bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Usia Dan Pendidikan Terhadap Implementasi nisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD) Pada Pasien Post Sectio Caesarea
Authors: Parela Ningsih Meylina , Soesetijo FX. Ady , Rokhmah Dewi 
Published: October 2021

Early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) in post sectio caesarea patients is the process of breastfeeding the baby to his mother immediately after birth by placing the baby on the mother's chest or abdomen so that skin-to-skin contact occurs and letting the baby find the mother's nipple and then breastfeed until satisfied. The benefits of IMD are very large for mothers and babies including accelerating the production of colostrum as a baby antibody so as to prevent infection, prevent hypothermia and hypoglycemia and prevent anemia due to bleeding after delivery. IMD becomes important to be carried out both for mothers with normal labor and with the act of sectio caesarea. This study aims to determine the effect of maternal age and education on the implementation of early initiation of breastfeeding (IMD) in post sectio caesarea patients. This type of research was analytic observational with cross sectional design. Data obtained from primary data 99 respondents by filling out a questionnaire and direct observation. The research site at Bina Sehat Jember Hospital in April 2021. Data obtained from the primary data of 99 respondents by filling out questionnaires and making direct observations. Data analysis used is bivariate analysis using SPSS statistical data processing tool. The results of the instrument test show that all variables were valid and reliable as a data collection tool. The results of data analysis showed that: 1) Age had no significant effect on the implementation of IMD in post sectio caesarea patients (p = 0.769) because the indication for delivery by sectio caesarea was not carried out in patients with high risk age, but also in productive age. 2) Education had no significant effect on the implementation of IMD in post sectio caesarea patients (p = 0.284) Because knowledge about the importance of early breastfeeding initiation and how to do it is not obtained during formal education but from non-formal education and other educational media, so that other educational media are needed in order to support the implementation of IMD, especially in post sectio cesarea patients. Keywords: Early Initiation Breastfeeding, Education, Sectio Caesarea, Age
Studi Sanitasi RSU “ Dr. Koesnadi ” Kabupaten Bondowoso
Authors: Ahmadi,S.KM Haris , Ma’rufi. S.KM., M.Kes. Dr. Isa 
Published: October 2021

The quality of the Hospital Environment (RS) that is good in terms of physical, biological, chemical, and social will make it a place of health services that can guarantee the maintenance and improvement of the health status of the community. Hospitals are places where there is close contact between humans (visitors, patients, and the community) with the surrounding environment, then the hospital must comply with the sanitation quality standards that have been regulated in the applicable law. Hospital health worthiness is carried out to prevent things that can cause problems in decreasing the quality of sanitation and the quality condition of hospital sanitation facilities, such as waste, clean water media, drinking water, food, air media, infrastructure and building quality as well as vectors/animals carrying disease. resulting in the transmission of disease in the hospital itself. The purpose of the study was to find out the description of the hospital's health-worthy quality which was determined through the achievement of standard environmental quality standards and fulfilled other health requirements at the "Dr. Koesnadi” Hospital Bondowoso. This type of research is classified as descriptive evaluative, namely wanting to obtain an explanation of the sanitary conditions in the hospital. The research subject is “dr. Koesnadi” Hospital Bondowoso and his environment in accordance with the reference to the use of the Hospital Environmental Health Inspection Form (IKL) in accordance with the Minister of Health Regulation No. 007/Menkes/Per/II/2019. The results of the research, in general the results of environmental supervision and inspection are very good (total score of 8,840) but still need improvement on variables, especially air health media on aspects of lighting quality standards and certain spaces, ready food health in the certificate process. Healthy Catering Services Category B and measuring vector density numbers, especially those that are still being carried out so that it will affect vector control activities. Keywords: Hospital, environmental quality, hospital category
Morfología dental y cénit gingival en adolescentes en la región Junin
Authors: García Sixto , Torres Adriana , Baltodano Aylín 
Published: October 2021

La estética en la odontología ha cobrado mayor importancia, se han desarrollado diversos estudios antropométricos sobre estética, pero éstos se desarrollaron en poblaciones caucásicas. Objetivo: determinar la relación del cénit gingival y la morfología dentaria de las piezas dentales superiores del sector anterior en adolescentes peruanos. Material y Métodos: El estudio fue de tipo descriptivo, correlacional y transversal. La muestra fue de tipo probabilístico por conveniencia, y estuvo conformado por 92 adolescentes en la región Junín, Perú. Cada modelo fue analizado y se registró la morfología dental, la posición del cénit gingival y la distancia del cénit gingival al eje longitudinal de pieza dentaria. Resultados: Se obtuvo que la media de la ubicación del cénit gingival para el incisivo central superior era 72,8% hacia distal (0,54 mm), en cambio el incisivo lateral (59,2%) y canino (50,5%) estaban en la misma posición que el eje longitudinal del diente. Con respecto al tipo de forma dental, la forma oval se halló en el 71,2% de los incisivos centrales, en el 67,9% de los incisivos laterales y en el 73,9% de los caninos. Se concluyó que la ubicación del cénit gingival en los incisivos centrales superiores se hallaba hacia distal en relación al eje longitudinal, con una distancia promedio de 0,54 mm, en cambio en los incisivos laterales y caninos superiores su cénit gingival se hallaba en el eje longitudinal del diente. Con respecto a la morfología dentaria la forma oval fue la más predominante. Conclusiones: Existe una migración hacia distal de los cénits gingivales en los incisivos centrales, pero no en los incisivos laterales o caninos superiores.
