bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA PARA ADEQUAÇÃO DE UMA METODOLOGIA DE DETECÇÃO DO MICROPLÁSTICO NA GOMA E ÁGUAS RESIDUÁRIAS RESULTANTES DO PROCESSO DE BENEFICIAMENTO DA MANDIOCA
Authors: Ribeiro Marina Pereira , Oliveira Mariana Mendes Costa , Santos Nayara De Santana , Valentim Alessandra Cristina Silva 
Published: February 2021

<p>O Brasil apresenta um alto cultivo de raiz de mandioca, que além de ser usada para consumo <em>in natura</em>, possui diversos produtos derivados, dentre os quais se destacam a farinha e a goma. O processo de beneficiamento da mandioca gera um subproduto denominado manipueira, um efluente líquido considerado uma substância poluidora, por conter níveis de toxicidade superiores aos do esgoto doméstico. Devido ao uso de materiais plásticos no processo produtivo de derivados da mandioca, existe a possibilidade da presença de microplásticos tanto nos produtos quanto no referido subproduto. Este estudo teve como objetivo definir metodologias mais adequadas para a detecção de microplásticos em amostras da goma e da manipueira. O método para alcançar este intento foi uma revisão bibliográfica das metodologias utilizadas para águas residuárias e sedimentos. A revisão dessas metodologias resultou em uma adaptação, que este estudo traz como uma proposta de um procedimento analítico que envolve etapas de amostragem, extração, quantificação e controle da qualidade. Espera-se que, após a sua validação através de ensaios interlaboratoriais, a metodologia proposta mostre altas eficiências de detecção de microplásticos, contribuindo para avanços científicos na área.</p><p> </p><p align="center">BIBLIOGRAPHIC REVIEW TO ADEQUATE A METHODOLOGY FOR DETECTION OF MICROPLASTICS IN GUM AND WASTEWATER RESULTING FROM THE CASSAVA BENEFIT PROCESS</p><p>Brazil has a high cultivation of cassava root, which in addition to being used for fresh consumption has several derivative products, among which flour and gum stand out. The process of processing cassava generates a by-product called cassava wastewater, a liquid effluent considered a polluting substance, as it contains higher levels of toxicity than domestic sewage. Due to the use of plastic materials in the production process of cassava derivatives, there is the possibility of the presence of microplastics both in the products and in the referred by-product. This study aimed to define more appropriate methodologies for the detection of microplastics in gum and cassava wastewater samples. The method to achieve this goal was a literature review of the methodologies used for wastewater and sediments. The revision of these methodologies resulted in an adaptation, which this study brings as a proposal for an analytical procedure that involves sampling, extraction, quantification and quality control steps. It is expected that, after its validation through interlaboratory tests, the proposed methodology will show high efficiency of detection of microplastics, contributing to scientific advances in the area.</p>
Spatiotemporal Magnetocaloric Microenvironment for Guiding the Fate of Biodegradable Polymer Implants
Authors: Hao Lili , Li Jiaxiang , Wang Peng , Wang Zongliang , Wu Zhenxu , Wang Yu , Jiao Zixue , Guo Min , Shi Tongfei , Wang Qigang , Ito Yoshihiro , Wei Yen , Zhang Peibiao 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe degradation behavior of implants is significantly important for bone repair. However, it is still unprocurable to spatiotemporally regulate the degradation of the implants to match bone ingrowth. In this paper, a magneto‐controlled biodegradation model is established to explore the degradation behavior of magnetic scaffolds in a magnetothermal microenvironment generated by an alternating magnetic field (AMF). The results demonstrate that the scaffolds can be heated by magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) under AMF, which dramatically accelerated scaffold degradation. Especially, magnetic NPs modified by oleic acid with a better interface compatibility exhibit a greater heating efficiency to further facilitate the degradation. Furthermore, the molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the enhanced motion correlation between magnetic NPs and polymer matrix can accelerate the energy transfer. As a proof‐of‐concept, the feasibility of magneto‐controlled degradation for implants is demonstrated, and an optimizing strategy for better heating efficiency of nanomaterials is provided, which may have great instructive significance for clinical medicine.
