bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cancer-Associated Splanchnic Vein Thrombosis
Authors: Cohen Omri , Caiano Lucia Maria , Tufano Antonella , Ageno Walter 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSplanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT), which includes portal, mesenteric, and splenic vein thrombosis and the Budd–Chiari syndrome, is an infrequent manifestation of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Like typical site VTE, SVT is also frequently associated with cancer, particularly intra-abdominal solid malignancies and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). The clinical presentation of SVT is nonspecific. Symptoms may be related to the underlying malignancy, and thrombosis is incidentally diagnosed by imaging studies for cancer staging or follow-up in a substantial proportion of cases. The occurrence of SVT predicts worse prognosis in patients with liver or pancreatic cancer and, not uncommonly, SVT may precede the diagnosis of cancer. Therefore, the occurrence of an apparently unprovoked SVT should prompt careful patient evaluation for the presence of an underlying malignancy or MPN. Cancer patients carry a high risk of VTE extension and recurrence and long-term anticoagulant treatment is suggested in the absence of high risk of bleeding. Either LMWH or direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are suggested for the treatment of patients with cancer-related SVT, although limited experience is available on the use of DOACs in these settings. Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) are suggested for the short and long-term treatment of SVT associated with MPN. This review outlines the epidemiological aspects, pathogenesis, risk factors, and diagnosis of cancer-associated SVT, and addresses questions regarding the management of this challenging condition.
Imaging Characteristics and Management of Infected Hepatic Hemangioma: Case-in Discussion
Authors: Ginting Karolin , Tailor Anisha , Braverman Timothy , Agarwal Ajay , Allamaneni Shyam 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHepatic hemangiomas are the most common type of benign liver tumors. We present a case of an infected hepatic hemangioma, which posed a diagnostic challenge. A 43-year-old female presented with right upper quadrant pain after blunt force trauma and intentional weight loss. CT and MRI were done, showing a posterior right lobe liver mass. Imaging characteristics were thought to be suggestive of metastatic disease, with a differential diagnosis of abscess. Drainage and biopsy of the mass revealed Streptococcus sp. infection, and pathology showed a cavernous hemangioma with inflammation. Patients presenting with systemic symptoms and an indeterminate liver mass on imaging should be evaluated for infected hepatic hemangiomas. Biopsy may be needed to rule out cancer. Management may include surgical resection; however, antibiotics and percutaneous drainage can suffice, as in this case.
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated with COVID-19: An Interim Review
Authors: Behera Jyoti R. , Jain Mukesh Kumar , Sahu Sanjay K. , Patnaik Sibabratta 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe pediatric population is relatively less affected by novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) compared with adults, both in numbers and severity. However, evolution of a new entity, named multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), has led to significant number of children being admitted to hospital, especially to intensive care units. Case definitions of MIS-C have been defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) separately. Autoantibodies and antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) are the key factors proposed in pathogenesis, leading to immune dysregulation, and cytokine storm. Three distinct clinical types are observed as follows: (1) fever and elevated inflammatory markers with no end-organ damage; (2) shock with severe myocardial dysfunction similar to toxic shock syndrome (TSS); and (3) with mucocutaneous features like Kawasaki's disease (KD). Cardiovascular and gastrointestinal symptoms are the predominant presentations. Inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, and interleukin (IL)-6 are raised along with high D-dimer and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Echocardiography may demonstrate low left ventricular ejection fraction (<50%) and/or coronary aneurysms. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is usually negative, with most having antibodies against the virus. KD, KD shock syndrome (KDSS), and toxic shock syndrome (TSS) are the important differential diagnoses to be considered. Immunomodulatory therapy is the cornerstone of the management. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is preferred, the next option being steroids. Supportive care, antiplatelet, and anticoagulation medications, when indicated, are also vital aspects of treatment plan. The prognosis is favorable with low mortality but meticulous cardiac monitoring and follow-up by a multidisciplinary team is very important. Being an evolving disease, future research may reveal different manifestations, newer diagnostic modalities, and better treatment options.
Thrown off track? Adjustments of Asian business to shock events
Authors: Horn Sierk , Sekiguchi Tomoki , Weiss Matthias 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe need for a better understanding of radical uncertainty might have never been greater. Ill-preparedness for natural hazards, a resurgence of serious public health concerns or illusions of control over unruly technology question the extent to which we can ‘really’ shape the world around us. Human-made crises, too, test how we routinely do things. We ask how organisations and actors within them prepare for a collapse of meaning and practise radical uncertainty. Given the breadth and depth of the region’s energy (and, as some would argue, turbulences), Asia provides a fitting context for exploring accommodation to and learning from low-probability, high-impact incidents. By reviewing the business and management research on shocks in Asia, we find that there is a strong human side to dealing with the unknown. We argue that what organisations and actors within them do prior, during and after a shock event is substantially contingent upon cultural environments. To elaborate, we discuss the role of the uncertainty avoidance dimension of national culture in dealing with shock events. We further combine this dimension with the universalism-particularism dimension to discuss future research directions. Our exploration of resultant differences in preparedness, resourcefulness and learning offers a more rounded inquiry into how Asian business actors deal with shocks.
