bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and incidence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among healthcare workers in Belgian hospitals before vaccination: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Mortgat Laure , Verdonck Kristien , Hutse Veronik , Thomas Isabelle , Barbezange Cyril , Heyndrickx Leo , Fischer Natalie , Vuylsteke Bea , Kabouche Ines , Ariën Kevin K , Desombere Isabelle , Duysburgh Els 
Published: June 2021

ObjectivesTo describe prevalence and incidence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among Belgian hospital healthcare workers (HCW) in April–December 2020.DesignProspective cohort study. Follow-up was originally planned until September and later extended.SettingMulticentre study, 17 hospitals.Participants50 HCW were randomly selected per hospital. HCW employed beyond the end of the study and whose profession involved contact with patients were eligible. 850 HCW entered the study in April–May 2020, 673 HCW (79%) attended the September visit and 308 (36%) the December visit.Outcome measuresA semiquantitative ELISA was used to detect IgG against SARS-CoV-2 in serum (Euroimmun) at 10 time points. In seropositive samples, neutralising antibodies were measured using a virus neutralisation test. Real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed to detect SARS-CoV-2 on nasopharyngeal swabs. Participant characteristics and the presence of symptoms were collected via an online questionnaire.ResultsAmong all participants, 80% were women, 60% nurses and 21% physicians. Median age was 40 years. The seroprevalence remained relatively stable from April (7.7% (95% CI: 4.8% to 12.1%) to September (8.2% (95% CI: 5.7% to 11.6%)) and increased thereafter, reaching 19.7% (95% CI: 12.0% to 30.6%) in December 2020. 76 of 778 initially seronegative participants seroconverted during the follow-up (incidence: 205/1000 person-years). Among all seropositive individuals, 118/148 (80%) had a positive neutralisation test, 83/147 (56%) presented or reported a positive RT-qPCR, and 130/147 (88%) reported COVID-19-compatible symptoms at least once. However, only 46/73 (63%) of the seroconverters presented COVID-19-compatible symptoms in the month prior to seroconversion.ConclusionsThe seroprevalence among hospital HCW was slightly higher than that of the general Belgian population but followed a similar evolution, suggesting that infection prevention and control measures were effective and should be strictly maintained. After two SARS-CoV-2 waves, 80% of HCW remained seronegative, justifying their prioritisation in the vaccination strategy.Trial registration numberNCT04373889
Burnout in physicians: a survey of the Danish society for palliative medicine
Authors: Boegelund Kristensen Tina , Kelstrup Hallas Mette , Høgsted Rikke , Groenvold Mogens , Sjøgren Per , Marsaa Kristoffer 
Published: June 2021

