bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Superinfections in critically ill COVID-19 patients - an association with Dexamethasone?
Authors: Sovik Signe , Barrat-Due Andreas , Kasine Trine , Olasveengen Theresa , Strand Marianne Wigernes , Tveita Anders Aune , Berdal Jan Erik , Lehre Martin Andreas , Lorentsen Torleif , Heggelund Lars , Stenstad Tore , Ringstad Jetmund , Müller Fredrik , Aukrust Pål , Holter Jan Cato , Nordoy Ingvild 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BacgroundSuper-infections in COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) on mechanical ventilation were initially reported to be rare. Little is known of their incidence after dexamethasone was introduced as standard care. We aimed to determine the incidence and characteristics of superinfections in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients during the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, and explore the possible impact of the introduction of dexamethasone as standard therapy. MethodsIn this national, multi-center, observational, retrospective study we included patients ≥ 18 years admitted from March 1 st 2020 to January 31 st 2021 with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed SARSCoV-2 infection treated with invasive mechanical ventilation. Data was collected from electronic health records. Patient characteristics, clinical findings, microbiology, length of stay and 90-day survival were examined with backwards stepwise multiple regression. Results155 patients (115 men, mean age 62 years, range 26-84 years) were included. 73 patients (47%) had a total of 101 superinfections where pneumonia dominated (70%). Superinfections were more commonly observed in patients receiving dexamethasone (67% vs 30%, p<0.0001), and in patients with pre-existing autoimmune disease (18% vs 5%, p<0.01). Invasive fungal infections were reported exclusively in dexamethasone-treated patients [9/72 (13%) vs 0/83 (0%), p<0.0001]. There was no difference in 90-day survival between patients with and patients without superinfections (64% versus 73%, p=0.238). In multiple regression analysis, superinfection was associated with dexamethasone use [OR 5.35 (2.62–11.35), p<0.001], pre-existing autoimmune disease [OR 4.90 (1.50–19.4), p=0.008] and higher lymphocyte count at the time of admission [OR 2.31 (1.23–4.86), p=0.009]. ConclusionIn critically ill COVID-19 patients receiving invasive ventilation, introduction of dexamethasone as standard of care was strongly and independently associated with superinfections. A focus on this complication is warranted when studying alternative anti-inflammatory therapy.
Study on Reinforced Modification of Polylactic Acid by New Hyperbranched Polyamide
Authors: Sun Jianjian , Huang Yansong , Jin Yu juan , Wang Lu , Tian Huafeng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In order to achieve enhanced physical performance of polylactic acid (PLA), the hyperbranched polyamide (HBPA) was synthesized by "one-step" as raw materials, and added as a modifier to the PLA matrix. The HBPA/PLA blend was prepared through the twin screw extrusion process and the injection molding process. The results showed that, compared with pure PLA, the tensile strength of HBPA/PLA blends increased by 41.8% while the elongation at break and the impact strength basically unchanged. The addition of HBPA does not affect the glass transition temperature (Tg) and crystallization of PLA significantly, but can improve the thermal deformation temperature of PLA. HBPA acted as a nucleant for PLA during iso-temperature crystallization. HBPA could form hydrogen bonds and chemical crosslinks with PLA, thus exhibits excellent reinforcing effect for PLA.
Usefulness of patency capsule prior to small-bowel capsule endoscopy in clinical practice: Validity of the modified method of patency judgement
Authors: Miyazu Takahiro , Osawa Satoshi , Tamura Satoshi , Tani Shinya , Ishida Natsuki , Matsuura Tomoharu , Yamade Mihoko , Iwaizumi Moriya , Hamaya Yasushi , Furuta Takahisa , Sugimoto Ken 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In 2012, Japan approved the use of a tag-less patency capsule (PC), which evaluates gastrointestinal patency before small-bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE). This study aimed to evaluate the validity of our modification on the passage criteria for this PC in clinical practice. We retrospectively enrolled 326 consecutive patients who underwent PC examination before SBCE. If X-ray could not reveal the PC in the body during the judgement time (30–33 h after ingestion), we defined it as ‘estimated patency’ and performed SBCE. We employed plain computed tomography (CT) for the second judgement, as needed. The overall patency rate was 95.1%. By X-ray, 41 (12.6%) patients were judged to have ‘estimated patency’, and SBCE could be safely performed. Plain CT judgement was necessary in 32.5%. One PC case had a residual coating film associated with stenosis in a patient with Crohn’s disease (CD), and one (0.3%) SBCE case had capsule retention resulting from false CT judgement. Multivariate analysis revealed that established CD and inpatient were factors related to patency loss. In conclusion, PC is useful for examining gastrointestinal patency, keeping in mind CT misjudgement. If PC was not found in the body via X-ray, performing SBCE as ‘estimated patency’ seemed appropriate.
Kinetics of diatrizoate degradation by ozone and the formation of disinfection by-products in the sequential chlorination
Authors: Hu Chen-Yan , Ren Si-Cheng , Lin Yi-Li , Zhang Ji-Chen , Zhu Ye-Ye , Xiong Cun , Wang Qiang-Bin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this study, we studied the degradation kinetics of a common iodine contrast agent, diatrizoate, by ozone and the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in the sequential chlorination. Effects of ozone concentration, solution pH, and bromide concentration on diatrizoate degradation were evaluated. The results indicate that diatrizoate can be effectively degraded (over 80% within 1 h) by ozone, and the degradation kinetics can be well described using the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The pseudo-first-order rate constant (kobs) of diatrizoate degradation significantly increased with increasing ozone concentration and decreasing bromide concentration. The kobs kept increasing with the increase of pH value and reached a maximum of 6.5 (±0.05) × 10−2 min−1 at pH 9. As the ozone concentration gradually increased from 0.342 to 1.316 mg/L, the corresponding kobs of diatrizoate degradation increased from 1.76 (±0.20) × 10−3 to 4.22 (±0.3) × 10−2 min−1. The bromide concentration exhibited a strong inhibitory effect on diatrizoate degradation because of the competition for ozone with diatrizoate. Trichloromethane was the only detected DBP in the subsequent chlorination in the absence of bromide. However, in the presence of bromide, six other DBPs were detected, and bromochloroiodomethane and tribromomethane became the major products with concentrations 1–2 orders higher than those of the other DBPs. In order to provide safe drinking water to the public, water should be maintained at circumneutral pH values and low bromine concentrations (&lt;5 μM) before reaching the chlorine disinfection process to effectively control the formation of DBPs.
Recent Advances in Robot Trajectory Planning in a Dynamic Environment
Authors: Zhang Hongxin , Shu Rongzijun , Li Guangsen 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Trajectory planning is important to research in robotics. As the
application environment changes rapidly, robot trajectory planning in a static environment can no
longer meet actual needs. Therefore, a lot of research has turned to robot trajectory planning in a
dynamic environment.

