bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Author Diversity on Clinical Practice Guideline Committees
Authors: Verduzco-Gutierrez Monica , Katz Nicole B. , Fleming Talya K. , Silver Emily M. , Hunter Tracey L. , El Sayed Nuha , Escalon Miguel X. , Lorello Gianni R. , Silver Julie K. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Reports have demonstrated that women overall and women physicians, in particular, are underrepresented as authors of clinical practice guidelines. This analysis used publicly available information to explore the diversity of rehabilitation-related clinical practice guideline authors by gender, race, and ethnicity. Primary analysis identified authors’ gender, race, ethnicity, and visible minority status. Two sets were analyzed: (1) clinical practice guidelines by Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) categorized as “Rehabilitation” or “Pain” (n = 7; VA clinical practice guidelines) and (2) a set (n = 10) published in the United States (US) from 2019 to 2021 that were selected because of low numbers of inclusion at less than 20% women authors. Key findings include that among physician authors, both the VA and US clinical practice guidelines underrepresented women (15 [24.2%] and 27 [16.7%], respectively) and those coded as a racial or ethnic minority were particularly underrepresented. Notably, women authors overall were equally represented (92 [50.0%]) in the VA clinical practice guidelines. The US clinical practice guidelines had women authors who were underrepresented (36 [19.0%]). Secondary analysis of the entire set of VA clinical practice guidelines (n = 21) found gaps in diversity-related content. Clinical practice guidelines have far-reaching health and economic impacts, and addressing disparities in the diversity of author teams and/or gaps in diversity-related content is of paramount importance.
Implant Placement With Graftless Sinus Floor Elevation via the Lateral Approach: A Case Series With 4 Years Post-Loading Radiographical Outcomes and Implant Survival Rate
Authors: Menassa Gabriel , Kassir Abdel Rahman , Landi Luca , Naaman Nada Bou Abboud , Chakar Carole 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the radiographical outcomes, survival rate, and amount of bone formation around implants placed during graftless lateral sinus lift approach (GLSLA). Five patients (6 sinus augmentations) were consecutively treated with GLSLA. After Schneiderian membrane elevation and implant insertion, only blood clot was left to fill the new sinus compartment. After 4 months of healing, implants were functionally loaded. in all cases, samples were taken for biopsy at the time of second-stage surgery. The radiographical marginal bone variations and apical bone gain were assessed using cone beam— computed tomography taken 4 months after the surgery (at crown insertion) and after 4 years of loading. A total of 14 implants were placed in a mean initial residual bone height of 3.1 mm (range 1.64 mm). No failure was recorded, and all the implants were successfully loaded yielding a 100% survival rate. Vital bone formation was 33% according to the histomorphometry data. Four years after loading the mean radiographic bone remodeling was 1.3 mm. The mean ridge height was 7.6 mm and the mean apical bone gain amounted for 3.8mm. Within the limitations of this study, the placement of dental implants in conjunction with GLSLA seems to be feasible and accompanied by high implant survival rate.
Ultrasonic Imaging Investigation of Tongue Movement Patterns of Cleft-Related Lateralized and Palatalized Misarticulation
Authors: Zhu Mengxian , Li Sheng , Zhou Guangchao , Wang Binbing , Jiang Chenghui , Shi Xinghui 
Published: November 2021

Objectives:
To explore the tongue movement patterns on Mandarin speaking children with repaired cleft palate with lateralized and palatalized misarticulation (LPM) using ultrasound imaging technique.

Methods:
A group of 20 subjects who were diagnosed with speech sound disorder after cleft palate repairment, and another group of 18 children with LPM were recruited. A group of 20 typical children were recruited as the control group. The ultrasonography was used to collect the articulation pattern of the 8 single vowels that are /a/, /o/, / ɘ/, /i/, /u/, /y/, /ɨ/, /ʉ/ in Mandarin Chinese. Various ultrasonic tongue parameters were analyzed from both sagittal and coronal planes.

Results:
Compared with the control group, coronal height of peak point, coronal tongue dorsum constraint index, sagittal peak point offset distance, sagittal distance between tongue tip and peak point, and sagittal tongue dorsum constraint index of /ɘ/,/i/, /y/ and /ɨ/ were significantly smaller in the cleft-related lateralized and palatalized group (CLP) and noncleft-related lateralized and palatalized group (NLP) (P
< 0.05). Compared with the noncleft-related later- alized and palatalized group and control group, sagittal peak point offset distance of the vowels /ɘ/ and /i/ was significant smaller in the cleft-related lateralized and palatalized group group (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
The ultrasound images on the children with cleft palate showed a midline elevation of the tongue and a significant apical constriction. The children with LPM showed a midline elevation at the coronal plane and anterior movement of the tongue high point at the sagittal plane. The apical vowels were more informative and accurate in indicating the features of LPM than other vowels.
Management of Palatal Fistula Using Superficial Circumflex Iliac Artery Perforator Flap With Intraoral Anastomosis and Supermicrosurgery Techniques
Authors: Zhang Guohao , Zhu Hongping , Zheng Lei 
Published: November 2021

