bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relational Sanctity as a Contributor to Forgiveness: Dyadic Data From Older African American Couples
Authors: Skipper Antonius , Rose Andrew , Reeves Alex , Joiner Jhazzmyn , Jones Ethan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Although research finds that healthy romantic relationships can provide several benefits in older adulthood, few studies examine the relational characteristics of older African American couples. Further, despite positive associations between religiosity and age, particularly among African Americans, a dearth of dyadic data consider the importance of religious constructs within the relationships of older African Americans. To address this gap, this study utilized dyadic data from the Strong African American Couples Project to examine the interconnection between relational sanctity and forgiveness among married and cohabiting older African American couples. A total of 194 African American couples (146 married and 48 cohabiting) aged 50 to 86 years were included in the analysis, and Actor Partner Independence Models were used to test the relational effects of sanctity and forgiveness. Findings revealed that no significant effects existed when women’s relational sanctity was the predictor variable. However, men’s relational sanctity had a significant positive association with both his own forgiveness of his partner and his perception of his partner’s forgiveness. These findings have valuable implications for professionals engaging older African American couples. First, this study helps to counter the often deficit-focused literature on African American couples by highlighting the potentially stabilizing influence of viewing one’s relationship as sacred. Second, this study offers a rare glimpse into the aspects of men’s religiosity that may be more consequential than women’s. Both practitioners and clergy could use this information to inform counseling efforts that seek to build on the strengths of married and cohabiting older African American couples.
Religiosity and Perceived Social Support Enhance Older Adults’ Resilience after the 2016 Flood
Authors: Cherry Katie , Calamia Matthew , Elliott Emily , Cantelli Angelina 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In 2016, catastrophic flooding destroyed homes and property across south Louisiana. This study is part of a larger program of research that addresses the role of prior hurricane and flood experiences on current health and well-being in later life. Participants were predominately middle-aged and older adults who varied in current and prior severe weather experiences (M age=49.6 years, age range 18-88 years). All were tested during the immediate aftermath of the 2016 flood (Wave 1; N=223) and most participated in a follow-up assessment 9 (+/- 3) months later (Wave 2; N=202). Cherry et al. (2021) reported that greater flood stressors at Wave 1, such as displacement, flood-related losses, and damage to homes and property, were associated with more symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In this study, we tested the hypothesis that age, religiosity, and perceived social support would be positively associated with post-flood resilience at the Wave 2 follow-up. Results indicated that age was positively associated with religiosity and resilience, and negatively correlated with symptoms of PTSD. Additionally, faith community involvement, non-organizational religiosity, and religious beliefs and practices were all significantly correlated with post-flood resilience. Perceived social support was positively associated with resilience, and inversely correlated with PTSD symptoms. These data suggest that religiosity and perceived social support are valuable resources that foster post-disaster resilience among middle aged and older adults. Implications of these data for current views on age-related strengths and vulnerabilities after severe weather events are discussed.
Changing Family Relationships During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Case of Elder Abuse
Authors: Yan Elsie , Lai Daniel , Lee Vincent 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Since the first confirmed case being identified in January 2020, authorities in Hong Kong have implemented various measures in an attempt to control the spread of the disease. These measures include compulsory quarantining of infected persons and those suspected of exposure, temporary closure of high-risk premises, and suspension of public activities and services, encouraging work-from-home arrangement etc. These measures, however, may exacerbate the impact of known risk factors and create new avenues for elder mistreatment. Life stress, financial strains and work-from-home arrangements increase chances of family conflicts, cessation of public services increases burden in the already stressed caregivers. This study examines the changing intergenerational family relations in the midst of the pandemic. A total of 1200 community dwelling senior citizens participated through responding to a telephone survey. Information was collected on participants’ demographic characteristics, perceived disruptions brought about by COVID-19, family relations, physical and mental health, etc. Family conflicts and abuse were commonly reported: 27.8% reported family conflicts, 14.5% psychological abuse, 3.1% physical abuse, 3.9% financial abuse. A large proportion of participants (41.8%), however, also reported improved family relations during the pandemic. Results of logistic regression indicate that advanced age, female gender, poor financial situation were significant predictors for family conflicts and abuse. Contrary to our expectations, pandemic related disruptions in daily lives and perceived safety in the community were not associated in family conflicts and abuse in the present sample.
