bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Utility of Ancillary Techniques in the Cyto-Diagnosis of Malignant Scalp Lesions
Authors: Shukla Saumya , Gupta Anurag , Awasthi Namrata P. , Chandra Subrat , Singh Pradyumn , Kapoor Shilpa 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is rapid, inexpensive, and easy technique to establish the diagnosis of scalp lesions. The use of ancillary techniques such as immunocytochemistry (ICC), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and flow cytometry on aspiration material aids in accurate diagnosis which is additionally beneficial for management and prognosis.

Aims:
The objective of this prospective case series was to evaluate the utility of ancillary techniques in the accurate cyto-diagnosis of malignant scalp lesions.

Materials and Methods:
This study was a prospective case series that included 64 cases of scalp lesions in which FNAC had been performed for diagnosis. The lesions were categorized as Non-diagnostic/Inadequate, Inflammatory, Benign and Malignant. In all the cases that were categorized as malignant additional material was collected for ancillary testing that included ICC, cell block preparation followed by IHC and flow cytometry.

Results:
Non-diagnostic/inadequate aspirates were 17.19% (n = 11/64), 25% (n = 16/64) aspirates were inflammatory, 35.93% (n = 23/64) aspirates were benign and 21.87% (n = 14/64) aspirates were categorized as malignant. With the aid of ancillary techniques, 57.14% malignant scalp aspirates were accurately categorized as epithelial origin. Lesions of bone and soft tissue constituted 28.57% (n = 4/14) of cases and lesions of hematolymphoid origin constituted 14.29% (n = 2/14) of all cases.

Conclusion:
This is a novel study where accurate categorization of malignant scalp tumors has been done with the use of ancillary techniques. This is useful as it may help in defining the tumor type, may aid in patient management. The material obtained can also be triaged for molecular testing.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice of generic medicines among physicians at multispecialty hospital
Authors: Hadia Rajesh B. , Joshi Dhaval B. , Gohel Kushal H. , Khambhati Nikhil 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Nowadays, brand-name drugs are becoming an out-of-pocket expense which comprises 80% of total health-care expenditures. However, generic drugs are less expensive than brand-name drugs with the same therapeutic effect, but many doctors hold negative views of generics and resist prescribing. This study was designed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of doctors toward generic medicines.

Methods:
This was a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study conducted in a multispecialty private hospital. The study participants were doctors who were practising in a hospital during the study period (January 2017 to July 2017). The questionnaire comprises 35 questions related to demographics, knowledge, attitude, and practice evaluation of generic medicines. Descriptive statistics was applied to represent participant characteristics and response rates.

Results:
A total of 86 questionnaires were distributed to the doctors and the response rate was 37%. The majority of doctors who participated in this survey perceived that generic medicine is effective, safe, and has same active component, dose, and bioequivalent as the brand medicines. Majority of the doctors (72%) believe that generic drugs were manufactured by poor techniques. However, more than three-quarter of doctors (78%) routinely prescribed generic drugs.

