bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Graves' Eye Disease on Levator Muscle Function
Authors: Frueh Bartley R , Garber Frank W , Musch David C 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The levator function and exophthalmometer reading were measured on each side of 81 patients with Graves' eye disease (GED) and 111 normal subjects. There was a significant positive correlation between the levator function and exophthalmometer reading for both GED patients and normal subjects. This indicates that the forward position of the eye chronically stretches the levator muscle by the addition of sarcomeres which increases the range of movement of the lid. The range of movement may be decreased in patients with Graves' eye disease, from inflammation, such as is seen with other extraocular muscles. This effect is most likely to be marked in the patient with compressive optic neuropathy.
Experiences With the Neodymium: YAG Laser: Interruption of Anterior Hyaloid Membrane of the Vitreous and Cystoid Macular Edema
Authors: Alpar John J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Patients who needed posterior capsulectomy at different times following cataract surgery were treated with:
A. The Méditée OPL3 mode-locked Nd: YAG laser
B. The LASAG Microruptor 2 Q-switched Nd:YAG laser.
Random selection determined which instrument should be used for which patient. Further random selection determined the use of placebo with topical steroids vs. topical Indomethacin and topical steroid treatment.
The results showed that there is a connection between (a) the time the posterior capsulectomy is performed after cataract surgery, (b) the number of applications used to interrupt the membrane, and (c) the integrity of the anterior hyaloid membrane.
Surgical Treatment of Overcorrection Following Radial Keratotomy: Evaluation of Clinical Effectiveness
Authors: Lindquist Thomas D , Williams Patricia A , Lindstrom Richard L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Secondary hyperopia following radial keratotomy (RK) may result from an initial overcorrection or from a continued effect of the procedure with time. We retrospectively evaluated the effect of surgical intervention for the management of overcorrection following RK in six patients who had undergone reopening of all RK incisions, followed by irrigation and closure of the incisions with 10-0 mersilene sutures. Three patients with prior 4-incision RK, with follow-up of 4 to 26 months, were steepened a mean of 1.63 diopters keratometrically; three patients with prior 8-incision RK, with follow-up of 3 to 12 months, were steepened a mean of 1.46 D keratometrically. Comparison of intraoperative with postoperative keratometry demonstrated a substantial loss of effect with time, which stabilized by 2 months in 4-incision RK patients and by 3 months in 8-incision RK patients. Nevertheless, placement of interrupted sutures across reopened radial incisions consistently induced central corneal steepening in these six patients.
Posterior Chamber IOL Implantation With Suboptimal Posterior Capsular Support
Authors: Smiddy William E , Avery Robert 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC/IOL) was implanted in 24 patients with suboptimal posterior capsular support due to preoperative or intraoperative rupture of the posterior capsule or zonules in which at least six clock hours of peripheral zonular support remained. The PC/IOLs were implanted, with ciliary sulcus haptic placement, with special attention to sulcus fixation of the haptics over the zone of residual zonular support. All of the IOLs have remained centered after a mean follow-up 10.5 months. We conclude that a PC/IOL can be successfully implanted and its position maintained if at least six clock hours of peripheral zonules remain.
Cyclophotocoagulation With the Transscleral Contact Neodymium:YAG Laser Versus Cyclocryotherapy in Rabbits
Authors: Higginbotham Eve J , Harrison Michael , Zou Xiaolian 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Either transscleral cyclophotocoagulation with the contact neodymium:YAG (Nd:YAG) laser or cyclocryotherapy (CCT) was performed in rabbits to compare the efficacy of these procedures in reducing intraocular pressure (IOP) as well as the histologic changes they induced. The difference in mean maximum reduction of IOP in the two groups was statistically insignificant, but the Nd:YAG laser irradiation, using 2.5 J, destroyed less tissue than the CCT.
