bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In the Footsteps of St. Jerome
Authors: Špoljarić Luka 
Published: October 2021

Le xve siècle a vu l’apparition de la branche dalmate de la République des Lettres. Confrontés à l’affirmation par les Vénitiens de leur supériorité culturelle et politique et à la menace turque, les humanistes de Dalmatie ont répliqué par leurs propres récits, au sein desquels ils ont mis en avant les gloires présentes et passées de leurs villes et de leurs nations. Cette contribution analyse deux chorographies composées dans cette pespective : le De situ Illyriae et civitate Sibenici (1487) de Juraj Šižgorić de Šibenik et l’Oratio de origine successibusque Slavorum (1532) de Vinko Pribojević de Hvar. Elle montre que, bien que les auteurs se soient tous deux lamentés à propos des malheurs qui s’étaient abattus sur leur nation, ils acceptaient l’idée humaniste d’une renaissance des lettres et célébraient les viri illustres contemporains qui suivaient les pas de leur patron national, l’érudit saint Jérôme.
Illustre Montaigne : la lente construction d’une gloire littéraire
Authors: Desan Philippe 
Published: October 2021

Comment Montaigne devint-il un grand homme alors qu’il se réclame sans cesse « homme moyen » et alors qu’il dit représenter « la plus parfaicte la moyenne mesure » ? L’apologie de la médiocrité est en effet une constante des Essais. Il s’agit donc d’identifier les mécanismes littéraires qui transforment un texte et un homme moyen en un objet bientôt canonisé par son lectorat et systématiquement présenté comme hors du commun. Bref, peut-on se présenter comme un homme moyen et accéder pour autant au statut de grand homme ou d’homme illustre ? C’est cette transformation de Montaigne en homme illustre qui retient ici mon attention, notamment aux xviie et xviiie siècles. Nous analysons comment son exception et sa différence (faussement construites par l’élite intellectuelle du xixe siècle) lui permirent d’être considéré comme un grand littérateur et donc un homme illustre.
Histoire de l’échec d’une Vie : ni paradis des saints ni panthéon pour Michel de Marillac (1563-1632)
Authors: Jouhaud - Christian 
Published: October 2021

Le garde des Sceaux Michel de Marillac a été arrêté lors de la crise politique dite « Journée des dupes » (novembre 1630) et il est mort emprisonné. Son ami Nicolas Lefevre de Lezeau a écrit l’histoire de sa vie avec l’objectif de camper une vie de saint et d’exemplaire grand serviteur de l’État. Mais cet ouvrage est resté manuscrit malgré deux tentatives d’édition. Cette contribution se propose d’établir l’histoire de cet échec et de tenter d’en comprendre les raisons.
Du Museo à l’illustration : la fabrique d’hommes illustres de Paolo Giovio
Authors: Thiec Guy Le 
Published: October 2021

Le Museo de Paolo Giovio, collection de près de quatre cents portraits d’hommes illustres, a concentré différents types d’illustration : celle, reconnue, car sanctionnée par l’Histoire, d’hommes illustres canoniques ; celle de personnages de moindre renom acquise par ceux-ci grâce à la collection picturale ; celle, enfin, conférée par le passage à l’imprimé qui, conciliant texte et image, faisait sortir du Museo de Côme la gloire d’hommes illustres qui y avait été recueillie.
INFLUENCE OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS ON PERFORMANCE OF PROJECTS AMONG STATE CORPORATIONS IN KENYA
Authors: Mutiso Stephen , Mwangangi Patrick 
Published: October 2021

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of public private partnerships on performance of projects among state corporations in Kenya with an aim of making recommendations to other institutions.

