bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS KUALITAS PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DAERAH DI PROVINSI PAPUA
Authors: Hafizrianda Yundy , Purbariani Ida Ayu , Kekry Boy Pieter Nizu 
Published: August 2021

In general, the aim of this study is to measure and analyze the quality of regional financial management in the Papua Provincial Government in a structured and comprehensive manner. Where the measurement and analysis methods used include a model of fiscal independence, the effectiveness and efficiency of local government revenue, as well as expenditure ratio models. Based on the results of measurements with the local government budgeting management analysis tools founds that overall the quality of local government budgeting management of the Provincial Government of Papua is good. The indicators of the quality of local government budgeting management can be seen from the timeliness in preparing the APBD-Induk and APBD-Perubahan, the efficiency and effectiveness of local government revenue, the ratio of PAD to local government revenue, absorption of Government Expenditure, the trend of SILPA, and BPK's opinion on LKPD. The quality of local government budgeting management by using the Timeliness Indicator in the preparation of the APBD-Induk and APBD-Perubahan looks varied and said to be of good quality, especially in 2015 and 2016, both the determination of APBD-Induk and APBD-Perubahan indicated on time. Furthermore, when analyzed in the trend of local government revenue, categorized quite well, where the level of efficiency and effectiveness is high, but its independence is still very low. In the composition of local government expenditure, capital expenditure tends to be always above employee expenditure, besides that the absorption capacity of local government expenditure is good because it averages close to 90% per year during the 2013-2015 period, so that the overall quality of local government budgeting management when observed from the performance of local government expenditure rated good. Next, in the SILPA APBD position, it tends to be always in a fluctuating positive value during 2013-2015, and categorized as good quality. Finally, based on the opinion of the BPK (Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan) on the LKPD (Laporan Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah), throughout 2015-2018 the Papua Province always received the title of WTP (Wajar Tanpa Pengecualian), so from the development of this opinion indicated that the local government budgeting management of the Provincial Government of Papua is very good.
О качестве обучения немецкому языку как второму (DaZ) в школах Германии
Authors: Безрукова Елена Ивановна , Колесников Алексей Анатольевич 
Published: August 2021

Современная система образования Германии переживает большие изменения. Одним из них является введение во всех типах немецких школ (от начальной до гимназии) нового учебного предмета «немецкий как второй язык». Это обусловлено миграционными процессами, происходящими в немецком обществе. Авторами рассматриваются педагогические и методические основы обучения немецкому как второму языку, а также проводится терминологическое отграничение понятия «немецкий как иностранный язык» и «немецкий как второй язык». Кроме того, авторы обращаются к характеристике таких терминов как «двуязычие» и «билингвизм». В центре внимания авторов актуальная ситуация в школах Германии в связи с обучением немецкому как второму языку. В результате педагогического наблюдения выделяются основные сложности преподавания немецкого как второго языка и обнаруживаются недостатки в системе и качестве обучения немецкому языку как второму. Анализируются причины возникающих сложностей и возможные пути их устранения. Авторы демонстрируют сложившуюся систему обучения на примере двух типов немецких школ – общеобразовательной школы и гимназии – для более объективного анализа. Впервые была подробно рассмотрена система обучения немецкому языку как второму в отличие от традиционной системы преподавания немецкого языка как иностранного.
Acil serviste tespit edilen çocukluk çağı kafa tası kırıklarının mortalite ve morbiditesinin incelenmesi
Authors: BOĞAN Mustafa , ALTINSOY Hasan Baki , OKTAY Murat 
Published: August 2021

