bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Epidemiology of Human Metapneumovirus Infection among Children with Severe Acute Respiratory Infection in Huzhou from 2016 to 2020
Authors: Ji Lei , Chen Liping , xu deshun , Wu Xiaofang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is one of the important pathogens of infant respiratory tract infection. However, the molecular epidemiological information relating to hMPV among children hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) have not been thoroughly studied as yet. To investigate the infection status and genotypes of hMPV among children hospitalized patients with SARI from January 2016 to December 2020 in Huzhou, China. Methods: A nasopharyngeal flocked swab, nasal wash or combination of nasopharyngeal swab and oropharyngeal swab samples were collected from children with SARI in Huzhou from January 2016 to December 2020. RT-PCR was used to detect the nucleic acid of hMPV. F gene was amplified and sequenced for the positive nucleic acid samples of hMPV. The obtained gene sequences were analyzed by MEGA software (version 7.0). Epidemiological data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2010 and service solutions (SPSS) 21.0 software.Results: A total of 1133 children with SARI were collected from 2016 to 2020. Among them, 56 cases were positive for hMPV nucleic acid, with a positive rate of 4.94%. Children under 5 years old accounted for 85.71% of the total positive cases. Higher activity of hMPV infection could be seen in the period in Spring and Winter. and the main epidemic months were December and January-March. The F gene sequences of 28 strains of hMPV were obtained by co-sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis showed that there were A1, B1 and B2 genotypes of hMPV prevalent in Huzhou, and the dominant genotype of hMPV during our study period varied according to surveillance year.Conclusions: HMPV is one of the important pathogens causing acute respiratory virus infection in children in Huzhou, with high incidence in winter and spring seasons and children under the age of 5，A1, B1 and B2 are three prevalent genotypes.
The Prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment Among the Elderly Population based on Spatio-temporal Data in the Yangtze River Delta Region of China
Authors: Shi Luping , Qiu Huiping , Zhou Min , Wang Wei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: With the development of China’s economy, China’s aging process has accelerated. The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the elderly population showed a gradual increase. The Yangtze River Delta Economic Belt plays a very important role in China's economic development. China's seventh national census data show that the aging degree in the Yangtze River Delta is higher than the national average, and the dependency ratio of the elderly population in the Yangtze River Delta also presents the same characteristics. little is known about the prevalence of MCI in the Yangtze River Delta in recent years. It is necessary to summarize and analyze the prevalence and distribution of mild cognitive impairment in the elderly population in the Yangtze River Delta in the past 10 years. This can provide data support for formulating elderly care service policies and is of great significance for promoting healthy aging in China.Methods: By searching the Chinese and English databases to obtain the original research literature on the prevalence of MCI in the elderly population in China. Select the study about the Yangtze River Delta population. Extract relevant data on prevalence in the literature. According to the results of the heterogeneity test, a random-effect model was adopted to estimate the prevalence of MCI, followed by subgroup analyses and meta-regression.Results: A total of 18 articles were included in this study with a total sample size of 33042. In the past decade, the overall prevalence of MCI in the elderly population in the Yangtze River Delta was 18% (95% CI: 15-22%). Spatial distribution results: the prevalence difference between regions was (16%-23%). In the past 10 years, the prevalence of MCI has increased first and then decreased. Analyzed the demographic characteristics, the prevalence of women, low education, old age, rural areas, and no spouse groups was relatively higher. Conclusions: The prevalence of MCI in the Yangtze River Delta region was lower than the national average. There were differences between different regions. Besides, age, gender, and education level were all important factors affecting the prevalence of MCI.