Methodology: The researcher reviewed both theoretical and empirical literature and proposed to use the research methodology that addressed the gaps identified in literature as well as answer the stipulated research questions. This research study adopted a descriptive research design approach. The study prefers this method because it allows an in-depth study of the subject. The study employed stratified random sampling technique in coming up with a sample size of 127 respondents from a total of 187 target population. Structured and semi structured questionnaires were used to collect data. Data gathered from the questionnaires administered was analyzed by the help of Ms Excel and SPSS version 22, while output was presented inform of frequency tables and charts. The study used both descriptive and inferential statistics to show the relationship between variables
Results and conclusion: The response rate of the study was 87%.The coefficient of determination also called the R2 was 0.634. R2 value of 0.634 means that 63.4% of the corresponding variation in performance of commercial building projects registered by National Construction Authority in Kenya can be explained or predicted by (information technology adoption, strategic partnerships, customer experience management, team management) which indicated that the model fitted the study data.The findings of the study indicated that information technology adoption, strategic partnerships, customer experience management and team management have a positive relationship with performance of commercial building projects registered by National Construction Authority in Kenya.The findings of the study indicated that legal framework, stakeholder involvement, value for money and risk management have a positive relationship with performance of projects among state corporations in Kenya
Policy recommendation: The study recommended that public institutions should embrace public private partnerships so as to improve performance of projects among state corporations and further researches should to be carried out in other public institutions to find out if the same results can be obtained.
Development of an in situ dual-channel thermal desorption gas chromatography instrument for consistent quantification of volatile, intermediate-volatility and semivolatile organic compounds
Authors: Wernis Rebecca A. , Kreisberg Nathan M. , Weber Robert J. , Liang Yutong , Jayne John , Hering Susanne , Goldstein Allen H. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Aerosols are a source of great uncertainty in radiative
forcing predictions and have poorly understood health impacts. Most aerosol
mass is formed in the atmosphere from reactive gas-phase organic precursors,
forming secondary organic aerosol (SOA). Semivolatile organic compounds
(SVOCs) (effective saturation concentration, C*, of 10−1–103 µg m−3) comprise a large fraction of organic aerosol, while
intermediate-volatility organic compounds (IVOCs) (C* of
103–106 µg m−3) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
(C* ≥ 106 µg m−3) are gas-phase precursors to SOA and
ozone. The Comprehensive Thermal Desorption Aerosol Gas Chromatograph (cTAG) is the
first single instrument simultaneously quantitative for a broad range of
compound-specific VOCs, IVOCs and SVOCs. cTAG is a two-channel instrument
which measures concentrations of C5–C16 alkane-equivalent-volatility VOCs and IVOCs on one channel and C14–C32 SVOCs on the
other coupled to a single high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer,
achieving consistent quantification across 15 orders of magnitude of vapor
pressure. cTAG obtains concentrations hourly and gas–particle partitioning
for SVOCs every other hour, enabling observation of the evolution of these species
through oxidation and partitioning into the particle phase. Online
derivatization for the SVOC channel enables detection of more polar and
oxidized species. In this work we present design details and data evaluating key parameters of
instrument performance such as I/VOC collector design optimization,
linearity and reproducibility of calibration curves obtained using a custom
liquid evaporation system for I/VOCs and the effect of an ozone removal
filter on instrument performance. Example timelines of precursors with
secondary products are shown, and analysis of a subset of compounds
detectable by cTAG demonstrates some of the analytical possibilities with
this instrument.
عمل المرأة مأذوناً شرعياً في الفقه الإسلامي والمعمول به في القضاء الشرعي الفلسطيني
Authors: كليبي يوسف 
Published: October 2021

يعد تولي المرأة لوظيفة المأذونة الشرعية من القضايا المعاصرة التي ظهرت في الآونة الأخيرة خصوصاً بعد إقرار بعض الدول الإسلامية توليها هذه الوظيفة، وعلى إثر ذلك ظهرت أصوات تطالب ببيان رأي الشرع في هذا الأمر، فتناقضت الآراء بين مجيز ومانع، وتهدف هذه الدراسة إلى البحث عن مدى مشروعية تولي المرأة المأذونة الشرعية، وتوصيف هذه الوظيفة التوصيف الصحيح، وعرض الأقوال والأدلة حول هذه المسألة، إضافة إلى ذلك هدفت الدراسة إلى بيان المتبع والمعمول به في القضاء الشرعي الفلسطيني، واتبعت الدراسة المنهج الاستقرائي والمنهج الوصفي التحليلي والمنهج المقارن، وخلصت الدراسة إلى ترجيح جواز إيكال وظيفة المأذون الشرعي للنساء ضمن ضوابط محددة، وأن توصيف الوظيفة هو عمل توثيقي لا قضائي، كما خلصت إلى أن القانون المنظم لعمل المأذون الشرعي في فلسطين لم ينص على شرط الذكورة، وتم تسجيل أول حالة لتكليف امرأة في هذه الوظيفة في العام 2015م، وبلغ عدد النساء المزاولات لوظيفة مأذون شرعي في فلسطين حتى بداية 2020م 15 إمرأة تقريباً.
Coverage and Utilization of Janani Suraksha Yojana Scheme Services in Urban Poor Locality, Bengaluru
Authors: Manchegowda Ramya , Hulugappa Lakshmi , Hanumanthaiah Ashwath N Doddabele 
Published: October 2021

