bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Selenium-Enriched Yeast Supplementation on Serum Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and Anti-Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody Levels in Subclinical Hypothyroidism
Authors: Mahmoudi Leila , Mobasseri Majid , Ostadrahimi Alireza , Pourmoradian Samira , Soleimanzadeh Hamid , Kafili Behnam 
Published: October 2021

Background:
In the subclinical hypothyroidism, T4 or T3 levels are normal and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is slightly high. Selenium deficiency can lead to thyroid dysfunction. The present study aims to investigate the effect of selenium supplementation on the thyroid hormone and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (anti-TPO AB) levels.

Materials and Methods:
In this double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 42 patients with subclinical hypothyroidism were randomly assigned to receive 200 μg selenium or placebo for 8 weeks. In the both groups, the serum TSH and anti-TPO antibody levels were measured and assessed before and after the intervention.

Results:
After the interventions, the mean serum TSH reduction in the intervention and placebo groups was −10.98 ± 33.31 and −3.20 ± 38.36, respectively, which were not statistically significant. However, the mean serum anti-TPO Ab concentration increased in the intervention and placebo groups (109.81 ± 51.49% vs. 173.17 ± 96.26%), between which the difference was not statistically significant (P >0.05) despite a slight increase in the mean anti-TPO level in the intervention group.

Conclusion:
The results of the current study indicated that selenium supplementation has no significant effect on serum anti-TPO Ab and TSH levels in the patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. Studies with larger sample size and with different doses of selenium are needed to reach more precise results.
Antidepressant Compliance in Depression During the COVID Pandemic
Authors: Chakraborty Suhash 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Depression epidemic is likely to follow the COVID pandemic. Depression is treatable if compliance is good. The study was aimed at identifying risk factors of poor antidepressant compliance during a pandemic.

Materials and Methods:
Sixty-four poor compliers of antidepressants during COVID period were compared with equal number of poor compliers of pre-COVID period on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. The retrospective study was designed in a way to eliminate biases due to usual patient, social, or clinical factors. The hypothesis was that there would be some factors of antidepressant poor compliance exclusive to pandemic and these factors would be beyond the usual factors.

Results:
Majority (n = 43, 67%) of COVID period poor compliers were family members of employees. Subjects who came for prescription refill (n = 17, 27%) than consultation were poor compliant during COVID period. COVID period poor compliers (n = 6, 9%) were admitted less compared to pre-COVID counterparts (n = 15, 23%). COVID period subjects had mood symptoms predominant depression (n = 44, 69%) than physical symptoms (n = 20, 31%). The presence of death wish or suicidal ideas was significant (n = 16, 25%) in COVID period. Poor compliers of pandemic (n = 26, 41%) had more psychosocial stress (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The study did find some exclusive factors apart from doctor–patient relationship for good compliance. Depressive patients who perceive improvement in mood symptoms are poor compliers during pandemic. Compliance improves if patients find some primary purpose to come out during pandemic. Ongoing stress also reduces compliance.
Comparison of Psychiatric Morbidity and Quality of Life Among Caregivers of Substance Abusers
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , Chaudhary Rupesh , Bhalla Jasleen Kaur , Mishra B. P. 
Published: October 2021

Background:
The effects of substance abuse are extended to primary caregiver who is vulnerable for psychiatric disorders and decreased quality of life (QOL).

Aim:
The aim of the study is to determine and compare the psychiatric morbidity and QOL in caregivers of various substance abusers (alcohol/opioid/alcohol + opioid dependence).

Methodology:
This cross-sectional study was conducted on caregivers of equal number of patients with alcohol/opioid/alcohol + opioid dependence presenting to Department of Psychiatry of a tertiary care center. The data were collected on sociodemographic parameters; psychiatric morbidity was assessed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M. I. N. I.) questionnaire and the QOL was assessed by WHO-QOL BREF scale. Statistical analysis: The data were statistically analyzed on SPSS 21 software by using ANOVA, Chi-square, and Kruskal–Wallis tests.

