bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of the Real Estate Sector in the Structural Dynamics of the Chinese Economy: An Input–Output Analysis
Authors: Huang Yongming , Khan Jamal , Girardin Eric , Shad Umair 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMarket‐oriented housing reforms and the rapid urbanization process have led to spectacular growth in the Chinese real estate sector (RES). However, the changes in the role played by this sector in the structural dynamics of the Chinese economy have not been examined sufficiently. Accordingly, we analyze the intersectoral structural changes to the Chinese RES, its linkages with the rest of the economy, and its growth sources, using four Chinese input–output tables from 2002 to 2017. We depart from existing work on the RES by using the causative matrix approach and structural decomposition analysis, and obtain three main results. First, the RES, which received little non‐RES feedback during the 2002–2007 period, has subsequently received much more substantial feedback. Second, the impact of the RES on China's economic growth stems mainly from its forward linkages. Third, the growth in the RES has been driven mainly by domestic demand expansion. Our results highlight that the Chinese RES, which plays a key role in value chains, is highly dependent on its own final demand and a fall in its demand would impede economic development. An important implication of these results is that developing the national economy by stimulating the RES would not be as effective as developing the RES through stimulating the national economy.
Implications of addiction diagnosis and addiction beliefs for public stigma: A cross‐national experimental study
Authors: Rundle Samantha M. , Cunningham John A. , Hendershot Christian S. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntroductionStigmatisation of alcohol and other drug (AOD) use disorders poses a significant barrier to treatment access. A review by the World Health Organization concluded that addictive disorders were the most stigmatised health condition. Few studies have examined whether different etiological models of addiction (MOA) have implications for public stigma toward AOD disorders. The current study examined whether beliefs representative of five MOA predict public stigma levels and whether stigma differs for AOD use disorders relative to other health conditions.MethodsSurvey data were collected from Canada, the USA and Australia using an online data collection platform. Participants were randomised to one of four vignette manipulations describing an individual with an alcohol use disorder and/or other disorder. Participants' stigma toward the vignette character and beliefs related to five MOA (disease, moral, psychological, sociological, nature) were measured.ResultsStigma ratings were significantly higher in the alcohol use disorder condition compared to other conditions. Two MOA accounted for significant variance in stigma ratings, where greater beliefs in the nature and psychological MOA predicted significantly lower levels of stigma toward alcohol use disorder. Contrary to predictions, beliefs in the disease MOA did not relate to lower stigma. Lastly, beliefs in the moral MOA partly accounted for geographical region differences (the USA vs. Canada) in public stigma.Discussion and ConclusionsThe current study provides further experimental support that AOD disorders are more stigmatised than others. Additionally, the findings suggest that MOA may relate differentially to perceived stigma, and that regional variability in such beliefs exists.
Bewertung der Wirksamkeit sub‐antimikrobieller Dosierungen von Doxycyclin bei Rosacea: Systematische Auswertung von klinischen Studien und Metaanalyse
Authors: Husein‐ElAhmed Husein , Steinhoff Martin 
Published: January 2021

ZusammenfassungHintergrundNiedrig dosiertes Doxycyclin (sub‐antimicrobial dose doxycycline, SDD) ist eine antimikrobielle Substanz, die bei häufigen entzündlichen Hauterkrankungen zu einer Besserung des Krankheitsbildes zu führen scheint. Derzeit liegen nur wenige Daten zur allgemeinen Wirksamkeit, zur notwendigen Behandlungsdauer und zur optimalen Patientenauswahl bei Rosacea vor. Wir haben daher die Wirksamkeit sub‐antimikrobieller Dosen von Doxycyclin bei Rosacea papulopustulosa (RPP) untersucht. Gleichzeitig wollten wir herausarbeiten, welche Patienten für diesen Behandlungsansatz am besten geeignet sind.MethodenIm Zeitraum von Juli bis September 2019 wurde eine umfangreiche Literaturrecherche in fünf Datenbanken durchgeführt; der verwendete Suchbegriff war „rosacea” UND „doxycycline”.ErgebnisseUnsere Datenbankrecherche fand potenziell relevante Studien. Die allgemeine Metaanalyse fand keinen signifikanten Unterschied zwischen SDD und den Vergleichspräparaten (RR: 1,12; 95 %‐KI: 0,78–1,62; I2 = 86 %). Eine Subgruppenanalyse von Studien, in denen Doxycyclin mit Placebo verglichen wurde, ergab eine klare Überlegenheit von Doxycyclin (RR: 1,45; 95 %‐KI: 1,22–1,72; I2 = 31 %), die Subgruppenanalyse von Studien, bei denen aktive Medikationen miteinander verglichen wurden, zeigte hingegen keine Unterschiede zwischen den verschiedenen Behandlungsoptionen (RR: 0,52; 95 % KI: 0,17–1,63; I2 = 90 %).SchlussfolgerungEs gibt gute Belege dafür, dass SDD wirksamer ist als Placebo. Andere Medikamente wie etwa Minocyclin oder Isotretinoin zeigen jedoch im Vergleich zu SDD mindestens gleich gute Behandlungserfolge. Wir schließen aus unserer Analyse, dass die entzündungshemmenden Eigenschaften von SDD eher zur Behandlung leichter Formen der Rosacea geeignet sind, während bei mittelstarken oder stark ausgeprägten Formen die höheren (antimikrobiellen) Dosierungen von Doxycyclin besser geeignet sein dürften.
