bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Challenges and Opportunities of Industrial Revolution 4.0 in Renewable Energy Sector of Pakistan: Case Study
Authors: Hamza Muhammad , Khan Ahmed Muddassir 
Published: July 2021

Nowadays, renewable power generation has transformed to an important substitute to conventional power generation and severe the energy crisis of present-days. Apace thriving manufacturing division is swelling day by day and their energy marketability is also advancing. The potential of renewable energy is inclining every year, so the integration pace of renewable power in the system has inclined. However, influenced by meteorological and environmental terms and conditions the efficiency of renewable power generation often switches randomly, which disturbs the balance of power and voltage tenacity of power system. Also power precent is a giant contributor in green house gas emissions. United nation 17 sustainable development goals encourage enhancing the capability of power generation by utilizing industrial revolution 4.0 features. Industrial revolution 4.0 main factors are eco friendly and free gas emissions energy. Due to the renewable energy regulation introduced by the government under Alternative Energy Development Board to generate electricity from natural resources rather than fossil fuel. In this frame work industrial revolution 4.0 facilitate for extensive integration of renewable power into the network which is a massive task for power system operators and also for renewable energy farms to dispatch the power and taking critical actions. Industrial revolution 4.0 provides different pillars to overcome these issues likewise interoperability connects machine, objects and humans through internet of things to make smart grids. Uncertainty is the biggest challenge in renewable energy which can’t be eliminated but it can be manageable by virtualization. Through cyber physical system, computational proficiency and physical assets are interconnected for transformation advancement in the system, smart decision acquire to form a reliable and accurate data.
Multi-variate factorisation of numerical simulations
Authors: Lunt Daniel J. , Chandan Deepak , Haywood Alan M. , Lunt George M. , Rougier Jonathan C. , Salzmann Ulrich , Schmidt Gavin A. , Valdes Paul J. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Factorisation (also known as “factor separation”) is widely used in the analysis of numerical simulations. It allows changes in properties of a system to be attributed to changes in multiple variables associated with that system. There are many possible factorisation methods; here we discuss three previously proposed factorisations that have been applied in the field of climate modelling: the linear factorisation, the Stein and Alpert (1993) factorisation, and the Lunt et al. (2012) factorisation. We show that, when more than two variables are being considered, none of these three methods possess all four properties of “uniqueness”, “symmetry”, “completeness”, and “purity”. Here, we extend each of these factorisations so that they do possess these properties for any number of variables, resulting in three factorisations – the “linear-sum” factorisation, the “shared-interaction” factorisation, and the “scaled-residual” factorisation. We show that the linear-sum factorisation and the shared-interaction factorisation reduce to be identical in the case of four or fewer variables, and we conjecture that this holds for any number of variables. We present the results of the factorisations in the context of three past studies that used the previously proposed factorisations.
Systematic review of risk prediction studies in bone and joint infection: are modifiable prognostic factors useful in predicting recurrence?
Authors: Dudareva Maria , Hotchen Andrew , McNally Martin A. , Hartmann-Boyce Jamie , Scarborough Matthew , Collins Gary 
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Background:
Classification systems for orthopaedic infection include patient health
status, but there is no consensus about which comorbidities affect prognosis. Modifiable factors including substance use, glycaemic control, malnutrition
and obesity may predict post-operative recovery from infection.
Aim:
This systematic review aimed (1) to critically appraise clinical prediction
models for individual prognosis following surgical treatment for orthopaedic
infection where an implant is not retained; (2) to understand the usefulness
of modifiable prognostic factors for predicting treatment success.
Methods:
EMBASE and MEDLINE databases were searched for clinical prediction and
prognostic studies in adults with orthopaedic infections. Infection
recurrence or re-infection after at least 6 months was the primary outcome.
The estimated odds ratios for the primary outcome in participants with
modifiable prognostic factors were extracted and the direction of the effect reported.
Results:
Thirty-five retrospective prognostic cohort studies of 92 693 patients were
included, of which two reported clinical prediction models. No studies were
at low risk of bias, and no externally validated prediction models were identified. Most focused on prosthetic joint infection. A positive
association was reported between body mass index and infection recurrence in
19 of 22 studies, similarly in 8 of 14 studies reporting smoking history and 3 of 4 studies reporting alcohol intake. Glycaemic control and
malnutrition were rarely considered.
Conclusion:
Modifiable aspects of patient health appear to predict outcomes after surgery for orthopaedic infection. There is a need to understand which factors may
have a causal effect. Development and validation of clinical prediction
models that include participant health status will facilitate treatment
decisions for orthopaedic infections.
O stawaniu się dobrym człowiekiem: wąskie dyspozycje i stabilność cnoty
Authors: Kamtekar Rachana 
Published: July 2021

