bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continuous long‐term wireless measurement of right ventricular pressures and estimated diastolic pulmonary artery pressure in patients with severe COVID‐19 acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Gaertner Matthias , Glocker Raymond , Glocker Felix , Hopf Hans‐Bernd 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimsWe continuously monitored right ventricular pressures and the estimated diastolic pulmonary artery pressure (ePAD) for up to 30 days in mechanically ventilated patients with severe COVID‐19 acute respiratory distress syndrome in order to detect and treat right ventricular and pulmonary artery hypertension.Methods and ResultsWe retrospectively evaluated right ventricular pressures and the ePAD measured in 30 invasively ventilated COVID‐19 acute respiratory distress syndrome patients between 1 October 2020 and 31 March 2021. We divided the patients into two groups, survivors and non‐survivors based on their 60 day mortality. Primary outcome variables were the values of right ventricular pressures and the ePAD over time after insertion of the right ventricular probe.Right ventricular systolic pressure [RVSP, (IQR; 25th to 75th percentile)] was significantly lower on the first and the last measurement day in the survivors compared with the non‐survivors [Day 1: 38 (27–45) vs. 46 (44–49), P = 0.036; last day: 36 (27–44) vs. 51 (40–57) mmHg, P = 0.006]. 16/22 survivors and 7/8 non‐survivors received sildenafil orally, one survivor received additionally inhaled nitric oxide and one survivor and one non‐survivor each inhaled iloprost. On the last measurement day, both right ventricular pressure amplitude [31 (26–37) vs. 38 (35–47) mmHg, P = 0.027] and ePAD [22 (16–26) vs. 31 (23–34) mmHg, P = 0.043] were significantly lower in the survivors compared with the non‐survivors. Four patients in the survivor group developed excessive high RVSP in the course of their disease (peak: 57/61/78/105 mmHg). After sildenafil 20 mg every 8 h, additional inhaled nitric oxide (20 ppm) in one and additional inhaled iloprost 20 μg every 4 h in another patient RVSP consecutively decreased substantially in all four patients until the end of the measurement period (47/23/42/47 mmHg).ConclusionsThe RVSP and right ventricular pressure amplitude both were significantly lower in the survivors compared with those in the non‐survivors with a significant decrease in RVSP over time in the survivors suggesting successful lowering by pulmonary vasodilators. The ePAD as an indicator of left heart failure was significantly higher in non‐survivors compared to the surviving patients.
Integrating Ring‐Size Adjustable Cycloalkyl and Benzhydryl Groups as the Steric Protection in Bis(arylimino)trihydroquinoline‐Cobalt Catalysts for Ethylene Polymerization
Authors: Zhang Randi , Oleynik Irina V. , Li Jianqing , Solan Gregory A. , Ma Yanping , Jin Liqun , Oleynik Ivan I. , Hu Xinquan , Sun Wen‐Hua 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCombined condensation and complexation of 2‐acetyl‐5,6,7‐trihydroquinolin‐8‐one, cobalt(II) chloride and the corresponding aniline has been employed as an effective one‐pot route to the 2‐(1‐(arylimino)ethyl)‐8‐arylimino‐5,6,7‐trihydroquinoline‐cobalt(II) chlorides (aryl=2‐Me‐4‐(CHPh2)‐6‐(C5H9)C6H2 Co1, 2‐Me‐4‐(C5H9)‐6‐(CHPh2)C6H2 Co2, 2‐(C5H9)‐4‐Me‐6‐(CHPh2)C6H2 Co3, 2‐(C5H9)‐4,6‐(CHPh2)2C6H2 Co4, 2‐(C6H11)‐4,6‐(CHPh2)2C6H2 Co5, 2‐(C8H15)‐4,6‐(CHPh2)2C6H2 Co6, 2‐F‐4,6‐(CHPh2)2C6H2 Co7, 2‐Cl‐4,6‐(CHPh2)2C6H2 Co8, 2‐Me‐4,6‐(CHPh2)2C6H2 Co9). All complexes have been well characterized including by single crystal X‐ray diffraction for Co3. On activation with either MAO or MMAO, Co1 was the most active for ethylene polymerization with the MAO‐activated precatalyst reaching a peak level at 60 °C (up to 13.66×106 g (PE) mol−1(Co) h−1). By varying the electronic and steric properties of the ortho‐ and/or the para‐substituents of the N‐aryl groups, excellent control over molecular weight could be achieved with values falling in the range 0.97–101.63 kg mol−1 obtainable. Notably, with a benzhydryl group positioned on the ortho‐position of the N‐aryl group, a significant enhancement of the molecular weight was observed, while the least bulky ortho‐cyclopentyl substituent led to increased catalytic activity. As a final point, distinctive microstructural characteristics of the polyethylenes were observed with Co1/MAO producing near quantitative levels of vinyl end groups.
