bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dimensions of Work Environment that Impact Job Satisfaction in Clinical Practices of Medical Students During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic
Authors: Prada Ricardo , Zarate-Torres Rodrigo , Prada Maria 
Published: November 2021

Introduction:
This article deals with the relationship between the work environment and job satisfaction in clinical practices of medical students during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Data are presented that attest to the underlying factor structure, reliability, predictive validity, and factors replicability between groups of the summary measure.

Methods:
An initial sample of 132 medical students from 3 different universities in Bogotá who carry out Clinical Practice activities in tertiary hospitals provided data for the exploratory factor analysis of this measure and to apply confirmatory factor analysis techniques. The validated instrument WCA is used for the work environment construct and MSQ for the job satisfaction construct. The potential applications of this measure are described, and the implications of these findings for measuring work environment and satisfaction are discussed.

Results:
The results of the CFA suggest a good global fit to the data of the proposed measurement model, favorable values of significance (p = 0,014); RMR; AGFI; TLI; CFI; GFI, and RMSEA.

Conclusion:
Solid psychometric properties are demonstrated, which prove that there are dimensions of organizational climate that have statistically significant relationships with variables of job satisfaction.
The Prevention of Mother-to-Child HIV/AIDS Transmission at Public Health Centers: A Phenomenology Study
Authors: Astuti Dhesi Ari , Hakimi Mohammad , Prabandari Yayi Suryo , Laksanawati Ida Safitri , Triratnawati Atik 
Published: November 2021

Objective:
Mothers with HIV are likely to transmit the virus to their babies during pregnancy, delivery, or through breastfeeding. According to studies, the risk of mother-to-child HIV transmission among mothers that do not receive any form of treatment during pregnancy is approximately 15-45%. In Indonesia, the lack of a prevention program for HIV led to the provision of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT). The policies, financial facilities, the healthcare system, and human resources, including health workers, are factors that influence the PMTCT. This research discusses the perceptions of several doctors and midwives regarding the prevention of mother-to-child transmission at public health centers. Furthermore, information regarding policies and implementation of the PMTCT program at public health centers in Yogyakarta was qualitatively collected through semi-structured interviews.

Methods:
This research involved 6 participants, comprising of 3 heads of public health centers and 3 midwives as the HIV/AIDS program managers. A total of 5 themes were selected for the interview, namely policies of mandatory HIV testing for pregnant mothers, inadequate knowledge of the virus, need for PMTCT training, infrastructure and facilities, and HIV retesting.

Results:
Pregnant mothers are at potential risk of exposing health workers to HIV. They are also prone to contracting the virus due to poor educational background and less exposure to health information. Therefore, midwives need Prongs 3 and 4 to avoid contracting the virus while assisting pregnant mothers. Presently, there is a shortage of health promotion media for PMTCT, which include both electronic and print educational media. Therefore, the implementation of HIV testing in Indonesia is mandatory for pregnant mothers at their first antenatal care (ANC). However, despite the importance of conducting this test before labor, there is no regulation to ensure its implementation.

Conclusion:
The success of HIV mitigation is closely associated with the participation of academicians, policymakers, and community networks in providing collaborative planning strategies for the reduction of its spread, and evaluation of the mitigation result.
Interaction of a singular surface with a strong shock in the interstellar gas clouds
Authors: Jena Jasobanta , Mittal Sheena 
Published: November 2021

We investigate the interaction between a singular surface and a strong shock in the self-gravitating interstellar gas clouds with the assumption of spherical symmetry. Using the method of the Lie group of transformations, a particular solution of the flow variables and the cooling–heating function for an infinitely strong shock is obtained. This paper explores an application of the singular surface theory in the evolution of an acceleration wave front propagating through an unperturbed medium. We discuss the formation of an acceleration, considering the cases of compression and expansion waves. The influence of the cooling–heating function on a shock formation is explained. The results of a collision between a strong shock and an acceleration wave are discussed using the Lax evolutionary conditions.