Argon Laser Trabeculoplasty Medical Therapy to Prevent the Intraocular Pressure Rise Associated With Argon Laser Trabeculoplasty
Authors: Robin Alan L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A prospective, randomized, investigator-masked, parallel study compared the capability of five different intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering agents to prevent acute IOP elevations following argon laser trabeculoplasty. Two hundred sixty eyes (patients) received either apraclonidine 1% (125 eyes), pilocarpine hydrochloride 4% (37 eyes), timolol maleate 0.5% (35 eyes), dipivefrin 0.1% (32 eyes), or acetazolamide 250 mg (31 eyes) both 1 hour before and immediately following 360-degree argon laser trabeculoplasty. Apraclonidine was the only medication that significantly decreased mean IOP from baseline. Only 4 (3%) of the apraclonidine-treated eyes had IOP rises greater than 5 mm Hg. This frequency was significantly lower than that found in eyes treated with acetazolamide (39%), dipivefrin (38%), pilocarpine (33%), or timolol (32%).
Surface-Wrinkling Maculopathy as a Potential Complication of Trabeculectomy: A Case Report
Authors: Detry-Morel M , Kittel B , Lemagne J M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We report a case of "crinkled cellophane maculopathy" which developed during the first few days following an uneventful trabeculectomy in a high myopic patient with primary open-angle glaucoma. We suggest pathogenic mechanisms that may have induced such premacular lesions, emphasizing the patient's high myopia combined with a postoperative inflammatory reaction.
Infection Following Strabismus Surgery
Authors: Ing Malcolm R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Sixty-three strabismus surgeons were surveyed regarding the incidence of infection they found following strabismus surgery and their use of preoperative and postoperative antibiotics to prevent or treat such infections. Cellulitis was rare (1 per 1900 cases) and endophthalmitis was even rarer (1 per 30 000 cases). Infection was not entirely prevented by either preoperative or postoperative topical antibiotics. Twelve surgeons reported using no antibiotics but did not report higher rates of infection than those who did use them.
The Effect of Aminoguanidine on the Blood- Retinal Barrier in Streptozocin- Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Cho Ho Kyun , Kozu Hitoshi , Peyman Gholam A , Parry Gareth J , Khoobehi Bahram 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The effect of aminoguanidine hydrochloride (AG) on the blood-retinal barrier was studied in rats with streptozocin-induced diabetes. Half of the rats were given AG (100 mg/kg/day) while the remainder received no treatment. Vitreous fluorophotometry was performed on ad rats before STZ infection and 2 weeks after induction of diabetes mellitus. Two weeks after STZ injection the mean 60-minute vitreous fluorescein concentration following dye injection had increased more in the nontreated group than in the AG-treated group, suggesting that AG may have some beneficial effect on the breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier.
Intravitreal Suture: A Complication of Pterygium Surgery
Authors: Solomon Arieh , Rosen Nachum , Treister Giora , Bartov Elisha 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Among the complications associated with pterygium surgery, scleral perforation is mentioned in cases where subconjunctival tissue must be separated from the sclera.1,2 We present a case in which such a perforation and consequent suturing resulted in an intravitreous migration of a suture. We believe this is the first report of such a complication following pterygium surgery.
Combined Vitrectomy, Cataract Extraction, and Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Implantation in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Menchini Ugo , Azzolini Claudio , Camesasca Fabrizio I , Brancato Rosario 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Combined extracapsular cataract extraction, pars plana vitrectomy, and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation was performed in six eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. These eyes all had minimal iris vascular changes and were at reasonably low risk for developing intraoperative and postoperative complications. The surgery must be relatively brief and the endophotocoagulation accurate. Initial visual acuities ranged from light perception to 4/200. With an average follow-up of 9.7 months, final acuities ranged from 4/200 to 20/40.
Errors in IOL Power Calculations for Axial High Myopia
Authors: Kora Yukiko , Koike Masanao , Suzuki Youichi , Inatomi Makoto , Fukado Yoshinao , Ozawa Tetsuma 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We studied 115 eyes with axial lengths of 27 mm or more after implantation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens in order to determine discrepancies between the predicted refractions and the actual postoperative refractions. We then reviewed the three major variables used to predict refractions in these eyes-corneal curvature, anterior chamber depth, and axial length measurements-in an attempt to determine whether any of these variables were correlated with the discrepancies. We found that the main reason for postoperative refractive error was inaccurate measurements of preoperative axial length.