ObjectivesBurnout, which is a state of prolonged physical and psychological exhaustion, seems to be a prevalent and serious problem among healthcare workers. Our aim was to investigate the prevalence of burnout symptoms among members of Danish Society of Palliative Medicine (DSPaM).MethodsAll 160 physician members of DSPaM were invited to a questionnaire survey. The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) was used to evaluate and differentiate between personal, work-related and client-related burnout.Results76 members responded (47,5%). 51% regularly received supervision. Scores on personal burnout demonstrated that 25% had no symptoms and 55% had symptoms that required attention; however, no respondents needed immediate intervention. Regarding work-related burnout: 40% had no symptoms, 20% had symptoms that needed attention and 3% needed immediate help. Regarding client-related burnout: 65% had no symptoms, 32% had symptoms that needed attention and none needed immediate intervention.ConclusionsThis survey demonstrated a relatively low rate of burnout symptoms among members of the DSPaM. In particular, the client-related burnout score was low, while higher scores were observed in personal and work-related burnout. Despite the relatively low overall levels of burnout, it is notable that about half of the physicians reported personal burnout, which needs to be addressed.
Perspectives of obstetricians and midwives on the provision of immediate postpartum intrauterine devices: a qualitative service evaluation
Authors: Boydell Nicola , Cooper Michelle , Cameron Sharon T , Glasier Anna , Coutts Shiona , McGuire Frances , Harden Jeni 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundImmediate postpartum intrauterine device (PPIUD) insertion is safe and effective but largely unavailable in Europe. Data on maternity staff views on the provision and implementation of PPIUD services are limited. The objective of this qualitative evaluation was to explore the views and experiences of obstetricians and midwives providing PPIUD within a UK maternity setting, in order to identify areas for improvement and inform service provision in other areas.MethodsQualitative health services research within two public maternity hospitals in Lothian (Edinburgh and surrounding region), UK. Interviews with 30 maternity staff (obstetricians n=8; midwives n=22) involved in PPIUD provision. Data were analysed thematically.ResultsMaternity staff were positive about the benefits of PPIUD for women. Midwives reported initial concerns about PPIUD safety, and the impact on workload; these views shifted following training, and as PPIUD was embedded into practice. Having a large pool of PPIUD-trained staff was identified as an important factor in successful service implementation. Having PPIUD ‘champions’ was important to address staff concerns, encourage training uptake, and advocate for the service to ensure continued resourcing.ConclusionsPPIUD in maternity services can help address unmet need for effective contraception in the immediate postpartum period. We emphasise the importance of widespread engagement around PPIUD among all healthcare professionals involved in the care of women, to ensure staff are informed and supported. Clinical champions and leaders play a key role in amplifying the benefits of PPIUD, and advancing organisational learning.
Multitrait genetic association analysis identifies 50 new risk loci for gastro-oesophageal reflux, seven new loci for Barrett’s oesophagus and provides insights into clinical heterogeneity in reflux diagnosis
Authors: Ong Jue-Sheng , An Jiyuan , Han Xikun , Law Matthew H , Nandakumar Priyanka ,   23andMe Research team,   Esophageal cancer consortium, Schumacher Johannes , Gockel Ines , Bohmer Anne , Jankowski Janusz , Palles Claire , Olsen Catherine M , Neale Rachel E , Fitzgerald Rebecca , Thrift Aaron P , Vaughan Thomas L , Buas Matthew F , Hinds David A , Gharahkhani Puya , Kendall Bradley J , MacGregor Stuart 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveGastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has heterogeneous aetiology primarily attributable to its symptom-based definitions. GERD genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have shown strong genetic overlaps with established risk factors such as obesity and depression. We hypothesised that the shared genetic architecture between GERD and these risk factors can be leveraged to (1) identify new GERD and Barrett’s oesophagus (BE) risk loci and (2) explore potentially heterogeneous pathways leading to GERD and oesophageal complications.DesignWe applied multitrait GWAS models combining GERD (78 707 cases; 288 734 controls) and genetically correlated traits including education attainment, depression and body mass index. We also used multitrait analysis to identify BE risk loci. Top hits were replicated in 23andMe (462 753 GERD cases, 24 099 BE cases, 1 484 025 controls). We additionally dissected the GERD loci into obesity-driven and depression-driven subgroups. These subgroups were investigated to determine how they relate to tissue-specific gene expression and to risk of serious oesophageal disease (BE and/or oesophageal adenocarcinoma, EA).ResultsWe identified 88 loci associated with GERD, with 59 replicating in 23andMe after multiple testing corrections. Our BE analysis identified seven novel loci. Additionally we showed that only the obesity-driven GERD loci (but not the depression-driven loci) were associated with genes enriched in oesophageal tissues and successfully predicted BE/EA.ConclusionOur multitrait model identified many novel risk loci for GERD and BE. We present strong evidence for a genetic underpinning of disease heterogeneity in GERD and show that GERD loci associated with depressive symptoms are not strong predictors of BE/EA relative to obesity-driven GERD loci.
Artificial intelligence and colonoscopy experience: lessons from two randomised trials
Authors: Repici Alessandro , Spadaccini Marco , Antonelli Giulio , Correale Loredana , Maselli Roberta , Galtieri Piera Alessia , Pellegatta Gaia , Capogreco Antonio , Milluzzo Sebastian Manuel , Lollo Gianluca , Di Paolo Dhanai , Badalamenti Matteo , Ferrara Elisa , Fugazza Alessandro , Carrara Silvia , Anderloni Andrea , Rondonotti Emanuele , Amato Arnaldo , De Gottardi Andrea , Spada Cristiano , Radaelli Franco , Savevski Victor , Wallace Michael B , Sharma Prateek , Rösch Thomas , Hassan Cesare 
Published: June 2021

