bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multicenter case–control study of the effect of e-nos VNTR polymorphism on upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in NSAID users
Authors: Mallah Narmeen , Zapata-Cachafeiro Maruxa , Aguirre Carmelo , Ibarra-García Eguzkiñe , Palacios–Zabalza Itziar , Macías García Fernando , iglesias García Julio , Piñeiro-Lamas María , Ibáñez Luisa , Vidal Xavier , Vendrell Lourdes , Martin-Arias Luis , Gil María Sáinz , Velasco-González Verónica , Salgado-Barreira Ángel , Figueiras Adolfo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBleeding in non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) users limited their prescription. This first multicenter full case–control study (325 cases and 744 controls), explored the association of e-NOS intron 4 variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (UGIH) in NSAID exposed and unexposed populations and assessed any interaction between this polymorphism and NSAIDs. NSAID users carrying e-NOS intron 4 wild type genotype or VNTR polymorphism have higher odds of UGIH than those unexposed to NSAIDs [Odds Ratio (OR): 6.62 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 4.24, 10.36) and OR: 5.41 (95% CI 2.62, 11.51), respectively], with no effect modification from VNTR polymorphism-NSAIDs interaction [Relative Excess Risk due to Interaction (RERI): −1.35 (95% CI −5.73, 3.03); Synergism Index (S): 0.77 (95% CI 0.31, 1.94)]. Similar findings were obtained for aspirin exposure. Non-aspirin NSAID users who carry e-NOS intron 4 VNTR polymorphism have lower odds of UGIH [OR: 4.02 (95% CI 1.85, 8.75) than those users with wild type genotype [OR: 6.52 (95% CI 4.09, 10.38)]; though the interaction estimates are not statistically significant [RERI: −2.68 (95% CI −6.67, 1.31); S: 0.53 (95% CI 0.18, 1.55)]. This exploratory study suggests that the odds of UGIH in NSAID or aspirin users does not modify according to patient´s e-NOS intron 4 genotype.
Scalable, effective, and rapid decontamination of SARS-CoV-2 contaminated N95 respirators using germicidal ultraviolet C (UVC) irradiation device
Authors: Rathnasinghe Raveen , Karlicek Robert F. , Schotsaert Michael , Koffas Mattheos , Arduini Brigitte L. , Jangra Sonia , Wang Bowen , Davis Jason L. , Alnaggar Mohammed , Costa Anthony , Vincent Richard , García-Sastre Adolfo , Vashishth Deepak , Balchandani Priti 
Published: October 2021

AbstractParticulate respirators such as N95s are an essential component of personal protective equipment (PPE) for front-line workers. This study describes a rapid and effective UVC irradiation system that would facilitate the safe re-use of N95 respirators and provides supporting information for deploying UVC for decontamination of SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID-19 pandemic. To assess the inactivation potential of the proposed UVC germicidal device as a function of time by using 3 M 8211-N95 particulate respirators inoculated with SARS-CoV-2. A germicidal UVC device to deliver tailored UVC dose was developed and test coupons (2.5 cm2) of the 3 M-N95 respirator were inoculated with 106 plaque-forming units (PFU) of SARS-CoV-2 and were UV irradiated. Different exposure times were tested (0–164 s) by fixing the distance between the lamp and the test coupon to 15.2 cm while providing an exposure of at least 5.43 mWcm−2. Primary measure of outcome was titration of infectious virus recovered from virus-inoculated respirator test coupons after UVC exposure. Other measures included the method validation of the irradiation protocol, using lentiviruses (biosafety level-2 agent) and establishment of the germicidal UVC exposure protocol. An average of 4.38 × 103 PFU ml−1 (SD 772.68) was recovered from untreated test coupons while 4.44 × 102 PFU ml−1 (SD 203.67), 4.00 × 102 PFU ml−1 (SD 115.47), 1.56 × 102 PFU ml−1 (SD 76.98) and 4.44 × 101 PFU ml−1 (SD 76.98) was recovered in exposures 2, 6, 18 and 54 s per side respectively. The germicidal device output and positioning was monitored and a minimum output of 5.43 mW cm−2 was maintained. Infectious SARS-CoV-2 was not detected by plaque assays (minimal level of detection is 67 PFU ml−1) on N95 respirator test coupons when irradiated for 120 s per side or longer suggesting 3.5 log reduction in 240 s of irradiation, 1.3 J cm−2. A scalable germicidal UVC device to deliver tailored UVC dose for rapid decontamination of SARS-CoV-2 was developed. UVC germicidal irradiation of N95 test coupons inoculated with SARS-CoV-2 for 120 s per side resulted in 3.5 log reduction of virus. These data support the reuse of N95 particle-filtrate apparatus upon irradiation with UVC and supports use of UVC-based decontamination of SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID-19 pandemic.
