bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spectroscopic photoacoustic imaging of cervical tissue composition in excised human samples
Authors: Yan Yan , Basij Maryam , Garg Alpana , Varrey Aneesha , Alhousseini Ali , Hsu Richard , Hernandez-Andrade Edgar , Romero Roberto , Hassan Sonia S. , Mehrmohammadi Mohammad 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveCervical remodeling is an important component in determining the pathway of parturition; therefore, assessing changes in cervical tissue composition may provide information about the cervix’s status beyond the measurement of cervical length. Photoacoustic imaging is a non-invasive ultrasound-based technology that captures acoustic signals emitted by tissue components in response to laser pulses. This optical information allows for the determination of the collagen-to-water ratio (CWR). The purpose of this study was to compare the CWR evaluated by using spectroscopic photoacoustic (sPA) imaging in cervical samples obtained from pregnant and non-pregnant women.MethodsThis cross-sectional study comprised cervical biopsies obtained at the time of hysterectomy (n = 8) and at the scheduled cesarean delivery in pregnant women at term who were not in labor (n = 8). The cervical CWR was analyzed using a fiber-optic light-delivery system integrated to an ultrasound probe. The photoacoustic signals were acquired within the range of wavelengths that cover the peak absorption of collagen and water. Differences in the CWR between cervical samples from pregnant and non-pregnant women were analyzed. Hematoxylin and eosin and Sirius Red stains were used to compare the collagen content of cervical samples in these two groups.ResultsEight cervix samples were obtained after hysterectomy, four from women ≤41 years of age and four from women ≥43 years of age; all cervical samples (n = 8) from pregnant women were obtained after 37 weeks of gestation at the time of cesarean section. The average CWR in cervical tissue samples from pregnant women was 18.7% (SD 7.5%), while in samples from non-pregnant women, it was 55.0% (SD 20.3%). There was a significantly higher CWR in the non-pregnant group compared to the pregnant group with a p-value <0.001. A subgroup analysis that compared the CWR in cervical samples from pregnant women and non-pregnant women ≤41 years of age (mean 46.3%, SD 23.1%) also showed a significantly higher CWR (p <0.01). Lower collagen content in the pregnancy group was confirmed by histological analysis, which revealed the loss of tissue composition, increased water content, and collagen degradation.ConclusionThe proposed bimodal ultrasound and sPA imaging system can provide information on the biochemical composition of cervical tissue in pregnant and non-pregnant women. Photoacoustic imaging showed a higher collagen content in cervical samples from non-pregnant women as compared to those from pregnant women, which matched with the histological analysis. This novel imaging method envisions a new potential for a sensitive diagnostic tool in the evaluation of cervical tissue composition.
Analysis of adherence to treatment of patients with osteoporosis in the Omsk region (based on materials from the regional Center for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis
Authors: Vilms Elena A. , Dobrovolskaya Evgeniya V. , Turchaninova Maria S. , Bykova Elena A. 
Published: March 2021

Background.Non-adherence to treatment, especially in chronic conditions, is a significant problem facing clinical medicine. Failure to adhere to treatment recommendations is often noted in the treatment of osteoporosis, which reduces the effectiveness of anti-osteoporotic drugs and a set of measures to prevent the occurrence of osteoporotic fractures.Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the adherence of patients of the Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis to treatment with anti-osteoporotic drugs of pathogenetic action.Materials and methods.This continuous observational study analyzed the adherence to long-term anti-osteoporotic therapy of patients observed at the Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis, the reasons for discontinuing treatment, doctors’ preferences in prescribing anti-osteoporotic therapy, reasons for changing the anti-osteoporotic drug. The study period is from July to December 2019.Results.During the analyzed period, 625 patients turned to the Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis. The preferences of doctors when prescribing anti-osteoporotic therapy have changed: the proportion of prescriptions for zoledronic acid and denosumab increased, mainly due to a reduction in the prescriptions of strontium ranelate, as well as risendronic acid, teriparatide, and calcitonin was no longer prescribed. Among 370 patients who received a therapeutic appointment (with an already known outcome of a therapeutic appointment), 40.0 ± 2.5% were non-compliant. Including: 9.7 ± 1.5% did not start taking the drug, interrupted the course ahead of schedule — 28.7 ± 2.4%. The termination of the course of therapy in 57.7% of cases was unauthorized, in another 42.3% it was associated with side effects. Patients started and continued further therapy with the initially prescribed drug in 53.8% of cases. As expected, the best adherence rates were found for drugs with parenteral administration once a year (zoledronic acid).Conclusions.Comparative analysis of the prescriptions of the main drugs of the pathogenetic action of patients of the center for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis showed low compliance.
