bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Swiss Primary Hypersomnolence and Narcolepsy Cohort study (SPHYNCS): Study protocol for a prospective, multicentre cohort observational study
Authors: Dietmann Anelia , Wenz Elena , van der Meer Julia , Ringli Maya , Warncke Jan D. , Edwards Ellen , Schmidt Markus H. , Bernasconi Corrado A. , Nirkko Arto , Strub Mathias , Miano Silvia , Manconi Mauro , Acker Jens , von Manitius Sigrid , Baumann Christian R. , Valko Philip O. , Yilmaz Bahtiyar , Brunner Andreas‐David , Tzovara Athina , Zhang Zhongxing , Largiadèr Carlo R. , Tafti Mehdi , Latorre Daniela , Sallusto Federica , Khatami Ramin , Bassetti Claudio L. A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractNarcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is a disorder with well‐established markers and a suspected autoimmune aetiology. Conversely, the narcoleptic borderland (NBL) disorders, including narcolepsy type 2, idiopathic hypersomnia, insufficient sleep syndrome and hypersomnia associated with a psychiatric disorder, lack well‐defined markers and remain controversial in terms of aetiology, diagnosis and management. The Swiss Primary Hypersomnolence and Narcolepsy Cohort Study (SPHYNCS) is a comprehensive multicentre cohort study, which will investigate the clinical picture, pathophysiology and long‐term course of NT1 and the NBL. The primary aim is to validate new and reappraise well‐known markers for the characterization of the NBL, facilitating the diagnostic process. Seven Swiss sleep centres, belonging to the Swiss Narcolepsy Network (SNaNe), joined the study and will prospectively enrol over 500 patients with recent onset of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), hypersomnia or a suspected central disorder of hypersomnolence (CDH) during a 3‐year recruitment phase. Healthy controls and patients with EDS due to severe sleep‐disordered breathing, improving after therapy, will represent two control groups of over 50 patients each. Clinical and electrophysiological (polysomnography, multiple sleep latency test, maintenance of wakefulness test) information, and information on psychomotor vigilance and a sustained attention to response task, actigraphy and wearable devices (long‐term monitoring), and responses to questionnaires will be collected at baseline and after 6, 12, 24 and 36 months. Potential disease markers will be searched for in blood, cerebrospinal fluid and stool. Analyses will include quantitative hypocretin measurements, proteomics/peptidomics, and immunological, genetic and microbiota studies. SPHYNCS will increase our understanding of CDH and the relationship between NT1 and the NBL. The identification of new disease markers is expected to lead to better and earlier diagnosis, better prognosis and personalized management of CDH.
Early modified primary closure for treatment of cardiac implantable electronic device pocket infections
Authors: Baldawi Mustafa , Bogue Shelly , Mandapati Ravi , Cooper Joshua , Rabkin David G. , Contractor Tahmeed 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundGuidance for wound management of the vacated generator pocket in cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) pocket infections after removal of all hardware and tissue debridement is limited. The typical surgical technique for management of a purulent wound is to allow healing by secondary intention. An alternative approach uses negative pressure wound therapy with or without delayed primary closure. While effective in managing infection, these approaches increase hospital length of stay and costs. We present our experience with a third option: modified early primary wound closure over a suction device.MethodsAll patients with CIED pocket infections who presented to our institution between September 2018 and October 2020 underwent extraction of hardware and modified primary wound closure over a negative pressure Jackson–Pratt drain. Length of hospital and postoperative stay, complications, and recurrent infections were recorded.ResultsDuring the study period, 14 patients underwent modified primary wound closure for CIED pocket infections. Mean length of hospital stay was 6.64 days ± 4.01 days (standard deviation [SD]). Mean postoperative length of stay was 3.92 ± 2.21 days (SD). Two patients (both on intravenous heparin for mechanical valve prostheses) required re‐exploration for bleeding. No patients developed recurrent infection at a mean follow up of 363 ± 245 days (SD).ConclusionBased on our experience, early modified primary wound closure for CIED pocket infections appears to be safe and allows for prompt discharge with no observed re‐infections.
