bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases Expert Panel Consensus Statement: Vaccines to Prevent Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection in Patients With Liver Disease
Authors: Fix Oren K. , Blumberg Emily A. , Chang Kyong‐Mi , Chu Jaime , Chung Raymond T. , Goacher Elizabeth K. , Hameed Bilal , Kaul Daniel R. , Kulik Laura M. , Kwok Ryan M. , McGuire Brendan M. , Mulligan David C. , Price Jennifer C. , Reau Nancy S. , Reddy K. Rajender , Reynolds Andrew , Rosen Hugo R. , Russo Mark W. , Schilsky Michael L. , Verna Elizabeth C. , Ward John W. , Fontana Robert J. ,   for the AASLD COVID‐19 Vaccine Working Group
Published: February 2021

The aim of this document is to provide a concise scientific review of the currently available COVID‐19 vaccines and those in development, including mRNA, adenoviral vectors, and recombinant protein approaches. The anticipated use of COVID‐19 vaccines in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) and liver transplant (LT) recipients is reviewed and practical guidance is provided for health care providers involved in the care of patients with liver disease and LT about vaccine prioritization and administration. The Pfizer and Moderna mRNA COVID‐19 vaccines are associated with a 94%‐95% vaccine efficacy compared to placebo against COVID‐19. Local site reactions of pain and tenderness were reported in 70%‐90% of clinical trial participants, and systemic reactions of fever and fatigue were reported in 40%‐70% of participants, but these reactions were generally mild and self‐limited and occurred more frequently in younger persons. Severe hypersensitivity reactions related to the mRNA COVID‐19 vaccines are rare and more commonly observed in women and persons with a history of previous drug reactions for unclear reasons. Because patients with advanced liver disease and immunosuppressed patients were excluded from the vaccine licensing trials, additional data regarding the safety and efficacy of COVID‐19 vaccines are eagerly awaited in these and other subgroups. Remarkably safe and highly effective mRNA COVID‐19 vaccines are now available for widespread use and should be given to all adult patients with CLD and LT recipients. The online companion document located at https://www.aasld.org/about‐aasld/covid‐19‐resources will be updated as additional data become available regarding the safety and efficacy of other COVID‐19 vaccines in development.
Usability heuristics for the set‐top box and TV interfaces
Authors: Kaya Aycan , Gumussoy Cigdem A. , Ekmen Beste , Bayraktaroglu Ayse E. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSet‐top box (STB) is a special interface device that is connected to a TV and allows digital content to be received, decoded, and displayed on the TV. The new features added to STB&TVs increase the complexity of the systems and lead to usability problems. This study proposes a set of usability heuristics and their corresponding criteria specific to STB&TV interfaces that usability experts may use during the design and evaluation process. In this study, a total of 493 usability problems were collected from three sources: problems identified by software developers during the design and development phase, problems identified by three experts with cognitive walkthrough approach, and problems collected from customer complaints made to the service or call center. Then, each heuristics' checklist item was rated by the experts for how well they explain the usability problems, and the severity levels of the usability problems were determined. In the next step, through correspondence and cluster analyses, heuristics and the checklists were listed in descending order of severity. Furthermore, the proposed heuristic list was validated with three methods—user testing, expert judgment, and heuristic evaluation. As a result of this study, 16 usability heuristics were identified. Five of these heuristics—Visibility of system status (H4), Pleasurable and respectful interaction with the user (H13), Privacy (H14), Parental control (H15), and Easy access (H16) are related to catastrophic usability problems.
