bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of Find cases Actively, Separate safely and Treat effectively (FAST) strategy for early diagnosis of TB in Nepal: An implementation research
Authors: Paudel Sagun , Padmawati Retna Siwi , Ghimire Ashmita , Yonzon Choden Lama , Mahendradhata Yodi 
Published: October 2021

Introduction
Tuberculosis is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Diagnosing TB in an early stage and initiating effective treatment is one of the best ways to reduce the burden of tuberculosis. Feasibility of Find cases Actively, Separate safely and Treat effectively (FAST) Strategy helps to improve the early diagnosis of tuberculosis cases among inpatient settings as well as out patient department patients and prevent TB transmission in hospital. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of the FAST strategy, organizational factors, technical factors, barriers and enablers for the proper implementation of the FAST strategy in Nepal.

Methods
A qualitative study was conducted from April 2019 to August 2019. Data was collected by using focus group discussion, key informant interviews, and client exit interviews. A retrospective research was conducted in different hospitals in Nepal where FAST strategy was implemented. The patients, health care workers, province, district, and National level stakeholders were interviewed. Thematic analysis was used to assess the feasibility as well as barriers and enablers of the FAST strategy.

Results
Study identified that the ‘current setting’ of implementation and service delivery arrangement at hospitals were not well arranged as per requirements. The research findings showed hospital ownership is crucial for mobilizing staff and proper space management inside hospitals. Study identified that unavailability of a separate room, limited capacity of GeneXpert machine, irregular supply of GeneXpert cartridge, and insufficient human resources for screening and counseling are the major barriers of FAST implementation in Nepal.

Conclusion
FAST strategy is feasible to implement in healthcare settings in Nepal although the technical and organizational factors should be managed to ensure effective function of the strategy as per the approach. Hospital ownership is essential to mobilize health workers, improve client flow system and proper space management for FAST services.
Differential systemic inflammatory responses after TAVI: The role of self versus balloon expandable devices
Authors: Abu Khadija Haitham , Gandelman Gera , Ayyad Omar , Jaber Mustafa , Poles Lion , Jonas Michael , Paz Offir , Abu Sbaih Firas , Sella Gal , Shimoni Sara , George Jacob , Blatt Alex 
Published: October 2021

Objective
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) provokes early injury response, represented in part by dynamic changes in the inflammatory markers. The association of self-expanding valves (SEVs) and balloon-expandable valves (BEVs) with the consequent inflammatory response remains uncertain.

Materials and methods
Patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis who underwent transfemoral TAVI: SEVs or BEVs, from January 2010 to December 2019 were enrolled. Whole white blood cells (WBC) and subpopulation dynamics as well the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were evaluated.

Results
Three-hundred seventy consecutive patients (mean age 81.75 ± 6.8 years, 199 women’s) were enrolled. In the entire population, significant kinetic changes in the WBC response (p <0.0001) between admission and first 24 hours post procedure, with a significant increase in total WBC (7.46 ± 2.26 to 10.08 ± 3.55) and absolute neutrophil count (4.97 ± 2.06 to 8.19 ± 3.43), NL ratio (3.72 ± 2.8 to 9.76 ± 7.29), and a meaningful decrease in absolute lymphocytes count (1.67 ± 1.1 to 1.1 ± 0.76). When compared between the types of valves, SEVs were associated with a more pronounced inflammatory response than BEVs, with total WBC (10.44 ± 3.86 vs. 9.45 ± 3.19) neutrophils (8.56 ± 3.75 vs. 7.55 ± 3.06) with p 0.016 and 0.012 respectively.

