bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TAVR in patients with end stage liver and renal disease: Lifesaving and increasing transplant eligibility
Authors: Cilingiroglu Mehmet , Okutucu Sercan 
Published: July 2021

Key Points
Data regarding outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) and/or end‐stage liver disease (ESLD) with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis (AS) is limited.
In well‐selected group of patients with ESRD or ESLD, TAVR seems to have same short‐term mortality as control group with an increased trend for long‐term mortality as expected. Thus, TAVR is an option for AS with ESRD and/or ESLD in order to overcome cardiac barriers to solid organ transplantation.
There is need to for larger studies to evaluate TAVR for AS in pretransplant patients with ESLD and ESRD, particularly as a separate cohort.
Intravascular ultrasound: Beneficial even with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Seto Arnold H. , Tehrani David M. 
Published: July 2021

Key Points
Intravascular ultrasound reduces MACE, target vessel revascularization, and stent thrombosis in percutaneous coronary intervention, but limited data exist for ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients.
This analysis from the Nationwide Readmissions Database suggests that intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) use at the time of STEMI is associated with lower rates of readmission due to acute MI and mortality at 11 months.
There are multiple reasons to believe that the effect of IVUS would be beneficial in STEMI, and this study contributes some circumstantial evidence.
Design, Synthesis, Evaluation and Structure of Allenic 1α,25‐Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Analogs with Locked Mobility at C‐17
Authors: Fraga Ramón , Len Kateryna , Lutzing Regis , Laverny Gilles , Loureiro Julian , Maestro Miguel A. , Rochel Natacha , Rodriguez‐Borges Enrique , Mouriño Antonio 
Published: July 2021

AbstractVitamin D receptor ligands have potential for the treatment of hyperproliferative diseases and disorders related to the immune system. However, hypercalcemic effects limit their therapeutical uses and call for the development of tissue‐selective new analogs. We have designed and synthesized the first examples of 1α,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 analogs bearing an allenic unit attached to the D ring to restrict the side‐chain conformational mobility. The triene system was constructed by a Pd0‐mediated cyclization/Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling process in the presence of an allenic side chain. The allenic moiety was built through an orthoester‐Claisen rearrangement of a propargylic alcohol. The biological activity and structure of (22S)‐1α,25‐dihydroxy‐17,20‐dien‐24‐homo‐21‐nor‐vitamin D3 bound to binding domain of the vitamin D receptor, provide information concerning side‐chain conformational requirements for biological activity.
A Fluorometric CYP19A1 (Aromatase) Activity Assay in Live Cells
Authors: Heidary David K. , Kriger Sarah M. , Hachey Austin C. , Glazer Edith C. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractInhibition of estrogen synthesis is an integral component of the frontline pharmacologic therapy for the treatment of estrogen receptor positive cancers. However, there is currently no direct, high‐throughput‐ready assay for aromatase (also known as CYP19A1) that can be performed in live cells. Herein we present a cell‐based assay that allows for multiplexed assessment of enzyme activity, protein half‐life, cell viability, and identification of inhibitors with slow off‐rates.
On the ridge estimation of theConway‐MaxwellPoisson regression model with multicollinearity: Methods and applications
Authors: Sami Faiza , Amin Muhammad , Butt Muhammad Moeen 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn data analysis, count data modeling contributing a significant role. The Conway‐Maxwell Poisson (COMP) is one of the flexible count data models to deal over and under dispersion. In the COMP regression model, when the explanatory variables are correlated, then the maximum likelihood estimator does not give efficient results due to the large standard error (SE) of the estimates. To overcome the effect of multicollinearity, we have proposed some ridge regression estimators in the COMP regression model by introducing dispersion parameter in the context of overdispersion, equidispersion, and underdispersion. The Iterative reweighted least method is used for the estimation of ridge regression coefficients in the COMP regression model. To evaluate the performance of the proposed estimators, we use mean squared error (MSE) as the performance evaluation criteria. Theoretical comparison of the proposed estimators with the competitor estimators is made and conditions of efficiency have been derived. The proposed estimator is evaluated with the help of a simulation study and two real applications. The results of the simulation study and real applications show the superiority of the proposed estimator because the proposed estimator produces smaller MSE and SEs of the COMP regression estimates with multicollinearity.
