bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indicator system optimization model for evaluating resilience of regional agricultural soil–water resource composite system
Authors: Xu Dan , Liu Jilong , Liu Dong , Fu Qiang , Li Mo , Faiz Muhammad Abrar , Liu Sicheng , Li Tianxiao , Cui Song , Yan Ge 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Resilience is an important indicator for measuring regional sustainable development capacity. The construction of a suitable evaluation indicator system is the premise of evaluating regional sustainable development. In this study, taking the Jiansanjiang Administration of Heilongjiang Province in China as an example, a preliminary selection library of the evaluation indicator system for the resilience of a regional agricultural soil–water resource composite system covering seven subsystems and 59 indicators was established. Selection criteria such as the Dale indicator criteria, subjective and objective combination weighting and principal component analysis were introduced to construct an optimization model for the resilience evaluation indicator system for the ASWRS. First, 14 indicators that were incomplete or incapable were removed. Then, the Dale indicator selection criteria were used to ensure that 14 indicators were selected. The binary fuzzy comparison method and criteria importance through interference correlation method were used to calculate the combination weight. Finally, an indicator system optimization model was established. The indicator system was optimized from 59 to 35 indicators, and the completeness of the indicator system reached 85.75%. The proposed method had obvious advantages in terms of indicator identification and elimination, and it may truly achieve the goal of indicator optimization.
On the functional safety of a complex technical control system with digital twins
Authors: Shubinsky I. B. , Schabe Hendrik , Rozenberg E. N. 
Published: March 2021

The Aim of this paper is to evaluate the advantages of digital twin technology as compared with the conventional approaches to the design of a vital two-channel system. Methods. The system is described with a Markovian model. This model allows defining the quantitative safety characteristics if the system is affected by right-side failures. Results. The system’s primary quantitative safety indicators were identified as the mean time to wrong-side failure and mean time to right-side failure along with the quantitative relations of the prime and additional costs for a batch of products. Conclusion. Transforming the initial item into a system with digital twins allows significantly reducing the rate of wrong-side failures. This effect may be obtained not only with the use of digital twins, but also as the result of the system transitioning into the state of right-side failure in each event of discrepancy betwin the initial item and/or the digital twins. It has been established that the mean time to right-side failure under such conditions is not less than the mean time to failure of the initial item. That means that highly efficient measures for safety improvement allow maintaining the system dependability at a level not lower than that of the initial item. The introduction of digital twins into a system is a new, not yet tested way of ensuring system safety. The decision on the benefits of additional costs is taken by the customer and system developer together. At the same time, it must be taken into consideration that in case of large batches of manufactured technical systems, the effect of additional costs is reduced and the effect of significantly improved safety is maintained.
APP/PS1 Gene-Environment Noise Interaction Aggravates AD-like Neuropathology in Hippocampus Via Activation of the VDAC1 Positive Feedback Loop
Authors: Chi Huimin , Zhai Qingfeng , Zhang Ming , Su Donghong , Cao Wa , Li Wenlong , She Xiaojun , Yang Honglian , Wang Kun , Gao Xiujie , Ma Kefeng , Cui Bo , Qiu Yugang 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Environmental risk factors, including environmental noise stress, and genetic
factors, have been associated with the occurrence and development of Alzheimer’s disease
(AD). However, the exact role and mechanism of AD-like pathology induced by environment-gene
interactions between environmental noise and APP/PS1 gene remain elusive.

Methods:
Herein, we investigated the impact of chronic noise exposure on AD-like neuropathology
in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. The Morris water maze (MWM) task was conducted to evaluate
AD-like changes. The hippocampal phosphorylated Tau, amyloid-β (Aβ), and neuroinflammation
were assessed. We also assessed changes in positive feedback loop signaling of the voltage-dependent
anion channel 1 (VDAC1) to explore the potential underlying mechanism linking AD-like neuropathology
to noise-APP/PS1 interactions.

