bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anthropogenic aerosol effects on tropospheric circulation and sea surface temperature (1980–2020): separating the role of zonally asymmetric forcings
Authors: Diao Chenrui , Xu Yangyang , Xie Shang-Ping 
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Anthropogenic aerosols (AAs) induce global and regional
tropospheric circulation adjustments due to the radiative energy
perturbations. The overall cooling effects of AA, which mask a portion of
global warming, have been the subject of many studies but still have large
uncertainty. The interhemispheric contrast in AA forcing has also been
demonstrated to induce a major shift in atmospheric circulation. However,
the zonal redistribution of AA emissions since start of the 20th century, with a
notable decline in the Western Hemisphere (North America and Europe) and a
continuous increase in the Eastern Hemisphere (South Asia and East Asia),
has received less attention. Here we utilize four sets of single-model initial-condition large-ensemble
simulations with various combinations of external forcings to quantify the
radiative and circulation responses due to the spatial redistribution of AA
forcing during 1980–2020. In particular, we focus on the distinct climate
responses due to fossil-fuel-related (FF) aerosols emitted from the Western Hemisphere (WH) versus the Eastern Hemisphere (EH). The zonal (west to east) redistribution of FF aerosol emission since the
1980s leads to a weakening negative radiative forcing over the WH
mid-to-high latitudes and an enhancing negative radiative forcing over the
EH at lower latitudes. Overall, the FF aerosol leads to a northward shift of the Hadley cell and an equatorward shift of the Northern Hemisphere (NH) jet stream. Here, two sets of regional FF simulations (Fix_EastFF1920
and Fix_WestFF1920) are performed to separate the roles of
zonally asymmetric aerosol forcings. We find that the WH aerosol forcing,
located in the extratropics, dominates the northward shift of the Hadley cell by inducing an interhemispheric imbalance in radiative forcing. On the other hand, the EH aerosol forcing, located closer to the tropics, dominates the equatorward shift of the NH jet stream. The consistent relationship between the jet stream shift and the top-of-atmosphere net solar flux (FSNTOA) gradient suggests that the latter serves as a rule-of-thumb guidance for the expected shift of the NH jet stream. The surface effect of EH aerosol forcing (mainly from low- to midlatitudes)
is confined more locally and only induces weak warming over the northeastern Pacific and North Atlantic. In contrast, the WH aerosol reduction leads to a large-scale warming over NH mid-to-high latitudes that largely offsets the cooling over the northeastern Pacific due to EH aerosols. The simulated competing roles of regional aerosol forcings in driving
atmospheric circulation and surface temperature responses during the recent
decades highlight the importance of considering zonally asymmetric forcings
(west to east) and also their meridional locations within the NH (tropical
vs. extratropical).
Linkages between the atmospheric transmission originating from the North Atlantic Oscillation and persistent winter haze over Beijing
Authors: Li Muyuan , Yao Yao , Simmonds Ian , Luo Dehai , Zhong Linhao , Pei Lin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract. In this study, the persistent winter haze that occurred over Beijing during 1980 to 2016 is examined using reanalysis and station data. On both
interannual and daily-to-weekly timescales, the winter haze weather in Beijing is found to be associated with a pronounced atmospheric
teleconnection pattern from the North Atlantic to Eurasia (Beijing). A positive western-type North Atlantic Oscillation (WNAO+) phase and a
positive East Atlantic/West Russia (EA/WR+) phase are observed as part of this teleconnection pattern (an arched wave train). This study focuses
on the role of the WNAO pattern, because the WNAO+ pattern acts as the origin of the atmospheric transmission, 8–10 d before the
persistent haze events. Further analyses reveal that the WNAO+ pattern can increase the number of haze days and persistent haze events on
interannual and daily-to-weekly timescales. Specifically, strong WNAO+ winters (above the 95th percentile) can increase the number of haze days
and persistent haze events by 26.0 % and 42.3 %, respectively. In addition, a high WNAO index for the 5 d average (above the 95th
percentile) predicts a 16.9 % increase in the probability of haze days on Day 8 and a higher proportion of persistent haze days compared with an
unknown WNAO state. Thus, the WNAO+ pattern is as a necessary prior background condition for the formation of the wave train and is a skillful
predictor for persistent hazy weather. Corresponding to the WNAO+ pattern, intensified zonal wind and a north–south sea surface temperature
tripolar mode over the North Atlantic also appear before persistent haze events on the daily-to-weekly timescale. On the interannual timescale,
winters with a greater number of persistent haze days are also associated with a tripolar sea surface temperature (SST) mode over the North Atlantic that is situated farther
