bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Situ Study of FePt Nanoparticles‐Induced Morphology Development during Printing of Magnetic Hybrid Diblock Copolymer Films
Authors: Cao Wei , Yin Shanshan , Bitsch Martin , Liang Suzhe , Plank Martina , Opel Matthias , Scheel Manuel A. , Gallei Markus , Janka Oliver , Schwartzkopf Matthias , Roth Stephan V. , Müller‐Buschbaum Peter 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe development of magnetic hybrid films containing diblock copolymers (DBCs) and magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) by printing is a highly promising method for scalable and low‐cost fabrication. During printing, the drying and arrangement kinetics of the DBC and magnetic NPs play an important role in the film formation concerning morphology and magnetic properties. In this study, the morphology evolution of ultrahigh molecular weight DBC polystyrene‐block‐poly(methyl methacrylate) and magnetic iron platinum (FePt) NPs is investigated with grazing‐incidence small‐angle X‐ray scattering (GISAXS) in situ during printing. For comparison, a pure DBC film is printed without FePt NPs under the same conditions. The GISAXS data suggest that the addition of NPs accelerates the solvent evaporation, leading to a faster film formation of the hybrid film compared to the pure film. As the solvent is almost evaporated, a metastable state is observed in both films. Compared with the pure film, such a metastable state continues longer during the printing process of the hybrid film because of the presence of FePt NPs, which inhibits the reorganization of the DBC chains. Moreover, investigations of the field‐dependent magnetization and temperature‐dependent susceptibility indicate that the printed hybrid film is superparamagnetic, which makes this film class promising for magnetic sensors.
Aggregation‐Induced Phosphorescent Imaging in the Second Near‐Infrared Window
Authors: Chang Baisong , Zhu Hao , Wu Yifan , Wu Shaolong , Zhang Liqin , Qu Chunrong , Ren Ying , Cheng Zhen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe fluorescence imaging in the second near‐infrared window (NIR‐II, 1000–1700 nm) is a very promising and actively studied technique, whereas optical imaging via NIR‐II phosphorescence has been seldom studied. Here, an aggregation‐induced selective signal activation strategy is reported, which relies on switching of radiative mode of probe from weak fluorescence to strong NIR‐II phosphorescence. Copper indium selenium (Cu‐In‐Se) quantum dots emit extremely weak fluorescence in isolated state, while their aggregation remarkably lights NIR‐II phosphorescence up at ≈1045 nm with over 2.7 × 103‐fold increase in luminescent lifetime. Aggregation‐induced emission‐mode‐switching has been confirmed by encapsulating Cu‐In‐Se assembles with mesoporous silica nanoparticles (Cu‐In‐Se@MSN), displaying unique phosphorescence‐type emission. NIR‐II phosphorescence signals enable Cu‐In‐Se@MSN to exhibit impressive lifetime imaging and high‐order branches of vessels can be accurately determined. Studies on the origin of radiative‐mode‐switching not only provide a new insight into photophysical process, but also may lay groundwork for designing smart NIR‐II probes.
Flexible Hybrid Nanogenerator for Self‐Powered Weather and Healthcare Monitoring Sensor
Authors: Lee Taegoon , Kim Inkyum , Kim Daewon 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNowadays, people can receive several types of information from portable and wearable devices. However, the limited working time period, rigid characteristic, and bulky size of the conventional power sources need to be improved for rocketing the compatibility with portable and wearable devices. In this paper, a flexible hybrid nanogenerator (FHNG) is presented by combining a solar cell, a transparent triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), and a piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG). The FHNG can sustainably collect energy from various energy sources. The FHNG can act as a self‐powered weather monitoring device by harvesting and detecting raindrops, wind, and sunlight. Especially, the FHNG can simultaneously harvest both electro‐static energy and impact energy of raindrops by the TENG and PENG parts, respectively. Owing to the hydrophobic surface of the outermost TENG part, the FHNG obtains a self‐cleaning characteristic which can improve the output performance of the FHNG under sunlight and raindrops. Furthermore, the FHNG can be used as a wearable self‐powered healthcare monitoring device by sensing the health information, such as human motion, arterial pulse rate, or respiration rate based on the electrical output when attached to a human body. This research contributes to broadening the coverage of self‐powered nano‐device in portable and wearable electronics.