Conclusion
This is the first description of a differential inflammatory response between the two leading delivery systems. SEV appears to trigger a more robust inflammatory response as compared to BEV. Clinical studies are warranted to assess the long term effect of our findings.
Tras las huellas del terrorismo en Euskadi: Justicia restaurativa, convivencia y reconciliación, Annabel Martín and M.ª Pilar Rodríguez (eds) (2019)
Authors: Reyes Baztán Maria 
Published: October 2021

Review of: Tras las huellas del terrorismo en Euskadi: Justicia restaurativa, convivencia y reconciliación, Annabel Martín and M.ª Pilar Rodríguez (eds) (2019)
Madrid: Editorial Dykinson, 179 pp.,
ISBN 978-8-41324-346-7, h/bk, €17.10, ISBN 978-8-41324-390-0, e/bk, €13.50
Mulheres em Luta: A Educação e a Dinâmica de Auto-Organizacão das Empregadas Domésticas Portuguesas do Sindicato do Serviço Doméstico (1960-1986), A. Celeste Vieira (2019)
Authors: Serrado Joana 
Published: October 2021

Review of: Mulheres em Luta: A Educação e a Dinâmica de Auto-Organizacão das Empregadas Domésticas Portuguesas do Sindicato do Serviço Doméstico (1960-1986), A. Celeste Vieira (2019)
Porto: Edições Afrontamento (Biblioteca das Ciências Sociais Plural 18), 337 pp.,
ISBN 978-9-72361-679-8, p/bk, €18,00
Within- and between-subject biological variation data for serum zinc, copper and selenium obtained from 68 apparently healthy Turkish subjects
Authors: Coşkun Abdurrahman , Carobene Anna , Aarsand Aasne K. , Aksungar Fehime B. , Serteser Mustafa , Sandberg Sverre , Díaz-Garzón Jorge , Fernandez-Calle Pilar , Karpuzoğlu Fatma H. , Coskun Cihan , Kızılkaya Emine , Fidan Damla , Jonker Niels , Uğur Esra , Unsal Ibrahim 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivesTrace elements (TrEL) are nutritionally essential components in maintaining health and preventing diseases. There is a lack of reliable biological variation (BV) data for TrELs, required for the diagnosis and monitoring of TrEL disturbances. In this study, we aimed to provide updated within- and between-subject BV estimates for zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and selenium (Se).MethodsWeekly serum samples were drawn from 68 healthy subjects (36 females and 32 males) for 10 weeks and stored at −80 °C prior to analysis. Serum Zn, Cu and Se levels were measured using inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Outlier and variance homogeneity analyses were performed followed by CV-ANOVA (Røraas method) to determine BV and analytical variation estimates with 95% CI and the associated reference change values (RCV) for all subjects, males and females.ResultsSignificant differences in mean concentrations between males and females were observed, with absolute and relative (%) differences for Zn at 0.5 μmol/L (3.5%), Cu 2.0 μmol/L (14.1%) and Se 0.06 μmol/L (6.0%). The within-subject BV (CVI[95% CI]) estimates were 8.8% (8.2–9.3), 7.8% (7.3–8.3) and 7.7% (7.2–8.2) for Zn, Cu and Se, respectively. Within-subject biological variation (CVI) estimates derived for male and female subgroups were similar for all three TrELs. Marked individuality was observed for Cu and Se.ConclusionsThe data of this study provides updated BV estimates for serum Zn, Cu and Se derived from a stringent protocol and state of the art methodologies. Furthermore, Cu and Se display marked individuality, highlighting that population based reference limits should not be used in the monitoring of patients.
Evolution of group-theoretic cryptology attacks using hyper-heuristics
Authors: Craven Matthew J. , Woodward John R. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In previous work, we developed a single evolutionary algorithm (EA) to solve random instances of the Anshel–Anshel–Goldfeld (AAG) key exchange protocol over polycyclic groups. The EA consisted of six simple heuristics which manipulated strings. The present work extends this by exploring the use of hyper-heuristics in group-theoretic cryptology for the first time. Hyper-heuristics are a way to generate new algorithms from existing algorithm components (in this case, simple heuristics), with EAs being one example of the type of algorithm which can be generated by our hyper-heuristic framework. We take as a starting point the above EA and allow hyper-heuristics to build on it by making small tweaks to it. This adaptation is through a process of taking the EA and injecting chains of heuristics built from the simple heuristics. We demonstrate we can create novel heuristic chains, which when placed in the EA create algorithms that out perform the existing EA. The new algorithms solve a greater number of random AAG instances than the EA. This suggests the approach may be applied to many of the same kinds of problems, providing a framework for the solution of cryptology problems over groups. The contribution of this article is thus a framework to automatically build algorithms to attack cryptology problems given an applicable group.
Investigating the effects of sudden column removal in steel structures
Authors: Fard Ali Esfandiari , Nasserabadi Heydar Dashti , Biklaryan Morteza 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Since the effect of the irregularity in height of medium and tall structures has a great influence on lateral behavior of structures and it also affects the design of the sections, in this study, various scenarios of sudden column removal in different locations of steel structures with and without geometric irregularities in height have been investigated. The Alternate load Path Method (APM), Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis (NDA), and OpenSees software were used to investigate 10, 15 and 20-story buildings with three types of irregularity in four different column removal scenarios.
The results show that increasing the irregularity in height increases the response of the structure. Also, the response of the structure to the sudden removal of columns in short buildings is greater than high-rise buildings. In other words, as the floors and elements in the buildings decreases, the potential for the progressive failure, increases.
Updates on the versatile quinoline heterocycles as anticancer agents
Authors: Suliphuldevara Matada Basavarajaiah , Yernale Nagesh Gunavanthrao , Basha Jeelan N. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Quinoline motifs have befallen significant molecules due to their assortment of interest in medicine, chemical synthesis, coordination chemistry, also in the field of applied chemistry. Therefore, various researchers have produced these molecules as objective structures and studied their natal potential. The current chapter endows with concise attention about cancer, anticancer agents, sources (natural) of quinoline, and together with an innovative scope of quinoline-related medicines. Further, the present section gives knowledge concerned with the anticancer activity of synthesized quinolines and their derivatives.
Si⋯O proximity in imidosilanes – absence of orbital interactions
Authors: Herbig Marcus , Böhme Uwe , Kroke Edwin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNewN-silylated phthalimides, succinimides, and 1,8-napthalimides were synthesised by reactions of the alkali imides with chlorosilanes in THF. Six different mono-, di-, tri- and tetra-iminosilanes of the type (CH3)4–nSi(imide)nwere obtained and the products analysed with1H,13C,29Si NMR, and Raman spectroscopy. The molecular structures of four imidosilanes have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. A characteristic structural feature of the compounds is the fact that all intramolecular Si⋯O distances are significantly below the sum of the van-der-Waals radii of silicon and oxygen of 3.62 Å. Experimentally found values for Si⋯O distances range from 2.813 to 3.030 Å. However, there are no significant orbital interactions between silicon and oxygen atoms, as shown by quantum chemical analysis with AIM and NBO methods. The short Si⋯O distances in these molecules are caused by the geometry of the rigid imide group bound to the silicon atom, and there is no evidence for an increase of the coordination number of the Si atoms.
Features of Trifolium rubens (Leguminosae) ontomorphogenesis in conditions of Ukraine
Authors: Gnatiuk A. M. , Gaponenko M. B. , Gaponenko A. М. 
Published: October 2021

