bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender differences in the comorbidity of neurological and psychological disorders in a large clinical sample of children
Authors: Brandt Valerie , Napoleone Elisa , Patalay Praveetha 
Published: May 2021

Summary
This study aimed to establish rates and gender patterns of 25 comorbidities in 1912 children (72% male) with a neurological disorder and a comparison group (n = 40 718, 45% male) from a large clinical records data-set in child mental health services in the UK with clinician-recorded data on neurological and psychological conditions. Obsessive–compulsive disorder, oppositional defiant/conduct disorders, autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disabilities (also known in UK health services as learning disabilities) occurred significantly more often in both boys and girls with neurological disorders than in the comparison group. Girls with neurological disorders showed a ‘male-typic’ comorbidity profile.
Ixazomib, Daratumumab, and Low-Dose Dexamethasone in Frail Patients With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: The Hovon 143 Study
Authors: Stege Claudia A. M. , Nasserinejad Kazem , van der Spek Ellen , Bilgin Yavuz M. , Kentos Alain , Sohne Maaike , van Kampen Roel J. W. , Ludwig Inge , Thielen Noortje , Durdu-Rayman Nazik , de Graauw Nicole C. H. P. , van de Donk Niels W. C. J. , de Waal Esther G. M. , Vekemans Marie-Christiane , Timmers Gert Jan , van der Klift Marjolein , Soechit Savita , Geerts Paul A. F. , Silbermann Matthijs H. , Oosterveld Margriet , Nijhof Inger S. , Sonneveld Pieter , Klein Saskia K. , Levin Mark-David , Zweegman Sonja 
Published: May 2021

PURPOSE Frail patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma have an inferior outcome, mainly because of a high discontinuation rate due to toxicity. We designed a phase II trial specifically for frail patients, evaluating the efficacy and tolerability of ixazomib-daratumumab-low-dose-dexamethasone (Ixa-Dara-dex). METHODS Sixty-five patients, who were frail according to the International Myeloma Working Group frailty index, were treated with nine induction cycles Ixa-Dara-dex followed by maintenance with Ixa-Dara for a maximum of 2 years. RESULTS The overall response rate on induction therapy was 78%. After a median follow-up of 22.9 months, median progression-free survival (PFS) was 13.8 months and 12-month overall survival (OS) was 78%. Median PFS and 12-month OS were 21.6 months and 92% in patients who were frail based on age > 80 years alone, versus 13.8 months and 78%, and 10.1 months and 70% in patients who were frail based on additional frailty parameters either ≤ 80 or > 80 years of age, respectively. In 51% of patients, induction therapy had to be discontinued prematurely, of which 6% because of noncompliance to study treatment, 9% because of toxicity, and 9% because of death (8% within 2 months, of which 80% because of toxicity). Quality of life improved during induction treatment, being clinically meaningful already after three induction cycles. CONCLUSION Ixa-Dara-dex lead to a high response rate and improved quality of life. However, treatment discontinuation because of toxicity and early mortality, negatively influencing PFS and OS, remains a concern in frail patients. The outcome was heterogeneous across frail subpopulations. This should be taken into account in the design and interpretation of future studies in frail patients, to pave the way for more precise treatment guidance.
Performance of molecular methods for the detection of Salmonella in human stool specimens
Authors: Chirambo Angeziwa Chunga , Nyirenda Tonney S. , Jambo Ndaru , Msefula Chisomo , Kamng'ona Arox , Molina Sandra , Mandala Wilson L. , Heyderman Robert S. , Iturizza-Gomara Miren , Henrion Marc Y.R. , Gordon Melita A. 
Published: May 2021

