bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and Methodology of a Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of Tongmai Jiangtang Capsules in Type 2 Diabetic Coronary Heart Disease Patients
Authors: Wang Yu , Guo Yilei , Lei Ye , Huang Shuwei , Dou Liping , Li Chang , Zhao Buchang , Fu Wei , Zhou Peng , Wan Haitong , Zhao Mingjun , Yang Jiehong 
Published: June 2021

Background: Population-based studies have consistently showed an increased incidence of coronary heart disease and cardiac mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Tongmai Jiangtang capsules (TJC) are Chinese patent medicines that have been approved in China for the treatment of diabetic vascular complications. However, the evidence supporting the efficacy of Tongmai Jiangtang capsules in type 2 diabetic coronary heart disease (T2DM-CHD) remains unclear. Herein, we designed a randomized, parallel-controlled clinical trial to investigate a new complementary therapy for T2DM-CHD patients.Methods: A total of 360 T2DM-CHD subjects (aged 18–75 years) will be randomly assigned to the TJC group or the placebo group at a 2:1 ratio. On the basis of western medicine therapy, all the participants will receive TJC or placebo, orally, three capsules/treatment, three per day for 12 weeks. The primary outcomes will be assessed according to the Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) classification. All statistical analyses will be performed setting a two-sided 0.05 significance level, using SAS 9.4 statistical software.Discussion: The efficacy of TJC for the treatment of T2DM-CHD patients will be evaluated. The study will provide reliable clinical research evidence for application of TJC in treating T2DM-CHD patients.Clinical Trial Registration:https://www.chictr.org.cn/enIndex.aspx, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2000037491.
Sustainable Large-Scale Aquaculture of the Northern Hemisphere Sea Lettuce, Ulva fenestrata, in an Off-Shore Seafarm
Authors: Steinhagen Sophie , Enge Swantje , Larsson Karin , Olsson Joakim , Nylund Göran M. , Albers Eva , Pavia Henrik , Undeland Ingrid , Toth Gunilla B. 
Published: June 2021

The growing world population demands an increase in sustainable resources for biorefining. The opening of new farm grounds and the cultivation of extractive species, such as marine seaweeds, increases worldwide, aiming to provide renewable biomass for food and non-food applications. The potential for European large-scale open ocean farming of the commercial green seaweed crop Ulva is not yet fully realized. Here we conducted manipulative cultivation experiments in order to investigate the effects of hatchery temperature (10 and 15 °C), nutrient addition (PES and 3xPES) and swarmer density (500 and 10,000 swarmers ml−1) on the biomass yield and biochemical composition (fatty acid, protein, carbohydrate, pigment and phenolic content) of off-shore cultivated Ulva fenestrata in a Swedish seafarm. High seedling densities were optimal for the growth of this northern hemisphere crop strain and significantly increased the mean biomass yield by ~84% compared to low seedling densities. Variations of nutrients or changes in temperature levels during the hatchery phase were not necessary to increase the subsequent growth in an open-water seafarm, however effects of the factors on the thallus habitus (thallus length/width) were observed. We found no significant effect of the environmental factors applied in the hatchery on the total fatty acid or crude protein content in the off-shore cultivated Ulva. However, low seedling density and low temperature increased the total carbohydrate content and furthermore, high temperature in combination with high nutrient levels decreased the pigment content (chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids). Low temperature in combination with high nutrient levels increased the phenolic content. Our study confirms the successful and sustainable potential for large-scale off-shore cultivation of the Scandinavian crop U. fenestrata. We conclude that high seedling density in the hatchery is most important for increasing the total biomass yield of sea-farmed U. fenestrata, and that changing temperature or addition of nutrients overall does not have a large effect on the biochemical composition. To summarize, our study contributes novel insights into the large-scale off-shore cultivation potential of northern hemisphere U. fenestrata and underpins suitable pre-treatments during the hatchery phase of seedlings to facilitate a successful and cost-efficient large-scale rope cultivation.
Protective Effects of Quercetin on Oxidative Stress-Induced Tubular Epithelial Damage in the Experimental Rat Hyperoxaluria Model
Authors: Guzel Ahmet , Yunusoglu Sedat , Calapoglu Mustafa , Candan Ibrahim Aydın , Onaran Ibrahim , Oncu Meral , Ergun Osman , Oksay Taylan 
Published: June 2021