Safety of cryoballoon ablation for the treatment of atrial fibrillation: First European results from the cryo AF Global Registry
Authors: Földesi Csaba , Misiková Silvia , Ptaszyński Paweł , Todd Derick , Herzet Jean‐Manuel , Braegelmann Kendra M. , Kueffer Fred J. , Drephal Christian , Steinwender Clemens , Zucchelli Giulio , Neuzil Petr , Chun Kyoung Ryul Julian 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundCryoballoon ablation for the treatment of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) has been utilized in Europe for >15 years.ObjectivesReport patient and procedural characteristics that influence the safety of cryoablation for the treatment of AF.MethodsPatients enrolled in the prospective, multicenter Cryo AF Global Registry were treated at 38 European centers. Freedom from a ≥30s episode of AF/atrial flutter (AFL)/atrial tachycardia (AT) at 12‐months and serious complications were analyzed. Univariate and multivariable models identified baseline patient and procedural characteristics that predicted a procedure‐related complication.ResultsOf the 1418 subjects who completed an index procedure, the cohort was 62 ± 11 years of age, 37.7% female, and 72.2% paroxysmal AF (PAF). The mean procedure, left atrial dwell, and fluoroscopy times were 81 ± 34, 54 ± 25, and 14 ± 13 min, respectively. Among the 766 patients with 12‐month follow‐up, freedom from a ≥30 s AF/AFL/AT recurrence was 83.3% (95% CI: 79.8%–86.3%) and 71.6% (95% CI: 64.6%–77.4%) in patients with PAF and persistent AF. The serious procedure‐ and device‐related adverse event rates were 4.7% and 2.0%. No baseline patient characteristic independently predicted a procedure‐related adverse event; however, prolonged procedure duration (OR = 1.01 [95% CI: 1.00–1.01]), use of general anesthesia (OR = 1.71 [95% CI: 1.01–2.92]), and delivery of a cavotricuspid isthmus line (OR = 3.04 [95% CI: 1.01–9.20]) were each independently associated with the occurrence of a serious procedural safety event (all p < .05).ConclusionsCryoballoon ablation is safe and effective in real‐world use across a broad cohort of patients with AF.
Expert opinions on the regulation of plant genome editing
Authors: Lassoued Rim , Phillips Peter W.B. , Macall Diego Maximiliano , Hesseln Hayley , Smyth Stuart J. 
Published: April 2021

SummaryGlobal food security is largely affected by factors such as environmental (e.g. drought, flooding), social (e.g. gender inequality), socio‐economic (e.g. overpopulation, poverty) and health (e.g. diseases). In response, extensive public and private investment in agricultural research has focused on increasing yields of staple food crops and developing new traits for crop improvement. New breeding techniques pioneered by genome editing have gained substantial traction within the last decade, revolutionizing the plant breeding field. Both industry and academia have been investing and working to optimize the potentials of gene editing and to bring derived crops to market. The spectrum of cutting‐edge genome editing tools along with their technical differences has led to a growing international regulatory, ethical and societal divide. This article is a summary of a multi‐year survey project exploring how experts view the risks of new breeding techniques, including genome editing and their related regulatory requirements. Surveyed experts opine that emerging biotechnologies offer great promise to address social and climate challenges, yet they admit that the market growth of genome‐edited crops will be limited by an ambiguous regulatory environment shaped by societal uncertainty.
Photo‐experiencing and reflective listening: A trauma‐informed photo‐elicitation method to explore day‐to‐day health experiences
Authors: Sinko Laura , Saint Arnault Denise 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDespite the promise of photography in research, few methods offer a guide to leverage this medium in conjunction with experience sampling to facilitate individual reflection while capturing the experiences of participants as they interact with their social world. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new photo‐elicitation method to add to the photography research repertoire, Photo‐experiencing and Reflective Listening (PEARL). PEARL leverages the benefits of experience sampling, mindful self‐awareness, and trauma‐informed interviewing to document daily health experiences. After engaging in an at‐home photography activity, participants meet for a one‐on‐one interview to share and cluster their photographs to discuss key themes and needs going forward. Using a study aimed to understand the recovery experiences of survivors of sexual violence, we illustrate how PEARL can be applied to study a population of interest. The products developed through PEARL provide rich opportunities for analysis, dissemination, story amplification, and action, making it a research method helpful for those interested in improving health equity and catalyzing social change. Because of the high satisfaction voiced by the participants of this approach, PEARL shows promise as a therapeutic data collection method, where the participants leave with some benefit through new awareness gained.
Nursing is a health equity and social justice movement
Authors: Rudner Nancy 
Published: April 2021

AbstractNursing has been grounded in the pursuit of health equity and social justice for over 100 years. Escalating health care costs, COVID‐19, and racial conflict have spotlighted the impact of our social and health inequities and the interconnectedness of everyone's health. This study discusses two key nursing movements for health and social justice, the public health nursing movement and the nurse practitioner movement. This study also describes how the re‐emerging focus on population health nursing and the increasing nurse activism are building on our history of addressing the social and environmental root causes of ill health. Changes in health care design, delivery, and payment will create more opportunities for population health nursing to continue nursing's long‐standing efforts in pursuit of health equity and social justice.
