bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of vertical distribution dynamics of zooplankton in a thermally stratified warm monomictic lake of Kashmir Himalaya
Authors: Yaseen Tabasum , Bhat Sami Ullah , Bhat Farooz Ahmad 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn the present study, we investigated how stratification patterns and the related physico‐chemical characteristics impact the vertical distribution of zooplankton community during the two consecutive stratifications in a warm monomictic lake (Manasbal Lake) in the Ganderbal area of Central Kashmir. Two consecutive events of stratification and deepening of thermocline recorded during the sampling period led to significant changes in the vertical distribution of zooplankton community. Physico‐chemical characteristics displayed significant changes with the stratification pattern. Temperature of the surface water (0 m) increased gradually from 13°C to 29°C, resulting in a higher thermal gradient. pH and dissolved oxygen (O2) displayed clinograde curves with vertical depth. Keratella cochlearis and Polyarthra vulgaris (Rotifers) were most dominant in terms of density and abundance at the thermocline and significantly decreased at the hypolimnion. Cladocera with significant difference along the vertical column showed an epilimnetic distribution with Ceriodaphnia reticulata and Ceriodaphnia quadriangularis being the major contributors. Among copepods, Cyclops viridis was recorded at all depths in greater dominance. Acanthodiaptomus denticornis (Diaptomidae) showed higher abundance from epilimnion to thermocline but decreased at hypolimnion. The results showed that the strong vertical gradient of environmental factors occurs in the Manasbal lake. Among them, dissolved oxygen, water temperature, and nutrients controlled the zooplankton community with higher aggregation above the thermocline. Therefore, the present investigation regarding the dynamic patterns of zooplankton community along the vertical gradient in a stratified lake could be important in monitoring habitats and to understand the ecology of warm monomictic lakes.
Global wellness: Predicting lower levels of anxiety and depression severity
Authors: Kalkbrenner Michael T. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCounseling researchers and practitioners use screening tools and assessments to measure, treat, and improve their clients’ overall (mental and physical) wellness, which creates a need for screening tools that appraise overall wellness. The author of this study first tested the convergent validity of scores on the Lifestyle Practices and Health Consciousness Inventory (LPHCI), a screening tool for simultaneously appraising global wellness (mental and physical) using a large (N = 796) national stratified random sample of adults living in all 50 of the United States. The author then investigated the capacity of global wellness for predicting symptoms of anxiety and depression and explored demographic differences in global wellness. Findings support the convergent validity of scores on the LPHCI and reveal that global wellness is a significant negative predictor of the symptomology of mental and physical distress. Implications for the potential utility of incorporating global wellness into counseling practice are discussed.
Intercalates in double and triple arrays
Authors: Nilson Tomas 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper addresses the question of how intercalates occur in the two known infinite families of triple arrays, the Paley triple arrays constructed in 2005 by Preece et al., and the Triple arrays from difference sets in 2017 by Nilson and Cameron. The main reason for doing this is that the number of such embedded Latin squares is often used when checking whether two arrays are isotopic or not. We determine sharp bounds for the number and density of intercalates for the main subclasses of these families respectively. We also prove the existence of an infinite family of triple arrays in which every two occurrences of an entry lie in an intercalate.
