bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attrition Within Digital Health Interventions for People With Multiple Sclerosis: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Bevens William , Weiland Tracey , Gray Kathleen , Jelinek George , Neate Sandra , Simpson-Yap Steve 
Published: October 2021

Background
Digital health interventions have revolutionized multiple sclerosis (MS) care by supporting people with MS to better self-manage their disease. It is now understood that the technological elements that comprise this category of digital health interventions can influence participant engagement in self-management programs, and people with MS can experience significant barriers, influenced by these elements, to remaining engaged during a period of learning. It is essential to explore the influence of technological elements in mitigating attrition.

Objective
This study aimed to examine the study design and technological elements of documented digital health interventions targeted at people with MS—digital health interventions that were intended to support a program of engagement over a defined period—and to explore how these correlated with attrition among participants of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs (n=32) describing digital health self-management interventions for people with MS. We analyzed attrition in included studies, using a random-effects model and meta-regression to measure the association between potential moderators.

Results
There were no measured differences in attrition between the intervention and control arms; however, some of the heterogeneity observed was explained by the composite technological element score. The pooled attrition rates for the intervention and control arms were 14.7% and 15.6%, respectively.

Conclusions
This paper provides insight into the technological composition of digital health interventions designed for people with MS and describes the degree of attrition in both study arms. This paper will aid in the design of future studies in this area, particularly for digital health interventions of this type.
The Application of e-Mental Health in Response to COVID-19: Scoping Review and Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Ellis Louise A , Meulenbroeks Isabelle , Churruca Kate , Pomare Chiara , Hatem Sarah , Harrison Reema , Zurynski Yvonne , Braithwaite Jeffrey 
Published: October 2021

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic and its mitigation measures and impacts, such as shelter-in-place orders, social isolation, restrictions on freedoms, unemployment, financial insecurity, and disrupted routines, have led to declines in mental health worldwide and concomitant escalating demands for mental health services. Under the circumstances, electronic mental health (e-mental health) programs and services have rapidly become the “new normal.”

Objective
The aim of this study was to assess key characteristics and evidence gaps in the e-mental health literature published in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic via a scoping review and bibliometric analysis.

Methods
We conducted a search of four academic databases (ie, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycInfo, and CINAHL) for documents published from December 31, 2019, to March 31, 2021, using keywords for e-mental health and COVID-19. Article information was extracted that was relevant to the review objective, including journal, type of article, keywords, focus, and corresponding author. Information was synthesized by coding these attributes and was then summarized through descriptive statistics and narrative techniques. Article influence was examined from Altmetric and CiteScore data, and a network analysis was conducted on article keywords.

Results
A total of 356 publications were included in the review. Articles on e-mental health quickly thrived early in the pandemic, with most articles being nonempirical, chiefly commentaries or opinions (n=225, 63.2%). Empirical publications emerged later and became more frequent as the pandemic progressed. The United States contributed the most articles (n=160, 44.9%), though a notable number came from middle-income countries (n=59, 16.6%). Articles were spread across 165 journals and had above-average influence (ie, almost half of the articles were in the top 25% of output scores by Altmetric, and the average CiteScore across articles was 4.22). The network analysis of author-supplied keywords identified key topic areas, including specific mental disorders, eHealth modalities, issues and challenges, and populations of interest. These were further explored via full-text analysis. Applications of e-mental health during the pandemic overcame, or were influenced by, system, service, technology, provider, and patient factors.

Conclusions
COVID-19 has accelerated applications of e-mental health. Further research is needed to support the implementation of e-mental health across system and service infrastructures, alongside evidence of the relative effectiveness of e-mental health in comparison to traditional modes of care.
Investigating Unhealthy Alcohol Use As an Independent Risk Factor for Increased COVID-19 Disease Severity: Observational Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Bhalla Sameer , Sharma Brihat , Smith Dale , Boley Randy , McCluskey Connor , Ilyas Yousaf , Afshar Majid , Balk Robert , Karnik Niranjan , Keshavarzian Ali 
Published: October 2021

Background
Unhealthy alcohol use (UAU) is known to disrupt pulmonary immune mechanisms and increase the risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with pneumonia; however, little is known about the effects of UAU on outcomes in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. To our knowledge, this is the first observational cross-sectional study that aims to understand the effect of UAU on the severity of COVID-19.

