bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rate of Recovery and Symptomatic Efficacy of a Polyherbal AYUSH Formulation in the Treatment of SARS CoV-2 disease: A Single-arm trial
Authors: Kanchibhotla Divya , Harsora Prateek , Subramanian Saumya , reddy Ravi , Venkatesh Hari 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the human coronavirus SARS- CoV-2, has led to millions of deaths across the globe. Not only is the SARS-CoV-2 virus highly infectious, it also mutates very easily. This creates additional challenges for development of robust therapeutic solutions. Along with modern system of healthcare, there is a definite need for exploring natural plant based antiviral compounds directed against the SARS CoV-2 virus.
Objective

The present observational study investigates the efficacy of an Ayurvedic polyherbal formulation of 19 ingredients, NOQ19, in the management of COVID-19.
Methodology:

A single arm, single centric, open label study design was adopted for this feasibility study. 161 RT-PCR positive COVID-19 patients were enrolled. The enrolled participants were provided the Ayurvedic intervention, 2 tablets of NOQ19, thrice daily along with the standard of care treatment. Follow up COVID-19 RT- PCR tests were conducted on Day 5, Day 10 and Day 14, or until the patient turned negative. The time required for testing negative on the RT-PCR test or becoming asymptomatic was noted.
Results

A subjective analysis demonstrated that 74% of patients turned RT-PCR negative within 5 days of taking NOQ19. Additionally, 98% of the subjects turned RT-PCR Negative on Day 10 after taking NOQ19 in addition to the standard of care treatment of Vitamin C, Zinc and antipyretic (as necessary). None of the participants reported any adverse or side effects to the medication.
Conclusion

