bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does the appearance of the cutaneous scar after cesarean section reflect the residual myometrial thickness?
Authors: Al Naimi Ammar , Mouzakiti Niki , Eißmann Carmen , Louwen Frank , Bahlmann Franz 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study is to utilize the Manchester scar scale (MSS) and ultrasound in investigating the association between uterine wall defects and cutaneous scar characteristics after cesarean section (CS).

Methods
This is a prospective cohort study. The degree of myometrial loss was quantified by calculating a residual myometrial thickness (RMT) ratio as a percentage of RMT to the pre-cesarean anterior uterine wall thickness. Cutaneous scar assessment was performed according to the MSS. Spearman’s correlation and the Kruskal–Wallis test with a cut-off value of p < 0.05 were used for statistical analysis.

Results
Two hundred forty seven women, of which 2.4% had an Asian, 3.6% an Afro-American, 82% a Caucasian and 12% a Mediterranean background, were recruited. The RMT ratio ranged between 11.9 and 100% with a median of 55.8% and an average of 56%. MSS scores ranged from 4 to 13 with a median of 5 and an average of 6. Spearman’s correlation between MSS and RMT ratio show a rho of − 0.01 with a p value of 0.8. The correlation between MSS and RMT ratio within the four ethnical groups showed a p value between 0.3 and 0.8 and a rho between 0.8 and − 0.8. The Kruskal–Wallis test showed an eta2 of 0.13 and a p value of 0.0002 for the effect of ethnicity on MSS and an eta2 of 0.009 and a p value of 0.68 for the effect of ethnicity on the RMT ratio.

Conclusion
CS laparotomy scars heal differently between ethnical groups, but generally with satisfying results. Ethnicity does not affect myometrial healing and scar appearance does not reflect myometrial healing after CS. Thus, separate uterine sonographic assessment is recommended.
Systematic identification and characterization of circular RNAs involved in flag leaf senescence of rice
Authors: Huang Xiaoping , Zhang Hongyu , Guo Rong , Wang Qiang , Liu Xuanzhi , Kuang Weigang , Song Haiyan , Liao Jianglin , Huang Yingjin , Wang Zhaohai 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Main conclusion
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) identification, expression profiles, and construction of circRNA-parental gene relationships and circRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA networks indicate that circRNAs are involved in flag leaf senescence of rice.

Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of 3′-5′ head-to-tail covalently closed non-coding RNAs which have been proved to play important roles in various biological processes. However, no systematic identification of circRNAs associated with leaf senescence in rice has been studied. In this study, a genome-wide high-throughput sequencing analysis was performed using rice flag leaves developing from normal to senescence. Here, a total of 6612 circRNAs were identified, among which, 113 circRNAs were differentially expressed (DE) during the leaf senescence process. Moreover, 4601 (69.59%) circRNAs were derived from the exons or introns of their parental genes, while 2110 (71%) of the parental genes produced only one circRNA. The sequence alignment analysis showed that hundreds of rice circRNAs were conserved among different plant species. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that parental genes of DE circRNAs were enriched in many biological processes closely related to leaf senescence. Through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), six continuously down-expressed circRNAs, 18 continuously up-expressed circRNAs and 15 turn-point high-expressed circRNAs were considered to be highly associated with leaf senescence. Additionally, a total of 17 senescence-associated circRNAs were predicted to have parental genes, in which, regulations of three circRNAs to their parental genes were validated by qRT-PCR. The competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks were also constructed. And a total of 11 senescence-associated circRNAs were predicted to act as miRNA sponges to regulate mRNAs, in which, regulation of two circRNAs to eight mRNAs was validated by qRT-PCR. It is discussed that senescence-associated circRNAs were involved in flag leaf senescence probably through mediating their parental genes and ceRNA networks, to participate in several well-studied senescence-associated processes, mainly including the processes of transcription, translation, and posttranslational modification (especially protein glycosylation), oxidation–reduction process, involvement of senescence-associated genes, hormone signaling pathway, proteolysis, and DNA damage repair. This study not only showed the systematic identification of circRNAs involved in leaf senescence of rice, but also laid a foundation for functional research on candidate circRNAs.
Surgical and oncological efficacy of laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy versus open total gastrectomy for gastric cancer by propensity score matching: a retrospective comparative study
Authors: Fan Yingcong , Liu Maoxing , Li Shijie , Yu Jianhong , Qi Xinyu , Tan Fei , Xu Kai , Zhang Nan , Yao Zhendan , Yang Hong , Zhang Chenghai , Xing Jiadi , Wang Zaozao , Cui Ming , Su Xiangqian 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The application of laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy (LATG) for resectable gastric cancer (GC) remains controversial compared with open total gastrectomy (OTG), especially for advanced gastric cancer (AGC) patients according to the inconsistent results demonstrated in the previous studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the short-term and long-term outcomes between LATG and OTG in a population with more than 80% AGC patients by applying propensity score matching (PSM) method.

