bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fusion d’un cours de chimie et de physique par l’apprentissage par problèmes (APP) : mise en place, améliorations et incidences chez les étudiants
Authors: Darie Céline , Durand Christophe 
Published: June 2021

La démarche de fusion de deux cours théoriques a pour objectif de donner plus de sens réciproquement à chacun d’eux pour une meilleure adhésion et une meilleure réussite aux examens des étudiants. La mise en œuvre d’une méthodologie APP (Apprentissage par problèmes) a été retenue comme préalable. Une expérimentation sur trois ans du dispositif est décrite avec ses évolutions et l’analyse des résultats notamment sur ces deux points : l’adhésion des étudiants et la réussite aux examens.
Comparison of railway lines in Poland concerning use in freight transport
Authors: Kamiński Wojciech 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis article considers factors of number of sidings and the occurrences of transit traffic and presents a comparison of selected railway lines in Poland. Multi-criteria analysis methods were used, like the zero unitarization method and the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution method. The comparison made it possible to arrange the selected railway lines in the order from the most to the least useful. The obtained results showed also that zero unitarization method is limited only to the analysis of all lines on which transit traffic occurs or all lines without transit traffic. The comparison of all lines is possible using the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution method.
Measuring the effects of heated windows on thermal comfort
Authors: Cakó Balázs , Lovig Dalma , Ózdi András 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
During the following research project, the effects of an electrically heated window on the thermal comfort parameters of permanently occupied spaces were examined. A thermal manikin and a Testo 400 comfort-meter were used for the tests. To characterize the space, the predicted mean vote and predicted percentage of dis-satisfied method was applied. The examination of the comfort indices took place in the vicinity of an electrically heated window glass. During the measurements the surface temperature of the glazing was changed, alongside the distance from the glazing at which the measuring instruments were set up. The project aimed to assess the results measured by the thermal manikin and assess the usability of heated window glazing, taking thermal comfort into account.
Preliminary Study on Antibacterial Activity of Sawo Kecik (Manilkara kauki (L.) Dubard) Roots Extract
Authors: Pratiwi Novida , Retnosari Rini , Prabaningtyas Sitoresmi 
Published: June 2021

The roots of sawo kecik (Manilkara kauki (L.) Dubard) contain astringent that can be used to treat diarrhea for infants. However, the active antibacterial substance in sawo kecik roots has not been known. Therefore, the research to understand the antimicrobial activity of sawo kecik roots extract against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was performed. Sawo kecik roots were macerated using methanol and chloroform. The result was then treated with E.coli and S.aureus with a concentration of 5 ppm and compared to negative control (solvent) and further observed and analyzed how reduced the bacterial growth with Two Ways ANOVA without interaction. The research results indicated that the sawo kecik roots methanol extract was effective to slow down the growth of S.aureus (0.160 ± 0.007) but ineffective against E.coli, whereas sawo kecik roots chloroform extract was not effective to reduce both bacteria. It can be concluded that further research is required to measure and verify the antibacterial activity of the extract using higher concentration samples and different research methodology.
Data-Driven Kidney Transplant Phenotyping as a Histology-Independent Framework for Biomarker Discovery
Authors: Buscher Konrad , Heitplatz Barbara , van Marck Veerle , Song Jian , Loismann Sophie , Rixen Rebecca , Hüchtmann Birte , Kurian Sunil , Ehinger Erik , Wolf Dennis , Ley Klaus , Pavenstädt Hermann , Reuter Stefan 
Published: June 2021

Significance Statement
Big data approaches are considered important tools to dissect immune responses during kidney transplantation. This study demonstrates that large omic data, molecular phenotyping, and unsupervised machine learning offer deeper insight into disease states compared with conventional histology. The resulting data-driven immune framework can lead to optimized patient stratification in clinical trials, biomarker discovery, and personalized medical approaches.

Background
In transplant medicine, clinical decision making largely relies on histology of biopsy specimens. However, histology suffers from low specificity, sensitivity, and reproducibility, leading to suboptimal stratification of patients. We developed a histology-independent immune framework of kidney graft homeostasis and rejection.

Methods
We applied tailored RNA deconvolution for leukocyte enumeration and coregulated gene network analysis to published bulk human kidney transplant RNA transcriptomes as input for unsupervised, high-dimensional phenotype clustering. We used framework-based graft survival analysis to identify a biomarker that was subsequently characterized in independent transplant biopsy specimens.

Results
We found seven immune phenotypes that confirm known rejection types and uncovered novel signatures. The molecular phenotypes allow for improved graft survival analysis compared with histology, and identify a high-risk group in nonrejecting transplants. Two fibrosis-related phenotypes with distinct immune features emerged with reduced graft survival. We identified lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2)–expressing peritubular CD68+ macrophages as a framework-derived biomarker of impaired allograft function. These cells precede graft fibrosis, as demonstrated in longitudinal biopsy specimens, and may be clinically useful as a biomarker for early fibrogenesis.

