bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diplomacia “Bicultural” para a Criação de uma “Comunidade de História Compartilhada com a Humanidade”
Authors: Sobral Pedro 
Published: August 2021

Resumo
No âmbito da iniciativa “Uma Faixa e Uma Rota”, temos assistido a crescentes esforços por parte da China em criar laços mais estreitos com os países envolvidos nesta iniciativa transcontinental. Tais laços estendem-se aos mais variados domínios, inclusive à arte e cultura, com o objetivo de aproximar e fomentar o conhecimento mútuo das populações dos países envolvidos. O campo das Relações Internacionais caracteriza como “diplomacia pública” este tipo de contactos que envolvem o cidadão comum dos países em diálogo. Numa lógica construtivista, o presente artigo possui como objetivo propor o exercício de uma diplomacia pública “bicultural”, que faça uso de conquistas e realizações comuns do passado, com vista à construção futura de uma “Comunidade de História Compartilhada com a Humanidade” que complemente a noção de “Comunidade com Futuro Compartilhado com a Humanidade” defendida pela liderança chinesa. Como exemplo da aplicabilidade prática de tal tipo de diplomacia, é apresentado o caso da exposição “O País das Cidades Vidradas - 500 anos do Azulejo em Portugal”, que teve lugar no Museu do Palácio em Beijing, como exemplo recente de diplomacia pública “bicultural” entre a China e Portugal.
Dinámica geopolítica de las relaciones estratégicas entre la República Popular China y América Latina y el Caribe
Authors: Klinger Pevida Eduardo 
Published: August 2021

Resumen
Desde hace más de veinte años la República Popular China ha identificado a América Latina y el Caribe como posibles socios estratégicos capaces de combinar las necesidades de inversión para el desarrollo de la región con la disponibilidad financiera y tecnológica de China. La impresionante dinámica geopolítica ha aumentado las relaciones comerciales, financieras, sociales y humanas en general entre las partes. China es el segundo socio comercial de la región pero primero de la mayoría de las principales economías regionales. América latina y el Caribe constituyen igualmente el segundo destino de las Inversiones Directas de China al mundo. La intensificación y profundización de los vínculos económicos comerciales alcanzados catalizan un creciente interés en la región por ser partícipes en el desarrollo de la Franja y Ruta de la Seda para lo cual 19 naciones han firmado con Beijing Memorandos de Interés.
Mental health professionals discussing spiritual care for psychiatric outpatients: a qualitative study of multidisciplinary meetings
Authors: Cusveller Bart , van Garderen Maarten , Roozemond-Kroon Joan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Aim: To explore how mental health professionals address spiritual care for outpatients in weekly multidisciplinary care meetings (MDM), and to explore the barriers and facilitators in the ways health professionals address spiritual care in those meetings.

Method: Two teams of mental health professionals providing care for psychiatric outpatients are included. Qualitative data were collected from audio recordings of multidisciplinary meetings and from focus-group interviews afterwards. Data were analysed using ‘open coding’.

Results: Spiritual care was not frequently addressed mostly due to the requirements of the health insurance reimbursement system. Aspects of spirituality addressed in these meetings pertained mainly to meaningful daily activities. Addressing spiritual care was facilitated, on the other hand, by a holistic focus on health and recovery-oriented care.

Conclusion: In ambulatory mental healthcare spirituality is sparsely addressed and, when addressed, few aspects of spirituality come into view. Facilitating healthcare professionals’ awareness of their clinical perspective is an essential step to improve spiritual care for psychiatric outpatients.
Berührungslose Messung von Pitchwinkelabweichungen an Windenergieanlagen aus 150 m Entfernung
Authors: von Freyberg Axel , Helming Paula , Friedrich Jacob , Stöbener Dirk , Fischer Andreas 
Published: August 2021