Interface Engineering of Perovskite/Hole Transport Layer Using Nano‐Network Formation in Small Molecule–Polymer Blend for Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Lee Sung Hun , Hong Seungyeon , Lee Hyun Hwi , Kim Hyo Jung 
Published: February 2021

AbstractInterface engineering is critical for reducing trap states present in various device interfaces and improving the efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This study introduces the blending effect of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) into metal‐phthalocyanine−tetrasulfonated acid tetrasodium salt (TS‐MPc) used as a hole transport layer (HTL) in organic–inorganic hybrid PSCs. PEDOT:PSS with a low pH induces the self‐assembly and formation of mesh‐like nano‐networks in a TS‐MPc layer, which is confirmed by atomic force microscopy and elemental mapping using energy‐dispersive spectroscopy. Compared with pure TS‐MPc, nano‐networked TS‐MPc with PEDOT:PSS exhibits higher crystallinity by grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering. The nano‐network formation contributes to ≈30% enhancement in the power conversion efficiency (14.65%) of device with PEDOT:PSS‐assisted TS‐CuPc as HTL, compared with device using conventional PEDOT:PSS (11.02%). In addition, the device with PEDOT:PSS‐assisted TS‐MPc shows a significant improvement in stability owing to the reduced pH of the HTL compared with the device using pristine PEDOT:PSS.
The Different Roles of Cobalt and Manganese in Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Supercapacitors
Authors: Iqbal Rashid , Sultan Muhammad Qaisar , Hussain Sabir , Hamza Mathar , Tariq Ayesha , Akbar Muhammad Bilal , Ma Yingjie , Zhi Linjie 
Published: February 2021

AbstractConductive metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising electrode materials for supercapacitors (SCs) because of their tunable structures, high specific surface areas, and superior conductivity. However, it remains challenging to develop conductive MOFs for organic SCs and the role of metal ions in the electrochemical performance of MOFs is still unclear but is shown to be a key factor in determining MOFs performance. Herein, two high‐performance ultra‐thin redox conductive 2D MOFs (>6000 S m−1) for SCs are prepared, and the effects of metal ions on the capacitive performance of MOF electrodes are investigated. Co2+ and Mn2+ with the same ligand provide two MOFs featuring almost the same structures and specific surface areas but show great differences in electrochemical performance except that both MOFs exhibit outstanding electrochemical performance and good cycling stability with a capacity retention of >85% after 10 000 cycles. Different metal ions endow the two MOFs with different redox behaviors, conductivities, and energy levels, where Co‐MOF shows superior specific capacity compared to Mn‐MOF. This work expands the possibility of the use of MOFs in SCs and gives insight into the roles of metal ions in MOFs.
Thermomagnetic Generation Performance of Gd and La(Fe, Si)13Hy/In Material for Low‐Grade Waste Heat Recovery
Authors: Ma Zhihui , Chen Haodong , Liu Xianliang , Xing Chengfen , Wu Meiling , Wang Yixu , Liu Peiran , Ou Zhiqiang , Shen Jun , Taskaev Sergey V. , Long Kewen , Long Yi , Zhang Hu 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe recovery of waste heat is urgently required to solve challenging energy and environmental issues. Thermomagnetic generation (TMG) technology using magnetic phase transition materials can realize the conversion of low‐grade waste heat into electrical energy. However, efficient TMG materials hold the key to the development of this technology. Herein, the TMG performance of La(Fe, Si)13Hy/In is studied in comparison with the benchmark material Gd systematically. The induced current I is related to the change rate of the average magnetization over time dM/dt according to Faraday's law. In addition, the location of TC in the working temperature range is an important factor affecting TMG performance. Due to the sharper magnetic transition, La(Fe, Si)13Hy/In presents a maximum intrinsic I of 9.12 µA g−1, ≈90% higher than that of Gd (4.82 µA g−1). Moreover, the average output electrical power density and cost performance of La(Fe, Si)13Hy/In are 0.42 mW m−3 and 0.102 nW USD−1, which are also significantly higher than those of Gd, 0.10 mW m−3 and 0.005 nW USD−1, respectively. In comparison with Gd, the present work suggests that the La(Fe, Si)13Hy/In possesses much higher potential in the field of low‐grade waste heat recovery.
