bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Women’s entrepreneurship as the part of economic systems inclusive development
Authors: Chaikin O. , Kirieieva E. 
Published: April 2021

Up to the third of all businesses operating in the formal economy worldwide are run by women, but most of these enterprises, especially in developing countries and countries with transitional economies, as Ukraine, are micro-enterprises with little potential for growth. Along with traditional indicators of economic growth, the inclusive economic development model takes into account human capital equality, environmentally friendly production, social protection, gender equality as factors of economic system sustainability. The purpose of the study is to determine the role of women's entrepreneurship in economic systems inclusive development. The objectives of the study are generalization of women's in entrepreneurship involvement role in inclusive economic growth; current state of women in various types of economic activity involvement analysis; the possibility of inclusive growth through the women's entrepreneurship development achievement justification. The object of the study is the process of economic systems inclusive growth through women entrepreneurship activity increase. It has been proved that, significant differentiation in women and men wage levels, insufficient number of women in business on management positions remain relevant issues today. The current state of women's entrepreneurship and gender equality aspects under inclusive growth and inclusive development issues was determined. Ukraine population structure and the distribution of managers and individual entrepreneurs by sex within the types of economic activity analysis has been conducted. The mechanism aimed at women's entrepreneurship inclusiveness provision, which includes regulatory, financial credit, organizational and economic, motivational and stereotypical components has been proposed. It has been substantiated, that entrepreneurship contributes to the middle class increase, and thus social and political stability strengthening, including gender problems that exist in the labor market solvation. The system of measures of women's entrepreneurship inclusiveness ensurement mechanism, which will provide an integrated approach, formation has been proposed.
Perceptual rivalry with vibrotactile stimuli
Authors: Darki Farzaneh , Rankin James 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn perceptual rivalry, ambiguous sensory information leads to dynamic changes in the perceptual interpretation of fixed stimuli. This phenomenon occurs when participants receive sensory stimuli that support two or more distinct interpretations; this results in spontaneous alternations between possible perceptual interpretations. Perceptual rivalry has been widely studied across different sensory modalities including vision, audition, and to a limited extent, in the tactile domain. Common features of perceptual rivalry across various ambiguous visual and auditory paradigms characterize the randomness of switching times and their dependence on input strength manipulations (Levelt’s propositions). It is still unclear whether the general characteristics of perceptual rivalry are preserved with tactile stimuli. This study aims to introduce a simple tactile stimulus capable of generating perceptual rivalry and explores whether general features of perceptual rivalry from other modalities extend to the tactile domain. Our results confirm that Levelt’s proposition II extends to tactile bistability, and that the stochastic characteristics of irregular perceptual alternations agree with non-tactile modalities. An analysis of correlations between subsequent perceptual phases reveals a significant positive correlation at lag 1 (as found in visual bistability), and a negative correlation for lag 2 (in contrast with visual bistability).
Individual differences in task-unrelated thought in university classrooms
Authors: Kane Michael J. , Carruth Nicholas P. , Lurquin John H. , Silvia Paul J. , Smeekens Bridget A. , von Bastian Claudia C. , Miyake Akira 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis study investigated what academic traits, attitudes, and habits predict individual differences in task-unrelated thought (TUT) during lectures, and whether this TUT propensity mediates associations between academic individual differences and course outcomes (final grade and situational interest evoked by material). Undergraduates (N = 851) from ten psychology classes at two US universities responded to thought probes presented during two early-course lectures; they also indicated sitting in the front, middle, or back of the classroom. At each probe, students categorized their thought content, such as indicating on-task thought or TUT. Students also completed online, academic-self-report questionnaires at the beginning of the course and a situational interest questionnaire at the end. Average TUT rate was 24% but individuals’ rates varied widely (SD = 18%). TUT rates also increased substantially from the front to back of the classroom, and modestly from the first to second half of class periods. Multiple-group analyses (with ten classroom groups) indicated that: (a) classroom media-multitasking habits, initial interest in the course topic, and everyday propensity for mind-wandering and boredom accounted for unique variance in TUT rate (beyond other predictors); (b) TUT rate accounted for unique (modest) variance in course grades and situational interest; and (c) classroom media multitasking and propensity for mind-wandering and boredom had indirect associations with course grades via TUT rate, and these predictor variables, along with initial interest, had indirect associations with end-of-term situational interest via TUT rate. Some academic traits and behaviors predict course outcomes in part because they predict off-task thought during class.
Digitalisation of state companies
Authors: Savoskin A. V. , Rozhkova N. A. 
Published: April 2021

