bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘I am put on quite a bit’: Recurrent complaining and the ambivalences of multigenerational near‐co‐residence
Authors: Heinrichsmeier Rachel 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMany studies of complaints‐in‐interaction have examined long sequences. This paper, by contrast, scrutinises a series of complaints produced within the same participation framework across four successive encounters. The data comprise audio‐recorded talk between an older woman (the complainant) and her stylist in a hair salon. Drawing on conversation analysis and membership categorisation analysis, I show how the complainant recurrently, but implicitly, implicates her near‐co‐resident adult daughter as a culpable figure in her complaints. I argue that it is the longitudinal nature of the data that enables this identification of the daughter as the recurrent underlying target. The paper thereby contributes to studies of complaining‐in‐interaction. It also shows how we might address some of the methodological issues associated with implicitly designed complaints. Furthermore, I argue that through the detail of the way she designs her articulation of her troubles—as complaints, but with the culpability of her daughter often very implicit—the complainant discursively constructs the complexity of her familial relations and living situation. This paper thereby also contributes to sociolinguistic studies of social ageing by offering insights into some of the lived ambivalence of co‐residence arrangements in later life.
Effects of adding high‐dosing Aspergillus oryzae phytase to corn–wheat–soybean meal‐based basal diet on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, faecal gas emission, carcass traits and meat quality in growing‐finishing pigs
Authors: Dang De Xin , Kim In Ho 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis study tests the effects of supplementation of high‐dosing Aspergillus oryzae phytase into the corn–wheat–soybean meal (SBM)‐based basal diet on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, faecal gas emission, carcass traits and meat quality in growing‐finishing pigs (29.73–110.86 kg live weight; 70‐day‐old to 166‐day‐old). A total of 56 crossbred pigs [(Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc] were divided into two dietary groups for a 96‐day experiment (growing period, days 0–42; finishing period, days 43–96) with a completely randomized block design. There were seven replicate pens in each dietary group, and each pen has four pigs (two barrows and two gilts). The dietary treatments consisted of a corn–wheat–SBM‐based nutrient sufficient basal diet or the basal diet supplemented with 1500 FTU/kg A. oryzae phytase. One phytase unit (FTU) was defined as the amount of enzyme that catalyses the release of one micromole phosphate from phytate/min at 37°C and pH 5.5. Higher average daily gain and lower feed conversion ratio were observed in growing‐finishing pigs consuming a high‐dosing A. oryzae phytase supplementing diet during days 0–42 and 0–96. Supplementing high‐dosing A. oryzae phytase to the diet of growing‐finishing pigs increased apparent total tract digestibility of phosphorus on days 42 and 96. Moreover, growing‐finishing pigs fed the diet supplemented with high‐dosing A. oryzae phytase had higher carcass back‐fat thickness than those fed the control diet. However, the faecal gas emission and meat quality were not affected by high‐dosing A. oryzae phytase supplementation. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of high‐dosing A. oryzae phytase (1500 FTU/kg) had beneficial effects on the growth performance, apparent phosphorus digestibility and carcass back‐fat thickness in growing‐finishing pigs.
The relationship between fruit and vegetable intake with functional dyspepsia in adults
Authors: Tabibian Seyed‐Reza , Hajhashemy Zahra , Shaabani Pouria , Saneei Parvane , Keshteli Ammar Hassanzadeh , Esmaillzadeh Ahmad , Adibi Peyman 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe association of fruit and vegetables with functional dyspepsia (FD) has been less studied, especially in Middle Eastern populations. This study investigated the relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption with FD and its related symptoms among a large group of Iranian adults.Methods and MaterialsThis cross‐sectional research was conducted on 3362 middle‐age participants. Usual dietary intakes, including fruit and vegetable intake, during the last year were assessed using a validated 106‐item dish‐based food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). A modified Persian version of the Rome III questionnaire was used for assessment of FD.ResultsThe prevalence of FD among study participants was 14.5%. After adjustment for confounders, the highest energy‐adjusted tertile of fruit consumption was related to 32% lower risk of FD, compared to the lowest intake (OR = 0.68, 95% CI:0.51–0.90). Fruit consumption was also significantly related to lower risk of early satiation (OR = 0.67, 95% CI:0.54–0.85) and post‐prandial fullness (OR = 0.75, 95% CI:0.61–0.92). Vegetable consumption was not related to the risk of FD in all models. Men who were in the third tertile of fruit and the third tertile vegetable consumption had lower risk of FD compared to the first tertile; but, in women, just fruit consumption was related to the reduced risk of FD, after adjustment for all confounders.ConclusionWe found an inverse association between fruit intake and dyspepsia symptoms. In addition, high consumption of fruit was related to lower odds of early satiation and post‐prandial fullness. Higher intake of vegetables was associated with lower risk of FD, only in men.
