bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrospective real‐world comparative effectiveness of ovine forestomach matrix and collagen/ORC in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Bosque Brandon A. , Frampton Christopher , Chaffin Abigail E. , Bohn Gregory A. , Woo Kevin , DeLeonardis Candace , Lepow Brian D. , Melin M. Mark , Madu Tobe , Dowling Shane G. , May Barnaby C. H. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe retrospective pragmatic real‐world data (RWD) study compared the healing outcomes of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) treated with either ovine forestomach matrix (OFM) (n = 1150) or collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose (ORC) (n = 1072) in out‐patient wound care centres. Median time to wound closure was significantly (P = .0015) faster in the OFM group (14.6 ± 0.5 weeks) relative to the collagen/ORC group (16.4 ± 0.7). A sub‐group analysis was performed to understand the relative efficacy in DFUs requiring longer periods of treatment and showed that DFUs treated with OFM healed up to 5.3 weeks faster in these challenging wounds. The percentage of wounds closed at 36 weeks was significantly improved in OFM treated DFUs relative to the collagen/ORC. A Cox proportional hazards analysis showed OFM‐treated wounds had a 18% greater probability of healing versus wounds managed with collagen/ORC, and the probability increased to 21% when the analysis was adjusted for multiple variables. This study represents the first large retrospective RWD analysis comparing OFM and collagen/ORC and supports the clinical efficacy of OFM in the treatment of DFUs.
Clinical and economic outcomes of a multidisciplinary team approach in a lower extremity amputation prevention programme for diabetic foot ulcer care in an Asian population: A case‐control study
Authors: Lo Zhiwen Joseph , Chandrasekar Sadhana , Yong Enming , Hong Qiantai , Zhang Li , Chong Lester Rhan Chaen , Tan Glenn , Chan Yam Meng , Koo Hui Yan , Chew Tiffany , Sani Nur Faezah , Cheong Keet Yeng , Cheng Leighton Ren Qin , Tan Audrey Hui Min , Muthuveerappa Sivakami , Lai Tina Peiting , Goh Cheng Cheng , Ang Gary Y. , Zhu Zhecheng , Hoi Wai Han , Lin Jaime H. X. , Chew Daniel E. K. , Lim Brenda , Yeo Pei Shan , Liew Huiling 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPresent guidelines recommend a multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach to diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) care, but relevant data from Asia are lacking. We aim to evaluate the clinical and economic outcomes of an MDT approach in a lower extremity amputation prevention programme (LEAPP) for DFU care in an Asian population. We performed a case‐control study of 84 patients with DFU between January 2017 and October 2017 (retrospective control) vs 117 patients with DFU between December 2017 and July 2018 (prospective LEAPP cohort). Comparing the clinical outcomes between the retrospective cohort and the LEAPP cohort, there was a significant decrease in mean time from referral to index clinic visit (38.6 vs 9.5 days, P < .001), increase in outpatient podiatry follow‐up (33% vs 76%, P < .001), decrease in 1‐year minor amputation rate (14% vs 3%, P = .007), and decrease in 1‐year major amputation rate (9% vs 3%, P = .05). Simulation of cost avoidance demonstrated an annualised cost avoidance of USD $1.86m (SGD $2.5m) for patients within the LEAPP cohort. In conclusion, similar to the data from Western societies, an MDT approach in an Asian population, via a LEAPP for patients with DFU, demonstrated a significant reduction in minor and major amputation rates, with annualised cost avoidance of USD $1.86m.
Exploring adult critical illness survivors’ experiences of fatigue: A qualitative study
Authors: Bench Suzanne , Czuber‐Dochan Wladyslawa , Shah Akshay , Stayt Louise 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimsTo explore adult experiences of fatigue after discharge from an intensive care unit and identify potential management strategies.DesignAn exploratory qualitative study.MethodsOne to one audio‐recorded semi‐structured interviews with 17 adult survivors of critical illness in the United Kingdom, lasting up to 1 h, between September 2019 and January 2020. Anonymised and verbatim‐transcribed interview data underwent a standard process of inductive thematic analysis as described by Braun and Clarke.FindingsThree themes were identified: fatigue is different for everyone; complex interrelating interactions; and personalised fatigue strategies. Fatigue was described as a distressing symptom, unique to the individual that causes an array of complex, often long‐term interrelating impacts on the survivor and their wider family, made worse by a lack of understanding, empathy and support resources. Support from others, alongside interventions such as exercise, good nutrition, information and alternative therapies are used by survivors with variable degrees of success.ConclusionsThis qualitative study reports peoples’ experiences of fatigue after critical illness. Findings highlight the significant impact it has on people's lives and those of their family and friends.
