bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of media and cellular origin on growth factors secreted by mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Do Thi Xuan Phuong , Nguyen Thi Ngoc Ha , Mai Thi Hien , Hoang Huong Diem , Hoang Thi My Nhung , Nguyen Thanh Liem , Than Thi Trang Uyen 
Published: December 2021

Objective: Investigating influences of the culture media and cellular origin on the expression of several growth factors carried by exosomes secreted from umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSC) and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSC).
Methods: 03 UCMSC samples was cultured in StemMACs and PowerStem, 03 BMMSC samples was cultured in StemMAC sand ACF Plus. At the passage 2, conditioned media were collected for exosome isolation. Exosomes were then investigated for the expression of growth factors, including: vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), fibroblast growth factor 2(FGF-2), hepatocellular growth factor (HGF) and platelet-derived growth factor BB(PDGF-BB).
Results: Both UCMSC and BMMSC at secreted exosomes carrying growth factors with different amount. UCMSC cultured in PowerStem could secret exosomes with the largest amount of growth factors. Besides, UCMSC and BMMSC cultured in StemMACs secreted exosomes carrying fewer amounts of growth factors. Secretion of growth factors through exosomes depends on the cell origin where both cell types were cultured in StemMACs, only UCMSC secretedFGF-2 and PDGF-BB but BMMSC did not.
Conclusion: Both UCMSC and BMMSC cultured in commercial serum- and xeno-free media could secret exosomes into cell culture media. These exosomes carried growth factors, including VEGF-A, FGF-2, HGF and PDGF-BB, with different expression levels.
De SVI-verzekering, de zekerheid en de onzekerheid die deze verzekering biedt in letselschadekwesties
Authors: van Benthem F.J. 
Published: December 2021

De SVI-verzekering, de zekerheid en de onzekerheid die deze verzekering biedt in letselschadekwesties
Welke verzekeraar spreek je aan, de WAM-verzekeraar of de SVI-verzekeraar van de auto waarin je zat tijdens het ongeluk.
Modelbepaling Wet aanpak schijnconstructies: OK zo?
Authors: Uijen M. 
Published: December 2021

Modelbepaling Wet aanpak schijnconstructies: OK zo?
In deze bijdrage wordt ingegaan op de extra risico’s waarmee opdrachtgevers worden geconfronteerd door de Wet aanpak schijnconstructies. Na een korte inleiding over de eisen van de wet wordt een tekstsuggestie aangereikt voor een regeling waarmee in ieder geval gedeeltelijk aan die eisen kan worden voldaan.
Non-conformiteit en klagen verder ingekaderd: over gecedeerde vorderingen en beroepsfouten
Authors: Spanjaard J.H.M. 
Published: December 2021

Non-conformiteit en klagen verder ingekaderd: over gecedeerde vorderingen en beroepsfouten
De Hoge Raad heeft in 2021 het recht over conformiteit en de klachtplicht van verdere kaders voorzien. Non-conformiteit van gecedeerde vorderingen lijkt erg contractueel te worden ingekleurd en klagen hoeft niet als in het geheel niet is gepresteerd. Daarmee lijken contractuele bepalingen over klachtplicht en non-conformiteit nog belangrijker.
Een staatsrechtelijke verbouwing van de Eerste Kamer: het terugzendrecht in perspectief
Authors: Dragstra L. , Boogaard G. 
Published: December 2021

Een staatsrechtelijke verbouwing van de Eerste Kamer: het terugzendrecht in perspectief
De staatscommissie parlementair stelsel heeft eind 2018 voorgesteld de Eerste Kamer naast haar bestaande vetorecht een voorwaardelijk terugzendrecht toe te kennen. Als het aan de staatscommissie ligt, mag de Eerste Kamer voortaan wetsvoorstellen amenderen en vervolgens terugzenden naar de Tweede Kamer. De regering heeft het terugzendrecht inmiddels omarmd, maar het is nog altijd wachten op de indiening van een voorstel tot grondwetswijziging. In dit artikel wordt geanalyseerd hoe het terugzendrecht kan worden vormgegeven, welke keuzes hierbij moeten worden gemaakt, en hoe die zich verhouden tot de taak en verkiezingswijze van de Eerste Kamer.
Het toetsingskader ‘Digitalisering en wetgeving’
Authors: Evers G.H. , van Midden G.J. , Weesing-Loeber L.H.M. 
Published: December 2021