A Comprehensive Review and Status of Renewable Resources and Oil & Gas Under the Supply and Demand Dynamics in the World
Authors: Canbaz Celal Hakan , Aydin Hakki , Canbaz Ezgi , Akberov Ismayil , Aksahan Firat , Hussain Athar , Emadi Hossein , Temizel Cenk 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
As major oil and gas companies have been investing in renewable energy, renewable energy has been part of the oil and gas industry in the last decade. Originally, renewables were seen as a competing form of energy source as a threat that may replace or decrease the share of fossil fuels as an alternative energy resource in the US and developed countries. However, oil and gas industry has adapted to the wind of change and has started investing and utilizing the renewable sources of energy significantly. In this perspective, this study investigates and outlines the latest advances, technologies, potential of renewables both as an alternative and a complementary source of energy in the world n the current supply and demand dynamics of oil and gas resources.
A comprehensive literature review focusing on the recent developments and findings in the renewable resources along with the availability of the renewable energy and locations are outlined and discussed under the current dynamics of the oil and gas market and resources. Literature review includes a broad spectrum that spans from technical petroleum literature with very comprehensive research using SCOPUS database to non-technical but renowned resources including journals and other publications including raw data as well as forecasts and opinions of respected experts. The raw data and expert opinions are organized, summarized and outlined in a temporal way within its category for the respective energy source.
Not only the facts and information are outlined for the individual type of energy resource but also the relationship between the forms of energy resources are discussed from a perspective of their roles either as a competing or a complementary source to oil and gas. In this sense, this study goes beyond only providing raw data or facts about the energy resources but also a thorough publication that provides the oil and gas industry professional with a clear image of the past, present and the expected near future of the oil and gas industry as it stands with respect to renewable energy resources.
Among the few existing studies that shed light on the current status of the oil and gas industry facing the development of the renewable energy are up-to-date and the existing studies within SPE domain focus on facts only lacking the interrelationship between the individual form of renewable energy and oil and gas such as solar energy used in oil and gas fields as a complementary renewable energy.
The Key Factors of Low-Frequency Electric Heating Assisted Depressurization Method in the Exploiting of Methane Hydrate Sediments
Authors: Zhao Ermeng , Hou Jian , Ji Yunkai , Liu Lu , Liu Yongge , Bai Yajie 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Natural gas hydrate is widely distributed in the permafrost and marine deposits, and is regarded as an energy resource with great potential. The low-frequency electric heating assisted depressurization (LF-EHAD) has been proven to be an efficient method for exploiting hydrate sediments, which involves complex multi-physics processes, i.e. current conduction, multiphase flow, chemical reaction and heat transfer. The physical properties vary greatly in different hydrate sediments, which may profoundly affect the hydrate decomposition in the LF-EHAD process.
In order to evaluate the influence of hydrate-bearing sediment properties on the gas production behavior and energy utilization efficiency of the LF-EHAD method, a geological model was first established based on the data of hydrate sediments in the Shenhu Area. Then, the influence of permeability, porosity, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, hydrate saturation and hydrate-bearing layer (HBL) thickness on gas production behavior is comprehensively analyzed by numerical simulation method. Finally, the energy efficiency ratio under different sediment properties is compared.