A compact 4 GW pulse generator based on pulse forming network-Marx for high-power microwave application
Authors: Zhang Haoran , Shu Ting , Li Zhiqiang , Zhang Zicheng , Li Wei , Li Da 
Published: June 2021

A compact PFN (pulse forming network)-Marx generator, which is based on mica capacitors, is constructed to generate intense electron beams for the purpose of high-power microwave generation. The key components of the generator, including a PFN-Marx, a trigger source, a multi-stage gas switch, and a load, are introduced in this paper. The PFN-Marx is composed of 19 PFN modules, which are formed by four mica capacitors in parallel. The temperature characteristics and pulse characteristics are tested in this study. The mica capacitor is insensitive to the temperature, and its lifetime is tens of thousands. Considering the influence of the ultraviolet light pre-ionization, gas gap switches are assembled in a nylon house. The trigger source, which is a mini-Marx generator based on the integration into the magnetic transformer and the magnetic switch, is used for increasing the stability of the switches. The generator has been tested on a water load and a relative magnetron. The experimental results show that this generator can deliver electrical pulses with the pulse width of 120 ns and the amplitude of 400 kV on a 40-Ω water load at a repetition rate of 50 Hz. In addition, utilizing the generator to drive a Ku band magnetron at a voltage level of 330 kV, a 500 MW microwave pulse with the pulse width of 50 ns at the frequency of 14.4 GHz is obtained.
Chemical transformation of molecular ices containing N2O and C2D2 by low energy electrons: New chemical species of astronomical interest
Authors: Mirsaleh-Kohan Nasrin , Esmaili Sasan , Bass Andrew D. , Huels Michael A. , Sanche Leon 
Published: June 2021

We have employed electron stimulated desorption (ESD) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to study the chemical species generated from multilayer films of N2O, C2D2, and mixtures thereof (i.e., N2O/C2D2) by the impact of low energy electrons with energies between 30 and 70 eV. Our ESD results for pure films of N2O show the production of numerous fragment cations and anions, and of larger molecular ions, of sufficient kinetic energy to escape into vacuum, which are likely formed by ion–molecule scattering in the film. Ion–molecule scattering is also responsible for the production of cations from C2D2 films that contain as many as six or seven carbon atoms. Many of the same anions and cations desorb from N2O/C2D2 mixtures, as well as new species, which is the result of ion–molecule scattering in the film. Anion desorption signals further indicate the formation of C–N containing species within the irradiated films. XPS spectra of N1s, C1s, and O1s lines reveal the fragmentation of N–O bonds and gradual formation of molecules containing species containing O–C=O, C=O, and C–O functional groups. A comparison between ESD and XPS findings suggests that species observed in the ESD channel are primarily products of reactions taking place at the film–vacuum interface, while those observed in the XPS derive from reactions occurring within the solid.
Long distance optical transport of ultracold atoms: A compact setup using a Moiré lens
Authors: Unnikrishnan G. , Beulenkamp C. , Zhang D. , Zamarski K. P. , Landini M. , Nägerl H.-C. 
Published: June 2021

We present a compact and robust setup to optically transport ultracold atoms over long distances. Using a focus-tunable moiré lens that has recently appeared in the market, we demonstrate transport of up to a distance of 465 mm. A transfer efficiency of 70% is achieved with a negligible temperature change at 11 μK. With its high thermal stability and low astigmatism, the moiré lens is superior to fluid-based varifocal lenses. It is much more compact and stable than a lens mounted on a linear translation stage, allowing for simplified experimental setups.
Investigation of UV filaments and their applications
Authors: Rastegari Ali , Diels Jean-Claude 
Published: June 2021

UV laser pulses at 266 nm with 170 ps duration and up to 300 mJ energy create UV filaments. The effects of different beam preparation scenarios on UV filamentation are discussed. Beam preparation by focusing in vacuum and launching into the atmosphere through an aerodynamic window establishes the existence of filaments as self-guided non-diffracting entities. In addition, focusing through the aerodynamic window converts the initial super-Gaussian into a parabolic beam profile at the edge of the nonlinear medium (air). The shock-wave generated by the UV filament is investigated via shadowgraphy techniques. The shock-wave is cylindrically symmetric, leaving a low density channel behind, which is well-sustained for 1 ms, as it propagates outward. This low density channel is a waveguide that can be used for guiding purposes. Applications of UV filaments including guiding, remote sensing, and drag reduction for supersonic aircrafts are discussed.