Objective:
This paper aims at providing references for researchers from related fields by
reviewing recent advances in robot trajectory planning in a dynamic environment.

Methods:
This paper reviews the latest patents and current representative articles related to robot
trajectory planning in a dynamic environment and introduces some key methods of references
from the aspects of algorithm, innovation and principle.

Results:
In this paper, we classified the researches related to robot trajectory planning in a
dynamic environment in the last 10 years, introduced and analyzed the advantages of different
algorithms in these patents and articles, and the future developments and potential problems in
this field are discussed.

Conclusion:
Trajectory planning in a dynamic environment can help robots to accomplish tasks
in a complex environment, improving robots’ intelligence, work efficiency and adaptability to
the environment. Current research focuses on dynamic obstacle avoidance, parameter
optimization, real-time planning, and efficient work, which can be used to solve robot trajectory
planning in a dynamic environment. In terms of the combination of multiple algorithms, multisensor
information fusion, the combination of local planning and global planning, and multirobot
and multi-task collaboration, more improvements and innovations are needed. It should
create more patents on robot trajectory planning in a dynamic environment.
Pola Pemanfaatan Aplikasi Media Belajar dan Kualitas Interaksi Pembelajaran Online Mahasiswa Institut Agama Kristen Negeri Tarutung
Authors: Panggabean Erika Christine , Hadiyanto Soemedi 
Published: September 2021

