bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrogeochemical Response of a Variably Saturated Sulfide‐Bearing Mine Waste‐Rock Pile to Precipitation: A Field‐Scale Study in the Discontinuous Permafrost Region of Northern Canada
Authors: Bao Zhongwen , Bain Jeff , Holland Steven P. , Wilson David , Ptacek Carol J. , Blowes David W. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractGlobally, drainage from sulfide‐bearing waste‐rock piles, containing high concentrations of toxic metal(loid)s, can severely degrade surrounding ecosystems. Waste‐rock piles are typically deposited as unsaturated porous media. The complex physical and chemical heterogeneity of waste rock poses significant challenges to the evaluation of internal hydrological, (bio)geochemical, and mineralogical controls on the magnitude and duration of environmental impacts. An operational‐scale waste‐rock pile located in the discontinuous permafrost region of Northern Canada was well‐instrumented and monitored to examine hydrological processes (including precipitation, evaporation, and infiltration), hydrological and thermal responses to freeze‐thaw and dry‐wet cycles, and concentration‐discharge (cQ) relationships in drainage‐water quantity and quality. The net infiltration (subtraction of evaporation from precipitation) into the waste‐rock pile occurred from May to November, resulting in rainfall‐dominated recharge to pore water, surface seepage, and groundwater. Pronounced variations in water content and temperature in response to freeze‐thaw and dry‐wet cycles and variations in surface topography were observed in regions of the waste‐rock pile impacted by preferential flow pathways. In contrast, distinct variations in water content and temperature were not observed in regions of matrix‐dominated flow pathways. The cQ relationships show chemodynamically controlled dilution behavior for most dissolved constituents (e.g., SO4, Fe, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ca, Mn) in the drainage. Therefore, hydrological processes and (bio)geochemical and mineralogical reactions both play prominent roles in determining drainage‐water chemistry. This work presents an integrated approach to site‐specific monitoring and characterization to evaluate remediation and reclamation options for operational‐scale waste‐rock piles for long‐term ecosystem preservation.
Variability of human fasted venous plasma metabolomic profiles with tourniquet induced hemostasis
Authors: Devi Sarita , Pasanna Roshni M. , Nadiger Nikhil , Ghosh Santu , Kurpad Anura V. , Mukhopadhyay Arpita 
Published: December 2021

