bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation on Properties of Concrete by adding Metakaolin and Kenaf Fibres
Authors: Kavitha R , Sundarraja M C , Dhivya S , Chanthira N , Vinodhini C , Logeswaran S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Ordinary Portland cement manufacturing can be affected to over 5 per cent of global CO2 emissions a demand for cement continues to rise. The architecture sector led planners and architects to look for alternate cemented materials for potential use in concrete buildings. Such natural admixtures like metakaolin and kenaf fibres can be used to alter pozzolanic behaviour and mechanical properties in concrete. The chemicals used by the SCM in construction to replace cement such as metakaolin not only minimize carbon dioxide emissions, but also greatly increase workability and longevity. The metakaolin is replaced with cement in 5%,10%,15% and 20% by its weight. The Kenaf fibre is added in concrete about 0.5% and 1% by the volume fraction of cement.
An Exploratory Examination of Concrete from Ecological Impacts Using GFRP Laminates
Authors: Meenakshi B S , Jayabharathi S , Kanmani S , Sakthivel S , Deepa N , Vinothini P , Elakkiya S , Saravanaraja R 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Portland cement is widely used as the construction material globally because of its phenomenal durability. But concrete gets deteriorated due to material limitations, construction methods, design and severe exposure conditions. This deterioration may lead to aesthetic functional or structural issues. There are varied reasons for the deterioration of concrete and its damage is very often the result of combination of factors. Structural and non-structural reasons cause concrete to fail and hence the deterioration of building take place. There are several methods to get it refurbished we combine the results with laminates and without laminates in this paper. For this purpose, concrete prisms were casted which are strengthened outwardly with the aid of FRP laminates using epoxy resin and hardener. The consequence of this on ultimate load carrying capacity, flexural and compressive strength is tested and the laminated concrete gives more strengthen damaged concrete as a result. It can be successfully used to repair and retrofit concrete structures.
Surface Water Pollution Study for Chinnandipalayam Lake, Tirupur and Remedial Measure by Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Manikandan P , Rajkumar K , Indhiradevi P , Dhivya S , Aravindraj R 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The dyeing industry is widely recognized as the main source of water contamination. These industries dispose of wastewater in the water bodies along with the solid waste. The physicochemical characteristic of an aquatic body gets affected and estimation of these parameters provides information on water quality and pollution status. Physicochemical parameters like pH, turbidity, chlorides, hardness, total solids, dissolved solids, BOD, COD and sulphates of the surface water samples obtained at different locations near to the Chinnandipalayam Lake, Tirupur were studied to find the influence of the dyeing waste. The water samples collected were treated using natural coagulant and the removal efficiency was studied. The initial pH, Turbidity, COD of the most contaminated sample are 7.95. 21.1 NTU, 666 mg/l respectively. Natural coagulants T.foenum-graecum (Fenugreek), Cicer arietinum (Chickpea), Azadirachta indica (Neem), Moringa Oleifera (Drumstick) and Dolichos lablab (Beans) and also chemical coagulant alum were used in this study and the efficiency of reduction of turbidity using these natural coagulants are 79.6%, 80.1%, 76.8%, 80.6% and 73.0% respectively and of using alum is 95.3%. When using natural coagulant at varying levels, total solids in the sample decreased considerably. At the same time pH and conductivity are not greatly. Moringa Oleifera’s output is greater than that of other four; this depends on the protein content in the natural coagulant. but chemical coagulant has treatment efficiency of 95.3%. Even though alum has more efficiency, natural coagulant is eco-friendly and do not affect the environment after disposing the sludge and also the lake water is being used for the agricultural purpose 80% treatment efficiency can be adopted.