Background: The relationship between asymptomatic Salmonella exposure within the gastrointestinal tract and Salmonella bacteraemia is poorly understood, in part due to the low sensitivity of stool culture and the lack of validated molecular diagnostic tests for the detection of Salmonella in the stool. The study aimed to determine a reliable molecular diagnostic test for Salmonella in stool specimens. Methods: We optimised an in-house monoplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of Salmonella ttr and InvA genes in stool by including a selenite broth pre-culture step for Salmonella before DNA extraction and validated their specificity against other local common pathogens. Then we assessed their performance against a well-validated multiplex PCR targeting the same ttr and InvA genes and against stool culture using clinical stool specimens collected from a cohort of 50 asymptomatic healthy Malawian children that were sampled at 1-month intervals over 12 months. We employed a latent Markov model to estimate the specificities and sensitivities of PCR methods. Results: Ttr and InvA primers were both able to detect all the different Salmonella serovars tested and had superior limits of detection when DNA was extracted after selenite pre-culture. Ttr sensitivity and specificity for monoplex-PCR were (99.53%, 95.46%) and for multiplex-PCR (90.30%, 99.30%) respectively. InvA specificity and specificity for using monoplex-PCR was (95.06%, 90.31%) and multiplex-PCRs (89.41%, 98.00%) respectively. Sensitivity and specificity for standard stool culture were 62.88% and 99.99%, respectively. Culture showed the highest PPV (99.73%), and monoplex-ttr had the highest NPV (99.67%). Conclusion: Test methods demonstrated high concordance, although stool culture and monoplexed ttr primers had superior specificity and sensitivity, respectively. The use of selenite pre-enrichment step increased Salmonella detection rate. Taken together, molecular detection methods used here could be used to reveal the true extent of both asymptomatic and symptomatic Salmonella exposure events.
Increased expression of Polδ does not alter the canonical replication program in vivo
Authors: Zach Róbert , Carr Antony M. 
Published: May 2021

Background: In vitro experiments utilising the reconstituted Saccharomyces cerevisiae eukaryotic replisome indicated that the efficiency of the leading strand replication is impaired by a moderate increase in Polδ concentration. It was hypothesised that the slower rate of the leading strand synthesis characteristic for reactions containing two-fold and four-fold increased concentration of Polδ represented a consequence of a relatively rare event, during which Polδ stochastically outcompeted Polε and, in an inefficient manner, temporarily facilitated extension of the leading strand. Inspired by this observation, we aimed to determine whether similarly increased Polδ levels influence replication dynamics in vivo using the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe as a model system. Methods: To generate S. pombe strains over-expressing Polδ, we utilised Cre-Lox mediated cassette exchange and integrated one or three extra genomic copies of all four Polδ genes. To estimate expression of respective Polδ genes in Polδ-overexpressing mutants, we measured relative transcript levels of cdc1+, cdc6+ (or cdc6L591G), cdc27+ and cdm1+ by reverse transcription followed by quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). To assess the impact of Polδ over-expression on cell physiology and replication dynamics, we used standard cell biology techniques and polymerase usage sequencing. Results: We provide an evidence that two-fold and four-fold over-production of Polδ does not significantly alter growth rate, cellular morphology and S-phase duration. Polymerase usage sequencing analysis further indicates that increased Polδ expression does not change activities of Polδ, Polε and Polα at replication initiation sites and across replication termination zones. Additionally, we show that mutants over-expressing Polδ preserve WT-like distribution of replication origin efficiencies. Conclusions: Our experiments do not disprove the existence of opportunistic polymerase switches; however, the data indicate that, if stochastic replacement of Polε for Polδ does occur in vivo, it represents a rare phenomenon that does not significantly influence canonical replication program.
Formation of Communicative Competence of Personnel
Authors: Omel'chenko N. , Skripnichenko L. 
Published: May 2021

