bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of structural and process quality of family planning Care in Modern Contraceptive use in Indonesia: a multilevel analysis
Authors: Nurjaeni Nurjaeni , Sawangdee Yothin , Pattaravanich Umaporn , Holumyong Charamporn , Chamratrithirong Aphichat 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Introduction
Despite contraceptive behaviors are influenced by multiple and multilevel variables, studies on modern contraceptive use in Indonesia has concentrated on single-level and mostly individual and household variables, and less interest has been devoted to multilevel analysis that accounts for community and SDP characteristics that may affect woman’s decision to use modern FP method. This study aimed to assess the role of structural and process quality of family planning care in modern contraceptive use among women in reproductive ages in Indonesia.

Methods
This study analyzed data from the 2016 PMA2020 survey of 10,210 women in 372 enumeration areas in Indonesia. The data were analyzed using categorical principal component analysis and multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression.

Results
The key variables for structural quality were number of contraceptive provided, SDP supports CHWs, available water and electricity, and skilled FP personnel, while the main factors for process quality were privacy of clients and provision of post-abortion service. There were significant differences across communities in how study variables associated with modern FP adoption. The finding shows the evidence of significant roles of structural and process quality FP care in modern contraceptive use. Moreover, women with high autonomy in FP decision, those who had free national/district health insurance, and those living in a community with higher proportion of women visited by CHW, had higher odds of modern contraceptive usage. Yet, women who live in a community with higher mean ideal number of children or greater proportion of women citing personal/husband/religion opposition to FP, had lower odds of modern contraceptive use than their counterparts.

Conclusion
Study findings suggest improvement in structural and process quality of FP care will yield substantial growths in modern contraceptive use. Moreover, FP workers should also address adverse cultural/traditional customs in community and should target communities where the demand for modern FP was degraded by opposing social beliefs and norms. There was significant variation across communities in how individual, household, community, and SDP factors affect modern FP practice, hence, context should be taken into consideration in the development of FP intervention and promotion programs.
Factors affecting Baker cyst volume, with emphasis on cartilage lesion degree and effusion in the young and middle-aged population
Authors: Saylik Murat , Gokkus Kemal , Sahin M. S. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
The principal aim of this study was to investigate the presence of factors affecting Baker’s cyst volume in young and middle-aged populations.

Methods
Open cyst excision with valve and capsule repair, as well as knee arthroscopy, were used to treat eighty-five patients. The cases were categorized in terms of age, effusion, chondral lesion degree, meniscal tear degree, and Lindgren scores. An ultrasonography (USG) device was used to calculate the cyst volume. The IBM-SPSS 22 program was used for statistical analysis and to assess the relationships between variables using Spearman’s correlation tests.

Results
The degree of chondral lesion was moderately and positively correlated with cyst volume in the total population (correlation coefficient: 0.469; p < 0.05).
The degree of the chondral lesion was moderately and positively correlated with the degree of effusion (correlation coefficient: 0.492; p < 0.005). The cyst volume was weakly and positively correlated with the degree of effusion (correlation coefficient: 0.20; the correlation was at the limits of statistical significance p = 0.07 < 0.08).

Conclusions
This study revealed that an increase in chondral lesion severity increases the amount of effusion and cyst volume.
Socio-protective effects of active case finding on catastrophic costs from tuberculosis in Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam: a longitudinal patient cost survey
Authors: Vo Luan Nguyen Quang , Forse Rachel Jeanette , Codlin Andrew James , Dang Ha Minh , Van Truong Vinh , Nguyen Lan Huu , Nguyen Hoa Binh , Nguyen Nhung Viet , Sidney-Annerstedt Kristi , Lonnroth Knut , Squire S Bertel , Caws Maxine , Worrall Eve , de Siqueira-Filha Noemia Teixeira 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Many tuberculosis (TB) patients incur catastrophic costs. Active case finding (ACF) may have socio-protective properties that could contribute to the WHO End TB Strategy target of zero TB-affected families suffering catastrophic costs, but available evidence remains limited. This study measured catastrophic cost incurrence and socioeconomic impact of an episode of TB and compared those socioeconomic burdens in patients detected by ACF versus passive case finding (PCF).

