bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urban Heat and Urban Cool Islands of Different Land Use Types in Cuiabá, Brazil
Authors: Souza Natallia Sanches e , Nogueira Marta Cristina de Jesus Albuquerque , Santos Flávia Maria de Moura , Sanches Luciana 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Urban heat islands (UHIs), urban cool islands (UCIs), and their varying effects due to land use/land cover types and the local climate were investigated from 2014 to 2015 in three urban zones located in Cuiabá city, Brazil, during hot-humid, and hot-dry periods. All the urban zones were analysed for land use/land cover type, local climate, and rate of warming and cooling based on the difference in air temperature (ΔT) between the urban zones and the rural zone located outside the urban perimeter. The annual UHI effect in all the urban zones exhibited varying intensities during the day, with the highest daytime intensity recorded after the sunrise. The duration of UHI effect varied with land use/land cover type; a consequence of high built-up density, verticalization, waterproof surface, and other peculiarities of urban areas. In the urban zones with high built-up density, the duration of UHI effect was observed for up to 24 h, while in the urban areas with low built-up density, the maximum duration of UHI effect was 8 h. On an average, during the daytime, the urban zone with approximately 70% of vegetation cover and water bodies recorded a UCI value of approximately –8 °C, whereas the urban zones with approximately 80% waterproof surface and bare land recorded a UCI value close to +2 °C during the hot-dry and hot-humid periods. The results indicate that land use and land cover types directly influence UHI intensity.
A Retrospective Study of 657 Women With Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia (VaIN)
Authors: Meng Fanhui , Cao Yunyun , Wang Yudong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the clinical characteristics of patients with VaIN and identify more sensitive diagnostic methods.Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed 657 patients with VaIN from the International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Shanghai during a ten-year period. Results: Among the 657 patients, 26.5% were diagnosed with VaIN 2/3. The proportions of patients with VaIN 2/3 among those who did and did not undergo hysterectomy were 39.5% and 24.7%, respectively. The sensitivity of cytology for VaIN in those with only VaIN, VaIN concomitant with cervical or vulvar lesions, and posthysterectomy VaIN was 56.7%, 66.5%, and 72.3%, respectively. The sensitivity of hrHPV for VaIN in the same categories was 87.7%, 86.5%, and 74.3%, respectively. The sensitivity of cytology and hrHPV cotesting for VaIN in the same categories was 95.2%, 95.6%, and 95.0%, respectively. In patients who did not undergo hysterectomy, HPV16 was detected in 9.5% of VaIN 1 lesions among the HPV DNA-positive patients, while the other 12 types of HPV were detected in 62.6% of VaIN 1 lesions. In patients who underwent hysterectomy, HPV16 was detected in 2.1% of VaIN 1 lesions, and the other 12 types of HPV were detected in 54.2% of VaIN 1 lesions.Conclusions: A combination of cytology and colposcopy could increase the sensitivity of the diagnosis of VaIN. The other 12 high-risk types of HPV positive may be more closely related to VAIN 1, more attention should be paid.
Analysis on the Spatio-Temporal Evolution and Influencing Factors of China's Grain Production
Authors: Li Shaoting , Zhang Daojun , Xie Yuan , Yang Chao 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The rapid economic development and climate change have accelerated the changes in China's food production and have a potential impact on food security. In this paper, the grain sown area from 2001 to 2019 was selected to analyze the spatio-temporal evolution and driving factors of China's grain production through spatial autocorrelation analysis and geographically weighted regression. Our findings were as follows: (1) From the perspective of time characteristics, China's grain production from 2001 to 2019 experienced four stages: rapid decline, rapid growth, steady growth, and slow decline, although with an overall upward trend. (2) From the perspective of spatial characteristics, the overall spatial pattern had a significant positive correlation. The high values were mainly concentrated in Shandong, Anhui and Jilin, and moved to the northeast China as time went on. (3) In terms of influencing factors, the positive impact of agricultural labor force on the grain production gradually decreased, showing a decreasing trend from southwest to northeast. The promotion of agricultural mechanization on the grain production increased year by year, with the spatial distribution characteristics of high in the northeast and low in the southwest. Besides, the coefficient of water resources endowment was negative, showing a spatial distribution pattern of high north and low south.
