bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Domain analysis: Research‐based reverse design for languages for specific purposes
Authors: Lear Darcy 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study introduces an evidence‐centered approach to reverse design for languages for specific purposes (LSP) courses called domain analysis. The article describes the research framework and its potential to provide consistent empirical rigor to the necessarily decentralized field of LSP by reporting on one study using domain analysis in the legal Spanish context. The research questions examine the parameters of the domain under study—legal Spanish for law students at one university—and the target functional outcomes for those students. The results included parameters that were limited to public interest law in the U.S. context. Eight topic areas emerged as central to that context and functional outcomes were identified for reading, listening, and speaking. Though sight translation was a necessary skill, writing was not needed in the domain.
Sampling frequency, duration and the Southern Oscillation influence the ability of long‐term studies to detect sudden change
Authors: Hewitt Judi E. , Bulmer Richard H. , Stephenson Fabrice , Thrush Simon F. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEcologists have long acknowledged the importance of context dependency related to position along spatial gradients. It is also acknowledged that broad‐scale climate patterns can directly and indirectly alter population dynamics. What is not often addressed is whether climate patterns such as the Southern Oscillation interact with population‐level temporal patterns and affect the ability of time‐series data, such as long‐term state of the environment monitoring programmes, to detect change. Monitoring design criteria generally focus on number of data points, sampling frequency and duration, often derived from previous information on species seasonal and multi‐year temporal patterns. Our study questioned whether the timing of any changes relative to Southern Oscillation, interacting with species populations dynamics, would also be important. We imposed a series of simulated reductions on macrofaunal abundance data collected regularly over 29 years from two sites, using species selected for observed differences in temporal dynamics. We hypothesized that (1) high within‐year sampling frequency would increase detection ability for species with repeatable seasonality cycles and (2) timing of the reduction in abundance relative to the Southern Oscillation was only likely to affect detection ability for long‐lived species with multi‐year cyclic patterns in abundance. However, regardless of species population dynamics, we found both within‐year sampling frequency and the timing of the imposed reduction relative to the Southern Oscillation Index affected detection ability. The latter result, while apparently demonstrating a confounding influence on monitoring, offers the opportunity to improve our ability to detect and interpret analyses of monitoring data, and thus our ability to make recommendations to managers.
Diverging Antarctic heritage discourses: The geopolitical ramifications of non‐state actor engagement with the ‘state‐sanctioned’ version of Antarctic heritage
Authors: Hingley Rebecca 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe governance of heritage in Antarctica has always been centred on the nation‐state and the dissemination of its Antarctic narrative both within the state and between states. However, non‐state actors outside of the state offer alternative conceptions of Antarctic heritage. What are the geopolitical consequences of their engagement with objects and places of heritage on and around the frozen continent? Are non‐state actors accounted for within the current, official, and dominant discourse on heritage under the Antarctic Treaty System? These questions align with a broader enquiry into the System’s capacity to adequately account for non‐state actors and their increasing presence in the polar region 60 years on from the signing of the 1959 Antarctic Treaty. To better understand the nature of non‐state actors’ interaction with Antarctic heritage and the conditions under which it occurs, this paper will investigate how three non‐state actors conceive of and engage with Antarctic heritage: the tourism industry, environmental activists, and individuals. It will then consider the implications of their engagement with Antarctic heritage under the current framework for heritage management, before considering the potential obstacles the System may encounter within this governing space in the future.
Narratives of life‐maneuvering in reshaping new living space during Covid‐19: A case study of women activist in Manggarai Region, Eastern Indonesia
Authors: Regus Maksimus 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAt different levels, the COVID‐19 pandemic affects private living spaces and social communities. The negative impacts affect women since the response models are an interesting and important issue. In Indonesia, the pandemic with its social distancing protocols depressed the daily lives of women activists. Therefore, this study aims to record women activists' life maneuvers narrative in reshaping new living spaces based on a case study in the Manggarai Region, Eastern Indonesia. Furthermore, this study consists of several essential parts; introduction, methodology, findings discussions, and conclusion.
