bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implications of the Kidd blood group system in renal transplantation
Authors: Rourk A. , Squires J.E. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The association of the Kidd blood group system with hemolytic transfusion reactions and hemolytic disease of the newborn is well known. The Kidd antigens, which are localized to the HUT/UT-B urea transport protein, are found on red blood cells and the endothelial cells of the blood vessels of the medulla of the kidney. Recently it has been suggested that these antigens might play a role as minor histocompatibility antigens in renal transplantation. In the current case, the appearance of an anti-Jkb 10 years after renal transplantation associated with early renal allograft rejection further supports the potential importance of these antigens in renal transplantation and allograft rejection.
Immunohematology

2012;28:91–4.
Seroprevalence of unexpected red blood cell antibodies among pregnant women in Uganda
Authors: Eipl K. , Nakabiito C. , Bwogi K. , Motevalli M. , Roots A. , Blagg L. , Jackson J.B. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We conducted a population-based, cross-sectional study among pregnant women in Kampala, Uganda, to determine ABO and D blood types and to determine the percentage who have unexpected red blood cell (RBC) antibodies and their specificities. De-identified blood samples from routine testing of 1001 pregnant women at the Mulago Hospital antenatal clinics in Kampala were typed for ABO and D and screened for the presence of unexpected RBC antibodies with confirmation and subsequent antibody identification. Of the 1001 blood samples tested, 48.9 percent, 26.4 percent, 21.0 percent, and 3.8 percent tested positive for blood groups O, A, B, and AB, respectively. Of these samples, 23 (2.3%) were negative for D, and 55 (5.5%) showed initial reactivity with at least one screening RBC. The RBC antibody screen was repeated on these 55 samples, and antibody identification was performed at the Johns Hopkins Hospital Blood Bank in Baltimore, Maryland. Twenty-one of the 55 samples were confirmed to have evidence of agglutination. Nine of the 21 samples demonstrated the presence of clinically significant RBC antibodies with anti-S being the most common, 8 samples demonstrated the presence of benign or naturally occurring antibodies, and 4 had only inconclusive reactivity. This study revealed a relatively high frequency of D and a low frequency of demonstrable clinically significant alloantibodies that may cause hemolytic disease of the newborn or hemolytic transfusion reactions among pregnant women in Kampala, with anti-S being the most frequent antibody specificity.
Immunohematology

2012;28:115–7.
Serologic and molecular characterization of D variants in Brazilians: impact for typing and transfusion strategy
Authors: Credidio D.C. , Pellegrino J. , Castilho L. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Rh discrepancies are a problem during routine testing because of partial D or weak D phenotypes. Panels of monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) are being developed to identify D variants such as partial D and weak D when there are anomalous D typing results; however, molecular characterization offers a more specific classification of weak and partial D. The weak D and partial D phenotypes are caused by many different RHD alleles encoding aberrant D proteins, resulting in distinct serologic phenotypes and the possibility of anti-D immunization. We evaluated currently used serologic methods and reagents to detect and identify D variants and correlated the results with molecular analyses. A total of 306 blood samples from Brazilian blood donors and patients with discrepant results in routine D typing were analyzed. In total, 166 (54.2%) weak D, 136 (44.4%) partial D, 3 (1%) DEL, and 1 (0.3%) DHAR variants were identified. Among weak D samples, 76 weak D type 1 (45.8%), 75 weak D type 2 (45.2%), 13 weak D type 3 (7.8%), and 2 weak D type 5 (1.2%) alleles were found. Among the partial D samples, 49 type 4.0 weak partial D (36%), 9 DAR (6.6%), 24 DFR (17.6%), 6 DBT (4.4%), 1 DHMi (0.73%), 26 DVI (19%), 14 DVa (10.3%), 5 DIVb (3.7%), and 2 DVII (1.5%) were observed. Two samples identified as DEL by adsorption-elution were characterized by molecular analyses as RHD(IVS5–38DEL4) and one sample was characterized as RHD(K409K). One sample was characterized as DHAR, a CE variant positive with some monoclonal anti-D. Our results showed that the use of different methods and anti-D reagents in the serologic routine analysis revealed D variants that can be further investigated. Molecular methods can help to differentiate between partial D and weak D and to characterize the weak D types, providing additional information of value in the determination of D phenotypes. This distinction is important for optimized management of D– RBC units and for the prevention of anti-D–related hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn.
Immunohematology

