bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma Proneurotensin and Prediction of Cause-Specific Mortality in a Middle-aged Cohort During Long-term Follow-up
Authors: Fawad Ayesha , Bergmann Andreas , Schulte Janin , Butt Zahra A , Nilsson Peter M , Bennet Louise , Orho-Melander Marju , Melander Olle 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Context
Neurotensin is associated with cardiometabolic diseases but its role with mortality risk in humans is unknown.

Objective
This work aims to examine the prediction of proneurotensin (Pro-NT) with respect to total and cause-specific mortality in a middle-aged cohort.

Methods
In the population-based middle-aged cohort (n = 4632; mean age, 57 years) of the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study, Pro-NT was assessed and total as well as cause-specific mortality was studied. Main cause of death was based on the International Classification of Diseases.

Results
During a mean follow-up of 20 ± 3 years, 950 men and 956 women died. There was significantly increased mortality risk in individuals belonging to the highest quartile (Q) of Pro-NT (Q4, Pro-NT ≥ 149 pmol/L) compared with Qs 1 to 3 (Pro-NT &lt; 149 pmol/L), hazard ratio (HR), 95% CI of 1.29 (1.17-1.42; P &lt; .001). Data were adjusted for sex and age. No significant interaction was observed between Pro-NT and sex on mortality risk. Individuals within Q4 vs Qs 1 to 3 had an HR of 1.41 (95% CI, 1.18-1.68; P &lt; .001) for death due to cardiovascular disease (n = 595/4632); 2.53 (95% CI, 1.37-4.67; P = .003), due to digestive tract disease (n = 42/4632), 1.62 (95% CI, 1.04-2.52; P = .032) due to mental and behavioral disease (n = 90/4632); and 1.91 (95% CI, 1.15-3.19; P = .013) due to unspecific causes (n = 64/4632). There was no significant relationship between Pro-NT and deaths due to cancer, infections, neurological, or other causes. Adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors only marginally changed these results.

