bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Silico Based Approach to Investigate Plant Lignans as Inhibitor Candidates for Estrogen Receptor in Breast Cancer
Authors: Mohamadyar-Toupkanlou Farzaneh , Esfandiari Mina , Kashef-Saberi Mahshid Sadat , Kabiri Mahboubeh , Bazi Zahra 
Published: September 2021

Background:
In the last decades, growing evidence demonstrates interest in phytoestrogen
intake to modulate targets in different types of cancer. Plant lignans have proven efficacious in
blocking estrogen receptors of breast cancer cells. Among them, four phytoestrogen lignans: pinoresinol,
matairesinol, lariciresinol, and secoisolariciresinol have been most studied. However,
available studies have mostly dealt with the anti-cancer effects of groups of lignans in certain foods
or plants and the effects of specific lignans, especially from a molecular interaction viewpoint,
have been rarely addressed in the literature.

Objective:
We aimed to in silico predict pharmacological properties, binding ability and binding
strength of pinoresinol, matairesinol, lariciresinol and secoisolariciresinol as possible inhibitors of
estrogen receptor alpha which is the most important biomarker in breast cancer.

Methods:
Firstly, we evaluated the pharmacological properties of four lignans using SwissADME.
Then we investigated the ligand-receptor interactions of these molecules as positively appraised ligands
for ER-positive breast cancer targeted therapy using docking method. We finally compared
the inhibitory effect possibility of the lignans against endoxifen which is the active metabolite of tamoxifen.

Results:
The best binding affinity of endoxifen, matairesinol, pinoresinol, lariciresinol and secoisolariciresinol
were respectively -9.2, -7.5, -6.7, -6.7, -5.8 kcal/mol. In the meantime, matairesinol
showed a minimum binding energy than other studied lignans in addition to the most similar interactions
to endoxifen with conserved domain residues of the active site pocket in Leu:391, Ala:350,
Met:421, and Phe:404.

Conclusion:
Among the studied lignans, matairesinol showed favorable pharmacokinetics and
drug-likeliness properties, the least binding energy as well as the most common interactions in
conserved residues of the active site pocket with estrogens. This makes it a molecule with low number
of nonspecific interactions, better target selectivity, and hence fewer side effects. Thus, our results
introduce matairesinol as a possibly effective anti-estrogen receptor inhibitor candidate.
Aconitum heterophyllum Wall. ex Royle: An Endemic, Highly Medicinal
and Critically Endangered Plant Species of Northwestern Himalaya in
Peril
Authors: Wani Zishan Ahmad , Pant Shreekar 
Published: September 2021

:
Aconitum heterophyllum is a precious endemic medicinal plant of Northwestern Himalaya. It possesses a number of curative effects and is accounted for having diuretic, hepatoprotective, antipyretic, analgesic, antioxidant, alexipharmic, anodyne, anti-atrabilious, expectorant, immunostimulant, febrifuge, anthelminthic, anti- cancerous, anti-diarrhoeal, anti-emetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-flatulent, anti-periodic, anti-phlegmatic, anti-diabetic, antifungal, antimicrobial, antiviral and carminative properties. Further, it is an important ingredient of many Ayurvedic formulations. Its pharmacological potential may be attributed to of the presence of many biologically active phytochemicals like aconitine, mesaconitine, acetylaconitine, heterophylline A, and heterophylline B. Owing to its high therapeutic uses and market value, the plant is being exploited for its tubers from the wild. Further, there are some reproductive constraints due to which the population of the plant in the wild is waning at a rapid rate. Due to these factors, Aconitum heterophyllum has been categorized as critically endangered; demanding focused conservation strategies and cultivation efforts.
Medicinal Importance, Pharmacological Activities and Analytical Aspects
of Canadine in Medicine: An Important Phytochemical of Hydrastis
canadensis
Authors: Patel Dinesh Kumar 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Natural products and their derived phytochemicals are used in medicine.
Natural products have gained importance in modern medicine due to their therapeutic potential and
beneficial effects on human health and disorders. Plenty of herbal drug-based products are
available in the market and are playing an important role in the human health care system due to
their beneficial properties in human beings. In the modern age, we can find many herbal-based
products in the market mainly prepared from natural products and used for the prevention and
treatment of various human disorders. Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids are an important class of
alkaloidal compounds. They include morphine, codeine, sanguinarine, berberine, and canadine,
which are mainly known for their medicinal value.

