bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Balancing Competing Grassland Ecosystem Services Requires Intensive Stakeholder Involvement and Actions on Different Spatial Scales
Authors: Klaus Valentin H. , Bloor Juliette M. G. , Cozzi Giulio , Le Clec’h Solen , Peter Sophie , Huguenin‐Elie Olivier 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTGrasslands provide a wide range of different ecosystem services (ES) that are crucial for human well‐being. This increases the interest in understanding the drivers of grassland ES to maintain and enhance ES supply for future generations. However, many ES do currently not have a market value and show trade‐offs, that is, antagonistic relationships, that are strengthened by management intensification. For example, high forage production is key for farm income, but conflicts with many cultural ES and grassland biodiversity conservation. Balancing these competing services is thus required to ensure ES supply meeting societal demand. This poses the question of how to achieve an economically viable balance in the future. We discuss how involving stakeholders and implementing ES‐enhancing actions at landscape, farm and field scales can contribute to tackling this urgent question. First, multi‐stakeholder approaches are required to assess prioritisation of ES to understand societal ES demand, design multifunctional landscapes, and motivate and empower farmers to increase insufficiently‐supplied ES. Second, information on how management practices change ES and their trade‐offs must be available and realistically implementable. Third, different actions to enhance undersupplied ES need to be implemented across spatial scales. These actions must be taken at farm and field but also landscape‐scale, which is needed for spatial targeting of different grassland types. We argue that jointly targeting all three spatial scales and intensifying efforts for stakeholder involvement and motivation is crucial for improved ES supply. Our synthesis provides a framework for balancing multiple ES and gives applied examples of how to achieve this.
Low Molecular Weight Heparin‐Induced Thrombocytopenia: A Case Series Study of Newly Admitted Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Ren Hui , Liang Wei , Wang Aihong , Xiong Zibo , Yang Guang 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTLow molecular weight heparin (LMWH), a common anticoagulant in hemodialysis, can cause the dangerous condition of heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) in rare cases. The present study reviews five cases of HIT diagnosed in our center, which treats more than 400 maintenance hemodialysis patients annually over a 30‐year period. All five cases occurred in incident patients who were being exposed to LMWH for the first time. Treatment involved stopping LMWH and using alternative anticoagulants. Both the 4Ts score and antibody tests were used to confirm the diagnosis of HIT. Following diagnosis, close monitoring was performed for 10–15 days in typical cases or 30 days in severe cases until blood platelet levels recovered to near normal values. Our results suggest that while uncommon, HIT associated with use of LMWH can occur in hemodialysis patients, especially when patients are being exposed to this anticoagulant for the first time.
Behind the Screen: An Exploratory Study of Factors Influencing Breast Screening Uptake in Lancashire (UK)
Authors: Lee Yik Nok Bryan , Montasem Alexander , Haworth Lauren , Sinclair Jonathan , McGuire Kim , Chohan Ambreen 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundBreast screening uptake has improved nationally to 62% in the United Kingdom, though regionally, engagement challenges remain in northern regions such as Lancashire (54%–59%). It is important, therefore, to understand the barriers women face to enable appropriate person‐ and community‐centred engagement in health screening behaviours.ObjectivesThis study aimed to be the first mixed‐method questionnaire exploration of women in Lancashire (the United Kingdom) to explore attitudes, behaviour, awareness, barriers and facilitators to breast screening.DesignCross‐sectional cohort study.MethodThe Breast Cancer Fear Scale, modified Mammography Self‐Efficacy Scale and the General Practice Physical Activity Questionnaire were included in the questionnaire alongside open‐ended elements on breast screening behaviour and awareness. Registered female participants (n = 50) were provided with digital assistance or language interpretation where requested.ResultsEthnicity, faith and location all affected perceived levels of breast screening awareness, yet only age and faith influenced understanding of the process. Irrespective of protected characteristics, fear of breast cancer did not significantly vary between women. Racially minoritised women were less comfortable in removing clothing during screening. Participants reported barriers related to health awareness, patient experience, screening age and access to healthcare. Facilitators to address barriers were identified using a socioecological framework to identify key areas of development needed at an individual, interpersonal, organisational, community and public policy level.ConclusionProtected characteristics and geographical location significantly influence breast screening behaviour. Targeted person‐centred health awareness, cultural competency and inclusive practice are needed to promote awareness, remove taboos and open up dialogue and acceptance of breast cancer screening in communities. The use of the socioecological model highlighted that the responsibility to reduce barriers to breast screening in Lancashire is collective from an individual to public policy level. Further patient–public involvement would ensure adequate demographic representation and effectively investigate differences between ethnic subgroups.Patient or Public ContributionThis article captures the viewpoints of individuals with and without experience of the breast screening process in the United Kingdom. A small group of individuals from white and racially minoritised backgrounds were involved in the design of the study to ensure the suitability and acceptability of the tool.
