bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Arabic short‐form version of the Family Impact Scale (FIS‐8)
Authors: Mansur Eman K. M. , Thomson William M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundOral diseases can have a negative impact on both children and their families. The Family Impact Scale (FIS) is a commonly used measure to evaluate the parent/caregiver's perception of the impact of children's oral health on the family. A short‐form version (the FIS‐8) has been developed and translated into Arabic.AimTo evaluate the validity and reliability of the FIS‐8.DesignCross‐sectional study of a random sample of two hundred and forty‐six 12 years‐old Libyan schoolchildren and their parents/caregivers (in 2019). Parents/caregivers completed questionnaires while their children underwent clinical examinations for dental caries experience and gingival status. Internal consistency of the FIS‐8 was assessed. For discriminant validity, overall score and subscale scores of FIS‐8 were compared across categorised oral disease levels. Construct validity was tested by assessing the associations of overall score and subscale scores with global ratings of overall well‐being. Test‐retest reliability was evaluated using a random sample of 10% of participants.ResultsThe overall summary scale and subscales of FIS‐8 succeeded in discriminating among ordinal categories of child dental caries experience, and a clear gradient was observed in mean FIS‐8 scores across gingival status categories. There were moderate, positive correlations between the parents' and caregivers’ overall score and subscale scores and the ratings for overall well‐being (r = 0.39). The overall scale showed acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.79) and excellent test‐retest reliability (ICC = 0.93).ConclusionsThe Arabic version of the FIS‐8 demonstrated acceptable properties and is likely to be suitable for wider use.
Thermally stimulated depolarization current measurements on degraded lead zirconate titanate films
Authors: Akkopru‐Akgun Betul , Marincel Daniel M. , Tsuji Kosuke , Bayer Thorsten J. M. , Randall Clive A. , Lanagan Michael T. , Trolier‐McKinstry Susan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCharge transport mechanisms governing DC resistance degradation in ferroelectric films are influenced by defects, particularly oxygen vacancies. This paper demonstrates that oxygen vacancies migrate in lead zirconate titanate (PZT) films under a DC bias field and contribute to resistance degradation. Model PZT thin films were developed in which the concentration and distribution of oxygen vacancies were controlled via (a) changing the dopant type and concentration from 1%–4% Mn (acceptor) to 1%–4% Nb (donor) or (b) annealing undoped PZT films at varying partial pressures of PbO. The presence of associated (immobile) and dissociated (mobile) oxygen vacancies was distinguished by thermally stimulated depolarization current (TSDC) measurements. The impact of mobile oxygen vacancies on local defect chemistry and associated charge transport mechanisms was explored by electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). For Mn‐doped PZT films, following resistance degradation, TSDC studies revealed only one depolarization peak with an activation energy of 0.6–0.8 eV; this peak was associated with ionic space charge presumably due to migration of oxygen vacancies. The magnitude of the depolarization current peak increased with increasing degradation times. A similar depolarization current peak attributed to the existence of mobile oxygen vacancies was also observed for undoped and Nb‐doped PZT films; the magnitude of this peak decreased as the Nb or PbO contents in PZT films increased. An additional TSDC peak associated with polaron hopping between Ti3+ and Ti4+ was found in both Nb‐doped PZT films and undoped PZT films annealed under low PbO partial pressure. Degraded Nb‐doped samples exhibited a chemical shift in the TiL2,3 peak to lower energy losses and the appearance of shoulders on the t2g and eg peaks, implying a reduction of Ti cations in regions near the cathode.