A Purely Inorganic Quasi‐Keggin Polyoxometalate for Photocatalytic Conversion of Carbon Dioxide to Carbon Monoxide
Authors: Liu Xiao‐Mei , Kang Run‐Kun , Wang Ji‐Lei , Li Jia‐Nian , Chen Qiao‐Ling , Xu Yan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA pure inorganic cluster, H47Na2Co4Mo24(PO4)11O72 ⋅ 15H2O (denoted as {Co4Mo24}), has been successfully synthesized by hydrothermal method. Notably, the assembly of a central {Co2PO4} tetrahedron and four peripheral {Co[P4Mo6]} fragments gives rise to a rare “quasi‐Keggin” structure of {Co4Mo24}, in which Co linkers continue to bridge adjacent substructures, resulting in the generation of 3D framework with large cavities. Benefitting from the combination of strong reductive {P4Mo6} units and Co active centers, the photocatalytic system with {Co4Mo24} as heterogeneous catalyst exhibits excellent activity for CO2 conversion to CO, offering the CO formation rate of 1848.3 μmol g−1 h−1 with high selectivity of 97.0 %. Besides, thermogravimetric and X‐ray diffraction analysis confirm that {Co4Mo24} can maintain stable during the photocatalytic reaction process.
Plant‐available soil nitrogen fluxes and turfgrass quality of Kentucky bluegrass fertilized with humic substances
Authors: Lindsey Alex J. , Thoms Adam W. , McDaniel Marshall D. , Christians Nick E. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHigh quality turfgrass requires adequate amounts of nitrogen (N) fertilizer. However, excess N application can increase N losses via leaching and gaseous emissions. Enhanced efficiency fertilizers (EEF) and humic substances have been used to decrease N losses to the environment. A two‐year field experiment was conducted on a native soil with Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) to investigate if the addition of humic substances to fertilizers could be classified as an enhanced efficiency fertilizer. To determine this, the objectives were: a) to determine if incorporating humic substances will increase the plant‐available N collected on ion exchange membranes (IEM) over a growing season and b) to determine the N release (NR) curves of the fertilizer treatments using the mesh bag technique. Fertilizer treatments included humic‐coated urea (HCU), poly‐coated humic‐coated urea (PCHCU), urea + humic dispersing granules (HDG), poly‐coated sulfur‐coated urea (PCSCU), stabilized N, urea, and a nontreated control. Overall, the addition of humic substance to fertilizers did not improve turfgrass quality compared with fertilizers alone. Additionally, all fertilizer treatments had improved turfgrass quality relative to the nontreated control and provided acceptable turfgrass quality for almost all of the growing season. Over the growing season, PCHCU had 25% greater inorganic N captured on IEM compared with all other treatments. Both PCHCU and PCSCU show extended NR curves with PCHCU having a greater release period. In conclusion, PCHCU increased plant‐available N concentrations, released it slowly, and should be classified as an EEF.
Polymer Chemistry Applications of Cyrene and its Derivative Cygnet 0.0 as Safer Replacements for Polar Aprotic Solvents
Authors: Milescu Roxana A. , Zhenova Anna , Vastano Marco , Gammons Richard , Lin Shiliang , Lau Cher Hon , Clark James H. , McElroy Con R. , Pellis Alessandro 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study explores a binary solvent system composed of biobased Cyrene and its derivative Cygnet 0.0 for application in membrane technology and in biocatalytic synthesis of polyesters. Cygnet‐Cyrene blends could represent viable replacements for toxic polar aprotic solvents. The use of a 50 wt % Cygnet‐Cyrene mixture makes a practical difference in the production of flat sheet membranes by nonsolvent‐induced phase separation. New polymeric membranes from cellulose acetate, polysulfone, and polyimide are manufactured by using Cyrene, Cygnet 0.0, and their blend. The resultant membranes have different morphology when the solvent/mixture and temperature of the casting solution change. Moreover, Cyrene, Cygnet 0.0, and Cygnet‐Cyrene are also explored for substituting diphenyl ether for the biocatalytic synthesis of polyesters. The results indicate that Cygnet 0.0 is a very promising candidate for the enzymatic synthesis of high molecular weight polyesters.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Highly Potent Fungicidal Deoxy‐Hygrophorones
Authors: Ditfe Toni , Bette Eileen , N. Sultani Haider , Otto Alexander , Wessjohann Ludger A. , Arnold Norbert , Westermann Bernhard 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBased on naturally occurring hygrophorones, racemic di‐ and mono‐hydroxylated cyclopentenones bearing an aliphatic side chain have been produced in short synthetic sequences starting from furfuryl aldehyde. For the series of dihydroxylated trans‐configured derivatives, an Achmatowicz‐rearrangement and a Caddick‐ring contraction were employed, and for the series of trans‐configured mono‐hydroxylated derivatives a Piancatelli‐rearrangement. All final products showed good to excellent fungicidal activities against the plant pathogens B. cinerea, S. tritici and P. infestans.
