bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early post‐operative nausea and vomiting: A retrospective observational study of 2030 patients
Authors: Johansson Emma , Hultin Magnus , Myrberg Tomi , Walldén Jakob 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundThe overall risk of post‐operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after general anaesthesia is reportedly 20%–40%. The first episode of PONV may occur early in the post‐anaesthesia care unit (PACU) or later at the ward or after discharge at home in an ambulatory setting. This study aimed to investigate and describe the risk of early PONV in a PACU, and we hypothesised that patients and perioperative factors were associated with early PONV.MethodsThis single‐centre retrospective observational study was conducted in a Swedish county hospital from January to June 2017 and included adult patients who underwent surgical procedures under general anaesthesia. Perioperative data were obtained by reviewing the local registry for surgical procedures, medical records and anaesthesia and post‐operative charts. Early PONV was defined as PONV occurring up to 4 hours post‐operatively at the PACU. Any notification in the medical records, perioperative charts or the registry regarding nausea, vomiting or PONV treatment was regarded as PONV. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed for factors associated with early PONV.ResultsA total of 2030 patients were included in the study, of which 9.6% (n = 194) experienced early PONV. Factors associated with a high risk of early PONV were suboptimal PONV prophylaxis, need for opioids, female sex, body mass index >35 kg m−2 and major surgery and anaesthesia time ≥60 minutes.ConclusionWe found that every 10th patient under general anaesthesia experienced early PONV. Suboptimal PONV prophylaxis and previously acknowledged risk factors for PONV were associated with early PONV.
Habitat disturbance trumps moonlight effects on the activity of tropical insectivorous bats
Authors: Appel G. , López‐Baucells A. , Rocha R. , Meyer C. F. J. , Bobrowiec P. E. D. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractChanges in moonlight intensity can affect predation risk and induce changes in habitat use and activity of nocturnal species. However, the effect of moonlight on animal activity is rarely evaluated in human‐modified landscapes and can be of vital importance to understand possible changes in ecosystem services provided by light‐sensitive taxa, such as insectivorous bats. Fragmentation changes forest structure and affects light penetration across the landscape. In this case, the effects of fragmentation on bat activity can be modulated by cyclical variations of moonlight intensity. We acoustically quantified the activity of nine aerial insectivorous bat species in relation to moonlight at the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, Central Amazonia. We aimed to understand species‐level variation in activity across habitats (continuous forest, fragments and secondary forest) at different temporal scales: lunar cycle, dark vs. bright nights and within nights. Amazonian aerial insectivorous bats responded more to habitat type than to moonlight, with two and six species showing reduced activity in fragments and secondary forest, respectively, compared to continuous forest. The lower activity in secondary forest suggests that despite c. 30 years of secondary forest regeneration, it is still less attractive as foraging habitat. An interactive effect of habitat type and moonlight on bat activity was most evident when contrasting dark and bright nights. Our results indicate that fragments have reduced bat activity on extremely bright nights, probably due to higher predation risk in small fragments. Species that emit constant‐frequency calls (Pteronotus spp.) were the ones that most modulated their responses to habitat disturbance and moonlight. Otherwise, moonlight had little effect on hourly activity levels, irrespective of habitat type. Moonlight is capable of modulating the responses of some bat species in disturbed habitats, particularly in fragments.