2011;27:6–11.
Molecular RH blood group typing of serologically D–/CE+ donors: the use of a polymerase chain reaction–sequence-specific primer test kit with pooled samples
Authors: Londero D. , Fiorino M. , Miotti V. , De Angelis V. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The known presence of RHD blood group alleles in apparently D– individuals who are positive for C or E antigens leads to an appropriate investigation for the RHD gene on the red blood cells (RBCs) of D– blood donors, thus preventing their RBCs from immunizing D– recipients. Ready-to-use polymerase chain reaction–sequence-specific primer (PCR-SSP) typing kits are available and allow single-sample results. The need to perform this testing on a large number of donors affiliated with the Transfusion Department of Udine (Northern Italy) led to the use of molecular genetic RH blood group typing with PCR-SSP test kits and DNA samples mixed in pools. From a population of 35,000 blood donors screened for D antigen by serologic typing, a total of 235 samples, distributed in pools of 5 DNA samples, were investigated. Positive results were reevaluated by opening the pools and retesting single samples. Validation of DNA-pool typing with commercial kits was done. Among 235 genotyped samples, 12 were found to be PCR positive (5.1%), exhibiting DEL genotype and RHD-CE-D hybrid alleles. Our data demonstrate that the use of a PCR-SSP commercial test kit with pooled samples is a helpful and valid method to correctly detect RHD alleles. As a consequence, we reclassified our donors as carriers of potentially immunogenic alleles. Immunohematology 2011;27:25–28.
Possible suppression of fetal erythropoiesis by the Kell blood group antibody anti-Kpa
Authors: Tuson M. , Hue-Roye K. , Koval K. , Imlay S. , Desai R. , Garg G. , Kazem E. , Stockman D. , Hamilton J. , Reid M.E. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Antibodies to antigens in the Kell blood group system are usually immunoglobulin G, and, notoriously, anti-K, anti-k, and anti-Kpa can cause severe hemolytic transfusion reactions, as well as severe hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). It has been shown that the titer of anti-K does not correlate with the severity of HDFN because, in addition to immune destruction of red blood cells (RBCs), anti-K causes suppression of erythropoiesis in the fetus, which can result in severe anemia. We report a case involving anti-Kpa in which one twin was anemic and the other was not. Standard hemagglutination and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based tests were used. At delivery, anti-Kpa was identified in serum from the mother and twin A, and in the eluate prepared from the baby’s RBCs. PCR-based assays showed twin A (boy) was KEL*841T/C (KEL*03/KEL*04), which is predicted to encode Kp(a+b+). Twin B (girl) was KEL*841C/C (KEL*04/KEL*04), which is predicted to encode Kp(a–b+). We describe the first reported case of probable suppression of erythropoiesis attributable to anti-Kpa. One twin born to a woman whose serum contained anti-Kpa experienced HDFN while the other did not. Based on DNA analysis, the predicted blood type of the affected twin was Kp(a+b+) and that of the unaffected twin was Kp(a–b+). The laboratory findings and clinical course of the affected twin were consistent with suppression of erythropoiesis in addition to immune RBC destruction.
Immunohematology

2011;27: 58–60.
An unusual case of an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction caused by an autoanti-I
Authors: Win N. , Needs M. , Rahman S. , Gold P. , Ward S. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In general, naturally occurring cold autoagglutinins react optimally at low temperatures. We describe a young child who experienced an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction by an unusual autoanti-I. The IgM autoanti-I was detected at 4°C (titer 256) and also reacted at 30°C. This case highlights the potential hazard of transfusing units of blood immediately upon removal from the blood refrigerator, especially into neonates and children of small stature.
Immunohematology

