bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
13 Electrochemistry in Laboratory Flow Systems
Authors: Folgueiras-Amador A. A. , Hodgson J. W. , Brown R. C. D. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOrganic electrosynthesis in flow reactors is an area of increasing interest, with efficient mass transport and high electrode area to reactor volume present in many flow electrolysis cell designs facilitating higher rates of production with high selectivity. The controlled reaction environment available in flow cells also offers opportunities to develop new electrochemical processes. In this chapter, various types of electrochemical flow cells are reviewed in the context of laboratory synthesis, paying particular attention to how the different reactor environments impact upon the electrochemical processes, and the factors responsible for good cell performance. Coverage includes well-established plane-parallel-plate designs, reactors with small interelectrode gaps, extended-channel electrolysis cells, and highly sophisticated designs with rapidly rotating electrodes to enhance mass transport. In each case, illustrative electrosyntheses are presented.
PandaX-4T cryogenic distillation system for removing krypton from xenon
Authors: Yan Rui , Wang Zhou , Cui Xiangyi , Ju Yonglin , Sha Haidong , Li Shuaijie , Huang Peiyao , Wang Xiuli , Ma Wenbo , Fan Yingjie , Zhao Li , Liu Jianglai , Ji Xiangdong , Zhou Jifang , Shang Changsong , Liu Liqiang 
Published: December 2021

An efficient cryogenic distillation system was designed and constructed for the PandaX-4T dark matter detector based on the McCabe–Thiele method and the conservation of mass and energy. This distillation system is designed to reduce the concentration of krypton in commercial xenon from 5 × 10−7 to ∼10−14 mol/mol with 99% xenon collection efficiency at a maximum flow rate of 10 kg/h. The offline distillation operation has been completed and 5.75 tons of ultra-high purity xenon was produced, which is used as the detection medium in the PandaX-4T detector. The krypton concentration of the product xenon is measured with an upper limit of 8.0 ppt. The construction, operation, and stable purification performance of the cryogenic distillation system are studied with the experimental data, which is important for theoretical research and distillation operation optimization.
Ground state chemical potential of parahydrogen clusters of size N = 21–40
Authors: Schmidt Matthew , Roy Pierre-Nicholas 
Published: December 2021

We report the ground state chemical potential of parahydrogen clusters between N = 21–40 calculated using the Langevin equation Path Integral Ground State method. There has been much debate in the past whether the chemical potential size evolution in this region is jagged (indicating magic number cluster sizes) or if it is smooth (indicating some quantum melting below 1 K). We compare to previous diffusion Monte Carlo and Path Integral Ground State (PIGS) results, including very recent Variational Path Integral Molecular Dynamics (VPIMD) calculations [S. Miura, J. Chem. Phys. 148, 102333 (2018)]. We find that the ground state chemical potential is not a smooth curve and that magic number clusters are present, consistent with VPIMD and PIGS Monte Carlo results.
Discovery of small molecule guanylyl cyclase A receptor positive allosteric modulators
Authors: Sangaralingham S. Jeson , Whig Kanupriya , Peddibhotla Satyamaheshwar , Kirby R. Jason , Sessions Hampton E. , Maloney Patrick R. , Hershberger Paul M. , Mose-Yates Heather , Hood Becky L. , Vasile Stefan , Pan Shuchong , Zheng Ye , Malany Siobhan , Burnett John C. 
Published: December 2021

Significance
The particulate guanylyl cyclase A receptor (GC-A), via its endogenous cardiac-derived hormones atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and b-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), plays a pivotal role in maintaining intravascular volume, arterial pressure, cardiovascular structure, function, and, more recently, metabolic homeostasis. As such, therapies to potentiate GC-A signaling via peptide augmentation have yielded promising results in clinical trials. A major breakthrough in GC-A therapeutics would be a small molecule that sensitizes the GC-A receptor to endogenous ANP or BNP, which to date does not exist. Here, we report the development of an orally bioavailable, small molecule positive allosteric modulator of GC-A that exhibits therapeutic activity in human hypertension and heart failure ex vivo.
