bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rampant Caries in Stunted Children Aged 2-5 Years
Authors: Nurwati Bunga , Isnawati Isnawati , Nuryati Sri 
Published: February 2025

The prevalence of stunting among children under five in the working area of Puskesmas (Community Health Centers) Karang Intan 2, based on data from the Banjar District Health Office in October 2022, was recorded at 506 cases. Dental and oral health issues, particularly dental caries, are among the most common health problems globally, affecting nearly half of the world's population or approximately 3.58 billion people. According to the 2018 Basic Health Research, dental caries, including decayed or damaged teeth, accounted for 45.3% of dental problems in Indonesia. This study aims to investigate rampant caries among stunted children aged 2–5 years in Pulau Nyiur Village, Karang Intan Subdistrict, Banjar District, South Kalimantan. The study employed a descriptive research design with a total sampling technique, involving 50 children aged 2–5 years attending the Posyandu within the working area of Puskesmas Karang Intan 2. The results revealed that male children outnumbered females in the sample. Among the participants, 36 children (72%) were stunted, while 14 children (28%) were not. The most common type of rampant caries was Type 3, affecting 15 children (31%), followed by Type 4 with 14 children (27%), Type 1 with 13 children (26%), and Type 2 as the least common, affecting 8 children (16%). It can be concluded that stunted children aged 2–5 years in Pulau Nyiur Village have a significant prevalence of rampant caries, with Type 3 being the most frequently observed. Additionally, the majority of stunted children in this study were male. These findings highlight the need for integrated interventions addressing both nutritional and dental health to reduce the prevalence of stunting and caries among young children.
The Uncanny Valley Phenomenon: Where Is the Categorical Boundary Between Categorization Difficulty and Categorization Failure?
Authors: Yamada Yuki , Sasaki Kyoshiro 
Published: February 2025

The uncanny valley phenomenon has been widely discussed in relation to human-like entities, but some studies suggest it also applies to inanimate stimuli. Recently, Sasaki et al.[1] used abstract figures as stimuli and argued that categorization failure, rather than difficulty, underlies the uncanny valley phenomenon. While we appreciate their interesting proposal, we clarify that categorization difficulty and failure are not mutually exclusive accounts. We critically examine the findings of Sasaki et al.[1], questioning the lack of direct evidence for categorization failure and their reliance on non-significant results. Furthermore, we propose that the (difficulty-originated) "stranger-avoidance" hypothesis remains a viable alternative, suggesting that categorization difficulty leads to negative responses. Future research should integrate these perspectives to achieve a more comprehensive understanding. Our commentary highlights the need for collaboration and theoretical refinement in uncanny valley research.
Research of influence of hormonal status on productive qualities of bulls of Hereford cattle breed
Authors: Mironova I. V. , Zavyalov О. A. , Frolov A. N. , Slinkin A. A. 
Published: February 2025

Improvement of productive qualities of beef cattle is an important direction of livestock breeding development in the Russian Federation. The hormonal status of farm animals plays an important role in the development of their productive and reproductive qualities.The present study provides data on productive qualities of Hereford cattle steers depending on their hormonal status. To assess the hormonal status of animals, their hair can be used. The content of estradiol in hair allowed to divide animals into groups, different in concentration of this hormone and to give an estimation of productive qualities of bulls in the context of such division. Each group of animals was closely monitored. Live weight and its average daily gain were controlled. It was found that the growth rate of live weight of steers was higher in groups with high reference values of hormone content in hair. After slaughtering the morphological and chemical composition of carcasses of experimental animals was determined. On the basis of multivariate analysis the informativeness of hair as a biosubstrate for estimation of hormonal status of beef steers was determined.
