bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibiotic prophylaxis in preterm premature rupture of membranes at 24–31 weeks’ gestation: Perinatal and 2‐year outcomes in the EPIPAGE‐2 cohort
Authors: Lorthe Elsa , Letouzey Mathilde , Torchin Héloïse , Foix L'Helias Laurence , Gras‐Le Guen Christèle , Benhammou Valérie , Boileau Pascal , Charlier Caroline , Kayem Gilles ,   for the EPIPAGE‐2 Obstetric Writing Group
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo compare different antibiotic prophylaxis administered after preterm premature rupture of membranes to determine whether any were associated with differences in obstetric and/or neonatal outcomes and/or neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years of corrected age.DesignProspective, nationwide, population‐based EPIPAGE‐2 cohort study of preterm infants.SettingFrance, 2011.SampleWe included 492 women with a singleton pregnancy and a diagnosis of preterm premature rupture of membranes at 24–31 weeks. Exclusion criteria were contraindication to expectant management or indication for antibiotic therapy other than preterm premature rupture of membranes. Antibiotic prophylaxis was categorised as amoxicillin (n = 345), macrolide (n = 30), third‐generation cephalosporin (n = 45) or any combinations covering Streptococcus agalactiae and >90% of Escherichia coli (n = 72), initiated within 24 hours after preterm premature rupture of membranes.MethodsPopulation‐averaged robust Poisson models.Main Outcome MeasuresSurvival at discharge without severe neonatal morbidity, 2‐year neurodevelopment.ResultsWith amoxicillin, macrolide, third‐generation cephalosporin and combinations, 78.5%, 83.9%, 93.6% and 86.0% of neonates were discharged alive without severe morbidity. The administration of third‐generation cephalosporin or any E. coli‐targeting combinations was associated with improved survival without severe morbidity (adjusted risk ratio 1.25 [95% confidence interval 1.08–1.45] and 1.10 [95 % confidence interval 1.01–1.20], respectively) compared with amoxicillin. We evidenced no increase in neonatal sepsis related to third‐generation cephalosporin‐resistant pathogen.ConclusionIn preterm premature rupture of membranes at 24–31 weeks, antibiotic prophylaxis based on third‐generation cephalosporin may be associated with improved survival without severe neonatal morbidity when compared with amoxicillin, with no evidence of increase in neonatal sepsis related to third‐generation cephalosporin‐resistant pathogen.Tweetable AbstractAntibiotic prophylaxis after PPROM at 24–31 weeks: 3rd‐generation cephalosporins associated with improved neonatal outcomes.
Comparative evaluation of the impact of the COVID‐19 lockdown on perinatal experience: A prospective multicentre study
Authors: Bertholdt Charline , Epstein Jonathan , Alleyrat Camille , Ambroise Grandjean Gaëlle , Claudel Lysa , Olieric Marie‐France , Dahlhoff Sandra , Mottet Nicolas , Banasiak Claire , Morel Olivier 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo compare in the early postpartum the perinatal experience during a COVID‐19 related lockdown (‘lockdown’ group) and a pandemic control group subject to looser restrictions.Design and settingThis national multicentre prospective cohort study took place in four French maternity units.PopulationWomen were recruited during the postpartum stay for the lockdown and pandemic control groups, according to their enrolment period. Both faced the same labour and delivery restrictions but only the pandemic control group could have a postpartum visitor.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome was the perinatal experience during childbirth, assessed by the Labour Agentry Scale (LAS) self‐administered questionnaire, completed before discharge.ResultsThe study included 596 women and analysed 571 of them: 260 in the lockdown group and 311 in the pandemic control group. The mean LAS score was lower in the lockdown group (161.1 ± 26.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] 157.8–164.3 versus 163.3 ± 24.0, 95% CI 160.6–166.0; P = 0.289). In multivariable analysis, the LAS score was lower in the lockdown group (−6.2 points, P = 0.009), in women with caesarean (−21.6 points, P < 0.001) versus spontaneous deliveries, and among women financially impacted by the lockdown (−6.4 points, P = 0.007) or who experienced restrictions during childbirth (−8.1 points, P < 0.001). The LAS score rose with the prenatal care quality score (P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe perinatal experience was more negatively affected by lockdown restrictions than by the looser pandemic restrictions for controls, but mode of delivery remained the main factor influencing this experience.
