bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Barunga Aboriginal community implemented and sustained an anaemia program – A case study evaluation
Authors: Phillips Jodi , Brunette Raelene , Hefler Marita , Brimblecombe Julie , Kearns Therese 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIssue addressedAnaemia persists as a public health issue in many Aboriginal communities despite having standard practice guidelines. This case study reveals how Barunga Aboriginal Community in the Northern Territory (NT), Australia, implemented an Anaemia Program (1998‐2016) which contributed to low anaemia prevalence in children aged under 5 years.MethodsThis retrospective qualitative case study used purposive sampling to describe the Anaemia Program and factors influencing its implementation. Themes were developed from convergence of three data sources: interviews, program observation and document review. Data were inductively analysed by an Aboriginal and non‐Aboriginal researcher and themes were validated by Barunga community health practitioners and compared to practice guidelines and implementation literature.ResultsHealth practitioners reported that the Anaemia Program contributed to a marked reduction in childhood anaemia prevalence over time. This was supported by available prevalence data. The locally adapted Anaemia Program was unique in the NT with a novel approach to community supplementation for anaemia prevention in addition to anaemia treatment. Supportive implementation influences included: Aboriginal leadership and the use of culturally supportive processes which reinforced the development of trust and strong relationships facilitating community acceptance of the Program. Routine, opportunistic and flexible health care practice, a holistic approach and a stable, skilled and experienced team sustained program implementation.ConclusionsThe holistic and successful Barunga Anaemia Program is supported by evidence and guidelines for treating and preventing childhood anaemia. The contextualisation of these guidelines aligned with the literature on effective Aboriginal primary health care implementation.So what?This Anaemia Program provides a model for implementation of evidence‐informed guidelines in an Aboriginal primary health care setting.
Comparison of dienogest versus combined oral contraceptive pills in the treatment of women with adenomyosis: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Hassanin Ahmed I. , Youssef Ahmed A. , Yousef Asmaa M. , Ali Mohammed K. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the efficacy and safety of dienogest with combined oral contraceptives (COCs) for treating adenomyosis‐associated symptoms.MethodsThis was a randomized clinical trial including women with symptomatic adenomyosis conducted from March 1, 2019 to August 1, 2020 at Assiut Woman's Health Hospital, Egypt. Participants were randomly assigned to the dienogest group or COCs group. The primary outcome was the level of adenomyosis‐associated pain from before to 6 months after treatment measured by a visual analog scale (VAS). Changes in the uterine bleeding pattern, uterine volume, and uterine artery blood flow were also reported.ResultsThe VAS score of pain was significantly decreased in both groups; however, the decreased rate was more pronounced in the dienogest group (3.21 ± 1.18) in comparison with the COCs group (4.92 ± 1.22). Bleeding pattern was improved greatly; uterine volume and uterine artery blood flow decreased significantly in the dienogest group. However, women in the dienogest group reported a higher rate of side effects.ConclusionDienogest and COCs are effective in treating adenomyosis‐associated symptoms after 6 months of use but dienogest is more effective. The decrease in uterine volume and uterine artery blood flow may be the cause of the treatment effect. Dienogest carries a higher risk of side effects.Clinical trial.gov: NCT03890042.
Eradicating cervical cancer: Lessons learned from Rwanda and Australia
Authors: Kramer Julia 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBoth Rwanda and Australia have made significant strides to eradicate cervical cancer. To understand the successes in Rwanda and Australia, a comparative policy analysis was conducted based on key informant interviews and a review of peer‐reviewed literature and policy briefs. Notable findings were identified that offer lessons for countries across the income spectrum. To address cervical cancer, low‐ and middle‐income countries can leverage foreign aid, international collaboration, and strong political advocacy, as Rwanda did. High‐income countries can invest in translational research that builds capacity from basic science research to implementation of novel and impactful health products and services, as Australia did. All countries can consider rolling out HPV vaccination by targeting the social and/or physical environment (e.g., a school‐based vaccination program, as both Rwanda and Australia did). Cervical cancer is preventable, and eradication is within reach for countries across the income spectrum around the world. Cervical cancer screening programs are needed to minimize the incidence of and mortality from cervical cancer in the short term, and HPV vaccination programs are the best strategy to eradicate cervical cancer in the long term.