Real‐life experience with the combination of polatuzumab vedotin, rituximab, and bendamustine in aggressive B‐cell lymphomas
Authors: Dimou Maria , Papageorgiou Sotirios G. , Stavroyianni Niki , Katodritou Eirini , Tsirogianni Maria , Kalpadakis Christina , Banti Anastasia , Arapaki Maria , Iliakis Theodoros , Bouzani Maria , Verrou Eugenia , Spanoudakis Emmanouil , Giannouli Stavroula , Marinakis Theodoros , Mandala Evdokia , Mparmparousi Despoina , Sachanas Sotirios , Dalekou‐Tsolakou Maria , Hatzimichael Eleftheria , Vadikolia Chryssa , Violaki Vasiliki , Poziopoulos Christos , Tsirkinidis Pantelis , Chatzileontiadou Sofia , Vervessou Elissavet , Ximeri Maria , Sioni Anastasia , Konstantinidou Pavlina , Kyrtsonis Marie‐Christine , Siakantaris Marina P. , Angelopoulou Maria K. , Pappa Vassiliki , Konstantopoulos Kostas , Panayiotidis Panayiotis , Vassilakopoulos Theodoros P. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTransplant‐ineligible relapsed/refractory (rr) diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients represent an unmet medical need. Polatuzumab vedotin (Pola), an anti‐CD79b antibody‐drug‐conjugate (ADG), with bendamustine‐ rituximab(BR) has recently gained approval for these patients, both in the USA and Europe, based on the GO29365 phase IIb trial. Real‐life data with Pola are extremely limited. We report the outcomes of 61 Greek patients, who received Pola‐(B)R mainly within a compassionate use program. Treatment was given for up to six 21‐day cycles. Bendamustine was omitted in three cases due to previous short‐lived responses. Fourty‐nine rrDLBCL(efficacy cohort‐EC) and 58 rr aggressive B‐NHL (safety cohort‐SC) patients received at least 1 Pola‐BR cycle. Twenty‐one (43%) patients of the EC responded with 12/49 (25%) CR and 9/49 (18%) PR as best response. Median progression–free survival, overall survival and duration of response were 4.0, 8.5, and 8.5 months respectively, while 55% of patients experienced a grade ≥3 adverse event, mainly hematologic. Treatment discontinuations and death during treatment were mainly due to disease progression. Twenty‐two (41%) patients received further treatment; 11/22 are still alive, including one after CAR‐T cells, and two after stem cell transplantation. Our data confirm that Pola‐BR is a promising treatment for rrDLBCL patients, inducing an adequate response rate with acceptable toxicity. Pola‐BR could be used as bridging therapy before further consolidative treatments.
Scientists' warning on extreme wildfire risks to water supply
Authors: Robinne François‐Nicolas , Hallema Dennis W. , Bladon Kevin D. , Flannigan Mike D. , Boisramé Gabrielle , Bréthaut Christian M. , Doerr Stefan H. , Di Baldassarre Giuliano , Gallagher Louise A. , Hohner Amanda K. , Khan Stuart J. , Kinoshita Alicia M. , Mordecai Rua , Nunes João Pedro , Nyman Petter , Santín Cristina , Sheridan Gary , Stoof Cathelijne R. , Thompson Matthew P. , Waddington James M. , Wei Yu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract2020 is the year of wildfire records. California experienced its three largest fires early in its fire season. The Pantanal, the largest wetland on the planet, burned over 20% of its surface. More than 18 million hectares of forest and bushland burned during the 2019–2020 fire season in Australia, killing 33 people, destroying nearly 2500 homes, and endangering many endemic species. The direct cost of damages is being counted in dozens of billion dollars, but the indirect costs on water‐related ecosystem services and benefits could be equally expensive, with impacts lasting for decades. In Australia, the extreme precipitation (“200 mm day −1 in several location”) that interrupted the catastrophic wildfire season triggered a series of watershed effects from headwaters to areas downstream. The increased runoff and erosion from burned areas disrupted water supplies in several locations. These post‐fire watershed hazards via source water contamination, flash floods, and mudslides can represent substantial, systemic long‐term risks to drinking water production, aquatic life, and socio‐economic activity. Scenarios similar to the recent event in Australia are now predicted to unfold in the Western USA. This is a new reality that societies will have to live with as uncharted fire activity, water crises, and widespread human footprint collide all‐around of the world. Therefore, we advocate for a more proactive approach to wildfire‐watershed risk governance in an effort to advance and protect water security. We also argue that there is no easy solution to reducing this risk and that investments in both green (i.e., natural) and grey (i.e., built) infrastructure will be necessary. Further, we propose strategies to combine modern data analytics with existing tools for use by water and land managers worldwide to leverage several decades worth of data and knowledge on post‐fire hydrology.
