bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Medication Adherence and Factors Affecting It in Patients With Stroke
Authors: Arkan Gulcihan , Sarigol Ordin Yaprak , Ozturk Vesile , Ala Rahmi Tümay 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Medication adherence is important in reducing the rate of secondary stroke in patients previously given a diagnosis of stroke. Therefore, there is a need to examine medication adherence and the factors affecting it in these patients. This study aimed to examine medication adherence in patients with stroke and the factors affecting it. METHODS: This study adopted a descriptive and cross-sectional design carried carried out on 183 stroke patients. Data were obtained between January and December 2019 using a sociodemographic and clinical characteristics form, the Morisky's Questions – Self-Reported Measure of Medication Adherence, the Turkish translation of the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire, the Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living Scale, and the revised Turkish version of Mini-Mental State Examination. RESULTS: The proportion of patients with high medication adherence was 33.9%. The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients with stroke were found as not effective factors in medication adherence. Specific concerns and general overuse in the Turkish translation of the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire were found as factors affecting medication adherence. The Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living Scale and its subscales were found to be not effective factors in medication adherence. CONCLUSION: According to the results, the proportion of patients with high medication adherence was low. Patients' concerns about the possible side effects of their prescribed medications and beliefs about the overuse of medications negatively affected their medication adherence. It is recommended that nurses evaluate patients' medication adherence and beliefs about medications during hospitalization, discharge, or home visits. Structured nurse-led intervention programs are needed to enhance patients' medication adherence and beliefs about their medications.
Perception Differences in Burnout
Authors: Dharani Babar , Guntern Stefan , April Kurt 
Published: November 2021

Objective:Burnout differences between management and subordinates can affect preventative interventions chosen by management. Our study investigated if these differences in experiences of burnout (1) are dimension specific (2) correspond to differences in perceptions of the effectiveness of burnout prevention methods.Methods:Two hundred thirty nine managers and 217 subordinates completed an online survey that categorized their self-reported experiences into the three dimensions of burnout and investigated their perceptions of the effectiveness of burnout prevention techniques.Results:Contrary to the literature, Swiss-German managers experienced greater exhaustion than subordinates. Despite this experiential difference, their perceived effectiveness of burnout prevention methods did not differ.Conclusions:Contextual differences explain dimension-specific differences in self-reported experiences of burnout at different hierarchal levels; however, these did not contribute to leader distance or perception gap either due to foundational or context-specific factors.
The Validity and Reliability of a Treadmill Test for Structural Firefighter Applicants
Authors: Scarlett Michael P. , Ehnes Cameron M. , Adams Eric M. , Dreger Randy W. , Petersen Stewart R. 
Published: November 2021

Objective:
This 2-part study evaluated validity and reliability of a treadmill test for structural firefighters.

Methods:
Wearing fire protective ensemble, 260 participants walked at 1.56 m-s–1, completing a 5-min warm-up, an 8-min stage at a 5.71° incline, then graded stages to exhaustion. In Part 2, 21 participants completed the test on 3 separate days under standardized conditions.

Results:
Average (±SD) oxygen uptake (

) during minutes 1 – 13 was similar to reported values for simulated fire-rescue work. During the 13th min,

was consistent with

recommendations for firefighters in Part 2, exercise duration increased between trials 1 and 2 before stabilizing but

was consistent.

Conclusions:
Congruence with reported

during simulated firefighting and recommendations for

confirmed validity. Acceptable test-retest reliability was demonstrated. We conclude that the test is valid and reliable for evaluating cardiorespiratory endurance for firefighting.
Testing for SARS-CoV-2 in Symptomatic Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Health Care Workers During the Delta Variant Surge
Authors: Lopez Anthony , Kosnik Robert , Blanc Paul D. , Taylor Brian R. , Guntur Sandeep 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Infection with SARS- CoV- 2 in health care workers (HCWs) challenges employee health services.

