bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sexual and psychological health of couples with azoospermia in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Dong Meng , Tao Yanqiang , Wu Shanshan , Li Zhengtao , Wang Xiaobin , Tan Jichun 
Published: October 2021

Background
To date, there have been no reports on the sexual and psychological health of patients with azoospermia during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Previous studies on the sexual health of couples with azoospermia are limited and are especially lacking in data on the wives of azoospermic men.

Methods
We conducted a case–control cross-sectional study between 1 July 2020 and 20 December 2020. In total, 100 couples with azoospermia comprised the experimental group and 100 couples with normozoospermia comprised the control group. The couples’ sexual health was measured using standardised sexual function questionnaires (male: International Index of Erectile Function-15 [IIEF-15] and Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool [PEDT]; female: Female Sexual Function Index [FSFI]) and a self-designed questionnaire to evaluate changes in sexual behaviours (sexual satisfaction, desire, frequency of sexual activity, masturbation, and pornography use) during lockdown. The couples’ psychological health was measured using the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale and 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). The Actor–Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) was used to analyse the associations between sexual health and psychological health.

Results
The IIEF-15 scores (53.07 ± 11.11 vs. 57.52 ± 8.57, t = − 3.17, p = 0.00) were lower and the PEDT scores (6.58 ± 3.13 vs. 5.17 ± 2.22, t = 3.67, p = 0.00) and incidence of premature ejaculation (χ2 = 14.73, p = 0.00) were higher for men with azoospermia than for men with normozoospermia. Compared with those of wives of men with normozoospermia, the total FSFI scores (25.12 ± 5.56 vs. 26.75 ± 4.82, t = − 2.22, p = 0.03) of wives of men with azoospermia were lower. The chi-square test showed that the perceived changes in sexual satisfaction (χ2 = 7.22, p = 0.03), frequency of masturbation (χ2 = 21.96, p = 0.00), and pornography use (χ2 = 10.90, p = 0.01) were significantly different between the female groups with azoospermia and normozoospermia, but there were no significant changes in sexual behaviour between the male groups. The GAD-7 (men: 7.18 ± 5.56 vs. 5.68 ± 4.58, p = 0.04; women: 6.65 ± 5.06 vs. 5.10 ± 3.29, p = 0.01) and PHQ-9 scores (men: 10.21 ± 6.37 vs. 7.49 ± 6.10, p = 0.00; women: 8.81 ± 6.50 vs. 6.98 ± 4.43, p = 0.02) were significantly higher for couples with azoospermia than for couples with normozoospermia. The APIM showed that for couples with azoospermia, sexual function negatively correlated with their own anxiety (men: β = −0.22, p = 0.00; women: β = −0.38, p = 0.00) and depression symptoms (men: β = −0.21, p = 0.00; women: β = −0.57, p = 0.00) but not with their partner’s anxiety and depression symptoms (p > 0.05).

Conclusions
Couples with azoospermia had a lower quality of sexual function and higher levels of psychological distress than couples with normozoospermia. Their sexual health negatively correlated with psychological distress.
Development of a gene doping detection method to detect overexpressed human follistatin using an adenovirus vector in mice
Authors: Yanazawa Koki , Sugasawa Takehito , Aoki Kai , Nakano Takuro , Kawakami Yasushi , Takekoshi Kazuhiro 
Published: October 2021

Background
Gene doping is the misuse of genome editing and gene therapy technologies for the purpose of manipulating specific genes or gene functions in order to improve athletic performance. However, a non-invasive detection method for gene doping using recombinant adenoviral (rAdV) vectors containing human follistatin (hFST) genes (rAdV<hFST>) has not yet been developed. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a method to detect gene doping using rAdV<hFST>.

Methods
First, we generated rAdV<hFST> and evaluated the overexpression of the hFST gene, FST protein, and muscle protein synthesis signaling using cell lines. Next, rAdV<hFST> was injected intravenously or intramuscularly into mice, and whole blood was collected, and hFST and cytomegalovirus promoter (CMVp) gene fragments were detected using TaqMan-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Finally, to confirm the specificity of the primers and the TaqMan probes, samples from each experiment were pooled, amplified using TaqMan-qPCR, and sequenced using the Sanger sequencing.

