bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Combined Epithelial Mesenchymal Transformation and DNA Repair Gene Panel in Colorectal Cancer With Prognostic and Therapeutic Implication
Authors: Huang Xiaoliang , Liu Jungang , Liu Haizhou , Mo Xianwei , Meng Yongsheng , Zhang Lihua , Deng Yuqing , Zhang Yawei , Tang Weizhong 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundEpithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) and DNA repair status represent intrinsic features of colorectal cancer (CRC) and are associated with patient prognosis and treatment responsiveness. We sought to develop a combined EMT and DNA repair gene panel with potential application in patient classification and precise treatment.MethodsWe comprehensively evaluated the EMT and DNA repair patterns of 1,652 CRC patients from four datasets. Unsupervised clustering was used for classification. The clinical features, genetic mutation, tumor mutation load, and chemotherapy as well as immunotherapy sensitivity among different clusters were systematically compared. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression method was used to develop the risk model.ResultsThree distinct CRC clusters were determined. Clustet1 was characterized by down-regulated DNA repair pathways but active epithelial markers and metabolism pathway and had intermediate prognosis. Clustet2 was characterized by down-regulated both epithelial markers and DNA repair pathways and had poor outcome. Clustet3 presented with activation of DNA repair pathway and epithelial markers had favorable prognosis. Clustet1 might benefit form chemotherapy and Clustet3 had a higher response rate to immunotherapy. An EMT and DNA repair risk model related to prognosis and treatment response was developed.ConclusionsThis work developed and validated a combined EMT and DNA repair gene panel for CRC classification, which may be an effective tool for survival prediction and treatment guidance in CRC patients.
Rapid Assessment of the Potential Paucity and Price Increases for Suggested Medicines and Protection Equipment for COVID-19 Across Developing Countries With a Particular Focus on Africa and the Implications
Authors: Sefah Israel Abebrese , Ogunleye Olayinka O. , Essah Darius Obeng , Opanga Sylvia A. , Butt Nadia , Wamaitha Annie , Guantai Anastasia Nkatha , Chikowe Ibrahim , Khuluza Felix , Kibuule Dan , Nambahu Lahya , Abubakar Abdullahi Rabiu , Sani Ibrahim Haruna , Saleem Zikria , Kalungia Aubrey C. , Thi Phuong Thuy Nguyen , Haque Mainul , Islam Salequl , Kumar Santosh , Sneddon Jacqueline , Wamboga Joshua , Wale Janney , Miljković Nenad , Kurdi Amanj , Martin Antony P. , Godman Brian 
Published: January 2021

Background: Countries across Africa and Asia have introduced a variety of measures to prevent and treat COVID-19 with medicines and personal protective equipment (PPE). However, there has been considerable controversy surrounding some treatments including hydroxychloroquine where the initial hype and misinformation led to shortages, price rises and suicides. Price rises and shortages were also seen for PPE. Such activities can have catastrophic consequences especially in countries with high co-payment levels. Consequently, there is a need to investigate this further.Objective: Assess changes in utilisation, prices, and shortages of pertinent medicines and PPE among African and Asian countries since the start of pandemic.Our approach: Data gathering among community pharmacists to assess changes in patterns from the beginning of March until principally the end of May 2020. In addition, suggestions on ways to reduce misinformation.Results: One hundred and thirty one pharmacists took part building on the earlier studies across Asia. There were increases in the utilisation of principally antimalarials (hydroxychloroquine) and antibiotics (azithromycin) especially in Nigeria and Ghana. There were limited changes in Namibia and Vietnam reflecting current initiatives to reduce inappropriate prescribing and dispensing of antimicrobials. Encouragingly, there was increased use of vitamins/immune boosters and PPE across the countries where documented. In addition, generally limited change in the utilisation of herbal medicines. However, shortages have resulted in appreciable price increases in some countries although moderated in others through government initiatives. Suggestions in Namibia going forward included better planning and educating patients.Conclusion: Encouraging to see increases in the utilisation of vitamins/immune boosters and PPE. However, concerns with increased utilisation of antimicrobials needs addressing alongside misinformation, unintended consequences from the pandemic and any appreciable price rises. Community pharmacists and patient organisations can play key roles in providing evidence-based advice, helping moderate prices through improved stock management, and helping address unintended consequences of the pandemic.
