bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate and land‐use change severity alter trait‐based responses to habitat conversion
Authors: Murray Alexander H. , Nowakowski A. Justin , Frishkoff Luke O. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimA major goal in modern ecology is understanding the source of variation in species responses to anthropogenic change. Trait‐based approaches show promise, but traits found to be predictive in one study often fail in others. We seek to understand whether variation in traits’ explanatory power comes about due to interaction effects—between multiple traits and between traits and the environment. We assess the context‐dependence of trait‐based responses to habitat conversion by testing the hypothesis that abundance in converted habitats decreases with arboreality, while including interactions with reproductive mode, a trait of known importance, and biologically relevant climate variables.LocationGlobal tropical forest biomes.Time period1997–2018.Major taxa studiedAmphibians.MethodsUsing 18 studies of amphibian communities from across the globe, we evaluate the role of vertical niche position and reproductive mode in determining abundance within primary forest, structurally complex agriculture, and structurally simple agriculture. We examined interactions between traits, land‐use types and climate variables.ResultsAverage abundance steadily declined from primary forest, through complex agriculture, and was lowest in simple agriculture. Arboreality (high vertical niche position) leads to increased sensitivity to conversion of forest to simple agriculture, while terrestrial species are more sensitive when habitat is converted to complex agriculture. We found no evidence that trait‐by‐trait interactions determined abundance after habitat conversion. However, the effects of climate can alter how species’ traits determine abundance patterns—while lentic amphibians maintain abundance after conversion regardless of climate zone, direct developers and lotic species become increasingly sensitive to habitat modification in warmer climates.Major conclusionsVertical niche position acts as a limiting axis in modified environments, with response to conversion dependent on the availability of vegetative strata. Interactions between traits and the environment play a strong and underappreciated role in defining community composition in converted habitats. Such interactions may underlie the difficulties past studies have had in achieving generality across study locations and faunas.
Antimicrobial and electrical properties of ce‐ and ni‐doped zns nanoparticles obtained by a sonochemical method
Authors: de Andrade Neto Nivaldo Freire , de Oliveira Patricia Merlim , Corrêa Marcio Assolin , Bomio Delmonte Mauricio Roberto , da Motta Fabiana Villela 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this work, cerium‐ and nickel‐codoped ZnS nanoparticles were obtained by a sonochemical method for 20 min. The nanoparticles were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and microscopy electronic transmission (MET). The electrical properties are estimated through I‐V curves and the antimicrobial activity was analyzed against E. coli (gram‐negative) and S. aureus (gram‐positive) bacteria using the diffusion disk methodology. The diffractograms indicate the obtaining of cubic structure ZnS for the pure sample, whereas the doped samples present the cubic and hexagonal structures of the ZnS. The bandgap reduced from 3.60 to 3.52 eV, for pure and codoped samples. I‐V curves indicate an increase in resistivity with doping, being more evident for samples containing cerium. Antimicrobial activity increased as doping occurred, where the codoped sample showed the best results. Even for the low amount of dopant (1 mol%), the antimicrobial activity can be increased by about 50% for the codoped sample, compared to the pure ZnS. Thus, it is known that the doping of ZnS with cerium and nickel provides the stabilization of the hexagonal metastable phase, which acts to restrict electronic mobility and, consequently, improves the antimicrobial response of the material.
Impact of the addition of dolomite to cream‐firing clays on the technological and color properties of sintered ceramics
Authors: Wiśniewska Kornelia , Pichór Waldemar , Kłosek‐Wawrzyn Ewelina 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSintered ceramics, represented by ceramic tiles or clinker bricks, are widely used in the building materials industry due to their technological properties and visual qualities. The topic of color changing of ceramic materials from cream‐firing clays with the use of mineral additives has not been addressed to date. The aim of the paper was to investigate the effect of granulation of dolomite additives to ceramic masses based on cream‐firing Borkowice clay on the color and properties of fired ceramic materials. The paper proposes that grain size of mineral additive affects the color of sintered ceramics. In order to confirm this hypothesis, a number of experiments were performed, consisting of determination of the color and technological properties of ceramic materials. The conducted tests showed that the color and technological properties of sintered ceramics are influenced by the grain size of the additives used.