Altered interaction between enteric glial cells and mast cells in the colon of women with irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Meira de‐Faria Felipe , Casado‐Bedmar Maite , Mårten Lindqvist Carl , Jones Michael P. , Walter Susanna A. , Keita Åsa V. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundEnteric glial cells (EGC) and mast cells (MC) are intimately associated with gastrointestinal physiological functions. We aimed to investigate EGC‐MC interaction in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a gut‐brain disorder linked to increased intestinal permeability, and MC.MethodsParallel approaches were used to quantify EGC markers in colonic biopsies from healthy controls (HC) and patients with IBS. Data were correlated with MC, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and VIP receptors (VPAC1/VPAC2) expressions, and bacterial translocation through biopsies mounted in Ussing chambers. In addition, we investigated the effects of EGC mediators on colonic permeability and the pharmacological‐induced responses of EGC and MC cell lines.Key ResultsImmunofluorescence of IBS colonic mucosa, as well as Western blotting and ELISA of IBS biopsy lysates, revealed increased glial fibrillary intermediate filament (GFAP) expression, indicating EGC activation. Mucosal GFAP correlated with increased MC and VPAC1+MC numbers and decreased VIP+MC, which seemed to control bacterial translocation in HC. In the contrary, EGC activation in IBS correlated with less MC and VPAC1+ MC numbers, and more VIP+ MC. In vitro, MC and EGC cell lines showed intracellular calcium responses to each other's mediators. Furthermore, EGC mediators prevented VIP‐induced MC degranulation, while MC mediators induced a reactive EGC phenotype. In Ussing chambers, EGC mediators decreased paracellular passage through healthy colonic biopsies.Conclusions & InferencesFindings suggest the involvement of EGC and MC in the control of barrier function in the human colon and indicate a potential EGC‐MC interaction that seems altered in IBS, with detrimental consequences to colonic permeability. Altogether, results suggest that imbalanced EGC‐MC communication contributes to the pathophysiology of IBS.
Determining patient treatment preferences for management of acute pain episodes in irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Almario Christopher V. , Eberlein Samuel , Khalil Carine , Spiegel Brennan M. R. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundMany patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) experience acute and unexpected pain episodes over and above chronic background symptoms, and there are emerging medications designed to treat such pain. We aimed to use conjoint analysis—a technique that elucidates how people make complex decisions—to examine patient preferences for emerging medicines for breakthrough IBS pain.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional conjoint analysis survey among patients with Rome IV IBS and recurrent episodes of acute pain to assess the relative importance of medication attributes in their decision‐making. We also assessed what respondents would require of subcutaneous (SQ) therapies to consider their use.Key ResultsAmong 629 patients with Rome IV IBS, 606 (96.3%) reported ≥1 acute pain episodes in the past month. For the 461 participants with multiple attacks who completed the conjoint analysis, they prioritized medication efficacy (importance score 34.9%), avoidance of nausea (24.3%), and avoidance of constipation (12.2%) as most important in their decision‐making. These were followed by route of administration (10.3%), avoidance of headache (9.3%), and avoidance of drowsiness (8.9%). Moreover, 431 (93.5%) participants would consider SQ therapies for their acute pain; they had varying expectations on the minimum pain decrease and onset and duration of pain relief needed for considering their use.Conclusions and InferencesThe vast majority of patients with IBS experience breakthrough pain, and when selecting among therapies, they prioritize efficacy and most are willing to use a rapid‐acting SQ treatment. These results support development of novel, effective medications—oral or SQ—for management of acute pain attacks.
Non‐uniform gastric wall kinematics revealed by 4D Cine magnetic resonance imaging in humans
Authors: Sclocco Roberta , Nguyen Christopher , Staley Rowan , Fisher Harrison , Mendez April , Velez Christopher , Kettner Norman W. , Kuo Braden , Napadow Vitaly 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundAssessment of gastric function in humans has relied on modalities with varying degrees of invasiveness, which are usually limited to the evaluation of single aspects of gastric function, thus requiring patients to undergo a number of often invasive tests for a full clinical understanding. Therefore, the development of a non‐invasive tool able to concurrently assess multiple aspects of gastric function is highly desirable for both research and clinical assessments of gastrointestinal (GI) function. Recently, technological advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have provided new tools for dynamic (or “cine”) body imaging. Such approaches can be extended to GI applications.MethodsIn the present work, we propose a non‐invasive assessment of gastric function using a four‐dimensional (4D, volumetric cine imaging), free‐breathing MRI sequence with gadolinium‐free contrast enhancement achieved through a food‐based meal. In healthy subjects, we successfully estimated multiple parameters describing gastric emptying, motility, and peristalsis propagation patterns.Key ResultsOur data demonstrated non‐uniform kinematics of the gastric wall during peristaltic contraction, highlighting the importance of using volumetric data to derive motility measures.Conclusions & InferencesMRI has the potential of becoming an important clinical and gastric physiology research tool, providing objective parameters for the evaluation of impaired gastric function.
