bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Spinal Deformity Characteristics on Patient-reported Outcome Measurement Information System Scores in Patients With Idiopathic Scoliosis Undergoing Posterior Spinal Fusion
Authors: Luhmann Scott J. , Kelly Mike P. , Enata Nichelle H. , Brouillet Kirsten , Etienne Ernst , Kelly Brian A. 
Published: March 2021

Introduction:
The impact of posterior spinal fusion (PSF) on physical function and pain and mental health in pediatric patients as quantified by the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS), developed by the National Institute of Health, is largely unknown. The purpose of this study is to report the changes of PROMIS scores for upper extremity (UE), pain interference (PI), mobility (MOB), and peer relationships (PR) after PSF in patients with idiopathic scoliosis (IS), compare postoperative changes in PROMIS PI and Scoliosis Research Society-30 pain scores, and evaluate associations between curve characteristics and PROMIS scores.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort of 122 patients (<18 years old) who underwent PSF for IS was identified through electronic medical record search. PROMIS scores were obtained preoperatively and 6 weeks, 6 months, 1 years, 2 years, and 3 years postoperatively.

Results:
The mean age of the cohort was 14.2 ± 1.6 years, and the mean Cobb angle was 62.9 ± 13.8° at surgery. Eighty patients had preoperative PROMIS data. UE and MOB scores were statistically lower at 6 weeks and 6 months postoperatively and returned to baseline with a longer follow-up. PI scores were significantly lower at 1 and 2 years postoperatively. PR was unchanged up to 2 years postoperatively and then showed significant improvement. There was a statistically significant negative relationships between lowest instrumented vertebra and PROMIS UE and MOB scores at 6 weeks and 1 year postoperatively, but not at a longer follow-up. There were no significant differences noted in PI and PR PROMIS scores and lowest instrumented vertebra. PROMIS scores were not statistically associated with the Lenke Classification, number of vertebral levels fused, or percentage coronal correction.

Discussion:
Changes in PROMIS functional domains (UE and MOB) postoperatively normalize at longer follow-ups. Changes in PI and PR demonstrated improvements over preoperative values at 1 to 2 years postoperatively. Preoperative coronal and sagittal measures, and the percentage correction did not correlate with any PROMIS scores.
First Principles Study on the Electronic Structure and Optical Properties of La Doped YB6 Crystals
Authors: TANG Hongbo , LI Qiuyue , ZHOU Jian , XIAO Lihua , PENG Ping 
Published: March 2021

Received 03 January 2020; accepted 17 June 2020
We have investigated the optical properties of La (0, 0.125, 0.250) doped YB6 by means of first-principles calculations within the framework of density functional theory. It was found that electronic and optical properties of YB6 crystals varied remarkably when Y atoms were replaced with La atoms. Furthermore, with increasing content of La in YB6 crystals from 12.5 % to 25 % reflectivity and absorption coefficient of near infrared light decreased obviously, while the transmittance was enhanced.
Fabrication of Nickel Coatings on Zirconia Balls by Mechanical Ball Milling and the Process Analysis
Authors: CHEN Lijia , CHEN Haibin , LI Rongyong , HE Weifeng , YANG Yuhui 
Published: March 2021

The Ni coatings were prepared from nickel metal powder and zirconia ceramic balls by mechanical coating technique. The relationship between rotation speed and coatings thickness was studied, the thickness of the coatings was characterized by the weight increase of the zirconia balls after mechanical coating. The composition and microstructure of the coatings with maximum thickness were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The results revealed that the formation of coatings consists of thickening from the cold welding between Ni particles and the thinning from the exfoliation of coatings work hardening. The thickness of the coatings reaches the maximum when the above two process progress are close to each other. The results proved that higher speed was favor of the coatings formation, the maximum thickness was obtained at the 15 h for rotation speed of 240 rpm, and microscopic images show that the average thickness was about 20 μm.
Early wound healing of the hard-palate mucosal harvest site using artificial dermis fixation by a transparent plate
Authors: Suzuki Yushi , Tanaka Ichiro , Sakai Shigeki , Yamauchi Tomohiro 
Published: March 2021

