bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Place of Contract for Digital Thing in Latvian Contract Law Within the Context of the Consumer Sale Directives 2019
Authors: Kārkliņš Jānis , Mantrov Vadim 
Published: November 2021

The article aims to explore the place of contract for digital thing (i.e., a good with digital elements; digital content; and digital service) from the point of view of Latvian contract law considering the recently adopted Consumer Sale Directives 2019 (Directives 2019/770 and 2019/771). The topicality of the article’s theme is rooted in transposition of these directives into Latvian national law. On the one hand, it is necessary to find a proper place for classification of contract for a digital good considering approaches and contents of Latvian contract law for the appropriate understanding of this contract within Latvian contract law and, speaking broadly, Latvian civil law. On the other, the transposition of these directives would mean that digital goods for nonconsumers will remain without explicit regulation because these directives are intended to be transposed into consumer rights protection law being as lex specialis without introducing any amendments into general contract law. At the beginning, the present article provides an overview of the place of contract for a digital thing before transposition of the Consumer Sale Directives 2019 into Latvian consumer rights protection law, i.e., in the current regulation of Latvian contract law. The article continues with analysis of the expected place of contract for a digital thing after the currently intended transposition of these directives. Afterwards the article addresses the consequences of that transposition. The article concludes with summary following the discussion contained therein.
Doctrine of State Continuity. Latvia’s Experience
Authors: Ziemele Ineta , Lerhis Ainārs , Pleps Jānis , Lazdiņš Jānis 
Published: November 2021

The article examines the scope and consequences the continuity of the Republic of Latvia in several domains and places them within a broader context of Latvia’s history. Firstly, it describes and analyses some functions of the State of Latvia which continued to be performed during the years of occupation by the USSR and Nazi Germany (1940–1990) and, secondly, the significance of the de iure effect of the Satversme of the Republic of Latvia of 15 February 1922 during the years of occupation and following the restoration of the independence of the state. The authors advance the thesis that the occupation regimes of the communist USSR and Nazi Germany failed to extinguish the existence of the Republic of Latvia as an internationally recognised subject of international law, moreover, Latvia in practice did not discontinue performing some functions of the state. Of course, full restoration of the independence of the state on the basis of values enshrined in the Satversme occurred only after coup d’état in the Soviet Union.
The Aims and Discussions of the Foundation of Land Reform in Estonia After the WWI
Authors: Luts-Sootak Marju , Visnapuu Karin 
Published: November 2021

The land reform was one of the most important tasks of independent Estonia after World War I. The groundwork started even before gaining its independence which shows the significance of this extensive reform. Similar reforms were carried out in other Eastern- and Middle-European countries after World War I, but the Estonian land reform was considered to be among the most radical ones at that time period. The decisions about the scope, intensity and the radicality of a reform would influence the later outcome, therefore it is important to understand the legislative discussions in the beginning and during the reform. In the article we will examine the legislative discussions of Estonian Constituent Assembly and Parliament about the expropriation of largescale estates in Estonia, the legal solutions and, consequently, the reasons why the question about compensation and redistribution of the expropriated land was left unregulated in the Land Reform Act.
Functionality Problems of Collegial Government Institutions During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Solutions for the Future
Authors: Balodis Ringolds , Danovskis Edvīns 
Published: November 2021

This article analyses the ways for ensuring continuity of operation of the state collegial decisionmaking authorities – the Saeima [the Parliament of the Republic of Latvia], the Cabinet and the local government councils during Covid-19 pandemic. The work of the parliament, the government and local government in the emergency situation is examined, mainly focusing on the initiated form of remote work. Notably, in this respect, Latvia’s experience is unique since the Saeima’s e-platform is one of the first instances in the world where the parliament fully operated in the virtual environment. The article also analyses the role of the Cabinet as the crisis management centre during the emergency situation, focusing also on accessibility and other problematic issues in the remote proceedings of the local government councils and committees. The article concludes that successful solutions were found for the parliament’s work in the virtual environment within the existing legal framework. In the emergency situation, the local government councils and their structural units also had to try the forms of remote work. Additionally, the authors of the article have tried to provide assessment to determine which digital solutions employed during the pandemic should be used in post-crisis situations.
Las barreras institucionales que dificultan la inclusión de Valparaíso ciudad y puerto
Authors: Texido Alberto , De la Sotta Paola 
Published: November 2021

