bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toward discovering low-lying P-wave excited Σ
c
baryon states *
Authors: Wang Kai-Lei , Zhong Xian-Hui 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this study, by combining the equal spacing rule with recent observations of

and

baryons, we predict the spectrum of the low-lying

-mode

-wave excited

states. Furthermore, their strong decay properties are predicted using the chiral quark model and the nature of

is investigated by analyzing the

invariant mass spectrum. The

structure observed in the

mass spectrum was found to potentially arise from two overlapping

-wave

resonances,

and

. These resonances have similar decay widths of

MeV and predominantly decay into the

channel. The

state is likely to be a very narrow state with a width of

MeV, with its decays almost saturated by the

channel. Additionally, evidence of the

resonance as a very narrow peak may be seen in the

invariant mass spectrum. The other two

-wave states,

and

, are relatively narrow states with similar widths of

MeV and predominantly decay into

and

, respectively. This study can provide useful references for discovering these low-lying

-wave states in forthcoming experiments.
Case Study on the γ-algorithm: Possible Tests from the Luminosity versus Displacement Correlation of High Mass X-Ray Binaries
Authors: Zuo Zhao-Yu , Zhang Huan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Using the apparent correlation of luminosity (L
X) versus displacement (R) of high mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs), we aim to constrain the common envelope (CE) mechanism, which is vital in the formation and evolution of compact binaries. We find that under the assumption of the γ-algorithm, the apparent correlation can also be reconstructed generally within a reasonable range of key parameters adopted, though the population of HMXBs is distinct with that in the canonical α
CE-formalism. We compare the spatial distribution of HMXBs under the two CE mechanisms, and suggest the difference in L
X versus R distribution may provide an additional clue for the study of the CE phase and to discriminate between CE models.
Brain network effects by continuous theta burst stimulation in mal de débarquement syndrome: simultaneous EEG and fMRI study
Authors: Chen Yafen , Cha Yoon-Hee , Gleghorn Diamond , Doudican Benjamin C , Shou Guofa , Ding Lei , Yuan Han 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objective. Heterogeneous clinical responses to treatment with non-invasive brain stimulation are commonly observed, making it necessary to determine personally optimized stimulation parameters. We investigated neuroimaging markers of effective brain targets of treatment with continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) in mal de débarquement syndrome (MdDS), a balance disorder of persistent oscillating vertigo previously shown to exhibit abnormal intrinsic functional connectivity. Approach. Twenty-four right-handed, cTBS-naive individuals with MdDS received single administrations of cTBS over one of three stimulation targets in randomized order. The optimal target was determined based on the assessment of acute changes after the administration of cTBS over each target. Repetitive cTBS sessions were delivered on three consecutive days with the optimal target chosen by the participant. Electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded at single-administration test sessions of cTBS. Simultaneous EEG and functional MRI data were acquired at baseline and after completion of 10–12 sessions. Network connectivity changes after single and repetitive stimulations of cTBS were analyzed. Main results. Using electrophysiological source imaging and a data-driven method, we identified network-level connectivity changes in EEG that correlated with symptom responses after completion of multiple sessions of cTBS. We further determined that connectivity changes demonstrated by EEG during test sessions of single administrations of cTBS were signatures that could predict optimal targets. Significance. Our findings demonstrate the effect of cTBS on resting state brain networks and suggest an imaging-based, closed-loop stimulation paradigm that can identify optimal targets during short-term test sessions of stimulation.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02470377.
The potential of Climate Field Schools to boost small-scale farmers’ adaptation capacity
Authors: Hollburg Maximilian , Stöber Silke 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Increasing temperature and changing rainfall patterns cause a decrease in agricultural production. Adapting to climate change is one of the major challenges of farmers in Indonesia. Since the climate will continue to change in the future, it is important to understand the determinants of adaptation in order to know how to support this adaptation process. This study identifies the link between perception and adaptation, in addition to the driving forces for adopting one or more of a set of 21 farm-level adaptation strategies. A survey was conducted among 74 participants of a Climate Field School in Tana Toraja, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The 2-step Heckman estimation model that was used analyses the link between perception of and adaptation to climate change. The results indicate that better educated farmers and farmers with no off-farm income are more likely to adapt. The logistic regression model demonstrates that the possession of livestock increases the likelihood of applying a wider range of adaptation strategies. The Climate Field Schools offer a promising approach for enabling farmers to select appropriate adaptation strategies. However, other factors need to be considered to make best use of the potential of sustainable adaptation.
Magnetism-controlled assembly of composite stem cell spheroids for the biofabrication of contraction-modulatory 3D tissue
