bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of triglyceride-glucose index on the long-term prognosis of advanced gastric cancer patients receiving immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy
Authors: Yao Zhi-Yuan , Ma Xiao , Cui Yong-Zheng , Liu Jie , Han Zheng-Xiang , Song Jun 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common malignancy and the third leading cause of death worldwide. Despite advancements in immunotherapies, patient prognosis remains poor, necessitating the identification of key prognostic factors to optimize the treatment approaches. Insulin resistance, as indicated by the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, is increasingly recognized for its impact on cancer progression and immune modulation, and its potential role in GC prognosis is of particular interest.
AIM
To investigate whether the TyG index, a surrogate marker of insulin resistance, can predict the prognosis of patients with advanced GC receiving immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy.
METHODS
This retrospective study included 300 patients with advanced GC who received sintilimab combined with chemotherapy. The patients were categorized into two groups according to high or low TyG index, and independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) were determined using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, which led to the development of a nomogram model.
RESULTS
Of the included patients, 136 had a high TyG index and 164 had a low TyG index. The median progression-free survival of the high TyG index group was significantly longer than that of the low TyG index group. Similarly, the median OS of the high TyG index group was significantly longer than that of the low TyG index group. The objective response and disease control rates in the two groups were 18.38% vs 9.15% and 58.82% vs 46.95%, respectively. No significant difference was noted in the incidence of adverse reactions at any level between the two groups (P > 0.05). In multivariate analysis, the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score, programmed cell death ligand 1 expression, and TyG index acted as independent prognostic factors for OS. Of these factors, the hazard ratio of the TyG index was 0.36 (95% confidence interval: 0.36-0.55, P < 0.001), and the nomogram model re-emphasized its importance as the main predictor of patient prognosis, followed by programmed cell death ligand 1 expression and the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score.
CONCLUSION
The TyG index is a long-term predictor of the efficacy of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy, and patients with a high index have a better prognosis.
Measuring visual ability in linguistically diverse populations
Authors: Hooper Madison A. , Tomarken Andrew , Gauthier Isabel 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Measurement of object recognition (OR) ability could predict learning and success in real-world settings, and there is hope that it may reduce bias often observed in cognitive tests. Although the measurement of visual OR is not expected to be influenced by the language of participants or the language of instructions, these assumptions remain largely untested. Here, we address the challenges of measuring OR abilities across linguistically diverse populations. In Study 1, we find that English–Spanish bilinguals, when randomly assigned to the English or Spanish version of the novel object memory test (NOMT), exhibit a highly similar overall performance. Study 2 extends this by assessing psychometric equivalence using an approach grounded in item response theory (IRT). We examined whether groups fluent in English or Spanish differed in (a) latent OR ability as assessed by a three-parameter logistic IRT model, and (2) the mapping of observed item responses on the latent OR construct, as assessed by differential item functioning (DIF) analyses. Spanish speakers performed better than English speakers, a difference we suggest is due to motivational differences between groups of vastly different size on the Prolific platform. That we found no substantial DIF between the groups tested in English or Spanish on the NOMT indicates measurement invariance. The feasibility of increasing diversity by combining groups tested in different languages remains unexplored. Adopting this approach could enable visual scientists to enhance diversity, equity, and inclusion in their research, and potentially in the broader application of their work in society.
Educación Financiera en la Universidad del Caribe. Cancún – México
Authors: Vallejo Filoteo Jorge , May Hernández Francisco José , Pool Estrada Farid Alfonso 
Published: December 2024

