bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resetting directional couplers for high-fidelity quantum photonic integrated chips
Authors: Yu Feng , Tian Zhen-Nan , Piacentini Simone , Li Xiao-Yan , Chen Qi-Dai , Osellame Roberto , Sun Hong-Bo 
Published: September 2021

In this Letter, we propose a fabrication technique based on femtosecond laser secondary direct writing (FsLSDW) that allows us to statically reset the beam-splitting ratio of directional couplers. By modifying the interaction region with a second inscription, the coupling coefficient of the reconstructed devices can be indeed changed continuously within the range of 0.49–2.1 rad/mm, thus enabling a complete tunability of the reconstructed splitting ratio from zero to full power transfer between the waveguides. This powerful reconstruction capability facilitates the arbitrary reset of an imperfect device, from any initial splitting ratio to the correct one. In the future, such static control method could potentially solve the fabrication error problem in the manufacturing of high-fidelity large-scale integrated photonic quantum chips.
Use of medicinal plants for COVID-19 prevention and respiratory symptom treatment during the pandemic in Cusco, Peru: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Villena-Tejada Magaly , Vera-Ferchau Ingrid , Cardona-Rivero Anahí , Zamalloa-Cornejo Rina , Quispe-Florez Maritza , Frisancho-Triveño Zany , Abarca-Meléndez Rosario C. , Alvarez-Sucari Susan G. , Mejia Christian R. , Yañez Jaime A. 
Published: September 2021

Background
The burden of the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru has led to people seeking alternative treatments as preventives and treatment options such as medicinal plants. This study aimed to assess factors associated with the use of medicinal plants as preventive or treatment of respiratory symptom related to COVID-19 during the pandemic in Cusco, Peru.

Method
A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted on general public (20- to 70-year-old) from August 31 to September 20, 2020. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire via Google Forms, it consisted of an 11-item questionnaire that was developed and validated by expert judgment using Aiken’s V (Aiken’s V > 0.9). Both descriptive statistics and bivariate followed by multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess factors associated with the use of medicinal plants for COVID-19 prevention and respiratory symptom treatment during the pandemic. Prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI), and a P-value of 0.05 was used to determine statistical significance.

Results
A total of 1,747 respondents participated in the study, 80.2% reported that they used medicinal plants as preventives, while 71% reported that they used them to treat respiratory symptoms. At least, 24% of respondents used medicinal plants when presenting with two or more respiratory symptoms, while at least 11% used plants for malaise. For treatment or prevention, the multivariate analysis showed that most respondents used eucalyptus (p < 0.001 for both), ginger (p < 0.022 for both), spiked pepper (p < 0.003 for both), garlic (p = 0.023 for prevention), and chamomile (p = 0.011 for treatment). The respondents with COVID-19 (p < 0.001), at older ages (p = 0.046), and with a family member or friend who had COVID-19 (p < 0.001) used more plants for prevention. However, the respondents with technical or higher education used less plants for treatment (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
There was a significant use of medicinal plants for both prevention and treatment, which was associated with several population characteristics and whether respondents had COVID-19.
Right ventricular function and vasoactive peptides for early prediction of bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Authors: Neumann Roland P. , Schulzke Sven M. , Pohl Christian , Wellmann Sven , Metze Boris , Burdensky Ann-Katrin , Boos Vinzenz , Barikbin Payman , Bührer Christoph , Czernik Christoph 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundTo assess the prognostic value of early echocardiographic indices of right ventricular function and vasoactive peptides for prediction of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) or death in very preterm infants.MethodsProspective study involving 294 very preterm infants (median [IQR] gestational age 28.4 [26.4–30.4] weeks, birth weight 1065 [800–1380] g), of whom 57 developed BPD (oxygen supplementation at 36 weeks postmenstrual age) and 10 died. Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), right ventricular index of myocardial performance (RIMP), plasma concentrations of mid-regional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP) and C-terminal pro-endothelin-1 (CT-proET1) were measured on day 7 of life.ResultsRIMP was significantly increased (median [IQR] 0.3 [0.23–0.38] vs 0.22 [0.15–0.29]), TAPSE decreased (median [IQR] 5.0 [5.0–6.0] vs 6.0 [5.4–7.0] mm), MR-proANP increased (median [IQR] 784 [540–936] vs 353 [247–625] pmol/L), and CT-proET1 increased (median [IQR] 249 [190–345] vs 199 [158–284] pmol/L) in infants who developed BPD or died, as compared to controls. All variables showed significant but weak correlations with each other (rS-0.182 to 0.359) and predicted BPD/death with similar accuracy (areas under receiver operator characteristic curves 0.62 to 0.77). Multiple regression revealed only RIMP and birth weight as independent predictors of BPD or death.ConclusionsVasoactive peptide concentrations and echocardiographic assessment employing standardized measures, notably RIMP, on day 7 of life are useful to identify preterm infants at increased risk for BPD or death.