Authors: Byun Hayeon , Lee Sangmin , Jang Gyu Nam , Lee Hyoryong , Park Sukho , Shin Heungsoo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBiofabrication of organ-like engineered 3D tissue through the assembly of magnetized 3D multi-cellular spheroids has been recently investigated in tissue engineering. However, the cytotoxicity of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and contraction-induced structural deformation of the constructs have been major limitations. In this study, we developed a method to fabricate composite stem cell spheroids using MNP-coated fibers, alleviating MNP-mediated toxicity and controlling structural assembly under external magnetic stimuli. The MNP-coated synthetic fibers (MSFs) were prepared by coating various amounts of MNPs on the fibers via electrostatic interactions. The MSFs showed magnetic hysteresis and no cytotoxicity on 2D-cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). The composite spheroids containing MSFs and ADSCs were rapidly formed in which the amount of impregnated MSFs modulated the spheroid size. The fusion ofin vitrocomposite spheroids was then monitored at the contacting interface; the fused spheroids with over 10μg of MSF showed minimal contraction after 7 d, retaining around 90% of total area ratio regardless of the number of cells, indicating that the presence of fibers within the composite spheroid supported its structural maintenance. The fusion of MSF spheroids was modulated by external magnetic stimulation, and the effect of magnetic force on the movement and fusion of the spheroids was investigated using COMSOL simulation. Finally, ring and lamellar structures were successfully assembled using remote-controlled MSF spheroids, showing limited deformation and high viability up to 50 d duringin vitroculture. In addition, the MSFs demonstrated no adverse effects on ADSC osteochondral differentiation. Altogether, we envision that our magnetic assembly system would be a promising method for the tissue engineering of structurally controlled organ-like constructs.
Beam profile and pulse width assessment in an engineered D-shaped hollow-core photonic crystal fiber
Authors: Saeedizadeh Reza , Sabouri Saeed Ghavami , Khorsandi Alireza 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this work, a theoretical model is discussed to investigate the performance of a core-engineered gas-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (HC-PCF). To gain the shortest pulse width and the best beam quality at the output, the core geometry of the fiber is modified within four specific types referred to as type I to type IV fibers. It is found that, by using type III and type IV HC-PCF devices, a 5 ps laser pulse in the input can be respectively compressed to 18.5 fs and 13.7 fs at the output. It is found
that, a 5-ps laser pulse in the input can be reduced to 18.5 fs and 13.7 fs if type III- and type IV of modified HC-PCF device are respectively used for compression. The structural similarity (SSIM) index is used to evaluate the quality of the beam cross-section that ultimately emerges from the end of the fiber. The results suggest that the highest SSIM value of 0.76 can be obtained if type III HC-PCF is employed for pulse compression.
Mechanical, metallurgical and tribological properties of friction stir processed aluminium alloy 6061 hybrid surface composites
Authors: AnandhaKumar C J , S Gopi , Kumar S Shashi , Mohan Dhanesh G 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Friction stir processing (FSP) was applied in the fabrication of aluminium hybrid surface composites by embedding reinforcement particles namely, aluminium oxide (Al2O3), boron nitride (BN) and Graphite (Gr) with Boron carbide (B4C) in an equal volume basis. Three FSPed plates were fabricated at constant tool rotational speed of 1000 rpm, welding speed of 30 mm min−1 and axial force of 6 kN. The microstructure showed the homogeneous dispersion of reinforcement particles and good interfacial bonding between the reinforcement particles and the base material was observed in the processed zone. In terms of strength and hardness, surface composites with B4C and Al2O3 combinations yielded better mechanical properties over other the combinations. The results of wear studies reveal that the FSPed surfaces exhibited better resistance to wear when compared to the base material in a dry sliding condition. The dominance of abrasive wear was observed in all cases of the surface composites inspite of few micro cracks and delamination found on the worn surface. XRD analysis suggests that no secondary phases or intermetallic was formed anywhere in the processed zone.
The influence of thermo-mechanical treatment on phase transformation and shape memory effect of CuAl9Fe4Ni2 alloy
Authors: Khanh Pham Mai , Tuan Vu Anh , Nhung Le Thi , Nam Nguyen Duong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Shape memory alloys can return to their original shape by reversible martensitic transformation. The shape memory effect of these alloys has been considered to relate to phase transformation, especially martensite transformation. In the copper-aluminum alloys containing Fe and Ni additives, the relationship between the martensitic transformation and shape memory effect occurs by applying a thermo-mechanical deformation and heat treatment process. This paper presents the phase transformation of the CuAl9Fe4Ni2 alloy that suffered from the deformation and heat treatment process. The samples were heated above 1173°K for homogenization. Then, they were rolled with an appropriate degree of strain to prepare the good conditions for the next steps. They were heated again to 1173°K, then quenched in water to 373°K, and then cooling down in cold water to form martensites with fine grain sizes. Next, the samples underwent cold deformation to create a fine grain in the structure and a favorable distribution for the shape memory process. Finally, the samples were shaped and heated at 843°K to decompose the martensite phase and return to their original shape. The phase transformation and the structure of martensite were determined by modern analytical techniques. The results show that the shape memory level was up to 80%.
Radiation-induced airway changes and downstream ventilation decline in a swine model
