bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ten years of Educational Robotics in a Primary School
Authors: Valzano Mariantonietta , Vergine Cinzia , Cesaretti Lorenzo , Screpanti Laura , Scaradozzi David 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMany researchers and teachers agree that the inclusion of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics in early education provides strong motivation and greatly improves the speed of learning. Most primary school curricula include a number of concepts that cover science and mathematics, but less effort is placed in teaching problem-solving, computer science, technology and robotics. The use of robotic systems and the introduction of robotics as a curriculum subject educates children in the basics of technology, and gives them additional human and organizational values. This paper presents a new program introduced in an Italian primary school, thanks to a collaboration with National Instruments and Università Politecnica delle Marche. Specifically, the project’s curricular aim was to improve logic, creativity, and the ability to focus, all of which are lacking in today’s generation of students. The subject of robotics will be part of the primary school’s curriculum for all five years. The program has delivered training to the teachers, and a complete program in which children have demonstrated great learning abilities, not only in technology, but also in collaboration and teamwork.
Arduino: From Physics to Robotics
Authors: Marzoli Irene , Rizza Nico , Saltarelli Alessandro , Sampaolesi Euro 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper discusses how a microcontroller, like Arduino, can improve laboratory practice in Italian upper secondary school and change students’ attitudes towards STEM subjects. Since 2015, we started a close and fruitful collaboration with several high school teachers in the Marche region to introduce microcontroller programming to the physics lab. Notably, the project also involved teachers of other subjects, such as computer science, and with different backgrounds, for example electronic engineering, thus showing the inherently interdisciplinary character and versatility of Arduino. Students were engaged in hands-on activities, working in small groups of four to five people, supervised by learning assistants and teachers. Arduino was used to interface with sensors, to control the experimental setup, and for data acquisition. Finally, we could also make contact with robotics, by building a simple prototype of a rover.
If We Could Start from Scratch, What Would Schools Look like in the Twenty-First Century? Rethinking Schools as a Locus for Social Change
Authors: Blikstein Paulo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractToday’s debate about education is prone to focusing on system optimization, test score improvement, and budgetary concerns. However, education is much more: it is primarily about a vision for our societies. As we think about a new vision, it has to speak to the ethos of our time. Today’s youth are heavily focused on social change, addressing global problems such as climate change, systemic racism, and economic inequality. This requires new content and pedagogies. Thus, schools should be rebuilt to support such endeavors, emphasizing ways of learning in which students have more agency and learning is more relevant. Currently, the schools where this work is possible are most typically located in affluent countries and regions. We should work to democratize the possibility of “learning how to change the world,” making public schools a viable locus for fostering social change.
Pedagogical Considerations for Technology-Enhanced Learning
Authors: Daniela Linda 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTechnology-enhanced learning is a term often used in discussions about the place and role of technology in education. Yet many gaps still need to be addressed from a pedagogical perspective to remove the veil of fascination from technology-enhanced learning and to ensure that its use is planned purposefully. Planning should take account of the intended uses of the technology, which may be multifold. This paper summarizes the pedagogical considerations for a technology-enhanced learning process. In fact it is often thought that introducing technology to the educational environment is sufficient, without specifically restructuring the pedagogical process. The paper analyzes the potential goals of using technology in the educational process. It also looks at the pedagogical factors that make technology-enhanced learning successful: learning motivation, cognitive development, cognitive load, and knowledge development in the discourse of technology-enhanced learning. The chapter is organized as follows: an introduction to the terms followed by two sections—“Technology-enhanced learning” and “Pedagogical considerations”—and a discussion.
