bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of latitude and plant relative abundance on predispersal granivory
Authors: Boyer Brady W. , Morán‐López Teresa , Amico Guillermo , Arana César , Espíndola Walter D. , Caraballo‐Ortiz Marcos A. , Morales Juan M. , Carlo Tomás A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe examined predispersal granivory in common and rare bird‐dispersed plants in two tropical and two temperate communities. Our results show that the prevalence and intensity of predispersal granivory are higher in tropical communities and for smaller seeds. Results also show no effect of plant species’ relative abundance on granivory.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.
Proximity to forest mediates trade‐offs between yields and biodiversity of birds in oil palm smallholdings
Authors: Hamer Keith C. , Sasu Michael A. , Ofosuhene Linda , Asare Rebecca , Ossom Benjamin , Parr Catherine L. , Scriven Sarah A. , Asante Winston , Addico Rosemary , Hill Jane K. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThere is much debate about how best to mitigate the effects of agricultural expansion on biodiversity, especially in the tropics. Recent studies have emphasized that proximity to natural habitats can enhance farmland biodiversity, yet few studies have examined whether or not such proximity mediates local trade‐offs between yields and biodiversity, and hence alters conclusions about the ecological benefits of alternative farming strategies. Here we examine yield‐biodiversity trade‐offs, focusing on birds in oil palm smallholdings at different distances from remaining areas of forest, including a large forest reserve, in Ghana. We found significantly fewer birds on higher‐yielding than lower‐yielding farms, in terms of both species richness and abundance. For forest specialist birds (likely to be highly vulnerable to conversion of land to agriculture) we also found a greater trade‐off (i.e., lower richness and abundance for a given yield) at farms further from forest, to the extent that increasing distance to the nearest forest from 1 to 10 km had a similar effect as a 3‐ to 5‐fold increase in fruit yield brought about by increased intensification. Our study highlights the importance of accounting for the effects of natural forest in the landscape when considering agricultural policies for biodiversity protection, underlining the importance of a landscape‐scale approach to conservation.
Tracing colophonium in consumer products
Authors: Karlberg Ann‐Therese , Albadr Mhd‐Hussam , Nilsson Ulrika 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundColophonium (rosin) can cause allergic contact dermatitis, mainly due to autoxidation of abietic acid (AbA). Products containing ≥0.1% colophonium should be labeled with EUH208 — “Contains rosin; colophony. May produce an allergic reaction.” How should this be measured?ObjectiveTo compare the results from different strategies for estimating colophonium levels in consumer products: (a) from AbA, and (b) the sum of all major resin acids. To investigate the ratio of 7‐oxodehydroabietic acid (7‐O‐DeA)/AbA as indication of autoxidation.MethodsResin acids were extracted from consumer products, derivatized, and then separated by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS).ResultsResin acids were detected in 9 of 15 products. No product contained colophonium ≥0.1%. Estimation based on AbA resulted in underestimation of the colophonium levels in four of nine products. For three products, the obtained levels from this strategy were only one of two compared to when estimating from the sum of all resin acids. The ratio 7‐O‐DeA/AbA varied from 74% to 1.4%.ConclusionsWe propose to measure colophonium based on the sum of all detectable major resin acids, including 7‐O‐DeA. The ratio of 7‐O‐DeA/AbA should be used as a marker of autoxidation, indicating an increased risk of sensitization. The presented analytical method is simple to use and suitable for further screening studies.
Gastric peroral endoscopic myotomy (GPOEM) for severe gastroparesis after lung transplantation: A promising minimally invasive option
Authors: Vitton Véronique , Benoît D'Journo Xavier , Reynaud‐Gaubert Martine , Barthet Marc , Gonzalez Jean‐Michel 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundAfter lung transplantation (LT), gastroparesis is frequent, occurring in 25–63% of cases and leading to pulmonary infections. In refractory disease, classical management has demonstrated limited efficacy. Gastric peroral endoscopic myotomy (G‐POEM) is a recently developed safe and effective procedure that has been performed here on five patients with severe post‐LT gastroparesis.MethodsIn all patients, the diagnosis was confirmed by disturbed gastric emptying scintigraphy and GCSI calculation showing severe disease. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopies confirmed the absence of organic lesions. All patients were informed about the procedure and signed informed consent forms. The procedure consisted of performing an endoscopic pyloromyotomy under general anesthesia.ResultsThe patients were between 35 and 64 years of age. Four had chronic disease, starting approximately 1 year following LT, and one had acute, severe gastroparesis requiring intubation in the intensive care unit. All patients underwent G‐POEM after failure of medical treatment, without any complications. Three of the patients with chronic disease improved; they resumed a normal diet and gained weight. The patient with acute disease was discharged within a few days following the procedure and resumed oral intake.ConclusionG‐POEM is promising for managing post‐LT refractory gastroparesis and should be further evaluated.
