bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supersymmetric Janus solutions in $$\omega $$-deformed $$N=8$$ gauged supergravity
Authors: Karndumri Parinya , Maneerat Chawakorn 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe give a large class of supersymmetric Janus solutions in $$\omega $$
ω
-deformed (dyonic) SO(8) maximal gauged supergravity with $$\omega =\frac{\pi }{8}$$

ω
=

π
8

. Unlike the purely electric counterpart, the dyonic SO(8) gauged supergravity exhibits a richer structure of $$AdS_4$$

A
d

S
4

vacua with $$N=8,2,1,1$$

N
=
8
,
2
,
1
,
1

supersymmetries and SO(8), U(3), $$G_2$$

G
2

and SU(3) symmetries, respectively. Similarly, domain walls interpolating among these critical points show a very rich structure as well. In this paper, we show that this gauged supergravity also accommodates a number of interesting supersymmetric Janus solutions in the form of $$AdS_3$$

A
d

S
3

-sliced domain walls asymptotically interpolating between the aforementioned $$AdS_4$$

A
d

S
4

geometries. These solutions could be holographically interpreted as two-dimensional conformal defects within the superconformal field theories (SCFTs) of ABJM type dual to the $$AdS_4$$

A
d

S
4

vacua. We also give a class of solutions interpolating among the SO(8), $$G_2$$

G
2

and U(3) $$AdS_4$$

A
d

S
4

vacua in the case of $$\omega =0$$

ω
=
0

which have not previously appeared in the presently known Janus solutions of electric SO(8) gauged supergravity.
The new $$(g-2)_\mu $$ result and the $$\mu \nu $$SSM
Authors: Heinemeyer Sven , Kpatcha Essodjolo , Lara Iñaki , López-Fogliani Daniel E. , Muñoz Carlos , Nagata Natsumi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe $$\mu \nu \mathrm {SSM}$$

μ
ν
SSM

is a highly predictive alternative model to the MSSM. In particular, the electroweak sector of the model can explain the longstanding discrepancy between the experimental result for the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, $$(g-2)_\mu $$

(
g
-
2
)

μ

, and its Standard Model prediction, while being in agreement with all other theoretical and experimental constraints. The recently published MUON G-2 result is within $${0.8}\,\sigma $$

0.8

σ

in agreement with the older BNL result on $$(g-2)_\mu $$

(
g
-
2
)

μ

. The combined result was announced as $$a_\mu ^{\mathrm{exp}} = (11 659 {206.1}\pm {4.1}) \times 10^{-10}$$

a
μ
exp

=

(
11659

206.1

±

4.1

)

×

10

-
10

, yielding a new deviation from the Standard Model prediction of $$\Delta a_\mu = ({25.1}\pm {5.9}) \times 10^{-10}$$

Δ

a
μ

=

(

25.1

±

5.9

)

×

10

-
10

, corresponding to $${4.2}\,\sigma $$

4.2

σ

. Using this improved bound we update the analysis in the $$\mu \nu \mathrm {SSM}$$

μ
ν
SSM

as presented in Kpatcha et al. (Eur Phys J C 81(2):154. arXiv:1912.04163 [hep-ph], 2021) and set new limits on the allowed parameters space of the electroweak sector of the model. We conclude that significant regions of the model can explain the new $$(g-2)_\mu $$

(
g
-
2
)

μ

data.
Clinical Activity of Ripretinib in Patients with Advanced Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Harboring Heterogeneous KIT/PDGFRA Mutations in the Phase III INVICTUS Study
Authors: Bauer Sebastian , Heinrich Michael C. , George Suzanne , Zalcberg John R. , Serrano César , Gelderblom Hans , Jones Robin L. , Attia Steven , D'Amato Gina , Chi Ping , Reichardt Peter , Meade Julie , Su Ying , Ruiz-Soto Rodrigo , Blay Jean-Yves , von Mehren Margaret , Schöffski Patrick 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Purpose:
Most patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) have activating mutations in KIT/PDGFRA and are initially responsive to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). The acquisition of secondary mutations leads to refractory/relapsed disease. This study reports the results of an analysis from the phase III INVICTUS study (NCT03353753) characterizing the genomic heterogeneity of tumors from patients with advanced GIST and evaluating ripretinib efficacy across KIT/PDGFRA mutation subgroups.