sFlt-1 and CA 15.3 are indicators of endothelial damage and pulmonary fibrosis in SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Greco Marilena , Suppressa Salvatore , Lazzari Roberta Assunta , Sicuro Fernando , Catanese Carmelo , Lobreglio Giambattista 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCOVID-19 pandemic led to a worldwide increase of hospitalizations for interstitial pneumonia with thrombosis complications, endothelial injury and multiorgan disease. Common CT findings include lung bilateral infiltrates, bilateral ground-glass opacities and/or consolidation whilst no current laboratory parameter consents rapidly evaluation of COVID-19 risk and disease severity. In the present work we investigated the association of sFLT-1 and CA 15.3 with endothelial damage and pulmonary fibrosis. Serum sFlt-1 has been associated with endothelial injury and sepsis severity, CA 15.3 seems an alternative marker for KL-6 for fibrotic lung diseases and pulmonary interstitial damage. We analysed 262 SARS-CoV-2 patients with differing levels of clinical severity; we found an association of serum sFlt-1 (ROC AUC 0.902, decision threshold > 90.3 pg/mL,p < 0.001 Sens. 83.9% and Spec. 86.7%) with presence, extent and severity of the disease. Moreover, CA 15.3 appeared significantly increased in COVID-19 severe lung fibrosis (ICU vs NON-ICU patients 42.6 ± 3.3 vs 25.7 ± 1.5 U/mL,p < 0.0001) and was associated with lung damage severity grade (ROC AUC 0.958, decision threshold > 24.8 U/mL,p < 0.0001, Sens. 88.4% and Spec. 91.8%). In conclusion, serum levels of sFlt-1 and CA 15.3 appeared useful tools for categorizing COVID-19 clinical stage and may represent a valid aid for clinicians to better personalise treatment.
Size effect on contact behavior in DEM simple shear tests
Authors: Li Yao , Li Jiaping , Zhu Tantan , Han Kuan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe 2–2.5 times the simulated sand diameter is widely accepted in giving reasonable DEM simulation results for geotechnical testing. However, it neglects the effect of a specimen height to maximum particle diameter ratio in a specific laboratory test, which may lead to a strong stress concentration and flawed simulations. This study compared laboratory simple shear tests with corresponding DEM simulations with different particle sizes. The DEM model used clump rings to simulate physical rings in the test, and decreased the additional stress applied by the widely used wall-type rings. Results showed that (1) DEM models with tested particle size and twofold sand particle size (1D and 2D tests) can better capture the tested stress–strain behavior, volumetric changes, and noncoaxiality, the 4D model has an asymmetrical distribution of contact force and contact number, indicating the specimen is inhomogeneous and has a strong stress concentration. (2) a specimen height to maximum particle diameter ratio smaller than 10 (it is greater than 10 in the ASTM D6528) could provide reasonable macro-meso mechanical behaviors. Similar studies should be carried out after trial tests on determining a reasonable specimen height to maximum particle diameter ratio under the guidance of ASTM D6528.
Three years pilot of spinal muscular atrophy newborn screening turned into official program in Southern Belgium
Authors: Boemer François , Caberg Jean-Hubert , Beckers Pablo , Dideberg Vinciane , di Fiore Samantha , Bours Vincent , Marie Sandrine , Dewulf Joseph , Marcelis Lionel , Deconinck Nicolas , Daron Aurore , Blasco-Perez Laura , Tizzano Eduardo , Hiligsmann Mickaël , Lombet Jacques , Pereira Tatiana , Lopez-Granados Lucia , Shalchian-Tehran Sarvnaz , van Assche Véronique , Willems Arabelle , Huybrechts Sofie , Mast Bénédicte , van Olden Rudolf , Dangouloff Tamara , Servais Laurent 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThree new therapies for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency since 2016. Although these new therapies improve the quality of life of patients who are symptomatic at first treatment, administration before the onset of symptoms is significantly more effective. As a consequence, newborn screening programs have been initiated in several countries. In 2018, we launched a 3-year pilot program to screen newborns for SMA in the Belgian region of Liège. This program was rapidly expanding to all of Southern Belgium, a region of approximately 55,000 births annually. During the pilot program, 136,339 neonates were tested for deletion of exon 7 of SMN1, the most common cause of SMA. Nine SMA cases with homozygous deletion were identified through this screen. Another patient was identified after presenting with symptoms and was shown to be heterozygous for the SMN1 exon 7 deletion and a point mutation on the opposite allele. These ten patients were treated. The pilot program has now successfully transitioned into the official neonatal screening program in Southern Belgium. The lessons learned during implementation of this pilot program are reported.
