bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glaucoma Associated With Epithelial Downgrowth Controlled With Molteno Tube Shunts
Authors: Costa Vital P , Katz L Jay , Cohen Elisabeth J , Raber Irving M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We report two histopathologically proven cases of epithelial downgrowth in which the secondary glaucoma was controlled by a double-plate Molteno tube shunt and useful vision restored with a penetrating keratoplasty. The combination of a tube shunt and penetrating keratoplasty may be indicated to maintain useful vision in advanced cases of epithelial downgrowth associated with secondary glaucoma.
Anterior Chamber Tube Shunt to an Encircling Band (Schocket Procedure) in the Treatment of Refractory Glaucoma
Authors: Spiegel Detlev , Shrader Robb R , Wilson Richard P 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We reviewed a series of 42 eyes in patients with refractory glaucoma who had undergone a Schocket procedure. The mean follow up was 17.5 months; the minimal follow up, 8 months. The success rate was 81%, with "success" defined as either (1) an intraocular pressure less than 21 and greater than 5 mm Hg, with a pressure reduction of at least 10%, and less or no medication; or (2) a pressure reduction of at least 30%, with no change of medication. When eyes with a loss of more then one Snellen line of visual acuity were interpreted as failures, the success rate dropped to 61%. Forty percent of all cases required revision. In four cases, the shunt had to be removed (three cases due to hypotony and one secondary to conjunctival erosion). These results are in the range of those obtained by other investigators using this technique or other tube-shunt procedures.
YAG Laser Demonstration of the Anatomy of the Lens Nucleus
Authors: Drews Robert C 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
I used YAG laser energy to demonstrate the position and surface of the core of the lens nucleus and to prove the existence of the radial structure of the lens nucleus. Not only does hydrodissection of the epinuclear layers from the nuclear core demonstrate the existence of an anatomical substrate, but also radial fracturing of the nucleus both in phacoemulsification and planned extracapsular surgery can make use of these anatomical features to achieve smaller incisions and thereby smaller wounds.
Cyclodialysis Cleft Following Holmium Laser Sclerostomy, Treated by Argon Laser Photocoagulation
Authors: Terry Stuart A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
I report, to my knowledge for the first time, a case of inadvertent cyclodialysis cleft formation as a complication of holmium laser sclerostomy. Argon laser photocoagulation was used successfully to repair the cleft.
Ohmmeter-Guided Nasolacrimal Intubation
Authors: Bargum Ralph 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Retrieval of steel probes via the inferior meatus of the nose in monocanalicular and bicanalicular nasolacrimal intubation can be a tricky maneuver, possibly complicated by bleeding from lacerated soft tissue around the inferior turbinate. Using a low-voltage device (essentially, an ohmmeter) to assure contact between the retrieval hook and the distal end of the steel probe greatly facilitates the procedure.
Lack of Toxicity of Intravitreally Administered Interferon Alpha-2a
Authors: Karaçorlu Murat A , Peyman Gholam A , Cruz Sergio , Soike Kenneth F 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We investigated the toxicity of single doses of intravitreally administered interferon alpha-2a in albino rabbits. Following injection of interferon in doses of 40 000, 80 000, 160 000, 320 000, and 640 000 IU/0.1 mL, no significant histologic changes were detected by light and electron microscopy. Photopic and scotopic electroretinography showed no alteration of retinal function.
A Superior and Inferior Orbital Rim-Based Exophthalmometer (Orbitometer)
Authors: Naugle Thomas C , Couvillion John T 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
In exophthalmometry when the lateral orbital rim is used as the instrument's fixation base, any alteration in the rim will render serial measurements inaccurate. The exophthalmometer we describe (technically, an "orbitometer") uses the superior and inferior orbital rim areas as a base of reference, making it particularly useful in lateral orbitotomy procedures. This instrument can be aligned at the midpupil horizontally and vertically with a vertical fixation bar. In addition, a vertical bar grathent scale allows measurement of hypoophthalmos and hyperophthalmos.
