bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacometric estimation methods for aggregate data, including data simulated from other pharmacometric models
Authors: Välitalo Pyry Antti Juhana 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLack of data is an obvious limitation to what can be modelled. However, aggregate data in the form of means and possibly (co)variances, as well as previously published pharmacometric models, are often available. Being able to use all available data is desirable, and therefore this paper will outline several methods for using aggregate data as the basis of parameter estimation. The presented methods can be used for estimation of parameters from aggregate data, and as a computationally efficient alternative for the stochastic simulation and estimation procedure. They also allow for population PK/PD optimal design in the case when the data-generating model is different from the data-analytic model, a scenario for which no solutions have previously been available. Mathematical analysis and computational results confirm that the aggregate-data FO algorithm converges to the same estimates as the individual-data FO and yields near-identical standard errors when used in optimal design. The aggregate-data MC algorithm will asymptotically converge to the exactly correct parameter estimates if the data-generating model is the same as the data-analytic model. The performance of the aggregate-data methods were also compared to stochastic simulations and estimations (SSEs) when the data-generating model is different from the data-analytic model. The aggregate-data FO optimal design correctly predicted the sampling distributions of 200 models fitted to simulated datasets with the individual-data FO method.
Graphic abstract
Optical control of purinergic signaling
Authors: Wang Tao , Ulrich Henning , Semyanov Alexey , Illes Peter , Tang Yong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPurinergic signaling plays a pivotal role in physiological processes and pathological conditions. Over the past decades, conventional pharmacological, biochemical, and molecular biology techniques have been utilized to investigate purinergic signaling cascades. However, none of them is capable of spatially and temporally manipulating purinergic signaling cascades. Currently, optical approaches, including optopharmacology and optogenetic, enable controlling purinergic signaling with low invasiveness and high spatiotemporal precision. In this mini-review, we discuss optical approaches for controlling purinergic signaling and their applications in basic and translational science.
Semantics impacts response to phonics through spelling intervention in children with dyslexia
Authors: van Rijthoven Robin , Kleemans Tijs , Segers Eliane , Verhoeven Ludo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe examined the response to a phonics through spelling intervention in 52 children with dyslexia by analyzing their phonological, morphological, and orthographical spelling errors both before and after the intervention whereas their spelling errors before the intervention were compared with those of 105 typically developing spellers. A possible compensatory role of semantics on the intervention effects was also investigated. Results showed that before the intervention, children with dyslexia and the typically developing children both made most morphological errors, followed by orthographic and phonological errors. Within each category, children with dyslexia made more errors than the typically developing children, with differences being largest for phonological errors. Children with dyslexia with better developed semantic representations turned out to make less phonological, morphological, and orthographic errors compared with children with dyslexia with less developed semantic representations. The intervention for children with dyslexia led to a reduction of all error types, mostly of the orthographic errors. In addition, semantics was related to the decline in phonological, morphological, and orthographic spelling errors. This study implicates that semantic stimulation could benefit the spelling development of children at risk for or with dyslexia.
Central questions about meta-analyses in psychological research: An annotated reading list
Authors: Buecker Susanne , Stricker Johannes , Schneider Michael 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA large amount of literature is available for researchers who are interested in performing meta-analyses in psychology. However, due to a large number of available sources and meta-analytic approaches, it can be difficult to get started with a meta-analysis when prior experiences are limited. In this annotated reading list, we provide an overview of and comment on 12 recommended sources that address the most relevant questions for conducting and presenting meta-analyses in psychology. Additionally, we point to various further readings and software packages that address more specific meta-analytic topics. With this guide, we aim to provide a starting point for researchers who wish to conduct a meta-analysis and for reviewers and editors who evaluate the quality of manuscripts presenting meta-analytic findings.
The Past, Present and Future of Surgical Education in Ireland
Authors: Traynor Oscar J. , O’Connell P. Ronan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) was founded primarily to advance the standards of surgical training and surgical practice in Ireland. Over the course of almost 240 years, the College evolved as a comprehensive University of Medicine and Health Sciences, delivering education not only in Surgery but also in Medicine, Physiotherapy, Pharmacy and Nursing. RCSI today has a large global footprint and runs healthcare education programmes in several international locations. The College works in close collaboration with the other surgical Royal Colleges in Great Britain and the four colleges have a common surgical curriculum. RCSI recognises the increasing challenges facing traditional surgical training models and therefore has developed structured education programmes to support the conventional apprenticeship model. Surgical training in Ireland includes comprehensive training in both technical (operative) skills and non-technical (human factors) skills. RCSI is committed to the integration of simulation in surgical training and has invested heavily in state-of-the-art simulation facilities and in next-generation education technologies such as virtual reality, augmented reality and Artificial Intelligence-based educational technologies. Formal surgical training programmes in Ireland are complemented by a range of Masters programmes in Surgical Science and Practice and also Human Factors in Patient Safety.
