bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of the Hepatic Tissue Remodeling Regulators MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in the Progression of Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Skuratov A. G. , Lyzikov A. N. , Voropaev E. V. , Osipkina O. V. , Tereshkov D. V. , Golubykh N. M. , Yatsuk M. N. , Kondrachuk A. N. , Kozlov A. E. 
Published: November 2021

Objective: to study the level of the hepatic tissue remodeling regulators MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in the blood of patients with the progression of chronic diffuse liver diseases.Material and methods. The object of the study was 80 patients with chronic diffuse liver diseases (chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis). The concentration of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in the blood of the patients was determined by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results: As chronic diffuse liver diseases progressed, a statistically significant decrease in the level of MMP-9 in the blood of the patients was revealed, which was reflected in the decreased intensity of the extracellular matrix resorption processes and transformation of chronic hepatitis into liver cirrhosis. The activity of TIMP-1 which suppressed the fibrolytic effects of MMP-9, was statistically significantly higher in the viral etiology of liver cirrhosis, which probably led to more rapid progression of liver fibrosis associated with the presence of hepatitis C and В viruses.
Molecular Genetic Diagnostics and Features of the Species Structure of the Pathogenic Flora in Chlamydia and Mycoplasma Infection of the Respiratory Tract in Children
Authors: Glinkina T. V. 
Published: November 2021

Objective : to determine the features of the infection caused by Сhlamydia trachomatis, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Mycoplasma hominis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children with bronchitis and pneumonia and to improve the methodology of molecular genetic diagnostics of the respiratory infections caused by chlamydia and mycoplasma.Material and methods. 272 children aged 0-17 diagnosed with bronchitis, pneumonia, were examined for the presence of chlamydia-mycoplasma respiratory tract infection by Realtime PCR.Results. The study has revealed a high proportion of chlamydia and mycoplasma associations (23 %) with the predominance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae - 73 %. The identification of the associations Сhlamydia trachomatis , Сhlamydia pneumoniae , Mycoplasma hominis , Mycoplasma pneumoniae in bronchitis and pneumonia in the children was optimized by the use of Realtime PCR with Chlamydiaceae- and Mycoplasma-specific primers.Conclusion . To confirm the etiological role of chlamydia and mycoplasma in the development of respiratory pathology in children, it is promising to apply the specific and highly sensitive method of molecular genetic diagnostics - Real-time PCR.
Choosing the Optimal Ultrasound Method for the Measurement of the Amount of Visceral Adipose Tissue
Authors: Pimanov S. I. , Bondarenko V. M. , Makarenko E. V. 
Published: November 2021

The aim of the study was to determine the best options for the ultrasound (US) evaluation of the amount of visceral adipose tissue (VAT), taking into account the time spent on these investigations, availability of visualization of anatomical landmarks, reproducibility of methods and correlation of the measurement results with data obtained by computed tomography (CT), as well as the operational characteristics of the ROC analysis of the boundary values of the VAT amount in metabolic syndrome, arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease (CHD), and erectile dysfunction (ED).The ultrasound measurement of VAT of various localization was performed in 337 patients aged 18-65. The selection of the optimal options for the ultrasound measurement of VAT was based on the qualimetric analysis.For the ultrasound diagnosis of VAT, taking into account the integrative assessment of ranks, it seems optimal to measure the area of the lower part of perinephric adipose tissue, as well as the distance between the inner surface of the rectus abdominis muscle and the anterior or posterior wall of the aorta. Increased thickness of epicardial and pericardial VAT is typical for patients with CHD and ED.
The Features of the Course and Outcomes of HIV Infection Diagnosed at the Stage of Pronounced Immunosuppression
Authors: Matsiyeuskaya N. V. 
Published: November 2021

Objective: to present the features of the course and outcomes of HIV infection diagnosed at the stage of pronounced immunosuppression.Material and methods. Based on the primary CD4 + T-lymphocytes count, 492 patients living with HIV were divided into 2 groups: group 1 - 220 patients (CD4 + TL less than or equal to 350 cells/μl), group 2 - 272 patients (CD4 + TL more than 350 cells/µl). The statistical analysis was performed using the package «Statisticа» v.10.Results. Among the patients of the first group there were more men than in the second group: 136 (61.8 %) and 125 (46 %), p < 0.001, respectively; more patients in HIV clinical stages 3 and 4 - 52.7 % and 27.6 %, p < 0.05; more ART patients: 208 (94.5 %) and 148 (54.4 %) p < 0.001, respectively. The levels of T-helpers and IRI (immunoregulatory index) in the patients of group 2 in the follow-up dynamics remained significantly higher compared with those of the patients of group 1. The incidence of tuberculosis was higher in group 1: 33 (15 %) and 15 (5.5 %), respectively, p < 0.05. In the first group, 23 (10.5 %) patients died, in the second - 9 (3.3 %), p < 0.003.Conclusion. HIV-infection at the stage of pronounced immunosuppression was diagnosed in 220 patients - 44.7 % (95 % CI: 40.4-49.1) of the cases. Severe immunosuppression in the primarily diagnosed patients was associated with the presence of HIV clinical stages 3 and 4 (OR - 2.9; 95 % CI: 2.0-4.3), higher incidence rates of tuberculosis (OR - 3.02; 95 % CI: 1.6-5.7) and fatal outcomes (OR - 3.4; 95 % CI: 1.5-7.5), a slower increase in T-helpers and IRI counts.
The Pedagogical Basis for the Organization of Professional Self-Determination Among Junior Medical Students
Authors: Chernysheva L. V. 
Published: November 2021