Axial compressive behaviour of Concrete Filled Steel Tubular Column
Authors: Vivek D , Sridhar J , Elango K S , Saravanakumar R , Rajesh Kumar V , Venkat Raman S , Anbarasu R 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In current duration growing atmospheric high temperature and discharge of pollutants leads to environmental destruction became major issues in previous couple of decades. This study deals with the partial replacement of fine aggregate with steel slag in concrete filled steel tubular column to check the axial behaviour of column. Review from previous research found that fine aggregate replaced in concrete will reduce the effect of global warming and other environmental hazards.
Properties of Concrete Containing Waste Plastic Aggregate
Authors: Elango K S , Harihanandh M , Rajeshkumar V , Venkatraman S , Prabhu L , Munusamy M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In our modern life style environment, the usage of plastic materials is increased day by day. Production of plastics globally would result in generating plastic-based waste. In recent times, many researches have been carried out to utilize the waste plastic waste materials in the concrete mix to make eco-friendly. The present study investigates the properties of concrete when replacing natural coarse aggregates (NCA) by bio non-degradable plastic aggregate up to 30%. Furthermore, fine plastic powder has been used in fine aggregate (FA) as partial replacement. Mechanical properties such as compression test, tensile strength test and flexural strength test have been carried out and the experimental results are discussed in detail. When the plastic aggregate percentage replacement increases, strength has been decreased because of poor bonding observed between the plastic aggregate and concrete reduces the strength properties.
Microwave heating of food materials: Role of susceptor
Authors: Punathil Lineesh , Surendran G 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Microwave heating technique has been used to cook and process food materials due to faster heating. In this work, the effect of susceptors (secondary materials) while microwave heating of two different food materials is theoretically examined. The heating of food materials and susceptors due to the microwave power absorption has been simulated for two different food materials (beef and bread) enclosed in susceptors. Alumina and SiC are the two different susceptors considered for the study. The alumina susceptor is found to elevate the heating rate of materials with high dielectric properties (beef). While, SiC susceptor suppresses the heating rate both the materials with high and low dielectric properties (beef and bread). However, uniformity in heating of materials with low dielectric properties is increased by using SiC susceptor. The effect of susceptor thickness on average power absorption has been analyzed and maximum amount of average power is absorbed for specific sample dimensions (lies in resonating regime).
Renewable Energy Resources: Case Studies
Authors: Devarajan Balaji , Bhuvaneswari V , Priya A K , Nambirajan G , Joenas J , Nishanth P , Rajeshkumar L , Kathiresan G , Amarnath V 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The energy need is the only demand which wouldn’t have seen negative trend since the origin of this universe. Its requirement keeps demanding the usage of energy, during this urge people around globe working with many energy production techniques. Amongst most of them act as a resource including fossil fuel, coal and others are polluting vicinity to larger extend. The other alternative is renewable energy resources (RERs) which quite natural gift to the mankind owing to its vicinity aiding resource. The energy harvesting by utilising these RERs also have limitation that, can’t provide huge in quantity due to many reasons including seasonal, inadequate equipment, larger storage so on and so forth. The focus herein is that, by considering its limitations to which extend it can be utilised. It is obvious that production industries require enormous quantity of power, therein it may not be utilised as such. So, the house as well as small industries whose power requirement is minimum thereby this RERs can be effectively utilised. That is considered as a primary factor for consolidating of this survey in the form of various test cases.
Friction Stir Welding of dissimilar Materials (AA2024 & AA6063) and Investigation of Mechanical Properties
Authors: Kannan T , Arulmurugan B , Kathiresan G , Amarnath V , Akilesh G , Arhath S , Dhanajjayan R 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Frictional heating system and permanent distortion under melting heat is a technique behind Friction stir welding (FSW) of the materials. Compared to arc welding, Friction stir welding has higher strength, good fatigue life, and lower distortion, less residual stress, low corrosion and non-defect. The main aim of the investigation is to examine the influence of mechanical characteristics of dissimilar aluminium alloys (AA2024 & AA6063aluminium alloy) in joining parameters. Properties like hardness and tensile testing helps us to investigate the mechanical performance of the dissimilar aluminium alloys welded through different welding speed, tool rotation speed and the applied axial load.
