bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Nomogram Based on a Multiparametric Ultrasound Radiomics Model for Discrimination Between Malignant and Benign Prostate Lesions
Authors: Liang Lei , Zhi Xin , Sun Ya , Li Huarong , Wang Jiajun , Xu Jingxu , Guo Jun 
Published: March 2021

ObjectivesTo evaluate the potential of a clinical-based model, a multiparametric ultrasound-based radiomics model, and a clinical-radiomics combined model for predicting prostate cancer (PCa).MethodsA total of 112 patients with prostate lesions were included in this retrospective study. Among them, 58 patients had no prostate cancer detected by biopsy and 54 patients had prostate cancer. Clinical risk factors related to PCa (age, prostate volume, serum PSA, etc.) were collected in all patients. Prior to surgery, patients received transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), shear-wave elastography (SWE) and TRUS-guided prostate biopsy. We used the five-fold cross-validation method to verify the results of training and validation sets of different models. The images were manually delineated and registered. All modes of ultrasound radiomics were retrieved. Machine learning used the pathology of “12+X” biopsy as a reference to draw the benign and malignant regions of interest (ROI) through the application of LASSO regression. Three models were developed to predict the PCa: a clinical model, a multiparametric ultrasound-based radiomics model and a clinical-radiomics combined model. The diagnostic performance and clinical net benefit of each model were compared by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis and decision curve.ResultsThe multiparametric ultrasound radiomics reached area under the curve (AUC) of 0.85 for predicting PCa, meanwhile, AUC of B-mode radiomics and SWE radiomics were 0.74 and 0.80, respectively. Additionally, the clinical-radiomics combined model (AUC: 0.90) achieved greater predictive efficacy than the radiomics model (AUC: 0.85) and clinical model (AUC: 0.84). The decision curve analysis also showed that the combined model had higher net benefits in a wide range of high risk threshold than either the radiomics model or the clinical model.ConclusionsClinical-radiomics combined model can improve the accuracy of PCa predictions both in terms of diagnostic performance and clinical net benefit, compared with evaluating only clinical risk factors or radiomics score associated with PCa.
Risk of Recurrent Coronary Events in Patients With Familial Hypercholesterolemia; A 10-Years Prospective Study
Authors: Arnesen Kjell-Erik , Phung Ann Vinh , Randsborg Karoline , Mork Irene , Thorvall Marlene , Langslet Gisle , Svilaas Arne , Wium Cecilie , Ose Leiv , Retterstøl Kjetil 
Published: March 2021

Background and Aim: Real world evidence on long term treatment of patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is important. We studied the effects of intensive lipid lowering medication (LLM) and optimized lifestyle in the study TTTFH–Treat To Target FH.Materials and Methods: Adults with a first known total cholesterol of mean (95% CI) 9.8 mmol/L (9.5, 10.1) were included consecutively in their routine consultation during 2006. Of the patients 86.4% had a pathogenic FH-mutation and the remaining were clinically diagnosed. We included 357 patients and 279 met for follow-up after median 10.0 (min 8.1, max 12.8) years.Results: Mean (95% CI) low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) was reduced from 3.9 (3.8, 4.1) to 3.0 (2.9, 3.2). More men than women used high intensity statin treatment, 85.2 and 60.8%, respectively. Women (n = 129) had higher LDL-C; 3.3 mmol/L (3.0, 3.5), than men; (n = 144) 2.8 mmol/L (2.6, 3.0), p = 0.004. Add-on PCSK9 inhibitors (n = 25) reduced mean LDL-C to 2.0 (1.4, 2.6) mmol/L. At enrollment 57 patients (20.4%) had established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), and 46 (80.4%) of them experienced a new event during the study period. Similarly, 222 (79.6%) patients had no detectable ASCVD at enrollment, and 29 of them (13.1%) experienced a first-time event during the study period.Conclusion: A mean LDL-C of 3.0 mmol/L was achievable in FH, treated intensively at a specialized clinic with few users of PCSK9 inhibitors. LDL-C was higher (0.5 mmol/L) in women than in men. In patients with ASCVD at enrollment, most (80.7%) experienced a new ASCVD event in the study period. The FH patients in primary prevention had more moderate CV risk, 13% in ten years.
