bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case Report: Total Nephrectomy for Renal Hydatidosis
Authors: Hernández-Córdova Gustavo , Failoc-Rojas Virgilio E. , Tarco Rigel , Iglesias-Osores Sebastian , Romaní Franco 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT.
Cystic echinococcosis, known as hydatidosis, is a parasitic zoonosis caused by the larvae of Echinococcus granulosus. Renal hydatidosis is a very rare condition, representing 1% to 2% of cases. We present an 18-year-old patient who, after suffering a trauma, experienced severe lower back pain and persistent gross hematuria disproportionate to the trauma. Ultrasonography and tomography revealed cystic images compatible with right renal hydatidosis and hemoperitoneum. In addition, rapid clinical deterioration was observed with decreased hematocrit, leading to lumpectomy with abundant cysts inside and outside the right kidney, without viable parenchyma. Therefore, a total nephrectomy was performed. The patient was discharged with albendazole treatment. Pathological anatomic analysis confirmed the diagnosis of hydatidosis. Surgery remains the best therapeutic option. The use of ultrasonography improves the early detection of zoonosis, especially in pediatric patients, and favors the use of more conservative therapeutic techniques.
An Integrated District Mapping Strategy for Loiasis to Enable Safe Mass Treatment for Onchocerciasis in Gabon
Authors: Ella Sylvie Ntsame , Ogoussan Kisito , Gass Katherine , Hundley Lee , Diggle Peter J. , Johnson Olatunji , Biamonte Marco , Atsame Julienne 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT.
The lack of a WHO-recommended strategy for onchocerciasis treatment with ivermectin in hypo-endemic areas co-endemic with loiasis is an impediment to global onchocerciasis elimination. New loiasis diagnostics (LoaScope; Loa antibody rapid test) and risk prediction tools may enable safe mass treatment decisions in co-endemic areas. In 2017–2018, an integrated mapping strategy for onchocerciasis, lymphatic filariasis (LF), and loiasis, aimed at enabling safe ivermectin treatment decisions, was piloted in Gabon. Three ivermectin-naïve departments suspected to be hypo-endemic were selected and up to 100 adults per village across 30 villages in each of the three departments underwent testing for indicators of onchocerciasis, LF, and loiasis. An additional 67 communities in five adjoining departments were tested for loiasis to extend the prevalence and intensity predictions and possibly expand the boundaries of areas deemed safe for ivermectin treatment. Integrated testing in the three departments revealed within-department heterogeneity for all the three diseases, highlighting the value of a mapping approach that relies on cluster-based sampling rather than sentinel sites. These results suggest that safe mass treatment of onchocerciasis may be possible at the subdepartment level, even in departments where loiasis is present. Beyond valuable epidemiologic data, the study generated insight into the performance of various diagnostics and the feasibility of an integrated mapping approach utilizing new diagnostic and modeling tools. Further research should explore how programs can combine these diagnostic and risk prediction tools into a feasible programmatic strategy to enable safe treatment decisions where loiasis and onchocerciasis are co-endemic.
Epidemiological Isolation May Explain Differences in Historical Respiratory Infectious Disease Mortality
Authors: Shanks G. Dennis 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT.
Indigenous and aboriginal peoples of the Americas and Pacific died at enormous rates soon after joining the global pathogen pool in the seventeenth to nineteenth centuries from respiratory infections such as smallpox, measles, and influenza. It was widely assumed that this represented a selection process against primitive societies. Darwinian selection for specific genetic resistance factors seems an unlikely hypothesis given that some populations stabilized quickly over two to three generations. European-origin populations whose childhood was marked by epidemiological isolation also suffered high infectious disease mortality from respiratory pathogens. American soldiers with smallpox, South African (Boer) children with measles, and New Zealand soldiers with influenza suggest that epidemiological isolation resulting in few previous respiratory infections during childhood may be a consistent mortality risk factor. Modern studies of innate immunity following Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) in infancy point toward rapid immune adaptation rather than evolutionary selection as an explanation for excessive first contact epidemic mortality from respiratory pathogens.
Prospects and methods of polyploid selection of new high-yielding miscanthus clones in the natural climatic conditions of Ukraine
Authors: Roik M. V. , Kovalchuk N. S. , Zinchenko O. A. , Humentyk M. Ya. , Honcharuk H. S. 