Prediction of Surface Plasmon Resonsnce and More Accurate Representation of Absorption Features Both Below and Above the Bandgap in ZnO Nanorods array – Au Heterostructures
Authors: Qaemi Mahla , Hasanzadeh Abdollah 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Well-oriented zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO NRs) arrays have been grown by low temperature chemical bath deposition on seeded substrates. A gold thin film has obliquely been deposited by DC magnetron sputtering on the ZnO NRs array. The structure, mophology/ chemical identity, vibrational identity have been studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field effect- scanning electron microscope/ energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FE-SEM/EDX) and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. The FCC structure of Au is formed on vertically oriented ZnO NRs-array. The wavelength dependent photocurrent of ZnO NRs array-Au heteronanostructure (HNS) was evaluated by photogain response under red, green and blue laser illuminations. Surface plasmon excitation activates selective response to green laser exposure. An analytical dispersion formalism has been constructed to fit experimental absorption spectrum over wide spectrum range and to extract precise bandgap energy, subband tailing, dielectric constant and carrier effective mass. The proposed model exploits the Frouhi–Bloomer (FB) parameterization and Gaussian oscillator dispersion to the complex dielectric function for Au decorated ZnO NRs array. Sharp variation in the optical absorption around the bandgap edge and the absorption behavior beyond the bandgap edge are covered as well. It is surprising that the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is included without new formalism. The new model has been satisfactorily tested on CuO optical absorption.
Skin Targeting of An Optimized Caffeine Nanostructured Lipid Carrier With Improved Efficiency Against Chemotherapy Induced Alopecia
Authors: Makky Amna , Sadddar Eman , galaa Doaa , Khattab Abeer 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The current investigation was designed to develop and optimize caffeine-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for topical alopecia treatment. Screening of drug solubility in various excipients was executed. The 23 full factorial design was employed for NLCs optimization. Lipid type, surfactant type, and drug concentration were the independent variables. Entrapment efficiency (EE), particle size, polydispersity index (PDI) and % drug release were the chosen responses. Physiochemical evaluation, in vitro release, ex-vivo permeation, and stability study were achieved. The solubility of caffeine in stearic acid and glyceryl monostearate (GMS) was 47.11 ± 3.048 and 32.67 ± 2.955 mg/g, respectively. Oleic acid: garlic oil mixture at ratio 1:1 v/v was the oily phase. Tween 80 and Cremophor EL, Transcutol HP, carbonate buffer (pH 10.8 and ionic strength 200Mm) were chosen as a surfactant, co-surfactant, and aqueous phase, respectively. The optimized formula showed particle size, %EE, PDI, zeta potential of 358nm, 72.55 %, 0.912, -24.8, respectively. The % release was 92.9 ± 4.9 % after 4hours. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed an improved permeation of caffeine-loaded NLCs to the whole skin layers. The histological examination proved the efficiency of caffeine NLCs optimized formula on promoting hair growth compared to the market formula.
Reversible Epigenetic Alterations Regulate Class I HLA Loss in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Rodems Tamara , Henninger Erika , Stahlfeld Charlotte , Gilsdorf Cole , Carlson Kristin , Kircher Madison , Singh Anupama , Krueger Timothy , Beebe David , Jarrard David , McNeel Douglas , Haffner Michael , Lang Joshua 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Downregulation of HLA class I (HLA-I) impairs immune recognition and surveillance in prostate cancer and may underlie the ineffectiveness of checkpoint blockade. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating HLA-I loss in prostate cancer have not been fully explored. Here, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of HLA-I genomic, epigenomic and gene expression alterations in primary and metastatic human prostate cancer. Loss of HLA-I gene expression was associated with repressive chromatin states including DNA methylation, histone H3 tri-methylation at lysine 27, and reduced chromatin accessibility. Pharmacological DNMT and HDAC inhibition decreased DNA methylation and increased H3 lysine 27 acetylation and resulted in re-expression of HLA-I on the surface of tumor cells. Re-expression of HLA-I on LNCaP cells by DNMT and HDAC inhibition increased activation of co-cultured PSMA27-38-specific CD8+ T-cells. Methylated HLA-I was detected in HLA-Ilow circulating tumor cells (CTCs), which may serve as a biomarker for identifying patients who would benefit from epigenetic targeted therapies.
