bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient-generated data in the management of HIV: a scoping review
Authors: Hewitt Clara , Lloyd Karen C , Tariq Shema , Durrant Abigail , Claisse Caroline , Kasadha Bakita , Gibbs Jo 
Published: May 2021

ObjectivesPatient-generated data (PGData) are an emergent research area and may improve HIV care. The objectives of this scoping review were to synthesise, evaluate and make recommendations based on the available literature regarding PGData use in HIV care.DesignScoping review.Data sourcesEmbase, Medline, CINAHL Plus, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO and Emcare databases.Eligibility criteriaStudies involving PGData use within HIV care for people living with HIV and/or healthcare professionals (HCPs) published before February 2021.Data extraction and synthesisData were extracted using a table and the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool was used to assess empirical rigour. We used thematic analysis to evaluate content.Results11 articles met the eligibility criteria. Studies were observational, predominantly concerned hypothetical or novel digital platforms, mainly conducted in high-income settings, and had small sample sizes (range=10–160). There were multiple definitions of PGData. In the majority of studies (n=9), participants were people living with HIV, with a few studies including HCPs, informatics specialists or mixed participant groups. Participants living with HIV were aged 23–78 years, mostly men, of diverse ethnicities, and had low educational, health literacy and income levels.We identified four key themes: (1) Perceptions of PGData and associated digital platforms; (2) Opportunities; (3) Anticipated barriers and (4) Potential impact on patient–HCP relationships.ConclusionsUse of PGData within HIV care warrants further study, especially with regard to digital inequalities, data privacy and security. There is a need for longitudinal data on use within HIV in a variety of settings with a broad range of users, including impact on clinical outcomes. This will allow greater understanding of the role of PGData use in improving the health and well-being of people living with HIV, which is increasingly pertinent as digital healthcare becomes more widespread as a result of COVID-19.
TeleNeurological evaluation and Support for the Emergency Department (TeleNS-ED): protocol for an open-label clinical trial
Authors: Mandrioli Jessica , Santangelo Mario , Luciani Antonio , Toscani Stefano , Zucchi Elisabetta , Giovannini Giada , Martinelli Ilaria , Cecoli Sonia , Bigliardi Guido , Scanavini Sara , Meletti Stefano 
Published: May 2021

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic compelled health systems to protect patients and medical personnel during transit in hospitals by minimising transfers, prompting the use of telehealth systems. In the field of neurology, telemedicine has been used in emergency settings for acute stroke management between spoke and hub hospital networks, where good outcomes have been achieved. However, data on the use of telemedicine in non-stroke acute neurological conditions accessing the emergency department (ED) are currently missing.Methods and analysesThis is an interventional, open-label trial on the use of teleconsultation in the ED for neurological diseases other than stroke. The study aims to develop a remote consultancy system (TeleNeurological Evaluation and Support, TeleNS) for patients with acute neurological symptoms referred to hospital facilities without a 24-hour availability of a neurologist consultant (spoke hospitals). The study population will include 100 ED patients referred to two spoke hospitals in 6 months, who will be asked to perform teleconsultation instead of inperson visits. As a control group, retrospectively available data from patients admitted to the ED of spoke hospitals during the same time period over the last 2 years will be evaluated. The primary objective is to assess whether a TeleNS for the ED guarantees a faster but qualitatively non-inferior diagnostic/therapeutic work-up if compared with inperson examination, assuring the availability of all the necessary examinations and treatments with consistent time-saving.Ethics and disseminationThe trial was designed following the national guidelines on clinical investigation on telemedicine provided by the Italian Ministry of Health and according to the Standard Protocol Items for Randomized Trials statement guidelines. This research protocol was approved by Comitato Etico Area Vasta Emilia Nord in September 2020 (number/identification: 942/2020/DISP/AOUMO SIRER ID 805) and was written without patient involvement. Patients’ associations will be involved in the dissemination of study design and results. The results of the study will be presented during scientific symposia or published in scientific journals.Trial registration numberNCT04611295.
Sex differences in postural orientation errors and association with objective and patient-reported function in patients with ACL injury: an exploratory cross-sectional study
Authors: Nae Jenny , Creaby Mark W , Cronström Anna , Ageberg Eva 
Published: May 2021

