bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CONTAMINACIÓN ORGÁNICA DEL RÍO CHAMBO EN EL ÁREA DE DESCARGA DE AGUA RESIDUAL DE LA CIUDAD DE RIOBAMBA
Authors: Béjar Suárez Jaime , Mendoza Trujillo Benito 
Published: January 2021

El problema de la contaminación de las aguas es uno de los grandes desafíos para la humanidad. Por lo tanto, su estudio y conocimiento es una necesidad, más aún en lugares con poca o ninguna infraestructura que permita el tratamiento de aguas residuales, tal como es el caso del vertimiento directo de aguas servidas en la mayoría de los ríos del Ecuador. Esta investigación busca determinar la contaminación orgánica en un tramo del río chambo, localizado en la provincia de Chimborazo, Ecuador, en el que se vierten, sin tratamiento previo las aguas residuales de la ciudad de Riobamba, así como las aguas contaminadas del río chibunga. Para este estudio se aplica el índice Icomopara la valoración de la contaminación orgánica en ríos, basado en la determinación experimental del oxígeno disuelto, dbo y coliformes totales. Las mediciones realizadas de estos parámetros fueron realizadas en un espacio temporal de 7 días en 7 puntos de muestreo. El estudio verificó que el río mantiene un nivel de contaminación orgánica bajo antes de la descarga de agua residual y que además después de la misma logra autodepurarse aguas abajo por efecto de la geomorfología y el caudal que este posee.
IMPROVING STUDENTSâ€™ ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION THROUGH ROLEPLAY
Authors: Amir Mochamad Abdul Azis , Rachmaniar Ananda , Rismayadi Hendri , Julius Andre 
Published: January 2021

The background of the study is the low achievement motivation of the studentsin which they are unable to show their potential optimally. Thisstudy aims to increase the studentsâ€™achievementmotivation throughroleplay. The study employed a quasi-experimental method with a nonequivalent (pretest and posttest) control group design. The participants of the study were the grade X students ofSMAN 6 Â Bandung in academic year 2019/2020. The result shows that studentsâ€™ achievement motivation is increased through role play. Role playtechniqueis able to provide changes in the studentsâ€™ attitudes which are supported by the results of the assessment conducted on selected students as assessors.
Eficiencia del gasto público en educación y salud en América Latina
Authors: Mesías-Tamayo Rita Alexandra , Reza-Paocarina Edíson Bolívar , Leòn Serrano Lady Andrea 
Published: January 2021

El reporte y cuantificación de recursos públicos utilizados para la provisión de programas de protección social se constituye en una herramienta relevante para la ejecución de análisis comparativos a nivel nacional, subnacional, regional, o global, sin embargo, existen al menos dos componentes adicionales que son de igual importancia: i) el impacto de dichos programas sobre el bienestar de grupos en situación de tratamiento; y, ii) la eficiencia en el uso de dichos recursos. Si bien los gobiernos deben redistribuir los recursos focalizando sus políticas públicas, a la par deben establecer cuán eficiente está siendo esta gestión para que la población más vulnerable mejore su calidad de vida e incremente el capital humano a nivel social. Dada la importancia de la implementación de indicadores de eficiencia para garantizar la consecución de objetivos en un espacio fiscal cada vez más reducido, el objetivo de la investigación plantea evaluar la eficiencia en el uso de recursos dentro de los sectores educación y salud, para varios países de América Latina, mediante la aplicación metodológica del Análisis Envolvente de Datos a indicadores específicos de dichos sectores, así como mostrar la sencillez de la aplicación de este método para desarrollar propuestas de evaluación de política pública. Los principales resultados destacan que los efectos son mejores en cuanto exista una política pública definida y estable, como el caso de Chile, debido a la implementación del balance estructural, que bloquea los efectos adversos de los ciclos económicos sobre las finanzas públicas.
A core competency model for clinical informationists
Authors: Hashemian Mohammadreza , Zare-Farashbandi Firoozeh , Yamani Nikoo , Rahimi Alireza , Adibi Peyman 
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Access to high-quality information improves the quality of patient care, but lack of time and sufficient skills in information seeking can prevent access to information by clinicians. To solve this problem, clinical informationists can provide high-quality, filtered information for clinical team members. This study identified the core competencies that clinical informationists need to effectively fulfill their roles on clinical teams.Methods: Participants were selected purposefully from clinicians and medical librarians. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using qualitative content analysis.Results: The authors identified six competencies—communication, research, education and training, domain knowledge, information services, and technology—which together were used to develop a “CREDIT” model of core competencies for clinical informationists.Conclusions: The CREDIT model can be used as criteria for evaluating the performance of clinical informationists as well as for developing and assessing clinical informationist educational programs and curriculums. This article has been approved for the Medical Library Association’s Independent Reading Program.
Diseño y Evaluación de Actividades Intruccionales Conducentes a las Estrategias de Aprendizaje Elaborativa y Profunda
Authors: Pérez Fuentes Fernando , Truffello Camponovo Irene 
Published: January 2021