Trwa dyskusja na temat tego, czy i w jakim stopniu można nauczyć się procesów automatycznych i nierozumnych motywów, kierujących większością spośród naszych działań. W swoim artykule skupiam się na trzech kwestiach, którym moim zdaniem nie poświęca się należytej uwagi we współczesnym dyskursie. Po pierwsze, nasze zainteresowanie tym, by stać się dobrymi (jak najlepszymi) ludźmi, należy oddzielić od zainteresowania tym, by być lepszym niż inni lub ogół, a skoro tak, to musimy uważać z powoływaniem się na pewne badania z zakresu psychologii eksperymentalnej, gdyż wiele publikacji z tego zakresu przyjmuje, że cnota jest czymś wyróżniającym. Zamiast traktować cnotę jako coś wyróżniającego pewnych ludzi spośród innych, powinniśmy postrzegać ją jako czynnik korygujący niektóre ludzkie skłonności destruktywne dla osobistego i społecznego dobra. Po drugie, zwracam uwagę, że koncepcja, zgodnie z którą cnota może rozwinąć się z sytuacyjnych dyspozycji na drodze ich przemyślanego uogólniania i zespalania z innymi podobnymi dyspozycjami, musi zmierzyć się z trudnościami z wprowadzaniem jej w życie. Po trzecie, proponuję, żebyśmy zamiast poszukiwać ogólnego przepisu na rozwinięcie pożądanych dyspozycji skupili się na przyczynach stabilności bądź niestabilności każdej z tych dyspozycji z osobna.
Risks and threats as system-forming categories of state control and supervision
Authors: Maslov K. V. , Matnenko A. S. 
Published: July 2021

The subject. The key characteristics of risks and threats in state control context are researched comprehensively.The purpose of the article is to confirm or disprove hypothesis that threats and risks should be the basis for determining the content of other elements of the system of state control and supervision.The methodology. The authors use the formal legal interpretation of normative acts, as well as systemic approach and analysis of philosophical literature, concepts of the security the-ory and monographs in different branches of law.The main results, scope of application. The relationship between the concepts of "threats" and "risks" is determined, and their author's definitions are proposed. A threat in control and supervisory activities is a set of events or acts that cause or are capable of causing damage to socially significant values. Risks are such threats to socially significant values, which are expressed in the actions of participants of social relations. Risks are associated with an incorrect assessment of the objective situation and can lead to harm with varying degrees of probability. The categories "risk" (in the negative aspect) and "threat" highlight two facets of the same entity. When describing malicious phenomena as threats, attention is focused on the possibility of causing harm as an integral attribute of such phenomena. Understanding them as risks allows us to give a quantitative description of the probability of occurrence of harmful consequences of the impact of a particular act on the protected object. Problems are identified in the reflection of the essential characteristics of risks and threats in the current legislation on state control (supervision) and in the new Federal Law of 31.07.2020 No. 248-FZ "On State Control (Supervision) and Municipal Control in the Russian Federation". The analysis of the Russian legislation shows that there is no comprehensive approach to fixing the essential characteristics of threats and risks, which are aimed at minimizing the control and supervisory activities. New Russian Law No. 248-FZ of 31.07.2020 also demonstrates that the legislator does not have a systematic approach to identifying risks and other threats and therefore effective measures to counteract their implementation through control and supervisory activities are not determined. The scientific substantiation of the characteristics of risks and threats in general allows both to enrich the theory of public control, and to improve the legislation on control and supervisory activities, as well as to increase the effectiveness of the protection of public interests in the process of its application.Conclusions. The key nature of threats and risks for determining other elements of the sys-tem of state control and supervision is substantiated The use of the term “threat" is preferred because of its more universal nature. Threats determines both the goals and principles of control and supervisory activities in any area, as well as its forms and methods.
Reservations and declarations to tax treaties
Authors: Khavanova I. A. 
Published: July 2021

