bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyclonal free light chains in IgA-nephropathy: correlation with clinical and morphological parameters and prognostic significance
Authors: Churko A. A. , Khrabrova M. S. , Smirnov A. V. 
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND. Mechanisms of the initiation of renal interstitial inflammation and fibrosis caused by immunoglobulin monoclonal free light chains (mFLC) in monoclonal gammopathy are well established. As far as these damage pathways are considered to be universal we hypothesize that polyclonal free light chains (pFLC) could have a similar effect on tubular and interstitial tissue and lead to chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression in primary glomerulopathies. THE AIM of this retrospective study was to analyze the association of pFLC kappa (pFLC-κ) and lambda (pFLC-λ) assessed in serum by Freelite® with clinical and morphological parameters and CKD progression in IgA-nephropathy (IgAN) cohort.PATIENTS AND METHODS. In this retrospective study, we enrolled 24 patients with IgAN proven by kidney biopsy (KBx). pFLC-κ and pFLC-λ levels were assessed in all cases at the time of KBx by Freelite® method (N pFLC-κ=3.3-19.4 mg/l, N pFLC-λ=5.7-26.3 mg/l). The normal κ/λ ratio was the inclusion criterion. In all cases, we determined serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate by CKD-EPI method (eGFRCKD-EPI), and daily proteinuria. Morphological findings were defined semiquantitatively by light and immunofluorescence microscopy. Oxford MEST-C score was evaluated as well as % of glomerulosclerosis. Correlation between parameters was assessed by Spearman’s coefficient. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to analyze the association of parameters with the progression of CKD estimated as an elevation of serum creatinine ≥25 % from the initial level or the initiation of renal replacement therapy at the end of the follow-up period (median was 28 (7; 37) months).RESULTS. Median of pFLC-κ 30.2 (6.1; 67.5) mg/l, median of pFLC-λ 27.6 (11.1; 92.1) mg/l. Levels of pFLC-κ and pFLC-λ were increased in 66.7 % and 50 % of patients, respectively. eGFR CKD-EPI median was 41 (26; 65) ml/min/1.73m2. Serum creatinine correlates with pFLC-κ (R=0.62, p<0.01) and pFLC-λ (R=0.45, p=0.03). Among morphological parameters pFLC-κ correlates with interstitial inflammation (R=0.47, p=0.02), tubular atrophy (R=0.54, p<0.01), interstitial fibrosis (R=0.44, p=0.03), peritubular capillaritis (R=0.42, p=0.04), T-score (R=0.66, p<0.01) and combined MEST-C score (R=0.45, p=0.03). For pFLC-λ the correlations with tubular atrophy (R=0.45, р=0.03) and Т-score (R=0.56, p<0.01) were shown. In Univariate Cox regression analysis pFLC-κ and pFLC-λ were associated with CKD progression (Exp(ß)=1.053; 95,0 %CI 1.003-1.105; p=0.038 and Exp(ß)= 1.041; 95,0 %CI 1.002-1.082; p=0.038, respectively) CONCLUSION. Polyclonal FLC, mostly pFLC-κ, were associated with tubulointerstitial inflammation and fibrosis in patients with IgAN. Increased levels of either pFLC-κ or λ could be proposed as a predictor of CKD progression in patients with IgAN.
Possibilities of predicting the risk of cardiorenal syndrome in patients with chronic kidney disease on the background of congenital malformations of the urinary system
Authors: Mambetova A. M. , Вizheva D. V. , Mokayeva M. K. , Nagatsyeva A. L. 
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND. Currently, there is no doubt that there is a close relationship between the condition of the kidneys and the cardiovascular system. Neurohormonal systems various parts long-term hyperactivation is important in the development of pathological processes. Natriuretic peptides provide cardio and renoprotective effects, inhibit the activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). AIM. To establish the prognostic significance of determining the concentration of natriuretic peptides in comparison with the activity of RAAS in children with congenital malformations of the urinary system to assess the risk of cardiovascular complications.PATIENTS AND METHODS. 76 patients with congenital malformations OUS aged 3 to 18 years were examined: – 40 children with congenital vesicoureteral reflux, – 18 children with hydronephrosis, 18 children with other forms of OUS dysembryogenesis ( 10 patients with renal agenesis, 8-with hypoplasia). The control group consisted of 10 clinically healthy children of the appropriate age. The following parameters were determined in the blood by the enzyme immunoassay: renin, aldosterone, n-terminal propeptide of natriuretic hormone (NТ-рroВNР).RESULTS. Hyperproduction of NТ-рroВNР was observed in 61.8 % of patients, stimulation of renin and/or aldosterone production in 39.5 % of cases. Elevated levels of natriuretic peptides were found in 32.8 % of cases in 25 children with congenital OUS defects without signs of arterial hypertension (AH) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Significantly higher concentrations of (NТ-рroВNР), renin, and aldosterone are recorded in patients with AH and LVH.CONCLUSION. The increased level of natriuretic peptides is noted earlier than the clinical and instrumental signs of heart dysfunction are noticeable, it is important in identifying early stages of cardiovascular complications, evaluating the prognosis, and in justifying renoprotective treatment in pediatric Nephrology practice.
