bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurobiological Pathways Linking Acute Mental Stress to Impairments in Executive Function in Individuals with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Moazzami Kasra , Wittbrodt Matthew T. , Lima Bruno B. , Kim Jeong Hwan , Almuwaqqat Zakaria , Shah Amit J. , Hajjar Ihab , Goldstein Felicia C. , Levey Allan I. , Nye Jonathon A. , Bremner J. Douglas , Vaccarino Viola , Quyyumi Arshed A. 
Published: January 2021

Background: Individuals with coronary artery disease (CAD) have worse executive function compared to the general population but the mechanisms are unknown. Objective: To investigate the role of acute mental stress (MS) on the executive function of patients with CAD. Methods: Participants with stable CAD underwent acute MS testing with simultaneous peripheral vascular function measurements and brain imaging using high resolution-positron emission tomography. Digital pulse wave amplitude was continuously measured using peripheral artery tonometry (PAT, Itamar Inc). Stress/rest PAT ratio (sPAT) of pulse wave amplitude during MS/baseline was calculated as a measure of microvascular constriction during MS. Plasma levels of catecholamine and interleukin-6 were assessed at baseline and after MS. Executive function was assessed both at baseline and at 2 years follow-up using the Trail Making Test parts A and B. Results: We studied 389 individuals with brain data available for 148 participants. Of this population follow-up cognitive assessments were performed in 226 individuals (121 with brain imaging). After multivariable adjustment for baseline demographics, risk factors, and medication use, a lower sPAT, indicating greater vasoconstriction, a higher inferior frontal lobe activation with MS, and increases in norepinephrine and IL-6 levels with MS were all independently associated with greater time to complete Trail B test.-38.4pt Conclusion: In response to acute MS, greater peripheral vasoconstriction, higher inferior frontal lobe brain activation, and increases in the levels of norepinephrine and IL-6 are associated with worse executive function.
Comparison of single and multiple joint muscle functions and neural drive of trained athletes and untrained individuals
Authors: Mehmet Kale 
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: There is insufficient knowledge about the rate of force development (RFD) characteristics over both single and multiple joint movements and the electromechanical delay (EMD) values obtained in athletes and untrained individuals. OBJECTIVE: To compare single and multiple joint functions and the neural drive of trained athletes and untrained individuals. METHODS: Eight trained athletes and 10 untrained individuals voluntarily participated to the study. The neuromuscular performance was assessed during explosive and maximum voluntary isometric contractions during leg press and knee extension related to single and multiple joint. Explosive force and surface electromyography of eight superficial lower limb muscles were measured in five 50-ms time windows from their onset, and normalized to peak force and electromyography activity at maximum voluntary force, respectively. The EMD was determined from explosive voluntary contractions (EVC’s). RESULTS: The results showed that there were significant differences in absolute forces during knee extension maximum voluntary force and EVC’s ([Formula: see text] 0.01) while trained athletes achieved greater relative forces than untrained individuals of EVC at all five time points ([Formula: see text] 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The differences in explosive performance between trained athletes and untrained individuals in both movements may be explained by different levels of muscle activation within groups, attributed to variation in biarticular muscle function over both activities.
Long-Term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Cognitive Function Among Hispanic/Latino Adults in San Diego, California
Authors: Ilango Sindana D. , Gonzalez Kevin , Gallo Linda , Allison Matthew A. , Cai Jianwen , Isasi Carmen R. , Hosgood Dean H. , Vasquez Priscilla M. , Zeng Donglin , Mortamais Marion , Gonzalez Hector , Benmarhnia Tarik 
Published: January 2021

Background: Hispanics/Latinos in the United States are more likely to live in neighborhoods with greater exposure to air pollution and are projected to have the largest increase in dementia among race/ethnic minority groups. Objective: We examined the associations of air pollution with performance on cognitive function tests in Hispanic/Latino adults. Methods: We used data from the San Diego site of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, an ongoing cohort of Hispanics/Latinos. This analysis focused on individuals ≥45 years of age who completed a neurocognitive battery examining overall mental status, verbal learning, memory, verbal fluency, and executive function ( n = 2,089). Air pollution (PM2.5 and O3) before study baseline was assigned to participants’ zip code. Logistic and linear regression were used to estimate the associations of air pollution on overall mental status and domain-specific standardized test scores. Models accounted for complex survey design, demographic, and socioeconomic characteristics. Results: We found that for every 10μg/m3 increase in PM2.5, verbal fluency worsened (β: –0.21 [95%CI: –0.68, 0.25]). For every 10 ppb increase in O3, verbal fluency and executive function worsened (β: –0.19 [95%CI: –0.34, –0.03]; β: –0.01 [95%CI: –0.01, 0.09], respectively). We did not identify any detrimental effect of pollutants on other domains. Conclusion: Although we found suggestions that air pollution may impact verbal fluency and executive function, we observed no consistent or precise evidence to suggest an adverse impact of air pollution on cognitive level among this cohort of Hispanic/Latino adults.
