bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TeamSTEPPS Curricular-Wide Integration
Authors: Ross Jennifer Gunberg , Latz Eleanor , Meakim Colleen H. , Mariani Bette 
Published: March 2021

Background
To promote safe patient care, nurses must work collaboratively with members of the interprofessional health care team.

Purpose
The purposes of this study were to explore the effect of a curricular-wide integration of TeamSTEPPS training on baccalaureate nursing students' teamwork knowledge and attitudes and to describe students' perceptions of TeamSTEPPS curricular-wide integration.

Methods
In this quasi-experimental, mixed-methods study, the experimental group engaged in a curricular-wide integration of TeamSTEPPS throughout the baccalaureate nursing program, whereas the control group received no TeamSTEPPS training.

Results
The experimental group had significantly higher teamwork knowledge than the control group after training. The curricular-wide integration of TeamSTEPPS was positively received by students.

Conclusions
This study demonstrated the feasibility and benefits of integrating TeamSTEPPS teamwork training throughout a baccalaureate nursing curriculum, as well as the knowledge gained by students because of this curricular-wide integration. With further research, TeamSTEPPS could offer an evidence-based approach to promote the interprofessional teamwork knowledge and skills nursing students need for safe patient care.
A Survey of Mental Health in Graduate Nursing Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rosenthal Laura , Lee Stephanie , Jenkins Peggy , Arbet Jaron , Carrington Suzanne , Hoon Shane , Purcell Sue K. , Nodine Priscilla 
Published: March 2021

Background
Elevated levels of stress, anxiety, and depression are common symptoms in graduate students pursuing a degree in the health care professions. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic likely complicated these existing issues.

Purpose
To confirm this hypothesis, researchers created a survey to examine the experiences of graduate nursing students during COVID-19.

Methods
Graduate nursing students (n = 222) completed the survey, which included 2 instruments: the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and the Impact of Events Scale (IES-R).

Results
Nearly 25% of students expressed moderate to extremely severe levels of negative emotional states on the DASS-21, and 23.8% of students scored within the area of clinical concern for the presence of posttraumatic stress disorder on the IES-R.

Conclusions
Understanding levels of mental health and associated factors that may contribute to changes can assist administration, faculty, and staff in targeting resources and interventions to support graduate nursing students to continue their education.
Treatment and outcomes of pediatric supracondylar humeral fractures in Korle Bu Teaching Hospital
Authors: Baidoo Paa Kwesi , Kumah-Ametepey Raphael , Segbefia Michael , Buunaaim Alexis Dun Bo-ib 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objectives:
Supracondylar humeral fractures (SCHF) are the most common elbow injury in the pediatric population. The treatment, outcome, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) following these injuries are described.

Methods:
Patients with SCHF who were treated depending on the fracture type were evaluated. Medical records stored in the REDCap database were reviewed to obtain information on demographics, mechanisms of injury, neurovascular status, infection rates, and postoperative complications. Outcomes were assessed using Flynn's criteria and Pediatric Quality of Life (PedsQL) version 4.0. Follow-up was for 6 months.

Results:
A total of 101 patients with a mean age of 5.2 years (SD ± 2.3) were seen. Most of the injuries occurred at home (64.3%). The left-arm (nondominant) was the most injured (62%), though 92% of patients were right hand dominant. Ninety-six percent of the fractures were the extension type. A total of 98% had satisfactory outcomes using Flynn's criteria and older patients were likely to sustain Gartland type III SCHF (P
= .01). There was a significant difference in mean scores of PedsQL (all P values < .01) at 6 months.

Conclusions:
In this prospective study, the quality of life of patients following SCHF diminished at the time of the injury and returned to the population normal 6 months after. There was no significant difference in HRQoL scores between patients who presented early and those who presented late. The delayed presentation and management did not also affect the functional outcome and complications. Therefore, surgical management of these injuries after late presentation is still safe.
Brief Report: Low Incidence of Hepatitis C Among a Cohort of HIV-Negative Gay and Bisexual Men Using HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) in Melbourne, Australia, and the Contribution of Sexual Transmission
Authors: Cornelisse Vincent J. , Traeger Michael W. , Wright Edwina J. , Murphy Dean , Stoové Mark , Hellard Margaret , Sacks-Davis Rachel , Asselin Jason , Fairley Christopher K. , Doyle Joseph , Sasadeusz Joseph 
Published: March 2021

Background:
PrEPX was an Australian HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) study conducted between 2016 and 2018. This analysis aimed to estimate hepatitis C (HCV) incidence and explore likely modes of transmission.

