bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging of Breast Cancer and Axillary Lymph Nodes After Intravenous Injection of Free Indocyanine Green
Authors: Bourgeois Pierre , Veys Isabelle , Noterman Danielle , De Neubourg Filip , Chintinne Marie , Vankerckhove Sophie , Nogaret Jean-Marie 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundNear-infrared fluorescence imaging (NIRFI) of breast cancer (BC) after the intravenous (IV) injection of free indocyanine green (fICG) has been reported to be feasible. However, some questions remained unclarified.ObjectiveTo evaluate the distribution of fICG in BC and the axillary lymph nodes (LNs) of women undergoing surgery with complete axillary LN dissection (CALND) and/or selective lymphadenectomy (SLN) of sentinel LNs (NCT no. 01993576 and NCT no. 02027818).MethodsAn intravenous injection of fICG (0.25 mg/kg) was administered to one series of 20 women undergoing treatment with mastectomy, the day before surgery in 5 (group 1) and immediately before surgery in 15 (group 2: tumor localization, 25; and pN+ CALND, 4) as well as to another series of 20 women undergoing treatment with tumorectomy (group 3). A dedicated NIR camera was used for ex vivo fluorescence imaging of the 45 BC lesions and the LNs.ResultsIn group 1, two of the four BC lesions and one large pN+ LN exhibited fluorescence. In contrast, 24 of the 25 tumors in group 2 and all of the tumors in group 3 were fluorescent. The sentinel LNs were all fluorescent, as well as some of the LNs in all CALND specimens. Metastatic cells were found in the fluorescent LNs of the pN+ cases. Fluorescent BC lesions could be identified ex vivo on the surface of the lumpectomy specimen in 14 of 19 cases.ConclusionsWhen fICG is injected intravenously just before surgery, BC can be detected using NIRFI with high sensitivity, with metastatic axillary LNs also showing fluorescence. Such a technical approach seems promising in the management of BC and merits further investigation.
Whole-Tumor Histogram and Texture Imaging Features on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Combined With Epstein-Barr Virus Status to Predict Disease Progression in Patients With Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Li Qiao , Wang TingTing , Huang Yan , Li Qin , Liu PeiYao , Grimm Robert , Fu CaiXia , Zhang YunYan , Gu Yajia 
Published: March 2021

Purpose: We aimed to investigate whether Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) could produce differences on MRI by examining the histogram and texture imaging features. We also sought to determine the predictive value of pretreatment MRI texture analyses incorporating with EBV status for disease progression (PD) in patients with primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Materials and Methods: Eighty-one patients with primary T2-T4 NPC and known EBV status who underwent contrast-enhanced MRI were included in this retrospective study. Whole-tumor-based histogram and texture features were extracted from pretreatment T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), and contrast-enhanced (CE)-T1WI images. Mann–Whitney U-tests were performed to identify the differences in histogram and texture parameters between EBV DNA-positive and EBV DNA-negative NPC images. The effects of clinical variables as well as histogram and texture features were estimated by using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to predict the EBV status and PD. Finally, an integrated model with the best performance was built.Results: Of the 81 patients included, 54 had EBV DNA-positive NPC, and 27 had EBV DNA-negative NPC. Patients who were tested EBV DNA-positive had higher overall stage (P = 0.016), more lymphatic metastases (p &lt; 0.0001), and easier distant metastases (P = 0.026) than the patients who were tested EBV DNA-negative. Tumor volume, T1WISkewness and T2WIKurtosis showed significant differences between the two groups. The combination of the three features achieved an AUC of 0.783 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.678–0.888] with a sensitivity and specificity of 70.4 and 74.1%, respectively, in differentiating EBV DNA-positive tumors from EBV DNA-negative tumors. The combination of overall stage and tumor volume of T2WIKurtosis and EBV status was the most effective model for predicting PD in patients with primary NPC. The overall accuracy was 84.6%, with a sensitivity and specificity of 93.8 and 66.2%, respectively (AUC, 0.800; 95% CI 0.700–0.900).Conclusion: This study demonstrates that MRI-based radiological features and EBV status can be used as an aid tool for the evaluation of PD, in order to develop tailored treatment targeting specific characteristics of individual patients.