The impacts of insufficient sleep and its change during pregnancy on postpartum depression: A prospective cohort study of Korean women
Authors: Yun Bo Seong , Shim So Hyun , Cho Hee Young , Heo Seok‐Jae , Jung Inkyung , Jeon Haeng Jun , Han You Jung , Kwak Dong Wook , Kim Min Hyung , Park Hee Jin , Chung Jin Hoon , Cha Dong Hyun , Kim Moon Young , Ryu Hyun Mee , Shim Sung Shin , Lee Su Young 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the association between insufficient sleep in the prenatal period and postpartum depression (PPD), and whether changes in sleep patterns during pregnancy increase the risk of PPD.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted between March 2013 and November 2017. Participants completed a sleep questionnaire pre‐pregnancy and at 12, 24 and 36 gestational weeks (GW). Depressive symptoms were assessed by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) at 4 weeks postpartum, and the cut‐off score for PPD was 10 or more.ResultsOf 2512 participants, 410 (16.3%) were identified as having PPD. Only insufficient sleep at 36 GW was significantly associated with PPD after adjusting for confounding factors (odds ratio 1.79, 95% confidence interval 1.40–2.27, P < 0.001). Both Group 1 (change from sufficient to insufficient) and Group 3 (sustained insufficient) demonstrated a significant risk of PPD at all starting time‐points in the multivariate analysis, but no significant association was evident between Group 2 (change from insufficient to sufficient) and PPD.ConclusionInsufficient sleep at 36 GW was associated with a significant risk of developing PPD. Additionally, regardless of whether women had sufficient sleep, a shift towards worsening sleep at 36 GW was highly associated with PPD.
Development and validation of the Attachment Relationship Inventory—Caregiver Perception 2–5 years (ARI‐CP 2–5): Psychometric structure, external validity, and norms
Authors: Spruit Anouk , Colonnesi Cristina , Wissink Inge , Uittenbogaard Renée , Willems Lucia , Stams Geert‐Jan , Noom Marc 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTThere is a lack of instruments assessing child–caregiver attachment relationships in early childhood to be used in attachment‐based practice, in particular from a caregiver's perception, which is an important factor of clinical importance to take into account in parenting interventions targeting young children. Therefore, the 48‐item Attachment Relationship Inventory—Caregiver Perception 2–5 years (ARI‐CP 2–5) was developed. Survey data of 446 caregivers of 2‐ to 5‐year‐old children were collected, and a subsample of 83 caregivers participated in an observation study. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed a four‐factor structure of secure, avoidant, ambivalent, and disorganized attachment relationship. Indications of configural, metric, and scalar invariance were found for caregivers’ and children's sex, children's age, and population (clinical vs. general population). The four scales showed sufficient internal consistency and significant associations with children's psychopathology, caregivers’ general attachment representations, caregivers’ mind‐mindedness, and population type. Moreover, preliminary evidence for convergent validity with observational attachment measures was found. It is concluded that the ARI‐CP 2–5 is a valid instrument that can be used as part of the screening and assessment of insecure attachment relationships.
