bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Public Financial Management for Sustainable Development Goals: Challenges, Experiences, and Perspectives
Authors: Manes Rossi Francesca , Brusca Isabel , Cohen Sandra , Caperchione Eugenio , Thomasson Anna 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe special issue critically explores how public sector financial management can support the achievement of sustainable development and how it can act in the service of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It aims to encourage further research in the field, while also drawing on findings from the eight papers included, which touch on important areas of research in the nexus between public financial management and the SDGs and specifically: (1) Reporting on SDGs: This is an area that deserves further attention, even moving beyond the theories already adopted to investigate the topic. (2) Embedding sustainability into operations: Sustainable development requires the adoption of methods and tools that can enhance sustainability‐related action at the public sector entity level. (3) SDGs and calculative practices: The use of calculative practices in SDGs reporting can help to take a meaningful step from a symbolic to a substantive approach to sustainability, but the unintended consequences of performativity in promoting sustainable development need to be further investigated. (4) Environmental reporting and SDGs: While environmental reporting is a dominant theme in sustainable development, further research on climate change and environmental disclosure in the public sector is required. In addition, the special issue draws attention to some further dimensions: the governance for SDGs achievement, the assurance of SDGs reporting, and the creation of citizen‐driven demand for reporting on SDGs achievement in a digital environment.
Impact of Virtual Reality on Perception of Dental Pain Associated With Dental Scaling in Healthy Adults: A Split Mouth Design Randomised Controlled Study
Authors: Menon Suma N. , George Berdy Babu 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAim of the StudyThe aim of the study is to investigate the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) in mitigating pain associated with dental scaling procedures. Furthermore, the study aims to evaluate individuals' tolerance levels to VR during dental scaling sessions.Materials and MethodsA randomised split‐mouth design study was conducted on 29 systemically healthy adult patients aged 18 years and above. Dental scaling was performed in two quadrants while wearing VR glasses, with the remaining quadrants undergoing the procedure without VR. The sequence of procedures was determined by random allocation. Patients were provided with VR glasses loaded with a mobile phone. After the procedure, patients were asked to complete a VR questionnaire. The primary outcome variables included pain scores with and without VR, while secondary variables included VR experience scores, baseline heart rate (HR), difference in HR, systolic blood pressure (BP), diastolic BP, difference in systolic BP, and difference in diastolic BP.ResultsAll 29 subjects successfully completed the study. Paired analysis of outcome variables with and without VR glasses revealed a statistically significant difference in pain scores (two‐tailed p < 0.001). Additionally, a strong positive correlation was observed between VR experience score and difference in pain score (γ = 0.78, p < 0.001). While positive correlations between modified dental anxiety scale (MDAS) score and pain scores were observed, they were not highly significant (without VR: γ = 0.31 p = 0.097, with VR: γ = 0.34 p = 0.072).ConclusionsThe VR environment significantly diminished pain perception during dental scaling. Participants who experienced the VR setting more positively reported an even greater decline in pain scores, highlighting the profound impact of immersive technology on patient comfort.
Tweet Sentiments: Understanding X (Twitter) Users' Perceptions of the Russia–Ukrainian Crisis on Consumer Behavior and the Economy
Authors: Das Subhankar , Mondal Subhra , Majerova Jana , Vartiak Lukas , Vrana Vasiliki G. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe invasion of Ukraine by Russia has caused harm, leading to loss of life and homes being destroyed. These tragic consequences have impacted all levels of society and sparked economic outrage. When evaluating the aftermath of the conflict, it is crucial to recognize the role played by media platforms like Twitter in amplifying the effects on individuals and communities. The widespread influence of Twitter directly influences consumers and their behaviors. Researchers have employed sentiment analysis to study the messages shared on Twitter within market contexts and the global economy. This analysis is valuable for understanding people's viewpoints on subjects or incidents. In a study, researchers examined a dataset comprising 27,926 tweets gathered between 20 February 2022, and 19 February 2023. The study aimed to highlight how the invasion impacted sectors and regions regarding conditions alongside related sanctions. The conclusions drawn from this research hold implications for business sectors, markets, and their functioning. Furthermore, it offers insights into how the public perceives the ongoing war, which has academic and industrial ramifications of its own. The manuscript explores computational methods used to analyze sentiment on Twitter, uncovering the complex interplay between consumer actions and social media within the Russian–Ukraine conflict.