The Impact of Health Literacy and Religiosity on Attitudes Towards Physician-Assisted Death
Authors: Albright Amy , Tutek Joshua , Allen Rebecca 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The aim of the current study was to examine the relationship between functional health literacy and religiosity regarding attitudes towards physician-assisted death (PAD). Of participants, the majority were female (62.6%) and non-Hispanic White (79.6%), and ages ranged from 19 to 83 (M = 37.81, SD = 12.55). As measured by the Newest Vital Sign, 82.6% (n = 219) of individuals within the current sample had adequate functional health literacy, while 10.6% (n = 28) scored within the “possibly limited” range, and 6.8% (n = 18) scored within the “highly limited” range. There was a positive association between religiosity and age (r = .21, p &lt; .001), and older participants were more likely to endorse religious beliefs and/or activities. There was a significant association between greater acceptance of attitudes towards PAD and functional health literacy (r = .17, p &lt; .01), indicating that those with higher health literacy have more positive attitudes towards PAD. There was no significant association between attitudes towards PAD and age (r = -.02, p &gt; .05) or education (r = -.05, p &gt; .05). Similarly, attitudes did not differ by gender (t (256) = -.66, p &gt; .05) or by race/ethnicity, (F(5, 253) = .73, p &gt; .05). Of note, functional health literacy may be particularly important to monitor in this context, as several studies (i.e., Kobayashi et al., 2015) have shown that health literacy may decrease with mild cognitive impairment and may therefore provide important information regarding older adults with this condition.
Effect of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic on Technology Use: In-Person versus Video-Chat Communication
Authors: Hubner Sarah , Swanson Alex , Chataut Akankshya , Kotopka Stephen , Manley Natalie , Shade Marcia , Boron Julie Blaskewicz 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
COVID-19 risk-reduction efforts have protected high-risk individuals (including older adults) but have significantly altered life; persons now face reduced socialization. Advancing technologies (e.g., video-chat) may be useful in alleviating consequences of risk-reduction efforts, including loneliness, by improving access to alternative connection/communication across the lifespan. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between technology use and individuals as this may contribute to well-being among older adults during COVID-19 and future isolating events. Participants (N=652) aged 19+ completed a questionnaire via Amazon Mechanical Turk; demographic, socialization, and technology-use data were collected. Respondents (MAge=45.15±15.81) were generally male (50.1%) and white (77.3%). In-person communication and video-chat were analyzed descriptively and with binary regressions. Results of a Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks Test indicated that video-chat (mean rank=228.45) was reported at higher frequency of use versus in-person conversations (mean-rank=202.48), Z=-4.8,p&lt;.001). Additionally, being female positively predicted use of video chat (B=0.42,p&lt;.05) while increasing age negatively predicted use (B=-0.01,p&lt;.05). Regression results suggest that populations reporting higher video-chat communication (e.g., females, younger adults) may be motivated by maintaining social connectedness despite distancing and/or are committed to healthy behaviors, increasing aversion to in-person experiences. In contrast, it may be that persons reporting low video-chat use (e.g., males, older adults) may be less interested in distanced communication or may have lower technology comfort/access. Notably, sampling bias may influence results as data was collected online; future investigation is warranted. Ultimately, understanding interest in and barriers to using technology is vital to developing systems/services which support connection/communication when in-person contact is limited.
The Association between the Types of Exercise Motivation and Social Presence about Gerontechnology
Authors: Song Si Young , Jung Inhye , Kang Miseon , Kim Kwang Joon , Kim DaeEun , Jun Hey Jung 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the types of exercise motivation and examine the association between the types of exercise motivation and social presence about exercise-related gerontechnology among Korean young-olds. In this study, social presence about gerontechnology implies the degree of perception of a robot that helps exercise functions as human-like socially interacting entities (Heerink, 2010). Online survey data collected from the Korean older adults over the age of 65 in February 2021 was used, and the subjects of this study were 154 young-olds aged 65 to 74 who exercise regularly. Latent class analysis (LCA) was conducted to classify the types of exercise motivation, followed by multiple regression analysis. As a result of LCA, the types of exercise motivation was classified with two groups. These groups were named ‘for pleasure and leisure (PL, 77.2%)’ and ‘for maintenance of health (MH, 22.8%)’, respectively. The result of multiple regression showed that compared to the second group (MH), the social presence about gerontechnology was high for the first group (PL) after controlling age, gender, education level, marital status, household income and chronic disease. These results indicate the Korean young-olds’ exercise motivation may vary and expectations for social presence toward exercise-related gerontechnology differ depending on the exercise motivation. To date, the importance of social presence in gerontechnology has tended to be emphasized mainly in the care field. This study suggests that exercise-related gerontechnology devices also need to consider the aspect of social presence especially for young-olds who exercise for pleasure and leisure.
