bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Relationship Between Centric Occlusion and The Maximal Intercuspal Position and Their Use as Treatment Positions for Complete Mouth Rehabilitation: Best Evidence Consensus Statement
Authors: Kattadiyil Mathew T. , Alzaid Abdulaziz A. , Campbell Stephen D. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this Best Evidence Consensus Statement was to evaluate the existing literature relative to two focus questions: How often does centric occlusion coincide with maximal intercuspal position in dentate and partially dentate populations?; and should centric occlusion or maximal intercuspal positions be equivalent for dentate and partially dentate patients undergoing complete mouth rehabilitation?Materials and MethodsKeywords used in the initial search were: intercuspal position, centric occlusion, centric relation, maximal intercuspal position, prosthodontic rehabilitation, and occlusion. The search was then limited to Systematic Reviews, Randomized Controlled Studies, Meta‐analyses and Clinical Trials.ResultsThe initial search strategy related to the selected search terms resulted in more than 15,000 articles. When the subsequent search was limited to Systematic Reviews, Randomized Controlled Studies, and Meta‐Analysis and Clinical Trials, 313 articles were selected for further analysis.ConclusionsReview of the literature reveals that most dentate and partially dentate patients do not have coincident centric occlusion and maximal intercuspal position. There is support for coincidence between centric occlusion and maximal intercuspal position as the preferred occlusal relationship in complete mouth rehabilitations. The literature does not report conclusive evidence of adverse prosthodontic outcomes with complete rehabilitations in centric occlusion or maximal intercuspal position in a healthy population. However, there is support for an association between centric occlusion‐maximal intercuspal position discrepancies and occlusal instability as well as temporomandibular joint disorders. Hence, it is concluded that partially and completely dentate patients requiring complete mouth rehabilitation should be restored in centric occlusion.
Too close for comfort? Microgeography of agglomeration economies in the United Kingdom
Authors: Lavoratori Katiuscia , Castellani Davide 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe issue of whether firm productivity is affected by agglomeration externalities is a longstanding area of research. However, the appropriate geographical level to better detect the effects of agglomeration economies and at which level these externalities work is still unclear. Using detailed firm‐level longitudinal data on 4927 manufacturing firms in the United Kingdom over the period 2008–2016, we investigate the relation between the microgeography of external agglomeration economies and firm productivity. We compare different geographical levels: city‐wide and narrowly defined neighborhoods around a firm. Results from a multilevel (mixed‐effect) model show that urbanization externalities play a role at a higher level of geographical aggregation, such as the city, whereas localization externalities operate at a finer level, within the city and in a closer neighborhood to the firm. Failing to control for more granular levels of geography results in confounding the two types of externalities. We also provide novel evidence that these externalities vary across firm (such as age, size, and productivity) and location (such as population density) characteristics.
Homeostatic sleep and body temperature responses to acute sleep deprivation are preserved following chronic sleep restriction in rats
Authors: Deurveilher Samuel , Shewchuk Stephanie M. , Semba Kazue 
Published: March 2021

AbstractChronic sleep insufficiency is common in our society and has negative cognitive and health impacts. It can also alter sleep regulation, yet whether it affects subsequent homeostatic responses to acute sleep loss is unclear. We assessed sleep and thermoregulatory responses to acute sleep deprivation before and after a ‘3/1’ chronic sleep restriction protocol in adult male Wistar rats. The 3/1 protocol consisted of continuous cycles of wheel rotations (3 h on/1 h off) for 4 days. Sleep latency in a 2‐h multiple sleep latency test starting 26 h post‐3/1 was unchanged, whereas non‐rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS) and associated electroencephalogram delta power (a measure of sleep need) over a 24‐h period beginning 54 h post‐3/1 were reduced, compared to respective pre‐3/1 baseline levels. However, in response to acute sleep deprivation (6 h by ‘gentle handling’) starting 78 h post‐3/1, the compensatory rebounds in NREMS and rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) amounts and NREMS delta power were unaltered. Body temperature increased progressively across the 3/1 protocol and returned to baseline levels on the second day post‐3/1. The acute sleep deprivation also increased body temperature, followed by a decline below baseline levels, with no difference between before and after 3/1 sleep restriction. Non‐sleep‐restricted control rats showed responses to acute sleep deprivation similar to those observed in the sleep‐restricted animals. These results suggest that the process of sleep homeostasis is altered on the third recovery day after a 4‐day 3/1 sleep restriction protocol, whereas subsequent homeostatic sleep and temperature responses to brief sleep deprivation are not affected.
