bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal properties of light mesons from holography
Authors: Cao Xuanmin , Qiu Songyu , Liu Hui , Li Danning 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The thermal properties of light mesons, including the temperature dependence of their masses (both screening and pole masses) and thermal widths, are studied in a two-flavor (Nf = 2) soft-wall AdS/QCD model. By solving the spatial correlation functions, we extract the screening masses (mscr) from their poles. The screening masses of pseudo-scalar (π) and axial-vector (a1) mesons increase almost monotonously with the increase of temperature. The screening masses of scalar (σ) and vector (ρ) mesons decrease at low temperature and increase at high temperature. The pole masses (mpole) and the thermal widths (Γ) are extracted from the temporal correlation functions and the corresponding spectral functions. The results indicate that the pole masses have local minima at low temperature and increase at high temperature. The thermal widths increase rapidly above the chiral crossover temperature Tcp, indicating the dissociations of mesons at high temperature. Furthermore, the degeneration of the chiral partners (π and σ, ρ and a1) above Tcp is observed from the screening and pole masses, revealing the chiral symmetry restoration at the hadronic spectrum level. Finally, we numerically verify that the spectral functions in the temporal regime are strongly related to the quasi-normal modes with complex frequencies ω0 = mpole− iΓ/2.
Duality and modular symmetry in the quantum Hall effect from Lifshitz holography
Authors: Dolan Brian P. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The temperature dependence of quantum Hall conductivities is studied in the context of the AdS/CMT paradigm using a model with a bulk theory consisting of (3+1)-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell action coupled to a dilaton and an axion, with a negative cosmological constant. We consider a solution which has a Lifshitz like geometry with a dyonic black-brane in the bulk. There is an Sl(2,R) action in the bulk corresponding to electromagnetic duality, which maps between classical solutions, and is broken to Sl(2,Z) by Dirac quantisation of dyons. This bulk Sl(2,Z) action translates to an action of the modular group on the 2-dimensional transverse conductivities. The temperature dependence of the infra-red conductivities is then linked to modular forms via gradient flow and the resulting flow diagrams show remarkable agreement with existing experimental data on the temperature flow of both integral and fractional quantum Hall conductivities.
Partitioned iterated function systems by regression models for head pose estimation
Authors: Abate Andrea F. , Barra Paola , Pero Chiara , Tucci Maurizio 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHead pose estimation represents an important computer vision technique in different contexts where image acquisition cannot be controlled by an operator, making face recognition of unknown subjects more accurate and efficient. In this work, starting from partitioned iterated function systems to identify the pose, different regression models are adopted to predict the angular value errors (yaw, pitch and roll axes, respectively). This method combines the fractal image compression characteristics, such as self-similar structures in order to identify similar head rotation, with regression analysis prediction. The experimental evaluation is performed on widely used benchmark datasets, i.e., Biwi and AFLW2000, and the results are compared with many existing state-of-the-art methods, demonstrating the robustness of the proposed fusion approach and excellent performance.
Intra-operative assessment of the vascularisation of a cross section of the meniscus using near-infrared fluorescence imaging
Authors: van Schie Peter , van der Lelij Thies J. N. , Gerritsen Maxime , Meijer Ruben P. J. , van Arkel Ewoud R. A. , Fiocco Marta , Swen Jan-Willem A. , Vahrmeijer Alexander L. , Hazelbag Hans Marten , Keereweer Stijn , van Driel Pieter B. A. A. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to assess whether the vascularisation of the meniscus could be visualised intra-operatively using near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging with indocyanine green (ICG) in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods
The anterior horn (i.e., Cooper classification: zones C and D) of the meniscus that was least affected (i.e., least degenerative) was removed during TKA surgery in ten patients to obtain a cross section of the inside of the meniscus. Thereafter, 10 mg of ICG was injected intravenously, and vascularisation of the cross section of the meniscus was assessed using the Quest spectrum NIRF camera system. We calculated the percentage of patients in whom vascularisation was observed intra-operatively using NIRF imaging compared to immunohistochemistry.