ANALISIS KELAYAKAN USAHATANI SEMANGKA (STUDI KASUS DI DESA JANGKAR, KECAMATAN JANGKAR, KABUPATEN SITUBONDO)
Authors: Musleh Edi , Mayangsari Andina 
Published: February 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pendapatan terhadap hasil produksi pada usahatani semangka Desa Jangkar Kecamatan Jangkar Kabupaten Situbondo dan untuk mengetahui tingkat efesiensi terhadap produksi pada usahatani semangka Desa Jangkar Kecamatan Jangkar Kabupaten Situbondo. Metode penelitian yang gunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif yang diperkuat dengan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan survey dan Analisis datanya menggunakan R/C Ratio. Berdasarkan dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dan telah diuraikan sebelumnya, maka dapat ditarik beberapa kesimpulan dari keseluruhan hasil penelitian yaitu rata-rata pendapatan usahatani semangka dalam satu musim tanam di Desa Jangkar Kecamatan Jangkar Kabupaten Situbondo sebesar Rp 9.089.470. Hasil tingkat efesiensi terhadap produksi pada usahatani semangka Desa Jangkar Kecamatan Jangkar Kabupaten Situbondoyaitu 2,080, lebih besar dari 1 (satu) maka usahatani semangka efisien
ANALISIS KEPUASAN KONSUMEN TERHADAP MINAT BELI PRODUK BUNGA MELATI(STUDI KASUS DESA TALKANDANG, KECAMATAN SITUBONDO, KABUPATEN SITUBONDO)
Authors: Wahid Fahris Abdurrahman , Puryantoro Puryantoro 
Published: February 2021

Era globalisasi memunculkan banyak masalah dari segi persaingan bisinis yang semakin kompetitif termasuk di dalamnya sektor pertanian. Pemasaran produk pertanian sangat berbeda dengan berbagai produk lain sebab mudah rusak dan tidak tahan lama, karenanya para pelaku dibidang ini harus mempertimbangkan berbagai hal di dalam pemasaran yang berimbas pada kepuasan konsumen, dimana hal tersebut sangat menentukan minat beli konsumen. Bunga melati merupakan salah satu komoditas tanaman hias (folrikultura) berupa perdu berbatang tegak yang hidup menahun. Tanaman ini merupakan salahsatu tanaman yang dibudidayakan secrara intensif oleh sebagian petani di Desa Talkandang Kecamatan Situbondo Kabupaten Situbondo lebih dari 50 tahun lalu. Kepuasan konsumen merupakan faktor utama yang mempengaruhi timbulnya minat beli konsumen, karenaya variabel-variabel dalam kepuasan konsumen berupa kualitas produk, kualitas pelayanan, harga, inovasi produk, ketersediaan produk dan hubungan emosional merupakan aspek yang dikaji guna melihat pengaruhnya terhadap minat beli konsumen akan produk bunga melati di Desa Talkandang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel-variabel dalam kepuasan berupa berupa kualitas produk, kualitas pelayanan, harga, inovasi produk, ketersediaan produk dan hubungan emosional berpengaruh terhadap minat beli hanya secara simultan atau bersama-sama. Keenam variabel bebas tersebut mempengaruhi minat beli hanya secara simultan sebesar 35,3%, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 64,7 % dijelaskan oleh variabel lain di luar penelitian ini.
