bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Surgical Approach for Mandibular Anterior Root Coverage by Modified Tunnel Technique With Simultaneous Frenuloplasty: Technical Description and 5‐Year Recall Case Report
Authors: Rimbert Matthieu , Barré Ronan 
Published: April 2021

IntroductionRoot coverage of gingival recessions in the anterior mandible has limited predictability. Mandibular incisors often offers a thin phenotype, a lack of keratinized tissue and moreover a shallow vestibule with high labial frenum attachment. These conditions induce tensions on the surgical site in conventional coronally advanced flap (CAF) procedures and may compromise the complete root coverage. The purpose of this case report is to present a novel surgical technique for deep labial recessions on mandibular incisors, based on a modified tunnel technique with subepithelial connective tissue graft (CTG) in combination with simultaneous frenuloplasty.Case PresentationA 20‐year‐old female patient was referred to the office for treatment of an isolated RT1 in Cairo classification buccal recession on #24 with a shallow vestibule. The design of the recipient site consisted of a full‐thickness modified tunnel preparation extending 4 mm bilaterally to the recession and beyond the crestal bone. A CTG was harvested from the palate and properly adapted to the root surface. The graft and flap were secured with single‐interrupted sutures and double‐crossed sutures to achieve complete root coverage. Frenuloplasty was then performed with a single incision in the bottom of the vestibule and careful sectioning of frenum fibers to release vestibular tensions. Complete root coverage was maintained at 5 years with completely satisfactory esthetic outcomes.ConclusionTreatment of single deep mandibular anterior recessions with a combined tunneled CTG approach in addition to frenuloplasty appears to lead to complete long‐term root coverage in one surgery with lasting esthetics results.
Youth's experiences with inclusion, isolation, and discrimination in the LGBTQ+ community
Authors: Closson Leanna M. , Comeau Emily 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIt has been well established that sexual‐ and gender‐minority youth are vulnerable to judgement and maltreatment by non‐LGBTQ+ peers. However, little research has focused on the experiences and interactions among youth specifically within the LGBTQ+ community. The purpose of the present study was to examine inclusion, isolation and discrimination within the LGBTQ+ community, while considering youths' sense of identity. Participants were 122 sexual minority and gender diverse youth between the ages of 14 and 25 years old. Participants completed self‐report measures assessing self‐esteem, as well as experiences in the LGBTQ+ community and strength of LGBTQ+ identities. Results indicated that, beyond the effect of self‐esteem, youth with a strongly developed identity as LGBTQ+ reported greater inclusion and less isolation in the LGBTQ+ community. In contrast, a more strongly developed gender identity was related to greater gender identity discrimination and less inclusion in the community. Sexual orientation identity strength was unrelated to experiences in the community. The results highlight the complexity of identity development for LGBTQ+ youth. Study findings emphasize the importance of future work considering the protective role of identifying with the LGBTQ+ community as a whole in mitigating intragroup exclusionary experiences among sexual minority and gender diverse youth. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
Correction of sinus venosus atrial septal defects with the 10 zig covered Cheatham‐platinum stent – An international registry
Authors: Rosenthal Eric , Qureshi Shakeel A. , Jones Matthew , Butera Gianfranco , Sivakumar Kothandam , Boudjemline Younes , Hijazi Ziyad M. , Almaskary Salim , Ponder Reid D. , Salem Morris M. , Walsh Kevin , Kenny Damien , Hascoet Sebastien , Berman Darren P. , Thomson John , Vettukattil Joseph J. , Zahn Evan M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundCovered stent correction of sinus venosus ASDs (SVASD) is a relatively new technique. Challenges include anchoring a sufficiently long stent in a nonstenotic superior vena cava (SVC) and expanding the stent at the wider SVC‐RA junction without obstructing the anomalous right upper pulmonary vein (RUPV). The 10‐zig covered Cheatham‐platinum (CCP) stent has the advantage of being available in lengths of 5–11 cm and dilatable to 34 mm in diameter.MethodsAn international registry reviewed the outcomes of 10‐zig CCP stents in 75 patients aged 11.4–75.9 years (median 45.4) from March 2016. Additional stents were used to anchor the stent in the SVC or close residual shunts in 33/75. An additional stent was placed in 4/5 (80%) with 5/5.5 cm CCPs, 18/29 (62%) with 6 cm CCPs, 5/18 (28%) with 7 cm CCPs, 5/22 (23%) with 7.5/8 cm CCPs and 0/1 with an 11 cm CCP. A “protective” balloon catheter was inflated in the RUPV in 17.ResultsEarly stent embolization in two patients required surgical removal and defect repair and tamponade was drained in one patient. The CT at 3 months showed occlusion of the RUPV in one patient. Follow up is from 2 months to 5.1 years (median 1.8 years). QP:QS has reduced from 2.5 ± 0.5 to 1.2 ± 0.36 (p < .001) and RVEDVi from 149.1 ± 35.4 to 95.6 ± 21.43 ml/m2 (p < .001).ConclusionsTen‐zig CCPs of 7–8 cm appear to provide reliable SVASD closure with a low requirement for additional stents. Careful selection of patients and meticulous attention to detail is required to avoid complications.
