bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transition from coherent cores to surrounding cloud in L1688
Authors: Choudhury Spandan , Pineda Jaime E. , Caselli Paola , Offner Stella S. R. , Rosolowsky Erik , Friesen Rachel K. , Redaelli Elena , Chacón-Tanarro Ana , Shirley Yancy , Punanova Anna , Kirk Helen 
Published: February 2021

Context. Stars form in cold dense cores showing subsonic velocity dispersions. The parental molecular clouds display higher temperatures and supersonic velocity dispersions. The transition from core to cloud has been observed in velocity dispersion, but temperature and abundance variations are unknown.
Aims. We aim to measure the temperature and velocity dispersion across cores and ambient cloud in a single tracer to study the transition between the two regions.
Methods. We use NH3 (1,1) and (2,2) maps in L1688 from the Green Bank Ammonia Survey, smoothed to 1′, and determine the physical properties by fitting the spectra. We identify the coherent cores and study the changes in temperature and velocity dispersion from the cores to the surrounding cloud.
Results. We obtain a kinetic temperature map extending beyond dense cores and tracing the cloud, improving from previous maps tracing mostly the cores. The cloud is 4–6 K warmer than the cores, and shows a larger velocity dispersion (Δσv = 0.15–0.25 km s−1). Comparing to Herschel-based dust temperatures, we find that cores show kinetic temperatures that are ≈1.8 K lower than the dust temperature, while the gas temperature is higher than the dust temperature in the cloud. We find an average p-NH3 fractional abundance (with respect to H2) of (4.2 ± 0.2) × 10−9 towards the coherent cores, and (1.4 ± 0.1) × 10−9 outside the core boundaries. Using stacked spectra, we detect two components, one narrow and one broad, towards cores and their neighbourhoods. We find the turbulence in the narrow component to be correlated with the size of the structure (Pearson-r = 0.54). With these unresolved regional measurements, we obtain a turbulence–size relation of σv,NT ∝ r0.5, which is similar to previous findings using multiple tracers.
Conclusions. We discover that the subsonic component extends up to 0.15 pc beyond the typical coherent boundaries, unveiling larger extents of the coherent cores and showing gradual transition to coherence over ~0.2 pc.
IRIS observations of chromospheric heating by acoustic waves in solar quiet and active regions
Authors: Abbasvand V. , Sobotka M. , Švanda M. , Heinzel P. , Liu W. , Mravcová L. 
Published: February 2021

Aims. To study the heating of solar chromospheric magnetic and nonmagnetic regions by acoustic and magnetoacoustic waves, the deposited acoustic-energy flux derived from observations of strong chromospheric lines is compared with the total integrated radiative losses.
Methods. A set of 23 quiet-Sun and weak-plage regions were observed in the Mg II k and h lines with the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS). The deposited acoustic-energy flux was derived from Doppler velocities observed at two different geometrical heights corresponding to the middle and upper chromosphere. A set of scaled nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium 1D hydrostatic semi-empirical models – obtained by fitting synthetic to observed line profiles – was applied to compute the radiative losses. The characteristics of observed waves were studied by means of a wavelet analysis.
Results. Observed waves propagate upward at supersonic speed. In the quiet chromosphere, the deposited acoustic flux is sufficient to balance the radiative losses and maintain the semi-empirical temperatures in the layers under study. In the active-region chromosphere, the comparison shows that the contribution of acoustic-energy flux to the radiative losses is only 10−30%.
Conclusions. Acoustic and magnetoacoustic waves play an important role in the chromospheric heating, depositing a main part of their energy in the chromosphere. Acoustic waves compensate for a substantial fraction of the chromospheric radiative losses in quiet regions. In active regions, their contribution is too small to balance the radiative losses and the chromosphere has to be heated by other mechanisms.
Anatomy of Perforating veins of the lower limb
Authors: Uhl Jean-François , Gillot Claude 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Perforansvenen (PV) der unteren Extremitäten sind nicht nur gerade und direkte Verbindungen zwischen den tiefen und oberflächlichen Venennetzen, sondern bilden gemeinsam ein weit verzweigtes Netz. Trotz ihrer starken anatomischen Variabilität ist ihre Position bemerkenswert konstant und prognostizierbar. Dies ist durch ihre enge Beziehung zu den Muskelvenen bedingt und durch die hämodynamischen Ebenen entlang der Extremität zu erklären. Sie sind bei der Beurteilung durch Ultraschalluntersucher in der täglichen Praxis eine Hilfe.Der anatomische Inhalt dieses Artikels stammt aus folgenden Quellen: Anatomische Präparationen von C. Gillot nach Latex-Injektion und anschließender farblicher Unterteilung von über 400 Extremitäten. Dreidimensionale Rekonstruktionen von CT-Venografien von 1200 Extremitäten und präoperativen Hautvenenvermessungen von 25 000 Extremitäten.Es wird Folgendes beschrieben: Referenzpunkte der Extremität, Perforansvenen des Fußes, Beins und Sprunggelenks, der Wade, Anastomosen zwischen den Perforansvenen, Begleitarterien der Bein-PVs und Oberschenkel-PVs.
Ummantelung und Schutz
Authors: Corts Magga 
Published: February 2021

