bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Urinary Extravasation After Non-Operative Management of Traumatic Renal Injury: A Multi-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Muratsu Arisa , Nakao Shunichiro , Yoshimura Jumpei , Muroya Takashi , Shimazaki Junya , Nakagawa Yuko , Ogura Hiroshi , Shimazu Takeshi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Urinary extravasation is one of the major complications after non-operative management of traumatic renal injury and may lead to urinary tract infection and sepsis. However, there is a paucity of research on timing of the occurrence or the risk factors of urinary extravasation among patients with traumatic renal injury. The purpose of this study was to evaluate these factors in patients with traumatic renal injury.Methods: This was a multi-center, retrospective, observational study performed at three tertiary referral hospitals in Osaka prefecture. We included patients with traumatic renal injury transported to the centers between January 2008 and December 2018. We excluded patients who either died or underwent nephrectomy within 24 hours after admission. We investigated the occurrence of urinary extravasation and the related factors after traumatic renal injury using multivariable logistic regression analysis.Results: In total, 146 patients were eligible for analysis. Their median age was 44 years and 68.5% were male. Their median Injury Severity Score was 17. Renal injuries were graded as American Association for Surgery of Trauma (AAST) grade I in 33 (22.6%), II in 27 (18.5%), III in 38 (26.0%), IV in 28 (19.2%), and V in 20 (13.7%) patients. Urinary extravasation was diagnosed in 26 patients (17.8%) and was statistically significantly associated with AAST grades IV-V (adjusted odds ratio, 33.8 [95% confidence interval, 7.12–160], p<0.001).Conclusion: We observed urinary extravasation in 17.8% of patients with non-operative management of traumatic renal injury and the diagnosed was made in mostly within 7 days after admission. In this study, the patients with AAST grade IV-V injury were associated with having urinary extravasation.
A Characteristic-Featured Shock Wave Indicator for Simulating High-Speed Inviscid Flows on 3D Unstructured Mesh
Authors: Feng Yiwei , Liu Tiegang , He Xiaofeng , Zhang Bin , Wang Kun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this work, we extend the characteristic-featured shock wave indicator based on artificial neuron training to 3D high-speed flow simulation on unstructured mesh. The extension is achieved through dimension splitting. This leads to that the proposed indicator is capable of identifying regions of flow compression in any direction. With this capability, the indicator is further developed to combine with h-adaptivity of mesh refinement to improve resolution with less computational costs. The present indicator provided an attractive alternative for constructing high-resolution, high-efficiency shock-processing method to simulate high-speed inviscid flows.
Characterization of Thermostable Amylase From Halophilic Lactobacillus Plantarum TS1
Authors: Riaz Sania , Fareed Anum , Zaffar Habiba , Rehman Shafique Ur , Jamil Muhammad , Nawaz Ismat , Zeb Iftekhar , Hussain Jamshaid , Ahmed Raza , Naqvi Tatheer Alam 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Amylase is an important enzyme use extensively in various industrial processes. It is mainly involved in the catalysis of starch that requires harsh conditions; therefore, it is required to isolate amylases with unique properties that makes it more applicable. Extremophiles are the major resource of such enzymes; therefore, amylase positive strains were isolated from the saline soil where the temperature is also exceptionally high. Five amylase positive strains were isolated from the Karak salt range, Kohat Pakistan and were identified by phylogenetic analysis. DNS based assay was employed to compare the activities of different amylases obtained from five strains while using the starch as a substrate. The amylase obtained from Lactobacillus plantarum TS1 was found to be more efficient, which was purified and characterized. The SDS-PAGE of purified amylase showed a single band with an estimated size of 10 kDa. The kinetic parameters were measured at two temperatures i.e. at 37 °C and 50 °C. The Kcat as well as the Kcat/KM were found to be high when temperature increased from 37 °C to 50 °C. Amylase was active at wide range of temperature as well as pH and work efficiently in the presence of salts and various organic solvents.
