bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Divide and conquer in two‐sided markets: A potential‐game approach
Authors: Chan Lester T. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNetwork effects typically generate multiple equilibria in two‐sided markets. To overcome the methodological challenge of selecting an appropriate equilibrium, this article shows that many two‐sided market models are weighted potential games, and therefore, a refinement of Nash equilibrium justified by many theoretical and experimental studies, potential maximization, pins down an equilibrium. Under potential maximization, platforms often subsidize one side and charge the other, that is, divide and conquer. The primary determinant of which side to subsidize/monetize is cross‐side network effects. This divide‐and‐conquer strategy implies that platforms are often designed to favor the money side much more than the subsidy side.
Genomic selection for meat quality traits in Pekin duck
Authors: Zhang F. , Zhu F. , Yang F.‐X. , Hao J.‐P. , Hou Z.‐C. 
Published: November 2021

SummaryGenomic selection uses genome‐wide molecular marker data to predict an animal's genetic value in the breeding program. This study's objective was to present heritability estimates and accuracy of genomic prediction using different methods for meat quality traits in Pekin duck. There were two kinds of ducks in the genomic selection training population: 639 fat‐type ducks and 540 lean‐type ducks. A single‐trait animal model was used to estimate heritability and adjust the phenotype. GBLUP and BayesR methods were performed to estimate the SNP effects. The accuracy of genomic prediction was calculated using 5‐fold cross‐validation. The accuracy varied from 0.235 to 0.501 with the lowest accuracy estimated for traits associated with abdominal fat weight in the combined population and the most remarkable accuracy observed for abdominal fat percentage traits in the lean‐type duck population. Overall, BayesR can achieve the highest prediction accuracy, while the combined population strategy could be used to increase the accuracy of prediction only when the two populations have the same breeding aim for a certain trait.
Effects of quercetin on ovarian function and regulation of the ovarian PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a signalling pathway and oxidative stress in a rat model of cyclophosphamide‐induced premature ovarian failure
Authors: Zheng Shaoyan , Ma Mingying , Chen Yanxia , Li Miaoxia 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTo investigate the ability of quercetin to improve ovarian function and inhibit ovarian oxidative stress through the PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a signalling pathway in a rat model of premature ovarian failure (POF), we constructed a POF rat model with cyclophosphamide (CTX) and treated it with quercetin. Haematoxylin and eosin staining (H&E staining) was used to observe the morphological changes of the ovaries. The serum levels of AMH, E2, FSH, SOD, GSH‐Px and MDA were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. The expression of phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), forkhead box O3a (FoxO3a) and their phosphorylated forms AMH, FSH and their receptors in the ovary were detected by western blots. The mRNA expression of PI3K, Akt, FOXO3a, AMH, FSH and their receptors was detected by qRT‐PCR. Our results showed that quercetin could significantly increase the expression of AMH, E2, SOD and GSH‐Px, upregulate the protein expression of AMH, FSH and its receptor and decrease the expression ratio of phosphorylated PI3K, Akt, FOXO3a and the unphosphorylated forms. Moreover, quercetin inhibited the mRNA expression of PI3K, Akt and FOXO3a. These results suggest that quercetin can restore ovarian function and inhibit oxidative stress by regulating the PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a signalling pathway.
Evident but context‐dependent mortality of fish passing hydroelectric turbines
Authors: Radinger Johannes , van Treeck Ruben , Wolter Christian 
Published: November 2021