High performance membranes containing zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 and polysulfone for CO2 removal from CH4
Authors: Ch'ng Christine Wei Mann , Yeong Yin Fong , Jusoh Norwahyu , Suhaimi Nadia Hartini , Lai Li Sze 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDNatural gas is essential for the world's supply of energy due to its economic viability and environmental sustainability in producing adequate amounts of clean energy. However, the removal of CO2 as an undesirable impurity remains challenging in natural gas purification. In this work, high performance dense mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) containing a low loading (<2 wt%) of zeolitic imidazolate framework 8 (ZIF‐8) and polysulfone (PSF) were prepared via simple solvent evaporation method and single solvent for the removal of CO2 from CH4.RESULTSSignificant enhancements in CO2 permeability and CO2/CH4 ideal selectivity were obtained for the resultant MMMs as compared to the neat PSF membrane. The highest CO2 permeability of 33.57 Barrer and CO2/CH4 ideal selectivity of 39.03 were achieved for a PSF membrane loaded with 1 wt% of ZIF‐8; these values were 514% and 161% higher than those obtained for the neat PSF membrane, respectively. Furthermore, MMM embedded with 1 wt% of ZIF‐8 demonstrated CO2 plasticization pressure up to 16 bar, which is equivalent to an 100% increment of the value obtained for the neat PSF membrane.CONCLUSIONOverall, MMMs fabricated in this work demonstrated a significant improvement of CO2 separation from CH4 compared to the PSF‐based MMMs reported in the literature, where most of the reported MMMs contain high loading of fillers up to 30 wt%. Therefore, the MMMs fabricated in this work are ready to be further exploited for application in gas separation industries. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Energy‐ and protein‐enriched formula improves weight gain in infants with malnutrition due to cardiac and noncardiac etiologies
Authors: Goday Praveen S. , Lewis Jeffery D. , Sang Charlie J. , George Donald E. , McGoogan Katherine E. , Safta Anca M. , Seth Anand , Krekel Caitlin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to assess safety, tolerability, and improvement in weight gain with an energy‐ and protein‐enriched formula (EPEF) in infants with poor growth.MethodsInfants aged 1–8 months with poor growth received EPEF for 16 weeks. Our primary objective was improvement in weight as measured by change in weight‐for‐agez‐score (WAZ) and weight gain velocity (grams per day) ≥ median for age. Secondary objectives included improvement in other anthropometricz‐scores, formula tolerance, and safety.ResultsTwenty‐six patients with poor growth due to congenital heart disease (n= 15), other organic causes (n= 9), and nonorganic causes (n= 2) completed the study per protocol. Mean daily energy intake was 123 ± 32 kilocalories per kilogram of body weight, with >90% of energy coming from EPEF. Weight gain velocity exceeded the median for 83% (20 of 24) and 67% (16 of 24) of infants at ≥1 time point and for the overall study period, respectively. Mean ± SD WAZ improved from −2.92 ± 1.04 at baseline to −2.01 ± 1.12 at 16 weeks (P= 0.0001). Z‐scores for weight‐for‐length and head circumference (P= 0.0001) and for length‐for‐age (P= 0.003) improved significantly at 16 weeks. Compared with baseline, stool consistency was different at 2, 4, and 16 weeks (P< 0.05). There were no significant differences in vomiting, fussiness, or daily number of stools while there was a decrease or no change in spit‐up, flatulence, crying, or gassiness.ConclusionEPEF is safe, well tolerated, and improves weight gain in infants with poor growth.
Optimization of sweet basil harvest time and cultivar characterization using near‐infrared spectroscopy, liquid and gas chromatography, and chemometric statistical methods
Authors: Birenboim Matan , Chalupowicz Daniel , Maurer Dalia , Barel Shimon , Chen Yaira , Falik Elazar , Kengisbuch David , Shimshoni Jakob A 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDTerpene, eugenol and polyphenolic contents of basil are major determinants of quality, which is affected by genetics, weather, growing practices, pests and diseases. Here, we aimed to develop a simple predictive analytical method for determining the polyphenol, eugenol and terpene content of the leaves of major Israeli sweet basil cultivars grown hydroponically, as a function of harvest time, through the use of near‐infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, liquid/gas chromatography, and chemometric methods. We also wanted to identify the harvest time associated with the highest terpene, eugenol and polyphenol content.RESULTSSix different cultivars and four different harvest times were analyzed. Partial least square regression (PLS‐R) analysis yielded an accurate, predictive model that explained more than 93% of the population variance for all of the analyzed compounds. The model yielded good/excellent prediction (R2 > 0.90, R2cv and R2pre > 0.80) and very good residual predictive deviation (RPD > 2) for all of the analyzed compounds. Concentrations of rosmarinic acid, eugenol and terpenes increased steadily over the first 3 weeks, peaking in the fourth week in most of the cultivars. Our PLS‐discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA) model provided accurate harvest classification and prediction as compared to cultivar classification. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of harvest classification were larger than 0.82 for all harvest time points, whereas the cultivar classification, resulted in sensitivity values lower than 0.8 in three cultivars.CONCLUSIONThe PLS‐R model provided good predictions of rosmarinic acid, eugenol and terpene content. Our NIR coupled with a PLS‐DA demonstrated reasonable solution for harvest and cultivar classification. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Simultaneous screening of 21 potential adulterants in dietary supplements for the treatment of prostate diseases using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization‐tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Kim Nam Sook , Choi Hwan Seong , Lim Na Young , Kim Hyungil , Baek Sun Young 
Published: November 2021

AbstractReports of the number of adulteration cases using illegal therapeutic substances in dietary supplements have increased. In recent years, various dietary supplements are being distributed that exaggerate the efficacy of treatment for prostate‐related diseases. To develop the preemptive monitoring method, we selected 21 prostate‐related therapeutic substances and optimized the simultaneous ultra‐performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization‐tandem mass spectrometry and pretreatment procedures for various types of matrices including solid, liquid, and soft capsule samples. The methods were validated by determining the specificity, linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, method detection limit, method quantitation limit, precision, accuracy, recovery, stability, and matrix effect. The simultaneous methods were validated according to the international guidelines. In addition, using the validated methods, 81 real samples, which were searched and purchased by focusing on promotional phrases, such as prostate and prostatic hyperplasia, were successfully screened. As a result, sildenafil and tadalafil were detected in one seized capsule sample (5.15 and 14.6 mg/g, respectively). Synthetically, our approach could be useful for the determination of illegal therapeutic substances potentially adulterated in various types of dietary supplements.
Motion compensation for aortic valves using partial angle CT reconstructions
Authors: Lebedev Sergej , Fournié Eric , Maier Joscha , Stierstorfer Karl , Kachelrieß Marc 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeA motion compensation method that is aimed at correcting motion artifacts of cardiac valves is proposed. The primary focus is the aortic valve.MethodsThe method is based around partial angle reconstructions and a cost function including the image entropy. A motion model is applied to approximate the cardiac motion in the temporal and spatial domain. Based on characteristic values for velocities and strain during cardiac motion, penalties for the velocity and spatial derivatives are introduced to maintain anatomically realistic motion vector fields and avoid distortions. The model addresses global elastic deformation, but not the finer and more complicated motion of the valve leaflets.ResultsThe method is verified based on clinical data. Image quality was improved for most artifact‐impaired reconstructions. An image quality study with Likert scoring of the motion artifact severity on a scale from 1 (highest image quality) to 5 (lowest image quality/extreme artifact presence) was performed. The biggest improvements after applying motion compensation were achieved for strongly artifact‐impaired initial images scoring 4 and 5, resulting in an average change of the scores by and , respectively. In the case of artifact‐free images, a chance to introduce blurring was observed and their average score was raised by 0.42 ± 0.03.ConclusionMotion artifacts were consistently removed and image quality improved.
Protonated Ethylene Carbonate: A Highly Resonance‐Stabilized Cation
Authors: Beck Stefanie , Jessen Christoph , Kornath Andreas J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture is the group of Prof. Andreas J. Kornath at the LMU in Munich (Germany). The cover picture shows the crystal structure of the salt of protonated ethylene carbonate [C3H5O3][Sb2F11]. Protonated ethylene carbonate was synthesized by reacting the neutral compound in the superacidic system HF/SbF5 at low temperature. Interestingly, the single‐crystal X‐ray structure analysis revealed a planar CO3 moiety with nearly equal CO bond lengths. Further theoretical investigations of the cation led to the result, that it contains a remarkably delocalized 6π‐electron system. On the cover this resonance stabilization is highlighted by p‐orbitals on the CO3 moiety. Read the full text of their Research Article at 10.1002/open.202100229.
