bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of rim zone modifications on the surface finishing of ferritic–pearlitic 42CrMo4 using electrochemical machining
Authors: Zander Daniela , Schupp Alexander , Mergenthaler Stefanie , Pütz René D. , Altenbach Christoph 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe efficiency of material removal using electrochemical machining (ECM) is highly dependent on the initial rim zone modifications of the material to be processed. The influence of the rim zone modifications, such as topography and microstructure, on ECM, is investigated on ferritic–pearlitic 42CrMo4 steel by experiment and simulation. 42CrMo4 steel in two different premachining states—ground and electric discharge machined (EDM)—is subjected to a subsequent surface finishing by ECM in sodium nitrate solution. Before and after ECM, the topography and microstructure are examined using scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffractometer, and topography analysis methods. The electrochemical properties of the material are determined by potentiodynamic polarization. The efficiency of surface finishing by ECM is quantified by mass spectroscopic analysis (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) of the process electrolyte and related to the rim zone modifications by simulation. The results reveal that the efficiency of material removal during ECM is higher for EDM than for ground 42CrMo4. This is attributed to an increased roughness of EDM 42CrMo4 and to the unfavorable electrochemical properties of the cementite phase in ground 42CrMo4.
Multicolor Fluorescent Polymeric Actuator with Self‐Sustained Oscillation Behavior
Authors: Zhan Beibei , Wei Shuxin , Hu Zhengfang , Liu Hao , Qiu Huiyu , Liu Qingquan , Lu Wei , Chen Tao 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSoft fluorescent polymeric films are receiving increasing attention in the fields of sensing, display, information encryption, and so on. However, a few attempts are conducted to heterogeneously integrate fluorescent polymeric films with other soft polymeric materials into topology‐optimized architectures (e.g., bilayer and pattern), which may lead to as‐yet‐unimagined performance. Herein, the synthesis of novel multicolor fluorescent polymeric films is presented via dynamic lanthanide coordination, followed by the fabrication of bilayer actuators with unique self‐sustained oscillation behavior. The polymeric films are prepared from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) oligomer containing 2,6‐pyridinediimine ligands that can chelate with Eu3+/Tb3+ ions to trigger vivid red/bluish green fluorescence via antenna effect. After being further interfacially engineered with pan paper, fluorescent bilayer actuators are prepared, which display reversible 2D/3D shape deformation in response to environmental temperature changes owing to the mismatch between thermal expansion abilities of two layers. Interestingly, when placing the bilayer actuator with one end fixed near a constant heat source, quite unique self‐sustained oscillation behavior is observed, which encourages to explore their potential applications as dynamic alarming devices. The present study broadens the list of fluorescent polymeric films and suggests the huge potential of multimaterial integration to develop powerful functional materials with versatile uses.
Phase‐field modeling of rate‐dependent fluid‐driven fracture initiation and propagation
Authors: Yang Jie , Tchelepi Hamdi A. , Kovscek Anthony R. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe rate‐dependent behavior associated with deformation and fracturing of materials, such as natural rocks, poses significant challenges for modeling. In addition to the complications of the viscoelastic response, the speed of fracture propagation reflects micromechanical mechanisms in the fracture process zone (FPZ). In order to represent these complicated behaviors, a thermodynamically consistent, rate‐dependent fracture model is required. Based on rigorous thermodynamic principles, we derive a rate‐dependent phase‐field mechanical model coupled with single‐phase fluid flow in both the matrix and the fracture. The model is guaranteed to satisfy energy conservation during fracture propagation. The system of equations is solved using the introduced solution procedure and a novel preconditioner that accounts for the complex fluid–structure interaction. The proposed phase‐field model is tested against several benchmark problems on solid‐fluid coupling, fluid‐driven fracture propagation and rate‐dependent viscoelastic deformation. The model serves as a strong basis for investigating rate‐dependent fracturing experiments and for making predictions of material behaviors under new conditions.
