bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence of paleoseismic activity recorded in glaciolacustrine sediments predating the Weichselian glacial maximum in East Lithuania
Authors: Satkūnas Jonas , Šliaupa Saulius 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSoft-sediment deformation structures (SSDS) were identified in proglacial lacustrine (glaciolacustrine) sediments dated to 25–24 ka in the Buivydžiai outcrop, situated 30 km north of Vilnius in east Lithuania. These sediments accumulated in front of the last Weichselian glaciation maximum. The SSDS originated due to sandy silt liquefaction that disrupted the decimeter-thick silty sand interlayer. A NW-SE trending Buivydžiai fault was mapped in the proximity (8 km) of the Buivydžiai outcrop. The fault is well traced by a dense drilling in the sediments of the preglacial Daumantai Formation in the basal part of the Quaternary cover and attributed to the earliest Pleistocene. Depth difference of the formation along the fault is ~5–8 m; the northern flank is relatively uplifted with respect to the southern flank. The Buivydžiai earthquake was most likely induced by formation of an elastic forebulge flexure of the Earth's crust in front of the ice sheet. The magnitude was evaluated ~M = 6.0–6.5 and was most likely of shallow hypocenter depth. Furthermore, the Bystritsa (Belarus) earthquake of magnitude M = 3.5–4.0 was registered in December 1908 to the east (12 km) of the Buivydžiai outcrop along the Buivydžiai fault, which points to recurrent seismic activity of this fault.
ARITHMETIC PROPERTIES OF 3-REGULAR PARTITIONS IN THREE COLOURS
Authors: DA SILVA ROBSON , SELLERS JAMES A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGireesh and Mahadeva Naika [‘On 3-regular partitions in 3-colors’, Indian J. Pure Appl. Math.50 (2019), 137–148] proved an infinite family of congruences modulo powers of 3 for the function

$p_{\{3,3\}}(n)$
, the number of 3-regular partitions in three colours. In this paper, using elementary generating function manipulations and classical techniques, we significantly extend the list of proven arithmetic properties satisfied by

$p_{\{3,3\}}(n).$
Age, growth and mortality of the yellowmouth barracuda Sphyraena viridensis (Sphyraenidae) from eastern coasts of Algeria
Authors: Bourehail Nadjette , Kara M. Hichem 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAge and growth of the yellowmouth barracuda Sphyraena viridensis (Cuvier, 1829) was examined in 698 individuals (184 < TL (mm) < 1210; 25 < TW (g) < 7125), sampled monthly from commercial catches in eastern coasts of Algeria between January 2007 and January 2008. Marginal increment analysis of 159 sectioned sagittal otoliths combined with information derived from length–frequency distribution showed that annulus formation occurs between June and August. Maximum observed age of males and females is 14 and 13 years respectively. Back calculations of total length-at-age were used to fit the data to the Bertalanffy growth model: TL = 1113(1 – e−0.165(t+2.251)) in males and TL = 958.3 (1 – e−0.247(t+1.422)) in females. The coefficient of allometry of the length weight relationship is 3.02 and 2.99 in males and females, respectively. Growth performance index Ø = 3.33. Natural mortality (M) was estimated as 0.45 year−1, fishing mortality (F) was 0.06 year−1and the exploitation rate (E) was 0.11.
An Unusual Roman Fettered Burial from Great Casterton, Rutland
Authors: Chinnock Chris , Marshall Michael 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTIn 2015, an unusual burial was uncovered during construction works at Great Casterton, Rutland. A male adult human skeleton, secured at the ankles with a pair of iron fetters and a padlock, was buried in a probable ditch. Iron hobnails were present around the feet of the individual. A radiocarbon date (AMS) from the burial produced a date of a.d. 226–427 with 95.4 per cent probability. This example appears to be the first definitive archaeologically excavated instance of an individual buried in this manner in Roman Britain. The character of the burial may imply that this was a slave, although other possibilities are also considered, as are the wider social and symbolic implications of the inclusion of shackles in a burial.
