bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes with ophthalmic diseases in a population sample over 55 years old
Authors: Direev A. O. , Munts I. V. , Mazurenko E. S. , Shapkina M. Yu. , Ryabikov A. N. , Bobak M. , Malyutina S. K. 
Published: November 2021

Aim. To study associations of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes (T2D) with ophthalmic diseases in a population sample of men and women from middle to old age (Novosibirsk).Material and methods. The population cohort was initially studied in 2003-2005 (n=9360, 45-69 years old, Novosibirsk, the Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial factors in Eastern Europe (HAPIEE) project). At the second survey (2015-2017) in a random subsample (n=1011), the following ophthalmic diseases were identified: hypertensive retinopathy (HR), diabetic retinopathy (DR), cataract, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), optic disc abnormalities, etc.Results. The prevalence of HR signs in persons with and without hypertension (HTN) was 81 and 46%, respectively (p<0,001). This association persisted regardless of other factors (odds ratio, 2,27 (95% confidence interval: 1,78-4,17). The prevalence of AMD, cataract and DR increased in HTN, but associations were largely explained by metabolic factors in multivariate models. People with T2D more often than without T2D had signs of DR (9,3 vs 0,4%, p<0,001), AMD (22 vs 17%, p=0,042) and glaucoma (14 vs 7%, p=0,001). Associations of T2D with DR and glaucoma persisted regardless of other factors. Individuals with carotid atherosclerosis (CA) were 1,6 times more likely to have HR than those without CA when adjusted for sex, age, and smoking (p=0,013).Conclusion. In the surveyed population sample of mainly elderly people, a number of associations between cardiometabolic and common ophthalmic diseases were revealed. The identified comorbidities may have important therapeutic and prophylactic applications in an aging population.
Cardiovascular toxicity of antitumor therapy: effect on myocardial and vascular remodeling
Authors: Kirichenko Yu. Yu. , Ilgisonis I. S. , Ivanova T. V. , Zolotukhina A. S. , Khabarova N. V. , Privalova E. V. , Belenkov Yu. N. 
Published: November 2021

Aim. To study the effect of multiagent chemotherapy on structural and functional vascular, electrophysiological parameters and cardiac hemodynamics in patients with stomach cancer.Material and methods. The study included 3 groups of 25 people: healthy volunteers, those with established cardiac disease (hypertension + coronary artery disease), gastric adenocarcinoma (fluoropyrimidine/platinum-based chemotherapy). Cancer patients before and after chemotherapy courses underwent non-invasive assessment of vascular wall and endothelial dysfunction (videocapillaroscopy, digital photoplethysmography), as well as electrocardiography and echocardiography. Healthy volunteers and cardiac patients were examined once.Results. In cancer patients, even before chemotherapy courses, endothelial dysfunction (ED) (occlusal index, 1,7 (1,4; 1,9), normal values >1,8) and structural vascular disorders (stiffness index, 8,9 m/s (7,7; 9,7), normal values <8 m/s; refractive index, 32,4% (27,5; 37,7), normal values <30%). All above-mentioned parameters significantly worsened after multiagent chemotherapy (progression of ED and vascular wall remodeling: occlusal index, 1,3 (1,2; 1,5) (p<0,0002); stiffness index, 10,3 m/s (9,5; 11,2) (p<0,0001); reflection index, 40,2% (35,5; 43,6) (p<0,001) Decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction and diastolic function was detected. The number of supraventricular and ventricular premature beats during chemotherapy increased 9 and 10 times, respectively (p<0,05).Conclusion. The study for the first time assessed the effect of multiagent chemotherapy on ED, vascular stiffness and cardiac hemodynamics in patients with gastric cancer. A significant aggravation of all endothelial function parameters after treatment has been proven, which requires further study in order to develop criteria for early cardiovascular toxicity.
Association of COVID-19 lockdown measures with changes in physical activity of the adult population of Russia
Authors: Mukaneeva D. K. , Kontsevaya A. V. , Antsiferova A. A. , Khalfiev I. N. , Seledtsov A. A. , Stolyarova E. A. , Solovieva A. V. , Popovich M. V. , Drozdova L. Yu. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: November 2021

