bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polygenic risk score validation using Korean genomes of 265 early-onset acute myocardial infarction patients and 636 healthy controls
Authors: Bhak Youngjune , Jeon Yeonsu , Jeon Sungwon , Yoon Changhan , Kim Min , Blazyte Asta , Kim Yeonkyung , Kang Younghui , Kim Changjae , Lee Sang Yeub , Bae Jang-Whan , Kim Weon , Kim Yeo Jin , Shim Jungae , Kim Nayeong , Chun Sung , Kim Byoung-Chul , Kim Byung Chul , Lee Semin , Bhak Jong , Shin Eun-Seok 
Published: February 2021

Background
The polygenic risk score (PRS) developed for coronary artery disease (CAD) is known to be effective for classifying patients with CAD and predicting subsequent events. However, the PRS was developed mainly based on the analysis of Caucasian genomes and has not been validated for East Asians. We aimed to evaluate the PRS in the genomes of Korean early-onset AMI patients (n = 265, age ≤50 years) following PCI and controls (n = 636) to examine whether the PRS improves risk prediction beyond conventional risk factors.

Results
The odds ratio of the PRS was 1.83 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.69–1.99) for early-onset AMI patients compared with the controls. For the classification of patients, the area under the curve (AUC) for the combined model with the six conventional risk factors (diabetes mellitus, family history of CAD, hypertension, body mass index, hypercholesterolemia, and current smoking) and PRS was 0.92 (95% CI: 0.90–0.94) while that for the six conventional risk factors was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.85–0.93). Although the AUC for PRS alone was 0.65 (95% CI: 0.61–0.69), adding the PRS to the six conventional risk factors significantly improved the accuracy of the prediction model (P = 0.015). Patients with the upper 50% of PRS showed a higher frequency of repeat revascularization (hazard ratio = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.47–3.26) than the others.

Conclusions
The PRS using 265 early-onset AMI genomes showed improvement in the identification of patients in the Korean population and showed potential for genomic screening in early life to complement conventional risk prediction.
SENTRALITAS JARINGAN TEMAN DAN ADAPTASI PSIKOLOGIS MAHASISWA BARU: IMPLEMENTASI SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS
Authors: Nurjaman Tabah Aris 
Published: February 2021

Salah satu tuntutan psikologis yang dihadapi mahasiswa baru adalah adaptasi pada lingkungan barunya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh sentralitas jaringan sosial terhadap adaptasi psikologis pada mahasiswa baru dalam dua tahap analisis. Tahap pertama dilakukan dengan implementasi Analisis Jejaring Sosial (AJS) untuk memperoleh data jaringan sosial, berupa sentralitas closeness, betweenness, eigenvector, information, dan power. Tahap uji pengaruh dilakukan dengan menggunakan regresi berganda dan regresi non-linier model kuadratik. Pengambilan data dilakukan terhadap 47 mahasiswa (Musia = 18,7 tahun; 81% wanita), yang baru menempuh satu setengah semester perkuliahan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner terbuka tentang lima teman terpercaya di kelas untuk analisis jejaring sosial dan kuesioner adaptasi Brief Psychological Adaptation Scale (BPAS) untuk mengukur adaptasi psikologis (8 aitem; α = 0,73). Hasil analisis jejaring sosial menunjukkan dominasi aktor-11 dan aktor-12 pada dua dari lima sentralitas jaringan sosial. Berdasarkan pengaruhnya, secara bersama-sama sentralitas mempengaruhi adaptasi psikologis pada mahasiswa baru, namun hanya sentralitas closeness dan power yang berkontribusi secara signifikan. Pengujian pengaruh tunggal, sentralitas information menjadi satu-satunya sentralitas jaringan yang berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap adaptasi psikologis.
Silencing XIST mitigated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory injury in human lung fibroblast WI-38 cells through modulating miR-30b-5p/CCL16 axis and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Xu Jiahui , Li Honggui , Lv Ying , Zhang Chang , Chen Yiting , Yu Dezhao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
Emerging evidence shows that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) has been a novel insight in various diseases, including pneumonia. Even though lncRNA X-inactive-specific transcript (XIST) is well studied, its role in pneumonia remains to be largely unrevealed.

