bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomechanical Comparisons of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Avulsion Fracture Fixation Using High-Strength Suture and Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Suture Tape in a Porcine Model
Authors: Kubo Tatsuya , Takahashi Tsuneari , Kimura Masashi , Takeshita Katsushi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA wide variety of fixation methods have been reported to fix anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tibial avulsion fractures, but there have been no studies into the fixation of these fractures with ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) suture tape as an alternative to conventional thread. Type III ACL tibial avulsion fractures were created in 20 skeletally immature porcine knees. All specimens were randomized into two treatment groups: (1) pullout repair using no. 2 suture fixation and (2) pullout repair using UHMWPE suture tape fixation. The specimens were tested cyclically (20 cycles, 0–40 N, 100 mm/min) in the direction of the native ACL and loaded to failure (100 mm/min) on a tensile tester. Statistically significant differences between the structural properties (displacement, upper yield load, maximum load, linear stiffness, and elongation at failure) under cyclic loading and single-cycle loading were analyzed. Displacement during cyclic testing was 1.56 ± 1.03 mm in the UltraBraid group and 0.99 ± 0.48 mm in the SUTURETAPE group, with no significant differences found between the groups (p = 0.13). There were no significant differences in upper yield load (161.9 ± 68.9 N in the UltraBraid group, 210.4 ± 60.1 N in the SUTURETAPE group, p = 0.11), linear stiffness (14.7 ± 4.7N/mm in the UltraBraid group, 18.1 ± 7.9 N/mm in the SUTURETAPE group, p = 0.27), or elongation at failure (20.1 ± 8.0 mm in the UltraBraid group, 21.5 ± 7.2 mm in the SUTURETAPE group, p = 0.69). On the other hand, significant differences were observed in maximum load in the SUTURETAPE group (219.7 ± 89.2 N in the UltraBraid group, 319.3 ± 92.6 N in the SUTURETAPE group, p = 0.025).
Short- to Midterm Outcomes of a Novel Guided-Motion Rotational Hinged Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Yeroushalmi David , Laarhoven Simon Van , Tang Alex , Heesterbeek Petra J. C. , Hellemondt Gijs Van , Schwarzkopf Ran 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHinged prostheses have been increasingly utilized in complex and revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA) cases requiring additional mechanical support and global stability. However, there is limited data detailing the outcomes of modern hinge designs in these procedures. The aim of this study is to report a minimum 2-year functional outcomes and survivorship of a novel-guided motion-hinged knee TKA system. A multicenter, retrospective cohort study was conducted on consecutive TKA patients between March 2013 and August 2017 with a novel-guided motion-hinged knee system. Demographics, change in range of motion (ΔROM), quality metrics, and implant survivorship were collected with a minimum of 2-year follow-up. Implant survival was analyzed by using the Kaplan–Meier method. Overall, 147 hinged knee cases (18 complex primaries and 129 revisions) were identified with an average follow-up duration of 3.8 ± 1.2 years. Patients presented with an average of 2.4 ± 1.6 prior knee surgeries, and 51 (34.7%) had a history of knee infections. The ROM improved postoperatively: Δ extension = 2 ± 1 degrees, Δflexion = 7 ± 3 degrees, Δtotal ROM = 9 ± 4 degrees. Kaplan–Meier survivorship analysis for implant revision at 2- and 5-year follow-up showed a survival rate of 100 and 98.5% (95% confidence interval: 94.3–99.6%), respectively, with one patient undergoing two-stage revision for infection and another undergoing femoral revision for aseptic loosening. Survivorship for aseptic all-cause reoperation at 2- and 5-year follow-up was 93.2% (87.7–96.3%) and 88.2% (80.0–93.2%), respectively. Fourteen patients underwent aseptic reoperation (patellar complications: n = 7 [4.8%]; instability: n = 5 [3.4%]; tuberosity fixation: n = 1 [0.7%]; extensor mechanism failure: n = 1 [1.1%]). Survivorship for all-cause reoperation at 2- and 5-year follow-up were 85% (78.2–90.0%) and 77.7% (68.8–84.3%), respectively. Fifteen patients underwent reoperation for infection (DAIR: n = 14 (9.5%); two-stage revision: n = 1 [0.7%]). Despite some reoperations, this guided-motion hinged-knee TKA system demonstrates excellent survivorship for component revision compared to other modern hinged knee implants reported in the literature. Patients also displayed an improvement in knee ROM at their latest follow-up.
