bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic underpinnings of regional adiposity distribution in African Americans: Assessments from the Jackson Heart Study
Authors: Anwar Mohammad Y. , Raffield Laura M. , Lange Leslie A. , Correa Adolfo , Taylor Kira C. 
Published: August 2021

Background
African ancestry individuals with comparable overall anthropometric measures to Europeans have lower abdominal adiposity. To explore the genetic underpinning of different adiposity patterns, we investigated whether genetic risk scores for well-studied adiposity phenotypes like body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) also predict other, less commonly measured adiposity measures in 2420 African American individuals from the Jackson Heart Study.

Methods
Polygenic risk scores (PRS) were calculated using GWAS-significant variants extracted from published studies mostly representing European ancestry populations for BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR) adjusted for BMI (WHRBMIadj), waist circumference adjusted for BMI (WCBMIadj), and body fat percentage (BF%). Associations between each PRS and adiposity measures including BF%, subcutaneous adiposity tissue (SAT), visceral adiposity tissue (VAT) and VAT:SAT ratio (VSR) were examined using multivariable linear regression, with or without BMI adjustment.

Results
In non-BMI adjusted models, all phenotype-PRS were found to be positive predictors of BF%, SAT and VAT. WHR-PRS was a positive predictor of VSR, but BF% and BMI-PRS were negative predictors of VSR. After adjusting for BMI, WHR-PRS remained a positive predictor of BF%, VAT and VSR but not SAT. WC-PRS was a positive predictor of SAT and VAT; BF%-PRS was a positive predictor of BF% and SAT only.

Conclusion
These analyses suggest that genetically driven increases in BF% strongly associate with subcutaneous rather than visceral adiposity and BF% is strongly associated with BMI but not central adiposity-associated genetic variants. How common genetic variants may contribute to observed differences in adiposity patterns between African and European ancestry individuals requires further study.
Predictive factors of relapse after dose reduction of oral 5-aminosalicylic acid in patients with ulcerative colitis in the remission phase
Authors: Madarame Akira , Fukuzawa Masakatsu , Yamauchi Yoshiya , Kono Shin , Sugimoto Akihiko , Yamaguchi Hayato , Morise Takashi , Koyama Yohei , Uchida Kumiko , Suguro Maya , Matsumoto Taisuke , Yasuyuki Kagawa , Kawai Takashi , Itoi Takao 
Published: August 2021

Objectives
Useful indices to determine whether to reduce the dose of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) during remission remain unclear. We aimed to analyze the rate and risk factors of relapse after reducing the dose of oral 5-ASA used for maintenance therapy of UC.

Methods
UC patients whose 5-ASA dose was reduced in clinical remission (partial Mayo score of ≤ 1) at our institution from 2012 to 2017 were analyzed. Various clinical variables of patients who relapsed after reducing the dose of oral 5-ASA were compared with those of patients who maintained remission. Risk factors for relapse were assessed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Cumulative relapse-free survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method.

Results
A total of 70 UC patients were included; 52 (74.3%) patients maintained remission and 18 (25.7%) patients relapsed during the follow-up period. Multivariate analysis indicated that a history of acute severe UC (ASUC) was an independent predictive factor for clinical relapse (p = 0.024, odds ratio: 21, 95% confidence interval: 1.50–293.2). Based on Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, the cumulative relapse-free survival rate within 52 weeks was 22.2% for patients with a history of ASUC, compared with 82.0% for those without. the log-rank test showed a significant difference in a history of ASUC (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Dose reduction of 5-ASA should be performed carefully in patients who have a history of ASUC.
The Tyranny of Merit: What’s Become of the Common Good?, Michael J. Sandel (2020)
Authors: Davies Ian 
Published: August 2021

Review of: The Tyranny of Merit: What’s Become of the Common Good?, Michael J. Sandel (2020)
London: Allen Lane, 272 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-241-40759-2, h/bk, £20
The COVID trap: pediatric diagnostic errors in a pandemic world
Authors: Fatemi Yasaman , Coffin Susan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced strains in the diagnostic process through uncertainty in diagnosis, changes to usual clinical processes, and introduction of a unique social context of altered health care delivery and fear of the medical environment. These challenges created a context ripe for diagnostic error involving both systems and cognitive factors.

