bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Einstein tori and crooked surfaces
Authors: Burelle Jean-Philippe , Charette Virginie , Francoeur Dominik , Goldman William M. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In hyperbolic space, the angle of intersection and distance classify pairs of totally geodesic hyperplanes. A similar algebraic invariant classifies pairs of hyperplanes in the Einstein universe. In dimension 3, symplectic splittings of a 4-dimensional real symplectic vector space model Einstein hyperplanes and the invariant is a determinant. The classification contributes to a complete disjointness criterion for crooked surfaces in the 3-dimensional Einstein universe.
Verification of neuroprotective effects of alpha-lipoic acid on chronic neuropathic pain in a chronic constriction injury rat model
Authors: Wang Junhao , Lou Zhaohui , Xi Haiyang , Li Zhi , Li Lepeng , Li Zhenzhen , Zhang Kai , Asakawa Tetsuya 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Treatment of neuropathic pain is far from satisfactory. This study sought evidence of a neuroprotective effect of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) to treat neuropathic pain in a chronic constriction injury (CCI) rat model. A total of 48 rats were randomly divided into sham, CCI, or CCI + ALA groups. Mechanical and thermal nociceptive thresholds were evaluated as behavioral assessments. Dorsal root ganglia cells were assessed morphologically with hematoxylin and eosin staining and for apoptosis with P53 immunohistochemical staining. Compared with the sham group, the CCI group had a shorter paw withdrawal threshold and paw withdrawal latency, abnormal morphologic manifestations, and increased numbers of satellite glial cells and P53+ cells. These changes were significantly reversed by treatment with ALA. Our study indicates neuroprotective effects of ALA on chronic neuropathic pain in a CCI rat model. ALA is potentially considered to be developed as a treatment for neuropathic pain caused by peripheral nerve injury, which requires further verification.
Simultaneous removal efficiency of H2S and CO2 by high-gravity rotating packed bed: Experiments and simulation
Authors: Tran Lien Thi , Le Tuan Minh , Nguyen Tuan Minh , Tran Quoc Toan , Le Xuan Duy , Pham Minh Quan , Lam Van Tan , Van Do Manh 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study explores the possibility of applying high-gravity rotating packed bed (HGRPB) in removing H2S and CO2 from biogas. Ca(OH)2 aqueous solution was used as the absorbent in this study. Different experimental conditions including solution pH, rotating speed (R
S) of HGRPB, gas flow rate (Q
G), and liquid flow rate (Q
L) were investigated with respect to the removal efficiency (E) of H2S and CO2. The experimental and simulated results show that the optimal removal efficiency of H2S and CO2 using HGRPB achieved nearly the same as 99.38 and 99.56% for removal efficiency of H2S and 77.28 and 77.86% for removal efficiency of CO2, respectively. Such efficiencies corresponded with the following optimal conditions: a solution pH of 12.26, HGRPB reactor with the rotating speed of 1,200 rpm, the gas flow rate of 2.46 (L/min), and the liquid flow rate of 0.134 (L/min).
An electrochemical sensor for high sensitive determination of lysozyme based on the aptamer competition approach
Authors: Song Kai , Chen Wenwu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Protein is a kind of basic substance that constitutes a life body. The determination of protein is very important for the research of biology, medicine, and other fields. Lysozyme is relatively small and simple in structure among all kinds of proteins, so it is often used as a standard target detector in the study of aptamer sensor for protein detection. In this paper, a lysozyme electrochemical sensor based on aptamer competition mechanism is proposed. We have successfully prepared a signal weakening electrochemical sensor based on the lysozyme aptamer competition mechanism. The carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were modified on the glassy carbon electrode, and the complementary aptamer DNA with amino group was connected to MWCNTs. Because of the complementary DNA of daunomycin into the electrode, the electrochemical signal is generated. When there is a target, the aptamer binds to lysozyme with higher binding power, and the original complementary chain breaks down, resulting in the loss of daunomycin inserted into the double chain and the weakening of electrochemical signal. Differential pulse voltammetry was used to determine lysozyme, the response range was 1–500 nM, the correlation coefficient was 0.9995, and the detection limit was 0.5 nM. In addition, the proposed sensor has good selectivity and anti-interference.