Methods:
We analyzed telephone Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) hotline data over 8 weeks in 2021 during SARS- CoV- 2 Delta variant surge. We calculated COVID-19 case rates among persons-under-investigation (PUIs) for illness at two health care centers (HCs).

Results:
There were 41 COVID-19 cases among the 285 PUIs (14.4%) at the study HC and 549 (16.9%) of 3244 at the comparison HC. At the study HC, 11.7% of vaccinated PUIs versus 36.6% of unvaccinated PUIs were COVID-19 positive. The COVID-19 positivity rates among vaccinated and unvaccinated PUIs at the comparison HC were 16.1% and 33.3%, respectively.

Discussion:
In the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant surge, COVID-19 test positivity rates among unvaccinated symptomatic HCWs are dramatically elevated. Aggressive testing of HCW PUIs is particularly critical during periods of disease upsurge.
Suffering in Silence
Authors: Ellison Jared M. , Jaegers Lisa A. 
Published: November 2021

Objective:Correctional officers are exposed to violence more often than many other public service workers, yet little is known about the traumatic nature of these risks. We examine violence exposure and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among a large, multi-facility sample of jail officers.Method:One thousand three hundred and sixty five officers working in 20 jails were surveyed regarding background characteristics, exposure to violence at work, and post-traumatic stress symptoms measured by the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5).Results:About one-third of the sample met the criteria for a “provisional PTSD Diagnosis” or “probable PTSD”.’ Victimization and exposure to violence, both in and outside of work, significantly contributed to PTSD symptoms.Conclusions:Findings highlight the severity of, and link between, exposure to violence and PTSD among jail officers. Implications for diagnosing, treating, and preventing PTSD among jail officers are discussed.
Pelvic Floor Mobility Measured by Transperineal Ultrasound Imaging in Women With and Without Urgency and Frequency Predominant Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms
Authors: Foster Stefanie N. , Spitznagle Theresa M. , Tuttle Lori J. , Lowder Jerry L. , Sutcliffe Siobhan , Steger-May Karen , Ghetti Chiara , Wang Jinli , Burlis Taylor , Meister Melanie R. , Mueller Michael J. , Harris-Hayes Marcie 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Women with urgency/frequency predominant lower urinary tract symptoms (UF-LUTS) may have elevated pelvic floor muscle (PFM) position at rest and limited mobility with PFM contraction and bearing down, but this has not been quantified.

Objectives:
To compare PFM position and mobility using transperineal ultrasound (TPUS) at rest, maximal PFM contraction (perineal elevation), and bearing down (perineal descent) in women with and without UF-LUTS. We hypothesized that women with UF-LUTS would demonstrate elevated resting position and decreased excursion of pelvic landmarks during contraction and bearing down as compared with women without UF-LUTS.

Study Design:
A case-control study

Methods:
Women with UF-LUTS were matched 1:1 on age, body mass index, and vaginal parity with women without UF-LUTS. TPUS videos were obtained during 3 conditions: rest, PFM contraction, and bearing down. Levator plate angle (LPA) and puborectalis length (PR length) were measured for each condition. Paired t tests or Wilcoxon signed rank tests compared LPA and PR length between cases and controls.

Results:
Among 21 case-control pairs (42 women), women with UF-LUTS demonstrated greater LPA at rest (66.8°± 13.2° vs 54.9°± 9.8°; P= .006), and less PR lengthening from rest to bearing down (0.2 ± 3.1 mm vs 2.1 ± 2.9 mm; P= .03).

Conclusion:
Women with UF-LUTS demonstrated more elevated (cranioventral) position of the PFM at rest and less PR muscle lengthening with bearing down. These findings highlight the importance of a comprehensive PFM examination and possible treatment for women with UF-LUTS to include PFM position and mobility.
From the Core to the Floor—Utilizing a Webinar to Provide Pelvic Health Education
Authors: Morrison Cara , Pereira Angela , Masuda Kim , Bargstadt-Wilson Kari , Peterson Julie , Snyder Kailey 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Childbirth can increase the risk of urinary and fecal incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse; however, research indicates postpartum women have limited knowledge of these conditions.