The effect of Internet addiction on eating attitude and body image in university students
Authors: Ayran Gülsün , Süleyman Zeynep , Avcı Ümit , Arık Umut 
Published: May 2021

AbstractProblemThe research was carried out to determine the effect of internet addiction on eating attitude and body perception.MethodsThis study is descriptive, conducted with undergraduate students (n = 400) in a university in eastern Turkey. The data were collected by using Descriptive Questionnaire, Young Internet Addiction Test—Short‐Form (YIAT‐SF), Eating Attitude Test 26 (EAT‐26), and Body Cathexis Scale (BCS). In addition, students' height and weight measurements were collected.FindingsIt was determined that there was positively at a very weak level a significant correlation between YIAT‐SF total score and EAT‐26 total score. There was a negative, weak significant correlation between the total score of YIAT‐SF and the BCS total score (p < 0.05).ConclusionsIn students, internet addiction is related to eating behavior disorder and reduces satisfaction with body image. For this reason, education programs should be organized by health professionals to prevent internet addiction and psychological and physiological problems related to excessive internet use.
Predictive value of attended automated office blood pressure and resting pulse rate for mortality in community‐dwelling octogenarians: Minhang study
Authors: Wang Yan , Chen Ling , Cheng Minna , Wang Yajuan , An Dewei , Cai Enheng , Wang Yuheng , Zhang Jin , Tang Xiaofeng , Li Yan , Zhu Dingliang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSystolic blood pressure (SBP) and resting pulse rate (RPR) have been linked to mortality and cardiovascular events in younger population. Till now, no studies simultaneously investigate the non‐linear association of SBP and RPR with all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality among population aged 80 and older. Data of 2828 eligible participants were selected from electronic health records linked attended automated office blood pressure measurement system. The dose‐response relationship between the SBP, RPR, and the risk of all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality was analyzed by Cox model with restricted cubic splines. During the 3.6‐year follow‐up, 442 deaths occurred. Comparing with the optimal SBP (117‐145 mmHg), the lower (HR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.07‐1.81) and higher SBP (HR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.08‐1.65) were significantly associated with an increasing risk of all‐cause mortality. The higher SBP (>144 mmHg) was associated with cardiovascular mortality, with the HR (95% CI) as 1.51 (1.07‐2.12). The faster RPR showed the higher risk of all‐cause (HR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.05‐1.76) and cardiovascular (HR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.07‐2.13) mortality. We found both higher SBP and faster RPR were independently associated with all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality, and lower SBP was only associated with the increased risk of all‐cause mortality in oldest old community‐dwelling Chinese population. Our results demonstrate the prognostic importance of both SBP and RPR in the elderly.
Prognostic value of tumour microenvironment‐related genes by TCGA database in rectal cancer
Authors: Li Chao , Liu Tao , Liu Yi , Zhang Jiantao , Zuo Didi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRectal cancer is a common malignant tumour and the progression is highly affected by the tumour microenvironment (TME). This study intended to assess the relationship between TME and prognosis, and explore prognostic genes of rectal cancer. The gene expression profile of rectal cancer was obtained from TCGA and immune/stromal scores were calculated by Estimation of Stromal and Immune cells in Malignant Tumors using Expression data (ESTIMATE) algorithm. The correlation between immune/stromal scores and survival time as well as clinical characteristics were evaluated. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified according to the stromal/immune scores, and the functional enrichment analyses were conducted to explore functions and pathways of DEGs. The survival analyses were conducted to clarify the DEGs with prognostic value, and the protein‐protein interaction (PPI) network was performed to explore the interrelation of prognostic DEGs. Finally, we validated prognostic DEGs using data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database by PrognoScan, and we verified these genes at the protein levels using the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) databases. We downloaded gene expression profiles of 83 rectal cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The Kaplan‐Meier plot demonstrated that low‐immune score was associated with worse clinical outcome (P = .034), metastasis (M1 vs. M0, P = .031) and lymphatic invasion (+ vs. ‐, P < .001). A total of 540 genes were screened as DEGs with 539 up‐regulated genes and 1 down‐regulated gene. In addition, 60 DEGs were identified associated with overall survival. Functional enrichment analyses and PPI networks showed that the DEGs are mainly participated in immune process, and cytokine‐cytokine receptor interaction. Finally, 19 prognostic genes were verified by GSE17536 and GSE17537 from GEO, and five genes (ADAM23, ARHGAP20, ICOS, IRF4, MMRN1) were significantly different in tumour tissues compared with normal tissues at the protein level. In summary, our study demonstrated the associations between TME and prognosis as well as clinical characteristics of rectal cancer. Moreover, we explored and verified microenvironment‐related genes, which may be the potential key prognostic genes of rectal cancer. Further clinical samples and functional studies are needed to validate this finding.