Landscape of Cyclin Pathway Genomic Alterations Across 5,356 Prostate Cancers: Implications for Targeted Therapeutics
Authors: Jardim Denis L. , Millis Sherri Z. , Ross Jeffrey S. , Woo Michelle Sue-Ann , Ali Siraj M. , Kurzrock Razelle 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The cyclin pathway may confer resistance to standard treatments but also offer novel therapeutic opportunities in prostate cancer. Herein, we analyzed prostate cancer samples (majority metastatic) using comprehensive genomic profiling performed by next-generation sequencing (315 genes, &gt;500× coverage) for alterations in activating and sensitizing cyclin genes (CDK4 amplification, CDK6 amplification, CCND1, CCND2, CCND3, CDKN2B [loss], CDKN2A [loss], SMARCB1), androgen receptor (AR) gene, and coalterations in genes leading to cyclin inhibitor therapeutic resistance (RB1 and CCNE1). Overall, cyclin sensitizing pathway genomic abnormalities were found in 9.7% of the 5,356 tumors. Frequent alterations included CCND1 amplification (4.2%) and CDKN2A and B loss (2.4% each). Alterations in possible resistance genes, RB1 and CCNE1, were detected in 9.7% (up to 54.6% in neuroendocrine) and 1.2% of cases, respectively, whereas AR alterations were seen in 20.9% of tumors (~27.3% in anaplastic). Cyclin sensitizing alterations were also more frequently associated with concomitant AR alterations.
Ultrasonic assisted preparation of some new zinc complexes of a new tetradentate Schiff base ligand: thermal analyses data, antimicrobial and DNA cleavage potential
Authors: Akbari Zahra , Montazerozohori Morteza , Hoseini Seyed Jafar , Naghiha Reza 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA new tetradentate Schiff base ligand (L) (L = obtained by condensation reaction between triethylenetetraamine and (E)‐3‐(2‐nitrophenyl)acrylaldehyde) and some of its zinc (II) complexes formulated as ZnLX2 in which X = halide/pseudohalide were synthesized and characterized by some physical and spectral techniques such as infra‐red (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), UV–Visible, microanalyses, and conductivity measurements. Among the complexes, zinc chloride, iodide, and nitrate complexes were also prepared as nanostructure powder under sonication conditions confirmed by x‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive x‐ray analysis (EDAX). Moreover, zinc oxide nanoparticles were prepared by direct thermolysis of nanopowder of ZnLI2 complex under air atmosphere. Moreover, the thermal behaviors of the compounds were studied based on thermo‐gravimetric (TG)/differential thermal gravimetric (DTG)/differential thermal analyses (DTA) analyses data under nitrogen atmosphere. Furthermore, antibacterial/antifungal activities of the ligand and its zinc complexes were screened by the well diffusion method against some bacteria and funguses. Ultimately, the DNA cleavage potential of the compounds was evaluated by gel electrophoresis technique.
A new stochastic ocean physics package and its application to hybrid‐covariance data assimilation
Authors: Storto Andrea , Andriopoulos Panagiotis 
Published: February 2021

AbstractGenerating optimal perturbations is a key requirement of several data assimilation schemes. Here, we present a newly developed stochastic physics package for ocean models, implemented in the NEMO ocean general circulation model. The package includes three schemes applied simultaneously: stochastically perturbed parametrization tendencies (SPPT), stochastically perturbed parameters (SPP) and stochastic kinetic energy backscatter (SKEB) schemes. The three schemes allow for different temporal and spatial perturbation scales. Within a limited‐area ocean model configuration, ensemble free‐running simulations were performed to assess the impact and reliability of the schemes. They prove complementary in increasing the ensemble spread at different scales and for different diagnostics. The ensemble spread appears reliable; for instance, it proves consistent with the root‐mean‐square differences with respect to higher‐resolution (sub‐mesoscale) simulations that here represent the “truth” (in the sense that it includes “unresolved physics”). Interestingly, both the SPPT and the SKEB schemes lead to an increase of eddy kinetic energy at small spatial scales (2–10 km), and contribute to modify the ensemble mean state, mitigating warm biases near the thermocline due to the enhancement of the upper ocean vertical mixing. As an application of the stochastic packages, the ensemble anomaly covariances coming from the ensemble free‐running simulations are used to feed large‐scale anisotropic covariances that complement smaller‐scale ones in a hybrid‐covariance regional analysis and forecast system in the Mediterranean Sea. Ensemble‐derived covariances are formulated as slowly varying three‐dimensional low‐resolution empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs). The improvements due to the addition of such covariances to the stationary ones are found significant in real‐data experiments, within verification skill scores against glider profile data, remotely sensed observations and current speed measurements from drifters, radar and moorings.
