bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliability of Human Subject - Artificial System Interactions
Authors: Novák M. , Faber J. , Votruba Z. , Přenosil V. , Tichý T. , Svoboda P. , Tatarinov V. 
Published: March 2021

Main problems related to reliability of interaction between human subject and artificial system (namely of the transportation character) are discussed. The paper consists of three mayor parts:The first one is devoted to the theoretical backgrounds of the problem from the both theory of system reliability and neurology/psychology views.Second part presents the discussion of relevant methodologies of the classification and prediction of the reliability decline. The methodology based on EEG pattern analysis is chosen as the appropriate one for the presented task. The key phenomenon of "micro-sleep" is discussed in detail.The last part presents some latest experimental results in context of presented knowledge. Proposals for the future studies are presented at the end of the presented article. The special interest should be devoted to the analysis and in-time prediction of fatal attention decreases and to the design and construction of the respective on-board applicable warning system.
Understanding the Order of Engineering Design Research
Authors: Horváth I. 
Published: March 2021

Engineering design research manifests as a platform for exploration, description, arrangement, rationalization, and application of design knowledge. What we can see when we are looking at the research into engineering design is an almost chaotically fragmented picture. Is it possible to have a holistic view on the contents and internal relationships of engineering design research? This paper considers teleology, a reflection of a branch of philosophical speculations, as the doctrine of ordering knowledge of engineering design and structuring engineering design research accordingly. Teleology explains that the ultimate reason behind design is to sustain human existence and well being by virtual creation of artifacts and services for society. To this end, knowledge of engineering research is supposed to be transferred from the platform of scientific/theoretical exploration and comprehension to the platform of technical/pragmatic application. This implies a natural streaming of knowledge of engineering design. In order to make the teleological explanation operational, a framework of reasoning has been constructed by adopting the analogy of the source, channel and sink of a stream. To represent the source, channel and sink categories of engineering design knowledge, the author inaugurated nine categories in the framework. It has been hypothesized that the introduced categories are equally valid for research in engineering design as well as for the knowledge of engineering design. Within each category, research domains and trajectories have been defined. The proposed teleology-based framework lends itself to a better understanding of the disciplinary articulation and intrinsic relationships of engineering design research. It is hoped, among other things, to form a basis for a shared understanding, to make the influence of decisions on research programs more transparent, as well as to facilitate organizing subject materials for various design courses.
Temperature of Steel Columns under Natural Fire
Authors: Wald F. , Studecká P. , Kroupa L. 
Published: March 2021