Con el propósito de conseguir que los estudiantes de 3° año medio de cinco establecimientos de Santiago, de niveles socio-económicos bajo y medio bajo superaran los niveles de procesamiento superficial y reiterativo de la información y se iniciaran en el procesamiento elaborativo y profundo, se diseñaron y aplicaron
actividades instruccionales para la asignatura de Castellano.
Durante el primer año los profesores de esos centros estudiaron la teoría que sustenta el Inventario de Estrategias de Aprendizaje de Schmeck y elaboraron y
probaron 10 módulos en consonancia con esa teoría, los módulos corregidos fueron el material usado, en el segundo año (1995), por los estudiantes en sus
clases de Castellano.
Pese a que los niños participantes en la experiencia carecen de buenas bibliotecas, laboratorios, textos de estudio y de cualquier otro apoyo educacional y que en el
resto de las asignaturas se les siguió sometiendo a clases expositivas y a pruebas de memorización, los promedios obtenidos en los factores procesamiento
elaborativo y profundo fueron significativamente distintos entre la 1ª y 2ª mediciones. Sus resultados finales superaron o igualaron a los parámetros nacionales de colegios de condición superior. Paralelamente, las mediciones de autoestima dejaron constancia de una ganancia significativa entre una y otra mediciones.
Validación test de comprensión oral del idioma inglés
Authors: Valderrama Reyes Hortensia , Riquelme del Solar Gladys 
Published: January 2021

En la investigación Calidad da la Enseñanza del idioma Inglés N° 94.61.21-1.3. patrocinada par la Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de Concepción, para los niveles de competencias lingüísticas de alumnos de 8° año básico, se diseñó un Test tomando como referencia la prueba aplicada en el Reino Unido: Report on 1985 Sutvey of French. Este test permite examinar la habilidad lingüística de comprensión oral del idioma Inglés, concordante con los objetivos vigentes en el programa oficial del MINEDUC.
La prueba está estructurada, siguiendo un ordenamiento coherente con las siete habilidades lingüísticas contempladas. Los reactivos corresponden a estímulos auditivos, figurativos y de completación. La administración de la prueba es grupal, las instrucciones las da el examinador. Cada alumno tiene su formato de respuesta y la audición se realiza a través de grabaciones. La prueba tiene un Manual de Administración para el profesor examinador y un tiempo límite para su desarrollo por parte del alumno, que es simultáneo con la audición de la cinta.
La validación fue estudiada en una muestra de 134 estudiantes de 8° básico pertenecientes a establecimientos de diferente dependencia. Se hizo un análisis de factores con rotación Varimax para observar la validez cíe la estructura interna, confirmando la existencia de siete factores que explican la variabilidad de la prueba. La naturaleza de ellos corresponde a cada una de las habilidades consideradas. La confiabilidad se determinó a partir de Kuder Richardson 2.0, el valor fue de 0, 990, lo cual es significativo. El grado de correlación entre las habilidades es significativo al 5%. El índice de facilidad de la prueba es adecuado así como el índice de discriminación general (rpbis=0, 345).
Teoría implícita y formación inicial del profesorado de Educación Media
Authors: Rodríguez Zedán Eduardo 
Published: January 2021

