bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and in vitro characterization of histidine trimethyl chitosan conjugated nanocomplex incorporated into injectable thermosensitive hydrogels for localized gene delivery
Authors: Akbari Vajihe , Rezazadeh Mahboubeh , Hanaie Narges Seyed , Hasanzadeh Farshid 
Published: April 2021

AbstractLocalized and sustained delivery of DNA using biomaterial scaffolds would increase the applicability of gene therapy in cancer treatment and tissue engineering. The most promising approach is the application of hydrogel scaffolds to encapsulate and deliver DNA in the form of nanocomplex to the target sites. In the present work, histidine conjugated trimethylated chitosan (HTMC) was synthesized and nanocomplexes fabricated with pDNA at different N/P ratios. The zeta potential and size of the HTMC/pDNA nanoparticles were determined using dynamic light scattering technique and the results were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The morphology of the nanoparticles was found spherical in shape having core–shell nanostructure. Based on gel retardation assay, polyplex dissociation following incubation with heparin, protection against DNase Ι, cytotoxicity and transfection experiments, HTMC/pDNA at N/P 15 was selected as an optimized formulation and loaded into CTS/PF127 and HA/PF127 hydrogel. The optimized HTMC/pDNA nanocomplex was homogenously distributed in the CTS/PF127 hydrogel. Transfection experiments were carried out on HEK293T cell lines and the results revealed that HTMC/pDNA complexes are stable and active inside the hydrogel, however, the transfection efficacy was decreased after incorporation into the hydrogel.
High Regio‐ and Stereoselective Multi‐enzymatic Synthesis of All Phenylpropanolamine Stereoisomers from β‐Methylstyrene
Authors: Corrado Maria L. , Knaus Tanja , Mutti Francesco G. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe present a one‐pot cascade for the synthesis of phenylpropanolamines (PPAs) in high optical purities (er and dr up to >99.5 %) and analytical yields (up to 95 %) by using 1‐phenylpropane‐1,2‐diols as key intermediates. This bioamination entails the combination of an alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), an ω‐transaminase (ωTA) and an alanine dehydrogenase to create a redox‐neutral network, which harnesses the exquisite and complementary regio‐ and stereo‐selectivities of the selected ADHs and ωTAs. The requisite 1‐phenylpropane‐1,2‐diol intermediates were obtained from trans‐ or cis‐β‐methylstyrene by combining a styrene monooxygenase with epoxide hydrolases. Furthermore, in selected cases, the envisioned cascade enabled to obtain the structural isomer (1S,2R)‐1‐amino‐1‐phenylpropan‐2‐ol in high optical purity (er and dr >99.5 %). This is the first report on an enzymatic method that enables to obtain all of the four possible PPA stereoisomers in great enantio‐ and diastereo‐selectivity.
On the mechanism of effectively chiral‐pure macromolecular spiralization induced by a weakly chiral polarized heterochiral solution of a chiral compound
Authors: Skoblin Аleksey А. , Mikhaleva Maria G. , Voronina Lyubov I. , Stovbun Sergey V. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThere has been made an assumption, correlating with experimental data, that the phenomenon of effectively chiral‐pure, chiral‐induced spiralization of macromolecules in weakly polarized heterochiral solutions is determined by the mechanism of physico‐chemical annihilation: enantiomers‐antipodes of a chiral compound in a heterochiral solution annihilate; that is, they form achiral dimers, the solution becomes effectively homochiral and further, chiral‐induced macromolecular spiralization of one sign of helicity is realized in it in the same way as in other homochiral solutions.