Longitudinal monitoring of asthma in the clinic using respiratory oscillometry
Authors: Cottee Alice M. , Seccombe Leigh M. , Thamrin Cindy , Badal Tanya , King Gregory G. , Peters Matthew J. , Farah Claude S. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackground and objectiveAsthma guidelines emphasize the importance of assessing lung function and symptoms. The forced oscillation technique (FOT) and its longitudinal relationship with spirometry and symptoms are unresolved. We examined concordance between longitudinal spirometry, FOT and symptom control, and determined FOT limits of agreement in stable asthma.MethodsOver a 3‐year period, adults with asthma attending a tertiary clinic completed the asthma control test (ACT), fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), FOT and spirometry. Analysis included between‐visit concordance for significant change using Cohen's kappa (κ) and stable asthma FOT limits of agreement.ResultsData (n = 186) from 855 visits (mean ± SD 4.6 ± 3.0 visits), 114 ± 95 days apart, were analysed. Between‐visit concordance was moderate between reactance at 5 Hz (X5) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) (κ = 0.34, p = 0.001), and weak between ACT and FEV1 (κ = 0.18, p = 0.001). Change in FeNO did not correlate with lung function or ACT (κ < 0.05, p > 0.1). Stable asthma between visits (n = 75; 132 visits) had reduced lung function variability, but comparable concordance to the entire cohort. Limits of agreement for FEV1 (0.42 L), resistance at 5 Hz (2.06 cm H2O s L−1) and X5 (2.75 cm H2O s L−1) in stable asthma were at least twofold greater than published values in health.ConclusionIn adults with asthma, there is moderate concordance between longitudinal change in FOT and spirometry. Both tests relate poorly to changes in asthma control, highlighting the need for multi‐modal assessment in asthma rather than symptoms alone. The derivation of longitudinal FOT limits of agreement will assist in its clinical interpretation.
Spatial variation in the sedimentary architecture of a dryland fluvial system
Authors: Priddy Charlotte L. , Clarke Stuart M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAncient dryland terminal fluvial systems are often recognized within the rock record for having a progressive downstream decrease in the size and amalgamation of channel elements and systematic downstream increase in sheet and overbank elements, alongside the downstream decrease in grain size that is displayed by most fluvial systems. The spatial distribution and downstream trends displayed by the fluvial sediments of the Lower Jurassic Kayenta Formation of south‐western USA, have been examined quantitatively. The results indicate many trends that are similar to those of a dryland terminal fluvial system, including; a lack of confinement of the fluvial system, a downstream decrease in channel and sheet element amalgamation and width‐to‐thickness ratios, a downstream decrease in grain size, albeit very small, and an increase in the percentage of overbank elements downstream. However, the study highlights several downstream relationships that are atypical. While some of these relationships may be the result of external factors inherent in this study, others, including the thicknesses of channel‐fill and sheet elements that display no significant relationships to distance downstream, and channel‐fill elements that display no significant variation in average grain size with distance downstream, may be a consequence of fluvial interaction with a competing and coeval aeolian system. This work demonstrates the inherent complexity in arid dryland fluvial systems and the downstream architectural and compositional relationships that they depict. Consequently, models for fluvial style may provide only a first‐order approximation for downstream trends in dryland systems, because the controlling factors upon these systems are inherently difficult to unravel, and the sedimentary detail is strongly dependent upon external setting and internal complexity. Consequently, a generalized model may not always be applicable to these systems.
Maternal asthma during pregnancy and risks of allergy and asthma in progeny: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Roff Andrea J. , Morrison Janna L. , Tai Andrew , Clifton Vicki L. , Gatford Kathryn L. 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The primary objective of this systematic review is to synthesize the best available evidence on the relationship between in utero exposure to maternal asthma and postnatal allergy. Secondary objectives are to investigate the impact of asthma loss of control, asthma exacerbation, and asthma severity during pregnancy on risks of allergy and asthma in progeny.

Introduction:
Maternal asthma is a well-known risk factor for childhood asthma, with recent evidence suggesting that children of asthmatic mothers are also at increased risk of allergic diseases. Importantly, these do not appear to be purely genetic associations, since maternal asthma is more strongly associated with childhood asthma than paternal asthma. In addition, experimentally induced allergic asthma during pregnancy increases allergic responses to sensitization in mice. The strength of the relationships between exposure to maternal asthma or severity of maternal asthma, and progeny asthma and allergy are unknown.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will include primary studies that report incidence of physician-diagnosed asthma or allergic disease in human progeny who were exposed in utero to maternal asthma, in comparison to progeny not exposed to maternal asthma.