Case presentation
We present a series of three pediatric cases presenting to care during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic that highlight the heightened potential for diagnostic errors in the pandemic context with particular focus on the interplay of systems and cognitive factors leading to delayed and missed diagnoses. These cases illustrate the particular power of availability bias, diagnostic momentum, and premature closure in the diagnostic process.

Conclusions
Through integrated commentary and a fishbone analysis of the cognitive and systems factors at play, these three cases emphasize the specific influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric patients.
Mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced asphalt concrete: Finite element simulation and experimental study
Authors: Gao Huan , Zhang Lizhe , Zhang Dongbo , Ji Tao , Song Jun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Polymer fiber reinforcement can elevate the pavement performance indicators of asphalt concrete, including low temperature crack resistance, high temperature stability, and water stability. Fiber-reinforced asphalt concrete (FRAC) is a suitable solution to improve the road performance of asphalt concrete. However, the mechanism of the fiber parameters in asphalt concrete has still not been introduced. Herein we studied the influence of fiber geometry characteristics on improving the mechanical properties of asphalt concrete through numerical simulation. The finite element method (FEM) was used to establish an elastoplastic mesoscopic model for indirect tensile test of the asphalt mixtures via ABAQUS. The best fiber length, volume ratio, diameter, and modulus were confirmed based on the simulated results. Furthermore, the indirect tensile tests were undertaken to prove the influence of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber parameters on the FRAC’s splitting stability. This study fills the gap between theoretical simulations and laboratory experiments, and it is a promising solution to improve engineered FRAC road performance.
A cogeneration scheme with biogas and improvement of frequency stability using inertia based control in AC microgrid
Authors: Santra Subhendu Bikash , Ogungbe Babatunde Tolu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Currently, penetration of the renewable energy sources (RES) like solar photovoltaic (PV) panels, wind turbine-based plants is increasing in the conventional power grid to combat pollution, global warming, and to enhance energy sustainability. Fast power electronic converters are necessary to extract power from these sources which do not have any inertia. When more renewable sources are connected to the power grid, it reduces the effective system inertia which results in unacceptable grid frequency changes for any transient. This leads to frequent tripping, cascading fault, and instability of the overall system which can create large-scale blackouts. This work is related to the generation of physical inertia through the biogas plant and emulates inertia from the dc-link capacitor to control the rate of change of frequency (RoCoF) under abrupt load change. The stored energy in a biogas plant and dc-link capacitor in an AC microgrid (MG) can support momentary power requirement which improves the transient performance of grid frequency under unavailability of PV power. A storage system can help to compensate for abrupt frequency change during transient but due to its higher cost and relatively lesser lifetime, these systems can’t be relied upon in the long run. The proposed scheme of cogeneration and frequency control can provide better performance which is simulated in MATLAB 2013 (b). The control system is implemented in hardware using NI-cRiO 9082 in 500 W AC MG which shows 53.57% improvement in RoCoF which complies with the requirement of IEEE/IEC 60255-118-1.
Coordinated power management and control of renewable energy sources based smart grid
Authors: Malla Siva Ganesh , Malla Jagan Mohana Rao , Malla Priyanka , Ramasamy Sreekanth , Doniparthi Satish Kumar , Sahu Manoj Kumar , Subudhi Pravat Kumar , Awad Hilmy 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Renewable energy-based smart grids are famous nowadays due to their high intellectual properties. The world is starting new inventions in renewable energy-based electrical power generation systems to reduce global warming. However, a single renewable energy source cannot maintain a proper energy management system and reliability of power towards loads. Hence, integrating two or more systems is very important and can form a smart grid with an appropriate energy management system. Effective energy management system for a 4-wire 1-MW smart grid system is proposed in this paper. The system is composed of three solar plants and three wind farms with a battery bank. The battery energy management system can operate the complete system as a smart grid with the proper design of the controllers. The maximum power points of PV plants are tracked using a hybrid algorithm that merges the merits of Modified Invasive Weed Optimization and Perturb and Observe (P&O). Thus, the maximum power is obtained under partial shading conditions. The P&O algorithm is also developed to track the maximum power of wind farms. All the loads and generation units are connected in a ring-configuration distribution with a centralized battery energy management system. The loads are selected to be unbalanced, nonlinear and reactive to simulate practical cases. TS-Fuzzy based common inverter controller is implemented to maintain acceptable power quality, which is linked to the battery. The proposed inverter controller can work as a reactive power compensator, active power filter, voltage regulator under unbalanced load, and power balancing device between generation and load. Extensive Hardware-in-Loop (HIL) results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed system.
Carcinogen sodium arsenite disrupts antioxidant and redox homeostasis in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Oyibo Aghogho , Abolaji Amos O. , Odunola Oyeronke A. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The inadvertent exposure to environmental contaminants has been reported to induce cancer in different animal models. Here, we investigated the toxicity of Sodium Arsenite (SA), a Class I Carcinogen in Drosophila melanogaster.