Challenges of a tailored immunohistochemistry algorithm for uterine leiomyosarcoma: an integrated analysis of leiomyomas with bizarre nuclei and fumarate hydratase (FH) deficiency
Authors: Alves‐Vale Catarina , Truffaux Nathalène , Velasco Valérie , Azmani Rihab , Alamé Melissa , Rebier Flora , Mayeur Laetitia , Leger Yanick , Hostein Isabelle , Soubeyran Isabelle , Blanchard Larry , Marion Estelle , Fontanges Quitterie , Le Loarer François , Averous Gerlinde , Genestie Catherine , Arnould Laurent , Devouassoux‐Shisheboran Mojgan , Croce Sabrina 
Published: February 2025

AimsLeiomyomas (LM) are the most common uterine mesenchymal neoplasms and encompass a variety of histological subtypes. Bizarre nuclei are described in both leiomyomas with bizarre nuclei (LM‐BN) and fumarate hydratase‐deficient leiomyomas (FH‐LM), which raise diagnostic concerns regarding leiomyosarcoma (LMS). Recently, an immunohistochemical algorithm to support the diagnosis of LMS based on the genomic landscape of these neoplasms was proposed. This study aimed to evaluate the algorithm's accuracy in distinguishing LM‐BN and FH‐LM from LMS.Methods and ResultsWe collected 68 LM (29 LM‐BN, 30 FH‐LM, and 9 LM) and 9 LMS, along with clinicopathological and molecular data. An immunohistochemical panel comprising p53, Rb, PTEN, ATRX, DAXX, and MDM2 was applied. Nine cases were non‐interpretable due to fixation issues. The algorithm demonstrated 100% accuracy for LM without bizarre nuclei (9/9) and for nonmyxoid LMS (5/5). Notably, 28.6% (14/49) of LM‐BN and FH‐LM exhibited at least two abnormalities, leading to potential misclassification as LMS. However, their clinical course, morphology, and genomic profile supported a benign diagnosis. Frequent alterations included Rb (20/49; 40.8%) and p53 (19/49; 38.8%), particularly in bizarre cells, while no abnormal staining was observed for ATRX, DAXX, or MDM2.ConclusionThe proposed algorithm has limitations in differentiating LMS from LM‐BN and FH‐LM, misclassifying 28.6% of the latter. Accurate interpretation requires proper internal controls, particularly for markers whose loss of expression favours malignancy. Morphology remains central for diagnosis, although integration of molecular data may provide additional insights for a definitive classification in challenging cases.
Diagnostic and prognostic significance of Crohn's disease‐like pathology in surgically diverted recta of patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Ni Pu , Harpaz Noam , Altahrawi Abeer , Liu Qingqing 
Published: February 2025

AimsDiversion colitis (DC), commonly seen in surgically diverted bowel, can exhibit features resembling Crohn's disease (CD) even in patients with an established ulcerative colitis (UC). The superposition of DC on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) complicates pathological assessment and potentially alters the diagnosis from UC to CD. We investigated the diagnostic and prognostic significance of CD‐like histological features in DC.Methods and resultsWe examined diverted recta from 202 patients (84 females, 118 males; median age = 37, range = 7–79) who underwent post‐diversion proctectomy from 2018 to 2023. Pre‐operative diagnoses included UC (n = 162), CD (n = 20), indeterminate IBD (IIBD, n = 11) and non‐IBD (n = 9). We evaluated granulomas and deep mucosal ulcers and scored transmural chronic inflammation (TCI) on a four‐tier scale. Patients were followed for 8–73 months for development of CD‐like complications, e.g. small bowel enteritis, strictures or fistulas.ConclusionsTCI was present in all groups but was less frequent in non‐IBD (P = 0.015), with median scores similar for UC and CD (median = 1), higher in the IIBD (median = 2) and lower in the non‐IBD (median = 0, P = 0.084). TCI scores did not correlate with the development of CD‐like complications (CDLC) and therefore did not have prognostic significance. Conversely, granulomas and fissuring ulcers were significantly more common in CD than UC and IIBD and absent in non‐IBD (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.0009, respectively). These features correlated with higher TCI scores (P = 0.023 and P = 0.009, respectively). In summary, granulomas and fissuring mucosal ulcers in diverted recta favours a diagnosis of CD, while TCI alone does not justify altering a diagnosis of UC.
