bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protecting organizational competitiveness from the hazards of knowledge leakage through HRM
Authors: Fawad Sharif Sayed Muhammad , Yang Naiding , Rehman Atiq ur , Kanwal Fouzia , WangDu Fangmei 
Published: March 2021

PurposeCollaborative projects are useful tools for learning and innovation. However, there is an associated cost – knowledge leakage, which is theoretically linked to challenging organizational competitiveness. The purpose of this study is to examine whether knowledge-oriented human resource (HR) management practices can protect organizations from the adverse effect of knowledge leakage while investigating the moderating role of knowledge-oriented HR management practices.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses mixed methods involving collection of qualitative data through 13 qualitative interviews and quantitative data through 398 survey questionnaires. SPSS 23 and Process Macro 3.1 have been applied to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe study finds that knowledge leakage adversely affects organizational competitiveness, whereas the effect of knowledge-oriented HR management practices on organizational competitiveness is positive. Further, knowledge-oriented HR practices negatively and significantly moderate the relationship between knowledge leakage and organizational competitiveness. As the strength of the moderator increases, the effect of knowledge leakage tends to diminish. Besides, demographic factors (age of the firm and industry type) do not influence the organizational competitiveness.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has several theoretical contributions; first, it contributes to knowledge-based view by empirically establishing the adverse effect of knowledge leakage on organizational competitiveness. Second, knowledge-oriented HR management practices increase organizational competitiveness, which is contribution to HR management literature. Lastly, knowledge-oriented HR management practices protect organizational competitiveness from the adversaries of knowledge leakage, which is contribution to strategic management literature.Practical implicationsPractitioners must invest in knowledge-oriented HR management practices such as human-to-human knowledge transfer among the workers. It will increase firm-level knowledge base that will positively contribute to organizational competitiveness. In addition, such practices can evade the hostile effect of knowledge leakage.Originality/valueThe conceptual model is novel as this is the first study to establish (1) the empirical relationship of knowledge-oriented HR management practices and organizational competitiveness and (2) the moderating effect of knowledge-oriented HR management practices between knowledge leakage and organizational competitiveness.
Signaling sustainability: impact that learning how to report has on enrollment, endowment and emissions of North American higher education institutions
Authors: Minutolo Marcel C. , Ivanova Albena , Cong Michelle 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop an integrated model assessing the frequency and timing between reports on the Association for the Advancement of Sustainability in Higher Education (AASHE) Sustainability Tracking, Assessment and Rating System (STARS) reporting the framework by higher education institutions (HEIs) and the relationship between the STARS score and reputation (enrollment), finances (endowment) and performance (emissions).

Design/methodology/approach
The development of the theoretical model is based on learning, signaling and legitimacy theories. This study collects data from the AASHE STARS to indicate the rating level of 202 HEIs, control variables, enrollment, endowments and emissions. The hypotheses were tested using generalized linear models.

Findings
Findings suggest that as HEIs report on their sustainability activity, they learn to report better but that there is also an “un-learning” aspect if the HEI skips reporting in a period. The results support the main hypothesis that there is a relationship between reporting and engagement with the HEIs in the form of enrollment and endowments. Finally, the findings provide evidence that the HEIs’ reporting is associated with a reduction in emissions.

Practical implications
The findings suggest that HEIs should develop a reporting strategy on a standardized framework such as AASHE STARs and they ought to codify the approach to learn from prior reporting. Students and alumni are increasingly seeking to engage the HEI in the sustainability process and the report is a mechanism for signaling activities.

Social implications
The findings suggest that AASHE STARS scores may be used by HEIs as a signaling mechanism to stakeholders of their commitment to sustainability. The signal is a mechanism to reduce information asymmetry between the HEI and stakeholders who may want more information on the institution’s attempts toward sustainability but lack access to information. Further, HEI partners have a mechanism to assess the overall level of commitment of the HEI toward sustainability and can, therefore, engage accordingly.