Developing a lncRNA Signature to Predict the Radiotherapy Response of Lower-Grade Gliomas Using Co-expression and ceRNA Network Analysis
Authors: Li Zhongyang , Cai Shang , Li Huijun , Gu Jincheng , Tian Ye , Cao Jianping , Yu Dong , Tang Zaixiang 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundLower-grade glioma (LGG) is a type of central nervous system tumor that includes WHO grade II and grade III gliomas. Despite developments in medical science and technology and the availability of several treatment options, the management of LGG warrants further research. Surgical treatment for LGG treatment poses a challenge owing to its often inaccessible locations in the brain. Although radiation therapy (RT) is the most important approach in this condition and offers more advantages compared to surgery and chemotherapy, it is associated with certain limitations. Responses can vary from individual to individual based on genetic differences. The relationship between non-coding RNA and the response to radiation therapy, especially at the molecular level, is still undefined.MethodsIn this study, using The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset and bioinformatics, the gene co-expression network that is involved in the response to radiation therapy in lower-grade gliomas was determined, and the ceRNA network of radiotherapy response was constructed based on three databases of RNA interaction. Next, survival analysis was performed for hub genes in the co-expression network, and the high-efficiency biomarkers that could predict the prognosis of patients with LGG undergoing radiotherapy was identified.ResultsWe found that some modules in the co-expression network were related to the radiotherapy responses in patients with LGG. Based on the genes in those modules and the three databases, we constructed a ceRNA network for the regulation of radiotherapy responses in LGG. We identified the hub genes and found that the long non-coding RNA, DRAIC, is a potential molecular biomarker to predict the prognosis of radiotherapy in LGG.
Overexpression of NPTX2 Promotes Malignant Phenotype of Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma via IL6-JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway Under Hypoxia
Authors: Han Xiaotian , Lu Yechen , Li Xiaoqi , Xia Lingfang , Wen Hao , Feng Zheng , Ju Xingzhu , Chen Xiaojun , Wu Xiaohua 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundEpithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the main subtype of ovarian cancer and shows an aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis. Neuronal pentraxin II (NPTX2) is a member of the neuronal pentraxin family and plays a contradictory role in different tumors. However, there has been no report about the possible role and effect of NPTX2 in EOC.MethodsBioinformatics analysis, qPCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of NPTX2 in EOC. Lentivirus-based transfection for NPTX2 overexpression or knockdown was performed on the EOC cell lines A2780, HEY, SKOV3 and OVCAR-3. The effect of NPTX2 on the malignant phenotype of EOC was examined through methods of MTS assay, Edu assay, transwell assay, western blotting analysis, qPCR analysis, luciferase reporter assay and xenograft experiment.ResultsEOC tissues showed higher NPTX2 expression than the normal tissues with poor prognosis. NPTX2 overexpression can promote the proliferation, invasion, migration and tumorigenesis of EOC via IL6-JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Moreover, hypoxia-inducible factor-1(HIF-1) can promote the transcription and expression of NPTX2 under the hypoxic environment. NPTX2 knockdown abolished the hypoxia-induced malignant phenotypes in ECO.ConclusionsThe above results suggest that NPTX2 may play a novel role in ovarian cancer’s malignant phenotype and act as a promising treatment target for EOC molecular therapy.
Inter-Observer Variation in Delineating the Pharyngeal Constrictor Muscle as Organ at Risk in Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Petkar Imran , McQuaid Dualta , Dunlop Alex , Tyler Justine , Hall Emma , Nutting Chris 
Published: March 2021

Background and PurposeTo evaluate the inter-observer variation (IOV) in pharyngeal constrictor muscle (PCM) contouring, and resultant impact on dosimetry and estimated toxicity, as part of the pre-trial radiotherapy trial quality assurance (RTQA) within DARS, a multicenter phase III randomized controlled trial investigating the functional benefits of dysphagia-optimized intensity-modulated radiotherapy (Do-IMRT) in pharyngeal cancers.Methods and MaterialsOutlining accuracy of 15 clinicians’ superior and middle PCM (SMPCM) and inferior PCM (IPCM) were retrospectively assessed against gold standards (GS) using volume, location, and conformity indices (CIs) on a pre-trial benchmark case of oropharyngeal cancer. The influence of delineation variability on dose delivered to the constrictor muscles with Do-IMRT and resultant normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) for physician-scored radiation-associated dysphagia at 6 months was evaluated.ResultsFor GS, SMPCM, and IPCM volumes were 13.51 and 1.67 cm3; corresponding clinician mean volumes were 12.18 cm3 (SD 3.0) and 2.40 cm3 (SD 0.9) respectively. High IOV in SMPCM and IPCM delineation was observed by the low DICE similarity coefficient value, along with high geographical miss index and discordance index values. Delineation variability did not significantly affect the mean dose delivered to the constrictors, relative to the GS plan. Mean clinician NTCP was 24.6% (SD 0.6), compared to the GS-NTCP of 24.7%.ConclusionsResults from this benchmark case demonstrate that inaccurate PCM delineation existed, even with protocol guidelines. This did not impact on delivered dose to this structure with Do-IMRT, or on estimated swallowing toxicity, in this single benchmark case.