Therapy understanding and health related quality of life in stage III/IV melanoma patients treated with novel adjuvant therapies
Authors: Reschke Robin , Jäger Iris , Mehnert‐Theuerkauf Anja , Ziemer Mirjana 
Published: January 2021

SummaryObjectiveOur aims were to investigate the motivation for therapy, the understanding and valuation of potential treatment toxicities in melanoma patients offered adjuvant therapies.MethodsBetween September 2018 and September 2019 49 adjuvant patients with stage III and IV melanoma received a self‐created, pre‐treatment questionnaire. Furthermore, the patients were handed out the REPERES‐G, EQ‐5D‐3L and EORTC QLQ C‐30 questionnaires.ResultsEight patients (18.3 %) decided against adjuvant therapy (mean age 71.6 years). Four of these had stage IIIA melanoma. The majority of patients (73.4 %) decided for adjuvant treatment with PD1‐inhibitors despite their potential high grade, persistent, irreversible or even fatal toxicities. About a third of patients with BRAF V600 mutated melanoma who decided for therapy chose targeted therapy (31.3 %). These patients were younger (mean age 49 years), still working and had families with children. The REPERES‐G questionnaire showed that our patients were generally satisfied with medical care. The average scores in the EQ‐5D‐3L and EORTC QLQ C‐30 questionnaires indicated good subjective general health.ConclusionsDespite the associated toxicities as well as the required time and effort for a one‐year treatment the majority of patients decided for adjuvant treatments.
Angeborene kutane Neurofibrome bei Neurofibromatose Typ 1: Klinisch‐pathologische Merkmale in der frühen Kindheit
Authors: García‐Martínez Francisco Javier , Azorín Daniel , Duat‐Rodríguez Anna , Hernández‐Martín Ángela 
Published: January 2021

ZusammenfassungHintergrund und ZielsetzungKlinisch‐pathologische Merkmale angeborener kutaner Neurofibrome, die sich bei Patienten mit Neurofibromatose Typ 1 (NF1) als große, unregelmäßig geformte „Café‐au‐lait“‐Flecken (CALM) präsentieren, sind noch nicht gut charakterisiert. Unser Ziel war, große „atypische“ CALM bei Kindern mit NF1 histopathologisch zu analysieren.Patienten und MethodenIn dieser retrospektiven Beobachtungsstudie haben wir histopathologische und immunhistochemische Merkmale von 21 Biopsaten untersucht, die innerhalb der ersten Lebensmonate aus 18 großen hyperpigmentierten Flecken (mit oder ohne Hypertrichose) bei Kindern mit NF1 entnommen wurden.ErgebnisseVon den 21 Biopsaten zeigten zehn ein diffuses Neurofibrom, vier weitere hatten Charakteristika eines plexiformen Neurofibroms (PNF). Bei zwölf Proben fanden sich spindelförmige, linear angeordnete Zellen wie bei einem dünnen Nervenstrang mit abnormer Morphologie. Zwei dieser Läsionen wurden mit zunehmendem Alter erneut biopsiert und zeigten eine Transformation hin zu einem plexiformen Muster. In 17 Proben wurden vermehrt Zellen im interstitiellen Raum festgestellt, bei 16 waren die Zellen um ekkrine Drüsen konzentriert sowie bei zwölf Proben um Haarfollikel und Gefäßstrukturen. Alle diese Zellen exprimierten S100‐Protein und CD68, 15 Proben auch Melan‐A.SchlussfolgerungDie klinisch‐pathologischen Merkmale angeborener kutaner Neurofibrome liefern schon früh diagnostische Hinweise auf NF1 und sind hoch relevant für die Nachverfolgung der Patienten.