Effect of microstructure induced by microcellular injection molding on electromagnetic interference shielding properties
Authors: Liu Ya , Guan Yanjin , Ye Xin , Li Xiping , Lin Jun 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPreparing lightweight and versatile products is the unremitting goal of industry to save resources and energy. Lightweight carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene (CF/PP) composite foams with high‐performance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials were fabricated by microcellular injection molding (MIM) technology. The average length and distribution of CF in CF/PP composite foams were examined. Thanks to the introduction of foaming process, the average CF length of composite foams was 33.98% longer than that of solids, which effectively enhanced the electrical conductivity and EMI shielding properties. The effect of shot size, gas content, and injection rate on the electrical conductivity and EMI properties was investigated. With melt shot size of 2/3 of the cavity volume, gas content of 0.5 wt% N2 and injection rate of 100 mm/s, optimal cellular structure of the composite material was obtained. The EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) reaches 36.94 dB, which is the highest value achieved by using MIM technology to the best of the authors' knowledge. In addition, the mechanical properties of cellular structure can still maintain good values, with the tensile strength and impact strength improved by 15.3% and 14.03%, respectively.
Ultra‐low degree of polymerization polyvinyl alcohol products prepared by oxidative chain scission: Method and mechanism
Authors: Song Xianni , Deng Jianguo , Zhang Junhua 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this paper, the high value‐added (ultra‐low degree of polymerization [ULDP]) polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) product was successfully prepared by oxidative chain scission method with sodium hypochlorite as an oxidant. When the molar ratio of PVA to NaClO is not less than 1:1.8, the reaction is stirred for several hours (≥2 h) at a temperature not exceeding 50°C. After precipitation and washing in methanol, PVA with polymerization degree of 38–150 can be obtained after drying. The infrared spectrum (IR) and nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum (1H‐NMR) test proved that the product obtained by this method is indeed PVA. The results of 1H‐NMR also showed that the chain broken has no selectivity and the stereoregularity of hydroxyl group did not change significantly. Through radical quenching experiment and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis, it is proved that OCl− is the main active oxide, ·Cl makes the oxidative chain scission process can be realized quickly, and ·OH is an indispensable factor for obtaining ULDP PVA. Under the combined action of these three, high value‐added PVA with ULDP was successfully prepared. Additionally, the sodium hypochlorite oxidized the ·OH captured by 5,5‐dimethyl‐1‐pyrroline‐n‐oxide (DMPO‐OH) to 2‐hydroxy‐5,s‐dimethyl‐1‐pyrroline‐N‐oxide (HDMPO‐OH) in an alkaline environment.
Discovery of novel triazolophthalazine derivatives as DNA intercalators and topoisomerase II inhibitors
Authors: Sakr Helmy , Ayyad Rezk R. , El‐Helby Ali A. , Khalifa Mohamed M. , Mahdy Hazem A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA new series of triazolophthalazine derivatives was designed and synthesized as topoisomerase II (Topo II) inhibitors and DNA intercalators. The synthesized derivatives were evaluated in vitro for their cytotoxic activities against three human cancer cell lines: HepG2, MCF‐7, and HCT‐116 cells. Compound IXb was the most potent counterpart with IC50 values of 5.39 ± 0.4, 3.81 ± 0.2, and 4.38 ± 0.3 µM, as it was about 1.47, 1.77, and 1.19 times more active than doxorubicin (IC50 = 7.94 ± 0.6, 6.75 ± 0.4, and 5.23 ± 0.3 µM) against HepG2, MCF‐7, and HCT‐116 cells, respectively. Additionally, the binding affinity of the synthesized compounds toward the DNA molecule was assessed using the DNA/methyl green assay. Compound IXb showed an excellent DNA binding affinity with an IC50 value of 27.16 ± 1.2 µM, which was better than that of the reference drug doxorubicin (IC50 = 31.02 ± 1.80 µM). Moreover, compound IXb was the most potent member among the tested compounds when investigated for their Topo II inhibitory activity. Furthermore, compound IXb induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells and arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase. Additionally, compound IXb showed Topo II poisoning effects at 2.5 μM and Topo II catalytic inhibitory effects at 5 and 10 μM. Finally, molecular docking studies were carried out against the DNA–Topo II complex and DNA, to investigate the binding patterns of the designed compounds.
A roadmap to strange star
Authors: Xu Renxin , Lai Xiaoyu , Xia Chengjun 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWhat if normal baryonic matter is compressed so tightly that atomic nuclei come into close contact? This question has been asked since 1930s. The first answer was presented by Lev Landau whose speculation has been developed, and the concept of neutron star is then popularized. However, another answer is related to strange star, which becomes worthy of attention especially after the establishment of the standard model of particle physics in 1960s. The basic ideas of this study are introduced pedagogically. We must point out emphatically that flavor symmetry and strong coupling between quarks would be essential in seeking true answer to the question. The final answer is expected to appear in the era of multimessenger astronomy. It is emphasized too that, besides the differences of global properties (e.g., mass‐radius relation, maximum mass, tidal deformability), the strong‐bound surface of strange star (rather than the gravity‐bound one for conventional neutron star) could play an important role in identifying a strange star by astronomical observations.