Development of Dosimetric Verification System for Patient-Specific Quality Assurance of High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy
Authors: Kang Sang-Won , Chung Jin-Beom , Kim Kyeong-Hyeon , Choi Chang Heon , Kang Seonghee , Shin Dong-Seok , Cho Woong , Eom Kuen-Yong , Park Hae-Jin , Kim Jin-Young , Song Changhoon , Kim In Ah , Kim Jae-Sung , Suh Tae Suk , Park Justin C. 
Published: March 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a dosimetric verification system (DVS) using a solid phantom for patient-specific quality assurance (QA) of high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT).Methods: The proposed DVS consists of three parts: dose measurement, dose calculation, and analysis. All the dose measurements were performed using EBT3 film and a solid phantom. The solid phantom made of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS, density = 1.04 g/cm3) was used to measure the dose distribution. To improve the accuracy of dose calculation by using the solid phantom, a conversion factor [CF(r)] according to the radial distance between the water and the solid phantom material was determined by Monte Carlo simulations. In addition, an independent dose calculation program (IDCP) was developed by applying the obtained CF(r). To validate the DVS, dosimetric verification was performed using gamma analysis with 3% dose difference and 3 mm distance-to-agreement criterion for three simulated cases: single dwell position, elliptical dose distribution, and concave elliptical dose distribution. In addition, the possibility of applying the DVS in the high-dose range (up to 15 Gy) was evaluated.Results: The CF(r) between the ABS and water phantom was 0.88 at 0.5 cm. The factor gradually increased with increasing radial distance and converged to 1.08 at 6.0 cm. The point doses 1 cm below the source were 400 cGy in the treatment planning system (TPS), 373.73 cGy in IDCP, and 370.48 cGy in film measurement. The gamma passing rates of dose distributions obtained from TPS and IDCP compared with the dose distribution measured by the film for the simulated cases were 99.41 and 100% for the single dwell position, 96.80 and 100% for the elliptical dose distribution, 88.91 and 99.70% for the concave elliptical dose distribution, respectively. For the high-dose range, the gamma passing rates in the dose distributions between the DVS and measurements were above 98% and higher than those between TPS and measurements.Conclusion: The proposed DVS is applicable for dosimetric verification of HDR-BT, as confirmed through simulated cases for various doses.
Midwives' Evaluation of a Neonatal Resuscitation in High- and Low-Resource Settings
Authors: Cavallin Francesco , Calgaro Serena , Borellini Martina , Magnani Margherita , Beltramini Greta , Seni Amir Hussein Abubacar , Cebola Bonifacio Rodriguez , Tambo Ana Nicolau , Putoto Giovanni , Trevisanuto Daniele 
Published: March 2021

Aim: To assess midwives' evaluation of a real-life neonatal resuscitation and their opinion on importance of resuscitation interventions.Methods: Multicenter, multi-country study.Setting: Beira Central Hospital (Mozambique) and Azienda Ospedale-Università di Padova (Italy).Subjects: Sixteen Mozambican midwives and 18 Italian midwives.Interventions: Midwives' assessment was evaluated by using a predefined score, which graded each resuscitation intervention (0–2 points) and summed to a total score for each step (initial steps, bag-mask ventilation, and chest compressions). All scores were compared with referral scores given by two expert neonatologists.Results: Both Mozambican and Italian midwives overestimated their performance regarding of initial steps taken during resuscitation, chest compressions, high-oxygen concentrations (p &lt; 0.01), and underestimated the importance of stimulation (p &lt; 0.05). Mozambicans overestimated suctioning (p &lt; 0.001). Participants agreed with experts about the importance of equipment preparation, using a warmer, drying the newborn, removing wet linen and heart rate assessment.Conclusion: Mozambican and Italian midwives overestimated the performance of a real-life neonatal resuscitation, with heterogeneous evaluation of the importance of several aspects of neonatal resuscitation. These findings may be useful for identifying educational goals.