doi:10.1017/S1446181121000328
A Randomized Crossover Trial Comparing Glucose Control During Moderate-Intensity, High-Intensity, and Resistance Exercise With Hybrid Closed-Loop Insulin Delivery While Profiling Potential Additional Signals in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Paldus Barbora , Morrison Dale , Zaharieva Dessi P. , Lee Melissa H. , Jones Hannah , Obeyesekere Varuni , Lu Jean , Vogrin Sara , La Gerche André , McAuley Sybil A. , MacIsaac Richard J. , Jenkins Alicia J. , Ward Glenn M. , Colman Peter , Smart Carmel E.M. , Seckold Rowen , King Bruce R. , Riddell Michael C. , O’Neal David N. 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE
To compare glucose control with hybrid closed-loop (HCL) when challenged by high intensity exercise (HIE), moderate intensity exercise (MIE), and resistance exercise (RE) while profiling counterregulatory hormones, lactate, ketones, and kinetic data in adults with type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This study was an open-label multisite randomized crossover trial. Adults with type 1 diabetes undertook 40 min of HIE, MIE, and RE in random order while using HCL (Medtronic MiniMed 670G) with a temporary target set 2 h prior to and during exercise and 15 g carbohydrates if pre-exercise glucose was &lt;126 mg/dL to prevent hypoglycemia. Primary outcome was median (interquartile range) continuous glucose monitoring time-in-range (TIR; 70–180 mg/dL) for 14 h post–exercise commencement. Accelerometer data and venous glucose, ketones, lactate, and counterregulatory hormones were measured for 280 min post–exercise commencement.

RESULTS
Median TIR was 81% (67, 93%), 91% (80, 94%), and 80% (73, 89%) for 0–14 h post–exercise commencement for HIE, MIE, and RE, respectively (n = 30), with no difference between exercise types (MIE vs. HIE; P = 0.11, MIE vs. RE, P = 0.11; and HIE vs. RE, P = 0.90). Time-below-range was 0% for all exercise bouts. For HIE and RE compared with MIE, there were greater increases, respectively, in noradrenaline (P = 0.01 and P = 0.004), cortisol (P &lt; 0.001 and P = 0.001), lactate (P ≤ 0.001 and P ≤ 0.001), and heart rate (P = 0.007 and P = 0.015). During HIE compared with MIE, there were greater increases in growth hormone (P = 0.024).

CONCLUSIONS
Under controlled conditions, HCL provided satisfactory glucose control with no difference between exercise type. Lactate, counterregulatory hormones, and kinetic data differentiate type and intensity of exercise, and their measurement may help inform insulin needs during exercise. However, their potential utility as modulators of insulin dosing will be limited by the pharmacokinetics of subcutaneous insulin delivery.
Analisis Teknik Dasar Pukulan Dalam Permainan Bulutangkis
Authors: Subarkah Ari , Marani Ika Novitaria 
Published: November 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui: 1. Teknik dasar pukulan dalam permainan bulutangkis, dan 2. Teknik dasar pukulan yang dominan digunakan dalam permainan bulutangkis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan teknik survei. Populasi penelitian adalah semua pemain yang mengikuti pertandingan bulutangkis HSBC World Tour Final Tahun 2019. Sedangkan teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah teknik purposive sampling, sehingga sampel yang digunakan adalah pasangan ganda putra Indonesia yang mengikuti pertandingan tersebut. Teknik pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara melakukan pengamatan video yang ada di Youtube pada pertandingan bulutangkis HSBC World Tour Final Tahun 2019 dan kemudian memasukkannya ke dalam tabel yang disesuaikan dengan teknik dasar bermain bulutangkis yang dilakukan selama pertandingan. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis statistic deskriptif. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini adalah: 1. Teknik dasar pukulan overhead sebanyak 26%, pukulan netting sebanyak 19%, pukulan drive sebanyak 37% dan pukulan service sebanyak 18%. 2. Teknik dasar pukulan yang dominan digunakan dalam permainan bulutangkis pada pertandingan bulutangkis HSBC World Tour Final Tahun 2019 adalah pukulan drive forehand. Sehingga disarankan kepada para pelatih untuk selalu melakukan latihan untuk melatih semua teknik dasar pukulan terutama teknik dasar pukulan yang dianggap bisa mematikan lawan sehingga bisa memenangkan pertandingan bulutangkis.
El sol, de Carballido: novela de la iniciación
Authors: Rufinelli Jorge , Pino Méndez Antonio , Ramos Luis Arturo , Ventura Sandoval Juan , González Levet Sergio 
Published: November 2021