Investigation of the nature of a massive vector mediator for dark matter through e+e− collisions
Authors: Mateus Jr Marcio , Gil da Silveira Gustavo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOur work aims to investigate the interaction between fermions and dark matter (DM) particles in electron‐positron collisions through interaction of a new massive vector mediator, Z′. The production of scalar, fermionic, and vector DM pairs via electron‐positron annihilation into the new boson is investigated, evaluating the total cross section in the center‐of‐mass frame. As a result, the possible values of the coupling constants between the DM and the Standard Model of the Elementary Particles particles are mapped according to the exclusion limits obtained by the CMS and ATLAS experiments and the Planck satellite. We show that there are several possibilities for mass ranges of this new massive mediator and for the DM particles, which are not excluded by collider and astrophysical limits.
Noncanonical functions of the serine‐arginine‐rich splicing factor (SR) family of proteins in development and disease
Authors: Wagner Rebecca E. , Frye Michaela 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMembers of the serine/arginine (SR)‐rich protein family of splicing factors play versatile roles in RNA processing steps and are often essential for normal development. Dynamic changes in RNA processing and turnover allow fast cellular adaptions to a changing microenvironment and thereby closely cooperate with transcription factor networks that establish cell identity within tissues. SR proteins play fundamental roles in the processing of pre‐mRNAs by regulating constitutive and alternative splicing. More recently, SR proteins have also been implicated in other aspects of RNA metabolism such as mRNA stability, transport and translation. The‐ emerging noncanonical functions highlight the multifaceted functions of these SR proteins and identify them as important coordinators of gene expression programmes. Accordingly, most SR proteins are essential for normal cell function and their misregulation contributes to human diseases such as cancer.
Balloon versus self‐expandable transcatheter aortic valve implantation for bicuspid aortic valve stenosis: A meta‐analysis of observational studies
Authors: Sá Michel Pompeu B.O. , Simonato Matheus , Van den Eynde Jef , Cavalcanti Luiz Rafael P. , Alsagheir Ali , Tzani Aspasia , Fovino Luca Nai , Kampaktsis Polydoros N. , Gallo Michele , Laforgia Pietro L. , Ruhparwar Arjang , Weymann Alexander , Hirji Sameer A. , Kaneko Tsuyoshi , H. L. Tang Gilbert 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere is a rising trend for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in bicuspid aortic stenosis patients. Data on the use of self‐expandable (SEV) vs. balloon‐expandable (BEV) valves in these patients are scarce. Therefore, we systematically compared clinical outcomes in bicuspid aortic stenosis patients treated with SEV and BEV.MethodsData were extracted from PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL/CCTR, ClinicalTrials.gov, SciELO, LILACS, Google Scholar and reference lists of relevant articles. Eight studies published from 2013 to 2020 including a total of 1,080 patients (BEV: n = 620; SEV: n = 460) were selected. Primary endpoints were procedural, 30‐day and 1‐year mortality. Secondary endpoints were new pacemaker implantation, annular rupture, coronary obstruction, moderate‐to‐severe paravalvular leak, need of second valve, stroke and acute kidney injury.ResultsWe found no statistically significant difference in mortality between patients treated with BEV vs. SEV during index procedure, at 30 days and at 1 year. BEVs showed a statistically significant higher risk of annulus rupture (2.5%) in comparison with SEV (0%) (OR 5.81 [95% CI, 3.78–8.92], p < .001). New generation BEVs were also associated with significantly less paravalvular leak when compared to new generation SEVs (OR 0.08 [95% CI, 0.02–0.35], p = .001).ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis of observational studies of TAVI for bicuspid valves, showed no difference in short‐ and mid‐term TAVI mortality with BEVs and SEVs. BEVs presented a higher risk of annular rupture in comparison with SEV.
Resistance to thyroid hormone caused by heterozygous mutation of thyroid hormone receptor B gene c.G1378A: Report of one Chinese pedigree and literature review
Authors: Huang Bingkun , Liu Changqin , Xiao Fangsen , Huang Peiying , Zeng Jinyang , Chen Zheng , Lin Mingzhu , Li Xuejun 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe same thyroid hormone receptor B gene (THRB) mutation led to thyroid hormone resistance with different clinical manifestations in the kindreds.
