bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Acoustic Variable Density Logging Technology in Petroleum Energy Development
Authors: Wang Chunrui 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Energy is an important factor restricting the development of national economy, and petroleum energy is the main supplier in the current world energy environment, which promotes the development of agriculture, and various industrial sectors are closely related to petrochemical products. However, with the long-term development of the oilfield, it has experienced the stages of flowing production, water injection development and three times of chemical agent injection development, the production and explorable new reserves have decreased significantly, especially after the oilfield entered the well pattern three times of infilling adjustment, because of the exploitation of thin, poor and off surface reservoirs mixed between the main oil layers. Due to the requirements of oilfield development, not only the channeling between the adjusted thin and poor layers should be prevented, but also the channeling between the adjusted thin and thick layers should be prevented. Therefore, the requirements for cementing quality are higher and higher, and the requirements for testing and evaluation standards of cementing quality are more and more accurate. In this paper, through the application of acoustic variable density logging technology in petroleum energy development, combined with the examples of acoustic amplitude and acoustic variable density logging curve, the cementing accuracy of the first, second and interface of cement sheath after cementing is further improved, so as to meet the new requirements of correctly evaluating the cementing quality in the later stage of oilfield development.
Experimental Study on the Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2 by Fe2O3/BiOIO3 Composite Photocatalyst
Authors: Zou Jianshu , Wu Jiang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to produce renewable hydrocarbon fuels is of great significance for solving the greenhouse effect and energy crisis. However, due to some shortcomings of the photocatalyst itself, further research is needed to realize its industrial application. In this article, we prepared Fe2O3/BiOIO3 composite photocatalyst by a simple one-step hydrothermal method, and discussed the photocatalytic activity and reaction mechanism of Fe2O3/BiOIO3 composite photocatalyst through a series of characterization and photocatalytic reduction experiments. The band gap energy of the composite photocatalyst (2.32 ev) is smaller than that of pure BiOIO3 (2.98 ev), so the composite photocatalyst can absorb visible light. Since the edge of the conduction band of BiOIO3 is more positive than the edge of the Fe2O3 conduction band, the photogenerated electrons in the Fe2O3 conduction band can be transferred to the BiOIO3 conduction band, which makes BiOIO3 more reducible and can reduce CO2 to CO. This study can provide some reference for the field of photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide.
Gasoline Vapor Explosion Modes in Confined Space under Weak Constraint Conditions
Authors: Liang Jianjun , Wang Shimao , Liu Shu , Zhang Peili , Wang Dong , Yang Yiqi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The article focuses on the establishment of the experiment system in confined space with weak constraint surface. It also studies the overpressure variation of gasoline vapor explosion, the mechanism of flame shapes with time, and the coupling relationship between them under different weak constraint conditions. Meantime, the development modes of external flame after the damage of weak constraint are categorized. The results show that: 1. With the increasing area of weak constraint surface, the development modes of external flame can be categorized into: under-expansion jet combustion, jet combustion, external explosion. 2. When an external explosion occurs, the change of internal overpressure in confined space is more complicated, with multiple overpressure peaks as well as strong Helmholtz oscillations. 3. Lower initial gasoline vapor concentration and large area of weak constraint surface are more conducive to external explosion.
Simulation of a typical fire process in a gas station
Authors: Xiao Jun , Zhang Peili , Li Liheng , Li Yuxi , Wu Jingsi , Cai Yunxiong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Fire simulation software PyroSim was used to simulate the occurrence and development process of a gas station kiosk fire, the change rules of key parameters such as temperature, CO, smoke spread and visibility in the fire process were briefly discussed. From the simulation process and results, when there is an open fire in the refueling booth, the smoke is mainly distributed below the refueling booth and will not enter the interior of the supporting office area. The visibility within 1m near the supporting office area is not significantly affected; the highest temperature near the burning surface and the lower wall of the roof of the refueling booth can reach more than 1000°C, and the temperature of the refueling unit and the column nearest to the burning surface can reach 400°C;the highest concentration of carbon monoxide within 1m of the supporting office area is 18ppm, which is not high enough to cause harm to human body.
