bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengujian Batu Apung Sebagai Filler Pada Campuran HRS -WC
Authors: Yanti Sri , Rosiana  , Sandy Desi , Alpius  
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk merancang komposisi dan menganalisis karakteristik marshall dan indeks kekuatan sisa campuran Lataston HRS-WC gradasi senjang dan semi senjang yang memanfaatkan batu apung dari Provinsi Maluku Utara, Pulau Ternate sebagai pengganti filler. Metodologi dalam penelitian ini adalah melakukan serangkaian pengujian karakteristik berupa agregat kasar, halus dan filler lalu merancang komposisi campuran kemudian pembuatan benda uji berupa campuran Lataston HRS-WC bergradasi senjang dan semi senjang serta pengujian Marshall untuk mendapatkan karakteristik campuran dan pengujian Marshall Immertion untuk mendapatkan Indeks Perendaman (IP) / Indeks Kekuatan Sisa (IKS) / Durabilitas campuran yang berkadar filler optimum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik abu batu apung memenuhi spesifikasi sebagai bahan pengganti filler pada campuran Lataston HRS-WC gradasi senjang dan semi senjang. Melalui uji Marshall diperoleh karakteristik campuran Lataston HRS-WC bergradasi senjang dan semi senjang dengan kadar aspal 6,75%. Hasil pengujian Marshall Immertion campuran Lataston HRS-WC bergradasi senjang dan semi senjang dengan kadar filler optimum 100% mendapatkan Indeks Perendaman (IP) / Indeks Kekuatan Sisa (IKS) / Durabilitas campuran sebesar 95,73% dan 96,66% yang artinya campuran tersebut tahan terhadap suhu, lamanya terendam air.
Kata Kunci : Karakteristik, HRS-WC Marshall, filler batu apung
Application of Bromoxynil+MCPA+Metribuzin at Varied Doses for Broad-Spectrum Weed Control in Forage Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Tanveer Asif , Bilal Muhammad Atif , Nadeem Muhammad Ather , Abbas Tasawer 
Published: May 2021

Weed control is one of the crucial factors to achieve higher yield of good quality forage maize. A field trial was conducted during summer 2013 to investigate the effect of bromoxynil+MCPA+metribuzin (Valent 470 EW pre mixed formulation) application at varied doses to control weeds in forage maize (Zea mays L.) at Agronomy Research Area, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Application of bromoxynil+MCPA+metribuzin @ 470, 528.75 and 587.50 g a.i/ha was made after emergence of weedsand crop. A check with no application and hand hoeing was included for comparison. The experiment was conducted with four replications under randomized complete block design. The data regarding the weed parameters, yield and yield components of maize were recorded. The results revealed that among the herbicide treatments minimum weed density (three weeks after sowing 35.75 m2 and at harvest 12.25/m2) and dry biomass (20.80 g/m2) was observed with the application of bromoxynil+MCPA+metribuzin @ 587.50 g a.i./ha. Same herbicidal treatment caused significant increase in plant height (248.75 cm), stem diameter (1.45 cm), fresh weight (467.25g) and forage yield (31.47%) of maize. Therefore, use ofbromoxynil+MCPA+metribuzin @ 587.50 g a.i./ha is the best option to manage broad leaved as well as grassy weeds in forage maize to get higher yield of forage .
Physical Characterisation of Brown and White Fractions of Approved Rice Varieties of Pakistan
Authors: Ejaz Rebia , Sharifa Mian Kamran , Pasha Imran , Zia Muhammad Anjum 
Published: May 2021

