bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological Wellbeing and Perceived Social Acceptance in Gender Diverse Individuals
Authors: Romani Alessia , Mazzoli Francesca , Ristori Jiska , Cocchetti Carlotta , Cassioli Emanuele , Castellini Giovanni , Mosconi Maddalena , Meriggiola Maria Cristina , Gualdi Sara , Giovanardi Guido , Lingiardi Vittorio , Vignozzi Linda , Maggi Mario , Fisher Alessandra D. 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundOver the last few years, the gender binary has been questioned, highlighting the existence of gender diverse people, who identify as neither (exclusively) male nor female.AimThe present study evaluated the possible differences in terms of psychological wellbeing between binary and gender diverse individuals, as well as the role of perceived social acceptance and religious fundamentalism as possible mediators of psychopathology in gender diverse people. Furthermore, the diversity of gender-affirming hormonal treatment requests according to gender identification was investigated.MethodsA sample of 563 transgender people aged 18–70 was enrolled (n = 264 assigned female at birth, AFAB and n = 299 assigned male at birth, AMAB), all individuals referring to several Italian gender clinics. A subdivision of the study population based on the gender identity visual analog scale (GI-VAS) median was performed, in order to distinguish between gender diverse and binary transgender individuals. Moreover, a linear regression analysis was performed entering logarithmically transformed GI-VAS (Log GI-VAS) into the models with psychometric scales.OutcomesPsychometric and sociodemographic data, as well as information regarding requests for gender-affirming treatments, were extrapolated from the clinical interviews conducted during the first referral.RESULTSGender diverse individuals showed significantly less intense gender dysphoria and higher levels of depression and anxiety compared to binary ones; accordingly, a less binary gender identity correlated with higher levels of depression and anxiety and lower levels of gender dysphoria. The depressive symptomatology in gender diverse people was partially mediated by perceived discrimination and humiliation. Moreover, gender diverse AMAB people sought a non-standard hormonal treatment more often than their binary counterpart.Clinical ImplicationsThe present study highlights the importance for transgender health professionals, when planning gender-affirming hormonal treatments, to offer flexible interventions, tailored on the patient’s needs and goals.Strengths & LimitationsStrengths included exploring whether and how perceived discrimination may affect mental health in gender diverse people. Limitations included the enrolled sample of people referring to different gender clinics, which is not fully representative of the transgender population.CONCLUSIONThis study highlights the importance of evaluating each individual’s unique health care needs, exploring each single request and its underlying reasons.
An Ideal Design by Negotiation: The Construction of Philip the Good’s Palais Rihour at Lille
Authors: Hurx Merlijn 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTBetween 1459 and 1474, the duke of Burgundy ordered the construction of an entirely new residence in Lille, known as Palais Rihour. It was Philip the Good’s most ambitious architectural project, which set new standards for the display of princely magnificence. Among the new architectural features were a regular plan, a long gallery, a square stair tower with straight flights, and brick-and-stone masonry. The design had a significant impact on the development of court architecture in fifteenth- and sixteenth-century Spain and northern Europe. Despite its importance, Rihour has received little scholarly attention, the major work by Max Bruchet being almost a century old. The study of Philip’s residence is hampered by the loss of most of the structure. Following damage by two major fires in the eighteenth century, the entire complex was demolished in the mid-nineteenth century and today only the chapel and the relocated monumental stair tower survive. However, extensive archival research allows for a detailed reconstruction of Rihour’s phases of construction. The exceptionally numerous surviving letters offer a rare insight into the planning process and reveal the close involvement of Philip (1396–1467), and later his son Charles the Bold (1433–77), in the construction. Both Valois princes were concerned with minute details, and their frequent changes of mind caused despair among the building’s administrators, the auditors of the Chambre des Comptes of Flanders. The administrators advocated a more pragmatic approach, proposing cheaper alternative solutions to balance cost with the speed of construction. The innovative design was thus also the product of compromise.
