bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
It’s not what you said, it’s how you said it: An analysis of therapist vocal features during psychotherapy
Authors: Soma Christina S. , Knox Dillon , Greer Timothy , Gunnerson Keith , Young Alexander , Narayanan Shrikanth 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPsychotherapy is a conversation, whereby, at its foundation, many interventions are derived from the therapist talking. Research suggests that the voice can convey a variety of emotional and social information, and individuals may change their voice based on the context and content of the conversation (e.g. talking to a baby or delivering difficult news to patients with cancer). As such, therapists may adjust aspects of their voice throughout a therapy session depending on if they are beginning a therapy session and checking in with a client, conducting more therapeutic ‘work’ or ending the session. In this study, we modelled three vocal features—pitch, energy and rate—with linear and quadratic multilevel models to understand how therapists’ vocal features change throughout a therapy session. We hypothesised that all three vocal features would be best fit with a quadratic function—starting high and more congruent with a conversational voice, decreasing during the middle portions of therapy where more therapeutic interventions were being administered, and increasing again at the end of the session. Results indicated a quadratic model for all three vocal features was superior in fitting the data, as compared to a linear model, suggesting that therapists begin and end therapy using a different style of voice than in the middle of a session.
Modulator‐Assisted Photosynthesis: Green and Powerful Approach towards Superstructured π−Conjugated Covalent Organic Frameworks with Enhanced Electrochemical Performances
Authors: Zhang Lu , Wang Tianping , Wang Weiwen , Wang Xiangnan , Zhang Zhen , Cheng Chong , Liu Xikui 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFully aromatic π‐conjugated covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have garnered great attention because of their potential applications in optoelectronics and energy storage; however, achieving crystallinity is far from trivial mainly because most covalent bond connection in these π‐conjugated COFs have been deemed as an irreversible synthetic dead end because of aromatic stabilization. Here we report a green photosynthesis approach towards crystalline superstructured π‐conjugated COFs, the introduction of aromatic‐ortho‐diamine (o‐diamine) as dynamic modulator provide a powerful strategy to enhance the multi‐scale structure control and resulted in π‐conjugated COF with high crystallinity, rarely observed staggered AB stacking and uniform superstructured crystals of hundreds of micrometers. The mechanism behind this modulator‐assisted photosynthesis approach is a polymerization‐induced‐crystallization process. The prepared π‐conjugated crystalline framework displays superior electrochemical performance with a specific capacitance of more than 600 F g−1at a scan rate of 10 mV s−1, and excellent metal‐free 2e oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalytic activity with peak potentials of 0.764 V with excellent cycling stability, these values are among the highest electrochemical performance reported for COF materials.
Do the evolutionary interactions between moths and bats promote niche partitioning between bats and birds?
Authors: Bullington Lorinda S. , Seidensticker Mathew T. , Schwab Nathan , Ramsey Philip W. , Stone Kate 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEcological theory suggests that the coexistence of species is promoted by the partitioning of available resources, as in dietary niche partitioning where predators partition prey. Yet, the mechanisms underlying dietary niche partitioning are not always clear. We used fecal DNA metabarcoding to investigate the diets of seven nocturnal insectivorous bird and bat species. Low diet overlap (2%–22%) supported resource partitioning among all species. Differences in diet corresponded with species identity, prey detection method, and foraging behavior of predators. Insects with ultrasonic hearing capabilities were consumed significantly more often by birds than bats, consistent with an evolved avoidance of echolocating strategies. In turn, bats consumed a greater proportion of noneared insects such as spruce budworms. Overall, our results suggest that evolutionary interactions among bats and moths translate to dietary niche partitioning and coexistence among bats and nocturnal birds.