Background There are currently no guidelines for the postoperative wound management of the hard-palate donor site in cases involving mucosal harvesting. This study describes our experiences with the use of an artificial dermis for early epithelialization and transparent plate fixation in cases involving hard-palate mucosal harvesting.
Methods A transparent palatal plate was custom-fabricated using a thermoplastic resin board. After mucosal harvesting, an alginic acid-containing wound dressing (Sorbsan) was applied to the donor site, which was then covered with the plate. After confirming hemostasis, the dressing was changed to artificial dermis a few days later, and the plate was fixed to the artificial dermis. The size of the mucosal defect ranged from 8×25 to 20×40 mm.
Results Plate fixation was adequate, with no postoperative slippage or infection of the artificial dermis. There was no pain at the harvest site, but a slight sense of incongruity during eating was reported. Although the fabrication and application of the palatal plate required extra steps before and after harvesting, the combination of the artificial dermis and palatal plate was found to be very useful for protecting the mucosal harvest site, and resulted in decreased pain and earlier epithelialization.
Conclusions The combination of artificial dermis and a transparent palatal plate for wound management at the hard-palate mucosal donor site resolved some of the limitations of conventional methods.
Participatory GIS Mode of Sustainable Surface and Groundwater Management Practices Involving NGOs in India
Authors: Krishnan L. Murali , Kumarasamy N. , Sivabalan K. C. , Oliyarasan S. , Ravikumar R. , Barua Sukanaya , Mary M. V. KarunaJeba , Ragavendra K. , Kannan K. 
Published: March 2021

Groundwater resources plays important role in agro-biodiversity and environmental conservation perspectives. Surface and groundwater have played a significant role in the agrarian economics in the developing economics particularly in India. At the same time, the tropical and sub-tropical India is the largest groundwater user in the world through unregulated construction and utilization of millions of private wells in the last five decades exploited groundwater availability and sustainable regeneration issues. Hence, in order to improve the surface and groundwater conservation, regeneration, management and protection for sustainable utilization of Groundwater requires a participatory and coordinated action. Nationwide, many national and regional Non Government Organisations (NGOs) are functioning in the line of effective surface and ground water management the community. The recent Geographical Information Systems (GIS) based technologies also supports for drought mitigation and climate change adaptation. This study highlights the important NGOs led sustainable Groundwater management practices under various local hydro geological settings and agro economic realities for up scaling the community driven sustainable Groundwater management.
Effect of IBA and Rooting Media on Hardwood Cuttings of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) CV. Bhagwa
Authors: Tanwar Dinesh Raj , Bairwa H. L. , Lakhawat S. S. , Mahawer L. N. , Jat Raj kumar , Choudhary Ramesh Chand 
Published: March 2021

An experiment was carried out during at Horticulture Farm, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur, Rajasthan during 2018 (February to May) to work out the most suitable growing media and Indole-3 Butyric Acid concentration for producing the best quality cutting of Pomegranate. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design with a total of sixteen treatments replicated thrice. Result showed that the treatment combination (T13) comprising Coco peat : Perlite : Vermiculite with 2000 ppm IBA recorded highest values in terms of length of cutting after survival (81.08 cm), percentage of rooted cuttings (97.78%), survival of rooted cuttings (93.78%), number of roots per cutting (41.50), length of longest roots per cutting (32.03 cm), fresh weight of root (2.25 g), sprouts per cutting (2.59), shoots per cutting (9.87), length of shoots per cutting (32.33 cm), leaves per rooted cuttings (145.40), leaves per longest shoot (29.99), fresh weight of shoot (16.67 g), root to shoot ratio (0.15) and survival percentage after shifting in poly bags (82.22).
Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels on the Incidence of Insect Pests in Four Rice Cultivars
Authors: Paramasiva I. , Vineetha U. , Sreelakshmi Ch. , Harathi P. N. 
Published: March 2021