Methods
Expression of XIST, miRNA-30b-5p (miR-30b-5p), and CC chemokine ligand 16 (CCL16) was detected using reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting; their interaction was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Apoptosis, inflammation, and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/NF-κB signaling pathway were measured using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay, flow cytometry, western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation decreased cell viability and B cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2 expression, and increased cell apoptosis rate and expression of Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), cleaved-caspase-3, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in WI-38 cells. Expression of XIST and CCL16 was upregulated in the serum of patients with pneumonia and LPS-induced WI-38 cells, respectively; silencing XIST and CCL16 could suppress LPS-induced apoptosis and inflammation in WI-38 cells, and this protection was abolished by miR-30b-5p downregulation. Moreover, XIST and CCL16 could physically bind to miR-30b-5p, and XIST regulated CCL16 expression via sponging miR-30b-5p. TLR4 and phosphorylated P65 (p-P65) and p-IκB-α were highly induced by LPS treatment, and this upregulation was diminished by blocking XIST, accompanied with CCL16 downregulation and miR-30b-5p upregulation.

Conclusions
Silencing XIST could alleviate LPS-induced inflammatory injury in human lung fibroblast WI-38 cells through modulating miR-30b-5p/CCL16 axis and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Effectuation (EF) and Causation (CS) on Venture Performance and Entrepreneurs’ Dispositions Affecting the Reliance on EF and CS
Authors: Yoon Jang Hyo , Cho Erin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This study investigates whether and how different decision logics (i.e., effectuation and causation) are linked to venture performance (i.e., annual average growth in revenue and profit as well as subjective assessments of venture performance and funding status). We also examine how dispositional characteristics of an entrepreneur (i.e., learning and performance goal orientations, ambiguity tolerance, desire for change, and locus of control) influence the use of different decision logics. The results indicate that causation has a significantly positive effect on revenue growth as well as subjective assessments of venture performance and funding status, while effectuation has a significantly negative effect on profit growth. We find that learning-goal orientation leads to a greater reliance on effectuation, while performance-goal orientation increases the use of causation. An internal locus of control positively affects the reliance on both effectuation and causation, while the desire for change increases the use of effectuation.
Design and analysis of pentaband annular microstrip antenna using multiport network modeling
Authors: Pradhan Suman , Gupta Bhaskar 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A slot loaded annular sector microstrip antenna having a pentaband operation is presented. The antenna has six resonant frequencies and the fourth band occurs between the fourth and fifth resonance. The radiation pattern is linearly polarized at all the frequencies. The radiation is broadside directed at the first three bands, tilted at the fourth and split at the fifth band. The resonant frequencies are located at 3.543 (Sub-6 GHz 5G band), 5.118 (ISM 5.2 GHz), 5.625 (WiMAX 5.8 GHz), 8.463, 9.534 and 11.25 GHz. Analysis of the structure is done using Multiport Network Modeling which fairly accurately predicts the resonant frequencies of the structure.
CFD-PBM simulation of hydrodynamics of microbubble column with shear-thinning fluid
Authors: Zhang Xi , Zhu Ping , Li Shuaichao , Fan Wenyuan , Lian Jingyan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A numerical simulation was performed to study the hydrodynamics of micro-bubble swarm in bubble column with polyacrylamide (PAM) aqueous solution by using computational fluid dynamics coupled with population balance models (CFD-PBM). By considering rheological characteristics of fluid, this approach was able to accurately predict the features of bubble swarm, and validated by comparing with the experimental results. The gas holdup, turbulent kinetic energy and liquid velocity of bubble column have been elucidated by considering the influences of superficial gas velocity and gas distributor size respectively. The results show that with the rise of the superficial gas velocity, the gas holdup and its peak width increase significantly. Especially, the curve peak corresponding to high gas velocity tends to drift obviously toward the right side. Except for the occurrence of a smooth holdup peak at the column center under the condition of the moderate distributor size, the gas holdups for the small and large distributor sizes become flat in the radial direction respectively. The distribution of turbulent kinetic energy presents an increasingly asymmetrical feature in the radial direction and also its variation amplitude enhances obviously with the rise of gas velocity. The increase in gas distributor size can enhance markedly turbulent kinetic energy as well as its overall influenced width. At the low and moderate superficial gas velocity, the curves of the liquid velocity in radial direction present the Gaussian distributions, whereas the perfect distribution always is broken in the symmetry for high gas velocity. Both liquid velocities around the bubble column center and the ones near both column walls go up consistently with the gas distributor size, especially near the walls at the large distributor size condition.
Better efficiency for the olefin plant demethanizer tower by replacing trays with packing
Authors: Barza Amir , Nguyen D. Duc , Pirouzfar Vahid , Su Chia-Hung 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe demethanizer tower of Kavian olefin plant had a problem in more than 77% of the nominal capacity. Its performance was reduced by flooding with considering the inside pressure drop and fluctuation of the bottom liquid level increase. For this reason, a study was performed and the simulation results (with PRO II and SULCOL) were successfully implemented. Finally, troubleshooting and practical solutions were compared with simulation results. In order to tower modifications, an instruction had been issued so that all 40 trays had to be completely discharged and then the tower was refilled with 16 ton packing. According to this solution, the volume of ethylene as final product was increases about 23% and reaches the designed nominal capacity.
Strain specific response of mice to IMQ-induced psoriasis
Authors: Badanthadka Murali , D’Souza Lidwin , Salwa Fathima 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Psoriasis is an autoimmune, inflammatory disease that needs a reliable animal model. Imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis is a widely used preclinical tool for psoriasis research. However, this model is sensitive to the genetic variation of mice. The present study explores mice’s genetic background on disease stability and severity induced by IMQ.

