bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postponing Motherhood: A Demographic and Contemporary Issue
Authors: Nazaré Patrícia Félix , Fernandes Pais Ana Sofia , Figueiredo-Dias Margarida 
Published: February 2021

Background:
During the last decades, the postponement of motherhood became a reality in developed countries, leading to inevitable medical consequences, both maternal and fetal. Fertility preservation techniques constitute a matter of discussion in the context of voluntary delay of pregnancy.

Objective:
This study aims to analyse the causes, to address the maternal and fetal consequences and to explore solutions to this problem, namely the applicability of fertility preservation techniques.

Methods:
Bibliographic search of studies published between 2008 and 2020 was conducted in the PubMed database using the MeSH terms "fertility preservation" and "maternal age", among others.

Results:
The reasons that lead to the postponement of motherhood are the difficulty in establishing stable relationships, the expansion of differentiated education and demanding labor conditions, the diffusion of contraceptive methods, economic insecurity, ideational changes and the lack of information about this issue. The increased infertility, fetal death, chromosomal anomalies, multiple pregnancies, preterm birth and increased caesarean sections are the medical consequences associated. The review of social policies and the provision of information about fertility constitute possible solutions to this phenomenon. Fertility preservation techniques, especially oocyte cryopreservation, appear as an option but cannot totally compensate the age-related fertility decline.

Conclusion:
Advanced maternal age is a Public Health issue essentially explained by a set of interconnected social factors, involving considerable risks for maternal and fetal health. Fertility preservation techniques, although promising, may contribute to the perpetuation of this reality.
Study on Maternal and Neonatal Outcome of Women Undergoing Caesarean Section using NICE Classification in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Rural Area of Central India - An Observational Prospective Study
Authors: Jain Shuchi M. , Thool Ketki , Jain Manish A. , Shivkumar Poonam V. 
Published: February 2021

Background :Caesarean section is often perceived to be safer than vaginal delivery for mothers and neonates, and thus has become increasingly common around the globe. However, it may actually be detrimental to maternal and neonatal health while consuming valuable resources.Objective :The objective of this study was to categorize the caesarean sections performed in our rural institute into various categories using NICE classification and to study the maternal and neonatal outcome in them.Method :This was a prospective study of all women who underwent caesarean section over a period of 18 months. Data was retrieved from the files of women for morbiditiy and mortality in mothers and babies. Data was entered in MS excel sheet and analyzed with percentages and chi square test using SPSS ver.17.Results:Caesarean section rate (CSR) was 36.88%. All CS were classified into four categories based on urgency as per NICE guidelines. There were 22.62% women in Category I, 38.61% in category II, 28.37% in category III and 10.40% in Category IV. Adhesions, extension of angle, lacerations in lower segment, scar dehiscence, atonic PPH and bladder injury were noted in (12.83%), 11.81%, 6.83%, 4.08% , 1.53% and 0.08% CS respectively. Caesarean hysterectomy was done in 0.24% cases. Postoperative morbidity was febrile morbidity (11.93%), postdural puncture headache (13.85%), paralytic ileus (11.49%), wound infection (8.83%), ARDS (0.70%), sepsis (0.78%), pulmonary edema (0.47%) and pulmonary embolism (0.03%). Maternal mortality was 0.03%. Neonates born were 2577 (29 were twin deliveries). 82.46% neonates were healthy, 16.80% had morbidities and 0.74% were still born. Apgar score of less than 7 was in 10%. 16.80% neonates were admitted in NICU during their hospital stay. Neonatal mortality was 1.47%.Conclusion :Intraoperative and post-operative complication were more in caesarean sections of category I and II as compared to category III and category IV. Neonatal morbidity, mortality and admissions to NICU were more in caesarean sections of category I and II as compared to category III and category IV. Thus though caesarean section is an emergency lifesaving procedure for mother and baby it may prove detrimental to their health.
Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Update and Review
Authors: Chacón-Camacho Oscar Francisco , Pozo-Molina Glustein , Méndez-Catalá Claudia Fabiola , Reyes-Reali Julia , Méndez-Cruz René , Zenteno Juan Carlos 
Published: February 2021

Abstract:Knowledge of epidemiology, genetic etiopathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, and management of familial hypercholesterolemia have increased in the last two decades. Several population studies have shown that familial hypercholesterolemia is more frequent than previously thought, making this entity the most common metabolic disease with monogenic inheritence in the world. Identification of causal heterozygous pathogenic variants in LDLR, APOB, and PCSK9 genes have increased diagnostic accuracy of classical criteria (extreme hypercholesterolemia, personal / family history of premature coronary artery disease or other cardiovascular disease). Genetic screening has been recently introduced in many European countries to detect patients with familial hypercholesterolemia, mainly affected pediatric subjects, asymptomatic or those at the beggining of their disease, with the purpose of increasing surveillance and avoiding complications such as cardiovascular diseases. Cholesterol-lowering drugs should be started as soon as the diagnosis is made. Various combinations between drugs can be used when the goal is not achieved. New therapies, including small interference ribonucleic acids (siRNA) are being tested in different clinical trials.
Clinical Case of Organic Pseudopsychopathic Disorder in a Teenager in Terms of Differential Diagnostics with Childhood Schizophrenia
Authors: Darin Evgeny 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Organic personality disorder is one of the most pressing problems
of modern practical psychiatry due to the multifactorial etiology of this pathology, the variety
of clinical symptoms, and the complexity of differential diagnosis.