Synthesis of Mg2Ni using stoichiometric and superstoichiometric compositions for hydrogen storage applications
Authors: Sharma Bipin , Tiwari Saurabh , Sharma Pratibha 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTA Mg2Ni intermetallic compound was synthesized through a mechanochemical route using both stoichiometric and slightly superstoichiometric mixtures of Mg and Ni. The former composition was processed by mechanical alloying, followed by annealing, while the latter composition using high‐energy ball milling. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine the effect of the annealing temperature and holding time on the phase abundance and surface morphology. The sample with a stoichiometric ratio of Mg and Ni was ball‐milled under the argon atmosphere for 20 hours. The XRD pattern for this unannealed ball‐milled alloy had no evidence of Mg2Ni phase formation. Mg2Ni phase formation was obtained on subsequent heat treatment of the sample. The heat treatment parameters, such as annealing temperature and holding time, were optimized to get the maximum yield of Mg2Ni. The optimum temperature for annealing was found to be 480°C, with a holding time of 1 hour, and the phase abundance under these conditions of Mg2Ni was 52.9%. The yield of Mg2Ni increased with holding time. For 10 hours of holding time, the optimal yield of Mg2Ni (66.9%) was achieved. In the superstoichiometric ratio of Mg and Ni, the Mg2Ni phase was obtained in only 5 hours using high‐energy ball milling. The microstructure of alloy synthesized under an optimal set of conditions was studied using SEM.
The X factor: A robust and powerful approach to X‐chromosome‐inclusive whole‐genome association studies
Authors: Chen Bo , Craiu Radu V. , Strug Lisa J. , Sun Lei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe X‐chromosome is often excluded from genome‐wide association studies because of analytical challenges. Some of the problems, such as the random, skewed, or no X‐inactivation model uncertainty, have been investigated. Other considerations have received little to no attention, such as the value in considering nonadditive and gene–sex interaction effects, and the inferential consequence of choosing different baseline alleles (i.e., the reference vs. the alternative allele). Here we propose a unified and flexible regression‐based association test for X‐chromosomal variants. We provide theoretical justifications for its robustness in the presence of various model uncertainties, as well as for its improved power when compared with the existing approaches under certain scenarios. For completeness, we also revisit the autosomes and show that the proposed framework leads to a more robust approach than the standard method. Finally, we provide supporting evidence by revisiting several published association studies. Supporting Information for this article are available online.
Contribution of Dufour and Soret effects on hydromagnetized material comprising temperature‐dependent thermal conductivity
Authors: Naseem Tahir , Nazir Umar , Sohail Muhammad 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe present flow model includes the flow modeling of nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) for variable thermal transport of heat energy in Newtonian fluid considering fundamental transport models in view of energy, mass, and momentum. The developing model of PDEs based on physical boundary conditions is solved numerically using the shooting approach. Flow in porous medium has applications in several industry mechanisms. The current research is done to address the transport phenomenon in a hydromagnetized flow model in a porous stretching sheet. Mass and heat transport is modeled via temperature‐dependent models of thermal conductivity and diffusion coefficient. The involvement of thermal radiation, chemical reaction, Dufour, and Soret effects is considered. The flow presenting expression has been modeled via boundary layer approximation, and the flow is produced due to the experimental stretching sheet. The governing equations have been approximated numerically via the shooting method. The efficiency of the scheme is established, including a comparative study. The graphical work is simulated according to ranges of various parameters while ranges of and are considered. Moreover, a decline in velocity field is recorded against the escalating values of porosity parameter and magnetic parameter.
