bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insulin resistance is related to cognitive decline but not change in CSF biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease in non‐demented adults
Authors: Ennis Gilda E. , Koscik Rebecca L. , Ma Yue , Jonaitis Erin M. , Van Hulle Carol A. , Betthauser Tobey J. , Randall Allison M. , Chin Nathaniel , Engelman Corinne D. , Anderson Rozalyn , Suridjan Ivonne , Kollmorgen Gwendlyn , Christian Bradley T. , Carlsson Cynthia M. , Asthana Sanjay , Johnson Sterling C. , Zetterberg Henrik , Blennow Kaj , Bendlin Barbara B. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionWe investigated whether insulin resistance (IR) was associated with longitudinal age‐related change in cognition and biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and neurodegeneration in middle‐aged and older adults who were non‐demented at baseline.MethodsIR was measured with homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA2‐IR). Core AD‐related cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers and cognition were assessed, respectively, on n = 212 (1 to 5 visits) and n = 1299 (1 to 6 visits). Linear mixed models tested whether HOMA2‐IR moderated age‐related change in CSF biomarkers and cognition. Linear regressions tested whether HOMA2‐IR x apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE ε4) carrier status predicted amyloid beta [Aβ] chronicity (estimated duration of amyloid positron emission tomography [PET] positivity) (n = 253).ResultsHigher HOMA2‐IR was associated with greater cognitive decline but not with changes in CSF biomarkers. HOMA2‐IR x APOE4 was not related to Aβ chronicity but was significantly associated with CSF phosphorylated tau (P‐tau)181/Aβ42 level.DiscussionIn non‐demented adults IR may not be directly associated with age‐related change in AD biomarkers. Additional research is needed to determine mechanisms linking IR to cognitive decline.
Knowledge assessment and psychological impact of genetic counseling in people at risk for familial FTD
Authors: Wong Bonnie , Lucente Diane , Krivensky Samantha , Krahn Erin , Karlawish Jason , Dickerson Bradford C. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe decision to undergo genetic testing for familial frontotemporal dementia (fFTD) is challenging and complex. When counseling individuals, clinicians need to know what individuals understand about the type of fFTD for which they may be at elevated risk. Unfortunately, no tools to measure understanding of fFTD exist, and no study has investigated knowledge gain from fFTD genetic counseling.MethodsBefore and after genetic counseling, 42 asymptomatic individuals from fFTD families completed the newly developed fFTD Knowledge Assessment and Psychological Impact Questionnaire (fFTD KAPI‐Q), along with affect and mood questionnaires.ResultsGenetic counseling resulted in substantial knowledge gain on the fFTD KAPI‐Q (average gain = 40%); those with lower pre‐counseling scores gained the most. Negative affect diminished by 11%. Individuals who gained the greatest knowledge demonstrated the greatest reduction in negative affect.ConclusionsGenetic counseling was effective regardless of level of baseline knowledge and has an immediate ameliorative impact on negative affect.
Revisiting the human dental follicle: From tooth development to its association with unerupted or impacted teeth and pathological changes
Authors: Bastos Victor Coutinho , Gomez Ricardo Santiago , Gomes Carolina Cavaliéri 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDental follicles are involved in odontogenesis, periodontogenesis, and tooth eruption. Dental follicles are unique structures, considering that their remnants can persist within the jawbones after odontogenesis throughout life if the tooth does not erupt. Pathological changes may occur in these tissues as individuals age. The changes range from benign to life threatening. Thus, the assessment of age‐related changes in dental follicles associated with unerupted teeth is of paramount importance. In this review, we summarize the physiological roles and changes in dental follicles in odontogenesis, tooth eruption, and aging, in addition to the pathological changes associated with these structures. We encourage investigators to consider this peculiar tissue as a unique model and explore its potential to clarify its importance from the viewpoints of developmental biology, tissue physiology, and pathology.