Aim. To assess the impact of lockdown measures during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on physical activity (PA) of the adult population in Russia.Material and methods. The online survey was conducted during the period of strict restrictions in Russia from April 26, 2020 to June 6, 2020. The survey involved respondents aged ≥18 years. Participants reported the frequency and duration of moderate to high-intensity PA, as well as walking and other types of exercise, before the pandemic and during the last seven days during the survey period.Results. In the country as a whole, there was a decrease in all types of PA during the pandemic. The proportion of participants who met the World Health Organization recommendations for any type of PA decreased from 68 to 49% (p<0,001). Proportion of those who followed the World Health Organization recommendations for strength training for ≥2 days per week decreased from 53 to 45% (p<0,001).Conclusion. The results of the study are the evidence base to substantiate the feasibility of measures aimed at correcting the lifestyle of the population in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Skin microcirculation in patients with heart failure with different left ventricular systolic dysfunction
Authors: Podzolkov V. I. , Dragomiretskaya N. A. , Beliaev Yu. G. , Rusinov I. S. 
Published: November 2021

Aim. To study the relationship of mechanisms of microcirculation regulation and intracardiac hemodynamics in patients with heart failure (HF).Material and methods. In eighty patients with NYHA class II-IV HF, microcirculation was assessed by laser Doppler flowmetry and intracardiac hemodynamics — by echocardiography.Results. The patients were divided into 3 groups depending on HF type: with preserved ejection fraction (CHpEF) (>50%) — 27 patients, mid-range EF (CHmrEF) (40-50%) — 25 patients, reduced EF (CHrEF) (<40%) — 28 patients. Comparative analysis revealed a significant decrease in the coefficient of variation (CV) in all groups without microcirculation differences. The greatest number of significant correlations was found between the myogenic component of microcirculation frequency range and the following echocardiographic parameters: left ventricular EF (r=0,351, p<0,05); end-diastolic dimension (r=-0,492, p<0,05), end-systolic dimension (r=-0,474, p<0,05), end-diastolic volume (r=-0,544, p<0,05), end-systolic volume (r=-0,449, p<0,05), etc.Conclusion. In patients, regardless of left ventricular EF, satisfactory perfusion was obtained, which is achieved due to inhibition of active mechanisms and compensatory activation of passive mechanisms of microcirculation regulation. The relationship between the development of myocardial remodeling and microcirculatory dysfunction is noted.
Basic principles of combination therapy: focus on drug-drug interaction
Authors: Martsevich S. Yu. , Lukina Yu. V. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to the issue of drug interactions in the combination regimens. Today, when drug therapy is the first-line approach for patients with noncommunicable diseases, and the world population ageing leads to an increase in the number of patients with severe comorbidity and polypharmacy, the problem of drug-drug interaction is especially relevant. The article discusses the main types of drug interactions — pharmacokinetic (related to absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs) and pharmacodynamic ones, leading to synergy or antagonism of the pharmacological effects. The consequences of drug interactions can be desirable and undesirable, while the latter are much more common. Attention should be directed precisely to preventing such interactions. Also, using data from special scales and lists (Beers criteria, STOPP/START criteria), the options for various adverse drugdrug interactions are briefly described. In addition, the article provides a number of Internet resources that allow assessing the drug interaction risk when prescribing combination therapy.
Heart failure in coronary artery disease: review of medical certificates of cause of death
Authors: Drapkina O. M. , Samorodskaya I. V. , Chernyavskaya T. K. , Kakorina E. P. 
Published: November 2021