Authors: Wallat Eric M , Wuschner Antonia E , Flakus Mattison J , Christensen Gary E , Reinhardt Joseph M , Shanmuganayagam Dhanansayan , Bayouth John E 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPurpose.To investigate indirect radiation-induced changes in airways as precursors to atelectasis post radiation therapy (RT).Methods.Three Wisconsin Miniature Swine (WMSTM) underwent a research course of 60 Gy in 5 fractions delivered to a targeted airway/vessel in the inferior left lung. The right lung received a max point dose <5 Gy. Airway segmentation was performed on the pre- and three months post-RT maximum inhale phase of the four-dimensional (4D) computed tomography (CT) scans. Changes in luminal area (Ai) and square root of wall area (WA) for each airway were investigated. Changes in ventilation were assessed using the Jacobian ratio and were measured in three different regions: the inferior left lung <5 Gy (ILL), the superior left lung <5 Gy (SLL), and the contralateral right lung <5 Gy (RL).Results.Airways (n = 25) in the right lung for all swine showed no significant changes (p = 0.48) in Ai post-RT compared to pre-RT. Airways (n = 28) in the left lung of all swine were found to have a significant decrease (p < 0.001) in Ai post-RT compared to pre-RT, correlated (Pearson R = −0.97) with airway dose. Additionally,WAdecreased significantly (p < 0.001) with airway dose. Lastly, the Jacobian ratio of the ILL (0.883) was lower than that of the SLL (0.932) and the RL (0.955).Conclusions.This work shows that for the swine analyzed, there were significant correlations between Ai andWAchange with radiation dose. Additionally, there was a decrease in lung function in the regions of the lung supplied by the irradiated airways compared to the regions supplied by unirradiated airways. These results support the hypothesis that airway dose should be considered during treatment planning in order to potentially preserve functional lung and reduce lung toxicities.
Elsewhere Catastrophe
Authors: Brickhouse Anna 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis essay explores the problem of what I call “elsewhere catastrophe”: a conviction that catastrophe always occurs outside the US nation, traditionally to the south and the east, or happens to racialized bodies that themselves constitute a kind of beyond. At the same time, American literary history reminds us that the vast knowledge traditions developed by those who faced and still face the structures of ongoing settler colonialism and slavery may provide the best available answers, the strongest critical traction, for facing this century. The project of American literary catastrophism derives in part from a body of theory that Caribbean intellectual history has been developing and refining since the first invasion of the archipelago—and the practice of American literary catastrophism must embrace the many traditions that tell stories, create verse, and generate knowledge about how to live in the midst of world-ending. Through brief readings of Tommy Orange, Herman Melville, and N. K. Jemisin, I propose American literary catastrophism as the project of assembling a broad literary tradition of the hemisphere required of our times.The project of American literary catastrophism . . . is both historicist and deliberately presentist; it moves between both modes . . . attending to an ongoing catastrophe that always recedes, eventually, from dominant public view and memory.
Spatial variation in bidirectional pollinator-mediated interactions between two co-flowering species in serpentine plant communities
Authors: Stanley Aiden M. , Martel Carlos , Arceo-Gómez Gerardo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Pollinator-mediated competition and facilitation are two important mechanisms mediating co-flowering community assembly. Experimental studies, however, have mostly focused on evaluating outcomes for a single interacting partner at a single location. Studies that evaluate spatial variation in the bidirectional effects between co-flowering species are necessary if we aim to advance our understanding of the processes that mediate species coexistence in diverse co-flowering communities. Here, we examine geographic variation (i.e. at landscape level) in bidirectional pollinator-mediated effects between co-flowering Mimulus guttatus and Delphinium uliginosum. We evaluated effects on pollen transfer dynamics (conspecific and heterospecific pollen deposition) and plant reproductive success. We found evidence of asymmetrical effects (one species is disrupted and the other one is facilitated) but the effects were highly dependent on geographical location. Furthermore, effects on pollen transfer dynamics did not always translate to effects on overall plant reproductive success (i.e. pollen tube growth) highlighting the importance of evaluating effects at multiple stages of the pollination process. Overall, our results provide evidence of a spatial mosaic of pollinator-mediated interactions between co-flowering species and suggest that community assembly processes could result from competition and facilitation acting simultaneously. Our study highlights the importance of experimental studies that evaluate the prevalence of competitive and facilitative interactions in the field, and that expand across a wide geographical context, in order to more fully understand the mechanisms that shape plant communities in nature.
The pains of police custody for children: a recipe for injustice and exclusion?
Authors: Bevan Miranda 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis article utilizes the sociology of punishment, particularly the work of Gresham Sykes in 1958, to develop an understanding of the particular pains of police custody for children, drawing on the first comprehensive study in England and Wales to review the police custody process as a whole from the perspective of the child suspect. By identifying the correspondences and contrasts between the experience of adult sentenced prisoners and child suspects in detention, the analysis illuminates the damaging ramifications of harsh custody processes for children, both in terms of their effective participation in the justice process and their ongoing attitudes towards the police.
Combination therapy of thiamine, vitamin C and hydrocortisone in treating patients with sepsis and septic shock: a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis
Authors: Yao Renqi , Zhu Yibing , Yu Yue , Li Zhixuan , Wang Lixue , Zheng Liyu , Li Jingyan , Huang Huibin , Wu Guosheng , Zhu Feng , Xia Zhaofan , Ren Chao , Yao Yongming 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of thiamine and vitamin C with or without hydrocortisone coadministration on the treatment of sepsis and septic shock.