NOQ19 Ayurvedic polyherbal formulation can be an effective and safe option for the symptomatic management of COVID-19.
Nrf2 Regulates Microglia-Mediated Phagocytosis and Neuroinflammation Following Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Liu Lirong , Bao Shuangjin , Yao Zhenjia , Bai Qinqin , Liang Chuntian , Zhang John H. , Fu Pengcheng , Wang gaiqing 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
To explore the effect of microglial functional transformation in hematoma clearance following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and investigate whether Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) -mediated microglial phagocytosis and inflammatory response is beneficial for hematoma clearance and functional recovery in vitro and in vivo experiments after ICH.
Methods
In vitro experiments, BV-2 cells were cultured and randomly divided into 4 groups: normal control, microglia + Nrf2-siRNA (100 nmol/L), microglia + monascin (15 µM), microglia + Xuezhikang (200 µg/mL). In vivo experiments, 42 mice were divided into sham, ICH+vehicle, ICH+Nrf2-/-, ICH+monascin (10mg/kg/day, twice) and ICH+Xuezhikang (0.2g/kg/day, twice). Neurologic scores, hemoglobin levels, microglial phagocytosis, brain expression of CD80 /Trem1/TNF-α (pro-inflammatory cytokines) as well as CD206/Trem2/BDNF (anti-inflammatory cytokines) were analyzed at 72 hours after surgery.
Results
The results showed that Nrf2 agonists improved neurological deficits and decreased hemoglobin levels after ICH. The administration of Nrf2 agonist- monascin/ Xuezhikang enhanced microglia-mediated phagocytosis of erythrocytes and bioparticles by up-regulating Nrf2. Alternatively, monascin/Xuezhikang promoted the expressions of Triggering receptor II expressed on myeloid cells (Trem2), CD206 and BDNF, while inhibited the expressions of Trem1,CD80 and TNF-αexpressed in microglia. Conversely, Nrf2 inhibition (Nrf2 siRNA or Nrf2-/-) showed the opposite results following ICH.
Conclusions
Microglial functional transformation are involved in hematoma clearance following ICH. Nrf2 activation contributes to microglial functional transformation and phagocytic responses then exerts its neuroprotection after ICH. Nrf2 activator (Monascin/Xuezhikang) enhances hematoma clearance and alleviates neuroinflammation via the regulation of microglial functional alteration following ICH.
Preoperative Anatomy Parameters in Implantable Collamer Lenses
Authors: Xue Yanzhen , Guo Yonghong , Zhao Ruibo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To determine patient preoperative anatomical features and the parameters of implantable collamer lenses (ICLs) relevant in explaining vault variability.Setting: Ophthalmology Xi’an Aier Gucheng Eye hospital , Xi’an China.Design: Retrospective case series.Methods:This study comprised 88 eyes of 45 patients implanted with myopic or toric ICLs between May 2021 and August 2021.Pentacam imaging was used for assessing white-to-white (WTW) diameter, central keratometry, anterior chamber depth(ACD), central corneal thickness and vault. Anterior-segment optical coherence tomography（AS-OCT） was used to measure the horizontal anterior chamber angle distance (ATA). Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) was used to measure horizontal and vertical sulcus to sulcus(vSTS). According to different ACD,we divide ACD into shallow group(2.8 to 3.2 mm),medium group(3.2 to 3.5 mm),and deep group(＞3.5mm).Results: Linear regression analysis found significant correlation between WTW diameters and ATA diameters( y= 0.9605x+0.1491,R² = 0.9148),with a coefficient of determinant of 0.9148 (P＜0.01). Linear regression analysis found significant correlation between hSTS and vSTS（y=0.9855x-0.0178,R²=0.1979）,with a coefficient of determinant of 0.1979 (P＜0.01). WTW diameters showed statistically significant difference in shallow and medium ACD (t=-3.28,P＜0.01 ), significant difference in shallow and deep ACD (t=-4.69,P＜0.01 ),there was no correlation in medium and deep ACD(t=-1.41,P＞0.05 ). There was a statistically significant correlation between WTW diameters and hSTS diameters when the ACD was less than 3.5 mm (t=-0.451, P=0.000) (t=1.406, P=0.026),but weak correlation when the ACD was bigger than 3.5 mm(t=1.594, P=0.051). ATA and WTW with a mean difference close to zero(-0.66 mm). Despite the relatively high correlation (intraclass correlation co-efficient =0.689), the range of agreement is quite broad (1.33 mm).Conclusions:ATA measured with AS-OCT can not be used interchangeably with WTW obtained with Pentacam. WTW diameters and hSTS diameters have a statistically significant correlation when the ACD was less than 3.5 mm. WTW, ATA, hSTS and vSTS all should be considered during design the size of lens and regulating the vault after surgery.
The effect of halogens (F, Cl) on the near-liquidus crystallinity of a hydrous trachyte melt
Authors: Feisel Yves , Castro Jonathan M. , Helo Christoph , Dingwell Donald B. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The effect of F and Cl on the liquidus temperature of a hydrous (~3.5–4 wt% H2O) trachytic melt (~66 wt% SiO2) at 925 to 990 °C and at 100 MPa has been experimentally investigated. We employed a novel disequilibrium approach involving diffusion couple experiments with the two-diffusion couple end-members differing solely in halogen concentrations. A shift of the liquidus temperature by ~50 °C was observed between a halogen-poor and halogen-enriched melt. Each experiment spanned the entire range of F and Cl concentrations between the two end-member compositions. We determined the halogen concentrations at the transition from crystal-bearing to crystal-free melt. These concentrations correspond to the liquidus halogen concentrations of the melt at each experimental temperature. We demonstrate that there is a limiting halogen concentration (~0.19–0.52 wt% F; ~0.07–0.24 wt% Cl), below which the melt crystallizes spherulitic clinopyroxene during heating to the run temperature. At high temperatures, upon diffusion of F and Cl into the halogen-poor melt, those crystals dissolve, leaving behind a dissolution front parallel to the diffusion interface. We propose that the dissolution is a consequence of F and Cl complexing with some of the main cationic components of clinopyroxene (Mg, Fe, Ca), thereby destabilizing this phase. Thus, the experimental dissolution of clinopyroxene is a manifestation of a liquidus depression caused by increased halogen content. Our results show that the liquidus shifts at a rate of ~1575(379) K/mol% of F and Cl in the melt, which is a minimum estimate, assuming both halogens equally drive dissolution. This liquidus depression is valid for a range of halogen concentrations (~0.06–0.87 wt% F; ~0.06–0.36 wt% Cl) and the experimental temperatures. Our findings illustrate that the degassing of halogens during or prior to an eruption can enhance crystallization in the melt and therefore influence magma physical properties that may ultimately affect eruption style.
Industrial experience in the implementation of clinker-free binders of alkaline activation
Authors: Salamanova M. Sh. , Ismailova Z. Kh. 
Published: November 2021