The role of heart failure (HF) in mortality rates is ambiguous, and much depends on assessment criteria and accounting potential.Aim. Using medical certificates of cause of death (MCCD), to assess rates of HF, taking into account different types of coronary artery disease (CAD), sex, age and place of death.Material and methods. Data on deceased persons for 2020 were obtained from the electronic database of the Main Department of Civil Registry Office of Moscow Oblast, using the 4-digit codes of the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). All deaths with CAD codes (I20-25) were selected. A total of 23193 deaths were included in the analysis. The codes and verbal descriptions of complications were assessed and 3 groups were formed: without indication of heart failure (HF), with indication of HF (without chronic HF) and CHF in MCCD. Comparison of the average age of deceased, the proportion of women and men, the detection rates of certain CAD types and the place of death was carried out. Using logistic regression, the probability of chronic HF/HF as a death cause was determined, taking into account other factors.Results. Any HF was indicated in 78,9% of the MCCD (acute CAD — 44,5%, chronic CAD — in 89,1%). Chronic HF was indicated in 27% of the MCCD (men, 30,9%; women, 22,9%; p<0,0001). The highest values were obtained in heart aneurysm — 47%; in other chronic CAD forms — slightly more than a third of the MCCD. HF was not indicated in men in 23,3% of deaths, in women — in 19%; maximum — 90% in “other acute CADs”; minimum — 11% in heart aneurysm. Average age of deceased was 73,6±12,5 years (men, 68,8±10,5; women, 78,4±12,5) (p<0,0001). In all CAD forms, the average age of deceased was significantly higher in subgroups with chronic HF than in groups with (not chronic HF) or without HF. Age, sex, CAD type, place of death (in-hospital deaths were ~2 times less common).Conclusion. According to the MCCD data, chronic HF is not the dominant complication leading to death. The results obtained require clarification in studies based on primary medical documentation.
Enhanced risk stratification scale for predicting death and non-fatal cardiovascular events in patients of the PROGNOZ IBS registry
Authors: Tolpygina S. N. , Martsevich S. Yu. , Deev A. D. 
Published: November 2021

Aim. To develop a risk stratification scale for predicting cardiovascular events (CVEs) in patients with chronic coronary artery disease (CAD) based on the data from the PROGNOZ IBS registry.Material and methods. The PROGNOZ IBS registry included 641 patients (men, 500; women, 141) living in Moscow and the Moscow Region, who were routinely admitted to the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2007 with a preliminary diagnosis of CAD. All included participants underwent coronary angiography during hospitalization. The diagnosis of CAD was verified in 84% of patients. The vital status was established in 551 (86%) patients in 2010 and 583 (92%) in 2014. The follow-up period was 7 years. A multivariate statistical analysis of the predictive value of data obtained during primary hospitalization was carried out.Results. The enhanced risk stratification scale included factors with the highest predictive value for developing CVEs. The presence of NYHA class III-IV heart failure increased the relative risk of CVEs by 5,4 times (3 points), atherosclerotic aortic stenosis by 2,8 times (2 points), stroke by 2,3 times (3 points), a confirmed diagnosis of CAD by 1,7 times (1 point), the presence of dyspnea by 1,4 times (1 point), unstable CAD course in the last 3 months by 1,4 times (1 point), taking diuretics before hospitalization by 1,9 times (1 point), left ventricular ejection fraction of 40-60% and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction according to echocardiography by 1,9 and 2 times (1 point each), respectively, an increase in the heart rate according resting electrocardiography >90 bpm by 1,7 times (1 point), the presence of chronic lung disease or renal failure by 1,5 times (1 point). Seven-year risk of fatal and nonfatal CVEs in patients with CAD in case of score of 0-3 is considered low, score of 4-5 points — moderate (increase in CVE risk by 3 times), score of ≥6 — high (increase in CVE risk by 9 times).Conclusion. The enhanced risk stratification scale allows predicting the risk of fatal and non-fatal CVC in patients with suspected and confirmed CAD and may be used for widespread use due to informative value, simplicity and availability.
Clinical and anamnestic characteristics of patients with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction after COVID-19
Authors: Chashchin M. G. , Gorshkov A. Yu. , Drapkina O. M. , Kositsyna I. V. , Golubev A. V. , Chaus N. I. , Perekhodov S. N. 
Published: November 2021