Patients and Methods:
Tumor tissue and liquid biopsy samples that captured circulating tumor DNA were collected prior to study enrollment and sequenced using next-generation sequencing. Subgroups were determined by KIT/PDGFRA mutations and correlation of clinical outcomes and KIT/PDGFRA mutational status was assessed.

Results:
Overall, 129 patients enrolled (ripretinib 150 mg once daily, n = 85; placebo, n = 44). The most common primary mutation subgroup detected by combined tissue and liquid biopsies were in KIT exon 11 (ripretinib, 61.2%; placebo, 77.3%) and KIT exon 9 (ripretinib, 18.8%; placebo, 15.9%). Patients receiving ripretinib demonstrated progression-free survival (PFS) benefit versus placebo regardless of mutation status (HR 0.16) and in all assessed subgroups in Kaplan–Meier PFS analysis (exon 11, P &lt; 0.0001; exon 9, P = 0.0023; exon 13, P &lt; 0.0001; exon 17, P &lt; 0.0001). Among patients with wild-type KIT/PDGFRA by tumor tissue, PFS ranged from 2 to 23 months for ripretinib versus 0.9 to 10.1 months for placebo.

Conclusions:
Ripretinib provided clinically meaningful activity across mutation subgroups in patients with advanced GIST, demonstrating that ripretinib inhibits a broad range of KIT/PDGFRA mutations in patients with advanced GIST who were previously treated with three or more TKIs.
ВПЛИВ КРАНІОСКЕЛЕТНОЇ ТРАВМИ НА ДИНАМІКУ ЕНЗИМНОЇ ЛАНКИ АНТИОКСИДАНТНОГО ЗАХИСТУ В КІРКОВОМУ І МОЗКОВОМУ ШАРАХ НИРКИ ЗА УМОВ ДВОБІЧНОГО ВИДАЛЕННЯ ГОНАД У ПЕРІОД ПІЗНІХ ПРОЯВІВ ТРАВМАТИЧНОЇ ХВОРОБИ
Authors: Луців І. І. , Гудима А. А. , Попович Д. В. 
Published: September 2021

Резюме. Останніми роками відмічають значне зростання частки жінок у постменопаузальному періоді. Природня інволюція, в основі якої лежить зниження рівня естрогенів, суттєво змінює реактивність і резистентність організму жінки до різноманітних факторів навколишнього середовища. Однак до останнього часу поза увагою дослідників залишається дослідження ролі дефіциту естрогенів у порушенні антиоксидантного захисту за умов травматичної хвороби, що сприяло б пошуку напрямків патогенетично обґрунтованої корекції.
Мета дослідження – з’ясувати вплив двобічної оваріоектомії на ензимну ланку антиоксидантного захисту в кірковому і мозковому шарах нирки у пізній період краніоскелетної травми (КСТ).
Матеріали і методи. Експерименти виконано на 54 нелінійних білих щурах-самках масою 200–220 г. Гіпоестрогенний стан виконували шляхом оперативного видалення гонад із подальшим моделювання КСТ. Через 1 і 2 місяці посттравматичного періоду в кірковому та мозковому шарах нирки визначали суперосиддисмутазу (СОД) та каталазну активність.
Результати. Через 1 місяць посттравматичного періоду в тварин без гонадектомії СОД- і каталазна активність кіркового і мозкового шарів нирки істотно знижувалися порівняно з контролем. Через 2 місяці експерименту досліджувані ензими нормалізувалися, що вказує на домінування в організмі саногенних механізмів. Нанесення травми гонадектомованим тваринам супроводжувалося більшим пригніченням СОД- і каталазної активності кіркового і мозкового шарів нирки через 1 місяць посттравматичного періоду. На такому ж рівні досліджувані ензими залишалися й через 2 місяці експерименту.
Висновки. В умовах краніоскелетної травми через 1 місяць посттравматичного періоду в кірковому і мозковому шарах нирки відмічають порушення ензимної ланки антиоксидантного захисту, яке виявляють зниженням, порівняно з контролем, СОД- та каталазної активності. В гонадектомованих щурів виявлені порушення суттєво більші й не стихають через 2 місяці експерименту, що вказує на вагому роль антиоксидантної дії естрогенів у патогенезі травматичної хвороби.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ КАРАГІНАНІВ ЯК ХАРЧОВИХ ДОБАВОК
Authors: Копаниця О. М. , Гудима А. А. , Мялюк О. П. , Ліснянська Н. В. , Кліщ І. М. 
Published: September 2021

