larger brood size.
Non-identical cognates yield facilitation in translation – does the way foreign vocabulary is learned affect its processing?
Authors: Lijewska Agnieszka , Błaszkowska Hanka 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Cognates (words sharing form and meaning across languages, e.g. Polish–English FILM–FILM (identical cognates) or TUNNEL–TUNEL (non-identical cognates)) are processed faster than single-language words (cognate facilitation effect), which is modulated by a number of factors. Here, we extended the study reported by Lijewska and Chmiel (2015) and tested the influence of learning experience on non-identical cognate processing in a translation task in 2 experiments with Polish-German–English trilinguals and with German–English bilinguals. The trilinguals learned English and German via Polish, whereas the bilinguals learnt English via German. They translated Polish–English non-identical cognates (MUSZTARDA–SENF–MUSTARD), German–English non-identical cognates (TRAWA–GRAS–GRASS) and controls from English into Polish and into German (trilinguals) or only into German (bilinguals). We found no evidence for the influence of learning experience on cognate processing but the novel finding was a reliable facilitation effect obtained when only non-identical cognates were tested in a translation task with trilinguals (in the accuracy data) as well as with bilinguals (in translation latencies). Additionally, the reported study pointed to the important role of language proficiency in processing.
Markedness relation, identity avoidance, and clausal recursion in Mandarin Chinese
Authors: Tseng Yu-Ching 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper uses optimality theory (OT) to account for the phenomenon of identity occurrence resulting from clausal recursion, which we argue is derived from syntactic embedding and syntactic adjunction. This paper shows that the interaction between faithfulness and economy constraints allows for the optional deletion of functional morphemes that occur repetitively. The syntactic process of deletion is sensitive to the concept of markedness in a few ways. First, the marked, rather than the unmarked, pattern is the trigger for deletion; second, unmarked constructions have priority over marked constructions as the target for deletion. All of these ideas are integrated into the OT model that involves self-conjoined constraints, the mechanism of harmonic alignment, and the competition between faithfulness and economy constraints.
Mit Nächstenliebe gegen den Kommunismus
Authors: Dotter Marion 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study examines the strategies adopted by the Catholic church in the post-World War II German-speaking area to curtail the ‚communist threat‘. The text compares two dioceses, St. Pölten in the eastern part of Austria, and Munich-Freising in Bavaria, that saw the need to react to the rise of communist regimes immediately outside their borders in East-Central Europe with the means at their disposal. The starting point for this analysis is the „Decree against Communism“ of Pope Pius XII, which belongs to a long tradition of ecclesiastical criticism directed against the great ideologies of the 19th and 20th centuries, and which was widely adopted by the German-speaking clergy. The discussion of the methods by which the church attempted to influence the east-west conflict and their constraints will address three topics: aid for refugees, the social question, and issues related to schooling. In these areas, the church used a variety of resources to achieve its aims and exploited the Roman curia’s position as a global actor – from its parishes and monasteries at the local level to its spheres of political influence at the nation-state level.
Historiographische Praxis und politische Ästhetik
Authors: Walter Viktoria 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Schiller-research is quite dissonant with respect to the question whether or not his second play, The Conspiracy (1783), is »republican« in a ›modern‹, political sense. Many readers have concluded that the historiographic approach displayed in the play was utterly implausible. This article summarizes the interpretations on Schiller’s historiographic practice and takes them to a deeper understanding of the political aesthetic the play is set out to expose. A close reading of the animal fable in the play, with a special focus on its anthropomorphic dimension, shows that its political implications are rather diverse and exist side by side – a narrative technique that illustrates formally what has been addressed as a »play with different options«.
Mythos: rhetorisch wirksam gemachte Geschichte
Authors: Schuhmacher Frank 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this article, it is argued that history and narration in the ancient rhetoric were (mostly) used as an argument for reaching their own objectives. This attitude towards history is essentially mythical and pragmatic, disregarding the special context of a particular event. At the beginning of the 19th century, there was a time when a critical spirit evolved amongst positivist historians and suppressed the pragmatic view of history. This evoked a response not only from intellectuals such as Nietzsche and Croce, but also from fascists – especially Mussolini – putting the emphasis again on and taking up the old tradition of the rhetorical use of history.
»Die Natur braucht keine Namen«
