bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of right atrial dyssynchrony by 2D speckle-tracking in healthy young men following high altitude exposure at 4100 m
Authors: He Chunyan , Xiang Hedong , Liu Chuan , Yu Shiyong , Yang Jie , Ding Xiaohan , Bian Shizhu , Zhang Jihang , Tan Hu , Jin Jun , Hu Mingdong , Zhang Chen , Rao Rongsheng , Huang Lan 
Published: February 2021

Background
High altitude exposure induces overload of right-sided heart and may further predispose to supraventricular arrhythmia. It has been reported that atrial mechanical dyssynchrony is associated with atrial arrhythmia. Whether high altitude exposure causes higher right atrial (RA) dyssynchrony is still unknown. The aim of study was to investigate the effect of high altitude exposure on right atrial mechanical synchrony.

Methods
In this study, 98 healthy young men underwent clinical examination and echocardiography at sea level (400 m) and high altitude (4100 m) after an ascent within 7 days. RA dyssynchrony was defined as inhomogeneous timing to peak strain and strain rate using 2D speckle-tracking echocardiography.

Results
Following high altitude exposure, standard deviation of the time to peak strain (SD-TPS) [36.2 (24.5, 48.6) ms vs. 21.7 (12.9, 32.1) ms, p<0.001] and SD-TPS as percentage of R–R’ interval (4.6 ± 2.1% vs. 2.5 ± 1.8%, p<0.001) significantly increased. Additionally, subjects with higher SD-TPS (%) at high altitude presented decreased right ventricular global longitudinal strain and RA active emptying fraction, but increased RA minimal volume index, which were not observed in lower group. Multivariable analysis showed that mean pulmonary arterial pressure and tricuspid E/A were independently associated with SD-TPS (%) at high altitude.

Conclusion
Our data for the first time demonstrated that high altitude exposure causes RA dyssynchrony in healthy young men, which may be secondary to increased pulmonary arterial pressure. In addition, subjects with higher RA dyssynchrony presented worse RA contractile function and right ventricular performance.
Clinical features of behavioral symptoms in patients with semantic dementia: Does semantic dementia cause autistic traits?
Authors: Sakuta Shizuka , Hashimoto Mamoru , Ikeda Manabu , Koyama Asuka , Takasaki Akihiro , Hotta Maki , Fukuhara Ryuji , Ishikawa Tomohisa , Yuki Seiji , Miyagawa Yusuke , Hidaka Yosuke , Kaneda Keiichiro , Takebayashi Minoru 
Published: February 2021

Objective
To investigate the behavioral characteristics of semantic dementia (SD) using an instrument originally developed for patients with autism spectrum disorder.

Methods
The behavioral symptoms of 20 patients with SD and 20 patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in both the preclinical state and the dementia state were evaluated using the Pervasive Developmental Disorders Autism Society Japan Rating Scale (PARS).

Results
The SD group showed high prevalence in four behaviors related to stereotypy and social impairment: eating very few food items, selfishness, difficulty in recognizing others’ feeling and thoughts, and interpreting language literally. Scores on the PARS short version, which is sensitive for diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, were significantly higher in the dementia state than in the preclinical state in both the SD (11.5 ± 6.0 and 1.7 ± 2.5, respectively; t (19) = 6.7, p < 0.001) and AD (6.9 ± 4.6 and 1.7 ± 2.0, respectively; t (19) = 5.1, p < 0.001) groups. PARS short version scores after dementia onset increased in both the SD and AD groups, although the increase was significantly larger in the SD group (F = 5.6, p = 0.023). Additionally, a significantly higher rate of patients exceeded the cutoff score for autism diagnosis in the dementia state in the SD group (75%) than in the AD group (40%; χ2 = 5.0, p = 0.025). PARS scores in the dementia state were significantly correlated with illness duration (r = 0.46, p = 0.04) and Mini-Mental State Examination scores (r = −0.75, p < 0.001) in the SD group only.