Objective. Issues related to the search for new, less energy- and material- intensive binders have long been on the agenda of many world environmental forums, since the carbonate technology of Portland cement entails pollution of the surrounding atmosphere and habitat, and the price of this product is unjustifiably growing. In our opinion, alkaline cements could contribute to the construction industry. Within the framework of this work, research results have been obtained that confirm the effectiveness of the development of a clinker-free technology for producing alkaline-mixed binders and composites based on them using aluminosilicate additives, both natural and technogenic origin.Method. The methods of electron microscopy and differential thermal analysis make it possible to study the nature of the components and the processes of formation of the structure of the cement stone. Waste from the cement industry has the appropriate granulometric and chemical composition, the aluminosilicate mineralogy of the studied powders confirms their compliance with the ready-made raw mix of Portland cement clinker, which is the key to the possibility of their effective use.Result. The carried out differential thermal analyzes confirmed the presence of the following phases in the composition of cement stone on binding bonds "cement dust - alkaline activator" of zeolite, calcite, mica type muscovite, montrillonite, magnesium oxide, calcium sulfoaluminates, ettringite structure, calcium hydrochloraluminate, calcium hydrosilicate, calcium hydrosilicate calcium.Conclusion. The obtained regularities of the processes of formation of the structure of the cement binder "waste of the cement industry - Na2SiO3", will transform these developments to create strong and durable artificial building composites competing with concretes on Portland cement.
Design of thermoelectric devices for extracting foreign objects from the human body by freezing
Authors: Evdulov O. V. , Nasrulaev A. M. , Kazumov R. Sh. 
Published: November 2021

Objectives.The purpose of the article is to consider the designs of thermoelectric devices (TEC) for extracting foreign objects (IO) from the human body by freezing with various options for removing heat from the hot junctions of the thermoelectric module (TEM).Method. Modifications of thermoelectric devices are described for extracting the IO from the human body by freezing it to a special probe. Their technical design differs in the way of heat removal from the TEM hot junctions, for which air heat removal, melting working substances and preliminary cooling of the radiator are used. The basic relationships for calculating the technical means intended for the removal of heat from the hot junctions of the TEM are presented.Result. The graphs of the dependence of the temperature change of the TEM hot junctions in time are obtained for different values of its heat output when using an air heat removal system and the time of complete penetration of various working substances used in the device.Conclusion. The data obtained show that for the operating conditions of the TEC, the temperature of the hot junctions of the TEM with an air heat sink does not go beyond the permissible limits. With a module power of 8 W, 12 W and 16 W, the temperature of the hot junctions of thermoelements stabilizes rather quickly and takes the value of 308 K, 313 K and 318 K. maintaining their stable temperature is most preferred is nickel nitrate, less - elaidic acid and paraffin. Calculations of the design of a device with a pre-cooled radiator system also show the efficiency of heat removal from the hot junctions of the TEM for the duration of the entire procedure for removing the IO from the human body.
Circulating Plasma Biomarkers in Biopsy-Confirmed Kidney Disease
Authors: Schmidt Insa M. , Sarvode Mothi Suraj , Wilson Parker C. , Palsson Ragnar , Srivastava Anand , Onul Ingrid F. , Kibbelaar Zoe A. , Zhuo Min , Amodu Afolarin , Stillman Isaac E. , Rennke Helmut G. , Humphreys Benjamin D. , Waikar Sushrut S. 
Published: November 2021

Background and objectives
Biomarkers for noninvasive assessment of histopathology and prognosis are needed in patients with kidney disease.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Using a proteomics assay, we measured a multimarker panel of 225 circulating plasma proteins in a prospective cohort study of 549 individuals with biopsy-confirmed kidney diseases and semiquantitative assessment of histopathology. We tested the associations of each biomarker with histopathologic lesions and the risks of kidney disease progression (defined as ≥40% decline in eGFR or initiation of KRT) and death.

