bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of statin use prior to intensive care unit admission on critically ill patients with sepsis
Authors: Chinaeke Eric E. , Love Bryan L. , Magagnoli Joe , Yunusa Ismaeel , Reeder Gene 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of pre‐intensive care unit admission (pre‐ICU) statin use on all‐cause in‐hospital mortality and ICU length of stay (LOS).DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingAdult ICUs at tertiary hospitals.PatientsAdult critically ill patients diagnosed with sepsis admitted to the ICUs.InterventionThe exposure was pre‐ICU statin prescription (statin users); unexposed represented absence of pre‐ICU prescription (non‐users).Measurement and Main ResultsWe used the 2001–2012 Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care‐III (MIMIC‐III) database to determine average treatment effect (ATE) of pre‐ICU statin use on 30‐day ICU mortality, ICU LOS, and 30‐day in‐hospital mortality using the Augmented Inverse Propensity Weighted technique (AIPW), after adjusting for confounding factors (age, race, health insurance, corticosteroids use, vital signs, laboratory tests, and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (SOFA). We measured 30‐day ICU mortality as deaths within 30 days of admission to the ICU, and ICU LOS was measured in fractional days. A 30‐day in‐hospital mortality was measured as death within 30 days of hospital admission. A total of 8200 patients with sepsis were identified; 19.8% (1623) were statin users, and 80.2% (6577) were non‐users. Most were Caucasian, aged 80 years and above, and male. After adjusting for confounding factors, pre‐ICU statin use decreased 30‐day ICU mortality (ATE, −0.026; 95% confidence interval [CI], −0.048 to −0.009); ICU LOS (ATE, −0.369; 95% Cl, −0.849 to −0.096); and 30‐day in‐hospital mortality (ATE, −0.039; 95% CI, −0.084 to −0.026) on average compared with non‐statin use, respectively. In a stratified analysis, the result for ICU LOS (ATE, −0.526; 95% CI, −0.879 to −0.241) and 30‐day in‐hospital mortality (ATE, −0.023; 95% CI, −0.048 to −0.002) was consistent among patients admitted to the medical ICU.ConclusionsAmong patients with sepsis admitted to the medical ICU, pre‐ICU statin use is causally associated with a decrease in 30‐day ICU mortality, ICU LOS, and 30‐day in‐hospital mortality compared to non‐use. This study adds to the totality of evidence on the pleiotropic effect of statin use in patients with sepsis.
Anxiety symptomatology and academic performance in adolescents: The role of parental emotional expressivity during conflict interactions
Authors: Zuzama Pons Neus , Roman‐Juan Josep , Fiol‐Veny Aina , Caimari‐Ferragut Margalida , Balle Maria 
Published: January 2021