Methods
This cross-sectional study fielded a longitudinal adaptation of the WHO TB patient cost survey alongside an ACF intervention from March 2018 to March 2019. The study was conducted in six intervention (ACF) districts and six comparison (PCF) districts of Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. Fifty-two TB patients detected through ACF and 46 TB patients in the PCF cohort were surveyed within two weeks of treatment initiation, at the end of the intensive phase of treatment, and after treatment concluded. The survey measured income, direct and indirect costs, and socioeconomic impact based on which we calculated catastrophic cost as the primary outcome. Local currency was converted into US$ using the average exchange rates reported by OANDA for the study period (VNĐ1 = US$0.0000436, 2018–2019). We fitted logistic regressions for comparisons between the ACF and PCF cohorts as the primary exposures and used generalized estimating equations to adjust for autocorrelation.

Results
ACF patients were poorer than PCF patients (multidimensional poverty ratio: 16 % vs. 7 %; p = 0.033), but incurred lower median pre-treatment costs (US$18 vs. US$80; p < 0.001) and lower median total costs (US$279 vs. US$894; p < 0.001). Fewer ACF patients incurred catastrophic costs (15 % vs. 30 %) and had lower odds of catastrophic cost (aOR = 0.17; 95 % CI: [0.05, 0.67]; p = 0.011), especially during the intensive phase (OR = 0.32; 95 % CI: [0.12, 0.90]; p = 0.030). ACF patient experienced less social exclusion (OR = 0.41; 95 % CI: [0.18, 0.91]; p = 0.030), but more often resorted to financial coping mechanisms (OR = 5.12; 95 % CI: [1.73, 15.14]; p = 0.003).

Conclusions
ACF can be effective in reaching vulnerable populations and mitigating the socioeconomic burden of TB, and can contribute to achieving the WHO End TB Strategy goals. Nevertheless, as TB remains a catastrophic life event, social protection efforts must extend beyond ACF.
Response of bread wheat to sulfur and phosphorus fertilizers in the north central Ethiopia
Authors: Assefa Shawl , Haile Wassie , Tena Wondwosen 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Emerging research evidences since few years back are indicating that sulfur (S) is becoming a limiting nutrient in some Ethiopian soils. However, these evidences are not sufficient to make a solid conclusion that some soils of Ethiopia have became deficient in S. There is also limited information on the interaction effects of S and phosphorus (P) on bread wheat in Ethiopia. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of S and P fertilizers; and their interaction on yield components and yield of bread wheat grown at Gerba and Deneba locations, Northern central Ethiopia. A factorial experiment consisting of three levels (0, 15 and 30 kg ha−1) of S and four levels (0, 11, 22 and 44 kg ha−1) of P was laid out in RCB design with three replications.

Results
Results revealed that yield components and yield of wheat were significantly affected by both main and interaction effects of S and P fertilizers in both locations. At Gerba, S applied at 15 and 30 kg ha−1 increased grain yield (GY) of wheat by 32 and 44% over untreated control treatment, respectively. The corresponding increases at Deneba were 29 and 37% over untreated control treatment, respectively. However, significantly higher GY was obtained with treatments involving combined application of S and P than that obtained with single application of S or P. GY gains due to S and P interaction effect ranged from 46–65 to 52–75% over untreated control treatment at Gerba and Deneba, respectively. Optimum GY of wheat was obtained with treatment involving 15 kg S ha−1 + 22 kg P ha−1.

