bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dental health assessed using panoramic radiograph and adverse events in chronic kidney disease stage 4–5 patients transitioning to dialysis and transplantation–A prospective cohort study
Authors: Järvisalo Mikko J. , Jokihaka Viljami , Hakamäki Markus , Lankinen Roosa , Helin Heidi , Koivuviita Niina S. , Hellman Tapio , Metsärinne Kaj 
Published: September 2021

Background and aims
Oral health could potentially be a modifiable risk factor for adverse outcomes in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients transitioning from predialysis treatment to maintenance dialysis and transplantation. We aimed to study the association between an index of radiographically assessed oral health, Panoramic Tomographic Index (PTI), and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and episodes of bacteremia and laboratory measurements during a three-year prospective follow-up in CKD stage 4–5 patients not on maintenance dialysis at baseline.

Methods
Altogether 190 CKD stage 4–5 patients without maintenance dialysis attended panoramic dental radiographs in the beginning of the study. The patients were followed up for three years or until death. MACEs and episodes of bacteremia were recorded during follow-up. Laboratory sampling for C-reactive protein and leukocytes was repeated tri-monthly.

Results
PTI was not associated with baseline laboratory parameters or C-reactive protein or leukocytes examined as repeated measures through the 3-year follow-up. During follow-up, 22 patients had at least one episode of bacteremia, but only 2 of the bacteremias were considered to be of oral origin. PTI was not associated with incident bacteremia during follow-up. Thirty-six patients died during follow-up including 17 patients due to cardiovascular causes. During follow-up 42 patients were observed with a MACE. PTI was independently associated with all-cause (HR 1.074 95% CI 1.029–1.122, p = 0.001) and cardiovascular (HR 1.105, 95% CI 1.057–1.157, p<0.0001) mortality, as well as, incident MACEs (HR 1.071 95% CI 1.031–1.113, p = 0.0004) in the multivariable Cox models adjusted for age and kidney transplantation or CKD treatment modality during follow-up.

Conclusions
Radiographically assessed dental health is independently associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and MACEs but not with the incidence of bacteremia in CKD stage 4–5 patients transitioning to maintenance dialysis and renal transplantation during follow-up.
Association of polymorphic loci of susceptibility to diabetes mellitus type 2 in various ethnic groups of the Russian Federation
Authors: Avzaletdinova D. S. , Morugova T. V. , Sharipova L. F. , Kochetova O. V. 
Published: September 2021

