bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socio-Inspired Multi-Cohort Intelligence and Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization for Hydraulic Fracturing Parameters Design in Tight Formations
Authors: Muther Temoor , Syed Fahad Iqbal , Dahaghi Amirmasoud Kalantari , Negahban Shahin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Hydraulic fracturing is one of the revolutionary technologies widely applied to develop tight hydrocarbon reservoirs. Moreover, hydraulic fracture design optimization is an essential step to optimize production from tight reservoirs. This study presents the implementation of three new socio-inspired algorithms on hydraulic fracturing optimization. The work integrates reservoir simulation, artificial neural networks, and preceding optimization algorithms to attain the optimized fractures. For this study, a tight gas production dataset is initially generated numerically for a defined set of the fracture half-length, fracture height, fracture width, fracture conductivity, and the number of fractures’ values. Secondly, the generated dataset is trained through a neural network to predict the effects of preceding parameters on gas production. Lastly, three new socio-inspired algorithms including cohort intelligence (CI), multi-cohort intelligence (multi-CI), and teaching learning-based optimization (TLBO) are applied to the regressor output to obtain optimized gas production performance with the combination of optimum fracture design parameters. The results are then compared with the traditionally used optimizers including particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA). The results demonstrated that the multi-CI and TLBO converge at the global best position more often with a success rate of at least 95% as compared to CI, PSO, and GA. Moreover, the CI, PSO, and GA are found to stuck many times at the local maximum. This concludes that the multi-CI and TLBO are good alternatives to PSO and GA considering their high performance in determining the optimum fracture design parameters in comparison.
Applying Different Artificial Intelligence Techniques in Dynamic Poisson’s Ratio Prediction Using Drilling Parameters
Authors: Siddig Osama , Gamal Hany , Elkatatny Salaheldin , Abdulraheem Abdulazeez 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Rock geomechanical properties impact wellbore stability, drilling performance, estimation of in situ stresses, and design of hydraulic fracturing. One of these properties is Poisson’s ratio which is measured from lab testing or derived from well logs, the former is costly, time-consuming, and does not provide continuous information, and the latter may not be always available. An alternative prediction technique from drilling parameters in real time is proposed in this paper. The novel contribution of this approach is that the drilling data is always available and obtained from the first encounter with the well. These parameters are easily obtainable from drilling rig sensors such as rate of penetration (ROP), weight on bit (WOB), and torque. Three machine-learning methods were utilized: support vector machine (SVM), functional network (FN), and random forest (RF). Dataset (2905 data points) from one well were used to build the models, while a dataset from another well with 2912 data points was used to validate the constructed models. Both wells have diverse lithology consists of carbonate, shale, and sandstone. To ensure optimal accuracy, sensitivity and optimization tests on various parameters in each algorithm were performed. The three machine-learning tools provided good estimations; however, SVM and RF yielded close results, with correlation coefficients of 0.99 and the average absolute percentage error (AAPE) values were mostly less than 1%. While in FN the outcomes were less efficient with correlation coefficients of 0.92 and AAPE around 3.8%. Accordingly, the presented approach provides an effective tool for Poisson's ratio prediction on a real-time basis at no additional expense. In addition, the same approach could be used in other rock mechanical properties.
Energy Demand Reduction in the Built Environment Using Shallow Geothermal Integrated Energy Systems—A Comprehensive Review: Part I. Design Consideration of Ground Heat Exchanger
Authors: Balaji K. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The research collection aims at finding the various possible opportunities for the effective integration of shallow geothermal energy (SGE) to decrease the energy demand in the built environment and to reduce emission associated with it. The integration of SGE with heat pump using pipe network is extensively reviewed. The open-loop and closed-loop (vertical, horizontal, energy piles) pipe networks are the most common type of ground heat exchanging methods. The objective of the review is to improve the heat exchanger effectiveness through various design aspects according to the local climatic conditions. This comprehensive review part I contains the research details pertaining to the last two decades about ground heat exchangers (geometrical aspects, borehole material, grout material, thermal response test, analytical and numerical models). Also, the factors influencing the ground heat exchanger’s performance such as heat transfer fluid (HTF), groundwater flow, and soil properties are discussed in detail. This paper highlights the recent research findings and potential research points in the ground heat exchanger.
A Collaborative Approach to Manuscript Revisions and Responses to Reviewer Comments
Authors: Richards K. Andrew R. , Hemphill Michael A. , Flory Sara B. 
Published: August 2021