Setting:
Cohort study of PrEP users in Victoria, Australia.

Methods:
HCV tests were conducted at enrollment and every 12 months thereafter. HCV incident cases were identified from laboratory data. Likely modes of transmission were inferred from computer-assisted self-interviews, medical records, and interviews.

Results:
Among 3202 PrEPX participants tested for HCV at baseline, HCV RNA-positive prevalence was 0.22% (95% confidence interval: 0.09 to 0.45). Among participants testing HCV antibody-negative or RNA-negative at baseline, 2058 had at least one follow-up HCV test. Eight incident HCV cases were identified during 2111 person-years of follow-up (incidence 0.38/100 person-years); all were primary infections in men who had sex with men. Clinical, laboratory, and computer-assisted self-interviews data were available for all, and 6 cases were interviewed. Three cases were attributable to injecting drug use (IDU). A fourth case reported IDU, but his HCV was attributable to sexual transmission. Four other cases reported no IDU and probably acquired HCV sexually. Most cases reported anal trauma in the context of condomless receptive anal intercourse during group sex at sex-on-premises venues.

Conclusions:
In PrEPX, HCV incidence was low compared to international PrEP studies, and most cases were transmitted sexually. Our findings highlight the need for HCV prevention messaging by clinicians, in sex-on-premises venues, and on digital platforms used to arrange group sex; and the need for HCV screening among some PrEP-using men who have sex with men.
The intracellular phase of extracellular respiratory tract bacterial pathogens and its role on pathogen-host interactions during infection
Authors: Lamberti Yanina , Surmann Kristin 
Published: March 2021

Purpose of review
An initial intracellular phase of usually extracellular bacterial pathogens displays an important strategy to hide from the host's immune system and antibiotics therapy. It helps the bacteria, including bacterial pathogens of airway diseases, to persist and eventually switch to a typical extracellular infection. Several infectious diseases of the lung are life-threatening and their control is impeded by intracellular persistence of pathogens. Thus, molecular adaptations of the pathogens to this niche but also the host's response and potential targets to interfere are of relevance. Here we discuss examples of historically considered extracellular pathogens of the respiratory airway where the intracellular survival and proliferation is well documented, including infections by Staphylococcus aureus, Bordetella pertussis, Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and others.

Recent findings
Current studies focus on bacterial factors contributing to adhesion, iron acquisition, and intracellular survival as well as ways to target them for combatting the bacterial infections.

Summary
The investigation of common and specific mechanisms of pathogenesis and persistence of these bacteria in the host may contribute to future investigations and identifications of relevant factors and/or bacterial mechanisms to be blocked to treat or improve prevention strategies.
Craniofacial Surgery-Related Hashtag Utilisation on Instagram
Authors: Kilcoyne Sarah , Rogers Constance , Thomas Gregory P.L. , Wall Steven , Johnson David 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Patients, parents, and carers are increasingly using social media to access and contribute to health information. There are currently 3.484 billion active social media users. Instagram is a primarily visual social media platform for sharing photographs and videos with currently over one billion monthly active users. Limited research has investigated the use of Instagram in healthcare contexts including plastic surgery, and in the treatment of specific conditions, such as fibromyalgia and scoliosis. This study aimed to investigate the use of Instagram in relation to craniofacial surgery.

Methods:
The authors investigated the use of 12 Instagram craniofacial surgery-related hashtags. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected for each of the “top” nine posts associated with each hashtag. Duplicate posts, posts not in English and those not relevant to craniofacial surgery were excluded.
Thematic analysis was then used to qualitatively evaluate the captions and comments of each of the nine “top” posts associated with each hashtag.

