bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long term heating effects at 1173 K and 1273 K on microstructural rejuvenation in various modified alloys based on GTD-111
Authors: Vacharatanon Vara , Kiatwisarnkij Napat , Lothongkum Gobboon , Nuttayasakul Nuthaporn , Qin Jiaqian , Wangyao Panyawat 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This research work studied and evaluated the effects of reheat treatment conditions, which consisted of solution treatment at a temperature of 1448 K for 14.4 ks, followed by air cooling and precipitate aging at a temperature of 1118 K for 86.4 ks, on the microstructural rejuvenation or refurbishment of various modified alloys based on the cast nickel base superalloy, GTD-111 with aluminum, nickel and/or cobalt additions after long term heating at temperatures of 1173 K and 1273 K for 1440 ks. From the results obtained, it was found that the reheat treatment conditions applied are more suitable for microstructures after long term heating at a temperature of 1173 K. However, such reheat treatment conditions could not fully return reheat treated microstructures to microstructures similar to those of previous research work. It seems that the selected solutioning temperatures and/or times were not sufficient to completely dissolve all coarse gamma prime particles after long term heating for all samples with alloying additions. Typical size and area fractions of the gamma prime particles of the reheat treated microstructures are very similar to those of the original alloyed ones but with lower values, especially those related to the size of the gamma prime particles.
Vibration damping capacity of deep cryogenic treated AISI 4140 steel shaft supported by rolling element bearings
Authors: Kam Menderes , Saruhan Hamit 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The main objective of the present study is to experimentally investigate and figure out the effect of deep cryogenic treatment in improving dynamic behaviors in terms of damping of a rotating shaft supported by rolling element bearings. An AISI 4140 steel for rotating shafts was selected for the experiments because it is the most widely used material in most industries for a wide range of applications such as machinery components, crankshafts, motor shafts, axle shafts, and railway locomotive traction motor shafts. Untreated, conventionally heat treated, deep cryogenic treated, and deep cryogenic treated and tempered shafts were used for the experiments to observe damping behavior changes of the shafts. Deep cryogenic treated and deep cryogenic treated and tempered shafts were cooled from pre-tempering temperature to -140 °C and held for tempering hold times of 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours. So, ten sets of shafts were employed for the experiment. The vibration data was captured for each of the shafts for five different shaft running speeds 600, 1200, 1800, 2400 and 3000 rpm. The results showed that damping ability of the deep cryogenic treated shaft at a hold time of 36 hours was superior to that of the others shafts.
Fatigue Life and Stress Analysis of the Crankshaft of a Single Cylinder Diesel Engine under Variable Forces and Speeds
Authors: Bulut Mehmet , Cihan Ömer , Temizer İlker 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a single cylinder crankshaft manufactured with C45 steel was used to investigate variation in stress, deformation, and fatigue life and safety factor at critical locations of the crankshaft. For this purpose, numerical analyses using ANSYS/Workbench software were performed under different operating conditions. Additionally, low cycle fatigue analyses were conducted experimentally for the validation of the numerical results in terms of the failure characteristics of the crankshaft. It was concluded that chamfers at sharp corners of the crankshaft on the flywheel side showed critical regions, indicating that the experimental and numerical results were consistent. These results suggested that critical regions of the crankshaft could be optimized for the improvement of sustainability in long life service.
Evaluation of chilled casting and extrusion-shear forming technology based on numerical simulation and experiments
Authors: Hu H. J. , Gan S. L. , Tian Y. , Zhang D. F. , Feng J. K. , Ou Z. W. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Magnesium alloys on the surface of billets might be refined by chilled casting process, but the grains of the center of billets are coarse, and there are a lot of void defects in the center of billets. These defects can be eliminated by hot extrusion, while fibrous microstructures and strong basal textures might be formed. This paper presents a new short process technology which includes chilled casting and extrusion-shear (CCES). It is crucial to understand the effects of die structures on the deformation behaviors, strain distribution and load requirements. Three selections of processes and die structures were done by simulations and experiments which include CCES process with 4 times consecutive shearings plastic deformation, CCES process by lateral extrusion with 90° shearing angle, and combined CCES process mode. The research results show the third selection is recommended. Three-dimensional (3D) geometric models with different channel angles (30°, 45°) for the third selection CCES dies were designed. The heterogeneities of plastic deformation by CCES dies with different channel angles were analyzed from the simulation results. The simulation results show strains decrease with rising of channel angles. The lower channel angles improve the deformation heterogeneity of magnesium alloy billets. Smaller channel angles obtain higher strains and produce tinier sub-grains. The forces of the CCES process decrease with rising of channel angles. The analysis results showed that finer and uniform microstructures can be obtained if channel angles in the CCES dies are appropriate.
Transmissive nonlocal multilayer thin film optical filter for image differentiation
Authors: Jin Chunqi , Yang Yuanmu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIt is well-known that a Fourier optical system can be used to perform specific computing tasks, such as image differentiation, with a superior speed and power consumption in comparison with digital computers, despite bulky optical components that are often required. Recently, there has been a surge in the interest to design much more compact nanophotonic structures, such as dielectric and metallic thin films, photonic crystals, and metasurfaces with a tailored angle-dependent (nonlocal) optical response, to directly perform image differentiation without additional lenses for Fourier transformation. Here, we present a straightforward platform, a multilayer dielectric thin film optical filter, fabricated using mature wafer-scale thin film deposition technique, with an optimized nonlocal optical response, for isotropic image differentiation in transmission mode for arbitrary input polarization. The proposed thin film filter may be conveniently coated at various transparent surfaces and inserted in machine vision or microscopy systems for enhanced, real-time image processing.
Bedeutung und Weltwissen in der Konstruktionsgrammatik. Holistik oder Modularität?
Authors: Welke Klaus 
Published: August 2021

