bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TARAF SINKRONISASI HORIZONTAL PENGATURAN IZIN USAHA PERTAMBANGAN BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 4 TAHUN 2009 TENTANG PERTAMBANGAN MINERAL DAN BATUBARA DAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 9 TAHUN 2015 TENTANG PERUBAHAN KEDUA UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 23 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG PEMERINTAHAN DAERAH
Authors: Noor Ilmi Putri , Najib Imanullah Moch. 
Published: August 2021

<p>Abstract<br />The authority to issue Mining Business Licenses based on Law Number 4 of 2009 concerning Mineral and Coal Mining is owned by the Central Government, Provincial Government and Regency/City Government. Meanwhile, based on Law Number 9 of 2015 concerning the Second Amendment to Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government the authority to issue Mining Business Permits is owned by the Central Government and the Provincial Government. This article objective to discuss the implications of the regulation of mining business licenses that are not synchronized and efforts to synchronize the regulation of Mining Business Permits. This article is a descriptive analytical legal research. This research was carried out by the law approach. The data used are secondary data, namely the statutory provisions, the Regulation of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources, and the mining law literature with the technique of collecting study documents or library materials. So that the implications of these asynchronous arrangements can be resolved and the creation of an ideal Mining Business Permit arrangement.<br />Keywords: Synchronization; Implications; Mining Business Licenses; Investment.</p><p>Abstrak<br />Kewenangan penerbitan Izin Usaha Pertambangan berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 2009 tentang Pertambangan Mineral dan Batubara dimiliki oleh Pemerintah Pusat, Pemerintah Provinsi, dan Pemerintah Kabupaten/Kota. Sedangkan berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 9 Tahun 2015 tentang Perubahan Kedua Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah kewenangan penerbitan Izin Usaha Pertambangan dimiliki oleh Pemerintah Pusat dan Pemerintah Provinsi. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membahas mengenai implikasi pengaturan Izin Usaha Pertambangan yang tidak sinkron dan upaya sinkronisasi pengaturan Izin Usaha Pertambangan. Artikel ini merupakan penelitian hukum doktrinal yang bersifat deskriptif analitis. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan undang-undang. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder yaitu ketentuan perundang-undangan, Peraturan Menteri Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral, dan literatur hukum pertambangan dengan teknik pengumpulan data studi dokumen atau bahan pustaka. Sehingga implikasi dari pengaturan yang tidak sinkron tersebut dapat diselesaikan dan terciptanya pengaturan Izin Usaha Pertambangan yang ideal.<br />Kata Kunci: Sinkronisasi; Implikasi; Izin Usaha Pertambangan; Investasi.</p>
PROSES PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA DI LEMBAGA ALTERNATIF PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA PERBANKAN INDONESIA (LAPSPI)
Authors: Gabriel Pradipta Yosua , Budi Kharisma Dona 
Published: August 2021

<p>Abstract<br />This articels discusses how to discuss the process of dispute resolution at the Indonesian Institute for Alternative Banking Dispute Resolution (LAPSPI). In this study, the author uses empirical legal research methods. This research is descriptive. By referring to the invitation, the primary legal material used in this study is the legislation and secondary legal materials used consisting of legal books and relevant legal journals. The technique of answering legal material carried out by the author in this legal discussion is in the form of library studies, interviews or interviews. This study uses a qualitative method. Based on the results of the research and discussion, it was concluded that LAPSPI had 3 (three) services that could be used to complement banks that is mediation, adjudication, and arbitration.<br />Keywords: Banking disputes; LAPSPI; Banking Dispute Settlement.</p><p>Abstrak<br />Artikel ini bertujuan unutk mengetahui bagaimana proses penyelesaian sengketa di Lembaga Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa Perbankan Indonesia (LAPSPI). Pada penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan metode penelitian hukum empiris. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif. Dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, bahan hukum primer yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa peraturan perundang-undangan serta bahan hukum sekunder yang digunakan berupa buku-buku hukum dan jurnal hukum yang relevan. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum yang dilakukan oleh penulis di dalam penulisan hukum ini berupa studi kepustakaan, wawancara atau interview. Teknik analisa bahan hukum dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan metode kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan dihasilkan kesimpulan yaitu LAPSPI memiliki 3 (tiga) layanan yang dapat digunakan dalam menyelesaikan sengketa perbankan yaitu mediasi, ajudikasi, dan arbitrase.<br />Kata kunci : Sengketa perbankan; LAPSPI; Penyelesaian Sengketa Perbankan.</p>
PERLNDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP IBU PENGGANTI (SURROGATE MOTHER) YANG MENGIKATKAN DIRI DALAM PERJANJIAN SEWA RAHIM (SUROGASI) DI INDONESIA
Authors: Malindi Lintang Wistu 
Published: August 2021