2011;27:101–103.
The Dombrock blood group system: a review
Authors: Lomas-Francis C. , Reid M.E. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The Dombrock blood group system (Do) consists of two antithetical antigens (Doa and Dob ) and five antigens of high prevalence (Gya, Hy, Joa, DOYA, and DOMR). Do antigens are carried on the Dombrock glycoprotein, which is attached to the RBC membrane via a glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage. The gene (DO, ART4 ) encoding the Do glycoprotein, located on the short arm of chromosome 12, has been cloned and sequenced, allowing the molecular basis of the various Do phenotypes to be determined. Doa and Dob have a prevalence that makes them useful as genetic markers; however, the paucity of reliable anti-Doa and anti-Dob has prevented this potential from being realized. The ease with which these antigens can be predicted by analysis of DNA opens the door for such studies to be carried out. Anti-Doa and anti-Dob are rarely found as a single specificity, but they have been implicated in causing hemolytic transfusion reactions. This review is a synthesis of our current knowledge of the Dombrock blood group system.
Immunohematology

2010;26:71–78.
The significance of a positive DAT in thalassemia patients
Authors: Arinsburg S.A. , Skerrett D.L. , Kleinert D. , Giardina P.J. , Cushing M.M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The DAT is performed for the detection of antibody or complement on the surface of RBCs. Our institution previously performed DATs on all chronically transfused thalassemia patients before each transfusion episode to detect early alloimmunization. The medical records of all thalassemia patients treated at our institution from 2004 to 2007 were reviewed to determine the significance of the high rate of positive DATs (52.5% of 80 patients). The majority of IgG-reactive DATs were associated with a nonreactive eluate (65.4% of 286 eluates performed). A positive DAT was significantly associated with splenectomy (χ2 = 15.4; p < 0.001), elevated IgG levels (χ2 = 26.8; p < 0.001), HCV (χ2 = 20.7; p < 0.001), and warm autoantibody (χ2 = 5.87; p = 0.03). Multivariate analysis revealed that only HCV (OR, 5.0; p = 0.037) and elevated IgG levels (OR, 9.0; p = 0.001) were independently associated with a positive DAT. Alloimmunized thalassemic patients were more likely to have a positive DAT than nonalloimmunized patients, but this association was not significant (OR, 2.2; p = 0.11). A positive DAT did not correlate with decreased response to transfusion, RBC survival, hemolysis, or increased transfusion requirements. Only two cases of early alloimmunization were detected by DAT among 288 DAT-positive samples studied during 4 years. This study demonstrated that the routine performance of DATs on pretransfusion specimens in thalassemic patients has limited clinical utility, and the elimination of this test will improve turnaround time and decrease costs.
Immunohematology 2010;26:87–91.
The Cromer blood group system: a review
Authors: Storry J.R. , Reid M.E. , Yazer M.H. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The antigens of the Cromer blood group system reside on decay-accelerating factor (DAF), a protein belonging to the regulators of complement activation family. The blood group system consists of 12 high-prevalence and three low-prevalence antigens. The molecular basis for the antigens is known, and with the exception of IFC, each antigen is the product of a single nucleotide change in the DAF gene and has been localized to one of the four complement control protein (CCP) domains on the DAF protein. The RBCs of people with the Cromer null phenotype, Inab, lack DAF but do not appear to demonstrate increased susceptibility to hemolysis. Antibodies to Cromer antigens are rarely encountered, although there is evidence that the antibodies may cause accelerated destruction of transfused RBCs. There is no risk of HDN associated with Cromer system antibodies because the placenta is a rich source of fetally derived DAF, which is thought to adsorb the antibodies
Immunohematology

2010;26:109–117.
¿Son las teorías científicas estructuras, instrumentos o realidad?
Authors: Álvarez-García Andrés 
Published: May 2021

En este arti?culo se realiza un estudio de las teori?as desde el realismo cienti?fico. Tambie?n se desarrolla una cri?tica a las diferentes propuestas esce?pticas como el instrumentalismo, el antirrealismo y el realismo estructural. Este estudio describe la importancia del realismo cienti?fico y los desafi?os que enfrenta en la postmodernidad. Se plantea que el realismo debe establecer un conjunto de reglas para seleccionar las entidades inobservables, y que los modelos que se emplean pueden llegar a describir la realidad en el marco de una ciencia madura.
Palabras claves: Realidad, estructura, entidad, teori?as cienti?ficas, realismo cienti?fico, instrumentalismo.
Abstract
In this article a study of the theories is made from the scientific realism. It also develops a critique of the different skeptical proposals such as instrumentalism, anti-realism and structural realism. This study describes the importance of scientific realism and the challenges it faces in postmodernity. It is argued that realism should establish a set of rules to select unobservable entities, and that the models used can come to describe reality within the framework of a mature science.
Keywords: Reality, structure, entity, Scientific theories, scientific realism, instrumentalism.