Amaç: Kafatası kırıkları çocukluk çağında sık görülen yaralanmalardandır, basit travmalarla oluşan izole lineer kırıklardan yüksek enerjili travmalara oluşan intrakraniyal kanamayı da içeren çökme kırıklarına kadar değişen derecelerde görülebilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı kafa travması sonrası acil servise başvuran, 16 yaş ve altı çocuklarda tespit edilen kafatası kırıklarının mortalite ve morbiditesini araştırmaktır.
Materyal ve Metot: Kafatası kırığı nedeniyle travma ünitesine alınan 16 yaş ve altı çocuk hastalar çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Hastaların (toplam 113 vaka) yaş ortalaması 4,163,71 (0-15), %64,6’sı erkek ve geliş nedenleri en sık yüksekten düşmeydi (%69). Kafatası kırığı en sık sağ tarafta (%54), en sık frontal kemikte (%31) ve en sık lineer kırık (%78,8) izlenmiştir. Hastaların %68,1’inde kırığa eşlik eden intrakraniyal kanama izlenmemiştir. Travma ünitesinde takibe alınan hastaların ortalama yatış süreleri 3,424,52 (0-25) gündüz, 53 hastaya (%46,9) kontrol bilgisayarlı beyin tomografisi (BBT) çekilmiş, bunlardan 24(%45,3)’ünde kontrol BBT’de yeni gelişen intrakraniyal patoloji (6 hastada yeni gelişen kanama, 10 hastadan mevcut kanamda artış, 3 hastada yeni gelişen ödem, 4 hastada mevcut ödemde artış, bir hastada orta hat yapılarında yeni gelişen şift) izlenmiştir. 4 hasta nöroşirürjik operasyona alınırken, mortalite izlenmemiştir.
Sonuç: Çocukluk çağı kafa travmalarında radyolojik görüntülemede fraktür izlense dahi mortalite ve cerrahi oranları düşüktür. Ancak düşük GKS, deplase fraktür (çökme kırığı gibi) ve kırıkla birlikte olan kanamalar cerrahiye gidişi artırabilmektedir.
Deneysel Florozis Oluşturulmuş Ratların Böbrek Dokusunda C ve E Vitaminlerinin İnflamasyon Gen Ekspresyonu Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: USTA Ayşe , ÖNER Ahmet Cihat , YÜKSEK Veysel , DEDE Semiha , ÇETİN Sedat 
Published: August 2021