Results
The expression of hFST and FST proteins and muscle protein synthesis signaling significantly increased in C2C12 cells. In long-term, transgene fragments could be detected until 4 days after intravenous injection and 3 days after intramuscular injection. Finally, the Sanger sequencing confirmed that the primers and TaqMan probe specifically amplified the gene sequence of interest.

Conclusions
These results indicate the possibility of detecting gene doping using rAdV<hFST> using TaqMan-qPCR in blood samples. This study may contribute to the development of detection methods for gene doping using rAdV<hFST>.
Psicologia do Desenvolvimento: há questões novas?
Authors: Almeida Carvalho Ana Maria 
Published: October 2021

O objetivo deste texto é contribuir para o questionamento de certas concepções sobre a infância e o sentido do estudo do desenvolvimento. Recorrendo ao trabalho de Evelyn Thoman que, já na década de 80, examinou e questionou alguns pressupostos, em suas palavras, “mitos”, que orientam a Psicologia do Desenvolvimento – os mitos do neonato deficiente, das competências aditivas, da neutralidade emocional e do futurismo – refletimos sobre sua evolução e recorrência na atualidade e apontamos alguns caminhos que temos seguido em nosso trabalho e que consideramos promissores para a crítica desses pressupostos e para a redefinição de conceitos como interação social, sociabilidade, seletividade, vínculo e cultura de pares.
Palavras-chave: Psicologia do desenvolvimento; infância; interação social; sociabilidade; cultura e brincadeira
Heterodinuclear Transition‐Metal Complexes: Fundamentals, Synthesis, and Applications
Authors: Koessler Konstantin , Butschke Burkhard 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHeterodinuclear transition‐metal complexes, that is coordination compounds comprising two different transition‐metal atoms, witness growing interest. This development is driven by the incentive to find complexes, which outperform their mononuclear competitors in reactivity and selectivity. It is particularly the close proximity of the two transition‐metal atoms, which promises to promote these favorable interactions denoted as “cooperative”. Therefore, mainly dinuclear complexes with direct metal–metal bonds are discussed in this article. Since the very first report of a heterodinuclear transition‐metal complex in 1960, a repertoire of methodologies for the targeted synthesis has been established. Besides the description of this progress, the focus of the present article is on the discussion of appropriate characterization methods. Typical questions concern the nature of the metal–metal bond as well as the elucidation of mechanistic details of reactions involving the polar metal–metal bonds present in heterodinuclear complexes. Several applications are detailed, in which heterodinuclear complexes either surpass the limitations of mononuclear complexes or even exhibit so far unknown reactivity. So‐called “early–late” complexes represent the most dominant branch in this context, while also “late–late” complexes show fruitful reactivity. Herein, the focus is on transition‐metal‐containing complexes, thus ignoring main‐group elements completely.
Monocrystalline Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Materials for Photovoltaics
Authors: Capitaine Anna , Sciacca Beniamino 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLead halide perovskite solar cells have been gaining more and more interest. In only a decade, huge research efforts from interdisciplinary communities enabled enormous scientific advances that rapidly led to energy conversion efficiency near that of record silicon solar cells, at an unprecedented pace. However, while for most materials the best solar cells were achieved with single crystals (SC), for perovskite the best cells have been so far achieved with polycrystalline (PC) thin films, despite the optoelectronic properties of perovskite SC are undoubtedly superior. Here, by taking as example monocrystalline methylammonium lead halide, the authors elaborate the literature from material synthesis and characterization to device fabrication and testing, to provide with plausible explanations for the relatively low efficiency, despite the superior optoelectronics performance. In particular, the authors focus on how solar cell performance is affected by anisotropy, crystal orientation, surface termination, interfaces, and device architecture. It is argued that, to unleash the full potential of monocrystalline perovskite, a holistic approach is needed in the design of next‐generation device architecture. This would unquestionably lead to power conversion efficiency higher than those of PC perovskites and silicon solar cells, with tremendous impact on the swift deployment of renewable energy on a large scale.
Corrosion Resistance of Sulfur–Selenium Alloy Coatings
