bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of the gut microbiota in the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ibragimova L. I. , Kolpakova E. A. , Dzagakhova A. V. , Egshatyan L. V. , Pokrovskaya E. V. , Derevyanko O. S. , Nikonova T. V. 
Published: February 2021

At the beginning of the XXI century, with the advent of technical capabilities and new methods of genes sequencing, the attention of researchers to the study of the human metagenome has significantly increased. The interaction between changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the gut microbiota (GM) and various diseases is being actively studied, a search for specific metabolites and genes of microorganisms that may be associated with the development, in particular, of immune-mediated diseases is underway. In recent years, a lot of new data have been published on the possible contribution of gut flora dysbiosis to the development of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), while the first assumptions were put forward as far back as 1970s. The search for pathogenetic mechanisms of GM influence on the development and progression of T1DM is becoming an increasingly relevant objective, since in recent years the incidence of T1DM is rapidly increasing, which is a serious health problem throughout the world.This review discusses the current ideas about the role of GM in the immunopathogenesis of T1DM, new data on the near-term prospects in the study of the human macrogenome, current ideas about the role of GM in the immunopathogenesis of T1DM, and the possibility of applying this knowledge by the practitioner.
One-hour postload plasma glucose levels as a new criterion for assessing insulin secretion in obese children
Authors: Vasyukova O. V. , Okorokov P. L. , Peterkova V. A. 
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND: Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and associated dysglycemic conditions, increasing the risk of diabetes development, continues to rise worldwide, most notably due to ever-growing obesity rate. Early identification of the persons who are exposed to the risk of T2DM development holds much significance for prevention of both this disease and associated cardiometabolic complications.AIM: To study characteristics of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity among obese children and adolescents versus the glycemic level 60 minutes (GL60) after the standard oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).METHODS: This open-label comparative cross-sectional study involved 613 children in the age between 6 and 17.9 years old with constitutive-exogenous obesity, divided into 2 groups: 173 patients with GL60 level ≥ 8.6 mmol/L and 440 children with GL60 level < 8.6 mmol/L. They underwent a screening for dyslipidemia, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, arterial hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Insulin secretion was evaluated on the basis of maximal (IRI max), average level (IRI avg) of insulin in the course of OGTT and insulinogenic index (IGI), insulin resistance (IG) — by Matsuda index.RESULTS: The groups were comparable in the terms of age, sex, sexual maturation stage and obesity level. Children with GL60 level ≥ 8.6 mmol/L were characterized by higher IR (Matsuda 2.8 ± 2.3 vs 3.5 ± 2.2, р < 0.01), hyperinsulinemia (IRI max 190.0 ± 59.5 vs 157.1 ± 63.4 μU/ml, р < 0.001, IRI avg 115.3 ± 59.7 vs 90.2 ± 54.1 μU/ml, p < 0.001) along with low IGI value (1.84 ± 1.62 vs 2.61 ± 1.3, р < 0.01), which is indicative of the first phase insulin secretion impairment. The lowest IGI values were found among the "GL60 level ≥ 8.6 mmol/L" group patients with IGT (1.4 ± 0.9). Besides, the patients with GL60 level ≥ 8.6 mmol/L are characterized by the higher rate of metabolic complications in the form of impaired glucose tolerance, arterial hypertension, fatty hepatosis and steatohepatitis.CONCLUSIONS: GL60 level ≥ 8.6 mmol/L can be used as an additional marker for metabolically complicated obesity among children and adolescents with a high risk of the carbohydrate metabolism disorder development.
Measurements of urban traffic parameters before and after road reconstruction
Authors: Bąkowski Andrzej , Radziszewski Leszek 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe study analyzed the parameters of vehicle traffic and noise on the national road in the section in the city from 2011 to 2016. In 2013–2014 this road was reconstructed. It was found that in most cases, the distribution of the tested variable was not normal. The median and selected percentiles of vehicle traffic parameters and noise were examined. The variability and type A uncertainty of the results were described and evaluated. The results obtained for the data recorded on working and non-working days were compared. The vehicle cumulative speed distributions, for two-way four-lane road segments in both directions were analyzed. A mathematical model of normalized traffic flow has been proposed. Fit factor R2of the proposed equations to the experimental data for passenger vehicles ranges from 0.93 to 0.99. It has been shown that two years after the road reconstruction, the median noise level did not increase even though traffic volumes and vehicle speeds increased. The Cnossos noise model was validated for data recorded over a period of 6 years. A very good agreement of the medians determined according to the Cnossos-EU model and the measured ones was obtained. It should be noted, however, that for the other analyzed percentiles,e.g.95%, the discrepancies are larger.