Amaç: İnflamasyon, florozis toksikasyon mekanizmalarının aydınlatılmasında önemli bir adımdır. Antioksidan C ve E vitaminlerinin, floroziste tedavi amacıyla uygulanmasının, inflamasyon gen ekspresyonları üzerine olası etkilerinin ortaya konulması amacıyla bu çalışma planlanmıştır.
Materyal ve Metod: Çalışmada 48 adet 200–250 g ağırlığında Wistar-Albino ırkı erkek rat kullanıldı. Kontrol(K), Mısır yağı(M), NaF(N), NaF+vitamin E(NVE), NaF+vitamin C(NVC), NaF+vitamin C+vitamin E(NVCE) olarak her biri 8 rattan oluşan 6 grup kullanıldı. 16 hafta NaF hayvanların içme sularına eklenerek 150 mg/kg olarak verildi. Vitamin E mısır yağında eritilerek verildiği için mısır yağı kontrol grubu oluşturuldu ve ratlara 0,2 ml/gün olarak mısır yağı verildi. Tedavi gruplarına 16 hafta NaF verildikten sonra 4 hafta vitamin C(100 mg/kg), vitamin E(300 mg/kg), vitamin C+vitamin E(100 mg/kg+300 mg/kg) oral olarak uygulandı. Deney sonunda tüm gruplarda rat böbrek dokusundan elde edilen RNA izolasyon ürünlerinde, inflamasyon markırlarından IL1-β, TNF-α genlerinin ekspresyonu real time-qPCR ile belirlendi. İnternal kontrol geni olarak beta-aktin (Actb) kullanıldı.
Bulgular: TNF-α ekspresyon seviyeleri, en yüksek NaF grubunda bulundu. Diğer tüm gruplarda önemli oranda düşüktü. IL-1 β gen ekspresyon düzeylerinin Mısır yağı ve NaF+vitamin C+E gruplarında en düşük bulundu. NaF ve NaF+vitamin C gruplarında en yüksek bulundu.
Sonuç: NaF ile deneysel oluşturulan floroziste artan florürün oluşturduğu olası böbrek hasarında tedavi amaçlı antioksidan vitamin uygulamasının inflamasyonu azalttığı görüldü. Vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin C+vitamin E’nin inflamasyon markırları üzerinde kayda değer yararlı etkilerinin olduğu tespit edildi. NaF+vitamin C, NaF+vitamin E verilen gruplara kıyasla vitamin C+E kombinasyonunun inflamasyonu düşürmede daha etkili olduğu görüldü.
Dişeti Çekilmesi: Yetişkin Bir Alt Popülasyonda Prevalans ve İlişkili Faktörler
Authors: ALPASLAN YAYLI Nazlı Zeynep , SARİ Elif Töre 
Published: August 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı yetişkin bir alt popülasyonda diş eti çekilmesi prevalansı ile pe-riodontal ve epidemiyolojik değişkenleri içeren olası risk faktörleri arasındaki ilişkiyi araştır-maktır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma 18-53 yaş arasında bulunan 140 gönüllü hasta üzerinde yürü-tülmüştür. Tüm katılımcıların demografik bilgileri, oral hijyen alışkanlıkları, diş hekimi ziya-ret sıklığı, anormal alışkanlık varlığı, sigara kullanımı ve sistemik durumu kayıt altına alın-mıştır. Klinik muayenede dişeti çekilmesi tespit edilen 211 alanda, ark dışı diş varlığı, dişler-de malpozisyon, aşınma, fırça izi, mobilite, dentin hipersensitivitesi, oklüzal travma, primer kontakt varlığı, anormal restorasyon kenarları, anormal frenulum varlığı, yapışık dişeti geniş-liği ve periodontal sağlık durumunu içeren çeşitli değişkenler incelenmiştir.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların %89,3’ ü sistemik olarak sağlıklı olup, %77,9’ u sigara kullanma-maktadır. %31,4 oranında katılımcı yılda 2 kez diş hekimi ziyareti yapmaktadır. Bireylerin %47,9’ u günde iki kez diş fırçaladığını belirtmiş, ancak tüm katılımcıların yalnızca %16,4’ ünün doğru teknikle fırçaladığı gözlenmiştir. Diş eti çekilmesi bulunan hastalar toplam birey-lerin %52,1’ ini oluşturmaktadır. Bu bireylerin ise %58,9’ unda dentin hipersensitivitesi, %35,6’ sında frenulum faktörü ve %32,9’ unda yetersiz yapışık dişeti tespit edilmiştir. Dişe-ti çekilmesi yaşla birlikte anlamlı şekilde artmıştır (p
Nova-Bollinger Ni-Cu Sulfide Ore Deposits, Fraser Zone, Western Australia: Petrogenesis of the Host Intrusions
Authors: Taranovic Valentina , Barnes Stephen J. , Beresford Steve , Williams Morgan , MacRae Colin , Schoneveld Louise E. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The Nova-Bollinger Ni-Cu sulfide ore deposit is the first economic Ni-Cu-Co sulfide deposit to have been discovered in the Albany-Fraser orogen in Western Australia. The host rocks are mafic-ultramafic intrusive cumulates subdivided into two connected intrusions, designated Upper and Lower. The Upper Intrusion is bowl-shaped and modally layered with alternating peridotite and norite mesocumulate layers, with a Basal Series of dominantly orthocumulate mafic lithologies. The Lower Intrusion is a much thinner, semiconformable chonolith (flattened tube-shaped intrusion) consisting of mostly unlayered mafic to ultramafic orthocumulates. The Lower Intrusion hosts all the high-grade mineralization and most of the disseminated ores. A distinctive plagioclase-bearing lherzolite containing both orthopyroxene and olivine as cumulus phases is a characteristic of the Lower Intrusion and the Basal Series of the Upper. The intrusions differ slightly in olivine and spinel chemistry, the differences being largely attributable to the more orthocumulate character of the Lower Intrusion. Sector zoning in Cr content of pyroxenes is observed in the Lower Intrusion and in the lower marginal zone of the Upper and is attributed to crystallization under supercooled conditions. Symplectite pyroxene-spinel-amphibole coronas at olivine-plagioclase contacts are ubiquitous and are attributed to near-solidus peritectic reaction between olivine, plagioclase, and liquid during and after high-pressure emplacement, consistent with high Al contents in igneous pyroxenes and estimates of the peak regional metamorphism. Original cumulus olivines had compositions around Fo86 and were variably Ni depleted, interpreted as the result of preintrusion equilibration with sulfide liquid. The Upper and Lower Intrusion rocks represent cumulates from a similar parental magma, a high-Al tholeiite with MgO between 10 and 12%, low TiO2 (0.5–0.6%), and high Al2O3 (14–17%). Modeling using alphaMELTS indicates a primary water content of around 2 wt %. The cumulates of both intrusions were derived via multiple magma pulses of liquid-olivine-sulfide slurries with variable amounts of orthopyroxene emplaced into the deep crust at pressures of around 0.7 GPa during the peak of regional metamorphism. The intrusions developed initially as a bifurcating sill, the lower arm developing into the ore-bearing Lower Intrusion chonolith and the upper arm inflating into the cyclically layered Upper Intrusion.
Pengetahuan dan Sikap Suami Terhadap Perawatan Bayi Di Desa Sijungkang Kecamatan Angkola Timur Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan
Authors: Yanti Efrida 
Published: August 2021

