bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Diabetes Mellitus and Atrial Fibrillation Prevalence in the Polish Population. A Report From the Non-Invasive Monitoring for Early Detection of Atrial Fibrillation (NOMED-AF) Prospective Cross-Sectional Observational Study
Authors: Gumprecht Jakub Janusz , Lip Gregory Y.H , Sokal Adam , Średniawa Beata , Mitręga Katarzyna , Stokwiszewski Jakub , Wierucki Łukasz , Rajca Aleksandra , Rutkowski Marcin , Zdrojewski Tomasz , Grodzicki Tomasz , Kaźmierczak Jarosław , Opolski Grzegorz , Kalarus Zbigniew 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background:The global burden of atrial fibrillation (AF) and diabetes mellitus (DM) is constantly rising, leading to an increasing healthcare burden of stroke. AF often remains undiagnosed due to the occurrence in an asymptomatic, silent form, i.e., silent AF (SAF).The study aims to evaluate the relationships between DM and AF prevalence using a mobile long-term continuous ECG telemonitoring vest in a representative Polish and European population ≥65 years, for detection of AF, symptomatic or silent.Methods:A representative sample of 3014 participants from the cross-sectional NOMED-AF study was enrolled in the analyses (mean age 77.5, 49.1% female): 881 (29.2%) were diagnosed with DM. AF was screened using a telemonitoring vest for a mean of 21.9± 9.1days. Results:Overall, AF was reported in 680 (22.6%) of the whole study population. AF prevalence was higher among subjects with concomitant DM (DM+) versus those without DM (DM-) [25%, 95%CI 22.5-27.8% vs 17%; 95%CI 15.4-18.5% respectively, p<0.001]. DM patients were commonly associated with SAF [9%; 95%CI 7.9-11.4 vs 7%; 95% CI 5.6-7.5 respectively, p<0.001], and persistent/permanent AF [12.2%; 95% CI 10.3-14.3 vs 6.9%; 95% CI 5.9-8.1 respectively, p<0.001] compared to subjects without DM. The prolonged screening was associated with a higher percentage of newly established AF diagnosis in DM+ vs DM- patients (5% vs 4.5% respectively, p<0.001). In addition to shared risk factors, DM+ subjects were associated with different AF and SAF independent risk factors compared to DM- individuals, including thyroid disease, peripheral/systemic thromboembolism, hypertension, physical activity and prior percutaneous coronary intervention/coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Conclusions:AF affects 1 out of 4 subjects with concomitant DM. The higher prevalence of AF and SAF among DM subjects than those without DM highlights the necessity of active AF screening specific AF risk factors assessment amongst the diabetic population. Trial registration: NCT03243474.
A novel approach to event-based progression analysis in glaucomatous visual fields
Authors: Rui Chiara , Montesano Giovanni , Crabb David P. , Brusini Paolo , Chauhan Balwantray C , Rossetti Luca M , Fogagnolo Paolo , Giraud Jean-Marie , Fenolland Jean-Rémi , Oddone Francesco 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy determining characteristic changes to the optic nerve head and the visual field (VF). Detecting progression of VF damage with Standard Automated Perimetry (SAP) is of paramount importance for clinical care. One common approach to detecting progression is to compare each new VF test to a baseline SAP test (event analysis). This comparison is made difficult by the test-retest variability of SAP, which increases with the level of VF damage, and the lower bounds on the range of measurement, meaning that damage cannot be assessed below a certain level. We performed a prospective international multi-centre data collection of SAP data on 90 eyes from 90 people with glaucoma and different levels of VF damage over a short period of time (6 tests in 60 days). Data were collected using a fundus tracked perimeter (Compass, CenterVue). We used these data (minus the first test) to develop an improved event analysis that accounts for both the change in variability with damage and the lower bound on the measurement imposed by SAP. Using simulations, we show that our approach is more sensitive compared to previously developed methods, especially in the case of advanced glaucoma, while retaining similar specificity.
High Optical Kerr Nonlinearity of PdSe2 Di-chalcogenide 2D Films for Nonlinear Photonic Chips
Authors: Moss David , wu jiayang , jia linnan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
As a novel layered noble metal dichalcogenide material, palladium diselenide (PdSe2) has attracted wide interest due to its excellent optical and electronic properties. In this work, a strong third-order nonlinear optical response of 2D PdSe2 films is reported. We conduct both open-aperture (OA) and closed-aperture (CA) Z-scan measurements with a femtosecond pulsed laser at 800 nm to investigate the nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refraction, respectively. In the OA experiment, we observe optical limiting behaviour originating from large two photo absorption (TPA) in the PdSe2 film of β = 3.26 ×10− 8 m/W. In the CA experiment, we measure a peak-valley response corresponding to a large and negative Kerr nonlinearity of n2 = -1.33×10− 15 m2/W – two orders of magnitude larger than bulk silicon. In addition, the variation of n2 as a function of laser intensity is also characterized, with n2 decreasing in magnitude when increasing incident laser intensity, becoming saturated at n2 = -9.96×10− 16 m2/W at high intensities. Our results show that the extraordinary third-order nonlinear optical properties of PdSe2 have strong potential for high-performance nonlinear photonic devices.
Development of a sensor and measurement platform for water quality observations: design, sensor integration, 3D printing, and open-source hardware
Authors: Kinar Nicholas John , Brinkmann Markus 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A measurement and development platform for collecting water quality data (the WaterWatcher) was developed. The platform includes sensors to measure turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), and water temperature as variables that are often collected to assess water quality. The design is extensible for research and monitoring purposes, and all design files are provided under open-source permissive licenses for further development. System design and operation are discussed for illustrative purposes. A block diagram indicates elements of mechanical, electrical, and software design for this system. The mechanical assembly used to house circuit boards and sensors is designed using 3D printing for rapid prototyping. The electronic circuit board acts as a carrier for an Arduino 32-bit microcontroller board and an associated cellular module along with a GPS for geolocation of water quality measurements. The cellular module permits data transfer for Internet of Things (IoT) functionality. System operation is set up using a command line interface (CLI) and C++ code that allows for calibration coefficients and human readable transfer functions to be defined so that sensor voltages are related to physical quantities. Data are cached on a secure digital (SD) card for backup. The circuit was calibrated, and system operation assessed by deployment on an urban reservoir. Biogeochemical cycles were identified in the collected data using spectrogram and semivariogram analyses to validate system operation. As a system with hardware and software released under an open source license, the WaterWatcher platform reduces the time and effort required to build and deploy low-cost water quality measurement sensors and provides an example of the basic hardware design that can be used for measurements of water quality.
On-site Dining in Tokyo During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Time Series Analysis Using Mobile Phone Location Data
Authors: Nakanishi Miharu , Shibasaki Ryosuke , Yamasaki Syudo , Miyazawa Satoshi , Usami Satoshi , Nishiura Hiroshi , Nishida Atsushi 
Published: April 2021

