bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth of phosphide-based type-II stacked quantum dots for III–V/Si photovoltaic applications
Authors: Piedra-Lorenzana José Alberto , Yamane Keisuke , Hori Akihito , Wakahara Akihiro 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The necessity for improved renewable energy sources has increased in recent years, particularly solar cells have been continuously improving. This study proposes a type-II quantum dot (QD) structure using InP and GaP-based III–V–N alloys to enhance electron/hole spatial separation for photovoltaic applications. With appropriate size and thickness, InP QD/GaAsPN enables type-II band alignment. Additionally, it has a tunable bandgap of approximately 1.7 eV with strain compensation conditions on a Si substrate, which enables dislocation-free III–V/Si tandem cells. Self-assembled nanostructures of InP were fabricated on GaP, and two types of islands were observed. Growth parameters were investigated to ensure better control over the morphology of islands. Subsequently, the optimized parameters were employed for fabricating a 30-period good quality InP/GaP stacked QD structure without any strain compensation layers. These results may help in designing more efficient GaP-based III–V–N solar cells on Si substrates.
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan dan Biaya Pelayanan Jasa Pernikahan Terhadap Kepuasan Masyarakat Pada KUA Kecamatan Cikampek Kabupaten Karawang
Authors: Dedi Mulyadi  
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh kualitas pelayanan dan biaya pelayanan jasa terhadap kepuan masyarakat pada KUA Kecamatan Cikampek Kabupaten Karawang. Penelitian ini dilakukan berdasarkan metode deskriptif dan verifikatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pengantin Kecamatan Cikampek yang menikah di luar kantor KUA dengan menggunakan pelayanan jasa pernikahan langsung dari KUA Kecamatan Cikampek berjumlah 67 pasangan pengantin. Teknik sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah probability sampling. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan dalam penelitian ini adanya hubungan asosiatif antara kualitas pelayanan dengan kepuasan masyarakat besarannya sebesar 0,313, adanya hubungan asosiatif antara biaya pelayanan jasa pernikahan dengan kepuasan masyarakat besarannya sebesar 0,453. Adapun besaran pengaruh total dari variabel bebas : kualitas pelayanan (X1), biaya pelayanan jasa pernikahan (X2) terhadap kepuasan masyarakat (Y) dinyatakan oleh besaran koefisien determinasi (RYX)2 sebesar 45,1% sedangkan pengaruh variabel lain di luar model adalah sebesar 54,9%. Untuk pengaruh parsial kualitas pelayanan (X1) terhadap kepuasan masyarakat (Y), nilai Sig. (0,005) < α (0,05) maka Ho ditolak. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kualitas pelayanan secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan masyarakat. Untuk pengaruh parsial biaya pelayanan jasa pernikahan (X2) terhadap kepuasan masyarakat (Y), nilai Sig. (0,000) < α (0,05) maka Ho ditolak. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa biaya pelayanan jasa pernikahan secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan masyarakat. Nilai Sig. sebesar 0,000 yang lebih kecil dari α (0,05). Dengan demikian Ho ditolak sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa kualitas pelayanan (X1) dan biaya pelayanan jasa pernikahan (X2) secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan masyarakat (Y).
Kata Kunci : Kualitas Pelayanan, Biaya Pelayanan Jasa, Kepuasan Masyarakat
Exploring Creation of Connected Classroom in Rural College: Students perspective on Challenges and Implications
Authors: Saadia Saleem  , Dr. Farhana Khursheed  
Published: March 2021

This study is based on an intervention of the connected classroom to seek out the teaching faculty shortage alternative. Two Government colleges, rural and urban colleges, coordinated for the intervention of the connected classroom through a software application ‘Skype.’ The urban college serves as the host institution. The urban college teacher delivers lectures to two classes simultaneously, through ‘Skype’ for rural students and face-to-face class interaction for urban colleges. The experiment was continued for four months to teach chemistry subjects. A focus group discussion was arranged for the class students after the successful completion of the connected classroom experiment. The data collected from the focus group discussion revealed that the participants enjoyed and appreciated learning through the experiment of the connected classroom, and they were satisfied at the end of the intervention. They expressed the learning through the connected classroom can be a useful alternative for the colleges facing the problems of shortage of teaching faculty. Students were happy that they got the opportunity of the connected classroom at the right time, and they completed their course well in time even when the teachers were not physically present there in the college. They consider the connected classroom is vital to reduce the distresses of poor village students. They say the permanent implementation of this strategy can assist and help rural students during the non-availability of teaching faculty.
The strategic relations of Pakistan and Russia in 21st Century
Authors: Dr. Imran Khan  , Dr. Karim Haider Syed  
Published: March 2021