Zusammenfassung
Die Windkraft stellt eine wichtige Energiequelle in Deutschland dar. Form und Lage der Rotorblätter von Windenergieanlagen haben dabei einen großen Einfluss auf die Effizienz und die Lebensdauer der Anlage. Geometrische Merkmale von Rotorblättern werden mit Blattschablonen, photogrammetrischen oder interferometrischen Messverfahren erfasst. Hierzu muss die Anlage jedoch gestoppt und ggf. mit Mustern bzw. Markern versehen werden. Für In-Prozess-Messungen ohne Manipulation der Windenergieanlage bietet sich das Prinzip der Laufzeitmessung an, auf dem sogenannte terrestrische Laserscanner aufbauen. Bisher unbekannt ist jedoch die erreichbare Messunsicherheit bei der Bestimmung von Pitchwinkeln.
In diesem Beitrag werden die Messunsicherheiten bei der Erfassung der Rotorblattoberfläche für Distanzen > 100 m experimentell untersucht und zur Bestimmung der Unsicherheit des Pitchwinkels mittels Monte-Carlo Simulation fortgepflanzt. Für die Betrachtung der Pitchwinkelunsicherheit wird unterschieden, ob die Nenngeometrie der Rotorblätter bekannt ist und absolute Aussagen über die Pitchwinkel getroffen werden können, oder ob die Nenngeometrie unbekannt ist und nur relative Pitchwinkelunterschiede zwischen den Rotorblättern ausgewertet werden können.
Medical interns’ attitudes towards One Health approach
Authors: Varer Akpinar Ceren , Durmaz Seyfi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objectives
One Health approach to health considers human, animal, and ecosystem health as a whole and advocates cooperation across disciplines to reach the highest level of health. The aim of the study is to determine the attitudes of the medical interns’ toward the One Health approach and to evaluate related factors.

Methods
This cross-sectional study targeted all interns of the Faculty of Medicine of 2019–2020 academic year (n=356). Sociodemographic characteristics, health status, habits, and attitudes toward One Health were asked in the questionnaire, which was created by the researchers using the literature. The study data were collected based on self-report during occupational health and safety training, before the COVID-19 pandemic. Chi-square and logistic regression analyses were also performed.

Results
The study group included a fair gender distribution (47.8% female), and the average age was 23.6 ± 1.2. Out of the 316 participants, 40.2% had not heard the One Health concept before. In total, 85.4% of them declared a positive attitude toward the concept. The probability of high attitude was found to be 5.03 times (95% CI 1.10–23.12) higher in those with above-average success status and 4.08 times (95% CI 1.15–14.52) higher in those who had kept animals. In students’ responses to the attitude questionnaire items, the epidemic sub-dimension had the highest level as 86.1%, and the antibiotic resistance sub-dimension had the lowest level as 77.2%.

Conclusions
The current study revealed that the awareness on One Health concept among medical interns is limited, however, students’ attitudes are positive. Recent SARS-CoV 2 pandemic showed us the urgent need for proper implementation of’ One Health approach in the medical education curriculum. Meanwhile, One Health focused courses should be introduced into the curriculum of final year medicine and related programs.
Effects of exercise and quercetin on muscle energy charge in metabolic syndrome model of rats
Authors: Er Fatmanur , Çimen Behzat , Yılmaz Canan , Zorba Erdal , Türközkan Nurten 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objectives
This study was performed to investigate whether exercise and quercetin have an effect on muscle energy charge in the metabolic syndrome (MetS) model of rats.

Methods
Male Sprague-Dawley rats consisting of Control, Fructose, Quercetin, Exercise, Fructose + Exercise, Fructose + Quercetin, Fructose + Quercetin + Exercise groups were randomly divided into seven groups, six rats in each group. Consequently, it was determined that the 20% fructose supplement for 10 weeks with drinking water let to metabolic syndrome in the animals depending on the increase of systolic blood pressure, serum triglyceride, serum insulin and high HOMA-IR scores. MetS criteria were successfully established by oral fructose administration.

Results
ATP and AMP levels were higher in fructose and exercise groups, and ADP levels were lower. The energy charge increased in quercetin treated groups. We found that regular aerobic exercise and quercetin application might be beneficial in the fructose-mediated MetS in accordance with previous studies. However it was found that quercetin was more effective than exercise in muscle.

Conclusions
Consequently, it is thought that the regular aerobic exercise alone is a preventive method for the MetS and also it can be used together with quercetin as a beneficial treatment.
Assessment of the Quality of Chest Compressions Performed by Health-Care Workers Under Simulated Conditions
Authors: Boeva E. A. , Starostin D. O. , Milovanova M. A. , Antonova V. V. , Kargin D. Ch. , Abdusalamov S. N. 
Published: August 2021