Background
During the second wave of COVID-19 in August 2020, the Tokyo Metropolitan Government implemented public health and social measures to reduce on-site dining. Assessing the associations between human behavior, infection, and social measures is essential to understand achievable reductions in cases and identify the factors driving changes in social dynamics.

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between nighttime population volumes, the COVID-19 epidemic, and the implementation of public health and social measures in Tokyo.

Methods
We used mobile phone location data to estimate populations between 10 PM and midnight in seven Tokyo metropolitan areas. Mobile phone trajectories were used to distinguish and extract on-site dining from stay-at-work and stay-at-home behaviors. Numbers of new cases and symptom onsets were obtained. Weekly mobility and infection data from March 1 to November 14, 2020, were analyzed using a vector autoregression model.

Results
An increase in the number of symptom onsets was observed 1 week after the nighttime population volume increased (coefficient=0.60, 95% CI 0.28 to 0.92). The effective reproduction number significantly increased 3 weeks after the nighttime population volume increased (coefficient=1.30, 95% CI 0.72 to 1.89). The nighttime population volume increased significantly following reports of decreasing numbers of confirmed cases (coefficient=–0.44, 95% CI –0.73 to –0.15). Implementation of social measures to restaurants and bars was not significantly associated with nighttime population volume (coefficient=0.004, 95% CI –0.07 to 0.08).

