bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the responsiveness of out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure to macro-fiscal factors and different health financing systems: evidence from the European and OECD area
Authors: Grigorakis Nikolaos , Galyfianakis Georgios , Tsoukatos Evangelos 
Published: March 2021

PurposeIn this paper, the authors assess the responsiveness of OOP healthcare expenditure to macro-fiscal factors, as well as to tax-based, SHI, mixed systems and voluntary PHI financing. Although the relationship between OOP expenditure, macroeconomy, aggregate public and PHI financing is well documented in the existing empirical literature, little is known for the impact of several macro-fiscal drivers and the existing health financing arrangements associated with voluntary PHI on OOP expenditure.Design/methodology/approachThe authors gather panel data by applying three official organizations’ databases. They elaborate static and dynamic panel data methodology to a dataset of 49 European and OECD countries from 2000 to 2015.FindingsThe authors’ findings do not indicate a considerable impact of GDP growth and general government debt as a share of GDP on OOP payments. Unemployment rate presents as a positive driver of OOP payments in all three compulsory national health systems post to the 2008 economic crisis. OOP payments are significantly influenced by countries’ fiscal capacity to increase general government expenditure to GDP in SHI and mixed health systems. Additionally, study findings present that government health financing, irrespective of the different health systems structure characteristics, and OOP healthcare payments follow different directions. Voluntary PHI financing considerably counteracts OOP payments only in tax-based health systems.Practical implicationsIn the backdrop of a new economic crisis associated to the COVID-19 epidemic, health policy planners have to deal with the emerging unprecedented challenges in financing of health systems, especially for these economies that have to face the fiscal capacity constraints owing to the 2008 financial crisis and its severe recession.Originality/valueTo the best of authors’ knowledge, there is no empirical consensus on the effects of macro-fiscal parameters, different compulsory health systems financing associated with the parallel voluntary PHI institution funding on OOP expenditure, for the majority of European and OECD settings.
Outside CEOs and restaurant performance: the moderating effect of franchising and recession
Authors: Kim Hong Soon , Jang SooCheong (Shawn) 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the effect of hiring outside chief executive officers (CEOs) on restaurant performance. As outside CEOs have a mandate to bring changes but lack internal knowledge, this study expected that outside CEOs impose a significant influence on restaurant performance. It was further expected that the relationship is substantially moderated by franchising and recession.Design/methodology/approachThe CEO data was manually collected from firms’ annual filings and the EXECOMP database. The COMPUSTAT database was used for company financial data. A two-way panel regression was used to examine the proposed relationships.FindingsThe results revealed that outside CEOs have a positive effect on growth but a negative effect on restaurant profitability. It was further turned out that franchising significantly moderates the outside CEO-performance relationship. However, the moderating effect of recession turned out to be insignificant.Practical implicationsThe results suggested that outside CEOs play a critical role in determining restaurant performance. The results further imply that franchising helps to maximize the positive effect of outside CEOs while mitigating the adverse effects of outside CEOs.Originality/valueThis study is one of the first to examine the effect of outside CEOs in the hospitality context. Moreover, this study extended the literature by revealing the relationship in the restaurant industry and highlighting the importance of long-term organizational context.
Authorship trends and collaboration patterns in hospitality and tourism research
Authors: Ramos-Rodriguez Antonio-Rafael , Lechuga Sancho María Paula , Martínez-Fierro Salustiano 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
Analyze patterns of co-authorship in hospitality and tourism (H&T) research using bibliometric methods. The purpose of this paper is to answer three questions related to collaborative practices, the number of authors, the order of signatures and the role of the corresponding author.

Design/methodology/approach
The methodology is based on the bibliometric techniques of authorship analyzes published in leading H&T journals. Evaluative techniques provide longitudinal evidence of the evolution of some indicators of authors’ collaboration: the percentage of alphabetized authorships; the percentage of articles were the most relevant author signs in the first, middle or last position; and the position of the corresponding author in the by-line.