Background and aimsArtificial intelligence has been shown to increase adenoma detection rate (ADR) as the main surrogate outcome parameter of colonoscopy quality. To which extent this effect may be related to physician experience is not known. We performed a randomised trial with colonoscopists in their qualification period (AID-2) and compared these data with a previously published randomised trial in expert endoscopists (AID-1).MethodsIn this prospective, randomised controlled non-inferiority trial (AID-2), 10 non-expert endoscopists (<2000 colonoscopies) performed screening/surveillance/diagnostic colonoscopies in consecutive 40–80 year-old subjects using high-definition colonoscopy with or without a real-time deep-learning computer-aided detection (CADe) (GI Genius, Medtronic). The primary outcome was ADR in both groups with histology of resected lesions as reference. In a post-hoc analysis, data from this randomised controlled trial (RCT) were compared with data from the previous AID-1 RCT involving six experienced endoscopists in an otherwise similar setting.ResultsIn 660 patients (62.3±10 years; men/women: 330/330) with equal distribution of study parameters, overall ADR was higher in the CADe than in the control group (53.3% vs 44.5%; relative risk (RR): 1.22; 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.40; p<0.01 for non-inferiority and p=0.02 for superiority). Similar increases were seen in adenoma numbers per colonoscopy and in small and distal lesions. No differences were observed with regards to detection of non-neoplastic lesions. When pooling these data with those from the AID-1 study, use of CADe (RR 1.29; 95% CI: 1.16 to 1.42) and colonoscopy indication, but not the level of examiner experience (RR 1.02; 95% CI: 0.89 to 1.16) were associated with ADR differences in a multivariate analysis.ConclusionsIn less experienced examiners, CADe assistance during colonoscopy increased ADR and a number of related polyp parameters as compared with the control group. Experience appears to play a minor role as determining factor for ADR.Trial registration numberNCT:04260321.
Efficacy and mid-term outcome of middle meningeal artery embolization with or without burr hole evacuation for chronic subdural hematoma compared with burr hole evacuation alone
Authors: Onyinzo Christina , Berlis Ansgar , Abel Maria , Kudernatsch Manfred , Maurer Christoph J 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundChronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a common neurosurgical condition with high recurrence rates. Repeated microbleedings from fragile neo-vessels supplied by peripheral branches of the middle meningeal artery (MMA) are believed to be responsible for the growth and recurrence of CSDH. Thus, MMA embolization might be a promising method to prevent re-bleedings and recurrences. This study aims to assess the efficacy, complication rates, and mid-term outcome of MMA embolization with or without burr hole irrigation compared with burr hole irrigation alone.MethodsPatients diagnosed with CSDH who underwent MMA embolization and/or surgical treatment were retrospectively recruited to this single-center study. The outcome variables were defined as treatment-related complications, clinical outcome at discharge, rate of revision surgery, and CT findings during the follow-up period.ResultsA total of 132 patients with CSDH were included in the study. The use of antiplatelet/anticoagulant medication was significantly higher in the combined treatment and embolization group (p<0.001). A trend towards fewer revision surgeries was found in the group of patients who received MMA embolization combined with burr hole irrigation (p=0.083). Follow-up was available for 73 patients (55.3%) with a mean follow-up period of 3.4±2.2 months. Eight patients (15.1%) of the surgery group showed hematoma re-accumulation and needed surgical rescue, whereas only one patient (5.0%) of the combined treatment group needed revision surgery. In all patients treated with only MMA embolization, complete hematoma resolution was found.ConclusionMMA embolization is a safe and efficacious minimal invasive adjuvant and/or alternative procedure for the treatment of CSDH with a reduced recurrence rate.
SMEFT analysis of vector boson scattering and diboson data from the LHC Run II
Authors: Ethier Jacob J. , Gomez-Ambrosio Raquel , Magni Giacomo , Rojo Juan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe present a systematic interpretation of vector boson scattering (VBS) and diboson measurements from the LHC in the framework of the dimension-six standard model effective field theory (SMEFT). We consider all available measurements of VBS fiducial cross-sections and differential distributions from ATLAS and CMS, in most cases based on the full Run II luminosity, and use them to constrain 16 independent directions in the dimension-six EFT parameter space. Compared to the diboson measurements, we find that VBS provides complementary information on several of the operators relevant for the description of the electroweak sector. We also quantify the ultimate EFT reach of VBS measurements via dedicated projections for the high luminosity LHC. Our results motivate the integration of VBS processes in future global SMEFT interpretations of particle physics data.
Effective ionization coefficients for low current dc discharges in alcohol vapours at low pressure
Authors: Marjanović Jelena , Marić Dragana , Malović Gordana , Petrović Zoran Lj. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper presents results for effective ionisation coefficients ($$\alpha _{\mathrm {eff}}/N$$αeff/N,N—gas density) obtained from the breakdown voltage and emission profile measurements in low-pressure dc discharges in vapours of alcohols: methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and n-butanol. Our results for$$\alpha _{\mathrm {eff}}/N$$αeff/Nare determined from the axial emission profiles in low-current Townsend discharge and lay in the interval of reduced electric fieldE/N(E—electric field,N—gas density), from 1 kTd to 8.8 kTd. We also give a comparison of our experimental results with those from the available literature. Our data cover the highE/Nrange of the standard operating conditions and in the region where other data are available we have a good agreement.Graphic abstract
Correlation between Stroke Risk and Systolic Blood Pressure in Patients over 50 Years with Uncontrolled Hypertension: Results from the SYSTUP-India Study
Authors: Sethi Rishi , Hiremath J. S. , Ganesh V. , Banerjee Sunip , Shah Mahesh , Mehta Ashwani , Nikam Preeti , Jaiswal Minakshi , Shah Nishita 
Published: June 2021