Topography‐derived variables provide insight into habitat occupancy of a cryptic snake, Bitis atropos
Authors: Jordaan Adriaan , Heideman Neil J. L. , Buschke Falko T. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractUnderstanding species’ habitat use is fundamental for conservation and management. However, quantifying habitat use for small cryptic species is limited by imperfect detection during field surveys and the lack of habitat data at meaningful spatial scales. Topographically‐derived habitat variables from digital elevation models (DEMs) have the potential to overcome these limitations. Here we used DEM‐derived topographic variables as fine‐scale proxies for abiotic conditions to study site‐occupancy patterns of the berg adder (Bitis atropos), a small‐bodied cryptic viper. We carried out seven repeated field surveys across 219 hectares in a mountainous protected area in north‐eastern South Africa to estimate snake detection probability and occupancy using maximum likelihood methods. Although snakes occurred across a third of the surveyed habitat, they were only detected 40% of the time during the springtime when detection was highest. Results showed that these snakes preferred north‐west facing, mid and upper slopes, which are exposed to afternoon sun and presumably higher ambient energy. Our results demonstrate the value of using DEM‐derived topographic variables for ecological studies where habitat data are either unavailable or inappropriate, thereby providing valuable insights into habitat use of cryptic and difficult to detect species.
Dynamic mRNA expression of donor-derived activating KIR genes and their significant effects on clinical outcome after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Li Ying , Wang Tian , Hu Xing , Zhang Huanhuan , Bao Xiaojing , Wu Depei , He Jun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Numerous reports suggest that activating killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (aKIRs) of natural killer (NK) cells, in addition to inhibitory KIRs (iKIRs), play a prognostic role after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). We aimed to investigate the association between the dynamic expression of KIRs on NK cells and the outcomes, particularly regarding graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). This study retrospectively enrolled 260 pairs of donors and recipients who had undergone allo-HSCT without in-vitro T cell depletion. The mRNA transcription level of KIRs was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT–qPCR). The levels of aKIR transcripts were decreased more than those of iKIRs during the occurrence of GvHD. The transcription levels of KIR2DS2 and KIR2DS4 in the patients developing GvHD, compared with those who were at a tolerance state, showed the most significant decrease in the month at their peak transcription levels (p = 0.03, p = 0.002). Significantly decreased expression of KIR2DS1 (p = 0.02), KIR2DS3 (p = 0.04) and KIR2DS5 (p = 0.04) in the GvHD group was observed when the transcription level reached a maximum. High expression of KIR3DS1 was associated with superior overall survival (OS) (p &lt; 0.001). The expression of KIR2DS4 in the KIR genotype Bx group decreased more during GvHD, particularly at 3M (p = 0.02). These findings suggest that KIR genes are potential post-HSCT biomarkers and dynamic changes in the KIR transcription levels can be detected to better predict the occurrence and evaluate the treatment of GvHD after transplantation.
Fast Updates for Least‐Squares Rotational Alignment
Authors: Zhang Jiayi Eris , Jacobson Alec , Alexa Marc 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAcross computer graphics, vision, robotics and simulation, many applications rely on determining the 3D rotation that aligns two objects or sets of points. The standard solution is to use singular value decomposition (SVD), where the optimal rotation is recovered as the product of the singular vectors. Faster computation of only the rotation is possible using suitable parameterizations of the rotations and iterative optimization. We propose such a method based on the Cayley transformations. The resulting optimization problem allows better local quadratic approximation compared to the Taylor approximation of the exponential map. This results in both faster convergence as well as more stable approximation compared to other iterative approaches. It also maps well to AVX vectorization. We compare our implementation with a wide range of alternatives on real and synthetic data. The results demonstrate up to two orders of magnitude of speedup compared to a straightforward SVD implementation and a 1.5‐6 times speedup over popular optimized code.
Coherent Mark‐based Stylization of 3D Scenes at the Compositing Stage
Authors: Garcia M. , Vergne R. , Farhat M.‐A. , Bénard P. , Noûs C. , Thollot J. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe present a novel temporally coherent stylized rendering technique working entirely at the compositing stage. We first generate a distribution of 3D anchor points using an implicit grid based on the local object positions stored in a G‐buffer, hence following object motion. We then draw splats in screen space anchored to these points so as to be motion coherent. To increase the perceived flatness of the style, we adjust the anchor points density using a fractalization mechanism. Sudden changes are prevented by controlling the anchor points opacity and introducing a new order‐independent blending function. We demonstrate the versatility of our method by showing a large variety of styles thanks to the freedom offered by the splats content and their attributes that can be controlled by any G‐buffer.
