bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of a Lncrnas-Based Nomogram for Survival Prediction in Neuroblastoma Patients
Authors: Lv Yong , Jin ShuGuang , Xiang Bo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundTreatment of neuroblastoma is evolving toward precision medicine. LncRNAs can be used as prognostic biomarkers in many types of cancer.MethodsBased on the RNA-seq data from GSE49710, we built a lncRNAs-based risk score using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operation (LASSO) regression. Cox regression, receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the association of the LASSO risk score with overall survival. Nomograms were created and then validated in an external cohort from TARGET database. Gene set enrichment analysis was performed to identify the significantly changed biological pathways. ResultsThe 16-lncRNAs-based LASSO risk score was used to separate patients into high-risk and low-risk groups. In GSE49710 cohort, the high-risk group exhibited a poorer OS than those in the low-risk group (P<0.001). Moreover, multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that LASSO risk score was an independent risk factor (HR=6.201;95%CI:2.536-15.16). The similar prognostic powers of the 16-lncRNAs were also achieved in the external cohort and in stratified analysis. In addition, a nomogram was established and worked well both in the internal validation cohort (C-index=0.831) and external validation cohort (C-index=0.773). The calibration plot indicated the good clinical utility of the nomogram. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) indicated that high-risk group was related with cancer recurrence, metastasis and inflammatory associated pathways.ConclusionThe lncRNA-based LASSO risk score is a promising and potential prognostic tool in predicting the survival of patients with neuroblastoma. The nomogram combined the lncRNAs and clinical parameters allows for accurate risk assessment in guiding clinical management.
HIV virological non-suppression and its associated factors amongst children on antiretroviral therapy at a major paediatric treatment centre in Southern Ghana: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Afrane Adwoa K. A. , Goka Bamenla Q. , Renner Lorna , Yawson Alfred Edwin , Alhassan Yakubu , Owiafe Seth N. , Agyeman Seth , Sagoe Kwamena W.C , Kwara Awewura 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection require lifelong effective Antiretroviral Therapy (ART). The aim of ART in HIV-infected persons is sustained viral suppression. There is limited information on virological non-suppression or failure and its associated factors in children in resource limited countries, particularly Ghana.
Methods
A cross-sectional study of 250 children aged 8 months to 15 years who had been on ART for at least 6 months attending the Paediatric HIV clinic at Korle Bu Teaching hospital in Ghana was performed. Socio-demographic, clinical, laboratory and ART Adherence related data were collected using questionnaires as well as medical records. Blood samples were obtained for viral load and CD4+ count determination. Viral load levels > 1000 copies/ml on ART was considered virological non-suppression. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with virological non-suppression.
Results
The mean (± SD) age of the study participants was 11.4 ± 2.4 years and the proportion of males was 53.2%. Of the 250 study participants, 96 (38.4%) had virological non-suppression. After adjustment for significant variables, the factors associated with non-suppressed viral load were female gender (AOR 2.51 [95% CI 1.04–6.07], p = 0.041), having a previous history of treatment of tuberculosis (AOR 4.95 [95% CI 1.58–15.5], p = 0.006), severe CD4 immune suppression status (CD4% < 15% / CD4+ count < 200 cells/mm 3) at study recruitment (AOR 24.93 [95% CI 4.92-126.31], p < 0.001) and being on a Nevirapine based regimen (AOR 7.93 [95% CI 1.58–1.15], p = 0.005).
Conclusion
The prevelance of virological non-suppression was high. Virological non-suppression was associated with a previous history of TB treatment, female gender, severe CD4 immune suppression status (CD4% <15% / CD4+ count < 200 cells/mm3), at study recruitment and being on a Nevirapine based regimen. Early initiation of ART and phasing out Nevirapine based regimen might improve viral load suppression in children. In addition, children with a history of TB may need focused measures to maximize virological suppression.
