bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of glioma-associated microglia and macrophages reveals their divergent roles in the immune response of brain
Authors: Qian Jiawen , Wang Chen , Wang Bo , Li Congwen , Fu Kaiyi , Wang Yuedi , Gao Yiyuan , Niu Congyi , Zhao Chujun , Liu Jun , Wang Luman , Liu Ronghua , Luo Feifei , Lu Mingfang , Liu Yun , Chu Yiwei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractGlioma microenvironment contains numerous myeloid cells, including brain-resident microglia and recruited monocytes and macrophages (Mo/Mφ). When studied collectively, these cells presented pro-tumor effects. Yet, little is known about the differences among these myeloid populations. Using single-cell sequencing analysis, we studied the phenotypic characteristics, spatial variances, and dynamic changes of these relatively heterogeneous cell populations. Microglia populations with distinct spatial distribution presented different functional states, including tumor-associated subsets with phagocytic and lipid metabolism signature. Notably, this subset of glioma-associated microglia shared similar trait in a diverse spectrum of neuropathogenesis. In contrast, Mo/Mφ highly expressed genes related to angiogenesis, tumor invasion, and immune evasion. Moreover, identifying the Mo/Mφ subsets had prognostic and classificatory value in clinical application. These results thus eliminate the long-existing ambiguity about the role of microglia and Mo/Mφ in glioma pathogenesis, and reveal their prognostic and therapeutic value for glioma patients.
Niclosamide reverses SARS-CoV-2 control of lipophagy
Authors: Garrett Timothy J. , Coatsworth Heather , Mahmud Iqbal , Hamerly Timothy , Stephenson Caroline J. , Yazd Hoda S. , Ayers Jasmine , Miller Megan R. , Lednicky John A. , Dinglasan Rhoel R. 
Published: July 2021

SUMMARYThe global effort to combat COVID-19 rapidly produced a shortlist of approved drugs with anti-viral activities for clinical repurposing. However, the jump to clinical testing was lethal in some cases as a full understanding of the mechanism of antiviral activity as opposed to pleiotropic activity/toxicity for these drugs was lacking. Through parallel lipidomic and transcriptomic analyses we observed massive reorganization of lipid profiles of infected Vero E6 cells, especially plasmalogens that correlated with increased levels of virus replication. Niclosamide (NIC), a poorly soluble anti-helminth drug identified for repurposed treatment of COVID-19, reduced the total lipid profile that would otherwise amplify during virus infection. NIC treatment reduced the abundance of plasmalogens, diacylglycerides, and ceramides, which are required for virus production. Future screens of approved drugs may identify more druggable compounds than NIC that can safely but effectively counter SARS-CoV-2 subversion of lipid metabolism thereby reducing virus replication. However, these data support the consideration of niclosamide as a potential COVID-19 therapeutic given its modulation of lipophagy leading to the reduction of virus egress and the subsequent regulation of key lipid mediators of pathological inflammation.
Spatio-Temporal Recruitment of Adult Neural Stem Cells for Transient Neurogenesis During Pregnancy
Authors: Chaker Zayna , Segalada Corina , Doetsch Fiona 
Published: July 2021

AbstractNeural stem cells (NSCs) in the adult mouse brain contribute to lifelong brain plasticity. NSCs in the adult ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ) are heterogeneous and, depending on their location in the niche, give rise to different subtypes of olfactory bulb interneurons. Here, we show that during pregnancy multiple regionally-distinct NSCs are dynamically recruited at different times. Coordinated temporal activation of these NSC pools generates sequential waves of short-lived olfactory bulb interneuron subtypes that mature in the mother around birth and in the perinatal care period. Concomitant with neuronal addition, oligodendrocyte progenitors also transiently increase in the olfactory bulb. Thus, life experiences, such as pregnancy, can trigger transient neurogenesis and gliogenesis under tight spatial and temporal control, and may provide a novel substrate for brain plasticity in anticipation of temporary physiological demand.
Novel Roles of G-quadruplexes on Enhancers in human chromatin
Authors: Hou Yue , Guo Yan , Dong Shanshan , Yang Tielin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractG-quadruplexes (G4), stable four-stranded non-canonical DNA structures, are highly related to function of promoters and initiation of gene transcription. We found that G4 structures were also enriched in the enhancers across different cell lines. However, the relationship between G4 structures and enhancer activity remains unknown. Here, we proved that G4 structures on enhancers lead to the re-positioning of nucleosomes create nucleosome depleted regions (NDRs). Moreover, stable NDRs and special secondary structures of G4 help enhancers to recruit abundant TFs to co-bind, especially for architectural proteins including CTCF, RAD21, and SMC3. These architectural proteins, which play critical roles in the formation of higher-order chromatin organization, further influenced the chromatin interactions of G4 enhancers. Additionally, we revealed that G4 enhancers harbored significantly higher enrichment of eQTLs than typical enhancers, suggesting G4 enhancers displayed more enhancer regulatory activity. We found that most super enhancers (SEs) contain G4 structures. Even though the enrichment of chromatin accessibility and histone modifications around G4-containing SEs are not significantly higher than those around other SEs, G4-containing SEs still possess much more TFs across different cell lines. According to these results, we proposed a model in which the formation of G4 structures on enhancer exclude nucleosome occupancy and recruit abundant TFs which lead to the stable chromatin interaction between G4 enhancers and their target genes. Because of the relevance between G4 structures and enhancers, we hypothesized that G4 structures may be a potential markers indicating enhancer regulatory activity.
Power performance enhancement of vertical axis wind turbines by a novel gurney flap design
Authors: Mousavi Milad , Masdari Mehran , Tahani Mojtaba 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
Nowadays flaps and winglets are one of the main mechanisms to increase airfoil efficiency. This study aims to investigate the power performance of vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT) that are equipped with diverse gurney flaps. This study could play a crucial role in the design of the VAWT in the future.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, the two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulation is used. The second-order finite volume method is used for the discretization of the governing equations.

