bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Untersuchungen zur automatisierten Isoflurannarkose bei der Saugferkelkastration
Authors: Härtel Helena , Gumbert Sophie , Rauh Anna , Beisl Marina , Schulz Jochen , Kempf Katrin , Senf Steffanie , Winner Eva , Weiß Christine , Nüßlein Andreas , Zablotski Yury , Ritzmann Mathias , Zöls Susanne 
Published: June 2021

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Untersuchung von Abwehrreaktionen, Ferkelverlusten und Aufwachphase unter automatisierter Isoflurannarkose kastrierter Saugferkel, Erhebung von Isoflurankonzentrationen in der Umgebung sowie des Erfolgs von Reinigung und Desinfektion der Narkosemasken.
Material und Methoden Insgesamt 955 männliche Saugferkel (Alter 4,0 ± 1,2 Tage; Gewicht 2,0 ± 0,5 kg) aus 5 Abferkeldurchgängen (DG) wurden nach Applikation eines nicht steroidalen Antiphlogistikums unter Isoflurannarkose (PorcAnest 3000®) kastriert. Zur Beurteilung von Reaktionen der Tiere dienten der Zwischenklauenreflex vor sowie Abwehrbewegungen und Lautäußerungen während der Kastration. Die Aufwachphase wurde im Stallgang (DG 1) bzw. in der Abferkelbucht (DG 4–5) evaluiert. Bei 73 Tieren wurde der Samenstrang mit dem Skalpell abgesetzt und Nachblutungen visuell überprüft. Isofluranmessungen fanden an verschiedenen Lokalisationen statt. Die Narkosemasken wurden vor und nach der Anwendung sowie nach Desinfektion auf Gesamtkeimbelastung und Indikatorkeime untersucht.
Ergebnisse Bei der Kastration wiesen 94,3 % der Saugferkel nach der Einleitungszeit von 90 Sekunden und 95,3 % der Ferkel mit vorheriger Testung des Zwischenklauenreflexes und gegebenenfalls Verlängerung der Isofluranzufuhr keine oder nur eine kurze Abwehrbewegung auf. Bei 0,9 % der Ferkel trat ein Narkosezwischenfall auf, kein Tier verendete. Die Aufwachphase dauerte 7,3 ± 4,7 Minuten (DG 1) bzw. 6,2 ± 3,3 Minuten (DG 4–5). Das Absetzen des Samenstrangs mittels Skalpells führte zu einem höheren Nachblutungsscore (p < 0,001) als die Anwendung des Emaskulators. Die Isoflurankonzentrationen in der Umgebungsluft lagen zwischen 4,5 und 28,1 mg/m3. Die Maskendesinfektion reduzierte die Gesamtkeimzahl um 99,8 %. Kontaminationen mit Escherichia coli und MRSA waren in 4 von 6 Fällen nach Desinfektion nicht mehr nachweisbar.
Schlussfolgerung Die Isoflurannarkose führte bei über 94 % der Ferkel zu keiner bzw. einer geringgradigen Abwehrreaktion während der Kastration. Narkosezwischenfälle waren selten und hatten keine vermehrten Ferkelverluste zur Folge. Somit ist die automatisierte Isoflurannarkose bei sorgfältiger Anwendung mit einem geringen Risiko für die Saugferkel verbunden. Die Isoflurankonzentration in der Atemluft der beteiligten Personen lag unter dem international niedrigsten Grenzwert. Die Desinfektion der Narkosemasken könnte eine Keimübertragung zwischen Tiergruppen über diesen potenziellen Vektor verhindern.
Cannabis use of patients with inflammatory bowel disease in Germany: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Neufeld Tanja , Pfuhlmann Katrin , Stock-Schröer Beate , Kairey Lana , Bauer Nina , Häuser Winfried , Langhorst Jost 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background and Aims Progressive legalization and increasing utilization of medical cannabis open up potential new applications, including for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study aimed to collect current figures on the use of and experience with cannabis among IBD patients in Germany.
