bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asian Attitudes and Perceptions Toward Hospital-At-Home: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Lai Yi Feng , Lim Yee Wei , Kuan Win Sen , Goh Joel , Soong John Tshon Yit , Shorey Shefaly , Ko Stephanie Q. 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Hospital-at-Home (HaH) programmes are well-established in Australia, Europe, and the United States. However, there is limited experience in Asia, where the hospital is traditionally seen as a safe and trusted space for healing. This cross-sectional study aimed to explore attitudes and perceptions among patients and caregivers in Singapore toward this care model.Methods: A quantitative study design was adopted to collect data among patients and their caregivers from medical wards within two acute hospitals in Singapore. Using a series of closed-ended and open-ended questions, the investigator-administered survey aimed to explore barriers and facilitators determining patients' and caregivers' responses. The study questionnaire was pretested and validated. Data were summarised using descriptive statistics, and logistic regression was performed to determine key factors influencing patients' decisions to enrol in such programmes.Results: Survey responses were collected from 120 participants (101 patients, 19 caregivers; response rate: 76%), of which 87 respondents (72.5%) expressed willingness to try HaH if offered. Many respondents valued non-quantifiable programme benefits, including perceived gains in quality of life. Among them, reasons cited for acceptance included preference for the comfort of their home environment, presence of family members, and confidence toward remote monitoring modalities. Among respondents who were unwilling to accept HaH, a common reason indicated was stronger confidence toward hospital care.Discussion: Most patients surveyed were open to having acute care delivered in their home environment, and concerns expressed may largely be addressed by operational considerations. The findings provide useful insights toward the planning of HaH programmes in Singapore.
Predictive Model for Systemic Infection After Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy and Related Factors Analysis
Authors: Tang Yiming , Zhang Chi , Mo Chengqiang , Gui Chengpeng , Luo Junhang , Wu Rongpei 
Published: July 2021

Objectives: To investigate the factors associated with systemic infection after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and establish a predictive model to provide theoretical basis for the prevention of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and urosepsis correlate to percutaneous nephrostomy.Methods: Patients received PCNL between January 2016 and December 2020 were retrospectively enrolled. All patients were categorized into groups according to postoperative SIRS and urosepsis status. Single factor analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to determine the predictive factors of SIRS and urosepsis after PCNL. The nomograms were generated using the predictors respectively and the discriminative ability of was assessed by analyses of receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC curves).Results: A total of 758 PCNL patients were enrolled in this study, including 97 (12.8%) patients with SIRS and 42 (5.5%) patients with urosepsis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that there were 5 factors related to SIRS, followed by preoperative neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (odds ratio, OR = 1.721, 95% confidence interval, CI [1.116–2.653], p = 0.014), S.T.O.N.E. score (OR = 1.902, 95% CI [1.473–2.457], p &lt; 0.001), female gender (OR = 2.545, 95% CI [1.563–4.144], p &lt; 0.001), diabetes history (OR = 1.987, 95% CI [1.051–3.755], p = 0.035), positive urine culture (OR = 3.184, 95% CI [1.697–5.974], p &lt; 0.001). And there were four factors related to urosepsis, followed by preoperative NLR (OR = 1.604, 95% CI [1.135–2.266], p = 0.007), S.T.O.N.E. score (OR = 1.455, 95% CI [1.064–1.988], p = 0.019), female gender (OR = 2.08, 95% CI [1.063–4.07], p = 0.032), positive urine culture (OR = 2.827, 95% CI [1.266–6.313], p = 0.011). A nomogram prediction model was established to calculate the cumulative probability of SIRS and urosepsis after PCNL and displayed favorable fitting by Hosmer–Lemeshow test (p = 0.953, p = 0.872). The area under the ROC curve was 0.784 (SIRS) and 0.772 (urosepsis) respectively.Conclusion: Higher preoperative NLR, higher S.T.O.N.E. score, female gender, and positive urine culture are the most significant predictors of SIRS and urosepsis. Diabetes history is the predictor of SIRS. These data will help identify high-risk individuals and facilitate early detection of SIRS and urosepsis post-PCNL.