Background and Objectives: The most common kidney stones are calcium stones and calcium oxalate (CaOx) stones are the most common type of calcium stones. Hyperoxaluria is an essential risk factor for the formation of these stones. Quercetin is a polyphenol with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and many other physiological effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of quercetin in hyperoxaluria-induced nephrolithiasis. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar-Albino rats weighing 250–300 g (n = 24) were randomized into three groups: Control (n = 8), ethylene glycol (EG) (n = 8), and EG + quercetin (n = 8). One percent EG-water solution was given to all rats except for the control group as drinking water for five weeks. Quercetin-water solution was given to the EG + quercetin group by oral gavage at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day. Malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), urea, calcium, and oxalate levels were analyzed in blood and urine samples. Histopathological assessments and immunohistochemical analyses for oxidative stress and inflammation indicators p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38-MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) were performed on renal tissues. Results: The MDA levels were significantly lower in the quercetin-treated group than in the EG-treated group (p = 0.001). Although CAT levels were higher in the quercetin-treated group than the EG-administered group, they were not significantly different between these groups. The expression of p38 MAPK was significantly less in the quercetin-treated group than the EG group (p < 0.004). There was no statistically significant difference between the quercetin and EG groups in terms of NF-kB expression. Conclusions: We conclude that hyperoxaluria activated the signaling pathways, which facilitate the oxidative processes leading to oxalate stone formation in the kidneys. Our findings indicated that quercetin reduced damage due to hyperoxaluria. These results imply that quercetin can be considered a therapeutic agent for decreasing oxalate stone formation, especially in patients with recurrent stones due to hyperoxaluria.
Implementing a weight-specific quality-of-life tool for young people in primary health care: a qualitative study
Authors: Oluboyede Yemi , Hill Sarah R , McDonald Suzanne , Henderson Emily 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundObesity is thought to be one of the most serious global public health challenges of the 21st century. The primary care setting is important in terms of the diagnosis, education, and management of obesity in children and young people. This study explored the views of primary care clinicians on the implementation of a quality-of-life (QoL) tool to help young people and their families identify the impact of weight on QoL.AimTo assess the acceptability and feasibility of implementing the Weight-specific Adolescent Instrument for Economic-evaluation (WAItE) QoL tool for young people aged 11–18 years in primary care.Design & settingQualitative study in Northern England, UKMethodOne-to-one, semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of primary healthcare clinicians working in practices located in areas of varying deprivation in Northern England, UK. Interview transcripts were coded and analysed using framework analysis in NVivo (version 10).ResultsParticipants (n = 16 GPs; n = 4 practice nurses) found the WAItE tool acceptable for them and their patients, and believed it was feasible for use in routine clinical practice. It was important to primary care clinicians that the tool would provide an overall QoL score that would be easy for GPs and nurses to interpret, to help them identify patients most in need of specialist help.ConclusionThis study has developed a platform for further research around QoL in young people who are overweight and obese. A future feasibility study will focus on implementing the tool in a small number of primary healthcare practices.
Kebijakan Penanggulangan Bencana: Model Kesiapsiagaan Bencana Berbasis Sekolah/ Madrasah di Provinsi Jawa Barat
Authors: Suparman Nanang 
Published: June 2021

West java is an area that has the potential for very complex disasters. Based on the data release the regional disaster management agency there have 6,607 disasters in the period 2015-2019, natural disasters in west jawa including earthquakes, tsunami, landslide, flash floods, and so forth. So that, a guidelines for disaster-preparedeness schools is important to avoid school from any kind of disasters. This study aims to find out and analysis model disaster-preparedeness schools in west java province and relation of disasters handling. This research using a qualitative method. Data collection, interviews with informants and collection of documents related to the policy guidelines for safe schools from disasters. Data analysis teachniques used are from the miles and Huberman models which include data reduction, data presentation, verification and conclusion. The results of this research indicate that the implementation model of disaster preparedness school policy as a whole has fulfilled the rules of disaster mitigation management by implementing regulations and procedures from both the central and regional levels. However, judging from the basic measures, objectives, policy resources and communication between organizations have not gone well so it has not been able to cope with the negative impacts of disasters in the school environment.
Teaching the Procedures and Routines to Manage Kids at the Kindergarten
Authors: Rumlus Grediana 
Published: June 2021