Anxiety and stress over COVID‐19 pandemic associated with increased eating
Authors: Himmelstein Mary S. , Beaver Jasmin N. , Gilman T. Lee 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveStressful experiences can dramatically affect eating. The relatively sudden, global emergence of the COVID‐19 pandemic served as a massive stressor to virtually all people, regardless of infection status. This study hypothesized that actual and perceived stressors from the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic, in the categories of recurring disruptions, environmental threat, and social isolation would be positively associated with increased self‐reported eating in the United States.MethodsOver 1100 English‐fluent adults (52.8% women) living in the United States were recruited for a cross‐sectional online survey about eating, COVID‐19 consequences, and stress experiences. Linear regressions examined associations between perceived stress on five eating measures, and individual differences in personal/work situations, perceptions, and adverse experiences during the pandemic.ResultsAnxiety, worry, and stress over, rather than direct consequences of, COVID‐19 were most consistently associated with self‐reported increased eating. Largely, these fell into the stressor categories of environmental threat and social isolation, not recurring disruptions. Body mass index and current self‐reported eating pathology symptoms were also consistently associated with these outcomes.ConclusionsThese correlational findings suggest specific stressors have pronounced influences on eating behavior of US adults. Remotely deliverable stress mitigation strategies should be explored to attenuate increased eating.
Proteomic analysis identified potential age‐associated prognostic biomarkers in pneumonia‐derived paediatric sepsis
Authors: Luo Ting , Yan Haipeng , Li Xun , Deng Youcai , Huang Jiaotian , Li Liping , Xiao Zhenghui , Lu Xiulan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeOur aim was to investigate the age‐associated plasma protein profiles in pneumonia‐derived sepsis between infants and toddlers and identify potential age‐adapted prognostic markers for poor outcome of pneumonia‐derived pediatric sepsis.Experimental DesignA nested case‐control study strategy was applied. The plasma proteomes of pneumonia‐derived pediatric septic patients with different outcomes between infants and toddlers were respectively analysed compared to their age‐matched controls.ResultsCompared to toddlers, pneumonia‐derived sepsis in infants was characterized by increased upregulation of protein processing in the ER, proteasome and antigen processing and presentation; and reduced downregulation in complement and coagulation cascades and cholesterol metabolism. Among them, the pentose phosphate pathway as well as the complement and coagulation cascades were possibly associated with poor outcome of pneumonia‐derived sepsis. Furthermore, we confirmed that HP, THBS1, and SAA1/2 were potential prognostic markers for poor outcome of pneumonia‐derived sepsis in infant patient groups.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceAge‐associated plasma protein profiles of pneumonia‐derived pediatric septic patients provided potential age‐adapted biomarkers for a more precise prognosis of poor outcome in pneumonia‐derived pediatric sepsis and helped to improve the survival of septic children.