AbstractVenous plasma metabolomics is a potent and highly sensitive tool for identifying and measuring metabolites of interest in human health and disease. Accurate and reproducible insights from such metabolomic studies require extreme care in removing preanalytical confounders; one of these is the duration of tourniquet application when drawing the venous blood sample. Using an untargeted plasma metabolomics approach, we evaluated the effect of varying durations of tourniquet application on the variability in plasma metabolite concentrations in five healthy female subjects. Tourniquet application introduced appreciable variation in the metabolite abundances: 73% of the identified metabolites had higher temporal variation compared to interindividual variation [Intra-Class Correlation (ICC) > 0.50]. As such, we recommend tourniquet application for minimal duration and to wait for 5 min with the needle in situ after removing the tourniquet, to reduce hemostasis-induced variability and false flags in interpretation.
SATB1, genomic instability and Gleason grading constitute a novel risk score for prostate cancer
Authors: Dumke Christoph , Gemoll Timo , Oberländer Martina , Freitag-Wolf Sandra , Thorns Christoph , Glaessgen Axel , Klooster Rinse , van der Maarel Silvère M. , Widengren Jerker , Doehn Christian , Auer Gert , Habermann Jens K. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCurrent prostate cancer risk classifications rely on clinicopathological parameters resulting in uncertainties for prognostication. To improve individual risk stratification, we examined the predictive value of selected proteins with respect to tumor heterogeneity and genomic instability. We assessed the degree of genomic instability in 50 radical prostatectomy specimens by DNA-Image-Cytometry and evaluated protein expression in related 199 tissue-microarray (TMA) cores. Immunohistochemical data of SATB1, SPIN1, TPM4, VIME and TBB5 were correlated with the degree of genomic instability, established clinical risk factors and overall survival. Genomic instability was associated with a GS ≥ 7 (p = 0.001) and worse overall survival (p = 0.008). A positive SATB1 expression was associated with a GS ≤ 6 (p = 0.040), genomic stability (p = 0.027), and was a predictor for increased overall survival (p = 0.023). High expression of SPIN1 was also associated with longer overall survival (p = 0.048) and lower preoperative PSA-values (p = 0.047). The combination of SATB1 expression, genomic instability, and GS lead to a novel Prostate Cancer Prediction Score (PCP-Score) which outperforms the current D’Amico et al. stratification for predicting overall survival. Low SATB1 expression, genomic instability and GS ≥ 7 were identified as markers for poor prognosis. Their combination overcomes current clinical risk stratification regimes.
Kinetic control of nascent protein biogenesis by peptide deformylase
Authors: Bögeholz Lena A. K. , Mercier Evan , Wintermeyer Wolfgang , Rodnina Marina V. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSynthesis of bacterial proteins on the ribosome starts with a formylated methionine. Removal of the N-terminal formyl group is essential and is carried out by peptide deformylase (PDF). Deformylation occurs co-translationally, shortly after the nascent-chain emerges from the ribosomal exit tunnel, and is necessary to allow for further N-terminal processing. Here we describe the kinetic mechanism of deformylation by PDF of ribosome-bound nascent-chains and show that PDF binding to and dissociation from ribosomes is rapid, allowing for efficient scanning of formylated substrates in the cell. The rate-limiting step in the PDF mechanism is a conformational rearrangement of the nascent-chain that takes place after cleavage of the formyl group. Under conditions of ongoing translation, the nascent-chain is deformylated rapidly as soon as it becomes accessible to PDF. Following deformylation, the enzyme is slow in releasing the deformylated nascent-chain, thereby delaying further processing and potentially acting as an early chaperone that protects short nascent chains before they reach a length sufficient to recruit other protein biogenesis factors.
A nano phototheranostic approach of toluidine blue conjugated gold silver core shells mediated photodynamic therapy to treat diabetic foot ulcer
Authors: Akhtar Farheen , Khan Asad U. , Qazi Bushra , Kulanthaivel Senthilguru , Mishra Prashant , Akhtar Kafil , Ali Asif 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDiabetic foot infection caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria, is becoming serious problem. Moreover, polymicrobial biofilms contribute significantly to the persistent infections. In the present study, we investigated the effectiveness of novel toluidine blue conjugated chitosan coated gold–silver core–shell nanoparticles (TBO–chit–Au–AgNPs) mediated photodynamic therapy and demonstrate their use as a nontoxic antibacterial therapy to combat diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) caused by multi-drug resistant strains both in monomicrobial and polymicrobial state of infection. In vitro efficacy of TBO–chit–Au–AgNPs mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) against polymicrobial biofilms was determined using standard plate count method and compared with that of monomicrobial biofilms of each species. Different anti-biofilm assays and microscopic studies were performed to check the efficacy of TBO–chit–Au–AgNPs mediated PDT, displayed significant decrease in the formation of biofilm. Finally, its therapeutic potential was validated in vivo type-2DFU. Cytokines level was found reduced, using nano-phototheranostic approach, indicating infection control. Expression profile of growth factors confirmed both the pathogenesis and healing of DFU. Hence, we conclude that TBO–chit–Au–AgNPs mediated PDT is a promising anti-bacterial therapeutic approach which leads to a synergistic healing of DFU caused by MDR bacterial strains.
Living in a pandemic: changes in mobility routines, social activity and adherence to COVID-19 protective measures
Authors: Lucchini Lorenzo , Centellegher Simone , Pappalardo Luca , Gallotti Riccardo , Privitera Filippo , Lepri Bruno , De Nadai Marco 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNon-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs), aimed at reducing the diffusion of the COVID-19 pandemic, have dramatically influenced our everyday behaviour. In this work, we study how individuals adapted their daily movements and person-to-person contact patterns over time in response to the NPIs. We leverage longitudinal GPS mobility data of hundreds of thousands of anonymous individuals to empirically show and quantify the dramatic disruption in people’s mobility habits and social behaviour. We find that local interventions did not just impact the number of visits to different venues but also how people experience them. Individuals spend less time in venues, preferring simpler and more predictable routines, also reducing person-to-person contacts. Moreover, we find that the individual patterns of visits are influenced by the strength of the NPIs policies, the local severity of the pandemic and a risk adaptation factor, which increases the people’s mobility regardless of the stringency of interventions. Finally, despite the gradual recovery in visit patterns, we find that individuals continue to keep person-to-person contacts low. This apparent conflict hints that the evolution of policy adherence should be carefully addressed by policymakers, epidemiologists and mobility experts.
Discovery of new chiral sulfonamides bearing benzoxadiazole as HIF inhibitors for non-small cell lung cancer therapy: design, microwave-assisted synthesis, binding affinity,in vitroantitumoral activities andin silicostudies
Authors: Kahraman Demet Taşdemir , Karaküçük-İyidoğan Ayşegül , Saygideger Yasemin , Oruç-Emre Emine Elçin , Taskin-Tok Tugba , Başaran Eyüp , İlhan Sedat , Demir Burcu Saygıdeğer , Üren Aykut , Bayram Hasan 
Published: December 2021