Robot-Assisted, Laparoscopic, and Open Radical Cystectomy (RC): Pre-Operative Data of 1400 Patients From The Italian Radical Cystectomy Registry (RIC)
Authors: Porreca Angelo , Busetto Gian Maria , Colicchia Michele , Palmer Katie , Artibani Walter , Antonelli Alessandro , Bianchi Lorenzo , Bocciardi Aldo , Brunocilla Eugenio , Carini Marco , Carrieri Giuseppe , Cormio Luigi , Falagario Ugo Giovanni , De Berardinis Ettore , Sciarra Alessandro , Leonardo Costantino , Giudice Francesco Del , Maggi Martina , de Cobelli Ottavio , Ferro Matteo , Musi Gennaro , Ercolino Amelio , Maida Fabrizio Di , Gallina Andrea , Introini Carlo , Mearini Ettore , Cochetti Giovanni , Minervini Andrea , Montorsi Francesco , Schiavina Riccardo , Serni Sergio , Simeone Claudio , Parma Paolo , Serao Armando , Mangano Mario Salvatore , Pomara Giorgio , Ditonno Pasquale , Simonato Alchiede , Romagnoli Daniele , Crestani Alessandro , D'Agostino Daniele 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Introduction: the Italian Radical Cystectomy Registry (RIC) is an observational prospective study aiming to understand clinical variables and patient characteristics associated with short- and long-term outcomes among bladder cancer (BC) patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC). Moreover, it compares the effectiveness of three RC techniques - open, robotic, and laparoscopic.Methods: from 2017 to 2020, 1400 patients were enrolled at one of the 28 centers across Italy. Patient characteristics, as well as preoperative, postoperative, and follow-up (3, 6, 12, and 24 months) clinical variables and outcomes were collected. Results: preoperatively, it was found that patients undergoing robotic procedures were younger (p<.001) and more likely to have undergone preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy (p<.001) and BCG instillation (p<.001). Hypertension was the most common comorbidity among all patients (55%), and overall, patients undergoing open and laparoscopic RC had a higher Charlson Comorbidities Index (CCI) compared to robotic RC (p<.001). Finally, laparoscopic patients had a lower G-stage classification (p=.003) and open patients had a higher ASA score (p<.001). Conclusion: the present study summarizes the characteristic of patients included in the RIC. Future results will provide invaluable information about outcomes among BC patients undergoing RC. This will inform physicians about the best techniques and course of care based on patient clinical factors and characteristics.
The Transcriptional Regulation and Ubiquitination Dependent Regulation of Hnrnpk Oncogenic Function in Prostate Tumorigenesis
Authors: Wu Huan-Lei , Li Sen-Mao , Huang Yao-chen , Xia Qi-Dong , Zhou Peng , Li Xian-Miao , Yu Xiao , Wang Shao-Gang , Ye Zhang-Qun , Hu Jia 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK) is a nucleic acid-binding protein that regulates diverse biological events. Pathologically, hnRNPK proteins are frequently overexpressed and clinically correlated with poor prognosis to various types of human cancers, therefore pursued as attractive therapeutic targets for selective patients. However, both the transcriptional regulation and degradation of hnRNPK in prostate cancer are remain poorly understood.
Methods
qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of hnRNPK and miRNA; Immunoblots and immunohistochemical assays were used to determine the levels of hnRNPK and other proteins. Flow cytometry was used to investigate cell cycle stage. MTS and clonogenic assays were used to investigate cell proliferation. Immunoprecipitation was used to analyze the interaction between SPOP and hnRNPK. A prostate carcinoma xenograft mouse model was used to detect the in vivo effects of hnRNPK and miRNA.
Results
In the present study, we observed that hnRNPK emerged as an important player in carcinogenesis process of PrCa. miR-206 and miR-613 suppressed hnRNPK expression by targeting the 3’-UTR of hnRNPK in PrCa cell lines, where hnRNP K is overexpressed. In biological effects studies, proliferation and colony formation of PrCa cells in vitro, and tumor growth in vivo, were also dramatically suppressed upon reintroduction of miR-206/ miR-613. We have further provided clear evidence that Cullin 3 SPOP as a novel upstream E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that governs hnRNPK proteins stability and oncogenic functions through promoting the degradation of HnRNP K in a poly-ubiquitinaion dependent proteolysis in the prostate cancer setting. Moreover, prostate cancer-associated SPOP mutants fail to interact with and promote the destruction of hnRNPK proteins.
Conclusion
Our finding reveal new post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications mechanism of hnRNPK regulation via miR-206/ miR-613 and SPOP, respectively. More important, given the critical oncogenic role of hnRNPK and high frequency of SPOP mutation in prostate cancer, our results provide a molecular rationale for the clinical investigation of novel strategies to combat prostate cancer based on SPOP genetic status.