Methods
The data of 365 clinical stage I–III GC cases who underwent total gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy were retrospectively collected from January 2011 to April 2018 in the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV of Peking University Cancer Hospital. Propensity scores were generated through taking all covariates into consideration and 131 pairs of patients receiving either LATG or OTG were matched. Intraoperative, postoperative, and survival parameters were compared in the matched groups accordingly. Risk factors for postoperative complications and overall survival were further analyzed.

Results
Patient characteristics in the LATG and OTG groups were well balanced after PSM. LATG showed advantages with respect to shorter time to ambulation, first flatus, and first whole liquid diet intake. No significant differences were found between the two groups with regard to postoperative complications as well as overall survival in terms of different pathological stage. Older age was found as an independent risk factor for postoperative complications, and pathological stage for overall survival as well.

Conclusion
LATG appears to have comparable surgical and oncological safety with OTG by experienced surgeons.
Climate change affects seed aging? Initiation mechanism and consequences of loss of forest tree seed viability
Authors: Kijowska-Oberc Joanna , Staszak Aleksandra M. , Ratajczak Ewelina 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Key message
Environmental stress resulting from rapid climate changes leads to the initiation of the seed aging process in mitochondria and peroxisomes. Seed storage methods limiting germinability loss are fundamental for forest future.

Abstract
Seed aging is a natural process. It decreases the seed germination rate, i.e. the process is essential for the plant’s life cycle. Aging involves a progressive accumulation of oxidative damage over time. One of the main plant responses to stress is an excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as O
2
−•
, H2O2 and •OH. If the concentration of ROS is too high, it causes damage of the structure of lipid membranes, proteins, carbohydrates, and DNA. Climate changes affect tree reproduction and may have long-term consequences in the form of reduced species dispersal and acquisition of new habitats. High temperatures accelerate the aging of seeds and decrease their viability. There is, therefore, an indisputable need to store forest reproductive material to maintain continuity of regeneration in farm forests. The quality of seeds subjected to long-term storage correlates negatively with ROS concentration, as ROS accumulation typically occurs in tissues experiencing oxidative stress. Therefore, to preserve forest genetic resources, it is particularly important to know the causes and sites of initiation of the aging process in seed cells, as well as to prevent the germination rate decrease by developing appropriate storage methods. The main organelles responsible for intracellular ROS production are mitochondria and peroxisomes. This article aims at verifying the causes of seed aging and determining its consequences for future forest regeneration due to climate changes. We review the literature on oxidative stress, as well as the sites where the tree seed aging process originates, such as mitochondria and peroxisomes.
Tutorial on systems with antifragility to downtime
Authors: Hole Kjell Jørgen 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAn antifragile system of software and stakeholders, including designers, developers, and operators, learn from incidents how to avoid outages and maintain high uptime. This tutorial article reviews how to design and operate such socio-technical systems with antifragility to downtime. It documents the importance of four design principles and two operational principles by exploring the polar opposite anti-principles and the interplay between the principles and the anti-principles. The design principles mandate a software design of separate and isolatable processes with sufficient diversity and redundancy. The processes should communicate asynchronously over an external network. The operational principles imply that the software development teams should repeatedly inject artificial failures into the production system to understand its behavior and detect and mitigate vulnerabilities as the system and its environment change.
Facial emotion recognition impairment predicts social and emotional problems in children with (subthreshold) ADHD
Authors: Staff Anouck I. , Luman Marjolein , van der Oord Saskia , Bergwerff Catharina E. , van den Hoofdakker Barbara J. , Oosterlaan Jaap 
Published: January 2021