Abstract:
Postoperative palatal fistula following primary cleft palate repair, especially wide and recurrent defects, presents significant challenges to management. When the fistula is surrounded by limited and scarred regional tissues, vascularized free flaps are recommended. The authors propose a novel method to repair a wide and recurrent palatal fistula resulting in excellent aesthetics and minor donor-site complications. The superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap was transferred with the application of intraoral anastomosis and supermicrosurgery techniques for palatal fistula closure.
Hard Tissue Preservation and Recovery in Minimally Invasive Alveolar Surgery Using Three-Dimensional Printing Guide Plate
Authors: Tang Xiaopeng , Lai Qingguo , Xue Runqi , Ci Jiangbo 
Published: November 2021

Background:
For completely impacted teeth, it is of great significance to locate teeth accurately, preserve hard tissue and recovering the height of alveolar ridge. This can be effectively solved by the digital three-dimensional printing guide technology.

Methods:
Ten patients with completely impacted tooth were selected in this experiment. After cone-beam computed tomography scan, the dicom formal computed tomography data was analyzed for threedimensional reconstruction by mimics 17.0 software. Then determining the surgical plan and making surgical guide plate. Threedimensional printing guide plate assisted piezosurgery was used to remove bone and extract impacted teeth. After that, the removed bone cap was back to the original position. Cone-beam computed tomography was used for each operated patients after 1 week and 6 months.

Result:
The surgical guide plates can locate teeth accurately and the surgery time was reduced for all patients. A week later, all patients healed well and removed the stitches on time. Cone-beam computed tomography showed that the retention of bone caps was good and there was no displacement. All patients showed a normal parameter of pain. Six months later, cone-beam computed tomography showed good bone formation in the extraction area, which filled with new bones completely. The recovery of bone outline and height of alveolar crest at the surgical site were basically consistent with those before the operation.

Conclusions:
Three-dimensional printing guide plates combining with fenestration and bone-cap restoration can locate impacted teeth accurately, reduce the extraction volume of bone, shorten surgery time, and alleviate complications. This was conducive to preserve and restore hard tissue and had great prospective.
Clinical Manifestations in Patients Wearing Ocular Prostheses
Authors: Kim Joohyun , Yoon Sumin , Lee Hyunkyu , Lee Hwa , Baek Sehyun 
Published: November 2021

Purpose:
This study aimed to assess upper and lower eyelid shapes and changes in patients wearing ocular prostheses.

Methods:
The authors retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of patients wearing ocular prostheses. Clinical manifestations, including superior sulcus deepening, ptosis, upper and lower eyelid entropion, upper and lower eyelid ectropion, upper and lower eyelid retraction, and upper and lower eyelid socket contracture were investigated.

Results:
For those patients who underwent evisceration, the most common clinical manifestations of the eyelid were superior sulcus deepening and ptosis (35%, respectively), whereas lower eyelid entropion and lower eyelid retraction were the second most common manifestations (25%, respectively). Among those patients who underwent enucleation, the most common eyelid changes were lower eyelid entropion (45.5%), and ptosis and lower eyelid socket contracture were the second most common alterations (36.4%, respectively). Finally, superior sulcus deepening, upper eyelid entropion, and lower eyelid retraction occurred in 27.3% of patients, respectively.

Conclusions:
Upper eyelid ptosis, superior sulcus deepening, and lower eyelid entropion and retraction were the most common clinical manifestations in patients wearing ocular prostheses. When following up with patients with ocular prostheses, it is important to check these eyelid changes and consider making appropriate corrections.
Analyses of Youtube Videos on Botox Treatment of Gummy Smile
Authors: Yagiz Ozlem , Yavuz Günay Yapici , Keskinruzgar Aydin , Acibadem Elif 
Published: November 2021

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to determine the content quality and accuracy of the YouTube videos about the Botox application during gummy smile treatment and to analyze the efficacy of these videos in informing the healthcare professionals and the patients.

Materials and Methods:
The first 200 videos resulting from the search on YouTube by using the keywords “gummy smile/Botox,” which were determined by Google Trends, were evaluated in the study. One hundred fourteen out of these 200 videos were included in the study. The videos were calculated using these descriptive features. A content scale consisting of 8 categories was used to determine the content levels of the videos and the video information and quality index scale was used to determine the quality level.

