bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dry vs. wet testing: quasi-static tensile experiment setup for polymer based biomaterials
Authors: Arbeiter Daniela , Oschatz Stefan , Lebahn Kerstin , Illner Sabine , Grabow Niels 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Polymer materials can be manufactured with high reproducibility and do offer the potential for chemical modification. This enables matrix property modification and fine-tuning of several material characteristics, such as tissue-implant interaction, inflammatory potential or susceptibility to biofilm formation. Whereas manufacturing protocols are crucial for the resulting material properties, also the evaluation in terms of performance and safety has to be considered. Regarding this, both, temperature and composition of test medium may affect the physicochemical properties of implant materials. The present study addresses the influence of test medium compared to dry test conditions, each at two different temperatures, on the mechanical properties of elastomeric film and nonwoven materials.
Fiber statistics of nonwoven materials by SEM images - influence of number of images
Authors: Götz Andreas , Grabow Niels , Illner Sabine , Senz Volkmar 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Electrospun nonwovens are widely applied in biomedicine and various other fields. For control of the manufacturing process and quality assurance Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging is one standard practice. In this study, statistical datasets of 60 SEM images of three nonwoven samples were evaluated using Gaussian fit to obtain numerical results of their fiber diameter distributions. The question of how much effort is required for acceptable imaging and processing is being discussed. As determined here, for reliable statistics, a minimum surface area of the nonwoven has to be evaluated. The fiber diameter should be in a range of approximately 2 - 3% of the edge length of the square equivalent of the evaluated image area, using sufficiently magnified SEM images, in which the fiber diameter is imaged over at least 30 pixels.
Fiber composite materials via coaxial, dual or blend electrospinning
Authors: Illner Sabine , Sühr Michelle , Fiedler Nicklas , Arbeiter Daniela , Götz Andreas , Schmitz Klaus-Peter , Grabow Niels 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Electrospinning (ES) is a suitable and cost effective method to mimic the chemical composition, morphology, and functional surface of natural tissues, for example of the nervous, dermal, vascular, and musculoskeletal systems. This technique is a versatile tool to obtain tailored fibrous scaffolds from various polymer materials. By varying the diameter, porosity, orientation, layering, surface structuring, mechanical properties and biodegradability of the fibers the properties can be adapted for specific applications ranging from implantable medical devices to wound repair and protective clothing. Especially the combination of different polymer types offers a high potential. In this study electrospun two-component nonwoven structures of thermoplastic copolyester elastomer (TPC-ET) and bioresorbable polylactide (PLLA) were fabricated, using different ES setups. A comparative evaluation in terms of porosity, thermal and mechanical properties as well as required fabrication effort, was performed. Nonwovens made from polymer blends and coaxial spun core-sheath fibers showed similar tensile strength, which was higher than dual electrospun fabrics. Porosity was found to be in the range of 80 - 90%. By modifying the polymer solution and process parameters multicomponent nonwoven structures with tailored properties and drug release profiles can be manufactured.
Cardiovascular, ophthalmologic and otolaryngologic medical device innovations – Progress report 2021 from the Twenty20 consortium RESPONSE
Authors: Grabow Niels , Senz Volkmar , Schmitz Klaus-Peter 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The coordinated research project “RESPONSE - Partnership for Innovation in Implant Technology”, which is one of ten BMBF-funded research consortia within the program “Twenty20 - Partnership for Innovation”, is active in the field of medical device innovation. The consortium is currently in the process of unfolding its transfer phase. This involves a portfolio of key innovations for novel medical devices, technologies and processes. Also, RESPONSE is aiming at participative technology development, integrating perspectives of patients, developers, as well as systems and innovation researchers. Particular challenges are arising from the current re-prioritization and re-scheduling of project roadmaps in order to manage and alleviate the effects of the corona crisis.
Real-Time Multirate Filtering of Digitized Torque Signals on Tiva Microcontroller using Fixed-Point Design with MATLAB
Authors: Wilkie Jack A. , Stieglitz Thomas , Moeller Knut 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Correct bone screw torque is critical for positive patient outcomes after orthopaedic surgery. Models of the screwing process have been developed to allow a smart screwdriver to optimise the insertion torque. Experimental data is required to test these models, so a test-rig has been developed. Accurate torque measurement is a key part of the test-rig. An FIR filter was designed for this torque signal, implemented on the test-rig, and compared theoretically and experimentally to a mean filter and to no filtering. The FIR and mean filters both performed well, with the FIR achieving better theoretical results, and the mean filter achieving better experimental results. Better understanding of the noise structure and potential signal distortion would be required to improve the FIR filter or to conclusively compare it against the mean filter, however both perform sufficiently well for this application.
