bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endovascular Parent Artery Occlusion for Intracranial Aneurysms is a Viable, Cost-Effective Alternative: An Institutional Experience from Northeast India
Authors: Phukan Pranjal , Sarma Kalyan , Lynser Donboklang , Sharma Barun Kumar , Baruah Deb Kumar , Saikia Bishwajit , Singh Binoy Kumar 
Published: August 2021

Purpose. Endovascular parent artery occlusion (PAO) may be an alternative approach for complex intracranial aneurysm with potentially life-threatening complications. Moreover, the long-term follow-up of the PAO for an intracranial aneurysm is reported sparingly, limited to the case series. It is therefore important to carry out more research on long-term follow-up of the implication of PAO of intracranial aneurysm. The aim of the study was to analyses our experience of PAO for intracranial aneurysms with emphasis on long-term follow-up.Materials and Methods. The data of patients treated with PAO for intracranial aneurysms were reviewed. The outcome was evaluated based on aneurysmal occlusion on immediate angiography, follow-up magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), and complications. The modified Rankin score (mRS) was used to evaluate the functional outcome during the last follow-up. The mean, range, and standard deviation were reported for other variables – the patient’s age, number, and percentage.Results. Endovascular treatment was performed in 178 patients including PAO in 18 patients. Of these 18 (eighteen) patients, there were 13 dissecting aneurysms, 4 mycotic aneurysms, and one traumatic aneurysm.10 (ten) patients underwent PAO for proximal intracranial artery aneurysm and 8 (eight) patients for distal cerebral aneurysms. Complete occlusion of the aneurysm was achieved in 16patients (88.89%) and retrograde filling of the aneurysm was seen in 2 (11.11%) patients. One patient had intraprocedural coil migration resulting in a major infarct with an mRS of 2. Another patient (5.56%) had recanalization of the aneurysm and presented with rupture and intracranial hemorrhage with an mRS score of 4. The mRS of the other 16 patients (88.89%) was zero.Conclusions. Endovascular PAO for cerebral aneurysms was highly feasible and achieved complete occlusion. The morbidity and mortality rates were at the long-term follow-up also acceptable with negligible complications.
Risk Assessment for Postoperative Pneumonia in Children Living With Neurologic Impairments
Authors: Mpody Christian , Hayes Seth , Rusin Nathan , Tobias Joseph D. , Nafiu Olubukola O. 
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND
Approximately one-third of all pediatric hospital charges are attributable to the care for children living with neurologic comorbidities. These children often require various surgical procedures and may have an elevated risk of lower respiratory infections because of poor neuromuscular coordination, poor cough, uncoordinated swallowing, and poor oral hygiene. Our objective was to evaluate the risk of pneumonia in children presenting with neurologic comorbidities.

METHODS
We performed a retrospective study of children (&lt;18 years) who underwent inpatient surgery between 2012 and 2018 in hospitals participating in the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program. Our primary outcome was the time to incident pneumonia within the 30 days after surgery.

RESULTS
We identified 349 163 children, of whom 2191 developed pneumonia (30-day cumulative incidence: 0.6%). The presence of a preoperative neurologic comorbidity conferred approximately twofold higher risk of postoperative pneumonia (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.91, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.73–2.11). We explored the risk of pneumonia conferred by the components of neurologic comorbidity: cerebral palsy (HR: 3.92, 95% CI: 3.38–4.56), seizure disorder (HR: 2.93, 95% CI: 2.60–3.30), neuromuscular disorder (HR: 2.63, 95% CI: 2.32–2.99). The presence of a neurologic comorbidity was associated with a longer length of hospital stay (incidence rate ratio: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.25–1.28).

CONCLUSIONS
The risk of postoperative pneumonia was almost twofold higher in children with neurologic comorbidity. The magnitude of these associations underscores the need to identify areas of research and preventive strategies to reduce the excess risk of pneumonia in children with preoperative neurologic conditions.
Evaluación del desempeño de los pavimentos rígidos en Costa Rica
Authors: Montes de Oca Hidalgo Maria Paula , Sequeira Rojas Wendy , Ávila Esquivel Tania , Aguiar Moya José Pablo 
Published: August 2021