Kualitas dan efektifitas pembelajaran online di era pandemi Covid-19 tergantung pada pemanfaatan aplikasi media belajar dan kualitas interaksi pembelajaran online. Metode penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif. Populasi 2.334 mahasiswa dan sampel 440 mahasiswa. Alat pengumpulan data adalah daftar pertanyaan, pengumpulan data bulan November-Desember 2020. Analisis data meliputi perhitungan rerata, persentase, penyajian grafik dan tabel dengan SPSS versi 25.0 for windows. Hasil; pola penggunaan handphone/smartphone sebagai perangkat media belajar online dominan dan sebaliknya penggunaan laptop/komputer rendah dan pembelajaran online dilakukan dari rumah sendiri/orangtua. Penggunaan zoom meeting belum familiar oleh mahasiswa dibandingkan aplikasi whatsapp group. Persepsi mahasiswa terhadap kualitas kuliah/belajar online baik (78,18%), hal ini disebabkan karena interaksi antar pengajar-mahasiswa dan pemahaman dalam pembelajaran/ perkuliahan online baik. Tetapi sebaliknya persepsi mahasiswa terhadap kemudahan dan kesan belajar/kuliah online cukup rendah sebab pola pelaksanaan masih dominan dilakukan dengan cara tunggal yaitu hanya melakukan penjelasan online langsung atau berdiskusi pada forum/chat group atau memberikan tugas baca atau memberikan referensi video.
Analisis Kuadran Pengaruh Produk Domestik Regional Bruto Kabupaten/Kota Terhadap Pendaftar Jamaah Haji Sebelum dan Selama Pandemi Covid-19 Di Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah
Authors: Hadi M. Faishal , Hadiyanto Soemedi 
Published: September 2021

PSBB untuk mengantisipasi penyebaran virus Covid-19 menyebabkan laju pertumbuhan ekonomi melambat dan berakibat pada penurunan PDRB dan pendaftaran jamaah haji. Penelitian bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh PDRB kabupaten/kota terhadap pendaftar jamaah haji sebelum dan selama Pandemi Covid-19 di Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah. Metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan analisis korelasional. Variabel adalah PDRB atas harga berlaku dan jumlah pendaftar jamaah haji dari kabupaten/kota tahun 2017-2020. Pengujian statistik menggunakan Microsoft excel untuk analisis rasio, korelasi, regresi linear sederhana serta analisis kuadran. Hasil; pandemi Covid-19 telah menurunkan jumlah pendaftar jamaah haji sebesar -33,52%. Peningkatan PDRB di setiap kabupaten/kota cenderung meningkatkan jumlah pendaftar jamaah haji sebelum maupun selama Pandemi di tahun 2017-2019 dan 2020. PDRB telah mempengaruhi banyaknya pendaftar jamaah haji di tahun 2017 sebesar 86,83%, tahun 2018 sebesar 84,25%, tahun 2019 sebesar 87,00% dan tahun 2020 sebesar 79,75%. Jumlah pendaftar jamaah haji tinggi (sebelum dan sesudah pandemi Covid-19) di Kabupaten Kotawaringin Timur, Kota Waringin Barat, Kota Palangka Raya dan Kapuas sangat terpengaruh PDRB kabupaten/kota yang tinggi (kuadran 4), dan patut dijadikan sebagai best practice bagi kabupaten/kota lainnya.
Pelaksanaan Eksekusi Pembayaran Uang Pengganti Terhadap Putusan Pengadilan Dalam Perkara Tindak Pidana Korupsi Pada Kejaksaan Negeri Kuala Tungkal
Authors: Nawawi Kabib , Najemi Andi 
Published: September 2021

Dasar pemikiran penelitian ini adalah bahwa pidana tambahan uang pengganti dalam tindak pidana korupsi acapkali merupakan problematik yang secara faktual mempunyai daya tarik tersendiri, mengingat sulitnya untuk menarik kembali kerugian Negara sebagai akibat dari tindak pidana korupsi terhadap pelaksanaan eksekusi pembayaran uang pengganti terhadap keputusan hakim yang telah mempunyai kekuatan hukum tetap sebagaimana yang ditentukan di dalam Undang-undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1999 jo. Undang-undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2001 Jo Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 5 Tahun 2014 tentang Pidana Tambahan Uang Pengganti Tindak Pidana korupsi. Tipe penelitian ini adalah penelitian Yuridis Empiris. Penggunaan Tipe/pendekatan penelitian ini dimaksud untuk memperoleh gambaran satu masalah yaitu peranan kejaksaan sebagai eksekutor dalam upaya pengembalian kerugian negara melalui penarikan uang pengganti atas dasar putusan pengadilan terhadap perkara tindak pidana korupsi yang telah mempunyai kekuatan hukum tetap. Spesifikasi penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum deskriptif guna memperoleh gambaran satu masalah yaitu pelaksanaan eksekusi pembayaran uang pengganti oleh Kejaksaan Negeri Kuala Tungkal terhadap putusan pengadilan yang telah mempunyai kekuatan hukum tetap, sebagai upaya pengembalian kerugian Negara, disamping itu dilakukan wawancara dengan pihak dari Kejaksaan untuk menjawab tentang pelaksanaan eksekusi tersebut. Pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder Teknik penentuan sampel penelitian dengan metode non random purposive sampling (sampel bertujuan) dengan menetapkan langsung para responden penelitian yaitu: Kasi Pidsus pada Kejaksaan Negeri Kuala Tungkal. Adapun hasil penelitian adalah bahwa pelaksanaan eksekusi pembayaran sanksi pidana pembayaran uang pengganti belum terlaksana dengan baik, hal ini terjadi karena sulitnya mengidentifikasi barang yang mau disita untuk di lelang yang mekanismenyapun tidak mudah.
Word and Digit
Authors: Polyakov Yuri M. 
Published: September 2021