Molecular epidemiology of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates in Russia, 2015–2023: current trends and forecasting
Authors: Kandinov Ilya , Shaskolskiy Boris , Kravtsov Dmitry , Larkin Anatoliy , Kubanov Alexei , Shpilevaya Marina , Shagabieva Julia , Nosov Nikita , Gryadunov Dmitry 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThe emergence of multidrug resistance in N. gonorrhoeae is a serious global problem, and gonorrhea may soon become an incurable disease. The aim of the study was to characterize the N. gonorrhoeae population in Russia from 2015 to 2023 and predict the potential spread of the most concerning clones.MethodsA total of 996 N. gonorrhoeae isolates were examined during the analyzed period. Ceftriaxone and azithromycin susceptibility testing were performed using the agar dilution method. Microarray-based assays and sequencing were employed to identify the genotypes and genetic markers of antimicrobial resistance.ResultsNo ceftriaxone-resistant isolates were found in Russia, however, the number of isolates with reduced susceptibility to ceftriaxone has increased to 22.6% in recent years. Since 2020, approximately 12.5% of isolates have exhibited resistance to azithromycin annually. Two clusters of isolates pose a particular threat to Russia: NG-MAST G2212, linked to MLST 1901/1902, carries a mosaic structure in the penA gene; G12302, linked to MLST 9363, contains mosaic alleles in the mtrR and mtrD genes. Additionally, two new high-risk genogroups were characterized: G18898 and G16206. Both are associated with MLST 10314 and harbor mosaic variants of penA or mtrR/mtrD. Analysis of time series data suggests that isolates with mosaic alleles are unlikely to be eradicated from the population in the near future, potentially worsening the epidemiological situation of gonorrhea in Russia.ConclusionsThe native genetic strains of N. gonorrhoeae in Russia, which are susceptible to cephalosporins and macrolides, are being progressively replaced by globally dominant lineages. To further characterize this epidemiologic shift, ongoing surveillance strategies using molecular epidemiology and the identification of genetic markers will be crucial in curbing the growth and spread of N. gonorrhoeae resistance. Such efforts are vital in ensuring the availability of effective treatments for gonococcal infection.
Difference analysis of shale gas-bearing property —a case study of the shale within lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation on the margin of palaeouplift
Authors: Ge Mingna , Bao Shujing , Wang Yufang , Li Haohan , Wang Ting , Liang Hongbo 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionShale gas has become an important field for increasing oil and gas reserves and production in China. The breakthrough of Cambrian shale gas in Sichuan Basin provides guidance for the exploration of shale gas in southern China. However, the Niutitang Formation shale on the periphery of Sichuan Basin exhibits multiple depositional subfacies and complex structural styles, and the factors of gas diversity are not clear.MethodsBy the methods of organic geochemistry experiment, reservoir physical property test and gas content test, combined with the hydrocarbon generation history and structural evolution history data, the gas content difference is analyzed of Hannan palaeouplift, Shennongjia palaeouplift, Huangling palaeouplift and Xuefengshan palaeouplift.ResultsThe organic matter type of Niutitang Formation shale is mainly type I, the average organic carbon content is 1.50%–3.56%, the average Ro is 2.37%–3.90%, the brittle minerals are mainly quartz that the content is 28%–53%, and the average porosity is 0.51%–3.34%. The pores contain organic pores, inorganic pores and micro-fractures, and the fractures are mostly filled with calcite. Gas content 0.13m³/t–4.19m³/t. Through comparative analysis of main controlling factors affecting gas content of shale, the causes of gas diversity of Niutitang Formation shale are identified.Discussion(1) the differences in preservation conditions caused by structural strength, fracture development degree and the coupling relationship with tectonic fractures are the key factors restricting the gas content of shale. (2) Early deep burial time, long deep burial time and fast deep burial are the key factors that cause the difference of thermal evolution degree of shale. (3) The difference of hydrocarbon generation potential caused by sedimentary subfacies in the same facies zone is an important factor restricting the gas generation capacity of shale. (4) The areas with the lower Plate of thrust nappe, the degree of thermal evolution is less than 3.0%, and the deepwater facies of trough are favorable directions for further exploration. This study will provides reference significance for shale gas exploration of Cambrian Niutitang Formation in the complex structural area periphery of Sichuan Basin in south China.
