bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Competitive advantage in online grocery supply chains: leveraging GPT technology
Authors: Xin Baogui , Zhu Liusong , Peng Wei 
Published: December 2024

PurposeOnline grocery stores are facing challenges. The intense competition in the online grocery market has driven companies to seek technological innovation. Moreover, the operations of online grocery stores on both the supply and demand sides are not sufficiently meeting the requirements of consumers and managers. The powerful capabilities of the Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (GPT) technology align with the needs of online grocery stores for innovation and upgrading. This study uniquely leverages GPT’s advanced natural language processing, adaptive learning and generative capabilities to analyze and optimize the online grocery supply chain competition in ways not possible with traditional analytical tools.Design/methodology/approachThis paper constructs a Stackelberg game model, comprising a secondary supply chain consisting of a supplier who provides products and a retailer who sells them. This study explores the impact of GPT technology on online grocery store operations from the demand side and supply side, specifically including the value of service information, demand information and information-sharing behavior.FindingsThe findings reveal several vital conclusions: (1) On the demand side, the service information plays a crucial role in enhancing service levels and increasing consumer demand; (2) On the supply side, demand information provides positive incentives for retailers and suppliers and (3) Information-sharing behaviors can lead to cooperative relationships between upstream and downstream supply chain members, significantly increasing their respective service levels. This study not only explores the impact of GPT on the online grocery supply chain but also presents a rigorous framework for validating GPT-generated insights, ensuring the reliability of our findings.Originality/valueThis study provides valuable insights into a promising field. It employs game theory to analyze the impact of GPT technology on the overall operation of the online grocery supply chain and the market strategy of online grocery stores.
Effect of active cooling on the formation of IN718 microstructures in directed energy deposition additive manufacturing
Authors: Bréhier Michèle , Weisz-Patrault Daniel , Tournier Christophe 
Published: December 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to focus on laser metal powder-directed energy deposition, which is used to repair parts or manufacture high-performance components. Fine and equiaxed microstructures are often targeted because of their homogeneous mechanical properties. However, doing so can only be done by either adjusting process parameters or using external actuators that necessitate additional equipment. This paper presents a method that circumvents these issues by using only the powder spray nozzle and inerting gas when the laser is switched off to actively cool the part without additional equipment.

Design/methodology/approach
Single-bead IN718 thin walls were produced with a unidirectional strategy, taking advantage of the return path to actively cool the part. Six different sets of parameters were chosen to cover the operating range of laser power and machine scanning speed.

Findings
Analysis of the electron back-scatter diffraction maps of the walls highlights the impact of this active cooling strategy on the microstructure. A fine, untextured microstructure was observed, regardless of process parameters, which enables optimization of process parameters to maximize productivity instead of being conditioned by the targeted fine-equiaxed microstructure. The grain size obtained can be further refined by increasing the scanning speed of the actively cooled parts.

Originality/value
An informed choice of off-production nozzle trajectories would enable reaching a fine and untextured microstructure independently of process parameters.
Topology optimization of additive manufactured CFRP structures with anisotropy properties to minimize frequency response
Authors: Wang Jian , Zhang Yan , Wang Xiaoyu , Zhu Nan , Liao Wei-Hsin , Gao Qiang 
Published: December 2024

Purpose
This study aims to present a novel topology optimization method for effectively minimizing the frequency response over a given frequency interval considering anisotropic features and fiber angles simultaneously.

Design/methodology/approach
The variable thickness sheet (VTS) method is used to obtain a free material distribution under the specified volume constraint. The anisotropic equivalent stiffness matrix based on the material fiber angles is considered in the orthotropic material properties model, which ensures a sufficiently large design space to minimize the frequency response. To lessen the computational burden, the quasi-static Ritz vector (QSRV) method is integrated to approximate the structural response.

Findings
Compared to considering only one element, the optimization process simultaneously considers the spatially-varying fiber angles and the material distribution, allowing for a broader design space to minimize the frequency response of additive manufacturing (AM) structures. The orthotropic properties play an important role in determining optimal material distribution of the structure. Moreover, the QSRV method makes the frequency response analysis more efficient.