Methods:
Hydrastis canadensis is an important medicinal plant found to contain a
significant amount of canadine, hydrastine, and berberine. In the present investigation,
numerous scientific databases such as Google, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar,
and Scopus have been searched to collect important scientific information of canadine and
analyzed to determine the beneficial aspects of canadine on health and medicine. All the
collected scientific data were analyzed and categorized according to pharmacological and
analytical aspects.

Results:
From the analysis of the collected scientific information, it was found that
Hydrastis canadensis contains a significant amount of canadine with many more
phytochemicals, including canadaline, hydrastidine, isohydrastidine, etc. Pharmacological
activity data analysis revealed the biological importance of Hydrastis canadensis in
medicine for their traditional uses against gastritis, colitis, duodenal ulcers, loss of appetite,
liver disease, bile secretion disorder, snake bites, and vaginitis in medicine. However,
scientific data analysis of canadine revealed its effectiveness in acetylcholinesterase
inhibitory activity, anti-cancer, anti-microbial, anti-allergic activity, and anti-oxidant
activity. Different modern analytical tools have been used in modern medicine for the
isolation and quantification of canadine in the Hydrastis canadensis.

Conclusion:
Present investigation revealed the medicinal importance and pharmacological
activities of canadine in medicine for the treatment of numerous human health complications.
These scientific data will be helpful for scientists in knowing the biological importance of canadine
in medicine against various forms of human complications.
Rates of Anxiety, Depression, and Stress Among High School Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Jenabi Ensiyeh , Bashirian Saeid , Khazaei Salman , Poorsdavood Mohammad , Heidarimoghadam Rashid , Barati Majid , Shirahmadi Samane , Zareian Sepideh , Shamsaei Farshid , Farzian Shahnaz , Asgari Aliakbar , Nankali Yaser , Haghighi Mohammad 
Published: September 2021

Background:
The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) was first reported in Wuhan,
China, and has since then spread worldwide, resulting in a large number of hospitalizations
and deaths. To the best of our knowledge, the study about the mental health status (depression,
anxiety, and stress) among high school students during COVID-19 has not been performed
in Iran.

Objective:
This study was performed to investigate rates of anxiety, depression, and stress
among high school students during the pandemic of COVID-19.

Method:
This cross-sectional study was performed among high school students (12-18
years) from 30 April until 1 June 2020, in Hamadan City, west of Iran. In total, 2852 students
contributed to the present study. Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21)
was used in this study. Statistical analyses were conducted in STATA 14 with a significant
level of 0.05.

Results:
The present study showed that although stress status was normal among most high
school students (70.3%), the status of anxiety and depression was high. The boys had reported
a higher proportion of normal status of depression (51.62% vs. 44.97%), anxiety
(31.71% vs. 26.91%), and stress (77.66% vs. 66.10%) compared to the girls. Also, students
in grades 7-9 had reported a higher percentage of normal status in all three dimensions of
stress, anxiety, and depression.

Conclusion:
These findings suggest that as rates of depression and anxiety are high, schoolage
children may benefit from policymakers and other authorities’ active role.
Age features of morphological changes of vessels of testicular hemomicrocirculatory flow in streptozotocin diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kondrat Ivan-Andriy 
Published: September 2021