Coronavirus Spread Limitation Using Detective Smart System
Authors: Ismail Morsy , Galal Osama , Saad Waleed 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Given the circumstances the world is going through due to the novel coronavirus (Covid-19); this paper proposes a new smart system that aims to reduce the spread of the virus. The proposed Covid-19 containment system is designed to be installed outside hospitals and medical centers. Additionally, it works at night as well as at daylight. The system is based on Deep Learning applied to pedestrian temperature data sets that are collected using thermal cameras. The data set is primarily of temperature of pedestrians around medical centers. The thermal cameras are paired with conventional cameras for image capturing and cross referencing the target pedestrian with an existing central database (Big Data). If target is positive, the system sends a text message to the potentially infected person's cell phone upon recognition. The advisory sent text may contain useful information such as the nearest testing or isolation facility. This proposed system is assumed to be linked with the bigger network of the country’s Covid-19 response efforts. The simulation results reveal that the system can achieve an average precision of 90% fever detection among pedestrians.
Morphological and Phylogenetic Analyses Reveal Two New Species of Sporocadaceae From Hainan, China
Authors: Zhang Zhaoxue , Mu Taichang , Liu Shubin , Liu Rongyu , Zhang Xiuguo , Xia Jiwen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Species of Sporocadaceae have often been reported as plant pathogens, endophytes or saprobic, commonly isolated from a wide range of plant hosts. The isolated fungi were studied through a complete examination based on multi-locus phylogeny of a combined dataset of ITS/TUB2/TEF1-α, in conjunction with morphological characteristics. Nine strains isolated from Schima superba, Ficus microcarpa and Ilex chinensis in Hainan Province, China, represented four species, viz, Monochaetia schimae sp. nov., Neopestalotiopsis haikouensis sp. nov., Neopestalotiopsis piceana and Pestalotiopsis licualacola.
Serum Complement Protein C3a Level is Associated With Anti dsDNA Ab in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: a Brief Report
Authors: Cai Yao-Hua , Deng Jun , Chen Zhao-Lin , Mei Heng , Tang Liang , Luo Shan-Shan , Hu Yu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that is characterized by complement dysfunction and a wide range of autoantibody production. However, data about the relation between C3a and anti-ds DNA Ab in SLE are scarce. Methods.Thirteen SLE patients, diagnosed on the basis of SLICC classification criteria (6 patients positive for anti-Sm Ab, 7 patients positive for anti-dsDNA Ab) were enrolled in the present study. Serum levels of C3a, C1q were quantified by Western Blotting. Clinical, biochemical, serological and other markers of disease activity (anti-SM, anti-dsDNA) were measured by standard laboratory procedure.Results.Serum C3a levels were significantly higher in anti-dsDNA Ab (+) patients compared to anti-Sm Ab (+) patients (p < 0.01). And serum C3a levels positively correlated with SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) (p < 0.05, r = 0.6134). Interestingly, C3a was slightly correlated positively with D-Dimer, but no significant difference was found (p = 0.0983, r = 0.4783).Conclusion.C3a level is relative to SLE disease activity and may be a promising biomarker for monitoring thrombophilia in SLE.