Originality/value
The anisotropic stiffness and spatially-varying angles of the fiber materials induced by the layer-by-layer printing process of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) are simultaneously considered to further minimize the frequency response of AM structures, which improves the performance of AM-CFRP structures.
Design, manufacturing, and deformation behavior of novel bio-inspired lattice structures with arc-shaped strut configurations
Authors: Patel Brijesh H. , Pandey Pulak Mohan 
Published: December 2024

Purpose
Natural elements in the biological organs of plants and animals consist of repetitive geometries, which often form the basis for the new lattice structure design with improved performance. The purpose of this study is to investigate the energy absorption capabilities and deformation behavior of lattice structures inspired by Helleborus petticoat flower and fish scale patterns.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors designed arc-shaped strut lattice structures by incorporating the geometrical features of Helleborus petticoat flower and fish scale pattern into lattice strut configuration. The structures were printed from thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) material using fused deposition modeling process and tested under uniaxial compression. The energy absorption parameters, such as specific energy absorption (SEA), mean plateau stress, onset densification strain and absorption efficiency were determined, and deformation mechanism under static compression was analyzed. The SEA of proposed structures was compared with other TPU structures in the reported literature.

Findings
The results show that the lattice strut configuration affects the mechanical properties, energy absorption characteristics and deformation behavior of the proposed bio-inspired structures. The SEA was found to be in the range of 0.34–0.97 kJ / kg. Overall, the novel flower-inspired structure displayed significantly higher SEA (+185%), compared to fish scale-derived structure.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the authors have designed the proposed lattice structures for the first time. The energy absorption characteristics and deformation behavior of proposed lattice structures had never been reported previously.
Transmitting Literature, Preserving Language. Case Studies of Classical Latin from Literary Manuscripts from the Roman East (I bc–II ad)1
Authors: Scappaticcio Maria Chiara 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis paper aims to provide a critical survey of classical Latin literature—with a few insights into slightly later (i.e. Augustan or early imperial) literature—as transmitted in ancient manuscripts dating prior to the third century, i.e. in fragmentary papyrus rolls (and less often codices) mostly coming from the Roman East and palaeographically dating to between the first century BC and the end of the second century AD. Spellings and orthography are the focus, albeit other significant linguistic (especially lexical) features are discussed when they can offer clues to a more complex analysis of classical Latin.
The Effectiveness of Immersive Virtual Reality‐Based Treatment for Mental Disorders: A Systematic Review With Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Zeka Fatime , Clemmensen Lars , Valmaggia Lucia , Veling Wim , Hjorthøj Carsten , Glenthøj Louise Birkedal 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe increasing number of studies of immersive virtual reality (VR) interventions for mental disorders call for an examination of the current level of evidence on their effectiveness. The findings may guide scalability and contribute to the advancement and optimization of immersive VR‐based interventions for mental disorders.MethodsA systematic literature search across four databases screened 2443 studies. Outcomes were disorder‐specific symptoms, cognition, function, and quality of life. The study is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023465845) and follows the reporting standards outlined in the PRISMA guidelines.ResultsFifty‐five studies involving a total of 3031 participants covering 10 mental disorders were included in the analysis. VR interventions demonstrated statistically significant effects of post‐treatment compared to active control conditions for alcohol use disorder (reduced state anxiety, g = 0.89, 95% CI[0.24, 1.55]) and schizophrenia spectrum disorders (reduced psychotic symptoms, g = 0.37, 95% CI[0.04, 0.70]). Compared to passive control conditions, statistically significant effects of VR interventions were