bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performances of care: Questioning relationship‐building and international student recruitment
Authors: Beech Suzanne E. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper analyses how performances of care are a critical feature within the international student recruitment process through an investigation of three distinctive geographical encounters: caring for students; supporting third‐party recruiters; and acting collegially. Caring and the recognition of students as emotional beings is often cited as overlooked within internationalisation agendas brought about by the neoliberalised higher education system. This paper shows how performances of caring are mobilised as part of this as an attempt to secure international student enrolments. International students are a critical income stream in the university sector and, within the UK, higher education is a major export industry. However, growing competition from new markets, limited longer‐term migration prospects, and evidence that international students are primarily viewed as cash cows, means that it is ever more difficult to recruit these students. This paper uses qualitative interviews with international office staff based at 10 UK higher education institutions together with observational research at recruitment events in Hong Kong in 2017 to offer critical and as yet unresearched insights into this aspect of the student recruitment process. It questions the validity of these caring practices and whether the university can ever be a “caring” entity if wider policy agendas are focused on the marketised and the neoliberal.
Clinical outcomes of double pelvic osteotomies in eight dogs with hip dysplasia aged 10–28 months
Authors: Petazzoni Massimo , Tamburro Roberto 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo report the short‐term outcome of double pelvic osteotomy (DPO) in dogs with canine hip dysplasia ≥10 months of age.Study designCase series.Animals or sample populationEleven hips in eight dogs aged between 10 to 28 months.MethodsDogs clinically affected by hip dysplasia with a hip reduction angle <40°, subluxation angle <25°, dorsal acetabular rim angle between 7.5–25°, and minimal osteoarthritic changes were considered as candidates for DPO. The clinical outcome was subjectively assessed using a lameness score and pain scale upon hip extension. Norberg angle, percentage of the area of the femoral head coverage, percentage of linear femoral head coverage, pelvic width dimensions were measured on pre and postoperative radiographs.ResultsAt the 8‐week follow‐up examination, all the dogs had no lameness with no pain upon hip extension. Median Norberg angle increased by 21.8% (p < .01), median percentage of the area of the femoral head coverage increased by 66.7% (p < .01) and percentage of linear femoral head coverage increased by 162.5% (p < .01) 1 year after DPO. No changes to pelvic canal width after DPO were detected.ConclusionDouble pelvic osteotomy improved joint congruity and clinical signs in dogs affected by hip dysplasia without osteoarthritis that were ≥10 months of age.Clinical significance (or impact)Double pelvic osteotomy may be a treatment option for dogs with hip dysplasia ≥10 months of age. A large study assessing long‐term outcomes is indicated.
Histopathology of pig kidney grafts with/without expression of the carbohydrate Neu5Gc in immunosuppressed baboons
Authors: Foote Jeremy B. , Jagdale Abhijit , Yamamoto Takayuki , Hara Hidetaka , Bikhet Mohamed H. , Schuurman Henk‐Jan , Nguyen Huy Q. , Ezzelarab Mohamed , Ayares David , Anderson Douglas J. , Fatima Huma , Eckhoff Devin E. , Cooper David K. C. , Iwase Hayato 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroductionPigs deficient in three glycosyltransferase enzymes (triple‐knockout [TKO] pigs, that is, not expressing the three known carbohydrate xenoantigens) and expressing ‘protective’ human transgenes are considered a likely source of organs for transplantation into human recipients. Some human sera have no or minimal natural antibody binding to red blood cells (RBCs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from TKO pigs. However, all Old World monkeys exhibit natural antibody binding to TKO pig cells. The xenoantigen targets of Old World monkey natural antibodies are postulated to be carbohydrate moieties exposed when the expression of the carbohydrate N‐glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) is deleted. The aim of this study was to compare the survival in baboons and histopathology of renal grafts from pigs that either (a) expressed Neu5Gc (GTKO pigs; Group 1) or (b) did not express Neu5Gc (GTKO/CMAHKO [DKO] or TKO pigs; Group 2).MethodsLife‐supporting renal transplants were carried out using GTKO (n = 5) or DKO/TKO (n = 5) pig kidneys under an anti‐CD40mAb‐based immunosuppressive regimen.ResultsGroup 1 baboons survived longer than Group 2 baboons (median 237 vs. 35 days; mean 196 vs. 57 days; p < 0.07) and exhibited histopathological features of antibody‐mediated rejection in only two kidneys. Group 2 exhibited histopathological features of antibody‐mediated rejection in all five grafts, with IgM and IgG binding to renal interstitial arteries and peritubular capillaries. Rejection‐free survival was significantly longer in Group 1 (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe absence of expression of Neu5Gc on pig kidney grafts is associated with increased binding of baboon antibodies to pig endothelium and reduced graft survival.