Resumo:
Neste artigo se realiza um estudo das teorias desde o realismo cienti?fico. Tambe?m se desenvolve uma cri?tica a?s diferentes propostas ce?ticas como o instrumentalismo, o antirrealismo e o realismo estrutural. Este estudo descreve a importa?ncia do realismo cienti?fico e os desafios que a posmodernidade enfrenta. Se propo?e que o realismo deve estabelecer um conjunto de regras para selecionar as entidades inobserva?veis, e que os modelos que se utilizam podem chegar a descrever a realidade no marco de uma cie?ncia madura.
Palavras chave: Realidade; estrutura; entidade; teorias cienti?ficas, realismo cienti?fico, instrumentalismo
La interculturalidad en el aprendizaje y la comunicacio?n del disen?o social
Authors: Navarro Sarmiento Ana Georgina , Padilla Camberos Claudia , Santillán Becerra Julio Alejandro 
Published: May 2021

Se analizara?n las etapas del proceso de disen?o social desde el punto de vista acade?mico y la importancia de co?mo influye la comunicacio?n intercultural en el desarrollo del pai?s en donde e?ste se da y la relacio?n que se pudiese lograr haci?a con los dema?s. El hablar del proceso del disen?o social en un ambiente universitario nos puede ubicar en un a?rea de intere?s en la que se plantean las formas de co?mo se piensa, co?mo se hace y co?mo se comunica el disen?o. El disen?o social juega actualmente un papel muy importante en donde se involucra a la sociedad a partir de las necesidades y deseos expresados por esta, en donde se contempla que se optimice los recursos y las capacidades, y que se ve ma?s como un sistema social que productivo y en donde el objetivo final seri?a que se lograra una fa?cil, u?til y pra?ctica comunicacio?n global.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Disen?o social, aprendizaje y comunicacio?n intercultural.
Abstract
Will analyze the stages of the social design process from the academic point of view and the importance of how intercultural communication influences the development of the country where it occurs and the relationship that could be achieved with others. Talking about the process of social design in a university environment can place us in an area of interest in which the ways of how people think, how they are done and how design is communicated are presented. Social design currently plays a very important role in which society is involved based on the needs and desires expressed by it, where it is contemplated that resources and capacities are optimized and that it is seen more as a social system than productive and where the ultimate goal would be to achieve an easy, useful and practical global communication.
KEYWORDS: State, public policies, human rights, rights-based approach

Resumo
Nesta pesquisa se analisara?o as etapas do processo de desenho social desde o ponto-de-vista acade?mico e a importa?ncia de como influencia a comunicac?a?o intercultural no desenvolvimento do pai?s onde se da?, e a relac?a?o que se pode conseguir aos demais. Falar do processo de desenho social num ambiente universita?rio nos pode localizar em uma a?rea de interesse nas quais se projetam as formas de como se pensa, como se faz e como se comunica o desenho. O desenho social representa atualmente um papel muito importante onde se envolve a sociedade a partir das necessidades e desejos expressos pela mesma, onde se contempla que se otimiza os recursos e as capacidades, e que se veja mais como um sistema social que produtivo, e onde o objetivo final seria que se conseguisse uma fa?cil, u?til e pra?tica comunicac?a?o global.
PALAVRAS CHAVE: Desenho social, aprendizagem e comunicac?a?o intercultural
The Hip Instructional Prehabilitation Program for Enhanced Recovery (HIPPER) as an eHealth Approach to Presurgical Hip Replacement Education: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Miller William C , Mohammadi Somayyeh , Watson Wendy , Crocker Morag , Westby Marie 
Published: May 2021

Background
Osteoarthritis (OA), leading to hip replacement (THR), is a primary contributor to global mobility impairment. In 2018, more than 59,000 THR surgeries were performed in Canada. Health promotion education, such as prehabilitation, is vital to optimizing surgical outcomes.

Objective
This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of the Hip Instructional Prehabilitation Program for Enhanced Recovery (HIPPER), an eHealth approach to prehabilitation education.

