bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current Recommendations for the Management of Cancer-Associated Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Makó Katalin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) is a major cause of death in oncological patients. The mechanisms of thrombogenesis in cancer patients are not fully established, and it seems to be multifactorial in origin. Also, several risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) are present in these patients such as tumor site, stage, histology of cancer, chemotherapy, surgery, and immobilization. Anticoagulant treatment in CAT is challenging because of high bleeding risk during treatment and recurrence of VTE. Current major guidelines recommend low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) for early and long-term treatment of VTE in cancer patients. In the past years, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are recommended as potential treatment option for VTE and have recently been proposed as a new option for treating CAT. This manuscript will give a short overview of risk factors involved in the development of CAT and a summary on the recent recommendations and guidelines for treatment of VTE in patients with malignancies, discussing also some special clinical situations (e.g. renal impairment, catheter-related thrombosis, and thrombocytopenia).
Site-specific Phenotype of Atherosclerotic Lesions According to Their Location Within the Coronary Tree – a CCTA-based Study of Vulnerable Plaques
Authors: Opincariu Diana , Rat Nora , Mester Andras , Hodas Roxana , Cernica Daniel , Pasaroiu Dan , Ratiu Mihaela , Chitu Monica , Kovacs Istvan , Benedek Imre , Benedek Theodora 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background: The evaluation of site-specific phenotype according to the topographic location of atherosclerotic lesions within the coronary tree has not been studied so far. The present study is based on the premise that the location of coronary plaques can influence their composition and degree of vulnerability. Aim: To evaluate different phenotypes of vulnerable coronary plaques across the three major coronary arteries in terms of composition, morphology, and degree of vulnerability, in patients with chest pain and low-to-intermediate probability of coronary artery disease, using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and a complex plaque analysis. Material and methods: This was a cross-sectional study on 75 subjects undergoing CCTA for chest pain, who presented at least one vulnerable coronary plaque (VP), defined as the presence of ≥1 CT vulnerability marker (low attenuation plaque, napkin-ring sign, spotty calcifications, positive remodeling). The study included per plaque analysis of 90 vulnerable coronary lesions identified in various locations within the coronary tree as follows: n = 30 VPs in the left anterior descending artery (LAD), n = 30 VPs in the circumflex artery (CXA), and n = 30 VPs in the right coronary artery (RCA). Results: The RCA exhibited significantly longer VPs (p = 0.001), with the largest volume (p = 0.0007) compared to those arising from the LAD and CXA. Vulnerable plaques located in the LAD exhibited a significantly more calcified phenotype (calcified volume: LAD – 44.07 ± 63.90 mm3 vs. CXA – 12.40 ± 19.65 mm3 vs. RCA – 33.69 ± 34.38 mm3, p = 0.002). Plaques from the RCA presented a more non-calcified phenotype, with the largest non-calcified (p = 0.002), lipid rich (p = 0.0005), and fibrotic volumes (p = 0.003). Low-attenuation plaques were most frequent in the RCA (p = 0.0009), while the highest vulnerability degree was present in lesions located in the LAD, which presented the highest number of vulnerability markers per plaque (p = 0.01). Conclusions: Vulnerable plaques arising from the right coronary artery are longer, more vo-luminous and with larger lipid and non-calcified content, whereas those located in the left anterior descending artery present a higher volume of calcium, but also a higher degree of vulnerability. The least vulnerable lesions were present in the circumflex artery.
The Risk of Thrombotic Events in Anetoderma Affecting Young Patients
Authors: Chiriac Anca E. , Betiu Mircea , Podoleanu Cristian , Stolnicu Simona 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Anetoderma is a rare skin disease, and its associated risk of thromboembolic events is unknown. Anetoderma is characterized by focal injury of elastic fibers in the dermis, clinically expressed by atrophic skin lesions. We report the case of a young person with anetoderma, drawing attention to the risk of associated thromboembolic peril.