The subject of the article.The article represents a research of conceptual properties and issues of applying reservations and declarations to the Multilateral Convention to Implement Tax Treaty Related Measures to Prevent Base Erosion and Profit Shifting, developed in frames of implementing the OECD/G20 Action Plan on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS). The Multilateral Tax Convention modifies the application of agreements for avoiding double taxation, that are covered by its action. Since January 1, 2021 it has been applied to 34 agreements for avoiding double taxation between the Russian Federation and such countries as the UK, Canada, Latvia, Malta, the Netherlands and France. The Multilateral Tax Convention provides for updating bilateral tax treaties – whether they were developed upon the OECD Model Tax Convention or the UN Model Tax convention. The Convention retains a great degree of flexibility in relation to the implementation of its provisions – especially by the means of reservations, made by the countries.The purpose of the articleis to identify the main characteristics of applying reservations and declarations in international tax law.The methodology.The study is based on empirical methods of comparison and description, theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic.The main results.Reservations have played a minor role in international taxation until now – usually they reflected disagreement, expressed by an OECD member country with the provisions of the OECD Model Tax Convention or its Official commentary. Reservations were formulated in relation to a non-binding (model) document and their importance was limited. Such reservations cannot be associated with declarations, made in relation to legally binding documents like the Multilateral Tax Convention. Analyzing the general points of scientific dispute upon the mentioned range of issues, the author argues with researchers who deem that the structure of reservations to the Multilateral Tax Convention doesn’t correspond with the provisions over reservations in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, 1969 and thus recognize those reservations as “legal hybrids”.Conclusions.The structure of reservations to the International Tax Convention is deter-mined by the nature of double taxation agreements. The model lawmaking principle (the use of the OECD Model Tax Convention) allowed developing “umbrella” architecture of relationships between the provisions of the Multilateral Tax Convention and the norms of double taxation agreements. The article categorizes types of reservations as reservations of general nature and treaty-specific reservations. The article also considers the specific properties of reservations made in relation to the provisions of the Convention, which com-pose a minimal standard.
ЮБИЛЕЙ УЧЕНОГО: ВАДИМУ ВИНЦЕРОВИЧУ ТРЕПАВЛОВУ – 60 лет
Authors: Ускенбай Канат 
Published: July 2021

В 2020 году доктору исторических наук В.В. Трепавлову исполняется 60 лет. В статье описывается биография и творческий путь ученого. Интерес к истории евразийских кочевников появился у В.В. Трепавлова еще в школьные и студенческие годы, а первым научным результатом стала кандидатская диссертация о социально-политической преемственности в государственном строе Великой Монгольской империи Чингиз-хана. Его докторская диссертация была посвящена известной истории Ногайской Орды. В Институте российской истории В.В. Трепавлов прошел все ступени карьерного роста, после аспирантуры он работал в должности лаборанта, младшего, старшего, ведущего и главного научного сотрудника, сейчас является руководителем Центра истории народов России и межэтнических отношений. Несколько лет он одновременно занимал должность заместителя директора Института по научной работе. Коротко описываются основные монографические работы юбиляра.
ИЗДЕЛИЯ АШЕЛЬСКОГО ОБЛИКА ИЗ МЕСТОНАХОЖДЕНИЙ КАМЕННОГО ВЕКА ЭКИБАСТУЗА
Authors: Волошин Валерий Степанович 
Published: July 2021

В статье даётся подробное описание небольшой выборки архаичных кварцитовых изделий из открытых местонахождений каменного века, расположенных среди развалин построек на территории Старого Экибастуза. Обсуждаются проблемы «пережиточных форм» в палеолите Сарыарки, а также хронологии и периодизации палеолитических комплексов Левобережного Прииртышья: допускается возможность существования верхнеашельского индустриального комплекса, представленного артефактами из кварцитов с лёгкой или средней степенью заглаженности от эоловой корразии, а также более позднего комплекса, гипотетически отвечающего леваллуа-ашелю II Алана Медоева. Однако большая часть представленных в статье материалов связана с верхним культурным горизонтом памятника Экибастуз-4 (геологический слой 2) и относится к более позднему времени – концу палеолита (предположительно позднеледниковье и рубеж с голоценом).
ВЗАИМОСВЯЗЬ НАЗВАНИЙ «АКЫРТАС» И «АТЛАХ»
Authors: Ошанов Орынбай Жаңабайұлы 
Published: July 2021