Methods:
Initial search terms include (pregnan∗ OR gestat∗) AND asthma∗ AND allerg∗. We will search the following electronic databases for published and unpublished evidence: PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE (Ovid), Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Scopus, Informit Health, MedNar, ProQuest, and Trove. There will be no restrictions on publication date. Only studies available as a full-text English publication will be considered for inclusion.

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42020201538
Use of Cuckoo Search Algorithm for Performance Evaluation of Split Elliptic Shaped Fins for Enhanced Rate of Heat Transfer
Authors: Ranjan Alok , Das Ranjan , Pal Sagnik , Majumder Arindam , Deb Madhujit 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Proper dissipation of thermal energy has always been a need for desirable efficiency of a system. Extended surface aids in releasing the heat to the immediate surrounding by inducing an extra area. This particular work assesses thermal and fluid flow behavior of extended surfaces with circular and elliptic shaped cross section. Extended surfaces of unvaried cross section are mounted over a square plate arrayed in a staggered manner. With the aid of different thermofluidic parameters, the elliptic shaped pin fin is established to provide a higher thermal performance enhancement of nearly 15% over cylindrical pin fin at inlet flow velocity of 2.35 m/s. Further, for elevating the interaction between the surface of the fin and the fluid, elliptic fins are reoriented to form a split. In contrast to cylindrical shaped fin, modification using split shows better result with the highest heat transfer increment of nearly 25%. Further, in order to maximize Nusselt number (Nu), a single objective cuckoo search optimization analysis is done by adopting the response surface method. After analyzing the optimization, it is found that the maximum value of Nu is obtained at dimensionless transverse offset (TO*) = 0.125 and dimensionless longitudinal offset (LO*) = 0, which has been further validated with the numerical result within 0.97% accuracy. Further, for the cylindrical fin, the present simulations agree with the available empirical correlation within 6.22% accuracy.
Influence of Coflow on Buoyant Plume Puffing
Authors: Bharadwaj Kuchimanchi K. , Das Debopam 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study investigates the influence of an annular coflowing air stream on the puffing behavior of a buoyant plume by employing the BiGlobal Linear Stability Analysis. An increase in the coflow is found to mitigate the puffing intensity and eventually stabilize the plumes. From the stability analysis, the critical coflow ratios, which represent the amount of coflow required to completely suppress the puffing, have been estimated for plumes spanning a wide range of nondimensional parameters. The analysis shows that the critical coflow ratio largely depends on the two buoyancy parameters, the Froude number, and the density ratio whereas it remains marginally affected by the plume Reynolds number. Plumes with higher buoyancy require larger coflow for suppressing puffing. From the instability analysis, we have obtained a correlation law for critical coflow ratios in buoyant plumes. Also, it is found that the plume puffing frequency increases with an increase in the coflow. We attempt to ascertain the reasons for instability mitigation and frequency increase in the puffing plumes because of coflow.
Tip Leakage Behavior and Large Coherent Perturbation Analysis of an Axial–Radial Combined Compressor With Outlet Distortion
Authors: Fu Li , Yang Ce , Hu Chenxing , Shi Xin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Increasing performance requirements and compact structure design promote the generation of axial–radial combined compressors. However, its complex structure and asymmetrical outlet boundary cause difficulty to get an in-depth comprehension of the flow unsteadiness associated with spike-stall. In this work, unsteady full-annular simulations of an axial–radial combined compressor coupled with performance experiment validations were carried out. Based on the overall understanding of outlet distortion on each component, the general feature of tip leakage flow with asymmetrical outlet boundary was extracted. The temporal and spatial development of large coherent perturbations was revealed by the decomposition and reconstruction of the transient flow data with the dynamic mode decomposition approach. The results demonstrate that the outlet distortion can propagate reversely to the compressor inlet and the degree of distortion decreases gradually, which leads to the highest possibility for radial rotor to suffer from flow unsteadiness. In the circumferential location with distortion affected, the leakage momentum of the adjacent blade leading edge is enhanced by the secondary leakage, inducing the expansion of tip leakage vortex and causing flow instability. Besides organized perturbation structures related to mean flow and blade passing frequency, two large low-frequency stall perturbations approximately one-third and three-fourth rotor frequency was captured by the dynamic mode decomposition method, which is caused by volute potential effect and stator/rotor interference, respectively. The former occurs in the radial rotor and decays during its propagation, while the latter always exists owing to the multiple rotor/stator or stator/rotor interference in the axial–radial combined compressor.