NiO‐MnO2/Nb2O5‐TiO2 catalyzed reaction integration of butanal self‐condensation and successive hydrogenation and its kinetics
Authors: Li Sibo , Zhang Jiaxun , An Hualiang , Wang Guirong , Zhao Xinqiang , Wang Yanji 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe reaction integration of butanal self‐condensation and successive hydrogenation (that is, one‐step synthesis of 2‐ethylhexanol from butanal) is an efficiency way to simply process flow and reduce energy consumption for the commercial manufacture of 2‐ethylhexanol (2EHO). In the present work, a NiO‐MnO2/Nb2O5‐TiO2 catalyst was prepared for the integration reaction to reach a high 2‐ethylhexanol selectivity. Furthermore, the reaction integration was investigated kinetically for the next scale‐up.RESULTSA 2EHO selectivity of 90.0% was achieved at a complete conversion of butanal with the help of reduction‐in‐reaction technique in this reaction integration. The reaction rate of butanal is determined by the reversible aldol self‐condensation reaction and its direct hydrogenation reaction. The reaction order with respect to butanal in the two reactions is, respectively, 2.004 and 1.004. The activation energy of the hydrogenation reaction is higher than that of the forward reaction of the self‐condensation, suggesting the suppressive effect the reaction integration on the direct hydrogenation.CONCLUSIONThe reaction integration promotes butanal self‐condensation and successive hydrogenation and it suppresses butanal direct hydrogenation by using NiO‐MnO2/Nb2O5‐TiO2 catalyst with the help of reduction‐in‐reaction technique, giving rise to a pretty high selectivity of 2‐ethylhexanol. The establishment of the integration reaction kinetics will lay the foundation for reactor design and analysis. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
Influence of electric field strength on the microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons
Authors: Zheng Xuecheng , Tang Jia , Lai Nanjun 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDMicrobial remediation of petroleum‐contaminated soil is a low‐cost technology that does not produce secondary pollution. However, the microbial degradation cycle is often time consuming and inefficient on account of the strong hydrophobicity of petroleum hydrocarbons.RESULTSThis study took contaminated soil around a well site in Xinjiang as the research object, isolated Bacillus from this soil to conduct experiments on the microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons, and applied an external DC electric field to this system to enhance the microbial degradation rate. Results showed that a degradation rate of 69.1% within 9 days and soil dehydrogenase activity of 401 mg L−1 h−1 could be achieved under an applied electric field intensity of 1.5 V cm−1. Compared with the degradation effect without an electric field, the maximum degradation efficiency was improved to 73.1% in the presence of an electric field. The degradation kinetics obtained to fit the 3/2‐order kinetic equation well, and the degradation half‐life was 51–111 h.CONCLUSIONAnalysis of the petroleum degradation products revealed that the electric field enhances microbial degradation. Specifically, the electric field could not only accelerate the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by microorganisms but also change the products obtained after degradation. This study provides a research reference for the in situ remediation of petroleum hydrocarbon pollution. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
Green synthesis of sulfur‐doped g‐C3N4 nanosheets for enhanced removal of oxytetracycline under visible‐light irradiation and reduction of its N‐nitrosodimethylamine formation potential
Authors: Dou Yicheng , Shen Xingyu , Zou Jinte , Shi Runzhe , Yan Tingting , Sun Qiya , Wang Lin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn this study, sulfur‐doped g‐C3N4 (SCN) nanosheets were synthesized using thiourea as a precursor, and then used to catalyze the degradation of oxytetracycline (OTC) under visible‐light irradiation. OTC was chosen as target contaminant because of it being an important precursor of N‐nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA).RESULTSThe removal of OTC was influenced by its initial concentration, initial pH, SCN dosage and water matrices. OTC (≤10 mg L−1) was almost completely removed in 40 min under the conditions of an initial pH of 7.0 and a SCN dose of 1.0 g L−1, and its degradation was well described by the pseudo‐first‐order kinetics model. Water matrices would also influence the degradation of OTC in the system. Electron paramagnetic resonance analysis and trapping experiments confirmed that the function of the radicals for OTC removal followed the order of •O2− > •OH > h+. Eight transformation products were determined during the degradation of OTC, it being removed through four pathways: methyl oxidization, demethylation, decarbonylation and secondary alcohol oxidation. SCN was stable in the system, as the removal efficiency of OTC was not significantly reduced even after three recycles. In addition, 55.5% of NDMA formation potential of OTC was reduced after SCN catalytic oxidation.CONCLUSIONSThe results imply that the visible‐light‐driven SCN catalytic oxidation is an effective technology not only for the removal of OTC but also for the reduction of NDMA formation potential. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