Current fire design models for time-temperature development within structural elements as well as for structural behaviour are based on isolated member tests subjected to standard fire regimes, which serve as a reference heating, but do not model natural fire. Only tests on a real structure under a natural fire can evaluate future models of the temperature developments in a fire compartment, of the transfer of heat into the structure and of the overall structural behaviour under fire.To study overall structural behaviour, a research project was conducted on an eight storey steel frame building at the Cardington Building Research Establishment laboratory on January 16, 2003. A fire compartment 11×7 m was prepared on the fourth floor. A fire load of 40 kg/m2 was applied with 100 % permanent mechanical load and 65 % of imposed load. The paper summarises the experimental programme and shows the temperature development of the gas in the fire compartment and of the fire protected columns bearing the unprotected floors.
Hypercorrection and velar-to-labial change in Occitan preterites
Authors: Esher Louise 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Among the distinctive features of Occitan varieties spoken in the vicinity of Toulouse is the existence of preterite desinences with a thematic labial (e.g. cantèbi [kanˈtɛβi] ‘sing.prt.1sg’), or without a thematic consonant at all (e.g. cantèi [kanˈtɛ.i] ‘sing.prt.1sg’). Such forms contrast with those ordinarily attested in Occitan, where preterite desinences are typically characterised by a thematic rhotic (e.g. cantèri [kanˈtɛɾi] ‘sing.prt.1sg’), while thematic labials are associated solely with first-conjugation imperfect desinences (e.g. cantavi [kanˈtaβi] ‘sing.ipf.ind.1sg’). This study draws on data from textual sources and linguistic atlases in order to elucidate the development of the Toulousain labial preterites, which are shown to emerge during the course of the eighteenth century, replacing earlier forms in which preterite desinences systematically presented a thematic velar (e.g. cantègui [kanˈtɛɣi] ‘sing.prt.1sg’). Since both intervocalic /b/ and /ɡ/ are subject to deletion in Toulousain varieties, it is argued that the development of the labial preterites is not due to direct analogy from the imperfect indicative, but rather to a perception-based change in which speakers miscategorised tokens of /ɡ/ tending to zero as tokens of /b/, and thereby introduced thematic labials into preterite forms. Forms lacking a thematic consonant result directly from deletion of /ɡ/.
Para a tradição textual daCrónica de 1344: dois manuscritos da versão original
Authors: Bautista Francisco , Alves Moreira Filipe 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTheCrónica Geral de Espanha de 1344is one of the most important historical works of the Iberian Middle Ages, but it presents also a complex and lacunar manuscript tradition. This work presents two new manuscripts of this chronicle, tracing its history and establishing its place in the manuscript tradition. The text of theCrónica de 1344copied in these two manuscripts, although fragmentary, is of great importance, since it covers the final part of the chronicle, precisely the least well known. The analysis of its text and the comparison with the other manuscripts of the chronicle and its sources reveals that these new testimonies contain a copy of the original version, of which, until now, no copies were known.
Green-Lean-Digital als Leitbild für die nachhaltige Fabrik der Zukunft
Authors: Roesch Martin , Köberlein Jana , Goldmanns Marc , Hohmann Andrea 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Aufgrund der steigenden Bedeutung der ökologischen Nachhaltigkeit werden produzierende Unternehmen nach der schlanken Produktion („Lean“) sowie der Digitalisierung („Digital“) zunehmend von der grünen Welle („Green“) erfasst. Der vorliegende Beitrag leitet das Leitbild der „Green-Lean-Digital Factory“ ab, welches auf den bisherigen Lean- und Digital-Ansätzen aufbaut, um letztendlich eine gleichzeitige Maximierung von Effizienz und Nachhaltigkeit zu erreichen.*
Rollenverständnisse in der Lean-Kultur