One-loop matrix elements of effective superstring interactions: α′-expanding loop integrands
Authors: Edison Alex , Guillen Max , Johansson Henrik , Schlotterer Oliver , Teng Fei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In the low-energy effective action of string theories, non-abelian gauge interactions and supergravity are augmented by infinite towers of higher-mass-dimension operators. We propose a new method to construct one-loop matrix elements with insertions of operators D2kFn and D2kRn in the tree-level effective action of type-I and type-II superstrings. Inspired by ambitwistor string theories, our method is based on forward limits of moduli-space integrals using string tree-level amplitudes with two extra points, expanded in powers of the inverse string tension α′. Similar to one-loop ambitwistor computations, intermediate steps feature non-standard linearized Feynman propagators which eventually recombine to conventional quadratic propagators. With linearized propagators the loop integrand of the matrix elements obey one-loop versions of the monodromy and KLT relations. We express a variety of four- and five-point examples in terms of quadratic propagators and formulate a criterion on the underlying genus-one correlation functions that should make this recombination possible at all orders in α′. The ultraviolet divergences of the one-loop matrix elements are crosschecked against the non-separating degeneration of genus-one integrals in string amplitudes. Conversely, our results can be used as a constructive method to determine degenerations of elliptic multiple zeta values and modular graph forms at arbitrary weight.
Factorization of log-corrections in AdS4/CFT3 from supergravity localization
Authors: Hristov Kiril , Reys Valentin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We use the Atiyah-Singer index theorem to derive the general form of the one-loop corrections to observables in asymptotically anti-de Sitter (AdS4) supersymmetric backgrounds of abelian gauged supergravity. Using the method of supergravity localization combined with the factorization of the supergravity action on fixed points (NUTs) and fixed two-manifolds (Bolts) we show that an analogous factorization takes place for the one-loop determinants of supergravity fields. This allows us to propose a general fixed-point formula for the logarithmic corrections to a large class of supersymmetric partition functions in the large N expansion of a given 3d dual theory. The corrections are uniquely fixed by some simple topological data pertaining to a particular background in the form of its regularized Euler characteristic χ, together with a single dynamical coefficient that counts the underlying degrees of freedom of the theory.
Gravitational waves from the phase transition in the B-LSSM
Authors: Dong Xing-Xing , Feng Tai-Fu , Zhang Hai-Bin , Zhao Shu-Min , Yang Jin-Lei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Based on the gauge symmetry group SU(3)C ⨂ SU(2)L ⨂ U(1)Y ⨂ U(1)B–L, the minimal supersymmetric extension of the SM with local B-L gauge symmetry(B-LSSM) has been introduced. In this model, we study the Higgs masses with the one-loop zero temperature effective potential corrections. Besides, the finite temperature effective potentials connected with two U(1)B-L Higgs singlets are deduced specifically. Then we can obtain the gravitational wave spectrums generated from the strong first-order phase transition. In the B-LSSM, with the fine-tuned parameter regions, we can obtain the strength parameter αθ ~ 0.14 and the ratio of speed to Hubble rate β/Hn ~ 5 at nucleation temperature, and then obtain observable gravitational wave signals. The gravitational wave signals can be as strong as h2ΩGW ~ 10–9, which may be detectable in the future experiments.
Charge asymmetry in electron/positron energy loss in nuclear Bremsstrahlung
Authors: Lee Roman N. , Pikelner Andrey F. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We calculate the leading Coulomb correction to the Bremsstrahlung energy loss in the electron-nucleus collisions for arbitrary energy of the incoming particle. This correction determines the charge asymmetry, i.e., the difference of electron and positron energy loss. The result is presented in terms of the classical polylogarithms Li2 and Li3. We use modern multiloop methods based on the IBP reduction and on the differential equations for master integrals. We provide both the threshold and the high-energy asymptotics of the found asymmetry and compare them with the available results.
On the Energy Scaling Behaviour of a Singularly Perturbed Tartar Square
Authors: Rüland Angkana , Tribuzio Antonio 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this article we derive an (almost) optimal scaling law for a singular perturbation problem associated with the Tartar square. As in Winter (Eur J Appl Math 8(2):185–207, 1997), Chipot (Numer Math 83(3):325–352, 1999), our upper bound quantifies the well-known construction which is used in the literature to prove the flexibility of the Tartar square in the sense of the flexibility of approximate solutions to the differential inclusion. The main novelty of our article is the derivation of an (up to logarithmic powers matching) ansatz free lower bound which relies on a bootstrap argument in Fourier space and is related to a quantification of the interaction of a nonlinearity and a negative Sobolev space in the form of “a chain rule in a negative Sobolev space”. Both the lower and the upper bound arguments give evidence of the involved “infinite order of lamination”.