Transplant kidney biopsy for proteinuria with stable creatinine: Findings and outcomes
Authors: Parajuli Sandesh , Swanson Kurtis J. , Alstott James , Aziz Fahad , Garg Neetika , Zhong Weixiong , Djamali Arjang , Mandelbrot Didier 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionLittle is known aboutbiopsy findings and outcomes when kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) undergo biopsy for isolated proteinuria with stable serum creatinine (SCr).MethodsWe analyzed all KTRs who underwent biopsy for isolated proteinuria with stable SCr between January 2016 and June 2020. Patients were divided into three groups based on the biopsy findings: Active Rejection (AR), Glomerulonephritis (GN), and Other.ResultsA total of 130 KTRs fulfilled our selection criteria; 38 (29%) in the AR group, 26 (20%) in the GN group, and 66 (51%) in the Other group. Most baseline characteristics were similar between the groups. In multivariate analysis, higher HLA mismatch (HR per mismatch: 1.30; 95% CI:1.06–1.59; P = .01) and male gender (HR: .45; 95% CI .23–.89; P = .02) were associated with AR. There was no significant correlation between the degree of proteinuria and rejection (r = .05, P = .58) or GN (r = .07, P = .53). Graft survival was also similar between the groups. Likely due to the early diagnosis without a significant rise in SCr, outcomes were similar among all three groups.ConclusionRoutine monitoring for proteinuria followed by a biopsy and appropriate management may help to identify early acute graft injury and prevent graft failure.
Phenotype of heterozygous variants of dehydrodolichol diphosphate synthase
Authors: Jiao Xianru , Xue Yinan , Yang Sai , Gong Pan , Niu Yue , Wang Qi , Yang Hui , Xiong Hui , Zhang Yuehua , Yang Zhixian 
Published: July 2021

AimTo further identify and broaden the phenotypic characteristics and genotype spectrum of the dehydrodolichol diphosphate synthase (DHDDS) gene.MethodPathogenic variants of DHDDS were identified by whole‐exome sequencing; clinical data of 10 patients (six males, four females; age range 2–14y; mean age 5y 9mo, SD 3y 3mo) were collected and analysed.ResultsAll patients had seizures, and myoclonic seizures could be seen in eight patients, with myoclonic status epilepticus in three. The interictal electroencephalogram (EEG) in four patients at seizure onset showed generalized slow waves, slow wave mixed spikes, and spike and waves. Tremor, ataxia, and hypertonia was observed in six, five, and three patients respectively. The results of short‐latency somatosensory evoked potential in two patients were normal, and the symptom of tremor was captured on EEG without time‐locked discharges in one patient, suggesting that the tremor in both patients was a motor impairment rather than myoclonic seizures. Global developmental delay occurred in all patients, among whom nine showed severe intellectual disability and one moderate. Five DHDDS variants were identified, three of which have not been reported previously.InterpretationMyoclonic seizure is the most common seizure type in heterozygous DHDDS variants, while myoclonic status epilepticus can also occur. The pattern of interictal EEG discharges is characterized by slow waves rather than spike and waves, and generalized discharges was prominent.