Con el objetivo principal de mostrar cómo la problemática de las iniciaciones humanas permeó El sol, los integrantes del Seminario de Lectura Crítica atendieron además diversos aspectos temáticos y técnicos de las novelas precedentes: La veleta oxidada, El norte y Las visitaciones del diablo. El análisis de estas obras les reveló algunos de los elementos invariantes: el conflicto depende siempre de los triángulos amorosos –presididos por la mujer en tanto centro del conflicto–, el espacio preferido es la provincia, el grupo social más atendido es la clase media, el equilibrio vivencial de los protagonistas cae cuando llega a su mundo un extranjero, lo simbólico y lo mítico contribuyen al diseño narrativo –dominado por combinaciones binarias: pureza/pecado, conocimiento/ignorancia, etc.–, la linealidad diegética cede el espacio a la alternancia de temporalidades, las atmósferas propiciatorias son usuales, como lo es también la naturaleza. Esos elementos invariantes sostienen, sin ser los únicos, el arte de narrar de Emilio Carballido. El sol, by Carballido: initiation novelAbstractWith the main objective of showing how the problems of human initiations permeated El Sol, the members of the Critical Reading Seminar also attended diverse thematic and technical aspects of preceding novels: La veleta oxidada, El norte and Las visitaciones del diablo. The analysis of these works revealed some of the invariant elements: the conflict always depends on the love triangles –presided over by women as the center of the conflict–, the preferred space is the province, the most attended social group is the middle class, the experiential balance of the protagonists falls when a foreigner enters their world, the symbolic and the mythical contribute to the narrative design –dominated by binary combinations: purity/sin, knowledge/ignorance, etc.– diegetic linearity gives space to the temporalities alternations, propitiatory atmospheres are common, as is also nature. These invariant elements sustain Emilio Carballido’s narrating art, and they are not the only one.
Literatura y liberación en América Latina
Authors: Revueltas José 
Published: November 2021

Esta disertación gira en torno a la relación literatura y sociedad. La propuesta central es la literatura no está separada de la vida social. Incluso, la libertad de aquélla depende de la vida libre de ésta. Sólo así es posible el nacimiento de una literatura nacional con vocación universal, siempre y cuando esta literatura nacional cumpla con aspectos fundamentales: tener una fisonomía propia, nacida de las particularidades históricas, expresadas éstas con un estilo singular. Las particularidades pueden buscarse en el pasado o en el presente de cada país; la singularidad, en cómo se expresan las características de la naturaleza y de la sociedad de ese país, sin desdeño de ninguna de las lenguas que hacen posible esa expresión. Muchos peligros acechan tal proceso hacia una fisonomía propia, espejismos también, y caídas, y extravíos, pero toda literatura nacional auténtica conquistará su universalidad –no se insertará en la universalidad de otras literaturas–, dejando atrás imposiciones colonialistas, imitaciones burdas o finas, artificios y modas.Literature and liberation in Latin AmericaAbstractThis dissertation spins around the relationship between literature and society. The central idea is that literature is not separated from social life, the liberty of that one depends on the free life of the latter. Only this way, is the birth of a national literature with a universal vocation possible, as long as this national literature complies with fundamental aspects: having its own physical anatomy, born from historical particularities, expressed in a singular style. These particularities can be looked for in each countries’ past or present; the singularity, in how the characteristics of the nature and society of that country are expressed without disdain for any of the languages that make such expression possible. Many dangers threaten the process towards its own physical anatomy, mirages as well, and a falls and losses, but all authentic national literature will conquer its universality –it will not be inserted into the universality of other literatures–, leaving behind colonialist impositions, crude or fine imitations, artifices and fashions.
El estatuto del personaje
Authors: Prada Oropeza Renato 
Published: November 2021