Conclusion:
Most of the doctors had an honest angle about the efficacy and safety of generic medicine. However, a high proportion of physicians believe that the generic drugs are of poorer quality. To have a better understanding of the generic drug, the doctor must be well informed about the generics products during their academic career that will significantly impact health-care budgets.
Indole-thiazolidinone conjugate inhibits nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell migration and invasion by targeting NF κB pathway
Authors: Zhang Guoping , Zhang Sheng 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To investigate the effect of indole-thiazolidinone on metastasis in HK1 nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.
Methods: HK1 cell proliferation was determined colorimetrically using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Invasion and migration of HK1 cells were assessed using Matrigel™ chamber coated invasion and wound healing assays, respectively.
Results: Indole-thiazolidinone suppressed proliferation of HK1 and NPC 039 NPC cell lines at 72 h. The degree of proliferation of HK1 cells on treatment with 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 μM indolethiazolidinone was 99, 87, 71, 64, 49, 38 and 31 %, respectively. In HK1 cell cultures, migration potential was reduced to 58.32, 47.54, 28.91 and 17.65 %, on exposure to 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 μM indole-thiazolidinone, respectively. Incubation with 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 μM indole-thiazolidinone resulted in cell invasion values of 63.41, 49.37, 35.12 and 19.67 %, respectively. There was a marked decrease in the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and matrix metalloproteinase 9 in HK1 cells on treatment with indole-thiazolidinone (p < 0.05). In addition, indole-thiazolidinone treatment resulted in decrease in p65 and p50 in nuclear fraction. Treatment of HK1 and NPC 039 cells with indolethiazolidinone and henenalin synergistically decreased cell proliferation. Indole-thiazolidinone treatment caused significant decrease in tumor growth in mice (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Indole-thiazolidinone inhibits proliferation and metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Therefore, it has potential for development as a therapeutic management of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in humans.
Withdrawn: Safranal induces autophagy by AMPK activation and protects neurons against amyloid beta in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Huang Xiaocheng , Zhu Manlian , Hua Ying , Yan Xiumei , Jiang Ruilai 
Published: May 2021

This article has been withdrawn by the Editor
Purpose: To investigate autophagic induction by safranal and neuroprotection against amyloid beta in Alzheimer’s disease.
Methods: Primary neurons and SH-SY5Y cells were used in this study. Assessment of cell proliferation and neuroprotection by safranal against amyloid beta was done by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. AMPK activation and mTOR inhibition were determined by western blot. Changes in intracellular calcium level, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were assessed by flow cytometry.
Results: Safranal protected neurons against amyloid beta toxicity. Furthermore, safranal activated AMPK pathway by activation of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMKKβ) to induce autophagy in both cell lines. The toxicity induced by amyloid beta in primary neurons and SH-SY5Y cells were attenuated by safranal. Moreover, amyloid beta-induced calcium levels were significantly decreased by safranal while ROS and MMP loss produced by amyloid beta was attenuated by safranal.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that safranal protects neurons against amyloid beta by inducing autophagy via AMPK pathway. Therefore, safranal is a probable therapeutic target for Alzheimer’s disease.
Antidiabetic effect of hydro-methanol extract of Prunus cerasus L fruits and identification of its bioactive compounds
Authors: Xiao Gong , Xiao Xiangcheng 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To investigate the antidiabetic effect of hydro-methanol extract of Prunus cerasus fruit extract.
Methods: The antidiabetic activity was assessed in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The effect of P. cerasus fruit extract on plasma fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin, C-peptide, total protein, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total hemoglobin, reduced glutathione (GSH), vitamins E and C, ceruloplasmin, lipid profile, histology of the pancreas, and expression of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT-4) were determined using standard procedures. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used for phytochemical analysis.
Results: Alloxan-induced diabetes significantly reduced plasma levels of insulin, C-peptide, total hemoglobin and total protein, and significantly increased FBG and HbA1c levels (p < 0.05). However, after treatment with the extract, changes in the levels of these parameters were significantly and dosedependently reversed (p < 0.05). The extract also increased the levels of GSH, vitamins E and C, and. Alloxan-induced DM significantly increased the levels of triacylglycerols (TGs), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and significantly reduced the level of total cholesterol (TC) at different time points (p < 0.05). However, after treatment, the levels of TG, LDL-C and HDL-C declined but TC level was significantly elevated time- and dose-dependently by the extract (p< 0.05). The extract upregulated the expression of GLUT-4 mRNA in soleus muscle and adipose tissue. LC-MS analysis revealed that the extract contained chlorogenic acid, rutin, diadzin, amygdalin, quercetin and naringenin.
Conclusion: The results obtained in this study have shown that hydromethanol extract of P. cerasus fruits exhibits remarkable antidiabetic effects.
Meta-analysis of effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine or its combination with Western medicine in the treatment of triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Yukun Wang , Chang Yao , Fan He , Jiayao Zeng 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To assess the efficacy and side effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in the management of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC).
Methods: Full text data on randomized controlled trial (RCT) of TNBC treated with TCM or its combination with Western Medicine (WM) were retrieved from the Chinese biomedical literature database, Chinese periodicals, Chinese Science-Technology periodicals and VP and PubMed. The qualities of the RCTs were evaluated. Revman 5.3 was used to conduct the meta-analysis.
Results: A total of 16 RCTs involving 1186 patients were included. Analysis of these RCTs showed significant differences in total effectiveness between WM and TCM or combination of TCM with WM {(OR = 2.63, 95 % CI = 1.37, 5.03), test of the combined effect (Z = 2.91, p ˂ 0.005)}.
Conclusion: The results show that TCM is effective in the treatment TNBC
Computed tomography assessment of the ethmoid roof based on Keros classification in Iraqi patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery
Authors: Abdulhadi Baseem Natheer , Shyaa Ali Ibrahim , ALTamimi Laith 
Published: May 2021