Methods
Harwich fly strain (1–3 days old) of both sexes were orally exposed to SA (0, 0.0312, 0.0625 and 0.125 mM) for 14 days for survival study. Thereafter, 5 days exposure period was selected to assess the toxic effects of SA on oxidative stress and antioxidant markers.

Results
The results indicated that SA induced significant reduction in survival and emergence rate of flies. Furthermore, SA significantly increased Nitric Oxide (NO, nitrite and nitrate) and Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) levels in flies compared with control (p<0.05). In addition, SA inhibited catalase and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities, and depleted total thiol and glutathione (GSH) contents. Moreover, acetylcholinesterase activity significantly increased in flies treated with SA when compared with control.

Conclusions
Sodium arsenite-induced reduction in survival and emergence rates of flies occurred via the disruption of oxidative stress-antioxidant homeostasis in D. melanogaster.
Analysis of the influence of asymmetric geological conditions on stability of high arch dam
Authors: Ding Zelin , Zhu Xuanyi , Zhang Hongyang , Ban Hanlin , Chen Yuan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Geological conditions play a decisive role in the stability of arch dam engineering, and the asymmetric geological conditions of the abutment have a very negative impact on the safety of the arch dam. This article takes Lizhou arch dam as the research object, and determines that the arch dam is preliminarily affected by the geological asymmetric characteristics. Through the geomechanical model test method, the overload failure test of the Lizhou arch dam was carried out, and the resistance body, the instability deformation of the structural plane of the two dam abutments, and the influence of each structural plane on the dam body are obtained, and the safety factor is determined. According to the test results under the condition of asymmetric foundation of arch dam, for the structural plane which affects the geological asymmetry of the arch dam, the corresponding reinforcement measures are carried out. The feasibility of the reinforcement scheme is verified by the finite element method, and the safety factor after reinforcement is obtained. According to the results, it is suggested that some engineering measures can be taken to reduce the geological asymmetry between the two banks and ensure the safe and stable operation of the arch dam in the future.
Acute Responses to Cycling Exercise With Blood Flow Restriction During Various Intensities
Authors: Lauver Jakob D. , Moran Austin , Guilkey Justin P. , Johnson Kelly E. , Zanchi Nelo E. , Rotarius Timothy R. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Lauver, JD, Moran, A, Guilkey, JP, Johnson, KE, Zanchi, NE, and Rotarius, TR. Acute responses to cycling exercise with blood flow restriction during various intensities. J Strength Cond Res 36(12): 3366–3373, 2022—The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute physiological responses during cycling at various intensities with blood flow restriction (BFR). Subjects (N = 9; V̇o
2peak = 36.09 ± 5.80 ml·kg−1·min−1) performed 5 protocols: high-intensity (HIGH), control (CON-90), 90% of ventilatory threshold (VT) work rate with BFR (90-BFR), 70% of VT with BFR (70-BFR), and 30% V̇o
2peak with BFR (30-BFR). Protocols consisted of five 2-minute work intervals interspersed with 1-minute recovery intervals. Blood flow restriction pressure was 80% of limb occlusion pressure. V̇o
2, muscle excitation, tissue oxygen saturation (StO2), discomfort, and level of perceived exertion (RPE) were assessed. Muscle excitation was higher during HIGH (302.9 ± 159.9 %BSL [baseline]) compared with 70-BFR (99.7 ± 76.4 %BSL) and 30-BFR (98.2 ± 70.5 %BSL). StO2 was greater during 90-BFR (40.7 ± 12.5 ∆BSL), 70-BFR (34.4 ± 15.2 ∆BSL), and 30-BFR (31.9 ± 18.7 ∆BSL) compared with CON-90 (4.4 ± 11.5 ∆BSL). 90-BFR (39.6 ± 12.0 ∆BSL) resulted in a greater StO2-Avg compared with HIGH (20.5 ± 13.8 ∆BSL). Also, HIGH (23.68 ± 5.31 ml·kg−1·min−1) resulted in a greater V̇o
2 compared with 30-BFR (15.43 ± 3.19 ml·kg−1·min−1), 70-BFR (16.65 ± 3.26 ml·kg−1·min−1), and 90-BFR (18.28 ± 3.89 ml·kg−1·min−1); 90-BFR (intervals: 4 = 15.9 ± 2.3; intervals: 5 = 16.4 ± 2.5) resulted in a greater RPE compared with 30-BFR (intervals: 4 = 13.3 ± 1.4; intervals: 5 = 13.7 ± 1.7) during intervals 4 and 5. These results suggest that when adding BFR to various intensities of aerobic exercise, consideration should be given to peak work and VT to provide a balance between high local physiological stress and perceptual responses.
Le régiolecte marseillais à l’écran
Authors: Bedijs Kristina 
Published: August 2021