northward.
Carbon accumulation rates of Holocene peatlands in central–eastern Europe document the driving role of human impact over the past 4000 years
Authors: Longman Jack , Veres Daniel , Haliuc Aritina , Finsinger Walter , Ersek Vasile , Pascal Daniela , Sava Tiberiu , Begy Robert 
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Peatlands are one of the largest terrestrial carbon sinks on the planet, yet little is known about the carbon accumulation rates (CARs) of mountainous peatlands. The long-term variability in the size of the associated carbon sink and its drivers remain largely unconstrained, especially when the long-term anthropogenic impact is also considered. Here, we present a composite CAR record of nine peatlands from central–eastern Europe (Romania and Serbia) detailing variability in the rates of carbon accumulation during the Holocene. We show examples of extremely high long-term rates of carbon accumulation (LORCA>120 gCm-2yr-1), indicating that mountain peatlands constitute an efficient regional carbon sink at times. By comparing our data to modelled palaeoclimatic indices and to measures of anthropogenic impact we disentangle the drivers of peat carbon accumulation in the area. Variability in early- and mid-Holocene CARs is linked to hydroclimatic controls, with high CARs occurring during the early Holocene and lower CARs associated with the transition to cooler and moister mid-Holocene conditions. By contrast, after 4000 years (calibrated) before present (years BP), the trends in CARs indicate a divergence from hydroclimate proxies, suggesting that other processes became the dominant drivers of peat CARs. We propose that enhanced erosion following tree cover reduction as well as increased rates of long-distance atmospheric dust fallout might have played a role, as both processes would result in enhanced mineral and nutrient supply to bog surfaces, stimulating peatland productivity. Surprisingly though, for the last 1000 years, reconstructed temperature is significantly correlated with CARs, with rising temperatures linked to higher CARs. Under future climate conditions, which are predicted to be warmer in the region, we predict that peat growth may expand but that this is entirely dependent upon the scale of human impact directly affecting the sensitive hydrological budget of these peatlands.
Thermal non-equilibrium of porous flow in a resting matrix applicable to melt migration: a parametric study
Authors: Chevalier Laure , Schmeling Harro 
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Fluid flow through rock occurs in many geological settings on different scales, at different temperature conditions and with different flow velocities. Depending on these conditions the fluid will be in local thermal equilibrium with the host rock or not. To explore the physical parameters controlling thermal non-equilibrium the coupled heat equations for fluid and solid phases are formulated for a fluid migrating through a resting porous solid by Darcy flow. By non-dimensionalizing the equations three non-dimensional numbers can be identified controlling thermal non-equilibrium: the Peclet number Pe describing the fluid velocity, the heat transfer number A describing the local interfacial heat transfer from the fluid to the solid, and the porosity ϕ. The equations are solved numerically for the fluid and solid temperature evolution for a simple 1D model setup with constant flow velocity. Three stages are observed: a transient stage followed by a stage with maximum non-equilibrium fluid to solid temperature difference, ∆Tmax, and a stage approaching the steady state. A simplified time-independent ordinary differential equation for depth-dependent (Tf – Ts) is derived and analytically solved. From these solutions simple scaling laws of the form (Tf – Ts) = f (Pe, A, ϕ, H), where H is the non-dimensional model height, are derived. The solutions for ∆Tmax and the scaling laws are in good agreement with the numerical solutions. The parameter space Pe, A, ϕ, H is systematically explored. In the Pe – A – parameter space three regimes can be identified: 1) at high Pe (> 1) strong thermal non-equilibrium develops independently of Pe and A; 2) at low Pe (< 1) and low A (< 1) non-equilibrium decreases proportional to decreasing Pe; 3) at low Pe (<1) and large A (>1) non-equilbrium scales with Pe/A and thus becomes unimportant. The porosity ϕ has only a minor effect on thermal non-equilibrium. The time scales for reaching thermal non-equilibrium scale with the advective time-scale in the high Pe-regime and with the interfacial diffusion time in the other two low Pe – regimes. Applying the results to natural magmatic systems such as mid-ocean ridges can be done by estimating appropriate orders of Pe and A. Plotting such typical ranges in the Pe – A regime diagram reveals that a) interstitial melt flow is in thermal equilibrium, b) melt channelling as e.g. revealed by dunite channels may reach moderate thermal non-equilibrium, and c) the dyke regime is at full thermal non-equilibrium.
English for Academic Purposes Programs: Key Trends Across Canadian Universities
Authors: Douglas Scott Roy , Landry Michael 
Published: December 2021