Mixed Diffusion‐Kinetic Control of H2O2 Oxidation at an Oxide‐Covered Platinum Electrode in Alkaline Electrolyte: Implications for Oxygen Electroreduction Studies with a Rotating Ring Disk Electrode
Authors: Szwabińska Katarzyna , Lota Grzegorz 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe rotating ring disk electrode (RRDE) with a Pt ring is widely applied for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) studies, and it is generally believed that oxidation of H2O2 at the Pt ring is controlled by diffusion. Indeed, H2O2 oxidation at bare platinum is a diffusion‐controlled reaction. However, when Pt ring is held at 1.2 VRHE, it is being covered with surface oxide, and H2O2 oxidation turns into a reaction under mixed diffusion‐kinetic control. We show that, for H2O2 oxidation at an oxide‐covered Pt ring in 0.1 M KOH, the ratio of the empirical ring current to corresponding ring current under pure diffusion control varies monotonically with rotation rate. At 1.2 VRHE, the ratio is equal to 79.9 % and 61.4 % at 400 rpm and 2500 rpm, respectively. We demonstrate that this deviation prevents the correct diagnosis of ORR mechanism and leads to overestimated electron transfer number values. To eliminate the error in RRDE measurements, we employed a procedure based on the Koutecký‐Levich method, which, to our best knowledge, has not been reported yet.
Immunopurification of Mitochondria from Arabidopsis
Authors: Luo Lilan , He Yajun , Li Jiayang , Yu Hong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIsolation of mitochondria from plant tissues, especially green leaves, is particularly difficult because of chloroplast contamination. Compared to other techniques for purifying plant mitochondria, the immunopurification method has a number of advantages: it rapidly purifies the mitochondria within several minutes, avoids loss of mitochondrial metabolites, eliminates most other organelles (especially the chloroplasts), keeps the isolated mitochondria intact, requires little starting material, and has the potential to purify tissue‐specific mitochondria. Here, we describe a rapid immunopurification protocol for mitochondrial isolation that employs a protein specifically targeted to the outer mitochondrial membrane that acts as an immunopurification handle. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.This article was corrected on 19 July 2022. See the end of the full text for details.
The Clinical Significance of Hepatic CD69+CD103+CD8+ Resident‐Memory T Cells in Autoimmune Hepatitis
Authors: You Zhengrui , Li You , Wang Qixia , Zhao Zhibin , Li Yikang , Qian Qiwei , Li Bo , Zhang Jun , Huang Bingyuan , Liang Jubo , Chen Ruiling , Lyu Zhuwan , Chen Yong , Lian Min , Xiao Xiao , Miao Qi , Fang Jingyuan , Lian Zhexiong , Eric Gershwin M. , Tang Ruqi , Ma Xiong 
Published: February 2021

Background and Aims
The diverse inflammatory response found in the liver of patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is well established, but identification of potentially pathogenic subpopulations has proven enigmatic.

Approach and Results
We report herein that CD69+CD103+CD8+ tissue‐resident memory T cells (TRM) are significantly increased in the liver of patients with AIH compared to chronic hepatitis B, NAFLD, and healthy control tissues. In addition, there was a significant statistical correlation between elevation of CD8+ TRM cells and AIH disease severity. Indeed, in patients with successful responses to immunosuppression, the frequencies of such hepatic CD8+ TRM cells decreased significantly. CD69+CD8+and CD69+CD103+CD8+ T cells, also known as CD8+ TRM cells, reflect tissue residency and are well known to provide intense immune antigenic responses. Hence, it was particularly interesting that patients with AIH also manifest an elevated expression of IL‐15 and TGF‐β on inflammatory cells, and extensive hepatic expression of E‐cadherin; these factors likely contribute to the development and localization of CD8+ TRM cells. Based on these data and, in particular, the relationships between disease severity and CD8+ TRM cells, we studied the mechanisms involved with glucocorticoid (GC) modulation of CD8+ TRM cell expansion. Our data reflect that GCs in vitro inhibit the expansion of CD8+ TRM cells induced by IL‐15 and TGF‐β and with direct down‐regulation of the nuclear factor Blimp1 of CD8+ TRM cells.

Conclusions
Our data suggest that CD8+ TRM cells play a critical role in the pathogenesis of AIH, and GCs attenuate hepatic inflammation through direct inhibition of CD8+ TRM cell expansion.