A multi‐center experience of ablation index for evaluating lesion delivery in typical atrial flutter
Authors: Maclean Edd , Simon Ron , Ang Richard , Dhillon Gurpreet , Ahsan Syed , Khan Fakhar , Earley Mark , Lambiase Pier D. , Rosengarten James , Chow Anthony W. , Dhinoja Mehul , Providencia Rui , Markides Vias , Wong Tom , Hunter Ross J. , Behar Jonathan M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundAnatomical studies demonstrate significant variation in cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) architecture.MethodsThirty‐eight patients underwent CTI ablation at two tertiary centers. Operators delivered 682 lesions with a target ablation index (AI) of 600 Wgs. Ablation parameters were recorded every 10–20 ms. Post hoc, Visitags were trisected according to CTI position: inferior vena cava (IVC), middle (Mid), or ventricular (V) lesions.ResultsThere were no complications. 92.1% of patients (n = 35) remained in sinus rhythm after 14.6 ± 3.4 months. For the whole CTI, peak AI correlated with mean impedance drop (ID) (R2 = 0.89, p < .0001). However, analysis by anatomical site demonstrated a non‐linear relationship Mid CTI (R2 = 0.15, p = .21). Accordingly, while mean AI was highest Mid CTI (IVC: 473.1 ± 122.1 Wgs, Mid: 539.6 ± 103.5 Wgs, V: 486.2 ± 111.8 Wgs, ANOVA p < .0001), mean ID was lower (IVC: 10.7 ± 7.5Ω, Mid: 9.0 ± 6.5Ω, V: 10.9 ± 7.3Ω, p = .011), and rate of ID was slower (IVC: 0.37 ± 0.05 Ω/s, Mid: 0.18 ± 0.08 Ω/s, V: 0.29 ± 0.06 Ω/s, p < .0001). Mean contact force was similar at all sites; however, temporal fluctuations in contact force (IVC: 19.3 ± 12.0 mg/s, Mid: 188.8 ± 92.1 mg/s, V: 102.8 ± 32.3 mg/s, p < .0001) and catheter angle (IVC: 0.42°/s, Mid: 3.4°/s, V: 0.28°/s, p < .0001) were greatest Mid CTI. Use of a long sheath attenuated these fluctuations and improved energy delivery.ConclusionsAblation characteristics vary across the CTI. At the Mid CTI, higher AI values do not necessarily deliver more effective ablation; this may reflect localized fluctuations in catheter angle and contact force.
Array-Based Guided Wave Source Location Using Dispersion Compensation
Authors: Downs Andrew , Roberts Ronald , Song Jiming 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
An important advantage of guided waves is their ability to propagate large distances and yield more information about flaws than bulk waves. Unfortunately, the multi-modal, dispersive nature of guided waves makes them difficult to use for locating flaws. In this work, we present a method and experimental data for removing the deleterious effects of multi-mode dispersion allowing for source localization at frequencies comparable to those of bulk waves. Time domain signals are obtained using a novel 64-element phased array and processed to extract wave number and frequency spectra. By an application of Auld’s electro-mechanical reciprocity relation, mode contributions are extracted approximately using a variational method. Once mode contributions have been obtained, the dispersion for each mode is removed via back-propagation techniques. Excepting the presence of a small artifact at high frequency-thicknesses, experimental data successfully demonstrate the robustness and viability of this approach to guided wave source location.
