bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Epidemiology and clinical Features Analysis of Respiratory Human Adenovirus Infections in Hospitalized Children: A Retrospective Study in Zhejiang
Authors: Wang Caiyun , Liu Juanjuan , Mi Yumei , Chen Jing , Bi Jing , Chen Yinghu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: HAdV is one of the common pathogens in hospitalized children with respiratory infection (RI). we aim to describe the epidemiological characteristics, clinical features, and genotype of inpatients with HAdV positive with RI.Methods: Respiratory samples were gathered from inpatients diagnosed RI in Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and were detected by using Direct Immunofluorescence Assay (DFA) from 2018 to 2019. PCR amplification and sequencing of the hypervariable zone of hexon gene were used for genotyping. The clinical and laboratory features, and typing of HAdV, and epidemiological characteristic analysis were retrospectively performed. Results: Of 7072 samples collected, 488 cases were identified as HAdV-positive RI. The overall detection rate was 6.9%. The peaked detection rate was 14.1% in January 2019. HAdV-positive cases with RI mainly appeared in winter and summer. The detection rate was highest among children between 6 months and 2 years (8.7%, 123/1408). Clinical diagnosis included pneumonia (70.3%, 343/488), bronchitis (7.0%, 34/488) and acute upper respiratory tract infection (22.7%, 111/488). The common clinical manifestations were fever (93.4%, 456/488), cough (94.7%, 462/488), wheezing (26.2%,128/48), and shortness of breath (14.8%, 72/488). 213 (43.6%) cases had co-infection and 138 (28.3%) cases had extrapulmonary symptoms. 96(19.7%) cases had intrapulmonary and intrathoracic complications.78 (16.0%) had an underlying condition, the most of them were congenital heart diseases (20.5%,17/78). The proportions of hyperpyrexia, duration of fever more than 10 days, severe pneumonia, and proportion of wheezing in the co-infection group were remarkably higher than those in HAdV single-infection group (p<0.05). 4 HAdV species were successfully identified in 155 cases and represented by 8 genotypes. HAdV-B3 (56.1%,87/155) and HAdV -B7 (31.0%,48/155) were the most predominant detected types and occurred commonly in different severity groups (p=0.000), while, HAdV-B55 was detected only in the severe group. HAdV-B7’s detection rate in the severe group was significantly higher than the non-severe infected group. Conclusion: HAdV detection rate is related to age and season. Bronchopneumonia accounts for about 70% HAdV -positive inpatients. The common manifestations include hyperpyrexia, cough, wheezing, and shortness of breath. HAdV-B3 and HAdV-B7 are the most common types in children diagnosed with RI.
Influence of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Infliximab Efficacy in Chinese Patients With Crohn’s Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Xia Sheng-long , Min Quan-jia , Shao Xiao-xiao , Lin Dao-po , Ma Guo-long , Hu Ding-yuan , Cao Shu-guang , Jiang Yi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: It remains uncertain whether vitD3 supplementation is beneficial for remission of Crohn’s disease (CD). The influence of vitD3 supplementation on Infliximab (IFX) efficacy was retrospectively analyzed in Chinese CD patients.Methods: Patients with moderate-to-severe CD, who were bio-naïve and prescribed with IFX treatment for at least 54 weeks were recorded. VitD3 supplementation was defined as patients additionally took oral vitD3 (125 IU/d) within 3 days after the first infusion and persisted in the whole follow-up period. Disease activity was assessed using Harvey-Bradshaw Index (HBI). Serum cytokine profiles were quantitatively analyzed in a subset of all patients at baseline and 54-week after intervention.Results: Among 73 enrolled patients, 37 took vitD3 regularly (D3-patients), the others (non-D3-patients) did not. At 54-week, the mean 25-hydroxyvitaminD level increased in D3-patients (P<0.001). The clinical remission rate was higher in D3-patients compared to non-D3-patients (P=0.030). The decrease of HBI from baseline to 54-week was more in D3-patients than non-D3-patients (P=0.023). Furthermore, vitD3 supplementation was independently related to the increase of remission rate at 54-week in D3-patients (P=0.015). The benefit of vitD3 supplementation was significant only in patients with deficient vitD3, but not in non-deficient vitD3. In non-D3-patients, the decreases of IL-6 and TNF-α at 54-week were more obvious than at baseline (both P<0.05). In D3-patients, however, only IL-10 increased at 54-week compared with its baseline value (P=0.037).Conclusions: VitD3 supplementation could not only improve IFX efficacy, especially for patients with vitD3 deficiency, but also affected the cytokine profiles in CD patients. (Clinical Trials. Gov NCT04606017)