Production of ammonia makes Venusian clouds habitable and explains observed cloud-level chemical anomalies
Authors: Bains William , Petkowski Janusz J. , Rimmer Paul B. , Seager Sara 
Published: December 2021

Significance
This research provides a transformative hypothesis for the chemistry of the atmospheric cloud layers of Venus while reconciling decades-long atmosphere anomalies. Our model predicts that the clouds are not entirely made of sulfuric acid, but are partially composed of ammonium salt slurries, which may be the result of biological production of ammonia in cloud droplets. As a result, the clouds are no more acidic than some extreme terrestrial environments that harbor life. Life could be making its own environment on Venus. The model’s predictions for the abundance of gases in Venus’ atmosphere match observation better than any previous model, and are readily testable.
SARS-CoV-2 spike engagement of ACE2 primes S2′ site cleavage and fusion initiation
Authors: Yu Shi , Zheng Xu , Zhou Bingjie , Li Juan , Chen Mengdan , Deng Rong , Wong Gary , Lavillette Dimitri , Meng Guangxun 
Published: December 2021

Significance
The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is responsible for host receptor recognition, membrane fusion, and viral infection. Understanding the cellular and inhibiting the molecular mechanisms of spike-driven viral entry is a research priority in curbing the ongoing pandemic and preventing future coronavirus outbreaks. Here, we highlight that the generation of SARS-CoV-2 S2′ fragments, a proteolytic event occurring within the S2 subunit, is a molecular switch coupled to membrane fusion. Downstream of host receptor recognition, spike-driven syncytia formation requires the presence of an S2′ cleavage site at arginine 815 but not 685. Hence, the proteolytic processing of spike at the S2′ site upon its engagement of host ACE2 may serve as a potential antiviral target against the current SARS-CoV-2 and related coronavirus strains.
FosGFP expression does not capture a sensory learning-related engram in superficial layers of mouse barrel cortex
Authors: Lee Jiseok , Urban-Ciecko Joanna , Park Eunsol , Zhu Mo , Myal Stephanie E. , Margolis David J. , Barth Alison L. 
Published: December 2021

Significance
Activity-dependent, immediate-early gene (IEG) expression has been used to label and reactivate specific subsets of neurons involved in memory encoding in the hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex. Although neurons in primary sensory cortex are changed by learning, previous studies have not linked IEG expression to a learning-related engram in this brain area. We longitudinally monitored expression of a fosGFP transgene in mouse barrel cortex during a whisker-dependent sensory association learning. Surprisingly, we found that sensory training does not alter fosGFP expression in L2/3 neurons and that thalamocortical synaptic potentiation is not concentrated in fosGFP-expressing neurons. These data show that a learning-related neural ensemble in primary sensory cortex is not revealed by expression of a transgenic reporter of the IEG c-fos.
Arboridia kakogawana
. [Distribution map].
Authors: CABI  , EPPO  
Published: December 2021

Abstract

A new distribution map is provided for
Arboridia kakogawana
(Matsumura), Hemiptera: Cicadellidae. Host: grapevine (
Vitis vinifera
). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (China, Xinjiang, Japan, Honshu, Kyushu, Korea Democratic Republic and Korea Republic) and Europe (Bulgaria, Romania, Russia, Russian Far East, Southern Russia, Serbia and Ukraine).
Numerical method for solving the piecewise constant source inverse problem of an elliptic equation from a partial boundary observation data
Authors: Ivanov D Kh , Kolesov A E , Vabishchevich P N 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We present results of numerical investigation of the source term recovery in a boundary value problem for an elliptic equation. An additional information about the solution is considered as its normal derivative taken on a part of the boundary. Such source inverse problem is related with inverse gravimetry problem of determining an inhomogeneity from gravitational potential anomalies on the Earth’s surface. We propose an iterative method for numerical recovery of the source term on the base of minimization of the observation residual by a gradient type method. The numerical implementation is based on finite element approximation using the FEniCS scientific computing platform and the dolfin-adjoint package. The capabilities of the developed computational algorithm are illustrated by results of numerical solutions of two dimensional test problems.