Anticorrosive Multi-band 5G Wireless Communication and THz Electromagnetic-Interference Shielding with Graphene Assembled Film
Authors: Song Rongguo , Mao Boyang , Wang Zhe , Zhang Ning , Fang Ran , Zhang Jingwei , Wu Yuen , Ge Qi , Novoselov Kostya , He Daping 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Since first developed, the conducting materials in wireless communication and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding devices have been primarily made of metal-based structures. Here, we present a highly conductive and corrosion-resistant graphene assembled film (GAF) that can be used to fabricate multi-band 5G wireless communication electronics and EMI protection at frequencies ranging from tens of MHz to THz to demonstrate its potential in metal replacement in practical electronics. The GAF based antennas (dipole antenna, ultra-wideband antenna and 5G wireless communication antenna array) are comparable with metal-based antennas in terms of performance and device complexity. The EMI shielding effectiveness of GAF can reach up to 127 dB in the frequency range of 2.6 GHz - 0.32 THz, and a maximum shielding effectiveness per unit thickness is of 6966 dB/mm. Furthermore, the GAF metamaterials exhibit promising frequency selection characteristics and angular stability as flexible frequency selective surfaces that can work at 3.5 GHz and 60 GHz respectively.
Atrazine Induces the Cytotoxicity of Ovarian Granulosa Cells via Inhibition of Nrf2-Mediated Defense Response
Authors: Li Xiao-Wei , Li Xue-Nan , Talukder Milton , Zhao Ying-Xin , Cui Jia-Gen , Li Jin-Long 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Atrazine (ATR) is a commercial herbicide, which is widely used worldwide. Diaminochlorotriazine (DACT) is the main metabolite of ATR, which poses potential risks to ecosystem and health. However, the mechanism of ATR and DACT on ovarian granulocyte cells (GCs) is still not clear. To investigate the toxic effect of ATR and DACT in quail ovarian GCs. We established primary ovarian GCs as models. GCs were cultured with ATR (20, 100, and 250 µM) and DACT (20, 100 and 200 µM). Which showed normal morphology and uniform size in GCs of the control group, ovarian GCs are specifically identified, in which cell purity was above 90%. The half-inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of ATR and DACT were 261.20 µM and 214.17 µM, respectively. High doses of ATR and DACT caused changes in the ultrastructure of mitochondria, leading to oxidative stressand changes in apoptosis-related indicators, ATR and DACT activated Nrf2-mediated defense system-related factors. Our research showed that ATR and DACT are cytotoxic to GCs. ATR induced oxidative stress in ovarian GCs and activated Nrf2-mediated antioxidant signaling pathway to alleviate the toxicity of ATR. These results suggested useful evidence to investigate the female reproductive toxicity of ATR and DACT.
Determinants of Sleep Quality in Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: COVID-Inconfidentes, A Population-Based Study
Authors: Júnior Luiz Antonio Alves Menezes , Lourenção Luciano Garcia , Andrade Amanda Cristina de Souza , Carraro Júlia Cristina Cardoso , Machado-Coelho George Luiz Lins , Meireles Adriana Lúcia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a negative effect on the health and behavior of the world’s population.
Objectives

To evaluate sleep quality and its associated factors in adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil.
Methods

This is a population-based serological survey of 1762 adults collected from October to December 2020 in the Iron Quadrangle region, Brazil. To measure sleep quality, we used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire and socio-demographic, health, health related behaviors, anxiety, vitamin D, weight gain/loss, and pandemic characteristics were assessed using a structured questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the factors associated with sleep quality.
Results

More than half of the individuals evaluated had poor sleep quality (52.5%). In multivariate analysis, factors related to sleep quality included living alone (OR=2.36; 95%CI: 1.11-5.00), anxiety disorder (OR=2.22; 95%CI: 1.20-4.14), 5.0% weight loss during the pandemic (OR=1.66; 95%CI: 1.01-2.76), weight gain of 5.0% (OR=1.90; 95%CI: 1.08-3.34), insufficient vitamin D scenario (OR=1.47; 95%CI: 1.01-2.12), and symptoms of COVID-19 (OR=1.94; 95%CI: 1.25-3.01).
Conclusions

Our study revealed that more than half of the participants had poor sleep quality during the COVID-19 outbreak, and the factors associated with poor sleep quality were related to the pandemic, such as insufficient vitamin D scenario and weight change.