Dual Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty—No Benefit for Extremely Obese Patients
Authors: Lane Mark K. , Keeney James A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe performed this study to assess the effectiveness of multimodal total knee arthroplasty prosthetic joint infection (TKA-PJI) prophylaxis including “on-time” dual-antibiotic prophylaxis, and the influence of body mass index (BMI) on prophylaxis effectiveness. After obtaining Institutional Review Board approval, we assessed 1,802 primary TKAs (1,496 patients) who received cefazolin alone or cefazolin combined with vancomycin for TKA-PJI prophylaxis. A detailed chart review was performed to determine patient demographic features (age, gender, BMI, American Society of Anesthesiologists Score), antibiotic selection, vancomycin administration timing, and 1-year PJI rates. Statistical assessment was accomplished using a two-sided Student's t-test or Fisher's exact test. Patients who received dual-antibiotic prophylaxis with “on time” vancomycin infusion (Group CVt) had significantly lower infection rates than other TKA patients (0.8 vs. 2.7%, p < 0.01). “On Time” vancomycin administration was associated with a lower TKA-PJI rate for patients with a BMI < 45 kg/m2 (0.5 vs. 2.6%, p < 0.01) with no infections in 120 TKA patients with a BMI between 40 and 44.9 kg/m2 (p < 0.01). No difference was noted for patients with a BMI ≥ 45 kg/m2 (3.3 vs. 2.6%, p = 0.71). There were no infections in 150 TKA patients with a normal BMI (18–25 kg/m2) in any PJI-prophylaxis treatment group. Adoption of a dual-antibiotic prophylaxis approach can successfully reduce TKA-PJI rates among overweight and moderately obese patients. The approach does not appear to influence outcomes for low risk patients with a normal BMI (18–25 kg/m2) or for higher risk patients with a BMI > 45 kg/m2.
Revision TKA for Instability: Poorer Outcomes after a Previous Aseptic Revision
Authors: Tegethoff Jason D. , Walker-Santiago Rafael , Ralston William M. , Keeney James A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractInstability is a common indication for early revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA). The comparative performance of instability rTKA performed after primary TKA and instability rerevision TKA (rrTKA) performed after a previous rTKA performed for any aseptic indication have not been defined. This study was performed to determine the rate of adverse outcomes for patients undergoing aseptic instability TKA revision following a primary TKA or a previous aseptic any-cause rTKA. After obtaining Institutional Review Board approval, we retrospectively identified 126 rTKA and 28 rrTKA component revision procedures performed for an exclusive instability diagnosis between January 1, 2011 and April 30, 2018. We excluded patients undergoing isolated liner exchange, single component revision for mid-flexion instability, and patients treated with a constrained hinge. Patient demographic characteristics, medical comorbidities, time to initial revision TKA, and adverse postrevision outcomes (reoperation, component revision, infection, amputation) were assessed using paired Student's t-test or Fisher's exact test with a p-value < 0.05 used to determine significance. Patients in the rrTKA cohort were more commonly female (57.1 vs. 27.8%, p < 0.01), with no other demographic differences. The rrTKA cohort had higher reoperation (39.3 vs. 18.4%, p = 0.02) and component revision rates (25.0 vs. 8.7%, p = 0.03), with a trend towards early reoperation < 2 years after surgery (25.0 vs. 11.1%, p = 0.07). The rrTKA cohort also had higher adverse outcomes related to infection (14.3 vs. 1.6%, p = 0.01), extensor mechanism failure (14.3 vs. 3.2%, p = 0.04) and above-knee amputation (14.3 vs. 2.4%, p = 0.02). Component revision is beneficial for patients with TKA instability; however, higher adverse outcome rates occur after instability rrTKA performed after a previous aseptic any-cause rTKA. Infection prevention and extensor mechanism protection are important to minimize the most common adverse outcomes identified among patients undergoing aseptic rrTKA for instability.