A systematic investigation of the steps that Russia has taken after 9/11 to improve strategic relations with Pakistan gives an idea of ​​why it is moving so carefully towards Pakistan. Now it has become important to see what kind of steps Russia has taken to further enhance strategic relations with Pakistan. In June, 2014 the Russian leadership began negotiations to provide Pakistan with state-of-the-art war helicopters to combat drug traffickers (Ullah, 2014, p.1). This development has taken as a surprise in the international community and certainly is not one that can be easily overlooked. The United States and Europe are looking disturbed and some experts have made suppositions that Russia is maneuvering the withdrawal of NATO forces by increasing instability in Afghanistan to increase its role in the aftermath of the withdrawal of NATO forces. In the new situation, Pakistan will have to be strengthened at the front of foreign policy so that it can better cope with the state of affairs that can emerge after the withdrawal of NATO forces. Some experts believe that Russia no longer wanted to make things one-sided and want to increase the role of other stakeholders of the region in the solution of Afghanistan. In the past Russia has paid extraordinary attention to India and ignored Pakistan. These experts believe that Russia now wanted to create a balance of power in the region through cooperation with Pakistan and is trying not to give too much to any one country in the world. Talks between Pakistani Prime Minister Imran Khan and Russian President Putin during the SCO summit in June 2019 were highlighted in the national media of Pakistan and Russia as well as in the international media (Pakistan eyes new horizons with Russia, 2019). The history and nature of Pakistan-Russia relations have been very unique and interesting. Pakistan and Russia relations teach the lesson that elements like sentimentality, friendship, and enmity have no place in international relations. In the modern state system, these are the national interests, based on which the two states can come closer to each other and work together to achieve their goals by putting their difference of past behind the scene.
DNA barcoding of fishes from River Song, Dehradun, Uttarakhand using mitochondrial cytochrome-c oxidase-I gene
Authors: Thapliyal Madhu , Sati Bipin Kumar , Kumar Ravi , Chandra Tribhuwan , Thapliyal Ashish 
Published: March 2021

The entire Himalayan region is well known as a global hotspot for biodiversity. Many workers have documented different aspect of biodiversity. The Uttarakhand Himalaya region, a part of Himalayan system, is very rich in fresh water aquatic biodiversity because it has many fresh water streams and rivers within a short distance of 200 miles. All these fresh water bodies harbor diverse aquatic fauna with fishes being the most extensively studied. There are many fish species reported by many authors in Uttarakhand. Many of the fishes have similar morphological characters (morpho-metrics) and are difficult to identify. Attempts have been made to generate the DNA barcode of fishes but most of the attempt are limited to major rivers i.e. the Ganges and the Yamuna. Besides these two prominent river (the Ganges & the Yamuna), there are many supporting streams and small tributaries that are also inhabited by many species. No “long term” and “entire river scan” for fish species has ever been conducted in Uttarakhand. Our research aims to generate a molecular database (DNA Barcode) for entire fish species fauna in each small river/stream of Uttarakhand. Using a combination of morphometric & DNA bar-coding data will provide an efficient method for species level identification and contributes considerably to taxonomic and biodiversity research. The present study is first step towards establishing molecular taxonomy database of Uttarakhand based upon the bar coding pattern of cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene. We carried out an “entire river scan” of River Song (a tributary of river Ganges). 50 samples were collected from various sampling sites along the entire stretch of river and analyzed. Data was uploaded into the BOLD database and the analysis of data using this database suggests that the genetic variability (K2P distance) distribution of 50 individuals belonging with 15 species.The average intraspecific variation using K2P and NJ methods/models was assessed. The mean intraspecific distance was less than 1.45% for 32% of species. Mean K2P distance within species, genus and family was 0.1%, 16.3% and 21.70% respectively. Our results suggest that River Song has diverse fish fauna with substantial genetic diversity. Data from Barillius species suggests that this species has a very high variation. There is ahighly probability that as all the rivers are scanned new data on endemic and exotic fish fauna diversity will emerge which would be helpful in conservation efforts.
Seasonal abundance and effect of abiotic factors on mango leaf hopper Amritodus atkinsoni (Leth.) population on wild and different cultivators of mango in Jammu region
Authors: Sharma Shakha , Tara J.S 
Published: March 2021