Effect of Subconjunctival Daunorubicin on Glaucoma Surgery in Rabbits
Authors: Xu Yan , Yang Guo Hua , Gin Wei Min , Chen Ke Qin , Song Xiao Hong 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Daunorubicin (DNR), an antibiotic-antimetabolite, was used as an adjunct to standardized partialthickness filtration surgery in 21 rabbits to determine its effects on that surgery. Postoperatively, one of the eyes of each rabbit received subconjunctival injections of DNR 25 µg or 50 µg, while the fellow eyes received only diluent, daily for 2 to 14 days. Bleb survival, fistula patency, the thickness of the subconjunctival connective tissue, and postoperative complications were investigated. The filtration blebs lasted significantly longer (P < .005), the rate of fistula closure was significantly lower (P < .005), and the subepithelial connective tissue was much looser and thicker in the experimental eyes than in the control eyes. Corneal toxicity occurred more frequently in the eyes treated with the higher-dose DNR than in those treated with the lower dose and in the control eyes.
Molteno Implants in Patients With Previous Cyclocryotherapy
Authors: Wellemeyer Mark L , Price Francis W 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We report four cases in which cyclocryotherapy preceded Molteno implantation for refractory glaucoma. Three of the four cases were complicated by chronic postoperative hypotony, apparently resulting from overfittration by the seton, even though a single-plate implant, with a limited filtration area, was used. Religation of the filtering tube or removal of the implant should be considered in these cases.
Closed-System Phacoemulsification and Posterior Chamber Implant Combined With Penetrating Keratoplasty
Authors: Malbran E S , Malbran E , Buonsanti J , Adrogué E 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The main intraoperative difficulties of performing a procedure combining open-sky extracapsular cataract extraction, implantation of posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC-IOL), and penetrating keratoplasty ("triple procedure"), most frequently caused by the uncompensated posterior pressure created when the cornea is open, include incomplete capsulorhexis, incomplete aspiration-irrigation of the cortex, uncertain placing of the IOL, posterior capsule rupture, choroidal effusion, and even expulsive hemorrhage. We recommend a two-step procedure that eliminates these problems. The first step begins with removal of epithelium, half-thickness trephining of the cornea, and capsulorhexis; proceeds through phacoemulsification and aspiration-irrigation; and ends with implantation of the PC-IOL, using a pressurized system. The second step is penetrating keratoplasty.
In the six cases undergoing this procedure, none of these complications developed or even tended to develop. Although the follow up in these six cases is very short (from 1 to 6 months), the advantage of the technique is that it effectively precludes the above mentioned intraoperative complications, which could affect late results.
Indirect Micro-Ophthalmoscopy: Intraoperative Binocular Indirect Ophthalmoscopy With the Operating Microscope
Authors: Rao K Rama Mohan , Wessels Izak F 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A hand-held indirect lens and an operating microscope can provide a view of the fundus similar to that provided by the usual binocular indirect ophthalmoscope headpiece. The only modification required is that the working distance must be increased to allow the microscope to be focused on the aerial image created by the hand-held lens. This technique provides a cost-effective means of retinal examination in preparation for intraocular lens implantation. Also, the view of the fundus it provides when complications such as choroidal hemorrhage or lens nucleus dislocation occur, facilitates appropriate management, ft also can be used during posterior segment procedures such as foreign body removal, posterior vitrectomy, and retinal detachment repair. The advantages of this method include the possibility of using the microscope's zoom capability to provide greater magnification, and beam splitters for video or still-camera documentation of the findings during examination under anesthesia.
Vasovagal Heart Block Following Cataract Surgery Under Local Anesthesia
Authors: Hampl Karl F , Marsch Stephan C , Schneider Markus , Flammer Josef 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Hemodynamic alterations during eye surgery usually consist of sinus bradycardia and hypotension provoked by the oculocardiac reflex. We report a case in which severe sinus bradycardia occurring immediately after the end of surgery was complicated by second-degree atrioventricular block, hypotension, and symptomatic myocardial ischemia.
