bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical comparison of intravenous thrombolysis and bridging artery thrombectomy in hyperacute ischemic stroke with unknown time of onset
Authors: Qingke Bai , Ping Zheng , Jianying Zhang , Zhenguo Zhao 
Published: November 2021

IntroductionThe aim of the study was to explore the clinical efficacy and safety of intravenous thrombolysis and bridging artery thrombectomy for hyperacute ischemic stroke with unknown onset time.Material and methodsOne hundred and twenty-eight patients with hyperacute cerebral infarction and without a clear time of onset were randomly divided into intravenous thrombolysis (n = 66) and bridging artery thrombectomy groups (n = 62).ResultsIn the intravenous thrombolysis group, 37 patients’ vessels had recanalization, 32 patients’ 24-hour National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score improved, and 42 patients’ 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score was good. In the bridging artery thrombectomy group, 62 patients’ vessels had recanalization, 28 patients’ 24-hour NIHSS score improved, and 38 patients’ 90-day mRS score was good.ConclusionsThe benefits and adverse events between intravenous thrombolysis and bridging artery thrombectomy for ischemic stroke with unknown time of onset are similar.
Relación entre la vulneración del derecho de bonificación y su tratamiento en el proceso contencioso administrativo por preparación de clases de los docentes de la Unidad de Gestión Educativa Local – San Martín, 2018
Authors: Moreno Aguilar Jhin Demetrio , Ruiz Paredes Gelver 
Published: November 2021

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo general determinar cuál es la relación entre la vulneración del derecho de bonificación y su tratamiento en el proceso contencioso administrativo por preparación de clases de los docentes de la UGEL – San Martín, 2018. La investigación es mixta, con diseño no experimental de índole descriptivo correlacional de corte transversal. La muestra estudiada es de 132 procesos contenciosos administrativos, que tienen como pretensiones el reconocimiento del 30% de sus remuneraciones por preparación de clases y evaluación, de los resultados obtenidos se aceptó la hipótesis alterna que establece que existe una relación significativa entre las variables estudiadas; por lo que se concluyó que se vulneró sistemáticamente el derecho solicitadoen el año 2018 en un 99.25%, puesto que, la Sala Civil Descentralizada de Tarapoto revocaron las sentencias de primera instancia y consecuentemente la declararon improcedentes las demandas contenciosas administrativas.
Performativa teatral como vínculo de la reparación social y dignificación desde el rescate de la memoria histórica intergeneracional
Authors: Melgar Nilcer , Mejía Johana 
Published: November 2021

Estudiar los actos performativos implica dar una mirada crítica de lo que significa dignificarse como seres humanos desde el reconocimiento colectivo de la barbarie hasta la búsqueda de la liberación. Esta investigación parte de la teoría de la posmemoria, noción elaborada por Marianne Hirsch y los aportes de la psicología social acuñados por Ignacio Martín-Baró. Estos encuadres han sido utilizados para analizar los vínculos intergeneracionales de las comunidades repobladas del nororiente de Chalatenango para estudiar el impacto psicosocial ocasionado por el conflicto armado de acuerdo con los procesos psicointercomunitarios que han quedado manifiestos en el posconflicto, mediante el reconocimiento y la implementación de la rama artística, específicamente el teatro. Los resultados evidenciaron que, efectivamente, la performativa teatral ha activado procesos que han contribuido a la reparación social y a la dignificación desde y hacia las víctimas. Es decir, el teatro se ha convertido en una herramienta de resistencia utilizada como denuncia y reconstructora del tejido social dañado. A través de este, las comunidades establecen una comunicación afectiva intergeneracional, consolidan el sentido de pertenencia comunitaria, instalan un posicionamiento político público y movilizan sus capacidades de agencia.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 76, No. 765, 2021: 241-266.
Value of ultrasound-guided aspiration of hip arthroplasties performed in an orthopedic clinic by orthopedic surgeons
Authors: Duck Holly , Tanner Suzanne , Zillmer Debra , Osmon Douglas , Perry Kevin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Background: Total joint arthroplasties continue to increase as do periprosthetic joint
infections (PJIs). Ultrasound-guided aspiration can yield useful synovial
fluid for analysis while avoiding radiation exposure. This study presents a
high-yield, ultrasound-guided technique with analysis of aspiration results.
Methods: All consecutive ultrasound-guided aspirations of hip arthroplasties
performed from May 2016 through to April 2019 were retrospectively reviewed.
Patient demographic information, component specifics, presence of draining
sinus, and inflammatory markers were recorded. Results of aspiration
including volume, appearance, lavage use, synovial fluid differential
leukocyte count, synovial neutrophil percent, and culture results were
recorded. Surgical results, specimen cultures, and surgeon description of
purulence were recorded. Aspiration results were compared to the surgical
specimen results in all patients who underwent reoperations.
