bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study On Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction Among Employees at Selected Government Agencies in Kelantan
Authors: Amran Atiela , Mohd Firdaus Kozako Intan-Nurul ‘Ain , Aminuddin Azwan-Shah , Aminuddin Hanitahaiza , Aminuddin Hanitahaiza , Zakaria Ibhrahim 
Published: December 2021

Organizational Commitment is one of the main topics discuss in today’s working environment. Most of the scholar agreed that to make the employees highly commit to the organization, employees must have satisfaction with their work. Further study related to this area is still needed to identify the most important criteria to the specific industries. Hence, this study conducted a non-experimental study in which researchers investigated and analysed the relationship between organizational commitment and job satisfaction, in which focuses on continuance, normative, and affective commitment. There are 140 valid responses collected from three government agencies in Tanah Merah, Kelantan. Regression analysis were used for this study to identify the relationship between two variables. The result of descriptive statistics showed that continuance commitment represents the highest mean score for this study. Meanwhile, Organizational Commitment has a moderate, positive, and significant relationship towards job satisfaction (r=598, p<0.01). It can be concluded that most of the respondents used to have affective commitment towards the organization where they remain members and part of the organization. Findings of this study shed light on how to build a sustainable employee in government agencies. The researchers also suggest several recommendations for future research for this study.
Predicting Mathematics Students’ Continuance Intention toward Learning Mathematics
Authors: Abdullahi Muhammad , Mohd Ayub Ahmad Fauzi , Sulaiman Tajularipin , Abdul Manaf Umi Kalthom 
Published: December 2021

Abstract: The success of learning mathematics depends largely on students’ satisfaction in learning the subject. This, along with other factors such as perceived usefulness in learning mathematics, will eventually increase students’ intention to continue learning mathematics. This study integrated the Expectancy Confirmation Model (ECM) and perceived enjoyment, with the main purpose of developing a fitting structural model that investigates whether the ECM model can be extended and used in the context of mathematics students' learning continuance. The study used a correlational research design conducted on 12 tertiary colleges in the northwestern zone of Nigeria. Proportionate stratified random sampling technique was employed to select 366 Nigeria Certificate in Education (NCE) III mathematics combination students for this study out of a total population of 2761 NCE III mathematics students based on the Cochran formula. The findings indicate that the most significant factor affecting the college of education (COE) mathematics students' continuance intention is the belief of their perception of the usefulness of learning mathematics to their daily life activities. Satisfaction and perceived enjoyment in learning mathematics also positively influence students' intention to continue studying mathematics. The current research adds to the theory by replacing the ECM's confirmation of expectation construct with the construct of perceived enjoyment and introducing new associations to describe mathematics students' continued intention to learn mathematics.
Keywords: Mathematics, Tertiary colleges, Colleges of education, Expectation Confirmation Model (ECM), Continuance Intention, Partial Least Square (PLS).
Postgraduate Students’ Perceived and Actual Performance in Critical Reading Skills
Authors: Shamida Arieff , Kaur Sidhu Gurnam , Md Nawi Sofwah 
Published: December 2021

Abstract: The democratisation and commodification of education has witnessed an increase in postgraduate education as it is one of the main sources contributing to the advancement of knowledge, technology, and innovation. However, despite the significant rise in numbers, the returns at both the global and national levels have been low due to high attrition and low completion rates among the students. One among the numerous factors cited has been the postgraduate students’ limited competencies in language and research skills. In terms of language, postgraduate students are expected to possess good working knowledge of the English language and be able to read academic literature and write their thesis with acceptable standard of English. Therefore, the main aim of this paper was to assess postgraduate students’ perceived and actual performance in critical reading skills. This study involved a total of 50 postgraduate students from a private university in Malaysia. Data for this study were collected using a questionnaire and a reading test based on the Malaysian University English Test (MUET) Reading Examination Paper. The findings revealed that there was a significant difference between the two performances. Students held a higher perception of their ability when compared to their actual performance in critical reading skills. These results indicate that there is a need for innovative approaches to develop postgraduate students’ critical reading skills so that they can successfully complete their studies within the given duration and graduate on time.

