bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of risk level, remaining life prediction, and risk based inspection planning based on API 581
Authors: Agistina Alia , Budiasih Endang , Pramoso Aji 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Electricity can be produced through several types of plants, one of which is Geothermal Power Plant (PLTP). One company that manages Geothermal Power Plants in Indonesia is PT Indonesia Power. In processing geothermal into electricity, companies need machines that work well in any condition, one of which is a separator machine that functions as a separator of geothermal steam with impurities. To keep the separator machine working properly, proper inspection is needed. Inspections can be done by a variety of methods, but inspections of separators should use a risk-based inspection method. Therefore, the study was conducted by applying a risk based inspection method based on API 581 Second Edition to determine the level of risk, the remaining life of the machine, and the planning of inspections (intervals and inspection techniques) on the machine. The level of risk for all separator units is medium high with a risk category of 1E, which has a low probability of failure and high failure consequences. The estimated age of the remaining machines working according to their functions based on research for unit I is 25 years, for unit II 13 years, and for unit III 18 years. This affects the inspection intervals in each unit, unit I should be inspected every 6 years, unit II is inspected every 3 years, and unit III is inspected every 4 years with a thorough inspection and thickness measurement as an inspection technique.
Differences in braking time in symmetric and asymmetric tire tread pattern type
Authors: Partono  , Kusuma Fuad Indra , Sumarli  , Ismail Hasan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Identification of tire tread type characteristics needs to be taken into consideration when choosing a tire. The accuracy of choosing a tire will help ensure the safety of the rider. The identification procedure is by comparing symmetrical and asymmetrical 1-way direction tires. The parameter is the braking time needed for the vehicle to stop. The braking time required by asymmetric type 1-way direction tires is shorter than symmetrical type. So, motorists are advised to choose asymmetric type 1-way direction tires to get a shorter braking time.
Pile defect quality control analysis on construction company in East Java
Authors: Widiyawati Sri , Lukodono Rio Prasetyo , Lustyana Astuteryanti Tri , Juliawati Luciana 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A production process has a possibility of product defects; the types of defects commonly found in pile products are porous concrete defects, dented joint plate defects, pile dimensions deviation defects, etc. The defect of the product needs to be controlled because it can cause losses to the company. Therefore, in this study, data processing was conducted on pile defect products using statistical process control. An analysis was then performed using the Pareto Chart to determine the types of defects that occur most often. After that, identifying the problems causes that occur in terms of man, machine, method, materials, money, and environment by using fishbone diagrams; so that recommendations for improvement can be given to the company. The results showed that, based on the Pareto principle, 80% of the defects types that occur include the type of porous concrete defects, the type of dented sheath plate defects, and types of joint plate dimension defects. The type of defect with the highest frequency is a porous concrete defects type. Recommendations for improvement that can be given include providing training to workers, maintaining machinery, improving product quality, and providing alternative electrical energy sources.
Evaluation of the standard deviation of droplet speed on grey-scale technique of DoD inkjet printer
Authors: Oktavianty Oke , Haruyama Shigeyuki , Ishii Yoshie , Kyoutani Tadayuki , Darmawan Zefry , Novareza Oyong , Sirait Marudut 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The print quality of an inkjet printer is determined by the quality of the droplets. The droplet quality of a DoD inkjet printer is affected by speed variation between the droplets that generated from different nozzles. The effectiveness of a preliminary vibration using the W waveform design to generate spherical droplet without satellite and ligament has been denoted from previous studies. The waveform design considered to influence the speed variations of droplet. The standard deviation of droplet speed from different waveform design was investigate and evaluated. In this study, it is evidenced that by performing rear-wave adjustment on the W wave design can effectively reduce the standard deviation of droplet speed and produce the highest average speed.