Se reconoce la necesidad de conocer los deterioros típicos de los pavimentos rígidos en Costa Rica, ya que no existen técnicas de diseño ni información a nivel constructivo que tomen en cuenta las variables climatológicas ni de tránsito del país. Con el objetivo de complementar la información existente, se propone una evaluación para determinar los deterioros típicos de los pavimentos rígidos en Costa Rica.
La evaluación de los pavimentos rígidos se basó en una auscultación visual y en un levantamiento automático mediante el Geo 3D. Inicialmente, se realizó el levantamiento de los deterioros de cada uno de los siete proyectos, los cuales se utilizaron para calcular el PCI (del inglés Pavement Condition Index) de cada uno y determinar los deterioros típicos. Luego, se identificaron las características climatológicas y de tránsito de cada proyecto y se relacionaron con los deterioros. Finalmente, se crearon los modelos iniciales de predicción de deterioros con las relaciones obtenidas.
Se observó que los deterioros típicos de Costa Rica son el daño de sello de junta (21,22 %), desprendimiento de agregados (13,58 %), pulimiento de agregado (13,10 %) y agrietamiento lineal (7,08 %), además los deterioros se relacionan con la precipitación, temperatura y ejes equivalentes. Por lo tanto, se recomienda tomar como base los resultados de esta investigación para futuros modelos de predicción de deterioros.
Percepción de conocimiento respecto al uso de elementos de protección personal para covid-19 en profesionales de la salud de Colombia.
Authors: Trujillo Alexander , Ximena Jaramillo Sandra , Pérez-Agudelo Juan Manuel 
Published: August 2021

Introducción: Un conocimiento deficiente sobre el uso de los elementos de protección personal contra COVID-19 puede aumentar el riesgo de contagio entre trabajadores de la salud y pacientes. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la percepción de conocimiento y fuentes de información sobre el uso de elementos de protección personal contra COVID-19 entre los profesionales de la salud de Colombia y la fuente de suministro de estos elementos. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional transversal utilizando un instrumento de encuesta dirigida a profesionales de la salud de Colombia entre marzo 29 y 2 de mayo de 2020. Los datos se recopilaron en línea usando Google Forms y se sometieron a procedimientos estadísticos descriptivos y relacionales para variables categóricas y numéricas. Un valor de p (α) <0,05 se consideró estadísticamente significativa. Resultados: Se obtuvieron 779 respuestas de profesionales de la salud de 48 ciudades de Colombia. La mayoría dijo tener un conocimiento adecuado sobre el uso de elementos de protección personal, sin embargo, el 39,4% dijo tener un conocimiento inadecuado, 25,3% no tenía certeza sobre cuales elementos usar de acuerdo a su grado de exposición y 10.8% dijo no tener elementos de protección personal. Hubo asociación estadísticamente significativa entre el tipo de relación laboral y la percepción del grado de educación en el uso de elementos de protección personal (p = 0,001, X2 = 21,7). Conclusiones: Se deben tomar medidas para mejorar el entrenamiento y dotación de elementos de protección persona entre profesionales de la salud que atienden la pandemia por COVID-19 en Colombia.
Profil Peran Orang Tua dan Guru dalam Penyiapan Masa Transisi Anak ke Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Pagarwati Lia Dwi Ayu , Prasojo Lantip Diat , Sugito Sugito , Rohman Arif 
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study is to describe the role of teachers (SD and TK) and parents in preparing for the transition period of children to elementary school in Kecamatan Air Sugihan. This research uses descriptive quantitative research with a survei method. Respondents in this study were 7 first grade elementary school teachers, 11 kindergarten teachers, and 89 parents of students. The study results indicate that child development is not optimal and environmental changes are the main problems in the transition period of children so that the roles of teachers (SD and TK) and parents play an essential role in the transition period of children to produce optimal school readiness. This role is in the form of responsibility for children's school readiness, as a motivator for children, as a role model, as a supervisor and as a place to ask children so that all the needs of children's school readiness are met. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menggambarkan peran guru (SD dan TK) dan orangtua dalam penyiapan masa transisi anak ke sekolah dasar di kecamatan Air Sugihan. Penelitian menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif dengan metode survei. Responden dalam penelitian ini 7 orang guru kelas I SD, 11 orang guru TK, dan 89 orangtua siswa. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan anak yang belum optimal dan perubahan lingkungan merupakan masalah utama dalam masa transisi anak sehingga peran guru (SD dan TK) dan orangtua sangat berperan penting dalam hal masa transisi anak agar menghasilkan kesiapan bersekolah yang optimal. Peran tersebut berupa tanggung jawab terhadap kesiapan sekolah anak, motivator bagi anak, sebagai panutan, sebagai pengawas dan sebagai tempat bertanya anak sehingga semua kebutuhan dalam kesiapan sekolah anak terpenuhi.
denominación de origen como estrategia de posicionamiento de marca del queso de capa del municipio de Mompox
Authors: Vargas Prieto Amanda 
Published: August 2021