Results:
Most of the caregivers were females. Out of 90 caregivers of each alcohol/opioid/alcohol + opioid dependence patients, 28.8% had dysthymia, 29% had major depression, 6.7% had social anxiety disorder, 13.3% had generalized anxiety disorder, 12.2% of the caregivers were found to have alcohol abuse, 15.5% of the caregivers were found to have substance abuse (nonalcohol), and 27% of the caregivers had no psychiatric morbidity. Deterioration of QOL was seen particularly in psychological and social domain. On comparing QOL, physical domain was affected adversely in caregivers of multiple substance abusers than alcohol dependence. On comparison among opioid dependence and multiple substance abusers, psychological, social, and environmental domains were significantly affected in the latter. The comparison among other pairs was insignificant.

Conclusion:
Substance abuse is a multidimensional problem which threatens the mental health and the QOL of the family member which needs to be addressed.
Evaluation of the Pediatric Antimalarial Prescriptions in a Teaching Hospital in Southeastern Nigeria
Authors: Mosanya Adaobi Uchenna 
Published: October 2021

Background:Malaria in Nigeria with the highest morbidity and mortality in children between 6 months and 5 years continues to be a disease burden. In line with the World Health Organization recommendation of diagnosis in all ages before treatment, Nigeria provided guidelines on parasite-based diagnosis. Therefore, in order to achieve its preelimination and the reduction of mortality caused by it to zero by 2020, it is necessary to assess the compliance of the prescribers to the guidelines.Objectives:The objectives of this study were to determine the cases who were diagnosed based on positive malaria parasite test and the level of compliance of the prescribers to the National Malaria Treatment Guidelines.Methods:A total of 3034 prescriptions of antimalarial drugs were collected between 2003 and 2011 in the Outpatient Department of the Pediatric Clinic. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS V.20.0 and grouped into two: prepolicy (2003–2005) and postpolicy (2006–2011) periods. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used atP< 0.05 level of significance.Results:The study revealed that diagnosis based on positive malaria parasite test was 4.8% of 2765 patients. There was a noticeable increase in the prescription of artemisinin combination therapy in the postpolicy period (32.6%), but the compliance to the Antimalarial Treatment Guideline was low (23.8%).Conclusion:There was a high incidence of empirical diagnoses of malaria and treatment. Many of the artemisinin-based combination therapies prescribed were not recommended.
Effect of Activities of Daily Living on Quality of Life among Japanese Adults with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Saotome Takako , Nojima Masanori , Iwase Satoru , Komaki Hirofumi 
Published: October 2021

Objectives:
This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between activities of daily livings (ADLs) and psychological distress along with the quality of life (QOL) in Japanese adults with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Patients and Methods:
This study surveyed 36 adults using the Functional Independence Measure (FIM), the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36 v2) version 2.0, World Health Organization QOL-26, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.

Results:
No significant correlation was observed between the FIM scores and scores for all three scales (R < |0.2 | for every item).

Conclusions:
ADLs did not correlate significantly with psychological distress or QOL without considering independent demographic characteristic factors
Poder y Sacralización del Paisaje en los Andes Centrales: Una aproximación
Authors: Lobaton Carlos Farfán , Canales Victoria Aranguren 
Published: October 2021

Este articulo está basado en estudios realizados en los andes centrales, principalmente lo que corresponde a los departamentos de Lima, Ancash y Junín, logrando identificar asentamientos prehispánicos en estrecha relación a los asentamientos actuales, articulados a una geografía sagrada claramente identificada por la gran mayoría de las comunidades actuales. Esta sacralidad del paisaje obviamente se remonta a la época prehispánica y en muchos de los casos tienen su continuidad en la memoria de las comunidades actuales donde se guarda la esencia fundamental de su origen. Para entender esta sacralidad y la sacralización, identificamos los indicadores conceptuales que sostienen lo sagrado en el pensamiento del hombre tomado en cuenta los conceptos ontológicos de lo sagrado y lo profano y su relación con el paisaje socializado. Cuando lo sagrado y lo simbólico es manipulado por los grupos de poder, entonces la sacralidad y la sacralización también son asumidas como mecanismos de control, no solo de lo ideológico, sino también la apropiación territorial, control de los sistemas de producción, de la acumulación de riqueza basada en ofrendas y tributos. Por ello nuestro propósito es de alguna manera aproximarnos a identificar y aislar algunos de los rasgos y factores causales del proceso de sacralización del paisaje tomando en cuenta el segmento de tiempo transcurrido desde su origen.
This article is based on studies carried out in the central Andes, mainly in the departments of Lima, Ancash and Junín, identifying pre-Hispanic settlements in close relation to the current settlements, articulated to a sacred geography clearly identified by the great majority of the current communities. This sacredness of the landscape obviously dates back to pre-Hispanic times and in many cases has its continuity in the memory of the current communities where the fundamental essence of its origin is kept. To understand this sacredness and sacralization, we identify the conceptual indicators that sustain the sacred in human thought, taking into account the ontological concepts of the sacred and the profane and their relationship with the socialized landscape. When the sacred and the symbolic are manipulated by power groups, then sacredness and sacralization are also assumed as mechanisms of control, not only of the ideological, but also of territorial appropriation, control of production systems, of the accumulation of wealth based on offerings and tributes. Therefore, our purpose is to identify and isolate some of the features and causal factors of the process of sacralization of the landscape, taking into account the segment of time elapsed since its origin.
Artificial Intellect with Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Еськов В.М. , Филатов М.А. , Газя Г.В. , Стратан Н.Ф. 
Published: October 2021