Conclusion
The results of this experiment revealed that application of P and S fertilizer has significantly increased yield component, grain and straw yield of wheat compared to unfertilized control plot, indicating insufficient soil P and S content for optimum production of wheat and this was confirmed by very low soil test values of S in both sites. Combined application of S and P produced significantly higher yield of wheat than that obtained with single application of S or P indicating synergistic interaction between these nutrients. In all cases, optimum grain and straw yield of wheat was obtained with treatment involving at 22 P + 15 S kg ha−1, while a partial budget analysis result revealed that a combination of 22P and 15S kg ha−1 produced the highest MMR (54.9%). Thus this treatment is found to be economically feasible treatment for bread wheat production in study area of the district.
Report on the 19th international symposium on geo-disaster reduction/high-level academic forum on disaster mitigation and integrated risk defense on the Plateau, 12–15 July 2021, Xining, China
Authors: Liu Fenggui , Zhu Guolong , Wang Fawu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe joint event of 19th International Symposium on Geo-disaster Reduction (19ISGdR) and High-Level Academic Forum on Disaster Mitigation and Integrated Risk Defense on the Plateau was held on 11–15 July in Xining, Qinghai Province, China, focusing on the theme of “Geological disaster and integrated risk defense”. This event consisted of keynote lectures, invited lectures, and Youth forum, which provided a platform for scientists, industrial professionals and young scholars to share their research progress and exchange novel ideas on geo-disaster reduction in a hybrid way of offline and online. A post-symposium field trip for three days was also conducted in the joint area between Qinghai-Tibet plateau and Loess plateau.
Huntingtin CAG expansion impairs germ layer patterning in synthetic human 2D gastruloids through polarity defects
Authors: Galgoczi Szilvia , Ruzo Albert , Markopoulos Christian , Yoney Anna , Phan-Everson Tien , Li Shu , Haremaki Tomomi , Metzger Jakob J. , Etoc Fred , Brivanlou Ali H. 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Huntington's disease (HD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by an expansion of the CAG repeats in the huntingtin gene (HTT). Although HD has been shown to have a developmental component, how early during human embryogenesis the HTT-CAG expansion can cause embryonic defects remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate a specific and highly reproducible CAG length-dependent phenotypic signature in a synthetic model for human gastrulation derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Specifically, we observed a reduction in the extension of the ectodermal compartment that is associated with enhanced activin signaling. Surprisingly, rather than a cell-autonomous effect, tracking the dynamics of TGFβ signaling demonstrated that HTT-CAG expansion perturbs the spatial restriction of activin response. This is due to defects in the apicobasal polarization in the context of the polarized epithelium of the 2D gastruloid, leading to ectopic subcellular localization of TGFβ receptors. This work refines the earliest developmental window for the prodromal phase of HD to the first 2 weeks of human development, as modeled by our 2D gastruloids.
Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol inhibits Hedgehog-dependent patterning during development
Authors: Lo Hsiao-Fan , Hong Mingi , Szutorisz Henrietta , Hurd Yasmin L. , Krauss Robert S. 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Many developmental disorders are thought to arise from an interaction between genetic and environmental risk factors. The Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway regulates myriad developmental processes, and pathway inhibition is associated with birth defects, including holoprosencephaly (HPE). Cannabinoids are HH pathway inhibitors, but little is known of their effects on HH-dependent processes in mammalian embryos, and their mechanism of action is unclear. We report that the psychoactive cannabinoid Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) induces two hallmark HH loss-of-function phenotypes (HPE and ventral neural tube patterning defects) in Cdon mutant mice, which have a subthreshold deficit in HH signaling. THC therefore acts as a ‘conditional teratogen’, dependent on a complementary but insufficient genetic insult. In vitro findings indicate that THC is a direct inhibitor of the essential HH signal transducer smoothened. The canonical THC receptor, cannabinoid receptor-type 1, is not required for THC to inhibit HH signaling. Cannabis consumption during pregnancy may contribute to a combination of risk factors underlying specific developmental disorders. These findings therefore have significant public health relevance.
The Time Variation in Risk Appetite and Uncertainty
Authors: Bekaert Geert , Engstrom Eric C. , Xu Nancy R. 
Published: October 2021