Aim of the study: to investigate chest compression parameters by city hospital staﬀ under simulated conditions with and without the use of a sensor device for quality control of chest compressions.Materials and Methods. The study was conducted in Moscow's multidisciplinary hospitals. The study included 359 medical staﬀ members. The participants were divided into 4 groups: physicians (n=97) and nurses (n=82) from intensive care units (ICU) and physicians (n=92) and nurses (n=88) from specialized departments. Participants performed 2 minutes of chest compressions without a chest compressions quality control (CCQC) sensor, followed by 2 minutes of chest compressions using a deﬁbrillator sensor with audiovisual prompts from the device turned on. The percentage of target compressions, rate and depth of compressions were analyzed.Results. Compression parameters in the group of ICU doctors were outside the reference range (% target compression — 0.5 (0.0; 14.5)%, rate 124.1±17.8 per minute, depth 5.6±1.1 cm), in the group of ICU nurses, the percentage of target compressions was 0.0 (0.0; 3.5)%, rate — 123.6±23.7 per minute, depth — 5.3±1.2 cm, in the group of specialist doctors the percentage of target compressions was 0.0 (0.0; 1.2) %, rate — 123.8±23.2 per minute, depth — 5.8±1.2 cm, in specialized nurses group the percentage of target compressions was 0.0 (0.0; 6.1)%, rate — 119.7±29.5 per minute, depth — 5.6±1.2 cm. There was a signiﬁcant improvement in compression performance in all groups when the sensor device was used: in ICU physicians the percentage of target compressions was 81.6 (64.80; 87.90)%, rate — 124.1±17.8 per minute, depth — 5.5±0.2 cm; in ICU nurses the percentage of target compressions was 69.1 (47.4; 80.6), rate — 123.6±23.7 per minute, depth — 5.3±0.3 cm, in specialist doctors the percentage of target compressions was 69.30 (50.50; 78.70), rate — 123.8±23.2 per minute, depth — 5.4±0.3 cm, in specialized nurses the percentage of target compressions reached 63.70 (42.90; 75.80), rate — 119.7±29.5 per minute, depth — 5.4±0.3 cm. There were no diﬀerences in analysed compression parameters between staﬀ in diﬀerent departments or positions.Conclusion. Compression parameters (percentage of target compressions, rate, depth) were not inﬂuenced by the department where the staﬀ member worked and the position held (doctor or nurse). The use of a compression quality sensor device has improved compression parameters by reducing rate and normalizing depth. The use of the sensor does not increase the percentage of target compressions to the maximum values, indicating the need for training by an instructor.
Postawy studentów Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego wobec osób z niepełnosprawnością ruchową oraz intelektualną
Authors: Kanar Mirosława 
Published: August 2021

Cel badań: Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie postaw studentów Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego wobec osób z niepełnosprawnością ruchową oraz z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną. W opracowaniu omówiono istotę, komponenty, mechanizmy kształtowania się postaw, a także dokonano przeglądu badań innych autorów, dotyczących postaw wobec osób z niepełnosprawnością ruchową oraz intelektualną.
Metodologia: W badaniach wykorzystano metodę sondażu diagnostycznego oraz technikę ankiety. Zastosowano celowy dobór respondentów do badań uwzględniając kryterium doboru arbitralnego (status studenta Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego). Analiza badań bazuje na danych uzyskanych od 70 respondentów.
Wyniki: Studenci wykazują się negatywnymi postawami wobec osób niepełnosprawnych ruchowo oraz intelektualnie w komponencie poznawczym, natomiast w komponencie afektywnym oraz behawioralnym postawa ankietowanych była zależna od rodzaju niepełnosprawności. Interpretacja wyników badań umożliwiła zaproponowanie rekomendacji dla praktyki akademickiej pod kątem zmiany postaw studentów wobec osób z niepełnosprawnością.
Ocena zmian w postrzeganiu własnej efektywności i nasileniu prokrastynacji w okresie pandemii COVID-19.
Authors: Wojtkowska Anna , Sampolska Julia , Garus Julia , Brzostek Olimpia , Greschütz Kamil 
Published: August 2021