Hablar sobre barreras institucionales, implica en este caso, el cuestionamiento y por ende la reflexión sobre la condición particular que vive el puerto de Valparaíso. Sus proyecciones, desde lo que se plantea como futuro diseño urbano, los criterios que aplican los diversos instrumentos de planificación territorial vigentes o capaces de ser implementados, los vacíos normativos que acrecientan su situación; son algunos de los innumerables aspectos que el presente artículo considera, en un intento de acercamiento, hacia cuales podrían ser los ajustes necesarios a realizar para materializar la oportunidad de tener una ciudad- puerto diversa e inclusiva.
Derivas pintoresquistas en el espacio turísticos
Authors: Zamudio Vega Laura Susana 
Published: November 2021

La comunicación propuesta es parte de una investigación más amplia sobre la relación arquitectura y turismo. En dicho estudio constatamos una creciente influencia de los imaginarios sociales en la configuración de los asentamientos turísticos, tanto en sus aspectos formales como en su uso. En síntesis, para dar a los turistas lo que esperan encontrar en los lugares visitados y lograr que el negocio funcione, los promotores turísticos han ido “adaptándolos” a lo que los turistas imaginan de ellos. Así, el imaginario de un lugar, por tópico que sea, termina configurando el espacio y su uso. En el turismo contemporáneo, el empleo del pintoresquismo es una tendencia en auge para promover lugares que pretenden ser turísticos, sobre todo en aquellos destinos inmersos en los entornos rurales, las ciudades intermedias, pequeños barrios dentro de ciudades ya turísticas, y/o lugares donde la actividad turística parece la alternativa más viable para el crecimiento económico. En base a esto, el tema que aquí se desarrolla busca explicar a través de diversos ejemplos las formas en que puede materializarse el imaginario del pintoresquismo en los enclaves turísticos, incluso en los patrimoniales, señalando las consecuencias (físicas, estéticas, mediáticas y culturales) que ha traído para estos casos.
Using LIWC to Analyze Participants' Psychological Processing in Accounting JDM Research
Authors: Aghazadeh Sanaz , Hoang Kris , Pomeroy Bradley 
Published: November 2021

SUMMARY
This paper provides methodological guidance for judgment and decision-making (JDM) researchers in accounting who are interested in using the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) text analysis program to analyze research participants' written responses to open-ended questions. We discuss how LIWC's measures of psychological constructs were developed and validated in psycholinguistic research. We then use data from an audit JDM study to illustrate the use of LIWC to guide researchers in identifying suitable measures, performing quality control procedures, and reporting the analysis. We also discuss research design considerations that will strengthen the inferences drawn from LIWC analysis. The paper concludes with examples where LIWC analysis has the potential to reveal participants' deep, complex, effortful psychological processing and affective states from their written responses.
Penerapan Klasterisasi Menggunakan K-Means untuk Menentukan Tingkat Kesehatan Bayi dan Balita di Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara
Authors: Saputro Daniel Tunggono , Sucihermayanti Wida Pesah 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. The health level in Indonesia is still a challenge in every central and district area, especially the health level of infants and toddlers. The Health Office in North Bengkulu Regency always strives to provide the best health services to the people in North Bengkulu. Focusing on the health level of infants and toddlers in Bengkulu Regency, this study applies clustering to help the Health Office determining their health level in each village/district. K-means algorithm is used to cluster each subdistrict based on indicators of infant mortality, under-five mortality, morbidity, and nutritional status. The result showed that the processing of existing indicators is grouped into three clusters covering high, medium and low health levels.Keywords: Clustering, K-means, Health, RapidMiner Abstrak. Tingkat kesehatan di Indonesia masih menjadi tantangan di setiap daerah pusat maupun kabupaten, terutama tingkat kesehatan pada bayi dan balita. Dinas Kesehatan di Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara selalu berusaha untuk memberikan pelayanan kesehatan terbaik terhadap masyarakat di Bengkulu Utara. Dalam rangka memperhatikan tingkat kesehatan bayi dan balita pada Kabuaten Bengkulu, penelitian ini menerapkan klasterisasi untuk membantu Dinas Kesehatan mengetahui tingkat kesehatan bayi dan balita disetiap desa/ kecamatan. Algoritma K-means digunakan untuk mengklasterisasisetiap kecamatan berdasarkan indikator angka kematian bayi, angka kematian balita, angka kesakitan , dan status gizi. Hasil proses pengolahan indikator yang ada dikelompokan ialah tiga klaster meliputi tingkat kesehatan tinggi, sedang dan rendah. Kata Kunci: Klasterisasi, K-means, Kesehatan, RapidMiner
Pengaruh Customer Perceived Value Dan Customer Experience Terhadap Revisit Intention Pada Objek Wisata
Authors: Nabila An Nisa Lathifah , Armida Armida 
Published: November 2021