Analyses of Substrate-Dependent Broadband Microwave (1–40 GHz) Dielectric Properties of Pulsed Laser Deposited Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 Films
Authors: Dey Sandwip K. , Kooriyattil Sudheendran , Pavunny Shojan P. , Katiyar Ram S. , Subramanyam Guru 
Published: July 2021

Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 (BST-0.5) thin films (600 nm) were deposited on single crystal MgO, SrTiO3 (STO), and LaAlO3 (LAO) substrates by pulsed laser deposition at an oxygen partial pressure of 80 mTorr and temperature of 720 °C. X-ray diffraction and in situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction routinely ascertained the epitaxial quality of the (100)-oriented nanocrystalline films. The broadband microwave (1–40 GHz) dielectric properties were measured using coplanar waveguide transmission line test structures. The out-of-plane relative permittivity (ε⏊/) exhibited strong substrate-dependent dielectric (relaxation) dispersions with their attendant peaks in loss tangent (tanδ), with the former dropping sharply from tens of thousands to ~1000 by 10 GHz. Although homogeneous in-plane strain (ϵǁ), enhances ε⏊/ with εMgOBST−0.5⏊/>εSTOBST−0.5⏊/>εLAOBST−0.5⏊/ at lower frequencies, two crossover points at 8.6 GHz and 18 GHz eventually change the trend to: εSTOBST−0.5⏊/>εLAOBST−0.5⏊/>εMgOBST−0.5⏊/. The dispersions are qualitatively interpreted using (a) theoretically calculated (T)−(ϵǁ) phase diagram for single crystal and single domain BST-0.5 film, (b) theoretically predicted ϵǁ-dependent, ε⏊/ anomaly that does not account for frequency dependence, and (c) literature reports on intrinsic and extrinsic microstructural effects, including defects-induced inhomogeneous strain and strain gradients. From the Vendik and Zubko model, the defect parameter metric, ξs, was estimated to be 0.51 at 40 GHz for BST-0.5 film on STO.
Specific features of estimating calculated rainfall rates with account of extreme rain showers
Authors: Волков С.Н. , Житенев А.И. , Рублевская О.Н. , Курганов Ю.А. , Костенко И.Г. , Игнатчик В.С. , Игнатчик С.Ю. , Кузнецова Н.В. , Сенюкович М.А. 
Published: July 2021

Анализ официальных источников информации показывает, что распределение экстремальных дождей по территории происходит с учетом микроклиматических особенностей ее местности. Для оценки степени достоверности таких закономерностей в пределах мегаполисов проведены экспериментальные исследования, в которых в качестве экспериментальной базы принята система водоотведения Санкт-Петербурга, в качестве средств измерения – сеть из 34 автоматических осадкомеров, осуществляющих записи с интервалом 5 минут, в качестве экспериментальной информации – база данных результатов измерений в течение шести лет. В результате исследований установлено, что в городской среде формируется микроклимат, отличающийся от климата за ее пределами. Кроме того, в масштабах мегаполисов имеются микроклиматические зоны, в которых зависимости интенсивностей осадков от их повторяемости могут существенно отличаться. При этом отличия начинают проявляться при периодах р однократного превышения расчетной интенсивности дождей от 1,5–2 лет, а при их меньших значениях отличия не выявлены. Полученный результат согласуется с данными исследований других авторов, экспериментально установивших, что количество экстремальных дождей увеличивается в тех районах мегаполисов, как правило, исторических,в которых меньше зеленых насаждений и, соответственно, более высокая степень перегрева поверхности в летнее время.
The analysis of official data resources shows that the distribution of extreme rainfall over the territory is carried out with account of the microclimatic features of the area. To estimate the degree of reliability of such patterns within megalopolises, experimental studies were carried out, where the wastewater disposal system of St. Petersburg was assumed as an experimental base; a network of 34 automatic rain gauges recording with an interval of 5 minutes was assumed as a measuring instrument, and a base was used as experimental information, i. e., a measurement data base for six years. As a result of the research, it has been established that a microclimate is formed in the urban environment that differs from the climate outside it. Besides, on a megacity scale, there are microclimatic zones where the dependences of precipitation intensities on their frequency can differ significantly. In this case, the differences begin to manifest at periods p of one-time excess of the calculated rainfall intensity from 1.5–2 years, whereas at lower values, no differences have been found. The result obtained is consistent with the research data obtained by other authors, who experimentally established that the amount of extreme rainfall increased in those areas of megacities, as a rule, historical ones, where fewer green spaces are located, and, accordingly, a higher degree of surface overheating in summer is recorded.
