bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Duchennova mišična distrofija – novosti pri diagnosticiranju in zdravljenju
Authors: Butenko Tita , Loboda Tanja , Osredkar Damjan , Zver Aleksandra , Krivec Uroš , Kotnik Primož , Homan Matjaž , Topalović Mirko , Pokorn Marko , Groleger Sršen Katja , Lešnik Musek Petra , Gosar David , Piskar Alenka , Golli Tanja 
Published: October 2021

Duchennova mišična distrofija (DMD) je najpogostejša in ena najresnejših mišičnih bolezni otroške dobe. Gre za na kromosom X vezano recesivno živčno-mišično bolezen, ki jo povzroča mutacija v genu za distrofin. Primarno prizadene skeletne mišice in srčno mišico.
Pri večini dečkov se klinični znaki bolezni izrazijo z napredujočo mišično šibkostjo med 3. in 5. letom starosti. Mišična šibkost je bolj izražena v proksimalnih kot distalnih mišicah in v začetni fazi bolj vpliva na poslabšanje funkcije spodnjih kot zgornjih udov. Bolezen postopno napreduje. Pri nezdravljenih otrocih večinoma po 11. do 12. letu starosti vodi v takó resno zmanjšanje zmožnosti gibanja, da le-ti že za premagovanje krajših razdalj potrebujejo invalidski voziček. Napredujoča šibkost dihalnih mišic vodi v kronično dihalno odpoved in potrebo po pomoči pri predihavanju. Okvara funkcije srca je splošno prisotna, kajti po študijah so klinični znaki kardiomiopatije prisotni pri vseh bolnikih po 18. letu starosti.
Na podlagi klinične slike diagnozo DMD potrdimo z laboratorijskimi in genetskimi preiskavami. V primeru negativnih rezultatov genetskih preiskav, a ob močnem kliničnem sumu za DMD, pa se za potrditev diagnoze poslužujemo mišične biopsije.
Zdravljenje bolnikov z DMD zahteva multidisciplinarno obravnavo. Z uporabo kortikosteroidov (KS), fizioterapije, podpornega zdravljenja in opreme s pripomočki sta se življenjska doba in kakovost življenja bolnikov z DMD izboljšala. V fazi razvoja je več zdravil, katerih delovanje se usmerja v zmanjšanje okvare mišic, a tudi zdravil, ki bi odpravile osnovni, tj. genetski vzrok bolezni.
Disquisición sobre el piloto en la Edad Moderna. Cielo y mar.
Authors: Pintos Amengual Gabriel 
Published: October 2021

En este artículo nos adentramos en la figura del piloto en la Edad Moderna, etapa en donde transcurrió el paso del arte de navegar a la navegación astronómica científica. En donde el piloto fue una figura clave en la gran transformación que sufrió la navegación marítima en ese periodo tan importante de la historia de la ciencia, pasando en su profesión del conocimiento intuitivo, al empírico y finalmente al especulativo. Para ello, se abordan el estamento de procedencia, las competencias técnicas que debía reunir en el ejercicio de la profesión, así como su consideración técnica. Finalmente presentamos como el estamento social al que pertenecía, condicionó su desarrollo social, profesional y técnico.
In this article, we examine the figure of the Piloto in the Modern Age, the period in which took place the swap from sailing as a flair to the scientific and astronomical navigation. At such a very important time in the history of science, The Piloto had an essential role in the great transformation suffered by maritime navigation. Navigational knowledge, formerly based on the intuition, moved first to the empiric knowledge and finally to the speculative, what implied a step forward in his career. To this end, in the abstract, it is tackled his initial social status, the technical capabilities he should hold to develop his job, as well as his technical consideration. Eventually, we show how the social condition which he belonged to, determined his social, professional and technical development.
Escándalos de corrupción e investigación gubernamental. Reflexiones en torno al caso de Santa Fe (Argentina), 1890-1894.
Authors: Garcilazo Romina 
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar ciertos tópicos que recorren la llamada “Nueva” Historia Cultural de la Corrupción Política como aquellos que pivotean en torno a los términos vinculados al concepto de corrupción, las percepciones que los protagonistas esgrimen respecto a los hechos escandalosos, la derivación de las denuncias en investigaciones gubernamentales y presentaciones judiciales y la actuación de la prensa en el proceso investigativo. Para ello, nos centraremos en la pesquisa emprendida por el comisionado gubernamental Ricardo Pillado en el Banco Provincial de Santa Fe (Argentina) referida a las anomalías registradas en la entidad durante los años anteriores a la crisis de 1890. El caso resulta significativo porque, por primera vez, las denuncias de corrupción sobre lo sucedido en la institución bancaria no provenían de la esfera periodística, sino que eran originadas desde el ámbito estatal.
This article aims to analyze certain topics that run through the so-called “New” Cultural History of Political Corruption, such as those that revolve around the terms related to the concept of corruption, the perceptions that the protagonists hold regard to the scandalous events the derivation of denunciation in government investigations and judicial presentations and the role played by the press in the investigative process. To this end, we will focus on the research undertaken by the government commissioner, Ricardo Pillado, in the Provincial Bank of Santa Fe (Argentina) referring to the anomalies registered in the entity during the years preceding the crisis of 1890. The case is significant because, for the first time, the denunciation of corruption in the banking institution did not come from the journalistic sphere but originated from the state level.
La participación de los exiliados del noroeste hispánico en los Centros Gallegos de Buenos Aires y Caracas
Authors: De Cristóforis Nadia Andrea 
Published: October 2021