Automation of occupational safety and health (K3) electricity based on internet of things (IoT)
Authors: Sholihah Qomariyatus , Hardiningtyas Dewi , Hulukati Stephan Adriansyah , Kuncoro Wahyudi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The use of computers in the future can to dominate human work and defeat human computing capabilities such as controlling electronic equipment remotely using internet media, IOT (Internet of Things) allows users to manage and optimize electronics and electrical equipment that uses the internet for Automation of Work Safety and Health (K3) Internet Based Electricity of Things (IoT). Design of Automation Occupational Safety and Health (K3) Electricity Based on the Internet of Things (IoT). which is used to test the installation of research instrument equipment. This needs to be done to ensure that the installation and research instruments function properly at the actual time of the experiment. Devices that have been made by researchers can work well as expected, where the automation of the protection of Occupational Health and Safety (K3) Internet-Based Electricity of Things (IoT) so that it can provide initial assistance in the event of work accidents caused by gas leakage and fire monitored online by panel space operators.
Design of experiment of material level settings on the factors affecting the quality of calcium silicate board by using the Taguchi method
Authors: Hendra Franka , Margaretha  , Supriyono  , Vidhia Clara , Rosalinda  
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The main purpose of this paper is to identify and determine the level of regulation on factors that influence the type and characteristics of the pulp so that it can produce optimal quality Calcium Silicate Boards. The experiments were carried out using the Taguchi method and using quality characteristics: strength, deflection, density, and water absorption. Then, the factors that influence product quality are the use of pulp percentage, pulp type, and pulp composition. Data processing uses two analyzes to determine the optimal level setting, which consists of mean analysis and signal to noise ratio analysis, then an experiment is carried out to confirm the predictive value of the level setting factor under optimal conditions. The results showed that the type and composition of the pulp affected the strength and density of the product, the use of the percentage of the pulp affected the deflection of the product, and all factors did not affect the absorption of product water, with an optimal level of regulation: 9.8% percentage of pulp, Y type of pulp, and 100% pulp composition. Confirmation results obtained an average value of the strength test was 154.5 kg / cm2, 13 mm for the deflection test, 1.3275 g / cm3 for the density test and 36.35% for the water absorption test.
The effect of pouring temperatures to tensile strength and porosity of aluminium processed with vacuum casting
Authors: Nurhidayah Ichwan , Aminnudin  , Afifah Nurul 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Pouring temperature also affects the mechanical properties of aluminium. High pouring temperature will make aluminium grains become large and a lot of gas will be trapped into the liquid metal when the metal is poured into the mould. The right temperature will prevent metal porosity and the metal does not freeze before filling the entire moulds cavity. The casting process used permanent mould. Temperature of the moulds was 150 °C and the pressure 0.35 atm (absolute pressure). Pouring temperature were 750, 800 and 850 °C. The increasing pouring temperature reduce the tensile strength and specific density of aluminium. Pouring temperature aluminium in vacuum casting system at 750 °C produce the highest tensile strength (130.26 MPa). The specific density of the aluminium is 2.65 g/cm3
Low pressure casting effect to tensile strength of aluminium
Authors: Aminnudin  , Anwar Muhammad Said 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The air in the mould cavity is pushed out by liquid metal when the liquid metal entered mould cavity. In green sand-casting process, the air passes through the pores in the mould. Permanent mould doesn’t have pores and the air released from the mould cavity only through air outlet. Low pressure on mould cavity make liquid metal easier and faster filling the mould cavity, and make casting process can be done at lower temperature, the main focus of this research is about effect of pouring temperature on the low-pressure casting process to tensile strength and porosity of the aluminium. The casting process carried out at 750, 800 and 850°C. Aluminium smelting uses electric furnace and the mould used is a metal mould with a pressure of 0.33 atm. The casting process on aluminium at low pressure (-0.33 atm) and at a temperature of 750 °C produces the highest tensile strength compared to aluminium casting at 800 and 850 °C. The increasing pouring temperature increasing porosity of aluminium is from 1.86% at 750 °C to 4.03% at 850 °C.