High-doses of cholecalciferol for vitamin D deficiency treatment: results of an open-label, multicenter, comparative, randomized trial
Authors: Rozhinskaya Liudmila Y. , Pigarova Ekaterina A. , Bagretsova Anastasia A. , Verbovoy Andrey F. , Kondratyeva Natalia G. , Vasilevskaya Olga A. , Vasilyuk Vasily B. , Manko Maria V. , Shunkov Victor B. , Grebennikova Tatiana A. 
Published: March 2021

Background: Vitamin D deficiency have serious medical, social and economic consequences for human health and require timely diagnosis and adequate correction.Aim: Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of therapy with Fortedetrim soft capsules (MEDANA PHARMA AO, Poland) using saturating and maintenance doses compared to therapy with Vigantol®, an oily solution for oral administration (Merck KGaA, Germany) in patients with vitamin D deficiency.Materials and methods: The study included 150 patients with vitamin D deficiency (less than 20 ng/ml) aged 18 to 75 years, who were randomized into 3 groups in a 1:1:1 ratio (50 people each). Fortedetrim capsules were used in two groups during the first four weeks 50,000 IU once a week (5 capsules 10,000 IU each) and 56,000 IU — 8,000 IU daily (2 capsules 4000 IU), and Vigantol® was used in the comparison group 1000 IU daily (2 drops). Over the next 12 weeks, patients received supportive therapy — in the first group, Fortedetrim 10,000 IU was used once a week, in the second — Fortedetrim 2,000 IU daily (14,000 IU per week); the comparison group continued to take Vigantol® 1000 IU daily.Results: As a result of evaluating the data on the results of stages I and II of the clinical study Fortedetrim in comparison with Vigantol®, the hypothesis was proved that the high-dose drug Fortedetrim (capsules of 2000, 4000 and 10000 IU) is superior to the drug Vigantol® (drops, 1000 IU daily). Nevertheless, it should be noted that long-term intake of colecalciferol at a dose of 1000 IU daily by 20 weeks allowed 36% of participants to reach a level of 30 ng/ml, but this is significantly less than in groups using high-dose drugs. There were no differences in the number of adverse events during the study, their degree and the relationship with drug intake between the treatment and comparison groups.Conclusion: The use of the drug Fortedetrim in saturating doses is effective and safe for the treatment of adult patients with vitamin D deficiency. However, an individual approach to its replenishment is required (taking into account compliance, the degree of obesity, impaired absorption of calcium and vitamin D), since not all patients in the applied saturation regimes, the target values of vitamin D in the blood were reached.
Survival and pleurodesis outcome in patients with malignant pleural effusion – a systematic review
Authors: Hassan Maged , Harriss Elinor , Mercer Rachel M. , Rahman Najib M. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is a common condition that presents with progressive breathlessness. Long term solutions are often required due to recurrence of effusion after simple drainage. Pleurodesis is one of the main options resorted to for long term control of MPE. There is data to suggest there may be a survival benefit for patients with MPE who achieve successful pleurodesis. A systematic review was carried out to explore this correlation and results suggest that there could be a survival difference according to pleurodesis outcome in patients with MPE. Fifteen studies (reported in 13 papers) were included; 13 (86.6%) of the studies showed survival difference in favour of pleurodesis success. The median [interquartile range] difference in survival between the two groups among the different studies was five [3.5–5.8] months. Most of the included studies suffered moderate to severe risk of bias and, thus, large prospective studies of patients undergoing pleurodesis are required to ascertain this effect.
