bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Between Renal Dysfunction and Low HDL Cholesterol Among the Elderly in China
Authors: You Aijun , Li Yaxin , Tomlinson Brian , Yue Longfei , Zhao Kaijie , Fan Huimin , Liu Zhongmin , Zhang Yuzhen , Zheng Liang 
Published: May 2021

Objective: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) have a high morbidity and mortality among the elderly. Low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), a traditional risk marker for CVD, are common in CKD patients. Little is known about the association of low HDL-C with renal dysfunction in the community dwelling population.Methods: This was a population-based cross-sectional study included 4,753 participants enrolled in a prospective study, the Shanghai Elderly Cardiovascular Health (SHECH) study. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), calculated by the Chinese Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (C-MDRD equation), was used to assess renal dysfunction. Associations between renal dysfunction and low HDL-C were evaluated using multiple logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines.Results: Of 4,649 individuals who met inclusion criteria, 620 (13.34%) had low HDL-C at &lt;40 mg/dl. In the fully adjusted model, lower eGFR of &lt;60 ml/min/1.73 m2 (OR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.21–3.43) and marginal eGFR of 60 to 90 ml/min/1.73 m2 (OR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.01–1.58) were significantly associated with low HDL-C, compared with normal eGFR of ≥90 ml/min/1.73 m2. Moreover, consistent findings were obtained in subsidiary analyses using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation. Fully adjusted cubic spline models indicated a significant dose-response relationship between eGFR and low HDL-C (P for non-linearity, 0.356).Conclusion: In this general elderly population, renal dysfunction was independently and significantly associated with low HDL-C, and the prevalence of low HDL-C increased with decreasing eGFR, such that even slight changes in renal function may be associated with altered lipid levels.
LncRNA PITPNA-AS1 as a Potential Diagnostic Marker and Therapeutic Target Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression via Modulating miR-448/ROCK1 Axis
Authors: Wang Qing-fang , Wang Qing-lin , Cao Ming-bo 
Published: May 2021

Background: Long non-coding RNAs are critical to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) developments. LncRNA PITPNA antisense RNA 1 (PITPNA-AS1) is a new regulator in several tumors. However, the mechanism by which PITPNA-AS1 mediates the tumorigenesis of HCC remains unclear.Methods: RT-qPCR was used to detect the level of PITPNA-AS1 in HCC specimens and cells. The biological functions of PITPNA-AS1 were explored by several functional experiments in vivo and in vitro. The binding relationship among PITPNA-AS1, miR-448 and ROCK1 were studied by Luciferase assay and pull-down assays.Results: We found that PITPNA-AS1 expressions were distinctly upregulated in both HCC specimens and cell lines. High PITPNA-AS1 levels were an unfavorable biomarker for patients with HCC. Functionally, knockdown of PITPNA-AS1 suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC cells. Mechanistically, PITPNA-AS1 functioned as competing endogenous RNA to increase ROCK1 expressions via sponging miR-448.Conclusion: The newly identified PITPNA-AS/miR-448/ROCK1 axis promoted the oncogenicity of HCC cells. This novel axis is likely to be a promising HCC therapeutic aim.
A Novel Cross-Linked Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carrier, YQ23, Extended the Golden Hour for Uncontrolled Hemorrhagic Shock in Rats and Miniature Pigs
Authors: Kuang Lei , Zhu Yu , Wu Yue , Tian Kunlun , Peng Xiaoyong , Xue Mingying , Xiang Xinming , Lau Billy , Tzang Fei Chuen , Liu Liangming , Li Tao 
Published: May 2021

