bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of a German and English Version of the Revised	Art-of-Living Inventory
Authors: Schmitz Bernhard , Schumacher Bettina , Schwarz Mira , Feldmann Franziska 
Published: June 2021

Abstract. It is an important goal for many people to achieve happiness or well-being. Research has shown the effects of various stand-alone strategies to increase well-being. However, it is unclear whether multiple strategies can enhance happiness. Art-of-living is defined as a combination of the most important strategies that lead to well-being. Based on philosophical theory and empirical studies, 11 strategy components have been identified. A basic questionnaire, the Art-of-Living Inventory (AOLI), which aims to measure these strategies, was validated in a German-speaking sample ( n = 1,302) and an English-speaking sample ( n = 2,166). Results confirmed the hypothesized factor structure which comprised 11 dimensions and at least weak measurement invariance. Further analyses demonstrated good internal consistency, retest reliability and convergent, and discriminant validity with respect to different indicators of well-being and the validation measures. Multiple regressions indicated that a combination of multiple components was significantly better at predicting well-being than even the best single component. Moreover, when compared to personality, art-of-living was demonstrated to have additional and distinct effects on well-being. In sum, the AOLI has promising measurement characteristics and may be applied in research studies to better understand well-being and in intervention studies aimed at enhancing well-being.
Geosynchronous Magnetopause Crossings and Their Relationships With Magnetic Storms and Substorms
Authors: Samsonov A. A. , Bogdanova Y. V. , Branduardi‐Raymont G. , Xu L. , Zhang J. , Sormakov D. , Troshichev O. A. , Forsyth C. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe paper investigates the strengthening of magnetospheric activity related to geosynchronous magnetopause crossings (GMCs). We make a list of GMC events using the empirical magnetopause model (Lin et al., 2010, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009ja014235) and hourly averaged OMNI data and find which solar wind and magnetospheric conditions accompany and follow the GMCs. The GMCs are mostly caused by the impact of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) and/or interplanetary shocks often with a strong increase in the density and a moderate increase in velocity. The average solar wind density during the first GMC hour is higher than 20 cm−3 in 70% cases, while the velocity is higher than 500 km/s in 56% cases. The hourly interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) BZ is negative in 87% cases. The average over all events SMU (SML), Kp, and PC indices reach maxima (minima) in 1 h after the GMC beginning, while the delay of the minimum of the Dst index is usually 3–8 h. These average time delays do not depend on the strength of the storms and substorms. The SML (Dst) minimum is less than −500 nT (−30 nT) in the next 24 h in 95% (99%) cases, that is, the GMC events are mostly followed by magnetic storms and substorms. We compare solar wind and magnetospheric conditions for GMCs connected with ICMEs and stream interaction regions (SIRs). Our study confirms that the ICME‐related events are characterized by stronger ring current and auroral activity than the SIR‐related events. The difference might be explained by the different behavior of the solar wind velocity.
Magnetopause Reconnection and Indents Induced by Foreshock Turbulence
Authors: Chen Li‐Jen , Ng Jonathan , Omelchenko Yuri , Wang Shan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBased on global hybrid simulation results, we predict that foreshock turbulence can reach the magnetopause and lead to reconnection as well as Earth‐sized indents. Both the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) and solar wind are constant in our simulation, and hence, all dynamics are generated by foreshock instabilities. The IMF in the simulation is mostly Sun‐Earth aligned with a weak northward and zero dawn‐dusk component, such that subsolar magnetopause reconnection is not expected without foreshock turbulence modifying the magnetosheath fields. We show a reconnection example to illustrate that the turbulence can create large magnetic shear angles across the magnetopause to induce local bursty reconnection. Magnetopause reconnection and indents developed from the impact of foreshock turbulence can potentially contribute to dayside loss of planetary plasmas.
Light People: Professor Chennupati Jagadish
Authors: Wang Hui 
Published: June 2021

EditorialIn 2018, the Indian film “Starting Line” focused the public’s attention on the issue of education in India. It depicted the length some Indian parents were willing to go to secure educational resources for their children, as well as the difficulties faced by those disadvantaged in society in their fight for equal educational opportunities. In reality, many brilliant young Indian talents have been able to study in Australia through a fund set up by Prof. Chennupati Jagadish, a Distinguished Professor of the Australian National University. Prof. Jagadish is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science and the Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering. In 2018 he was awarded a UNESCO Prize for his contribution to the development of nanoscience and nanotechnology. He holds many positions, and has won numerous awards. What started Prof. Jagadish on his scientific research career? How did he become the respected scientist he is today? What was his intention in setting up the educational fund for students from developing countries? What advice does he have for young researchers? Here are the answers from Prof. Jagadish.