Ante la problemática actual de altos niveles de endeudamiento familiar, en el presente trabajo nos interesa conocer cómo toman las decisiones respecto al dinero los jóvenes universitarios. Por tal motivo se diseñó una consulta tomando como muestra a los estudiantes de la Universidad del Caribe en Cancún México, con el propósito de responder a la siguiente pregunta focalizada a este segmento: ¿Poseen los estudiantes de la Universidad del Caribe los conocimientos suficientes en el manejo de sus finanzas personales? Se realizó la encuesta a 350 estudiantes, y las respuestas proporcionadas sugieren que estos carecen de experiencia en la administración de su dinero e indican una limitación en la habilidad para tomar decisiones financieras adecuadas y mejorar su patrimonio. Con base en estos hallazgos, se añadió una asignatura al programa educativo de Negocios Internacionales relacionada a la educación financiera cuyo objetivo es proveer a los estudiantes de la Universidad del Caribe de mejores bases teórico-prácticas que les ayuden a tomar decisiones financieras de manera exitosa.
Plan de Mejoras Educativas en "San Francisco Javier" enfocado en Necesidades y Desafíos Actuales
Authors: Mite-Rosales Raquel , Sánchez-Carcelén Washington 
Published: December 2024

Educational auditing plays a crucial role in developing and improving educational institutions. These practices facilitate evaluating and enhancing pedagogical processes, institutional management, and overall educational quality. However, contemporary challenges and specific needs necessitate a thorough assessment and subsequent improvement of educational auditing and advisory practices. This work aims to analyze and propose strategies to optimize these practices within educational institutions, considering current needs and challenges. Additionally, this articleaddresses aspects such as implementing new technologies, continuous staff training, and active community participation. Identifying areas for improvement and designing appropriate interventions aims to ensure more effective education that meets modern demands. This comprehensive approach enhances transparency, accountability, and ultimately, the quality of education.
Исследование собственных частот колебаний изотропной геометрически нерегулярной нагретой пластинки
Authors: Мыльцин В.В. 
Published: December 2024

В работе приведена математическая модель изотропной пластины, подкрепленной ребрами. Уравнения лицевых поверхностей пластины содержат сингулярные функции Хевисайда. Для учета тонких ребер сделан предельный переход к функциям Д ирака. Геометрически нерегулярная изотропная пластина находится в стационарном температурном поле. За основу взята континуальная модель геометрически нерегулярной пластинки. Система дифференциальных уравнений, начальные и краевые условия получены из вариационного принципа Остроградского – Гамильтона. Тангенциальные усилия, входящие в термодинамический потенциал найдены из условия безмоментного состояния пластинки. Функция прогиба ищется в виде двойного тригонометрического ряда с переменными временными коэффициентами. Из дифференциального уравнения для этих коэффициентов найдена собственная частота колебаний, исследование которой проводится при малых прогибах. Анализ собственных частот колебаний пластинки проведен для различных геометрических и термомеханических параметрах.
The paper presents a mathematical model of vibrations of an isotropic plate supported by ribs in a stationary temperature field. The continuum model of a geometrically irregular plate is taken as a basis. The system of differential equations, initial and boundary conditions are obtained from the Ostrogradsky-Hamilton principle. The tangential forces included in the thermodynamic potential are found from the momentless condition of the plate. The deflection function is found as a double trigonometric series with variable time coefficients. From the differential equation for these coefficients, the natural frequency of vibration is found, the study of which is carried out at small deflections. The analysis of the natural frequencies of vibration of the plate is carried out for various geometric and thermomechanical parameters.
Проблемы лазерной очистки тонкостенных конструкций
Authors: Полоник М.В. , Манцыбора А.А. 
Published: December 2024

В статье представлены результаты моделирования и численных расчетов процессов лазерного удаления красок с поверхности металлических деталей. Проведены теоретические исследования температурных полей в зоне обработки сканирующим лазерным излучением, позволяющие провести практические испытания и разработать условия, при которых физическое воздействие энергии лазера наносит минимальные повреждения тонкостенным конструкциям. Полученные результаты нашли свое отражение в технологии очистки планеров летательных аппаратов.
The article presents the results of modeling and numerical calculations of processes of laser removal of paints from the surface of metal parts. Theoretical studies of temperature fields in the area of processing by scanning laser radiation are presented, allowing practical tests to be carried out and the conditions under which the radioactive effect of the laser radiation causes minimal damage to thin-walled structures to be developed. The results obtained are reflected in the technology for cleaning of aircraft.
Обобщенные фигуры Ная для ультрагемитропных и ультраизотропных микрополярных упругих тел
Authors: Мурашкин Е.В. 
Published: December 2024

