bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amanita sect. Phalloideae: Two Interesting Non-Lethal Species from West Africa
Authors: Codjia Jean Evans Israel , Wang Pan Meng , Ryberg Martin , Yorou Nourou S. , Yang Zhu L. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The members of Amanita sect. Phalloideae (Fr.) Quél. are responsible of a lot of fatalities worldwide. However, a limited number of species in this section were described as non-lethal because of the lack of deadly toxins. Sequences of species belonging to the section from tropical Africa, America, Asia, Australia, and Europe were involved in this study. Sequences of five genes (ITS, nrLSU, RPB2 , TEF1-α , β-tubulin ) were used to elucidate the phylogenetic affinities among the species. The results indicated that the section has three subclades, one lethal subclade (subclade I) and two non-lethal subclades (subclade II and subclade III). Moreover, two non-lethal species from tropical Africa, namely A. ballerinoides and A. bulbulosa were newly described based on both morphology and molecular approaches. Phylogenetically, they cluster in the same subclade (subclade III) with other known non-lethal amanitas, including A. ballerina, A. chuformis, A. franzii, A. levistriata, and A. pseudogemmata . Neither amatoxins nor phallotoxins were detected in A. ballerinoides and A. bulbulosa by LC-HRMS, which agree with their placements in the non-lethal subclade III within A. sect. Phalloideae . Finally, a key to the West African species of Amanita sect. Phalloideae is provided.
Identification of SNP Markers Associated With Pyrenophora Teres f. Maculata Resistance/susceptibility Loci in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
Authors: Amezrou Reda , Rehman Sajid , Verma Ramesh Pal Singh , Brueggeman Robert S , Belquadi Loubna , Arbaoui Mustapha , Gyawali Sanjaya 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Spot form of net blotch (SFNB), caused by the necrotrophic fungus Pyrenophora teres f. maculata (Ptm), is considered one of the emerging and devastating foliar diseases of barley. Deployment of host resistance against this pathogen remains one of the most effective strategies for its sustainable management. The SFNB resistance in a panel of 336 diverse barley genotypes (AM-2014) was evaluated against three isolates (FGO-Ptm [USA], SM4-2 [Morocco], and SM30-1 [Morocco]), at the seedling stage and under natural conditions in seven environments in Morocco at the adult-plant stage. We identified nine barley genotypes that confer high SFNB resistance in at least five distinct environments and against two isolates. The AM-2014 panel was genotyped with 9K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) using an Illumina Infinium select assay. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were carried out using mixed linear models accounting for population structure as covariates. Significant marker-trait associations were subject to false discovery rate (FDR) at q<0.05. At the seedling stage, we identified 23 isolate-specific loci associated with SFNB resistance/susceptibility. At the adult stage, 19 QTLs were detected. Fourteen of the identified QTL corresponded to previously mapped SFNB resistance QTL, including QRpts4, QRpt6, QRpt7, and SFNB-3H-58.64, while the remaining may represent novel loci. Together, the associated SNPs and resistance sources identified in this study will be useful resources for SFNB resistance breeding.