Effects of enhanced productivity of resources shared by predators in a food‐web module: Comparing results of a field experiment to predictions of mathematical models of intra‐guild predation
Authors: Wise David H. , Farfan Monica A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe compared the response to resource enhancement of a simple empirical model of intra‐guild predation (IGP) to the predictions of published, simple mathematical models of asymmetric IGP (a generalist IG Predator that feeds both on a specialist IG Prey and a Resource that it shares with the IG Prey). The empirical model was a food‐web module created by pooling species abundances across many families in a speciose community of soil micro‐arthropods into three categories: IG Predator (large predatory mites), IG Prey (small predatory mites), and a shared Resource (fungivorous mites and springtails). By pooling abundances of species belonging to broadly defined functional groups, we tested the hypothesis that IGP is a dominant organizing principle in this community. Simple mathematical models of asymmetric IGP predict that increased input of nutrients and energy to the shared Resource will increase the equilibrium density of Resource and IG Predator, but will decrease that of IG Prey. In a field experiment, we observed how the three categories of the empirical model responded to two rates of addition of artificial detritus, which enhanced the food of fungivores, the Resource of the IGP module. By the experiment's end, fungivore densities had increased ~1.5× (ratio of pooled fungivore densities in the higher‐input treatment to plots with no addition of detritus), and densities of IG Predators had increased ~4×. Contrary to the prediction of mathematical models, IG Prey had not decreased, but instead had increased ~1.5×. We discuss possible reasons for the failure of the empirical model to agree with IGP theory. We then explore analogies between the behavior of the empirical model and another mathematical model of trophic interactions as one way to gain insights into the trophic connections in this community. We also propose one way forward for reporting comparisons of simple empirical and mathematical models.
Lewis Acid Catalyzed Ring‐Opening Reaction of Cyclobutanones towards Conjugated Enones
Authors: Zhang Min , Gao Jiqiang , Zhao Jinbo , Qiu Tingtian , Li Zhongjuan , Guo Ziteng , Liu Chunhui , Liu Yu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAn unprecedented Fe‐catalyzed ring‐opening reaction of simple cyclobutanones is developed, which provides access to conjugated enones with good functional group tolerance in high yields under mild conditions. The product derivatization and gram‐scale experiments further showcased the synthetic utility of the reaction.
Multivariate risk preferences in the quality‐adjusted life year model
Authors: Attema Arthur E. , Frasch Jona J. , L’Haridon Olivier 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe interest in multivariate and higher‐order risk preferences has increased. A growing body of literature has demonstrated the relevance and impact of these preferences, but for health the evidence is lacking. We measure multivariate and higher‐order risk preferences for quality of life (QoL) and longevity, the two attributes of the Quality‐Adjusted Life Year (QALY) model. We observe preferences for a positive correlation between these attributes and for pooling together a fixed loss in one of the attributes and a mean‐zero risk in the other, and for pooling together mean‐zero risks in QoL and longevity. The findings indicate that higher‐order risk preferences are stronger for health than for money. Furthermore, we test if preferences for a risky treatment for a disease affecting only QoL, depend on life expectancy. We find no such a relation, but there is a positive relation between riskiness of a comorbidity affecting life expectancy and risk aversion for a QoL treatment. We therefore observe no definitive deviation from the QALY model, although the model is more robust when expected longevity is high. Our findings suggest that the current practice of cost‐effectiveness analysis should be generalized to account for risk aversion in QoL and longevity, and higher‐order preferences.
Salvage therapy with “Dara‐KDT‐P(A)CE” in heavily pretreated, high‐risk, proliferative, relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: Zhou Xiang , Ruckdeschel Anna , Peter Jessica , Böckle David , Hornburger Hannah , Danhof Sophia , Steinhardt Maximilian Johannes , Heimeshoff Larissa , Einsele Hermann , Kortüm Klaus Martin , Rasche Leo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe multi‐agent therapy “VDT‐PACE” represents an established regimen in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). Here, we report on our experience with a “modified VDT‐PACE” incorporating new generation anti‐MM agents daratumumab and carfilzomib (“Dara‐KDT‐P(A)CE”). We retrospectively analyzed 38 patients with RRMM treated with “Dara‐KDT‐P(A)CE”. The median age was 62 (range 45–82) years, and the patients were heavily pretreated with a median of 5 (range 2–12) prior lines of therapy. Twenty‐one (55%) patients suffered from penta‐refractory MM. High‐risk cytogenetics was present in 31 (81%) patients. The patients received a median of 2 (range 1–10) cycles of this therapy, and the overall response rate (ORR) was 70%. Patients with penta‐refractory MM and high‐risk cytogenetics showed similar ORR of 65% and 79%, respectively. The median progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival were 4.1 (95% CI 2.7–5.4) and 8.4 (95% CI 6.7–10.0) months, respectively. Patients with lactate dehydrogenase >250 IU/L showed significantly shorter PFS in comparison with others patients (p = 0.006). We used this regimen as bridging therapy prior to chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell infusion in four patients. In conclusion, “Dara‐KDT‐P(A)CE” is an effective salvage therapy for patients with heavily pretreated, multi‐refractory, high‐risk RRMM lacking alternative options.