The first fossils of the most basal pseudoscorpion family (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones: Pseudotyrannochthoniidae): evidence for major biogeographical shifts in the European paleofauna
Authors: Schwarze Daniel , Harms Danilo , Hammel Jörg U. , Kotthoff Ulrich 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPseudoscorpions belong to the oldest terrestrial lineages with origins in the Devonian (ca. 385 Ma) but their fossil record is extremely sparse and little is known about their diversification over time. Here, we describe the first fossil species of the pseudoscorpion family Pseudotyrannochthoniidae that resemble the Devonian fossils in major details, such as the chaetotaxy of the pedipalps. We describe two new species, Allochthonius balticus sp. nov. from Baltic amber and Centrochthonius bitterfeldicus sp. nov. from Bitterfeld amber in northern Europe. Both species can unequivocally be assigned to extant genera and provide further evidence for dramatic range shifts in European invertebrate biota since the Paleogene. Allochthonius Chamberlin, 1929 is a diverse genus in eastern Asia (China, Korea, and Japan) today but does not occur anywhere in central Asia, Europe or North America. Centrochthonius Beier, 1931 is a poorly known genus but seems to be restricted to high altitude habitats in central Asia (China, Kyrgyzstan, and Nepal). With range retractions to regions more than 4600 km away from the European amber deposits, the fossils highlight total lineage extinction in Europe and survival in refugia that are climatically and botanically most similar to the Baltic amber forest of the Eocene. Overall, our results support the concept of morphological but potentially also ecological stasis in major pseudoscorpion lineages over long periods of time and agree with previous studies that suggested a warm temperate rather than subtropical or tropical climate for the time of amber deposition.
Using intrinsic vulnerability and anthropogenic impacts to evaluate and compare groundwater risk potential at northwestern and western coastal aquifers of Sri Lanka through coupling DRASTIC and GIS approach
Authors: Phok Ratha , Kosgallana Duwage Wasantha Nandalal , Sumana Bandara Weerakoon , Herath Mudiyanselage Thalapitiye Ge Pitawala , Hingure Arachchilage Dharmagunawardhane 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGroundwater vulnerability assessment has become a crucial step in successfully protecting groundwater against pollution. An attempt of this study has been made to evaluate groundwater contamination risk using intrinsic vulnerability and land-uses in Vanathavillu, Kalpitiya and Katana area in Sri Lanka, using coupled DRASTIC with GIS as feasible methodology. The findings reveal that the groundwater in the areas under study falls under very low to high contamination risk. The higher risk of contamination has been identified in most of the Kalpitiya (about 82%) with the moderate along the beach in the west and next to Puttalam lagoon in the northeast and southeast. This is mainly due to pollution risk inherent with intense vegetable cultivation, over pumping, shallow groundwater tables and permeable sandy soil. Vanathavillu is under very low to moderate contamination risk, in which the moderate risk (about 13%) has especially been found the center, central southwest and west of the area. The relative less deep groundwater tables, possible seepage from the underlying limestone aquifer and less permeable red earth soil could be cause for the moderate risk in the area. Furthermore, results show that the Katana has low to moderately high groundwater contamination risk. Nitrate has a good agreement with the different pollution risk classes and that nitrate can be used as an indicator of aquifer degradation inherent with land-use activities in the coastal areas. Groundwater quality monitoring network should be set up to minimize the anthropogenic acts, particularly in high and moderate contamination risk zones.
Geologic mapping and basement–sediment contact delineation along Profile X, Igarra–Auchi area, Southern Nigeria using ground magnetic and electromagnetic methods
Authors: Agoha Chidiebere Charles , Mgbeojedo Tochukwu Innocent , Okoro Eze Martins , Akiang Francis Begianpuye , Onwubuariri Chukwuebuka Nnamdi , Al-Naimi Latifa Shaheen 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOutcrop mapping as well as electromagnetic and ground magnetic surveys was carried out within Auchi and Igarra localities in order to attempt an interpretation of the geology of the areas and to delineate the boundary between basement and sedimentary terrains. Geologic mapping was done by collecting samples of outcrops at five different locations within the areas. Three lithofacies were identified within Auchi area and they are the basal shale unit, tabular cross-bedded sandstone unit and ferruginized sandstone unit. The pebbly shale is greyish black in colour; the cross-bedded sandstone unit is greyish white, coarse-grained at the base and finer at the top with pockets of clay, while the ferruginized sandstone is dark red. Rocks of the Precambrian basement complex underlie Igarra area. The area is underlain by metasediments that have been intruded by igneous rocks. Results show the presence of three major groups of igneous and metamorphic rocks within the area, and they are the migmatite–gneiss complex, metasediments and porphyritic granites. The electromagnetic and ground magnetic data acquired along Profile X located along Auchi–Igarra–Ibillo road were processed using Microsoft Excel Software and the resulting plots delineated areas with lower electrical conductivities and higher magnetic susceptibilities, as well as areas with higher electrical conductivities and lower magnetic susceptibilities. The areas with lower electrical conductivities and higher magnetic susceptibilities are interpreted to be underlain by basement rocks, while the areas with higher electrical conductivities and lower magnetic susceptibilities are underlain by sedimentary rocks. The plots also delineated the most likely basement–sedimentary boundary in the area.