Plasma Levels of Neuron- and Astrocyte-Derived Exosomal Amyloid Beta1-42, Amyloid Beta1-40, and Phosphorylated Tau Levels in Schizophrenia Patients and Non-psychiatric Comparison Subjects: Relationships With Cognitive Functioning and Psychopathology
Authors: Lee Ellen E. , Winston-Gray Charisse , Barlow James W. , Rissman Robert A. , Jeste Dilip V. 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Cognitive deficits in people with schizophrenia (PWS) are a major predictor of disability and functioning, yet the underlying pathophysiology remains unclear. A possible role of amyloid and tau biomarkers (hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease) is still speculative in schizophrenia. Exosomes or extracellular vesicles, involved with cell-to-cell communication and waste removal, can be used to assay brain-based proteins from peripheral blood. To our knowledge, this is the first study of exosomal amyloid and tau protein levels in PWS.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 60 PWS and 60 age- and sex-comparable non-psychiatric comparison subjects (NCs), age range 26–65 years. Assessments of global cognitive screening, executive functioning, psychopathology, and physical measures were conducted. Exosomes were extracted and precipitated from fasting plasma and identified as neuron-derived exosomes (NDEs) or astrocyte-derived exosomes (ADEs). Human-specific ELISAs were used to assay levels of amyloid-beta 1-42 (Aβ42), amyloid-beta 1-40 (Aβ40), and phosphorylated T181 tau (P-T181-tau). Plasma assays for aging biomarkers (C-reactive protein and F2-isoprostanes) were also performed.Results: ADE-Aβ42 levels were higher in PWS compared to NCs, though the other exosomal markers were similar between the two groups. Higher ADE-P-T181-tau levels were associated with worse executive functioning. Among PWS, higher ADE-P-T181-tau levels were associated with less severe negative symptoms and increased F2-isoprostane levels. Astrocyte-derived Aβ marker levels were sensitive and specific in differentiating between diagnostic groups. Among PWS, Aβ40 levels differed most by exosomal origin.Discussion: Exosomal markers may provide novel insights into brain-based processes (e.g., aging, oxidative stress) from peripheral blood samples.
Nilai Nasionalisme Dan Anti Radikalisme Dalam Pendidikan Multikultural
Authors: Cipta Prakasih Raga , Firman Firman , Rusdinal Rusdinal 
Published: March 2021

Pendidikan Multikultural adalah pendekatan pembelajaran yang memberikan kesempatan kepada peserta didik untuk merubah pola pikir terhadap makna kesatuan dan persatuan dalam keberagaman sebagai landasan utama sikap cinta tanah air di Indonesia. Pendidikan Multikultural sebagai alat dalam pembelajaran memberikan kesempatan kepada peserta didik agar mampu berperan dalam penanaman sikap toleransi dan kerukunan di tengah masyarakat untuk mencapai masyarakat madani yang berperikemanusiaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pentingnya Pendidikan multicultural dicantumkan dalam proses Pendidikan disekolah demi tercapainya masyarakat Indonesia yang madani dan bermoral. Metode penelitian yang fokus pada upaya pendeskripsian objek yang diteliti dengan mengumpulkan informasi yang relevan dan berkaitan dengan inti permasalahan yang dibahas melalui studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu nilai-nilai karakter nasionalisme dalam pendidikan multicultural dapat disertakan dalam proses belajar mengajar sehari-hari melalui penyertaan nilai-nilai sikap kebangsaan dalam setiap materi ajar pada setiap mata pelajaran. Radikalisme sebagai masalah baru dalam penanaman nilai nasionalisme perlu dipandang sebagai tantangan tersendiri dalam upaya penanaman nilai pluralisme dan kerukunan ditengah masyarakat. Penyertaan program pendidikan multikultur bernilai kebangsaan dapat didasarkan kepada lima dimensi yaitu: (1) penyesuaian konten, (2) proses penyusunan pengetahuan, (3) mereduksi prasangka, (4) kesetaraan pedagogi, serta (5) budaya dan struktur kehidupan sekolah yang membiasakan sikap toleransi.
