bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological Characteristics of Imported COVID-19 Cases, March to December 2020, Chengdu, China: Implication for Quarantine and Isolation of International Travelers
Authors: Zhang Wenqiang , Yue Yong , Hu Min , Du Changhui , Wang Cheng , Tuo Xiaoli , Jiang Xiaoman , Fan Shuangfeng , Chen Zhenhua , Chen Heng , Liang Xian , Luan Rongsheng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: International flights have accelerated the global spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Determination of the optimal quarantine period for international travelers is crucial to prevent the local spread caused by imported COVID-19 cases.Methods: We performed a retrospective epidemiological study using 491 imported COVID-19 cases in Chengdu, China, to describe the characteristic of the cases and estimate the time from arrival to confirmation for international travelers using nonparametric survival methods.Results: Among the 491 imported COVID-19 cases, 194 (39.5%) were asymptomatic infections. The mean age was 35.6 years (SD=12.1 years) and 83.3% were men. The majority (74.1%) were screened positive for SARS-CoV-2, conducted by Chengdu Customs District, the People’s Republic of China. Asymptomatic cases were younger than presymptomatic or symptomatic cases (P<0.01). The daily number of imported COVID-19 cases displayed jagged changes. 95% of COVID-19 cases were confirmed by PT-PCR within 14 days (95% CI: 13-15) after arriving in Chengdu.Conclusions: A 14-day quarantine measure can ensure non-infection among international travelers with a 95% probability. Policymakers may consider an extension of the quarantine period to minimize the negative consequences of the COVID-19 confinement and prevent the international spread of COVID-19.
Cynaropicrin Potentiates the Anti-Tumor Effects of Paclitaxel and 5-Fluorouracil on KYSE30 Human Esophageal Carcinoma
Authors: Nasirzadeh Solmaz , Bahrami Ahmad Reza , Goftari Seyed Navid , Shakeri Abolfazl , Iranshahi Mehrdad , Matin Maryam M. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Natural products or their use in combination therapy regimens may reduce side effects of chemotherapy and increase the effectiveness of treatments. The cytotoxic effects of cynaropicrin, a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Centaurea behen were evaluated for the first time against esophageal squamous carcinoma cells (KYSE30). The synergistic effects of cynaropicrin with paclitaxel and 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu), conventional chemotherapeutic drugs used for esophageal cancer treatment, were also investigated. MTT results indicated that the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of cynaropicrin on KYSE30 cells after 24, 48 and 72 h were 72, 43 and 28 μM, respectively, which were significantly different from those on normal HDF cells. It was also determined that cynaropicrin could induce the cell death via apoptosis. Our results indicated that cynaropicrin had synergism with both drugs. The best effects of cynaropicrin in combination with paclitaxel were observed at 48 h, in which dose reduction of paclitaxel reached 3 times in IC50. Combination with 5-fluorouracil, resulted in 15 times dose reduction of 5-Fu in IC50 at 24 h. In conclusion cynaropicrin has selective cytotoxic effects on KYSE30 cells and we suggest its use in combination therapies with paclitaxel and 5-Fu, which would reduce the side effects of these conventional treatments.
MicroRNA Profiling Reveals an Abundant ssc-miRNA-148a-3p that Promotes Proliferation and Differentiation during Intramuscular Adipogenesis in Chinese Guizhou Congjiang Pigs Breeds by targeting PPARGC1A
Authors: Tan Lulin , Chen Zhaojun , Teng Mingde , Chen Bin , Xu Houqiang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIntramuscular fat development is regulated by a series of complicated processes, and non-coding RNA (ncRNA) such as microRNA (miRNA) plays a critical role during intramuscular preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation development in pigs. In present research, we detected the expression profiles of miRNA during different differentiation stages, namely, day 0 (D0), day 4 (D4), and day 8 (D8), of intramuscular preadipocytes from the longissimus dorsi muscle of Chinese Guizhou Congjiang pigs to provide first insights into their potential involvement in intramuscular preadipocyte development. And we investigated the function of miR-148a-3p in adipocyte proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. ResultsA total of 67, 95, and 16 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs were detected between D4 and D0, between D8 and D0, and between D8 and D4, respectively. We further characterized the role of miR-148a-3p which was differentially expressed and highest expressed abundance in D0, D4, and D8. To explore the role of miR-148a-3p in porcine intramuscular preadipocyte, miR-148a-3p mimics and inhibitors were used to perform miR-148a-3p overexpression and knockdown, respectively. Overexpression of miRNA-148a-3p increased the number of intramuscular preadipocytes in the S/G2 phase of the cell cycle and decreased the proportion of cells in the G0/G1 phase. Moreover, it promoted proliferation by regulation of cyclin B, cyclin G1, cyclin D1, CDK2, CDK3, and CDK4 and inhibited apoptosis of intramuscular preadipocyte by regulating the expression of Caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2. Meanwhile, the mimics of miR-148a-3p dramatically promoted intramuscular preadipocyte differentiation and upregulated the expression levels of adipogenic marker genes PPARγ, FASN, FABP4, HSL, APOE, LPL, and CEBPα. Furthermore, miR-148a-3p promoted intramuscular preadipocyte differentiation via restraining the AMPK/ACC/CPT1C signaling pathway. PPARGC1A was identified as a target gene of miR-148a-3p by luciferase activity and western blotting assays. ConclusionOur study provides novel insights into the regulatory mechanisms underlying intramuscular preadipocyte development and identified amount of miRNAs whose regulatory potential will need to be explored in the future. Our results establish that miR-148a-3p promoted adipocyte differentiation by targeting PPARGC1A.
The impact of facilitators and rural immersion on medical student engagement during a Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Videoconference workshop.
Authors: Wright Helen , Rowick Alana , Cuesta-Briand Beatriz , Warwick Susannah , Moore Julie , Coleman Mathew 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Child and adolescent mental health disorders are a major public health problem worldwide therefore medical students need robust child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP) training. Facilitators are known to enhance student engagement during CAP education. The Rural Clinical School of Western Australia CAP training is provided locally, supplemented by a multi-site annual VC workshop involving specialists collaborating with facilitators on site. We aimed to investigate how student engagement during a CAP VC workshop is influenced by the presence, role and/or context of facilitators; establish if presenting a clinical case influences student engagement; and explore how immersion at a rural site influences CAP learning.