Teaching the routines and procedure is the way to form good skill and behaviour at the early of education.The habit and routine are formed from home.Classroom routines and procedures is a set to maintain order in the classroom. When entering the classroom, students will enter in a quiet manner. They will sit at their assigned desk and have all material ready to begin on required work. Once the bell rings and the door is closed, students will be seated and working. Tardiness is unacceptable and if the student receives more than three unexcused tardies per 2 months. The princinple will disscused it with their parents. Also, students should not be more than three minutes late to class. Students will maximize their learning time by staying on task and following directions, and remain seated unless instructed to do otherwise. There will always be work available for the student to complete. Being patient, which is also the rule, students must follow all the rules at school. They all should be actively listening to one another and learning. The last and most important rule is to be polite. The purpose of this research is for ways to shape good skills and behaviors at the beginning of education. There are also procedures that can be achieved in carrying out early childhood learning for Jamal in his book Strategic Management of Early Childhood Learning, including global ordinances (Ganze ordinances), trial procedure, procedures for learning while doing, procedures for home schooling groups and procedures for Glenn Doman
The impact of urban-based family medicine postgraduate rotations on rural preceptors/teachers
Authors: Myhre Douglas , Ornstein Jodie , Whalen-Browne Molly , Malhi Rebecca 
Published: June 2021

Background: The use of rural rotations within urban-based postgraduate programs is the predominant response of medical education to the health needs of underserved rural populations. The broader impact on rural physicians who teach has not been reported.
Methods: This study examined the personal, professional, and financial impact of a rural rotations for urban-based family medicine (UBFM) residents on Canadian rural teaching physicians. A survey was created and reviewed by community and academic rural physicians and a cohort of Canadian rural family physicians teaching UBFM residents was sampled. Survey data and free-text responses were assessed using quantitative and qualitative analyses.
Results: Participants with rural residency backgrounds perceived a negative impact of teaching UBFM (p = 0.02 personal and professional) and those in a primary rural environment (as defined below) perceived impact as positive (p < 0.001). Rural preceptors often held contrasting attitudes towards learners with negative judgements counter-balanced by positive thoughts. Duration in practice and of teaching experience did not have a significant impact on ratings.
Conclusion: Being a rural preceptor of UBFM residents is rewarding but also stressful. The preceptor location of training and scope of practice appears to influence the impact of UBFM residents.
Peran Guru PAI dalam Meningkatkan Karakter Siswa
Authors: Arifandi Ahmad Shidqi Dian 
Published: June 2021

. ”.Tujuan Penelitian Untuk mengetahui bentuk-bentuk pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam mengembangkan pendidikan karakter. Guna Untuk mengetahui ninilai-nilai pendidikan karakter. Penelitian ini terfokus pada peran Guru PAI dalam mengembangkan karakter siswa disekolah, dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. orang yang beriman mempunyai tanda-tanda yang menunjukkan bahwasanya orang tersebut beriman kepada Allah. Ketika manusia mempunyai iman yang kuat maka manusia itu akan selalu berperilaku agamis dimana tidak bertentangan dengan nilai dan norma yang berlaku di masyarakat, sehingga akan terbentuk karakter yang baik di masyarakat. Guru sebagai suri tauladan atau contoh yang baik bagi anak didiknya sekaligus sebagai pembimbing, fasilitator, kordinator, dan motivator sehingga peserta didik menjadi manusia dewasa yang dapat membawa hatinya untuk mendekatkan diri kepada Allah SWT, dan menjalankan segala perintahNya.
Paradigma Holistic Education
Authors: Sayfullah Hasan 
Published: June 2021

The ever-expanding rotation of science, along with the remarkable progress of civilization and human science in this modern age, has arisen multidimensional and multi-complex human life problems and crises, such as: ecological crisis, humanitarian crisis , moral crises (demoralisation), greater social and economic inequality, violence and crime, and other crises. The occurrence of that is because of the enormous inequality between science and technology that developed so rapidly with moral wisdom and humanity that is not developed at all, if not said backwards.
Furthermore, if traced the root cause, as a result of the unsuitability between the demands of the times with the world view of the modern world. On the one hand, the flow of globalization has eliminated human relationships in a more open, dialogical, tolerant, and plural climate. The most dominant significance of character change, mindset, attitude, ethics, and morals is endorsed in educational institutions. So when there is a deterioration and anxiety in human life that is definitely blamed is the educational institution.
However, on the other hand, the worldview adopted by most modern humans does not allow the dialogical and humanist relations to grow and develop. Based on the concept of holistic education is an offer.
Hak-Hak Pendidikan Perempuan Dalam Perspektif Islam
Authors: Gunawan Gunawan 
Published: June 2021

