bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CONTEMPT OF COURT IN INDONESIAN REGULATION
Authors: Rozikin Opik 
Published: January 2021

Abstract: Contempt of court is often an interesting topic of discussion, one of which is in the national legal development program, this is inseparable from the rampant phenomenon of actions that are considered to injure the authority of the judicial institutions in Indonesia. The provisions of the contempt of court that were previously foreign indeed contained in the explanation of Law No. 14 of 1985 concerning the Supreme Court paragraph 4 paragraph 4 does not meet the expectations of the Indonesian people, because there is no follow up and more concrete arrangements regarding the Contempt of Court. Whereas the idea of ​​forming a law concerning the Contempt of Court has become part of the 2002 legal policy mandated by Law No. 25 of 2000 concerning the National Law Development Program. The Indonesian criminal justice system is included in the Non Adversary Model system. Judges have broad responsibilities in carrying out the trial process. Contempt of court arrangements are spread in the Criminal Code, Criminal Procedure Code, and several laws and regulations in Indonesia.
Abstrak: Contempt of court sering menjadi bahan perbincangan menarik, salah satunya dalam program pembangunan hukum nasional, hal ini tidak terlepas dari maraknya fenomena tindakan yang dianggap mencederai kewibawaan institusi peradilan di Indonesaia. Ketentuan Contempt of Court yang dahulu asing memang telah termuat dalam penjelasan Undang Undang No. 14 Tahun 1985 Tentang Mahkamah Agung butir 4 alinea ke-4 tidak sesuai dengan harapan bangsa Indonesia, dikarenakan tidak ada tindak lanjut dan pengaturan yang lebih konkret tentang Contempt of Court tersebut. Padahal ide pembentukan undang undang tentang Contempt of court ini, telah menjadi bagian dari kebijakan hukum tahun 2002 sebagaimana yang diamanahkan Undang Undang No. 25 Tahun 2000 tentang Program Pembangunan Hukum Nasional. Sistem peradilan pidana Indonesia termasuk kedalam sistem Non Adversary Model. Hakim memiliki tanggung jawab yang luas dalam menjalankan proses persidangan. Pengaturan Contempt of court tersebar dalam KUHP, KUHAP, dan beberapa peraturan perundang-undangan di Indoneisa.
Insights into a remote cryosphere: a multi-method approach to assess permafrost occurrence at the Qugaqie basin, western Nyainqêntanglha Range, Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Buckel Johannes , Reinosch Eike , Hördt Andreas , Zhang Fan , Riedel Björn , Gerke Markus , Schwalb Antje , Mäusbacher Roland 
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Permafrost as a climate-sensitive parameter and its occurrence and
distribution play an important role in the observation of global warming.
However, field-based permafrost distribution data and information on the
subsurface ice content in the large area of the southern mountainous Tibetan
Plateau (TP) are very sparse. Existing models based on boreholes and remote
sensing approaches suggest permafrost probabilities for most of the Tibetan
mountain ranges. Field data to validate permafrost models are generally
lacking because access to the mountain regions in extreme altitudes is
limited. The study provides geomorphological and geophysical field data from
a north-orientated high-altitude catchment in the western
Nyainqêntanglha Range. A multi-method approach combines (A)
geomorphological mapping, (B) electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) to
identify subsurface ice occurrence and (C) interferometric synthetic
aperture radar (InSAR) analysis to derive multi-annual creeping rates. The
combination of the resulting data allows an assessment of the lower
occurrence of permafrost in a range of 5350 and 5500 m above sea level
(a.s.l.) in the Qugaqie basin. Periglacial landforms such as rock glaciers
and protalus ramparts are located in the periglacial zone from 5300–5600 m a.s.l. The altitudinal periglacial landform distribution is supported
by ERT data detecting ice-rich permafrost in a rock glacier at 5500 m a.s.l.
and ice lenses around the rock glacier (5450 m a.s.l.). The highest
multiannual creeping rates up to 150 mm yr−1 are typically observed on these
rock glaciers. This study closes the gap of unknown state of periglacial
features and potential permafrost occurrence in a high-elevated basin in the
western Nyainqêntanglha Range (Tibetan Plateau).
