bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Era Vargas:
Authors: De Moraes Wallace 
Published: December 2021

Recebido: 17/11/2020
Aprovado: 05/12/2020
Em tempos de retiradas de direitos trabalhistas no Brasil, entendemos que é de fundamental importância resgatar os princípios norteadores que fizeram com que se criasse uma atmosfera favorável para exigências por garantias sociais laborais. O objetivo deste paper é, portanto, colaborar para uma interpretação da Era Vargas em um pilar de grandes lutas sociais que resultaram na criação da CLT. Ademais, é importante destacar que o governo Vargas trabalhou muito mais para garantir os interesses dos empresários do que dos trabalhadores. Por isso, o entendemos como um governo plutocrático. Simultaneamente, foi um governo corporativista estatal em função da centralização do poder em suas mãos e por impor uma organização sindical controlada pelo Estado aos trabalhadores. Nestes termos, reconhecemos a Era Vargas como uma Plutocracia Corporativista Estatal.
Palavras-chave: História do Brasil; Corporativismo estatal; História dos direitos trabalhistas.
Left Ventricular Flow Distribution as a Novel Flow Biomarker in Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Kim Hansuk , Sheitt Hana , Wilton Stephen B. , White James A. , Garcia Julio 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Four-dimensional (4-D) flow cardiac magnetic resonance imaging can be used to elegantly describe the hemodynamic efficiency of left ventricular (LV) flow throughout the cardiac cycle. Patients with nonvalvular paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) may have occult LV disease. Flow distribution analysis, based on 4-D flow, may unmask the presence of LV disease by assessing flow components: direct flow, retained flow, delayed ejection, and residual volume. This study aimed to identify LV hemodynamic inefficiencies in patients with PAF and normal systolic function. We hypothesized that the fraction of direct flow to the total end-diastolic volume would be reduced in patients with PAF compared with controls.Methods: We used 4-D LV flow component analysis to compare hemodynamics in 30 healthy controls and 50 PAF patients in sinus rhythm.Results: PAF subjects and healthy controls had similar LV mass, volume, and ejection fraction. Direct flow was lower in the PAF group than in the controls (44.5 ± 11.2% vs. 50.0 ± 12.2%, p = 0.042) while delayed ejection was higher in the PAF group (21.6 ± 5.6% vs. 18.6 ± 5.7%, p = 0.022).Conclusion: PAF patients demonstrated a relative reduction in direct flow and elevation in delayed ejection.
Nanofibrous PEDOT-Carbon Composite on Flexible Probes for Soft Neural Interfacing
Authors: Vajrala Venkata Suresh , Saunier Valentin , Nowak Lionel G. , Flahaut Emmanuel , Bergaud Christian , Maziz Ali 
Published: December 2021

In this study, we report a flexible implantable 4-channel microelectrode probe coated with highly porous and robust nanocomposite of poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and carbon nanofiber (CNF) as a solid doping template for high-performance in vivo neuronal recording and stimulation. A simple yet well-controlled deposition strategy was developed via in situ electrochemical polymerization technique to create a porous network of PEDOT and CNFs on a flexible 4-channel gold microelectrode probe. Different morphological and electrochemical characterizations showed that they exhibit remarkable and superior electrochemical properties, yielding microelectrodes combining high surface area, low impedance (16.8 ± 2 MΩ µm2 at 1 kHz) and elevated charge injection capabilities (7.6 ± 1.3 mC/cm2) that exceed those of pure and composite PEDOT layers. In addition, the PEDOT-CNF composite electrode exhibited extended biphasic charge cycle endurance and excellent performance under accelerated lifetime testing, resulting in a negligible physical delamination and/or degradation for long periods of electrical stimulation. In vitro testing on mouse brain slices showed that they can record spontaneous oscillatory field potentials as well as single-unit action potentials and allow to safely deliver electrical stimulation for evoking field potentials. The combined superior electrical properties, durability and 3D microstructure topology of the PEDOT-CNF composite electrodes demonstrate outstanding potential for developing future neural surface interfacing applications.
The Femoral Tunnel Drilling Angle at 45° Coronal and 45° Sagittal Provided the Lowest Peak Stress and Strain on the Bone Tunnels and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Graft
Authors: Cheng Rongshan , Wang Huizhi , Jiang Ziang , Dimitriou Dimitris , Cheng Cheng-Kung , Tsai Tsung-Yuan 
Published: December 2021