Watershed land use decreases the nitrogen limitation of benthic algal growth in coastal wetlands of a large oligotrophic lake
Authors: Cooper Matthew J. , Wheeler Michele C. 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionIdentifying patterns in the primary limiting nutrients of basal trophic levels such as benthic algae can inform the prediction of potential ecological responses to anthropogenic nutrient loading. In coastal wetlands of the Laurentian Great Lakes, reduced concentrations of reactive nitrogen species such as ammonium and nitrate may limit algal growth, especially when nutrient loading is minimal. However, the response of benthic algae to macronutrient inputs remains understudied, especially in Lake Superior coastal wetlands.MethodsWe conducted nutrient amendment assays using nutrient diffusing substrate devices in 25 coastal wetlands along the southwestern shore of Lake Superior in the spring, summer, and fall. These assays allowed us to investigate seasonal and regional variation in nutrient limitation status and the relationship between nutrient limitation, in situ water quality (dissolved and total nitrogen and phosphorus, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, specific conductivity, and total suspended solids), and watershed land use.ResultsWe found that nitrogen limitation was common, particularly during summer, with 60% of wetlands exhibiting this condition, while phosphorus limitation was not observed in any wetland during any season. The strongest N limitation was found in wetlands of the Apostle Islands National Lakeshore where watershed land cover was almost entirely natural. Wetlands with more developed watersheds, including those of the St. Louis River Estuary, had a lower degree of N limitation (p = 0.003). Nitrogen limitation was observed in spring, summer, and fall, but was most pronounced in the summer.DiscussionThese findings suggest that N limitation predominates in these Lake Superior coastal wetlands, contrasting with the well-documented phosphorus limitation of the lake's pelagic zone. Our study also highlights the potential for anthropogenic N loading to stimulate excessive benthic algal growth in Lake Superior coastal wetlands, particularly in more developed regions. These findings are consistent with those for coastal wetlands in other regions of the Great Lakes and support the need for continued monitoring and targeted mitigation of both nitrogen and phosphorus loading to shoreline habitats of large lakes.
Visual analysis of emerging topics and trends in contrast agent extravasation research in medical imaging: a bibliometric study using CiteSpace and VOSviewer
Authors: Liu Yun , Dong Yonghai , Zhou Wenfang , Yu Juhong 
Published: February 2025

PurposeThis study presents a visualization of the global research dynamics on contrast agent extravasation in medical imaging using a knowledge map, revealing the research directions, emerging topics, trends, and frontiers in this field.MethodUsing CiteSpace and VOSviewer software with the Web of Science Core Collection database as the data source, a bibliometric analysis was conducted on relevant studies of contrast agent extravasation in medical imaging examinations. Analysis was performed on aspects such as yearly publication volume, country/institution distribution, authorship, co-citation documents, and keywords, leading to the creation of visualizations.ResultsA total of 4,635 articles were included in the study, with the first relevant research report appearing in 1950. The yearly publication and citation volumes have shown an overall increasing trend over the years. Research in this field was predominantly concentrated in the United States, accounting for approximately one-third of the global publication output. The University of California System was the top institution in terms of publication volume. The top five high-frequency keywords were “magnetic resonance imaging,” “computed tomography,” “management,” “diagnosis,” and “contrast agent.” Cluster analysis of keywords revealed three main clusters: “contrast,” “fluorescein angiography,” and “focused ultrasound,” showing good continuity over time. The keyword burst analysis identified that “gd dtpa” had the highest burst value of 20.51. The emergence of keywords shifted over time. At present, the keywords that are still emerging are “multimodal imaging,” “case report,” and “leakage.”ConclusionMore scholars are dedicating efforts to research on contrast agent extravasation in medical imaging. “Multimodal imaging” will be a key research focus in the foreseeable future. Contrast agent extravasation remains a substantial challenge with high research value in medical imaging.