SIMD-Optimized Search Over Sorted Data
Authors: Mastripolito Benjamin P , Koskelo Nicholas A. , Weatherred Dylan A. , Pimentel David A , Sheppard Daniel G. , Pietarila Graham Anna , Monroe Laura M , Robey Robert 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Applications often require a fast, single-threaded search algorithm over sorted data, typical in table-lookup operations. We explore various search algorithms for a large number of search candidates over a relatively small array of logarithmically-distributed sorted data. These include an innovative hash-based search that takes advantage of floating point representation to bin data by the exponent. Algorithms that can be optimized to take advantage of SIMD vector instructions are of particular interest. We then conduct a case study applying our results and analyzing algorithmic performance with the EOSPAC package. EOSPAC is a table look-up library for manipulation and interpolation of SESAME equation-of-state data. Our investigation results in a couple of algorithms with better performance with a best case eight times speedup over the original EOSPAC Hunt-and-Locate implementation. Our techniques should generalize to other instances of search algorithms seeking to get a performance boost from vectorization.
Metamorphism of the Sierra de Maz and implications for the tectonic evolution of the MARA terrane
Authors: Tholt Andrew , Mulcahy Sean R. , McClelland William C. , Roeske Sarah M. , Meira Vinícius T. , Webber Patricia , Houlihan Emily , Coble Matthew A. , Vervoort Jeffrey D. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The Mesoproterozoic MARA terrane of western South America is a composite igneous-metamorphic complex that is important for Paleozoic paleogeographic reconstructions and the relative positions of Laurentia and Gondwana. The magmatic and detrital records of the MARA terrane are consistent with a Laurentian origin; however, the metamorphic and deformation records lack sufficient detail to constrain the correlation of units within the MARA terrane and the timing and mechanisms of accretion to the Gondwana margin.
Combined regional mapping, metamorphic petrology, and garnet and monazite geochronology from the Sierra de Maz of northwest Argentina suggest that the region preserves four distinct litho-tectonic units of varying age and metamorphic conditions that are separated by middle- to lower-crustal ductile shear zones. The Zaino and Maz Complexes preserve Barrovian metamorphism and ages that are distinct from other units within the region. The Zaino and Maz Complexes both record metamorphism ca. 430–410 Ma and show no evidence of the regional Famatinian orogeny (ca. 490–455 Ma). In addition, the Maz Complex records an earlier granulite facies event at ca. 1.2 Ga. The Taco and Ramaditas Complexes, in contrast, experienced medium- and low-pressure upper amphibolite to granulite facies metamorphism, respectively, between ca. 470–460 Ma and were later deformed at ca. 440–420 Ma.
The Maz shear zone that bounds the Zaino and Maz Complexes records sinistral oblique to sinistral deformation between ca. 430–410 Ma. The data suggest that at least some units in the MARA terrane were accreted by translation, and the Gondwana margin of northwest Argentina transitioned from a dominantly convergent margin to a highly oblique margin in the Silurian.