Smoking Habit and Correlation with Hand Eczema in Healthcare Workers in the Time of COVID-19
Authors: Chiriac Anca E. , Azoicai Doina , Wollina Uwe , Chiriac Anca , Podoleanu Cristian , Stolnicu Simona 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background: Hand eczema, in time of COVID-19, is one of the most frequently diagnosed skin disorders in nurses. In this study, we sought to investigate whether smoking could be an additional risk factor for hand eczema in nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Using a questionnaire about smoking details and hand eczema, we conducted a study among nurses involved in the frontline management of COVID-19 patients. A total of 1,000 questionnaires were sent out. The questionnaires were anonymous and based on self-reported answers, with no clinical examination or medical data evaluation. All nurses enrolled in the study were women, working in shifts for the last three months since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: Two-hundred forty-seven questionnaires were accepted for the study, after eliminating non-responders and nurses without hand eczema. The majority of nurses denied smoking (87.85%) in the past and at the moment of the study. Statistics related to years of smoking and occurrence of hand eczema showed no increase in the number of cases in correlation with the number of years of smoking. Similarly, a random distribution of cases of hand eczema was observed when compared to the number of cigarettes per day. Conclusion: Our data does not support the hypothesis that smoking is an independent risk factor for the development of occupational hand eczema during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Characteristics, Manifestations and Cardiopulmonary Imaging (CT/MRI) of COVID-19 in SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Rus Abigaela , Rat Nora , Chitu Monica , Benedek Imre 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. The novel coronavirus has diverse manifestations, usually similar to a common cold or influenza. The majority of patients with coronavirus disease have typical imaging features. The typical CT characteristics of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia are ground-glass opacities and consolidative lesions with a peripheral and posterior distribution. Noninvasive imaging methods are precise and rapid means of diagnosing pneumonia and cardiovascular complications caused by COVID-19 infection. Therefore, it is important for clinicians to understand the implications of this pandemic and to be familiar with the different imaging aspects of the novel coronavirus disease. This review focuses on the most commonly reported imaging findings of COVID-19 infection in different patients from different countries, the expert recommendations, and the cardiac manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Gasping on Oxygen: A Case Report on Toxic Methemoglobinemia
Authors: Sahadevan Mahavishnu , Mahendran Menaka , Govindan Subasini , Viswanathan Thilagavathi Thanusia 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We report the case of a 27-year-old male patient who presented with refractory hypoxemia following the alleged inhalation of an unknown substance. The patient appeared to show worsening cyanosis despite increment of supplemental oxygenation. A drawn sample of the patient’s blood appeared chocolate brown in color, and disparity was noted between the patient’s oxygen saturation (SaO2) in his blood against the pulse oximetry (SpO2) reading. A diagnosis of toxic methemoglobinemia was established following elevated levels of methemoglobin discovered in his blood. The patient was started on methylene blue and instantaneously recovered without any complications. Methemoglobinemia should be suspected in any patient with refractory cyanosis, and early recognition of this condition could be potentially lifesaving.
Malaria and Insecticide-Treated Net (ITN) Utilization among Orphans and Vulnerable Children in Nigeria
Authors: Oyeyemi Oyetunde T. , Akinseye Kehinde M. , Odewuyi Iyanuoluwa I. , Olayinka Rashidat O. , Ajibawo Oluwasegun E. , Ogunleye Imoleayo A. , Oyeyemi Ifeoluwa I. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background: The lack of empirical data on the malaria status of orphans and vulnerable children (OVC), access to long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs), and knowledge about the disease can hamper the development of effective policies and programs to address their malaria-related needs. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate knowledge of malaria transmission and utilization of LLINs among OVC in Ondo metropolis, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Ondo City, Ondo State, Nigeria, between January and March 2018. The study was carried out among 66 OVC (age 5–19 years) using questionnaires. Information on socio-demography, LLIN utilization, knowledge and risks of malaria transmission among OVC was sought. Results: The use of LLINs (80.9%) among OVC was significantly higher than the use of insecticide spray (6.1%) and mosquito coils (12.1%) (p <0.0001). Knowledge about malaria transmission was relatively high, and the majority of children (60.6%) believed malaria is mostly transmitted during the dry season. Fewer children (21.2%) had a history of malaria in the last 3 months. Conclusions: The risk of malaria transmission was low among OVC. Continuous accessibility of orphanage homes to LLINs should be sustained to prevent malaria transmission among OVC.