Aim: To determine the effect of local rice cultivars and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer on the incidence of stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker); leaffolder, Cnephalocrocis medinalis (Guenee); and gall midge, Orseolia oryzae (Wood Mason) and on grain yield of rice.
Study Design: A field experiment for two consecutive years was carried out in a split-plot arrangement in randomized block design with three replications.
Place and duration of the study: Department of Entomology, Agricultural Research Station, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India during Kharif, 2013 and 2014.
Methodology: The rice cultivars (NLR 20104, NLR 20106, NLR 3135 and NLR 33892) were attributed to experimental main plots and nitrogen levels (40, 80, 120, 160 and 200 kg ha-1) to the sub plots. Observations on incidence of stem borer, gall midge and leaf folder was recorded in randomly selected 10 hills per subplot in replication and percent incidence was calculated.
Results: The pest incidence for the treatments with high N rate as 160 and 200 kg/ha was higher (31.43 & 43.86% stem borer, 9.23 & 13.59% leaffolder and 2.75 & 3.00% gall midge, respectively) than that for lower N rate i.e. 40 and 80 kg ha-1 (19.24 & 20.04% stem borer, 7.37 & 7.95% leaffolder and 1.42 & 1.93% gall midge, respectively). Different rice cultivars significantly influenced the leaffolder incidence but not the stem borer and gall midge incidence. The Highest leaffolder incidence (13.44%) was noticed in NLR 20104 cultivar which was followed by NLR 3135 cultivar with 9.64% leaffolder incidence. Gall midge and leaffolder incidence was not significantly influenced by the combined effect of rice cultivar and nitrogen levels; in contrast, interaction effect has a significant influence on stem borer incidence. Significantly lowest stem borer incidence (18.21%) was noticed with NLR 3135 rice cultivar treated with 40 N ha-1, which was statistically on par with the NLR 20106 rice cultivar treated with 40 kg N ha-1 (18.23%) and NLR 20104 rice cultivar treated with 40 kg N ha-1 (19.76%). Among the different cultivarscultivar, NLR 33892 cultivarhad produced significantly highest grain yield (5955 kg ha-1) may be for having higher physiological indices. The highest/optimum grain yield (5726 kg ha-1) produced by plots that received 120 kg N ha-1. Further increase in nitrogen level beyond 120 kg ha-1 did not significantly improve the grain yield. Optimal N rate was revealed to be 120 kg ha-1 for four rice cultivars for reducing the stem borer/leaffolder/gall midge incidence so as to minimize the cost of inputs for pest control measures and for achieving high grain yield.
Conclusions: The incremental doses of nitrogen fertilizer significantly enhanced stem borer, leaffolder and gall midge infestation on rice, which further affects the grain yields.
On a Question of Prime Labeling of Graphs
Authors: Athapattu A. M. C. U. M. , Ranasinghe P. G. R. S. 
Published: March 2021

In the field of graph theory, the complete graph of vertices is a simple undirected graph such that every pair of distinct vertices is connected by a unique edge. In the present work, we introduce planar subgraph of with maximal number of edges . Generally, does not admit prime labeling. We present an algorithm to obtain prime-labeled subgraphs of . We conclude the paper by stating two conjectures based on labeling of . In particular, the planar subgraph admits anti-magic labeling but does not admit edge magic total labeling.
RP-HPLC Method Development and Validation of Tapentadol Hydrochloride in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Formulations
Authors: Sangeetha G. , Manickam M. Swamivel , Kumar P. Sanil 
Published: March 2021

Objective: Tapentadol Hydrochloride was approved (November 2008) by the United States Food and Drug Administration for the relief of moderate to severe pain. It is an opioid analgesic, acts by dual mechanism as opioid receptor agonist and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor. The present research work was aimed to develop an accurate, precise, and rapid RP-HPLC method and subsequently validates the method according to the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines for the determination of Tapentadol Hydrochloride.
Methods: Tapentadol Hydrochloride was analyzed by using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. Better separation of the drug was achieved by using a Symmetry C18 column (150x4.6mm, 3.5μm) with the mobile phase consisted of a mixture of Orthophosphoric acid (0.1% of Orthophosphoric acid in HPLC water) and acetonitrile in the ratio of 30:70 v/v at a flow rate of 1 ml/min, and the detection was at the wavelength of 219nm using a PDA detector.
Results: The retention time of Tapentadol Hydrochloride was found to be 3.747 ± 0.127 min. The method was found to be linear in the range of 10-200 ug/ml with a correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.9991. The LOD and LOQ of the method were calculated to be 0.1 and 1μg/ml respectively. The method precision and system precision was estimated and the results were calculated as % RSD values, which were found to be within the limits. Recovery of Tapentadol Hydrochloride was found to be 100.1%, which confirms the efficiency of the method.
Conclusion: The developed RP-HPLC method was validated using standard ICH guidelines. The developed method can be used for the analysis of both tapentadol hydrochloride bulk and formulations.
Clostridial Vaccine for Veterinary Use in Iran: A Review
Authors: Khiav Lida Abdolmohammadi , Paradise Alireza , Langroudi Reza Pilehchian , Khaki Pejvak 
Published: March 2021