Methods: All students and facilitators were invited to participate in a semi-structured interviews conducted after the workshop. Purposive sampling was used to select student participants. Interviews were conducted until data saturation was reached. Data analysis was inductive, commencing with immersion in the data. Transcripts were then coded, with codes aggregated to categories analysed thematically .

Results: Student engagement during a rural CAP VC workshop is strongly influenced by the physical presence of facilitators, their personality attributes and facilitation skills. Facilitator personality attributes, non-teaching skills and supportive behaviour may have a more significant impact on engagement than clinical expertise. Students perceived they had limited clinical exposure to CAP, contrasting with facilitators who perceived students had sufficient, but unrecognised, exposure.

Conclusions: Facilitator personality attributes, non-teaching skills and supportive behaviours have a significant impact on student engagement and learning. Facilitators can assist students to recognize CAP presentations in patients they encounter, to maximise learning opportunities.
Use of continuous glucose monitoring system in patients with type 2 mellitus diabetic during hemodialysis treatment.
Authors: Hissa Marcelo Rocha Nasser , Hissa Priscilla Nogueira Gomes , Guimarães Sérgio Botelho , Hissa Miguel Nasser 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Studies highlight the inaccuracy of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) for the assessment of glycemic control in dialysis diabetics and suggest the use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) as an alternative. Of the CGMs, FreeStyle Libre ® is the most used in worldwide, but there is still no consensus on its use in dialysis.
Method:

A 3-week prospective study was performed with 12 patients comparing capillary and interstitial glucose during dialysis.
Results

Comparing capillary and interstitial measurements, similar values were observed in pre-dialysis in the first week (184.1 ± 69.5 mg/dl and 173.1 ± 78.9 mg/dl, respectively, p = 0.303), in patients with body mass index less than 24.9 kg/m2 (214.2 ± 72.2 mg/dl and 201.3 ± 77.0 mg/dl respectively, p = 0.466), in those dialysis fluid loss less than 2 liters (185.5 ± 82.6 mg/dl and 183.1 ± 94.0 mg/dl respectively and p = 0.805) and in those with hemoglobin greater than 12g/dl (152.0 ± 35, 5 mg/dl and 129.5 ± 47.4 mg/dl respectively, p = 0.016). In the correlation of the capillary measurement with the interstitial sensor, it was observed that the proportions in the Clarke Error Grid of zone A, zone B, zone C, zone D and zone E were 62.5%, 27.1%, 0.0 %, 10.4% and 0.0% respectively and in the Parkes Error Grid in zone A, zone B, zone C, zone D and zone E were 80.6%, 9.7%, 9.7% 0.0% and 0.0%, respectively.
Conclusion

