bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolocumab for early reduction of LDL-C levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Qiu Xiaohui , Liang Yeyuan , Wei Yunfei , Lu Mengru , Mei Yujia , Tang Shiting , Tang Jian , Liang Jinyu , Liang Junli 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundLow-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) has been determined as an established risk factor for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Despite the recommendation for in-hospital initiation of high-intensity statin therapy in AIS patients, achieving the desired target LDL-C levels remains challenging. Evolocumab, a highly effective and quickly acting agent for reducing LDL-C levels, has yet to undergo extensively exploration in the acute phase of AIS. The aim was to assess the LDL-C reduction efficacy and safety of early application of evolocumab during the in-hospital phase of AIS patients.MethodsAn unblinded, single-center, prospective randomized controlled trial involving hospitalized AIS patients was conducted in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University in China. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive evolocumab 420 mg every 4 weeks or not, on top of standard of care (SOC) treatment (atorvastatin 40 mg/day and ezetimibe 10 mg/day), administered in-hospital until after 8 weeks. The primary outcome was the absolute change of LDL-C levels and the rate of achieving targeted lipid control at 8 weeks.ResultsTotally, 120 patients were recruited from January 2023 to December 2023. Mean LDL-C levels decreased from 3.15 mmol/L to 0.85 mmol/L in the evolocumab group, and from 3.17 mmol/L to 2.22 mmol/L in the control group, with the difference in mean change from baseline was −1.37 [95% confidence interval (CI) = −1.70 to −1.04, p &lt; 0.001] at week 8. The rate of patients achieving targeted LDL-C &lt;1.4 mmol/L was 81.67% in evolocumab group as compared with 13.33% in control group. Adverse events were similar in both groups.ConclusionOur study indicated that evolocumab added to high-intensity statin and ezetimibe therapy resulted in substantial reduction in LDL-C levels in early AIS patients and was well tolerated.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT05697185.
Multiple burr hole and erythropoietin combination therapy: optimal early surgical intervention for patients with acute stroke episode of moyamoya disease or moyamoya syndrome
Authors: Lee Yeonhu , Lee Jin Soo , Lee Seong-Joon , Hong Ji Man , Lim Yong Cheol 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveThe optimal timing of bypass surgery for patients with moyamoya disease (MMD) or moyamoya syndrome (MMS) following an acute stroke episode remains unclear, mainly owing to the risk of postoperative complications. In this study, we aim to validate the safety and efficacy of early intervention using multiple burr hole (MBH) and erythropoietin (EPO) therapy, thereby refining the management strategy for patients with acute stroke episode of MMD or MMS.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed data from 70 patients with MMD or MMS who underwent MBH and EPO therapy. The cohort was divided based on the time interval between the latest neurological deterioration and surgery: early (&lt;30 days) and later (≥30 days) groups. We evaluated and compared perioperative clinical parameters and the extent of neovascularization on a 6-month postoperative angiography. Long-term clinical outcomes, including transient ischemic attack (TIA), infarction, hemorrhage, and seizure, were also analyzed during the follow-up period.ResultsIn the cohort, 36 patients (51.4%) were in the early group, whereas 34 (48.6%) were in the later group. The 6-month follow-up angiography demonstrated that 34/47 hemispheres (72.3%) in the early group exhibited successful neovascularization (≥2/3 of MCA territories) compared with the 19/44 (43.2%) hemispheres in the later group (odds ratio [OR] = 3.44; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.46–8.45; p &lt; 0.01). In addition, a notable reduction (≥50%) in basal moyamoya vessels was observed in 30/47 hemispheres (63.8%) from the early group vs. 12/44 (27.3%) hemispheres from the later group (OR = 4.71; 95% CI: 1.97–11.82; p &lt; 0.001). During the average follow-up of 56.5 months, only six patients experienced infarction or hemorrhage.ConclusionOur dataset suggests that MBH and EPO combination therapy is an effective, minimally invasive, and acceptable treatment, even in the early period of patients with MMD or MMS following an acute stroke episode.