Efficacy of Gelatin Sponge Impregnated with Ropivacaine on Postoperative Pain After Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Comparative Study
Authors: Wang Shanxi , Wang Bo , Yu Xiaojun , Ma Tian , Yan Jiyuan , Ding Qing , Zhang Ruizhuo , Wu Hua , Liu Chaoxu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to investigated the efficacy of gelatin sponge impregnated with ropivacaine on postoperative pain after transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) in patients with lumbar degenerative diseases.Methods A total of 127 patients were evaluated in this retrospective study. All patients underwent transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. Based on whether they were administered by gelatin sponge impregnated with ropivacaine or saline during operation, patients were divided into ropivacaine group or saline group. The two groups were compared in reference to bedridden period, hospital stay, postoperative complications, visual analog scale (VAS) scores and functional score. The consumption of postoperative diclofenac sodium suppository use was also recorded. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores and and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores were used for functional evaluation at 1 year postoperatively. Results The mean bedridden period and hospital day in the ropivacaine group were significantly lower than saline group. The VAS score was significantly lower in patients receiving gelatin sponge impregnated with ropivacaine as compared with patients in saline group on postoperative day 1, 2, 3 and 4. The number of patients who need the administration of diclofenac sodium suppositor and the mean consumption of postoperative diclofenac sodium suppository was significantly lower in the ropivacaine group as compared with saline group.Conclusion The application of gelatin sponge impregnated with ropivacaine around the nerve root in patients undergoing TLIF is a safe and effective method, which can effectively control the postoperative pain and promote the functional recovery of patients.
Reference Genes for Quantitative Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR)) Analyses in Freshly Isolated Monocytes of Septic Patients
Authors: Gritte Raquel Bragante , Souza-Siqueira Talita , Masi Laureane Nunes , Germano Juliana Freitas , Murata Gilson Masahiro , Machado Marcel Cerqueira César , Azevedo Ricardo Bentes , Pithon-Curi Tania Cristina , Curi Rui , Soriano Francisco Garcia 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction associated with unregulated host response to infection. About 20 million people develop sepsis annually, and up to 50% die. Monocytes and macrophages play a key role in the innate and adaptive immune responses but the fully role of these cells in patients with sepsis still remains to be investigated. One of the limitations for the studies of gene expression in monocytes/macrophages in sepsis is the choice of the reference genes. We determined herein the most stable internal gene (s) to investigate gene expressions in monocytes/macrophages of septic patients.Methods: The expression stability of fifteen commonly used reference genes was analyzed by determining the comparative threshold cycle (Ct) values, using the BestKeeper, GeNorm, and NormFinder algorithms.Results: BestKeeper analysis revealed that the syntaxin 5 (STX5A) and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1 (HPRT1) genes are highly stable. GeNorm pointed out STX5A and phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) as the most suitable combination, whereas through NormFinder glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and 14-3-3 zeta/delta protein (YWHAZ) was the most stable combination. All program analyses discarded the use of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A/B (HNRNPAB). GeNorm and NormFinder indicated actin-beta (ACTB) as the minor stable gene.Conclusions: The combined data indicated that STX5A, PGK1, GAPDH, and HPRT1 are highly suitable reference genes for qPCR analysis of septic patient monocytes. In choosing one reference gene, the results point out STX5A (first place by GeNorm and BestKeeper and third place by NormFinder). This study is the first report on reference genes in freshly obtained monocytes/macrophages from septic patients.