Comparative analysis of the numerical methods for 3D continuation problem for parabolic equation with data on the part of the boundary
Authors: Prikhodko Aleksei , Shishlenin Maxim 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The problem of continuation of the solution of a three-dimensional parabolic equation with data given on a time-like surface is investigated. Two numerical methods for solving the continuation problem are compared: the finite-difference scheme inversion and the solution of inverse problem by gradient method. The functional gradient formula is obtained. The results of numerical calculations are presented.
Fourier Transformation method for solving integral equation in the 2.5D problem of electric sounding
Authors: Rakisheva D.S. , Mukanova B.G. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The paper discusses a method for solving an integral equation for calculating a three-dimensional electric field in a medium with a two-dimensional geometry based on the Fourier transform. The results of the numerical solution of the transformed integral equation and the original integral equation for the medium with the surface relief are compared. The original equation was solved using parallelization technologies on a system with shared memory. A significant performance improvement based on the transformed equations, including in comparison with the parallel version of the program for the original integral equation, is shown.
The five-point non-coherent model of a distributed radar object providing the independent control of angle noise probability characteristics along two orthogonal coordinate axes
Authors: Podkopayev A O , Stepanov M A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The two-dimensional five-point non-coherent model replacing a distributed radar target is explored in this work. Four fixed model points are set in corners of the square but the fifth movable point lies inside of this square. Model points are supplied by normal uncorrelated random processes. The possibilities of the five-point non-coherent model of a distributed radar object for independent control of the producing angle noise parameters along two orthogonal coordinate axes are explored. The disadvantage of this model is noted - the connection of parameters values of angle noise probability density function for two coordinate axes. The expression describing this connection is specified. Expressions determining the boundaries of the allowable coordinate values of the fifth movable point of the five-point non-coherent model, within which the model provides the set parameters of the angle noise probability density function, are defined. The arrived results are validated by program simulations.
Virtual space virtual satellite
Authors: Baleskin V A , Bubnova M A , Kosinov A N , Abrameshin D A , Romanov L A , Nikitin B S 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
“Virtual space virtual satellite” (VSVS) software solution has been developed for computing the geomagnetic field and studying the results of modelling small spacecraft flight at low orbit with different parameters. The application will allow to replace a number of experiments. In addition, SGP4 and IGRF models are studied due to their role in development of the solution, as are the possible applications in developing solutions for educating high school and university students as well as introducing them to space-themed projects.
Decision support system for location selection of convenience stores and retail facilities using optimization techniques and GIS
Authors: Golovnin O K , Igonina A A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The successful spatial location of small convenience stores and retail facilities greatly affects the potential flow of customers, therefore the task of optimizing their location is primary when opening a new store or revising an existing stores’ location. We developed a decision support system for location selection of convenience stores and retail facilities using optimization techniques and a geographic information system. The system identifies areas on an electronic map with the greatest potential to locate a store or retail facility, taking into account its specifics, pedestrian accessibility, opening hours, and a set of goods or services. The system calculates the optimal location of one or several stores using one of the optimization techniques for the criterion of the number of potential customers. In our experiments, we used gradient descent for optimization. The experiments were carried out in areas of various sizes using data obtained from Open Street Map. Experimental results showed that the system finds the optimal location in a reasonable time and therefore it can be useful for small convenience stores and retail facilities.
Fluorescence of pyrene-doped polystyrene films from room temperature down to 4 K for wavelength-shifting applications
Authors: Benmansour H. , Ellingwood E. , Hars Q. , Di Stefano P.C.F. , Gallacher D. , Kuźniak M. , Pereimak V. , Anstey J. , Boulay M.G. , Cai B. , Garg S. , Kemp A. , Mason J. , Skensved P. , Strickland V. , Stringer M. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In liquid argon-based particle detectors, slow wavelength shifters (WLSs) could be used alongside the common, nanosecond scale, WLS tetraphenyl butadiene (TPB) for background mitigation purposes.
At room temperature, pyrene has a moderate fluorescence light yield (LY) and a time constant of the order of hundreds of nanoseconds. In this work, four pyrene-doped polystyrene films with various purities and concentrations were characterized in terms of LY and decay time constants in a range of temperature between 4 K and 300 K under ultraviolet excitation. These films were found to have a LY between 35 and 50% of that of evaporated TPB.