Ciprofloxacin exposure and adverse pregnancy outcomes: A Danish nationwide cohort study
Authors: Noergaard Mia , Gotfredsen Ditte Resendal , Sørensen Anne Mette Skov , Andersen Jon Trærup 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the association between maternal exposure to ciprofloxacin and the risk of miscarriage and major malformations.DesignA nationwide register‐based cohort study.SettingData were obtained from the Medical Birth Registry, the National Hospital Registry, the Danish National Prescription Registry and Statistics Denmark.PopulationData were collected in the period between 1997 and 2016 and included all registered pregnancies that ended in an elective termination, miscarriage, stillbirth or a live birth. Exposure was defined as redeeming one or more prescriptions of ciprofloxacin.MethodsMiscarriage was defined as a diagnosis given before 22 weeks without any medical intervention. Major malformations were classified according to EUROCAT 1.4. We matched ciprofloxacin‐exposed pregnancies to unexposed pregnancies on the propensity score in a ratio 1:4. To estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of miscarriage a Cox proportional hazard regression model was used. A log binomial model was used to estimate the relative risk ratio (RR) of major malformations.Main outcome measuresHR of miscarriage and the RR of major malformations.ResultsA total of 1 650 649 pregnancies were identified. Of these, 10 250 (2050 ciprofloxacin‐exposed) and 6100 (1220 ciprofloxacin‐exposed) were included in the miscarriage and major malformation analysis, respectively. The HR of miscarriage was 0.99 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.84–1.17). For major malformation, the RR was 1.01 (95% CI 0.72–1.40). For the organ‐specific major malformations and the sensitivity analyses, no significant increased risks were identified.ConclusionWe demonstrated no association between miscarriage and maternal ciprofloxacin exposure within the first 22 weeks of pregnancy, or between major malformations and maternal exposure during the first trimester.Tweetable abstractNo association between maternal ciprofloxacin exposure and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
The adverse cardiovascular risk factor profile of women with pre‐eclampsia develops over time in the years before pregnancy
Authors: Retnakaran Ravi , Shah Baiju R. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveWomen with a history of pre‐eclampsia have an elevated lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease that may be partly attributed to an adverse cardiovascular risk factor profile, the etiology of which is unclear. Hypothesising that this adverse risk profile may begin to arise over time in the years before pregnancy, we sought to evaluate the pregravid changes over time in cardiovascular risk factors in women who go on to develop pre‐eclampsia and those who do not.DesignRetrospective cohort study using population‐based administrative databases.SettingOntario, Canada.PopulationAll nulliparous women who had singleton pregnancies between January 2011 and December 2018.MethodsAll results for the following analytes between January 2008 and the start of pregnancy were identified: A1c, glucose, lipids, and transaminases. Mean values were compared between those with and without preeclampsia. The annual change for each analyte in the years before pregnancy was estimated using generalized estimating equations.Main outcome measurePreeclampsia.ResultsThe 156 278 women (of whom 3827 developed preeclampsia) had mean 4.0 ± 3.3 pregravid tests overall. The two most recent pregravid tests were performed at median 0.6 and 1.9 years before pregnancy, respectively. Women who developed pre‐eclampsia had higher pregravid A1c, fasting glucose, random glucose, LDL‐cholesterol, triglycerides, and ALT, and lower HDL‐cholesterol, than their peers (all P < 0.0001). In the years before pregnancy, women who went on to develop pre‐eclampsia had higher annual increases than their peers in triglycerides (13.8‐fold higher; P = 0.0004) and random glucose (1.55‐fold higher; P = 0.001), coupled with a greater annual decrease in HDL‐cholesterol (9.7‐fold higher; P = 0.002). During this time, fasting glucose increased in women who developed pre‐eclampsia but decreased in their peers (P = 0.01).ConclusionIn women who develop pre‐eclampsia, an adverse cardiovascular risk factor profile evolves over time in the years before pregnancy.Tweetable AbstractIn women who develop pre‐eclampsia, an adverse CV risk factor profile evolves in the years before pregnancy.