Experimental Analysis on the Inactive region of Evacuated tube Solar Collector using Twisted Tapes
Authors: Senthil Kumar C , Manoj Kumar P , Karthik S , Anandaraj S , Harikrishna D , Kumar Eswarlal Vimal 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The evacuated tube type solar collector is used predominantly for water heating application in both residential and industrial scales. They found superior in thermal efficiency compared to other kind of solar collectors. All-glass evacuated solar collector is the simplest form of evacuated collector which found its major applications as passive flow solar water heaters for residential and industrial purposes. However, they have been affected with an inherent issue which is due to the inactive region formed at the bottom of the tubes. This paper addresses this issue with the help of twisted tubes, made-up of aluminum. The experimental results proved that the existence of twisted tapes accelerated the heat transfer within the inactive region and helped to maintain the uniform temperature inside the tube. The results proved that the water temperature at the inactive region was augmented up to 73°C with the help of twisted tapes, which was 31°C more than tubes without twisted tapes. Also, the twisted tapes enhanced the average temperature of tube water by the maximum of 10°C.
Modelling and Simulation of Thermo-Physical Property of Composite Material
Authors: Ganesan Krishnamoorthi , Lakshmipathy  , Jegan  , Kailash  , Kaliselvan  
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Thermo-physical property measurement is a significant methodology as these properties are the input for designing thermal systems. Properties of materials like thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat capacity has to be estimated in prior to estimate the thermal performance of any material. In the present work, numerical simulations were performed to estimate the thermo-physical properties of a polymer based composite material using porous medium modelling. The weight fraction of the composites and fibres are incorporated into the simulations through porosity. The transient heat diffusion equation are solved using ANSYS Fluent for a polymer based composite material using semi-infinite transient conduction approach. The thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity are estimated simultaneously for various volume fractions of polyester and banana fibre. The temporal temperature distribution data predicted from ANSYS Fluent is curve fitted using MATLAB and the obtained values of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity are compared with the previously reported experimental results and are found to be within a deviation of 7 % for all cases.
Investigate the Tribological Properties of AISI 4140 Alloy Steel Under Various Loads and Sliding Speed
Authors: Rooprai Ranbir Singh , Singh Harvinder , Singla Yogesh Kumar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Friction and wear are the main reason for energy losses in the mechanical systems. AISI 4140 is commonly use as gear material and other important applications. In this study experiments were conducted to predict the effect of the sliding speed and load on the frictional and wear behavior of AISI 4140 steel under the HP ZFL 80W-90 using a pin on disc tribometer. The tests were carried out under different loads (40,60,80) N and (0.5,1,1.5) m/s sliding speeds for constant distance of 500m. The tribological characteristic of the material was observed at different sliding speed. Based on the results, the wear mechanism of the AISI 4140 under HP ZFL 80W-90 lubricant was predicted. Results depicted that at low sliding speed the COF coefficient of friction decreases with increase in load. At moderate sliding speed also same trend was observed, whereas at higher sliding speed the COF increases with the increase of load.
Earthen blocks with Synthetic Fibres – A Review
Authors: Jesudass A , Gayathri  , Harish K , Sree Ram S , Mohammed Riyas S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In recent times, sustainability in daily routine aspects is gaining momentum, which increases use of earthen material as a building material and it plays a vital role in the construction of any buildings, when it is enhanced with the fibres(PET, polythene, polypropylene etc.). This study presents the comprehensive review of earthen blocks reinforced with the synthetic fibres like (polypropylene, polyester, polyethylene, glass fibres, steel fibres, nylon fibres, polyvinyl alcohol) and discussed about the physical and mechanical properties of the earthen blocks reinforced with these fibres. The literature search was performed with the google scholar and web of science search engines. Polypropylene fibre, PET fibres, Polyethylene fibres have good strength when it is reinforced with earthen blocks. The soil and the fibres are stabilized with cement and chemicals respectively to makeearthen blocks. The treatment of fibre before adding as a reinforcing agent and some tests are missing in many studies. Future studies can be conducted on the effect of fibre treatment and the performance of the synthetic fibre reinforced earthen block.