All light yields increase when cooling down, while the decays slow down. At room temperature, we observed that pyrene purity is strongly correlated with emission lifetime: highest obtainable purity samples were dominated by decays with emission time constants of ∼ 250–280 ns, and lower purity samples were dominated by an ∼ 80 ns component.
One sample was investigated further to better understand the monomer and excimer emissions of pyrene. The excimer-over-monomer intensity ratio decreases when the temperature goes down, with the monomer emission dominating below ∼ 87 K.
Drought Monitoring in Gresik Regency East Java using Satellite Image Time Series and Google Earth Engine
Authors: Dwiyaniek Rosmalisa , Sukojo Bangun Muljo , Bioresita Filsa 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Gresik is one of the areas with severe drought levels in East Java. This drought disaster caused by low rainfall and the high average surface temperature in an area. These two factors are currently difficult to predict due to uncertain climate change, this is also related to the global warming that is happening. This disaster cannot be completely avoided but can be minimized. This research was conducted to periodically check or time series of droughts by utilizing the Google Earth Engine platform. Drought identification obtained from multitemporal Landsat 8 satellite imagery with the TVDI (Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index) algorithm and field data retrieval in the form of aerial photos using a thermal camera from the DJI Mavic Enterprise Dual Thermal. From this study, it can be monitoring the distribution of drought in the 2015-2020 period in Gresik Regency occurred in 9 sub-districts, there are Wringinanom, Driyorejo, Kedamean, Balongpanggang, Benjeng, Menganti sub-districts as well as several areas in Duduksampeyan, Cerme and Panceng sub-districts. The identification of dry land also correlates well with the rainfall that occurs, namely?100 mm/month, which has low rainfall during drought events.
Monitoring Seawater Quality in the Kali Porong Estuary as an Area for Lapindo Mud Disposal leveraging Google Earth Engine
Authors: Bioresita Filsa , Ummah Muhammad Hidayatul , Wulansari Mega , Putri Nabilla Aprillia 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The hot mudflow released by Lapindo Mud Volcano periodically requires a large storage space. It is resulting the change in the main function of Kali Porong which is the channel for mud to the river mouth. This causes changes in water quality at Kali Porong estuary. The purpose of this study was to monitor water quality at Kali Porong estuary using Sentinel 2 image data with Total Suspended Solid (TSS) and chlorophyll-a analysis. Cloud computing technology can process image data into useful information. One of the open source cloud computing platforms is Google Earth Engine (GEE). In this platform, there is a database for storing satellite image data, including Sentinel-2. In addition to storing remote sensing data, GEE can process images quickly using the Java scripting language. In this study, monitoring was carried out in February-June 2021. The results show the average value of chlorophyll-a each month from February to June was 2.78 μg/m3, 2.76 μg/m3, 2.74 μg/m3, 2.98 μg/m3, and 3.2 mg/l. The average monthly TSS values from February to June were 16.11 μg/m3, 15.91 μg/m3, 15.76 μg/m3, 17.45 μg/m3, and 19.86 μg/m3, respectively. The correlation test result for chlorophyll-a estimation is 0.654. In the other hand, the correlation test result for the estimated TSS is 0.652. The trophic status of the waters at Kali Porong estuary is in the eutrophic class or has been polluted. The results show a tendency for the area with polluted trophic status to increase from February to June.