Originality/value
There has been significant work on signaling theory and sustainability. However, the relationship between STARs reporting as a signal that legitimates the HEI, learning how to report well and HEI performance has received less attention. The current study demonstrates that the STARS framework as a reporting mechanism signals the HEIs’ level of commitment to sustainability thereby legitimating it resulting in improved performance.
Developing network adequacy standards for VA Community Care
Authors: Mattocks Kristin M. , Elwy A. Rani , Yano Elizabeth M. , Giovannelli Justin , Adelberg Michael , Mengeling Michelle A. , Cunningham Kristin J. , Matthews Kameron L. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo inform how the VA should develop and implement network adequacy standards, we convened an expert panel to discuss Community Care Network (CCN) adequacy and how VA might implement network adequacy standards for community care.Data Sources/Study settingData were generated from expert panel ratings and from an audio‐recorded expert panel meeting conducted in Arlington, Virginia, in October 2017.Study DesignWe used a modified Delphi panel process involving one round of expert panel ratings provided by nine experts in network adequacy standards. Expert panel members received a list of network adequacy standard measures used in commercial and government market and were provided a rating form listing a total of 11 measures and characteristics to rate.Data Collection MethodsItems on the rating form were individually discussed during an expert panel meeting between the nine expert panel members and VA Office of Community Care leaders. Attendees addressed discordant views and generated revised or new standards accordingly. Recorded audio data were transcribed to facilitate thematic analysis regarding opportunities and challenges with implementing network adequacy standards in VA Community Care.Principal FindingsThe five highest ranked standards were network directories for Veterans, regular reporting of network adequacy data to VA, maximum wait time/distance standards, minimum ratio of providers to enrolled population, and qualitative assessments of network adequacy. During the expert panel discussion with VA Community Care leaders, opportunities and challenges implementing network adequacy standards were highlighted.ConclusionsOur expert panel shed light on priorities for network adequacy to be implemented under CCN contracts, such as developing comprehensive provider directories for Veterans to use when selecting community providers. Remaining questions focus on whether the VA could reasonably develop and implement network adequacy standards given current Congressional restraints on VA reimbursement to community providers.
A portable library of phosphate‐depletion based synthetic promoters for customable and automata control of gene expression in bacteria
Authors: Torres‐Bacete Jesús , Luís García José , Nogales Juan 
Published: March 2021