Pancreas before Kidney Transplant in Diabetic Patients with Uremia
Authors: Shyr Bor-Uei , Shyr Bor-Shiuan , Chen Shih-Chin , Shyr Yi-Ming , Wang Shin-E 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Theoretically, pancreas before kidney transplant (PBK) could also be one of the options for those waiting for both pancreas and kidney grafts, but it has never been reported. This study is to clarify the justification and feasibility of PBK. There were 160 cases of pancreas transplant in this study, including 26 (16%) PBK. Rejection (3.8%) of pancreas graft was significantly lower in PBK group, followed by 16.7% in pancreas after kidney transplant (PAK), 29.8% in simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplant (SPK) and 37.0% in pancreas transplant alone (PTA). There was no chronic rejection in PBK and PAK groups. Fasting blood sugar and serum HbA1c levels after PBK were not significantly different from those by other subgroups. The serum C-peptide levels were significantly higher in PBK group than those by other subgroups. The 5-year pancreas graft survival was 100% for PBK and PAK, 97.0% for SPK and 77.9% for PTA. In conclusion, PBK could be a treatment option for patients with diabetes complicated by end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in terms of surgical risks, endocrine function, and immunological and graft survival outcomes. However, given the inferior patient survival outcome, PBK is still not recommended unless SPK and PAK is not available.
Comparison of Complexity of the Switchable Chaotic Systems and its FPGA Implementation
Authors: Yan Shaohui , Wang Qiyu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A four-dimensional chaotic system with complex dynamical properties is constructed via introducing a nonlinear function term. The paper assesses complexity of the system employing equilibrium points, Lyapunov exponent spectrum and bifurcation model. Specially, the coexisting Lyapunov exponent spectrum and the coexisting bifurcation validate the coexistence of attractors. The corresponding complexity characteristics of the system can be analyzed by using C0 and spectral entropy(SE) complexity algorithms, and the most complicated integer-order system is obtained. Furthermore, the circuit which can switch the chaotic attractors is implemented. It is worth noting that the more sophisticated parameters are received by comparing the complexity of the most complicated integer-order chaotic system with corresponding fractional-order chaotic system. Finally, the results of simulation model built in the MATLAB are the same as the hardware verified on the Field-Programmable Gate Array(FPGA) platform, which verify the feasibility of the system.
Nociceptor neurons impair cancer immunosurveillance
Authors: Talbot Sébastien , Balood Mohammad , Ahmadi Maryam , Eichwald Tuany , Majdoubi Abdelilah , Merrison Hannah , Parrin Alexandre , Doyle Benjamin , Lucido Chris , Vermeer Daniel , Huang Siyi , Ji Lexiang , Dai Hongyue , Shu Chengyi , Roversi Katiane , Thomas Sini , Seehus Corey , Foster Simmie , Ahmadi Ali , Rafei Moutih , Rangachari Manu , Thibodeau Jacques , Ghasemlou Nader , Rincon Sonia del , Drapkin Ronny , Vermeer Paola , Woolf Clifford 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Solid tumors are innervated by nerve fibers that arise from the autonomic and sensory peripheral nervous systems. In prostate cancer, doublecortin-expressing neural progenitors initiate autonomic adrenergic neurogenesis1 which facilitates tumor development and dissemination2, via an angiogenic switch that fuels cancer growth3,4. Similarly, a loss of TP53 drives the reprogramming of tumor-innervating sensory nerves into adrenergic neurons in head and neck tumors, which promotes tumor growth5. However, the impact of tumor neo-innervation by pain-initiating sensory neurons remains unclear. We show that melanoma cells interact with nociceptors, increasing neurite outgrowth, responsiveness to noxious ligands, and neuropeptide release. In turn, CGRP, a nociceptor-produced neuropeptide, directly increases exhaustion of cytotoxic CD8+ T-cells (PD1+Lag3+Tim3+IFNγ-), limiting their capacity to eliminate melanoma. Genetic NaV1.8 or TRPV1 lineage ablation, local pharmacological silencing or blockade of neuropeptide release from tumor-innervating nociceptors, and the antagonism of the CGRP receptor RAMP1, all blunt tumor-infiltrating leukocyte exhaustion, and tumor growth, nearly tripling survival of B16F10-inoculated mice. Inversely, CD8+ T-cell exhaustion increased following optogenetic activation of tumor-innervating NaV1.8 neurons+ and was