bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Buckwheat Grass Tea Beverages: Row Materials, Production Methods, and Biological Activity
Authors: Tanashkina Tatiana , Piankova Alena , Semenyuta Anna , Kantemirov Alexey , Prikhodko Yury 
Published: October 2021

Introduction. Buckwheat grain has long been used in food technology. However, its aboveground part remains understudied even though it is richer in biologically active substances than grain. The research objective was to evaluate the potential of buckwheat grass as a raw material for functional tea beverages.
Study objects and methods. The research featured the lower and upper parts of the stem, leaves, and flowers of common buckwheat, as well as buckwheat tea beverages. The content of polyphenol compounds was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, while the amount of rutin was measured by HPLC analysis. Sensory properties were analyzed by standard methods and quality score, and antioxidant activity – by DPPH radical scavenging method.
Results and discussion. The sensory analyses proved that the best tea beverages were made from the upper part of the plant: the samples had a strong smell of meadow grass and honey. The taste of the samples was pleasant, sweetish, with a honey and light floral aftertaste. As the total score (maximum score – 20) increased, the tea samples were arranged in the following order: lower stem (14.3) > upper stem (16.8) > leaves, (18.5) > blend – mix of leaves, flowers, and upper stem (18.6) > flowers (19.3). Polyphenol compounds were found in all parts of the plant: flowers – 6.67%, leaves – 5.71%, blend – 5.45%, upper and lower stem – 1.92 and 1.32%, respectively. Only 30–40% of buckwheat grass polyphenol compounds were found in tea beverages. Most of them were in the samples prepared from leaves and flowers – 1.78 %. Rutin made up most of the polyphenol compounds found in the leaves (5.05%), but its content was lower in other parts of the plant: 3.43% in the blend, 3.03% in the flowers, 1.08 and 0.76% in the upper and lower stem. Except for the lower stem samples, the tea contained from 15 to 75% of the daily rutin intake. All the tea samples showed antioxidant activity: flowers – 66.7%, leaves – 62.3%, and blend – 52.5%. In terms of ascorbic acid, it was 69, 64, and 52 μmol/g dry matter, respectfully. The same samples demonstrated antiradical activity.
Conclusion. Common buckwheat grass can serve as a raw material for tea beverages. Buckwheat tea is a natural functional food product with zero caffeine. They have a pleasant taste and aroma. They owe their high biological activity to the high content of rutin and other polyphenol compounds.
Evaluation of temporal variability and stationarity of potential evapotranspiration in Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Theng Hue Hui , Ng Jing Lin , Huang Yuk Feng , Tan Yi Xun 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Potential Evapotranspiration (PET) functions as an indicator to estimate the amount of water loss to the atmosphere. Over the years, global climate change has eventually led to a change of PET capacity and this has affected the agricultural sector and water resource management. The objective of this study was to determine the best PET estimation method as well as to carry out a trend analysis and stationarity test of PET in Peninsular Malaysia. The Mann–Kendall (MK) test and Sen's slope estimator were applied for the trend analysis while the Augmented Dickey–Fuller (ADF) test and Kwiatkowski–Phillips–Schmidt–Shin (KPSS) test were applied for the stationarity test. The findings showed that Pulau Langkawi and Kuantan stations exhibited increasing trends while Bayan Lepas station exhibited decreasing trends for the daily, monthly, and annual PET time series. The daily, monthly, and annual PET time series at Bayan Lepas, Ipoh, Subang and Muadzam Shah stations were found to be stationary. Overall, the PET trend was found to be higher in the coastal regions and stationary in the mountainous region.
Statistical modelling of hydrological performance in a suite of green infrastructure practices
Authors: Li Shanshan , Kazemi Hamidreza , Rockaway Thomas D 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Statistical modelling procedures (feature selection in conjunction with multiple linear regressions) were applied to determine the performance of a suite of stormwater green infrastructures (GIs) installed at the Belknap Campus of the University of Louisville. Two separate multiple linear regression models (MLRMs) were developed and calibrated to estimate the reductions of the flow regime parameters (flow volume and peak flow rates) within the down-gradient combined sewer system (CSS). The developed MLRMs showed that wet-weather-related CSS flow was mitigated post implementation of the stormwater GIs. At the down-gradient combined sewer flow-monitoring site, the average reduction rates of flow volume and the peak flow were estimated to be 22 and 63% per rainfall event, respectively. Unlike the black-box nature of most machine-learning techniques, the MLRM has the advantage of showing the unique statistical relationship between the rainfall features and the investigated CSS flow parameters. The results from this study indicate that proper statistic modelling can be applied effectively to evaluate the hydrological performance of stormwater management practices when lacking instrumentation and having limited drainage or sewer information.
Investigation of groundwater contamination in relation to septic systems in Kitwe West Township, Kitwe, Zambia
Authors: Siwila Stephen , Buumba Choolwe 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This study investigated the quality of groundwater with respect to septic systems in Kitwe West township located in the western part of Zambia's Kitwe district. The study area was selected because most households in the township use boreholes and septic systems as sources of drinking water and wastewater disposal facilities respectively. The study showed the presence of total coliforms in 90% of the boreholes while only 30% of the boreholes were contaminated with fecal coliforms rendering the water unsafe for drinking. The study revealed that there was no distinct relationship between distance from borehole to septic tank system and the quality of borehole water. It was however observed that for boreholes within a 15 m proximity to individual home-owned dump sites the level of fecal contamination increased as the distance from the boreholes to the dump sites decreased. The study has vividly shown that the location of boreholes and septic tank systems in the same plot of land exacerbated by the presence of solid waste dump sites in a residential plot that depends on groundwater is not advisable. This is because the safety of groundwater cannot be guaranteed even if technical specifications are followed for boreholes and septic tank systems.
Cancer Communication and User Engagement on Chinese Social Media: Content Analysis and Topic Modeling Study
Authors: Chen Liang , Wang Pianpian , Ma Xin , Wang Xiaohui 
Published: October 2021