This reseacrh aims to reveal the effect of customer perceived value and customer experience on revisit intention in The Great Wall of Koto Gadang attraction. This research is a causative study. The population in this study were all tourists who had visited the attraction of The Great Wall of Koto Gadang. The data used are primary data and secondary data. Data collection techniques are using questionnaires and documentation. The sample technique used in this study is purposive sampling with a total sample of 100 respondents. The analytical method used is path analysis using SPSS version 21. The research hypothesis testing was carried out using data analysis through validity and reliability, normality, heterokedactivity, path analysis, F test and statistical t test at α = 0.05. The results of this study indicate that 1) customer perceived value and customer experience significantly influence revisit intention 2) customer perceived value significantly influence customer experience 3) customer perceived value significantly influence revisit intention 4) customer experience significantly influence revisit intention. Keywords : customer perceived value, customer experience and revisit intention
Pengaruh Pengalaman Praktik Kerja Lapangan dan Prestasi Akademik yang Dimoderasi oleh Keaktifan Mahasiswa dalam Berorganisasi Terhadap Kesiapan Mahasiswa dalam Memasuki Dunia Kerja
Authors: Sari Rinda , Syofyan Rita 
Published: November 2021

Abstract : The purpose of this research is to find out the influence of fieldwork experience and academic achievement moderated by students' activeness in organizing towards the readiness of Faculty of Economics students in 2016 in entering the world of work. This type of research is kausative. The population in this study was students of the Faculty of Economics in 2016. The number of research samples as many as 100 people and selected using the technique Proportional Random Sampling. The analysis method used is Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) using SPSS 16. The results of the study showed that (1) experience of field work practices significantly influenced the readiness of Faculty of Economics students in 2016 in entering the world of work, (2) academic achievement had a significant influence on the readiness of students of the Faculty of Economics in 2016 in entering the world of work, (3) experience of field work practice moderated by student activity in organizing significantly influenced the readiness of Faculty of Economics students in 2016 in entering the world of work , (4) academic achievement moderated by the activeness of students in organizing has a significant effect on the readiness of students of the Faculty of Economics in 2016 in entering the world of work. Keywords: experience of fieldwork practices, academic achievement, activeness of students in organizing and readiness to enter the world of work
Evaluation of Factors Influencing Energy Consumption in Water Injection System Based on Entropy Weight-Grey Correlation Method
Authors: Yan Ruan , Tong Wu , Jiaona Chen , Alteraz Hassan A. , Mohamed Hamdy M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn order to determine the importance of influencing factors of energy consumption in oilfield water injection systems, the distribution of energy loss in the water injection system was analyzed, the factors affecting the energy consumption of the water injection system were determined, and an evaluation index system for the energy consumption of the water injection system was established. This indicator system covers all links and all energy loss nodes of the energy loss of the water injection system, thereby an evaluation model for influencing factors of energy consumption in water injection system based on entropy weight - grey correlation method was built. Use the entropy weight method to get the ranking of the importance of energy consumption indicators; use the gray correlation method to determine the correlation between each water injection system and energy consumption factors. The application results show that the entropy weight-grey correlation method proposed in this paper can effectively obtain the importance of the energy consumption factors of the oilfield water injection system, and provide scientific guidance for the daily management and targeted optimization of the water injection system.
Analysis of Heat Transfer through a Protective Clothing Package
Authors: Gilewicz Paulina , Obidowski Damian , Sobczak Krzysztof , Frydrych Iwona , Cichocka Agnieszka 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe protective clothing packages, which protect the human body against hot factors in a foundry are in continuous development to increase their resistance and comfort of use. The problem of heat transfer through textiles is the active field of research and reliable numerical modeling of this process can be helpful to design high-quality protective products. Therefore, the numerical model of heat transfer through the package based on the aluminized basalt fabric was developed. The macroscopic geometry of weft and warp threads was reproduced in agreement with samples of plain weave basalt fabric. Mapping the stochastically distributed individual monofilaments in basalt threads, as well as modeling the heat transfer between them, was impossible at the microscopic level. Therefore, the weft and warp threads were modeled as a porous material with a homogeneous distribution of basalt and air in their structure. Data from measurements of the bare and aluminized basalt fabrics by the Alambeta device were used to determine the model parameters. The model was used to simulate the heat transfer through the protective package composed of the aluminized basalt fabric, wool clothing, and cotton underwear. A good agreement of model results was found for measurement results in such a package. The presented procedure allowed for the determination of the main thermal properties of tested basalt fabrics.