A thin-film temperature sensor based on a flexible electrode and substrate
Authors: Liu Zhaojun , Tian Bian , Zhang Bingfei , Liu Jiangjiang , Zhang Zhongkai , Wang Song , Luo Yunyun , Zhao Libo , Shi Peng , Lin Qijing , Jiang Zhuangde 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAccurate temperature measurements can efficiently solve numerous critical problems and provide key information. Herein, a flexible micro-three-dimensional sensor, with a combination of platinum and indium oxide to form thermocouples, is designed and fabricated by a microfabrication process to achieve in situ real-time temperature measurements. The stability and reliability of the sensor are greatly improved by optimizing the process parameters, structural design, and preparation methods. A novel micro-three-dimensional structure with better malleability is designed, which also takes advantage of the fast response of a two-dimensional thin film. The as-obtained flexible temperature sensor with excellent stability and reliability is expected to greatly contribute to the development of essential components in various emerging research fields, including bio-robot and healthcare systems. The model of the application sensor in a mask is further proposed and designed to realize the collection of health information, reducing the number of deaths caused by the lack of timely detection and treatment of patients.
A MT-TL1 variant identified by whole exome sequencing in an individual with intellectual disability, epilepsy, and spastic tetraparesis
Authors: de Boer Elke , Ockeloen Charlotte W. , Matalonga Leslie , Horvath Rita ,   Solve-RD SNV-indel working group, Cohen Enzo , Cuesta Isabel , Danis Daniel , Denommé-Pichon Anne-Sophie , Duffourd Yannis , Gilissen Christian , Johari Mridul , Laurie Steven , Li Shuang , Matalonga Leslie , Nelson Isabelle , Peters Sophia , Paramonov Ida , Prasanth Sivakumar , Robinson Peter , Sablauskas Karolis , Savarese Marco , Steyaert Wouter , Töpf Ana , van der Velde Joeri K. , Vitobello Antonio , Rodenburg Richard J. , Coenen Marieke J. H. , Janssen Mirian , Henssen Dylan , Gilissen Christian , Steyaert Wouter , Paramonov Ida ,   Solve-RD-DITF-ITHACA, Banka Siddharth , Benetti Elisa , Casari Giorgio , Ciolfi Andrea , Clayton-Smith Jill , Dallapiccola Bruno , de Boer Elke , Ellwanger Kornelia , Faivre Laurence , Graessner Holm , Haack Tobias B. , Hammarsjö Anna , Havlovicova Marketa , Hoischen Alexander , Hugon Anne , Jackson Adam , Kleefstra Tjitske , Lindstrand Anna , López-Martín Estrella , Macek Milan , Morleo Manuela , Nigro Vicenzo , Nordgren Ann , Pettersson Maria , Pinelli Michele , Pizzi Simone , Posada Manuel , Radio Francesca Clementina , Renieri Alessandra , Rooryck Caroline , Ryba Lukas , Schwarz Martin , Tartaglia Marco , Thauvin Christel , Torella Annalaura , Verloes Alain , Vissers Lisenka , Votypka Pavel , Vyshka Klea , Zurek Birte , Trimouille Aurélien , Kleefstra Tjitske , Verloes Alain , Vissers Lisenka E. L. M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe genetic etiology of intellectual disability remains elusive in almost half of all affected individuals. Within the Solve-RD consortium, systematic re-analysis of whole exome sequencing (WES) data from unresolved cases with (syndromic) intellectual disability (n = 1,472 probands) was performed. This re-analysis included variant calling of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants, although mtDNA is not specifically targeted in WES. We identified a functionally relevant mtDNA variant in MT-TL1 (NC_012920.1:m.3291T > C; NC_012920.1:n.62T > C), at a heteroplasmy level of 22% in whole blood, in a 23-year-old male with severe intellectual disability, epilepsy, episodic headaches with emesis, spastic tetraparesis, brain abnormalities, and feeding difficulties. Targeted validation in blood and urine supported pathogenicity, with heteroplasmy levels of 23% and 58% in index, and 4% and 17% in mother, respectively. Interestingly, not all phenotypic features observed in the index have been previously linked to this MT-TL1 variant, suggesting either broadening of the m.3291T > C-associated phenotype, or presence of a co-occurring disorder. Hence, our case highlights the importance of underappreciated mtDNA variants identifiable from WES data, especially for cases with atypical mitochondrial phenotypes and their relatives in the maternal line.