While there are benefits to collaborative research, navigating group dynamics can also bring challenges, particularly for doctoral students and early career academics who are new to the research process. These dynamics extend beyond initial manuscript submission and include processes associated with interpreting reviewer comments, deciding upon and making revisions, and developing clear author response documents through the revision process. Herein, the authors overview one systematic and replicable approach to managing revisions. Steps include (a) read, set aside, and return to the reviewer comments; (b) document initial reactions to comments; (c) collectively review the comments and decide upon direction; (d) coordinate revisions to the manuscript; (e) craft final response statements; and (f) prepare a resubmission cover letter to the editor. Recommendations will be provided for approaching the revision, including how to revise the manuscript to highlight edits, and suggestions for tone and approach, particularly when disagreeing with a reviewer.
Gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 pneumonia: a prospective study
Authors: Inciarte Alexy , Cardozo Celia , Chumbita Mariana , Alcubilla Pau , Torres Berta , González Cordón Ana , Rico Veronica , Aguero Daiana , García-Pouton Nicole , Hernández-Meneses Marta , Albiach Laia , Meira Fernanda , De la Mora Lorena , Linares laura , Puerta-Alcalde Pedro , Macaya Irene , Mensa Josep , Laguno Montse , Ambrosioni Juan , Ramos Angela , Morata Laura , Bodro Marta , Moreno-García Estela , Moreno Antonio , Sola Montse , Rojas Jhon , Leal Lorna , Torres Manuel , Garcia-Vidal Carolina , Martínez Jose Antonio , Alobid Isam , Soriano Alex , Garcia Felipe 
Published: August 2021

ImportanceIdentifying undetected clinical signs is imperative in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2.ObjectiveTo establish the prevalence of clinical gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Clinical outcomes and recovery rates associated with gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions were also assessed.DesignA prospective study was performed in 80 patients admitted to Hospital Clínic of Barcelona (Spain) for COVID-19 pneumonia. Patients were re-evaluated in the ward daily until discharge. Gustatory and olfactory dysfunction symptoms were retrospectively collected from emergency room (ER) charts after first assessments. Follow-up was performed in telemedicine consultation.SettingThe single-centre study was performed in a hospitalisation ward at a university hospital.ParticipantsConsecutive patients meeting hospitalisation criteria for COVID-19 pneumonia were eligible. Study exclusion criteria were patients who could not speak, had previous gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions or whose PCR tests for SARS-CoV-19 were negative.InterventionsSystematic assessment of gustatory and olfactory symptoms with standardised questions.Outcome(s)Prevalence of gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.ResultsOf the 80 study subjects, 62.5% were male and the median age was 57 years. Half of the cohort (n=40) presented with comorbidities. The prevalence of chemosensitive disorder was 73.8% (n=59) (95% CI: 63.8 to 83.8), although self-reported symptoms were recorded in only 26.3% (n=21) of patients in the ER. Gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions were observed in 58.8% (n=47) and 55% (n=44) of cases, respectively. They were also the first symptoms in 25% (n=20) of patients. Anosmia was associated with ageusia, OR: 7, 95% CI: 2.3 to 21.8, p=0.001). No differences in clinical outcomes were observed when patients with and without gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions were compared. Recovery rates were 20% (n=10) and 85% (n=42) at days 7 and 45, respectively.ConclusionThe prevalence of gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions in COVID-19 pneumonia was much higher than in self-report. Presence of gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions was not a predictor of clinical outcomes.
Prediction models for hospital readmissions in patients with heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Van Grootven Bastiaan , Jepma Patricia , Rijpkema Corinne , Verweij Lotte , Leeflang Mariska , Daams Joost , Deschodt Mieke , Milisen Koen , Flamaing Johan , Buurman Bianca 
Published: August 2021

ObjectiveTo describe the discrimination and calibration of clinical prediction models, identify characteristics that contribute to better predictions and investigate predictors that are associated with unplanned hospital readmissions.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourceMedline, EMBASE, ICTPR (for study protocols) and Web of Science (for conference proceedings) were searched up to 25 August 2020.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesStudies were eligible if they reported on (1) hospitalised adult patients with acute heart disease; (2) a clinical presentation of prediction models with c-statistic; (3) unplanned hospital readmission within 6 months.Primary and secondary outcome measuresModel discrimination for unplanned hospital readmission within 6 months measured using concordance (c) statistics and model calibration. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were performed to investigate predefined sources of heterogeneity. Outcome measures from models reported in multiple independent cohorts and similarly defined risk predictors were pooled.ResultsSixty studies describing 81 models were included: 43 models were newly developed, and 38 were externally validated. Included populations were mainly patients with heart failure (HF) (n=29). The average age ranged between 56.5 and 84 years. The incidence of readmission ranged from 3% to 43%. Risk of bias (RoB) was high in almost all studies. The c-statistic was <0.7 in 72 models, between 0.7 and 0.8 in 16 models and >0.8 in 5 models. The study population, data source and number of predictors were significant moderators for the discrimination. Calibration was reported for 27 models. Only the GRACE (Global Registration of Acute Coronary Events) score had adequate discrimination in independent cohorts (0.78, 95% CI 0.63 to 0.86). Eighteen predictors were pooled.ConclusionSome promising models require updating and validation before use in clinical practice. The lack of independent validation studies, high RoB and low consistency in measured predictors limit their applicability.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020159839.
Non-lesional treatment options for tremor in idiopathic Parkinson syndrome: a protocol for a systematic literature review
Authors: Pedrosa Carrasco Anna Julia , Mügge Felicitas , Pedrosa David José 
Published: August 2021

