bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Superiority of Suture Endobutton Augmentation in Type 2b Clavicle Fractures Fixation Using Locking Plate
Authors: Yağar Hilal , Çağlar Ceyhun , Asfuroğlu Zeynel Mert , Aydın Murat 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective: Instability in distal clavicle fractures with impaired integrity of the CC ligament poses a serious risk for nonunion, necessitating surgical intervention. Despitea consensus onthe need for surgery in cases of unstable distal clavicle fractures, various surgical techniques are available. Aim of this study is to evaluate the radiological and functional outcomes of CC augmentation using the suture endobutton technique for Neer type 2b clavicle fractures.
Methods: 42 patients who met the criteria for this retrospective study divided into two groups; Group 1 (locking plate with CC augmentation) and Group 2 (locking plate without CC augmentation). Demographic data, the Constant–Murley scores(CS), union time, range of motion, complications, and implant failures during the follow-up period were recorded.
Results: 13 (31.0%) patients were female and 29 (69.0%) were male.The mean age was 40.5±11.5 years. Significant differences were found in union time (week) (t(40) = –2.11, p = 0.04) and the 6th-month CS (t(40) = 4.19, P = 0.01). No significant difference was observed in postoperative complications between the groups (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: CC augmentation with a suture endobutton in type 2b distal clavicle fractures, resulted in more favorable short-term functional and radiological outcomes.
Level of Evidence: Level 3; Retrospective comparative study; Treatment study
Molecular detection and genotyping of bovine viral diarrhea virus in four provinces of China
Authors: Liu Ying , Zhou Feng , Wang Xuan-ang , Chen Xi-Meng , Zheng Lan-Lan , Chen Hong-Ying , Ma Shi-Jie 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) has long been one of the major pathogens hindering the development of the global beef industry. In the present study, to further investigate the epidemic profile and genetic diversity of the virus, 77 fecal samples were collected from cattle with diarrhea in Henan, Sichuan, Shandong and Hebei provinces of China during 2023–2024 and screened for the presence of BVDV using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The positive samples for BVDV were subjected to the cloning and phylogenetic analysis of the 5ʹ-UTR and whole-genome sequences. The results showed that 35 out of 77 (35/77, 45.45%) bovine diarrhea samples tested positive for BVDV, with the highest proportion rate being observed in Henan province at 57.14% (20/35). Twenty 5ʹ-UTR and one whole-genome sequences of BVDV strains were acquired and analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis of the 5ʹ-UTR sequences indicated that 20 strains belonged to the BVDV-1m subtype, while the BVDV-385 strain from Henan province was clustered within the BVDV-3 genotype, indicating that the BVDV-1m subtype strains were the main strains circulating in China. Further amino acid analysis showed that a unique aa deletion and ten unique aa substitutions were exhibited in the E2 protein of the BVDV-385 strain, while seven unique aa sites in the NS5B protein. Furthermore, linear B cell epitope prediction indicated that four linear B cell potential epitopes were altered in the E2 protein, while predictions of N-glycosylation sites (NGS) revealed an additional glycosylation site (574 NPS) in the NS5B protein. Overall, this study reported the BVDV-3 strain was found in Henan Province, China, and performed a genetic evolutionary analysis of its whole genome sequence, which had important implications for understanding the genetic diversity of ongoing BVDV cases
Estimating cell compositions and cell-type-specific expressions from GWAS data using invariant causal prediction, deep learning and regularized matrix completion: Bridging GWAS and single-cell resolution in Biobank-scale studies
Authors: So Hon-Cheong , Yin Liangying , SHI YUJIA , Zhang Ruoyu , XIANG Yong , Qiu Jinghong , Sham Pak 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Dissecting large bulk RNA-seq data into cell-type proportions and cell-type-specific expression profiles has the potential to significantly enhance our understanding of disease mechanisms at the cellular level. While single-cell RNA sequencing provides detailed cellular insights, its application is limited by small sample sizes and cost constraints. Conversely, large-scale GWAS datasets offer extensive sample sizes but lack cell-type resolution. We present CausalCellInfer, a framework that integrates invariant causal prediction, deep learning and regularized matrix completion to identify critical cell markers, deconvolute cell proportions and estimate cell-type-specific(CTS) expression profiles. We pioneered the application of the proposed framework to imputed expression data from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS), enabling cell-type level analysis in biobank-scale datasets. We validated CausalCellInfer against state-of-the-arts methods like