Lipid droplets modulate proteostasis, SQST-1/SQSTM1 dynamics, and lifespan in C. elegans
Authors: Kumar Anita , Mills Joslyn , Parker Wesley , Leitão Joshua , Ng Celeste , Patel Rishi , Aguilera Joseph , Johnson Joseph , Wong Shi Quan , Lapierre Louis 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The ability of organisms to live long depends largely on the maintenance of proteome stability via proteostatic mechanisms including translational regulation, protein chaperoning and degradation machineries. In several long-lived Caenorhabditis elegans strains, such as insulin/IGF-1 receptor daf-2 mutants, enhanced proteostatic mechanisms are accompanied by elevated intestinal lipid stores, but the role of lipid droplets in longevity has remained obscure. Here, while determining
the regulatory network of the selective autophagy receptor SQST-1/SQSTM1, we unexpectedly uncovered a novel role for lipid droplets in proteostasis and longevity. Using an unbiased genomewide RNAi screening approach, we identified several SQST-1 modulators, including proteins found on lipid droplets and those prone to aggregate with age. SQST-1 accumulated on lipid droplets when autophagy was inhibited, suggesting that lipid droplets may serve a role in facilitating selective autophagy. Expansion of intestinal lipid droplets by silencing the conserved cytosolic triacylglycerol lipase gene atgl-1/ATGL enhanced autophagy, and extended lifespan in an HSF-1/HSF1-dependent and CDC-48/VCP-dependent manner. Silencing atgl-1 mitigated the age-related accumulation of SQST-1 and reduced overall ubiquitination of proteins. Reducing atgl-1 also improved proteostasis in a nematode model of Alzheimer’s disease. Subcellular analyses revealed that lipid droplets unexpectedly harbor more ubiquitinated proteins than the cytosol. Accordingly, low lipid droplet levels exacerbated the proteostatic collapse when autophagy or proteasome function was compromised. Altogether, our study uncovers a key role for lipid droplets in C. elegans as a proteostatic mediator that reduces protein ubiquitination, facilitates autophagy, and promotes longevity.
Effect of Zinc Oxide on the Efficiency Enhancement of Al/Li2O/PSi/Si/Al solar cell
Authors: Al-Hussan Shahlaa M. Abd , Bakr Nabeel A. , Abd Ahmed N. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this paper, electrochemical etching of the p-type silicon wafer is used to prepare p-type porous silicon with current density of 10 mA.cm− 2 for 10 minutes. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) has been used to study porous silicon layer surface morphology. Zinc oxide and lithium oxide nanoparticles are prepared separately by chemical precipitation method and simple precipitation method, respectively and deposited on glass substrates by drop casting method. Moreover,, the structural properties of the films were analyzed by using XRD and SEM. The XRD results showed that the ZnO and Li2O films are polycrystalline with hexagonal wurtzite structure and cubic structure, and preferred orientation along (101) and (003) planes, respectively. Using Scherrer's formula, the crystallite size was measured and it was found that ZnO and Li2O thin films have a crystallite size of 22.04 and 45.6 nm respectively. Surface topography of the prepared thin films is studied by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Later, certain proportions of both materials were mixed and deposited on porous silicon using drop casting method at thickness of 1.4 µm. After that, the characteristics of the solar cell were investigated. Mixing zinc oxide nanoparticles in particular proportions with lithium oxide played a major role in increasing the solar cell's performance. The highest prepared film efficiency was obtained at mixing ratio (0.5: 0.5) for (ZnO: Li2O) and its value was (11.09 %).
Global dynamics for a non-smooth Filippov system with the threshold strategy
Authors: Zhu Yuxun , Liu Lu , Zhang Zhengdi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this study, the Leslie-Gower model with functional response is extended into a non-smooth Filippov system by applying IPM strategies. Once the number of pests reaches or surpasses the given economic threshold(ET), spraying pesticides and releasing the natural enemy are implemented simultaneously. In order to maintain the pest population at or below ET, global dynamics of the proposed model are investigated completely, including the existence of sliding mode and various equilibria, sliding dynamics and global stability of equilibria. The result shows that real equilibrium cannot coexist with the unique pseudo-equilibrium. In particular, after excluding the existence of any possible limit cycle, the global stability of equilibria is obtained by employing qualitative and numerical techniques. In the end, the effect of our work on pest control are discussed.
