bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corrigendum: Numerical Analysis of Initially Imperfect Pretensioned Bolted Connections (2021 IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater Sci Eng. 1150 012020)
Authors: Abdallah Mostafa Nour Eldin M. , Salem Emad , Ibrahim Sherif M. , Dessouki Abdelrahim K. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Please see Article PDF for corrigendum text.
Crash behaviour of unidirectional oil palm empty fruit bunch fibre-reinforced polypropylene composite car bumper fascias using finite element analysis
Authors: Wong Kien Pang , Hassan Cik Suhana , Pei Qiang , Sapuan Salit Mohd , Abdul Aziz Nuraini , Mohamed Yusoff Mohd Zuhri 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The number of road accidents has increased annually over the last 20 years, and this is a matter of considerable concern. Automobile safety systems must therefore be carefully evaluated to ensure they are able to serve their purpose in protecting passengers. One of these safety systems is the car bumper system. The bumper system plays a vital role, especially in protection against frontal impact. In this study, using finite element analysis employing LS-DYNA software, we analyse the crash behaviour of bumper fascias made of unidirectional oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fibre-reinforced polypropylene (PP) composites. The incorporation of OPEFB fibres into the bumper part stems from the growth of environmental concerns and is in line with national sustainable development goals. In this analysis, the composite bumper was subjected to a frontal low impact speed of 4 km h−1 in accordance with Part 581 of the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard regulations enforced by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration for low-velocity impacts. Comparative study was made with existing bumper materials, namely steel, aluminium alloy and PP. The effect of fibre orientation and fibre content of the composite on the crash performance of the bumper was also investigated. The fibre orientation was varied between vertical, 45° and horizontal directions while fibre content varied between 25%, 35%, 45% and 55%. Our results show that the composite bumper fascia has comparable specific energy absorption to existing bumper materials. An increase in the fibre content of the composite results in an increase in the energy absorption ability, while fibre orientation made no significant difference to the impact performance.
Adhesion strategies for heterogeneous soft materials—A review
Authors: Yang Hui , He Tian , Yan Xixi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Adhesion is a long-term research topic of great importance attracting plenty of attention. In past few years, many remarkable advances have been made in the field of heterogeneous soft material adhesion, considerably boosting the functional diversity and viability of heterogeneous soft material assemblies. This review focuses on the status quo of this field with attention leaning towards recently active and outstanding bioinspiration and biomimetic areas. First, the fundamental mechanisms of adhesion, including chemical bonds, topological entanglement, and gradient connections, are introduced. Then influence factors on adhesion strength are derived from the adhesion mechanisms. The influence factors are classified into two categories: physical factors, including interface geometry (interface stress singularity for macroscopic and interface roughness for microscopic) and mismatch of material properties, and chemical factors, including chemical complementarities and ambient conditions. Abundant examples from recent representative research efforts are provided to demonstrate how these factors are tuned to enable or improve an adhesion. As a fabrication process dealing with multiple material interfaces, additive manufacturing (AM) is discussed separately emphasizing on its space and time discretization nature. After that, several adhesion enhancement strategies are presented, among them is one synergistically integrating covalent bonds, noncovalent complexes, polymer chains/networks, and nanoparticles. Finally, based on the current research status, it is proposed that general methodologies for adhesion strategy selection and simulation models capable of accurately predicting adhesion strength are greatly needed. Heterogeneous material adhesion is also expected to acquire insights and impetuses from fields like cell differentiation and tissue development.
America and the transatlantic Enlightenment
Authors: Ratner-Rosenhagen Jennifer 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
‘America and the transatlantic Enlightenment’ explores how America played an important role in the making of the Enlightenment. The New World offered a startling new picture of the natural world and all the living things in it. America catalyzed new ideas about science, natural history, and human nature, which both shaped and were shaped by Enlightenment thought. British Americans drew on classical republican thought and contemporary ideas about natural law and this coalesced into a revolutionary republicanism—the nexus of ideas that animated the Revolutionary War. Though many of the ideas to emerge out of eighteenth-century America promised a radical new world of freedom and human possibility, they were also blinkered by long-standing racial and gender prejudices.
Against universalism
Authors: Ratner-Rosenhagen Jennifer 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
‘Against universalism’ explores the myriad challenges to universalism—in philosophy, social and political theory, and the arts—during the late twentieth century. It opens with a new view of 1960s radicalism, showing how its various quests for liberation radiated out into all arenas of American thought. Thomas Kuhn’s The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1962) helped pave the way for the fire and fury of postmodernism, though many of the antiessentialist ideas of postmodernism were already present in early twentieth-century was rooting in dramatic transformations of thought. The 1980s and 1990s gave rise to identity politics and the culture wars, further challenging the notion of unified American ideals and identity.
Age-specific rates of hospital transfers in long-stay nursing home residents
Authors: Tu Wanzhu , Li Ruohong , Stump Timothy E , Fowler Nicole R , Carnahan Jennifer L , Blackburn Justin , Sachs Greg A , Hickman Susan E , Unroe Kathleen T 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Introduction
hospital transfers and admissions are critical events in the care of nursing home residents. We sought to determine hospital transfer rates at different ages.