Incidence and Risk Factors of Elder Mistreatment in the Community: A Longitudinal Population-Based Study
Authors: Burnes David , Hancock David , Eckenrode John , Lachs Mark , Pillemer Karl 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Prior population-based elder mistreatment (EM) risk factor research has focused on problem prevalence using cross-sectional designs, which cannot make causal inferences between proposed risk factors and EM or discern existing cases from new cases entering the population. This study sought to estimate the incidence of EM and identify risk factors for new cases. It is a ten-year prospective, population-based cohort study with data collected between 2009 (Wave 1) and 2019 (Wave 2). Based on Wave 1 random, stratified sampling to recruit English/Spanish-speaking, cognitively intact, community-dwelling older adults (age ≥ 60) across New York State, this study conducted computer assisted telephone interviews (CATI) with 628 respondents participating in both Wave 1 and Wave 2 interviews (response rate=60.7%). Ten-year EM incidence was regressed on factors related to physical vulnerability, living arrangement, and socio-cultural characteristics using logistic regression. Ten-year incidence rates included overall EM (11.4%), financial abuse (8.5%), emotional abuse (4.1%), physical abuse (2.3%), and neglect (1.0%). Poor self-rated health at Wave 1 significantly predicted increased risk of new Wave 2 overall EM (odds ratio [OR]=2.8), emotional abuse (OR=3.67), physical abuse (OR=4.21), and financial abuse (OR=2.8). Black older adults were at significantly heightened risk of overall EM (OR=2.61), specifically financial abuse (OR=2.8). Change from co-residence (Wave 1) toward living alone (Wave 2) significantly predicted financial abuse (OR=2.74). Healthcare visits represent important opportunities to detect at-risk older adults. Race is highlighted as an important social determinant for EM requiring urgent attention. This study represents the first longitudinal, population-based EM incidence study.
A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Tailor Activity Program (TAP) for People with Dementia
Authors: Jeong Jiin , Yoo Eun-Young , Kang Byoung-Ho , Ha Yae-Na 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Ninety eight percent of people with dementia are accompanied by neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS). NPS is an important predictor of the negative prognosis of dementia. It also increases the burden on caregivers and lowers the quality of life. The tailored activity program (TAP), which is occupation-based intervention, have a positive effect on reducing NPS through meaningful activities. The aim of this study was to provide an integrated effectiveness of the TAP on NPS in people with dementia and caregiver burden through meta-analysis. We searched for studies that indicated the effectiveness of TAP through Embase, ProQuest, Pubmed, and RISS. We included a total of seven TAP studies written in Korean and English. Of these seven study designs, five were randomized control trials (RCTs) and two were one group non-RCTs. The result of meta-analysis shows that the effect size of the NPS was 0.62 (95% confidence interval [CI]=0.40-0.83, p&lt;0.001), the caregiver burden was 0.68 (95% CI=0.29-1.07, p=0.001). Both variables indicated moderate effect. These results indicate that the TAP is an effective intervention for reducing NPS of people with dementia and the burden of caregivers. Therefore, TAP is clinically useful approach, we expect TAP to be actively applied to people with dementia in the community.
Are Loneliness and Social Isolation Equal Threats to Health and Well-being? An Outcome Wide Longitudinal Approach
Authors: Henriksson Tatiana , Nakamura Julia , Kim Eric 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The detrimental effects of loneliness and social isolation on health and well-being outcomes are well documented. In response, governments, corporations, and community-based organizations have begun leveraging emerging tools to create interventions and policies aimed at reducing loneliness and social isolation at-scale. However, these efforts are frequently hampered by a key knowledge gap: when attempting to alleviate specific health and well-being outcomes, decision-makers are unsure whether to target loneliness, social isolation, or both. Participants (N=13,752) were from the Health and Retirement Study- a diverse nationally representative, and longitudinal sample of U.S. adults aged &gt; 50 years. We examined how changes in loneliness and social isolation over a 4-year follow-up period (from t0:2008/2010 to t1:2012/2014) were associated with 32 indicators of physical-, behavioral-, and psychosocial-health outcomes 4-years later (t2:2016/2018). We used, multiple logistic-, linear-, and generalized-linear regression models, and adjusted for sociodemographics, personality traits, pre-baseline levels of both exposures (loneliness and social isolation), and all outcomes (t0:2008/2010). After adjusting for a wide range of covariates, we observed that both loneliness and social isolation have similar effects on physical health outcomes and health behaviors, whereas loneliness is a stronger predictor of psychological outcomes. In particular, behavioral dimensions of the social isolation measure (i.e., participation in social/religious activities, social interaction frequency) were most strongly associated with the largest number of health and well-being outcomes, including all-cause mortality. Loneliness and social isolation have independent effects on various health and well-being outcomes, thus, should be distinct targets for interventions aimed at improving the health and well-being.
