bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 with Lipid Profile, MDA and AOPP in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Divya P. , Sivakamasundari R. Inmozhi , Jithesh T. K. , Santha K. , Shifa K. , Nakkeeran M. 
Published: December 2021

Background: Diabetes mellitus is rising all over the world due to population growth, aging, urbanisation, and the increase of obesity due to physical inactivity, characterized by persistent high blood glucose levels associated with aberrations in lipid, carbohydrate, and protein metabolisms leading to water and electrolyte imbalance. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of mortality in diabetic patients. Mechanisms such as oxidative stress, lipid metabolism imbalance, as well as myocardial cell apoptosis are key factors to facilitate the progression of Diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Aim: The aim of this study was to assess FGF-21 levels and their association with lipid profile parameters and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Methods: A patient based cross-sectional study was conducted among the subjects with history of type 2 DM for the past 10 years.
Results: Variations in FBS, T.C, TG, LDL, HDL, VLDL, FGF-21, MDA and AOPP levels among cases and controls were depicted in Table 2. There was an increase in all these parameters in cases compared to controls whereas HDL showed a decrease among cases.
Conclusion: Our study concluded that there is a significant correlation between fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21), oxidative stress, and abnormal lipid profile in type 2 diabetic patients. We would recommend further studies to explore the role of FGF21 as an important marker in predicting cardiovascular risk in diabetic patients.
Um manifesto queer para decolonizar a cultura pop
Authors: Gonzatti Christian 
Published: December 2021

Discuto possibilidades que vêm sendo corporificadas em alguns estudos, assim como desenvolvo reflexões sobre outros caminhos e desvios para queerificar o pop. Assim, através de surubas epistemológicas e metodológicas viso, aqui, a construção de orgasmos científicos capazes de pensar o pop no cu do mundo. Como um cidadão científico, bicha e fã, desdobro posições de uma “orgia de conhecimentos” críticos, reflexivos e transformadores do pop em um contexto latino-americano olhando para o seu cu. Manifesto: a cultura pop, feminina, transviada, sapatona, entrando em nossa bunda com seu imaginário cosmopolita latejante, enquanto a comemos com as pregas do nosso cu latino, jorrando porra utópica para todos os lados e gemendo de tesão a Nossa América. Uma suruba de saberes. Trans(a)metodológica. Um carnaval de paus, bucetas, cus, suor, ao som de divas, funk, samba, brega, reggaeton – corpos brancos, pretos, mestiços. Uma orgia política.
Mental Disorders Among Offspring Prenatally Exposed to Systemic Glucocorticoids
Authors: Laugesen Kristina , Skajaa Nils , Petersen Irene , Andersen Marianne Skovsager , Feldt-Rasmussen Ulla , Kejlberg Al-Mashhadi Sofie , Stewart Paul , Jørgensen Jens Otto Lunde , Sørensen Henrik Toft 
Published: January 2025

ImportanceCurrent evidence of the association between prenatal exposure to glucocorticoids and long-term mental disorders is scarce and has limitations.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between prenatal exposure to systemic glucocorticoids and mental disorders in offspring at the age of 15 years, comparing exposed vs unexposed offspring born to mothers with the same underlying disease (risk of preterm delivery and autoimmune or inflammatory disorders).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis nationwide population-based cohort study used data from registries in Denmark with follow-up until December 31, 2018. Participants included all Danish infants born alive from 1996 to 2016. Analyses were performed from January to December 2023.ExposuresPrenatal exposure to systemic glucocorticoids.Main Outcomes and MeasuresFifteen-year crude and adjusted risks, risk differences, and risk ratios (RR) for mental disorders using Kaplan-Meier estimator comparing exposed vs unexposed offspring born to mothers with the same underlying disease.ResultsA total of 1 061 548 infants (52% male) were included in the final study cohort, including 31 518 born to mothers at risk of preterm delivery and 288 747 born to mothers with autoimmune or inflammatory disorders. Among offspring born to mothers at risk of preterm delivery, the adjusted risks for exposed vs unexposed were 6.6% vs 4.3% (RR, 1.5 [95% CI, 1.2-1.9]) for autism spectrum disorders; 1.6% vs 1.3% (RR, 1.3 [95% CI, 0.8-1.8]) for intellectual disabilities; 5.8% vs 4.3% (RR, 1.3 [95% CI, 1.0-1.7]) for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); and 7.2% vs 4.6% (RR, 1.5 [95% CI, 1.1-2.0]) for mood, anxiety, and stress-related disorders. Among offspring born to mothers with autoimmune or inflammatory disorders, the adjusted risks for exposed vs unexposed were 4.8% vs 3.8% (RR, 1.3 [95% CI, 1.1-1.5]) for autism spectrum disorders; 1.1% vs 0.8% (RR 1.4, [95% CI, 0.9-2.0]) for intellectual disabilities; 5.5% vs 4.4% (RR, 1.3 [95% CI, 1.0-1.5]) for ADHD; and 6.6% vs 4.6% (RR, 1.4 [95% CI, 1.2-1.8]) for mood, anxiety, and stress-related disorders. Findings were confirmed through an active comparator and sibling design. However, confounding by disease severity could not be ruled out.