The mean absolute relative difference in dialysis patients is higher than the general population without end-stage renal disease. However, clinical decision-making based on the values measured by the system can be made with a good margin based on the correlation between interstitial and capillary measurements.
The influence of the Samples thickness on the structural and optical properties of Polyvinyl Chloride/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite Films: Application in catalytic degradation of methylene blue dye.
Authors: GUEDRI Aimane , ZAABAT Mourad , BOUDINE Boubekeur , HAFDALLAH Abdelkader 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Considered Technique spin coating of the most important techniques used to prepare thin films because it is easy to use and inexpensive since it is closely dependent on the number of layers deposited. This work aims to study the effect of samples thickness for nanocomposites of polyvinyl chloride doped with zinc oxide nanoparticles on the structural, optical properties, and photocatalytic activities. Nanocomposite films of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) - zinc oxide (ZnO) with a different number of the deposited layers (15, 20, 25, and 30 layers) were synthesized by a sol-gel method (spin coating) using tetrahydrofuran as a solvent, and investigated by various techniques. X-ray diffraction measurements indicated in the case of 15, 20, and 25 layers do not clearly show the presence of diffraction peaks. On the other hand, in the case of 30 layers, the presence of several peaks is observed, which testify to the presence of ZnO crystallites of wurtzite structure in PVC films. The size of the crystallites is almost equal to 32 nm depending on the working conditions. Raman and infrared spectra confirmed the result of X-ray diffraction on the incorporation of ZnO crystallites in the films produced by showing peaks corresponding to the modes of vibration of the crystal lattice of the ZnO doping semiconductor. Optical transmittance spectra have shown that The layers obtained have an optical transmission varying from 75 to 86% in the visible region of the spectrum. The values of the band gap energies, determined from the transmission spectra for the films deposited on glass, vary between 3.45 and 3.94 eV. The Photoluminescence spectra of ZnO/PVC nanocomposites studied revealed a strong ultraviolet and green luminescence, attributed to structural defects in the zinc oxide. The photocatalytic reaction has been shown using MB in the UV irradiation action of films stacked in an MB solution. The result showed that the 30-layer (PVC / ZnO) sample gave an efficiency to remove MB of 79% at 60 min, Similar to other samples which gave a lower efficiency.
Bioaccumulation of heavy metals and As in maize (Zea mays L) grown close to mine tailings strongly impacts plant development
Authors: HUERTA ESTHER AURORA RUIZ , Hernández Maria Aurora Armienta , Dubrovsky Joseph G. , Bernal Juan Miguel Gómez 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Potentially toxic metals and metalloids present in mining residues can affect ecosystems, particularly plant growth and development. In this study we evaluated As and heavy metal (Fe, Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb) contents in maize (Zea mays L) plants grown in soils collected near (40 m), at intermediate (400 m) and remote (3000 m) distances from mine tailings near Taxco City, Mexico. Soils sampled near and at intermediate sites from the tailings contained high levels of heavy metals which were 3- to 55-fold higher compared to the control samples. The heavy metal and As content in plants reflected the soil contamination being the greatest for most studied elements in root samples followed by stems, leaves, and kernels. Though plants were capable of completing their life cycle and producing the seeds, high bioaccumulation levels had a strong impact on plant development. Abnormalities in the organs like malformations in reproductive structures (tassel and ear), reduction in the phytomer number and the plant height were present. Microscopic studies and morphometric analyses suggest that strongly affected plant growth result from negative and synergistic action of heavy metals and As in soils on cell growth and cell production. This study showed that maize grown near mine tailings accumulates high levels of heavy metals and As which decrease significantly plant yield and could be dangerous if consumed by animals and humans.
Risk Factors Associated With Under-Five Diarrhea and Their Effect on Under-Five Mortality in Rwanda: Secondary Data Analysis of 2014–2015 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey (Rdhs).
Authors: NDIKUBWIMANA Jean Bosco , NGENDAHIMANA Frederic , DUKUNDE Angelique , GATABAZI Evariste , HAKIZIMANA Faustin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Aims: Diarrhea claimed to be among the leading cause of childhood mortality in developing countries include Rwanda despite its simple protection measures. The current study intended to elucidate the image of childhood diarrhea and to sort out which strong causes are linked to this phenomenon in Rwanda. Therefore, contribute, on the basis of a quantitative analysis outcome, to good policymaking oriented to the enhancement of the welfare of children in Rwanda and the second target of SDGs of ensuring child survival.Methods: Data were obtained from RDHS2015 in the child’s file. Following the inclusion criteria of having at least one under-five child in a household and that child has full records on her/his diarrhea status during the last two weeks preceding the survey, a total of 7474 children met the criteria and were thus included in the analysis. The selection of variables was guided by Genser B. and colleagues’ theory. Descriptive, and bivariate analyses were performed. Identified variables were statistically associated with childhood diarrhea in Rwanda and were subsequently considered into the multivariate analysis of the strongest causes of childhood diarrhea in Rwanda.Results: The descriptive analysis revealed that among 7474 sampled under-five children, 12.11% have been infected by diarrhea during the two weeks preceding the survey. The bivariate analysis revealed that type of place of residence, mother’s education level, anemia level of the child, type of toilet facility, sharing the toilet with other households, time to get water source, source of drinking water, poverty, child’s age, and main floor material are statistically associated with the prevalence of childhood diarrhea in Rwanda and thus was selected to be predicting childhood diarrhea based on their significance level and confidence interval. The reduced model of binary logistic regression revealed that only being aged below three years, living in a poor family, and uses an improved toilet increases the chances of childhood diarrhea infection. Conclusions: Childhood diarrhea can be effectively managed with reasonable outcomes by strengthening the sanitation system with more focus on rural areas families especially the poorest families; reinforcement of the Ministry of Health, and other related measures to mitigate the identified issues. Also, periodically research is highly needed on all levels of children not only on diarrhea in order to help national level planning in various sectors.
Impact of Active Case Finding on Treatment Outcomes in Adult Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients
Authors: Sterlikov S. А. , Gаlkin V. B. , Mаliev B. M. , Shirokovа А. А. , Khorotetto V. А. , Mаyzhegishevа А. S. 
Published: August 2021