Evaluation of Tibial Tunnel Location with the Femoral Tunnel Created Behind the Resident's Ridge in Transtibial Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Takahashi Tsuneari , Saito Tomohiro , Kubo Tatsuya , Hirata Ko , Sawamura Hideaki , Suzuki Takahiro , Takeshita Katsushi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFew studies have determined whether a femoral bone tunnel could be created behind the resident's ridge by using a transtibial (TT) technique-single bundle (SB)-anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. The aim of this study was to clarify (1) whether it is possible to create a femoral bone tunnel behind the resident's ridge by using the TT technique with SB ACL reconstruction, (2) to define the mean tibial and femoral tunnel angles during anatomic SB ACL reconstruction, and (3) to clarify the tibial tunnel inlet location when the femoral tunnel is created behind resident's ridge. Arthroscopic TT-SB ACL reconstruction was performed on 36 patients with ACL injuries. The point where 2.4-mm guide pin was inserted was confirmed, via anteromedial portal, to consider a location behind the resident's ridge. Then, an 8-mm diameter femoral tunnel with a 4.5-mm socket was created. Tunnel positions were evaluated by using three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) 1 week postoperatively. Quadrant method and the resident's ridge on 3D-CT were evaluated to determine whether femoral tunnel position was anatomical. Radiological evaluations of tunnel positions yielded mean ( ±  standard deviation) X- and Y-axis values for the tunnel centers: femoral tunnel, 25.2% ± 5.1% and 41.6% ± 10.2%; tibial tunnel, 49.2% ± 3.5%, and 31.5% ± 7.7%. The bone tunnels were anatomically positioned in all cases. The femoral tunnel angle relative to femoral axis was 29.4 ± 5.5 degrees in the coronal view and 43.5 ± 8.0 degrees in the sagittal view. The tibial tunnel angle relative to tibial axis was 25.5 ± 5.3 degrees in the coronal view and 52.3 ± 4.6 degrees in the sagittal view. The created tibial bone tunnel inlet had an average distance of 13.4 ± 2.7 mm from the medial tibial joint line and 9.7 ± 1.7 mm medial from the axis of the tibia. Femoral bone tunnel could be created behind the resident's ridge with TT-SB ACL reconstruction. The tibial bone tunnel inlet averaged 13.4 mm from the medial tibial joint line and 9.7 mm medial from the tibia axis.
Four-Dimensional CT Analysis of Dorsal Intercalated Segment Instability in patients with Suspected Scapholunate Instability
Authors: Athlani Lionel , Granero Jonathan , Rouizi Kamel , Hossu Gabriela , Blum Alain , Dautel Gilles , Gondim Teixeira Pedro Augusto 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background In this study we sought to evaluate the contribution of dynamic four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) relative to the standard imaging work-up for the identification of the dorsal intercalated segment instability (DISI) in patients with suspected chronic scapholunate instability (SLI).
Methods Forty patients (22 men, 18 women; mean age 46.5 ± 13.1 years) with suspected SLI were evaluated prospectively with radiographs, arthrography, and 4DCT. Based on radiographs and CT arthrography, three groups were defined: positive SLI (n = 16), negative SLI (n = 19), and questionable SLI (n = 5). Two independent readers used 4DCT to evaluate the lunocapitate angle (LCA) (mean, max, coefficient of variation [CV], and range values) during radioulnar deviation.
Results The interobserver variability of the 4DCT variables was deemed excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.79 to 0.96). Between the three groups, there was no identifiable difference for the LCAmean. The LCAmax values were lower in the positive SLI group (88 degrees) than the negative SLI group (102 degrees). The positive SLI group had significantly lower LCAcv (7% vs. 12%, p = 0.02) and LCArange (18 vs. 27 degrees, p = 0.01) values than the negative SLI group. The difference in all the LCA parameters between the positive SLI group and the questionable SLI group was not statistically significant. When comparing the negative SLI and questionable SLI groups, the LCAcv (p = 0.03) and LCArange (p = 0.02) values were also significantly different. The best differentiation between patients with and without SLI was obtained with a LCAcv and LCArange threshold values of 9% (specificity of 63% and sensitivity of 62%) and 20 degrees (specificity of 71% and sensitivity of 63%), respectively.