Conclusion
The relationship between Pro-NT and total mortality risk was mainly driven by cardiovascular mortality, but high Pro-NT also predicts death from digestive, mental, and behavioral disease and deaths attributed to unspecific causes.
Expression Profile of the GLP-1 Receptor in the Gastrointestinal Tract and Pancreas in Adult Female Mice
Authors: Grunddal Kaare V , Jensen Elisa P , Ørskov Cathrine , Andersen Daniel B , Windeløv Johanne A , Poulsen Steen Seier , Rosenkilde Mette M , Knudsen Lotte Bjerre , Pyke Charles , Holst Jens J 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Therapies based on glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonism are highly effective in treating type-2 diabetes and obesity, but the localization of GLP-1 receptors mediating the antidiabetic and other possible actions of GLP-1 is still debated. The purpose with this study was to identify sites of GLP-1R mRNA and protein expression in the mouse gastrointestinal system by means of GLP-1R antibody immunohistochemistry, Glp-1r mRNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and 125I-exendin (9-39) autoradiography. As expected GLP-1R staining was observed in almost all β cells in the pancreatic islets, but more rarely in α and δ cells. In the stomach, GLP-1R staining was found exclusively in the gastric corpus mucous neck cells, known to protect the stomach mucosa. The Brunner’s glands were strongly stained for GLP-1R, and pretreatment with GLP-1 agonist exendin-4 caused internalization of the receptor and mucin secretion, while pretreatment with PBS or antagonist exendin (9–39) did not. In the intestinal mucosa, GLP-1R staining was observed in intraepithelial lymphocytes, lamina propria lymphocytes, and enteroendocrine cells containing secretin, peptide YY, and somatostatin, but not cholecystokinin. GLP-1R staining was seen in nerve fibers within the CHAT- and NO-positive myenteric plexuses from the gastric corpus to the distal large intestine being strongest in the mid- and hindgut area. Finally, intraperitoneal administration of radiolabeled exendin (9–39) strongly labeled myenteric fibers. In conclusion, this study expands our knowledge of GLP-1 receptor localization and suggests that GLP-1 may serve an important role in modulating gastrointestinal health and mucosal protection.
Inside North Korean Literature: The Hidden Meaning of Narratives
Authors: Minsun Kim 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This study examines the grammar of tension and appropriation in North Korean literature, thereby shedding light on the complex meaning and metaphors hidden within the external (literal) narratives of North Korean literary texts. The true meaning of North Korean literature is situated between the political reality and the tension created by its narratives. This tension, concealed within the constraints of custom and form, permeates the text and the spaces between the lines. Accordingly, when reading North Korean literature, in addition to considering the social and literary contexts of the text, one needs to be careful not to miss the hidden meanings held within. This study reads between the lines to examine the critical view of the current reality that North Korean literature is a metaphor for and the desires that are symptomatically expressed therein. Specifically, the focus is on North Korean science fiction, which uses a grammar of appropriation to discuss the realities of the present through narratives of the future.
Depth and Death
Authors: Trüper Henning 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis article proposes a re-reading of what inclusion into the sphere of the historical actually means in modern European historical discourse. It argues that this re-reading permits challenging a powerful but problematic norm of ontological homogeneity as something to be achieved in and by historical discourse. At least some of the more conceptually profound challenges that accounts of “deep history”—of very distant pasts—pose to historical discourse have to do with pursuits of this norm. Historical theory has the potential of responding to some of these challenges and actually reverting them back to the practice of accounting for deep times in historical writing. The argument proceeds, in a first step, by analyzing the ties between modern European mortuary cultures and historical writing. In a second step, the history of humanitarian moralities is brought to bear on the analysis to make visible, thirdly, the fractured presences of deep time in modern-era and contemporary historical writing. The fractures in question emerge, the article argues, from the ontological heterogeneity of historical knowledge. Thus, in the end, a position beyond ontological homogeneity is adumbrated.
The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children - A resource for COVID-19 research: Antibody testing results, April – June 2021
Authors: Major-Smith Daniel , Matthews Sarah , Breeze Thomas , Crawford Michael , Woodward Hannah , Wells Nicholas , Mitchell Ruth , Molloy Lynn , Northstone Kate , Timpson Nicholas John 
Published: October 2021

The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) is a prospective population-based cohort which recruited pregnant women in 1990-1992 and has followed these women, their partners (Generation 0; G0) and their offspring (Generation 1; G1) ever since. The study reacted rapidly and repeatedly to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, deploying multiple online questionnaires and a previous home-based antibody test in October 2020. A second antibody test, in collaboration with ten other longitudinal population studies, was completed by 4,622 ALSPAC participants between April and June 2021. Of participants with a valid spike protein antibody test result (4,241; 8.2% void), indicating antibody response to either COVID-19 vaccination or natural infection, 3,172 were positive (74.8%). Generational differences were substantial, with 2,463/2,555 G0 participants classified positive (96.4%) compared to 709/1,686 G1 participants (42.1%). Of participants with a valid nucleocapsid antibody test result (4,199; 9.2% void), suggesting potential and recent natural infection, 493 were positive (11.7%); with 248/2,526 G0 participants (9.8%) and 245/1,673 G1 participants (14.6%) testing positive, respectively. We also compare results for this round of testing to that undertaken in October 2020. Future work will combine these test results with additional sources of data to identify participants’ COVID-19 infection and vaccination status. These ALSPAC COVID-19 serology data are being complemented with linkage to health records and Public Health England pillar testing results as they become available, in addition to four previous questionnaire waves and a prior antibody test. Data have been released as an update to the previous COVID-19 datasets. These comprise: 1) a standard dataset containing all participant responses to all four previous questionnaires with key sociodemographic factors; and 2) individual participant-specific release files enabling bespoke research across all areas supported by the study. This data note describes the second ALSPAC antibody test and the data obtained from it.
Systematic review of the introduction, early phase study and evaluation of pyrocarbon proximal interphalangeal joint arthroplasty
Authors: Welford Paul , Blencowe Natalie S. , Pardington Emily , Jones Conor S. , Blazeby Jane M. , Main Barry G. 
Published: October 2021

Background
In 2002 a pyrocarbon interphalangeal joint implant was granted Food and Drug Administration approval with limited evidence of effectiveness. It is important to understand device use and outcomes since this implant entered clinical practice in order to establish incremental evidence, appropriate study design and reporting. This systematic review summarised and appraised studies reporting pyrocarbon proximal interphalangeal joint arthroplasty.

