bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of Transvaginal Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Intrauterine Lesions
Authors: Pereira Adriana Elisa de Miranda Murta , Franco Junia , Machado Fernanda Silveira , Geber Selmo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objective To evaluate the accuracy of transvaginal ultrasound in the diagnosis of intrauterine lesions, using hysteroscopy as the gold standard.
Methods This was a prospective observational study with 307 patients. All patients underwent hysteroscopy after a previous transvaginal ultrasound to compare the results. The hysteroscopy was performed by experienced examiners, and transvaginal ultrasounds were performed in various public and private services, which is reflective of routine healthcare practices in obstetrics and gynecology. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the transvaginal ultrasound were calculated using hysteroscopy as the gold standard. The level of agreement between the two exams was calculated using the Kappa test.
Results The mean age was 56.55 ± 12.3 years. For endometrial polyps, we observed a sensitivity of 39.8%, specificity of 72.7%, accuracy of 52.8%, and Kappa index of 0.11 (p = 0.025). For fibroids, the sensitivity was 46.7%, specificity was 95.0%, accuracy was 87.9%, and Kappa index was 0.46 (p < 0.001). For endometrial thickening, the sensitivity was 68.7%, specificity was 41.7%, accuracy was 47.6%, and Kappa index was 0.06 (p = 0.126). For endometrial atrophy, we found a sensitivity of 6.7%, specificity of 99.3%, accuracy of 90.2%, and Kappa index of 0.10 (p = 0.006). For the other findings, the sensitivity was 15.6%, specificity was 99.6%, accuracy was 87.3%, and Kappa index was 0.23 (P < 0.001).
Conclusion Our study demonstrated a low level of accuracy of transvaginal ultrasound for the diagnosis of endometrial lesions, when performed by a non-experienced professional. Thus, it is important to consider the use of hysteroscopy to avoid unnecessary and inappropriate treatments.
Reliability of Contralateral Suppression in Evoked Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions
Authors: Santos Ana Carolina dos , Labanca Ludimila , Assumpção Larissa Resende , Mancini Patricia Cotta , Carvalho Sirley Alves da Silva , Resende Luciana Macedo de 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) and their suppression may be considered useful in monitoring cochlear function and the efferent auditory pathway inhibitory effect. Nonetheless, the establishment of reliable parameters of response variations is of great importance.
Objectives To verify the replicability of test and retest in the research of the inhibitory effect of the efferent pathway using contralateral suppressing stimulus during DPOAE recording for clinical applicability.
Methods Cross-sectional study with 48 volunteers, aged 18 to 30 years, with normal audiometric thresholds. The procedures included were audiometric and immittance measures to overrule any conductive or sensorineural conditions and DPOAE recordings without and with contralateral suppression with a 60 dBHL white noise. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions amplitudes were analyzed and compared in both conditions with Wilcoxon test, and the Spearman correlation test was used to assess test-retest reliability.
Results The comparative analysis showed differences between amplitudes in test and retest conditions only in 1,500 Hz for DPOAE measures with all other tested frequencies showing no differences, and no difference was observed in all recorded frequencies in the test and retest comparison for DPOAE suppression. The degree of correlation between test and retest of DPOAE amplitude was good at 6,000 Hz and strong (r > 0.880) at the other frequencies. For DPOAE with suppression, all frequencies presented strong correlation between test and retest: 1,500 Hz (r = 0.880), 2,000 Hz (r = 0.882), 3,000 Hz (r = 0.940), and 6,000 Hz (r = 0.957).