AbstractEmpirical and theoretical arguments are presented against a framesemantic grounding of construction grammar and thus against a holistic unification of meaning and world knowledge. A modular conception is the basis of the interplay between construction and projection in Goldberg (1995). Goldberg’s attempt to include frame semantics is at odds with this foundation and must be considered a failure. The same is true for the continuation by Boas (2003). The argumentation is supplemented, among other things, by the reference to the contrast of a perceptual system and a linguistic system of cognition in cognitive psychology and by the necessity to take a modular concept as a basis in the area of syntactic-semantic ambiguity of sentences.
COMPILING VOCABULARY LISTS FOR CORPUS-BASED ARABIC FOR TOURISM TEACHING
Authors: Hendra Faisal , Rufaidah Mujahidah Fharieza 
Published: August 2021

Arabic for Tourism is a course that can be facilitated with innovative teaching materials along with the availability of learning resources on the internet rich in vocabulary and terms typical to the field of Arabic tourism. Therefore, the use of Arabic tourism websites is an effective way to compile vocabulary lists. The articles published in this kind of websites can be collected to be used as a corpus, then processed using a corpus processing software, AntConc. This study used a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches with descriptive and comparative methods using a corpus linguistic approach. Teachers can take advantage of the features in this application to identify vocabularies commonly used in the world of tourism. These features are word frequency, concordance, collocation, and N-Gram. The results can be used as a reference in compiling an Arabic for Tourism vocabulary list.
Factors Related to Serious Safety Events in a Children’s Hospital Patient Safety Collaborative
Authors: Burrus Stephanie , Hall Matthew , Tooley Emily , Conrad Kate , Bettenhausen Jessica L. , Kemper Carol 
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Serious safety events (SSEs) occur infrequently at individual hospitals, making it difficult to establish trends to improve patient care. Patient safety organizations, such as the Child Health Patient Safety Organization (CHILDPSO), can identify trends and support learning across children’s hospitals. We aim to describe longitudinal trends in SSE rates among CHILDPSO member hospitals and describe their sources of harm.

METHODS
SSEs from 44 children’s hospitals were assigned severity and reported to CHILDPSO from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2018. SSEs were classified into groups and subgroups based on analysis. Events were then tagged with up to 3 contributing factors. Subgroups with &lt;5 events were excluded.