Forgotten coindex of some non-toxic dendrimers structure used in targeted drug delivery
Authors: Ali Yasir , Bibi Zainab , Kiran Quanita 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn recent past, porphyrin-based dendrimers have gained great attraction due to their usefulness in nano devices and photo-dynamic therapy. New technologies based upon nano-materials or dendrimers have potential to overcome the problems due to conventional drug delivery, like toxicity, poor solubility and poor release pattern of drugs. The chemical and physical properties of these highly branched nanometer sized dendrimers depend on their structure. In chemical network theory, various topological indices are used to predict chemical properties of molecules(dendrimers). Among many useful topological descriptors forgotten coindex is relatively less explored but is found very useful in material engineering, pharmaceutical and chemical industries. In this article, we consider some special dendrimers, like poly(propyl) ether imine, porphyrin, and zinc-porphyrin, and nanostars likeD1[k] andD2[k] and compute forgotten coindex for these important structures.
Insight into the significance of Joule dissipation, thermal jump and partial slip: Dynamics of unsteady ethelene glycol conveying graphene nanoparticles through porous medium
Authors: Sharma Rohit , Raju Chakravarthula S. , Animasaun Isaac L. , Santhosh Halavudara B. , Mishra Manoj K. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In the production of ethelene glycol, graphene nanoparticles is inevitable and even suggested due to monomolecular layer of carbon atoms which are bounded like honey comb structure is known as graphene due to this structure, graphene has several types of exceptional and unique structural, optical and electronic properties. However, little is known on the enhancement of the transport phenomenon when Joule dissipation, inclined magnetic field, thermal jump and partial slip are apparent. With emphasis to the inherent aforementioned concepts together with heat source/sink and thermal radiation, this paper presents insight into the dynamics of unsteady Ethelene glycol conveying graphene nanoparticles through porous medium. The dimensional governing equation was non-dimenzionalized using fitting similarity variables and solved the dimensionless equations using Runge-Kutta Fehlberg algorithms along with the shooting technique. Also, a statistical method was implemented for multiple quadratic regression estimation analysis on the numerical figures of wall velocity gradient and local Nusselt number to establish the connection among heat transfer rate and physical parameters. Our numerical findings reveal that the magnetic field and porosity parameters boost the graphene Maxwell nanofluid velocity while Maxwell parameter has a reversal impact on it. The regression analysis confers that Nusselt number is more prone to heat absorption parameter as compared to Eckert number. The rate of heat transfer is higher in case of with slip compare to without slip flow in the presence of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation and unsteady parameter. The fluid velocity and temperature distribution is higher in without slip compare to with slip flow.
An investigation on the degradation behaviors of Mg wires/PLA composite for bone fixation implants: influence of wire content and load mode
Authors: Li Xuan , Cong Yu , Sui Jisheng , Li Xiaolong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Poly-lactic acid based biocomposite strengthened with magnesium alloy wires (Mg wires/PLA composite) is prepared for bone fixation implantation. The influence of wire content and load mode on the degradation performances of the composite and its components is studied. The result suggests the degradation of Mg wires could slow down the pH decrease originated from the degradation of PLA, while a relatively high wire content contributes to descend the degradation rate of Mg wire in the composite. Dynamic load significantly promotes the mechanical loss of the specimens. After 30 days immersion, the Sb
retention is about 65%, 52% and 55%, respectively for pure PLA, the composite at 10 vol% and 20 vol% under dynamic load, comparing to 75%, 70% and 72% under no load. Moreover, dynamic load could further mitigate the degradation of Mg wires by increasing convective transport of acidic products out of the composite.