Periode setelah kelahiran merupakan awal kehidupan bayi, namun merupakan hal yang sulit bagi bayi karena perubahan lingkungan kehidupan dari lingkungan kehidupan intrauterin menjadi ekstrauterin yang sangat berbeda. Dimana di dalam uterus , janin hidup dan tumbuh dengan segala kenyamanan karena dia hidup dari hari kehari tanpa upaya dari dirinya sendiri. Di luar uterus diawali dengan proses persalinan yang merupakan suatu keadaan yang tidak nyaman bagi bayi. Proses penyesuaian ini merupakan masa sulit bagi bayi. Untuk itu bayi memerlukan perawatan yang optimal selama masa ini. Istri atau ibu tidak selalu dapat melakukan perawatan sendiri untuk bayinya, oleh sebab itu dibutuhkan partisipasi suami dalam perawatan yang optimal kepada bayi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengetahuan dan sikap suami terhadap perawatan bayi di Desa Sijungkang Kecamatan Angkola Timur Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan. Desain penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan besar sampel sebanyak 34 suami yang memiliki bayi dengan metode pengambilan sampel total sampling. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh, umur suami terbanyak umur 26-30 tahun 18 orang (52,9%), pendidikan suami terbanyak SMA/Sederajat 17 orang (50%), pekerjaan suami terbanyak wiraswasta 17 orang (50%), sumber informasi yang didapat suami mengenai perawatan bayi terbanyak berasal dari sumber lain (keluarga,teman,masyarakat) 17 orang (50%). Berdasarkan kategori pengetahuan suami menunjukkan mayoritas suami yang memiliki bayi mempunyai pengetahuan cukup tentang perawatan bayi yaitu 18 orang suami (52,9%). Berdasarkan kategori sikap suami menunjukkan seluruh suami yang memiliki bayi mempunyai sikap positif tentang perawatan bayi yaitu 34 orang suami (100%). Dengan demikian penyampaian informasi dan penyuluhan kesehatan oleh tenaga kesehatan masih diperlukan untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan sikap yang baik tentang perawatan bayi.
KECERDASAN VERBAL DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Febriani Nur Arfiyah , Rahmawati Sri Tuti 
Published: August 2021