Predictors of nursing students’ intention to receive COVID‐19 vaccination: A multi‐university study in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alshehry Abdualrahman Saeed , Cruz Jonas Preposi , Alquwez Nahed , Alsharari Abdalkarem F. , Tork Hanan M. M. , Almazan Joseph U. , Alshammari Farhan , Alabdulaziz Hawa , Alsolami Fatmah , Tumala Regie B. , Al Thobaity Abdulellah , Alqahtani Friyal Mubarak , Balay‐Odao Ejercito 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimsThis study examined the predictors of student nurses’ intention to vaccinate against COVID‐19. We measured the nursing students’ risk perceptions, anxiety, fears and beliefs on COVID‐19 vaccine; attitudes towards it and vaccine literacy (VL).DesignThis study is a multi‐university study utilizing the quantitative, cross‐sectional and predictive approach.MethodsUsing convenience sampling (n = 1170), we surveyed 10 Saudi universities from November 26, 2020, to December 31, 2020. Forward stepwise multinomial logistic regression was performed in identifying the factors predicting student nurses’ intention to vaccinate against COVID‐19.ResultsThe overall mean in the risk perception, anxiety and fear was 9.59 (SD = 2.82, possible range = 1–15), 3.95 (SD = 4.77, possible range = 0–20) and 18.17 (SD = 6.65, possible range = 7–35) respectively. They also reported a mean of 29.90 (SD = 6.56, possible range = 8–40) on COVID‐19 belief. COVID‐19 positive and negative attitudes mean score was 3.64 (SD = 0.92) and 2.72 (SD = 0.90) in a 1–4 range of scores respectively. The functional and interactive‐critical COVID‐19 VL of the students were at moderate levels. More than half of the respondents (55.9%) intended to be vaccinated against COVID‐19, 17.6% did not intend to do so and 26.5% were unsure. High‐risk perceptions, low levels of COVID‐19 anxiety, positive beliefs and attitudes towards COVID‐19 vaccine, and high levels of interactive‐critical COVID‐19 VL were significant predictors of student nurses’ intentions to vaccinate against COVID‐19.ConclusionPolicymakers could consider the factors identified in this study and why the students did not intend to receive the vaccine in planning a nationwide vaccination program. The colleges of nursing could also utilize the findings in developing educational programs that aim to improve VL and beliefs and attitudes towards COVID‐19 vaccine.
Psychological distress among Chinese patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy: Concordance between patient and family caregiver reports
Authors: Zhao Huihui , Li Xiaojin , Zhou Chunlan , Wu Yanni , Li Wenji , Chen Liling 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimsTo examine patient–caregiver concordances about psychological distress among Chinese patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy and identify factors related to concordance among patients and family caregivers.DesignCross‐sectional study.MethodsFrom October 2019 to June 2020, 137 patient‐caregiver dyads were enrolled. Sociodemographic information, the distress thermometer (including the problem list), the Distress Disclosure Index and the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale were used to collect data. Data were analysed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), kappa statistics, two related samples test, chi‐square tests and/or Fisher's exact tests and binary logistic regression.ResultsOverall, fair agreement was identified between patients’ and caregivers’ reports (intraclass correlation coefficients [ICC] = .528). Patients reported significantly higher psychological distress scores than paired caregiver reports. Lower psychological distress concordance was found among patients with comorbidities (odds ratio [OR], 0.352; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.155–0.798) and lower levels of self‐disclosure (OR, 0.402; 95% CI, 0.186–0.868).ConclusionThere was relatively low concordance between patients’ reports and caregivers’ perceptions of psychological distress. Family caregivers tended to underestimate patients’ psychological distress. A comorbid condition and lower levels of self‐disclosure contributed to this bias.ImpactHaving an awareness of the incongruence between patient and caregiver may help healthcare providers better interpret caregiver assessments. Healthcare providers should reinforce patient‐caregiver dyadic psychosocial education to improve concordance. More psychological care and substantial emotional support should be provided for Chinese breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy by family caregivers and healthcare providers.