Results:
Long-term noise exposure significantly increased the escape latency and the number of
platform crossings in the MWM task. The Aβ overproduction was induced in the hippocampus of
APP/PS1 mice, along with the increase of Tau phosphorylation at Ser396 and Thr231 and the increase
of the microglia and astrocytes markers expression. Moreover, the VDAC1-AKT (protein kinase
B)-GSK3β (glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta)-VDAC1 signaling pathway was abnormally activated
in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice after noise exposure.

Conclusion:
Chronic noise exposure and APP/PS1 overexpression may synergistically exacerbate
cognitive impairment and neuropathological changes that occur in AD. This interaction may be mediated
by the positive feedback loop of the VDAC1-AKT-GSK3β-VDAC1 signaling pathway.
In Vivo/Ex Vivo EPR Investigation of the Brain Redox Status and Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity in the 5xFAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Vesković Ana , Nakarada Đura , Pavićević Aleksandra , Prokić Bogomir , Perović Milka , Kanazir Selma , Popović-Bijelić Ana , Mojović Miloš 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder
characterized by cognitive decline and total brain atrophy. Despite the substantial scientific effort,
the pathological mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration in AD are currently unknown. In
most studies, amyloid β peptide has been considered the key pathological change in AD. However,
numerous Aβ-targeting treatments have failed in clinical trials. This implies the need to shift the research
focus from Aβ to other pathological features of the disease.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to examine the interplay between mitochondrial dysfunction,
oxidative stress and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption in AD pathology, using a novel approach
that involves the application of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy.

Methods:
In vivo and ex vivo EPR spectroscopy using two spin probes (aminoxyl radicals) exhibiting
different cell-membrane and BBB permeability were employed to assess BBB integrity and
brain tissue redox status in the 5xFAD mouse model of AD. In vivo spin probe reduction decay
was analyzed using a two-compartment pharmacokinetic model. Furthermore, 15 K EPR spectroscopy
was employed to investigate the brain metal content.

Results:
This study has revealed an altered brain redox state, BBB breakdown, as well as ROS-mediated
damage to mitochondrial iron-sulfur clusters, and up-regulation of MnSOD in the 5xFAD
model.

Conclusion:
The EPR spin probes were shown to be excellent in vivo reporters of the 5xFAD neuronal
tissue redox state, as well as the BBB integrity, indicating the importance of in vivo EPR spectroscopy
application in preclinical studies of neurodegenerative diseases.
Covalent Organic Frameworks for Electrochemical Sensors: Recent
Research and Future Prospects
Authors: Wang Linyu , Hong Shasha , Yang Yuxi , Song Yonghai , Wang Li 
Published: March 2021

Background:
In recent years, electrochemical sensors are widely preferred because of their high sensitivity, rapid response, low cost and easy miniaturization. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), a porous crystalline polymer formed by organic units connected by covalent bonds, have been widely used in gas adsorption and separation, drug transportation, energy storage, photoelectric catalysis, electrochemistry and other aspects due to their large specific surface, excellent stability, high inherent porosity, good crystallinity as well as structural and functional controllability. The topological structure of COFs can be designed in advance, the structural units and linkage are diversified, and the structure is easy to be functionalized, which are all beneficial to their application in electrochemical sensors.

Methods:
The types, synthesis methods, properties of covalent organic frameworks and some examples of using covalent organic frameworks in electrochemical sensors are reviewed.

Results:
Due to their characteristics of a large specific surface, high porosity, orderly channel and periodically arranged π electron cloud, COFs are often used to immobilize metal nanoparticles, aptamers or other materials to achieve the purpose of building electrochemical sensors with high sensitivity and good stability. Since the structure of COFs can be predicted, different organic units can build COFs with different structures and properties. Therefore, organic units with certain functional groups can be selected to build COFs with certain properties and used directly for electrochemical sensors.