Authors: Maibaum Miriam , Weber Marc-André 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDie Integration von Lean Management fordert nicht nur die stringente Anwendung entsprechender Methoden und Werkzeuge, sondern auch eine Änderung im Verhalten der Führungskräfte und Mitarbeiter. Der vorliegende Beitrag befasst sich mit dem Führungsverhalten von Managern ihren Mitarbeitern gegenüber und der Entwicklung der Mitarbeiter mithilfe von Ansätzen des Lean Managements. Durch die Ausführungen zeigt der Beitrag, dass Mitarbeiter und ihre Fähigkeiten durch eine lernfördernde Umgebung explizit gestärkt werden können.*
Experimental Investigation on Flank Wear of the Tool in Ultrasonic Vibration-Assisted Turning of Ti6Al4V Alloy
Authors: Sivareddy D. Venkata , Krishna P. Vamsi , Gopal A. Venu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
High cutting temperatures developed during machining of Ti6Al4V alloy diminish the tool life by rapid increase in rate of tool wear. The high cutting temperatures increase the chemical reactivity of the workpiece with tool material and form the localized temperature zones at the vicinity of cutting tool edge. Ultrasonic vibration-assisted turning (UVAT) is an effective cutting technique in which tangential vibrations are provided to the cutting tool. The reduced cutting force and temperature improve the tool life in the UVAT process. In the present study, flank wear of the uncoated carbide cutting tool has been studied in UVAT processes at various cutting speeds (90, 120, and 150 m/min) and ultrasonic powers (80, 90, and 100 %). The flank wear of the tool is measured with a scanning electron microscope, and it is observed that tool wear is low in UVAT compared with the conventional turning (CT) process. Fracture of the cutting edge of the tool is observed in CT because of high compressive stresses with the high cutting temperature, which did not occur in the UVAT process. The growth of average and maximum flank wear with cutting velocity is low in UVAT, whereas rapid growth is observed in the CT process. From the experimental results, tool life improvement is observed in UVAT compared with CT at an average flank wear of 300 µm; however, this improvement is decreased with an increase in cutting speed in the order of 62, 53.2, and 32 % for 90, 120, and 150 m/min, respectively, at 100 % ultrasonic power. Similarly, tool life is improved with an increase in ultrasonic power in the order of 18, 55, and 62 % for 80, 90, and 100 % ultrasonic power, respectively, at 90 m/min cutting speed.
Large-Scale and Multiscale Networks in the Rodent Brain during Novelty Exploration
Authors: Cohen Michael X , Englitz Bernhard , França Arthur S. C. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractNeural activity is coordinated across multiple spatial and temporal scales, and these patterns of coordination are implicated in both healthy and impaired cognitive operations. However, empirical cross-scale investigations are relatively infrequent, because of limited data availability and to the difficulty of analyzing rich multivariate datasets. Here, we applied frequency-resolved multivariate source-separation analyses to characterize a large-scale dataset comprising spiking and local field potential (LFP) activity recorded simultaneously in three brain regions (prefrontal cortex, parietal cortex, hippocampus) in freely-moving mice. We identified a constellation of multidimensional, inter-regional networks across a range of frequencies (2–200 Hz). These networks were reproducible within animals across different recording sessions, but varied across different animals, suggesting individual variability in network architecture. The theta band (∼4–10 Hz) networks had several prominent features, including roughly equal contribution from all regions and strong inter-network synchronization. Overall, these findings demonstrate a multidimensional landscape of large-scale functional activations of cortical networks operating across multiple spatial, spectral, and temporal scales during open-field exploration.
Political Meaning of Stasys Šalkauskis’ Philosophy of Culture
Authors: Jokubaitis Alvydas , Jokubaitis Linas 
Published: March 2021