Conclusions The study found good replicability in contralateral suppression of DPOAE with potential clinical applicability, and we recommend conducting the test from 2000Hz to higher frequencies for more reliable results.
Can Supervised Pelvic Floor Muscle Training Through Gametherapy Relieve Urinary Incontinence Symptoms in Climacteric Women? A Feasibility Study
Authors: Nagib Anita Bellotto Leme , Silva Valeria Regina , Martinho Natalia Miguel , Marques Andrea , Riccetto Cassio , Botelho Simone 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objective To investigate the feasibility of pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) through gametherapy for relieving urinary symptoms of climacteric women with stress or mixed urinary incontinence (UI).
Methods Randomized clinical trial, divided into two groups: Gametherapy (G_Game) and Control (G_Control). Both groups received recommendations about unsupervised PFMT, and G_Game also received supervised PFMT through gametherapy. After 5 consecutive weeks, the feasibility was investigated considering participant adherence, urinary symptoms (evaluated by the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form [ICIQ-UI-SF] questionnaire), and pelvic floor function (PERFECT Scheme: power, endurance, repetition and fast). The Fisher exact, Kruskal-Wallis, Wilcoxon sign paired, and Mann-Whitney U tests were used by intention-to-treat analysis, using STATA 15.1 (StataCorp, College Station, TX, USA) software.
Results The present study included 20 women per group and observed a higher adherence in G_Game. In the intragroup analysis, a decrease in the ICIQ-UI-SF score was observed in both groups (14.0 to 10.0; 13.5 to 0), associated with increased endurance (2.5 to 3.5; 2.5 to 4.0) in G_Control and G_Game, respectively. Moreover, there was a concomitant increase in pelvic floor muscles (PFMs) power (2.0 to 3.0), repetition (3.0 to 5.0), and fast (10.0 to 10.0) in G_Game. In the intergroup analysis, a reduction of UI was observed (p < 0.001; r = 0.8), as well an increase in PFM power (p = 0.027, r = 0.2) and endurance (p = 0.033; r = 0.3) in G_Game.
Conclusion The feasibility of supervised PFMT through gametherapy was identified by observing participant adherence, relief of urinary symptoms, and improvement in PFM function.
Conservative Management of Spondylodiscitis after Laparoscopic Sacral Colpopexy: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Tavares Madalena Andrade , Silva Ana Rita , Melo Marta Gomes de , Pacheco Márcia , Coutinho Nuno , Ambrósio Alexandre , Tapadinhas Paula 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSacral colpopexy is one of the standard procedures to treat apical pelvic organ prolapse. In most cases, a synthetic mesh is used to facilitate the colposuspension. Spondylodiscitis is a rare but potentially serious complication that must be promptly diagnosed and treated, despite the lack of consensus in the management of this complication. We report one case of spondylodiscitis after a laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy and sacral colpopexy treated conservatively. We also present a literature review regarding this rare complication. A conservative approach without mesh removal may be possible in selected patients (stable, with no vaginal lesions, mesh exposure or severe neurologic compromise). Hemocultures and culture of image-guided biopsies should be performed to direct antibiotic therapy. Conservative versus surgical treatment should be regularly weighted depending on clinical and analytical progression. A multidisciplinary team is of paramount importance in the follow-up of these patients.
Terrestrial biodiversity threatened by increasing global aridity velocity under high-level warming
Authors: Shi Hao , Tian Hanqin , Lange Stefan , Yang Jia , Pan Shufen , Fu Bojie , Reyer Christopher P. O. 
Published: August 2021