Authors: Susarla Sandhya , Chilkoor Govinda , Kalimuthu Jawahar R. , Saadi M. A. S. R. , Cui Yufei , Arif Taib , Tsafack Thierry , Puthirath Anand B. , Sigdel Pawan , Jasthi Bharat , Sudeep Parambath M. , Hu Leiqing , Hassan Aly , Castro‐Pardo Samuel , Barnes Morgan , Roy Soumyabrata , Verduzco Rafael , Kibria Md Golam , Filleter Tobin , Lin Haiqing , Solares Santiago D. , Koratkar Nikhil , Gadhamshetty Venkataramana , Rahman Muhammad M. , Ajayan Pulickel M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDespite decades of research, metallic corrosion remains a long‐standing challenge in many engineering applications. Specifically, designing a material that can resist corrosion both in abiotic as well as biotic environments remains elusive. Here a lightweight sulfur–selenium (S–Se) alloy is designed with high stiffness and ductility that can serve as an excellent corrosion‐resistant coating with protection efficiency of ≈99.9% for steel in a wide range of diverse environments. S–Se coated mild steel shows a corrosion rate that is 6–7 orders of magnitude lower than bare metal in abiotic (simulated seawater and sodium sulfate solution) and biotic (sulfate‐reducing bacterial medium) environments. The coating is strongly adhesive, mechanically robust, and demonstrates excellent damage/deformation recovery properties, which provide the added advantage of significantly reducing the probability of a defect being generated and sustained in the coating, thus improving its longevity. The high corrosion resistance of the alloy is attributed in diverse environments to its semicrystalline, nonporous, antimicrobial, and viscoelastic nature with superior mechanical performance, enabling it to successfully block a variety of diffusing species.
Inverse Domain‐Size Dependence of Piezoelectricity in Ferroelectric Crystals
Authors: Wang Bo , Li Fei , Chen Long‐Qing 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPiezoelectricity of ferroelectric crystals is widely utilized in electromechanical devices such as sensors and actuators. It is broadly believed that the smaller the ferroelectric domain size, the higher the piezoelectricity, arising from the commonly assumed larger contributions from the domain walls. Herein, the domain‐size dependence of piezoelectric coefficients of prototypical ferroelectric crystals is theoretically studied based on thermodynamic analysis and phase‐field simulations. It is revealed that the inverse domain‐size effect, i.e., the larger the domain size, the higher the piezoelectricity, is entirely possible and can be just as common. The nature of the domain‐size dependence of piezoelectricity is shown to be determined by the propensity of polarization rotation inside the domains instead of the domain wall contributions. A simple, unified, analytical model for predicting the domain‐size dependence of piezoelectricity is established, which is valid regardless of the crystalline symmetry, the materials chemistry, and the domain structures of a ferroelectric crystal, and thus can serve as a guiding tool for optimizing piezoelectricity of ferroelectric materials beyond the “nanodomain” engineering. In addition, the theoretical approach can be extended to understand the microstructural size effect of multifunctional properties in ferroic and multiferroic materials.
Influence of Molecular Weight on the Organic Electrochemical Transistor Performance of Ladder‐Type Conjugated Polymers
Authors: Wu Han‐Yan , Yang Chi‐Yuan , Li Qifan , Kolhe Nagesh B. , Strakosas Xenofon , Stoeckel Marc‐Antoine , Wu Ziang , Jin Wenlong , Savvakis Marios , Kroon Renee , Tu Deyu , Woo Han Young , Berggren Magnus , Jenekhe Samson A. , Fabiano Simone 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOrganic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) hold promise for developing a variety of high‐performance (bio‐)electronic devices/circuits. While OECTs based on p‐type semiconductors have achieved tremendous progress in recent years, n‐type OECTs still suffer from low performance, hampering the development of power‐efficient electronics. Here, it is demonstrated that fine‐tuning the molecular weight of the rigid, ladder‐type n‐type polymer poly(benzimidazobenzophenanthroline) (BBL) by only one order of magnitude (from 4.9 to 51 kDa) enables the development of n‐type OECTs with record‐high geometry‐normalized transconductance (gm,norm ≈ 11 S cm−1) and electron mobility × volumetric capacitance (µC* ≈ 26 F cm−1 V−1 s−1), fast temporal response (0.38 ms), and low threshold voltage (0.15 V). This enhancement in OECT performance is ascribed to a more efficient intermolecular charge transport in high‐molecular‐weight BBL than in the low‐molecular‐weight counterpart. OECT‐based complementary inverters are also demonstrated with record‐high voltage gains of up to 100 V V−1 and ultralow power consumption down to 0.32 nW, depending on the supply voltage. These devices are among the best sub‐1 V complementary inverters reported to date. These findings demonstrate the importance of molecular weight in optimizing the OECT performance of rigid organic mixed ionic–electronic conductors and open for a new generation of power‐efficient organic (bio‐)electronic devices.