On Secure E-Voting over Blockchain
Authors: Mccorry Patrick , Mehrnezhad Maryam , Toreini Ehsan , Shahandashti Siamak F. , Hao Feng 
Published: October 2021

This article discusses secure methods to conduct e-voting over a blockchain in three different settings: decentralized voting, centralized remote voting, and centralized polling station voting. These settings cover almost all voting scenarios that occur in practice. A proof-of-concept implementation for decentralized voting over Ethereum’s blockchain is presented. This work demonstrates the suitable use of a blockchain not just as a public bulletin board but, more importantly, as a trustworthy computing platform that enforces the correct execution of the voting protocol in a publicly verifiable manner. We also discuss scaling up a blockchain-based voting application for national elections. We show that for national-scale elections the major verifiability problems can be addressed without having to depend on any blockchain. However, a blockchain remains a viable option to realize a public bulletin board, which has the advantage of being a “preventive” measure to stop retrospective changes on previously published records as opposed to a “detective” measure like the use of mirror websites. CCS Concepts: •
Security and privacy
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Do Bilinguals Outperform Monolinguals in Switching Tasks? Contrary Evidence for Nonlinguistic and Linguistic Switching Tasks
Authors: Mas-Herrero Ernest , Adrover-Roig Daniel , Ruz María , de Diego-Balaguer Ruth 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The benefits of bilingualism in executive functions are highly debated. Even so, in switching tasks, these effects seem robust, although smaller than initially thought (Gunnerud et al., 2020; Ware et al., 2020). By handling two languages throughout their lifespan, bilinguals appear to train their executive functions and show benefits in nonlinguistic switching tasks compared to monolinguals. Nevertheless, because bilinguals need to control for the interference of another language, they may show a disadvantage when dealing with task-switching paradigms requiring language control, particularly when those are performed in their less dominant language. The present work explored this issue by studying bilingualism’s effects on task switching within the visual and language domains. On the one hand, our results show that bilinguals were overall faster and presented reduced switch costs compared to monolinguals when performing perceptual geometric judgments with no time for task preparation. On the other hand, no bilingual advantage was found when a new sample of comparable bilinguals and monolinguals completed a within-language switching task. Our results provide clear evidence favoring the bilingual advantage, yet only when the task imposes greater executive demands and does not involve language control.
A meta-analysis of semantic classification of citations
Authors: Kunnath Suchetha N. , Herrmannova Drahomira , Pride David , Knoth Petr 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The aim of this literature review is to examine the current state of the art in the area of citation classification. In particular, we investigate the approaches for characterizing citations based on their semantic type. We conduct this literature review as a meta-analysis covering 60 scholarly articles in this domain. Although we included some of the manual pioneering works in this review, more emphasis is placed on the later automated methods, which use Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing (NLP) for analyzing the fine-grained linguistic features in the surrounding text of citations. The sections are organized based on the steps involved in the pipeline for citation classification. Specifically, we explore the existing classification schemes, data sets, preprocessing methods, extraction of contextual and noncontextual features, and the different types of classifiers and evaluation approaches. The review highlights the importance of identifying the citation types for research evaluation, the challenges faced by the researchers in the process, and the existing research gaps in this field.
MasakhaNER: Named Entity Recognition for African Languages
Authors: Adelani David Ifeoluwa , Abbott Jade , Neubig Graham , D’souza Daniel , Kreutzer Julia , Lignos Constantine , Palen-Michel Chester , Buzaaba Happy , Rijhwani Shruti , Ruder Sebastian , Mayhew Stephen , Azime Israel Abebe , Muhammad Shamsuddeen H. , Emezue Chris Chinenye , Nakatumba-Nabende Joyce , Ogayo Perez , Anuoluwapo Aremu , Gitau Catherine , Mbaye Derguene , Alabi Jesujoba , Yimam Seid Muhie , Gwadabe Tajuddeen Rabiu , Ezeani Ignatius , Niyongabo Rubungo Andre , Mukiibi Jonathan , Otiende Verrah , Orife Iroro , David Davis , Ngom Samba , Adewumi Tosin , Rayson Paul , Adeyemi Mofetoluwa , Muriuki Gerald , Anebi Emmanuel , Chukwuneke Chiamaka , Odu Nkiruka , Wairagala Eric Peter , Oyerinde Samuel , Siro Clemencia , Bateesa Tobius Saul , Oloyede Temilola , Wambui Yvonne , Akinode Victor , Nabagereka Deborah , Katusiime Maurice , Awokoya Ayodele , MBOUP Mouhamadane , Gebreyohannes Dibora , Tilaye Henok , Nwaike Kelechi , Wolde Degaga , Faye Abdoulaye , Sibanda Blessing , Ahia Orevaoghene , Dossou Bonaventure F. P. , Ogueji Kelechi , DIOP Thierno Ibrahima , Diallo Abdoulaye , Akinfaderin Adewale , Marengereke Tendai , Osei Salomey 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe take a step towards addressing the under- representation of the African continent in NLP research by bringing together different stakeholders to create the first large, publicly available, high-quality dataset for named entity recognition (NER) in ten African languages. We detail the characteristics of these languages to help researchers and practitioners better understand the challenges they pose for NER tasks. We analyze our datasets and conduct an extensive empirical evaluation of state- of-the-art methods across both supervised and transfer learning settings. Finally, we release the data, code, and models to inspire future research on African NLP.1