Le langage des productions audiovisuelles fictionnelles est un langage artificiel, préconstruit par des scénaristes et mis en scène par des acteurs – mais le but d’un film étant l’immersion du public dans la diégèse, les dialogues doivent être vraisemblables en termes d’oralité spontanée (cf. Bedijs 2012 et 2017, Goetsch 1985). Les caractères doivent parler un langage qui respecte les aspects sociaux et contextuels du diasystème, et si les personnages proviennent d’une région dialectale, on peut s’attendre à ce que leur langage reflète ce régiolecte dans une mesure compréhensible par le grand public. Dans cette contribution, nous proposons une analyse variationnelle des dialogues de deux fictions intitulées MARSEILLE, le long métrage (Merad 2016) et la série télévisée (Franck 2016), centrée sur la mise en scène du régiolecte marseillais. En partant des études récentes sur le « parler marseillais » (cf. Gasquet-Cyrus 2016, Géa & Gasquet-Cyrus 2017), nous prenons en compte surtout la réalisation du schwa et des voyelles nasales suivi de consonnes nasales et parfois d’un appendice vélaire, deux éléments considérés comme typiques de l’accent du Midi (cf. Coquillon & Durand 2010). Outre le constat que l’emploi de l’accent dépend du contexte communicatif, nous suggérons que la biographie des acteurs joue un rôle pour la crédibilité de cette mise en scène.
Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Dialysis
Authors: Lacson Eduardo , Argyropoulos Christos P. , Manley Harold J. , Aweh Gideon , Chin Andrew I. , Salman Loay H. , Hsu Caroline M. , Johnson Doug S. , Weiner Daniel E. 
Published: August 2021

Significance Statement
In this retrospective observational evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine seroresponse defined by levels of Ig-G against the receptor-binding domain of the S1 subunit of SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen ≥2 U/L in patients receiving maintenance dialysis, 165 out of 186 (88.7%) were responsive (with 70% at maximum titer) ≥14 days after completing the second dose. This early study suggests that, despite the possibly reduced immunogenicity among patients on dialysis, the short-term incidence of development of antispike antibody is good, giving hope that most of these patients who are vulnerable, once immunized, will be protected from COVID-19. Longer-term evaluation is needed to determine the durability of this protection, the role of repeating vaccine series in initial nonresponders, and the role of booster doses among responders.