Causes of death in patients with Down syndrome in 2014–2016: A population study in Japan
Authors: Motegi Narumi , Yamaoka Yui , Moriichi Akinori , Morisaki Naho 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDespite the higher mortality rates in patients with Down syndrome compared with the general Japanese population, the life span has dramatically increased in Japan and other countries. We aimed to clarify recent causes of death in patients with Down syndrome in Japan. We calculated proportionate mortality and standardized mortality odds ratios (SMORs) among all deaths registered with Down syndrome as the cause of death (ICD‐10 code, Q90) in the Japanese National Death Registry Database in 2014–2016. In the study period, 762 in patients with Down syndrome died. The main causes of death were pneumonia/respiratory infections (20.5%), congenital malformations of the circulatory system (11.2%), other diseases of the circulatory system (9.2%), and aspiration pneumonia (8.4%). The SMORs (95% confidence intervals) were higher for natural death, defined as death of an elderly person with no other cause of death to be mentioned (55.73 [36.92–84.12]), early‐onset Alzheimer's disease, defined as Alzheimer's disease with onset <65 years of age (29.36 [16.44–52.44]), aspiration pneumonia (18.33 [14.03–23.96]), pneumonia/respiratory infections (8.11 [6.76–9.73]), congenital malformations of the circulatory system (8.07 [5.98–10.88]), and leukemia/lymphoma (2.16 [1.55–2.99]) but lower for malignant solid tumors (0.04 [0.02–0.06]) in patients with Down syndrome. Patients with Down syndrome had the greatest relative risk of dying from natural death, early‐onset Alzheimer's disease, and respiratory illnesses, highlighting the need for appropriate medical, health, and welfare services.
LGBT+ equality, religious freedom and government‐funded faith‐based religiously affiliated educational workplaces
Authors: Ezzy Douglas , Fielder Bronwyn , Dwyer Angela , Richardson‐Self Louise 
Published: October 2021

AbstractReligiously affiliated schools employ a substantial portion of the Australian educational workforce. These religiously affiliated schools are exempt from Australian state‐based anti‐discrimination legislation in varying degrees. This can have a devastating effect on LGBT+ employees. While NSW has broad exemptions to anti‐discrimination legislation, in contrast Tasmanian anti‐discrimination legislation provides very limited exemptions. This paper examines and compares the experiences of ten LGBT+ teachers employed in religiously affiliated schools in Tasmania and New South Wales. The aim of this paper is to document the differing experiences of these LGBT+ teachers, examining whether the distinctive state‐based legislation has an impact on their lives. The small number of cases examined here suggests that the state difference in anti‐discrimination legislation has a significant impact on LGBT+ peoples’ job security and career development.
Coherent Control of Multiphoton Using Multidressing Fields
Authors: Li Sifan , Li Yufeng , Xiong Siqi , Qin Yisha , Feng Yuan , Zhao Yuan , Yu Xiaojun , Zhang Yanpeng 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe competition and coexistence between linear and nonlinear multiphoton optical responses in multidressing fields; these exhibit shaping temporal waveforms is investigated. In the group delay regime, the width of the rectangular profile in double‐dressing fields is reduced compared to that of the single‐dressing field. In the Rabi oscillation regime, the number of periods in double‐dressing fields increases relative to the single‐dressing field, and the tri‐ and quadphotons are observed to feature six and nine coherent channels, respectively. Finally, changing the optical depth and power of the dressing field can alter the optical response. Compared with the single‐dressing field, cascaded and nested double‐dressing fields reduce the linear coherence time and increase the number of periods; this is useful for photon storage and long‐distance communication. Moreover, increasing the number of dressing coherent channels increases the high‐dimensional entangled information capacity, which is more conducive to the realization of quantum communication and quantum networks.
Access to the Kaon Radius with Kaonic Atoms
Authors: Michel Niklas , Oreshkina Natalia S. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA method to determine the kaon radius from the spectra of kaonic atoms is put forward. The few lowest‐lying transitions in kaonic atoms and their sensitivity to the size of the kaon for ions in the nuclear charge range are analyzed, taking into account finite‐nuclear‐size, finite‐kaon‐size, recoil, and leading‐order quantum‐electrodynamic effects. Additionally, the opportunities for extracting the kaon mass and nuclear radii are demonstrated by examining the sensitivity of the transition energies in kaonic atoms.