Associations between traditional and non-traditional anthropometric indices and cardiometabolic risk factors among inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Golabi Sahar , Ajloo Sajad , Maghsoudi Fatemeh , Adelipour Maryam , Naghashpour Mahshid 
Published: October 2021

Objective We aimed to evaluate whether traditional and non-traditional adiposity indicators are associated with cardiometabolic risk factors among adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods In this cross-sectional study among 240 inpatients with type 2 DM, we determined traditional anthropometric indicators including body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference (HC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio, and non-traditional anthropometric indicators including lipid accumulation product (LAP), visceral adiposity index (VAI), deep abdominal adipose tissue (DAAT), and Després indices. Lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured to evaluate cardiometabolic parameters. Results In overweight patients, DAAT was positively correlated with total triglycerides. LAP was negatively correlated with serum HDL-C levels. WHR and DAAT were associated with total triglycerides, HbA1c, total cholesterol, total cholesterol/HDL-C, and total triglycerides/HDL-C, after adjustment for age and duration of disease. VAI, DAAT, LAP, and Després index were significant determinants of lipid profile and SBP. Conclusion Traditional and non-traditional anthropometric indices are associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with type 2 DM.
India’s Quest for a National Space Law and the Missing Piece of Possessory Rights
Authors: Athar ud din  
Published: October 2021

As the commercial use of outer space becomes feasible, the nature of possessory rights will potentially emerge as the central focus of future space-related activities. The existing international law relating to outer space does not address in detail the nature of possessory rights in outer space and is subject to multiple interpretations. Alarmingly, the recently adopted space policies and legislations by some States have taken a definitive position regarding the commercial use of natural resources in outer space. In light of India’s increasing involvement in outer space, it circulated the Draft Space Activities Bill, 2017, to formulate a national space law. However, the nature of possessory rights in outer space is not addressed in detail in the Draft Space Activities Bill. This study states that on account of recent developments happening elsewhere, it is extremely important for emerging powers like India to take a position on broader issues like the nature of possessory rights in outer space (which includes celestial bodies as well as resources contained therein). Not addressing the issue of possessory rights in outer space could have profound implications at both domestic as well as international levels.
Posterior circulation stroke due to vertebral artery disease in the Chinese population
Authors: Zhang Changqing , Li Zixiao , Liu Liping , Pu Yuehua , Zou Xinying , Yan Hongyi , Pan Yuesong , Zhao Xingquan , Wang Yilong , Wang Yongjun 
Published: October 2021

Background and purpose Little is known about the distribution of the arteries responsible for noncardiogenic posterior circulation stroke due to vertebral artery disease in the Chinese population. Furthermore, few studies have compared the risk factors, imaging manifestations, and outcomes across different types of vertebral artery disease. Therefore, our aim was to compare the differences in the risk factors, imaging manifestations, and outcome across various types of vertebral artery disease. Methods We prospectively enrolled 228 patients from 22 Chinese centers with noncardiogenic posterior circulation stroke due to vertebral artery disease. Vertebral artery disease was classified by the involved segments of the responsible vertebral artery, and basilar artery (BA) involvement or not. Risk factors, clinical-radiologic patterns, and outcomes were compared across different types of vertebral artery disease. Results The intracranial vertebral artery (ICVA) was more frequently involved than was the extracranial vertebral artery (ECVA). The ICVA/ICVA + ECVA group more often presented with hypertension and higher systolic blood pressure than did the ECVA group. Compared with the single-segment-of-vertebral-artery group (SSVA), the group with multiple-segments-of-vertebral-artery (MSVA) involvement or SSVA with BA involvement had more serious clinical-radiologic patterns and worse outcomes. Multivariable Cox regression identified MSVA/SSVA + BA involvement as an independent predictor of recurrent ischemic cerebrovascular events. Conclusions The risk factors for ICVA/ICVA + ECVA were different from those of ECVA, and the MSVA/SSVA + BA group had more serious clinical-radiologic patterns and worse outcomes.