Purpose: The aims of this study were to 1) investigate the effects of femoral drilling angle in coronal and sagittal planes on the stress and strain distribution around the femoral and tibial tunnel entrance and the stress distribution on the graft, following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), 2) identify the optimal femoral drilling angle to reduce the risk of the tunnel enlargement and graft failure.Methods: A validated three-dimensional (3D) finite element model of a healthy right cadaveric knee was used to simulate an anatomic ACLR with the anteromedial (AM) portal technique. Combined loading of 103.0 N anterior tibial load, 7.5 Nm internal rotation moment, and 6.9 Nm valgus moment during normal human walking at joint flexion of 20° was applied to the ACLR knee models using different tunnel angles (30°/45°/60° and 45°/60° in the coronal and sagittal planes, respectively). The distribution of von Mises stress and strain around the tunnel entrances and the graft was calculated and compared among the different finite element ACLR models with varying femoral drilling angles.Results: With an increasing coronal obliquity drilling angle (30° to 60°), the peak stress and maximum strain on the femoral and tibial tunnel decreased from 30° to 45° and increased from 45° to 60°, respectively. With an increasing sagittal obliquity drilling angle (45° to 60°), the peak stress and the maximum strain on the bone tunnels increased. The lowest peak stress and maximum strain at the ACL tunnels were observed at 45° coronal/45° sagittal drilling angle (7.5 MPa and 7,568.3 μ-strain at the femoral tunnel entrance, and 4.0 MPa and 4,128.7 μ-strain at the tibial tunnel entrance). The lowest peak stress on the ACL graft occurred at 45° coronal/45° sagittal (27.8 MPa) drilling angle.Conclusions: The femoral tunnel drilling angle could affect both the stress and strain distribution on the femoral tunnel, tibial tunnel, and graft. A femoral tunnel drilling angle of 45° coronal/ 45° sagittal demonstrated the lowest peak stress, maximum strain on the femoral and tibial tunnel entrance, and the lowest peak stress on the ACL graft.
Development and Validation of a Robust Ferroptosis-Related Gene Panel for Breast Cancer Disease-Specific Survival
Authors: Li Pei , Yang Benlong , Xiu Bingqiu , Chi Yayun , Xue Jingyan , Wu Jiong 
Published: December 2021

Background: New biomarker combinations have been increasingly developed to improve the precision of current diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. Recently, researchers have found that tumor cells are more vulnerable to ferroptosis. Furthermore, ferroptosis-related genes (FRG) are promising therapeutic targets in breast cancer patients. Therefore, this study aimed to identify FRG that could predict disease-specific survival (DSS) in breast cancer patients.Methods: Gene expression matrix and clinical data were downloaded from public databases. We included 960, 1,900, and 234 patients from the TCGA, METABRIC, and GSE3494 cohorts, respectively. Data for FRG were downloaded from the FerrDb website. Differential expression of FRG was analyzed by comparing the tumors with adjacent normal tissues. Univariate Cox analysis of DSS was performed to identify prognostic FRG. The TCGA-BRCA cohort was used to generate a nine-gene panel with the LASSO cox regression. The METABRIC and GSE3494 cohorts were used to validate the panel. The panel’s median cut-off value was used to divide the patients into high- or low-risk subgroups. Analyses of immune microenvironment, functional pathways, and clinical correlation were conducted via GO and KEGG analyses to determine the differences between the two subgroups.Results: The DSS of the low-risk subgroup was longer than that of the high-risk subgroup. The panel’s predictive ability was confirmed by ROC curves (TCGA cohort AUC values were 0.806, 0.695, and 0.669 for 2, 3, and 5 years respectively, and the METABRIC cohort AUC values were 0.706, 0.734, and 0.7, respectively for the same periods). The panel was an independent DSS prognostic indicator in the Cox regression analyses. (TCGA cohort: HR = 3.51, 95% CI = 1.792–6.875, p &lt; 0.001; METABRIC cohort: HR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.283–2.413, p &lt; 0.001). Immune-related pathways were enriched in the high-risk subgroup. The two subgroups that were stratified by the nine-gene panel were also associated with histology type, tumor grade, TNM stage, and Her2-positive and TNBC subtypes. The patients in the high-risk subgroup, whose CTLA4 and PD-1 statuses were both positive or negative, demonstrated a substantial clinical benefit from combination therapy with anti-CTLA4 and anti-PD-1.Conclusion: The new gene panel consisting of nine FRG may be used to assess the prognosis and immune status of patients with breast cancer. A precise therapeutic approach can also be possible with risk stratification.
A Functional SNP in the Promoter of LBX1 Is Associated With the Development of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Through Involvement in the Myogenesis of Paraspinal Muscles
Authors: Xu Leilei , Feng Zhenhua , Dai Zhicheng , Lee Wayne Y. W. , Wu Zhichong , Liu Zhen , Sun Xu , Tang Nelson , Cheng Jack Chun-Yiu , Qiu Yong , Zhu Zezhang 
Published: December 2021