The multifactorial nature of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) was confirmed by numerous researches. The first investigations devoted to molecular-genetic mechanisms of T2D were carried out on the basis of linkage disequilibrium (LD) studying and later the candidate genes of T2D have begun investigated. We have analyzed the literature data including the case-control studies in populations of Russia. There were revealed 33 genes and 65 polymorphic markers in the analyzed works. The analysis of association of T2D in the ethnic groups of Russian Federation was carried out on following genes: ABCC8, ADIPOQ, ADIPOR1, ADIPOR2, C2CD4A/C2CD4A, CDKAL1, ­CDKN2A/2B, CCL11, CCL20, CCL5, CYBA, FABP2, FTO, GCLC, GPX2, GSTP1, GSTT1, HHEX/IDE, IGF2BP2, IRS1, KCNJ11, KCNQ1, LPL, LRP5, MC4R, PPARG, SLC2A2, SLC30A8, SLC30A8, TCF7L2, TMEM18, WFS1, ZFAND6. The major of studies are replicative, i.e. repeating previous investigations of foreign authors, and were performed on Russian, Tatar and Yakut populations. At the same time not all the loci of genetic susceptibility have demonstrated the association with T2D in the population of Russia. In this work the systematic review of studies of molecular-genetic markers of T2D in the ethnic groups of Russian Federation was made for the first time.
The hemostatic parameters in pregnant women with different types of diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kapustin R. V. , Kopteeva E. V. , Arzhanova O. N. , Tiselko A. V. , Androsova N. Е. , Oparina T. I. 
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in pregnancy is on the rise. Despite that gestational hypercoagulability is a physiological condition, diabetic pregnancy is associated with a high risk of venous thromboembolic complications (VTEC). There are many surveys related to the hemostatic parameters in non-pregnant women, but studies in pregnant women are not enough.AIMS: To assess the coagulation and vascular-platelet hemostasis parameters in pregnant women with various types of diabetes mellitus, taking into account its correction method. The data were compared with these indicators in women with preeclampsia and healthy pregnant women at the same gestational age.MATERIALS AND METHODS: An observational, single-center, retrospective cohort study was carried out at D.O. Ott ­Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Medicine. The study included 1994 pregnant women who presented several groups taking into account the type of DM and its correction method, a group of women with preeclampsia (PE), and healthy women. The analysis of clinical data was carried out at 28–32 gestational weeks from 2012 to 2017. The study’s primary endpoint was taken as indicators of fibrinogen content, prothrombin index, thrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and international normalized ratio (INR) antithrombin III, D-dimer, von Willebrand factor, and fibronectin. Additionally, the incidence of VTEC during pregnancy and within six weeks after delivery, gestational arterial hypertension, preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, premature birth, and stillbirth cases was assessed.RESULTS: in pregnant women with various types of diabetes mellitus and preeclampsia, a state of pathological hypercoagulation was observed compared to the control group. These changes were characterized by an increase and activation of the following blood parameters: fibrinogen, the degree and rate of platelet aggregation, D-dimer, homocysteine, von Willebrand factor, and fibronectin. At the same time, the content of antithrombin III was significantly reduced in patients with DM. Correlation analysis established a direct relationship between the range of the studied factors with the degree of glycemic control and the frequency of obstetric complications.CONCLUSIONS: Diabetes mellitus in pregnancy is associated with a hypercoagulation condition and overexpression in the synthesis of endothelial dysfunction markers. Moreover, the severity of these processes depends on the type of DM and the severity of metabolic disorders. In diabetic pregnancy, exceptional attention to coagulation indicators, regular monitoring, and preventive treatment is required in order to improve the perinatal outcomes.
Time in range is a tool for assessing the quality of glycemic control in diabetes
Authors: Suplotova L. A. , Sudnitsyna A. S. , Romanova N. V. , Shestakova M. V. 
Published: September 2021

The presence of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems has expanded diagnostic capabilities. The implementation of this technology into clinical practice allowed to determine the patterns and tendencies of excursions in glucose levels, to obtain reliable data concerning short-term glycemic control. Taking into consideration the large amount of obtained information using CGM systems, more than 30 different indicators characterizing glycemic variability were proposed. However, it is very difficult for a practitioner to interpret the data obtained due to the variety of indicators and the lack of their target values. The first step in the standardization of indices was the creation of the International Guidelines for CGM in 2017, where the Time in Range (TIR) (3,9–10,0 mmol/l, less often 3,9–7,8 mmol/l) was significant. To complement the agreed parameters and simplify the interpretation of obtained data using CGM, in 2019 the recommendations were prepared for the International Consensus on Time in Range, where TIR was validated as an additional component of the assessment of glycemic control along with HbA1c. In the literature review the issues of the association of TIR with the development of micro- and macrovascular complications in type 1 and 2 diabetes are considered. The relationship with other indicators of the glycemic control assessment was also analyzed and the dependence of insulin therapy on TIR was shown. TIR is a simple and convenient indicator, it has a proven link with micro- and macrovascular complications of diabetes and can be recommended as a new tool for assessing the glycemic control. The main disadvantage of TIR usage is the insufficient apply of CGM technology by the majority of patients with diabetes.
Prevalence of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in patients with new coronavirus infection
Authors: Markova T. N. , Lysenko M. A. , Ivanova A. A. , Pavlova E. S. , Ponomareva A. A. , Chibisova V. V. , Isaev T. K. , Sinyavkin D. O. , Mkrtumyan A. M. 
Published: September 2021