AbstractResearch has shown that anxiety in adolescents has a negative impact on a wide range of psychosocial variables, including academic performance. This study explored the role of parental emotional expressivity during conflict interactions with their children as a potential moderator of the relationship between anxiety symptomatology and academic performance in adolescents. The sample consisted of 54 adolescents and both of their parents, who were videotaped while discussing a conflict. The adolescents’ anxious symptomatology was evaluated through a self‐report questionnaire, while their academic performance was operationalized by using their grade point average. The total duration of the parents’ emotional expressivity (both positive and negative affect) was obtained after being encoded. The results indicated that both the positive and negative affect of mothers served to moderate the relationship between the adolescents’ anxiety symptomatology and academic performance. However, such association was only moderated when the mothers presented moderate/high levels of negative affect or low/moderate levels of positive affect. Paternal emotional expressivity, on the other hand, was found not to be associated with their children's academic performance. These results point to the importance of developing parental intervention guidelines that help to raise awareness of the impact of emotional expression when interacting with their children.
Towards developing areawide semiochemical‐mediated, behaviorally‐based integrated pest management programs for stored product insects
Authors: Morrison William R , Scully Erin D , Campbell James F 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWith less emphasis on fumigation after harvest, due to the phase‐out of methyl bromide and increasing phosphine resistance, diversified postharvest integrated pest management (IPM) programs are needed. Here, we synthesize knowledge on semiochemical‐mediated, behaviorally‐based tactics, wherein semiochemicals are deployed to manipulate pest behavior to protect commodities. We note that beyond monitoring, commercial use is limited to mating disruption targeting mostly moths. In total, behaviorally‐based tactics have been attempted for eight species of stored product insects from two orders and six families. Eighteen challenges were identified that may have prevented robust implementation of semiochemicals for behaviorally‐based management in stored products, including direct competition with ubiquitous food cues, and the diverse insect assemblages that colonize food facilities. Further, we discuss the scientific data and methods required to support stakeholder acceptance of semiochemicals at food facilities, including demonstrating that pests are not attracted from the landscape and minimal spillover around pheromones. We sketch a robust areawide behaviorally‐based IPM program after harvest, and clarify properties for improving semiochemicals, including incorporating those that are broad spectrum, competitive with food cues, potent at low concentration, and exhibit dose‐dependent attraction. The research gaps and testable hypotheses described here will speed developing behaviorally‐based tactics at food facilities. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
Event‐triggered integral sliding mode control for fractional order T‐S fuzzy systems via a fuzzy error function
Authors: Fan Xiaofei , Wang Zhanshan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis article considers the event‐triggered integral sliding mode control problem for fractional order T‐S fuzzy systems. A fuzzy error function and a mixed triggering threshold are proposed to design the event‐triggering mechanism, in which the fuzzy error function is used to design the triggering function. The mixed triggering threshold is composed of the time‐varying threshold with power function and the fixed one. Based on the proposed fuzzy error function, the boundedness of sliding variable errors can be guaranteed by using the time‐varying threshold with power function. Meanwhile, the fixed threshold is used to adjust the value of mixed triggering threshold near the initial time. Furthermore, a sufficient condition on the asymptotical stability for sliding motion is established and a positive internal execution time can be ensured. At last, two simulation examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of obtained theoretical results.
Premigratory neural crest stem cells generate enteric neurons populating the mouse colon and regulating peristalsis in tissue-engineered intestine
