bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socievolezza e agency
Authors: Pirozzi Salvatore , Rossi-Doria Marco 
Published: June 2021

Gli autori hanno fatto parte, dal 1997, di una comunitŕ di pratiche che, nei Quartieri Spagnoli di Napoli, ha lavorato contra scuola di seconda occasione (buona pratica dell'Ue),dei ragazzi, anche nella prospettiva di una migliore transizione scuola-lavoro. Qui provano a ripensare alle esperienze degli anni passati che vengono rinominate alla luce delle teorie incontrate e, in particolare, delle categorie die di. Le esperienze sembrano mostrare e insegnare che ilč possibile e promettente se ha luogo insieme alle giovani persone in crescita con cui i maestri di strada interloquiscono entro il complesso contesto con il quale entrambi fanno i conti. La voce/e la capacitŕ di aspirare/sono componenti fondamentali di tutto ciň. E indicano vie di decisiva importanza per il. Che, tuttavia, le Istituzioni faticano molto a riconoscere.
Vilfredo Pareto: verso una teoria integrata dei fenomeni economico-sociali?
Authors: Faucci Riccardo 
Published: June 2021

- The paper shows the intimate connection among the various branches of Pareto's research interests, in order to reconstruct the genuine path of development of his analysis of human action. A special attention is devoted to the 2006 critical edition of his Manuel.JEL classification: B 13; B 31; B 41.Keywords: Neoclassical thought through 1925; Pareto; Economic Methodology.
The imperial conquest and reordering of the production, processing, distribution and consumption of food: a theoretical contribution
Authors: van der Ploeg Jan Douwe 
Published: June 2021

- Empire is a new mode of ordering and governance. Food empires are monopolistic networks that control large, and expanding, parts of the production, processing, distribution and consumption of food. But food empires are not necessarily involved in the physical realities associated with these processes. Food empires control the routing and the associated transformation of agricultural and food products. In this respect food empires clearly represent an "invisible hand", a series of combined and repeated interventions into the markets that together represent "extra- economic power". Empires (and food empires particularly) do not only center on control, they simultaneously represent the appropriation and centralization of value. Due to Empire, value has, as it were, become footloose; it is increasingly becoming "a ghost".Key words: empire; imperial networks; food production; world market; global exclusion; theory of value.
ДОСВІД ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ МЕДИЧНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ВІЙСЬК (СИЛ) В ОПЕРАЦІЇ ОБ`ЄДНАННИХ СИЛ
Authors: Лозовий Михайло , Воробйов Олег , Власов Ігор , Чапля Микола 
Published: June 2021

Вивчення особливостей роботи медичної служби Збройних Сил України щодо планування, організації та реалізації медичного забезпечення в мирний та воєнний час в різноманітних умовах є пріоритетним напрямком її діяльності. Відповідно вимогам керівних документів медичне забезпечення військ (сил) повинно бути організовано в будь яких умовах діяльності військ (сил): як при веденні бойових дій, так і в умовах повсякденної діяльності військ.) В умовах сучасної гібридної війни на організацію медичного забезпечення військ (сил) впливають фактори оперативної, бойової, медичної та тилової обстановки. Тому для планування медичного забезпечення військ (сил) в Операції об’єднаних сил (АТО) необхідно ці фактори вивчити, проаналізувати їх вплив на організацію медичного забезпечення, зробити висновки і на їх підставі прийняти рішення на організацію медичного забезпечення. В статті розглядаються питання, що стосуються факторів, які впливають на організацію медичного забезпечення військових частин і з’єднань, загальних принципів застосування сил медичної служби в ООС (АТО), особливостей їх застосування в різни періоди операції.
Метою даної статті є вивчення умов діяльності медичної служби під час проведення ООС (АТО), загальних принципів і способів застосування сил і засобів медичної служби ЗС України під час проведення ООС. Автори розглядають порядок(варіанти) використання прийомів скорочення часу для надання першої лікарської, кваліфікованої та спеціалізованої медичної допомоги шляхом створення нових медичних формувань (підрозділів), які раніше не були передбачені, а також інтеграційними процесами в систему цивільної охорони здоров’я Визначається, що вказані шляхи використання сил і засобів медичної служби як МО України, так і МОЗ України суттєво скорочують терміни надання першої лікарської, кваліфікованої та спеціалізованої медичної допомоги військовослужбовцям ЗС України.
ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ТЕХНІЧНОГО СТАНУ СКЛАДОВИХ ВТОРИННИХ ДЖЕРЕЛ ЖИВЛЕННЯ ЗА ФІЗИКО-ХІМІЧНИМИ ПРОЦЕСАМИ В ЕЛЕКТРОЛІТИЧНИХ КОНДЕНСАТОРАХ ПІД ЧАС ЕКСПЛУАТАЦІЇ
Authors: Міночкін Анатолій , Кузавков Василь , Погребняк Сергій 
Published: June 2021