Small‐Molecule Absorber A1094 as a Stable and Fast‐Clearing NIR‐II Imaging Agent
Authors: Huang Yanfang , Liu Huanhuan , Chen Xueyuan , Zhang Yunming , Zhao Xingyang , Huang Wenchao , Mou Zhaobiao , Wang Chao , Zhang Kaiqiang , Li Zijing 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPhotoacoustic imaging (PAI) in the second near‐infrared window (NIR‐II) is conducive to deep‐tissue imaging due to small scattering coefficients, but often requires exogenous imaging agents. At present, nanoparticle‐based NIR‐II imaging agents are mainly used in non‐clinical studies, some basic components of which are resistant to metabolism in vivo. The aim of this study was to examine the ∼600 Da croconaine absorber A1094, absorbing lights around 1094 nm, as a rare, small‐molecule NIR‐II imaging agent in vivo. The clinical translational potential of A1094 injection were systematically revealed, including sufficient solubility and freeness in blood, good anti‐interference ability, and favourable pH/oxidation‐reduction/metabolic stabilities. After intravenous administration of A1094 injection, PAI of murine ears exhibited comparable capillaries visibility to that of PAI with popular Au nanorods. The contrasts achieved with A1094 and Au nanorods were 1.78 and 1.29 times higher than before administration, in the healthy group, and 3.25 and 1.58 times higher in the inflammation group. Notably, A1094 demonstrated a desired faster liver clearance than Au nanorods. The PAI signal of A1094 was cleared by 74.2 % after 3 h, whereas Au nanorods were only cleared by 43.1 %. The main metabolic mechanisms of A1094 were identified as N‐methylation and lipid hydrolysis by murine liver microsomes in vitro. Therefore, A1094 may have promising clinical potential as a stable and fast‐clearing NIR‐II imaging agent.
Research and application of node fuzzy identification and localization in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Wu Gang , Wu Chengdong 
Published: April 2021

SummaryIn recent years, sensor technology has attracted the attention of countries all over the world because of its potential huge application value, and it has played an important role in people's daily life and social production activities. This paper mainly studies the location algorithm based on ranging in the location algorithm and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the algorithm. In order to optimize the positioning of wireless sensor networks, a fuzzy controller is designed to fuzzify the input information of sensor nodes. Using Matlab network simulation tool, the congestion control algorithm proposed in this paper was simulated and compared with several typical congestion control protocols in wireless sensor networks. Experimental results show that the algorithm can improve network throughput, reduce network packet loss, and have a significant impact on network performance. The network throughput of the congestion control algorithm based on fuzzy logs is stable at 180 packets per second. Compared with CODA, the congestion control algorithm based on fuzzy logarithm increases the packet loss rate by 55–66%, and the SenTCP algorithm increases by 37–40%. It can be seen that congestion control algorithms based on fuzzy logic can play an important role in wireless sensor networks.
Experimental investigation on performance of absorbents for carbon dioxide capture from diesel engine exhaust
Authors: Kumar Pulkit , Rathod Vishwas , Parwani Ajit Kumar 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe postcombustion CO2 capture technology (PCC) is the topic of surplus study because it offers ease of implementation in the existing systems. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this technique has never been used for the automobile sector which has a major contribution toward anthropogenic CO2. In this article, experimental investigation has been carried out on the chemical solvents to determine the efficacy of capturing CO2 from multi‐pollutant diesel engine exhaust. The captured CO2 is measured in terms of percentage by volume of the total exhaust gas from three primary amines solvents, that is, monoethanolamine (MEA), N,N‐dimethylethanolamine (DMEA), and ammonia at seven brake power values, and their capture efficiencies are compared. A proposed design for the implementation of carbon capture unit in the existing heavy‐duty diesel engine has also been presented with theoretical calculation on the weight of the storage tank. Energy balance analyses have been performed to determine the energy needed to regenerate the solvents. It is found that the regeneration energy required for solvents MEA, DMEA, and ammonia is 2.2, 0.7, and 1.1 kWh, respectively which is quite lower than the total energy available with exhaust gas. Experimental results show that capture efficiency at ambient conditions with absorbents MEA, DMEA, and chilled ammonia is 90.95, 57.66, and 80.08, respectively. It reveals that the PCC method can be implemented in an existing diesel engine with MEA as an efficient and safe solvent.