Breast cancer‐related lymphoedema: Risk factors and prediction model
Authors: Martínez‐Jaimez Patricia , Armora Verdú Miriam , Forero Carlos G. , Álvarez Salazar Samantha , Fuster Linares Pilar , Monforte‐Royo Cristina , Masia Jaume 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimsTo identify the risk factors for lymphoedema following axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in a European sample and to propose a lymphoedema prediction model for this population.DesignPredictive retrospective cohort study comparing women who developed lymphoedema in 2 years of undergoing ALND with those who did not developed lymphoedema.MethodsWe reviewed the clinical records of 504 women who, between January 2008 and May 2018, underwent surgery for breast cancer that involved ALND. Logistic regression was used to identify significant risk factors for lymphoedema. The prediction accuracy of the model was assessed by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.ResultsOf the 504 women whose records were analysed, 156 developed lymphoedema. Significant predictors identified in the regression model were level of lymph node dissection, lymph node status, post‐operative complications, body mass index (BMI) and number of lymph nodes extracted. The prediction model showed good sensitivity (80%) in the study population.ConclusionsThe factor contributing most to the risk of lymphoedema was the level of lymph node dissection, and the only patient‐related factor in the prediction model was BMI. The model offers good predictive capacity in this population and it is a simple tool that breast care units could use to assess the risk of lymphoedema following ALND. Nurses with specialist knowledge of lymphoedema have a key role to play in ensuring that women receive holistic and individualized care.ImpactWhat problem did the study address? Secondary lymphoedema is one of the main complications in the treatment of breast cancer. What were the main findings? The prediction model included five factors associated with the risk of lymphoedema following ALND. The strongest predictor was the level of lymph node dissection, and the only patient‐related factor was BMI. Where and on whom will the research have an impact? The prediction model offers breast care units a tool for assessing the risk of lymphoedema in women undergoing surgery involving ALND. The results highlight the importance of weight reduction as a preventive measure and support a more conservative surgical approach.
LINC01783 accelerated tongue squamous cell carcinoma progression via inhibiting miR‐199b‐5p
Authors: Hu Ying , Wang Xiaofeng , Li Chong , Jiao Liang , Du Yi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractGrowing studies illustrated that lncRNAs exert critical roles in development and occurrence of tumours including TSCC. In this research, we indicated that LINC01783 was up‐regulated in TSCC cells (SCC1, Cal27, UM1 and SCC4) when compared to NHOK cell. RT‐qPCR analysis indicated that LINC01783 was overexpressed in 22 TSCC cases (73.3%, 22/30) compared with no‐tumour specimens. LINC01783 level was up‐regulated in TSCC specimens when compared to no‐tumour specimens. Ectopic expression of LINC01783 promoted TSCC cell cycle and growth and EMT progression in both TSCC cell SCC1 and Cal27. Overexpression of LINC01783 sponged miR‐199b‐5p in TSCC cell and elevated expression of LINC01783 inhibited miR‐199b‐5p expression. Moreover, we illustrated that miR‐199b‐5p was down‐regulated in TSCC cells and specimen and LINC01783 level was up‐regulated in TSCC specimens when compared to no‐tumour specimens. Elevated expression of LINC01783 promoted TSCC cell growth, cycle and EMT progression by sponging miR‐199b‐5p. These data suggested that LINC01783 functioned as one oncogene and might be one treatment target for TSCC.