Clostridia are Gram-positive anaerobic, spore-forming rods, found in soil, water as well as gastro-intestinal tract of human and animals worldwide. Clostridial infections are among the most prevalent diseases in Iran. Clostridium causes botulism, tetanus, food poisoning, wound infections, enterotoxaemia, gas gangrene, necrotic enteritis, pseudomembranous colitis, blackleg and black disease. Clostridium also causes several diseases affecting the livestock and poultry industries throughout the world. Vaccination against clostridial infection is effective in immunization of domestic animals and birds. This review discusses clostridial infection and the development of vaccines against their infection in Iran. The last reported outbreaks of blackleg, black disease and enterotoxaemia occurred years ago, so these vaccines have been produced since the 1960s using traditional and conventional methods. In recent years, molecular biology methods have been developed and applied to the identification of clostridial diseases among animals. In this study, molecular cloning strategies for the major toxins of Clostridium species, for development of recombinant vaccines, were designed and evaluated. In vivo studies indicate that the recombinant vaccines will increase immunity against disease in laboratory animals. These experimental vaccines can thus be used in future pilot studies in Iran. This review article presents current knowledge regarding C. perfringens, C. novyi, C. septicum and C. chauvoei in the veterinary industry in Iran.
Retrospective longitudinal study on Canine and Feline Parvovirus Infections in Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
Authors: Al Eissaee Shamma Abdulla , Mohteshamuddin Khaja , Mahel Zaib , Ameni Gobena 
Published: March 2021

Background: There is a lack of epidemiological data on parvovirus infections in cats and dogs in the Al Ain, United Arab Emirates (UAE).
Objective: To conduct retrospective longitudinal study on parvovirus infections in cats and dogs treated at the Claws and Paws Veterinary Clinic in Al Ain, UAE.
Methods: Data on clinical examination and laboratory tests were extracted in March 2020 retrospectively from case records of cats and dogs treated at Paws & Claws Veterinary Clinic in Al Ain between February 2019 to March 2020.
Results: Of the total 2247 cases of small animals treated at Claws and Paws clinic for different health problems between February 2019 and March 2020, 68 were parvovirus infection cases constituting 3% (95% confidence interval, CI: 2.3%, 3.8%) of the total small animal cases treated at the Clinic during the indicated time. Seventy-two percent of the parvovirus cases were feline parvovirus (FPV) cases (feline panleukopenia) while the remaining 28% of the cases were canine parvovirus (CPV) cases. The difference in the proportions of CPV and FPV was significant (c2 = 26.14; p<0.001). Overall, the number of cases was low during most months of the year; but increased in November and December 2019 reaching its peak in January 2020 after which it declined. Significant (Cochran’s Q test=141.54; p<0.001) difference was observed in the proportions of animals exhibited different clinical signs.
Conclusion: This study indicated the endemicity of CPV and FPV infections in Al Ain. Additionally, increase in number of cases was observed between November January, suggesting seasonality of the epidemics requiring for vaccination prior to the epidemic period.
Assessment of allelopathic potential of Dalbergia cochinchinensis Pierre and its growth inhibitory substance
Authors: Krumsri Ramida , Iwasaki Arihiro , Suenaga Kiyotake , Kato-Noguchi Hisashi 
Published: March 2021