Controlled breeding in dairy cows. Part 2: selection and ethical implications
Authors: Lindley George , Willshire Jim , Martin Adam 
Published: November 2021

Background: Controlled breeding programmes describe timed artificial insemination (TAI) protocol choice and a strategy for their implementation, encompassing when they will be used and which cattle will be enrolled. A holistic approach to the reproductive management of every dairy herd, tailored to meet the requirements and expectations of the individual client, is essential if success of a controlled breeding programme is to be maximised.Aim of the article: This article, the second of a two‐part series, describes strategies for implementation of controlled breeding programmes on dairy farms. It considers factors aside from the TAI protocol that are essential for the success of any programme, as well as the ethical implications of hormone use in dairy cattle. The first part, published in last month's issue of In Practice, discussed common TAI protocols, how they manipulate ovarian activity and how to optimise protocol selection.
Ti atom doped single vacancy silicene for hydrogen energy storage: DFT study
Authors: Kalwar Basheer Ahmed , Fangzong Wang , Ahmed Irfan , Saeed Muhammad Hammad 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHydrogen adsorption on titanium (Ti) atom doped single vacancy silicene (SV‐SL) is investigated through first principles density functional theory (DFT) study. Strong hybridization of d‐orbitals of Ti atom to p‐orbitals of Si atoms results in a tight bond to the silicene sheet with energy of −6.48 eV and keeps away from metal clustering. Maximum 8 H2 molecules firmly bind to Ti atom doped SV‐SL sheet with an adsorption energy ranging from −0.481 to −0.201 eV per H2 molecule and hydrogen storage capacity (HSC) of 6.3 wt%. Double‐side H2 adsorptions on hollow sites of Ti atom doped SV‐SL sheet are verified by structural and electronic properties. The partial density of states (PDOS) analysis shows the kubas interaction mainly caused the molecular H2 adsorption. Further, the absence of spin‐up and spin‐down channels in electronic band structures of nH2 molecule adsorption to Ti atom doped SV‐SL systems indicates its nonmagnetic nature. Conclusively, this study reveals that the Ti atom doped SV‐SL can be a promising candidate for hydrogen storage applications.
Potential key factors involved in regulating adipocyte dedifferentiation
Authors: Liu Shiqi , Wang Liyi , Ling Defeng , Valencak Teresa G. , You Wenjing , Shan Tizhong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAdipocytes are the key constituents of adipose tissue, and their de‐differentiation process has been widely observed in physiological and pathological conditions. For obese people, the promotion of adipocyte de‐differentiation or maintenance of an undifferentiated state of adipocytes may help to improve their metabolic condition. Thus, understanding the regulatory mechanisms of adipocyte de‐differentiation is necessary for treating metabolic diseases. Attractively, in addition to intracellular signals regulating adipocyte de‐differentiation, external factors such as temperature and pressure also affect adipocyte de‐differentiation. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in the field and discuss the regulatory roles and mechanisms of involved endogenous and exogenous factors during the process of de‐differentiation.