Results
Meniscal vascularisation using NIRF imaging was observed in six out of eight (75%) patients in whom vascularisation was demonstrated with immunohistochemistry. The median extent of vascularisation was 13% (interquartile range (IQR) 3–28%) using NIRF imaging and 15% (IQR 11–23%) using immunohistochemistry.

Conclusion
This study shows the potential of NIRF imaging to visualise vascularisation of the meniscus, as vascularisation was observed in six out of eight patients with histologically proven meniscal vascularisation.

Level of evidence
IV.
Vasa vasorum of proximal cerebral arteries after dural crossing — potential imaging confounder in diagnosing intracranial vasculitis in elderly subjects on black-blood MRI
Authors: Guggenberger Konstanze Viktoria , Torre Giulia Dalla , Ludwig Ute , Vogel Patrick , Weng Andreas Max , Vogt Marius Lothar , Fröhlich Matthias , Schmalzing Marc , Raithel Esther , Forman Christoph , Urbach Horst , Meckel Stephan , Bley Thorsten Alexander 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objectives
Vessel wall enhancement (VWE) may be commonly seen on MRI images of asymptomatic subjects. This study aimed to characterize the VWE of the proximal internal carotid (ICA) and vertebral arteries (VA) in a non-vasculitic elderly patient cohort.

Methods
Cranial MRI scans at 3 Tesla were performed in 43 patients (aged ≥ 50 years) with known malignancy for exclusion of cerebral metastases. For vessel wall imaging (VWI), a high-resolution compressed-sensing black-blood 3D T1-weighted fast (turbo) spin echo sequence (T1 CS-SPACE prototype) was applied post gadolinium with an isotropic resolution of 0.55 mm. Bilateral proximal intradural ICA and VA segments were evaluated for presence, morphology, and longitudinal extension of VWE.

Results
Concentric VWE of the proximal intradural ICA was found in 13 (30%) patients, and of the proximal intradural VA in 39 (91%) patients. Mean longitudinal extension of VWE after dural entry was 13 mm in the VA and 2 mm in the ICA. In 14 of 39 patients (36%) with proximal intradural VWE, morphology of VWE was suggestive of the mere presence of vasa vasorum. In 25 patients (64 %), morphology indicated atherosclerotic lesions in addition to vasa vasorum.

Conclusions
Vasa vasorum may account for concentric VWE within the proximal 2 mm of the ICA and 13 mm of the VA after dural entry in elderly subjects. Concentric VWE in these locations should not be confused with large artery vasculitis. Distal to these segments, VWE may be more likely related to pathologic conditions such as vasculitis.

Key Points
• Vasa vasorum may account for concentric VWE within the proximal 2 mm of the ICA and 13 mm of the VA after dural entry in non-vasculitic elderly people.
• Concentric enhancement within the proximal 2 mm of the intradural ICA and within the proximal 13 mm of the intradural VA portions should not be misinterpreted as vasculitis.
• Distal of this, VWE is likely related to pathologic conditions, in case of concentric VWE suggestive of vasculitis.
Congenital anomalies and genetic disorders in neonates and infants: a single-center observational cohort study
Authors: Marouane A. , Olde Keizer R. A. C. M. , Frederix G. W. J. , Vissers L. E. L. M. , de Boode W. P. , van Zelst-Stams W. A. G. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNeonates with genetic disorders or congenital anomalies (CA) contribute considerably to morbidity and mortality in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). The objective of this study is to study the prevalence of genetic disorders in an academic level IV NICU. We retrospective collected and analyzed both clinical and genetic data of all 1444 infants admitted to the NICU of the Radboudumc (October 2013 to October 2015). Data were collected until infants reached at least 2 years of age. A total of 13% (194/1444) of the patients were genetically tested, and 32% (461/1444) had a CA. A total of 37% (72/194) had a laboratory-confirmed genetic diagnosis. In 53%, the diagnosis was made post-neonatally (median age = 209 days) using assays including exome sequencing. Exactly 63% (291/461) of the patients with CA, however, never received genetic testing, despite being clinically similar those who did.Conclusions: Genetic disorders were suspected in 13% of the cohort, but only confirmed in 5%. Most received their genetic diagnosis in the post-neonatal period. Extrapolation of the diagnostic yield suggests that up to 6% of our cohort may have remained genetically undiagnosed. Our data show the need to improve genetic care in the NICU for more inclusive, earlier, and faster genetic diagnosis to enable tailored management.