Antigenic and Histopathologic Searching with Molecular Characterization and Identification of BPIV3 in Cattle with Symptoms of Respiratory System Infection
Authors: KÜÇÜK Ali , Yıldırım Yakup 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Parainfluenza virus is one of the viral agents causing crucial respiratory system diseases in cattle. In this study, we aimed to determine the role and genotype of BPIV3 in circulation in respiratory system diseases in cattle. For this purpose, analyses by molecular and virological ways were applied on the samples taken. During the study, a total of 570 samples as nasal swabs, conjunctival swabs and leukocyte from 190 cattle of various race, age and gender not vaccinated against the agent with symptoms of respiratory system infection were taken. Inoculums prepared from swab samples for virus isolation were planted into MDBK cell lines using adsorption method, their blind passages were performed for two times but BPIV3 could not be isolated. As a result of RT-PCR technique applied on 570 samples for molecular diagnosis, viral genome was detected in two nasal swab samples while nucleic acid could not be found in conjunctival and leukocyte samples. As a result of the sequence analysis applied on one of these samples, the agent was proved to exist in BPIV3 genotype. In addition, as a result of DIF antibody staining test applied on preparates prepared from 380 nasal and conjunctival swab samples, antigenic structures belonging to the agent were seen in 6 swab samples while virological diagnosis could not be performed in conjunctival swab samples. In two samples where viral genome presence was detected, virological diagnosis was performed by DIF test. Histopathological studies were carried out on a lung tissue sample of an animal found with molecular and virological BPIV3. At the end of these studies, some pathological findings were revealed such as septal tissue thickening indigenous to pneumonia cases and inflammatory cell infiltrations. This study has stated that in cattle with respiratory system infection in southwest regions of Turkey, PIV3 is an etiological agent and the BPIV3 genotype C of the agent is in circulation.
Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties of Copper Doped Alkali Borate Glasses
Authors: G Srinivas , Srini Boora , Komaraiah D. , Shareefuddin Md. , Sayanna R. , Samudrala Raj Kumar 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The compositional effect on Physical properties, Optical absorption and Electrical properties of glass composition xK2O - (25-x) Li2O-12.5BaO-12.5MgO-49B2O3-1CuO (x =0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25mol %) was prepared by the melt-quenching technique. From optical absorption spectra few parameters, like Urbach energy, indirect allowed, reflection loss (R), refractive index (n), molar polarizability(αm) molar refractivity (Rm), and theoretical optical basicity (Λth) values of prepared glass samples were measured. The values of Rm, αm, and Λth were increase with increasing of x mol%. The Eopt, R, and n values were changed very small with x mol%, which may be due to the non-bridging oxygen’s moments in the glass matrix. The FTIR spectrum of prepared borate glasses indicates that the influence of BO3 and BO4 units of boron atoms. The explicit vibrational peaks were exhibited of Li–O, K–O, Mg–O, and Ba–O bonds in glass network, and A.C conductivity study was devised to know the structural information about the glass network. The drastic change in the ionic conductivity as a function of the alkali content in the glass composition was analyzed by considering both the ionic mobility and the glass structure. Some physical, optical, and electrical values varied non-linearly with the K2O content, which may influence of non- bridging oxygens or mixed alkali effect.
Determining the Ideal Substrate in Exposure Experiments for Ecotoxicology – a Metabolomics Approach
Authors: Sinclair Georgia May , Giannantonio Michela Di , Jones Oliver A.H. , Long Sara M. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
It is crucial to understand the effects caused by experimental parameters, such as temperature; light availability; and food type that can interfere when determining a dose-response relationship in toxicology exposure experiments. Limiting variability is especially important when developing metabolite biomarkers of contaminant exposure since metabolomics is very sensitive to any internal and external factors that affect organism health and metabolic status. Ecotoxicologists are well aware of the importance of experimental design but the type of substrate used in exposure experiments is generally assumed to have no effect and is not assessed. This may not always be correct. Here we investigate the different metabolic changes in the freshwater crustacean, Austrochiltonia subtenuis to the heavy metal copper caused using three common substrate types, gauze; toilet paper; and cellulose. Each substrate type elicited a different metabolic response over the course of the experiment indicating substrate type affected the final results of the exposure test. Metabolites were assessed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Several groups were shown to change including disaccharides, monosaccharides, fatty acids and their conjugates, and TCA cycle intermediates. The results illustrate that different metabolomic responses can occur from experimental design decisions previously thought not to have a significant effect. This may in turn affect policy decisions based on the results of the experiment. We propose that metabolomics can play an important part in the design of ecotoxicity tests and that all experimental parameters should be assumed to potentially have an effect until proved otherwise.
Complete chloroplast genome of Campsis grandiflora (Thunb.) Schum and systematical comparative analysis within the family Bignoniaceae.