Deep HDR estimation with generative detail reconstruction
Authors: Zhang Y. , Aydın T. O. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe study the problem of High Dynamic Range (HDR) image reconstruction from a Standard Dynamic Range (SDR) input with potential clipping artifacts. Instead of building a direct model that maps from SDR to HDR images as in previous work, we decompose an input SDR image into a base (low frequency) and detail layer (high frequency), and treat reconstructing these two layers as two separate problems. We propose a novel architecture that comprises individual components specially designed to handle both tasks. Specifically, our base layer reconstruction component recovers low frequency content and remaps the color gamut of the input SDR, whereas our detail layer reconstruction component, which builds upon prior work on image inpainting, hallucinates missing texture information. The output HDR prediction is produced by a final refinement stage. We present qualitative and quantitative comparisons with existing techniques where our method achieves state‐of‐the‐art performance.
Cyclostationary Gaussian noise: theory and synthesis
Authors: Lutz Nicolas , Sauvage Basile , Dischler Jean‐Michel 
Published: June 2021

AbstractStationary Gaussian processes have been used for decades in the context of procedural noises to model and synthesize textures with no spatial organization. In this paper we investigate cyclostationary Gaussian processes, whose statistics are repeated periodically. It enables the modeling of noises having periodic spatial variations, which we call “cyclostationary Gaussian noises”. We adapt to the cyclostationary context several stationary noises along with their synthesis algorithms: spot noise, Gabor noise, local random‐phase noise, high‐performance noise, and phasor noise. We exhibit real‐time synthesis of a variety of visual patterns having periodic spatial variations.
Geometric construction of auxetic metamaterials
Authors: Bonneau GP. , Hahmann S. , Marku J. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper is devoted to a category of metamaterials called auxetics, identified by their negative Poisson's ratio. Our work consists in exploring geometrical strategies to generate irregular auxetic structures. More precisely we seek to reduce the Poisson's ratio ν, by pruning an irregular network based solely on geometric criteria. We introduce a strategy combining a pure geometric pruning algorithm followed by a physics‐based testing phase to determine the resulting Poisson's ratio of our structures. We propose an algorithm that generates sets of irregular auxetic networks. Our contributions include geometrical characterization of auxetic networks, development of a pruning strategy, generation of auxetic networks with low Poisson's ratio, as well as validation of our approach. We provide statistical validation of our approach on large sets of irregular networks, and we additionally laser‐cut auxetic networks in sheets of rubber. The findings reported here show that it is possible to reduce the Poisson's ratio by geometric pruning, and that we can generate irregular auxetic networks at lower processing times than a physics‐based approach.
Patch Erosion for Deformable Lapped Textures on 3D Fluids
Authors: Gagnon Jonathan , Guzmán Julián E. , Mould David , Paquette Eric 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe propose an approach to synthesise a texture on an animated fluid free surface using a distortion metric combined with a feature map. Our approach is applied as a post‐process to a fluid simulation. We advect deformable patches to move the texture along the fluid flow. The patches are covering the whole surface every frame of the animation in an overlapping fashion. Using lapped textures combined with deformable patches, we successfully remove blending artifact and rigid artifact seen in previous methods. We remain faithful to the texture exemplar by removing distorted patch texels using a patch erosion process. The patch erosion is based on a feature map provided together with the exemplar as inputs to our approach. The erosion favors removing texels toward the boundary of the patch as well as texels corresponding to more distorted regions of the patch. Where texels are removed leaving a gap on the surface, we add new patches below existing ones. The result is an animated texture following the velocity field of the fluid. We compared our results with recent work and our results show that our approach removes ghosting and temporal fading artifacts.