Authors: Enzinger Julia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The present article investigates the literary representation of biographical and geological coherence in Max Frisch’s narrative Der Mensch erscheint im Holozän (1979), a story about a pensioner suffering from dementia, who has to cope with both the erosion of his memory as well as the geological erosion in the Swiss Alps. On the basis of Hayden White’s tropics of discourse and Stephen Jay Gould’s study on Myth and Metaphor in the Discovery of Geological Time, the rhetorical strategies being used by Frisch are examined in order to articulate the tension between human history and the history of nature and earth. Focusing on the two main tropes in the text, synecdoche and irony, the analysis will show how the text tries to escape forms of anthropomorphism – especially by generating a ›transhuman‹ perspective – but ultimately confesses its failure to do so. Holozän thus can be seen as an ironical (self-)reflection on the limits of rhetoric and language in terms of depicting non-human history.
»Hätte der Hund nicht, dann hätt’ er den Hasen ...«
Authors: Biebuyck Benjamin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Günter Grass’s Mein Jahrhundert represents the 20th century as a series of hundred anecdotes, narrated from the perspective of in many cases unknown or (seemingly) unidentified witnesses. As such, it is often read as an example of fictional history writing within Grass’s encompassing framework of rediscovering the lives of those who underwent history rather than make it. The »sequential communal narration« (Lanser) adopted in this book was, however, criticized harshly by many readers as a patronizing form of postmodern – narrative – historiography. This article aims to show that the oral configuration of the narrative and the consistent use of a silent editor role, rhetorically directing the narrative and systematically linking the narrative with verifiable historical events and persons, does not reinforce the fictionality of writing history, but on the contrary underpins the double attempt to display not only the bias of historical witnessing, but also the historicity (and selectivity) of recording history. Grass’s bringing in the silent editor hence must be seen as an (hyperrealistic) attempt to stem the tide of negationism, revisionism and the manipulation of history telling.
Perspective Taking als Methode zur kommunikativen Kom­pe­tenz­entwicklung im Jurastudium
Authors: Gleiss Theresa , Kramer Olaf 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAlthough lawyers and judges often face communicative challenges in their everyday work, communicative skills are hardly trained in legal education. Based on the interdisciplinary project „Law and Rhetoric“ at the University of Tübingen, the paper highlights addressee-oriented communication and perspective-taking as central aspects of communicative competence. Through addressee orientation and the development of the ability to adopt perspectives, students are given the opportunity to think through communicative situations systematically and to anticipate communicative resistances. In contrast, the widespread focus on performance in the field of rhetorical key qualifications in legal educations only allows a restricted growth of communication skills and does not reach far enough.
Vision and Decision
Authors: Goodrich Peter 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe rhetorical formula ‘law and literature’ places law before literature while the usually conjunctive ‘and’ connotes hierarchy and disjunction rather than equality and encounter. The concept of jurisliterature provides a lexical and theoretical remedy for such alienation and non-recognition. In the era of imaginal law and the politicization of common law practices through viral relay and online video presence the spectacle of governance becomes the governance of spectacles. Vision increasingly determines decision. Using the example of a recent four-part documentary trial,Woody Allen v Mia Farrow, this article examines the stakes of imaginal law, and the consequences of a juridism set free from the archive.
Trading with the Dead
Authors: Leeson Peter T. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLate medieval Englishmen provided for their wellbeing in the hereafter by purchasing intercession for their souls. They traded valuable landed endowments for the promise of posthumous Masses and prayers whose daily observance contractual counterparties agreed to underwrite for decades, centuries, even eternally. Intercessory foundations so contracted were called chantries. Chantry contracts constituted trades with the dead in the sense that the promisees were deceased when the promisors were supposed to perform. I study the special problems that chantry contract promisees faced in enforcing their rights from the grave and analyze the devices they used for that purpose. Chantry founders wary of their fates in the afterlife showed equal concern for the challenges their contracts would encounter in this life long after they were gone. Founders met those challenges by leveraging the economics of incentives to develop a strategy of chantry contract self-enforcement: profit the living, present and future, for monitoring the contractual performance of promisors and promisors’ agents, and for punishing them should they breach. Chantry founders’ strategy was successful, enabling trade with the dead.
Faseroptische Kalibrierung von Positionssensoren für Planck-Waagen
Authors: Germanow Philipp , Rogge Norbert , Hausotte Tino , Fröhlich Thomas 
Published: November 2021