Because of the large number of post-secondary English for academic purposes (EAP) programs and the varying ways they are structured, it can be difficult to identify how a particular program fits within the overall landscape of university education. To identify general trends across Canada, the webpages for 74 EAP programs at 50 public English-medium universities were examined for key information related to each program. Data analysis included descriptive statistics as well as graphical representation. The results pointed to typical EAP programs that are independent units that offer non-credit courses with some credit options, have international tuition fees around $9,000 per semester, provide approximately 22 hours of instruction per week, and generally require IELTS scores over 5.0 or TOEFL iBT scores over 59 for entry. These results provide an avenue of comparison and indicate the need for future research to better understand how EAP programming is conceptualized in the Canadian context.
Factors Linking Declining Reef Health Ecosystem to Poverty in Lagonoy Gulf, Eastern Bicol, Philippines
Authors: Mendoza Antonino B. , Nieves Plutomeo M. , Borejon Michael C. 
Published: December 2021

This paper provided likely linkage between poverty and reef health status in Lagonoy Gulf. It showed that fishers are poor as reflected by their weekly income ranging from PhP 2,500.00 to <500.00 averaging PhP 1,214.00 which is way below the PhP 3,596 week-1 poverty threshold for Bicol Region. Population density in coastal municipalities is highest in Albay with 512 ind. km-2 and least in Catanduanes with 325 ind. km-2. Fishers are relatively ageing with mean age of 48 years and average fishing experience of 29 years. Majority only reached or finished primary level, and only 6% reached college. Five out of six do not own boat and gears, showing financial incapacity. Hook and lines were used by 66% of the fishers while, nets comprised 32%. Living coral cover declined from 1993 to 2018 by almost 25%. High dependence to coastal resources, high demand for seafood, destructive gears, lack of supplemental sources of income, low educational background, lack of skills, low income are identified contributory factors to habitat degradation. With the declining reef health and fish catch, fishers that are living below poverty threshold are more likely to become poorer because the reef’s capacity to provide goods and services is lost.
URDU-21 Historical Study of Hamd-Nigari in Saraiki Language Saraiki
Authors: Ahmad Rind Dr Ayaz , Fiaz Hafiz Muhammad , Asghar Maqsoom 
Published: December 2021