The author analyzes the negative processes in modern Russian culture including the degradation of the Russian language use in literature, society and mass media; general substitution of Russian terms for borrowed foreign analogues; low artistic level of local television serials; openly pro-Western character of entertainment TV shows. Still these processes have a deeper layer: actual denial of the art educational and instructive role in Russia, including literature, theatre and cinema; the loss of the tradition that envisaged artistic research of social and moral state of the society. Against this background the author studies the dual-community factor of modern Russian literature: “pochvenicheskiy” and “intertextual”. The first interprets literature as part of the national life, when the last defines it as strictly personal issue. The isolation of two communities from each other, the state self-barring from the support of the most important from the point of view of self-identity issues, senses and directions in modern Russian literature, in particular, and in culture and art, in general, lead Russian literature (philology) in the direction of Russophobia commercial exploitation. An important part here is played by the degradation of the institutes of the literary community inner expertise, and in particular – the lowering of the level and quality of literary critic.
Message from ACHSM President - Dr Neale Fong
Authors: Fong Neale 
Published: September 2021

I trust that you are well and as a leader or manager in the health sector wherever you are, you have taken time to ensure your own health and wellbeing in these extraordinary times. There is no more important time than now to ensure that you have the resilience and reserves to travel through these uncertainties.
In the last issue this column focussed on the ACHSM’s Certification Program and the importance of a credential for health leaders and executives. As I noted then, certification in a profession is an employment currency within the health sector that has traditionally excluded the leaders and managers. Through the introduction of these credentials, the College supports members and future members to have their body of knowledge and skills recognised and provides the platform for continuing development.
Today let me focus on the importance of lifelong learning and intentionally managing a career that hopefully will span decades, providing you with personal satisfaction and success. Committing to lifelong learning, as we mandate within Certification, is a commitment to your own development, and your own sense of staying curious and active within the profession.
A quiet and consistent focus on staying current is at the foundation of confident and competent leadership and ACHSM sees this as being at the heart of our offerings to College members.
Predicting Electronic Cigarette Use Among Adults in the Philippines
Authors: Aljaberi Fahad Khamis , Yao.jr. Johnny J 
Published: September 2021

Background: The Philippines has one of the highest cigarette smoking rates in Southeast Asia. Tobacco prevention and control efforts should not be a one-size-fits-all approach. One of the most recent and highly marketed way of cutting down smoking is the use of E-cigarettes. But its use may also have potential harmful effects which would be similar to cigarette smoking.
Purpose: This study aimed to determine the factors predicting electronic cigarette use among adults in a large metropolitan area in the Philippines.
Methods:The study used a descriptive-correlational multivariate research design. Adults who are at least 18 years of age, who are electronic cigarettes users, dual users (electronic cigarette and cigarette users), and non-smokers were chosen for this study. The researchers utilized a researcher- made questionnaire based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in gathering the data.
Results: Multiple regression analysis suggests that positive attitude and high perceived behavioral control significantly predict intent to use electronic cigarettes. Moreover, intent to use is a significant predictor of actual e-cigarette use.
Conclusion: People who have positive attitudes and high perceived behavioral control towards e-cigarette use are most likely to have higher intent to use e-cigarettes. Further, people who have high intent to use e-cigarettes will most likely use e-cigarettes. With reverence to the findings of this study, health managers and professionals should look into how e-cigarettes are being marketed to the public which may shape their attitude and behavior. Lastly, further studies should be conducted on other variables that may predict electronic cigarette use and measure health outcomes.
Concepciones sobre ser músicx y ser músicx profesional de lxs aspirantes a las carreras de Música de la FDA-UNLP
Authors: Pissinis Juan Félix , Peluffo Santiago , Martínez Isabel Cecilia 
Published: September 2021