A critical role of PvFtsH2 in the degradation of photodamaged D1 protein in common bean
Authors: Xu Kun , Zhu Jinlong , Zhai Hong , Wu Hongyan , Gao Yi , Li Yuzhuo , Zhu Xiaobin , Xia Zhengjun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLight is required for initiating chloroplast biogenesis and photosynthesis; however, the photosystem II reaction center (PSII RC) can be photodamaged. In this study, we characterizedpvsl1, a seedling-lethal mutant ofPhaseolus vulgaris. This mutant showed lethality when exposed to sunlight irradiation and a yellow-green leaf phenotype when grown in a growth chamber under low-light conditions. We developed 124 insertion/deletion (INDEL) markers based on resequencing data of Dalong1 and PI60234, two local Chinese common bean cultivars, for genetic mapping. We identifiedPhvul.002G190900, which encodes the PvFtsH2 protein, as the candidate gene for thispvsl1mutation through fine-mapping and functional analysis. A single-base deletion occurred in the coding region ofPhvul.002G190900in thepvsl1mutant, resulting in a frameshift mutation and a truncated protein lacking the Zn2+metalloprotease domain. Suppressed expression ofPhvul.002G190900at the transcriptional level was detected, while no change in the subcellular localization signal was observed. The seedlings ofpvsl1exhibited hypersensitivity to photoinhibition stress. In thepvsl1mutant, abnormal accumulation of the D1 protein indicated a failure to rapidly degrade damaged D1 protein in the PSII RC. The results of this study demonstrated that PvFtsH2 is critically required for survival and maintaining photosynthetic activity by degrading photodamaged PSII RC D1 protein in common bean.
Melatonin-induced DNA demethylation of metal transporters and antioxidant genes alleviates lead stress in radish plants
Authors: Tang Mingjia , Xu Liang , Wang Yan , Dong Junhui , Zhang Xiaoli , Wang Kai , Ying Jiali , Li Cui , Liu Liwang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMelatonin (MT) is a tryptophan-derived natural product that plays a vital role in plant response to abiotic stresses, including heavy metals (HMs). However, it remains elusive how exogenous MT mediates lead (Pb) accumulation and detoxification at the methylation and transcriptional levels in radish. In this study, decreased Pb accumulation and increased antioxidant enzyme activity were detected under MT treatment in radish. Single-base resolution maps of DNA methylation under Pb stress (Pb200) and Pb plus MT treatment (Pb_50MT) were first generated. The genome-wide methylation level was increased under Pb stress, while an overall loss of DNA methylation was observed under MT treatment. The differentially methylated region (DMR)-associated genes between Pb_50MT and Pb200 were uniquely enriched in ion binding terms, including cation binding, iron ion binding, and transition metal ion binding. Hyper-DMRs between Pb200 and Control exhibited a decreasing trend of methylation under Pb_50MT treatment. A few critical upregulated antioxidant genes (e.g., RsAPX2, RsPOD52 and RsGST) exhibited decreased methylation levels under MT treatment, which enabled the radish plants to scavenge lead-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decrease oxidative stress. Notably, several MT-induced HM transporter genes with low methylation (e.g., RsABCF5, RsYSL7 and RsHMT) and transcription factors (e.g., RsWRKY41 and RsMYB2) were involved in reducing Pb accumulation in radish roots. These findings could facilitate comprehensive elucidation of the molecular mechanism underlying MT-mediated Pb accumulation and detoxification in radish and other root vegetable crops.