The ongoing processes in society related to globalization, improvement of information and communication flows contribute to the expansion of contacts between people, developing a corporate culture, social and communicative competence of staff. Communicative competence is a qualitative characteristic of the individual, responsible for realizing the need for social recognition, self-actualization, and therefore contributing to the development of successful socialization. The concept can include a set of knowledge and skills that ensure the effective functioning of the communication process.
This concept is a component of a competent approach in working with the organization's personnel.
Today, it is impossible to imagine a specialist without communicative knowledge, skills and skills. The communicative competence of personnel gets an important role in modern conditions of development of economy where major factors is knowledge, abilities, skills of personnel.
It is important to note that the formed communication competence is especially necessary for managers. It is the main tool for managing tasks.
The results of the personnel's work can be considered through the results of the production, economic and other activities of the organization or subdivisions, as well as through the socio-economic working conditions of employees subordinate to it. The formed communication competence will help to achieve the goals set for the organization, increase efficiency and ensure the growth of the company, which directly affects the stability of personnel and customer loyalty. In order to analyze the peculiarities of the formation of comunicative competence of the personnel of the organization, the authors attempted to conduct this study.
Adverse reaction to metal debris due to fretting corrosion between the acetabular components of modular dual-mobility constructs in total hip replacement: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: French Jonathan M. R. , Bramley Paul , Scattergood Sean , Sandiford Nemandra A. 
Published: May 2021

Modular dual-mobility (MDM) constructs can be used to reduce dislocation rates after total hip replacement (THR). However, there are concerns about adverse reaction to metal debris (ARMD) as a result of fretting corrosion between the metal liner and shell. This systematic review reports outcomes following THR using MDM components. It was registered with PROSPERO and conducted in line with Cochrane and PRISMA recommendations. Sixteen articles were included overall, with meta-analysis performed on relevant subsets using a random intercept logistic regression model. Estimated median incidence of ARMD requiring revision surgery within study follow-up period was 0.3% (95% CI 0.1 – 1.8%, from 11 cohort studies containing 1312 cases). Serum metal ion levels were mildly raised in 7.9% of cases, and significantly raised in 1.8%, but there was no correlation with worse clinical hip function scores within studies. Dislocation rate was 0.8%. Revision rate was 3.3%. There are mixed reports of wear on the backside of the metal liner from the acetabular shell and screw heads. Both implant design and component malseating are implicated, but currently it is unclear to what extent each factor is responsible. Studies were poor quality with high risk of confounding, especially from trunnion corrosion. We have made recommendations for further work. In the meantime, surgeons should be aware of the potential risk of ARMD when considering using an MDM prosthesis, and, if selecting one, must ensure proper seating of the liner and screws intraoperatively. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:343-353. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.200146
Growth rate and yield response of several sweet potato clones to reduced inorganic fertilizer and biofertilizer
Authors: Nafi'ah Hanny Hidayati , Hindersah Reginawanti , Mubarok Syariful , Maulana Haris , SUGANDA TARKUS , CONCIBIDO VERGEL , Karuniawan Agung 