Results: Review of 349 hip aspirations demonstrated accuracy of 87 %, sensitivity
of 83 %, specificity of 89 %, positive predictive value of 79 %, and negative
predictive value 91 %. Surgical and aspiration cultures matched in 81 % of cases.
Bloody aspirates and aspirates obtained after lavage had less
accuracy at 69 % and 60 %, respectively. Specificity was 100 % for
cultures obtained with lavage and 91 % for bloody aspirates. Synovial
leukocyte count and neutrophil percentage was obtained in
85 % of aspirations, and cultures were obtained in 98 % of aspirates. Contamination rate
was 2 %.
Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided aspirations aid in the diagnosis of PJI. The use of lavage
to obtain fluid is helpful when aspiration cultures are positive. Bloody
aspirates are less accurate but have high specificity. A low contamination
rate and 88 % accuracy results with this meticulous technique.
Deformation mechanisms and their microstructural indicators in the compaction of crushed salt as a geotechnical barrier
Authors: Svensson Kristoff , Zemke Kornelia , Laurich Ben 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Following 30 years of research, it is common sense that crushed salt is the most suitable geotechnical material for encapsulating radioactive waste in a rock salt repository (e.g., Chaikowski et al., 2020). After emplacement, it provides sufficient permeability to allow outflow of unwanted canister-corrosion gases. In the long term, however, when it becomes compacted by converging cavity walls, it safely hinders any fluid flow from and to the waste. Hence, it is essential to know the evolution of (1) the material's key parameters during compaction, such as porosity and permeability, backfill resistance and viscosity; (2) the material's response to environmental controls, such as temperature, humidity, and stress; and (3) the material's long-term rheology. Here we align microstructural deformation indicators with physical processes that underlie compaction (Mills et al., 2018a). We strive to identify and – where feasible – to quantify the dominant deformation mechanisms (Blenkinsop, 2002; Jackson and Hudec, 2017). As a preliminary result, we show that the abundancy of deformation indicators increases with increasing compaction state. In early compaction, we observe more brittle mechanisms, such as grain fracturing (Fig. 1a) and cataclastic flow. At later stages, especially in the presence of moisture, plastic deformation overtakes. Therein, we observe an increased presence of indicators for pressure solution precipitation (grain boundary seams) and dislocation creep (subgrain formation, Fig. 1b), with progressing deformation. In our upcoming work, we aim at linking the observed indicators to environmental controls, such as moisture content, temperature, and strain rate by applying our approach to larger suits of samples compacted under best-known controlled conditions. Final goal is the joint interpretation with findings from in situ-compacted material (Mills et al., 2018b). Do lab tests mimic in situ processes of crushed salt compaction adequately? Can we learn how to do better by means of microstructural investigations?
Microscopic and spectroscopic investigations of uranium(VI) reduction by &lt;i&gt;Desulfosporosinus hippei&lt;/i&gt; DSM 8344
Authors: Hilpmann Stephan , Steudtner Robin , Drobot Björn , Hübner René , Bok Frank , Stumpf Thorsten , Cherkouk Andrea 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Clay formations are potential host rocks for the long-term storage of
high-level radioactive waste in a deep geological repository. Bentonites are supposed to serve as backfill material, not only for a final disposal site in clay formations but also in crystalline rock. For a long-term safety assessment, various aspects must be taken into account. Besides geological, geochemical and geophysical considerations, naturally occurring microorganisms also play a crucial part in the environment of such a repository. In the event of a worst-case scenario when water enters the disposal site, they can interact with the radionuclides and change for example the chemical speciation or the oxidation state (Lloyd et al., 2002). Desulfosporosinus spp. are an important representative of anaerobic, sulfate-reducing microorganisms, which are present in clay formations as well as in bentonites. Various studies have shown that they play a major role in the microbial communities of these surroundings (Bagnoud et al., 2016; Matschiavelli et al., 2019). A closely related microorganism to the isolated species is Desulfosporosinus hippei DSM 8344, which was originally found in permafrost soil (Vatsurina et al., 2008). This bacterium was used to investigate its interactions with uranium(VI) especially regarding the reduction to the less mobile uranium(IV). Time-dependent reduction experiments in artificial Opalinus Clay pore water
(Wersin et al., 2011) (100 µM uranium(VI), pH 5.5) showed the
removal of about 80 % of the uranium(VI) from the supernatants within
48 h. Corresponding UV/Vis measurements of the dissolved cell pellets exhibited an increasing proportion of uranium(IV) in the cell-bound
uranium. Calculations with the inclusion of extinction coefficients led to a ratio of 39 % uranium(IV) after 1 week. Therefore, a combined
sorption-reduction process is a possible interaction mechanism. Time-resolved laser-induced luminescence spectroscopy verified the presence of two uranium(VI) species in the supernatant. A comparison with reference
spectra led to an assignment to a uranyl(VI) lactate and a uranyl(VI)
carbonate complex. The species distribution showed a decrease of the
proportion of the lactate species with time, whereas the proportion of the
carbonate species remained almost constant. Uranium aggregates are formed on the cell surface during the process, as
determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, uranium
occurs inside and outside the cells as well as vesicles containing uranium. These findings help to close existing gaps in a comprehensive safeguard
concept for a repository for high-level radioactive waste in clay
rock. Moreover, this study provides new insights into the interactions of
sulfate-reducing microorganisms with uranium(VI).