Automated differentiation of Alzheimer’s condition using Kernel Density Estimation based texture analysis of single slice brain MR images
Authors: Veluppal Amrutha , Sadhukhan Deboleena , Gopinath Venugopal , Swaminathan Ramakrishnan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Computer-assisted tools can aid in the detection of Alzheimer disease (AD) which is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that can lead to cognitive impairments and eventually death. The accumulated effects due to AD can cause changes in the appearance of grey matter, white matter and cerebrospinal fluid in brain Magnetic Resonance (MR) images. This study aims to use Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) technique to analyse the textural changes from single slice brain MR images for the detection of AD. The preprocessed, skull stripped T1-weighted MR brain images are obtained from the publicly available OASIS database. A single axial slice per subject is chosen from a volumetric image for further processing to reduce the computational load. Multivariate KDE technique is applied to each pixel, by considering the changes in the neighbourhood based on selected bandwidth to obtain corresponding density estimates. Statistical features quantifying the distribution of density estimates are extracted to characterise textural variations in images. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) classifier is implemented with ten-fold cross-validation for detecting AD. An optimum bandwidth of 18 for the KDE technique is selected based on the classification performance. Out of seven extracted texture features, three are found to be statistically significant in distinguishing AD. The classification with LDA yields an accuracy of 72.3% with a sensitivity of 80.6% for identifying AD from healthy subjects. The proposed method is efficient in detecting AD by revealing the textural changes within the brain slice without the involvement of any segmentation technique. Thus, the novel KDE-based texture analysis proves to be an effective tool for the automated diagnosis of AD from single slice brain MR images.
Acoustic-kinetic joint analysis: Synchronization and Evaluation of kinetic measurement data in AEA (Acoustic Emission Analysis) based diagnosis of arthritic knee joint defects
Authors: Subke Jörg , Schneider Benedict , Hanitz Fiona , Wolff Udo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
During a clinical study the AEA (Acoustic Emission Analysis) of arthritic defects in the knee joint was enhanced by the addition of kinetic measurement data. This enhanced AEA based method permits a non-invasive diagnosis and assessment of arthritic joint damage at an early stage. The diagnostic procedure includes three separate measurements that contribute in different ways to an extended diagnosis of the disease pattern [1, 2, 3]. During a series of three knee bends a force plate provides data of the ground force while a video-based gait analysis records the corresponding movement and the angles of hip-, knee-, and ankle joints. At the same time AEA detects the acoustic anomalies of damaged cartilage and the absolute angle of the system. The patterns of the kinetic data were analyzed to define the instants of time to correlate the data of the 3 measurement systems. The analysis of the force data yields a pattern with 8 phases. By means of the stance phase between the knee bends the instants of time are used to synchronize force and video based data. In the second step the synchronization of video based data was done by means of the absolute angle of the AEA system [4, 5]. The superposition of kinetic data and the acoustic emission permits a preliminary graphic representation and assessment of the measurement data. The procedure will be applied for the analysis of patients in a clinical study
Insights of posture dependent pressure characteristics in five rats
Authors: Flürenbrock Fabian , Schwander Simone , Podgoršak Anthony , Bausch Britta , Seebeck Petra , Zeilinger Melanie , Schmid Daners Marianne 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Current shunt treatments of hydrocephalus, a condition characterized by excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and intracranial pressure (ICP) fluctuations, suffer malfunctions caused by changes in patient’s posture. Research toward a quantitative model describing posture dependent dynamics of CSF related pressures such as ICP and blood pressure (BP) shall provide relevant information that can lead to a better understanding of CSF dynamics and thus, improved treatment outcomes. In this pilot study, ICP and femoral blood pressure (FBP) were measured concurrently in anaesthetized as well as awake and freely moving rats using radio telemetry. It was shown that despite the inherent challenges of limited space for sensor implants and rapid movements leading to strong artefacts, influences on CSF related pressure fluctuations due to posture changes can be observed in individual rats
Is User Experience a suitable goal in the development of medical devices?