GLINT: GlucoCEST in neoplastic tumors at 3 T—clinical results of GlucoCEST in gliomas
Authors: Bender Benjamin , Herz Kai , Deshmane Anagha , Richter Vivien , Tabatabai Ghazaleh , Schittenhelm Jens , Skardelly Marco , Scheffler Klaus , Ernemann Ulrike , Kim Mina , Golay Xavier , Zaiss Moritz , Lindig Tobias 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective
Clinical relevance of dynamic glucose enhanced (DGE) chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging has mostly been demonstrated at ultra-high field (UHF) due to low effect size. Results of a cohort study at clinical field strength are shown herein.

Materials and methods
Motion and field inhomogeneity corrected T1ρ‐based DGE (DGE⍴) images were acquired before, during and after a d-glucose injection with 6.3 s temporal resolution to detect accumulation in the brain. Six glioma patients with clear blood–brain barrier (BBB) leakage, two glioma patients with suspected BBB leakage, and three glioma patients without BBB leakage were scanned at 3 T.

Results
In high-grade gliomas with BBB leakage, d-glucose uptake could be detected in the gadolinium (Gd) enhancing region as well as in the tumor necrosis with a maximum increase of ∆DGE⍴ around 0.25%, whereas unaffected white matter did not show any significant DGE⍴ increase. Glioma patients without Gd enhancement showed no detectable DGE⍴ effect within the tumor.

Conclusion
First application of DGE⍴ in a patient cohort shows an association between BBB leakage and DGE signal irrespective of the tumor grade. This indicates that glucoCEST corresponds more to the disruptions of BBB with Gd uptake than to the molecular tumor profile or tumor grading.
Joint optimisation of drone routing and battery wear for sustainable supply chain development: a mixed-integer programming model based on blockchain-enabled fleet sharing
Authors: Xia Yang , Zeng Wenjia , Xing Xinjie , Zhan Yuanzhu , Tan Kim Hua , Kumar Ajay 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAlongside the rise of ‘last-mile’ delivery in contemporary urban logistics, drones have demonstrate commercial potential, given their outstanding triple-bottom-line performance. However, as a lithium-ion battery-powered device, drones’ social and environmental merits can be overturned by battery recycling and disposal. To maintain economic performance, yet minimise environmental negatives, fleet sharing is widely applied in the transportation field, with the aim of creating synergies within industry and increasing overall fleet use. However, if a sharing platform’s transparency is doubted, the sharing ability of the platform will be discounted. Known for its transparent and secure merits, blockchain technology provides new opportunities to improve existing sharing solutions. In particular, the decentralised structure and data encryption algorithm offered by blockchain allow every participant equal access to shared resources without undermining security issues. Therefore, this study explores the implementation of a blockchain-enabled fleet sharing solution to optimise drone operations, with consideration of battery wear and disposal effects. Unlike classical vehicle routing with fleet sharing problems, this research is more challenging, with multiple objectives (i.e., shortest path and fewest charging times), and considers different levels of sharing abilities. In this study, we propose a mixed-integer programming model to formulate the intended problem and solve the problem with a tailored branch-and-price algorithm. Through extensive experiments, the computational performance of our proposed solution is first articulated, and then the effectiveness of using blockchain to improve overall optimisation is reflected, and a series of critical influential factors with managerial significance are demonstrated.