Results:
The most mentioned subjects in the videos were “Description” of the gummy smile and Botox treatment (71.9%), “Advantage” of Botox treatment (51.8%), “Procedure” (48.2%), and “Prognosis” (47.4%). The “Contraindication” was mentioned rarely (2.6%). A statistically significant difference was found between the videos with different content levels in terms of Description, Advantage, indication, Procedure, Complication, Prognosis, and Cost. Likewise, there was a statistically significant difference between videos in distinct content level groups in terms of video information and quality index total score.

Conclusions:
The quality of the YouTube videos about Botox applications in gummy smile treatment was found to be low in general. it is important for the physician who will perform the procedure to explain the procedure to the patients in detail. in addition, YouTube was determinedto be insufficient for accessing high-quality information for students, assistants, and specialist physicians.
Changes in Hyoid Bone Position Before and After Distraction Osteogenesis in Infants With Robin Sequence
Authors: Li Fan , Li Hehong , Hao Jiansuo , Gao Zijun , Wang Hongtao , Chen Yiyang 
Published: November 2021

Purpose:
To study the changes of hyoid position in infants with Robin sequence before and after mandibular distraction osteogenesis, and to explore the related factors.

Material and Methods:
Twenty-six infants with Robin sequence underwent bilateral mandibular distraction osteogenesis from May 2016 to April 2020. Three-dimensional computed tomography data of patients before and after surgery were analyzed with Materialise Mimics 17.0. Changes in the three-dimensional position of the hyoid bone were studied.

Results:
The angle between the long axis of the tongue body and hard palate plane, and the angle between the long axis of the tongue body and mandibular plane were significantly decreased after surgery than before surgery. The hyoid bone-cranial base vertical distance, hyoid bone-mental point distance, and hyoid bone - epiglottis distance were significantly increased after surgery. The differences in the above-mentioned data were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Changes in the angle between the long axis of the tongue body and the hyoid bone - mental point line correlated with changes in the position of the hyoid bone relative to the cervical spine (P
= 0.006). Postoperatively, the hyoid bone moved forward and the increase in the hyoid bone - mental point osseous distance interval (41.28%) was significantly greater than the increase in the hyoid bone-epiglottis distance (18.73%). Differences in the total mandibular length and the hyoid bone - cranial base vertical distance are related to the age at the operation (P < 0.05). The younger the age at the time of surgical intervention, the greater the difference before and after surgery for the same follow-up interval.

Conclusions:
The three-dimensional direction of the hyoid bone changes after the distraction osteogenesis of the mandible, and the hyoid bone moves downward and forward. Because the mandibular length and airway changed, the relative positions of the long axis of the tongue body on the sagittal plane rotated clockwise.
Sentinel Epileptiform Discharges Activating Two Seizure Networks on Intracranial EEG
Authors: Lapalme-Remis Samuel , Payne Eric T. , Brinkmann Benjamin H. , Britton Jeffrey W. 
Published: November 2021

Summary:
Sentinel epileptiform discharges (SEDs) are epileptiform transients preceding the onset of a focal seizure seen on scalp EEG. Despite their potential localizing value, formal study of SED has been limited. The authors report a patient with MRI-negative focal-onset epilepsy whose seizures on scalp and intracranial EEG were always preceded by SED. Although the location and morphology of the SED was invariable, the seizures after the discharge were of two clearly distinct types, each with different semiology and region of spread on intracranial EEG. This suggests that the SED played a role in activating two distinct seizure networks. A right temporal lobectomy with amygdalohippocampectomy was performed. The resection included both the region of the SED as well as the seizure-onset zone of the more common seizure type, achieving seizure freedom at 3 years after surgery. Further research exploring whether the localization of SED is a reliable indicator of the seizure-onset zone could aid surgical planning in patients whose seizures are preceded by SED.
Hairpin structure facilitates multiplex high-fidelity DNA amplification in real-time PCR
Authors: Zhang Kerou , Pinto Alessandro , Cheng Lauren Yuxuan , Song Ping , Dai Peng , Wang Michael , Rodriguez Luis , Weller Cailin , Zhang David Yu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractClinically and biologically, it is essential to detect rare DNA-sequence variants for early cancer diagnosis or drug-resistance mutations identification. Some of the common quantitative PCR (qPCR)-based variant detection methods are restricted in the limit of detection (LoD) because the DNA polymerases used have a high polymerase misincorporation rate, thus the detection sensitivity is sometimes unsatisfactory. With the proofreading activity, high-fidelity (HiFi) DNA polymerases have a 50- to 250-fold higher fidelity. However, there are currently no proper probe-based designs as the fluorescence indicator allowing multiplexed HiFi qPCR reactions, thus restricting the application of HiFi DNA polymerases like the variant detection. We presented the Occlusion System, composed of a 5’-overhanged primer with fluorophore modification and a probe with a short-stem hairpin and a 3’ quencher modification. We demonstrated that the Occlusion System allowed multiplexing HiFi qPCR reaction, and it was compatible with the current variant-enrichment method to improve the LoD up to 10-fold. Thus, the Occlusion System satisfactorily functioned as efficient fluorescence indicator in HiFi qPCR reactions and allowed application of HiFi DNA polymerases in variant detection methods to improve detection sensitivity.
Progressive enhancement of kinetic proofreading in T cell antigen discrimination from receptor activation to DAG generation
Authors: Britain Derek , Weiner Orion 
Published: November 2021