Authors: Yuan Huipu , Hu Hui , Chen Rui , Mu Wenbo , Wang Liangliang , Li Ying , Chen Yuelei , Ding Xiaoyan , Xi Yongmei , Mao ShanShan , Jiang Mizu , Chen Jie , He Yong , Wang Lang , Dong Yi , Tou Jinfa , Chen Wei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) is a common congenital defect. It occurs when bowel colonization by neural crest-derived enteric nervous system (ENS) precursors is incomplete during the first trimester of pregnancy. Several sources of candidate cells have been previously studied for their capacity to regenerate the ENS, including enteric neural crest stem cells (En-NCSCs) derived from native intestine or those simulated from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). However, it is not yet known whether the native NCSCs other than En-NCSCs would have the potential of regenerating functional enteric neurons and producing neuron dependent motility under the intestinal environment. The present study was designed to determine whether premigratory NCSCs (pNCSCs), as a type of the nonenteric NCSCs, could form enteric neurons and mediate the motility. pNCSCs were firstly transplanted into the colon of adult mice, and were found to survive, migrate, differentiate into enteric neurons, and successfully integrate into the adult mouse colon. When the mixture of pNCSCs and human intestinal organoids was implanted into the subrenal capsule of nude mice and grown into the mature tissue-engineered intestine (TEI), the pNCSCs-derived neurons mediated neuron-dependent peristalsis of TEI. These results show that the pNCSCs that were previously assumed to not be induced by intestinal environment or cues can innervate the intestine and establish neuron-dependent motility. Future cell candidates for ENS regeneration may include nonenteric NCSCs.
High genetic and morphological diversification of the Euphorbia verrucosa alliance (Euphorbiaceae) in the Balkan and Iberian peninsulas
Authors: Caković Danka , Cresti Leonardo , Stešević Danijela , Schönswetter Peter , Frajman Božo 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe explored the diversification of the southern European Euphorbia verrucosa alliance applying molecular (amplified fragment length polymorphism fingerprinting [AFLP], sequencing of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer), karyological (relative genome size estimations, chromosome counts) and morphometric methods. The AFLP data inferred four main phylogenetic lineages corresponding to western‐southern Balkan E. montenegrina, central Balkan E. serpentini, northern Balkan‐central European‐north Italian E. verrucosa and Iberian‐southern French E. flavicoma. Genetic diversification is strongest within the Iberian and the Balkan peninsulas, suggesting Pleistocene persistence of the species in different micro‐refugia. In contrast, weak genetic structure in E. verrucosa suggests Holocene (after last glacial maximum) expansion to central and western Europe, likely from a northern Balkan refugium. Karyological data provide evidence for tetraploidisation events in E. flavicoma and E. montenegrina, but not in E. verrucosa and E. serpentini. By integrating phylogenetic data with multivariate morphometric analyses, we propose a new taxonomic treatment for this group, mainly by recognising the Balkan endemics E. montenegrina and E. serpentini as independent species and by redefining the distributions of E. flavicoma and E. verrucosa. Our study underlines the importance of the Balkan and Iberian peninsulas as major Pleistocene refugia.
Advancing family dementia caregiver interventions in low‐ and middle‐income countries: A pilot cluster randomized controlled trial of Resources for Advancing Alzheimer's Caregiver Health in Vietnam (REACH VN)
Authors: Hinton Ladson , Nguyen Huong , Nguyen Hung Trong , Harvey Danielle J , Nichols Linda , Martindale‐Adams Jennifer , Nguyen Binh Thanh , Nguyen Binh Thi Thanh , Nguyen Anh Ngoc , Nguyen Chinh Hong , Nguyen Thu Thi Hoai , Nguyen Thuy Le , Nguyen Anh Thi Phuong , Nguyen Ngoc Bich , Tiet Quyen Q. , Nguyen Tuan Anh , Nguyen Phong Quy , Nguyen Trung Anh , Pham Thang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntroductionLow‐ and middle‐income countries have rapidly increasing numbers of people with dementia, yet little evidence on family caregiving interventions. We tested the preliminary efficacy and feasibility of a family caregiving intervention in northern Vietnam.MethodsNine clusters comprising 60 family caregivers were randomized to a culturally adapted version of a four‐ to six‐session, multicomponent intervention delivered in‐home over 2 to 3 months, or enhanced control. Eligible caregivers were ≥18 years of age and scored ≥6 on the Zarit Burden Inventory (ZBI).ResultsFifty‐one caregivers (85%) completed the study. Using analysis of covariance with 3‐month assessment as the outcome and baseline assessment as a covariate, intervention group caregivers had an average ZBI (primary outcome) score 1.2 standard deviation (SD) lower (P = .02) and Patient Health Questionnaire‐4 (psychological distress) score 0.7 SD lower (P = .03) than controls.DiscussionIn the first study of its kind in Vietnam, a culturally adapted, manualized, family caregiver intervention was both efficacious and feasible.
Crystal Structure of Fe1‐xTe (x=0.38)
Authors: Prots Yurii , Akselrud Lev , Schmidt Marcus , Burkhardt Ulrich , Rößler Sahana , Grin Yuri , Schwarz Ulrich 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe phase Fe1‐xTe (x=0.38) was obtained by short‐distance chemical transport. The compound adopts a NiAs‐like crystal structure, which exhibits intricate defect ordering. The substructure is described in a small unit cell (space group P
m1, a=3.7892(1) Å, c=5.6896(2) Å, Z=2) with iron deficiency in every second layer along [001]. Single crystal diffraction data evidence a 2a×2a×2c unit cell. This atomic arrangement is described by means of a 3D superstructure and by a 3+1D model using a modulated 2a×2a×c supercell, respectively.
Forschungsstand
Authors: Engel Ole 
Published: January 2021