Objective
We aim to determine if UAU is associated with more severe clinical presentation and worse health outcomes related to COVID-19 and if socioeconomic status, smoking, age, BMI, race/ethnicity, and pattern of alcohol use modify the risk.

Methods
In this observational cross-sectional study that took place between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2020, we ran a digital machine learning classifier on the electronic health record of patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 via nasopharyngeal swab or had two COVID-19 International Classification of Disease, 10th Revision (ICD-10) codes to identify patients with UAU. After controlling for age, sex, ethnicity, BMI, smoking status, insurance status, and presence of ICD-10 codes for cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes, we then performed a multivariable regression to examine the relationship between UAU and COVID-19 severity as measured by hospital care level (ie, emergency department admission, emergency department admission with ventilator, or death). We used a predefined cutoff with optimal sensitivity and specificity on the digital classifier to compare disease severity in patients with and without UAU. Models were adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, BMI, smoking status, and insurance status.

Results
Each incremental increase in the predicted probability from the digital alcohol classifier was associated with a greater odds risk for more severe COVID-19 disease (odds ratio 1.15, 95% CI 1.10-1.20). We found that patients in the unhealthy alcohol group had a greater odds risk to develop more severe disease (odds ratio 1.89, 95% CI 1.17-3.06), suggesting that UAU was associated with an 89% increase in the odds of being in a higher severity category.

Conclusions
In patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, UAU is an independent risk factor associated with greater disease severity and/or death.
Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Ulcer and Hemorrhage Using Wireless Capsule Endoscopy: Systematic Review and Diagnostic Test Accuracy Meta-analysis
Authors: Bang Chang Seok , Lee Jae Jun , Baik Gwang Ho 
Published: October 2021

Background
Interpretation of capsule endoscopy images or movies is operator-dependent and time-consuming. As a result, computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) has been applied to enhance the efficacy and accuracy of the review process. Two previous meta-analyses reported the diagnostic performance of CAD models for gastrointestinal ulcers or hemorrhage in capsule endoscopy. However, insufficient systematic reviews have been conducted, which cannot determine the real diagnostic validity of CAD models.

Objective
To evaluate the diagnostic test accuracy of CAD models for gastrointestinal ulcers or hemorrhage using wireless capsule endoscopic images.

Methods
We conducted core databases searching for studies based on CAD models for the diagnosis of ulcers or hemorrhage using capsule endoscopy and presenting data on diagnostic performance. Systematic review and diagnostic test accuracy meta-analysis were performed.

Results
Overall, 39 studies were included. The pooled area under the curve, sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio of CAD models for the diagnosis of ulcers (or erosions) were .97 (95% confidence interval, .95–.98), .93 (.89–.95), .92 (.89–.94), and 138 (79–243), respectively. The pooled area under the curve, sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio of CAD models for the diagnosis of hemorrhage (or angioectasia) were .99 (.98–.99), .96 (.94–0.97), .97 (.95–.99), and 888 (343–2303), respectively. Subgroup analyses showed robust results. Meta-regression showed that published year, number of training images, and target disease (ulcers vs erosions, hemorrhage vs angioectasia) was found to be the source of heterogeneity. No publication bias was detected.