Methods
Systematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, BIOSIS, CINAHL and CENTRAL from inception to November 2020. All study designs reporting pyrocarbon proximal interphalangeal joint arthroplasty in humans were included. Data extracted included information about study characteristics, patient selection, regulatory (gaining research ethics approval) and governance issues (reporting of conflicting interests), operator and centre experience, technique description and outcome reporting. Descriptive and narrative summaries were reported.

Results
From 4316 abstracts, 210 full-text articles were screened. A total of 38 studies and 1434 (1–184) patients were included. These consisted of three case reports, 24 case series, 10 retrospective cohort studies and one randomised trial. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were stated in 25 (66%) studies. Most studies (n = 27, 71%) gained research ethics approval to be conducted. Six studies reported conflicting interests. Experience of operating surgeons was reported in nine (24%) and caseload volume in five studies. There was no consensus about the optimal surgical approach. Technical aspects of implant placement were reported frequently (n = 32) but the detail provided varied widely. Studies reported multiple, heterogenous outcomes. The most commonly reported outcome was range of motion (n = 37).

Conclusions
This systematic review identified inconsistencies in how studies describing the early use and update of an innovative procedure were reported. Incremental evidence was lacking, risking the implant being adopted without robust evaluation. This review adds to evidence highlighting the need for more rigorous evaluation of how implantable medical devices are used in practice following licencing.
Quantitative assessment and localization of the hollowing of the temple after craniectomy and cranioplasty–The frontozygomatic shadow
Authors: Kosterhon Michael , Ruegg Eva , Ottenhausen Malte , Kühn Anne , Ringel Florian , Jägersberg Max 
Published: October 2021

Background
After cranioplasty, in many cases a not negligible soft tissue defect remains in the temporozygomatical area, also referred to as a hollowing defect of the temple.

Objective
To assess the precise localization and volume of the hollowing defect, to optimize future cranioplasties.

Methods
CT data of patients who received craniectomy and conventional CAD cranioplasty in our institution between 2012 and 2018 were analyzed. CT datasets prior to craniectomy and after cranioplasty were subtracted to quantify the volume and localization of the defect.

Results
Out of 91 patients, 21 had suitable datasets. Five cases had good cosmetic results with no defect visible, 16 patients had an apparent hollowing defect. Their average defect volume was 5.0 cm3 ± 4.5 cm3. The defect localizations were in the area behind the zygomatic process and just below the superior temporal line, covering an area of app. 3x3 cm2. Surgical attempts of temporal muscle restoration were more often found in reports of good results (p<0.01), but also in 50% of reports, whose surgeries resulted in hollowing of the temple. Mean time between the two surgeries was 112 ± 43 days. No significant differences between patients with and without hollowing defect were detected regarding time between the two surgeries, age or performing surgeon.

Conclusion
This work supplies evidence for the indication of a surgical corrective during cranioplasty in the small but cosmetically relevant area of the “frontozygomatic shadow”. Based on our 3D data analysis, future focused surgical strategies may obtain better aesthetical results here.
Dampak Abrasi Terhadap Kondisi Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat Kecamatan Kedung, Jepara
Authors: Ismiyanti Desy , Buchori Imam 
Published: October 2021