High turnover of types III and VI collagen in progressive idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Hoyer Nils , Jessen Henrik , Prior Thomas S. , Sand Jannie M. B. , Leeming Diana J. , Karsdal Morten A. , Åttingsberg Emilia K. A. , Vangsgaard Gustav K. M. , Bendstrup Elisabeth , Shaker Saher B. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackground and objectivePrediction of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) progression is vital for the choice and timing of treatment and patient follow‐up. This could potentially be achieved by prognostic blood biomarkers of extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling.MethodsNeoepitope biomarkers of types III and VI collagen turnover (C3M, C6M, PRO‐C3 and PRO‐C6) were measured in 185 patients with newly diagnosed IPF. Disease severity at baseline and progression over 6 months was assessed by lung function tests and 6‐min walk tests. All‐cause mortality was assessed over a 3‐year follow‐up period.ResultsHigh baseline levels of C3M, C6M, PRO‐C3 and PRO‐C6 were associated with more advanced disease at the time of diagnosis. Baseline levels of C6M and PRO‐C3 were also associated with mortality over 3 years of follow‐up (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.3–3.9, p = 0.002 and HR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.1–3.0, p = 0.03). Patients with several increased biomarkers at baseline, representing a high ECM remodelling phenotype, had more advanced disease at baseline, higher risk of progression or death at 6 months (OR: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1–1.8, p = 0.002) and higher mortality over 3 years of follow‐up (HR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.3–4.5, p = 0.007).ConclusionBlood biomarkers of types III and VI collagen turnover, assessed at the time of diagnosis, are associated with several indices of disease severity, short‐term progression and long‐term mortality. These biomarkers can help to identify patients with a high ECM remodelling phenotype at high risk of disease progression and death.
The gendered pandemic: The implications of COVID‐19 for work and family
Authors: Yavorsky Jill E. , Qian Yue , Sargent Amanda C. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has affected nearly all the aspects of society since it's onset in early 2020. In addition to infecting and taking the lives of millions of global citizens, the pandemic has fundamentally changed family and work patterns. The pandemic and associated mitigation measures have increased the unemployment rates, amplified health risks for essential workers required to work on‐site, and led to unprecedented rates of telecommuting. Additionally, due to school/daycare closures and social distancing, many parents have lost access to institutional and informal childcare support during the COVID‐19 crisis. Such losses in childcare support have significantly impacted the paid and unpaid labor of parents, particularly of mothers. In this article, we synthesize recent research on pandemic‐related changes to work and family in the United States. Applying an intersectionality lens, we discuss the gendered implications of these changes. Because gender inequality in family and work are connected, COVID‐19 has, in many cases, deepened the pre‐existing gender inequalities in both realms.
A Global Analysis of Financial Crises and the Growth of Informal Economic Activity
Authors: Blanton Robert G. , Peksen Dursun 
Published: April 2021

ObjectiveThough a large body of work has focused on how financial crises impact the formal economy, scant research has explored how financial crises affect informal economic activity.MethodsWe analyze data on informal economies and multiple types of financial crises for 143 countries for the years spanning 1970 to 2011.ResultsBanking and debt crises have both immediate and lingering positive effects on the shadow economic growth. Currency crises are also positively associated with shadow economy growth, but the effect is likely to be short‐lived with no major lingering impact following the initial year of the crisis.ConclusionWe uncover a complex dynamic between financial crises and the growth of the informal economy, with an implication being that crises may result in a sustained movement of labor and capital out of the formal economy.
Painless rash in a transplant patient
Authors: Reis Joel , Coelho André , Lopes Virgínia , Gandara Judit , Cunha Velho Glória , Selores Manuela 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDermatophytes are common keratinophilic fungi responsible for superficial skin infections. Deep dermatophytosis is a rare form of invasive skin infection described in immunocompromised patients. We report the case of a 65‐year‐old man with a history of an orthotopic liver transplant for hepatocarcinoma 6 months earlier, who presented with small painless erythematous papules in lower limbs, some of which were umbilicated. Skin biopsy showed an intense non‐necrotizing granulomatous reaction in the dermis around fungal structures. Trichophyton rubrum was identified as the causal agent through culture and internal transcribed spacer sequencing.