Krϋppel‐like factor 15 suppresses renal glomerular mesangial cell proliferation via enhancing P53 SUMO1 conjugation
Authors: Wu Lingling , Li Ou , Zhu Fengge , Wang Xu , Chen Pu , Cai Guangyan , Chen Xiangmei , Hong Quan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMesangial cell (MC) proliferation is a key pathological feature in a number of common human renal diseases, including mesangial proliferative nephritis and diabetic nephropathies. Knowledge of MC responses to pathological stimuli is crucial to the understanding of these disease processes. We previously determined that Krϋppel‐like factor 15 (KLF15), a kidney‐enriched zinc‐finger transcription factor, was required for inhibition of MC proliferation. In the present study, we investigated the direct target gene and the underlying mechanism by which KLF15 regulated mesangial proliferation. First, we screened small ubiquitin‐related modifier 1 (SUMO1) as the direct transcriptional target of KLF15 and validated this finding with ChIP‐PCR and luciferase assays. Furthermore, we demonstrated that overexpressing KLF15 or SUMO1 enhanced the stability of P53, which blocked the cell cycle of human renal MCs (HRMCs) and therefore abolished cell proliferation. Conversely, knockdown of SUMO1 in HRMCs, even those overexpressed with KLF15, could not inhibit HRMC proliferation rates and increase SUMOylation of P53. Finally, the results showed that the levels of SUMOylated P53 in the kidney cortices of anti‐Thy 1 model rats were decreased during proliferation periods. These findings reveal the critical mechanism by which KLF15 targets SUMO1 to mediate the proliferation of MCs.
Experimental tests of selection against heterospecific aggression as a driver of avian colour pattern divergence
Authors: Kenyon Haley L. , Martin Paul R. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSignal divergence is thought to reduce the costs of co‐occurrence for closely related species and may thereby be important in the generation and maintenance of new biodiversity. In birds, closely related, sympatric species are more divergent in their colour patterns than those that live apart, but the selective pressures driving sympatric divergence in colour pattern are not well‐understood. Here, we conducted field experiments on naïve birds using spectrometer‐matched, painted, 3D‐printed models to test whether selection against heterospecific aggression might drive colour pattern divergence in the genus Poecile. We found that territorial male black‐capped chickadees (P. atricapillus) are equally likely to attack sympatric and allopatric congeners, and wintering flocks are equally likely to visit feeders occupied by sympatric and allopatric congeners, despite sympatric congeners being more divergent in colour pattern. These results suggest that either the concerted evolution of additional traits (e.g. discrimination), or interactions in sympatry that promote learning, is required if colour pattern divergence among sympatric species is to reduce heterospecific aggression. Alternatively, colour pattern divergence among sympatric species may be caused by other selective pressures, such as selection against hybridization or habitat partitioning and secondary signal adaptation.
Three‐day postoperative antibiotics reduces post‐hepatectomy infection rate in hepatitis B virus‐related hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Chen Zebin , Jiang Hong , Wang Yuanqi , Liang Ruiming , Xu Lixia , Lai Jiaming , Shen Jingxian , Li Jiali , Li Dongming , Li Shaoqiang , Lei Kai , Zhou Qian , Peng Baogang , Peng Hong , Peng Sui , Kuang Ming 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackground and AimThe evidences for use of postoperative antibiotics (POA) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who underwent hepatectomy are controversial. We aimed to explore the relationship between POA and hepatectomy‐related infection in a hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐related HCC population.MethodsWe retrospectively collected 934 HCC patients who underwent hepatectomy for curative intent from three tertiary hospitals in China. The incidences of postoperative infection including surgical site infection and remote site infection were recorded and calculated. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to explore related factors of postoperative infection and POA. And the relationship between infection rates with different durations of POA was investigated.ResultsThe overall infection rate was 8.2% (77/934), including 6.5% (61/934) of surgical site infection and 2.0% (19/934) of remote site infection. Multivariable analysis revealed that the administration of POA was negatively related with the incidence of postoperative infection significantly (odds ratio = 0.50, 95% confidence interval = 0.30 to 0.83; P = 0.008). Albumin‐bilirubin score, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage and extent of hepatectomy were independently related to the POA. And 3‐day regimen seemed to be the shortest duration of POA to gain the lowest incidence of postoperative infection.ConclusionsPostoperative antibiotic is necessary for HBV‐related HCC patients to prevent postoperative infection, especially for those with higher albumin‐bilirubin score, at BCLC stage B–C, or who underwent major hepatectomy. For HBV‐related HCC patients, postoperative second‐generation cephalosporins, or ceftriaxone for 3 days after surgery might be proper.