Background
Patients receiving maintenance dialysis represent a high-risk, immune-compromised population with 15%–25% COVID-19 mortality rate who were unrepresented in clinical trials of mRNA vaccines.

Methods
All patients receiving maintenance dialysis who received two doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines with antibody test results drawn ≥14 days after the second dose, as documented in the electronic health record through March 18, 2021, were included. Response was on the basis of levels of Ig-G against the receptor binding domain of the S1 subunit of SARS-CoV-2 spike-antigen (seropositive ≥2 U/L) using an FDA-approved semiquantitative chemiluminescent assay (ADVIA Centaur XP/XPT COV2G).

Results
Among 186 patients on dialysis from 30 clinics in eight states tested 23±8 days after receiving two vaccine doses, there were 165 (88.7%) responders with 70% at maximum titer. There was no significant difference between BNT162b2/Pfizer (148 out of 168, 88.1%) and mRNA-1273/Moderna (17 out of 18, 94.4%), P=0.42. All 38 patients with COVID-19 history were responders, with 97% at maximum titer. Among patients without COVID-19, 127 out of 148 (85.8%) were responders, comparable between BNT162b2/Pfizer (113 out of 133) and mRNA-1273/Moderna (14 out of 15) vaccines (85.0% versus 93.3%, P=0.38).

Conclusions
Most patients receiving maintenance dialysis responded after two doses of BNT162b2/Pfizer or mRNA-1273/Moderna vaccine, suggesting the short-term development of antispike antibody is good, giving hope that most of these patients who are vulnerable, once immunized, will be protected from COVID-19. Longer-term evaluation is needed to determine antibody titer durability and if booster dose(s) are warranted. Further research to evaluate the approach to patients without a serologic response is needed, including benefits of additional dose(s) or administration of alternate options.
CORPORATE ENVIRONMENTALISM: REDESIGNING BUSINESS MODELS TO FIT STRATEGY, ORGANIZATIONAL CAPABILITIES AND THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Martín-de Castro G. 
Published: August 2021

The increasing concern of citizens, nations and businesses on natural environment protection and respect lead companies to re-invent new ways of business activities and models. In that sense, new paradigms as the Circular Economy and stakeholders’ pressures move companies towards corporate environmentalism, which supposes to modify company’s aim, mission and strategy. The formulation and implementation of effective proactive environmental strategies implies the reconfiguration and development of new environmental organizational capabilities, especially those linked to business operations and market-related ones. In this new competitive arena, environmental innovations, green marketing and corporate image, environmental legitimacy and reputation are analyzed as main drivers of proactive environmental strategies and key decisions of new and sustainable business models.This paper develops an integrative review of previous concepts intimately related to corporate environmentalism and proposes some fruitfully avenues of future research for those, both academics and business practitioners, focused on how to fit firm’s activities and competitiveness and the respect and preservation of the natural environment.
SMART METERING SYSTEMS: АN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF TECHNOLOGY PERCEPTION FACTORS
Authors: Kuzmin P. S. 
Published: August 2021

The use of smart metering systems for electricity is one of the key components of the digital transition in the power industry. Smart metering systems are equipped with modules for collecting, processing, storing, sending and receiving data, and their implementation generates a wide range of effects for electricity companies, electricity consumers, as well as authorities and industry regulators. The functionality of smart metering systems can be significantly expanded when using non-intrusive load monitoring meters. The purpose of this work is to develop a list of factors that have both a positive and a negative impact on the perception of intelligent metering systems technologies both among power companies and end consumers - participants in retail electricity markets.At the first stage of the study, based on the models of E. Rogers and F. Davis, a list of factors influencing the adoption of smart metering technologies by both energy companies and end consumers of electricity was developed. Based on in-depth interviews with experts, the factors were verified and questionnaires were developed for the next stage of the study.At the second stage, a quantitative study was carried out, which made it possible to determine the degree of influence of factors on the adoption of smart metering technology by users.At the end of the work, recommendations were developed to accelerate the distribution of smart metering systems and quickly achieve positive effects from their implementation.