Medico-social problem of diabetes is caused by early disability and mortality of patients due to specific complications of micro- and macroangiopathies. Therefore, the aim of our study was to establish morphological changes in vessels of the hemomicrocirculatory flow of the testes of immature rats with experimental streptozotocin diabetes mellitus (SDM). The material for the study were the testicles of 20 two-month-old immature (weighing 65-95 g) white outbred male rats, which were divided equally into 2 groups: experimental and control ones. SDM in animals of the experimental group was simulated by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (dissolved in 0.1 M citrate buffer solution with a pH of 4.5) at a dose of 7 mg per 100 g of mass. The control group of animals received intraperitoneally an equivalent dose of 0.1 M citrate buffer. Histological, electron microscopic, biochemical, morphometric and statistical research methods were used.
It was found that in the early stages of SDM (14th day) on the background of hyperglycemia in the hemomicrocirculatory flow of the testes there is a spasm of the vessels of the afferent link, which is confirmed by a decrease in the area of arterioles lumen and an increase in their VI.
On the 56th day of SDM, on the background of elevated levels of glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin in the links of the hemorrhagic circulatory flow of the testes there are initial signs of diabetic microangiopathy, manifested by: hemorheological disorders in micro-hemo-vessels (erythrocyte sludges, adhesion of erythrocytes and platelets, microclasmatosis), decreased capacity of arterioles and capillaries (increase in VI, respectively by 1.2 and 1.9 times), microclasmatosis, thickening and proliferation of the basement membrane of capillaries.
Thus, on the 56th day of SDM in the hemomicrocirculatory flow of the testes, the development of diabetic microangiopathy is observed, which leads to the disruption of the blood-testis barrier, and as a consequence, to a violation of spermatogenesis.
Preventive role of self-education in the formation of personality
Authors: Skrobach Nadiia , Shapoval Oksana , Vyshyvanyuk Vira , Petryna Vitalii 
Published: September 2021

Спроба об’єднати фактори, що зумовлюють процес розвитку особистості, у провідні блоки на основі їх спорідненості дозволяє, з одного боку, значно розширити поле для дослідження, а з іншого – дає можливість на основі загальних теоретичних положень більш глибоко і ґрунтовно дослідити окремі підсистеми загальної системи факторів. Між групою об’єктивних факторів(природні, соціальні) та таким суб’єктивним фактором, як власне природа особистості, чільне місце посідає такий об’єктивно-суб`єктивний фактор, як духовність. З одного боку, її стан та зміст зумовлені об’єктивними факторами, а з іншого – форми її прояву мають суб’єктивний характер. Аналіз рівня розвитку особистості на цьому етапі дозволяє визначити позитивний та негативний результати процесу виховання, обрати та апробувати шляхи корекції поведінки вихованців.
Виявлення та наукове обґрунтування основних тенденцій взаємодії провідних блоків системи факторів формування особистості дозволяє визначити та науково обґрунтувати найбільш ефективні шляхи превентизації прояву особистості в негативних формах її поведінки.Ще один шлях полягає в зміні, за допомогою уяви, інформації що надходить. У даному випадку невротична реакція полягає в зміні ситуації таким чином, щоб поразки та неуспіхи не могли поставити під сумнів переконання даної особи у своїй величі. З цією метою досить, наприклад, уявити себе талановитою людиною, якій заступають шлях і яку не визнають або якій шкодять заздрісні посередності і зрадлива доля. Раціональне мислення змінюється ірраціональним, яке визнає бажане і приємне за дійсне. Ідеальне «я» ототожнюється з реальним «я». Самовиховання в такому разі стає зайвим, індивід послуговується лише уявою.
Clinical practice in Obstetrics and Gynecology in the context of the implementation of a competency-based approach to the organization of education of modern students
Authors: Drohomyretska Nataliia 
Published: September 2021

The article shows the role of clinical practice in Obstetrics and Gynecology in the context of the implementation of a competency-based approach to the organization of education of modern students. The indisputable advantages of the orientation of the educational process onto the achievement of professional competencies for the training of competitive specialists with flexible practical-meaningful thinking are determined.
Priority in the system of medical education is the development of new approaches, methods and forms of training in order to form readiness for the professional activity of a medical specialist. The efficiency of algorithmization and pedagogical potential of the case-method in the structure of clinical practice teaching is proved.
Remote Monitoring of the Performance Status and Burden of Symptoms of Patients With Gastrointestinal Cancer Via a Consumer-Based Activity Tracker: Quantitative Cohort Study
Authors: Ghods Alireza , Shahrokni Armin , Ghasemzadeh Hassan , Cook Diane 
Published: September 2021

Background
The number of older patients with gastrointestinal cancer is increasing due to an aging global population. Minimizing reliance on an in-clinic patient performance status test to determine a patient’s prognosis and course of treatment can improve resource utilization. Further, current performance status measurements cannot capture patients' constant changes. These measurements also rely on self-reports, which are subjective and subject to bias. Real-time monitoring of patients' activities may allow for a more accurate assessment of patients’ performance status while minimizing resource utilization.

