bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cause-and-effect relationship between thyroid and liver diseases
Authors: Bueverov A. O. , Bogomolov P. O. , Nechayeva O. A. , Zilov A. V. 
Published: October 2021

Thyroid gland (TG) and the liver are in a complex relationship in both physiological and pathological conditions. Thyroid hormones accelerate metabolic processes, intensify the synthesis of proteins and vitamins, play an important role in the development and differentiation of all cells, including hepatocytes. In addition to the central role in the deiodination of thyroid hormones with the formation of their more active and inactivated forms, the liver also carries out their transport. Dysfunction of TG can lead to changes in liver function, and in liver diseases, abnormalities in the metabolism of thyroid hormones can occur. Most often, liver pathology in diseases of TG is manifested by an increase in the serum activity of enzymes of cytolysis and/or cholestasis. Changes in liver function tests are often observed in patients with thyrotoxicosis. They are based on oxidative stress or cholestasis. The increased activity of osteoblasts in hyperthyroidism leads to an increase in the bone fraction of alkaline phosphatase, which must be taken into account in the differential diagnosis. Hepatotoxicity of thyreostatic drugs is relatively common, ranging from minimal hepatocellular damage to fulminant liver failure. In the case of hypothyroidism, the pathophysiological mechanisms are mainly represented by lipid metabolism disorders leading to fatty degeneration. It should be remembered that severe hypothyroidism can be manifested by hyperammonemia and edematous-ascitic syndrome, requiring differential diagnosis with liver failure. Treatment of liver pathology in TG diseases includes normalization of thyroid status, and in cases of drug hepatitis – temporary withdrawal of a potentially hepatotoxic drug. The data on the association of hypothyroidism and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the aspect of developing new therapies are very interesting.
Postcholecystectomy syndrome, dynamics of ideas, diagnostics, treatment
Authors: Minushkin O. N. 
Published: October 2021

