bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low voltage and high voltage ride‐through technologies for doubly fed induction generator system: Comprehensive review and future trends
Authors: Din Zakiud , Zhang Jianzhong , Xu Zheng , Zhang Yaqian , Zhao Jin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe advantages, such as the mature control method, less volume of the converter and generator, make the doubly fed induction generator system prevalent in the wind power industry. Nevertheless, the doubly fed induction generator is more susceptible to grid faults and disturbances. The instantaneous high voltage fault may occur due to the excessive local reactive power after the doubly fed induction generator system achieving low voltage ride through, and then the wind turbine might be disconnected again. Hence, not only the low voltage ride through but also high voltage ride through capability should be required for the doubly fed induction generator system to meet the grid code requirements. A comprehensive review of the state of the art low voltage ride through and high voltage ride through technologies for the doubly fed induction generator system is presented. Firstly, different types of common low voltage ride through and high voltage ride through techniques are classified according to their features, i.e. auxiliary hardware, linear or nonlinear control strategies etc. The pros and cons of different low voltage ride through and high voltage ride through techniques are given. Furthermore, the latest developments of low voltage ride through and high voltage ride through technologies are introduced. Finally, the future trends of both the low voltage ride through and high voltage ride through technologies are discussed.
A Practical, One-Clinic Visit Protocol for Pharmacokinetic Profile Generation with the ADVATE myPKFiT Dosing Tool in Severe Hemophilia A Subjects
Authors: Blanchette Victor S. , Zunino Laura , Grassmann Viviane , Barnes Chris , Carcao Manuel D. , Curtin Julie , Jackson Shannon , Khoo Liane , Komrska Vladimir , Lillicrap David , Morfini Massimo , Romanova Gabriela , Stephens Derek , Zapotocka Ester , Rand Margaret L. , Blatny Jan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractStandard pharmacokinetic (PK) assessments are demanding for persons with hemophilia A, requiring a 72-hour washout and 5 to 11 timed blood samples. A no-washout, single-clinic visit, sparse sampling population PK (PPK) protocol is an attractive alternative. Here, we compared PK parameters obtained with a traditional washout, 6-sampling time point PPK protocol with a no-washout, single-clinic visit, reverse 2-sampling time point PPK protocol in persons with severe hemophilia A (SHA) receiving ADVATE. A total of 39 inhibitor-negative males with SHA (factor VIII activity [FVIII:C] < 2%) were enrolled in a prospective sequential design PK study. Participants completed a washout, 6-sampling time point PPK protocol as well as a no-washout, reverse 2-sampling time point protocol, with samples taken during a single 3-hour clinic visit 24 hours post home infusion of FVIII and then 3 hours post infusion in clinic. FVIII:C levels were analyzed by one-stage and chromogenic assays; blood group and von Willebrand factor antigen (VWF:Ag) were determined; and PK parameters were analyzed using the ADVATE myPKFiT dosing tool. There was moderate to almost perfect agreement for the PK parameters obtained with the 2- and the 6- point PPK protocols using a one-stage FVIII:C assay and a substantial to almost perfect agreement using a chromogenic FVIII:C assay. Significant associations between specific PK parameters and blood group and VWF:Ag were observed. The no-washout, single-clinic visit, reverse 2-sampling time point PPK protocol can be used in the routine clinical setting since it demonstrates sufficient accuracy compared with the more demanding and less practical washout, 6-sampling time point PPK protocol in persons with SHA receiving ADVATE.
Patient Cohort Identification on Time Series Data Using the OMOP Common Data Model
Authors: Maier Christian , Kapsner Lorenz A. , Mate Sebastian , Prokosch Hans-Ulrich , Kraus Stefan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background The identification of patient cohorts for recruiting patients into clinical trials requires an evaluation of study-specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. These criteria are specified depending on corresponding clinical facts. Some of these facts may not be present in the clinical source systems and need to be calculated either in advance or at cohort query runtime (so-called feasibility query).