The mango leaf hopper Amritodus atkinsoni (Leth.) is a very serious pest of mango in J&K region. A series of experiments were conducted on seasonal abundance and the influence of abiotic factors on the incidence of A. atkinsoni on wild and different cultivars of mango viz Dashehari, Langra, Malda and Amarpalli at Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology Jammu, and, at a mango orchard at Nagbani. The mango hoppers (adults) started appearing with the panicle emergence during the months of February-March and reached its peak ranging from 9.6 to 14.2 in wild and all cultivars under study during May-June. After this the hopper population started declining, but showed another peak (6.6 to 9.8) during August-September which is comparatively lower than the previous one. This clearly indicates that the species breeds twice a year thus a bivoltine species. From September onwards, the hoppers went on declining and vanished by the end of December as they migrate to cracks and crevices of tree trunk and overwinter as adults. Abiotic factors such as maximum temperature (X1), minimum temperature (X2), morning relative humidity (X3), evening relative humidity (X4) and rainfall (X5) had much impact on the growth of hopper population. The hopper population correlated negatively and significantly with morning relative humidity (r = -0.635 to - 0.816) and evening relative humidity (r = - 0.289 to - 0.556) and showed a significant positive correlation with mean maximum temperature (r = 0.692 to 0.915) and minimum temperature (r = 0.590 to 0.881) in wild and all four cultivars, whereas rainfall remained fluctuating throughout the study period thus didn’t show any significant impact.
WORK SUPERVISION POLICY COVID-19 EMERGENCY AGAINST THE EFFECTIVENESS OF EMPLOYEES HOTEL SUZUYA RANTAUPRAPAT
Authors: Halim Abd. , Syamsuri Abd. Rasyid 
Published: March 2021

Sebagai upaya dan mendukung himbauan pemerintah dalam menangani dan memutus mata rantai Covid-19 dalam kehidupan masyarakat, manajemen Suzuya Hotel Rantauprapat ikut serta dalam adaptasi terkait prosedur dan protokoler keamanan dan kesehatan karyawan dengan mengevaluasi pengawasan kerja dimasa darurat serta kaitannya dengan efektivitas kerja. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat dijelaskan bahwa peran perusahaan dalam menekan penyebaran Covid-19 dilingkungan kerja dengan melakukan peningkatan pengawasan kerja karyawan dapat meningkatkan efektivitas kerja dalam organisasi. Kebijakan manajemen Suzuya Hotel Rantauprapat meningkatkan protokoler keamanan melalui pengawasan kerja bagi setiap karyawan memberikan efek positif, penyampaian yang mudah dipahami serta indikator variabel yang tepat dalam mengukur pengawasan kerja dan efektivitas kerja manajemen Suzuya Hotel Rantauprapat sebagai bagian dari prosedur protokoler keamanan dan kesehatan kerja karyawan selama masa darurat Covid-19 berjalan efektif dan lancar meski berada di zona hijau
Simple action alters attention towards visual features
Authors: Wang Zixuan , Weidler Blaire J. , Sun Pei , Abrams Richard A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRecent studies have revealed an action effect, in which a simple action towards a prime stimulus biases attention in a subsequent visual search in favor of objects that match the prime. However, to date the majority of research on the phenomenon has studied search elements that are exact matches to the prime, and that vary only on the dimension of color, making it unclear how general the phenomenon is. Here, across a series of experiments, we show that action can also prioritize objects that match the shape of the prime. Additionally, action can prioritize attention to objects that match only one of either the color or the shape of the prime, suggesting that action enhances individual visual features present in the acted-on objects. The pattern of results suggests that the effect may be stronger for color matches – prioritization for shape only occurred when attention was not drawn to the color of the prime, whereas prioritization for color occurred regardless. Taken together, the results reveal that a prior action can exert a strong influence on subsequent attention towards features of the acted-on object.
Análisis de los elementos pedagógicos del currículo actual de la zona rural de Córdoba Colombia, para generar cultura de paz en la educación que se imparte en las zonas de post conflicto
Authors: Pérez Ortiz Marcelino Andrés , López Echaniz Eduardo Cola 
Published: March 2021

