bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy‐based devices for the treatment of Acne Scars: 2022 International consensus recommendations
Authors: Salameh Fares , Shumaker Peter R. , Goodman Greg J. , Spring Leah K. , Seago Meghan , Alam Murad , Al‐Niaimi Firas , Cassuto Daniel , Chan Henry HL , Dierickx Christine , Donelan Matthias , Gauglitz Gerd G. , Haedersdal Merete , Krakowski Andrew C. , Manuskiatti Woraphong , Norbury William B. , Ogawa Rei , Ozog David M. , Paasch Uwe , Victor Ross E. , Clementoni Matteo Tretti , Waibel Jill , Bayat Ardeshir , Goo Boncheol Leo , Artzi Ofir 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAcne scars are one of the most distressing and long‐term consequences of acne vulgaris, with damaging effect on a person's physical, mental, and social well‐being. Numerous treatment options are available including surgical and nonsurgical techniques, depending on the clinical presentation. Although considerable advances in the development of new treatment technologies and applications have been made in the last decade, international treatment guidelines and reimbursement schemes have not yet caught up with current knowledge and practice in many centers. The authors intend to highlight the potential utility of energy‐based devices (EBDs) for acne scarring, offer recommendations for safe and efficacious treatment, and provide consensus‐based EBD treatment options based on varying presentations demonstrated in a series of real‐life clinical photographs.Study Design/Materials and MethodsAn international panel of 24 dermatologists and plastic surgeons from 12 different countries and a variety of practice backgrounds was self‐assembled to develop updated consensus recommendations for the treatment of acne scars. A two‐step modified Delphi method took place between March 2020 and February 2021 consisting of two rounds of emailed questionnaires. The panel members approved the final manuscript via email correspondence.ResultsThe manuscript includes a comprehensive discussion and panel recommendations regarding the following topics: 1. the role of EBD in mitigating and treating acne scars in a patient with active acne, 2. the use of various EBDs for the treatment of different acne scar types with special focus on commonly used laser platform such as vascular lasers, ablative fractional lasers (AFLs) and non‐AFLs (NAFLs), 3. treatment combinations, and 4. acne scar treatments in skin of color. The last part comprised of 10 photos of real‐life clinical cases with the panel recommendation treatment plan to achieve best aesthetic outcome.ConclusionPanel members were unanimous in their view that EBDs have a role in the management of acne scars, with AFLs, NAFLs, vascular lasers, and RF devices preferentially selected by most of the panel experts. EBDs are considered a first‐line treatment for a variety of acne scar types and patients without access to these treatments may not be receiving the best available care for optimal cosmetic results. Future high‐quality research and updated international treatment guidelines and reimbursement schemes should reflect this status.
A deep learning‐based method for detecting and classifying the ultrasound images of suspicious thyroid nodules
Authors: Zhao Zijian , Yang Congmin , Wang Qian , Zhang Huawei , Shi Linlin , Zhang Zhiwen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPurposeThe incidence of thyroid cancer has significantly increased in the last few decades. However, diagnosis of the thyroid nodules is labor and time intensive for radiologists and strongly depends on the personal experience of the radiologists. In this pursuit, the present study envisaged to develop a deep learning‐based computer‐aided diagnosis (CAD) method that enabled the automatic detection and classification of suspicious thyroid nodules in order to reduce the unnecessary fine‐needle aspiration biopsy.MethodsThe CAD method consisted of two main parts: detecting the location of thyroid nodules using a multiscale detection network and classifying the detected thyroid nodules by an attention‐based classification network.ResultsThe performance of the proposed method was evaluated and compared with that of other state‐of‐the‐art deep learning methods and experienced radiologists. The proposed detection method outperformed three other detection architectures (average precision, 82.1% vs. 78.3%, 77.2%, and 74.8%). Moreover, the classification method showed a superior performance compared with four other state‐of‐the‐art classification networks (accuracy, 94.8% vs. 91.2%, 85.0%, 80.8%, and 72.1%) and that by experienced radiologists (mean value of area under the curve, 0.941 vs. 0.833).ConclusionsOur study verified the high efficiency of the proposed detection method. The findings can help improve the diagnostic performance of radiologists. However, the developed CAD system requires more training and evaluation in a large‐population study.