Modernism and Cultural Politics in Inter-war Austria: The Case of Clemens Holzmeister
Authors: Rampley Matthew 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTThis article examines the work of the Austrian architect Clemens Holzmeister. A leading representative of Austrian architecture between the wars, and a significant figure in the 1950s and 1960s as teacher of the new generation of Austrian architects including Hans Hollein and Gustav Peichl, Holzmeister presents a perplexing image. In the 1920s, he played an important role in the early architectural projects of Red Vienna, but in the following decade he endorsed the Austrofascist regime of Engelbert Dollfuß and Kurt Schuschnigg of 1934–38. This article argues that his work presents other interpretative challenges too, for he was a prolific designer of churches, which have seldom been integrated into wider narratives of modern architecture. However his work is viewed, it was an important barometer of wider cultural and political currents in inter-war Austria, in particular the country’s attempt to construct a meaningful identity after the collapse of the Habsburg empire. The aim of the article is not to rehabilitate or recover Holzmeister, but to consider the light his work casts on inter-war cultural politics in Austria, as well as the broader questions over the implicit value judgements that inform histories of modern architecture.
William Allen and the ‘scientific Outlook’ in Architectural Education, 1936–66
Authors: Zamarian Patrick 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTModern architects in the inter-war period were enthused by the potential of science and technology to inform their work. The educational dimension of this changing mindset was first recognised and explored at the Bauhaus in Germany, the experiments of which were to inspire the teaching of architecture in schools across Europe and the United States, particularly after the end of the second world war. In the United Kingdom, the quest for a more science-based approach to architectural education had an equally important source in the work of the government’s Building Research Station (BRS). From the early 1930s, the BRS initiated steps to familiarise architectural students with its methodologies, and in the postwar years such concerns were channelled into a comprehensive pedagogical reform agenda that culminated in the landmark Oxford Conference on Architectural Education of 1958. This article argues that it was William Allen (1914–98), rather than better-known figures such as Leslie Martin and Richard Llewelyn-Davies, who was the driving force behind this agenda. As chief architect to the BRS, Allen took up a pivotal position at the intersection of building science and professional practice. The article shows how, over the course of two decades, Allen used the institutional machinery of both the BRS and the Royal Institute of British Architects to inject a scientific outlook into the training of architects. His success in doing so positions Allen as a major figure in British post-war architecture, even though his own attempt to implement his vision as principal of the Architectural Association (1961–65) ended in failure.
JOINT MODEL PREDICTION AND APPLICATION TO INDIVIDUAL-LEVEL LOSS RESERVING
Authors: Okine A. Nii-Armah , Frees Edward W. , Shi Peng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractInnon-life insurance, the payment history can be predictive of the timing of a settlement for individual claims. Ignoring the association between the payment process and the settlement process could bias the prediction of outstanding payments. To address this issue, we introduce into the literature of micro-level loss reserving a joint modeling framework that incorporates longitudinal payments of a claim into the intensity process of claim settlement. We discuss statistical inference and focus on the prediction aspects of the model. We demonstrate applications of the proposed model in the reserving practice with a detailed empirical analysis using data from a property insurance provider. The prediction results from an out-of-sample validation show that the joint model framework outperforms existing reserving models that ignore the payment–settlement association.
Comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge and HIV testing among men in sub-Saharan Africa: a multilevel modelling
Authors: Tetteh Justice Kanor , Frimpong James Boadu , Budu Eugene , Adu Collins , Mohammed Aliu , Ahinkorah Bright Opoku , Seidu Abdul-Aziz 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study investigated the association between comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge and HIV testing among men in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Data were taken from the most recent (2010–2019) Demographic and Health Survey men’s recode files of 29 countries in SSA. A total of 104,398 men who had complete information on all the variables of interest were included in the study. The outcome variable was HIV testing. A multilevel logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the association between comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge and HIV testing. The results of the fixed effects model were presented as adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The average prevalences of HIV testing and comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge among men in SSA were 53.5% and 50.8% respectively. Rwanda and Niger recorded the highest (93.6%) and lowest prevalences (9.8%) respectively. The prevalence of comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge among men in the 29 countries was 50.8%, with the highest in Rwanda (76.4%) and the lowest in Benin (31.1%). Men who had no comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge were less likely to test for HIV compared with those who had comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge (AOR=0.59, CI: 0.57–0.60). Men who were older than 20 years, married or cohabiting, with at least secondary education, in the richest wealth quintile, exposed to mass media, used condoms and with multiple sexual partners were more likely to test for HIV. To improve HIV testing among men in SSA, this study recommends that policymakers and stakeholders step up comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge sensitization and education using effective tools such as mass media.