Training oncology care providers in the assessment and treatment of tobacco use and dependence
Authors: Ostroff Jamie S. , Bolutayo Gaffney Kemi L. , O’Brien Maureen , deLeon‐Sanchez Suhana T. , Whitlock C. Will , Kotsen Chris S. , Carter‐Harris Lisa , Banerjee Smita C. , Schofield Elizabeth 
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUNDClinical practice guidelines for promoting smoking cessation in cancer care exist; however, most oncology settings have not established tobacco use assessment and treatment as standard care. Inadequate staff training and other implementation challenges have been identified as barriers for delivery of evidence‐based tobacco treatment. Providing training in tobacco treatment tailored to the unique needs of tobacco‐dependent patients with cancer is one strategy to improve adoption of best practices to promote smoking cessation in cancer care.METHODSA tobacco treatment training program for oncology care providers (tobacco treatment training‐oncology [TTT‐O]) consisting of a 2‐day didactic and experiential workshop followed by 6 monthly, collaboratory videoconference calls supporting participants in their efforts to implement National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines in their oncology settings was developed and implemented. This article presents preliminary results on program evaluation, changes in participants' self‐efficacy, and progress in implementing tobacco treatment.RESULTSData have been obtained from the first 5 cohorts of TTT‐O participants (n = 110) who completed training, course evaluations, baseline and follow‐up surveys. Participants rated the training as highly favorable and reported significant gains in self‐efficacy in their ability to assess and treat tobacco dependence. Participants also demonstrated significant improvements in tobacco treatment skills and implementation of several indicators of improved adoption of best practices for tobacco treatment in their cancer care settings.CONCLUSIONSImplementation of tobacco treatment training for cancer care providers is feasible, acceptable, and can have a significant positive impact on participants' tobacco treatment skills, self‐efficacy, and greater adoption of tobacco treatment delivery in cancer care.
V‐Shaped Methylpyrimidinium Chromophores for Nonlinear Optics
Authors: Achelle Sylvain , Verbitskiy Egor V. , Fecková Michaela , Bureš Filip , Barsella Alberto , Robin‐le Guen Françoise 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA series of four V‐shaped methylpyrimidinium salts bearing diphenylamino‐electron‐donating groups appended at various pyrimidine positions were designed. These chromophores were obtained by regioselective N(1) monomethylation by methyl methanesulfonate of the pyrimidine core. Linear optical properties were studied experimentally and electronic properties were further completed by (TD)‐DFT calculations. The second‐order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties were also studied using electric field induced second harmonic generation (EFISH) method in chloroform, and all pyrimidinium salts exhibited μβ0>1000×10−48 esu. The 2,4‐disubstituted pyrimidinium core is preferred over 4,6‐disubstitution as it enhances the NLO response and increases the dipole moment. (E,E)‐2,4‐Bis[4‐(diphenylamino)styryl]‐1‐methylpyrimidin‐1‐ium methanesulfonate appears to be the best NLO‐phore in chloroform in the series (μβ0=2500×10−48 esu) and a figure of merit μβ0/MW=3.4 10−48 esu mol g−1.