Predicting the response of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in hormone receptor- positive and HER2-negative breast cancer with axillary lymph node metastasis by a multigene assay (GenesWell™ BCT)
Authors: Lee Jun-Hee , Ryu Jai Min , Ahn Jee Hyun , Cho Soo Youn , Lee Se Kyung , Yu Jonghan , Chae Byung Joo , Nam Seok Jin , Han Jinil , Lee Jeong Eon , Kim Seok Won 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The GenesWell™ BCT (BCT score) is a recently developed multigene assay that predicts the risk of distant recurrence in patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) and HER2 negative (HER2-) early breast cancer (BC). The ability of the assay to predict the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) has not been established to date. Biopsy specimens of HR+/HER2- BC patients with axillary lymph node (LN) metastasis who underwent NACT were analyzed using the BCT score. The modified breast cancer test (BCT) score was developed and classified into high-and low-response groups. A total of 88 patients were available for the BCT score among 108 eligible patients. The median follow-up duration was 35.9 (7.8-128.5) months. Among these, 61 (65.1%) had cN1 and 53 (60.2%) had cT1 or T2. The BCT score was low in 25 (28.4%) patients and high in 63 (71.6%) patients. Among 50 patients with pathologic complete response or partial response, 41 (82.0%) were in the high-response group, and 9 (18.0%) were in the low-response group. Among 38 patients with stable disease or progressive disease, 22 (57.9%) patients were in the high-response group, and 16 (42.1%) were in the low-response group (p = 0.025). Ki-67 before NACT was a significant factor for predicting tumor response (p = 0.006; 3.81 [1.50-10.16]). The BCT score showed a significant response to NACT (p = 0.016; 4.18 [1.34–14.28]). A significant difference was found in distant metastasis-free survival between the high and low response groups (p = 0.004). We demonstrated that the BCT score predicts NACT responsiveness of HR+/HER2- BC with LN metastasis and might help determine whether to undergo NACT or not. Further studies are warranted to validate these findings.
Long Non-Coding RNA RP5-821D11.7 Promotes Proliferation, Migration, and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Glioma and Glioma Stem-Like Cells
Authors: Younis Muhammad , Shaikh Sana , Shahzad Khawar Ali , Sial Nuzhat 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) has been recently revealed as a main regulatory molecule, which implicates many cellular functions. Studies showed that lncRNA abnormally expressed and involved in the progression and tumorigenesis of glioma. Present study identified a novel lncRNA associated with glioma, glioma stem-like cells (GSCs), and then revealed their potential functions. During the screening of lncRNAs, we found out lncRNA RP5-821D11.7 (lncRNA-RP5) overexpress in GSCs compared to glioma cells. Lentivirus-mediated shRNA for lncRNA-RP5 was constructed and transfected into glioma cells. Transfected stable glioma cells were transplanted into nude mice and tumor growth was determined. Knockdown of lncRNA-RP5 significantly inhibits proliferation, colony formation, migration and reduces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Additionally, the results showed that lncRNA RP5 knockdown enhances cell apoptosis through endoplasmic reticulum stress. Therefore, this study may provide a better understanding and demonstrates that lncRNA-RP5 may be a potential therapeutic target in glioma.