Results:
The clinical analysis of a difficult-to-diagnose case of a 13-year-old girl who committed
an act of criminal aggression is presented. Based on anamnesis data, examination
data, analysis of the features of psychopathological symptoms, and dynamic clinical observation,
the final diagnosis of “Organic pseudopsychopathic personality disorder due to
mixed causes (perinatal factors and traumatic brain injury), with significant behavioral disorders
requiring treatment, with schizophrenic symptoms” was made. It was initially mistaken
for the childhood form of schizophrenia based on the clinical pattern and complaints.

Methods:
The results of the patient’s clinical examination using a complex of psychodiagnostic
techniques, instrumental research methods, observation data in the department, and an
analysis of the patient’s anamnesis are presented.

Conclusion:
The main stages of diagnosis, the course of the study, the difficulties in the
differential diagnosis, and the key insights that played a role in substantiating the diagnosis
are highlighted.
A Patient-Initiated Digital COVID-19 Contact Notification Tool (TellYourContacts): Evaluation Study
Authors: Okpara Kelechi S , Hecht Jennifer , Wohlfeiler Dan , Prior Matthew , Klausner Jeffrey D 
Published: February 2021

Background
Contact notification is a method used to control the spread of infectious disease. In this process, a patient who tests positive for an infectious disease and public health officials work to identify the patient’s close contacts, notify them of their risk of possible exposure to the disease, and provide resources to facilitate the decreased spreading of disease. Contact notification can be done physically in person, via phone call, or digitally through the use of media such as SMS text messages and email. When alerts are made through the latter, it is called digital contact notification.

Objective
For this study, we aim to perform a preliminary evaluation of the use of the TellYourContacts website, a digital contact notification tool for COVID-19 that can be used confidentially and anonymously. We will gather information about the number of website users and message senders, the types of messages sent, and the geographic distribution of senders.

Methods
Patients who chose to get tested for COVID-19 and subsequently tested positive for the disease were alerted of their positive results through Curative Inc (a COVID-19 testing laboratory) and Healthvana (a results disclosure app). Included in the notification was a link to the TellYourContacts website and a message encouraging the person who tested positive for COVID-19 to use the website to alert their close contacts of exposure risk. Over the course of three months, from May 18, 2020, to August 17, 2020, we used Google Analytics and Microsoft Excel to record data on the number of website users and message senders, types of messages sent, and geographic distribution of the senders.

Results
Over the course of three months, 9130 users accessed the website and 1474 unique senders sent a total of 1957 messages, which included 1820 (93%) SMS text messages and 137 (7%) emails. Users sent messages from 40 US states, with the majority of US senders residing in California (49%).

Conclusions
We set out to determine if individuals who test positive for COVID-19 will use the TellYourContacts website to notify their close contacts of COVID-19 exposure risk. Our findings reveal that, during the observation period, each unique sender sent an average of 1.33 messages. The TellYourContacts website offers an additional method that individuals can and will use to notify their close contacts about a recent COVID-19 diagnosis.
Mobile Technology in Indonesian Nursing Education: Potential and Challenge
Authors: Aditya David Sulistiawan , Suprayitno Edy 
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Mobile technology such as smartphones and laptops have been a potential learning tool in both academic and clinical facets of nursing education. However, potentials and challenges of m-technology vary depending on individual, social, technological, and pedagogical conditions. And, studies of this issue in developing countries are lacking. Objective: This study aims to explore the potentials and challenges of m-technology integration in Indonesian nursing education. Method: 25 nursing faculties from three different nursing schools in Yogyakarta participated through an online questionnaire. 8 of them were purposely taken for semi -structured interviews. The data were presented cross-sectionally through descriptive statistics and ascertained with participants voices. Results: The findings delineated how mobile technology leveraged in both academic and clinical of nursing instructions. Three main potentials identified were to promote ubiquitous learning, build autonomous learning, and enhance technological knowledge. Technology affordances, psychological aspects, and nursing students attitude emerged as challenges in the current nursing education context. Social, individual, technological, and pedagogical aspects were discussed. Conclusion: Mobile technology is potential to mediate and provide better learning for nursing students in academic and clinical settings. However, faculties’ pedagogical knowledge and learning regulation of online learning are required to be analysed further.
Influence of intraoral application of antiseptics and fluorides during orthodontic treatment on corrosion and mechanical characteristics of nickel-titanium alloy in orthodontic appliances
Authors: Belasic Tihana Zibar , Pejova Biljana , Curkovic Helena Otmacic , Kamenar Ervin , Cetenovic Bojana , Spalj Stjepan 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To explore whether the commercial agents recommended for controlling dental biofilm formation had a significant effect in vivo on mechanical and corrosion properties of nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloy.