Tin‐Based Anode Materials for Stable Sodium Storage: Progress and Perspective
Authors: Wu Xin , Lan Xuexia , Hu Renzong , Yao Yu , Yu Yan , Zhu Min 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBecause of concerns regarding shortages of lithium resources and the urgent need to develop low‐cost and high‐efficiency energy‐storage systems, research and applications of sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) have re‐emerged in recent years. Herein, recent advances in high‐capacity Sn‐based anode materials for stable SIBs are highlighted, including tin (Sn) alloys, Sn oxides, Sn sulfides, Sn selenides, Sn phosphides, and their composites. The reaction mechanisms between Sn‐based materials and sodium are clarified. Multiphase and multiscale structural optimizations of Sn‐based materials to achieve good sodium‐storage performance are emphasized. Full‐cell designs using Sn‐based materials as anodes and further development of Sn‐based materials are discussed from a commercialization perspective. Insights into the preparation of future high‐performance Sn‐based anode materials and the construction of sodium‐ion full batteries with a high energy density and long service life are provided.
Design and Integration of a Gas Sensor Module that Indicates the End of Service Life of a Gas Mask Canister
Authors: Moon Seung Min , Lee Seongwoo , Min Hyegi , Park Sanghwan , Yoon Sook , Choi Jae Hong , Yoon Soon Min , Jung Byeongyun , Im Taehyun , Jeong Chan‐seok , Kim Beomjin , Lee Chang Young 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn a filtration system, a chemical cartridge packed with porous adsorbents needs to be replaced when its maximum adsorption capacity is exceeded. An end of service life indicator (ESLI) informs when to replace the cartridge. However, ESLI technology for filtration of toxic gases is overlooked despite high toxicity of the gases even at low concentrations. In this study, a real‐time ESLI is demonstrated for filtration of chemical warfare agents by inserting four chemiresistors made of carbon nanotubes into the adsorbent layer of a canister for gas masks. The sensors are installed on a flexible printed circuit board with a 3D structure to minimize the channeling effect in the canister. As the breakthrough of dimethyl methylphosphonate, a nerve agent simulant, progresses in the canister, the resistance of the sensors increases sequentially with time. The inflection points in the responses from sensors designated #1–#4 indicate that the percentage of remaining service life is 75%, 50%, 25%, and 0%, respectively. The ESLI potentially applies to a wide range of toxic gases and cartridge designs, regardless of the sensitivity and selectivity of the sensors, as supported by the breakthrough of ammonia as well as the results from a smaller canister.
Cellulose Nanocrystal Based Bio‐Memristor as a Green Artificial Synaptic Device for Neuromorphic Computing Applications
Authors: Hussain Tassawar , Abbas Haider , Youn Chulmin , Lee Hojin , Boynazarov Turgun , Ku Boncheol , Jeon Yu‐Rim , Han Hoonhee , Lee Jong Hyeon , Choi Changhwan , Choi Taekjib 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNanocomposites based on biomaterials are promising candidates for emerging green‐ electronics benefiting from environment‐friendly, renewable, biocompatible, and biodegradable resources for sustainable research and development. Especially, the application of biocomposites‐based memristor for simulating artificial synapses called bio‐memristor has further facilitated the progress of ecologically benign bioelectronics. In this study, the authors present that the environment‐friendly nanocomposites films, consisting of Ag nanoparticles and cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)‐based bio‐memristor with excellent bipolar resistive switching behavior can perform the artificial bio‐synaptic emulation with continuous resistance modulation for memory storage and neuromorphic computing applications. The bio‐memristor exhibits a large resistive switching (ION/OFF as high as ≈104 and ultralow SET/RESET voltage of ≈0.2 V) and reliable switching characteristics through the electrochemical formation/rupture of Ag metallic filaments within the nanocomposite layer. The device presents coexistence of digital and analog switching properties favorable for both nonvolatile digital memory and neuromorphic computing applications. By applying appropriate pulse stimulations to the device, the authors demonstrate biological synaptic functions, including long‐term potentiation/depression, spike‐rate‐dependent plasticity, excitatory post‐synaptic current, paired‐pulse facilitation, and paired‐pulse depression. Thus, this CNC‐based bio‐memristor as an effective artificial synaptic device is beneficial towards the realization of green‐electronics and bio‐inspired neuromorphic systems.