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Nafi'ah HH, Hindersah R, Mubarok S, Maulana H, Suganda T, Concibido V, Karuniawan A. 2021. Growth rate and yield response of several sweet potato clones to reduced inorganic fertilizer and biofertilizer. Biodiversitas 22: 1775-1782. Sweet potato has a high economic value because it is often utilized for staple food and industrial raw materials. Balanced fertilization, including inorganic and biofertilizer, is needed to enhance the production of sweet potatoes. Two-year field experiments conducted at two different agro climates were performed to determine the best response of growth rate and yield of sweet potato to reduced inorganic fertilizer and biofertilizer application rates. Three sweet potato clones, Mencrang, Biang, and Rancing, were grown with a combination of inorganic and biological fertilizers in a randomized complete block design of three replications. Results showed that Biang and Rancing have the best response under reduced inorganic and biofertilizer application rate. The application of biofertilizer enabled the reduction of inorganic fertilizer use but still resulted in increased growth rate and tuber yield of potatoes in both locations. However, the application of biofertilizer did not increase the total soluble solids, which is the main indicator of sweetness in sweet potato.
Snake pet ownership in the city: A case study in Greater Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Kusrini Mirza , Palesa Sharon Pratiwi , Masy'ud Burhanuddin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Kusrini MD, Palesa SP, Masy’ud B. 2021. Snake pet ownership in the city: A case study in Greater Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 1790-1798. Snake pets have gained popularity all over the world, including in Indonesia. We conducted an online survey to gather information regarding the characteristics of snake owners, their motivation for keeping snakes, the species owned, and the keepers’ knowledge and perception. Google forms were sent to snake owners in the Greater Jakarta area (also known as Jabodetabek), and 69 snake owners responded. Most of the snake owners are in the young adult group (16-25 years) and their motivation to keep snakes comes mostly from them being influenced by their peers, exhibitions and social media. Thirty-nine species of snake from nine families were listed as pets, mostly being snakes that are distributed in Indonesia. Overall, the Pythonidae was the snake family with the most species being selected as pets (65.7%), followed by Colubridae (10.7%) and Viperidae (9.44%). Most snake owners kept non-venomous snakes (83.3%), 12% kept highly venomous snakes, and 4.7% kept mildly- venomous snakes. Most of the keepers had heard about protected species (91.2%). However, when asked to write the names of any protected species, 46% out of 50 people gave incorrect names. The relatively high number of venomous snakes kept (even by those keepers of a young age) indicates the potential risk of envenomation. As yet, there is no system for snake owner licensing in Indonesia, thus it is suggested that, because of the increasing popularity of keeping snakes as pets, owners should be registered, licensed, and monitored.
Physicochemical and microbiological properties of yogurt made with microencapsulation probiotic starter during cold storage
Authors: Rossi Evy , RESTUHADI FAJAR , EFENDI RASWEN , DEWI YOSSIE KHARISMA 
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Rossi E, Restuhadi F, Efendi R, Dewi YK. 2021. Physicochemical and microbiological properties of yogurt made with microencapsulation probiotic starter during cold storage. Biodiversitas 22: 2012-2018. This study's purposes were to characterize probiotic properties, identify strains of K12.1, produce a microencapsulated starter (MS) for yogurt, and evaluate yogurt's microbiological quality during storage refrigerated temperatures. This research was conducted experimentally using isolate was further identified based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The identified strain and Streptococcus thermophilus were microencapsulated using sago starch and whey isolate protein (1:1 w/w) for yogurt starter. The starter was added as much as 1, 3, 5, or 7% (v / v), then incubated for 18 hours at 37°C. The best yogurt was evaluated for its microbiological quality at refrigerated temperature for 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. The results showed that K12.1 isolate with probiotic characteristics was Lactobacillus plantarum VP3.3. The microencapsulation starter concentration affected acidity, total acid, total lactic acid bacteria (LAB), viscosity, and total solids. The use of 7% microencapsulation starter of Lactobacillus plantarum VP-3.3 and Streptococcus thermophilus gave the best yogurt, with a pH value 4.36, total lactic acid 0.99%, total LAB 10.00 log CFU mL-1, viscosity 546.37 cP, and total solids 10.40%. The total amount of LAB in yogurt stored during cold temperature for 28 days still meets the probiotics standards (9.98 log CFU/mL).
Acousto-optic frequency shifted comb laser-based micro-Doppler detection for moving target identification
Authors: Ding Yichen , Wu Bo , Shen Yonghang 
Published: May 2021

