bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development a set of mathematical models for anomaly detection in high-load complex computer systems
Authors: Meleshko Yelyzaveta , Yakymenko Mykola , Mikhav Volodymyr , Shulika Yaroslav , Davydov Viacheslav 
Published: December 2024

The subject of this study is the process of anomaly detection in high-load complex computer systems (HLCCSs). The task addressed in the paper is the lack of real-time anomaly detection models in HLCCS with a specified accuracy. A set of mathematical models for real-time anomaly detection has been built and investigated. This set includes a mathematical model for detecting anomalous connections between components of computer system (DACCCSs) and a mathematical model for assessing current state of computer system (CSACS).
The results of models tests showed the following efficiency metrics. For a DACCCS model: accuracy – 84 %, positive predictive value – 87 %, recall – 74 %, and weighted average accuracy (WAA) – 78 %. For a CSACS model: accuracy – 91 %, positive predictive value – 82 %, recall – 68 %, and WAA – 67 %.
The positive results of the study can be attributed to the following factors. A DACCCS model uses projection matrices and orthogonal vector functions to analyze anomalies. This enables the creation of spatial decompositions that reveal complex interrelationships between system components using only eigenvalues and eigenvectors. A CSACS model applies the singular value decomposition method, which implies solving a system of scalar equations to determine the current state of the system. This approach minimizes computational costs compared to methods requiring the solution of complex matrix equations. Thus, the model could be applied for real-time data analysis and anomaly detection under conditions of limited resources and high system load.
The practical application scope includes HLCCS, such as banking transaction servers and cloud platforms, in which it is essential to enable stable operation under high request amount and to minimize the risk of data loss or service failure
Determining the impact of plastering materials on temperature distribution in lightweight concrete enclosure structures exposed to fire
Authors: Bula Serhiy 
Published: December 2024

The object of this study is lightweight concrete wall structures treated with various types of conventional plasters. The problem addressed in the paper is to determine the effectiveness of different types of plastering to protect walls from the effects of high temperatures and improve the fire resistance of structures.
The samples of one series were fabricated by plastering the aerated concrete wall with a cement-lime plaster while the samples of the other series were plastered with vermiculite-perlite plaster. Samples of the third series were made without plastering (control series). In accordance with the research program, the distribution of temperatures under fire load was determined for all series.
Studies have shown that wall structures plastered with verliculite-perlite mortar demonstrated 3.8 times better thermal insulation characteristics compared to plastering with cement-lime mortar. The fire protection effect of plastering (compared to non-plastered samples) for vermiculite-perlite solution was 6.3 times, and for cement-lime – 1.6. Adhesion failure was observed in cement-lime plaster under high temperatures, highlighting the need for additional fixing when applied to lightweight concrete walls. Theoretical analysis of the results revealed a discrepancy of up to 19 % with the experimental findings.
The high thermal insulation properties of vermiculite-perlite plasters in comparison with cement-lime plasters are well known. A distinctive feature of this study is the quantitative determination of temperature distribution for the investigated plasters under conditions approximating real fire exposure.
The findings of this research can be applied to the design of buildings and structures requiring enhanced fire resistance for wall systems
Design of an integrated defense-in-depth system with an artificial intelligence assistant to counter malware
Authors: Zhuravchak Danyil , Opanovych Maksym , Tolkachova Anastasiia , Dudykevych Valerii , Piskozub Andrian 
Published: December 2024