Mining historical texts for diachronic spelling variants
Authors: Graliński Filip , Jassem Krzysztof 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe paper describes a method for finding diachronic spelling variants in a corpus that consists of historical and modern Polish texts. The procedure applies the Levenshtein distance and the similarity measure determined with a Word2vec model. The method was applied for both words and sub-word units. A sample of spelling variants was manually evaluated and compared against an existing morphological analyser for Polish historical texts. The resulting lists of spelling variants and spelling modernisation rules were used in a text modernisation tool and their contribution was evaluated.The paper also presents an analogous method for finding spelling variants that result from erroneous OCR. The obtained lists of OCR variants and rules may serve for the correction of OCR output.
Microsphere-assisted interference microscopy for resolution enhancement
Authors: Hüser Lucie , Lehmann Peter 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In order to push the limitations of optical measurement technology further and to measure finer structures, various systems have been published in current research. It has been shown that microspheres applied in the near-field can improve the resolution of an interferometric measuring system and make structures below Abbe’s resolution limit visible. In this study, measurement results obtained with a high-resolution Linnik interferometer show structures with lateral dimensions below the resolution limit. Furthermore, the analysis of the transfer behavior in the spatial frequency domain provides information about the mechanisms in nearfield-assisted interference microscopy by microspheres.
Discovery of novel obovatol-based phenazine analogs as potential antifungal agents: synthesis and biological evaluation in vitro
Authors: Yang Chun , Song Lili , Miao Zhong , Jiang Lingyun , Li Ting , Zhi Xiaoyan , Hao Xiaojuan , Cao Hui 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
To explore candidate fungicides from plant secondary metabolites, 16 novel obovatol-type phenazine derivatives were semi-synthesized from obovatol isolated from the leaves of Magnolia obovata Thunb. The antifungal activity of synthesized compounds was investigated in vitro against four phytopathogenic fungi using the spore germination method. The bioassay results showed that eight derivatives (8b, 8g, 8h–k, 8i′, and 8k′) exhibited better antifungal activity against Fusarium solani than two positive controls, especially compounds 8b (IC50 = 64.61 μg mL−1) and 8i′ (IC50 = 79.97 μg mL−1) showed pronounced inhibition of spore germination activity against F. solani. They could be used as lead compounds for further structural optimization. Additionally, the preliminary structure-activity relationships (SARs) illustrated that the introduction of a benzene ring monosubstituted with electron-withdrawing groups into the obovatol scaffold could lead to potentially antifungal compounds.
Keratinizing Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Palate in Clinically Negative Neck: Case Report and Review
Authors: Paka Lubamba Grace , Xu Peng Kun , Guan Jian , Wang Xin Yu , Ning Shang Bo , Dai Xin Peng , Song Zhen Yu , Du Jian Yu , Ren Bao Rui 
Published: March 2021

Background: The Squamous cell carcinoma of the palate is rare; women are more affected than men. This study aimed to discuss the etiology, diagnostic modalities, prognosis factors, and treatment strategies.
Case: A 49-year-old woman was admitted to our department in 2019 with a chief complaint of a hard and painful mass on the right palate. The Clinical assessment revealed a palatal tumor extended to 3/4 of hard palate and part of the soft palate, with hard consistency, no mobility, cauliflower-like surface partly covered by a white pseudo-membrane, dark red-colored, and clinically negative neck. 3D CT scan of palate and maxilla revealed malignant lesion features, Cervical MRI and Chest CT revealed enlarged lymph nodes. The histopathological assessment diagnosed keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma of the right palate. Resection of the tumor and Reconstructive surgery were performed. The postoperative outcomes were simple.
Conclusion: Hepatitis B virus, local chronic inflammation were the risk factors incriminated in this case. The prognosis factors such as patient age, tumor size, lymph node involvement, bone invasion, and pathological grade influence the treatment and survival. Selective neck dissection, Ablative surgery, and Reconstruction with Submental island flap represented our management strategy for keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma of the palate.