Unresponsive Severe Aplastic Anemia in a Young Patient: Case Report and Short Review of the Literature
Authors: Bădulescu Oana Viola , Popescu Diana , Bădescu Minerva Codruța , Dima Nicoleta , Gănceanu-Rusu Ana-Roxana , Rezuș Ciprian 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Aplastic anemia or medullary aplasia is a medical condition characterized by pancytopenia and is associated with a high prevalence of morbidity and mortality. In patients in whom bone marrow transplantation cannot be attempted, an immunosuppressive regimen is considered to be the first-line therapy. Also, the addition of eltrombopag from the first day of immunosuppressive treatment seems to significantly increase response rate. Unfortunately, there are a small number of patients who remain unresponsive to all these therapies. Here we present the case of a young woman who was referred by the family doctor complaining of marked physical asthenia, new onset dyspnea, and dizziness. Apart from a severe pancytopenia, no further changes have been brought to light by paraclinical investigations. After multiple secondary causes were excluded, the patient was diagnosed with idiopathic aplastic anemia. Even if bone marrow transplant was the first-line therapy in this case, because of the severe leukopenia, it was not possible to determine the HLA type. Therefore, the patient was prescribed immunosuppressive treatment. Despite the three drug-associated therapy (horse anti-thymocyte globulin, cyclosporin A, and eltrombopag), the response was unsatisfactory, with the persistence of severe pancytopenia.
Hybrid Imaging to Assess the Impact of Vulnerable Plaque on Post Myocardial Infarction Myocardial Scar
Authors: Stănescu Alexandra , Manuca Rareș , Togănel Rodica , Cernica Daniel , Benedek Theodora , Benedek Imre 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background: Multimodality imaging improves the accuracy of cardiac assessment in patients with prior myocardial infarction. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between coronary plaque vulnerability (PV) and myocardial viability in the territory irrigated by the infarct-related artery (IRA). Secondary objectives include evaluation of the systemic inflammation but also different cardiac risk scores (SYNTAX score, Duke jeopardy score, or calcium score) using hybrid imaging models of coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in patients who have suffered a previous myocardial infarction (MI). Material and methods: The study included 45 subjects with documented MI in the 30 days prior to study enrolment, who underwent CCTA and CMR examinations. Computational postprocessing of CCTA and CMR images was used to generate fused imaging models. Based on the vulnerability degree of the associated non-culprit lesion located proximally in the IRA, the study population was divided into 3 groups: Group 1 – subjects with no sign of vulnerability (n = 7); Group 2 – subjects with 1 or 2 CT vulnerability features (n = 28); and Group 3 – subjects with >2 features of vulnerability (n = 12). Results: CCTA features indicative for the severity of coronary artery disease were not different between groups in terms of calcium scoring (460 ± 501 vs. 579 ± 430 vs. 432 ± 494, p = 0.7) or SYNTAX score (25 ± 9.2 vs. 24.9 ± 8.3 vs. 20.2 ± 11.9, p = 0.4). However, after 1 month, infarct size and the Duke jeopardy score were associated with increased PV (infarct size 8.77 ± 3.4 g in Group 1, compared to 20.87 ± 8.3 g in Group 2 and 27.99 ± 11.8 g in Group 3 (p = 0.007), while the Duke jeopardy score was 4.4 ± 1.6 in Group 1, vs. 7.07 ± 2.1 in Group 2 vs. 7.5 ± 1.73 in Group 3 (p = 0.01). Inflammatory biomarkers were directly associated with coronary plaque vulnerability (p = 0.007 for hs-CRP and p = 0.038 for MMP-9). Conclusion: In patients with prior myocardial infarction, the size of myocardial scar was directly correlated with the vulnerability degree of coronary plaques and with systemic inflammation quantified during the acute phase of the coronary event. Hybrid imaging may help to identify the hemodynamically significant plaques with superior accuracy.