Background
Cancer ranks among the most serious public health challenges worldwide. In China—the world’s most populous country—about one-quarter of the population consists of people with cancer. Social media has become an important platform that the Chinese public uses to express opinions.

Objective
We investigated cancer-related discussions on the Chinese social media platform Weibo (Sina Corporation) to identify cancer topics that generate the highest levels of user engagement.

Methods
We conducted topic modeling and regression analyses to analyze and visualize cancer-related messages on Weibo and to examine the relationships between different cancer topics and user engagement (ie, the number of retweets, comments, and likes).

Results
Our results revealed that cancer communication on Weibo has generally focused on the following six topics: social support, cancer treatment, cancer prevention, women’s cancers, smoking and skin cancer, and other topics. Discussions about social support and cancer treatment attracted the highest number of users and received the greatest numbers of retweets, comments, and likes.

Conclusions
Our investigation of cancer-related communication on Weibo provides valuable insights into public concerns about cancer and can help guide the development of health campaigns in social media.
A Personalized, Interactive, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy–Based Digital Therapeutic (MODIA) for Adjunctive Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder: Development Study
Authors: Meyer Björn , Utter Geri-Lynn , Hillman Catherine 
Published: October 2021

Background
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is characterized by the inability to control opioid use despite attempts to stop use and negative consequences to oneself and others. The burden of opioid misuse and OUD is a national crisis in the United States with substantial public health, social, and economic implications. Although medication-assisted treatment (MAT) has demonstrated efficacy in the management of OUD, access to effective counseling and psychosocial support is a limiting factor and a significant problem for many patients and physicians. Digital therapeutics are an innovative class of interventions that help prevent, manage, or treat diseases by delivering therapy using software programs. These applications can circumvent barriers to uptake, improve treatment adherence, and enable broad delivery of evidence-based management strategies to meet service gaps. However, few digital therapeutics specifically targeting OUD are available, and additional options are needed.