IntroductionIdiopathic Parkinson syndrome (iPS) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders characterised by the triad of bradykinesia, rigidity and tremor. Tremor at rest predominantly at one side is often perceived by patients as severely disabling and yet ranges among the most difficult symptoms to treat. In medically refractory cases, lesional approaches have proven to be effective alternatives. However, to date, there is no comprehensive analysis of non-surgical therapies to manage iPS-patients’ tremor. We therefore present a detailed study protocol for a systematic literature review assessing efficacy/effectiveness and safety of non-lesional treatments for tremor in iPS.Methods and analysisWe will search three electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO) using a combination of title/abstract keywords. Additionally, hand-searched reference and citation lists of key reviews identified through the search strategy will be screened. Eligible studies should investigate the efficacy/effectiveness and safety of therapeutic options for tremor in iPS excluding lesional interventions. Publications will be independently assessed for inclusion criteria by two investigators and study information summarised using a standardised template including quality assessment according to the QualSyst tool. We will provide a narrative synthesis of results and conduct a meta-analysis whenever possible.Ethics and disseminationWe commit to present contemporary evidence on the efficacy/effectiveness and safety of non-lesional interventions for tremor in iPS in a future publication. We aim to compile rich data of published studies to inform healthcare professionals in order to ultimately improve patient outcomes.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020202911).
Understanding the diagnoses and medical care experience of patients with new daily persistent headache: a qualitative study in Spain
Authors: Palacios-Ceña Domingo , Talavera Blanca , Gómez-Mayordomo Víctor , Garcia-Azorin David , Gallego-Gallego María , Cuadrado María Luz , Guerrero-Peral Ángel Luis 
Published: August 2021

ObjectiveTo explore the experiences of patients suffering from new daily persistent headache (NDPH) regarding the diagnostic process, treatment and medical care.DesignA qualitative phenomenological study was conducted.SettingA specialised headache unit at two university hospitals in Spain between February 2017 and December 2018.ParticipantsPatients diagnosed with NDPH according to the International Classification of Headache disorders (third beta edition).MethodsPurposeful sampling was performed. Data were collected using unstructured and semistructured interviews, researchers’ field notes and patients’ drawings. An inductive thematic analysis was used to identify significant emerging themes from interviews, field notes and descriptions of patients’ drawings. Also, Guillemin’s proposal was used to analyse the contents of drawings.ResultsNineteen patients with a mean age of 45.3 were recruited. Four main themes emerged: (1) Seeking a diagnosis, patients visit many doctors without receiving a clear answer and their diagnosis is delayed; (2) Self-medication—minimising pill intake, medication is ineffective, and therefore, some patients discontinue treatment, or are flexible with how they take medication; (3) Trying other non-pharmacological options, many patients turn to other therapies and complementary and/or alternative therapies as a second option, however these are ineffective and (4) Medical care, with two subthemes, referrals and lacking continuity of care, and building the doctor–patient relationship. Patients describe how the referral breaks the continuity of care, and how they identify the traits of a doctor who is approachable and which behaviours the doctor should avoid when caring for patients.ConclusionsAn in-depth knowledge of the beliefs and expectations of patients with NDPH will allow the professional to establish a relationship of trust, which will improve the patients’ knowledge of which therapies are the most appropriate, and to establish expectations based on the relationship with the doctor, and not only on patients’ beliefs.
Perceptions of a short animated film on adverse childhood experiences: a mixed methods evaluation
Authors: Ford Kat , Bellis Mark A , Isherwood Kate R , Hughes Karen E 
Published: August 2021