The role of nostalgic brand positioning in capturing brand equity: Theoretical extension and analysis
Authors: Gilal Rukhsana Gul , Gilal Naeem Gul , Gilal Faheem Gul , Gong Zhenxing 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDrawing on construal level theory, basic psychological need‐candidate theory and gender schema theory, this study aims to develop a multilevel framework that explains how nostalgic brand positioning increases brand equity via nostalgic brand relationship dimensions (i.e., brand passion, brand local iconness and brand authenticity). Moreover, we posit that brand innovativeness and customer gender are important boundary conditions for these indirect effects of nostalgic brand positioning on brand equity through the nostalgic brand relationship dimensions. To this end, a convenience sample of N = 1,171 respondents was used to inspect the hypotheses in settings relating to the fast‐moving consumer goods industry. Results show a positive indirect effect of nostalgic brand positioning on brand equity through brand passion, brand local iconness and brand authenticity. Moreover, moderation results reveal that the effect of nostalgic brand positioning on brand passion and brand authenticity was more salient when brand innovativeness was lower; however, for brand authenticity, the effect was more pronounced when brand innovativeness was higher. Similarly, findings relating to the moderation effect of customer gender indicate that nostalgic brand positioning has a greater effect on brand passion and brand authenticity for females than for their male counterparts. Conversely, for brand iconness, the effect was equally important for both males and females. The practical and theoretical implications of these findings are provided and limitations are acknowledged.
The immunopeptidomes of two transmissible cancers and their host have a common, dominant peptide motif
Authors: Gastaldello Annalisa , Ramarathinam Sri H. , Bailey Alistair , Owen Rachel , Turner Steven , Kontouli N. , Elliott Tim , Skipp Paul , Purcell Anthony W. , Siddle Hannah V. 
Published: January 2021

SummaryTransmissible cancers are malignant cells that can spread between individuals of a population, akin to both a parasite and a mobile graft. The survival of the Tasmanian devil, the largest remaining marsupial carnivore, is threatened by the remarkable emergence of two independent lineages of transmissible cancer, devil facial tumour (DFT) 1 and devil facial tumour 2 (DFT2). To aid the development of a vaccine and to interrogate how histocompatibility barriers can be overcome, we analysed the peptides bound to major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC‐I) molecules from Tasmanian devil cells and representative cell lines of each transmissible cancer. Here, we show that DFT1 + IFN‐γ and DFT2 cell lines express a restricted repertoire of MHC‐I allotypes compared with fibroblast cells, potentially reducing the breadth of peptide presentation. Comparison of the peptidomes from DFT1 + IFNγ, DFT2 and host fibroblast cells demonstrates a dominant motif, despite differences in MHC‐I allotypes between the cell lines, with preference for a hydrophobic leucine residue at position 3 and position Ω of peptides. DFT1 and DFT2 both present peptides derived from neural proteins, which reflects a shared cellular origin that could be exploited for vaccine design. These results suggest that polymorphisms in MHC‐I molecules between tumours and host can be ‘hidden’ by a common peptide motif, providing the potential for permissive passage of infectious cells and demonstrating complexity in mammalian histocompatibility barriers.
“What matters to me”: A multi‐method qualitative study exploring service users’, carers’ and clinicians’ needs and experiences of therapeutic engagement on acute mental health wards
Authors: McAllister Sarah , Simpson Alan , Tsianakas Vicki , Robert Glenn 
Published: January 2021

AbstractNurse–patient therapeutic engagement on acute mental health wards is beneficial to service users’ outcomes and nurses’ job satisfaction. However, engagement is not always fulfilled in practice and interventions to improve engagement are sparse and ineffective. We explored the experiences of service users, carers, and clinicians drawing from 80 hours of non‐participant observations in an acute mental health ward and semi‐structured interviews with 14 service users, two carers, and 12 clinicians. Analysis of these data resulted in 28 touchpoints (emotionally significant moments) and eight overarching themes. Service users, carers, and clinicians identified a lack of high‐quality, person‐centred, collaborative engagement and recognized and supported efforts to improve engagement in practice. Potential solutions to inform future intervention development were identified. Our findings align with previous research highlighting negative experiences and support the need to develop multicomponent interventions through participatory methods.