Keywords: Critical Reading, Performance, Postgraduate Students, Postgraduate Study
Clause-sensitivity of Inflectional Morphology in L2 English
Authors: Shuhama Yuji 
Published: December 2021

Abstract: The Interface Hypothesis (Sorace, 2000) developed in line with the Minimalist theory of grammar (Chomsky, 1995 et seq.) supports the view of L2 acquisition that syntactic properties are acquired early while the acquisition of interface properties is delayed. One of the interface properties is inflectional morphology on English verbs, which involves subject-verb agreement at the syntax-morphology interface. Previous studies have revealed that for learners of L2 English, acquiring third person singular -s is harder than regular past -ed due to the absence of meaningless morphemes in L1. However, one question has been disregarded: Where in a clause are these morphemes inserted more successfully? Given that subordinate clauses are more complex than main clauses, this study examines the clause-sensitivity of L2 inflectional morphology. 44 Japanese university students learning English as L2 were asked to complete a grammaticality judgment test and write an essay about a specified topic. The learners’ inflection pattern was surveyed through the test scores and text analysis of the essays. Results show that -s tends to be omitted regardless of clause types, but -ed is omitted more frequently in complement clauses than main clauses. These are due to negative L1 transfer on L2 inflectional morphology and our findings imply the importance of clauses as meaningful units in L2 grammar instructions.

Keywords: Clause-sensitivity, Inflectional morphology, L2 grammar instructions, The Interface Hypothesis.
Assessment and Evaluation on Text Readability in Reading Test Instrument Development for BIPA-1 to BIPA-3
Authors: Rahmawati Laili Etika , Sulistyono Yunus 
Published: December 2021

Abstract: Nowadays, text readability is of great importance. Simple but very often ignored, readability statistics can provide information about the level of difficulty of the readability of particular documents and increase an evaluator’s credibility. Hence, this research aims to examine the readability index of the test instrument for BIPA (Bahasa Indonesia Untuk Penutur Asing), evaluate the student's reading ability, and analyze the relevance readability index and cloze test result. The study was carried out through an experiment involving 21 international students in several Muhammadiyah Universities. The students were provided with three sets of reading instruments from BIPA-1 to BIPA-3. Data analysis was carried out with correlation analysis. The result showed that the reading instrument difficulty was at a fairly easy to moderate level. Gunning Fog score and Automated Readability Index were the most relevant tool to the student's test achievement. This research implies the importance of test instrument evaluation. Assessment of the readability of the text is vital in the process of developing an appropriate test instrument.

Keywords: BIPA, cloze, difficulty, instrument, readability.
Leisure Time Spending Tendencies of University Students: The Case of TRNC
Authors: Karaderi Birkan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract: Nowadays, the significance of leisure time is increasing in our daily life. In addition to entertainment and relaxation, individuals can make use of their leisure time as self-developed and productive. This study aims to reveal the leisure time trends of university students. The population of the research consists of students studying at Girne American University in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC). Research participants consisted of 582 university students. One hundred thirteen of the participants are men, and 81 of them are women. The survey technique utilized, which is one of the field research methods, was applied to collect the research data. SPSS 22.00 package program was used in the analysis of the study. As a result of the research, it was seen that the participants mostly preferred passive activities. Furthermore, it was concluded that the crucial thing concerning the students participating in the study from the governments of TRNC and local administrations to make the most of their free time is the opening of more leisure time areas. In line with the opinions of the participants, it was concluded that the leisure time opportunities offered by the government and local administrations of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus for students are not sufficient. These results highlight the importance of leisure activities for successful individuals throughout their life span.

Keywords: Leisure, Leisure time spending, University students, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
Design of Teachers’ Wellness Program: The Experience of Filipino School Principals
Authors: Ortillo Emelito , Ancho Inero , Ancho Inero 
Published: December 2021

Abstract: This study was conceptualized to identify how Filipino school principals designed a wellness program as basis for general guidelines for the design of teachers’ wellness program. The researchers used descriptive method, particularly case study method of research. Five public elementary school principals with implemented teachers' wellness programs were chosen as the participants of the study. Instruments used to gather data were prepared by the researchers and has been validated by the experts in the field. Participants were asked to answer questions through interviews. From the results of the interview different strategies emerged and were considered to make the program more effective and successful to the participants such as needs assessments, stakeholders’ involvement, listening to the stakeholders, stakeholders’ consultations, establishment of committee and gathering of resources. As to the outcome of the program, happiness, a healthy lifestyle, a positive attitude, professional growth, and dimensions of wellness should be considered. Stakeholders’ involvement and their willingness make the program possible, successful and well-managed. Their expertise, time and commitment strengthen the program as well as the camaraderie of the stakeholders. The leadership style of the principals also plays a big role to make the program properly designed, implemented and managed. They have the power to influence or make the teachers motivated and committed to their work.