CIBERSORTx, DWLS, Scaden, and MuSic using real and pseudo-bulk samples. Our framework consistently outperformed others with significantly higher concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), lower mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) while demonstrating superior computational efficiency. Application to the UK Biobank revealed novel biological insights across 24 phenotypes. We deconvoluted tissue-specific cell proportions and estimated CTS profiles across the phenotypes. We revealed that cell-type proportions were associated with disease susceptibility, such as decreased alpha and beta cells in T2DM patients. Furthermore, CausalCellInfer achieved high positive predictive values in identifying cell-type-specific differentially expressed genes. Overall, CausalCellInfer represents a significant advancement in integrating single-cell resolution with biobank-scale data and comprehensive clinical phenotypes, providing a powerful tool for elucidating disease mechanisms at the cellular level.
Synthesis of Nanostructured Cubic Phase SnO2 Thin Film and Its Trace-Level Sensing of CO Gas
Authors: Karuppannan Ramesh , Sharma Keshav , Sharma Deepak , Bukhvalov Danil , Khandelwal Upanya , Nukala Pavan , Bhat Navakanta 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

In this study, we report the fabrication of a cubic phase SnO2 based thin film gas sensor with excellent sensitivity and selectivity for carbon monoxide (CO) gas at room temperature, with a high response of 25606% achieved at 2 ppm CO gas concentration, and a detection limit down to 1ppb. The cubic phase SnO2 thin films were synthesized via a simple sol-gel method. Our synthesis technique allows for stabilizing the cubic phase of SnO2, confirmed through XRD and TEM studies, which is otherwise reported at high pressures and temperatures. Further, our DFT simulations show that the cubic phase of SnO2 nanoparticles has a lower energy barrier for CO adsorption and desorption than the more common tetragonal phase. The low-voltage and ambient operating conditions of the sensor reported in this study make it highly practical for widespread use, thus offering a promising solution to the growing need for efficient and affordable gas sensing applications, including environmental monitoring, industrial safety, and medical diagnosis.
Development and Evaluation of a CDSS-Enabled Early Warning System for Venous Thromboembolism Risk in Advanced Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Fan Jian , Gao Bai , Zhao Jiayi , Gao Xuefeng , Liu Baiqiu , Huang Kai , Shang Yan , Han Yiping 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUNDː This study establishes the clinical practice library of Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) complications in advanced lung cancer, forms a VTE risk warning system for advanced lung cancer patients based on the Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) and plan to use it in hospitals in the future, and plays a role in preventing VTE complications in advanced lung cancer patients. METHODSː We summarized the VTE risk factors by searching the literature and constructed a knowledge base of advanced lung cancer complication VTE risk factors based on evidence-based medicine; collected real-world clinical data on lung cancer patients and constructed a real-world best-practice library of advanced lung cancer complication VTE by cleaning, quality control and analyzing clinical data; and constructed an equation for the prediction risk coefficient of advanced lung cancer complication VTE by logistic regression analysis. Finally, the three were combined to construct a CDSS-based VTE risk warning system for advanced lung cancer patients. Statistical analysis was performed using R software, with a test level of α = 0.05, and the difference was considered statistically significant at P < 0.05. RESULTS: A total of 12,222 patients were screened through the hospital's electronic medical record system, and 3,320 patients were included after screening in strict accordance with the exclusion criteria. The patients were divided into 67 cases in the group of lung cancer complicating VTE and 3253 cases in the group of uncomplicated VTE. According to the stepwise regression method and the AIC law, the equation of the predicted risk coefficient of advanced lung cancer complicating VTE was constructed. Combining the three basic factor modules of advanced lung cancer complicating VTE and the CDSS system, a CDSS-based risk warning system for advanced lung cancer complicating VTE was established, and the externally validated results showed that the AUC of 0.756 (95% CI: 0.726–0.785) was better than that of the Caprini risk scoring scale AUC of 0.654 (95% CI: 0.638–0.670). CONCLUSIONSː This study established a CDSS-based early warning system for the risk of concurrent VTE in advanced lung cancer. The results of comparative validation showed that this early warning system can improve the clinical diagnosis and treatment efficiency of advanced lung cancer patients with complications of VTE, and at the same time, it can achieve the purpose of real-time monitoring and timely diagnosis and treatment.