Bifunctional Ligand-Assisted Cu-Catalyzed Intermolecular Cyclo-hexenone γ‑C(sp3)-H Amination: Controlled Synthesis of p-Aminophenols
Authors: Zhao Xin , Yang Fang , Zhou Qian-Qian , Shaoyu Zou , Chen Zi-Sheng , Ji Kegong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A 1,10-phenanthroline-type bifunctional ligand has been developed for Cu catalyzed direct γ-C(sp3)-H amination with intermolecular anilines. Stabilizing N-centered radicals via amide group installed on the bifunctional ligands, a new catalytic system for site-selective γ-C(sp3)-H amination to synthesize p-aminophenols was established. The economical and practical approach by using oxygen as the terminal oxidant was mild and environmental friendly.
Pyrithione Metal (Cu, Ni, Ru) Complexes as Photo-Catalysts for Styrene Oxide Production
Authors: Dasireddy Venkata D. B. C. , Kladnik Jerneja , Korošec Romana Cerc , Likozar Blaž , Turel Iztok 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Selective photochemical oxidation of styrene was performed in an active acetonitrile medium, using H2O2 with or without ultraviolet (UV) light radiation. Pyrithione metal complexes (M–Pth: M = Cu(II), Ni(II), Ru(II); Pth = 2-mercaptopyridine-N-oxide) were used as catalysts. Catalytic testing measurements were done by varying the time, chemical reaction temperature and H2O2 concentration with or without UV energy. Epoxide styrene oxide (SO), benzaldehyde and acetophenone were the major synthesized products. A high batch rate, conversion and selectivity towards SO was shown in the presence of UV. A minor constant formation of CO2 was observed in the stream. Coordinated Ru-based compounds demonstrated the highest process productivity of SO at 60 °C. The effect of the functional alkyl substituent on the ligand Pth, attached to the specific ruthenium(II) centre, decreased the activity of the substance. Ni-Pth selectively yielded benzaldehyde. The stability of the catalysts was examined by applying nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis coupled with mass spectrometry. Tested metal complexes with pyrithione (M–Pth) exhibited excellent reuse recyclability up to 3 cycles.
LIMD2 Is a Prognostic and Predictive Marker in Patients With Esophageal Cancer Based on a Cerna Network Analysis
Authors: Chen Yuanmei , Huang Xinyi , Zhu Kunshou , Li Changkun , Peng Haiyan , Chen Lin , Huang Zhengrong , Zhang Yangfan , Weng Guibin , Xiao Tianya , Chen Junqiang , Xu Yuanji 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background. Globally, esophageal cancer (ECA) is the seventh most common cancer and sixth most common cause of cancer-associated mortality. However, there are no reliable prognostic and predictive molecular markers for ECA; in addition, the pathogenesis of ECA are not fully elucidated. This study was to explore the potential prognostic and predictive markers of ECA, as well as investigate the mechanisms of ECA. Methods. The expressions of circular RNAs (circRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) of ECA and control groups were obtained from the RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data of our hospital, the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets. Analyses of differentially-expressed genes, the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network, and functional/pathway enrichment were conducted. The key targets in the ceRNA network that showed significant results in survival Cox regression analyses were selected. Furthermore, analyses of immune infiltration and autophagy genes related to the key targets were performed.Results. Seven circRNAs, 22 miRNAs, and 34 mRNAs were identified as vital genes in ECA; the nuclear factor-κ-gene binding (NF-κB) and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K-Akt) signaling were identified as the most enriched pathways. In addition, LIM domain containing 2 (LIMD2) was an independent predictor of prognosis in ECA patients, and closely associated with immunity and autophagy. Moreover, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) revealed significant upregulation of LIMD2 expression in ECA tissues.Conclusions. ECA may be closely correlated with NF-κB and PI3K/Akt signaling. In addition, LIMD2 could be a potential prognostic and predictive marker of ECA. Our study may provide novel insights into the prognosis and treatment of ECA by its pathogenesis.