AbstractChildren with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms often experience social and emotional problems. Impaired facial emotion recognition has been suggested as a possible underlying mechanism, although impairments may depend on the type and intensity of emotions. We investigated facial emotion recognition in children with (subthreshold) ADHD and controls using a novel task with children’s faces of emotional expressions varying in type and intensity. We further investigated associations between emotion recognition accuracy and social and emotional problems in the ADHD group. 83 children displaying ADHD symptoms and 30 controls (6–12 years) completed the Morphed Facial Emotion Recognition Task (MFERT). The MFERT assesses emotion recognition accuracy on four emotions using five expression intensity levels. Teachers and parents rated social and emotional problems on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed that the ADHD group showed poorer emotion recognition accuracy compared to controls across emotions (small effect). The significant group by expression intensity interaction (small effect) showed that the increase in accuracy with increasing expression intensity was smaller in the ADHD group compared to controls. Multiple regression analyses within the ADHD group showed that emotion recognition accuracy was inversely related to social and emotional problems, but not prosocial behavior. Not only children with an ADHD diagnosis, but also children with subthreshold ADHD experience impairments in facial emotion recognition. This impairment is predictive for social and emotional problems, which may suggest that emotion recognition may contribute to the development of social and emotional problems in these children.
Runoff and focused groundwater-recharge response to flooding rains in the arid zone of Australia
Authors: Acworth R. Ian , Rau Gabriel C. , Cuthbert Mark O. , Leggett Keith , Andersen Martin S. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA groundwater recharge investigation in the arid zone of Australia is presented. The investigation used a wide range of hydrogeological techniques including geological mapping, surface and borehole geophysics, groundwater hydraulics, streambed temperature and pressure monitoring, and hydrogeochemical and environmental tracer sampling, and it was complemented by analysis of rainfall intensity from 18 tipping-bucked rain gauges, climate data and stream runoff measurements. Run-off and recharge from a 200-mm rainfall event in January 2015, the largest daily rainfall in the local 50-year record, were investigated in detail. While this major storm provided substantial run-off as a potential source for focused, indirect recharge, it only produced enough actual recharge to the shallow aquifer to temporarily halt a long-term groundwater recession. A series of smaller rainfall-runoff events in 2016 produced a similar recharge response. The results suggest that the total magnitude of a flood event is not the main control on indirect groundwater recharge at this location. A deeper aquifer shows no hydraulic response to surface-water flow events and is isolated from the shallow system, consistent with its Pleistocene groundwater age. This supports a growing body of evidence indicating that attributing or predicting generalised changes in recharge to changes in climate in dryland environments should not be attempted without first unravelling the dynamic processes governing groundwater recharge in the locality of interest. The results should prompt more detailed and long-term field investigation in other arid zone locations to further understand the episodic and nonlinear nature of recharge in such environments.
Factors that influence biological survival in rheumatoid arthritis: results of a real-world academic cohort from the Netherlands
Authors: van Mulligen Elise , Ahmed Saad , Weel Angelique E. A. M. , Hazes Johanna M. W. , van der Helm- van Mil Annette H. M. , de Jong Pascal H. P. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe aim to explore real-world biological survival stratified for discontinuation reason and determine its influenceability in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Data from the local pharmacy database and patient records of a university hospital in the Netherlands were used. RA patients who started a biological between 2000 and 2020 were included. Data on age, anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) and rheumatoid factor (RF) status, presence of erosions, gender, body mass index, time to first biological, biological survival time, use of csDMARDs, and discontinuation reasons were collected. Of the included 318 patients, 12% started their first biological within 6 months after diagnosis. The median time to first biological was 3.6 years (95% CI, 1.0–7.2). The median survival of the first- and second-line biological was respectively 1.7 years (95% CI, 1.3–2.2) and 0.8 years (95% CI, 0.5–1.0) (p = 0.0001). Discontinuation reasons for the first-line biological were ineffectiveness (47%), adverse events (17%), remission (16%), pregnancy (30%), or patient preference (10%). Multivariable Cox regression analyses for discontinuation due to inefficacy or adverse events showed that concomitant use of csDMARDs (HR = 1.32, p < 0.001) positively while RF positivity negatively (HR = 0.82, p = 0.03) influenced biological survival. ACPA positivity was associated with the inability to discontinue biologicals after achieving remission (HR = 1.43, p = 0.023). Second-line TNF inhibitor survival was similar between patients with a primary and secondary non-response on the first-line TNF inhibitor (HR = 1.28, p = 0.34). Biological survival diminishes with the number of biologicals used. Biological survival is prolonged if patients use csDMARDs. RF was negatively associated with biological survival. ACPA was negatively associated with the inability to discontinue biologicals after achieving remission. Therefore, tailoring treatment based upon autoantibody status might be the first step towards personalized medicine in RA.