Background: Among the most popular methods employed to classify the depth of the olfactory fossa is Keros classification. This study aims to assess Keros classification of the ethmoid roof, any possible association between Keros types and gender, and the incidence of asymmetry between right and left sides among Iraqi patients.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Al-Shaheed Gazi Al-Hariri Teaching Hospital, Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq. The archived reports and the CT scans images (nose and paranasal sinuses) of 126 patients who have undergone functional endoscopic sinus surgery between January 2019 and January 2020 were reviewed. Univariate and bivariate statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 24. The statistically significant was considered at less than 0.05.
Results: More than half of patients were females (54.0%) with a mean age of 31.52 ± 11.38 (SD) years (range: 10-57 years). Among the total patients, the mean depth of olfactory fossa (OF) was 3.58 ± 0.02 mm. Results showed that Keros type I was the most common type (71.0%), followed by type II (27.4%) and type III (1.6%) respectively. The difference in the olfactory fossa depth between the right and left sides was ≥ 1 mm in 16 (12.7%) patients and < 1 mm in 110 (87.3%) patients. Moreover, there was no significant relation between symmetry/asymmetry and gender ( p-value > 0.05).
Conclusion: Keros type I was the most common type, which carries the lowest risk of inadvertent intracranial injury during endoscopic sinus surgery; besides the relatively low percentage of asymmetry in the depth of the two olfactory fossae among patients, surgeons should always be cautious during surgery to avoid iatrogenic injury concerning the thin lateral lamella of the cribriform plate.
Hermann von Ihering (1850-1930), o Naturalista
Authors: Nomura Hitoshi 
Published: May 2021

Este artigo trata da vida e da obra do naturalista Hermann von Ihering (1850-1930), que dirigiu o Museu Paulista por mais de vinte anos (1894-1916). Após fornecer alguns dados do seu pai Rudolf von Ihering (1818-1892), famoso jurista, o autor traça a vida do naturalista na Alemanha antes da sua vinda ao Brasil, sua estada no Rio Grande do Sul e São Paulo e depois quando regressou ao seu país de origem. Alguns trechos da vida do seu filho Rodolpho von Ihering (1883-1939) estão intercalados no texto. O autor fornece a lista completa dos artigos científicos e de divulgação que escreveu e fornece alguns dados informativos sobre os artigos mais relevantes. Uma bibliografia completa que trata dessas atividades é dada no final do artigo. O assunto preferido dele era o dos moluscos, cuja distribuição geográfica, relações geológicas e zoológicas, serviram de base para a sua teoria de Archhelenis e Archinotis.
Fragmented narratives: Minding the textual gap
Authors: Krauth Nigel 
Published: May 2021

