bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on Risk Assessment of Power Grid Based on Realtime Simulation System
Authors: Li Tong , Liu Jin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power system, the importance of power grid calculation in simulation analysis has become more and more prominent. It is particularly important to carry out power system hidden danger investigation and risk assessment for large power grids. This paper builds a "power system full-digital real-time simulation platform" based on ADPSS. Through the modeling of the actual power grid and full fault scanning, the existence and probability of risk, the scope and degree of loss are evaluated and measured, and the operation of the power grid is analyzed. The safety and stability of the power grid, while identifying weak links in the power grid. This assessment method can provide technical support for the investigation and management of hidden dangers in the power grid, and has certain practical significance and positive guidance for the stable operation of the power grid.
Risk Assessment of Power Systems Dispatching Decision Considering Photovoltaic Systems Penetration
Authors: Yin Rui , Shi Min , Wang Tieqiang , Yan Peng , Wang Yifeng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Grid-connected photovoltaic power generation is an important form of new energy utilization, which can effectively reduce the dependence of power system on traditional energy sources. However, the randomness and uncertainty of the output of photovoltaic power generation system will also pose some risks to power grid dispatching decision-making. The source of dispatching decision risk is analyzed, and a risk index system including line overload risk, reserve shortage risk, load shedding risk and light abandonment risk is established. Then a risk assessment model for optimal dispatch of grid-connected photovoltaic power generation is established. The time of power flow calculation is greatly simplified by using power flow distribution factor. Finally, through the risk assessment of IEEE RTS-79 system scheduling decision-making, the risk of scheduling decision-making under different photovoltaic acceptance is analyzed, and the feasibility of the model is verified.
Research on the Ventilation System Valve Control and Power Distribution of a Nuclear Power Plant Conventional Island
Authors: Shao Jiaye , Li Li , Song Ze 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The conventional island ventilation system of a nuclear power plant has complicated types, numerous valves, and various control methods. These valves include electric valves and manual valves, and are connected to different control systems. Therefore, the control method and power distribution method of these valves are also different in each project. This article summarizes 8 control methods through classification and comparative analysis of these valves, and proposes 8 interface diagrams accordingly, standardizes the control and power distribution methods, and provides a basis for future engineering design and procurement.
Load Forecasting Mechanism of Electric Vehicle Based on FWA-BP
Authors: Wang Mingcai , Yang Ye , Peng Xiaofeng , Li Peijun , Li Shuaihua , Han Yingzhu , Liu Dunnan , Guo Weijia 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The rapid development of electric vehicles and the popularization of related engineering applications require us to accurately predict the load of large-scale electric vehicles. In view of the current development status of electric vehicles, this paper first analyses the data basis and method selection of electric vehicle load forecasting. Then, a load forecasting method for large-scale electric vehicles based on FWA-BP is proposed, which fully considers the fluctuation characteristics of electric vehicles. Finally, the method proposed in this paper is verified by a simulation case, and the prediction results prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Design of Dynamic Simulation Software of Water Flooding Based on Unified Modeling Language
Authors: Pan Shaowei , Li Hui , Zhou Wei 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The dynamic simulation software of water flooding is of great significance for observing the exploitation of crude oil and understanding the distribution of microscopic remaining oil in the underground reservoirs. Based on Unified Modeling Language (UML), the design of the dynamic simulation software of water flooding is completed. First, based on the results of demand analysis, the function module diagram of the software is established; then the use case diagram is designed to clarify the goals that the software needs to achieve; finally, the class diagram and the sequence diagram of the software are designed, which provides the basis for the specific coding implementation. The design of the dynamic simulation software of water flooding based on UML enriches and develops the theory, technology and method of exploitation geology, and promotes the further application of advanced computer technology in the petroleum industry.
Automatic Sensing and Measuring Technique for Power Metering
Authors: Feili Yang , Ke Zheng , Yingying Cheng , Xun Guo , Yuting Zhang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The growing demand for electricity has set higher requirements for the sensing and measurement system of smart distribution network. Therefore, a new state monitoring technology for power metering is proposed based on automatic sensing and measuring technique to improve power metering. Firstly, the influence of various physical conditions and natural environment is analyzed on power metering equipment. Then, internal detection is used to detect the operation state of the equipment. Secondly, DC (direct current) magnetic bias is detected by self-excited fluxgate. Furthermore, the working condition of the secondary circuit is tested by the secondary circuit current measurement method. Finally, the narrowband Internet of Things technology is adopted to conduct data communication with the terminal platform. The research results show that compared with the traditional online operation state detection and management system of smart distribution network, the innovative state monitoring technology can additionally monitor the temperature, DC magnetic bias and secondary circuit of the distribution network. This shows that improved monitoring technology based on automatic sensing and measuring technique can monitor the important state of the distribution network to reduce the risks caused by the inability to detect potential problems and improve the performance of the distribution network. The optimized state metering technology makes an example for the improvement of automatic sensing and measuring technique of the metering equipment of smart distribution network nationwide.