Cel badań. Celem badania było sprawdzenie odmienności w postrzeganiu własnej prokrastynacji i efektywności pracy w okresie trwania pandemii w stosunku do czasu sprzed jej wybuchu oraz analiza powiązań między tymi zmianami, a wybranymi czynnikami socjodemograficznymi.
Metoda badań. 186 ochotników (75,8 % kobiet) w wieku od 18 do 62 lat (M = 22,39; SD = 7,84) wzięło udział w badaniu ankietowym on-line. Formularz ankiety zawierał pytania socjodemograficzne, zestaw 20 twierdzeń dotyczących prokrastynacji, o wysokim wskaźniku rzetelności (alfa Cronbacha = 0,92) i 9 twierdzeń dotyczących efektywności (alfa Cronbacha = 0,87), do których uczestnicy badania ustosunkowywali się na skali od 1 (rzadziej / mniej niż przed wybuchem pandemii) do 7 (częściej/więcej niż przed wybuchem pandemii).
Wyniki badań. Rozkłady nasilenia obu badanych cech były zbliżone do normalnego, większość badanych oceniała swoją prokrastynację i efektywność podobnie jak przed pandemią, a proporcje osób doświadczających wzrostu lub spadku tych cech były wyrównane. Wraz ze wzrostem prokrastynacji silnie spadała efektywność działania (p < 0,001), przy czym płeć, wiek i miejsce zamieszkania nie miały istotnego znaczenia dla żadnej z nich. Wzrost poziomu wykształcenia sprzyjał zarówno niższej prokrastynacji (p < 0,01), jak i wyższej efektywności (p < 0,05). Studenci raportowali większą prokrastynację (p < 0,01), ale podobną efektywność co osoby pracujące.
Wnioski. Badanie pozwoliło na wyciągnięcie wniosku, iż mimo społecznych obaw o spadek jakości pracy i edukacji na skutek reorganizacji warunków życia spowodowanych stanem pandemii, większość pracowników i studentów nie dostrzega zmian w efektywności swojej pracy ani nasileniu prokrastynacji.
Destructive earthquakes in China
Authors: Drake Noah Fields 
Published: August 2021