“God blessed me with employers who don't starve their helpers”: Food insecurity and dehumanization in domestic work
Authors: Ham Julie , Ceradoy Aaron 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis paper explores the intercorporeal dimensions of dehumanization in intimate labor through the control of food for domestic workers by employers. The concept of dehumanization, or “the denial of full humanness to others” (Haslam, 2006) offers a useful framework for understanding the spectrum of harms that workers may experience, including those that may be legible as criminal offenses as well as harms that may be woven into the day‐to‐day management of private households. We argue that food insecurity offers a fruitful lens for understanding how intercorporeal relations are shaped through workers' bodies. This analysis starts with an examination of dehumanizing food practices, based on interviews with 48 Filipina and Indonesian domestic workers. This is followed by an analysis of domestic workers' resistance to dehumanization and concludes with a discussion of the potential of food practices in rehumanizing domestic work.
A special fund for gender equality? Institutional constraints and gendered consequences in Swedish collective bargaining
Authors: Erikson Josefina 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSweden is often described as one of the world's most gender‐equal societies, but the gender pay gap nevertheless remains large. In 2007, a special gender‐equality fund that targeted women workers was successfully implemented in the collective bargaining agreement. Although it decreased the gender pay gap, it was controversial and has never been employed since. The aim of this article is to increase knowledge concerning the conditions for such “gender‐equality bargaining” through a detailed empirical case study. An in‐depth study of the bargaining process casts light on how the institutional features of bargaining have changed after 2007 in a way that significantly restricts further attempts to make relative wage changes in gender‐segregated labor markets. The findings indicate that increased employer coordination and a strong industry norm appear to hinder gender‐equality initiatives.
Glycosyltransferase Jhp0106 (PseE) contributes to flagellin maturation in Helicobacterpylori
Authors: Yang Kai‐Yuan , Kao Cheng‐Yen , Su Marcia Shu‐Wei , Wang Shuying , Chen Yueh‐Lin , Hu Shiau‐Ting , Chen Jenn‐Wei , Teng Ching‐Hao , Tsai Pei‐Jane , Wu Jiunn‐Jong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundFlagella‐mediated motility is both a crucial virulence determinant of Helicobacter pylori and a factor associated with gastrointestinal diseases. Flagellar formation requires flagellins to be glycosylated with pseudaminic acid (Pse), a process that has been extensively studied. However, the transfer of Pse to flagellins remains poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study is to characterize a putative glycosyltransferase jhp0106 in flagellar formation.Materials and MethodsWestern blotting and chemical deglycosylation were performed to examine FlaA glycosylation. Protein structural analyses were executed to identify the active site residues of Jhp0106, while the Jhp0106‐FlaA interaction was examined using a bacterial two‐hybrid assay. Lastly, site‐directed mutants with mutated active site residues in the jhp0106 gene were generated and investigated using a motility assay, Western blotting, cDNA‐qPCR analysis, and electron microscopic examination.ResultsLoss of flagellar formation in the Δjhp0106 mutant was confirmed to be associated with non‐glycosylated FlaA. Furthermore, three active site residues of Jhp0106 (S350, F376, and E415) were identified within a potential substrate‐binding region. The interaction between FlaA and Jhp0106, Jhp0106::S350A, Jhp0106::F376A, or Jhp0106::E415A was determined to be significant. As well, the substitution of S350A, F376A, or E415A in the site‐directed Δjhp0106 mutants resulted in impaired motility, deficient FlaA glycosylation, and lacking flagella. However, these phenotypic changes were regardless of flaA expression, implying an indefinite proteolytic degradation of FlaA occurred.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that Jhp0106 (PseE) binds to FlaA mediating FlaA glycosylation and flagellar formation. Our discovery of PseE has revealed a new glycosyltransferase family responsible for flagellin glycosylation in pathogens.