Methods
a cohort of 1,187 long-stay nursing home residents who had participated in a Centers for Medicare and Medicaid demonstration project. We analysed the number of hospital transfers of the study participants recorded by the Minimum Data Set. Using a modern regression technique, we depicted the annual rate of hospital transfers as a smooth function of age.

Results
transfer rates declined with age in a nonlinear fashion. Rates were the highest among residents younger than 60 years of age (1.30-2.15 transfers per year), relatively stable between 60 and 80 (1.17-1.30 transfers per year) and lower in those older than 80 (0.77-1.17 transfers per year). Factors associated with increased risk of transfers included prior diagnoses of hip fracture (annual incidence rate ratio or IRR: 2.057, 95% confidence interval (CI): [1.240, 3.412]), dialysis (IRR: 1.717, 95% CI: [1.313, 2.246]), urinary tract infection (IRR: 1.755, 95% CI: [1.361, 2.264]), pneumonia (IRR: 1.501, 95% CI: [1.072, 2.104]), daily pain (IRR: 1.297, 95% CI: [1.055,1.594]), anaemia (IRR: 1.229, 95% CI [1.068, 1.414]) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (IRR: 1.168, 95% CI: [1.010,1.352]). Transfer rates were lower in residents who had orders reflecting preferences for comfort care (IRR: 0.79, 95% CI: [0.665, 0.936]).

Discussion
younger nursing home residents may require specialised interventions to reduce hospital transfers; declining transfer rates with the oldest age groups may reflect preferences for comfort-focused care.
Normalized coefficient of variation (nCV): a method to evaluate circadian clock robustness in population scale data
Authors: Wu Gang , Francey Lauren J , Ruben Marc D , Hogenesch John B 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Summary
Robust oscillation of clock genes is a core feature of the circadian system. Relative amplitude (rAMP) measures the robustness of clock gene oscillations but only works for longitudinal samples. We lack a method for estimating robust oscillations from human samples without labeled time. We show that the normalized coefficient of variation (nCV) of 10 clock genes is linearly correlated with their normalized rAMP, independent of time labels. We found that the mean nCV of clock genes are consistently decreased in tumors compared to nontumors, suggesting a new therapeutic target in cancer treatment by enhancing clock robustness. nCV can provide a simple measure of the clock robustness in population-level datasets.

Availability and implementation
The nCV package (https://github.com/gangwug/nCV) and web application (https://github.com/gangwug/nCVapp) are available on the GitHub repository.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Prediction of risk of osteoporosis after gastrectomy for gastric cancer
Authors: Park Ki Bum , Jeon Chul Hyo , Lee Han Hong , Chin Hyungmin , Song Kyo Young 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Introduction
There are few guidelines for screening of osteoporosis in patients who have undergone gastrectomy. This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram to predict the risk of osteoporosis after gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer.