This research paper explains the style of praise of the Allah Almighty which has been written mainly in Saraiki language. Praise here means praise of Allah Almighty. Allah created every living soul in this universe. Man, as the noblest of creatures, giving thanks to Allah, and praises Allah, is called Hamd. Saraiki Waseeb is traditionally called Indus Valley. The language of this region is Saraiki. It is very widespread languages are prominent. Man has always thought that there is a being far beyond his reach and that he is the one who created the universe. His power is omnipotent, even if it is human intent. Man must have had a relationship with his God in one way or another, whether it was arson or idolatry. Man praised his own God in his own way. We find the ancient literature of Saraiki language mostly in poetry in which the poetic genres like Hamd, Mawlood, Naat, Haliya Mubarak, Noornameh, Mirajnameh, Toldnameh, Hudhdnameh, Wasitnameh, Marsiya Nigari are prominent. In which poets have expressed their religious sentiments with great love. There are many forms of this belief but its background is the same which is the concept of one God.
Distinção e o posicionamento no campo: possíveis conexões a partir dos bolsistas de produtividade em pesquisa do CNPq em Ciência da Informação
Authors: Silva Marcia Regina da , Villanova Andre Philippe 
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: Refletir sobre os preceitos bourdieusianos de distinção e posicionamento tendo como base os indicadores quantitativos da produção científica de bolsistas produtividade do CNPq da área da Ciência da Informação. Metodologia: Estudo teórico-reflexivo que se respaldou na leitura e inferências dos conceitos bourdieusianos e no uso da abordagem bibliométrica. As fontes de coleta de dados foram o Portal CAPES e a Plataforma Lattes. Os dados foram processados por meio das ferramentas do Excel e do software Vantage Point. Resultados: Observa-se que um pesquisador que alcança esta bolsa tende a buscar a permanência de sua posição de influência no campo, o que culmina com um número razoável de pesquisadores que permanecem com o fomento por um longo tempo. As duas formas mais utilizadas para a comunicação científica dos bolsistas são os periódicos e os congressos. Conclusão: Os indicadores analisados nesta pesquisa revelam a distinção e o posicionamento do campo da Ciência da Informação, mas não significa que eles condicionam os pesquisadores, essa dinâmica dá-se pela estrutura e comportamento dos agentes no campo, como descrito por Bourdieu e identificado nesta pesquisa, não se trata de determinismo ou subjetivismo, mas de relações pautadas pela disputa de posições no campo científico.
Estratégias de promoção do retorno ao trabalho de sobreviventes ao câncer: revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Rocha Elaine Cristina Lopes da , Ildefonso Ana Paula Rocha , Faria Magda Guimarães de Araujo , Vargens Octavio Muniz da Costa , Mininel Vivian Aline , Gallasch Cristiane Helena 
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: analisar as estratégias para promover a manutenção e o retorno ao trabalho para sobreviventes de câncer em diferentes países. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura realizada entre outubro de 2020 e janeiro de 2021, sem recorte temporal, utilizando as bases PubMed, CINAHL e PsycINFO, e os descritores/ palavras-chave “Neoplasias”, “Retorno ao Trabalho”, “Sobrevivência” e “Estratégia”. Resultados: Não foram identificadas publicações nacionais. As estratégias identificadas estão relacionadas à orientação e educação dos trabalhadores e equipe de trabalho, à atuação multiprofissional na assistência à saúde e às adaptações do local de trabalho. Conclusão: Há necessidade e viabilidade de implementação de ações, que podem ser baseadas em evidências científicas internacionais, favorecendo a manutenção ou o retorno ao trabalho após o diagnóstico de câncer. Sugere-se que tais sejam observadas e implementadas por meio de estudos de intervenção no cenário brasileiro, com ações coordenadas entre as equipes do local de trabalho, gestores, pesquisadores, profissionais da área de saúde do trabalhador e formuladores de políticas em saúde pública.
Poor Outcomes After Anterior Impaction Pilon Fractures
Authors: Jo Sally , Tilan Justin , McAndrew Christopher , Miller Anna N. 
Published: December 2021

Introduction:
Pilon fractures occur through high-energy axial-loading trauma and are frequently associated with complications. The goal of this study was to assess whether anterior impaction (AI) tibial pilon fractures are associated with increased rates of posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA), secondary surgeries, and lower patient-reported outcomes compared with patients with non-AI pilon fractures.

Methods:
In this retrospective cohort study, 52 pilon fractures in 50 patients were included. The average follow-up was 25 months (range, 12 to 62 in non-AI and 12 to 66 in AI). The Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) score for PTOA, tibiotalar ratio for anterior-posterior talar subluxation, coronal tibiotalar angle, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System score, and rates of secondary surgeries and infection were assessed.

Results:
The AI group showed radiographic evidence of more advanced PTOA at the final follow-up (KL score 3.1 vs. 2.5, P = 0.021) and a higher rate of implant removal for pain (39% vs. 13%, P = 0.030). AI also had greater anterior talar subluxation on preoperative (P < 0.001) and final follow-up radiographs (P = 0.026). A higher KL score was associated with greater anterior talar displacement on preoperative (r = −0.421, P = 0.003) and final follow-up radiographs (r = −0.359, P < 0.009). No differences were seen in 1-year Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System scores.