observed for panic and agoraphobia (g = 1.28, 95% CI [0.47, 2.10]), social anxiety disorder (g = 0.83, 95% CI [0.49, 1.17]), specific phobias (g = 1.07, 95% CI[0.22, 1.92]), depression symptoms in PTSD (g = 0.67, 95% CI [0.22;1.13]). In contrast, no significant differences were found between VR interventions and active control conditions for functioning and quality of life in schizophrenia spectrum disorder and panic or agoraphobia. No meta‐analyses were conducted on cognition due to insufficient data. Over 50% of the included studies were assessed as having a high risk of bias. According to the GRADE assessment, evidence for VR‐based interventions across various mental disorders was generally of low to very low certainty, with a few exceptions rated as moderate certainty.ConclusionVR interventions may potentially have benefits, particularly when compared to passive control conditions, however, the evidence remains uncertain necessitating more large‐scale, methodologically robust studies. Current findings can thus only be considered indicative. Recommendations on future directions of the VR field are discussed.
Risk and its others: Toward an anthropology of “protection” in rural Mongolia
Authors: Bristley Joseph 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAnthropological studies of risk have long focused on how people respond to and aim to manage potential harm. But despite its long and important genealogy, this article suggests that risk can pose an analytic blind spot that potentially occludes other ways of understanding how people aim to live well in potentially harmful situations. In doing so, it argues for anthropological attention to a Mongolian “protection” concept: an optimistic idea that imaginatively tethers defense against harm with prospects of living well in the conditions that follow. This approach aims to recast and deepen anthropological understanding of how people conceptualize, deal with, and move beyond harms encountered in everyday life.
Cliché anthropologists and the interactive probing of aspirations under market expansion
Authors: Hizi Gil 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThere was a moment in my fieldwork in China when I was prompted to rethink my position in relation to my interlocutors and the values they brought into play. More specifically, I became aware that their image of Western foreigners matched my profile as a wandering anthropologist with incoherent life trajectories. This was so even though, to some degree, they had difficulty translating their image of me into their social reality. Through my research on practices of self‐improvement, I came to see how, in expressing concerns about their personhood and ways of living, my interlocutors moved beyond the telos of business‐driven success. Analytically, I came to better understand how my interaction with them had productively constituted new discursive spaces of the imagination—spaces in which some of our worries were likely to unravel.
The role of theory of mind, group norms and intentionality in children's and adolescents' moral evaluations of a misinformer
Authors: Farooq Aqsa , Adlam Anna , Rutland Adam 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMisinformation poses a significant threat to modern society. Children and adolescents, highly active on social media, are particularly vulnerable to encountering misinformation from peers. Assessing whether intentionality impacts moral evaluations of misinformers, considering age and group norms, is crucial. Theory of Mind (ToM) plays a key role in understanding false beliefs and intentions. In a study involving 266 UK‐based children (8‐11‐years‐old) and adolescents (12‐15‐years‐old), participants evaluated a misinformer in a scenario involving a school competition. Deliberate misinformation led to harsher judgements and a higher likelihood of punishment. However, children tended to be more inclusive than adolescents regardless of intentionality. Adolescents with higher ToM believed in the misinformation less. Higher ToM correlated with harsher misinformer evaluations across the sample. These findings underscore the impact of intentionality, ToM and age on moral evaluations, suggesting that high ToM may mitigate positive feelings towards misinformers, potentially reducing misinformation acceptance.
External validation of predictive models for antibiotic susceptibility of urine culture