AbstractGlobally, policies aiming for conservation of species, free‐flowing rivers, and promotion of hydroelectricity as renewable energy and as a means to decarbonize energy systems generate trade‐offs between protecting freshwater fauna and development of hydropower. Hydroelectric turbines put fish at risk of severe injury during passage. Therefore, comprehensive, reliable analyses of turbine‐induced fish mortality are pivotal to support an informed debate on the sustainability of hydropower (i.e., how much a society is willing to pay in terms of costs incurred on rivers and their biota). We compiled and examined a comprehensive, global data set of turbine fish‐mortality assessments involving >275,000 individual fish of 75 species to estimate mortality across turbine types and fish species. Average fish mortality from hydroelectric turbines was 22.3% (95% CI 17.5–26.7%) when accounting for common uncertainties related to empirical estimates (e.g., handling‐ or catch‐related effects). Mortality estimates were highly variable among and within different turbine types, study methods, and taxa. Technical configurations of hydroelectric turbines that successfully reduce fish mortality and fish‐protective hydropower operation as a global standard could balance the need for renewable energy with protection of fish biodiversity.
Neighbour‐based bag‐of‐samplings for person identification through handwritten dynamics and convolutional neural networks
Authors: de Rosa Gustavo H. , Roder Mateus , Papa João P. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBiometric recognition provides straightforward methods to deal with the problem of identifying people under certain circumstances. Additionally, a well‐calibrated biometric system enhances security policies and prevents malicious attempts, such as fraud or identity theft. Deep learning has arisen to foster the problem by extracting high‐level features that compose the so‐called ‘user fingerprint’, that is, digital identification of a particular individual. Nevertheless, personal identification is not a trivial task, as many traits might define an individual, varying according to the task's domain. An exciting way to overcome such a problem is to employ handwritten dynamics, which are hand‐ and motor‐based signals from an individual's writing style and obtained through a biometric smartpen. In this work, we propose using such signals to identify an individual through convolutional neural networks. Essentially, the proposed work uses a neighbour‐based bag‐of‐samplings procedure to sample the signals to a fixed size and feeds them into a neural network responsible for extracting their features and further classifying them. The experiments were conducted over two handwritten dynamic datasets, NewHandPD and SignRec, and established new fruitful state‐of‐the‐art concerning these particular datasets and the corresponding context.
Investigations on optimization techniques for stabilized clinical images
Authors: Raveena Judie Dolly D. , Dinesh Peter J. , Jagannath D. J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractClinical imaging is the most vital part for precise medical analysis by physicians. Huge number of researcher's explore various possibilities to come up with an optimal solution. Innumerable innovative progressions aligned to medical images are radically growing. This article emphasizes on the various optimization techniques which helps the clinicians to have a clear picture on the region of interest. Unique modalities provide detailed information on a specific area, such sequences are made to stabilize to reduce the artefacts and they are allowed to pass through the processing stage for fusing so that the doctors can envisage the common features of CT and MRI. Further, Registration of the images is initialized to effectively align and overlay for appropriate determination by the physicians. To ensure the quality, essential optimization is performed and the assessments are performed subjectively and objectively. The proposed method is instigated with appropriate optimization procedures and is found that it outperforms the existing approaches subjectively and objectively. The proposed approach is also statistically investigated to prove its predominance. Quantum computation is being extensively used for research in medical applications. The computation complexity becomes less while adopting quantum processing.
Variable changes in zooplankton phenology associated with the disappearance of the spring phytoplankton bloom in Lake Michigan
Authors: Pothoven Steven A. , Vanderploeg Henry A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Changes in seasonal cycles (i.e., phenology), can cause mismatches throughout aquatic food webs and often are used as the primary indicator of zooplankton response to environmental changes. However, zooplankton phenology has been largely overlooked in Lake Michigan despite the altered phenology of phytoplankton, including the disappearance of the offshore spring phytoplankton bloom following Dreissena mussel invasions.

Multiple measures of phenology were evaluated for the major zooplankton groups in offshore southeastern Lake Michigan both before the loss of the spring bloom (1983–2003), and after the spring bloom had disappeared (2007–2019). Water temperatures in spring did not differ between time periods.

Standardised biomass declined between time periods for all zooplankton groups in spring and for total zooplankton and the cladoceran Daphnia in the summer. Changes in zooplankton phenology varied across groups and depended on the phenological measures used. Month of peak biomass shifted later for all groups, but the central point of the growing season did not change for any group between time periods. The onset of population development was delayed only for the copepod Limnocalanus.