KAJIAN EKONOMI TENAGA KERJA SUB SEKTOR PERKEBUNAN TEMBAKAU BERBASIS GENDER (STUDI KASUS DI DESA SUBOH KECAMATAN KABUPATEN SITUBONDO)
Authors: Efendi Khoirul , Sulistyaningsih Sulistyaningsih 
Published: February 2021

Sektor perkebunan di Indonesia setiap tahunnya terus berkembang. Perkembangan sektor perkebunan memiliki arti penting dalam pengembangan pertanian baik skala regional maupun nasional tembakau menjadi salah satu komoditas paling banyak dikembangkan di indonesia selain kelapa sawit. Penyerapan tenaga kerja sub sektor perkebunan khususnya pada komoditi tembakau masih ada ketimpangan, bidang ini masih banyak dijumpai kesenjangan/ketidakadilan gender. Minimnya partisipasi perempuan dalam proses pembangunan khususnya bidang pertanian, membuat program-program yang dijalankan kurang dapat memberikan keadilan kepada perempuan. Pengambil kebijakan umumnya telah membuat banyak kebijakan berkaitan dengan partisipasi perempuan dan keadilan gender untuk pelaksanaan program. Akan tetapi di tingkat pelaksana lapangan ada kesulitan untuk mengimplementasikan program secara lebih berpartisipatif dan berkeadilan bagi perempuan. Penyerapan tenaga kerja laki-laki dan perempuan pada usahatani tembakau di Desa Suboh Kecamatan Suboh Kabupaten Situbondo mulai dari persiapan lahan sampai dengan panen dalam usahatani tembakau yang telah dikonversiakan menjadi 1 hektar yaitu tenaga kerja laki-laki sebesar 71 % (165 orang) dan tenaga kerja perempuan 29 % (69 orang).
PENGEMBANGAN PENANGKARAN BENIH TEBU (Saccharum officinarum L.) METODE SINGGLE BUD PLANTING UNTUK MENUNJANG SWASEMBADA GULA NASIONAL
Authors: Suhesti Endang , Puryantoro Puryantoro , Suryaningsih Yasmini 
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kampung Locancang, Desa Paowan, kecamatan Panarukan, Kabupaten Situbondo, Jawa Timur. Tujuannya adalah untuk meningkatkan ketersediaan benih tebu unggul bersertifikat bagi petani melalui perluasan KBD di setiap Wilayah Kerja Pabrik Gula. Bahan tanam diperoleh dari Kebun Percobaan (KP) P3GI Pasuruan. Varietas yang ditanam adalah Varietas tebu unggul (PS 862). Pendekatan taksasi produksi mata tunas per hektar menggunakan persamaan regresi eksponensial sehingga akan diketahui kebutuhan benih berdasarkan luasan areal tanam dan dapat dibuat rekomendasi jumlah dan sebaran penangkar benih di wilayah Pabrik Gula di Kabupaten Situbondo. Taksasi produksi jumlah mata per hektar dapat dilakukan sebelum panen (umur tanaman 5 BST) dengan menggunakan regresi eksponensial. Metode ini diterapkan untuk system tanam bagal. Hasil penelitian menghasilkan jumlah batang rata-rata per hektar adalah 8.49 batang/m sehingga produksi mata tunas per hektar yang ditanam dengan metode bagal adalah 681.888,6 mata per ha. Jumlah ini dapat digunakan untuk benih tanam tebu KTG seluas 7.01 hektar. Untuk luas wilayah tanam PG. Wringin Anom adalah 924,0 ha membutuhkan benih untuk KTG sebanyak 88.704.000 mata tunas. Dengan metode bagal dapat dipenuhi dari luas lahan KBD 130,09 ha. Sementara untuk Wilayah Kerja PG. Pandji dengan luas tanam 124 ha membutuhkan benih sebanyak 11.956.060 mata tunas, dapat dipenuhi dari 17,53 ha lahan KBD, Dengan metode SBP kebutuhan benih dapat dipenuhi dari lahan KBD seluas 39,32 ha dengan dengan jumlah benih 1.108.800 mata. Untuk PG. kebutuhan benih tersebut dapat dipenuhi dari lahan KBD seluas 5.3 ha dengan jumlah benih yang ditanam sebanyak 149.451 mata tunas.