Categorisation of patients based on immune profiles: a new approach to identifying candidates for response to checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: Bornschlegl Svetlana , Gustafson Michael P , Delivanis Danae A , Ryder Mabel , Liu Minetta C , Vasmatzis George , Hallemeier Chris L , Park Sean S , Roberts Lewis R , Parney Ian F , Jelinek Diane F , Dietz Allan B 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectivesInhibitors to the checkpoint proteins cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte‐associated protein 4 (CTLA‐4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‐1) are becoming widely used in cancer treatment. However, a lack of understanding of the patient response to treatment limits accurate identification of potential responders to immunotherapy.MethodsIn this study, we assessed the expression of PD‐1 and CTLA‐4 on 19 leucocyte populations in the peripheral blood of 74 cancer patients. A reference data set for PD‐1 and CTLA‐4 was established for 40 healthy volunteers to determine the normal expression patterns for these checkpoint proteins.ResultsUnsupervised hierarchical clustering found four immune profiles shared across the solid tumor types, while chronic lymphocytic leukaemia patients had an immune profile largely unique to them. Furthermore, we measured these leucocyte populations on an additional cohort of 16 cancer patients receiving the PD‐1 inhibitor pembrolizumab in order to identify differences between responders and non‐responders, as well as compared to healthy volunteers (n = 20). We observed that cancer patients had pre‐treatment PD‐1 and CTLA‐4 expression on their leucocyte populations at different levels compared to healthy volunteers and identified two leucocyte populations positive for CTLA‐4 that had not been previously described. We found higher levels of PD‐1+ CD3+ CD4− CD8− cells in patients with progressive disease and have identified it as a potential biomarker of response, as well as identifying other significant differences in phenotypes between responders and non‐responders.ConclusionThese results are suggestive that categorisation of patients based on immune profiles may differentiate responders from non‐responders to immunotherapy for solid tumors.
Kinetics of peripheral blood neutrophils in severe coronavirus disease 2019
Authors: Metzemaekers Mieke , Cambier Seppe , Blanter Marfa , Vandooren Jennifer , de Carvalho Ana Carolina , Malengier‐Devlies Bert , Vanderbeke Lore , Jacobs Cato , Coenen Sofie , Martens Erik , Pörtner Noëmie , Vanbrabant Lotte , Van Mol Pierre , Van Herck Yannick , Van Aerde Nathalie , Hermans Greet , Gunst Jan , Borin Alexandre , Toledo N Pereira Bruna , dos SP Gomes Arilson Bernardo , Primon Muraro Stéfanie , Fabiano de Souza Gabriela , S Farias Alessandro , Proenca‐Modena José Luiz , R Vinolo Marco Aurélio ,   the CONTAGIOUS Consortium, Marques Pedro Elias , Wouters Carine , Wauters Els , Struyf Sofie , Matthys Patrick , Opdenakker Ghislain , Marques Rafael Elias , Wauters Joost , Gouwy Mieke , Proost Paul 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectivesEmerging evidence of dysregulation of the myeloid cell compartment urges investigations on neutrophil characteristics in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). We isolated neutrophils from the blood of COVID‐19 patients receiving general ward care and from patients hospitalised at intensive care units (ICUs) to explore the kinetics of circulating neutrophils and factors important for neutrophil migration and activation.MethodsMulticolour flow cytometry was exploited for the analysis of neutrophil differentiation and activation markers. Multiplex and ELISA technologies were used for the quantification of protease, protease inhibitor, chemokine and cytokine concentrations in plasma. Neutrophil polarisation responses were evaluated microscopically. Gelatinolytic and metalloproteinase activity in plasma was determined using a fluorogenic substrate. Co‐culturing healthy donor neutrophils with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) allowed us to investigate viral replication in neutrophils.ResultsUpon ICU admission, patients displayed high plasma concentrations of granulocyte–colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) and the chemokine CXCL8, accompanied by emergency myelopoiesis as illustrated by high levels of circulating CD10−, immature neutrophils with reduced CXCR2 and C5aR expression. Neutrophil elastase and non‐metalloproteinase‐derived gelatinolytic activity were increased in plasma from ICU patients. Significantly higher levels of circulating tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP‐1) in patients at ICU admission yielded decreased total MMP proteolytic activity in blood. COVID‐19 neutrophils were hyper‐responsive to CXCL8 and CXCL12 in shape change assays. Finally, SARS‐CoV‐2 failed to replicate inside human neutrophils.ConclusionOur study provides detailed insights into the kinetics of neutrophil phenotype and function in severe COVID‐19 patients, and supports the concept of an increased neutrophil activation state in the circulation.