Surgical Treatment of Thyroid Related Lid Retraction: A New Variation
Authors: Levine Mark R , Chu Alfredo 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We describe a cutaneous approach for retraction of the upper eyelid which incorporates a levator aponeurotic/Mueller's muscle recession with maintenance of the normal orbital septum levator aponeurosis anatomy. With success defined as asymmetry between the two eyelids of 1 mm or less, with a marginal reflex distance as dose to 4 mm as possible, this technique was successful in 87% of 15 consecutive patients. All patients reported improved comfort. This approach is quick and easy, bleeding is minimal, height and contour are predictable, the upper eyelid crease is preserved, and spacers are avoided, with less postoperative eyelid thickening and reaction.
Combined Relaxing Incisions and Epikeratophakia for the Correction of Aphakia and High Postkeratoplasty Degree Astigmatism
Authors: Busin Massimo 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A combined surgical procedure consisting of corneal relaxing incisions and epikeratophakia was used to correct high-degree postkeratoplasty astigmatism and aphakia in two patients. Both patients achieved their final refractive result as soon as 1 month after suture removal (2 and 3 months after surgery, respectively). Keratometric readings showed a reduction of approximately 20.00 diopters in one case and 10.00 D in the other, while the spherical equivalent changed from +10.00 D to +0.50 D in one eye and from +7.50 D to +1.75 D in the other. Spectacle correction was prescribed for both patients. At the last follow-up visit, about 2 years after surgery, these values were unchanged. The main advantage of the combined technique over two separate procedures was that postoperative visual rehabilitation was faster. Equally important was the stability of the refractive result over a long period of time after surgery, as well as the absence of negative effects on the preexisting corneal graft. In spite of the technical complexity of a combined surgical procedure, this approach probably represents the best choice in rare cases such as the ones reported here.
Nocardia Asteroides Infection Following Scleral Buckling
Authors: King Lowrey P , Furlong William B , Gilbert William S , Levy Charles 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We report a case of delayed external ocular Nocardia asteroides infection following scleral buckling for rhegmatogenous detachment. Surgical removal of the exoplant material allowed isolation and identification of the organism. Topical and systemic antibiotic therapy following exoplant removal yielded a favorable result.
Pigmented Pupillary Pseudomembranes as a Complication of Argon Laser Iridotomy
Authors: Geyer Orna , Mayron Yoram , Rothkoff Leonard , Lazar Moshe 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Two cases are reported in which pupillary pigment occlusion occurred after argon laser iridotomy, reducing visual acuity and preventing fundus visualization. Laser-induced inflammation and subsequent long-term miotic therapy are probably responsible for this complication. Periodic pupillary dilatation is recommended in eyes that require miotics to control their intraocular pressure after laser iridotomy.
An Aqueous Paracentesis Pipet
Authors: O'Rourke James , Taylor Daniel M , McDonald Patricia , Kreutzer Donald L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We describe a glass pipet tipped with a short, sharp, 30-gauge needle for performing aqueous paracentesis. The design eliminates the possibility of needle bending and minimizes frictional resistance during limbus penetration; it also allows quicker recovery of aqueous samples. A small plastic bulb at the upper end facilitates removal of aqueous samples from the pipet.
Visual Outcome in Pseudophakic Eyes With Clinical Cystoid Macular Edema
Authors: Ruiz Richard S , Saatci Osman A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Thirty-nine eyes with clinical cystoid macular edema (CME) following extracapsular cataract extraction and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation were reviewed retrospectively. Chronic CME, defined as clinically symptomatic CME persisting more than 6 months, developed in 14 of the 39 eyes (36%): in 5 of the 7 (71%) eyes in which vitreous loss occurred and anterior chamber IOLs were implanted; and in 9 of 32 (28%) eyes in which no complications occurred and posterior chamber IOLs were implanted. The mean duration between diagnosis and last follow-up visit was 34 months. Only 4 of the 14 eyes (29%) with chronic CME achieved a visual acuity better than 20/40. Vitreous loss did not affect long-term visual prognosis.