What is Known:• Genetic disorders are suspected in many neonates but only genetically confirmed in a minority.• The presence of a genetic disorder can be easily missed and will often lead to a diagnostic odyssey requiring extensive evaluations, both clinically and genetically.

What is New:• Different aspects of the clinical features and uptake of genetic test in a NICU cohort.• The need to improve genetic care in the NICU for more inclusive, earlier, and faster genetic diagnosis to enable tailored management.
Analysis of cytokines in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in patients with immune-checkpoint inhibitor-associated pneumonitis: a cross-sectional case–control study
Authors: Kowalski Benedikt , Valaperti Alan , Bezel Pascal , Steiner Urs C. , Scholtze Dieter , Wieser Stephan , Vonow-Eisenring Maya , Widmer Andrea , Kohler Malcolm , Franzen Daniel 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) present a new treatment for malignancies by boosting the immune system. This has led to a variety of immune-related adverse events, including ICI-associated pneumonitis (ICIaP). Diagnosis thereof is often challenging, and its pathogenesis has not yet been fully understood. The aim of this cross-sectional case–control study was to investigate cytokines in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) expressed in patients with ICIaP compared to controls consisting of healthy individuals, patients with lung cancer and patients with interstitial lung diseases (ILD) other than ICIaP.

Methods
From January 2018 until June 2019, 401 adult patients with various lung diseases were prospectively enrolled in a BALF- and serum biobank, called BALOTHEK. Of these, 12 patients were diagnosed with ICIaP (Pembrolizumab, Ipilimumab, or both, and Durvalumab) serving as case group. Subjects with one of three diagnosis groups from BALOTHEK, including lung cancer, ILD other than ICIaP, and healthy individuals, served as matched controls. The following 11 cytokines were simultaneously analyzed in BALF and serum of each study participant: interferon gamma, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin (IL) 1b, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12p70, IL-13 and IL-17A. This study was approved by the local ethic review committee (BASEC-ID 2017-02,307 and 2018-01,724).

Results
Absolute number and percentage of lymphocytes in BALF of patients with ICIaP were significantly higher compared to control groups. For the investigated cytokines in BALF, a significant increase of IL-6 level was shown for patients with ICIaP compared to control groups (p = 0.031, adjusted for multiple comparisons).

