bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of life following adult veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for acute respiratory distress syndrome: a systematic review
Authors: Kurniawati E. R. , Rutjens V. G. H. , Vranken N. P. A. , Delnoij T. S. R. , Lorusso R. , van der Horst I. C. C. , Maessen J. G. , Weerwind P. W. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) has been used successfully for the past decade in adult patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) refractory to conventional ventilatory support. However, knowledge of the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in VV-ECMO patients is still limited. Thus, this study aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the HRQoL following VV-ECMO support in ARDS patients.

Methods
A systematic search was performed on PubMed and Web of Science databases from January 1st, 2009 to October 19th, 2020. Studies reporting on HRQoL following VV-ECMO for ARDS in adults were included. Two authors independently selected studies, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality.

Results
Eight studies were eligible for inclusion, consisting of seven observational studies and one randomized controlled trial (total N = 441). All eight studies had a quantitative design and reported 265 VV-ECMO survivors to have a reduced HRQoL compared to a generally healthy population. Follow-up time varied between six months to three years. Additionally, only four studies (total N = 335) compared the HRQoL of VV-ECMO (N = 159) to conventionally treated survivors (N = 176), with one study showing a significantly better HRQoL in VV-ECMO survivors, while three studies were stating comparable HRQoL across groups. Notably, most survivors in these studies appeared to experience varying degrees of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Conclusions
ARDS survivors supported by VV-ECMO have a decline in HRQoL and suffered from physical and psychological impairments. This HRQoL reduction is comparable or even better to the HRQoL in conventionally treated ARDS survivors.
Unequal consequences of Covid 19: representative evidence from six countries
Authors: Belot Michèle , Choi Syngjoo , Tripodi Egon , Broek-Altenburg Eline van den , Jamison Julian C. , Papageorge Nicholas W. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCovid-19 and the measures taken to contain it have led to unprecedented constraints on work and leisure activities, across the world. This paper uses nationally representative surveys to document how people of different ages and incomes have been affected in the early phase of the pandemic. The data was collected in six countries (China, South Korea, Japan, Italy, UK, and US) in the third week of April 2020. First, we document changes in job circumstances and social activities. Second, we document self-reported negative and positive consequences of the crisis on well-being. We find that young people have experienced more drastic changes to their life and have been most affected economically and psychologically. There is less of a systematic pattern across income groups. While lower income groups have been more affected economically, higher income groups have experienced more changes in their social life and spending. A large fraction of people of low and high income groups report negative effects on well-being.
Association between ambient air pollution and cause-specific mortality in Cape Town, Durban, and Johannesburg, South Africa: any susceptible groups?
Authors: Thabethe Nomsa Duduzile Lina , Voyi Kuku , Wichmann Janine 
Published: April 2021

AbstractStudies have confirmed that adverse human health effects that are associated with exposure to air pollution may differ depending on other factors such as age, gender, environmental conditions, and socio-economic factors. This study was conducted to assess the association between ambient air pollution and cause-specific mortality in the three big cities in South Africa and to determine the susceptible groups thereof. Cause-specific mortality data for all ages and PM10, NO2, and SO2in Cape Town, Durban, and Johannesburg for the period from 1 January 2006 to 31 December 2010 were obtained. Statistical analyses were done to estimate the associations between air pollutants and cause-specific mortality. Susceptibility was therefore investigated in stratified analyses by sex and age (≥60 years) and environmental conditions (heat and cold) followed by models with interaction terms. Our estimates showed independent associations between these air pollutants, environmental conditions, and susceptible groups.
Whither Transcendence? Immanence and Critique in The Self-Emptying Subject
Authors: Jarada Mohamad 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper engages Alex Dubilet’s The Self-Emptying Subject: Kenosis and Immanence, Medieval to Modern and his account of immanence and kenosis as exhibited in his reading of Hegel’s concept of Entäußerung [externalization]. Specifically, I focus on the “problematic of desubjectivation” that centers Dubilet’s critique of transcendence and its relationship to subjection and subjectivity. I reconsider the relationship made between this problematic, the ethics of kenosis, and the concept of immanence so as to demonstrate the ways in which Dubilet attempts to depart from transcendence, subjectivity, and their concomitant ethics. In particular, I consider his reading of Hegel’s concept of Entäußerung and its similarities to the Young Hegelians’ understanding of this concept. My reading of Dubilet suggests that while he seeks to depart from transcendence, he reintroduces transcendence through the “problematic of desubjectivation” and its relationship to kenosis. In conclusion, I question the philosophical import of immanence in contemporary critical inquiry and why its conceptualization is often positioned in opposition to transcendence.
Cortical and Subcortical Grey Matter Abnormalities in White Matter Hyperintensities and Subsequent Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Zhu Wenhao , Huang Hao , Yang Shiqi , Luo Xiang , Zhu Wenzhen , Xu Shabei , Meng Qi , Zuo Chengchao , Liu Yong , Wang Wei ,   Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: April 2021