Effect of nitrogen feast–famine cycles and semi‐continuous cultivation on the productivity of energy‐rich compounds by Scenedesmus obtusiusculus AT‐UAM
Authors: Gorry Pierre‐Louis , Ángeles Roxana , Revah Sergio , Morales‐Ibarría Marcia 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDNitrogen (N) limitation is the most common strategy used to accumulate energy‐rich compounds in microalgae. However, this condition reduces the microalga growth rate and biomass, lipid and carbohydrate productivities. In this work, a semi‐continuous operation strategy combined with N feast–famine cycles were investigated in order to increase the lipid, carbohydrate and biomass contents in the microalga Scenedesmus obtusiusculus AT‐UAM.RESULTSGrowth and lipid productivity were evaluated in a flat‐panel photobioreactor (FP‐PBR) under controlled conditions, through 72 and 24 h N feast–famine cycles at different N concentrations (6, 12 and 24 mg N L−1). The highest accumulation of microalgal biomass, lipid and carbohydrate (550 ± 28, 139 ± 4 and 198 ± 7 mg L−1 d−1) was obtained for 24 h cycles at 12 mg N L−1 and were up to ~2.4 times compared to that of 72 h N feast–famine cycles. This strategy was also applied in a bubble column photobioreactor (BC‐PBR) located in a greenhouse. Here, biomass productivities obtained under a semi‐continuous operation for 24 h N feast–famine cycles with 6 and 12 mg N L−1 were 536 ± 27 and 667 ± 33 mg L−1 d−1, respectively. The maximum productivity of lipid and carbohydrate reached 142 ± 10 and 169 ± 14 mg L−1 d−1 with 12 mg N L−1, respectively.CONCLUSIONThe studied N feast–famine cycles and semi‐continuous operations increased the productivity of biomass and lipids in S. obtusiusculus AT‐UAM. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Point‐of‐care ultrasound assessment with handheld ultrasound device attached to cell phone
Authors: Sauza‐Sosa Julio C. , Arratia‐Carlin Karen , Fernandez‐Tapia Jorge 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRecent advances in ultrasound technology have made modern handheld ultrasound devices and are contributing to make bedside ultrasound evaluation a practice available to all physicians. A 46‐year‐old woman with history of systemic erythematosus presented to our hospital with 14 days of COVID‐19. The patient suddenly presented greater respiratory distress, tachycardia, hypotension, and increased supplemental oxygen requirements; so she required mechanical ventilation. Point‐of‐care ultrasound assessment with handheld ultrasound device was observed on the apical view an apical thrombus in the right ventricle, McConnell's sign. The patient underwent systemic thrombolysis with alteplase showing improvement in mechanical ventilation parameters and is currently continuing treatment for COVID‐19 in the intensive care unit of our hospital. Emerging technologies such as handheld ultrasound devices can provide high‐quality care to the patients. Routine screening of patients with COVID‐19 using handheld ultrasound is feasible, may be able to define prognosis and treatment of cardiovascular complications.
Tissue fixation effects on human retinal lipid analysis by MALDI imaging and LC–MS/MS technologies
Authors: Kotnala Ankita , Anderson David M. G. , Patterson Nathan Heath , Cantrell Lee S. , Messinger Jeffrey D. , Curcio Christine A. , Schey Kevin L. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractImaging mass spectrometry (IMS) allows the location and abundance of lipids to be mapped across tissue sections of human retina. For reproducible and accurate information, sample preparation methods need to be optimized. Paraformaldehyde fixation of a delicate multilayer structure like human retina facilitates the preservation of tissue morphology by forming methylene bridge crosslinks between formaldehyde and amine/thiols in biomolecules; however, retina sections analyzed by IMS are typically fresh‐frozen. To determine if clinically significant inferences could be reliably based on fixed tissue, we evaluated the effect of fixation on analyte detection, spatial localization, and introduction of artifactual signals. Hence, we assessed the molecular identity of lipids generated by matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI‐IMS) and liquid chromatography coupled tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) for fixed and fresh‐frozen retina tissues in positive and negative ion modes. Based on MALDI‐IMS analysis, more lipid signals were observed in fixed compared with fresh‐frozen retina. More potassium adducts were observed in fresh‐frozen tissues than fixed as the fixation process caused displacement of potassium adducts to protonated and sodiated species in ion positive ion mode. LC–MS/MS analysis revealed an overall decrease in lipid signals due to fixation that reduced glycerophospholipids and glycerolipids and conserved most sphingolipids and cholesteryl esters. The high quality and reproducible information from untargeted lipidomics analysis of fixed retina informs on all major lipid classes, similar to fresh‐frozen retina, and serves as a steppingstone towards understanding of lipid alterations in retinal diseases.