El propósito del estudio es profundizar sobre la incidencia de las teorías implícitas del profesorado, con el fin de continuar investigando el proceso de inserción profesional de los futuros docentes. Nos planteamos como objetivo aportar
elementos de interpretación del actual proceso de formación de profesores, en el marco de la reforma propuesta por los Centros Regionales de Profesores, a partir del análisis de las opiniones, percepciones y concepciones pedagógicas de los futuros docentes. Luego de presentar una síntesis conceptual sobre las teorías implícitas y los avances de la investigación sobre el pensamiento del profesor analizamos información de un universo total de 87 estudiantes de 3er. año del CERP del Litoral, ubicado en la ciudad de Salto, Uruguay. Aplicamos un modelo de investigación que integra los paradigmas cuantitativo y cualitativo. Entre otras conclusiones, se demuestra que las teorías implícitas de los docentes y sus creencias epistemológicas se presentan como variables determinantes para explicar los estilos pedagógicas que adoptan en su práctica educativa, siendo esta una de las principales dificultades para promover cambios en los paradigmas de la formación docente.
Analisis psicométrico de las Escalas de Inteligencias Múltiples Midas-Teens
Authors: Pizarro Sánchez Raúl , Redondo Rojo Jesús María , Castillo Narvaéz Julio , Alarcón Quezada Dina , Saavedra María de los Ángeles 
Published: January 2021

Esta investigación metodológica-métrica es una parte del proyecto FONDEF D00I1047, Universidad de Chile. Se analizan las Escalas MIDAS-Teens de Shearer, : 1999, aplicadas a 429 Alumnos, 2°. Medio Científico-Humanista, 12 Colegios, Santiago de Chile, 2001. Las Escalas presentaron excelente calidad métrica: Dificultad Media = 57,22 %; Discriminación Media = 81,7 %; Confiabílidad Media = 0,8124. Se computaron 9 Rs con lógicas backward y stepwise, resultando todos significativos. El menor R contempló a la IM Lingüística con explicación del 69,40 % (F = 970,489; SIG,= 0,0000) de la dispersión del Puntaje Total. Excluyendo las IMs Interpersonal y Naturalista, existió diferenciación significativa entre las 3 tipologías de Colegios. Las IMs CinestésicoCorporal, LógicoMatemática y Espacial favorecieron significativamente a los Hombres. La IM Interpersonal, a las Mujeres. Se realizó Análisis Factorial comprobatorio vía componentes principales, rotación Varimax con normalización Kaiser y corte item-factor 0,30: 7 IMs fueron comprobadas; pero, la IM Intrapersonal apareció inmersa en 3 Factores (Lingüístico, Interpersonal, LógicoMatemático.	.
COVID-19 pandemic – mode of transmission and preventative measures to stop its spreading
Authors: Parrey Imtiyaz Rasool 
Published: January 2021