‘Silent Needs and Hidden Desires’: Nurses‘ Perceptions of Sexual Healthcare for People With Physical and/or Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Granero‐Molina José , Rodríguez Sastre Laura , Jiménez‐Lasserrotte María del Mar , Correa‐Casado Matías , Fernández‐Férez Alba , Fernández‐Medina Isabel María 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAim and ObjectivesTo describe nurses' perceptions of sexual healthcare for people with physical and/or intellectual disabilities.BackgroundNurses are responsible for meeting the fundamental needs of people with physical and/or intellectual disabilities, yet there are still issues when it comes to their sexuality. Sexual assistants can help people with physical and/or intellectual disabilities to meet their sexual needs, but little is known about these invisible, unregulated care providers.DesignQualitative descriptive study.MethodsThe study was conducted in a region of southern Spain. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 22 nurses aged 23–41 years, who had provided care to people with physical and/or intellectual disabilities. The participants' experiences were explored through semi‐structured interviews conducted between November 2022 and May 2023.FindingsThree main themes were extracted from the data analysis: (1) the need to increase the visibility of people with physical and/or intellectual disabilities sexuality, (2) sexual assistance: a conspiracy of silence and (3) defining the role of sexual assistants.ConclusionAccording to the nurses, sexual assistants are still unregulated care providers who carry out their work in anonymity. Sexual assistants support people with physical and/or intellectual disabilities in the whole spectrum of their sexuality; in addition to sexual pleasure, they provide opportunities for bonding, affection, physical contact, stimulation or caressing. Nurses are committed to normalising the role of sexual assistants and regulating their services within a sound legal framework. Health professionals need to include specific training on sexual assistance in their training programmes.Relevance to Clinical PracticeUnderstanding how nurses perceive the sexual needs of people with physical and/or intellectual disabilities, as well as the role of sexual assistants, who could improve this group of people's quality of life by providing them care in different healthcare settings.No Patient or Public Contribution.
Barriers in the Transition From School to Work: How Student Financial Adversity Predicts Deprioritizing Jobs With the Best Long‐Term Career Progression
Authors: Buzan Julia , Sheehy‐Skeffington Jennifer 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTDespite education's potential to reshape societal inequalities, recent gains in broadening university access across the socioeconomic spectrum have not translated into parallel gains in the transition from school to work. This work applies a socioecological approach to understanding this pattern, considering the role of job factors and individual financial background in shaping undergraduate student job choices and perceived career prospects. In two discrete choice experiments (n = 800) UK undergraduate students chose between pairs of job descriptions varying primarily along two dimensions: immediate versus delayed benefits (e.g., starting salary vs. salary progression), and concrete versus abstract benefits (e.g., salary vs. values fit). The findings suggest that career choice may be shaped by socioeconomic constraints above and beyond individual preferences for meaningful work, while the relationship between financial strain and career pessimism is mediated by inequalities in perceived control over life outcomes and personal connections to the job.