The objective:to assess the effect of active finding of tuberculosis cases on the frequency of bacterial excretion, lung tissue destruction, and treatment outcomes.Subjects and Methods.The characteristics of adult patients (newly detected - new cases and those with relapsed pulmonary tuberculosis) were studied in 2 phases: a) 1,404 cases, including 814 actively found, at detection; b) the outcomes of the completed first course of chemotherapy in 946 patients, including 565 actively detected, registered for treatment in 2017 and 2018. Adjusted relative risk (aOR) and statistical significance of differences were calculated.Results.Patients detected actively versus those detected by self presentation to a medical unit had a lower level of positive results of smear microscopy (aOR = 2.7;p< 0.01) and lung tissue destruction (aOR = 1.4;p= 0.01), but the level of positive culture was equal (aOR = 0.9;p= 0.6). Active case finding had no effect on treatment failure rate but if a patient is HIV negative and young, it reduced the risk of death in tuberculosis patients during treatment (aOR = 0.3;p< 0.01). Active case finding, along with no history of previous treatment, negative HIV status, and older age were inversely associated with treatment interruption (aOR = 0.3;p< 0.01).
SELİM İLERİ ROMANLARINDA ABDÜLHAK HÂMİD TARHAN’A YÖNELİK YAKLAŞIMIN NİTELİKLERİ
Authors: DURMUŞ Gökay 
Published: August 2021

Selim İleri, edebiyatımızın farklı türlerde eser vermiş üretken yazarlarındandır. İleri, kendine özgü bir poetika sahibi olması bakımından da önemli bir isimdir. Yazar, anlatılarına belirlediği poetik ilkeleri yansıtırken geçmiş ile şimdiki zamanı buluşturmak ister. Bu amaçla geçmişin edebi birikimini güncele taşımak ve insanların maziye yönelik yaklaşımlarında olumlu katkı sahibi olmak arzusundadır. Yazar söz konusu birikimi sadece isimler ve eserler odağında işlemez. Kurguladığı sahneleri ve kahramanları, tartıştığı konuları bu birikimden seçtiği malzemelerle zenginleştirir.
İleri’nin çalışmaya esas teşkil eden beş adet romanı, Abdülhak Hâmid’in edebiyat tarihimizdeki yeri ekseninde şekillenmiş romanlardır. Çalışmada, bu romanlarda Hâmid’in şahsiyeti, yaşamı ve eserleriyle ilgili olarak nasıl bir yaklaşım sergilendiği tahlil edilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Las mujeres STEM y sus apreciaciones sobre su transitar por la carrera universitaria
Authors: Hernández Herrera Claudia Alejandra 
Published: August 2021