Het toetsingskader ‘Digitalisering en wetgeving’. Een nieuwe impuls voor wetgevingstoetsing
Digitaliseringsvraagstukken zijn voor de wetgever een zekere worsteling, omdat het vaak lastig is vooraf te overzien op welke wijze digitaliseringsaspecten moeten worden geadresseerd in wet- en regelgeving. De Afdeling advisering van de Raad van State heeft daarom, in aanvulling op haar algemene toetsingskader, een specifiek op digitalisering gericht toetsingskader gepresenteerd. Binnen de drie onderdelen van het kader – de beleidsanalytische, de juridische en de wetstechnische toets – wordt een aantal vraagpunten benoemd dat vanwege de digitaliseringsdimensie aandacht behoeft. Door aan te geven hoe zij zelf digitaliseringsaspecten weegt en toetst in haar advisering heeft de Afdeling een nieuwe impuls willen geven aan de discussie over wetgevingstoetsing in het digitale tijdperk. In dit artikel wordt het kader toegelicht en in de context van de bredere discussie rondom digitalisering en wetgeving geplaatst.
De stand van de stelselherziening: de AMvB’s afgerond
Authors: de Vos H.W. (Wilco) 
Published: December 2021

De stand van de stelselherziening: de AMvB’s afgerond
In deze bijdrage wordt de stand van de stelselherziening omgevingsrecht besproken in de periode eind 2020-begin 2021.
De Omgevingswet: een juridisch discutabele exercitie
Authors: Kistenkas F.H. (Fred) 
Published: December 2021

De Omgevingswet: een juridisch discutabele exercitie
In dit artikel wordt de evaluatie van de Resource Management Act besproken. Deze wet is een integrale omgevingswet zoals die ook in Nederland wordt ingevoerd. Auteur gaat in op de kritische evaluatie en de lessen die hieruit kunnen worden geleerd voor de Nederlandse situatie.
Godsdienst en gelijke behandeling
Authors: van Bijsterveld Sophie 
Published: December 2021

Religion and equal treatment – The ruling of the EU Court of Justice in the cases WABE and Müller
In its ruling in these prejudicial procedures, the EU Court of Justice clarifies the extent to which private employers are allowed to prohibit visual expressions of inter alia religious beliefs in the workplace. This contribution critically discusses the Court’s interpretation of the concepts of direct and indirect discrimination as well as its definition of the criteria that the employer must meet to objectively justify a difference of treatment of employees indirectly based on inter alia religion. Furthermore, it discusses the room that the Court allows in this respect for national provisions that protect freedom of religion.
DFT Based Material Computations of Metal-doped and Pure Carbon Nanodots for Examining their Enhancement of Sulfur Dioxide Adsorption
Authors: ASLAN Mikail 
Published: December 2021

Carbon nanodots, one of the last members of the nanocarbon family, show superior properties, such as low-cost production, good conductivity, and optical properties, nontoxic behavior, high biocompatibility, and eco-friendly nature. Understanding the effect of metal doping on the modification of the electronic structure of carbon nanodots is critical for enlarging its potential applications. In the present study, in terms of structural, energetic, and electronic analyses, X-doped carbon nanodot structures (X = B, N, Si, Al, Co, Au, Pd, and Pt) and their SO2 adsorption abilities were examined comprehensively by employing DFT. Results depict that embedding the heavy impurity metals (Pd, Pt) to the nanodot structures does not improve the SO2 sensing ability of carbon nanodot materials relatively. However, the doping of the low concentrated metals to the carbon nanodots may be one of the best ways for enhancing the SO2 trapping ability of the carbon nanodot materials since the calculated results having high adsorption energy values indicate SO2 gas molecule is easily adsorbed on the surface of doped carbon nanodots. This means higher adsorption capability compared to pure ones. Thus, it is suggested that the doped carbon nanodots consisting of B, Si, and N impurity atoms may be good candidates for effective SO2 sensing (adsorptions).
Study on the Perspective of Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Behaviour of Stainless Steel, Plain and TMT Rebars
Authors: Dey Indrajit , Manna Pallabi , Yadav Muralidhar , Kumar Tewary Nisith , Kumar Saha Jayanta , Kumar Ghosh Swarup 
Published: December 2021