SummaryIndustrial biotechnology gene expression systems relay on constitutive promoters compromising cellular growth from the start of the bioprocess, or on inducible devices, which require manual addition of cognate inducers. To overcome this shortcoming, we engineered an automata regulatory system based on cell‐stress mechanisms. Specifically, we engineered a synthetic and highly portable phosphate‐depletion library of promoters inspired by bacterial PHO starvation system (Pliar promoters). Furthermore, we fully characterized 10 synthetic promoters within the background of two well‐known bacterial workhorses such as E. coli W and P. putida KT2440. The promoters displayed an interesting host‐dependent performance and a wide strength spectrum ranging from 0.4‐ to 1.3‐fold when compared to the wild‐type phosphatase alkaline promoter (PphoA). By comparing with available gene expression systems, we proved the suitability of this new library for the automata and effective decoupling of growth from production in P. putida. Growth phase‐dependent expression of these promoters could therefore be activated by fine tuning the initial concentration of phosphate in the medium. Finally, the Pliar library was implemented in the SEVA platform in a ready‐to‐use mode allowing its broad use by the scientific community.
Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications of Jurassic Granites in the Xingcheng Area, Northeastern North China Craton
Authors: MU Maosong , YANG Debin , XU Wenliang , QUAN Yikang , HAO Leran , YANG Haotian , WANG Anqi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractNew integrated geochemical studies are reported for Jurassic granites of the Xingcheng area in the northeastern North China Craton. U–Pb zircon data indicate that the Huashan and Taili monzogranites were emplaced during the Early (189 ± 2 Ma) and Late (155 ± 1 Ma) Jurassic, respectively. They are typical of high‐K calc‐alkaline series rocks and I‐type granites, according to our whole‐rock geochemical researches. Both Early and Late Jurassic monzogranites show adakitic rock characteristics because of their high Sr contents (221–347 ppm) and Sr/Y ratios (28.7–37.5), and low Y contents (7.83 –14.7 ppm). The Early Jurassic monzogranite samples have an (87Sr/86Sr)i ratio of 0.7046, ∊Nd(t) values of –11.62 to –11.51, and ∊Hf(t) values of –13.6 to –6.4, whereas the Late Jurassic monzogranites have higher (87Sr/86Sr)i ratios of 0.7069–0.7071 and lower ∊Nd(t) (–20.65 to –20.46) and ∊Hf(t) (–27.6 to –20.0) values. We suggest that the Early Jurassic adakitic rocks were derived from partial melting of thickened lower crust contaminated with mantle‐derived materials, related to subduction of the Paleo‐Pacific Plate. The Late Jurassic adakitic rocks were derived from partial melting of thickened lower crust in an extensional tectonic setting associated with an active continental margin.
Muscle fibre distribution in forelimb, hindlimb and trunk muscles in three bat species: The little Japanese horseshoe, greater horseshoe and Egyptian fruit
Authors: Luziga Claudius , Miyata Hirofumi , Nagahisa Hiroshi , Oji Takashi , Wada Naomi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis study characterised muscle fibres in trunk, forelimb and hindlimb muscles of three bat species: little Japanese horseshoe (Rhinolophus cornutus), greater horseshoe (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum) and Egyptian fruit (Rousettus aegyptiacus). Twenty‐seven muscles from trunk, forelimb and hindlimb were dissected, weighed and analysed by immunohistochemistry and sodium didecyl sulphate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) and determined their cross‐sectional areas (CSA). Results showed that Type IIa and Type IIa/x made the highest proportion of total muscle mass. Moderate proportion was formed by Type IIb. Type I and IIx appeared at very low levels in all bats. Type IIb was the only fibre type detected in patagial muscles in wing membrane of greater horseshoe while other fibre types were not observed. Type I muscle fibres were very few and appeared infrequently in fifteen muscles of Egyptian fruit and in only one muscle in each, greater horseshoe and little Japanese horseshoe. Type IIx was also detected in three muscles in greater horseshoe and only one muscle in Egyptian fruit but none in little Japanese horseshoe. The highest average CSA μm2 was detected in Type IIb and values were 734.2μm2 for LHB; 1537.9μm2 for GHB and 1,720.9μm2 for EFB. Lowest and undetermined values were observed for Type I and IIx. These data demonstrate that Type IIa, IIa/x and IIb form significant proportion of adult bat muscle mass and Type IIb is the largest fibre type. The distribution pattern is suggestive of specialised functions of the fibres in relation to orientation and speed of bats during flight.
Attitude toward personal genomics: A nation‐wide survey of public and professionals in Pakistan
Authors: Ilyas Muhammad , Malik Saima , Alam Mukhtar , Mahmood Aamir , Irfan Muhammad , Shah Muttahid , Rahman Atiqur , Ahmad Habib 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWith the emergence of modern genetic testing and profiling techniques, it has become imperative to assess the general public awareness and attitudes toward such developments. The public's perspective and possible responses are necessary for planning commercial, legal, medical, or healthcare initiatives. The purpose of this study was to assess the perception of the general public and professionals about the personal genome testing and genetic profiling. A questionnaire‐based survey was conducted to investigate the attitudes of 2954 adults (56.4% male and 43.6% female) from more than 120 different educational, research, and professional organizations of Pakistan. The aim of the study was to assess interest in genomic testing. The findings of this survey will feed into the larger Genome Projects in Pakistan and will be helpful for the national bioethical committee, healthcare agencies, diagnostic companies, and other institutions for making policy decisions.
Time interval from transurethral resection of bladder tumour to bacille Calmette–Guérin induction does not impact therapeutic response
Authors: Hensley Patrick J. , Bree Kelly K. , Brooks Nathan , Matulay Justin , Li Roger , Nogueras González Graciela M. , Navai Neema , Grossman Herbert B. , Dinney Colin P. , Kamat Ashish M. 
Published: March 2021