Objectives We use the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) Common Data Model (CDM) as the repository for our clinical data. However, Atlas, the graphical user interface of OMOP, does not offer the functionality to perform calculations on facts data. Therefore, we were in search for a different approach. The objective of this study is to investigate whether the Arden Syntax can be used for feasibility queries on the OMOP CDM to enable on-the-fly calculations at query runtime, to eliminate the need to precalculate data elements that are involved with researchers' criteria specification.
Methods We implemented a service that reads the facts from the OMOP repository and provides it in a form which an Arden Syntax Medical Logic Module (MLM) can process. Then, we implemented an MLM that applies the eligibility criteria to every patient data set and outputs the list of eligible cases (i.e., performs the feasibility query).
Results The study resulted in an MLM-based feasibility query that identifies cases of overventilation as an example of how an on-the-fly calculation can be realized. The algorithm is split into two MLMs to provide the reusability of the approach.
Conclusion We found that MLMs are a suitable technology for feasibility queries on the OMOP CDM. Our method of performing on-the-fly calculations can be employed with any OMOP instance and without touching existing infrastructure like the Extract, Transform and Load pipeline. Therefore, we think that it is a well-suited method to perform on-the-fly calculations on OMOP.
Chemotherapy-Induced Serological Impact in Hepatitis B Surface Antibody Titers in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Akbayram Hatice T. , Pekpak Esra , Oren Ayse C. , Dogan İlkay , Zer Yasemin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjective In our study, we aimed to assess the differences in antibody titers against hepatitis B virus (HBV) prior and post leukemia therapy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).Methods Serum hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) levels of 96 ALL patients were compared before and postcessation of leukemia therapy from patients' medical records.Results Fifty-five patients were male (57.2%) and 41 patients were female (42.7%), and the mean age was 6.1 years (range, 1 ± 15 years) at the time of diagnosis. Thirty (32.3%) patients were anti-HBs negative, and 66 (68.7%) patients were anti-HBs positive at initial diagnosis. Anti-HBs–positive 66 patients were categorized into two groups, the first group consisted of 28 (42.4%) anti-HBs–negative patients, and the second group consisted of 38 (57.6%) anti-HBs–positive patients after leukemia therapy. On binary logistic regression analysis, lower initial anti-HBs titers were found to be related to anti-HBs negative results post leukemia therapy (relative risk = 3.696, 95% confidence interval: 2.046–6.678; p = 0.001). The area under the curve was 0.849 with 76.1% sensitivity (95% confidence interval: 0.60–0.87; p = 0.001) and 82.6% specificity (95% confidence interval: 0.69–0.91; p = 0.001); the initial anti-HBs titer cut-off value was found 42.9 IU/L.Conclusion Patients with low-serum anti-HBs titers before leukemia therapy were likely to become anti-HBs negative post leukemia therapy. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate anti-HBs titers after completing immunosuppressive therapy in patients with ALL.
Paroxysmal Dyskinesias Revealing 3-Hydroxy-Isobutyryl-CoA Hydrolase (HIBCH) Deficiency
Authors: Spitz Marie-Aude , Lenaers Guy , Charif Majida , Wirth Thomas , Chelly Jameleddine , Abi-Warde Marie-Thérèse , Meyer Pierre , Leboucq Nicolas , Schaefer Elise , Anheim Mathieu , Roubertie Agathe 
Published: January 2021

AbstractParoxysmal dyskinesias (PD) are rare movement disorders characterized by recurrent attacks of dystonia, chorea, athetosis, or their combination, with large phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity. 3-Hydroxy-isobutyryl-CoA hydrolase (HIBCH) deficiency is a neurodegenerative disease characterized in most patients by a continuous decline in psychomotor abilities or a secondary regression triggered by febrile infections and metabolic crises.We describe two PD patients from two pedigrees, both carrying a homozygous c.913A > G, p.Thr305Ala mutation in the HIBCH gene, associated with an unusual clinical presentation. The first patient presented in the second year of life with right paroxysmal hemidystonia lasting for 30 minutes, without any loss of consciousness and without any triggering factor. The second patient has presented since the age of 3 recurrent exercise-induced PD episodes which have been described as abnormal equinovarus, contractures of the lower limbs, lasting for 1 to 4 hours, associated with choreic movements of the hands. Their neurological examination and metabolic screening were normal, while brain magnetic resonance imaging showed abnormal signal of the pallidi.We suggest that HIBCH deficiency, through the accumulation of metabolic intermediates of the valine catabolic pathway, leads to a secondary defect in respiratory chain activity and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity and to a broad phenotypic spectrum ranging from Leigh syndrome to milder phenotypes. The two patients presented herein expand the spectrum of the disease to include unusual paroxysmal phenotypes and HIBCH deficiency should be considered in the diagnostic strategy of PD to enable adequate preventive treatment.