Factors affecting the emergence of diplomacy in Iranian nurse managers: a qualitative study
Authors: Sharafi Simin , Cheraghi Mohammad Ali , Nasiri Ahmad , Mahmoudirad Gholamhossein 
Published: January 2021

AimTo explore the factors affecting the emergence of diplomacy in Iranian nurse managers.BackgroundToday, with the development of complex health systems, diplomacy in health care can take place at organizational, national and international levels.IntroductionDiplomacy's role is to convince others peacefully to achieve goals. Diplomacy in nursing can facilitate professional development and direct policy and decision‐making process towards the development of a healthcare system.MethodsThe study used a qualitative descriptive approach. The sampling method was purposeful, and data were collected via in‐depth, unstructured and face‐to‐face interviews with 16 participants. The interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed through conventional content analysis based on Graneheim and Lundman’s work.ResultsIn total, 212 codes were generated, which were grouped into three main categories, namely paradigmatic socio‐political changes (two subcategories), nurses’ dissatisfaction with their status in healthcare system (two subcategories) and multidimensional development of the nursing profession (four subcategories).Discussion/ConclusionsSocio‐political changes, development of the nursing profession and nurses’ dissatisfaction with the health system have led to the emergence of diplomacy roles in nurse managers, the recognition and development of which can improve the effectiveness of nurse managers in policymaking.Implications for Nursing & Health PolicyThe recent COVID‐19 pandemic outbreak has demonstrated the urgent need to use diplomacy to solve health problems and adjust or develop policymaking at the national and international levels. Strengthening their role in diplomacy, nurse managers can play an important role as diplomats at various levels of policymaking and in health crisis management.
Lack of correlation between S1 RNA binding domain 1 SNP rs3213787/rs11884064 and normal‐tension glaucoma in a population from the Republic of Korea
Authors: Yeon Park Hye , Young Shin Hye 
Published: January 2021

PurposePrevious studies have reported the association of the S1 RNA binding domain 1 (SRBD1) gene with open‐angle glaucoma in various ethnic populations. However, in those studies, the definition of the patients differed, as did the results. Therefore, the relevance of the SRBD1 gene to normal tension glaucoma (NTG) appears uncertain at present. Thus, we investigated the relationship between the SRBD1 gene and NTG in a Korean NTG cohort.MethodsIn total, 159 unrelated Korean patients with NTG and 103 Korean control subjects were recruited. Thus, a total of 262 participants were analyzed for SRBD1 (rs3213787 and rs11884064) gene polymorphisms.ResultsThe minor allele frequency (MAF) of rs3213787 was found to be 0.13 and 0.19 in NTG cases and controls, respectively. The genetic association analysis of SNP rs3213787 revealed no significant difference in genotype distribution between NTG cases and controls in allelic (odds ratio [OR] = 0.634, p = 0.063), dominant (OR = 0.589, p = 0.066) or recessive models (OR = 0.639, p = 0.7716). The MAF of rs11884064 was found to be 0.24 and 0.25 in NTG cases and controls, respectively. For rs11884064, no significant difference in genotype distribution was observed between NTG cases and controls in allelic (OR = 0.938, p = 0.755), dominant (OR = 0.927, p = 0.798) or recessive models (OR = 0.920, p = 1.000).ConclusionsThe current study suggested that SRBD1 gene polymorphisms (rs3213787 and rs11884064) may not be associated with genetic susceptibility to NTG in a Korean cohort.References1. Writing Committee for the Normal Tension Glaucoma Genetic Study Group of Japan Glaucoma S, Meguro A, Inoko H, et al. Genome‐wide association study of normal tension glaucoma: common variants in SRBD1 and ELOVL5 contribute to disease susceptibility. Ophthalmology 2010;117:1331–8 e5.2. Gibson J, Griffiths H, De Salvo G, et al. Genome‐wide association study of primary open angle glaucoma risk and quantitative traits. Mol Vis 2012;18:1083–92.3. Cao D, Jiao X, Liu X, et al. CDKN2B polymorphism is associated with primary open‐angle glaucoma (POAG) in the Afro‐Caribbean population of Barbados, West Indies. PLoS One 2012;7:e39278.
The impact of macular oedema on microvascular and metabolic alterations in retinitis pigmentosa
Authors: Waizel Maria , Scholl Hendrik P.N. , Todorova Margarita G. 