ZusammenfassungHinsichtlich des Forschungstandes ist zunächst festzuhalten, dass die Definition des Migrationshintergrundes nach dem Mikrozensus, die dieser Arbeit zugrunde liegt, in der Hochschulstatistik nicht erfasst wird und bisher – mit Ausnahme einer Sekundäranalyse – noch nicht im Rahmen von Hochschullehrerbefragungen verwendet wurde. Dementsprechend kann der Anteil von Professoren mit Migrationshintergrund in Deutschland, der nach gegenwärtigem Stand etwa 12 % betragen soll (vgl. ausführlich Abschnitt 5.1), bisher nur näherungsweise über Schätzungen ermittelt werden. Im Rahmen aktueller Forschungsarbeiten finden bisher nur einzelne Indikatoren wie die Staatsangehörigkeit, das Geburtsland sowie das Geburtsland der Eltern Berücksichtigung.
Anomalies in gravitational charge algebras of null boundaries and black hole entropy
Authors: Chandrasekaran Venkatesa , Speranza Antony J. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We revisit the covariant phase space formalism applied to gravitational theories with null boundaries, utilizing the most general boundary conditions consistent with a fixed null normal. To fix the ambiguity inherent in the Wald-Zoupas definition of quasilocal charges, we propose a new principle, based on holographic reasoning, that the flux be of Dirichlet form. This also produces an expression for the analog of the Brown-York stress tensor on the null surface. Defining the algebra of charges using the Barnich-Troessaert bracket for open subsystems, we give a general formula for the central — or more generally, abelian — extensions that appear in terms of the anomalous transformation of the boundary term in the gravitational action. This anomaly arises from having fixed a frame for the null normal, and we draw parallels between it and the holographic Weyl anomaly that occurs in AdS/CFT. As an application of this formalism, we analyze the near-horizon Virasoro symmetry considered by Haco, Hawking, Perry, and Strominger, and perform a systematic derivation of the fluxes and central charges. Applying the Cardy formula to the result yields an entropy that is twice the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of the horizon. Motivated by the extended Hilbert space construction, we interpret this in terms of a pair of entangled CFTs associated with edge modes on either side of the bifurcation surface.
Two dimensional nearly de Sitter gravity
Authors: Maldacena Juan , Turiaci Gustavo J. , Yang Zhenbin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We study some aspects of the de Sitter version of Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity. Though we do not have propagating gravitons, we have a boundary mode when we compute observables with a fixed dilaton and metric at the boundary. We compute the no-boundary wavefunctions and probability measures to all orders in perturbation theory. We also discuss contributions from different topologies, borrowing recent results by Saad, Shenker and Stanford. We discuss how the boundary mode leads to gravitational corrections to cosmological observables when we add matter. Finally, starting from a four dimensional gravity theory with a positive cosmological constant, we consider a nearly extremal black hole and argue that some observables are dominated by the two dimensional nearly de Sitter gravity dynamics.
Total cross sections of eγ → $$ eX\overline{X} $$ processes with X = μ, γ, e via multiloop methods
Authors: Lee Roman N. , Lyubyakin Alexey A. , Stotsky Vyacheslav A. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Using modern multiloop calculation methods, we derive the analytical expressions for the total cross sections of the processes e−γ →$$ {e}^{-}X\overline{X} $$