Results:
A total number of 151,738 posts were identified using the 12 hashtags queried in the present study, with #craniofacial being the most popular hashtag (87% of posts). Parents (n = 25, 33%) and surgeons (n = 25, 33%) were responsible for the majority of posts. A heterogenous group were responsible for the remaining 34% of posts.
Results indicated that parents and surgeons posted significantly different images (chi-squared with Yates correlation is 25.0519, P
< 0.00001). Parents’ posts were predominantly images of their child/patients (n = 24) compared to posts about patients by surgeons (n = 6). Posts by surgeons were predominantly images of professionals (n = 14) compared to images of professionals posted by parents (n = 1).
Results of qualitative analysis of captions of posts indicated a significant difference in themes that emerged between parents and surgeons; with surgeons largely using Instagram for information giving, and parents for sharing of experiences (chi-square (n = 108) = 40.83, P
< 0.00001).
There was a significant difference (two-tailed t test, P
= 0.002) in engagement (measured by the number of likes on posts) on posts by parents (mean = 3778) compared to posts by surgeons (mean = 135.4)

Conclusions:
Results indicate that craniofacial-surgery related posts on Instagram provide a medium to allow individuals and families with rare disorders to connect and share their experiences. The use of Instagram to share information about craniofacial abnormalities via Instagram has the potential to be used by healthcare professionals to educate and support patients and families.
Maxillary Changes Following Facial Bipartition – A Three-Dimensional Quantification
Authors: Rickart Alexander J. , van de Lande Lara S. , O'Sullivan Eimear , Ong Juling , Gill Daljit S. , Evans Robert D. , Schievano Silvia , Dunaway David J. 
Published: March 2021

Introduction:
Children with Apert syndrome have hypertelorism and midfacial hypoplasia, which can be treated with facial bipartition (FB), often aided by rigid external distraction. The technique involves a midline osteotomy that lateralizes the maxillary segments, resulting in posterior cross-bites and midline diastema. Varying degrees of spontaneous realignment of the dental arches occurs postoperatively. This study aims to quantify these movements and assess whether they occur as part of a wider skeletal relapse or as dental compensation.

Methods:
Patients who underwent FB and had high quality computed tomography scans at the preoperative stage, immediately postsurgery, and later postoperatively were reviewed. DICOM files were converted to three-dimensional bone meshes and anatomical point-to-point displacements were quantified using nonrigid iterative closest point registration. Displacements were visualized using arrow maps, thereby providing an overview of the movements of the facial skeleton and dentition.

Results:
Five patients with Apert syndrome were included. In all cases, the arrow maps demonstrated initial significant anterior movement of the frontofacial segment coupled with medial rotation of the orbits and transverse divergence of the maxillary arches. The bony position following initial surgery was shown to be largely stable, with primary dentoalveolar relapse correcting the dental alignment.

Conclusions:
This study showed that spontaneous dental compensation occurs following FB without compromising the surgical result. It may be appropriate to delay active orthodontic for 6-months postoperatively until completion of this early compensatory phase.
The Kiss Flap Technique: An Alternative Concept for Reconstruction of Extensive Scalp Defects
Authors: Krakowczyk Łukasz , Opyrchał Jakub , Piotrowska-Seweryn Agnieszka 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The main scope of the kiss flap technique is to harvest double-skin paddle flaps, narrower than those harvested in a standard manner and rearrange them side-by-side (“kissing”) in order to match the exact size and contour of the defect. Apart from the possibility of custom-designing the desired shape of soft tissue coverage, the kiss technique enables tension-free direct closure of the donor site, reducing its morbidity and improving aesthetic appearance. In this paper, two patients with severe scalp defects after cancer resections are presented. Due to poor elasticity of surrounding tissues, complexity of composite defect together with extensive range of resection: the kiss technique was applied to the anterolateral thigh flap in both cases. Possibility of implementing the described method in almost all perforator-based flaps is encouraging. Although, prolonged operating time, the necessity of meticulous preoperative perforator mapping as well as extended surgical dissection should be taken into consideration when planning kiss flaps.
Evaluation of Three-Dimensional Heads up Ophthalmic Surgery Demonstration From the Perspective of Surgeons and Postgraduate Trainees
Authors: Cheng Teck Chee , Yahya Maliha Farah Nurhazirah , Mohd Naffi Ainal Adlin , Othman Othmaliza , Seng Fai Tang , Yong Meng Hsien , Wan Abdul Halim Wan Haslina , Mustapha Mushawiahti , Che Hamzah Jemaima , Md Din Norshamsiah , Bastion Mae-Lynn Catherine 
Published: March 2021

Background:
To evaluate the satisfaction of surgeons and trainees with three-dimensional (3D) ophthalmic surgery during a demonstration compared to traditional surgery

Methods:
This validated questionnaire-based study was conducted over 1-month during which Ngenuity 3D surgery was demonstrated. All surgeons and trainees exposed were recruited to complete a questionnaire comprising visualization, physical, ease of use, teaching and learning, and overall satisfaction.