Objective
This study investigates the validity of consumer-based activity trackers for monitoring the performance status of patients with gastrointestinal cancer.

Methods
A total of 27 consenting patients (63% male, median age 58 years) wore a consumer-based activity tracker 7 days before chemotherapy and 14 days after receiving their first treatment. The provider assessed patients using the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG-PS) scale and Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale-Short Form (MSAS-SF) before and after chemotherapy visits. The statistical correlations between ECOG-PS and MSAS-SF scores and patients’ daily step counts were assessed.

Results
The daily step counts yielded the highest correlation with the patients' ECOG-PS scores after chemotherapy (P<.001). The patients with higher ECOG-PS scores experienced a higher fluctuation in their step counts. The patients who walked more prechemotherapy (mean 6071 steps per day) and postchemotherapy (mean 5930 steps per day) had a lower MSAS-SF score (lower burden of symptoms) compared to patients who walked less prechemotherapy (mean 5205 steps per day) and postchemotherapy (mean 4437 steps per day).

Conclusions
This study demonstrates the feasibility of using inexpensive, consumer-based activity trackers for the remote monitoring of performance status in the gastrointestinal cancer population. The findings need to be validated in a larger population for generalizability.
Walking and Daily Affect Among Sedentary Older Adults Measured Using the StepMATE App: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Bisson Alycia N , Sorrentino Victoria , Lachman Margie E 
Published: September 2021

Background
Although fitness technology can track and encourage increases in physical activity, few smartphone apps are based on behavior change theories. Apps that do include behavioral components tend to be costly and often do not include strategies to help those who are unsure of how to increase their physical activity.

Objective
The aim of this pilot study is to test the efficacy of a new app, StepMATE, for increasing daily walking in a sample of inactive adults and to examine daily relationships between walking and self-reported mood and energy.

Methods
The participants were middle-aged and older adults aged ≥50 years (mean 61.64, SD 7.67 years). They were randomly assigned to receive either a basic, pedometer-like version of the app or a version with supports to help them determine where, when, and with whom to walk. Of the 96 participants randomized to 1 of 2 conditions, 87 (91%) completed pretest assessments and 81 (84%) successfully downloaded the app. Upon downloading the app, step data from the week prior were automatically recorded. The participants in both groups were asked to set a daily walking goal, which they could change at any point during the intervention. They were asked to use the app as much as possible over the next 4 weeks. Twice per day, pop-up notifications assessed mood and energy levels.

Results
Although one group had access to additional app features, both groups used the app in a similar way, mainly using just the walk-tracking feature. Multilevel models revealed that both groups took significantly more steps during the 4-week study than during the week before downloading the app (γ=0.24; P<.001). During the study, the participants in both groups averaged 5248 steps per day compared with an average of 3753 steps per day during the baseline week. Contrary to predictions, there were no differences in step increases between the two conditions. Cognition significantly improved from pre- to posttest (γ=0.17; P=.02). Across conditions, on days in which the participants took more steps than average, they reported better mood and higher energy levels on the same day and better mood on the subsequent day. Daily associations among walking, mood, and energy were significant for women but not for men and were stronger for older participants (those aged ≥62 years) than for the younger participants.