Conclusions
CAD models showed high performance for the optical diagnosis of gastrointestinal ulcer and hemorrhage in wireless capsule endoscopy.
UMA ANÁLISE DOS MECANISMOS DE CONCEPTUALIZAÇÃO DO VERBO “CAIR” EM DADOS MULTIMODAIS
Authors: Passos Hayat , Lisboa André , Graça Beatriz , Avelar Maíra 
Published: October 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar seis ocorrências do verbo “cair” abrigadas no Distributed Little Red Hen Lab, uma biblioteca de dados multimodais, a fim de descrever diferentes Modos de Representação e Esquemas Imagéticos corporificados nos gestos. Para isso, do ponto de vista teórico, recorremos às noções de Esquema Verbal, Modelos Cognitivos Idealizados, Frames, Esquemas Imagéticos, Construal, subjetividade e intersubjetividade. Além dessas noções, também abordamos a inter-relação entre metáforas e gestos; e, posteriormente, discutimos a respeito dos Modos de Representação Gestual. Do ponto de vista metodológico, desenvolvemos nossas análises baseando-nos no Sistema Linguístico de Notação Gestual (LASG), proposto por Bressem e colaboradoras (2013) e nas Orientações para a Análise de Metáforas nos Gestos (MIG-G), propostas por Cienki (2017). Foram selecionadas para análise seis ocorrências do verbo “cair”, a partir do critério de categorização “mais metafóricas” ou “menos prototípicas”, sendo que cada ocorrência funcionou de forma distinta: elas apresentaram diferentes Modos de Representação: “Holding/Molding (Segurar/Moldar –3D)”, “Enacting (Encenar)” e “Drawing” (Desenhar) e diferentes referentes físicos retratados no gesto: delimitar barreiras, objeto e desenhar um gráfico. Além disso, três ocorrências instanciaram nos gestos o Esquema Imagético Trajetória, uma ocorrência instanciou o Esquema Imagético objeto e a metáfora conceptual “ideias são objetos”, correlacionada verbalmente a uma expressão idiomática com sentido metafórico. Outras duas ocorrências instanciaram a metáfora orientacional less is down (“Menos é para baixo”) e o Esquema Imagético Trajetória.
Caracterización de la Dispensación y la Administración de un Anticonceptivo Inyectable Frente a la Normatividad Vigente en Colombia
Authors: Clavijo Cohen Germán , González Rozo Zareth Vanessa 
Published: October 2021

Objetivo. Caracterizar las buenas prácticas de dispensación y administración del producto inyectable Cyclofem en los servicios farmacéuticos de baja complejidad (SFBC), en una localidad de Bogotá D.C.Métodos. Estudio descriptivo, en el cual se adecuó el instrumento de simulación de compra, presencial divulgado por Vacca, (2011, p.588); dicho instrumento se aplicó en los SFBC de una localidad de BOGOTA D.C. La muestra final correspondiócon 265 SFBC, con una confiabilidad del 95%.Resultados. Se encontró que el 88% de los SFBC dispensaban Cyclofem sin prescripción médica, y solo una (1) requirió la prescripción para la dispensación, del medicamento.Conclusiones. La normatividad colombiana exige que el personal a cargo de servicios farmacéuticos dispense y administre los anticonceptivos inyectables bajo prescripción médica, de acuerdo con los resultados del estudio, dicha exigencia no se acata en los SFBC de la ciudad de Bogotá D.C.
Bienestar psicológico en estudiantes de educación superior
Authors: Téllez Bedoya Carolina 
Published: October 2021

El propósito del estudio fue desarrollar una revisión acerca del Bienestar Psicológico, especialmente en estudiantes universitarios. Para ello, se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de literatura adaptando la metodología planteada por Tranfield, Denyer y Smart (2003), propuesta en tres etapas, planeación de la revisión, desarrollo de la revisión (noventa y un estudios nacionales e internacionales) y reporte, iniciando desde el concepto de bienestar hasta la definición de bienestar psicológico desde una perspectiva multidimensional.
Así mismo, se presentan diversas estrategias para favorecer las condiciones académicas de los estudiantes en educación superior orientadas a la permanencia, incluye lineamientos futuros de investigación y limitaciones prácticas del estudio. Esto se visualiza a partir de una estructura multidimensional, en la cual se articula tanto el bienestar hedónicocomo el eudaimónico e incentiva el desarrollo de políticas que favorezcan la salud mental y física de la comunidad educativa, ya que el Bienestar Psicológico tiene tendencia a ser visualizado de esa forma.
El poder, el sujeto y la interpretación jurídica: un abordaje basado en el pensamiento tardío de Michel Foucault
Authors: Ortiz Juan Emilio 
Published: October 2021