Thirty-four chiral compounds having benzoxadiazole and sulfonamide moieties on the skeleton have been synthesized. The in vitro cytotoxic activity and apoptotic effects of these compounds have been evaluated using the A549 lung cancer cell line.
The 3D-structure-mediated growth of zero-dimensional Cs4SnX6 nanocrystals
Authors: Xu Kaimin , Wei Qi , Wang Hao , Yao Bing , Zhou Wenjia , Gao Rong , Chen Hao , Li Hansheng , Wang Jingtian , Ning Zhijun 
Published: December 2021

A 3D structure-mediated growth method is developed to synthesize high quality zero dimensional Cs4SnX6 nanocrystals.
From Speech Acoustics to Communicative Participation in Dysarthria: Toward a Causal Framework
Authors: Borrie Stephanie A. , Wynn Camille J. , Berisha Visar , Barrett Tyson S. 
Published: December 2021

Purpose:
We proposed and tested a causal instantiation of the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework, linking acoustics, intelligibility, and communicative participation in the context of dysarthria.

Method:

Speech samples and communicative participation scores were collected from individuals with dysarthria (
n
= 32). Speech was analyzed for two acoustic metrics (i.e., articulatory precision and speech rate), and an objective measure of intelligibility was generated from listener transcripts. Mediation analysis was used to evaluate pathways of effect between acoustics, intelligibility, and communicative participation.

Results:
We observed a strong relationship between articulatory precision and intelligibility and a moderate relationship between intelligibility and communicative participation. Collectively, data supported a significant relationship between articulatory precision and communicative participation, which was almost entirely mediated through intelligibility. These relationships were not significant when speech rate was specified as the acoustic variable of interest.

Conclusion:
The statistical corroboration of our causal instantiation of the ICF framework with articulatory acoustics affords important support toward the development of a comprehensive causal framework to understand and, ultimately, address restricted communicative participation in dysarthria.
Implementation of a DSP‐based speed‐sensorless adaptive control for permanent‐magnet synchronous motor drives with uncertain parameters using linear matrix inequality approach
Authors: Tsai Ming‐Fa , Tseng Chung‐Shi , Li Nan‐Sin , Jan Rong‐Maw 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper presents a novel speed sensorless adaptive control scheme for the uncertain permanent‐magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive system using a linear matrix equalities approach with a digital signal processing (DSP) chip. The dynamic model of the PMSM drive with eight error states based on the structure of speed estimator, speed and current controllers is developed. The speed controller, current controller and rotor speed and position estimators are considered simultaneously and designed together. In addition, a three‐parameter observer is also designed and the adaptive control law is derived in the light of Lyapunov stability theorem. The objective of this study is to determine the two estimation gains and the six control gains such that the closed‐loop system is stable. The stability condition of the system can be characterized in terms of some linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). The LMIs problem can be efficiently solved with the help of MATLAB simulation tool. Differently from the conventional proportional‐integral controller, a novel controller with a low‐pass filter instead of a pure integrator is proposed. By a suitable adjustment for a design parameter, the steady‐state error can also be improved. Numerical solutions of the controller and the estimator gains and simulation examples are provided to illustrate the design procedure and corresponding performances. The experimental results by using a TI TMS320F28335 DSP chip with the speed reference 400, 700, 1000 RPM, respectively and sudden change of the reference demonstrate the performance of the proposed control scheme.
Study of improved signal‐based merge strategy in work zone areas based on Cellular Automata simulation
Authors: Duan Ke , Yan Xuedong , Hang Junyu , Li Xiaomeng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWork zones have critical effects on traffic safety and efficiency. Previous researchers have developed lots of merge strategies to regulate drivers’ behaviours, which can be divided into early merge and late merge. As a special kind of late merge, signal‐based merge strategy was proposed in recent years to reduce traffic conflicts and increase throughput at bottlenecks. Although traffic signal has been confirmed to improve the traffic in work zone areas effectively, the existing strategy still has limitations that require further improvements. In this research, an improved signal‐based merge (IM) strategy was proposed to fulfil the research gaps. The strategy included a calculation method of green time considering the relationship between arrival traffic and the bottleneck's capacity and a dynamic signal‐phase conversion method. Based on the Cellular Automata simulation, the effectiveness of the IM strategy was verified through parameter sensitive analysis and comparative study with the existing merge strategies. The results showed that the IM strategy could lead to greater throughputs, lower traffic delays, less aggressive merge and more balanced queue length. Furthermore, the IM strategy also showed great stability in response to the changes of parameters and the imbalance of arrival traffic. Overall, the proposed IM strategy is considered more effective in improving the traffic management in work zone areas and is feasible to be applied in practice.
Moving target detection and tracking with multiplatform radar network (MRN)
Authors: Geng Zhe , Wang Beining , Yan He , Zhang Jindong , Zhu Daiyin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA multiplatform radar network (MRN) composed of multiple transmitting and receiving facilities is advantageous over monostatic radar in moving target detection (MTD) and tracking due to the diversity gain. Within the framework of the Internet of Battlefield Things (IoBT), the authors propose that the airborne platforms equipped with the cognitive multimodal radar (CMR), the subarray‐based MIMO radar (SMR), the active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar, and the adaptive radar countermeasures (ARC) should team up in target detection and tracking. To obtain better target detection and tracking performance, the probing signals from the CMR, the SMR, and the AESA radar are adaptively optimised based on the scenario under consideration. The ARC consists of two parts: 1) RF signal sensing and recognition with deep neural network (DNN), that is, to detect, identify, and localise multiple radio frequency emitters; 2) intelligent fake return creation and jamming to confuse the enemy radars in real time in the field. This work aims to serve as a good reference for future researchers interested in developing MRN with diverse nodes and the general teaming of radars on the battlefield.
Color Doppler Ultrasound versus Computed Tomography Angiography for Preoperative Anterolateral Thigh Flap Perforator Imaging: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Moore Reece , Mullner Donna , Nichols Georgina , Scomacao Isis , Herrera Fernando 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background The anterolateral thigh (ALT) perforator flap is a commonly used flap with a predictable, though often variable, perforator anatomy. Preoperative imaging with color Doppler ultrasound (CDU) and computed tomography angiography (CTA) of ALT flap perforators can be a useful tool for flap planning. This study provides a complete review and analysis of the relevant preoperative ALT imaging literature.
Methods Studies related to preoperative CDU and CTA imaging were reviewed, and information related to imaging method, sensitivity, false-positive rates, and perforator course identification (musculocutaneous vs. septocutaneous) were analyzed.
Results A total of 23 studies related to preoperative ALT flap CDU and CTA imaging were included for review and analysis. Intraoperative perforator identification was compared with those found preoperatively using CDU (n = 672) and CTA (n = 531). Perforator identification sensitivity for CDU was 95.3% (95% CI: 90.9–97.6%) compared with the CTA sensitivity of 90.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 74.4–96.9%). The false-positive rate for CDU was 2.8% (95% CI: 1.1–4.5%) compared with 2.4% (95% CI: 0.7–4.1%) for CTA. Accuracy of perforator course identification was 95.5% (95% CI: 93.6–99.2%) for CDU and 96.9% (95% CI: 92.7–100.1%) for CTA.
Conclusion CDU provides the reconstructive surgeon with greater preoperative perforator imaging sensitivity compared with CTA; however, false-positive rates are marginally higher with preoperative CDU. Preoperative imaging for ALT flap design is an effective tool, and the reconstructive surgeon should consider the data presented here when selecting a flap imaging modality.
Homemade-HEMT-based transimpedance amplifier for high-resolution shot-noise measurements
Authors: Shimizu Takase , Hashisaka Masayuki , Bohuslavskyi Heorhii , Akiho Takafumi , Kumada Norio , Katsumoto Shingo , Muraki Koji 
Published: December 2021