В статье рассматриваются вопросы, связанные со средневековым городом Атлах и городищем Акыртас. Показаны примеры написания слова «Атлах» в средневековых арабских хрониках и различные варианты его чтения в изданиях. Автор обращает внимание на то, как ряд переводчиков переводили слово «Атлах» в книге М. Кашгари, и ни один из них не читал его в соответствии с его нынешним названием (т.е. «Атлах»), а наоборот читали как «Утлук», «Отлык», «Итлик», «Атлук». Автор указывает, что в труде Махмуда Кашгари значение слова «Атлах» - «отлыг» (переводе: «ясли», «кормушка», «корыто с кормом»). Все специалисты переводили это слово как «отлыг», «акыр», «стойло» и т.д. На основе этих сведений автор пришел к выводу, что город Атлах – это название городища Акыртас. В статье указывается и другое название города Акыртаса – город Касрибас. Еще одно название города Акыртас в народе упоминается как Таскотан. Какое бы из названий «Акыртас» или «Таскотан» не выбрать, оба созвучены со смыслом слова «Атлак» – «конюшня», «кормушка» (оттык). Подчеркивается важность комплексных исследований в правильном понимании названий средневековых городов.
A Cul-de-Sac or a Blazing Trail? The Significance and Long-Term Impact of the Numerus Clausus Legislation
Authors: Bodó Béla 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
This essay discusses the origins and the short- and long-term consequences of Hungary’s numerus clausus legislation of 1920. The legislation enjoyed widespread support in the non-Jewish middle class and played an important role in the rise of a stable social coalition, which provided the backbone of popular support for the Horthy regime in the interwar period.
African American Literature and the Politics of the Archive
Authors: Ryan Laura 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
Jean-Christophe Cloutier's book combines close readings of literary texts by African American writers with rigorous attention to the practices and politics of the archive. He identifies a particular “archival sensibility” developed by Black artists at a time (roughly between the end of the Harlem Renaissance and the advent of the Black Arts Movement) when institutional interest in their work was often negligible. In doing so, Cloutier invites the reader to reflect upon how archives continue to shape (and often reshape) the legacies of Black writers today.
Etude épidémio-clinique des références aux urgences pédiatriques du C.H.U Gabriel Touré
Authors: A Dembélé 
Published: July 2021

Introduction : Le système national de soins au Mali peut être schématisé sous la forme d'une pyramide dont la base représente le Centre de Santé Communautaire (CSCom) pour les soins primaires, le Centre de Santé de Référence (CSRef) constitue le premier niveau de référence suivi des hôpitaux régionaux et au sommet, les hôpitaux nationaux ou (dernier recours médical du pays). L'objectif de notre étude était d'étudier les aspects épidemio-cliniques des références aux urgences pédiatriques du CHU Gabriel Touré. Matériel et méthodes : Nous avons réalisé une étude prospective transversale de Janvier à Juin 2017, soit une période de 6 mois. Elle a concerné les enfants âgés de 1 mois à 15 ans référés aux urgences pédiatriques du CHU Gabriel Touré quel que soit le motif. L'enquête a été menée par interview des mères ou accompagnantes de l'enfant à leur admission avec une fiche d'enquête après un consentement obtenu au préalable. Résultats : Pendant notre période d'étude, 234 enfants ont été référés sur un total de 565 enfants hospitalisés aux urgences, soit une fréquence de 41,4%. Le sex-ratio était de 1,9 et les nourrissons de moins de 12 mois étaient les plus concernés avec 51,3% des cas. Pour la majorité des cas (126/234), les patients référés venaient des CSRéf soit 53,8%. La dyspnée était le motif de référence le plus fréquent (105 cas/234) suivie de la fièvre (72 cas). C'est pendant les heures de garde (17heure-08heure) que la majorité des patients référés ont été reçu aux urgences soit 59%. Le paludisme était la pathologie de référence la plus fréquente (29,4% des cas) suivi des pathologies broncho-pulmonaires, 17,1%. La durée d'hospitalisation était de 3 jours dans 28,6%. Le taux de létalité était de12, 39%. Conclusion : Malgré des multitudes de structures de santé, une pyramide sanitaire bien codifiée, la référence reste faible dans notre pays.
Mots clés: référence, urgence, pédiatrie.
Aspectos Destacados da Resolução n. 201/2015: CNJ como Instrumento de Planejamento Estratégico e Governança voltada à Sustentabilidade
Authors: Alves Elizete Lanzoni , Neto Ganem Amiden , Feitosa Ketlin 
Published: July 2021

