bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A variable neighborhood search simheuristic algorithm for reliability optimization of smart grids under uncertainty
Authors: Antoniadis Nikolaos , Cordy Maxime , Sifaleras Angelo , Le Traon Yves 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA fundamental part of the self‐healing grid is reducing disturbances and automatically responding to problems. Toward this goal, smart grid operators would be of great use to ensure stability after a potential overload for a planning horizon, as the electrical values are unknown. To evaluate the robustness of the topology reconfiguration after a disturbance, like an overload, reliability analysis through simulation can be employed. However, the simulation approach we propose in this paper, except for the excessive time it consumes, cannot assure the quality of its solutions. To achieve a more robust configuration, we, additionally, propose a single‐stage stochastic program to optimize the grid topology configuration after a potential overload to ensure stability for the next day. We suggest a simheuristic approach based on a Variable Neighborhood Search metaheuristic to solve the above stochastic optimization problem. We evaluate the two approaches for this real‐world problem, together with Creos Luxembourg S.A., the leading grid operator in Luxembourg. We show that our method can quickly suggest countermeasures to operators facing potential overloading incidents, ensuring the smart grid's stability for the next day.
Enamel matrix derivative as an adjunct to minimally invasive non‐surgical treatment of intrabony defects: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Anoixiadou Styliani , Parashis Andreas , Vouros Ioannis 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimTo compare the efficacy of minimally invasive non‐surgical technique (MINST) with or without enamel matrix derivative (EMD) in the treatment of intrabony defects ≤7 mm.Materials and methodsThirty‐six patients were randomly assigned to the two groups. The control group received MINST, while the experimental MINST+EMD. Clinical measurements were recorded at baseline and at 6 and 12 months, and radiographic measurements were made at baseline and 12 months.ResultsAll subjects completed the study, 18 in each group. Significant improvements were observed in both groups at 12 months (p < .001) with no differences in mean PD reduction (4.0 ± 1.4 vs. 4.2 ± 1.7 mm), CAL gain (3.5 ± 1.4 vs. 3.4 ± 1.6 mm), and defect resolution (1.9 ± 1.1 vs. 1.8 ± 0.9 mm) for the MINST and the MINST+EMD groups, respectively (p > .05). A trend for greater pocket closure (PD ≤4 mm and no BoP) was achieved with the application of EMD (77.8% vs. 55.6% sites), particularly for sites with baseline PD ≤8 mm (92.3% vs. 69.2% sites), accompanied by an increased number of successful composite outcome results (61.1% vs. 44.4% sites).ConclusionsMINST demonstrates significant improvements 12 months after treatment of intrabony defects ≤7 mm. The additional application of EMD does not further improve the mean clinical or radiographic outcomes.This study is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03622255).
Learning from a multidisciplinary randomized controlled intervention in retirement village residents
Authors: Bloomfield Katherine , Wu Zhenqiang , Broad Joanna B. , Tatton Annie , Calvert Cheryl , Hikaka Joanna , Boyd Michal , Peri Kathy , Bramley Dale , Higgins Ann‐Marie , Connolly Martin J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundRetirement villages (RVs), also known as continuing care retirement communities, are an increasingly popular housing choice for older adults. The RV population has significant health needs, possibly representing a group with needs in between community‐dwelling older adults and those in long‐term residential care (LTC). Our previous work shows Gerontology Nurse Specialist (GNS)‐facilitated multidisciplinary team (MDT) interventions may reduce hospitalizations from LTC. This study tested whether a similar intervention reduced hospitalizations in RV residents.MethodsOpen‐label randomized controlled trial in which 412 older residents of 33 RVs were randomized (1:1) to an MDT intervention or usual care. Setting: RVs across two District Health Boards in Auckland, New Zealand. Residents were eligible if considered high risk of health/functional decline (triggering ≥3 interRAI Clinical Assessment Protocols or needing special consideration identified by GNS). Intervention: GNS‐facilitated MDT intervention, including geriatrician/nurse practitioner and clinical pharmacist, versus usual care. Primary outcome was time from randomization to first acute hospitalization. Secondary outcomes were rate of acute hospitalizations, LTC admission, and mortality. Twelve residents died before randomization; all others (n = 400: MDT intervention = 199; usual care = 201) were included in intention‐to‐treat analyses.ResultsMean (SD) age was 82.2 (6.9) years, 302 (75.5%) were women, and 378 (94.5%) were European. Over median 1.5 years follow‐up, no difference was found in hazard of acute hospitalization between the MDT intervention (51.8%) and usual care (49.3%) groups (Hazard ratio [HR] = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.77–1.34). No difference was found in the incidence rate of acute hospitalizations between the MDT intervention (0.69 per person‐year) and usual care (0.86 per person‐year) groups (incidence rate ratio = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.59–1.10). Similar results were seen for the proportion of residents with LTC transition (HR = 1.18, 95% CI = 0.65–2.11) and mortality (HR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.36–1.35).ConclusionFurther studies are needed to assess the effects of other patient‐centered interventions and outcomes with adequate primary care integration.