Background: Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) was launched on 12th April 2005, with the aim of reducing maternal and neo-natal mortality by promoting institutional delivery among the poor pregnant women. Hence this study was undertaken to describe socio-demographic profile of study subjects and to assess coverage of Janani Suraksha Yojana in the study area.
Subjects & Methods: This is a cross sectional study done in 8 urban poor locality of UHTC, KIMS, Bangalore. A total of 2540 women were surveyed, using probability proportional to population size and among them 391 were the lactating women. Data was collected using a pretested semi structured proforma from women including pregnant or lactating mothers. Information was obtained regarding problems/hurdles faced by the women in accessing JSY benefits. Data was analyzed using descriptive & inferential statistics.
Results: Around 31% of women received JSY incentives. Among those who did not receive JSY incentives, 49 % of women were not aware of the reason for not getting incentives and 39% said fund was not released from the government.
Conclusion:Coverage of JSY scheme was very low in the area. A sustained and focused IEC campaign has to be conducted among urban poor to improve the awareness.
Association Between Inflammation, Incident Heart Failure, and Heart Failure Subtypes in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Huang Sicong , Cai Tianrun , Weber Brittany N. , He Zeling , Dahal Kumar P. , Hong Chuan , Hou Jue , Seyok Thany , Cagan Andrew , DiCarli Marcelo F. , Joseph Jacob , Kim Seoyoung C. , Solomon Daniel H. , Cai Tianxi , Liao Katherine P. 
Published: October 2021

ObjectiveIn rheumatoid arthritis (RA), there are limited data on risk factors for the clinical heart failure (HF) subtypes of HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). This study examined the association between inflammation and incident HF subtypes in RA. Because inflammation changes over time with disease activity, we hypothesized that the effect of inflammation may be stronger at the 5‐year follow‐up than at the standard 10‐year follow‐up from general population studies of cardiovascular risk.MethodsWe studied an electronic health record (EHR)–based RA cohort with data pre‐ and post‐RA incidence. We applied a validated approach to identify HF and extract ejection fraction to classify HFrEF and HFpEF. Follow‐up started from the RA incidence date (index date) to the earliest occurrence of incident HF, death, last EHR encounter, or 10 years. Baseline inflammation was assessed using erythrocyte sedimentation rate or C‐reactive protein values. Covariates included demographic characteristics, established HF risk factors, and RA‐related factors. We tested the association between baseline inflammation with incident HF and its subtypes using Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsWe studied 9,087 patients with RA; 8.2% developed HF during 10 years of follow‐up. Elevated inflammation was associated with increased risk for HF at both 5‐ and 10‐year follow‐ups (hazard ratio [HR] 1.66, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.12–2.46 and HR 1.46, 95% CI 1.13–1.90, respectively), which is also seen for HFpEF at 5 years (HR 1.72, 95% CI 1.09–2.70) and 10 years (HR 1.45, 95% CI 1.07–1.94). HFrEF was not associated with inflammation for either follow‐up time.ConclusionElevated inflammation early in RA diagnosis was associated with HF; this association was driven by HFpEF and not HFrEF, suggesting a window of opportunity for prevention of HFpEF in RA.
Resolving the Molecular Origin of Mechanical Relaxations in Donor–Acceptor Polymer Semiconductors
Authors: Balar Nrup , Rech Jeromy James , Siddika Salma , Song Runqiao , Schrickx Harry M. , Sheikh Nadeem , Ye Long , Megret Bonilla Anthony , Awartani Omar , Ade Harald , You Wei , O'Connor Brendan T. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe thermomechanical behavior of polymer semiconductors plays an important role in the processing, morphology, and stability of organic electronic devices. However, donor–acceptor‐based copolymers exhibit complex thermal relaxation behavior that is not well understood. This study uses dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) to probe thermal relaxations of a systematic set of polymers based around the benzodithiophene (BDT) moiety. The loss tangent curves are resolved by fitting Gaussian functions to assign and distinguish different relaxations. Three prominent transitions are observed that correspond to: i) localized relaxations driven primarily by the side chains (γ ), ii) relaxations along the polymer backbone (β  ), and iii) relaxations associated with aggregates (α  ). The side chains are found to play a clear role in dictating Tγ, and that mixing the side chain chemistry of the monomer to include alkyl and oligo(ethylene glycol) moieties results in splitting the γ ‐relaxation. The β relaxations are shown to be associated with backbone elements along with the monomer. In addition, through processing, it is shown that the α‐relaxation is due to aggregate formation. Finally, it is demonstrated that the thermal relaxation behavior correlates well with the stress–strain behavior of the polymers, including hysteresis and permanent set in cyclically stretched films.
Monolithic Ni‐Mo‐B Bifunctional Electrode for Large Current Water Splitting
Authors: Liu Huixiang , Li Xuanyang , Chen Lulu , Zhu Xiaodong , Dong Pei , Chee Mason Oliver Lam , Ye Mingxin , Guo Yanhui , Shen Jianfeng 
Published: October 2021