In the present research, the effects of various alloying elements and microstructural constituents on the mechanical properties and corrosion behaviour have been studied for four different rebars. The microstructures of stainless steel and plain rebar primarily reveal equiaxed ferrite grains and ferrite-pearlite microstructures, respectively, with no evidence of transition zone, whereas tempered martensite at the outer rim, followed by a narrow bainitic transition zone with an internal core of ferrite-pearlite, has been observed for the thermomechanically treated (TMT) rebars. The hardness profiles obtained from this study display maximum hardness at the periphery, which decreases gradually towards the centre, thereby providing the classical U-shaped hardness profile for TMT rebars. The tensile test results confirm that stainless steel rebar exhibits the highest combination of strength (≈755 MPa) and ductility (≈27%). It has been witnessed that in Tafel plots, the corrosion rate increases for all the experimental rebars in 1% HCl solution, which is well expected because the acid solutions generally possess a higher corrosive environment than seawater (3.5% NaCl) due to their acidic nature and lower pH values. However, all the experimental results obtained from Tafel and Nyquist plots correlate well for both 1% HCl and 3.5% NaCl solutions.
Suggestions for the removal of St Margaret's Well, near Restalrig, in the vicinity of Edinburgh, to a more favourable site
Authors: Laing David 
Published: December 2021

The author suggests that St Margaret's Well could be moved to a new location in Holyrood Park to better preserve the structure. It is noted that in its current location the well has been damaged by the North British Railway that runs nearby and that some of the associated machinery that operates close to the structure is likely to destroy the well. A committee of Fellows agreed that the well should be moved and appealed to the Chief Commissioner for Works and Public Buildings, who proposed a potential site for relocation in Holyrood Park.
Notice of Sculptured Stones and other antiquities found on the Castle Hill of Kintore, and of other ancient remains found in the neighbourhood
Authors: Stuart John , Watt Alexander 
Published: December 2021

The ancient mound at Castle Hill was destroyed during work on the great North of Scotland Railway. This article describes the discoveries made at the site during its removal including several large granite stones (at least two of which were inscribed with figures) and a number of small pits containing various materials. The article concludes with a letter from a local antiquarian about several cists and their contents that were uncovered near Kinaldy.
Notices descriptive of the localities of certain Sculptured Stone Monuments in Forfarshire, viz., - Benvie, and Invergowrie; Strathmartin, and Balutheran; Monifieth; Cross of Camus, and Arbirlot. Part III
Authors: Jervise Andrew 
Published: December 2021

The author discusses the local history, stone monuments and churches of several towns in Perthshire and Angus. He pays particularly close attention to the dating of ecclesiastical buildings and the places where human remains have been unearthed.
Meeting notes for June 8, 1857 are appended.
Notices of ancient monuments in the ruined Church of St Mary, Rothesay
Authors: Roger James C 
Published: December 2021

This article aims to identify the effigy found on a tomb that lies along the south wall of St Mary’s Church on Rothesay. The author recounts the various identities that have been proposed for this effigy but discounts them. He then goes on to use the principles of heraldry to propose that this tomb was made for Robert II during his lifetime, possibly while he was the Earl of Strathearn. An addendum is also attached to the article in which the author refutes objections to his argument.

Meeting notes for July 13, 1857 are appended. At this meeting a communication from the Board of Manufacturers was read, regarding rooms they had set aside for the Society’s museum.
Original letter (hitherto unpublished) from Colonel John Grahame of Claverhouse (afterwards Viscount of Dundee) describing the military execution of John Brown of Priesthill, commonly called 'The Christian Carrier,' on the 1st of May 1685
Authors: Napier Mark 
Published: December 2021

Mark Napier presented a letter from John Graham of Claverhouse to the Duke of Queensberry that reported the shooting of John Brown of Priesthill and the capture of his nephew.
Uma Investigação acerca das Percepções dos Discentes do Brasil e de Portugal sobre a Convergência da Contabilidade aos Padrões Internacionais
Authors: Da Costa Leonardo Mellado , Lagioia Umbelina Cravo Teixeira , Do Nascimento Suênia Graziella Oliveira de Almeida Santos , De Araújo Juliana Gonçalves , Lemos Livia Vilar 
Published: December 2021