“Helicobacter pylori in familial mediterranean fever: A series of 120 patients from literature and from france”
Authors: Lacout Carole , Savey Léa , Bourguiba Rim , Giurgea Irina , Amselem Serge , Hoyeau Nadia , Galland Joris , Amiot Xavier , Grateau Gilles , Ducharme‐Bénard Stéphanie , Georgin‐Lavialle Sophie 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionFamilial Mediterranean Fever (FMF), the most common monogenic auto‐inflammatory disease, is characterized by recurrent febrile abdominal pain. Helicobacter pylori infection (HPI), one of the most frequent infections worldwide, can mimic an FMF attack.ObjectivesIdentify FMF patients with HPI in a cohort of French FMF patients and the literature and identify features allowing to distinguish HPI from an FMF attack.MethodsA retrospective study of all HPI cases was performed on the cohort of FMF patients fulfilling the Livneh criteria from the French Reference Center for rare Auto‐Inflammatory Diseases and Amyloidosis (CEREMAIA). A systematic literature review of HPI in FMF patients was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines.ResultsEight French patients developed HPI, whose symptoms of epigastralgia, diarrhea, anorexia/weight loss, and nausea/vomiting differed from their typical abdominal FMF attacks. A total of 112 FMF patients with HPI have been described in the literature, including 61 adults. Diagnosis of HPI was made by gastroscopy (n = 43), labelled urea test (n = 55) or IgG serology by ELISA (n = 12). When performed, C‐reactive protein was always elevated. Ten cases of interaction between colchicine and antibiotic therapy for HPI (clarithromycin (n = 9) and azithromycin (n = 1)) were reported.ConclusionWe described a total of 120 patients with typical FMF and HPI. When FMF patients develop atypical abdominal symptoms, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with biopsies is essential to eliminate underlying HPI. Untreated HPI can lead to misdiagnosis of colchicine resistance with inappropriate prescription of an interleukin‐1 inhibitor at a non‐negligible cost.
The mediating role of regulatory emotional self‐efficacy on negative emotions during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Sui Weijing , Gong Xiaoyan , Zhuang Yiyu 
Published: February 2021

AbstractNurses exposed to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) are psychologically stressed. This study examines the characteristics and distribution of negative emotions among Chinese nurses during the COVID‐19 pandemic and explores regulatory emotional self‐efficacy (RESE) as the underlying mechanism in the relationship between nurses' personalities and negative emotions. A cross‐sectional design with convenience sampling was utilized. Three comprehensive tertiary hospitals located in China were selected. Nurses (n = 339) who cared for COVID‐19 patients were enrolled. Recruitment was conducted between 14 February 2020 and 1 March 2020. Self‐reported questionnaires about personality, RESE, and epidemic‐related negative emotions were completed online. A correlation analysis, structural equation modelling, and the bootstrapping method were used to analyse the data. This study identified a 24.9% incidence of negative emotions in nurses. RESE was a significant mediator explaining the effect of personality on epidemic‐related negative emotions. RESE mediated the effect of introversion–extroversion on depression (β = −0.151, P = 0.015), neuroticism (β = −0.182, P = 0.007), fear (β = −0.142, P = 0.006), anxiety (β = −0.189, P = 0.015), and hypochondria (β = −0.118, P = 0.010); it also mediated the effect of neuroticism on depression (β = 0.313, P = 0.002), neuroticism (β = 0.394, P = 0.003), fear (β = 0.345, P = 0.005), anxiety (β = 0.384, P = 0.003), and hypochondria (β = 0.259, P = 0.004). Nurses caring for COVID‐19 patients displayed negative emotions, particularly emotionally unstable and introverted nurses with a low RESE level. RESE is often essential for interventions because it significantly influences the relationship between personality and negative emotions. In the event of a major outbreak, tailored psychological well‐being education, which includes emotional self‐efficacy strategies, should be provided by organizations to help nurses manage stress related to the outbreak.