AbstractGrey matter (GM) alterations may contribute to cognitive decline in individuals with white matter hyperintensities (WMH) but no consensus has yet emerged. Here, we investigated cortical thickness and grey matter volume in 23 WMH patients with mild cognitive impairment (WMH-MCI), 43 WMH patients without cognitive impairment, and 55 healthy controls. Both WMH groups showed GM atrophy in the bilateral thalamus, fronto-insular cortices, and several parietal-temporal regions, and the WMH-MCI group showed more extensive and severe GM atrophy. The GM atrophy in the thalamus and fronto-insular cortices was associated with cognitive decline in the WMH-MCI patients and may mediate the relationship between WMH and cognition in WMH patients. Furthermore, the main results were well replicated in an independent dataset from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database and in other control analyses. These comprehensive results provide robust evidence of specific GM alterations underlying WMH and subsequent cognitive impairment.
Das Spektrum odontogener Zysten – ein Update
Authors: Höller S. , Rupp N. 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungOdontogene Zysten sind Läsionen, die im Patientengut der Mund‑, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie oft zu finden sind. Sie sind um etwa 20-mal häufiger als echte odontogene Tumoren. Allen voran rangiert die entzündlich bedingte radikuläre Zyste, gefolgt von der entwicklungsbedingten follikulären Zyste. Gemeinsam ist allen odontogenen Zysten wie auch Tumoren, dass sie sich radiologisch als Osteolysen manifestieren und sichere radiologische Unterscheidungsmerkmale zwischen den einzelnen Entitäten oftmals fehlen. Klarheit bringt in vielen Fällen erst die histopathologische Untersuchung. Allerdings ist zu beachten, dass eine akkurate Entitätsdiagnose nur in einer engen interdisziplinären Zusammenarbeit möglich ist. Aus histopathologischer Sicht kann der Pathologe/die Pathologin nur eine dezidierte Diagnose stellen, wenn auch ihm/ihr das klinische Bild (Vitalitätsstatus des assoziierten Zahns, Zufallsbefund oder symptomatisch, Lockerung der Zähne etc.) sowie das radiologische Erscheinungsbild (Lokalisation der Osteolyse, Präsenz retinierter Zähne, parallel vorhandene radiologische Auffälligkeiten etc.) bekannt sind. Die Begutachtung des radiologischen Bildes erfordert dabei in aller Regel die Einsicht des gesamten Datensatzes eines digitalen Volumentomogramms oder eines Orthopantomogramms in guter Auflösung, da unvollständige Ausschnitte oder Beschreibungen Fehlinterpretationen begünstigen können. Die zunehmende Digitalisierung ist hier von großem Vorteil und ein Datenträger mit allen relevanten (insbesondere präinterventionellen) Bildern wird von erfahrenen Oralpathologen immer gern entgegengenommen. In jedem Falle sollte bei Diskrepanzen zwischen histopathologischer Diagnose und klinisch-radiologischem Bild bzw. schwierigen oder ungewöhnlichen Fällen eine interdisziplinäre Diskussion angestrebt werden.
Effect of simultaneous N2 collisions on atomic oxygen-induced polyimide erosion in sub-low Earth orbit: comparison of laboratory and SLATS data
Authors: Yokota Kumiko , Tagawa Masahito , Fujimoto Yusuke , Ide Wataru , Kimoto Yugo , Tsuchiya Yuta , Goto Aki , Yukumatsu Kazuki , Miyazaki Eiji , Imamura Shunsuke 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe role of N2 in the upper atmosphere on the atomic oxygen (AO)-induced erosion of polyimide in low Earth orbit (LEO) and sub-LEO is investigated through ground-based experiments and flight data. The experiment is performed by adding an Ar beam at the same collision energy as an undecomposed O2 component in the AO beam formed by laser detonation to simulate the physical effect of simultaneous N2 collision in sub-LEO. The Ar beam is added by the dual-pulsed supersonic valve-equipped laser-detonation system developed at Kobe University. The experimental results indicate that the erosion of polyimide in the laser-detonation system is promoted by the presence of O2 and Ar in the beam, corresponding to N2 in the sub-LEO. On-ground experimental results are compared with in-orbit AO measurements. Previous space shuttle, international space station-based exposure experiments, as well as the world’s first real-time sub-LEO material erosion data aboard a super low altitude test satellite (SLATS) orbiting at an altitude of 216.8 km are presented. The SLATS data suggests the presence of an acceleration effect by N2 collision on AO-induced polyimide erosion, as predicted by ground-based experiments.