Esta pesquisa teve como principal objetivo verificar as percepções dos discentes de universidades no Brasil e em Portugal perante o processo de convergência da contabilidade aos padrões internacionais. Para tanto, a pesquisa se deu na forma de aplicação de questionários estruturados aos discentes de Instituições de Ensino Superior do Brasil e de Portugal. O estudo é baseado em uma amostra de 159 respondentes, sendo 112 estudantes brasileiros e 47 estudantes de Portugal. Os dados foram tratados por meio da analise descritiva dos dados, com auxílio do software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences – SPSS®, renomeado para Predictive Analytics Software (PASW). O estudo concluiu que 92% dos brasileiros e 72,4% dos portugueses afirmaram concordar que o processo de convergência das normas brasileiras de contabilidade às normas internacionais é bem vindo, pois traz mais benefícios do que custos às empresas. Os resultados revelaram também que 84,9% dos discentes do Brasil e 57,4% dos discentes de Portugal afirmaram que não acreditam na capacitação dos profissionais de contabilidade para as mudanças decorrentes da adoção das normas do IASB, demonstrando que os mesmos percebem que os contabilistas estão despreparados para colocar em prática as mudanças.
Palavras-Chave: Normas Internacionais; Discentes; Brasil; Portugal.
Urban Anthropology: Southeast Asia
Authors: Yeoh Seng‐Guan 
Published: December 2021