Shock Due to an Obstructed Endotracheal Tube
Authors: Chua Stefanie Foong Ling , Chan Chi Ho , Thangavelautham Suhitharan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Endotracheal tube obstruction by a mucus plug causing a ball-valve effect is a rare but significant complication. The inability to pass a suction catheter through the endotracheal tube with high peak and plateau pressure differences are classical features of an endotracheal tube obstruction. A case is described of endotracheal tube obstruction from a mucus plug that compounded severe respiratory acidosis and hypotension in a patient who simultaneously had abdominal compartment syndrome. The mucus plug was not identified until a bronchoscopic assessment of the airway was performed. Due to the absence of classical signs, the delayed identification of the obstructing mucus plug exacerbated diagnostic confusion. It resulted in various treatments being trialed whilst the patient continued to deteriorate from the evasive offending culprit. We suggest that earlier and more routine use of bronchoscopy should be employed in an intensive care unit, especially as a definitive way to rule out endotracheal obstruction.
Sustainable Transport Packaging: Evaluation and Feasibility for Different Use Cases
Authors: Pfoser Sarah , Brandner Manuela , Herman Katharina , Steinbach Elisabeth , Brandtner Patrick , Schauer Oliver 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The continuous increase in e-commerce shipping is causing a critical amount of transport packaging waste. The aim of this paper is a comprehensive presentation of different types of innovations for sustainable transport packaging. Within the paper, classification and evaluation of 37 sustainable packaging solutions are presented, including customized on-demand packaging, alternative materials and closed-loop systems. A multi-criteria evaluation scheme covering a wide range of economic, ecological, operational and social indicators was used to assess the feasibility of the packaging options in different cases. Depending on the degree of innovation and implementation risk, packaging options are proposed as a “Quick Win”, “Go Green” or “Thought Leadership” solution. In the conclusion chapter of this paper, recommendations are made for three different use cases, namely grocery, fashion and textiles and electronic goods.
Analysis of changes in the angular velocity of the crankshaft of the marine engine for diagnosing the wear and location the failure of the fuel injection system
Authors: Drewing Sebastian , Abramczyk Norbert , Żuk Daria 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The combustion process can be simply described as periodic explosions in a cylinder with its frequency dependent on the number of cylinders and the rotational speed of the shaft. In practice, uniformity of combustion parameters in every cylinder is almost impossible. Due to this fact, instantaneous angular acceleration does not remain the same at the ends of the crankshaft. These observations formed the basis for the investigation of the instantaneous angular speed of the crankshaft ends. To investigate the influence of the failure behavior of the fuel systems during a shaft's rotational movement, a series of experiments were planned.
For the simulations, a medium-speed marine engine driving electro generator was selected. The failure simulation was based on the installation of clogged spray holes, draining of part of fuel dose from high-pressure pump and decreasing of injection pressure by a lower tension of the injector spring. The results of measurement were processed and analyzed through a comparison of the fast Fourier transform spectra. As a general conclusion, a difference between general harmonics order of magnitudes was detected.
Transport of Heavy Oil by Applying of Solar Energy
Authors: Abdibattayeva Мaral , Bissenov Kylyshbay , Askarova Gulzat , Togyzbayeva Nurila , Assanova Gulmira 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Crude oil is considered the main source of energy worldwide. Important problems faced by oil transportation methods are spills and unintended releases. Therefore, most technological developments in the field of transportation methods are aimed at reducing emissions, improving efficiency or preventing spills and leaks. Pipeline systems are the safest, most efficient and economical way to transport crude oil. The transportation process suffers from serious problems, such as: asphaltene and paraffin interacting with the structure damages it, pressure drop in the pipes and high energy consumption during pumping. One of the most important economic tasks when transporting oil through a pipeline is to maintain fluidity and reduce the pressure drop along the pipe. This article highlights the latest and most effective development methods that were used to increase the fluidity of crude oil in pipelines, and also examines the possibilities of reducing energy costs for transporting heavy oils and hydraulic resistance of pipelines by creating intermediate solar station devices consisting of a parabolocylindrical concentrator with a tracking system and a solar panel with a converter that increase the safety and environmental friendliness of oil transportation by reducing the risk of accidents. The intermediate solar station uses a renewable energy source and is clean from an environmental point of view, since it does not produce harmful emissions. The use of solar energy as a green alternative to traditional energy carriers makes it possible to increase the productivity of the pipeline by up to 50 %, eliminate energy costs during oil transportation.