The Effect of Bolus Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Distal Radius Fracture Healing: A Randomized Controlled Trial Using HR-pQCT
Authors: Heyer Frans L , de Jong Joost JA , Willems Paul C , Arts Jacobus J , Bours Sandrine G P , van Kuijk Sander M J , Bons Judith A P , Poeze Martijn , Geusens Piet P , van Rietbergen Bert , van den Bergh Joop P 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Vitamin D is an important factor in bone metabolism. Animal studies have shown a positive effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on fracture healing, but evidence from clinical trials is inconclusive. A randomized controlled trial was performed to assess the effects of vitamin D3 supplementation on fracture healing using HR-pQCT–based outcome parameters. Thirty-two postmenopausal women with a conservatively treated distal radius fracture were included within 2 weeks postfracture and randomized to a low-dose (N = 10) and a high-dose (N = 11) vitamin D intervention group receiving a 6-week bolus dose, equivalent to 700 and 1800 IU vitamin D3 supplementation per day, respectively, in addition to a control group (N = 11) receiving no supplementation. After the baseline visit 1–2 weeks postfracture, follow-up visits were scheduled at 3–4, 6–8, and 12 weeks postfracture. At each visit, HR-pQCT scans of the fractured radius were performed. Cortical and trabecular bone density and microarchitectural parameters and microfinite element analysis–derived torsion, compression, and bending stiffness were assessed. Additionally, serum markers of bone resorption (CTX) and bone formation (PINP) were measured. Baseline serum levels of 25OHD3 were &lt;50 nmol/L in 33% of all participants and &lt;75 nmol/L in 70%. Compared with the control group, high-dose vitamin D3 supplementation resulted in a decreased trabecular number (regression coefficient β: −0.22; p &lt; 0.01) and lower compression stiffness (B: −3.63; p &lt; 0.05, together with an increase in the bone resorption marker CTX (B: 0.062; p &lt; 0.05). No statistically significant differences were observed between the control and low-dose intervention group. In conclusion, the bolus equivalent of 700 U/day vitamin D3 supplementation in a Western postmenopausal population does not improve distal radius fracture healing and an equivalent dose of 1800 IU/day may be detrimental in restoring bone stiffness during the first 12 weeks of fracture healing. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Role of vitamin D–vitamin D receptor signaling on hyperoxia‐induced bronchopulmonary dysplasia in neonatal rats
Authors: Wang Yuchun , Jiang Lian 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundVitamin D exerts therapeutic effects on bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), but its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of vitamin D on hyperoxia‐induced BPD and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.MethodsNeonatal rats were exposed to either room air (control) or 75% O2 (hyperoxia) and intraperitoneally injected with vitamin D3. After 14 days, a histopathological examination was performed in the lungs of rats. Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) was measured by liquid chromatography–tandom mass spectrometry (LC–MS)/MS. Interleukin 1 beta (IL‐1β) and interferon gamma (IFN‐γ) were measured by specific enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. The messenger RNA and protein levels of vitamin D receptor (VDR), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), and hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α) were determined by real‐time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunoblot analysis, respectively.ResultsTreatment with vitamin D3 increased serum 25OHD and upregulated VDR in lung tissues with or without hyperoxia. In addition, treatment with vitamin D3 attenuated alveolar simplification, increased VEGF and VEGFR2, and protected alveolar simplification induced by hyperoxia. Furthermore, treatment with vitamin D3 resulted in a decrease of IL‐1β and IFN‐γ and an increase of HIF‐1α in lung tissues under hyperoxia conditions.ConclusionVitamin D exerts protective effects on hyperoxia‐induced BPD in neonatal rats by regulating vitamin D–VDR signaling pathways.
Tissue clearing techniques for three‐dimensional optical imaging of intact human prostate and correlations with multi‐parametric MRI
Authors: Cipollari Stefano , Jamshidi Neema , Du Liutao , Sung Kyunghyun , Huang Danshan , Margolis Daniel J. , Huang Jiaoti , Reiter Robert E. , Kuo Michael D. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract BackgroundTissue clearing technologies have enabled remarkable advancements for in situ characterization of tissues and exploration of the three‐dimensional (3D) relationships between cells, however, these studies have predominantly been performed in non‐human tissues and correlative assessment with clinical imaging has yet to be explored. We sought to evaluate the feasibility of tissue clearing technologies for 3D imaging of intact human prostate and the mapping of structurally and molecularly preserved pathology data with multi‐parametric volumetric MR imaging (mpMRI).MethodsWhole‐mount prostates were processed with either hydrogel‐based CLARITY or solvent‐based iDISCO. The samples were stained with a nuclear dye or fluorescently labeled with antibodies against androgen receptor, alpha‐methylacyl coenzyme‐A racemase, or p63, and then imaged with 3D confocal microscopy. The apparent diffusion coefficient and Ktrans maps were computed from preoperative mpMRI.ResultsQuantitative analysis of cleared normal and tumor prostate tissue volumes displayed differences in 3D tissue architecture, marker‐specific cell staining, and cell densities that were significantly correlated with mpMRI measurements in this initial, pilot cohort.Conclusions3D imaging of human prostate volumes following tissue clearing is a feasible technique for quantitative radiology–pathology correlation analysis with mpMRI and provides an opportunity to explore functional relationships between cellular structures and cross‐sectional clinical imaging.
