bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of point‐of‐care testing of albuminuria for early screening of chronic kidney disease
Authors: Vutthikraivit Nuntanuj , Kiatamornrak Patcharakorn , Boonkrai Chatikorn , Pisitkun Trairak , Komolpis Kittinan , Puthong Songchan , Lumlertgul Nuttha , Peerapornratana Sadudee , Thanawattano Chusak , Tungsanga Somkanya , Praditpornsilpa Kearkiat , Tungsanga Kriang , Eiam‐Ong Somchai , Srisawat Nattachai 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant global health issue. As the prevalence of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in Thailand is increasing, early detection and management of CKD is the most important step to prevent CKD progression and the need for RRT. Current diagnostic tests for CKD are non‐specific and expensive. We aimed to develop and validate antibody‐based‐albumin point‐of‐care testing (POCT) to detect patients with impaired kidney function at early stage.MethodsThe prototype strip test was developed under the concept of competitive lateral flow immunochromatography assay, or strip test. Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to human serum albumin (HSA) were harvested from the hybridomas of spleen cells from immunized mice and mouse myeloma cells. Presence of MAbs was detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Spot urine was obtained from patients with kidney disease, type I, or type II Diabetes Mellitus upon their visit at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital during 2018–2019. All samples were analyzed for urine albumin with our POCT (CU microalbumin) and the other two commercial POCTs (Microalbu PHAN and MICRAL). The results were validated against standard method for urine microalbumin measurement. A urine microalbumin concentration of less than 20 ug/ml was defined as normal. The sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were calculated in comparison with the standard laboratory method.ResultA total of 100 adult patients were included. CU microalbumin had a sensitivity of 86%, a specificity of 94%, and a positive predictive value of 96%. Our POCT showed good correlation with the laboratory results.ConclusionCU microalbumin correlated well with the standard method for quantitative measurement of urine albumin. Therefore, it has the potential for early screening of CKD, especially in primary health care facilities in resource limited settings.
Modeling Complex Pharmacokinetics of Long‐Acting Injectable Products Using Convolution‐Based Models With Nonparametric Input Functions
Authors: Gomeni Roberto , Bressolle‐Gomeni Françoise 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe interest in the development and the therapeutic use of long‐acting injectable (LAI) products for chronic or long‐term treatments has grown exponentially. The complexity and the multiphase drug release process represent serious issues for an effective modeling of the PK properties of LAI products. The objective of this article is to show how convolution‐based models with piecewise‐linear approximation of the nonlinear drug release function can provide an enhanced modeling tool for (1) characterizing the complex PK profiles of LAI formulations with completely different drug release properties, and (2) addressing key questions supporting the optimal development of LAI products by simulating the PK time course resulting from different dosing strategies. Convolution‐based modeling and simulation were implemented in NONMEM, and 3 case studies were presented to assess the performances of this new modeling approach using PK data of LAI products developed using different technologies and administered using different routes: microsphere technology and aqueous nanosuspension intramuscularly administered and biodegradable polymer subcutaneously administered. The performance of the convolution‐based modeling approach was compared with the performance of conventional parametric models using a reference data set on theophylline. The results of the comparison indicated that the nonparametric input function provided a more accurate description of the data either in terms of global measure of goodness of fit (ie, Akaike information criterion and Bayesian information criterion) or in terms of performance of the fitted model (ie, the percent prediction error on Cmax and AUC0‐t).
A simple route for the synthesis of novel norcantharimide derivatives via acidolysis with hydrochloric acid(gas)
Authors: Köse Aytekin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this work, seven new norcantharimide derivatives were synthesized by an acidolysis method. The compounds were prepared by acidolyzing trans‐1,4‐diacetate and trans‐1,2‐chloroacetate structures, which were obtained by stereospecific cleavage of the internal etheric bond of the tricyclic imides. The HCl(gas) was produced from the reaction of H2SO4 with NaCl. The resulting gas was bubbled into the reaction mixture. Trans‐1,4‐diacetate and trans‐1,2‐chloroacetate were thus acidolyzed, and the corresponding diol and halohydrin products were obtained respectively in moderate overall yields from low‐cost starting materials, using simple and easily scalable chemistry. The products were characterized by means of spectroscopic techniques. The synthesized compounds have high potential as anticancer agents and can be valuable for studies in this area.