The object of this study is multi-layered cybersecurity systems for detecting and countering advanced persistent threats through the integration of machine learning technologies, artificial intelligence, and multi-layered security systems. The task relates to the need to design adaptive detection systems capable of effectively responding to new and modified threats while improving accuracy and minimizing delays. An integrated approach was devised in the study, which combines conventional detection methods (signature analysis, correlation rules) with modern technologies such as machine learning and Artificial Intelligence assistants. Each layer of the system showed varying levels of effectiveness: for example, antivirus solutions were most effective at detecting known threats but failed to cope with modified threats, which were detected by correlation rules. Machine learning proved most effective at detecting fileless attacks and anomalous activity that other tools could not detect. It is through the combination of these methods that the detection system proved to be effective, providing a high level of protection. The results are due to the efficiency of combining several layers of defense, in which each subsequent layer compensates for the shortcomings of the previous one. Antivirus solutions detected 100 % of known threats, while correlation rules identified all modified malicious files. Overall, the system was able to detect 98 % of malicious files and 99 % of tactics, techniques, and procedures used in advanced persistent threats attacks. A unique feature of the research is the integration of the Artificial Intelligence assistant, which automates threat analysis processes and speeds up response times by leveraging historical data and the context of past incidents. This reduces the workload on cybersecurity specialists and improves the overall effectiveness of the detection system, allowing for the quick identification of new threats and a reduction in false positives. Practical application of the results is possible in various critical sectors, including financial institutions, government organizations, and energy companies. The system demonstrates high flexibility and scalability, making it possible to easily adapt to different infrastructures and types of threats
Applying chia seeds to improve the structural characteristics and nutrient composition of whipped candies
Authors: Shydakova-Kameniuka Olena , Zagorulko Aleksey , Kasabova Kateryna , Mikhaylov Valeriy , Shkliaiev Oleksii , Rohova Alla , Novik Аnna , Lapytska Nadiia 
Published: December 2024

The object of this study is the technology of whipped candies with the introduction of whole and crushed chia seeds. Whole seeds were added at the stage of whipping the protein (% of the mass of dry egg albumin), and crushed seeds were added during the preparation of the milk-fat mixture (% of the mass of fat). The introduction of the additive solves the task of improving the structural characteristics of whipped candy masses and candies made on their basis. The issue of improving the nutritional composition of products has also been resolved.
It was established that the introduction of whole chia seeds (up to 50 % of the mass of dry egg albumin included) contributes to the improvement of the foaming of brewed protein masses during whipping and to the reduction of their density. Increasing the dosage of chia causes the deterioration of these indicators. In view of this, it is recommended to limit its dosage to 50 % of the weight of dry albumin when adding whole seeds to the brewed whipped protein mass.
It was noted that when adding whole/crushed chia seeds in the amount of (50/40) %, (50/50) %, and (50/60) % of the mass of dry albumin/fat, the viscosity of unstructured candy masses increases slightly. Due to this, the duration of their structure formation is reduced, and the rate of shrinkage decreases. Whipped candies from such masses, compared to the control ones, are characterized by higher values of adhesion, strength, and density indicators. However, the visual deterioration of the porosity and compaction of the structure is characteristic only of the samples with the content of whole/crushed seeds (50/60) %. That is, the rational dosage of whole/crushed chia seeds is (50/50) % of the weight of dry albumin/fat.
Such products are characterized by improved nutrient composition. In particular, the content of proteins and non-starch polysaccharides increases, the balance of fats improves, and the content of micronutrients such as polyphenols, minerals, and vitamins increases significantly
Optimization of data transmission in sensor networks for enhanced control of ozonator efficiency
Authors: Abdykadyrov Askar , Marxuly Sunggat , Tolen Gulzhaina , Kuttybayeva Ainur , Abdullayev Mukhit , Sharipova Gulnar 
Published: December 2024

The main object of the research is the efficiency of real-time ozonator control based on sensor networks. The study addressed the issue of low efficiency in ozonator control systems and the lack of reliability and speed in real-time data transmission. The research revealed that changes in pressure and temperature have a direct impact on ozone concentration. This finding made it possible to increase the ozonator's productivity by 15 %, reduce energy consumption by 10 %, and improve system reliability by 20 %. The key features of the results include the ability to monitor ozone levels in real-time, maintaining the stability of the ozonator, and optimizing its performance. Additionally, sensor networks ensured fast and accurate data delivery, enhancing the energy efficiency and reliability of the system. These results were explained based on experimental data that demonstrated how changes in pressure and temperature affect ozone concentration. The use of sensor networks contributed to increased system stability, reduced energy consumption, and improved control accuracy. The obtained results can be applied to ozonator systems and other fields requiring real-time environmental monitoring and control. The methods proposed in the study provide opportunities for optimizing industrial processes, reducing costs, and achieving sustainable development goals
Determining the characteristics of contact interaction between structural elements with varied properties of surface layers
Authors: Tkachuk Mykola M. , Domina Natalia , Tkachuk Ganna , Grabovskiy Andriy , Tkachuk Mykola A. , Shut Olexandr , Zavorotnii Anton , Lipeiko Andrii 
Published: December 2024