Delayed Sustained Increase in Intraocular Pressure Secondary to the Use of Polyacrylamide Gel (Orcolon) in the Anterior Chamber
Authors: Herrington Ronald G , Ball Stuart F , Updegraff Stephen A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Orcolon, a new viscoelastic substance, was withdrawn from the market in the United States by the manufacturer (Optical Radiation Corporation [ORC], Azusa, Calif) because of reports of delayed sustained increases in intraocular pressure (IOP) observed in patients who had undergone anterior segment surgery involving the use of this product. We examined the charts of 118 cases of anterior segment surgery involving Orcolon at our institution and found delayed IOP spikes in 20 of the 116 cases that had at least 3 months of follow up. Procedures included cataract extraction, penetrating keratoplasty, secondary intraocular lens implantation, and glaucoma surgery. Response to maximal medical therapy was poor; 11 patients underwent procedures for IOP control, an additional 4 required new or increased medications, and 3 developed persistent iritis, which required steroids. Four patients lost two or more lines of Snellen line chart visual acuity, and one went from counts fingers to light perception. The cause may be related to the presence of small particles of viscoelastic, which could lead to decreased aqueous outflow, particularly in eyes with an already compromised trabecular meshwork.
The "Lock-and-Valve" Incision: Truce in the "Suture Wars
Authors: Berger Roland R , Coller Beulah Van 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We describe a variation of the "classical" cataract incision that uses midsize incisions and standard instrumentation. Perpendicular entrance and oblique cut create an acute angle with the iris plane, generating an intracorneal valve. This results in better apposition of the wound's lips and less responsiveness to variations in intraocular pressure; thus, fewer stitches are required. We have achieved favorable results in 16 patients using this type of incision.
Failed Dacryocystorhinostomy: The Sump Syndrome
Authors: Jordan D R , McDonald H 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A dacryocystorhinostomy may fail due to a problem along the canaliculus, at the ostomy site of nasolacrimal sac to nose, due to an intranasal problem or related to the stent. The "sump syndrome" occurs when a residual nasolacrimal sac forms, collects fluids, and leads to tearing. This entity, although uncommon, has a characteristic clinical history and radiologic appearance.
A Refined Technique of Transscleral Suture Fixation of Posterior Chamber Lenses Developed for Cases of Complicated Cataract Surgery With Vitreous Loss
Authors: Mittelviefhaus Hans , Wiek Jutta 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Described is a new technique of transscleral suture fixation of posterior chamber intraocular lenses (PCIOLs) designed to simplify the procedure in cases of complicated cataract surgery with vitreous loss. Sling-sutures are hooked to both haptics of the PC-IOL and the transscleral sutures are buried in scierai tissue without scierai flaps. This scleral-slit technique, which has been successfully used in 20 patients, provides a useful alternative, even in destabilized eyes, to techniques that require preparation of scierai flaps.
Management of Silicone-Induced Cataract in AIDS Patients Treated for Viral Retinitis-Associated Retinal Detachment
Authors: Korobelnik Jean-François , Hannouche Daniele , Cochereau Isabelle , Demers Pierre , Hoang-Xuan Thanh 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcome of cataract surgery for patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who underwent vitrectomy and silicone tamponade for viral retinitis-associated retinal detachment.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: The authors retrospectively reviewed the data of five AIDS patients (five eyes) who had cataract within a mean period of 4 months following vitrectomy and silicone oil tamponade for viral retinitis-associated retinal detachment. Phacoemulsification and implantation of a polymethylmethacrylate posterior chamber intraocular lens were performed. The mean postoperative followup was 3 months.
* RESULTS: Neither silicone oil loss nor retinal redetachment were reported postoperatively. Visual acuity improved in two eyes and remained unchanged in one eye. Total blindness occurred in two eyes.
* CONCLUSION: Although cataract surgery in these eyes is a relative easy procedure and does not interfere with the retinal status, visual outcome remains poor because of possible postoperative optic atrophy.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1997;28:828-831.]
A Comparison of Postoperative Complications From Pressure-Ridge Molteno Implants Versus Molteno Implants With Suture Ligation
Authors: Gerber Steve L , Cantor Louis B , Sponsel William E 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The pressure-ridge Molteno implant incorporates a ridge on the proximal episcleral plate to limit aqueous outflow during the immediate postoperative period. This modification is intended to decrease the high incidence of postoperative hypotony and flat anterior chambers following Molteno tube implantation, while avoiding the pressure spikes that can occur with suture ligation of the Molteno tube. This study was devised to compare postoperative intraocular pressure control and complications associated with pressureridge Molteno implantation versus a standard Molteno implantation with suture ligation of the tube.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty eyes were prospectively randomized to receive either a pressureridge, double-plate Molteno implant or a standard, double-plate Molteno implant with suture ligation of the tube.