Objectives:
(1) To determine whether a webinar can improve postpartum women's knowledge related to the structures, functions, muscles, and strengthening of the pelvic floor and (2) to explore changes in perception of postpartum women's understanding of the core/pelvic floor and their role in urinary incontinence (UI) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP).

Methods:
Women who had given birth within the last year and were older than 19 years were recruited via social media. Women completed a demographic survey, Prolapse and Incontinence Knowledge Questionnaire (PIKQ), and a telephonic interview before and after viewing a 1-time online webinar produced by a Women's Health Physical Therapy (DPT) Resident. Survey data were analyzed via independent t tests. Qualitative data were analyzed via a latent content recurrent cross-sectional analysis.

Results:
A total of 16 women participated in this study. There were significant improvements in pre- versus postwebinar. Specific to qualitative findings, the main knowledge changes seen from pre- to postwebinar interviews included greater awareness of specific exercises with proper progression and sequencing, improved descriptions of UI and POP, and improved cuing of a Kegel.

Conclusion:
A pelvic health education webinar can result in improvements in pelvic health knowledge. More research is needed to determine whether this increase in knowledge translates to a greater likelihood to engage in pelvic floor strengthening exercises and ultimately whether it reduces pelvic floor dysfunction.
Controversial risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Baidoun Firas , Sarmini Muhammad Talal , Merjaneh Zahi , Moustafa Muhamad Alhaj 
Published: November 2021

Introduction
Cholangiocarcinoma is a rare malignancy accounting for 3% of gastrointestinal cancers in the USA. While multiple risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma are established, other potential risk factors are still controversial. Herein, we used a large national database to investigate possible risk factors and associations.

Method
We used the National Inpatient Sample database to review all admissions between 2011 and 2015. We grouped patients based on the presence and absence of cholangiocarcinoma. Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, we assessed the association between obesity, alcohol abuse, smoking, diabetes mellitus and cholangiocarcinoma.

Results
Out of 30 9552 95 admissions, 20 030 had cholangiocarcinoma. Cholangiocarcinoma patients were older (67 ± 12.8 vs. 57 ± 20.6; P < 0.001) and had fewer female patients (48 vs. 59%; P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes mellitus was associated with cholangiocarcinoma (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01–1.08; P < 0.001). On the other hand, alcohol, smoking and obesity were all inversely associated with cholangiocarcinoma (OR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.69–0.81; P < 0.001), (OR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.71–0.79; P < 0.001) and (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.67–0.75; P < 0.001), respectively. In addition, compared to Whites, Hispanic and Asian/Pacific Islander races were more associated with cholangiocarcinoma (OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.21–1.34) and (OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.67–1.92) (P < 0.001 for all), respectively, whereas African American race was inversely associated with cholangiocarcinoma (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.81–0.89; P < 0.001).

Conclusion
Patients with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus or from certain ethnic groups (Hispanic and Asian/Pacific Islander) are associated with increased risk for cholangiocarcinoma.
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in the Algarve region of Portugal: a retrospective registry trial with outcome data
Authors: Mourão Carvalho Nuno , Martins Cláudia , Cartaxo Vera , Marreiros Ana , Justo Emília , Raposo Carlos , Binnie Alexandra 
Published: November 2021

Background and importance
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is a leading cause of death in Europe. An understanding of region-specific factors is essential for informing strategies to improve survival.

Design
This retrospective observational study included all out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients attended by the Emergency Medical Service of the Algarve in 2019. Outcome data were derived from hospital records.

