bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and fabrication of electrospun Morinda citrifolia-based nanofibrous scaffold as skin wound dressing material: in vitro and in silico analysis
Authors: Ekambaram Rajalakshmi , Sugumar Moogambigai , Swaminathan Elamathi , Micheal Raj Arul Princy , Dharmalingam Sangeetha 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Wound healing is an urgent problem that impacts quality of life, and the need for biomaterials suitable for the treatment of skin wound healing disease is increasing annually. Innovative biomaterials and treatments for skin abrasions are being relentlessly researched and established in order to improve treatment efficacy. Here, we describe a novel electrospun polymeric nanofibrous scaffold enriched with pharmaceutical bioactive materials extracted from Morinda citrifolia (MC), which demonstrated efficient skin wound healing therapy due to its excellent human skin keratinocyte proliferation and adhesion in in vitro analysis. Surface morphological analysis was used to reveal the nano-architectural structure of the electrospun scaffolds. The fabricated nanofibers displayed good antibacterial efficacy by creating an inhibitory zone for the pathogenic microbes studied. MC supported active healing due to the presence of pharmaceuticals associated with wound healing, as revealed by the results of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and the prediction of activity spectra for substances (PASS) analysis. Since MC is a multi-potential therapeutic herbal plant, it was found that the linoleic acid, olelic acid, and diethyl phthalate present in the extract supported the wound healing proteins glycogen-synthase-kinase-3-β-protein and Protein Data Bank—1Q5K with binding energies of −4.6, −5.2, and −5.9 kcal mol−1, as established by the results of in silico analysis. Thus, by being hydrophilic in nature, targeting wound proteins, increasing the proliferation and adhesion of keratinocytes and combating pathogens, the nanofibrous scaffolds endowed with MC extract proved to be an effective therapeutic material for skin wound dressing applications.
Anthropogenic aerosols prolong fog lifetime in China
Authors: Quan Jiannong , Liu Yangang , Jia Xingcan , Liu Lin , Dou Youjun , Xin Jinyuan , Seinfeld John H 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Investigation of aerosol effects on fog with long-term measurements has generally focused on fog occurrence frequency and intensity; here we examine the effects on fog lifetime, fog formation, and fog dissipation. From analysis of 52 years (1960–2011) of data collected at 404 stations in China, it is found that fog lifetime exhibits a clear increasing trend with time, and the increased lifetime is mainly attributable to delayed fog dissipation. Increased aerosol levels and global warming affect fog lifetime in opposite ways; increased aerosol levels serve to prolong fog lifetime by primarily delaying fog dissipation, whereas warming decreases fog lifetime by primarily delaying fog formation. The overall aerosol effect on fog lifetime in China is shown to predominate, especially in the highly polluted region of Eastern China. The observational findings are confirmed by a suite of WRF-Chem simulations that reveal the influences of both increased aerosol levels and temperatures through a complex chain of interactions among microphysical, dynamical, thermodynamic, and radiative processes.
Digital cities and interactive stakeholder policy
Authors: Frolov D P , Strekalova A S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The paper reveals the evolution of digital development of modern cities in the context of new industrialization. Urban digitalization is being reassessed as a process of formation of a hybrid socio-economic system, with the leading role of institutions and institutional mechanisms of a novel type. Service industries are shown to be the main institutional models for development of the digitalized urban economy. A proactive institutional policy of digitalization is substantiated. The specificity of the effects of urban digitalization is described explicitly. The framework of a smart city’s interactive stakeholder policy is theorized.
The process of capital accumulation in a digital ecosystem: theoretical and methodological aspects
Authors: Matveev Yu V , Stepanova T E , Polyakov R K 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The paper presents a theoretical and methodological analysis of the process of capital accumulation in the conditions of formation of a new civilization. The core of this civilization is the production mode as a set of productive forces that are in a contradictory unity with production-economic and eco-social relations, which reflect the contradictory relationship between production and consumption, namely, in their prerequisites, conditions, implementation, results and forms of manifestation.
Creative potential in the development of national ecosystems
Authors: Brizhak O V , Romanets I I 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The scientific problem of involving creative potential in development of national ecosystems in current conditions of deep technological transformations is becoming more and more relevant and in demand. The creative potential of ecosystems is a powerful intellectual force that transforms and cognizes modern ecosystems, generates qualitatively new ideas to meet the challenges of the new economic reality and is capable of creating effective capital combinations based on these ideas. The authors focus on conceptual representation of the ecosystem as one of the progressive ways to organize economic activity and its components, formation and use of creative potential within national ecosystems, the value of intellectual capital as a capitalized value of the human creative potential, and creation of adequate mechanisms to involve creative people in self-development of national ecosystems. Through the prism of the pursuit of strategy for incorporation of a high-quality human creative potential into the Russian economy, the authors consider the key challenges and contradictions of modern transformations on the path to innovative ecosystem development, assess vectors of productive cooperation, experience exchange between Russian and foreign creative industries and recognition of significance of the creative sector in economic, social and institutional processes of local ecosystem development, and offer practical tools for problem solution at different levels of socio-economic transformations.