Partnership Context of First Births in Russia: The Enduring Significance of Marriage
Authors: Andreev Evgeny M. , Churilova Elena , Jasilioniene Aiva 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWhile cohabitation and non-marital childbearing have been increasing in Russia since 1990, the share of marital first births that are conceived prior to marriage has changed very little since the Soviet era. The prior findings on the stability of trends in premarital conceptions in Russia have been contradictory and inconclusive. This study aims to extend the existing empirical evidence on premarital conceptions in Russia and to contribute to the discussion on the persistence of marriage as the preferred partnership context for parenthood. We focus on births that occurred within the first two years of marriage, and compare the childbearing patterns of Russian women who married in different historical periods. For our investigation of fertility among marital cohorts who married during the Soviet era (1960–1991), we use individual-level data from the 1994 microcensus. For our examination of fertility among more recent marital cohorts (2000, 2011, and 2016), we draw on data from birth records in civil registers. We also use relevant complementary data sources. Our findings show that there has been a marked shift in the relationship between conception and marriage in Russia. Increasingly, conceptions have been occurring before marriage, and in the most recent marital cohorts, the level of premarital first conceptions has even surpassed the level of marital first conceptions. The average interval between conception and entry into marriage has also been lengthening. We describe this unique pattern of childbearing and discuss some potential explanations for the ongoing association between marriage and childbearing in Russia.
Zum Umgang mit Tatsachen im Strafverfahren
Authors: Brettel Hauke 
Published: December 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Aufklärung und Verwertung von Tatsachen hat im Strafverfahren mit Rücksicht auf höher bewertete Interessen Grenzen. Deshalb unterscheidet sich die Tatsachengrundlage von strafrechtlichen Entscheidungen z. T. von dem, was außerhalb eines Strafverfahrens als „Wahrheit“ gilt. Dies stellt bei der Begutachtung vor Herausforderungen, etwa wenn auf rechtskräftige Feststellungen Rücksicht zu nehmen ist, die zum Begutachtungszeitpunkt überholt erscheinen. Auch stehen Einschränkungen bei der prozessualen Tatsachenerforschung in einem Spannungsverhältnis dazu, dass strafrechtliche Entscheidungen mit den objektiven Gegebenheiten möglichst übereinstimmen sollen.
Comparison of Resected Malignant Tumors of the Right- and Left-Sided Colon—Is There a Difference?
Authors: Biró Adrienn , Ternyik László , Somodi Krisztián , Dawson Anna , Csulak Eszter , Tóth Dezső , Moizs Mariann , Káposztás Zsolt 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEmbryological, anatomical, and immunological differences between the right-sided and left-sided colons are well known, but the difference in oncological behavior of colon tumors has only recently become the main subject of studies. Published articles propose that there is a difference not only in symptoms, but also in survival. Our aim was to analyze the clinicopathological and oncological differences among our patients who had been operated for colon cancer in our department. We examined the historical data of our patients who underwent colon resection for malignancy between 1st of January 2016 and 31st of December 2018. Tumor markers, histological results, postoperative complications, and oncological therapies were investigated. The primary outcome was overall survival. We analyzed our patients’ survival data with Kaplan–Meier log-rank test and Cox regression analysis. In our study, 267 patients were enrolled. One hundred thirty-three (49.8%) patients had right-sided colon cancer; 134 (50.2%) patients had left-sided colon cancer. Patients with right-sided colon cancer were significantly more likely to have mucinous adenocarcinoma (p = 0.037). No significant differences were revealed in overall survival between right-sided colon cancer and left-sided colon cancer patients (p = 0.381). Additional subgroup analysis showed that there were no significant differences in overall survival for laterality neither in the metastatic group (p = 0.824) nor in the non-metastatic group (p = 0.345). Based on the conflicting previous study results, our findings repeatedly highlight that the relationship between tumor location in the colon and overall survival is not straightforward.