To be or not to be (e)sports? That is not the question! Why and how sport and exercise psychology could research esports
Authors: Leis Oliver , Raue Charlotte , Dreiskämper Dennis , Lautenbach Franziska 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWhether esports can be considered a sport is highly debated. The German Olympic Sport Federation (DOSB) and the German Society for Sport Sciences (DVS) recently stated that esports should not be integrated into the canon of sport. Our aim is not to further fuel this debate but rather to argue that to be or not to be sport is not the most important question from a scientific perspective. After summarizing the current discussion on whether esports constitute a sport, this paper discusses why and how sport and exercise psychology (SEP), in particular, could research esports. To exploit research opportunities in esports, such as adapting validated methods and testing existing models, scholars in SEP could examine the aspects arising from its positional stance. We argue that the potential of SEP approaches, models, and methods, positions it well to play an important role in research on esports. The present perspective provides a starting point for a constructive discourse on the development of SEP and the potential for its role in esports research.
Simulation of direct shear tests using a forces on fracture surfaces (FFS) approach
Authors: Frühwirt Thomas , Pötschke Daniel , Konietzky Heinz 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe aim of this work is to provide a complete data set of direct shear tests and to propose a corresponding simulation approach. Tests have been conducted on crystalline rock samples applying constant normal load (CNL) and constant normal stiffness (CNS) boundary conditions. A physical consistent algorithm which explicitly calculates the forces acting on the fracture surface (FFS) has been developed. This FFS approach can explain the occurrence of surface degradation and shows the main shear characteristics. After all, shearing of rough rock joints remains a complex process and the differences between laboratory and simulation results are still significant in some cases. All data and input files are provided free for download and testing.
Diskurse als Ort der mathematischen Denkentwicklung – Eine interaktionistische Perspektive
Authors: Schütte Marcus , Jung Judith , Krummheuer Götz 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungDer folgende Beitrag befasst sich mit dem Mathematiklernen in der frühen Kindheit aus interaktionistischer Perspektive. Mathematiklernen wird hierzu in zwei Aspekte ausdifferenziert: den Erwerb mathematischer Begriffe und Prozeduren im Sinne des Lernens von mathematischen Inhalten und die mathematische Denkentwicklung im Sinne des Argumentierenlernens. Der Fokus dieses Beitrags liegt auf dem zweiten Aspekt. Basierend auf interaktionistischen Vorstellungen zum Lernen wird die mathematische Denkentwicklung als zunehmende Partizipation an mathematischen Diskursen beschrieben. Hierdurch rücken mathematische Diskurse als „Ort“ der mathematischen Denkentwicklung ins Zentrum der Betrachtung. Zur näheren Beschreibung dieser Diskurse wird die bis dato gängige Fokussierung interaktionistischer Ansätze des Mathematiklernens auf die Analyse mathematischer Bedeutungsaushandlungen um eine Beschreibung emergierender argumentativer und semantischer Strukturierungen mathematischer Aushandlungsprozesse erweitert. In den empirischen Analysen des Beitrages werden mithilfe dieser theoretischen Erweiterung unterschiedliche Diskursstile rekonstruiert, die wir als narrative, formale und narratorische Diskurse bezeichnen. In künftigen Arbeiten sollen sie als theoretische Grundlage für die longitudinale Rekonstruktion der Partizipation von Lernenden an mathematischen Aushandlungsprozessen zur Beschreibung ihrer mathematischen Denkentwicklung genutzt werden.