Significance
Under climate change, a point on a map needs to move in some speed and direction to maintain its current climate niche. We calculated the speeds and directions of aridity shifts across the globe to approximate species migration in natural–human systems driven by changes in water availability. We found historically that the aridity shifts had driven migration of vegetation greenness isolines in multiple regions. Most importantly, global drying would be accelerated for terrestrial taxa without mitigation. This would leave some species unable to adapt quickly enough, especially amphibians, which will suffer the largest aridification speed against plants, birds, and mammals. These findings suggest strong climate mitigation actions are required for the benefit of both terrestrial biodiversity and human well-being.
Amyloid particles facilitate surface-catalyzed cross-seeding by acting as promiscuous nanoparticles
Authors: Koloteva-Levine Nadejda , Aubrey Liam D. , Marchante Ricardo , Purton Tracey J. , Hiscock Jennifer R. , Tuite Mick F. , Xue Wei-Feng 
Published: August 2021

Significance
The formation of disease-associated fibrillar amyloid structures can be accelerated by preformed amyloid seeds. This seeding process is thought to occur solely through elongation at amyloid fibril ends, resulting in the templated propagation of the protein conformation encoded in the seeds. We demonstrate that amyloid seeding does not always proceed through templated elongation and show that amyloid seeds are nanoparticles that can accelerate the formation of new heterologous amyloid without templating the protein conformation encoded in the seeds. We provide experimentally testable criteria to distinguish seeding through a templated elongation mechanism from surface catalysis and present mechanistic insights into the amyloid seeding and cross-seeding phenomenon. These findings have wide implications for our understanding of the molecular basis of amyloid cross-interactions.
SNX27-FERM-SNX1 complex structure rationalizes divergent trafficking pathways by SNX17 and SNX27
Authors: Yong Xin , Zhao Lin , Hu Wenfeng , Sun Qingxiang , Ham Hyoungjun , Liu Zhe , Ren Jie , Zhang Zhen , Zhou Yifei , Yang Qin , Mo Xianming , Hu Junjie , Billadeau Daniel D. , Jia Da 
Published: August 2021

Significance
The sorting nexin proteins are critical for endosomal trafficking and signaling. SNX17 and SNX27 are two SNX proteins displaying high similarity in domain structure, including a common FERM domain; however, they mediate distinct endocytic recycling pathways. We now solve this mystery by demonstrating that the FERM domains of SNX17 and SNX27 have different functions. Whereas the FERM domain of SNX17 recognizes the NPxY/NxxY motif, the same domain in SNX27 binds to a novel “DLF” motif within the N termini of SNX1/2. The interaction between SNX27 and SNX1/2 not only helps efficient retrieval of multiple cargoes but also promotes endosomal recruitment of SNX27. We further demonstrate that the SNX27–SNX1/2 interaction is crucial to neuronal growth and brain development in zebrafish.
Stretchable origami robotic arm with omnidirectional bending and twisting
Authors: Wu Shuai , Ze Qiji , Dai Jize , Udipi Nupur , Paulino Glaucio H. , Zhao Ruike 
Published: August 2021

Significance
The octopus quickly reconfigures its arms to perform highly integrated tasks, such as swimming, walking, and preying. Inspired by such a soft-bodied cephalopod biosystem, we engineer compliant origami robotic arms to achieve multimodal deformations that integrate stretching, folding, omnidirectional bending, and twisting for functions such as grasping and lifting objects by means of precise magnetic actuation. The remote magnetic field control allows distributed actuation of the multiple degree-of-freedom robotic system for complex motions to achieve the aforementioned shape-changing capabilities and functionalities. Origami robotic arms with untethered control are applicable to biomedical devices and morphing mechanisms in environments with limited access.
“We were cocked & loaded to retaliate”
Authors: Makki Mohammad , Ross Andrew S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe diplomatic relationship between the USA and Iran has long been fraught and is characterised by various conflicts and the implementation of economic sanctions. It can be argued that the relationship became even more hostile after Donald Trump was elected president of the US. Trump’s sentiments towards Iran were made public through his behavior on Twitter, both before and after he took over the Presidency. These sentiments have been a mix of negative and sometimes positive views and opinions. This study uses a corpus of Trump’s tweets that explicitly mention ‘Iran’ as the basis of a linguistic analysis and applies to it the analytical framework ofappraisalfrom Systemic Functional Linguistics. More specifically, this study focuses on how he established an Us vs. Them dichotomy. While the analysis shows that Iran has been generally portrayed negatively by Trump, there were several tweets where the Iranian government was appraised positively, too. More interestingly, in those tweets, he seemed to target Obama and democrats and represent them negatively while Iran was assessed in positive terms.
Simulation of volumetric deformation in the process of hot compaction of composite infiltrated Fe-Cu
Authors: Sergeenko S N 
Published: August 2021