Correlation Of Residual Anomaly and Isoseismal Map by Using Power Spectral Density Method in Palu City Region
Authors: Rasif Nahari , Pramudhita Benedictus Dicky Pradnya Agung , Ilman Alfin Alamsyah , Purwanto Mohammad Singgih , Widodo Amien 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis research was conducted to see the correlation between residual anomaly map, geological map, and isoseismal map and how they contribute to the determination of earthquake-prone areas. Moreover, the area studied is an area that is difficult to obtain geophysical data such as urban areas. The residual anomaly is obtained by calculating the bouguer anomaly from elevation data and free-air correction satellite, which then through the FFT process changes the spatial domain to the frequency domain in MATLAB. Thus, it can separate regional anomaly maps with residuals. Using the overlaying technique on two maps, namely residual anomaly maps with isoseismal, a clear correlation was found between the residual anomaly value and the impact of the earthquake as well as the validation of the geological map in the area
Crustal Deformation of the Kendeng Fault Branches Area from GNSS and InSAR Data in Surabaya City, Indonesia
Authors: Ayani R H , Ching K E , Anjasmara I M , Lin Y N 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSlip rates on active faults derived from the interseismic velocity field are critical to understanding seismic hazards in metropolitan cities. This study integrated the data from the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) to evaluate the interseismic velocities in the second-largest city in Indonesia, Surabaya, where branches of the Kendeng fault (the Surabaya and the Waru faults) pass through. Data from 16 campaign-mode GNSS stations collected between 2017 and 2020 from previous research are reprocessed to estimate the velocity field. Horizontal velocities under the ITRF frame range between -23.8 mm/yr and 47.9 mm/yr toward the southeast. Vertical velocities generally range between -1.3 mm/yr and -112.2 mm/yr. Sentinel-1A SAR data of both ascending and descending tracks acquired between November 2014 and July 2020 were used to generate the interferograms with the InSAR Scientific Computing Environment (ISCE) software. Furthermore, cumulative displacement time series were constructed using the Small BAseline Subset (SBAS) technique within the Generic InSAR Analysis Toolbox (GIAnT). This study also carried out the detection of outlier SAR epochs to improve the precision of Line-of-sight (LOS) velocity estimates. The LOS velocities range from -14.8 to 10.8 mm/yr in the ascending track and from -12.7 to 9.5 mm/yr in the descending track. These results will facilitate the detection of coupling behaviors on the Kendeng fault branches, which can improve our understanding of seismic risks in the Surabaya area.
Microzonation of Probolinggo Fault Using Microtremor as an Effort for Earthquake Disaster Mitigation
Authors: Rochman Juan Pandu Gya Nur , Widodo Amien , Warnana Dwa Desa , Lestari Wien , Mariyanto  , Ariyanti Nita , Karo Jeremy Reviel Karo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Earthquake can be caused by several things, one of which is due to an active fault. To mitigate earthquake disasters that can be caused by the Probolinggo Fault, measurement of the microtremor geophysical method is carried out to analyze seismic vulnerability. In this study, the microtremor measurements were carried out on 30 measurement points. The data obtained from measurements are then processed using EasyHVSR software to obtain natural frequency (f0) and natural amplification (A0) values. This value is then used to create a microtremor microzonation map, which is seismic vulnerability index, based on natural frequency and amplification . it founded that low natural frequency mostly founded on eastern of measurement area, caused by thick sedimentary from Lamongan volcanic. High amplification mostly founded from middle to western area, and high seismic vulnerability index founded on western of measurement area, include Maron and Krucil Sub-district. It means seismic wave can very destructive on those area.
Identification of drug–target interactions via multiple kernel-based triple collaborative matrix factorization
Authors: Ding Yijie , Tang Jijun , Guo Fei , Zou Quan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Targeted drugs have been applied to the treatment of cancer on a large scale, and some patients have certain therapeutic effects. It is a time-consuming task to detect drug–target interactions (DTIs) through biochemical experiments. At present, machine learning (ML) has been widely applied in large-scale drug screening. However, there are few methods for multiple information fusion. We propose a multiple kernel-based triple collaborative matrix factorization (MK-TCMF) method to predict DTIs. The multiple kernel matrices (contain chemical, biological and clinical information) are integrated via multi-kernel learning (MKL) algorithm. And the original adjacency matrix of DTIs could be decomposed into three matrices, including the latent feature matrix of the drug space, latent feature matrix of the target space and the bi-projection matrix (used to join the two feature spaces). To obtain better prediction performance, MKL algorithm can regulate the weight of each kernel matrix according to the prediction error. The weights of drug side-effects and target sequence are the highest. Compared with other computational methods, our model has better performance on four test data sets.