FeCl3‐Catalyzed Formal [3+2] Cyclodimerization of 4‐Carbonyl‐1,2‐diaza‐1,3‐dienes
Authors: Mari Giacomo , Corrieri Matteo , De Crescentini Lucia , Favi Gianfranco , Santeusanio Stefania , Mantellini Fabio 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSubstituted 1‐aminopyrroles are easily accessible by iron‐catalyzed cascade reaction of 1,2‐diaza‐1,3‐dienes. Mechanistically, a formal [3+2] cyclodimerization is hypothesized to proceed through a [4+2] cyclodimerization of 4‐substitued 1,2‐diaza‐1,3‐dienes followed by intramolecular ring closure to fused diaziridin‐pyrrolines which is successively opened to undergo a ring contraction process and consequently generate the desired pyrrole moiety. The presence of activated hydrogen in the terminal position of the azo‐enic moiety is crucial for the synthesis of pyrroles.
Graphene Defects in Saccharide Carbon Dots Govern Electrochemical Sensitivity
Authors: Chusuei Charles C. , Clark Christopher J. , Pandey Raja Ram , Williams Ethan T. , Shuxteau Carissa , Seven Elif S. , Leblanc Roger M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGalactose (Gal), lactose (Lac), and glucose (Glu) derived carbon dots (CDs) were evaluated for their utility as electrochemical sensing composites using acetaminophen (APAP) as a probe molecule. The goal of this work is to ascertain the role of graphene defects on electrochemical activity. Higher sp2‐to‐sp3 hybridized carbon ratios (in parentheses) in the CDs correlated with higher sensitivity in the order according to measured Raman IG/ID intensities: GluCDs (6.53)<LacCDs (9.30)<GalCDs (10.18). A dynamic measurement in the 0–2.0 mmol dm−3 APAP range at pH=7.0 was achieved, suitable for practical APAP toxicity monitoring. Defect density within the GalCDs provided the highest sensitivity.
Initiation mechanisms of radial drilling‐fracturing considering shale hydration and reservoir dip
Authors: Chen Yuxin , Ding Yunhong , Liang Chong , Zhu Dawei , Bai Yu , Zou Chunmei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRadial drilling‐fracturing is an innovative fracturing technology that achieves superior stimulation effects. This paper develops a model for radial drilling‐fracturing in shale reservoirs, which can predict fracture initiation pressure and failure mode of shale. Compared with published models, this model additionally considers shale hydration and inclinations of boreholes and reservoir. Then, the influences of 7 factors are studied and main conclusions are as follows. First, with the angle between radial borehole and formation strike increasing, matrix failure pressure declines only around 90° and 270°. Bedding tensile failure pressure ascends and then falls back. Bedding shear failure pressure rapidly descends, then reaches a plateau, and finally rebounds. A small or large angle is favorable for bedding tensile failure. Shale tends to crack with bedding shear failure under a moderate angle and with matrix failure only at 90° and 270°. Second, with the enlargement of azimuth difference between the radial borehole and main wellbore, matrix failure pressure periodically fluctuates, forming an inverted W‐shape curve. Bedding tensile failure pressure and bedding shear failure pressure both ascend, then slide downward, and finally rise again. Besides, a small azimuth difference inclines shale to bedding shear failure, and the other failure modes tend to occur when azimuth difference is around 90°. Third, pressures required for all failure modes descend as the dip of shale formation increases. However, the difference in descending rate leads to that the increase of dip angle can incline shale to bedding shear failure. Besides, pressures required for bedding tensile failure and matrix failure decline linearly with the increasing reservoir temperature. Temperature has no impact on bedding shear failure. Hence, matrix failure and bedding tensile failure are more prone to occur in the high‐temperature reservoir. The research provides a reference for field applications of radial drilling‐fracturing in the shale reservoir.