<p align="center"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p><em>This study aims to analyze the legal protection on Surrogate Mother who bound into Surrogate Mother Agreement alongside the existence of Surrogate Mother Agreement based on Indonesia’s Civil Law. This tudy is normative legal research with analysis descriptive characteristic. The approach which was used in this research was statute approach. Type of data which was used in this research was secondary data which included primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. The technique of collecting the data in this research was literature study. Analytical technique in this research was done by law interoretation.The result shows that there are many violation on ther rights against Surrogate Mother cause there is no strong legal protection. Therefpre, there is a eed for strong legal protection from the state through its legislations policy. </em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>Surrogate Mother, Surrogacy Agreement, Legal Protection.</em></p><p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa perlindungan hukum terhadap ibu pengganti yang mengikatkan diri dalam perjanjian sewa rahim sekaligus eksistensi oerjanjian sewa rahim dalam perspektif hukum perdata di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif yang ebrsifat deskriptif analitis. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah pendekatan undang-undang. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah data sekunder yang terdiri atas bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan ialah melalui studi kepustakaan. Analisis data dilakukan melalui penafsiran hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pelanggaran hak-hak asasi ibu pengganti karena tidak adanya perlindungan hukum yang kuat. Maka dari itu diperlukan perlindungan hukum yang kuat dari negara melalui legistasinya.</p><p><strong>Kata Kunci: </strong>Ibu Pengganti, Perjanjian Sewa Rahim, Perlindungan Hukum.</p>
PERAN GRASSROOT ACTOR TERHADAP POTENSI TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI DALAM KEBIJAKAN BANTUAN PANGAN NON TUNAI (BPNT)
Authors: Gunawan ' 
Published: August 2021

<p><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p><em>Non-Cash Food Assistance (BPNT), has the ability as an effort to protect the community (Social </em> <em>Defense) and an effort to achieve community welfare (Social Welfare). At the implementation stage of the program, the legal events summarize the tug of war of interests in accessing resources played by grassroot actors. This article identifies and formulates problems in the question, how is the role of grassroot actors as a potential criminogenous correlative factor for corruption in the implementation of the BPNT program? This study aims to analyze the potential for corruption in the BPNT program to arise from the sociological implications of its application in society. The research study used is a normative juridical approach in both broad and narrow terms. The results found in this study are the potential for corruption, stemming from the role of grassroot actors who have excessive power in power relations to gain access to BPNT resources (single supply of foodstuffs to E-Warong). The strengthening of the potential for corruption is boosted by the discretionary behavior of program supervisors. It takes proactivity in the role of program guard (Government) in terms of its implementation.</em></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Bantuan Pangan Non-Tunai (BPNT), memiliki kemampuan sebagai upaya perlindungan masyarakat <em>(Social Defence)</em> dan upaya mencapai kesejahteraan masyarakat (<em>Social Welfare</em>). Pada tahap implementasi program, peristiwa hukumnya merangkum tarik menarik kepentingan dalam mengakses sumber daya yang dimainkan oleh <em>grassroot actor</em> (Aktor akar rumput). Makalah ini mengidentifikasi dan merumuskan problematika dalam pertanyaan bagaimanakah peran grassroot actor sebagai faktor korelatif kriminogen potensi tindak pidana korupsi pada implementasi program BPNT? Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis potensi timbulnya tindak pidana korupsi penyimpangan program BPNT bersumber dari sosiologis penerapannya di masyarakat. Kajian penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan yuridis normatif baik dalam arti luas maupun sempit. Hasil yang ditemukan pada kajian ini ialah potensi timbulnya tindak pidana korupsi, bersumber dari peran aktor akar rumput (<em>grassroot actor</em>) yang memiliki <em>excessive</em> power dalam relasi kuasa mendapatkan akses sumber daya BPNT (pasokan tunggal bahan pangan ke E-Warong). Penguatan potensi tindak pidana korupsi dibooster oleh perilaku diskresi supervisor program. Dibutuhkan proaktivitas peran pengawal program (Pemerintah) dalam hal implementasinya.</p>
PENDEKATAN SOSIOLOGI HUKUM DALAM MEMAHAMI KONFLIK PERATURAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Amin Rizal Irvan 
Published: August 2021