Graphene Superconductivity at Room‐Temperature of a Wide Range and Standard Atmosphere, Based on Vacuum Channels and White‐Light Interferometry
Authors: ChunKan Tao , Rui Tao , Tianyou Kang , MengYao Hu , YuJing Wu , MingJie Yang , XiaoChun Yang , YePing Wang , YunSheng Qian , YiJun Zhang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe thickness of a monolayer graphene is extremely thin, ≈0.34 nm, so exact measurement of the optical path length and optical path length difference of graphene is challenging. This paper uses white‐light interferometry and a horizontal grating to obtain the optical characteristic curve of graphene. Then, the real existence of vacuum channels (VCs) in monolayer graphene is discovered. These VCs naturally eliminate the collision phenomena, and provide zero electrical resistance and superconductivity (SC) states. Multiple SC states (SCSs), SC persistence, magnetic field response, VCs transmitting a SC current with high efficiency, screen characteristics of VCs, etc. are discussed. Experiments show that only when a graphene ribbon is located at the exact position of the VC, does it transmit the SC current and provide a SCS. The duration of the persistence tests is 2 months. All experiments are conducted in a completely open space of a laboratory. Graphene SC at room‐temperatures of a wide range and standard atmosphere is achieved. This paper uses the optical technology to realize graphene SC, points out the basic reason of realizing it, and provides the experimental evidences.
High Hole Mobility Inorganic Halide Perovskite Field‐Effect Transistors with Enhanced Phase Stability and Interfacial Defect Tolerance
Authors: Lee Yoon Jung , Han Ji Su , Lee Da Eun , Lee Tae Hyung , Kim Jae Young , Suh Jun Min , Lee Jung Hun , Im In Hyuk , Kim Seung Ju , Kwak Kyung Ju , Jang Ho Won 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSo far, it has been difficult to fabricate thin‐film field‐effect transistors (TFTs) based on inorganic halide perovskites (IHPs) due to their phase‐instability and uncontrollable trap density. Here, the bottom‐gate bottom‐contact structured p‐type TFTs are presented using the optimized IHP in the active layer. The stable cubic‐CsPbI3 phase is successfully synthesized by doping bismuth iodide and reduced defect densities by adding potassium bromide. The IHP TFTs based on the tailored cubic‐CsPbI3 show high hole mobility of ≈10 cm2 V−1 s−1, an on‐off current ratio of 103, and a low subthreshold swing voltage of 0.43 V dec−1. In addition, the operational stability of the fabricated device is demonstrated through the bias stress test. This study suggests that one of the key factors for fabricating an ideal p‐type IHP transistor is managing charge transport properties in the IHP layer through defect engineering.
π–π Interactions Mediated Pyrene Based Ligand Enhanced Photoresponse in Hybrid Graphene/PbS Quantum Dots Photodetectors
Authors: Ahn Seungbae , Ingrosso Chiara , Panniello Annamaria , Striccoli Marinella , Bianco Giuseppe Valerio , Agostiano Angela , Bruno Giovanni , Curri Maria Lucia , Vazquez‐Mena Oscar 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHybrid graphene and quantum dots (QDs) photodetectors merge the excellent conductivity and ambipolar electric field sensitivity of graphene, with the unique properties of QDs. The photoresponsivity of these devices depends strongly on the charge transfer at the graphene/QDs interface. Here 1‐pyrene butyric acid (PBA)‐coated PbS QDs with single layer graphene (SLG) are used to investigate the effect of pyrene as a π–π mediator to enhance charge transfer at the SLG/QDs junction under illumination. The surface chemistry at the QD–QD and SLG/QD interface is studied with the conventional tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAI) QD linker. The hybrid SLG/QD photodetectors with PBA as a SLG‐QD linker demonstrate a photoresponse up to 30% higher than that recorded for devices where only TBAI is used, due to the strong electron coupling between SLG and QDs. Transconductance measurements show that PBA provokes electron depletion in SLG ascribed to the tendency to delocalize the QDs holes, favoring their transfer to SLG. This surface ligand is found to improve the interaction between the QDs light absorbers and the SLG charge collector, leading to an increased photodetection response. This demonstrates that ligand engineering can enhance charge dynamics and boost the performance of the hybrid device.