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, prenatal exposure to glucocorticoids was associated with higher risk of some mental disorders. These data support continued caution in the use of glucocorticoids in pregnant people.
Multicolor Fine‐Tunable Upconversion Luminescence from a Single Nanoparticle for Full‐Color Displays with a Wide Color Gamut
Authors: Shin Seungyong , Lim Jun Pyo , Hong Yun‐Kun , Kyhm Jihoon , Hong A‐Ra , Kang Gumin , Ko Hyungduk , Oh Soong Ju , Jang Ho Seong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRecently, upconversion nanophosphor (UCNP)‐based displays have received increased attention, with emerging reports on transparent displays utilizing multicolor upconversion luminescence from single UCNPs. For these display devices, color reproducibility is one of the most essential properties and the multicolor‐emitting UCNPs are required to exhibit a wide color gamut (WCG) for enhanced color reproducibility. However, achieving both high brightness and WCG properties simultaneously remains challenging for multicolor‐emitting single UCNPs. Here, bright red/green/blue (RGB) orthogonal luminescent core@sextuple‐shell (C@6S) UCNPs showing a WCG under 800, 980, and 1532 nm near‐infrared (NIR) light is reported. Luminescent properties of various C@6S UCNPs with 6 distinct R‐G‐B configurations are investigated and a green‐emitting core coated with a red‐emitting inner shell and a blue‐emitting outer shell satisfied high brightness and WCG properties. The green‐emitting core‐based C@6S UCNPs showed multicolor tunability with high brightness and the widest color gamut value of 94.2% of the National Television System Committee color space among RGB‐emitting core@multishell UCNPs. Furthermore, potential full‐color displays utilizing the transparent C@6S UCNP‐polydimethylsiloxane composite and NIR light sources are demonstrated. These findings provide the criteria for synthesizing the RGB‐emitting single UCNPs exhibiting high brightness and a WCG and would be beneficial for the realization of true 3D full‐color displays.
Nanoconfined and Chemically Bonded MnO@Mn2O3 Heterojunctions Within Carbon Nanotubes for Fibrous Supercapacitor with Ultra‐Long Cycle Stability
Authors: Zhang Juan , Gao Rui , Yang Xiaona , Ma Qianyi , Zhang Haoze , Zhao Weinan , Xu Qingli , Pan Aixi , Chen Xinyi , Wang Jian , Chen Ning , Wang Xinhou , Yu Aiping , Zhang Kun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCarbon‐based fibrous supercapacitors (FSSCs) are promising power sources for wearable electronics, often compounding with transition metal oxides (TMOs) to improve energy density. However, conventional methods introducing TMOs onto exterior surfaces of carbon‐based fibers typically degrade electrical transport and cycle stability. Herein, nanoconfined MnO@Mn2O3 heterojunctions within carbon nanotube (CNT) (MOIC) composite FSSCs stabilized by Mn─O─C bonds, exhibiting record cycle stability with 95.7% capacitance retention after 10 000 cycles and 89.4% after 50 000 cycles are reported. X‐ray absorption near edge structure (XANES), X‐ray diffraction, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses confirm MnO@Mn2O3 heterostructure, which arises through a partial phase transformation from MnO to Mn2O3, as further supported by density functional theory calculations. Mn─O─C chemical bonds, as verified through XPS, extended X‐ray absorption fine structure, and XANES analyses, facilitate 3D electron transport, enabling MOIC composite fiber superior electrical conductivity than CNT fiber. The nanoconfinement of Mn2+ within CNTs, driven by capillary effects and electrostatic repulsion between protonated CNTs and Mn2+, preserves the clean exterior surfaces of CNTs. This configuration enables the successful wet‐spinning of MOIC composite fibers with three times the tensile strength of fibers without nanoconfinement. This work opens new pathways for designing carbon/metal oxide hybridized supercapacitors for wearable energy storage applications.