Results indicate that higher gas production is obtained in the high-permeability hydrate sediments during depressurization. However, after the electric heating is implemented, the gas production first increases and then tends to be insensitive as the permeability decreases. With the increasing of porosity, the gas production during depressurization decreases due to the low effective permeability; while in the electric heating stage, this effect is reversed. High thermal conductivity is beneficial to enhance the heat conduction, thus promoting the hydrate decomposition. During depressurization, the gas production is enhanced with the increase of specific heat capacity. However, more heat is consumed to increase the reservoir temperature during electric heating, thereby reducing the gas production. High hydrate saturation is not conducive to depressurization because of the low effective permeability. After electric heating, the gas production increases significantly. High HBL thickness results in a higher gas production during depressurization, while in the electric heating stage, the gas production first increases and then remains unchanged with the increase of thickness, due to the limited heat supply. The comparison results of energy efficiency suggest that electric heating is more advantageous for hydrate sediments with low permeability, high porosity, high thermal conductivity, low specific heat capacity, high hydrate saturation and high HBL thickness. The findings in this work can provide a useful reference for evaluating the application of the LF-EHAD method in gas hydrate sediments.
The Application of Petroleum Geochemical Methods to Production Allocation of Commingled Fluids
Authors: Patience Richard , Bastow Mark , Fowler Martin , Moore Julian , Barrie Craig 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Production allocation from petroleum geochemistry is defined here as the quantitative determination of the amount or portion of a commingled fluid to be assigned to two or more individual fluid sources (e.g., a pipeline, field, reservoir, well) at a particular moment in time, based on the fluid chemistry. It requires: i) knowledge of the original chemical compositions of each of the fluids prior to mixing (referred to here as the "end members"), and ii) that statistically valid differences in their chemistries can be identified. Petroleum geochemical-based methods for production monitoring and allocation are much lower cost than using production logging tools, as there is no additional rig time or extra personnel required at the well site. Additionally, no intervention to the production of hydrocarbons from a well is required and, hence, there is none of the risk entailed in additional operational activity. Geochemical methods are applicable to a wide range of fields, irrespective of pressure, temperature, reservoir quality and reservoir fluid type. The method has been in existence for over 30 years, during which time a number of different analytical methods, data pre-processing and treatment approaches have been applied. This paper summarises these approaches, and provides examples, but also describes a "best practice" which is not a "one size fits all" approach, as is sometimes seen in the literature. A successful production allocation study consists of the following steps: i) Selection of end member samples that contribute to the commingled production fluid; ii) Determination of the differences in chemical composition of the end members through laboratory analysis of the end members (e.g. by WO-GC), replicate analyses of samples and statistical treatment of the data (e.g. PCA); iii) If statistically significant differences exist, laboratory analysis of the end members and commingled fluids with appropriate replicate analyses of samples; iv) Data selection, pre-processing (e.g. selection of ratios or concentrations of components); v) Determination of end member contributions by solving equations (e.g. least squares best fit) and uncertainty estimation (e.g. Monte Carlo or Bootstrap methods). The differences in approach for conventional versus unconventional plays are also discussed.
Optimization Approach for Determination of the Dosage of Diversion Agents in Temporarily Plugging Fracturing of Shale Using 3D Printing Fractures
Authors: Wang Meng , Che Mingguang , Wang Guangyao , Wang Yonghui , Zhu Guangyou 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Application of diversion agents in temporarily plugging fracturing of horizontal wells of shale has becoming more and more popular. Nevertheless, the studies on determining the diverter dosage are below adequacy. A novel approach based on laboratory experiments, logging data, rock mechanics tests and fracture simulation was proposed to optimizing the dosage of diversion agents. The optimization model is based on the classic Darcy Law. A pair of 3D-printed rock plates with rugged faces was combined to simulate the coarse hydraulic fractures with the width of 2.0 ~ 7.0 mm. The mixture of the diversion agents and slickwater was dynamically injected to the simulated fracture in Temco fracture conductivity system to mimic the practical treatment of temporarily plugging fracturing. The permeability of the temporary plugging zone in the 3D-printed fractures was measured in order to optimize the dosage of the selected diversion agents. The value of Pnet (also the value of ΔP in Darcy Formula) required for creation of new branched fractures was determined using the Warpinski-Teufel Failure Rules. The hydraulic fractures of target stages were simulated to obtain the widths and heights. The experimental results proved that the selected suite of the diversion agents can temporarily plug the 3D-printed fractures of 2.0 ~ 7.0 mm with blocking pressure up to 15 MPa. The measured permeability of the resulting plugging zones was 0.724 ~ 0.933 D (averaging 0.837 D). The value of Pnet required for creation of branched fractures in shale of WY area (main shale gas payzone of China) was determined as 0.4 ~ 15.6 MPa (averaging 7.9 MPa) which means the natural fractures and/or weak planes with approaching angle less than 70o could be opened to increase the SRV. The typical dosage of the diversion agents used for one stage of the horizontal wells was calculated as 232 ~ 310 kg. The optimization method was applied to the design job of temporarily plugging fracturing of two shale gas wells. The observed surface pressure rise after injection of diversion agents was 0.6 ~ 11.7 MPa (averaging 4.7 MPa) and the monitored microseismic events of the test stages were 37% more than those of the offset stages.