Supercritical fluid extraction with cosolvent of alkaloids from Lupinus mutabilis Sweet and comparison with conventional method
Authors: Rosas‐Quina Yessica Estefany , Mejía‐Nova Fernando Carlos 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of supercritical fluid extraction with cosolvent (SFE‐co) as an alternative process in the extraction of lupin alkaloids. A sample of crushed Lupinus mutabilis Sweet seeds, with a high content of alkaloids, was treated using aqueous extraction (AQE) and SFE‐co, where the effect of the operating conditions and the solvent in the SFE‐co were evaluated applying a factorial design. Results showed that both methods reduced the content of total alkaloids in the lupin seed, ensuring its safe consumption. SFE‐co got an extraction yield (39.19 ± 0.14 mg/g) comparable with AQE (39.22 ± 0.16 mg/g) at a temperature of 323 K, a pressure of 27 MPa, using as a solvent supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) and dilute ethanol solution, but limited to a fraction of the treated sample. SFE‐co, unlike AQE, was able to keep the nutritional value of the lupin seeds, reducing the time process from 235 hr (AQE) to 2.5 hr, assuring the non‐use of an excessive amount of water and hazardous solvents. Moreover, the fractions formed in the extraction vessel by SFE‐co allowed the understanding of the extraction mechanism of different components from a complex matrix related to their chemical polarity.Practical ApplicationsThis study shows that it is possible to remove lupin alkaloids with green technology as supercritical fluid extraction with cosolvents, reaching extraction yields comparable with the conventional method (aqueous extraction), keeping the nutritional value of the sample, saving time and resources. However, working with a larger quantity of material than the usual used in a laboratory showed an inhomogeneous extraction of alkaloids from the sample, limiting the optimal extraction yield to one of the fractions formed. This reveals a future problem in the use of this technology at an industrial level, where the characteristics of the extracts are not only important but also the material treated since, in the lupin industry, the debittered seed and the released alkaloids are useful in the food and pharmaceutical industries, respectively.
Who owns the mud? Valuable leftovers, sociotechnical innovation and changing relations of production in artisanal gold mining (Burkina Faso)
Authors: Lanzano Cristiano , Arnaldi di Balme Luigi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe expansion of artisanal gold mining has contributed to agrarian change in most of the global South—including West Africa: the sector offers interesting examples of technological and socio‐economic change, reflecting broader dynamics in the political economy of mining. In this article, we rely on our multisited ethnography to show how innovations in gold processing—particularly, the shift from mercury‐based to cyanide‐based techniques—reconfigured power relations and organizational patterns in the artisanal mining sector in Burkina Faso. We show that, in the context of structural transformations and pressure from powerful actors, the mechanisms of value creation, the definition of property rights and the relations of production remained open for negotiation and redefinition. Bringing attention to new scenarios opened by the shift to cyanide for processing gold—a transformative factor in many gold mining areas across the world—our analysis contributes to a broader reflection on the nexus between the trajectories of sociotechnical innovation and the ongoing power struggles in the informal economies of resource extraction.
Comparison of CPAP and oxygen therapy for treatment of postoperative hypoxaemia in dogs
Authors: Stabile M. , Lacitignola L. , Piemontese M. R. , Di Bella C. , Acquafredda C. , Grasso S. , Crovace A. M. , Gomez de Segura I. A. , Staffieri F. 
Published: February 2021

ObjectiveTo compare 5 cmH2O of continuous positive airway pressure with oxygen therapy in dogs recovering from general anaesthesia with low SpO2 values. continuous positive airway pressure is more effective than oxygen therapy in restoring normoxaemia (SpO2≥95%).Materials and MethodsProspectively, dogs recovering from anaesthesia, with SpO2<95% after extubation (T0), were randomised and treated with continuous positive airway pressure (FiO2 0.21) or oxygen (O2; FiO2 0.35‐0.40) therapy. Dogs were monitored with SpO2 every 15 minutes for 1 hour (T15, T30, T45, T60). Data from normoxaemic dogs (SpO2>95%) were used as control (CTR).ResultsOf the 42 dogs enrolled, 34 completed the study. Eleven dogs were treated with O2, 10 with continuous positive airway pressure and 13 were CTR. The SpO2 values at T0 were similar in the continuous positive airway pressure and O2 groups and were lower than in the CTR group. At T15, T30, T45 and T60, the SpO2 values in the continuous positive airway pressure group were higher than at T0; these were similar to those of the CTR group at the same time‐points. In the O2 group, SpO2 values were significantly higher at T45 and T60 than at T0; 45.5% of dogs became normoxaemic at T45 and the remaining dogs became normoxaemic at T60. The average time to reach normoxaemia in the O2 group (53.1±7.3 minutes) was longer than in the continuous positive airway pressure group (15.0±0.0 minutes).Clinical SignificanceIn dogs recovering from general anaesthesia with pulmonary gas exchange impairment, normoxaemia is restored more effectively and rapidly by using continuous positive airway pressure than by oxygen therapy.