El exilio gallego de la Guerra Civil española se inició en 1936 y se prolongó, con distintas características e intensidad, hasta la caída del régimen franquista. Los países americanos se convirtieron en los destinos preferenciales de estas corrientes forzadas, por la presencia de comunidades emigratorias peninsulares que facilitaron los procesos de traslado y acogida. En este artículo analizaremos la inserción de los exiliados gallegos en el movimiento asociativo de este colectivo en Buenos Aires y Caracas, desde una perspectiva comparativa y haciendo hincapié en su participación en los centros gallegos de ambos ámbitos urbanos. La interacción de los refugiados con la comunidad migratoria organizada en una y otra ciudad fue disímil, pues mientras que en la capital argentina el tejido institucional galaico se encontraba ampliamente desarrollado, en la capital venezolana era prácticamente inexistente. Ello condicionó la capacidad de acción de los exiliados y sus logros concretos.
The Galician exile of the Spanish Civil War began in 1936 and continued, with different characteristics and intensity, until the fall of the Franco regime. American countries became the preferential destinations of these forced flows, because of the presence of peninsular migrant communities that facilitated the displacement and reception processes. In this article we will analyze the insertion of Galician exiles into the association movement of this group in Buenos Aires and Caracas, from a comparative perspective and emphasizing their participation in the Galician centers of both urban areas. The interaction of refugees with the organized migration community in one and the other city was dissimilar, because while in the Argentine capital the Galician institutional network was widely developed, in the Venezuelan capital was virtually non-existent. This conditioned the ability of the exiles to act and their concrete achievements.
Asociacionismo, resistencia y cultura:
Authors: Fernandez Camila Collpy G. , Matos Maria Izilda S. 
Published: October 2021