Classification and Localization of Low-Frequency DAS Strain Rate Patterns with Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Chen Mengyuan , Tang Jin , Zhu Ding , Daniel Hill Alfred 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) has been used in the oil and gas industry as an advanced technology for surveillance and diagnostics. Operators use DAS to monitor hydraulic fracturing activities, to examine well stimulation efficacy, and to estimate complex fracture system geometries. Particularly, low-frequency DAS can detect geomechanical events such as fracture-hits as hydraulic fractures propagate and create strain rate variations. Analysis of DAS data today is mostly done post-job and subject to interpretation methods. However, the continuous and dense data stream generated live by DAS offers the opportunity for more efficient and accurate real-time data-driven analysis. The objective of this study is to develop a machine learning-based workflow that can identify and locate fracture-hit events in simulated strain rate response that is correlated with low-frequency DAS data. In this paper, "fracture-hit" refers to a hydraulic fracture originated from a stimulated well intersecting an offset well. We start with building a single fracture propagation model to produce strain rate patterns observed at a hypothetical monitoring well. This model is then used to generate two sets of strain rate responses with one set containing fracture-hit events. The labeled synthetic data are then used to train a custom convolutional neural network (CNN) model for identifying the presence of fracture-hit events. The same model is trained again for locating the event with the output layer of the model replaced with linear units. We achieved near-perfect predictions for both event classification and localization. These promising results prove the feasibility of using CNN for real-time event detection from fiber optic sensing data. Additionally, we used image analysis techniques, including edge detection, for recognizing fracture-hit event patterns in strain rate images. The accuracy is also plausible, but edge detection is more dependent on image quality, hence less robust compared to CNN models. This comparison further supports the need for CNN applications in image-based real-time fiber optic sensing event detection.
Advanced Fracturing Design Simulator-Assisted Modeling Coupled with Application of Enhanced Stimulation Fluids Raises Performance of Acid Fractured Wells
Authors: Kalabayev Ruslan , Abdrazakov Dmitriy , Juldugulov Yeltay , Stepanov Vladimir , Emelyanov Denis , Romanovskii Rostislav , Kinnear Campbell 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Important factors affecting acid fracturing efficiency include etched fracture geometry, cleanup, and optimum differential etching to retain open channels after fracture closure. A recently applied integrated approach combined improvements in all three factors: new fracture simulation techniques enabled fracture geometry optimization, single-phase retarded acid provided significant increase in half-length, and high retained permeability viscous fluids supported better fracture cleanup. The approach was successfully implemented in several carbonate oil fields and resulted in a substantial productivity index increase.
The approach enables acid fracture optimization in three steps. First, the high retained permeability, low-pH pad fluids and polymer-free leakoff control acids are used in combination to enhance formation cleanup after a treatment and to reduce the concentration of polymers in fissures network of naturally fractured carbonate reservoirs. Second, a new single-phase retarded acid is used to achieve longer half-length due to retarded reaction with formation rock and favorable viscous fingering effects. Third, a new acid fracturing simulation model is used to optimize fracture geometry. The simulation technique employs an innovative transport model that includes the viscous fingering effect, advanced leakoff simulation, changing acid rheology upon spending, and a novel calculation approach to mixed fluids' rheology.
This combined concept was applied during acid fracturing treatments in moderate permeability wells of carbonate reservoirs with target intervals up to 4,600 m TVD and temperatures up to 125°C. The treatments consisted of guar-free low-pH pad fluid, polymer-free leakoff control acid, and single-phase retarded acid. Treatment optimization was performed using an advanced acid fracturing simulator to properly address the transport processes within the fracture in a low-stress-contrast environment. After the treatments, the pressure transient analysis indicated a strong linear regime for more than 15 hours, indicating effective fracture half-length at least 25% higher than average half-length after acid fracturing in offset wells where the conventional approach had been applied. Post-treatment half-length calculations showed a good match with advanced simulator results and proved the importance of accounting for viscous fingering effects during acid fracture half-length calculations. Calculation of the productivity index from the production data showed at least 15% increase compared to conventional acid fracturing treatments. The post-fracturing production decline rate was at least 20% slower than that of the conventional treatment in offset wells, which can be explained by the longer conductive fracture.