Torsional fracture of viscoelastic liquid bridges
Authors: Chan San To , van Berlo Frank P. A. , Faizi Hammad A. , Matsumoto Atsushi , Haward Simon J. , Anderson Patrick D. , Shen Amy Q. 
Published: June 2021

Significance
Dispensing of viscoelastic fluids is common in applications like electronic packaging, food engineering, and additive manufacturing. However, viscoelasticity leads to problems like slow liquid bridge breakup, stringiness, and satellite droplets generation. By high-speed imaging and numerical simulation, we show that torsion can break short, capillary stable liquid bridges in the order of 1 s. The underlying mechanism is edge fracture, an often undesired viscoelastic flow instability characterized by the sudden indentation of the fluid’s free surface when the fluid is subjected to shear. Our study represents an attempt to take advantage of edge fracture to benefit practical applications, potentially leading to improved fluid dispensing protocols.
Linearization constraints on sentential negation in Russian Sign Language are prosodic
Authors: Rudnev Pavel , Kuznetsova Anna 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis squib documents exceptions to the main strategy of expressing sentential negation in Russian Sign Language (RSL). The postverbal sentential negation particle in RSL inverts the basic SVO order characteristic of the language turning it into SOV (Pasalskaya 2018a). We show that this reversal requirement under negation is not absolute and does not apply to prosodically heavy object NPs. The resulting picture accords well with the view of RSL word order laid out byKimmelman (2012)and supports a model of grammar where syntactic computation has access to phonological information (Kremers 2014;Bruening 2019).
Regular black holes and gravitational particle-like solutions in generic DHOST theories
Authors: Baake Olaf , Charmousis Christos , Hassaine Mokhtar , San Juan Miguel 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We construct regular, asymptotically flat black holes of higher order scalar tensor (DHOST) theories, which are obtained by making use of a generalized Kerr-Schild solution generating method. The solutions depend on a mass integration constant, admit a smooth core of chosen regularity, and generically have an inner and outer event horizon. In particular, below a certain mass threshold, we find massive, horizonless, particle-like solutions. We scan through possible observational signatures ranging from weak to strong gravity and study the thermodynamics of our regular solutions, comparing them, when possible, to General Relativity black holes and their thermodynamic laws.
Survey on Enhanced Security Control measures in Cloud Computing systems
Authors: Abbas Haider Hadi , Jaaz Zahraa A. , Al_Barazanchi Israa , Abdulshaheed Haider Rasheed 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Cloud Computing System is an internet based network of systems that provides a wide range of services to various companies and individuals, creating a digital environment for business progressing for a better world. Cloud Computing delivers a variety of services like remote storage, database management, applications and software, and high power computing performance, all these can be easily attained by subscribing to the cloud service, such that even from a low end PC system, any high end software can be run easily through means of internet. But, providing security to all of these services and stored data of private organizations has always been a challenge. Once a cloud server has been hacked, or an intruder has authorized himself into the server, he can simply sabotage, steal or misuse any sort of information of the client companies stored in within the server’s database. There are many ways to provide security to the different parts of the cloud, some methods are impenetrable, while some are fragile and can be broken through. This paper focusses on the various aspects of the cloud and its security functionalities, and how these security functionalities can be improvised. Some security measures can only protect the cloud by updating and regulating their terms and conditions, and some measures include various authorization methods and regularized access to cloud services.
Revised Tower Earthing Design in High-Voltage Transmission Network for High-Frequency Lightning Condition
Authors: Mohamad A. , Yahaya M.P. , Hudi N.S. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Tower earthing system for transmission grid is designed to protect the working personnel and equipment, as well as to maintain the quality of supply during fault. The existing tower earthing system for towers in TNB’s grid is catered for normal power frequency (low-frequency) fault conditions. This earthing design is found to be inapt for transient nature of lightning condition to a certain extent, which involves a high-frequency domain. The current earthing practice of installing the electrodes radially in 60 m straight horizontal lines under the ground, in order to achieve the specified impedance value of less than 10 ?, was deemed ineffective in reducing the high-frequency impedance. This paper introduces a new earthing design that produces low impedance value at the high-frequency domain, without compromising the performance of low-frequency impedance. The performance of this new earthing design, as well as the existing design, are simulated for various soil resistivity values at varying frequency. The proposed concentrated earthing design is found to possess low tower footing resistance (TFR) value at both low and high-frequency. A good earthing design should have a fine balance between compact and radial electrodes under the ground.