Este artículo centra su atención en el personaje y su configuración en los discursos narrativos literarios; se explica su constitución en los distintos niveles del texto y el recorrido que sigue hasta alcanzar dicho estatuto: un ser que no es de carne y hueso, sino de papel, un signo codificado del discurso narrativo. Antes de alcanzar su máxima expresión en la obra literaria –máximo construido textualmente con un nombre, un físico, una psicología y una visión de mundo; con su pertenencia a una comunidad precisa, donde asume diversas interrelaciones, entornada por una puntual naturaleza–, este signo es alimentado por el actante y por el actor. Después, ya como personaje, despliega al protagonista, antagonista, testigo y personaje secundario. Así, con sus precedentes y consecuentes textuales, el personaje, en tanto signo, pertenece al sistema narrativo, distinto del sistema de la vida histórica y social real, marco donde debe ubicársele para su estudio.The character’s statuteAbstractThis essay centers its attention in the character and its configuration in narrative literary discourses; what constitutes it is here explained in the different levels of the text and the course it follows until reaching that statute: someone who is not of flesh and bones, but of paper, a codified sign in the narrative discourse. Before reaching a maximum expression in the literary work –constructed textually with a name, a physical appearance, a psychology and a vision of the world; with a precise belonging to a community, where it assumes various interrelations, surrounded by a specific nature–, this sign is faced by the actant and by the actor. Then, as a character, it unfolds the protagonist, antagonist, witness and secondary character. Thus, with its precedents and textual consequences, the character, as a sign, belongs to the narrative system, different from the real historical and social life system, a framework where it must be contextualized for its study.
Discusión de la metáfora
Authors: Sánchez-Mora Elena 
Published: November 2021

Este trabajo es una revisión teórica del concepto de metáfora, más allá de su concepción como figura retórica. El punto de partida es la recuperación de los conceptos de metáfora y metonimia, tal y como los concibe Jakobson, es decir, como términos dicotómicos no restringidos a la poesía, pero fundamentales para el análisis poético. En “Two Aspects of Language and Two Types of Aphasic Disturbances”, Jakobson observa una preponderancia del proceso metafórico en las tendencias romántica y simbolista del arte y una preferencia por la metonimia en la tendencia realista. Se expone, también, la crítica de Ruegg y su análisis de la teoría de Lacan en torno a la metáfora. Se incluyen las aportaciones de Edeline a la relación metáfora-mito y de Cohen a la relación lógica-figuras retóricas. Finalmente, se menciona la crítica de A. Johnson a Jakobson, seguida de un breve análisis de dos textos de Eco. Discussion about the metaphorAbstractThis work is a theoretical review of metaphor concept beyond its conception as a rhetorical figure. The starting point is the recovery of the concepts of metaphor and metonymy as conceived by Jakobson, that is, as dichotomous terms not restricted to poetry, but fundamental to poetic analysis. In “Two Aspects of Language and Two Types of Aphasic Disturbances”, Jakobson observes a preponderance of metaphorical process in the romantic and symbolist tendencies of art and a preference for metonymy in the realist tendency. Ruegg’s critique and his analysis of Lacan’s theory around metaphor are also exposed. Edeline’s contributions to metaphor-myth relationship and Cohen’s to logic-figures of speech are included. Finally, A. Johnson’s critique is made, followed by a brief analysis of two texts by Eco.
Android Based Learning Media for Dyscalculia Children at Nurul Jadid Islamic Boarding School
Authors: Itqan Moh Syadidul , Rosida Mida , Azizah Dini Melinda Ulfatul 
Published: November 2021

A conditions that are different from other Normal Children in terms of mental, physical, and social characteristics called Children with Special Needs. Dyscalculia is a term referring to a wide range of difficulties with mathematics, including weaknesses in understanding the meaning of numbers, and difficulty applying mathematical principles to solve problems. The difference in conditions with other normal children, required a different approach in Teaching and Learning Activities of the other Normal Children. One of these different approaches is to use mobile learning devices as an effective learning media for Children with Special Needs to realize the material presented by the Teacher. This research was carried out for the 2020/2021 Students at Junior High School of Nurul Jadid, Karang Anyar Paiton Probolinggo. The purpose of this research is to produce an android application to help Children with Special Needs learn. This research method is research and development. The result of this research is that an android application has been produced as an effective learning media for children with special needs.
Resveratrol in pandemic: irritable bowel syndrome and obesity
Authors: Пальцын А.А. , Свиридкина Н.Б. 
Published: November 2021