В настоящее время не существует единого определения искусственного интеллекта. Требуется такая классификация задач, которые должны решать системы искусственного интеллекта. В сообщении дана классификация задач при использовании искусственных нейросетей (в виде получения субъективно и объективно новой информации). Показаны преимущества таких нейросетей (неалгоритмизируемые задачи) и показан класс систем (третьего типа — биосистем), которые принципиально не могут изучаться в рамках статистики (и всей науки). Для изучения таких биосистем (с уникальными выборками) предлагается использовать искусственные нейросети, которые решают задачи системного синтеза (отыскание параметров порядка). Сейчас такие задачи решает человек в режиме эвристики, что не моделируется современными системами искусственного интеллекта.
Currently, there is no single definition of artificial intelligence. We need a Such categorization of tasks to be solved by artificial intelligence. The paper proposes a task categorization for artificial neural networks (in terms of obtaining subjectively and objectively new information). The advantages of such neural networks (non-algorithmizable problems) are shown, and a class of systems (third type biosystems) which cannot be studied by statistical methods (and all science) is presented. To study such biosystems (with unique samples) it is suggested to use artificial neural networks able to perform system synthesis (search for order parameters). Nowadays such problems are solved by humans through heuristics, and this process cannot be modeled by the existing artificial intelligence systems.
On the use of reference mass spectra for reducing uncertainty in source apportionment of solid-fuel burning in ambient organic aerosol
Authors: Lin Chunshui , Ceburnis Darius , Trubetskaya Anna , Xu Wei , Smith William , Hellebust Stig , Wenger John , O'Dowd Colin , Ovadnevaite Jurgita 
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Reference mass spectra are routinely used to facilitate source apportionment of ambient organic aerosol (OA) measured by aerosol mass
spectrometers. However, source apportionment of solid-fuel-burning emissions can be complicated by the use of different fuels, stoves, and burning
conditions. In this study, the organic aerosol mass spectra produced from burning a range of solid fuels in several heating stoves have been
compared using an aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM). The same samples of biomass briquettes and smokeless coal were burnt in a conventional stove
and Ecodesign stove (Ecodesign refers to a stove conforming to EU Directive 2009/125/EC), while different batches of wood, peat, and smoky coal were also burnt in the conventional stove, and the OA mass spectra
were compared to those previously obtained using a boiler stove. The results show that although certain ions (e.g., m/z 60) remain important markers
for solid-fuel burning, the peak intensities obtained at specific m/z values in the normalized mass spectra were not constant with variations
ranging from < 5 % to > 100 %. Using the OA mass spectra of peat, wood, and coal as anchoring profiles and the variation of individual
m/z values for the upper/lower limits (the limits approach) in the positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis with the Multilinear Engine
algorithm (ME-2), the respective contributions of these fuels to ambient submicron aerosols during a winter period in Dublin, Ireland, were evaluated and
compared with the conventional a-value approach. The ME-2 solution was stable for the limits approach with uncertainties in the range of
2 %–7 %, while relatively large uncertainties (8 %–29 %) were found for the a-value approach. Nevertheless, both approaches
showed good agreement overall, with the burning of peat (39 % vs. 41 %) and wood (14 % vs. 11 %) accounting for the majority of
ambient organic aerosol during polluted evenings, despite their small uses compared to electricity and gas. This study, thus, accounts for the
source variability in ME-2 modelling and provides better constraints on the primary factor contributions to the ambient organic aerosol
estimations. The finding from this study has significant implications for public health and policymakers considering that it is often the case that
different batches of solid fuels are often burnt in different stoves in real-world applications.
Overview of Coping Mechanism Mother of Children With Disabilities in SDLB Negeri Tompokersan Lumajang
Authors: Ovina Intiyaskanti Resita , Ikhtiarini Dewi Erti , Hadi Kurniyawan Enggal 
Published: October 2021