Replumbing the Bengal Basin: A Shift in Recharge Driven by Groundwater Irrigation Revealed by Stable Water Isotopes
Authors: Jameel Yusuf , Stahl Mason , Michael Holly , Bostick Benjamin , Steckler Mike , Schlosser Peter , Geen Alexander van , Harvey Charles 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Groundwater supports agriculture and provides domestic water for over 250 million people in the Bengal Basin. Our analysis of stable water isotope ratios in rain, surface, and groundwater shows that the proportion of groundwater recharge originating from stagnant surface water bodies has increased by about 50% over the last seventy years while the relative contribution from direct infiltration of rain has decreased. This regional shift in the source of groundwater shows how the simultaneous expansion of irrigated rice, excavated ponds and groundwater pumping has changed the hydrologic system by cycling evaporated standing water through the subsurface. Analysis of water isotope data also reveals that most recharge from standing water enters during the latter part of the dry season (February-April), while most rainwater recharge occurs in the early months of the monsoon (June-August) before aquifers fill to capacity and reject additional recharge of rainwater.
Reliability allocation of rotary ultrasonic vibration-assisted EDM machine tool based on maximum entropy ordered weighted average and constraint under the index of overall cost
Authors: Xu Minggang , Fu Hao , Tian Wang , Lyu Binbin , Jiang Zihao , Guan Baosheng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Rotary ultrasonic vibration-assisted EDM is a composite machining method which uses EDM technology to process metal surface and adds rotation and ultrasonic vibration. In this paper, the failure rate of each module of the rotary ultrasonic vibration-assisted EDM machine tool can be accurately predicted by the maximum entropy ordered weighted average algorithm so that the corrected maintenance cost can be predicted. And effective control of preventive maintenance costs can be achieved by selecting the best maintenance times under the premise of reliability. The results showed that the reliability of rotary ultrasonic vibration-assisted EDM machine tool is smoother at non-fixed maintenance intervals by varying the maintenance interval according to the comparison between non-fixed and fixed maintenance cycle. The cost of corrective maintenance can be reduced by varying the measurement to achieve cost optimization in the context of reliability with an optimum number of maintenance cycles and reliability.
Prognosis of Very Elderly Patients After Intensive Care
Authors: Michel Philippe , FADEL Fouad , Plantefève Gaëtan , Ehrmann Stephan , Gelée bruno 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Very elderly patients (aged over 85 years) are increasingly treated in intensive care units (ICU) despite the reluctance of doctors to admit these patients considered fragile. Only a few studies in this age group have described the relevance of treatment of these patients in the intensive care unit. Methods: he inclusion criterion for this study was patients aged 85 years or over on admission. The exclusion criteria were high dependence before admission or an inability to answer the telephone. Epidemiological data, antecedents, lifestyle, autonomy (ADL score of six items) were recorded on admission to the ICU and by telephone interview at six months. Results: Eight French ICU included 239 patients aged over 85 years. The most common diagnoses were non-cradiogenic lung disease (36%), severe sepsis / septic shock (29%) and acute pulmonary oedema (28%). 23% of patients were dependent on admission. 71% of patients were still living when discharged from the ICU and 52% were still living at 6 months. Among the non-dependent patients before hospitalisation, 17% became dependent. The only prognostic criteria found were the SAPS II score on admission and the place of residence before admission (nursing home or ”with family” had a poor prognosis). Conclusions: Although the prognosis of these very elderly patients was good after hospitalisation in the ICU, it should be noted that the population was highly selected with few comorbidities or dependence. No triage criteria could be proposed. ClinicalTrials.gov Identiﬁer: NCT02849756
Liver Failure in Pregnancy: A Retrospective Study of 62 Cases