Aim. To study clinical, medical history and paraclinical characteristics of patients with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Material and methods. The study included 209 patients with NSTEMI who were admitted to the Demikhov City Clinical Hospital (Moscow). The patients were divided into 2 groups: the experimental one (n=104) — those after COVID-19, the control one (n=105) — those without history of COVID-19. All patients underwent routine diagnostic investigations in accordance with current standards and clinical guidelines.Results. The mean age of patients in the experimental group was 61,8±12,2 years, while in the control one — 69,0±13,0 years (p<0,0001). Myocardial infarction developed 49 days [34.0; 82.0] after COVID-19. Prior exertional angina was observed in 76,9% of patients in the experimental group and in 88,6% in the control one (χ2 =4,97; p=0,0258). The level of C-reactive protein in the experimental group was 19,2 mg/l [4,9; 53,0], and in the control one — 5,6 mg/l [0,4; 21,8] (p=0,0007). The average troponin I level in the experimental group was 2,7 ng/ml [1,3; 8,0], while in the control one — 1,8 ng/ml [0,8; 3,5] (p=0,0091).Conclusion. Patients with NSTEMI after COVID-19 were significantly younger compared to patients without a history of COVID-19. They had less common exertional angina prior to MI, while C-reactive protein and troponin I levels were significantly higher than in the control group. In addition, in NSTEMI patients after COVID-19, the estimated pulmonary artery systolic pressure was significantly higher compared to patients without a history of COVID-19.
Association of railway industry occupations with hypertension
Authors: Zhidkova E. A. , Pankova V. B. , Vilk M. F. , Gurevich K. G. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: November 2021

The review considers the issues of the association of railway industry occupations with the hypertension (HTN) risk. There is a number of reviews have been published earlier, where the high prevalence of HTN in railway workers was mentioned. Scientific literature was studied using the following keywords: “railway” and “hypertension” both in Russian and in English. A large spread in HTN prevalence among footplate staff was revealed according to different sources — from 7 to 60%. When recalculating the literature data on HTN prevalence among footplate staff in the CIS unites, it turned out to be no higher than that obtained for working-age men according to the Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases and their Risk Factors in Regions of Russian Federation (ESSE-RF). A number of studies indicate that HTN is developing faster for locomotive drivers than for people not working in the railway industry. In our opinion, scientific work on the high frequency of HTN among railway workers can only be considered preliminary. Probably, the development of HTN could be influenced not only by occupational, but also by the major risk factors, such as metabolic ones, obesity, etc.
In-hospital outcomes of treatment of patients with acute coronary syndrome using distal radial access
Authors: Mikheeva Yu. V. , Kurtasov D. S. , Ogurtsov P. P. , Koledinskii A. G. 
Published: November 2021

Endovascular methods are leading in the treatment of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Transradial access (TRA) is traditionally used, but there are some disadvantages. Distal transradial access (dTRA) is an alternative to conventional TRA, but its outcomes in patients with ACS are controversial.Aim. To evaluate the safety and efficacy of vascular accesses, as well as in-hospital outcomes of treatment of patients with ACS using conventional TRA versus dTRA.Material and methods. This single-center, prospective, randomized study included 264 patients with ACS, which were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (n=132) — dTRA, group 2 (n=132) — TRA. The groups were comparable in the initial clinical, laboratory and angiographic characteristics.Results. During percutaneous coronary intervention, 240 drug-eluting stents were implanted in 184 patients. In 10 patients, access was converted: from dTRA to TRA in 2,3% (n=3), from dTRA to femoral — 3,0% (n=4), from dTRA to femoral in 2,3% (n=3). The mean puncture time was 125,1±11,9 s in group 1 and 58,8±8,2 s in group 2 (p<0,00005). There was no difference in the total intervention duration as follows: 30,5±7,1 min and 29,4±4,6 min (p=0,1428), respectively. The time to hemostasis was significantly higher in the TRA group: 354,2±28,1 vs 125,4±15,3 min in group 1 (p<0,00005). When using dTRA, a lower incidence of hematomas (0,8 (n=1) vs 7,0% (n=9) (p=0,019)), spasm (5,6 (n=7) vs 13,2% (n=17) (p=0,039)) and radial artery occlusion (0,8 (n=1) vs 6,2% (n=8) (p=0,036)). The number of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in both groups was comparable: 10,4% (n=13) and 10,1% (n=13) in group 1 and 2, respectively (p=0,932).Conclusion. The use of dTRA does not increase the total procedure duration compared to conventional TRA. The complication rate was comparable in both study groups. When dTRA was used, the incidence of local complications was significantly lower compared to conventional TRA. Thus, dTRA can be an alternative to conventional TRA, but large randomized trials are required for final conclusions.
Natriuretic peptides: new challenges — new solutions
Authors: Drapkina O. M. , Shepel R. N. , Dzhioeva O. N. 
Published: November 2021