Conclusion:
COFs have a good application prospect in electrochemical sensors.
The use of beta-blockers in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic heart failure in real clinical practice
Authors: Karoli N. A. , Borodkin A. V. , Rebrov A. P. 
Published: March 2021

Objective: to reveal the features of the use of beta-blockers (BB) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic heart failure (CHF) in real clinical practice.Materials and methods: the study included 90 patients with COPD and CHF, and 41 patients with CHF of ischemic genesis without COPD.Results: patients with COPD and CHF were significantly less likely to receive beta-blockers (BB) compared with patients with CHF. Of the BB patients with COPD and CHF were primarily prescribed bisoprolol, its average dose was 4.45 ± 1.74 mg per day. Patients with COPD and CHF of ischemic genesis of BB were prescribed significantly more often, and diuretics were significantly less likely than patients with COPD and CHF without myocardial infarction. Patients with COPD and CHF with ejection fraction of the left ventricle (LVEF) more than 40% were less likely to take BB than patients with COPD and CHF with reduced EF (less than 40%), and also less frequently, than patients with CHF without COPD with LVEF more than 40%.Conclusion: BB, as first-line drugs in the treatment of CHF, was prescribed on an outpatient basis only to half of patients with COPD and CHF, which does not comply with current guidelines for the management of patients with comorbid conditions. In the vast majority of cases, highly selective BB were prescribed. It should be noted low doses of BB, the absence of dose titration, which does not correspond to modern recommendations for the treatment of chronic heart failure.
Gorban Features of autonomic regulation of heart rate depending on the composition of the body in young people
Authors: Gorban V. V. , Menshix V. S. , Gorban E. V. 
Published: March 2021

Objective: of the research was to study preclinical changes in heart rate variability (HRV) associated with overweight and obesity in young people in order to determine the targets of predictive therapy.Material and methods: the study involved 105 young men and 111 young women aged 18 to 30 years. Questionnaires, anthropometry with determination of body mass index and waist circumference, bioimpedansometry with determination of body fat (BF) and visceral fat (VF) level, as well as monitoring of HRV based on short (ten-minute) records were carried out.Result: young people of both sexes showed a high frequency of overweight (24.1%) and obesity (18.5%), as well as a low level of physical activity (FA, 46.3%). In 28.8% of young men and 12.5% of young women with overweight and obesity, there was a high level of VF. Taking into account the outstripping increase in VF as compared to BF, it is reasonable to divide the VF levels into low (<5 conventional units), intermediate (5-9 conventional units), and high (> 9 conventional units). In overweight young people, compared with normal body weight, HRV is characterized by less pronounced parasympathetic activity, and in girls compared with young men, there is less total HRV. A high HRV level is associated with such HRV indicators as an increase values of LF/ HF and SDANN, reflecting, respectively, a reduction in the parasympathetic and enhanced sympathetic activity of the autonomic nervous system with a predominance of the central circuit of heart rhythm regulation over the autonomous one.Conclusion: to diagnose autonomic imbalance in young people, it is necessary to determine the composition of the body, FA level, take into account the individual dynamics of HRV parameters, since they rarely exceed the norm. Changes in total HRV, sympathetic and parasympathetic activity during the non-drug correction of obesity should be monitored with an emphasis on pNN (50) and SDANN indicators associated with BF, and when correcting physical activity — on the indicator of voltage index of regulatory systems.
Association of general blood count indicators with the severity of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients
Authors: Gubenko N. S. , Budko A. A. , Plisyuk A. G. , Orlova I. A. 
Published: March 2021

