bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do patients with high versus low treatment and illness burden have different needs? A mixed-methods study of patients living on dialysis
Authors: Boehmer Kasey R. , Pine Kathleen H. , Whitman Samantha , Organick Paige , Thota Anjali , Espinoza Suarez Nataly R. , LaVecchia Christina M. , Lee Alexander , Behnken Emma , Thorsteinsdottir Bjorg , Pawar Aditya S. , Beck Annika , Lorenz Elizabeth C. , Albright Robert C. 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundApproximately 750,000 people in the U.S. live with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD); the majority receive dialysis. Despite the importance of adherence to dialysis, it remains suboptimal, and one contributor may be patients’ insufficient capacity to cope with their treatment and illness burden. However, it is unclear what, if any, differences exist between patients reporting high versus low treatment and illness burden.MethodsWe sought to understand these differences using a mixed methods, explanatory sequential design. We enrolled adult patients receiving dialysis, including in-center hemodialysis, home hemodialysis, and peritoneal dialysis. Descriptive patient characteristics were collected. Participants’ treatment and illness burden was measured using the Illness Intrusiveness Scale (IIS). Participants scoring in the highest quartile were defined as having high burden, and participants scoring in the lowest quartile as having low burden. Participants in both quartiles were invited to participate in interviews and observations.ResultsQuantitatively, participants in the high burden group were significantly younger (mean = 48.4 years vs. 68.6 years respectively, p = <0.001). No other quantitative differences were observed. Qualitatively, we found differences in patient self-management practices, such as the high burden group having difficulty establishing a new rhythm of life to cope with dialysis, greater disruption in social roles and self-perception, fewer appraisal focused coping strategies, more difficulty maintaining social networks, and more negatively portrayed experiences early in their dialysis journey.Conclusions and relevancePatients on dialysis reporting the greatest illness and treatment burden have difficulties that their low-burden counterparts do not report, which may be amenable to intervention.
A study to investigate the implementation process and fidelity of a hospital to community pharmacy transfer of care intervention
Authors: Khayyat Sarah M. , Nazar Zachariah , Nazar Hamde 
Published: December 2021

Background
Hospital to community pharmacy transfer of care medicines-related interventions for inpatients discharged home aim to improve continuity of care and patient outcomes. One such intervention has been provided for seven years within a region in England. This study reports upon the implementation process and fidelity of this intervention.

Methods
The process evaluation guidance issued by the Medical Research Council has informed this study. A logic model to describe the intervention and causal assumptions was developed from preliminary semi-structured interviews with project team members. Further semi-structured interviews were undertaken with intervention providers from hospital and community pharmacy, and with patient and public representatives. These aimed to investigate intervention implementation process and fidelity. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research and the Consolidated Framework for Intervention Fidelity informed interview topic guides and underpinned the thematic framework analysis using a combined inductive and deductive approach.

Results
Themes provided information about intervention fidelity and implementation that were mapped across the sub processes of implementation: planning, execution, reflection and evaluation, and engagement. Interviewees described factors such as lack of training, awareness, clarity on the service specification, governance and monitoring and information and feedback which caused significant issues with the process of intervention implementation and suboptimal intervention fidelity.

Conclusions
This provides in-depth insight into the implementation process and fidelity of a ToC intervention, and the extant barriers and facilitators. The findings offer learning to inform the design and implementation of similar interventions, contribute to the evidence base about barriers and facilitators to such interventions and provides in-depth description of the implementation and mechanisms of impact which have the potential to influence clinical and economic outcome evaluation.
The circuits of healthcare: Understanding healthcare seeking behaviour—A qualitative study with tuberculosis patients in Lisbon, Portugal
Authors: Ribeiro Rafaela M. , Havik Philip J. , Craveiro Isabel 
Published: December 2021

Background
Understanding health delivery service from a patient´s perspective, including factors influencing healthcare seeking behaviour, is crucial when treating diseases, particularly infectious ones, like tuberculosis. This study aims to trace and contextualise the trajectories patients pursued towards diagnosis and treatment, while discussing key factors associated with treatment delays. Tuberculosis patients’ pathways may serve as indicator of the difficulties the more vulnerable sections of society experience in obtaining adequate care.