Hematopoietic cell kinase enhances osteosarcoma development via the MEK/ERK pathway
Authors: Liu Weibo , Li Teng , Hu Wenhao , Ji Quanbo , Hu Fanqi , Wang Qi , Yang Xiaoqing , Qi Dengbin , Chen Hui , Zhang Xuesong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractOsteosarcoma (OS) is a sarcoma with high rates of pulmonary metastases and mortality. The mechanisms underlying tumour generation and development in OS are not well‐understood. Haematopoietic cell kinase (HCK), a vital member of the Src family of kinase proteins, plays crucial roles in cancer progression and may act as an anticancer target; however, the mechanism by which HCK enhances OS development remains unexplored. Therefore, we investigated the role of HCK in OS development in vitro and in vivo. Downregulation of HCK attenuated OS cell proliferation, migration and invasion and increased OS cell apoptosis, whereas overexpression of HCK enhanced these processes. Mechanistically, HCK expression enhanced OS tumorigenesis via the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) pathway; HCK upregulation increased the phosphorylation of MEK and ERK and promoted epithelial‐mesenchymal transition, with a reduction in E‐cadherin in vitro. Furthermore, HCK downregulation decreased the tumour volume and weight in mice transplanted with OS cells. In conclusion, HCK plays a crucial role in OS tumorigenesis, progression and metastasis via the MEK/ERK pathway, suggesting that HCK is a potential target for developing treatments for OS.
Effects of a gamma‐secretase inhibitor of notch signalling on transforming growth factor β1‐induced urethral fibrosis
Authors: Huang Shanlong , Fu Delai , Wan Ziyan , Li Min , Li Hecheng , Chong Tie 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUrethral stricture (US) is a common disorder of the lower urinary tract in men caused by fibrosis. The recurrence rate of US is high; however, there are no effective therapies to prevent or treat urethral fibrosis. The pathogenesis of urethral fibrosis involves myofibroblast activation and excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. The molecular mechanisms underlying this pathological activation are not completely understood. It has been demonstrated that Notch signalling contributes to the development of fibrosis and inflammation. However, whether this contributes to urethral fibrosis remains unclear. In this study, activation of Notch signalling was observed in patients with US. Additionally, it was noted that activation of Notch signalling promoted ECM production and myofibroblast activation in human urethral scar fibroblasts (HUSFs) treated with transforming growth factor (TGF) β1. However, the Notch inhibitor N‐[N‐(3,5‐difluorophenacetyl)‐L‐alanyl]‐S‐phenylglycine t‐butyl ester (DAPT) suppressed activation of Notch signalling as well as proliferation and migration of the TGFβ1‐treated HUSFs. Additionally, DAPT ameliorated TGFβ1‐induced urethral fibrosis in Sprague Dawley rats by suppressing ECM production, myofibroblast activation and the TGFβ signalling pathway. These findings demonstrate that Notch signalling may be a promising and potential target in the prevention or treatment of urethral fibrosis.
Perceived child impairment and the ‘autism epidemic’
Authors: Lundström Sebastian , Taylor Mark , Larsson Henrik , Lichtenstein Paul , Kuja‐Halkola Ralf , Gillberg Christopher 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundThe prevalence of diagnosed Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has increased substantially across the world. Much – or even most – prevalence increase seems to reflect changes in diagnostic practice and ascertainment. A key part of ASD assessment is to document that the relevant symptoms are associated with clinical impairment. The aim of the present study is to capitalize on a nationwide longitudinal study spanning 15 consecutive birth year cohorts in order to investigate whether there has been a secular change in how parents perceive the impairment and suffering conferred by autism symptomatology in their children.MethodsData came from the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden (27,240 individuals), where parents had reported on their child’s ASD symptoms and impairment. Impairment due to ASD symptoms was regressed on an ASD symptom score across time. This was done for five 3‐year birth cohorts (1995–1997, 1998–2000, 2001–2003, 2004–2006, and 2007–2009).ResultsReported impairment increased with consecutively later birth cohorts. This was evident across all levels of autism symptomatology. At clinically relevant levels of symptomatology, parents of those born 2007–2009 reported a 23% higher degree of impairment as compared with parents of those born in 1995–1997. The relative difference, however, was even greater at levels that previously would have been considered below the diagnostic threshold.DiscussionThe results presented here contribute to the notion of a growing diffuseness in the conceptualization of the ASD diagnosis by adding the element of secular changes in the parental perception of the consequences of ASD symptom expression.