Conclusions
The nighttime population started to increase after decreasing incidence of COVID-19 was announced. Considering time lags between infection and behavior changes, social measures should be planned in advance of the surge of an epidemic, sufficiently informed by mobility data.
М. Н. Богданов и Ц. Ж. Жамцарано о развитии капиталистических отношений в бурятском обществе в начале XX в.
Authors:   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies, Siberian Branch of the RAS (6, Sakhyanova St., Ulan-Ude 670047, Russian Federation), Tsydene Shirap Ts. 
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The article considers works by leaders of the Buryat national movement M. N. Bogdanov and Ts. Zh. Zhamtsarano to provide insight into the issue of capitalist relations development in Buryat society during the early 20th century. Goals. The article seeks to determine specific features of the problem formulation thereto traced in studies conducted by the mentioned scholars. The research analyzes articles of M. N. Bogdanov and Ts. Zh. Zhamtsarano published at the beginning of the 20th century. The objectives set in the article are aimed at characterizing the social and political standpoints of M. N. Bogdanov and Ts. Zhamtsarano; revealing their attitudes to the problem of capitalist relations development among the Buryats; exploring general and special points in their reasoning. Conclusions. The study of socioeconomic development of the Buryats, including that of land relations, are associated with the resettlement campaign. Russian historiography notes that the ethnic intelligentsia considered the problem at the stage of the initial accumulation of capital with its inherent social stratification and manufacturing differentiation. It is also clear that the social and political affiliation of the authors had no significant negative impacts on the course of their judgments but did determine the specificities of their views. Despite this, they found common ground in their reasoning for each of the research areas.
Three-year Clinical Performance of Two Giomer Restorative Materials in Restorations
Authors: Ozer F , Irmak O , Yakymiv O , Mohammed A , Pande R , Saleh N , Blatz M 
Published: April 2021

Clinical Relevance
The clinical performance of both conventional and flowable giomer restorative materials was particularly good in Class I restorations after three years of service.

SUMMARY
This study evaluated and compared the clinical performance of a flowable and a conventional giomer restorative material after three years. Forty-four pairs of restorations (total n=88) were placed in Class I cavities with either a flowable giomer (Beautifil Flow Plus F00; Shofu Inc, Kyoto, Japan) or a conventional giomer restorative material (Beautifil II; Shofu Inc) after the application of a dentin adhesive (FL-Bond II; Shofu Inc) and a flowable liner (Beautifil Flow Plus F03; Shofu Inc). After 3 years, 39 pairs of restorations were evaluated with the modified United States Public Health Service criteria, and digital color photographs of restorations were taken at each patient visit. The evaluation parameters were as follows: color match, marginal integrity, marginal discoloration, retention, secondary caries formation, anatomic form, surface texture, and postoperative sensitivity. Evaluations were recorded as a clinically ideal situation (Alpha), a clinically acceptable situation (Bravo), or a clinically unacceptable situation (Charlie). Data were analyzed with Fisher’s exact and McNemar tests (α=0.05).
None of the restorations showed retention loss, postoperative sensitivity, secondary caries, or color change. The performance of Beautifil II in terms of marginal integrity, marginal discoloration, and surface anatomic form was significantly lower at the 36-month follow-up than at baseline (p=0.007). There were no significant differences between the baseline and 36-month follow-up scores for the other criteria for Beautifil II (p&gt;0.05). No differences were found between the baseline and the 36-month follow-up scores for any of the criteria for Beautifil Flow Plus F00 (p&gt;0.05). No statistically significant difference in overall clinical performance was found between the 2 materials after 36 months (p&gt;0.05).
The three-year clinical performance of both restorative materials (Beautifil Flow Plus F00 and Beautifil II) was very good and not significantly different for any of the parameters evaluated.
The role of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in food intolerances
Authors: Ukleja-Sokołowska Natalia , Bartuzi Marcelina 
Published: April 2021