<p><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p><em>The issue of regulation has indeed become a lively discourse in recent years. Laws and </em> <em>regulations, which in essence is a set of regulatory systems to provide an orderly legal order and society, often creates conflicts, both internal conflicts between regulations and external conflicts involving government agencies and the community. The study of legal science in the perspective of sociological jurisprudence is a scientific instrument that makes sense to analyze the phenomenon of legal problems that occur in indonesia, this is because the beginning and the end of a regulation is society. The results show that regulatory conflicts occur because in practice the formation of laws and regulations often ignores procedural due process of law and substantive due process of law, one of the main points is that the widest possible public participation is required in the regulatory formation process. As a result, several regulations that have been produced often cause conflicts due to a mismatch between the substance of the regulations and the conditions and needs of the community.</em></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Isu permasalahan regulasi menjadi diskursus yang sering mencuat beberapa tahun terakhir. Peraturan perundang-undangan yang esensinya merupakan sekumpulan sistem aturan untuk menghadirkan tatanan hukum dan masyarakat yang tertib, justru realitanya sering kali memunculkan konflik, baik konflik internal antar peraturan maupun konflik eksternal yang melibatkan lembaga pemerintahan dan masyarakat. Kajian ilmu hukum dalam perspektif sosiologi hukum menjadi instrumen keilmuan yang masuk akal untuk membedah fenomena permasalahan peraturan perundang-undangan yang terjadi, hal ini dikarenakan hulu dan hilir suatu regulasi adalah masyarakat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konflik regulasi terjadi dikarenakan di dalam praktik pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan masih sering kali mengabaikan <em>procedural due process of law </em>dan <em>substantive due process of law </em>yang salah satu poin utamanya adalah dibutuhkan partisipasi publik yang seluas-luasnya di dalam proses pembentukan peraturan. Alhasil beberapa regulasi yang dihasilkan kerap menimbulkan konflik dikarenkan ketidaksesuaian antara substansi peraturan dengan keadaan dan kebutuhan di masyarakat.</p>
TINDAK PIDANA GRATIFIKASI DI INDONESIA DITINJAU DARI ASPEK BUDAYA HUKUM
Authors: Maradona Tigana Barkah 
Published: August 2021