A genome-wide meta-analysis uncovers six sequence variants conferring risk of vertigo
Authors: Skuladottir Astros Th. , Bjornsdottir Gyda , Nawaz Muhammad Sulaman , Petersen Hannes , Rognvaldsson Solvi , Moore Kristjan Helgi Swerford , Olafsson Pall I. , Magnusson Sigurður H. , Bjornsdottir Anna , Sveinsson Olafur A. , Sigurdardottir Gudrun R. , Saevarsdottir Saedis , Ivarsdottir Erna V. , Stefansdottir Lilja , Gunnarsson Bjarni , Muhlestein Joseph B. , Knowlton Kirk U. , Jones David A. , Nadauld Lincoln D. , Hartmann Annette M. , Rujescu Dan , Strupp Michael , Walters G. Bragi , Thorgeirsson Thorgeir E. , Jonsdottir Ingileif , Holm Hilma , Thorleifsson Gudmar , Gudbjartsson Daniel F. , Sulem Patrick , Stefansson Hreinn , Stefansson Kari 
Published: October 2021

AbstractVertigo is the leading symptom of vestibular disorders and a major risk factor for falls. In a genome-wide association study of vertigo (Ncases = 48,072, Ncontrols = 894,541), we uncovered an association with six common sequence variants in individuals of European ancestry, including missense variants in ZNF91, OTOG, OTOGL, and TECTA, and a cis-eQTL for ARMC9. The association of variants in ZNF91, OTOGL, and OTOP1 was driven by an association with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Using previous reports of sequence variants associating with age-related hearing impairment and motion sickness, we found eight additional variants that associate with vertigo. Although disorders of the auditory and the vestibular system may co-occur, none of the six genome-wide significant vertigo variants were associated with hearing loss and only one was associated with age-related hearing impairment. Our results uncovered sequence variants associating with vertigo in a genome-wide association study and implicated genes with known roles in inner ear development, maintenance, and disease.
Offspring production from cryopreserved primordial germ cells in Drosophila
Authors: Asaoka Miho , Sakamaki Yurina , Fukumoto Tatsuya , Nishimura Kaori , Tomaru Masatoshi , Takano-Shimizu Toshiyuki , Tanaka Daisuke , Kobayashi Satoru 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThere is an urgent need to cryopreserve Drosophila stocks that have been maintained as living cultures for a long time. Long-term culture increases the risk of accidental loss and of unwanted genetic alteration. Here, we report that cryopreserved primordial germ cells (PGCs) can produce F1 progeny when transplanted into hosts. The cryopreserved donor PGCs could form germline stem cells in host gonads and contributed to continuous offspring production. Furthermore, the ability to produce offspring did not appear to vary with either differences between donor strains or cryopreservation duration. Therefore, we propose that our cryopreservation method is feasible for long-term storage of various Drosophila strains. These results underscore the potential usefulness of our cryopreservation method for backing up living stocks to avoid either accidental loss or genetic alteration.
Two-photon activated precision molecular photosensitizer targeting mitochondria
Authors: Mariz Inês F. A. , Pinto Sandra N. , Santiago Ana M. , Martinho José M. G. , Recio Javier , Vaquero Juan J. , Cuadro Ana M. , Maçôas Ermelinda 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMitochondria metabolism is an emergent target for the development of novel anticancer agents. It is amply recognized that strategies that allow for modulation of mitochondrial function in specific cell populations need to be developed for the therapeutic potential of mitochondria-targeting agents to become a reality in the clinic. In this work, we report dipolar and quadrupolar quinolizinium and benzimidazolium cations that show mitochondria targeting ability and localized light-induced mitochondria damage in live animal cells. Some of the dyes induce a very efficient disruption of mitochondrial potential and subsequent cell death under two-photon excitation in the Near-infrared (NIR) opening up possible applications of azonia/azolium aromatic heterocycles as precision photosensitizers. The dipolar compounds could be excited in the NIR due to a high two-photon brightness while exhibiting emission in the red part of the visible spectra (600–700 nm). Interaction with the mitochondria leads to an unexpected blue-shift of the emission of the far-red emitting compounds, which we assign to emission from the locally excited state. Interaction and possibly aggregation at the mitochondria prevents access to the intramolecular charge transfer state responsible for far-red emission.