Tumor promoting capacity of polymorphonuclear myeloid‐derived suppressor cells and their neutralization
Authors: Groth Christopher , Weber Rebekka , Lasser Samantha , Özbay Feyza Gül , Kurzay Annina , Petrova Vera , Altevogt Peter , Utikal Jochen , Umansky Viktor 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMyeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSC) represent a highly immunosuppressive population that expands in tumor bearing hosts and inhibits both T and NK cell antitumor effector functions. Among MDSC subpopulations, the polymorphonuclear (PMN) one is gaining increasing interest since it is a predominant MDSC subset in most cancer entities and inherits unique properties to facilitate metastatic spread. In addition, further improvement in distinguishing PMN‐MDSC from neutrophils has contributed to the design of novel therapeutic approaches. In this review, we summarize the current view on the origin of PMN‐MDSC and their relation to classical neutrophils. Furthermore, we outline the metastasis promoting features of these cells and promising strategies of their targeting to improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.
Labour supply, service intensity, and contracts: Theory and evidence on physicians
Authors: Fortin Bernard , Jacquemet Nicolas , Shearer Bruce 
Published: July 2021

SummaryBased on linked administrative and survey panel data, we analyse the labour supply behaviour of physicians who could adopt either a standard fee‐for‐service contract or a mixed remuneration (MR) contract. Under MR, physicians received a per diem and a reduced fee for services provided. We present estimates of a structural discrete choice model that incorporates service intensity (services provided per hour) and contract choice into a labour supply framework. We use our estimates to predict (ex ante) the effects of contracts on physician behaviour and welfare, as measured by average equivalent variations. The supply of services is reduced under an MR contract, suggesting incentives matter. Hours spent seeing patients is less sensitive to incentives than the supply of services. Our results suggest that a reform forcing all physicians to adopt the MR system would have substantially larger effects on physician behaviour than were measured under the observed reform. A pure salary (per diem) reform would sharply reduce services but would increase time spent seeing patients.
CRISPR‐Cas9–Mediated Genome Editing Confirms EPDR1 as an Effector Gene at the BMD GWAS‐Implicated ‘STARD3NL’ Locus
Authors: Pippin James A , Chesi Alessandra , Wagley Yadav , Su Chun , Pahl Matthew C , Hodge Kenyaita M , Johnson Matthew E , Wells Andrew D , Hankenson Kurt D , Grant Struan F A 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTGenome‐wide–association studies (GWASs) have discovered genetic signals robustly associated with BMD, but typically not the precise localization of effector genes. By intersecting genome‐wide promoter‐focused Capture C and assay for transposase‐accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC‐seq) data generated in human mesenchymal progenitor cell (hMSC)‐derived osteoblasts, consistent contacts were previously predicted between the EPDR1 promoter and multiple BMD‐associated candidate causal variants at the ‘STARD3NL’ locus. RNAi knockdown of EPDR1 expression in hMSC‐derived osteoblasts was shown to lead to inhibition of osteoblastogenesis. To fully characterize the physical connection between these putative noncoding causal variants at this locus and the EPDR1 gene, clustered regularly interspaced short‐palindromic repeat Cas9 endonuclease (CRISPR‐Cas9) genome editing was conducted in hFOB1.19 cells across the single open‐chromatin region harboring candidates for the underlying causal variant, rs1524068, rs6975644, and rs940347, all in close proximity to each other. RT‐qPCR and immunoblotting revealed dramatic and consistent downregulation of EPDR1 specifically in the edited differentiated osteoblast cells. Consistent with EPDR1 expression changes, alkaline phosphatase staining was also markedly reduced in the edited differentiated cells. Collectively, CRISPR‐Cas9 genome editing in the hFOB1.19 cell model supports previous observations, where this regulatory region harboring GWAS‐implicated variation operates through direct long‐distance physical contact, further implicating a key role for EPDR1 in osteoblastogenesis and BMD determination. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Independent External Validation of FRAX and Garvan Fracture Risk Calculators: A Sub‐Study of the FRISBEE Cohort