Even High-Quality CPGs Seldom Include Implementation Strategies
Authors: Vasconcelos Luciana Pereira de , Melo Daniela Oliveira De , Stein Airton Tetelbom , Carvalho Heráclito Barbosa de 
Published: January 2021

Background: Implementation is a key step in ensuring that high-quality clinical practice guideline (CPG) recommendations are followed and have a positive impact. This step must be planned during CPG development. This study aims to inform professionals tasked with developing and implementing CPGs regarding implementation strategies and tools reported in high-quality CPGs for chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs).Methods: NCD guidelines were selected based on Appraisal of Guideline Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II assessment. CPGs with a score of ≥60% in AGREE II domains 3 (rigor of development), 5 (applicability), and 6 (editorial independence), were considered high quality. The content related to implementation was extracted from CPG full texts and complementary materials. Implementation strategies and tools were assessed and classified using Mazza taxonomy.Results: Twenty high-quality CPGs were selected, most of which were developed by government institutions (16; 80%) with public funding (16; 80%); almost half (9; 45%) addressed the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The countries with the most high-quality CPGs were the UK (6; 30%) and Colombia (5; 25%). These countries also had the highest average number of strategies, Colombia with 28 (SD = 1) distributed in all levels, and the UK with 15 (SD = 7), concentrating on professional and organizational levels. Although the content of the Colombian CPGs was similar regardless the disease, the CPGs from the UK were specific and contained data-based feedback reports and information on CPG compliance. Implementation strategies most frequently identified were at the professional level, such as distributing reference material (18; 80%) and educating groups of healthcare professionals (18; 80%). At the organizational level, the most frequent strategies involve changes in structure (15; 75%) and service delivery method (13; 65%).Conclusion: Countries with established CPG programs, such as the UK and Colombia, where identified as having the highest number of high-quality CPGs, although CPG implementation content had significant differences. Among high-quality CPGs, the most common implementation strategies were at the professional and organizational levels. There is still room for improvement regarding the implementation strategies report, even among high-quality CPGs, especially concerning monitoring of implementation outcomes and selection of strategies based on relevant implementation barriers.
Chronological Impact of Earthquakes on Blood Pressure: A Literature Review and Retrospective Study of Hypertension in Haiti Before and After the 2010 Earthquake
Authors: Fath Ayman R. , Aglan Amro , Platt Jeri , Yaron Jordan R. , Varkoly Kyle S. , Beladi Roxana N. , Gorgas Diane , Jean Jean Tom , Dasni Pierre , Eldaly Abdullah S. , Juby Michael , Lucas Alexandra R. 
Published: January 2021

Objective: We review prior studies on the incidence of hypertension (HTN) after earthquakes and present a retrospective analysis of HTN after the 2010 earthquake in Haiti.Methods: Prior reports on HTN incidence were reviewed and a retrospective chart review for diagnosis of HTN in 4,308 patient charts was performed over a 7 year period (five clinics). A retrospective cohort study (RCS) was then performed on 11 patients with linear follow-up.Results: The Literature review revealed a significant increase in acute and subacute HTN following earthquakes. However, the chronic effects of earthquakes varied. Our chart review uncovered no significant difference in diagnosed HTN in a Fort-Liberté clinic 128 kilometers (km) distant and 4 weeks post-event. A secondary linear RCS for 11 individuals, prior to and after the earthquake, also did not detect a significant change in HTN prevalence.Conclusion: Prior studies demonstrate acute and subacute, increases in HTN after earthquakes, but late changes have varied. Retrospective studies in the Fort-Liberté clinic, 128 km distant and 4 weeks post-event, revealed no significant change in HTN, confirming prior findings that changes in HTN after earthquakes are early and local events. Further work examining HTN after earthquakes is needed to improve early health care after natural disasters.