An assimilatory sulfite reductase, CysI, negatively regulates the dormancy of Microbulbifer aggregans CCB‐MM1T
Authors: Diyana Tarmizi , Furusawa Go 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSulfur is one of the common and essential elements of all life. Sulfate, which is a major source of sulfur, plays an important role in synthesizing sulfur‐containing amino acids, such as cysteine and methionine, organic compounds essential to all living organisms. Some investigations reported that the assimilatory sulfate reduction pathway (ASRP) involved in cysteine synthesis is crucial to entering bacterial dormancy in pathogens. Our previous investigation reported that the halophilic marine bacterium, Microbulbifer aggregans CCB‐MM1T, possesses an ASRP and the dissimilatory sulfate reduction pathway (DSRP). The bacterium might use DSRP to generate energy required for entering its dormant. However, the role of the ASRP in the dormancy of M. aggregans CCB‐MM1T was so far unknown. In this study, we found that genes involved in ASRP were downregulated in the dormancy. The disruption of the gene encoding an assimilatory sulfite reductase, cysI, suppressed a completely dormant state under low nutrient conditions. In addition, the cysI mutant showed cell aggregation at the middle‐exponential phase under high nutrient conditions, indicating that the mutation might be stimulated to enter the dormancy. The wild‐type phenotype of the bacterium was recovered by the addition of cysteine. These results suggested that cysteine concentration may play an important role in inducing the dormancy of M. aggregans.
A systematic analysis of climate model precipitation in southern Brazil
Authors: Pereima Maria Fernanda R. , Chaffe Pedro L. B. , de Amorim Pablo Borges , Rodrigues Regina R. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractClimate model precipitation is the foremost input for hydrological models in climate change risk assessment. However, some aspects of precipitation (e.g., frequency, seasonality, and extremes) are usually not well represented by climate models, especially at the regional scale and in the tropics. In this study, we use a set of well‐established metrics to evaluate the marginal, temporal, and spatial aspects of CMIP5 and CMIP6 precipitation in Southern Brazil. This region is in the transition between tropical and subtropical climates with diverse rainfall generation mechanisms and complex topography. We compare the multi‐model‐ensemble mean (MME) and a constrained ensemble (CE) of CMIP5 and CMIP6 against a high‐resolution precipitation data grid. The constrained ensemble is obtained using a weighting approach that minimizes the difference between the simulated and observed cumulative distribution functions. We find that CMIP6 outperforms CMIP5 for most metrics, especially in the simulation of the seasonal cycle and the spatial distribution of precipitation. Simulated precipitation is more seasonal and more spatially dependent than the observations, with a dry bias characterized by lower precipitation amounts and higher consecutive dry days. Our analysis suggests that the models are not able to reproduce the transition between tropical and subtropical climates in this region as well as the passage of frontal systems. Future studies using CMIP6 should focus on those regional mechanisms of precipitation variability.
A novel selection method of CMIP6 GCMs for robust climate projection
Authors: Hamed Mohammed Magdy , Nashwan Mohamed Salem , Shahid Shamsuddin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe selection of global climate models (GCMs) is a major challenge for reliable projection of climate. A novel method is introduced in this study to select couple model intercomparison project phase 6 (CMIP6) GCMs. Climatology maps of GCM simulated precipitation, maximum temperature and minimum temperature data were rasterized to form 8‐bit grey scale images, which were subsequently merged to form a colour image. The GCMs' climatology images were compared with the climatology image prepared using gridded climate data for their performance assessment. This allowed an unbiased comparison of GCMs according to their ability to reconstruct three major climate variables' climatology. The proposed method was employed for CMIP6 GCMs selections and projection of climate of Egypt for different shared socioeconomic pathway (SSP) scenarios. The study recognized four GCMs suitable for climate projections of Egypt, ACCESS‐CM2, AWI‐CM‐1‐1‐MR, BCC‐CSM2‐MR and MRI‐ESM2‐0. The selected models' biases in simulating precipitation and temperature showed consistent results, underestimating the north and overestimating in the south for rainfall. However, the projections of different GCMs showed a considerable inconsistency. Overall, the results indicated a possible decrease in annual and winter precipitation in the range of 0 to −50% in the high rainfall regions in the north and a large increase in the low rainfall (~5 mm) region in the south. The low rainfall zone in the south showed a gradual expansion with the increase of SSPs and time. The maximum and minimum temperature showed a higher increase in the south, particularly southeast (>6°C in the far future) and least in the northern coastal zone.