bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EMA Review of Isatuximab in Combination with Pomalidomide and Dexamethasone for the Treatment of Adult Patients with Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Delgado Julio , Zienowicz Malgorzata , Hennik Paula Boudewina , Moreau Alexandre , Gisselbrecht Christian , Enzmann Harald , Pignatti Francesco 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Isatuximab is a monoclonal antibody that binds to the human CD38 antigen. On May 30, 2020, a marketing authorization valid through the European Union (EU) was issued for isatuximab in combination with pomalidomide and dexamethasone (IsaPd) for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed and refractory (RR) multiple myeloma (MM). The recommended dose of isatuximab was 10 mg/kg, administered intravenously weekly at cycle 1 and then biweekly in subsequent 28-day cycles. Isatuximab was evaluated in a phase III, open-label, multicenter, randomized trial that randomly allocated IsaPd versus pomalidomide plus dexamethasone (Pd) to adult patients with RR MM. The primary endpoint of the trial was progression-free survival, as assessed by an independent review committee, which was superior for the IsaPd arm (hazard ratio, 0.596; 95% confidence interval, 0.436–0.814; p = .001) compared with the Pd arm. Treatment with IsaPd led to higher incidences of treatment-related adverse events (AEs), grade ≥ 3 AEs, and serious AEs compared with Pd treatment. Most frequently observed AEs that occurred more often in the IsaPd arm were infusion-related reactions, infections, respiratory AEs, neutropenia (including neutropenic complications), and thrombocytopenia. The aim of this article is to summarize the scientific review of the application leading to regulatory approval in the EU.

Implications for Practice
Isatuximab was approved in the European Union, in combination with pomalidomide and dexamethasone, for the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma who have already received therapy but whose disease did not respond or relapsed afterward. The addition of isatuximab resulted in a clinically meaningful and significant prolongation of the time from treatment initiation to further disease relapse or patient's death. The safety profile was considered acceptable, and the benefit-risk ratio was determined to be positive.
Long-Term Survival of Combined Hepatocellular-Cholangiocarcinoma: A Nationwide Study
Authors: Chen Po-Da , Chen Li-Ju , Chang Yao-Jen , Chang Yun-Jau 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundCombined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (HCC-CC) is an aggressive primary liver cancer. However, the clinical features are not clearly understood because of limited literature and the complex nature of both hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CC).MethodsThe records of 100,754 patients with newly diagnosed liver cancer between 2004 and 2013 were obtained from the Taiwan Cancer Registry. The primary outcome measures were overall survival and local recurrence-free survival. The median follow-up time was 60 months (29–120 months).ResultsHCC-CC tended to share some characteristics with HCC, including increased frequency of stage I cases, high individual tumor rates, and similar patterns of viral hepatitis B and hepatitis C infections. In contrast, HCC-CC showed malignant behavior similar to that of CC, as high-grade tumor cell differentiation and presentation of jaundice were predominant in HCC-CC and CC compared with HCC. Overall survival and local recurrence-free survival rates of HCC-CC were between HCC and CC rates. The mortality rate of HCC-CC was 79.2% (HCC, 77.5%; CC, 93.5%) and the local recurrence rate of HCC-CC was 65.3% (HCC, 74.6%; CC, 88.4%). Surgical treatment was an independent factor for the long-term prognosis of HCC-CC, whereas transarterial chemoembolization (TAcE) promoted survival in both surgical and nonsurgical groups.ConclusionOur data confirmed that, although it reflects the malignant behavior of CC, HCC-CC should mainly be characterized as a subtype of HCC. With careful selection of patients, curative resection and TAcE might benefit the survival of patients with HCC-CC.Implications for PracticeCombined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (HCC-CC) is a rare cancer that shares demographic characteristics, as well as survival probabilities, with both hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma. It occurs frequently in patients with hepatitis B virus infection, cirrhotic liver background, and early-stage disease. Compared with 20% of initial resection rates of its counterparts, HCC-CC has higher initial resection rate (55%). Although short-term overall survival is inferior to HCC, its long-term overall survival is similar with HCC.