OxyChip embedded with radio‐opaque gold nanoparticles for anatomic registration and oximetry in tissues
Authors: Kmiec Maciej M. , Hebert Kendra A. , Tse Dan , Hodge Sassan , Williams Benjamin B. , Schaner Philip E. , Kuppusamy Periannan 
Published: October 2021

PurposeElectron paramagnetic resonance oximetry using the OxyChip as an implantable oxygen sensor can directly and repeatedly measure tissue oxygen levels. A phase I, first‐in‐human clinical study has established the safety and feasibility of using OxyChip for reliable and repeated measurements of oxygen levels in a variety of tumors and treatment regimens. A limitation in these studies is the inability to easily locate and identify the implanted probes in the tissue, particularly in the long term, thus limiting spatial/anatomical registration of the implant for proper interpretation of the oxygen data. In this study, we have developed and evaluated an enhanced oxygen‐sensing probe embedded with gold nanoparticles (GNP), called the OxyChip‐GNP, to enable visualization of the sensor using routine clinical imaging modalities.MethodsIn vitro characterization, imaging, and histopathology studies were carried out using tissue phantoms, excised tissues, and in vivo animal models (mice and rats).ResultsThe results demonstrated a substantial enhancement of ultrasound and CT contrast using the OxyChip‐GNP without compromising its electron paramagnetic resonance and oxygen‐sensing properties or biocompatibility.ConclusionsThe OxyChips embedded with gold nanoparticles (OxyChip‐GNP) can be readily identified in soft tissues using standard clinical imaging modalities such as CT, cone beam‐CT, or ultrasound imaging while maintaining its capability to make repeated in vivo measurements of tissue oxygen levels over the long term. This unique capability of the OxyChip‐GNP facilitates precisely localized in vivo oxygen measurements in the clinical setting.
Effects of High Salinity on the Larviculture of Asian Seabass Lates calcarifer in Outdoor Systems
Authors: Young Benjamin C. , AlMoutiri Ibrahim 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This study estimated the survival rate and growth performance in the larviculture of Asian Seabass Lates calcarifer in extensive outdoor conditions at different levels of salinity (33, 36, 39, and 42‰) at 33.3–38.0°C. The experiments were conducted in triplicate with 1,000 larvae per outdoor 500-L fiber-reinforced plastic tank. The control group was maintained at a salinity level of 42‰ indoors. The larvae were manually counted 18 h after hatching, and larvae that were 1.26 mm in length were transferred to indoor and outdoor tanks with salinities of 33, 36, 39, and 42‰, where they were continuously monitored. To minimize cannibalism, the larvae were manually graded and monitored for survival after 14 d. The survival rate and growth performance of the developing larvae were monitored from day 21 to day 45. The best salinity level for larval survival outdoors was 33–39‰. There were significant differences between the indoor and outdoor systems in terms of survival rate (29–44%) and specific growth rate (7.5–10.5%). Overall, outdoor larviculture of Asian Seabass is feasible at 33–42‰ salinity levels.
Impact of Diuron Applications to Commercial Catfish Ponds on Musty-Odor Cyanobacteria, Musty Off-Flavor Compound Concentrations, and Channel Catfish Fillet Flavor Quality
Authors: Schrader Kevin K. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
“Musty” off-flavor in pond-raised Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus can result in an unpalatable and unmarketable product for catfish farmers in the southern United States. Certain species of cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) in the catfish ponds produce 2-methylisoborneol (MIB), which accumulates in the Channel Catfish flesh and causes musty off-flavor. One management approach available to United States catfish farmers is the application of algicides to ponds to reduce the abundance of noxious cyanobacteria. Diuron is one approved algicide to specifically manage MIB-related off-flavor caused by the common cyanobacterium Planktothrix perornata f. attenuata. In this study, three commercial ponds determined in the early summer to contain musty off-flavor Channel Catfish were monitored over approximately 2 months to determine the impact and pattern of weekly diuron applications on the abundance of P. perornata, chlorophytes (green algae), MIB concentrations in the pond water, and flavor characteristics of the sampled Channel Catfish collected during the treatment period. After several diuron applications to each pond, the abundance of P. perornata and MIB concentrations in pond water decreased dramatically. Channel Catfish in each pond were determined to be “on-flavor” approximately 2 months after the initial diuron application. This study demonstrates that diuron applied via label-specified treatment protocols provides catfish farmers with a practical management approach for P. perornata and subsequent MIB-related off-flavor.