BACKGRAUND: There is evidence of a multifactorial effect of SARS-CoV2 on carbohydrate metabolism with the development of hyperglycemia and the weighting of COVID19 even in people without DM.AIMS: Assess the prevalence of disorders carbohydrate metabolism (DCM) in hospitalized patients with a new coronavirus infection without a history of DM.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with PCR-confirmed diagnosis of COVID19 aged 18-75 years (n=72) without a history of diabetes were examined. Observation was carried out from the moment of hospitalization to discharge. Patients were collected anamnesis data, laboratory and instrumental studies, HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial glycemia.RESULTS: The prevalence of DCM (HbA1c≥6%) in 72 patients with COVID19 without a history of diabetes admitted to the hospital was 41,7%, while HbA1c ≥6,5% had 8,3%. The median HbA1c in the moderate-flow group was 5,7% [5,3–6,0], and in the severe-flow group it was 6,0% [5,8–6,2] (p=0,008). Participants were divided into groups according to the level of HbA1c≥6% and < 6%. The examined patients showed a high prevalence of risk factors for developing DM: age over 45 years — 83,3%, cardiovascular diseases — 46,3%, obesity — 50%. The study groups didn’t differ statistically in terms of risk factors for DM. In the group with HbA1c≥6%, FPG≥6,1 mmol / l on the second day and postprandial glycemia ≥7,8 mmol/l were observed in more cases than in the group with HbA1c<6% (39,1% vs 12,9%, p=0,051 and 47,8% vs 3,2%, p=0,0001, respectively). The prevalence of DCM in HbA1c was higher than in FPG (41,7% vs 29,2%, p=0,006). On the seventh day, the number of patients with FPG ≥ 6,1 mmol / l in the first group decreased from 39,1% to 4,4% (p=0,01), and in the second group-from 12,9% to 9,7% (p=1,0). There was a direct correlation between the level of HbA1c and C-reactive protein (r=0,271; p=0,048), and an inverse correlation with the content of lymphocytes in the blood (r=-0,25; p=0,068).CONCLUSIONS: In patients with a new coronavirus infection without a history of DM, a high prevalence of DCM was detected — 41,7%. Against the background of comparability of the studied groups by risk factors for DM, an increase in HbA1c, FPG and postprandial glycemia is a manifestation of transient hyperglycemia. Given the high prevalence of DCM, it can be assumed that SARS-CoV2 has diabetogenic properties.
Clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 depending on the treatment received and the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Lobanova K. G. , Demidova T. Y. , Perekhodov S. N. , Antsiferov M. B. 
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an independent risk factor for adverse clinical outcomes in patients with Covid-19. There is currently insufficient data evaluating the efficacy and safety of drugs for the treatment of COVID-19, especially in patients with T2DM.AIM. The aim of study was to identify an associative relationship between the drugs used and the clinical outcomes of patients with Covid-19 and T2DM.MATERIALS AND METHODS. A retrospective analysis of the clinical outcomes of 1753 patients with COVID-19 who were hospitalized to the redesignated departments of multidisciplinary city clinical hospital in the period from 23.03.2020 to 01.06.2020.RESULTS. The total number of patients is 1,753, of which 311 (17.7%) are patients with DM2. 92.6% of patients received treatment for COVID-19. At the same time, 91.4% of patients received antibiotics (a/b), 61.5% — bronchodilators, 56.6% — injectable anticoagulants (a/c), 45.2% — hydroxychloroquine, 6.3% — antiviral drugs, 5.4% — oral a/c, 4.6% — glucocorticosteroids (GCS), 1.9% — Tocilizumab.Decrease of risk of death among patients with COVID-19 was as the therapy of a/b (OR 0.07, 95% CI 0.05–0.11, p<0.05), bronchodilators (OR 0.12, 95% CI 0.08–0.18, p<0.05) and injection a/c (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.34–0.67, p<0.05). At the same time, among patients with DM2, compared with patients without DM2, there was a more pronounced reduction in the risk of death during injectable a/c therapy: among patients with DM2, the risk of death decreased by 2.6 times (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.21–0.73, p<0.05), among patients without DM2 — by 2.1 times (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.31–0.71, p<0.05). Antiviral drugs was associated with an increased chance of death among patients without DM2 (OR 2.64, 95% CI 1.44–4.86, p<0.05) and among patients with DM2 (OR 4.98, 95% CI 2.11–11.75, p<0.05).CONCLUSION. A significant decrease of the risk of death among patients with COVID-19 was as the therapy of a/b, bronchodilators, and injectable a/c. An increase of the risk of death was observed during therapy with antiviral drugs.
Oral semaglutide: the innovation in type 2 diabetes management
Authors: Shestakova M. V. , Shamkhalova M. Sh. , Galstyan G. R. , Ruyatkina L. A. , Suplotova L. A. 
Published: September 2021