Умови сьогодення та перспективи розвитку ЗС України вимагають підвищення надійності телекомунікаційного обладнання, як складової системи управління. Стан та умові існування власного військово-промислового комплексу, не дозволяють в повній мірі забезпечити війська достатньою кількістю нових зразків сучасного телекомунікаційного обладнання. Одним зі способів вирішувати поставлені завдання є продовження терміну експлуатації наявного телекомунікаційного обладнання. Це можливо реалізувати шляхом здійснення якісного, своєчасного та повного технічного обслуговування. Таким чином, важливим завданням існуючої системи технічного обслуговування та ремонту стає пошук нових та удосконалення існуючих методів визначення технічного стану телекомунікаційного обладнання, підвищення достовірності прогнозу його працездатності.
Виходячи зі сказаного в даній статті проаналізовано та узагальнено основні проблемні питання, які стосуються системи діагностування телекомунікаційного обладнання. Розглянуті особливості експлуатації вторинних джерел живлення сучасного телекомунікаційного обладнання подвійного призначення. Описано специфіку використання електролітичних конденсаторів у вторинних джерелах живлення сучасного телекомунікаційного обладнання подвійного призначення. Проведений порівняльний аналіз існуючих на теперішній час способів діагностування. Запропоновано альтернативну можливість визначення фактичного технічного стану зазначених елементів (без вилучення зі схеми) в реальному часі безконтактним індукційним методом спираючись на досліджені фізико-хімічні процесів в них.
Percepções atribuídas por enfermeiros sobre a relação entre a inovação e a enfermagem
Authors: Oliveira Kauan Tamandaré , Dal Ben Luiza Watanabe 
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: Descrever as percepções de enfermeiros gestores sobre a relação da Enfermagem com a inovação no processo de trabalho. Método: Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, exploratório, realizado em um hospital especializado oncológico, de grande porte, de alta complexidade e filantrópico, localizado na região central da cidade de São Paulo. Resultados: Participaram 54 enfermeiros envolvidos no processo de trabalho administrar em enfermagem. Os entrevistados apresentaram alta percepção sobre enfermagem e inovação. A representação na inovação na enfermagem está vinculada a criação de materiais e equipamento. Discussão: A inovação é um assunto importante para o cenário de saúde e faz parte da gestão e do processo de trabalho, amadurecido através de ensino, educação continuada e vivência. Conclusões: A inovação, sem sombra de dúvida, proporciona o sucesso ao processo e ao sistema de saúde e, portanto, a ausência de um método de inovação influencia a falta de clareza no dia a dia. provoca a baixa ou não valorização do tema na prática.
Quantitative MRI to Characterize the Nucleus Pulposus Morphological and Biomechanical Variation According to Sagittal Bending Load and Radial Fissure, an ex vivo Ovine Specimen Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: Deneuville Jean-Philippe , Yushchenko Maksym , Vendeuvre Tanguy , Germaneau Arnaud , Billot Maxime , Roulaud Manuel , Sarracanie Mathieu , Salameh Najat , Rigoard Philippe 
Published: June 2021