Creating safe spaces to prevent unintentional childhood injuries among the Bedouins in southern Israel: A hybrid model comprising positive deviance, community-based participatory research, and entertainment-education
Authors: Gesser-Edelsburg Anat , Alamour Yousif , Cohen Ricky , Abed Elhadi Shahbari Nour , Hijazi Rana , Orr Daniela , Vered-Chen Liat , Singhal Arvind 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundDespite several intervention programs, the Bedouin population living in the Southern District of Israel has the highest mortality rate among children and adolescents from unintentional injuries. Our research questions asked: (1) How does increasing the involvement and participation of Bedouin community members influence the issue of unintentional injuries among children? (2) How does reframing of the technical issue of safety into security influence community involvement and cooperation?Objectives1) To identify effective and efficacious positive deviance practices through community-based participatory research with adults, children, and professionals in the Bedouin community. 2) To create wider and deeper connections and cohesion between and among diverse Bedouin communities by seeding and sparking opportunities for social networking and cross-learning.MethodsThe study used a qualitative multi-method approach to generate a hybrid intervention model for reducing unintentional childhood injuries among the Bedouins. To frame the issue of unintentional injuries from the lived perspective of the Bedouins, we employed the Positive Deviance (PD) and Community Based Participatory Research (CBPR) approach. Drawing upon theatrical traditions, entertainment-education (EE), was employed as a way to narratively engage and persuade the Bedouins.ResultsOur research resulted in: (1) the emergence of several PD ideas and practices for preventing and avoiding children’s injuries; (2) the actual creation of a safe and secure playroom for children at a neighborhood mosque; and (3) the creation of cascading and cross-learning social networks between and among members of the Bedouin community spread across various locations.ConclusionThis study helped in reframing the technical issue of accidents and safety into the notion of sacredness and security, enhanced the association between emotions and cognition by means of experiential and EE methods, and stimulated creative thinking and the emergence of new culturally and contextually relevant ideas and practices through the PD process. It demonstrated the synergistic power of using a hybrid model that combined the rigor and vigor of different health communication approaches to address a significant disparity in the burden of child accidents faced by the Bedouins. Our study generated solutions that emerged from, and directly benefitted, Bedouin children—those, who face overwhelming risk of injury and death from preventable accidents.
The Pandemic and its Repercussions on Taiwan, its Identity, and Liberal Democracy
Authors: Ruiz Casado Juan Alberto 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The situation generated by the pandemic has meant the acceleration of the ongoing hegemonic clash between the United States and China, as well as the intensification of the anti-China narrative and a deplorable wave of Sinophobia throughout the world. In this context, Taiwan has become a strategic hot spot for the development of the rhetoric of the enemy. This study analyses some of the direct consequences of the ensuing friend/foe discourses in the Taiwanese milieu. In the context of a new Cold War, certain groups of power and their media apparatuses have embarked into a race to discursively distance the country as quickly as possible from the despised global enemy, not to be dragged down by the proximity and commonalities shared with China. Moreover, social polarization within Taiwan and contempt for the internal “enemies” pose an added challenge both for the maintenance of liberal democracy and the preservation of peace and self-government on the island. These outcomes are facilitated by underlying populist and nationalist processes of identity construction and hegemonic struggle: distinct discourses re-articulating the Taiwanese identity as an underdog people and a victimized nation.