Published: November 2021

Goal. Expanding the breeding trait collection of breeding genotypes of the genus Miscanthus (Anderson) and the genetic basis for new allotriploid clones by transferring components for hybridization of natural wild species Miscanthus sinensis and Miscanthus sacchariflorus to the tetraploid level.
Methods. Cytological, biotechnological, fluorescent cytphotometry, field, laboratory.
Results. The efficiency of polyploidisation for induction of new tetraploid forms of miscanthus in liquid nutrient media supplemented with colchicine (0.05% mass) and for stabilization of myxoploid shoots (0.005% mass) for 6 h of cultivation is examined. The period of exposure for Miscanthus sinensis (2x=2x= 38) and Miscanthus sacchariflorus (2x = 2x = 38) varied from 2 hours to 3 days depending on the genetic origin of the material, with transfer to a hormonal environment. The best indicators of tetraploid induction for Miscanthus sinensis were observed for the exposure period of 2 days with polyploidization efficiency (Db%) of 31.25% and 21.42%, and for Miscanthus sacchariflorus 2 and 6 hours with 35.0% and 27.3%, respectively. The technology of transfering rooted shoots into the soil on the Yaltushkiv Eperimental Breeding Farm was improved and the composition of the soil mixture that provided 99% rooting of culture seedlings at a humidity of 60−70% and air temperature of 35−55°С was found.
Conclusions. New biotechnological tetraploid lines of Miscanthus sinensis (2xn=4x=76) and Miscanthus sacchariflorus (2xn=4x=76) were created in the conditions of liquid nutrient media supplemented with colchicine (0.05 % mass). It is investigated that flowering of new tetraploid clones in the conditions of Ukraine for the second year of vegetation occurs from late September to early October with formation of fertile pollen grains.
The role of the «Sugar Beet» magazine in popularization of agricultural energy crops and technologies of their processing for biofuel (1997–2018)
Authors: Yaholnyk O. O. , Yaholnyk O. H. 
Published: November 2021

Introduction. Ukraine in the Russian Empire and in Soviet times, as you know, occupied a leading position in the production of beets and sugar. But until 1997, Ukrainian beet growers did not have their own professional Ukrainian-language print publication, although there was an urgent need for it. The industry journal Sugar Beet, which, in fact, became the first communication platform in Ukraine for the implementation of production-scientific and educational-explanatory functions related to the development of beet-growing and bioenergy, was founded in 1997. Sugar Beet was one of the first journals in independent Ukraine in 1998 to be included in the List of Professional Scientific Publications of Ukraine Recommended for the Publication of the Main Results of Doctoral and Candidate's Dissertations in the Department of Agricultural Sciences. The key place in the columns of the publication was occupied not only by sugar beets (Beta vulgaris), but also by the coverage of research work related to the launch of the process of moving some dual-application crops in the research fields and research laboratories of the institute located on Batyi Hill, and some new and until recently little-known for Ukraine so-called ‘energy’ crops (sugar sorghum, miscanthus, switchgrass, Sudan grass, salix, etc.), in special bioenergy plantations to obtain biomass and process it into various types of energy, which later stimulated and, in fact, symbolized a breakthrough in terms of forming a new independent bioenergy (phytoenergy) industry in Ukraine. 1076 original research and production articles were published in the columns, the authors of which are not only scientists and practitioners of the crop industry, but creators of high-yielding varieties in Ukraine and abroad – in Russia, Kazakhstan, Germany, Switzerland, Belarus and others. countries; At the same time, each 5–6 articles published under the headings such as Non-traitional Crops, Biotechnology, Breeding and Genetics, Agrotechnology or Bioenergy directly or indirectly covers the problems of development of so-called special ‘energy’ plants. A section on world and domestic trends in the development of renewable and non-traditional energy sources has found a permanent residence on the pages of the journal.
Conclusion. The study shows that one of the oldest scientific and production editions – Sugar Beet – has played an important and timeless role not only in the development of the beet and sugar industry, but also in the history of bioenergy. Its issues are still available online on the official website of the IBCSB (see journal.sugarbeet.gov.ua.).