The conclusions of this dissertation are: Verbal intelligence from the perspective of the Koran carries a transcendental transformative informative theory. This is based on the qaul (verbal) expression which is informative which means ensuring the meaning of the message reaches the communicant, with several types of expressions, such as: 1. Qaul Maisûr/phrases that are easy to understand, 2. Qaul Baligh/phrases whose message is conveyed, and; 3. Qaul Ma'ruf /expressions with attention to local culture. As for Qaul which is transformative, which means speech that is able to change the communicant to the understanding and application of Islamic teachings which is better used by the Koran with the words: 1. Qaul Sadîd /words/words that are on target, 2. Qaul Ahsan/speech or the best words, 3. Qaul Tsâbit/strong and lasting speech, 4. Qaul Layyin/uangkap who is gentle, 5. Qaul Thayyib/good expressions or speech (diction is not dirty), and; 6. Qaul Salâm/expressions or sayings that are full of peace. Qaul that is transcendental is Qaul al-Haqq/haqq speech (based on Islamic texts), namely: 1. Qaul Fashl /words from wise thoughts to reveal what is haqq and what is falsehood, 2. Qaul Tsâqil /yang means heavy utterances that are full of divine values, 3. Qaul Râdhiyan/sayings or expressions that are blessed by Allah, 4. Qaul 'Adzim words or expressions of great value with Allah, and 5. Qaul Karîm: sayings or words that are noble.
This dissertation also reveals that the purpose of transformation in verbal communication can be realized if there is an interrelation between communicators (Surat ar-Rahman/55: 4), methods (Surat an-Nahl/16: 125), material (Surat al-Isra '/17: 36) and the communicants (Surat an-Nisa '/4: 164).The theory of verbal intelligence from the perspective of the Koran is an interrelation theory that combines the informative theory introduced by Claude Shannon (1948) and the transformative theory introduced by (Jack Mezirow (1978), "transformative learning refers to the process in which a person changes the accepted framework. able to change emotionally, and reflectively so that it can generate confidence in thinking and implemented in the form of action.
Verbal intelligence with transcendental transformative informative theory in this dissertation is different from the opinion of Henry H. Calero (2005) who is more concerned with actions than words, as well as with Howard Gardner.
This dissertation uses a qualitative method, while the method of interpretation used in this dissertation is the thematic interpretation method (maudhu'i). This method was chosen because it can reveal the perspective of the Koran regarding verbal intelligence that is adaptive to contemporary communication needs
Reviewer Acknowledgements for English Linguistics Research, Vol. 10, No. 3
Authors: Su Camille 
Published: August 2021

English Linguistics Research (ELR) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether ELR publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue. Reviewers for Volume 10, Number 3 Alina Andreea Dragoescu Urlica, University of Life Sciences, RomaniaNeda Chepinchikj, University of New South Wales (UNSW), AustraliaPeace Chinwendu Israel, University of Education, GhanaYuehai Xiao, Hunan Normal University, ChinaYuemin Wang, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Best Regards,Camille SuEditorial Assistant, English Linguistics ResearchSciedu Press*************************************Add: 9140 Leslie St. Suite 110, Beaver Creek, Ontario, L4B 0A9, CanadaTel: 1-416-479-0028 ext. 210Fax: 1-416-642-8548E-mail 1: elr@sciedupress.com E-mail 2: elr@sciedupress.org Website: http://elr.sciedupress.com
Procedurele rechtvaardigheid in de strafrecht­keten
Authors: van Hall Matthias , Dirkzwager Anja , van der Laan Peter , Nieuwbeerta Paul 
Published: August 2021