Findings
First, the collaborative nature of H&T research is confirmed; almost 80% of articles in the sample are co-authored. Second, over the past 30 years, the alphabetized signature model has been in decline in this field. Today, about 20% of articles indexed in JCR journals are signed alphabetically. Third, the first author’s placement is less consistent than that of the corresponding author.

Practical implications
This work provides relevant information on researchers’ authorship habits that may help evaluators assign credit and accountability and avoid malpractice in the authorial assignment.

Originality/value
This study explores the habits of researchers who collaborate to improve their productivity, impact and reputation. This is often linked to facilitating access to research funding and obtaining recognition from incentive systems. Yet, no research specifically examines trends in signature order or the corresponding author’s role in the H&T field.
Capital structure and earnings quality in microfinance institutions
Authors: Lassoued Naima 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine whether capital structure matters for earnings management of microfinance institutions.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical study is conducted using a sample of 575 MFIs over 2007 to 2015, we determined in the first step the discretionary part of provision for loan impairment. In the second step, we examine the effect of debt and donated equity on discretionary provision for loan impairment.FindingsWe found robust evidence that MFIs manage their earnings for external finance purposes. Debt exhibits a negative effect on earnings management for both profit and nonprofit MFIs. However, donated equity incites managers of MFIs to engage this practice in nonprofit MFIs.Practical implicationsFindings could be valuable to fund providers and investors who should consider accounting information quality in order to reach a better investment decision.Originality/valueThis paper is among the few to explore earnings management motivation of MFIs and to determine the role of external financing on earnings management practice.
A survey of assistive robots and systems for elderly care
Authors: Santhanaraj Karthik Kumar , M.M. Ramya , D. Dinakaran 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
The rousing phenomenon of the ageing population is becoming a vital issue and demanding fulminant actions. Population ageing is a resultant of the enhanced health-care system, groovy antibiotics, medications and economic well-being. Old age leads to copious amounts of ailments. Aged people, owing to their reduced mobility and enervating disabilities, tend to rely upon caretakers and/or nursing personnel. With the increasing vogue of nuclear families in the society, the elderly are at the risk of being unveiled to emotional, physical and fiscal insecurities in the years to come. Caring for those seniors will be an enormous undertaking.

Design/methodology/approach
There is a dire need for an intelligent assistive system to meet out the requirements of continuous holistic care and monitoring. Assistive robots and systems used for elderly care are studied. The design motivation for the robots, elderly–robot interaction capabilities and technology incorporated in the systems are examined meticulously.

Findings
From the survey, it is suggested that the subsystems of an assistive robot revamped for better human–machine interactions will be a potential alternative to the human counterpart. Affirmable advancements in the robot design and interaction methodologies that would increase the holistic care and assistance for aged people are analyzed and listed.