Registered report: A pilot investigation of acute exercise response among girls and young women with and without eating disorders
Authors: Schaumberg Katherine , Peters Danielle , Ahrenholtz Rachel , Crombie Kevin M. , Zhang Ruisu , Gorrell Sasha 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveDriven exercise (DEx) is a serious and common feature of eating disorders (EDs), but current understanding of factors that give rise to and maintain DEx is limited. DEx may be reinforced through its effects on the threat reduction and reward systems. The current protocol is designed to evaluate acute psychobiological response to exercise among female participants (age 16‐22) with and without EDs.MethodTwenty medically‐stable participants with restrictive‐spectrum EDs and 20 healthy control (HC) participants will complete study screening and three task visits which will include two 30‐minute bouts of aerobic exercise.ResultsWe aim to validate and demonstrate feasibility of two tasks capturing exercise response in this sample. Further, we will estimate the degree to which a bout of exercise impacts state body image, affect, and circulating concentrations of biological markers among participants, and we will examine whether the impact of exercise on psychological outcomes may differ across ED and HC groups.DiscussionCompletion of this project will contribute to the conceptualization of DEx and how individuals' acute biological and affective responses to exercise contribute to risk for and maintenance of DEx.
Assessing age, breeding stage, and mating activity as drivers of variation in the reproductive microbiome of female tree swallows
Authors: Hernandez Jessica , Hucul Catherine , Reasor Emily , Smith Taryn , McGlothlin Joel W. , Haak David C. , Belden Lisa K. , Moore Ignacio T. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSexually transmitted microbes are hypothesized to influence the evolution of reproductive strategies. Though frequently discussed in this context, our understanding of the reproductive microbiome is quite nascent. Indeed, testing this hypothesis first requires establishing a baseline understanding of the temporal dynamics of the reproductive microbiome and of how individual variation in reproductive behavior and age influence the assembly and maintenance of the reproductive microbiome as a whole. Here, we ask how mating activity, breeding stage, and age influence the reproductive microbiome. We use observational and experimental approaches to explain variation in the cloacal microbiome of free‐living, female tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor). Using microsatellite‐based parentage analyses, we determined the number of sires per brood (a proxy for female mating activity). We experimentally increased female sexual activity by administering exogenous 17ß‐estradiol. Lastly, we used bacterial 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to characterize the cloacal microbiome. Neither the number of sires per brood nor the increased sexual activity of females significantly influenced female cloacal microbiome richness or community structure. Female age, however, was positively correlated with cloacal microbiome richness and influenced overall community structure. A hypothesis to explain these patterns is that the effect of sexual activity and the number of mates on variation in the cloacal microbiome manifests over an individual's lifetime. Additionally, we found that cloacal microbiome alpha diversity (Shannon Index, Faith's phylogenetic distance) decreased and community structure shifted between breeding stages. This is one of few studies to document within‐individual changes and age‐related differences in the cloacal microbiome across successive breeding stages. More broadly, our results contribute to our understanding of the role that host life history and behavior play in shaping the cloacal microbiomes of wild birds.
Serum circulating miRNA‐342‐3p as a potential diagnostic biomarker in parathyroid carcinomas: A pilot study
Authors: Krupinova Julia , Mokrysheva Natalya , Petrov Vasiliy , Pigarova Ekaterina , Eremkina Anna , Dobreva Ekaterina , Ajnetdinova Alina , Melnichenko Galina , Tiulpakov Anatoly 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the serum miRNA expression profiles between patients with benign and malignant parathyroid tumours.BackgroundDespite recent advances in molecular biology, a histological tissue biopsy is still the method of choice used to diagnose most cancers. The preoperative cytology is not an applicable method for diagnosis of parathyroid cancer (PC); therefore, huge interest exists in terms of finding alternative methodologies to seek specific cancer biomarkers.DesignA retrospective cross‐sectional study.Patients and MethodsSerum samples of patients with PC (n = 13) and parathyroid adenoma (PA) (n = 11), age (p = .999) and sex (p = .999) were matched and examined via the simultaneous comparative expression analysis of 754 microRNAs (miRNAs). The «TaqMan OpenArray Human MicroRNA Panel» (Applied Biosystems) was used to conduct real‐time PCRs using the «QuantStudio 12К Flex» station (Life Technologies).ResultsAccording to the results of a pilot study, significant changes in expression levels between the PC group and the PA group (control) (p < .05) were observed for 17 miRNAs. Among them, the downregulation of miRNA‐342‐3p met the Benjamini‐Hochberg adjustment criteria for multiple comparisons (p = .02).ConclusionsSerum miRNA‐342‐3p could be a promising biomarker for PC to improve diagnosis and prognosis.
Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibition induces rewiring of proximal and distal B‐cell receptor signaling in mice
Authors: Rip Jasper , de Bruijn Marjolein J. W. , Neys Stefan F. H. , Singh Simar Pal , Willar Jonas , van Hulst Jennifer A. C. , Hendriks Rudi W. , Corneth Odilia B. J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBruton′s tyrosine kinase (Btk) is a crucial signaling molecule in BCR signaling and a key regulator of B‐ cell differentiation and function. Btk inhibition has shown impressive clinical efficacy in various B‐cell malignancies. However, it remains unknown whether inhibition additionally induces changes in BCR signaling due to feedback mechanisms, a phenomenon referred to as BCR rewiring. In this report, we studied the impact of Btk activity on major components of the BCR signaling pathway in mice. As expected, NF‐κB and Akt/S6 signaling was decreased in Btk‐deficient B cells. Unexpectedly, phosphorylation of several proximal signaling molecules, including CD79a, Syk, and PI3K, as well as the key Btk‐effector PLCγ2 and the more downstream kinase Erk, were significantly increased. This pattern of BCR rewiring was essentially opposite in B cells from transgenic mice overexpressing Btk. Importantly, prolonged Btk inhibitor treatment of WT mice or mice engrafted with leukemic B cells also resulted in increased phosho‐CD79a and phospho‐PLCγ2 in B cells. Our findings show that Btk enzymatic function determines phosphorylation of proximal and distal BCR signaling molecules in B cells. We conclude that Btk inhibitor treatment results in rewiring of BCR signaling, which may affect both malignant and healthy B cells.
Poly(carboxyethyl acrylate‐co‐ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) precursor monolith with bonded octadecyl ligands for use in reversed‐phase capillary electrochromatography
Authors: Neequaye Theophilus , El Rassi Ziad 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA carboxy precursor monolithic column, namely poly(carboxy ethyl acrylate‐co‐ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) was first produced in a 100 μm i.d. fused‐silica capillary and subsequently surface bonded with n‐octadecyl (C18) ligands by a post‐polymerization functionalization process with octadecylamine in the presence of N,N´‐dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. The bonding of octadecyl ligands was achieved via an amide linkage between the carboxy functions of the precursor monolith and the amino group of the octadecylamine compound. The resulting C18 monolith exhibited a very low electroosmotic flow (EOF), a fact that required the incorporation of small amounts of 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) in the polymerization solution to produce a precursor monolith with fixed negative charges of sulfonate groups. This may indicate that the conjugation of the carboxy functions with octadecylamine occurred to a large extent so that the amount of residual carboxy functions was sparsely dispersed and not enough to produce a desirable EOF. The EOF velocity of the C18 column having fixed negative charges provided by the incorporated AMPS increased with increasing ACN content of the mobile phase signaling an increased binding of mobile phase ions to the polar amide linkages near the monolithic surface, and a decreased viscosity of the mobile phase, both of which would result in increased EOF velocity. The C18 monolithic column constituted a novel nonpolar sorbent for reversed‐phase capillary electrochromatography for nonpolar solutes, e.g., alkylbenzenes, alkylphenyl ketones, and polyaromatic hydrocarbons, and slightly polar compounds including phenol and chlorophenols. The C18 monolithic column exhibited relatively high selectivity toward chlorophenols differing by one chloro substituent.