Institutional hybrids in the Russian economy
Authors: Stepanova T E , Manokhina N V , Polyakov R K 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
For the first time in domestic science, the macroeconomic study reported in this paper investigates institutional hybrids with regard to the country-specific features of a particular economy – the Russian ecosystem. Institutional hybrids immanent to the Russian ecosystem, their content and forms of manifestation, which are continuously reproduced and driven by conditions and specificity of the Russian ecosystem, are analyzed. It is concluded that the Russian ecosystem does not comply with the institutional matrix X and does not correspond to the institutional matrix Y, its modern institutional framework largely depends on the existing institutional hybrids.
Metamorphoses of the territorial community through the prism of the theory of generations
Authors: Kostrikova N A , Ogiy O G , Ya Yafasov A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The paper considers the processes, main factors and features of the formation and development of human resources in Kaliningrad region in the context of metamorphosis of socio-economic systems. The object of research is metamorphosis in socio-economic systems, and the subject of research is human capital as the basis for changes in these systems. The authors attempted to study the development trends of the socio-economic system of an individual in order to identify local groups of people, communities, whose ‘genetic’ memory and intelligence form the present and the future. Three metamorphoses are identified in the history of Kaliningrad region: in the period of 1945–1950, in 1991–1996, and the metamorphosis that has started in recent years and is associated with Hi-Tech development, digitalization of the economy and harmonization of the life of people. Harmonization of society in the 21st century is based on digital and technological platforms, revolutionary changes in biotechnology, energy, transport, and contactless communications within the concept of an inevitable transition from digital economy to the economy of wisdom. The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the process of the ongoing metamorphosis and showed its necessity and lack of alternatives. The authors considered the relationship between migration flows and changes in the regional socio-economic system and concluded that metamorphoses are inevitable for harmonization of the life of regional societies. The study of the unique experience of the Kaliningrad society, which is in a state of permanent experiment, can help to find explanations and approaches to the control of transformation processes.
Contribution of human capital to the economic potential of the region
Authors: Ogiy O G , Kuzin V I , Harin A G 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Rapid technological renewal and digitalization of the economy entail transformation of labor relations and an intensive change in the content of labor. The current reality forces us to revise our views on methods of assessing the social and labor sphere and the human factor in the economy. Human capital is regarded as a generally recognized factor in social and economic development. The results of numerous studies of human capital do not yet provide an unambiguous answer about the degree of its direct impact on the nature and dynamics of economic growth. At the same time, a review of the results of many empirical studies yields a conclusion about a stable relationship between human capital and the dynamics of economic development. In the study of human capital, the significance of the region is very high, since the behavioral, activity and systemic characteristics of the development of society, including economic potential, are formed primarily at this level. To identify the prerequisites and conditions that affect the formation of regional human capital, the analysis of the state and development trends of human capital should be supplemented with the characteristics of the socio-economic environment, where this process takes place. The authors use an updated version of the MRW model to assess the contribution of the human capital in Kaliningrad region, the Russian exclave, to its socio-economic development, and to determine the parameters of the socio-economic development of the region that can be treated as an integral part of its human capital. The accumulated human capital realized through labor potential becomes in turn a key factor in the economic development.
Analysis of the prospects for increasing non-resource exports of the Russian Federation through reduction of technical barriers to marketing organic products in foreign markets
Authors: Savenkova E V , Lebedeva A V , Adarchenko I A , Kurbatova A I 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The paper analyzes the possibility of reducing technical barriers to marketing organic food in China, examines state regulators of the certification system and standards currently in force in China for various types of organic products. The possibility of recognition of the Russian organic product certification in China is analyzed. The requirements for organic products certification bodies established in China are studied.
The efficiency improvement of faecal sludge management with rate increase of biodegradation in septic tanks and pit latrines
Authors: Basamykina A , Kharlamova M , Burka M , Lukanin A , Savenkova E 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The article discusses the environmental and economic aspects of faecal sludge management in an individual residential sector, proposes approaches to solving the problem, discusses findings in improving the effectiveness of the biodegradation rate of faecal sludge and domestic wastewater in a septic tank, and evaluates the using adequacy of biological additives for accelerating faecal sludge biodegradation.