Results:
All 7 surgeons and 33 postgraduate students responded. Surgeons reported no significant difference except overall (P = 0.047, paired t-test). Postgraduate trainees reported significantly better experience with 3D for illumination (P = 0.008), manoeuvrability (P = 0.01), glare (P = 0.037), eye strain (P = 0.008), neck and upper back strain (P = 0.000), lower back pain (P = 0.019), communication (P = 0.002), comfortable environment (P = 0.001), sharing of knowledge (P = 0.000), and overall (P = 0.009).

Conclusions:
During early experience, surgeons and trainees reported better satisfaction with 3D overall. Trainees had better satisfaction with 3D in various subcomponents of visualization, physical, ease of use, and education.
Capsaicin 8% patch Qutenza and other current treatments for neuropathic pain in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN)
Authors: Privitera Rosario , Anand Praveen 
Published: March 2021

Purpose of review
Current oral treatments for neuropathic pain associated with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) have limited clinical efficacy, and undesirable side-effects. Topically delivered treatments have the advantage of avoiding CNS side-effects, while relieving pain. We have reviewed treatments of neuropathic pain associated with CIPN, focusing on the Capsaicin 8% patch, which can provide pain relief for up to 3 months or longer after a single 30–60-min application.

Recent findings
Capsaicin 8% patch is a licensed treatment in the EU/UK for neuropathic pain and shown to be safe and effective in providing pain relief for patients with CIPN. Repeated daily oral or topical administrations are not required, as with other current treatments. The side-effects are transient and restricted to the time around patch application. New evidence suggests the Capsaicin 8% patch can promote the regeneration and restoration of skin nerve fibres in CIPN, in addition to the pain relief.

Summary
The Capsaicin 8% patch is now often a preferred a treatment option for localised neuropathic pain conditions, including the feet and hands in patients with CIPN. Capsaicin 8% patch can be repeated three-monthly, if needed, for a year. In addition to pain relief, it may have a disease-modifying effect.
Pain in Parkinson's disease: Mechanism-based treatment strategies
Authors: Rukavina Katarina , Cummins Tatum M. , Chaudhuri K. Ray , Bannister Kirsty 
Published: March 2021

Purpose of review
Chronic pain, highly prevalent throughout the course of Parkinson's disease (PD), has been ranked as one of the top ten most bothersome symptoms people with Parkinson's (PwP) are experiencing. Yet, robust evidence-based treatment strategies are lacking. This unmet need is partly attributable to the multifaceted nature of PD-related pain, which results in part from a complex and poorly understood interplay involving a range of neurotransmitter pathways. Degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathways and alterations of central nervous system extra-striatal dopaminergic, noradrenergic, serotoninergic, glutamatergic, opioidergic and endocannabinoid circuits may all promote a heightened experience of pain in PwP. Thus, the potential targets for mechanism-based pain-relieving strategies in PwP are several. These targets are discussed herein.

Recent findings
An increasing number of clinical trials and experimental studies in animal models of PD are being designed with the aim of addressing the pathophysiological mechanism(s) underlying PD-related pain. Overall, recent research findings highlight the analgesic effects of dopaminergic and opioidergic medication for certain subtypes of pain in PwP, whereas proposing novel strategies that involve targeting other neurotransmitter pathways.

Summary
The origin of pain in PwP remains under investigation. Although our understanding of the mechanisms underpinning persistent pain in PD has improved in recent years, this has not yet translated to clinical alleviation of this most troublesome nonmotor symptom. Patient stratification linked with evidence-based personalized pain-treatment plans for optimal analgesic relief will rely on advances in our understanding of the dopaminergic and nondopaminergic targets outlined in this review.
Routine Office Assessment After OnabotulinumtoxinA Injection for Overactive Bladder Is Unnecessary to Detect Clinically Significant Voiding Dysfunction
Authors: Aldrich Emily R. , Pauls Rachel N. 
Published: March 2021

Objective
This study aimed to determine if routine assessment of patients after onabotulinumtoxinA injections for overactive bladder is necessary to detect clinically significant voiding dysfunction.