Quality of Life of Menopausal Women Residing Dharan Sub-metropolitan City, Nepal
Authors: Thapa Anu , Shrestha Mangala , Pokharel Nirmala , Basnet Tulasa 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Menopause poses a big challenge during middle age and to the healthy aging of woman. Majority of women face various problems and disturbances in daily living leading to decrease in quality of life. This study focuses on menopause related symptoms and quality of life in relation to the symptoms. Method: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 women of age 40-60 years at Dharan Sub-metropolitan City of Nepal selected through snowball sampling technique. The data were collected over the period of four weeks. Semi- structured questionnaire for demographic variables and menopause specific quality of life (MENQOL) questionnaire were used to collect data. Interview technique was adapted. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to interpret data. Result: Mean menopausal age of the study group was 47.14 years. The most common symptoms of vasomotor, psychosocial, physical and sexual domains were hot flushes, experiencing poor memory, feeling tired or worn out and change in sexual desire respectively. The overall score of menopausal quality of life for each domain reported that highest the mean score in sexual domain (3.58 ± 1.62) and least score in vasomotor domain (2.08 ± 1.67). The score of physical domain was significantly high in late postmenopausal group than early postmenopausal group. Significant association was obtained with age, ethnicity, menopause status, physical activity and marital status in relation to the domains of quality of life. Conclusions: The results conclude that all the menopausal women were having at least one menopausal symptom from each domain. The menopausal women scored highest in sexual domain and least in vasomotor domain suggesting decrease quality of life in relation to sexual domain. Menopausal symptoms were associated with decrease in quality of life. Thus awareness regarding the menopausal changes should be focused in premenopausal age group of women
Effect of Body Mass Index on the Association Between Alcohol Consumption and the Development of Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Hashimoto Yusaku , Kato Sawako , Yasuda Yoshinari , Ishimoto Takuji , Kawashiri Hiroaki , Hori Akihiro , Imaizumi Takahiro , Maruyama Shoichi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Although previous studies demonstrated that alcohol consumption is associated with low chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk, they did not consider individual body mass and metabolic capacity. We examined whether the body mass index (BMI) affects the association between drinking and CKD. We defined CKD as an estimated glomerular filtration rate decline < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and/or dipstick proteinuria (≥ 1+). Participants were 11,175 Japanese individuals aged 40–74 years without baseline CKD who underwent annual health checkups. Daily alcohol consumption was estimated from a questionnaire, and the participants were categorized as "infrequent drinkers," "light drinkers (< 20 g/day)," "moderate drinkers (20–40 g/day)," and "heavy drinkers (≥ 40 g/day)." Over a median 5-year observation period, 936 participants developed CKD. Cox proportional hazards models revealed that light drinkers had a significantly reduced risk of CKD compared with infrequent drinkers (P = 0.01). Stratified by BMI, the low BMI (< 18.5 kg/m2) group had an increased risk of CKD even in light drinkers, while the high BMI (≥ 25.0 kg/m2) group had a decreased risk of CKD regardless of alcohol consumption. Taken together, alcohol consumption did not reduce the CKD risk in all populations; individual tolerance must be considered.
Strong Thermal Stratification Reduces Detection Efficiency and Range of Acoustic Telemetry in a Large Freshwater Lake
Authors: Kuai Yulong , Klinard Natalie , Fisk Aaron , Johnson Timothy , Halfyard Edmund , Webber Dale , Smedbol Stephanie , Wells Mathew 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe successful use of acoustic telemetry to detect fish hinges on understanding the factors that control the acoustic range. The speed-of-sound in water is primarily a function of density, and in freshwater lakes density is primarily driven by temperature. The seasonal thermal stratification in the Great Lakes represent the strongest sound speed gradients in any aquatic system. Such speed-of-sound gradients can refract sound waves leading to greater divergence of acoustic signal, and hence more rapid attenuation. The changes in sound attenuation change the detection range of a telemetry array and hence influence the ability to monitor fish. We use three months of data from a sentinel array of V9 and V16 Vemco acoustic fish tags, and a record of temperature profiles to determine how changes in stratification influence acoustic range in eastern Lake Ontario. ResultWe interpret data from an acoustic telemetry array in Lake Ontario to show that changes in acoustic detection efficiency and range correlate strongly with changes in sound speed gradients due to thermal stratification. The strongest sound speed gradients of 10.38 ms-1/m crossing the thermocline occurred in late summer, which caused the sound speed difference between the top and bottom of the water column to be greater than 60 m/s. V9 tags transmitting across the thermocline could have their acoustic range reduced from >650 m to 350 m, while the more powerful V16 tags had their range reduced from >650 m to 450 m. In contrast we found that when the acoustic source and receiver were both transmitting below thermocline there was no change in range, even as the strength of sound speed gradient varied. ConclusionChanges in thermal stratification occur routinely in the Great Lakes, on timescales between months and days. The acoustic range can be reduced by as much as 50% compared to unstratified conditions when fish move across the thermocline. We recommend that researchers consider the influences of thermal stratification to acoustic telemetry when configuring receiver position.