Objectives. To assess mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) levels in patients ≥50 years with uncontrolled hypertension (HTN) and evaluate the correlation between BP and stroke risk. It also assessed therapeutic drug classes prescribed in these patients. Methods. A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted at 176 outpatient centers across India, including patients aged ≥50 years with elevated SBP (≥140 mmHg). The relationship between stroke risk, calculated using Stroke Riskometer™, and mean SBP, mean DBP, and other risk factors was evaluated using Pearson correlation coefficient and logistic regression analysis. Results. The study included 3791 patients (men, 60.0%; mean age:

62.1
±
8.3

years; mean BMI: 27 kg/m2) with mean SBP

157.3
±
12.8

mmHg

and mean DBP

89.8
±
9.7

mmHg

. Five-year stroke risk in 33.9% and 10-year stroke risk in 70% patients were moderate to severe. A ~4% increase in both 5- and 10-year stroke risk with each 1 mmHg increase in mean SBP (

p
<
0.0001

) was seen. However, mean DBP did not exhibit any significant correlation with 5-year (

p
=
0.242

) or 10-year (

p
=
0.8038

) stroke risk. There was a positive correlation between mean SBP and patient age, comorbid diabetes, and smoking and alcohol habits (

p
<
0.0001

). Comorbid diabetes and smoking increased 5- and 10-year stroke risk by 2- to 5-fold. Irrespective of the risk category, most patients received antihypertensive therapy with an angiotensin receptor blocker. Conclusion. Findings corroborate an association between stroke risk and mean SBP. These real-world clinical findings indicate that efforts are required to improve primary prevention of stroke and reduce the prevalence of recurrent stroke in India.
Effect of the Wii Sports Resort on Mobility and Health-Related Quality of Life in Moderate Stroke
Authors: Unibaso-Markaida Iratxe , Iraurgi Ioseba 
Published: June 2021