This study was carried out to assess the quality attributes of rice varieties named as Super Kernel, Super Basmati, Basmati-515, PK-386, Kainat and IRRI-9 after milling for the establishment of claimed standards for approved varieties to prohibit rice adulteration. Furthermore, brown and white fractions of selected varieties were evaluated for physical characteristics including grain size (grain length/grain width ratio) thousand kernel weight (TKW) and bulk density. Mean values for grain size (L/W ratio), bulk density and TKW were ranged from 3.86±0.30 to 4.59±0.32, 0.71±0.08 to 0.80±0.10g/mL and 16.74±1.18 to 17.96±0.85g among the rice cultivars. Overall, grain size (4.00±0.21 to 4.48±0.35 and 4.14±0.43 to 4.81±0.37), bulk density (0.66±0.05 to 0.72±0.09g/mL and 0.77±0.05 to 0.82±0.27g/mL) and TKW (18.00±0.48 to 19.22±0.35g and 15.91±0.84 to 16.78±0.32g) varied significantly in brown and white rice samples. The lowest decrease in length after milling was seen in white rice of Kainat (8.90%) followed by PK-386 (9.86%) and Basmati-515 (10.70%), while the IRRI-9 showed highest decrease (11.84%) as compare to brown rice. Likewise, lowest increase in width was observed in IRRI-9 (10.27%) as compared to Kainat (19.87%) which indicates that IRRI-9 had more width. Conclusively, grain dimensions, kernel weight and bulk density of both brown and white rice fractions were significantly influenced by genetic, environmental and socio-economic factors among locations and cultivars. There is an urgent need to discriminate among premium and local rice varieties of country to boost up the export and foreign earnings.
Physicochemical Characterization and FTIR Spectroscopic Study of Pectin from Bombax ceiba (Bamta) Fruit
Authors: Jude Eneche Edogbo , Nkafamiya Ibrahim Iliya , Jen Dimas Blessed , Ernest Isaac 
Published: May 2021

Pectin is a naturally occurring biopolymer which can be used for food and pharmaceutical applications. In this study the effect of temperature, time and pH on the yield, physicochemical characteristics of pectin extracted from Bombax ceiba fruits was investigated. The extraction of pectin was done using citric acid buffer followed by 96% alcohol precipitation. The optimum temperature, time and pH for the extraction of pectin were determined to be 85 °C, 90 min and 2.0, respectively. The yield of pectin under these optimum conditions was found to be 16.35%. The physicochemical properties determined under these optimum conditions were found to be; equivalent weight; 765.40 mg/mol, methoxyl content: 6.62%, anhydrouronic acid content; 65.25%, degree of esterification; 72.45%, moisture content; 1.30% and ashcontent; 0.60% for Bombax ceiba fruits extracted pectin, respectively. FTIR was also utilized for characterizing the pectins. Generally, the findings of the study showed that the pectin extracted from Bombax ceiba fruit can find industrial applications, especially in food processing and pharmaceutical industries.
Chromium (VI) Ion Adsorption onto Maleic Acid Red Onion Skin Extract Resin (MRER) in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Onyeogulu Chibuike , Ibezim-Ezeani Millicent Uzoamaka 
Published: May 2021

Feasibility studies on the thermodynamics of Cr (VI) ions adsorption in aqueous medium by maleic acid red onion skin extract resin (MRER) was undertaken. The acetone extract of red onion skin was used in the synthesis of MRER. The regression analysis of the models at different temperatures and concentrations was found to closely fit the experimental data in the order: Freundlich > Langmuir > Temkin. Investigation of the thermodynamics of adsorption reaction revealed values for the change in enthalpy (- 34.05414 kJ/mol), Gibbs free energy (-18.001, -17.362, -17.860, -15.809 and -16.154 kJ/mol) and entropy (-52.7839 J/K/mol), which reflected the process spontaneity, exothermic nature and feasible affinity of the interacting metal ions at the adsorption sites. Dubinin-Radushkevich (DR) isotherm was applied in studying the sorption pathway, and it was observed that physisorption is the dominant pathway. Kinetic study showed that pseudo-second order best describe the experimental data with respect to its highest correlation coefficient (R2) values.
ANALISIS PERFORMA MAIN COOLING WATER PUMP PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA PANAS BUMI (PLTP) PT.X
Authors: Purbianto Aditya , Setiyo Adji Bambang 
Published: May 2021

Pembangkit listrik tenaga panas bumi (PLTP) merupakan pembangkit listrik yang menggunakan energi terbarukan. Karena bahan utama yang digunakan untuk memutarkan turbin adalah uap basah dari dalam bumi, karenanya tidak memerlukan bahan bakar untuk menghasilkan uap. PLTP ini memiliki beberapa komponen penting dalam menghasilkan listrik salah satunya yaitu pompa. Pompa merupakan alat pemindah fluida dari satu tempat ke tempat lain. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu pencatatan data harian pada pompa Main Cooling Water Pump untuk kemudian dilakukan analisis perhitungan untuk mencari daya motor, daya pompa dan efisiensi kemudian ditentukan penyebab penurunan performa pompa tersebut. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan didapatkan hasil daya motor aktual pompa 1 dan 2 sebesar 705,601 kW, kemudian daya motor commissioning sebesar 748,29 kW, dan daya motor spesifikasi mempunyai hasil sebesar 900 kW. Untuk daya pompa aktual pada pompa 1 memiliki daya sebesar 542,410 kW, sedangkan pompa 2 sebesar 512,760 kW. Kemudian daya pompa commissioning sebesar 613,000 kW, dan daya pompa spesifikasi mempunyai hasil sebesar 630,000 kW. Dan untuk efisiensi aktual pada pompa 1 memiliki efisiensi sebesar 76,70 %, sedangkan pompa 2 sebesar 72,50 %. Kemudian efisiensi pompa commissioning sebesar 82,8 %, dan efisiensi pompa spesifikasi mempunyai hasil sebesar 86 %. Didapatkan kesimpulan performa pompa aktual mengalami penurunan performa dari performa pompa commissioning dan performa spesifikasi, sehingga perawatan yang diberikan harus lebih ekstra untuk menjaga performa pompa tetap dalam kondisi optimal.
Can Incapacitation of the Mesenchymal Endometriotic Stem Cell via the Fortification of the Immune System Lead to the Eradication of Endometriosis?
Authors: Vassiliadis Simon 
Published: May 2021