Cardiovascular disease among pregnant women after anticancer therapy
Authors: Aoki‐Kamiya Chizuko , Shioyama Wataru , Nakagawa Yoshihisa , Yoshimatsu Jun 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRecent advances in cancer therapies have enabled many women diagnosed with malignancies during childhood and adolescence to survive longer and therefore to reach an age where they wish to conceive. When providing cancer treatment such as anticancer drugs and radiotherapy, attention is often paid to preserving future fertility, but little is known about maternal pregnancy risks, and in particular cardiovascular complications. Recent studies have shown that cardiovascular diseases such as cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and arrhythmias often occur during and soon after anticancer therapy. This has led to the emergence of the specialized field of “onco‐cardiology” or “cardio‐oncology,” in which oncologists and cardiologists collaborate, as well as the publication of multiple clinical practice guidelines. The interdisciplinary onco‐cardiology team plays an important role in further improving the prognosis of cancer survivors. The current recommendation for women after anticancer therapy who wish to conceive is to undergo cardiovascular screening, regardless of whether there is a history of cardiovascular complications or not, in order to provide preconception counseling. Pregnancies in cancer‐survivors, who experience cardiovascular complications, should be managed perinatally by a multidisciplinary team including obstetricians and cardiologists. Absence of cardiovascular disease on screening does not preclude the possibility that new cardiac dysfunction may occur during the perinatal period, especially in women with a history of high‐dose anthracycline drug administration and/or radiation therapy. In such high‐risk cases, follow‐up of cardiac function throughout the perinatal period is required.
Mindfulness and positive activities at work: Intervention effects on motivation‐related constructs, sleep quality, and fatigue
Authors: Michel Alexandra , Groß Clarissa , Hoppe Annekatrin , González‐Morales M. Gloria , Steidle Anna , O’Shea Deirdre 
Published: May 2021

Positive psychology research is increasingly being transferred to organizational contexts, and organizations are increasingly striving for healthier and more motivated employees. In this study, a three‐week self‐instructed online intervention which combines positive activities and mindfulness was developed and evaluated using a randomized‐controlled group design with employees. All exercises could be easily integrated into the daily working routine. The intervention is based on broaden‐and‐build theory, the two‐component model of mindfulness and the positive‐activity model. Results indicate that the intervention is effective in increasing work engagement, hope and sleep quality as well as in reducing fatigue. Practical implications for human resource departments and corporate health management are discussed.Practitioner points

A three‐week mindfulness intervention can increase work engagement, hope, sleep quality, and reduce fatigue.

Such activities can easily be integrated into the workday and thus, represent a realistic way for employees to improve motivation and reduce health impairment.