Conclusions
This study provides a comprehensive, data-driven atlas of human kidney transplant phenotypes and demonstrates its utility to identify novel clinical biomarkers.
Do obstetric factors have an effect on success of medical treatment of anal fissure seen in women?
Authors: BOLAT Hacı , ÇAKMAK Bülent 
Published: June 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the effect of obstetric factors on the medical treatment success of anal fissure in women.
Material and methods: A total of 324 women, who were diagnosed with anal fissure, who applied to the General Surgery outpatient clinic between 2015 and 2020, were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups; group I (medical treatment was successful) and group II (medical treatment failed - surgery performed). Both groups were compared in terms of age, body mass index (BMI), number of births, delivery type, birth weight, breastfeeding rate, constipation, diarrhea, smoking and anal fissure symptoms.
Results: Medical treatment was applied to all of the 324 patients we included in our study, and it was observed that 45.7% of them had successful medical treatment and 54.3% had undergone surgical treatment (lateral internal sphincterotomy) because of unsuccessful medical treatment. It was found that age, BMI, number of births, number of vaginal births, breastfeeding rate, constipation rates were higher in those who failed medical treatment (p 0.05). While gas incontinence was observed in 44.1% of those who underwent surgical treatment, this rate was found to be 1.4% in those who benefited from medical treatment.
Conclusion: In our study, it was found that while maternal age, number of births, vaginal delivery and breastfeeding rates had a negative effect on the success of anal fissure medical treatment, cesarean delivery and baby birth weight were not effective.
A Frequency-Domain-Based Algorithm for Detecting Microseismicity Using Dense Surface Seismic Arrays
Authors: Mesimeri Maria , Pankow Kristine L. , Rutledge James 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
We propose a new frequency-domain-based algorithm for detecting small-magnitude seismic events using dense surface seismic arrays. Our proposed method takes advantage of the high energy carried by S waves, and approximate known source locations, which are used to rotate the horizontal components to obtain the maximum amplitude. By surrounding the known source area with surface geophones, we achieve a favorable geometry for locating the detected seismic events with the backprojection method. To test our new detection method, we used a dense circular array, consisting of 151 5 Hz three-component geophones, over a 5 km aperture that was in operation at the Utah Frontier Observatory for Research in Geothermal Energy (FORGE) in southcentral Utah. We apply the new detection method during a small-scale test injection phase at FORGE, and during an aftershock sequence of an Mw 4.1 earthquake located ∼30  km north of the geophone array, within the Black Rock volcanic field. We are able to detect and locate microseismic events (Mw&lt;0) during injections, despite the high level of anthropogenic activity, and several aftershocks that are missing from the regional catalog. By comparing our method with known algorithms that operate both in the time and frequency domain, we show that our proposed method performs better in the case of the FORGE injection monitoring, and equally well for the off-array aftershock sequence. Our new method has the potential to improve microseismic event detections even in extremely noisy environments, and the proposed location scheme serves as a direct discriminant between true and false detections.
Characteristics of Seismicity in the Eagle Ford Shale Play, Southern Texas, Constrained by Earthquake Relocation and Centroid Moment Tensor Inversion
Authors: Li Peng , Huang Guo-Chin D. , Savvaidis Alexandros , Kavoura Florentia , Porritt Robert W. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Analysis of earthquake locations and centroid moment tensors (CMTs) is critical in assessing seismogenic structures and connecting earthquakes to anthropogenic activities. The objective of this study was to gain insights into the seismotectonics of the Eagle Ford Shale play (EF), southern Texas, through relative relocation of earthquakes, assessment of CMT solutions, and investigation of the background stress field. Using Texas Seismological Network (TexNet) data from 2017 through 2019, we were able to relocate 326 earthquakes and obtain CMT solutions for 37 ML≥2.0 earthquakes. These earthquakes are located in the sedimentary basin and uppermost crust, with depths ranging from 2 to 10 km. The earthquake groups in the northeastern EF are linearly distributed along the Karnes fault zone, whereas the southern and western groups are spatially scattered around mapped or unmapped faults. CMT solutions identified 32 normal fault earthquakes and five strike-slip earthquakes. The orientation of the fault plane of most normal fault earthquakes is southwest–northeast, whereas the possible fault plane of the strike-slip fault is from north-northwest to south-southeast, which is roughly perpendicular to the normal faults. Normal and strike-slip faults in the EF are of high dip angles, with the dip angles of the most faults ranging from 60° to 80°. Stress inversion results show that the major orientation of maximum horizontal stress (SHmax) is southwest–northeast, with minor local stress-field rotations. We further estimated earthquake energy release in the EF region using moment magnitude from the CMT solutions, and the cumulative earthquake energy release curve reveals three notable increases in cumulative seismic moment, which occurred in January–July 2018 and January–March 2019, and May–August 2019. Whether these energy releases were caused by anthropogenic activities is a matter for further investigation.