Keywords: Guidelines, Principals, Program design, Stress, Teacher wellness
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PEMEGANG SAHAM PERSEROAN TERBATAS MELALUI INDIKATOR ALTER EGO DALAM PENERAPAN DOKTRIN PCV DI INDONESIA
Authors: Wardhana Gideon Paskha 
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini ditujukan guna memahami tujuan dari diadopsinya alter ego sebagai indikator dalam penerapan doktrin piercing the corporate veil (PCV) dan konsep pertanggungjawaban harta pribadi pemegang saham dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas (UUPT 2007), serta mengukur efektifitas dari perlindungan hukum yang diberikan melalui penerapan alter ego sebagai indikator doktrin PCV tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif yang dilakukan melalui penelitian kepustakaan dan dianalisa dengan metode penelitian kualitatif atas data sekunder yang ditemukan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertanggungjawaban pemegang saham pada suatu PT, hanya terbatas pada sejumlah saham yang mereka miliki. Saat ini, karakteristik pertanggungjawaban terbatas dan badan hukum yang terpisah ini sering disalahgunakan untuk menciptakan tameng bagi para pemegang saham. Guna mencegah praktek yang menyimpang ini, doktrin PCV telah diadopsi oleh UUPT 2007. Namun demikian, doktrin PCV tersebut hanya diadopsi secara setengah-setengah. Begitu pula dengan alter ego sebagai indikator yang mana penerapannya tidak efektif dan jarang digunakan.
KEKUATAN EKSEKUSI JAMINAN LETTER OF UNDERTAKING PADA PEMBIAYAAN PERBANKAN
Authors: Christiawan Rio 
Published: December 2021

Abstrak
Dalam perjanjian kredit sering kali digunakan letter of undertaking (LoU) sebagai jaminan khusus untuk menjamin pembiayaan yang diberikan oleh bank selaku kreditur. Dengan jaminan LoU maka berdasarkan Pasal 1134 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata (KUH Perdata) kedudukan bank sebagai kreditur akan lebih tinggi dari kreditur lainnya. Persoalan hukum yang hendak dibahas terkait kekuatan eksekutorial dari jaminan LoU dalam hal nasabah debitur tidak mampu memenuhi kewajibannya. Metode penelitian adalah yuridis normatif dengan pengambilan data secara kepustakaan dengan cara berpikir deduktif dalam melakukan verifikasi data. Temuan dalam penelitian ini adalah LoU dipandang sebagai bentuk jaminan khusus seharusnya bank sebagai kreditur dapat melakukan eksekusi atas jaminan tersebut untuk melunasi kewajiban pembiayaan yang tidak dapat dipenuhi oleh nasabah debitur.
TRADISI NGEMBLOK DALAM PERKAWINAN DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP PENGUASAAN HARTA DI KOMUNITAS NELAYAN PANDANGAN WETAN REMBANG
Authors: Sudaryanto Agus 
Published: December 2021

Abstrak
Proses perkawinan pada masyarakat Jawa umumnya inisiatif lamaran dari pihak calon suami Di lingkungan masyarakat nelayan Rembang justru inisiatif proses perkawinan dilakukan oleh pihak calon istri. Inisiatif perkawinan disertai tradisi ngemblok merupakan hukum adat yang masih eksis dan dijalankan oleh masyarakat nelayan. Dalam rangka mempertahankan tradisi ngemblok, sanksi akan diberikan bagi warga yang tidak menjalankan. Penelitian ini fokus untuk mengetahui tradisi ngemblok dalam perkawinan pada komunitas nelayan Desa Pandangan Wetan Rembang. Di samping itu, untuk mengetahui pula tentang pelaksanaan tradisi ngemblok dan implikasinya dalam penguasaan harta perkawinan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, alasan komunitas nelayan Desa Pandangan Wetan menjalankan tradisi ngemblok dikarenakan tradisi yang sudah turun menurun, demi harga diri dan jaminan ikatan yang serius menuju perkawinan. Tradisi ngemblok diawali dengan perkenalan, pacaran dan penjajagan hubungan yang serius. Prosesi ngemblok dilakukan setelah pihak perempuan sudah siap dinikahi dan mampu menyediakan barang hantaran. Penguasaan harta perkawinan, pada umumnya lelaki tidak menguasai karena suami tidak begitu memikirkan masalah harta yang ada dalam rumah tangga. Namun dalam kasus tertentu, penguasaan harta perka-winan menjadi variatif sangat tergantung situasi dan kondisi suatu keluarga.
Strongyloides papillosus causes sudden death in weaned calves on New York dairies
Authors: Pinn Toby L. , Forrestal Amber M. , Duhamel Gerald E. , Crouch Esther E. , Thompson Belinda S. , Lejeune Manigandan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

CASE DESCRIPTION
Outbreaks of sudden death in apparently healthy weaned dairy calves due to Strongyloides papillosus parasitism were diagnosed on 2 separate and independent New York (NY) dairies.