* RESULTS: Postoperative intraocular pressure was significantly higher at day 1 and week 2 in the sutureligation implant group, although the final pressure at 12 weeks was not different between the two groups. Six of 1 5 eyes from the pressure-ridge implant group experienced shallow or flat anterior chambers with hypotony, whereas 5 of 15 eyes from the sutureligation implant group had significant postoperative pressure spikes.
* CONCLUSION: Because the ridge effect is unpredictable, further modifications are necessary to prevent postoperative hypotony.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1997;28:905-910.]
Midterm Reversible Failure in Trabeculectomies With Adjunctive Mitomycin-C
Authors: Kasahara Niro , Smith Thomas J , Sibayan Santiago A , Montenegro Martha H , Simmons Ruthanne B , Simmons Richard J 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Trabec ulectomies usually fail early (< 21 days) or late (> 6 months) when no antifibrotic agent is used. Failure is uncommon during the midterm period, between 3 weeks and 6 months. The purpose of this study is to verify the incidence of failure of trabeculectomies with mitomycin-C (MMC) during the midterm period and to evaluate the safety and efficacy of laser suture lysis (LSL) for reversing it.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: The authors reviewed the records of 130 consecutive patients who underwent trabeculectomy with adjunctive MMC.
* RESULTS: Fourteen patients (15 eyes) had increased intraocular pressure (IOP), between 21 and 185 days (median 41 days). LSL was effective in decreasing the IOP to acceptable levels in 10 (66.6%) of the 15 eyes. No complications related to LSL were noticed.
* CONCLUSION: The reversibility of midterm failure seems to be a unique feature of trabeculectomies with MMC.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1997;28:986-991.]
Postoperative Miotics for Patients With Infantile Esotropia
Authors: Spierer Abraham , Zeeli Tal 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To examine the postoperative effect of echothiophate iodide in children who underwent surgery for congenital esotropia, and to find out whether it significantly reduced the residual esotropia.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-one children who underwent surgery to correct congenital esotropia were randomly divided into a study group and a control group. The children in the treatment group received echothiophate iodide eyedrops once daily for 4 months, and all the children received dexamethasone eyedrops for 1 week after surgery. The strabismus angle was measured at 6 days, 6 months, and 12 months postoperatively for every patient. The measurements were compared in both groups using the paired Student's t test.
* RESULTS: The surgical procedure reduced the mean angle of esotropia by 32.4 prism diopters (PD) in the treatment group, and 38.8 PD in the control group. Six months after surgery, a mean decrease in the esotropia of 1 .0 PD was observed in the treatment group, and a mean increase of 0.2 PD was observed in the control group. Twelve months postoperatively, the esotropia increased, by an average of 1.4 and 2.8 PD in the treatment and control groups, respectively. These differences were not statistically different (P > .05).
* CONCLUSION: Echothiophate iodide, given postoperatively for congenital esotropia, does not improve the surgical results during the first postoperative year.
[Ophtlialmic Surg Lasers 1997;28:1002-1005.]
Comparison of Low-Dose Intraoperative Mitomycin-C vs 5-Fluorouracil in Primary Glaucoma Surgery: A Pilot Study
Authors: Vijaya Lingam , Mukhesh Bickol N , Shantha Belekuduru , Ramalingam Sriram , Devi Alaghatta V Sathi 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to compare the efficacy and safety of low-dose intraoperative application of mitomycin-C (MMC) with that of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in primary trabeculectomy.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: A non-randomized prospective study was performed between August 1994 and November 1995. Thirty-two eyes of 16 consecutive patients who underwent trabeculectomy for uncontrolled glaucoma of various causes form the study group. The mean age was 46.8 ± 9.9 years. The first eye received MMC (0.2, 0.4 mg/ml), fellow eye received 5-FU (50 mg/ml), for 1 minute intraoperatively. Bleb characteristics and intraocular pressure (IOP) control were analyzed. Success of surgery based on IOP control was measured by 3 different criteria: IOP less than 21 mm Hg; IOP less than 21 mm Hg with more than 30% reduction; and IOP less than 16 mm Hg with more than 30% reduction.