Published: January 2021

PurposeThe primary aim of our study was to evaluate retinal microvascular anomalies recorded with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and the retinal metabolic function measured with retinal oximetry (RO) in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP). The secondary aim of the study was to link the presence of macular oedema to evaluated microvascular and metabolic parameters in RP.MethodsOCTA and RO were performed on 94 eyes: 64 eyes diagnosed with RP with (ME‐RP) and without (no‐ME‐RP) macular oedema were compared to 30 control eyes. Study endpoints were: mean superficial (FAZ‐S) and deep foveal avascular zone (FAZ‐D) determined by OCTA. In addition, we evaluated the mean arterial (A‐SO2; %), venular (V‐SO2; %) oxygen saturation, their difference (A‐V SO2; %), as well as the corresponding mean diameter of the retinal arterioles (D‐A; μm) and venules (D‐V; μm).ResultsRP patients differed from controls by enlarged FAZ‐S and FAZ‐D (p ≥ 0.001), attenuated retinal vessels (p < 0.001) and increased retinal vessel oxygen saturation (p ≥ 0.010). Subgroup analyses within RP patients revealed more pronounced alterations of microvascular parameters and metabolic function in the presence of macular oedema. In the no‐ME‐RP subgroup, significant interactions were present between FAZ‐S, A‐SO2 and V‐SO2, whereas in the ME‐RP subgroup, we found significant correlations between FAZ‐D and D‐A.ConclusionA combined microvascular structure‐metabolic function approach enhances our understanding of inherited retinal diseases. The presence of macular oedema in retinitis pigmentosa seems to be a result of more altered microvascular‐metabolic function. However, its presence should be taken into consideration, as it may also influence the interpretation of the results.
Preclinical study in a corneal bioreactor of the effectiveness of amniotic membrane of umbilical cord extract (AMUCE) for the treatment of corneal epithelial ulcerations
Authors: Crouzet Emmanuel , Peyret Benjamin , Poinard Sylvain , Garcin Thibaud , Dumollard Jean‐Marc , Barnouin Laurence , Thuret Gilles , Gain Philippe 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPurposeOur patented corneal bioreactor (BR) improves the survival of human corneas ex vivo in the long term by restoring intraocular pressure and renewal of storage medium in a sterile environment.AimTo use the BR to test the efficacy of eye drops containing devitalized ground amniotic membrane of umbilical cord extract (AMUCE) to treat epithelial ulcerations. AMUCE contains high level of proteoglycans, collagen and physiological growth factors.MethodsOnly pairs of human corneas were used to obtain best possible controls. They were either corneas discarded by our eye bank (cell density between 800 and 2000 cells/mm2) or specific donation for research (normal corneas). They were first stored for 2 weeks into the BR filled with CorneaMax (Eurobio, France), with 21 mmHg in the endothelial chamber to allow regeneration of a normal epithelium as previously shown. Then, a 6.0 mm diameter calibrated epithelial ulcer was made. Using a specific BR lid allowing sterile handling, each cornea was treated topically 3 times daily either by the AMUCE eye drops (TBF, France) or by the vehicle (0.9% NaCl). Closure of the ulceration was monitored daily using fluorescein staining quantified by image analysis (FIJI) of macro‐zoom microscopy. After wound healing corneas were fixed for histology (Hematein Eosin Saffron) and immunolabeling of epithelial markers.ResultsThree pairs were used. Wound healing was obtained at D3, D7, D5 with the AMUCE and D3, D6, D6 with the vehicle (no significant difference). Nevertheless, drug‐treated corneas had a thicker epithelium than with vehicle only. Histology and immunolabeling for E‐Cadherin and cytokeratin K3/K12 confirmed that epithelium of AMUCE‐treated corneas was more differentiated than with vehicle only.ConclusionsThe BR allows controlled studies of epithelial wound healing on human corneas with repeated instillations. By improving epithelial maturation, AMUCE eye drop is an interesting candidate for epithelium regeneration.