Combined Dust Detection Algorithm for Asian Dust Events Over East Asia Using GK2A/AMI: a Case Study in October 2019
Authors: Jang Jae-Cheol , Lee Soobong , Sohn Eun-Ha , Noh Yoo-Jeong , Miller Steven D. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA combined algorithm comprising multiple dust detection methods was developed using infrared (IR) channels onboard the GEOstationary Korea Multi-Purpose SATellite 2A equipped with the Advanced Meteorological Imager (GK2A/AMI). Six cloud tests using brightness temperature difference (BTD) were utilized to reduce errors caused by clouds. For detecting dust storms, three standard BTD tests (i.e., $${BT}_{12.3}-{BT}_{10.5}$$, $${BT}_{8.7}-{BT}_{10.5}$$, and $${BT}_{11.2}-{BT}_{10.5}$$) were combined with the polarized optical depth index (PODI). The combined algorithm normalizes the indices for cloud and dust detection, and adopts weighted combinations of dust tests depending on the observation time (day/night) and surface type (land/sea). The dust detection results were produced as quantitative confidence factors and displayed as false color imagery, applying a dynamic enhancement background reduction algorithm (DEBRA). The combined dust detection algorithm was qualitatively assessed by comparing it with dust RGB imageries and ground-based lidar data. The combined algorithm especially improved the discontinuity in weak dust advection to the sea and considerably reduced false alarms as compared to previous dust monitoring methods. For quantitative validation, we used aerosol optical thickness (AOT) and fine mode fraction (FMF) derived from low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites in daytime. For both severe and weakened dust cases, the probability of detection (POD) ranged from 0.667 to 0.850 and it indicated that the combined algorithm detects more potential dust pixels than other satellites. In particular, the combined algorithm was advantageous in detecting weak dust storms passing over the warm and humid Yellow Sea with low dust height and small AOT.
The hypothalamus for whole-body physiology: from metabolism to aging
Authors: Liu Tiemin , Xu Yong , Yi Chun-Xia , Tong Qingchun , Cai Dongsheng 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObesity and aging are two important epidemic factors for metabolic syndrome and many other health issues, which contribute to devastating diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, stroke and cancers. The brain plays a central role in controlling metabolic physiology in that it integrates information from other metabolic organs, sends regulatory projections and orchestrates the whole-body function. Emerging studies suggest that brain dysfunction in sensing various internal cues or processing external cues may have profound effects on metabolic and other physiological functions. This review highlights brain dysfunction linked to genetic mutations, sex, brain inflammation, microbiota, stress as causes for whole-body pathophysiology, arguing brain dysfunction as a root cause for the epidemic of aging and obesity-related disorders. We also speculate key issues that need to be addressed on how to reveal relevant brain dysfunction that underlines the development of these disorders and diseases in order to develop new treatment strategies against these health problems.
Risk factors associated with gestational diabetes mellitus: a retrospective case-control study
Authors: Yaping Xie , Chunhong Liu , Huifen Zhao , Fengfeng Huang , Huibin Huang , Meijing Zhao 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objectives
The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has increased year-after-year globally, especially in low-income and developing countries. This study aims to identify the prevalence of GDM, the risk factors, and the effect on pregnancy outcome based on a retrospective case-control study.