Model Pembelajaran ARIAS (Assurance, Relevance, Interest, Assesment, Satisfaction) Melalui Media Kartu Bergambar dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis Pantun
Authors: Margawati Sri 
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan (1) Proses pembelajaran menulis pantun menggunakan model pembelajaran ARIAS (Assurance, Relevance, Interest, Assesment, Satisfaction) dengan media kartu bergambar pada siswa kelas VII.1 SMP Negeri 5 Depok; (2) Peningkatan keterampilan menulis pantun menggunakan model pembelajaran ARIAS (Assurance, Relevance, Interest, Assesment, Satisfaction) dengan media kartu bergambar pada siswa kelas VII.1 SMP Negeri 5 Depok; (3) Perubahan perilaku belajar siswa kelas VII.1 SMP Negeri 5 Depok dalam mengikuti pembelajaran menulis pantun menggunakan model pembelajaran ARIAS (Assurance, Relevance, Interest, Assesment, Satisfaction) dengan media kartu bergambar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri dari dua siklus. Setiap siklus meliputi tahapan perencanaan, tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Kumpulkan data melalui pengujian dan non-pengujian. Alat pengumpul data berupa pedoman observasi, jurnal, pedoman wawancara dan lain-lain. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dapat diketahui bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran ARIAS (Assurance, Relevance, Interest, Evaluation, Satisfaction) dengan media kartu mitra untuk pembelajaran rhyme mengalami peningkatan yang sangat pesat. Hal tersebut terlihat dari rata-rata periode pertama sebesar 78,25. Pada Siklus II rata-rata 85,83 atau meningkat 7,58. Demikian pula dengan perilaku belajar siawa. Perilaku belajar siswa mengalami perubahan ke arah lebih baik dari sebelumnya.
La identidad como problema en las "Españas" de Manuel Vilas
Authors: Benson Ken , Cruz Suárez Juan Carlos 
Published: March 2021

Es el propio Manuel Vilas quien en una entrevista publicada poco después de la aparición de su obra España nos hace ver que uno de los problemas de fondo que surgen de la lectura de esta obra es el de la identidad. Esta novela irónica, poliédrica y fragmentada se convierte en un claro ejercicio literario e intelectual destinado, entre otras cosas, a explorar los límites de una identidad social y cultural compleja. Esa complejidad se sostiene sobre múltiples variantes, todas parte a su vez de la manera en la que se ha construido el espacio sociocultural de la España surgida después de la Transición, y por tanto, como hija de esta. España –la novela– es un claro ejemplo de la manera en la que los discursos literarios generan, a través de la elección de una forma concreta, una suerte de écfrasis –de proceso intermedial– a través de la cual divisamos las distintas caras de ese mismo proceso de construcción sociocultural, es decir, la misma manera en la que se genera una visión de España como modelo de país y de cultura.
Possible Evidence of Hydrogen Emission in the First-overtone and Multimode RR Lyrae Variables
Authors: Duan 段 Xiao-Wei 晓苇 , Chen 陈 Xiao-Dian 孝钿 , Deng 邓 Li-Cai 李才 , Yang 杨 Fan 帆 , Liu 刘 Chao 超 , Bhardwaj Anupam , Zhang 张 Hua-Wei 华伟 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The nature of shock waves in nonfundamental mode RR Lyrae stars remains a mystery because of limited spectroscopic observations. We apply a pattern recognition algorithm on spectroscopic data from SDSS and LAMOST and report the first evidence of hydrogen emission in first-overtone (RRc) and multimode (RRd) RR Lyrae stars showing the “first apparition,” which is the most prominent observational characteristic of shock in RR Lyrae variables. We find 10 RRc stars in SDSS, 10 RRc stars in LAMOST, and 3 RRd stars in LAMOST that show blueshifted Balmer emissions. The emission features possibly indicate the existence of shock waves. We calculate the radial velocities of the emission lines, which are related to the physical conditions occurring in the radiative zone of shock waves. Using photometric observations from ZTF, we present a detailed light-curve analysis for the frequency components in one of our RRd stars with hydrogen emission, RRdl3, for possible modulations. With the enormous volume of upcoming spectral observations of variable stars, our study raises the possibility of connecting the unexplained Blazhko effect to shock waves in nonfundamental mode RR Lyrae stars.