Purpose: to study the relationship of the indicators of the general blood test with the severity of the course of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients.Materials and methods: the study included 165 patients (92 men — 55.8%, and 73 women — 44.2%, the average age — 59.9 years) who were treated at the Moscow State University Medical Center in the period from April to June 2020 with a diagnosis of COVID-19. All patients underwent: general blood test, CRP, CT of the lungs. The severity of the clinical condition was assessed using the SHOCK-COVID and NEWS-2 scales.Results: a more severe clinical condition of patients and a greater severity of lung damage on admission were statistically significantly associated with a decrease in the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin, as well as with a greater width of the distribution of red blood cells (RDW-SD). The rate of erythrocyte sedimentation (ESR) was significantly associated with the clinical condition of patients evaluated by SHOCK-COVID (r=0.61, p<0.001) and the marker of CRP inflammation (r=0.55, p<0.001). An increase in the absolute number of neutrophils (N), a decrease in the absolute number of lymphocytes (L), and, as a result, an increase in the N/L ratio index was a marker of a more severe course of the disease. It was the N/L index that had the maximum correlation coefficient with the most commonly used marker of systemic inflammation - CRP (r=0.50, p<0.001). The decrease in the level of CRP by discharge was associated with a significant decrease in ESR (r=0.36, p<0.001), the index of the ratio of neutrophil and lymphocyte levels (N/L) (r=0.39, p<0.001), and an increase in the width of the distribution of red blood cells (RDW-SD r=0.25, p<0.01; RDW-CV r=0.57, p<0.001).Conclusions: the most informative indicators of the general blood test at admission to the hospital, allowing to assess the severity of the disease — the width of the distribution of red blood cells, the index of the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes and ESR.
Health Care Cybersecurity Challenges and Solutions Under the Climate of COVID-19: Scoping Review
Authors: He Ying , Aliyu Aliyu , Evans Mark , Luo Cunjin 
Published: March 2021

Background
COVID-19 has challenged the resilience of the health care information system, which has affected our ability to achieve the global goal of health and well-being. The pandemic has resulted in a number of recent cyberattacks on hospitals, pharmaceutical companies, the US Department of Health and Human Services, the World Health Organization and its partners, and others.

Objective
The aim of this review was to identify key cybersecurity challenges, solutions adapted by the health sector, and areas of improvement needed to counteract the recent increases in cyberattacks (eg, phishing campaigns and ransomware attacks), which have been used by attackers to exploit vulnerabilities in technology and people introduced through changes to working practices in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
A scoping review was conducted by searching two major scientific databases (PubMed and Scopus) using the search formula “(covid OR healthcare) AND cybersecurity.” Reports, news articles, and industry white papers were also included if they were related directly to previously published works, or if they were the only available sources at the time of writing. Only articles in English published in the last decade were included (ie, 2011-2020) in order to focus on current issues, challenges, and solutions.

Results
We identified 9 main challenges in cybersecurity, 11 key solutions that health care organizations adapted to address these challenges, and 4 key areas that need to be strengthened in terms of cybersecurity capacity in the health sector. We also found that the most prominent and significant methods of cyberattacks that occurred during the pandemic were related to phishing, ransomware, distributed denial-of-service attacks, and malware.

Conclusions
This scoping review identified the most impactful methods of cyberattacks that targeted the health sector during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the challenges in cybersecurity, solutions, and areas in need of improvement. We provided useful insights to the health sector on cybersecurity issues during the COVID-19 pandemic as well as other epidemics or pandemics that may materialize in the future.
A Virtual Reality Game to Change Sun Protection Behavior and Prevent Cancer: User-Centered Design Approach
Authors: Horsham Caitlin , Dutton-Regester Ken , Antrobus Jodie , Goldston Andrew , Price Harley , Ford Helen , Hacker Elke 
Published: March 2021

Background
Public health sun safety campaigns introduced during the 1980s have successfully reduced skin cancer rates in Australia. Despite this success, high rates of sunburn continue to be reported by youth and young adults. As such, new strategies to reinforce sun protection approaches in this demographic are needed.

Objective
This study aims to develop a virtual reality (VR) game containing preventive skin cancer messaging and to assess the safety and satisfaction of the design based on end user feedback.