Materials and Methods
NiTi archwires (dimensions 0.508 × 0.508 mm) were collected from 36 orthodontic patients aged 13–42 years after a 3-month intraoral exposure. Three experimental groups were formed: (1) subjects conducting regular oral hygiene, (2) subjects who used fluorides for intensive prophylaxis for the first month, and (3) subjects who used chlorhexidine in the same manner. Corrosion behavior, surface characteristics, stiffness, hardness, and friction were analyzed.

Results
Exposure to intraoral conditions significantly reduced the stiffness and hardness of the NiTi alloy (P ≤ .015). Fluoride tended to reduce stiffness and hardness more than did saliva or antiseptic, but not significantly. Roughness and friction were not significantly influenced by oral exposure. Intraoral aging predominantly produced general corrosion independent of the adjuvant prophylactic agent, although localized corrosion may also have occurred.

Conclusions
Fluorides and the antiseptic chlorhexidine do not increase corrosion more than saliva itself, nor do they further modify the mechanical properties of the NiTi alloy.
Surgical treatment of a skeletal Class III patient using customized brackets based on the CAD/CAM virtual orthodontic system
Authors: Choi Eun-Hack Andrew , Park Jin-Ho , Erdenebat Tselmuun , Hwang Chung-Ju , Cha Jung-Yul 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
The computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) virtual orthodontic system produces customized brackets, indirect bonding jigs, and archwires based on a three-dimensional virtual setup. In surgical cases, this system helps to visualize the final occlusion during diagnosis and to efficiently plan individualized presurgical orthodontic treatments. A 20-year-old female patient with a skeletal Class III malocclusion, maxillary protrusion, and lip protrusion was successfully treated with orthognathic surgery and orthodontic treatment with maxillary first premolar extractions. The CAD/CAM system was applied for efficient treatment, with a total active treatment time of 16 months. In this case report, the applicability of the CAD/CAM virtual orthodontic system for orthognathic surgery cases is demonstrated. Suggestions are also made to overcome the limitations and to maximize the advantages of this system during orthodontic treatment of patients undergoing orthognathic surgery.
THE PROBLEM OF CREATING A MOTIVATION SPACE FOR STUDENTS AND TEACHERS OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF BLENDED EDUCATION
Authors: Мёдова Наталья Анатольевна , Байгулова Наталия Васильевна 
Published: February 2021

Представлены на основе теоретического анализа феномена мотивационного пространства его содержание, ведущие технологии формирования. Выявлена специфика современных моделей организации образовательного процесса средствами смешанного обучения. Актуализируется необходимость смешанного обучения в подготовке студентов педагогических вузов. Обоснована актуальность проблемы оптимизации применения дистанционного и смешанного обучения студентов вузов. Дана характеристика смешанного обучения, проанализированы теоретические и эмпирические исследования в области дистанционного и смешанного обучения, выявлены и обозначены их положительные аспекты. Мотивационный компонент позволяет определить перспективу программы интеграции различных форм в обучении студентов, в том числе иностранных и с ограниченными возможностями здоровья. Научно обоснованы ключевые мотивационные особенности студентов и преподавателей высшей школы на современном этапе реализации различных форм обучения. Цель исследования – проанализировать специфику мотивационного пространства через средства смешанного обучения. Продемонстрированы потенциальные ресурсы данной формы получения информации и определены тенденции самодетерминации студентов и преподавателей в профессиональной деятельности через средства смешанного обучения.
The article presents, on the basis of a theoretical analysis of the phenomenon of motivational space, its content, leading formation technologies. The specificity of modern models of the organization of the educational process by means of blended learning is revealed. The necessity of blended learning in training students of pedagogical universities is actualized. The urgency of the problem of optimizing the use of distance and blended learning for university students is substantiated. The characteristic of blended learning is given, theoretical and empirical studies in the field of distance and blended learning are analyzed, their positive aspects are identified and indicated. The motivational component makes it possible to determine the perspective of the program for the integration of various forms in the teaching of students, including foreign students and those with disabilities. The key motivational features of students and teachers of higher education at the present stage of implementation of various forms of education are scientifically substantiated. The purpose of the study is to analyze the specifics of the motivational space through blended learning tools. Potential resources of this form of obtaining information are demonstrated and tendencies of self-determination of students and teachers in professional activities through blended learning are determined.
ELECTRONIC MONITORING OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF THE COGNITIVE SPHERE OF STUDENTS’ PERSONALITY
Authors: Ахметова Людмила Владимировна , Стась Андрей Николаевич , Газизов Тимур Тальгатович 
Published: February 2021