Construction of Explicit Symplectic Integrators in General Relativity. II. Reissner–Nordström Black Holes
Authors: Wang Ying , Sun Wei , Liu Fuyao , Wu Xin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In a previous paper, second- and fourth-order explicit symplectic integrators were designed for a Hamiltonian of the Schwarzschild black hole. Following this work, we continue to trace the possibility of construction of explicit symplectic integrators for a Hamiltonian of charged particles moving around a Reissner–Nordström black hole with an external magnetic field. Such explicit symplectic methods are still available when the Hamiltonian is separated into five independently integrable parts with analytical solutions as explicit functions of proper time. Numerical tests show that the proposed algorithms share desirable properties in their long-term stability, precision, and efficiency for appropriate choices of step size. For the applicability of one of the new algorithms, the effects of black hole’s charge, the Coulomb part of the electromagnetic potential and the magnetic parameter on the dynamical behavior are surveyed. Under some circumstances, the extent of chaos becomes strong with an increase of the magnetic parameter from a global phase-space structure. No variation of the black hole’s charge other than the Coulomb part affects the regular and chaotic dynamics of the particles’ orbits. A positive Coulomb part more easily induces chaos than a negative one.
A Cuspy Dark Matter Halo
Authors: Shi Yong , Zhang Zhi-Yu , Wang Junzhi , Chen Jianhang , Gu Qiusheng , Yu Xiaoling , Li Songlin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The cusp–core problem is one of the main challenges of the cold dark matter paradigm on small scales; the density of a dark matter halo is predicted to rise rapidly toward the center as ρ(r) ∝ r

α
with α between −1 and −1.5, while such a cuspy profile has not been clearly observed. We have carried out the spatially resolved mapping of gas dynamics toward a nearby ultradiffuse galaxy (UDG), AGC 242019. The derived rotation curve of dark matter is well fitted by the cuspy profile as described by the Navarro–Frenk–White model, while the cored profiles including both the pseudo-isothermal and Burkert models are excluded. The halo has α = −(0.90 ± 0.08) at the innermost radius of 0.67 kpc, M
halo = (3.5 ± 1.2) × 1010
M
⊙, and a small concentration of 2.0 ± 0.36. The UDG AGC 242019 challenges alternatives of cold dark matter by constraining the particle mass of fuzzy dark matter to be <0.11 × 10−22 or >3.3 × 10−22 eV, the cross section of self-interacting dark matter to be <1.63 cm2 g−1, and the particle mass of warm dark matter to be >0.23 keV, all of which are in tension with other constraints. The modified Newtonian dynamics is also inconsistent with a shallow radial acceleration relationship of AGC 242019. For the feedback scenario that transforms a cusp to a core, AGC 242019 disagrees with the stellar-to-halo mass ratio dependent model but agrees with the star formation threshold dependent model. As a UDG, AGC 242019 is in a dwarf-sized halo with weak stellar feedback, late formation time, normal baryonic spin, and low star formation efficiency (SFR/gas).
VLA Imaging of H i-bearing Ultra-diffuse Galaxies from the ALFALFA Survey
Authors: Gault Lexi , Leisman Lukas , Adams Elizabeth A. K. , Mancera Piña Pavel E. , Reiter Kameron , Smith Nicholas , Battipaglia Michael , Cannon John M. , Fraternali Filippo , Haynes Martha P. , McAllan Elizabeth , Pagel Hannah J. , Rhode Katherine L. , Salzer John J. , Singer Quinton 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Ultra-diffuse galaxies have generated significant interest due to their large optical extents and low optical surface brightnesses, which challenge galaxy formation models. Here we present resolved synthesis observations of 12 H i-bearing ultra-diffuse galaxies (HUDs) from the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array, as well as deep optical imaging from the WIYN 3.5 m telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory. We present the data processing and images, including total intensity H i maps and H i velocity fields. The HUDs show ordered gas distributions and evidence of rotation, important prerequisites for the detailed kinematic models of Mancera Piña et al. We compare the H i and stellar alignment and extent, and find that H i extends beyond the already extended stellar component and the H i disk is often misaligned with respect to the stellar one, emphasizing the importance of caution when approaching inclination measurements for these extreme sources. We explore the H i mass–diameter scaling relation, and find that, although the HUDs have diffuse stellar populations, they fall along the relation with typical global H i surface densities. This resolved sample forms an important basis for more detailed study of the H i distribution in this extreme extragalactic population.