Effect of purification process on the thermal conductivity and breakdown voltage of inhibited, isoparaffinic transformer oil used in electric train
Authors: Ali Mahmood , Deenesh N.K. , Kadir Ghazali , Hasnan Khalid , Nayan Nafarizal 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Presence of water content or moisture promotes premature thermal aging which hampers the properties of inhibited, isoparaffinic transformer oil used in electric multiple unit (EMU) train. Unpurified aged oil with high water presence is collected from the traction transformer and contaminants is removed using Double-Stage Vacuum Insulation Oil Regeneration Filtration Machine to produce purified aged oil. New transformer oil is selected as a control sample. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of oil purification process on the thermal conductivity and breakdown voltage of the oil samples. Thermal conductivity measurement was done from temperatures of 30°C to 70°C. Dielectric characteristics are shown by analyzing breakdown voltage. Unpurified oil shows an increment from 1.54% to 3.13% as compared to new oil in response to temperature variation whereas purified oil has the lowest thermal conductivity value. However, breakdown voltage of purified oil is higher than unpurified oil and slightly lower than new oil. From this, it can be inferred that presence of water gives positive impact towards thermal properties and vice versa to dielectric properties. A relationship between thermal conductivity, breakdown voltage and presence of water has been deduced at the end of the study.
PV array and inverter optimum sizing for grid-connected photovoltaic power plants using optimization design
Authors: Zidane T E K , Zali S M , Adzman M R , Tajuddin M F N , Durusu A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper aims to select the optimum inverter size for large-scale PV power plants grid-connected based on the optimum combination between PV array and inverter, among several possible combinations. Inverters used in this proposed methodology have high-efficiency conversion in the range of 98.5% which is largely used in real large-scale PV power plants to increase the financial benefits by injecting maximum energy into the grid. To investigate the PV array-inverter sizing ratio, many PV power plants rated power are considered. The proposed method is based on the modelling of several parts of the PV power plant taking into account many design variables and constraints. The objective function is the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and the optimization is performed by a multi-verse algorithm. The optimization method results in an optimum inverter size that depends on the PV plant rated capacity by providing an optimum number of inverters required in the installation site. The optimum sizing ratio (Rs) between PV array and inverter were found equal to 0.928, 0.904, and 0.871 for 1 MW, 1.5 MW, and more than 2 MW, respectively, whereas the total power losses reached 8% of the total energy generation during the PV power plant operational lifetime.
Angle-Based Photovoltaic Curve Tracing using Boost Converter
Authors: Ayop R , Tan C W , Syed Nasir S N , Nordin N M , Mahmud M S A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A photovoltaic (PV) curve tracer is equipment that obtains the characteristic curve of the PV that can be used for PV modelling or performance analysis. Currently, the used of the switched-mode power supply in the PV curve tracer application is limited due to the voltage ripple problem. This paper provides the potential and limitation of designing the PV curve tracer using the boost converter. A new angle-based curve tracing algorithm is proposed to produce evenly distributed tracepoints on the PV curve. The PI controller is used to control the boost converter based on the input from the angle-based curve tracing algorithm. The PV curve tracer is simulated using MATLAB/Simulink. The results show that the proposed PV curve tracer is accurate and trace a significant portion of the PV curve.
Solar Radiation Estimation Using Discriminate Analysis Algorithm for The Output Voltage of Photovoltaic Module
Authors: Irwanto M , Ismail B. , Nisja I. , Irwan Y. M. , Alam H , Baharudin N H , Jufrizal  , Leow W Z , Ahmad S 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A study of solar radiation in one area is very important to decide the area is suitable or not to be constructed the generation of photovoltaic (PV) system. The solar radiation can be recorded using the equipment of solar power meter or weather station. But it is due to the limitation of equipment, maybe a technical error occurs on the equipment, thus the equipment has a problem to record the data of solar radiation or one area has no equipment of solar radiation recording. An estimation method of solar radiation is needed to solve the problem. This paper presents an estimation of solar radiation using discriminate analysis algorithm (DAA) that it is applied to the output voltage of PV module. The data of daily measured solar radiation, maximum and minimum temperature are obtained from Chuping Weather Station through the web of world weather online for the year of 2019. The maximum and minimum temperature are as predictor variables in the DAA to obtain the daily estimated solar radiation. The result of daily estimated solar radiation is applied to the output voltage of PV module and compared to the output voltage of PV module applied by the daily measured solar radiation using the statistical analysis, they are root mean square error (RMSE) and error percentage. The results show that the estimated and measured solar radiation have RMSE of 0.257 and error percentage of 1.649%. They indicate that the DAA is acceptable to estimate the solar radiation.