Meski secara normatif maupun secara yuridis formal pendidikan adalah hak setiap orang baik laki-laki maupun perempuan, namun dalam tataran empiris tidak tereprentasikan secara optimal. Terbukti, perempuan cenderung memiliki kesempatan pendidikan lebih kecil dibanding laki-laki. Semakin tinggi jenjang pendidikan semakin lebar kesenjangannya.
Akar masalah kesenjangan pendidikan bagi perempuan berawal dari bias jender dalam pendidikan keluarga oleh orang tua di rumah. Bias jender ini kemudian dilanjutkan oleh pranata pendidikan persekolahan. Komponen-komponen pendidikan di sekolah seperti kurikulum dan proses belajar mengajar, buku teks, ikut serta menciptakan ketidakadilan pendidikan bagi perempuan. Oleh karena itu masyarakat dan juga guru sebagai pengajar dan pendidik perlu memiliki pemahaman dan kesadaran jender sehingga tidak terjadi diskriminasi di dalam pendidikan.
Pendidikan yang berkeadilan jender tidak membeda-bedakan akses dan peluang bagi laki-laki maupun perempuan. Islam memberikan peluang untuk berprestasi bagi semua orang baik laki-laki maupun perempuan. Ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an telah mengisyaratkan konsep kesetaraan jender yang ideal dan memberikan ketegasan bahwa prestasi individual, baik dalam bidang spiritual maupun urusan karier profesional, tidak mesti dimonopoli oleh salah satu jenis kelamin saja. Laki-laki dan perempuan memperoleh kesempatan yang sama meraih prestasi optimal.
Peran Penting Budaya Dan Iklim Sekolah Dalam Proses Belajar Mengajar
Authors: Arifandi Ahmad Shidqi Dian 
Published: June 2021

Budaya dan iklim sekolah yang kondusif sangat penting agar siswa merasa tenang, aman dan bersikap positif terhadap sekolahnya, agar guru merasakan diri dihargai, dan agar orangtua dan masyarakat merasa dirinya diterima dan dilibatkan. Hal ini dapat terjadi melalui penciptaan norma dan kebiasaan yang positif, hubungan dan kerja sama yang harmonis yang didasari oleh sikap saling menghargai satu sama lain. Budaya sekolah yang perlu ditumbuhkan berupa suasana saling hormat antara siswa dengan siswa, siswa dengan guru, guru dengan guru, dan dengan pihak lainnya.
Esensial dari budaya adalah unsur nilai-nilai, kepercayaan, sikap dan prilaku yang kesemuanya itu akan membentuk karakter sekolah. Unsur-unsur tersebut sangat penting bagi terciptanya iklim yang kondusif bagi kelangsungan proses pendidikan. Oleh karena faktor budaya dapat berpengaruh terhadap unsur-unsur lain yang ada di sekolah, maka kepala sekolah harus dapat menciptakan dan mengembangkan budaya sekolah yang kondusif dan inovatif bagi pembelajaran siswa
Manajemen Pendidikan Kewirausahaan Pondok Pesantren Manbaul Ulum Tangsil Wetan
Authors: Waziroh Iro , Faizah Kuratul 
Published: June 2021