CLINICAL FINDINGS
Most calves were found dead; however, 1 calf observed while dying showed signs of tachycardia, tachypnea, vocalization, and convulsions shortly before death. In 6 affected heifers that underwent post-mortem examination, precocious bilaterally symmetric mammary gland enlargement was seen. A portion of their parasitized living cohorts also demonstrated similar mammary gland enlargement. A diagnosis of S papillosus hyperinfection was made based upon the presence of high numbers of S papillosus ova in feces, and confirmation by S papillosus–specific PCR assays. Consistent histopathological findings in affected calves included generalized mammary gland vascular congestion, interstitial edema and hemorrhage with ductal hyperplasia. Mild multifocal cardiomyocyte degeneration was found in 5 of 14 calves examined. Factors believed to contribute to the parasite’s environmental amplification and host hyperinfection included group housing on wood shavings and high environmental temperatures and humidity.

TREATMENT AND OUTCOME
Treatment of calves with doramectin pour-on stopped mortality and resolved the udder enlargement.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Similar outbreaks have previously been described in Japan and South Bohemia (Czech Republic), where researchers hypothesized that sudden death may be due to fatal arrhythmia caused by a parasite-associated cardiotoxin. This report highlights the importance of including S papillosus among the differential diagnoses for sudden death alone or together with precocious udder enlargement in calves kept in confinement housing.
Neural Networks in Engineering Design: Robust Practical Stability Analysis
Authors: Stamov Trayan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In recent years, we are witnessing artificial intelligence being deployed on embedded platforms in our everyday life, including engineering design practice problems starting from early stage design ideas to the final decision. One of the most challenging problems is related to the design and implementation of neural networks in engineering design tasks. The successful design and practical applications of neural network models depend on their qualitative properties. Elaborating efficient stability is known to be of a high importance. Also, different stability notions are applied for differently behaving models. In addition, uncertainties are ubiquitous in neural network systems, and may result in performance degradation, hazards or system damage. Driven by practical needs and theoretical challenges, the rigorous handling of uncertainties in the neural network design stage is an essential research topic. In this research, the concept of robust practical stability is introduced for generalized discrete neural network models under uncertainties applied in engineering design. A robust practical stability analysis is offered using the Lyapunov function method. Since practical stability concept is more appropriate for engineering applications, the obtained results can be of a practical significance to numerous engineering design problems of diverse interest.
Remote working challenges for Georgian social enterprises in the context of the current pandemic
Authors: Gigauri Iza , Djakeli Kakhaber 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The lockdown regulations aiming at avoiding the spread of the new coronavirus COVID-19 have caused disruptions in organizations of all types or sizes. In order to survive and remain competitive, enterprises have moved online. In line with the dramatic changes around the globe triggered by the regulations as a part of preventive measures, social enterprises switched to working from home. As a result, entrepreneurs have to learn new digital skills to capture the potential of digitalization as it is considered to have an ability to accelerate economic recovery after the pandemic. Yet digitalization influences organizational processes and operations and requires changes in strategies. In light of these transformations, researching social enterprises from different angles is of particular importance when economies are facing the threat of recession, as social entrepreneurship addresses market failure and can tackle social problems. Social entrepreneurs can find innovative solutions to modern challenges and help society and economies to transform. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the feasibility of remote working and digitalization in social enterprises. The paper outlines remote working concerns in social enterprises in the Republic of Georgia and analyses flextime opportunities for enterprise employees. The empirical study is based on a qualitative research approach. In-depth interviews were conducted with the seventeen Georgian social entrepreneurs to explore the research questions. The paper contributes to understanding remote working in social enterprises and offers suggestions for future study directions in this under-researched area.
Does empathy really decline during residency training? A longitudinal look at changes in measured empathy in a community program
Authors: Crump William J. , Ziegler Craig , Fricker Steve 
Published: December 2021

Introduction
Some studies, most cross sectional and urban, have shown a decline in empathy during residency training prompting medical educators to consider changes in curriculum or training environment. Our aim was to determine if there was a decline using a longitudinal, paired annual empathy measure across three years of a family medicine residency in a rural community hospital.
Methods
We administered a validated measure from 2015 through 2020 and of the 116 opportunities for survey completion, 112 from 48 residents were available for scoring. We also asked our residents to rank 10 factors that affected their empathy scores. The Baptist Health Madisonville IRB approved the protocol as exempt and the authors have no conflicts of interest..
Results
With a response rate of 97%, we found no statistically significant decrease in our resident scores across the three years. Scores after our PG-1 year were significantly lower than two previous comparable studies. The longitudinal, paired study design revealed very wide ranges among individual residents even when group means indicated a statistical difference. Residents also differed widely on their rankings of factors that could affect the score, with only outlook on life showing a narrow range and high ranking.
Conclusions
The very wide range of individual paired scores as well as the broad range of factors the residents thought affected their scores indicate that empathy is a very individual concept. Some of our residents actually increased scores leading to resilience and others declined toward cynicism. Those seeking to make changes to curriculum or training environment to facilitate empathy during residency should consider this diversity of individual resident training experience.