Previous studies have shown that LBX1 is associated with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) in multiple populations. For the first time, rs1322330 located in the putative promoter region of LBX1 was found significantly associated with AIS in the Chinese population [p = 6.08 × 10–14, odds ratio (OR) = 1.42, 95% confidence interval of 1.03–1.55]. Moreover, the luciferase assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay supported that the allele A of rs1322330 could down-regulate the expression of LBX1 in the paraspinal muscles of AIS. In addition, silencing LBX1 in the myosatellite cells resulted in significantly inhibited cell viability and myotube formation, which supported an essential role of LBX1 in muscle development of AIS. To summarize, rs1322330 may be a novel functional SNP regulating the expression of LBX1, which was involved in the etiology of AIS possibly via regulation of myogenesis in the paraspinal muscles.
Regeneration of Planarian Auricles and Reestablishment of Chemotactic Ability
Authors: Almazan Eugene Matthew P. , Ryan Joseph F. , Rouhana Labib 
Published: December 2021

Detection of chemical stimuli is crucial for living systems and also contributes to quality of life in humans. Since loss of olfaction becomes more prevalent with aging, longer life expectancies have fueled interest in understanding the molecular mechanisms behind the development and maintenance of chemical sensing. Planarian flatworms possess an unsurpassed ability for stem cell-driven regeneration that allows them to restore any damaged or removed part of their bodies. This includes anteriorly-positioned lateral flaps known as auricles, which have long been thought to play a central role in chemotaxis. The contribution of auricles to the detection of positive chemical stimuli was tested in this study usingGirardia dorotocephala, a North American planarian species known for its morphologically prominent auricles. Behavioral experiments staged under laboratory conditions revealed that removal of auricles by amputation leads to a significant decrease in the ability of planarians to find food. However, full chemotactic capacity is observed as early as 2 days post-amputation, which is days prior from restoration of auricle morphology, but correlative with accumulation of ciliated cells in the position of auricle regeneration. Planarians subjected to x-ray irradiation prior to auricle amputation were unable to restore auricle morphology, but were still able to restore chemotactic capacity. These results indicate that although regeneration of auricle morphology requires stem cells, some restoration of chemotactic ability can still be achieved in the absence of normal auricle morphology, corroborating with the initial observation that chemotactic success is reestablished 2-days post-amputation in our assays. Transcriptome profiles of excised auricles were obtained to facilitate molecular characterization of these structures, as well as the identification of genes that contribute to chemotaxis and auricle development. A significant overlap was found between genes with preferential expression in auricles ofG. dorotocephalaand genes with reduced expression uponSoxB1knockdown inSchmidtea mediterranea, suggesting thatSoxB1has a conserved role in regulating auricle development and function. Models that distinguish between possible contributions to chemotactic behavior obtained from cellular composition, as compared to anatomical morphology of the auricles, are discussed.
RETRACTED: Taguchi-Assisted Optimization Technique and Density Functional Theory for Green Synthesis of a Novel Cu-MOF Derived From Caffeic Acid and Its Anticancerious Activities
Authors: Zeraati Malihe , Mohammadi Ali , Vafaei Somayeh , Chauhan Narendra Pal Singh , Sargazi Ghasem 
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we have reported an innovative greener method for developing copper-metal organic frameworks (Cu-MOFs) using caffeic acid (CA) as a linker extracted from Satureja hortensis using ultrasonic bath. The density functional theory is used to discuss the Cu-MOF-binding reaction mechanism. In order to achieve a discrepancy between the energy levels of the interactive precursor orbitals, the molecules have been optimized using the B3LYP/6–31G method. The Taguchi method was used to optimize the key parameters for the synthesis of Cu-MOF. FT-IR, XRD, nitrogen adsorption, and SEM analyses are used to characterize it. The adsorption/desorption and SEM analyses suggested that Cu-MOF has a larger surface area of 284.94 m2/g with high porosity. Cu-MOF has shown anticancer activities against the human breast cancer (MDA-MB-468) cell lines, and it could be a potent candidate for clinical applications.
Targeted On-Demand Screening of Pesticide Panel in Soil Runoff
Authors: Dhamu Vikram Narayanan , Sukumar Suhashine , Kadambathil Crisvin Sajee , Muthukumar Sriram , Prasad Shalini 
Published: December 2021