Management of plantar heel pain: a best practice guide informed by a systematic review, expert clinical reasoning and patient values
Authors: Morrissey Dylan , Cotchett Matthew , Said J'Bari Ahmed , Prior Trevor , Griffiths Ian B , Rathleff Michael Skovdal , Gulle Halime , Vicenzino Bill , Barton Christian J 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveTo develop a best practice guide for managing people with plantar heel pain (PHP).MethodsMixed-methods design including systematic review, expert interviews and patient survey.Data sourcesMedline, Embase, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, trial registries, reference lists and citation tracking. Semi-structured interviews with world experts and a patient survey.Eligibility criteriaRandomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating any intervention for people with PHP in any language were included subject to strict quality criteria. Trials with a sample size greater than n=38 were considered for proof of efficacy. International experts were interviewed using a semi-structured approach and people with PHP were surveyed online.ResultsFifty-one eligible trials enrolled 4351 participants, with 9 RCTs suitable to determine proof of efficacy for 10 interventions. Forty people with PHP completed the online survey and 14 experts were interviewed resulting in 7 themes and 38 subthemes. There was good agreement between the systematic review findings and interview data about taping (SMD: 0.47, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.88) and plantar fascia stretching (SMD: 1.21, 95% CI 0.78 to 1.63) for first step pain in the short term. Clinical reasoning advocated combining these interventions with education and footwear advice as the core self-management approach. There was good expert agreement with systematic review findings recommending stepped care management with focused shockwave for first step pain in the short-term (OR: 1.89, 95% CI 1.18 to 3.04), medium-term (SMD 1.31, 95% CI 0.61 to 2.01) and long-term (SMD 1.67, 95% CI 0.88 to 2.45) and radial shockwave for first step pain in the short term (OR: 1.66, 95% CI 1.00 to 2.76) and long term (OR: 1.78, 95% CI 1.07 to 2.96). We found good agreement to ‘step care’ using custom foot orthoses for general pain in the short term (SMD: 0.41, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.74) and medium term (SMD: 0.55, 95% CI 0.09 to 1.02).ConclusionBest practice from a mixed-methods study synthesising systematic review with expert opinion and patient feedback suggests core treatment for people with PHP should include taping, stretching and individualised education. Patients who do not optimally improve may be offered shockwave therapy, followed by custom orthoses.
Impact of cellular myocardial infiltration on clinical outcome in non-ischaemic heart failure
Authors: Reichman-Warmusz Edyta , Nowak Jolanta , Kaczmarek Krzysztof , Nowalany-Kozielska Ewa , Wojnicz Romuald 
Published: March 2021

AimsSo far, little has been known on whether myocardial inflammatory infiltration influences heart failure (HF) progression. Thus, the aim of this study was to test the impact of intramyocardial infiltration on clinical outcomes.MethodsBiopsy samples from 358 patients with stable HF secondary to dilated cardiomyopathy were studied. Immunohistochemistry for lymphocyte (CD3) and macrophage (CD68) markers was performed and counted. After a 1-year follow-up, patients were classified as improved based on the predefined definition of improvement. The clinical data were collected from 324 patients (90.5%).ResultsAccording to the predefined definition of improvement, 133 patients improved (41.0%) but 191 remained unchanged or deteriorated (58.9%). After a 12-month follow-up, the OR with 95% CI of counts of myocardial inflammatory CD68-positive ≥4 cell/high power field (HPF) compared with CD68-positive <4 cell/HPF for lack of improvement was 1.91 (1.65–2.54). However, the number of CD3 positive cell infiltration had no impact on clinical outcome after a 1-year follow-up. In the baseline study, a reasonably negative correlation was found between the number of CD68 positive cells and troponin T (r=−0.39; p<0.001 by Spearman’s r). This was corroborated with a low negative correlation between these cells and myocardial form of creatine kinase (CK-MB) fraction (r=−0.27; p=0.006). There was no correlation between CD3 and CD68 positive cells (Spearman’s r; r=−0.17, p=0.16).ConclusionsThe current results provide evidence that high macrophage counts may be a predisposing factor for HF progression.