Factors Associated with Pain Intensity in Patients Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment Based on Mini-Implants
Authors: Bud Eugen , Vlasa Alexandru , Chibelean Manuela , Martha Krisztina , Păcurar Mariana , Bud Anamaria , Esian Daniela 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Introduction: Pain is currently reported as the most common side effect associated with orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors associated with the intensity of pain perception during orthodontic procedures consisting in anesthesia, orthodontic mini-implant placement and removal, as well as during the postoperative period following these procedures. Material and Methods: The study included 50 young adults with a permanent dentition in need of orthodontic treatment. The pain assessment was based on visual analogue scale (VAS), using self-report questions from approved questionnaires. Pain severity was analyzed in relation to: anesthesia, implant placement, implant removal, implant movement, elastic traction and gingiva/bone pain around the implant. The study lot was divided into Group 1 – patients experiencing a pain degree of 1 or 2, and Group 2 – patients experiencing a pain degree of 3 or 4 during implant placement. Results: The maximum pain intensity (PI) was recorded during implant placement, which has been associated with a PI of 2.4 ± 0.8 (95% CI: 2.17–2.63), followed by implant removal (PI = 2.36 ± 0.66, 95% CI: 2.17–2.54), gingiva/bone pain around the implant (PI = 2.32 ± 2.58, 95% CI: 2.15–2.48), and elastic traction (PI = 2.26 ± 0.63, 95% CI: 2.08–2.44). Male gender was present in a significantly higher extent in the group of patients presenting a high intensity pain during implant placement (86.3% in Group 2 vs. 3.5% in Group 1, p <0.0001). The age group most sensitive to pain was 18 to 21 years. Conclusions: In our study, pain perception was significantly higher in males and in the 18–21 years age group. The most painful procedure during surgery was the initial moment of implant placement, followed by the moment of implant removal, gingival/bone pain around the implant, and the elastic tractions placed on the implant during anchorage.
A Review of Anti-C Reactive Protein Antibodies in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Richter Patricia , Burlui Alexandra , Bratoiu Ioana , Cardoneanu Anca , Rezus Ciprian , Rezus Elena 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the prototype autoimmune disease, is characterized by the production of a plethora of autoantibodies with various roles in the development of disease-related tissue damage. C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute phase reactant with a pentameric structure. Under acidic or alkaline conditions, or when urea levels are high and/or calcium levels are low, the pentamer (pCRP) dissociates irreversibly into monomeric CRP (mCRP) and exposes new epitopes (neo-CRP). Importantly, anti-mCRP (but not anti-pCRP) antibodies have been described in patients with SLE, their prevalence varying from 4% to 78% in different cohorts. Numerous studies have investigated the relationship between autoantibodies directed against CRP (anti-CRP) and disease activity as well as their association with lupus nephritis (LN), frequently reporting discrepant findings. The main objective of the present review is to describe the role of anti-mCRP antibodies in SLE according to the currently available data.
Digestive Dysbiosis in Systemic Scleroderma: a Review
Authors: Bratoiu Ioana , Burlui Alexandra , Richter Patricia , Cardoneanu Anca , Rezus Ciprian , Rezus Elena 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by widespread microvasculopathy, inflammation, and fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. The involvement of the gastrointestinal tract is associated with a wide variety of symptoms and affects circa 90% of patients during the course of the disease. The gastrointestinal microbiota contains trillions of microbial cells and has been found to contribute to both local and systemic homeostasis. In both health and disease, a dynamic interrelationship between gut microbiome activity and the host immune system has been identified. Gastrointestinal dysbiosis has been described as having an important role in obesity, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, cardiovascular and neuropsychiatric disorders, neoplasia, as well as autoimmunity. Recent scientific data indicates a notable role of dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of SSc-related digestive involvement together with various other clinical manifestations. The present review aims to summarize the recent findings regarding digestive dysbiosis as well as the relationship between gastrointestinal microbiota and certain features of SSc.