Methods
Two hundred ninety-three parturients with GDM who delivered in a general hospital in Fujian province and met the inclusion criteria were selected as the case group from January to June 2018. Two hundred ninety-three parturients without GDM who delivered in the same period served as the control group. Risk factors for GDM were determined by univariate and binary logistic regression analysis. The prevalence of pregnancy outcomes was determined by a chi-square test.

Results
The prevalence of GDM was 15.69%. The percentages of 1, 2, and 3 abnormal OGTT values were 55.6%, 30.7%, and 13.7%, respectively. Gravidas with GDM have a higher risk of macrosomia, polyhydramnios, pre-eclampsia, placenta previa, and gestational hypertension than gravidas without GDM (p < 0.05). Analysis of the factors influencing the development of GDM was advanced age, married, parents with a history of diabetes, gestational hypertension, and number of abortions.

Conclusions
The prevalence of GDM was 15.69% in this geographic region, and > 50% of the patients had one abnormal OGTT value. The risk factors for GDM were advanced age, parents with diabetes, gestational hypertension, and the number of abortions. Pregnancy outcomes of the two groups of patients were different with respect to macrosomia, polyhydramnios, pre-eclampsia, placenta previa, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.
Low effective population size and high spatial genetic structure of black poplar populations from the Oder valley in Poland
Authors: Wójkiewicz Błażej , Lewandowski Andrzewj , Żukowska Weronika B. , Litkowiec Monika , Wachowiak Witold 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Context
Black poplar (Populus nigra L.) is a keystone species of European riparian ecosystems that has been negatively impacted by riverside urbanization for centuries. Consequently, it has become an endangered tree species in many European countries. The establishment of a suitable rescue plan of the remaining black poplar forest stands requires a preliminary knowledge about the distribution of genetic variation among species populations. However, for some parts of the P. nigra distribution in Europe, the genetic resources and demographic history remain poorly recognized.

Aims
Here, we present the first study on identifying and characterizing the genetic resources of black poplar from the Oder valley in Poland. This study (1) assessed the genetic variability and effective population size of populations and (2) examined whether gene flow is limited by distance or there is a single migrant pool along the studied river system.

Methods
A total of 582 poplar trees derived from nine black poplar populations were investigated with nuclear microsatellite markers.

Results
(1) The allelic richness and heterozygosity level were high and comparable between populations. (2) The genetic structure of the studied poplar stands was not homogenous. (3) The signatures of past bottlenecks were detected.

Conclusion
Our study (1) provides evidence for genetic substructuring of natural black poplar populations from the studied river catchment, which is not a frequent phenomenon reported for this species in Europe, and (2) indicates which poplar stands may serve as new genetic conservation units (GCUs) of this species in Europe.

Key message
The genetic resources of black poplar in the Oder River valley are still substantial compared to those reported for rivers in Western Europe. On the other hand, clear signals of isolation by distance and genetic erosion reflected in small effective population sizes and high spatial genetic structure of the analyzed populations were detected. Based on these findings, we recommend the in situ and ex situ conservation strategies for conserving and restoring the genetic resources of black poplar populations in this strongly transformed by human river valley ecosystem.
Farmers’ Demand for Informal Risk Management Strategy and Weather Index Insurance: Evidence from China
Authors: Tang Yingmei , Cai Huifang , Liu Rongmao 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn the absence of formal risk management strategies, agricultural production in China is highly vulnerable to climate change. In this study, field experiments were conducted with 344 households in Heilongjiang (Northeast China) and Jiangsu (East China) Provinces. Probit and logistic models and independent sample T-test were used to explore farmers’ demand for weather index insurance, in contrast to informal risk management strategies, and the main factors that affect demand. The results show that the farmers prefer weather index insurance to informal risk management strategies, and farmers’ characteristics have significant impacts on their adoption of risk management strategies. The variables non-agricultural labor ratio, farmers’ risk perception, education, and agricultural insurance purchase experience significantly affect farmers’ weather index insurance demand. The regression results show that the farmers’ weather index insurance demand and the influencing factors in the two provinces are different. Farmers in Heilongjiang Province have a higher participation rate than those in Jiangsu Province. The government should conduct more weather index insurance pilot programs to help farmers understand the mechanism, and insurance companies should provide more types of weather index insurance to meet farmers’ diversified needs.