The object of this study is the stressed-strained state of contacting elements of close-shaped machine-building structures. The presence and flexibility of surface layers and coatings are modeled. There are cases of the matching shape of the contacting surfaces of bodies, as well as the perturbation of the shape of these surfaces. The task being solved relates to the fact that the analysis methods of such bodies contact interaction are not yet sufficiently developed.
It was established that for the case of the matching shape of contacting surfaces, the contact area does not depend on the level of loads. In this case, the contact pressure distribution is proportional to the operating load. Such features of the solution do not depend on the properties of the materials of surface layers. A different case is when the shape of the contacting surfaces of bodies is disturbed. In particular, it was established that the properties of the materials of surface layers exert a strong influence on the shape and dimensions of bodies contact area, as well as on the distribution of contact pressure (the difference is 1.5–2.5 times or more).
The theory of variational inequalities is used to model the stressed-strained state of contacting bodies. As a result, the problem about contact interaction of bodies with surfaces of close shape is reduced to the problem of minimizing the modified energy functionality. The minimization is carried out on a set of distributions of displacements, which describes conditions of bodies not penetrating each other. The finite element method is used to discretize the problem of determining the stressed-strained state of contacting bodies. The parametric model built makes it possible to determine the stressed-strained state of contacting bodies when the disturbance of the nominal shape of the bodies and the properties of their surface layers is varied
Development of an adaptive multi-channel correlation sidelobe canceller for active noise interference based on the Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization procedure
Authors: Zhuk Serhii , Chmelov Viacheslav , Tereshchenko Oleksandr 
Published: December 2024

The object of the study is the process of adapting a multi-channel correlation sidelobe canceller to work in conditions of radio-electronic countermeasures based on the Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization procedure. The proposed approach allows developing a fast, recursive algorithm for searching for optimal values of weight coefficients. Such an algorithm will ensure fast adaptation of the sidelobe canceller to a complex interference-target situation, which can change rapidly. The obtained result of the coefficient of suppression of active noise interference in a constant value approaches the optimal value determined by the Wiener-Hopf equation, which indicates the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
By using the Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization procedure, it was possible to obtain high stability of the procedures for calculating the optimal values of weight coefficients, in contrast to other considered approaches. The proposed approach can be practically implemented in existing radar systems for suppressing active noise interference.
During the study, it was found that the adaptive multi-channel correlation sidelobe canceller in a steady-state mode works similarly to adaptive phased antenna arrays - it has the same efficiency in spatial signal selection and in compensation of active noise interference.
When suppressing four active noise interference, the suppression coefficient is –23.35 dB. With an increase in the number of interferences at the input of the four-channel sidelobe canceller, the suppression level deteriorates rapidly. With five, six, seven, eight interferences – –22.90 dB, –21.54 dB, –20 dB, –17.02 dB, respectively. Such changes are due to the number of active interferences, which is greater than the number of compensation channels
Kajian Beberapa Karakteristik Fisika Tanah pada Beberapa Umur Tanaman Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica L.) di Kecamatan Ketol Kabupaten Aceh Tengah
Authors: Mardiah Rabiatul Afivah , Marfarizah Manfarizah , Arabia Teti 
Published: December 2024