Intelligent Bird’s Nest Hazard Detection of Transmission Line based on RetinaNet Model
Authors: Hui Zhang , Jian Zhao , Yuran Chen , Su Jiang , Di Wang , Hao Du 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Electric energy is a kind of secondary energy with clean and efficient, convenient and safe use and the most wide range of applications. The transmission line equipment and the bird's nest on the tower will adversely affect the transmission line equipment, and even endanger the reliable operation of the transmission line. At present, the traditional manual line patrol has the problems of heavy workload, high cost, low efficiency and many blind areas, and the classical machine learning algorithm for bird nest recognition and classification is relatively low in efficiency and accuracy. In order to solve this problem, the RetinaNet model based on deep convolution neural network is selected for automatic detection of bird's nest targets. By adjusting the appropriate network structure and parameters to optimize the model, a RetinaNet model suitable for bird nest detection is established. The experimental results show that the accuracy of RetinaNet is 94.1%, and the recognition speed of each image is 68ms. Compared with Faster R-CNN, YOLO and SSD methods, the validity and reliability of RetinaNet model for bird's nest detection on transmission line equipment and towers are verified.
AQI multi-point spatiotemporal prediction based on K-mean clustering and RNN-LSTM model
Authors: Zhu Jia , Li Baofeng , Chen Hong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The short term air quality index can usually be predicted by statistical and numerical methods, but for the multi-point prediction of AQI, the traditional methods are often inaccurate. In this paper, a new hybrid multi-point prediction method was proposed by combining K-means clustering with the circulating neural network long and short time memory (RNN-LSTM) model. Based on this prediction method, the air quality index in Dezhou was predicted 1-5 days in advance by using 28 multi-point pollution monitoring sensor data from January 1, 2018 solstice to August 31. The prediction results show that the model not only improves the accuracy and effectiveness of the prediction, but also reveals the relationship between land use patterns and air quality index (AQI), which provides important information for land use planning, air pollution mitigation and urban intelligent governance.
Optimal design of container heat dissipation safety based on five-block method and radial basis function
Authors: Liu Mengqi , He Xinpeng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The ability of the ocean to provide a good thermal environment and not take up land space resources has led to subsea data centres due to their energy efficiency, low failure rates and green sustainability. As a result, there is a growing need for subsea data centres to be structurally sound. This paper investigates the optimal design of data centre capacity and cooling structures to improve their thermal safety performance to a certain extent.
Firstly, the temperature quantification of the heat dissipation and heat generation processes is carried out using Newton’s cooling theorem and Fourier’s law of thermal conductivity to provide maximum and minimum constraints for optimization. Then, the " five-block method" is used to optimize the arrangement of internal servers with temperature constraints, considering the problem of packing same-sized items in closed spaces. Based on the quantification of the solid-liquid and solid-solid heat transfer processes and the local temperature analysis as well as the optimization of the boxing, the model yields a maximum of 384 servers for the data center.
Secondly, the fin structure is then further optimized for heat dissipation. An approximate model of the fin structure and thermal performance is developed and solved by a radial basis function (RBF) neural network algorithm. Then, based on 100 sets of parameters for the serrated fin structure, the RBF approximation model is used to optimize the range of values for height, pitch and thickness. Based on the three ranges of parameters, Monte Carlo simulations are used to generate different combinations of parameters for different shapes, and to obtain the exact parameter that will increase the surface area by 13.8%. In the case of the first task, a solution is obtained to store 396 servers.
Research on key technologies of 3D visualization of marine environmental field
Authors: Ma Huadong , Wang Ping , Wen Yubo , Yang Chenxi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In view of the slow rendering speed and poor effect of 3D visualization of marine environment field, this paper studies the 3D visualization of vector field and scalar field of marine environment based on particle system, second-order Euler integral algorithm, linear interpolation method and 3D GIS visualization technology. Firstly, the particle motion model is constructed based on the second-order Euler integration algorithm, and the multi-scale transformation model is constructed based on the perspective perception, and the multi-scale visualization model of the vector field of marine environment is established. Secondly, the mesh is generated by bilinear interpolation, and the color mapping model and the hierarchical color setting scalar field visualization model are established. Finally, based on the technology of 3D GIS, the 3D visualization of marine environment field is realized, and the rendering speed and rendering effect are improved, which provides the basis for the efficient utilization of marine environment information.