Natriuretic peptides (NPs) are one of the most significant biomarkers, the practical use of which increases, and their diagnostic and prognostic value in patients with various chronic noncommunicable diseases is beyond doubt. Since the discovery of these markers, research has been actively carried out to study the biological and pathophysiological roles of NPs in a wide range of diseases, including hypertension and heart failure (HF). These studies showed that A-type and B-type NPs are hormones secreted by the heart in response to pre- or afterload, which prevent high blood pressure and fluid retention. In addition, C-type NPs are produced by the vascular endothelium and act as a local a mediator with angioprotective properties. Since the NP system is a natural antagonist of the sympathoadrenal and renin-angiotensinaldosterone systems, it is interesting to study novel strategies to use new drug classes for hypertension. These drugs are neprilysin inhibitors, which destroys NPs; their action is to enhance the synthesis of endogenous peptides. Dual angiotensin receptor and neprilysin inhibition is widespread in clinical practice in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Neprilysin inhibition has also been shown to be an effective strategy for hypertensive patients. The article discusses the role and value of NP system in the dia - gnosis of heart failure and blood pressure regulation, and also considers new promising directions for neprilysin inhibition and activation of endogenous NP synthesis.
The Challenging Role of Theory of Mind in the Mothers of Children with Attention Deficit - Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Mohammadzadeh Azar , Khorrami Banadaki Anahita , Nezamolslami Atefeh 
Published: November 2021

Background: While theory of mind (ToM) deficit is frequently reported in children and adult with ADHD, there is no study investigating characteristics of ToM in their parents. This study aimed to investigate understanding intentionality as an important component of ToM ability in ADHD mothers and typically developing children’s mothers.
Methods: Through available sampling, (50 mothers), 23 ADHD’s mothers were compared to 27 age and IQ matched typically developing children’s mothers. All participants were assessed using the Animated Triangle Task for ToM performance and the Conners’ Continuous Performance Test (CPT) to evaluate neurocognitive performance. The Mann–Whitney and t-test were used as data analysis methods to examine differences between two groups.
Results: poor performance of ADHD mothers was at ToM task. (p < 0.001) However, no significant difference was found between the two groups of mothers in CPT-II performance (p > 0.001). Performance of ToM was not significantly associated with CPT-II.
Conclusions: ADHD mothers may have deficits in understanding intentionality. The findings suggest that researchers pay more attention to recognizing social cognition and social communication characteristics of the parents of ADHD children. It seems that using specific training programs for the parents of ADHD children to achieve ToM capacities can contribute to the pro motion of their children’s social development.
Serious Suicide Attempt by Hunting Gun with Severely Infectious Wounds and Facial Deformity during COVID-19 Arena; A Case Report
Authors: Bidaki Reza , Sadeh Maryam 
Published: November 2021

The etiology of suicide among students around the world revolves issues such as communication, education, family problems and parents’ relationship. We intend to report a case with serious recurrent suicide attempt by gun shot during COVID-19 period. We also present psychiatric and clinical evaluation, cosmetic surgery consultation, as well as microbial assessments in this survey.
The seventeen-year-old single male student from southwest of Iran with asymmetric deformed face was observed with the loss of parts of the mouse, nose, chin and mandible region .He had experienced a serious suicide attempt by a threatening plan following rejection. The patient had blurred, hypo phonic and hypotonic speech. Following the shooting, the soft and hard palate, facial, frontal bone and sinus had been destroyed and a foreign body was seen in the frontal sinus. After suicide risk as assessment, It was detected multiple predictive risk factors for recent suicide attempt and the possibility of recurrent suicide in future. Finally, reconstructive surgery was performed. We assessed him via face to face interview in order to identify psychiatric disorders. Also, he was evaluated as probability of committing recurrent suicide.
It is emphasized that in families which young children are prone to psychiatric disorders or emotional problems, availability of a dangerous device such as a gun can be harmful and it should be removed as soon as possible. We suggest the need for psychiatric evaluation especially suicide phenomenon in adolescents and their families as various conflicts in family context.