This article provides an overview of the data on postcholecystectomy syndrome (PCES). The entire period of study of this frequent complication (up to 40%) can be divided into 2 periods: surgical and therapeutic. Surgical complications of cholecystectomy accounted for 10% and were studied by surgeons. This study led to the correction of surgical treatment, formulated the examination program and reduced and minimized surgical complications. The second part of the complications is made up of functional disorders of the sphincter of Oddi, which today are the leading ones and, apparently, remain so. The article gives an idea of PCES as a dynamic disorder of the sphincter of Oddi, gives the last definition of PCES given by the IV Roman Concensus, suggests an algorithm for diagnosis and treatment. As a clinical illustration, the authors present their own data on the diagnosis and treatment of 60 patients with PCES, which confirmed the point of view proposed by the international gastroenterological community. The authors separated two types of postcholecystectomy syndrome: one with a predominance of sphincter of Oddi (SO) spasm and another with a predominance of sphincter of Oddi hypotension. The drug of choice in the spastic type is the selective antispasmodic gimecromone, in which case a dose is of the essence. In case of a hypotonic type of postcholecystectomy syndrome, motor regulators to increase the SO tone should be used. The therapy should be stepwise with an assessment of the effect and correction of the next step of treatment. This treatment option for patients with postcholecystectomy syndrome we see today as the leading one. The features of treatment associated with the developing syndrome of bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and chronic biliary insufficiency (CBI), which require constant monitoring (diagnosis) and permanent treatment, are considered.
Approaches for unsupervised identification of data-driven models for flow forecasting in urban drainage systems
Authors: Jóhannesson Ari , Vezzaro Luca , Mikkelsen Peter Steen , Löwe Roland 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this work, an unsupervised model selection procedure for identifying data-driven forecast models for urban drainage systems is proposed and evaluated. Specifically, we consider the case of predicting inflows to wastewater treatment plants for activating wet weather operation (aeration tank settling, ATS) using Box–Jenkins models. The model selection procedure considers different model structures and different objective functions. The hyperparameter search space is constrained based on the time of concentration in the catchment. Objective function criteria that minimize one-step-ahead as well as multi-step prediction errors are considered. Finally, we consider two criteria for unsupervised selection of the best-performing model. These measure the agreement of observed and predicted hydrographs (persistence index), as well as the binary exceedance of critical flow thresholds (critical success index (CSI)). Our work shows that forecast models can be developed in an unsupervised manner, and ATS activation is correctly forecasted in 60–90% of the events. The selected model structures reflect the physical behaviour of the catchment. Models should not be selected on operational criteria like the CSI due to a risk of overfitting. The degree to which rainfall input improves forecasts depends on the specific catchment, and the objective function criterion that should be used for coefficient estimation depends on the application context.
Effects of pH on phosphorus form transformation in lake sediments
Authors: Zhao Shengnan , Shi Xiaohong , Sun Biao , Liu Yu , Tian Zhiqiang , Huotari Jussi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The pH value of lake water varies with the lake environment, which has an effect on the form of phosphorus in sediment, and then the release of sediment phosphorus. The form of phosphorus in sediments was analyzed using field sampling. The environmental conditions with pH values of 4.0, 7.0 and 10.0 were simulated indoors to estimate the effects of pH on phosphorus release from sediments and the content change of various forms of phosphorus was studied. The results showed that in Wuliangsuhai Lake, Ca-P accounted for 54.3%, which was the largest portion of the TP. Phosphorus release was favored under acidic and alkaline conditions, and the alkaline condition was more favorable. The proportion of Fe/Mn-P and Fe/Al-P in the TP decreased with an increase in the pH, while the proportion of Ca-P in the TP increased with an increase in the pH. Under the alkaline condition (pH = 10), Ca-P in the sediment increased significantly, with an increase of 22.5%. However, Fe/Mn-P and Fe/Al-P decreased significantly, with drops of 37.3% and 44.9%, respectively. Under the acidic condition (pH = 4), Fe/Mn-P and Fe/Al-P in the sediment increased significantly, and the increases were 63.1% and 37.1%, respectively. However, Ca-P decreased significantly, with a drop of 39.2%. In general, low pH promoted the release of Ca-P, and a high pH promoted the release of Fe/Mn-P and Fe/Al-P. Wuliangsuhai Lake water is characterized by weak alkaline characteristics throughout the year, and biological available phosphorus accounts for 13.3%–20.9% of the TP, with Fe/Mn-P being the dominant form. This study revealed that the risk of phosphorus release from sediments to the overlying water was greater under alkaline conditions.
Selective adsorption of phosphate by carboxyl-modified activated carbon electrodes for capacitive deionization
Authors: Miao Luwei , Deng Wenyang , Chen Xiaohong , Gao Ming , Chen Wenqing , Ao Tianqi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Capacitive deionization (CDI) has been considered as a promising technology for removing phosphate from water but suffer inferior selectivity and electrosorption performances for phosphate of current carbon electrodes in CDI. Herein, we achieved highly selective phosphate removal from a ternary effluent of Cl−, , and by using nitric acid-treated activated carbon (AC) with various modification times and pure AC as the anode and cathode, a novel phosphate selective asymmetric CDI reactor. The results showed that carboxyl groups greatly grafted on the materials after modification (varying from 0.00084 to 0.0012 mol g−1). The phosphate selectivity of the present research was higher than that of unmodified CDI, and it increased with the increase of carboxyl groups content. The highest phosphate selectivity (2.01) in modified materials is almost six times higher than that of pure AC. Moreover, the modified electrodes exhibited good regenerative ability with a phosphate desorption efficiency of around 72.12% during the adsorption/desorption process and great stability during the cycling experiment. These results demonstrated that the innovative application of nitric acid-modified AC can effectively selectively remove phosphate from mixed anion solution, opening a hopeful window to selective adsorption in water treatment by CDI.
Influence of pore water phase change on service performance for permeable pavement in Sponge City
Authors: Yu Tengjiang , Liu Dengao , Zhang Haitao , Wang Haoda 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
As the cornerstone of normal operation for Sponge City, the service performance of permeable pavement is directly related to the utilization rate of precipitation resources. However, the pore filling state (air, water and ice) of permeable pavement in Sponge City is easily affected by the service environment, especially low temperature. Thus, in the study, the influence of pore filling states and phase change processes on the service performance for permeable pavement were studied based on the models established on specimen section. Details of pore water phase change were visually displayed and described, and the strength variation of Marshall specimens after freeze-thaw cycle experiment also proved the rationality of simulation. Results show that the pore filling states in permeable pavement have different effects on the temperature field, and the influence of pore air on the temperature distribution for permeable pavement is greater than that of pore water (ice). In particular, weak positions between different pores are more susceptible to freezing stress, leading to stress concentration. Simulation results were also verified by macro experiments. Furthermore, the sustainable service performance of permeable pavement in Sponge City was inevitably affected. Therefore, the study results have certain significance for the development of permeable pavement in freezing and thawing regions, and are conducive to the wider application of Sponge City.
Cytotoxic Activity of a Unique Monomeric Heterogeneous Two-Coordinate
Ligand Monovalent Gold Complex with Tiopronin and a Heterocyclic
Mercapto-Tetrazole Compound
Authors: Sano Naoyuki , Yoshino Hironori , Sato Yoshiaki , Honma Hideo , Cordonier Christopher E.J. , Kashiwakura Ikuo 
Published: October 2021