Detection of CAR‐T19 cells in peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid: An assay applicable to routine diagnostic laboratories
Authors: Johansson Ulrika , Gallagher Kathleen , Burgoyne Victoria , Maus Marcela V. , Casey Keagan S. , Brini Gabrielle G. , Frigault Matthew J. , Yam Jennifer Y. , Chavda Nikesh , Besley Caroline , Lugthart Sanne 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundChimeric antigen receptor‐modified T‐cells targeting CD19 (CAR‐T19) are licensed for treating relapsed/refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma and B‐acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Predicting treatment responses and toxicity (e.g., cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity) remains a big challenge. CAR‐T19 monitoring could increase our understanding of treatment responses and be of relevance to patient management. A robust method for accurate CAR‐T19 detection is therefore extremely desirable.MethodsAn assay that uses fluorochrome‐conjugated human recombinant soluble CD19 was tested against two commercially available CAR‐T19 therapies and a CAR‐T19 cell line developed in‐house. Precision, concordance, and analyte stability were tested using peripheral blood obtained from CAR‐T19‐treated patients and controls.ResultsThe assay showed good accuracy, and had a limit of blank for whole blood samples of 0.13%. Reproducibility and inter‐operator concordance were satisfactory (CVs <15%). The assay distinguished CAR‐T19 from reactive T‐cells in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with suspected immune effector cell‐associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), and was adapted to study memory T‐cell compartments in treated patients.ConclusionThe assay enabled routine monitoring of CAR‐T19 in blood and CSF samples. Despite profound cytopenia in many lymphoma patients, results were obtained regularly from only 4 ml of blood. The assay can be adapted easily to characterize the memory and exhaustion status of CAR‐T19 and native T‐cells. Importantly, it does not rely on CAR construct specificity; thus, it can be used to detect any CD19‐targeted CAR cell. Finally, our validation process can serve as a blueprint for other fluorochrome proteins used to detect CAR cells.
Stereo‐Defined Ferrocenyl Glycol Nucleic Acid (Fc‐GNA) Constituents: Synthesis, Electrochemistry, Mechanism of Formation, and Anticancer Activity Studies
Authors: Skiba Joanna , Kowalczyk Aleksandra , Trzybiński Damian , Woźniak Krzysztof , Vrček Valerije , Gapińska Magdalena , Kowalski Konrad 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we report the Yb(OTf)3‐mediated etherification reaction that allowed obtaining R,R and S,R isomers of ferrocenyl glycol nucleic acid (Fc‐GNA) nucleosides from their corresponding stereo‐defined (S,R) precursor. The R,R absolute configuration of the chiral carbon atoms in one of the Fc‐nucleoside isomers was assigned by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Density functional theory calculations showed that the stereochemical outcome of the reaction can be explained by an exo attack of ethylene glycol on the pro‐R‐ or pro‐S‐configured α‐ferrocenyl carbenium ion intermediate. The R,R isomer was transformed into the corresponding nucleotide diethyl ester which is, to the best of our knowledge, the first Fc‐GNA nucleotide ever reported. The obtained compounds feature reversible one‐electron oxidation of the ferrocenyl portion of their molecular structures. Anticancer activity studies showed that the (S,R) nucleoside was the most active against HeLa and Ishikawa cancer cells, while it did not show any activity against nontumorigenic L929 cells. The compound induced apoptosis in HeLa cells at IC50=66.0 μM concentration upon 72 h of treatment.