В настоящей статье обсуждаются вопросы построения фигур Ная для микрополряных тел. Из общего анизотропного микрополярного упругого тела редуцируются к гемитропному, а затем к ультрагемитропному и, окончательно, к ультраизотропному микрополярному телу. Определяющие тензоры четвертого ранга преобразуются к двумерной матричной форме. Итоговые фигуры Ная для рассматриваемых микрополярных тел получаются путем объединения элементарных фигур для определяющих тензоров. Получены фигуры Ная, графически представляющие гемитропное, ультрагемитропное и ультраизотропное микрополярное упругое тело и связями между компонентами асимметричных определяющих тензоров.
In present paper, the construction of Nye figures for micropolar solids is discussed. A general anisotropic micropolar elastic solid is reduced to a hemitropic, then to an ultrahemitropic, and finally to an ultraisotropic micropolar solid. The constitutive tensors of the fourth rank are transformed to a two-dimensional matrix form. The final Nye figures for the considered micropolar solids are obtained by combining the elementary figures for the constitutive tensors. We obtain Nye figures that graphically represent a hemitropic, ultrahemitropic, and ultraisotropic micropolar elastic solid and the couples between the components of the asymmetric constitutive tensors.
The NuSTAR Local AGN N
H Distribution Survey (NuLANDS). I. Toward a Truly Representative Column Density Distribution in the Local Universe
Authors: Boorman Peter G. , Gandhi Poshak , Buchner Johannes , Stern Daniel , Ricci Claudio , Baloković Mislav , Asmus Daniel , Harrison Fiona A. , Svoboda Jiří , Greenwell Claire , Koss Michael J. , Alexander David M. , Annuar Adlyka , Bauer Franz E. , Brandt William N. , Brightman Murray , Civano Francesca , Chen Chien-Ting J. , Farrah Duncan , Forster Karl , Grefenstette Brian , Hönig Sebastian F. , Hill Adam B. , Kammoun Elias , Lansbury George , Lanz Lauranne , LaMassa Stephanie , Madsen Kristin , Marchesi Stefano , Middleton Matthew , Mingo Beatriz , Parker Michael L. , Treister Ezequiel , Ueda Yoshihiro , Urry C. Megan , Zappacosta Luca 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Hard X-ray-selected samples of active galactic nuclei (AGN) provide one of the cleanest views of supermassive black hole accretion but are biased against objects obscured by Compton-thick gas column densities of N
H > 1024 cm−2. To tackle this issue, we present the NuSTAR Local AGN N
H Distribution Survey (NuLANDS)—a legacy sample of 122 nearby (z < 0.044) AGN primarily selected to have warm infrared colors from IRAS between 25 and 60 μm. We show that optically classified Type 1 and 2 AGN in NuLANDS are indistinguishable in terms of optical [O iii] line flux and mid-to-far-infrared AGN continuum bolometric indicators, as expected from an isotropically selected AGN sample, while Type 2 AGN are deficient in terms of their observed hard X-ray flux. By testing many X-ray spectroscopic models, we show the measured line-of-sight column density varies on average by ∼1.4 orders of magnitude depending on the obscurer geometry. To circumvent such issues, we propagate the uncertainties per source into the parent column density distribution, finding a directly measured Compton-thick fraction of 35% ± 9%. By construction, our sample will miss sources affected by severe narrow-line reddening, and thus segregates sources dominated by small-scale nuclear obscuration from large-scale host-galaxy obscuration. This bias implies an even higher intrinsic obscured AGN fraction may be possible, although tests for additional biases arising from our infrared selection find no strong effects on the measured column density distribution. NuLANDS thus holds potential as an optimized sample for future follow-up with current and next-generation instruments aiming to study the local AGN population in an isotropic manner.
