bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of temperature rise within pulp chamber during light curing of composite restoration
Authors: Dange Bhagyashree Suresh , Mootha Ajay , Madhav VNV , Kale Sonal , Nevrekar Siddhi , Attargekar Vikas 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this study, total of 60 extracted human teeth were divided into four groups. Group I and II were subjected to LCU A (2550 mW/cm2) and Group III and IV to LCU B (700 mW/cm2), respectively. The increase in temperature level from baseline was recorded using K type thermocouple while curing of dentin bonding agent and composite resins. The temperature rise was significantly higher for Light Curing Unit A which had higher intensity light than Light Curing Unit B. Remaining dentin thickness of the prepared tooth also has significant role in the temperature rise. Hence, light curing units should be used with caution to avoid over‐exposure of teeth. Dental practitioners need to prepare teeth with silicone indices and pre‐assessment of radiographs to avoid over‐preparation. Regular check of intensity of light curing unit using commercially available intensity meter is advocated.
Globaltest confidence regions and their application to ridge regression
Authors: Xu Ningning , Solari Aldo , Goeman Jelle 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe construct confidence regions in high dimensions by inverting the globaltest statistics, and use them to choose the tuning parameter for penalized regression. The selected model corresponds to the point in the confidence region of the parameters that minimizes the penalty, making it the least complex model that still has acceptable fit according to the test that defines the confidence region. As the globaltest is particularly powerful in the presence of many weak predictors, it connects well to ridge regression, and we thus focus on ridge penalties in this paper. The confidence region method is quick to calculate, intuitive, and gives decent predictive potential. As a tuning parameter selection method it may even outperform classical methods such as cross‐validation in terms of mean squared error of prediction, especially when the signal is weak. We illustrate the method for linear models in simulation study and for Cox models in real gene expression data of breast cancer samples.
Teaching abduction prevention skills to children using a one‐on‐one training setting
Authors: Berube Taylor , MacDonald Jacquelyn , Parry‐Cruwys Diana 
Published: May 2021

AbstractChild abduction is an uncommon but extremely dangerous event. The current study examined teaching abduction prevention skills to typically developing triplet boys using behavior skills training (BST) with the combination of in situ training (IST). We used a concurrent multiple baseline across participants design to evaluate the effects of BST and IST on teaching abduction prevention skills. When encountering a (confederate) stranger, participants were assessed on occurrence of three behaviors: saying “no,” leaving the scene, and telling an adult what happened. After implementing BST, participants were again tested using a novel stranger probe; if the participant scored below a perfect score, then IST was implemented. Two participants did not need IST. One participant received IST and performed the safety skills to mastery following IST. Results demonstrated that BST in a one‐on‐one setting was effective at teaching abduction prevention skills for two participants and effective when combined with IST for one participant.
Visual detection of S2− with a paper‐based fluorescence sensor coated with CdTe quantum dots via headspace sampling
Authors: Pan Yi , Fang Zheng , Chen Hanjiao , Long Zhou , Hou Xiandeng 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA simple method was developed in this work for facile and visual detection of S2− using a paper‐based fluorescence (FL) sensor coated with CdTe quantum dots (QDs) by headspace sampling. With the addition of hydrochloric acid, the target S2− in the liquid phase would transform to H2S, which was released to headspace and quenched the FL of CdTe QDs in a linear manner through a gas–solid reaction, with any possible liquid‐phase interference avoided. The regular quenching caused by S2− in analyte solution with increased concentration could be easily observed by the naked eye, and the limit of detection (LOD) for this method was 0.13 μM and 0.93 μM for FL and visual sensing, respectively, comparable or not to that by other sensing probes. A relative standard deviation of 1.2% was accomplished from seven replicated measurements, implying the high reproducibility, and the recovery for the spiked water samples ranging from 94 to 103%, and illustrating the satisfactory reliability of this method. Moreover, the preparation of this paper sensor was facile and did not require any complicated or time‐consuming procedures for additional modification or functionalization as for other probes previously reported.