On Strong Correlation between Shifted Velocity and Line Width of Broad Blueshifted [O iii] Components in Quasars
Authors: Zhang XueGuang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We report strong linear correlation between shifted velocity and line width of the broad blueshifted [O iii] components in Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) quasars. Broad blueshifted [O iii] components are commonly treated as indicators of outflows related to a central engine; however, it is still an open question whether the outflows are related to central accretion properties or related to local physical properties of narrow emission-line regions (NLRs). Here, the reported strong linear correlation with Spearman rank correlation coefficient 0.75 can be expected under the assumption of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) feedback-driven outflows, through a large sample of 535 SDSS quasars with reliable blueshifted broad [O iii] components. Moreover, there are very different detection rates for broad blueshifted and broad redshifted [O iii] components in quasars, and no positive correlation can be found between shifted velocity and line width of the broad redshifted [O iii] components, which provides further and strong evidence to reject the possibility of local outflows in NLRs leading to the broad blueshifted [O iii] components in quasars. Thus, the strong linear correlation can be treated as strong evidence for the broad blueshifted [O iii] components being better indicators of outflows related to central engine in AGNs. Furthermore, rather than central black hole masses, Eddington ratios and continuum luminosities have key roles in the properties of the broad blueshifted [O iii] components in quasars.
Négocier et contester au Conseil des droits de l’homme des Nations Unies
Authors: Albaret Mélanie 
Published: March 2021

À partir d’un travail de recherche empirique mené au Conseil des droits de l’homme (CDH) (observation directe de la 41 e session du CDH, discussions informelles avec des acteurs, entretiens semi-directifs), je démontre que la forme des négociations au CDH participe de l’euphémisation de la contestation, de son intégration dans le jeu classique des négociations, ce qui permet au jeu de continuer de se dérouler malgré les conflits. Le contexte de négociation genevois se distingue de celui de New York qui paraît moins prévisible aux acteurs. Couplée à la relative ouverture du CDH et à la fluidité des acteurs, cette configuration favorise l’expression de la contestation par les prises de parole (Hirschman, 1995). Celles-ci n’interrompent pas les négociations qui se poursuivent, même si elles se déplacent vers d’autres enjeux, dans d’autres lieux comme à New York, ce qui conduit à réinscrire ces processus dans un contexte structurel plus large (Strauss, 1978). Ce faisant, je mets en avant que ce qui se joue au CDH n’est ni strictement genevois, ni même uniquement lié aux droits humains. Se renégocient constamment l’« ordre onusien » et ses caractéristiques hiérarchiques, interétatique et libérale.
Covid‑19, réseaux sociaux et culture pop dans la péninsule Arabique
Authors: Lagrange Frédéric 
Published: March 2021

La crise pandémique qui s’est abattue sur le monde depuis février 2020 s’est traduite, dans les pays de la péninsule Arabique comme ailleurs, en une grande diversité de productions culturelles médiatisés : chansons, poèmes, plaisanteries, sketches vidéos comiques, mèmes internet, programmes de divertissement diffusés sur les réseaux sociaux ou sur les chaines de télévision officielles et satellitaires, s’inscrivant dans la « culture populaire digitale » de la région. Certaines reflètent les politiques des États face à l’urgence, relayées par des artistes et des « influenceurs » au service spontané ou commandé des autorités. D’autres laissaient observer des réactions individuelles à la crise, exprimant (dans les limites tolérables par une surveillance pointilleuse des discours diffusés) la peur, l’ennui, ou une attitude sarcastique sur les comportements de sociétés obligées de bouleverser leurs habitudes. Que disent ces vidéos, ces mèmes ou chansons de propre aux sociétés de la péninsule Arabique ? Si une partie reproduit dans une déclinaison locale des thématiques planétaires, d'autres formes sont davantage régionales : les « chansons‑corona », sur un ton martial, satirique ou pathétique ; les plaisanteries sur la présence des hommes dans l’espace domestique privé homosocial, ou encore l’encodage du rapport local‑étranger qu’on y retrouve, que l’étranger soit « de l’intérieur », comme le travailleur immigré, qu’il soit le voisin régional allié ou ennemi, ou enfin celui par qui le mal arrive ou qu’il frappe, dans un ailleurs lointain. Cet essai analyse comment ces productions traduisent ou négocient leur décodage des politiques étatiques et des défis posés par la présence de ces « citoyens impossibles » (Neha Vora) dans les monarchies de la région ayant adopté un modèle de gestion des migrations transnationales anti-intégrateur devant une menace sanitaire plaçant l’ensemble de la population face à un même péril.