Similarities of magnetoconvection in the umbra and in the penumbra of sunspots
Authors: Löptien B. , Lagg A. , van Noort M. , Solanki S. K. 
Published: October 2021

Context. It is unclear why there is a rather sharp boundary in sunspots between the umbra and the penumbra. Both regions exhibit magnetoconvection, which manifests in penumbral filaments in the penumbra and in umbral dots in the umbra.
Aims. Here we compare the physical properties of umbral dots and penumbral filaments. Our goal is to understand how the properties of these convective features change across the boundary between the umbra and the penumbra and how this is related to the rapid increase in brightness at the umbra-penumbra boundary.
Methods. We derived ensemble averages of the physical properties of different types of convective features based on observations of two sunspots with Hinode.
Results. There are strong similarities between the convective features in the outer parts of the umbra and the ones in the penumbra, with most physical parameters being smooth and continuous functions of the length of the features.
Conclusions. Our results indicate that the transition in brightness from the umbra to the penumbra is solely caused by an increased effectiveness of magnetoconvection within individual convective cells. There is no significant difference in the number density of convective elements between the outer umbra and the inner penumbra. Penumbral filaments exhibit a larger area and a higher brightness compared to umbral dots. It is still unclear how exactly the underlying magnetic field causes the increase in the size and brightness of convective features in the penumbra.
Barrieren und Förderfaktoren in der evidenzbasierten Praxis (EBP) der Physiotherapie – Eine Bestandsaufnahme und Eruierung von Barrieren und Förderfaktoren zur Anwendung von EBP mit Physiotherapeut*innen der deutschsprachigen Schweiz
Authors: Freitag Livia , Hohenauer Erich , Deflorin Carlina , Böni André Christoph , Clijsen Ron 
Published: October 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Akademisierung der Gesundheitsberufe führte in der Physiotherapie zu einem Wechsel von primär erfahrungsbasiertem zu evidenzbasiertem Arbeiten. Obwohl das Konzept der evidenzbasierten Praxis (EBP) in der Physiotherapie weitgehend akzeptiert ist, zeigen sich Probleme bei der Umsetzung in die Praxis.
Ziel Identifikation potentieller Barrieren und unterstützender Faktoren für die Umsetzung der evidenzbasierten Praxis in der Physiotherapie.
Methode Anhand eines Onlinefragebogens mit 49 Fragen wurden Physiotherapeut*innen (n = 138) zur evidenzbasierten Praxis befragt. Die Resultate des Fragebogens wurden deskriptiv wiedergegeben.
Ergebnisse Physiotherapeut*innen mit Masterabschluss arbeiten im Arbeitsalltag evidenzbasierter als Physiotherapeut*innen mit anderen Abschlüssen und zeigen eine höhere Bereitschaft, evidenzbasierte Praxis anwenden zu wollen. Unsicherheiten wurden vorwiegend beim Formulieren von Fragestellungen sowie bei der Suche und kritischen Bewertung von wissenschaftlichen Artikeln festgestellt. Eine Aus- oder Weiterbildung zur evidenzbasierten Praxis führt zu mehr Sicherheit bei deren Anwendung. Klinische Entscheidungswege basieren vorwiegend auf der eigenen Praxiserfahrung, dem Befinden von Patient*innen und auf Informationen aus Fachzeitschriften. Zeitmangel, sich während der Arbeit weiterzubilden, stellt die Hauptbarriere dar. Zusammengefasste Forschungsergebnisse publiziert auf einem evidenzbasierten Internetportal, per E-Mail-Versand oder in einer Fachzeitschrift sind die meistgenannten Förderfaktoren für die Anwendung evidenzbasierter Praxis.