All the time the coastline has always changes, the change is abrasion or accretion. Changes in the coastline not only have an impact on physical conditions but also affect the socio-economic conditions of the community. This study aims to determine the impact of abrasion on the socio-economic conditions of the community in Kedung District, Jepara. The method used is the descriptive quantitative, a combination of LVI (Livelihood Vulnerability Index) and LVI-IPCC (Livelihood Vulnerability Index - Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change). The data used is the result of questionnaires distributed to household. The results of this study indicate that the most influential social impact is the emergence of anxiety and can affect social conditions between communities. While the impact on the economy can be seen in the value of LVI 0.28 which means it is quite vulnerable, and the value of LVI-IPCC 0.037 which means quite vulnerable. Many of community who choose to have side jobs to fulfill their daily needs, even changing their livelihoods from the coastal sector to non-coastal sectors such as trading, labor, and etc.
Asymptotic behavior of solution of Whitham–Broer–Kaup type equations with negative dispersion
Authors: Bedjaoui Nabil , Kumar Rajesh , Mammeri Youcef 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this work, we discuss the long time behavior of solutions
of the Whitham–Broer–Kaup system with Lipschitz nonlinearity and negative dispersion term. We prove the global well-posedness when

α
+

β
2

<
0

{\alpha+\beta^{2}<0}

as well as the convergence to 0 of small solutions at rate

𝒪
⁢

(

t

-

1
/
2

)

{\mathcal{O}(t^{-1/2})}

.
Self-rating of depression in elderly prisoners in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
Authors: Verhülsdonk S , Dietrich K , Folkerts AK , Christl J , Höft B , Supprian T , Kalbe E 
Published: October 2021

Aim: Against the background of the rising number of elderly people being incarcerated and the rare data on this special subgroup, the aim of our study was to collect first empirical data on the affective state of elderly prisoners in North Rhine Westphalia, Germany. Methods: Data were collected in nine German prisons. We included elderly prisoners from pretrial prevention, penal sentences, open enforcement, preventive detention and from special detention units for elderly inmates. For the evaluation of the affective state, we used the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Sociodemographic and crime-related characteristics were documented. Findings: In total, n=116 prisoners (91.4% male) were included. The age ranged from 53 to 91 years (65.6±6.3 years). In our sample, 48% reported at least mild depressive symptoms, which is a significantly higher prevalence of depressive symptomatology than in the general population aged 60 years and older. Differences were found with regard to the type of detention, as prisoners in open enforcement showed significantly less symptoms compared to those in pretrial prevention and preventive detention. The participants reported in general more somatic symptoms as sleep disturbances and fatigue compared to mood items as feelings of sadness. Originality: It is the first study assessing the affective state of older prisoners in Germany. The high rate of depressive symptoms in our sample is in line with findings from international studies underlining the need for adequate diagnostics and therapy. In addition, in a previous study depression was indirectly linked with a greater risk of re-incarceration, fortifying the need for successful treatment of depression in prison both for the individuum and for society.
Las paradojas de la resistencia durante el proceso de cura según la perspectiva psicoanalítica
Authors: Restrepo Giraldo Leydi Damaris 
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo aborda las paradojas de la resistencia en la dirección de la cura psicoanalítica, vista en términos de una doble funcionalidad aparentemente excluyente en tanto permite la cura, pero también atenta contra ella, produciendo una tensión entre enfermedad (repetir) y salud (recordar). Para ello se sirve de diversos textos en Freud y Lacan que permiten caracterizar sus respectivas posturas sobre el tema, a fin de generar una reflexión sobre ellas para tratar de comprender qué permite explicar la ambivalencia en este concepto.
Increasing the Adoption of Canadian Retail Businesses’ Websites: Canadian Young Generation Consumers' Enticement
Authors: Guan Allen Lim Chong , Lee Goi Chai , Dell Peter 
Published: October 2021