Meta-analyses of the effects of high-intensity interval training in elite athletes — part II: relationships between the mean effects on various performance measures
Authors: Wiesinger Hans-Peter , Hopkins Will G. , Haller Nils , Blumkaitis Julia , Strepp Tilmann , Stöggl Thomas Leonhard 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionOur recent meta-analyses have demonstrated that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) causes a range of mean changes in various measures and predictors of endurance and sprint performance in athletes. Here, we extend the analyses to relationships between mean changes of these measures and consider implications for understanding and improving HIIT that were not apparent in the previous analyses.MethodsThe data were mean changes from HIIT with highly trained endurance and elite other (mainly team sport) athletes in studies where two or more measures or predictors of performance were available. Relationships between changes in pairs of measures were visualized in scatterplots with points identified by aerobic and anaerobic types of HIIT; simple linear relationships were quantified via log-transformation of factor changes with a meta-regression mixed model.ResultsIn endurance athletes, there were positive linear relationships between mean changes in time-trial speed/power (reflecting competition endurance performance) and mean changes in endurance performance predictors [peak speed/power, maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max), and aerobic/anaerobic threshold]. There were substantial differences in time-trial speed/power between studies not explained by each predictor. Exercise economy had an unclear relationship with time-trial speed/power but a decisively negative relationship with V̇O2max. In other athletes, repeated-sprint ability had a weak positive relationship with sprint speed/power. The scatter of points in some plots was associated with the type of HIIT.DiscussionDifferences in time-trial performance between studies for a given change in peak speed/power, V̇O2max, or threshold speed/power imply that time trials should be included when assessing effects of HIIT on endurance performance. Relationships between V̇O2max, time-trial speed/power, and exercise economy suggest that combining aerobic and anaerobic types of HIIT could be more effective for endurance performance. Sprints and repeated-sprint ability are important performance measures for team-sport athletes; their poor relationship implies that both should be measured when assessing HIIT.Clinical Trial Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=236384
Not on the same wavelength? How autistic traits influence cooperation: evidence from fNIRS hyperscanning
Authors: Li Kaiyun , Du Bang , Guan Xue , Chen Liu , Wang Mingxue , Chen Gongxiang , Jia Fanlu , Jiang Xiaoqing 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundIndividuals with high autistic traits exhibit characteristics like those of individuals with autism, including impairments in sociability and communication skills. Whether individuals with high autistic traits exhibit less cooperation remains debated.MethodsThis study employed the prisoner’s dilemma game (PDG) to measure cooperation in 56 dyads, including 27 with high-low (HL) autistic traits and 29 with low-low (LL) autistic traits, using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) hyperscanning technique. Cognitive and emotional empathy were also measured.ResultsIndividuals with high autistic traits had a lower unilateral cooperation rate than did those with low autistic traits; The HL autistic dyads exhibited a lower mutual cooperation rate and reduced interpersonal brain synchronization (IBS) in the right inferior parietal lobule (r-IPL) and right temporoparietal junction (r-TPJ) compared with the LL autistic dyads; Individuals with high autistic traits had significantly lower cognitive empathy scores than did those with low autistic traits, and the cognitive empathy scores had a marginally significant positive correlation with the unilateral cooperation rate and a marginally significant negative correlation with the activation of the right inferior frontal gyrus (r-IFG); Emotional empathy scores did not significantly differ between the high and low autistic groups, and there was a significant positive correlation between emotional empathy scores and the activation of the r-IFG in individuals with high autistic traits.ConclusionThis study revealed abnormal cooperation in individuals with high autistic traits from unilateral and mutual behavior neural perspectives, potentially linked to a disability of cognitive empathy.