Method of extracting control points from GF-7 remote sensing image based on five-layer-fifteen-level tiles
Authors: Xiong Qiang , Fang Shenghui , Liu Xiaojuan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In view of the traditional manual and semi-automatic methods can not quickly and effectively extract control points, this paper uses five-layer fifteen-level tiles (FLFLT) as reference images, and proposes an efficient and automatic method for automatic extraction control points of GF-7 image. Firstly, the remote sensing image and reference image are sampled down, and the remote sensing image is partitioned to improve the image processing efficiency. The Harris algorithm is used to extract the feature points of the remote sensing image and reference image, the normalized cross-correlation (NCC) algorithm is used for feature matching, and the Random Sampling Consistent (RANSAC) algorithm is used for gross error elimination. Finally, the least-square algorithm was used to fit the geometric transformation parameters, and the geometric transformation model was used to carry out geometric correction of GF-7 image, and the better correction results were achieved. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can extract control points quickly and effectively, and can be used for automatic extraction and geometric correction of high resolution satellite data.
Analysis of the Train in Tunnel Paradox Based on Special Theory of Relativity
Authors: Wan Xiang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The train in tunnel paradox has always been a topic of debate in the scientific community, in order to allow readers to better understand its basic principles, and it needed to combine the basic knowledge of the theory of relativity to outline the train tunnel paradox. Taking Einstein’s special theory of relativity as the starting point of the argument, this paper elaborates on Einstein’s theory of relativity, focuses on the simultaneous relativity and the theory of physical motion shape change in the special theory of relativity, and clarifies the famous train in tunnel paradox. Based on the results of different reference systems, the author analyzes the paradox principle of trains and tunnels. Through the analysis, it can be seen that the special theory of relativity is meaningful in real life, and the learners should pay attention to the cultivation of their own logical reasoning ability when learning, and emphasize the understanding of the spirit of scientific criticism, so as to improve the learning effect of the special theory of relativity.
Effects of triphenyl phosphate (TPP) and nanosilica on the mechanical properties, thermal degradation of polymer nanocomposite materials and coating based on epoxy resin
Authors: Huynh Le Huy Cuong , Thanh An Truong , Bao Long Huynh 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Epoxy resin DER 671X75 cured with hardener T31. Epoxy polymer composite materials DER 671X75/T31 were improved the mechanical properties, thermal stability by triphenyl phosphate (TPP) and nanosilica (fumed silica S5505). Triphenyl phosphate and nanosilica were dispersed in epoxy resin DER 671X75 by mechanical stirring and ultrasonic vibration. The structural morphology of materials was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The thermal stability and thermal properties of materials were characterized by Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The results showed that triphenyl phosphate with a content of 5 wt % in epoxy resin DER 671X75 improved the mechanical properties of epoxy polymer coating film DER 671X75/T31 with an impact strength increased 25%. The contents of 5 wt % triphenyl phosphate and 1 wt % nanosilica in epoxy resin DER 671X75 improved the impact strength of epoxy polymer coating film DER 671X75/T31 by 125%. The thermal stability of epoxy nanocomposite materials DER 671X75/5% triphenyl phosphate/1% nanosilica/T31 increased 45.35%. Epoxy coatings based on epoxy resin DER 671X75/5% triphenyl phosphate/1% nanosilica/pigments/fillers/additives/hardener T31 achieved mechanical properties, physical chemistry properties for coating and, had thermal degradation over 500 °C.
Lifestyle Factors and Genetic Variants on 2 Biological Age Measures: Evidence From 94 443 Taiwan Biobank Participants
Authors: Lin Wan-Yu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Biological age (BA) can be estimated by phenotypes and is useful for predicting life span and health span. Levine et al. proposed a PhenoAge and a BioAge to measure BA. Although there have been studies investigating the genetic predisposition to BA acceleration in Europeans, little has been known regarding this topic in Asians.

Methods
I have estimated PhenoAgeAccel (age-adjusted PhenoAge) and BioAgeAccel (age-adjusted BioAge) of 94 443 Taiwan Biobank (TWB) participants, wherein 25 460 TWB1 participants formed a discovery cohort and 68 983 TWB2 individuals constructed a replication cohort. Lifestyle factors and genetic variants associated with PhenoAgeAccel and BioAgeAccel were investigated through regression analysis and a genome-wide association study.