Results
After multivariable adjustment and correction for multiple testing, 46 different proteins were associated with histopathologic lesions. The top-performing markers positively associated with acute tubular injury and interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy were kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and V-set and Ig domain-containing protein 2 (VSIG2), respectively. Thirty proteins were significantly associated with kidney disease progression, and 35 were significantly associated with death. The top-performing markers for kidney disease progression were placental growth factor (hazard ratio per doubling, 5.4; 95% confidence interval, 3.4 to 8.7) and BMP and activin membrane-bound inhibitor (hazard ratio, 3.0; 95% confidence interval, 2.1 to 4.2); the top-performing markers for death were TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor-2 (hazard ratio, 2.9; 95% confidence interval, 2.0 to 4.0) and CUB domain-containing protein-1 (hazard ratio, 2.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.8 to 3.3).

Conclusion
We identified several plasma protein biomarkers associated with kidney disease histopathology and adverse clinical outcomes in individuals with a diverse set of kidney diseases.

Podcast
This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2021_12_28_CJN09380721.mp3
Traumatic exungulation in cattle: ten cases (1993–2018)
Authors: Simpson Katharine M. , Streeter Robert N. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To describe clinical findings, treatments, and outcomes for cattle with complete traumatic exungulation.

ANIMALS
10 bovines.

PROCEDURES
Record databases of 2 teaching hospitals were searched to identify cattle treated for traumatic exungulation between January 1993 and December 2018. Information about signalment, clinical signs and findings, treatment, and outcome was extracted from the records or obtained by telephone communication with the owner.

RESULTS
Records for 5 bulls, 4 heifers, and 1 cow with a median age of 2 years (range, 1 day to 10 years) and weight of 379.1 kg (range, 30 to 909.1 kg) were reviewed. Duration of clinical signs ranged from ≤ 24 hours to 3.5 days. Five of 7 animals had a lameness score > 3/5. Complete exungulation occurred in 6 medial digits (3 hind limbs and 3 forelimbs) and 5 lateral digits (1 hind limb and 4 forelimbs); 1 calf had complete exungulation of both digits of a forelimb. Treatments included bandaging (n = 9), antimicrobials (9), anti-inflammatories (8), hoof block application to the adjacent digit (7), regional anesthesia (6), cast application (4), curettage of the third phalanx (3), regional antimicrobial perfusion (1), and local application of antimicrobial-impregnated beads (1). All 7 cattle with long-term (≥ 9 months) information available returned to their intended function; 6 had no residual lameness, and 3 required regular corrective trimming of the affected digit.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Results suggested the prognosis for long-term survival and return to intended function is fair to good for cattle with complete exungulation.
JANIE CRAWFORD'S ALIENATION IN ZORA NEALE HURSTON'S THEIR EYES WERE WATCHING GOD
Authors: Pujimahanani Cahyaningsih , Sayang Niki Saka 
Published: November 2021

Zora Neale Hurston's Their Eyes Were Watching God is a novel that reflects African-American social life in the early 20th century. This thesis examines the proofs of Janie Crawford alienation in every aspect of her life. In order to analyze the problem, the thesis uses a theory of alienation stated and applies qualitative method. Firstly, the thesis begins to read the novel and then collects the data. Then, this thesis carry on the process of analyzing the data collecting with the theory and making a conclusion at last. The findings of this thesis exhibits Janie Crawford's powerlessness and self-estrangement that can be seen through every events of her life with her familiarpeople. Keywords: Alienation, Powerlessness, Self-estrangement
COCKNEY AND RECEIVED PRONUNCIATION ACCENTS AS SIGNIFICANT SOCIAL CLASS DETERMINERS IN MY FAIR LADY MOVIE
Authors: Sarmi Ni Nyoman 
Published: November 2021