RESULTS
There were 22.5 million adjusted patient days included. The 12-month rolling average SSE rate per 10 000 adjusted patient days decreased from 0.71 to 0.41 (P &lt; .001). There were 830 SSEs reported to CHILDPSO. The median hospital volume of SSEs was 12 events (interquartile range: 6–23), or ∼3 SSEs per year. Of the 830 events, 21.0% were high severity (SSE 1–3) and approximately two-thirds (67.0%, n = 610) were patient care management events, including subgroups of missed, delayed, or wrong diagnosis or treatment; medication errors; and suboptimal care coordination. The most common contributing factor was lack of situational awareness (17.9%, n = 382), which contributed to 1 in 5 (20%) high-severity SSEs.

CONCLUSIONS
Hospitals sharing SSE data through CHILDPSO have seen a decrease in SSEs. Patient care management was the most frequently seen. Future work should focus on investigation of contributing factors and risk mitigation strategies.
Tensiones en la implementación de la Estrategia Entrelazando en el Sujeto de Reparación Colectiva de las veredas Hinche Alto e Hinche Bajo en el municipio de La Palma, Cundinamarca, en el marco de la Ley 1448 del 2011
Authors: Liberato López Angela Marcela , Rodriguez Suárez Miguel Antonio , Fajado Ramírez Laura Alejandra 
Published: August 2021

En el marco de la ley 1448 del 2011, se formula la Estrategia Entrelazando como metodología de la medida de rehabilitación utilizada en la reparación colectiva en Colombia, es implementada por Unidad para la Atención y Reparación Integral a las Víctimas en el Sujeto de Reparación Colectiva de la Palma Cundinamarca, en las veredas Hinche Alto e Hinche Bajo. En el presente artículo, se disertará sobre las divergencias y convergencias que emergen en la implementación de la Estrategia Entrelazando a través de la instalación del discurso de poder estatal, burocrático y rígido; y, el discurso de poder del SRC de la Palma, impulsado desde el liderazgo femenino, el arraigo al territorio y la autonomía local.
HEMATOLOGICAL FINDINGS IN CHILDREN WITH VITAMIN B12 DEFICIENCY
Authors: ÖNER Nergiz , ÖZEK Gülcihan 
Published: August 2021

Objective
Vitamin B12 deficiency is a common condition in
childhood and various neurological, hematological,
and dermatological findings could be seen due to its
deficiency. The aim of the study is to evaluate the
hematological findings in children diagnosed with
vitamin B12 deficiency.
Materials and Methods
Hematological data of children with B12 deficiency
who were examined in Pediatric Hematology
Department were retrospectively reviewed.
Results
Hematological data of one hundred twenty-four
patients were assessed in our study. Anemia,
thrombocytopenia and leucopenia were detected in
48 patients, 8 patients and 6 patients, respectively.
Two infants presented with prolonged jaundice and
hemolytic anemia. The mean vitamin B12 levels of the
patients were 97.3±30.6 (5-140) pg/ml.
Conclusion
Vitamin B12 deficiency is a common disease in
developing countries and it is mostly of maternal
origin. In our study, vitamin B12 deficiency in mothers
of 42 out of 52 infants (80%) were discovered. This
percentage clearly shows the importance of the vitamin
B12 level determination in pregnant women and its
treatment in case of deficiency. Patients with vitamin
B12 deficiency might be admitted to the hospital for
various reasons. Therefore, it is recommended to
keep in mind that vitamin B12 deficiency might be
the base of various diseases, especially for patients
presenting prolonged jaundice and hemolytic anemia.
Chryzypa twierdzenie o naturalnej wieloznaczności wyrazów
Authors: Domaradzki Mikołaj 
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this paper is to analyze Chrysippus’ claim about natural ambiguity of words. The present account assumes that the concept formation mechanisms that were outlined by the Stoics throw some light on the notorious contradiction between the claim about natural relationship between words and things, on the one hand, and the claim about natural ambiguity of words, on the other. We know neither the context of Chrysippus’ postulate nor the examples with which he illustrated it. Thus the following analyses are obviously speculative.However, the interpretations of myths and poetry that were put forward by Chrysippus sit very well with his conviction that ambiguity and figurativeness are common and natural in language.
Pengaruh ekstrak daun binahong (Anredera cordifolia ) terhadap pemulihan siklus estrus mencit (Mus musculus)
Authors: Sari Diana Novita , Sumarmin Ramadhan , Arsih Fitri , Dwi Nugraha Fitra Arya 
Published: August 2021