Detection of partially occluded objects – A comparative analysis based on Haar Classifier and K-Means Clustering
Authors: Karmakar Aparajita , Aju D 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper addresses the problem of detecting partially occluded objects from 2D images. The detection of partially occluded objects is performed and compared using feature-based training and color-based object segmentation. The occluded objects are very difficult to be detected based only on their features since, all the essential features may not be visible to the learned model due to occlusion. Haar cascade classifier has been utilised for feature-based training and the k-means clustering is utilized for color-based tracking. Various input images are provided Haar classifier as well as the K-means clustering to detect the objects in the 2D images and the subsequent results are compared and analysed. For segmenting the 2D objects using k-means clustering, the average recall and average precision varies from 0.70 to 0.98. The variation is based upon the veracity of the occluded objects. The average precision rate for detecting the occluded 2D objects through the developed method is between 0.24 and 0.60. And it is noted that the average recall for the respective detection lies between 0.25 and 0.70.
A review on passive cooling techniques for lithium-ion battery thermal management system of electric vehicle
Authors: Mallick S S , Neog S , Mahanta D K , Rafi M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Li ion batteries have gained popularity in electric vehicle application in past few years because of its high energy density and long-life cycle. The high energy density Li ion batteries are also generating a large amount of heat which needs to be dissipated for the stability, longevity of the battery and safety of vehicle. Thus, a battery thermal management system (BTMS) is very much essential for the battery system. The objective of BTMS is to maintain the cell temperature and thus improve life cycle of battery system. It has been reported that the battery pack has better thermal stability and lifetime when operated at a temperature range of 15 to 35 °C and maximum cell temperature difference of 5 °C. Among battery cooling techniques, passive approaches are considered as less complex and less expensive. In this context, a review on passive cooling methods for BTMS has been discussed in this paper. Subsequently, a summary of characteristic parameter for an efficient passive BTMS has been provided.
Smart Chair System for Maintaining Health using Internet of Things
Authors: Suganya R , Priyadharshini A , Saran V M , Shruthi S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Sitting is the most common behavior of the human in day today life. Also discovered that the ill-advised positions will prompt torments and also other ongoing intricacies for the individuals. To keep away from these impacts of helpless sitting stances, we had built up an exceptionally functional plan of a shrewd seat framework in our paper, that will actually want to screen the behavior of sitting stances of the human body precisely just as non-intrusively. A pressing factor examples of the normalized sitting places of human were gained and sent to the PC for the programmed sitting position acknowledgment with the utilization of the inserted framework. The exploratory outcomes additionally shown that it can perceive the places to sit for the human subjects with the highest exactness. The positions observing in a created savvy seat framework can help and elevate individuals to accomplish and keep up solid sitting stances, and furthermore forestall or decrease the constant illnesses brought about by helpless sitting stances. These promising outcomes recommended that the current framework is doable for sitting stances checking, which can discover applications in numerous regions including medical care administrations, human-PC communications and furthermore canny climate.
Usage of Fibre Content in Hemp as a Material in Building Construction
Authors: Saravanakumar P , John Bisher E , Aravinndh R A , Sanjay Kumar K 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Hemp Crete may be a natural occurring substance full-grown in cannabis that is plant and has additional fibre content. The fibre in these plants will be extracted in numerous ways in which. Once extraction, this will be used as replacement product for cement. Ordinarily once hemp Crete is compared to cement, cement emits carbons that cause the absorption of warmth, and unhappy syndrome. However, the fibres gift within the hemp won’t permit heat to enter into the building or the structure. By mistreatment hemp we will scale back the pores within the structure which might scale back the water or air into the structure. By restarting the availability of air into the structure we will scale back the thermal physical phenomenon. Hemp Crete is stronger than concrete and has additional elastic property comparison natural artefact. Compressive strength is around 1mpa. hemp Crete will be lighter than concrete thus it can’t be utilized in structure and foundation in accordance with native building codes and engineer directions. as there’s appalling rise in world temperature the requirement for carbon negative technology place utter most vital and urgency hemp Crete may be a composite of hemp knife and lime based mostly binder. in this paper we tend to area unit reaching to see however hemp (cannabis) will be used for industrial purpose.