Emotional Intelligence of Kindergarten Principals in Amman
Authors: Al-Yamani Abdul-Raouf Hamid 
Published: January 2021

This study aimed to reveal the level of emotional intelligence and its dimensions: self-awareness, emotional management, empathy, and social skills, as well as revealing the significant differences in the degrees of emotional intelligence and its dimensions that are attributed to experience, educational level, and social status among kindergarten administrators in Amman. A scale of emotional intelligence was prepared to ensure validity and reliability to achieve the objectives of the study, and it was applied to a sample of (136) female managers. After using the arithmetic averages, the one-way analysis of variance, and the (T) test, the results are as follows:
-&nbsp;The level of emotional intelligence of the female managers was high.
-&nbsp;Significant differences were found in the overall degree of emotional intelligence and its dimensions attributable to more experienced managers&#39; experience.
-&nbsp;There were no significant differences in the overall degree of emotional intelligence and its dimensions due to the educational level.
-&nbsp;There were no significant differences in the overall degree of emotional intelligence and its dimensions due to social status.
COMPARISON OF CEPHALOMETRIC CRANIOFACIAL FEATURES AND FACIAL PHOTOGRAPHIC FEATURES FOR TWO GENERATIONS OF PATIENTS
Authors: MIRDEHGHAN Dr NASIM , SHARIF Dr KANAAN , KALIA DR AJIT , MIRDEHGHAN Dr MASOUD , MIRDEHGHAN DR KAZEM , KHAN NAJNEEN NOORMOHAMMED 
Published: January 2021

Objective: To estimate the correlation and variant heritability values of craniofacial variables between parents and their offspring. Materials and Methods: The sample comprised 20 Indian families; each family consisted of father, mother, son, and daughter. Lateral cephalometric radiographs and facial photographs were taken for each family member.Fifty -three angular, linear, and proportional cephalometric variables were measured and photographic analysis was done. Interfamilial correlations and heritability (h2) values were estimated among father-son, father-daughter,mother-son, and mother-daughter pairings. Results: The most similar angular measurements between parents and offspring were as follows:SNA0,SNB0 ,ANB0 ,FMA0, MP-FH0 , LI-NB0, Op-FH0 ,UI-NA0 , OP-SN0, LI-NB0 and The most similar linear measurements were as follows: Co-Pt.A,Co-Gn, N- ANS, , UI-A, Me-Me’,LI-A.Pog, Mx 1 exposure. Both the correlation coefficients and the heritable values were stronger in the father-offspring than the mother-offspring pairings. Conclusions: The overall correlation and h2 mean values for the three types of measurements showed stronger values in the father-offspring than the mother-offspring groups, with the father –son pairings more significant than the father-daughter groups. KEY WORDS: Cephalometrics; Heritability; Facial photographs; Craniofacial features; Offspring.
Comparison of Transversal Effects of Different Expansion Protocols: Alt-RAMEC versus RME
Authors: Kale Burak , Büyükçavuş Muhammed Hilmi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study is evaluate the transversal effects of the Alt-RAMEC(Alternate Rapid Maxillary Expansion and Constriction) protocol on both craniofacial and dentoalveolar structures and to compare the transversal effects of the RME(Rapid Maxillary Expansion) protocol.
Materials and Methods
In our archive, selected patients were divided into two groups. Group 1 included 22 patients(12boys,10girls, mean age 11.61±2.11years) who had been treated with 5 weeks of Alt-RAMEC. Group 2 comprised 21 patients(11boys,10girls, mean age 11.66±1.23years) who had been treated with 1 week of RME. Transversal measurements were also performed on the study models pre-(T0) and post-treatment(T1) with digital caliper. Internasal, interzygomatic, interjugular and intergonial width measurements were made on posteroanterior radiographs. The initial measurements and the mean changes within the groups were analysed using a student’s t test.
Results
According to the results of the study, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of chronological age, gender distribution and initial values. The expansion protocols showed a statistically significant increase in the widths of intercanine, interpremolar, intermolar and alveolar base widths in the maxilla(p<0.05). No statistically significant changes were observed in both groups(p>0.05) in mandible. The changes in maxillary intercanine, interpremolar widths between the two groups were statistically significant(p<0.05). In the posteroanterior measurements, only statistically significant difference was found between the groups in internasal width(p<0.05).
Conclusions
Alt-RAMEC and RME protocols are effective treatment protocols for correction of transverse deficiency in growing patients. 5-weeks Alt-RAMEC protocol significantly increased intercanine and interpremolar widths compared to 1-week RME.
Clinical Relevance
Since there are no studies in the literature comparing the effects of two different expansion protocols in the transverse direction, this is both the first. Most importantly, clinicians will see which of these two protocols is more singular in the treatment of transversal problems.