Abstrak. Umur tanaman yang berbeda pada ordo tanah yang sama dapat mempengaruhi sifat fisika tanah seperti permeabilitas, porositas, serta bahan organik tanah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei deskriptif kuantitatif, yang didasarkan pada pengamatan lapangan dan uji laboratorium. Pengambilan sampel tanah dipilih berdasarkan perbedaan umur tanaman kopi Arabika (2 tahun, 6 tahun, dan 10 tahun) dengan jenis tanah dan pengelolaan tanaman yang sama. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan dua cara, yaitu sampel tanah utuh maupun sampel tanah tidak utuh. Sampel tanah utuh diambil menggunakan ring sampel pada kedalaman 30 – 40 cm dan sampel tanah tidak utuh diambil menggunakan bor tanah pada kedalaman 0 – 20 cm. Berdasarkan hasil analisis sifat fisika tanah di laboratorium dapat ditarik kesimpulan sebagai berikut: Nilai bobot isi tanah tergolong ke dalam kriteria tinggi. Nilai permeabilitas terendah dijumpai pada lahan berumur 6 tahun dengan nilai rata-rata 1,75 cm.jam-1 (agak lambat) dan nilai tertinggi dijumpai pada lahan berumur 2 tahun dengan nilai rata-rata 2,59 cm.jam-1 (sedang). Study of Several Soil Physical Characteristics at Several Ages of Arabica Coffee Plants (Coffea arabica L.) in Ketol District, Central Aceh RegencyAbstract. Different crop ages in the same soil order can affect soil physical properties such as permeability, porosity, and soil organic matter. This research uses a quantitative descriptive survey method, which is based on field observations and laboratory tests. Soil sampling was selected based on different ages of Arabica coffee plants (2 years, 6 years, and 10 years) with the same soil type and crop management. Sampling was carried out in two ways, namely intact soil samples and non-intact soil samples. Intact soil samples were taken using a sampling ring at a depth of 30-40 cm and non-intact soil samples were taken using a soil drill at a depth of 0-20 cm. Based on the results of the analysis of soil physical properties in the laboratory, the following conclusions can be drawn: The value of soil content weight is classified into high criteria. The lowest permeability value is found in 6-year-old land with an average value of 1.75 cm.h-1 (rather slow) and the highest value is found in 2-year-old land with an average value of 2.59 cm.h-1 (medium).
Central macular thickness after uneventful phacoemulsification and MSICS: A prospective comparison
Authors: Maurya Rajendra Prakash , Devi Asha , Singh V P 
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare central macular thickness using spectral domain OCT in patients undergoing small incision cataract surgery and phacoemulsification. This prospective, comparative and observational study was conducted on 120 cataract patients. They were equally divided into Group 1 and Group 2. Group 1 patients who underwent phacoemulsification and Group 2 who underwent MSICS. In both groups macular thickness using OCT was recorded preoperatively and postoperatively at 1 day, 1, 4, 6 weeks. Macular thickness changes were analyzed and compared. : There was an increase in central macular thickness Post cataract surgery which was more (240.07 ± 21.28) in patients who underwent small incision cataract surgery up to 6 weeks as compared to the patients who underwent phacoemulsification was (220.73 ± 12.75) with p value &#60; 0.05. However, there was no significant association with the age, gender and preoperative central macular thickness. Increase in macular thickness remained subclinical and there was no significant association with the age, gender and pre-operative central macular thickness.
Effect of glycated hemoglobin levels on intraocular pressure in patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Suresh Kirtana , Acharlu Pallavi B , Vijayalekshmi Sujatha , Srivastava Vijay Kumar 
Published: December 2024

: To investigate the effect of chronic hyperglycemia as determined by high glycated hemoglobin on intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with diabetes & to recognize the patients at high risk of developing glaucoma.100 patients (n=200 eyes) of age 40 years and above were studied in five groups. They were grouped as diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy, mild/moderate/ severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Data recorded were age, sex, intraocular pressure by noncontact tonometer and grades of diabetic retinopathy in each eye. Mean IOP was found to be 15±2.81mmHg in patients with HbA1c levels between 6-8%, 14.81±2.63 mmHg in patients with HbA1c levels between 8-10% and 17.423±3.05 mmHg in patients with HbA1c more than 10%. Out of 100 patients, a total of 16 patients had IOP more than 20mmHg in one or both the eyes. The Pearson correlation between HbA1c and IOP was 0.305, with a p value of 0.001 indicating statistical significance. Additionally, it has been found that the correlation between HbA1c levels and IOP is non-linear.: Our results showed that hyperglycemic levels as determined by increased HbA1c levels were found to be associated with increased IOP in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Risk factors for presenile cataract
Authors: Yamini K  , Rashmi G  
Published: December 2024