Methods
Bone densitometry results for 522 patients with gastric cancer and 2088 individuals from a health-promotion centre were compared using propensity score matching to develop a nomogram to predict osteoporosis after gastrectomy. External validation was performed using an independent data set.

Results
In the 10 years after gastrectomy 53.5 per cent of patients developed osteoporosis. In multivariable analysis, the odds ratios of subtotal gastrectomy and total gastrectomy were 5.46 and 8.69 (P &lt; 0.001 for both). Seven risk factors (type of gastrectomy, age, sex, BMI, and serum levels of albumin, creatinine and phosphorus) were incorporated into the nomogram. The prediction accuracy of the nomogram in the development set was 0.830 (area under the curve (AUC)); (95 per cent c.i. 0.812 to 0.848). In the validation set, the AUC was 0.807 (95 per cent c.i. 0.741 to 0.873).

Conclusion
Gastrectomy was a risk factor for osteoporosis, and its incidence in the first 10 years after surgery was high. This nomogram can help clinicians to identify patients with gastric cancer most at risk of developing osteoporosis after surgery.
Ultrasound-guided abdominal wall infiltration versus freehand technique in anterior cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome (ACNES): randomized clinical trial
Authors: Jacobs Monica L Y E , van den Dungen-Roelofsen Rosanne , Heemskerk Jeroen , Scheltinga Marc R M , Roumen Rudi M H 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
The optimal technique of abdominal wall infiltration for chronic abdominal wall pain due to anterior cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome (ACNES) is unknown. The aim of this study was to compare pain reduction after an abdominal wall anaesthetic injection by use of an ultrasound-guided technique (US) or given freehand (FH).

Methods
In this multicentre non-blinded randomized trial, adult patients with ACNES were randomized (1:1) to an US or a FH injection technique. Primary outcome was the proportion of injections achieving a minimum of 50 per cent pain reduction on the Numeric Rating Scale (range 0–10) 15–20 min after abdominal wall infiltration (‘successful response’). Secondary outcomes were treatment efficacy after 6 weeks and 3 months, and the influence of the subcutaneous tissue thickness on treatment outcome.

Results
Between January 2018 and April 2020, 391 injections (US = 192, FH = 199) were administered in 117 randomized patients (US = 55, FH = 62; 76.0 per cent female, mean age 45 years). The proportion of successful responses did not significantly differ immediately after the injection regimen (US 27.1 per cent versus FH 33.2 per cent; P = 0.19) or after 3 months (US 29.4 per cent versus FH 30.5 per cent; P = 0.90). Success was not determined by subcutaneous tissue thickness.

Conclusion
Pain relief following abdominal wall infiltration by a US or FH technique in ACNES is similar and not influenced by subcutaneous tissue thickness.