Quality over quantity: Legal representation at the Asylum Office
Authors: Mellinger Hillary 
Published: October 2021

AbstractQuantitative studies emphasize a positive relationship between legal representation and asylum case outcomes but are stymied by potential case‐selection bias. Moreover, few studies address whether an attorney's quality level might affect case outcomes or how high‐quality representation should be conceptualized. The present study informs this literature by drawing on 28 interviews with immigration attorneys who practice before the Asylum Office. It finds that most interviewees accept challenging asylum cases and share a “big picture” understanding of what high‐quality representation should entail. However, interviewees differ in their approach to declaration writing and their perceptions of the quality level of the private bar.
Fc‐conjugated C‐type lectin receptors: Tools for understanding host–pathogen interactions
Authors: Willment Janet A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe use of soluble fusion proteins of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) used in the detection of exogenous and endogenous ligands has helped resolve the roles of PRRs in the innate immune response to pathogens, how they shape the adaptive immune response, and function in maintaining homeostasis. Using the immunoglobulin (Ig) crystallizable fragment (Fc) domain as a fusion partner, the PRR fusion proteins are soluble, stable, easily purified, have increased affinity due to the Fc homodimerization properties, and consequently have been used in a wide range of applications such as flow cytometry, screening of protein and glycan arrays, and immunofluorescent microscopy. This review will predominantly focus on the recognition of pathogens by the cell membrane‐expressed glycan‐binding proteins of the C‐type lectin receptor (CLR) subgroup of PRRs. PRRs bind to conserved pathogen‐associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), such as glycans, usually located within or on the outer surface of the pathogen. Significantly, many glycans structures are identical on both host and pathogen (e.g. the Lewis (Le) X glycan), allowing the use of Fc CLR fusion proteins with known endogenous and/or exogenous ligands as tools to identify pathogen structures that are able to interact with the immune system. Screens of highly purified pathogen‐derived cell wall components have enabled identification of many unique PAMP structures recognized by CLRs. This review highlights studies using Fc CLR fusion proteins, with emphasis on the PAMPs found in fungi, bacteria, viruses, and parasites. The structure and unique features of the different CLR families is presented using examples from a broad range of microbes whenever possible.
On Not Misreading Origen
Authors: Williams Rowan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis essay draws together points from earlier short studies in an attempt to clarify why and how Origen was misunderstood by both his critics and his defenders in the fourth century. We need to identify what he is seeking to avoid saying: his concern is to rule out any kind of divisibility in the divine life, and also to challenge any suggestion that the effect of the Logos’s activity in creation is in any way limited. These concerns explain why he is critical of widely received exegetical consensus on some passages when such consensus gives hostages to the views he seeks to exclude. Furthermore, this must all be understood in the context of a model of scriptural exegesis which is both deeply informed by the literary scholarship of the day and shaped by the understanding of exegesis as a ‘priestly’ task of induction into the divine life of the Logos.