In forestry systems, many types of forest trees possess allelopathic properties and release a wide variety of allelochemicals that influence the growth and development of surrounding species. Dalbergia cochinchinensis, a forest tree distributed in Southeast Asia, is reputed to possess several biological properties and contain several secondary compounds. However, there have been no studies on the allelopathy of D. cochinchinensis. Therefore, D. cochinchinensis leaf extracts were examined for allelopathic potential. The present study showed that D. cochinchinensis extracts significantly inhibited the seedling growth of six test plant species: timothy, Italian ryegrass, barnyard grass, cress, alfalfa, and lettuce. Concentrations of the D. cochinchinensis extracts negatively correlated with the shoot length (r = −0.50 to −0.89) and root length (r = −0.65 to −0.89) of all the test plant species. The extracts were then purified using several chromatographic steps and the growth inhibitory substance was isolated. The chemical structure of the substance was identified through spectroscopic analysis as 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (protocatechuic acid). Protocatechuic acid at a concentration higher than 3 mM significantly inhibited the growth of cress seedlings, whereas barnyard grass seedlings were inhibited at concentrations higher than 0.3 mM. As the protocatechuic acid concentration increased, the seedling growth of cress and barnyard grass was significantly reduced. I50 values showed the effectiveness of protocatechuic acid against both test plant species was apparently greater on root growth than shoot growth. Results of this study suggest that protocatechuic acid isolated from D. cochinchinensis might be responsible for its inhibitory effects.
Effect of organic fertilization on soil characteristics, yield and quality of Virginia Tobacco in Mediterranean area.
Authors: Tabaxi Ioanna , Kakabouki Ioanna , Ζisi Charikleia , Folina Antigolena , Karydogianni Stella , Kalivas Apostolos , Bilalis Dimitrios 
Published: March 2021

As organic tobacco is a consumer choice, it is necessary to explore the proper fertilization program with environmentally friendly practices. Α field experiment lasting 3 growing seasons established at the Agricultural University of Athens in order to examined the effect of comparison between organic and inorganic fertilization on (flue-cured) Virginia tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum L.) and soil. A randomized complete block design with four treatments (manure, compost, NPK and control) and three replications was set up. The results of analysis of variance for treatments showed that the organic matter of soil did not affected by the fertilization while CaCO3 significantly affected by fertilization. The N concentration in soil does not significantly affected by fertilization. Plants height was higher under the inorganic fertilization in comparison to that of the organic fertilization treatments. The final yield was affected by year and it is higher in control treatment with highest value 7,053.42 kg ha-1 The fertilization does not significant affect the uptake N leaves was affected by fertilization and was higher under inorganic fertilizer, ranged from 2.73 to 0.88%. The nicotine and sugar on Virginia tobacco were not significant affected by fertilization. A strong correlation was observed between yield and reducing sugars (r= 0.66). The results of the current study revealed that the organic fertilization affected certain soil characteristics and not the quality characteristics of tobacco.
In Vitro Fabrication of Microscale Secretory Granules
Authors: López‐Laguna Hèctor , Parladé Eloi , Álamo Patricia , Sánchez Julieta M. , Voltà‐Durán Eric , Serna Naroa , Sánchez‐García Laura , Cano‐Garrido Olivia , Sánchez‐Chardi Alejandro , Villaverde Antonio , Mangues Ramón , Unzueta Ugutz , Vázquez Esther 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAdvanced medical treatments involving drug delivery require fully biocompatible materials with the ability to release functional drugs in a time‐prolonged way. Ideally, the delivered molecules should be self‐contained as chemically homogenous entities to prevent the use of potentially toxic scaffolds or hold matrices. In nature, peptidic hormones are self‐stored in protein‐only secretory granules formed by the reversible coordination of Zn2+ and histidine residues. Inspired by this concept, an in vitro transversal procedure is developed, analyzed, and comparatively applied for the fabrication of protein‐only secretory granules at the microscale. These materials can be produced from any polyhistidine‐tagged protein using physiological concentrations of Zn2+ as a potent and versatile glue‐like agent. The screening of granules formed by 12 engineered and nonengineered proteins at different Zn2+ concentrations revealed optimal fabrication conditions and the consequent release profiles. Moreover, the functional and structural properties of the delivered protein are fully validated using a drug‐targeting protein platform in a mouse model of human colorectal cancer. In summary, short histidine tags allow the packaging of structurally and functionally dissimilar polypeptides, which supports the proposed fabrication method as a powerful protocol extensible to diverse clinical scenarios in which slow protein drug delivery is required.