Objective
To this end, we describe the development of the novel digital therapeutic MODIA.

Methods
MODIA was developed by an international, multidisciplinary team that aims to provide effective, accessible, and sustainable management for patients with OUD. Although MODIA is aligned with principles of cognitive behavioral therapy, it was not designed to present any 1 specific treatment and uses a broad range of evidence-based behavior change techniques drawn from cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness, acceptance and commitment therapy, and motivational interviewing.

Results
MODIA uses proprietary software that dynamically tailors content to the users’ responses. The MODIA program comprises 24 modules or “chats” that patients are instructed to work through independently. Patient responses dictate subsequent content, creating a “simulated dialogue” experience between the patient and program. MODIA also includes brief motivational text messages that are sent regularly to prompt patients to use the program and help them transfer therapeutic techniques into their daily routines. Thus, MODIA offers individuals with OUD a custom-tailored, interactive digital psychotherapy intervention that maximizes the personal relevance and emotional impact of the interaction.

Conclusions
As part of a clinician-supervised MAT program, MODIA will allow more patients to begin psychotherapy concurrently with opioid maintenance treatment. We expect access to MODIA will improve the OUD management experience and provide sustainable positive outcomes for patients.
Abdominal Pain in Young Adults
Authors: Gaus O. V. , Livzan M. A. , Turchaninov D. V. , Ivanova T. I. , Popello D. V. 
Published: October 2021

Aim. A study of abdominal pain incidence in young adults in relation to dietary habits and psychological profile for advancement of health-promoting technologies.Materials and methods. An anonymous quiz survey covered 3,634 students enrolled at Omsk State Medical University in higher and secondary vocational education programmes via online use of the GSRS and WHO CINDI programme questionnaires to assess eating patterns and dietary preferences, as well as a brief multifactor personality inventory scale. Respondents with abdominal pain were divided into subcohorts by pain severity according to GSRS scores (mild, moderate or severe pain).Results. Abdominal pain was reported by 2,300 (63.29%) respondents, of whom 1,243 (54.0%) rated symptoms as mild, 996 (43.3%) and 61 (2.7%) — as moderate to severe. Abdominal pain complaints were more frequent in women (2I = 33.96, p <0.001), but gender had no effect on pain intensity. Pain associated with abdominal bloating and distention (57.65%), gastroesophageal reflux symptoms (38.75%), constipation (30.54%) or diarrhoea (28.4%). The presence and severity of abdominal pain was distinctive of individuals spending the most of average monthly income on food purchase and those actively consuming tea, coffee, added sugar, extra salt in cooked food, while having low intake of fruit and vegetables. A typical personality in severe abdominal pain is hypothymic depressive, hypochondriac in moderate and psychasthenic in mild pain.Conclusion. Abdominal pain is common among medical students predominating in females, associates with the eating pattern, dietary habits and psychological profile.
Clinical and Morphological Manifestations of Gastritis and Serum Cytokine Levels in Schoolchildren with Familial History of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Polivanova T. V. , Kasparov E. V. , Vshivkov V. A. 
Published: October 2021