Cystoid Macular Edema Secondary to Juxtafoveolar Telangiectasis in Coats' Disease
Authors: Lee Soon T , Friedman Scott M , Rubin Melvin L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A 28-year-old man with unilateral Coats' disease and cystoid macular edema secondary to juxtafoveolar telangiectasis underwent successful juxtafoveolar argon green laser photocoagulation therapy with resolution of the edema and improvement in metamorphopsia and visual acuity. Despite this success, the effect of laser therapy in these patients remains uncertain. It should be considered only after detailed discussion with the patient about the possibility of posttreatment paracentral scotomata and the alternative of a reasonable period of observation for possible spontaneous resolution of the edema.
Methylene Blue Stain Guiding Layered Excision in Mohs' Micrographic Surgery
Authors: Yu David D , Yeatts Patrick , Leshin Barry 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Resection of a continuous layer of tissue by means of Mobs' micrographic surgery is problematic at several periorbital sites. We describe a technique in which methylene blue is used to identify instances of incomplete specimen removal and thus facilitate subsequent complete removal.
The Effect of Glaucoma Filtering Surgery on Corneal Endothelial Cell Density
Authors: Smith David L , Skuta Gregory L , Lindenmuth Kim A , Musch David C , Bergstrom Terry J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Corneal endothelial cell counts were obtained preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively in 46 eyes undergoing glaucoma filtering surgery. Average central endothelial cell loss in eyes without postoperative iridocorneal touch was 1.6%. In eyes with iridocorneal touch (Spaeth's grades 1 and 2), the average cell counts decreased by 7.1% and 9.3%, respectively. The average loss for combined grades 1 and 2 (8.1%) approached statistical significance (P ± .06). The average loss in two patients with corneolenticular touch (Spaeth's grade 3) was greater than 50%. These findings suggest that early postoperative iridocorneal touch is unlikely to lead to corneal compromise in most eyes, but that corneolenticular touch can result in severe endothelial cell loss.
Maintaining Nearly Physiologic Intraocular Pressure Levels Prior to Tying the Sutures During Cataract Surgery Reduces Surgically-Induced Astigmatism
Authors: Ashkenazi Isaac , Avni Isaac , Blumenthal Michael 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We sought to determine whether maintaining nearly physiologic levels of intraocular pressure (IOP) before the final tying of sutures in cataract surgery can help minimize postoperative-induced astigmatism. We compared the postoperative astigmatic decay curves of two similar groups of 18 patients who had undergone cataract surgery, in one of which IOP had been maintained at 17 mm Hg prior to the final tying of sutures, and in the other of which the eyes were hypotonus (3 mm Hg) at this point. Initial with-therule cylinder change was significantly less and astigmatic decay occurred earlier in the former group.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Intraocular Tamponades
Authors: Yoshida Akitoshi , Cheng Hong-Ming , Kwong Kenneth K , Ogasawara Hironobu , Garrido Leoncio , McMeel J Wallace 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The efficacy of proton magnetic resonance imaging in differentiating vitreous from C3F8 gas and silicone oil tamponades, and in detecting fresh hemorrhages and condensed vitreous was tested in rabbits in vivo. The results suggest that this imaging method could provide a useful alternative to ultrasonography, especially in eyes with opaque media.
Orbital Exenteration With Eyelid Sparing: Indications, Technique, and Results
Authors: Shields Jerry A , Shields Carol L , Suvarnamani Chanet , Tantisira Melanie , Shah Pankajkumar 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Of 22 orbital exenterations performed from January 1980 to December 1989, 16 were performed by an eyelid-sparing technique, and six were allowed to heal by spontaneous granulation. Reviewing these procedures, we conclude that the eyelid-sparing method is indicated mainly for advanced primary orbital malignancies and for certain secondary orbital malignancies such as orbital extension of uveal melanoma, conjunctival melanoma, and conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma. It is not usually applicable to orbital invasion of malignant eyelid tumors such as basal cell carcinoma and sebaceous gland carcinoma. Advantages of the eyelid-sparing method are more rapid healing and earlier fitting of a prosthesis.