Annotation
To describe the regularities of the compaction of an infiltrated Fe-Cu composite material in the process of hot compaction, a criterion is proposed that is determined by the volumetric deformation of the pores of a refractory metal (iron) frame associated with plastic deformation of a compact material surrounding the pore. In this work, a multiplicative model of the influence of the values of technological factors (the content of the infiltrate, the initial relative density of the refractory base, the reduced work of compaction) on the volumetric deformation of the pores of the iron frame in the process of hot compaction of the infiltrated composite material is built. A hypothesis is formulated for compaction of an iron frame by accommodation of powder particles in the process of hot compaction of a Fe-Cu composite material with an increased content of infiltrate. It has been established that the volumetric deformation of the iron base is determined by the course of competing processes - decompaction due to the effect of “copper growth” of the Fe-Cu composite material, as well as the disintegration of the powder base associated with the squeezing out of the liquid phase of the infiltrate along the unformed interparticle surfaces, and compaction due to the suppression of decompaction under the action of external pressure during hot compaction of the infiltrated composite material.
Non-contact measurements of composite aircraft wing prototype under load
Authors: Kulesh V P , Kurulyuk K A , Shvardygulov G E 
Published: August 2021

Annotation
Measurements of general deformation of the wing box prototype of a medium-range passenger aircraft under load were carried out using non-contact videogrammetry (monogrammetry) method. The wing box was 9.8 m long and was made of polymer composite material. The tests were carried out on a special stand, where the variable loading of aircraft wing was simulated at ground and flight modes of a typical flight. The loading was carried out according to the program of tests up to destruction. As a result, the fields of distributed deflection strain were obtained for each loading step. It was shown that the maximum deflection in the end section immediately before failure reached 290 mm. The error in measuring the normal deviations of surface points did not exceed 0.8 mm.
Actual methods of full-scale metal-composite aircraft structures static testing with the use of information systems
Authors: Kolman E M , Kurulyuk D V , Limonin M V 
Published: August 2021

Annotation
Strength testing of aircraft structures made of polymer composite materials requires improving methods and procedures for conducting experimental research. The paper presents a computational and experimental approach applied in the laboratory of static strength tests of FSUE “TsAGI”. The effectiveness of this approach is demonstrated on the example of testing the structure of medium-range aircraft. Before the tests, a computational model was created, based on which critical strength zones were determined. Additional strain gauges were installed in these areas, which allowed conducting thorough monitoring of the stress-strain state. The use of specialized software “Tensometry visualization module”, developed at FSUE “TsAGI”, made it possible to analyse the readings of ∼10,000 strain gages during testing in real-time, which significantly increased the information value of the experiment and reduced the risks of unintentional destruction of a full-scale specimen. Based on the results of the experiment, the calculation model was validated.
Increasing the rigidity of an elastic working tool for processing thin sheet metal by creating composite material based on polyurethane elastomers and synthetic aramid fabrics
Authors: Semenov I E , Savchuk D V 
Published: August 2021

Abstracts
The paper presents the results of both experimental and theoretical studies on the creation of a new composite working tool for pressure treatment of thin sheet metals. The composite working tool is made on the basis of SKU-7L polyurethane with reinforcement with one layer of kevlar-type aramid fabric.
A study of cutting forces when drilling CFRP/Ti stacks
Authors: Ivanov Y N , Chashhin N S , Sultanova A R 
Published: August 2021