Hippo/YAP Signaling Choreographs The Tumor Immune Microenvironment to Promote Triple Negative Breast Cancer Progression Via TAZ/IL-34 Axis
Authors: Wang Zheng , Wang Fan , Ding Xin-Yuan , Li Tian-En , Wang Hao-Yu , Gao Yu-Hao , Wang Wen-Juan , Liu Yan-Feng , Chen Xiao-Song , Shen Kun-Wei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Growing evidence suggests that the bidirectional interactions between cancer cells and their surrounding environment namely the tumor microenvironment (TME), contributes to cancer progression, metastasis, and resistance to treatment. Intense investigation of Hippo pathway, which controls multiple central cellular function to tumorigenesis, was focused on cancer cells. However, the role of Hippo pathway in modulating tumor–stromal interactions in triple negative breast cancer remains largely unknow. This study therefore focused on revealing effects of Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling to immune microenvironment.Methods: The correlation between Hippo/YAP signaling and the abundance of immune cells were estimated by Immune Cell Abundance Identifier. Clinical TNBC samples from 120 patients were analyzed to assess the correlation between TAZ expression and disease prognosis as well as tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Inflammatory immune profiles, bioinformatics analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation were performed to identify the expression of immune-related genes that were regulated by TAZ. An in vitro co-culture system was applied to investigate the crosstalk between TNBC cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) modulated by the TAZ/interleukin 34 (IL-34) axis. In vivo tumor growth and metastasis models were used to evaluate the pro-tumor functions of TAZ, IL-34, and TAMs as well as the antitumor efficacy of anti-PD-L1 and IL-34/colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) blockade.Results: In TNBC patients, high activity of Hippo pathway was correlated with decreased number of T cells, upregulated TAM infiltration, and poor prognosis. TAZ could directly regulate IL-34 and PD-L1 expression and promote IL-34 secretion in TNBC cells, leading to increased TAM infiltration and distant metastasis. TAM-derived transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) could also induce TAZ expression in TNBC cells, thus forming a positive feedback loop between TNBC cells and TAMs. Furthermore, targeting the TAZ/IL-34 axis through its CSF-1R inhibitor could dramatically decrease TAM infiltration and significantly improve anti-PD-L1 efficacy in inhibiting metastasis in TNBC.Conclusions: Activity of Hippo pathway was associated with worse disease outcomes in TNBC and could increase TAM infiltration through the TAZ/IL-34 axis, leading to an immunosuppressive microenvironment and impairing the treatment efficacy of anti-PD-L1. Thus, the TAZ/IL-34 axis can serve as a novel target for TNBC patients.
Design and Analysis of Three-Dimensional Printing of A Porous Titanium Scaffold
Authors: Yang Chunxi , Yang Jiajie , Shi Xiaojian , Shen Meihua , Shi Kaibing , Shen Lingjie 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objective To develop suitable structural designs for the three-dimensional (3-D) printing of a porous titanium scaffold to fill bone defects in knee joints. Pore diameter and mechanic strength are key factors for the 3-D printing of porous titanium scaffolds. Methods Fifteen different pore unit structural models of titanium scaffolds were designed with 3-D printing computer software; five different scaffold shapes were designed: imitation diamond-60°, imitation diamond-90°, imitation diamond-120°, regular tetrahedron and regular hexahedron. Each structural shape was evaluated with three pore diameters 400μm, 600μm and 800μm, and fifteen types of cylindrical models(diameter: 20mm; height: 20mm). Autodesk Inventor software was used determine the strength and safety of the models by simulating simple strength acting on the knee joints. We analyzed the data and found suitable models for 3-D printing of porous titanium scaffolds. Results Fifteen different types of pore unit structural models were evaluated under positive pressure; the compressive strength was lower when the pore diameter(400μm, 600μm and 800μm) was larger, except for the regular tetrahedron structure. Under lateral pressure, the compressive strength was also lower when the pore diameter(400μm, 600μm and 800μm) was larger. Under torsional pressure, the strength of the imitation diamond structure was similar when the pore diameter(400μm, 600μm and 800μm) was larger, and the strengths of the regular tetrahedron and regular hexahedron structures were lower when the pore diameter(400μm, 600μm and 800μm) was larger. In each case, the compressive strength of the regular hexahedron structure was highest, that of the regular tetrahedron was second highest, and that of the imitation diamond structure was relatively low. Fifteen types of cylindrical models under a set force were evaluated, and the sequence of comprehensive compressive strength, from strong to weak was: regular hexahedron> regular tetrahedron> imitation diamond-120°> imitation diamond-90°> imitation diamond-60°. The compressive strength of cylinder models was higher when the pore diameter was smaller. Conclusion The compressive strength differed among titanium scaffolds with different pore structures. The pore diameter and shapes of the pore structure were important factors influencing the compressive strength. The models of regular hexahedron, regular tetrahedron and imitation diamond-120°appeared to meet the conditions of large pore diameters and high compressive strength. The strength of each structure was lower when the pore diameter(400μm, 600μm and 800μm) was larger.