A Clinical Study of AWT Measurement and Polynomial Regression Model Analysis in Critically Ill patients: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Tang Hao , Zhao Dongchu , Zhang Chuan , Huang Xiaoying , Liu Dong , Li Yang , Wang Yaoli , Jiang Dongpo , Wang Zhengguo , Liang Huaping , zhang lianyang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background：In this study, a new measurement device was used to measure the AWT in critically ill patients and a polynomial regression model was applied to analyze the correlation between intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and AWT in critically ill patients.Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted in critically ill patients who were admitted to the Department of Critical Care Medicine of Daping Hospital of Army Medical University from March 13, 2019, to May 23, 2020. According to the intravesical pressure (IVP) on the first day of ICU admission and death within 28 days, the patients were divided into the IAH group (IVP ≥12 mmHg), the non-IAH group, the survival group and the nonsurvival group. The demographic and clinical data, prognostic indicators, AWT and IVP on days 1-7 after entering the ICU, IAH risk factors, and 28-day death risk factors were collected.Results: The AWT on the 1st and mean 7th day of the IAH group was (2.89±0.32)N/mm and (2.82±0.46) N/mm, respectively, which was higher than that of the non-IAH group [ (2.45±0.29) N/mm, (2.43±0.39) N/mm], p＜0.001. The average IVP on the 1st and mean 7th day of all patients were 12.78 (6.14, 18.99) and 11.49 (6.66, 19.43) mmHg, and the AWT on the 1st and mean 7th days were (2.75±0.38) and (2.75±0.47) N/mm, respectively, with significant differences (p< 0.0001). The polynomial regression models showed that the average AWT and IVP on the 1st and mean 7th were AWTday1=-2.450×10-3, IVP2+9.695×10-2 IVP+2.046，r=0.667（p＜0.0001），and AWTmean=-2.293×10-3, IVP2+9.273×10-2 IVP+2.081, respectively. The logistic regression analysis showed that AWTday1 2.73-2.97N/mm increased the patient's 28-day mortality risk (OR: 6.834; 95%: 1.105-42.266, p=0.010).Conclusion: There is a nonlinear correlation between AWT and IVP in critically ill patients, and a high AWT may indicate poor prognosis.Trial registration：ChiCTR，ChiCTR1900020562. Registered 8 January 2019，http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=34441
Nosocomial Infections Among COVID-19 Patients: an Analysis of Prospective Intensive Care Unit Surveillance Data
Authors: Ong Clara Chong Hui , Farhanah Sharifah , Linn Kyaw Zaw , Tang Ying Wei , Poon Chu Ying , Lim Allie Yin , Tan Hui Ru , Hamed Nur Hafizah Binte , Huan Xiaowei , Puah Ser Hon , Ho Benjamin Choon Heng , Soon Margaret Mei Ling , Ang Brenda Sze Pang , Vasoo Shawn , Chan Monica , Leo Yee Sin , Ng Oon Tek , Marimuthu Kalisvar 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Surveillance of nosocomial infections, like catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI), central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI), possible ventilator-associated pneumonia (PVAP) and secondary bloodstream infections were observed to study the impact of COVID-19 outbreak in ICUs from Tan Tock Seng Hospital and National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore between February and June 2020. Higher nosocomial infection rates were observed in COVID-19 patients, although it was not statistically significant. Moreover, COVID-19 patients seem to be more predisposed to CAUTI despite a higher proportion of non-COVID-19 patients having urinary catheters. Thus, continued vigilance to ensure adherence to IPC measures is needed.