Background. Stroke is a common cerebral circulatory disorder that has several sequelae that affect the daily life of patients as well as their quality of life and the lives of people close to them. Video games are being used in the rehabilitation process to address these sequelae and their benefits are shown on physical activity and in the cognition area. However, their effects on daily life activities and quality of life are not known. This study was aimed to test the effect of the Nintendo Wii Sports Resort on mobility and health-related quality of life among patients who have suffered a moderate stroke. Methods. A prepost design study was conducted with 30 moderately impaired stroke patients aged

65
±
15

. The study lasted eight weeks. 15 participated in the intervention group and the others belong to the control group. They were assessed in mobility (Timed Get Up and Go Test—TUG) and health-related quality of life (SF-36 Health Questionnaire). Parametric test and effect sizes were used to analyze the change in outcomes and to compare groups. Results. There were no differences at baseline between the groups. After the intervention, the intervention group had experienced a greater change according to the size of the effect on the variables concerning TUG (

d
=
1.32

), physical function (

d
=
1.32

), social function (

d
=
0.71

), and Physical Component Summary (

d
=
0.75

). On the other hand, the control group had a significant change in mental health according to effect size; however, this effect is not statistically relevant (

d
=
0.88

;

CI

95
%
=
−
3.74

to

5.50

). Conclusions. The results on mobility and health-related quality of life indicate an improvement in both groups. However, according to the effect sizes and its confidence of interval, the intervention group achieved better results than the control group. Although more studies are needed in this area, the results are encouraging for improving mobility and health-related quality of life after stroke.
Phylogenetic position of “Cochranella” megista (Anura: Centrolenidae) and first records for Ecuador
Authors: Traseger Scott J. , Maynard Ross J. , Culebras Jaime , Kohn Sebastian , Quezada Amanda , Guayasamin Juan M. 
Published: June 2021

“Cochranella” megista is an Endangered and rarely encountered species of glass frog that, until now, had been only registered in the Colombian Andes. Here we report this species for the first time in Ecuador, expanding its known distribution ca. 530 km south of its original range. Additionally, we include C. megista in a molecular phylogeny for the first time and unambiguously place the species in the genus Nymphargus, resulting in a new combination. Habitat in both countries is fragmented and is threatened by mining concessions and agriculture.
Genetic Evidence for Repurposing of GLP1R (Glucagon‐Like Peptide‐1 Receptor) Agonists to Prevent Heart Failure
Authors: Daghlas Iyas , Karhunen Ville , Ray Devleena , Zuber Verena , Burgess Stephen , Tsao Philip S. , Lynch Julie A. , Lee Kyung Min , Voight Benjamin F. , Chang Kyong‐Mi , Baker Emma H. , Damrauer Scott M. , Howson Joanna M. M. , Vujkovic Marijana , Gill Dipender 
Published: June 2021

Background
This study was designed to investigate the genetic evidence for repurposing of GLP1R (glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor) agonists to prevent heart failure (HF) and whether the potential benefit exceeds the benefit conferred by more general glycemic control.

Methods and Results

We applied 2‐sample Mendelian randomization of genetically proxied GLP1R agonism on HF as the main outcome and left ventricular ejection fraction as the secondary outcome. The associations were compared with those of general glycemic control on the same outcomes. Genetic associations were obtained from genome‐wide association study summary statistics of type 2 diabetes mellitus (228 499 cases and 1 178 783 controls), glycated hemoglobin (n=344 182), HF (47,309 cases and 930 014 controls), and left ventricular ejection fraction (n=16 923). Genetic proxies for GLP1R agonism associated with reduced risk of HF (odds ratio per 1 mmol/mol decrease in glycated hemoglobin 0.75; 95% CI, 0.64–0.87;
P
=1.69×10
−4
), and higher left ventricular ejection fraction (SD change in left ventricular ejection fraction per 1 mmol/mol decrease in glycated hemoglobin 0.22%; 95% CI, 0.03–0.42;
P
=0.03). The magnitude of these benefits exceeded those expected from improved glycemic control more generally. The results were similar in sensitivity analyses, and we did not find evidence to suggest that these associations were mediated by reduced coronary artery disease risk.

Conclusions
This genetic evidence supports the repurposing of GLP1R agonists for preventing HF.