The article analyzes the legal acts that regulate public relations regarding the digital transformation of tate corporations and companies with state participation. The economic and managerial directions of reform of the highest priority are established. The article describes the goals of the digital transformation of a state-owned company, including: creating a target business model, a system of goals and key performance indicators of digital transformation, and determining a digital transformation strategy. Special attention is paid to the development and implementation of initiatives for the implementation of digital infrastructure; the development of digital solutions providers; organizational activities within the framework of digital transformation; measures for programmed import substitution; and measures to ensure information security within the framework of digital transformation. Considering independent directions the digital transformation of state-owned companies can take, one such is the improvement of the “quality” of the staff and the formation of a culture of digital transformation. The article highlights such areas of work as: the creation of a model of digital competencies and the staffing of digital transformation within a state company; an assessment of the need for employees with special competence; teaching digital skills; the development of employees’ digital competencies within a state company; digital workforce management; and planning and holding an event to develop digital culture and the information security culture of a state company. In conclusion, it is determined that the proposed areas of the digitalization of state-owned companies are universal. It is suggested that these recommendations be used in relation to other organizations (primarily private).
ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey: Bright [C ii] 158 μm Lines from a Multiply Imaged Sub-L
⋆ Galaxy at z = 6.0719
Authors: Fujimoto Seiji , Oguri Masamune , Brammer Gabriel , Yoshimura Yuki , Laporte Nicolas , González-López Jorge , Caminha Gabriel B. , Kohno Kotaro , Zitrin Adi , Richard Johan , Ouchi Masami , Bauer Franz E. , Smail Ian , Hatsukade Bunyo , Ono Yoshiaki , Kokorev Vasily , Umehata Hideki , Schaerer Daniel , Knudsen Kirsten , Sun Fengwu , Magdis Georgios , Valentino Francesco , Ao Yiping , Toft Sune , Dessauges-Zavadsky Miroslava , Shimasaku Kazuhiro , Caputi Karina , Kusakabe Haruka , Morokuma-Matsui Kana , Shotaro Kikuchihara , Egami Eiichi , Lee Minju M. , Rawle Timothy , Espada Daniel 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We present bright [C ii] 158 μm line detections from a strongly magnified and multiply imaged (μ ∼ 20–160) sub–L
* (