Right ventricle dysfunction assessment for transcatheter tricuspid valve repair: A matter of debate
Authors: Preda Alberto , Melillo Francesco , Liberale Luca , Montecucco Fabrizio , Agricola Eustachio 
Published: July 2021

AbstractNewer approaches in transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement (TTVR) have recently showed optimistic data of efficacy and safety in patients at high risk for surgery. However, the absence of residual regurgitation (and subsequently higher likelihood for developing afterload mismatch) with TTVR compared with transcatheter tricuspid valve intervention may become a critical concern if RV dysfunction is misdiagnosed. Indeed, such sudden increase in afterload on the right ventricle (RV) may not be tolerable, resulting in higher risk of acute right heart failure in the early postoperative period. In this context, strain imaging may find a further application to provide a more comprehensive stratification of the severity of RV dysfunction and thus help to better define the eligibility criteria and timing for TTVR. Meanwhile, it is of paramount importance to underline the contribution given by the Trivalve study on the understanding of the role of RV function in TTVI, that so far was largely undefined, being evaluated only in small noncontrolled cohorts.
Comparison between periapical radiography and cone beam computed tomography for the diagnosis of anterior maxillary trauma in children and adolescents
Authors: Sha Xiaoyan , Jin Ling , Han Jianhui , Li Ying , Zhang Lili , Qi Senrong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackground/AimsUnder‐estimating the damage caused by trauma to the dental structures may delay treatment. Timely and accurate diagnosis remains challenging in clinical practice. Radiography is an important modality for the diagnosis of traumatic injuries. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of periapical radiography and cone beam computed tomography for the diagnosis of trauma to the anterior maxillary dentoalveolar region in children and adolescents.Material and methodsImages of patients who underwent both periapical radiography and cone beam computed tomography simultaneously because of trauma to the anterior maxillary region between January 2016 and January 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Pairwise comparison between the receiver operating characteristic curves was performed to statistically compare the two methods for the diagnosis of crown fractures, root fractures, alveolar bone fractures and luxations, tooth resorption, and periapical radiolucencies.ResultsA total of 190 patients met the inclusion criteria. There were 120 (63.2%) males and 70 (36.8%) females, with a mean age of 11.1 years (range: 6–17 years). A crown fracture was observed in 144 teeth, while a root fracture was observed in 71 teeth. Alveolar fracture and luxation were observed in 44 incisors. During follow‐up, tooth resorption and periapical radiolucencies were observed in 25 and 33 teeth, respectively. Pairwise receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that cone beam computed tomography was significantly superior to periapical radiography for the diagnosis of root fractures, alveolar fractures and luxations, and tooth resorption (p < .05). However, no significant differences were found for the diagnosis of crown fractures and periapical radiolucencies (p > .05).ConclusionsCone beam computed tomography in the low‐dose mode was better for diagnosing root and bone fractures and resorption, but no different to periapical radiographs for crown fractures and periapical radiolucencies in pediatric patients.
Species associations in arthropod ectoparasite infracommunities are spatially and temporally variable and affected by environmental factors
Authors: Krasnov Boris R. , Vinarski Maxim V. , Korallo‐Vinarskaya Natalia P. , Shenbrot Georgy I. , Khokhlova Irina S. 
Published: July 2021

1. We applied a Markov random fields/conditional random fields (MRF/CRF) modelling to understand whether and how species associations in ectoparasite infracommunities of small mammals vary along environmental gradients across space and time.2. We analysed the variation in species associations in flea and mite infracommunities of seven host species across localities (spatial scale) and time periods (in the same locality; temporal scale).3. The performance of the CRF models differed between ectoparasite taxa, scales, and host species. The model performance for flea and mite infracommunities in the majority of host species was satisfying although the proportions of correctly predicted positive occurrences and model sensitivity were moderate.4. The probability of occurrence of many flea and mite species depended mostly on the occurrence of another flea and mite species (respectively), with many negative interspecific interactions, although occurrences of some species were mainly affected by environmental factors. The patterns of pairwise associations between some ectoparasite species were affected by environmental factors.5. Although many ectoparasite pairs demonstrated stability in the strength or sign of association across space or time, interactions between other species pairs were spatially or temporally variable, with the association between the same pair of species being stable in one host species and variable in another host species.6. We conclude that ectoparasite associations are mediated by the off‐host environment and may depend on the life histories of both host and ectoparasite species.
Do stigma and level of social anxiety predict adolescents' help‐seeking intentions for social anxiety disorder?