Energy audit of pumps in industrial and municipal systems and labeling of the operational efficiency: systematic approach (part 2)
Authors: Фисенко В.Н. 
Published: July 2021

На основании системного подхода выработаны единые критерии оценки энергоэффективности работы насосов в реальных промышленных (коммунальных) системах с позиции экологичной эксплуатации в низкоуглеродной экономике. При этом учтен комплексный подход производителей насосов при тестовых испытаниях и разработчиков реальных систем с насосами при исследовательских и оптимизационных расчетах. Приведен пример оценки экологичной энергоэффективной работы насоса с переменной нагрузкой в коммунальной системе с изменяющейся во времени статической составляющей напора. Приведен пример типового отчета энергетического обследования, в основе которого: сформированная для насосов оценка по классам энергетической маркировки, для условий эксплуатации в системе, с произвольными профилями нагрузки; вычисляемая структура режимов расчетного цикла насоса с определением соотношения энергоэффективных и энергозатратных режимов эксплуатации, перерасхода энергопотребления и учета негативного воздействия на окружающую среду в виде объема выбросов парниковых газов в СО2-эквиваленте. Рассмотрен подход к совершенствованию механизма стимулирования потребителей насосов для осуществления энергосервисных контрактов по снижению энергоемкости индустриальных и коммунальных технологических процессов.
On the basis of a systematic approach, uniform criteria have been developed for estimating the energy efficiency of pumps in real industrial (municipal) systems from the standpoint of environmentally friendly operation in a low-carbon economy. At the same time, the integrated approach of pump manufacturers in tests and designers of real systems with pumps in the process of research and optimization calculations was taken into account. An example is given of estimating the eco-friendly energy efficient operation of a variable-load pump in a municipal system with a time dependent static head component. An example of a typical report of an energy survey is presented based on: the estimation developed for pumps by energy labelling classes for operating conditions in the system, with arbitrary load profiles; a computable structure of the pump design cycle modes with determining the ratio of energy-efficient and energy-consuming operation modes, excess demand energy and taking into account the negative impact on the environment in the form of greenhouse gas emissions in CO2-equivalent. An approach to improving the incentive mechanism for pump operators for the implementation of energy service contracts to reduce the energy intensity of industrial and communal technological processes is considered.
Uji Efektivitas Pasta Gigi Pemutih terhadap Perubahan Warna Gigi Ekstrinsik
Authors: Bayahu Cintia , Pengemanan Damajanty H. C. , Mintjelungan Christy N. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract: Physical appearance has a major influence in determining the quality of individual social interaction, especially in terms of non-verbal interactions. Tooth color is one of the things that affect physical appearance. Various efforts to improve the aesthetics of tooth color should be studied further, including the use of whitening toothpaste. This study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of whitening toothpaste on extrinsic tooth discoloration. This was a true experimen-tal study in the form of laboratory test. Coffee was used as a discoloring agent for teeth. Twenty-six premolar teeth were immersed in coffee solution for 14 days. Then the samples were divided into four groups based on the toothpaste used. Initial measurements used the CIEL *a*b* digital dental photo technique. Brushing was carried out for 14 days, after which the tooth color was measured again. The paired sample t-test and the Wilcoxon test showed a significant change in * L values in the group receiving 7% perlite, hydrated silica, and sodium bicarbonate (p=0.01; p=0.001; p=0.012). The Wilcoxon test showed no change in *a and *b values in all whitening toothpaste groups (p>0.05). There was no significant change in the *L *a *b toothpaste (p>0.05). In conclusion, whitening toothpaste is effective against extrinsic tooth discoloration.Keywords: extrinsic tooth discoloration; whitening toothpaste; tooth colorAbstrak: Penampilan fisik memiliki pengaruh besar dalam menentukan kualitas interaksi sosial individu, terutama dalam hal interaksi non-verbal. Salah satu hal yang memengaruhi penampilan fisik individu ialah warna gigi. Berbagai upaya untuk meningkatkan estetika warna gigi harus dikaji lebih lanjut, termasuk penggunaan pasta gigi pemutih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pasta gigi pemutih terhadap perubahan warna gigi ekstrinsik. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental murni (true experimental design) berupa uji laboratorik. Kopi digunakan sebagai bahan diskolorasi untuk gigi. Sebanyak 26 gigi premolar direndam dalam larutan kopi selama 14 hari. Sampel dibagi ke dalam empat kelompok berdasarkan pasta gigi yang digunakan. Pengukuran awal menggunakan teknik digital dental photo CIEL*a*b*. Penyikatan dilakukan selama 14 hari, setelah itu warna gigi diukur kembali. Hasil uji paired sample t-test dan Wilcoxon menunjukkan terdapat perubahan nilai *L yang bermakna pada kelompok yang mendapatkan perlite 7%, silica hydrated, dan sodium bicarbonate (p=0,01; p=0,001; p=0,012). Uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan tidak terdapat perubahan nilai *a dan nilai *b pada semua kelompok pasta gigi pemutih (p>0,05). Pada pasta gigi tanpa pemutih tidak didapatkan perubahan nilai *L*a*b yang bermakna (p>0,05). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah pasta gigi pemutih efektif terhadap perubahan warna gigi ekstrinsik.Kata kunci: perubahan warna gigi ekstrinsik; pasta gigi pemutih; warna gigi
Daya Hambat Ekstrak Daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia Steenis) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Aruperes Geraldo Y. , Pangemanan Damajanty H. C. , Mintjelungan Christy N. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract: Herbal plants in Indonesia have been widely used as ingredients in traditional medicine; one of them is binahong plant (Anredera cordifolia Steenis). Binahong has roots, tubers, stems, flowers, and leaves that contain active compounds, namely flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and saponins. The active compounds of flavonoids can act directly as antibiotics by interfering with the function of microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses. Binahong also contains active antimicrobials that can be used to prevent bacterial growth. This study was aimed to determine the inhibition effect of binahong leaf extract (Anredera cardifolia Ssteenis) against the growth of Streptococcus mutans. This was a literature review study by searching databases of Google Scholar and Pubmed. The keywords used were Binahong leaf (Anredera Cordifolia Steenis), Streptococcus mutans. After being selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 experimental literatures were obtained. The results showed that as many as 10 literatures stated that binahong leaf extract could inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans depending on the amount of binahong leaf extract given. In conclusion, binahong leaf extract has the ability to inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans which depends on the amount of the leaf extract.Keywords: binahong leaves (Anredera cordifolia Steenis); Streptococcus mutans Abstrak: Tanaman herbal di Indonesia telah banyak digunakan sebagai bahan obat tradisional, salah satunya ialah tanaman binahong (Anredera cordifolia Steenis). Binahong memiliki akar, umbi, batang, bunga, daun yang mengandung senyawa aktif yaitu flavonoid, alkanoid, terpenoid dan saponin. Senyawa aktif flavonoid dapat berperan langsung sebagai antibiotik dengan menggangu fungsi mikroorganisme seperti bakteri dan virus. Binahong juga mengandung antimikroba yang aktif sehingga dapat digunakan dalam mencegah pertumbuhan bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya hambat ekstrak daun binahong (Anredera cardifolia Steenis) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Streptoccocus mutans. Jenis penelitian ini suatu literature review. Pencarian data menggunakan database Google Scholar dan Pubmed dengan kata kunci yaitu daun Binahong (Anredera Cordifolia Steenis), Streptococcus mutans. Setelah diseleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi didapatkan 10 literatur eksperimental yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa ke 10 literatur tersebut menyatakan ekstrak daun binahong memiliki daya hambat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans, dan daya hambatnya tergantung dari banyaknya ekstrak daun binahong yang diberikan. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah ekstrak daun binahong mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans yang dipengaruhi oleh banyaknya ekstrak daun tersebut.Kata kunci: daun binahong (Anredera cordifolia Steenis); Streptococcus mutans
Status Karies Gigi pada Pengidap HIV/AIDS