Programmed cell death during the formation of rhytidome and interxylary cork in roots of Astragalus membranaceus (Leguminosae)
Authors: Han Xiaojing , Zhou Yafu , Ni Xilu , Chu Shanshan , Cheng Ming'en , Tan Lingling , Zha Liangping , Peng Huasheng 
Published: January 2021

AbstractProgrammed cell death (PCD) plays a critical role throughout the lives of plants, it is regarded as a highly regulated and active process of plant cell death during the times of biotic or abiotic stress. This study aims to provide developmental anatomical characteristics of the interxylary cork formation in the roots of Astragalus. membranaceus var. mongholicus, and to subsequently show cytomorphological evidence that PCD is involved in the development of rhytidome and interxylary cork. The developmental anatomy of rhytidome and interxylary cork of the perennial fresh main root of A. membranaceus var. mongholicus was studied using light microscopy, whereas the PCD in the development of rhytidome and interxylary cork was studied using fluorescence microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Histologically, it was observed that the parenchyma cells of secondary phloem and xylem in roots recovered their meristematic ability, and later developed into rhytidome and interxylary cork. Cytologically, ultrastructural characteristics such as nucleus malformation, vacuole disappearance, mitochondrial degeneration, and vesicle filling were observed. In roots, the nucleus of the phloem parenchyma cells were terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated dUTP nick‐end labeling (TUNEL)‐positive from the pre‐rhytidome stage to the formation of rhytidome stage and 4′,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI)‐negative during the mature rhytidome stage. The TUNEL assay of the xylem parenchyma cells showed positive characteristics from the early stage of interxylary cork formation to the interxylary cork formation stage, whereas DAPI‐negative characteristics were observed in the mature interxylary cork. Gel electrophoresis showed that DNA cleavage was random. Our results indicated that the formation of the rhytidome and interxylary cork involved the PCD process.
A novel design of surface acoustic wave‐based chipless radio frequency identification tag based on multiphysics modeling
Authors: Zhang Li , Su Hao Hui , Tong Mei Song 
Published: January 2021

AbstractRadio frequency identification (RFID) technique is a kind of wireless, automatic identification technology that is being widely used. Compared to other identification methods such as bar code and two‐dimensional code (quick response code or QR code), the RFID technique has several remarkable merits, such as long reading distance, strong penetrating ability, pollution resistance, high reading efficiency, small size, and large information storage. However, the technique involves high cost and cannot be accepted by cost‐sensitive commodities or applications. To reduce its cost, chipless RFID tags were proposed in recent years using surface acoustic wave (SAW) to read and store the information is one such RFID tags. The tags feature small size, high flexibility, strong radiation resistance, high consistency and repeatability, as well as high temperature stability. In this paper, we propose a novel design for the SAW‐based RFID tags by using the commercial software COMSOL and analyze the performance of SAW tags with different structures.
Effect of sugarcane bagasse as industrial by‐products treated withLactobacillus caseiTH14, cellulase and molasses on feed utilization, ruminal ecology and milk production of mid‐lactating Holstein Friesian cows
Authors: So Sarong , Wanapat Metha , Cherdthong Anusorn 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe study aimed to evaluate the effect ofLactobacillus caseiTH14, cellulase, and molasses combination fermented sugarcane bagasse (SB) as an exclusive roughage source in the total mixed ration (TMR) for mid‐lactation 75% crossbred Holstein cows on feed intake, digestibility, ruminal ecology, milk yield and milk composition. Four multiparous mid‐lactation crossbred (75% Holstein Friesian and 25% Thai native breed) dairy cows of 439 ± 16 kg body weight, 215 ± 5 days in milk and average milk yield 10 ± 2 kg d−1were assigned to a 4 × 4 Latin square design. The unfermented SB (SB‐TMR), SB fermented with cellulase and molasses (CM‐TMR), SB fermented withL. caseiTH14 and molasses (LM‐TMR), and SB fermented withL. caseiTH14, cellulase and molasses (LCM‐TMR) were used as dietary treatments.RESULTSCM‐TMR, LM‐TMR and LCM‐TMR significantly (P < 0.01) increased dry matter and fiber digestibility, gross energy and metabolizable energy intake (P < 0.05), blood glucose, total volatile fatty acids (P < 0.05), propionic acid and milk yield, but decreased ammonia, acetic acid, acetic:propionic ratio and methane production (P < 0.05) when compared with the SB‐TMR. Compared with fermented SB treatments, LCM‐TMR had lower (P < 0.05) ruminal ammonia and greater blood glucose (P < 0.01); LCM‐TMR showed (P < 0.05) greater volatile fatty acids, propionic acid, milk yield and total solids, and lower acetic:propionic ratio (P < 0.01); methane, protozoa and somatic cell count were found to be lowest in LCM‐TMR.CONCLUSIONCombination ofL. caseiTH14 and additives (LCM‐TMR) effectively enhanced feed use, rumen ecology and milk production of Holstein Friesian cows. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