We present a preliminary experimental demonstration of an acousto-optic frequency shifted (AOFS) comb laser-based micro-Doppler detection system for moving object identification. The AOFS comb laser was constructed by successively frequency shifting a single-frequency seed laser at 1063.8 nm using an acousto-optic modulator in an amplified fiber loop, which resulted in a stable pulse output with a pulse repetition rate around 150 MHz and pulse duration of about 200 ps. The AOFS comb pulse was amplified and then directed through a fiber circulator first and then an optical lens onto a moving object, which featured both linear translation and rotation. The micro-Doppler signal of the rotation was derived from the heterodyne detection of the pulse echo comb laser and the continuous-wave single-frequency local laser. It is believed that such an AOFS comb laser-based sensing system is of great potential for micro-Doppler detection of high-speed targets owing to its long-term stability and compactness.
Double-layered silicon-nitride photonic crystal slab guided-mode-resonance high-sensitivity sensor application for refractive index sensing and nanoparticle detection
Authors: Yang Ying , Liu Yuanyuan , Yang Shuo , Wu Yongqin , Tian Huiping 
Published: May 2021

In this work, the silicon-nitride-based double-layered photonic crystal slab (DPCS) operating on guided-mode resonance (GMR) is demonstrated to realize a high-sensitivity sensor. By applying the three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (3D-FDTD) analysis method, the relationships between

Q

-factor and slab thickness, hole radius, and space distance are extensively explored. The highest

Q

-factor of 7605 has been obtained for the optimized structure. Through detecting the resonant peak shifts when the DPCS sensor is immersed in different liquids, we realize an ultrahigh sensitivity up to 937.64 nm/refractive index unit (RIU). On the other hand, particle detection is simulated by the above-mentioned sensor, and the explanations of different resonant shifts versus different trapped positions are sophisticatedly elucidated. Furthermore, the effect of the vertical alignment deviation (lattice displacement) of the two photonic crystal slabs (PCSs) on the

Q

-factor and transmittance is discussed in detail. The investigations show that the DPCS sensor allows an alignment deviation of

∼

40

n
m

, which exhibits excellent fabrication error robustness.
Financial incentives and deposit contracts to promote HIV retesting in Uganda: A randomized trial
Authors: Chamie Gabriel , Kwarisiima Dalsone , Ndyabakira Alex , Marson Kara , Camlin Carol S. , Havlir Diane V. , Kamya Moses R. , Thirumurthy Harsha 
Published: May 2021

Background
Frequent retesting for HIV among persons at increased risk of HIV infection is critical to early HIV diagnosis of persons and delivery of combination HIV prevention services. There are few evidence-based interventions for promoting frequent retesting for HIV. We sought to determine the effectiveness of financial incentives and deposit contracts in promoting quarterly HIV retesting among adults at increased risk of HIV.

Methods and findings
In peri-urban Ugandan communities from October to December 2018, we randomized HIV–negative adults with self-reported risk to 1 of 3 strategies to promote HIV retesting: (1) no incentive; (2) cash incentives (US$7) for retesting at 3 and 6 months (total US$14); or (3) deposit contracts: participants could voluntarily deposit US$6 at baseline and at 3 months that would be returned with interest (total US$7) upon retesting at 3 and 6 months (total US$14) or lost if participants failed to retest. The primary outcome was retesting for HIV at both 3 and 6 months. Of 1,482 persons screened for study eligibility following community-based recruitment, 524 participants were randomized to either no incentive (N = 180), incentives (N = 172), or deposit contracts (N = 172): median age was 25 years (IQR: 22 to 30), 44% were women, and median weekly income was US$13.60 (IQR: US$8.16 to US$21.76). Among participants randomized to deposit contracts, 24/172 (14%) made a baseline deposit, and 2/172 (1%) made a 3-month deposit. In intent-to-treat analyses, HIV retesting at both 3 and 6 months was significantly higher in the incentive arm (89/172 [52%]) than either the control arm (33/180 [18%], odds ratio (OR) 4.8, 95% CI: 3.0 to 7.7, p < 0.001) or the deposit contract arm (28/172 [16%], OR 5.5, 95% CI: 3.3 to 9.1, p < 0.001). Among those in the deposit contract arm who made a baseline deposit, 20/24 (83%) retested at 3 months; 11/24 (46%) retested at both 3 and 6 months. Among 282 participants who retested for HIV during the trial, three (1%; 95%CI: 0.2 to 3%) seroconverted: one in the incentive group and two in the control group. Study limitations include measurement of retesting at the clinic where baseline enrollment occurred, only offering clinic-based (rather than community-based) HIV retesting and lack of measurement of retesting after completion of the trial to evaluate sustained retesting behavior.

Conclusions
Offering financial incentives to high-risk adults in Uganda resulted in significantly higher HIV retesting. Deposit contracts had low uptake and overall did not increase retesting. As part of efforts to increase early diagnosis of HIV among high-risk populations, strategic use of incentives to promote retesting should receive greater consideration by HIV programs.

Trial registration
clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02890459.