Evaluación crítica de las Bases para el plan de nación
Authors: González Luis Armando , Romano Luis Ernesto , Vargas Escolero Henry Marcel , Villacorta Carmen Elena 
Published: November 2021

El objetivo del artículo es evaluar críticamente las Bases para el plan de nación. Las interrogantes que lo orientan son las siguientes: ¿qué ideas de sociedad, política y economía se manejan en el documento Bases para el plan de nación? ¿Cuáles son las limitaciones conceptuales de esas ideas? ¿Qué excluyen e incluyen? ¿Cuál es su consistencia ante la realidad nacional? El trabajo intenta responder a esas preguntas, sin perder de vista que se trata solamente de una modesta contribución al debate sobre el documento elaborado por la Comisión Nacional de Desarrollo.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 53, No. 594, 1998: 295-318.
La reforma de la administración pública
Authors: García Cachafeiro María Jesús 
Published: November 2021

Respecto al ordenamiento jurídico y a la realidad del derecho que vive la nación, Bases para el plan de nación destaca la necesidad de "garantizar la vigencia del Estado de derecho, ... ", para lo cual considera dos condiciones imprescindibles: la modernización de la legislación y el respeto al principio de seguridad jurídica, y el control en el ejercicio del poder. Para ello propone diversos cambios que, en su conjunto, señalan la necesidad de reformar la administración pública, ya que en esa entidad se manifiestan las líneas básicas de la dirección política del gobierno.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 53, No. 594, 1998: 343-356.
Centroamérica
Authors: González Luis Armando 
Published: November 2021

El autor reflexiona acerca de las relaciones existentes entre violencia, integración regional y globalización, tratando de iluminar esas relaciones a partir de la experiencia centroamericana. Su idea central es que en Centroamérica no sólo se están perfilando, en la actualidad, dos procesos de integración, uno formal -buscado por los gobiernos- y otro real -propiciado por el crimen organizado-, sino que a éste último se asocian formas de violencia particulares que no son ajenas a la "transnacionalización del crimen" propiciada por la globalización.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 53, No. 595-596, 1998: 433-447.
Peranan Badan Pertanahan Nasional/Agraria Dan Tata Ruang Dalam Penyelesaian Sertifikat Ganda Di Kabupaten Banyumas
Authors: Hartariningsih Ninik , Ningrum Esti , Hariadi Wahyu 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
The number of cases or disputes in the field of land, one of which is due to the existence of multiple certificates, in which this problem can be caused by good ethics and good ethics. This is because land has a close relationship with humans, both for housing and for business. Therefore, the law requires the owner of land rights to register their land, so that they have legal guarantees and guarantees of their rights. Double certificates occur in the case of land being abandoned by a certified owner, for a period of more than 20 years so that the land grows with a thicket, which is then controlled by someone else in good faith for more than 20 years, then the person increases his right of ownership. This is justified by law because the person has controlled the land for more than 20 years, in addition, because the land has been neglected for more than 20 years, the right to annul the land is controlled by the State.
Keywords: BPN/ATR, Solution, Double Certificate

Abstrak. Banyaknya kasus/sengketa dibidang pertanahan, yang salah satunya adalah karena adanya sertifikat ganda, yang mana masalah ini dapat dikarenakan etikat tidak baik maupun etikat baik. Hal ini dikarenakan bahwa tanah mempunyai hubungan yang erat dengan manusia, baik untuk tempat tinggal maupun untuk berusaha. Oleh karenanya Undang- Undang mewajibkan sipemilik hak atas tanah untuk mendaftarkan tanahnya, agar mempunyai jaminan hukum dan jaminan haknya. Sertifikat ganda terjadi dalam hal tanah ditelantarkan oleh pemiliknya yang sudah bersertifikat, dalam jangka waktu lebih dari 20 tahun sehingga tanah tersebut tumbuh semak belukat, yang kemudian dikuasai oleh orang lain dengan itikat baik selama lebih dari 20 tahun, kemudian orang tersebut meningkatkan haknya menjadi hak milik.Hal ini dibenarkan oleh undang-undang karena org tersebut telah menguasai tanah tersebut selama lebih dari 20 tahun, selain itu karena tanah tersebut ditelntarkan selama lebih Dri 20 tahun, maka haknya hapus tanah dikuasai oleh Negara.