Pain management and coping strategies for primary dysmenorrhea: A qualitative study among female nursing students
Authors: Fernández‐Martínez Elia , Pérez‐Corrales Jorge , Palacios‐Ceña Domingo , Abreu‐Sánchez Ana , Iglesias‐López María Teresa , Carrasco‐Garrido Pilar , Velarde‐García Juan Francisco 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimPrimary dysmenorrhea is a problem that affects both young and adult women, with a significant impact on their daily lives. This pain is primarily managed through the consumption of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatories and non‐pharmacological approaches such as exercise, acupressure and heat. The present study aimed to describe how Spanish university students manage dysmenorrhea.DesignQualitative case study.MethodsNursing students (N = 33) from the region of Andalusia (Spain) participated in focus groups. A purposive sampling method was used, and the data were collected through videoconferencing and subsequently analysed thematically. The guidelines for conducting qualitative studies established by the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) and the standards for reporting qualitative research (SRQR) were followed.ResultsFour principal themes were identified: (a) Strategies for pain management; (b) using painkillers; (c) choosing the ideal treatment; (d) non‐pharmacological interventions.ConclusionsThe nursing students experienced difficulties in managing primary dysmenorrhea, they self‐medicated, expressed reluctance to seek professional medical advice, used non‐pharmacological strategies and seeked advice from other women within their family/social circle.
Mobile web‐based self‐management program for breast cancer patients with chemotherapy‐induced amenorrhoea: A quasi‐experimental study
Authors: Park Jin‐Hee , Jung Yong Sik , Kim Ji Young , Bae Sun Hyoung 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to examine the effects of a mobile web‐based self‐management program on menopausal symptoms, self‐efficacy and quality of life in breast cancer patients with chemotherapy‐induced amenorrhoea.DesignA quasi‐experimental pretest–posttest design with repeated measures.MethodsThe study was carried out at a university medical centre between October 2017 and September 2018. The intervention group received a 12‐week mobile web‐based self‐management program including education and coaching/support. Multiple instruments were used to measure menopausal symptoms, self‐efficacy, and quality of life at pre‐test, after the intervention (post‐test), and 3 months post‐intervention (follow‐up test). Repeated measure ANOVA was used to analyse the data.ResultsIn the intervention group, menopausal symptoms were significantly improved compared to the control group at the follow‐up test. In the follow‐up test, the intervention group's self‐efficacy and quality of life were significantly improved, whereas that of the control group was decreased.
Identifying cues of distorted memories in intensive care by focus group interview of nurses
Authors: Fukuda Tomohide , Watanabe Naoki , Sakaki Kosuke , Monna Yuriko , Terachi Saori , Miyazaki Satoko , Kinoshita Yoshiko 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimTo determine cues to identify intensive care unit patients with distorted memories and related practices.DesignQualitative descriptive study.MethodsTwenty nurses were included in semi‐structured focus groups. Qualitative content analysis was conducted.ResultsCues and nursing practices related to distorted memories emerged under the following categories: “Get to know daily life before admission,” “Facial expressions and behaviour are different from usual,” “Pay close attention to the treatment outcome,” “Notice it after the fact,” “Sharing patients’ intensive care unit experiences” and “Creates a new life.” Nurses tried to detect distorted memories by observing the patients' facial expressions, medication effects and delirium presence during their normal lives and treatments, while trying to understand the patients' intensive care unit experiences and provide care that promotes autonomous living. This study emphasizes the importance of support for reconstructing ordinary life through communication and rehabilitation, in addition to support for medical care for distorted memories.