M

UV

=
−

19.75

−
0.44

+
0.55

) Lyman-break galaxy (LBG) at z = 6.0719 ± 0.0004, drawn from the ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey (ALCS). Emission lines are identified at 268.7 GHz at ≥8σ exactly at the positions of two multiple images of the LBG, behind the massive galaxy cluster RXCJ0600−2007. Our lens models, updated with the latest spectroscopy from VLT/MUSE, indicate that a sub region of the LBG crosses the caustic, and is lensed into a long (∼6″) arc with a local magnification of μ ∼ 160, for which the [C ii] line is also significantly detected. The source plane reconstruction resolves the interstellar medium (ISM) structure, showing that the [C ii] line is co-spatial with the rest-frame UV continuum at a scale of ∼300 pc. The [C ii] line properties suggest that the LBG is a rotation-dominated system, whose velocity gradient explains a slight difference in redshifts between the whole LBG and its sub-region. The star formation rate (SFR)–L
[CII] relations, for whole and sub-regions of the LBG, are consistent with those of local galaxies. We evaluate the lower limit of the faint-end of the [C ii] luminosity function at z = 6, finding it to be consistent with predictions from semi-analytical models and from the local SFR–L
[CII] relation with a SFR function at z = 6. These results imply that the local SFR–L
[CII] relation is universal for a wide range of scales, including the spatially resolved ISM, the whole region of the galaxy, and the cosmic scale, even in the epoch of reionization.
Identifying RR Lyrae Variable Stars in Six Years of the Dark Energy Survey
Authors: Stringer K. M. , Drlica-Wagner A. , Macri L. , Martínez-Vázquez C. E. , Vivas A. K. , Ferguson P. , Pace A. B. , Walker A. R. , Neilsen E. , Tavangar K. , Wester W. , Abbott T. M. C. , Aguena M. , Allam S. , Bacon D. , Bechtol K. , Bertin E. , Brooks D. , Burke D. L. , Carnero Rosell A. , Carrasco Kind M. , Carretero J. , Costanzi M. , Crocce M. , Costa L. N. da , Pereira M. E. S. , De Vicente J. , Desai S. , Diehl H. T. , Doel P. , Ferrero I. , García-Bellido J. , Gaztanaga E. , Gerdes D. W. , Gruen D. , Gruendl R. A. , Gschwend J. , Gutierrez G. , Hinton S. R. , Hollowood D. L. , Honscheid K. , Hoyle B. , James D. J. , Kuehn K. , Kuropatkin N. , Li T. S. , Maia M. A. G. , Marshall J. L. , Menanteau F. , Miquel R. , Morgan R. , Ogando R. L. C. , Palmese A. , Paz-Chinchón F. , Plazas A. A. , Roodman A. , Sanchez E. , Schubnell M. , Serrano S. , Sevilla-Noarbe I. , Smith M. , Soares-Santos M. , Suchyta E. , Tarle G. , Thomas D. , To C. , Varga T. N. , Wilkinson R. D. , Zhang Y. ,   (DES Collaboration)
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We present a search for RR Lyrae stars using the full six-year data set from the Dark Energy Survey covering ∼5000 deg2 of the southern sky. Using a multistage multivariate classification and light-curve template-fitting scheme, we identify RR Lyrae candidates with a median of 35 observations per candidate. We detect 6971 RR Lyrae candidates out to ∼335 kpc, and we estimate that our sample is >70% complete at ∼150 kpc. We find excellent agreement with other wide-area RR Lyrae catalogs and RR Lyrae studies targeting the Magellanic Clouds and other Milky Way satellite galaxies. We fit the smooth stellar halo density profile using a broken-power-law model with fixed halo flattening (q = 0.7), and we find strong evidence for a break at

R

0

=

32.1

−
0.9

+
1.1

kpc

with an inner slope of

n

1

=
−

2.54

−
0.09

+
0.09

and an outer slope of

n

2

=
−

5.42

−
0.14

+
0.13

. We use our catalog to perform a search for Milky Way satellite galaxies with large sizes and low luminosities. Using a set of simulated satellite galaxies, we find that our RR Lyrae-based search is more sensitive than those using resolved stellar populations in the regime of large (r
h ≳ 500 pc), low-surface-brightness dwarf galaxies. A blind search for large, diffuse satellites yields three candidate substructures. The first can be confidently associated with the dwarf galaxy Eridanus II. The second has a distance and proper motion similar to the ultrafaint dwarf galaxy Tucana II but is separated by ∼5 deg. The third is close in projection to the globular cluster NGC 1851 but is ∼10 kpc more distant and appears to differ in proper motion.
Fast Optical Transients from Stellar-mass Black Hole Tidal Disruption Events in Young Star Clusters
Authors: Kremer Kyle , Lu Wenbin , Piro Anthony L. , Chatterjee Sourav , Rasio Frederic A. , Ye Claire S. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Observational evidence suggests that the majority of stars may have been born in stellar clusters or associations. Within these dense environments, dynamical interactions lead to high rates of close stellar encounters. A variety of recent observational and theoretical indications suggest stellar-mass black holes may be present and play an active dynamical role in stellar clusters of all masses. In this study, we explore the tidal disruption of main-sequence stars by stellar-mass black holes in young star clusters. We compute a suite of over 3000 independent N-body simulations that cover a range of cluster mass, metallicity, and half-mass radii. We find stellar-mass black hole tidal disruption events (TDEs) occur at an overall rate of up to roughly 200 Gpc−3 yr−1 in young stellar clusters in the local universe. These TDEs are expected to have several characteristic features, namely, fast rise times of order a day, peak X-ray luminosities of at least 1044 erg s−1, and bright optical luminosities (roughly 1041–1044 erg s−1) associated with reprocessing by a disk wind. In particular, we show these events share many features in common with the emerging class of Fast Blue Optical Transients.
Constraining Galaxy Halos from the Dispersion and Scattering of Fast Radio Bursts and Pulsars
Authors: Ocker Stella Koch , Cordes James M. , Chatterjee Shami 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) can be scattered by ionized gas in their local environments, host galaxies, intervening galaxies along their lines of sight (LOS), the intergalactic medium, and the Milky Way. The relative contributions of these different media depend on their geometric configuration and the internal properties of the gas. When these relative contributions are well understood, FRB scattering is a powerful probe of density fluctuations along the LOS. The precise scattering measurements for FRB 121102 and FRB 180916 allow us to place an upper limit on the amount of scattering contributed by the Milky Way halo to these FRBs. The scattering time