Gut microbiota variations in patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder—A systematic review
Authors: Knudsen Julie Kristine , Bundgaard‐Nielsen Caspar , Hjerrild Simon , Nielsen René Ernst , Leutscher Peter , Sørensen Suzette 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe etiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) is multi‐factorial and has been associated with a perturbed gut microbiota. Thus, it is therefore of great importance to determine any variations in gut microbiota in patients with MDD.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted including original research articles based on gut microbiota studies performed in patients with MDD. Demographic and clinical characteristics, applied methodology and observed gut microbiota composition were compared between included studies.ResultsSeventeen studies were included with a total of 738 patients with MDD and 782 healthy controls using different DNA purification methods, sequencing platforms and data analysis models. Four studies found a reduced α‐diversity in patients with MDD, while gut microbiota compositions clustered separately according to β‐diversity between patients and controls in twelve studies. Additionally, there was an increase in relative abundance of Eggerthella, Atopobium, and Bifidobacterium and a decreased relative abundance of Faecalibacterium in patients with MDD compared with healthy controls.ConclusionGut microbiota differs significantly when comparing patients with MDD and healthy controls, though inconsistently across studies. The heterogeneity in gut microbiota compositions between the studies may be explained by variations in study design.
Signature based on metabolic‐related gene pairs can predict overall survival of osteosarcoma patients
Authors: Li Long‐Qing , Zhang Liang‐Hao , Yuan Yao‐bo , Lu Xin‐Chang , Zhang Yi , Liu Yong‐Kui , Wen Jia , Khader Manhas Abdul , Liu Tao , Li Jia‐Zhen , Zhang Yan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundOsteosarcoma is a tumour of malignant origin in children and adolescents. Recent progression indicates that it is necessary to develop new therapies to improve the patient's prognosis rather than strengthen anti‐tumour chemotherapy. Researchers recently realised that cancer is a kind of disease with a metabolic disorder, and metabolic reprogramming is becoming a new cancer hallmark. Hence, our study's primary purpose is to explore the value of genes related to osteosarcoma metabolism.MethodsFrom public databases, three osteosarcoma datasets with adequate clinical information were obtained. Besides, the IMvigor dataset through the ‘IMvigor’ package as a supplement was downloaded, the metabolic‐related genes were identified, and these genes were used to construct the metabolic‐related gene pairs (MRGP). Based on the prognosis‐related MRGP, two molecular subtypes were identified. There are significant differences in the metabolic characteristics between the two molecular subtypes. Subsequently, the MRGP signature is constructed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression method. Finally, use SubMap analysis to evaluate the response of patients in the MRPG signature group to immunotherapy.ResultsThe MRGP signature can reliably predict overall survival in patients with osteosarcoma. The MRGP signature is also associated with osteosarcoma patients’ metastatic status and can be used for subsequent risk classification of metastatic patients. The immunotherapy is more likely to benefit the patients in the MRGP low‐risk group.ConclusionMetabolic‐related gene pairs signature can assess the prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma.
The factorial structure and psychometric properties of the Committed Action Questionnaire (CAQ‐8) in a Portuguese clinical sample with eating disorders
Authors: Rodrigues Tânia F. , Vieira Ana I. , Vaz Ana R. , Brandão Isabel , Timóteo Sertório , Nunes Patrícia , Fernandez‐Aranda Fernando , Machado Paulo P. P. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe Committed Action Questionnaire (CAQ‐8) is an instrument developed to measure committed action, an adaptive psychological process. The main goal in the current study was to confirm the factorial structure of the Portuguese version of the CAQ‐8 in a transdiagnostic clinical sample of participants diagnosed with an eating disorder (ED). Participants were 102 female outpatients (Mage = 28.1, SD = 10.6; MBMI = 20.0, SD = 5.5) recruited from a clinical setting specialized in the treatment of ED. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to confirm the CAQ‐8's factorial structure. Both first‐ and second‐order models revealed adequate goodness‐of‐fit indices (e.g. χ2/df = 1.545, p = .06; SRMR = 0.049; RMSEA = 0.073; CFI/TLI > 0.95). A moderation model revealed that the conditional effect of weight, shape and eating concerns on experiential avoidance was significantly moderated by increased levels of committed action, F(3, 97) = 23.79, p < .001, accounting for 42% of the final variance. The present study supports the usefulness of the CAQ‐8 as a measure of levels of committed action with patients diagnosed with an ED.