Recursive Support Vector Machine Biomarker Selection for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Zhang Fan , Petersen Melissa , Johnson Leigh , Hall James , O’Bryant Sid E. 
Published: January 2021

Background: There is a need for more reliable diagnostic tools for the early detection of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This can be a challenge due to a number of factors and logistics making machine learning a viable option. Objective: In this paper, we present on a Support Vector Machine Leave-One-Out Recursive Feature Elimination and Cross Validation (SVM-RFE-LOO) algorithm for use in the early detection of AD and show how the SVM-RFE-LOO method can be used for both classification and prediction of AD. Methods: Data were analyzed on n = 300 participants ( n = 150 AD; n = 150 cognitively normal controls). Serum samples were assayed via a multi-plex biomarker assay platform using electrochemiluminescence (ECL). Results: The SVM-RFE-LOO method reduced the number of features in the model from 21 to 16 biomarkers and achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.980 with a sensitivity of 94.0% and a specificity of 93.3%. When the classification and prediction performance of SVM-RFE-LOO was compared to that of SVM and SVM-RFE, we found similar performance across the models; however, the SVM-RFE-LOO method utilized fewer markers. Conclusion: We found that 1) the SVM-RFE-LOO is suitable for analyzing noisy high-throughput proteomic data, 2) it outperforms SVM-RFE in the robustness to noise and in the ability to recover informative features, and 3) it can improve the prediction performance. Our recursive feature elimination model can serve as a general model for biomarker discovery in other diseases.
No functional differences in anatomic reconstruction using a one- versus a two-point fixation for distal biceps tendon rupture through a single-incision anterior approach: A prospective randomized trial
Authors: Weißenberger Manuel , Klug Alexander , Heinz Tizian , Rueckl Kilian , Kollenda Hans , Rudert Maximilian , Hoffmann Reinhard , Schmidt-Horlohé Kay 
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: The distal biceps brachii tendon rupture is a rare injury of the musculoskeletal system. Multiple surgical techniques have been described for distal biceps brachii tendon repairs including suture anchors. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of anatomical distal biceps tendon refixation using either one or two suture anchors for reattachment and to determine whether there are significant clinically important differences on the number of anchors used for refixation. METHODS: A monocentric, randomized controlled trial was conducted, including 16 male patients with a mean age of 47.4 years (range, 31.0 to 58.0) in Group 1 (two suture anchors for refixation) and 15 male patients with a mean age of 47.4 (range, 35.0 to 59.0) in Group 2 (one suture anchor for refixation). All surgeries were performed through an anterior approach. The outcome was assessed using the Oxford Elbow Score (OES), the Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS), the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score, the Andrews Carson Score (ACS) and by isokinetic strength measurement for the elbow flexion after six, twelve, 24 and 48 weeks. Radiographic controls were performed after 24 and 48 weeks. RESULTS: No significant differences between both groups were evident at any point during the follow-up period. A continuous improvement in outcome for both groups could be detected, reaching an OES: 46.3 (39.0 to 48.0) vs. 45.5 (30.0 to 48.0), MEPS: 98.0 (85.0 to 100.0) vs. 99.0 (85.0 to 100.0), DASH: 3.1 (0.0 to 16.7) vs. 2.9 (0.0 to 26.7), ACS: 197.0 (175.0 to 200.0) vs. 197.7
Pengaruh Kinerja Keuangan Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Dan Free Cash Flow Sebagai Variabel Moderating Pada Perusahaan Freeport Indonesia, Tbk
Authors: Ramadhani Yesa Cahayaning 
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study is to test and analyze the Effect of Capital Structure, Liquidity, Profitability And Value Of Companies And Free Cash Flow As Moderating Variables.