ObjectivesThere is limited research on sex differences in postural orientation (ie, alignment between body segments) in people with knee injury measured with a clinically applicable method. An understanding of the relationship between postural orientation and physical function may help guide decision making in rehabilitation. The aims were to evaluate (1) sex differences in visual assessment of Postural Orientation Errors (POEs) and (2) the association between POEs and objective and patient-reported physical function, in men and women with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).MethodsTwenty-four women and 29 men (mean 26.7 (SD 6.5) years) with ACLR were included. Six POEs (lower extremity and trunk) were scored from a video of five tasks with varying difficulty to compute POE scores (total and subscores). Objective physical function was evaluated with the single-leg hop for distance and side hop. Patient-reported physical function was evaluated using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).ResultsWomen had significantly more POEs than men (median difference 5.5–25, p≤0.028). More POEs were associated with shorter hop distance and fewer side hops in women (rs= −0.425 to −0.518, p<0.038), but not in men (rs<0.301, p>0.05). No associations were found between POE scores and PROMs, in either sex (rs< –0.246, p>0.05).ConclusionsWomen with ACLR seem to have more POEs compared with men, indicating worse postural orientation. More POEs were associated with worse hop performance, suggesting that POE scores may be used as criteria for rehabilitation progression. The lack of associations between POE scores and PROMs indicate that these measures complement each other.
Guselkumab induces robust reduction in acute phase proteins and type 17 effector cytokines in active psoriatic arthritis: results from phase 3 trials
Authors: Sweet Kristen , Song Qingxuan , Loza Matthew J , McInnes Iain B , Ma Keying , Leander Karen , Lakshminarayanan Vani , Franks Carol , Cooper Philip , Siebert Stefan 
Published: May 2021

ObjectiveTo investigate serum protein expression in participants with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and changes after guselkumab treatment.MethodsParticipants with PsA were treated with guselkumab or placebo in the DISCOVER-1 and DISCOVER-2 studies. Serum levels of acute phase reactants C reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) and inflammatory cytokines/chemokines were measured at weeks 0, 4 and 24 in 300 study participants and 34 healthy controls (HCs). The PSUMMIT studies measured serum interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-17F and CRP after ustekinumab treatment and levels with ustekinumab versus guselkumab treatment were compared.ResultsBaseline serum levels of CRP, SAA, IL-6, IL-17A and IL-17F were elevated in participants with active PsA vs HCs (p<0.05, geometric mean (GM) ≥40% higher). Baseline T-helper cell 17 (Th17) effector cytokines were significantly associated with baseline psoriasis but not joint disease activity. Compared with placebo, guselkumab treatment resulted in decreases in serum CRP, SAA, IL-6, IL-17A, IL-17F and IL-22 as early as week 4 and continued to decrease through week 24 (p<0.05, GM decrease from baseline ≥33%). At week 24, IL-17A and IL-17F levels were not significantly different from HCs, suggesting normalisation of peripheral IL-23/Th17 axis effector cytokines postguselkumab treatment. Reductions in IL-17A/IL-17F levels were greater in guselkumab-treated versus ustekinumab-treated participants, whereas effects on CRP levels were similar.ConclusionGuselkumab treatment reduced serum protein levels of acute phase and Th17 effector cytokines and achieved comparable levels to those in HCs. In participants with PsA, reductions of IL-17A and IL-17F were of greater magnitude after treatment with guselkumab than with ustekinumab.
Towards security recommendations for public-key infrastructures for production environments in the post-quantum era
Authors: Yunakovsky Sergey E. , Kot Maxim , Pozhar Nikolay , Nabokov Denis , Kudinov Mikhail , Guglya Anton , Kiktenko Evgeniy O. , Kolycheva Ekaterina , Borisov Alexander , Fedorov Aleksey K. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractQuantum computing technologies pose a significant threat to the currently employed public-key cryptography protocols. In this paper, we discuss the impact of the quantum threat on public key infrastructures (PKIs), which are used as a part of security systems for protecting production environments. We analyze security issues of existing models with a focus on requirements for a fast transition to post-quantum solutions. Although our primary focus is on the attacks with quantum computing, we also discuss some security issues that are not directly related to the used cryptographic algorithms but are essential for the overall security of the PKI. We attempt to provide a set of security recommendations regarding the PKI from the viewpoints of attacks with quantum computers.
Association of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus with Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes and Its Interaction with Maternal Age in Chinese Urban Women
Authors: Wang Xueyin , Zhang Xiaosong , Zhou Min , Juan Juan , Wang Xu 
Published: May 2021