Findings
The results show that the gurney flap enhances the power coefficient at the low range of tip speed ratio (TSR). When an angled and standard gurney flap case has the same aerodynamic performance, an angled gurney flap case has a lower hinge moment on the junction of airfoil and gurney flap which shows the structural excellence of this case. In all gurney flap cases, the power coefficient increases by an average of 20% at the TSR range of 0.6 to 1.8. The gurney flap cases do not perform well at the high TSR range and the results show a lower amount of power coefficient compare to the clean airfoil.

Originality/value
The angled gurney flap which has the structural advantage and is deployed to the pressure side of the airfoil improves the efficiency of VAWT at the low and medium range of TSR. This study recommends using a controllable gurney flap which could be deployed at a certain amount of TSR.
Experimental analysis of fluid-structure interaction in flexible wings at low Reynolds number flows
Authors: Genç Mustafa Serdar , Demir Hacımurat , Özden Mustafa , Bodur Tuna Murat 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this exhaustive experimental study is to investigate the fluid-structure interaction in the flexible membrane wings over a range of angles of attack for various Reynolds numbers.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, an experimental study on fluid-structure interaction of flexible membrane wings was presented at Reynolds numbers of 2.5 × 104, 5 × 104 and 7.5 × 104. In the experimental studies, flow visualization, velocity and deformation measurements for flexible membrane wings were performed by the smoke-wire technique, multichannel constant temperature anemometer and digital image correlation system, respectively. All experimental results were combined and fluid-structure interaction was discussed.

Findings
In the flexible wings with the higher aspect ratio, higher vibration modes were noticed because the leading-edge separation was dominant at lower angles of attack. As both Reynolds number and the aspect ratio increased, the maximum membrane deformations increased and the vibrations became visible, secondary vibration modes were observed with growing the leading-edge vortices at moderate angles of attack. Moreover, in the graphs of the spectral analysis of the membrane displacement and the velocity; the dominant frequencies coincided because of the interaction of the flow over the wings and the membrane deformations.

Originality/value
Unlike available literature, obtained results were presented comparatively using the sketches of the smoke-wire photographs with deformation measurement or turbulence statistics from the velocity measurements. In this study, fluid-structure interaction and leading-edge vortices of membrane wings were investigated in detail with increasing both Reynolds number and the aspect ratio.
To verify or not to verify: using partial least squares to predict effect of online news on panic buying during pandemic
Authors: Tan Kim-Lim , Sia Joseph Kee-Ming , Tang Daniel Kuok Ho 
Published: July 2021

PurposeCoronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has given rise to different dimensions of uncommon human behavior, and panic buying is one of them. Interestingly, panic buying research has not been given much attention. The purpose of this paper is threefold. Firstly, it examines the influences of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) elements (subjective norm, attitude and perceived behavior control (PBC)) on panic buying. Secondly, it investigates online news and the perceived likelihood of being affected (PLA) as antecedents to the TPB constructs. Finally, to examine online news verification as a moderator on the relationship between the TPB constructs and panic buying.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 371 respondents and analyzed using the partial least squares method structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). PLS predict was applied to determine the predictive power of the model further.FindingsThis study found that subjective norms and attitude influence panic buying. The results further revealed that online news has a direct influence on the PLA and attitude. However, PBC has no such effect on panic buying. Surprisingly, online news verification also has no moderating effects on the relationships between the TPB elements and panic buying.Originality/valueThis research helps to understand consumer panic buying behavior, especially during shock events such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This study is the first that extends the TPB incorporating both online news and PLA as antecedents to panic buying in the same model. Furthermore, the study serves as an initial attempt to investigate online news verification as a moderator between the link of three constructs of TPB and panic buying, contributing to existing literature. Lastly, it advances the body of knowledge on consumer behavior and contributes methodologically by introducing the PLS approach.
Impact of COVID‐19 pandemic on risk transmission between googling investor’s sentiment, the Chinese stock and bond markets
Authors: Mezghani Taicir , Boujelbène Mouna , Elbayar Mariam 
Published: July 2021