The effects of osteopathic manipulative treatment on pain and disability in patients with chronic neck pain: A single‐blinded randomized controlled trial
Authors: Cholewicki Jacek , Popovich Jr John M. , Reeves N. Peter , DeStefano Lisa A. , Rowan Jacob J. , Francisco Timothy J. , Prokop Lawrence L. , Zatkin Mathew A. , Lee Angela S. , Sikorskii Alla , Pathak Pramod K. , Choi Jongeun , Radcliffe Clark J. , Ramadan Ahmed 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundNeck pain (NP) affects up to 70% of individuals at some point in their lives. Systematic reviews indicate that manual treatments can be moderately effective in the management of chronic, nonspecific NP. However, there is a paucity of studies specifically evaluating the efficacy of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT).ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of OMT in reducing pain and disability in patients with chronic NP.DesignSingle‐blinded, cross‐over, randomized‐controlled trial.SettingUniversity‐based, osteopathic manipulative medicine outpatient clinic.ParticipantsNinety‐seven participants, 21 to 65 years of age, with chronic, nonspecific NP.InterventionsParticipants were randomized to two trial arms: immediate OMT intervention or waiting period first. The intervention consisted of three to four OMT sessions over 4 to 6 weeks, after which the participants switched groups.Main Outcome MeasuresPrimary outcome measures were pain intensity (average and current) on the numerical rating scale and Neck Disability Index. Secondary outcomes included Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System‐29 (PROMIS‐29) health domains and Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire. Outcomes obtained prior to the cross‐over allocation were evaluated using general linear models and after adjusting for baseline values.ResultsA total of 38 and 37 participants were available for the analysis in the OMT and waiting period groups, respectively. The results showed significantly better primary outcomes in the immediate OMT group for reductions in average pain (−1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] −1.72, −0.32; p = .005), current pain (−1.02, 95% CI −1.75, −0.30; p = .006), disability (−5.30%, 95% CI −9.2%, −1.3%; p = .010) and improved secondary outcomes (PROMIS) related to sleep (−3.25, 95% CI −6.95, −1.54; p = .003), fatigue (−3.26, 95% CI −6.04, −0.48; p = .022), and depression (−2.59, 95% CI −4.73, −0.45; p = .018). The effect sizes were in the clinically meaningful range between 0.5 and 1 standard deviation. No study‐related serious adverse events were reported.ConclusionsOMT is relatively safe and effective in reducing pain and disability along with improving sleep, fatigue, and depression in patients with chronic NP immediately following treatment delivered over approximately 4 to 6 weeks.
Physiotherapy student clinical placements in Australian private practice: Patient‐reported outcomes with supervised student care
Authors: Chia Ruo Xin , Gomersall Sjaan R. , Fooken Jonas , Birch Stephen , Dinsdale Alana , Dunwoodie Ruth , Forbes Roma 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeThe sustainability of physiotherapy clinical placements is an ongoing challenge, yet there is potential to increase placement capacity within the private practice sector. Barriers to hosting students, including perceived impacts on patient care, reportedly limit the uptake of hosting students within this setting. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of physiotherapy student involvement on patient‐reported Global Rating of Change (GRoC) in Australian physiotherapy private practice care.MethodsA cross‐sectional, patient survey study was conducted in three private physiotherapy practices over two 5‐week periods. At their completion of care, participants completed the survey seeking demographic information, GRoC and aspects of care including number of consultations involving students, proportion of physiotherapy time involving students and frequency of student involvement in treatment delivery. After accounting for clinic‐level differences, ordinal logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the impact of supervised student care on GRoC.Results119 participants across three practices completed the survey. There were no significant associations between patient‐reported GRoC and: (1) student involvement in patient care; (2) number of consultations involving students; (3) proportion of physiotherapy time involving students; or (4) frequency of student involvement in treatment delivery (p > 0.05).ConclusionsSupervised student care in private physiotherapy practice does not appear to have a detrimental impact on patient‐reported outcomes. These findings may address concerns relating to student involvement in patient care within this setting. Future research should address economic and service delivery impacts of supervised student care on private practices.