Orthogonalized Fourier Polynomials for Signal Approximation and Transfer
Authors: Maggioli F. , Melzi S. , Ovsjanikov M. , Bronstein M. M. , Rodolà E. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe propose a novel approach for the approximation and transfer of signals across 3D shapes. The proposed solution is based on taking pointwise polynomials of the Fourier‐like Laplacian eigenbasis, which provides a compact and expressive representation for general signals defined on the surface. Key to our approach is the construction of a new orthonormal basis upon the set of these linearly dependent polynomials. We analyze the properties of this representation, and further provide a complete analysis of the involved parameters. Our technique results in accurate approximation and transfer of various families of signals between near‐isometric and non‐isometric shapes, even under poor initialization. Our experiments, showcased on a selection of downstream tasks such as filtering and detail transfer, show that our method is more robust to discretization artifacts, deformation and noise as compared to alternative approaches.
Spatiotemporal Texture Reconstruction for Dynamic Objects Using a Single RGB‐D Camera
Authors: Kim Hyomin , Kim Jungeon , Nam Hyeonseo , Park Jaesik , Lee Seungyong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper presents an effective method for generating a spatiotemporal (time‐varying) texture map for a dynamic object using a single RGB‐D camera. The input of our framework is a 3D template model and an RGB‐D image sequence. Since there are invisible areas of the object at a frame in a single‐camera setup, textures of such areas need to be borrowed from other frames. We formulate the problem as an MRF optimization and define cost functions to reconstruct a plausible spatiotemporal texture for a dynamic object. Experimental results demonstrate that our spatiotemporal textures can reproduce the active appearances of captured objects better than approaches using a single texture map.
For love or money? Family versus financial blockholders in international acquisitions
Authors: Chen Victor Zitian , Hobdari Bersant , Kellermanns Franz W. , Sluhan Anne 
Published: June 2021

AbstractResearch Question/IssueWe study the relationship between family blockholding of voting rights and the relative size of international acquisitions, and the moderating effect of two types of financial blockholders (pressure‐resistant and pressure‐sensitive blockholders).Research Findings/InsightsEmploying an international sample of 8,687 non‐financial cross‐border acquisitions conducted by 4,630 acquirer firms from 40 home markets to 66 host countries between 2004 and 2013, we find a U‐shaped relationship between family blockholding of voting rights and the relative size of international acquisitions. Further, we find evidence that this relationship is moderated by the presence and type of financial blockholders. While pressure‐resistant financial blockholders shift this relationship downwards (due to intensified conflicts), pressure‐sensitive financial blockholders shift it upwards.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsWe contribute to the literature on family firm governance and internationalization on several fronts. First, we revisit the predominant logic of linear effects of the family blockholding. We suggest the family blockholding's effects are related to nonlinear risk preferences of family owners, expressed through socioemotional wealth (SEW) slack. Second, we suggest that the “dominant shareholder interest” assumption of family firms, usually based on the controlling family's SEW should be interpreted contingent upon the interests of other financial shareholders. Finally, using family‐financial blockholder conflicts as the scenario, we suggest that principal‐principal conflicts depend on the composition of the conflicting blockholders, specifically, upon the nature of their relations with the firm.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsThis study offers insights to policymakers and those interested in incentivizing family ownership that family owners' risk behaviors should be understood and discussed in the context of different financial blockholders as a reference group.