Objective: to identify the main pedagogical techniques of the organization of an educational environment for indirect and purposeful management of the process of personal and professional development of specialists in a medical school.Material and methods. The following methods were applied: the methods of theoretical analysis including philosophical, psychological and educational, the method of methodological literature on the problem, problem analysis in existing practice; methods of observation and sociological methods.Results. In order to ensure successful professional selfdetermination of all year medical students, it is necessary: to specify important professional qualities of general practitioners and the requirements for their competitiveness; to develop a modular program of the development of the students` subjective position and the criterion basis for evaluation of the levels of their professional selfdetermination; to develop programs for personal and professional selfdetermination of students and their pedagogical assistance, to develop methodical recommendations for professors on how to create conditions for successful adaptation of students and their professional selfdetermination.Conclusion. The developing sociocultural and educational environment of a medical university favors the formation of professionally significant qualities of doctors to be, provided students constantly reconsider their roles in different social groups, their status in the educational process, positions in educational and professional and sociocultural situations, which is inherent from the necessity to communicate and interact with people.
Comparative Characteristics of the Somatometric Parameters of City School Children of Belarus aged 8-16 Examined in the Period from 1925 to 2010-2012
Authors: Kozakevich N. V. , Melnik V. A. 
Published: November 2021

Objective: to study the changes of the somatometric parameters of city school children of Belarus aged 8-16 over time in the period from 1925 to 2010-2012.Material and methods. To study the somatometric parameters, over 2010-2012 the city school children (1423 boys and 1438 girls) aged 8-16 were examined by the method of V. V. Bunak. The following somatometric parameters were measured in the examined schoolchildren: body length and body weight, chest circumference. To assess the changes in the dynamics of the somatometric parameters of the city school children of Belarus over time, the obtained data were compared to the corresponding data obtained by Р. М. Моnоszоn-Luibina in 1925, by S. A. Lialikov and S. D. Orehovy over 1989-1997.Results. It has been found that the city school children of Belarus examined over 2010-2012 are characterized by higher indices of the somatometric parameters (body length and body weight, chest circumference) (p < 0.05-0.001) as compared to their peers examined in 1925, and 1989-1997.Conclusion. The comparative analysis of the obtained data has made it possible to establish the presence of the process of acceleration in the city school children of Belarus aged 8-16 at the beginning of the 21st century.
Application of Video-EEG Monitoring in a Baby with a Paroxysmal Condition
Authors: Skuratova N. A. , Pobedin D. A. , Siz M. A. 
Published: November 2021

Objective: to justify the application of video-EEG monitoring in babies with paroxysmal conditions based on the description of a clinical case of a paroxysmal condition in an 11-monthold baby.Material and methods. The 11-monthold patient Ilya K. having a paroxysmal condition of unknown etiology was directed to be examined at the Neurological Ward of Gomel Regional Children`s Clinical Hospital. According to the data of video-EEG monitoring prescribed to the patient to clarify the nature of the paroxysmal events, the child had had an attack that had occurred suddenly and had been accompanied by impaired consciousness.Results. Based on the description of the clinical case of the baby examined on the subject of convulsive syndrome of unspecified genesis, the application of video-EEG monitoring has been proved to be as a highly informative and high-tech method for the diagnosis of paroxysmal conditions in pediatrics and pediatric neurology, which makes it possible to make differential diagnosis of seizures in children, thereby verifying the diagnosis.Conclusion. The diagnosis of paroxysmal conditions in children remains a difficult task for pediatric neurologists and pediatricians and requires an integrated approach, in-depth examination of patients with the application of modern neuroimaging functional methods for the examination of the brain, and video-EEG monitoring can be fundamental in the diagnosis verification. It is necessary to widely introduce this research method in medicine, in particular in functional diagnostics in pediatrics and pediatric neurology, which will help optimize approaches in the diagnosis and management of patients with paroxysmal conditions. The application of video-EEG monitoring will allow to make high quality diagnosis of the disease, and therefore contribute to the rational choice of therapy, including the timely and adequate prescription of antiepileptic therapy.
Influence of non-conventional risk factors on peripheral arterial diseases
Authors: Lyzikov A. A. , Kulikovich Y. K. , Sharshakova T. M. , Kulikovich D. B. 
Published: November 2021