Tetrodotoxin in live bivalve mollusks from Europe: Is it to be considered an emerging concern for food safety?
Authors: Antonelli Pietro , Salerno Barbara , Bordin Paola , Peruzzo Arianna , Orsini Massimiliano , Arcangeli Giuseppe , Barco Lisa , Losasso Carmen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTetrodotoxins (TTXs) are a group of potent neurotoxins named after the Tetraodontidae fish family (pufferfish). TTXs have been reported in several animal taxa, both terrestrial and marine. The ingestion of TTX‐contaminated flesh can cause serious neurotoxic symptomatology and can eventually lead to death. Traditionally, TTXs have been associated with Asian countries, in particular with pufferfish consumption. However, they have also been reported in bivalve mollusks farmed in the Pacific area and, recently, in European seas. In Europe, different countries have reported TTXs, especially those bordering the Mediterranean Sea. As a consequence, in 2017 the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) released an opinion with reference to TTX present in marine gastropods and bivalves, proposing a safety limit of 44 µg/kg TTXs in shellfish meat, below which no adverse effects should be observed in humans. Nevertheless, this limit has been exceeded on many occasions in European shellfish and, while for bivalves there have been no registered human intoxications, that is not the case for marine gastropods. However, TTXs have not yet been included in the list of marine biotoxins officially monitored in live bivalve mollusks within the European Union (EU). Thus, the aims of this manuscript are to discuss the increasing occurrence of TTXs in live bivalve mollusks from European sea waters, to acknowledge the still ongoing knowledge gaps that should be covered and to stimulate constructive debate on the eventuality of adopting a shared regulatory context, at least in the EU, for monitoring and managing this potential threat to food safety.
An overview of tropomyosin as an important seafood allergen: Structure, cross‐reactivity, epitopes, allergenicity, and processing modifications
Authors: Cheng Jun‐Hu , Wang Huifen , Sun Da‐Wen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTropomyosin (TM) is a major allergen in crustaceans, which often causes allergy and is fatal to some consumers. Currently, the most effective treatment is to avoid ingesting TM, although most adverse events occur in accidental ingestion. In this review, the molecular characterization, epitopes, cross‐reactivity, and pathogenesis of TM are introduced and elucidated. Modification of TM by traditional processing methods such as heat treatment and enzymatic hydrolysis, and innovative processing technologies including high‐pressure treatment, cold plasma (CP), ultrasound, pulsed electric field (PEF), pulsed ultraviolet, microwave and irradiation are discussed in detail. Particularly, enzymolysis, PEF, and CP technologies show great potential for modifying TM and more studies are needed to verify their effectiveness for the seafood industry. Possible mechanisms and the advantages/disadvantages of these technologies for the mitigation of TM allergenicity are also highlighted. Further work should be conducted to investigate the allergenicity caused by protein segments such as epitopes, examine the interaction sites between the allergen and the processing techniques and reveal the reduction mechanism of allergenicity.
A comprehensive review on current and emerging technologies toward the valorization of bio‐based wastes and by products from foods
Authors: Castro‐Muñoz Roberto , Díaz‐Montes Elsa , Gontarek‐Castro Emilia , Boczkaj Grzegorz , Galanakis Charis M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIndustries in the agro‐food sector are the largest generators of waste in the world. Agro‐food wastes and by products originate from the natural process of senescence, pretreatment, handling, and manufacturing processes of food and beverage products. Notably, most of the wastes are produced with the transformation of raw materials (such as fruits, vegetables, plants, tubers, cereals, and dairy products) into different processed foods (e.g., jams, sauces, and canned fruits/vegetables), dairy derivatives (e.g., cheese and yogurt), and alcoholic (e.g., wine and beer) and nonalcoholic beverages (e.g., juices and soft drinks). Current research is committed not only to the usage of agro‐food wastes and by products as a potential source of high‐value bioactive compounds (e.g., phenolic compounds, anthocyanins, and organic acids) but also to the implementation of emerging and innovative technologies that can compete with conventional extraction methods for the efficient extraction of such biomolecules from the residues. Herein, specific valorization technologies, such as membrane‐based processes, microwave, ultrasound, pulsed electric‐assisted extraction, supercritical/subcritical fluids, and pressurized liquids, have emerged as advanced techniques in extracting various added‐value biomolecules, showing multiple advantages (improved extraction yields, reduced process time, and protection to the bioactive properties of the compounds). Hence, this comprehensive review aims to analyze the ongoing research on applying such techniques in valorization protocols. A last‐five‐year review, together with a featured analysis of the relevant findings in the field, is provided.