Background: Hypotensive resuscitation is widely applied for trauma and war injury to reduce bleeding during damage-control resuscitation, but the treatment time window is limited in order to avoid hypoxia-associated organ injury. Whether a novel hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (HBOC), YQ23 in this study, could protect organ function, and extend the Golden Hour for treatment is unclear.Method: Uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock rats and miniature pigs were infused with 0.5, 2, and 5% YQ23 before bleeding was controlled, while Lactate Ringer’s solution (LR) and fresh whole blood plus LR (WB + LR) were set as controls. During hypotensive resuscitation the mean blood pressure was maintained at 50–60 mmHg for 60 min. Hemodynamics, oxygen delivery and utilization, blood loss, fluid demand, organ function, animal survival as well as side effects were observed. Besides, in order to observe whether YQ23 could extend the Golden Hour, the hypotensive resuscitation duration was extended to 180 min and animal survival was observed.Results: Compared with LR, infusion of YQ23 in the 60 min pre-hospital hypotensive resuscitation significantly reduced blood loss and the fluid demand in both rats and pigs. Besides, YQ23 could effectively stabilize hemodynamics, and increase tissue oxygen consumption, increase the cardiac output, reduce liver and kidney injury, which helped to reduce the early death and improve animal survival. In addition, the hypotensive resuscitation duration could be extended to 180 min using YQ23. Side effects such as vasoconstriction and renal injury were not observed. The beneficial effects of 5% YQ23 are equivalent to similar volume of WB + LR.Conclusion: HBOC, such as YQ23, played vital roles in damage-control resuscitation for emergency care and benefited the uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock in the pre-hospital treatment by increasing oxygen delivery, reducing organ injury. Besides, HBOC could benefit the injured and trauma patients by extending the Golden Hour.
Mental Health Status of the Elderly Chinese Population During COVID-19: An Online Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Zhou Rui , Chen Hao , Zhu Lin , Chen Ying , Chen Boyan , Li Ying , Chen Zhi , Zhu Haihong , Wang Hongmei 
Published: May 2021