Effect of two teaching methods on nursing students' acquisition of patient-centered communication competence in older people care: a cluster randomized trial
Authors: Cortés-Rodríguez Alda Elena , López-Rodríguez María Mar , Roman Pablo , Granero-Molina José , Fernández-Sola Cayetano , Hernández-Padilla José Manuel 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionPatient-centered communication is an essential skill in nursing, particularly in the care of older adult patients. However, generation Z nursing students, who primarily communicate through digital platforms, face unique challenges in adapting to traditional face-to-face communication with older adults. As a result, there is a need for teaching methods that align with this generation's learning style to enhance their communication skills. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of two teaching methods—standardized patient simulation and role-play—on nursing students' acquisition of patient-centered communication competence in older people care.MethodsA controlled cluster-randomized trial was conducted with 124 nursing students, divided into eight teaching groups. Students participated in either a standardized patient simulation or a role-play workshop, each consisting of a 1.5-h online module and a 1.5-h face-to-face session. The three components of patient-centered communication competence—knowledge, skills, and self-efficacy—were assessed using simulated scenarios at pre-test, post-test, and 6-week follow-up. Between-group and within-group differences were measured based on the number of students who achieved competence.ResultsBoth interventions significantly improved students' knowledge, skills, and self-efficacy in patient-centered communication between pre- and post-tests, with improvements maintained at follow-up. No significant differences were found between the two methods.ConclusionsBoth standardized patient simulation and role-play are effective in enhancing patient-centered communication competence in older people care. However, neither method was found to be superior in teaching knowledge, skills, or self-efficacy.
Case Report: Filamin C gene mutation associated with restrictive cardiomyopathy leading to heart transplantation
Authors: Sales Ludmila De Oliveira Jaime , Gutierrez Paulo Sampaio , Siqueira Adailson Wagner D. , Jatene Marcelo Biscegli , Azeka Estela 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundCardiomyopathy is a disease that affects the myocardium and can be classified as dilated, restrictive, or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Among the subtypes, restrictive cardiomyopathy is characterized by restriction of ventricular filling and its uncommon cause is a disease due to mutation on Filamin C (FLNC) gene. Filamin C is an actin-binding protein encoded by FLNC gene and participates in sarcomere stability maintenance, which is expressed on the striated muscle. FLNC variants have been associated with restrictive cardiomyopathy and non-compaction cardiomyopathies. The association of FLNC with a broad spectrum of cardiac phenotypes shows an important gap in knowledge. Therefore, a wide investigation is necessary to diagnose this pathology, including an anatomopathological study and genetic tests.Methods/resultsThe purpose of this study is to report about a patient who had restrictive cardiomyopathy due to mutation on Filamin C gene and was indicated for heart transplantation.ConclusionThe etiology of cardiomyopathy is important for the clinical management of the patient and also for guiding families regarding genetic counseling and prevention of new cases in the family.
Effects of ultrasound-guided stellate ganglion block on intrapulmonary shunt and oxygenation in patients with single-lung ventilation
Authors: Zhu Guoshao , Su Changsheng , Kang Zhenming , Zeng Jingyang , Li Shunyuan 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundSingle-lung ventilation (SLV) is a widely used procedure in thoracic surgery; however, it can lead to hypoxemia, which is attributed to intrapulmonary shunt and hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. Stellate ganglion blockade (SGB) has shown protective effects during SLV in various pulmonary conditions. The objective of the study was to assess the clinical utility of ultrasound-guided SGB in patients undergoing thoracoscopic pulmonary lobectomy through a prospective clinical trial.MethodsThis prospective randomized controlled double-blind trial included 116 patients who underwent SLV. After exclusion, 88 patients were randomly assigned to either the SGB group (n = 40) or control group (n = 39), with the latter receiving no SGB. Hemodynamics using oxygenation index (OI) and the pulmonary shunt fraction (Qs/Qt), respiratory mechanics using dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn) and mean airway pressure (Pmean), and levels of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-6 and IL-8) were assessed as clinical outcomes after surgery.ResultsSLV induced upregulation of Pmean, Qs/Qt, and levels of IL-6 and IL-8 and downregulation of Cdyn and OI. Compared to the control group, the SGB group demonstrated significantly decreased Pmean, Qs/Qt, IL-6, and IL-8 and increased Cdyn and OI, suggesting the protective effects of SGB in patients who received SLV.ConclusionsUltrasound-guided SGB improves respiratory mechanics, hemodynamics, and inflammatory responses during SLV. Our findings suggest a protective role of SGB in reducing complications associated with SLV.Clinical Trial RegistrationThe study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (#ChiCTR2200063210).