Microscopic characteristics of water invasion and residual gas distribution in carbonate gas reservoirs
Authors: Chen Pengyu , Liu Huiqing , Zhao Hailong , Guo Chunqiu , Xing Yuzhong , Cheng Muwei , Shi Haidong , Zhang Liangjie , Li Yunzhu , Su Penghui 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe used the nuclear magnetic resonance online detection method to analyze the water invasion mechanism and residual gas distribution of a carbonate rock gas reservoir. The T2 spectra obtained by using the Carr‐Purcell‐Meiboom‐Gill (CPMG) pulse sequence were applied to characterize the invasion water and residual gas distribution. The results showed that (a) in the pore‐type gas reservoir, the water first invades the meso–macropores and then the small pores as the pressure decreases further. The fracture distribution in a fracture‐pore‐type gas reservoir has an effect on the water invasion mode. The water can enter the pores through the fracture wall after the water invades the fracture. (b) In the pore‐type gas reservoir, 37.7% of the residual gas resides in the small pores, while the rest resides in the macropores. While in the fracture‐pore‐type gas reservoir, 4.8% ~ 26.8% of the residual gas is in the smaller pores and 69.2% ~ 95.7% in the macropores. Barely, any residual gas resides in the fractures. The residual gas in the small pores is difficult to produce. (c) The residual gas is controlled by the fracture penetration, amount of bottom water, fracture width, and production rate. It is suggested the production rate decreased to induce the water to invade the meso–macropores after the gas well begins to produce water to reduce the amount of residual gas in the meso–macropores.
Quality improvement intervention to reduce time to postoperative radiation in head and neck free flap patients
Authors: Voora Rohith S. , Stramiello Joshua A. , Sumner Whitney A. , Finegersh Andrey , Mohammadzadeh Amir , Fouania John , Ramsey Celia , Blumenfeld Liza , Sacco Assuntina G. , Mell Loren K. , Califano Joseph A. , Orosco Ryan K. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundBest‐practice guidelines for head and neck cancer patients advise postoperative radiation therapy (PORT) initiation within 6 weeks of surgery. We report our institutional experience improving timeliness of adjuvant radiation in free‐flap patients.MethodsThirty‐nine patients met inclusion criteria in the 2017–2019 study period. We divided into “Early” (n = 19) and “Late” (n = 20) time‐period groups to compare performance over time. The primary endpoint was time to PORT initiation, with success defined as <6 weeks.ResultsThe number of patients achieving timely PORT improved from 10.5% in the Early group to 50.0% in the Late group (p = 0.014). Patients undergoing concurrent adjuvant chemoradiation were more likely to meet the PORT target in the Late group (p = 0.012).ConclusionsWe ascribe this quality improvement in free‐flap patients to increased communication among multidisciplinary care teams, proactive consultation referrals, and a targeted patient‐navigator intervention. Though work is needed to further improve performance, insight gained from our experience may benefit other teams.
Ductular reaction promotes intrahepatic angiogenesis through Slit2–Roundabout 1 signaling
Authors: Coll Mar , Ariño Silvia , Martínez‐Sánchez Celia , Garcia‐Pras Ester , Gallego Javier , Moles Anna , Aguilar‐Bravo Beatriz , Blaya Delia , Vallverdú Julia , Rubio‐Tomás Teresa , Lozano Juan Jose , Pose Elisa , Graupera Isabel , Fernández‐Vidal Andrea , Pol Albert , Bataller Ramón , Geng Jian‐Guo , Ginès Pere , Fernandez Mercedes , Sancho‐Bru Pau 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background and Aims
Ductular reaction (DR) expands in chronic liver diseases and correlates with disease severity. Besides its potential role in liver regeneration, DR plays a role in the wound‐healing response of the liver, promoting periductular fibrosis and inflammatory cell recruitment. However, there is no information regarding its role in intrahepatic angiogenesis. In the current study we investigated the potential contribution of DR cells to hepatic vascular remodeling during chronic liver disease.