The Effects of Substrate Types on Rainwater Control on a Container Green Roof
Authors: Tian Yiwen , Zou Weina , Xu Li , Tang Huiling , Qin Bingduo , Pan Xiaochen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Green roofs have been recognized as a valuable approach to adjust for urban microclimate, purifying rainwater and increasing biodiversity in urban spaces. Besides, it can be used to control rainwater runoff effectively. The adsorption function of green roofs on rainwater runoff mainly depends on the interception effect of the vegetation layer and the absorption and storage effect of the substrate layer. The effects of rainwater runoff are impacted by varying substrate types. In this study, the formation time of runoff for silicate mixed matrix (grass soil: pumice = 3:1) and high-temperature combustion oxide mixed matrix (grass soil: slag = 3:1) were measured and compared in a rainfall simulation experiment. The different responses between their runoff intensity and time were analyzed. The results showed that the runoff formation time was 255 min for the silicate mixed matrix and the runoff peak time was 310 min when the rainfall intensity was 0.3 mm/min and the substrate thickness was 300 mm. The runoff formation time was 230 min for the high temperature combustion oxide mixed matrix and the runoff peak time was 290 min in the same conditions. Both the runoff formation time (over 9.8%) and the peak runoff time (over 6.5%) for the silicate mixed matrix were longer than the time for the high temperature combustion oxide mixed matrix. Based on the results from this study, the silicate mixed matrix is more effective than the high temperature combustion oxide mixed matrix in control rainwater runoff on green roofs.
Weak alkali ASP flooding in the second type reservoir in the A OilfieldProfile control technology and effect
Authors: Yun Kong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Profile control technology refers to the operation of plugging high permeability layers from injection wells, which can adjust the suction profile of injection layers and improve the ultimate recovery. In this paper, the heterogeneity of the weak alkali ternary compound block of the second kind of oil layer in the A area of the some Second Division is strong, the injection conditions between well groups are different, the injection pressure level of some wells is low, the suction conditions of each sedimentary unit are different, and the comprehensive water cut of the block is high. In order to alleviate the contradiction between in formation and in plane, improve the utilization rate of chemical agents, and improve the ultimate recovery rate of the block, the deep profile control is carried out according to the characteristics of the oil layer development of the well group. Ten profile control wells were selected to adopt the profile control system of one and two polymer gel, which is a water shutoff agent for oil production. The polymer solution was used to carry particles for deep profile control. In this paper, the characteristics of profile control technology and the method of well and layer selection are studied, and the change law of dynamic index after profile control is analyzed in detail.
Research on Battery Balancing Strategies
Authors: Yuanyuan Li 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
While being used as energy storage carriers, batteries usually need to form series-parallel modules to meet the requirements of system voltage and power. Due to the differences of materials, production process and temperature of each battery in the module, there will be unbalanced voltage. If it is not controlled, some batteries will be damaged due to overcharge or over discharge, resulting in the failure of the module or even accidents. This paper first analyzes the development of energy storage batteries, and studies the causes of the imbalance of the battery pack and the significance of its balance. Then several battery equalization methods and their working principles are studied, and the equalization process of a double-layer active equalization system is analyzed in detail, so as to improve the consistency of the batteries and extend their service life. Finally, the comparative analysis results of inductor-based equalization and transformer-based equalization are given.
Design Of Airfoil For Low Reynolds Number Flights Using Python Automation Code
Authors: Somashekar V , Immanuel Selwyn Raj A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The design of airfoil represents a facet of aerodynamics. The low-Reynolds number flight vehicle manufacturers/designers are seeking the efficient and effective method of airfoil design code for design and development. This research paper presents an efficient, low-speed airfoil design using the Python automation code. The main objective is to design the airfoil to achieve high aerodynamic performance for future fixed-wing micro aerial vehicle (MAV) applications. In this study, the fixed-wing micro aerial vehicle travel with the speed range between 6-20 m/s and the Reynolds number 2x105 are considered. The Python automation code is developed to achieve the optimum air foil as per the user requirements The designed airfoil is analysed using ANSYS Fluent and is validated with wind tunnel experiments. According to the findings, the designed airfoil has a high lift aerodynamic performance at low Reynolds number and could be ideal for the design and development of micro aerial vehicles. The maximum variation of the coefficients of lift and drag from reference (S1223 airfoil) and designed airfoil numerical results are 13.64% and 16.66%, respectively at 10 angle of attack (AOA). The maximum range and endurance estimated for both reference and designed airfoil. The maximum range 6% increased for designed airfoil as compared to the reference airfoil. It is strongly recommended that any aerodynamic design engineer can use this Python automation code to design the airfoil as per the user requirements.
Drive Shaft Design and Analysis For Mini Baja
Authors: Gowtham S , Raaghul V , Sreeharan B N , Praveen Kumar R A , Mohamed Kasim S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A wide variety of automobile design and racing events happening across the country to encourage the student community in the design of automobile vehicles. In this regard, the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) enables a student to gain real world experience in the fields of design, analysis and manufacturing of the all-terrain vehicle by conducting such events. This paper describes about the design and analysis of drive shaft for mini BAJA vehicle that has participated in one of the national level competitions conducted by SAE. Drive shaft is one of the major components used in BAJA. The drive shaft discussed here is used to transmit the required torque from the differential to the wheels. All the components of the drive shaft were designed analytically, modeled in Solid Works and analyzed using Ansys software to ensure its safety. The main objective is to fabricate more reliable and eco-friendly drive shaft by minimizing the cost and increasing the overall performance.