Background:
The importance of the role of NF-κB is recognized in situations
such as malignant transformation and metastasis of cancer, and it has been suggested that
inhibiting this role can be one of the cancer treatment strategies. Gold preparations such
as auranofin are known to have an indirect NF-κB inhibitory effect.

Objective:
We synthesized a novel gold complex [tiopronin monovalent gold-5-mercapto-
1-methyl tetrazole, abbreviated as TPN-Au(I)-MM4], with different physical properties
and chemical structure from auranofin, and evaluated its cytotoxic activity and radiation
sensitizing effect on human THP1 cells.

Methods:
The number of viable cells was counted by the trypan blue dye exclusion
method. The cell death evaluation was performed by FITC-Annexin V+ and PI staining.
In investigating the radiation sensitizing effect of TPN-Au(I)-MM4, this compound [10
or 25 μM] was added into the culture medium 1 h before X-ray irradiation.

Results:
In the cells treated with 25 μM TPN-Au(I)-MM4 for 72 h, a decrease in the proliferation
of THP1 cells was observed [The relative values of viable cells in the control
group and the 25 μM treatment group were approximately 6.8 and 4.2, respectively]. In
the combination of 25 μM of the compound treatment and X-ray irradiation, an increase
of approximately 3.0-fold was observed in 2 Gy irradiation and approximately 1.4-fold in
4 Gy irradiation as in comparison to the case of irradiation alone.

Conclusion:
These results suggest that TPN-Au(I)-MM4 reduces the proliferation of THP1
cells through the induction of cell death, and the combined use of TPN-Au(I)-MM4
and X-ray irradiation shows effective cytotoxicity against THP1 cells.
The Syntheses and Medicinal Attributes of Phenanthrenes as Anticancer
Agents: A Quinquennial Update
Authors: Jhingran Sarthak , Laxmikeshav Kritika , Mone Sayali , K. Rao Venkata , Shankaraiah Nagula 
Published: October 2021