Zebrafish Dark‐Dependent Behavior Requires Phototransduction by the Pineal Gland
Authors: Wexler Yair , Huang Dengfeng , Medvetzky Adar , Armbruster Daniel , Driever Wolfgang , Yan Jun , Gothilf Yoav 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTLocated dorsally underneath a thin translucent skull in many teleosts, the pineal gland is a photoreceptive organ known as a key element of the circadian clock system. Nevertheless, the presence of additional routes of photoreception presents a challenge in determining its specific roles in regulating photic‐related behavior. Here, we show the importance of the pineal gland in mediating a prolonged motor response of zebrafish larvae to sudden darkness, both as a photodetector and as a circadian pacemaker. This was evident by a reduced motor response of Bsx‐deficient larvae, lacking a pineal gland, to sudden darkness. Moreover, the typical daily rhythm of the intensity of this response was lost in the pineal‐less larvae. In contrast, motor response to a sudden increase in illumination was unaffected. Furthermore, we show that the pineal‐mediated behavioral response to darkness requires two elements: the photoreceptor cells and the projecting neurons. Dark response was impaired in larvae whose pineal photoreceptor cells were genetically ablated and in larvae whose pineal projecting neurons had undergone laser‐axotomy. This study thus establishes the pineal gland as a mediator of dark‐dependent behavior and reveals underlying cellular components involved in transducing information about darkness to the brain.
Treatment Adherence, Internalised Stigma and Recovery Among Individuals Diagnosed With Schizophrenia in Eastern Turkey
Authors: Ayhan Cemile Hurrem , Aktas Mehmet Cihad , Aktas Sakine , Keskiner Mehmet Sinan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroduction and AimThis study aimed to assess the relationship between treatment adherence, internalised stigma, recovery and the mediating effect of internalised stigma on these relations in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia.MethodThis study was conducted using a cross‐sectional design. A purposive sample of 107 individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia receiving psychiatric outpatient care at outpatient clinics and community mental health services (CMHC) affiliated with SBU Van research and education hospital was recruited for this study. The data were collected by the following tools: sociodemographic data questionnaire, the internalised stigma in mental illnesses scale, the medication adherence rating scale and recovery assessment scale.ResultsThe study participants reported low levels of treatment adherence, high levels of internalised stigma and moderate levels of recovery. Furthermore, we found a weak negative correlation between internalised stigma and treatment adherence. There was a moderate negative correlation between internalised stigma and recovery. Additionally, it was found that internalised stigma has fully mediating effect on the relation between treatment adherence and recovery.Implications for PracticeThe results of this study can guide mental health nurses in developing tailored interventions and support programmes to improve this population's treatment adherence, recovery and overall mental health outcomes.
DNA Ligase I Circularises Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid RNA in a Biomolecular Condensate
Authors: Wang Yunhan , Ma Junfei , Hao Jie , Liu Bin , Wang Ying 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTViroids are single‐stranded circular noncoding RNAs that mainly infect crops. Upon infection, nuclear‐replicating viroids engage host DNA‐dependent RNA polymerase II for RNA‐templated transcription, which is facilitated by a host protein TFIIIA‐7ZF. The sense‐strand and minus‐strand RNA intermediates are differentially localised to the nucleolus and nucleoplasm regions, respectively. The factors and function underlying the differential localisation of viroid RNAs have not been fully elucidated. The sense‐strand RNA intermediates are cleaved into linear monomers by a yet‐to‐be‐identified RNase III‐type enzyme and ligated to form circular RNA progeny by DNA ligase I (LIG1). The subcellular compartment for the ligation reaction has not been characterised. Here, we show that LIG1 and potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) colocalise near the nucleolar region in Nicotiana benthamiana protoplasts. The colocalised region is also the highly condensed region of sense‐strand PSTVd RNA, indicating that PSTVd RNA and LIG1 form a biomolecular condensate for RNA processing. This finding expands the function of biomolecular condensates to the infection of subviral pathogens. In addition, this knowledge of viroid biogenesis will contribute to exploring thousands of viroid‐like RNAs that have been recently identified.