Conclusion In this study, 4DCT appeared as a quantitative and reproducible relevant tool for the evaluation of DISI deformity in cases of SLI, including for patients presenting with questionable initial radiography findings.
Level of evidence This is a Level III study.
Response Function Simulation of Labr3 (Ce) Scintillation Detector
Authors: Fida M A , Liu Fang , Li Min , Jiang Tianze , Fan Xiaoxue 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In Nuclear physics, gamma detection techniques are the most common ones being used for spectroscopy. Scintillation detectors find their applications in a large number of fields. The most commonly used and famous scintillation detector was NaI(Tl) that has been in use since the last 50 years. Recently, several new detectors have also been introduced commercially and they include lanthanum-based detectors. This study focuses on the response function simulation of the LaBr3(Ce) detector crystal. This is accomplished by developing a model that calculates various key properties for the detector crystal. This is done by using the Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) transport code. A complete model for the detector is developed to simulate the lab setup. The simulation is then used to obtain the energy distribution of pluses that are created in the detector. Several gamma sources are used to obtain the pulse height spectra to calculate our properties of interest. The effect of distance on the spectra is also simulated. For Cs137 (662KeV), the energy resolution comes out to be 3.447% and FWHM is 22.12 KeV. An increase in the incident gamma energy results in increased FWHM whereas energy resolution and detection efficiency show a decreasing trend. After simulations, the crystal was also studied experimentally. In this case, both the simulation and experimental coincided. This proves the validity of the model developed.
Accuracy Evaluation and Modification Method for Estimating Point Light Spot Positions with Gaussian Fitting Algorithm
Authors: Mao Shuai , Shen Jin , Wang Yajing 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This paper presents an accuracy evaluation method for point light spot position estimation with a Gaussian fitting algorithm combined with a centroid algorithm. Using centroid algorithm in the region around the Gaussian fitting distribution position estimation gets a position estimation value, and it is found that the deviation between this value and the Gaussian fitting algorithm position estimation approximately indicates the deviation between the Gaussian fitting algorithm position estimation and the real one. And at the basis of this finding, a modification method is proposed for position estimation with the Gaussian fitting algorithm. Experimental results show that the accuracy evaluation errors are less than 0.62 nm for 100- and 500-nm diameter fluorescent nanospheres, and the proposed modification method can enhance the accuracy by 3.1 nm.
Free Response Approach for the Second Order Partial Differential System with Time Periodic Coefficient
Authors: Huang Dishan , Liang Jiacheng , Xiao Liang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a new method to approach the free response of the second order partial differential system with time periodic coefficient is presented with a special form of a trigonometric series with mode functions, and it can be expressed in a closed-form solution. As a result that the partial differential equation with time periodic coefficient can be transformed into a linear algebra equations, from which a characteristic equation can be obtained. Then, complex oscillation frequency and all harmonic coefficients can be computed. All arbitrary constants in a general solution can be obtained with initial conditions. Investigations show that the proposed approach not only computes free vibration with multiple modes with higher accuracy, but also it is suitable to analyze vibration instability. So this study is valuable for vibration analysis in an elastic continuum with time periodic coefficient.
Measurement of Black Hole Spin via X-ray Reflection Spectra
Authors: Gan Ling 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The measurement of black hole spin is of great significance. The methods of measuring the spin have been discussed for a long time. For this important astrophysical problem, the paper begins with the significance of measuring a black hole spin and focuses on the theory of measuring the spin via the X-ray reflection recognized as iron line spectrum method. The paper also discusses the popular reflection models and explains the important parameters. Besides, the other methods of spin measurement are introduced, mainly comparing them with the X-ray reflection method. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of the X-ray reflection method are summarized.