Background and context: Low back pain is a dramatic burden worldwide. Discography studies have shown that 39% of chronic low back pain patients suffer from discogenic pain due to a radial fissure of intervertebral disc. This can have major implications in clinical therapeutic choices. The use of discography is restricted because of its invasiveness and interest in it remains low as it represents a static condition of the disc morphology. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) appears to be less invasive but does not describe the biomechanical dynamic behavior of the fissure.Purpose: We aimed to seek a quantitative MRI protocol combined with ex vivo sagittal loading to analyze the morphological and biomechanical changes of the intervertebral disc structure and stress distribution.Study design: Proof of concept.Methods: We designed a proof-of-concept ovine study including 3 different 3.0 T-MRI sequences (T2-weighted, T1 and T2 mapping). We analyzed 3 different mechanical states (neutral, flexion and extension) on a fresh ovine spine specimen to characterize an intervertebral disc before and after puncturing the anterior part of the annulus fibrosus. We used a mark tracking method to calculate the bending angles and the axial displacements of the discal structures. In parallel, we created a finite element model to calculate the variation of the axial stress and the maximal intensity shear stress, extrapolated from our experimental boundary conditions.Results: Thanks to an original combination of specific nuclear relaxation time quantifications (T1, T2) of the discal tissue, we characterized the nucleus movement/deformation into the fissure according to the synchronous mechanical load. This revealed a link between disc abnormality and spine segment range of motion capability. Our finite element model highlighted significant variations within the stress distribution between intact and damaged disc.Conclusion: Quantitative MRI appears to provide a new opportunity to characterize intra-discal structural morphology, lesions and stress changes under the influence of mechanical load. This preliminary work could have substantial implications for non-invasive disc exploration and could help to validate novel therapies for disc treatment.
TMSB4 Overexpression Enhances the Potency of Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Myocardial Repair
Authors: Tang Shiyuan , Fan Chengming , Iroegbu Chukwuemeka Daniel , Zhou Wenwu , Zhang Zhigong , Wu Ming , Chen Wangping , Wu Xiaoming , Peng Jun , Li Zhihong , Yang Jinfu 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveThe actin-sequestering proteins, thymosin beta-4 (Tβ4) and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, are known to be associated with angiogenesis after myocardial infarction (MI). Herein, we aimed to identify the mechanism of HIF-1α induction by Tβ4 and investigate the effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMMSCs) transfected with the Tβ4 gene (TMSB4) in a rat model of MI.MethodsRat BMMSCs were isolated, cultured, and transfected with the TMSB4 gene by using the lentivirus-mediated method. Rats with surgically induced MI were randomly divided into three groups (n = 9/group); after 1 week, the rats were injected at the heart infarcted border zone with TMSB4-overexpressed BMMSCs (BMMSC-TMSB4OE), wild-type BMMSCs that expressed normal levels of TMSB4 (BMMSC-TMSB4WT), or medium (MI). The fourth group of animals (n = 9) underwent all surgical procedures necessary for MI induction except for the ligation step (Sham). Four weeks after the injection, heart function was measured using transthoracic echocardiography. Infarct size was calculated by TTC staining, and collagen volume was measured by Masson staining. Angiogenesis in the infarcted heart area was evaluated by CD31 immunofluorescence histochemistry. In vitro experiments were carried out to observe the effect of exogenous Tβ4 on HIF-1α and explore the various possible mechanism(s).ResultsIn vivo experiments showed that vascular density 4 weeks after treatment was about twofold higher in BMMSC-TMSB4OE-treated animals than in BMMSC-TMSB4WT-treated animals (p &lt; 0.05). The cardiac function and infarct size significantly improved in both cell-treatment groups compared to controls. Notably, the cardiac function and infarct size were most prominent in BMMSC-TMSB4OE-treated animals (both p &lt; 0.05). HIF-1α and phosphorylated HIF-1α (p-HIF-1α) in vitro were significantly enhanced by exogenous Tβ4, which was nonetheless blocked by the factor-inhibiting HIF (FIH) promoter (YC-1). The expression of prolyl hydroxylase domain proteins (PHD) was decreased upon treatment with Tβ4 and further decreased with the combined treatment of Tβ4 and FG-4497 (a specific PHD inhibitor).ConclusionTMSB4-transfected BMMSCs might significantly improve recovery from myocardial ischemia and promote the generation of HIF-1α and p-HIF-1α via the AKT pathway, and inhibit the degradation of HIF-1α via the PHD and FIH pathways.
Using Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking to Explore the Mechanism of Shan Ci Gu (Cremastra appendiculata) Against Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Wang Yan , Zhang Yunwu , Wang Yujia , Shu Xinyao , Lu Chaorui , Shao Shiliang , Liu Xingting , Yang Cheng , Luo Jingsong , Du Quanyu 
Published: June 2021