Methods A 71-item questionnaire was mailed to a randomly selected representative sample of 1000 IBD patients.
Results Questionnaires were returned by 417 patients (mean age 49.1 ± 17.0 years; 55.8 % women; 43.4 % ulcerative colitis and 54.7 % Crohn’s disease). Seventy-three respondents (17.5 %) stated past cannabis use for recreational purposes, while 12 users mentioned usage at the time the questionnaire was completed (2.9 %). Seventeen patients (4.1 %) indicated past use of cannabis, and 18 participants (4.3 %) reported current use of cannabis to treat IBD. Perceived benefits of cannabis use by its users included reduced abdominal pain, improved sleep quality, and relief of unease and worry. They reported lower quality of life and higher levels of anxiety or depression than non-users. Of notice, 52.9 % of cannabis users obtained their cannabis from the black market. A total of 76.5 % of former and 50 % of current users did not report their cannabis use to the physician.
Conclusion This survey reveals the largest data set on cannabis use among IBD patients in Germany, with the potential for further research. Cannabis is mainly procured from the black market, with unknown quality.
OCT Application for Sterile Corneal Graft Screening in the Eye Bank
Authors: Quintin Adrien , Hamon Loïc , Mäurer Stephanie , Langenbucher Achim , Seitz Berthold 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background and Objective Sterile donor tomography enables the detection of corneal tissues with refractive anomalies. The aim of this study was to determine the curvature and thickness of donor corneas to support proper selection in the eye bank.
Methods 704 donor corneas (Klaus Faber Center, LIONS Eye Bank Saar-Lor-Lux, Trier/Westpfalz, in Homburg/Saar) were measured using the anterior segment optical coherence tomograph (AS-OCT) CASIA 2 (Tomey Corp., Nagoya, Japan). The corneoscleral discs were measured in their cell culture flask, which was positioned in a holder on the chin rest of the AS-OCT, after conversion to medium II (with 6% dextran T-500). The measured raw data were analysed and processed in MATLAB (MathWorks Inc., Natick, Massachusetts, USA), after which the refractive power of the steep and flat meridian at the anterior and posterior surface and the central corneal thickness (CCT) of the donor corneas were determined. Results values are expressed as mean x̅ ± standard deviation SD.
Results The mean refractive power of the steep/flat meridian at the anterior surface was 45.4 ± 1.8 D/44.0 ± 1.3 D, the corresponding values for the posterior surface were − 6.2 ± 0.3 D/− 5.9 ± 0.2 D, and the mean CCT was 616.3 ± 85.1 µm. Of the 704 (100%) measured donor tissues, 590 (83.8%)/670 (95.2%) donor corneas showed no anomaly beyond respectively x̅ ± 2 SD/x̅ ± 3 SD among the 5 examined parameters. 72 (10.3%)/23 (3.3%) donor corneas had only 1 anomaly, 26 (3.7%)/10 (1.4%) had 2 anomalies, 10 (1.4%)/1 (0.1%), 3 anomalies, 5 (0.7%)/0 (0.0%), 4 anomalies, and 1 (0.1%)/0 (0.0%), 5 anomalies.
Conclusions AS-OCT provides an objective and sterile screening method to identify corneal tissues with curvature anomalies in order to further optimise donor selection in the eye bank. To avoid postoperative refractive surprises, donor corneas with a total refractive power that deviates > ± 3 SD from the mean should not be used for penetrating or anterior lamellar keratoplasty, but may be suitable for posterior lamellar keratoplasty (DMEK or DSAEK). In the future, sterile donor tomography could enable: (1) the harmonisation of donor and recipient tomography, which may minimise residual astigmatism for a particular donor-recipient pair; and (2) the improvement of IOL power calculation in a classical triple procedure by means of regression analysis between pre- and postoperative total refractive power of corneal grafts.