Observing the critical zone on a critical budget: The Peri Lake experimental catchment
Authors: Chaffe Pedro Luiz Borges , Innocente dos Santos Camyla , Perez Alondra Beatriz Alvarez , Sá João Henrique Macedo , Carlotto Tomas , Hoinaski Leonardo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe Peri Lake Experimental Catchment, in Southern Brazil, is a small coastal lake (5 km2, 7 m depth) with a total catchment area of 20 km2. The catchment is mainly covered by subtropical Atlantic Forest. Peri Lake is a recreational destination, an important ecosystem for biodiversity preservation, and a major water supply source. Even though there is a clear social and economic relevance, the information on this ecosystem is scarce, especially regarding the dynamics of water balance and water quality. We built this observatory using a low‐cost, low‐technology monitoring system to estimate the major components of the water budget on what we called a critical budget. We monitor meteorology, rainfall interception in two plots, overland flow and groundwater connectivity in a representative hillslope; and streamflow and velocity are measured in several small headwater rivers mostly starting during 2015. Geographic information on topography, land cover, geology, soil characteristics and the location of all the equipment installed in the field are also provided. The data set can be used to understand rainfall interception in Atlantic forests, catchment connectivity and streamflow permanence in coastal areas, spatial patterns of baseflow, and the modelling of complex processes in the critical zone involving the interaction between surface and groundwater, that are important in coastal lake ecosystems. Besides being used for research and education, we hope this observatory built on a shoestring budget will encourage fieldwork particularly in underrepresented and underfunded regions of the world.
Hydraulic properties affected by litter and stem cover under overland flow
Authors: Ding Lin , Fu Suhua , Zhao Hui 
Published: February 2021

AbstractVegetation stems and litter cover have different effects on sediment transport capacity under the same experimental conditions, which in essence, may be due to differences in their hydraulic properties, but the availability of comparative studies is limited. This study aimed to compare the hydraulic properties affected by litter and stem cover, compare differences in the drag forces exerted by litter and stems on overland flow, and develop new Manning's n and flow velocity equations for litter cover. Two series of flume experiments were conducted with the same slope gradients (8.8%, 17.6%, 26.8%) and flow discharge rates (0.5, 1.0 × 10−3 m3 s−1). Artificial Gramineae stems with a 0%–30% cover level and Pinus tabulaeformis litter with a 0%–70% cover level were used in series 1 and series 2, respectively. The flow velocity and depth were measured. The results showed that the Froude number and flow velocity affected by stem cover were much lower than those affected by litter cover, while the opposite trend was observed in the relative magnitude of the Reynolds number, flow depth and shear stress. The form resistance caused by stems was 22–57 times greater than that caused by litter for the same cover level, which suggests that stem cover contributes more than litter cover to increasing the flow resistance and reducing the flow's ability for sediment detachment and transport. Two new equations for calculating Manning's n and flow velocity under the influence of litter cover were developed, with R2 and NSE values of 0.96. The results of this study contribute to revealing the mechanisms of the differences of the effects of stem and litter cover on soil erosion.