Extending the ALMA Census of Circumstellar Disks in the Upper Scorpius OB Association
Authors: Carpenter John M. , Esplin Taran L. , Luhman Kevin L. , Mamajek Eric E. , Andrews Sean M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Band 7 continuum (340 GHz) and carbon monoxide (CO) J = 3–2 observations for an extended sample of disks in the Upper Scorpius OB Association (Upper Sco, age ∼10 Myr). The targets were selected from previous studies that identified new members of Upper Sco using photometry and astrometry from the Gaia mission, and the presence of a disk has been inferred from mid-infrared excess emission. The new ALMA observations are combined with previous ALMA data to define a sample of 202 Upper Sco members with disks that have spectral types between G0 and M5.5. Among these sources, 120 (59%) have been detected in the continuum with a signal-to-noise ratio ≥3, and 83 (41%) have been detected in CO J = 3–2. Both the continuum and CO J = 3–2 fluxes show a strong correlation with the spectral type of the central star and the type of disk inferred from the shape of the infrared spectral energy distribution, where disks around earlier-type stars and full disks are more luminous than disks around later-type stars and evolved and debris disks. The median dust continuum luminosity is lower for disks in Upper Sco than in younger regions, as found in previous studies, where the differences are more pronounced in later spectral types (M4–M5) than in earlier spectral types.
Combining Direct Black Hole Mass Measurements and Spatially Resolved Stellar Kinematics to Calibrate the M
BH–σ
⋆ Relation of Active Galaxies
Authors: Winkel Nico , Bennert Vardha N. , Remigio Raymond P. , Treu Tommaso , Jahnke Knud , U Vivian , Barth Aaron J. , Malkan Matthew , Husemann Bernd , Ding Xuheng , Birrer Simon 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The origin of the tight scaling relation between the mass of supermassive black holes (SMBHs; M
BH) and their host-galaxy properties remains unclear. Active galactic nuclei (AGNs) probe phases of ongoing SMBH growth and offer the only opportunity to measure M
BH beyond the local Universe. However, determining an AGN's host galaxy's stellar velocity dispersion, σ
⋆, and its galaxy dynamical mass, M
dyn, is complicated by AGN contamination, aperture effects, and different host-galaxy morphologies. We select a sample of AGNs for which M
BH has been independently determined to high accuracy by state-of-the-art techniques: dynamical modeling of the reverberation signal and spatially resolving the broad-line region with the Very Large Telescope Interferometer/GRAVITY. Using integral-field spectroscopic observations, we spatially map the host-galaxy stellar kinematics across the galaxy and bulge effective radii. We find that the dynamically hot component of galaxy disks correlates with M
BH; however, the correlations are tightest for aperture-integrated σ
⋆ measured across the bulge. Accounting for the different M
BH distributions, we demonstrate—for the first time—that AGNs follow the same M
BH–σ
⋆ and M
BH–M
bulge,dyn relations as quiescent galaxies. We confirm that the classical approach of determining the virial factor as a sample average, yielding