Aim. A study of the clinical and morphological traits and cytokine profile of gastritis in schoolchildren with familial history of gastric cancer.Materials and methods. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted in Siberian regions (Tuva, Even-kiya, Aginskiy Buryat National District, Krasnoyarsk). A total of 3,343 schoolchildren aged 7–17 were surveyed for gastrointestinal complaints and history of gastric cancer in their 1st–2nd degree kindred. Oesophagogastroduo-denoscopy (OGDS) with gastric mucosa biopsy were performed in 463 respondents with complaints. Gastritis was graded in the Sydney classification. Serum cytokine levels (IL-2, IL-4, IL-8, IL-18, IL-1β, IFN-α, TNM-α) were obtained in enzyme immunoassays (ELISA).Results. Schoolchildren with gastritis and familial history of gastric cancer revealed a higher 59.8% rate of dyspeptic complaints vs. 40.8% in negative history (p = 0.001), as well as complaints of weekly heartburn in 14.2 and 8.3% cas-es (p = 0.019), respectively. In positive history and negative H. pylori tests, the cell immune response regulator IL-18 37 was revealed elevated in histology. In histologically verified H. pylori, no cross-cohort differences were observed in serum IL-18 by positive familial history of gastric cancer.Conclusion. Gastritis in schoolchildren with familial predisposition to gastric cancer more often associates with GERD and dyspepsia usually presented in postprandial distress syndrome. The cytokine regulation properties of gastritis in schoolchildren with familial history of gastric cancer have been reported.
Risk factors influencing the expansion of the epidemic process of hiv infection in the penitentiary system of the region with a high level of HIV prevalence
Authors: Kondratova S. E. , Marchenko A. N. , Beltikova A. A. 
Published: October 2021

The Tyumen Region, being the largest one in the Ural Federal District in terms of territory, has a high level of HIV prevalence, particularly among those taken into custody. This group of people involves the maximum number of injecting drug users, men having sexual encounters with other men and sex workers. All acquired diseases including the diseases aggravated during the service of sentence become the problem of the expirees as well as the entire civil society. From an epidemiological perspective it is important to search for the risk factors which are active among the prisoner population serving their sentence in the region and which cause HIV progression with fatal outcome, taking into account their unequal significance among the prisoner population and the civilians.Object of research. 365 HIV-infected, deaths were identified, including: the study group — 222 prisoners, HlV-infected and died at the regional hospital of the Federal penitentiary service of Tyumen for the period 2008-2018; the control group - 143 civil (law-abiding) patients, HIV-infected and died at the Regional infectious diseases hospital for the period 2011-2018.Purpose of research. Identification and assessment of priority risk factors for the expansion of the epidemic process of HIV infection with a fatal outcome in the zone of high concentration of the risk group.Methods of research. The following methods have been used in this work: methods of epidemiological research, methods of mathematical modeling and forecasting, as well as the method, of logistic regression, of step-by-step inclusion with ROC analysis.Results. To assess the epidemiological situation in terms of the HIV infection prevalence in the prison area a long-term and intra-annual dynamics of the epidemic process expansion in the region have been studied along with assessment of the priority risk factors, trends, forecasting of the HIV infection expansion in the penitentiary system specifying the social significance and risks to the civilian population over a long period.
Clinical case of combined intestinal infection caused by enteroaggregative Escherichia coli and toxigenic strain Clostridium difficile in a child with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Gonchar N. V. , Klimova O. I. , Razd'yakonova I. V. , Orlov A. V. , Kvetnaya A. S. 
Published: October 2021

The goal is to study the peculiarities of the clinical picture and the distant outcome of intestinal infection due to enteroaggregative escherichiosis and the toxigenic strain of C. difficile in a child with cystic fibrosis.Material and methods. To verify the etiology of intestinal infection, the following studies were conducted. — fecal PCR “OKI-screen” tests to detect viral and bacterial pathogens, fecal bacteriopsy for pathogenic and opportunistic microbes; determination of C. difficile A and B toxins in feces by enzyme-linked fluorescence analysis.Results. The combined intestinal infection caused by en-teroaggregative escherichiosis and a toxigenic strain of C. difficile, in a child with pulmonary-intestinal form of cystic fibrosis was characterized by a wavy course, a pronounced intoxication syndrome, excicosis, hemorrhagic enterocolitis, signs of systemic and local inflammation, metabolic disorders. There were no recurrences of C. difficile-infection in catamnese.Conclusion. It is necessary to continue research on the course of intestinal infections caused by bacterial associations of pathogens.
Hepatitis E, to the 40th anniversary of the discovery of the virus by academician of the RAMS M.S. Balayan
Authors: Mikhailov M. I. , Kyuregyan K. K. , Malinnikova E. Yu. , Polyakov A. D. 
Published: October 2021