Authors: Sundah Michael J. , Mintjelungan Christy N. , Pangemanan Damajanty H. C. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a virus that attacks the human immune system, especially white blood cells called CD4 cells. Meanwhile, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a syndrome that arises due to the decline in the human immune system caused by HIV infection. Several studies showed that people living with HIV/AIDS had a higher risk of developing dental caries compared to those without HIV/AIDS. Maintenance of oral hygiene, consumption of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs, and low salivary flow play a role in increasing the risk of caries in people living with HIV/AIDS. This study was aimed to determine the status of dental caries in people living with HIV/AIDS. This was a literature review using the databases of Google Scholar, PubMed, and Clinical Key. The results obtained five journals that were relevant to the topic of discussion. There was a high prevalence of caries in people with HIV/AIDS (56.78%-78.7%) and a higher average caries status (12.83±9.6, 15.14±6.09, and 11.87±8.08) compared to those without HIV/AIDS. The high prevalence of caries in people with HIV/AIDS was influenced by decreased salivary flow, use of ARVs, consumption of sweet foods, and lack of oral hygiene. In conclusion, the prevalence of caries in people living with HIV/AIDS was high.Keywords: dental caries, HIV/AIDS Abstrak: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) adalah virus yang menyerang sistem kekebalan tubuh manusia kususnya sel darah putih yang disebut sel CD4 sedangkan acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) merupakan sindrom yang muncul akibat menurunnya sistem kekebalan tubuh manusia yang diakibatkan infeksi HIV. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengidap HIV/AIDS berisiko lebih tinggi mengalami karies gigi dibandingkan dengan orang tanpa HIV/AIDS. Pemeliharaan kebersihan gigi mulut, konsumsi obat antiretroviral (ARV), dan aliran saliva yang rendah berperan dalam peningkatan risiko karies gigi pada pengidap HIV/AIDS. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui status karies gigi pada pengidap HIV/AIDS. Jenis penelitian ialah suatu literature review. Database yang digunakan untuk pencarian literatur ialah Google Scholar, PubMed, dan Clinical Key. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan prevalensi karies yang tinggi pada pengidap HIV/AIDS (56,78%-78,7%) dan rerata status karies lebih tinggi (12,83±9,6, 15,14±6,09, dan 11,87±8,08) dibandingkan dengan yang tanpa HIV/AIDS. Tingginya prevalensi karies pada pengidap HIV/AIDS dipengaruhi oleh penurunan laju aliran saliva, penggunaan ARV, konsumsi makanan manis, dan kurangnya menjaga kebersihan gigi mulut. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah prevalensi karies pada pengidap HIV/AIDS tergolong tinggi.Kata kunci: karies gigi, HIV/AIDS
Effectiveness of Cultured Chondrocytes in the Restoration of Bone and Cartilage Defects of the Knee Joint (Experimental Study)
Authors: Zubov D.O. , Poliachenko Yu.V. , Kostrub O.O. , Kotiuk V.V. , Blonskyi R.I. , Zasadniuk I.A. 
Published: July 2021

Summary. The aim of our study was to determine the effectiveness of cultured articular chondrocytes in agarose hydrogel (early follow-up, 3 months) in the restoration of simulated cartilaginous defects of the knee of critical size in large animals.
Materials and Methods. The experimental series consisted of 4 dogs (right hind limb) with created defects of articular cartilage deeper than the subchondral bone in the area of the intercondylar notch of the femur with a diameter of 3 mm and 5 mm deep. At the second stage of the experiment, agarose hydrogel with cultured allogeneic chondrocytes was implanted (sealed) into the injured joint intraarticularly. The control series consisted of 4 animals (left hind limb) without agarose hydrogel with cultured allogeneic chondrocytes implantation to the intercondylar notch of the femur. Agarose hydrogel with cultured allogeneic chondrocytes was implanted by application into the defects of the articular surfaces after curettage of the bottom and walls of bone and cartilage defects of the articular surfaces. Cell preparations and cultures were microscopically magnified at 40, 100, 200, and 320 times. Histological sections 10-15 μm thick, made using a cryotome, were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and hematoxylin-picrofuxin according to van Gizon.
Results. The technique of enzymatic isolation of chondrocytes articular cartilage of a dog was optimized. The satisfactory efficacy of cultured allogeneic articular chondrocytes in agarose hydrogel (early observation) in the treatment of simulated bone and cartilage defects of critical size in large animals within the planned observation period is shown.
Conclusions. The experimental study explored the effectiveness of the use of cultured allogenic articular chondrocytes embedded in agarose hydrogel (early follow-up period) in the restoration of modeled knee cartilage defects of critical size in dogs within the planned follow-up period. For the selected follow-up period (3 months), the signs of regenerate formation, which was characterized by its immaturity and the presence of a mixture of fibrous connective tissue and fibrous cartilage with the chondroid structure inclusions, were revealed in experimental group.