Virtual reality in the treatment of eating disorders
Authors: Riva Giuseppe , Malighetti Clelia , Serino Silvia 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOver the last 25 years, virtual reality (VR) has offered innovative solutions for targeting different key symptoms of eating disorders: from craving to negative emotions, from attentional biases to body dissatisfaction. The present narrative review assesses the existing literature in these areas trying to identify their different levels of clinical evidence. Specifically, the review presents four clinical approaches based upon VR and their implications in the treatment of eating disorders: VR cue exposure, VR reference frame shifting, VR for correcting body distortions and attentional biases. In general, existing findings demonstrate the clinical value of VR. On one side, the present review suggests that two VR‐based techniques—VR exposure and reference frame shifting—have a significant research support and provide a possible advantage over traditional cognitive‐behavioural therapy (CBT) for bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. On the other side, two emerging VR applications—multisensory body illusions and the use of VR for the modification of attentional biases—even if supported by preliminary data still need further research.
Shared disadvantage as a determinant of the relationship between White Americans’ socioeconomic status and racial/ethnic prejudice
Authors: Hines Bryon , Rios Kimberly 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe present studies examined the conditions under which low subjective socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with greater racial/ethnic prejudice among White Americans. Using theories of intergroup threat and inclusive victim consciousness, we predicted that describing racial/ethnic minorities as disadvantaged (vs. as competitive or in neutral terms) would increase empathy and reduce prejudice among White Americans who consider themselves low in SES. Study 1 provided correlational evidence that White Americans who perceived themselves as low‐SES (but not high‐SES) were less prejudiced against racial/ethnic minorities the more they perceived minorities as disadvantaged. In Study 2, portraying the target outgroup (Arab immigrants) as disadvantaged increased outgroup empathy, and in turn reduced prejudice, among participants induced to think of themselves as low‐SES. Study 3 conceptually replicated these results using a different outgroup (Mexican Americans) and a behavioral measure of prejudice. Implications for reducing prejudice among White Americans of different socioeconomic backgrounds are discussed.
Three ways to solve partial differential equations with neural networks — A review
Authors: Blechschmidt Jan , Ernst Oliver G. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractNeural networks are increasingly used to construct numerical solution methods for partial differential equations. In this expository review, we introduce and contrast three important recent approaches attractive in their simplicity and their suitability for high‐dimensional problems: physics‐informed neural networks, methods based on the Feynman–Kac formula and methods based on the solution of backward stochastic differential equations. The article is accompanied by a suite of expository software in the form of Jupyter notebooks in which each basic methodology is explained step by step, allowing for a quick assimilation and experimentation. An extensive bibliography summarizes the state of the art.
Formulation and Characterization of Formaldehyde‐Free Chemically Modified Bone‐Based Adhesive for Lignocellulosic Composite Products
Authors: Islam Md Nazrul , Liza Afroza Akter , Khatun Mst. Liza , Faruk Md Omar , Das Atanu Kumar , Dey Moutusi , Akanda Md Jahurul Haque 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study investigates the efficacy of chemically modified bone adhesive as a formaldehyde‐free binder for wood‐based industries. Two different types of adhesive are formulated after chemical modification of bone powder using sulfuric acid (0.5 m) and polyvinyl acetate (PVA). Gel time, solid content, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), viscosity, and single lap joint test for shear strength are analyzed in order to assess the adhesive properties. To analyze the efficacy of the formulated adhesive, particleboards are fabricated using boiled and unboiled sugarcane bagasse. The physical and mechanical properties of the fabricated panels are measured following ASTM standards. It is found that adhesive Type C (T‐C) has the shortest gel time of 4.2 min for the highest shear strength, i.e., 5.31 MPa. The particleboard (BTC‐2) fabricated using T‐C adhesive shows a highest density of 0.73 g cm−3, a modulus of elasticity (MOE) of 1975 N mm−2, and a modulus of rupture (MOR) of 11.80 N mm−2. The dimensional stability of the fabricated particleboards does not follow the standard requirements; however, further study might be helpful for using the chemically modified bone adhesive as a biobased adhesive.