This paper attempts to explain the immunologic nature of endometriosis from the stage of the endometriotic mesenchymal non-hematopoietic stem cell up to the inability of the immune system to intercept it for protecting the organism. Thus, the central dogma of this proposition is how to appropriately fortify the immune system using non-toxic and natural substances in order to render it fully functional and able to protect the organism. Therefore, the direct analogy of oncologic cases that share the same characteristics with endometriosis (metastasis and invasion, unrestrained growth, development of new blood vessels and decreased apoptosis) is given, including those which escape immune surveillance. The aim of this work is to gather, through an international collaboration, the inspirational ideas of most, if not all investigators interested in such a wide-scaled project to find ways to strengthen the immune system to fight against the migration and invasion of the endometriotic cell. It is obvious that, with the exception of the guidelines given herewith, all other suggestions to approach the specific problem are welcome in order to form powerful cohort centers that will work towards eradicating a disease which torments millions of women globally.
Laparoscopic Ablation of Endometriosis in Infertile Patients: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Genovese Fortunato , Teodoro Maria Cristina , Rubbino Gabriella , Palumbo Marco Antonio , Zarbo Giuseppe 
Published: May 2021

Purpose Even at the early stage endometriosis, may be associated with infertility, whose treatment, which is not always straightforward, is often controversial. This study intends to determine the effectiveness of laparoscopic ablation of lesions at an early stage. Methods The charts of 250 women suffering from infertility, admitted from July 1998 to December 2008 to the obstetric and gynecologic departments of Vittorio Emanuele and Santo Bambino hospitals in Catania were reviewed. Among these women, 97 patients (38.8%) affected by stage 1 and 2 endometriosis were found and divided into 2 groups of 53 (A) and 44 (B) patients. According to the approach of the surgeon, group A patients underwent laparoscopic ablation of endometriotic lesions with or without adesiolysis, while group B patients only had diagnostic laparoscopy. Cumulative pregnancy rate, cumulative live birth rate, monthly fertility rate and outcome of pregnancies (miscarriages and live birth), developed within the first year soon after laparoscopy, were determined in each group. Results This study shows that, according to the literature, laparoscopic systematic destruction of minimal and mild stage endometriotic lesions, improves the cumulative pregnancy rate (49.1% in group A versus 22.7% in group B) and cumulative live birth rate (39.6% in group A versus 18.2% in group B) in selected patients. However, this type of intervention, by itself, does not normalize the monthly fertility rate that remains low in both groups (4.1% in group A and 1.9% in group B). Conclusions This study suggests that laparoscopic treatment of minimal-mild endometriotic lesions is a valid therapeutic option because it improves the fertility rate, even if it does not completely resolve the reduced fertility.
cDNA-based Transcript Analysis of Autologous Eutopic and Ectopic Endometrium of Women with Moderate and Severe Endometriosis
Authors: Khan Meraj A. , Sengupta Jayasree , Giudice Linda C. , Mittal Suneeta , Kumar Sunesh , Gupta Siddharth Datta , Sharma Raju , Najwa Abdur Rashid , Ghosh Debabrata 
Published: May 2021