Survey of Optimal Control and Model Predictive Control with State Estimation and a Real Time Application
Authors: Dávid László , György Katalin , Galaczi László-Alpár 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The optimal control and its limited version namely the model predictive control represent one of the most important nonlinear control alternatives nowadays. The success of them are also proven in many practical applications. These can provide for several industrial applications the optimal trajectory calculation as well as calculation of the real-time control signal. One successful version of this is Generalized Predictive Control (GPC). A big advantage of these control algorithms is that they solutions are able to take into account the limitations of the inputs, and the states. In some cases, it is important to know the mathematical model chosen and the complete state information. Otherwise, the model can be estimated during the operation. Our study shows through the control of the cathode heating of a high-power electron beam device the self-tuning adaptive control thus constructed. Using a suitable dynamic model and an extended Kalman estimator, we determine the estimated temperature of the two cathodes during operation and the saturation electron current, which ensures the maximum cathode life. The practical application was tested on a CTW 5/60 type electron gun.
Stainless Steel Plate One Side Welding
Authors: Felvári Bálint , Dunavölgyi Dávid , Kuti János 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The authors in this research investigated a cost-effective welding setup for stainless steel following the industrial trends. Ajustments, movements and tests can be avoided during plate welding by welding the piece from one side. During the research, the applied layout is investigated, any deformities that may be caused, and whether it can maintain the inter-row temperature.
Mechanical Resources Available At Middle Tisza District Water Directorate for External Flood Protection and Outsourcing
Authors: Horváth Lajos 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
After 1998, the flood waves of the Tisza, Zagyva and Hármas-Körös rivers reached record levels in the area of operation of MTDWD requiring significant mechanical resources from the Water Directorate and participating external organizations in order to perform the protection tasks. In this article, the author describes the volume of mechanical resources used in the management of the MTDWD and the volume of those provided by external organizations during the flood control of the Tisza River in 2000, 2006 and 2010. It proves that in the event of flood defenses exceeding the order level, the Directorate’s own machinery resources are not sufficient, and that therefore, external machinery capacities are indispensable to meet future requirements.
Dimensionality Reduction Methods Used in Machine Learning
Authors: Muhi Kristóf , Johanyák Zsolt Csaba 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In most cases, a dataset obtained through observation, measurement, etc. cannot be directly used for the training of a machine learning based system due to the unavoidable existence of missing data, inconsistencies and high dimensional feature space. Additionally, the individual features can contain quite different data types and ranges. For this reason, a data preprocessing step is nearly always necessary before the data can be used. This paper gives a short review of the typical methods applicable in the preprocessing and dimensionality reduction of raw data.
Influence of the Degree of Compaction on the Bearing Capacity of a Road Structure Reinforced with Triaxial Geogrids
Authors: Nagy Andor-Csongor , Hajdó Harmat , Kis Ádám , Moldovan Dorin-Vasile 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The degree of compaction for a crushed stone roadbed is one of the most important technical characteristics of road construction works. Insufficient compaction can have significant effects on the resulting bearing capacity, even in road structures reinforced with geosynthetic materials. The present study concernes the utility of using geosynthetic reinforcement in the base layer of a road structure, while varying the degree of compaction on 1:1 scale models.
Determination of Free Diethanolamine Content
Authors: Nagy Roland , Hartyányi Máté , Nagy Bianka , Varga Csilla 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Quantification of alkanolamines is imperative for health and chemical safety risk reasons. A fast method that requires less equipment has been developed for the determination of free diethanolamine in different types of additives. Repeatability tests were carried out. The free diethanolamine content of commercially available additives has been determined. We have recommended industrial applicability.