Total robotic ALPPS approach for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic liver
Authors: Fernandes Eduardo de Souza M. , de Barros Fernando , Magistri Paolo , Di Sandro Stefano , Rezende de Carvalho Paulo , Roza da Silva Filipe , Andrade Ronaldo O. , Pimentel Leandro S. , Girão Camila L. , Pedreira de Mello Felipe , Torres Orlando Jorge M. , Di Benedetto Fabrizio 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common indication for associating liver partition with portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS). Robotic liver resection has been done for HCC, but robotic ALPPS is a rare procedure.MethodsTo present three cases of totally robotic ALPPS in cirrhotic patients with HCC.ResultsThree cirrhotic male patients with HCC underwent ALPPS; the mean age was 54.3 years. MELD score was ≤9 and tumour size between 90 and 140 mm. The mean hypertrophy of the future liver remnant after the first stage was 77.5% and no postoperative liver failure was reported. Mean operative time of stage 1 was 7:30 h and of stage 2 was 4:37 h, without blood transfusion. The mean hospital stay for the first stage was 10 days and for the second stage was 9.3 days. No postoperative complication was recorded.ConclusionsRobotic ALPPS in cirrhotic patients with HCC is safe and feasible.
Individual Plasmonic Nanoprobes for Biosensing and Bioimaging: Recent Advances and Perspectives
Authors: Ma Jun , Wang Xinyu , Feng Jian , Huang Chengzhi , Fan Zhongcai 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWith the advent of nanofabrication techniques, plasmonic nanoparticles (PNPs) have been widely applied in various research fields ranging from photocatalysis to chemical and bio‐sensing. PNPs efficiently convert chemical or physical stimuli in their local environment into optical signals. PNPs also have excellent properties, including good biocompatibility, large surfaces for the attachment of biomolecules, tunable optical properties, strong and stable scattering light, and good conductivity. Thus, single optical biosensors with plasmonic properties enable a broad range of uses of optical imaging techniques in biological sensing and imaging with high spatial and temporal resolution. This work provides a comprehensive overview on the optical properties of single PNPs, the description of five types of commonly used optical imaging techniques, including surface plasmon resonance (SPR) microscopy, surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique, differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy, total internal reflection scattering (TIRS) microscopy, and dark‐field microscopy (DFM) technique, with an emphasis on their single plasmonic nanoprobes and mechanisms for applications in biological imaging and sensing, as well as the challenges and future trends of these fields.
Identification, isolation, and structure elucidation of novel forced degradation products of alectinib hydrochloride
Authors: Parmar Raghuvirsinh , Rajput Sadhana , Mohan Arivozhi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe present study focuses on novel degradation products of alectinib hydrochloride generated from forced degradation study. In this process, an analytical method was developed that is not only compatible with liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry but sufficiently efficient to capture each of the possible degradation products’ peaks with effective separation from alectinib peak. Alectinib hydrochloride was exposed to acidic, alkali, oxidation, photolytic, and thermal conditions as recommended by the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. No major degradation was observed under acidic, alkali, photolytic and thermal conditions however the drug was observed to be significantly degraded under oxidative stress conditions generating four novel degradation products that are not reported in the literature. The degradation products were isolated using preparative high‐performance liquid chromatography and then structurally elucidated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry studies. Most importantly, three degradation products were identified as constitutional isomers. The probable degradation products were identified as N‐oxide impurity, epoxide impurity, N‐hydroxy impurity, and amide impurity, respectively. Moreover, pathway of formation of these degradation products was also postulated in detail.