Giant reversible magnetoresistance effect in a Ni46Co3Mn35Cu2In14 polycrystalline alloy
Authors: Yang Jiajing , Li Zongbin , Zhang Xiaoliang , Yang Bo , Zhao Xiang , Zuo Liang 
Published: January 2021

In this work, the reversible magnetoresistance properties in a Ni46Co3Mn35Cu2In14 polycrystalline alloy were studied. By using Co substitution for Ni to improve the magnetic properties and Cu substitution for Mn to reduce the transformation hysteresis, large magnetic field dependence of the transformation temperature up to 6.8 K T−1 and low transformation hysteresis of 11.5 K were achieved. Such optimized magnetostructural transformation parameters allowed the complete and reversible magnetic field induced inverse martensitic transformation to be realized under the field of 5 T, giving rise to a giant reversible magnetoresistance of −73.5%.
Mechanical characterization of P2 bacteriophage by using Young’s modulus measurements
Authors: Choi Seong Soo , Kim Kyoung Jin 
Published: January 2021

The bacteriophage P2 capsids have been characterized by transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Studies have been carried out on fully filled and 2/3 filled capsids containing dsDNA genomes. In order to get the quantitative information of the capsid, a nanoindentation technique depending on the tip-shape and an effective spring constant technique with a homogeneous capsid shell model were adopted. The contact region of the AFM contact force curve in an approach mode has been used for the calculation of Young’s moduli as well as the internal pressures of the capsids. By using the continuum theory of elasticity of thin homogeneous capsid shells, Young’s moduli of fully filled and 2/3 filled phage capsids are measured to be 1.17 ± 0.10 GPa and 0.87 ± 0.10 GPa, respectively. These values are close to other reported results. Analysis of the force curves also presented that a fully filled capsid reveals a higher internal pressure than that of a 2/3 filled capsid.
Highly-sensitive magnetic sensor for detecting magnetic nanoparticles based on magnetic tunnel junctions at a low static field
Authors: Jin Z. , Koo Thomas Myeongseok , Kim Myeong Soo , Al-Mahdawi M. , Oogane M. , Ando Y. , Kim Young Keun 
Published: January 2021

Magnetic sensors to detect magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) towards biomedical applications require very high sensitivity at low magnetic fields. Here we report a magnetic sensor consisting of a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) with a synthetic antiferromagnetic free layer. This sensor exhibits a low magnetic anisotropy and sensitivities of over 18%/Oe at low fields in the range of 0 to 3 Oe. We employ superparamagnetic MNPs with a large diameter of 200 nm. The sensor’s transfer curves show the magnetoresistance (MR) variations as a function of MNP concentration. We demonstrate the detection capability of MNP amounts of below 500 ng and low MNP concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, and 1 mg/ml in solvents. This result suggests that the combination of high-sensitivity TMR sensors and large MNPs has a substantial potential for biomarker detection applications.
Synchronized eye movements predict test scores in online video education
Authors: Madsen Jens , Júlio Sara U. , Gucik Pawel J. , Steinberg Richard , Parra Lucas C. 
Published: January 2021

Significance
Education is increasingly delivered online, but are students actually paying attention? Here we demonstrate that efficacy of video instruction can be assessed remotely with standard web cameras. Specifically, we show that attentive students have similar eye movements when watching instructional videos and that synchronization of eye movements is a good predictor of individual learning performance. Measuring synchronization of eye movements while preserving privacy, as we have shown here, has the potential to make online education adaptive to attentional state and advance mechanistic studies on the efficacy of different online education formats. Attention has become a commodity online. With the increasing abundance of video content, remote sensing of attention at scale may be relevant beyond education, including entertainment, advertising, and politics.