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Customer heterogeneity and innovation‐based competitive strategy: A review, synthesis, and research agenda
Authors: Wijekoon Amali , Salunke Sandeep , Athaide Gerard A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractManaging customer heterogeneity (CH), that is, differences among customers (e.g., consumers, business firms) is an important, yet challenging consideration for firms seeking innovation‐based competitive advantage. To facilitate better understanding of the opportunities and challenges that CH presents, we conducted a systematic review of the literature linking CH with innovation‐based competitive advantage. Initially, we synthesize extant CH literature to propose a multidimensional conceptualization and definition of the CH construct comprising three dimensions: customer need heterogeneity, customer knowledge heterogeneity, and customer relationship heterogeneity. Customer need heterogeneity refers to the extent to which customers’ needs/preferences for a product offering differ from each other, customer knowledge heterogeneity indicates the degree to which customers have different knowledge levels regarding how their needs can be satisfied, and customer relationship heterogeneity indicates the extent to which customers have different preferences toward engaging in relationships with the firm. Next, we present an integrative summary of the empirically tested as well as theoretically proposed links between each CH dimension and its antecedents/outcomes. Finally, we draw upon the paradox literature to identify specific tensions associated with each CH dimension and rely on the dynamic capabilities literature to suggest how these tensions can be effectively managed. Collectively, we contribute to the emerging resource‐based perspective of CH by offering a propositional model of how CH can be managed for innovation‐based competitive advantage.
Modest sleep restriction does not influence steps, physical activity intensity or glucose tolerance in obese adults
Authors: Porter Jay W. , Pettit‐Mee Ryan J. , Emerson Travis S. , McCrae Christina S. , Lastra Guido , Vieira‐Potter Victoria J. , Parks Elizabeth J. , Kanaley Jill A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSleep restriction (SR) (<6 h) and physical activity (PA) are risk factors for obesity, but little work has examined the inter‐related influences of both risk factors. In a free‐living environment, 13 overweight/obese adults were sleep restricted for five nights to 6 h time‐in‐bed each night, with and without regular exercise (45 min/65% VO2max; counterbalanced design). Two days of recovery sleep followed SR. Subjects were measured during a mixed meal tolerance test (MMT), resting metabolic rate, cognitive testing and fat biopsy (n=8). SR increased peak glucose response (+7.3 mg/dl, p = .04), elevated fasting non‐esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations (+0.1 mmol/L, p = .001) and enhanced fat oxidation (p < .001) without modifying step counts or PA intensity. Inclusion of daily exercise increased step count (+4,700 steps/day, p < .001) and decreased the insulin response to a meal (p = .01) but did not prevent the increased peak glucose response or elevated NEFA levels. The weekend recovery period improved fasting glucose (p = .02), insulin (p = .02), NEFA concentrations (p = .001) and HOMA‐IR (p < .01) despite reduced steps (p < .01) and increased sedentary time (p < .01). Abdominal adipose tissue (AT) samples, obtained after baseline, SR and exercise, did not differ in lipolytic capacity following SR. Fatty acid synthase protein content tended to increase following SR (p = .07), but not following exercise. In a free‐living setting, SR adversely affected circulating NEFAs, fuel oxidation and peak glucose response but did not directly affect glucose tolerance or AT lipolysis. SR‐associated metabolic impairments were not mitigated by exercise, yet recovery sleep completely rescued its adverse effects on glucose metabolism.
Geographical indications as a strategy for market enhancement‐lessons from rice GIs in Kerala
Authors: Radhika Aalthady Maloor , Thomas K. Jesy , Raju Rajesh K. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractGeographical indication (GI) is a collective right and its success depends largely on collective action of the target groups and effective governance by the implementing agency. The present study highlights the shortcomings in the institutional, technical and participatory aspects of GIs in the Indian context using the Institutional Analysis and Development framework. The rice GIs of Kerala viz., Navara Rice, Palakkadan Matta Rice, Pokkali Rice, Wayanad Jeerakasala Rice, Wayanad Gandhakasala Rice, and Kaipad Rice are selected for the study. The objective of GI recognition was achieved from the protection point of view, but as the registered proprietors has not initiated participatory process with regard to marketing and promotion no effects in this regard is achieved except Kaipad rice. The average prices of all the rice GIs in Kerala have increased post GI registration. But the question is that whether the price was sufficient to sustain the farming of these specialty rice. These products reach the end consumers at a very high price, but these benefits are not reaching the producer. Lack of focussed interventions from the institutional arrangements post GI recognition has camouflaged the potential outcomes.