Verbascoside inhibits the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition of prostate cancer cells through high‐mobility group box 1/receptor for advanced glycation end‐products/TGF‐β pathway
Authors: Wu Chun‐Hsien , Chen Chung‐Hsien , Hsieh Pei‐Fang , Lee Yen‐Hsi , Kuo Wade Wei‐Ting , Wu Richard Chen‐Yu , Hung Chih‐Hsin , Yang Yu‐Lin , Lin Victor C. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionProstate cancer has significant mortality and metastasis rate in the male. Unfortunately, effective treatment for patients with advanced prostate cancer is still lacking. Verbascoside, a phenylethanoid glycoside, displays various pharmacological properties, such as the anti‐cancer activities. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of purified verbascoside on human prostate cancer and the associated molecular mechanisms.Materials and MethodsThe human prostate cancer cell lines, Du‐145 and PC‐3, were treated with various concentrations of verbascoside (0.1, 1, 10 μM) for 24 h followed by the examination of cell viability using MTT and trypan blue exclusion assays. Cell migration and invasion capacities were assessed by wound healing assay and transwell system. Western blot and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect the expression of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐associated factors, components of transforming growth factor (TGF‐β)/Smad signaling, and high‐mobility group box (HMGB)/receptor for advanced glycation end‐products (RAGE) axis.ResultsVerbascoside treatment significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of Du‐145 and PC‐3 cells. We showed that verbascoside decreased the expression of EMT promotors, Snail and Slug, and increased the expression of E‐cadherin. Moreover, the expression level of alpha‐smooth muscle actin was downregulated by verbascoside as well. Besides, we found that the TGF‐β pathway was suppressed, which was demonstrated by the diminished expression of type I and II TGF‐β receptors and phosphorylated Smad2/3 along with the upregulated Smad7. Our data suggested that this downregulation of TGF‐β signaling was mediated by repression of HMGB 1 (HMGB1)/RAGE axis.ConclusionVerbascoside mitigated the cell proliferation and aggressiveness of prostate cancer via downregulation of TGF‐β‐associated EMT progression through HMGB1/RAGE suppression. Collectively, our findings revealed that verbascoside may be a beneficial dietary supplement for prostate cancer patients.
Dual Agency, Commission Levels, and the Effect on Sale Price in Residential Real Estate Market: A Questionnaire Survey on Real Estate Brokers in Japan
Authors: Shirakawa Keiichi , Okoshi Toshiyuki 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn residential real estate market, agents have an incentive to steer their clients to their own listings or buyers rather than offering the best value transaction, which is derived from allowing dual agency and information asymmetry among buyers, sellers, and agents. We estimated the commission levels and sale prices of real estate brokers through a questionnaire survey and found that seven out of ten brokers are closing dual-agency deals and lowering sale prices. We could not find any effects of the number of employees, location of office, and major types of contract on dual agency.
A Study on the Relation Between Residential Land Value and the Distance to the Center of the Tokyo Metropolitan Area (1970–2016)
Authors: Ueno Kenichi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the relation between residential land value and the distance to the center of the Tokyo Metropolitan Area from 1970 to 2016. The result shows three trends in the relation: (1) residential land value had increased at all standard sites even while the interest rate was kept high; (2) when the interest rate has become lower, the shorter the distance to the center became, the higher residential land value has increased; and (3) recently the areas where residential land value fluctuate has become narrower. This paper discusses about these trends.