Keywords: RME, Alt-RAMEC, tranversal measurements
Procedimentos analíticos em perícia ambiental: fracionamento de soluções
Authors: Souza Camilo Pinto de , Silva Cleber Vinicius Vitorio da , Lima Evandro , Lins Gustavo Aveiro , Almeida Josimar Ribeiro de , Aguiar Lais Alencar de , Pereira Raphael do Couto 
Published: January 2021

O fracionamento pode ser dos tipos: fracionamento de soluções sólido-sólido, fracionamento de soluções sólido-gás, fracionamento de soluções líquido-líquido, fracionamento de soluções líquido-gás, fracionamento de soluções gás-gás. O fracionamento de soluções sólido-sólido envolve: dissolução fracionada e eletrólise fracionada. Por sua vez o fracionamento de soluções sólido-líquido contempla destilação simples, cristalização fracionada, extração fracionada e precipitação fracionada. O fracionamento de soluções líquido-líquido inclui: destilação fracionada, solidificação fracionada e extração fracionada. O fracionamento de soluções gás-gás contém liquefação fracionada, difusão fracionada, adsorção seletiva, dissolução fracionada e destilação fracionada.
Sustentabilidade ambiental: o papel da escola
Authors: Soares Simone Cesario , Signor Altevir 
Published: January 2021

A sociedade atual precisa criar mecanismos de desenvolvimento global baseado no respeito pela natureza, nos direitos humanos universais, na justiça econômica. A sustentabilidade vista a partir de uma conformidade entre a humanidade e a natureza, relacionado ao impacto das atividades econômicas no meio ambiente e dessa relação, a busca pela qualidade de vida dessa geração, e das futuras. Este artigo busca compreender o currículo escolar da educação básica atrelada a prática do ensino para a sustentabilidade, tendo em vista o mundo atual. Objetiva-se uma reflexão a respeito do currículo escolar, tendo em vista as transformações profundas promovidas, por novos meios de produção e por novas formas de pensar o mundo e das demandas educacionais, destacando o papel da educação no contexto ambiental na busca por uma aprendizagem para a vida, ou seja, para sustentabilidade ambiental e do nosso desenvolvimento sustentável.
Risk factors and predictors for tumor site origin in metastatic adenocarcinoma of unknown primary site
Authors: Li Xinrong , Shao Yan , Sheng Liqiang , Zhu Junquan , Wang Zeming , Guo Kaibo , Sun Leitao 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundMetastatic adenocarcinoma of unknown primary site (MACUP) is the most common cancer of unknown primary site, and shows worse prognosis. Prediction of its tumor site origin attracts a growing attention. However, the site determined by gene expression profiling does not have a significant impact on the survival. Some other special method might need to be found out.MethodsWe reviewed 1011 MACUP patients diagnosed by pathological examination and immunohistochemistry based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database during 2010–2016. Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard model were analyzed to compare the survival. Logistic regression models and relevant nomograms were performed to predicting the probability of the primary site which including digestive system, respiratory system, and female breast. The validation and clinical utility of models were measured with relevant statistical approaches.ResultsAbout 324 (32.1%), 299 (29.6%), and 203 (20.1%) of MACUP patients were identified as the primary sites of digestive system, respiratory system, and female breast, respectively. Patients derived from digestive system and respiratory system showed poorer survival than these with other sites. Digestive system was significantly associated with liver (Odds ratio =13.21 [95% confidence interval =8.48–21.02]) or lung (2.36 [1.40–3.97]) metastasis, while respiratory system was linked to brain (11.68 [6.68–21.26]) or lymph node (3.39 [2.26–5.13]) metastasis. Patients identified as female breast were prone to occur bone metastasis (5.85 [3.68–9.45]). Logistic regression nomograms were developed to help clinicians intuitively predict the probabilities of tumor site origin with 0.867, 0.824, and 0.753 of the C‐index, respectively. Decision curve analysis and clinical impact curves both revealed the clinical effectiveness.ConclusionsWe profiled different tumor site origin of MACUP patients and established prediction models. These features might be significant for clinicians to improve the probabilities of predicting the primary sites, and to decide subsequent treatment strategy.