AbstractScreening and developing highly efficient electrodes is key to large‐scale water electrolysis. The practical industrial electrode should fulfill several criteria of high activity, structural stability, and fast bubble evolution at a large current density. In this study, a novel monolithic 3D hollow foam electrode that can achieve the requirements of large current density water electrolysis is developed and fabricated through a simple electroless plating‐calcination strategy. This strong 3D Ni‐Mo‐B hollow foam electrode can withstand a pressure of 2.37 MPa and exhibits high electrochemical surface area, high conductivity, and low gas transfer resistance, drastically boosting its catalytic performance. It affords 50 mA cm–2 at overpotentials of only 68 mV for hydrogen evolution reaction and 293 mV for oxygen evolution reaction and can survive at a large current density of 5 A cm–2 while maintaining its structure and performance in 1.0 m KOH. The advantages of facile preparation, high mechanical strength, high gas mass transfer ability, and excellent performance enable this structure to be a potential electrode, active substrate, or 3D catalyst in many fields.
A Critical Outlook for the Pursuit of Lower Contact Resistance in Organic Transistors
Authors: Borchert James W. , Weitz R. Thomas , Ludwigs Sabine , Klauk Hagen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTo take full advantage of recent and anticipated improvements in the performance of organic semiconductors employed in organic transistors, the high contact resistance arising at the interfaces between the organic semiconductor and the source and drain contacts must be reduced significantly. To date, only a small portion of the accumulated research on organic thin‐film transistors (TFTs) has reported channel‐width‐normalized contact resistances below 100 Ωcm, well above what is regularly demonstrated in transistors based on inorganic semiconductors. A closer look at these cases and the relevant literature strongly suggests that the most significant factor leading to the lowest contact resistances in organic TFTs so far has been the control of the thin‐film morphology of the organic semiconductor. By contrast, approaches aimed at increasing the charge‐carrier density and/or reducing the intrinsic Schottky barrier height have so far played a relatively minor role in achieving the lowest contact resistances. Herein, the possible explanations for these observations are explored, including the prevalence of Fermi‐level pinning and the difficulties in forming optimized interfaces with organic semiconductors. An overview of the research on these topics is provided, and potential device‐engineering solutions are discussed based on recent advancements in the theoretical and experimental work on both organic and inorganic semiconductors.
Multifunctional Macroassembled Graphene Nanofilms with High Crystallinity
Authors: Peng Li , Han Ying , Wang Meihui , Cao Xiaoxue , Gao Junfeng , Liu Yingjun , Chen Xianjue , Wang Bin , Wang Bo , Zhu Chongyang , Wang Xiao , Cao Ke , Huang Ming , Cunning Benjamin V. , Pang Jintao , Xu Wendao , Ying Yibin , Xu Zhen , Fang Wenzhang , Lu Yang , Ruoff Rodney S. , Gao Chao 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA “cooling–contraction” method to separate large‐area (up to 4.2 cm in lateral size) graphene oxide (GO)‐assembled films (of nanoscale thickness) from substrates is reported. Heat treatment at 3000 °C of such free‐standing macroscale films yields highly crystalline “macroassembled graphene nanofilms” (nMAGs) with 16–48 nm thickness. These nMAGs present tensile strength of 5.5–11.3 GPa (with ≈3 µm gauge length), electrical conductivity of 1.8–2.1 MS m−1, thermal conductivity of 2027–2820 W m−1 K−1, and carrier relaxation time up to ≈23 ps. As a demonstration application, an nMAG‐based sound‐generator shows a 30 µs response and sound pressure level of 89 dB at 1 W cm−2. A THz metasurface fabricated from nMAG has a light response of 8.2% for 0.159 W mm−2 and can detect down to 0.01 ppm of glucose. The approach provides a straightforward way to form highly crystallized graphene nanofilms from low‐cost GO sheets.
N‐Type Surface Design for p‐Type CZTSSe Thin Film to Attain High Efficiency