Esta investigación se realizó en el departamento de Córdoba-Colombia. Se buscó Identificar cuáles son los elementos pedagógicos del currículo educativo de la zona rural de córdoba Colombia, que podían contribuir para la construcción de una cultura enfocada hacia la paz desde la educación que se imparte. Se tomó al municipio de Tierralta como caso de estudio, dado su ubicación estratégica en la zona de conflicto del país durante el conflicto armado que azoto varios municipios de Colombia, entre ellos Tierralta. La zona de rural de Tierralta fue afectada por la violencia, hoy, después del proceso de paz, en el post conflicto, desde la educación se debe reparar o, por lo menos contribuir a la sanación de las secuelas de la violencia en los contextos de las instituciones educativas. Para ello es necesario que el currículo contenga elementos pedagógicos que ayuden a este proceso. Se encontró a través de una entrevista grupal, una entrevista semiestructurada a los directivos de Tierralta-zona rural, un estudio de casos y un análisis documental, que no hay suficientes elementos en el currículo para este fin, y que antes que nada se le ha añadido un cumulo de conceptos y contenidos temáticos que solo sirven como historia pero que no permean el tejido social de las instituciones educativas. Se propone un eje transversal no temático para ayudar al currículo de la zona rural de Tierralta a construir una cultura de paz en el post conflicto desde la educación que se imparte.
Aproximaciones de intervención política desde las ramas de poder público para la superación integral de la pobreza en América Latina
Authors: Diaz Castellar Abel Antonio 
Published: March 2021

El presente ensayo se realizó con el objetivo de plantear aproximaciones de intervención política desde las ramas de poder público para la superación integral de la pobreza en América Latina. Para ello se utilizó la metodología cualitativa, con técnica de análisis documental, mediante la revisión bibliográfica de bases de datos científicas, tales como Dialnet, Scielo, Redalyc, Researchgate y Google Scholar, previo ingreso de las siguientes expresiones en sus motores de búsqueda: como superar la pobreza en América Latina, intervención política a la pobreza y causas de la pobreza en América Latina. Como criterios de calidad, se tuvo en cuenta: la antigüedad (artículos no mayores a diez años desde su publicación), pertinencia del contenido y relevancia (credibilidad y transferibilidad), por el número de citaciones de otros autores. Como resultado, las aproximaciones de intervención política propuestas consisten en la unificación política de los países de América Latina y la definición de un Sistema Económico Regional, con ajustes a las funciones de las ramas del poder público. Así, en el poder legislativo, se propone el nombramiento por meritocracia y democracia de los dirigentes. En el poder ejecutivo, se proponen estrategias en cada ministerio que lo estructura, según su función. Por último, en el poder judicial, frente a delitos, además de la privación de la libertad, se proponen medidas formativas y de servicio comunitario. En conclusión, desde una mirada crítica, aunque las anteriores propuestas son necesarias, no son suficientes; adicionalmente, sus actores, deben ser motivados por principios de honestidad y ética profesional.
Una Solución al Método de Newton-Raphson de Orden Cuadrático para Acelerar la Convergencia de Algoritmos Iterativos de Varias Variables
Authors: Echeverria Briones Fabricio 
Published: March 2021