Guiding Urban Facilities and Functions in Compact Mixed-Use Development from the Perspective of Residents
Authors: Ishikawa Toru 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis article discusses the development of compact and functionally integrated urban environments from the perspective of local residents, focusing on their psychological evaluations of mixed land use and performance-based regulation. It demonstrates the significance of residents’ perceptions and attitudes in the achievement of flexibility required for urban planning in a shrinking society. To promote planned concentration of various functions in an urban area in an appropriate way, as in the development of compact cities in a multi-polar network advocated by the Location Normalization Plan, it will have more importance than ever to conceive planning that takes the characteristics of both a region and its residents into account.
Proposal of System for Calculating Sky View Factor Using Google Street View
Authors: Nishio Shoko , Ito Fumiko 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn recent years, big data entered use in various fields. Google Street View (hereinafter called “GSV”) can be regarded as open big data, and its images can be obtained using API. The streets can be viewed 360° horizontally and 290° vertically from each point on the web. In addition to those, zooming up is available, and the viewpoint can be moved approximately 10 m forward or backward to/from the current point. The original image to provide the view is the panoramic image associated with the latitude and longitude information on the street consecutively at intervals of 10 m, and they exist as massive data on the web. We determine the area of the sky using these images from GSV. In this research, we calculate the sky view factor (hereinafter called “SVF”) in an extended area by defining the area of the sky with the SVF and utilizing the computer.
Frontiers of Computer Vision Technologies on Real Estate Property Photographs and Floorplans
Authors: Kiyota Yoji 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis article describes frontier efforts to apply deep learning technologies, which is the greatest innovation of research on artificial intelligence and computer vision, to image data such as real estate property photographs and floorplans. Specifically, attempts to detect property photographs that violate regulations or were misclassified, or to extract information that can be used as new recommendation features from property photographs, were mentioned. Besides, this article introduces an innovation created by providing data sets for academic communities.
The Efficiency of the Titling System: Perspectives of Economics
Authors: Nakagawa Masayuki 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe problem of land with unknown ownership is becoming increasingly evident with Japan’s declining population, low birth rate and aging population. This paper examines the need for the titling system using perspectives from economics and considers what sorts of titling system works for which types of society and looks at ways to deal with the problem of land with unknown ownership. A series of previous researches such as Miceli et al. (Eur J Law Econ 6:305–323, 1998; J Urban Econ 47:370–389, 2000) categorize the titling systems used in many advanced countries as either registration systems or recording systems. In terms of broad categorization Japan’s titling system is categorized as a recording system. However, since the details of registered information are confirmed through various registration procedures, the system also has aspects that resemble a registration system. This can be interpreted as having selected the titling system’s strength that considerably lowers the level of litigation risk. In that case, transaction costs become very high. This could be the cause of the excessively small current level of Japanese real estate transactions. Furthermore, the result of selecting the recording system in Japan, which is a system with a very high strength, could explain why nobody takes insurance to cover the risk of title litigation. In Japan, it is highly likely that the full-fledged population decline, low birth rate and aging population will lower the profitability of land. In that case, a titling system with low strength is likely to be the best for society as indicated in the analysis above.
Land Plots with Unknown Owners: Causes and Legal Measures—The Necessity for a Thorough Reduction of Transaction Costs
Authors: Fukui Hideo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe increase of land plots with unknown owners, namely, land plots whose owner’s name and address are not easily identifiable through repeated inheritance, etc., has emerged as a prominent social issue. The major reason for this phenomenon is the Civil Code that unconditionally allows the sharing of real estate by an unlimited number of co-owners, for one thing, and the registration system of real estate that does not require the true owner to register and thus does not show the real rights of real estate, for another. To reduce the increase of land plots with unknown owners as a proactive measure and to utilize them as a reactive measure, it is necessary to establish the one-owner principle with a ban of the sharing of real estate even through inheritance, to abolish fixed asset tax on buildings and houses, to require the new owner of real estate to register the right upon the transfer of ownership and for the registration office to make it public, to amend the Land Expropriation Act to facilitate the purchase of the land plots for public purpose without owner identification, to create an institutional arrangement that allows the will of the owner to be fictionally replaced, and to amend the Civil Code to allow the disposal of shared real estate by the majority of the co-owners.