Zusammenfassung
Zur Kibble-Kalibrierung von EMK-Systemen (sogenannte Planck-Waagen) muss die induzierte Spulenspannung, sowie die Geschwindigkeit der Aktorspule während der Bewegung relativ zum Magnetfeld erfasst werden. Die Bestimmung der Geschwindigkeit erfolgt anhand der, über die Zeit, gemessenen Position. Als Alternative zur interferometrischen Messung wird in diesem Artikel ein Verfahren zur faseroptischen Kalibrierung der, bei EMK-Systemen weit verbreiteten, optischen Positionssensoren vorgestellt. Der eigens entwickelte faseroptische Sensor, sowie die theoretisch beschriebene Kalibrierung wurden an einer Planck-Waage messtechnisch validiert. Im direkten Vergleich mit einem kommerziellen Interferometer wurden Kennlinienabweichungen von unter 60 nm über einem Bewegungsbereich von

±
12

µm

\pm 12\hspace{0.1667em}\text{\textmu m}

erzielt.
Beiträge zum Wortschatz des Alten Testaments
Authors: Theis Christoffer 
Published: November 2021

Summary
The article examines the theory of Manfred Görg, who postulated two Egyptian loanwords in the Old Testament in 2003. By an inclusion of phonetic laws, sound changes and cultural-historical aspects, the theory that Liwyatan (לִוְיַתַן) and Nəhūštān (נְחֻשְׁתָּן) are Egyptian loanwords must be rejected.
Mysterious Wooden Objects Represented in the Punt Portico in the Temple of Hatshepsut at Deir el-Bahari
Authors: Taterka Filip 
Published: November 2021

Summary
The article presents a previously unpublished block coming from the Southern Lower Portico (also known as the Punt Portico) in Hatshepsut’s temple of millions of years at Deir el-Bahari. It contains a depiction of a young Nubian man carrying two mysterious objects. The one is the double tjsw-staff, while the other is most likely a wooden stool. In order to support his identification of the objects in question, the author discusses some parallels coming from early 18th dynasty private tombs at Thebes.
Why Can’t a Woman be More Like a Man?
Authors: Engel Eva-Maria 
Published: November 2021

Summary
The article examines archaeological and epigraphic evidence from the subsidiary chambers of the Early Dynastic royal cemetery at Umm el-Qa’ab/Abydos. Not surprisingly it turns out that this group of people was more diverse than the often used modern descriptions as “artisans and concubines” reveal.
Long-term changes in the chemical composition of the water of the Inhulets and Saksahan rivers within the Kryvorizkyi Iron Ore Basin (1980–2020)
Authors: Khilchevskyi V. K. , Sherstiuk N. P. 
Published: November 2021

The article presents the generalized results of chemical composition research of waters from Inhulets and Saksahan rivers on the territory adjacent to the Northern and Inhulets with pumping of underground waters (mine and quarry), which have an abnormal chemical composition, high mineralization and contain high concentrations of microcomponents. The following scheme of mine water utilization is used in the Kryvyi Rih iron ore basin: the mines of the northern part of Kryvbas discharge water into the tailings dam of Northern Iron Ore Dressing works (Northern GZK); mines of the southern part discharge mine waters into the storage pond of the Svistunov creek during the year, and in the winter its waters are discharged into the Inhulets River with subsequent washing of the river in the spring-summer period. Such treatment of mine and quarry waters has led to the formation of a hydrochemical anomaly on the territory of Northern GZK with the center in the tailings. The mineralization of water in the pond reaches 23 g / l (2020). There is a high content of microcomponents: lead, cadmium, vanadium, manganese, boron, bromine, nickel, mercury, thiocyanates. As a result, the mineralization of the Saksahan River water increases over time (up to 5.4 g / l), the content of microcomponents also increases and becomes quite high. Prolonged use of the Inhulets River for utilization of mine water from the Svistunov creek storage pond has led to a change in the type of water: instead of type II (river water), Inhulets water belongs to the type III (metamorphosed waters). There are no regularities in the change of chemical composition of water (hydrochemical regime) in Inhulets, which is a consequence of the introduction of the scheme "discharge – flushing" for the disposal of mine water. Among the microcomponents in the water of Inhulets there is an increased content of vanadium, boron and bromine (7–8 times), single excess of lead content. The analysis of equilibria in the carbonate-calcium system of the Inhulets and Saksahan rivers confirmed that the existing hydrochemical regime for the studied rivers is stationary, thus, the environmental measures implemented will not have rapid consequences.
Sinais de bem-estar docente em práticas de professores de educação básica
Authors: Machado Laeda Bezerra , Afonso Ferreira de Araújo Camila 
Published: November 2021