Authors: McDonagh Cal , Lynch Hannah , Hennessy Eilis 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundMany adolescents meeting diagnostic criteria for social anxiety disorder (SAD) do not seek help or access timely professional supports. The current study investigated two hypothesized barriers to adolescents' seeking help for SAD: stigma and SAD symptoms.MethodThree hundred fifteen adolescents (52% female; mean age = 14.85 years) read a vignette describing a hypothetical peer with symptoms of SAD and completed measures of their own help‐seeking intentions, SAD symptoms, stigma awareness and agreement.ResultsThe majority of adolescents reported that the vignette character needed help. Adolescents with more SAD symptoms, and those with greater stigma awareness, were less likely to indicate they would seek help from an adult they know (e.g., parent or teacher) for similar symptoms.ConclusionsBoth SAD symptoms and perceptions of societal stigma may act as barriers to help‐seeking for young people indicating the importance of intervention with young people, and the adults with whom they interact regularly.
Post‐SARS‐CoV‐2‐vaccination cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: an analysis of cases notified to the European Medicines Agency
Authors: Krzywicka Katarzyna , Heldner Mirjam R. , Sánchez van Kammen Mayte , van Haaps Thijs , Hiltunen Sini , Silvis Suzanne M. , Levi Marcel , Kremer Hovinga Johanna A. , Jood Katarina , Lindgren Erik , Tatlisumak Turgut , Putaala Jukka , Aguiar de Sousa Diana , Middeldorp Saskia , Arnold Marcel , Coutinho Jonathan M. , Ferro José M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeCerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) has been described after vaccination against SARS‐CoV‐2. The clinical characteristics of 213 post‐vaccination CVST cases notified to the European Medicines Agency are reported.MethodsData on adverse drug reactions after SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination notified until 8 April 2021 under the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities Term ‘Central nervous system vascular disorders’ were obtained from the EudraVigilance database. Post‐vaccination CVST was compared with 100 European patients with CVST from before the COVID‐19 pandemic derived from the International CVST Consortium.ResultsIn all, 213 CVST cases were identified: 187 after AstraZeneca/Oxford (ChAdOx1 nCov‐19) vaccination and 26 after a messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccination (25 with Pfizer/BioNTech, BNT162b2, and one with Moderna, mRNA‐1273). Thrombocytopenia was reported in 107/187 CVST cases (57%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 50%–64%) in the ChAdOx1 nCov‐19 group, in none in the mRNA vaccine group (0%, 95% CI 0%–13%) and in 7/100 (7%, 95% CI 3%–14%) in the pre‐COVID‐19 group. In the ChAdOx1 nCov‐19 group, 39 (21%) reported COVID‐19 polymerase chain reaction tests were performed within 30 days of CVST symptom onset, and all were negative. Of the 117 patients with a reported outcome in the ChAdOx1 nCov‐19 group, 44 (38%, 95% CI 29%–47%) had died, compared to 2/10 (20%, 95% CI 6%–51%) in the mRNA vaccine group and 3/100 (3%, 95% CI 1%–8%) in the pre‐COVID‐19 group. Mortality amongst patients with thrombocytopenia in the ChAdOx1 nCov‐19 group was 49% (95% CI 39%–60%).ConclusionsCerebral venous sinus thrombosis occurring after ChAdOx1 nCov‐19 vaccination has a clinical profile distinct from CVST unrelated to vaccination. Only CVST after ChAdOx1 nCov‐19 vaccination was associated with thrombocytopenia.
Self‐esteem mediates mental health outcomes in young people with epilepsy
Authors: Cahill Peter T. , Ferro Mark A. , Campbell Wenonah N. , Ronen Gabriel M. 
Published: July 2021

SummaryObjectiveTo evaluate the extent to which self‐esteem mediates the impacts of epilepsy‐specific and environmental factors on mental health outcomes in young people with epilepsy.MethodsA prospective cohort of 480 young people with epilepsy and their families participated in five visits over 28 months. We collected data on clinical seizure burden, cognitive comorbidity, peer and parental support, self‐esteem, and self‐reported mental health symptoms. We used structural equation modeling to specify and test relationships among these constructs simultaneously. Direct, indirect, and total effects were estimated with confidence intervals constructed through bias‐corrected bootstrapping.ResultsSelf‐esteem mediated the effects of clinical seizure burden ( = 0.23, 95% confidence interval [0.05, 0.42]) and peer support ( = −0.15, 95% CI [−0.28, −0.03]) on mental health. There were no mediating effects of parental support ( = −0.07, 95% CI [−0.14, 0.00]) or cognitive comorbidity ( = −0.01, 95% CI [−0.02, 0.01]) on mental health.SignificanceWe found evidence that self‐esteem mediates the impact that both clinical seizure burden and peer support have on mental health outcomes, indicating that assessment of and interventions targeting self‐esteem may be appropriate for young people with epilepsy. Supporting self‐esteem could mitigate negative influences on mental health, whether from resistant epilepsy or low peer support.