e
−

X

X
¯

with X = μ, γ or e at arbitrary energies. For the first two processes our results are expressed via classical polylogarithms. The cross section of e−γ → e−e−e+ is represented as a one-fold integral of complete elliptic integral K and logarithms. Using our results, we calculate the threshold and high-energy asymptotics and compare them with available results.
Lifting of Quaternionic Frames to Higher Dimensions with Partial Ridges
Authors: Heinrich Florian , Forster Brigitte 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe consider the technique of lifting frames to higher dimensions with the ridge idea that originally was introduced by Grafakos and Sansing. We pursue a novel approach with regard to a non-commutative setting, concretely the skew-field of quaternions. Moreover, we allow for splitting dimensions and for lifting with regard to multi-ridges. To this end, we introduce quaternionic Sobolev spaces and prove the corresponding embedding theorems. We mention as concrete examples quaternionic wavelet frames and quaternionic shearlet frames, and give the respective lifted families.
Exploitation of force displacement curves in blanking—feature engineering beyond defect detection
Authors: Kubik Christian , Hohmann Johannes , Groche Peter 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWith the current tendency of mass production towards customer-oriented serial production, blanking processes are facing new challenges. They require an increase in knowledge about faulty process conditions and their influence on the quality of a component as well as an instruction for a target-oriented adaptation of the process. The aim of this study is therefore to identify property deviations based on force-displacement curves and to establish correlations between the quality of the component and features of force-displacement curves. For this purpose, parameter variations are carried out on a high-speed press and features are extracted from these measured time series. Afterwards, the correlation between varying process parameters and features is carried out to obtain a conclusion about the condition of the component. The results of these studies for a regression analysis form the basis for a decision support system to identify deviations of the component as well as faulty process conditions. The paper shows that a reliable correlation between the quality of the component and force-displacement curves is possibly based on the feature engineering approach even under industrial boundary conditions. This also applies to the simultaneous modification and variations within a limited range of several process parameters.
Effects of angiotensin II receptor blockers on serum levels of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids and dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids in patients admitted to a cardiovascular center
Authors: Kato Yuka , Senda Asuna , Mukai Yuji , Yamashita Miki , Sasaoka Yuki , Hanada Minayo , Hongo Fuminori , Hirokami Mitsugu , Rane Anders , Inotsume Nobuo , Toda Takaki 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Several clinical studies have demonstrated that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, but not angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), reduce the risk of non-fatal myocardial infarction and cardiovascular mortality. We found that ARBs inhibited the activity of various cytochrome enzymes in arachidonic acid metabolism, resulting in decreased in vitro production of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), which exhibit vasodilation and anti-inflammatory effects, and their subsequent metabolites, dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs). The present study examined the effects of ARBs on serum levels of EETs and DHETs in patients admitted to a cardiovascular center.

Methods
A total of 223 patients were enrolled, of which 107 were exposed to ARBs in this study. ARB-free individuals were defined as the control group (n = 116). Serum levels of EETs and DHETs were measured by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Multiple linear regression analyses were carried out to identify covariates for total serum levels of EETs and DHETs.

Results
A significant negative association was observed between ARB use and serum EET and DHET levels (p = 0.034), whereas a significant positive association was observed between the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and serum EET and DHET levels (p = 0.007). The median serum total EET and DHET level in the ARB group tended to become lower than that in the control group, although the difference was not significant.

Conclusion
ARB use and eGFR were significantly associated with total serum levels of EETs and DHETs. Our results suggest that ARBs could affect the concentration of EETs in vivo.
The safety of outpatient total shoulder arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ahmed Abdulaziz F. , Hantouly Ashraf , Toubasi Ammar , Alzobi Osama , Mahmoud Shady , Qaimkhani Saeed , Ahmed Ghalib O. , Al Dosari Mohammed Al Ateeq 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To meet the increasing demands of total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) while reducing its financial burden, there has been a shift toward outpatient surgery. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the safety of outpatient TSA.

Methods
The primary objective was to compare re-admission rates and postoperative complications in outpatient versus inpatient TSA. The secondary objectives were functional outcomes and costs. PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science were searched until March 28, 2020. The inclusion criteria were studies reporting at least complications or readmission rates within a period of 30 days or more.

Results
Ten level III retrospective studies were included with 7637 (3.8%) and 192,025 (96.2%) patients underwent outpatient and inpatient TSA, respectively. Outpatient TSA had relatively younger and healthier patients. There were no differences between outpatient and inpatient arthroplasty for 30- and 90-day readmissions. Furthermore, unadjusted comparisons demonstrated significantly less total and major surgical complications, less total, major, and minor medical complications in favour of outpatient TSA. However, subgroup analyses demonstrated that there were no significant differences in all complication if the studies had matched controls and regardless of data source (database or nondatabase studies). The revision rates were similar between both groups at a 12–24 months follow-up. Two studies reported a significant reduction in costs in favour of outpatient TSA.

Conclusion
This study highlights that outpatient TSA could be a safe and effective alternative to inpatient TSA in appropriately selected patients. It was evident that outpatient TSA does not lead to increased readmissions, complications, or revision rates. A potential additional benefit of outpatient TSA was cost reduction.