Authors: Reisemann Matthias , Krupp Angelina 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Product development in medical technology is largely governed by Regulatory Affairs. In contrast, for consumer products Human-Centred Design (HCD) is the guiding principle. Both approaches are laid down in international standards and overlap many aspects such as procedure, applied methodologies and development activities. For medical devices patient safety and therefore risk management is the guiding development goal. In HCD the focus lies on User Experience (UX), a positive experience throughout the entire product life cycle. The question arises whether UX could play a more important role in medical device development, particularly considering the similarities of the two development processes
Comparative analysis of alignment tools for application on Nanopore sequencing data
Authors: Becht Chiara , Schmidt Jonas , Blessing Frithjof , Wenzel Folker 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Long-read sequencing techniques such as Oxford Nanopore sequencing, are representing a promising novel approach in molecular-biological methodology, enabling potential facilitation in mapping and de novo assembly. In comparison to conventional sequencing methods, novel alignment tools are mandated to compensate differing data structures (especially high error rate) to achieve acceptably accurate analysis results. METHODS: In this study, benchmarking for long read aligners BLASR, GraphMap, LAST, minimap2, NGMLR and the short-read aligner BWA MEM on three experimental datasets was conducted. Obtained alignment results were compared for various quality and performance criteria, such as match rate, mismatch rate, error rate, working memory usage and computational time. RESULTS: The comparison yielded differences in alignment quality and performance of tools under test. Tool LAST showed the largest differences among all tools. Minimap2 achieved constant quality with good performance. BLASR, GraphMap, BWA MEM and NGMLR showed slight differences only. CONCLUSION: Differences among the tools could be reasoned with dataset characteristics and algorithm approaches of individual tools. All tools except BLASR seem applicable for Nanopore sequencing data. Therefore, selection of the tool should be done under consideration of the experimental design and the further downstream analysis
Angiogenesis by BMP-2-PDLLA-Biohybrids in Co-Culture with Osteoblasts and Endothelia
Authors: Dohle Eva , Sowislok Andrea , Ghanaati Shahram , Jennissen Herber P. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Adsorbate biohybrids for BMP-2 delivery based on electrospun PDLLA-nanofiber fleeces loaded with 0.6 μg/cm2 rhBMP-2COL (E. coli) strongly induced microvessel- like structures when incubated for 14 days in cocultures of human outgrowth endothelial cells (OEC) together with human primary osteoblasts (pOB). Higher loaded rhBMP-2COL biohybrids (4.6 μg/cm2) were low- to noninductive. Adsorbate biohybrids of rhBMP-2CHO (CHO cells) loaded with 1.0-6.0 μg/cm2 induced only a classic cobblestone- like growth pattern without any microvessels. Concentration- response experiments (7 days) indicate a binding affinity of rhBMP-2COL for microvessel induction in the picomolar range with nanomolar concentrations being non-inductive
A Step towards Neuro-Steered Hearing Aids: Integrated Portable Setup for Time- Synchronized Acoustic Stimuli Presentation and EEG Recording
Authors: Dasenbrock Steffen , Blum Sarah , Debener Stefan , Hohmann Volker , Kayser Hendrik 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Aiming to provide a portable research platform to develop algorithms for neuro-steered hearing aids, a joint hearing aid - EEG measurement setup was implemented in this work. The setup combines the miniaturized electroencephalography sensor technology cEEGrid with a portable hearing aid research platform - the Portable Hearing Laboratory. The different components of the system are connected wirelessly, using the lab streaming layer framework for synchronization of audio and EEG data streams. Our setup was shown to be suitable for simultaneous recording of audio and EEG signals used in a pilot study (n=5) to perform an auditory Oddball experiment. The analysis showed that the setup can reliably capture typical event-related potential responses. Furthermore, linear discriminant analysis was successfully applied for single-trial classification of P300 responses. The study showed that time-synchronized audio and EEG data acquisition is possible with the Portable Hearing Laboratory research platform.
In vitro validation of a non-invasive continuous blood pressure measurement method for the perioperative application
Authors: Geus Paul , Laidig Daniel , Borchers Patrick , Seel Thomas , Stettin Johanna , Kertzscher Ulrich 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Hypotensive periods during surgery lead to an increase in postoperative complications. To further avoid the adverse events associated with the invasive measurement of the blood pressure, a perioperative, continuous, non-invasive blood pressure measurement method was developed. The precision of the method was tested for different mean pressure values and different thicknesses of the tissue model using a specifically designed and validated simulator that has the characteristics of the lower arm. The mean pressure difference between the pressure determined by the proposed method and simulated blood pressure from the simulator was 3.93 mmHg (±4.75 mmHg) for the systole and 4.89 mmHg (±6.10 mmHg) for the diastole. The results showed that the method can be a promising alternative to invasive blood pressure measurement methods.