Improved mechanical properties with the soaking time of NaOH in composites made from sugarcane bagasse fibers for future windmill blades material
Authors: Laksono Andromeda Dwi , Faisyal Muhammad , Kurniawati Diniar Mungil , Awali Jatmoko , Ramadhan Gilang , Rozikin Muhammad Nurhidayatur 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of 5% NaOH alkalization and soaking time for 1 hour, 2 hours and 3 hours on mechanical properties by tensile and impact testing and scanning electron microscope (SEM) on composites with sugarcane bagasse fiber reinforcement and epoxy matrix which have the potential as future wind turbine blades material. The method used in the manufacture of composites was a hand lay-up method with a volume fraction ratio of 60% epoxy matrix and 40% waste sugarcane bagasse fiber. The optimum results of this composite study showed the impact strength value on the composite with 5% NaOH soaking for 2 hours was 0.120 Jmm-2, the tensile strength value was on the composite with 5% NaOH soaking for 2 hours at 10.80 MPa. SEM analysis results on the tensile test fracture pattern showed that composites have failed in the form of fiber pull out and debonding which can reduce mechanical properties, especially in strength. In this study, it was concluded that the alkalization process of 5% NaOH for 2 hours had a significant influence on improving the mechanical properties of sugarcane-epoxy fiber composites.
Conduction mechanism of Co-doped ZnO transparent memristive devices
Authors: Simanjuntak Firman Mangasa , Chandrasekaran Sridhar , Prasad Om Kumar , Gapsari Femiana , Prodromakis Themis , Tseng Tseung-Yuen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The Co dopant substitutes the Zn atomic position in the hexagonal crystal lattice and generates acceptor defects. These defects play significant role in modulating the conduction mechanism of the memristive device. The devices without Co dopant have high concentration of donor defects so that the electron can flow easily through hopping these donor defects; henceforth, only weak filaments can be formed during the set process. Meanwhile, the increase of the acceptor defects in the films enhances the film resistivity. This acceptor defects also contribute to an increase of barrier height at the electrode/dielectric interface where the electrons require higher energy to overcome this barrier and, eventually, induce the formation of strong filaments during the set process.
Voids analysis on polyester matrix composites reinforced with a combination of Bambusa bluemena fiber and fiber glass from tensile test results
Authors: Syarief Akhmad , Raliannoor  , Isworo Hajar , Sabitah A’yan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Composites with BQTN 157-EX polyester matrix Yukalac reinforced with bambusablumeanafiber and glass fiber are used to find the right reinforcement composition. For natural fibers that are used to get special treatment, namely the separation of fibers by alkaline immersion process. The mixing process of the 2%, 2.5% and 3% reinforcement volume fraction was used for ASTM D638M-84 tensile testing variations. The maximum tensile strength is obtained in the bamboo powder and glass fiber fraction with a length of 5 mm with a value of 53.581 MPa. Void observations in the form of bubbles were carried out by quantitative metallographic analysis of ASTM E112-10 standards. The result of macroscopic enlargement, most voids in the volume fraction of reinforcement 3% of bamboo fiberhaur and glass 5 mm long an average of 9 point grid. The greater the volume volume fraction of the mixed bamboo and fiberglass, increasing the likelihood of voids occurring.
FTIR analysis of alkali treatment on bacterial cellulose films obtained from pineapple peel juice
Authors: Suryanto Heru , Aminnudin  , Mahsuli  , Wijaya Husni Wahyu , Yanuhar Uun 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to identify the functional group of bacterial cellulose films (BCF) treated by alkali (NaOH) solution. The research methods were BCF production using medium culture based on pineapple peel juice. The resulted pellicle was immersed in the alkali of 0%, 1%, 5%, and 10%. Pellicle was dried in the oven to obtain BCF. Functional group of the sample was recorded by an FTIR instrument. BCF surface was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The result shows that structure of BCF contains cellulose I and cellulose II. The functional group of BCF before and after the treatment were at wave number 3400 cm−1, 2900 cm−1, 2133 cm−1, 1635 cm−1, 1373 cm−1, 1067 cm−1. Alkali treatment caused the peak band at 2135 cm−1to be reduced due to the breaking of the triple bond of alkynes.