Kata Kunci : BPN/ATR, Penyelesaian, Sertifikat Ganda
Stress, anxiety and depression levels among nurses working at Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan
Authors: Jan Anayat , Naz Sehrish , Ahmad Ashfaq , Zamin Shabnam 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Though mental disorders have remained global issues, their relationship with stressful life styles and occupations are a modern phenomenon. Anxiety and depression can become permanent components of personality, thereby affecting productivity and social activities.
Objective: To determine the stress, anxiety and depression levels among nurses working at Hayatabad Medical Complex, Medical Teaching Institution, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 100 nurses by using convenient sampling technique at Hayatabad Medical Complex, Medical Teaching Institution, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, over 6 months duration from March 2020 to August 2020. A valid, reliable and adopted DASS-21 Scale was used for data collection. The data were analyzed for descriptive statistics by SPSS version 22.0.
Results: Among all participants, 76% were female and 26% were male and have experience from 6 months to 20 years. More than half of the participants were highly affected by stress, anxiety and depression, and significant associations have been found between demographic variables, stress, anxiety and depression. The mean score of Stress, Anxiety and Depression was 16.74, 14.12 and 16.44 respectively.
Conclusion: In conclusion, health care settings should provide their employees a respectful, culture sensitive and supportive environment to single female staff where they feel safe and happy. Lastly, cross-sectional surveys should be conducted on these psychological problems to find out the key factors behind them.
Keywords: Stress, Anxiety, Depression, Nurses, Tertiary Care Hospital
Depression in females: comparison of patients visiting urban and rural teaching hospitals of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Authors: Shams Laiba , Kakakhel Musa , Majeed Shazma , Khan Hasnain , Khan Hamza , Sajid Sidra 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Even though frequency of depression is documented globally, the spectrum of depression and its inciting factors in Pakistan are unique to the local cultural and social beliefs.
Objective: To compare the status of depression and its provoking socio-cultural factors among urban and rural females attending selected hospitals of Peshawar.
Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted from March to May 2017 on 93 female patients attending two selected urban and rural teaching hospitals of Peshawar. Data were collected on Beck Depression Inventory through convenience sampling, and were analyzed for descriptive statistics by SPSS version 20. Comparisons were done by the Chi Square test and the Student’s T test keeping p≤0.05 as significant.
Results: Out of 93 female patients, a final 89 females (53 urban and 36 rural) were included due to incomplete data entries. More urban females were in the normal, mild or borderline clinically depressed categories (38/53, 71.7%), compared to rural females (15/36, 41.7%), more of whom were in moderate, severe and extremely depressed categories (21/36, 58.3%); the difference was significant (p=0.025). Among the many factors leading to depression, there were significant differences in poor socio-economic status (p=0.011), illiteracy (p=0.003) and hostile in-laws (p=0.016), all of which were mainly due to females of rural area rather than urban females.
Conclusion: Rural females suffered significantly greater depression compared to their urban counterparts related to poor socio-economic status, illiteracy, and hostile in-laws.
Keywords: Depression; Anxiety; Stress; Female; Marriage; Domestic Violence.
Assessment of quality of life in patients with aphasia
Authors: Yaqoob Saba , Iftikhar Nayab , Noreen Hafsa , Qamar Rabia , Khan Azzam , Rashid Amna 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Personal satisfaction (Quality of Life; QoL) is the person's impression of their own prosperity. Aphasia is the most significant likely result of stroke and profoundly affects a patient's life, causing enthusiastic pain, sadness, and social separation, because of loss of language capacities.
Objective: To document personal satisfaction in patients with aphasia.
Materials & Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at a Speech Clinic from October 2018 to March 2019 on 57 patients of aphasia to assess their quality of life. Informed consent was taken from respondents. Patients having aphasia due to any neurological cause or traumatic brain injury were included in study, while patients having childhood aphasia were excluded. Standardized questionnaire “Measuring changes in Quality of life in persons with aphasia: Is Communication Confidence a good measure?” was used to obtain information from participants through purposive sampling. Data were collected by face to face interviews with patients and their caregivers. Descriptive data analysis was done through SPSS.