Can central banks run out of ammunition? The role of the money‐equities‐interaction channel in monetary policy
Authors: Congdon Tim 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMany authorities claim that central banks ‘have run out of ammunition’, either because the central bank rate has dropped close to the zero lower bound or because of Keynes's liquidity trap. I argue first, that indefinitely large increases in the quantity of money remain possible even with the central bank rate close to zero, and, second, that increases in the quantity of money raise all asset prices, including the prices of quoted equities, not just bond prices. Bonds are an unimportant asset class in modern capitalist economies, relative to corporate equity and real estate. Meanwhile increases in equity prices always boost aggregate demand and output.
On the role of direct sunlight for egg‐laying behaviour: lessons and ideas from the Speckled wood
Authors: Braem Simon , Van Dyck Hans 
Published: January 2021

1. Butterflies rely on suitable weather conditions for thermoregulation during active behaviour. While non‐sunny conditions are known to reduce time spent in active flight, detailed behavioural data on how variable microclimatic conditions affect decision making in specific behavioural contexts (e.g. habitat exploration, dispersal, mating, basking, oviposition) is often lacking.2. We addressed the influence of direct sunlight on females of the Speckled wood butterfly (Pararge aegeria) that were motivated to oviposit. To test this, we observed gravid butterflies one by one in (1) a cage within a greenhouse, where temperature was kept high all the time, and (2) an outdoor cage under uncontrolled weather conditions.3. Our results show that butterflies almost exclusively oviposit under direct sunlight. Surprisingly, results were similar in the warm within‐greenhouse cage, where activity remained high but oviposition never occurred during fully clouded conditions.4. These results suggest that ovipositing butterflies require sunlight not only for thermoregulation. We hypothesise that direct sunlight benefits the ovipositing female by exposing more clearly the microclimatic variation of potential oviposition sites in the herbaceous layer of the vegetation. Heliophily during oviposition and pre‐oviposition exploration may apply to a range of microclimate‐sensitive species, particularly those living in microclimatically heterogeneous habitats. This warrants novel sensory ecological research, which will further improve our understanding of insect functional habitats.
Making the case for clinical mental health nurses to break their silence on the healing they create: A critical discussion
Authors: Hurley John , Lakeman Richard 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis discursive paper aims to clarify what roles mental health nurses identify as being within their scope of practice in clinical settings. It also aims to highlight any consumer benefits arising from these roles. Role theory and its relationship with identity are critically discussed as a framework to explain how contemporary mental health nursing roles are poorly understood and undervalued within mental health services. In order to meet the aims of the paper literature written in the last five years by clinical mental health nurses reporting their roles, and outcomes of those roles were searched. This literature was then considered through the lens of social constructionism that premises truths are accessed and then constructed though relationship based language. Six core mental health nursing roles were identified across international settings. The MHN is a psychotherapist. The MHN is a consumer advocate. The MHN is a physical health therapist. The MHN is a psycho‐pharmacological therapist. The MHN is a relationship focussed therapist and finally the MHN is an aggression management therapist. While European and American nurses reported consumer benefit emerging from these roles those from Australia and the United Kingdom did not. The roles reported on were largely instrumental ones that offered little clarity towards the identity of our profession, nor its worth to consumers or funders of services. Mental health nurses will only have their true breadth of clinical capabilities recognized where there is a consistent construction emerging from clinicians in clinical settings on the efficacy of their clinical work.