Inhibition of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor III facilitates sensitization to alkylating chemotherapeutics in Glioblastoma
Authors: Maier Julian , Ravi Vidhya , Kueckelhaus Jan , Behringer Simon , Garrelfs Niklas , Will Paulina , Sun Na , Ehr Jasmin , Goeldner Jonathan , Pfeifer Dietmar , Follo Marie , Hannibal Luciana , Walch Axel , Hofmann Ulrich , Beck Jürgen , Heiland Dieter Henrik , Schnell Oliver , Joseph Kevin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), the most malignant tumor of the central nervous system, is marked by its dynamic response to microenvironmental niches. In particular, this cellular plasticity contributes to the development of an immediate resistance during tumor treatment. Novel insights into the developmental trajectory exhibited by GBM show a strong capability to respond to its microenvironment by clonal selection of specific phenotypes. Using the same mechanisms, malignant GBM do develop intrinsic mechanisms to resist chemotherapeutic treatments. This resistance was reported to be sustained by the paracrine and autocrine glutamate signaling via ionotropic and metabotropic receptors. However, the extent to which glutamatergic signaling modulates the chemoresistance and transcriptional profile of the GBM remains unexplored. In this study we aimed to map the manifold effects of glutamate signaling in GBM as the basis to further discover the regulatory role and interactions of specific receptors, within the GBM microenvironment. Our work provides insights into glutamate release dynamics, representing its importance for GBM growth, viability, and migration. Based on newly published multi-omic datasets, we explored the and characterized the functions of different ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors, of which the metabotropic receptor 3 (GRM3) is highlighted through its modulatory role in maintaining the ability of GBM cells to evade standard alkylating chemotherapeutics. We addressed the clinical relevance of GRM3 receptor expression in GBM and provide a proof of concept where we manipulate intrinsic mechanisms of chemoresistance, driving GBM towards chemo-sensitization through GRM3 receptor inhibition. Finally, we validated our findings in our novel human organotypic section-based tumor model, where GBM growth and proliferation was significantly reduced when GRM3 inhibition was combined with temozolomide application. Our findings present a new picture of how glutamate signaling via mGluR3 interacts with the phenotypical GBM transcriptional programs in light of recently published GBM cell-state discoveries.
Scientific Workflow Makespan Minimization In Edge Multiple Service Providers Environment
Authors: Bukhari S. Sabahat H. , Younus Muhammad Usman , Jaffari Zain-ul-Abidin , Hassan Muhammad Arshad Shehzad , Anjum Muhammad Rizwan , Narejo Sanam 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The edge computing model offers an ultimate platform to support scientific and real-time workflow-based applications over the edge of the network. However, scientific workflow scheduling and execution still facing challenges such as response time management and latency time. This leads to deal with the acquisition delay of servers, deployed at the edge of a network and reduces the overall completion time of workflow. Previous studies show that existing scheduling methods consider the static performance of the server and ignore the impact of resource acquisition delay when scheduling workflow tasks. Our proposed method presented a meta-heuristic algorithm to schedule the scientific workflow and minimize the overall completion time by properly managing the acquisition and transmission delays. We carry out extensive experiments and evaluations based on commercial clouds and various scientific workflow templates. The proposed method has approximately 7.7% better performance than the baseline algorithms, particularly in overall deadline constraint that gives a success rate.
DESNN Algorithm For Communication Network Intrusion Detection
Authors: Liu Fulai , Xu Jialiang , Zhang Lijie , Du Ruiyan , Su Zhibo , Zhang Aiyi , Hu Zhongyi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Intrusion detection is a crucial technology in the communication network security field. In this paper, a dynamic evolutionary sparse neural network (DESNN) is proposed for intrusion detection, named as DESNN algorithm. Firstly, an ensemble neural network model is constructed, which is processed by a dynamic pruning rule and further divided into advantage subnetworks and disadvantage subnetworks. The dynamic pruning rule can effectively reduce the subnetworks weight parameters, thereby increasing the speed of the subnetworks intrusion detection. Then considering the subnetworks performance loss caused by the dynamic pruning rule, a novel evolutionary mechanism is proposed to optimize the training process of the disadvantage subnetworks. The weight of the disadvantage subnetworks approach the weight of the advantage subnetworks by the evolutionary mechanism, such that the performance of the ensemble neural network can be improved. Finally, an optimal subnetwork is selected from the ensemble neural network, which is used to detect multiple types of intrusion. Experiments show that the proposed DESNN algorithm improves intrusion detection speed without causing significant performance loss compare with other fully-connected neural network models.