A germinal center–associated microenvironmental signature reflects malignant phenotype and outcome of DLBCL
Authors: Miyawaki Kohta , Kato Koji , Sugio Takeshi , Sasaki Kensuke , Miyoshi Hiroaki , Semba Yuichiro , Kikushige Yoshikane , Mori Yasuo , Kunisaki Yuya , Iwasaki Hiromi , Miyamoto Toshihiro , Kuo Frank C. , Aster Jon C. , Ohshima Koichi , Maeda Takahiro , Akashi Koichi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common B-cell malignancy, with varying prognosis after the gold standard rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP). Several prognostic models have been established by focusing primarily on characteristics of lymphoma cells themselves, including cell-of-origin (COO), genomic alterations, and gene/protein expressions. However, the prognostic impact of the lymphoma microenvironment and its association with characteristics of lymphoma cells are not fully understood. Using the nCounter-based gene expression profiling of untreated DLBCL tissues, we assess the clinical impact of lymphoma microenvironment on the clinical outcomes and pathophysiological, molecular signatures in DLBCL. The presence of normal germinal center (GC)-microenvironmental cells, including follicular T cells, macrophage/dendritic cells, and stromal cells in lymphoma tissue indicates a positive therapeutic response. Our prognostic model, based on quantitation of transcripts from distinct GC-microenvironmental cell markers, clearly identified patients with graded prognosis independently of existing prognostic models. We observed increased incidences of genomic alterations and aberrant gene expression associated with poor prognosis in DLBCL tissues lacking GC-microenvironmental cells relative to those containing these cells. These data suggest that the loss of GC-associated microenvironmental signature dictates clinical outcomes of DLBCL patients reflecting the accumulation of “unfavorable” molecular signatures.
Preparation of ICA-loaded mPEG-ICA nanoparticles and their application in the treatment of LPS-induced H9c2 cell damage
Authors: Zhou Lin , Huang Zhi , Yang Shanyi , Wei Jiarui , Xu Yan , Hu Lin , Guo Xinrong , Yuan Limin , Yuan Zexuan , Yang Xiaoping , Tao Xiaojun , Zhang Qiufang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHydrophilic polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether (mPEG) was grafted onto Icariin (ICA) by succinic anhydride to form a polyethylene glycol-Icariin (mPEG-ICA) polymer. The structure of the polymer was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). mPEG-ICA nanoparticles loaded with ICA were prepared by physical embedding of ICA by dialysis. The particle size was determined to be (220 ± 13.7) nm, and the ζ potential was (2.30 ± 1.33) mV by dynamic light scattering (DLS). Under a transmission electron microscope (TEM), the nanoparticles were spherical, and the morphology was regular. In the medium with pH 7.4, the drug release rate of mPEG-ICA nanoparticles reached (52.80 ± 1.70)% within 72 h. At pH 6.8, the cumulative drug release of nanoparticles reached (75.66 ± 0.17)% within 48 h. Treatment of the nanoparticles with LPS-treated H9c2 cells maintained cell viability, reduced LDH release and exerted antiapoptotic effects. Moreover, ICA-loaded mPEG-ICA nanoparticles significantly decreased the mRNA expression of the myocardial inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6M. In conclusion, ICA-loaded mPEG-ICA nanoparticles protected against LPS-induced H9c2 cell injury.