Positive risk management: Staff perspectives in acute mental health inpatient settings
Authors: Just Daniela , Palmier‐Claus Jasper E. , Tai Sara 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimsTo explore inpatient staff's understanding and implementation of positive risk management.BackgroundRisk management is an essential skill for staff working in acute mental health inpatient settings. National policies advocate the use of positive risk management as a form of collaborative, recovery‐focused risk management. However, little is known about how staff understand, operationalize, and use positive risk management in practice.DesignQualitative reflexive thematic analysis study.MethodsThe authors recruited a purposive sample of healthcare professionals working in acute inpatient settings (N = 16) in 2019 across three National Health Service Trusts in the North‐West of England. Participants completed semi‐structured interviews which were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.ResultsThe analysis generated three themes: (a) within staff barriers; (b) within service user barriers; and (c) delivery in practice.ConclusionUnderstanding and implementation of positive risk management was dependant on multiple factors, including staffs’ beliefs about mental health, levels of worry and anxiety, and amount of experience and seniority. Staff were more likely to use positive risk management with service users that they perceived as being trustworthy and less risky. Use of positive risk management was reliant on the support practitioners received, how able they were to view situations from multiple perspectives, and the degree to which they felt able to prioritize positive risk management.ImpactAlthough staff expressed the desire and intention to practice positive risk management, the current study highlights challenges around operationalization and implementation. The authors discuss the clinical implications of the findings.
GHR is involved in gastric cell growth and apoptosis via PI3K/AKT signalling
Authors: Yan Hong‐Zhu , Wang Hua‐Feng , Yin Yueling , Zou Jue , Xiao Feng , Yi Li‐Na , He Ying , He Bo‐Sheng 
Published: January 2021

AbstractGrowth hormone receptor (GHR), the cognate receptor of growth hormone (GH), is a membrane bound receptor that belongs to the class I cytokine receptor superfamily. GH binding GHR induces cell differentiation and maturation, initiates the anabolism inside the cells and promotes cell proliferation. Recently, GHR has been reported to be associated with various types of cancer. However, the underlying mechanism of GHR in gastric cancer has not been defined. Our results showed that silence of GHR inhibited the growth of SGC‐7901 and MGC‐803 cells, and tumour development in mouse xenograft model. Flow cytometry showed that GHR knockout significantly stimulated gastric cancer cell apoptosis and caused G1 cell cycle arrest, which was also verified by Western blot that GHR deficiency induced the protein level of cleaved‐PARP, a valuable marker of apoptosis. In addition, GHR deficiency inhibited the activation of PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. On the basis of the results, that GHR regulates gastric cancer cell growth and apoptosis through controlling G1 cell cycle progression via mediating PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. These findings provide a novel understanding for the role of GHR in gastric cancer.
Transgenic overexpression of ITGB6 in intestinal epithelial cells exacerbates dextran sulfate sodium‐induced colitis in mice
Authors: Chen Haiyan , Chen Liubo , Wang Xin , Ge Xiaoxu , Sun Lifeng , Wang Zhanhuai , Xu Xiaoming , Song Yongmao , Chen Jing , Deng Qun , Xie Haiting , Chen Ting , Chen Yan , Ding Kefeng , Wu Jingjing , Wang Jian 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntegrins, as a large family of cell adhesion molecules, play a crucial role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), homeostasis is disrupted. Integrin αvβ6, which is mainly regulated by the integrin β6 subunit gene (ITGB6), is a cell adhesion molecule that mediates cell‐cell and cell‐matrix interactions. However, the role of ITGB6 in the pathogenesis of IBD remains elusive. In this study, we found that ITGB6 was markedly upregulated in inflamed intestinal tissues from patients with IBD. Then, we generated an intestinal epithelial cell‐specific ITGB6 transgenic mouse model. Conditional ITGB6 transgene expression exacerbated experimental colitis in mouse models of acute and chronic dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)‐induced colitis. Survival analyses revealed that ITGB6 transgene expression correlated with poor prognosis in DSS‐induced colitis. Furthermore, our data indicated that ITGB6 transgene expression increased macrophages infiltration, pro‐inflammatory cytokines secretion, integrin ligands expression and Stat1 signalling pathway activation. Collectively, our findings revealed a previously unknown role of ITGB6 in IBD and highlighted the possibility of ITGB6 as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for IBD.