The population in this study is a Freeport company registered with FCX. The technique of determining the sample is done by using purposive sampling technique, based on certain criteria that is to publish the financial statement as per December 31 which is complete in succession especially in 2004 - 2016 Company which always distributes its dividend in succession during 2004 - 2016. The data source used is secondary data obtained from Annual Report in FCX Global America (Online). Hypothesis testing of research using multiple linear regression analysis technique and MRA Residual.
The results showed that: 1). Capital Structure has no significant effect on Corporate Value, 2). Liquidity significantly affects Corporate Value, 3). Profitability has no significant effect on Corporate Value, 4). Free Cash Flow is not able to significantly moderate the Influence of Capital Structure, Liquidity and Profitability to Corporate Value
O ESTUDO DE IMPACTO DE VIZINHAÇA (EIV) E A GESTÃO URBANA NA CIDADE: O CASO DO EIV DE UMA EMPRESA INDUSTRIAL EM LONDRINA-PR (2016-2017)
Authors: Arôxa Barbara Hayashida , Veiga Léia Aparecida 
Published: January 2021

Com a promulgação da Lei Federal nº 10.257/01, tem-se o Estatuto da Cidade e dos instrumentos que nortearão as ações de planejamento e gestão urbanos. O Estudo de Impacto de Vizinhança/EIV, um importante instrumento indicado no referido estatuto, pode ser entendido como uma ferramenta que pode viabilizar a participação popular nas tomadas de decisão sobre a criação ou ampliação de empreendimentos (públicos ou privados), em termos de aspectos negativos e positivos do empreendimento para a população que vive na porção de alcance direto de determinada atividade urbana ou até mesmo na cidade como um todo. Objetiva-se discutir o EIV elaborado por uma empresa industrial de agrotóxicos localizada na zona leste da cidade de Londrina-PR bem como todo o desenrolar da problemática no transcorrer dos anos de 2016 e 2017 e a inoperância desse instrumento urbanístico frente à ação orquestrada do grande capital. Em uma abordagem qualitativa e com pesquisa do tipo participante, utilizou-se de procedimentos primários e secundários para os levantamentos de informações. Verificou-se por meio do acompanhamento da problemática envolvendo a empresa industrial de agrotóxicos em Londrina-PR, que ações norteadas por interesses do grande capital podem fazer com que o EIV não contribua para um ordenamento do solo justo do ponto de vista territorial, assim como para a efetivação da gestão democrática e a participação popular.
Dampak Kebijakan Bea Masuk Tindakan Pengamanan terhadap Proteksi dan Daya Saing Produk Baja Lapis Aluminium Seng
Authors: Anam Syariful , Solikin Akhmad 
Published: January 2021

Safeguard measures is a trade remedies policies regulated by World Trade Organization (WTO) to recover loss (injury) suffered by domestic industries as a result of liberalization in international trade, as an instrument to protect and increase competitiveness of domestic industries which are still at infant industry stage. In Indonssia, the steel industry sector is designated as a national priority so that its growth must be maintained. Meanwhile, the import surge phenomenon of flat-rolled products from iron or non-alloy steel has threatened the existence of domestic steel industries which produce similar commodities. The Indonesian government responded by setting the Safeguard Measures policy, with the hope that the industry would make structural adjustments during the imposition period so that its competitiveness could be increased. This study uses monthly import data from January 2012 to December 2018 to determine whether the Safeguard Measures has been effective as a protection instrument. To measure competitiveness, Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) method and Trade Specialization Index (TSI) were used. The results of this study show that the policy reduced the import of the same and similar steel products which meant it is effective as an instrument of protection. In addition, there has been an increase in competitiveness even though Indonesia is still a net importer.