Pubertal Testosterone and Brain Response to Faces in Young Adulthood: An Interplay between Organizational and Activational Effects in Young Men
Authors: Liao Zhijie , Tilley Steven , Mouraviev Andrei , Khairullah Ammar , Paus Tomas 
Published: February 2021

According to the organizational-activational hypothesis, the organizational effects of testosterone during (prenatal) brain development moderate the activational effects of adult testosterone on behavior. Accumulating evidence supports the notion that adolescence is another period during which sex hormones organize the nervous system. Here we investigate how pubertal sex hormones moderate the activational effects of adult sex hormones on social cognition in humans. To do so, we recruited a sample of young men (n= 507; age, ∼19 years) from a longitudinal birth cohort and investigated whether testosterone exposure during adolescence (from 9 to 17 years of age) moderates the relation between current testosterone and brain response to faces in young adulthood, as assessed with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Our results showed that the cumulative exposure to testosterone during adolescence moderated the relation between adult testosterone and both the mean fMRI response and functional connectivity (i.e., node strength). Specifically, in participants with low exposure to testosterone during puberty, we observed a positive relationship between current testosterone and the brain response to faces; this was not the case for participants with medium and high pubertal testosterone. Furthermore, we observed a stronger relationship between the brain response and current testosterone in parts of the angry-face network associated with (vs without) motion in the eye region of an observed (angry) face. We speculate that pubertal testosterone modulates the relationship between current testosterone and brain response to social cues carried by the eyes and signaling a potential threat.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAccumulating evidence supports the organizational effects of pubertal testosterone, but the body of literature examining these effects on social cognition in humans is in its infancy. With a sample of young men from a longitudinal birth cohort, we showed that the cumulative exposure to testosterone during adolescence moderated the relation between adult testosterone and both the mean BOLD signal change and functional connectivity. Specifically, we observed a positive relationship between adult testosterone and the brain response to faces in participants with low exposure to testosterone during puberty, but not in participants with medium and high pubertal testosterone. Results of further analysis suggest that sensitivity to cues carried by the eyes might underlie the relationship between testosterone and brain response to faces, especially in the context of a potential threat.
РОДИННИЙ НЕКРОПОЛЬ БОРОХОВИЧІВ У МІСТЕЧКУ ЛЮТЕНЬКА ГАДЯЦЬКОГО ПОЛКУ
Authors: Коваленко Оксана 
Published: February 2021

У статті аналізуються матеріали археологічних досліджень цвинтаря XVII-XVIII ст. та залишків Свято-Успенської церкви в с. Лютенька (Полтавщина).
Лютенька була заснована як слобода у 30-х рр. XVII ст.. До 1646 р. була у власності Конєцпольських. У 1648-1782 рр. Лютенька функціонувла, як сотенне містечко у складі Гадяцького, Полтавського, Зіньківського полків. Найтісніше її історія пов’язана із родиною Бороховичів, зокрема із Михайлом Андрійовичем, який у 1672-1687 рр., із незначними перервами, був гадяцьким полковим обозним, а 1687 – 1704 р. – полковником. У статті розглянута родина Михайла та його другої дружини Олени Іванівни. Взаємовідносини останньої та дітей Максима, Федора, Івана, Феодосії і Марії, після смерті батька.
Більшість членів родини знайшли свій спочинок на цвинтарі спеціально збудованої у 1687 р., як родинна усипальниця, Успенської церкви. Звели її в центрі лютенської фортеці на місці старої дерев’яної церкви першої чверті XVII ст. Новозведена церква була мурованою, дев'ятидільною, хрещатою, п'ятибанною. Проіснувала вона до 1985 р. Навколо неї у 2009-2010 рр. досліджена ділянка ґрунтового цвинтаря XVII-XVIII ст., всього близько 300 поховань. Вони розміщені у широтному напрямку, із тяжінням до стін храму, часто на місці раніше існуючих могил.
Впродовж кінця XVII – першої чверті XVIII ст. Бороховичи здійснювали поховання членів своєї родини в підземному просторі центральної частини та обабіч церкви у склепових похованнях. Археологічно вивчено 13 склепів, унікального стану збереженості, які є у фокусі цієї розвідки. Знайдені та атрибутовані поховання самого Михайла Бороховича, його дружини Олени та, вірогідно синів. Поданий детальний опис конструкцій склепів, поховального вбрання, розміщення, супровідних обрядових речей: ікон, хрестів тощо. Матеріали кінця XVII-XVIII ст., розширюють наші уявлення та знання про різні аспекти здійснення поховань, поховальну обрядовість козацької старшини та, назагал, сприяють уточненню уявлень про смерть в часи Гетьманщини.