τ
∝
(

F

˜

×

DM

2

)

A

τ

, where DM is the dispersion measure,

F

˜

quantifies electron density variations with

F

˜

=
0

for a smooth medium, and the dimensionless constant A

τ
quantifies the difference between the mean scattering delay and the 1/e scattering time typically measured. A likelihood analysis of the observed scattering and halo DM constraints finds that

F

˜

is at least an order of magnitude smaller in the halo than in the Galactic disk. The maximum pulse broadening from the halo is τ ≲ 12 μs at 1 GHz. We compare our analysis of the Milky Way halo with other galaxy halos by placing limits on the scattering contributions from halos intersecting the LOS to FRB 181112 and FRB 191108. Our results are consistent with halos making negligible or very small contributions to the scattering times of these FRBs.
Discovery of an Extremely Short Duration Flare from Proxima Centauri Using Millimeter through Far-ultraviolet Observations
Authors: MacGregor Meredith A. , Weinberger Alycia J. , Loyd R. O. Parke , Shkolnik Evgenya , Barclay Thomas , Howard Ward S. , Zic Andrew , Osten Rachel A. , Cranmer Steven R. , Kowalski Adam F. , Lenc Emil , Youngblood Allison , Estes Anna , Wilner David J. , Forbrich Jan , Hughes Anna , Law Nicholas M. , Murphy Tara , Boley Aaron , Matthews Jaymie 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We present the discovery of an extreme flaring event from Proxima Cen by the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP), Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), Hubble Space Telescope (HST), Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), and the du Pont Telescope that occurred on 2019 May 1. In the millimeter and FUV, this flare is the brightest ever detected, brightening by a factor of >1000 and >14,000 as seen by ALMA and HST, respectively. The millimeter and FUV continuum emission trace each other closely during the flare, suggesting that millimeter emission could serve as a proxy for FUV emission from stellar flares and become a powerful new tool to constrain the high-energy radiation environment of exoplanets. Surprisingly, optical emission associated with the event peaks at a much lower level with a time delay. The initial burst has an extremely short duration, lasting for <10 s. Taken together with the growing sample of millimeter M dwarf flares, this event suggests that millimeter emission is actually common during stellar flares and often originates from short burst-like events.
Evidence of Extended Emission in GRB 181123B and Other High-redshift Short GRBs
Authors: Dichiara S. , Troja E. , Beniamini P. , O’Connor B. , Moss M. , Lien A. Y. , Ricci R. , Amati L. , Ryan G. , Sakamoto T. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We study the high-energy properties of GRB 181123B, a short gamma-ray burst (sGRB) at redshift z ≈ 1.75. We show that, despite its nominal short duration with T
90 < 2 s, this burst displays evidence of a temporally extended emission (EE) at high energies and that the same trend is observed in the majority of sGRBs at z ≳ 1. We discuss the impact of instrumental selection effects on the GRB classification, stressing that the measured T
90 is not an unambiguous indicator of the burst physical origin. By examining their environment (e.g., stellar mass, star formation, offset distribution), we find that these high-z sGRBs share many properties of long GRBs at a similar distance and are consistent with a short-lived progenitor system. If produced by compact binary mergers, these sGRBs with EE may be easier to localize at large distances and herald a larger population of sGRBs in the early universe.
L'éthique en contexte info-communicationnel numérique
Authors: Arruabarrena Béa 
Published: April 2021