Key Points• Prolonged biological survival is a surrogate for treatment effectiveness; however, an increasing amount of patients will taper treatment due to remission, and factors influencing biological survival based on separate reasons for discontinuation have not been explored.• We found that combining a biological DMARD with a conventional synthetic DMARD increases biological DMARD survival. Rheumatoid factor is negatively associated with biological survival. Anti-citrullinated protein antibody is negatively associated with the inability to discontinue the biological when remission was reached.• The first step towards personalized medicine might be tailoring of treatment based upon autoantibody status.
Serodiagnosis of Lyme borreliosis—is IgM in serum more harmful than helpful?
Authors: Hillerdal Henrik , Henningsson Anna J. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractInterpretation of serological findings in suspected Lyme borreliosis (LB) may be challenging and IgM reactivities in serum are often unspecific (false positive). There is a risk for overdiagnosis of LB, inadequate use of antibiotics, and potential delay of proper diagnosis. In this study, we evaluated the diagnostic value of IgM analysis in serum and IgM antibody index (AI) in LB diagnosis. This was a retrospective observational study regarding Borrelia-specific antibodies in serum and Borrelia-specific AI in LB investigations being made during 2017 in Jönköping County, Sweden. Medical records of 610 patients with detectable anti-Borrelia antibodies in serum (IgM and/or IgG) and 15 patients with elevated Borrelia-specific AI were retrospectively scrutinized, and the compliance to current European recommendations was assessed. Among the 610 patients, only 30% were tested according to the European recommendations. Within this group of tests taken correctly, 50% of the LB diagnoses in patients with isolated IgM reactivity in serum were retrospectively assessed as incorrect (LB unlikely). Three pediatric patients with clinical and laboratory findings suggestive of Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) had elevated IgM AI alone. Serological testing without distinct clinical signs/symptoms consistent with LB contributes to most misdiagnoses. Isolated IgM positivity in serum shows limited clinical value and needs further assessment before being reported by the laboratory. Detection of IgM in combination with IgG antibodies in serum shows no clinical enhancement for correct LB diagnosis compared to isolated IgG positivity. However, Borrelia-specific IgM AI may be important for sensitivity in early LNB.
Serious adverse events with novel beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations: a large-scale pharmacovigilance analysis
Authors: Gatti Milo , Raschi Emanuel , De Ponti Fabrizio 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to characterize adverse events (AEs) of clinical interest reported with ceftolozane-tazobactam and ceftazidime-avibactam, as an aid in monitoring patients affected by severe multidrug-resistant Gram-negative infections. We queried the worldwide FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) and performed disproportionality analysis, selecting only designated medical events (DMEs) where ceftolozane-tazobactam and ceftazidime-avibactam were reported as suspect. Serious neurological AEs were further investigated. The reporting odds ratios were calculated, deemed significant by the lower limit of the 95% confidence interval (LL95% CI) > 1. All other drugs/events recorded in FAERS and cephalosporins showing clinical evidence of neurological AEs were respectively selected as comparator for analysis of DMEs and neurotoxicity. Qualitative analysis including case-by-case assessment and deduplication was also performed. Overall, 654 and 506 reports mentioning respectively ceftolozane-tazobactam and ceftazidime-avibactam were found, with DMEs accounting respectively for 13.1% and 10.9% of cases. Agranulocytosis (N = 12; LL95% CI = 12.40) and pancytopenia (14; 6.18) emerged as unexpected AEs with ceftolozane-tazobactam, while acute pancreatitis (7; 8.63) was an over-reported unexpected DME with ceftazidime-avibactam. After deduplication, four unequivocally different cases of agranulocytosis with ceftolozane-tazobactam were retained, occurring on average after 8.8 days. Causality was probable and possible respectively in three and one case. Among neurological AEs exhibiting significant disproportionality, encephalopathy with both antibiotics and mental status changes with ceftazidime-avibactam were retained in at least three cases after deduplication. Although rare, clinicians should monitor high-risk patients (i.e. individuals affected by haematological malignances, HIV infection, or treated with concomitant myelotoxic agents) for early unexpected occurrence of agranulocytosis with ceftolozane-tazobactam.
Geo-referenced simulation of pharmaceuticals in whole watersheds: application of GREAT-ER 4.1 in Germany
Authors: Lämmchen Volker , Niebaum Gunnar , Berlekamp Jürgen , Klasmeier Jörg 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe geo-referenced regional exposure assessment tool for European rivers (GREAT-ER) is designed to support river basin management or the implementation process within the EU Water Framework Directive by predicting spatially resolved exposure concentrations in whole watersheds. The usefulness of the complimentary application of targeted monitoring and GREAT-ER simulations is demonstrated with case studies for three pharmaceuticals in selected German watersheds. Comparison with monitoring data corroborates the capability of the probabilistic model approach to predict the expected range of spatial surface water concentrations. Explicit consideration of local pharmaceutical emissions from hospitals or private doctor’s offices (e.g., for X-ray contrast agents) can improve predictions on the local scale without compromising regional exposure assessment. Pharmaceuticals exhibiting low concentrations hardly detectable with established analytical methods (e.g., EE2) can be evaluated with model simulations. Management scenarios allow for a priori assessment of risk reduction measures. In combination with targeted monitoring approaches, the GREAT-ER model can serve as valuable support tool for exposure and risk assessment of pharmaceuticals in whole watersheds.