ObjectivesTo investigate bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG) tolerability and response with respect to the timing of BCG administration after transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) in patients with non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).Patients and MethodsA review of patients with NMIBC at our institution managed with at least ‘adequate BCG’ (defined by the United States Food and Drug Administration as at least five of six induction instillations, with two additional instillations comprising either maintenance or repeat induction) at our institution from 2000 to 2018 was performed. Time from TURBT to first instillation of induction BCG was stratified by quartile and analysed as a continuous variable. Kaplan–Meier and log‐rank tests analysed differences in recurrence‐free (RFS) and progression‐free survival (PFS). Cox proportional hazards regression models identified associations between risk factors and survival outcomes.ResultsA total of 518 patients received adequate BCG at a median (range) of 26 (6–188) days from TURBT. Overall, 45 patients (9%) developed BCG intolerance at a median (range) 12 (7‐33) instillations. When time from TURBT to BCG was stratified into quartiles, there was no difference with respect BCG intolerance (P = 0.966), RFS (P = 0.632) or PFS (P = 0.789). On both uni‐ and multivariate regression analysis for RFS and PFS, time from TURBT to BCG was not a significant predictor when analysed by quartile or as a continuous variable (the hazard ratio for RFS was 1.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.99–1.00, P = 0.449; and for PFS was 0.99, 95% CI 0.98–1.00, P = 0.074).ConclusionThe rates of tolerability and response to adequate BCG are not predicated by the timing of induction BCG instillation after TURBT. Early administration in properly selected patients is safe and delays do not affect therapeutic response.
Influence of carbon black with different polar groups on the solvent N‐methylmorpholine N‐oxide
Authors: Jin Hong , Kumi Alex Kwasi , Cui Shiqiang , Zhang Yumei 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTo confirm the effect of the surface property of carbon black (CB) on the lyocell process and the chemical stability of the solvent N‐methylmorpholine N‐oxide (NMMO), molecular dynamics simulation and ultraviolet tests were performed to investigate the interaction between aqueous NMMO solution and CB surfaces with different polar groups. The hydrophobic interaction between the O2 atom of NMMO and the unmodified CB surface increased with an increase in NMMO concentration. The interaction improved the dispersion of CB in aqueous NMMO solution, but this effect was not sufficient to prevent the aggregation between CB particles. Modifying the CB surface with a 1%‐3% carboxyl or amino group produced a stronger electrostatic interaction between the polar groups and the solvent molecules; however, the carboxyl group had a significant influence on the chemical stability of NMMO. The amino group can realise the stable dispersion of CB in aqueous NMMO solutions without affecting the chemical stability of NMMO, which would be the best choice for preparation of functional lyocell fibre.
6‐year results of BiOSS stents in coronary bifurcation treatment
Authors: Gil Robert J. , Kern Adam , Formuszewicz Radoslaw , Iñigo Garcia Luis A. , Dobrzycki Slawomir , Vassilev Dobrin , Bil Jacek 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe wide variation in bifurcation anatomy has generated an ongoing search for stents explicitly designed for coronary bifurcations, and to date, results have been underachieved.MethodsThe POLBOS I and POLBOS II were international, multicentre, randomized, open‐label, controlled trials. Patients were randomly assigned to BiOSS Expert (in POLBOS I, biodegradable polymer eluting paclitaxel)/BiOSS LIM (in POLBOS II, biodegradable polymer eluting sirolimus) stent implantation or regular drug‐eluting stent (rDES) deployment. A provisional T‐stenting strategy was the default treatment option. The primary endpoint of this pooled data study was the cumulative rate of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) consisting of cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI) and target lesion revascularization (TLR). Telephone follow‐up was performed annually up to 72 months. (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: POLBOS I—NCT02192840, POLBOS II—NCT02198300).ResultsThe total study population consisted of 445 patients, 222 patients in the BiOSS group and 223 patients in the rDES group. The follow‐up rate was 93.7% in the BiOSS group and 91.9% in the rDES group. At 72 months, there was no significant difference between BiOSS and rDES groups regarding MACE (25.7% vs 25.1%, HR 1.06, 95% CI 0.73‐1.52), cardiac death (3.1% vs 4.0%, HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.43‐2.34), MI (3.6% vs 4.9%, HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.32‐2.89), TLR (18.9% vs 16.1%, HR 1.17, 95% CI 0.75‐1.83) and stent thrombosis rates (0.9% vs 0.5%, HR 1.21, 95CI 0.75‐2.09).ConclusionsAt the 6‐year follow‐up, clinically significant clinical events did not differ between BiOSS stents and rDES.
Entrepreneuring for deprived urban communities: Exploring the role of micro‐entrepreneurship
Authors: Colovic Ana , Schruoffeneger Marion 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis paper studies how micro‐entrepreneurs engage in entrepreneuring to generate social value for their communities. We study three cases of micro‐entrepreneurs operating in deprived urban communities in Brazil. Our findings reveal that micro‐entrepreneurs create social value by engaging in transformative, emancipatory, and connective entrepreneuring. We identify a three‐stage model of social value creation through entrepreneuring. We contribute to the literature by providing evidence of the emancipatory and transformative dimensions of entrepreneuring and extend understanding of this phenomenon to include the dimension of connectivity.
Valproate usage in pregnancy: An audit from the Kerala Registry of Epilepsy and Pregnancy
Authors: Seshachala Balaji B. , Jose Manna , Lathikakumari Arya M. , Murali Sruthy , Kumar Arjun S. , Thomas Sanjeev V. 
Published: March 2021