Background. The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been dramatically increasing worldwide. The aims of this study were to examine associations of GDM with pregnancy outcomes in Chinese urban women and to evaluate the interaction between GDM and other major risk factors for the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Methods. A retrospective analysis included 8844 women who delivered live singletons at ≥28 weeks of gestation between June 2012 and March 2013 among Chinese urban women. Structured questionnaires were used to collect information on demographic characteristics, lifestyle behavior, medical history, and pregnancy outcomes. The diagnosis of GDM was made between 24 and 28 gestational weeks according to the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups criteria. Logistic regression models were used to assess the association of GDM with pregnancy outcomes and to examine the interaction between GDM and other major risk factors including maternal age, prepregnancy body mass index, and gestational weight gain for the risk of pregnancy outcomes. Results. 13.9% of women were diagnosed with GDM. We found that GDM was associated with higher risk of cesarean delivery (

odds

ratio

OR

=
1.69

, 95% CI (confidence interval): 1.48-1.92), preterm birth (

OR
=
1.32

, 95% CI: 1.07-1.64), macrosomia (

OR
=
1.69

, 95% CI: 1.34-2.13), and large for gestational age (LGA,

OR
=
1.43

, 95% CI: 1.18-1.73) after adjustment for potential confounders. We also observed the interaction between GDM and maternal age for the risk of cesarean delivery (

P

for

interaction
=
0.025

), and the OR of GDM for cesarean delivery was 1.71 (95% CI: 1.49-1.97) among women aged less than 35 years. Conclusions. GDM was associated with an increased risk of cesarean delivery, preterm birth, macrosomia, and LGA in Chinese urban women, and there was an interaction between GDM and maternal age for the risk of cesarean delivery.
Designing an Efficient and Secure Message Exchange Protocol for Internet of Vehicles
Authors: Chaudhry Shehzad Ashraf 
Published: May 2021

In the advancements in computation and communication technologies and increasing number of vehicles, the concept of Internet of Vehicles (IoV) has emerged as an integral part of daily life, and it can be used to acquire vehicle related information including road congestion, road description, vehicle location, and speed. Such information is very vital and can benefit in a variety of ways, including route selection. However, without proper security measures, the information transmission among entities of IoV can be exposed and used for wicked intentions. Recently, many authentication schemes were proposed, but most of those authentication schemes are prone to insecurities or suffer from heavy communication and computation costs. Therefore, a secure message authentication protocol is proposed in this study for information exchange among entities of IoV (SMEP-IoV). Based on secure symmetric lightweight hash functions and encryption operations, the proposed SMEP-IoV meets IoV security and performance requirements. For formal security analysis of the proposed SMEP-IoV, BAN logic is used. The performance comparisons show that the SMEP-IoV is lightweight and completes the authentication process in just

0.198
ms

.
Turning the Cocopith Waste into Myceliated Biocomposite to Make an Insulator
Authors: Mardijanti Diana Susyari , Megantara Erri Noviar , Bahtiar Ayi , Sunardi Sunardi 
Published: May 2021

Cocopith is the main waste of the coconut coir milling industry, which has not been handled properly until now. Burning cocopith as a response to land availability concerns for storing waste has an impact on pollution for the surrounding environment. Efforts to reduce, reuse, recycle, and remanufacture cocopith waste provide better economic value for waste. The method used in this research is one with quantitative and qualitative approaches. The AAS method is used to test the concentration of cocopith chemical elements, while lignin and cellulose levels were tested using data methods. The test results obtained that the highest chemical elements are sulfur and chlorine; the sulfur content in 1 kg of cocopith is 24,000 mg and chlorine content is 10,371 mg. Meanwhile, the other results showed that lignin levels in cocopith (22.7%) are higher than cellulose content (10.27%). The test results of cocopith characteristics from the methods mentioned above showed that the chemical content of sulfur and chlorine and lignin, more so than cellulose, causes cocopith to have the potential to insulate thermally. Based on this potential, cocopith is processed into mycelium-based biocomposite that serves as an insulator. Maximum stress and tensile stress of this biocomposite have been tested through flexural strength tests with the ASTM-D7264 method. The biocomposite feasibility of the material as an insulator was shown through a thermal conductivity test at temperatures of 13°C–40°C. This showed a thermal conductivity value of 0.0887241