Oral semaglutide is the first-in-class glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist available in the form of pills administered per os. PIONEER — the clinical trial program assessing the efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide — demonstrated the dose-­dependent efficacy of the drug: the reduction of up to -1,4% in terms of glucose-lowering effects and the decrease of up to 5 kg in terms of weight loss. Moreover, oral semaglutide is superior in this regard compared to empagliflozin 25 mg, liraglutide 1,8 mg and sitagliptin 100 mg according to the dedicated trials of clinical program. From the cardiovascular perspective oral semaglutide has been proven to be safe. Therapeutic concentration of semaglutide in oral form is reached under ­several conditions: taking tablets on a daily basis in a fasting state with up to half a glass of water and waiting 30 minutes before drinking, eating, or taking other drugs. Most frequent adverse events were GLP-1 associated gastrointestinal reactions (­nausea, vomiting and diarrhea), most of the events were transient and occurred generally during dose escalation.
Evaluation of methods for feasible parameter set estimation of Takagi-Sugeno models for nonlinear regression with bounded errors
Authors: Wittich Felix , Kroll Andreas 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In data-driven modeling besides the point estimate of the model parameters, an estimation of the parameter uncertainty is of great interest. For this, bounded error parameter estimation methods can be used. These are particularly interesting for problems where the stochastical properties of the random effects are unknown and cannot be determined. In this paper, different methods for obtaining a feasible parameter set are evaluated for the use with Takagi-Sugeno models. Case studies with simulated data and with measured data from a manufacturing process are presented.
Evaluierung von Merkmalen zur Abbildung von Veränderungen in ungeordneten Bilddaten
Authors: Münke Friedrich R. , Schilling Marcel P. , Mikut Ralf , Reischl Markus 
Published: September 2021

Zusammenfassung
Durch das Aufkommen von kostengünstigen und mobilen Kameras ist es möglich, einfach und flächendeckend ungeordnete Bilddaten in großem Umfang zu erheben. Dadurch können Veränderungen von Gebieten bzw. Objekten aufgezeichnet werden. Die Abbildung von objektbezogenen Veränderungen in aufgezeichneten Bildaufnahmen ist jedoch eine Herausforderung, da diese von externen oder szenischen Veränderungen überlagert werden können. Insbesondere der Umgang mit stark variierenden Blickwinkeln ist eine aktuelle Forschungsfrage. In dieser Arbeit wird ein allgemeines Vorgehen zur Repräsentation von Objektveränderungen vorgestellt. Es wird ein Datensatz eingeführt, um den Ansatz auf Realdaten zu evaluieren. In diesem Zusammenhang werden unterschiedliche Konfigurationen getestet und im Nachgang Empfehlungen für eine effektive Parametrierung herausgearbeitet. Im Anschluss wird als Anwendung eine Klassifikation von Objektzuständen vorgestellt.
Ovarian cancer diagnosis using pretrained mask CNN-based segmentation with VGG-19 architecture
Authors: Senthil Kavitha , Vidyaathulasiraman  
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objectives
This paper proposed the neural network-based segmentation model using Pre-trained Mask Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with VGG-19 architecture. Since ovarian is very tiny tissue, it needs to be segmented with higher accuracy from the annotated image of ovary images collected in dataset. This model is proposed to predict and suppress the illness early and to correctly diagnose it, helping the doctor save the patient's life.

Methods
The paper uses the neural network based segmentation using Pre-trained Mask CNN integrated with VGG-19 NN architecture for CNN to enhance the ovarian cancer prediction and diagnosis.

