bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology, comorbidities, and healthcare utilization of patients with chronic urticaria in Germany
Authors: Weller K. , Maurer M. , Bauer A. , Wedi B. , Wagner N. , Schliemann S. , Kramps T. , Baeumer D. , Multmeier J. , Hillmann E. , Staubach P. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundComprehensive data on the epidemiology and comorbidities of chronic urticaria (CU) in Germany are either limited, or not contemporary.ObjectivesTo investigate the epidemiology of CU, overall comorbidities and healthcare resource utilized by patients with CU in Germany, using an anonymized statutory health insurance (SHI) database.MethodsAnonymized SHI claims research database of the Institute for Applied Health Research, Berlin [InGef] (01 January 2015–30 September 2018) was used to analyse insured individuals with a confirmed diagnosis of CU (ICD‐10‐GM codes). Twelve‐month diagnosed prevalence and incidence, comorbidities (vs. atopic dermatitis and psoriasis), and healthcare utilization by patients with CU were investigated.ResultsOf 4 693 772 individuals of all ages listed in the database, 3 538 540 were observable during 2017. Overall, 17 524 patients (˜0.5%) were diagnosed with CU; chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU: 71.2%), chronic inducible urticaria (CIndU: 19.7%), CSU+CIndU (9.1%). Females, vs. males, had higher diagnosed prevalence (0.62% vs. 0.37%) and diagnosed incidence (0.18% vs. 0.11%) of CU among all patients. Patients most frequently visited general practitioners (41.3% of total visits). Hypertensive diseases (43.5%), lipoprotein metabolism disorders (32.1%) and affective disorders (26.0%) were the most frequently reported comorbidities of special interest. Rates of most comorbidities of special interests were similar to atopic dermatitis and psoriasis patients, and all higher vs. overall population. More than half (54.1%) of all CU patients were not prescribed any treatment. Second‐generation H1‐antihistamines were the most commonly prescribed medication for adult (17.9%) and paediatric (27.9%) patients. Patients with CIndU (paediatric, 15.5%; adult, 7.8%) were more often hospitalized versus patients with CSU (paediatric, 9.9%; adult, 4.6%).ConclusionsIn Germany, prevalence of CU along with multiple comorbidities may pose increased burden on the healthcare system. Awareness of adhering to treatment guidelines, and aiming for complete control of urticaria, needs to be driven and may improve outcomes.
An interdisciplinary approach to orthodontic treatment of a mutilated Class III malocclusion with mini‐implants, dental implants, and an autotransplant
Authors: Liaw Johnny Joung‐Lin , Park Jae Hyun , Chang Chia‐Chuan , Wang Shin‐Huei , Tsai Betty Meng‐Yun 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis case report demonstrates the interdisciplinary treatment of a 24‐year‐old female. Her skeletal discrepancy, anterior crossbite, mutilated dentition, and midline deviation made it challenging to achieve satisfactory treatment results, especially without major orthognathic surgery. This article thoroughly discusses the decision‐making process associated with various treatment alternatives, the biomechanical considerations with temporary skeletal anchorage devices, and the detailed operational process of dental implant restoration and autotransplantation.Clinical SignificanceOrthodontic treatment aims to obtain better facial and dental esthetics, achieve functional occlusion, and improve oral health. Treatment of patients with a mutilated dentition requires interdisciplinary teamwork from a group of professionals with various types of expertise. Orthodontists should be the navigator that generates the tooth movement and space redistribution, thus facilitating the subsequent functional rehabilitation under a well‐organized occlusal architecture. Autotransplantation offers an economical and biologically‐friendly opportunity to replace a missing tooth.