The purpose of our research was into providing a protocol to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection in light of the limited information related to this coronavirus. In detail, we broke down and looked focused on proof based rules gave in the different nations influenced by this pestilence up till now. In addition, we broke down the suggestions for the counteraction and control of different pandemics brought about by different pathogens having a place with a similar group of coronaviruses or others that present similar instruments of transmission Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) have emerged, and given the momentum nonappearance of exceptionally powerful endorsed antibodies or medications, beast power approaches including physical hindrances are being utilized to counter infection spread. A significant reason for physical insurance from respiratory contaminations is eye, nose, and mouth security. Nonetheless, eye insurance with goggles is dangerous due to "misting", while nose/mouth assurance is confused by the breathing challenges related with non-valved respirators.Key words: Coronavirus, Pandemic, Transmission, Preventative Measures.
Unraveling the cooperative effects of acid sites and kinetics for pyrolysis of CHF3 to C2F4 and C3F6 on SO42−/ZrO2‐SiO2
Authors: Wang Gang , Cai Guangming 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe treatment or upgrading of waste trifluoromethane (CHF3, R23), which has a significant greenhouse effect, is of great importance in industry. Herein, series of SO42−/ZrO2‐SiO2 catalysts with different Brønsted and Lewis acid site densities and ratios were prepared for pyrolysis of R23 to tetrafluoroethylene (C2F4, TFE) and hexafluoropropylene (C3F6, HFP). The effects of impregnation concentration of (NH4)2SO4 on specific surface area, crystal phase, and Brønsted and Lewis acid site densities and ratios were respectively demonstrated. The Brønsted and Lewis acid sites were observed to have cooperative effects on R23 transformation and up to 94.6% selectivity of (TFE + HFP) could be achieved at 750°C. The kinetic studies revealed the decomposition of R23 into CF2 carbene and HF was the rate‐determining step, and a deactivation behavior was found due to the site coverage and pore blockage by the oligomers of TFE and HFP.
Highly Stable Plating/Stripping Behavior of Zinc Metal Anodes in Aqueous Zinc Batteries Regulated by Quaternary Ammonium Cationic Salts
Authors: Qiu Qiliang , Chi Xiaowei , Huang Jiaqi , Du Yuexiu , Liu Yu 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) have attracted wide attention as large‐scale energy storage systems, owing to their obvious merits such as high safety, low cost, and simple maintenance. However, the development of AZIBs is seriously hindered by Zn dendrite‐induced low efficiency, cell fading, and even cell short‐circuiting. Unlike the traditional anode modification strategies, this work stabilized the Zn anode by functionalizing the aqueous electrolyte with a series of quaternary ammonium cationic compounds. The cations of the compounds can be adsorbed on the surface of the metallic Zn during electrodeposition process, which alters the nucleation and deposition behavior of zinc ions according to the molecular structure of the cations. Tetraethyl ammonium bromide (TEAB) was, for the first time, demonstrated to guide homogeneous Zn deposition, thereby inhibiting the growth of dendrites in near‐neutral electrolytes. Highly reversible Zn stripping/plating performance with an average coulombic efficiency of 99.7 % is achieved. Particularly, the Zn−Zn symmetric cell based on TEAB‐containing electrolyte exhibits an ultra‐long cycling time of 3000 h at 1 mA cm−2 and even 800 h at 5 mA cm−2; the Zn−MnO2 full cell shows stable cycling under the condition of the practical‐level mass loading.
Channel estimation based on low‐complexity hierarchical codebook design for millimeter‐wave MIMO systems
Authors: Hadji Baghdad , Fergani Lamya , Djeddou Mustapha 
Published: January 2021

SummaryMillimeter‐wave bands (mmWave) are considered as a strong candidate for achieving high‐quality communication links for the future outdoor cellular systems to overcome the spectrum congestion problem. Due to the extremely high path loss in mmWave band, large antenna arrays at both the transmitter and receiver are necessary. Hybrid beamforming architectures are used to exploit the potential array gain with several RF chains, which poses a problem of complexity when estimating the mmWave channel. To address the challenge of this hardware complexity, we propose in this paper an approach to design a multiresolution hierarchical codebook to meet parallel multistream data based on the physical design via hybrid analog/digital architecture with low complexity, i.e., 2‐bit phase state and few numbers of RF chains. The simulation results verify that our proposed method to design the codebook has better design performance of beams and can achieve higher average spectral efficiency gains of channel estimation compared to the one based on high hardware complexity.
Reliability of radiomics features due to image reconstruction using a standardized T2‐weighted pulse sequence for MR‐guided radiotherapy: An anthropomorphic phantom study
Authors: Xue Cindy , Zhou Yihang , Lo Gladys Goh , Wong Oi Lei , Yu Siu Ki , Cheung Kin Yin , Yuan Jing 
Published: January 2021