Perception of Sound Source Localization in Wave Field Synthesis
Authors: Zhao X , Meng Z H 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The subjective perception of traditional spatial sound reproduction is limited by the position of the listener. Wave field synthesis (WFS) generate accurate sound reproduction in a large area by using speaker array without the limitation of the position of the listener. In the past, the research of WFS mainly focused on theoretical algorithm and simulation experiment. In this paper, the subjective location perception of sound source in actual WFS system is studied. The subjective experiments use three types of virtual sound sources with different distances and angles. It is found that distance has little effect on location perception overall. Subjective location perception is most accurate when the virtual sound source is 0 degrees. Perception of virtual sound source directions at 15 degrees, 30 degrees, and 45 degrees are all around 30 degrees, and the standard deviation of perception of virtual sound sources location at 45 degrees is largest. In terms of sound source type, there is not much difference between pure tone and narrow band noise.
The Optical Measuring System of Universal Time: Digital Zenith Tube
Authors: Cai Hongbing , Xu Jingsong , Chen Shaojie 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Universal Time is one of the Earth Orientation Parameters, which reflects the Earth’s rotation. Universal Time is the necessary parameter to build up the connection between the celestial reference frame and the terrestrial reference frame. In present, to measure Universal time relies mainly on Very Long Baseline Interferometry technique, but the period of gaining the observing result is a few weeks later although its measuring accuracy is very high. For shortening the data period and cutting the cost of observations, National Time Service Center constructed the Digital Zenith Tube net. In this paper, we state the structure of Digital Zenith Tube, its observation principle, observing features, observing process, and the system composing of the observing net. The Digital Zenith Tube net can also measure the deflections of the vertical of local stations which is an important parameter in the geodesy.
Calculation of Electric Field Distribution in the Simulating Device for Animal Experiment
Authors: Sun Tong , Chen Tao , Xie Ziyin , Kim Hakbong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
A main way to investigate the biological effects of 50Hz electromagnetic field is to conduct animal experiments by using the simulating device of 50Hz electromagnetic field. In order to determine the exposure strength of experimental animals in rearing cages in simulating device more accurately, the distribution of electric field should be simulated. Based on ANSYS, a software of finite element analysis, we simulated two-dimensional (2D) electric field distribution of the proposed simulating device of high voltage 50Hz electric field for a case when there were no rearing cages, and we validated those simulation results by comparison with actual measurements. Additionally, we simulated three-dimensional (3D) electric field distribution in the rearing cages for the cases when there was one rearing cage and when there were 8 rearing cages in the simulating device respectively. The simulation results showed that distribution of 50Hz electric field in rearing cage was not uniform when there were rearing cages in the simulating device, and the maximum difference was about 9kV/m. Therefore, based on the movement tracking of animals and the distribution of 50Hz electric field in rearing cages, the cumulative exposure dose of experimental animals could be determined accurately through integral method in order to increase the accuracy of experiments.
An Inversion Method for Geoacoustic Parameters of Multilayer Seabed in Shallow Water
Authors: Xue Yangyang , Lei Fuqiang , Zhu Hanhao , Xiao Rui , Chen Chao , Cui Zhiqiang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
To solve the problem of obtaining geoacoustic parameters of multi-layer seabed in shallow water, a geoacoustic inversion method based on Bayesian theory is studied in this paper. In this study, the seabed is assumed to be a horizontal layered elastic medium, and the error function is established according to the sound pressure field in the water layer and bayesian theory. The global optimization algorithm is used to obtain the three target parameters of wave velocity, density and wave velocity attenuation in each layer of the seabed. The designed optimization method can correct the parameters in the process of finding the solution according to the physical characteristics of the upper and lower layers. The simulation results show that this method greatly improves the stability and accuracy of the inversion results for the multi-layer seabed model.
Noise Intensity Estimation Method Based on PCA and Weak Textured Block Selection for Neutron Image
Authors: Pan Yao , Qiao Shuang , Zhao Chenyi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Noise intensity estimation has a very important application in image denoising. In image processing, the denoising method can achieve an ideal denoising effect under the assumption that the Gaussian noise intensity in the image is known. But in real denoising applications, especially the neutron image, the noise level is unknown, which will greatly affect the denoising effect of neutron image processing. In this paper, a method which combined the principal component analysis with weak texture block selection is proposed for noise intensity estimation of neutron images. The experimental results show that the proposed method can accurately estimate the Gaussian noise in the neutron image. Compared with the existing noise intensity estimation methods, the qualitative and quantitative results show that the proposed method has higher accuracy and stability.