Las condiciones de ingreso irrestricto que presentan las carreras de Música de la Facultad de Artes de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata (FDA-UNLP), han propiciado un aumento progresivo del número de estudiantes ingresantes en los últimos años, con las complejidades que conlleva la realización de prácticas de enseñanza-aprendizaje en condiciones de masividad. Es por ello que resulta de interés indagar en el estado actual de lxs aspirantes a ingresantes, con el fin de ampliar la base de información sobre la que se sustentan dichas prácticas.
En esta dirección, realizamos un estudio de carácter exploratorio que consistió en una serie de entrevistas semi-estructuradas a aspirantes a las carreras al momento de inscripción a las mismas, cuyo guión temático abordó diversos aspectos que tienen que ver con la experiencia musical previa de lxs ingresantes, sus concepciones en torno al ser músicx y sus expectativas en vinculación con la carrera en que se inscribieron.
En este trabajo presentamos resultados acerca de las dimensiones sobre las cuales lxs aspirantes a las carreras de Música modelan sus concepciones acerca de ser músicx y ser músicx profesional, dimensiones que abarcan aspectos diversos y a veces son valoradas de maneras contrastantes por lxs participantes.
Intersecciones críticas de lo queer con la ecología y la religión. Lectura crítica de Bauman, W. A. (Ed.) (2018). Meaningful Flesh: Reflections on Religion and Nature for a Queer Planet. Goleta, California: Punctum Books
Authors: Ibarra Cordero Andrés 
Published: September 2021

Revisión del libro Meaningful Flesh: Reflections on Religion and Nature for a Queer Planet por W. A. Bauman
The Effects of Mobile Thermal Power Plants on Air Quality in Turkey
Authors: Akdemir Andaç , Ergun Osman Nuri 
Published: September 2021

In this study, daily averages of air quality parameters were measured in two stations (S1 and S2) of the Organized Industrial District in Samsun. The meteorological variables were measured at only one station (S1), such as temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, solar radiation, and ambient pressure in 2007, the daily promised limit for nitrogen dioxide has been especially exceeded at 206 times for 1 st station. However, exceeds of the limit value in 2006 for 1 st station was reduced by approximately 3.5 times. The daily nitrogen dioxide concentration did not exceed the daily limit of WHO as for 2 st station. The results can be obtained showed that the dominant wind direction is considered dominant wind direction in the entire region. It has been determined that the second station measurement results are higher than the first station measurement. To determine all of possible the environmental effects, the measurements should be analyzed at a lot of multi-point.
Evaluation of Soft Tissue Regenerative Processes After Subcutaneous Implantation of Silver/ Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) and Novel Silver/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/Graphene Hydrogels in an Animal Model
Authors: Lužajić Božinovski Tijana , Todorović Vera , Milošević Ivan , Gajdov Vladimir , Prokić Bogomir Bolka , Nešović Katarina , Mišković-Stanković Vesna , Marković Danica 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A newly produced biomaterial is necessarily subject of standards, which are performed in vivo on animal models. For the evaluation of soft tissue regenerative possibilities after subcutaneous implantation of biomaterials – silver/poly(vinyl alcohol) (Ag/PVA) and novel silver/poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene (Ag/PVA/Gr) provided for clinical use, sixteen rats were used, according to the instructions of international standards, ISO 10993-6, 2007. Histological sections were observed 7, 15, 30 and 60 days after grafting. These hydrogels were produced by in situ electrochemical synthesis of silver nanoparticles in the polymer matrices, which enabled obtaining completely safe and biocompatible materials, free from any additional toxic chemical reducing agents. Surgical implantation of hydrogels was done according to the permission of the Ethical Committee of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade. Immunohistochemical (IHC) studies included the assessment of smooth muscle expression actin in blood vessels (α-SMA), the expression of laminin and type I and type III collagen in the skin structures, and, the determination of cell proliferation marker expression (Ki-67) keratinocytes. The results were assessed in a semiquantitative manner. The data were analyzed in the statistical software package IBM SPSS 20. The conclusions indicated that Ag/PVA/Gr might be used as wound dressings to enhance the tissue healing potential and established faster integration and shorter retention in the tissue.