Este texto se propone discutir las prácticas asociativas y culturales vinculadas a los inmigrantes bolivianos establecidos en la ciudad de São Paulo (Brasil). Conscientes de que las prácticas asociativas se constituyen a partir de las experiencias de luchas y resistencias cotidianas, se recuperan los proyectos asociativos y las acciones culturales en grupos folclóricos, prácticas que crean estrategias de articulación interna, y que ayudan a enfrentar las barreras en la sociedad de acogida y a cuestionar los estigmas arraigados. De este modo, la investigación priorizó la metodología de la historia oral, debatiendo acerca de los grupos/redes que hicieron posible la circulación de la información, facilitando la acogida, las posibilidades de trabajo y una mejor integración.
These writings propose to discuss the associated associative and cultural practices related to Bolivians established in the city of São Paulo / Brazil. Aware that associative practices constitute experiences of struggles and resistance, we discuss associative projects and cultural actions in folk groups, practices that create strategies for internal articulation, helping to overcome barriers in the host society and questioning the settled stigmata. Thus, the research prioritized the methodology of oral history, questioning the groups / networks that enabled the circulation of information, facilitating the reception, the possibilities of work and better integration.
Estes escritos se propõem discutir sobre as práticas associativas e culturais vinculadas aos bolivianos estabelecidos na cidade de São Paulo/Brasil. Cientes de que as práticas associativas se constituem em experiências de lutas e resistências, se recupera os projetos associativos e as ações culturais nos grupos folclóricos, práticas que criam estratégias de articulação interna, ajudando a enfrentar barreiras na sociedade de acolhimento e questionar os estigmas enraizados. Dessa forma, a pesquisa priorizou a metodologia da história oral, questionando-se sobre os grupos/redes que viabilizaram a circulação de informações, facilitando o acolhimento, as possibilidades de trabalho e melhor integração.
Sars CoV2, una experiencia de la bioquímica en contexto para la enseñanza de conceptos asociados a las proteínas
Authors: Rodríguez Cepeda Rodrigo , Cortés Parra María José 
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo muestra los resultados de una intervención didáctica en el marco de la enseñanza de la bioquímica en contexto, con el fin de enseñar algunos conceptos asociados a las proteínas, para un grupo de estudiantes del programa de Licenciatura en Química de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional. Por esta razón, se abordó el tema del Covid 19, especialmente las proteínas del coronavirus Sars CoV 2 con el fin de enseñar conceptos como: aminoácidos, enlace peptídico, proteínas, estructura primaria y secundaria de las proteínas. De ahí que, los estudiantes trabajaron alrededor de videos explicativos del coronavirus, lecturas de artículos académicos sobre la estructura del virus, conferencias, así como el uso de la bioinformática para diseñar estructuras y predecir las estructuras primaria y secundaria de las proteínas. El desempeño académico de los estudiantes fue determinado mediante un cuestionario inicial, otro final y un resumen escrito en forma de artículo, cuya comparación sugiere que el uso de estas herramientas didácticas, aplicadas en el contexto de la pandemia, mejora el desempeño académico de los estudiantes.
This article shows the results of a didactic intervention in the field of teaching biochemistry in context, to teach some concepts associated with proteins. The participants were fourteen students enrolled in the Bachelor of Chemistry program of the National Pedagogical University, with whom the subject of COVID 19 was worked, and emphasis was placed on the proteins of the coronavirus Sars CoV 2, to teach concepts such as amino acids, peptide bond, proteins, primary, and secondary protein structures. Thus, activities such as explanatory videos of the coronavirus, readings of academic articles on the structure of the virus, lectures, as well as the use of bioinformatics tools to design and predict protein structures were carried out. The academic performance of the students was evaluated through mental maps, initial and final questionnaires, as well as an essay. As a result, it could suggest that the use of these didactic tools, applied in the context of the pandemic, improves academic performance, assimilation of new concepts, and increases the interest by learning new topics.
El cambio pedagógico en la docencia universitaria en los tiempos de Covid-19
Authors: Dorfsman Marcelo Ignacio , Horenczyk Gabriel 
Published: October 2021

Antecedentes: La aparición del virus COVID-19 ha generado una de las mayores disrupciones mundiales de los sistemas educativos (entre otros) en generaciones Propósito: Este estudio examina el impacto de la inmersión involuntaria de profesores de la Universidad Hebrea en entornos de aprendizaje digital debido a la pandemia COVID-19 y su impacto en las prácticas pedagógicas, de los instructores universitarios durante esta crisis. Metodología / Enfoque: Nuestra investigación siguió un enfoque de métodos mixtos, combinando componentes cualitativos con cuantitativos. Nuestro presente estudio pone especial énfasis en los componentes cualitativos de la investigación. Resultados / Conclusiones: En nuestro trabajo analizamos el modelo de aceptación de tecnologías desarrollado por Venkatesh y colaboradores (modelo UTAUT), y lo enriquecemos con una tipología de aceptación del cambio pedagógico (TACP) que permite comprender la situación planteada y actuar en consecuencia. El estudio encontró que existes dos dimensiones en la disposición al cambio pedagógico genuino en los docentes universitarios: Una es su nivel de alfabetización digital antes de la crisis; la segunda es su concepción pedagógica de enseñanza. Implicaciones: Nuestro modelo se puede aplicar a diferentes situaciones de crisis y puede ser útil para la formación y desarrollo del profesorado universitario en el campo de la alfabetización digital.
Background: The emergence of the COVID-19 virus has generated one of the largest global disruptions of education systems. Purpose: This study examines the impact of the involuntary immersion of Hebrew University professors in digital learning environments due to the COVID-19 pandemic on pedagogical practices of university instructors during this crisis. Methodology / Approach: Our research followed a mixed methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative components. Our current study places special emphasis on the qualitative components of the research. Results / Conclusions: In our work we analyze the model of acceptance of technologies developed by Venkatesh and colleagues (2008), and we enrich it with a typology of acceptance of pedagogical change (TACP) that allows us to understand the situation and act accordingly. The study identified two dimensions in the disposition to genuine pedagogical change in university teachers: One is their level of digital literacy before the crisis; the second is his pedagogical conception of teaching. Implications: Our model can be applied to different crisis situations and can be useful for the training and development of university teachers in the field of digital literacy.
scAAVengr, a transcriptome-based pipeline for quantitative ranking of engineered AAVs with single-cell resolution
Authors: Öztürk Bilge E , Johnson Molly E , Kleyman Michael , Turunç Serhan , He Jing , Jabalameli Sara , Xi Zhouhuan , Visel Meike , Dufour Valérie L , Iwabe Simone , Pompeo Marinho Luis Felipe L , Aguirre Gustavo D , Sahel José-Alain , Schaffer David V , Pfenning Andreas R , Flannery John G , Beltran William A , Stauffer William R , Byrne Leah C 
Published: October 2021