rescued in sensory neuron depleted mice treated with recombinant CGRP. In comparison to wild-type CD8+ T-cells, RAMP1-/- CD8+ T-cells were protected from undergoing exhaustion when co-transplanted into tumor-bearing Rag1 deficient mice. Single-cell RNA sequencing of patient tumors revealed that intratumoral RAMP1-expressing CD8+ T-cells are more exhausted than their RAMP1 negative counterparts. RAMP1 expression in intratumoral CD8+ T-cells was also associated with resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment, while RAMP1 overexpression within the tumor correlated with a worse clinical prognosis. We conclude that reducing CGRP release from tumor-innervating nociceptors, by eliminating its immunomodulatory action on cytotoxic CD8+ T-cells, constitutes a useful strategy to safeguard anti-tumor immunity.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Treatment of Intestinal Ischemia-reperfusion Injury: a Protocol of Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Animal Models
Authors: Zhang Guangru , Suo Shenghong , Liu Zhenzhen , Liu Disheng , Zhao Zhiyu , Ge Long , Leng Yufang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common clinical event. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely used to repair intestinal injury in animal models. However, the effects of MSCs on intestinal I/R injury therapy remain unclear. Thus, we will perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials to evaluate the efficacy of MSCs in animal models of intestinal I/R injury.Methods and analysis: We will search PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Science Citation Index, China National Knowledge Information database, Wanfang Database, and the Chinese Scientific and Technological Journal Database in May 2021. We will include studies that evaluate the two different interventions for target MSCs to be maintained for the degree of histopathologic changes, mortality rate of rats, tumour necrosis factor α, and diamine oxidase. Two reviewers will independently screen titles and abstracts, perform a full article review, and extract study data. We will also use the SYRCLE tool to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. Furthermore, a random-effects meta-analysis will be conducted. Dichotomous and continuous outcomes will be analysed using risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and weighted mean difference with 95% CIs, respectively. For outcomes where different scales or different measurement methods have been used, the standardised mean difference will be applied. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses will be performed to explore the heterogeneity. Stata (version 12.0, Stata Corp, College Station, Texas, USA) will be used to analyse and pool the individual research results.Ethics and dissemination: This systematic review and meta-analysis does not require an ethical approval because no human beings are involved. We aim to publish this systematic review in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021231826
Genome-wide Association Studies Reveal the Genetic Basis of Natural Ionomic Variation in Rice Grain Oryza Sativa Subsp. Indica
Authors: Cu Suong T. , Warnock Nicholas , Pasuquin Julie , Dingkuhn Michael , Stangoulis James 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This study presents a comprehensive study of the genetic bases controlling variation in the rice ionome employing genome-wide association studies (GWAS) with a diverse panel of indica accessions, each genotyped with 5.2 million markers. GWAS was performed for twelve elements including B, Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, P, and Zn and four agronomic traits including days to 50% flowering, grain yield, plant height and thousand grain weight (TGW). GWAS identified 128 loci associated with the grain elements and 57 associated with the agronomic traits. There were sixteen co-localization regions containing QTL for two or more traits. Fourteen grain element quantitative trait loci were stable across growing environments, which can be strong candidates to be used in marker-assisted selection to improve the concentrations of nutritive elements in rice grain. Potential candidate genes were revealed including OsNAS3 controlling the variation of Zn and Co concentrations. The effects of starch synthesis and grain filling on TGW and multiple grain elements were elucidated through the involvement of OsSUS1 and OsGSSB1 genes. Overall, our study provides crucial insights into the genetic basis of ionomic variations in rice and will facilitate improvement in breeding for trace mineral content.