Methods
Using a two-phase design approach, we created a prototype VR game that immersed the player inside the human body while being confronted with growing cancer cells. The first design phase involved defining the problem, identifying stakeholders, choosing the technology platform, brainstorming, and designing esthetic elements. In the second design phase, we tested the prototype VR experience with stakeholders and end users in focus groups and interviews, with feedback incorporated into refining and improving the design.

Results
The focus groups and interviews were conducted with 18 participants. Qualitative feedback indicated high levels of satisfaction, with all participants reporting the VR game as engaging. A total of 11% (2/8) of participants reported a side effect of feeling nauseous during the experience. The end user feedback identified game improvements, suggesting an extended multistage experience with visual transitions to other environments and interactions involving cancer causation. The implementation of the VR game identified challenges in sharing VR equipment and hygiene issues.

Conclusions
This study presents key findings highlighting the design and implementation approaches for a VR health intervention primarily aimed at improving sun protection behaviors. This design approach can be applied to other health prevention programs in the future.
LOGIKA FUZZY MENENTUKAN JUMLAH PRODUKSI BERDASARKAN PERSEDIAAN DAN JUMLAH PERMINTAAN
Authors: Yenni Yusli 
Published: March 2021

The complicated to determine total of product will be production with stock, make the process of decision be slowly. The purpose of this research for implementated fuzzy logic Mamdani method for determine the total of production basis on the total of stock and the total of request at OSI Electronics Batam, Corp and description of accuracy level. The first process analyze the corporation data with total 12 data start from January – December 2015. The data will be processed using MATLAB application with first step is fuzzyfication defene the membership function. There are 2 information as fuzzy input request and stock and will be processed using triangle and trapezoid membership function. Next step is implicated all rules and this research using 26 rules, rule compositions and the last step is defuzzyfication using bisector method. The accuracy using fuzzy logic that was built were 91,67% and error 9,37%.
“Muitas vezes é mais cômodo conviver com uma falsa verdade do que modificar a realidade”
Authors: Soares Filipe 
Published: March 2021

Resenha do Livro Sobre o Autoritarismo Brasileiro. Na discussão, proponho uma interlocução com a autora, onde valorizo a importância e atualidade do tema. No texto são recuperados os principais argumentos, sem, contudo, deixar que sejam feitas as críticas necessárias à abordagem presente no livro.SCHWARCZ, Lilia Moritz. Sobre o autoritarismo brasileiro. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2019.
Epistemological Foundations of the Digital Technologies Used in Agriculture in Siberia
Authors: Alt V. V. , Chekusov M. S. , Isakova S. P. , Balushkina E. A. 
Published: March 2021

The authors substantiated the necessity for an epistemological approach to determining the main messages in the digitalization application by agricultural producers, taking into account natural and climatic, commodity-production and social factors.(Research purpose) To formulate the main messages when applying digital technologies in agricultural production, which determine epistemological approaches to their systematic use and allow increasing grain production by 2-3 times on the example of JSC Sokolovo.(Materials and methods) The authors applied a system analysis to agricultural production objects as to information field when describing them in the information space.(Results and discussion) The authors found that agricultural production objects were in an objective multiplicative relationship. Based on the results, a communication scheme between objects in agro-industrial production, reflecting their dialectical commonality was developed. They presented production objects as a resource characterized by a certain set of parameters and values. They showed the multiplicative nature of the resources relationship, describing the nature of the dependence by the method of passage to the limit. The authors identified general information requirements for solving the agriculture problems, crop production and for the means of processing this information in the amount of more than 2 petaflops. They established the necessary resolution for managing technical processes - less than 3 centimeters.(Conclusions) The authors proposed a paradigm for information support of technological processes in agricultural production. They confirmed the legitimacy of this approach to the paradigm formation by creating more than 20 databases. They gave examples of increasing the efficiency of grain production in the Novosibirsk region. The epistemological principles were based on the formulated six messages of information digital technologies, which made it possible to use them in more than 247 520 different combinations and apply to the whole farms variety, depending on their capabilities and desires.