Background:Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated gene therapies are rapidly advancing to the clinic, and AAV engineering has resulted in vectors with increased ability to deliver therapeutic genes. Although the choice of vector is critical, quantitative comparison of AAVs, especially in large animals, remains challenging.Methods:Here, we developed an efficient single-cell AAV engineering pipeline (scAAVengr) to simultaneously quantify and rank efficiency of competing AAV vectors across all cell types in the same animal.Results:To demonstrate proof-of-concept for the scAAVengr workflow, we quantified – with cell-type resolution – the abilities of naturally occurring and newly engineered AAVs to mediate gene expression in primate retina following intravitreal injection. A top performing variant identified using this pipeline, K912, was used to deliver SaCas9 and edit the rhodopsin gene in macaque retina, resulting in editing efficiency similar to infection rates detected by the scAAVengr workflow. scAAVengr was then used to identify top-performing AAV variants in mouse brain, heart, and liver following systemic injection.Conclusions:These results validate scAAVengr as a powerful method for development of AAV vectors.Funding:This work was supported by funding from the Ford Foundation, NEI/NIH, Research to Prevent Blindness, Foundation Fighting Blindness, UPMC Immune Transplant and Therapy Center, and the Van Sloun fund for canine genetic research.
Wikispeech
Authors: Wettin Karl 
Published: October 2021

Wikispeech is a free and open text-to-speech (TTS) solution that runs on MediaWiki. Wikispeech will make the Wikimedia projects speak – for anyone, illiterate, blind, or just belonging to the quarter of the world's population who prefer learning from listening rather than reading.
In the true Wikimedia fashion, volunteers will be able to improve the quality of Wikispeech. Errors and flaws can be corrected, and in the long run, new voices and languages can be added.
As part of the project, tools for collecting speech data will be developed. With this data, new voices can be created. And both the tools and the data will of course be released under a free license, so that they can be used in other speech technology projects too.
Upright walking has driven unique vascular specialization of the hominin ilium
Authors: Zirkle Dexter , Meindl Richard S. , Lovejoy C. Owen 
Published: October 2021

Background
A novel physis in hominins modulates broadening and shortening of the ilium. We report analysis of a vascular canal system whose origin may be associated with this physis and which appears to be also unique to hominins. Its presence is potentially identifiable in the fossil record by its association with a highly enlarged foramen that is consistently present in modern humans and hominin fossils.

Methods
We measured the diameter of this foramen in humans, fossil hominins, and African great apes and corrected for body size.

Results
The mean relative human foramen diameter is significantly greater than those of either Pan or Gorilla. Moreover, eight of the nine values of the Cohen’s d for these differences in ratios are highly significant and support the ordering of magnitudes: Pan < Gorilla < Homo. The relative foramen diameter of A.L. 288-1 is above the 75th percentile of all other hominoids and at the high end of humans. The foramen is also present in ARA-VP-6/500.