Originality/value
This paper reviews the available assistive technologies and suggests a synergistic model that can be adopted for the caring of the elderly.
The influence of gender stereotyping and issue advocacy on consumer sentiment
Authors: Lucka Nina Sissel , Caldieraro Fabio , Zanini Marco Tulio 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThis study explores the effect of gender stereotyping and issue advocacy on consumer sentiment toward advertising and brands.Design/methodology/approachDrawing from the literature, the study hypothesizes about the impact of gender stereotyping and consumer advocacy on consumer sentiment. A behavioral experiment tests the hypotheses and provides support for the main conclusions.FindingsResults indicate that issue advocacy can cancel the negative effect of traditional female stereotyping. The results also show that demographics are not necessarily the reason why a person favors or condemns stereotyping and advertising; on the contrary, any reaction is far more linked to personal disposition.Practical implicationsThe findings of this research have implications for marketing and advertising practice. While the use of issue advocacy is currently trending up, there is still a lack of understanding about its effect on consumers. Gender stereotyping is also being frequently used, but has caused huge backlashes in recent ad campaigns. Marketing and advertising managers can use insights from this research to shape advertising messages that use these two stimuli in order to enable a brand to better connect with its audience and achieve a more desirable outcome.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the academic discussion about the effectiveness of using gender stereotyping and issue advocacy to drive advertising outcomes. It challenges the idea that the combination of these two advertising approaches is either detrimental or beneficial to the brand.
Efficacy and safety of i.v. methylprednisolone pulse therapy for vitiligo: A retrospective study of 58 therapy experiences for 33 vitiligo patients
Authors: Wada‐Irimada Moyuka , Tsuchiyama Kenichiro , Sasaki Rui , Hatchome Naokazu , Watabe Akiko , Kimura Yutaka , Yamasaki Kenshi , Aiba Setsuya 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSystemic corticosteroid is indicated for vitiligo, especially for generalized and progressive vitiligo. However, no consensus exists yet for the dosages and modalities of systemic corticosteroid treatments for vitiligo. The purpose of this study is to validate the efficacy and safety of i.v. methylprednisolone pulse therapy (IVMP) for patients with progressive generalized vitiligo. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of vitiligo patients treated in our institute for 10 years between January 2010 and December 2019. Among 525 vitiligo patients treated in 10 years, 33 vitiligo patients (aged, 8–78 years; 18 female and 15 males) received IVMP, a single course of daily 500 mg methylprednisolone application (8 mg/kg/day for children) for 3 consecutive days. We observed that 14 of 25 (56%) achieved stable condition without lesion progression, and 12 of 19 (63%) had more than 25% repigmentation at 6 months after IVMP. A group of Vitiligo Area Scoring Index over 10 included more patients with Vitiligo Disease Activity Score of +3 and +4 disease progression at 6 months after the IVMP. We did not observe any severe adverse events relating to the IVMP procedures. In conclusion, IVMP is a safe and effective treatment for progressive generalized vitiligo.
Assemblages of anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria in tank bromeliads exhibit a host‐specific signature
Authors: Vergne Antoine , Darbot Vincent , Bardot Corinne , Enault François , Le Jeune Anne‐Hélène , Carrias Jean‐François , Corbara Bruno , Céréghino Régis , Leroy Céline , Jeanthon Christian , Giraud Eric , Mary Isabelle , Lehours Anne‐Catherine 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (APB) are a very significant metabolic functional group in the phytotelmata of tank‐forming Bromeliaceae plants. Considering the close relationships existing between the bromeliad and its tank microbiota, the dominance of APB raises the question of their role in the ecology and evolution of these plants.

Here, using pufM gene sequencing for taxonomic profiling, we investigated the structure of APB communities in the tanks of five bromeliad species exhibiting different habitat characteristics (i.e. physicochemical factors associated with the host), and occurring in different localities of French Guiana.

We found that APB assemblages were specific to plant species and were less dependent on location or on bromeliad habitat characteristics. This convergence suggests that the identity of the bromeliad species per se is more important than habitat filtering or dispersal to control specific assembly rules for APB.

The pufM OTUs were affiliated with five orders of Alpha‐ and Beta‐proteobacteria (Rhodobacterales, Sphingomonadales, Rhizobiales, Burkholderiales and Rhodospirillales), and we assume that they may be major components of the core microbiota of plant‐held waters.

Our findings also revealed that up to 79% of the sequences were affiliated with APB clades possessing nitrogen‐fixing genes suggesting that this metabolic capability is widespread within the APB community inhabiting tank bromeliads. We hypothesized that bromeliads may benefit nutritionally from associations with free‐living APB capable to fix atmospheric nitrogen.