Objective: to study the effect of non-conventional risk factors on the progression of peripheral artery diseases.Material and methods. The study involved 250 patients (76.8 % men (192 patients) and 23.2 % women (58 patients)). The non-conventional risk factors among the patients were identified using the «Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale» (HADS), «Scales for assessing the level of reactive and personal anxiety» (Ch. D. Spilberger, Yu. L. Khanin). The degree of chronic arterial insufficiency was determined in accordance with the classification of Pokrovsky-Fontaine (1985). The statistical analysis of the obtained data was performed by means of the «Statistica» 8.0 program, using the Pearson χ2 criterion. Differences between the groups were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05.Results. A high prevalence rate of personal (95.2% of the patients) and reactive (91.6 % of the patients) anxiety has been revealed among patients with peripheral artery disease. Higher levels of personal and reactive anxiety have been found among patients with critical ischemia threatened by limb loss (group 3) (46.0 (41.0; 50.0); 47.0 (43.0; 51.0), respectively) compared with the values in groups 1 and 2 of the patients.
Comparison of data on locoregional radiofrequency ablation therapy and surgical resection of malignant liver tumors at Gomel regional clinical oncology center
Authors: Murashko K. L. , Kudrashou V. A. , Yurkovskiy A. M. 
Published: November 2021

Objective: to perform a comparative analysis of postoperative complications and hospital stay terms of in-patients with malignant liver tumors after atypical liver resection and locoregional radiofrequency ablation of liver metastases.Material and methods. We analyzed the data of 295 patients with malignant liver tumors who had undergone surgical resection or radiofrequency ablation of tumor nodes.Results. We have systemized the direct results of locoregional radiofrequency ablation under sonographic control and liver resection. 45 patients (17.8 %) after liver resection and 1 (2.3 %) patient after radiofrequency ablation developed grade III–IV complications according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. The frequency of complications is statistically significantly lower after radiofrequency ablation. The duration of hospital stay after radiofrequency ablation therapy was 4.5 ± 2.5 days. After surgical liver resection, patients stayed in hospital for 10.7 ± 2.3 days.Conclusion. Locoregional therapy provides a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of complications and reduces the duration of hospital stay compared to liver surgery.
On the question of determining a necessity to use conduits of biological origin in reconstructive surgical interventions in acute arterial insufficiency
Authors: Lyzikov A. A. , Kaplan M. L. , Tihmanovich V. E. , Kulikovich Yu. K. , Straltsov V. A. 
Published: November 2021

Objective: to determine a necessity to use grafts of biological origin in patients with acute arterial insufficiency.Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of 212 medical records of patients with acute arterial insufficiency of the lower limbs undergoing in-patient treatment at the Vascular Surgery Ward of the institution «Gomel Regional Clinical Cardiology Center» from 2007 to 2019 has been carried out. Statistical processing of the study results has been performed using GoogleSheet, Statskingdom. Differences between groups were considered to be statistically significant at p < 0.05.Results. Surgical interventions were performed on the arteries of the lower limbs in 22.4 % of patients having acute thrombosis in their medical history. In 97.1 % of the cases, repeated surgery was required on the arteries of the same lower limb. Autologous veins were used as conduits in 26.3 % of the cases, and synthetic explants were used in 73.7 % of the patients. Among the total number of surgeries, autologous materials were used as plastic material in 40 % of bypasses, and synthetic explants were used in 60 % of the cases.Conclusion. The study has shown the necessity to use materials of biological origin as plastic material for the treatment of acute arterial insufficiency.
Intraoperative hemodynamic monitoring of peripheral circulation in surgical decision making in lower extremity arterial disease
Authors: Gorokhovsky S. Yu. , Lyzikov A. A. , Kaplan M. L. , Tihmanovich V. E. 
Published: November 2021

Objective: to evaluate the results of correction of lower extremity arterial disease using invasive intraoperative hemodynamic monitoring of peripheral circulation and to assess the influence of this method on selection of surgical tactics.Material and methods. The outcomes of revascularization were compared in patients of two comparable groups: the patients of the first group had undergone interventions under intraoperative hemodynamic monitoring of peripheral circulation in addition to angiography, and for the patients of the second group a decision about the extent of correction had been made on the basis of angiography without intrapeorational functional evaluation.Results. The application of the above method made it possible to decrease the length of the performed reconstructions: 90 mm (80; 125) in the first group vs. 70 mm (112.5; 247.5) (p = 0.018) in the second group with a comparable satisfactory outcome. The postoperative ABI values after the interventions in the first and second groups amounted to 0.86 (0.78; 1) and 0.8 (0.7; 0.86), respectively, which was associated with a favorable clinical prognosis in these patients.Conclusion. The use of invasive intraoperative hemodynamic monitoring makes it possible to decrease the extent of reconstructions in multisegment lesions with the achievement of a satisfactory clinical outcome.
Pathologic continuum in lumbosacral ligamentosis: comparison of sonographic and histologic data
Authors: Yurkovskiy A. M. 
Published: November 2021