Conclusions
Although SD and autism spectrum disorder are etiologically distinct diseases, patients with semantic dementia behave like those with autism spectrum disorder. Our findings suggest the symptomatic similarity of the two disorders.
Influence of the addition of chitin nanocrystals on the characteristics of cellulose acetate films
Authors: Ravikumar Preethi , Sagadevan Suresh 
Published: February 2021

The present study deals with chitin nanocrystal (CHNC)-reinforced cellulose acetate (CA) films formed by the solvent casting method that makes use of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as a plasticizing agent. Three different films containing various mass ratios of CHNCs (0.5, 1, and 2 wt %) in CA were investigated for hydrophilicity, mechanical properties, soil degradation, strength, water solubility, light transmittance, and antifungal activity. From the FT-IR analysis, no detectable shifts to the cellulose acetate bands with the loading of small amounts of CHNCs were observed. However, the light transmittance capacity of CA films decreased due to chitin addition. The chitosan incorporation enhanced the hydrophilic character of CA films, and also, the mechanical properties of the lower percentage of CHNCs in CA, like Young’s modulus, had a slight positive effect, while the tensile strength and elongation at breaks – had a negative influence. Finally, an increasing trend of antifungal activity with that of increased CHNC content was observed, i.e., the 2 wt % CHNCs containing CA film showed an inhibition rate (FGI) of 35%, 1 wt % CHNCs had a 15% inhibition rate, which is higher than that of 0.5 wt % CHNCs and pure CA, thereby indicating the potential role of CHNCs-reinforced CA films for packaging applications.
Burn Notice: A Practical Solution for Labels Damaged by Pyritic Specimens
Authors: Allington-Jones Lu , Miles Kieran , Petrera Lucia , Fenlon Anna 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Oxidation of pyritic fossils and iron sulfide-bearing minerals is a common problem in natural history collections, and several solutions have been developed to treat and restore these specimens to reduce continued deterioration. Labels associated with these specimens are often also severely damaged by the sulfuric acid and iron sulfate products of pyrite oxidation. This article documents trials undertaken on labels that have been contaminated with these deterioration products to a high extent and are therefore extremely fragile. It recommends a potential salvage method, even for labels that are seemingly impossible to lift out of storage trays. This project exemplifies how techniques developed across different conservation disciplines can benefit natural history collections.
Modern approaches to drug treatment for vestibular vertigo
Authors: Zamergrad M. V. , Morozova S. V. 
Published: February 2021