Clinical characteristics and surgical treatment comparison of multisegmental spinal tuberculosis: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Yang Zongqiang , Gu Zhangui , Liu Qiang , Ma Long , Fei Le , Niu Ningkui , Shi Jiandang 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundTo analyze the therapeutic efficacy of intervertebral surgery in the treatment of multisegmental spinal tuberculosis (MSTB) by evaluating its clinical outcomes and perioperative indicators, thereby providing evidence-based insights to optimize surgical strategies and improve clinical decision-making.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study analyzed 134 MSTB patients treated at our hospital between January 2000 and June 2022. Based on the surgical approach, patients were divided into two groups: Group A (n = 75), who underwent intervertebral surgery, and Group B (n = 59), who received non-intervertebral surgery. All patients underwent radical debridement, bone graft fusion, spinal canal decompression, and internal fixation to restore spinal alignment. To compare the clinical outcomes of these two surgical approaches, we assessed perioperative parameters, radiographic outcomes, laboratory inflammatory markers, neurological recovery, and complication rates. Statistical analyses included t-tests or Mann–Whitney U tests for continuous variables and chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests for categorical variables.ResultsThe mean follow-up duration was 63.24 ± 9.16 months for Group A and 64.05 ± 9.74 months for Group B. Group A demonstrated significantly shorter operative time and reduced intraoperative blood loss compared to Group B (p &lt; 0.05). No significant differences were observed between the groups regarding preoperative, 6-month postoperative, and final follow-up values of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, Cobb angle, or visual analog scale (VAS) scores (p &gt; 0.05). Bone fusion rates were comparable between the two groups at 6 months, 1 year postoperatively, and at final follow-up, with complete fusion achieved in all patients (p &gt; 0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications and neurological recovery rates did not differ significantly between the two groups (p &gt; 0.05).ConclusionBoth intervertebral and non-intervertebral surgical strategies for MSTB can effectively restore spinal alignment and achieve satisfactory neurological recovery, provided that strict surgical indications are adhered to. Intervertebral surgery, with its shorter operative time and lower intraoperative blood loss, may offer additional perioperative advantages and serve as a viable option for MSTB management.
Efficacy and safety profile of biotechnological agents and Janus kinase inhibitors in VEXAS syndrome: data from the international AIDA Network VEXAS registry
Authors: Vitale Antonio , Caggiano Valeria , Leone Flavia , Hinojosa-Azaola Andrea , Martín-Nares Eduardo , Guaracha-Basañez Guillermo Arturo , Torres-Ruiz Jiram , Kawakami-Campos Perla Ayumi , Hissaria Pravin , Callisto Alicia , Beecher Mark , Dagna Lorenzo , Campochiaro Corrado , Tomelleri Alessandro , Frassi Micol , Franceschini Franco , Crisafulli Francesca , Hernández-Rodríguez José , Gómez-Caverzaschi Verónica , Araújo Olga , Sfriso Paolo , Bindoli Sara , Baggio Chiara , Sota Jurgen , Tufan Abdurrahman , Kucuk Hamit , Piga Matteo , Cauli Alberto , D’Agostino Maria Antonietta , De Paulis Amato , Mormile Ilaria , Giardini Henrique A. Mayrink , Cordeiro Rafael Alves , Lopalco Giuseppe , Iannone Florenzo , Monti Sara , Montecucco Carlomaurizio , Ruiz-Irastorza Guillermo , Soto-Peleteiro Adriana , Triggianese Paola , Gurnari Carmelo , Viapiana Ombretta , Bixio Riccardo , Vitetta Rosetta , Rovera Guido , Conticini Edoardo , La Torre Francesco , Portincasa Piero , Jaber Nour , Ragab Gaafar , Maher Amina , Batu Ezgi Deniz , Ozen Seza , Wiesik-Szewczyk Ewa , de-la-Torre Alejandra , Balistreri Alberto , Frediani Bruno , Fabiani Claudia , Cantarini Luca 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundVEXAS syndrome, a recently identified systemic autoinflammatory disorder, poses new diagnostic and management challenges. Based on experience with other autoinflammatory diseases, anti-interleukin (IL)-1, anti-IL-6, anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) biotechnological