Linear Multiselenium Interactions in Dicationic Oligomers of 1,5‐(Diselena)canes: Behavior of Semc σ(mcc‐nee) (6≤mc≤16) Elucidated with QTAIM Dual Functional Analysis
Authors: Hayashi Satoko , Nishide Taro , Nagata Kengo , Nakanishi Waro 
Published: July 2021

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture is the group of Dr. Satoko Hayashi at Faculty of Systems Engineering and Chemistry at Wakayama University. The cover picture shows the linear Se16 σ(16c–30e) interactions, illustrated by the molecular graph type on the optimized structure of the dicationic octamer of 1,5‐(diselena)cane. HOMO‐1 of ψ462 is drawn on the structure, which is located predominantly on the Se atoms. The optimized structure is stable, due to the nice engagement between the (CH2)3 moieties. The contour maps of ρ(r) are also drawn on the molecular Cs planes of the dicationic dimer and trimer to demonstrate clearly the existence of the interactions between Se atoms. Read the full text of their Full Paper at 10.1002/open.202100017.
Dilated ascending aorta in the fetus
Authors: Dumitrascu‐Biris Ioana , Zidere Vita , Vigneswaran Trisha , Charakida Marietta , Mathur Sujeev , Kametas Nick , Simpson John 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionPrenatal recognition of dilated aortic root is extremely rare and there are significant challenges in counselling these patients. The primary aim of this case series is to describe the prevalence, associations and outcome of dilated ascending aorta diagnosed during fetal life.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study from two tertiary fetal cardiology centres. Dilated ascending aorta was defined as gestation‐specific standard deviation > 1.96 at some point during gestation.ResultsSixteen infants were live born and underwent postnatal echocardiography. Prenatally suspected bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) (n = 6) was confirmed in 5 cases (83%) postnatally. Thirteen children have been followed up for a period of minimum one year. No connective tissue disease was found.ConclusionsPrenatal dilated ascending aorta is a rare finding (0.06%). It is associated with BAV in 37% of cases and extracardiac abnormalities in 15.7%. Nuchal translucency measurement was >3.5 in 13% of cases. Connective tissue disease was not diagnosed postnatally. This is the largest prenatal cohort with dilated ascending aorta and postnatal outcomes to date. We showed a postnatal persistence of ascending aortic dilatation in 43% of babies. In the absence of extra‐cardiac abnormalities, medium term outcome appears good but postnatal surveillance of aortic dilation is required.
Life cycle energy demand and carbon emissions of scalable single‐junction and tandem perovskite PV
Authors: Leccisi Enrica , Fthenakis Vasilis 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPerovskite photovoltaics reached record efficiencies in the laboratory, and if sustainably commercialized, they would accelerate a green energy transition. This article presents the development of life cycle inventory material and energy databases of four most promising single‐junction and three tandem scalable perovskite systems with assumptions regarding scalable production validated by industry experts. We conducted comprehensive “ex ante” life cycle analysis (LCA) and net energy analysis, analyzing their cumulative energy demand, global warming potential profiles, energy payback times, and energy return on investment (EROI). LCA contribution analysis elucidates the most impactful material and process choices. It shows that solution‐based perovskite manufacturing would have lower environmental impact than vapor‐based methods, and that roll‐to‐roll (RtR) printing offers the lowest impact. Among material choices, MoOx/Al has lower impact than Ag, and fluorine‐tin‐oxide lower than indium‐tin‐oxide. Furthermore, we compare perovskites with commercial crystalline‐silicon and thin‐film PV, accounting for the most recent developments in crystalline‐Si wafer production and differences in life expectancies and efficiencies. It is shown that perovskite systems produced with RtR manufacturing could reach in only 12 years of life, the same EROI as that of single‐crystalline‐Si PV lasting 30 years. This work lays a foundation for sustainability investigations of perovskite large‐scale deployment.
Quantenlogik‐Uhren
Authors: Schmidt Piet O. 