The philosophy of culture put forward by Šalkauskis is a version of political philosophy. By using a typology of the relationship between philosophy and democracy we attempt to prove that his philosophy of culture encompasses not one but few different understandings of the relationship between democracy and philosophy. By comparing the ideas of Šalkauskis with the issues of contemporary political philosophy we can see that democracy today is developing by distancing itself from the principles that Šalkauskis presented in his philosophy of culture. The philosophy of culture as developed by Šalkauskis has two distinctive features. First of all, Christianity is interpreted through the matrix of culture and this is why it becomes compatible with democracy. Secondly, philosophy of culture is consciously transformed into ideology and this transformation is what allowed it to become an important factor in political discussions.
Provision of Public Services for Overall Well-being in the Municipality
Authors: Jēkabsone Inga , Sloka Biruta 
Published: March 2021

The aim of the paper is to present analysis of subjective well-being regarding municipality provided public services and its impact on overall well-being using the approved methodology.
The main findings are as follow: in order to provide public services that meet the needs of the public, municipalities should involve the community in the decision-making process. Research into subjective well- being carried out in Salaspils municipality showed that well-being is directly affected by public services provided in the municipality.
Role of cardiac hypoxia in the pathogenesis of sudden death syndrome in broiler chickens – A metabolic and molecular study
Authors: Safaei Pegah , Khadjeh Gholamhossein , Tabandeh Mohammad Reza , Asasi Keramat 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSudden death syndrome (SDS) is an economically important disorder in broiler chickens with unknown aetiology. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the metabolic and molecular alterations related to hypoxia in the myocardium of broiler chickens with SDS. Samples from the cardiac muscle of internal control broiler chickens (ICs) (n = 36) and chickens having died of SDS (n = 36) were obtained during the rearing period. The activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and the concentration of lactate were measured in the cardiac tissue using available commercial kits. The expression of hypoxia-inducing factor 1α (HIF1α), glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDHK4) and monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) genes was determined in the myocardium by real-time PCR analysis. The results showed the elevation of lactate level and activities of LDH and CPK in the cardiac muscle of SDS-affected chickens compared with the IC birds (P < 0.05). The cardiac muscle expression of HIF1α, MCT4 and GLUT1 genes was increased, while the PDHK4 mRNA level was decreased in the SDS-affected group compared to those in the IC chickens (P < 0.05). Our results showed that metabolic remodelling associated with hypoxia in the cardiac tissues may have an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiac insufficiency and SDS in broiler chickens.
Tiempo de reacción y acción visual en laboratorio y campo, en atletas de Karate y Taekwondo
Authors: Ramón Suárez Gustavo , Márquez Arabia Jorge Jaime 
Published: March 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación fue correlacionar el tiempo de reacción (TR) y el tiempo de acción (TA) de pruebas de laboratorio y de campo en karatecas y taekwondokas. Se evaluaron 50 deportistas con al menos un año de experiencia deportiva. La medición del TR y TA se hizo a través de la videografía con cámaras Casio Exilim® de 240 fps. Como procedimiento estadístico se utilizó el coeficiente de Spearmann con una significancia de 0,05. Los resultados mostraron que la mayoría de las pruebas de laboratorio (75 %) guardaron una correlación significativa con valores entre 0,2 y 0,7. Se concluye que se justifica realizar pruebas de laboratorio para control del tiempo de reacción y de acción, en deportes como el taekwondo y el karate.
do y el karate.
A case control study: to evaluate the lipid profile in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke
Authors: Sharma Chandan , Badyal Ashima 
Published: March 2021

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Stroke, be it ischemia or hemorrhage, is the most common clinical manifestation of cerebrovascular disease of which more than 99% are due to arterial involvement and less than 1% due to venous involvement. The aim of the present study was to assess the lipid profile of patients with ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and to compare it with control group.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This study was conducted in the Department of Medicine in collaboration with Department of Biochemistry between February 2018 to August 2018 on 50 patients of infarct and 50 patients of hemorrhagic stroke admitted in GMC Jammu and 50 healthy controls. Serum was analyzed for estimation of serum lipid profile including total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), by using fully automatic analyzer. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> More than 54% of patients and controls belonged aged more than 60 years, with a total of 81 males and 69 females. Mean values of total cholesterol (233.53±27.09 mg) and LDL (165.89±30.54 mg) showed up higher in hemorrhagic stroke patients however higher mean values of triglycerides (177.80±40.44 mg) showed up in ischemic stroke patients. Serum cholesterol was abnormal among 50% ischemic and 54% hemorrhagic patients. A significant association is found between raised cholesterol, LDL, abnormal HDL and ischemic stroke.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> A significant rise in total cholesterol level was found in case of both the groups, therefore high risk patients with stroke should be regularly screened for serum lipid profile.</p>
Obesidad, la otra pandemia. Un enfoque desde la bioética y el derecho a la no discriminación en México
Authors: Ruiz-Canizales Raul 
Published: March 2021

Propósito/contexto. El propósito del presente artículo es describir, con un enfoque bioético, la forma como la obesidad y el sobrepeso constituyen un problema pandémico no sólo de salud pública, sino que es una problemática multifactorial que requiere de una mirada convergente, desde diversas disciplinas, para orientar acciones en torno al derecho a la salud y al derecho a la no discriminación.
Metodología/enfoque. El artículo se desarrolla a partir de un acercamiento interdisciplinar. Con ello se pretende analizar el padecimiento de la obesidad a partir de su manifestación multifactorial y con el objetivo de que las ciencias que allí convergen generen los marcos de acción para diseñar políticas públicas para su prevención o mitigación.
Resultados/hallazgos. Se identifica, frente a la compleja naturaleza multifactorial de la obesidad, cómo al lado del derecho a la no discriminación aparece una gama amplia de factores que, abordados de manera aislada, generan acciones desarticuladas.
Discusión/Conclusiones/Contribuciones. Se contribuye a la discusión sobre cómo podríamos avanzar en el derecho a la salud en materia de obesidad, pero sobre todo en cómo impulsar la discusión interdisciplinaria sobre la responsabilidad normativa moral y jurídica que se deriva del problema de la obesidad.
Estudio fitoquímico y actividad antimicrobiana de plantas medicinales empleadas para el control de infecciones urinarias
Authors: Hernández Moreno Lida Vanessa , Pabón Baquero Ludy Cristina , Hernández-Rodríguez Patricia 
Published: March 2021