Results
A unit (kg/m2) increase of body mass index was associated with a 0.177-year PhenoAgeAccel (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.163–0.191, p = 6.0 × 10–129) and 0.171-year BioAgeAccel (95% CI = 0.165–0.177, p = 0). Smokers on average had a 1.134-year PhenoAgeAccel (95% CI = 0.966–1.303, p = 1.3 × 10–39) compared with nonsmokers. Drinkers on average had a 0.640-year PhenoAgeAccel (95% CI = 0.433–0.847, p = 1.3 × 10–9) and 0.193-year BioAgeAccel (95% CI = 0.107–0.279, p = 1.1 × 10–5) relative to nondrinkers. A total of 11 and 4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were associated with PhenoAgeAccel and BioAgeAccel (p &lt; 5 × 10–8 in both TWB1 and TWB2), respectively.

Conclusions
A PhenoAgeAccel-associated SNP (rs1260326 in GCKR) and 2 BioAgeAccel-associated SNPs (rs7412 in APOE; rs16998073 near FGF5) were consistent with the finding from the UK Biobank. The lifestyle analysis shows that prevention from obesity, cigarette smoking, and alcohol consumption is associated with a slower rate of biological aging.
Excessive Pharmaceutical Pricing as an Abuse of Dominant Position – The Case of CD Pharma (Denmark)
Authors: Kianzad Behrang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
On 31 January 2018, the Danish Competition and Consumer Authority adopted a decision1 finding the Swedish company generic distributor CD Pharma in breach of Art. 102(a) Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) by abusing its dominant position and having imposed excessive and unfair prices for the drug Syntocinon. The company increased the price of the drug by 2000% in the period April-October 2014 in the Danish pharmaceutical market. CD Pharma appealed to the Danish Competition Appeals Board,2 which on 29 November 2018 upheld the decision by the Authority. On subsequent appeal to the Danish Maritime and Commercial Court,3 the judgment by the previous court was upheld in a 3-2 decision on 2 March 2020, thus finding CD Pharma liable for infringement of Danish competition law as well as Art. 102(a) TFEU. The decision is final and not subject to further appeal. The case raises outstanding legal-economic issues regarding excessive pricing such as relevant market definition in pharmaceutical cases, the length of abuse, competitive price benchmarks, definition of economic value and the matter of dominance in public procurement and tenders. The case is rather unusual in that the alleged abusive period amounted to a six-month period, CD Pharma was the ‘losing’ party in the bidding process for the supply of the medicine in question, and CD Pharma subsequently had reduced prices through negotiations with the Danish central medicine procurer, Amgros. Similar to the Aspen Pharma decision4 by the Italian Competition Authority, where the Italian Medicine Agency (AIFA) reported the case to the Competition Authority, it was the Danish medicine procurer Amgros who had notified the Danish Competition and Consumer Authority about allegedly abusive practices. This subsequently led to an investigation and the adoption of the Decision. Following an introduction describing the Danish pharmaceutical market and specifics of the case, section two of this contribution details the proceedings at Danish Competition Authority. Section three depicts the proceedings at Competition Appeals Tribunal, and section four deals with the proceedings at the Maritime and Commercial Court. Section five concludes.
When More Is Still Not Enough: A Case of Ceftazidime-Avibactam Resistance in a Burn Patient
Authors: Herbin Shelbye R , Barber Katie E , Isaacson Andrew R , Dolman Heather S , McGee Jessica D , Baylor Alfred E , Tyburski James G , White Michael T , Faris Janie 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Burn patients have numerous risk factors for multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) and altered pharmacokinetics, which both independently increase the risk of treatment failure. Data on appropriate antimicrobial dosing are limited in this population and therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for beta-lactams is impractical at most facilities. Technology is available that can detect genetic markers of resistance, but they are not all encompassing, and often require specialized facilities that can detect less common genetic markers. Newer antimicrobials can help combat MDROs, but additional resistance patterns may evolve during treatment. Considering drug shortages and antimicrobial formularies, clinicians must remain vigilant when treating infections. This case report describes the development of resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam in a burn patient. The patient was a 54-year-old burn victim with a 58% total body surface area (TBSA) thermal burn who underwent multiple courses of antibiotics for various Pseudomonal infections. The initial Pseudomonal wound infection was sensitive to cefepime, aminoglycosides, and meropenem. A subsequent resistant pseudomonal pneumonia was treated with ceftazidime-avibactam 2.5 g every 6 hours due to the elevated MIC to cefepime (16 mcg/mL) and meropenem (&gt;8 mcg/mL). Although the patient improved over 7 days, the patient again spiked fevers and had increased white blood counts (WBC). Repeat blood cultures demonstrated a multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to ceftazidime-avibactam of 16 mcg/mL, which is above the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) breakpoint of 8 mcg/mL. At first, resistance was thought to have occurred due to inadequate dosing, but genetic work demonstrated multiple genes encoding beta-lactamases.