Authors: Werneburg Glenn T. , Rhoads Daniel D. , Milinovich Alex , McSweeney Sean , Knorr Jacob , Mourany Lyla , Zajichek Alex , Goldman Howard B. , Haber Georges‐Pascal , Vasavada Sandip P. 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveTo develop, externally validate, and test a series of computer algorithms to accurately predict antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) results at the time of clinical diagnosis, up to 3 days before standard urine culture results become available, with the goal of improving antibiotic stewardship and patient outcomes.Patients and MethodsMachine learning algorithms were developed and trained to predict susceptibility or resistance using over 4.7 million discrete AST classifications from urine cultures in a cohort of adult patients from outpatient and inpatient settings from 2012 to 2022. The algorithms were validated on a cohort from a geographically‐distant hospital system, ~1931 km (~1200 miles) from the training cohort facilities, from the same time period. Finally, algorithms were clinically validated in a contemporary cohort and compared to the empiric therapy prescribed by clinicians. Appropriateness of the antibiotics selected by clinicians and the algorithm during the clinical validation was compared.ResultsAlgorithms were accurate during clinical validation (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] 0.71–0.94) for all 11 tested antibiotics. The algorithms’ accuracy improved as the organism was identified (AUC 0.79–0.97). In external validation in a geographically‐distant cohort, the algorithms remained accurate even without additional training on this group (AUC 0.69–0.87). When the algorithms were trained on the antibiogram from the geographically‐distant hospital, the accuracy improved (AUC 0.70–0.93). When algorithms’ performances were tested against clinicians in a contemporary cohort for the empiric prescription of oral antibiotics, the drug agent suggested by the algorithms more frequently resulted in adequate empiric coverage.ConclusionsMachine learning algorithms trained on a large dataset are accurate in prediction of urine culture susceptibility vs resistance up to 3 days prior to urine AST availability. Clinical implementation of such an algorithm could improve both clinical care and antimicrobial stewardship.
Longitudinal trajectories of digital upper limb biomarkers for multiple sclerosis
Authors: Foong Yi Chao , Merlo Daniel , Gresle Melissa , Zhu Chao , Buzzard Katherine , Lechner‐Scott Jeannette , Barnett Michael , Taylor Bruce V. , Kalincik Tomas , Kilpatrick Trevor , Darby David , Dobay Pamela , van Beek Johan , Hyde Robert , Simpson‐Yap Steve , Butzkueven Helmut , van der Walt Anneke 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundUpper limb dysfunction is a common debilitating feature of relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). We aimed to examine the longitudinal trajectory of the iPad®‐based Manual Dexterity Test (MDT) and predictors of change over time.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled RRMS patients (limited to Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) < 4). Longitudinal data was analysed using mixed‐effect modelling and latent class mixed models. We then examined whether group membership in latent classes predicted confirmed slowing in MDT.ResultsSeven hundred and twenty‐one participants had complete data for analysis. At a population level, MDT remained stable over time. No practice effect was seen. Baseline disability and T2 lesion volume were the strongest predictors of longitudinal MDT performance. We identified two latent class trajectories of MDT. The slower latent class was typified by greater variability and a weak association with confirmed worsening of MDT and EDSS. When compared to trajectory analysis stratified by baseline MDT, latent class analysis (LCA) was able to identify those at greater risk of confirmed slowing, signifying the importance of latent processes in upper limb function in pwMS.ConclusionIn this cohort of mild to moderate RRMS, MDT scores remained stable over time with no evidence of a practice effect at a population level. Trajectory analysis based on LCA identified a cohort with greater variability and risk of disability progression and domain specific worsening. Our findings demonstrate the importance of latent processes in determining upper limb function in pwMS.