Methods
We conducted 27 semi-structured interviews with tuberculosis patients attending a treatment centre in a suburban area of Lisbon. We invited nationals and migrant patients in active treatment to participate by sharing their illness experiences since the onset of symptoms until the present. The Health Belief Model was used as a reference framework to consolidate the qualitative findings.

Results
By inductive analysis of all interviews, we categorised participants’ healthcare seeking behaviour into 4 main types, related to the time participants took to actively search for healthcare (patient delay) and time the health system spent to diagnose and initiate treatment (health system delay). Each type of healthcare seeking behaviour identified (inhibited, timely, prolonged, and absent) expressed a mindset influencing the way participants sought healthcare. The emergency room was the main entry point where diagnostic care cascade was initiated. Primary Health Care was underused by participants.

Conclusions
The findings support that healthcare seeking behaviour is not homogeneous and influences diagnostic delays. If diagnostic delays are to be reduced, the identification of behavioural patterns should be considered when designing measures to improve health services’ delivery. Healthcare professionals should be sensitised and perform continuous capacity development training to deal with patients´ needs. Inhibited and prolonged healthcare seeking behaviour contributes significantly to diagnostic delays. These behaviours should be detected and reverted. Timely responses, from patients and the healthcare system, should be promoted.
Epidemiological evidence relating risk factors to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Hong , Liu Xiang , Gao Xiang , Lv Yipeng , Zhou Liang , Shi Jianwei , Wei Wei , Huang Jiaoling , Deng Lijia , Wang Zhaoxin , Jin Ying , Yu Wenya 
Published: December 2021

Background
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the most common chronic respiratory disease worldwide, not only leads to the decline of pulmonary function and quality of life consecutively, but also has become a major economic burden on individuals, families, and society in China. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to explore the risk factors for developing COPD in the Chinese population that resides in China and to provide a theoretical basis for the early prevention of COPD.

Methods
A total of 2457 cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies published related to risk factors for COPD in China were searched. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 20 articles were selected. Stata 11.0 was used for meta-analysis. After merging the data, the pooled effect and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the association between risk factors and COPD. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using I2 and Cochran’s Q tests. Begg’s test was used to assess publication bias.

Results
Exposure to particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) (pooled effect = 1.73; 95%CI: 1.16~2.58; P <0.01), smoking history (pooled effect = 2.58; 95%CI: 2.00~3.32; P <0.01), passive smoking history (pooled effect = 1.39; 95%CI: 1.03~1.87; P = 0.03), male sex(pooled effect = 1.70; 95%CI: 1.31~2.22; P <0.01), body mass index (BMI) <18.5 kg/m2 (pooled effect = 1.73; 95%CI: 1.32~2.25; P <0.01), exposure to biomass burning emissions (pooled effect = 1.65; 95%CI: 1.32~2.06; P <0.01), childhood respiratory infections (pooled effect = 3.44; 95%CI: 1.33~8.90; P = 0.01), residence (pooled effect = 1.24; 95%CI: 1.09~1.42; P <0.01), and a family history of respiratory diseases (pooled effect = 2.04; 95%CI: 1.53~2.71; P <0.01) were risk factors for COPD in the Chinese population.

Conclusion
Early prevention of COPD could be accomplished by quitting smoking, reducing exposure to air pollutants and biomass burning emissions, maintaining body mass index between 18.5 kg/m2 and 28 kg/m2, protecting children from respiratory infections, adopting active treatments to children with respiratory diseases, and conducting regular screening for those with family history of respiratory diseases.
Amount and type of physical activity and sports from one year forward after hip or knee arthroplasty—A systematic review
Authors: Mooiweer Yvet , van den Akker-Scheek Inge , Stevens Martin ,   On behalf of the PAIR study group
Published: December 2021