Evaluation of an Alternative Depression Therapy Using Bioresonance
Authors: Muresan Daniela , Salcudean Andreea , Barbu Bogdan Viorel , Bodo Cristina Raluca , Grecu Iosif Gaboș 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background: Bioresonance therapy is a holistic physical method used in the treatment of various diseases. Aim of the study: The aim of the present paper was to evaluate the effect of bioresonance therapy in patients with recurrent major depressive disorder and with mild or moderate depressive episodes, respectively, without any other pharmacological, psychological, or other type of treatment. Methods: We selected 40 patients diagnosed with recurrent depressive disorder and bioresonance therapy as the only treatment. Assessment of the level of depression was achieved by measuring the biorhythm with the bioresonance device and by applying the Hamilton Depression Inventory questionnaire, with 17 items, at the beginning and the end of five weeks of treatment. Results: We identified a statistically significant decrease in depression levels as quantified by the HAM-D 17 scale, between the initial and final phase of therapy (p = 0.0001). Conclusions: Our results suggest that bioresonance therapy can decrease the level of depression in patients with recurrent depressive disorder, with mild and moderate depressive episodes.
Ilio-Deep Femoral Bypass – an Alternative Treatment Strategy to Critical Limb Ischemia (CLI)
Authors: Muresan Vasile Adrian , Cosarca Mircea Catalin , Russu Eliza , Niculescu Raluca , Soimu Mihai 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background: Critical limb ischemia is considered the most severe form of peripheral artery disease. High morbidity and mortality rates are associated with this pathology due to poor economic management of complications. Case summary: A 68-year-old female patient underwent a routine Doppler ultrasound which revealed the obstruction of both the common and superficial right femoral arteries, as well as the right deep femoral artery. In this case, an iliofemoral bypass was performed using the right deep femoral artery as the outflow artery. Conclusion: Revascularization of the deep femoral artery has a reasonable chance of preserving the ischemic lower limb whenever the common and superficial femoral arteries suffer major atherosclerotic blockages.
Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study on the Incidence of Endodontic Filling Biomaterials Resorption in Patients With/Without Orthodontic Treatment
Authors: Bud Eugen , Păcurar Mariana , Vlasa Alexandru , Bica Cristina , Martha Krisztina , Eșian Daniela , Bukhari Csilla , Lazăr Luminita , Bud Anamaria 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background: The differential diagnosis of endodontic and periodontal diseases can sometimes be clinically difficult, but it is vital to establish a correct diagnosis so that predictable treatment can be offered. Aim: The aim of this study was to highlight the prevalence of endo-periodontal lesions in the frontal dental group of the lower jaw depending on the degree of bone resorption as well as endodontic filling resorption in different patients, some of them with orthodontic treatment, using conical beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and methods: A number of 31 CBCT imaging volumes and the medical records of these patients were selected for analysis by an experienced examiner. The sites selected for analysis were divided into two subgroups, one where the endodontic treatment was performed with Endomethasone™ (Colthene, Creteil, France) (7 patients), and the other where it was performed with Adseal™ (Meta Biomed, Seoul, South Korea) (6 patients). Results: The mean age of the study population was 24.1 years, and 35.8% presented previous orthodontic treatment in their medical history. There were no statistically significant differences (p = 0.54) between groups regarding the length of the endodontic filling, the Endomethasone group showing a total length of 11.24 millimeters while the Adseal group showed a total length of 10.85 millimeters. Conclusions: The image obtained in clinical situations in which patients present combined endodontic-periodontal lesions is of real help because in many cases, with the help of CBCT, the starting point of a combined lesion can be highlighted, whether it is endodontic or periodontal.