Using pesticides is a common agricultural and horticultural practice to serve as a control against weeds, fungi, and insects in plant systems. The application of these chemical agents is usually by spraying them on the crop or plant. However, this methodology is not highly directional, and so only a fraction of the pesticide actually adsorbs onto the plant, and the rest seeps through into the soil base contaminating its composition and eventually leaching into groundwater sources. Electrochemical sensors which are more practical for in situ analysis used for pesticide detection in soil runoff systems are still in dearth, while the ones published in the literature are attributed with complex sensor modification/functionalization and preprocessing of samples. Hence, in this work, we present a highly intuitive electroanalytical sensor approach toward rapid (10 min), on-demand screening of commonly used pesticides—glyphosate and atrazine—in soil runoff. The proposed sensor functions based on the affinity biosensing mechanism driven via thiol cross-linker and antibody receptors that holistically behaves as a recognition immunoassay stack that is specific and sensitive to track test pesticide analytes. Then, this developed sensor is integrated further to create a pesticide-sensing ecosystem using a front-end field-deployable smart device. The method put forward in this work is compared and validated against a standard laboratory potentiostat instrument to determine efficacy, feasibility, and robustness for a point-of-use (PoU) setting yielding LoD levels of 0.001 ng/ml for atrazine and 1 ng/ml for glyphosate. Also, the ML model integration resulted in an accurate prediction rate of ≈80% in real soil samples. Therefore, a universal pesticide screening analytical device is designed, fabricated, and tested for pesticide assessment in real soil runoff samples.
Distinct Microbial Communities in Dilated Cardiomyopathy Explanted Hearts Are Associated With Different Myocardial Rejection Outcomes
Authors: Pereira Jaqueline de Jesus , Ikegami Renata Nishiyama , Kawakami Joyce Tiyeko , Garavelo Shérrira Menezes , Reis Marcia Martins , Palomino Suely Aparecida Pinheiro , Mangini Sandrigo , Moreno Camila Rodrigues , Barros Samar Freschi de , Souza Aline Rodrigues , Higuchi Maria de Lourdes 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundIdiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM) myocardial inflammation may be associated with external triggering factors such as infectious agents. Here, we searched if moderate/severe heart transplantation rejection is related to the presence of myocardial inflammation in IDCM explanted hearts, associated with microbial communities.MethodReceptor myocardial samples from 18 explanted hearts were separated into groups according to post-transplant outcome: persistent moderate rejection (PMR; n = 6), moderate rejection (MR; n = 7) that regressed after pulse therapy, and no rejection (NR; n = 5)/light intensity rejection. Inflammation was quantified through immunohistochemistry (IHC), and infectious agents were evaluated by IHC, molecular biology, in situ hybridization technique, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).ResultsNR presented lower numbers of macrophages, as well as B cells (p = 0.0001), and higher HLA class II expression (p ≤ 0.0001). PMR and MR showed higher levels of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (p = 0.003) and hepatitis B core (p = 0.0009) antigens. NR presented higher levels of parvovirus B19 (PVB19) and human herpes virus 6 (HHV6) and a positive correlation between Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) and enterovirus genes. Molecular biology demonstrated the presence of M. pneumoniae, Bb, HHV6, and PVB19 genes in all studied groups. TEM revealed structures compatible with the cited microorganisms.ConclusionsThis initial study investigating on infectious agents and inflammation in the IDCM explanted hearts showed that the association between M. pneumoniae and hepatitis B core was associated with a worse outcome after HT, represented by MR and PMR, suggesting that different IDCM microbial communities may be contributing to post-transplant myocardial rejection.
Biocatalytic Reductive Amination by Native Amine Dehydrogenases to Access Short Chiral Alkyl Amines and Amino Alcohols
Authors: Ducrot Laurine , Bennett Megan , Caparco Adam A. , Champion Julie A. , Bommarius Andreas S. , Zaparucha Anne , Grogan Gideon , Vergne-Vaxelaire Carine 
Published: December 2021