Parapause breakage as a key step for the continuous indoor rearing of Philaenus spumarius
Authors: Morente Marina , Cornara Daniele , Moreno Aránzazu , Fereres Alberto 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe development of an efficient indoor rearing protocol of Philaenus spumarius is a key step for research on the meadow spittlebug, as it could reduce researchers' dependency on the availability and collection of univoltine individuals in the field. Here, we implemented the rearing protocol previously described by inducing females' parapause breakage before mating. This new step enables the completion of the life cycle of P. spumarius (adult to adult) in 149 days, potentially providing three generations per year under laboratory conditions.
Localization of the proteinase inhibitor activity in the fish cestode Eubothrium rugosum
Authors: Izvekova Galina I. , Frolova Tatyana V. , Izvekov Evgeny I. , Kashinskaya Elena N. , Solovyev Mikhail M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe mechanisms enabling fish tapeworms to avoid proteolytic attacks by digestive enzymes of their fish host have been studied in less detail compared with mammalian cestodes. This study aimed to assess the inhibitory ability towards trypsin and chymotrypsin in Eubothrium rugosum, an intestinal parasite of burbot Lota lota, and establish its localization in the tapeworm. To this end, the worms were treated with Triton X‐100 followed by differential centrifugation to isolate the tegumental brush border membrane. The protease inhibitory abilities of the worms were mostly determined by their excretory/secretory products released into the incubation medium. These inhibitory abilities proved to be linked mainly with the brush border fractions. Notably, the per cent inhibition of both studied digestive enzymes (trypsin and chymotrypsin) hardly depended on the duration of the parasite exposure in the incubation medium, probably due to intermittent glycocalyx renewal. Improved knowledge on functions of the excretory/secretory proteins produced by fish tapeworms may contribute to a better understanding of host–parasite relations and development of new approaches to the treatment and prevention of diseases caused by pathogenic helminths.
Urine creatinine concentration and clinical outcomes in older adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study
Authors: Barzilay Joshua I. , Buzkova Petra , Shlipak Michael G. , Lyles Mary F. , Bansal Nisha , Garimella Pranav S. , Ix Joachim H. , Kizer Jorge R. , Strotmeyer Elsa S. , Djousse Luc , Biggs Mary L. , Siscovick David , Mukamal Kenneth J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPurposeLoss of muscle mass and strength are associated with long‐term adverse health outcomes in older adults. Urine creatinine concentrations (Ucr; mg/dl) are a measure of muscle tissue mass and turnover. This study assessed the associations of a spot Ucr level with muscle mass and with risk of hospitalization, mortality, and diabetes mellitus in older adults.MethodsWe examined 3424 participants from the Cardiovascular Health Study who provided spot urine samples in 1996–1997 and who were followed through June 2015. All participants underwent baseline measurement of grip strength. In a sub‐cohort, 1331 participants underwent dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans, from which lean muscle mass was derived. Participants were followed for a median of 10 years for hospitalizations and mortality, and 9 years for diabetes mellitus.ResultsIn linear regression analysis, a one standard deviation higher Ucr concentration (64.6 mg/dl) was associated with greater grip strength (kg force) β = 0.44 [0.16, 0.72]; p = 0.002) and higher lean muscle mass (kg) (β = 0.43 [0.08, 0.78]; p = 0.02). In Cox regression analyses, each standard deviation greater Ucr concentration was associated with lower rates of hospitalizations (0.94 [95% confidence interval, 0.90, 0.98]; p < 0.001) and lower mortality risk (0.92 [0.88, 0.97]; p < 0.001), while a one standard deviation increase in muscle mass derived from DEXA had no such significant association. Ucr levels were not associated with incident diabetes mellitus risk (0.97 [0.85, 1.11]; p = 0.65).ConclusionA higher spot Ucr concentration was favorably associated with muscle mass and strength and with health outcomes in older community‐living adults. The ease of obtaining a spot Ucr makes it an attractive analyte to use for gauging the health of older adults.