Fullerene-Decorated PdCo Nano-Resistor Network Hydrogen Sensors: Sub-Second Response and Part-per-Trillion Detection at Room Temperature
Authors: Ngo Tu Anh , Magar Ashwin , Pham Minh , Luong Hoang , Larsen George , Zhao Yiping , Nguyen Tho 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

We present a novel hydrogen (H2) sensor based on a hexagonal PdCo composite nano-resistance network, featuring an innovative layered nanostructure and advanced materials. This state-of-the-art PdCo network is deposited on a thin layer of nanoporous fullerene C60-coated glass substrate using a combination of nanosphere lithography and the glancing angle codeposition (GLACD) technique, which significantly enhances the quality, morphology, and surface-to-volume ratio of the PdCo sensing elements to their full potential. Remarkably, this approach not only simultaneously improves the sensor's response time and sensitivity but also effectively mitigates the clamping effect. Our results demonstrate that the sensor, composed of a 20 nm C60/5 nm Pd63Co37/30 nm Teflon AF composite hole array, achieves a response time (t90) of ≤ 0.8 seconds across the 1 – 100 mbar H2 pressure range, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 40 parts per billion (ppb). Remarkably, when the Pd63Co37 sensing layer is sandwiched by two TAF layers, the t90 and LOD reach 0.36 s at 1 mbar H2 and ~100 parts per trillion (ppt) H2, respectively. Additionally, when coated with an additional layer of Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), the sensor maintains robustness over hundreds of hydrogen cycling and aging effects and remains resilient against interference from gases such as CO2, CH4, and CO, as well as up to 90% relative humidity (RH). This low-cost, lightweight, and low-power hydrogen sensor platform holds significant potential to meet the stringent sensing requirements for automotive applications, concentration control, and environmental monitoring.
GHQ-12 score as a determinant for Postpartum depression: evidence from a tertiary care centre in Bhubaneswar, India
Authors: Patnaik Liwa , Kar Sonali , Mishra Alpana , Panda Jyochnamayi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Odisha, a state in Eastern India, has made laudable progress in delivering MCH care through robust comprehensive obstetric care, and reduction of maternal deaths by 60–70% as per NFHS-5. However, the mental health component is under-represented in India, even in urban areas. Postpartum depression (PPD) in women can be scored by the validated tool Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS) and overall mental state at any time of adulthood is evaluated using General Health Questionnaire (GHQ)-12 scores.
Objectives
To assess the association of GHQ-12 score with EPDS score among the postpartum women soon after delivery and to determine variations in associations between the two scores at 2 points of assessment.
Methods
Women who gave birth, within 24–48 hours were selected as per convenient sampling, after taking consent. Questionnaire was used that elicited information on socio-demographic details. GHQ-12 scores were used as independent variable and a proxy measure of cumulative distress and familial stress. Validated tool EPDS was used on the subjects and scores calculated for PPD. Same tools were repeated on 2nd visit timed within 6–8 weeks of delivery. Scores were checked for correlation using Pearson’s r.
Results
Total 176 women participated and completed 2nd assessment. Prevalence of PPD was 10.8% as per EPDS. PPD burden increased in 2nd visit but the mean scores decreased. Similarly, psychological stress indicated by GHQ-12 scores increased in 2nd visit, although the mean scores decreased by 6–8 weeks postpartum. Both the time, GHQ 12 and EPDS scores show strong positive correlation (r = 0.69), that increased in 2nd visit (r = 0.74).