Patterns of Comorbidity, Disability, and Home Health Care Service for Older Adults With Physical Disability: A Latent Class Analysis and Visualized Illustration
Authors: Yi Zi'an , Li Jiawei , Liang Hong , Cai Lingying , Luo Jingjing , Liang Yan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTUnderstanding the relationships between comorbidity, disability, and home health‐care services aids in user‐centered care design. This study identifies patterns of these factors among older adults with physical disability living at home and explores their associations. This cross‐sectional study included community‐dwelling older adults assessed for Long‐term Care Insurance from September 1 to December 31, 2018, in Yiwu, Zhejiang, China. We analyzed deidentified data on sociodemographics, physical disability, chronic conditions, and care plans for 1882 participants using latent class analysis and multinomial logistic regression. Five comorbidity patterns (other sporadic diseases, cancer comorbidity, other sporadic comorbidities, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, and fracture) and four home health‐care service patterns (assistance & facilitation of elimination, bedridden assistance & stoma care, bedside assistance & stoma care, and assistance & tube feeding) were identified. Four disability patterns emerged (bedridden without incontinence, bedridden & with upper limb mobility, off‐bed & ADLs limited, and bedridden with incontinence). Complex associations between these patterns were observed. The study highlights the heterogeneity and complexity of the above patterns, emphasizing the importance of person‐centered home health‐care services and technology‐supported care strategies.
Photodynamic therapy as a potential approach for preventing fungal spread associated with the use of endotracheal tubes
Authors: dos Santos Gabriel Grube , Zangirolami Amanda Cristina , Ferreira Vicente Maria Luiza , Bagnato Vanderlei Salvador , Blanco Kate Cristina 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFungal infections related to biofilm formation on medical devices, such as endotracheal tubes (ETTs), pose significant health risks, especially during intubation procedures where fungi like Candida spp. can migrate into the lower respiratory tract. This study explores the use of Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) to prevent fungal cell migration from ETT surfaces to lungs, focusing on the role of curcumin as a photosensitizer. ETTs were coated with varying concentrations of curcumin, and biofilm formation was measured after applying PDT with a 50 J/cm2 irradiation dose. The study found that ETTs functionalized with a one‐third concentration of CUR reduced biofilm formation by 1.78 Log, significantly lowering microbial load and potentially decreasing hospital‐acquired infections. Confocal fluorescence microscopy confirmed that PDT damaged the biofilm's extracellular matrix and caused detachment of dead fungal cells. Moreover, the fluorescence analysis reveals the photodegradation behavior of the photosensitizer within the tube, providing critical insights into its stability and durability, which are essential for evaluating the long‐term applicability of these tubes in clinical settings. These results suggest PDT as a promising strategy to reduce fungal infections in high‐risk patients, offering potential for future clinical application in preventing device‐associated infections.
Gender equality frames do not impact public support for economic relief policy in times of crisis: A survey experiment
Authors: Asticher Lisa , Sager Fritz 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis article investigates the effect of gender equality frames on public support for economic relief policies in the context of the Covid‐19 pandemic and economic crisis. Data stem from a survey experiment conducted in the German‐speaking part of Switzerland during Summer 2021. In the survey, a representative sample of the population was asked to read descriptive texts randomly using gender equality or universal frames about two different economic relief policies, before rating the policies. Results show that gender equality frames do not have a significant effect on public support for the economic relief policies during the crisis. This paper solidifies previous findings regarding emergency settings and public policy support by showing that a crisis setting strongly increases public policy support.