Background: COVID-19 not only threatened the public's physical health but also brought unbearable psychological pressure, especially for those vulnerable groups like the elderly. However, studies on the psychological status of older adults during this public health emergency remained scant. This study aims to investigate the mental health status among the elderly Chinese population during COVID-19 pandemic and determine the influencing factors of psychological symptoms.Methods: From February 19 to March 19, 2020, an online survey was administered to Chinese older adults using a convenience sampling method. Information on demographic data, health status and other epidemic related factors were collected. Specifically, the study defined the psychological status as five primary disorder–depression, neurasthenia, fear, anxiety, and hypochondria–which were assessed by the Psychological Questionnaire for Emergent Event of Public Health (PQEEPH). Standard descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to analyze the data.Results: Of 1,501 participants recruited from 31 provinces in China, 1,278 were valid for further analysis. Participants' scores on each sub-scale were described in median and interquartile [M(Q)]: depression [0.00 (0.33)], neurasthenia [0.00 (0.40)], fear [1.00 (0.83)], anxiety [0.00 (0.17)], hypochondria [0.00 (0.50)]. Chronic diseases (depression p = 0.001; neurasthenia p &lt; 0.001; fear p = 0.023; anxiety p &lt; 0.001; hypochondria p = 0.001) and the BMI index (depression p = 0.015; neurasthenia p = 0.046; fear p = 0.016; anxiety p = 0.015; hypochondria p = 0.013) had significant impacts on all of the five sub-scales. Specifically, the rural dwellers had a higher level of neurasthenia, fear, and hypochondria. Besides, education level (p = 0.035) and outbreak risk level (p = 0.004) had significant impacts on the depression. Higher household monthly income per capita (p = 0.031), and the community-level entry/exit control (p = 0.011) are factors against anxiety.Conclusions: Most elderly residents reported mild negative emotions during COVID-19 and more attention should be paid to the recognition and alleviation of fear. Our findings also identified factors associated with the mental health status of the elderly, which is of practical significance in the design and implementation of psychological interventions for this vulnerable population during COVID-19 and future emerging diseases.
I Spy Transits and Pulsations: Empirical Variability in White Dwarfs Using Gaia and the Zwicky Transient Facility
Authors: Guidry Joseph A. , Vanderbosch Zachary P. , Hermes J. J. , Barlow Brad N. , Lopez Isaac D. , Boudreaux Thomas M. , Corcoran Kyle A. , Bell Keaton J. , Montgomery M. H. , Heintz Tyler M. , Castanheira Barbara G. , Reding Joshua S. , Dunlap Bart H. , Winget D. E. , Winget Karen I. , Kuehne J. W. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We present a novel method to detect variable astrophysical objects and transient phenomena using anomalous excess scatter in repeated measurements from public catalogs of Gaia DR2 and Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) DR3 photometry. We first provide a generalized, all-sky proxy for variability using only Gaia DR2 photometry, calibrated to white dwarf stars. To ensure more robust candidate detection, we further employ a method combining Gaia with ZTF photometry and alerts. To demonstrate its efficacy, we apply this latter technique to a sample of roughly 12,100 white dwarfs within 200 pc centered on the ZZ Ceti instability strip, where hydrogen-atmosphere white dwarfs are known to pulsate. By inspecting the top 1% of the samples ranked by these methods, we demonstrate that both the Gaia-only and ZTF-informed techniques are highly effective at identifying known and new variable white dwarfs, which we verify using follow-up, high-speed photometry. We confirm variability in all 33 out of 33 (100%) observed white dwarfs within our top 1% highest-ranked candidates, both inside and outside the ZZ Ceti instability strip. In addition to dozens of new pulsating white dwarfs, we also identify five white dwarfs highly likely to show transiting planetary debris; if confirmed, these systems would more than triple the number of white dwarfs known to host transiting debris.
Analysis of Solar Diameter Measurements Made at the Basilica of San Petronio during and after the Maunder Minimum
Authors: Tovar I. , Aparicio A. J. P. , Carrasco V. M. S. , Gallego M. C. , Vaquero J. M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A series of measurements of the solar diameter taken in the meridian line of the Basilica of San Petronio (Bologna, Italy) between 1655 and 1736 has been analyzed. This series is of interest because the measurement period includes the Maunder Minimum (1645–1715; hereafter MM) when solar activity was abnormally low. Some authors have suggested an increase of the solar diameter during the MM. Trying to detect these changes, statistical analyses comparing measurements taken in San Petronio during the MM (1655–1715) and other ones taken in a subsequent period (1716–1736) have been performed. Mann–Whitney U tests and Student’s t-tests indicate that there is no statistically significant difference in the medians and averages of the solar diameter in both periods. In fact, we have found differences around 0.″6 in the medians and the averages, which are below the mean accuracy of the instrument. Therefore, we conclude that there is no difference between the solar diameter value measured during the MM (1655–1715) and that for the subsequent period 1716–1736. This implies that there has not been an increase in the solar diameter of several arcseconds during the MM as has been speculated by some authors.
Exploring Mutual Information between IRIS Spectral Lines. I. Correlations between Spectral Lines during Solar Flares and within the Quiet Sun.
Authors: Panos Brandon , Kleint Lucia , Voloshynovskiy Sviatoslav 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Spectral lines allow us to probe the thermodynamics of the solar atmosphere, but the shape of a single spectral line may be similar for different thermodynamic solutions. Multiline analyses are therefore crucial, but computationally cumbersome. We investigate correlations between several chromospheric and transition region lines to restrain the thermodynamic solutions of the solar atmosphere during flares. We used machine-learning methods to capture the statistical dependencies between six spectral lines sourced from 21 large solar flares observed by NASA’s Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph. The techniques are based on an information-theoretic quantity called mutual information (MI), which captures both linear and nonlinear correlations between spectral lines. The MI is estimated using both a categorical and numeric method, and performed separately for a collection of quiet Sun and flaring observations. Both approaches return consistent results, indicating weak correlations between spectral lines under quiet Sun conditions, and substantially enhanced correlations under flaring conditions, with some line-pairs such as Mg ii and C ii having a normalized MI score as high as 0.5. We find that certain spectral lines couple more readily than others, indicating a coherence in the solar atmosphere over many scale heights during flares, and that all line-pairs are correlated to the GOES derivative, indicating a positive relationship between correlation strength and energy input. Our methods provide a highly stable and flexible framework for quantifying dependencies between the physical quantities of the solar atmosphere, allowing us to obtain a three-dimensional picture of its state.
Mrk 1239: a Type-2 Counterpart of Narrow-line Seyfert-1?
Authors: Pan Xiang , Zhou Hongyan , Yang Chenwei , Sun Luming , Smith Paul S. , Ji Tuo , Jiang Ning , Jiang Peng , Liu Wenjuan , Lu Honglin , Shi Xiheng , Dai Xuejie , Zhang Shaohua 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We present new spectrophotometric and spectropolarimetric observations of Mrk 1239, one of the 8 prototypes that defines type-1 narrow-line Seyfert galaxies (NLS1s). Unlike the other typical NLS1s though, a high degree of polarization (P ∼ 5.6%) and red optical–IR (g–W
4 = 12.35) colors suggest that Mrk 1239 is more similar to type-2 active galactic nuclei like NGC 1068. Detailed analysis of spectral energy distribution in the UV–optical–IR yields two components from the nucleus: a direct and transmitted component that is heavily obscured (E