Non‐coding RNAs in cardiomyocyte proliferation and cardiac regeneration: Dissecting their therapeutic values
Authors: Dong Xiaoxuan , Dong Xiuyun , Gao Feng , Liu Ning , Liang Tian , Zhang Feng , Fu Xuyang , Pu Linbin , Chen Jinghai 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCardiovascular diseases are associated with high incidence and mortality, contribute to disability and place a heavy economic burden on countries worldwide. Stimulating endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation and regeneration has been considering as a key to repair the injured heart caused by ischaemia. Emerging evidence has proved that non‐coding RNAs participate in cardiac proliferation and regeneration. In this review, we focus on the observation and mechanism that microRNAs (or miRNAs), long non‐coding RNAs (or lncRNAs) and circular RNA (or circRNAs) regulate cardiomyocyte proliferation and regeneration to repair a damaged heart. Furthermore, we highlight the potential therapeutic role of some non‐coding RNAs used in stimulating CMs proliferation. Finally, perspective on the development of non‐coding RNAs therapy in cardiac regeneration is presented.
Marked loss of adipose tissue during neoadjuvant therapy as a predictor for poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhang Yingjing , Li Zijian , Jiang Lin , Xue Zhigang , Ma Zhiqiang , Kang Weiming , Ye Xin , Liu Yuqin , Jin Zhengyu , Yu Jianchun 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe influence of body composition changes during neoadjuvant treatment (NT) on long‐term survival in patients with gastric cancer (GC) undergoing radical gastrectomy remains unclear. The present study aimed to explore the association between changes in body composition during NT and survival in patients with GC.MethodsGC patients treated with NT and radical gastrectomy between 2015 and 2018 were included in this retrospective study. Skeletal muscle mass, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) were measured by computer tomography before and after NT. Body composition changes during NT were compared with Kaplan–Meier curves. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were applied to determine the predictors of overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS).ResultsIn total, 157 GC patients were studied. A marked loss of adipose tissue was associated with poor nutritional status. The median follow‐up time for all patients was 25 months. Patients with marked VAT loss (≥ 35.7%) during NT had significantly shorter OS (p = 0.028) and DFS (p = 0.03). Similarly, poorer OS (p = 0.033) and DFS (p = 0.003) were observed in patients with marked SAT loss (≥ 30.1%) during NT. Changes in skeletal muscle mass and body weight during NT were not associated with survival. Marked VAT loss accompanied by marked SAT loss was an independent predictor of OS (hazards ratio = 2.447; p = 0.045) and DFS (hazards ratio = 2.674; p = 0.018).ConclusionsPatients with locally advanced GC have a worse survival when they experienced marked loss of adipose tissue during NT.
Profit‐tax relationship, business group affiliation, and external monitoring in china
Authors: Lin Kenny Z. , Shi Shanshan , Tang Feng 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis study examines whether business group affiliation weakens the sensitivity of income tax expense to pretax income, while external monitoring mechanisms mitigate the effect of group affiliation. We find that this sensitivity is weaker for Chinese listed firms affiliated with a top 500 business group than for unaffiliated firms. Economically, our coefficient estimate implies that group affiliation weakens tax sensitivity to income by 5.2% in relative terms. However, we find that tax sensitivity improved in the post‐2008 period and with the presence of strong monitoring mechanisms by means of tax enforcement, analyst scrutiny, and long‐term institutional shareholding. To the extent that unexplained variation in current tax expense at a given income level is indicative of aggressive tax behavior, our results suggest that effective external monitoring can mitigate this behavior in group‐affiliated firms.
How Agencies Market Egg Donation on the Internet: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Keehn Jason , Howell Eve , Sauer Mark V. , Klitzman Robert 
Published: January 2021

Oocyte donation has been used to treat human infertility for nearly 30 years, and remains particularly popular in helping women of advanced reproductive age, yet it also poses ethical concerns. Due to increasing demand and undersupply of available oocyte (or egg) donors, a niche business has developed in which “agencies” assist physician practices in advertising, recruiting, screening and even “matching” donors to recipients in need of such services. The advent of the Internet has increased the number and visibility of these services, creating a market in which programs bid for women perceived as having desired traits and superior pedigrees. A few questionable ethical aspects of these agencies have been examined by ourselves and others, including patterns of monetary compensation that directly conflict with the American Society for Reproductive Medicine's (ASRM) ethical guidelines, but many questions remain unexamined.For-profit agencies that recruit and often match egg donors with intended parents exist alongside licensed, professional fertility clinics that actually perform the medical procedures.