bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of Letermovir for Cytomegalovirus Prophylaxis in Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Recipients: A Systematic Review, Meta‐Analysis, and Meta‐Regression
Authors: Aldalati Abdullah Yousef , Hussein Ayham Mohammad , Balbaa Elsayed , Hammadeh Bara M. , idrees Muhammad , Aloudat Osama , Albliwi Moath , Abuassi Mohammad , Sultan Iyad 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveLetermovir (LTV) is a novel antiviral agent approved by the FDA in 2017 for CMV prophylaxis in adult CMV‐seropositive allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) recipients and approved for pediatric use in 2024. This study systematically evaluates the efficacy and safety of LTV prophylaxis for CMV infection in pediatric allo‐HSCT recipients.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to December 2024 for studies that evaluated the use of LTV prophylaxis in pediatric allo‐HSCT recipients. We conducted single‐arm meta‐analysis using Open Meta Analyst software and double‐arm meta‐analysis using R Studio. We pooled the dichotomous outcomes as event and total using the fixed‐effects model.ResultsTwelve articles were included in the analysis. The single‐arm meta‐analysis indicated that the prophylactic use of LTV against CMV among pediatrics was associated with a 10.9% (95% CI: 0.065, 0.153) infection rate without any disease occurrence. The percentage of patients who discontinued the drug due to adverse reactions was only 2.4% (95% CI: 0.003, 0.045), and all‐cause mortality was 7.9% (95% CI: 0.032, 0.126). The double‐arm meta‐analysis results indicated that the incidence of CMV infection was significantly lower in the LTV group in comparison to the control group (RR: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.16, 0.56; p < 0.001).ConclusionLTV has demonstrated safety and efficacy in preventing CMV infection and disease among high‐risk pediatric patients. Future large scale randomized trials are necessary to validate the findings.
Attainability of the best constant of Hardy–Sobolev inequality with full boundary singularities
Authors: Sun Liming , Wang Lei 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWe consider a type of Hardy–Sobolev inequality, whose weight function is singular on the whole domain boundary. We are concerned with the attainability of the best constant of such inequality. In dimension two, we link the inequality to a conformally invariant one using the conformal radius of the domain. The best constant of such inequality on a smooth bounded domain is achieved if and only if the domain is non‐convex. In higher dimensions, the best constant is achieved if the domain has negative mean curvature somewhere. If the mean curvature vanishes but is non‐umbilic somewhere, we also establish the attainability for some special cases. In the other direction, we also show that the best constant is not achieved if the domain is sufficiently close to a ball in sense.
An Integrated Closed Loop Flowsheet for Production of Highly Enriched 63Ni and Deposition of 63Ni Coatings
Authors: Mazgunova V. A. , Kostylev A. I. , Babain V. A. , Alyapyshev M. Yu. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The existing technologies for the production, separation, and purification of 63Ni, as well as methods for the deposition of nickel coatings to fabricate a betavoltaic nuclear battery have been reviewed. A new integrated closed loop flowsheet for the production of highly enriched 63Ni and deposition of 63Ni coatings using a single reagent, phosphorus trifluoride (PF3), in all stages of the process is proposed. The use of tetrakis(trifluorophosphine)nickel [Ni(PF3)4] allows isotopic enrichment of 62Ni and 63Ni, purification of irradiated Ni from radioactive impurities, and deposition of highly enriched 63Ni onto a semiconductor substrate. The proposed flowsheet allows the amount of the liquid radioactive waste generated during isotope purification and coating deposition to be reduced as compared to traditional “wet” chemistry methods.
Preparation of a Nanodiamond Suspension with Immobilized Scandium Isotopes for in vivo Studies
Authors: Kazakov A. G. , Pavlova D. V. , Ushakov I. A. , Nesterov E. A. , Skuridin V. S. , Odintsova E. A. , Vinokurov S. E. , Myasoedov B. F. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Conditions were determined for preparing a suspension of detonation synthesis nanodiamonds (NDs) with immobilized scandium in solutions, meeting the requirements to solutions for intravenous administration of radiopharmaceuticals based on the medicinal isotopes 44Sc and 47Sc. The possibility of the quantitative binding of scandium with ND samples in isotonic solutions having the required pH and containing the minimal ND amount was demonstrated. The Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherm parameters and ΔG of adsorption were determined for the most promising ND sample under the optimum conditions. The conditions found for preparing NDs with immobilized scandium isotopes will allow in vivo studies in the future.
Heavy neutral lepton searches at an ICARUS-like detector using NuMI beam
Authors: Chatterjee Animesh , Hernandez-Garcia Josu , De Roeck Albert 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The discovery of non-zero neutrino masses and mixings that the Standard Model (SM) cannot accommodate opens up the possibility of the existence of Heavy Neutral Leptons (HNLs). In minimal models, the HNL production and decay are controlled by SM interactions and the mixing between HNLs and the active neutrino and typically result in relatively long lifetimes if the masses are in the MeV–GeV range. We have studied the physics case and technical feasibility for a dedicated HNL search using the NuMI beam at an ICARUS-like detector. Our analysis demonstrates that the constraints on the mixing of the HNL as a function of its mass for an ICARUS-like detector with NuMI beam are highly competitive with the limits obtained from present experiments.
Palmar Z-Osteotomy for Distal Radius Fractures
Authors: LIM Hui Neng , SATKU Mala , XU Jieying , TEOH Lam-Chuan 
Published: February 2025