Is the use of a potassium nitrate dentifrice effective in reducing tooth sensitivity related to in‐office bleaching? A randomized triple‐blind clinical trial
Authors: Ortega‐Moncayo María Gracia , Aliaga‐Sancho Paulina , Pulido Camilo , Gutierrez Mario Felipe , Rodriguez‐Salazar Estuardo , Burey Adrieli , León Katherine , Román‐Oñate Yolanda , Galvao Arrais Cesar Augusto , Loguercio Alessandro D. , Dávila‐Sánchez Andrés 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe aims of this study were to evaluate whether the use of a dentifrice containing 5% potassium nitrate (KNO3) prior to and during in‐office dental bleaching reduces bleaching‐induced tooth sensitivity and affects bleaching efficiency.Materials and methodsThirty‐eight individuals were randomly distributed into two groups (n = 19). The experimental group performed toothbrushing using a dentifrice containing 5% KNO3, one week before treatment and before the first and second bleaching sessions. In the control group, a placebo dentifrice without KNO3 was applied as described for the first group. Tooth sensitivity was recorded on visual analog scales (VAS) and numeric rating scales (NRS) immediately and up to 48 h after bleaching sessions. Color change at different time intervals, was evaluated with shade guide units (∆SGU) and a digital spectrophotometer (∆E CIELab 1976 and CIEDE2000) at baseline and 7, 15, and 30 days post‐bleaching. Mann–Whitney test and t‐test were used to evaluate TS intensity for NRS and VAS scales, respectively, and T‐test was used for color difference evaluation.ResultsNo significant difference in tooth sensitivity's absolute risk and intensity were observed between tested groups in any evaluated treatment time for NRS (p = 0.91) or VAS scales (p = 0.48). T‐test showed no significant difference in both ∆E and ∆SGU tooth color among the experimental and control groups during the different evaluation times (p = 0.27).ConclusionThe use of a dentifrice containing 5% KNO3 does not prevent post‐operatory tooth sensitivity but allows the same whitening efficiency as a regular dentifrice.Clinical significanceThe use of a dentifrice‐containing KNO3 did not prevent bleaching‐induced tooth sensitivity when high‐concentrated hydrogen peroxide was used for in‐office bleaching.
Changes in 25‐hydroxyvitamin D levels post‐vitamin D supplementation in people of Black and Asian ethnicities and its implications during COVID‐19 pandemic: A systematic review
Authors: Vaughan Megan , Trott Mike , Sapkota Raju , Premi Gurmel , Roberts Justin , Ubhi Jaspal , Smith Lee , Pardhan Shahina 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundPeople of Black and Asian ethnicities have a higher infection rate and mortality as a result of COVID‐19. It has also been reported that vitamin D deficiency may play a role in this, possibly because of the multi‐gene regulatory function of the vitamin D receptor. As a result, increased dietary intake and/or supplementation to attain adequate 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels could benefit people in these ethnicities. The present study aimed to review the literature examining the changes in 25(OH)D in different types of vitamin D supplementation from randomised controlled trials in this population.MethodsThis systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA guidelines. Electronic databases were systematically searched using keywords related to vitamin D supplementation in Black and Asian ethnicities.ResultsEight studies were included in the review. All the included studies found that supplementation of vitamin D (D2 and D3), regardless of dosage, increased 25(OH)D levels compared to a placebo. All trials in which participants were vitamin D deficient at baseline showed increased 25(OH)D levels to a level considered adequate. Two studies that used food fortification yielded smaller 25(OH)D increases compared to similar studies that used oral supplementation (10.2 vs. 25.5 nmol L−1, respectively). Furthermore, vitamin D2 supplementation yielded significantly lower 25(OH)D increases than vitamin D3 supplementation.ConclusionsOral vitamin D supplementation may be more efficacious in increasing 25(OH)D levels than food fortification of Black and Asian ethnicities, with vitamin D3 supplementation possibly being more efficacious than vitamin D2. It is recommended that people with darker skin supplement their diet with vitamin D3 through oral tablet modes where possible, with recent literature suggesting a daily intake of 7000–10,000 IU to be potentially protective from unfavourable COVID‐19 outcomes. As a result of the paucity of studies, these findings should be treated as exploratory.
Fast, high‐precision autofocus on a motorised microscope: Automating blood sample imaging on the OpenFlexure Microscope
Authors: Knapper Joe , Collins Joel T. , Stirling Julian , McDermott Samuel , Wadsworth William , Bowman Richard W. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe OpenFlexure Microscope is a 3D‐printed, low‐cost microscope capable of automated image acquisition through the use of a motorised translation stage and a Raspberry Pi imaging system. This automation has applications in research and healthcare, including in supporting the diagnosis of malaria in low‐resource settings. The plasmodium parasites that cause malaria require high magnification imaging, which has a shallow depth of field, necessitating the development of an accurate and precise autofocus procedure. We present methods of identifying the focal plane of the microscope, and procedures for reliably acquiring a stack of focused images on a system affected by backlash and drift. We also present and assess a method to verify the success of autofocus during the scan. The speed, reliability and precision of each method are evaluated, and the limitations discussed in terms of the end users' requirements.