Changing conceptions of mathematics and infinity in Giordano Bruno’s vernacular and Latin works
Authors: Rossini Paolo 
Published: June 2021

ArgumentThe purpose of this paper is to provide an analysis of Giordano Bruno’s conception of mathematics. Specifically, it intends to highlight two aspects of this conception that have been neglected in previous studies. First, Bruno’s conception of mathematics changed over time and in parallel with another concept that was central to his thought: the concept of infinity. Specifically, Bruno undertook a reform of mathematics in order to accommodate the concept of the infinitely small or “minimum,” which was introduced at a later stage. Second, contrary to what Héléne Védrine claimed, Bruno believed that mathematical objects were mind-dependent. To chart the parallel development of the conceptions of mathematics and infinity, a seven-year time span is considered, from the publication of Bruno’s first Italian dialogue (La cena de le ceneri,1584) to the publication of one of his last Latin works (De minimo, 1591).
Directly observed therapy to promote medication adherence in paediatric heart transplant recipients
Authors: Killian Michael O. , Clifford Stephanie A. , Gupta Dipankar 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMedication non-adherence causes poor outcomes in paediatric organ transplantation. COVID-19 pandemic has led to an exponential use of mobile health approaches for patient care. Herein, we describe a pilot intervention study using mobile video directly observed therapy building on emerging trends in research and clinical practice pertaining to medication adherence in paediatric organ transplantation.
WITTEN DEFORMATION FOR NONCOMPACT MANIFOLDS WITH BOUNDED GEOMETRY
Authors: Dai Xianzhe , Yan Junrong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMotivated by the Landau–Ginzburg model, we study the Witten deformation on a noncompact manifold with bounded geometry, together with some tameness condition on the growth of the Morse function f near infinity. We prove that the cohomology of the Witten deformation

$d_{Tf}$
acting on the complex of smooth

$L^2$
forms is isomorphic to the cohomology of the Thom–Smale complex of f as well as the relative cohomology of a certain pair

$(M, U)$
for sufficiently large T. We establish an Agmon estimate for eigenforms of the Witten Laplacian which plays an essential role in identifying these cohomologies via Witten’s instanton complex, defined in terms of eigenspaces of the Witten Laplacian for small eigenvalues. As an application, we obtain the strong Morse inequalities in this setting.
Equal palliative care for foreign-born patients: A national quality register study
Authors: Carlsson Maria E. , Hjelm Katarina 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo use data from a national quality register to investigate if there are differences relating to migrant background in the quality of end-of-life care of patients dying in Sweden.MethodsA retrospective, comparative register-based study. In total, 81,418 deceased patients, over 18 years of age, registered in the Swedish Register of Palliative Care during 2017 and 2018, of expected death were included in the study. Of these, 72,012 were Swedish-born and 9,395 were foreign-born. Descriptive and analytical statistical methods were used.ResultsNo general pattern of differences in quality regarding end-of-life care was found between Swedish- and foreign-born patients. There were several significant differences in various quality indicators but not in a specific direction. Sometimes, the quality indicators showed an advantage for Swedish-born patients but just as often, they were also favorable for foreign-born patients. Swedish-born patients had greater access to specialized palliative care than foreign-born patients. Foreign-born patients were more often cared for in general home care setting, despite a higher frequency of cancer diagnosis.Significance of resultsForeign-born patients were less likely to be cared for in specialized palliative care units and had poorer access to palliative care teams than Swedish-born patients, despite having a higher proportion of cancer diagnoses. However, no general pattern was found indicating that foreign-born patients were disadvantaged in the quality indicators measured in the present study. Perhaps, this is an indication that the palliative care in Sweden is individualized; nonetheless, the quality of end-of-life care would be higher if dying patients, regardless of country of birth, have better access to specialized palliative care.
THE CULTURAL ECOLOGY OF GUN VIOLENCE
Authors: Whaley Arthur L. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGun violence and related risk factors differ for African American and European Americans. However, there may be overlap in the psychosocial and contextual factors with respect to cultural processes related to gun violence in Black and White communities. The purpose of this article is to compare the culture of honor perspective associated with rural and suburban gun violence of European American males in the southern region to the code of the street value system ascribed to the gun violence of African American males in northern urban cities. The cultural values underlying gun violence will be reviewed in terms of cultural origins, family and community support, and ecological evidence. The central question is whether there are sufficient commonalities between the cultural ecology of the two value systems such that one has practice and policy implications for the other. The current analysis of culture-of-honor and code-of-the-street value systems vis-à-vis gun violence reveals several points of overlap in philosophy and function. Implications for policies and practices to prevent gun violence stemming from culture-of-honor and code-of-the-street value systems include (1) psychological interventions to address the perceived threats to the self; (2) neighborhood interventions to promote a sense of collective efficacy among residents; (3) addressing racial and economic inequality; (4) better gun control laws; and (5) media campaigns and interventions designed to change social and cultural norms for violence. It is important to note the pervasiveness of these value systems may vary by ethnicity and race which must be taken into consideration in violence prevention efforts.