Extremely low-frequency pulses of faint magnetic field, weaker than the geomagnetic field, induce mitophagy to rejuvenate mitochondria
Authors: Toda Takuro , Ito Mikako , Takeda Jun-ichi , Masuda Alkio , Hattori Nobutaka , Mohri Kaneo , Ohno Kinji 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Humans are frequently exposed to time-varying and static weak magnetic fields (WMF). However, the effects of faint magnetic fields, weaker than the geomagnetic field, have not been reported. We found that extremely low-frequency (ELF)-WMF, comprised of serial pulses of 10 µT intensity at 1–8 Hz, which was three or more times weaker than the geomagnetic field, reduced mitochondrial mass to 70% and the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complex II activity to 88%. Chemical inhibition of electron flux through the mitochondrial ETC complex II nullified the effect of ELF-WMF. Suppression of ETC complex II subsequently induced mitophagy by translocating parkin and PINK1 to the mitochondria and by recruiting LC3-II. Thereafter, mitophagy induced PGC-1α-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis to rejuvenate mitochondria. The lack of PINK1 negated the effect of ELF-WMF. Thus, ELF-WMF may be applicable for the treatment of human diseases that exhibit compromised mitochondrial homeostasis, such as Parkinson’s disease.
Hemoglobin Life-threatening Value (1.9 g/dl) in Good General Condition: a Pediatric Case-report.
Authors: Parodi Emilia , Riboldi Lorenzo , Ramenghi Ugo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: we report a pediatric patient presenting in good general condition despite an hemoglobin value of 1,9 g/dL, which is normally regarded as life-threatening. Case presentation: an African 5 years-old girl presented to our Emergency Department (ED) for worsening asthenia, within a clinical picture of good general condition. The hemoglobin value at admission was 1,9 g/dL. The subsequent diagnostic-therapeutic pathway highlighted the presence of two different causes, both well known to be responsible for chronic anemia (with slow reduction of hemoglobin values): iron deficiency anemia (IDA) due to a very low dietary intake of iron-rich foods, and homozygous sickle cell disease (HbSS). She received transfusions of packed red blood cells (overall 15 ml/kg) and subsequently intravenous iron preparations (total amount 200 mg) followed by oral iron supplements. The Hb value at discharge, 10 days after the admission, was 9.8 g/dL.Conclusions: when approaching a picture of severe anemia, we suggest pediatricians to take into consideration clinical conditions rather than laboratory values and to take advantage of detailed anamnestic data in order to make the diagnosis.
How Unexpected Is Out-of-hospital Sudden Cardiac Arrest? A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Heymes Hana Katharina , Schröder Hanna , Follmann Andreas , Sommer Anja , Lapp Nils , Rossaint Rolf , Beckers Stefan Kurt , Felzen Marc 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundApproximately 100,000 patients suffer from sudden cardiac arrest (CA) annually in Germany. The causes for CA are cardiac in 75% of these cases. The present study aims to investigate the medical prehistory of patients who suffered from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in a town with 250,000 inhabitants during 5 years and how many of these patients had already been previously treated at the local cardiac arrest center (CAC).Case presentationAll resuscitations due to OHAC were retrospectively analyzed for the cause of OHCA, preexisting cardiac conditions and treatment, lay resuscitation, and outcome from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2016, in Aachen, Germany. Data analysis was based on the resuscitation protocols and data from the CAC clinical information system. More than 50% of the patients with CA from cardiovascular origin were already known at the receiving respective CAC. Almost 60% of all patients already had cardiac preexisting conditions. Nevertheless, lay resuscitation occurred in only 34.1% of all cases. It was not performed in more than 60% although the probability of discharge can be significantly increased by lay resuscitation.ConclusionThe rate of lay resuscitation is relatively low although many patients suffering from CA have cardiac preexisting conditions. These findings show the importance of better priming their relatives for emergencies to improve lay resuscitation and improve the chances for a better outcome.