Authors: Baleanu Felicia , Iconaru Laura , Charles Alexia , Kinnard Virginie , Fils Jean‐François , Moreau Michel , Karmali Rafik , Surquin Murielle , Benoit Florence , Mugisha Aude , Paesmans Marianne , Laurent Michaël R , Bergmann Pierre , Body Jean‐Jacques 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTProbabilistic models including clinical risk factors with or without bone mineral density (BMD) have been developed to estimate the 5‐ or 10‐year absolute fracture risk. We investigated the performance of the FRAX and Garvan tools in a well‐characterized population‐based cohort of 3560 postmenopausal, volunteer women, aged 60 to 85 years at baseline, included in the Fracture Risk Brussels Epidemiological Enquiry (FRISBEE) cohort, during 5 years of follow‐up. Baseline data were used to calculate the estimated 10‐year risk of hip and major osteoporotic fractures (MOFs) for each participant using FRAX (Belgium). We computed the 5‐year risk according to the Garvan model with BMD. For calibration, the predicted risk of fracture was compared with fracture incidence across a large range of estimated fracture risks. The accuracy of the calculators to predict fractures was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC). The FRAX tool was well calibrated for hip fractures (slope 1.09, p < 0.001; intercept −0.001, p = 0.46), but it consistently underestimated the incidence of major osteoporotic fractures (MOFs) (slope 2.12, p < 0.001; intercept −0.02, p = 0.06). The Garvan tool was well calibrated for “any Garvan” fractures (slope 1.05, p < 0.001; intercept 0.01, p = 0.37) but largely overestimated the observed hip fracture rate (slope 0.32, p < 0.001; intercept 0.006, p = 0.05). The predictive value for hip fractures was better for FRAX (AUC: 0.841, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.795–0.887) than for Garvan (AUC: 0.769, 95% CI 0.702–0.836, p = 0.01). The Garvan AUC for “any Garvan” fractures was 0.721 (95% CI 0.693–0.749) and FRAX AUC for MOFs was 0.708 (95% CI 0.675–0.741). In conclusion, in our Belgian cohort, FRAX estimated quite well hip fractures but underestimated MOFs, while Garvan overestimated hip fracture risk but showed a good estimation of “any Garvan” fractures. Both models had a good discriminatory value for hip fractures but only a moderate discriminatory ability for MOFs or “any Garvan” fractures. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Universal two‐point interaction of mediator KIX with 9aaTAD activation domains
Authors: Hofrova Alena , Lousa Petr , Kubickova Monika , Hritz Jozef , Otasevic Tomas , Repko Martin , Knight Andrea , Piskacek Martin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe nine‐amino‐acid activation domain (9aaTAD) is defined by a short amino acid pattern including two hydrophobic regions (positions p3‐4 and p6‐7). The KIX domain of mediator transcription CBP interacts with the 9aaTAD domains of transcription factors MLL, E2A, NF‐kB, and p53. In this study, we analyzed the 9aaTADs‐KIX interactions by nuclear magnetic resonance. The positions of three KIX helixes α1–α2–α3 are influenced by sterically‐associated hydrophobic I611, L628, and I660 residues that are exposed to solvent. The positions of two rigid KIX helixes α1 and α2 generate conditions for structural folding in the flexible KIX‐L12‐G2 regions localized between them. The three KIX I611, L628, and I660 residues interact with two 9aaTAD hydrophobic residues in positions p3 and p4 and together build a hydrophobic core of five residues (5R). Numerous residues in 9aaTAD position p3 and p4 could provide this interaction. Following binding of the 9aaTAD to KIX, the hydrophobic I611, L628, and I660 residues are no longer exposed to solvent and their position changes inside the hydrophobic core together with position of KIX α1–α2–α3 helixes. The new positions of the KIX helixes α1 and α2 allow the KIX‐L12‐G2 enhanced formation. The second hydrophobic region of the 9aaTAD (positions p6 and p7) provides strong binding with the KIX‐L12‐G2 region. Similarly, multiple residues in 9aaTAD position p6 and p7 could provide this interaction. In conclusion, both 9aaTAD regions p3, p4 and p6, p7 provide co‐operative and highly universal binding to mediator KIX. The hydrophobic core 5R formation allows new positions of the rigid KIX α‐helixes and enables the enhanced formation of the KIX‐L12‐G2 region. This contributes to free energy and is the key for the KIX‐9aaTAD binding. Therefore, the 9aaTAD‐KIX interactions do not operate under the rigid key‐and‐lock mechanism what explains the 9aaTAD natural variability.