Effect of micro‐ and nanofiller hybrids on the dynamic mechanical properties of glass reinforced epoxy composites
Authors: Bommegowda Kabbala Basavarajappa , Renukappa Nijagal Marulaiah , Rajan Jagannathan Sundara 
Published: February 2021

AbstractReinforcement of epoxy glass fabric composites with nano‐ and micro‐fillers has resulted in the development of polymer composites with good electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties. The present work attempts to estimate the impact of hybrid fillers on dynamic‐mechanical properties of the epoxy composites with a different filler. The dynamic mechanical parameters such as storage modulus, loss modulus, and damping factor over a temperature of 25°C–250°C have been investigated. The viscoelastic properties of composites are also confirmed with a Cole‐Cole plot. From the results, the storage modulus of the composites is observed to lie in the range of 8000 to 12,500 MPa, and the epoxy composite with silicon carbide filler shows the highest storage modulus. Composite with 5 wt% of alumina shows the maximum loss modulus of 2100 MPa. The glass transition temperature of the base epoxy composite is 135°C and it increases to 137°C with the incorporation of hybrid cenosphere and molybdenum sulfide fillers. The storage modulus shows only marginal differences as compared to their counterparts with nanofillers but is higher by about 10–15% in comparison to the micron filler‐based composites. However, the differences in the loss modulus of the nanocomposites, hybrid composites, and the composites with micron‐sized filler are not significant.
Effect of silane concentration on the properties of crosslinked linear low density polyethylene‐montmorillonite nanocomposite
Authors: Yussuf Abdirahman A. , Al‐Saleh Mohammad A. , Al‐Enezi Salah T. , Abraham Gils 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this study, linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) was grafted and crosslinked by reactive extrusion melt compounding using different silane concentration with and without the presence of montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclay. The effects of different silane concentration and the addition of nanoclay filler on the degree of crosslinking, mechanical, thermal, rheological, and morphological properties were investigated and reported. Gel content results for all crosslinked samples were found to increase with increasing silane concentration. Tensile strength and Young's modulus of crosslinked LLDPE samples increased with increasing silane concentration compared to neat LLDPE; while the crosslinked LLDPE samples containing nanoclay have achieved higher tensile strength and Young's modulus, indicating strong interfacial interaction between silane grafted LLDPE matrix and nanoclay. However, the decrease of elongation at break for all crosslinked samples were observed compared to neat LLDPE. A reduction in the degree of crystallinity for crosslinked samples, particularly crosslinked samples containing nanoclay, was shown by thermal analysis results; whereas the melting temperature did not change significantly with increased silane concentration and subsequent addition of nanoclay. Thermogravimetric analysis results have revealed significant thermal stability improvement for neat LLDPE with increased silane concentration. Furthermore, crosslinked samples containing nanoclay have achieved better thermal stability compared to crosslinked samples without nanoclay. At lower frequency, it was found that viscosity, and storage modulus of neat LLDPE increased with increased silane concentration due to crosslinking and further addition of nanoclay into crosslinked LLDPE. The transmission electron microscopy results confirmed the intercalated structure of the nanocomposite for the crosslinked samples containing nanoclay.