ГРАВЮРА «ПОХОВАННЯ ГРАФА ФЕДОРА ГОЛОВІНА» З ФОНДОВОЇ ЗБІРКИ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО КИЄВО-ПЕЧЕРСЬКОГО ІСТОРИКО-КУЛЬТУРНОГО ЗАПОВІДНИКА
Authors: Філіпова Ганна 
Published: February 2021

Дослідження присвячено введенню до історичного контексту гравюри із фондової колекції Національного Києво-Печерського історико-культурного заповідника. Розглядуваний витвір гравірувального мистецтва зображує процесію на похоронах графа Федора Головіна (1650–1706). Відбиток, про який іде мова, датовано ХІХ ст., однак зроблено його з дошки XVIII ст. Дошку виконав невідомий гравер, найпевніше – іноземного походження. Візуальний ряд гравюри містить низку символів, характерних для жалобної культури епохи бароко. Авторка дослідила окремі мотиви, відображені у гравюрі (геральдичні символи, стилізовані античні образи, тема лицарства тощо). Проведено компаративний аналіз зображення поховальної процесії Федора Головіна і відтворених у джерелах похорон інших російських державних діячів того часу, зокрема імператора Петра І. Зауважено, що риси, продемонстровані у творі, тяжіють до польсько-шляхетської традиції pompa funebris. Цю традицію, своєю чергою, росіяни могли запозичити росіянами у козацької старшини Гетьманщини. Також у дослідженні окреслено перспективи вивчення таких творів як джерел барокової поховальної і жалобної ритуалістики.
«СУМУЄМО ТЯЖКОЮ ВТРАТОЮ НАУКИ...»: ВШАНУВАННЯ СМЕРТІ У АРХЕОЛОГІЧНОМУ СПІВТОВАРИСТВІ УСРР ДРУГОЇ ПОЛОВИНИ 1920 х – ПОЧАТКУ 1930 х рр.
Authors: Яненко Анна 
Published: February 2021

У статті розглянуто дії та заходи, спрямовані на вшанування колег-археологів і науковців-музейників, які пішли у засвіти у другій половині 1920‑х – на початку 1930‑х рр. На прикладі Данила Щербаківського, котрий учинив самогубство через неможливість продовжувати наукові студії в музеї, померлих Миколи Біляшівського, Василя Ляскоронського, Сергія Дложевського, Бориса Фармаковського, Сергія Гамченка та інших проілюстровано типові пропам’ятні практики тогочасного інтелектуального співтовариства: публічні поховання і панахиди, покладання квітів на могилу, виголошення прощальних промов, ушанування вставанням і хвилиною мовчання під час буденних зібрань наукових осередків, некрологи й меморіальні статті на шпальтах періодики, надсилання телеграм, поштівок, офіційних і приватних листів із висловленням щирого співчуття і жалю через втрату, створення і діяльність спеціальних комісій і комітетів, встановлення анотованих дощок і надання структурним підрозділам наукових установ імені покійного інтелектуала, влаштування виставок, клопотання про надання пенсій родинам покійних, присвяти у фахових виданнях та посмертні публікації наукових студій. Залучено до наукового обігу маловідомі документи, що засвідчували вияв посмертної шани, – некрологи, офіційні та приватні звернення, світлини. Наголошено, що практики вшанування почасти виконували функцію громадянського протесту проти несправедливості, свавілля, нехтування принципами професійності й людяності, функцію опору репресивній і антигуманній політиці тоталітарного режиму.
Toxicity test for Fuller’s earth contaminated with dielectric oil using eisenia foetida earthworms and soils with different carbon contents
Authors: Cardona Gallo Santiago Alonso , Beltran-Perez Oscar Dario , Berrio-Giraldo Linda-Ivette , Agudelo Edison-Alexander 
Published: February 2021

Fuller’s earth is an adsorbent material used in the electric industry for dielectric oil regeneration. The high amount of polyaromatic hydrocarbons removed from oil and adsorbed in the Fuller’s earth makes this material a hazardous waste. It is necessary to implement a toxicity test and apply a suitable treatment to safely dispose of this waste in a landfill or repurpose it for reuse. In this paper, the toxicity of Fuller’s earth contaminated with dielectric oil is assessed before and after treatment. The toxic potential of the Fuller’s earth and the dielectric oil extracted through decontamination processes was evaluated in two types of soil with different carbon contents, analyzing the effects on the test organisms, Eisenia Foetida earthworms. These tests showed that decontaminated Fuller’s earth is non-toxic, and that the toxicity of the contaminated Fuller’s earth, or its extracts after treatment, represented by the median lethal concentration (LC50) depends significantly on the type of soil used.