Este artigo objetiva identificar professores na condição de bem-estar docente na escola básica a fim de descrever elementos de suas práticas que caracterizam o bem-estar na docência. Bem-estar docente diz respeito a uma avaliação pessoal positiva da vida e da docência, com base em critérios cognitivos e afetivos. Desenvolvemos um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, delineado como estudo de campo com quatro professores de educação básica pública da cidade do Recife-PE. Por meio da observação participante, caracterizamos as práticas desses professores. Constatamos que os professores investigados vivenciam o bem-estar docente, pois, apesar das adversidades enfrentadas nas escolas públicas, reconhecem o valor social da profissão, cultivam relações saudáveis com seus alunos e pares e desejam prosseguir no exercício do magistério. Entendemos que para manter estes profissionais na condição de bem-estar docente, medidas de intervenção devem ser tomadas por parte dos órgãos gestores da educação. Tais medidas estão relacionadas à carreira, formação continuada e melhoria das condições de trabalho nas escolas. Essas ações fortalecem as práticas e posturas dos profissionais investigados e podem vir a incentivar outros professores a terem um olhar mais positivo para a profissão.
Analysis of droughts due to the operation of water structures: Gidra river case study
Authors: Čubanová Lea , Šoltész Andrej , Mydla Jakub 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe paper deals with an analysis of a drought in the small basin of the Gidra River in Slovakia due to problems with the abstraction of water from small reservoirs and ponds. A detailed hydrological assessment of the M-daily discharges for a long-term period was based on a dataset from the only gauging station on the upper part of the river. Because of the existing water structures with prescribed operations during the year, hydrometric and geodetic measurements were taken by the authors. The solution to this problem represents the conditions for the minimum required Q355discharge in the river anytime and anywhere. This can only be solved with a master operational manual for the whole river to be able to flexibly react to the current hydrological situation.
Identification of Graph Thinking in Solving Mathematical Problems Naturally
Authors: PRAYİTNO Anggar Titis , NUSANTARA Toto , HİDAYANTO Erry , RAHARDJO Swasono 
Published: November 2021

This study attempts to describe characteristics of graph thinking in solving a mathematical problem. Three students at the 10th grade of senior-high schools were involved as the subject. The data was collected from the result of an optimization problem task (OPT), video recording, interviews, and field notes. The results showed two major characteristics of graph thinking were found in solving the problem. First, students used the concept of graph theory to create a problem modelling. They were able to represent the information given in the problem in the form of graph. Second, students also used the concept of graph theory to create a problem modelling and search algorithm. The problem modelling was created as the students interpreted the problem by making connection between the objects in the form of an adjacency matrix and connectivity. In devising a plan, the students referred to the problem modelling to develop search algorithms. However, the algorithms were not entirely efficient. Some of them required the students to initially describe all answer possibilities. The algorithms constructed by the students referred to sequential and conditional algorithms. This study argues that graph-thinking skill can be developed through a learning process which involves students in the solving of open-ended problem to stimulate ideas of problem solving. By developing graph thinking ability, students will be able to analyse and reason information, express mathematical ideas, and have flexibility in solving a problem. These skills are urgently needed in the 21st century where rapid and continuous changes occur.
Applying Complementary Credit Scores to Calculate Aggregate Ranking
Authors: Seleznyova Zinaida 
Published: November 2021

Researchers have been improving credit scoring models for decades, as an increase in the predictive ability of scoring even by a small amount can allow financial institutions to avoid significant losses. Many researchers believe that ensembles of classifiers or aggregated scorings are the most effective. However, ensembles outperform base classifiers by thousandths of a percent on unbalanced samples.
This article proposes an aggregated scoring model. In contrast to previous models, its base classifiers are focused on identifying different types of borrowers. We illustrate the effectiveness of such scoring aggregation on real unbalanced data.
As the effectiveness indicator we use the performance measure of the area under the ROC curve. The DeLong, DeLong and Clarke-Pearson test is used to measure the statistical difference between two or more areas. In addition, we apply a logistic model of defaults (logistic regression) to the data of company financial statements. This model is usually used to identify default borrowers. To obtain a scoring aimed at non-default borrowers, we employ a modified Kemeny median, which was initially developed to rank companies with credit ratings. Both scores are aggregated by logistic regression.
Our data Russian banks that existed or defaulted between July 1, 2010, and July 1, 2015. This sample of banks is highly unbalanced, with a concentration of defaults of about 5%. The aggregation was carried out for banks with several ratings.
We show that aggregated classifiers based on different types of information significantly improve the discriminatory power of scoring even on an unbalanced sample. Moreover, the absolute value of this improvement surpasses all the values previously obtained from unbalanced samples.
The aggregated scoring and the approach to its construction can be applied by financial institutions to credit risk assessment and as an auxiliary tool in the decision-making process thanks to the relatively high interpretability of the scores.