We formulate a dynamic no-arbitrage asset pricing model for equities and corporate bonds, featuring time variation in both risk aversion and economic uncertainty. The joint dynamics among cash flows, macroeconomic fundamentals, and risk aversion accommodate both heteroskedasticity and non-Gaussianity. The model delivers measures of risk aversion and uncertainty at the daily frequency. We verify that equity variance risk premiums are very informative about risk aversion, whereas credit spreads and corporate bond volatility are highly correlated with economic uncertainty. Our model-implied risk premiums outperform standard instruments for predicting asset excess returns. Risk aversion is substantially correlated with consumer confidence measures and in early 2020 reacted more strongly to new COVID cases than did an uncertainty proxy. This paper was accepted by Haoxiang Zhu, finance.
When to Be Agile: Ratings and Version Updates in Mobile Apps
Authors: Allon Gad , Askalidis Georgios , Berry Randall , Immorlica Nicole , Moon Ken , Singh Amandeep 
Published: October 2021

Lean and agile models of product development organize the flexible capacity to rapidly update individual products in response to customer feedback. Although agile operations have been adopted across numerous industries, neither the benefits nor the factors explaining when firms choose to become agile are validated and understood. We study these questions using data on the development of mobile apps, which occurs through the dynamic release of new versions into the mobile app marketplace, and the apps’ customer ratings. We develop a structural model estimating the dependence of product versioning on (a) market feedback in the form of customer ratings against (b) project and work-based considerations, such as development timelines, scale economies, and operational constraints. In contrast to when they actually benefit from operational agility, firms become agile when launching riskier products (in terms of uncertainty in initial customer reception) and less agile when they are able to exploit scale economies from coordinating development over a portfolio of apps. Agile operations increase firm payoffs by margins of 20% to 80%, and interestingly, partial agility is often sufficient to capture the bulk of these returns. Finally, turning to a question of marketplace design, we study how the mobile app marketplace should design the display of ratings to incentivize quality (increasing app categories’ average user satisfaction rates by as much as 22%). This paper was accepted by Jayashankar Swaminathan, operations management.
Laser frequency noise in next generation gravitational-wave detectors
Authors: Cahillane Craig , Mansell Georgia L. , Sigg Daniel 
Published: October 2021

Future ground-based gravitational-wave detectors are slated to detect black hole and neutron star collisions from the entire stellar history of the universe. To achieve the designed detector sensitivities, frequency noise from the laser source must be reduced below the level achieved in current Advanced LIGO detectors. This paper reviews the laser frequency noise suppression scheme in Advanced LIGO, and quantifies the noise coupling to the gravitational-wave readout. The laser frequency noise incident on the current Advanced LIGO detectors is

8
×

10

−
5

H
z

/

H
z

at 1~kHz. Future detectors will require even lower incident frequency noise levels to ensure this technical noise source does not limit sensitivity. The frequency noise requirement for a gravitational wave detector with arm lengths of 40~km is estimated to be

7
×

10

−
7

H
z

/

H
z

. To reach this goal a new frequency noise suppression scheme is proposed, utilizing two input mode cleaner cavities, and the limits of this scheme are explored. Using this scheme the frequency noise requirement is met, even in pessimistic noise coupling scenarios.
O teletrabalho durante a pandemia da covid- 19: indicadores da intensificação do trabalho docente
Authors: Medeiros Danyela Martins 
Published: October 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo de identificar os indicadores de intensificação do trabalho docente da rede pública do Distrito Federal durante a jornada de teletrabalho na pandemia da COVID-19.A partir da análise das respostas obtidas pela aplicação de questionário sobre o trabalho docente no período remoto, aos professores da rede pública, foi possível concluir sobre as consequências da junção entre trabalho remunerado e não remunerado no mesmo tempo e espaço: a sobrecarga de trabalho, intensificação – indicada pelo alongamento de tempo da jornada, pelo acúmulo de atividades e gestão de resultados com a autorresponsabilização sobre os processos de ensino e de aprendizagem influenciadas pelas dinâmicas atuais das políticas educacionais.
Determining Factors of Purchase Intention in Personalized Website Context for Indonesian Consumers
Authors: Sakina Mutiara , Ali Syaiful 
Published: October 2021