This research has main objectives to identify the Cockney and Received Pronunciation accents in My Fair Lady movie spoken by Eliza Doolittle and Professor Henry Higgins. Also, the objective is to find the correlation between the accents and the social backgrounds of both speakers. The result of this research shows that the accents indeed can indicate Eliza and Higgins’ social backgrounds. There are several characteristics that can distinct the Cockney and Received Pronunciation, such as H-dropping, Th- fronting, Diphthong shifting, and G- dropping. Eliza and Henry Higgins speak different accents because they come from different regions in London. Besides, from their accents, it is shown that Eliza with her strong Cockney accent comes from lower class while Henry Higgins with his Received Pronunciation accent comes from upper class. Furthermore, the correlation between accents and social backgrounds is also analyzed in this research. Key Words: Accent, Cockney, Received Pronunciation
PORTRAYING THE WABI SABI PHILOSOPHY OF BEAUTY IN KAWABATA’S SNOW COUNTRY
Authors: Cahyaningati Desi Tri 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSnow country depicts beauty of nature, people, and love through the characters and the situation with the elements of sincerity, purity, calmness and condusiveness. Beauty itself is one of the major themes in this novel. However, Kawabata has his own perception of the beauty that is different with common perception of beauty. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the philosophy of beauty in Kawabata’s Snow Country. These beauty were analyzed through philosophical point of beauty by Kant and Japanese aesthetic philosophy wabi sabi. In fact, the writer found that almost all of beauty in snow country included the sad element, such as a loneliness in a beauty of nature, sadness in a beautiful voice and a waste effort in a beauty of love. The beauty of unusual, imperfect (Wabi Sabi) was found in the way Kawabata depicted the beauty of the women in this novel; Komako and Yoko. Keywords: Philosophy, Beauty, Wabi Sabi, Snow Country, Kawabata
DEPRESSION IN FREDDIE MERCURY’S SONG LYRICS: “BOHEMIAN RHAPSODY”, “SOMEBODY TO LOVE” AND “LOVE OF MY LIFE”
Authors: Risqullah Zaki 
Published: November 2021

This research deals with Depression in Freddie Mercury’s song lyrics. It is focused on the symptoms of depression implied in the song lyrics entitled “Bohemian Rhapsody”, “Love of My Life”, and “Somebody to Love”. The objectives of the study are to find out the poetic devices in Freddie Mercury’s song lyrics entitled “Bohemian Rhapsody”, “Love of My Life”, and “Somebody to Love” and to describe the depression symptoms portrayed in Freddie Mercury’s song lyrics entitled “Bohemian Rhapsody”, “Love of My Life”, and “Somebody to Love”. The theories used to analyse the data are Aaron T. Beck’s depression and William Wordsworth’s theory of poetry. Pragmatic approach and qualitative research design were applied in conducting the study. The techniques of data collection and analysis covered close reading and content analysis. Findings show that “Bohemian Rhapsody” makes use of hyperbole, metonymy, situational irony, antithesis, repetition, and allusion as poetic devices. The depression symptoms undergone by the speaker of the song lyrics entitled “Bohemian Rhapsody” cover Low Self-Evaluation., Loss of Emotional Attachments, and Negative Feelings toward Self. The second song lyrics entitled “Someone to Love” employ repetition, hyperbole, and personification. The speaker of the song lyrics suffers from Reduction in Gratification. The song lyrics entitled “Love of My Life” make use of hyperbole, repetition, personification, and symbol as the poetic devices. The character ‘I’, in the song lyrics, suffer from Dejected Mood.
PRUE’S IMAGINATION ABOUT IMPASSABLE WILDERNESS ON COLIN MELOY’S NOVEL WILDWOOD
Authors: Syairiyah Marthalita Nasichatus 
Published: November 2021

Syairiyah, Marthalita N, and Fanani, Abu Prue’s Imagination for Impassable Wilderness on Colin Meloy’s Novel of Wildwood.Keyword: Imagination, dream, and Impassable Wildernes This article studies the imagination which appears in child’s mind on the novel of Wildwood written by Colin Meloy. Sometimes the children like to imagine with what they see, hear, and read. In this novel, Prue is one of the children who experiences adventure by her imagination.This study is conducted to enrich the topic about imagination. Imagination in the object is analyzed using dream theory by Sigmund Freud. This research is using qualitative method. The novel of Wildwood by Colin Meloy is the primary data source. While, the supporting data are taken from secondary data source.The researchers find a result of this study; Prue’s imagination before she entered the Impassable Wilderness. Her imagination sometimes seems real even though not all of their imagination become real. But, this novel makes one of the children becomes real when she faces the problem of that myth.