Utility of quantitative antigen assay for SARS-CoV-2 in the clinical situation Single center experience from Japan
Authors: Nagasawa Masayuki , Inayoshi Reiko , Yamaguchi Yoshimi , Furuya Maki , Dohi Minoru , Ueda Ken , Harada Naoshige , Taki Reiko , Kurosaki Masayuki 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
From December 26, 2020 to February 28, 2021, quantitative antigen test (Ag test) of SARS-CoV-2 was conducted by using a nasopharyngeal swab for 990 patients aged from 0 to 99 years old (average age; 63.1 +/-22.5 years old, male: 537, female: 463), who presented at least one of the following symptoms, such as fever, respiratory symptoms, and taste disorder. In 578 patients, Ag test and PCR test were conducted at the same time and these patients were analyzed. In 74 patients with Ag > = 1.0, 44 patients were PCR positive (positive ratio = 0.59). In 43 patients with Ag > = 10.0, 41 patients were PCR positive (positive ratio = 0.95), and all of 42 patients with Ag > = 100.0 were PCR positive. In 504 patients with Ag < 1.0, only five patients were PCR positive (positive ratio = 0.01). In 31 patients with 10 > Ag > = 1.0, three patients were PCR positive (positive ratio = 0.10). All eight patients presented a typical pneumonia, and five patients had a history of close contact with COVID-19 patients within 14 days. With an appropriate cut off value, Ag test is concluded to have enough sensitivity and specificity. Considering the advantage of handiness, rapidness, high-throughput and economy over PCR test, Ag test seems useful diagnostic method for COVID-19 in the pandemic situation.
Protocol Refinement for a Diabetes Pragmatic Trial using the PRECIS-2 Framework
Authors: Glasgow Russell E. , Gurfinkel Dennis , Waxmonsky Jeanette , Rementer Jenny , Ritchie Natalie D. , Dailey-Vail Jennifer , Hosokawa Patrick , Dickinson L. Miriam , Kwan Bethany M. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: This report describes how we refined a protocol for a pragmatic comparative effectiveness study of two models of an evidence-based diabetes shared medical appointment intervention. Methods: We report primary data collected between June and August 2019, and protocol refinements completed between 2018 and 2020. Twenty-two members of the study team collaborated in protocol refinement and completed the PRECIS-2 ratings of study pragmatism. We discuss study design and refinements to achieve the desired level of pragmatism vs. experimental control for each of the nine PRECIS-2 dimensions. Study team members received training on PRECIS-2 scoring and were asked to rate the study protocol on the nine PRECIS-2 dimensions. Ratings are compared using descriptive statistics.Results: In general, the PRECIS-2 ratings revealed high levels of pragmatism, but somewhat less pragmatic ratings on the categories of Delivery and Organization (costs and resources). This variation was purposeful, and we provide the rationale for and steps taken to obtain the targeted level of pragmatism on each PRECIS-2 dimension, as well as detail design changes made to enhance pragmatism and address COVID-19 issues. There was general agreement among team members and across different types of stakeholders on PRECIS-2 ratings.Conclusions: We discuss lessons learned from use of PRECIS-2 and challenges in refining the study to be maximally pragmatic on some dimensions, yet well controlled on other dimensions. This paper expands on prior research by describing experimental design efforts to achieve targeted levels of pragmatism and describes our refinements for protocol fit to context. We make recommendations for future use of PRECIS-2 to help address changing context and other strategies for the planning of and transparent reporting on pragmatic research and comparative effectiveness research.Clinicaltrials.gov Registration ID: NCT03590041
Efficient Microstrip Antenna system using Reduced GP Structure for Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) Applications
Authors: N Parthiban , M Mohamed Ismail 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Microstrip antenna is an essential choice for Ultra Wide Band (UWB) applications of its light weight, low profile and easy to form antenna arrays. However, the design of microstrip patch antenna bandwidth is greatly affects by the dielectric substrate material (FR4). In this research, the bandwidth enhancement of MPA was designed by minimizing the dimension of Defected GP (DGP) in GP for Ultra Wide Band wireless applications. But, the antenna design complexity increases with the number of an operating frequency band. In this research, the MPA was designed as small as size of 10×13×1.6 mm and operates on frequency band between 3.1GHz to 10.6GHz for VSWR less than 2. The microstrip patch antenna was designed at 3.1GHz to 10.6GHz using High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software. The simulation result shows that the proposed microstrip patch antenna obtained <-10dB of return loss from 3.1GHz to 10.6GHz throughout the frequency range. The measured result proves that the proposed microstrip patch antenna has better characteristics to fulfill the requirements of UWB applications.