Diagnostic utility of measuring lactate dehydrogenase levels and its isoenzyme activities for the evaluation of malignancy in feline pleural effusion and ascitic fluid
Authors: Naito Eiji , Shimada Roka , YUKI Masashi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzymes may be useful in the differential diagnosis of pleural effusion (PE) and ascitic fluid (AF) etiologies in cats since tissue damage induces their release, thereby changing the pattern of their activity. The present study aimed to determine the diagnostic utility of measuring LDH levels and its isoenzyme activities in PE or AF in cats with malignancy. We measured LDH levels and its isoenzyme activities in serum, PE, and AF in 29 cats and compared the results between malignant, infectious diseases, and non-malignant, non-infectious diseases. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to assess the accuracy of the tests in diagnosing feline malignancy. In PE or AF, significant differences were found in LDH levels and LDH isoenzymes activities among the three groups. The combination of LDH level and LDH-1 activity in PE or AF had the highest area under the ROC (AUC) value of 0.874 for discriminating malignant effusion from non-malignant effusion. The sensitivity and specificity of using the combination of LDH level (cutoff: <2,269 U/L) and LDH-1 activity (cutoff: <4.8%) in PE or AF for predicting malignancy with the highest AUC value were 94.4% and 72.7%, respectively. Our results suggest that the combination of LDH level and LDH-1 activity in PE or AF can potentially diagnose for malignancy. Considering that LDH isoenzymes can be measured inexpensively and easily, LDH tests can be readily accommodated in veterinary clinical practice.
Association Between Silymarin Use and Age-related Macular Degeneration in Patients With Chronic Hepatic Diseases: a Population-based Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Chien Mu-Ming , Lin Hsiu-Chen , Lee Li-Fen , Keller Joseph Jordan , Wang Li-Hsuan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Silymarin is a bioflavonoid compound mostly used in patients with chronic hepatic diseases (CHDs). It has been shown to inhibit retinal angiogenesis in in vitro and in vivo animal studies. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision impairment worldwide, and no definite preventive measures for AMD exist at present. Through this study, we aimed to investigate whether the use of silymarin affects the risk of AMD in patients with CHDs. Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the hazard ratio (HR) of AMD in this population-based retrospective cohort study. The CHDs was associated with a higher risk of AMD (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 1.33, 95% CI 1.22–1.46), and the use of silymarin reduced the risk of AMD among patients with CHDs (aHR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.67–0.87). A higher accumulative dose (defined daily dose [DDD] < 631 mg) of silymarin was associated with a lower risk of AMD, but the difference was nonsignificant. In conclusion, CHDs were associated with a higher incidence of AMD, and the use of silymarin was associated with a reduced risk of AMD in patients with CHDs. However, a higher accumulative DDD of silymarin did not reduce the risk of AMD.
Precursors of select GPI-anchored proteins positively regulate GPI biosynthesis under the control of ERAD
Authors: Liu Yi-Shi , Wang Yicheng , Zhou Xiaoman , Zhang LinPei , Yang Ganglong , Gao Xiao-Dong , Murakami Yoshiko , Fujita Morihisa , Kinoshita Taroh 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We previously reported that glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) biosynthesis is regulated by endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation (ERAD); however, the underlying mechanistic basis remains unclear. Based on a genome-wide CRISPR–Cas9 screen, we show that a widely expressed GPI-anchored protein CD55 precursor and ER-resident ARV1 together upregulate GPI biosynthesis under ERAD-deficient conditions. In cells defective in GPI transamidase, GPI-anchored protein precursors fail to obtain GPI, remaining the uncleaved GPI-attachment signal at the C-termini. We show that ERAD deficiency causes accumulation of the CD55 precursor, which in turn upregulates GPI biosynthesis, where the GPI-attachment signal peptide is the active element. Among the 32 GPI-anchored proteins tested, only the GPI-attachment signal peptides of CD55 and CD48 enhance GPI biosynthesis. ARV1 is essential for the GPI upregulation by CD55 precursor. Our data demonstrate an ARV1-dependent regulatory connection between GPI biosynthesis and precursors of select GPI-anchored proteins that are under the control of ERAD.