Docosahexaenoic acid in the treatment of male infertility caused by high sperm DNA fragmentation
Authors: Vinogradov I. V. , Zhivulko A. R. 
Published: February 2021

Introduction.Antioxidant supplementation therapy continues to be the main treatment for male infertility associated with high level of sperm DNA damage. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is one of the most promising components of antioxidant supplementation therapy. It also has anti-inflammatory properties that makes it interesting for treatment of patients with high level of sperm DNA damage and inflammation in male accessory glands.Materials and methods.One hundred and seventeen (117) infertile patients with high level of sperm DNA damage were recruited for this randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study. Semen analysis, MAR-test, SCD test and sperm cryotolerance test were performed to all patients. Subjects were divided into 2 groups with high (>1 mln / ml) and low (<1 mln / ml) semen leucocyte concertation and then randomized into 2 subgroups of active treatment and 2 placebo subgroups. The active treatment subgroups received 1470 mg / day of DHA for 3 months. The placebo group received placebo for the same period. Laboratory tests were repeated after the treatment course had been finished.Results.Statistically significant increase in motility (42 % (25–61 %) vs 25 % (15–47 %), p <0.05), vitality (73 % (63–81 %) vs 41 % (35–64 %), p <0.05), decrease in sperm DNA fragmentation level (21 % (12–28 %) vs 33 % (25–39 %), p <0.05) and leucocyte concentration (1 million / ml (0.7–1.7 million / ml) vs 1,5 million / ml (1.1–2.1 million / ml), p <0.05) were observed in the subgroup with male accessory glands inflammation after treatment. Motility (15 % (8–19 %) vs 8 % (5–11 %), p <0.05) and vitality (37 % (25–46 %) vs 24 % (17–40 %), p <0.05) in this subgroup after a sperm cryotolerance test increased as well. In the subgroup with low semen leucocyte concertation statistically significant increase in motility (43 % (27–63 %) vs 34 % (21–54 %), p <0.05), vitality (77 % (66–85 %) vs 65 % (54.5–76.0 %), p <0.05) and decrease of sperm DNA fragmentation level (9 % (5.5–20.0 %) vs 25 % (18–33 %), p <0.05) were observed. DHA supplementation also resulted in statistically significant increase in motility (17 % (10–23 %) vs 6 % (5.0–10.5 %), p <0.05) and vitality (41 % (32.5–53.0 %) vs 37 % (30–49 %), p <0.05) after a sperm cryotolerance test in that subgroup.Conclusion.DHA supplementation therapy increases motility, vitality, sperm cryotolerance and decreases sperm DNA fragmentation regardless of the presence of an inflammatory process in male accessory glands.
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy as an alternative method for quantitative assessment of mineral bone density
Authors: Ivantsova A. S. , Menshchikov P. E. , Polyakova U. A. , Manzhurtsev A. V. , Ublinskiy M. V. , Akhadov T. A. , Kupriyanov D. A. , Semenova N. A. 
Published: February 2021

Aims: 1) To evaluate an association between the fat fraction (FF) and bone mineral density (BMD) measured by localized proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) and quantitative computed tomography (QCT) densitometry, respectively, in healthy vertebrae of children after a compression fracture; 2) To compare the FF and BMD values with the severity of the compression vertebrae fractures.Materials and methods: Twenty (20) patients (aged 11.1±2.1 years) with a trauma-induced compression vertebral fractures participated in the study. The BMD of L3, L4 vertebrae (mg/cm3) was measured in by QCT (Philips Brilliance 16). FF in the same area was measured from 1H-MR-spectra (STEAM, echo time (TE)=12.8 ms, repetition time (TR)=3000 ms, voxel size=20×15×10 mm) using Philips Achieva TX 3.0T MRI scanner.Results: Correlation analysis revealed a significant inverse linear correlation (r=-0.55, p=0.0004) between FF and BMD of L3 и L4 vertebrae. In addition, in the patients with severe compression vertebral fracture (more than 2 fractured vertebrae) there was a significant increase in FF values and a BMD decrease, compared to the values in the patients with mild fractures (1–2 fractured vertebrae).Conclusion: The correlation suggests that the increase of FF in the bone marrow and the decrease of BMD in children go in parallel. Therefore, 1H-MRS could be an alternative to QCT and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The absence of radiation load allows for recommendation to use 1Н-MRS for screening and follow-up, as well as for the control of BMD.