Association of Blood Pressure With Stroke Risk in Chinese Population: A 6-Year Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Yu Qi , Jin Qing-Dong , Chen Yan-Qing , Liu Xin-Ru , Lin Qing-Ying 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective: Previous results on the association between blood pressure(BP) and stroke risk were controversial. We investigated the association of BP with stroke risk in China. Method: We included a total of 5,700 adults aged 40-90 years from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) cohort. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% CIs. Restricted cubic spline analyses were used to explore linear and nonlinear relationships of BP and stroke. Result: With a median follow-up of 6 years, a total of 5,700 individuals were enrolled in our study, of whom 178 developed stroke. Multivariable adjusted Cox models including systolic blood pressure(SBP) and diastolic blood pressure(DBP) showed a strong positive association between SBP and overall stroke. Compared with participants with SBP 0-130 mmHg, the multivariable adjusted HRs[95% CIs] in participants with SBP 130-140, 140-160, 160-180, and ≥180 mmHg were 1.08[0.62-1.89], 2.41[1.51-3.86], 2.21[1.16-4.20], and 3.90[1.78-8.55] for overall stroke; 0.65[0.21-2.04], 3.68[1.73-7.83], 2.51[0.84-7.47], and 5.91[1.69-20.60] for ischemic stroke; 1.26[0.50-3.20], 1.19[0.47-3.04], 2.06[0.66-6.41], and 5.10[1.36-19.20] for hemorrhagic stroke. Restricted cubic spline analyses including SBP and DBP showed linear relationships of SBP with overall, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. No linear or nonlinear relationships of DBP with overall, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke were observed.Conclusion: SBP is independently and directly related to the risk of overall and its subtypes. Besides, the risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke might be higher when SBP were more than 140 mmHg and 160 mmHg.
Assessment of Cleaning Methods on Bacterial Burden of Hospital Privacy Curtains: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Cadogan Kianna , Bashar Sabrin , Magnusson Saul , Patidar Rakesh , Embil John , Gawaziuk Justin , Gawthrop Monika Gawthrop , Liu Song , Kumar Ayush , Logsetty Sarvesh 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are an important global issue, leading to poor patient outcomes. A potential route of transmission of HAIs is through contact with hospital privacy curtains. The aim of this study is to evaluate cleaning on reduction of curtain bacterial burden. In this pilot cluster randomized controlled trial we compared the bacterial burden between three groups of 24 curtains on a regional burn/plastic surgery ward. A control group was not cleaned. Two groups were cleaned at three to four day intervals with either disinfectant spray or wipe. The primary outcome was the difference in mean CFU/cm 2 between day 0 to day 21. The secondary outcome was the proportion of curtains contaminated with Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). By day 21, the control group was statistically higher (2.2 CFU/cm2) than spray (1.3 CFU/cm2) or wipe (1.5 CFU/cm2) (p < 0.05). After cleaning at three to four day intervals, the bacterial burden on the curtains reduced to near day 0 levels; however, this increased over the intervening three to four days. By day 21, 64% of control curtains were contaminated with MRSA compared to 10% (spray) and 5% (wipe) (p < 0.05). This study show that curtains start clean and progressively become contaminated with bacteria. Regularly cleaning curtains with disinfectant spray or wipes reduces bacterial burden and MRSA contamination.
In Vivo Optical Imaging-Guided Targeted Sampling for Precise Diagnosis and Molecular Pathology
Authors: Sahu Aditi , Peterson Gary , Cordova Miguel , Oh Yuna , Navarrete-Dechent Cristian , Gill Melissa , Alessi-Fox Christi , Gonzalez Salvador , Phillips William , Wilson Steven , Afzalneia Reza , Bello Danielle , Rotemberg Veronica , Marghoob Ashfaq , Rossi Anthony , Chen Chih Shan Jason , Rajadhyaksha Milind 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Conventional tissue sampling used in disease and cancer diagnosis can lead to misdiagnoses and repeated biopsies, and the tissue processed for histopathology suffers from poor nucleic acid quality/quantity for molecular profiling. Targeted micro-sampling of tissue can ensure accurate diagnosis and molecular profiling in the presence of spatial heterogeneity and complexity, especially in tumors, and facilitate acquisition of fresh tissue for molecular analysis. In this study, we explored the feasibility of a 1-mm precision biopsy approach guided by high-resolution reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging, and reflective metallic grids for accurate spatial targeting and sampling in 7 skin cancers lesions in 6 patients. Accurate sampling was confirmed by histopathology or successful molecular profiling using next generation sequencing (NGS) approaches. Imaging guided 1-mm biopsy enabled spatial targeting and sampling for in vivo diagnosis, feature correlation and predicted depth as confirmed on histopathology. High DNA quantity (680 ng) and quality (DIN: 8) were obtained from imaging-guided high melanoma cell density areas. Subsequent mutational profiling on a 505-gene panel revealed a missense BRAF V600E oncogenic mutations at 0.02 allelic frequency for guiding therapy. Our findings demonstrate accurate sampling of regions of interest that enables downstream diagnosis, molecular analysis and research in both in vivo and ex vivo settings with broad diagnostic, therapeutic and research potential in dermatological and mucosal settings currently accessible to RCM-OCT imaging.