Industry 4.0 and Decision Making
Authors: Rosin Frédéric , Forget Pascal , Lamouri Samir , Pellerin Robert 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIndustry 4.0 is an ubiquitous term that suggests significant impacts on the productivity and flexibility of production systems. But to what extent do the various technologies associated with Industry 4.0 contribute to enhance autonomy of operational teams by helping them make better and faster decisions, particularly in the context of Lean production system? This paper proposes a model of different types of autonomy in the decision-making process, depending on whether or not the steps in the decision-making process are enhanced by technologies. This model will be tested afterwards in a use case implemented in a learning factory offering Lean management training before being tested in a real production unit.
Transseries for causal diffusive systems
Authors: Heller Michal P. , Serantes Alexandre , Spaliński Michał , Svensson Viktor , Withers Benjamin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The large proper-time behaviour of expanding boost-invariant fluids has provided many crucial insights into quark-gluon plasma dynamics. Here we formulate and explore the late-time behaviour of nonequilibrium dynamics at the level of linearized perturbations of equilibrium, but without any special symmetry assumptions. We introduce a useful quantitative approximation scheme in which hydrodynamic modes appear as perturbative contributions while transients are nonperturbative. In this way, solutions are naturally organized into transseries as they are in the case of boost-invariant flows. We focus our attention on the ubiquitous telegrapher’s equation, the simplest example of a causal theory with a hydrodynamic sector. In position space we uncover novel transient contributions as well as Stokes phenomena which change the structure of the transseries based on the spacetime region or the choice of initial data.
Carving out the space of open-string S-matrix
Authors: Huang Yu-tin , Liu Jin-Yu , Rodina Laurentiu , Wang Yihong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we explore the open string amplitude’s dual role as a space-time S-matrix and a 2D holomorphic CFT correlation function. We pursue this correspondence in two directions. First, beginning with a general disk integrand dressed with a Koba-Nielsen factor, we demonstrate that exchange symmetry for the factorization residue of the amplitude forces the integrand to be expandable on SL(2,R) conformal blocks. Furthermore, positivity constraints associated with unitarity imply the SL(2,R) blocks must come in linear combinations for which the Virasoro block emerges at the “kink” in the space of solutions. In other words, Virasoro symmetry arises at the boundary of consistent factorization. Next, we consider the low energy EFT description, where unitarity manifests as the EFThedron in which the couplings must live. The existence of a worldsheet description implies, through the Koba-Nielsen factor, monodromy relations which impose algebraic identities amongst the EFT couplings. We demonstrate at finite derivative order that the intersection of the “monodromy plane” and the four-dimensional EFThedron carves out a tiny island for the couplings, which continues to shrink as the derivative order is increased. At the eighth derivative order, on a three-dimensional monodromy plane, the intersection fixes the width of this island to around 1.5% (of ζ(3)) and 0.2% (of ζ(5)) with respect to the toroidally compactified Type-I super string answer. This leads us to conjecture that the four-point open superstring amplitude can be completely determined by the geometry of the intersection of the monodromy plane and the EFThedron.
Exact quark-mass dependence of the Higgs-photon form factor at three loops in QCD
Authors: Niggetiedt Marco 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We follow up on our discussion of the exact quark-mass dependence of the Higgs-gluon form factor at three loops in QCD [1] and turn our attention to the closely related Higgs-photon form factor. Similarly to our previous work, we intend to examine the form factor for the decay of a Higgs-boson with variable mass into two photons at the three-loop level in QCD. The set of master integrals is known numerically due to prior work on the Higgs-gluon form factor and is exploited to obtain expansions around the threshold as well as in the high-energy limit. Our results may be utilised to derive the photonic decay rate of the Higgs-boson through next-to-next-to-leading order.