Key role of fibronectin for Staphylococcus aureus adherence to ex vivo corneal epithelium
Authors: Maurin Corantin , Courrier Emilie , He Zhiguo , Josselin Rigaill , Frédéric Laurent , Thuret Gilles , Gain Philippe , Verhoeven Paul 
Published: January 2021

PurposeStaphylococcus aureus (SA) is the second most frequent pathogen of bacterial keratitis. Fibronectin‐binding proteins (FnBPs) which are staphylococcal adhesins are found in 95% of clinical isolates and are shown to be important adhesins or invasion factors in ulcerative keratitis. Aim: to study the role of the fibronectin (Fn) in SA adherence on corneal epithelium and its role in the initiation of the keratitis.MethodsWe used 4 strains of SA: 8325‐4 and DU5883 (8325‐4 isogenic strain lacking in fnbA/B), and SA113 and SA113 srtA‐ (Isogenic strain lacking in Sortase A). Levels of internalisation were measured by lysostaphin protection assay on human corneal epithelial HCE‐2 cells. SA adherence level was calculated by determining the ratio between the SA area and area of corneal epithelial ulceration blocked by Fn antibodies or not. The surface of epithelial ulceration was defined with Fn immunostaining.ResultsOn cells, intracellular loads of 8325‐4 and DU5883 strains were, respectively, 4.2 and 2.6 log CFU/106 cells (p < 0.0001) and intracellular loads of SA113 and SA113 srtA‐ strains were, respectively, 4.3 and 3.9 log CFU/106 cells (p < 0.0001). Onto intact and injured corneal epithelium, SA (8325‐4) adherence level was, respectively, 0.04 and 4.36 MFI (Mean Fluorescence Intensity) (p = 0.0003). On injured corneal epithelium, adherence level of 8325‐4 and DU5883 was significantly reduced from 3.7% to 0.5%, respectively (p < 0.001), whereas adherence level of SA113 Wt and srtA‐ was not significantly reduced from 1.5% to 0.7%, respectively (p = 0.1873). Blockage of Fn showed a significant decrease of 87%, 85% and 86% of the 8325‐4, SA13 WT and SA113 SrtA‐ adhesion level, respectively, but a not significant decrease for DU5883 (43%).ConclusionsCapacity of SA to bind the epithelium of intact cornea was weak, whereas corneal epithelium ulceration significantly increased its adherence. Adherence is mediated by the presence of Fn inside the epithelium, FnBPs and adhesine proteins in SA.
Study of mechanotransduction in the endothelium of stored human corneas
Authors: Ben Moussa Olfa , Vaïtinadapoulé Hanielle , He Zhiguo , Perrache Chantal , Gain Philippe , Thuret Gilles , Mascarelli Frederic 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPurposeCorneal endothelial cells (ECs) are continuously exposed to two physical stimuli: intraocular pressure (IOP) on their apical surface and contact with the Descemet membrane on their basal surface. We suppose that IOP could act on mechanoreceptors which could induce mechanotransduction in ECs: YAP (Yes Associated Protein) a transcriptional coactivator and Zo‐1 included in apical tight‐junctions. In numerous cell types, mechanical stimuli induce YAP nuclear translocation, which regulates genes expression involved in cell survival.AimTo study the localization of YAP in human ECs and its link with Zo‐1 homeostasis, using our corneal bioreactor (BR) capable of restoring a transcorneal pressure gradient equivalent to the IOP.MethodsHuman corneas were placed in the BR, during 14 days at 21 mmHg with circulation of a storage medium (CorneaMax, Eurobio, France). For control, paired corneas were stored in a flask without IOP in the same medium. Immunolabelling for YAP and Zo‐1 was done on paraformaldehyde of methanol fixed whole corneas by incubating primary and secondary antibodies on the endothelial side only. After flat mount, the entire endothelium was observed by epifluorescence microscope (IX81, Olympus, Japan).ResultsSeveral endothelial areas of corneas stored in the BR had regular hexagonal EC, well‐organized tight‐junctions, and a homogeneous nuclear localization of YAP. Corneas stored without IOP presented some areas without EC and other areas covered by EC with irregular shape, disorganized tight‐junctions and an heterogeneous localization of YAP, with some cells having focal expression in their nucleus and others cytoplasmic expression.ConclusionsThe bioreactor is a promising tool to study the role of mechanotransduction in human EC survival and function. IOP seems able alter expression of YAP and of Zo‐1. IOP‐induced nuclear translocation of YAP in various corneal areas seems linked with integrity of tight‐junctions.