All inorganic lead free solar cell material Cs2PdI6: a first-principles study
Authors: Xu Peng , Han Yi , Liu Fuxiang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Through first-principles calculations, the photovoltaic properties of Cs2PdI6 were investigated and found that (i) Cs2PdI6 has a quasi-direct band gap nature, and strong p–d coupling of lower conduction bands is responsible for light electrons; (ii) dominant Pdi and Ii defects would be produced at a deep level in the band gap which acts as charge trapping states. Thus, should be passivated by suitable external doping, if Cs2PdI6 works as a solar cell absorber; (iii) The Cs2Pd(I1-x
Br
x
)6 alloy is highly miscible. Tunable band gap depending on composition x has a non-linear bowing behavior occurring a lowest band gap at composition Cs2Pd(I0.7Br0.3)6.
DYNAMIC PROBLEM ON ASSIGNING A SINGLE TASK WITH TIME LIMITS
Authors: Олейникова С.А. , Менкова Е.С. 
Published: January 2021

Целью данной работы является разработка математического и программного обеспечения для решения задачи о назначении единичного задания с учетом ограничения на время, в течение которого оно должно быть выполнено. Другой важной особенностью является возможность корректировки уже назначенных, но еще не выполненных задач, поступивших в систему ранее. Необходимость в такой коррекции возникает в случае, если назначение специалиста и времени для данного задания в рамках существующего расписания невозможно. Выбор соответствия между специалистами и заданиями осуществляется с целью достижения максимальной эффективности, получаемой от выполнения задания. В результате получена модель, содержащая комплекс ограничений, учитывающих все особенности задачи, и целевую функцию, максимизирующую эффективность выполнения данной работы, а также всех запланированных, но еще не начатых работ. Кроме того, предложен подход к решению задачи, основанный на взаимодействии интеллектуальных агентов, каждый из которых отвечает за свое задание и осуществляет закрепление за ним специалиста и времени. Новизна подхода основывается на возможности отмены расписания, запланированного ранее, которое может быть вызвано жесткими временными ограничениями и, как следствие, невозможностью решения задачи при имеющихся данных
The purpose of this work is the development of mathematics and software for solving the problem of assigning a single task, taking into account the time constraints during which it has to be completed. Another important feature is the ability to correct already assigned but not yet completed tasks that have entered the system earlier. The need for such correction appears if the appointment of a specialist and time for a given task within the existing schedule is impossible. The choice of correspondence between specialists and tasks is carried out in order to achieve maximum efficiency obtained from the task. As a result, a model that contains a set of constraints that take into account all the features of the task, and an objective function that maximizes the efficiency of this job, as well as all planned but not yet started work was obtained. In addition, an approach to solving the problem is proposed, based on the interaction of intelligent agents, each of which is responsible for his task and assigns a specialist and time to him. The novelty of the approach is based on the possibility of canceling the previously planned schedule, which may be caused by strict time constraints, and, as a consequence, the impossibility of solving the problem with the available data
DETECTION OF TRAFFIC SIGNALS USING COLOR SEGMENTATION AND A RADIAL SYMMETRY DETECTOR
Authors: Шакирзянов Р.М. 