Food intolerances are increasingly common in populations of developed countries. One of the important factors in the etiopathogenesis of this phenomenon is disorders of the bacterial composition of the human gastrointestinal tract. The development of civilization as well as the increasing production of processed food contribute to the increased incidence of diseases of the digestive system, such as small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and food intolerances. These conditions may occur separately or coexist in one patient. The incidence of food intolerances and also allergies, continues to increase. It is estimated that factors such as stress, inadequate lifestyle, excessive consumption of processed, modified foods may contribute to this phenomenon.
The article presents the relationship between bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine and the effect on various aspects of food intolerances, both in the context of diagnosis and the course of these diseases on the basis of recent research. The nature od low-FODMAP diet was presented, as well as its effect on the clinical course of SIBO and food intolerances.
Lire la littérature médiévale en classe de français langue étrangère : une utopie ?
Authors: Burg Gaëlle 
Published: April 2021

Si le corpus littéraire traditionnellement utilisé dans l’enseignement secondaire et supérieur du FLE emprunte le plus souvent à la littérature des 19e, 20e et 21e siècles, plus rarement aux œuvres du 16e, 17e et 18e siècle, que dire des textes plus anciens, ceux du Moyen Âge ? Les recensions montrent qu’ils sont totalement ignorés. Notre article voudrait défendre l’intérêt d’un enseignement de la littérature médiévale en FLE et soutenir les enseignant·e·s en leur fournissant des pistes d’activités efficaces permettant aux apprenant·e·s de dépasser les difficultés que suppose une lecture littéraire authentique. Pour ce faire, nous inscrivons notre démarche dans le sillage des méthodologies de l’approche globale des textes écrits (Moirand, 1979), et de la lecture interactive (Cicurel, 1991).
Effects of Perceived Organizational Support and Leader Member Exchange on Individual Risk Taking
Authors: Weatherhead Julie 
Published: April 2021

People’s relationships with their organization and their managers have significant effects on their work and their workplace attitudes. In this paper we look at the relationship between perceived organizational support (POS), leader member exchange (LMX), and risk taking. Workers with high levels of POS and LMX have more organizational commitment, have lower absenteeism and turnover rates, and exhibit more citizenship behaviour. We hypothesize that the higher the level of POS and LMX the more likely a person will be to take constructive versus destructive risk. Constructive risk is defined as risk involved in innovation and creativity, and is therefore desirable for organizations. This paper also looks at the links between Perceived Organizational Support and Leader Member Exchange, and at which of these factors is more influential on risk taking. This will allow organizations to best allocate their time and energy on initiatives linked to raising POS and LMX to get the highest return. This paper reflects initial findings of three separate studies looking at POS, LMX and risk taking.
Anatomical Measurement of Normal Eustachian Tube on the Temporal Bone Computed Tomography Imaging
Authors: Ratag Yanti Anita , Asriyani Sri , Murtala Bachtiar , Gaffar Masyita 
Published: April 2021

Tujuan: Menggambarkan pengukuran anatomis tuba Eustachius normal pada pencitraan Computed Tomography (CT) tulang temporal. Metode: Ini adalah penelitian deskriptif tuba Eustachius normal dengan mengukur diameter pretimpani, sudut tubotimpani dan panjang pars kartilago tuba Eustachius normal menggunakan teknik rekonstruksi multiplanar pada pencitraan CT tulang temporal dari 58 sampel di beberapa rumah sakit di Makassar. Semua sampel dibagi lagi menjadi kelompok laki-laki dan perempuan, serta kelompok sisi kanan dan kiri. Kami juga membagi sampel menjadi 6 kelompok usia. Hasil: Rerata diameter pretimpani pada kelompok pria adalah 4,62 mm dan pada kelompok wanita adalah 4,36 mm. Rerata diameter pretimpani adalah 4,59 mm pada kelompok sisi kanan dan 4,36 mm pada kelompok sisi kiri. Rerata sudut tubotimpani adalah 143,5o pada kelompok pria dan 143,3o pada kelompok wanita. Nilai rerata sudut tubotimpani tidak memiliki perbedaan di kedua sisi telinga. Rerata panjang pars kartilago tidak memiliki perbedaan antara kelompok pria dan wanita dan juga antara sisi kanan dan kiri. Simpulan: Diameter pretimpani lebih besar pada kelompok pria dan kelompok sisi kanan. Sudut tubotimpani dan panjang kartilago tuba Eustachius tidak memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan pada semua kelompok.Kata kunci: tuba eustachius, diameter pretimpani, sudut tubotimpani, panjang kartilago, CT tulang tempor
Kemampuan Predasi Ikan Kepala Timah Aplocheilus panchax Jantan dan Betina Terhadap Larva Nyamuk Aedes aegypti
Authors: Lukas Jonathan Loody , Adrianto Hebert , Darmanto Arief Gunawan 
Published: April 2021