Schlussfolgerung Fach- und Hochschulen sowie Arbeitgeber*innen spielen eine wichtige Rolle bei der Vermittlung von Kenntnissen und der Umsetzung von evidenzbasierter Praxis in der Physiotherapie.
Intramolecular Oxidative Diaryl Coupling of Tetrasubstituted Diphenylamines for the Preparation of Bis(trifluoromethyl) Dimethyl Carbazoles
Authors: Duda Addison M. , Guarr Thomas F. , Giurini Michael T. , Gillmore Jason G. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSynthetic preparation of carbazoles can be challenging, requiring ring-building strategies and/or precious metal catalysts. Presented herein is a method for the preparation of carbazoles with the use of inexpensive and reliable hypervalent iodine chemistry. An oxidative single-electron-transfer (SET) event initiates cyclization for the preparation of our trifluoromethyl carbazoles. This method has been shown to be useful for a variety of bis(trifluoromethyl)carbazole isomers that are of primary interest for use as battery materials.
Prevalence of Enchondromas of the Proximal Femur in Adults as an Incidental Finding on MRI of the Pelvis
Authors: Davies A. M. , Patel A. , Azzopardi C. , James S. L. , Botchu R. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective To determine the prevalence of enchondroma in adults as an incidental finding in the proximal femur on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Materials and Methods A retrospective review of the MRI scans of the pelvis in a series of adult patients was conducted. All presented with nononcological musculoskeletal complaints. The site, size, and appearances of the enchondromas were identified according to criteria from previous studies.
Results A total of 1,209 proximal femora in 610 patients were reviewed and a total of 9 enchondromas were identified. These ranged from 0.6 to 2.5 cm in length (mean 1.3 cm). None showed aggressive features suggestive of malignancy. Three cases (33%) underwent follow-up MRI scans which showed no change in size or morphology.
Conclusion The prevalence on MRI of incidental enchondromas arising in the proximal femur is 0.7%. This is three to four times less common than seen in the proximal humerus and around the knee.
Role of SCO-792, A Novel Enteropeptidase Inhibitor, In the Prevention of Post-Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Pancreatitis
Authors: Rashid Mohammed Yousif , Gnawali Anupa 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAcute pancreatitis is the most common iatrogenic dilemma of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, and it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Several factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis, and preventive measures were practiced accordingly. This study aims to refine the potential mechanisms that trigger post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis and define the role of enteropeptidase in the pathogenesis of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis. Furthermore, address the role of a new novel medication known as SCO-792, a potent enteropeptidase inhibitor, in the prevention of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis.Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis is caused by premature activation of the pancreatic enzymes within the pancreatic parenchyma. This activation is either an autoactivation due to direct provocation of intra-acinar enzymes as a result of the procedure or due to activation by enterpeptidase, a rate-limiting enzyme. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography interjects duodenal juice that is rich in enterokinase into the pancreatic-biliary tract, which in turn leads to intra-ductal activation of trypsinogen and subsequent enzymes. Given the vital role of enterokinase in initiating the pathogenesis of pancreatitis, enteropeptidase inhibition may prevent and reduce the severity of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis.SCO-792, a novel enteropeptidase inhibitor, is developed by SCOHIA Pharma, and pre-clinical trials confirmed its efficacy in inhibiting enteropeptidase. Studies are needed to confirm the efficacy of enteropeptidase inhibitors in preventing post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis.
Atomistic calculations of thermal conductivity in films made from graphene sheets for electron emitter applications
Authors: Sami S. N. , Islam R. , Joshi R. P. 
Published: October 2021

Simulations for the thermal conductivity of carbon fibers (CFs) are carried out based on a molecular dynamics (MD) approach. Our calculations are geared toward providing a general trend for thermal conductivity and its dependence on sample length and to probe the suitability of this material for high power applications from the thermal management standpoint. Since abundant data are not available for carbon fibers, calculations are first carried out in silicon to validate the predictions. The MD results yield a bulk thermal conductivity of 148 W m−1 K−1 for silicon in good agreement with published reports. However, for CF, a much lower bulk value of ∼14 W m−1 K−1 is predicted. This suggests that thermal management would likely be an issue for this material and that CF emitters of lengths below 2 µm should be avoided. The predicted increases in thermal conductivity with temperature may help alleviate the issue to a minor degree. Carbon nanotubes would likely be a better alternative in this context of field emitter arrays.