Methods
Three distinct strains of mice (Balb/c, C57BL/6, and Swiss albino) were divided into four groups (Vaseline, IMQ, IMQ+Clobetasol, and IMQ+Curcumin). Psoriasis area severity index (PASI) score, ear/back skin thickness, body weight alterations, and histopathological examination were employed to analyze disease severity. The spleen index studied the systemic effect. Strain effect on oxidative stress induced by IMQ was evaluated by estimating antioxidant factors, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione (GSH).

Results
IMQ application resulted in increased PASI score, thickness, and alterations in body weight, confirming disease development in all the mice. However, the disease stability/severity between these strains was not identical. Although IMQ application caused splenomegaly, IMQ+curcumin treated C57BL/6 mice demonstrated a synergistic effect of IMQ and curcumin on the spleen resulting in increased splenomegaly. Decreased cellular enzyme activity in SOD, Catalase, and levels of GSH was observed in IMQ challenged mice, indicating the participation of the redox system in the genesis of the disease that was comparable among the strains.

Conclusions
These results indicate the existence of strain-dependent development of the disease. The Swiss model was found to be better in terms of disease severity and stability than other models. Further, a detailed mechanistic study might help to explain the pathological difference between these strains.
Text formulations as practices of demonstrating understanding in dialogic reading
Authors: Pulles Maaike , Berenst Jan , Koole Tom , de Glopper Kees 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis paper examinestext formulationsin the interaction between peers in primary school during dialogic reading, in inquiry learning settings. In this context pupils collaboratively use information from texts to answer their research questions. The data analyzed include 25 excerpts of pupils demonstrating understanding of text. We used Conversation Analysis to analyze how pupils demonstrate their understanding by the use of text formulations, as a specific type of formulations, and how these formulations function as a bridge between the reading action and the discussion of text content. Parallel to the types of conversational formulations (gist and upshot), we found two practices of demonstrating understanding, namely (1) formulating the gist of relevant text to demonstrate literal understanding, and (2) formulating an upshot to demonstrate how the text contributes to the reading goal. Both types are used to establish shared understanding of text, but focus the discussion as well on what participants find relevant information in the text to further talk about. To reach shared understanding and to use it for next steps, both interactants need to have access to the text in some way. This study contributes to our understanding of how pupils collaboratively use text to build their knowledge.
Effectiveness of a Novel Implementation of the Otago Exercise Program in Rural Appalachia
Authors: Scronce Gabrielle , Zhang Wanqing , Smith Matthew Lee , McCulloch Karen Leigh , Mercer Vicki Stemmons 
Published: February 2021