Approach and Results
In mouse models of liver injury, DR cells express genes involved in angiogenesis. Among angiogenesis‐related genes, the expression of Slit2 and its receptor Roundabout 1 (Robo1) was localized in DR cells and neoangiogenic vessels, respectively. The angiogenic role of the Slit2–Robo1 pathway in chronic liver disease was confirmed in ROBO1/2−/+ mice treated with 3,5‐diethoxycarbonyl‐1,4‐dihydrocollidine, which displayed reduced intrahepatic neovascular density compared to wild‐type mice. However, ROBO1/2 deficiency did not affect angiogenesis in partial hepatectomy. In patients with advanced alcohol‐associated disease, angiogenesis was associated with DR, and up‐regulation of SLIT2–ROBO1 correlated with DR and disease severity. In vitro, human liver‐derived organoids produced SLIT2 and induced tube formation of endothelial cells.

Conclusions
Overall, our data indicate that DR expansion promotes angiogenesis through the Slit2–Robo1 pathway and recognize DR cells as key players in the liver wound‐healing response.
Recurrent urinary retention due to clots caused by a congenital renal arteriovenous malformation that forms a complex vascular network: Report of two cases
Authors: Ishii Makoto , Nakata Wataru , Horibe Yuki , Tsujimura Go , Tsujimoto Yuichi , Nin Mikio , Tsujihata Masao 
Published: September 2021

IntroductionRepeated urinary retention due to clots caused by congenital renal arteriovenous malformation is rare.Case presentationA 40‐year‐old woman (case 1) and a 66‐year‐old man (case 2) experienced recurrent urinary retention due to clots. Neither patient had a history of renal trauma nor was taking any medications. Contrast‐enhanced abdominal computed tomography revealed a large hematoma in the renal pelvis and ureter with no masses, stones, or vascular lesions and only dilated blood vessels in the arterial phase in case 1. Angiography of the kidney in both patients revealed an arteriovenous malformation, and embolization of the arteries feeding the arteriovenous malformation was performed. Soon after embolization, hematuria disappeared completely with no recurrence for 5 years in case 1 and 2 years in case 2.ConclusionCongenital renal arteriovenous malformation should be considered as a cause of recurrent clot retention, and angiographic embolization of the feeding arteries can be an effective treatment.
Hearing and Balance Exceed Initial Bone Mineral Density in Predicting Incident Fractures: A 25‐Year Prospective Observational Study in Menopausal Women With Osteoporosis
Authors: Dotevall Annika , Krantz Emily , Barrenäs Marie‐Louise , Landin‐Wilhelmsen Kerstin 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTHearing and balance deteriorate, and fracture incidence increases with age, especially in women. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether impaired hearing and body balance are stronger predictors of fractures than bone mass. Between 1995 and 1997, 80 women, aged 50 to 70 years, with primary osteoporosis, taking menopausal hormone therapy, mainly for menopausal symptoms, participated in a double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled study of treatment with growth hormone versus placebo. All women received calcium 750 mg and vitamin D 400 U daily. They were then examined yearly until 2007 and followed up by registers until 2020. Hearing was assessed by audiometry. Body balance and fine motor function were tested according to the Bruininks‐Oseretsky test. Bone properties were measured with DXA. Data on fractures were derived from the Gothenburg Hospital register. Over the 25‐year follow‐up, 50 women (63%) sustained 104 fractures, most often related to accidental falls. Thoracic and lumbar spine fractures were most common (36%). Other fractures occurred in the pelvis (14%), humerus (14%), hip (11%), and wrist (10%). Hearing impairment at baseline, measured as pure tone average‐high (p = 0.007), pure tone average‐mid (p = 0.003), and speech‐recognition score (p = 0.025), was associated with a subsequent first fracture, as were worse body balance (p = 0.004), upper limb coordination (p = 0.044), and higher running‐speed agility (p = 0.012). After adjustment for age and BMD, pure tone average‐high (p = 0.036), pure tone average‐mid (p = 0.028), and body balance (p = 0.039) were still significantly associated with incident fractures. Bone mineral content, BMD, and treatment at baseline were not associated with subsequent fracture. In conclusion, hearing and body balance at baseline exceeded initial BMD in predicting incident fractures in osteoporotic women regardless of treatment during 25‐year follow‐up. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
The SFRP1 Inhibitor WAY-316606 Attenuates Osteoclastogenesis Through Dual Modulation of Canonical Wnt Signaling
Authors: Ma Qingliang , Wang Shiyu , Xie Ziang , Shen Yang , Zheng Bingjie , Jiang Chao , Yuan Putao , Yu Congcong , Li Liangping , Zhao Xiangde , Chen Junxin , Qin An , Fan Shunwu , Jie Zhiwei 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