Authors: Sun Yali , Qiu Pengfei , Yu Wei , Li Jianjun , Guo Hongling , Wu Li , Luo Hao , Meng Rutao , Zhang Yi , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAs a low‐cost substitute that uses no expensive rare‐earth elements for the high‐efficiency Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 solar cell, the Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) solar cell has borrowed optimization strategies used for its predecessor to improve its device performance, including a profiled band gap and surface inversion. Indeed, there have been few reports of constructing CZTSSe absorber layers with surface inversion to improve efficiency. Here, a strategy that designs the CZTSSe absorber to attain surface modification by using n‐type Ag2ZnSnS4 is demonstrated. It has been discovered that Ag plays two major roles in the kesterite thin film devices: surface inversion and front gradient distribution. It has not only an excellent carrier transport effect and reduced probability of electron‐hole recombination but also results in increased carrier separation by increasing the width of the depletion region, leading to much improved VOC and JSC. Finally, a champion CZTSSe solar cell renders efficiency as high as 12.55%, one of the highest for its type, with the open‐circuit voltage deficit reduced to as low as 0.306 V (63.2% Shockley‐Queisser limit). The band engineering for surface modification of the absorber and high efficiency achieved here shine a new light on the future of the CZTSSe solar cell.
Fe‐Ion Bolted VOPO4∙2H2O as an Aqueous Fe‐Ion Battery Electrode
Authors: Xu Yunkai , Wu Xianyong , Sandstrom Sean K. , Hong Jessica J. , Jiang Heng , Chen Xin , Ji Xiulei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIron ion batteries using Fe2+ as a charge carrier have yet to be widely explored, and they lack high‐performing Fe2+ hosting cathode materials to couple with the iron metal anode. Here, it is demonstrated that VOPO4∙2H2O can reversibly host Fe2+ with a high specific capacity of 100 mAh g−1 and stable cycling performance, where 68% of the initial capacity is retained over 800 cycles. In sharp contrast, VOPO4∙2H2O's capacity of hosting Zn2+ fades precipitously over tens of cycles. VOPO4∙2H2O stores Fe2+ with a unique mechanism, where upon contacting the electrolyte by the VOPO4∙2H2O electrode, Fe2+ ions from the electrolyte get oxidized to Fe3+ ions that are inserted and trapped in the VOPO4∙2H2O structure in an electroless redox reaction. The trapped Fe3+ ions, thus, bolt the layered structure of VOPO4∙2H2O, which prevents it from dissolution into the electrolyte during (de)insertion of Fe2+. The findings offer a new strategy to use a redox‐active ion charge carrier to stabilize the layered electrode materials.
Titanium Nitride and Yttrium Titanate Nanocomposites, Endowed with Renewable Self‐Healing Ability
Authors: Nguyen Son Thanh , Okawa Ayahisa , Iwasawa Hirokazu , Nakayama Tadachika , Hashimoto Hideki , Sekino Tohru , Suematsu Hisayuki , Niihara Koichi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe environmental barrier coating (EBC) has been studied to protect the silicon carbide blades of the next‐generation gas turbine engine of aircraft from superheated water vapor. The upper ceramic layer of EBC is brittle, therefore, cracks can occur under the impact of foreign debris and spread toward the lower layers, which leads to the destruction of this structure. Therefore, self‐healing structural ceramics is a promising solution to this problem, but they still have some critical drawbacks. First, a healing agent such as SiC is highly volatile in water vapor. Second, the uniform distribution of the healing agent in the matrix can cause internal stress, which can break the composite. Finally, in most cases, the self‐healing function can only be used once. Here, functionally graded Y2Ti2O7–Y2TiO5–TiN composites are produced by hot pressing and nitriding and then their self‐healing function is demonstrated. The oxidation of TiN to TiO2, associated with volumetric expansion, can heal surface cracks. In addition, the bending strength of the composite can be restored. The self‐healing ability is renewable at least until the second heating cycle. These optimistic results can pave the way for the development of a new class of materials with permanent self‐healing ability.