In recent years, some progress has been achieved in elaborating the algorithms and standards for the treatment of many conditions accompanied by vertigo. The current possibilities of treating vestibular vertigo consist of a gradually expanding arsenal of symptomatic and pathogenetic drugs. Among the drugs used for the symptomatic treatment of vestibular vertigo, there are vestibular suppressants (antihistamines, benzodiazepines, and calcium antagonists) and antiemetics (dopamine antagonists and serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonists). The paper discusses the possibilities of using betahistine and vitamin D as pathogenetic agents for recurrent benign paroxysmal positional vertigo; diuretics, betahistine (including the new prolonged release formulation Betaserc® Long), glucocorticoids, and gentamicin for Meniere's disease; triptans, beta-blockers, tricyclic antidepressants, and anticonvulsants for vestibular migraine; glucocorticoids, antiviral agents, and drugs that accelerate vestibular compensation for acute unilateral peripheral vestibulopathy (vestibular neuritis and Ramsey Hunt syndrome).The emergence of new drugs, as well as the design of new dosage forms that enhance patient adherence to the prescribed treatment, can improve quality of life in patients suffering from diseases that have recently led to long-term disability or even incapacitation.
The Code of Capital: How the Law Creates Wealth and Inequality – Core Themes
Authors: Pistor Katharina 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this brief introduction, I summarize the core themes of my book “The Code of Capital: How the Law Creates Wealth and Inequality”. Capital, I argue, is coded in law – predominantly in a handful of private law institutions. By relying on legal coding techniques, asset holders invoke the right to enforce claims against others, if necessary with the help of the state’s coercive power.
The Metaphysics of Stoic Corporealism
Authors: de Harven Vanessa 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe Stoics are famously committed to the thesis that only bodies are, and for this reason they are rightly called “corporealists.” They are also famously compared to Plato’s earthborn Giants in theSophist, and rightly so given their steadfast commitment to body as being. But the Stoics also notoriously turn the tables on Plato and coopt his “dunamisproposal” thatbeingis whatever can act or be acted upon, to underwrite their commitment to body rather than shrink from it as the Giants do. The substance of Stoic corporealism, however, has not been fully appreciated. This paper argues that Stoic corporealism goes beyond thedunamisproposal, which is simply an ontological criterion forbeing, to the metaphysics of body. This involves, first, an account of body as metaphysically simple and hence fundamental; second, an account of body as malleable and continuous, hence fit for blending (krasis di’ holou) and composition. In addition, the metaphysics of body involves a distinction between this composition relation seen in the cosmology, and the constitution relation by which the four-fold schema called the Stoic Categories proceeds, e.g. the relation between a statue and its clay, or a fist and its underlying hand. It has not been appreciated that the cosmology and the Categories are distinct — and complementary — explanatory enterprises, the one accounting for generation and unity, the other taking those individuals once generated, and giving a mereological analysis of their identity and persistence conditions, kinds, and qualities. The result is an elegant division of Plato’s labor from the Battle of Gods and Giants. On the one hand, the Stoics rehabilitate the crude cosmology of the Presocratics to deliver generation and unity in completely corporeal terms, and that work is found in their Physics. On the other hand, they reform the Giants and “dare to corporealize,” delivering all manner of predication (from identity to the virtues), and that work is found in Stoic Logic. Recognizing the distinctness of these explanatory enterprises helps dissolve scholarly puzzles, and harmonizes the Stoics with themselves.
Effects of different extraction methods on antioxidant properties of blueberry anthocyanins
Authors: Li Xiang , Zhu Feiying , Zeng Zhiwen 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Currently, the extraction technology of blueberry anthocyanin includes solvent extraction, enzyme extraction, and ultrasonic extraction. Different methods may damage the internal structure of anthocyanin in the extraction process, and hence the extracted anthocyanin cannot have the maximum nutritional and medicinal value. Therefore, this article analyzes the effects of different extraction methods on the antioxidant properties of blueberry anthocyanin and uses solvent extraction, enzymatic hydrolysis, and ultrasonic extraction methods to extract blueberry anthocyanin. The antioxidative properties of anthocyanins from blueberry by different extraction methods were compared and analyzed. The solvent extraction method, the enzymatic hydrolysis method, and the ultrasonic extraction method were used as experimental comparative extraction methods. The antioxidant properties of blueberry anthocyanins were measured from various angles such as resistance to oil oxidation, reducing power, and ability to scavenge hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) performance. From the perspective of antioxidation of fats and oils, the average inhibition rate of the solvent extraction method can reach 90%, and the corresponding inhibition rate of the anthocyanins obtained by the other two extraction methods is about 80%. The measurement results are also consistent with the measurement results of oxidation resistance of oils and fats. Conclusion: Among three different extraction methods of blueberry anthocyanins, the solvent extraction method can preserve the antioxidant properties of blueberry anthocyanins to the greatest extent.