Parentally deprived juvenile Owl monkeys suffer from long‐term high infection rates but not from altered hair cortisol concentrations nor from stereotypic behaviours
Authors: Osman Mahdiyah , Olkun Aylin , Maldonado Angela M. , Lopez‐Tremoleda Jordi , Sanchez‐Perea Nofre , Paredes Ursula M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn captive colonies, owl monkeys’ mothers sometimes reject their newborns. To prevent, mortality infants are manually raised by veterinarians. Both parental separation and rejection are stressful experiences, associated with elevated stress, physical, and behavioural disorders. The effect of parental deprivation in IVITA’s owl monkeys stress profiles and health is unknown.MethodsWe compared stress biomarkers such as hair cortisol (using cortisol ELISA), stereotypic behaviours (with infrared cameras), and infection histories in juveniles separated from parents soon after birth (n = 14, ~17 months) and controls (n = 11, ~17 months).ResultsParentally deprived owl monkeys show higher infection rates than controls (p = .001). However, they display no higher incidence of biomarkers of stress: Neither stereotypic behaviour nor cortisol in hair was different between cohorts. Irrespective of deprivation status, rates of infection, and concentration of cortisol in hair were positively associated (R2 = .29, p = .005).ConclusionEarly parental deprivation and natural high levels of cortisol secretion are associated with elevated infection levels in the IVITA owl monkey juveniles detectable up to 17 months post separation.
Changes of stem cell niche during experimental pituitary tumor development
Authors: Guido Carolina Beatriz , Sosa Liliana del Valle , Perez Pablo Aníbal , Zlocoswki Natacha , Velazquez Fabiola Noelia , Gutierrez Silvina , Petiti Juan Pablo , Mukdsi Jorge Humberto , Torres Alicia Inés 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTo investigate the putative stem cell/tumor stem cell (SC/TSC) niche contribution to hyperplasic/adenomatous pituitary lesions, we analyzed variation in the pituitary stem cell population during the development of experimental pituitary tumors. Pituitary tumors were induced in female F344 rats with estradiol benzoate for 5, 10, 20 and 30 days. Cells positive for GFRa2, Sox2, Sox9, Nestin, CD133 and CD44 were identified in the marginal zone and in the adenoparenchyma in both control and 30D groups, with predominant adenoparenchyma localization of GRFa2 and SOX9 found in tumoral pituitaries. GFRa2, Nestin, CD133 and CD44 were upregulated at the initial stages of tumor growth, whereas Sox9 significantly decreased at 5D, with Sox2 remaining invariable during the hyperplasic/adenomatous development. In addition, isolated pituispheres from normal and tumoral pituitary glands enriched in SC/TSC were characterized. Pituispheres from the 30D glands were positive for the above‐mentioned markers and showed a significant increase in the proliferation. In conclusion, our data revealed pituitary SC pool fluctuations during hyperplastic/adenomatous development, with differential localization of the SC/TSC niche in this process. These findings may help to provide a better understanding of these cell populations, which is crucial for achieving advancements in the field of pituitary tumor biology.