Impact of a frequent nearsplice SOD1 variant in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: optimising SOD1 genetic screening for gene therapy opportunities
Authors: Muratet François , Teyssou Elisa , Chiot Aude , Boillée Séverine , Lobsiger Christian S , Bohl Delphine , Gyorgy Beata , Guegan Justine , Marie Yannick , Amador Maria del Mar , Salachas Francois , Meininger Vincent , Bernard Emilien , Antoine Jean-Christophe , Camdessanché Jean-Philippe , Camu William , Cazeneuve Cécile , Fauret-Amsellem Anne-Laure , Leguern Eric , Mouzat Kevin , Guissart Claire , Lumbroso Serge , Corcia Philippe , Vourc'h Patrick , Grapperon Aude-Marie , Attarian Shahram , Verschueren Annie , Seilhean Danielle , Millecamps Stéphanie 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveMutations in superoxide dismutase 1 gene (SOD1), encoding copper/zinc superoxide dismutase protein, are the second most frequent high penetrant genetic cause for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) motor neuron disease in populations of European descent. More than 200 missense variants are reported along the SOD1 protein. To limit the production of these aberrant and deleterious SOD1 species, antisense oligonucleotide approaches have recently emerged and showed promising effects in clinical trials. To offer the possibility to any patient with SOD1-ALS to benefit of such a gene therapy, it is necessary to ascertain whether any variant of unknown significance (VUS), detected for example in SOD1 non-coding sequences, is pathogenic.MethodsWe analysed SOD1 mutation distribution after SOD1 sequencing in a large cohort of 470 French familial ALS (fALS) index cases.ResultsWe identified a total of 27 SOD1 variants in 38 families including two SOD1 variants located in nearsplice or intronic regions of the gene. The pathogenicity of the c.358–10T>G nearsplice SOD1 variant was corroborated based on its high frequency (as the second most frequent SOD1 variant) in French fALS, the segregation analysis confirmed in eight affected members of a large pedigree, the typical SOD1-related phenotype observed (with lower limb onset and prominent lower motor neuron involvement), and findings on postmortem tissues showing SOD1 misaccumulation.ConclusionsOur results highlighted nearsplice/intronic mutations in SOD1 are responsible for a significant portion of French fALS and suggested the systematic analysis of the SOD1 mRNA sequence could become the method of choice for SOD1 screening, not to miss these specific cases.
Computer Users Perceptions of Indonesian Online Bussines Webpage Based on Human Computer Interface
Authors: Sudarma Made 
Published: March 2021

Nowadays, in this era of information technology personal computer is common usage in office and home purposes. Most of personal computer software applications use US-English for its user interface and not all countries use the computer instruction using the language of the country concerned. In general, the problems caused by conditions like this one is creates a semantic gap. Indonesian is also experiencing these problems which there are still many Indonesian people that cannot understand in computer English instructions. This gap may increase intensifies globalization. However, the semantic gap also creates end users market opportunity for Indonesian computer application with appropriate terminology. With proper terminology, making computer software applications will target of non-advanced users.
This paper researches on the potentials of an Indonesian online bussines web browser. A mocked-up clone of Mozilla Firefox 18.1 was made for the purpose of collecting questionnaire result from respondents. The respondents were computer course students which meet the criterions of non-advanced users. The test that was done states that simple straightforward translations should be adequate for most cases, although a standardization of terminologies is still required.
Spiritual Maturity and the Appropriate Age for a Bishop in Auxentius of Durostorum
Authors: Tone Hiroshi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Epistula de Wulfila episcopo by Auxentius of Durostorum reported that Ulfila became a bishop when he was thirty years old. This report was dramatized in order to emphasize Ulfila’s sanctity. This study will examine the symbolic meaning of thirty years old, and explain how it is a deep-rooted and continual idea in the arrangement of clerical offices. As a result, I contend that the symbolism of “thirty years old” was the appropriate age for someone to lead the community. This idea came from Numbers 4:2–3 and could be also found in the Judaic tradition. One could argue that this idea on spiritual leadership prevailed, was accepted and was later the basis of the clerical offices.