Рассматривается психолого-педагогическая проблема возможности электронного контроля – мониторинга динамики развития когнитивных способностей обучающихся. При этом когнитивные способности человека, с психологической точки зрения, понимаются как целостное системное образование. Когнитивная сфера личности, по мнению авторов, не сводится к интеллекту, а является его фундаментальной составляющей, равно как и когнитивные способности, обладая своими специфическими функциями, образуют единую систему, наделенную индивидуально-психологическими особенностями. Такова методологическая позиция авторов исследования. Особенное внимание обращается на понятийный аппарат излагаемого текста. Подчеркивается, что междисциплинарный подход к исследованию может провоцировать терминологическую неточность, в связи с этим обращается пристальное внимание на категориальный аппарат, правильную интерпретацию терминов, обеспечивающих смысловую основу междисциплинарного исследования. Обосновывается необходимость разработки комплексной компьютерной программы. Отмечается, что комплексная компьютерная программа способна обеспечить электронный мониторинг и коррекцию значений интегральных психологических показателей сформированности когнитивных функциональных связей в психологической структуре когнитивной сферы личности обучающегося в режиме текущего времени.
In this article, the authors consider a psychological and pedagogical problem – the possibility of electronic control-monitoring of the dynamics of the development of cognitive abilities of students. At the same time, the cognitive abilities of a person from a psychological point of view are understood as an integral system construction. The cognitive sphere of an individual, according to the authors of this article, is not limited to intelligence, but it is its fundamental component, as well as cognitive abilities, having their own specific functions, form a single system with individual psychological characteristics. This is the methodological position of the authors of the article. Special attention is drawn to the conceptual construct of the text presented. It is emphasized that an interdisciplinary approach to research can provoke terminological inaccuracy. In this regard, the authors pay close attention to the categorical apparatus, the correct interpretation of terms that provide the semantic basis for interdisciplinary research. The article substantiates the need to develop a comprehensive computer program. It is noted that a complex software can provide electronic monitoring and correction of the values of integral psychological indicators of the formation of cognitive functional connections in the psychological structure of the cognitive sphere of students’ personality in real-time mode.
CHANGING OF CULTURAL IDEA OF TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES IN THE 30S OF XX CENTURY
Authors: Петрова Валерия Алексеевна 
Published: February 2021

Рассматривается процесс изменения вектора государственной политики в сфере изучения иностранного языка в 30-е годы ХХ века. Показано, что после революции 1917 г. изучение иностранного языка было прекращено, потому что расценивалось как пережиток прошлого, антагонистического общества с ярко выраженным и непримиримым классовым неравенством. Однако в 1923 г. Н. К. Крупская в статье «О преподавании иностранных языков» доказательно опровергла необходимость изучения эсперанто и четко обосновала свою позицию по поводу изучения иностранных языков, описала практическую значимость, обозначила основную цель и показала приоритетный метод их преподавания, заложив тем самым основы изучения иностранных языков в нашей стране на многие десятилетия. Рассматривается ряд постановлений Центрального комитета Коммунистической партии Советского Союза от 1929 и 1932 гг., направленных на усиление изучения иностранного языка в городских школах второй ступени, техникумах и вузах, фабрично-заводских семилетках. Приводятся размышления общественных и политических деятелей, педагогов, публицистов, филологов о культурологическом потенциале иностранных языков. Показана цель их изучения в 30-е годы ХХ века.
The article deals with the process of changing the vector of state policy in the field of foreign language learning in the 30s of the XX century After the October Revolution, they stopped the study of a foreign language because they regarded it as a relic of the past, an antagonistic society with a pronounced and irreconcilable class inequality. However, in 1923, Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya denied the need to study Esperanto on a national scale in her article “Teaching Foreign Languages” and described the practical significance, main goal and priority method of teaching a foreign language and more than that her own position about the role of foreign languages, thereby laying the foundation for its study for many decades. The 1927 became a further important step in the history of teaching a foreign language in the country of the Soviets. The People’s Commissariat for Education of the RSFSR adopted a special decree on the study of a foreign language in all city schools of the second level, starting a large campaign “Foreign languages to the masses”. It considers a number of resolutions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1929 and 1932, aimed at strengthening the study of a foreign language in all city schools, technical schools and universities, and Factory Seven-Years. The article gives the reflections of public and political figures, teachers, publicists, philologists on the cultural potential of foreign languages. It shows the purpose of foreign language study in the 30s of the XX century.