bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface-wave dispersion in Byrd Land, Antarctica
Authors: Acharya H. K. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Assuming constant density and Poisson's ratio of 0.25, theoretical surface-wave dispersion has been computed for the Byrd Land area in Antarctica, where the velocity increases monotonically with depth. Comparison with observed dispersion indicates 8 to 10 per cent anisotropy in the ice cap. Such anisotropy was also detected from ultrasonic velocity measurements on snow cores.
A three-quarter watt seismic station
Authors: Muirhead K. J. , Simpson D. W. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A low-power, low-cost instrument using slow speed, direct recording on magnetic tape provides continuous unattended seismic recording in excess of 1 month. The seismic signal is recorded at two gain levels separated by 26 db with a total dynamic range of greater than 70 db. A high-accuracy crystal clock with fully coded digital output and a crystal stabilized radio for reference time-signal reception provide timing to better than 0.1 sec throughout the recording period. Total power consumption is less than 34 watts which enables operation for 1 month on dry cell batteries. The weight of the complete system including seismometer and batteries is less than 100 lb. Ten instruments have been used to record seismic signals ranging from localized microearthquake activity to explosions and teleseismic events.
A line source on a solid-solid interface—A study of the pseudo-Stoneley wave
Authors: Dampney C. N. G. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The displacement caused by a source on an interface between two solid semi-infinite elastic media presents an excellent study in interference between direct, head and interface waves. The solution herein derived provides fresh insight into the nature of pseudo-Stoneley interface waves. As well, the evolution of the head and direct waves is discerned as they move away from the interface.
The technique used to solve the problem demonstrates the simplicity of using Sherwood's (1958) method with generalized ray theory. The displacement is simply expressed in a closed form which can be rapidly evaluated and is straightforward to interpret physically.
Seismological aspects of the CANNIKIN nuclear explosion
Authors: Willis D. E. , George G. D. , Poetzl K. G. , Saltzer C. E. , Shakal A. F. , Torfin R. D. , Woodzick T. L. , Wolosin C. 
Published: September 2021

abstractPredicted and postshot geological and geophysical factors associated with the large underground nuclear detonation CANNIKIN are presented. An average mb magnitude of 7.02 and an Ms magnitude of 5.74 were determined from 56 stations of the WWSSN and Canadian seismograph networks. No change was detected in the naturally occurring pattern of earthquakes recorded at regional and teleseismic distances to indicate that the shot affected natural seismicity other than at close distances. A complex group of waves with mixed Love- and Rayleigh-type motion was observed in latter parts of the surface-wave train recorded at stations across Canada and the United States, which could possibly be associated with an earthquake occurring several minutes after the shot. Surface-wave magnitudes computed for the Love-type motion were smaller than the magnitudes computed from maximum surface-wave amplitudes.
Strain and tilt records of the CANNIKIN nuclear test
Authors: Romig P. R. , Tocher Don , Butler David , Wideman C. J. 
Published: September 2021

abstract
During the CANNIKIN underground nuclear test of November 6, 1971, nearsurface earth deformations were observed by a total of 26 strainmeters and eight tiltmeters at nine sites in the Aleutian Islands at distances of 10 to 1125 km from ground zero on Amchitka Island. Permanent strain steps were observed at all stations. The size of strain steps observed at about 10 km (&gt; 10−4) implies that the zone of nonelastic behavior extended to more than 10 km from ground zero. The size of strain steps observed at 295 and 1125 km (&lt; 10−8) indicates that the residual strains at these distances were not as large as the amplitude of the daily earth tide. The permanent steps exhibit a pronounced directional assymmetry but, at five stations, are in reasonable agreement with predictions based on the work of Wideman and Major (1967). Redundant observations of areal strains at two stations yield values of −29.5 × 10−9 versus −24.2 × 10−9 and −2.1 × 10−7 versus −3.2 × 10−7.
Interpretation of strain data—CANNIKIN nuclear test
Authors: Romig P. R. 
Published: September 2021