Experimental and simulation study on mixing time and suspension quality of liquid-solid flow field in stirred reactor with draft tube
Authors: Wang Licheng , Wang Mengya , Tian Yanxing , Qi Yu , Gao Yiwei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The solid-liquid flow field is established in the stirred reactor with baffles and draft tube. Mixing time and suspension quality of the flow field are studied. Based on the Eulerian multiphase flow model and RNG k−ε turbulence model, the CFD model is established for the simulation research. By comparing the experimental data of solid concentration distribution and mixing time with the simulated values, it is proved that the CFD model established can be used to study the flow field in the stirred reactor. The effects of stirring speed, liquid viscosity and solid particle size on mixing time and suspension quality are considered. With the increase of stirring speed, mixing time decreases, mixing uniformity is improved. Mixing time decreases first, then increases slightly with the increase of liquid viscosity, and the suspension quality is improved. When the solid particle size increases, mixing time increases rapidly, but the mixing uniformity becomes worse.
Abraham Kuyper and the Instrumental Use of Biblical Israel
Authors: Scott-Blakely Nicholas 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article explores the Israelology of the prolific Dutch pastor, politician, and prime minister Abraham Kuyper (1837–1920), the architect of the nineteenth-century Neo-Calvinist movement. His thought still reverberates in Neo-Calvinist circles in North America, Europe, and beyond, providing inspiration to those seeking to articulate how contemporary churches can be both authentically confessional and also socially and politically engaged. Less known about Kuyper is his anti-Judaism and supersessionism: he regarded biblical Israel as instrumental to Christian theology, a pawn that God used and then discarded for the sake of more significant purposes.
Waterscape and Floods Management of Greek Selinus: The Cottone River Valley
Authors: Mazza Alba 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper investigates water bodies in the Greek colony of Selinus, Western Sicily-Italy. It focuses especially on one of the two rivers of the city: the Cottone. The investigative strategy adopted in this study consists of an interdisciplinary approach based on the analysis of archaeological evidence, Earth Sciences data, and the study of historical cartography. Results indicate that the Cottone River was not a swampy and unhealthy intermittent stream as it was believed so far; it was instead a fully functional water body featuring an active floodplain. Most importantly, research presented in this article indicates several floods occurred in Selinus from the second or third quarter of the sixth century BC to the end of the fifth century BC. These floods, which occurred at the peak of Selinus’ cultural and economic life, were related to severe major events, rather than seasonal floods, as suggested by other scholars. The management of these floods and the waterscape was crucial to the city’s prosperity. This article also analyzes the relationship between the Cottone River and the fortification walls located at the Cottone River Valley. Results indicate that the fortification walls functioned not only as a defensive infrastructure, but also as a hydraulic engineering solution for flood retention. A better understanding of the environment in which Selinus was settled is now available, and knowledge on the importance of waterscapes and their management has been enhanced.
Simulation Test System for Coal and Gas Outburst Triggered by Tunneling under Gas-Filling Condition and Its Application
Authors: Wang Hanpeng , Wang Wei , Yuan Liang , Yu Guofeng , Wang Jing , Xue Yang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The physical simulation test is an important means for studying the conditions of outburst occurrence and understanding the evolutionary pattern of outburst. However, the existing physical simulation test device cannot realize the real simulation of coal and gas outburst. In this study, a simulation test system for coal and gas outburst triggered by tunneling under a gas-filling condition was developed. This system consists of five key units: a sealed counterforce unit, a stress-loading unit, a gas-filling unit, a tunneling unit, and an information-acquisition unit. Through the cooperation of these units, the technical difficulties, such as high-pressure gas filling and rapid-pressure replenishment, high-pressure gas sealing, servo tunneling and slag discharge, information acquisition, and inclined model preparation, were overcome. The test system can be used to simulate the outburst triggered by tunnel (Φ150 mm) excavation in a coal-rock model (dimensions: 1,300 mm × 730 mm × 730 mm) under stress loading (maximum of 5 MPa) and gas-filling (maximum of 3 MPa). The proposed test system was employed to simulate the “6.12” coal and gas outburst incident in Huainan, China. The simulated outburst was similar to the original outburst in the following ways: phenomenon and duration of outburst (4.36 s); the shape and location (above the tunneling face) of the outburst holes; the mass (24.5 kg) and ejection distance (16 m) of the coal rock; and the sorting behavior of the ejected coal and rock. Additionally, the information of several physical quantities, including stress, gas pressure, and temperature, was also obtained. The development of this test system is important for an in-depth investigation of the information and patterns of outburst precursors, and for understanding the mechanism of outburst occurrence.