Enabling Technologies Help Drilling an Extreme ERD Well on Brage Field, North Sea
Authors: Hussain Sajjad , Dahroug Mohamed Saher , Mikalsen Belinda , Christensen Karianne Holen , Nketah Daniel Ndubuisi , Monterrosa Leida , Van Aerssen Mark , Angell-Olsen Frode , Midttun Mons , Rouxinol Ricardo , Henriksen Norolf , Fjeldsbø David , Ritchie Graham Martin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Drilling a nine km (Kilometers) extreme ERD (Extended Reach Drilling) well by a rig which was initially designed for six km and on a platform that did not provide any empty well slot posed a challenge to the Brage asset team. The well (A-36 A/B) was planned with an ambitious slot recovery operation removing all casing strings to surface to allow for a 24-inch sidetrack. Due to unexpected challenges during the slot recovery only a 19-m window between the 28-in conductor shoe (at 315-m MD) and the old 13 3/8-in casing stump was available. A very successful kick-off using a mud motor and Gyro-While-Drilling bottomhole assembly (BHA) was performed. An RSS (Rotary Steerable System) BHA was used to drill the rest of the section Both "push the bit" and "point the bit" RSS technologies were the key enablers in drilling long sections and helping to deploy casing strings.
The well was successfully geosteered through two reservoirs, including a new reservoir landing strategy, adding valuable extra reservoir meters. The reservoir Mapping-While-Drilling and Magnetic Resonance-While-Drilling service helped to navigate in challenging reservoirs maximizing reservoir exposure.
Advanced polyglycol Water-Based Mud system was utilized in 24-in section followed by advanced Oil-Based Mud (OBM), and Low Solids OBM systems enabled drilling this extreme ERD well. An upgraded Cuttings collection and transportation system meeting ERD requirements and offshore slop water treatment system also played key role in drilling optimization.
Real-time monitoring of critical well construction operations was performed using specialized technologies.
Optimized Viscous Reactive Pill (VRP) was successfully used for the first time in North Sea to provide cement plug base at deeper depths (7200-m MD) resulting in a successful kick-off using "point the bit" RSS systems.
An ERD specialist subsidiary of the service company was involved in ERD design verification and training of offshore personnel.
Outstanding equipment reliability of surface equipment and downhole tools enabled shoe-to shoe drilling of these sections.
The OneTeam culture combined with the main service provider integrated solutions, and an open-minded and brave approach led to drilling longest well in this brownfield ever. It was completed 32-days ahead of plan with all objectives met. The deep lower screen completion was successfully deployed, and the well is producing as expected.
This 9,023-m MD well is the longest Offshore well drilled by the Operator and 2nd longest drilled by the Operator ever.
Fabrication of Silver Nanoparticle coated Silica Beads
Authors: Dai Xin , Fu Wenhao , Chi Huanyu , Mesias Vince St. Dollente , Zhu Hongni , Leung Cheuk Wai , Liu Wei , Huang Jinqing 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This is a protocol to fabricate silver nanoparticle coated silica beads for optical trapping and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) measurement.
Regular swimming exercise improves metabolic syndrome risk factors: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Omar Jamal Shaker , Jaradat Nidal , Qadoumi Mohammad , Qadoumi Abdel Naser 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: In the past few decades, swimming became one of the most important physical activities within the health system and is considered a practical nonpharmacological approach to managing of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), hyperlipidemia, hypertension (HTN), and obesity. The current study aimed to assess the effect of long-term swimming sessions on glycemic and lipidemic parameters, hemodynamic responses, body fat percent, and body mass index for patients with metabolic risk factors from Palestine. Methods: Forty participants from both genders with T2DM and HTN (aged 52.4±5.5 yrs) agreed to participate in this quasi-experimental study and were divided into two groups. The first group included the participants who performed long-term swimming sessions and the second group served as the control. The first group exercised for 2 h, 3 times/week in 29-33◦C swimming pool temperature for 16 weeks. Simultaneously, the control group did not participate in any exercise and advised them to keep on with their everyday lifestyle. All the obtained metabolic syndrome risk factors data were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA analysis of variance (2*2) which was applied to determine the differences according group, time, and interaction.Results: The results showed that there were statistically significant differences at p < 0.05 in the variables of Total Cholesterol (TC), High Density of Lipoprotein (HDL), Low Density of Lipoprotein (LDL), Triglycerides (TG), Blood Glucose (BG), Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), Body Mass Index (BMI), and body fat percent according to group, time, and interaction for the experimental group.Conclusions: The findings of the current study suggested that the regular 16 weeks of swimming sessions could be considered nonpharmacological approaches in managing T2DM and HTN.