Bioreactor design for the mechanical stimulation by compression of 3D cell cultures
Authors: Micheler Carina M. , Geck Paulina A. , Charitou Fiona , Leix René , Foehr Peter , Lang Jan J. , Wilhelm Nikolas J. , Tuebel Jutta L. , Burgkart Rainer H. H. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Bioreactors with a controlled physiological environment are being developed to study various cell processes. The influences of mechanostimulation on bone cell cultures can be investigated using a compression bioreactor. The developed bioreactor system applies a cyclic compression force to the specimen via an eccentrically mounted push rod. The compression force is monitored by a force sensor to detect changes in the material properties of the specimen. Depending on the piston setting, a stroke of 0.28 - 2.50 mm can be applied to the specimen. The bioreactor system was tested with a trial run of 18 days. A sample was continuously stimulated with a loading frequency of 2 Hz and a stroke of 1.50 mm. The sterility in the cell chamber as well as the functionality of the realised bioreactor stimulation system could be successfully confirmed
Genre Effect on L2 Syntactic Complexity and Holistic Rating for Writing Quality of Intermediate EFL Learners
Authors: zhang Lili , liu Haitao 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This exploratory study examines whether genre has an impact on syntactic complexity and holistic rating in EFL writing. Over 300 sample texts produced by intermediate learners were collected from a test and some regular after-class assignments for English writing courses. Each participant completed two writing tasks, one argumentative and the other narrative. Results show that genre type has a significant impact on L2 syntactic complexity. Genre effect is found stronger with timed writing tasks. L2 holistic ratings show correlation with syntactic complexity on the different measure(s) depending on genre type and planning conditions. Regression analyses reveal that for timed writing tasks, clausal density (clauses per sentence) is a reliable predictor for holistic assessment on intermediate EFL learners’ writing quality. It is found to account for 6% of the score variance for timed writing and 10% for timed argumentative writing. Genre is evidenced to be related to EFL writing holistic ratings. Closer examination indicates that while syntactic complexity is predictive of holistic writing scores for argumentative writing, it does not correlate with holistic scores for narrative writing. Other linguistic features rather than syntactic complexity may be accountable. Overall, the study lends support to genre effect in the relationship between syntactic complexity and L2 writing quality holistic rating.
A machine-learning reduced kinetic model for H2S thermal conversion process
Authors: Dell’Angelo Anna , Andoglu Ecem Muge , Kaytakoglu Suleyman , Manenti Flavio 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
H2S is becoming more and more appealing as a source for hydrogen and syngas generation. Its hydrogen production potential is studied by several research groups by means of catalytic and thermal conversions. While the characterization of catalytic processes is strictly dependent on the catalyst adopted and difficult to be generalized, the characterization of thermal processes can be brought back to wide-range validity kinetic models thanks to their homogeneous reaction environments. The present paper is aimed at providing a reduced kinetic scheme for reliable thermal conversion of H2S molecule in pyrolysis and partial oxidation thermal processes. The proposed model consists of 10 reactions and 12 molecular species. Its validation is performed by numerical comparisons with a detailed kinetic model already validated by literature/industrial data at the operating conditions of interest. The validated reduced model could be easily adopted in commercial process simulators for the flow sheeting of H2S conversion processes.
Das Können des Nichtkönnens und das Tun ohne Tun
Authors: Xísān Lài 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this essay, Christoph Menke’s “aesthetics of force” converses with contemporary Chinese philosophy, especially with the field of Transcultural Research in the Zhuāngzǐ conducted in Taiwan. The starting point of the following reflections is that “the artist is able to be unable” (der Künstler kann das Nichtkönnen). How can we philosophically describe a way of doing that retains self-awareness in the midst of self-forgetfulness? What Zhuāngzǐ discusses is an aesthetic cultivation of “contemplative perception” (Schau/guān 觀) in the midst of doing. His language is able to describe and interpret from within a way of doing that refrains from purposeful action. Menke’s approach corresponds with my reflections on Daoism and the book Zhuāngzǐ developed in recent years. Particularly important in this context is the exploration of relating aesthetics to ethical and political questions through an aesthetic transformation of subjectivity. Following the linguistic dynamics associated with the transcultural interweaving of texts, this essay connects Menke’s interpretation of Nietzsche and my interpretation of the Zhuāngzǐ. In so doing, I hope to set in motion a change in thinking on both sides.
Periphrastic passive and resultative in Hittite and Proto-Indo-European
Authors: Shatskov Andrey 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
There are several ways to express passive meaning in ancient Indo- European languages, one of them being periphrastic constructions. This paper argues that periphrastic passives in these languages developed from earlier object-oriented resultative constructions, which can be reconstructed for the proto-language as well.
The history of Old English būgian and bōgian ʻdwellʼ, and some related morphonological problems
Authors: Vijūnas Aurelijus 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this article, an alternative historical analysis of the Old English verbs būgian and bōgian is presented, whereby it is suggested that they are relatively late formations. The verb *bū̆wōja- (> būgian) evolved out of the verb *bū̆wa- (> būan) during the Proto-Northwest Germanic era by way of a paradigmatic split. The vowel ū̆ in the root of *bū̆wōja- was subject to assimilatory lowering due to the influence of the following non-high vowels: the lowering of the root vowel produced the stem *bō̆wōja- (> OE bogian). It is argued here that the vowel /u/ was susceptible to lowering in this environment because in the sequence -V(w)V-, it was phonetically short (phonologically, it was length-neutral in this position).