‘Hammering on the pressure’: Prison governor well‐being and the need for a more humanised approach
Authors: Smith Lauren , Harrison Karen , Mason Rachael , Nichols Helen , Hall Lauren , Saunders Gary 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe challenges of prison work and the impact on the well‐being of prison officers is widely publicised. However, less is known about the well‐being of prison governors, and what may impact this: the focus of this research. Semi‐structured interviews (n = 63) with prison governors across England, Scotland and Wales, analysed using thematic analysis, indicated core themes around poor well‐being, limited work‐life balance and feelings of disenchantment. The well‐being climate was underpinned by challenges within the occupational culture including the relentless workloads, a so‐called ‘macho culture’, competing expectations, a dissonance between responsibility and autonomy, and a lack of role understanding between staff within prisons and those working from HM Prison and Probation Service headquarters. The challenges were exacerbated, but not caused, by Covid‐19 and a lack of perceived value among staff, but mitigated to a degree by individual coping and some access to governor‐specific support. Implications and future directions are discussed.
Self‐assembly of short biopeptides onto skin tissue components studied using QCM‐D
Authors: Murthy N. Sanjeeva , Tavasoli Elham , Mammone Tom , Karaman‐Jurukovska Nevena 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveTo enable the discovery of more effective formulations for cosmetic and dermatological applications by understanding the interactions of widely used bioactive ingredients with skin biomolecular components.MethodsAffinities of six common oligopeptide utilized in biomedical application to five primary skin biomolecules (collagen, elastin, laminin, fibronectin and hyaluronic acid) were measured by monitoring their adsorption and subsequent self‐assembly using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM‐D).ResultsChemical compositions of both the adsorbates (oligo peptides) and the substrates (skin constituents) influence the adsorption behaviour. Notably, the acetylated elastin‐like peptide exhibits minimal adsorption, but the same peptide with a palmitoyl tail shows an order of magnitude higher adsorption, possibly due to the formation of self‐assembled aggregates. However, the palmitoyl tail does not have the same effect on a collagen‐like sequence. Collagen is the most adhesive skin component for the peptides; fibronectin, elastin and laminin are similar with reduced affinity, and hyaluronic acid has the least affinity. A collagen‐binding peptide derived from the collagen‐ binding domain of the von Willebrand factor shows the fastest kinetics. These observed adsorption behaviours can be understood in terms of noncovalent electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions between the adsorbates and substrates.ConclusionsAdsorption studies of cosmetic product ingredients onto endogenous extracellular matrix components in the skin reported here are expected to provide valuable insights for evaluating their potential efficacy.