PurposeThe main objective of this paper is to investigate whether the investors' behavior under optimistic (pessimistic) conditions has an impact on risk transmission between the Chinese stock and bond markets and the sector indices mainly during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a new measure of the investor's sentiment based on Google trend to construct a Chinese investor's sentiment index and a quantile causal approach to examine the causal relationship between googling investor's sentiment and the Chinese stock and bond markets as well as the sector indices. On the other hand, the network connectedness is used to estimate the spillover effect on the investor's sentiment and index returns. To check the robustness of the study results, the authors employed the Chinese VIX, as another measure of the investor's sentiment using daily data from May 2019 to December 2020.FindingsIn fact, the authors found a dual causality between the investor's sentiment and the financial market indices in optimistic or pessimistic situations, which indicates that positive and negative financial market returns may have an effect on the Chinese investor's sentiment. In addition, the results indicated that a pessimistic investor's sentiment has a negative impact on the banking, healthcare and utility sectors. In fact, the study results provide a significant peak of connectivity between the investor's sentiment, the stock market and the sector indices during the 2015–2016 and 2019–2020 turmoil periods that coincide respectively with the 2015 recession of the Chinese economy and the COVID-19 pandemic.Originality/valueThis finding suggests that the Chinese googling investor's sentiment is considered as a prominent channel of shock spillovers during the coronavirus crisis, which confirms the behavioral contagion. This study also identifies the contribution of a particular interest for portfolio managers and investors, which helps them to accordingly design their portfolio strategy.
Revisiting the moderating role of culture between job characteristics and job satisfaction: a multilevel analysis of 33 countries
Authors: Gu Manli , Li Tan John Horng , Amin Muslim , Mostafiz Md Imtiaz , Yeoh Ken Kyid 
Published: July 2021

PurposeThis paper aims to address how national culture moderates the relationship between job characteristics and job satisfaction.Design/methodology/approachThe authors examine the most recent data collected from the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) in 2015 from a group of 33 countries. Hofstede's cultural model is used to represent and measure national culture.FindingsOne of the most significant findings from the authors’ two-level regression analysis is that having an interesting job contributes more to job satisfaction in individualistic countries than in collectivist countries. The authors also find that the newly introduced cultural dimension indulgence vs restraint has some significant moderating effect on the relationship between job security, salary, the perceived interest of a job and job satisfaction. Job security also seems to contribute less to job satisfaction in societies that are long-term oriented.Practical implicationsThis study provides further support for a more careful, nuanced examination of job motivation theories. Multinational companies should understand the needs of their employees and diversify their compensation packages accordingly. More attention should be paid to job design in individualistic or indulgent-oriented countries to create a satisfying job experience.Originality/valueThe authors examine the most recent data from ISSP and extend the literature by incorporating two additional cultural dimensions from Hofstede's model as moderators.
Gender bias in team-building activities in China
Authors: Lou Yun , Liu Xuanhui , Chen Pei , Zhang Kejun , Sun Lingyun 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to explore how gender influences peer assessment in team-building activities in China.

Design/methodology/approach
A nine-player Werewolf game was adopted to conduct the experiment. Nine abilities were defined to evaluate players’ performances. Before the game, players filled out a self-assessment questionnaire (five-point Likert scale). After the game, players evaluated other game members’ performances using the same questionnaire. Data were analyzed using linear regression.

Findings
The results showed that gender bias clearly existed in team-building activities, with men more likely to receive better peer assessment than women. In addition, when women presented themselves as actively as men did, they received less favorable evaluations than men, whereas their failures were more likely to be exaggerated.

Practical implications
This study may help build harmonious teams for gender equality, and we give practical suggestions respectively from the perspective of female employees, their managers, and their companies.