Authors: Han Zhenyan , Zhou Jin , Zhang Peizhen , Tan Zhangmin , He Tiantian , Hou Hongying , Yin Yuzhu , Zhang Yuan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Liver failure in pregnancy is a rare but potentially severe disease with a high rate of short-term morbidity and mortality, while there is still a lack of accurate diagnosis, effective treatments and prognostic indicators for liver failure in pregnancy. This study aims to retrospectively investigate the clinical characteristics of liver failure in pregnancy caused by AFLP and hepatitis B, and to explore the potential prognostic indicators. Methods: Sixty-two pregnant women with symptoms and signs of hepatic dysfunction, admitting to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2019 were retrospectively recruited. The baseline clinical characteristics, in-hospital mortality and changes of important laboratory examination parameters during hospitalization were determined.Results: The in-hospital mortality rate of liver failure in pregnancy was 27.4% and most of the deaths were recorded in the first 7 days after admission. Patients suffered in-hospital death had a significant lower gestational age, a higher incidence rate of hepatorenal syndrome and were more likely to receive hysterectomy but less likely to receive intrauterine balloon tamponade. The baseline aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, indirect bilirubin and platelet levels were significantly higher, while cholinesterase, prothrombin activity and creatinine levels were significantly lower in patients with in-hospital death than that in patients discharged alive. The change tendencies of total bilirubin level and prothrombin activity were greatly different between patients with in-hospital deaths and patients discharged alive. Some differences in baseline clinical characteristics between different underlying etiologies of pregnant patients with liver failure were also detected.Conclusions: The mortality rate of liver failure in pregnancy is high especially within 7 days after admission. The change tendencies of total bilirubin and prothrombin activity were greatly different between dead and survived patients with liver failure during hospitalization, which suggested that these parameters might be important prognostic factors of liver failure in pregnancy and their alterations should be carefully tracked.
Signals of Cardiovascular Issues with COVID19 Vaccines in VAERS
Authors: Clark Matthew 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
While COVID19 vaccines have been administered to over 100 million patients, a small minority (40,000) have reported adverse events, and an even smaller fraction have reported cardiovascular issues (~500). There have been reporting of a few unusual cardiovascular events associated with some varieties of COVID19 vaccines resulting in pauses of use. Here we analyze the reports of adverse events associated with the COVID19 vaccines in the FDA Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) database to apply standard methods of detecting safety signals.
In this work we apply this methodology to reports in the FDA VAERS database and have identified concerning signals for pulmonary embolism and myocardial infarction associated with COVID19 vaccines. These signals are compared with cardiovascular events reported in connection with influenza (FLU3) vaccines that are administered to a similar population. While signals of these events are higher for COVID19 than other vaccines, the incidence rates are comparable to the normally expected rate for non-vaccinated individuals.
Impact of Tenofovir Alafenamide Vs. Entecavir on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B
Authors: Lee Hye Won , Cho Young Youn , Kim Beom Kyung , Lee Hyein , Lee Jae Seung , Kim Seung Up , Park Jun Yong , Kim Do Young , Ahn Sang Hoon , Park Soo Young 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background & aims: Whether entecavir (ETV) or tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) is better at preventing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development among patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains unclear. The present study was conducted to explore the ability of these two antivirals to prevent HCC.Methods: From 2012 to 2019, treatment-naïve CHB patients undergoing ETV or TAF therapy were recruited at three academic teaching hospitals. The TAF group comprised patients starting TAF as first-line antiviral and those switching antivirals from tenofovir disoproxil fumarate to TAF. Patients with decompensated cirrhosis or HCC at enrollment were excluded from the analysis. Cumulative probabilities of HCC were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method.Results: In total, 1,810 patients (1,525 and 286 in ETV and TAF groups, respectively) were recruited. The annual HCC incidence was statistically not different between the ETV and TAF groups (1.67 vs. 1.19 per 100 person-years, respectively) with an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 0.681 (p=0.255), as determined by multivariate analysis. Male, hypertension, liver cirrhosis, FIB-4 index, and albumin were independent prognostic factors for HCC development. Propensity score-matched and inverse probability of treatment weighting analyses yielded similar results, with non-statistically different HCC incidence between the ETV and TAF groups (1.07 vs. 1.19 per 100 person-years (HR=0.973; p=0.953) and 1.67 vs. 1.89 per 100 person-years, respectively (HR=0.949; p=0.743).Conclusions: These findings suggest that ETV- and TAF-treated CHB patients have similar risk of developing HCC. Further studies with the larger sample size and longer follow-up are needed to validate these results.