Face au développement du Big data, la qualité des données a connu en quelques années, un regain d’intérêt pour devenir un thème central dans le débat sur le traitement des données massives tant du point de vue de la recherche scientifique que de celui des organisations. L’analyse quantitative de données, tributaire des caractéristiques du big data : son Volume, sa Vélocité, sa Variété et sa Valeur, soulèvent de nombreuses questions quant au traitement éthique des données. Cet article a pour objectif d’analyser au travers des débats actuels scientifiques les questions qui se rapportent à la qualité des données et à l’éthique des données tant au niveau des individus, des organisations que de la société. Dans un premier temps, cette démarche conduit à définir la qualité des données, ainsi que les objectifs qu’elle poursuit. Dans un second temps, il est examiné les différents enjeux qu’elle soulève, qu’ils soient éthiques, juridiques, technologiques ou organisationnels. À travers ces analyses, il est ensuite proposé une réflexion sur la qualité des données comme approche éthique inclusive dans les parcours de formation de data sciences .
L'éthique en contexte info-communicationnel numérique
Authors: Cormerais Franck 
Published: April 2021

Cet article est consacré, dans une première partie, à un prolongement de la critique de l’économie de l’attention pour penser une transition qui mène à la capture de l’intention comprise comme l’autre face de la « data économie » reposant sur des algorithmes. La tentative de prise de contrôle de l’intention, comme achèvement d’un capitalisme cognitif, conduit à requalifier la relation entre intention et conscience à partir de la trace informatique. Dans une seconde partie, l’article s’attache à la défense d’une éthique et d’une politique de l’intention. Cette démarche conduit à penser les relations entre le volontaire et l’involontaire, réévaluant l’importance d’un consentement éclairé pour envisager un nouveau régime d’engagement collectif devant les écrans et les documents.
Nurses' Willingness to Perform AIDS Patient Care
Authors: Kemppainen Jeanne , St Lawrence Janet S , Irizarry Andre , Weidema Donna R , Benne Candice , Fredericks Christine D , Wilson Marge 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We evaluated nurses from hospitals with different prevalences of AIDS patients and with different levels of nursing education to measure their willingness to provide care to AIDS patients. Nurses who were most experienced in AIDS patient care, employed in high-prevalence hospitals, and who considered themselves most knowledgeable about infectious disease consistently were less willing to provide nursing care for AIDS patients. Nurses with BSN or MSN education employed in hospitals with low and moderate prevalence of AIDS were the most willing to provide AIDS patient care. The results are discussed in light of recent research on universal precautions adherence and factors that may contribute to increasingly negative attitudes for nurses who provide sustained AIDS patient care.
The School Nurse Development Program: An Experiment in Off-Site Delivery
Authors: Cowell Julia Muennich , Kahn Evelyn Henry , Bahrawy Aida A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a teleconferenced program by comparing multiple program outcomes of learners enrolled at three off-campus sites to Chicago-based learners. An adaptation of the Stake (1967) countenance model guided the evaluation. The data analysis consisted of descriptive statistics, cross-tabulations, and content analyses of comments. The results indicated no statistical differences between groups in grade point average, satisfaction with the program generally or with the teleconferencing process, tenure in school nursing, job stability, adoption of management strategies, and school health programs directed to aggregates.
Codependency in Nursing: Using a Simulation/Gaming Teaching Method
Authors: Farnsworth Beverly J , Thomas Katherine Jean 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Practicing nurses can benefit by learning to differentiate their caretaking (potentially destructive) from their caregiving (constructive) behaviors, and by learning strategies to facilitate caregiving. A new simulation/game was developed to assist nurses to recognize codependent behaviors in themselves and others and to practice some alternative patterns of behavior. This team-based simulation/game, "The Climb," uses the metaphor of a mountain-climbing expedition. The experiences of the journey promote dynamic insights into the consequences of codependency in the professional and personal lives of the nurse.