Background: Distal radius fractures (DRFs) are a common injury with fracture parameters guiding surgical treatment. Palmar plating is the most common method of fixation in patients needing surgical fixation. However, in fractures with a complete or nearly intact volar cortex, reduction of the fracture fragments may be challenging with the palmar approach. We use a novel Z-osteotomy technique to address this issue and report on our outcomes. Methods: This is a retrospective review of all patients where a volar Z-osteotomy technique was used. We assessed pre-, intra- and postoperative radiographic parameters, fracture union and final wrist range of motion of all patients. Results: Twelve DRFs in 11 patients were analysed. All fractures were successfully plated palmarly with volar tilt 9–14 (average: 11.3) and all achieved fracture union. This was maintained in the final radiographs with good clinical wrist range of motion. Conclusions: The volar Z-osteotomy technique described allows surgeons to achieve anatomical reduction of volar tilt in DRFs where the volar cortex is intact with good clinical and radiological outcomes. Level of Evidence: Level IV (Therapeutic)
Pinning the Thumb Carpometacarpal Joint in Abduction Can Reduce Skin Irritation from Suzuki Frame Treatment for Metacarpophalangeal Joint Fractures
Authors: SAEKI Yuji , SAKAMOTO Sotetsu , HATTORI Yasunori , DOI Kazuteru 
Published: February 2025

Comminuted intra-articular fractures of the metacarpophalangeal joint (MCPJ) of the thumb are difficult to treat because of challenges with anatomical fixation. The pins and rubbers traction system (PRTS), described by Suzuki et al., is a minimally invasive technique that enables early range-of-motion training while maintaining joint congruency. PRTS exhibits advantages relative to other dynamic external fixation techniques due to its simplicity, low cost and compact design. It has been used mainly in treating primarily proximal interphalangeal joint (IPJ) fractures. We present two patients where we used a PRTS for comminuted intra-articular fractures of the thumb MCPJ with good outcomes. We temporarily pinned the carpometacarpal joint (CMCJ) in maximum abduction to avoid skin irritation from the ulnar aspect of the axial traction wire in thumb adduction. Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
Closing the Hydrogen and Oxygen Mass Balance for PEM Water Electrolysis
Authors: Freiberg Anna Teresa Sophie , Thiele Simon 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this study we show the possibility to close the hydrogen and oxygen mass balance for proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis cells at lab scale at 80°C. By a combined analysis of the cathode and anode exhaust with respect to the absolute hydrogen and oxygen gas fluxes detected, we can quantify the true Faradaic efficiency of the system with respect to hydrogen production. While both exhausts, anode and cathode, contain an apparent hydrogen flux, there is a certain missing hydrogen share not leaving the cell, corresponding to roughly 2% at ambient pressure operation. This missing hydrogen flux shows a 2:1 correlation with the missing oxygen flux determined from the oxygen mass balance, proving that the inefficiency stems from a cell internal process. We observe a linear correlation of missing hydrogen flux with current density for different operating pressure cases, hinting toward an oxygen crossover based hydrogen loss at the cathode. The effect of the true Faradaic efficiency on the overall production efficiency of the single cells at atmospheric pressure as well as differential and balanced elevated pressure of 10 bara is shown, revealing a very limited operation window for efficient hydrogen production.
Risk Allele rs117026326‐Mediated Alternative Splicing of GTF2I Promotes B Cell Proliferation in Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome
Authors: Luo Chaowen , Lian Chaofeng , Sun Jinlei , Zhao Liling , Zhang Shuo , Li Yongzhe , Chen Hua , Zhang Fengchun 
Published: February 2025