abstract
Immediately following CANNIKIN, strain and tilt steps were recorded at distances of 10 to 1,100 km. At the 10-km stations, the steps (&gt; 10−4 were larger than expected and indicated that nonelastic effects existed out to that distance. The “quasi-static” strain step, which may represent elastic response to pressure in the cavity, had two exponential decay constants: 10.6 min during the first 5 min and 17.7 min after 8-min postshot. A significant assymetry in the strain field, evident from observatories at distances of 15 to 300 km, suggests faulting near ground zero. The fault movement was equivalent to that normally associated with an earthquake of magnitude 6 to 612, which implies a fault length of 10 to 30 km and a dislocation of 30 to 100 cm. The steps recorded at the time of collapse are compatible with a collapse mechanism, thus suggesting that little if any fault movement occurred away from the chimney at that time.
A method for computing the deformation of the crust caused by the filling of large lakes
Authors: Lee Terry 
Published: September 2021

abstract
The load placed on the Earth's surface by the filling of large lakes is sufficient to cause deformation of the Earth's crust. The extent of such deformation is investigated. The analysis of the model presented is extened to allow for changes in the elastic parameters with depth.
For Lake Gordon, a large man-made lake to be constructed in the Southwest of Tasmania, the maximum displacement that will be caused in the Earth's surface by the filling of the lake (a load of 1.5 × 1010 tons) is calculated to be about 7 cm.
Impacts of Prosopis juliflora L. on Soil Seed Bank Flora in Amibara Rangeland of Afar Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Noha Ali , Nigatu Lisanework , Manikandan Rejila 
Published: September 2021

Background: Prosopis juliflora L. is an evergreen exotic weedy species seriously devastating valuable rangeland resources in arid and semi-arid parts of Ethiopia. Its increasing alarming rate of invasiveness had affecting the livelihood of the pastoral communities in Amibara rangeland of Afar National Regional State. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Prosopis juliflora L. on soil seed bank flora. Methods: The total of 20 soil samples were collected from five sites by measuring sample quadrats of (20 m × 20 m) area were laid out and the soil samples from each quadrant were taken from 5 sub-quadrats/m2, one from the center and four from the corners, at two depths (0-3 cm and 3-10 cm). The soil samples from the identical layers were mixed in plastic bags to form composite sample. Finally, the composite samples were transported to the Haramaya University to conduct seed germination test in the greenhouse. The soil samples were spread thinly (2 cm thickness) over sterilized soil in shallow trays (20 cm × 25 cm) placed on a bench and allowed for seed germination. Result: The total of 38 herbaceous plant species /m2 belongs to 16 families were emerged in the upper and lower layer (0-3 cm and 3-10 cm) of the soil seed bank samples. The highest values of species diversity were (3.17) in Awash-arba, (3.15) in Alaydagi, (3.04) in Kurkura within m2 area at the depth of 0-3 cm. While the least diversity values of 2.75 in Melka-Werer and 2.77 was recorded in Sarkamo. Jaccard’s coefficient similarity index was exhibited high species similarity of 55.6% in the upper soil seed bank layers (0-3 cm) in Melka-were and Sarkamo. Whereas, species similarities of 45.2% were obtained in the lower layer (3-10 cm) soil seed banks in Awash-arba and upper layer soil seed bank in Alaydagi respectively. While species similarity was decreases as 31.8% in the lower layer soil seed banks in Sarkamo and Kurkura. Increasing species richness and the diversity was also noticed in under open canopy upper layer soil seed bank samples, while decreasing richness and diversity observed in under closed canopy. This indicates that the Prosopis juliflora L. tree has high growth retarding potential on its under canopy soil seed bank flora and in the lower layer soil seed bank samples also.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY STUDY OF NEW QUINAZOLIN-4(3H)-ONES AGAINST STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS AND STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE
Authors: Samotrueva M. A. , Ozerov A. A. , Starikova A. A. , Gabitova N. M. , Merezhkina D. V. , Tsibizova A. A. , Tyurenkov I. N. 
Published: September 2021