Executive functions in binge spectrum eating disorders with comorbid compulsive buying
Authors: Munguía Lucero , Lucas Ignacio , Jiménez‐Murcia Susana , Mora‐Maltas Bernat , Granero Roser , Miranda‐Olivos Romina , Sánchez Isabel , Testa Giulia , Lozano‐Madrid María , Turton Robert , Menchon Jose M. , Fernández‐Aranda Fernando 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe aims were to explore if bulimic spectrum disorders (BSD) patients, who also present comorbid compulsive buying (CB), could represent a specific subtype considering its neuropsychological performance; to present a descriptive analysis of different clinical features; and to explore how these variables could influence treatment outcome. It was hypothesised that the comorbid group will present worse neuropsychological performance that will lead to a worse treatment outcome.MethodThe study has a longitudinal design. Women (N = 75) diagnosed with BSD, BSD + CB and Healthy Controls (HC); completed an evaluation of: cognitive flexibility, decision making, eating disorder (ED) symptomatology, psychopathological state and personality traits.ResultsBSD + CB was the group with the most severe clinical profile, worst treatment outcome and higher neuropsychological impairment, than other groups. Path‐analysis evidenced that deficits in decision making were associated with bad treatment outcome, while deficits in flexibility with the presence of the comorbidity. Self‐directedness and novelty seeking were associated with the neuropsychological performance and the comorbidity.ConclusionBSD + CB exhibit a worse clinical and neuropsychological profile that seems to be related with the treatment outcome, which should be taken into account for the establishment of specific treatment approaches.
Contamination and Toxicity of Surface Waters Along Rural and Urban Regions of the Capibaribe River in Tropical Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Alves Romulo Nepomuceno , Mariz Célio Freire , de Melo Alves Maria Karolaine , Cavalcanti Maria Gabriella Neri , de Melo Thalita Joana Bezerra , de Arruda-Santos Roxanny Helen , Zanardi-Lamardo Eliete , Carvalho Paulo S. M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The Capibaribe River provides water to a population of 1.7 million people in the Brazilian northeast, while receiving agricultural runoff and industrial and domestic effluents along its 280 km. The present study evaluated the ecotoxicity of surface waters along ten sites in rural and urban areas using zebrafish (Danio rerio) early-life stages and related it to water quality indices and chemical abiotic variables. Lethality rates, delays in embryo-larval development quantified by the general morphology score (GMS), and frequencies of developmental abnormalities were analyzed. A correlation was detected between zebrafish GMS and water quality index (WQI), sensitivity to domestic sewage contamination, and trophic state index, focused on eutrophication. These indices agreed in identifying a spatial pattern of smaller impact in terms of ecotoxicity, domestic sewage contamination, and eutrophication risk at three sites in rural areas (mean GMS 16.9), an intermediate impact at four sites with urban and agricultural influence (mean GMS 16.4), and greatest impacts at three more urbanized sites (mean GMS 14.9). Most frequent developmental abnormalities included noninflation of the swim bladder, delayed hatching, nonprotrusion of the mouth, blood stasis, and nondevelopment of pectoral fins. Toxic NH3 concentrations varied spatially, with higher concentrations in urban sites; and blood stasis correlated positively with NH3, suggesting a causal relationship. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were detected in both rural and urbanized sites, contributing to detected toxicity. The present study demonstrates the potential of zebrafish early-life stages as an ecotoxicological model that may contribute to a better understanding of surface water quality and ecotoxicity in tropical river systems. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:3063–3077. © 2021 SETAC
Environmental Sources, Chemistry, Fate, and Transport of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: State of the Science, Key Knowledge Gaps, and Recommendations Presented at the August 2019 SETAC Focus Topic Meeting