SummaryObjectiveThis is an audit of the use of valproate (VPA) during pregnancy in women with epilepsy (WWE).MethodsWe identified all pregnancies exposed to VPA in the Kerala Registry of Epilepsy and Pregnancy between January 2010 and December 2019. Subjects' past usage of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), seizure count before and during pregnancy, fetal outcome, and major congenital malformations (MCMs) were abstracted from the registry records. The presumed reason for usage of VPA was deducted from the clinical records.ResultsThere were 221 pregnancies (17.75%) exposed to VPA (monotherapy,n= 149) during the audit period. The MCM rate for the completed pregnancies exposed to VPA was higher (n = 20, 10.36%) than that of VPA‐unexposed pregnancies (n = 39, 4.96%). The relative risk for MCM with VPA exposure was 2.1 (95% confidence interval = 1.24–3.48, number needed to treat with VPA to result in MCM = 19). Reasons for using VPA during pregnancy (some women had more than one reason) were (1) VPA was the first AED prescribed and was effective (68, 29.06%), (2) other AEDs were ineffective (128, 54.70%), and (3) other AEDs were discontinued due to adverse effects (17, 7.28%). Other reasons (21, 8.97%) were (1) VPA was selected after the epilepsy classification was revised (3, 1.28%), (2) other AEDs were expensive (2, .85%), and (3) patient switched to VPA from other AEDs for unspecified reason (16, 6.83%). VPA was discontinued during pregnancy for 6 (2.71%) persons. Less than 10% of women were tried on lamotrigine or levetiracetam before switching to VPA.SignificanceNine MCMs per thousand pregnancies can be avoided if VPA is not used in WWE. Safe and effective AEDs as alternatives to VPA are the need of the hour. Professional bodies and regulatory authorities need to implement updated guidelines on AED usage in girls and women.
Sustainable fisheries are essential but not enough to ensure well‐being for the world’s fishers
Authors: Giron‐Nava Alfredo , Lam Vicky W. Y. , Aburto‐Oropeza Octavio , Cheung William W. L. , Halpern Benjamin S. , Sumaila U. Rashid , Cisneros‐Montemayor Andrés M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEffective fisheries management is necessary for the long‐term sustainability of fisheries and the economic benefits that they provide, but focusing only on ecological sustainability risks disregarding ultimate goals related to well‐being that must be achieved through broader social policy. An analysis of global landings data shows that average fishing wages in 36%–67% of countries, home to 69%–95% of fishers worldwide, are likely below their nationally determined minimum living wage (which accounts for costs of food, shelter, clothing, health and education). Furthermore, even if all fisheries in every country were perfectly managed to achieve their Maximum Sustainable Yield, a common sustainability target, average incomes of fishers in up to 49 countries—70% of fishers worldwide—would still not meet minimum living wages. Access to decent work and livelihoods are fundamental human rights, including for all fisherfolk around the world, and strategies to support their well‐being must therefore integrate a much wider set of perspectives, disciplines and institutions. Key first steps for fisheries researchers are to more fully recognize and estimate fisheries benefits to households—including income from women and/or alternative employment, unreported landings, or shadow values of subsistence catch—and to help identify and learn from economic equity outcomes in rebuilt fisheries around the world.