Methods
This retrospective cross-sectional cohort study analyzed patients who underwent intravesical injection of onabotulinumtoxinA for overactive bladder during a 4-year period. Patients were included for analysis if they returned for an office follow-up visit within 1 month of administration. Baseline demographic data; procedural details; postvoid residual volumes; abnormal postprocedure voiding symptoms, including urinary frequency, pain, or inability to void; urinary tract infections; and initiation of intermittent self-catheterization were recorded. Descriptive statistics, point-biserial and Pearson correlation analyses were performed.

Results
Two hundred thirty-seven injections were included in our analysis. Fifteen encounters, from 13 patients, required the initiation of intermittent self-catheterization (6.3%). The median postvoid residual in those treated with intermittent self-catheterization was 300 mL (min, max: 200, 750 mL); all had received 100 units of onabotulinumtoxinA. The most common symptom among those requiring intermittent self-catheterization was urgency (n = 13; 87%), whereas 93% (n = 14) had at least 1 bothersome symptom. Correlation analyses showed a weak positive correlation with elevated postvoid residual volume and a history of prolapse repair (r = 0.269, P = 0.004), and prior pelvic surgery (r = 0.205, P = 0.029).

Conclusions
Clinically relevant urinary retention that required intermittent self-catheterization after onabotulinumtoxinA injection for overactive bladder occurred in 6.3% of participants in this sample. The vast majority of patients who required intermittent self-catheterization described symptoms that they were able to self-identify.
Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike responses to Pfizer-BioNTech and Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccines by previous infection status
Authors: Eyre David W , Lumley Sheila F , Wei Jia , Cox Stuart , James Tim , Justice Anita , Jesuthasan Gerald , O’Donnell Denise , Howarth Alison , Hatch Stephanie B , Marsden Brian D , Jones E Yvonne , Stuart David I , Ebner Daniel , Hoosdally Sarah , Crook Derrick W , Peto Tim EA , Walker Timothy M , Stoesser Nicole E , Matthews Philippa C , Pouwels Koen B , Walker A Sarah , Jeffery Katie 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectivesWe investigate determinants of SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike IgG responses in healthcare workers (HCWs) following one or two doses of Pfizer-BioNTech or Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccines.MethodsHCWs participating in regular SARS-CoV-2 PCR and antibody testing were invited for serological testing prior to first and second vaccination, and 4 weeks post-vaccination if receiving a 12-week dosing interval. Quantitative post-vaccination anti-spike antibody responses were measured using the Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant assay (detection threshold: ≥50 AU/ml). We used multivariable logistic regression to identify predictors of seropositivity and generalised additive models to track antibody responses over time.ResultsVaccine uptake was 80%, but less in lower-paid roles and Black, south Asian and minority ethnic groups. 3570/3610(98.9%) HCWs were seropositive >14 days post-first vaccination and prior to second vaccination, 2706/2720(99.5%) after Pfizer-BioNTech and 864/890(97.1%) following Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccines. Previously infected and younger HCWs were more likely to test seropositive post-first vaccination, with no evidence of differences by sex or ethnicity. All 470 HCWs tested >14 days after second vaccine were seropositive. Quantitative antibody responses were higher after previous infection: median(IQR) >21 days post-first Pfizer-BioNTech 14,604(7644-22,291) AU/ml vs. 1028(564-1985) AU/ml without prior infection (p<0.001). Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine recipients had lower readings post-first dose compared to Pfizer-BioNTech, with and without previous infection, 10,095(5354-17,096) and 435(203-962) AU/ml respectively (both p<0.001 vs. Pfizer-BioNTech). Antibody responses post-second vaccination were similar to those after prior infection and one vaccine dose.ConclusionsVaccination leads to detectable anti-spike antibodies in nearly all adult HCWs. Whether differences in response impact vaccine efficacy needs further study.