A preservação da qualidade do meio ambiente como mecanismo de manutenção da saúde das atuais e futuras gerações é um compromisso global que prescinde da colaboração de todos para uma reversão necessária da caótica situação ambiental do planeta Terra.
Nesse contexto, a solidariedade entre o poder público e a coletividade para a preservação ambiental se torna urgente e necessária diante da crise ambiental causada pelo descuido com elementos essenciais para a manutenção da vida como a preservação da qualidade da água, do ar, da terra dentre outros fatores sem os quais se torna inviável a vida de todos os seres.
Diante de tal cenário o decurso temporal, as atitudes e providências são urgentes não sendo inadmissível a inércia e o retrocesso do que já foi alcançado em matéria de proteção ambiental.
Pembaharuan Dakwah Pendidikan Islam di Sumatera Barat
Authors: Nurul Syalafiyah  , Budi Harianto  
Published: July 2021

Sumatera Barat merupakan wilayah penting dalam perkembangan dakwah pendidikan Islam di Indonesia, karena ia merupakan wilayah pertama yang mengalami proses modernisasi dakwah pendidikan Islam pada awal abad ke-20-an. Adanya pembaharuan yang terjadi di Minangkabau sendiri memiliki banyak faktor, baik internal maupun eksternal. Artikel ini membahas bagaimana pembaruhan dakwah dalam pendidikan Islam di Sumatera Barat. Dengan menggunakan filsafat sejarah penulis mencoba mendeskripsikan pembaharuan dakwah pendidikan Islam di Sumatera Barat tersebut. Hasil yang ditemukan penulis menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa Sumatera Barat memiliki banyak tokoh pembaharu dalam dunia dakwah pendidikan Islam. Tokoh-tokoh yang memberikan pengaruh besar dengan adanya lembaga atau sekolah sebagai sarana dakwah yang ia dirikan adalah Abdullah Ahmad yang telah mendirikan Adabiyah School, yang telah memadukan ilmu umum dan ilmu agama. Rahmah el-Yunusiah telah mendirikan Madrasah Diniyah Putri. Rahmah adalah tokoh pendidikan Islam wanita pertama yang menaruh perhatian akan pentingnya pendidikan bagi kaum wanita, hingga ia mendapat gelar Syaikhah dari Senat Guru Besar Universitas al-Azhar. Surau sebagai sarana dakwah dalam bidang pendidikan Islam di Sumatera Barat yang mengalami pembaharuan sintem dengan berkelas, adalah Sumatera Thuwalib, namun walau sistemnya berubah, namun mereka tetap menggunakan buku-buku lama (turast).
Pendidikan Karakter dalam Persepektif Pemikiran KH. Hasyim Asy’ari dan Thomas Lickona
Authors: Muhammad Amrillah  , Agus Khairul Assauqi  
Published: July 2021

Latar belakang masalah dari penelitian ini adalah banyaknya fenomena yang mencerminkan kebobrokanbangsa seperti kekerasan, pemerkosaan dan masih banyak lainnya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dengan metode analisis (Content Analysis) setelah data terkumpul data dianalisa kemudian data tersebut dianalisa dan dipelajari secara cermat dan dideskripsikan yang selanjutnya memberikan gambaran dan penjelasan serta diuraikan persamaan dan perbedaan keduanya karna tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui dan membandingkan pemikiran pendidikan karakter menurut Hasyim Asy’ari dan Thomas Lickona.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat persamaan dan perbedaan diantara tokoh keduanya yang mana pemikiran HasyimAsy’ari mengenai pendidikan karakter lebih menekankan karakter terhadap subyek dan obyek pendidikan sedangkan pemikiran Thomas Lickona lebih condong kepadahal apa yang harus dilakukan oleh semua pihak sekolah, orang tua dan masyarakat untuk menanamkan pendidikan karakter.
Manajemen Keluarga dan Masyarakat
Authors: Hafidhoh Noor , Indramawan Anik 
Published: July 2021

Tanggung jawab dalam pendidikan tidak saja tertumpu pada pihak sekolah sebagai penyelenggara pendidikan formal, akan tetapi menjadi tanggungjawab terutama bagi orang tua, dalam hal ini keluarga dan juga masyarakat. Peran keluarga dan masyarakat dalam pendidikan sangatlah besar. Berhasil tidaknya sebuah proses pendidikan tidak semata-mata tergantung pada pihak sekolah akan tetapi justru pada keluarga dan masyarakat. Untuk itu membangun hubungan yang baik dan harmonis antara keluarga dan sekolah, antara masyarakat dan sekolah sangat perlu, penting dan urgent. Dan bagi seorang pendidik sebagai salah satu pioneer pendidikan, sangatlah perlu untuk memahami betapa penting peran keluarga dan masyarakat dalam pendidikan sebagai salah satu visi dalam menjalankan proses pendidikan