Mothers who have children with disabilities have many problems and barriers. The research aims to describe mother’s coping mechanisms for children with disabilities in SDLB Negeri Tompokersan Lumajang. Respondents in this study were 54 mothers that were taken with purposive sampling technique with brief cope instrument. The result showed mother’s age have a median value of 39.50 years and the child's age have a median value of 11 years. Mothers who have children with disabilities have 1 child with disabilities in the family (96.3%) in order of disabled children in the main family of the first child (55.4%). The majority of mothers' last education is elementary school (35.2%) and The majority of the marital status is married (96.3%). Types of disabilities that are mostly experienced are intellectual disabilities (61.1%). The description of a mother’s coping mechanism in children with disabilities has a mean of 86.46. It is shown that the dominant indicators for respondents include religion (mothers believe there is wisdom in the problem), behavioral disengagement (mothers fulfill their education rights and provide therapy or medication), and substance use (mothers do not use drugs to protect themselves). Further researchers can identify mother’s motivation in caring for children with disabilities
Management Of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 For Elderly: Taichi Exercise To Reduce Blood Sugar Levels
Authors: Kurdi Fahruddin , Abidin Zainal , Priyanti Ratna Puji , Kholis Anja Hesnia 
Published: October 2021

Elderly are high risk for the development of type 2 diabetes due to the combined effects of increasing insulin resistance and impaired pancreatic function with aging. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that causes insulin in the pancreas is not effective one of the treatments that can be done by diabetics to reduce blood sugar levels One of them with physical activity, the activity is taichi exercises.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of taichi exercises on reducing blood sugar levels in patients with type II diabetes mellitus.The design of this study was pre-experiment one group pre-test and post-test design with a population of 88 patients and a sample of 44 respondents. Research sampling technique used purposive sampling. Data collection with observation sheets. The intervention was carried out four times during 4 weeks. Before the intervention, sugar levels of type II diabetics were classified as moderate as 24 people (54.5%) and high as many as 20 people (45.5%). After the management of taichi exercises sugar levels experienced changes in the categories of good as many as 16 people (36.4%), moderate as many as 20 people (45.5%) and high as many as 8 people (18.2%). Data analized with Wilcoxon Signed Rank test with a significant level α = 0.05, the result ρ-value = 0.001 means ρ-value <α so that there is a significant effect of taichi exercises on decreasing blood sugar levels in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Blood sugar levels in patients with diabetes mellitus before doing taichi exercises with the number of respondents 44 people mostly experienced changes, evidenced by the level of blood sugar levels from moderate levels to good.
Keywords: Elderly, Taichi, Diabetes Mellitus, Blood sugar level
FATORES ASSOCIADOS A ALTERAÇÕES GLICÊMICAS EM TRABALHADORES FEIRANTES
Authors: Silva Iara Caroline Moura Conceição da , Rios Marcela Andrade , Carvalho Rubia Pinto , Silva Polyana Leal da , Ferrreira Ricardo Bruno Santos , Nery Adriana Alves 
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: analisar os fatores associados às alterações do padrão glicêmico em trabalhadores feirantes.Método: estudo epidemiológico, do tipo inquérito com 399 trabalhadores. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre janeiro e março de 2018, com aplicação de questionário sociodemográfico, de estilo de vida, trabalho e saúde, condições de trabalho e de saúde, testes sanguíneos de dosagem de glicemia e aferição de peso e altura. A análise envolveu cálculos de frequências e teste do Quiquadrado (nível de significância de 95%).Resultados: a frequência encontrada de alterações glicêmicas foi de 9,8%. Faixa etária (p<0,001), escolaridade (p<0,001), prática de atividade física (p=0,033), índice de massa corporal (p=0,050), uso de medicações (p<0,001) e multimorbidade (p<0,001) apresentaram associação com alterações glicêmicas.Conclusão: Faixa etária, escolaridade, prática de atividade física, índice de massa corporal, fazer uso de medicações periodicamente e relatar multimorbidade são variáveis que possuem fatores associados para desenvolvimento de alterações glicêmicas em feirantes.