Conclusion
This indicates that robust healthcare services alone doesn’t address the holistic health of reproductive women. Psychological stress is a determinant of postpartum depression. PPD in this case among women increases within 6–8 weeks of delivery and hence a continuum of care is warranted to address PPD, which calls for screening of women for PPD and subsequently counselling them.
Efficacy of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing-based braces for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a systematic evaluation and meta-analysis
Authors: Shen Xiaogang , Zhang Dailiang , Yuan Fei , Peng Qian , Lv Chunjiang , Qi Hongzhe , Zhao Mengyan , Chen Gongzhen , Ye Hao , Gao Gan , Guo Tao 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is commonly treated conservatively, with computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) emerging as a modern approach. The superiority of CAD/CAM braces over traditional hand-made orthotics remains unestablished, prompting an investigation into their comparative efficacy.
Objective
To systematically review and meta-analyze the available evidence on the effectiveness of CAD/CAM braces for AIS, incorporating biomechanical analysis, finite element analysis, or 3D printing.
Methods
A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang, VIP, and China Biology Medicine disc (CBM) databases through April 1, 2024. The search targeted randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and randomized controlled crossover trials (RCT-CTs). Eligible studies were assessed for quality, and data were extracted for meta-analysis.
Results
The initial search identified 13 trials involving 539 participants (1629 individual data points). After applying inclusion criteria, 11 trials with 469 participants (1424 individual data points) were included in the meta-analysis. The results indicated that CAD/CAM braces provided only marginally better or equivalent outcomes compared to traditional braces. The therapeutic advantages of CAD/CAM methods were not conclusively demonstrated by the current evidence.
Conclusion
The evidence base for the superiority of CAD/CAM braces in AIS treatment is insufficient. Future research with larger sample sizes and higher methodological quality is essential to enhance the evidence-based approach to medical practice in this field.
Toward an Effective Back Pain Prevention Program: A Qualitative Exploration of Employees' and Healthcare Professionals' Experiences and Perspectives
Authors: Bernaers Lisa , Willems Tine Marieke , Lam Hien Gia , Mahy Morgane , Rusu Dorina , Demoulin Christophe , de Velde Dominique Van , Braeckman Lutgart 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
This study explored the experiences and perspectives of employees and healthcare professionals (HCPs) regarding a Belgian multidisciplinary-based rehabilitation (MBR) program for the secondary prevention of low back pain (LBP). The program, which is partially reimbursed by the Federal Agency for Occupational Risks, aims to prevent chronic LBP and facilitate return to work (RTW) for employees in ergonomically demanding jobs.
Methods
A qualitative design involving six multicenter, semistructured focus groups was employed. The participants included 15 employees who attended the program and 24 HCPs involved in its delivery. The data were analyzed via thematic analysis.
Results
Three major themes were identified: functional and work-related outcomes, content-related factors, and the program's duration and continuation. Positive outcomes included improvements in pain, function, and RTW, with workplace adaptations and ergonomic guidance playing key roles. Success factors such as education, exercise therapy, motivation, and social interaction were highlighted. However, challenges were identified, including difficulty maintaining long-term benefits, limited communication between centers and employers, insufficient psychological support, and a lack of follow-up to sustain the program’s effects.
Conclusions
As part of a broader initiative evaluating this program, this study highlights its strengths and identifies areas for improvement, offering a foundation for future research and enhanced rehabilitation strategies.
Predictive Modeling of Multidrug Resistance in Female Urinary Tract Infections: Implications for Clinical Management
Authors: Ihenetu Francis Chukwuebuka , Okoro Chinyere I. , Okechukwu Emeka , Ozoude Makuochukwu Maryann , Marwizi Farirai Melania 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: Multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms pose a significant challenge in the effective treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs).