Eurobonds: Three Lessons from China’s “Debt Centralization/Decentralization” Experience
Authors: An Zhiyong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEurobonds, dubbed as Coronabonds in the context of the current coronavirus crisis, are being hotly debated among the euro area member states amid the COVID-19 pandemic. The debate is in many ways a retread of the euro area sovereign debt crisis of 2011–2012. As China’s “debt centralization/decentralization” experience is comparable with the introduction of Eurobonds in the European Union (EU) in terms of institutional mechanism design, we review our previous series of studies of China’s “debt centralization/decentralization” experience to shed some light on the Eurobonds debate. We obtain three key lessons. First, the introduction of Eurobonds in EU is likely to soften the budget constraint of the governments of the euro area member states. Second, it is also likely to strengthen the moral hazard incentives of the governments of the euro area member states to intentionally overstate their budget problems. Finally, the magnitudes of the moral hazard effects generated by the introduction of Eurobonds in EU are likely larger than their respective counterparts in China.
Distribution of root numbers of Hecke characters attached to some elliptic curves
Authors: Jeong Keunyoung , Kim Jigu , Kim Taekyung 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we show that an action on the set of elliptic curves with

j
=
1728

j=1728

preserves a certain kind of symmetry on the local root number of Hecke characters attached to such elliptic curves.
As a consequence, we give results on the distribution of the root numbers and their average of the aforementioned Hecke characters.
DDX41: a multifunctional DEAD-box protein involved in pre-mRNA splicing and innate immunity
Authors: Andreou Alexandra Z. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
DEAD-box helicases participate in nearly all steps of an RNA’s life. In recent years, increasing evidence has shown that several family members are multitasking enzymes. They are often involved in different processes, which may be typical for RNA helicases, such as RNA export and translation, or atypical, e.g., acting as nucleic acid sensors that activate downstream innate immune signaling. This review focuses on the DEAD-box protein DDX41 and summarizes our current understanding of its roles as an innate immunity sensor in the cytosol and in pre-mRNA splicing in the nucleus and discusses DDX41’s involvement in disease.
Compact and ultrafast all optical 1-bit comparator based on wave interference and threshold switching methods
Authors: Askarian Asghar 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this study, we are going to design all optical 1-bit comparator by combining wave interference and threshold switching methods. The final structure composed of two nonlinear ring resonators and seven waveguides. The functionality of the suggested logical structure is analyzed and simulated by using plane wave expansion (PWE) and finite difference time domain (FDTD) methods. According to results, the proposed all optical 1-bit comparator has faster response and smaller footprint than all previous works. The maximum ON-OFF contrast ratio, delay time and area of the suggested optical comparator are about 16.67 dB, 1.8 ps, and 513 µm2, respectively.
What’s Wrong with the Global? The Interconnected Roles of Inequality, Migrancy, Criminality, Religion, Class, and Caste in India
Authors: Ghosal Abhisek , Das Saswat Samay 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Postcolonial discourses often view globality as marking the continuation of the imperialist project. However, discourses entailing a genetic assessment of globality have identified that the workings of the neoliberal economy are largely responsible for its undoing. This mutually destructive relationship between globality and neoliberalism makes it even more necessary to strike a rupture between them. This article illustrates the strands of global and neoliberal discontent, positioning both globality and neoliberalism as arriving at cul-de sac despite vigorous effort to pretend otherwise. In particular, it dwells on the ontological status of the migrants in India by discussing the current strategy to criminalize them and uses Rahul Pandita’s Our Moon has Blood Clots: A Memoir of a Lost Home in Kashmir to show how criminalized migrants may be turned, by de-globing, into natural inhabitants of the Earth.
Structural equation modeling of mental health in gentrifying neighborhoods in Austin, Texas
Authors: Iyanda Ayodeji Emmanuel , Lu Yongmei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Having poor mental health can be life-threatening, and problems tied to it are prevalent in communities across the United States (US). The city of Austin is one of the ten cities in the US undergoing rapid urban gentrification; however, there is insufficient empirical evidence on the impact of this process on residents’ health. Consequently, this study explored the concept of weathering and life course perspective using data of 331 residents recruited from two regions endemic with gentrification to assess the health impacts of gentrification. We used a triangulation method including univariate, bivariate correlation, and multiple linear regression implemented through the structural equation model to examine the complex pathways to three health outcomes—measured stress, self-rated mental health, and depression symptoms. Bivariate Pearson’s correlation indicated a significant positive association between gentrification score and mental health symptoms and stress. However, the direct association between gentrification and depression disappeared in the causal/path model. In support of the weathering hypothesis, this study found that stress score was directly related to the adulthood depression score. Therefore, this research builds on the accumulating evidence of environmental stress and mental health in the US’s rapidly changing physical and sociocultural environment. Hence, implementing and guaranteeing social equity of resources will improve residents’ health and reduce the cost of health care spending at both the household level and the city government level.