Control method of wind-solar low power energy plant
Authors: Zakharov A I , Chizhma S N , Gribkov S V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The approach to providing private households, remote industrial objects and other consumers with electric power by hybrid renewable energy power plants is much of interest nowadays. Thus, it is currently important to synthesize control algorithms for increasing energy efficiency of hybrid renewable energy power plants. Control algorithms have to ensure efficient performance and provide maximization of electric generator parameters. Moreover, one of the objectives of control algorithms is limitation of generated power to secure nominal operational parameters of plant’s elements. It is required that controllers of different parts of hybrid energy plants operate consistently.
Vertical-axis wind turbines. Design technique
Authors: Gribkov S V , Chizhma S N 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The paper highlights the prospects for development of vertical-axis wind turbines in the world and in Russia. Vertical-axis wind turbines are considered, and their general characteristics and their advantages and disadvantages are provided. The results of experimental studies in the wind tunnel and mathematical analysis of the impact of interaction of individual structural components on the wind turbine output characteristics are reported, and recommendations on the choice of x design parameters of wind turbines to improve energy performance are elaborated.
Connection and operation of wind farms as part of electric power-supply systems through the example of Kaliningrad region
Authors: Beley V F , Reshetnikov G A , Harzfeld E 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The issues of connecting wind power plants (WPP) to the power-supply system and their joint operation are currently gaining relevance due to the growth of their capacities and an abruptly variable pattern of its delivery to the grid. The paper presents the analysis of standards, recommendations and regulations related to connection and operation of WPPs as part of the power-supply system. The developed mathematical model of the Ushakovskaya WPP is used to analyze its main operating modes. Practical recommendations for changing the scheme of power generation of the plant at increased capacity are given with due regard to the standard requirements.
Digital platform for management of the regional power grid consumption
Authors: Gnatyuk V I , Kivchun O R , Lutsenko D V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
One of the trends in the current energy transition is decentralization of power management and diversification of power generating facilities in terms of both the level and the amount of installed capacity. This puts forward new requirements for interaction of the consumer who owns the pool of electric power equipment with the power supply company. One of the foundations of this interaction is power management and monitoring. An increased number and type of receivers and sources of electricity, and significantly increased data flows on energy consumption necessitates an appropriate digital platform to solve problems of energy consumption management and monitoring. The digital platform determines an appropriate environment for interaction between the consumer and the power supply company, and most significantly, the conditions for improved energy efficiency of the entire process of generation, transmission and consumption of electricity.
Assessment of antimicrobial and antioxidant components of Inonotus obliquus extract as a food ingredient
Authors: Milyuhina A K , Zabodalova L A , Kyzdarbek U , Romazyaeva I R , Kurbonova M K 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Inonotus Obliquus or Tinder fungus is widely used in folk medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, for the prevention of cancer. It is widely known to be rich in polyphenolic substances. This study was designed to determine antioxidant and antibacterial potential. The objects of research are the aqueous extracts of chaga obtained by remaceration and microwave radiation in concentrations of 5, 50, 100, 200 g / dm3. It has been proven that aqueous extracts obtained using microwave radiation have a more pronounced antioxidant and antimicrobial effect in comparison with samples obtained only by remaceration.
Impact of the nitrate concentration on the biomass growth and the fatty acid profiles of microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana
Authors: Toumi A , Politaeva N A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Chlorella sorokiniana microalga is one of the species of interest that could be used for the production of valuable compounds such as lipids. Nitrogen stress is a common strategy used to enhance the lipid content in microalgae biomass. The present study compares the effects of several nitrate concentrations in the cultivation medium on the growth and fatty acid composition of the biomass of Chlorella sorokiniana. Results show that nitrogen starvation negatively impacts the growth of the biomass while nitrate repletion increased the biomass growth rates. The effect of initial concentrations of KNO3 from 0.1 g/l to 0.3 g/l did not show significant differences on the biomass productivity. Higher concentrations of KNO3 (0.4 g/l) are shown to decrease the yields of biomass. The highest yield of total lipids (25%) was obtained from the biomass grown under nitrogen deficiency, followed by the biomass grown in the medium containing 0.3 g/l of nitrates (23%). The study of the fatty acid profiles showed that nitrogen starvation decreased the accumulation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), especially omega-3 (linolenic acid), and increased the concentration of trans and saturated fatty acids. This cultivation strategy could be more suitable for the production of biodiesel. For the food and feed industry, the presence of nitrogen in the cultivation medium could be preferable as; in this case, the biomass cumulates higher concentrations of linolenic acid.