Background: In recent years, the incidence and mortality rates of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have increased significantly. Shan Ci Gu is commonly used as an anticancer drug in traditional Chinese medicine; however, its specific mechanism against NSCLC has not yet been elucidated. Here, the mechanism was clarified through network pharmacology and molecular docking.Methods: The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database was searched for the active ingredients of Shan Ci Gu, and the relevant targets in the Swiss Target Prediction database were obtained according to the structure of the active ingredients. GeneCards were searched for NSCLC-related disease targets. We obtained the cross-target using VENNY to obtain the core targets. The core targets were imported into the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins database, and Cytoscape software was used to operate a mesh chart. R software was used to analyze the Gene Ontology biological processes (BPs) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment. The core targets and active compounds were molecularly docked through Auto-Dock Vina software to predict the detailed molecular mechanism of Shan Ci Gu for NSCLC treatment. We did a simple survival analysis with hub gene to assess the prognosis of NSCLC patients.Results: Three compounds were screened to obtain 143 target genes and 1,226 targets related to NSCLC, of which 56 genes were related to NSCLC treatment. Shan Ci Gu treatment for NSCLC involved many BPs and acted on main targets including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), ESR1, and SRC through signaling pathways including the endocrine resistance, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, and ErbB signaling pathways. Shan Ci Gu might be beneficial for treating NSCLC by inhibiting cell proliferation and migration. Molecular docking revealed that the active compounds β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, and 2-methoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene-4,5-diol had good affinity with the core target genes (EGFR, SRC, and ESR1). Core targets included EGFR, SRC, ESR1, ERBB2, MTOR, MCL1, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), MMP9, KDR, and JAK2. Key KEGG pathways included endocrine resistance, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, ErbB signaling, PI3K-Akt signaling, and Rap1 signaling pathways. These core targets and pathways have an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of NSCLC cells.Conclusion: Shan Ci Gu can treat NSCLC through a multi-target, multi-pathway molecular mechanism and effectively improve NSCLC prognosis. This study could serve as a reference for further mechanistic research on wider application of Shan Ci Gu for NSCLC treatment.
Coupled Modeling and Simulation of Phase Transformation in Zircaloy-4 Fuel Cladding Under Loss-of-Coolant Accident Conditions
Authors: Lu Wenjun , Qian Libo , Zhou Wenzhong 
Published: June 2021