A phosphorous/nitrogen/silicon containing diphenylphosphoramide silicon oil toward effective flame retardancy for polycarbonate with comparable mechanical properties
Authors: Jiang Qing , Luo Zhonglin , Wang Biaobing 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA P/N/Si containing diphenylphosphoramide silicone oil (PASO) was synthesized using amino phenyl silicone oil and diphenylphosphinyl chloride as raw materials. The as‐synthesized PASO displayed better flame retardancy toward polycarbonate (PC) meanwhile maintaining the mechanical performances of PC. At loading level of 1 wt% PASO, UL 94V‐0 rating and a high limited oxygen index value of 31% were achieved for the flame retardant composite in the presence of 5 wt% talc as anti‐dripping agent. Additionally, it gave a tensile strength of 65.5 MPa, elongation at break of 96.4%, and impact strength of 52.6 kJ/m2, which were comparable to the pure PC. The analysis of the char residue after cone calorimeter test and the pyrolysis gaseous products demonstrated that PASO exhibited flame retardant mechanism of both gas and condensed phases.
Prostate cancer in multi‐ethnic Asian men: Real‐world experience in the Malaysia Prostate Cancer (M‐CaP) Study
Authors: Lim Jasmine , Malek Rohan , JR Sathiyananthan , Toh Charng C. , Sundram Murali , Woo Susan Y. Y. , Yusoff Noor A. M. , Teh Guan C. , Chui Benjamin J. T. , Ngu Ing S. , Thevarajah S. , Koh Wei J. , Lee Say B. , Khoo Say C. , Teoh Boon W. , Zainal Rohana , Tham Teck M. , Omar Shamsuddin , Nasuha Noor A. , Akaza Hideyuki , Ong Teng A. ,   M‐CaP Study
Published: October 2021

AbstractProstate cancer is the third most common cancer in Malaysia with the lifetime risk of 1 in 117 men. Here, we initiated a longitudinal Malaysia Prostate Cancer (M‐CaP) Study to investigate the clinical and tumour characteristics, treatment patterns as well as disease outcomes of multi‐ethnic Asian men at real‐world setting. The M‐CaP database consisted of 1839 new patients with prostate cancer diagnosed between 2016 and 2018 from nine public urology referral centres across Malaysia. Basic demographic and clinical parameters, tumour characteristics, primary treatment, follow‐up and vital status data were retrieved prospectively from the hospital‐based patients’ case notes or electronic medical records. Primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and biochemical progression‐free survival (bPFS). The median age at diagnosis of M‐CaP patients was 70 years (interquartile range, IQR 65–75). Majority of patients were Chinese (831, 45.2%), followed by Malays (704, 38.3%), Indians (124, 6.7%) and other races (181, 9.8%). The median follow‐up for all patients was 23.5 months (IQR 15.9–33.6). Although 58.1% presented with late‐stage cancer, we observed ethnic and geographic disparities in late‐stage prostate cancer diagnosis. Curative radiotherapy and primary androgen deprivation therapy were the most common treatment for stage III and stage IV diseases, respectively. The median OS and bPFS of stage IV patients were 40.1 months and 19.2 months (95% CI 17.6–20.8), respectively. Late stage at presentation remains a challenge in multi‐ethnic Asian men. Early detection is imperative to improve treatment outcome and survival of patients with prostate cancer.
Wnt signalling in oral and maxillofacial diseases
Authors: Zhang Zhaowei , Pan Xinyue , Chen Mingyang , Bai Mingru 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWnts include more than 19 types of secreted glycoproteins that are involved in a wide range of pathological processes in oral and maxillofacial diseases. The transmission of Wnt signalling from the extracellular matrix into the nucleus includes canonical pathways and noncanonical pathways, which play an important role in tooth development, alveolar bone regeneration, and related diseases. In recent years, with the in‐depth study of Wnt signalling in oral and maxillofacial‐related diseases, many new conclusions and perspectives have been reached, and there are also some controversies. This article aims to summarise the roles of Wnt signalling in various oral diseases, including periodontitis, dental pulp disease, jaw disease, cleft palate, and abnormal tooth development, to provide researchers with a better and more comprehensive understanding of Wnts in oral and maxillofacial diseases.