Identification and evaluation of processes for joint disposal of high level radioactive waste and low to intermediate level radioactive waste
Authors: Poller Andreas , Hardie Susie M. L. , Mayer Gerhard , Pijorr Marie , Poppei Joachim , Smith Paul , Urpi Luca , Wissmeier Laurin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. The on-going research project „Identification and evaluation of processes that can arise by disposing of both high level radioactive waste (HAW) and low to intermediate level radioactive waste (LAW/MAW) at the same site“ (GemEnd, FKZ 4719F10401), commissioned by the
Federal Office for the Safety of Nuclear Waste Management (BASE), is
concerned with the question which thermal, hydraulic, mechanical, chemical
and biological (THMCB) processes could be of importance for the long-term
safety of the geological repository for high level radioactive waste. The focus of the project is on mutual influences between the HAW and LAW/MAW repositories, which should be constructed separately according to the Safety Regulations (Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety, BMU, 2020). A second point of emphasis is on processes that could result from the disposal of small amounts of LAW/MAW within the HAW repository. The analyses carried out for each of the potential host rocks clay rock,
rock salt and crystalline rock as well as for a combination of clay rock
above crystalline rock at a generic site are divided into a qualitative and
a quantitative part. As for the qualitative analyses, all potentially
relevant processes are identified and evaluated as to whether they are
negligible or principally relevant for the exemplary repository
configurations considered and according to the current state of knowledge. With regard to the quantitative analyses, the possible extent of potentially safety-relevant processes is illustrated by means of coupled numerical simulations. Of special interest are the effects of particularly sensitive model approaches and/or parameters and notably of the distances between the HAW and LAW/MAW repositories in the different exemplary repository configurations considered. From the results of the quantitative and qualitative analyses, knowledge
gaps will be identified and the possibility of their reduction by research
and development activities will be discussed. Furthermore, aspects of the
transferability of the results to the German site selection procedure will
be illuminated. At the interdisciplinary research symposium safeND selected preliminary
results of both the qualitative and quantitative analyses will be presented.
Open Source Software Library for Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Coupled Processes in Python
Authors: Rücker Carsten 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. This contributed poster shows the current state of development of a finite
element implementation as part of an open source software library (OSSL) for
the simulation of thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) coupled processes. The
reliable handling of numerical methods is fundamental for the understanding of
scientific interrelationships and thus, a crucial prerequisite for modeling
THM scenarios, as well as for the understanding and evaluation of preliminary
safety investigations during the site selection process for the storage of
high-level radioactive waste. There are several motivations for developing an
in-house OSSL, which will allow us to:
Build capacity and maintenance within BASE (Federal Office for the Safety of Nuclear Waste Management) regarding issues of the numerical modeling of safety-relevant aspects on the long-term safety analyses specified by the German legislator in the site selection process. Develop a collection of known benchmarks and evaluation examples for the comparison of different software tools, applying a uniform interface to simplify the use of the available highly specialized open source codes. Diversify the testing possibilities regarding the preliminary safety investigations by means of our own, independent modeling software. Document basic THM scenarios for internal or, if necessary, public technical training, e.g., density-driven fluid flow (Fig. 1), convergence in salt, temperature propagation in the repository area, crack development, diffusive or advective mass transport. Ensure transparency and, in principle, might allow for appropriately proven-quality (validated) and documented simulation tools for the public regarding questions about the preliminary safety investigations during the site selection process. The development of the OSSL is mainly based on the scripting language Python,
which allows the necessary flexibility for the diverse fields of application
and at the same time enables maximum transparency for all aspects of the
source code. To ensure the high quality of the software, state of the art
development tools are used (e.g., version control, automated tests, and
documentation generation). Figure 1 shows our preliminary simulation results of the so-called Elder
problem (Elder, 1967), a popular standard benchmark for thermo-hydrogeological
coupling in which fluid motion in a porous medium is driven by buoyancy
forces.