Fear of Small Numbers and Political Behaviour of Ethnocentric Majority of Sri Lanka: Undeclared War against Upcountry Tamil Females
Authors: Senanayake Harsha 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The United Nations Human Development Report (UNHDR) mentions that the rights of women and female children are inalienable, integral and indivisible. It further highlights the full and equal participation of women in every segment of the social process without any discrimination or without considering sex - gender hierarchies.1 The legal frameworks of the international system and local political space is accepting of the normative values of gender equality and the eradication of gender-based discrimination. But most of the majoritarian societies challenge these legal frameworks to address their political, social and market-oriented interests. These actions are driven by political, social and structural frameworks which have been accepted by the majoritarian societies in the liberal democratic world.
Tamil women in upcountry tea plantations in Sri Lanka were subjected to systemic and structural violence because of Sinhala majoritarian statecrafts in post-independence Sri Lanka. The ethnocentric violence directly problematises human security, survival and the personal rights of the upcountry Tamil female labour force. This paper discusses the survival of Tamil female plantation labour forces, focusing mainly on the security crisis of female reproductive rights under the ethnocentric Sinhala Majoritarian Society.
Information Resources Preservation: Bottlenecks and their Effect on Library Information Services
Authors: Mubofu Christian , Mambo Henry , Samzugi Athuman 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study investigated the factors hindering information resources preservation and the extent to which information services are affected in academic libraries. The population consisted of 170 library staff who were conveniently selected from the seven academic libraries under study. The researchers prepared a well-structured questionnaire for data collection and the responses were subjected into SPSS version 20 and content analysis. Findings revealed that lack of awareness, inappropriate building, and lack of preservation plan and being unsure on how to get started, being unsure on how to protect digital information resources and inadequate funding are the factors hindering effective preservation in academic libraries in Tanzania. The study also revealed that lack of information resources preservation affects library services to a great extent. The study concludes that damage of information resources affected information services. The study recommends that academic libraries management in collaboration with other stakeholders should establish a preservation consortium that will oversee the preservation issues in academic libraries country wide that may reduce the extent to which the barriers of information resources preservation affects the information services in the country. Through this consortium experts in the field of preservation will share skills on how they could tackle the preservation challenges together.
Embracing multidimensionality in phonological analysis
Authors: Cohn Abigail C. , Renwick Margaret E. L. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe pursue the idea, implicit in much current phonological research, that understanding the multiple factors that shape speech production and perception is within the purview of phonology. In particular, increased access to naturalistic data has highlighted the multidimensional reality of variation in spoken language. At the same time, longstanding methods of doing phonology – including impressionistic analysis, and laboratory and experimental studies – remain crucial to understanding native speaker competence and grammar. We advocate for an expanded methodological toolbox in phonological analysis, using an iterative approach that crucially includes naturalistic corpus data. Integrating across multiple data sources offers fuller insight into the nature of the phonological system and native speaker-hearer ability. Several case studies highlight findings gained through linked, iterative studies, showing the importance of naturalistic data for a richer understanding of phonological phenomena, and leading us to reflect on desiderata for corpora to reveal speaker-specific patterns in fine phonetic detail and variability, which we argue are part of a speaker-hearer’s phonological competence. Phonological analysis that embraces the full spectrum of variation in spoken language data (from categorical to gradient, and systematic to sporadic) contributes to a deeper understanding of phonology in this richer sense.
Preparation and the Foaming Activity Study of Hydroxymethyl Cetyltrimethyl Ammonium Chloride
Authors: Liu Qiaona , Bai Yun , Dong Sanbao , Li Jinling , Song Zhifei , Chen Shijun , Zhang Jie , Chen Gang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, hydroxymethyl cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (HM-CTAC) was prepared from cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (CTAC) and formaldehyde with different molar ratios (1:1 to 1: 4). The effects of reaction conditions (molar ratio) on surface properties were studied, including surface tension, foaming ability, high temperature resistance, methanol resistance and salt resistance. The results show that the minimum surface tension of HM-CTAC is lower than that of CTAC, and HM-CTAC (1:1) has the lowest surface tension of 31.89 mN · m–1. The foam volume of HM-CTAC with different molar ratios is higher than that of CTAC, and HM-CTAC (1:4) has a high foam volume of 435 mL. Compared to CTAC, the HM-CTAC under different reaction conditions has higher temperature resistance. At the methanol content of 10 wt.%, the initial foam volume of HM-CTAC is higher than that of CTAC, and the initial foam volume of HM-CTAC (1:2) is the highest with a volume of 21.5 mL. Among all the surfactants prepared under different reaction conditions, HM-CTAC (1:3) has the highest salt resistance with a relatively stable change in foam volume under different salt contents.