Anti‐oncogenic PTEN induces ovarian cancer cell senescence by targeting P21
Authors: Ke Xiaoping , Li Li , Li Jingwei , Zheng Mengyu , Liu Ping 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDeletion and mutation of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome10 (PTEN) are closely associated with the occurrence of tumors. Tumor suppressor gene PTEN mutation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer. However, it has been unclear whether it can regulate the senescence of ovarian cancer cells. We speculated that PTEN might inhibit the occurrence and development of ovarian cancer by promoting the expression of P21. We found that the expression of TRIM39 in human ovarian cancer was significantly diminished. In SKOV3 cells treated with naringin, the expression of TRIM39, which binds P21 and inhibits P21 degradation, was significantly elevated. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Western blot, and immunofluorescence were used to detected the expression of PTEN, p21, and TRIM39, β‐galactosidase Staining was used to detect cell senescence, Ki67 staining was used to observe cell proliferation, Trim39 interference or overexpression assay was used to detect its function. We speculated that PTEN might promote SKOV3 cell senescence by increasing TRIM39 expression and decreasing P21 degradation. Furthermore, by interfering with TRIM39 in SKOV3 cells, we found that the expression of P21 was downregulated, and the number of senescent SKOV3 cells decreased. With overexpression of TRIM39 in SKOV3 cells, the expression of P21 was upregulated, and the number of senescent SKOV3 cells increased. When naringin, a PTEN agonist, was added to SKOV3 cells in which TRIM39 protein was interfered with, the expression of P21 was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the number of senescent ovarian cancer cells was significantly diminished. Our results indicated that PTEN maintained the stability of P21 and decreased the degradation of P21 by increasing TRIM39 expression, thus promoting the senescence of SKOV3 cells, and PTEN maintained the stability of p21 and promoted the aging of SKOV3 cells might be a novel therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis with concomitant subdural hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhages involving cerebral convexity and perimesenchephalic regions: A case report
Authors: Gajurel Bikram Prasad , Shrestha Ashish , Gautam Niraj , Rajbhandari Reema , Ojha Rajeev , Karn Ragesh 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe should suspect cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in patients with subacute onset progressive headaches with brain imaging evidence of localized cerebral edema with superimposed parenchymal, convexity subarachnoid as well as subdural hemorrhages.
Transplantation after Mustard operation for transposition of the great arteries
Authors: Katahira Shintaro , Sugimura Yukiharu , Aubin Hug , Ise Hayato , Saiki Yoshikatsu , Lichtenberg Artur , Westenfeld Ralf , Boeken Udo , Akhyari Payam 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAs long‐term outcomes of congenital heart diseases improve, the probability of adult patients presenting for heart transplantation for late failure of congenitally corrected heart disease also increases. In patients with dextro‐transposition of the great arteries (d‐TGA) who were initially treated in the era of Mustard or Senning procedures and before Jatene procedure was introduced, progressive systemic right ventricular failure represents a problem in the very long‐term follow‐up. We report a rare case of heart transplantation as a third operation 36 years after Mustard procedure in a patient with d‐TGA experiencing late failure of the systemic right ventricle.
Lanthanide Identity Governs Guest‐Induced Dimerization in LnIII[15‐MCN(L‐pheHA)‐5])3+ Metallacrowns
Authors: Sgarlata Carmelo , Schneider Bernadette L. , Zito Valeria , Migliore Rossella , Tegoni Matteo , Pecoraro Vincent L. , Arena Giuseppe 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSeries of lanthanide‐containing metallic coordination complexes are frequently presented as structurally analogous, due to the similar chemical and coordinative properties of the lanthanides. In the case of chiral (LnIII[15‐MC
N(L‐pheHA)‐5])3+ metallacrowns (MCs), which are well established supramolecular hosts, the formation of dimers templated by a dicarboxylate guest (muconate) in solution of neutral pH is herein shown to have a unique dependence on the identity of the MC's central lanthanide. Calorimetric data and nuclear magnetic resonance diffusion studies demonstrate that MCs containing larger or smaller lanthanides as the central metal only form monomeric host‐guest complexes whereas analogues with intermediate lanthanides (for example, Eu, Gd, Dy) participate in formation of dimeric host‐guest‐host compartments. The driving force for the dimerization event across the series is thought to be a competition between formation of highly stable MCs (larger lanthanides) and optimally linked bridging guests (smaller lanthanides).