Results
Proposed segmentation using hybrid neural network of CNN will provide higher accuracy when compared with logistic regression, Gaussian naïve Bayes, and random Forest and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers.
Clinical significance of activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling in apoptosis inhibition of oral cancer
Authors: Wang Yufeng , Cao Zheng , Liu Fengjia , Ou Yuejian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Wnt/β‐catenin signaling is an evolutionarily conserved pathway and plays a crucial role in regulating cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. However, the molecular mechanism behind the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling-mediated carcinogenesis and apoptosis resistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma is not well characterized so far. In the present study, we have investigated the effect of β‐catenin depletion of the perversely activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway on apoptosis resistance and tumorigenesis of the human OSCC cell line SCC-55. RT-PCR and western blot analysis demonstrated that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and its downstream targets such as DKK1 and AXIN2 are aberrantly activated in SCC-55 cells. Furthermore, upon silencing (RNA interference) of β‐catenin in SCC-55, cells became more sensitive toward the chemotherapeutic drugs and thus resulted in apoptotic cell death. Meanwhile, flow cytometry analysis confirmed the enhanced apoptosis and activation of caspases in β‐catenin RNAi cells. Besides ensuing β-catenin–siRNA transfection, the cell proliferation and cancer colony generating efficiencies are significantly impeded compared to the non-transfected cells. Furthermore, the tumorigenicity was inhibited by the downregulation of OCT-4 in β‐catenin-silenced SCC-55 cells. Altogether, Wnt/β‐catenin signaling could potentially target anti-cancer drugs to induce apoptosis and achieve a better clinical outcome.
Triaxial creep tests of glacitectonically disturbed stiff clay – structural, strength, and slope stability aspects
Authors: Kaczmarek Łukasz , Dobak Paweł , Szczepański Tomasz , Kiełbasiński Kamil 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This study concerns the creep impact on strength parameters of the selected very cohesive soils (PI = 30–70%). The analysis refers to Neogene clays characterized by a complex structure, resulting directly from a complicated load history in the geological time scale and identified glacitectonic deformations. In the process of samples’ preparation for strength tests as well as during the interpretation of the post-failure state, particular attention was paid to the soil structure. The imaging methods (X-ray densitometry and computer microtomography) enabled the comparison of the soil structure and the selection of samples with similar characteristics. The completed program of strength tests consisted of two series of tests in the triaxial stress state, differentiated by the occurrence of the initial creep stage, preceding the typical strength test scheme under undrained conditions. This study allowed to obtain a quantitative assessment of the influence of the creep process on the strength parameters of tested soils. Constant stress lower than 60% of the shear stress deviator leads to the deceleration creep course (m parameter 0.64–0.89). As a result, higher values of internal friction angle (20% increase comparing to triaxial tests without creep stage) and cohesion reduction are obtained from triaxial creep tests. Creep parameter m is found to be a valuable indicator for differentiation of landslide activity trend. The tests proved low values of axial strains (1–5%) at failure, which was associated with lithogenesis. By the implementation of obtained strength parameters into the 3D finite element model of the slope, the potential influence of the creep process on the stability of an exemplary cross section of the Warsaw slope could be determined.
Rückzug aus Kalkül. Das Palastkaisertum im Weströmischen Reich unter Honorius
Authors: Maier Felix K. 
Published: September 2021

Zusammenfassung
Im Jahr 395 wurde der zehnjährige Honorius Kaiser des Weströmischen Reiches. Honorius verbrachte die meiste Zeit seiner Herrschaft zurückgezogen im Palast und überließ seinen Heermeistern die Kommandogewalt bei militärischen Operationen. In der Forschung hat man die Regierungsphase des Honorius oft als Symptom für einen Niedergang angesehen. Das neu entstandene Palastkaisertum habe den Machtkämpfen am Hof und innerhalb des Reiches Vorschub geleistet und die Zentralgewalt sukzessive ausgehöhlt, so dass Rom – vor allem im Westen – den Bedrohungen an der Reichsgrenze schutzlos ausgeliefert gewesen sei. Die vorliegende Studie wendet sich gegen eine solche Sichtweise und argumentiert stattdessen, dass das Palastkaisertum des Honorius nicht dem jungen Alter des Kaisers geschuldet war und auch nicht den Niedergang des Weströmischen Reiches einläutete; das vermeintlich ,passive‘ Regieren stellte vielmehr eine adäquate Reaktion auf die komplexen außen- und innenpolitischen Herausforderungen der Zeit dar und trug zu einer Stabilisierung der Verhältnisse bei. Die Konsolidierung der Zentralgewalt erfolgte nicht über herkömmliche, traditionelle und geradezu stereotype Manifestationen von Macht, sondern durch die Kombination aus scheinbar diskreditierenden Faktoren und paradox anmutender Entwicklungen.