Under loss-of-coolant conditions, the temperature on fuel cladding will increase rapidly (up to 1000–1500 K), which will not only cause a dramatic oxidation reaction of Zircaloy-4 and an increase in hydrogen concentration but also cause an allotropic phase transformation of Zircaloy-4 from hexagonal (α-pahse) to cubic (β-phase) crystal structure. As we all know, thermophysical properties have a close relationship with the microstructure of the material. Moreover, because of an important influence of the phase transformation on the creep resistance and the ductility of the fuel rod, studying the crystallographic phase transformation kinetics is pivotal for evaluating properties for fuel rod completeness. We coupled the phase transformation model together with the existing physical models for reactor fuel, gap, cladding, and coolant, based on the finite element analysis and simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics. The critical parameter for this transformation is the evolution of the volume fraction of the favored phase described by a function of time and temperature. Hence, we choose two different volume fractions (0 and 10%) of BeO for UO2-BeO enhanced thermal conductivity nuclear fuel and zircaloy cladding as objects of this study. In order to simulate loss-of-coolant accident conditions, five relevant parameters are studied, including the gap size between fuel and cladding, the temperature at the extremities of the fuel element, the coefficient of heat transfer, the linear power rate, and the coolant temperature, to see their influence on the behavior of phase transformation under non-isothermal conditions. The results show that the addition of 10vol%BeO in the UO2 fuel decreased the phase transformation effect a lot, and no significant phase transformation was observed in Zircaloy-4 cladding with UO2-BeO enhanced thermal conductivity nuclear fuel during existing loss-of-coolant accident conditions.
Blood Cardioplegia Induction, Perfusion Storage and Graft Dysfunction in Cardiac Xenotransplantation
Authors: Goerlich Corbin E. , Griffith Bartley , Singh Avneesh K. , Abdullah Mohamed , Singireddy Shreya , Kolesnik Irina , Lewis Billeta , Sentz Faith , Tatarov Ivan , Hershfeld Alena , Zhang Tianshu , Strauss Erik , Odonkor Patrick , Williams Brittney , Tabatabai Ali , Bhutta Adnan , Ayares David , Kaczorowski David J. , Mohiuddin Muhammad M. 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundPerioperative cardiac xenograft dysfunction (PCXD) describes a rapidly developing loss of cardiac function after xenotransplantation. PCXD occurs despite genetic modifications to increase compatibility of the heart. We report on the incidence of PCXD using static preservation in ice slush following crystalloid or blood-based cardioplegia versus continuous cold perfusion with XVIVO©heart solution (XHS) based cardioplegia.MethodsBaboons were weight matched to genetically engineered swine heart donors. Cardioplegia volume was 30 cc/kg by donor weight, with del Nido cardioplegia and the addition of 25% by volume of donor whole blood. Continuous perfusion was performed using an XVIVO©Perfusion system with XHS to which baboon RBCs were added.ResultsPCXD was observed in 5/8 that were preserved with crystalloid cardioplegia followed by traditional cold, static storage on ice. By comparison, when blood cardioplegia was used followed by cold, static storage, PCXD occurred in 1/3 hearts and only in 1/5 hearts that were induced with XHS blood cardioplegia followed by continuous perfusion. Survival averaged 17 hours in those with traditional preservation and storage, followed by 11.47 days and 15.03 days using blood cardioplegia and XHS+continuous preservation, respectively. Traditional preservation resulted in more inotropic support and higher average peak serum lactate 14.3±1.7 mmol/L compared to blood cardioplegia 3.6±3.0 mmol/L and continuous perfusion 3.5±1.5 mmol/L.ConclusionBlood cardioplegia induction, alone or followed by XHS perfusion storage, reduced the incidence of PCXD and improved graft function and survival, relative to traditional crystalloid cardioplegia-slush storage alone.
Mucosal and Systemic Immune Responses to Salmon Gill Poxvirus Infection in Atlantic Salmon Are Modulated Upon Hydrocortisone Injection
Authors: Amundsen Marit M. , Tartor Haitham , Andersen Kathrine , Sveinsson Karoline , Thoen Even , Gjessing Mona C. , Dahle Maria K. 
Published: June 2021

Salmon Gill Poxvirus Disease (SGPVD) has emerged as a cause of acute mortality in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) presmolts in Norwegian aquaculture. The clinical phase of the disease is associated with apoptotic cell death in the gill epithelium causing acute respiratory distress, followed by proliferative changes in the regenerating gill in the period after the disease outbreak. In an experimental SGPV challenge trial published in 2020, acute disease was only seen in fish injected with hydrocortisone 24 h prior to infection. SGPV-mediated mortality in the hydrocortisone-injected group was associated with more extensive gill pathology and higher SGPV levels compared to the group infected with SGPV only. In this study based on the same trial, SGPV gene expression and the innate and adaptive antiviral immune response was monitored in gills and spleen in the presence and absence of hydrocortisone. Whereas most SGPV genes were induced from day 3 along with the interferon-regulated innate immune response in gills, the putative SGPV virulence genes of the B22R family were expressed already one day after SGPV exposure, indicating a potential role as early markers of SGPV infection. In gills of the hydrocortisone-injected fish infected with SGPV, MX expression was delayed until day 10, and then expression skyrocketed along with the viral peak, gill pathology and mortality occurring from day 14. A similar expression pattern was observed for Interferon gamma (IFNγ) and granzyme A (GzmA) in the gills, indicating a role of acute cytotoxic cell activity in SGPVD. Duplex in situ hybridization demonstrated effects of hydrocortisone on the number and localization of GzmA-containing cells, and colocalization with SGPV infected cells in the gill. SGPV was generally not detected in spleen, and gill infection did not induce any corresponding systemic immune activity in the absence of stress hormone injection. However, in fish injected with hydrocortisone, IFNγ and GzmA gene expression was induced in spleen in the days prior to acute mortality. These data indicate that suppressed mucosal immune response in the gills and the late triggered systemic immune response in the spleen following hormonal stress induction may be the key to the onset of clinical SGPVD.