The necessary basis for studying the structure and dynamics of populations is an investigation of ontomophogenetic peculiarities and establishment of ontogenetic stages of individuals. Information about ontomorphogenesis is especially important for protected species of plants. The minimal amount of data on morphology of plants in the different periods of ontogenesis complicates plant identification and evaluation of population state conditions in nature and culture. Trifolium rubens L. is a perennial Central European plant listed in the Red Book of Ukraine as a rare species. The objective of this research is to analyze the peculiarities of ontomorphogenesis of T. rubens, to establish diagnostic signs of age stages and the sequence of their passage for identification of the multivariance of development. The results of the study on T. rubens ontomorphogeny at the M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden оf the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and in the natural population in Zakarpattya are represented in this article. The terms “age stage” and “age period” are used to describe the degree of ontogenetic development of individuals. Diagnostic features of the age periods: latent, pregenerative, generative and senile are established. Detailed morphological descriptions of plants in different stages of ontogenesis are presented. The study shows a multivariate development that reveals different sequences of passing ontogenesis stages by individuals and, accordingly, the rate of their aging and life expectancy. It was found that during the first year of vegetation the plants undergo two periods (latent and pregenerative) and 5 stages of ontogeny (latent, seedlings, juvenile, immature and virginile). The first bloom in plants appears mainly in the second year of vegetation. The research showed the change of the leaf blade shape in ontogeny from simple to compound. There is a difference in the pubescence of leaf parts, and leaf shape indicates that these features are age-old. It was concluded that the aboveground part of the immature, virginile, generative individuals during the flowering period of plants differ from subsenile and senile in shape and number of leaves. In the generative period of ontogeny in dense plantings or in the natural population, it is difficult to reliably determine the boundaries of an individual by the aboveground part. The correlation between vegetative shoots of different type and generative shoots in the individual or group of plants can be used as an indicator to estimate the ontogenetic status of a particular locus or population. Successful growth of T. rubens in culture outside the natural range indicates good prospects for its ex situ protection and the implementation of measures for repatriation and restoration of populations in nature. The data of the research may be used for evaluation of the age structure of T. rubens populations.
A systematic review of flukes (Trematoda) of domestic goose (Anser anser dom.)
Authors: Rzayev F. H. 
Published: October 2021

Trematodes are one of the most numerous and widespread groups of parasitic invertebrates among helminths, characterized by a complex life cycle. As the final host, digenetic flukes parasitize vertebrates, including domestic waterfowl. Infection of hosts with parasitic digenetic worms causes huge economic damage to poultry. But trematode fauna of domestic geese are presented mainly only for individual regions. Despite the fact that there is already a systematic review of tapeworms and acanthocephala of domestic birds – geese and ducks, there are, unfortunately, no review articles on the taxonomy of digenetic flukes for geese (Anser anser dom.). Taking into account the relevance of the topic, based on our own and extensive literature data, we set the task to determine the general species composition of digenetic flukes (Trematoda), parasitizing in domestic geese which have been recorded in the world until 2020. Each Trematoda species is provided with the following data: scientific name, authority and year, first, second intermediate, auxiliary and final hosts, site in the host body, collecting localities and geographic distribution, and literature sources. Currently it is established that there are 149 species of helminths parasitising domestic geese. The taxonomic composition of the class Trematoda registered in domestic geese consists of 2 classes, 14 families, 30 genera and 65 species. Of all the species of trematodes parasitizing in domestic geese, 44 species have been recorded in Europe, 26 species in Asia, 6 species in North America, 1 species in South America, 1 species in Africa and 2 species in Oceania. Three species are registered in domestic geese (Echinoparyphium recurvatum, Echinostoma revolutum, Prosthogonimus ovatus) are cosmopolitan parasites. The biggest species diversity is characterized by the families Echinostomatidae (17 species) and Notocotylidae (12 species). There are 11 species of digenetic flukes recorded in domestic geese Cyclocoelum mutabile, Echinostoma grande, E. paraulum, E. revolutum, E. robustum, Hypoderaeum conoideum, Paryphostomum novum, P. pentalobum, Catatropis verrucosa, Notocotylus attenuatus, N. parviovatus) on the territory of Azerbaijan. Four of them (Echinostoma revolutum, Hypoderaeum conoideum, Paryphostomum novum, Notocotylus attenuatus) were also noted in the course of our helminthological studies. The trematode Cyclocoelum mutabile was recorded in domestic ducks only in Azerbaijan. Most species of trematodes were found in the north-eastern part (total 9 species) and southern part (total 5 species) of Azerbaijan. This is due to the widespread distribution of molluscs – intermediate hosts of digenetic flukes, in these regions. Eighteen species of digenetic flukes parasitize both birds and mammals (Rodentia, Carnivora, Lagomorpha, Artiodactyla). And eleven species of trematodes are of medical importance, registered in humans.
Stress Management Practices Among Clinical Instructors in University of Bohol
Authors: Bautista Raquel C. , Bumotad Mary Kisha A. , Diagbel Ma. Erra Jean R. , Grado John Leo R. , Labadan Nicole Deanne B. , Miculob Cherry Lynn B. , Ratilla Kay A. , Lupio Sharon M. , Domapias Lalaine L. 
Published: October 2021