Ресвератрол - полифенол, присутствующий во многих ягодах, фруктах, орехах - объект многих тысяч публикаций, в большинстве которых описываются его положительные влияния на различные аспекты здоровья, и даже на продолжительность жизни. В лекции обсуждаются данные о возможности и механизмах профилактического и лечебного действия содержащегося в пище ресвератрола при двух пандемиях: синдроме раздражённого кишечника и ожирении. В публикациях указывается, что около 90% поглощённого с пищей ресвератрола в неизменённом виде достигает толстого кишечника. Здесь ресвератрол включается в метаболизм микробиоты. Бактериологический анализ результатов его действия обнаруживает существенные изменения в количественном соотношении нескольких видов бактерий. Этими изменениями сегодня объясняют многочисленные благоприятные для здоровья результаты приема ресвератрола: стимулируется синтез глюкагоноподобного пептида-1; стимулируется секреция инсулина, снижается концентрация глюкозы в крови; нормализуется липидный обмен; подавляется воспаление; увеличивается синтез короткоцепочечных жирных кислот (бутирата); ускоряется превращение белого жира в бурый. Описаны антиобесогенный, антидиабетический, антиоксидантный, антивоспалительный, антивозрастной, антиатерогенный, антигипертензивный, кардиопротективный, антираковый эффекты ресвератрола. Исследования действия ресвератрола демонстрируют мощное и разностороннее влияние кишечной микробиоты на качество и продолжительность жизни.
Resveratrol is a polyphenol found in many berries, fruits, and nuts. It has been addressed in many thousands of publications, most of which describe its positive effects on various aspects of health and even on life expectancy. This review discusses possibilities and mechanisms of preventive and therapeutic actions of dietary resveratrol in two pandemics, irritable bowel syndrome and obesity. It has been reported that about 90% of resveratrol consumed with food reaches the large intestine unchanged and includes into metabolism of the gut microbiota. Bacteriological analysis of the resveratrol effect reveals significant changes in quantitative ratios of several types of bacteria. These changes are currently considered to account for numerous health benefits of resveratrol supplementation, such as stimulation of glucagon-like peptide-1 synthesis and insulin production; decrease in blood glucose; improvement of lipid metabolism; suppression of inflammation; increased synthesis of short-chain fatty acids (butyrate); and accelerated conversion of white fat into brown fat. Also, antiobesity, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, anti-atherogenic, antihypertensive, cardioprotective, and anticancer effects of resveratrol are described. Research into the effects of resveratrol demonstrates powerful and versatile effects of gut microbiota on quality of life and longevity.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE SWEETENERS DOSAGES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHOCOLATE WITH PREBIOTIC PROPERTIES
Authors: КРАСИН П.С. , ЧЕРНЫХ И.А. , КАЛМАНОВИЧ С.А. , КРАСИНА И.Б. 
Published: November 2021

Рассмотрена возможность замены сахарозы в составе шоколада комбинацией инулина (IN), полидекстрозы (PD), мальтодекстрина (MD) и стевиозида (0,04% мас./мас.) для получения шоколада с пребиотическими свойствами. Исследованы физико-химические, механические и сенсорные свойства 16 образцов шоколадных масс с разным соотношением сахарозаменителей и без них. Установлено, что образцы шоколадных масс с высоким содержанием PD и MD были более влажными и мягкими, чем контрольный образец без внесения сахарозаменителей. Образец шоколада с большим количеством MD получил низкую органолептическую оценку, тогда как добавки PD и IN, внесенные в образцы шоколада, заметно улучшали общее впечатление от потребления продукта. Оптимальная рецептура шоколада определена с использованием метода симплекс-решетчатого планирования. Оптимальный диапазон дозировок для IN, PD и MD составил, %: 14–32 и 71–84, 7–26 и 67–77 и 0–20 соответственно. Полученный продукт обладает пребиотическими свойствами, имеет достаточно низкую энергетическую ценность и хорошие потребительские свойства.
The possibility of replacing sucrose in chocolate combination inulin (IN), polydextrose (PD), maltodextrin (MD) and stevioside (0.04% wt./wt.) for obtaining of chocolate with prebiotic properties was considered. Physico-chemical, mechanical and sensory properties of 16 samples of chocolate mass with a different ratio of sweeteners and without them was investigated. It was found that samples of chocolate masses with a high content of PD and MD were wetter and softer than the control sample without the introduction of sweeteners. A sample of chocolate with a large amount of MD received a low organoleptic evaluation, whereas additives PD and in, included in the samples of chocolate, significantly improved the overall impression of the consumption of the product. The optimal chocolate formulation was determined using simplex grating planning. The optimal dosages range for IN, PD and MD was, %: 14–32 and 71–84, 7–26 and 67–77 and 0–20 respectively. The resulting product has prebiotic properties, a fairly low energy value and good consumer properties.