Spring chlorophyll concentrations combined with spring water temperatures provided the best predictions of population onset for Limnocalanus and Daphnia. The central point of the growing season varied with spring chlorophyll concentrations for Limnocalanus, but with spring water temperature for Daphnia.

Changes in zooplankton phenology were relatively subtle compared to the large changes observed for spring chlorophyll concentrations. By contrast, there were fairly consistent declines in zooplankton biomass across groups that were associated with the declines in spring chlorophyll either alone or in combination with spring water temperature. This may mean that food limitation has a stronger influence on zooplankton biomass or production than on zooplankton phenology in offshore Lake Michigan.

Based on our results from Lake Michigan, alterations such as nutrient reduction or invasive dreissenid mussel filtering that lead to declines in spring phytoplankton blooms in other large freshwater lakes could result in subtle delays in zooplankton phenology for some groups along with stronger declines in zooplankton biomass.
Battered South‐Asian diasporic women: Culture, secrets and work
Authors: Pio Edwina , Moore Vikashni 
Published: November 2021

AbstractResearch indicates that women's experiences of domestic violence (DV), perpetrated by intimate male partners, impacts their work and workplaces (e.g., Showalter, 2016). South‐Asian diasporic (SAD) battered women tend to keep their DV experiences secret (e.g., Tonsing, 2014). Workplaces may be one of the few places where women experiencing DV disclose secrets (e.g., Murray & Powell, 2007). Utilizing a transnational feminist perspective, we carried out an integrative review process on scholarship from 2000 to 2020 pertaining to workplace implications of DV for SAD women. We make three contributions: we synthesize the cultural norms surrounding SAD women and DV to illuminate why these women keep their experiences secret; next, we braid these threads into a Cultural sensitivity, Organizational preparedness, Recognition and Engagement framework to highlight how workplaces can mitigate the experiences of SAD battered women employees; and finally we highlight how workplaces may support other ethnic minority migrant and refugee women experiencing DV.
Comparison of flow cytometry with other modalities in the diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Pembroke John S. , Joseph Joanne E. , Smith Sandy A. B. C. , Parker Andrew J. C. , Jiang Wei , Sewell William A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) are heterogeneous myeloid malignancies, conventionally diagnosed by cytomorphology and cytogenetics, with an emerging role for flow cytometry. This study compared the performance of a 4‐parameter flow cytometry scoring system, the Ogata Score, with other modalities in the diagnosis of MDS.MethodsBone marrow aspirate and trephine biopsies from 238 patients performed to assess for possible MDS were analysed, and the flow cytometry score was retrospectively applied. The sensitivity and specificity of the flow cytometry score, the aspirate microscopy, the trephine microscopy with immunohistochemistry, and cytogenetic and molecular results were determined relative to the final diagnosis.ResultsThe medical records of the 238 patients were reviewed to determine the final clinical diagnosis made at the time of the bone marrow examination. This final diagnosis of MDS, possible MDS or not MDS, was based on clinical features and laboratory tests, including all parameters of the bone marrow investigation, except for the flow cytometry score, which was only determined for this study. The flow cytometry score was 67.4% sensitive and 93.8% specific. Aspirate microscopy had higher sensitivity (83.7%) and similar specificity (92.0%), whereas trephine microscopy had similar sensitivity (66.3%) and specificity (89.4%) to flow cytometry. Although the flow cytometry score had a lower sensitivity than aspirate microscopy, in 18 patients (7.6% of the total) the flow cytometry score was positive for MDS, whereas aspirate microscopy was negative or inconclusive.ConclusionThe flow cytometry score and trephine microscopy exhibited reasonable sensitivity and high specificity, and complement aspirate microscopy in the assessment of MDS.
Targeted care navigation to reduce hospital readmissions in ‘at‐risk’ patients