Резюме. Серед харчових добавок полісахариди добре відомі як функціональні добавки, які мають високу молекулярну масу, добре розчиняються у воді й використовують їх для поліпшення текстури кінцевої продукції. В останні десятиріччя карагінани стали одними з найпопулярніших гідроколоїдів у харчовій промисловості.
Мета дослідження – проаналізувати літературні джерела щодо особливостей використання карагінанів як харчових добавок.
Матеріали і методи. У дослідженні опрацьовано наукові публікації за останнє десятиліття, які доступні у мережі «Internet», ключовими словами були «карагінан», «харчові добавки», «Е407».
Результати. Широке використання каппа-карагінану пов’язане з його здатністю до підвищення в’язкості водних розчинів та гелеутворення, застосовують у харчовій, легкій та аграрній промисловостях. А також при виробництві консерв, м’ясних і молочних продуктів. Карагінанам притаманні властивості імуноад’ювантів: вони здатні надавати як імуностимулювальний, так і імуносупресорний ефекти. Їх вплив на імунну систему носить дозозалежний характер. У високих концентраціях ці полісахариди не мають імуносупресорної дії, імовірно, унаслідок цитотоксичності відносно супресорних клітин. Водночас карагінан при низьких дозах стимулює активацію супресорних макрофагів і пришвидшує їх дозрівання. Деяка суперечливість даних про фармакологічну дію цих полісахаридів може бути зумовлена некоректним порівнянням результатів, отриманих у різних експериментальних умовах, на різних структурних типах карагінанів. При цьому дуже важливим є спосіб введення полісахариду і його доза.
Висновки. Широке використання карагінанів як природного, так і синтетичного походжень надихає науковців глибше досліджувати механізм їх дії на рівні цілого організму.
The SOE Channel of Monetary Policy Transmission: Evidence from China's Economic Stimulus Package
Authors: Chen Wenbin , Han Shi-Zhuan , Li Jie , Zhou Tianhang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We examine the state-owned enterprises (SOEs) channel in monetary policy transmission in the context of China's 2008 stimulus package. Using a difference-in-difference approach, we show that the higher SOE share in the cities after the stimulus package, the more bank loans issued in the cities. Furthermore, we find that the role of SOEs in monetary policy transmission is more significant in underdeveloped cities and cities with a high level of government intervention. We adopt propensity score matching difference-in-difference to deal with potential endogeneity problem. The baseline results also survive a series of robustness tests.
The Vanishing Interest Income of Chinese Banks
Authors: Kauko Karlo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Chinese banks likely have more nonperforming loans (NPLs) than officially reported. Banks’ NPLs often deviate from Benford's law.  As hidden NPLs earn no interest income, loan quality problems may erode the gross interest income of banks. Using stochastic frontier analysis, we estimate the interest income of a hypothetical profit-maximizing Chinese bank with no credit quality problems. Taking the deviation of actual interest income from the calculated efficient income, we then attempt to reveal the amount of hidden NPLs in Chinese banks. Our results uncover a substantial weakening in the quality of Chinese bank loan portfolios in 2016.
Improvement of the Cloud Microphysics Scheme of the Mesoscale Model at the Japan Meteorological Agency Using Spaceborne Radar and Microwave Imager of the Global Precipitation Measurement as Reference
Authors: Ikuta Yasutaka , Satoh Masaki , Sawada Masahiro , Kusabiraki Hiroshi , Kubota Takuji 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this study, the single-moment 6-class bulk cloud microphysics scheme used in the operational numerical weather prediction system at the Japan Meteorological Agency was improved using the observations of the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) core satellite as reference values. The original cloud microphysics scheme has the following biases: underestimation of cloud ice compared to the brightness temperature of the GPM Microwave Imager (GMI) and underestimation of the lower-troposphere rain compared to the reflectivity of GPM Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar (DPR). Furthermore, validation of the dual-frequency rate of reflectivity revealed that the dominant particles in the solid phase of simulation were graupel and deviated from DPR observation. The causes of these issues were investigated using a single-column kinematic model. The underestimation of cloud ice was caused by a high ice-to-snow conversion rate, and the underestimation of precipitation in the lower layers was caused by an excessive number of small-diameter rain particles. The parameterization of microphysics scheme is improved to eliminate the biases in the single-column model. In the forecast obtained using the improved scheme, the underestimation of cloud ice and rain is reduced. Consequently, the prediction errors of hydrometeors were reduced against the GPM satellite observations, and the atmospheric profiles and precipitation forecasts were improved.