Evaluating the effect of drill string rotation and change in drilling fluid viscosity on hole cleaning
Authors: Olawale Samuel Bright , Longe Promise O. , Ofesi Samuel Felix 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe most primitive hole challenge is cleaning the hole, which is more severe in deviated wells. This problem was tackled in this research via experimental analysis and graphical evaluations. To hit this aim, rheological parameters were experimentally obtained, and Noah’s model was used to determine cutting bed erosion time at varying heights. A graphical evaluation was done using a case study of deviated wells X and Y from a Niger Delta field. The result shows that low-viscosity fluid, KCL polymer fluid and high-viscosity fluid take 124, 283 and 342 min, respectively, to erode equal height as graphical evaluation shows that hole cleaning will grow complex on deviation. Thus, the deduction from this work in reducing non-productive time (NPT) related to hole cleaning in drilling operation is first, prior to making a trip, pumping low-viscosity fluid at a high flow rate. Secondly, during drilling, increasing drill string rotation in deviated wells can effectively stir the cuttings into the annulus above the low session of the hole.
ALEA – Adaptive eLEArning System – Lernende datenbankbasierte Lernsysteme in der Datenbanklehre
Authors: Schneider Kerstin , Keller Fabian , Habekost Pia , Schmeil Victor , Dampmann Markus , Schorch Florian 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungIm Bereich Datenbanken werden selbstentwickelte E‑Learning-Systeme an vielen Hochschulen seit Jahren erfolgreich verwendet. An der Hochschule Harz werden E‑Learning-Systeme im Bereich Datenbanken im Rahmen der Lehre und für die Lehre entwickelt, weiterentwickelt und eingesetzt. Das Gesamtsystem, welches die zusammengehörenden Systeme umfasst, wird als ALEA bezeichnet. Es werden relevante Komponenten von ALEA erläutert, die im Rahmen der Datenbanklehre für die klassischen Teilgebiete SQL, ER-to-Relational-Mapping und Normalisierung genutzt werden.
Strange Duality Between the Quadrangle Complete Intersection Singularities
Authors: Ebeling Wolfgang , Takahashi Atsushi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThere is a strange duality between the quadrangle isolated complete intersection singularities discovered by the first author and Wall. We derive this duality from a variation of the Berglund–Hübsch transposition of invertible polynomials introduced in our previous work about the strange duality between hypersurface and complete intersection singularities using matrix factorizations of size two.
Comparing performance on the Months of the Year Backwards test in hospitalised patients with delirium, dementia, and no cognitive impairment: an exploratory study
Authors: Hasemann Wolfgang , Duncan Nikki , Clarke Caoimhe , Nouzova Eva , Süßenbach Lisa-Marie , Keerie Catriona , Assi Valentina , Weir Christopher J. , Evans Jonathan , Walsh Tim , Wilson Elizabeth , Quasim Tara , Middleton Duncan , Weir Alexander J. , Barnett Jennifer H. , Stott David J. , MacLullich Alasdair M. J. , Tieges Zoë 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate performance of the Months of the Year Backwards (MOTYB) test in older hospitalised patients with delirium, dementia, and no cognitive impairment.

Methods
Secondary analysis of data from a case–control study of 149 hospitalised patients aged ≥ 65 years with delirium [with or without dementia (N = 50)], dementia [without delirium (N = 46)], and no cognitive impairment (N = 53). Verbatim transcripts of MOTYB audio recordings were analysed to determine group differences in response patterns.

Results
In the total sample [median age 85y (IQR 80–88), 82% female], patients with delirium were more often unable to recite months backward to November (36/50 = 72%) than patients with dementia (21/46 = 46%; p < 0.01) and both differed significantly from patients without cognitive impairment (2/53 = 4%; p’s < 0.001). 121/149 (81%) of patients were able to engage with the test. Patients with delirium were more often unable to engage with MOTYB (23/50 = 46%; e.g., due to reduced arousal) than patients with dementia (5/46 = 11%; p < 0.001); both groups differed significantly (p’s < 0.001) from patients without cognitive impairment (0/53 = 0%). There was no statistically significant difference between patients with delirium (2/27 = 7%) and patients with dementia (8/41 = 20%) in completing MOTYB to January, but performance in both groups differed (p < 0.001 and p < 0.02, respectively) from patients without cognitive impairment (35/53 = 66%).