PERSEPSI PETANI TERHADAP PERAN PENYULUH DALAM PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI PERTANIAN
Authors: Sahripin Sahripin , Puryantoro Puryantoro 
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi petani terhadap peran Penyuluh Pertanian dan menganalisis data apa saja yang mempengaruhi peran Penyuluh Pertanian tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey dengan teknik pengambilan sampel Purposive Sampling, diperoleh 44 responden yang mewakili petani di Kecamatan Jangkar Kabupaten Situbondo. Data diperoleh melalui kuisioner dan wawancara terhadap petani responden. Pengumnpulan data dilakukan dari bulan Mei sampai Juli 2019. Metode analisis data menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif. Data yang diperoleh diolah menggunakan tabel data frekuensi dan persentase dengan alat bantu kalkulator dan komputer yang menggunakan Microsoft Exel dan software SPSS 24for windows. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Persepsi petani terhadap peran penyuluh dalam peningkatan produksi pertanian di Kecamatan Jangkar tergolong sangat tinggi atau dapat dikatakan “sangat setuju”. Faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi secara nyata terhadap peran penyuluh dalam peningkatan produksi pertanian yakni umur petani dan tingkat pendidikan petani. Sedangkan untuk faktor – faktor yang tidak berpengaruh secara nyata terhadap peran penyuluh dalam peningkatan produksi pertanian yakni lama usahatani, luas lahan, pengetahuan petani, dan interaksi sosial petani. Seluruh variabel independen yakni umur petani, tingkat pendidikan, lama usahatani, luas lahan, pengetahuan petani, dan interaksi sosial petani secara bersama – sama berpengaruh terhadap persepsi petani terhadap peran penyuluh dalam peningkatan produksi pertanian di Kecamatan Jangkar pada tingkat keyakinan 95%.
STUDI KOMPARATIF PENDAPATAN USAHATANI LABU KUNING ANTARA PETANI YANG BERMITRA DAN NON MITRA DI KABUPATEN SITUBONDO
Authors: Kinsai Kinsai , Nangameka Yohanes 
Published: February 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah ingin menganalisis perbedaan produksi dan perbedaan pendapatan serta efisiensi usahatani labu kuning antara petani yang bermitra dan non mitra di Kabupaten Situbondo. Penentuan daerah penelitian ditentukan secara purposive sampling yang dipilih berdasarkan tujuan tertentu yang dipandang sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian. Metode Slovin dalam penelitian digunakan untuk menentukan jumlah sampel. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 43 sampel terdiri dari 18 usahatani labu kuning sistem kemitraan dan 25 usahatani sistem non kemitraan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah : total produksi usahatani labu kuning sistem kemitraan adalah sebanyak 270.720 kg per periode tanam sedangkan sistem non kemitraan adalah sebanyak 11.600 kg per periode tanam dan total pendapatan usahatani labu kuning sistem kemitraan sebesar Rp. 514.053.839 dan non kemitraan sebesar Rp. 27.187.000 dan efisiensi sistem kemitraan sebesar 3,42 dan non kemitraan sebesar 3,94. Hasil uji beda tingkat produksi diperoleh t hitung > t tabel dan tingkat pendapatan diperoleh t hitung > t tabel serta tingkat efisiensi diperoleh t hitung < t tabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan produksi dan perbedaan pendapatan serta perbedaan efisiensi usahatani labu kuning antara sistem kemitraan dan non kemitraan.
Assessment of the dust catching capacity of the leaves of some plant species growing along the road sides
Authors: Raina Anil K. , Sarin Priyanka 
Published: February 2021

The present study has been carried out to assess the dust catching capacity of the leaves of five different species viz. Alstonia scholaris Linn., Cassia siamea Lam., Morus alba L., Nerium indicum L. and Thevitia peruviana (Pers.) K. Schum, growing along the road side ( taken as polluted site ) and away from the road side ( taken as reference site). The evaluation of the data revealed that the dust content on the surface of leaves of all selected species was more at polluted locations in comparison to those growing at reference location. Among the selected species Cassia siamea Lam. shows highest dust catching capacity while the minimum dust catching capacity has been recorded for Nerium indicum L. The highest dust catching capacity of Cassia siamea Lam. has been attributed to its horizontal position of leaves while the minimum dust catching capacity of Nerium indicum L. to its thick, leathery surface and the orientation of the leaves which are growing at an angle with the stem.
The Analysis on Articulation (Joint) Space in Matrix of Iranian Architecture Case Study: Forecourt (Doorway Space) of Sigari House at Yazd City
Authors: Hashempour Rahim , Saeed Lia Nasser 
Published: February 2021

The historical monuments in Iranian architecture are the proof of the rich and practical experience in creating successful architecture and urban planning collections aiming the sense of place. Considering proper distance between components and making appropriate volume combinations so-called joints are few experiences achieved through this context. This is a far-reaching and comprehensive topic that brings valuable lessons in various architecture and urbanism fields so it is necessary to focus more on this subject. Although collected and reliable research in this area does not exist, but a diffused remarks about the role and the effect of considering this issue in some author’s points of view can be found that have been used in this study.Using this concept allegorically in architecture may be practical in various ways so that one can refer to its different types in functional field of articulates such as access, indoor-outdoor, full and blank spaces, and constructional field in material and structural articulates .This research is aimed to study the connected and interstitial spaces especially the forecourt (the open area at the front of the doorway) in order to distinguish the interstitial spaces from other spaces. With the help of this research which the data collection method was through library and field, we can conclude that the forecourt is a sort of dialogue between the visitors and the monument and the monument to the monument itself which try to provide a proper platform to the audiences and visitors and, moreover, the amount of the ornaments and its elements is related to the social, economic and cultural situation of the residents.