Resumé
To repeat: Some of the most striking evidences of the foregoing data are the following probable rules: First, the rapid and strong atmospheric variations, assisted to some extent by rain, are the forces most effective in the final stage of earthquake activity. Second, in a general sort of way, earthquakes occur simultaneously in the coast provinces, especially to the north of Fukien, after which there are repeated progressive movements of earthquakes towards central Asia, for a period of about 300 years, then the direction of movement is reversed; in other words, the earthquakes move in belt-like lines towards and away from the zones of high seismicity, so as to make the period of going and returning about 600 years. Third, the rate of movement of the earthquake-producing forces appears to be governed somewhat by their intensity.
Revised world seismicity catalog (1950-1997) for strong (Ms≧ 6) shallow (h≦ 70 km) earthquakes
Authors: Pérez Omar J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUsing the standard earthquake catalogs provided by the International Seismological Centre (ISC), its predecessor the International Seismological Summary (ISS), and the National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC), I analyze the worldwide consistency of teleseismic reporting, completeness of the seismicity record, and homogeneity of magnitude determination, for strong shallow earthquakes (surface-wave magnitude, Ms ≥ 6; depth, h ≤ 70 km) for the period 1950 to 1997. Under the postulates that the rate of earthquake occurrence for the entire world is constant on a time scale of decades and that well after the installation of the World-Wide Standardized Seismograph Network in the middle 1960s the earthquake catalog for strong (Ms ≥ 6) shocks is complete, and the seismicity rates are typical of all periods in the century, we find that, due to the use of different formulations and criteria to calculate the parameter magnitude, the Ms of moderate (6 ≤ Ms &lt; 7) events during the period 1950 to 1963 was systematically overestimated by as much as 0.5 magnitude unit, relative to the Ms assigned to shocks occurring after 1963. When this correction is taken into account, the new catalog of events with Ms (corrected) ≥ 6 in the period 1950 to 1997 becomes largely homogeneous in Ms. Under the foregoing postulates, this new catalog is shown to list nearly all and only the strong shocks [Ms (corrected) ≥ 6; h ≤ 70 km] that occurred in the Earth during the period, a notable exception being the time span from 1964 to 1968. The revised catalog, including the scalar moment and moment magnitude for each event, is listed on the worldwide web page http://www.ldc.usb.ve/~ojperez/catalog.
Empirical path corrections for regional-phase amplitudes
Authors: Scott Phillips W. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUsing data from 385 events recorded at Lanzhou in central China, I compare two empirical methods for predicting and correcting for path effects on regional-phase amplitude ratios. The first method interpolates source- and distance-corrected seismic data to create geographical, path-correction surfaces. The second, or wave-guide, method employs correlations with path-averaged physical data such as topography to correct the seismic data. Path corrections can vary over an order of magnitude, and their use will sharpen differences in regional-phase ratios arising from different types of natural and man-made sources of seismic energy and, thus, will be important for monitoring a Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty.For Pg/Lg phase ratios in the band 0.5 to 1 Hz, interpolated path corrections reduced variance best using kriging (62%) and nearly as well using a radius 250 km, moving-window-mean smoother (56%). Wave-guide methods based on mean and rms topography reduced variance by 43%. Variance reduction is given relative to the standard correction for distance alone. Wave-guide methods were further tested by attempting to find correlations with topographic data that had been rotated geographically. For conservatively chosen sets of wave-guide parameters, the true orientations yielded the best variance reduction, adding confidence to the use of this method. Wave-guide methods complement interpolation methods because they extrapolate behavior beyond active seismic areas. However, I find broad regions that are fit poorly by wave-guide predictions, especially where the path effect changes rapidly, such as along the eastern edge of the Tibetan plateau where Pg/Lg ratios are underpredicted. The two methods can be combined using Bayesian kriging, forcing predictions to fit the data in seismically active areas and allowing more powerful extrapolation beyond.
Observations in support ofRgscattering as a source for explosionSwaves: Regional and local recordings of the 1997 Kazakhstan depth of burial experiment
Authors: Myers Stephen C. , Walter William R. , Mayeda Kevin , Glenn Lewis 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn August and September of 1997, three 25-ton chemical explosions were detonated at nominal depths of 550, 300, and 50 m in boreholes at the former Soviet test site at Balapan, Kazakhstan. One objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of differing source depth on the regional wave field. Analysis of regional seismic phases lead to the observation that regional P/S wave amplitude ratios in the 1- to 5-Hz band increase as a function of source depth. However, at frequencies greater than about 5 Hz, the relative amplitudes of P and S waves remain approximately constant for the differing depth shots. Similarly, regional coda spectra are amplified in the 1- to 5-Hz band for the shallow shots. At local distances, Rg is the dominant seismic phase, with peak amplitudes in the 0.7- to 5-Hz range, and Rg is strongest for the shallower shots. Within the short distance spanned by the local stations (&lt;20 km), Rg is rapidly attenuated, and the attenuation is accompanied by a significant shift in peak amplitude toward lower frequency. At regional distances, Rg is below the noise level. The coincident frequency band in which local Rg rapidly loses energy and regional S phases are amplified points toward Rg scattering as the dominant mechanism causing the discrepancies between P/S amplitude ratios in this study. These observations are particularly relevant to the understanding of physical processes affecting regional P/S discriminants and may lead to improvements in discriminant methods.
Three-dimensional finite-difference simulations of long-period strong motions in the Tokyo metropolitan area during the 1990 Odawara earthquake (MJ5.1) and the great 1923 Kanto earthquake (MS8.2) in Japan
Authors: Sato Toshiaki , Graves Robert W. , Somerville Paul G. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUtilizing a crustal velocity model that includes the complexity of the irregular subsurface structure of the Kanto basin, we have performed three-dimensional (3D) finite-difference (FD) simulations of near-source long-period strong ground motions in the Tokyo metropolitan area for the 1990 Odawara (MJ 5.1) and the 1923 Kanto (MS 8.2) earthquakes. Constraints on the development of the 3D velocity model come from available geological and geophysical data, as well as our previous 1D waveform modeling results (Sato et al., 1998a). The simulation of the moderate-sized Odawara earthquake demonstrates that the 3D velocity model works quite well at reproducing the recorded long-period (T &gt; 3.33 sec) strong motions, including basin-generated surface waves, for a number of sites located throughout the Kanto basin region. Using this validated 3D model along with the variable-slip rupture model of Wald and Somerville (1995), we then simulate the long-period (T &gt; 4 sec) ground motions in this region for the 1923 Kanto earthquake. The simulation results for the 1923 event show that the largest ground motions occur east of the epicenter along the central and southern part of the Boso Peninsula. These large motions arise from strong rupture directivity effects and are comprised of relatively simple, source-controlled pulses with a dominant period of about 10 sec. North of the epicentral region, in the Tokyo area, 3D basin-generated phases are quite significant, and these phases produce large-amplitude late-arriving pulses in the ground motions. At station Hongo (HNG), which is the only site having digitized and restored near-fault strong-motion records for this event, our 3D simulations compare quite well with the ground motions of the restored Imamura seismogram. For the restored Ewing record, our 3D simulations reproduce the phase and amplitude of the initial pulses of motion; however, the dominant period of the large-amplitude later phases is noticeably shorter in the simulations (about 5 to 6 sec) than in the observation (13 sec). These results suggest that the restored Imamura seismogram may be a better representation of the gross features of the actual motion than the restored Ewing seismogram, although the first (clipped and restored) part of the Imamura seismogram may still underestimate the strength of the actual motion.