Conclusion
Delirium was associated with inability to engage with MOTYB and low rates of completion. In patients able to engage with the test, error-free completion rates were low in delirium and dementia. Recording of engagement and patterns of errors may add useful information to MOTYB scoring.
Cyber—Physical Power System (CPPS): A review on measures and optimization methods of system resilience
Authors: Wu Gongyu , Li Zhaojun S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe Cyber—Physical Power System (CPPS) is one of the most critical infrastructure systems in a country because a stable and secure power supply is a key foundation for national and social development. In recent years, resilience has become a major topic in preventing and mitigating the risks caused by large-scale blackouts of CPPSs. Accordingly, the concept and significance of CPPS resilience are at first explained from the engineering perspective in this study. Then, a review of representative quantitative assessment measures of CPPS resilience applied in the existing literature is provided. On the basis of these assessment measures, the optimization methods of CPPS resilience are reviewed from three perspectives, which are mainly focused on the current research, namely, optimizing the recovery sequence of components, identifying and protecting critical nodes, and enhancing the coupling patterns between physical and cyber networks. The recent advances in modeling methods for cascading failures within the CPPS, which is the theoretical foundation for the resilience assessment and optimization research of CPPSs, are also presented. Lastly, the challenges and future research directions for resilience optimizing of CPPSs are discussed.
Betting on the Wrong (Trojan) Horse: CSR and the Implementation of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights
Authors: WETTSTEIN Florian 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTen years after the publication of the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs), implementation efforts are in full swing. Companies in particular have used their existing corporate social responsibility (CSR) structures to make sense of and implement Pillar II of the UNGPs. This process has led to a co-optation of the business and human rights (BHR) agenda. One manifestation of such co-optation is the instrumentalization of CSR to confront and undermine the growing trend towards binding BHR legislation. Accordingly, this contribution conceptualizes Pillar II implementation as a process of domestication, co-optation and confrontation of the BHR agenda. It makes sense of this process by juxtaposing it with long-standing critique against CSR put forth particularly by critical management scholars, raising the question whether CSR is indeed well-equipped to drive BHR implementation efforts within companies.
Why the United Nations is Not the Ideal Forum for Business and Human Rights: The UNGPs and the Right to COVID-19 Vaccine Access in the Global South
Authors: SANTORO Michael A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe research and development leading to the discovery and distribution of safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines demonstrated the indispensable nature of the pharmaceutical industry. While governments played an important role in financing these efforts by prepaying for dosages, it was private industry that delivered the scientific and technical miracles. At the same time, because of vaccine nationalism and hoarding, citizens of the global south have inadequate access to vaccines. This is a moral and human rights tragedy for which governments, not the pharmaceutical industry, are primarily responsible. This article argues that, as illustrated by humanitarian disaster of inadequate vaccine access in the global south, the failure of the UNGPs to adequately address the paramount role of government in human rights violations, even when there is shared responsibility with business, is a systemic failure that makes the United Nations an inappropriate forum for addressing business and human rights issues.
Organizational Learning Under Institutional Complexity: Evidence from Township Clusters in China
Authors: You Shuyang , Zhou Abby Jingzi , Zhou Steven Shijin , Jia Liangding , Wang Chengqi 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTDrawing from conceptualizations of organizational learning and institutional complexity, we advance the understanding of how the coexistence of multiple institutional logics in a community influences firms’ learning. Viewing communities where firms and local governments coexist as clusters, our analysis of 354 firms in 39 township clusters in China shows that government logic negatively moderates the positive effect of community logic on organizational learning; however, social connections between the community and local governments mitigate this negative effect. Modeling the relationship between the two logics in this manner extends prior conceptualizations of interfirm learning as a process of isomorphic diffusion of social norms and advances understanding of the role of institutions in organizational learning. This study also offers new insights for theoretical conversations on the compatibility and incompatibility of multiple institutional logics by demonstrating when logic multiplicity leads to conflicts and when it maintains harmony.
A large ‘discovery’ experiment: Gender Initiative for Excellence (Genie) at Chalmers University of Technology
Authors: Saline Maria , Sheeran Mary , Wittung-Stafshede Pernilla 
Published: June 2021

Sweden tops gender equality rankings, but Swedish academia is still lacking women in top positions. To address gender inequality in its faculty, Chalmers University of Technology has invested 300 million SEK (30 million Euros) over 10 years in Gender initiative for Excellence (Genie). Genie aims to increase the university’s success and excellence via gender equality efforts. In this editorial, we want to share insights on explicit efforts during Genie’s first 2.5 years with the goal to inspire and advise other universities and researchers.