Conclusions
We posit that the presence and significant enlargement of this foramen in fossils can reasonably serve as an indicator that its anterior inferior iliac spine emerged via the unique hominin physis. The foramen can therefore serve as an indicator of hominin iliac ontogenetic specialization for bipedality in fossil taxa.
Genome-wide association study and population structure analysis of seed-bound amino acids and total protein in watermelon
Authors: Joshi Vijay , Nimmakayala Padma , Song Qiushuo , Abburi Venkata , Natarajan Purushothaman , Levi Amnon , Crosby Kevin , Reddy Umesh K. 
Published: October 2021

Background
Watermelon seeds are a powerhouse of value-added traits such as proteins, free amino acids, vitamins, and essential minerals, offering a paleo-friendly dietary option. Despite the availability of substantial genetic variation, there is no sufficient information on the natural variation in seed-bound amino acids or proteins across the watermelon germplasm. This study aimed to analyze the natural variation in watermelon seed amino acids and total protein and explore underpinning genetic loci by genome-wide association study (GWAS).

Methods
The study evaluated the distribution of seed-bound free amino acids and total protein in 211 watermelon accessions of Citrullus spp, including 154 of Citrullus lanatus, 54 of Citrullus mucosospermus (egusi) and three of Citrullus amarus. We used the GWAS approach to associate seed phenotypes with 11,456 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) generated by genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS).

Results
Our results demonstrate a significant natural variation in different free amino acids and total protein content across accessions and geographic regions. The accessions with high protein content and proportion of essential amino acids warrant its use for value-added benefits in the food and feed industries via biofortification. The GWAS analysis identified 188 SNPs coinciding with 167 candidate genes associated with watermelon seed-bound amino acids and total protein. Clustering of SNPs associated with individual amino acids found by principal component analysis was independent of the speciation or cultivar groups and was not selected during the domestication of sweet watermelon. The identified candidate genes were involved in metabolic pathways associated with amino acid metabolism, such as Argininosuccinate synthase, explaining 7% of the variation in arginine content, which validate their functional relevance and potential for marker-assisted analysis selection. This study provides a platform for exploring potential gene loci involved in seed-bound amino acids metabolism, useful in genetic analysis and development of watermelon varieties with superior seed nutritional values.
A Study of Bacteriological Profile of Pleural Fluid and Antibiogram of Isolates at Pandit Dindayal Upadhyay Medical College Andhospital College, Rajkot
Authors: Solanki Dolly , Kothari Krupali 
Published: October 2021

Background: The bacteriology of thoracic empyema has been changing since the introduction of antibiotics. Gram stain and culture has for decades been the “gold standard” for the detection of microorganisms in pleural fluid samples. The present retrospective study was designed to review our experience with the microbial causes of empyema and their antibiotic sensitive patterns. The knowledge of likely prevalent strains along with their antimicrobial sensitive pattern helps in the framing of antibiotic policy and better management of patients.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was including 500 cases suspected of bacteriological infection of pleural fluid in patients admitted in ward of PDU Government Hospital, Rajkot. The performa include serial number, register number, age, sex, ward, clinical features of patients and investigation. All the samples were inoculated into Blood agar and MacConkey agar and Nutrient agar. All the plates were incubated aerobically at 370 C and results were read after 24 hours. If no growth present it is further incubated for next 24 hours. One smear was prepared on clean glass slide, then air dried and was heat fixed. Gram staining was done by standard technique.
Results: This study include 500 cases of pleural effusion from January 2015 to July 2016, out of which 87 cases show positive Bacterial culture growth and 232 cases were adenosine deaminase positive. In total 87 positive bacterial cultures, 20(22%) show bacterial pathogens in gram stain. Total positive culture found in 17.4%. Among them; most common Bacteria isolated was Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 40 (45%) patients, this was followed by Klebsiella pneumonaie in 21 (24%), Staphylococcus aureus in 10 (11.49%), Acinetobacter spp. in 4 (4.59%), Proteus spp.in 3 (3.44%) and Providencia in 1 (1.14%).
Conclusion: Pleural space infection continues to be prevalent in our country particularly in the lower socioeconomic strata due to the delay in seeking medical care, inappropriate antibiotics and dosages and duration of antibiotic treatment. All gram positive bacteria isolate were 100% sensitivity to Rifampicin, Vancomycin, Linezolid.