Synthesis. Understanding the dominance of APB in tank bromeliads and determining whether a potential interplay exists between these partners is an intriguing aspect of possible mutualistic and coevolving interactions between the two existing forms of chlorophototrophy (i.e. bacteriochlorophyll‐based anoxygenic and chlorophyll‐based oxygenic phototrophy). In the present study, we found that bromeliad species was the main factor that explained variance in APB community composition. These findings suggest that APB and tank bromeliads may have a close, mutualistic relationship and we hypothesize according to our genomic analyses that APB may promote the bromeliad growth by provisioning essential nutrients like nitrogen.
Preventing harm: A balance measure for improving the detection of fetal growth restriction
Authors: Selvaratnam Roshan J. , Wallace Euan M. , Hunt Rodney W. , Davey Mary‐Ann 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundIncreasing the detection of fetal growth restriction (FGR), while reducing stillbirth, also leads to unnecessary early intervention, and associated morbidity, for normally grown babies who are incorrectly suspected of FGR.AimsWe sought to design a balance measure that addresses the specificity of FGR detection.MethodsA retrospective cohort study on all singleton births ≥32 weeks gestation in 2016 and 2017 in Victoria. We compared two balance measures for the detection of FGR, defined as the proportion of all babies iatrogenically delivered before 39 weeks gestation for suspected FGR that had a birthweight ≥10th centile (balance measure 1) or ≥25th centile (balance measure 2). Hospital level performance on each balance measure was derived and compared to an existing performance measure for severe FGR detection in Victoria.ResultsOf the 38 hospitals analysed, 12 (32%) had a favourable performance on an existing indicator of FGR detection, seven (18%) hospitals had a favourable performance on balance measure 1, and 15 (39%) had a favourable performance on balance measure 2. There was a moderate correlation between hospital performance on the existing indicator and on balance measure 1 (r = 0.447, P = 0.005) but not balance measure 2 (r = −0.063, P = 0.71). There was no difference in perinatal mortality between high performing hospitals and low performing hospitals.ConclusionIntroducing a balance measure into routine reporting may bring greater awareness to the unintended harm associated with increased detection of FGR.
Opioid prescription at postoperative discharge: a retrospective observational cohort study
Authors: Daliya P. , Adiamah A. , Roslan F. , Theophilidou E. , Knaggs R. D. , Levy N. , Lobo D. N. ,   the opioid prescription at postoperative discharge (OPiOiD) study group
Published: March 2021

SummaryOpioid misuse is now considered a major public health epidemic in North America, with substantial social and financial consequences. As well as socio‐economic and commercial drivers, modifiable risk‐factors that have resulted in this crisis have been identified. The purpose of this study was to identify whether, within England, modifiable drivers for persistent postoperative opioid use were present. This was a retrospective cohort study of practice at 14 National Health Service hospitals across England. Data were collected retrospectively and validated for adult patients undergoing elective intermediate and major or complex major general surgical procedures between 1 and 31 March 2019. Of the 509 patients enrolled from 14 centres, 499 were included in the data analysis. In total, 31.5% (157/499) patients were in the intermediate surgery cohort and 68.5% (342/499) were in the major or complex major surgery cohort, with 21.0% (33/157) and 21.6% (74/342) discharged with opioid medicines to be taken at regular intervals, respectively. There were similar median oral morphine equivalent doses prescribed at discharge. Of patients prescribed regular opioid medicines, 76.6% (82/107) had a specified duration at discharge. However, 72.9% (78/107) had no written deprescribing advice on discharge. Similarly, of patients prescribed ‘when required’ opioids, 59.6% (93/156) had a specified duration of their prescription and 33.3% (52/156) were given written deprescribing advice. This study has identified a pattern of poor prescribing practices, a lack of guidance and formal training at individual institutions and highlights opportunities for improvement in opioid‐prescribing practices within England.
Are vancomycin dosing guidelines followed? A mixed methods study of vancomycin prescribing practices
Authors: Carland Jane E. , Stocker Sophie L. , Baysari Melissa T. , Li Crystal , Själin Jacqueline , Moran Maria A. , Tang Sarah , Sandaradura Indy , Elhage Tania , Gilbey Timothy , Williams Kenneth M. , Marriott Deborah J. E. , Day Richard O. 
Published: March 2021