This research contributes significantly to academic and practitioner knowledge in the areas of young generation customers' enticement for expanding the adoption of small companies and internet commerce. This is the first time that a study has been done especially on the behavioral usage of Canadian Young consumers' websites by Canadian retail businesses. The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of how the Canadian Young Generation engages with retail firms' websites. The research model for this study is an adaptation of the UTAUT2 paradigm. It reaffirms the literature review's usage of the modified UTAUT2 model to describe this research. This research aims to fill a need in the existing knowledge about the Canadian Young Generation's use of retail firms' websites. It is critical that additional steps to protect security and privacy, as well as to create trust, be implemented to improve the Young Generation's confidence in the retail websites of small Canadian firms. Internet costs remain high in Canada, and it is proposed that the Canadian federal government provide additional licenses to Internet Service Providers (ISPs) in order to increase competition among ISPs and therefore decrease Internet charges.
Key Words: , , ,
ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ СТАБІЛЬНОСТІ РОЗВИТКУ ЕКОНОМІКИ ЧЕРЕЗ ЕФЕКТИВНЕ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ БАНКІВСЬКОГО СЕКТОРУ
Authors: Гірченко Т. , Боярко І. , Стороженко О. , Семенюк І. 
Published: October 2021

Анотація. Досліджено шляхи забезпечення стабільного розвитку економіки через ефективне функціонування банківського сектору. Розкрито поняття стабільного розвитку та ефективності функціонування банківської системи. Проаналізовано ключові засади макропруденційної та мікропруденційної політики і визначено основні переваги кожної з них. Охарактеризовано інструменти реалізації макропруденційної політики для забезпечення сталого розвитку економіки. Окреслено особливості застосування рейтингового оцінювання, ролі державних банків та інвестиційного банкінгу як найбільш оптимальні заходи для забезпечення економічного розвитку. Наведено перспективні цифрові технології в банківській системі функціонування, які мають довгостроковий стратегічний характер розвитку.
Підтверджено, що розвиток економіки країни залежить від багатьох факторів внутрішньої організації мікроекономічного середовища. Серед аспектів якісного підвищення конкурентоспроможності національної економіки важливою складовою є саме акцентування політики посилення ефективності діяльності на ринковий сектор. Інфраструктура ринкового і фінансового секторів складається з інструментів фінансового впливу, а також додаткових комплексних заходів, спрямованих на створення багатоканальної системи різноманітних інститутів та установ, структурованого реального фінансового сектору послуг, ураховуючи загальну стабільність банківської системи. Якість та ефективність діяльність фінансового сектору можна визначити, зокрема, за показником особливостей створення ринкових товарів і послуг, які утворюють можливість для створення ринкових відношень за оптимальними цінами.
Дійшли висновку, що останнім важливим фактором для перспективи забезпечення стабільного розвитку економіки через ефективне функціонування банківської системи є використання цифрових технологій, адже у світі відбувається стрімкий перехід від традиційної форми економіки до цифрової, тому й банківська система повинна трансформуватись до сучасних реалій із використанням актуальних інноваційних технологій.
Ключові слова: стабільний економічний розвиток, банківська система, інвестиційний банкінг, рейтингове оцінювання, макропруденційна політика.
Формул: 0; рис.: 0; табл.: 7; бібл.: 12.
Awareness of Patients Applying to a Cancer Research Center About Early Diagnosis of Cancer
Authors: GÖKGÖZ DURMAZ Funda , CİHAN Fatma Gökşin 
Published: October 2021

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the level of knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of patients about cancer types, symptoms, and early diagnosis methods.
Method: Individuals over the age of 18 who agreed to participate in the study were included in this descriptive study. Those who had any psychiatric disease and treated for cancer were excluded from the study. In order to collect the data, a questionnaire form was applied by face-to-face interview method. SPSS-24 program was used for statistical analysis.
Result: A total of 324 volunteers, 266 women (82.1%) participated in the study. The mean age of the participants was 49.04±6.19, 263 of them were married (81.2%), 71.3% were primary school graduates and 37.3% had cancer in one of their first degree relatives. A statistically significant correlation was found between having cancer in the family and having cancer screening regularly (p=0.038). There was no significant relationship between gender, marital status and regular cancer screening (p˃0.05). Of the participants 18.2% thought that cancer screening did not improve health, and 11% thought that we did not need to be screened because we were not at risk.
Conclusion: The level of knowledge and awareness of the participants about cancer types, screening methods and screening programs was found to be low. In order to implement national cancer control programs, public knowledge and awareness of cancer should be increased. Further studies should be carried out so that the importance of early diagnosis can be learned by the society and made it an individual responsibility.