Integrative omics analysis identifies subtypes with therapeutic implications in lung adenocarcinoma harboring KEAP1/NFE2L2
Authors: Yang Xiaodong , Li Ming , Chen Zhencong , Guo Liang , Jin Bo , Huang Yiwei , Wang Qun , Wu Liang , Zhan Cheng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Backgrounds: Lung adenocarcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors, in which KEAP1-NFE2L2 pathway is altered frequently. The biological features and intrinsic heterogeneities of KEAP1/NFE2L2-mutant lung adenocarcinoma remain unclear. Methods: Multiplatform data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were adopted to identify two subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma harboring KEAP1/NFE2L2 mutations. Bioinformatics analyses, regarding immune microenvironment, methylation level and mutational signature, were performed to characterize intrinsic heterogeneities. Meanwhile, initial results were also validated by using common lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, which revealed consistent features of KEAP1/NFE2L2-mutant subtypes. Furthermore, cell line samples were adopted for drug sensitivity screening based on public datasets. Results: Two mutant subtypes (P1 and P2) of patients were identified in TCGA. P2 patients had significantly heavier smoking levels and worse survival compared with P1 patients. The P2 subset was characterized by active immune microenvironment and more smoking-induced genomic alterations, including methylation and somatic mutations. Validations of the corresponding features in mutant cell lines were achieved to some degrees. Several compounds which were sensitive to mutant subtype of lung adenocarcinoma were identified, such as inhibitors of PI3K/Akt and IGF1R signaling pathways. Conclusions: KEAP1/NFE2L2 mutant lung adenocarcinoma showed potential heterogeneities. The intrinsic heterogeneities of KEAP1/NFE2L2 were associated with immune microenvironment and smoking-related genomic aberrations.
Insulin syringe for anaesthetic injection in ptosis surgery: A randomised controlled clinical study
Authors: Song Won Seok , Lee Min Joung , Choi Youn Joo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the potential benefit of using insulin syringes for local anaesthesia in ptosis surgery.Methods: Sixty patients (120 eyelids) were included in this randomised, fellow eye-controlled study at a university‐based hospital. An insulin syringe was used on one eyelid and a conventional 30-gauge needle on the other. Patients were asked to score pain in both eyelids using a visual analogue scale (VAS) ranging from 0 (no pain at all) to 10 (unbearable pain). Ten minutes after the injection, an observer scored the degree of haemorrhage and oedema in both eyelids on a scale of 0 to 4.Results: The VAS score was 5.17 in the insulin syringe group and 5.35 in the 30-gauge needle group (p=0.264). Ten minutes after the anaesthesia, the haemorrhage score was 1.30 and 1.64 and eyelid oedema score was 1.50 and 1.80 in the insulin syringe and 30-gauge needle groups, respectively (haemorrhage, p=0.045; eyelid oedema, p=0.023). Conclusion: Injecting local anaesthesia using an insulin syringe, compared to conventional 30-gauge needles, significantly reduces haemorrhage and eyelid oedema before skin incision but does not significantly reduce the injection pain. Using insulin syringes also presents fewer complications related to tissue penetration and lesser distortion of anatomical structures compared to conventional 30-gauge needles. We recommend using an insulin syringe for local anaesthesia in ptosis surgery.Trial registration: registry – CRIS / registration number – KCT0005120 / date of registration: 12/06/2020 (retrospectively registered), https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/index.jsp