Recent advances in halal food authentication: Challenges and strategies
Authors: Ng Pei Chi , Ahmad Ruslan Nur Amy Syahira , Chin Ling Xuan , Ahmad Musa , Abu Hanifah Sharina , Abdullah Zanariah , Khor Sook Mei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIncreasing public awareness of food quality and safety has prompted a rapid increase in food authentication of halal food, which covers the production method, technical processing, identification of undeclared components, and species substitution in halal food products. This urges for extensive research into analytical methods to obtain accurate and reliable results for monitoring and controlling the authenticity of halal food. Nonetheless, authentication of halal food is often challenging because of the complex nature of food and the increasing number of food adulterants that cause detection difficulties. This review provides a comprehensive and impartial overview of recent studies on the analytical techniques used in the analysis of halal food authenticity (from 1980 to the present, but there has been no significant trend in the choice of techniques for authentication of halal food during this period). Additionally, this review highlights the classification of different methodologies based on validity measures that provide valuable information for future developments in advanced technology. In addition, methodological developments, and novel emerging techniques as well as their implementations have been explored in the evaluation of halal food authentication. This includes food categories that require halal authentication, illustrating the advantages and disadvantages as well as shortcomings during the use of all approaches in the halal food industry.
Comparison of phenolic composition, vitamin C, antioxidant activity, and aromatic components in apricots from Xinjiang
Authors: Su Congyan , Li Tian , Wang Yongqin , Ge Zhengkai , Xiao Jing , Shi Xuewei , Wang Bin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAs a famous table fruit in Xinjiang, apricot has gained an increasing number of consumers because of its rich nutritional value and seductive flavor. The aim of this study was to assess the sensory qualities, the nutritional value, antioxidant properties, and flavor of Xinjiang apricots, which were investigated using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and headspace‐solid phase micro‐extraction with gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (HS‐SPME/GC‐MS). The results revealed that while there were similarities in the components contributing to nutrition and flavor, the Xinjiang apricots had distinct features. The “Luopuhongdaike” cultivar was superior in taste based on the comprehensive evaluation of the sugar, and acid contents and the sugar‐acid ratio. The “Suogejianali” and “Luopuhongdaike” cultivars were the best in terms of nutrients and antioxidant activity. All Xinjiang apricots possessed similar volatile compounds, including linalool, nonanal, decanal, (E)‐2‐nonenal, and octanal, which provided fatty, green, lemon, floral, and orange aromatic notes. In conclusion, Xinjiang apricots have high nutritional and aromatic value. These results will provide a complete chemical characterization of the taste, nutritional ingredients, and aroma of Xinjiang apricots, and help breeders better develop polyphenol‐rich varieties with superior antioxidant activity.Practical ApplicationThis study investigated the sensory characteristics, nutritional value, antioxidant activity, and flavor of fresh apricots in Xinjiang. The research results will provide a theoretical basis for the development of the sensory characteristics, aroma, nutritional value, and medicinal value of fresh apricots in Xinjiang.