Reversible linksventrikuläre Muskelhypertrophie und Herzversagen durch vermutete Myokarditis bei einer Katze im Zuge einer FLUTD
Authors: Sinzinger Sonja 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungEin 2,5-jähriger, kastrierter Europäisch-Kurzhaar-Kater, der 8 Tage zuvor wegen einer FLUTD behandelt worden war, wurde nachts aufgrund Apathie und Anorexie vorgestellt. Röntgenaufnahmen, EKG, Blutdruckmessung und Echokardiografie ergaben linksventrikuläres kongestives Herzversagen, linksventrikuläre konzentrische Muskelhypertrophie, Vorhofstauung links, fortgeschrittene diastolische Dysfunktion, Hypotension und vagotonusabhängige Sinusbradykardie mit AV-Block 1. Grades und Rechtsschenkelblock. NT-ProBNP- und Troponin-I-Konzentrationen waren stark erhöht (NT-ProBNP > 1500 pmol/l, Troponin I 32,87 ng/ml). Die Verdachtsdiagnose lautete akute Myokarditis. Die PCR auf Bartonella henselae verlief negativ, für Toxoplasma gondii wurden ein negativer IgM- und ein IgG-Antikörpertiter von 1:32 (Referenzbereich < 1:32) bestimmt, eine spätere Kontrolle des IgG-Titers lieferte einen negativen Befund. FeLV- und FIV-Schnelltest waren negativ. Ein Test auf Coronavirus erfolgte nicht, da die Katze geimpft war. Eine metastatische Infektion von dem zuvor aus dem Harn isolierten Keim Proteus mirabilis erschien möglich. In Erwägung gezogen wurde auch eine Überempfindlichkeitsreaktion auf Medikamente oder eine stressinduzierte Myokarditis. Die Katze wurde stationär mit Furosemid (initial und später im Verlauf), Theophyllin initial, Dauertropfinfusion von Ringer-Laktat-Lösung, Pimobendan und Zusatz von Enrofloxacin zur bestehenden Gabe von Amoxicillin/Clavulansäure behandelt. Nach 4 Tagen zeigte der Patient ein gutes Allgemeinbefinden und einen Blutdruck im Referenzbereich. Die linksventrikuläre Muskelhypertrophie war rückläufig, die diastolische Dysfunktion und die Vorhofstauung hielten an. Im Verlauf von 8 Wochen normalisierten sich die echokardiografischen Befunde und die Herzmarker weitestgehend. Alle Medikamente konnten sukzessive abgesetzt werden. Bei der Abschlussuntersuchung nach 7 Monaten ließen sich keine kardialen Veränderungen mehr nachweisen.
Semiquantitative Criteria in the Eye Bank That Correlate with Cornea Guttata in Donor Corneas
Authors: Safi Tarek , Daas Loay , Kiefer Gian-Luca , Sharma Mansi , Ndiaye Alassane , Deru Matthieu , Alexandersson Jan , Seitz Berthold 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground Cornea guttata may not be recognized in the eye bank and recent studies have displayed that guttae are transplanted in about 15% of cases in varying severities. The purpose of this study was to establish semiquantitative criteria for the detection of cornea guttata in donor corneas in the eye bank.Methods In this retrospective cohort study, preoperative endothelial pictures of donor corneas were collected and classified according to the post-penetrating keratoplasty cornea guttata grade into three distinct groups: group 1 consists of healthy corneas with no guttae (guttata grade 0); group 2 constitutes corneas with mild asymptomatic cornea guttata (guttata grade +); and group 3 comprises corneas with advanced widespread cornea guttata (guttata grade ++/+++/++++). The preoperative pictures of each group were then individually analyzed using the following five semiquantitative criteria: The number and the area of the cell-depleted surfaces, the presence of less than 50% of the cells having a hexagonal or a circular shape, the presence of cell membrane defects and interruptions, the presence of blebs in the cell membrane, and the presence of groups of cells with a distinct whitish color.Results In total, 262 patients were included in this study, with a total number of 1582 preoperative donor corneal endothelial pictures. Out of those pictures, groups 1, 2, and 3 encompassed 995 (62.9%), 411 (26.0%), and 176 (11.1%) pictures, respectively. Three out of the five eye bank criteria were found to correlate with postoperative cornea guttata with a highly significant p value of < 0.001. These three criteria are the presence of less than 50% of the cells having a hexagonal or a circular shape, the presence of cell membrane defects and interruptions and, the presence of blebs. The presence of groups of cells with a distinct whitish color was only a weak predictive factor for cornea guttata (p = 0.069). There was no statistically significant correlation between the number and the area of cell-depleted surfaces and postoperative cornea guttata with a p = 0.181.Conclusion Three semiquantitative criteria that can be detected in the eye bank using inverted light microscopy seem to correlate with postoperative cornea guttata: The presence of blebs, the presence of cell membrane defects and interruptions, as well as endothelial pictures with less than 50% of the cells having a hexagonal of circular shape. The presence of groups of cells with a distinct whitish color appears to be a weak predictor of cornea guttata.
Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Depression. II: Evidence from Clinical Trials
Authors: Moragrega Inés , Ríos José Luis 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDepression is a syndrome characterized by deep sadness and the inhibition of psychic functions, sometimes accompanied by neurovegetative disorders, with symptoms of anxiety almost always present. The disease produces alterations in a variety of neural networks and neurotransmission systems, along with a dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which leads to concomitant alterations in the immunological response. Generally, there is a parallel increase in proinflammatory mediators as well as oxidative and nitrosative damage caused by a reduction of antioxidant defenses. In a previous review, we compiled and examined studies of medicinal plants that had been evaluated in preclinical assays, including existing data on 155 species studied and reported as antidepressants or as sources of active principles for treating this condition. This review will thus limit its focus to the 95 clinical trials found in PubMed among the 670 articles on antidepressant-like
medicinal plants. To this end, we have reviewed the publications cited in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PubMed, and the Science Citation Index from 2000 to 2020. Our review emphasizes those species that have demonstrated the greatest pharmacological potential when studied for their antidepressant properties in humans through clinical trials. Saffron, turmeric, St. Johnʼs wort, ginkgo, kava, and golden root are the most relevant plants that have provided important evidence for the treatment of depression in clinical trials.
Der Einfluss des Kapseldefektes als Risikofaktor für die Rezidivbildung beim pleomorphen Adenom der Glandula parotidea
Authors: Buchta Peter , Thimsen Vivian , Iro Ann-Kristin , Agaimy Abbas , Iro Heinrich , Mantsopoulos Konstantinos 
Published: June 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, verschiedene Aspekte des Kapseldefekts eines pleomorphen Adenoms zu beleuchten und den Einfluss dieses Faktors mithilfe der vorliegenden Daten und der relevanten Literatur auf das Rezidivrisiko zu analysieren.
Material und Methoden Es handelt sich um eine retrospektive Analyse aller Patienten, welche zwischen 2005 und 2020 bei einem pleomorphen Adenom der Glandula parotidea behandelt wurden. Es erfolgte eine erneute histopathologische Untersuchung der Paraffinblöcke aller Fälle sowie eine Analyse der patientenbezogenen Daten, des Ausmaßes des primären operativen Eingriffs und des Rezidivrisikos. Die Nachsorgeuntersuchung erfolgte im Sinne einer klinischen und sonografischen Untersuchung.
Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden 845 Patienten in einer Datenbank erfasst. Hierunter fanden sich 7 (0,8 %) Rezidive, jedoch alle bei „in sano“ resezierten Tumoren. Positive Ränder zeigten sich in 37 Fällen (4,4 %). Bei 13 der 37 Fälle war dies intraoperativ festgestellt worden, wohingegen der Defekt bei 24 der 37 Fälle erst histopathologisch identifiziert wurde. Bei den 13 Fällen der makroskopischen Tumoreröffnung wurde in 2 Fällen bei der sonografischen Untersuchung der Verdacht auf ein unilokuläres Rezidiv des pleomorphen Adenoms gestellt, welches zunächst sonografisch kontrolliert wurde.