B–V
≈ 1.6), and another indirect and scattered one with mild extinction (E

B–V
∼ 0.5). Such a two-light-paths scenario is also found in previous reports based on the X-ray data. Comparison of emission lines and the detection of He i*λ10830 BAL at [−3000, −1000] km s−1 indicates that the obscuring clouds are at physical scale between the sublimation radius and that of the narrow emission line regions. The potential existence of powerful outflows is found as both the obscurer and scatterer are outflowing. Similar to many other type-2s, jet-like structure in the radio band is found in Mrk 1239, perpendicular to the polarization angle, suggesting polar scattering. We argue that Mrk 1239 is very probably a type-2 counterpart of NLS1s. The identification of 1 out of 8 prototype NLS1s as a type-2 counterpart implies that there can be a substantial amount of analogs of Mrk 1239 misidentified as type-1s in the optical band. Properties of these misidentified objects are going to be explored in our future works.
Avances de la investigación del lupus en Latinoamérica
Authors: by PANLAR Global Rheumatology 
Published: May 2021

En este videoblog hablaremos con José Gómez-Puerta, jefe del servicio de Reumatología del Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, profesor asociado de la Universidad de Barcelona y máster en Salud Pública de la Escuela de Salud Pública de Harvard, sobre las investigaciones desarrolladas en Latinoamérica sobre el lupus por parte del grupo GLADEL, mensajes clave para pacientes y familiares, así como las relaciones existentes con el covid-19. Se trata de una conversación que busca, en palabras del doctor Gómez-Puerta, enviar un mensaje de "optimismo y tranquilidad". "El lupus es una enfermedad tratable, controlable, donde cada día se desarrollan mejores tratamientos y mejores marcadores para su diagnóstico y su control. Es muy importante que confíen en su reumatólogo, que se hagan otro cuadro y que se tome la medicación y que ante cualquier signo de alarma o síntoma fuera de lo habitual consulte al especialista", asegura.
Comparison of dosimetry parameters of three-dimensional conformational radiation therapy and volumetric modulated arc therapy on the example of treatment of a patient with salivary gland adenocarcinoma
Authors: Rakhimov A. , Zekebayev M. , Kuatbek A. , Dyachkov V. 
Published: May 2021

An optimal choice of radiation therapy method is the main prerequisite for successful completion of treatment.
Continuous analysis of radiation therapy methods’ advantages and comparing their parameters and dose load in typical cases will increase the treatment efficacy and reduce the unavoidable load on critical organs.
The purpose was to check the plans of treatment by volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) methods, make their comparison and identify the advantages using an example of a treatment design for a patient treated at the Daily Radiotherapy Hospital of the Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology (Almaty, Kazakhstan).
Results: The presented illustrations of the process planning and the numerical analysis of the dose load on critical organs show VMAT advantages for radiation therapy of salivary gland cancer: optimal coverage, sparing load on critical organs and healthy tissues, gradient decay at the borders of the neoplasm.
Conclusion: The variability of radiation therapy methods ensures the most acceptable coverage that keeps the dose load within international standards’ ranges. Mastering these methods will improve the effectiveness of radiation therapy for various cancer cases
Adaptive stabilization of state‐constrained uncertain nonholonomic system via dynamic surface control
Authors: Zhang Zhongcai , Zhang Shengmiao 
Published: May 2021