AimsDespite the availability of international consensus guidelines, vancomycin dosing and therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) remain suboptimal. This study aimed to assess concordance of vancomycin dosing and TDM with institutional guidelines and to identify factors taken into consideration by clinicians when prescribing vancomycin.MethodsA retrospective audit of 163 patients receiving vancomycin therapy (≥48 hours) was undertaken. Data collected included patient characteristics, dosing history and plasma vancomycin and creatinine concentrations. Concordance of dosing and TDM with institutional guidelines was evaluated. Semi‐structured interviews, including simulated prescribing scenarios, were undertaken with prescribers (n = 17) and transcripts analysed.ResultsPlasma vancomycin concentrations (n = 1043) were collected during 179 courses of therapy. Only 24% of courses commenced with a loading dose with 72% lower than recommended. The initial maintenance dose was concordant in 42% of courses with 34% lower than recommended. Only 14% of TDM samples were trough vancomycin concentrations. Dose was not adjusted for 60% (21/35) of subtherapeutic and 43% (18/42) of supratherapeutic trough vancomycin concentrations, respectively. Interview participants reported that patient characteristics (including renal function), vancomycin concentrations, guidelines and expert advice influenced vancomycin prescribing decisions. Despite referring to guidelines when completing simulated prescribing scenarios, only 37% of prescribing decisions aligned with guideline recommendations.ConclusionPoor compliance with institutional vancomycin guidelines was observed, despite prescriber awareness of available guidelines. Multifaceted strategies to support prescriber decision‐making are required to improve vancomycin dosing and monitoring.
Changes in vascular function during breast cancer treatment
Authors: Fredslund Stine Overvad , Buus Niels Henrik , Højgaard Skjold Cecilie , Laugesen Esben , Jensen Anders Bonde , Laursen Britt Elmedal 
Published: March 2021

AimsBreast cancer (BC) survivors are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. We evaluated whether chemotherapy induces early or late vascular dysfunction in vivo.MethodsEarly‐stage BC patients (n = 33) underwent measurements of forearm blood flow (FBF), 24‐hour blood pressure (BP), aortic pulse wave velocity and inflammatory markers before (T0), 14 days after (T1) and 12 months after (T2) chemotherapy. FBF was assessed during intra‐arterial infusion of acetylcholine (ACh), ACh during simultaneous nitric oxide synthase inhibition with L‐NG‐monomethyl arginine, and during infusion of sodium nitroprusside. Controls matched by age and menopausal status were examined for baseline comparison.ResultsAt T0, absolute FBF in the BC patients did not differ from controls. At T1, ACh‐induced absolute FBF was higher compared to T0. ACh‐induced FBF decreased significantly at T2, evaluated as area under the dose–response curve, and when corrected for FBF in the contralateral arm (FBF ratio at T0: 4.05, 95% confidence interval [2.54; 5.74] and T2: 2.77 [2.41; 3.50]), without difference evident during L‐NG‐monomethyl arginine infusion. FBF during sodium nitroprusside infusion remained unchanged. Pulse wave velocity and BP remained unchanged. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (T0: 0.68 μmol/L ± 0.17, T1: 0.75 μmol/L ± 0.16) and the inflammation‐related biomarkers Cd163 (T0: 1.86 mg/L [1.68; 2.05], T1: 2.04 mg/L [1.76; 2.4]) and Cd206 (T0: 0.22 mg/L [0.19; 0.26], T1: 0.27 mg/L [0.23; 0.30]) all increased significantly at T1, but returned to baseline values at T2. L‐arginine was significantly increased at both T1 (78.5 μmol/L [68.9; 86.6]) and T2 (76.8 μmol/L [66.9; 90.6]), compared to T0 (59.6 μmol/L [53.7; 68.0]).ConclusionChemotherapy for BC seems associated with early amplification of endothelium‐dependent vasodilation and inflammation. One year after chemotherapy, microvascular dysfunction persists in terms of reduced NO‐dependent vasodilation without alterations in BP or arterial stiffness.