Authors: Guelfo Jennifer L. , Korzeniowski Stephen , Mills Marc A. , Anderson Janet , Anderson Richard H. , Arblaster Jennifer A. , Conder Jason M. , Cousins Ian T. , Dasu Kavitha , Henry Barbara J. , Lee Linda S. , Liu Jinxia , McKenzie Erica R. , Willey Janice 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) Focused Topic Meeting (FTM) on the environmental management of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) convened during August 2019 in Durham, North Carolina (USA). Experts from around the globe were brought together to critically evaluate new and emerging information on PFAS including chemistry, fate, transport, exposure, and toxicity. After plenary presentations, breakout groups were established and tasked to identify and adjudicate via panel discussions overarching conclusions and relevant data gaps. The present review is one in a series and summarizes outcomes of presentations and breakout discussions related to (1) primary sources and pathways in the environment, (2) sorption and transport in porous media, (3) precursor transformation, (4) practical approaches to the assessment of source zones, (5) standard and novel analytical methods with implications for environmental forensics and site management, and (6) classification and grouping from multiple perspectives. Outcomes illustrate that PFAS classification will continue to be a challenge, and additional pressing needs include increased availability of analytical standards and methods for assessment of PFAS and fate and transport, including precursor transformation. Although the state of the science is sufficient to support a degree of site-specific and flexible risk management, effective source prioritization tools, predictive fate and transport models, and improved and standardized analytical methods are needed to guide broader policies and best management practices. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:3234–3260. © 2021 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Statistics on the bioactive anthocyanin/proanthocyanin products in China online sales
Authors: Zhang PeiAo , Li Yi , Wang Tianyi , Cai Zixuan , Cao Haiyan , Zhang Huiying , Cao Yubin , Chen Bo , Yang Dong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDue to their potential beneficial effects, anthocyanins and proanthocyanins have attracted great concern worldwide. Recently, anthocyanin/proanthocyanin‐related health products have occupied a certain proportion of the market. However, there has not been a systematical assessment on collecting and analyzing the relevant information. In this study, information of anthocyanin/proanthocyanin‐related health products on sale on the four major online shopping platforms in China has been collected from November 2020 to February 2021. A total of 144 valid samples from 91 brands were collected, among which blueberries and grape seeds are the main sources of anthocyanins and proanthocyanins, respectively. Besides, the average anthocyanins/proanthocyanins content in these products is 22.71%. Improving eyesight, anti‐asthenopia and anti‐oxidation are widely mentioned among the anthocyanin‐related products, while more proanthocyanin‐related products declare for anti‐oxidation, whitening & spot lighting, and delay of skin aging & repairing skin damage effects. Among the products, 77.78% are capsules and tablets, and the average unit price of anthocyanins/proanthocyanins is $ 5.26/g. Data analysis shows that searching for high‐quality raw materials, researching on the varieties and content of anthocyanins/proanthocyanins, focusing on the intake of specific population, and exploring better storage forms of anthocyanins/proanthocyanins may be important field in the future to promote the development of the anthocyanin/proanthocyanin‐related health products.
Association between perceived birth trauma and postpartum depression: A prospective cohort study in China
Authors: Chen Yanfang , Ismail Faeeha , Xiong Ziyu , Li Meng , Chen Innie , Wen Shi Wu , Xie Ri‐hua 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the association between women's perceived birth trauma and risk of postpartum depression (PPD).MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study in China between December 2018 and November 2019. Women aged 18–45 years who had a singleton live birth at a university teaching hospital were enrolled after written consent was obtained. PPD was defined as a score of 13 or more on the Chinese version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. We used multiple log‐binomial regression analysis to estimate the independent association between perceived birth trauma and PPD.ResultsA total of 650 eligible women were included in the final analysis. Of them, 245 (37.69%) had self‐reported perceived birth trauma and 188 (28.92%) developed PPD. The PPD rate was 42.04% in women with perceived birth trauma, compared with 20.99% in women without perceived birth trauma (crude relative risk [RR] 2.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.48–3.72). The increased risk of PPD for women with perceived birth trauma remained after adjustment for sociodemographic and obstetric factors (adjusted RR 2.13, 95% CI 1.69–3.28).ConclusionPerceived birth trauma may be an important risk factor for PPD in Chinese women. Supportive care for women who perceived childbirth as a trauma may help to reduce the risk of PPD.