Published: July 2021

ZusammenfassungAtome sind durch Laserkühlung so gut kontrollierbar, dass optische Uhren mit Unsicherheiten im Bereich von 10–18 realisiert wurden. Allerdings besitzen bei Weitem nicht alle Atome einen Quantenübergang zum Laserkühlen. Unter diesen sind aber Spezies interessant, die auf Neue Physik jenseits des Standardmodells besonders empfindlich reagieren sollten. Mit ultrapräziser Spektroskopie könnten Änderungen fundamentaler Konstanten, der Kopplung an Dunkle Materie oder eine hypothetische Fünfte Kraft aufgespürt werden. Auch bestimmte Moleküle wären hierfür geeignet, doch Moleküle sind nur eingeschränkt laserkühlbar. Dieses Problem kann die Quantenlogik lösen. Dabei wird dem Ion in einer Paul‐Falle, das spektroskopiert werden soll, ein Logik‐Ion zugesellt, das laserkühlbar ist. Damit konnten erstmalig eine Reihe neuer Spezies spektroskopiert werden. Neben einfach und hoch geladenen Ionen werden zukünftig Präzisionsmessungen an Molekülen und weiteren interessanten Systemen, etwa Antiprotonen, hinzukommen. All dies illustriert die Universalität der Quantenlogik‐Spektroskopie, die nicht zuletzt den Bau von Uhren höchster Genauigkeit erlaubt.
Ein Künstler mit Physik
Authors: Ucke Christian , Schlichting Hans Joachim 
Published: July 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Valett‐Federpendel ist eine Variation des Wilberforce‐Pendels, bei dem am oberen und unteren Ende eines Federpendels zwei Zylinder in gegenläufige Rotation geraten. Hierbei findet ein kontinuierlicher Austausch zwischen der Translationsenergie der Feder und der Rotationsenergie der beiden Zylinder statt – ein Effekt, der nicht nur didaktisch, sondern auch ästhetisch besticht.
Optimization of antibiotics for cystic fibrosis pulmonary exacerbations due to highly resistant nonlactose fermenting Gram negative bacilli: Meropenem‐vaborbactam and cefiderocol
Authors: Belcher Rachel , Zobell Jeffery T. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe are writing this letter to provide an update of published information on antibiotics for cystic fibrosis (CF) pulmonary exacerbations to the State of the Art articles by Zobell et al. Information on meropenem‐vaborbactam and cefiderocol were not available when the original articles were published. These new antibiotics, approved in 2017 and 2019, possess antipseudomonal properties like the other carbapenems and cephalosporins in the original articles however, existing literature refers to their use for other less common bacteria. As patients with CF age, the microorganisms in their bacterial cultures change and some can colonize multiple or uncommon bacterial species including, Burkholderia, Achromobacter, and Stenotrophomonas spp. In 2019, these nonlactose fermenting bacterial species made up for approximately 15% of respiratory microorganisms cultured in pediatric patients. Though infrequent, compared to Staphylococcus aureus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa, these bacteria are opportunistic pathogens and patients at the highest risk for these infections include those with CF. Like other Gram negative bacteria, Burkholderia, Achromobacter, and Stenotrophomonas spp., are frequently drug resistant and can make treatment extremely challenging, thus it is crucial that data for treatment of these less common pathogens be evaluated.
SidechainNet: An all‐atom protein structure dataset for machine learning
Authors: King Jonathan Edward , Koes David Ryan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDespite recent advancements in deep learning methods for protein structure prediction and representation, little focus has been directed at the simultaneous inclusion and prediction of protein backbone and sidechain structure information. We present SidechainNet, a new dataset that directly extends the ProteinNet dataset. SidechainNet includes angle and atomic coordinate information capable of describing all heavy atoms of each protein structure and can be extended by users to include new protein structures as they are released. In this article, we provide background information on the availability of protein structure data and the significance of ProteinNet. Thereafter, we argue for the potentially beneficial inclusion of sidechain information through SidechainNet, describe the process by which we organize SidechainNet, and provide a software package (https://github.com/jonathanking/sidechainnet) for data manipulation and training with machine learning models.
Robot‐assisted beating‐heart surgery for atrial septal defect repair in a case of situs inversus totalis with dextrocardia
Authors: Li Xin , Liu Zhuang , Kong Ruirui , Zhang Chengxin , Ge Shenglin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis paper describes a case of a patient with situs inversus totalis (SIT) and dextrocardia in which robotic atrial septal defect (ASD) repair was successfully performed in a beating heart.Methods and ResultsA 45‐year‐old female patient who had SIT and dextrocardia was diagnosed with secundum ASD 5 years ago. Because of progressive dyspnoea, fatigue, and obvious cough, she came to our hospital for surgical treatment. Transthoracic echocardiography showed the defect located in the middle and lower segments of the atrial septum with a maximum diameter of 27 mm, with a left‐to‐right shunt. Transcatheter ASD closure could not be performed because there was not enough tissue surrounding the defect. After communicating with the patient, we performed robotic ASD repair in a beating heart using the da Vinci surgical system. The operation was successful, and the patient recovered quickly.ConclusionAs a minimally invasive approach, robotic cardiac surgery has many advantages and is feasible and safe in suitable patients.