Influence of biotic and abiotic factors on home range size and shape of invasive wild pigs (Sus scrofa)
Authors: Clontz Lindsay M , Pepin Kim M , VerCauteren Kurt C , Beasley James C 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDDetermining factors influencing animal movements at a temporal scale that is similar to that at which management actions are conducted (e.g. weekly) is crucial for identifying efficient methods of wildlife conservation and management. Using global positioning system (GPS) data from 49 wild pigs in the southeast United States, we constructed weekly 50% and 95% utilization distributions to quantify the effects of biotic and abiotic factors on weekly core area and home range size, as well as home range shape.RESULTSWe found vegetative composition (i.e. proportion of bottomland hardwoods), season (based on forage availability), meteorological conditions (i.e. temperature and pressure), and sex influenced wild pig weekly home range and core area size, while vegetative composition (i.e. proportion of upland pines) and landscape features (i.e. distance to streams) also were important factors influencing home range shape. At close distances to streams, wild pigs had more elongate home ranges when their home ranges comprised less upland pine habitat; however, farther from streams, there was no change in home range shape across fluctuating proportions of upland pines.CONCLUSIONThese results demonstrate that fine‐scale wild pig home ranges and movements are pliable from week to week and influenced by several habitat, landscape, and meteorological attributes that can easily be quantified from available land use and meteorological databases. These findings are important for designing monitoring studies, identifying high risk zones for disease transmission, planning response to disease emergence events, and allowing more effective and efficient short‐term management planning.
Deterring the Movement of an Invasive Fish: Individual Variation in Common Carp Responses to Acoustic and Stroboscopic Stimuli
Authors: Bzonek P. A. , Edwards P. D. , Hasler C. T. , Suski C. D. , Boonstra R. , Mandrak N. E. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBiological invasions erode ecosystem functioning and occur more frequently in freshwater ecosystems than in terrestrial environments. Nonphysical deterrents may be used to limit invasive fish dispersal, without altering the streamflow or connectivity of a watershed. Little is currently known about how behavioral variation among individuals may affect the efficacy of a deterrent, although such variation has been shown to affect fish dispersal in other contexts, such as range expansion. Furthermore, deterrent effectiveness is rarely tested when fish are motivated to disperse. Across a control, CO2, and CO2 + deterrent treatment, we quantified the avoidance response of invasive Common Carp Cyprinus carpio to a combined acoustic‐stroboscopic deterrent. In the CO2 treatment, we motivated individuals to enter a novel environment by degrading the home chamber of a choice arena with a continuous infusion of CO2. In the CO2 + deterrent treatment we introduced acoustic and stroboscopic stimuli to delay the departure of the fish and evaluate the efficacy of the deterrent. Finally, we tested a subset of the fish multiple times to determine whether they consistently responded to the same concentration of CO2. We found that the acoustic and stroboscopic deterrent could detain the fish in an increasingly unfavorable environment. Common Carp took only 195 and 131 s, respectively, to swim between the chambers during the control and CO2 treatment but took an average of 596 s in the CO2 + deterrent treatment. High CO2 concentrations in the CO2 + deterrent treatment led to most fish eventually dispersing toward the deterrent stimuli. Avoidance behavior varied widely within the CO2 + deterrent treatment, and Common Carp expressed repeatable differences in the tank‐inflow CO2 concentrations that were observed during chamber departure. Such interindividual variation in deterrent avoidance indicates that some individuals within a given species are more likely to move past a deterrent than others.
An Introduction to the Problems of Surrogacy and the Demands from Civil Society
Authors: Bandelli Daniela 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe images of 40 babies crammed into the Venice Hotel in Kiev, waiting to be picked up by their parents who are stuck in their countries due to the March/April 2020 lockdown, revealed to world public opinion the fallibility of the transnational system of surrogacy. By prolonging the time between leaving the surrogate’s body and delivery to the parents, the lockdown revealed in slow motion the unavoidable aspect of any surrogacy: the passage of a baby from one contractor to another. The Kiev case is used to introduce some of the most discussed controversies that revolve around the diffusion of transnational surrogacy, the limitation of national-based policy making, opposing demands coming from different social movements and challenges that surrogacy poses to society.