Background and Purpose:
Despite evidence that falls can be prevented with specific exercise interventions such as the Otago Exercise Program (OEP), translation of these programs into practice is limited in rural and medically underserved areas. The Community Health and Mobility Partnership (CHAMP) addresses this problem through a community-based implementation of the OEP in rural Appalachia where medical resources are scarce. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the CHAMP on physical performance and balance confidence in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods:
This study was a retrospective analysis of quasi-longitudinal data. Older adults received fall screenings at local senior centers. Those with increased fall risk received individualized OEP home exercises and were advised to return for monthly follow-up visits. Three physical performance measures—Timed Up and Go test (TUG), Four-Stage Balance Test (4SBT), and chair rise test (CRT)—and the Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale (ABC) were assessed at the initial visit (IV) and each follow-up visit. Two groups were created to distinguish participants who returned for their second follow-up (F2) visit within 3 months from those who returned between 3 and 6 months. Within-group change from IV to F2 was calculated using repeated-measures t tests. Repeated-measures 2-way analyses of variance were used to test for main and interaction effects of group and visit.

Results and Discussion:
One hundred thirty CHAMP participants aged 76.1 (SD = 8.1) years demonstrated statistically and clinically significant improvements in the 3 physical performance measures (mean 4SBT: IV 29.5 seconds, F2 31.5 second, P = .001), (mean TUG: IV 12.7 seconds, F2 11.9 seconds, P = .021), (mean CRT: IV 0.258 stands/second, F2 0.290 stands/second, P = .002), but not in balance confidence (mean ABC: IV 62.2, F2 64.4, P = .154). A significant interaction of group by visit for the TUG was observed, suggesting that better TUG performance was associated with quicker return for follow-up.

Conclusions:
Results indicated that program participants improved from IV to F2 in measures related to fall risk.
Efficacy of Traditional Physical Therapy Versus Otago-Based Exercise in Fall Prevention for ALF-Residing Older Adults
Authors: Knott Sky , Hollis Amber , Jimenez Daniel , Dawson Nicole , Mabbagu Eric , Beato Morris 
Published: February 2021

Background and Purpose:
Falls are a leading cause of morbidity, mortality, loss of independence, and significant functional decline in aging populations. Effective interventions aimed at reducing the risk of falls, and preventing associated disability and functional decline, are needed to promote the health and wellness of older adults. Recent literature has found that an Otago-based exercise program (OBEP), which incorporates strengthening, balance, and walking, may not only decrease falls and fall risk among community-dwelling older adults but may also be effective among older adults residing in assisted living facilities (ALFs). The purpose of this study is to expand upon current research by comparing the outcomes of an OBEP and traditional physical therapy (TPT) in decreasing falls and the risk of falls among older adults living in an ALF. The authors hypothesized that traditional physical therapy would reduce fall risk and the number of falls in older adults residing in ALFs more than an OBEP.

Methods:
This study conducted a 2-group retrospective chart review of 59 older adults living in an ALF from January 2013 to October 2018 who received either TPT (n = 29) or the OBEP (n = 30). Participants were a mean of 87 years old and were classified at risk for falls by the Tinetti Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA). Primary variables included the number of falls prior to intervention, during intervention, and 1 year following intervention, as well as pre- and posttreatment Tinetti POMA scores. Efficacy was examined using multiple linear regression analysis.