This paper establishes a general view of how writers have utilised the process ofwriting in fragments since ancient times in expository, memoir, biography andfiction genres. A selection of fragmented narratives from classical, medieval, twentieth century and recent authors is discussed with particular focus on three forms – the aphorism, the feuilleton and hypertext – building to the idea that writers fashion a fragmented text so as to hand over a significant part of its meaning-making to the reader. In doing so, the writer manipulates the work as a mosaic of fragments and writes meaning – ie ‘directions for reading’ – into the gaps between the fragments. Relevant theoretical work by Walter Benjamin, Wolfgang Iser, J Hillis Miller, Simon Barton and others is applied to the discussion. .
Creating collaborative capacity in early career research writers
Authors: Gasson Susan , Bruce Christine , Maybee Clarence 
Published: May 2021

Given evidence of enhanced productivity and citations achieved by collaborative writers, it is important for researchers to develop collaborative capacity (Abramo, D’Angelo & Di Costa 2009; McCarty, Jawitz, Hopkins & Goldman 2013). Our theoretical paper defines the concepts of Collaborative Capacity and Informed Research and incorporates them within a Collaborative Research Culture Framework. We also present five stories that illustrate how elements of the Framework, including Collaborative Capacity, can help the collaborative research writer to overcome challenges and engage successfully in collaborative opportunities. One story focuses on a student and supervisor collaboration to highlight the role of trust and respect; another describes how student collaborations can enrich and enable informal, formal and sanctioned networks; a third describes the innovation, inclusion and initiative achieved through writing collaboratively; a fourth demonstrates how leadership capacity facilitates the creation of a successful edited book, and the last examines how writers as informed researchers can engage with critical communities and resources. All the stories occur in global and cross-disciplinary contexts and exemplify the potential for developing new collaborative writing approaches. While the stories are generic they are loosely based on collegially shared or reported experiences. The power of adopting a narrative approach in this paper is that it allows the exploration of the particular in ordinary, everyday instances (Clandinin 2013; Donnelly, Gabriel, Özkazanç‐Pan & Kara 2013). The stories demonstrate how a writer can develop Collaborative Capacity, by showing leadership and being an informed researcher, supporting access to different networks, genres and media that progress their research endeavours within and across disciplines and sectors (e.g., government, industry, community and the non-profit). We conclude that the Framework enables strategic reflection by those seeking to successfully collaborate through development of Collaborative Capacity.
Gagging the writer: The implicit censorship of non-fiction trade book publishing in Australia
Authors: Day Katherine 
Published: May 2021

Australian readers have a thirst for non-fiction books. A growing preference for autobiographies and biographies, true stories and criticism, investigative journalism and narrative journalism (Thompson, 2017, p. 204) showcases a trend towards “real” content that piques readers’ curiosity and offers deeper insight into the lives of public persons, and sometimes a perspective that might otherwise be considered private. But writing the tell-all or exposé is not without consequences, particularly with Australia’s defamation laws notorious for casting a “chilling effect” on freedom of speech (Dent and Kenyon, 2004, p. 3; Amponsah, 2005, p. 1) by regarding reputation above publications with a public interest element. This paper explores non-fiction trade book publishing alongside a contemporary construction of reputation and argues that in Australia “reputational interests” (Partlett, 2016, p. 67) in defamation law have created a practice of implicit censorship through legalling manuscripts, avoiding publication entirely, or even intercepting book distribution. In comparing the Australian legal framework with recent UK developments, this paper also asks if law reform can correct the balance between reputation and freedom of speech, thereby allowing authors more autonomy and allowing literary culture to thrive in the contemporary Australian publishing landscape.
A new suite: The process of knowing through poetry
Authors: Bullock Owen 
Published: May 2021