The List of Aristotelian Types of Motion and Its Extension in De duabus in Christo voluntatibus of John Damascene
Authors: Tölpt Tauri 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
John Damascene’s use of philosophical logic in his theological treatises has remained a somewhat unclear subject. We know that John compiled purely logical and philosophical works, such as the Institutio Elementaris and the Dialectica. But it is not clear how much, if at all, John’s purely philosophical projects contributed to his later theological work. In order to illuminate the issue, I shall take under investigation the Damascene’s implementation of the Aristotelian types of motion that are clearly found both in John’s philosophic and in his theological works. One of his theological works in which the Aristotelian types of motion are used in tandem with the intelligible motion is the De duabus in Christo voluntatibus. Taking this Christological work as a starting point, this article aims to shed light on the potential sources behind the Damascene’s use of the different types of motion and the significance thereof for his arguments against Monothelitism and Monoenergism.
Rus’/Russia and the Mongols: Some Remarks on the Historical Meaning and the Present Debate of the Mongol-Tatar yoke
Authors: Pubblici Lorenzo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The Mongol conquests and the following dominations have long been the subject of historical reevaluation by the scientific community. The spread and progressive specialization of Mongolian studies of the latest decades have also affected the westernmost of the four khanates resulted from the division of the Empire: the ulus Jochi, better known as Golden Horde. Russia’s territorial vastity, its proximity to Western Europe, and its multicultural characters have all attracted the historians’ attention to the Mongol era. By retracing the crucial historiographical passages, from nineteenth-century studies to the present day, this article aims to provide a broad and updated perspective of how the scientific debate has developed internationally and its relationship with the macro-levels of the Russian society today: from politics to public opinion.
Turkish Constitutionalism in Millî Mücadele
Authors: Petrucciano Francesco 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The Teşkilât-ı Esasiye Kānūnu of 1921 is an interesting snapshot of the state-building process of the Turkish State during the Millî Mücadele. In this transitional period, the Ankara Meclis puts in the Chart all the expectations for the new State, drawing a system strongly based on Parliamentarism. While denying the Imperial authority, it voluntarily defers the definition of the form of the State, paving the way to a new idea of sovereignty. The fundamental Chart constitutes the instrument the Meclis uses to inject new fundamental concepts in the Turkish legal system, while overcoming the concept of osmanlıcılık. A courageous attempt to introduce in Turkey some of the most advanced ideas of public law at that time, it represents the evolution and the end of the second Constitutional Era. This work aims to demonstrate how this Chart and the following reforms represent the base of much of what Turkey was for almost a century.
Enhanced Abyssal Mixing in the Equatorial Pacific Associated with Non-Traditional Effects
Authors: Delorme Bertrand L. , Thomas Leif N. , Marchesiello Patrick , Gula Jonathan , Roullet Guillaume , Molemaker M. Jeroen 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRecent theoretical work has shown that, when the so-called non-traditional effects are taken into account, the reflection of Equatorially Trapped Waves (ETWs) off the seafloor generates strong vertical shear that results in bottom-intensified mixing at the inertial latitude of the ETW via a mechanism of critical reflection. It has been estimated that this process could play an important role in driving diapycnal upwelling in the Abyssal Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). However, these results were derived under an idealized configuration with a monochromatic ETW propagating through a flat ocean at rest. To test the theory in a flow that is more representative of the ocean, we contrast a set of realistic numerical simulations of the Eastern Equatorial Pacific run using either the hydrostatic or quasi-hydrostatic approximation, the latter of which accounts for non-traditional effects. The simulations are nested into a Pacific-wide hydrostatic parent solution forced with climatological data and realistic bathymetry, resulting in an ETW field and a deep circulation consistent with observations. Using these simulations, we observe enhanced abyssal mixing in the quasi-hydrostatic run, even over smooth topography, that is absent in the hydrostatic run. The mixing is associated with inertial shear that has spatio-temporal properties consistent with the critical reflection mechanism. The enhanced mixing results in a weakening of the abyssal stratification and drives diapycnal upwelling in our simulation, in agreement with the predictions from the idealized simulations. The diapycnal upwelling is on the order of O(10) Sv and thus could play an important role in closing the AMOC.