Optimization Of Process Parameters For Peak Temperature During Friction Stir Welding Of Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Shinde Gurunath , Jadhav Ganesh , Jamadar Vahid , Mulani Sarafaraj , Arakerimath Rachayya 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Friction stir welding is a solid state joining method used to join materials which cannot be joined by fusion welding. In this joining method, heat produced due to the friction between tool and workpiece is used to weld workpiece material. Heat input depends upon amount of friction caused by process parameters such as rotational speed, weld speed, tool geometry, axial force etc. In the present study, effect of friction stir welding process parameters such as shoulder to pin diameter ratio, rotational speed and weld speed on peak temperature obtained during friction stir welding of aluminum alloy were investigated using taguchi L9 orthogonal array. ANOVA result shows that shoulder to pin diameter ratio (D/d) is the most significant factor affecting on peak temperature obtained during the FSW.
Soft Computing Approach To Design Energy Efficient Protocol In Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Anand Santosh , sinha Somnath 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The major limitation of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is the efficient utilization of energy resources. Maximum energy is lost during communication in terms of transmission power. The minimum and maximum value of transmission power depends on the node density for any particular network. In this research work the transmission power which is generally considered to be fixed for any node is subjected to be changed by taking random values between minimum and maximum transmission power as directed by the proposed neural network model. The idea cab be used in any simulation technique to enhance the lifetime of WSN. It proves that the network can save the energy considerably.
Vision Based Self Adaptive Algorithm for 6 Axis ABB Industrial Welding Robot
Authors: Parameshwaran R , Tony Thomas A , Madhu Vishal V 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The ultimate aim of this work “Vision Based Self Adaptive Algorithm for 6 Axis ABB Industrial Welding Robot” is to develop a self-adaptive RAPID algorithm based on the captured image of the work piece. The image of the work piece is captured using NI Guppy pro F031C camera which has 300 DPI with 120 FPS resolution. The captured image is transferred to the LabVIEW software for developing the self-adaptive algorithm through RS232 serial communication protocol. The LabVIEW vision assistant module is used to develop an algorithm based on the geometry of the captured image. The various image processing operations like Thresholding, Morphological operation (Thinning), and edge detection are carried out. The caliper tool is used to measure the distance between the coordinate points (welding distance). With the aid of Visual Basic, the measured values are converted into coordinates. The coordinates are used to develop a RAPID program with the aid of ABB Robot Studio library functions. The virtual server is established between the ABB Robot Studio and IRC5 Controller with the use of MOD-BUS protocol with VISA. After receiving the data from the MOD-BUS, the IRC5 controller moves the ABB Industrial Robot End effectors along with the welding gun for the welding purpose. The work piece is located on the designed jigs and fixtures. The different types of welding with different design can be incorporated with the Vision Assistant module for further development. To illustrate the developed algorithm, robot assisted MIG welding process is carried out. The welded work-pieces are tested for its strength quality and the results are verified. Optimal welding parameters for the good quality of weldment identified by using Taguchi method of optimization.
Investigation of aluminium LM6 metal matrix composites reinforced with graphene flakes using stir casting process
Authors: Narendiranath babu T , Yadhukrishnan  , Saxena Ishaan Rahul , Modi Drumit B 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Through the past decades Aluminium has been used in several manufacturing sectors because of its unique properties like light weight, highly malleable and ductile, high strength etc. Metal Matrix Composite (MMC) is being in trend due to its ability to inhibit good properties of its constituents . The purpose of this paper is to manufacture Aluminium LM6 MMC with infused Graphene Flakes(in concentration of 0.1%,0.25%,0.4% by weight) by Stir Casting Process and to study the changes in the mechanical characteristics and compare with the former. Secondly as Graphene is highly expensive material we will be using Exfoliation method to extract Graphene Flakes from the graphite rods.
Numerical investigation on air-cooling enhancement of a motor cycle engine by varying fins geometry
Authors: Sahoo Bibhuti B , Nayak Chandrakanta , Shrivastava Mukul 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Two-wheeler vehicles are equipped with an air-cooled cooling system. Internal combustion engines generate heat to obtain mechanical energy but non-convertible heat energy is dissipated from engine heat and walls. Air-cooled fins provide extra material with an extended surface area to enhance heat transfer rate. The performance of fins can be increased by changing different parameters like material, geometry, number of fins etc. Present work combines the changes in the fin geometry, shape, and pitch to maximize the heat transfer rate as compared to earlier available works. Modelling of 100 cc engine with cooling fins is recreated using CAD software SOLIDWORKS. A heat thermal analysis of original and modified models was done with Mechanical ANSYS and Fluent. In the thermal analysis, temperature variation along the length of the fins was analyzed. The modified model was able to achieve an 8.5 % increase in heat transfer rate with air-motion as compared to the existing original 100 cc engine cylinder.