Authors: Chen Haimei , Chen Zhuoer , Du Qing , Jiang Mei , Liu Chang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background The plants in the Bignoniaceae have a wide distribution in the tropics and large populations around the world. However, the research information of Bignoniaceae is still scarce or even blank. To excavating the research information of Bignoniaceae plants and provide data support for the study of plant plastid genomes. Methods and results In this study, We have done a particular exploration of the chloroplast genome bioinformation of Campsis grandiflora. The chloroplast DNA of C. grandiflora was extracted, sequenced with HTS platform, assembled, and annotated with corresponding software. Results show that the complete chloroplast genome of C. grandiflora is 154,303 bp long, having a quadripartite structure with large single copy (LSC) of 85,064 bp and a small single copy (SSC) of 18,009 bp separated by inverted repeats (IRs) of 25,615 bp. A total of 110 genes in C. grandiflora is comprised of 79 protein-coding genes, 27 transfer RNA (tRNA) coding genes and 4 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. The location and distribution of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and long repeat sequences were determined. We finished the phylogenetic analysis based on homologous amino acid sequence among 45 species which derived from Bignoniaceae.Conclusions The chloroplast genomes have been used for molecular markers, species identification and phylogenetic studies. The outcome strongly supported that C. grandiflora and genus Incarvillea formed a cluster within Bignoniaceae. This study identified the unique characteristics of the C. grandiflora cp genome, which will provide a theoretical basis for species identification and biological research.
Community awareness of which seizure type should present to healthcare providers; a potential risk factor of the epilepsy treatment gap
Authors: Babiker Ismat , Elnaeim Mohamed K. , K.Elnaeim Awab 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective: the objective of this study was to assess the awareness of the community in Sudan of which seizure type(s) should present to health care providers.Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive internet-based survey that was conducted in Sudan during the period from January to April 2018, using google forms. The survey consisted of demographic data (age, gender, educational level), a statement evaluating participants’ sources of obtaining information regarding epilepsy, a statement assessing awareness about the primary care provider for people with epilepsy (PWE), and a statement describing the symptomatology of different seizure types in simple Arabic, asking what description(s) participants thought should present to health care providers. We included participants residing in Sudan, and those with a college degree or higher education. Four hundred sixty-seven participants completed the survey.Results: 467 participants were included, of whom, 279 (60%) were females. The mean age of participants was 28 years. Two-thirds of participants obtained their information from non-scientific sources. 84% of the participants were aware that doctors are the primary health care providers for people with epilepsy.The majority (92.%) of participants were aware that patients with symptoms corresponding to the generalized tonic-clonic seizure description should present to doctors, compared with two-thirds of participants for focal seizure symptom description, and only 30.6 % of participants for absence seizure symptom description.Conclusion: This study demonstrated poor awareness about the necessity of presentation for focal and absence seizures. We hypothesize that this lack of awareness may contribute to the epilepsy treatment gap, and we recommend further studies to examine this hypothesis.