Abstract:
Cancer is a silent killer and remains to pose major health problems globally.
Amongst the several biological targets, DNA is one of the most striking targets in cancer
chemotherapy. Owing to its planar structure, phenanthrene and its derivatives exhibit potential
cytotoxicity by intercalating between the DNA base pairs and by inhibiting the enzymes
that are involved in the synthesis of DNA. However, due to the off-target effects
and resistance, the development of novel chemotherapeutic agents would be meritorious.
In this regard, we present a detailed review on the development of phenanthrene-based
derivatives reported in the last quinquennial. This review mainly focuses on the synthetic
aspects and strategies to procure the fused phenanthrene derivatives such as (i) phenanthroindolizidines,
phenanthroquinolizidine, phenanthroimidazoles, podophyllotoxin-based
phenanthrenes, and dihydrophenanthrodioxine derivatives, (ii) phenanthrene conjugates
with other pharmacologically significant pharmacophores, and (iii) phenanthrene-metal
complexes. This review also edifies their potential in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation against
various carcinoma cell lines in submicromolar to nanomolar ranges. Additionally, computational
studies and structure-activity relationships (SARs) have also been presented to
highlight the essential features of the designed congeners. Thus, this review would aid in
the development of novel derivatives in future as potential cytotoxic agents in the field of
medicinal chemistry.
JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN Family Proteins: Important Nodes in Jasmonic
Acid-Abscisic Acid Crosstalk for Regulating Plant Response to
Drought
Authors: Gupta Aarti , Bhardwaj Mamta , Tran Lam-Son P. 
Published: October 2021

:
Plants modulate the metabolism of phytohormones and their signaling pathways under drought to regulate physiological and adaptive responses. Jasmonic acid (JA) is one of the major classes of phytohormones and has been found to potentially enhance plant tolerance to various abiotic stresses, including drought. The JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN (JAZ) proteins are the negative regulators in the JA-signaling pathway. The JAZ protein family is explicit to plants and involved in the regulation of numerous biological processes, including drought-responsive mechanisms. In this review, we synthesize the mechanistic insight into the roles of JAZ proteins in regulation of drought responses by connecting the JA-signaling with abscisic acid-signaling to modulate drought-responsive physiological processes.
Hall and Ion Slip Impacts on Unsteady MHD Convective Flow of Ag-TiO2/WEG Hybrid Nanofluid in a Rotating Frame
Authors: Krishna M. Veera , Chamkha Ali J. 
Published: October 2021

Background:
The radiative magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of an incompressible
viscous electrically conducting hybrid nanofluid over an exponentially accelerated vertical surface
under the influence of slip velocity in a rotating frame taking Hall and ion slip impacts is discussed.

Methods:
Water and ethylene glycol mixture have been considered as a base fluid. A steady homogeneous
magnetic field is applied under the assumption of a low magnetic Reynolds number. The
ramped temperature and time-varying concentration at the surface are taken into consideration. The
first-order consistent chemical reaction and heat absorption are also regarded. Silver (Ag) and titania
(TiO2) nanoparticles are disseminated in base fluid water and ethylene glycol mixture to be formed a
hybrid nanofluid. The Laplace transformation technique is employed on the non-dimensional governing
equations for the closed form solutions.

Results:
The phrases for non-dimensional shear stresses, rates of heat, and mass transfer are also
evaluated. The graphical representations are presented to scrutinize the effects of physical parameters
on the significantflow characteristics. The computational values of the shear stresses, rates of heat
and mass transports near the surface are tabulated by a range of implanted parameters.

Conclusion:
The resultant velocity grows by an increase in thermal and concentration buoyancy
forces, Hall and ion-slip parameters, whereas rotation and slip parameters have overturn outcome on
them. The temperature of hybrid Ag-TiO2/WEG nanofluid is relatively superior to that of Ag-WEG
nanofluid. Species concentration of hybrid Ag-TiO2/WEG nanofluid decreases due to an increase in
Schmidt number and chemical reaction parameter.
Digital Health Literacy in Bipolar Disorder: International Web-Based Survey
Authors: Morton Emma , Ho Kendall , Barnes Steven J , Michalak Erin E 
Published: October 2021

Background
Web-based resources can support people with bipolar disorder (BD) to improve their knowledge and self-management. However, publicly available resources are heterogeneous in terms of their quality and ease of use. Characterizing digital health literacy (the skillset that enable people to navigate and make use of health information in a web-based context) in BD will support the development of educational resources.

Objective
The aim of this study was to develop understanding of digital health literacy and its predictors in people with BD.