An analysis of the circumstances and factors that have influenced the development of Animation Industry in Iran in the 1960-2002 periods
Authors: Golmohammadi Naser 
Published: February 2021

In the early part of 20th century animation emerged as a revolutionary way of making art. It evolved into a powerful means of expression and creativity of artists who could merge all art genres into one art form. The subsequent developments of animation have opened its diverse uses in entertainment business, education and political propaganda.
This article attempts to examine the factors that have influenced and shaped the development of animation industry in Iran. It takes a historical view and investigates the impacts of changing socio-economic and political forces that have determined the functions of animation in the Iranian society. The study traces the establishment of the industry to the government-run centres, describing the pioneering role of artists who gave rise to the ‘golden age’ of animation in the pre-revolutionary Iran. Especial attention is throughout paid to the long and rich cultural and artistic heritages, as the thematic basis for indigenously produced animated films in Iran. The growth of the industry is considered in conjuncture with the expansion of feature films cinema and expansion of television networks. The latter is particularly important for the fact that it provides a secured market for a sizeable audience of children and young people in Iran. The study analyses the impact of the 1979 Islamic Revolution on the animation industry from a period of stagnation to a highly promoted and government sponsored artistic and industrial activity. In the post-revolutionary period, the industry was transformed from one reflecting the Iranian history and culture to the one that emphasises the Islamic-Iranian values and Islamic traditions; hence animation has become an ideological means in propagating the cultural policy of the state. Thus, animation has increasingly become a cultural industry assigned to supply growing needs of television and artistic works reserved for international festivals.This research is largely based on extensive interviews with animation artists and those who are working in the industry complemented with a sample of questionnaires addressed to both Iranian artists and foreign observers and participants in the Iranian International festivals on animation. The research methodology is also supplemented with the research on printed materials – very few and often descriptive- and personal experience of working over twenty years in the industry.
Russia's energy weapon as a tool against the expansion of NATO to the East
Authors: Iman Pesaran  Ghader , Reza M.A, Jalalli , Khosravi. Muhammad Ali 
Published: February 2021

After the Soviet collapse, the US-led NATO actions, in Eastern Europe and Central Asia has led to confrontation between Russia and the West in the region. Russia considers these actions a threat to its national security, reducing its power and influence and restrict its economic relations with its buffer zones. Moscow adopting policies such as anti-missile defense shield in Eastern Europe, leaving the CFE Treaty, creation of the CSTO and the use of energy as a practical weapon has withstand against the West. The country is the main supplier of the natural gas required for Europe and Eurasia, and is trying to run away the NATO from its red lines, use the it advantage to threat the newly independent republics of Europe Union by gas cut off and energy sanctions. The use of energy as a threatening tool by Russia has become a procedure to carry out its policies, which leads to a mistrust against the Russia and the countries are turning to other suppliers of the natural gas. Given the fact that the sale of energy is the main revenues of Russia, it seems, this threat will put Russia's into economic and political damage. The above mentioned topics, is the subject of this research.
Identifying and prioritizing the influential factors in the absorption of foreign direct investment the AHP model (Case Study: Kurdistan Province
Authors: Sokhanvar Mohammad , Mahmoodi Negar 
Published: February 2021

Foreign direct investment cannot be only the source of capital production (formation) but also can be more importantly be used as a tool of production technology. Skills, innovation facilities and manage mental and organizational contracts among the parties and reciprocally can act as a device for having access to international marketing network. This research is functional- developmental in terms of objective and based on collecting data and information is of descriptive and experimental type and in terms of implementing method is of measurement type as well. The research aimed to identify and prioritize the effective factors on the FDI absorption in Kurdistan province in 1394. Experts from the research statistical population and the expert sampling method is non-randomly and available, In this research an effort has been made to identify and prioritize effective factors, on the FDI absorption in Kurdistan province using the AHP model and sensitivity analysis method. The results show that economic factors have already been of greatest importance in the province FDI absorption and subsequently political- social and natural factors. These factors such as exchange rate, capital return, energy, natural resources , economic infrastructures, taxes and investment security have the highest effect and other variables such as economy openness, free trade and bureaucracy red line have the lowest effect on the province FDI absorption.