Purpose To explore differential gene expression between autologous eutopic and ectopic endometrium and the effect of phases, infertility, and severity of disease on this. Methods cDNA arrays followed by post hoc analysis for 1190 selected human genes were performed to analyze transcript expression in autologous eutopic and ectopic endometrial samples obtained from 6 proven fertile and 4 subfertile volunteers with endometriosis (stage 3: n=5; stage 4: n=5) during either the proliferative (n=7) or secretory (n=3) phase. Results cDNA-based expression array analysis appeared sensitive, precise, and reliable in unsupervised analysis and quantitative RT-PCR. Sample clustering analysis revealed maximal cluster coefficient (C=0.8) between eutopic and ectopic clusters for all pairs, followed by that yielded by phases of cycle (C=0.6); fertility history (C=0.3), and stages of severity (C=0.3) had marginal effects. Of 42 genes showing differential regulation in pooled analysis, 3 genes (CAGA, MT2A, and VIM) were up-regulated and 39 genes including EPHA2, FOXM1, HPSE, ITGA5, ITGAE, ITGB3, PAEP, and TGFBR1 were down-regulated in ectopic endometrium. The high transcript number of AFP, ALOX15, F2RL1, and PRKCG in proliferative phase eutopic endometrium appears to be a potential biomarker for endometriosis. Conclusions Differential expression of specific genes appeared as distinguishing features for ectopic endometrium compared with eutopic endometrium; many of them might be associated with poor cellular integrity of endometriotic cells. However, ectopic endometrium did not show overt molecular indication of tumorigenic potential.
Omega 3 Fatty Acids Counteract IL-8 and Prostaglandin E2 Secretion Induced by TNF-α in Cultured Endometrial Stromal Cells
Authors: Novembri Romina , Luisi Stefano , Carrarelli Patrizia , Ciani Valentina , de Pascalis Flavio , Petraglia Felice 
Published: May 2021

Background Inflammation is part of the normal host response to infection and injury and excess inflammation may lead to acute or chronic diseases. Endometriosis is a common gynecologic disease characterized by increased endometrial production of inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, reactive oxygen species, and prostaglandins. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids play a role in the inflammatory process and a therapeutic effect has been suggested. Methods On this basis, this study aimed to assess in human cultured endometrial stromal cells the effect of two omega-3 fatty acids (DHA and EPA), on i) TNF-α induced IL-8 and PGE2 release and on ii) cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) mRNA expression a key enzyme for prostaglandin production. Results DHA or EPA significantly reduced LPS-induced IL-8 (P<0.01) and PGE2 (P<0.01) release decreasing the expression of Cox-2 (P<0.01). Conclusions In conclusion, our study revealed an inhibitory effect of omega-3 fatty acids on inflammatory mediators secretion and suggests a potential benefit for the treatment of pelvic pain in patients with dysmenorrhea and/or endometriosis.
Ultrasound Diagnosis of Pelvic Endometriosis
Authors: Maiorana Antonio , Incandela Domenico , Giambanco Laura , Alio Walter , Alio Luigi 
Published: May 2021

Purpose Endometriosis remains a challenging condition for clinicians, research scientists, and patients alike. Routine clinical examination is insufficient to diagnose and evaluate the extent of pelvic endometriosis which can be assessed by means of imaging techniques, including transvaginal sonography (TVS), transrectal sonography (TRS), rectal endoscopic sonography (RES), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Our purpose was to analyze the different imaging techniques and their efficacy for the ultrasound diagnosis of pelvic endometriosis. Materials and methods This review examined 85 studies on the ultrasound diagnosis of endometriosis published between 2005 and 2010. The structure of the review is based first on the anatomical location of the endometriosis lesion, and then on the study of the techniques used, including transvaginal sonography, transrectal sonography, rectal endoscopic sonography, and MRI. Results TVS is the first-line imaging technique for diagnosing pelvic endometriosis. Many studies have demonstrated that sensitivities and specificities of TVS for diagnosing endometriomas range from 75% to 91% and 88% to 99%, respectively, while for RES the percentages are 88% and 90%, respectively, for the diagnosis of intestinal endometriosis. TVS and RES can correctly diagnose posterior deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) with an accuracy of 86.4% and 74.1%, respectively. Conclusions The analysis of these results show that ultrasound is the first-line diagnostic technique for the diagnosis of pelvic endometriosis. RES can help to identify the presence and the degree of wall infiltration of bowel sites. However, in patients with a consistent clinical suspicion of deep endometriosis, MRI is a good “all in one” examination to diagnose and define the exact extent of DIE.
Arching over the Atlantic: Exploring Links between Brazilian and Angolan Musical Bows
Authors: Diaz Juan Diego , Assunção Matthias Röhrig , Beyer Gregory 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCombining historical, organological, ethnographic, and musical analysis, this article explores the relationship between three musical bows— the Angolan hungu and mbulumbumba and the Brazilian berimbau—in the context of the South Atlantic African diaspora. Our intervention crisscrosses scholarly debates about the survival and adaptation of African musical bows in Brazil and capoeiristas’ discourses about the Angolan origins of capoeira and the berimbau. We argue for a direct connection between the hungu and berimbau, calling into question any such link to the mbulumbumba, one first posited by Gerhard Kubik in the 1970s and reasserted by subsequent scholars.Esse artigo explora a relação entre três arcos musicais (o hungu e o mbulumbumba de Angola e o berimbau do Brasil) numa análise que combina enfoques histórico, organólogico, etnográfico e musical no contexto da diáspora do Atlântico Sul. Nossa intervenção engaja debates acadêmicos a respeito da sobrevivência e da adaptação dos arcos musicais no Brasil, e os discursos de capoeiristas sobre as origens angolanas da capoeira e do berimbau. Nós sustentamos uma conexão direta entre o hungu e o berimbau, questionando um vínculo direto com o mbulumbumba, como foi defendido por Gerhard Kubik nos anos de 1970 e reafirmado por estudiosos subsequentes.
Survivorship of the Hip Joint After Acetabulum Fracture
Authors: Preston Gordon , Heimke Isabella M. , Heindel Koan , Scarcella Nicholas R. , Furdock Ryan , Vallier Heather A. 
Published: May 2021