Schlussfolgerung Die positiven Ränder beim parotidealen pleomorphen Adenom scheinen nicht zwangsläufig zum vorprogrammierten Rezidiv zu führen.
Recent Advances in the Construction of Quaternary Stereocenters via Palladium-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation
Authors: Yu Xinhui , Zhang Ting , Liu Jitian , Li Xiaoxun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPalladium-catalyzed decarboxylative asymmetric allylic alkylation (DAAA) provides an efficient and powerful strategy to construct quaternary stereocenters, which are widely present in biologically active natural products and approved drugs. In this short review, we summarize recent developments (since 2018) in the facile synthesis of quaternary stereocenters via DAAA methods. Several representative examples of the use of DAAA strategies for the total synthesis of complex natural products further demonstrate its synthetic potential in the realm of organic and medicinal chemistry.1	Introduction2	Construction of Quaternary Stereocenters via Palladium	Catalyzed DAAA3	Construction of Quaternary Stereocenters via Pd-Catalyzed	Interceptive DAAA4	Application of DAAA in Natural Product Synthesis5	Conclusion
DABCO-Promoted [3+2] Annulation for Efficient Synthesis of 1,2,5-Triaryl-1H-imidazoles from Substituted β-Nitrostyrenes and N-Arylbenzimidamides
Authors: Wang Cunde , Zhang Yue , Wan Xinyi , Gan Jianbo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAn efficient approach to the synthesis of 1,2,5-trisubstituted imidazole derivatives was investigated via a DABCO-promoted formal [3+2]-annulation reaction of substituted N-arylbenzimidamides and substituted β-nitrostyrenes. The annulation reaction is implemented easily to afford the corresponding products in moderate to good yields with excellent regioselectivity.
Elemental Sulfur Mediated Synthesis of Pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines from 1-(2-Nitroaryl)pyrroles
Authors: Nguyen Tung T. , Phan Nam T. S. , Ho Tuan H. , Phan Nhu T. A. , Ho Thuyen T. C. , Tran Duyen L. M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMethods to afford pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines often require the use of prefunctionalized aniline precursors, transition metals, and/or harsh conditions. Herein we describe a simple coupling of 1-(2-nitroaryl)pyrroles and arylacetic acids, in the presence of elemental sulfur, to furnish the fused heterocycles in good yields. The conditions are compatible with many functionalities including ester, nitrile, halogen, and nitro groups. Use of benzyl alcohols and picoline coupling reagents was also attempted.
Prostatic Artery Embolization for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Anatomical Aspects and Radiation Considerations from a Case Series of 210 Patients
Authors: Shaker Mohamed , Hashem Essam , Abdelrahman Ahmed , Okba Ahmed 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Context Prostatic artery embolization (PAE) has been established as a safe and effective treatment option for symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Thorough knowledge of detailed prostatic artery (PA) anatomy is essential.
Aims The aim of this study was to provide a pictorial review of PA anatomy and prevalence of related anatomical variants, in addition to other anatomical and radiation dose considerations.
Settings and Design Case series and review of literature.
Materials and Methods We performed PAE for 210 patients from November 2015 to November 2020 under local anesthesia only. Anatomy, procedure duration, fluoroscopy time, radiation dose, technical success, and complications were analyzed.
Statistical Analysis Used Descriptive statistics were analyzed using Microsoft Excel software.
Results A total of 210 patients (420 sides) were analyzed. Double arterial supply on the same side was noted in 12 patients (5.7%). In 10 patients (4.7%), only a unilateral PA was identified. In two patients (0.9%), no PA could be identified. Frequencies of PA origins were calculated. Penile, rectal, and vesical anastomoses were identified with 79 (18.8%), 54 (12.9%), and 41 (9.8%) of PAs, respectively. Median skin radiation dose, procedure time, and fluoroscopy time were 505 mGy, 73 and 38 minutes, respectively. Complications occurred in nine patients (4.3%), none of them was major.