AbstractT cells use kinetic proofreading to discriminate antigens by converting small changes in antigen binding lifetime into large differences in cell activation, but where in the signaling cascade this computation is performed is unknown. Previously, we developed a light-gated immune receptor to probe the role of ligand kinetics in T cell antigen signaling. We found significant kinetic proofreading at the level of the signaling lipid diacylglycerol (DAG) but lacked the ability to determine where the multiple signaling steps required for kinetic discrimination originate in the upstream signaling cascade (Tischer and Weiner, 2019). Here we uncover where kinetic proofreading is executed by adapting our optogenetic system for robust activation of early signaling events. We find the strength of kinetic proofreading progressively increases from Zap70 recruitment to LAT clustering to downstream DAG generation. These data suggest a distributed kinetic proofreading mechanism, with proofreading steps both at the receptor and at downstream signaling events. Leveraging the ability of our system to rapidly disengage ligand binding, we measure slower reset rates for downstream signaling events. Our observations of distributed kinetic proofreading and slowed resetting of downstream steps suggest a basis of cooperativity between multiple active receptors with implications in tissue homeostasis, autoimmunity, and immunotherapy off-target effects.
Addressing medical and social needs to reduce unnecessary health care utilization and costs: a qualitative study
Authors: Liss David T. , Guzman Adriana , Walsh Emily E. , Shaunfield Sara , Brown Tiffany 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundThere are few if any well-known approaches to reducing avoidable health care utilization and costs in patients with social needs. This study’s objective was to explore the goals, and approaches to organizing and delivering care, of interventions attempting to reduce avoidable resource use by addressing patients’ medical and social needs.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with study investigators about early interventions in the peer-reviewed literature. A template analysis approach was used to review interview transcripts for common themes and create a final code list. Coder dyads separately coded each interview and resolved any discrepancies.ResultsInterviews were conducted with 15 investigators of interventions that delivered a variety of health services and addressed several individual social needs. Participants frequently described their overall goal as meeting patients’ diverse needs to prevent unnecessary acute care utilization. Reported approaches to addressing medical needs included assistance with receipt of primary care and care coordination across settings. Social needs were described as tightly linked with medical needs; addressing social support and housing were perceived as distinct from addressing other social needs. Participants described their overall approach to meeting patients’ needs in terms of establishing connections, partnership, respect, and being adaptable to patients’ priorities.ConclusionsFindings shed new light on how to simultaneously address medical and social needs. Opportunities for future research include evaluating different approaches to addressing medical needs (primary care versus care coordination), separately evaluating the impacts of housing or social support, and hiring and training procedures to promote trauma-informed, patient-centered care.
A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial ofde novoBelatacept-Based Immunosuppression in Lung Transplantation
Authors: Huang Howard J. , Schechtman Kenneth , Askar Medhat , Bernadt Cory , Mittler Brigitte , Dore Peter , Witt Chad , Byers Derek , Vazquez-Guillamet Rodrigo , Halverson Laura , Nava Ruben , Puri Varun , Gelman Andrew , Kreisel Daniel , Hachem Ramsey R. 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTThe development of donor-specific antibodies (DSA) after lung transplantation is common and results in adverse outcomes. In kidney transplantation, Belatacept has been associated with a lower incidence of DSA, but experience with Belatacept in lung transplantation is limited. We conducted a 2-center pilot randomized controlled trial ofde novoimmunosuppression with Belatacept after lung transplantation to assess the feasibility of conducting a pivotal trial. Twenty-seven participants were randomized to Control (Tacrolimus, Mycophenolate Mofetil, and prednisone, n = 14) or Belatacept-based immunosuppression (Tacrolimus, Belatacept, and prednisone until day 89 followed by Belatacept, Mycophenolate Mofetil, and prednisone, n = 13). All participants were treated with rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin for induction immunosuppression. We permanently stopped randomization and treatment with Belatacept after 3 participants in the Belatacept arm died compared to none in the Control arm. Subsequently, 2 additional participants in the Belatacept arm died for a total of 5 deaths compared to none in the Control arm (log rank p = 0.016). We did not detect a significant difference in DSA development, acute cellular rejection, or infection between the 2 groups. We conclude that this investigational regimen using Belatacept after lung transplantation is associated with significantly increased mortality.