Originality/value
Given the importance of team-building activities in teamwork, fair evaluations of team-building performances are essential. However, gender influences on peer assessment in team-building activities in China remain unclear. This study adds new and important knowledge to research on gender bias in teams.
Validating learner-based e-learning barriers: developing an instrument to aid e-learning implementation management and leadership
Authors: Basir Muhammad , Ali Samnan , Gulliver Stephen R. 
Published: July 2021

PurposeCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had global repercussions on use of e-learning solutions. In order to maximise the promise of e-learning, it is necessary for managers to understand, control and avoid barriers that impact learner continuance of e-learning systems. The technology, individual, pedagogy and enabling conditions (TIPEC) framework identified theoretical barriers to e-learning implementation, i.e. grouped into four theoretical concepts (7 technology, 26 individual, 28 pedagogy and 7 enabling conditions). This study validates the 26 theoretical individual barriers. Appreciating individual barriers will help the e-learning implementation team to better scope system requirements and help achieve better student engagement, continuation and ultimately success.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 344 e-learning students and corporate trainees, across a range of degree programs. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was used to define and validate barrier themes. Comparison of results against the findings of Ali et al. (2018) allows comparison of theoretical and validated compound factors.FindingsResults of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis combined several factors and defined 16 significant categories of barriers instead of the 26 mentioned in the TIPEC framework.Originality/valueIndividual learner barriers, unlike technology and pedagogy barriers which can be directly identified and managed, appear abstract and unmanageable. This paper, considering implementation from the learner perspective, not only suggests a more simplified ontology of individual barriers but presents empirically validated questionnaire items (see Appendix) that can be used by implementation managers and practitioners as an instrument to highlight the barriers that impact individuals using e-learning factors. Awareness of individual barriers can help the content provider to adapt system design and/or use conditions to maximize the benefits of e-learning users.
State ownership and value of cash: new evidence from an emerging market
Authors: Tran Quoc Trung 
Published: July 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine how state ownership influences value of cash in an institutional environment supporting soft-budget constraint.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs an interaction between state ownership and excess cash to examine how state ownership affects value of cash holdings based on Fama and French’s (1998) valuation model.FindingsWith a research data of 3,294 observations from 548 firms over the period 2009–2016, the authors find that state ownership is positively related to market value of cash. Moreover, this relationship is weaker in financially constrained firms.Originality/valueAlthough prior studies document a consistently negative effect of state ownership on market value of cash holdings, the authors argue that this effect may still be opposite. When managers of high state ownership firms rely on soft-budget constraint and save less cash, outside investors with this information disadvantage may focus more on precautionary motive and transaction motive than agency costs of cash holdings. As a result, value of cash holdings in high state ownership firms is higher. This paper contributes to the literature on corporate liquidity policy in emerging markets with new evidence on the role of state ownership in market value of cash holdings.
Communicating supply chain sustainability: transparency and framing effects
Authors: Duan Yanji , Aloysius John A. , Mollenkopf Diane A. 
Published: July 2021

PurposeFirms employ various forms of disclosure to demonstrate commitment to and involvement in sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) practices. This research provides guidance to firms employing framing strategies when communicating their SSCM with external stakeholders like consumers as part of their supply chain transparency efforts.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employed a middle-range theorizing approach to understand the context of SSCM practices and mechanisms of variously framed communication methods to disclose sustainability information to consumers. The authors conducted two experiments in an e-waste recycling context, studying how sustainable information disclosed to consumers using attribute framing and goal framing can affect consumers' attitudes. The authors also examined the moderating role of consumers' environmental involvement.FindingsResults suggest that when attribute framing is used, firms should avoid framing the attribute from a negative valence. When goal framing is used, messages with consequences stated as “avoid loss” yield the most substantial effect. Additionally, framing effects are more significant for consumers with higher-than-average environmental involvement.Originality/valueThe authors’ results contribute to the ongoing theorization of SSCM by providing contextual understanding of how to communicate sustainability information. Corroborating evidence from marketing, framing effects are found to be context specific, thereby elucidating the framing literature more fully to the SSCM context. The authors extend this literature by studying attribute framing and comparing the effectiveness of all possible goal framing combinations of valence and gain/loss perspective in the SSCM communication context.
Theory building via agent-based modeling in public administration research: vindications and limitations
Authors: Choi Taehyon , Park Shinae 
Published: July 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to provide an overview of agent-based modeling as an alternative method for public administration research. It is focused on encouraging public administration scholars to come to better understanding of the method.Design/methodology/approachThis article performed a comprehensive review of methodological issues relative to agent-based modeling.FindingsAfter reviewing the current research themes in public administration and the methodological nature of agent-based modeling, we found that agent-based modeling can help researchers to advance theories by means of sophisticated thought experiment which is not possible by formal modeling and verbal reasoning. We also pointed out that agent-based modeling does not substitute empirical research, but can add much value through being part of a mixed-method and multidisciplinary research.Practical implicationsWe suggested that interested researchers may need to take a strategic approach in developing and describing a pertinent model and reporting its results.Originality/valueAgent-based modeling has rarely been used in public administration research. The article provides an introductory overview for researchers not familiar with ABM and suggests to the academic community future venues that would unfold from agent-based modeling.