Literatura, música e sociedade
Authors: Souza Alisson Preto 
Published: September 2021

Além de realizar um resgate interdisciplinar sobre alguns aspectos relativos à música e à literatura, este artigo pretende trabalhar a presença e ausência da representação da música na obra A Metamorfose (1915) de Franz Kafka. Tendo em vista a sociedade como uma possível forma repressora de tratar a identidade, Gregor Samsa, o protagonista da novela, será analisado a partir da relação sobrevivência vs. música. A partir de contextualização histórica e literária e recortes envolvendo Filosofia e Psicologia, a música e a literatura são trabalhadas, de forma interdisciplinar, ao lado da ideia de arte como transformação. Estes conceitos ajudam a compreender a relação de Greta e Gregor, a ideia da metamorfose em Kafka e a perda da humanidade na sociedade moderna. Conclusivamente, a música é compreendida neste trabalho, tanto por sua função curadora como por sua raison d’etre, isto é, um produto humano: simbólico, sócio-afetivo e imaginativo.
Trabajando en equipo: múltiples perspectivas acerca del trabajo cooperativo y colaborativo
Authors: Jaramillo-Valencia Bairon , Quintero-Arrubla Sonia 
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: Desarrollar un estado de arte para comprender acerca de los componentes que rodean las prácticas del trabajo en equipo, al igual que el aprendizaje colaborativo y cooperativo; modalidades que se desprenden del primero mencionado. Método: El método utilizado fue el reconocido como Revisión Documental, a través de una perspectiva cualitativa de investigación. Asimismo, se llevó a cabo una búsqueda exclusiva de revistas indexadas, a través de los nombrados operadores Booleanos AND, OR y NOT. A su vez, las categorías base fueron ‘Aprendizaje Colaborativo’ y ‘Aprendizaje Cooperativo’, cuyos procesos de análisis documental se desarrollaron a través de la lectura filtrada en criterio y contenido. Resultados: Se logró dar exactitud a los respectos conceptuales y procedimentales de estos procederes grupales; a su vez, toda la información encontrada posibilitó una mejor comprensión de la investigación base ya finiquitada (Prácticas pedagógicas innovadoras implementadas por los docentes, para favorecer el trabajo colaborativo en el aprendizaje con estudiantes de la facultad de educación), desarrollada en Medellín, Colombia. Discusión y Conclusiones: Se concluye que los conceptos de colaboración y cooperación se diferencian marcadamente en los procedimientos de trabajo y las interacciones entre los integrantes de grupo; de modo similar, se debe reconocer que existe similitud de ambos, en cuanto a productos se refiere.
Simulation of Pulse-Like Ground Motions during the 2015 Mw 8.3 Illapel Earthquake with a New Source Model Using Corrected Empirical Green’s Functions
Authors: Fernández Claudio , Nozu Atsushi , Crempien Jorge G. F. , de la Llera Juan Carlos 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Pulse-like near-source ground motions were observed by the local network during the 2015 Mw 8.3 Illapel, Chile earthquake. Such ground motions can be quite damaging to a wide range of infrastructures. The primary objective of this study is to provide a source model that can explain such ground motions. The isolated nature of the pulses indicated that the rupture of some small isolated region on the fault contributed to the generation of the pulse. Therefore, we considered such regions and termed them as Strong Motion Pulse Generation Areas (SPGAs). We used the corrected empirical Green's function (EGF) method because this method has been successfully applied to near-source pulse-like ground motions in previous studies. We simulated synthetic waveforms using the frequency dependent quality factor Q=239f0.71 and empirical site amplification factors, which we obtained by applying a generalized inversion technique to local weak-motion data. The result indicated that the observed ground motions from the Mw 8.3 Illapel earthquake can readily be explained with a source model that involves two SPGAs with dimensions of several kilometers in spite of the huge rupture zone of the earthquake. The source model can reproduce velocity waveforms, acceleration Fourier amplitude spectra (FAS) and pseudoacceleration response spectra. It also reproduces the duration of strong ground motions quite accurately. No significant bias was found with respect to distance and frequency. In conclusion, the corrected EGF method is a very efficient tool to simulate near-source ground motions of a subduction earthquake when it is combined with higher stress-drop subevents whose sizes are adjusted to the observed pulse widths.