Design and Analysis of Chips Block Making Machine
Authors: Kishore B , Parthiban A , Rahul R , Mukesh Kumar S , Rathish R , Aravindkumar N 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Machinery in industries is used to change the size and shape of the raw material to obtain the required work piece. During this process, metal chips of different types and size are obtained. These metal chips are collected manually and are transported to local scrap yards, where recycling processes takes place. During transportation, most of these metal chips are lost or not recycled due to its size. Chips Block Making Machine can convert the collection of loose metal chips to a whole block. These blocks can be transported to scrap yards more efficiently. This process is carried out by using the principle of Thermal compression. Flow simulation in Solid Works is used as a tool to analyse the exposed environmental temperature from inner body of the machine. As a result, the efficiency of transporting these metal chips is increased and recycling process can be done more comfortably.
A Study on the Water Quality Assessment of Bhavani River in Tamil Nadu
Authors: Ramakrishnan S , Anusha G , Kirupasankar K , Venkatesh C , Pradeep S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In many parts of India, rivers and streams are the major source of water for household and irrigation purposes. Due to increased human population and industrialization, the water gets highly polluted as the sewage and household wastes, agricultural wastes, and other wastes from factories are directly discharged into the river. Pollution of river water can have harmful effects on living beings and makes water unsuitable for various needs. Thus, it is required to check the quality of water at well-ordered time intervals as the physical, chemical and biological parameters of the water will be changed. In this study, six samples from both Upper Bhavani River in Coimbatore district and Lower Bhavani River in Erode district were collected at various locations and examined for water quality parameters to know its suitability for various needs. Water samples collected were examined for water quality parameters such as electrical conductivity, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, sulphate, chloride, hardness, turbidity and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD). Based on the water quality analysis results, Water Quality Index was formulated. The overall quality of water was assessed using the WQI values and necessary solutions are suggested to improve the quality of water.
The Class of n-Skew n-Binormal Operator
Authors: Meenambika K , Seshaiah C V , Sivamani N , Indhumathy D 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this article, the concepts and ideas used in skew binormal operator are extended to [nsnBN] operator acting on a Hilbert space H. Some results are proved based on self-adjoint and [nsnBN operator. A result is established that [nsnBN] operator and n-isometry operator are independent classes.
Turkey Berries Leaves Extract as Corrosion Inhibitor Embedded Steel in Concrete
Authors: Dharmaraj R , Raga Samuyktha S A , Thansiya K , Syed Manzoor S , Naveen Kumar B , Maruvarasan S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Different approaches such as surface preparation and cathodic protective procedures traditionally used have been used for corrosion reduction. Corrosion inhibitors have proved to be the most cost-effective and simple method for protecting and corrosion protection of the concrete embedded steel. The inhibitors reduce the rate of corrosion, preventing monetary damages incurred by metallic corrosion on steels. The toxicity of conventional bio-toxic organic compounds is a significant concern. Eco-friendly, non-toxic green inhibitors are the focus of intensive research. This research focuses on acidic solutions to imitate manufacturing processes on methods of corrosion preventive use of turkey-leaves extract-based corrosion inhibitors for steel. The dosage percentage will be raised by 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5%. The present work provides an overview of corrosion forms, the corrosion mechanism and, in particular, a current application research is turkey leaves extracts as corrosion inhibitors in steel production.