Registration number
Dutch Clinical Trial Register NL8465.
Assessment and Monitoring of Salinity of Soils After Tsunami in Nagapattinam Area Using Fuzzy Logic-Based Classification
Authors: Jiji W , Merlin G , Rajesh A 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe research attempts to know the salinity level and how much agricultural land was affected by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in the study area. Nagapattinam province of Tamilnadu, which was strongly hit by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, is selected as the demonstration site. IKONOS and QuickBird image for the periods 2003 (pre-tsunami, IKONOS), 2004 (immediate tsunami, IKONOS) and 2006 (post-tsunami, QuickBird) have been used in this study. The purpose of this research is to detect the effects of the tsunami in the study area. Multispectral images were obtained in order to detect the salt-affected soils and compare the data with images after the tsunami. The near-infrared reflectance spectra contain significant information related to soil components. The development of remote sensing techniques can support the monitoring and efficient mapping of salinity level in soil for environmental assessment. In this research, we have implemented the techniques in four levels: image preprocessing, extracting land region, feature extraction and image classification. Image preprocessing is the first step in the image processing chain and is usually necessary prior to image classification and analysis. In the second level, land regions are extracted from the study area using the Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Indices. In the feature extraction level, we have extracted 15 salinity features from the image data and performed the feature selection method to select the best five features of soil. In the classification stage, the salt-affected land region is classified into three classes (C1, highly saline; C2, saline; and C3, non-saline) using the fuzzy logic method. In the immediate tsunami and after-tsunami data, 95.15- and 121.4-hectare area, respectively, were detected as a salt-affected area.
Smart Multimedia Compressor—Intelligent Algorithms for Text and Image Compression
Authors: Oswald C , Sivaselvan B 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA number of text compression algorithms have been proposed in the past decades, which have been very effective and usually operate on conventional character/word-based approaches. A novel data compression perspective of data mining is explored in this research and the paper focuses on novel frequent sequence/pattern mining approach to text compression. This work attempts to make use of longer-range correlations between words in languages for achieving better text compression. We propose a novel and efficient method by making the compression of any word-level text in a universal manner for corpora across domains referred as Universal Huffman Tree-based encoding. The major contribution of this work is in terms of avoidance of code table communication to the decoder. Simulation results over benchmark datasets indicate that Universal Huffman encoding employing frequent sequence mining (achieves [20%, 89%] improvement in compression in reduced time. The paper also contributes a usable interface for Data compression that employs the proposed frequent sequent mining-based data compression algorithm. The interface supports features such as feedback, consistency, usability, navigation, visual appeal, performance and accessibility on par with existing compression softwares. The work results in an intelligent data compression software employing knowledge engineering perspective.
HeartMate 3: new challenges in ventricular tachycardia ablation
Authors: Nof Eyal , Peichl Petr , Stojadinovic Predrag , Arceluz Martin , Maury Philippe , Katz Moshe , Tedrow Usha B , Singh Robin M , Narui Ryohsuke , John Roy M , Stevenson William G , Beinart Roy , Grupper Avishay , Sternik Leonid , Lavee Jacob , Sacher Frédéric , Kautzner Josef , Sabbag Avi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimTo describe clinical characteristics, procedural details, specific challenges, and outcomes in patients with HeartMate3™ (HM3), a left ventricular assist device system with a magnetically levitated pump, undergoing ventricular tachycardia ablation (VTA).Methods and resultsData were collected from patients with an HM3 system who underwent VTA in seven tertiary centres. Data included baseline patient characteristics, procedural data, mortality, and arrhythmia-free survival. The study cohort included 19 patients with cardiomyopathy presenting with ventricular tachycardia (VT) (53% with VT storm). Ventricular tachycardias were induced in 89% of patients and a total of 41 VTs were observed. Severe electromagnetic interference was present on the surface electrocardiogram. Hence, VT localization required analysis of intra-cardiac signals or the use of filter in the 40–20 Hz range. The large house pump HM3 design obscured the cannula inflow and therefore multi imaging modalities were necessary to avoid catheter entrapment in the cannula. A total of 32 VTs were mapped and were successfully ablated (31% to the anterior wall, 38% to the septum and only 9% to the inflow cannula region). Non-inducibility of any VT was reached in 11 patients (58%). Over a follow-up of 429 (interquartile range 101–692) days, 5 (26%) patients underwent a redo VT ablation due to recurrent VTA and 2 (11%) patients died.ConclusionsVentricular tachycardia ablation in patients with HM3 is feasible and safe when done in the appropriate setup. Long-term arrhythmia-free survival is acceptable but not well predicted by non-inducibility at the end of the procedure.