This study aimed to determine the effect of binahong (Anredera cordifolia) leaf extract on the recovery of the estrous cycle of mice (Mus musculus) which has been induced for the extension of the estrous cycle using angsana (Pterocarpus indicus) bark extract. In this study vaginal smear was performed daily at 10.00 WIB to determine the phase of the estrous cycle for 26 days. Mice were divided into 5 groups, each with 6 replicates. The treatments were T1 (positive control), T2 (negative control), T3 (0.8 mg/head/day), T4 (2.4 mg/head/day) and T5 (4 mg/head/day). The data obtained were processed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and followed by the Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at a 95% level of significance. The results showed that the angsana (Pterocarpus indicus) bark extract adminsitration (T2) lengthen (p <0.05) the estrous cycle of mice compared to those of normal mice (T1). The administration of binahong (Anredera cordifolia) leaf extract on T3 and T4 groups mice were followed by shorter (p <0.05) estrous cycle than those of T2, and it were not significantly different (p >0.05) compared to T1 group. However, the higher dose of binahong (Anredera cordifolia) leaf extract (T5) revealed the length of estrous cycle was not significantly different (p >0.05) compared to T2 group. It can be concluded that the administration of binahong leaf extract was able to recover the normal estrous cycle of mice.
Angka kebuntingan sapi perah dengan korpus luteum persisten setelah pemberian kombinasi prostaglandin F2α dan gonadotropin
Authors: Azwani Nabila , Srianto Pudji , Madyawati Sri Pantja , Sardjito Trilas , Suprihati Endang 
Published: August 2021