Purpose:
The purposes of this study were to determine the rate of failure of the hip joint after acetabulum fracture and to identify risk factors.

Methods:
Acetabulum fractures treated over 17 years at a level-1 trauma center were reviewed. Patient, injury, and treatment factors were assessed regarding possible association with failure of the hip joint: end-stage arthrosis and/or total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Results:
Seventy percent were treated with primary open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). Seventy-two (12.5%) of 575 fractures underwent THA; 64 were after initial ORIF. The mean follow-up was 80 months, and the median time to THA was 14 months (range 10-200 months). Age, body mass index, fracture type, marginal impaction, and hip dislocations were independent predictors of hip joint failure. The mean injured age of THA patients was 53 versus 43 (P < 0.001). T-type fractures were most likely to fail (21% within 2 years, 45% within 10 years, P = 0.001). Other injury features: marginal impaction and posterior hip dislocation were associated with failure with odds ratios 2.79 and 1.73, respectively (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Eighty-five percent of native hips survived; the median time to THA was 14 months. Most who had THA had initial posterior fracture-dislocations. Older age, elevated body mass index, T-type pattern, marginal impaction, and hip dislocation increase the likelihood of hip joint failure.
Is urologist burnout different on the other side of the pond? A European perspective
Authors: Pang Karl H. , Webb Thomas E. , Esperto Francesco , Osman Nadir I. 
Published: May 2021

The rate of burnout among physicians appears to be on the rise and urologist are no exception. In fact, urology appears to be one of the specialties most affected, with European urologists reporting burnout rates of up to 54% and those working in the United States up to 68%.
Herein, we review the relatively few studies looking at burnout in European urologists to estimate its prevalence and discuss what could be done to reverse the trend. A total of seven studies were identified assessing burnout in urologists in Europe and Turkey. While the rates vary (9.3–68%), they indicate that burnout is prevalent within urology, with data from other studies suggesting there is a rising trend. Although the topic has been studied for many years, with an increased focus in the last decade, little seems to have been done to improve the situation.
‘We gaan het gewoon doen!’
Authors: van Bochove Marianne , Rusinovic Katja , Koops-Boelaars Suzanna , van Hoof Joost 
Published: May 2021

Rebellious initiatives in education and housing
Both education and housing are highly regulated sectors in the Netherlands. According to various stakeholders, regulations and formal and informal rules hinder the development of new initiatives aimed at providing attention to personal needs and wishes of children (in education) and older people (in housing). This article focuses on founders of initiatives in both sectors that, despite institutional obstacles, dare to do things differently. We adopt a rebellion perspective, which focuses on how individual and collective actors aim to create favorable circumstances for providing better services, even if this means they have to disrupt existing institutions. In-depth interviews were conducted with 22 founders of rebellious initiatives in education and housing for older people. According to the founders, what makes them different from others is having a dream, learning by doing, and critically assessing rules and regulations. Founders in both sectors not only interpret rules differently, but also try to change them. In order to do so, they need supportive internal and external contexts, which they create through personal contacts and social media. Although rebellion in both sectors has many similarities, sector-specific institutional settings and past events do shape its appearance.