Therapeutic Potential of Curcumin on the Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Study Integrated Meta-Analysis, Network Pharmacology, and Molecular Docking
Authors: Zhang Zheyu , Li Hongli , Hui Shan , Yi Min , Chen Xin , Huang Jianhua , Peng Weijun , Yang Jingjing 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Curcumin, a polyphenol derived from the herb turmeric, has emerged as a promising potential therapy in the management of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the efficacy and potential therapeutic mechanisms remains largely unknown. Objective: To systematically meta-analysis the eﬀect and to investigate the potential pharmacological mechanisms of curcumin on cognitive deficits in AD. Methods: A systematic collection of curcumin studies was performed from MEDLINE’s database, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar until October 31th, 2020. Following quality assessment of study eligibility, stratified meta-analysis and meta-regression analyses were undertaken to recognize and control the heterogeneity in meta-analysis. An integrated network pharmacology and molecular docking approach were applied to decipher the potential pharmacological mechanisms of curcumin on AD. Results: A meta-analysis of 29 publications showed that curcumin exerts significantly positive eﬀects on cognitive performance. For acquisition, the global estimated effect of curcumin was -2.027 (95% CI: -2.435 to -1.619, p<0.001); For retention, the global estimated effect of curcumin was 1.606 (95% CI: 1.101 to 2.111, p<0.001). Stratified meta-analysis demonstrated that an increased effect size depended on various study characteristics. Network pharmacology analysis identified 63 genes targets, and STAT3, CHEK1, AKT1, EGFR, MMP9, hsp90AA1, and EP300 were core target proteins. Molecular docking showed that curcumin can closely bind with these seven targets. Besides, 69 potential pathways of curcumin were identified, like nitrogen metabolism.Conclusions: Our findings suggested that curcumin may reduce cognitive deficits in AD through multi-target and multi-pathway mechanism, providing a scientific basis for further experimental and clinical application.
Impact of Data-driven Methods for Causal Inference in Observational Studies: Simulations in Three Real-world Datasets
Authors: Pressat-Laffouilhère Thibaut , Massonnaud Clément , Bréard Hélène , Lefebvre Margaux , Falissard Bruno , Gillibert André 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Although data-driven methods for selecting covariates in multivariable models ignore confusion, mediation and collision, they are still used in causal inference. This study, through three real-world datasets, shows the impact of data-driven methods on causal inference. Methods: A research question leading to multivariate model was raised for each of three real-world datasets. Three covariate selection methods were compared on their performances to correctly answer the question: Augmented Backward Elimination with BIC criterion and “change-in-estimate” threshold set at 0.05, Backward Elimination with BIC criterion and a knowledge-based method relying on causal diagrams. The covariates were classified as indispensable, prohibited and optional, considering the potential bias they could cause on the estimate. For each dataset and sample size (N=75, 300 and 3,000), 10,000 Monte Carlo samples were drawn. Percentages of inclusion of each covariate in models were computed. Coverages of Wald’s 95% confidence interval of exposure effects were computed with two different theoretical values (the analysed method, the knowledge-based method).Results: Even with the largest sample size (n=3,000), data-driven methods were not reproducible, with 8.6% to 53% of covariates included in 20% to 80% of experiences. Prohibited covariates could be included in more than 80% of experiences and indispensable covariates missed in more than 80% of experiences even with n=3,000. With the largest sample sizes, coverages of the theoretical knowledge-based value by data-driven methods ranged from 0% to 83.7%; coverages of the theoretical value of the same data-driven method ranged from 73.2% to 91.1% and were asymmetrical. Conclusion: In conclusion, data-driven methods should not be used in causal inference.