Procedural justice in the criminal justice chain
It has been proposed that when people perceive their treatment by criminal justice actors as more procedurally just, they will be more likely to comply with the law. Existing research mainly focused on the police or the judge. This longitudinal study examined how prisoners experienced their treatment by five different criminal justice actors using data from the Prison Project. The prisoners were most positive about the procedurally fair treatment by their lawyer and least positive about the treatment by the police. Additionally, the perceived treatment by the police was associated with the treatment by other actors at subsequent moments.
Minorías étnicas, desigualdad y educación en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Pérez Mora Ricardo 
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo se dirige a analizar algunas condiciones de desigualdad estudiantes indígenas en el marco de la pandemia ocasionada por el COVID-19 en una universidad pública estatal en México. Se presenta algunos datos del contexto para problematizar sobre dichas desigualdades. A partir de ello se contruyen 3 categorías analíticas para conocer las condiciones de los estudiantes: condiciones generales, condiciones de acceso y condiciones subjetivas. Los datos se obtuvieron a través de un cuestionario que respondieron 104,141 estudiantes de los cuales 968 se autodefinieron como pertenecientes a un pueblo indígena. El estudio muestra las profundas desigualdades que afectan a las minorías étnicas que se intertan como estudiantes a la educación superior, desigualdades que se agravaron en el periodo de la pandemia.
Gender Differences in Nutritional Status of Children in Tea Gardens of Darjeeling: Based on Conventional Indices and Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure
Authors: Subba Dipika 
Published: August 2021

Objectives: The study aims to assess the nutritional status of children aged 1-5 years and its relationship with gender. Further, it also tries to assess the nutritional status of children using conventional indices and the composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF) and suggests the appropriate method to estimate undernutrition among children.
Materials and Methods: The area selected for the study is the tea gardens of Darjeeling. The study is based on the primary survey, and a total of 400 children were included in the study. A Chi-square test is conducted to find out the differences in the nutritional status of children gender-wise.
Results: The analysis indicated that the level of undernutrition in tea gardens of Darjeeling is very high (51%). The level of undernutrition estimated through conventional indices indicated that the level of stunting, wasting, and underweight are 43.8%, 20.2%, and 36.2%, respectively, whereas the composite index of anthropometric failure estimated more prevalence rate (51.2%). The analysis indicates that the conventional indices underestimate the prevalence of undernutrition. On the contrary, a composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF) gives better estimates of undernutrition. Both the indices of nutrition in the study area indicated higher undernutrition among girl children than a boy. However, no significant differences in the nutritional status gender-wise exist.
Conclusion: The result depicts the positive sign as it contradicts the general belief that a boy child is more nourished than a girl. However, half of the children in tea gardens of Darjeeling aged 1-5 years, irrespective of gender, are undernourished. The paper highlights the urgent need to work out nutritional strategies to improve child health in the study area.
A review of swarm intelligence algorithms deployment for scheduling and optimization in cloud computing environments
Authors: Qawqzeh Yousef , Alharbi Mafawez T. , Jaradat Ayman , Abdul Sattar Khalid Nazim 
Published: August 2021

Background
This review focuses on reviewing the recent publications of swarm intelligence algorithms (particle swarm optimization (PSO), ant colony optimization (ACO), artificial bee colony (ABC), and the firefly algorithm (FA)) in scheduling and optimization problems. Swarm intelligence (SI) can be described as the intelligent behavior of natural living animals, fishes, and insects. In fact, it is based on agent groups or populations in which they have a reliable connection among them and with their environment. Inside such a group or population, each agent (member) performs according to certain rules that make it capable of maximizing the overall utility of that certain group or population. It can be described as a collective intelligence among self-organized members in certain group or population. In fact, biology inspired many researchers to mimic the behavior of certain natural swarms (birds, animals, or insects) to solve some computational problems effectively.

Methodology
SI techniques were utilized in cloud computing environment seeking optimum scheduling strategies. Hence, the most recent publications (2015–2021) that belongs to SI algorithms are reviewed and summarized.

Results
It is clear that the number of algorithms for cloud computing optimization is increasing rapidly. The number of PSO, ACO, ABC, and FA related journal papers has been visibility increased. However, it is noticeably that many recently emerging algorithms were emerged based on the amendment on the original SI algorithms especially the PSO algorithm.

Conclusions
The major intention of this work is to motivate interested researchers to develop and innovate new SI-based solutions that can handle complex and multi-objective computational problems.