This critical/creative work responds to a call from Krauth and Watkins for amore radical form of the scholarly paper. Its hybrid form presents poems written in response to events at the second Poetry on the Move festival at the University of Canberra in 2016. Key ideas about the intersections betweenpoetry and knowledge from David McCooey and William Carlos Williams areconsidered together with readings and discussions by poets Tusiata Avia and Simon Armitage. The article charts writing experiences, tracking the drafts andthe editing process for ways in which my festival-inspired poems reflect on the intersections between poetry and knowledge, knowing and unknowing. Specifically, the poems concern the topics of knowing and observing the world; knowing memory and integrating the past with the present; and knowing the body. They embrace embodiment, imagination and biography, conscious of antagonisms between memory and the present. In this article, I problematise the use of the noun knowledge as opposed to the verb knowing and demonstrate that the former is unnecessarily privileged. I argue that articulating the full scope of poetry composition from inspiration to the final stages of editing demonstrates that artistic knowledge is best defined as a process of knowing. It is my contention that poets do demonstrate the knowledge of how to make things, as identified by Aristotle (1954); and alsothat we show ‘knowing as a process of inquiry’ (Johnson 2010). In doing so, we offer readers ’new ways of knowing and doing’ (Webb 2012, my emphasis). At the same time, our own new work, as I demonstrate here, responds to knowledge as ‘a living current’ (Williams 1923), an active state characterised by the verb ‘to know’.
'A body in time’: reading and writing Australian literature
Authors: Castles Belinda 
Published: May 2021

In the press, a lament for the study of Australian literature is often coupled with mistrust at the popularity of creative programs. It can be disconcerting for writers and teachers of writing in Australia, who work in a practical as well as pedagogical sense in the field of Australian literature, to be placed in an antithetical position to it. One response to the narrative of the decline of Australian literature in universities has been an assertion of its ‘embeddedness’ across the curriculum. The creative writing classroom is one place in which it can reliably be found, and the act of reading for the purpose of writing brings a distinctive charge to the study of Australian literature, produced by a movement across modal peripheries. This essay argues, via a ‘body in time’ (Jose 2011) model of Australian literature, and a reading of the novella Vertigo by Amanda Lohrey (2009), that the key elements of process and proximity in this mode of reading make a distinctive contribution to the study of Australian literature.
Creative duoethnography: a collaborative methodology for arts research
Authors: Walker Amelia , Di Niro Corinna 
Published: May 2021

Duoethnography is a dialogic methodology originally developed for social, health, and educational research (Sawyer & Norris 2015). In duoethnography, co-researchers actively question both their collaborator(s) and themselves, seeking to reperceive issues from different angles, thereby looking to and beyond the peripheries of what is known and how. Our essay argues the benefits of duoethnography for creative arts research. Drawing on our reading of relevant scholarly literature, and on learning gleaned through past and ongoing duoethnographic collaborations, we begin by considering collaborative research writing broadly, including related and alternative approaches. Then we outline duoethnography’s history and defining features, before relating our use of duoethnography in our collaborative research. A key feature of our approach is that we weave scenes with fictionalised characters into our main duoethnographic dialogue. In this article, we share our process, intending to provide insights relevant to creative arts academics also interested in collaborative research approaches.
Peripheries and praxis: the effect of rubric co-construction on student perceptions of their learning
Authors: Rickett Carolyn , Joseph Sue , Northcote Maria , Christian Beverley J , Seddon John 
Published: May 2021

If we could do this with every subject, open it up to a wider swathe of students having an input would be revolutionary in their learning. (UTS writing lecturer, Owning the Rubric project) The construction of assessment rubrics is often educator-centric as lecturers work in isolation to compose grading tools. While there is a pedagogical goal to construct instruments that align with learning outcomes and guide the assessment of students’ learning, students are often at the periphery of this process. In many higher education institutions, students are accustomed to receiving assessment feedback but they are not, typically, active participants in the feedback cycle. Increasingly, institutions are seeking evidence of greater student engagement in their tertiary learning experience. Accordingly, academics seek to innovate practice and enhance curricula by creating more opportunities for student involvement, thus creating a shared understanding of it and associated assessment tasks. Responding to a gap in rubric construction practice, this paper discusses an Office for Learning and Teaching Innovation and Development Grant research project where students moved from being rubric users to being central participants in collaborative design. Drawing on data collected from a team of rubric co-constructors from one Sydney university campus – first year students and an academic in a creative non-fiction writing subject – we set out to answer the following question: What effect does the co-construction and use of rubrics have on students’ perceptions of their learning?