Personalized services can increase customer satisfaction, encourage emotionalÂ consumers, help consumers choose a product, and build relationships between serviceÂ providers and consumers. This study combines the variables embedded in TechnologyÂ Acceptance Model (TAM), Theory Planned Behavior (TPB), shopping experience,Â enjoyment, and trust in a research framework model, to examine factors determiningindividual purchase intentions with personalization features on online shopping sites.Â This study uses primary data obtained by the online survey method. The number of samples analyzed in this study is 303 e-commerce consumers in Indonesia. This studyÂ proves that consumer purchase intentions on websites with personalization areÂ positively and significantly related to three factors: the perceived ease of use, perceived enjoyment, and trust. Furthermore, the results also show that the utilitarian value isÂ more influential on these factors than the hedonic value. Further implications of theÂ research results are also discussed in this paper.
Comparison of polynomial fitting versus single time point analysis of ECIS data for barrier assessment
Authors: Suresh Karthik , Servinsky Laura , Johnston Laura , Punjabi Naresh M. , Dudek Steven M. , Damarla Mahendra 
Published: October 2021

AbstractElectrical cell‐substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) is an in vitro methodology for measuring the barrier integrity of a variety of cell types, including pulmonary endothelial cells. These experiments are frequently used for in vitro assessment of lung injury. The data derived from ECIS experiments consists of repeated measures of resistance across an endothelial monolayer. As such, these data reflect the dynamic changes in electrical resistance that occur over time. Currently methodologies for assessing ECIS data rely on single point assessments of barrier function, such as the maximal drop in trans‐endothelial electrical resistance (TERMax). However, this approach ignores the myriad of changes in resistance that occur before and after the TERMax data point. Herein, we utilize polynomial curve fitting on experimentally generated ECIS data, thus allowing for comparing ECIS experiments by examining the mean polynomial coefficients between groups. We show that polynomial curves accurately fit a variety of ECIS data, and that concordance between TERMax and coefficient analysis varies by type of stimulus, suggesting that TERMax differences may not always correlate with a significant difference in the overall shape of the ECIS profile. Lastly, we identify factors that impact coefficient values obtained in our analyses, including the length of time devoted to baseline measurements before addition of stimuli. Polynomial coefficient analysis is another tool that can be used for more comprehensive interrogation of ECIS data to better understand the biological underpinnings that lead to changes in barrier dysfunction in vitro.
Sex differences in anatomic plasticity of gut neuronal–mast cell interactions
Authors: Schwerdtfeger Luke A. , Tobet Stuart A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe gut wall houses mast cells that are anatomically situated near enteric neuronal fibers. Roles of specific neuropeptides in modulating function of immune components like mast cells in response to challenge with bacterial components are relatively unknown. Investigating such interactions requires models that include diverse cellular elements in native anatomic arrangements. Using an organotypic slice model that maintains gut wall cellular diversity ex vivo, the present study compared responses between tissues derived from male and female mice to examine neural‐immune signaling in the gut wall after selected treatments. Ileum slices were treated with pharmacological reagents that block neuronal function (e.g., tetrodotoxin) or vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) receptors prior to challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to assess their influence on anatomic plasticity of VIP fibers and activation of mast cells. Sex differences were observed in the number of mucosal mast cells (c‐kit/ACK2 immunoreactive) at baseline, regardless of treatment, with female ileum tissue having 46% more ACK2‐IR mast cells than males. After challenge with LPS, male mast cell counts rose to female levels. Furthermore, sex differences were observed in the percentage of ACK2‐IR cells within 1 µm of a VIP+ neuronal fiber, and mast cell size, a metric previously tied to activation, with females having larger cells at baseline. Male mast cell sizes reached female levels after LPS challenge. This study suggests sex differences in neural‐immune plasticity and in mast cell activation both basally and in response to challenge with LPS. These sex differences could potentially impact functional neuroimmune response to pathogens.