Soft computing for abuse detection using cyber‐physical and social big data in cognitive smart cities
Authors: Sangwan Saurabh Raj , Bhatia Mohinder Pal Singh 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe internet of things (IoT) and the smart city crusade has seen an exponential increase in the number of data points we collect. Cities can use this data for an exceedingly heterogeneous range of purposes such as traffic, parking and public safety. Quite evidently, public safety is an essential pillar of these interconnected, instrumented and intelligent cities. The big data from cyber‐physical systems and social media platforms can be used for predictive policing to identify potential criminal activities, abuse, offenders, and victims of abuse. This study offers a systematic literature review on the use of soft computing techniques for abuse detection in the complex cyber–physical–social big data systems in cognitive smart cities. The objective is to define and identify the diverse concept of abuse and systematize techniques for automatic abuse detection for cyber abuse detection on social media and real‐time abuse detection using IoT. The cyber abuse studies on social media platforms have further been categorized as cyber‐hate and cyberbullying whereas the real‐time abuse includes studies using Internet of cyber‐physical systems. As in a cognitive smart city, citizens expect more from their urban environments with minimal intervention, this study helps to establish the need to capture situational context and awareness in real‐time and foster the need to develop a proactive as well as reactive safety mechanism to mitigate the risks of online abuse. The need of the hour is to entrench self‐learning, thinking and understanding capabilities into the physical and social world for reinforcing intelligent mechanisms which can detect assaults and disorderly conduct.
Translation and preliminary validation of a French version of an ageism scale for dental students
Authors: Piaton Sophie , Barlow Patrick , Kossioni Anastassia , Tubert‐Jeannin Stephanie , Marchini Leonardo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackground and AimThe World Health Organization considers ageism an important barrier to age‐appropriate care for older adults. A new ageism scale for dental students (ASDS) has been validated in the United States, Brazil, Greece and Romania. The aim of this study was to validate a French version (ASDS‐Fr).Method and materialsThe 27‐item ageism scale was translated from English into French, and its content validity was investigated using the content validity index. The translated version was completed by 180 dental students in the Dental School of Clermont‐Ferrand in France. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed and internal consistency reliability was calculated.ResultsThe final PCA model resulted in 10 items and three components that together accounted for 57.2% of the overall variance. The first component contained four items that point to a negative view of older adults; the second contained three items that appeared to reflect an absolving of responsibility for providing care to older adults; and the third contained three items that deal with gerodontology education.ConclusionsThis preliminary validation of the ASDS‐Fr produced a new 10‐item scale with three components with acceptable validity and reliability.
Identity tensions of women with two leadership positions in India
Authors: Banerjee Dina , Memon Nazia Zabin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIdentity narratives enhance the understanding of women’s leadership, but there exist very few in‐depth analyses of negative identity tensions that influence agency. In this study, we examine the negative identity tensions of well‐to‐do women from small towns in India, who hold two leadership positions: organizational and social movement. We borrow from the discourse on well‐to‐do women’s participation in social movements in India to draw on the notions of identity, perceptions of feminism, and patriarchal challenge. Our data are derived from 49 in‐depth interviews with women leaders. Findings from qualitative analysis and creation of a composite narrative show that negative identity tensions arising from two leadership positions are gendered in nature. Furthermore, agency is (i) contingent on one’s reflection on challenges, (ii) rooted in an underlying principle, and (iii) practiced through the mechanisms of “managing femininity,” a concept that is widely discussed in the Western paradigms of postfeminism and neoliberalism. This paper contributes to the feminist dialog on the global South in the context of gender, class, and geographical location intersection by revealing certain non‐Western ways of managing femininity. However, in the process, the hegemony of Indian men remains intact.