Soluciones relacionadas con el entorno alimentario para prevenir la obesidad infantil en América Latina y en la población latina que vive en Estados Unidos
Authors: Duran Ana Clara , Mialon Melissa , Crosbie Eric , Jensen Melissa Lorena , Harris Jennifer L. , Batis Carolina , Corvalán Camila , Taillie Lindsey Smith 
Published: October 2021

ResumenEl entorno alimentario es un factor importante que contribuye a las dietas poco saludables en la niñez y, por tanto, a las crecientes tasas de obesidad. Los países de Latinoamérica han recibido el reconocimiento internacional por su liderazgo en la implementación de políticas dirigidas a distintos aspectos del entorno alimentario. Sin embargo, los datos sobre la naturaleza y la gravedad de la exposición de los niños a entornos alimentarios poco saludables en la región latinoamericana y entre los latinos que viven en Estados Unidos son aún insuficientes. El objetivo de esta revisión es utilizar el marco conceptual de la Red Internacional para la Investigación, Monitoreo y Apoyo a la Acción para la Alimentación, Obesidad y Enfermedades No Transmisibles (INFORMAS, por sus siglas en inglés) para crear un entorno alimentario saludable con el que (i) comparar los elementos clave de los entornos alimentarios en relación con la obesidad en Latinoamérica y entre los latinos que viven en Estados Unidos; (ii) describir la evidencia sobre soluciones que podrían contribuir a mejorar los entornos alimentarios relacionados con la obesidad infantil; y (iii) establecer prioridades de investigación que permitan identificar estrategias de lucha contra la obesidad en estas poblaciones. Hemos detectado la necesidad de un amplio conjunto integrado de evidencias que sirva de respaldo para establecer un conjunto adecuado de políticas que mejoren el entorno alimentario al que están expuestos los niños de Latinoamérica y los niños latinos que viven en Estados Unidos y para traducir de forma más eficiente las soluciones políticas, de manera que contribuyan a reducir los crecientes niveles de obesidad infantil en estos países.
El entorno construido en los programas diseñados para promover la actividad física entre las niñas, niños y jóvenes latinos que viven en Estados Unidos y América Latina
Authors: Sarmiento Olga L. , Rubio María Alejandra , King Abby C. , Serrano Natalicio , Hino Adriano Akira F. , Hunter Ruth F. , Aguilar‐Farias Nicolas , Parra Diana C. , Salvo Deborah , Jáuregui Alejandra , Lee Rebecca E. , Kohl Bill 
Published: October 2021

ResumenPrevenir la obesidad entre los jóvenes latinos que viven en Estados Unidos y en países latinoamericanos requiere reconocer la especificidad de los contextos y las interacciones entre actividad física (AF) y entorno construido (EC). El objetivo de este artículo es avanzar en la agenda de investigación sobre el EC y la AF con el fin de prevenir la obesidad en Latinoamérica y entre los jóvenes latinos de Estados Unidos mediante (1) la identificación de indicadores del entorno que contribuyan en el diseño de intervenciones y políticas; (2) la identificación de enfoques metodológicos interdisciplinarios para el estudio de la relación compleja que se establece entre el EC y la AF y (3) la presentación de estudios de casos sobre programas de EC que promueven la AF. Un grupo de científicos estadounidenses y latinoamericanos trabajó en colaboración para proponer nuevos indicadores sobre el EC, establecer enfoques metodológicos que permitan estudiar la relación compleja entre EC y AF, y revisar estudios de caso sobre programas de EC que promueven la AF en ambas regiones. Como resultado, se identificaron lagunas de conocimiento, se propusieron indicadores del entorno (como el paisaje, el diseño de las calles, los patrones de movilidad, la delincuencia y la seguridad), se revisaron enfoques metodológicos (análisis de redes sociales, métodos de ciencia ciudadana) y se analizaron estudios de caso de programas del EC que promueven la AF (calles para el juego, desplazamiento activo a la escuela e intervenciones en el entorno escolar). La prevención de la obesidad entre los jóvenes latinos y latinoamericanos exige una investigación avanzada del EC y de la AF que aborde las prioridades específicas de cada contexto y permita intercambiar las lecciones aprendidas.