This case study aims to determine the effect of a combination of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) with Gonadotropin (PG-600), and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on the estrus and pregnancy rates in Holstein Friesian (HF) cows with persistent corpus luteum (PCL). A total of 15 Holstein Friesian (HF) dairy cows aged 3-5 years with body condition score (BCS) 5-7 (scale 1-9) diagnosed with PCL, were injected with 7.5 mg PGF2α intra-vulvar submucosa. Cows were then divided into three treatment groups. Group P0 was not given the combination treatment, while P1 group was injected with a combination of 300 IU PG-600 and 150 IU hCG, meanwhile P2 group was was injected with a combination of 300 IU PG-600 and 300 IU hCG intra-muscularly. The PGF2α and PG-600 injections were carried out on the same day PCL was diagnosed. Meanwhile, the injection of hCG was carried out at the same time as the AI. The Pregnancy examination was performed 90 days after AI through rectal palpation. The results showed that all treated cows were estrus observed with the fastest onset of estrus was the P2 group, that was significantly different (p <0.05) compared to the P0 and P1 groups. All treated cows were diagnosed as pregnant. It can be concluded that the administration of PGF2α or its combination with gonadotropins in HF cows with PCL could result in 100% estrus and pregnancy rates.
Climate vulnerability scenario of the agricultural sector in the Bicol River Basin, Philippines
Authors: Laureta Ricky P , Regalado Ric Ryan H , Cruz Ermar B De La 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This paper investigated the vulnerability of the agriculture sector and rural agriculture livelihoods in the Bicol River Basin (BRB) of the Philippines to projected changes in climate. The geographical characteristics of the BRB feature eight major sub-basins or watersheds consisting of Libmanan-Pulantuna, Ragay Hills, Thiris, Naga-Yabo, Pawili River, Waras-Lalo, Naporog, and Quinali. The study applied the combination of the participatory tools and the Climate Risk Vulnerability Assessment (CRVA) framework to gather information on local climate vulnerabilities and contexts. Briefly, the CRVA employed geospatial modeling and utilized several indicators which are presumed to affect vulnerability including exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity which were aggregated to provide an index of vulnerability. This enabled us to identify areas of exposure and vulnerability and pointed areas of greatest need for strengthened adaptive capacity and risk management. Our findings revealed that vulnerability in the BRB was perceived to be relatively prevalent and that typhoons, flooding, and drought were identified to contribute significant impacts to rural livelihood. Furthermore, our findings in the CRVA suggested significant regional differences in vulnerability in the BRB. The majority of the towns in the central and northwestern portions of the BRB will largely experience increased vulnerability, particularly, in the Thiris sub-basin including some parts of Ragay Hills, Waras-Lalo, and the northwestern Libmanan-Pulantuna sub-basins. On the contrary, the entire Quinali region on the south is revealed to have the lowest vulnerability index. The clear policy implication of these accounts will be on how to mobilize developmental thrusts in both areas of disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation at the sub-national level to reinforce local-based climate priority setting in adaptation interventions and policies.
Short- and Long-Time Improvement of Graft Function Using Iron-Chelator Supplemented Bretschneider Solution in a Canine Model of Orthotopic Heart Transplantation
Authors: Szabo Gabor , LOGANATHAN Sivakkanan , KORKMAZ-ICÖZ Sevil , BALOGH Ágnes , PAPP Zoltan , BRLECIC Paige , HEGEDÜS Péter , RADOVITS Tamás , KARCK Matthias , MERKELEY Béla , Veres Gabor 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
An increasing organ demand is facing a constant number of donors. Nevertheless, not all organs are utilized due to a limited time window for heart transplantation (HTX). Therefore, we aimed to evaluate, if iron chelator supplemented Bretschneider solution can protect the graft in a clinically relevant canine model of HTX with prolonged ischemic storage.HTX was performed in foxhounds. The ischemic time was standardized to 4h, 8h, 12h or 16h depending on the experimental group. Left ventricular (LV) and vascular function were measured. Additionally, myocardial high energy phosphate and iron content and in-vitro myocyte force were evaluated.Iron chelator supplementation proved superior at a routine preservation time of 4h as well as for prolonged times of 8h and longer. The supplementation groups recovered quickly compared to their controls. The LV function was preserved and coronary blood flow increased. This was also confirmed by in vitro myocyte force and vasorelaxation experiments. Additionally, the biochemical results showed significantly higher adenosine-triphosphate content in supplementation groups. The iron chelator LK614 played an important role in this mechanism by reducing the chelatable iron content.This study shows that iron chelator supplemented Bretschneider solution effectively prevents myocardial/endothelial damage during short as well as long term conservation.
The Backpropagation Algorithm Implemented on Spiking Neuromorphic Hardware
Authors: Renner Alpha , Sheldon Forrest , Zlotnik Anatoly , Tao Louis , Sornborger Andrew 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The capabilities of natural neural systems have inspired new generations of machine learning algorithms as well as neuromorphic very large-scale integrated (VLSI) circuits capable of fast, low-power information processing. However, it has been argued that most modern machine learning algorithms are not neurophysiologically plausible. In particular, the workhorse of modern deep learning, the backpropagation algorithm, has proven difficult to translate to neuromorphic hardware. In this study, we present a neuromorphic, spiking backpropagation algorithm based on synfire-gated dynamical information coordination and processing, implemented on Intel's Loihi neuromorphic research processor. We demonstrate a proof-of-principle three-layer circuit that learns to classify digits from the MNIST dataset. To our knowledge, this is the first work to show a Spiking Neural Network (SNN) implementation of the backpropagation algorithm that is fully on-chip, without a computer in the loop. It is competitive in accuracy with off-chip trained SNNs and achieves an energy-delay product suitable for edge computing. This implementation shows a path for using in-memory, massively parallel neuromorphic processors for low-power, low-latency implementation of modern deep learning applications.