Room for Improvement: A 20-Year Single Center Experience with Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation for Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Authors: Duda Katarzyna , Wieczorkiewicz-Kabut Agata , Spałek Adrianna , Koclęga Anna , Kopińska Anna J. , Woźniczka Krzysztof , Helbig Grzegorz 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAllogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) remains the only curative therapeutic approach for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy/safety of allo-SCT as well as to identify factors influencing post-transplant survival. One hundred and two MDS patients (median age: 48 years; 57 males) who underwent allo-SCT were retrospectively evaluated. Twenty seven patients were transplanted from HLA-matched sibling and 75 patients received grafts from unrelated donors. Peripheral blood was a source of stem cell for 79 patients. Reduced intensity conditioning was used in 64 subjects. Acute and chronic graft versus host disease (GvHD) developed in 61 and 19 of patients, respectively. In total, 61 patients have died. The causes of deaths included infectious complications (n = 30), steroid-resistant GvHD (n = 17), MDS relapse (n = 9) and transformation to AML (n = 5). Non-relapse mortality and cumulative incidence of relapse at 2 years were 49.8% and 9%, respectively. 41 patients are alive at last contact and present full donor chimerism. 38 patients remain in complete hematological remission (CHR), 3 patients had CHR with incomplete platelet recovery. Median follow-up from diagnosis of MDS and transplantation are 27.1 months and 7 months respectively. Overall survival and relapse-free survival were 41% at 2 years. Increased serum ferritin level > 1000 ng/ml, presence of acute GvHD, grades III–IV acute GvHD and high hematopoietic cell transplantation-comorbidity index were found to negatively influenced survival. Allo-SCT for MDS is feasible procedure with a proportion of patients to be cured.
Identification of critical watershed at risk of soil erosion using morphometric and geographic information system analysis
Authors: Benzougagh Brahim , Meshram Sarita Gajbhiye , Dridri Abdallah , Boudad Larbi , Baamar Brahim , Sadkaoui Driss , Khedher Khaled Mohamed 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMorphometric analysis is a pertinent scientific approach in any hydrological analysis, and it is necessary in the progress and management of drainage basin. Identification of areas at risk of erosion, and the prioritization of 48 sub-watersheds of Inaouene basin, was done by using linear, relief and areal aspects of watershed. The research carried out the use of geographic information system spatial data. The linear aspects include stream number, stream sequence, stream length, and bifurcation ratio, mean length of stream order, stream length ratio, mean stream length ratio, and form factor. The areal aspect includes frequency of stream, drainage density, texture ratio, channel length constant, and overland flow maintenance length. Ultimately, the relief dimensions included relief proportion, relief and ruggedness number. The array of compound (Cp) values computed allow us to set the priority ranks and classify the sub-watershed into three priority ranks groups: low, moderate, and high priority. Such morphometric analyses can be used therefore as a watershed erosion status estimator to prioritize land and water conservation initiatives and natural resources management.
The optimization and economic evaluation of oil production using low salinity polymer flood: a case study for EOR 26
Authors: Flatts Marvin , Alexander David , Maharaj Rean 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTrinidad and Tobago (TT) have been producing crude oil commercially since 1908. For the past few decades, TT’s crude oil production has been in steady decline because most of the oil reservoirs are beyond the primary phase of their production. This situation coupled with lower energy prices have resulted in a shortfall in TT’s energy revenues and presents TT with major economic challenges. The objective of this study was to optimize a field simulation model of a combined Low Salinity Polymer Gel flood to highlight the possibility that Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) can boost crude oil production especially from heavy oil reserves and mature fields. A field simulation model of the EOR 26 Upper Forest Sands was built using the CMG Builder software. The EOR 26 Upper Forest Sand reservoirs of the Forest Reserve field are delineated by shale-outs, faults and water–oil contacts. The entire Forest Reserve is bordered by the Fyzabad anticline to its north-west and the Los Bajos fault to its south-west. A dynamic field simulation model of the combined Low Salinity Polymer Gel flooding of EOR 26 Upper Forest Sands was created using CMG STARS software and the optimum parameters of polymer gel concentration, salinity concentration and injection rates and pressure for the highest oil recovery were investigated. The highest oil recovery was obtained using a polymer gel concentration of 500 ppm with a salinity of 1000 ppm and an injection rate of 900 bbls/day during continuous polymer gel injection for a period of 545 days. The polymer gel injection was preceded by pre flush water injection for 180 days and followed by water injection for the duration of the ten (10) year period. The predicted oil recovery for the project is an additional 14.52% of OOIP and is considered economically feasible at a crude oil price of US$50 per barrel with a payback period of two years and an IRR of 63.53%.