Nanoscale Metal‐Organic Framework Leveraging Water, Oxygen, and Hydron Peroxide to Generate Reactive Oxygen Species for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Zhu Zhong‐Hong , Zhang Le , Jia Shaorui , Ni Zhiqiang , Li Yun‐Lan , Zou Hua‐Hong , Yang Yutong , Hu Yating , Ding Dan , Tang Ben Zhong , Feng Guangxue 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSpatiotemporally increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level represents a promising and effective antitumor approach, but is significantly hindered by insufficient ROS sources within the tumor. Herein, a Cu‐porphyrin based nanoscale metal‐organic framework (nMOF) CuIIMOF is reported, which inherently integrates chemodynamic therapy (CDT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), and photocatalytic capabilities to generate intracellular ROS storm for cancer immunotherapy. Unlike conventional porphyrin‐based MOFs, CuIIMOF features nearly orthogonally aligned porphyrin skeletons, minimizing π–π stacking and preventing ROS self‐quenching. The Fenton‐like reaction of CuIIMOF depletes glutathione (GSH) and catalyzes H2O2 to generate hydroxyl radical (·OH) for CDT. Intriguingly, its unique topology and energy levels enable CuIIMOF to photocatalyze the splitting of H2O into ·OH, overcoming the limitations of oxygen/H2O2 dependence in PDT and CDT. Moreover, the reduced CuICuIIMOF, formed during the Fenton‐like reaction, exhibits further enhanced lighted‐triggered ROS generation. Thus, the developed CuIIMOF and CuICuIIMOF nanosheets can utilize H2O2, O2, and H2O as the source to generate a remarkable intracellular ROS storm through a synergetic CDT/PDT/photocatalytic combination. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments further demonstrate that the spatiotemporally generated ROS could effectively provoke ferroptosis and immunogenic cell death, eliciting substantial anti‐tumor immune response for cancer immunotherapy.
Atomic Cluster Outperforms Single Atom in Hydrogen Evolution and Hydrazine Oxidation for Energy‐Efficient Water Splitting
Authors: Liu Chunhua , Wu Shuwen , Yang Yang , Wei Jinshan , Chen Shujing , Sun Xiao‐Qing , Luo Shuiping , Hussain Muhammad Bilal , Feng Renfei , Fu Xian‐Zhu , Liu Shao‐Qing , Luo Jing‐Li 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe hydrazine‐assisted water splitting (HzAWS) is promising for energy‐saving hydrogen production. However, developing efficient bifunctional catalysts that exert hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR) at industrial‐grade current densities remains challenging. Here, RuC‐NiCoP catalyst, ruthenium clusters (RuC) immobilized onto NiCoP, is developed to elucidate the superior performance of RuC in enhancing bifunctional electrocatalytic activity over ruthenium single atoms (RuSA). The RuC‐NiCoP achieves current densities of 10 and 100 mA cm−2 for HER and HzOR with working potentials of −10 and −89 mV, respectively, outperforming RuSA‐NiCoP (−16 and −65 mV). During HzAWS, a cell voltage reduction of 1.77 V at 300 mA cm−2 is observed compared to overall water splitting. Density functional theory calculations reveal that RuC improves the adsorption energy for H2O and N2H4, optimizes the H* intermediate desorption, and reduces the dehydrogenation barrier from *N2H3 to *N2H2. Additionally, the direct hydrazine fuel cell with a RuC‐NiCoP anode delivers an impressive power density of 226 mW cm−2 and enables a self‐powered hydrogen production system, achieving an unprecedented hydrogen production rate of 4.9 mmol cm−2 h−1. This work offers a new perspective on developing efficient sub‐nanoscale bifunctional electrocatalysts and advancing practical energy‐saving hydrogen production techniques.