Discussion:
AI pilon fractures are associated with recurrent anterior talar subluxation, more severe PTOA, and a higher rate of implant removal for pain compared with non-AI fractures.
Postoperative Complications in Patients With Hereditary Hemochromatosis Undergoing Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Matched Cohort Analysis
Authors: Agarwal Amil R. , Wang Kevin Y. , Xu Amy L. , Best Matthew J. , Puvanesarajah Varun , Srikumaran Umasuthan , Golladay Gregory J. , Thakkar Savya C. 
Published: December 2021

Aims:
The purpose of this study is to determine differences in the rates of 90-day postoperative complications and 2- and 5-year surgical outcomes between patients with and without hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) after total joint arthroplasty (TJA).

Methods:
Patients who underwent primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA) from 2010 to 2018 were identified in a national database (PearlDiver Technologies) using Current Procedural Terminology and International Classification of Diseases-9/10 codes. Patients with a history of HH were identified within the THA and TKA cohorts and matched with non-HH patients based on age, sex, Charlson Comorbidity Index, smoking status, and obesity (body mass index > 30). Ninety-day medical complications assessed included renal failure, arrhythmia, bleeding complications, blood transfusion, pneumonia, stroke, deep vein thrombosis, liver failure, heart failure, pulmonary embolism, sepsis, surgical site infection, wound dehiscence, readmission rate, and death. Two- and 5-year surgical complications assessed included all-cause revision, prosthetic joint infection, implant loosening, joint stiffness, and manipulation under anesthesia. All complications were analyzed using bivariate analysis and logistic regression, with significance set at P < 0.05.

Results:
Compared with non-HH patients, patients with HH had higher rates of stiffness at 2 and 5 years after THA (all, P < 0.001), as well as higher rates of aseptic loosening at 5 years after TKA (P = 0.036). However, patients with HH undergoing THA and TKA had no notable difference in 90-day postoperative complications when compared with non-HH patients.

Discussion:
Compared with non-HH patients, patients with HH undergoing TJA were shown to have worse 2- and 5-year surgical outcomes, without any increased risk of 90-day medical complications. These findings may be useful for surgical decision making for patients with HH undergoing TJA.

Clinical Relevance:
This study addresses a paucity in the current literature concerning the complication profile in HH patients with destructive joint arthropathy undergoing joint arthroplasty surgery.
PRODUÇÃO DE TRABALHOS DE CONCLUSÃO NA RESIDÊNCIA INTEGRADA EM SAÚDE: ATENÇÃO BÁSICA EM SAÚDE, 2002 A 2015
Authors: Rossoni Eloá , Martinez Juliane Cristina Silva de Azevedo 
Published: December 2021

As residências em saúde são uma modalidade de ensino lato sensu desenvolvido predominantemente por meio de atividades práticas dentro de serviços de saúde acompanhada de atividades de reflexão teórica e teórico-prática durante no mínimo dois anos com carga horária de 5760 horas. A legislação nacional das residências em saúde orienta que, no primeiro ano do programa, o residente deve desenvolver um projeto de pesquisa que será executado no segundo ano a fim de possibilitar a apresentação escrita e oral de Trabalhos de Conclusão da Residência (TCRs). O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os TCRs da Residência Integrada em Saúde: Atenção Básica da Escola de Saúde Pública do Rio Grande do Sul (ESP/RS), no período de 2002 a 2015, a fim de categorizá-los quanto às subáreas da Saúde Coletiva, temáticas e aos eixos do quadrilátero da formação em saúde. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa documental nos registros institucionais. A partir dos títulos dos trabalhos e nomes dos autores sucedeu-se a consulta em base de dados do Centro de Informações e Documentação em Saúde (CEIDS) da ESP/RS, da BIREME e do currículo pela Plataforma Lattes dos egressos, para a localização do trabalho na íntegra, seu resumo ou sua publicação. Foram encontrados 262 TCRs. Observou-se uma maior produção científica na subárea da Epidemiologia (42%), seguida de Ciências Sociais e Humanas (30%) e Gestão, Planejamento e Políticas de Saúde (28%). Houve aumento de TCRs dos residentes de Odontologia na subárea Ciências Sociais e Humanas, nos últimos dez anos, quando comparado aos quatro anos iniciais. Apenas um quarto dos TCRs deste período encontravam-se publicizados, o que aponta para uma necessidade de estratégias que ampliem a divulgação.Palavras-chave: Internato e Residência. Avaliação da Pesquisa em Saúde. Formação Profissional em Saúde. Atenção Primária à Saúde.