Authors: Pang Rebecca K. , Srikanth Velandai , Snowdon David A. , Weller Carolina D. , Berry Belinda , Braun Gary , Edwards Iain , McGee Fergus , Azzopardi Ruth , Andrew Nadine E. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundCare navigation is commonly used to reduce preventable hospitalisation. The use of Electronic Health Record‐derived algorithms may enable better targeting of this intervention for greater impact.AimsTo evaluate if community‐based Targeted Care Navigation, supported by an Electronic Health Record‐derived readmission risk algorithm, is associated with reduced rehospitalisation.MethodsA propensity score matching cohort (5 comparison to 1 intervention cohort ratio) study was conducted in an 850‐bed Victorian public metropolitan health service, Australia, from May to November 2017. Admitted acute care patients with a non‐surgical condition, identified as at‐risk of hospital readmission using an Electronic Health Record‐derived readmission risk algorithm provide by the state health department, were eligible. Targeted Care Navigation involved telephone follow‐up support provided for 30 days post‐discharge by a registered nurse. The hazard ratio for hospital readmission was calculated at 30, 60 and 90 days post‐discharge using multivariable Cox Proportional Hazards regression.ResultsSixty‐five recipients received care navigation and were matched to 262 people who did not receive care navigation. Excellent matching was achieved with standardised differences between groups being <0.1 for all 11 variables included in the propensity score, including the readmission risk score. The Targeted Care Navigation group had a significantly reduced hazard of readmission at 30 days (hazard ratio 0.34; 95% confidence interval: 0.12, 0.94) compared with the comparison group. The effect size was reduced at 60 and 90 days post‐discharge.ConclusionWe provide preliminary evidence that Targeted Care Navigation supported by an Electronic Health Record‐derived readmission risk algorithm may reduce 30‐day hospital readmissions.
Mixed financing scheme in a capital‐constrained supply chain: bank credit and e‐commerce platform financing
Authors: Yang Honglin , Zhen Zhiyuan , Yan Qiang , Wan Hong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper studies a three‐echelon supply chain consisting of a commercial bank, an e‐commerce platform, and a capital‐constrained online retailer. Due to limited creditworthiness, the retailer can only obtain a restricted bank loan, while the remaining needs to resort to the e‐commerce platform to fund its business. We formulate a three‐echelon Stackelberg game in which the bank is a leader, the e‐commerce platform is a subleader, and the retailer is a follower. We analytically derive the optimal interest rates of the bank and the e‐commerce platform and the optimal order quantity of the retailer. Compared with the nonfinancing case, we characterize the regions of the interest rates charged by the bank and the e‐commerce platform under which Pareto improvement can be achieved. We also present the retailer's financing preference under equilibrium and show how the initial capital affects the retailer's financing selection. Numerical examples demonstrate that the retailer's order quantity and expected profit increase with the bank's loan ratio.
SMAD4 contributes to chondrocyte and osteocyte development
Authors: Pakravan Katayoon , Razmara Ehsan , Mahmud Hussen Bashdar , Sattarikia Fatemeh , Sadeghizadeh Majid , Babashah Sadegh 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDifferent cellular and molecular mechanisms contribute to chondrocyte and osteocyte development. Although vital roles of the mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 (also called ‘SMAD4’) have been discussed in different cancers and stem cell‐related studies, there are a few reviews summarizing the roles of this protein in the skeletal development and bone homeostasis. In order to fill this gap, we discuss the critical roles of SMAD4 in the skeletal development. To this end, we review the different signalling pathways and also how SMAD4 defines stem cell features. We also elaborate how the epigenetic factors—ie DNA methylation, histone modifications and noncoding RNAs—make a contribution to the chondrocyte and osteocyte development. To better grasp the important roles of SMAD4 in the cartilage and bone development, we also review the genotype‐phenotype correlation in animal models. This review helps us to understand the importance of the SMAD4 in the chondrocyte and bone development and the potential applications for therapeutic goals.
Familiarity reduces aggression but does not modify acoustic communication in pairs of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and black‐chinned tilapia (Sarotherodon melanotheron)
Authors: Akian Dieudonné Djétouan , Yao Kouakou , Parmentier Eric , Clota Frédéric , Baroiller Jean‐François , Bégout Marie‐Laure 
Published: November 2021