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for infants with high-risk KMT2A gene–rearranged acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Takachi Takayuki , Watanabe Tomoyuki , Miyamura Takako , Moriya Saito Akiko , Deguchi Takao , Hori Toshinori , Yamada Tomomi , Ohmori Shigeru , Haba Masami , Aoki Yuki , Ishimaru Sae , Sasaki Shinya , Ohshima Junjiro , Iguchi Akihiro , Takahashi Yoshiyuki , Hyakuna Nobuyuki , Manabe Atsushi , Horibe Keizo , Ishii Eiichi , Koh Katsuyoshi , Tomizawa Daisuke 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The role of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for infants with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and KMT2A gene rearrangement (KMT2A-r) is controversial in terms of both its efficacy and potential for acute and late toxicities. In Japanese Pediatric Leukemia/Lymphoma Study Group trial MLL-10, by introducing intensive chemotherapy, indication of HSCT was restricted to patients with high-risk (HR) features only (KMT2A-r and either age &lt;180 days or presence of central nervous system leukemia). Of the 56 HR patients, 49 achieved complete remission. Forty-three patients received HSCT in first remission including 38 patients receiving protocol-specified HSCT with conditioning consisting of individualized targeted doses of busulfan, etoposide, and cyclophosphamide. Three-year event-free survival (EFS) of 56.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 42.4% to 68.8%) and overall survival of 80.2% (95% CI, 67.1% to 88.5%) were accomplished. Univariable analysis showed that Interfant-HR criteria and flow cytometric minimal residual disease (MRD; ≥0.01%), both at the end of induction and at the end of consolidation (EOC), were significantly associated with poorer EFS. In the multivariable analysis, positive MRD at EOC was solely associated with poor EFS (P &lt; .001). Rapid pretransplant MRD clearance and tailored HSCT strategy in the MLL-10 trial resulted in a favorable outcome for infants with HR KMT2A-r ALL. However, considering the high rate of potentially life-threatening toxicities and the risk of late effects, its indication should be further restricted or even eliminated in the future by introducing more effective therapeutic modalities with minimal toxicities. This trial was registered at the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR) as #UMIN000004801.
Circulating tumor DNA for comprehensive noninvasive monitoring of lymphoma treated with ibrutinib plus nivolumab
Authors: Bruscaggin Alessio , di Bergamo Lodovico Terzi , Spina Valeria , Hodkinson Brendan , Forestieri Gabriela , Bonfiglio Ferdinando , Condoluci Adalgisa , Wu Wei , Pirosa Maria C. , Faderl Martin R. , Koch Ricardo , Schaffer Michael , Alvarez John D. , Fourneau Nele , Gerber Bernhard , Stussi Georg , Zucca Emanuele , Balasubramanian Sriram , Rossi Davide 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
To advance the use of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) applications, their broad clinical validity must be tested in different treatment settings, including targeted therapies. Using the prespecified longitudinal systematic collection of plasma samples in the phase 1/2a LYM1002 trial (registered on www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02329847), we tested the clinical validity of ctDNA for baseline mutation profiling, residual tumor load quantification, and acquisition of resistance mutations in patients with lymphoma treated with ibrutinib+nivolumab. Inclusion criterion for this ancillary biological study was the availability of blood collected at baseline and cycle 3, day 1. Overall, 172 ctDNA samples from 67 patients were analyzed by the LyV4.0 ctDNA Cancer Personalized Profiling Deep Sequencing Assay. Among baseline variants in ctDNA, only TP53 mutations (detected in 25.4% of patients) were associated with shorter progression-free survival; clones harboring baseline TP53 mutations did not disappear during treatment. Molecular response, defined as a &gt;2-log reduction in ctDNA levels after 2 cycles of therapy (28 days), was achieved in 28.6% of patients with relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma who had ≥1 baseline variant and was associated with best response and improved progression-free survival. Clonal evolution occurred frequently during treatment, and 10.3% new mutations were identified after 2 treatment cycles in nonresponders. PLCG2 was the topmost among genes that acquired new mutations. No patients acquired the C481S BTK mutation implicated in resistance to ibrutinib in CLL. Collectively, our results provide the proof of concept that ctDNA is useful for noninvasive monitoring of lymphoma treated with targeted agents in the clinical trial setting.
A genome-wide scan to identify signatures of selection in two Iranian indigenous chicken ecotypes
Authors: Rostamzadeh Mahdabi Elaheh , Esmailizadeh Ali , Ayatollahi Mehrgardi Ahmad , Asadi Fozi Masood 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Various regions of the chicken genome have been under natural and artificial selection for thousands of years. The substantial diversity that exits among chickens from different geographic regions provides an excellent opportunity to investigate the genomic regions under selection which, in turn, will increase our knowledge about the mechanisms that underlie chicken diversity and adaptation. Several statistics have been developed to detect genomic regions that are under selection. In this study, we applied approaches based on differences in allele or haplotype frequencies (FST and hapFLK, respectively) between populations, differences in long stretches of consecutive homozygous sequences (ROH), and differences in allele frequencies within populations (composite likelihood ratio (CLR)) to identify inter- and intra-populations traces of selection in two Iranian indigenous chicken ecotypes, the Lari fighting chicken and the Khazak or creeper (short-leg) chicken.