The expression of neural cell adhesion molecule and the microenvironment of pituitary neuroendocrine tumours
Authors: Marques Pedro , Barry Sayka , Carlsen Eivind , Collier David , Ronaldson Amy , Grieve Joan , Dorward Neil , Mendoza Nigel , Nair Ramesh , Muquit Samiul , Grossman Ashley B. , Korbonits Márta 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) has previously been studied in pituitary neuroendocrine tumours (PitNETs), but its role in tumour biology and aggressiveness remains controversial, and its relationship with the tumour microenvironment remains unknown. We aimed to characterise NCAM expression in PitNETs, to correlate this with clinico‐pathological features, and to assess the role of various microenvironment components on NCAM expression. NCAM and immune cells were investigated by immunohistochemistry in 16 human non‐functioning‐PitNETs (NF‐PitNETs) and eight somatotrophinomas, including macrophages (CD68, CD163, HLA‐DR), cytotoxic (CD8) and T helper (CD4) lymphocytes, regulatory T cells (FOXP3), B cells (CD20), and neutrophils (neutrophil elastase). Five normal pituitaries were included for comparison. The cytokine secretome from these PitNETs and from PitNET‐derived tumour‐associated fibroblasts (TAFs) were assessed on culture supernatants using a multiplex immunoassay panel. There were no significant NCAM expression differences between PitNETs and normal pituitary, and no difference between types of pituitary tumours (NF‐PitNETs vs. somatotrophinomas). There was no association between NCAM expression and different clinico‐pathological features, including cavernous sinus invasion and Ki‐67, nor with serum hormone levels. NCAM immunoreactivity correlated negatively with PitNET‐derived CXCL10 (rho = −0.417; p = .042) and CX3CL1 (rho = −0.423; p = .040) levels. NCAM immunoreactivity was negatively correlated with TAF‐derived fibroblast growth factor (FGF)‐2 (rho = −0.632; p = .009), but not with other TAF‐derived cytokines. Within the PitNET cohort, there were no correlations between NCAM immunoreactivity and immune infiltrates or ratios, although, within NF‐PitNETs, NCAM expression was higher in tumours with more FOXP3+ cells. NCAM expression does not differ between PitNETs and normal pituitary, and does not appear to relate to tumour invasiveness or proliferation. However, our data suggest a possible role for cytokines in the modulation of NCAM expression in PitNETs, particularly CXCL10, CX3CL1 and FGF‐2, but not for immune cell infiltrates.
Financial capability and wellbeing of vulnerable consumers
Authors: Xiao Jing Jian , Porto Nilton 
Published: October 2021

AbstractConsumer financial capability can be defined variously by different researchers. In this study, financial capability is assumed to have three components, financial knowledge, financial behavior, and financial skills. This study examines relative contributions of financial capability components to financial wellbeing among vulnerable consumers. With data from the National Financial Wellbeing Survey commissioned by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), results show that among financial capability components, financial behavior contributes the most to financial wellbeing of the whole sample, followed by financial skill and financial knowledge. In addition, group differences surface when subsamples in terms of age, poverty status, confidence, and fraud victim status are examined. Results suggest that for low‐income consumers, encouraging them to engage in desirable financial behaviors is more important than teaching them financial knowledge and skills. Findings have implications for financial educators, practitioners, and policymakers to help them recognize the proper financial education or program to be delivered based on consumer vulnerability and components of financial capability.
Spontaneous labor curve based on a retrospective multi‐center study in Japan
Authors: Shindo Ryosuke , Aoki Shigeru , Misumi Toshihiro , Nakanishi Sayuri , Umazume Takeshi , Nagamatsu Takeshi , Masuyama Hisashi , Itakura Atsuo , Ikeda Tomoaki ,   Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology Perinatal Committee
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimIn Japan, the criteria of the latent and active phases of the first stage of labor have not been decided. The Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology (JSOG) Perinatal Committee conducted a study to construct a spontaneous labor curve in order to determine the point of onset of the active phase.MethodsThe participants were women who had spontaneous deliveries at four health facilities in Japan between September 1, 2011, and September 31, 2019. Spontaneous delivery was defined as the spontaneous onset of labor at term (37 weeks, 0 days to 41 weeks, 6 days) with vaginal delivery of a mature fetus in a cephalic position without uterotonic agents or epidural analgesia. The time points for each “cm” of dilation were collected starting from the time of full dilation retrogradely. The relationship between time since labor onset and cervical dilation was expressed as a curve using a smoothing B‐spline.ResultsA total of 4215 primiparous and 5266 multiparous women were included in this study. The spontaneous labor curve showed that in both primiparous and multiparous women, labor progress was slow until 5 cm cervical dilation, accelerating between 5 and 6 cm dilation, and steadily progressed after 6 cm dilation.ConclusionWe propose that the active phase of the first stage of labor be defined as starting at 5 cm dilation of the cervix, and that it be divided into an acceleration phase (5–6 cm dilation) and a maximal phase (>6 cm dilation).