2021 marks the 40th anniversary of the discovery of the hepatitis E virus by an outstanding Russian virologist, academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences Mikhail Surenovich Balayan. This date is an occasion to remember this remarkable scientist and person, to analyze the current state of the problem of viral hepatitis E, to sum up the research results and to correct the prospects of scientific directions, the development of which is largely related to the basic foundations laid by M.S. Balayan.The scientific heritage of M.S. Balayan is associated with the study of poliomyelitis, hepatitis A and hepatitis E. The main contribution of Mikhail Surenovich Balayan to world science was the discovery of the hepatitis E virus. This is, in first place, associated with the significance of the results obtained and the high moral value of the experimental selfinfection with hepatitis E.The paper presents data on the study of virology, epidemiology, clinical course, diagnosis and prevention of hepatitis E. The main concepts and directions of studying hepatitis E are overviewed.
Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of meningococcal infection morbidity in Penza Region for the period 2007-2019
Authors: Melnikov V. L. , Mitrofanova N. N. , Mitushkin A. E. 
Published: October 2021

Objective. To study the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of meningococcal disease morbidity in the Penza Region population for the period 2007-2019.Materials and methods. The retrospective analysis carried out of archival documents of a specialized infectious diseases hospital in Penza and materials of the center of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-being. Methods of statistical processing were used for the analysis.Results and discussion. As a result of the analysis, it was revealed that the incidence of meningococcal infection in the Penza region exceeds the average level in Russia for almost the entire time period under study. We revealed the predominance of the share of the child population in the structure of total morbidity throughout the entire time tranche under study was revealed. The presence of 4 peaks in the mortality rate was found — in 2009, 2012, 2014 and 2016. On the territory of the Penza region, the infection has a pronounced winter-spring seasonality, there are generalized forms of meningococcal infection and localized forms of meningococcal infection.Conclusions. Thus, meningococci of serogroups B and C prevail in the serogroup landscape of meningococci in the Penza region. The excess of the average Russian indicators of the incidence of meningococcal infection was revealed by 2 or more times throughout the entire study period. patients under the age of 14 from unorganized groups predominate among patients with meningococcal infection. the Gender structure is dominated by males from rural areas. The infection has a pronounced winter-spring seasonality. The most common clinical forms are meningitis and mixed form.
Clinical and epidemiological features of HPV-associated head and neck cancer in Russia: results of a sample study
Authors: Belyakova E. N. 
Published: October 2021

Recently, an increase in the incidence of all malignant neoplasms of the head and neck has been noted throughout the world. The most common type of head and neck cancer is squamous cell carcinoma, which originates from the epithelium of the oral mucosa, pharynx, and larynx. In Russia, cancer of the oral mucosa and cancer of the oropharynx are in 4th place in the structure of malignant neoplasms: more than 80 thousand new cases are registered every year. Human papillomavirus is the leading cause of increased incidence of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck in many regions of the world.Objective: to determine the main clinical and epidemiological features of HPV-associated head and neck cancer.Methods: a study based on a retrospective analysis of the patient's anamnestic data was carried out. Results: Demonstrated the role of smoking OR=2.07 (CI: 1.07—4.02), hookah smoking OR=3.06 (CI: 1.06—8.80), drinking strongly hot drinks OR=3.65 (CI: 1.44—9.25), the presence of a dental prosthesis OR=7.32 (CI: 2.77—19.31), heredity OR=7.38 (CI: 3.07—17.76), “Poor” dental status OR=33.54 (CI: 15.01—74.95), positive HPV status in history OR=7.31 (CI: 2.77—19.31), 5 or more sexual partners lifetime OR=4.95 (CI: 2.47—9.93) as risk factors for HPV-associated. head, and neck cancer. Conclusion: HPV prophylaxis plays an important role in reducing the incidence of associated head and neck malignancies. The results of the study convinced of the need for preventive measures in relation to the identified risk factors for the development of HPV-associated head and neck cancer.