Event‐triggered adaptive fixed‐time output feedback fault tolerant control for perturbed planar nonlinear systems
Authors: Zhu Chenglong , Zhang Kanjian , Xin Xin , Gao Fangzheng , Wei Haikun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper considers an event‐triggered adaptive fixed‐time output feedback fault tolerant control problem for a class of uncertain planar nonlinear systems, in which the actuator has an unknown drift fault and the loss of effectiveness fault. Firstly, by using the adaptive backstepping technique and event‐triggered theory, a constructive event‐triggered adaptive fixed‐time state feedback controller is presented under a generalized Lipschitz continuous condition. Secondly, for the unmeasured state, a continuous fixed‐time observer is constructed. It is shown that the global practically fixed‐time stability of the closed‐loop systems is ensured by the bilimit homogeneity technique and Lyapunov theory analysis. Moreover, the system is demonstrated by contradiction to be nonzeno. Finally, the fan speed control system is constructed to demonstrate the validity of the proposed strategy and the application of the general systems.
A Highly Selective “Turn‐On” Fluorescent Sensor for Aluminum Ion Detection in Aqueous Solution Based on Imidazo[2,1‐b]thiazole Schiff Base
Authors: Wang Haibin , Xu Xin , Yin Jichen , Zhang Zhifeng , Xue Lei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLow sensitivity of fluorescent sensors with “turn‐off” response for identifying Al3+ has limited their wide application in the field of ion sensing. Herein, this paper reports a novel fluorescence sensor (L) endowing with “turn‐on” fluorescence response based on imidazo[2,1‐b]thiazole for recognizing Al3+ in aqueous solutions. Results show that the L exhibits high selectivity and sensitivity with “turn‐on” fluorescence response towards Al3+, but also has strong anti‐interference to other common ions. In addition, the excellent color change can be distinguished by naked eyes under UV light and the test papers show great potential for detecting Al3+ in tap water. The supposed sensing mechanism of L to Al3+ could be attributed to the inhibition of photo‐induced electron transfer (PET) and chelation‐enhanced fluorescence (CHEF). Such a novel design pathway is expected to offer helpful guidance for fabricating various sensors with “turn‐on” fluorescence response.
Synthesis and Cytotoxicity of Sulfanyl, Sulfinyl and Sulfonyl Group Containing Ursane Conjugates with 1,3,4‐Oxadiazoles and 1,2,4‐Triazoles
Authors: Semenova Marya D. , Popov Sergey A. , Golubeva Tatiana S. , Baev Dmitry S. , Shults Elvira E. , Turks Māris 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA library of novel sulfanyl, sulfinyl, and sulfonyl group‐containing ursane conjugates with 1,3,4‐oxadiazoles and 1,2,4‐triazoles were designed and obtained. The target compounds were synthesized by alkylation of the corresponding azole‐based thiones followed by S‐selective oxidation. The expected sulfoxides and sulfones were obtained depending on the applied excess of mCPBA without oxidation of the ursane double bond. The novel products were studied for their antiproliferative activity on cell lines MCF7 (breast cancer), U‐87 MG (glioblastoma multiform cells), A549 (lung carcinoma), and U‐87 MG (hepatocarcinoma), using immortalized human fibroblasts hTERT as non‐cancer control. Oxadiazole‐derived methylsulfones possessed the most notable cytotoxicity, while the sulfanyl group containing ursane conjugates with 1,2,4‐triazoles 7 g, 7 h exhibited the best selectivity and antiproliferative activity, superior to ursolic acid and starting azole‐based thiones. Possible mechanism of action of thioethers 7 g, 7 h was studied using molecular modeling.