Objectives: Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is associated with a risk allele T of rs117026326 located at a potential splicing enhancer within the intronic region of general transcription factor II‐I (GTF2I). This study aimed to explore the rs117026326‐regulated alternative splicing of GTF2I and its role in B cell overactivation in pSS.Methods: GTF2I isoform expressions and rs117026326 genotypes of pSS peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were examined using quantitative PCR and Sanger sequencing, respectively. GTF2IΔ was overexpressed in B cells, T cells, and macrophages using plasmid transfection. Proliferation of B cells and T cells was determined using Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK8) assay. CD4+ T cell differentiation was inspected using flow cytometry. Proinflammatory cytokine production of macrophages was investigated using quantitative PCR. c‐FOS expression in GTF2IΔ‐transfected B cells was tested by quantitative PCR, and proliferation of GTF2IΔ‐transfected B cells treated with c‐FOS siRNA or c‐FOS inhibitor was interrogated using CCK8 assay.Results: pSS patients with risk allele of rs117026326 expressed higher levels of GTF2IΔ and GTF2Iζ isoforms. GTF2IΔ expression was correlated with serum immunoglobulin G (IgG). GTF2IΔ promoted B cell proliferation and upregulated c‐FOS expression. Knocking down or inhibition of c‐FOS reversed B cell proliferation driven by GTF2IΔ.Conclusion: pSS risk allele of rs117026326 modulates alternative splicing of GTF2I and upregulates GTF2IΔ isoform, which promotes B cell proliferation through enhancing binding and transcription of c‐FOS.
Trajectory of Cognitive Function After Incident Heart Failure
Authors: Shore Supriya , Li Hanyu , Zhang Min , Whitney Rachael T. , Gross Alden L. , Bhatt Ankeet S. , Nallamothu Brahmajee K. , Giordani Bruno , Briceño Emily M. , Sussman Jeremy B. , Gutierrez Jose , Yaffe Kristine , Griswold Michael E. , Johansen Michelle C. , Lopez Oscar L. , Gottesman Rebecca F. , Sidney Stephen , Heckbert Susan R. , Rundek Tatjana , Hughes Timothy M. , Longstreth W.T. , Levine Deborah A. 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
The magnitude of cognitive changes after incident heart failure (HF) is unclear. We assessed whether incident HF is associated with changes in cognition after accounting for pre-HF cognitive trajectories and known determinants of cognition.

METHODS:

This pooled cohort study included adults without HF, stroke, or dementia from 6 US population-based studies from 1971 to 2019. Linear mixed-effects models estimated cognitive change with incident HF diagnosis and the rate of cognitive change over the years after HF, controlling for pre-HF cognitive trajectories and participant factors. Outcomes included change in global cognition (primary outcome), executive function, and memory (secondary outcomes). Cognitive outcomes were standardized to a
t
score metric (mean [SD], 50 [10]); a 1-point difference represented a 0.1-SD difference in cognition.