SlRCM1, which encodes tomato Lutescent1, is required for chlorophyll synthesis and chloroplast development in fruits
Authors: Liu Genzhong , Yu Huiyang , Yuan Lei , Li Changxing , Ye Jie , Chen Weifang , Wang Ying , Ge Pingfei , Zhang Junhong , Ye Zhibiao , Zhang Yuyang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn plants, chloroplasts are the sites at which photosynthesis occurs, and an increased abundance of chloroplasts increases the nutritional quality of plants and the resultant color of fruits. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying chlorophyll synthesis and chloroplast development in tomato fruits remain unknown. In this study, we isolated a chlorophyll-deficient mutant, reduced chlorophyll mutant 1 (rcm1), by ethylmethanesulfonate mutagenesis; this mutant produced yellowish fruits with altered chloroplast development. MutMap revealed that Solyc08g005010 is the causal gene underlying the rcm1 mutant phenotype. A single-nucleotide base substitution in the second exon of SlRCM1 results in premature termination of its translated protein. SlRCM1 encodes a chloroplast-targeted metalloendopeptidase that is orthologous to the BCM1 protein of Arabidopsis and the stay-green G protein of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.). Notably, the yellowish phenotype of the lutescent1 mutant can be restored with the allele of SlRCM1 from wild-type tomato. In contrast, knockout of SlRCM1 by the CRISPR/Cas9 system in Alisa Craig yielded yellowish fruits at the mature green stage, as was the case for lutescent1. Amino acid sequence alignment and functional complementation assays showed that SlRCM1 is indeed Lutescent1. These findings provide new insights into the regulation of chloroplast development in tomato fruits.
Mutation of SlARC6 leads to tissue-specific defects in chloroplast development in tomato
Authors: Chang Jiang , Zhang Fanyu , Qin Haiyang , Liu Peng , Wang Jianfeng , Wu Shuang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe proliferation and development of chloroplasts are important for maintaining the normal chloroplast population in plant tissues. Most studies have focused on chloroplast maintenance in leaves. In this study, we identified a spontaneous mutation in a tomato mutant named suffulta (su), in which the stems appeared albinic while the leaves remained normal. Map-based cloning showed that Su encodes a DnaJ heat shock protein that is a homolog of the Arabidopsis gene AtARC6, which is involved in chloroplast division. Knockdown and knockout of SlARC6 in wild-type tomato inhibit chloroplast division, indicating the conserved function of SlARC6. In su mutants, most mesophyll cells contain only one or two giant chloroplasts, while no chloroplasts are visible in 60% of stem cells, resulting in the albinic phenotype. Compared with mature tissues, the meristem of su mutants suggested that chloroplasts could partially divide in meristematic cells, suggesting the existence of an alternative mechanism in those dividing cells. Interestingly, the adaxial petiole cells of su mutants contain more chloroplasts than the abaxial cells. In addition, prolonged lighting can partially rescue the albinic phenotypes in su mutants, implying that light may promote SlACR6-independent chloroplast development. Our results verify the role of SlACR6 in chloroplast division in tomato and uncover the tissue-specific regulation of chloroplast development.
Combination of genetic analysis and ancient literature survey reveals the divergence of traditional Brassica rapa varieties from Kyoto, Japan
Authors: Kawakatsu Yaichi , Sakamoto Tomoaki , Nakayama Hokuto , Kaminoyama Kaori , Igarashi Kaori , Yasugi Masaki , Kudoh Hiroshi , Nagano Atsushi J. , Yano Kentaro , Kubo Nakao , Notaguchi Michitaka , Kimura Seisuke 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSince ancient times, humans have bred several plants that we rely on today. However, little is known about the divergence of most of these plants. In the present study, we investigated the divergence of Mibuna (Brassica rapa L. subsp. nipposinica L. H. Bailey), a traditional leafy vegetable in Kyoto (Japan), by combining genetic analysis and a survey of ancient literature. Mibuna is considered to have been bred 200 years ago from Mizuna, another traditional leafy vegetable in Kyoto. Mibuna has simple spatulate leaves, whereas Mizuna has characteristic serrated leaves. The quantitative trait loci (QTL) and gene expression analyses suggested that the downregulation of BrTCP15 expression contributed to the change in the leaf shape from serrated to simple spatulate. Interestingly, the SNP analysis indicated that the genomic region containing the BrTCP15 locus was transferred to Mibuna by introgression. Furthermore, we conducted a survey of ancient literature to reveal the divergence of Mibuna and found that hybridization between Mizuna and a simple-leaved turnip might have occurred in the past. Indeed, the genomic analysis of multiple turnip cultivars showed that one of the cultivars, Murasakihime, has almost the same sequence in the BrTCP15 region as Mibuna. These results suggest that the hybridization between Mizuna and turnip has resulted in the establishment of Mibuna.