Employment Status and Health Literacy in Denmark: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Svendsen Ida W. , Damgaard Maria B. , Bak Carsten K. , Bøggild Henrik , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Svendsen Majbritt T. , Berg-Beckhoff Gabriele 
Published: March 2021

Objectives:Examining whether specific population groups who are not working and those who have an employment have the same health literacy level.Methods:Data were retrieved from a nationally representative cross-sectional study of the Danish population conducted with the health literacy questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q16) in 2016 and 2017. Socio-demographic characteristics were drawn from national registers. Odds ratio for the association between employment status and health literacy was estimated from logistic regression models, adjusted for socio-demographic characteristics. Probability weights were used to adjust for differences in responses.Results:Logistic regression analyses showed that receiving unemployment benefits, social assistance, employment and support allowance, retirement pension and sickness benefit were significantly associated with having inadequate health literacy compared to being employed in any industry. The highest odds ratio for inadequate health literacy was present for receiving unemployment benefit OR = 1.78 (95% CI: 1.23–2.56).Conclusion:Population groups not working and receiving economic public support have higher odds of inadequate health literacy competencies compared to those active in the labor force, considering age and socioeconomic factors. The result contributes to understanding health disparities in connection to occupational situation.
Early-Life Exposure to the Chinese Great Famine and Later Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Wang Zhenghe , Dong Yanhui , Xu Rongbin , Wang Xijie , Li Yanhui , Zou Zhiyong 
Published: March 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the association between early life famine exposure and adulthood cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) risk.Methods: A total of 5,504 subjects were selected using their birthdate from national baseline data of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey to analyze the association between famine exposure in early life and CVDs risk in adulthood. CVDs was defined based on the self-reported doctor’s diagnosis.Results: The prevalence of CVDs in the unexposed group, fetal-exposed, infant-exposed, and preschool-exposed groups was 15.0%, 18.0%, 21.0%, and 18.3%, respectively. Compared with the unexposed group, fetal-exposed, infant-exposed and preschool-exposed groups had higher CVDs risk in adulthood (p &lt; 0.05). Compared with the age-matched control group, infancy exposed to famine had a significantly higher adulthood CVDs risk (OR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.15, 2.01; p = 0.006). The association seems to be stronger among population with higher education level (Pinteraction = 0.043). Sensitivity analysis revealed consistent association between early-life famine exposure and adult CVDs risk.Conclusion: Early life exposed to the China great famine may elevate the risk of CVDs in adulthood.
ПРОФЕСІЙНА ПІДГОТОВКА МАЙБУТНІХ ПЕДАГОГІВ ЗАСОБАМИ ДИСТАНЦІЙНОГО НАВЧАННЯ В УМОВАХ КАРАНТИНУ
Authors: Цюняк Оксана 
Published: March 2021

У статті проаналізовано проблему професійної підготовки майбутніх педагогів в умовах карантину. Здійснено аналіз сучасних публікацій та наукових праць з досліджуваної проблеми. Акцентовано увагу на тому, що нині увесь світ опинився в умовах жорстких карантинних заходів, а навчання в умовах ізоляції стало викликом для усіх учасників освітнього процесу. Запровадження карантину та необхідність продовження освітнього процесу з використанням засобів дистанційного навчання стали справжнім випробуванням для закладів вищої освіти. Розкрито сутність поняття «дистанційне навчання». З’ясовано, що дистанційне навчання – це нова, специфічна форма навчання, основою якої є самостійна робота здобувачів освіти та широке застосування сучасних інформаційних та телекомунікаційних технологій, які дозволяють навчатися на відстані. Авторка зазначає, що дистанційне навчання сприяло створенню широких можливостей для розв’язання нових дидактичних завдань, спрямованих на забезпечення якості та ефективності реалізації професійної освіти, серед яких виокремлено професійну підготовку майбутніх педагогів у закладах вищої освіти в умовах карантину. Зроблено висновки, що професійна підготовка майбутніх педагогів в умовах карантину спрямована на глибше розуміння навчального матеріалу, формування комунікативних, інформаційних компетенцій, а засоби дистанційного навчання дають можливість отримувати освітні послуги у безпечних для життя і здоров’я умовах. Окрім того, дистанційне навчання виконує й виховну функцію – сприяє формуванню самостійності, самовдосконаленню та творчості. Також українські студенти використовують можливість користування відкритими на час карантину освітніми платформами та сервісами з усього світу, що сприяє підвищенню їхньої мотивації до навчання, рефлексії та самоаналізу.