Additives to prevent the formation of surface defects during poly(vinyl chloride) calendering
Authors: Jamarani Roya , Halloran Matthew W. , Panchal Kushal , Garcia‐Valdez Omar , Mafi Roozbeh , Nicell James A. , Leask Richard L. , Marić Milan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractGas checks are visible fleck‐shaped defects that occur on the surface of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) films during industrial calendering. Films containing these surface defects often do not meet minimum product specifications and therefore must be disposed of or recycled, resulting in increased cost and material waste. Currently, gas checks are controlled by keeping film gauge low and through trial‐and‐error modifications of processing parameters by calender operators. In this work, our group developed a series of chemical additives that can be blended with PVC to prevent the formation of gas check defects. We found that a series of poly(caprolactone) (PCL)‐based compounds with diester linkers and alkyl chain cappers were all effective at preventing the formation of gas checks during calendering, with additive concentrations as low as 8 phr producing films with no gas checks. We found that the blends produced with our additives had higher melt viscosities than those produced with additives that do not remove gas checks, suggesting that viscosity plays an important role in preventing gas check defects.
About the Azido Derivatives of Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate
Authors: Lenz Tobias , Klapötke Thomas M. , Mühlemann Moritz , Stierstorfer Jörg 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWith the first ever synthesis of monoazidopentaerythritol trinitrate, a comparative study of the properties of all azidonitrate derivatives from pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) to tetraazidopentaerythritol (TAPE) was possible. The azides were prepared by halogen azide exchange and the remaining alcohols were then converted into the organic nitrate esters using acetyl nitrate. The resulting compounds pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), monoazidopentaerythritol mononitrate (MAPETN), diazidopentaerythritol dinitrate (DAPEDN), triazidopentaerythritol mononitrate (TAPEMN), tetraazidopentaerythritol (TAPE) were analyzed for their chemical (XRD, NMR, EA, IR) and energetic properties (DTA/DSC, impact and friction sensitivity) and presented for comparison. An interesting trend of decreasing melting points from PETN to the triazide was observed, with the monoazide found to meet the thermal requirements for a melt‐castable explosive. The mechanical sensitivities were successfully explained by Hirshfeld analysis. The energetic properties were calculated with the EXPLO5 code and show a decreasing performance towards the highly sensitive tetraazido derivative. Furthermore, PETN was successfully initiated with its tetraazido derivative TAPE.
Template‐Free Synthesis of Zinc Cobalt Oxides/Phosphides (Co2P/CoO/ZnCo2O4) Hollow Sub‐Micron Boxes as Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Catalysts
Authors: Zhang Chunlei , Pan Yexin , Ouyang Chong , Li Xiaoyu , Quan Xinyao , Hong Zhanglian , Zhi Mingjia 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this work, we report the template‐free synthesis of zinc cobalt oxides/phosphides (Co2P/CoO/ZnCo2O4) hollow sub‐micron boxes as electrocatalysts for HER (hydrogen evolution reaction). The synthesis of such sub‐micron box starts with the preparation of the hollow oxide sub‐micron box and is followed by a phosphorization process. It is proven that the selective etching induces by cation exchange (Zn2+ and Co2+) was the key to the formation of the hollow structure. The analysis of chemical states and electrochemical activity further reveals Zn enhanced the intrinsic activity of catalysts by increasing the electron density of Co in final products. The optimized ZnCo‐OP hollow sub‐micron box exhibits good HER activity with overpotentials of 112 mV at 10 mA/cm2 and 197 mV at 250 mA/cm2.
MXenes: Synthesis, Optical Properties, and Applications in Ultrafast Photonics
Authors: Fu Bo , Sun Jingxuan , Wang Cong , Shang Ce , Xu Lijun , Li Jiebo , Zhang Han 
Published: February 2021

AbstractRecently, 2D materials are in great demand for various applications such as optical devices, supercapacitors, sensors, and biomedicine. MXenes as a kind of novel 2D material have attracted considerable research interest due to their outstanding mechanical, thermal, electrical, and optical properties. Especially, the excellent nonlinear optical response enables them to be potential candidates for the applications in ultrafast photonics. Here, a review of MXenes synthesis, optical properties, and applications in ultrafast lasers is presented. First, aqueous acid etching and chemical vapor deposition methods for preparing MXenes are introduced, in which the storage stability and challenges of the existing synthesis techniques are also discussed. Then, the optical properties of MXenes are discussed specifically, including plasmonic properties, optical detection, photothermal effects, and ultrafast dynamics. Furthermore, the typical ultrafast pulsed lasers enabled by MXene‐based saturable absorbers operated at different wavelength regions are summarized. Finally, a summary and outlook on the development of MXenes is presented in the perspectives section.