Conclusion
Cytokine profile assessed in BALF shows promising potential for facilitating diagnosis and understanding of pathophysiology of ICIaP. IL-6 may not only contribute to better understanding of pathophysiology but also herald therapeutic implications for Tocilizumab.
Characterization of the first Pseudomonas grimontii bacteriophage, PMBT3
Authors: Sprotte Sabrina , Brinks Erik , Wagner Natalia , Kropinski Andrew M. , Neve Horst , Franz Charles M. A. P. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe complete genome sequence of the virulent bacteriophage PMBT3, isolated on the proteolytic Pseudomonas grimontii strain MBTL2-21, showed no significant similarity to other known phage genome sequences, making this phage the first reported to infect a strain of P. grimontii. Electron microscopy revealed PMBT3 to be a member of the family Siphoviridae, with notably long and flexible whiskers. The linear, double-stranded genome of 87,196 bp has a mol% G+C content of 60.4 and contains 116 predicted protein-encoding genes. A putative tellurite resistance (terB) gene, originally reported to occur in the genome of a bacterium, was detected in the genome of phage PMBT3.
Comparison of ARIMA, ETS, NNAR, TBATS and hybrid models to forecast the second wave of COVID-19 hospitalizations in Italy
Authors: Perone Gaetano 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a severe, ongoing, novel pandemic that emerged in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. As of January 21, 2021, the virus had infected approximately 100 million people, causing over 2 million deaths. This article analyzed several time series forecasting methods to predict the spread of COVID-19 during the pandemic’s second wave in Italy (the period after October 13, 2020). The autoregressive moving average (ARIMA) model, innovations state space models for exponential smoothing (ETS), the neural network autoregression (NNAR) model, the trigonometric exponential smoothing state space model with Box–Cox transformation, ARMA errors, and trend and seasonal components (TBATS), and all of their feasible hybrid combinations were employed to forecast the number of patients hospitalized with mild symptoms and the number of patients hospitalized in the intensive care units (ICU). The data for the period February 21, 2020–October 13, 2020 were extracted from the website of the Italian Ministry of Health (www.salute.gov.it). The results showed that (i) hybrid models were better at capturing the linear, nonlinear, and seasonal pandemic patterns, significantly outperforming the respective single models for both time series, and (ii) the numbers of COVID-19-related hospitalizations of patients with mild symptoms and in the ICU were projected to increase rapidly from October 2020 to mid-November 2020. According to the estimations, the necessary ordinary and intensive care beds were expected to double in 10 days and to triple in approximately 20 days. These predictions were consistent with the observed trend, demonstrating that hybrid models may facilitate public health authorities’ decision-making, especially in the short-term.
The State of Lifelong Learning in Service Robots:
Authors: Kasaei S. Hamidreza , Melsen Jorik , van Beers Floris , Steenkist Christiaan , Voncina Klemen 
Published: August 2021