Ключові слова: освітній процес, професійна підготовка, майбутні педагоги, дистанційна освіта, дистанційне навчання, заклад вищої освіти, пандемія, COVID-19.
АНАЛІЗ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ЦЕНТРІВ МЕДІАОСВІТИ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Головченко Гліб 
Published: March 2021

Автором оглядової статті наголошено, що епоха цифрового суспільства вимагає від нинішніх громадян вільного володіння новими навичками для успішного використання можливостей новітньої реальності – медіаінформаційними. Відтак, все більшої вагомості набуває медіаосвіта. ЮНЕСКО навіть визнає медіа освіту окремою складовою освіти. Україна вже має певний позитивні здобутки з її провадження у формальній, неформальній та інформальній освіті. У публікації здійснено спробу систематизувати набутий досвід через призму діяльності вітчизняних медіаосвітніх центрів.Для досягнення поставленої мети було використано комплекс теоретичних методів дослідження для вивчення напрямів провадження вітчизняної медіаосвіти: огляд літератури, відбір і й осмислення результатів, їх систематизація та визначення перспектив. Описано діяльність 3 визнаних вітчизняних центрів медіаосвіти: Інституту соціальної та політичної психології, Інституту вищої освіти Національної академії педагогічних наук України та Інституту екології масової інформації. Узагальнення та систематизація їх медіаосвітньої діяльності уможливили виокремлення наступних критеріїв: історичного, методичного, прогностичного. Завдяки їх використанню, було визначено й 2 нових медіаосвітніх центри в Україні: Академія преси України та Коледж преси та телебачення у м. Миколаїв. У статті проаналізовано історію їх створення, особливості розроблення та впровадження науково-навчально-методичного забезпечення, окреслено напрями їх подальшої діяльності. Таким чином, через діяльність визначених центрів медіаосвіти було простежено тенденції її розвитку на ринку освітніх послуг України. З‘ясовано, що всі медіаосвітні центри є схожими за своєю місією – медіапросвітницькою діяльністю. Водночас їх відмінності проявляються в практичному провадженні медіаосвіти. У подальшому планується дослідити особливості медіаосвітньої діяльності в дистанційному форматі, зумовленого пандемією COVID
Ключові слова: медіаосвіта, центри, Україна, медіаосвітня діяльність, аналіз.
Исследование нутриентного профиля пророщенного зерна мягкой пшеницы, выращенной в беларуси
Authors: Зенькова Мария Леонидовна , Акулич Александр Васильевич , Мельникова Людмила Александровна , Тимофеева Валентина Николаевна 
Published: March 2021

Проращивание зерна считается одним из способов улучшающим пищевую ценность и функциональные свойства зерна. Данный процесс вызывает активацию гидролитических ферментов, которые делают питательные вещества доступными для роста растения, а также для организма человека. В статье приведены исследования по содержанию пищевых веществ в пророщенном зерне мягкой пшеницы, выращенной в Беларуси. На этой основе представлен нутриентный профиль пророщенного зерна мягкой пшеницы, в котором дано содержание 42 пищевых веществ. В качестве объекта исследования использовано пророщенное зерно мягкой пшеницы влажностью (44,4±1,0)% и с размером ростков (2,0±0,5) мм. Наиболее значимыми с точки зрения обеспечения человека макронутриентами, поступающими с пророщенным зерном пшеницы, являются углеводы (37,77±0,6)% и белки (6,67±0,02)%. В пророщенном зерне пшеницы содержатся все незаменимые аминокислоты. Среди заменимых аминокислот высокое содержание глютаминовой кислоты (2456,4 мг/100 г) и пролина (958,4 мг/100 г). Сахара в пророщенном зерне пшеницы представлены D-глюкозой, D-фруктозой, сахарозой, мальтозой и лактозой. В 100 г пророщенного зерна пшеницы содержится 105 % от суточной потребности в марганце, 18,1 % в меди, 17,1 % в магнии и около 40 % от суточного потребления витамина В1 (тиамина). Кроме этого, пророщенное зерно мягкой пшеницы содержит клетчатку, в среднем 18,5% от суточной потребности в 100 г.