Data‐Driven Clustering Reveals More Than 900 Small Magnitude Slow Earthquakes and Their Characteristics
Authors: Aiken C. , Obara K. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSmall magnitude slow earthquakes remain largely undetected in geodetic data due to noise levels. However, tremor and low‐frequency earthquakes (LFE) may manifest slowly slipping fault motion as a cluster of events, i.e., a slow earthquake. Here, we identify >900 slow earthquakes in southwest Japan via data‐driven clustering of tremor and LFE catalogs. We establish a more complete database for slow earthquakes in southwest Japan and demonstrate their characteristics and long‐term behavior. While sometimes sub‐episodes of well‐known episodic tremor and slip, the small slow earthquake clusters share similar scaling properties–energy, duration, and rupture area–with larger magnitude fast and slow earthquakes. The small slow earthquake clusters tend to rupture faster when migrating in their preferred rupture direction, but inter‐event rupture speeds are on average similar to those of larger slow earthquakes. This suggests that rupture speed does not necessarily control slow earthquake spatial extent or eventual magnitude.
Crustal Thinning From Orogen to Back‐Arc Basin: The Structure of the Pannonian Basin Region Revealed by P‐to‐S Converted Seismic Waves
Authors: Kalmár Dániel , Hetényi György , Balázs Attila , Bondár István ,   AlpArray Working Group
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe present the results of P‐to‐S receiver function analysis to improve the 3D image of the sedimentary layer, the upper crust, and lower crust in the Pannonian Basin area. The Pannonian Basin hosts deep sedimentary depocentres superimposed on a complex basement structure and it is surrounded by mountain belts. We processed waveforms from 221 three‐component broadband seismological stations. As a result of the dense station coverage, we were able to achieve so far unprecedented spatial resolution in determining the velocity structure of the crust. We applied a three‐fold quality control process; the first two being applied to the observed waveforms and the third to the calculated radial receiver functions. This work is the first comprehensive receiver function study of the entire region. To prepare the inversions, we performed station‐wise H‐Vp/Vs grid search, as well as Common Conversion Point migration. Our main focus was then the S‐wave velocity structure of the area, which we determined by the Neighborhood Algorithm inversion method at each station, where data were sub‐divided into back‐azimuthal bundles based on similar Ps delay times. The 1D, nonlinear inversions provided the depth of the discontinuities, shear‐wave velocities and Vp/Vs ratios of each layer per bundle, and we calculated uncertainty values for each of these parameters. We then developed a 3D interpolation method based on natural neighbor interpolation to obtain the 3D crustal structure from the local inversion results. We present the sedimentary thickness map, the first Conrad depth map and an improved, detailed Moho map, as well as the first upper and lower crustal thickness maps obtained from receiver function analysis. The velocity jump across the Conrad discontinuity is estimated at less than 0.2 km/s over most of the investigated area. We also compare the new Moho map from our approach to simple grid search results and prior knowledge from other techniques. Our Moho depth map presents local variations in the investigated area: the crust‐mantle boundary is at 20–26 km beneath the sedimentary basins, while it is situated deeper below the Apuseni Mountains, Transdanubian and North Hungarian Ranges (28–33 km), and it is the deepest beneath the Eastern Alps and the Southern Carpathians (40–45 km). These values reflect well the Neogene evolution of the region, such as crustal thinning of the Pannonian Basin and orogenic thickening in the neighboring mountain belts.