Influence of prestroke glycemic status on outcomes by age in patients with acute ischemic stroke and diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kim Joon‐Tae , Lee Ji Sung , Kim Hyunsoo , Kim Beom Joon , Kang Jihoon , Lee Keon‐Joo , Park Jong‐Moo , Kang Kyusik , Lee Soo Joo , Kim Jae Guk , Cha Jae‐Kwan , Kim Dae‐Hyun , Park Tai Hwan , Lee Kyungbok , Lee Jun , Hong Keun‐Sik , Cho Yong‐Jin , Park Hong‐Kyun , Lee Byung‐Chul , Yu Kyung‐Ho , Oh Mi Sun , Kim Dong‐Eog , Choi Jay Chol , Kwon Jee‐Hyun , Kim Wook‐Joo , Shin Dong‐Ick , Yum Kyu Sun , Sohn Sung Il , Hong Jeong‐Ho , Lee Sang‐Hwa , Kim Chulho , Park Man‐Seok , Ryu Wi‐Sun , Park Kwang‐Yeol , Lee Juneyoung , Saver Jeffrey L. , Bae Hee‐Joon 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to explore the association between admission HbA1c and the risk of 1‐year vascular outcomes stratified by age group in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and diabetes mellitus (DM).MethodsThis study analyzed prospective multicenter data from patients with AIS and DM. Admission HbA1C were categorized as:≤6.0%, 6.1%–7.0%, 7.1%–8.0%, and >8.0%. Age was analyzed in categories:≤55 years, 56–65 years, 66–75 years, 76–85 years, and >85 years. The primary outcome was 1‐year composite of stroke, MI, and all‐cause mortality. The modifying effect of age on the relationships between HbA1c and 1‐year primary outcome was explored by Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsA total of 16,077 patients (age 69.0 ± 12.4 years; 59.4% males) were analyzed in this study. Among patients ≤55 years, the hazard ratio (HR) of the 1‐year primary outcomes increased with an HbA1C > 8.0% (adjusted HR 1.39[1.13–1.70]). For patients aged 56–65 and 66–75, the highest HRs were observed for an HbA1c of 7.1–8.0% (aHRs; 1.21 [1.01–1.46] and 1.22 [1.05–1.41], respectively). In the 85+ age group, the highest HR occurred for HbA1c ≤ 6.0% (aHR 1.47 [0.98–2.19]). The HbA1c 8.0% showed evident age‐dependent heterogeneity in the post hoc HR plots.ConclusionOur study revealed that in patients with AIS and diabetes under 55, higher admission hbA1c was associated with an increased risk of the 1‐year primary outcome, while in patients aged over 85, lower HbA1c value (≤6.0%) may be associated with an increased risk of vascular events. The results of our study suggest the age‐stratified, heterogeneous associations between admission HbA1c and 1‐year vascular outcomes in patients with AIS and diabetes.
Prediction of lacosamide concentrations to support dose optimization during pregnancy
Authors: Barry Jessica M. , Illamola Sílvia M. , Pennell Page B. , Sherwin Catherine M. , Meador Kimford J. , Birnbaum Angela K. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to quantify and predict lacosamide exposure during pregnancy by developing a pregnancy physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic model, allowing the prediction of potential dose increases to support maintaining a patient's preconception lacosamide concentrations.MethodsModels for nonpregnant adults and pregnant female patients were constructed using physiochemical and pharmacological parameters identified from literature review. Evaluation of plasma concentration data from human males was digitized from the literature. Concentration data in nonpregnant and pregnant human females were available from the Maternal Outcomes and Neurodevelopmental Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs (MONEAD) study, a longitudinal observational study which followed 11 nonpregnant and 16 pregnant women receiving lacosamide. Evaluation was conducted qualitatively with visual overlay (>80% of observed concentrations within 90% confidence interval) and quantitatively with average fold error and absolute average fold error (0.8–1.25 ratio acceptance criteria). Simulations of intensively‐sampled dosing regimens at steady‐state dosing across multiple gestational ages were conducted in Simcyp to evaluate the potential changes in lacosamide pharmacokinetics during pregnancy. Additional simulations were performed to explore the effects of cytochrome polymorphisms and glomerular filtration rate variability.ResultsThe model adequately described the evaluation data in nonpregnant adults and pregnant adults between 10 and 40 weeks of gestation. Estimates in patients at 40‐ weeks of gestation indicated that lacosamide clearance increased by 48.2% compared to nonpregnant patients. Maximum lacosamide concentration (Cmax) during a simulated dosing interval also fell by 30% from preconception to 40 weeks. A simulated dose increase of 50 mg once daily at 10 weeks of gestation supported maintenance of preconception concentration for a typical patient taking the most common dosing regimen of 200 mg, twice daily (BID), preconception.SignificanceSimulated changes in lacosamide concentration align with the limited data available in observational studies. Our simulations support the use of therapeutic drug monitoring and dose adjustments to maintain the efficacy of lacosamide pharmacotherapy.