Genome-Wide Microsatellites in Acanthopagrus latus: Development, Distribution, Characterization, and Polymorphism
Authors: Peng Chao , Luo Congqiang , Xiang Guangqing , Huang Jiezhen , Shao Liye , Huang Haihong , Fan Sigang 
Published: December 2024

The yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus) is an economically important commercial mariculture fish in China and Southeast Asia. Only a few simple sequence repeats (SSRs) of A. latus have been isolated and reported, which has hindered breeding progress. A total of 318,862 SSRs were isolated and characterized from the A. latus genome in this study. All SSRs were 9,069,670 bp in length, accounting for 1.32% of the genome. The density and frequency of SSRs were 468.40 loci/Mb and 13,323.19 bp/Mb, respectively. The major SSRs were dinucleotides (accounting for 76.92%), followed by trinucleotides (15.75%). The most abundant SSR motif was (AC)n (168,390, accounting for 53%), with the highest frequency (245.78 loci/Mb) and density (7304.18 bp/Mb). Most SSRs were located in non-coding regions, such as intergenic regions (34.54%) and introns (56.91%). SSR-containing exons were distributed into 51 gene ontology (GO) terms and significantly enriched in immunity- and growth-related pathways. A total of 217,791 SSR markers were successfully designed. Nine SSR markers were amplified in 29 A. latus individuals, and eight of them possess high polymorphism. The cross-species transferability of 33 out of the 37 tested loci were successfully amplified in Acanthopagrus schlegelii. These results lay the foundation for the molecular marker-assisted breeding and genetic information assessment of A. latus.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT KEPATUHAN KONSUMSI OBAT ANTI MALARIA TERHADAP KEJADIAN MALARIA PADA IBU HAMIL
Authors: Abimulyani Yumi , Yogi Ruth , Kainde Yuliana Yacinta , Mansyur Tri Novianty , Siregar Neny San Agustina 
Published: December 2024

Malaria adalah permasalahan kesehatan yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat di seluruh dunia, baik di daerah tropis maupun sub-tropis. Penyakit ini dapat menyerang siapa saja tanpa memandang usia dan jenis kelamin, termasuk ibu hamil. Malaria pada masa kehamilan memiliki dampak yang sangat berat terhadap kesehatan ibu dan janin, baik dari segi morbiditas maupun mortalitas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat kepatuhan konsumsi obat anti malaria melalui program pencegahan malaria pada kehamilan secara berkala (PEMILA-OAM) dalam menurunkan kejadian malaria pada ibu hamil. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan retrospektif. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 281 orang ibu hamil yang dipilih dengan pemilihan sampel menggunakan sampel jenuh. Pengumpulan data dengan rekam medik pada ibu hamil yang menerima program PEMILA-OAM yang telah bersalin pada bulan Oktober 2022 sampai dengan Maret 2023. Variabel independen pada penelitian ini adalah tingkat kepatuhan konsumsi obat anti malaria dan variabel dependen kejadian malaria pada ibu hamil. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa Chi-Square menghasilkan nilai p-value sebesar 0.000 yang menunjukkan bahwa nilai tersebut lebih kecil α-value 0.05 dan OR sebesar 23.899. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan tingkat kepatuhan konsumsi obat antimalaria melalui program pencegahan malaria pada kehamilan (PEMILA-OAM) dalam menurunkan kejadian malaria Ibu hamil serta mengurangi resiko kejadian malaria sebesar 23 kali dibandingkan ibu hamil yang tidak mengikuti program PEMILA-OAM secara teratur.
Proposição de um índice de ciclabilidade para Belo Horizonte (Brasil) sob a ótica de especialistas em mobilidade urbana
Authors: Fernandes Cardoso Isabella , Cardoso Leandro , Teixeira Lacerda Gabriel , Moreira Barros Ryane , Chuerubim Maria Lígia , Antunes Lessa Daniela , De Castro Botelho Lanza Vinicius , Freitas Caputo Oliveira Daniel 
Published: December 2024

O processo de urbanização das metrópoles brasileiras se caracterizou pela predominância dos modos de transporte motorizados e individuais, gerando, até os dias atuais, graves problemas de mobilidade. Belo Horizonte, capital do Estado de Minas Gerais (Brasil), se afigura como um exemplo esclarecedor desses processos, uma vez que a cidade apresenta significativas carências em termos de infraestruturas de apoio à mobilidade ativa, especialmente para ciclistas. Nesse contexto, este artigo visa adaptar um índice de ciclabilidade desenvolvido para Belo Horizonte, originalmente pautado na percepção de ciclistas, porém, a partir da ótica de especialistas em mobilidade urbana, de forma a contribuir com outros estudos teóricos e podendo servir de base para políticas públicas a partir da sua aplicação em parte de uma metrópole brasileira. Para tanto, foram aplicados questionários visando identificar a percepção desses especialistas acerca de indicadores de ciclabilidade e, então, critérios de avaliação foram definidos para cada um dos indicadores. O índice de ciclabilidade foi aplicado na região denominada Hipercentro de Belo Horizonte e, por meio dos resultados obtidos, pode-se verificar que a área de estudo obteve uma avaliação ruim, indicando a necessidade de diversas melhorias nessa área da cidade, especialmente em se tratando de infraestrutura viária.