Stress has an indeterminate response as a normal reaction to stressful events, to both external and internal body components, indicating both positive and negative reactions. Both positive and negative events can impact how people live their lives and how they manage stress emotionally, socially, and spiritually. Clinical teachers face a variety of stresses, particularly when the academe transitions to a new normal. This study aims to determine the stress management practices among clinical instructors at the University of Bohol. This research utilized a descriptive quantitative method. It included all 19 regular and contractual clinical instructors from the college of nursing of the University of Bohol. A self-constructed questionnaire was used to conduct the online survey, utilizing the google form for the respondents' responses. The questionnaire was of two parts; demographic profile and stress management practices categorized as spiritual, emotional, and social. The questionnaire was validated through pilot testing using Cronbach’s Alpha test to assess its reliability and obtained a more than accepted reliability result of 0.70. The study's findings indicated that clinical instructors are more inclined to spiritual activities such as talking to God and going to church as the best way to manage stress. It also showed that doing diversional activities and getting along with friends contribute to managing stress. The finding also revealed that the demographic profile does not influence the level of stress management practices. The study further concluded that clinical instructors utilize stress management practices and found it useful to maintain a strong, healthy workplace culture conducive to creativity and productivity.
Low‐grade tumour over the left temporal neocortex and ictal asystole: network and surgical implications
Authors: Russo Angelo , Francione Stefano , Martinoni Matteo , Zucchelli Mino , Guerra Angelo , Terrone Gaetano , Del Giudice Ennio , Gobbi Giuseppe 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe describe a patient with focal epilepsy characterized by ictal asystole episodes and low‐grade tumour over the left temporal neocortex. Non‐invasive pre‐surgical evaluation showed an epileptogenic zone extended beyond the low‐grade tumour. This extension was confirmed by intraoperative electrocorticography. One‐stage surgery with anterior temporal lobe resection was performed. The patient was seizure‐free after one year of follow‐up. Detailed electroclinical and therapeutic reasoning with hypotheses defining epileptogenic and symptomatogenic networks are discussed.
ARE THERE LAWS AND POLICIES PROTECTING PEOPLE INFECTED AND AFFECTED BY HIV/AIDS IN SOUTHERN AFRICA? AN UPDATE OF A REVIEW OF THE EXTENT TO WHICH COUNTRIES WITHIN THE SOUTH AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY HAVE IMPLEMENTED THE HIV/AIDS AND HUMAN RIGHTS INTERN
Authors: Ann Strode  , Brenda Grant  , Suhayfa Bhamjee  
Published: October 2021

A review published in 2007 of the extent to which countries in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region were implementing the HIV/AIDS and Human Rights International Guidelines was completed in 2006. In summary the review found that almost all SADC countries were committed, in principle, to responding to HIV and AIDS as a human rights issue because most had begun to implement key legal and policy reforms based on human rights principles. However, at the same time the criminal law was being used to respond to HIV in a coercive manner, thus undermining human rights-based responses. Finally, there were a number of emerging human rights issues that needed to be addressed, including a lack of access to antiretroviral treatment and the undermining of civil and political rights by policy reforms aimed at enhancing access to HIV testing and treatment. This note is an update of the findings of the review published in 2007. It critically examines the progress, or lack of it, made in the last three years by comparing the legislative and policy steps taken by SADC countries in responding to the HIV epidemic.