Comparisons of factors associated with suicidal ideation of older individuals by health status
Authors: Sung Hyeyeon , Na Jihun , Lee Sungkyu , Baek Sehyun 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study examined the factors associated with suicidal ideation among older individuals and compared those factors by their objective and subjective health status. Data were obtained from the 13th wave of the Korean Health Panel Survey in 2018. The sample of 6,283 older individuals, who are 55 years and older, was classified into four groups by their objective and subjective health status. Objective health status was measured by the number of chronic health conditions, and subjective health status was defined by an individual’s self-reported health status. To examine the factors associated with suicidal ideation among four groups of older individuals, logistic regression analyses were conducted after controlling for socio-demographic characteristics, physical health and mental health characteristics. The results show that depression and anxiety were found as common factors associated with suicidal ideation for all four groups. As for the group of older individuals who reported bad objective health and bad subjective health, younger age, being male, and low educational attainment were found to be associated suicidal ideation. For those with bad objective health regardless of their subjective health status, the level of stress was found to be related to suicidal ideation among older individuals. Based upon those results, the present study discussed practical and policy implications for suicide prevention among older individuals by reflecting their objective health and subjective health status.
Complementary and Integrative Health Approaches and Opioid Prescriptions Among Older Veterans With Chronic Pain
Authors: Han Ling , Goulet Joseph , Skanderson Melissa , Redd Doug , Brandt Cynthia , Zeng Qing 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Complementary and integrative health (CIH) approaches are recommended in national guidelines as viable options for managing chronic pain and de-prescribing opioids. We followed 1,993,455 Veterans with musculoskeletal disorders for two years who were not using opioids at study entry. CIH exposure was ascertained from primary care visits for acupuncture, massage and chiropractic care via natural language processing and structured data. Opioid prescriptions during the 2-year follow-up were abstracted from Veterans Health Administration (VHA) electronic pharmacy records. Propensity score (PS) was used to match CIH recipients with non-recipients with most comparable baseline characteristics. Overall, 140,902 (7.1%) Veterans received CIH, with a prevalence of 2.7% for Veterans aged ≥ 65y, comparing to 6.3% and 10.5% for those aged 50-64y and ≤ 49y, respectively. Among the 1:1 PS-matched sub-cohort (136,148 pairs), Cox proportional hazard model revealed that time to fill first opioid prescriptions was significantly longer for CIH recipients (mean: 587 days) than non-recipients (mean: 491 days), with adjusted Hazard Ratio of 0.48 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.45-0.51) for Veterans ≥ 65y, 0.44 (95% CI: (95% CI: 0.43-0.45) for 50-64y and 0.47 (95% CI: 0.46-0.48) for age ≤ 49y group (p value for interaction, 0.003). Sensitivity analyses among full cohort or modeling total supply of first opioid prescriptions derived consistent results. These findings suggest potential benefit of CIH use in delaying and reducing opioids prescriptions for patients with chronic pain and may have implication for older Veterans ≥ 65y who have been found less likely to seek CIH therapies than their younger counterparts.
Cultural Considerations to the Life Participation Approach in Aphasia:A Filipino Case Study
Authors: Ulatowska Hanna , Santos Tricia Olea , Cuadro Carla Krishan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Stroke is among the common causes of chronic disability (Feigin, 2014). Around one-third of stroke survivors are affected by aphasia, a communication disorder affecting the ability to comprehend and express oneself (Dickey, et. al., 2010). Culture is essential to understanding aphasia and providing person-centered care. Philippine cultural identity is reflected via respect for older persons, collectivism in family and community, and devotion to religion (Pe Pua & Protacio-Marcelino, 2000). The Filipino family is a primary support system, and cultural values directly influence caregiving approaches in chronic disability. This single case study examines the life of a Filipino man who has successfully lived with aphasia for over 25 years. Having finished a doctorate from Harvard University, served as the youngest University president, and member of the Philippine government, he suddenly had a stroke and was able to communicate only via single words, gestures, and facial expressions. His life is discussed in the context of the unique, multi-modal communication system which developed through the years with his family. Music and symbolism via watercolor paintings also define his aphasia journey. The value of religion in Filipino culture (Cruz, et. al., 2019) and its role in fostering positivity in his aphasia journey is examined. This study also highlights Filipino collectivism through the support of family and community in addressing communication needs and facilitating meaningful relationships at various stages in life. Cultural values deeply rooted in Filipino caregiving, such as debt of gratitude and filial devotion to parents (Enriquez, 1992), are discussed.