El municipio de Mompox, ubicado en el departamento de Bolívar, es un lugar con creciente turismo histórico y religioso. El queso de capas es uno de los productos autóctonos del lugar, se fabrica de manera artesanal en los patios de las casas de quienes lo producen. Por esto, la materia prima está expuesta a cualquier tipo de contaminación presente en el ambiente, ya que no existen los controles de salubridad necesarios. Además, el proceso tampoco está estandarizado y no cuenta con la trazabilidad necesaria para garantizar la calidad del producto. Esto es un impedimento para lograr que el producto sea reconocido y comercializado fuera de la zona. En este escenario, esta investigación busca determinar de qué manera la propiedad industrial puede lograr el posicionamiento del queso de capa de Mompox, a través de una metodología mixta y un método de estudio de caso múltiple, donde se utilizaron tres técnicas de recolección de datos: encuestas, entrevistas y observación. Los resultados permiten identificar el potencial del queso de capas de Mompox para ser protegido a través de la denominación de origen. Para lograr este sello se dan recomendaciones de optimización del proceso productivo y mejoras de calidad específicas.
Toxic Effects of Unripe Carica papaya (Linn) Fruit Extract on Healthy Rat Liver Mitochondria
Authors: Oyebode Olubukola T. , O. Olowofolahan Adeola , Olorunsogo Olufunso O. 
Published: August 2021

The opening of the mitochondrial Permeability Transition (mPT) pore proceeds the activation of programmed cell death (apoptosis) and its functional status serves as marker of mitochondrial health. Unripe fruits of Carica papaya are used in the traditional treatment of several diseases. There is paucity of information on the level of safety of the consumption of the plant. The effects of crude Methanol Extract of Carica papaya (MECP) on the status of the mPT pore in healthy rat liver was investigated in this study. Mitochondrial FOF1 ATPase activity, mitochondrial permeability transition and mitochondrial lipid peroxidation as well as the release of cytochrome c were evaluated spectrophotometrically using standard methods. The MECP activated mPT pore opening in the absence of calcium in a concentration-dependent fashion. Specifically, induction folds of 3.1, 6.0, 9.1, 11.9 and 14.3 were recorded at 20, 60,100, 140and 180 µg/ml, respectively. In addition, MECP potentiated calcium-induced pore opening of the mPT pore in a concentration-dependent style by 22.5, 24.1, 25.0, 25.1 and 25.5 folds, respectively at 20, 60, 100, 140 and 180 µg/mL. Furthermore, mitochondrial ATPase activity was significantly (p < 0.001) stimulated at pH (7.4) while the extent of cytochrome c release increased by 5 and 7 folds respectively at the highest concentrations tested. Interestingly, Fe2+-induced mitochondrial lipid peroxidation was inhibited by varying concentrations of MECP. Specifically, significant (p < 0.001) reduction in levels of mitochondrial lipid peroxides were observed at 50, 100, 200, 300, 600 µg/ml MECP by 10, 22, 53, 74, 112 %, respectively. These findings indicate that unripe Carica papaya fruit extract contains bioactive compounds that cause mitochondrial injury via activation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening in healthy liver cells. Hence, its use in the management of diseases should be approached with caution.
Protective Effects of Myrtus communis Linn Fruit and Leaf Extracts on Isoproterenol-Induced Heart Failure in Rat
Authors: Aboutaleb Nahid , Hashem-Dabaghian Fataneh , Elahian Boroujeni Azinmehr , Shojaii Asie 
Published: August 2021