A Bayesian Inference‐Based Empirical Model for Scintillation Indices for High‐Latitude
Authors: Meziane K. , Kashcheyev A. , Jayachandran P. T. , Hamza A. M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSolar wind parameters, the solar radio flux index (F10.7), the Sun's declination and the SuperMAG Electrojet index are used to construct a Bayesian inference‐based empirical model for scintillation indices (S4 and σΦ) at high latitudes. For the present study, measurements from three Global Positioning System (GPS) L1 receivers located in the auroral zone, the cusp and in the polar cap are selected, respectively. The solar wind characteristics include the solar wind speed (VSW) and ram pressure (ρSW) as well as the Geocentric Solar Magnetospheric (GSM) By and the Bz components of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). Following a brief assessment on the independence of the variables (predictors), prior probabilities of occurrence in the case of a multinomial classification are constructed. Posterior‐probabilities are then deduced for any arbitrary set of predictors. We show that the model captures most variations seen in the measured indices whether they are associated or not with transient interplanetary events. Although the model tends to underestimate the actual phase index measurements, 95% of the validated events are predicted with an error less than 0.034 rad in σΦ. For the amplitude scintillation index, 5% of validated events have an error larger than 0.019.
Multistage Exhumation in the Catchment of the Anninghe River in the SE Tibetan Plateau: Insights From Both Detrital Thermochronology and Topographic Analysis
Authors: Wang Yizhou , Liu Chunru , Zheng Dewen , Zhang Huiping , Yu Jingxing , Pang Jianzhang , Li Chaopeng , Hao Yuqi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe roles of lower‐crustal flow and upper‐crustal shortening on the growth of the SE Tibetan Plateau remain under debate, which calls for a knowledge about regional exhumation history. We analyzed apatite fission track ages of modern sediments from both the east and west sub‐catchments along the Anninghe River, in the SE plateau. We obtained four age components, with peaks a bit younger in the east than in the west. Combing the asymmetric topography with higher relief in the east, we concluded a non‐uniform exhumation pattern. The components are at the Oligocene, late‐Miocene, Pliocene, and Pleistocene, mostly consistent with the timing for changes in catchment‐wide erosion rates as indicated by the inverse erosion history. We concluded that, in addition to the late‐Miocene lower‐crustal flow and Oligocene upper‐crustal shortening, the landscape in the SE plateau might also be under influences of fault strike‐slip transfer and drainage network reorganization.
Deformation of Antigorite and Its Geological Implications
Authors: Shao Tongbin , Zhou Yongsheng , Song Maoshuang , Ma Xi , Zhang Lei , Yao Wenming , Dang Jiaxiang , Li Jianfeng 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe deformation model of antigorite and its relationship to intermediate‐depth earthquakes are still controversial. Here, we conducted deformation experiments on foliated iron‐poor antigorite at confining pressures of 1,100–1,500 MPa, temperatures of 400–600°C, and axial displacement rates of 3.75 × 10−6–7.24 × 10−4 mm/s using a solid‐medium Griggs‐type apparatus. As the temperature and/or pressure increases, the stress exponent decreases, and all samples show stable fault slip. Microstructural observations show ductile behavior indicated by kinking and bending of the originally straight foliation, and brittle characteristics, such as Riedel shear, comminution, and microcracking. Therefore, antigorite deformation is controlled by a semibrittle regime. Antigorite decomposed to forsterite and enstatite in samples sheared at temperatures ≥550°C but not in samples triaxially compressed at 600°C. This observation, combined with phase boundary information, implies that the deformation geometry (e.g., triaxial compression or shear) may change the phase stability of antigorite. Following dehydration, samples still show stable fault slip, indicating that dehydration does not directly trigger earthquakes. In cold subduction zones, fine‐grained antigorite in the core of the shear zone likely induces seismic activity by producing water and talc (or a talc‐like phase) in the process of shear friction because such phases within the fault zone may reduce the rate dependence, thereby inducing unstable slip. The comparison of the semibrittle strengths of antigorite and dunite and the weak strain rate dependence of stress suggest that a thin antigorite layer immediately above the subducting slab is not sufficient to cause significant decoupling between the slab and the mantle wedge.