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) masih menjadi masalah utama di Indonesia sampai sekarang. Pemanfaatan ikan kepala timah (Aplocheilus panchax / A. panchax) sebagai pengendali vektor secara biologis bertujuan untuk memutus rantai penularan. Tujuan: Menentukan kemampuan predasi dan keefektifan ikan A. panchax jantan dan betina terhadap larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode post-test only design. Pengamatan dilakukan dengan menghitung jumlah larva yang dipredasi setiap lima menit hingga 20 larva habis termakan kemudian dianalisis dengan independent sample t-test untuk mengetahui rerata kemampuan predasi kedua kelompok ikan. Hasil: (1) ikan betina memakan rerata 9.20 larva per lima menit sedangkan ikan jantan 7.40 larva per lima menit. (2) ikan betina paling cepat menghabiskan 20 larva nyamuk dalam waktu 6 menit 44 detik sedangkan ikan jantan 9 menit 8 detik. Simpulan: Ikan A. panchax betina lebih efektif dari yang jantan sehingga berpotensi untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai pengendalian vektor DBD.Kata kunci: aplocheilus panchax, aedes aegypti, DBD, pengendalian vektor
MORPHOLOGICAL DEVIATIONS PRODUCED BY INDONESIAN ADOLESCENT DYSLEXIC READERS
Authors: Kirana Angkita Wasito , Syukri Masitha Achmad , Kwary Deny Arnos 
Published: April 2021

Even though the major problem of dyslexic readers is in their phonological awareness, morphological complexity of a language might also affect their performance in reading, especially for language with transparent orthography like the Indonesian language. This study aims to find the patterns of morphological deviations produced by Indonesian dyslexic adolescents during a reading activity. In this study, a set of instrument consisting of 160 words that were chosen based on their morphological complexity is prepared. The words were then combined into 55 sentences which then were asked to be read aloud by the participants. The result of morphological deviations indicated that the deviations occured equally frequent both in inflectional and derivational affixes. Most of the morphological deviation (i.e. 96%) occured in polymorphemic words. In addition, participants tend to simplify the polymorphemic words by omitting the affixes and reading only the root instead. At least 58% of the deviations were affix ommision. This means teachers of dyslexic readers need to provide more training on polymorphemic words, particularly those that have affixes.
CONTRASTING MARKED AND UNMARKED QUESTIONS: A CASE OF SIHS IN INDONESIAN
Authors: Mutiara Rika 
Published: April 2021

Discourse marker sih is a common feature of questions in colloquial Indonesian. The results of previous research show a contrast function of sihs in questions. The questions in which sihs occur are called marked questions. The present study explored the functions of sihs by contrasting marked and unmarked questions produced by the same speakers. The marked questions can occur before the unmarked questions or in reverse order. In both patterns, the marked questions indicate speakers’ great willingness to know. They also show speakers’ way to attract hearers’ attention. The unmarked questions were used when the speakers elicit more accurate and precious answers. Moreover, they were uttered when the hearers do not catch the idea mentioned in the first question. They were uttered because the hearers’ ask for repetition.