A comparative study of thermodynamic models to describe the VLE of the ternary electrolytic mixture H2O–NH3–CO2
Authors: Rosa Licianne P. S. , Cruz Natan , Costa Glória M. N. , Pontes Karen V. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This study aims to ascertain the influence of the activity coefficient model and equation of state for predicting the vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) of the multi-electrolytic system H2O–NH3–CO2. The non-idealities of the liquid phase are described by the eUNIQUAC and eNRTL models. The vapor phase is modeled with the Nakamura equation, which is compared with the ideal gas assumption. The models are validated with experimental data from literature on total pressure and ammonia partial pressure. Results show that the models UNIQUAC and NRTL without dissociation can only reproduce the experimental conditions in the absence of CO2. When the electrolytic term is considered, the eUNIQUAC model is able to reproduce the experimental data with greater accuracy than the eNRTL. The equation of state which describes the vapor phase plays no major role in the accuracy of the VLE prediction in the operational conditions evaluated here. Indeed, the accuracy relies on the activity coefficient, therefore the ideal gas equation can be considered if the non-idealities of the liquid phase are described by a well-tuned model. These findings could be useful for equipment design, flowsheet simulations and large-scale simultaneous optimization problems.
Nonlinear dynamics of a RLC series circuit modeled by a generalized Van der Pol oscillator
Authors: Kpomahou Yélomè Judicaël Fernando , Miwadinou Clément Hodévèwan , Agbokpanzo Richard Gilles , Hinvi Laurent Amoussou 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this paper, nonlinear dynamics study of a RLC series circuit modeled by a generalized Van der Pol oscillator is investigated. After establishing a new general class of nonlinear ordinary differential equation, a forced Van der Pol oscillator subjected to an inertial nonlinearity is derived. According to the external excitation strength, harmonic, subharmonic and superharmonic oscillatory states are obtained using the multiple time scales method. Bifurcation diagrams displayed by the model for each system parameter are performed numerically through the fourth-order Runge–Kutta algorithm.
The Foundations of Civil Liability for Industrial Pollution
Authors: Messner David 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In European private law, operators of industrial facilities, power plants and other sites using special substances or procedures are made responsible for harm caused by pollution even where it is doubtful that such harmdoing is unreasonable or could have been foreseen. Analysing both fault-based and strict liability, the author discusses legal bases for this liability and its justification in European jurisdictions.
Euler classes of vector bundles over manifolds
Authors: Naolekar Aniruddha C. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Let 𝓔
k
denote the set of diffeomorphism classes of closed connected smooth k-manifolds X with the property that for any oriented vector bundle α over X, the Euler class e(α) = 0. We show that if X ∈ 𝓔2n+1 is orientable, then X is a rational homology sphere and π
1(X) is perfect. We also show that 𝓔8 = ∅ and derive additional cohomlogical restrictions on orientable manifolds in 𝓔
k
.
Dynamical behaviors of a prey-predator model with foraging arena scheme in polluted environments
Authors: He Xin , Zhao Xin , Feng Tao , Qiu Zhipeng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a stochastic prey-predator model is investigated and analyzed, which possesses foraging arena scheme in polluted environments. Sufficient conditions are established for the extinction and persistence in the mean. These conditions provide a threshold that determines the persistence in the mean and extinction of species. Furthermore, it is also shown that the stochastic system has a periodic solution under appropriate conditions. Finally, several numerical examples are carried on to demonstrate the analytical results.
CUL2LRR1, TRAIP and p97 control CMG helicase disassembly in the mammalian cell cycle
Authors: Villa Fabrizio , Fujisawa Ryo , Ainsworth Johanna , Nishimura Kohei , Lie‐A‐Ling Michael , Lacaud Georges , Labib Karim PM 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe eukaryotic replisome is disassembled in each cell cycle, dependent upon ubiquitylation of the CMG helicase. Studies ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae,Caenorhabditis elegansandXenopus laevishave revealed surprising evolutionary diversity in the ubiquitin ligases that control CMG ubiquitylation, but regulated disassembly of the mammalian replisome has yet to be explored. Here, we describe a model system for studying the ubiquitylation and chromatin extraction of the mammalian CMG replisome, based on mouse embryonic stem cells. We show that the ubiquitin ligase CUL2LRR1is required for ubiquitylation of the CMG‐MCM7 subunit during S‐phase, leading to disassembly by the p97 ATPase. Moreover, a second pathway of CMG disassembly is activated during mitosis, dependent upon the TRAIP ubiquitin ligase that is mutated in primordial dwarfism and mis‐regulated in various cancers. These findings indicate that replisome disassembly in diverse metazoa is regulated by a conserved pair of ubiquitin ligases, distinct from those present in other eukaryotes.
Arginine-vasopressin infusion in a child with cranial diabetes insipidus during hyperhydration therapy with chemotherapy: a therapeutic challenge
Authors: Devaraja Janani , Sloan Sarah , Lee Vicki , Dimitri Paul 
Published: February 2021