PurposeTo prospectively investigate the impact of image reconstruction on MRI radiomics features.MethodsAn anthropomorphic phantom was scanned at 1.5 T using a standardized sequence for MR‐guided radiotherapy under SENSE and compressed‐SENSE reconstruction settings. A total of 93 first‐order and texture radiomics features in 10 volumes of interest were assessed based on (1) accuracy measured by the percentage deviation from the reference, (2) robustness on reconstruction in all volumes of interest measured by the intraclass correlation coefficient, and (3) repeatability measured by the coefficient of variance over the repetitive acquisitions. Finally, reliable and unreliable radiomics features were comprehensively determined based on their accuracy, robustness, and repeatability.ResultsBetter accuracy and robustness of the radiomics features were achieved under SENSE than compressed‐SENSE reconstruction. The feature accuracy under SENSE reconstruction was more affected by acceleration factor than direction, whereas under compressed‐SENSE reconstruction, accuracy was substantially impacted by the increasing denoising levels. Feature repeatability was dependent more on feature types than on reconstruction. A total of 45 reliable features and 13 unreliable features were finally determined for SENSE, compared with 22 reliable and 26 unreliable features for compressed SENSE. First‐order and gray‐level co‐occurrence matrix features were generally more reliable than other features.ConclusionRadiomics features could be substantially affected by MRI reconstruction, so precautions need to be taken regarding their reliability for clinical use. This study helps the guidance of the preselection of reliable radiomics features and the preclusion of unreliable features in MR‐guided radiotherapy.
Eco‐friendly bamboo fiber‐reinforced poly(butylene succinate) biocomposites
Authors: Pivsa‐Art Sommai , Pivsa‐Art Weraporn 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis research experimentally synthesizes bamboo fiber‐reinforced biocomposites by using bamboo fiber (BF) as filler material and poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) as biodegradable polymer matrix. The experimental filler materials included alkaline‐treated BF and untreated BF. The alkali treatment of BF was carried out to remove the hydrophobic components from the BF surface. The PBS/BF ratios were varied between 90/10, 80/20, and 70/30 (w/w). The experiments revealed that the tensile strength of PBS/treated BF biocomposites were higher than that of PBS/untreated BF ones, independent of BF content. Elongation at break decreased with increase in BF content, while Young's modulus increased as BF content increased. The Izod impact strength of the biocomposites were similar to that of neat PBS. The water absorption capacity of PBS/BF biocomposites increased with increase in BF content. The water uptake of alkali‐treated BF was higher than that of untreated BF as lignin and hemicellulose were removed from the BF surface. The novelty of this research lies in the use of biodegradable PBS polymer as biocomposite matrix reinforced with natural fiber, as opposed to conventional petroleum‐based non‐biodegradable polymers. Moreover, this research also performed water absorption experiments to characterize the effect of alkali treatment on bamboo fibers. The characteristic of biocomposites is appropriate to be used as packaging and indoor furniture parts.
The impact of polystyrene microplastics on cardiomyocytes pyroptosis through NLRP3/Caspase‐1 signaling pathway and oxidative stress in Wistar rats
Authors: Wei Jialiu , Wang Xifeng , Liu Qian , Zhou Na , Zhu Shuxiang , Li Zekang , Li Xiaoli , Yao Jinpeng , Zhang Lianshuang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe extensive existing of microplastics (MPs) in the ecosystem have increased considerable attention concerning their potential adverse effects, the toxicities and the underlying mechanism of MPs are still scarce. To explore the effect of MPs on cardiac tissue in Wistar rats and unravel the mechanism of pyroptosis and oxidative stress in the process of cardiomyocytes injury, 32 male Wister rats were divided into control group and three model groups, which were exposed to 0.5 mm PS MPs at 0.5, 5 and 50 mg/L for 90 days. Results revealed that MPs could damage cardiac structure and function with impaired mitochondria integrity, as well as increased levels of creatine kinase‐MB and cardiac troponinI (cTnI). Moreover, MPs administration triggered oxidative stress as indicated by increased levels of malondialdehyde and decreased activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase. Treatment with MPs resulted in apoptosis and pyroptosis as evidenced by increasing expressions of interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐18. Additionally, MPs were shown to induce the NOD‐like receptor protein 3 inflammasomes activation in cardiac tissue, enabling activation of Caspase‐1‐dependent signaling pathway induced by inflammatory stimuli resulting from oxidative stress. In summary, these results illustrated that pyroptosis played a vital role in polystyrene MPs‐induced cardiotoxicity, which might be helpful to understand the mechanism of cardiac dysfunction and induced by MPs.
Pseudoscalar glueballs in the Klebanov-Strassler theory
Authors: Melnikov Dmitry , Filho Cornélio Rodrigues 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this paper we describe a pseudoscalar subsector of the Klebanov-Strassler model. This subsector completes the holographic reconstruction of the spectrum of the lowest-lying glueball states, which are singlet under the global symmetry group SU(2) × SU(2). We derive the linearized supergravity equations for the pseudoscalar fluctuations and analyze their spectrum. The system of equations is shown to be compatible with six eigenmodes, as expected from supersymmetry. Our numerical analysis allows to reliably extract four of the corresponding towers. Their values match well the eigenvalues of the 0++ scalar states known from an earlier work. Assuming the masses of 0++ as a reference, we compare the lightest states of the holographic spectrum with lattice calculations in the quenched QCD at Nc = 3 and Nc = ∞.