International collaboration in disposal research: comparative modeling of coupled processes in the DECOVALEX project
Authors: Birkholzer Jens T. , Bond Alex 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. This presentation gives an overview of an international research collaboration for advancing the understanding and modeling of coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical (THMC) processes in geological systems. The creation of the international DECOVALEX project, now running for more than 25 years, was motivated by the recognition that prediction of these coupled effects is an essential part of the performance and safety assessment of geologic disposal systems for radioactive waste and spent nuclear fuel. DECOVALEX emphasizes joint analysis and comparative modeling of state-of-the-art field and laboratory experiments, across a range of host rock options and repository designs. Participating research teams are from radioactive waste management organizations, national research institutes, regulatory agencies, universities, and consulting groups, providing a wide range of perspectives and solutions to these complex problems. The presentation provides examples of the research contributions made collectively in past DECOVALEX tasks and also touches on the unique modeling challenges tackled in the ongoing project phase, referred to as DECOVALEX-2023. The current phase comprises 17 partner organizations, about 50 modeling teams, and 7 modeling tasks, which cover a broad portfolio from fundamental studies on gas migration to full-scale in situ heater experiments in different host rocks to performance assessment studies. Together, these examples illustrate that the insight and scientific knowledge gained within the DECOVALEX project would not have been possible if one group had studied these complex THMC modeling challenges alone rather than within a truly collaborative setting.
Knowledge Management in EURAD: the Roadmap
Authors: Beattie Tara , Carbol Paul , Grambow Bernd , Knuuti Tobias , Théodon Louise , Zuidema Piet 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Knowledge management (KM) is a core activity of the European Joint Programme on Radioactive Waste Management (EURAD), which has driven the development of the EURAD Roadmap, a roadmap for the implementation of radioactive waste management (RWM) leading to geological disposal, using the experiences of advanced national and EU programmes. Because these programmes have been developed over more than 40 years and have adopted different technical and strategic approaches to deep geological repository (DGR) development, the roadmap has been structured to capture largely generic best practice in its presentation of programme Phasing and Thematic goals breakdown structure:
5 Phases of Implementation: Initiation, Site Selection, Site Characterization, Construction, and Operations and Closure. For each phase the roadmap explains how activities and existing knowledge are used to fulfil generic safety and implementation goals common across RWM programmes. 7 themes: Programme Management, Predisposal, Engineered Barrier Systems, Geoscience, Design and Optimisation, Siting and Licensing, and Safety Case. Each theme is further elaborated into sub-themes and domains.
The intention of the EURAD roadmap is to provide information and guidance to three primary user groups:
Organisations that are developing or updating their national RWM programmes with the objective of moving towards deep geological disposal of some of their wastes and requiring information on the steps involved; Organisations with advanced RWM and DGR programmes that require an informative training tool for new staff and a means of propagating knowledge across the groups involved in diverse activities; All organisations concerned with identifying potential future gaps in capabilities that could hinder implementation of their DGR programmes in decades to come.
We recognize that there is not a unique route through the roadmap – like any roadmap, it can be used to stimulate consideration of alternative options and can be adapted by each Member State to suit national priorities. Because of its generic nature, the EURAD roadmap will be populated with content that is common to all programmes, creating a basis and strategy for a long-term project of Knowledge Management and Networking in RWM. The current focus is on signposting to existing content and the generation of new content to fill identified gaps for State of Knowledge, State of the Art, Guidance, Training and active Networks or Communities of Practice.
IAEA compiling state of knowledge and developing high level guidance in radioactive waste management
Authors: Mayer Stefan , Robbins Rebecca 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. One endeavour central to the International Atomic Energy Agency's (IAEA)
mandate is compiling the international state of knowledge (SoK), supporting
transfer of knowledge and establishing high level guidance for all peaceful
applications of nuclear technologies, including those specific to radioactive waste management (RWM). Building on the current state of experiences and knowledge shared with us from IAEA Member States, we are developing a comprehensive suite of documents on the technologies and solutions having the potential to address RWM needs and steps. This information can be used as a baseline to guide RWM in other countries. In a first approach, the information is compiled and developed in a sequence of documents covering a range of topical domains. These include:
RW: inventory; characterization; use of waste acceptance criteria throughout all RWM steps. RWM steps: a series of handbooks presenting approaches to waste treatment, conditioning and storage; special applications supporting small inventory management needs (e.g. through mobile facilities); considerations specific to management needs of postaccident radioactive waste. Endpoints: introduction to design approaches and disposal concepts; managing site investigations; global compendium of Underground Research Facilities (URF) RD&amp;D; special considerations for small inventory disposal. Programmatic considerations: a generic roadmap to deep geologic repository (DGR) implementation; cost estimation and funding of a disposal programme; stakeholder involvement in disposal. To improve on efficiency and to prove our capacity to compile and transfer an evolving state of knowledge on topics relevant to RWM, the IAEA is building a collection of online interactive contents based on these publications. This online interactive content ultimately aims at containing all our key guidance topics and is intended to provide easier and more rapid access to detailed information. The format would also allow its content to be expanded with descriptions and analyses of topical case studies.