Results
Using whole-genome resequencing data of 32 individuals from the two chicken ecotypes, approximately 11.9 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected and used in genomic analyses after quality processing. Examination of the distribution of ROH in the two populations indicated short to long ROH, ranging from 0.3 to 5.4 Mb. We found 90 genes that were detected by at least two of the four applied methods. Gene annotation of the detected putative regions under selection revealed candidate genes associated with growth (DCN, MEOX2 and CACNB1), reproduction (ESR1 and CALCR), disease resistance (S1PR1, ALPK1 and MHC-B), behavior pattern (AGMO, GNAO1 and PSEN1), and morphological traits (IHH and NHEJ1).

Conclusions
Our findings show that these two phenotypically different indigenous chicken populations have been under selection for reproduction, immune, behavioral, and morphology traits. The results illustrate that selection can play an important role in shaping signatures of differentiation across the genomic landscape of two chicken populations.
The relationship between the effect-site concentration of propofol and sedation scale in children: a pharmacodynamic modeling study
Authors: Jang Young-Eun , Ji Sang-Hwan , Lee Ji-Hyun , Kim Eun-Hee , Kim Jin-Tae , Kim Hee-Soo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundContinuous infusion of propofol has been used to achieve sedation in children. However, the relationship between the effect-site concentration (Ce) of propofol and sedation scale has not been previously examined. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between theCeof propofol and the University of Michigan Sedation Scale (UMSS) score in children with population pharmacodynamic modeling.MethodsA total of 30 patients (aged 3 to 6 years) who underwent surgery under general anesthesia with propofol and remifentanil lasting more than 1 h were enrolled in this study. Sedation levels were evaluated using the UMSS score every 20 s by a 1 μg/mL stepwise increase in theCeof propofol during the induction of anesthesia. The pharmacodynamic relationship between theCeof propofol and UMSS score was analyzed by logistic regression with nonlinear mixed-effect modeling.ResultsThe estimatedCe50(95% confidence interval) of propofol to yield UMSS scores equal to or greater thannwere 1.84 (1.54–2.14), 2.64 (2.20–3.08), 3.98 (3.66–4.30), and 4.78 (4.53–5.03) μg/mL forn = 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The slope steepness for the relationship of theCeversus sedative response to propofol (95% confidence interval) was 5.76 (4.00–7.52).ConclusionsWe quantified the pharmacodynamic relationship between theCeof propofol and UMSS score, and this finding may be helpful to predict the sedation score at the targetCeof propofol in children.Trial registrationhttp://www.clinicaltrials.gov(No.:NCT03195686, Date of registration: 22/06/2017).
Prevalence and physical characteristics of locomotive syndrome stages as classified by the new criteria 2020 in older Japanese people: results from the Nagahama study
Authors: Taniguchi Masashi , Ikezoe Tome , Tsuboyama Tadao , Tabara Yasuharu , Matsuda Fumihiko , Ichihashi Noriaki ,   on behalf of the Nagahama Study group
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
The Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) proposed the concept of locomotive syndrome (LS) in 2007 for detecting high-risk individuals with mobility limitation. In 2020, the JOA revised the clinical decision limits and introduced LS stage 3, which carried the highest-risk for LS compared to the conventional stages, 1 and 2. The purpose of this study was to characterize the prevalence, comorbidities, and physical characteristics in each LS stage, as per the LS criteria 2020.