Contemporary scholarship in urban anthropology in Southeast Asia is characterized by an eclectic diversity that stems from the intersections of several distinct trajectories. First, the geographical region has a long history of indigenous urbanism stretching back at least two millennia. Secondly, an array of European (Portuguese, Spanish, Dutch, French, German, and British) and American imperial powers left their varied urban imaginaries and structural imprints on their colonial outposts around the region. Subsequent postcolonial governments have selectively appropriated these tangible and intangible legacies in the pursuit of nationalist development and modernization and, more recently, under the impetus of globalization, world city formation. Thirdly, the inheritance of varied methodological traditions originating from metropolitan academic centers have influenced how urbanism as a specific area of anthropological study has been configured and understood. With the rapid pace of urbanization and the growth of numerous metropolises in the region, anthropological study of the specificity, diversity, and commonalities of urbanism and city life in Southeast Asia is set to broaden and deepen in the years ahead.
Effects of an Online Education Program on Physical Therapists' Confidence in Weight Management for People With Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Allison Kim , Jones Sarah , Hinman Rana S. , Briggs Andrew M. , Sumithran Priya , Quicke Jonathan , Holden Melanie , Chiavaroli Neville , Crofts Sam , George Elena , Foster Nadine , Bennell Kim 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveTo evaluate effects of an online education program about weight management for osteoarthritis on physical therapists' self‐reported confidence in knowledge and skills in weight management and attitudes toward obesity.MethodsIn a 2‐group randomized controlled trial, 80 physical therapists (58 female physical therapists) were randomized to education or control groups. The theoretically informed and evidence‐informed online self‐directed training program covered biopsychosocial elements of obesity and weight management. The primary outcome was self‐reported confidence in knowledge in weight management using a customized validated tool (scale 14–70, higher scores indicating higher confidence) assessed at baseline and 6 weeks. Secondary measures included confidence in nutrition care, clinical skills in weight management, and weight stigma. Process measures evaluated participant experience. Differences in change between groups were compared using linear regression models adjusted for baseline scores and stratifying variables (clinical setting; confidence in weight management). Moderation analysis was performed using an interaction approach in a linear regression model and multivariable fractional polynomial interaction approach.ResultsA total of 79 participants (99%) completed outcome measures at 6 weeks. The education group demonstrated greater improvement in confidence in knowledge than the control group (adjusted mean difference 22.6 units, 95% confidence interval 19.6, 25.5). Greater improvement in knowledge was associated with lower baseline values (interaction P = 0.002). Secondary outcomes showed greater improvements in confidence in skills and nutrition care and in weight stigma domains favoring the education group. Over 90% of participants would recommend the program to peers.ConclusionAn online education program improves physical therapists' short‐term confidence in knowledge and skills in weight management for people with osteoarthritis and reduces weight‐stigmatized attitudes.
Fully Synthetic 3D Fibrous Scaffolds for Stromal Tissues—Replacement of Animal‐Derived Scaffold Materials Demonstrated by Multilayered Skin
Authors: Weigel Tobias , Malkmus Christoph , Weigel Verena , Wußmann Maximiliane , Berger Constantin , Brennecke Julian , Groeber‐Becker Florian , Hansmann Jan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe extracellular matrix (ECM) of soft tissues in vivo has remarkable biological and structural properties. Thereby, the ECM provides mechanical stability while it still can be rearranged via cellular remodeling during tissue maturation or healing processes. However, modern synthetic alternatives fail to provide these key features among basic properties. Synthetic matrices are usually completely degraded or are inert regarding cellular remodeling. Based on a refined electrospinning process, a method is developed to generate synthetic scaffolds with highly porous fibrous structures and enhanced fiber‐to‐fiber distances. Since this approach allows for cell migration, matrix remodeling, and ECM synthesis, the scaffold provides an ideal platform for the generation of soft tissue equivalents. Using this matrix, an electrospun‐based multilayered skin equivalent composed of a stratified epidermis, a dermal compartment, and a subcutis is able to be generated without the use of animal matrix components. The extension of classical dense electrospun scaffolds with high porosities and motile fibers generates a fully synthetic and defined alternative to collagen‐gel‐based tissue models and is a promising system for the construction of tissue equivalents as in vitro models or in vivo implants.
Bloch Surface Wave‐Assisted Ultrafast All‐Optical Switching in Graphene
Authors: Popkova Anna A. , Chezhegov Aleksandr A. , Rybin Maxim G. , Soboleva Irina V. , Obraztsova Elena D. , Bessonov Vladimir O. , Fedyanin Andrey A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractGraphene has ultrafast charge carrier dynamic and shows strong light–matter interaction allowing the use in photovoltaic devices, fast photodetectors, saturable absorbers, and electro‐optical modulators. However, despite the high nonlinear optical susceptibilities, the small amount of material significantly limits the use of graphene for nonlinear optical applications. In this work, Bloch surface waves (BSWs) are employed, enhancing the graphene–light interaction, for all‐optical switching realization. By placing a graphene monolayer on top of a 1D photonic crystal, it is shown that for the wavelength corresponding to the BSW resonance, the reflection coefficient is modulated on the sub‐picosecond time scale by an order of magnitude larger than that for bare graphene. The magnitude of the reflection change reaches 0.3% at the fluence of 40 µJ cm−2. The reported results are proof of priciple possibility of BSW‐assisted enhancing the reflection modulation of any 2D materials and transparent thin films while maintaining their inherent ultrafast dynamics, which is useful for the further development of all‐optical switches.
A novel mind‐set in primate experimentation: Implications for primate welfare
Authors: Tramacere Antonella , Iriki Atsushi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe emphasize the importance of studying the primate brain in cognitive neuroscience and suggest a new mind‐set in primate experimentation within the boundaries of animal welfare regulations. Specifically, we list the advantages of investigating both genes and neural mechanisms and processes in the emergence of behavioral and cognitive functions, and propose the establishment of an open field of primate research. The latter may be conducted by implementing and harmonizing experimental practices with ethical guidelines that regulate (1) management of natural parks with free‐moving populations of target nonhuman primates, (2) establishment of indoor‐outdoor labs for both system genetics and neuroscience investigations, and (3) hotel space and technologies which remotely collect and dislocate information regarding primates geographically located elsewhere.
Umwandlung vonEscherichia coliProteomembranen in artifizielle Chloroplasten durch molekulare Photokatalyse
Authors: Mengele Alexander K. , Weixler Dominik , Amthor Sebastian , Eikmanns Bernhard J. , Seibold Gerd M. , Rau Sven 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn der lichtabhängigen Reaktion der Photosynthese koppeln grüne Pflanzen photoinduzierte Kaskaden von Redoxreaktionen mit transmembranen Protonentransfers um Reduktionsäquivalente und chemische Energie in Form von NADPH (Nikotinamidadenindinukleotidphosphat) und ATP (Adenosintriphosphat) zu erzeugen. Wir imitieren diese grundlegenden Prozesse durch Kombination von molekularen Rutheniumpolypyridinkomplexen und invertierten Vesikeln, die ausEscherichia coligewonnen werden. Bei Bestrahlung mit sichtbarem Licht führt das Zusammenspiel von photokatalytischer Nikotinamidreduktion und enzymatischer, membranlokalisierter Atmung zur gleichzeitigen Bildung der beiden biologisch aktiven Cofaktoren NADH (Nikotinamidadenindinukleotid) und ATP. Dieses anorganisch‐biologische Hybridsystem ahmt daher die Cofaktor‐bereitstellende Funktion eines aktiven Chloroplasten nach.