Prevalence and molecular characterization of Sarcoptes scabiei from vicuñas (Vicugna vicugna) from Southern Peruvian Andes
Authors: Gomez-Puerta Luis A. , Pacheco Joel I. , Angulo-Tisoc José M. , García Wilber , Castillo Hugo , Lopez-Urbina Maria T. , Gonzalez Armando E. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Sarcoptic mange is a disease caused by an infectious parasite in the vicuñas (Vicugna vicugna) from South America. Although molecular studies have provided much information about the epidemiology of this disease, this information is still unknown in vicuñas. This study determined the prevalence and molecular characterization of Sarcoptes scabiei from vicuñas from Southern Peruvian Andes. During the 2018 shearing season, 181 vicuñas were clinically evaluated for lesions compatible with mange. Sarcoptes scabiei was detected in 35 (19.3%) vicuñas, and 50 mites from 25 vicuñas were selected for molecular analyses of the mitochondrial (cox1) and nuclear (ITS2) genetic markers. Molecular analyses of the cox1 and ITS2 sequences showed an identity of 94–99% and 99.8–100% with previous S. scabiei sequences registered in the GenBank, respectively. Sequence polymorphisms were more evident in the ITS2 than in the cox1, but only the cox1 had an association with the host. Phylogenetic analysis of S. scabiei cox1 sequences from vicuñas showed a cluster with S. scabiei cox1 sequences from canids, suggesting that the origin of S. scabiei from vicuña is associated with canid mites. This research is the first molecular analysis of S. scabiei from vicuñas. Future molecular studies will be necessary to determine the species variety, geographic segregation and host–parasite adaptation for this vicuña's mite.
Brief self-affirmation intervention for adults with psoriasis for reducing anxiety and depression and boosting well-being: Evidence from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Łakuta Patryk 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere are relatively few studies to address mental health implications of self-affirming, especially across groups experiencing a chronic health condition. In this study, short- and longer-term effects of a brief self-affirmation intervention framed in terms of implementation intentions (if-then plans with self-affirming cognitions; S-AII) were evaluated against an active control group (non-affirming implementation intentions; N-AII), matched to the target condition, and mere goal intention condition (a non-active control) in adults with psoriasis. The three pre-registered primary outcomes captured depression, anxiety, and well-being.MethodsAdults with psoriasis (N = 175; Mage = 36.53, s.d. = 11.52) were randomized into S-AII, N-AII, or control. Participants' mental health outcomes were assessed prior to randomization (at baseline), at week 2 (post-intervention), and at a 1-month follow-up.ResultsLinear mixed models were used and results were reported on the intention-to-treat principle. Analyses revealed that S-AII exerted significantly more improvement in the course of well-being (ds > 0.25), depressive symptoms (ds > −0.40), and anxiety (ds > −0.45) than the N-AII and control group at 2-week post-intervention. Though the differences between groups faded at 1-month follow-up, the within-group changes over time for S-AII in all mental health outcomes remained significant.ConclusionsBrief and low-intensity S-AII intervention exerted in the short-term a considerable impact on mental health outcomes. The S-AII shows promising results as a relevant public mental health strategy for enhancing well-being and reducing psychological distress. Future studies could consider whether these effects can be further enhanced with booster interventions.