<p><em>Seeing definition of meaningful gratification neutral provision, then the implementation of cultural value system of plant cultivation and reciprocation in the form of gift-giving when it is done the work environment of government, civil service, and organizers of the State, can be interpreted as a form of modus operandi of the practice of gratuities. Gratuity is a form of criminalization of cultural values reciprocation that basically prohibited is a gift related to their occupation, position or influence. Setting the Crime of Bribery in the formulation of the United Nations Convention against Corruption and the exclusion of the elements of the acceptance of gifts as a form of crime.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: Social system, Reciprocation, Gifts, Gratuities.</em></p><p> </p><p>Melihat definisi gratifikasi yang bermakna pemberian yang bersifat netral, maka Implementasi sistem nilai budaya menanam budi dan balas budi dalam bentuk pemberian hadiah jika dilakukan dilingkungan kerja pemerintahan, pengawai negeri, dan penyelenggara Negara, dapat ditafsirkan sebagai bentuk modus operandi dari praktek gratifikasi. Gratifikasi merupakan bentuk kriminalisasi terhadap nilai budaya balas budi yang pada dasarnya yang dilarang adalah hadiah yang berhubungan dengan pekerjaan, jabatan atau pengaruhnya. Pengaturan Tindak Pidana Penyuapan dalam rumusan United Nations Convention Against Corruption dan tidak dimasukkannya unsur-unsur penerimaan hadiah sebagai bentuk tindak pidana.</p><p><strong>Kata Kunci</strong> : sistem sosial, balas budi, hadiah, gratifikasi. </p>
Intelligently Predict the Rock Joint Shear Strength Using the Support Vector Regression and Firefly Algorithm
Authors: Huang Jiandong , Zhang Jia , Gao Yuan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTo propose an effective and reasonable excavation plan for rock joints to control the overall stability of the surrounding rock mass and predict and prevent engineering disasters, this study is aimed at predicting the rock joint shear strength using the combined algorithm by the support vector regression (SVR) and firefly algorithm (FA). The dataset of rock joint shear strength collected was employed as the output of the prediction, using the joint roughness coefficient (JRC), uniaxial compressive strength (σc), normal stress (σn), and basic friction angle (φb) as the input for the machine learning. Based on the database of rock joint shear strength, the training subset and test subset for machine learning processes are developed to realize the prediction and evaluation processes. The results showed that the FA algorithm can adjust the hyperparameters effectively and accurately, obtaining the optimized SVR model to complete the prediction of rock joint shear strength. For the testing results, the developed model was able to obtain values of 0.9825 and 0.2334 for the coefficient of determination and root-mean-square error, showing the good applicability of the SVR-FA model to establish the nonlinear relationship between the input variables and the rock joint shear strength. Results of the importance scores showed that σn is the most important factor that affects the rock joint shear strength while σc has the least significant effect. As a factor influencing the shear stiffness from the perspective of physical appearance, the change of the JRC value has a significant impact on the rock joint shear strength.
HPV16 E6-178G/E7-647G Promotes Proliferation and Inhibits Apoptosis in Cervical Cancer C33A Cells
Authors: Zhe Xiangyi , Xin Huizhen , Zhang Chunhe , Pan Zhenzhen , Li Dongmei , Li Hongtao , Jin Fuyuan , Long Haichen , Zheng Weinan , Shao Renfu , Pan Zemin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background：HPV16 is the main cause of cervical cancer. In our study, we aimed to investigate the role of HPV mutants HPV16 E6-178G/E7-647G in the proliferation and apoptosis of cervical cancer C33A cells. Methods：Plasmids encoding the HPV16 E7 prototype (E7-647A)-GV144, E7 mutant (E7-647G)-GV144, HPV16 E6/E7 prototype (E6-178T/E7-647A)-GV144, and E6/E7 mutant (E6-178G/E7-647G)-GV144 were stably transfected into cervical cancer C33A cells. Western blot analysis, CCK8 proliferation assay, cell cloning assay and flow cytometry were used to detect the effects of the different polymorphism sites in HPV16 on cell proliferation and apoptosis. Results：HPV16 mutations promoted the proliferation and inhibited the apoptosis of cervical cancer C33A cells, and the effect of the E6-178G/E7-647G co-mutation was significantly greater than that of the single E7-647G mutant (P<0.05). Conclusions：HPV16 E6-178G/E7-647G can thus promote the proliferation and inhibit the apoptosis of cervical cancer cells.
Biocultural key species: an assembly of biotic resources with biocultural importance
Authors: Gutiérrez-Santillán Tania Vianney , Estrada-Castillón Eduardo , Sánchez-Rojas Gerardo , Valencia-Herverth Jorge , Cuellar-Rodríguez Luis Gerardo , Sánchez-Salas Jaime , Robles-García Daniel , Vargas-Vázquez Víctor Abraham , Reyes-Zepeda Francisco , Santos Rodolfo Torres de los , Lara-Reimers Eduardo , Uresti-Durán Diana , Muro-Pérez Gisela , Castañeda-Gaytán Gamaliel , Figueroa-Serrano David , Hernández-Ramírez Daniel 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

The cultural importance assigned to biodiversity is a complex subject, its study has been developed from ethnobotany and ethnomicology, mainly. A new proposal to address cultural importance is from the biocultural key species. Therefore, integrating information on the knowledge and use of various biological groups, the species with the greatest cultural relevance were selected.
Methods

An index (BKSI: Biocultural Key Species Index) was integrated, which assesses the relevance based on general attributes associated with fauna, flora and funga. The study was carried out in the Náhuatl community called El Barco, Lolotla; in the Huastec Hidalguense region. Field work was carried out for two years (2018–2019) with 24 field trips. Percentage ethnographic method combined with snowball (10% of the population) were applied; and as the ethnographic tool multiple free listings (n = 50) were used.
Results