SummaryIn this presented work, a systematic adaptive stabilization control strategy is proposed for nonholonomic system with parametric uncertainties and full‐state constraints. To facilitate the handling of state constraints, the original constrained nonholonomic system is converted into a new unconstrained system by state‐dependent function transformations including discontinuous state scalings. The adaptive control algorithm is elaborated by cleverly combing the tuning function design approach with switching control strategy. In stability analysis, it is shown that the designed stabilization control method can realize the desired stabilization control aims and full‐state constraints. Simulation is carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the control scheme.
Hydrogen Gas Sensors Using Palladium Nanogaps on an Elastomeric Substrate
Authors: Lee Hyun‐Sook , Kim Jeongmin , Moon Hongjae , Lee Wooyoung 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWith the recent reillumination of the hydrogen economy around the world, the demand for H2sensors is expected to increase rapidly. Due to safety issues caused by the highly flammable and explosive character of hydrogen gas (H2), it is imperative to develop the sensors that can quickly and sensitively detect H2leaks. For the development of H2sensors, Pd‐based materials have been extensively used due to the high affinity of Pd metal for H2. Among Pd‐based H2sensors, Pd nanogap‐based sensors have been extensively investigated because these sensors can operate in an on–off manner, which enables them to have improved sensing capabilities, including high sensitivity, rapid response, short recovery time, and good reliability. Importantly, significant advances in H2‐sensing performance have been achieved by simply using an elastomeric substrate to form Pd nanogaps. Herein, the progress and advanced approaches achieved over the last decade for Pd nanogap‐based H2sensors supported on elastomeric substrates are reviewed, with a focus on strategies to reduce detection limits and increase reliability, sensitivity, and stability.
2D Electrolytes: Theory, Modeling, Synthesis, and Characterization
Authors: Costa Mariana C. F. , Marangoni Valeria S. , Trushin Maxim , Carvalho Alexandra , Lim Sharon X. , Nguyen Hang T. L. , Ng Pei Rou , Zhao Xiaoxu , Donato Ricardo K. , Pennycook Stephen J. , Sow Chorng H. , Novoselov Konstantin S. , Castro Neto Antonio H. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA class of compounds sharing the properties of 2D materials and electrolytes, namely 2D electrolytes is described theoretically and demonstrated experimentally. 2D electrolytes dissociate in different solvents, such as water, and become electrically charged. The chemical and physical properties of these compounds can be controlled by external factors, such as pH, temperature, electric permittivity of the medium, and ionic concentration. 2D electrolytes, in analogy with polyelectrolytes, present reversible morphological transitions from 2D to 1D, as a function of pH, due to the interplay of the elastic and Coulomb energies. Since these materials show stimuli‐responsive behavior to the environmental conditions, 2D electrolytes can be considered as a novel class of smart materials that expand the functionalities of 2D materials and are promising for applications that require stimuli‐responsive demeanor, such as drug delivery, artificial muscles, and energy storage.
Nutrient uptake, microstructural changes and antioxidative mechanisms in Phyllostachys vivax transplanted into coastal site
Authors: Li Juan , Cao Guohua , Cai Chunju , Mu Shaohua , Gao Jian 
Published: May 2021

AbstractChinese timber bamboo (Phyllostachys vivax McClure) has been successfully introduced to the coastal belt of eastern China. However, the mechanisms of nutrient uptake and antioxidative protection of P. vivax in response to salinity adaptation in coastal areas remains unclear. P. vivax forests were studied in their native and coastal transplantation sites within the coastal belt of China. In particular, nutrient allocation, anti‐oxidative enzyme activities, biomass accumulation, water contents, water potentials, and root system morphologies vs. microstructures were evaluated in plants from the two sites. Plant morphology adapted to the coastal saline soils by increasing root/shoot ratios and the length of large diameter rhizome, increasing vascular numbers, and lightening epidermal cells within rhizomes. The ratio of Ca2+/Na+ increased, while K+/Na+, Mg2+/Na+ decreased after transplanted to the coastal sites. Nitrogen nutrient contents were significantly positive correlated with plant growth characteristics of P. vivax. The Mg2+, Na+, and Ca2+ concentrations contributed more significantly to differences among organs, while N, Mg2+, Na+, and Ca2+ contents contributed more to root systems. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) decreased, while the levels of glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (AsA) increased in belowground tissues. In contrast, catalase (CAT) activities and protein contents were similar among plants of both sites. The contributions of CAT and proteins were higher for the principal components explaining variation among different organs, while the contributions of APX, CAT, POD, and proteins were higher for root systems.