Main results
In 2019, there were 850 out-of-hospital cardiac arrests treated with cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the Algarve, representing a population incidence of 189/100 000. Return of spontaneous circulation occurred in 83 patients (9.8%), of whom 17 (2.0%) had survival to hospital discharge and 15 (1.8%) had survival with good neurologic outcome. Among patients in the Utstein comparator group, survival to hospital discharge was 21.4%. Predictors of return of spontaneous circulation were age, witnessed arrest, initial shockable rhythm, time of year, time to cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and time to advanced life support. Predictors of survival to hospital discharge were age, initial shockable rhythm, time to rhythm analysis, and time to advanced life support. Predictors of survival with good neurologic outcome were age, initial shockable rhythm, and time to return of spontaneous circulation.

Conclusions
The incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the Algarve was higher than in other jurisdictions while return of spontaneous circulation, survival to hospital discharge, and survival with good neurologic outcome were comparatively low. An aging population, a geographically diverse region, and a low incidence of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation may have contributed to these outcomes. These results confirm the importance of early cardiopulmonary resuscitation, early rhythm assessment, and early advanced life support, all of which are potentially modifiable through public education, broadening of the defibrillator network and increased availability of advanced life support teams.
Functional Outcomes After Surgery for Total Colonic, Long‐Segment, Versus Rectosigmoid Segment Hirschsprung Disease
Authors: Verkuijl Sanne J. , Meinds Rob J. , van der Steeg Alida F.W. , van Gemert Wim G. , de Blaauw Ivo , Witvliet Marieke J. , Sloots Cornelius E.J. , van Heurn Ernst , Vermeulen Karin M. , Trzpis Monika , Broens Paul M.A. 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTObjectives:Knowledge on long‐term outcomes in patients with Hirschsprung disease is progressing. Nevertheless, differences in outcomes according to aganglionic lengths are unclear. We compared long‐term bowel function and generic quality of life in Hirschsprung patients with total colonic or long‐segment versus rectosigmoid aganglionosis.Methods:In this nationwide, cross‐sectional study participants with proven Hirschsprung disease received the Defecation and Fecal Continence questionnaire, and the Child Health Questionnaire Child Form‐87, or the WHO Quality of Life‐100. We excluded deceased patients, patients who were younger than 8 years, lived abroad, had a permanent enterostomy, or were intellectually impaired.Results:The study population (n = 334) was operated for rectosigmoid (83.9%), long‐segment (8.7%), or total colonic aganglionosis (7.5%). Fecal incontinence in general was not significantly different between the three groups, but liquid fecal incontinence was significantly associated with total colonic aganglionosis (odds ratio [OR] = 6.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.07–17.38, P = 0.001). Regarding constipation, patients with total colonic or long‐segment aganglionosis were less likely to suffer from constipation than the rectosigmoid group (OR = 0.21, 95% CI, 0.05–0.91, P = 0.038 and OR = 0.11, 95% CI, 0.01–0.83, P = 0.032). Quality of life was comparable between the three groups, except for a lower physical score in children with total colonic aganglionosis (P = 0.016).Conclusions:Over time Hirschsprung patients with total colonic or long‐segment aganglionosis do not suffer from worse fecal incontinence in general. A difference in stool consistency may underlie the association between liquid fecal incontinence and total colonic aganglionosis and constipation in patients with rectosigmoid aganglionosis. Despite these differences, generic quality of life is comparable on reaching adulthood.
Nurses' Perceptions of Recommended Fall Prevention Strategies
Authors: Garcia Amanda , Bjarnadottir Ragnhildur (Raga) I. , Keenan Gail M. , Macieira Tamara G. R. 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Limited studies have synthesized evidence on nurses' perceptions of recommended fall prevention strategies and potential differences between those and the practiced strategies.

Purpose:
To synthesize evidence about nurses' perceptions of recommended fall prevention strategies for hospitalized adults.

Methods:
Using PubMed, 50 records underwent abstract and full-text screening, and 10 studies were retained. Narrative synthesis was conducted to identify common themes across studies. Quality assessment was not performed.