Simultaneous stereotactic radiosurgery of multiple brain metastases using single-isocenter dynamic conformal arc therapy: a prospective monocentric registry trial
Authors: Bodensohn Raphael , Kaempfel Anna-Lena , Fleischmann Daniel Felix , Hadi Indrawati , Hofmaier Jan , Garny Sylvia , Reiner Michael , Forbrig Robert , Corradini Stefanie , Thon Niklas , Belka Claus , Niyazi Maximilian 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Single-isocenter dynamic conformal arc (SIDCA) therapy is a technically efficient way of delivering stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) to multiple metastases simultaneously. This study reports on the safety and feasibility of linear accelerator (LINAC) based SRS with SIDCA for patients with multiple brain metastases.

Methods
All patients who received SRS with this technique between November 2017 and June 2019 within a prospective registry trial were included. The patients were irradiated with a dedicated planning tool for multiple brain metastases using a LINAC with a 5 mm multileaf collimator. Follow-up was performed every 3 months, including clinical and radiological examination with cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These early data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Kaplan–Meier method.

Results
A total of 65 patients with 254 lesions (range 2–12) were included in this analysis. Median beam-on time was 23 min. The median follow-up at the time of analysis was 13 months (95% CI 11.1–14.9). Median overall survival and median intracranial progression-free survival was 15 months (95% CI 7.7–22.3) and 7 months (95% CI 3.9–10.0), respectively. Intracranial and local control after 1 year was 64.6 and 97.5%, respectively. During follow-up, CTCAE grade I adverse effects (AE) were experienced by 29 patients (44.6%; 18 of them therapy related, 27.7%), CTCAE grade II AEs by four patients (6.2%; one of them therapy related, 1.5%), and CTCAE grade III by three patients (4.6%; none of them therapy related). Two lesions (0.8%) in two patients (3.1%) were histopathologically proven to be radiation necrosis.

Conclusion
Simultaneous SRS using SIDCA seems to be a feasible and safe treatment for patients with multiple brain metastases.
Zugelassene Systemtherapien in der Dermatologie
Authors: Kleinhans Monika , Funke-Lorenz Carolin , Dissemond Joachim 
Published: April 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Für den Fachbereich Dermatologie steht gerade in den letzten Jahren ein zunehmendes Spektrum an Systemtherapien zur Verfügung. Bei einigen dieser Medikamente handelt es sich um einen Off-label-Use, was beispielsweise zu Problemen bei der Kostenerstattung führen kann. Dieser Beitrag soll daher einen Überblick über die derzeit zugelassenen Systemtherapien in der Dermatologie bieten und weitere Alternativen wie Compassionate Use und Early-Access-Programme aufzeigen.

Material und Methoden
Die Recherche der zugelassenen Medikamente in Deutschland wurde online in der Datenbank für Arzneimittel des Bundesinstituts für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte durchgeführt. Zudem erfolgte ein Abgleich mit den Angaben in der Roten Liste.

Ergebnisse
Für insgesamt 50 dermatologisch relevante Krankheitsbilder werden tabellarisch die jeweils zugelassenen Systemtherapien dargestellt.

Diskussion
Es kann festgestellt werden, dass die enormen Weiterentwicklungen der letzten Jahre und die zunehmend gute Evidenz in vielen Fällen trotz oftmals fehlender klinischer Studien im Fachbereich der Dermatologie sehr Erfolg versprechende systemische Behandlungskonzepte bieten. Jedoch kann der oft notwendige Off-label-Use Schwierigkeiten im klinischen Alltag verursachen. Der behandelnde Arzt sollte ebenso wie der Patient daher immer informiert sein, wenn es sich bei einer geplanten Therapie um einen Off-label-Use handelt. Es sollten zuvor zugelassene Alternativen in Erwägung gezogen werden, und eine adäquate Aufklärung der Patienten sollte erfolgen.
Factorizing the $$\mathbf {Top}$$–$$\mathbf {Loc}$$ adjunction through positive topologies
Authors: Ciraulo Francesco , Kawai Tatsuji , Maschio Samuele 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe characterize the category of Sambin’s positive topologies as the result of the Grothendieck construction applied to a doctrine over the category Loc of locales. We then construct an adjunction between the category of positive topologies and that of topological spaces Top, and show that the well-known adjunction between Top and Loc factors through the constructed adjunction.