Inefisiensi Belanja Pemerintah Daerah di Indonesia: Pendekatan DEA dan Regresi Logit
Authors: Rambe Roosemarina Anggraini 
Published: January 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengukur Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengukur (1) efisiensi relatif penggunaan belanja seluruh pemerintah daerah setiap provinsi di Sumatera, dan (2) efisiensi relatif penggunaan belanja pemerintah kabupaten/kota di provinsi di Sumatera tahun 2016. Input yang digunakan ada dua, yaitu belanja langsung per kapita dan belanja tidak langsung per kapita. Output yang dipakai adalah IPM. Metode pengukuran efisiensi yang digunakan adalah Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), dengan output oriented model berdasarkan variable return to scale (VRS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hanya dua provinsi yang relatif efisien, yaitu Kepulauan Riau dan Bangka Belitung. Kepulauan Riau menjadi provinsi yang relatif paling efisien, sebaliknya Lampung adalah provinsi yang paling tidak efisien. Sementara itu, dalam kategori pemerintah kabupaten/kota yang efisien dalam setiap provinsi, jumlah pemerintah kabupaten/kota yang relatif efisien bervariasi, hanya berkisar 1-5 pemerintah kabupaten/kota. Agar dapat mencapai relatif efisien, pemerintah daerah yang tidak efisien seharusnya meningkatkan IPM seperti yang telah dicapai oleh peer masing-masing.
The Role of Thermal Denudation in Erosion of Ice-Rich Permafrost Coasts in an Enclosed Bay (Gulf of Kruzenstern, Western Yamal, Russia)
Authors: Baranskaya Alisa , Novikova Anna , Shabanova Natalya , Belova Nataliya , Maznev Stepan , Ogorodov Stanislav , Jones Benjamin M. 
Published: January 2021

Coastal erosion in the Arctic has numerous internal and external environmental drivers. Internal drivers include sediment composition, permafrost properties and exposure which contribute to its spatial variability, while changing hydrometeorological conditions act as external drivers and determine the temporal evolution of shoreline retreat. To reveal the relative role of these factors, we investigated patterns of coastal dynamics in an enclosed bay in the southwestern Kara Sea, Russia, namely the Gulf of Kruzenstern, which is protected from open-sea waves by the Sharapovy Koshki Islands. Using multitemporal satellite imagery, we calculated decadal-scale retreat rates for erosional segments of the coastal plain from 1964 to 2019. In the field, we studied and described Quaternary sediments and massive ground-ice beds outcropping in the coastal bluffs. Using data from regional hydrometeorological stations and climate reanalysis (ERA), we estimated changes in the air thawing index, sea ice-free period duration, wind-wave energy and total hydrometeorological stress for the Gulf of Kruzenstern, and compared it to Kharasavey and Marre-Sale open-sea segments north and south of the gulf to understand how the hydrometeorological forcing changes in an enclosed bay. The calculated average shoreline retreat rates along the Gulf in 1964–2010 were 0.5 ± 0.2 m yr−1; the highest erosion of up to 1.7 ± 0.2 m yr−1 was typical for segments containing outcrops of massive ground-ice beds and facing to the northwest. These retreat rates, driven by intensive thermal denudation, are comparable to long-term rates measured along open-sea sites known from literature. As a result of recent air temperature and sea ice-free period increases, average erosion rates rose to 0.9 ± 0.7 m yr−1 in 2010–2019, with extremes of up to 2.4 ± 0.7 m yr−1. The increased mean decadal-scale erosion rates were also associated with higher spatial variability in erosion patterns. Analysis of the air thawing index, wave energy potential and their total effect showed that inside the Gulf of Kruzenstern, 85% of coastal erosion is attributable to thermal denudation associated with the air thawing index, if we suppose that at open-sea locations, the input of wave energy and air thawing index is equal. Our findings highlight the importance of permafrost degradation and thermal denudation on increases in ice-rich permafrost bluff erosion in the Arctic.
Using Health Information Technology to Engage African American Women on Nutrition and Supplement Use During the Preconception Period
Authors: Gardiner Paula , Bickmore Timothy , Yinusa-Nyahkoon Leanne , Reichert Matthew , Julce Clevanne , Sidduri Nireesha , Martin-Howard Jessica , Woodhams Elisabeth , Aryan Jumana , Zhang Zhe , Fernandez Juan , Loafman Mark , Srinivasan Jayakanth , Cabral Howard , Jack Brian W. 