Methods
A web-based survey was used to explore self-reported digital health literacy (as measured by the e-Health Literacy Scale [eHEALS]) in people with BD. Multiple regression analysis was used to evaluate potential predictors, including demographic/clinical characteristics and technology use.

Results
A total of 919 respondents (77.9% female; mean age 36.9 years) completed the survey. Older age (β=0.09; P=.01), postgraduate education (β=0.11; P=.01), and current use of self-management apps related to BD (β=0.13; P<.001) were associated with higher eHEALS ratings.

Conclusions
Levels of self-reported digital health literacy were comparable or higher than other studies in the general population and specific physical/mental health conditions. However, individuals with BD who are younger, have completed less education, or are less familiar with mental health apps may require extra support to safely and productively navigate web-based health resources. Relevant educational initiatives are discussed. Future studies should evaluate skill development interventions for less digitally literate groups.
Racial Disparities in Pediatric Kidney Transplantation under the New Kidney Allocation System in the United States
Authors: Krissberg Jill R. , Kaufmann Matthew B. , Gupta Anshal , Bendavid Eran , Stedman Margaret , Cheng Xingxing S. , Tan Jane C. , Grimm Paul C. , Chaudhuri Abanti 
Published: October 2021

Background and objectives
In December 2014, the Kidney Allocation System (KAS) was implemented to improve equity in access to transplantation, but preliminary studies in children show mixed results. Thus, we aimed to assess how the 2014 KAS policy change affected racial and ethnic disparities in pediatric kidney transplantation access and related outcomes.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We performed a retrospective cohort study of children <18 years of age active on the kidney transplant list from 2008 to 2019 using the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients. Log-logistic accelerated failure time models were used to determine the time from first activation on the transplant list and the time on dialysis to deceased donor transplant, each with KAS era or race and ethnicity as the exposure of interest. We used logistic regression to assess odds of delayed graft function. Log-rank tests assessed time to graft loss within racial and ethnic groups across KAS eras.

Results
All children experienced longer wait times from activation to transplantation post-KAS. In univariable analysis, Black and Hispanic children and other children of color experienced longer times from activation to transplant compared with White children in both eras; this finding was largely attenuated after multivariable analysis (time ratio, 1.16; 95% confidence interval, 1.01 to 1.32; time ratio, 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.00 to 1.28; and time ratio, 1.17; 95% confidence interval, 0.96 to 1.41 post-KAS, respectively). Multivariable analysis also showed that racial and ethnic disparities in time from dialysis initiation to transplantation in the pre-KAS era were mitigated in the post-KAS era. There were no disparities in odds of delayed graft function. Black and Hispanic children experienced longer times with a functioning graft in the post-KAS era.

Conclusions
No racial and ethnic disparities from activation to deceased donor transplantation were seen before or after implementation of the KAS in multivariable analysis, whereas time on dialysis to transplantation and odds of short-term graft loss improved in equity after the implementation of the KAS, without compromising disparities in delayed graft function.

Podcast
This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2021_12_07_CJN06740521.mp3
Influence of hosts on the production of bioactive compounds in the hemiparasitic plant Helicanthes elasticus
Authors: Ajithkumar T.G. , Thomas Sinjumol , Mathew Lizzy 
Published: October 2021

Helicanthes elasticus growing on six different hosts produced different gas chromatograph profiles indicating the influence of host on the metabolite production of parasite. 1,2,3‑benzenetriol (pyrogallol) and methyl‑3,4,5‑trihydroxybenzoate (methyl gallate), which were identified in all of the accessions were considered as gas chromatograph marker compounds of the methanolic extract of the parasite. Some assisted marked compounds obtained from this hemi-parasitic plant and their presence were found to differ among the hosts. Occurrence of various other active ingredients particular to the parasite collected from different hosts were also detected. UPGMA cluster analysis based on the 13 different compounds clearly showed the influence of host on the phytochemical production. Parasite-host interaction leads to phytochemical mosaicism in the selected hemiparasitic plant and such a phenomenon is highly significant for their utilization in various fields of the pharmaceutical industries.