Evaluation of the balance of oils from fish by-products
Authors: Agafonova S V , Mezenova O Y , Volkov V V , Rykov A I 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Fish by-products is a promising raw material for fish oil extraction, which is a source of polyunsaturated fatty acids, including omega-3 and omega-6 classes. Gas chromatography method was used to study the fatty acid composition of oils extracted from six types of fish by-products including heads, ridges and internal organs of Atlantic mackerel, Baltic herring, fresh Baltic sprat, heads and ridges of Atlantic salmon and heads of fresh herring and smoked sprat. The highest content of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids was found in mackerel and herring processing by-products – 43.6 and 49.6 %, respectively. The coefficients of oil balance are calculated. The coefficient of rationality of the fatty acid composition, which reflects the degree of compliance of oil with the “ideal” lipid for human nutrition was the highest for sprat oil (0.87 units fraction). Sprat oil is characterized by the most favorable ratio of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, since the coefficient of biological efficiency is as close as possible to 1. The coefficients of rationality of the fatty acid composition of other oils are reduced due to the significant predominance of omega-3 fatty acids. It is promising to use the studied oils to optimize the fatty acid composition of products based on animal fats and vegetable oils, which are characterized by a high content of omega-6 fatty acids.
Study of the in vitro degradation dynamics of the encapsulated PAL enzyme preparation in model biological fluids
Authors: Babich O O , Yu Prosekov A , Dyshlyuk L S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The use of PAL in the phenylketonuria treatment is hindered by the lack of well-studied mechanisms and systems of targeted transport of enzyme preparations to certain organs and tissues (brain, liver, skin, muscle and connective tissues, blood cells). It is known that as a result of the incorporation of any pharmaceutical composition into the composition of the carrier, the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drug change. The essence of the enzyme stabilization process is to increase and maintain the catalytic activity of proteins, increase the duration of the catalytic action of enzymes on the substrate, change the optimal temperature and active acidity, increase productivity, as well as change the temporary effect of enzymes on the substrate in order to transform into an end product of the reaction. When stabilizing enzymes, encapsulation is preferred due to the fact that this method provides a high stability of enzymes under the influence of low temperature and low acidity of the environment, as well as the effect of harmful microflora and oxygen. It was proven that the degradation degree of capsules with PAL reaches 55–65% after 120 minutes of the experiment in distilled water. The maximum degradation of the encapsulated form of the PAL enzyme preparation (the proportion of capsule weight loss is 90–98%) occurs in model biorelevant media that mimic intestinal juice: SIF and FaSSIF. It should be noted that the rate of capsule degradation is higher in the simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) without pancreatin (the proportion of capsule weight loss is 92–98% after 15 minutes of the experiment) compared to the fasted state simulated intestinal fluid (FaSSIF) (the proportion of capsule weight loss is 90-97 % after 30 min of experiment).
In vitro study of the antioxidant activity of extracts from dried biomass of callus, cell suspension, and root cultures
Authors: Babich O O , Skrypnik L N , Pungin A V 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe most promising sources of antioxidants are plant objects that contain natural antioxidants such as polyphenols, carotenoids, and vitamins. The paper studies the antioxidant activity of extracts from dried biomass of callus, suspension cell cultures, and root culturesin vitro. The study of the antioxidant activity of plant extracts showed that the maximum antioxidant activity (250.6 mg AA/g) is possessed by extracts from the dried biomass ofin vitrohyssop root cultures. According to this indicator, extracts from dried biomass of hyssop hairy exceed extracts from dried biomass of Amur maakia root cultures by 2.23 times, and extracts from dried biomass of Siler root cultures by 5.61 times. Extracts from the dried biomass ofin vitrocallus, cell suspension, and root cultures of Siler do not possess high antioxidant activity, which varies from 16.56 to 44.66 mg AA/g. The maximum indicator of antioxidant activity for this medicinal plant is observed in extracts from dried biomass ofin vitroroot cultures. For extracts from dried biomass ofin vitrocallus, cell suspension and root cultures of Amur maakia, the range of antioxidant activity indices is from 85.40 mg AA/g to 112.33 mg AA/g. The maximum antioxidant activity was observed in extracts from dried biomass ofin vitroroot cultures. A higher accumulation of anthocyanins was also found in the callus culture ofMalus sieversii f. niedzwetzkyanacultured on a nutrient medium containing both auxins and cytokinins.