Cyhalofop‐butyl resistance conferred by a novel Trp‐2027‐Leu mutation of acetyl‐CoA carboxylase and enhanced metabolism in Leptochloa chinensis
Authors: Zhao Ning , Jiang Minghao , Li Qi , Gao Quan , Zhang Jingxu , Liao Min , Cao Haiqun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDChinese sprangletop (Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees) is an invasive grass weed severely infesting rice fields across China. In October 2020, a suspected resistant Leptochloa chinensis population HFFD3 that survived the acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (ACCase)‐inhibiting herbicide cyhalofop‐butyl applied at its field‐recommended rate was collected from a rice field in Feidong County, Anhui Province, China. This study aimed to determine the resistance profile of HFFD3 to ACCase inhibitors and to investigate its mechanisms of resistance to cyhalofop‐butyl.RESULTSSingle‐dose testing confirmed that HFFD3 had evolved resistance to cyhalofop‐butyl. Two loci encoding plastidic ACCase were each amplified from the susceptible (S) and resistant (R, HFFD3) individual plants. Target gene sequencing and derived cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence assay revealed all the R plants carried a Trp‐2027‐Leu substitution in their ACCase1,2 copies. Dose–response bioassays revealed that HFFD3 was highly resistant to cyhalofop‐butyl and exhibited cross‐resistance to metamifop, fenoxaprop‐P‐ethyl, quizalofop‐P‐ethyl, and clethodim. Pre‐treatment with piperonyl butoxide and 4‐chloro‐7‐nitrobenzoxadiazole considerably reversed the resistance of the R plants to cyhalofop‐butyl, by 23% and 43%, respectively. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis suggested the metabolic rates of cyhalofop‐butyl were significantly faster in the R than in the S plants.CONCLUSIONThis study confirmed the first case of an arable weed species featuring cross‐resistance to ACCase‐inhibiting herbicides due to a novel Trp‐2027‐Leu mutation of ACCase. Target gene mutation and cytochrome P450s‐ and glutathione‐S‐transferases‐involved enhanced metabolism may have simultaneously participated in the resistance of HFFD3 population to cyhalofop‐butyl.
Removal of an aspirated tooth from the bronchus using a cryoprobe: A case report
Authors: Ishimoto Hiroshi , Sakamoto Noriho , Moriyama Sakiko , Murata Mayako , Nakada Nana , Hara Atsuko , Kido Takashi , Yamaguchi Hiroyuki , Yamamoto Kazuko , Obase Yasushi , Ishimatsu Yuji , Mukae Hiroshi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAn 88‐year‐old bedridden man with Alzheimer's disease developed fever and hypoxaemia. Chest radiography showed obstructive pneumonia caused by a foreign body in the airway. Examination using a flexible bronchoscope revealed a silver‐crowned molar, thought to have fallen out due to root caries, at the left lower lobe branch. Removal of the foreign body was unsuccessful with grasping or basket forceps, but successful with cryoadhesion using a cryoprobe. Removal of an airway foreign body by a cryoprobe depends on the nature of the foreign body, namely its water content. Therefore, cryoprobes are not inherently suitable for removing foreign bodies of aspirated teeth, but a tooth covered with mucus for a long time after aspiration can be cryoadhered with cryoprobes. Airway foreign bodies that remain in the airway for a long time should also be considered for removal by cryoprobe, regardless of the water content of the material.
Sign‐sensitivity of metabolic networks: Which structures determine the sign of the responses
Authors: Vassena Nicola 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPerturbations are ubiquitous in metabolism. A central tool to understand and control their influence on metabolic networks is sensitivity analysis, which investigates how the network responds to external perturbations. We follow here a structural approach: the analysis is based on the network stoichiometry only and it does not require any quantitative knowledge of the reaction rates. We consider perturbations of reaction rates and metabolite concentrations, at equilibrium, and we investigate the responses in the network. For general metabolic systems, this paper focuses on the sign of the responses, that is, whether a response is positive, negative or whether its sign depends on the parameters of the system. In particular, we identify and describe the subnetworks that are the main players in the sign description. These subnetworks are associated to certain kernel vectors of the stoichiometric matrix and are thus independent from the chosen kinetics.
Scrambling with conservation laws
Authors: Cheng Gong , Swingle Brian 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this article we discuss the impact of conservation laws, specifically U(1) charge conservation and energy conservation, on scrambling dynamics, especially on the approach to the late time fully scrambled state. As a model, we consider a d + 1 dimensional (d ≥ 2) holographic conformal field theory with Einstein gravity dual. Using the holographic dictionary, we calculate out-of-time-order-correlators (OTOCs) that involve the conserved U(1) current operator or energy-momentum tensor. We show that these OTOCs approach their late time value as a power law in time, with a universal exponent $$ \frac{d}{2} $$

d
2

. We also generalize the result to compute OTOCs between general operators which have overlap with the conserved charges.