Conclusions Knowledge of PA anatomy is essential when treating BPH by PAE for optimum results. There is no enough evidence to support routine use of preoperative computed tomography angiography and intraoperative cone-beam computed tomography as means of improving safety or efficacy.
Postauricular Tubed Flap in the Reconstruction of Auricular Margin Defects: Revisited
Authors: Sinha Aparna , Baranwal Shilpi , Babu Vaddi Suman , Jha Manoj Kumar 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background Reconstruction of the auricular margin defects is challenging due to the ear’s intricate architecture. Tubed flap raised from the postauricular area is a simple and reliable option for reconstructing marginal defects.
Methods Eight patients with various auricular margin defects were reconstructed, using a postauricular tubed flap in a staged manner. Parameters like flap survival, reliability, complications, and cosmesis were assessed.
Results Out of eight patients, one patient had marginal necrosis, which was managed with debridement and lengthening of the flap. All the flaps settled well with a good aesthetic outcome.
Conclusion Postauricular tubed flap is a reliable and efficient method for reconstructing auricular margin defects.
Liquid structure and dynamics in the choline acetate:urea 1:2 deep eutectic solvent
Authors: Triolo Alessandro , Di Pietro Maria Enrica , Mele Andrea , Lo Celso Fabrizio , Brehm Martin , Di Lisio Valerio , Martinelli Andrea , Chater Philip , Russina Olga 
Published: June 2021

We report on the thermodynamic, structural, and dynamic properties of a recently proposed deep eutectic solvent, formed by choline acetate (ChAc) and urea (U) at the stoichiometric ratio 1:2, hereinafter indicated as ChAc:U. Although the crystalline phase melts at 36–38 °C depending on the heating rate, ChAc:U can be easily supercooled at sub-ambient conditions, thus maintaining at the liquid state, with a glass–liquid transition at about −50 °C. Synchrotron high energy x-ray scattering experiments provide the experimental data for supporting a reverse Monte Carlo analysis to extract structural information at the atomistic level. This exploration of the liquid structure of ChAc:U reveals the major role played by hydrogen bonding in determining interspecies correlations: both acetate and urea are strong hydrogen bond acceptor sites, while both choline hydroxyl and urea act as HB donors. All ChAc:U moieties are involved in mutual interactions, with acetate and urea strongly interacting through hydrogen bonding, while choline being mostly involved in van der Waals mediated interactions. Such a structural situation is mirrored by the dynamic evidences obtained by means of 1H nuclear magnetic resonance techniques, which show how urea and acetate species experience higher translational activation energy than choline, fingerprinting their stronger commitments into the extended hydrogen bonding network established in ChAc:U.
Investigation of multi-layered graphene/silicon Schottky junction in oxidizing atmosphere
Authors: Ricciardella Filiberto , Nigro Maria Arcangela , Miscioscia Riccardo , Miglietta Maria Lucia , Polichetti Tiziana 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this study, we investigate a Schottky junction based on solution-processed multilayered graphene (MLG). We present a rectifying device obtained with a straightforward approach, that is drop-casting a few microliters of MLG solution simultaneously onto Si, Si–SiO2 and Si–SiO2–Cr/Au surface. Monitoring the modulation of Schottky barrier height while operating in reverse bias, we study the behavior of such prepared MLG-Si/junction (MLG-Si/J) when exposed to oxidizing atmosphere, especially to nitrogen oxide (NO2). We finally compare the sensing behavior of MLG-Si/J at 1 ppm of NO2 with that of a chemiresistor-based on similarly prepared solution-processed MLG. Our study thus opens the path towards low-cost highly sensitive graphene-based heterojunctions advantageously fabricated without any complexity in the technological process.