ObjectivesAn evaluation of a short animated film on adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) to explore attitudes and sentiment towards the film including, for a subsample of professionals, associations between attitudes and personal experience of ACEs.DesignMixed-method exploratory design.SettingProfessionals and the general public.ParticipantsA short online survey with 239 professionals. Interaction and user sentiment towards with the film on social media (Twitter, YouTube).Primary and secondary outcome measuresSurvey: participants’ attitudes towards the film including feelings invoked, learning gained and ACE count prevalence. Twitter user and YouTube viewer sentiment (positive, negative or neutral) and interaction (likes, retweets or comments) with the film.ResultsAttitudes to the film were positive: 94.1% and 93.7%, respectively, agreed that it provided a helpful explanation of ACEs and trusted that the film was credible. Of those who reported ACE exposure, 88.9% agreed that those with ACEs would benefit from watching the film. Despite 50.6% reporting that the film had made them feel sad or upset, the majority (66.4%) reported they found the film hopeful or encouraging. Across 358 publicly available tweets from 313 users, 39.1% of tweets expressed positive sentiment, with only 1.4% negative (59.5% neutral). However, there was no association between tweet sentiment and interaction. Thirteen YouTube versions of the film received 171 812 views, 97.3% (n=889/914) ratings were positive (ie, ‘thumbs up’).ConclusionsDespite being emotionally arousing, many professionals reflected positive impacts of the film including a perceived increased ability to discuss ACEs. Public sentiment demonstrated a positive reaction to and acceptability of the film. Understanding the professional and public response to materials developed to increase ACE awareness, such as the film explored here, is important given the growing number of international movements which seek to increase ACE awareness, prevent ACEs and mitigate their lifelong negative effects.
Serological surveys to estimate cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in adults (Sero-MAss study), Massachusetts, July–August 2020: a mail-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Snyder Teah , Ravenhurst Johanna , Cramer Estee Y , Reich Nicholas G , Balzer Laura , Alfandari Dominique , Lover Andrew A 
Published: August 2021

ObjectivesTo estimate the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM among Massachusetts residents and to better understand asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 transmission during the summer of 2020.DesignMail-based cross-sectional survey.SettingMassachusetts, USA.ParticipantsPrimary sampling group: sample of undergraduate students at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst (n=548) and a member of their household (n=231).Secondary sampling group: sample of graduate students, faculty, librarians and staff (n=214) and one member of their household (n=78). All participants were residents of Massachusetts without prior COVID-19 diagnosis.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrevalence of SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity. Association of seroprevalence with variables including age, gender, race, geographic region, occupation and symptoms.ResultsApproximately 27 000 persons were invited via email to assess eligibility. 1001 households were mailed dried blood spot sample kits, 762 returned blood samples for analysis. In the primary sample group, 36 individuals (4.6%) had IgG antibodies detected for an estimated weighted prevalence in this population of 5.3% (95% CI: 3.5 to 8.0). In the secondary sampling group, 10 participants (3.4%) had IgG antibodies detected for an estimated adjusted prevalence of 4.0% (95% CI: 2.2 to 7.4). No samples were IgM positive. No association was found in either group between seropositivity and self-reported work duties or customer-facing hours. In the primary sampling group, self-reported febrile illness since February 2020, male sex and minority race (Black or American Indian/Alaskan Native) were associated with seropositivity. No factors except geographic regions within the state were associated with evidence of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection in the secondary sampling group.ConclusionsThis study fills a critical gap in estimating the levels of subclinical and asymptomatic infection. Estimates can be used to calibrate models estimating levels of population immunity over time, and these data are critical for informing public health interventions and policy.
Research participation in palliative medicine—benefits and barriers for patients and families: rapid review and thematic synthesis
Authors: Chatland Laura Emma , Harvey Catherine , Kelly Kirsten , Paradine Sharon , Bhagat Meena , Hudson Briony F 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundResearch is essential for gathering evidence to inform best practice and clinical decision making, for developing and testing new treatments and services in palliative and end-of-life care (PEoLC). The participation of patients, carers and family members is essential, however, personal and ethical concerns are often cited by professionals as barriers to recruitment. There is evidence that patients and family members can benefit from participation in PEoLC research.AimTo synthesise the evidence regarding patients’, family members’ and carers’ experiences of participating in PEoLC research. To identify recommendations for enhancing the experience of participants.DesignA qualitative rapid review and thematic synthesis.Data sourcesMEDLINE, PsycINFO and PubMed were searched from 2010 to 2020. Studies reporting patients’, family members’ or carers’ experiences of participating in PEoLC research were included.Results4 studies were included and 7 themes identified relating to the benefits of, and barriers to, participation in PEoLC research. Both altruistic and personal benefits of participation were reported. Barriers (negative aspects) to participation included feeling overwhelmed, practical issues, reminders of being a patient, not seeing the research as relevant to them and unmet needs.ConclusionsA number of benefits (positive aspects) surround participation in PEoLC research. However, several barriers (negative aspects) can prevent or discourage participation. This review has identified recommendations for research teams to enhance the experience, and number of people who those participating in research in this field.