Detection, quantification, and characterization of Salmonella enterica in mango, tomato, and raw chicken purchased in the central region of Mexico
Authors: Godínez‐Oviedo Angélica , Cabrera‐Díaz Elisa , Palacios‐Marmolejo Anastacio , Pérez‐Covarrubias Olga Berenice , Vargas‐Daniel Roció Candelaria , Tamplin Mark L. , Bowman John P. , Hernández‐Iturriaga Montserrat 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTo estimate human exposure to Salmonella enterica, it is essential to understand the pathogen distribution and characteristics. Prevalence and concentration of S. enterica were determined in mango, tomato, and raw chicken samples purchased in three states (Aguascalientes, Querétaro, and Guadalajara) located in the central region of Mexico during two seasons. In addition, S. enterica isolates were characterized by absence/presence of 13 virulence genes (chromosomal, prophage, and plasmid) and resistance to 14 antibiotics. A total of 300 samples of mango, 272 of tomato, and 354 of raw chicken were analyzed. The mean of the prevalence (24.9%) and concentration (−0.61 Log MPN/g) of S. enterica in chicken was higher than in mango (1.3%, −1.7 Log MPN/g) and tomato (1.1%, −1.7 Log MPN). Among S. enterica isolates (284), there were 7 different virulotypes, belonging 68.7% of isolates to V2; there was high variability in the presence of mobile genetic elements. The occurrence of specific mobile elements ranged from 81.4% to 11.3% among isolates. Among the isolates, 91.5% were resistant to at least one antibiotic with ampicillin being the most frequent; 54.9% of isolates were multidrug resistant. Data from this study can be used for quantitative microbial risk assessment of S. enterica related to mango, tomato, and raw chicken consumption in the central region of Mexico.Practical ApplicationData on the prevalence and concentration of Salmonella enterica obtained in this study can be used to estimate the exposure assessment for the consumption of mango, tomato, and chicken in the central region of Mexico. In addition, the characteristics of the S. enterica isolates could be used to select representative strains for future studies to evaluate the intraspecies variability.
Extraction and profiling of proteins in yellow powder from sweet potato starch wastewater using response surface methodology and proteomic approach
Authors: Yang Shini , Liu Haihua , Liao Xiaojun , Kong Xiankui , Xu Zhenzhen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSweet potato starch industry produce generous high soluble solid wastewater containing various biochemicals such as proteins. The wastewater could be spray dried into a product called yellow powder (YP). Proteins in the YP were recovered and profiled in this study. The extraction conditions were optimized on dependent variables of YP material–water ratio, pH, and temperature using response surface methodology (RSM). Maximum protein yield (61.2%) using RSM were observed at a material–water ratio of 50 (mg/L), pH 9.5, and extraction temperature of 30℃. Subsequently, a total of 25 proteins were identified by proteomic analysis, which mainly were sporamins, β‐amylase, starch phosphorylase, polyphenol oxidase, and superoxide dismutase. The extraction and profiling of proteins from YP would contribute to a comprehensive utilization and added value of the wastewater produced by sweet potato starch processing industry.Practical ApplicationThis study reported the recovery (61.2%) of proteins and protein profile of yellow powder (byproducts) from sweet potato starch wastewater. These information could contribute to the valorization a yellow powder into high‐value ingredients.
Interaction characterization of zein with cyanidin‐3‐O‐glucoside and its effect on the stability of mulberry anthocyanins and protein digestion
Authors: Liu Jianhua , Cheng Jing , Ma Zhen , Liang Tisong , Jing Pu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIngredient interactions usually occur in food matrix, which may affect their functions and properties. This study aimed to investigate the interactive effects of mulberry and corn protein on pigment stability and zein digestibility. The interaction of main compounds in both ingredients, that is, cyanidin‐3‐O‐glucoside (C3G) and zein, was characterized via their structural, morphological, thermal stability, and digestible properties using multi‐spectroscopic techniques, scanning electron microscopy, high performance liquid chromatography, and in vitro digestion models. Results showed that zein exhibited a strong binding affinity for C3G via van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds determined in fluorescence assays. The secondary structure of zein changed due to C3G binding, with a decrease in α‐helix and an increase in β‐sheet. The particle size of zein decreased after interacting with C3G. The zein complexation with mulberry anthocyanin‐rich extracts in a simulative food system did not affect the digestibility of zein significantly but enhanced the thermal stability of pigments slightly. Specifically, anthocyanins did not change the susceptibility of zein to pepsin proteolysis, suggesting that binding sites of C3G might not be the cleavage sites of pepsins. These results provide important insight into the binding mechanism of zein and anthocyanins and might help guide the design of anthocyanin‐based functional food.Practical ApplicationZein, as a storage protein widely distributed in corn flour, was commonly co‐existing with anthocyanins in starchy food. This study provides insights into the molecular interactions between zein and cyanidin‐3‐O‐glucoside. However, the interaction might not impact the zein digestion but enhance anthocyanin thermal stability. The findings of this work could throw light on the selection of ingredients rich in zein and anthocyanins in the food industry.