SummaryGehirn und Rückenmark – also das zentrale Nervensystem (ZNS) – sind von strukturierten bindegewebigen Schichten umgeben, den Meningen (Einzahl: Meninx). Je nach Ort und Topografie gibt es bauliche Unterschiede der Meningen.
Skin Color May Predict Intra-Abdominal Adhesions During Repeated Caesarean Section Deliveries
Authors: Altınboğa Orhan , Karakoç Gökhan , Eroğlu Hasan , Akpınar Funda , Erol Seyit Ahmet , Yakıştıran Betül , Tekin Özlem Moraloğlu , Yucel Aykan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective Caesarean rates have increased rapidly for various reasons recently. One of the important reasons among these is medicolegal problems. Our aim with this study was to preoperatively predict abdominal adhesion density by combining the scar tissue morphology formed in the post-caesarean Pfannenstiel incision line and the skin color scoring of the patients.
Material and methods Patients who had undergone one caesarean section previously, completed their terms (37−39 weeks) and were under 35 years old were included in the study. Skin color scoring of the patients was performed using the Fitzpatrick skin color scale. Intra-abdominal adhesion scoring of the participant patients was performed using Nair’s adhesion scoring system.
Results The change in abdominal adhesion scores was evaluated based on the Fitzpatrick color scale. Adhesion scores per the Nair intra-abdominal adhesion scoring system were found to be 0.04±0.209 in the FP1 group, 0.35±0.662 in the FP2 group, 1.58±0.923 in the FP3 group, and 2.33±0.577 in the FP4 group (p<0.05). These results showed a significant increase in adhesion density with increasing skin color darkness. Based on these results, it was observed that the abdominal adhesion scores and the frequency of depressed skin scar were significantly increased with increasing Fitzpatrick scores (p<0.05).
Conclusion The aim of this study was to increase the prediction rates by adding the skin color scoring to the scar tissue characteristics, which have been used in previous studies. The results of this study indicate that the combination of these two parameters may be more effective in predicting intra-abdominal adhesions. Nevertheless, there is a need for studies with a much higher number of patients and multiple parameters to be able to predict intra-abdominal adhesion density preoperatively with greater accuracy.
Erstellung zuverlässiger Erythrozytenkonzentrat-Bedarfslisten für Operationen und Interventionen aus Data-Warehouse-Daten und der patientenbezogenen Chargendokumentation von Blutkomponenten
Authors: Zimmermann Robert , Becker Andreas , Hackstein Holger , Ganslandt Thomas 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Versäumnis, transfusionsvorbereitende Diagnostik durchzuführen und eine ausreichende Anzahl von Blutkomponenten vor der Operation zu bestellen, führt zunehmend zu klinischen Notfällen und vermeidbaren Risiken für die Patienten. Die eigentlich obligatorische Erstellung von Blutbedarfslisten scheitert oft an der Verfügbarkeit geeigneter Daten. Das Universitätsklinikum Erlangen ist ein Krankenhaus der Tertiärversorgung mit 1400 Betten. Hier werden seit 2010 kontinuierlich alle relevanten Daten zur Interpretation von Mustern bei der Verwendung von Blutbestandteilen erhoben. Wir sind in der Lage, die klinischen Data-Warehouse-Komponenten der persönlichen Daten der Empfänger von Erythrozytenkonzentraten (EK), die Codes der stationären Patienten im G-DRG-System (G-DRG: German Diagnosis Related Group), ICD-Codes, OPS-Codes und die Daten der EK-Komponenten aus dem IT-System der Blutbank zu integrieren. Die erhaltenen DRGs, ICD-Codes und OPS-Codes werden mit den Daten des
Blutkomponentenverbrauchs auf individueller Basis verknüpft. Analysen können sowohl im gesamten Krankenhaus als auch in Bezug auf bestimmte Abteilungen durchgeführt werden. Die laufende Verfeinerung der Datenbankabfragen verbessert die Fähigkeit, den Blutbedarf für Standardoperationen und Interventionen korrekt abzuschätzen. Die Ergebnisse weichen zum Teil erheblich von den Schätzungen der Operateure hinsichtlich der Wahrscheinlichkeit einer Transfusion ab, oftmals wird die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer Transfusion unterschätzt. Die korrekte Einhaltung der 10-prozentigen Transfusionswahrscheinlichkeitsgrenze für die Frage der frühen präoperativen Bereitstellung von Kreuzblut kann durch solche Abfragen verbessert werden. Dem Phänomen der „verzögerten Transfusion“ entgegenzuwirken, wird zu einer immer wichtigeren Aufgabe für den klinisch tätigen transfusionsmedizinischen Arzt. Die Erstellung von Statistiken über die Transfusionswahrscheinlichkeit durch die Verknüpfung von
Data-Warehouse-Daten und Chargendokumentationsdaten aus Blutbanken kann die notwendigen Werkzeuge bereitstellen.
Neues Cover-Design, fortgesetzte Mindestmengen-Diskussion
Authors: Singer Dominique 
Published: February 2021

Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,das vorliegende Heft der Zeitschrift für Geburtshilfe und Neonatologie (ZGN) erscheint im neuen Design, mit einem graphischen Cover-Motiv, das uns übers Jahr in 6 verschiedenen Kolorierungen begleiten wird. Ein unbeabsichtigter Zufall ist es, dass just in diesem Heft eine Originalarbeit mit dem Titel „Skin color may predict intra-abdominal adhesions during repeated caesarean section deliveries“ erscheint. Die in dieser Arbeit benutzten „Fitzpatrick skin color scales“ beziehen sich übrigens, um etwaigen Missverständnissen zuvorzukommen, nicht auf die „Hautfarbe“ im Sinne der Ethnizität, sondern vielmehr auf den „Hauttyp“ und dienen ursprünglich der dermatologischen Einschätzung der UV-Empfindlichkeit (bzw. der – sich umgekehrt proportional zur Bräunungsneigung verhaltenden – Sonnenbrandgefährdung).
Fibrin glue: Novel submucosal injection agent for endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Takao Madoka , Takegawa Yoshitaka , Takao Toshitatsu , Sakaguchi Hiroya , Nakano Yoshiko , Tanaka Shinwa , Morita Yoshinori , Toyonaga Takashi , Umegaki Eiji , Kutsumi Hiromu , Kodama Yuzo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background and study aims Adequate mucosal elevation by submucosal injection is crucial for patient safety and efficiency during endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of fibrin glue (FG) as a long-lasting submucosal injection agent and to evaluate the technical feasibility of FG injection for ESD.
Materials and methods To compare the capabilities of different agents in maintaining submucosal evaluation, we injected FG, hyaluronic acid solution, and normal saline into the porcine gastric specimen that was incised into approximately 5 × 5 cm squares. Then, we measured the height of submucosal elevations over time. Moreover, three hypothetical lesions from the resected porcine stomach underwent ESD with FG injection. Thereafter, we conducted macroscopic and histopathologic analyses.
Results FG maintained the greatest submucosal elevation among all the injection agents. Three ESD procedures were performed with en bloc resection. Both macroscopic and histopathologic findings showed a thick FG clot on the ulcers.
Conclusions The FG solution can be potentially used as an ESD submucosal injection agent in an in vitro model.
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided colo-colostomy in a case of acute large bowel obstruction
Authors: Emmanuel James , Kollanthavelu Sattian , Henry Fitjerald , See Lee Tiong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBowel obstruction is one of the most common surgical emergencies and a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Standard supportive measures must be instituted as soon as the diagnosis is confirmed. Anastomotic strictures are a benign etiology of intestinal obstruction, occurring in up to 22 % of patients following colorectal resection. Traditionally, endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD) has been the intervention of choice in such cases; however, it may not be feasible in all settings. We report a novel application of the AXIOS stent and electrocautery-enhanced delivery system (Boston Scientific, Marlborough, Massachusetts, United States) to create a colo-colostomy to bypass a sigmoid colon stricture in a 51-year-old woman who presented with acute intestinal obstruction. Despite stent dislodgment during the procedure, the preexisting tract allowed us to improvise our technique with a second LAMS placement. The patient was discharged well 48 hours after the procedure. However, 4 months later, she required a session of EBD following a presentation for fecal impaction. She is currently asymptomatic and being followed up regularly as an outpatient.
Acute Ischemic Stroke in a 10-Month-Old Baby Recovered With Aspirin
Authors: Hosseini Seyed A. , Gharib Mohammad H. , Mirheidari Seyed B. , Ghanbarzade Bahar , Hosseini Parnian S. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAcute ischemic stroke is rare in children and often brings enduring and permanent morbidity in pediatric population. While there are numerous recommendations for initial treatment, evidence on effectiveness of different therapies among children is limited. Here, we describe a 10-month-old male child patient who presented with fever, restlessness, seizure and postictal left limb weakness. Examination revealed left hemiplegia and hemiparesthesia. Computed tomography (CT) head showed loss of gray–white matter distinction with diffuse hypodensity in the right temporoparietal lobes and right caudate nucleus. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain demonstrated diffusion restriction in favor of acute ischemic stroke in the right middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory. Brain MR angiography (MRA) demonstrated complete occlusion of proximal aspect of M1 segment of right MCA. Genetic testing determined a homozygous 4G/4G polymorphism of the PAI-1 gene. Antiplatelet therapy was started after diagnosis and continued for 8 days with antibiotic therapy. Stroke in children and infants is an infrequent condition associated with substantial morbidity and mortality that needs clinicians' care. This case highlights the significance of awareness about stroke in children and emphasizes on further research to compile evidence-based guidelines for acute stroke therapy in children.
Eye of the Tiger: Looking Beyond Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation Disorders
Authors: Ranganath Prajnya , Patil Mallikarjun 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe “eye-of-the-tiger” sign in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is typically associated with neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation disorders, especially pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration. However, very similar neuroimaging findings may be seen in other neurodegenerative disorders involving the basal ganglia. We report here a patient with fucosidosis who had MRI brain findings closely resembling the “eye-of-the-tiger” sign.
Heterogeneous Hadean crust with ambient mantle affinity recorded in detrital zircons of the Green Sandstone Bed, South Africa
Authors: Drabon Nadja , Byerly Benjamin L. , Byerly Gary R. , Wooden Joseph L. , Keller C. Brenhin , Lowe Donald R. 
Published: February 2021