The use of positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging in dementia: A literature review
Authors: Lorking Nicole , Murray Alison D. , O'Brien John T. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectivesPositron emission tomography–magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) is an emerging hybrid imaging system in clinical nuclear medicine. Research demonstrates a comparative utility to current unimodal and hybrid methods, including PET‐computed tomography (PET/CT), in several medical subspecialities such as neuroimaging. The aim of this review is to critically evaluate the literature from 2016 to 2021 using PET/MRI for the investigation of patients with mild cognitive impairment or dementia, and discuss the evidence base for widening its application into clinical practice.MethodsA comprehensive literature search using the PubMed database was conducted to retrieve studies using PET/MRI in relation to the topics of mild cognitive impairment, dementia, or Alzheimer's disease between January 2016 and January 2021. This search strategy enabled studies on all dementia types to be included in the analysis. Studies were required to have a minimum of 10 human subjects and incorporate simultaneous PET/MRI.ResultsA total of 116 papers were retrieved, with 39 papers included in the final selection. These were broadly categorised into reviews (12), technical/methodological papers (11) and new data studies (16). For the current review, discussion focused on findings from the new data studies.ConclusionsPET/MRI offers additional insight into the underlying anatomical, metabolic and functional changes associated with dementia when compared with unimodal methods and PET/CT, particularly relating to brain regions including the hippocampus and default mode network. Furthermore, the improved diagnostic utility of PET/MRI, as reported by radiologists, offers improved classification of dementia patients, with important implications for clinical management.
Race/ethnicity and underlying disease influences hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell mobilization response: A single center experience
Authors: Uzoka Chukwuemeka , Liu Li C. , Park Youngmin , Lin Yuankai , Patel Pritesh , Campbell‐Lee Sally , Sweiss Karen , Wang Xinhe , Tepak Elena , Peace David , Saraf Santosh , Rondelli Damiano , Mahmud Nadim 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundWhether race/ethnicity plays a role in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC) mobilization in autologous donors has not been studied. We hypothesize that donor characteristic including race/ethnicity, age, sex, body mass index, and diagnostic groups influences HSPC mobilization. Diagnostic groups include healthy allogeneic donors, autologous multiple myeloma (MM) and non‐MM donors.Study Design and MethodsHere, we conducted a single‐center retrospective study in 64 autologous patients and 48 allogeneic donors. Autologous donors were patients diagnosed with MM or non‐MM. All donors were grouped as African American (AA), White (W), or “Other”(O).ResultsMultivariate analysis demonstrated diagnostic group differences for CD34+ cell yields between race/ethnicity. Specifically, non‐MM patients had the lowest CD34+ cell yields in AA and O, but not in W. For pre‐apheresis peripheral blood (PB) CD34+ cell numbers, race/ethnicity had a significant effect both in bivariate and multivariate analyses. Non‐MM patients had the lowest, and AA patients had the highest PB CD34+ cells. The results support the view that past therapies used in MM are likely more conducive of recovery of HSPC.ConclusionsOur study shows that race/ethnicity and diagnostic group differences influenced CD34+ cell mobilization response across donor types. Interestingly, autologous MM donors with the aid of plerixafor displayed comparable CD34 yields to allogeneic donors. Even though both MM and non‐MM donors received plerixafor, non‐MM donors had significantly lower CD34 yields among AA and O donors but not in W donors. Larger studies would be required to validate the role of diagnostic groups and race/ethnicity interactions.