Results: Majority (68.42%) of respondents did not feel confident about their ability to convey meaning via speech with people. Difficulties in social communication were also a reason of concern for 45.61% participants, whereas 50.87% participants stated that they could not make their decisions.
Conclusion: Patients suffering from aphasia had low quality of life, mainly due to their communication disabilities and dependence on other people for understanding, as well as the fact that their caretakers had to take decisions for them.
GMO Regulation in Crisis – The Experimental Potential of Regulation (EU) 2020/1043 on Covid-19 in Addressing Both a Crisis and a Pandemic
Authors: Poort Lonneke , Kortleven Willem-Jan 
Published: November 2021

GMO Regulation in Crisis – The Experimental Potential of Regulation (EU) 2020/1043 on Covid-19 in Addressing Both a Crisis and a Pandemic
In this article, we analyse Regulation (EU) 2020/1043 on Covid-19 against the backdrop of the current deadlock in EU-regulation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). We build on temporary and experimental legislation scholarship and employ a normative framework of regulatory knowledge. The Covid-19 Regulation aims at speeding up the development of GMO-based Covid-19 treatments or vaccines by temporarily suspending requirements that otherwise would have made for time-consuming and burdensome authorization processes. Although the Regulation lacks an explicit experimental purpose, we hypothesize that experiences with its functioning may be utilized in evaluation processes serving attempts to change the GMO legal framework. As such, it may fulfil a latent experimental function. We reflect on the types of knowledge that are relevant when evaluating experimental legislation and developing regulation more generally and argue that the inclusion of social knowledge is pertinent in dealing with complex issues such as GMO regulation. Experimental law literature focuses on gathering evidence-based knowledge about the functioning of legislation but virtually neglects knowledge about different experiences and value appreciations of various societal actors and social-contextual mechanisms. We propose that such social knowledge be included in the design of experimental legislation and that evaluation be approached bottom-up instead of top-down.
ICONOGRAPHY OF HANDS IN RENAISSANCE PAINTING
Authors: Turan Caner 
Published: November 2021

El estilo de pintura renacentista refleja todo tipo de principios, enfoques y comprensión del diseño plástico como un carácter estándar de las características históricas, políticas, religiosas, culturales y económicas de esa época. Al deshacerse de un tipo de perspectiva estricta y puramente centrada en la iglesia, los artistas del Renacimiento prácticamente comienzan a mirar la naturaleza, la ciencia, la literatura, la filosofía y, obviamente, la anatomía humana en un conjunto de mentes diferente. Una descripción razonable, equilibrada, científica y lógica de la vida humana lleva a los pintores a centrarse más en las partes del cuerpo humano. Aparte de los rostros de las figuras, las manos se convierten en partes esenciales del cuerpo para sujetar un espejo al universo interior de las figuras. Se incluyeron dentro del programa iconográfico tal que reflejaban las emociones y contemplaciones de la figura, y la conexión entre figuras y objetos. En este estudio, un examen a través de varias pinturas renacentistas arrojará luz sobre cómo los pintores como Giotto, Da Vinci, Michelangelo, Francesca y más utilizaron la representación de las manos como un aparato y como un lenguaje de sus propósitos creativos. Así, se manifestará una iconografía de manos en la pintura renacentista.
Renaissance style of painting reflects all types of plastic design principles, approaches and understanding as a standard character of historical, political, religious, cultural, and economic features of that era. Disposing of unadulterated strict and church focused kind of perspective, Renaissance artists practically start to look on nature, science, literature, philosophy, and obviously human anatomy in a different set of minds. Reasonable, balanced, scientific and logical portrayal of human life leads painters to focus closer on pieces of the human body. Aside from the faces of the figures, hands become essential body parts to hold a mirror to the interior universe of the figures. They were included within the iconographic program such mirrored the emotions and contemplations of the figure, and the connection among figures and objects. In this study, an examination through various Renaissance paintings will shed light on how the painters like Giotto, Da Vinci, Michelangelo, Francesca, and more utilized the portrayal of hands as an apparatus and as a language of their creative purposes. Thusly, an iconography of hands in Renaissance painting will be manifested.