Actualmente se busca reducir los tiempos de ejecución de los algoritmos iterativos que son usados en las optimizaciones que ayudan a la sociedad a encontrar raíces, máximos y mínimos en soluciones a modelos de tipos prescriptivos. Estos algoritmos nacen como respuestas de las matemáticas aplicadas para que puedan ser ejecutadas en cualquier tipo de ordenadores y en lo que hoy en día predomina que son los ordenadores móviles, que por sus recursos limitados nos vemos obligados a disminuir el tiempo usado en el procesador, buscando la convergencia en problemas de funciones de muchas variables. Algunos algoritmos solo llegan a explotar los polinomios de grado 1, dejando por fuera algunas soluciones no lineales, que pueden acelerar la convergencia al aproximar la búsqueda la raíz de una función polinómica de grado 2. En este trabajo se van a demostrar cuáles serían las condiciones para que este tipo de modelos puedan converger, en modelos de 1 variable y de 2 variables, pudiendo determinar una generalidad sobre este tipo de expresiones. Finalmente, se procederá a experimentar con una herramienta sencilla de programación como una hoja de cálculo, para mostrar que existe rapidez en la convergencia hacia la raíz de la función.
On the Classification and Feature Relevance of Multiband Light Curves
Authors: Edes-Huyal Fatma Kuzey , Cataltepe Zehra , Kahya Emre O. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
With an expected torrent of data from the Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST), the need for automated identification of noisy and sparse light curves will increase drastically. In this paper, we performed classification of multiband astronomical light curves from the Photometric LSST Astronomical Time-series Classification Challenge (PLAsTiCC) data set via boosted neural nets, boosted decision trees, and a voted classifier for 14 astronomical categories. In order to deal with noisy features, we used wavelet decomposition together with feature selection. We also performed a feature ranking method using a neural network. Our method may be considered an alternative to random forests, which is known to favor features with more categories as relevant. We also investigated the class importance with neural nets using a one-versus-all approach which reduces the multiclass problem to a binary class problem.
The KMOS3D Survey: Investigating the Origin of the Elevated Electron Densities in Star-forming Galaxies at 1 ≲ z ≲ 3
Authors: Davies Rebecca L. , Schreiber N. M. Förster , Genzel R. , Shimizu T. T. , Davies R. I. , Schruba A. , Tacconi L. J. , Übler H. , Wisnioski E. , Wuyts S. , Fossati M. , Herrera-Camus R. , Lutz D. , Mendel J. T. , Naab T. , Price S. H. , Renzini A. , Wilman D. , Beifiori A. , Belli S. , Burkert A. , Chan J. , Contursi A. , Fabricius M. , Lee M. M. , Saglia R. P. , Sternberg A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We investigate what drives the redshift evolution of the typical electron density (n

e
) in star-forming galaxies, using a sample of 140 galaxies drawn primarily from KMOS3D (0.6 < z < 2.6) and 471 galaxies from SAMI (z < 0.113). We select galaxies that do not show evidence of active galactic nucleus activity or outflows to constrain the average conditions within H ii regions. Measurements of the [S ii]λ6716/[S ii]λ6731 ratio in four redshift bins indicate that the local n

e
in the line-emitting material decreases from 187

cm−3 at z ∼ 2.2 to 32

cm−3 at z ∼ 0, consistent with previous results. We use the Hα luminosity to estimate the rms n

e
averaged over the volumes of star-forming disks at each redshift. The local and volume-averaged n

e
evolve at similar rates, hinting that the volume filling factor of the line-emitting gas may be approximately constant across 0 ≲ z ≲ 2.6. The KMOS3D and SAMI galaxies follow a roughly monotonic trend between n

e
and star formation rate, but the KMOS3D galaxies have systematically higher n

e
than the SAMI galaxies at a fixed offset from the star-forming main sequence, suggesting a link between the n

e
evolution and the evolving main sequence normalization. We quantitatively test potential drivers of the density evolution and find that n

e
(rms)

, suggesting that the elevated n

e
in high-z H ii regions could plausibly be the direct result of higher densities in the parent molecular clouds. There is also tentative evidence that n

e
could be influenced by the balance between stellar feedback, which drives the expansion of H ii regions, and the ambient pressure, which resists their expansion.
FANTASY: User-friendly Symplectic Geodesic Integrator for Arbitrary Metrics with Automatic Differentiation
Authors: Christian Pierre , Chan Chi-kwan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We present FANTASY (Finally A Numerical Trajectory Algorithm both Straightforward and sYmplectic), a user-friendly, open-source symplectic geodesic integrator written in Python. FANTASY is designed to work “out of the box” and does not require anything from the user aside from the metric and the initial conditions for the geodesics. FANTASY efficiently computes derivatives up to machine precision using automatic differentiation, allowing the integration of geodesics in arbitrary space(times) without the need for the user to manually input Christoffel symbols or any other metric derivatives. Further, FANTASY utilizes a Hamiltonian integration scheme that doubles the phase space, where two copies of the particle phase space are evolved together. This technique allows for an integration scheme that is both explicit and symplectic, even when the Hamiltonian is not separable. FANTASY comes prebuilt with second- and fourth-order schemes, and is easily extendable to higher-order schemes. FANTASY also includes an automatic Jacobian calculator that allows for coordinate transformations to be done automatically.