The potential use of the standardized Euterpe oleracea (açaí) seed extract in cosmetic products
Authors: Zimmer Camila Guimarães Moreira , Heller Melina , Santos Evelyn Cristina da Silva , Freitas Cristina Setim , Benedet Patricia Oliveira , Siqueira Jarbas Mota , Marcon Rodrigo , Calixto João Batista 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveThe açaí (Euterpe oleracea), a palm tree fruit native to the Amazon region, holds significant potential for various applications in food, therapeutics and cosmetics. However, the seeds of the açaí fruit, known to contain numerous antioxidants, are discarded and frequently cause environmental pollution. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the potential application of açaí seeds standardized extract (TI‐35) as a cosmetic product.MethodsAçai seeds were obtained from a commercial source. Following the extract preparations and phytochemical identification and quantification of the main constituents present in the extract (TI‐35), several in vitro studies were performed using human cell line cultures. TI‐35 was evaluated on cell viability (human keratinocytes, fibroblasts and melanocytes), proliferation (keratinocytes), antioxidant activity (keratinocytes and fibroblasts), melanin content (melanocytes), metalloproteinase‐1 (MMP‐1) activity and tyrosinase inhibition assays. Skin irritation was assessed using a reconstructed human epidermis and mutagenic potential was evaluated, according to the OECD 439 and OECD 471, respectively.ResultsA total of 14 phytochemical constituents, mainly phenolic compounds, were identified and quantified in the standardized extract TI‐35. It demonstrated excellent long‐lasting stability and exhibited intrinsic antioxidant activity surpassing that of ascorbic acid. At low concentrations (up to 10 μg/mL), TI‐35 did not change cell viability or proliferation. However, the TI‐35 decreased basal reactive oxygen species production and produced pronounced scavenging and antioxidant effects. Notably, TI‐35 caused inhibition of MMP‐1 and its effect was more pronounced when compared with either ascorbic acid or ferulic acid, highlighting its pro‐aging property. In addition, TI‐35 did not interfere with melanin levels or have skin irritation effect and has no mutagenic activity, providing a solid assurance of the safety of the standardized extract from the seeds of E. oleracea for cosmetic use.ConclusionThe standardized extract TI‐35, sourced from E. oleracea seeds, a by‐product of the Amazon food industry, demonstrated noteworthy pharmacological properties when assessed in vitro, including antioxidant, photoprotective, soothing and sagging effects. Thus, TI‐35 emerges as a potential and safe option for the development of innovative cosmetic products.
L2 Lexical Alignment and Lexical Learning in Collaborative Continuation Writing
Authors: Niu Ruiying , Luo Wenjie , You Xiaoye 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTRecent studies have evidenced numerous benefits of continuation writing in supporting second language (L2) learning. However, research specifically addressing the impact of collaborative continuation writing on lexical learning is limited and has produced conflicting results, with no exploration of the relationship between lexical alignment and lexical learning. This study compares dyadic and individual continuation writing performed by L2 learners, examining lexical alignment, lexical learning, and the relation between lexical alignment and learning. Data analyses revealed that dyadic learners demonstrated superior lexical alignment and lexical learning over individual learners, that neither group's lexical alignment was significantly correlated with their word form or meaning retention on posttests, but that individual learners’ lexical alignment was correlated with their word use in posttests. These findings are discussed with reference to the collaborative dynamics in dyadic interactions, the lexical processing involved in collaborative writing, the different sources and nature of lexical alignment and learning, and transfer‐appropriate processing. The study highlights the discrepancy between lexical processing and lexical alignment and their respective roles in lexical learning. The study concludes by suggesting that prioritizing lexical processing quality over lexical alignment enhances lexical learning in continuation writing.
Comparative Analysis of HMC3 and C20 Microglial Cell Lines Reveals Differential Myeloid Characteristics and Responses to Immune Stimuli
Authors: Gunasegaran Bavani , Krishnamurthy Shivani , Chow Sharron S. , Villanueva Millijoy D. , Guller Anna , Ahn Seong Beom , Heng Benjamin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMicroglia are the primary resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) that respond to injury and infections. Being critical to CNS homeostasis, microglia also have been shown to contribute to neurodegenerative diseases and brain cancer. Hence, microglia are regarded as a potential therapeutic target in CNS diseases, resulting in an increased demand for reliable in vitro models. Two human microglia cell lines (HMC3 and C20) are being used in multiple in vitro studies, however, the knowledge of their biological and immunological characteristics remains limited. Our aim was to identify and compare the biological changes in these immortalised immune cells under normal physiological and immunologically challenged conditions. Using high‐resolution quantitative mass spectrometry, we have examined in‐depth proteomic profiles of non‐stimulated and LPS or IFN‐γ challenged HMC3 and C20 cells. Our findings reveal that HMC3 cells responded to both treatments through upregulation of immune, metabolic, and antiviral pathways, while C20 cells showed a response associated with mitochondrial and immune activities. Additionally, the secretome analysis demonstrated that both cell lines release IL‐6 in response to LPS, while IFN‐γ treatment resulted in altered kynurenine pathway activity, highlighting distinct immune and metabolic adaptations.