Metallic S‐CoTe with Surface Reconstruction Activated by Electrochemical Oxidation for Oxygen Evolution Catalysis
Authors: Yang Lei , Qin Hongye , Dong Zihao , Wang Tongzhou , Wang Guichang , Jiao Lifang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDeveloping highly active electrocatalysts toward oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is critical for the application of water splitting for hydrogen production and can further alleviate the energy crisis problem, but still remaining challenging. Especially, unlocking the catalytic site, in turn, helps design the available catalysts. Herein, the nanorod cobalt telluride with sulfur incorporation grown on a carbon cloth (S‐CoTe/CC) as catalysts for OER, which displays extraordinary catalytic activity, is reported. Significantly, the in situ formed CoOOH species on the surface of S‐CoTe merited from the structure evolution during the OER process serves as the active species. Furthermore, density functional theory calculations demonstrate that sulfur incorporation can tailor the electronic structure of active species and substantially optimize the free energy, accelerating the OER kinetics. This work provides an in‐depth understanding of enhanced OER mechanism through foreign elements incorporating into precatalysts and is beneficial for the guiding design of more efficient catalysts.
How does occupational licensing affect entry into the medical field? An examination of emergency medical technicians
Authors: Yelowitz Aaron , Ingram Samuel J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has led to temporary suspensions of many occupational licensing laws in an effort to manage surges in health care demand. The crisis highlights more general concerns about occupational licensing laws, yet convincing empirical evidence on the degree to which such laws have inhibited entry into health care professions is scarce. In this study, we indirectly examine how occupational licensing affects the choice to become an emergency medical technician (EMT) by exploiting the demand‐side shock from the Affordable Care Act (ACA). We find suggestive evidence that while the demand‐side shock from the ACA increased the likelihood of being an EMT, this effect was substantially moderated by more stringent occupational licensing laws. The implied effects for young individuals in the most careful specification suggests virtually complete offset; the ACA demand‐side shock would increase entry by 18 percentage points, while occupational licensing restrictions reduce entry by a similar magnitude.
Experimental and numerical studies on multiple response optimization‐based control using iterative techniques for magnetorheological damper‐controlled structure
Authors: Wani Zubair Rashid , Tantray Manzoor , Sheikh Javed Iqbal 
Published: July 2021

SummaryThe field of semiactive control dampers for structural control has seen a significant advancement in recent years. However, the controllers proposed in recent years have been computationally inefficient, time consuming, and did not allow the designer the flexibility in overall structural control. Consequently, this study presents a sequence of numerical and experimental studies conducted to determine the efficiency and performance of proposed multiple response optimization (MRO)‐based control with iterative technique, using magnetorheological (MR) dampers as a control device in mitigating the structural response. The prime objective of the MRO control strategy is selecting an optimal control gain, obtained by a trade‐off between the gains corresponding to the local minima of structural responses, selected as the performance objective of the controllers. The proposed strategy is numerically compared with H2/LQG with clipped optimal control (COC). Results indicated the efficiency and flexibility of the proposed strategy in mitigating the structural responses. Finally, multiple shake table tests were performed on a five‐story steel frame with MR damper, employing the control strategies to be examined. The corresponding results substantiated the superiority of MRO control over passive control strategies, in mitigating the structural responses.
Reactive processing of PA6/EPDM‐MA blends as modifier for application and development of high‐performance polypropylene
Authors: Luna Carlos Bruno Barreto , Siqueira Danilo Diniz , da Silva Barbosa Ferreira Eduardo , Araújo Edcleide Maria , Wellen Renate Maria Ramos 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this work, PA6/EPDM‐MA was added as an impact modifier for high‐performance polypropylene (PP) production. PA6/EPDM‐MA compounds were processed in an internal mixer, aiming at chemical reaction between maleic anhydride of EPDM‐MA and the amine terminal groups of PA6. Afterward, PP/(PA6/EPDM‐MA) blends were processed by extrusion and injection molding. Rheological properties were evaluated using torque rheometry; additionally, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Molau test, impact and tensile strengths, Shore D hardness, thermal deflection temperature, X‐ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry, water absorption, contact angle, and scanning electron microscopy tests were performed in injected specimens. PP/(PA6/EPDM‐MA) with 70/(15/15)% displayed quite high increase in impact and elongation at break, with gains of 850% and 265%, compared to neat PP. There were no drastic losses in tensile strength, elastic modulus, and Shore D hardness, due to PA6 addition. A significant increase was seen in the thermal stability of PP/(PA6/EPDM‐MA), corroborating the increase in structural stability seen in HDT. SEM images showed high interfacial adhesion between PP and PA6/EPDM‐MA corroborating higher mechanical properties. Summing up, PA6/EPDM‐MA premix acted as an efficient impact modifier for PP. Acquired data show that P6/EPDM‐MA system was effective in developing high‐performance PP with potential for application in the automotive and electronics industries.