Rare mimic of angiosarcoma: Erythema ab igne with reactive angiomatosis
Authors: Johnson Nathan M. , Shvygina Anna , Luyimbazi David T. , Grider Douglas J. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractErythema ab igne is an uncommon physical dermatosis that presents with localized patches of reticulated erythema and hyperpigmentation corresponding with the underlying dermal venous plexus. The rash occurs in response to chronic heat exposure that does not meet the threshold for thermal burn of the skin. The histopathologic findings are characterized by atrophy and thinning of the epidermis, focal hyperkeratosis, and keratinocyte atypia. The dermis displays dilated capillaries, evidence of pigment incontinence, and prominent elastotic material. We report a case of a 65‐year‐old male who presented to his primary care physician with a 1‐year history of reticular erythema and hyperpigmentation with focal ulceration on his right lateral leg. Histopathology on biopsy revealed mild hyperkeratosis and focal epidermal atrophy; however, the most striking finding was a proliferation of dermal vascular spaces lined by pleomorphic endothelial cells and numerous mitotic figures, which was morphologically compatible with angiosarcoma. However, clinicopathologic correlation and immunostaining revealed an actual diagnosis of erythema ab igne with reactive angiomatosis. Reactive angiomatosis—morphologically mimicking angiosarcoma—is a rarely reported feature of severe erythema ab igne, and dermatopathologists should be aware of this possibility to avoid misdiagnosis of erythema ab igne as angiosarcoma.
BAP1‐inactivated melanocytic tumors show prominent centrosome amplification and associated loss of primary cilia
Authors: Ye Julia , Sheahon Kathleen M. , LeBoit Philip E. , McCalmont Timothy H. , Lang Ursula E. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundBRCA1‐associated protein (BAP1) is a tumor suppressor whose loss is associated with various malignancies. The primary cilium is an organelle involved in signal transduction and cell cycle progression. Primary cilia have been shown to be absent in melanoma but retained to some extent in melanocytic nevi, and the severity of dysplasia influences the degree of cilia loss. Additionally, studies have revealed roles for BAP1 in centrosome and mitotic spindle formation. Because the primary cilium is nucleated on the mother centriole, we examined the connection between the presence of primary cilia and the formation of centrosomes in BAP1‐inactivated melanocytic tumors (BIMTs).MethodsWe evaluated the cilia and centrosomes in 11 BIMTs and five conventional melanocytic nevi using immunofluorescence staining of acetylated alpha‐tubulin and gamma‐tubulin.ResultsWe found that, compared to nevi, BIMTs show loss of primary cilia and amplification of centrosomes. Occasional nevi also showed increased centrioles; however, these foci of amplification were more likely to be ciliated than those in BIMTs.ConclusionsAlthough centrosome amplification does not absolutely correlate with loss of primary cilia in melanocytic neoplasms, absence of BAP1 exacerbates the phenotype. Moreover, aberrant centrosome and cilia formation are likely critical in the pathogenesis of other BAP1‐inactivated tumors.
Relationship value benefits of membership programs, heterogeneous stakeholders and museum impact beyond fees
Authors: Ebbers Joris J. , Leenders Mark A. A. M. , Augustijn Jonathan J. E. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn times of decreasing public funding, cultural institutions such as museums increasingly develop new stakeholder management practices to build a different or more diversified support base. Recently, membership programs have especially been gaining popularity. In this paper, we adopt a relationship value approach to study the poorly understood behaviors of members that can benefit museums beyond membership fees. In particular, we focus on the extent to which membership level and the perceived prestige of the museum drive value co‐creation through prestige leveraging. We study this by using a sample of 430 members and non‐members of the Hermitage Museum in Amsterdam. We find that membership level is positively related with cross‐buying behavior at the museum store and restaurant, and recommending the museum. In addition, these value creating behaviors are mediated by members leveraging the museum's prestige in their social environment. In contrast, we find a negative relationship between membership level and recruiting new members into the program, which could be explained by status dilution effects.
Network centrality and value relevance of insider trading: Evidence from Europe
Authors: Afzali Mansoor , Martikainen Minna 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe examine the value relevance of insider trades in Europe and find that both purchases and sales of well‐connected insiders are positively associated with long‐term abnormal returns. We argue that the market perceives the purchases of networked insiders as more informative, leading to higher returns. For sales of networked insiders, the market decreases their negative information content, leading to lower negative returns. Our results do not support the view that insiders use their informational advantage to extract economic rents in the form of dollar profits. We posit that they use their networks to provide signals to the market when trading.