1.6‐Inch Transparent Micro‐Display with Pixel Circuit Integrated microLED Chip Array by Misalignment‐Free Transfer
Authors: Hwang Kyungwook , Hwang Junsik , Kim Yongchan , Song Sanghoon , Kong Kiho , Oh Youngtek , Chung Deukseok , Yu Min‐Chul , Kim Dongho , Park Joon‐Yong , Moon Jinho , Kim Sungi , Kim Tae‐Gon , Lee Gyuhyung , Yeom Min Jae , Kim Joosung , Shin Dong‐Chul , Kim Dong Kyun , Hong Seog Woo , Kim‐Lee Hyun‐Joon , Jeong Jaewook , Lee Hojin , Yoo Geonwook 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRecent advances in mass transfer technology are expected to bring next‐generation micro light‐emitting diodes (µLED) displays into reality, although reliable integration of the active‐matrix backplane with the transferred µLEDs remains as a challenge. Here, the µLED display technology is innovated by demonstrating pixel circuit‐integrated micro‐LEDs (PIMLEDs) and integrating them onto a transparent glass substrate. The PIMLED comprises of low‐temperature poly‐silicon transistors and GaN µLED. The square‐shaped PIMLED is designed to secure a larger process margin but to reduce misalignment in the subsequent bonding process. Its unique four‐fold rotational symmetric design together with concentric circular pixel electrodes of the substrate makes their massive transfer compatible with intrinsic randomness of fluidic‐based transfer and free from angular misalignment during wafer bonding. The vertically integrated pixels show similar optical and electrical properties regardless of four possible arrangements. It is demonstrated that a 96 × 96 PIMLED display on a transparent glass substrate, which is expected to open a door to novel form‐factor free and transparent µLED displays.
Adaptive sampling Bayesian algorithm for constrained black‐box optimization problems
Authors: Fan Shuyuan , Hong Xiaodong , Liao Zuwei , Ren Congjing , Yang Yao , Wang Jingdai , Yang Yongrong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractConstrained black‐box optimization (CBBO) has become increasingly popular in process optimization. Algorithms often encounter difficulties in balancing feasibility and optimality, with some even failing to find feasible solutions. This article introduces an adaptive sampling Bayesian optimization algorithm (ASBO) to solve CBBO problems effectively. The developed infill sampling criterion introduces an adaptive acquisition function to facilitate multistage optimization. The three stages consist of exploring feasible solutions, balancing feasibility and optimality, and optimizing. Furthermore, a hybrid method is proposed for complex problems. A gradient‐based optimizer (GBO) aids in constructing the posterior distribution, thereby enhancing the identification of feasible regions. Additionally, four auxiliary strategies are developed to enhance stability and accelerate convergence in simulation‐based optimization. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is validated through three benchmark problems and two process optimization cases. Comparative analysis against state‐of‐the‐art algorithms demonstrates better iteration efficiency of ASBO algorithms.
Droplet contact numbers and contact probabilities in liquid‐liquid dense‐packed zones
Authors: Sibirtsev Stepan , Thiel Lukas , Kirsanov Andrey , Jupke Andreas 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDense‐packed zones (DPZs) are crucial in designing equipment for liquid‐liquid phase separation processes, as the DPZ height affects apparatus size. This article presents an open‐access simulation approach to determine droplet contact numbers and probabilities, which are vital for modeling the deformation and coalescence of polydisperse droplets in a DPZ. The simulation is applied to three technical cases to assess how droplet size distribution (DSD) shapes impact contact numbers and probabilities. Sensitivity analysis reveals that broader DSDs and larger droplet classes lead to higher contact numbers. In contrast, contact probability is primarily determined by droplet class diameter and its number probability within the DSD, showing an almost linear relationship. These results highlight the significance of DSD shape and droplet class diameter in predicting droplet contact numbers and probabilities in DPZs, providing valuable insights for future modeling of liquid‐liquid phase separation.