Seepage mechanisms and permeability differences between loess and paleosols in the critical zone of the Loess Plateau
Authors: Hou Kai , Qian Hui , Zhang Yuting , Wang Haike 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe soil in the Loess Plateau has special permeability characteristics due to the alternating distribution of loess and paleosol layers. Using an analysis of the physical properties, microstructure and thermogravimetric analysis of loess and paleosol, this paper examines strata seepage mechanisms in the loess tableland area and considers the applicability of a hydraulic conductivity empirical formula. The analysis shows that hydraulic conductivity attenuation with depth can be represented by a negative exponential model, while hydraulic conductivity values are not normally distributed. The best‐fitting models of hydraulic conductivity in the horizontal (KH) and vertical (KV) directions are Gaussian models, and both have strong spatial correlations. This study of the difference in permeability between loess and paleosol found that the depositional environment was the dominant causal factor, making the average hydraulic conductivity of most loess layers greater than that of the underlying paleosol layers. Different microstructures between loess and paleosol also confirmed the microscopic explanation in permeability anisotropy and their permeability difference. Thermogravimetric analysis determined temperature ranges for different types of water lost by heat, and then calculated ratios of bound water mass to liquid limit, with an average of 0.768. A modified formula suitable for loess was obtained by integrating the consistency index method and effective porosity ratio model into the hydraulic conductivity empirical formula. Compared with the results of laboratory tests and uncorrected formulas, the modified formula provides a good estimate of strata hydraulic conductivity. Accurate understandings of seepage mechanisms and permeability differences in the loess area are important, promoting ecological restoration and providing scientific guidance for the sustainable development of the Loess Plateau.
Electrocautery‐induced molten metal particle generation from total joint replacements: Morphology and chemistry
Authors: Wiegand Michael J. , Kubacki Gregory W. , Gilbert Jeremy L. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractElectrosurgical techniques are used during surgery to cauterize, and their damaging effects have primarily been documented in terms of tissue necrosis, charring, and localized heat accumulation. Metallic implants as well as the surgical blade can experience incidental electrosurgical current arcing that results in the generation and transfer of melted metallic particles. This work examines the composition, particle size distribution, and chemical state of the melted alloy surfaces and particles produced in vitro. Using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy, a flash‐melting particle generation phenomenon between source 304 SSL blades and polished cobalt‐chromium‐molybdenum (CoCrMo) and titanium‐6‐aluminum‐4‐vandaium (Ti6Al4V) surfaces was documented where 304 SSL mixed heterogeneously with the CoCrMo and Ti6Al4V ejecting “splatter” particles from the cautery site. The spherical micron‐sized particles were embedded with sub‐micron‐sized particles with 42% of the total sample population measuring between 0.25 and 0.35 μm in diameter. CoCrMo‐304 SSL particles were principally made of high concentrations of iron, oxygen, and nickel with embedded sub‐micron‐sized particles containing oxygen, chromium, and cobalt with lower concentrations of iron and molybdenum. Ti6Al4V‐304 SSL interactions resulted in similar micron‐sized particles made up of high concentrations of iron, nickel, and chromium with embedded sub‐micron‐sized particles containing titanium, oxygen, and small amounts of aluminum. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy of damaged CoCrMo surfaces confirmed the presence of chromium (VI) following dry electrocautery contact in coagulation mode. The structural effects of electrocautery‐induced damage are becoming visible in retrieval analysis, but the long‐term physiological implications during the lifetime of the implant from this damage mode have yet to be defined.
The JOBS Act, underwriting costs, and voluntary disclosure
Authors: Yu Ji , Gao Lei , Rezaee Zabihollah , Han Shipeng 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe 2012 Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (JOBS Act) was enacted to enable emerging growth companies (EGCs) to raise capital without facing vigorous regulations. We investigate whether underwriting fees and indirect costs of initial public offerings (IPOs) change after the passage of the JOBS Act. Unlike recent studies that investigate the impact of post‐IPO voluntary disclosure, we investigate the role of the pre‐IPO voluntary disclosure of use‐of‐proceeds for EGCs. Using a sample of 492 IPOs from April 5, 2009 to April 5, 2015, we find that after the adoption of the JOBS Act, IPOs’ indirect costs increase while the underwriting commissions decrease and that the effects of the JOBS Act on IPOs’ indirect costs and underwriting commissions are weaker for firms that have a high level of voluntary disclosure of use‐of‐proceeds. Results suggest that the optimal level of voluntary disclosures within the mandatory framework benefit EGCs and their investors and have policy, practice, and educational implications.