IntroductionAfter rehabilitation following total hip or knee arthroplasty (THA/TKA), patients are advised to participate in physical activity (PA) and sports. However, profound insight into whether people adopt a physically active lifestyle is lacking. Aim is to gain insight into the performed amount and type of PA (including sports) and time spent sedentarily by persons after THA/TKA.MethodsA systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42020178556). Pubmed, Cinahl, EMBASE and PsycInfo were systematically searched for articles reporting on amount of PA, and on the kind of activities performed between January 1995-January 2021. Quality of the articles was assessed with the adapted tool from Borghouts et al.ResultsThe search retrieved 5029 articles, leading to inclusion of 125 articles reporting data of 123 groups; 53 articles reported on subjects post-THA, 16 on post-hip-resurfacing arthroplasty, 40 on post-TKA, 15 on post-unicompartimental knee arthroplasty and 12 on a mix of arthroplasty types. With respect to quality assessment, 14 articles (11%) met three or fewer criteria, 29 (24%) met four, 32 (26%) met five, 42 (34%) met six, and 6 (5%) met seven out of the eight criteria. PA levels were comparable for THA and TKA, showing a low to moderately active population. Time spent was mostly of low intensity. Roughly 50% of -subjects met health-enhancing PA guidelines. They spent the largest part of their day sedentarily. Sports participation was relatively high (rates above 70%). Most participation was in low-impact sports at a recreational level. Roughly speaking, participants were engaged in sports 3 hours/week, consisting of about three 1-hour sessions.ConclusionActivity levels seem to be low; less than half of them seemed to perform the advised amount of PA following health-enhancing guidelines Sports participation levels were high. However, many articles were unclear about the definition of sports participation, which could have led to overestimation.
International professional practices in mental health, organization of psychiatric care, and COVID-19: A survey protocol
Authors: Fond-Harmant Laurence , Kane Hélène , Gourret Baumgart Jade , Rusch Emmanuel , Breton Hervé , el-Hage Wissam , Deloyer Jocelyn , Lebas Marie-Clotide , Marazziti Donatella , Thome Johannes , Denis Frédéric 
Published: December 2021

Objective
Our project aims to provide:

an overview of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the field of mental health professionals in 23 countries;
a model of recommendations for good practice and proposals for methods and digital tools to improve the well-being at work of mental health professionals and the quality of services offered during crisis and post-crisis periods;
an in-depth ethics review of the assessment of the use of numerical tools for psychiatry professionals and patient support, including teleconsulting.

Methods
This is a large international survey conducted among 2,000 mental health professionals in 23 countries over a 12-month period. This survey will be based on 30 individual interviews and 20 focus group sessions, and a digital questionnaire will be sent online to 2,000 professionals based on the criteria of gender, age, professional experience, psychiatric specialty, context of work in psychiatry, and geographical location. Regarding the development of telepsychiatry during the COVID-19 pandemic, a pilot study on the use of digital tools will be carried out on 100 clients of psychiatry professionals in France and Belgium.

Discussion-conclusion
This study will contribute to the co-construction of an international organization and monitoring system that takes into account psychiatric health professionals as major resources to fight against the COVID-19 pandemic and to develop efficient processes for preparing and anticipating crises by reducing psychosocial risks as much as possible. This project also aims to design tools for remote medicine and to develop the use of numerical tools for monitoring and supporting professionals and helping professionals to build the conditions for satisfactory operational work during crises and post-crisis situations, using adapted organizational methods. Our ongoing research should support professionals in the search for existing concrete solutions to cope with emergency work situations while maintaining an optimal quality of life.
Metastatic Cancer of Apparent Colon Origin With No Intraluminal Cancer After Resection of Colorectal Lateral Spreading Lesions
Authors: Lee Christopher J. , Vemulapalli Krishna C. , Lin Jingmei , Rex Douglas K. 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
We report a case of metastatic adenocarcinoma to the liver that presented 5 months after piecemeal endoscopic mucosal resection of 3 benign lateral spreading adenomas in the cecum. The pathologic features of the metastatic cancer indicated a probable colonic origin. However, when the cancer was identified, there was no endoscopic evidence of recurrent polyp or another primary lesion in the colon.
Disseminated Histoplasmosis Mimicking Acute Liver Failure in a Patient Treated With a Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor
Authors: Saxena Damini , Lange Andrew , Daves Seanna R. , Punzalan Carmi S. 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
Disseminated histoplasmosis (DH) is typically seen in patients with organ transplantation or human immunodeficiency virus and rarely presents with acute liver failure. Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors may be immunosuppressive but unlikely to result in DH. A 70-year-old woman with a history of psoriatic arthritis on infliximab presented with altered mental status, fevers, and severe liver injury. She was found to have DH, which resolved on antifungal agents. Because the use of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors has increased, providers should consider this uncommon infection in patients who present with cryptogenic severe liver injury.
Pytania o życie ludzkie i znaczenie Ewangelii życia Jana Pawła II
Authors: Brusiło Jerzy 
Published: December 2021