RESULTS:
We included 29 614 adults (mean [SD] age was 61 [10] years, 55% female, 70% White). During a median follow-up of 6.6 (Q1–Q3, 5.0–19.8) years, 1407 (5%) adults received an incident diagnosis of HF. Incident HF diagnosis was associated with initial decreases in global cognition (−1.1 points [95% CI, −1.4 to −0.8]) and executive function (−0.6 points [95% CI, −1.0 to −0.3]). Larger decreases in global cognition after HF were seen with older age, female sex, and White race. Participants with incident HF diagnosis demonstrated faster and long-term declines in global cognition (−0.1 points per year [95% CI, −0.2 to −0.1]) and executive function (−0.2 points per year [95% CI, −0.2 to −0.1]). The change in memory with incident HF diagnosis was not statistically significant but showed a similar trend with an initial decline of −0.5 points (95% CI, −1.4 to +0.3) and a slope of −0.1 points per year (95% CI, −0.3 to 0.0).

CONCLUSIONS:
In this pooled cohort study, incident HF diagnosis was associated with initial decreases in global cognition and executive function and faster, persistent declines in these domains at follow-up.
Effect of Balloon Pulmonary Angioplasty and Riociguat on Right Ventricular Afterload and Function in CTEPH: Insights From the RACE Trial
Authors: Gerges Christian , Jevnikar Mitja , Brenot Philippe , Savale Laurent , Beurnier Antoine , Bouvaist Hélène , Sitbon Olivier , Fadel Elie , Boucly Athénaïs , Chemla Denis , Simonneau Gérald , Humbert Marc , Montani David , Jaïs Xavier ,   on behalf of the RACE Investigators
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
Riociguat and balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) improve hemodynamics in inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Importantly, comparative effects of riociguat and BPA on different components of right ventricular (RV) afterload and function remain not fully elucidated.

METHODS:
We conducted a post hoc analysis including patients from the RACE trial (Riociguat Versus Balloon Pulmonary Angioplasty in Non-Operable Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension) with complete data for the primary end point assessment (49 riociguat and 51 BPA). Symptomatic patients with a residual pulmonary vascular resistance >4 WU received add-on riociguat after BPA (n=18) or add-on BPA after riociguat (n=36) and were included in an ancillary 26-week follow-up study with hemodynamic reassessment at week 52.

RESULTS:

Cardiac output, stroke volume, and RV afterload improved significantly with riociguat and BPA, and the relative changes in RV afterload from baseline to week 26 were more pronounced in the BPA group (all
P
<0.001). Change in RV afterload was primarily mediated by decreased mean pulmonary arterial pressure in the BPA group, while increased cardiac output was the main driver in the riociguat group. Key parameters of RV function (RV stroke work and right atrial pressure) improved only in the BPA group. The ancillary follow-up study confirmed that relative change in RV afterload from week 26 to week 52 was more pronounced with add-on BPA, and improved RV function was only observed in the add-on BPA group.

CONCLUSIONS:
Both riociguat and BPA are effective in improving RV afterload in inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. However, BPA provided a more substantial impact on RV afterload reduction, and RV function only improved with BPA.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02634203.
TAX1BP3
Causes TRPV4-Mediated Autosomal Recessive Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Perelli Robin M. , Dewars Enya R. , Cope Heidi , Behura Alexander S. , Ponek Anna Q. , Sala Angelina M. , Zhang Zhushan , Muralidharan Padmapriya , Moya-Mendez Mary E. , Berkman Amy , Monaco Gabrielle G. , Sullivan Molly C. , Ezekian Jordan E. , Yang Qixin , Sun Bo , Kurzlechner Leonie M. , Asokan Tulsi , Breglio Andrew M. , Campbell M. Jay , Spector Zebulon Z. , Rehder Catherine W. ,   Undiagnosed Diseases Network, Tang Paul C. , James Cynthia A. , Calkins Hugh , Shashi Vandana , Landstrom Andrew P. 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is one of the leading causes of sudden cardiac death in children, young adults, and athletes and is characterized by the fibro-fatty replacement of the myocardium, predominantly of the right ventricle. Sixty percent of patients with ACM have a known genetic cause, but for the remainder, the etiology is unknown. This lack of mechanistic understanding has also slowed the development of disease-modifying therapies, and children with ACM have a high degree of morbidity and mortality.