We report a cryogenic transimpedance amplifier (TA) suitable for cross-correlation current-noise measurements. The TA comprises homemade high-electron-mobility transistors with high transconductance and low noise characteristics, fabricated in an AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructure. The low input-referred noise and wide frequency band of the TA lead to a high resolution in current-noise measurements. The TA’s low input impedance suppresses unwanted crosstalk between two distinct currents from a sample, justifying the advantage of the TA for cross-correlation measurements. We demonstrate the high resolution of a TA-based experimental setup by measuring the shot noise generated at a quantum point contact in a quantum Hall system.
Elements of Stochastic Methods
Authors: Gardiner Crispin 
Published: December 2021

This book provides a compact practical exposition of the stochastic methods and their applications for a wide range of fields, including population dynamics, infectious diseases, financial modeling, hydrology, physics, quantum optics, chemistry, and many others. The aim is to give practitioners an idea of how to formulate their current problem stochastically, and how to get an idea of what the predictions of such modeling are.
Elements of Stochastic Methods features:A treatment based on Markov processes, including an outline of their theoretical foundations, and a description of basic algorithms for simulating Markov processesA straightforward and practical formulation of stochastic differential equations and Ito calculus, including simulation methodsHeavy-tailed processes, Mandelbrot's fractional Brownian motion, as well as the more traditional diffusion and jump processes
This book is an essential resource for researchers, professionals, and graduate students in physics and in any field where random processes are relevant.
Non-commutative methods in additive combinatorics and number theory
Authors: Shkredov I. D. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The survey is devoted to applications of growth in non- Abelian groups to a number of problems in number theory and additive combinatorics. We discuss Zaremba’s conjecture, sum-product theory, incidence geometry, the affine sieve, and some other questions.
Bibliography: 149 titles.