Modified Levator Aponeurosis Recession for Upper Eyelid Retraction in Graves' Disease
Authors: Harvey John T , Corin Scott , Nixon Donald , Veloudios Angela 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Recession of the levator aponeurosis has proved to be an excellent operation to correct upper eyelid retraction in Graves' disease. Harvey and Anderson's original description1 included recession of the levator aponeurosis along its entire width and complete extirpation of Müller's muscle. In a modification of the technique, we recess only the lateral two thirds of the levator/Müller's complex. Also, rather than excising Müller's muscle, we simply recess it en bloc with the levator aponeurosis. The lateral horn of the levator is cut, as previously advocated, to relieve the marked temporal elevation of the eyelid characteristic of Graves' lid retraction. This modified procedure provides good upper lid lengthening, with less surgical manipulation, less bleeding, and avoids medial overcorrections. Of 22 upper lids (12 patients) treated with this procedure, 19 (86.3%) were considered "good" after the operation.
The Glaucoma Laser Trial: 4. Contralateral Effects of Timolol on the Intraocular Pressure of Eyes Treated With ALT
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Several reports have documented a contralateral intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering effect after unilateral instillation of timolol. Data derived from the Glaucoma Laser Trial (GLT), a randomized trial of the efficacy and safety of argon laser trabeculoplasty (ALT) as compared with the efficacy and safety of topical medications as initial therapy for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), demonstrated an estimated mean pressure reduction of 0.5 mm Hg in the contralateral eye that had received ALT. This contralateral effect is smaller than that observed in other studies of POAG patients. Lower initial IOP, longer duration of treatment with timolol, and/or improved outflow facility modulation in the ALT-treated eyes may be responsible for the smaller contralateral effect of timolol observed in the GLT patients.
The Effect of Dexamethasone on the Inhibition of Pseudophakic Bacterial Endophthalmitis
Authors: Wahl John C , Elliott Ross D , Katz Harold R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We investigated the effect of dexamethasone on gentamicin prophylaxis of Pseudophakie bacterial endophthalmitis in a rabbit model. In 20 eyes treated with gentamicin and either dexamethasone or dexamethasone vehicle, there were no cases of either clinical or culture-positive endophthalmitis.
Repair of Inferior Iridodialysis Using a Partial-Thickness Scleral Flap
Authors: Kervick Gerard N , Johnston Stewart S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We present a technique of inferior iridodialysis repair using a partial-thickness scleral flap, which, in turn, employs a modification of the technique currently used to suture posterior chamber intraocular lenses under scleral flaps.
Simplified Limbal Incision for Extraocular Rectus Muscle Surgery
Authors: Caputo Anthony R , Guo Suqin , DeRespinis Patrick , Wagner Rudolph S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We describe a limbal incision for extraocular muscle surgery which involves only one incision to the conjunctival-Tenon's layer instead of the three separate incisions required in the standard limbal approach. Based on the 316 extraocular muscle operations in which we have used this one-snip procedure, we conclude that it is simpler and faster than the standard limbal incision, and that it provides good surgical exposure and probably less tissue damage.
Infectious Crystalline Keratopathy Occurring in an Eye Subsequent to Glaucoma Filtering Surgery With Postoperative Subconjunctival 5-Fluorouracil
Authors: Patitsas Christopher , Rockwood Edward J , M Meisler David , McMahon James T 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We present a case of infectious crystalline keratopathy occurring after 5-fluorouracil filtering surgery. The patient had discrete, branching, white crystalline lesions in the anterior corneal stroma. Cultures grew Streptococcus viridans, and gram-positive cocci were demonstrated in corneal tissue biopsy specimens. Toxic and immunosuppressive properties of 5- fluorouracil may have participated in the pathogenesis of the infectious crystalline keratitis.
Total Pupillary Capture With a Foldable Silicone Intraocular Lens
Authors: Bucci Frank A , Lindstrom Richard L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We report a case of total pupillary capture on the 1st postoperative day in a patient who had undergone phacoemulsification and placement of a silicone foldable posterior chamber intraocular lens. Anterior displacement of the lens optic resulted in 2.25 diopters of induced myopia. Dilation of the pupil corrected the lens capture and reversed the induced myopia, yielding a refraction of piano. Higher rates of pupillary capture have been associated with sulcus fixation and nonangulated flexible (polypropylene) haptics. Contraction of the capsular bag on the flexible polypropylene haptics of this silicone lens is thought to force the optic anteriorly, increasing the probability of lens capture by the iris.