El acceso a la educación de calidad para las mujeres permite alejarlas de la pobreza e incrementa sus posibilidades de incorporarse al mercado laboral; además, coadyuva a la disminución de la brecha de género y aporta al crecimiento, desarrollo e innovación de los países. Sin embargo, su presencia en los campos STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) es un reto, pues se enfrentan en ocasiones con ambientes académicos poco favorables. Por lo anterior, el objetivo de este artículo es estudiar las percepciones de las mujeres STEM de alto rendimiento académico (en educación superior) con relación a las motivaciones que las llevaron a elegir esas carreras, sus creencias sobre la mayor presencia masculina en esos campos y su sentir sobre los posibles actos de discriminación. Además, se propone indagar sus puntos de vista con relación a la actual enseñanza de las matemáticas que reciben las niñas. Lo anterior para conocer la realidad de las mujeres STEM, con el fin de identificar áreas de oportunidad y, de esa forma, proponer acciones que permitan contribuir al crecimiento de las jóvenes que actualmente estudian carreras STEM o están por elegir lo que estudiarán.
Método: Se trata de un estudio cualitativo para el que se realizaron trece entrevistas semiestructuradas a universitarias. El análisis se llevó a cabo con el software ATLAS.ti.
Resultados: Se encontró que ellas, desde edades tempranas, mostraron un gusto por las matemáticas; además, reciben el apoyo de su familia, pero se mantiene la preocupación sobre el futuro de las mujeres en esos campos. Igualmente se halló que ellas consideran que hay más varones en estos campos porque a las mujeres les dan miedo las áreas STEM por los conocimientos que se requieren, aunado a que se tiene la creencia de que las ingenierías son para los varones; asimismo han recibido actos discriminatorios.
Discusión o Conclusión: Se concluye que las instituciones de educación superior todavía tienen el reto de trabajar para eliminar los ambientes hostiles que se producen hacia ellas. También es necesario incrementar el número de profesoras, realizar un estudio de egresadas para trazar su trayectoria laboral, trabajar sobre un programa de becas dirigido a estudiantes de estratos socioeconómicos bajos e impulsar las estancias en los sectores productivos para que conozcan los ambientes laborales relacionados con su carrera.
Argument „ze skończoności” jako wariant kosmologicznego uzasadniania istnienia Boga
Authors: Łagosz Marek 
Published: August 2021

W artykule analizuję pewną odmianę kosmologicznej argumentacji za istnieniem Boga – „dowód ze skończoności”. W punkcie wyjścia opieram się na intuicjach Georga W.F. Hegla, które rozwijam. W swoich heglowskich inspiracjach ograniczam się do Wykładów z filozofii religii (t. 1 i 2). W konkluzji wskazuję na niebezpieczeństwo pomieszania porządku poznawczego (skończone jako przesłanka „dowodzenia” realności nieskończonego) z porządkiem ontycznym (domniemana zależność nieskończoności – w szczególności tej realizującej się w Bogu – od tego, co skończone).
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Zgłoszono: 30/10/2020. Zrecenzowano: 17/12/2020. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 24/04/2021
The Conception of Logic in the Cracow Circle: Salamucha, Drewnowski, Bocheński
Authors: Murawski Roman 
Published: August 2021

The aim of this paper is to present and analyse the views on logic of the members of the so-called Cracow Circle, namely the Dominican Father Józef (Innocenty) M. Bocheński, Rev. Jan Salamucha, and Jan Franciszek Drewnowski. They tried to apply the methods of modern formal/mathematical logic to philosophical and theological problems. In particular, they attempted to modernise contemporary Thomism (the trend which was then prevailing) by employing logical tools. The influence of Jan Łukasiewicz, the co-founder of the Warsaw School of Logic will be also discussed.
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Received: 16/01/2021. Reviewed: 24/03/2021. Accepted: 13/05/2021.