Conclusions
Both groups increased their steps to a similar extent, suggesting that setting and monitoring daily walking goals was sufficient for an initial increase and maintenance of steps. Across conditions, walking had benefits for positive mood and energy levels, particularly for women and older participants. Further investigations should identify other motivating factors that could lead to greater and more sustained increases in physical activity.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03124537; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03124537
Information Patients With Melanoma Spontaneously Report About Health-Related Quality of Life on Web-Based Forums: Case Study
Authors: Kalf Rachel R J , Delnoij Diana M J , Ryll Bettina , Bouvy Marcel L , Goettsch Wim G 
Published: September 2021

Background
There is a general agreement on the importance of health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This type of information is becoming increasingly important for the value assessment of health technology assessment agencies in evaluating the benefits of new health technologies, including medicines. However, HRQoL data are often limited, and additional sources that provide this type of information may be helpful.

Objective
We aim to identify the HRQoL topics important to patients with melanoma based on web-based discussions on public social media forums.

Methods
We identified 3 public web-based forums from the United States and the United Kingdom, namely the Melanoma Patient Information Page, the Melanoma International Forum, and MacMillan. Their posts were randomly selected and coded using qualitative methods until saturation was reached.

Results
Of the posts assessed, 36.7% (150/409) of posts on Melanoma International Forum, 45.1% (198/439) on MacMillan, and 35.4% (128/362) on Melanoma Patient Information Page focused on HRQoL. The 2 themes most frequently mentioned were mental health and (un)certainty. The themes were constructed based on underlying and more detailed codes. Codes related to fear, worry and anxiety, uncertainty, and unfavorable effects were the most-often discussed ones.

Conclusions
Web-based forums are a valuable source for identifying relevant HRQoL aspects in patients with a given disease. These aspects could be cross-referenced with existing tools and they might improve the content validity of patient-reported outcome measures, including HRQoL questionnaires. In addition, web-based forums may provide health technology assessment agencies with a more holistic understanding of the external aspects affecting patient HRQoL. These aspects might support the value assessment of new health technologies and could therefore help inform topic prioritization as well as the scoping phase before any value assessment.
Utility of a Telephone Triage Hotline in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Longitudinal Observational Study
Authors: Cher Benjamin A Y , Wilson Eric A , Pinsky Alexa M , Townshend Ryan F , Wolski Ann V , Broderick Michael , Milen Allison M , Lau Audrey , Singh Amrit , Cinti Sandro K , Engelke Carl G , Saha Anjan K 
Published: September 2021

Background
During the initial months of the COVID-19 pandemic, rapidly rising disease prevalence in the United States created a demand for patient-facing information exchanges that addressed questions and concerns about the disease. One approach to managing increased patient volumes during a pandemic involves the implementation of telephone-based triage systems. During a pandemic, telephone triage hotlines can be employed in innovative ways to conserve medical resources and offer useful population-level data about disease symptomatology and risk factor profiles.

Objective
The aim of this study is to describe and evaluate the COVID-19 telephone triage hotline used by a large academic medical center in the midwestern United States.

Methods
Michigan Medicine established a telephone hotline to triage inbound patient calls related to COVID-19. For calls received between March 24, 2020, and May 5, 2020, we described total call volume, data reported by callers including COVID-19 risk factors and symptomatology, and distribution of callers to triage algorithm endpoints. We also described symptomatology reported by callers who were directed to the institutional patient portal (online medical visit questionnaire).

Results
A total of 3929 calls (average 91 calls per day) were received by the call center during the study period. The maximum total number of daily calls peaked at 211 on March 24, 2020. Call volumes were the highest from 6 AM to 11 AM and during evening hours. Callers were most often directed to the online patient portal (1654/3929, 42%), nursing hotlines (1338/3929, 34%), or employee health services (709/3929, 18%). Cough (126/370 of callers, 34%), shortness of breath (101/370, 27%), upper respiratory infection (28/111, 25%), and fever (89/370, 24%) were the most commonly reported symptoms. Immunocompromised state (23/370, 6%) and age >65 years (18/370, 5%) were the most commonly reported risk factors.

Conclusions
The triage algorithm successfully diverted low-risk patients to suitable algorithm endpoints, while directing high-risk patients onward for immediate assessment. Data collected from hotline calls also enhanced knowledge of symptoms and risk factors that typified community members, demonstrating that pandemic hotlines can aid in the clinical characterization of novel diseases.