Expression , Purification, and Characterization of the Recombinant, Two-component, Response Regulator Arlr From Fusobacterium Nucleatum
Authors: Fan Ruochen , Li Zhuting , Quan Chunshan , Wang Lulu , Shi Xian , Zhang Xuqiang , Dong Yuesheng 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum is associated with the incidence and development of multiple diseases, such as periodontitis and colorectal cancer (CRC). Till now, studies have proved only a few proteins to be associated with such pathogenic diseases. The two-component system is one of the most prevalent forms of bacterial signal transduction related to intestinal diseases. Here we report a novel, recombinant, two-component, response-regulator protein ArlR from the genome of F. nucleatum strain ATCC 25586. We optimized the expression and purification conditions of ArlR; in addition, we characterized the interaction of this response regulator protein to the corresponding histidine kinase and DNA sequence. The full-length ArlR was successfully expressed in six of the E. coli host strains. However, optimum expression conditions of ArlR were present only in E. coli strain BL21 Condon plus (DE3) RIL that was later induced with isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) for 8 h at 25 °C. The SDS-PAGE analysis revealed the molecular weight of the recombinant protein as 27.3 kDa and approximately 90% purity after gel filtration chromatography. ArlR was biologically active after its purification. Therefore, it accepted the corresponding phosphorylated histidine-kinase phosphate group and bound to the analogous DNA sequence. The binding constant between ArlR and the corresponding histidine kinase is 1.28 µM, while the binding constant between ArlR and the bound DNA sequence is 37.5 µM. Altogether, these results illustrate an effective expression and purification method for the novel two-component system protein ArlR.
Protocol Variations in Run-On Transcription Dataset Preparation Produce Detectable Signatures in Sequencing Libraries
Authors: Hunter Samuel , Sigauke Rutendo , Stanley Jacob , Allen Mary , Dowell Robin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: A variety of protocols exist for producing whole genome run-on transcription datasets. However, little is known about how differences between these protocols affect the signal within the resulting libraries. Results: Using run-on transcription datasets generated from the same biological system, we show that a variety of GRO- and PRO-seq preparation methods leave identifiable signatures within each library. Specifically we show that the library preparation method results in differences in quality control metrics, as well as differences in the signal distribution at the 50 end of transcribed regions. These shifts lead to disparities in eRNA identification. However, these differences do not impact analyses aimed at inferring the key regulators involved in changes to transcription.Conclusions: Run-on sequencing protocol variations results in technical signatures that can be used to identify both the enrichment and library preparation method of a particular data set. These technical signatures are batch effects that limit detailed comparisons of pausing ratios and eRNAs identified across protocols. However, these batch effects have only limited impact on our ability to infer the regulators underlying observed transcriptional changes.
EFL Supervisors’ Written Feedback Focus and Language Functions on Masters Degree Students Thesis
Authors: gedamu abate demissie , Gezehagn Tesfaye Habtemariam 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine EFL supervisors’ written feedback focus, and language functions at some selected public universities in Ethiopia. To address the objective of the study, a descriptive exploratory design was adopted. 55 supervisees were randomly selected of 255 for the questionnaire survey. Besides, four supervisors were selected for interviews. Moreover, feedback comments on five theses drafts were utilized as data sources. To decide the language functions and feedback foci, frequency counts and percentage were used. Nonetheless, the interview data were analyzed qualitatively as per their themes. The results showed thesis supervisors used the directive feedback language function most prevailingly over the expressive in their feedback provision. There was no balance of praise, criticism, and suggestions in the provision of feedback comments. The supervisors largely focused on content knowledge, followed by genre knowledge, and then linguistic accuracy and appropriateness (forms), respectively.