Sesquiterpene Lactones Isolated from Carpesium Abrotanoides L. by LC-MS Combined with HSCCC Inhibit Liver Cancer Through Suppression of the JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Shen Bingbing , Yang Yupei , Wan Dan , Yu Huanghe , Cai Yuan , Wang Xionglong , Tang Daifeng , Tang Chunyu , Zhang Shuihan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Carpesium abrotanoides L. is rich in sesquiterpene lactones, the experiments of anti-tumor activity in vitro showed that total sesquiterpene lactone extracts exhibited the most cytotoxicity activities against HepG-2 cells (IC50 = 4.2 μg/mL). In order to isolated the active compounds quickly, the strategy of HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS combined with high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) was implemented. Three sesquiterpene lactone compounds, 2α,5α-dihydroxy-11αH-eudesma-4(15)-en-12,8β-olide (1), telekin (2), oxoeudesm-11(13)-eno-12,8α-lactone (3) were obtained. Their structures were elucidated by detailed analysis of 1D, 2D NMR and HRMS data. In addition, compounds 1-3 were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against HepG-2 cell line with IC50 value of 9.83, 2.95, and 4.15 μM, respectively. Moreover, all compounds not only can reduce the expression of JAK2 and STAT3 mRNA but also inhibit the p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 protein expression levels in a dose‐dependent manner in the HepG-2 cells. In conclusion, three sesquiterpene lactone compounds inhibited the proliferation of HepG-2 cells via suppressing the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Émergence des « learning analytics » en éducation : quelques défis et enjeux de l’analyse de l’apprentissage
Authors: Parent Séverine , Baron Monique 
Published: October 2021

Lors du colloque EDUsummIT 2019, un groupe de travail a mené une réflexion sur l’analyse de l’apprentissage. En tant que membres francophones de ce groupe, nous présentons et discutons dans cet article les recommandations du groupe de travail quant au déploiement de l’analyse de l’apprentissage dans les établissements d’enseignement dans un avenir rapproché. Certains éléments à considérer dans l’intégration de l’analyse de l’apprentissage, dont le rôle des fournisseurs de service, les compétences nécessaires pour interpréter les données et les effets potentiels de telles analyses sur la conception de l’apprentissage, sont abordés.
Carbamazepine removal from aqueous solution by synthesized reduced graphene oxide-nano zero valent iron (Fe0-rGO) composite: theory, process optimization, and coexisting drugs effects
Authors: Zamani Leila , Sadjadi Sodeh , Ashouri Fatemeh , Jahangiri-rad Mahsa 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSynthesized Fe0-rGO nanocomposite with ratio of 1/1 (w/w) was prepared and has been used as adsorbent for the removal of Carbamazepine (CBZ) from aqueous solution. The adsorbent was characterized by various techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) analyses. Linear experiments were performed to compare the best fitting isotherms and kinetics. The Freundlich isotherm (R2&gt;0.90) and pseudo second order kinetic (R2&gt;0.99) fitted well the experimental data. On the basis of the Langmuir isotherm, the maximum adsorption capacity of Fe0-rGO for CBZ was up to 50 mg g−1 at 30 °C. The pH, adsorbent dose, and initial concentration of CBZ were observed to be the leading parameters that affected the removal of CBZ considering the analysis of variance (ANOVA; p&lt;0.05). The optimum process value of variables obtained by numerical optimization corresponds to pH 3.07, an adsorbent dose of 36.2 mg, an initial CBZ concentration of 5 mg L–1 and at 30.15 °C. The results of optimum conditions reveal that a maximum of 94% removal efficiency can be achieved; whereas, this phenomenon was independent of temperature (p-value&gt;0.05). Moreover, Fe0-rGO can be used to remove diclofenac (DIC) and cetirizine (CTZ) simultaneously. To sum up, the Fe0-rGO is a promising adsorbent not only for the efficient removal of CBZ but also for the reduction of coexisting drugs in aqueous solution.
Relation Between URIC Acid Levels and Subclinical Hypothyroidism in
Diabetic Patients
Authors: Shabana Hosameldeen S. , Allam Mahmoud A. , Nassar Youssef A. , Awad Amgad , Naguib Magdy M. , Elgendy Abdelaleem A. , Elmahdi Essam 
Published: October 2021

Background and Aim:
Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is frequently seen in diabetic
patients. Elevated levels of uric acid (UA) were also reported in diabetic patients. No study assessed
the relation between SCH and UA levels in diabetic patients. We aimed to evaluate this relation
and the association of both conditions with other clinical and laboratory parameters in diabetic
patients.

Subjects and Methods:
This cross-sectional study included 100 T2DM patients in addition to 50
age and sex matched healthy controls. Diabetic patients comprised 50 patients with SCH and 50 euthyroid
patients. All participants were subjected to careful history taking, thorough clinical examination
and standard laboratory work up. The performed investigations included fasting and postprandial
blood sugar, fasting insulin levels, HbA1c levels, thyroid hormones (FT3, FT4 and TSH),
renal profile and serum UA.