Magnitudes of great shallow earthquakes from 1904 to 1952
Authors: Geller Robert J. , Kanamori Hiroo 
Published: September 2021

abstract
The “revised magnitudes”, M, converted from Gutenberg's unified magnitude, m, and listed by Richter (1958) and Duda (1965) are systematically higher than the magnitudes listed by Gutenberg and Richter (1954) in Seismicity of the Earth. This difference is examined on the basis of Gutenberg and Richter's unpublished original worksheets for Seismicity of the Earth. It is concluded that (1) the magnitudes of most shallow “class a” earthquakes in Seismicity of the Earth are essentially equivalent to the 20-sec surface-wave magnitude, Ms; (2) the revised magnitudes, M, of most great shallow (less than 40 km) earthquakes listed in Richter (1958) (also used in Duda, 1965) heavily emphasize body-wave magnitudes, mb, and are given by M=14Ms+34(1.59mb−3.97). For earthquakes at depths of 40 to 60 km, M is given by M = (1.59 mb − 3.97). M and Ms are thus distinct and should not be confused. Because of the saturation of the surface-wave magnitude scale at Ms ≃ 8.0, use of empirical moment versus magnitude relations for estimating the seismic moment results in large errors. Use of the fault area, S, is suggested for estimating the moment.
A study of northeastern North American spectral moments, magnitudes, and intensities
Authors: Street R. L. , Turcotte F. T. 
Published: September 2021

abstract
Thirty-two earthquakes in northeastern North America ranging in seismic moments of 1.5E19 to 6.0E26 (dyne-cm) are used to develop relationships between spectral moment, magnitudes (mbLg and MS), and intensity. It is shown that northeastern North American events are readily characterized by a well-behaved, steadily increasing stress drop relative to increasing magnitude. As a result, the relationship between the regional mbLg and MS as implied by the spectral results is
m b L g = M s + 1.2 ( 1.8 ≦ m b L g ≦ 4.4 )
and
m b L g = 0 . 6 1 M s + 2.33 ( 4.4 ≦ m b L g ≦ 6.8 ) .
Published relationships between the mbLg magnitude, the log10 of the area within the intensity IV isoseismal contour, and the falloff of the intensity technique described by Nuttli (1973b) are checked for suitability. The results are as follows
m b L g = 1.13 log 10 ( A I V ) − 0.32 A I V ≧ 10 , 000 k m 2
and
m b L g = 0.97 m b ( b a s e d o n f a l l o f f ) + 0.22 ,
with regression coefficients of 0.94 and 0.99 respectively.
Observations of creep-related tilt, strain, and water-level changes on the central San Andreas fault
Authors: Mortensen C. E. , Lee R. C. , Burford R. O. 
Published: September 2021

abstract
Several simultaneous observations of surface fault creep, tilt, strain, and water-level fluctuations have been recorded along the San Andreas fault in the vicinity of the Almaden-Cienega Winery south of Hollister, California. Creep events recorded on the winery creepmeters on February 16, 1975, and by the winery and Harris Ranch creepmeters on September 17, 1975, were modeled as migrating dislocations with geometries chosen to give results that match the observed tilt and strain data. Source depths for the February 16th and September 17th creep events were found to be relatively shallow, the depth to the lower boundary of the slip surface being 0.4 and 2.0 km, respectively. In both cases slip was found to propagate from the northwest toward the southeast, which is consistent with changes in water level observed in a well near the winery.
Since the installation of the tiltmeter and strainmeter 0.8 km northwest of the Cienega Winery, six tilt and strain signals with durations typical of creep events have been related to observed surface creep, while 11 such signals appear unrelated to recorded surface creep. The latter may result from surface creep of limited extent or creep at depth.