log
f
=
0.65
±
0.18

, is consistent with the average f from individual measurements. The similarity between the underlying scaling relations of AGNs and quiescent galaxies implies that the current AGN phase is too short to have altered black hole masses on a population level. These results strengthen the local calibration of f for measuring single-epoch M
BH in the distant Universe.
Spectroscopic Modeling of Luminous Transients Powered by H-rich and He-rich Circumstellar Interaction
Authors: Wagle Gururaj A. , Chatzopoulos Emmanouil , Baer Michael J. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this study, we perform detailed spectroscopic modeling to analyze the interaction of circumstellar material (CSM) with ejecta in both hydrogen-rich and hydrogen-poor superluminous supernovae (SLSNe), by systematically varying properties such as the CSM density, composition, and geometry to explore their effects on spectral lines and light-curve evolution. Using advanced radiative transfer simulations with the new, open-source SuperLite code to generate synthetic spectra, we identify key spectroscopic indicators of CSM characteristics. Our findings demonstrate that spectral lines of hydrogen and helium exhibit significant variations due to differences in CSM mass and composition. In hydrogen-rich Type II SLSNe, we observe pronounced hydrogen emission lines that correlate strongly with a dense, extended CSM, suggesting massive, eruptive mass-loss histories. Conversely, in hydrogen-poor SLSNe, we recover mostly featureless spectra at early times, with weak hydrogen lines appearing only in the very early phases of the explosion, highlighting the quick ionization of traces of hydrogen present in the CSM. We analyze the properties of the resulting emission lines, particularly H
α
and H
β
, for our models using sophisticated statistical methods. This analysis reveals how variations in the SN progenitor and CSM properties can lead to distinct spectroscopic evolutions over time. These temporal changes provide crucial insights into the underlying physics driving the explosion and the subsequent interaction with the CSM. By linking these spectroscopic observations to the initial properties of the progenitor and its surrounding material, our study offers a useful tool for probing the pre-explosion histories of these explosive events.
Bird's-eye View of Molecular Gas across Stephan's Quintet Galaxy Group and Intragroup Medium
Authors: Emonts B. H. C. , Appleton P. N. , Lisenfeld U. , Guillard P. , Xu C. K. , Reach W. T. , Barcos-Muñoz L. , Labiano A. , Ogle P. M. , O’Sullivan E. , Togi A. , Gallagher S. C. , Aromal P. , Duc P.-A. , Alatalo K. , Boulanger F. , Díaz-Santos T. , Helou G. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We present the large-scale distribution and kinematics of cold molecular gas across the compact galaxy group Stephan’s Quintet, based on CO(2–1) observations performed with the Atacama Compact Array (ACA) and CO(1–0) data from the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy (CARMA). We find coherent structures of molecular gas associated with the galaxies and intragroup medium, which follow the distribution of warm H2 previously seen with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). CO is associated with a ridge of shocked gas that crosses the galaxy group, and with a spiral arm of the intruding galaxy NGC 7318b, which interacts with the intragroup medium along the ridge. Although the ridge contains widespread shocks, turbulent gas, and warm H2, the CO lines are narrower than elsewhere in Stephan’s Quintet (FWHM ∼ 25–65 km s−1), indicative of settled cold gas. At a distinctly different velocity, CO is found in the active galaxy NGC 7319 and northern star-forming region SQ-A. A bridge of turbulent molecular gas connects NGC 7319 with the ridge, covering a gap of ∼700 km s−1 between these structures. The gas excitation ranges from

L

CO

(
2
−
1

′

/

L

CO

(
1
−
0

′

∼ 0.3 in the bridge and SQ-A, to ∼0.5 along the ridge, to near unity in the center of NGC 7319. We also detect either a molecular outflow or turbulent molecular gas associated with the radio source in NGC 7319. These ACA data are part of a program with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array and JWST to study the physics of molecular gas from the largest to the smallest scales across the intragroup medium of Stephan’s Quintet.
Finding the Fuse: Prospects for the Detection and Characterization of Hydrogen-rich Core-collapse Supernova Precursor Emission with the LSST
Authors: Gagliano A. , Berger E. , Villar V. A. , Hiramatsu D. , Kessler R. , Matsumoto T. , Gilkis A. , Laplace E. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Enhanced emission in the months to years preceding explosion has been detected for several core-collapse supernovae (SNe). Though the physical mechanisms driving the emission remain hotly debated, the light curves of detected events show long-lived (≥50 days), plateau-like behavior, suggesting hydrogen recombination may significantly contribute to the total energy budget. The Vera C. Rubin Observatory’s Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) will provide a decade-long photometric baseline to search for this emission, both in binned pre-explosion observations after an SN is detected and in single-visit observations prior to the SN explosion. In anticipation of these searches, we simulate a range of eruptive precursor models to core-collapse SNe and forecast the discovery rates of these phenomena in LSST data. We find a detection rate of ∼40–130 yr−1 for SN IIP/IIL precursors and ∼110 yr−1 for SN IIn precursors in single-epoch photometry. Considering the first three years of observations with the effects of rolling and observing triplets included, this number grows to a total of 150–400 in binned photometry, with the highest number recovered when binning in 100 day bins for 2020tlf-like precursors and in 20 day bins for other recombination-driven models from the literature. We quantify the impact of using templates contaminated by residual light (from either long-lived or separate precursor emission) on these detection rates, and explore strategies for estimating baseline flux to mitigate these issues. Spectroscopic follow-up of the eruptions preceding core-collapse SNe and detected with LSST will offer important clues to the underlying drivers of terminal-stage mass loss in massive stars.