Prediction of Unloading Failure Strain and Undrained Shear Strength of Saturated Clays by Limit Pressure from Prebored Pressuremeter
Authors: Masoud Zubair , Khan Ammad Hassan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Saturated clays mostly fail in lateral unloading by the reduction of undrained shear strength (Su) because of an increase in lateral unloading strain (εu), which is the most predominant factor affecting the soil mass in excavated structures. An attempt is made to extend the work of Houlsby and Withers (1988) on the self-boring pressuremeter (SBP) and Ferreira and Robertson (1994) for the full-displacement pressuremeter (FDP) and SBP, for unloading curves of the prebored pressuremeter (PBP) test for large strain (up to 41.5 %) tests in a specific type of soil (i.e., saturated lean clay, which so far have been rarely analyzed). This article presents a study to examine and explain the magnitude of strains developed in loading and unloading curves of PBP to predict the ratio of compression to unloading strain (εc/εu) and Su from unloading curves, for which open field experimentation is conducted on saturated clay deposits with a plasticity index of 10 to 16 %. The results of εc/εu and Su that were determined from the undrained PBP tests were compared with anisotropically consolidated undrained triaxial compression tests, which showed reasonable agreement. Correlations are proposed for net limit pressure versus εc/εu and Su from PBP, which offer a new approach to quantifying εu and Su by solely performing compression curves. The proposed correlations are validated by performing PBP tests at two separate sites and are further supported by comparison with the pressuremeter curves of previous studies. The variation in experimental versus predicted values for two separate sites (using the proposed correlation) is within ±10 % for a confidence interval of 95 %.
Geometrical consideration for mechanical contact between rolling circle and surface roughness as an improvement to the surface profile
Authors: Shimizu Tsuyoshi , Hramiishi Yasutake , Ishii Takaaki , Rahim Yuzairi Abdul , Ahmad Mohd Fadzil Ali , Watanabe Hiromi 
Published: March 2021

This paper describes measurement methods of surface profiles that improve contact-type displacement sensor outputs by focusing on the contact point between the sphere tip of the sensor and the rough surface. We examined the geometry of a surface profile model and compared measurements using various methods with the measurement using a roughness meter. The spherical tip of the contact type displacement sensor touches the measurement surface and detects the displacement. The sphere tip radius of a typical contact-type displacement sensor ranges from 1–3 mm, causing the roughness curve to be “filtered” by the radius of the sphere. Three methods for estimating the valley portion of the surface profile are evaluated in this study: a) linear approximation of the concave portion of the surface profile, b) function approximation of the concave portion, and c) using the known nose radius of the machining tool. The following sphere tip radii were used to measure actual surface profiles: 0.25 mm, 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm and 1.5 mm. Given the conditions of the experimental model, we found that surface profiles with a roughness that approximates a predictable curve can be measured with a high degree of accuracy.
Instrument Of Singing Performance Assesment With The Android Based Inventor App
Authors: Wulandari Monica Niken , Ahmadi Farid , Djuniadi Djuniadi 
Published: March 2021

Singing performance assessment still subjectively graded by jury, teacher, or committee. To understand assessment aspects in singing, the information was obtained from two experts one from junior high school 24 Semarang and the other a musician, Purwacaka, who has Musical School Purwacaka in Indonesia. This research aimed to produce singing performance assessment application with App Inventor 2 (AI2) that managed by Massachussetts Institute of Technology (MIT). AI2 is a cloud-based saving that could be accessed from internet browser. ADDIE development model with 5 steps, which are: Analysis, Design, Develop, Implementation, and evaluate. Indicators in this research were practicality, attractiveness, accuracy, and quickness in assess. Data collection for needs analysis taken qualitatively by interview and documentation. The singing assessment application consist of four assessment criteria, there are: technique, expression, song interpretation, and demonstration that form 18 items. This application has been tested by three experts by result: attractive, accurate score, and faster score calculation. The improvement for this application was score that could only be seen one by one later should be showed entirely and could be printed

Keywords: Performance Assesment, Singing, Based on Android, ADDIE