Abstracts
Twist drilling is a widely used machining technology for composite materials. Delamination is a serious drilling problem. The main purpose of the study is to improve the quality and productivity of the process of drilling holes in CERP/Ti stacks by minimizing delamination defects without undue changes in the cutting modes. The stack consists of a CFRP layer and titanium alloy layers. The holes are drilled with the Atlas Copco PFD-1500 automatic feed drilling machine. The HAM carbide drill was used for cutting. The range of variations in the cutting modes was selected and an experiment plan was drawn up in Statistica 6. Three factors (cutting speed, feed and accumulated cutting length) were taken into account. Using the experiment results, multivariate regression analysis models were built. They describe the effects of cutting modes and cutting length on the axial cutting force in the CFRP layer. The cutting length is the most significant factor. An increase in this factor increases the axial cutting force. An increase in feed also increases the cutting force, but its effect is less pronounced. The squared cutting speed has the least effect on the axial cutting force.
Composite shell of toroidal balloons of breathing apparatus with meridional winding of threads
Authors: Komkov M A , Galinovskiy A L , Htet Kyaw Myo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The prospects of using toroidal composite high-pressure cylinders for breathing apparatus, which are more ergonomic in comparison with similar cylindrical cylinders, are described. Through the analytical solution of the equilibrium equations, the cross-sectional shape of the composite shells of toroidal balloons, which are intersecting loop-like curves, is determined. A constructive diagram of a toroidal composite balloon, formed by the intersection of the upper and lower branches of the shell reinforced along the meridians, and the profiled annular layer of threads, installed at the point of their intersection, is proposed.
Finite element modeling of elastic moduli and microstresses in textile carbon-carbon composites
Authors: Dimitrienko Yu I , Yurin Yu I , Sborschikov S V , Bogdanov I O , Ya Yahnovski A , Bay-murzin R R 
Published: August 2021

Abstracts
The problem of detailed calculation of micro-stresses in textile composite materials under arbitrary types of loading is considered. A model for calculating the effective characteristics of textile composites considering the real complex curvilinear anisotropy of fibers in tissues is proposed. The model is based on the asymptotic homogenization method, whereby local problems of elasticity theory for a curvilinear anisotropic body are formulated. For the numerical solution of these problems, the finite element method is used. The implementation of the proposed method was carried out within the framework of the SMCM software package, developed at the Department of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Physics of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. The SMCM software package allows you to perform a full cycle of finite element modeling, including the stages of pre-processing and post-processing. An example of numerical modeling of a textile carbon-carbon composite of twill weaving is carried out. It is shown that the developed software package provides (a very high accuracy of calculations of the effective elastic properties of composites. The comparison was carried out with the calculations obtained using the ANSYS software, which was modified to provide the possibility of solving local problems, the relative deviation in the calculations of the effective elastic constants did not exceed (-7) degrees.
Modeling of the draping textile on a curved surface
Authors: Dimitrienko Yu I , Zakharov A A , Gorbunov V Y 
Published: August 2021

Abstracts
This paper presents algorithm for draping 2D textile fabric on curved surface. Using computer analyze to predicting strength and stiffness of textile reinforced composite details allows to achieve better characteristics of received parts. Part of this task is stacking initial cloth on the surface. Modeling of draped fabrics on surface produced by representation initial cloth by pin-jointed net model, which are describes position of each thread. This algorithm also provides to analyses angles between each pair of threads in considered object. It is used to find areas with critical tension, or places of formation of folds of fabrics. In this paper threads of fabrics are inextensibility.
3D printing technological modes influence on the performance properties of vehicles plastic parts restored with additive technologies
Authors: Nefelov I S , Baurova N I 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The 3D printing parameters influence on the plastic parts performance properties (water absorption, chemical resistance) created with additive technologies is considered. It has been found that, the filling percentage has the greatest influence on the change in the water absorption value among the other printing parameters. It has been shown that the printed product structure formation should be carried out at a print job creating stage.
Obtaining lined environmentally friendly wood-based panels
Authors: Tsvetkov V E , Yu Ekimova M , Machneva O P 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This paper considered manufacturing of faced wood-based panels based on a carbamide-formaldehyde oligomer modified with a mixture of low molecular weight polyoxymethylene glycols. For facing material, we propose paper-resin films ob-tained by impregnating textured decorative papers with an amino-formaldehyde oli-gomer modified with salts of polyfunctional acids.
Relationship between the roughness of the friction surface of wear-resistant composites and their composition
Authors: Kisel Yu E , Kravchenko I N , Kuznetsov Yu A , Korneev V M 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The wear resistance of galvanic composites based on iron alloys under conditions of abrasive wear has been investigated. The relationship between wear resistance and surface roughness of composites during wear has been established. A model of the formation of the surface roughness of composites during abrasive wear is proposed. The optimal content of the dispersed phase in the composite was determined from the point of view of the ratio of the strength of the dispersed phase and matrix.