Las enfermedades infecciosas han sido un desafío para la humanidad. A pesar de los avances en la ciencia, aún muchas infecciones no tienen tratamientos efectivos o los microorganismos han generado resistencia a los antibióticos, de manera que las plantas medicinales son una alternativa de tratamiento y reducción de la resistencia. El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar un análisis fitoquímico preliminar y evaluar la actividad antimicrobiana de doce extractos etanólicos deplantas empleadas en la medicina tradicional colombiana como control de infecciones urinarias (IU). Las especies Anthoxanthum odoratum (grama), Urera caracasana (ortigón), Equisetum bogotenses (cola de caballo), Parietaria officinalis (parietaria), Achyrocline bogotensis (vira vira), Kohleria hirsuta (caracola), Taraxacum officinale (diente de león), Sedum praealtum (siempre viva), Portulaca oleracea (verdolaga), Petroselinum sativum (perejil), Zingiber officinale (jengibre) y Uncaria tomentosa (uña de gato) fueron adquiridas en la plaza de mercado Soacha (Cundinamarca) y sometidas a maceración con etanol a temperatura ambiente. La actividad antimicrobiana se evaluó por difusión en agar, microdilución en placa y bioautografía frente a Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) y Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 9027). Se determino que S. aureus y P. aeruginosa presentaron inhibición frente a cinco extractos en los tres métodos realizados, mientras que E. coli no fue inhibida por ningún extracto. Se estableció mediante bioautografía con reveladores específicos que los esteroides y/o triterpenoides, fenoles y flavonoides son los posibles metabolitos responsables de la actividad. Este tipo de investigaciones propicia estudios orientados al aislamiento de principios activos con utilidad en la elaboración de medicamentos para tratar IU.
Control in vitro de Fusarium sp. asociado al cultivo de cebolla mediante Trichoderma harzianum
Authors: Martínez-Salgado Saira J. , Andrade-Hoyos Petra , Romero-Arenas Omar , Villa-Ruano Nemesio , Landeta-Cortés Gerardo , Rivera-Tapia José Antonio 
Published: March 2021

<p>La cebolla es la segunda hortaliza de mayor producción en el mundo. En México constituye un cultivo de gran importancia económica en diversos estados. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue identificar y caracterizar morfológicamente la cepa CFbC asociada a la podredumbre basal del cultivo de cebolla, así como determinar la capacidad antagónica <em>in vitro</em> de<em> Trichoderma harzianum</em> T-H4 sobre Fusarium sp. Se colectaron muestras de tejido vegetal que presentaban pudrición a nivel de tallo y bulbo del cultivo de cebolla y se generaron cultivos monospóricos para su caracterización e identificación por las regiones ITS1 e ITS4. Se obtuvo una secuencia de 533 pb de cepa CFbC, que presentó 100% de identidad con <em>Fusarium</em> sp., asociada a la podredumbre basal. La cepa <em>T. harzianum</em> presentó un porcentaje de inhibición de crecimiento radial (PICR) de 76.24% de nivel antagónico <em>in vitro</em> y una clase II en la escala de Bell. Se sugiere realizar evaluaciones de control biológico con la cepa T-H4 en invernadero y a campo abierto, así como su identificación a nivel especie con técnicas moleculares complementarias.</p>