Realis converbs and irrealis converbs in Hwari Tibetan
Authors: Song Zhanfeng 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This article analyzes the realis converbs and irrealis converbs in Hwari (Dpa’ ris) Tibetan, an
Amdo Tibetan dialect spoken in Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County, Wuwei City, Gansu Province, China. One peculiarity of Hwari
Tibetan morphosyntax is the existence of a large set of converbal suffixes. A survey of previous descriptions reveals a lack of
consensus in the analysis of these converbs. They have been included in the framework of Written Tibetan too often, which has led
to confusion regarding their typological status. A primary objective of our paper is to rectify this approach by describing the
language on its own terms by comparing the morphosyntactic behavior of eight selected suffixes with regard to relevant criteria,
such as realis and irrealis. This empirical research feeds back into the theoretical discussion, as it shows that the Hwari
Tibetan converbs can be described using conventional typological concepts if construed appropriately. Our second objective is to
explain the semantic and pragmatic properties of these converbs, particularly -na and -ta. The
conclusion is that the two converb types are located along a continuum from realis/irrealis to positive/negative, thus
constituting an instantiation of syntax-semantics isomorphism. The clause chaining in Hwari Tibetan is representative. By
describing the converbs in Hwari Tibetan from the perspective of realis and irrealis, and by focusing on the syntactic properties
and pragmatic features of -Ce in realis converbs and -Ca in irrealis converbs, it is revealed that the irrealis converbs
-na and -ta function in a unique way in Hwari Tibetan.
The morphology and semantics of presyllables in Hmong-Mien languages
Authors: Strecker David 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The first components of sesquisyllabic and disyllabic words in languages of the Hmong-Mien family include forms which are believed by native speakers to be derived from phonologically fuller forms (characteristic of languages of the Mienic branch of the family) and forms which have lexical or grammatical significance (characteristic of languages of the Hmongic branch). Grammatical and phonological factors, not fully understood, determine when the first component of a sesquisyllabic word can be omitted, but the biggest challenge is to describe the meanings of lexical presyllables in Hmongic languages, which may require a consideration of both lexical semantics and ethno-semantics.
The sounds of Tawrã (Digaru-Mishmi), a Tibeto-Burman language
Authors: Evans Jonathan P. , Manyu Johakso 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe present study is a phonological analysis of the segments and tones of the Tawrã language (ISO 69-3: mhu; Glottolog: Diga1241), a Sino-Tibetan language spoken in Arunachal Pradesh, India, and in Tibet, China. This paper, the first collaboration between a Tawrã-speaking non-linguist and a non-Tawrã-speaking linguist, attempts to clear up some confusion in the existing literature. For example, previous studies did not note that stop codas /-p, -k/ are in free variation with glides [-w, -j, ɰ], and that the morpheme, rather than the syllable, is the tone-bearing unit. Acoustic analyses provide justification for the phonemic representation of the vowels and the tones. Finally, the paper is designed to introduce Tawrã speakers to the recently standardized (2020) orthography, and to show how the letters and letter combinations function together as a system.
Beyond nominal tense
Authors: Aikhenvald Alexandra Y. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTariana, an Arawak language from Brazil, has nominal markers which convey temporal and aspectual information about the noun phrase. Besides nominal future, there is a distinction between completed and non-completed nominal pasts. The completed nominal past has three meanings – decessive (‘late, gone’), temporal (‘former’), and commiserative or deprecatory (‘poor thing’). The latter is only applicable to humans and higher animates. The non-completed nominal past has a further semantic component of relevance of the state or property for the present time. The usage of the markers is governed by the principle of communicative necessity – in contrast to clausal, or propositional, tense-cum-evidentiality markers which are always obligatory. Having special means for expressing tense, aspect and relevance within a noun phrase – distinct from tense and aspect categories with clausal scope – constitutes a typologically rare feature of the language.