Zwischen Wunsch und Wirklichkeit
Authors: Gandert Etwina 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTotal Cost of Ownership, kurz, TOC, sind der Dreh‐ und Angelpunkt, wenn es um die Frage geht, ob in digitale Technik für Pumpenanlagen investiert wird. Sowohl die Anlagenverfügbarkeit und Leistung als auch die Sicherheit wirken sich direkt auf die Betreiberkosten aus. Eine Optimierung dieser Faktoren durch digitale Services kann daher die Kosten mittel‐ und langfristig senken. Zu überwindende Hürden sind dabei einerseits die Verfügbarkeit sowie Umsetzbarkeit der technischen Lösung und andererseits die Überzeugung zur Investition
Entecavir combined with interferon‐α Is superior to entecavir monotherapy in reducing hepatic and extrahepatic cancer in patients with chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Cheng Kailiang , Chen Yu , Wang Xiaomo , Xu Manman , Liao Wei , Duan Xiaoman , Zhao Xinyu , Sun Yuanyuan , Duan Zhongping , Wang Li 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundThe objective of this study was to assess whether entecavir (ETV) in combination with interferon‐α (IFN‐α) could reduce hepatocellular cancer (HCC) and extrahepatic cancers (EHCs) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).MethodsThe cohort consisted of 4194 patients with CHB treated with ETV combined with IFN‐α or ETV monotherapy at a tertiary hospital in Beijing, China, from January 2009 to December 2017. The risks, hazard ratios (HRs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of HCC and EHCs were compared in the 2 groups.ResultsIn a multivariate Cox regression analysis, a significantly lower risk of HCC (HR, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.3‐0.9; P = .0310) and a marginally significantly lower risk of EHCs (HR, 0.2; 95% CI, 0.02‐1.3; P = .0854) were observed in the group receiving ETV combined with IFN‐α in comparison with the ETV monotherapy group. The annual virological response rates were significantly higher in the combination therapy group versus the monotherapy group (33.8% vs 21.2%; P < .0001), but the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroclearance rates were not (1.2% vs 0.9%; P = .8537). The HRs were consistent with propensity score–based matching, inverse probability weighting adjustments, and adjustments for virological response and HBsAg seroclearance.ConclusionsETV combined with IFN‐α therapy is superior to ETV monotherapy in reducing the risk of HCC and EHCs for patients with CHB. People who can tolerate and benefit from IFN‐α therapy could consider combination therapy.
2021: A Surface Odyssey. Role of Oxygen Functional Groups on Activated Carbon‐Based Electrodes in Vanadium Flow Batteries
Authors: Radinger Hannes 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe market breakthrough of vanadium flow batteries is hampered by their low power density, which depends heavily on the catalytic activity of the graphite‐based electrodes used. Researchers try to increase their performance by thermal, chemical, or electrochemical treatments but find no common activity descriptors. No consistent results exist for the so‐called oxygen functional groups, which seem to catalyze mainly the VIII/VII but rarely the VVO2+/VIVO2+ redox reaction. Some studies suggest that the activity is related to graphitic lattice defects which often contain oxygen and are therefore held responsible for inconsistent conclusions. Activation of electrodes does not change one property at a time, but rather surface chemistry and microstructure simultaneously, and the choice of starting material is crucial for subsequent observations. In this contribution, the literature on the catalytic and physicochemical properties of activated carbon‐based electrodes is analyzed and evaluated. In addition, an outlook on possible future investigations is given to avoid the propagation of contradictions.
Treatment fidelity in eating disorders and psychological research: Current status and future directions
Authors: Peyser Deena , Sysko Robyn , Webb Lauren , Hildebrandt Tom 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe evaluation and use of treatment fidelity procedures are rare in the development and implementation of psychological interventions. This article aims to review the construct of treatment fidelity, highlight limitations to currently available measures, and introduce a conceptual framework for studying and adapting fidelity measures in clinical research and practice using eating disorders as an example.MethodAs treatment fidelity assesses whether an intervention was delivered as intended, we operationalized this construct as: (a) treatment adherence, (b) therapist competence, and (c) treatment differentiation.ResultsThere is a significant gap in the literature assessing and documenting treatment fidelity. Available studies indicate that existing adherence measures can be time consuming, costly, and are not widely used in the field. Furthermore, therapist competence is a complex and context‐dependent construct that is challenging to measure. Finally, treatment differentiation is often inferred by ensuring adherence.DiscussionThe development of simplified formal tests of treatment fidelity would help draw conclusions about treatment efficacy and improve the dissemination and implementation of interventions to promote optimal clinical outcomes.