Significance
The nature of Earth’s earliest crust is enigmatic due to the lack of a rock record for most of Earth’s first ∼600 My, the Hadean Eon. Studies have thus turned to scarce sites where Hadean detrital zircons have been discovered. The geochemistry of Hadean detrital zircon from a newly discovered site in South Africa suggests that the parental melts formed from variably hydrous melting of crust derived from the ambient mantle and show little evidence for an origin in arc-like settings. These results suggest that crust derived from ambient mantle played an important role during crust formation in the Hadean.
Elastic-instability–enabled locomotion
Authors: Nagarkar Amit , Lee Won-Kyu , Preston Daniel J. , Nemitz Markus P. , Deng Nan-Nan , Whitesides George M. , Mahadevan L. 
Published: February 2021

Significance
Soft structures and materials are easily susceptible to mechanical instabilities, which can be harnessed for function, such as controlled locomotion. Here, we show how a reversible conical buckling instability of a pneumatically actuated sheet leads to an amphibious morph-bot that can crawl on land or swim in water. Our approach enables the design of novel shape-changing robots and other bioinspired machines at multiple scales using simple constituent materials and power sources.
A de novo strategy to develop NIR precipitating fluorochrome for long-term in situ cell membrane bioimaging
Authors: Li Ke , Lyu Yifan , Huang Yan , Xu Shuai , Liu Hong-Wen , Chen Lanlan , Ren Tian-Bing , Xiong Mengyi , Huan Shuangyan , Yuan Lin , Zhang Xiao-Bing , Tan Weihong 
Published: February 2021