To assess the risk factors causing presenile cataract.: This was a cross sectional study comprised of 80 patients in a tertiary care centre in kolar district, who underwent comprehensive eye examination with detailed history including systemic diseases and usage of medication. Complete ophthalmological examination included best corrected visual acuity using Snellens visual acuity chart, anterior segment evaluation with slit-lamp biomicroscopy and intraocular pressure measurement using non-contact tonometer. After pupillary dilatation with topical phenylephrine-tropicamide eye drops, cataract was graded with slit lamp examination and posterior segment evaluation was performed using Indirect ophthalmoscopy. The study consisted of 80 patients of which 53 were females (66%) and 27 males (34%). Out of 80 patients, 10 (13%) patients had history of tobacco consumption, 6 (8%) had history of ocular trauma, 39 (49%) patients were field workers, 9 (11.3%) patients had used corticosteroids for long duration. 5 (6.3%) patients were diabetic, 2 (2.5%) were known hypertensive, 1 (1.3%) patient was high myopic and 1 (1.3%) had bronchial asthma.3 (3.8%) patients were diagnosed with dermatological diseases and were on treatment.: Presenile cataract is most commonly associated with exposure to UV light, steroids usage and consumption of tobacco.So, Personal lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking and avoiding radiation exposure will aid in delaying or preventing the early onset of cataract and thereby preventing blindness.
Assessing corneal alterations in endocrine disorders: a cross sectional observational clinical study
Authors: Sunanda Rangumudri Sai , Behera Sharmistha , Sahu Biswanath , Sahu Sasmita , Das Arpita 
Published: December 2024

: Corneal alterations are frequent in many endocrine disorders like Graves Ophthalmopathy and Diabetes mellitus. It is a challenge to an ophthalmologist for early detection of such change as it can prevent visual impairment.Clinical assessment of corneal alterations in endocrine disorders.: A prospective observational hospital-based study conducted over a period of 2 years including 150 patients of different endocrine disorders. In each patient meticulous history taking, complete ophthalmological tests including slit lamp biomicroscopy, ocular surface staining, TBUT, schirmer’s test I, CCT measured by pachymetry, endothelial parameters like ECD, CV, HEX measured by clinical specular microscope.: The study revealed an age range of 14 to 82 years with a mean age of 48.43±14.2 years, and a male to female ratio of 1.34:1. Prevalent endocrine disorders included Type 2 DM (64.7%), Grave’s Ophthalmopathy (12%), Hypothyroidism (13.3%), Type-1 DM (4.7%), Hyperparathyroidism (2%), Cushing’s syndrome (2.7%), and Addison’s disease (0.7%). Epithelial abnormalities like SPK were found in 28.57% in DM1, 19.59% in DM2, and 25% in hypothyroidism. Corneal ulcers were present in 4.1% of DM2 patients and 11.1% of GO patients. Exposure keratopathy (44.4%) and SLKC (11.1%) were exclusive to GO. Diminished corneal sensation was observed in 28.6% of DM1, 26.8% of DM2, and 22.4% of GO cases. Dry eye was prevalent in 14.3% of DM1, 32% of DM2, 55.6% of GO, and 35% of hypothyroid patients. Changes in central corneal thickness (CCT) and endothelial cell density (ECD) were significant in both DM1 and DM2 groups, with increased CCT and decreased ECD. Additionally, coefficient of variation (CV) was elevated in both DM1 and DM2, while endothelial hexagonality (HEX) was decreased significantly in both groups.: The present study showed that different corneal alterations can be possible in endocrine disorders. So all endocrine disorders should undergo comprehensive ophthalmological examination to prevent visual impairment.