Terminal Suturing Between the Tarim Craton and the Yili‐Central Tianshan Arc: Insights From Mélange‐Ocean Plate Stratigraphy, Detrital Zircon Ages, and Provenance of the South Tianshan Accretionary Complex
Authors: Abuduxun Nijiati , Xiao Wenjiao , Windley Brian F. , Chen Yichao , Huang Peng , Sang Miao , Li Liang , Liu Xijun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNew field relations and U‐Pb ages of detrital zircons from Middle Devonian‐Upper Triassic sedimentary rocks in the South Tianshan constrain the time and style of terminal suturing between the Tarim Craton and the Yili‐Central Tianshan arc. The variety of mélange blocks set within diagnostic thrust‐imbricates demonstrates that basalts, limestones, cherts, and sandstones belong to the Ocean Plate Stratigraphy (OPS) of an accreted oceanic plate. The imbricated OPS structure is further confirmed by our observation of lateral juxtaposition of Lower Carboniferous meta‐sandstones and Upper Carboniferous sandstones. Detrital zircon ages from Middle Devonian to Lower‐Middle Triassic rocks show no input from the Tarim Craton, but rather derivation from the Yili‐Central Tianshan arc or from isolated seamounts/oceanic plateaus within the South Tianshan oceanic plate. The integrated field observations and sediment provenance indicate that these rocks belong to the South Tianshan accretionary complex. The Upper Triassic sandstones show a mixed provenance from the Tarim Craton and the Yili‐Central Tianshan arc suggesting that the final subduction of the South Tianshan oceanic plate lasted until its terminal collision to the Tarim craton in the Late Triassic. Our work not only supports continuous northward subduction of the South Tianshan oceanic plate, but also indicates that the cryptic terminal suture between the Tarim Craton and the Yili‐Central Tianshan arc is situated on the southern boundary of the South Tianshan accretionary complex, providing new constraints on the final amalgamation of the Altaid orogen. This multi‐disciplinary study demonstrates an optimum means of unraveling the complex framework and tectonic evolution of an accretionary orogen.
Prospective cohort study on hospitalised patients with suspected urinary tract infection and risk factors por multidrug resistance
Authors: Garcia-Bustos Victor , Escrig Ana Isabel Renau , López Cristina Campo , Estellés Rosario Alonso , Jerusalem Koen , Cabañero-Navalón Marta Dafne , Massó Victoria Morell , Sigona-Giangreco Ignacio-Antonio , Sahuquillo-Arce José Miguel , Hernández Iván Castro , Lletí Miguel Salavert 
Published: June 2021

AbstractUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections and a frequent cause for hospitalization in the elderly. The aim of our study was to analyse epidemiological, microbiological, therapeutic, and prognostic of elderly hospitalised patients with and to determine independent risk factors for multidrug resistance and its outcome implications. A single-centre observational prospective cohort analysis of 163 adult patients hospitalized for suspected symptomatic UTI in the Departments of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Short-Stay Medical Unit of a tertiary hospital was conducted. Most patients currently admitted to hospital for UTI are elderly and usually present high comorbidity and severe dependence. More than 55% met sepsis criteria but presented with atypical symptoms. Usual risk factors for multidrug resistant pathogens were frequent. Almost one out of five patients had been hospitalized in the 90 days prior to the current admission and over 40% of patients had been treated with antibiotic in the previous 90 days. Infection by MDR bacteria was independently associated with the previous stay in nursing homes or long-term care facilities (LTCF) (OR 5.8, 95% CI 1.17–29.00), permanent bladder catheter (OR 3.55, 95% CI 1.00–12.50) and urinary incontinence (OR 2.63, 95% CI 1.04–6.68). The degree of dependence and comorbidity, female sex, obesity, and bacteraemia were independent predictors of longer hospital stay. The epidemiology and presentation of UTIs requiring hospitalisation is changing over time. Attention should be paid to improve management of urinary incontinence, judicious catheterisation, and antibiotic therapy.
Tool heads prime saccades
Authors: Pilacinski Artur , De Haan Stella , Donato Rita , Almeida Jorge 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTools are wielded by their handles, but a lot of information about their function comes from their heads (the action-ends). Here we investigated whether eye saccadic movements are primed by tool handles, or whether they are primed by tool heads. We measured human saccadic reaction times while subjects were performing an attentional task. We found that saccades were executed quicker when performed to the side congruent with the tool head, even though “toolness” was irrelevant for the task. Our results show that heads are automatically processed by the visual system to orient eye movements, indicating that eyes are attracted by functional parts of manipulable objects and by the characteristic information these parts convey.