Minimally invasive ultrasound‐guided vs open release for carpal tunnel syndrome in working population: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: de la Fuente Javier , Aramendi Jose F. , Ibañez Jose M. , Blasi Marc , Vazquez Alberto , Aurrekoetxea Juan J. , Dávila Fernando 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPurposeTo compare the clinical effectiveness of minimally invasive ultrasound (US)‐guided vs open release for carpal tunnel syndrome.MethodsIn an open randomized controlled trial, 47 employed patients were allocated to US‐guided carpal tunnel release (USCTR) and 42 to an open carpal tunnel release (OCTR) procedure. The main outcome was symptom severity measured by the Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire (BCTQ‐S). Secondary outcomes were hand functionality (BCTQ‐F), nerve conduction, two‐point discrimination, handgrip and pinch strength, pain (visual analog scale), work leave and complications. For BCTQ‐S and BCTQ‐F, minimal clinically important differences (MCID) were also considered. Follow‐up duration was 12 months.ResultsMixed model analyses detected no significant differences between the two treatment arms in BCTQ‐S (P = .098) while BCTQ‐F scores were significantly better in the USCTR group (P = .007). This benefit was, however, not supported by the MCID data. Remaining variables were similar in the two groups except pain which was lower in USCTR at 3 months follow‐up. All variables but two‐point discrimination showed significant improvement after 3 months.ConclusionsOur findings reveal similar symptom relief benefits following OCTR or USCTR in these patients. The patients in our USCTR group, however, reported better hand functional status and less pain.
Acalabrutinib in management of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: An Indian perspective
Authors: Sood Nitin , Varghese Abraham , Chakrabarty Joydeep , Chezhian Subhash , Sopory Pranav 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe treatment landscape of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has witnessed immense changes in the past decade. Several newer target therapies and their combinations with anti‐CD 20 therapies have got approval for management of CLL in the treatment‐naïve and relapsed/refractory setting. Also, the availability of newer diagnostic techniques has helped differentiate the disease into high‐ and low‐risk CLL which acts not just as a prognostic marker but also helps decide the best drug management that can be administered to the patients. Targeted therapy has largely overtaken chemoimmunotherapy in the management of CLL, except for a small subset of the population (young and fit with IGHV mutation). However, with targeted therapy, there is also an issue of previously uncommon treatment‐emergent adverse events, the duration of therapy, and financial toxicity. The aim of this review article is to gather results from all landmark CLL trials and discuss the feasibility of incorporating Acalabrutinib in the CLL landscape from an Indian perspective.
Application of oil‐in‐water nanoemulsions based on grape and cinnamon essential oils for shelf‐life extension of chilled flathead mullet fillets
Authors: Ameur Abderrahmane , Bensid Abdelkader , Ozogul Fatih , Ucar Yilmaz , Durmus Mustafa , Kulawik Piotr , Boudjenah‐Haroun Saliha 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe effect of nanoemulsions prepared with grape seed and cinnamon essential oils on the shelf‐life of flathead mullet (Mugil cephalus) fillets was evaluated by determining physicochemical (pH, free fatty acids, peroxide value, total volatile base nitrogen (TVB‐N), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs)), sensory and microbiological (mesophilic aerobic bacteria, total psychrophilic bacteria, and Enterobacteriaceae counts) properties during 14 day storage at 2 °C.RESULTSThe nanoemulsions showed good stability and low average droplet size. The results indicated that nanoemulsion treatments significantly prolonged the shelf‐life of the fillets. Treatment inhibited increases in pH and TVB‐N, and retarded lipid oxidation and hydrolysis. Sensory assessment revealed that treatment induced shelf‐life extension from 10 to 14 days, compared with controls. Microbiological analyses showed nanoemulsion treatment caused shelf‐life extension from 10 to 12 days with reduction of microbiological contamination by up to 1 log cfu g−1 in mesophilic and 1.5 log cfu g−1 in psychrotrophic bacteria.CONCLUSIONConsidering the results, grape seed and cinnamon essential oil nanoemulsions could be considered as novel antimicrobial and antioxidant materials for shelf‐life extension of flathead mullet fillets during cold storage. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.