Results and Discussion:
Both groups achieved reduced falls and increased POMA scores. Group assignment did not significantly predict performance in key outcome measures, namely the number of falls (P = .199) and Tinetti POMA scores (P = .063) following treatment.

Conclusions:
These findings indicated that both an OBEP and tpt may be effective interventions for reducing falls and fall risk in the ALF setting.
Domains of Balance Training Delivered in Rehabilitation Programs Following Hip Fracture Surgery in Older Adults: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lima Camila Astolphi , Perracini Monica Rodrigues , Funabashi Martha , Weber Sydnie , Beaupre Lauren 
Published: February 2021

Background and Purpose:
The aim of this systematic review was to assess the domains and characteristics of balance training (BT) interventions delivered in rehabilitation programs following hip fracture to identify potential treatment gaps.

Methods:
Manual and electronic searches (Web of Science, Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, and ProQuest) were conducted. We selected randomized controlled trials with older adults following hip fracture surgery that included either specific BT or gait, mobility, or transfer training. Two independent reviewers extracted data and rated the methodological quality using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale. A third reviewer provided consensus. Extracted BT data included balance domain, progression, frequency, duration, intensity, level of supervision, setting, and rehabilitation phase.

Results and Discussion:
We included 17 trials from 19 studies; 11 studies were rated as moderate to high methodological quality, but only 8 were considered to have high-quality BT components. Half of the interventions included only one balance domain, with stability during movement being the most commonly included domain. The primary balance progression utilized was reducing hand support. Dual task, anticipatory postural adjustment, reactive strategies, and perceptual training domains were rarely included. Balance training duration and intensity were poorly described. Although most programs were home-based with minimal levels of supervision, a few extended beyond postacute phase of rehabilitation.

Conclusion:
Further consideration should be given to include more challenging BT domains with planned progressions to maximize patient recovery through hip fracture rehabilitation programs.
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system peptide profiles in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Kutz Alexander , Conen Anna , Gregoriano Claudia , Haubitz Sebastian , Koch Daniel , Domenig Oliver , Bernasconi Luca , Mueller Beat , Schuetz Philipp 
Published: February 2021

Objective
While evidence on the interface between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system (RAAS) is accumulating, clinical data on RAAS peptide alteration among coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) patients is missing.

Design and methods
In this exploratory study, we prospectively included adult patients (aged ≥ 18 years) admitted between February 26 and April 30, 2020 to a tertiary care hospital in Switzerland. We assessed the association of an underlying SARS-CoV-2 infection and equilibrium serum levels of RAAS peptides in hospitalized COVID-19 patients 1:1 propensity-score matched with patients suffering from SARS-CoV-2-negative respiratory infections. Subgroup analyses involved stratification for taking RAAS inhibitors.

Results
COVID-19 patients had about 50% lower equilibrium serum RAAS peptide levels as compared with matched controls (angiotensin I: 31.6 vs 66.8 pmol/L, −52.7% (95%CI: −68.5% to −36.9%); angiotensin II: 37.7 vs 92.5 pmol/L, −59.2% (95%CI: −72.1% to −46.3%); angiotensin (1–5): 3.3 vs 6.6 pmol/L, −49.7% (95%CI: −59.2% to −40.2%); angiotensin (1–7): 4.8 vs 7.6 pmol/L, −64.9% (95%CI: −84.5% to −45.3%)). While the plasma renin activity was lower in COVID-19 patients (88.6 vs 207.9 pmol/L, −58.5% (95%CI: −71.4% to −45.6%)), there was no difference of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and ACE2 plasma activity between the groups. Subgroup analyses revealed a pronounced RAAS peptide profile depression in COVID-19 patients among those not on RAAS inhibitors.

Conclusions
As compared with SARS-CoV-2-negative patients, we found a downregulated RAAS in presence of a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Whether the lower levels of the protective angiotensin (1–5) and (1–7) are linked to adverse outcomes in COVID-19 warrants further investigation.