AbstractService robots are appearing more and more in our daily life. The development of service robots combines multiple fields of research, from object perception to object manipulation. The state-of-the-art continues to improve to make a proper coupling between object perception and manipulation. This coupling is necessary for service robots not only to perform various tasks in a reasonable amount of time but also to continually adapt to new environments and safely interact with non-expert human users. Nowadays, robots are able to recognize various objects, and quickly plan a collision-free trajectory to grasp a target object in predefined settings. Besides, in most of the cases, there is a reliance on large amounts of training data. Therefore, the knowledge of such robots is fixed after the training phase, and any changes in the environment require complicated, time-consuming, and expensive robot re-programming by human experts. Therefore, these approaches are still too rigid for real-life applications in unstructured environments, where a significant portion of the environment is unknown and cannot be directly sensed or controlled. In such environments, no matter how extensive the training data used for batch learning, a robot will always face new objects. Therefore, apart from batch learning, the robot should be able to continually learn about new object categories and grasp affordances from very few training examples on-site. Moreover, apart from robot self-learning, non-expert users could interactively guide the process of experience acquisition by teaching new concepts, or by correcting insufficient or erroneous concepts. In this way, the robot will constantly learn how to help humans in everyday tasks by gaining more and more experiences without the need for re-programming. In this paper, we review a set of previously published works and discuss advances in service robots from object perception to complex object manipulation and shed light on the current challenges and bottlenecks.
The Darker Side of Ageing: Towards an Ethics of Suffering that Emphasises the Primacy of Witnessing
Authors: van Wijngaarden Els 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMany older adults succeed in finding meaning in life, even in deep old age. There is, however, a minority of older adults, in particular among the oldest old, who feel that life no longer makes sense: they suffer from the consequences of old age, explicated in feelings of loneliness, social isolation and disconnectedness, and fears for (further) decline and dependency. This article seeks to address this darker side of ageing. It discusses probing questions including: what can we learn from the stories of those who severely struggle with the consequences of old age? And how might these stories guide us in finding ways how we – both as fellow human beings and as a society – can face and respond to suffering in old age? To achieve this, this article first briefly outlines the scholarship on suffering and explores the idea of suffering from life in old age. Secondly, drawing on empirical work, it reflects on the phenomenological question: what is it like to suffer from life in old age? What does it mean to live with a deep sense that life is no longer worth living? Then, thirdly, building on these insights, the aim is to work towards developing an ethics of suffering that emphasises the primacy of witnessing. It is argued that in the confrontation with manifestations of meaninglessness and suffering that cannot be solved or remedied, we need bystanders who are willing to name, to narrate, to give voice and connect to these experiences of suffering.
Predicting the discharge coefficient of oblique cylindrical weir using neural network techniques
Authors: Ismael Adnan A. , Suleiman Saleh J. , Al-Nima Raid Rafi Omar , Al-Ansari Nadhir 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCylindrical weir shapes offer a steady-state overflow pattern, where the type of weirs can offer a simple design and provide the ease-to-pass floating debris. This study considers a coefficient of discharge (Cd) prediction for oblique cylindrical weir using three diameters, the first is of D1 = 0.11 m, the second is of D2 = 0.09 m, and the third is of D3 = 0.06.5 m, and three inclination angles with respect to channel axis, the first is of θ1 = 90 ͦ, the second is of θ2 = 45 ͦ, and the third is of θ3 = 30 ͦ. The Cd values for total of 56 experiments are estimated by using the radial basis function network (RBFN), in addition of comparing that with the back-propagation neural network (BPNN) and cascade-forward neural network (CFNN). Root mean square error (RMSE), mean square error (MSE), and correlation coefficient (CC) statics are used as metrics measurements. The RBFN attained superior performance comparing to the other neural networks of BPNN and CFNN. It is found that, for the training stage, the RBFN network benchmarked very small RMSE and MSE values of 1.35E-12 and 1.83E-24, respectively and for the testing stage, it also could benchmark very small RMSE and MSE values of 0.0082 and 6.80E-05, respectively.
Inheritance vs. infectivity as a mechanism of malady and death of Frederic Chopin
Authors: Witt Michał , Dobosz Tadeusz 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBased on a macroscopic analysis of the heart of Frederic Chopin performed in 2014, it can be stated with high probability that the composer suffered from a long lasting tuberculosis as a primary disease, which was the cause of progressive deterioration of his physical condition and numerous symptoms mainly from the respiratory tract. Tuberculous pericarditis rapidly progressing within a rather short period of time, a relatively rare complication of diffuse tuberculosis, might have been an immediate cause of death. This would aptly coincide with a startling opinion that in an autopsy picture the composer’s heart had been more affected by the disease than the lungs.
Characteristic volatile organic compounds in “HeTao” melon and other cultivars grown in Hetao region analyzed by HS-GC-IMS
Authors: Liu Cong , Sun Yi , Du Hong-Xi , Li Ya-Zhen , Ji Ri-Ga-La , Ma Hui-Ru , Lian Mei-Qin , Wang Ji-Li-Te 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) was used to compare the volatile organic components of the Hetao melon and six other cultivars of melon grown in the Hetao region of China. The results showed that the common VOCs that could be qualitatively identified from the 7 different melon samples were 35 monomers and dimers of certain compounds, mainly including alcohols, esters, aldehydes, terpenes, acids and pyridines. Hexyl acetate, 3-methylbutyl acetate, ethyl acetate and ethyl formate were predominant VOCs in seven melon cultivars. Among them, Xizhoumi No. 25 (XZM25) had 3 unique volatile organic components: 3-methylbutanal, benzaldehyde and nonanal. Xizhoumi No. 17 (XZM17) had 3 unique volatile organic components: alpha-pinene, linalool and (E)-2-hexenol. Jinhongmi (JHM) had 1 unique volatile organic component: ethyl pentanoate. The Hetao melon (HLS) contained 3 unique volatile organic components: heptanal, 2-ethyl-6-methyl pyrazine and 3-methyl valeric acid. Yinmi (YM) had 2 unique volatile organic components: 3-methylbutanol and 1-butanol, and Huangjinmi (HJM) had 1 unique volatile organic component: limonene. YM, GMB2010, HLS and JHM were similar based on the principal component analysis. This research analyzed the flavor components of different melon cultivars grown in the Hetao region of China for the first time.