Effect of fiber orientation on the tensile and flexural properties of vetiverfiber reinforced epoxy composites
Authors: Natarajan Senthilnathan , Thamba Narendiranath Babu , Nandi Sukalpan , Kavitha K.V.N , Ayyagari Srinath 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Natural fibre composites find application in some areas of aerospace, automotive, marine, electrical and sports equipments. They replace traditional materials due to the advantage of bio-degradability and environmental durability. However, better understanding of the composite behavior is required to ascertain its durability in the field of applications. In this work, vetiver fibre composites are prepared and tested for tensile and flexural strength. Vetiver fibers of length 15-16cm were used as reinforcements and epoxy resin with hardener is used as the matrix. Three types of composites were prepared using three different arrangements of the Vetiver fibers. The orientation of the fibres include longitudinal, transverse and a third arrangement combining both the directions. The flexural and tensile tests of these three types of composites are carried out and the results are compared with each other and useful conclusions were drawn from them.
A review on Graphene Reinforced Composites for Ballistic applications
Authors: Kuclourya Tanay , Mudliar Shubham , Jain Mohit Kumar , Thamba Narendiranath Babu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The review paper emphasizes mainly on the hybridization of coir fiber and spider silk with carbon fiber and different percentage compositions of graphene, with an ultimate aim as to how the strength of these hybridized composites can contribute in the fields of material and manufacturing engineering. Firstly, there is an analysis of different properties of coir, carbon fibers, graphene and spider silk. Secondly, there is an analysis of the ballistic test performed on the specimens. In this review, some very basic yet important information is collected and discussed which will help the future researchers in the preparation of hybrid composites involving graphene. Being a natural fiber, the bristle coir fibers are pre-treated with alkali (NaOH) and then acidic treatment is done to remove the excess alkali. After the fibers become neutral, permanganate treatment is done. In case of spider silk, no pre-treatment is done. These fibers are reinforced with epoxy and different weight percentage of graphene (1wt%, 2wt%, 4wt%, 6wt %). Carbon fibre is incorporated in between using conventional hand layup technique. The epoxy and graphene mixture is sonicated to make sure that a uniform and good mixture is obtained. The review facilitates to perform ballistic test on the samples as the results from this test can substantiate to deliver a vital improvement in the field of material selection for body armors.
Performance Enhancement of Rotary Desiccant Wheel using Novel Homogenous Composite Desiccant Designs
Authors: Muthu Selvaraji , Sekarapandian N , Ashok K 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Rotary solid desiccant wheels are used as sensible and latent heat recovery wheels in the Desiccant-HVAC systems. The two major types of these wheels include enthalpy (total energy recovery) wheels which remove sensible heat and latent heat from process air and transfer them to regeneration air, and dehumidification wheels which transfer a significant amount of moisture (latent heat) at the same time minimizes heat transfer. In this work a set of novel design of hybrid rotary desiccant wheel constructed using a composite homogeneous mixture of solid desiccants (multiple types of silica gel and molecular sieves) are proposed. The transport phenomena taking place in the proposed set of novel design of hybrid rotary desiccant wheel are simulated numerically using an in house finite volume method based CFD code. The performances of these wheels are compared with conventional type of wheels made of molecular sieves and silica gel, respectively. The results show that the performance of these hybrid wheels are enhanced by up to 40 % by using these novel composite wheel designs.
Industry 4.0 transformation initiatives in a small scale mill board unit through sustainable manufacturing: A case study
Authors: Vezhavendhan R , Kumar S Senthil , Jayakrishna K , Aravindraj S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Small scale mill board manufacturing industries are shutting down shop at an enormous pace. Observation shows that three out of five such units close down operations within three years of its inception due to their inability to sustain in the market. These units have not been able to utilize resources effectively and have not been able to run profitably too. Further, they have been struggling to meet the norms stipulated by the state pollution control board. This article is a review of various problems identified in a mill board unit and the measures taken that made the unit self-reliant and transform into an Industry 4.0 enterprise through sustainable smart manufacturing concepts. This case study describes measures adopted to revive a struggling mill board unit and its success in terms of economic profitability and issues in incorporating Industry 4.0 concepts..