±

0.002964 W/mK. This value is in the range of 0.01–1.00 W/mK, which is a recommended value for the thermal conductivity insulator.
Neutralization of PD-L2 is Essential for Overcoming Immune Checkpoint Blockade Resistance in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Miao Yu Rebecca , Thakkar Kaushik N. , Qian Jin , Kariolis Mihalis S. , Huang Wei , Nandagopal Saravanan , Yang Teddy Tat Chi , Diep Anh N. , Cherf Gerald Maxwell , Xu Yu , Moon Eui Jung , Xiao Yiren , Alemany Haizea , Li Tiane , Yu Wenhua , Wei Bo , Rankin Erinn B. , Giaccia Amato J. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Purpose:
Ovarian cancer represents a major clinical hurdle for immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), with reported low patient response rates. We found that the immune checkpoint ligand PD-L2 is robustly expressed in patient samples of ovarian cancers and other malignancies exhibiting suboptimal response to ICB but not in cancers that are ICB sensitive. Therefore, we hypothesize that PD-L2 can facilitate immune escape from ICB through incomplete blockade of the PD-1 signaling pathway.

Experimental Design:
We engineered a soluble form of the PD-1 receptor (sPD-1) capable of binding and neutralizing both PD-L2 and PD-L1 with ×200 and ×10,000 folds improvement in binding affinity over wild-type PD-1 leading to superior inhibition of ligand-mediated PD-1 activities.

Results:
Both in vitro and in vivo analyses performed in this study demonstrated that the high-affinity sPD-1 molecule is superior at blocking both PD-L1– and PD-L2–mediated immune evasion and reducing tumor growth in immune-competent murine models of ovarian cancer.

Conclusions:
The data presented in this study provide justification for using a dual targeting, high-affinity sPD-1 receptor as an alternative to PD-1 or PD-L1 therapeutic antibodies for achieving superior therapeutic efficacy in cancers expressing both PD-L2 and PD-L1.
Nuclear FGFR1 Regulates Gene Transcription and Promotes Antiestrogen Resistance in ER+ Breast Cancer
Authors: Servetto Alberto , Kollipara Rahul , Formisano Luigi , Lin Chang-Ching , Lee Kyung-Min , Sudhan Dhivya R. , Gonzalez-Ericsson Paula I. , Chatterjee Sumanta , Guerrero-Zotano Angel , Mendiratta Saurabh , Akamatsu Hiroaki , James Nicholas , Bianco Roberto , Hanker Ariella B. , Kittler Ralf , Arteaga Carlos L. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Purpose:
FGFR1 overexpression has been associated with endocrine resistance in ER+ breast cancer. We found FGFR1 localized in the nucleus of breast cancer cells in primary tumors resistant to estrogen suppression. We investigated a role of nuclear FGFR1 on gene transcription and antiestrogen resistance.

Experimental Design:
Tumors from patients treated with letrozole were subjected to Ki67 and FGFR1 IHC. MCF7 cells were transduced with FGFR1(SP-)(NLS) to promote nuclear FGFR1 overexpression. FGFR1 genomic activity in ER+/FGFR1-amplified breast cancer cells ± FOXA1 siRNA or ± the FGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) erdafitinib was examined by chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). The nuclear and chromatin-bound FGFR1 interactome was investigated by mass spectrometry (MS).

Results:
High nuclear FGFR1 expression in ER+ primary tumors positively correlated with post-letrozole Ki67 values. Nuclear FGFR1 overexpression influenced gene transcription and promoted resistance to estrogen suppression and to fulvestrant in vivo. A gene expression signature induced by nuclear FGFR1 correlated with shorter survival in the METABRIC cohort of patients treated with antiestrogens. ChIP-Seq revealed FGFR1 occupancy at transcription start sites, overlapping with active transcription histone marks. MS analysis of the nuclear FGFR1 interactome identified phosphorylated RNA-Polymerase II and FOXA1, with FOXA1 RNAi impairing FGFR1 recruitment to chromatin. Treatment with erdafitinib did not impair nuclear FGFR1 translocation and genomic activity.