MAGNITUDE E SEVERIDADE DA COVID-19 ENTRE PROFISSIONAIS DE ENFERMAGEM NO BRASIL
Authors: Alves Luana Seles , Ramos Antônio Carlos Vieira , Crispim Juliane De Almeida , Martoreli Júnior José Francisco , Santos Márcio Souza dos , Berra Thaís Zamboni , Arcêncio Ricardo Alexandre 
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: avaliar a tendência, magnitude e severidade da COVID-19 em profissionais de enfermagem segundo os estados brasileiros e macrorregiões.Métodos: estudo ecológico de séries temporais e abordagem espacial. Foram levantados os casos e óbitos, no período de 20/03/2020 a 31/05/2020, disponibilizados pelo Observatório de Enfermagem do Conselho Federal de Enfermagem.Resultados: foram notificados 6149 casos e 138 óbitos de COVID-19 entre profissionais de enfermagem; observou-se tendência de crescimento progressivo de casos e mortes em todas as macrorregiões. Foi identificado um aglomerado de alto risco para ocorrência da doença entre profissionais no Amazonas, e um para mortalidade nos estados do Pará e Amapá.Conclusão: o estudo evidenciou tendências crescentes e áreas de risco por COVID-19, observandose perfil diferenciado entre as regiões, o que se deve às medidas adotadas nas instituições para proteção dos seus trabalhadores.
CONDIÇÕES DE TRABALHO ENTRE DIFERENTES CATEGORIAS PROFISSIONAIS DA ÁREA HOSPITALAR
Authors: Gimenez Fernanda Vieira , Rocha Márcia Regina Alves , Chagas Eduardo Federighi Baisi , Marin Maria José Sanches 
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: comparar as condições de trabalho em relação à demanda, controle e suporte social entre profissionais da enfermagem, nutrição e higiene e limpeza. Método: estudo quantitativo com 227 profissionais de um hospital geral do estado de São Paulo, Brasil, por meio da aplicação do Job Content Questionnaire. Para as análises, foi utilizado o software SPSS e testes estatísticos. Resultados: os profissionais da limpeza exibiram condições sociais de vida inferiores, com renda até dois salários-mínimos (88,5%); sem ensino superior (98,7%); classe social CDE (78,2%); cor negra ou parda (55,2%). Em relação à demanda, não houve diferenças significativas entre as equipes. Quanto ao controle, a enfermagem apresentou melhores condições e a limpeza as piores. A enfermagem apresentou melhores índices de suporte social e a nutrição os piores. Conclusão: salientou-se que é necessária a implementação de estratégias de melhoria das condições de trabalho para minimizar o estresse e o adoecimento.
DEZ ANOS DA RESIDÊNCIA MULTIPROFISSIONAL DO COMPLEXO HOSPITAL DE CLÍNICAS DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARANÁ
Authors: Pivatto Liane Fuhr , Andrzejevski Vânia Mari Salvi , Pereira Rita Aparecida Bernardi , Brusamarello Tatiana , Félix Jorge Vinícius Cestari 
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: relatar a experiência dos dez anos de implementação do Programa de Residência Multiprofissional em Atenção Hospitalar no Complexo Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná. Desenvolvimento: relato de experiência, sobre os dez anos de implementação do programa de residência. Os dados foram coletados de documentos internos e dos relatos dos coordenadores e preceptores. Trezentos e setenta e dois profissionais foram formados. Dentre os avanços do programa, destaca-se o aumento no número de vagas e especialidades, consolidação do Regimentos Interno, gerenciamento informatizado das informações Acadêmicas, incentivo à pesquisa e melhoria da assistência no âmbito hospitalar. Considerações finais: Os dez anos de programa foram marcados pelo desafio da desconstrução do olhar uniprofissional para um projeto que contemplasse a diversidade das múltiplas profissões, proporcionando a construção de novos paradigmas, a transformação das práticas profissionais, o desenvolvimento de competências do trabalho em equipe, a integração ensino-serviço e o avanço na formação.