Does interatrial communication affect post-operative course of children undergoing tetralogy of Fallot repair? Single centre retrospective cohort study: propensity score matching
Authors: Kabbani Mohamed S. , Jijeh Abdulraouf , Diraneyya Obayda M. , Basakran Fatimah A. , Bin Sabbar Najla S. , Fatima Anis , AlEraij Sheikah M. , Alshahrani Wafa A. , Ardah Husam I. , Shaath Ghassan A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroduction:During tetralogy of Fallot repair, leaving or even create an interatrial communication may facilitate post-operative course particularly with right ventricle restrictive physiology. The aim of our study is to assess the influence of atrial communication on post-operative course of tetralogy of Fallot repair.Methods:Retrospectively, we studied all children who had tetralogy of Fallot repair (2003–2018). We divided them into two groups: tetralogy of Fallot repair with interatrial communication (TOFASD) group and tetralogy of Fallot repair with intact atrial septum (TOFIAS) group. We performed propensity match score for specific pre- or intra-operative variables and compared groups for post-operative outcome variables. Secondarily, we looked for right ventricle restrictive physiology incidence and influence of early repair performed before 3 months of age on post-operative course.Results:One hundred and sixty children underwent tetralogy of Fallot repair including (93) cases of TOFIAS (58%) and (67) cases of TOFASD (42%). With propensity matching score, 52 patients from each group were compared. Post-operative course was indifferent in term of positive pressure ventilation time, vasoactive inotropic score, creatinine and lactic acid levels, duration and amount of chest drainage and length of intensive care unit and hospital stay. Right ventricle restrictive physiology occurred in 38% of patients with no effects on outcome. 12/104 patients (12%) with early repair needed longer pressure ventilation time (p = 0.003) and intensive care unit stay (p = 0.02).Conclusion:Leaving interatrial communication in tetralogy of Fallot repair did not affect post-operative course. As well, right ventricle restrictive physiology did not affect post-operative course. Infants undergoing early tetralogy of Fallot repair may require longer duration of positive pressure ventilation time and intensive care unit stay.
The influence of source of starch in concentrates on the performance of dairy cows
Authors: Assad M. A. , Rowlinson P. , Marsden S. 
Published: November 2021

The study was conducted to examine the response of dairy cows to changes in sources of dietary starch and to investigate whether ‘root’ starch sources are comparable to cereal starch sources in terms of the performance of lactating dairy cows.Thirty multiparous British Friesian/Holstein lactating diary cows, in a randomised block experiment, were allocated to one of five dietary treatments containing different proportions (1.00:0.00, 0.75:0.25, 0.50:0.50, 0.25:0.75 and 0.00:1.00), respectively, of two dairy concentrates (C or R) which were formulated to the same crude protein (180 g/Kg), ME (11.5 MJ/Kg FM) and starch (300 g/Kg) levels but differing only in the principal sources of starch. Barley and wheat were the principal sources of starch in the ‘cereal’ starch source concentrate (concentrate ‘C’) whilst cassava was the main ingredient in the ‘ root ’ starch source concentrate (concentrate ‘ R ’). All cows were offered the concentrate diet on a flat rate (10 Kg FM/day) with grass silage fed to appetite.
Control of ovarian function in cattle
Authors: Webb R. , Gong J.G. , Gutierrez C.G. , Armstrong D.G. , Campbell B.K. 
Published: November 2021

The control of ovarian function in cattle involves the complex interaction of local and systemic feedback mechanisms. This control system ensures that in greater than 96% of cows only one follicle will ovulate each oestrous cycle. A better understanding of the mechanisms involved should lead to improved synchronisation of oestrus in herds, thereby increasing the success rate of artificial insemination, improve the effectiveness of superovulation regimes and provide opportunities for the induction of twinning. It has been estimated that modest improvements in these areas would benefit the UK cattle industry by at least Â£200 million per year.Follicular growth in cattle occurs in a wave-like pattern with usually three waves, sometimes two waves but rarely four waves, of follicles growing and regressing each oestrous cycle. This follicle wave pattern is also present during periods of anoestrus. Each follicle wave, which is usually preceeded by a rise in peripheral FSH concentrations, is characterized by the emergence, from the pool of growing follicles, of a large ‘dominant’ follicle.