Mechanical properties of starch-based biocomposite: The effect of acidic atmosphere treatment
Authors: Setyamarsa Y A , Suryanto H , Kustono D , Aminnudin A. , Suyetno A , Edy D L , Pradana Y R A , Lubis D Z , Bintara R D 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The objective of this study was to obtain the mechanical properties of starch-based biocomposites after treated in an acidic atmosphere. The research applies the tapioca starch, glycerol, distillate water, and nanoclay as biocomposite raw materials. Starch-based biocomposite was made by casting method. Acid sources for acidic atmosphere treatment were acetic acid with various pH of 1, 3, and 5 with exposure time for 4 hours. Characterization of biocomposite was conducted using tensile test, SEM and FTIR analysis. The acidic atmosphere treatment results decreasing both in the tensile strength and modulus in higher acidic atmosphere. The tensile test of biocomposite treated by the acidic atmosphere with acidic source pH 5 has an optimum modulus of 36.9 MPa and tensile strength of 9.1 MPa. The functional group of biocomposite changed after treatment in wavenumber of 2358 cm−1.
Hidden bioactive of caryophyllene inside Keruing wood
Authors: Malik Jamaludin , Santoso Adi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the utilization of natural resources, there is often something problematic on one side, but there are benefits on the other side. Utilization of natural resources in the form of wood should be directed at a variety of efforts that are more diverse, not focused on wood only. Bearing in mind that trees contain not only lignocellulosic components, but other high-value materials. Research was conducted on one species of wood that is considered problematic in wood processing, namely Keruing (Dipterocarous hasseltii). The results showed that the Keruing wood contained extractive substances with the main compound of bioactive caryophyllene which is widely used by the pharmaceutical, food and cosmetics industries. The total caryophyllene content in extractive wood reached 47.68%.
Core sandwich material development based on vinyl ester bioresin for ship structure application
Authors: Tuswan Tuswan , Zubaydi Achmad , Piscesa Bambang , Sari Eli Novita , Ismail Abdi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Development of lightweight core sandwich based bioresin for ship structure application needs more attention. Bioresin from vegetable oils constitutes single, easily available, low cost, and biodegradable materials. In this research, the vinyl ester bioresin based Vinyl Ester-Coconut Oil (VE-CO) and Vinyl Esters-Soybean Oil (VE-SbO) containing 4 wt% vegetable oils are developed. The influence of vegetable oil addition in bioresin is characterized by visual observation and physical testing, including FTIR, density, hardness, and tensile test based on Lloyds Register standard. Visual testing shows that VE without vegetable oil is more transparent compared with VE with vegetable oil. The density test shows that adding vegetable oil decrease the apparent density. Vibration pattern indicates the presence of O-H, C-H, C=O, C=C, and C-O-C, which demonstrate the ability to bind, which leads to the potential formation of a polymer blend and elongation increase. Moreover, hardness decreases due to the absence of chemical bonds that occur between vinyl esters and vegetable oils. The addition of vegetable oil to vinyl ester bioresin reduces tensile strength and increases the elongation at break. So, density and tensile strength criteria meet Lloyd’s Register Standard while the other criteria are not fulfilled.
Technical analysis of biocomposite reinforced with sugar palm (Arenga Pinnata) fiber for jukung materials
Authors: Samlawi Achmad Kusairi , Ansyah Pathur Razi , Cahyono Gunawan Rudi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effect of composition between sugar palm fiber (Arenga Pinnata) and polyester resin as composite materials. The parameters are focused on impact strength, tensile strength, and modulus of elasticity and are compared to Badan Klasifikasi Indonesia (BKI) standard which is Regulations for the Classification and Construction of Ship in Indonesia. The composition of fiber and resins is 30:70%, 40:60%, and 50:50% using mass fraction. The angle orientation of fiber is 0,90,0,90 and manufacturing process uses the hand lay up method. Impact testing is carried out with the ASTM D5942-96 standard and Tensile Testing is carried out with the ASTM D638-03 standard. The results showed that the composition of 50:50% is the highest test value compared to other compositions, with average impact strength of 1.703 x 1016 kg mm−2, tensile strength of 27.13 N mm-2 and modulus of elasticity of 790.01 N mm−2. Although the results of the value of the impact test, tensile test and modulus of elasticity of the composition of the mass fraction of sugar palm fiber (Arenga Pinnata) material are still below the BKI standard, it still has the potential to continue to be developed as an alternative raw material for making Jukung (traditional boat in Banjarmasin).