Bank distress in the European Union 2008–2015: A closer look at capital, size and revenue diversification
Authors: Markoulis Stelios , Ioannou Panagiotis , Martzoukos Spiros 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe recent global financial crisis has clearly highlighted the importance of the timely identification of weak banks. This paper introduces and analyses a new sample of European Union (EU) banks, which faced distress during 2008–2015 and provides evidence regarding the relationship between distress and bank‐specific, macroeconomic, banking sector and stock market distress determinants, paying particular attention to issues that have been central following the crisis, such as capital, size and revenue diversification. Our findings regarding these variables seem to “connect” well with current supervisory actions. The paper also focuses on banks in EU countries that faced economic problems and documents that the probability of distress in these countries has been influenced by different factors, in comparison to the rest of the EU.
Do Dow Jones Islamic equity indices undergo speculative pressure? New insights from a nonlinear and asymmetric analysis
Authors: Arfaoui Mongi , Raggad Bechir 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis paper study the exposure of Dow Jones Islamic equity indices to global risk factors while considering both effects of speculative influence and fundamental changes. The study involves future markets according to Shari'a guidelines that ban speculative trading. Nonlinear ARDL modelling approach along with dynamic asymmetric causality tests is conducted to scrutinize long‐run and short‐run asymmetries and asymmetric causalities. The used data are crude refined oil future prices to stand for fundamental chocks in speculative trading and implied volatility index to stand for speculative pressure. Obtained results approve the presence of asymmetric cointegration between Islamic equity indices and oil‐VIX future prices. The Islamic indices are sensitive to oil‐VIX future chocks both in the long run and the short run. Asymmetric causality tests indicate the existence of asymmetric causality running from crude refined oil future prices which confirm the fundamental contagion effects but the causality from VIX to Islamic indices is not pronounced at all. Results support the absence of speculative influence on Islamic indices and prove that DJIM indices corroborate with Shari'a compliant rules. In sum, the paper confirms the asymmetric cointegration and then assumes that the asymmetry is present in Islamic equity indices inherent to changes in international futures prices. The paper shows the structure of exposure to global markets' expectations and provides faith‐based investors with insights about the attitude of Islamic indices towards the future. Our findings suggest useful highlights to policymakers, portfolio managers, faith‐based investors and scholars. We then could state that if long‐run relationship occurs it is naturally asymmetrical.
Economic growth and club convergence: Is there a neighbour's effect?
Authors: Sofi Arfat Ahmad , Sasidharan Subash , Bhat Mohammad Younus 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe study investigates economic growth and club convergence in a cross‐country framework from 1970–1971 to 2014–2015. In particular, we test the club convergence hypothesis through a non‐parametric and spatial interaction setting. The kernel density estimate shows a cyclical behaviour of per capita incomes, albeit following a common steady state. The conditional distribution is concentrated around the mean indicating a similar relative position across the heterogeneous countries. The transitional probabilities are strong enough to demonstrate a significant sign of clubbing. On testing the convergence hypothesis, we perceive strong evidence of club convergence across the countries. A persistent spatial dependence is unveiled across the proximities, therefore confirming the neighbour's effects in club formation. The study realizes a need to harmonize the interaction between the countries to improve the conditions for achieving long‐run sustained economic growth.
Maternal parentification history impacts evaluative cognitions about self, parenting, and child
Authors: Nuttall Amy K. , Ballinger Alexandra L. , Levendosky Alytia A. , Borkowski John G. 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTParentification occurs when children are unfairly charged with fulfilling parental instrumental and emotional needs. Parentification is associated with risk to evaluative self cognitions from childhood to emerging adulthood, but this association has not yet been studied among parents. The transition to parenthood is typically characterized by declines in self‐esteem, suggesting it is a critical period for understanding the risk parentification history poses to evaluative self‐cognitions and evaluative cognitions about children. The present study addresses these gaps using longitudinal data (N = 374 first‐time mothers) to examine the influence of maternal parentification history domains (emotional and instrumental caregiving, role unfairness) on trajectories of maternal evaluative cognitions about the self (self‐esteem, parenting self‐efficacy) and about the child (difficult child temperament, dissatisfaction with child contributions to relationships) in early parenthood. A spillover model was also examined such that evaluative cognitions about the self were examined as potential mediators between parentification history and evaluative cognitions about children. Results support associations between the role unfairness domain of parentification and each domain of maternal evaluative cognitions and a significant indirect effect of unfairness on risk to maternal evaluative cognitions about child contributions via parenting self‐efficacy. Implications for mother–child relationships and processes of intergenerational transmission of parentification are discussed.