Information systems for a blood transfusion regional network
Authors: Vesga Miguel A. , Azkárate María 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAs a result of the objectives related to patient safety established in the Basque Country, and the need to increase safety and transfusion efficiency, a Basque transfusion network has been created whose strengths are the availability and interconnection of information systems covering all phases of a single and common blood process for all centres in the region. All relevant information is generated, disseminated, shared and recorded in an automated manner. The information includes donor and patient health records, transfusion requirements and transfusion history, data and process traceability, among others. This compact network of information is having a significant impact on almost all phases of the transfusion process, being the most relevant: Safety in donor selection; clinical and biological shared information for all hospital; safety in the identification of patients, samples and blood components; complete real‐time traceability; increased quality of the decision to transfuse and decrease unnecessary transfusions; decreased number of adverse effects, component administration errors and near miss related to blood component transfusion; or optimization of training programmes, as it is a standardized activity for all staff involved on blood transfusion. It is also assumed that PBM programmes will be able to improve their efficiency by having high‐quality data.
A river classification scheme to assess macroinvertebrate sensitivity to water abstraction pressures
Authors: Lathouri Maria , England Judy , Dunbar Michael J. , Hannah David M. , Klaar Megan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe concept of environmental flows has been developed to manage human alteration of river flow regimes, as effective management requires an understanding of the ecological consequences of flow alteration. This study explores the concept of macroinvertebrate sensitivity to river flow alteration to establish robust quantitative relationships between biological indicators and hydrological pressures. Existing environmental flow classifications used by the environmental regulator for English rivers were tested using multilevel regression modelling. Results showed a weak relationship between the current abstraction sensitivity classification and macroinvertebrate response to flow pressure. An alternative approach, based on physically derived river types, was a better predictor of macroinvertebrate response. Intermediate sized lowland streams displayed the best model fit, while upland rivers exhibited poor model performance. A better understanding of the ecological response to flow variation in different river types could help water resource managers develop improved ecologically appropriate flow regimes, which support the integrity of river ecosystems.
Human Temporomandibular Joint Motion: A Synthesis Approach for Designing a Six-Bar Kinematic Simulator
Authors: Demuynck Michel , Delnavaz Aidin , Voix Jérémie 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The human earcanal can accommodate several types of in-ear devices including hearing aids, earphones, hearing protectors, and earplugs. This canal-type home has a neighbor called the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) whose movements slightly deform the shape of the earcanal. While these cyclic deformations can influence the positioning, comfort, and functioning of ear-fitted devices, they can also provide a significant amount of energy to harvest. Given their importance, the TMJ movements and earcanal deformations have been well studied. However, their mutual actions are still not fully understood. This paper presents the development of a six-bar kinematic TMJ simulator capable of replicating the complicated motion of the jaw. The development relies on a two-phase mechanism design algorithm to numerically optimize and analytically synthesize linkage mechanisms for which the classical optimization approaches cannot return a converged solution. The proposed algorithm enables the design of a kinematic simulator to generate the TMJ path with an average error as low as 1.65% while respecting all the hinge-axis parameters of the jaw. This algorithm can be subsequently used to solve nonlinear complex linkage synthesis problems, and ultimately, the developed kinematic simulator can be used to further investigate TMJ–earcanal interactions.
Predictive Modeling for Rooftop Solar Energy Throughput: A Machine Learning-Based Optimization for Building Energy Demand Scheduling
Authors: Houchati Mahdi , Beitelmal AbdlMonem H. , Khraisheh Marwan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The intermittent and fluctuating nature of solar energy is the biggest challenge facing its widespread utilization. Implementing onsite photovoltaic (PV) systems as alternative energy sources has established the need for reliable forecasting procedures to improve scheduling and demand management. This paper presents solar energy forecasting combined with a demand-side prediction algorithm to optimize the utilization of available solar energy resources and manage the demand side accordingly. The algorithm utilizes support vector regression (SVR), a machine learning technique, validated using one-year energy consumption data collected from an office building instrumented as an experimental testbed facility. Power meters and temperature sensors collect the building’s internal climate and energy data, while a solar PV array and a weather station provide the external relevant data. The forecasting method uses the average power output of k-similar days as an added input to the SVR model to enhance its performance. The day-ahead prediction results show that this additional input contributes to higher forecasting efficiency, especially in the hot climate regions, where sunny weather conditions prevail throughout the year. The PV output prediction accuracy for sunny days is above 90%, which offers possibilities for optimized scheduling and leading to smart building energy management. Finally, this paper also proposes a temperature set point optimization algorithm for the building air conditioning system to minimize the difference between the building energy load and the generated solar PV power. Using 24 °C as the upper set point temperature limit reduces the energy demand (consumption) by up to 29% and the associated reduction in CO2 emissions.