Osteoporosis, a noteworthy age-related disease induced by imbalanced osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis, is a serious economic burden on both individuals and society. Small molecule drugs with dual effects on both bone resorption and mineralization are pressingly needed. Secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1), a well-known extracellular repressor of canonical Wnt signaling, has been reported to regulate osteogenesis. Global SFRP1 knockout mice show significantly elevated bone mass. Although osteoclasts (OCs) express and secrete SFRP1, the role of SFRP1 produced by OCs in osteoclastogenesis and osteoporosis remains unclear. In this work, the levels of SFRP1 were found to be increased in patients with osteoporosis compared with healthy controls. Pharmacological inhibition of SFRP1 by WAY-316606 (WAY)- attenuated osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption in vitro. The expressions of OC-specific genes were suppressed by the SFRP1 inhibitor, WAY. Mechanistically, both extracellular and intracellular SFRP1 could block activation of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, and WAY reverse the silent status of canonical Wnt through dual effects, leading to osteoclastogenesis inhibition and osteogenesis promotion. Severe osteopenia was observed in the ovariectomized (OVX) mouse model, and WAY treatment effectively improved the OVX-induced osteoporosis. In summary, this work found that SFRP1 supports OC differentiation and function, which could be attenuated by WAY through dual modulation of canonical Wnt signaling, suggesting its therapeutic potential. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Multiscale characterization of pathological bone tissue
Authors: Eren E. Deniz , Nijhuis Wouter H. , van der Weel Freek , Dede Eren Aysegul , Ansari Sana , Bomans Paul H.H. , Friedrich Heiner , Sakkers Ralph J. , Weinans Harrie , de With Gijsbertus 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTBone is a complex natural material with a complex hierarchical multiscale organization, crucial to perform its functions. Ultrastructural analysis of bone is crucial for our understanding of cell to cell communication, the healthy or pathological composition of bone tissue, and its three‐dimensional (3D) organization. A variety of techniques has been used to analyze bone tissue. This article describes a combined approach of optical, scanning electron, and transmission electron microscopy for the ultrastructural analysis of bone from the nanoscale to the macroscale, as illustrated by two pathological bone tissues. By following a top‐down approach to investigate the multiscale organization of pathological bones, quantitative estimates were made in terms of calcium content, nearest neighbor distances of osteocytes, canaliculi diameter, ordering, and D‐spacing of the collagen fibrils, and the orientation of intrafibrillar minerals which enable us to observe the fine structural details. We identify and discuss a series of two‐dimensional (2D) and 3D imaging techniques that can be used to characterize bone tissue. By doing so we demonstrate that, while 2D imaging techniques provide comparable information from pathological bone tissues, significantly different structural details are observed upon analyzing the pathological bone tissues in 3D. Finally, particular attention is paid to sample preparation for and quantitative processing of data from electron microscopic analysis.
Application of the analytical quality by design principles to the development of a qualitative surface‐enhanced Raman scattering method: A proof of concept
Authors: Deidda Riccardo , Avohou Hermane T. , Dumont Elodie , Hubert Cédric , Hubert Philippe , De Bleye Charlotte , Ziemons Éric 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAnalytical quality by design (AQbD) is a systematic approach that allows developing analytical methods in a more science‐based way, due to the higher quality of information collected during the development process. However, its application remains limited to the development of separation methods. (i.e., liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis). Its application to spectroscopic techniques remains underexplored, despite the potential benefits. The aim of this work was to demonstrate the application of the AQbD principles to surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) method development, detailing each step characterizing this approach. First, crystal violet (CV) was chosen as a model compound and the analytical target profile was defined. Risk assessment was performed to individuate the critical method parameters. The intensity of the CV band at 1175 cm−1 was selected as critical method attribute to be modeled and maximized. A screening study was conducted to study 11 aggregation agents (AAs) at different concentration levels (range 0.010–1 M) and in two solvent media (aqueous and methanolic). The two AAs exhibiting the strongest signal, one for each medium, were retained. Once these parameters were fixed, an I‐optimal design was applied to optimize the entire analysis process. Here, the volumes of nanoparticle suspension and AA solution added to the SERS samples were simultaneously varied. Two method operable design regions, one for each medium, were computed using a Bayesian design space approach. The latter enabled evaluating the failure risk associated to each experimental condition explored and choosing those that best fit the analytical purpose in the experimental domain.