METHODS:

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from 3 family members were differentiated into cardiac myocytes (CMs). Calcium imaging was conducted by labeling calcium with CAL-520 and confocal imaging to capture calcium sparks after iPSC-CMs were electrically paced. A cardiac-specific, inducible knockout mouse (Tax1bp3
−/−
) was made and intracardiac electrophysiology studies conducted to observe arrhythmia inducibility following pacing.

RESULTS:

We identified a kindred with multiple members affected by ACM cosegregating with biallelic variants in the gene
TAX1BP3
, which encodes the protein TAX1BP3 (Tax1-binding protein 3). iPSC-CMs derived from this kindred demonstrated increased intracellular lipid droplets, induction of TRPV4 (transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4) expression, and inducible TRPV4 current. This was associated with depletion of the intracellular sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca
2+
store and increased RyR2 (ryanodine receptor 2)-mediated store Ca
2+
leak and delayed afterdepolarizations, a known mechanism of Ca
2+
-mediated arrhythmogenesis. Similarly, Tax1bp3 cardiac-specific knockout mice had increased Ca
2+
leak and were predisposed to ventricular arrhythmias compared with wild-type mice. Ca
2+
leak in both the iPSC-CMs and mouse ventricular myocytes was rescued by small molecule TRPV4 inhibition. This strategy also effectively reduced Ca
2+
leak in a PKP2 (plakophilin 2) p.His773AlafsX8 iPSC-CM model of ACM.

CONCLUSIONS:

We conclude that
TAX1BP3
is associated with rare autosomal recessive ACM through TRPV4-mediated Ca
2+
leak from RyR2. Further, TRPV4 current inhibition has the potential to be a new therapeutic target for ACM.
Why Do Women Care More & Men Couldn't Care Less?
Authors: Schmader Toni , Block Katharina 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The health and well-being of society are sustained by a combination of paid and unpaid care work. Yet caregiving roles and occupations are overwhelmingly occupied by women. We outline evidence for five key sociocultural barriers to men's engagement in the care economy. These include prevalent cultural stereotypes that men are inherently less caring, despite little evidence for gender differences in caregiving abilities. Rather, men are socialized from a young age to devalue care as an activity at odds with being a man. These gendered beliefs about care have been getting wider over time and are especially entrenched in wealthy, individualistic societies. Without a collective understanding of these sociocultural barriers, people are unmotivated to change them. Given the myriad benefits of promoting a more gender-balanced care economy, elucidating the reasons women care more than men can motivate society to overcome these obstacles in new ways.
Technology & the Dynamics of Care for Older People
Authors: Fetterolf Elizabeth , Elder Andrew , Levi Margaret , Trivedi Ranak B. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The United States, like many countries, faces a contradiction: a growing number of older adults need care, yet the workforce on which this care depends is underpaid, marginalized, and relegated to the bottom ranks of the health care system. In response, technology presents an appealing potential solution for worried families hoping to remotely monitor “aging in place,” for care homes facing labor shortages, and for the technology companies that stand to profit. But the affordances of these technologies, the visions embedded within them, and their implications for workers, families, and older adults need specification. Drawing on the social scientific and medical literature on care, aging, and technology, this essay investigates several questions. Who is providing care, both paid and unpaid, and how does the introduction of technology into care provision affect each of the participants in the care network? What are the different types of technology that can aid care? What challenges and concerns do these technologies raise? And finally, how might we address these challenges moving forward?
The Social Life of Care
Authors: Gonsalves Gregg , Kapczynski Amy 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
While much recent writing about care casts it as an intimate and familial activity and commitment, there is a competing tradition that recognizes care as a social activity and commitment. This social concept of care is more suited to building a politics of care in a democracy, where we are committed to the equality of others. Care in its social articulation also requires public infrastructures and commitments to bring it into reality, and conflicts with the extractive imperatives of the market in our neoliberal economy. The history of public health, and insights drawn from social reproduction theory, can help us articulate the need for a new politics of care and identify the many challenges that stand in its way. Concerted social mobilization and a new social science of care will be needed if we are to address the universal need today for not only intimate but also social care.