The role of currently used medicinal plants in aquaculture and their action mechanisms: A review
Authors: Tadese Dawit Adisu , Song Changyou , Sun Cunxin , Liu Bo , Liu Bo , Zhou Qunlan , Xu Pao , Ge Xianping , Liu Mingyang , Xu Xiaodi , Tamiru Metekia , Zhou Zhigang , Lakew Aschalew , Kevin Ngoepe Tlou 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGlobal aquaculture development increased rapidly in recent years, and the sector has become one of the fastest‐growing industries in the animal‐derived food production system. However, disease outbreak remains a major challenge that hinders sustainable production through an advanced level of intensification. Recently, antibiotics applied have been restricted globally against aquatic disease outbreaks due to their apparent accumulation in the tissues, which imposes on the development of resistant bacteria. Naturally available medicinal plants were tested to combat some pathogens affecting humans and animals, as they contain a wide range of active substances that can induce biological functions. Currently, medicinal plants are being tested in aquaculture as a safe and eco‐friendly substance to modulate immune status, enhance growth performance and prevent fish disease. Moreover, different parts (e.g. leaf, flower and rhizome) and forms (e.g. crude, extract and active ingredient) of plants are used to modulate specific biological functions (e.g. growth promoter, anti‐stress, immunostimulants, appetite stimulation, antibacteria, anti‐parasite and anti‐virus). Medicinal plants are also used to defend the aquaculture animal from external stressors, such as poor water quality, high environmental temperature and overcrowding. This paper aims to provide information on the role of currently used medicinal plants on aquaculture animals and their action mechanisms. In conclusion, the current review suggested that the utilisation of medicinal plants remained untapped in uncovering the biological activities of active substances against a variety of diseases across diverse species of aquaculture animals.
Sharing Knowledge to an Entrant for Production Investment Confronting COVID‐19: Incentive Alignment and Lose–Lose Dilemma
Authors: Niu Baozhuang , Dai Zhipeng , Li Qiyang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFacing the urgent demand of medical devices for COVID‐19 treatment, many automakers have recently begun manufacturing ventilators, even though they are inefficient in production and uninformed of demand variability. To help them, some incumbent ventilator manufacturers have chosen to share knowledge, such as production techniques and demand information. Clearly, the incumbent ventilator manufacturers are fulfilling social responsibility, but is their knowledge sharing rewarding, especially when the automakers are entrant rivals? If possible, are win–win situations in the sense of social responsibility and firms’ profitability identifiable? In this work, we develop a game‐theoretic model in which an incumbent and an entrant ventilator manufacturer engage in two‐dimensional competition in production investment and sales volume. We examine the incumbent manufacturer's profitability with and without knowledge sharing by formulating the tradeoffs among supply expansion, intensified competition, and the entrant's production efficiency improvement and demand variance reduction. We identify both “win‐win” and “lose‐lose” situations for the two competing manufacturers. Specifically, we find that free knowledge could be harmful for the entrant manufacturer, but the incumbent manufacturer benefits from knowledge sharing when market competition is intense, or when market competition is mild but the production investment efficiency varies.