Methods
MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that made a comparative study between the combination therapy of vitamin C and thiamine with or without hydrocortisone and the administration of placebo in patients with sepsis or septic shock. Two reviewers independently performed study selection, data extraction and quality assessment. Both short-term mortality and change in the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score from baseline (delta SOFA) were set as the primary outcomes. Secondary endpoints included intensive care unit (ICU) mortality, new onset of acute kidney injury, total adverse events, ICU and hospital length of stay, duration of vasopressor usage and ventilator-free days. Meanwhile, trial sequential analysis was conducted for primary outcomes.

Results
Eight RCTs with 1428 patients were included in the current study. The results showed no significant reduction of short-term mortality in sepsis and septic shock patients who received combination therapy of vitamin C and thiamine with or without hydrocortisone compared to those with placebo {risk ratio (RR), 1.02 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.87 to 1.20], p = 0.81, I2 = 0%; risk difference (RD), 0 [95% CI, −0.04 to 0.05]}. Nevertheless, the combination therapy was associated with significant reduction in SOFA score [mean difference (MD), −0.63, (95% CI, −0.96 to −0.29, p &lt; 0.001, I2 = 0%] and vasopressors duration (MD, −22.11 [95% CI, −30.46 to −13.77], p &lt; 0.001, I2 = 6%). Additionally, there were no statistical differences in the pooled estimate for other outcomes.

Conclusions
In the current meta-analysis, the combination therapy of vitamin C and thiamine, with or without hydrocortisone had no impact on short-term mortality when compared with placebo, but was associated with significant reduction in SOFA score among patients with sepsis and septic shock.
Sinus bradycardia as the initial manifestation of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children
Authors: Gonzalez K , Mendoza Britto I , Mateu M , Marcano E , De Izaguirre J , Sonshire F , Falcon D , Cardenas A , Ortega R , Morr I , Mendoza Mujica I 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
While cardiovascular complications, including arrhythmias are now a recognized manifestation of Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), there are no reports of primary bradycardia preceding the clinical presentation. We sought to describe a case series of sinus bradycardia as an initial manifestation of MIS-C.

Methods
We included a series of 10 consecutive patients with confirmed COVID-19 who met WHO and CDC criteria for MIS-C, who developed sinus bradycardia with a heart rate measured in the awake state that was below the normal range for age for children, as an initial manifestation of the disease, in a prospective observational multicenter study. Patients underwent clinical, laboratory evaluation, ECG, Holter, telemetry, echocardiogram, chest X Ray, and a chest CT scan.

Results
Of the 10 patients included, 6 were male, with a mean age of 6.52±5.35 years, range 4 months to 14 years. All cases were Hispanic. Bradycardia was transient and did not merit treatment. Coronary abnormalities were noted in 6 cases; 4 patients had mild coronary ectasia; 9 patients had pericardial effusion with no evidence of tamponade. All patients had a mild clinical course; none had shock, heart failure, the need for mechanical ventilation, or died. All blood markers (Troponin, BNP, Platelet count, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, Ferritin) returned to normal levels by discharge/follow-up with a favorable outcome including resolution of coronary dilatation in all but 2 in which aneurysm persisted.

Treatment
All patients received steroids and low-weight-molecular heparin 10 patients, 8 aspirin and 8 intravenous immunoglobulins.

Conclusion
Sinus bradycardia may be the initial manifestation of MIS-C, usually transient and mild. Physicians should be aware of this presentation.

Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None. Kid, MIS-C. Bradycardia/Atrial Rhythm