agents, and Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis) have been widely employed in VEXAS patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the global effectiveness and safety of biotechnological agents and JAKis using data from the real-world context.MethodsClinical, laboratory, and therapeutic data from VEXAS patients were obtained from the international AIDA Network VEXAS registry.ResultsIn total, 69 VEXAS patients were enrolled in the study. Among them, 12 patients (13 treatment courses) received IL-1 inhibitors, 12 patients (13 treatment courses) were administered anti-IL-6 agents, 8 patients (9 treatment courses) were treated with anti-TNF agents, and 16 patients (17 treatment courses) were treated with JAKis. A complete response was observed in 3 patients (23%) treated with anti-IL-1 agents, 2 patients (15%) receiving IL-6 inhibitors, 1 patient (11%) receiving TNF inhibitors, and 4 patients (23.5%) treated with JAKis. The mean prednisone (or equivalent) dosage significantly decreased during anti-IL-1 treatment (p = 0.01), while glucocorticoids changed during anti-IL-6, anti-TNF, and JAKi treatment in a non-significant fashion. A total of 21 patients experienced adverse events, 3 of which led to death (gut perforation, Legionnaires’ disease, and infectious pneumonia) while on JAKis; treatment withdrawal was required for 8 out of 21 patients.ConclusionIL-1 and IL-6 inhibitors, along with JAKis, represent promising therapeutic options for VEXAS patients, albeit careful monitoring is mandatory to control disease activity and ensure safety.
Add-on effects of total glucosides of paeony on conventional therapies for psoriasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Li Ziqing , Lu Jie , Guan Kewen , Liang Haiwen , Lu Chuanjian , Yu Jingjie 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundPsoriasis is an inflammatory and recurrent dermatological disease that is associated with multiple comorbidities. Conventional psoriasis therapies such as acitretin capsule and narrow-band ultraviolet B radiation (NB-UVB) are prone to decreased efficacy and adverse events in long-term application. Total glucosides of paeony (TGP), a plant extract from Radix Paeoniae Alba, are commonly used in conjunction with conventional therapies for psoriasis. This study aims to elucidate the add-on effect of TGP on conventional therapies in the treatment of psoriasis.MethodsSeven databases were searched from their inception to March 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using TGP in conjunction with conventional therapies for psoriasis were included. The Risk of Bias 2.0 (RoB 2.0) tool was used to assess bias risk, and data analysis was conducted using RevMan V.5.4. Evaluation outcomes mainly involved a 60% or greater reduction of Psoriasis Area and Severity Index score (PASI 60) and a 50% or greater reduction of Psoriasis Area and Severity Index score (PASI 50).ResultsThis meta-analysis ultimately included 36 RCTs with 3,140 participants. The findings indicated that TGP combined with conventional therapies were superior to conventional therapies used alone on PASI 60 (RR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.25 to 1.39, P &lt; 0.00001) and PASI 50 (RR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.13 to 1.84, P = 0.004). Several types of conventional therapies were prone to PASI 60 response when combined with TGP than conventional therapies using alone, such as oral medication (RR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.14, to 1.71, P = 0.001), topical medication (RR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.24 to 1.74, P &lt; 0.00001), and NB-UVB (RR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.16 to 1.43, P &lt; 0.00001). Furthermore, the results suggested that TGP might reduce the incidence of adverse events occurred by conventional therapies for psoriasis.ConclusionThis meta-analysis demonstrated the preliminary clinical evidence supporting the addition of TGP to conventional therapies in treating psoriasis. Owing to the limited methodological quality of the included studies, well-designed RCTs are required to further illustrate the add-on effect of TGP on conventional therapies for psoriasis.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=439904, identifier CRD42023439904.