Published: January 2021

В настоящее время широкое распространение получают беспилотные системы управления различными транспортными средствами, в том числе автомобилями. Управление беспилотным автомобилем предполагает решение задач, связанных с распознаванием объектов дорожной обстановки: пешеходов, автомобилей, препятствий (в виде ям, кочек, столбов, деревьев, зданий и т.д.), дорожных знаков, разметки, светофоров. Предложен алгоритм решения задачи обнаружения и распознавания сигналов светофоров круглой формы. Для решения этой задачи задействованы: быстрое преобразование радиальной симметрии, цветовая сегментация, морфологические операции. Особенностью алгоритма является то, что области расположения световых сигналов предварительно определяются по цветовому признаку с последующим уточнением формы и положения объектов на изображении. На основе предложенного метода было разработано программное обеспечение для обнаружения сигналов светофоров на фотоснимках. Программное обеспечение было протестировано на общедоступной базе изображений, содержащей светофоры. Предлагаемый алгоритм показал работоспособность, он может быть расширен в части типов распознаваемых сигналов и применён в составе систем управления беспилотными транспортными средствами, а также в составе систем помощи водителю для решения задач по предупреждению опасных и аварийных ситуаций на транспорте
Currently, unmanned systems for controlling various vehicles, including cars, are becoming widespread. Driving an unmanned vehicle involves solving problems related to the recognition of traffic objects: pedestrians, cars, obstacles (in the form of holes, bumps, poles, trees, buildings, etc.), road signs, markings, traffic lights. An algorithm for solving the problem of detecting and recognizing circular traffic signals is proposed. To solve this problem, the following are involved: rapid transformation of radial symmetry, color segmentation, morphological operations. A feature of the algorithm is that the areas of the location of the light signals are preliminarily determined by color, followed by the refinement of the shape and position of objects in the image. Based on the proposed method, software was developed for detecting traffic signals in photographs. The software was tested on a publicly available database of images containing traffic lights. The proposed algorithm has shown its efficiency, it can be expanded in terms of the types of signals recognized and used as part of control systems for unmanned vehicles, as well as part of driver assistance systems for solving problems to prevent dangerous and emergency situations
ANTENNA SYSTEM BASED ON A FLAT LUNEBERG LENS WITH THROUGH ROUND HOLES AND AN AXISYMMETRIC TEM-HORN
Authors: Ашихмин А.В. , Пастернак Ю.Г. , Пендюрин В.А. , Сафонов Ф.С. 
Published: January 2021

Характерной чертой последних пятидесяти лет было особое стремление к постоянно растущей скорости передачи в сетях беспроводной связи. С появлением Интернета, а именно технологии (IoT), значительные усилия в сфере исследований вкладываются в беспроводные сети, требующие высокой скорости передачи и большой пропускной способности. Рассмотрена линза Люнеберга, спроектированная на заземляющей системе при помощи технологии изготовления круглых отверстий, сверху расположена диэлектрическая пластина с системой круглых отверстий, формирующая необходимый закон изменения эффективного коэффициента преломления от радиуса (материал - Rogers 5880, толщина - 0.508 мм, ). Особенностью данной конструкции являются сквозные круглые отверстия в плоской линзе Люнеберга. Минимальный диаметр отверстия - 0.4 мм; максимальный - 2.6 мм. Минимальная ширина перегородки между отверстиями - около 0.3 мм. Всего - 1295 отверстий (диаметры - 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 2.0, 2.2, 2.4, 2.6 мм). Показано несколько вариантов реализации данной линзы. Рассмотрено несколько вариантов того, какими должны быть отверстия в теле линзы для предпочтительного режима работы, сделаны выводы о каждом. При помощи математического, численного анализа исследована разница в случаях наличия или отсутствия «крышек» у «чашек», образующих ТЕМ-рупор в виде фигуры вращения
A characteristic feature of the last fifty years has been the desire for ever-increasing transmission speeds in ubiquitous wireless communications. With the advent of the Internet, namely technology (IoT), significant research efforts are being invested in wireless networks that require high transmission speeds and increased bandwidth. In this paper, we consider a Luneberg lens designed on a grounding system using the technology of manufacturing round holes, with a dielectric plate with a system of round holes on top, forming the necessary law of change in the effective refractive index from the radius (material-Rogers 5880, thickness-0.508 mm). A special feature of this design is the through round holes in the flat Luneberg lens. The minimum hole diameter is 0.4 mm; the maximum one is 2.6 mm. The minimum width of the partition between the holes is about 0.3 mm. There are totally 1295 holes (diameters - 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 2.0, 2.2, 2.4, 2.6 mm). Several options for implementing this lens are shown. Several variants of what the holes in the lens body should be for the preferred mode of operation are also considered, and conclusions are drawn about each. Using mathematical and numerical analysis, the difference in the cases of the presence or absence of "lids" in the "cups" that form a TEM - horn in the form of a rotation figure is investigated