Objective:to establish sonographic criteria allowing determining the stage of the pathologic continuum in lumbosacral ligamentosis.Material and methods.The sonographic data were compared with the results of the morphological studies of the samples of the iliolumbar ligaments, long dorsal sacroiliac ligaments, and sacrotuberous ligaments in 100 corpses. The age range of the studied subjects was 25–90 years. Among them, there were 64 men (average age 62.4 ± 11.8 years) and 36 women (average age 58.8 ± 15.1 years). Sonography of the ligament samples was performed in Bmode and using Multi-Slice View technology (Voluson 730 Expert and Toshiba Aplio XG ultrasound scanner, scanning frequency — 16–18 MHz).Results.A sonographic pattern inherent in the stage of adaptive changes, the stage of potentially reversible changes, and the stage of irreversible changes has been determined.Conclusion.Sonography can be used for a sufficiently accurate assessment of the stage of the pathologic continuum in lumbosacral ligamentosis.
JUVENILE NASOPHARYNGEALANGIOFIBROMA: OUR EXPERIENCE AND LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Adeel Niaz  , Muhammad Iqbal  , Muhammad Ilyas  , Ghulam Dastgir Khan  , Riaz Ahmed Shahid  , Muhammad Tariq  
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma is a benign vasculartumor.It is commonly found in teen age males. Its site of origin is sphenopalatine foramen. Exact pathogenesis of angiofibroma is not known. It has predictable natural history and growth pattern. This tumor most often involves nasopharynx, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pterygopalatine fossa and infratemporal fossa. It can also involve orbit and can spread intracranially. Its very important to diagnose this tumor very early on the basis of clinical examination and imaging. As early tumor confined to nose and sinuses can be removed exclusively with endoscope. It is very helpful to do angiography before surgery to ascertain itsblood supply and then embolization can be done to reduce intraoperative bleeding. Objective: To describe our experience of Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma cases in ENT Unit-I of Lahore General Hospital. Study Design: Descriptive Study with retrospective analysis after approval from Institutional Review Board (IRB) of LGH/PGMI/AMC Lahore. Methods: We studied 20 patients who underwent surgery in our department from October 2019 to October 2020. We analyzed following factors: age, gender, symptoms, staging, mode of surgery and need for intraoperative blood transfusion, hospital stay, complications and recurrences. Results: Range of patient’s age was 12 to 25 years. Eight patients underwent surgery with endoscope. Mean blood loss was about 400 ml and mean operating time was 140 minutes. All the cases were embolized preoperatively. Conclusion: Endoscopic surgery is a safe and effective method in early stage JNA patients. While patients with advance stage tumors should be managed with combined endoscopic and conventional open approaches.
KEYWORDS: juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma, JNA, endoscopic surgery
UNUSUAL PRESENTATION OF REACTIVE ARTHRITIS AFTER SALMONELLA ENTERITIS IN A 6-YEAR-OLD BOY
Authors: Akhtar Samina , Yawar Faiz Belqees , Bhinder Khurram Khaliq , Gul Salma , A.Khan Ijaz , Saeed Wahla Madiha 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT:
Reactive arthritis, formerly called Reiter’s syndrome is extra-articular oligoarthropathy, which can be due to bacterial infection or genetic predisposition. The infections are either urogenital (chlamydia being most notorious) or gastrointestinal (e.g. salmonella, yersinia, etc.). The human leukocyte antigen (HLA-B27) antigen has been implicated as the most common predisposing factor. Reactive arthritis often involves the joints of the lower limb. Bacterial enteric infections are a potential threat in a Pediatric population that can be due to an acute illness or its sequelae. Reactive arthritis following outbreaks of enteric infections with Salmonella is uncommon in the pediatric population. We report a rare case of a 6 years old boy who came to ER with high-grade fever and severe pain in the right iliac fossa. Clinical diagnosis of appendicitis was made by the physicians on physical exam but after radio-pathological investigation like CBC, ESR, CRP, Blood culture, USG abdomen, CT abdomen, and MRI, diagnosis of reactive arthritis secondary to salmonella enteritis was made and the patient underwent right hip arthrotomy after which he was discharged. Thus, imaging played a pivotal role in the right diagnosis of a patient with proper management guidelines. This also showed that salmonella enteritis can present atypically mimicking septic arthritis or acute appendicitis. Reactive arthritis after salmonella infection is a very rare and one of its kind case reported in Pakistan.