En sus últimas investigaciones, Michel Foucault propuso una ontología del presente, orientada a explorar el nudo constituido por tres ejes interrelacionados: el eje del saber, el eje del poder y el eje de la subjetividad. El presente trabajo pretende explorar las implicancias este método para pensar la interpretación jurídica. El argumento analizará el conjunto de relaciones que intervienen en la constitución misma de una subjetividad. El régimen de verdad imperante en una sociedad contribuye a la formación de prejuicios, preconceptos y naturalizaciones, que condicionan la interpretación que se hace tanto de la realidad como de la estructura normativa. Siguiendo esta línea, el presente escrito permitirá desarrollar un enfoque que considere las relaciones e implicancias múltiples entre ciertas verdades a las que adscribe un sujeto (el magistrado) y el modo en que se transmiten al dictado de sentencias (que son interpretaciones). Procuraré mostrar que esta vía permite operar en un espacio muy sutil constituido entre el derecho positivo y la praxis interpretativa de los Magistrados. Entiendo que este análisis constituye una cuestión iusfilosófica de gran importancia cuyo tratamiento también le corresponde a la dogmática del derecho.
Comparison of intraocular pressures estimated by rebound and applanation tonometry in dogs with lens instability: 66 cases (2012–2018)
Authors: Schlesener Brittany N. , Leonard Brian C. , Miller Paul E. , Kass Philip H. , Hollingsworth Steven R. , Cooper Ann E. , Maggs David J. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To compare intraocular pressures (IOPs) estimated by rebound and applanation tonometry for dogs with lens instability.

ANIMALS
66 dogs.

PROCEDURES
Medical records of dogs examined between September 2012 and July 2018 were reviewed for diagnoses of anterior (ALL) or posterior (PLL) lens luxation or lens subluxation.

RESULTS
Estimates of IOP obtained with rebound and applanation tonometry significantly differed from each other for all types of lens instability considered collectively (mean ± SE difference between tonometric readings, 8.1 ± 1.3 mm Hg) and specific types of lens instability considered individually (mean ± SE difference between tonometric readings: ALL, 12.8 ± 2.5 mm Hg; PLL, 5.9 ± 1.7 mm Hg; subluxation, 2.8 ± 0.8 mm Hg). Median (range) differences between rebound and applanation tonometer readings for dogs with ALL was 5 mm Hg (–9 to 76 mm Hg), with PLL was 3 mm Hg (–1 to 19 mm Hg), and with lens subluxation was 3 mm Hg (–9 to 18 mm Hg). In eyes with ALL, rebound tonometer readings exceeded applanation tonometer readings on 44 of 60 (73%) occasions.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Rebound tonometry yielded higher estimates of IOP than did applanation tonometry in eyes with ALL and with all types of lens luxation considered collectively. Estimates of IOP in eyes with lens instability should ideally be obtained with both rebound and applanation tonometers. Veterinarians with only one type of tonometer should interpret results for dogs with lens instability concurrent with physical examination findings.
Profil Senyawa Bioaktif Ekstrak Kalus Biji Jeruk Purut (Citrus hystrix DC.) Pasca Induksi Metil Jasmonat
Authors: Husnah Yeni Avidhatul , Indrianto Ari , Tunjung Woro A.S 
Published: October 2021

Kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix DC.) is an alternative source of potential and relatively safe anticancer compounds as it contains bioactive components. Previous study has shown that the extract of kaffir lime leaves contains terpenoids and potentially as anticancer. However, the content of bioactive compounds may vary due to environmental factors. Callus culture is an alternative method of induction of bioactive compound content with a controlled environment. Previous study has succeeded in inducing callus from kaffir lime seed explants produce the ideal callus with a crumb / friable texture. Methyl jasmonate is reported to induce the production of secondary metabolite compounds. Elicitation with methyl jasmonate is one of the strategy to increase terpenoids from cultured cells Objective of this study is anlyze the using of methyl jasmonate as elicitor.to increase bioactive compounds inkaffir lime cell suspension. Callus induced from seed explants age 40 days were transferred into liquid medium for the initiation of suspension culture. Subculture is done when the age of culture reaches 21 days then measured thegrowth curve o f cell supension and concentration of sucrose in medium. After cells reached log phse in 12 days then be treated with methyl jasmonic for 8 days. The cell suspension then beextracted with ethyl acetate by maceration method. The content of bioactive compounds in the extract was anlyzed with GC-MS. Suspension of lime lime cells C. hystrix, without treatment yields fatty acid compounds. Bioactive compounds produced by suspended cell suspension after methyl jasmonate elicitation is germacrene A, myrcene, alpha-terpineol, geranyl acetate, trans-caryophyllene, delta-guaiene and several types of ester fatty acids.
Results from a peer-based digital systems navigation intervention to increase HIV prevention and care behaviors of young trans women in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Wilson Erin C. , Jalil Emilia M. , Jalil Cristina M. , Castro Cristiane R. V. , Ferreira Ana Luiza N. , Martinez Nilo F. , Martinez Nilo F. , Moura Isabele , Oliveira Cleo , Bezerra Daniel , Netto Eduardo Carvalheira , Monteiro Laylla , Veloso Valdilea G. , Grinsztejn Beatriz 
Published: October 2021