Results:
Comparison between the studied groups regarding serum UA levels revealed significantly
higher levels in the diabetic group (5.4 ± 1.9 versus 4.2 ± 1.0 mg/dl, p<0.001). SCH + DM patients
had significantly higher UA levels in comparison to DM group (6.1 ± 1.8 versus 4.8 ± 1.7 mg/dl,
p<0.001) and control group (6.1 ± 1.8 versus 4.2 ± 1.0 mg/dl, p<0.001). SCH + DM patients had
significantly higher HbA1c levels (8.9 ± 1.1 versus 7.6 ± 1.3%, p<0.001), HOMA-IR (3.9 ± 0.8 versus
2.8 ± 1.0, p<0.001) and UA levels (6.1 ± 1.8 versus 4.8 ± 1.7, p<0.001). Correlation analysis
identified a significant direct correlation between serum UA and HOMA-IR in DM + SCH patients
(r=0.4,p=0.004). In univariate analysis, presence of SCH [OR (95% CI): 2.57 (1.07-6.15),
p=0.034] and nephropathy [OR (95% CI): 4.57 (1.77-11.8), p=0.002] was significant predictors of
higher (upper tertile) UA in the studied patients. However, in multivariate analysis, only nephropathy
[OR (95% CI): 4.25 (1.62-11.17), p=0.003] continued to be significant while SCH showed a
marginal trend [OR (95% CI): 0.43 (0.17-1.08), p=0.073].

Conclusions:
The present study suggests an association between SCH and increased UA levels in
diabetic patients.
Needs Analysis Blended Laboratory in The Context of the Adequacy of Supporting Facilities for Science Learning Using the Internet of Things and Augmented Reality
Authors: Rosana Dadan 
Published: October 2021

The blended laboratory model in this study refers to an integrated laboratory concept combining synchronous (real laboratory activities) using the Internet of things (IoT) and asynchronous learning with augmented reality (AR). The application of blended laboratory model in science learning teachers is still low in Indonesia due to the lack of ICT support for online learning. This preliminary study was conducted to analyze the need for the development of the blended laboratory model with IoT and AR involving 45 science teachers and 42 junior high school students as the respondents with stratified random sampling technique. The research method employed survey and focus group discussion. The results of the study showed that (1) 67% of teachers and 92% of students have never used AR, (2) 72% of teachers and 89% of students have never utilized IoT, (3) 65% of science laboratories in the junior high school do not have proper devices for AR application, (5) 76% of science laboratories in the junior high schools are not facilitated with proper equipment for the IoT application, (6) the respondents stated that the development of blended laboratory is very important (72%) and important (18%) to support IT-based learning, especially to deal with the conditions after the Covid-19 outbreak. ©2021 JSER. Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
Synergistic effect of cytokinins on in vitro propagation of Stereospermum suaveolens using nodal explants
Authors: Trivedi Darshini R. , Joshi Aruna G. 
Published: October 2021

The Stereospermum suaveolens DC. is one of the important medicinal tree species and also one of the important constituents of Dashmoolarisht. Owing to its importance an attempt was made to perform in vitro regeneration from nodal explants. Cultures were established by placing the nodal explants on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) and Woody Plant media fortified with different combinations of cytokinins. The in vitro shoots developed were excised into single in vitro nodes and then utilised for multiplication of shoots. Among the various combinations tested in both of the media, the MS medium fortified with benzylaminopurine (8 µM) + thidiazuron (0.2 µM) proved to be effective in inducing a maximum of 10.2 number of shoots by the end of the fifth subculture. In vitro rooting of shoots was best achieved in ½ MS liquid medium fortified with indolebutyric acid (2.5 µM), with the highest number of roots (9.3) in 100% cultures. Well rooted in vitro plantlets were successfully hardened under greenhouse conditions, resulting in 100% survival of plants after four weeks of transfer to cocopeat/soil substrate.