A mechanism linking sleep with CSF‐to‐Blood toxins clearance
Authors: Alperin Noam , Burman Ritambhar 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundClearance of brain toxins occurs during sleep, although the mechanism remains unknown. Previous studies implied that the intracranial aqueductal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) oscillations are involved, but no mechanism was suggested. The rationale for focusing on the aqueductal CSF oscillations is unclear. This study focuses on the cranio–spinal CSF oscillation and the factors that modulate this flow. We propose a mechanism where increased cranio–spinal CSF movements enhance CSF‐to‐blood metabolic waste clearance through the spinal CSF re‐absorption sites, by increased the transfer of toxins from the toxin‐ rich cranial CSF to the toxin‐poor spinal CSF. A recent study demonstrating that disturbed sleep impairs CSF‐to‐blood but not brain to‐CSF clearance, supports the fundamentals of our proposed mechanism.MethodEight healthy subjects underwent phase‐contrast magnetic resonance imaging to quantify the effect of respiration on the cranio–spinal CSF oscillations. Maximal CSF volume displaced from the cranium to the spinal canal during each respiration and cardiac cycle were derived as measures of cranio–spinal CSF mixing level, Displaced CSF volume was measured during normal breathing (NB) and Slow deep abdominal breathing (SAB). Displaced CSF volume between the 3rd and 4th ventricl3es during normal breathing were also measured.ResultTransition from normal to slow and abdominal breathing resulted in a 56% increase in the maximal displaced CSF volume. Maximal change in the arterial–venous blood volume, which is the driving force of the CSF oscillations, was increased by 41% during slow abdominal breathings. Displaced CSF volume between the ventricles during each oscillation were about 10‐fold smaller than the discalced CSF volume between the ventricles.ConclusionCranio–spinal CSF oscillations are driven by the momentary difference between arterial inflow and venous outflow. Breathing modulates the CSF oscillation through changes in the venous outflow. The amount of toxins being transferred to the spinal canal during each respiratory cycle is significantly increased during slow and deeper abdominal breathing, which explains enhanced CSF‐to‐blood toxins clearance during slow‐wave sleep and poor clearance during disrupted sleep.
Prefrontal Hemodynamic Activity during Working Memory Challenges: Investigating Stimulus Influence
Authors: Lim Seungju , Park Ji‐Hyuk 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundResearch on hemodynamic responses in the prefrontal cortex during working memory tasks has mainly been performed in cognitive neuroscience research. However, the specific stimuli contributing to working memory deficits in major depressive disorder (MDD) are currently lacking. This study aims to compare working memory performance and prefrontal cortex activation in individuals with MDD and healthy controls during working memory tasks involving textual, visual, and emotional stimuli.MethodFunctional near‐infrared spectroscopy was utilized to record hemodynamic responses from 71 adults (30 with MDD and 41 controls) during the 2‐back tasks with four stimulus types: numbers, letters, polygons, and facial expressions. Working memory performance was measured by accuracy and reaction time during the tasks, and hemodynamic responses were collected by oxyhemoglobin (HbO) activation of the prefrontal cortex during the tasks.ResultMDD demonstrated lower working memory performance than controls during polygon and facial expression‐based 2‐back tasks, while there was no significant difference under number and letter conditions. MDD under the polygon stimulus exhibited abnormal HbO activation in the bilateral ventrolateral prefrontal cortex compared to controls, while under the facial expression stimulus, it showed exclusive abnormal HbO activation in the left medial prefrontal cortex, bilateral orbito prefrontal cortex, and bilateral ventrolateral prefrontal cortex.ConclusionThese findings indicate the importance of stimuli that require cognitive processing not only for logical aspects, such as polygons, but also for emotional aspects, like facial expressions, in evaluating hemodynamic responses of prefrontal cortex and working memory abilities in individuals with MDD.