Locally commensurate charge-density wave with three-unit-cell periodicity in YBa2Cu3Oy
Authors: Vinograd Igor , Zhou Rui , Hirata Michihiro , Wu Tao , Mayaffre Hadrien , Krämer Steffen , Liang Ruixing , Hardy W. N. , Bonn D. A. , Julien Marc-Henri 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn order to identify the mechanism responsible for the formation of charge-density waves (CDW) in cuprate superconductors, it is important to understand which aspects of the CDW’s microscopic structure are generic and which are material-dependent. Here, we show that, at the local scale probed by NMR, long-range CDW order in YBa2Cu3Oy is unidirectional with a commensurate period of three unit cells (λ = 3b), implying that the incommensurability found in X-ray scattering is ensured by phase slips (discommensurations). Furthermore, NMR spectra reveal a predominant oxygen character of the CDW with an out-of-phase relationship between certain lattice sites but no specific signature of a secondary CDW with λ = 6b associated with a putative pair-density wave. These results shed light on universal aspects of the cuprate CDW. In particular, its spatial profile appears to generically result from the interplay between an incommensurate tendency at long length scales, possibly related to properties of the Fermi surface, and local commensuration effects, due to electron-electron interactions or lock-in to the lattice.
Incentive-driven transition to high ride-sharing adoption
Authors: Storch David-Maximilian , Timme Marc , Schröder Malte 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRide-sharing—the combination of multiple trips into one—may substantially contribute towards sustainable urban mobility. It is most efficient at high demand locations with many similar trip requests. However, here we reveal that people’s willingness to share rides does not follow this trend. Modeling the fundamental incentives underlying individual ride-sharing decisions, we find two opposing adoption regimes, one with constant and another one with decreasing adoption as demand increases. In the high demand limit, the transition between these regimes becomes discontinuous, switching abruptly from low to high ride-sharing adoption. Analyzing over 360 million ride requests in New York City and Chicago illustrates that both regimes coexist across the cities, consistent with our model predictions. These results suggest that even a moderate increase in the financial incentives may have a disproportionately large effect on the ride-sharing adoption of individual user groups.
Acoustic cavities in 2D heterostructures
Authors: Zalalutdinov Maxim K. , Robinson Jeremy T. , Fonseca Jose J. , LaGasse Samuel W. , Pandey Tribhuwan , Lindsay Lucas R. , Reinecke Thomas L. , Photiadis Douglas M. , Culbertson James C. , Cress Cory D. , Houston Brian H. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTwo-dimensional (2D) materials offer unique opportunities in engineering the ultrafast spatiotemporal response of composite nanomechanical structures. In this work, we report on high frequency, high quality factor (Q) 2D acoustic cavities operating in the 50–600 GHz frequency (f) range with f × Q up to 1 × 1014. Monolayer steps and material interfaces expand cavity functionality, as demonstrated by building adjacent cavities that are isolated or strongly-coupled, as well as a frequency comb generator in MoS2/h-BN systems. Energy dissipation measurements in 2D cavities are compared with attenuation derived from phonon-phonon scattering rates calculated using a fully microscopic ab initio approach. Phonon lifetime calculations extended to low frequencies (<1 THz) and combined with sound propagation analysis in ultrathin plates provide a framework for designing acoustic cavities that approach their fundamental performance limit. These results provide a pathway for developing platforms employing phonon-based signal processing and for exploring the quantum nature of phonons.
Designing temporal networks that synchronize under resource constraints
Authors: Zhang Yuanzhao , Strogatz Steven H. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBeing fundamentally a non-equilibrium process, synchronization comes with unavoidable energy costs and has to be maintained under the constraint of limited resources. Such resource constraints are often reflected as a finite coupling budget available in a network to facilitate interaction and communication. Here, we show that introducing temporal variation in the network structure can lead to efficient synchronization even when stable synchrony is impossible in any static network under the given budget, thereby demonstrating a fundamental advantage of temporal networks. The temporal networks generated by our open-loop design are versatile in the sense of promoting synchronization for systems with vastly different dynamics, including periodic and chaotic dynamics in both discrete-time and continuous-time models. Furthermore, we link the dynamic stabilization effect of the changing topology to the curvature of the master stability function, which provides analytical insights into synchronization on temporal networks in general. In particular, our results shed light on the effect of network switching rate and explain why certain temporal networks synchronize only for intermediate switching rate.