Significance
Long-term in situ imaging of biomolecules on the cell membrane was significant for studying the physiological processes emitted from cell signaling and cell adhesion. Thus, to develop an efficient tool to realize in situ imaging membrane-associated biomolecules, we herein proposed a de novo strategy to construct an antidiffusion probe by integrating a fluorochrome (HYPQ) characterized by strong hydrophobicity and low lipophilicity, with an enzyme substrate. Then, benefiting from the antidiffusion property of the constructed probe HYPQG, long-term in situ imaging of membrane-associated enzyme GGT was successfully realized. This work may provide an efficient strategy for constructing universal antidiffusion fluorescent probes to realize long-term in situ bioimaging.
The Srs2 helicase dampens DNA damage checkpoint by recycling RPA from chromatin
Authors: Dhingra Nalini , Kuppa Sahiti , Wei Lei , Pokhrel Nilisha , Baburyan Silva , Meng Xiangzhou , Antony Edwin , Zhao Xiaolan 
Published: February 2021

Significance
In this work, we elucidate a checkpoint dampening mechanism in yeast. Using complementary biochemical and genetic approaches, we show that the Srs2 DNA helicase removes one of the first DNA damage sensors and the associated checkpoint kinase from chromatin, thus preventing hyperactivation of the DNA damage response. We further show that this role of Srs2 is separable from its well-known function as an antirecombinase and mainly accounts for Srs2’s contribution to genotoxin resistance. Our findings also shed light into potential means to regulate the dynamic association of RPA with single-stranded DNA in other cellular contexts and stimulate studies of checkpoint dampening and RPA regulation in other organisms.
An experiment for observing quantum gravity phenomena using twin table-top 3D interferometers
Authors: Vermeulen S M , Aiello L , Ejlli A , Griffiths W L , James A L , Dooley K L , Grote H 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Theories of quantum gravity based on the holographic principle predict the existence of quantum fluctuations of distance measurements that accumulate and exhibit correlations over macroscopic distances. This paper models an expected signal due to this phenomenology, and details the design and estimated sensitivity of co-located twin table-top 3D interferometers being built to measure or constrain it. The experiment is estimated to be sensitive to displacements

∼

1

0

−
19

m
/

H
z

in a frequency band between 1 and 250 MHz, surpassing previous experiments and enabling the possible observation of quantum gravity phenomena. The experiment will also be sensitive to MHz gravitational waves and various dark matter candidates.
An acoustoelectric-induced tailorable coupled resonator surface acoustic waveguide
Authors: Taleb F , Darbari S , Khelif A , Taleb H 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Here, we introduce a tailorable coupled resonator surface acoustic waveguide (CRSAW), based on a linear defect of elliptical cylinders inside a phononic crystal of ZnO pillars on a Si substrate. The designed elliptical resonators allow the emergence of a minimally dispersive, monomode shear-guiding band inside the local resonance bandgap, owing to their partially broken structural symmetry in comparison with their previously reported counterparts such as pillars and hollow cylinders. Moreover, by introducing reconfigurable waveguide behavior, we benefit from the acoustoelectric-induced elasticity modulation of ZnO, which is a semiconducting piezoelectric material. Switching the conductivity of ZnO structures between two limiting low and high values (0.01 S m−1 and 100 S m−1), a considerable waveguide modulation at full width at half maximum (FWHM) (ΔFWHM = −21%) and guiding frequency (Δfd
= −2.81%) are achieved for the designed optimized elliptical cylinder CRSAW while maintaining an acceptable loss value. Benefiting from the proposed ZnO-based elliptical CRSAW, we have achieved simultaneous monomode and low-bandwidth surface acoustic waveguide behaviors, without involving significant fabrication complications. The designed structures open up new horizons toward the realization of promising building blocks for designing reconfigurable and miniaturized SAW RF-filters, demultiplexers, and Mach–Zehnder devices for wireless communications applications.
Filamentary superconductivity in wrinkled PtSe2
Authors: Yuan Yahua , Duan Yuxia , Wang Zhongwang , Sun Jian 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Platinum diselenide (PtSe2) is a recently discovered Dirac semi-metal, which is theoretically predicted to possess a superconducting transition at an extremely low temperature T

c
of 2 mK. However, it has not yet to be experimentally reported. We observe a filamentary superconducting transition at 2.3 K in the wrinkled PtSe2 induced by rapid thermal treatment. Certain crystalline deformation or phase transition occurs locally in PtSe2 due to the inhomogeneous strain induced during the temperature cycle, where T

c
could be significantly enhanced. The possibility of forming degraded PtSe2 or any superconducting compounds at the electric contacts during the thermal treatment is carefully ruled out. We investigate the magnetic field dependence of the superconductivity transition, i.e. the upper critical fields, and find the superconductivity in accordance with the Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer theory.