Myrtus communis Linn. (MC) is a cardiotonic plant in traditional Persian medicine. This study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of MC on isoproterenol-induced heart failure (HF) in rats. Isoproterenol was injected subcutaneously in all groups except the control group for 4 consecutive days to induce myocardial injury in male Wistar rats. In the case of treatment groups, the animals were treated with different doses of the hydro-alcoholic extract of MC fruit or leaves (150, 300, and 700 mg/kg), and were compared with healthy and HF rats. In order to evaluate cardiac function, echocardiography was performed on day 28 after treatment. MC fruit and leaf extracts were administered to all groups except the healthy control group for 28 days by gavage. At the end of the experimental period, the animals were sacrificed and the left ventricle regions of tissue hearts were collected to measure the levels of oxidative stress factors (MDA, SOD, GSH) using ELISA methods. Cardiac fibrosis was evaluated by Mason’s trichrome staining. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to assess histopathological changes in cardiac structure. Our results showed that administration of MC fruit and leaf extracts significantly reduced the MDA level and increased SOD and GSH levels in treated HF rats compared to the HF group (P<0.05). In addition, MC mitigated fibrosis and improved cardiac histological changes compared to the HF group. Collectively, our findings show that MC can be considered as a good candidate to provide cardioprotective effects in HF rats through reduction of oxidative stress and myocardial fibrosis.
Optimización De La Hidrólisis Para El Tratamiento De Residuos Lignocelulósicos Con Enzimas De Aspergillus Niger
Authors: Olivo Urbina Mylena Alexandra , Díaz Monroy Byron Leoncio , Haro Barroso Camilo , Borras Sandoval Luis Miguel 
Published: August 2021

El presente estudio tuvo por objeto optimizar el proceso de hidrólisis enzimática para degradar la celulosa del rastrojo de maíz (Zea mays), utilizando enzimas del Aspergillus niger. Durante la primera fase de la experimentación se determinó el contenido de materia seca, materia orgánica, cenizas, proteína cruda, extracto etéreo, contenido de lignina y celulosa del rastrojo, usándose para su cuantificación los métodos de referencia de la U. FLORIDA 1970. Posteriormente se realizó el pre-secado y molienda del mismo, previo a los procesos de pre-tratamiento álcali y ácido – álcali aplicados, siendo secados a 4 diferentes temperaturas (45, 50, 55 y 60 °C). Los residuos pretratados fueron sometidos a una hidrólisis con celulasas del Aspergillus Niger (39,125 UE) a diferentes pH (4,0; 4,8 y 5,6), durante 24, 48 y 72 h. a 45, 50, 55 Y 60 °C de temperatura; cuantificándose las concentraciones de azúcares reductores liberados durante la digestión. Finalmente se determinó que la hidrólisis del rastrojo sin pretratamiento y secado a 60°C, a pH de 4,8 por 72 h., tuvo concentraciones elevadas de azúcares reductores, convirtiéndose en una alternativa para su utilización como alimento o biocombustible, posterior a la aplicación de procesos biotecnológicos.
Sulfonated alumina: A suitable catalyst for furfural biomass building-block valorization through multicomponent reactions
Authors: Nope Eliana , Ruiz D. , Sathicq Angel , Romanelli Gustavo 
Published: August 2021