Quinazolin-4(3H)-one derivatives exhibiting a wide spectrum of a pharmacological activity, represent a promising class of substances used to obtain antibacterial agents, which is especially important in the context of the emergence of pathogenic microorganisms’ resistance to drugs used in medicine. It has been proved that compounds having a naphthyl radical in the molecule, as well as an amide group bound to the benzene ring as quinazolinone substituents, are characterized by a pronounced antimicrobial activity againstStaphylococcus aureusandStreptococcus pneumoniae.The aimof the research is a primary microbiological screening of thein vitroantimicrobial activity of new quinazolin-4(3H)-one derivatives againstStaphylococcus aureusandStreptococcus pneumoniae, as well as the assessment of the relationship between the pharmacological effect and the structural transformation of the substance molecule, lipophilicity and the possibility of forming resistance to them.Materials and methods.The experimental studies have been carried out using well-known nosocomial pathogens of infectious and inflammatory diseasesStaphylococcus aureusandStreptococcus pneumoniaeby a serial dilution method.Results.A compound containing a naphthyl radical in its structure, which contributes to an increase in the hydrophobicity of the substance and its solubility in the membrane of a bacterial cell, has a bacteriostatic effect against bothStaphylococcus aureusandStreptococcus pneumoniae.A similar pharmacological effect is exhibited by a derivative with an amide group as a substituent of the quinazolinone nucleus linked to a phenyl radical, which probably contributes to an increase in the degree of binding to active sites of enzymes involved in the DNA replication, and protein synthesis. Obviously, the increased lipophilicity, which promotes better binding to the efflux protein, cannot serve as objective characteristics of the emergence possibility of the pathogen’s resistance to this substance.Conclusion.Among the synthesized compounds, the leading substances that exhibit an antimicrobial activity againstStaphylococcus aureusandStreptococcus pneumonia,have been identified.The assessment of the chemical structure made it possible to substantiate their pharmacological action and draw conclusions about the possibility of developing resistance to it in microbial cells.
A <i>Basidiomycete Fungus</i> Responsible for Fresh Mushroom Off-Flavour in Wines: <i>Crustomyces subabruptus</i>, (Bourdot & Galzin) Jülich 1978
Authors: Meistermann Eric , Villaumé Stéphanie , Goffette Delphine , Trarieux Corinne , Coarer Morvan , Roulland Claudie , Dupont Joëlle 
Published: September 2021

Grape rot can cause organoleptic deviations in wines, including the aroma of fresh mushrooms; one of the molecules responsible for this is 1-octen-3-one. The bunches affected by this defect are often contaminated by Botrytis cinerea; however, they may also contain a whitish mycelium that cannot be attributed to B. cinerea. This additional fungal growth is the subject of this study. Several isolations of this fungus were carried out on grape bunches from different vineyards in the French Alsace and Champagne regions using a culture medium containing an anti-Botrytis fungicide (Boscalid). The sequencing of the ITS regions showed that most isolations corresponded to Crustomyces subabruptus (Bourdot & Galzin; Jülich 1978), an endophyte basidiomycete. Contamination tests carried out on bunches and grape juice with this fungus confirmed its responsibility for the appearance of fresh mushroom defects in wines, and showed that it has the capacity to produce large quantities of 1-octen-3-one in a wet and warm environment. The results of this study suggest that this basidiomycete is responsible for fresh mushroom aromas in wines.
Modern assessment of bakery properties of Russian wheat
Authors: Meleshkina E. P. , Kolomiets S. N. , Zhiltsova N. S. , Bundina O. I. 
Published: September 2021

The paper presents an analysis of the quality of soft wheat grown in different soil and climatic conditions of the Russian Federation and having a wide range of quality indicators (the amount of gluten - from 15.3 to 29.4%, the quality of gluten - from 29 to 84 units. IIR, falling number - from 134 to 475 sec). Revealed significant differences in the quality of modern Russian wheat from the wheat of the late XX century. The interrelationships of indicators of quality of grain, flour obtained from it, rheological properties of dough with indicators of quality of bread on a modern instrument base using an alveograph, valorigraph and mixolab have been established. The study of the rheological properties of the dough on the mixolab was carried out in the classical "Chopin Wheat +" mode. According to the profiler parameters (radial diagram), it was found that the analyze grain was characterized by increased rates of starch retrogradation, which characterizes the carbohydrate-amylase complex of flour, a high water absorption index, and increased amylolytic activity; low viscosity and gluten +. To differentiate the strength of wheat, a test laboratory baking of bread was carried out using two methods - the remix method and the reduced-remix method, which showed that the most stable relationships were revealed when baking bread with the remix method. When baking with the abbreviated method, higher indicators of bread quality were obtained, but there are fewer stable relationships, moreover, both for wheat containing less than 25% gluten and more than 25%.
Social security of the region and directions of its provision
Authors: Gorkovenko E. V. , Platonova I. V. 
Published: September 2021