The role of soil properties and temperature on soil organic carbon decomposition: Stronger influences than bacterial communities and pool‐specific responses to warming
Authors: Liu Chaoyang , Tian Haixia , Li Ni , Tao Kelin , Lu Guannan , Wang Ziquan , Ma Zejun , Megharaj Mallavarapu , He Wenxiang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSoil organic carbon (SOC) is the largest carbon pool in terrestrial ecosystems and is crucial for regulating climate change dynamics. Yet, the relationship between SOC's chemical structure and microbial community composition remains elusive, especially under varying temperature conditions. This study investigates soil samples from four distinct cropland sites. The samples were incubated at 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40°C for 200 days. High‐throughput sequencing technology and solid‐state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR) spectroscopy were employed in the analysis. Additionally, a data assimilation approach was applied to estimate parameters for three C pools (active, slow and passive) based on time‐series data. Results indicated that the Q10 values of the C pools increased with resistance to decomposition and decreased as incubation temperature rose. SOC cumulative decomposition was positively correlated with alkyl C/O‐alkyl C ratio (A/O_A), reflecting the degree of SOC degradation. The response of the C pool Q10, chemical structure and bacterial community composition to temperature was site‐specific. Firmicutes and proteobacteria showed negative correlations with carbohydrates and positive correlations with aromatic C–O. Interestingly, the interaction between C functional groups and the bacterial community only affects changes in soil C within the active pool. Moreover, soil properties (C/N ratio and clay content) and mean annual temperature (MAT) are the main factors regulating active, slow and passive C pools, respectively. This study demonstrates that in agricultural soils, clay content and carbon quality have a more significant impact on SOC decomposition under increasing temperatures than the bacterial community. Our study highlights the roles of soil properties in the carbon pools of agricultural ecosystems. Future research should explore how these factors govern SOC decomposition, which is crucial for developing effective management strategies to address climate change.
Anticoagulants for the Control of the Common Vampire Bat (Desmodus rotundus)
Authors: Ávila‐Vargas Laura , Soler‐Tovar Diego , Dong Quan , Escobar Luis E. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn Latin America, there is a high incidence of vampire bat‐transmitted rabies in cattle causing increased mortality of livestock, which heavily impacts the agricultural sector. Anticoagulants‐based control methods for the common vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus) have been employed continuously since the 1970s with various methods of application, presentations, doses and active ingredients. Studies from half a century ago still serve as a reference for the current use of anticoagulants for bat‐borne rabies control in Latin America. The objective of this study was to structurally and bibliometrically review literature on the use of anticoagulants for the control of D. rotundus as a means of rabies control.Materials & MethodsScientific literature on the use of anticoagulant products for D. rotundus control was obtained, reviewed and analysed. Articles were retrieved from Scopus and Web of Science databases. Research articles from 1971 to 2021 in Spanish, English and Portuguese were included in the review. Results were visualised using RStudio, Bibliometrix and VOSviewer.ResultsThe body of literature indicates effectiveness of up to 100% in the use of anticoagulants to induce bat mortality. The effectiveness of anticoagulants for rabies control, however, remains uncertain. No evidence was found to support or refute the use of anticoagulants for rabies control.DiscussionInstead, literature suggests that disturbing bat colonies increases rabies prevalence. This finding suggests that anticoagulants may have the opposite intended effect on rabies control and highlights the importance of further research on the practical methods for bat‐borne rabies prevention.ConclusionField experimental studies that include control groups over areas and periods that account for D. rotundus ecology are needed to determine the effectiveness of anticoagulants for rabies control in livestock. In conclusion, the use of anticoagulants for rabies control is questionable.
Effect of Blade Damage on Low Pressure Ratio Fan Windmill Aerodynamics
Authors: Medina Cassillas Sofía I. , Castillo Pardo Alejandro , Hall Cesare A. , Mohankumar Ben 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Fan windmill occurs when power to a turbofan is cut during flight and the airflow through the engine causes the fan to freewheel, often following fan damage. The fan rotational speed and drag during windmill determine the loads transmitted to the airframe, and these depend on the fan damage sustained. Idealized patterns of axisymmetric and non-axisymmetric damage have been studied using high-resolution measurements in a flow-field representative of a low pressure ratio fan in combination with steady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) simulations to understand the impact on the windmill flow field. Axisymmetric tip damage decreases the windmill rotational speed by 61% when 25% of the blade span is removed due to a shift in the zero-work radius. The reduced blade span creates an intense tip vortex and redistributes the flow, increasing the axial velocity above the damaged tip. For non-axisymmetric damage, there is still work output at the blade tip, such that removing 25% of half the blades with varying damage pitch to chord reduces the fan rotational speed by 9–13% compared to undamaged windmill. Phase-averaged hot-wire measurements show that this additional rotor work is due to radial flow redistribution combined with turning of the flow in the passages above the damaged blades.