Failure analysis of a gas turbine blade: A review
Authors: Puspitasari Poppy , Andoko Andoko , Kurniawan Pradhana 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Blade is an essential component of a gas turbine that functions to convert thermal gas energy at a high temperature and pressure into mechanical energy. Gas in the turbine blade works at a high temperature and pressure. High temperatures and pressures cause turbine blades to be one part of turbine components that often fails. Failure of the blade results in performance and turbine efficiency. The cause of failure on the blade is influenced by several factors, including fatigue, creep, oxidation, degradation of the coating on the turbine blade, corrosion, erosion, and surface degradation due to working at high temperatures. The hot temperature on the blades work on turbines around 1927 F to 3500 F and is one of the main factors in the failure rate. Individual blade failure rates differ due to operating temperature, rotation speed, operating mode, total service time, and differences in fabrication. This article discusses several case studies of failure in turbine hot section components such as blades to support the failure investigation is the key to improving turbine efficiency.
The effect of pin probe length on the characteristic of dissimilar metal Al-CuZn lap joint using friction stir welding (FSW)
Authors: Setiawan Widia , Thoha Muhammad Badarudin , Surojo  , Santoso Nugroho 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Dissimilar lap joint between aluminum 6061 and brass is performed by using friction stir welding (FSW) method where universal milling machine is used to implement this method. The parameters that use in welding are probe design with a varied length of pin probe 11.0 mm, 11.5 mm and 12.0 mm at 2000 rpm rotation of machine and feedrate 10 mm min−1. The macrostructure result of pin probe length 11.0 mm better than of pin probe 11.5 mm and 12.0 mm. The mechanical properties results with a pin probe length 11.5 mm a higher mean hardness value of 104.26 VHN than a pin probe length 11.0 mm and 12.0 mm with hardness values of 98.93 VHN and 70.43 VHN. Shear stress result of 67.32 MPa with a pin probe length 12 mm, better than of pin probe length 11.0 mm and 11.5 mm shear values of 40.2 MPa and 42.14 MPa.
Effect of thermal cycling on the cold rolled AISI 316L with varying degree of reduction toward their microstructure and hardness
Authors: Mubarok Fahmi , Rosalina Amanda 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Orthopedic implants had been widely used to treat bone fractures. One of the selected materials for an implant is austenitic stainless steel AISI 316L following the ASTM F138 standard. These implants had been produced locally in Indonesia using investment casting method. Even though the mechanical properties of local implant had met ASTM standards requirements, it was found to be lower in their properties as compared to the imported implant from developed countries. In order to compete with these imported products, local implant 316L was modified by reducing their grain size microstructures of about 83.17 µm on average to become finer grain through recrystallization mechanism. The mechanism can be triggered by thermal cycling treatment after 316L was subjected to cold rolling process. The cold rolling process will induce stored strain energy that affects the dislocation density. Different degrees of cold rolling reduction of 52%, 60%, 69%, 80%, and 90% will give different amounts of dislocation density that will affect the recrystallization stage during thermal cycling. It was found that after thermal cycling treatment at 900 C for 35 seconds with 4 cycles, homogenous full recrystallization was confirmed on 80% and 90% reduction degree samples. The average grain size of 80 and 90% reduction degree samples were decreased from 83.17 µm on average detected in the investment casting product to 3.26 µm and 2.87 µm, respectively. This had resulted also in increased average hardness from 159 HV2 to 257 HV2 and 267 HV2 respectively. Conversely, only partial recrystallization was observed in the other degree of reduction samples. The obtained hardness provides lower value than 80% and 90% reduction degree with larger average grain size being detected on these samples.