Sulfonated alumina was synthetized and tested for the first time in furfural valorization through a multicomponent reaction for the preparation of a nitrogenated heterocyclic compound containing the furan substructure. Ten polysubstituted heterocycles, belonging to the dihydropyrimidinones (thiones) and 1,4-dihydropyridines, were obtained with very good yields (70% – 85%) using the tandem methodology and green reaction conditions. The catalyst was easily separated from the reaction medium, giving a high yield in the reusability studies. Green metrics were analyzed in order to consider the reaction suitability.
OPTIMALISASI PENGENDALIAN PERSEDIAAN BAHAN BAKU DENGAN METODE JOINT ECONOMIC ORDER QUANTITY (JEOQ) PADA UD PURNAMA JATI JEMBER
Authors: Gusminto Eka Bambang , Musmedi Didik Pudjo , Kriswardhana Ariwinata 
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine the optimal amount of raw materials inventory needs and the reorder point of raw materials in UD Purnama Jati Jember. UD Purnama Jati Jember is a company engaged in the production of Jember Regency speciality food and souvenirs. Due to not having a standard method, there are problems of raw material inventory in the production process, including overproduction and excess or shortage of raw materials. Data were obtained by interviewing the company owner and observing the company's production process. Data analysis were performed using least square forecasting, JEOQ, safety stock, and reorder points method. The results of the study showed that the optimal raw material needs are 4,644.772 kg of tape, 2,491.411 kg of wheat flour, 3,967.927 kg of egg, 1,439.623 kg of butter, and 3,519.371 kg of sugar. The total inventory cost of raw material is Rp. 281,296,067 indicated a more efficient inventory cost than the previous method. Meanwhile, the amount of raw materials inventory for the reordering point is 417.39 kg of tape, 231.29 kg of wheat flour, 358.88 kg of eggs, 131.78 kg of butter, and 318.99 kg of sugar.
Keywords : JEOQ, raw materials control, reorder point, total inventory costs
Reverse Remodeling of Tricuspid Valve Morphology and Function in Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension Patients Following Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy – A Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Invasive Hemodynamic Study
Authors: Frederiksen Christian Alcaraz , Waziri Farhad , Ringgaard Steffen , Mellemkjær Søren , Clemmensen Tor Skibsted , Hjortdal Vibeke Elisabeth , Nielsen Sten Lyager , Poulsen Steen Hvitfeldt 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundTo investigate changes in tricuspid annulus (TA) and tricuspid valve (TV) morphology among chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) patients before and 12 months after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PEA) and compare these findings to normal control subjects. Methods20 CTEPH patients and 20 controls were enrolled in the study. The patients were examined with echocardiography, right heart catherization and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging prior to PEA and 12 months after.ResultsRight atrium (RA) volume was significantly reduced from baseline to 12 months after PEA (30 ±9 versus 23 ±5ml/m2, p<0.005). TA base area in systole remained unchanged (p=0.11) and was comparable to controls. The leaflet area, tenting volume and tenting height in systole were significantly increased at baseline but decreased significantly with comparable values to controls after 12 months (p<0.005). There was correlation between the changes of right ventricular-pulmonary artery coupling and changes of TV tenting height (r = -0.54, p=0.02), TV tenting volume (r = -0.73, p<0.001) and TV leaflet area (-0.57, p = 0.01) from baseline to 12 months after PEA. Tricuspid regurgitation jet area/RA area was significantly (p<0.01) reduced from baseline (30 ±13%) to 12 months after PEA (9 ±10%).ConclusionsIn CTEPH patients selected for PEA, TV tenting height, volume and valve area are significantly increased whereas annulus size and shape are less affected. The alterations in TV morphology are fully reversed after PEA and correlates to improvements of right ventricular-pulmonary arterial coupling.
Time to Appropriate Antibiotic Therapy is an Independent Indicator of Poor Outcome in Children with Nosocomial Klebsiella Pneumoniae Bloodstream Infection
Authors: Cheng Jie , Li Qinyuan , Zhang Guangli , Xu Huiting , Li Yuanyuan , Tian Xiaoyin , Chen Dapeng , Luo Zhengxiu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We aim to evaluate the effects of time to appropriate therapy (TTAT) on outcomes in children with nosocomial K. pneumoniae bloodstream infection, and to find an optimal time window for empiric antibiotics administration. Children with nosocomial K. pneumoniae bloodstream infection hospitalized in Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from April 2014 to December 2019 were enrolled retrospectively. TTAT cutoff point and risk factors were determined and analyzed by Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis and Logistic Regression analysis. Overall, sixty-seven patients were enrolled. The incidence of septic shock and mortality was 17.91% (12/67) and 13.43% (9/67), respectively. The CART-derived TTAT cutoff point was 10.7 hours. The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated delayed therapy (TTAT ≥ 10.7 h), PRISM III scores ≥ 10, early TTP (TTP ≤ 13 h), and need for invasive mechanical ventilation were independent risk factors of septic shock (OR 9.87, 95% CI 1.46-66.59, P = 0.019; OR 9.69, 95% CI 1.15-81.39, P = 0.036; OR 8.28, 95% CI 1.37-50.10, P = 0.021; OR 6.52, 95% CI 1.08-39.51, P = 0.042; respectively) and in-hospital mortality (OR 22.19, 95% CI 1.25-393.94, P = 0.035; OR 40.06, 95% CI 2.32-691.35, P = 0.011; OR 22.60, 95% CI 1.78-287.27, P = 0.016; OR 12.21, 95% CI 1.06-140.67, P = 0.045; respectively). Conclusions: TTAT is an independent predictor of poor outcome in children with nosocomial K. pneumoniae bloodstream infection. Initial appropriate antibiotic therapy should begin within 10.7 hours from the onset of bloodstream infection.