Do non-communicable diseases influence sustainable development in Sub-Saharan Africa? A panel autoregressive distributive lag model approach
Authors: Kabajulizi Judith , Awuku Darko Francis 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Sub-Saharan Africa has been on the surge during the last two decades. This study examines the relationship between NCDs, measured by disability-adjusted life years, and sustainable development in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. We adopt a panel autoregressive distributed lag model to evaluate the association between NCDs and sustainability of development, alternately measured by adjusted net savings and gross domestic savings, in 24 SSA countries, from 1990 to 2017. The results show that NCDs adversely affect sustainable development in the long run. The findings demonstrate an urgent need to mitigate the rapidly rising burden of NCDs. We argue that reducing the current trend of NCDs in the sub-region is necessary for countries to be on a sustainable development trajectory.
Modelling chemical releases from fish farms: impact zones, dissolution time, and exposure probability
Authors: Sævik Pål Næverlid , Agnalt Ann-Lisbeth , Samuelsen Ole Bent , Myksvoll Mari 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Tarpaulin bath treatments are used in open net-pen finfish aquaculture to combat parasitic infections, in particular sea lice. After treatment, the toxic wastewater is released directly into the ocean, potentially harming non-target species in the vicinity. We model the dispersion of wastewater chemicals using a high-resolution numerical ocean model. The results are used to estimate the impact area, impact range, dissolution time, and exposure probability for chemicals of arbitrary toxicity. The study area is a fish-farming intensive region on the Norwegian western coast. Simulations are performed at 61 different release dates, each on 16 locations. In our base case where the chemical is toxic at 1% of the treatment concentration, the release of a 16000 m³ wastewater plume traverses a median distance of 1.9 km before being completely dissolved. The median impacted area is 0.9 km² and the median dissolution time is 6.8 hours. These figures increase to 5.9 km, 7.0 km², and 21 hours, respectively, if the chemical is toxic at 0.1 % of the treatment concentration. Locations within fjords have slower dissolution rates and larger impact zones compared to exposed locations off the coast, especially during summer.
Transient Liver Damage and Hemolysis Are Associated With an Inhibition of Ebola Virus Glycoprotein-Specific Antibody Response and Lymphopenia
Authors: Fausther-Bovendo Hugues , Qiu Xiangguo , Babuadze George Giorgi , Azizi Hiva , Pedersen Jannie , Wong Gary , Kobinger Gary P 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated the importance of the adaptive immunity for survival following Ebola virus (EBOV) infection. To evaluate the contribution of tissue damage to EBOV-induced immune suppression, acute liver damage or hemolysis, 2 symptoms associated with lethal EBOV infection, were chemically induced in vaccinated mice. Results show that either liver damage or hemolysis was sufficient to inhibit the host humoral response against EBOV glycoprotein and to drastically reduce the level of circulating T cells. This study thus provides a possible mechanism for the limited specific antibody production and lymphopenia in individuals with lethal hemorrhagic fever infections.
Weather shocks and migration intentions in Western Africa: insights from a multilevel analysis
Authors: Bertoli Simone , Docquier Frédéric , Rapoport Hillel , Ruyssen Ilse 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We use a multilevel approach to investigate whether a general and robust relationship between weather shocks and (internal and international) migration intentions can be uncovered in Western African countries. We combine individual survey data with measures of localized weather shocks for 13 countries over the 2008–2016 period. A meta-analysis on results from about 51,000 regressions is conducted to identify the specification of weather anomalies that maximizes the goodness of fit of our empirical model. We then use this best specification to document heterogeneous mobility responses to weather shocks. We find that variability in Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index/rainfall is associated with changing intentions to move locally or internationally in a few countries only. However, the significance, sign and magnitude of the effect are far from being robust and consistent across countries. These differences might be due to imperfections in the data or to differences in long-term climate conditions and adaptation capabilities. They may also suggest that credit constraints are internalized differently in different settings, or that moving internally is not a relevant option as weather conditions are spatially correlated while moving abroad is an option of last resort. Although our multilevel approach allows us to connect migration intentions with the timing and spatial dimension of weather shocks, identifying a common specification that governs weather-driven mobility decisions is a very difficult, if not impossible, task, even for countries belonging to the same region. Our findings also call for extreme caution before generalizing results from specific case studies.