Regional social policy often acts as the activity of the subject in the person of federal authorities and public organizations. The main goal of such a policy is to achieve equal living conditions, developed infrastructure and social structures of the region. And the general coordination of state, regional and local interests is actually implemented with great difficulty and is very often replaced by centralized management. Since regions and subjects become targeted objects of federal authorities, regions are not always able to realize their own interests. To avoid this situation, the regions need to establish their independence in solving social problems. Currently, the social and economic development of the state directly depends on the level of development of the regions. The concept of "economic security" and "social security" are closely related to each other, since the economic security of both the country and the regions mainly consists of socio-economic indicators. In other words, the economic security of the state and its subjects depends on the level of their social security. As a result of the conducted research, threats to the economic (including social) security of the region were identified. The assessment of the level of social security of the regions that are part of the Central Black Earth Economic Region was carried out using the methodology of Gaifullin A. Yu.and Gaifullina M.M. (Institute of Socio-Economic Research), which showed a fairly high level of social security of the object under study – the Voronezh Region. Determined the effectiveness of regional social policy and the ways and measures to improve the social policy of the region, in particular, it is recommended to pay attention to demographic component of the social security, living standards of the population, education and culture, and strengthen the rule of law.
The Potential of Mango (Mangifera infica L.) Peel of Apple Varieties By Infusion And Maceration In Inhibiting Pseudomonas aeruginosa And Propionibacterium acnes
Authors: Rahmawati Vifin Putri , Rini Chylen Setiyo 
Published: September 2021

Plants have many chemical components. The use of natural ingredients as an alternative treatment in dealing with diseases, especially acne. One of them is mango (Mangifera indica L.) varieties of apples obtained at the Larangan Main Market in Sidoarjo. This study aims to determine the potential of infusion and maceration of mango skin varieties in inhibiting Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Propionibactrium acne at various concentrations. This antibacterial potential test was carried out using the diffusion method of the wells. The antibacterial potential is characterized by the formation of a clear zone around the well called the inhibition zone. This study uses 10 concentrations namely 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100% and Clindamycin as positive control and aquades as negative control. Based on the results of the Two Way ANOVA test data obtained were not normally distributed, therefore a comparison test was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test with a sign value (α <0.05). This showed that there were significant differences in the use of various concentrations. The maceration extract concentration of 100% is the best concentration to form a zone of inhibition against P. aeruginosa of 17.9 mm and P. acne bacteria of 13.2 mm. The results of the infusion extract concentration did not form inhibitory zones in both of P. aeruginosa and P. acnes.
The Effectiveness of Sule Honey Comsumption in Increasing Milk Production for Working Mothers Using Breastfeeding Pump Method
Authors: Baroroh Ida , Maslikhah  
Published: September 2021

Decreasing milk production is a major problem for working mothers to continue breastfeeding their babies after the maternity leave period is over, besides that the lack of support from people around them, especially family, work place, time to pump breast milk, availability of lactation room greatly affects the consistency of milk production. Breastfeeding mothers need help to make the breastfeeding process more successful, namely by consuming foods that can stimulate milk production. An alternative food ingredient to support the nutritional needs of breastfeeding mother is the consumption of soy milk (SULE) and honey. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of consumption of Sule Honey in increasing breast milk production in worker mothers using the breast pump method. This study used a Quasi Experimental research design with a design used that is the nonequivalent control group design. This study used two groups, namely the treatment group and the control group. The treatment group, namely 20 worker mothers who breastfeed and use breasfeeding method, were given an intervention, namely giving Sule Honey for 2 weeks and recorded on the observation sheet. The control group is 20 worker mothers who breastfeed and use breastfeeding methode who are given health education about the nutritional needs of nursing mothers.
Anemia In Pregnancy With Stunting In Gayam Village District Gurah Kediri
Authors: Rahayu Dewi Taurisiawati 
Published: September 2021