THE IMPACT OF GYM ENVIRONMENT ON THE FITNESS BEHAVIOR OF SINGLE INDIVIDUALS: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS BASED ON PERCEIVED VALUE THEORY
Authors: Yang Na 
Published: December 2024

With changes in social structure and lifestyle, single individuals are becoming an increasingly influential demographic in society. This paper aims to explore the fitness choices and needs of singles aged 20–35 in Shanghai, as well as the impact of this group on the development prospects of the gym industry. Through surveys and analysis, we found that single individuals prioritize personalization, flexibility, and social interaction in their fitness choices. They tend to participate in diverse fitness activities and seek opportunities for socializing during workouts. This trend presents both challenges and opportunities for the gym industry. To meet the needs of single people, gyms should adapt their services and facilities to offer more personalized and diverse fitness options. Integrating social and interactive elements into fitness activities can foster a more appealing fitness community that caters to the time and space preferences of single individuals. By gaining a deeper understanding of the fitness preferences, gym environment expectations, willingness to spend, and overall fitness experiences of single people, the gym industry can better anticipate market trends, develop more targeted business strategies, and promote sustainable growth. This study provides valuable insights and guidance for the future development of the gym industry.
RESEARCH ON THE INFLUENCE OF INCLUSIVE LEADERSHIP ON THE PROACTIVE BEHAVIOR OF EMPLOYEES IN SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED SERVICE ENTERPRISES
Authors: Ou Youli 
Published: December 2024

The proactive behavior of employees significantly influences the growth and development of enterprises. The openness, utility, and accessibility of inclusive leadership can effectively stimulate employees’ proactive behaviors, encouraging their active participation in initiatives aimed at achieving organizational goals and ultimately enhancing the benefits derived by the enterprise. However, scholarly research has yet to thoroughly investigate the mechanism of the relationship between inclusive leadership and employees’ proactive behavior. Based on social cognition theory and social identity theory, this paper focuses on employees of small and medium-sized enterprises within the service industry to examine the relationship between inclusive leadership and employees’ proactive behavior. It further analyzes the mediating effect of insider identity perception within this relationship as well as the moderating effect of leadership identity. Empirical data verification indicates that inclusive leadership positively influences employees’ proactive behavior and perception of insider identity. The perception of insider identity mediates the relationship between inclusive leadership and employees’ proactiveness, whereas leadership identity moderates the effect of inclusive leadership on this perception. The findings of this study offer valuable insights for enterprises aiming to foster inclusive leadership and encourage proactive behavior among employees.
TEACHERS' PERCEPTIONS AND CHALLENGES TOWARDS ONLINE TEACHING DURING COVID-19 AT TUTORING SCHOOLS IN BANGKOK, THAILAND
Authors: Zhang Jun Jie , Thanavisuth Chayada 
Published: December 2024

This research investigates teachers’ perceptions and concerns regarding online teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic using a quantitative research methodology. The results revealed three primary factors that significantly impact teachers’ perceptions of online teaching. Although teachers had generally positive attitudes towards online teaching methods for language learning, the key challenges included limited interaction between teachers and students, unstable internet, and insufficient computer skills to navigate online teaching platforms. Overall, teachers acknowledged the numerous advantages of online teaching methods compared to traditional classroom approaches. However, issues such as limited interaction and technical difficulties significantly undermined the quality of online teaching.