Methods
We analyzed 2077 participants (64.9% women; mean age, 68.3 ± 5.4 years) from the Nagahama Study aged ≥60 years. Participants were classified into 4 groups, non-LS and LS stages 1, 2, and 3, based on a 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale. The prevalence of comorbidities (sarcopenia, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, low back pain [LBP], and knee pain) were investigated. Physical characteristics were measured based on the physical performance tests including gait speed, five-times chair-stand, single-leg stand, and short physical performance battery; muscle strength tests including grip, knee extension, hip flexion, and abduction; and body-composition analysis including muscle quantity and quality. Differences in the prevalence of comorbidities between LS stages were tested using the chi-square test. The general linear model was performed for univariate and multivariate analyses with post-hoc test to compare the differences in physical characteristics among the LS stages.

Results
The prevalence of LS increased with age, and the mean prevalence of LS stages 1, 2, and 3 were 24.4, 5.5, and 6.5%, respectively. The prevalence of comorbidities, including sarcopenia, osteoporosis, LBP, and knee pain, increased with worsening LS stage. Physical performance tests were significantly different between LS stages 2 and 3; and muscle strength differed significantly between LS stages 1 and 2. Additionally, in terms of body composition analysis, muscle quality but not muscle quantity showed significant differences among all the LS stages.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that muscle strengthening and dynamic training, including balance training in LS stage 1 and 2, respectively, were needed for preventing the LS progression. Individuals with LS stage 3 should perform dynamic training and muscle strengthening exercises while receiving treatment for comorbidities.