Clinical findings for dogs undergoing elective and nonelective cholecystectomies for gall bladder mucoceles
Authors: Friesen S. L. , Upchurch D. A. , Hollenbeck D. L. , Roush J. K. 
Published: February 2021

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to describe elective and nonelective post‐cholecystectomy complications and mortality rates in dogs with a gall bladder mucocele. The secondary purpose was to report complications and mortality rates for different methods of common bile duct catheterisation.Materials and MethodsA multi‐institutional retrospective case series was performed to identify dogs with a gall bladder mucocele between 2004 and 2018 that underwent a cholecystectomy. Dogs were classified into nonelective or elective based on the presence or absence, respectively, of gall bladder rupture, biliary duct distension, clinical signs or hyperbilirubinemia. Each cholecystectomy was classified into three groups: duodenotomy and retrograde catheterisation, normograde catheterisation or no catheterisation. Complications were divided into four grades based on increasing severity and mortality rates were assessed for each.ResultsThe mortality rate was 2 (6%) out of 31 for dogs undergoing an elective cholecystectomy and 21 (23%) out of 90 for dogs undergoing a nonelective cholecystectomy. The complication rate was 52% for the elective cholecystectomy and 50% for nonelective cholecystectomy. The majority of the complications in the elective category were grade 1 (mild). Post‐operative hyperthermia developed in 35% of dogs that had a duodenotomy and retrograde common bile duct catheterisation, in 4% of dogs with a normograde common bile duct catheterisation and in 7% of dogs that did not have the common bile duct catheterised.Clinical SignificanceElective cholecystectomy in dogs with a gall bladder mucocele in this study carried a low mortality rate and a relatively high frequency of minor complications.
Hepatitis C treatment in a co‐located mental health and alcohol and drug service using a nurse‐led model of care
Authors: Harney Brendan L. , Brereton Rebecca , Whitton Bradley , Pietrzak Danusia , Paige Emma , Roberts Stuart K. , Birks Susanne , Saraf Sudeep , Hellard Margaret E. , Doyle Joseph S. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHepatitis C virus (HCV) is more prevalent among people with experience of severe mental illness compared to the general population, due in part to higher levels of injecting drug use. Delivering HCV care through mental health services may reduce barriers to care and improve outcomes. A nurse‐led HCV program was established in a co‐located mental health and addiction service in Melbourne, Australia. People with a history of injecting drug use, including current use, were referred for HCV testing by nurses, with support provided on‐site from a general practitioner and remotely from infectious disease and hepatology specialists. A nurse practitioner, general practitioner or specialists were able to prescribe HCV treatment. One‐hundred and thirty people were referred to the nurse‐led service, among whom 112 (86%) were engaged in care. Of those 112, 84 (75%) were found to have detectable HCV RNA, 70 (83%) commenced treatment; 28 (40%) prescriptions were nurse initiated, 19 (27%) were general practitioner initiated and 20 (29%) were prescribed from hospital clinics or elsewhere. All people with an SVR result (48/70) achieved HCV cure (intention to treat SVR 69%, per‐protocol SVR 100%). Treatment commencement was highest among people prescribed opioid agonist therapy (28/29, 96%) compared to those who were not (18/26, 69%). In conclusion, a nurse‐led, HCV service for people with severe mental illness including pathways to specialist support when needed can achieve high treatment uptake and cure. Further implementation work is required to improve treatment uptake, particularly among people not prescribed opioid agonist therapy, and to improve follow‐up for SVR testing.