Effect of steel fiber on the shear behavior of reinforced recycled aggregate concrete beams
Authors: Ibrahim Yasser E. , Fawzy Khaled , Farouk Mohamed A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this research, the influence of using steel fibers on the shear action of reinforced concrete beams, made of recycled concrete aggregate (RCA), was investigated through experiment and finite element analysis (FEA). First, 12 reinforced concrete beams were tested with varying amounts of steel fibers. These beams contained normal concrete aggregate (NCA) as reference beams besides RCA beams. All beam models had the same 150 mm x 250 mm cross‐section and 2000 mm length. The beams had three bars of 16 mm reinforcement and two bars of 12 mm reinforcement at its bottom and top, respectively. Three replacement ratios of recycled aggregate (RA) were considered; 0%, 30%, and 70%. Moreover, steel fibers were introduced in the beams at 0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% content by volume. The beams were evaluated under a four‐point bending test while the load‐deflection diagram and failure load for all beams were considered as the criteria for comparing the shear response of different beams. A thorough FEA was carried out using ANSYS to model these beams. The FEA results were compared with the outcomes of the experimental tests, and a clear agreement was obtained. The results showed that using steel fibers improved the shear strength of the beams by 2.94%, 15.88%, and 34.71% for NAC beams, 1.39%, 11.11%, and 16.67% for 30% RCA beams, and 24.53%, 40.57%, and 59.44% for 70% RCA beams, respectively by using steel fibers with ratios of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%, respectively.
Haemophagocytic histiocytic sarcoma with presumed involvement of the skeletal musculature in a greyhound
Authors: Cruzado Perez Judith , Beck Samuel , Di Bella Andrea , Kelly Darren 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAn 11‐year‐old male neutered Greyhound was evaluated for severe generalized pain of one‐week duration. Lameness, hyporexia, acute diarrhoea and pyrexia were also listed symptoms. Computerized tomography of thorax and abdomen revealed splenomegaly with multiple nodules, mediastinal, tracheobronchial and hepatic lymphadenomegaly, and multiple irregular and hypoattenuating skeletal muscular lesions. Ultrasound‐guided aspirates of the spleen, hepatic lymph nodes and muscular lesions were performed followed by splenectomy, hepatic biopsy and excision of multiple intra‐abdominal lymph nodes. The final diagnosis after histopathology and immunohistochemistry was haemophagocytic histiocytic sarcoma with presumed involvement of skeletal musculature. The patient was euthanised due to clinical deterioration and grave prognosis.
5D BPS quivers and KK towers
Authors: Duan Zhihao , Ghim Dongwook , Yi Piljin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We explore BPS quivers for D = 5 theories, compactified on a circle and geometrically engineered over local Calabi-Yau 3-folds, for which many of known machineries leading to (refined) indices fail due to the fine-tuning of the superpotential. For Abelian quivers, the counting reduces to a geometric one, but the technically challenging L2 cohomology proved to be essential for sensible BPS spectra. We offer a mathematical theorem to remedy the difficulty, but for non-Abelian quivers, the cohomology approach itself fails because the relevant wavefunctions are inherently gauge-theoretical. For the Cartan part of gauge multiplets, which suffers no wall-crossing, we resort to the D0 picture and reconstruct entire KK towers. We also perform numerical checks using a multi-center Coulombic routine, with a simple hypothesis on the quiver invariants, and extend this to electric BPS states in the weak coupling chamber. We close with a comment on known Donaldson-Thomas invariants and on how L2 index might be read off from these.