Influence of Surface‐Modified Nanoparticles on the Hydrodynamics of Rising Bubbles
Authors: Fayzi Pouyan , Bastani Dariush , Lotfi Marzieh , Miller Reinhard 
Published: January 2021

AbstractLocal velocities of bubbles rising in four different nanosilica solutions were investigated experimentally. Also, the density, viscosity, and surface tension of fumed nanosilica and modified nanosilica solutions were measured. Heat treatment and chemical functionalization were used to modify the properties of silica nanoparticles. It was found that the addition of nanosilica affected the hydrodynamics of the rising bubble by increasing the drag friction at the interface. However, environmentally responsive nanosilica particles behaved like surfactant molecules, due to the interfacial activity of hydrophilic and hydrophobic chains. Silica nanoparticles coated with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic agents had a stronger effect on the interfacial properties than those coated only with the hydrophobic agent.
Amorphous Boron Dispersed in LaCoO3 with Large Oxygen Vacancies for Efficient Catalytic Propane Oxidation
Authors: Zheng Yingbin , Chen Yinye , Wu Enhui , Liu Xinping , Huang Baoquan , Xue Hun , Cao Changlin , Luo Yongjin , Qian Qingrong , Chen Qinghua 
Published: January 2021

AbstractUnsatisfactory oxygen mobility is a considerable barrier to the development of perovskites for low‐temperature volatile organic compounds (VOCs) oxidation. This work introduced small amounts of dispersed non‐metal boron into the LaCoO3 crystal through an easy sol‐gel method to create more oxygen defects, which are conducive to the catalytic performance of propane (C3H8) oxidation. It reveals that moderate addition of boron successfully induces a high distortion of the LaCoO3 crystal, decreases the perovskite particle size, and produces a large proportion of bulk Co2+ species corresponding to abundant oxygen vacancies. Additionally, surface Co3+ species, as the acid sites, which are active for cleaving the C−H bonds of C3H8 molecules, are enriched. As a result, the LCB‐7 (molar ratio of Co/B=0.93:0.07) displays the best C3H8 oxidation activity. Simultaneously, the above catalyst exhibits superior thermal stability against CO2 and H2O, lasting 200 h. This work provides a new strategy for modifying the catalytic VOCs oxidation performance of perovskites by the regulation of amorphous boron dispersion.
Temperature Dependence of 1H Paramagnetic Chemical Shifts in Actinide Complexes, Beyond Bleaney's Theory: The AnVIO22+–Dipicolinic Acid Complexes (An=Np, Pu) as an Example
Authors: Autillo Matthieu , Islam Md. Ashraful , Héron Julie , Guérin Laetitia , Acher Eleonor , Tamain Christelle , Illy Marie‐Claire , Moisy Philippe , Colineau Eric , Griveau Jean‐Christophe , Berthon Claude , Bolvin Hélène 
Published: January 2021

AbstractActinide +VI complexes (
=
,
and
) with dipicolinic acid derivatives were synthesized and characterized by powder XRD, SQUID magnetometry and NMR spectroscopy. In addition,
and
complexes were described by first principles CAS based and two‐component spin‐restricted DFT methods. The analysis of the 1H paramagnetic NMR chemical shifts for all protons of the ligands according to the X‐rays structures shows that the Fermi contact contribution is negligible in agreement with spin density determined by unrestricted DFT. The magnetic susceptibility tensor is determined by combining SQUID, pNMR shifts and Evans’ method. The SO‐RASPT2 results fit well the experimental magnetic susceptibility and pNMR chemical shifts. The role of the counterions in the solid phase is pointed out; their presence impacts the magnetic properties of the
complex. The temperature dependence of the pNMR chemical shifts has a strong
contribution, contrarily to Bleaney's theory for lanthanide complexes. The fitting of the temperature dependence of the pNMR chemical shifts and SQUID magnetic susceptibility by a two‐Kramers‐doublet model for the
complex and a non‐Kramers‐doublet model for the
complex allows for the experimental evaluation of energy gaps and magnetic moments of the paramagnetic center.