Published: January 2021

ImportanceHealthy nutrition and appropriate supplementation during preconception have important implications for the health of the mother and newborn. The best way to deliver preconception care to address health risks related to nutrition is unknown.MethodsWe conducted a secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial designed to study the impact of conversational agent technology in 13 domains of preconception care among 528 non-pregnant African American and Black women. This analysis is restricted to those 480 women who reported at least one of the ten risks related to nutrition and dietary supplement use.InterventionsAn online conversational agent, called “Gabby”, assesses health risks and delivers 12 months of tailored dialogue for over 100 preconception health risks, including ten nutrition and supplement risks, using behavioral change techniques like shared decision making and motivational interviewing. The control group received a letter listing their preconception risks and encouraging them to talk to a health care provider.ResultsAfter 6 months, women using Gabby (a) reported progressing forward on the stage of change scale for, on average, 52.9% (SD, 35.1%) of nutrition and supplement risks compared to 42.9% (SD, 35.4) in the control group (IRR 1.22, 95% CI 1.03–1.45, P = 0.019); and (b) reported achieving the action and maintenance stage of change for, on average, 52.8% (SD 37.1) of the nutrition and supplement risks compared to 42.8% (SD, 37.9) in the control group (IRR 1.26, 96% CI 1.08–1.48, P = 0.004). For subjects beginning the study at the contemplation stage of change, intervention subjects reported progressing forward on the stage of change scale for 75.0% (SD, 36.3%) of their health risks compared to 52.1% (SD, 47.1%) in the control group (P = 0.006).ConclusionThe scalability of Gabby has the potential to improve women’s nutritional health as an adjunct to clinical care or at the population health level. Further studies are needed to determine if improving nutrition and supplement risks can impact clinical outcomes including optimization of weight.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT01827215.
Exposure to Bisphenol A Analogs and the Thyroid Function and Volume in Women of Reproductive Age—Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Milczarek-Banach Justyna , Rachoń Dominik , Bednarczuk Tomasz , Myśliwiec-Czajka Katarzyna , Wasik Andrzej , Miśkiewicz Piotr 
Published: January 2021

Bisphenols (BPs) are commonly known plastifiers that are widely used in industry. The knowledge about the impact of BPs on thyroid function is scarce. Proper thyroid functioning is especially important for women of reproductive age, as hypothyroidism affects fertility, pregnancy outcomes and the offspring. There are no studies analyzing the influence of BPs on thyroid function and volume in non-pregnant young women. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the relationship between bisphenol A and its 10 analogs (BPS, BPC, BPE, BPF, BPG, BPM, BPP, BPZ, BPFL, and BPBP) on thyroid function and volume in women of reproductive age. Inclusion criteria were: female sex, age 18–40 years. Exclusion criteria were history of any thyroid disease, pharmacotherapy influencing thyroid function, pregnancy or puerperium, and diagnosis of autoimmune thyroid disease during this study. Venous blood was drawn for measurement of thyrotropin (TSH), free thyroxine, thyroid peroxidase antibodies, thyroglobulin antibodies, BPs. Urine samples were analyzed for: ioduria and BPs. Ultrasound examination of thyroid gland was performed. One hundred eighty participants were included into the study. A negative correlation was found between urine BPC and the thyroid volume (R = −0.258; p = 0.0005). Patients with detected urine BPC presented smaller thyroid glands than those with not-detected urine BPC (p = 0.0008). A positive correlation was found between TSH and urine BPC (R = 0.228; p = 0.002). Patients with detected urine BPC presented higher concentrations of TSH versus those with not-detected urine BPC (p = 0.003). There were no relationships between any of serum BPs as well as the other urine BPs and thyroid function and its volume. The only BP that demonstrated the relationship between thyroid function and its volume was BPC, probably because of its chemical structure that most resembles thyroxine. Exposure to this BP may result in the development of hypothyroidism that could have a negative impact on pregnancy and the offspring.