* RESULTS: Mean preoperative IOP was 31.4 ± 12.7 mm Hg in MMC group and 27.8±8.8 mm Hg in 5-FU group. Mean follow-up in MMC group was 16.12 ± 8.17 months; in 5-FU group 13.37 ± 8.19-months. At last follow-up all 5-FU blebs were nonischemic, while 4 eyes in the MMC group showed non-ischemic blebs, and 12 eyes had ischemic blebs. There was no statistically significant difference between MMC group and 5-FU group success rates with all 3 criteria. Success rates were: IOP less than 21 mm Hg; 100% in both groups; IOP less than 21 mm Hg with more than 30% reduction; MMC group 93.8%, 5-FU group 75%; less than 16 mm Hg with more than 30% reduction; MMC group 87.5%, 5-FU group 68.8%.
CONCLUSIONS: Low-dose intraoperative MMC and 5-FU can provide control of IOP in primary trabeculectomy, 5-FU group showed more non-ischemic blebs.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2000;31:24-30.]
Photodynamic Therapy for Corneal Neovascularization Using Topically Administered ATX-S10(Na)
Authors: Gohto Yuko , Obana Akira , Kanai Masakazu , Nagata Satoshi , Miki Tokuhiko , Nakajima Susumu 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: We investigated the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using topically administered ATX-S10(Na) on corneal neovascularization (CoNV).
* MATERIAL AND METHODS: Rabbit eyes with induced CoNV were treated with ATX-S10(Na) eye drops (10 mg/mL) every 5 minutes, 5 to 25 times. Five to ninety minutes after topical administration, the CoNV were irradiated with a diode laser using a wavelength of 670 nm.

* RESULTS: The CoNV were occluded fluorescein angiographically in 7 of 16 treated eyes. The eyes having occluded, CoNV were irradiated using fluence of 510-1019 J/cm
p 2
within 20 minutes of eye-drop administration. However, the effect was more variable than what we found using systemic administration in our previous investigation.

* CONCLUSIONS: Experimental CoNV was occluded by photodynamic therapy using topically administered ATX-S10(Na), suggesting this modality as a possible treatment for CoNV avoids the side effects found with systemic administration of the dye. Further efforts to improve the eye drops in terms of pH and osmotic pressure are needed to achieve increased dye accumulation.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2000;31:55-60.]
Optical Coherence Tomography Findings in Diabetic Macular Edema Before and After Vitrectomy
Authors: Giovannini Alfonso , Amato Giampaolo , Mariotti Cesare , Scassellati-Sforzolini Baldo 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To assess the role of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the evaluation and follow-up after vitrectomy for diabetic macular edema.
* MATERIALS AND METHODS: The 18 eyes of 12 patients affected by presumed diabetic vitreousinduced macular edema underwent biomicroscopy with a Goldmann contact lens, fluorescein angiography, and OCT.
* RESULTS: OCT revealed two patterns of edema. The first group (15 eyes) was characterized by widespread thickening of the neurosensory retina with an increased nonhomogeneous reflectivity of the inner retinal layers; cystoid-like spaces of absent or reduced reflectivity in the neurosensory retina were also present. In the second group (3 eyes), a cystoid macular edema with a dome-shaped foveal profile because of a markedly increased retinal thickness in the foveal region was observed. The disappearance of the physiologic foveal profile was always seen. Biomicroscopy revealed an increased reflex of the inner limiting membrane in the first group and minimal alterations in the second one. Four patients (7 eyes) underwent vitrectomy with posterior hyaloid removal. In 5 eyes, the patients experienced a visual improvement greater than two Snellen lines. The restoration of the normal foveal profile and the reduction of the retinal thickness on the OCT were evident in all cases one month after surgery.
* CONCLUSION: OCT appears to be a useful tool in the diagnosis and management of diabetic macular edema and in the monitoring of the morphological changes after vitrectomy.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2000;31:187-191]