Methods
A single-blind (assessor-blind), 2-arm, feasibility randomized controlled trial will be conducted. We will recruit 40 (HIPPER group, n=20; control group, n=20) older adults with hip OA and on a waitlist for a THR. The HIPPER intervention consists of 12 online, interactive modules. The control group will receive the current standard practice consisting of 2 online educational sessions lasting 2 hours each (webinars). Feasibility outcomes (eg, recruitment and retention rates) will be evaluated.

Results
Recruitment started in March 2021. As of April 20, 2021, 18 participants were recruited. All 18 completed T1 measures. Only 1 participant has been scheduled to have a surgery and therefore has been scheduled to complete T2 measures. The remainder of the participants are waiting to be notified of their surgery date. This project was funded by a Canadian Institutes of Health Research Project Grant. Our institute’s research ethics board approved this study in November 2016.

Conclusions
Results will lead to refinement of the HIPPER protocol in order to evaluate a standardized and geographically accessible prehabilitation program.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02969512; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02969512

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/29322
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI PROTEASE ACTIVITIES OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF NILGIRIANTHUS HEYNEANUS NEES STEM
Authors: JACOB JENSON 
Published: May 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was focussed on phytochemical screening, in vitro antioxidant and antiprotease activities of methanolic extract of Nilgirianthus heyneanus stem.
Methods: The stem of the plant was washed thoroughly, shade dried and coarsely powdered. The powdered material of Niligirianthus heyneanus stem was extracted with methanol using soxhlet apparatus. Preliminary phytochemical screening for carbohydrates, proteins, alkaloids, phytosteroids, flavonoids, glycosides, polyphenolics, saponins, tannins was done by following standard procedure. In vitro antioxidant activities of methanolic extract were assessed using DPPH, ABTS and total antioxidant capacity. In vitro anti-protease activity of the plant was analysed using trypsin as an enzyme and BAEE (N-benzoyl-L-arginine ethyl ester) as a substrate.
Results: The results showed that phytochemicals such as carbohydrates, proteins and amino acids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins and polyphenolics are present in the methanolic extract of Niligirianthus heyneanus stem. The in vitro antioxidant and antiprotease activities of Niligirianthus heyneanus stem clearly showed that the plant has antioxidant and antiprotease activity.
Conclusion: From this work, it can be concluded that Niligirianthus heyneanus stem has the potential to be a strong antioxidant and protease inhibitor.
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH SiC UNTUK MEMPERBAIKI KEKUATAN IMPAK ALUMINIUM SCRAP DAN STRUKTUR MIKRONYA DENGAN METODE SINTERING
Authors: Salman Salman Salman , Sulistyowati Emmy Dyah , Humaidi Achmad Humaidi 
Published: May 2021

Abstrak-- Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh penambahan limbah silikon karbida (SiC) pada aluminium scrap (Al-scrap) terhadap ketangguhan impak dan setruktur mikro dengan metode metalugi serbuk (sintering). Material yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Al-scrap dan SiC. Ada tiga variasi campuran yaitu campuran cetakan masing-masing 0, 10 dan 20 % SiC. Pemanasan dilakukan selama 3 jam dan suhu 500 Co. Pengujian yang dilakukan adalah pengujian impak dan pengamatan struktur mikro. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa variasi dari penambahan SiC mempengaruhi kekuatan impak bahan. Penambahan SiC 20 % pada penelitian ini menghasilkan kekuatan impak yang paling tinggi sebesar 13.078 x 10-3 J/mm². Sedangkan Al-scrap tanpa penambahan SiC adalah 11.98 x 10-3 J/mm². Katakunci: SiC, Al-scrap, Sintering, Ketangguhan impak Abstract-- The study aims is to determine the effect of the additional of the silicon carbide (SiC) disposal to the aluminum scrap (Al-scrap) over the impact strength and microstructure by sintering method. The materials used in this study were Al-scrap and silicon carbide (SiC). There were three mixed variations, they were 0, 10 and 20% SiC. The specimens were heated for 3 hours at the temperature of 500 Co. The tests carried out were impact testing and microstructure observation. The results showed that the variations in the addition of SiC affected the value of the impact strength of the material. The addition of 20% SiC in this study resulted in the highest impact toughness of 13,08 x 10-3 J / mm². Whereas Al-scrap without the addition of SiC was 11.98 x 10-3 J / mm². Keywords: SiC, Al-scrap, Sintering, Impact toughness