CP violating effects in 210Fr and prospects for new physics beyond the Standard Model
Authors: Shitara Nanako , Yamanaka Nodoka , Sahoo Bijaya Kumar , Watanabe Toshio , Das Bhanu Pratap 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We report theoretical results of the electric dipole moment (EDM) of 210Fr which arises from the interaction of the EDM of an electron with the internal electric field in an atom and the scalar-pseudoscalar electron-nucleus interaction; the two dominant sources of CP violation in this atom. Employing the relativistic coupled-cluster theory, we evaluate the enhancement factors for these two CP violating interactions to an accuracy of about 3% and analyze the contributions of the many-body effects. These two quantities in combination with the projected sensitivity of the 210Fr EDM experiment provide constraints on new physics beyond the Standard Model. Particularly, we demonstrate that their precise values are necessary to account for the effect of the bottom quark in models in which the Higgs sector is augmented by nonstandard Yukawa interactions such as the two-Higgs doublet model.
Three-loop soft function for energetic electroweak boson production at hadron colliders
Authors: Liu Ze Long , Stahlhofen Maximilian 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We calculate the three-loop soft function for the production of an electroweak boson (Higgs, γ, W±, Z) with large transverse momentum at a hadron collider. It is the first time a soft function for a three-parton process is computed at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N3LO). As a technical novelty, we perform the calculation in terms of forward-scattering-type loop diagrams rather than evaluating phase space integrals. Our three-loop result contains color-tripole contributions and explicitly confirms predictions on the universal infrared structure of QCD scattering amplitudes with three massless parton legs. The soft function is a central ingredient in the factorized cross section for electroweak boson production near the kinematic endpoint (threshold), where the invariant mass of the recoiling hadronic radiation is small compared to its transverse momentum. Our result is required for predictions of the near-threshold cross sections at N3LO and for the resummation of threshold logarithms at primed next-to-next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (N3LL′) accuracy.
The time-dependent angular analysis of Bd → KSℓℓ, a new benchmark for new physics
Authors: Descotes-Genon Sébastien , Novoa-Brunet Martín , Vos K. Keri 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We consider the time-dependent analysis of Bd→ KSℓℓ taking into account the time-evolution of the Bd meson and its mixing into $$ {\overline{B}}_d $$

B
¯

d

. We discuss the angular conventions required to define the angular observables in a transparent way with respect to CP conjugation. The inclusion of time evolution allows us to identify six new observables, out of which three could be accessed from a time-dependent tagged analysis. We also show that these observables could be obtained by time-integrated measurements in a hadronic environment if flavour tagging is available. We provide simple and precise predictions for these observables in the SM and in NP models with real contributions to SM and chirally flipped operators, which are independent of form factors and charm-loop contributions. As such, these observables provide robust and powerful cross-checks of the New Physics scenarios currently favoured by global fits to b → sℓℓ data. In addition, we discuss the sensitivity of these observables with respect to NP scenarios involving scalar and tensor operators, or CP-violating phases. We illustrate how these new observables can provide a benchmark to discriminate among the various NP scenarios in b → sμμ. We discuss the extension of these results for Bs decays into f0, η or η′.
Black hole interactions at large D: brane blobology
Authors: Suzuki Ryotaku 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In the large dimension (D) limit, Einstein’s equation reduces to an effective theory on the horizon surface, drastically simplifying the black hole analysis. Especially, the effective theory on the black brane has been successful in describing the non-linear dynamics not only of black branes, but also of compact black objects which are encoded as solitary Gaussian-shaped lumps, blobs. For a rigidly rotating ansatz, in addition to axisymmetric deformed branches, various non-axisymmetric solutions have been found, such as black bars, which only stay stationary in the large D limit.In this article, we demonstrate the blob approximation has a wider range of applicability by formulating the interaction between blobs and subsequent dynamics. We identify that this interaction occurs via thin necks connecting blobs. Especially, black strings are well captured in this approximation sufficiently away from the perturbative regime. Highly deformed black dumbbells and ripples are also found to be tractable in the approximation. By defining the local quantities, the effective force acting on distant blobs are evaluated as well. These results reveal that the large D effective theory is capable of describing not only individual black holes but also the gravitational interactions between them, as a full dynamical theory of interactive blobs, which we call brane blobology.