Theorizing Diversity in Management Studies: New Perspectives and Future Directions
Authors: Post Corinne , Muzio Daniel , Sarala Riikka , Wei Liqun , Faems Dries 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this introductory article for the special issue of Journal of Management Studies, entitled ‘Diversity perspective in management: Towards more complex conceptualizations of diversity in management studies’, we highlight thematic research avenues that emerged out of the set of studies accepted for publication. Recognizing that even a set of articles as diverse as those in this special issue cannot realistically represent all new research directions in a field, we identify developing areas in diversity research and call out additional avenues for research. We hope our commentary inspires scholars to unveil new understandings of how diversity affects our organizational and work lives and can contribute to making the world a better place.
The management experiences, needs and preferences of individuals seeking care for persistent intra‐articular temporomandibular disorders: A qualitative study
Authors: Dinsdale Alana , Forbes Roma , Thomas Lucy , Treleaven Julia 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about the management experiences, needs and preferences of individuals seeking care for persistent intra‐articular temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Investigating these experiences may improve understanding of the impact management has on individuals, and factors that shape these experiences. This information may advance current practice and guide future management of individuals with intra‐articular TMD.ObjectivesTo investigate the management experiences, needs and preferences of individuals with persistent intra‐articular TMD.MethodsA qualitative study was performed. Thirteen eligible participants (mean age 32.7 years, 12 female) were recruited via purposive sampling, and interviewed using a semi‐structured framework. Data were analysed using a thematic analysis approach.ResultsFour themes were established from interview data: (i) searching for help; (ii) wanting answers; (iii) wanting to regain control; and (iv) meeting needs, preferences and expectations, and the implications on care. Numerous factors influenced the experiences of those seeking care, including the ability to navigate care and management expectations. Specific to intra‐articular TMD, the absence of pain made seeking care harder, and often, patients perceived neglect of mechanical symptoms by healthcare practitioners, which negatively impacted care. Often, those wanting management expressed the need for answers and to regain control over their jaw symptoms.ConclusionsStrategies to improve healthcare navigation are needed for those wanting help for intra‐articular TMD. Within management, a person‐centred approach is encouraged. Practitioners should respect individuals' specific needs and preferences, and address underlying management expectations, to facilitate positive care experiences. Consideration of symptoms other than pain in intra‐articular TMD populations is paramount.
Patients' with chronic kidney disease and their relatives' perspectives on advance care planning: A meta‐ethnography
Authors: Frandsen Christina E. , Dieperink Hans , Detering Karen , Agerskov Hanne 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroductionAdvance care planning is a process that supports adults of any age and stage of illness in understanding and sharing their values, life goals, and preferences regarding medical care. Chronic kidney disease is a progressive and lifelong disease. Close relatives often represent patients' most important support. Advance care planning is recommended to be a continuous part of a person's ongoing treatment and is not solely related to end‐of‐life care. However, no studies have focused on advanced care planning for patients with chronic kidney disease earlier than the onset of a terminal illness.AimThe aim is to describe experiences of and perspectives on advance care planning among patients with chronic kidney disease and their close relatives.MethodsWe conducted a meta‐ethnography of studies that used individual, dyad, and focus group interviews. We searched five electronic databases: PubMed, Cinahl, Embase, PsycINFO, and Scopus and reference lists of relevant articles.ResultsSeven articles were included. Participants had a need for advance care planning to make shared decisions about treatment and everyday life. The responsibility for initiating advance care planning lay with the healthcare professionals. Differences between advance care planning goals among patients, relatives, and healthcare professionals complicated the advance care planning process. A focus on day‐to‐day care at the expense of focusing on advance care planning gave an impression of a lack of competencies and interest. For some patients, the involvement of relatives was of significant value; however, it could be associated with burden and pressure.ConclusionPatients with chronic kidney disease and their families have a need for early advance care planning before dialysis or transplantation is initiated, so as to facilitate shared decision‐making related to treatment options and everyday life. It is important that patients, their relatives, and healthcare professionals share the same advance care planning goals, to get sufficient discussions and thus, achieve clarity about prognosis, medical care, and the illness trajectory.