Are You a Team Player? Public Goods Game and Cooperation in the Context of Project‐Based Learning
Authors: Czap Hans , Czap Natalia V , Miteza Ilir 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCooperation is essential for better institutions, governance, public health and economic growth. Experimental studies have shown both time decay of cooperation in repeated games and stable cooperation over longer time frames based on personality traits. As the long‐term effect of interventions on cooperative behaviour has received less attention, we investigate whether a relatively low‐intensity intervention can change cooperative behaviour over the course of 15 weeks. Specifically, we test experimentally if instruction with collaborative project‐based learning (PBL) can boost cooperative behaviour during a semester as compared to a more traditional instructional approach with individual assignments. Using contributions in a one‐shot public goods game (PGG) and cooperative attitudes from a self‐report scale, we find no evidence that our intervention on average increases cooperation for PBL students compared to non‐PBL students. However, we demonstrate that in this PBL intervention, subjects with lower initial cooperation levels became more cooperative, underscoring the potential of these findings for social and public policies targeted at heterogeneous societies. Interestingly, cooperative attitudes remain consistent over time and have limited correlation with cooperative behaviour.
Accounting for Asset Pricing Factors
Authors: Penman Stephen , Zhang Xiao‐Jun 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMany accounting numbers appear in standard factor models but without a clear explanation. The numbers are generated under accounting principles that deal with risk, providing an explanation but also a critique of how extant models identify accounting‐based factors. That leads to a revised factor construction. Accounting numbers are codetermined in a double‐entry system, a feature that is exploited in packaging the factors into a model. Rather than entering as the separate, additive factors, adding to the “factor zoo,” they are combined parsimoniously to capture the information they jointly convey about risk and return in the double‐entry system. Empirical tests confirm.
Sugar‐Rich Resources Mediate Geographic Morphological Variation in a Dominant, Neotropical Savanna Ant
Authors: Azevedo‐Silva Marianne , Sendoya Sebastian F. , Côrtes Marina C. , Longo Pedro A. S. , Nogueira Anselmo , Mori Gustavo M. , Hirota Shun K. , Suyama Yoshihisa , Souza Anete P. , Oliveira Paulo S. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimTrait variation across geographic gradients can reveal how species respond to different environmental settings, which is crucial under the growing threat of climate change. Although on the basis of evolutionary theory, the patterns and drivers of intraspecific functional variation remain largely underexplored. In ants, pilosity and body size are morphological traits associated to thermoregulation and heat tolerance, which are critical concerns in the context of global warming. Here, we focused on the dominant ant Camponotus crassus to investigate trait variation and its potential drivers across a latitudinal gradient in the Brazilian Cerrado savanna.LocationBrazilian Cerrado savanna.TaxonCamponotus crassus Mayr, 1862 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).MethodsWe measured mesosoma pilosity and body size of C. crassus across multiple sites, and evaluated their relationship with temperature, rainfall, solar radiation, vegetation and sugar‐rich resource variables. We also assessed morphological and genetic covariation to search for possible phenotypic plasticity or adaptation in C. crassus.ResultsOnly sugar‐rich resources were found to significantly influence C. crassus pilosity. Specifically, a negative relationship between ant pilosity and sugar‐rich resources (i.e., proportion of plants with extrafloral nectaries and hemipteran trophobionts) was found. No covariation between pilosity and genetic dissimilarities was observed, suggesting phenotypic plasticity. None of the variables were significant to predict body size, while this trait positively covaried with genetics.Main ConclusionsOur findings suggest resource availability as a critical factor for species thermoregulation under environmental change, a hypothesis previously reported in the literature. We emphasise the importance of examining intraspecific variation and phenotypic plasticity across large geographic scales, particularly under the scenario of rapid global change and the current threat to Cerrado savanna. Our work covers a still poorly investigated aspect of intraspecific variation of tropical eusocial insects, and sheds new light on trait variation associated with large geographical gradients and resource availability in a major ecosystem.