Optic nerve colobomas associated with unilateral focal serous retinal detachment in a dog – In‐vivo imaging and outcome following laser retinopexy
Authors: Dufour Valerie L. , Cohen Julie A. , Holle Dolores M. , Aguirre Gustavo D. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPurposeTo describe the ophthalmoscopic, in‐vivo imaging, fluorescein angiography, and therapeutic photocoagulation outcome in a case of bilateral optic nerve colobomas associated with focal unilateral retinal detachment in a dog.MethodsPretraining eye examination of a 1.6‐year‐old female German shepherd service dog showed a focal juxta‐papillary bullous retinal separation in the right eye. In vivo imaging and angiography were performed under general anesthesia using optical coherence tomography. Nonoverlapping diode laser burns were applied through an operating microscope adapter to selected areas along the leading margins of the detachment.ResultsThe funduscopic examination and in‐vivo imaging revealed bilateral optic nerve colobomas associated with a focal bullous detachment in the right eye. Fluorescein angiography showed absence of blood vessel leakage and absence of staining inside of the retinal elevation. Photocoagulation induced immediate changes in retinal layer reflectivity. Three months post‐photocoagulation, the retinal detachment had improved and scarring of the burns was visible. One and two years post‐procedure, the retinal detachment resolved.ConclusionsOptical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging provides a detailed analysis of the retinal abnormalities associated with the clinical lesion. Laser retinopexy is a valid therapeutic option to limit the extension of the detachment.
GIS-AIDED GEOGRAPHICAL AND METEOROLOGICAL DATA OVERVIEW OF SOLAR RADIATION MAPPING FOR MALAYSIA – AN EXPLANATORY STUDY BASED ON SOLAR RADIATION PREDICTION MODELING USING NEURAL NETWORK APPROACH
Authors: Sultan Mohd Mohd Rizman , Ahmat Ruslan Fazlina , Johari Juliana 
Published: October 2021

Solar radiation mapping has used geographical and meteorological data. To obtain geographical and meteorological data, a Geographic Information System (GIS) is required. GIS is defined as an integrated geographic resource that presents data in terms of spatial information. This data is important for Neural Networks as it will be used as input parameters for the development of solar radiation prediction models. Solar radiation prediction is one way to map the sun's rays in certain places where there are insufficient resources or space to build a complete solar radiation measurement station. Since predictions about solar radiation require meteorological and geographical data, this paper will give an overview of GIS-assisted geographical and meteorological data to be used as input parameters for solar radiation mapping which will eventually be used as input for prediction models developed for the whole country of Malaysia using Neural Networks. Based on the results, the prediction model developed managed to obtain a coefficient of determination, R2 value of 0.9329.
Quality gaps in screening and monitoring for postoperative hyperglycemia in a Canadian hospital: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ruzycki Shannon M , Harrison Tyrone G , Enns Edwin , McKeen Julie , Helmle Karmon , Cameron Anna 
Published: October 2021

IntroductionEvidence-based preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative glycemic management may reduce poor surgical outcomes. Previous studies suggest that quality gaps in perioperative glycemic management may be common.Research design and methodsThis retrospective cohort study used administrative health and laboratory data from a single center to estimate quality gaps in perioperative glycemic management in patients with and without diabetes between April 2019 and March 2020. We examined the proportion of patients with preoperative hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) measurement, postoperative point-of-care testing (POCT) for glucose, hyperglycemia, and basal bolus insulin regimens. We compared the median length of stay (LOS) in patients with and without postoperative hyperglycemia, adjusted for age and sex.ResultsThere were 6576 patients in our cohort; 1165 (17.8%) had diabetes. Most patients with diabetes had an HbA1c measured prior to surgery (n=697, 59.8%). Postoperatively, 16.9% of patients with diabetes had no POCT monitoring (n=197) and 65.7% had hyperglycemia (n=636). Only 35.9% of patients who received insulin had a basal bolus insulin regimen (n=229). Patients with diabetes who had postoperative hyperglycemia had a longer median LOS compared with those who did not have postoperative hyperglycemia (8.4 days (95% CI 7.5 to 9.4) and 6.7 days (95% CI 6.3 to 7.1), respectively). In patients without diabetes, median LOS was 7.4 days (95% CI 4.4 to 10.4) for those with hyperglycemia and 5.2 days (95% CI 5.1 to 5.4) for those with in-target glucose.ConclusionsQuality gaps in perioperative glycemic management include measurement of blood glucose after surgery and treatment of postoperative hyperglycemia. These gaps may contribute to longer LOS.