Method: This study investigated the prevalence of MDR organisms and clinical predictors of UTIs in 824 high vaginal swab (HVS) specimens collected from female patients aged 0–79 years with suspected UTIs over a four-year period. Data on age and clinical signs were gathered using structured questionnaires, and specimens underwent analysis through culture-based techniques and molecular methods, including PCR, to identify bacterial and fungal pathogens.
Results: Most specimens were from young adults (ages 20–39, 75%), with fewer from older adults and elderly patients (3.3% combined). Inflammatory symptoms (51.3%) were the most common presentation, followed by vaginal discharge (21.2%) and obstetric-related issues (11.5%). MDR organisms were identified in 21.8% of cases, while non-MDR organisms accounted for 79.2%. Pathogen isolation occurred in 83.4% of specimens, with Candida albicans (27.1%) and Staphylococcus aureus (26.7%) as the most prevalent isolates. Logistic regression analysis revealed a statistically significant reduction in MDR likelihood for patients with cysts and tumors (odds ratio = 0.92, p = 0.046). Enterococcus faecalis exhibited the highest MDR rate (40%), and Escherichia coli was significantly associated with MDR status (B = 3.220, p < 0.001). Chi-square tests found no significant associations between MDR status and patient age (χ² = 2.825, p = 0.985) (χ² = 1.964, p = 0.962). Evaluation of the predictive model revealed moderate explanatory power (Cox & Snell R² = 0.151, Nagelkerke R² = 0.233), acceptable discriminatory ability (AUC = 0.753, p < 0.001), and good overall fit (Hosmer-Lemeshow test, χ² = 2.506, p = 0.961). However, the model displayed low sensitivity for MDR classification (2.8%) and convergence issues.
Conclusion: These findings highlight the need for enhanced antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance and updated clinical guidelines to improve UTI management and combat the growing AMR challenge. Further research should refine predictive models to better inform clinical decision-making.
The key celltype mediated by type I interferon-stimulated genes in systemic lupus erythematosus revealed by single-cell and bulk RNA- seq analysis
Authors: Huang Yuting , Ji Juan , Wei Yanan , Wang Yunan , Xu Yongxin , Yang Nengjie , Gu Zhifeng , Xia Yunfei , Yang Mei 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease. Type I interferon (IFN-I) is one of the key pathogenic mechanisms, and overexpression of IFN-I leads to enhanced expression of its downstream interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) and causes aberrant autoimmune responses. To date, a comprehensive assessment of ISG-mediated cell subsets in SLE remains lacking.
Methods
We analyzed single-cell transcriptomics data from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of seven SLE patients and five healthy individuals and retrieved 193 interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) from the MSigDB database. Then, we performed the non-negative matrix factorization to identify different ISG-associated cellular subpopulations based on cellular ISG expression profiles and performed pseudotime trajectory analysis, differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis, pathway enrichment analyses, transcription factor activity analyses, and cellular communication analyses on key cellular subpopulations. Bulk RNA-sequencing data from SLE also elucidated correlation of ISG-mediated microenvironmental patterns with other immune pathways.
Results
We find significantly higher proportions of CD8 T cells, NKT cells and monocytes and lower proportions of CD4 T cells and B cells. The CD8 T_ISG15, CD4 T_ISG15, NK_ISG15, NKT_ISG15, B_ISG15, and cDC_ISG15 subpopulations are significantly enriched for differential genes in the interferon-signalling-related pathway and had high expression of immune checkpoints, such as HLA-DRB5. In addition, we observe significantly higher activity of transcription factors, such as STAT1 and IRF7. Combined with bulk RNA-seq data, we find that the ISGs feature scores of each cell subpopulation are correlated with the immune-related pathway scores and HLA gene expression significantly in several datasets. In addition, ISG-mediated cell subtypes enhance intercellular communication.
Conclusion
This study comprehensively reveals that ISGs are highly expressed in key cell subpopulations of SLE and are closely associated with disease activity. These findings emphasize the central role of type I interferon-stimulated genes in SLE immunomodulation and disease progression, providing an important basis for precision therapy.