Key comparison study on protein quantification: purity-assessed recombinant protein contents in buffer solution using insulin analogue
Authors: Jeong Ji-Seon , Yim Yong-Hyeon , Liu Qinde , Yong Sharon , Liu Hong , Beltrão Paulo , Scapin Sandra , Sade Youssef , Garrido Bruno , Boeuf Amandine , Delatour Vincent , Kilpatrick Eric L , Lowenthal Mark S , Toman Blaza , Mi Wei , Wu Liqing , Wang Jing , Kinumi Tomoya , Henrion ; , Ohlendorf ;diger , Oztug Merve , Akgoz Muslum 
Published: January 2021

Main text
The key comparison CCQM-K151 protein quantification: Purity-assessed recombinant protein contents in buffer solution using Insulin analogue was coordinated by Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) under the auspices of the Protein Analysis Working Group (PAWG) of the Consultative Committee for Amount of Substance: Metrology in Chemistry and Biology (CCQM) CCQM.
Nine National Metrology Institutes and Designated Institutes participated. Participants were required to assign the mass fraction of human insulin analogue (Ins) present as the main component in the comparison sample for CCQM-K151.
This study provided the means for assessing measurement capabilities for determination of purity-evaluated recombinant proteins up to 10 kDa containing up to 3 disulfide cross-links in an aqueous calibration solution using amino acid based ID-LC-MS. Sample purity was confirmed by coordinating lab. Nine results were submitted. All results applied the LC-MS/MS method and isotope dilution mass spectrometry (ID-MS) method for quantification of Ins by amino acid analysis through acid hydrolysis. Among nine results, the Key Comparison Reference Value (KCRV) was assigned with six results. The assigned KCRV was the arithmetic mean of the six results, of 3440 mg/kg with a combined standard uncertainty of 13.5 mg/kg, the k-factor for the estimation of the expanded uncertainty of the KCRVs was chosen as k=2.57. Three participants, reported lower values than the other six, requested another set of test materials for additional experiments to investigate source of discrepancy in their results, and therefore were excluded from KCRV estimation in CCQM-K151. Three participants progressed substantial experiments with further investigation into their negative-biased factor, and actively proved their measurement capability. The degree of equivalence (with the KCRV) and its uncertainty was calculated for each result. Six of the participants were able to demonstrate the ability to quantitatively determine purity-assessed recombinant protein in buffer solution.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Optimal experimental design for infinite-dimensional Bayesian inverse problems governed by PDEs: a review
Authors: Alexanderian Alen 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We present a review of methods for optimal experimental design (OED) for Bayesian inverse problems governed by partial differential equations with infinite-dimensional parameters. The focus is on problems where one seeks to optimize the placement of measurement points, at which data are collected, such that the uncertainty in the estimated parameters is minimized. We present the mathematical foundations of OED in this context and survey the computational methods for the class of OED problems under study. We also outline some directions for future research in this area.
Stably determining time-dependent convection–diffusion coefficients from a partial Dirichlet-to-Neumann map
Authors: Bellassoued Mourad , Ben Fraj Oumaima 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We study in this paper the inverse problem for the dynamical convection–diffusion equation. More precisely, we set logarithmic stability estimates in the determination of the two time-dependent first-order convection term and the scalar potential appearing in the heat equation. The observations here are taken only on an arbitrary open subset of the boundary and are given by a partial Dirichlet-to-Neumann map. For this end, we will reduce our initial problem into an auxiliary one then we will construct particular solutions and apply a special parabolic Carleman estimate.
A positively biased external anode for energy control of plasma ions: hollow cathode and magnetron sputtering discharge
Authors: Hippler Rainer , Cada Martin , Hubicka Zdenek 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The performance of a positively biased external ring anode in combination with a hollow cathode (HC) discharge or a magnetron sputtering (MS) discharge, both with a Ti cathode and with Ar as working gas, is investigated. Plasma and floating potential increase as function of anode voltage. Energy-resolved mass spectrometry reveals that the kinetic energy of argon and titanium ions is enhanced by a positive anode voltage allowing for an effective energy control of plasma ions.