Determination of fatty acid composition of pig fat by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy
Authors: Redshaw M S , Wiseman J , Probert L , Cole D J A 
Published: November 2021

Near infrared spectroscopy has been used in a wide range of agricultural sciences as an analytical tool to replace traditional wet chemistry. The current study was designed to investigate its possibilities for use as a technique in determining fatty acid profiles of pig fat.This study was carried out as part of a larger study examining influences of dietary fat sources on pig carcass and meat quality. Samples of the outer layer of pig fat from 52 animals was freeze dried then extracted with petroleum ether (40-60) for eight hours in a Soxhlet apparatus. This known quantity of fat was dissolved in 50 ml chloroform and a sub sample scanned in to the NIRS (Figure 1 shows a typical spectra). A sample of this chloroform solution was also methylated and the fatty acid profile determined by gas liquid chromatography. Values for each sample were determined for; total weight of fat, weight of: myristic, palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic fatty acids, as well as the total weight of saturated fatty acids (myristic + palmitic + stearic), total weight of monounsaturated fat (palmitoleic + oleic) and total weight of polyunsaturated fat (linoleic + linolenic).
Phosphorus equivalence of aspergillus niger phytase for growing pigs
Authors: Khan Naheeda , Cole D.J.A. 
Published: November 2021

Inconsistencies in the estimated phosphorus requirements of growing pigs have come to light in recent years due to environmental constraints being imposed on the livestock production sector. Values of a net requirement estimated by the ARC (1981) extend from 4.6 g/day for 25kg liveweight to 5.2 g/day for 45kg pigs, but current literature suggesting that the actual requirement may be lower (eg Jongbloed and Everts, 1991) calls for a revision of previous recommendations.Around two thirds of the total phosphorus in cereals exists in the form of insoluble phytates which must be degraded before the phosphorus can be absorbed in the intestine. Under experimental conditions, the use of phytase in pig diets has demonstrated consistent improvements in phosphorus digestibility. The enzyme hydrolyses phytate by stepwise removal of orthophosphates, which become available for absorption in the gut. Although quantification of phytase/phosphorus substitution is as yet undetermined, digestibility results so far indicate that if used correctly the enzyme could largely replace inorganic phosphates, particularly in regions where soil phosphate levels are of concern.
The use of dairy cow faeces rather than rumen liquor in the gas pressure transducer technique for assessing digestion kinetics in vitro
Authors: Harris D M , Barlet A , Chamberlain A T 
Published: November 2021

The pressure transducer technique has been proposed as a method of evaluating feed degradation characteristics (Theodorou, 1993) and it has been shown to predict the in vivo and in sacco degradability of forages (Blummel and Orskov, 1993). However the original technique requires rumen liquor and hence access to surgically prepared animals. Faecal material is generally easier to obtain and this work assessed it's suitability as an alternative source of microbes.Rumen liquor (R) and faeces (F) were collected simultaneously from a rumenally fistulated lactating dairy cow. R was mixed 1:1 with modified van Soest medium and F 1:2 to obtain similar dry matter contents. Homogenised strained 20 ml aliquats were inoculated into vented 250 ml bottles containing 180 ml of modified van Soest medium and 1.5g DM of a 7:3 mixture of milled air dried grass silage and 180 g CP / kg DM concentrates. The 7:3 ratio of silage and concentrates was chosen to reflect the diet the donor cow was consuming.
Genetic parameters for somatic cell count for three dairy breeds in the united kingdom (uk)
Authors: Mrode R A , Swanson G J T , Winters M S 
Published: November 2021

Mastitis constitutes a major source of economic loss in the national dairy herd. Although good management practices can produce a major reduction in mastitis, there is considerable interest in the reduction of mastitis through breeding. Somatic cell counts (SCC) have been used as a way of indirectly measuring sub-clinical mastitis within a herd. Since 1991, average cell count is obtained for all herds and this is used to adjust milk payments.Milk recording organisations introduced a cow cell count service in 1990. The data are now available for the preliminary analysis of the usefulness of somatic cell counts. The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for SCC for three major breeds in the UK.