Influence of tillage practices on phosphorus forms in aggregates of Mollisols from northeast China
Authors: He Jinxi , Du Lin , Zhai Cheng , Guan Yupeng , Wu Shuai , Zhang Zehui , Ogundeji Abiola O , Gu Siyu 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDPhosphorus (P) is an essential mineral nutrient for crop growth and development. Much remains unknown regarding the content and distribution of P forms in different soil aggregates as affected by tillage practices. A 3‐year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of no‐tillage (NT), rotary tillage (RT), subsoiling (SS), and deep tillage (DT) on soil aggregate distribution pattern, aggregate‐associated P content, and to understand the conversion trend.RESULTSTillage has the potential to accelerate the processes in transforming macro‐aggregates (> 0.25 mm) into micro‐aggregates (< 0.25 mm). Greatest aggregate stability was attained under RT. Total phosphorus (TP) and available phosphorus (AP) under NT were increased by 21.1–82.0% in contrast to other tillage treatments. The NT had high content in inorganic phosphorus (IP), aluminum phosphorus (Al‐P), and iron phosphorus (Fe‐P) with 416.7, 107.9, and 99.1 mg·kg−1 on average, respectively. Aggregates with a size dimension of < 2 mm were more sensitive than other sizes of aggregates. IP was evenly distributed throughout all aggregates, ranging from 336.3 to 430.6 mg kg−1. No differences in organic phosphorus (OP) were found in all tillage treatments, while NT promoted the transformation of labile OP to IP. The AP and OP were generally more abundant in aggregates of 2 to 0.25 mm and < 0.25 mm.CONCLUSIONShort‐term NT can improve soil structure and increase P reserves, thus, enhancing the conversion of P from being scarce to available. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
Implementation of the coupled two‐mode phase field crystal model with Cahn–Hilliard for phase‐separation in battery electrode particles
Authors: Chockalingam Karthikeyan , Dörfler Willy 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this article, we present the behavior of two‐mode phase field crystal (2MPFC) method under a concentration dependent deformation. A mixed finite element formulation is proposed for the 2MPFC method that solves a 10th‐order parabolic equation. Lithium concentration diffusion in the electrode particle is captured by the Cahn–Hilliard (CH) equation and the host electrode material,LixMn2O4(LMO), which has a face‐centered cubic (fcc) lattice structure, is modeled using 2MPFC. The coupling between 2MPFC and CH models brings about the concentration dependent deformation in the polycrystalline LMO electrode particle. The atomistic dynamics is assumed to operate on a faster time‐scale compared to the diffusion of lithium, thereby both the 2MPFC and CH models evolve on two different time‐scales. The coupled 2MPFC–CH system models the diffusion induced grain boundary migration in LMO capturing the charging and discharging state of the battery.
A generic energy‐conserving discrete element modeling strategy for concave particles represented by surface triangular meshes
Authors: Feng Yuntian 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA generic energy‐conserving linear normal contact model for concave particles in the discrete element method (DEM) is presented in this article. It is derived based on a recently enhanced general energy‐conserving contact theory for arbitrarily shaped particles. A set of more effective evaluation schemes required in the model are also given, which shows that only the intersection boundary between two contact shapes, instead of their contact region or surfaces, is required to be explicitly obtained, thereby substantially improving both efficiency and applicability of the proposed contact model over the previous version. A surface triangular mesh is used to represent any 3D concave particle. The computational issues associated with the contact of two surface triangulated 3D shapes, including the contact detection, the determination of intersection boundary segments, the computation of contact features and parallelization, critical time step, and friction and damping treatment for multiple contacts are described in detail. Two sets of numerical examples involving various concave 3D shapes with a large number of surface triangles are presented to demonstrate either the superb energy‐conserving property of the proposed model model, or its effectiveness, robustness, and universal nature for wider and more complex problems.