Chromogranin A‐positive hormone‐negative endocrine cells in pancreas in human pregnancy
Authors: Moin Abu Saleh Md , Zeng Kylie , Rizza Robert A. , Dhawan Sangeeta , Butler Alexandra E. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntroductionWe sought to determine whether chromogranin A‐positive hormone‐negative (CPHN) endocrine cells are increased in the pancreas of pregnant women, offering potential evidence in support of neogenesis.MethodsAutopsy pancreata from pregnant women (n = 14) and age‐matched non‐pregnant control women (n = 9) were obtained. Staining of pancreatic sections for chromogranin A, insulin and a cocktail of glucagon, somatostatin, pancreatic polypeptide and ghrelin was undertaken, with subsequent evaluation for CPHN cell frequency.ResultsThe frequency of clustered β‐cells was increased in pregnant compared to non‐pregnant subjects (46.6 ± 5.0 vs. 31.8 ± 5.0% clustered β‐cells of total clustered endocrine cells, pregnant vs. non‐pregnant, p < .05). Frequency of endocrine cocktail cells was lower in pregnant women than non‐pregnant women (36.2 ± 4.0 vs. 57.0 ± 6.8% clustered endocrine cocktail cells of total clustered endocrine cells, pregnant vs. non‐pregnant, p < .01). No difference in frequency of CPHN cells was found in islets, nor in clustered or single cells scattered throughout the exocrine pancreas, between pregnant and non‐pregnant women. The frequency of CPHN cells in pregnancy was independent of the number of pregnancies (gravidity).ConclusionsOur findings of no increase in CPHN cell frequency in pancreas of pregnant women suggest that this potential β‐cell regenerative mechanism is not that by which the increased β‐cell mass of pregnancy is achieved. However, an increase in the percentage of clustered β‐cells was found in pregnancy, with decreased frequency of other endocrine cells in clusters, suggesting a compensatory shift from other pancreatic endocrine cell types to β‐cells as a mechanism to meet the increased insulin demands of pregnancy.
Design, synthesis and mode of action of novel 3‐chloro‐6‐pyrazolyl picolinate derivatives as herbicide candidates
Authors: Yang Zhikun , Li Qibo , Yin Jiaming , Liu Ruiquan , Tian Hao , Duan Liusheng , Li Zhaohu , Wang Baomin , Tan Weiming , Liu Shangzhong 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDPicolinate/picolinic acid compounds are an important class of synthetic auxin herbicides. To explore the herbicidal activity of 6‐pyrazolyl picolinate compounds, a series of 3‐chloro‐6‐pyrazolyl‐picolinate derivatives was designed and synthesized.RESULTSTwenty‐five 3‐chloro‐6‐pyrazolyl‐picolinate derivatives synthesized were tested for herbicidal activity and the IC50 value of compound c5 to the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana root was 27 times lower than that of the commercial herbicide clopyralid. Compound c5 displayed better post‐emergence herbicidal activity and broader (Picloram, Clopyralid, Aminopyralid) herbicidal spectrum at a dosage of 400 g ha−1 in comparison with clopyralid; it also was safe to wheat and maize at this dosage. Arabidopsis thaliana phenotypes and expression of auxin‐response genes demonstrated that compound c5 might be a novel auxin‐type herbicide. Molecular docking analyses revealed that compound c5 had stronger binding ability to receptor AFB5 (auxin signaling F‐box protein 5) than clopyralid.CONCLUSIONThese 6‐pyrazolyl picolinate compounds could be used as potential lead structures for the discovery of a novel synthetic auxin herbicide. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
Impact of Moisture Flux and Vertical Wind Shear on Forecasting Extreme Rainfall Events in Nigeria
Authors: Olaniyan Olumide A. , Ajayi Vincent O. , Lawal Kamoru A. , Akeh Ugbah Paul 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis chapter investigates extreme rainfall events that caused flood during summer months of June–September 2010–2014. The aim is to determine the impact of horizontal moisture flux divergence (HMFD) and vertical wind shear on forecasting extreme rainfall events over Nigeria. Wind divergence and convective available potential energy (CAPE) were also examined to ascertain their threshold values during the events. The data used include rainfall observation from 40 synoptic stations across Nigeria, reanalyzed datasets from ECMWF at 0.125° × 0.125° resolution and the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) dataset at resolution of 0.25° × 0.25°. The ECMWF datasets for the selected days were employed to derive the moisture flux divergence, wind shear, and wind convergence. The derived meteorological parameters and the CAPE were spatially analyzed and superimposed on the precipitation obtained from the satellite data. The mean moisture flux and CAPE for some northern Nigerian stations were also plotted for 3 days prior to and 3 days after the storm. The result showed that HMFD and CAPE increased few days before the storm and peak on the day of the storms, and then declined afterwards. HMFD values above 1.0 × 10−6 g kg−1 s−1 is capable of producing substantial amount of rainfall mostly above 50 mm while wind shear has a much weaker impact on higher rainfall amount than moisture availability. CAPE above 1000 Jkg−1 and 1500 Jk−1 are favorable for convection over the southern and northern Nigeria, respectively. The study recommends quantitative analysis of moisture flux as a valuable short-term severe storm predictor and should be considered in the prediction of extreme rainfall.