Summary
An 11-year-old girl presented with acute lower limb weakness, dehydration, hypernatraemia and secondary rhabdomyolysis on a background of an 8-month history of polyuria. Radiological investigations revealed a suprasellar tumour which was diagnosed on biopsy as a non-metastatic germinoma. Further endocrinological investigations confirmed panhypopituitarism and she commenced desmopressin, hydrocortisone and thyroxine. Her chemotherapeutic regime consisted of etoposide, carboplatin and ifosfamide, the latter of which required 4 litres of hyperhydration therapy daily. During the first course of ifosfamide, titration of oral desmopressin was trialled but this resulted in erratic sodium control leading to disorientation. Based on limited literature, we then trialled an arginine-vasopressin (AVP) infusion. A sliding scale was developed to adjust the AVP dose, with an aim to achieve a urine output of 3–4 mL/kg/h. During the second course of ifosamide, AVP infusion was commenced at the outset and tighter control of urine output and sodium levels was achieved. In conclusion, we found that an AVP infusion during hyperhydration therapy was required to achieve eunatraemia in a patient with cranial diabetes insipidus. Developing an AVP sliding scale requires individual variation; further reports/case series are required to underpin practice.

Learning points:

Certain chemotherapeutic regimens require large fluid volumes of hyperhydration therapy which can result in significant complications secondary to rapid serum sodium shifts in patients with diabetes insipidus.

The use of a continuous AVP infusion and titrating with a sliding scale is more effective than oral desmopressin in regulating plasma sodium and fluid balance during hyperhydration therapy.

No adverse effects were found in our patient using a continuous AVP infusion.

Adjustment of the AVP infusion rate depends on urine output, fluid balance, plasma sodium levels and sensitivity/response of the child to titrated AVP doses.
IFR, IFD und WpIG – Neuer Rechtsrahmen für Wertpapierfirmen (Teil 1)
Authors: Schuster Gunnar , Nemeczek Heinrich 
Published: February 2021

Zusammenfassung
Wertpapierfirmen müssen sich auf ein neues, komplexes Aufsichtsregime einrichten, das am 26. 6. 2021 in Kraft tritt. Es soll den besonderen Risiken, die von Wertpapierfirmen für die Finanzstabilität ausgehen, besser Rechnung tragen als das bisher für sie maßgebliche Aufsichtsregime für Kreditinstitute. Lediglich die größten Wertpapierfirmen sollen weiterhin als CRR-Kreditinstitute beaufsichtigt werden.
Der Beitrag behandelt in vorliegendem ersten Teil die ausdifferenzierte Kategorisierung der Wertpapierfirmen. In einem zweiten Teil des Beitrags, der in der kommenden Ausgabe der ZBB erscheint, werden die Kapital- und Liquiditätsanforderungen, die Aufsichtsanforderungen an Konzentrationsrisiken, die Änderungen zur aufsichtlichen Konsolidierung sowie die Vorgaben zur internen Unternehmensführung und zur Vergütung behandelt.
Peran Etika Qur’ani Terhadap Sistem Ekonomi Islam.
Authors: Iswandi Andi 
Published: February 2021

Role of Ethics Qur’anic toward Islamic Economic Sistem. In the discourse of conventional economics, ethics in economic activity does not have an important role in his studies even denied. This view is based sphere of ethics that is different from the economic sphere. Ethics is more inclined to religious values are just talking about good-bad and the world hereafter. While the economy discussing with the sistem and the material welfare. In contrast to conventional economics, Islamic economics is the view that ethics plays a role in the economic activity, even ethics and economics can’t be separated. In Islamic economics, ethics or morals qur’ani contained in the Quran has an important role on the formation of an Islamic economic sistem DOI:10.15408/aiq.v6i1.1528
E-MARKETING AND ITS EFFECT ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN THE COMMERCIAL BANKS – LIBYA
Authors: Arun Kumar Tarofder, S. M. Ferdous Azam Ali Ismail Ali Algnaidi, 
Published: February 2021

The aim of this paper is to evaluate customer satisfaction in the banking sector of Libya, based on e-marketing. This is an empirical study using mainly primary data collected through a well-structured questionnaire. The study was conducted after validity and reliability testing of a self-administered questionnaire using SPSS program. The questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 150 bank customers in Misurata, Libya. This paper makes a useful contribution as there are only a few studies dealing with the assessment of components of e-marketing in banking sector of Libya. The findings showed that there is a significant relationship between the customer satisfaction and e-marketing. Based on three different independent variables (mobile phones, internet and credit cards), regression analysis showed that all these variables positively influenced customer satisfaction in Libyan banking sector. This research has greater implication for the bank management who are looking forward to newer business strategies to achieve customer satisfaction.