AbstractReproduction involves multiple complex behaviours, and the effects of familiarity on such social interactions are seldom described in fish. This is particularly true for sound production and communication within aggressive or non‐aggressive context. This study explores the effects of a common garden rearing without parental care of two closely related cichlid species (Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and black‐chinned tilapia Sarotherodon melanotheron) on their sound production features and social interactions. After 9 months in common garden rearing, from embryonic stage to first maturity, sound production and associated behaviours were recorded on specimens of the two species in intraspecific and interspecific pairings. The authors found that fish were able to produce the same kind of sounds as those recorded in similar context for their parents. Drum sounds were associated to chasing, lateral attack and courtship in O. niloticus and only to fleeing or avoidance in S. melanotheron. Specific grunts were produced in chasing, after biting and in nest building by O. niloticus, and specific rolling sounds were associated to courtship in S. melanotheron. Sound production and behaviours were not correlated to sex steroid levels, but the number of sounds recorded in aggressive context was correlated to dominance in O. niloticus. The authors conclude that one generation of common garden rearing does not modify sound features, which remain specific and innate in the two cichlids. Despite the familiarity, O. niloticus remained dominant on S. melanotheron, but the aggressiveness between the two species decreased.
Antimicrobial activity and mechanism of oregano essential oil against Shewanella putrefaciens
Authors: Lan Weiqing , Zhao Xinyu , Chen Mengling , Xie Jing 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate the antimicrobial mechanism of oregano essential oil (OEO) against Shewanella putrefaciens. Antimicrobial activity of OEO against Shewanella putrefaciens was investigated by the agar disc diffusion method. The change of growth curve, electric conductivity, the integrity of cell membrane, alkaline phosphatase (AKP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity were measured to evaluate its antibacterial mechanism. The morphology of bacterial cells was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The interaction between OEO and Shewanella putrefaciens genomic DNA was measured by ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, and DNA ethidium bromide adduct was analyzed by fluorescence. The results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration of OEO against Shewanella putrefaciens was 0.09% (v/v), and OEO could inhibit the growth of Shewanella putrefacien with a dose‐dependent manner. The cell membrane and cell wall of Shewanella putrefaciens were destroyed by OEO, which led to the leakage of nucleic acid, protein, and the release of AKP and LDH. The results of SEM confirmed the damaging effect of OEO on the bacterial morphology. The results of UV–Vis and fluorescence titration indicated that binding of the complexes to DNA was an intercalative mode.
Whole egg consumption and cognitive function among US older adults
Authors: An Ruopeng , Li Danyi , McCaffrey Jennifer , Khan Naiman 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundEggs are an affordable food providing many shortfall nutrients with the potential to improve cognitive health. We assessed the relationship between whole egg consumption and cognitive functioning among a US nationally representative sample of older adults.MethodsIndividual‐level data (2816 adults, aged ≥ 60 years) were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2012 and 2013–2014 waves. Cognitive assessments included the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease Word List Learning Test (CERAD‐WL), Word List Recall Test (CERAD‐DR), Animal Fluency Test (AF) and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). A composite cognitive z‐score was constructed based on the individual tests to represent one's overall cognitive functioning. Multiple linear and logistic regressions were performed to examine the effect of whole egg consumption on cognitive functioning, adjusting for individual characteristics and survey design.ResultsApproximately 57% of older adults consumed whole eggs, with an average daily intake of 34 g of whole egg equivalent among consumers. The average z‐scores of the CERAD‐WL, CERAD‐DR, AF and DSST tests were −0.08, 0.23, 0.37 and 0.42, respectively, and the overall composite cognitive z‐score was 0.24 among older adults. Regression analyses found that neither whole egg consumption status, nor daily intake quantity was associated with cognitive test scores.ConclusionsNo association was found between whole egg consumption and cognitive functioning among US older adults. Study limitations included cross‐sectional study design and measurement errors. Future studies with longitudinal or experimental design are warranted to examine the possible link between egg consumption and cognition in older adults.