In total of 335 species associated to 537 traditional names in Spanish and indigenous language (Náhuatl) are reported, that belongs to different biological groups (fungi and plants; fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals). The biocultural relevance degree was categorized respect to the obtained value in the index (BKSI); a representative set of each biological group was selected, being those with the highest biocultural relevance.
Conclusions

It is proposed that these species constitute a useful tool in the application of programs that promote the conservation of diversity from a biocultural approach; they may even promote the proper use of resources or biological restoration.
PCF Design With Extremely High Nonlinearity And Extremely Negative Dispersion
Authors: Pandey Sanat Kumar , Maurya J.B. , Prajapati Yogendra Kumar 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this manuscript we designed a circular photonic crystal fiber (PCF) having three rectangular holes filled with GaP in the core region, three air hole rings and one annular air ring in cladding region. We found highest negative dispersion for the 1.8µm pitch alongwith very low confinement loss at wavelength 1.55µm. This designed PCF offers high nonlinearity (39612 W-1km-1) and high negative dispersion (-6586 ps nm-1 km-1) alongwith zero confinement loss at 1.55µm wavelength. We also compared the proposed PCF with the previously published PCF structure and found that the nonlinearity and negative dispersion of the designed PCF are very high in comparison to circular air hole based PCF. Another performance parameters viz. birefringence, numerical aperture, effective area and effective material loss are also analyzed.
Patient Age Associates with Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Density in Breast Cancer
Authors: Takada Koji , Kashiwagi Shinichiro , Asano Yuka , Goto Wataru , Ishihara Sae , Morisaki Tamami , Shibutani Masatsune , Tanaka Hiroaki , Hirakawa Kosei , Ohira Masaichi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Lymphocytes surrounding the cancer participate in tumor-related immune responses, and are called tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Several recent reports suggest TILs to index the tumor-microenvironment (TME), and predict the therapeutic effect of chemotherapy. However, only few studies have studied the relationship between age and TILs. Aging reduces host immunity, and we predict that it may also affect TILs. Thus, we hypothesized that older breast cancer (BC) patients may have low TILs density than younger BC patients. Here, we retrospectively analyzed the differences in TILs by age and the therapeutic effects of pre-operative chemotherapy (POC) in BC patients aged less than 45 years and more than 60 years.Methods: POC was administered to 356 patients. We confirmed and compared TILs density and therapeutic effects in patients aged < 45 years (n=75) and those aged >61 years (n=116). TIL density was evaluated using pre-treatment needle biopsy specimens. Definition and evaluation of TILs was based on the International TILs Working Group 2014.Results: Based on subtype, younger patients showed significantly higher pathological complete response rates than older patients with hormone receptor (HR)+ human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)+ and HER2-enriched BC. In HR+HER2+BC, the objective response rate was significantly high in younger than in older patients. Further, a significant difference was observed for overall survival between these patients with triple-negative BC.Conclusions: Our study suggests that younger BC patients possess significantly high TILs density than older patients. These differences may influence the therapeutic efficacy in highly immunogenic subtypes.
A Scatter Search Algorithm for Multi-Criteria Inventory Classification with Maximize the Satisfaction Level
Authors: Saracoglu Ilkay 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Inventory management requires thousands or millions of individual transactions each year. Classification of the items influences the results of inventory management. Traditionally, this is usually classified with considering an annual dollar usage criterion but maybe other criterias such as lead time, criticality, perishability, inventory cost, and demand type can be affected on that classification. The objective of this study is to determine the multi-criteria inventory classification (MCIC) of the inventory items to minimize the total inventory cost and also dissimilarity of classes. Because of the two objectives is considered to solve with together, the maximization of satisfaction level is described to solve the multi-objective problem. This study introduces a Mixed Integer Nonlinear Programming (MINLP) model of the MCIC problem by giving two objectives. A Scatter Search Algorithm (SSA) is used to solve the MINLP model for obtaining high-quality solutions within reasonable computation times. Finally, we illustrate an example and compare our results with other studies in previous literature.