Small optically active molecules, and more particularly short-chain chiral amines, are key compounds in the chemical industry and precursors of various pharmaceuticals. Their chemo-biocatalytic production on a commercial scale is already established, mainly through lipase-catalyzed resolutions leading to ChiPros™ products among others. Nevertheless, their biocatalytic synthesis remains challenging for very short-chain C4 to C5 amines due to low enantiomeric excess. To complement the possibilities recently offered by transaminases, this work describes alternative biocatalytic access using amine dehydrogenases (AmDHs). Without any protein engineering, some of the already described wild-type AmDHs (CfusAmDH, MsmeAmDH, MicroAmDH, and MATOUAmDH2) were shown to be efficient for the synthesis of hydroxylated or unfunctionalized small 2-aminoalkanes. Conversions up to 97.1% were reached at 50 mM, and moderate to high enantioselectivities were obtained, especially for (S)-1-methoxypropan-2-amine (98.1%), (S)-3-aminobutan-1-ol (99.5%), (3S)-3-aminobutan-2-ol (99.4%), and the small (S)-butan-2-amine (93.6%) with MsmeAmDH. Semi-preparative scale-up experiments were successfully performed at 150 mM substrate concentrations for the synthesis of (S)-butan-2-amine and (S)-1-methoxypropan-2-amine, the latter known as “(S)-MOIPA”. Modeling studies provided some preliminary results explaining the basis for the challenging discrimination between similarly sized substituents in the active sites of these enzymes.
Perceptions of the Cardiologists and Oncologists: Initial Step for Establishing Cardio-Oncology Service
Authors: Farhan Hasan Ali , Yaseen Israa Fadhil 
Published: December 2021

Background: Over the last years, there was no established cardio-oncology service in Iraq and no firm data about the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among patients with cancer. As an initial step, we decided to conduct a national cardio-oncology online survey for cardiologists, oncologists, and their residents which would help us to understand the expected prevalence, problems, and readiness for collaboration between the two specialties.Objectives: For evaluating the current national practice in the cardiology and oncology specialty fields and to identify the hidden gaps associated with the development or worsening of CVD among patients with cancer.Methods: An online survey including 19-question for cardiologists/cardiology residents (CCRs) and 30-question for oncologists/oncology residents (OORs) about cardio-oncology service was sent to them including all Iraqi cities using Google document form during December 2020.Results: The total number of responses was 164, mainly 62.2% from CCRs while 37.8% from OORs. Hypertension was the main baseline risk factor (71%). A 77.5% of CCRs prescribe cardiovascular drugs vs. 35.5% by OORs. About 76.5% of CCRs and 79% of OORs are facing difficulties in the management of patients with cancer with established CVD. CVD was the leading cause of both hospitalization (30.7%) and mortality (48.4%). About 62.8% of CCRs and 64.5% of OORs have an interest to work in cardio-oncology service.Conclusion: Based on the perception of cardiologists and oncologists, CVD is the main cause of hospitalization and mortality among patients with cancer. High interest among CCRs and OORs to work in cardio-oncology service. Positive initiatives are available to take the action plan in this emerging field.