Results:
Nurses are aware of effective fall prevention strategies but identified unit-level barriers and facilitators to implementing these in their practice. Unit culture and policies, educational offerings, nursing interventions, and style of communication and collaboration were seen to influence fall prevention.

Conclusions:
Nurses recognize falls as a multifactorial issue suggesting that prevention efforts be tailored to the unit and involve all employees. We recommend that future research emphasize identifying and understanding the combination of factors that produce successful unit-level fall prevention strategies.
Racial Disparities in Care Interactions and Clinical Outcomes in Black Versus White Nursing Home Residents With Dementia
Authors: Resnick Barbara , Van Haitsma Kimberly , Kolanowski Ann , Galik Elizabeth , Boltz Marie , Ellis Jeanette , Behrens Liza , Eshraghi Karen 
Published: November 2021

Background:
With the increase in Black nursing home residents, racial and ethnic disparities in quality of care have been raised.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate racial disparities in care and outcomes over 12 months.

Methods:
This was a secondary data analysis using data from the Evidence Integration Triangle for Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia study. A total of 553 residents, 24% Black residents and 76% White residents, from 55 nursing homes were included.

Results:
Differences favoring Black resident were noted in agitation, quality of life, inclusion of person-centered care approaches in care plans, and fewer falls and hospitalizations. Differences in quality-of-care interactions favored White residents. There were no differences in depression, resistiveness to care, function, pain, or transfers to the emergency department.

Conclusions:
Disparities in clinical outcomes were small and generally favored Black versus White residents except for quality-of-care interactions.
Self-assessment of Rationing and Quality of Nursing Care
Authors: Witczak Izabela , Kołtuniuk Aleksandra , Rypicz Łukasz , Panczyk Mariusz , Grzebieluch Wojciech , Młynarska Agnieszka , Uchmanowicz Izabella 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Nursing care rationing has been a widespread problem in everyday nursing practice for many years.

Purpose:
The aim of this research study was to assess the prevalence of care rationing among nurses working in Poland.

Methods:
The study was conducted among a population of 1310 nurses. To examine the dependencies between the sociodemographics and unfinished nursing care, the Polish adaptation of the Perceived Implicit Rationing of Nursing Care questionnaire and an investigator-developed questionnaire were used.

Results:
The mean level of missed care was 1.16 (SD = 0.7). The significant predictors of care rationing were associated with the quality of patient care (βstd = −.43, P < .001) and general work satisfaction (βstd = −.15, P < .001).

Conclusions:
Job satisfaction and the quality of nursing care should be constantly monitored as these factors are significantly associated with the levels of care rationing.
Stigma, Uncertainty, and Coping at the Time of COVID-19 Pandemic Amid Health Care Professionals
Authors: Ayoub Doaa R. , Gohar Sherif M. , Khalil Mohamed A. , Abdel-Hamid Hoda M. , Mostafa El-Makawi Shirin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Stigma and uncertainty are noticed in global pandemics. Their impacts on health care providers tend to persist notably during and after the outbreaks. Our objective was to assess stigma, uncertainty, and coping among health care providers through an online survey using the Discrimination and Stigma Scale Version 12 (DISC-12) modified version to assess stigma related to treating COVID-19, the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale, and the Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS). Of the respondents (n = 65), 63.1% treated patients with COVID-19, and 21.5% worked in isolation hospitals. Physicians who treated patients with COVID-19 had significantly higher scores in all DISC subscales: unfair treatment (8.73 ± 6.39, p = 0.001), stopping self from doing things (2.05 ± 1.41, p = 0.019), overcoming stigma (1.17 ± 0.80, p = 0.035), and positive treatment (1.90 ± 1.65, p = 0.005). Unfair treatment was negatively correlated with BRCS (r = −0.279, p = 0.024). On the other hand, physicians who did not treat patients with COVID-19 had significantly higher BRCS scores. We concluded that frontline physicians experienced greater stigma associated with lower resilient coping strategies.