Na pytania o fenomen (osobliwość) życia w ogóle i znaczenie, sens życia ludzkiego nauki przyrodnicze nie znajdują wystarczającej odpowiedzi. Czy z punktu widzenia człowieka-obserwatora życia z zewnątrz lub świadomego uczestnika życia, można pomóc w tych pytaniach? Co ma do powiedzenia w tych kwestiach teologia i antropologia teologiczna, zwłaszcza w kontekście stworzenia i odkupienia osoby ludzkiej?
W poszukiwaniu znaczenia życia ludzkiego i odpowiedzi na pytania o życie w ogóle ważną, adekwatną i uniwersalną odpowiedź formułuje koncepcja Ewangelii życia Karola Wojtyły – Jana Pawła II. Istotną treść tej koncepcji zawiera encyklika Papieża Jana Pawła II, pod tym samym tytułem, Evangelium vitae (Ewangelia życia). Wykład encykliki o życiu pochodzącym od Boga, danym człowiekowi od Boga i zmierzającym do życia w Bogu ukazuje prawdziwy sens życia ludzkiego.
W przejściu z biologii i metafizyki życia do duchowych cech Ewangelii (Dobrej nowiny) życia ludzkiego, które jest niepowtarzalne, wyjątkowe, nienaruszalne, niezwykłe, Jan Paweł II pozwala również na odkrycie znaczenia życia każdej istoty, każdego gatunku i formy życia na Ziemi. Kwestie te są również obecne we wspomnianej już encyklice.
Rodzina miejscem afirmacji życia i spełnienia człowieka w świetle nauczania Papieża Jana Pawła II
Authors: Ozorowski Mieczysław 
Published: December 2021

Dwadzieścia pięć lat po encyklice Jana Pawła II Evangelium vitae stoimy nadal przed poważnymi wyzwaniami związanymi z afirmacją ludzkiego życia. Rodzina jest naturalnym miejscem, gdzie życie się zaczyna, rozwija i kończy. Jest ona naturalnym „sanktuarium życia”. Kościół w tradycyjny sposób przypomina o szacunku do ludzkiego życia, które jest największym darem Bożym. Współcześni papieże upominają się w swoim nauczaniu o ochronę życia od poczęcia do naturalnej śmierci. Kościół zachęca do pracy wychowawczej, która pozwala stawać się coraz bardziej człowiekiem, zachować szacunek do życia i nawiązywać prawidłowe relacje międzyosobowe. Najpiękniejszym wymiarem afirmacji życia jest modlitwa dziękczynna.
A highly accurate delta check method using deep learning for detection of sample mix-up in the clinical laboratory
Authors: Zhou Rui , Liang Yu-fang , Cheng Hua-Li , Wang Wei , Huang Da-wei , Wang Zhe , Feng Xiang , Han Ze-wen , Song Biao , Padoan Andrea , Plebani Mario , Wang Qing-tao 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Delta check (DC) is widely used for detecting sample mix-up. Owing to the inadequate error detection and high false-positive rate, the implementation of DC in real-world settings is labor-intensive and rarely capable of absolute detection of sample mix-ups. The aim of the study was to develop a highly accurate DC method based on designed deep learning to detect sample mix-up.

Methods
A total of 22 routine hematology test items were adopted for the study. The hematology test results, collected from two hospital laboratories, were independently divided into training, validation, and test sets. By selecting six mainstream algorithms, the Deep Belief Network (DBN) was able to learn error-free and artificially (intentionally) mixed sample results. The model’s analytical performance was evaluated using training and test sets. The model’s clinical validity was evaluated by comparing it with three well-recognized statistical methods.