Background This study aimed to determine the efficacy of an evidence-based peer and mHealth delivered systems navigation intervention for increasing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and HIV care behaviors among young trans women. Methods The “Brilhar e Transcender” (BeT) pilot study was conducted between 19 September 2019 and 26 November 2020 in a trans-affirming public health clinic in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Participants were recruited using convenience sampling through outreach and referral. Twenty-seven were screened for inclusion and 18 participants completed the study and were included in this analysis. Participants were recruited through community outreach. All participants identified as trans women, were aged 18-24 years old, lived in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and were not on PrEP or not engaged in HIV care. Over the course of three months, participants developed a systems navigation plan and were engaged in three peer-navigator sessions, asynchronous digital interactions in between sessions, and received automated information they could use to address services access barriers. We measured HIV testing, PrEP use and HIV care outcomes. HIV care engagement included linkage to care, visit attendance, antiretroviral therapy use, and/or undetectable viral load for those living with HIV. Results All young trans women without HIV (n=13) were regularly tested for HIV and engaged in PrEP by the end of the intervention. All participants living with HIV (n=5) were engaged in HIV care, but one participant had a detectable viral load post intervention. Conclusions The BeT intervention demonstrated preliminary efficacy for improving HIV prevention and care behaviors among young trans women in a low- and middle-income country (LMIC) setting. A trial is planned for implementation to establish efficacy with a large sample of young trans women and a comparator group.
Using the workload indicators of staffing need method to determine the staffing requirements for primary healthcare service delivery in Nigeria
Authors: Okoroafor Sunny C. , Oaiya Agbonkhese I. 
Published: October 2021

Background Weak health governance mechanisms and inequitable distribution of health investments exist in Nigeria, and this is negatively affecting the health system, and health workforce availability and performance. This is evident at the primary level of care and necessitates the need to ensure that staffing levels are informed by workloads. Methods This study applied the workload indicators of staffing need (WISN) method to determine the staffing requirements for nurses, midwives, community health officers (CHO), community health extension workers (CHEWS), and junior community health extension workers (JCHEWS). It was conducted in 11 purposefully selected primary-level health facilities in two local government areas in Cross River State, Nigeria. Results Eighteen health service activities were identified for the primary level of care across the life course. Whilst nurses, midwives, CHO and CHEWS perform all the activities, the JCHEWS performed 10 of these functions. The staffing requirement findings for the facilities in Calabar Municipal indicated that there were staffing shortages for nurses and midwives in 4 of the 5 sampled facilities, three facilities had sufficient or excess numbers of CHO/CHEWS, and 4 facilities had sufficient or excess numbers of JCHEWS. In Calabar South local government area, the calculated requirement showed a cumulative shortage of 5 nurses/midwives and 26 CHO/CHEW, and appropriate staffing of JCHEWS in 4 facilities. Conclusions The results of this study illustrate the staffing needs of nurses, midwives, CHO, CHEWS and JCHEWS in the sampled facilities and indicate the need for using evidence for staffing decisions. This is pertinent considering it ultimately contribute to improvements in service delivery and health indices. The evidence from the application of the WISN tool and the scale-up of its application has the potential of contributing to the achievement of national goals as well as universal health coverage and sustainable development goals.