An evaluation of a renewal‐mitigation procedure for inappropriate mealtime behavior
Authors: Haney Sarah D. , Piazza Cathleen C. , Peterson Kathryn M. , Greer Brian D. 
Published: February 2021

Renewal, the increase in behavior during extinction following context changes, may be particularly concerning during intervention for feeding disorders because context changes are often necessary for intervention generality and maintenance (Podlesnik et al., 2017). In the current study, we tested for renewal and evaluated a renewal‐mitigation procedure when we transferred intervention from a therapist to a caregiver, from clinic to the home, and changed the foods the feeder presented. We used an ABA arrangement to evaluate the generality of the renewal effect with 7 participants who engaged in inappropriate mealtime behavior. Context A was functional reinforcement. Context B was function‐based extinction during the control and mitigation conditions and our renewal‐mitigation procedure in the mitigation condition. The renewal test was function‐based extinction in Context A. We observed renewal of inappropriate mealtime behavior in 4 of 7 participants, and our renewal‐mitigation procedure was effective for 4 of 4 participants.
Polarimetric optical scanning microscopy of zebrafish embryonic development using the coherency matrix
Authors: Le Gratiet Aymeric , Bendandi Artemi , Sheppard Colin J. R. , Diaspro Alberto 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMany of the most important resolution improvements in optical microscopy techniques are based on the reduction of scattering effects. The main benefit of polarimetry‐based imaging to this end is the discrimination between scattering phenomena originating from complex systems and the experimental noise. The determination of the coherency matrix elements from the experimental Mueller matrix can take advantage of scattering measurements to obtain additional information on the structural organization of a sample. We analyze the contrast mechanisms extracted from (a) the coherency matrix elements, (b) its eigenvalues and (c) the indices of polarimetric purity at different stages of zebrafish embryos, based on previous work using Mueller matrix optical scanning microscopy. We show that the use of the coherency matrix and related decompositions leads to an improvement in the imaging contrast, without requiring any complicated algebraic operations or any a priori knowledge of the sample, in contrast to standard polarimetric methods.
The use of therapeutic plasma exchange as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019: A critical appraisal of the current evidence
Authors: Lu Wen , Kelley Walter , Fang Deanna C. , Joshi Sarita , Kim Young , Paroder Monika , Tanhehco Yvette , Tran Minh‐Ha , Pham Huy P. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has led to a major pandemic. While vaccine development moves forward, optimal treatment continues to be explored. Efforts include an ever‐expanding number of clinical trials along with newly proposed experimental and off‐label investigational therapies; one of which is therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE). There have been a number of publications on TPE use as adjunctive therapy for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), but no prospective randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been completed. This article critically appraises the current available evidence on TPE as a treatment modality for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.
Temporal changes in the value relevance of analysts' forecasts
Authors: Johnston Joseph , Guidry Ronald P. , Trimble Madeline 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe examine the temporal change in the value relevance of analysts' forecasts relative to accounting information over a 42‐year period. The temporal change in value relevance is measured using the explained variation (R2) from the cross‐sectional regressions of security prices and returns on accounting metrics, specifically earnings and book value, alone and jointly with other information proxied by analysts' forecasts using a sample of 102,875 U.S. firm‐year observations. Prior research suggests that the value relevance of accounting information has declined over time. If investors are relying on metrics other than financial metrics, we would expect the reliance on analysts' forecasts to increase. Interestingly, the joint relevance of accounting and analysts' forecasts also declines over our sample period and the incremental relevance of analysts' forecasts remains constant over our sample period, suggesting that investors are not substituting analysts' forecasts for accounting information.