Results
When the accuracy of our model in the training set reached 0.931 at the 22nd epoch, the corresponding accuracy in the validation set was equal to 0.922. The loss values for the training and validation sets showed a similar (change) trend over time. The accuracy in the test set was 0.931 and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.977. DBN demonstrated better performance than the three comparator statistical methods. The accuracy of DBN and revised weighted delta check (RwCDI) was 0.931 and 0.909, respectively. DBN performed significantly better than RCV and EDC. Of all test items, the absolute difference of DC yielded higher accuracy than the relative difference for all methods.

Conclusions
The findings indicate that input of a group of hematology test items provides more comprehensive information for the accurate detection of sample mix-up by machine learning (ML) when compared with a single test item input method. The DC method based on DBN demonstrated highly effective sample mix-up identification performance in real-world clinical settings.
A simple theoretical, quantitative approach to help understand the titration of weak acids and bases
Authors: Arocena Miguel 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
What happens at the very beginning of the titration of a weak acid or base is a question sometimes asked by undergraduate students when introduced to the concept of buffer solution. To attempt to answer this question, a simple quantitative approach is developed, which also allows explaining more general properties of the weak acid or weak base titration process, while serving as well as an introduction to the theoretical, quantitative treatment of this subject. Using this approach, it can be shown that, at the beginning of the titration, the reaction between a weak acid (base) and a strong base (acid) does not occur on a one to one ratio when very small amounts of the strong base (acid) are added.
Spatiotemporal evolution of ecological environment quality in arid areas based on the remote sensing ecological distance index: A case study of Yuyang district in Yulin city, China
Authors: Yang Liangyan , Shi Lei , Wei Jing , Wang Yating 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The ecological environment in arid areas of Northwest China has undergone considerable changes under the combined effects of climate change and human factors. Therefore, exploring the spatial and temporal evolution of the ecological environment quality is of great significance for the protection and management of the ecological environment in arid areas of Northwest China. This study adopted Yuyang district as the study area. Landsat Thematic Mapper/Operational Land Imager images from 1993 to 2018 were selected as the data source for the retrieval of important surface indicators and the construction of the remote sensing distance ecological index. The spatial distribution, trend, and grade classification of the ecological environment quality were monitored and analyzed. The results showed that (1) the ecological environment quality of Yuyang district from 1993 to 2018 showed an overall upward trend, mainly manifested as a sharp decline in the area of poor ecological environment from 84.81 to 53.36%. (2) The spatiotemporal changes in the ecological environment quality showed a downward trend in the central urban area and an upward trend in the noncentral urban area. (3) In general, rainfall and temperature had limited impact on the ecological environment quality. Urbanization seriously affected the local ecological environment quality and the implementation of the ecological restoration policies, regulations, and measures were the main drivers of the improvement to the ecological environment quality in other surrounding areas.
Inference of genetic regulatory networks with regulatory hubs using vector autoregressions and automatic relevance determination with model selections
Authors: Chen Chi-Kan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The inference of genetic regulatory networks (GRNs) reveals how genes interact with each other. A few genes can regulate many genes as targets to control cell functions. We present new methods based on the order-1 vector autoregression (VAR1) for inferring GRNs from gene expression time series. The methods use the automatic relevance determination (ARD) to incorporate the regulatory hub structure into the estimation of VAR1 in a Bayesian framework. Several sparse approximation schemes are applied to the estimated regression weights or VAR1 model to generate the sparse weighted adjacency matrices representing the inferred GRNs. We apply the proposed and several widespread reference methods to infer GRNs with up to 100 genes using simulated, DREAM4 in silico and experimental E. coli gene expression time series. We show that the proposed methods are efficient on simulated hub GRNs and scale-free GRNs using short time series simulated by VAR1s and outperform reference methods on small-scale DREAM4 in silico GRNs and E. coli GRNs. They can utilize the known major regulatory hubs to improve the performance on larger DREAM4 in silico GRNs and E. coli GRNs. The impact of nonlinear time series data on the performance of proposed methods is discussed.