The nutritional status and health of the mother during pre-pregnancy, pregnancy, and during breastfeeding was very critical periods for children's growth and development. The aim of this research was to determine the relationship between anemia during pregnancy and the incidence of stunting. The method used in this research was observational correlational analytic, which looking for the relationship between two independent and dependent variables used a cohort-retrospective approach, with the independent variable anemia during pregnancy and the dependent variable the incidence of stunting. The research was conducted from 2 July – 29 August 2020 in Gayam Village, Kediri Distric used MCH book instrument. Total population was 512 toddlers with judgement sampling technique as many as 88 toddlers consisted of 38 stunting and 50 non-stunting toddlers. Analysis used the Spearman Rho with the results of the Spearman value showed that total of 66 toddlers, 4 (6.1%) of stunting toddlers were found with no history of anemia, 13 (19.7%) of stunting toddlers with a history of mild anemia and 5 (7.6%) of stunting toddlers with a history of moderate anemia. Spearman rho test results p value = 0.000. This mean that the p value <α = 0.05, because the p-value <α, H1 accepted, that there was a relationship between a history of anemia during pregnancy and the incidence of stunting on toddlers. Anemia during pregnancy was very risky for the development of fetus and the development of baby that will beb born can caused stunting.
A Randomized, Controlled Study on the Safety and Efficacy of Maraviroc and/or Favipiravir vs Currently Used Therapy in Severe COVID-19 Adults. “COMVIVIR” Trial.
Authors: Pérez-García Adolfo , Villalobos-Osnaya Alma , Hernández-Medel Maria Luisa , Perez-Navarro Lucia Monserrat , Medina-Hernandez Elba O. , Cabrera-Orejuela Diana Sofia , Espinoza-Garcia Ana Maria , Leon-Hernandez Mireya , Mayor Arianna Rodriguez-Cal Y , Serrano-Loyola Raul , Guerrero-Avendaño Guadalupe Mercedes Lucia , Reyes-Teran Gustavo , de Oca Gonzalo Salgado-Montes , Avila-Rios Santiago , Lopez-Alvarenga Juan Carlos , Mummidi Srinivas , Hernandez-Ruiz Joselin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Multiple studies have established that hyperinflammatory response induced by SARS CoV-2 is a main cause of complications and death in infected subjects. Such dysfunctional immune response has been described as a dysregulated and exacerbated production of cytokines and chemokines that attracts and activates inflammatory cells, which start and sustain pulmonary and systemic damage, thus causing complications that lead to multi organ failure and death. Therefore, we suggest that blocking key inflammation receptors could help to reduce migration and activation of T cells, monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils, thus mitigating the cytokine dysregulation and averting severe complications and death. Importantly, the optimum treatment for COVID-19 severe patients should combine a modulator of the immune response plus a direct antiviral drug against SARS-CoV-2, in order to address both the hyperinflammatory effects of the immune dysregulation and the viral load. Methods: Maraviroc (MVC), a CCR5 antagonist, and Favipiravir (FPV), an antiviral, will be evaluated single and combined, added to the treatment currently used at the Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga for severe COVID-19 patients. One hundred patients will be allocated in four arms [Current treatment only (CT), CT+MVC, CT+FPV, CT+MVC+FPV]. Percentage of patients free of mechanical ventilation or death at day 28, immunophenotyping and viral load will be compared between groups. Discussion: New immune focused therapies are targeting strong inflammation mediators such as IL-6 and IL1-β; nevertheless, to our best knowledge, only one study explores chemotaxis control. The use of a drug therapy that addresses both the regulation of the immune response and the inhibition of viral replication could at the same time, help to alleviate the hyperinflammatory condition and reduce the time of the viral clearance process, therefore improving treatment outcomes.