Conclusions:
These data suggest nuclear FGFR1 contributes to endocrine resistance by modulating gene transcription in ER+ breast cancer. Nuclear FGFR1 activity was unaffected by FGFR TKIs, thus supporting the development of treatment strategies to inhibit nuclear FGFR1 in ER+/FGFR1 overexpressing breast cancer.
Adjuvant Low-dose Statin Use after Radical Prostatectomy: The PRO-STAT Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Jeong In Gab , Lim Bumjin , Yun Sung-Cheol , Lim Ju Hyun , Hong Jun Hyuk , Kim Choung-Soo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Purpose:
Statin use is reportedly associated with the risk of prostate cancer, outcomes after treatment, and prostate cancer-specific mortality. We sought to determine the efficacy of adjuvant atorvastatin in prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy.

Patients and Methods:
In this randomized, double-blind trial, we assigned patients with pathologic high-risk prostate cancer to receive either low-dose atorvastatin (20 mg/day, n = 183) or placebo (n = 181) for 1 year after radical prostatectomy. The primary endpoint was the 1-year biochemical recurrence rate. The secondary endpoints included the 5-year biochemical recurrence-free survival and changes in lipid, testosterone, and sex hormone binding globulin levels.

Results:
From October 2012 through January 2019, a total of 364 patients underwent randomization. Among 59 total primary end points, 30 (16.4%) and 29 (16.0%) occurred in the atorvastatin and placebo groups, respectively. Atorvastatin did not significantly reduce the primary endpoint of 1-year biochemical recurrence [HR, 0.96; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.58–1.60]. During a median follow-up of 24 months, 131 patients experienced biochemical recurrence (68 in the atorvastatin group and 63 in the placebo group), representing Kaplan–Meier estimated event rates of 24.0% and 25.4% in the atorvastatin and placebo groups, respectively, at 24 months (HR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.71–1.41). We observed no significant between-group differences in the testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin levels.

Conclusions:
Among patients with high-risk pathologic features after radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer, 1-year adjuvant use of atorvastatin was not associated with a lower risk of disease recurrence compared with that for placebo. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01759836).
See related commentary by Murtola and Siltari, p. 4947
Inequities in Hypertension Control in the United States Exposed and Exacerbated by COVID‐19 and the Role of Home Blood Pressure and Virtual Health Care During and After the COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Bress Adam P. , Cohen Jordana B. , Anstey David Edmund , Conroy Molly B. , Ferdinand Keith C. , Fontil Valy , Margolis Karen L. , Muntner Paul , Millar Morgan M. , Okuyemi Kolawole S. , Rakotz Michael K. , Reynolds Kristi , Safford Monika M. , Shimbo Daichi , Stuligross John , Green Beverly B. , Mohanty April F. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The COVID‐19 pandemic is a public health crisis, having killed more than 514 000 US adults as of March 2, 2021. COVID‐19 mitigation strategies have unintended consequences on managing chronic conditions such as hypertension, a leading cause of cardiovascular disease and health disparities in the United States. During the first wave of the pandemic in the United States, the combination of observed racial/ethnic inequities in COVID‐19 deaths and social unrest reinvigorated a national conversation about systemic racism in health care and society. The 4th Annual University of Utah Translational Hypertension Symposium gathered frontline clinicians, researchers, and leaders from diverse backgrounds to discuss the intersection of these 2 critical social and public health phenomena and to highlight preexisting disparities in hypertension treatment and control exacerbated by COVID‐19. The discussion underscored environmental and socioeconomic factors that are deeply embedded in US health care and research that impact inequities in hypertension. Structural racism plays a central role at both the health system and individual levels. At the same time, virtual healthcare platforms are being accelerated into widespread use by COVID‐19, which may widen the divide in healthcare access across levels of wealth, geography, and education. Blood pressure control rates are declining, especially among communities of color and those without health insurance or access to health care. Hypertension awareness, therapeutic lifestyle changes, and evidence‐based pharmacotherapy are essential. There is a need to improve the implementation of community‐based interventions and blood pressure self‐monitoring, which can help build patient trust and increase healthcare engagement.