Salah satu ciri khas Pondok Pesantren Manbaul Ulum adalah memadukan pendidikan keagamaan dengan pendidikan yang bersifat Sains sebagai bekal ketika santri pulang kemasyarakat.Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dan kualitatif atau penelitian lapangan (field research). Kepustakaan (library reseach) yaitu suatu penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengumpulkan data dan informasi dengan bantuan bermacam-macam materi yang terdapat dalam kepustakaan, misalnya berupa buku-buku, catatan-catatan, makalah-makalah, dan lain-lain. Tinjauan pustaka adalah kegiatan yang meliputi mencari, membaca, dan menelaah laporan-laporan penelitian yang akan dilakukan.Dari hasil pengamatan peneliti, Pondok pesantren Manbaul Ulum telah melaksanakan fungsi evaluasi dalam pendidikan kewirausahan santri. Yaitu dengan melakukan rapat-rapat yang membahas evaluasi pelaksanaan wirausaha santri manbaul ulum. Di dalam Fungsi-fungsi Manajemen terlihat ditiap- tiap unit kursus diberikan arahan serta ketercapaian hasil pelaksanaan yang sudah dilampaui. Dan diberikan arahan dari pengasuh serta pandangan, bimbingan dan motivasi kepada para santri agar meningkatkan skills
Peran Kepala Sekolah dalam Menumbuhkan Minat Baca Siswa
Authors: Saleh Saleh , Heryandi Tubi 
Published: June 2021

Membaca merupakan hal yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan, karena dapat menambah ilmu yang tidak akan ada habisnya dan bahkan berkembang. Pengetahuan yang diperoleh dari membaca akan meningkatkan harkat dan martabat, kinerja serta produktivitas seseorang. Ilmu yang diperoleh dapat diterapkan atau didistribusikan kepada masyarakat. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Dengan lokasi penelitian di MTs Manbaul Ulum Tangsil Wetan Wonosari Kabupaten Bondowoso. Adapun metode Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah Metode Observasi, Interview, Dokumentasi. Sedangkan analisa data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan reduksi Data (Data Reduction), Penyajian Data (Data Display) dan Kesimpulan (Conluction Drawing / Verification). peran kepala sekolah dalam menumbuhkan minat baca peserta didik di MTs Manbaul Ulum Tangsil Wetan Wonosari Bondowoso Tahun Ajaran 2019/2020, maka dapat ditarik beberapa kesimpulan sebagai berikut:Dalam menumbuhkan minat baca peserta didik, kepala sekolah menjalankan perannya, yaitu pertama, peran sebagai manajer atau leader. Hal ini dapat dilihat langkah-langkah yang diambilnya, yaitu, mengarahkan peserta didik untuk membaca sebelum jadwal kegiatan belajar mengajar di mulai, mengarahkan peserta didik setiap jam istirahat meluangkan waktu untuk keperpustakaan. Kedua, peran sebagai inovator. Inovasi didalam kegiatan membaca. Ketiga, peran sebagai motivator, yaitu dengan memotivasi peserta dalam minat membaca. Peran-peran tersebut mendorong kepala sekolah tentang bagaimana ia mampu dalam menumbuhkan minat dalam membaca peserta didik sebagimana tema penelitian ini.
МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ РУХУ КОНСТРУКТИВНИХ ЕЛЕМЕНТІВ ЗЕРНОВОГО СЕПАРАТОРА НОЖИЧНОГО ТИПУ
Authors: Ольховський В.О. , Дударєв І.М. 
Published: June 2021

Очищення зерна від сміттєвих (незернових) і зернових домішок із одночасним сортуванням є обов’язковою технологічною операцією, яка проводиться після його збирання, а також під час зберігання та перероблення. Для сепарування зернової маси використовують сепаратори різних конструкцій, але найбільш поширеними є сепаратори з плоскими та циліндричними решетами. Сепаратори із плоскими решетами мають перевагу, оскільки під час сепарування уся поверхня таких решіт використовується. Разом із тим, одним із недоліків таких решіт є великі габаритні розміри. Тому пошук конструктивних рішень компактного розташування плоских решіт в сепараторі є актуальним завданням. Серед таких конструкцій із компактним розташуванням решіт можна виокремити сепаратори ножичного типу, в яких решета розташовані на сепарувальних секціях-важелях, що з’єднані навхрест. Для забезпечення постійного розшаровування зернової маси на решетах такого сепаратора, що інтенсифікує сепарування, а також для ефективного очищення отворів решіт від забивання за допомогою гумових кульок, необхідно забезпечити коливання решіт вздовж вертикалі. Моделювання коливального руху конструктивних елементів зернового сепаратора ножичного типу із використанням основних положень теоретичної механіки дозволило встановити закони руху повзунка та рухомої рами сепаратора. Отримані залежності дозволяють розрахувати та обрати раціональні параметри і режими роботи механізму приводу сепаратора ножичного типу.
Le droit à être protégé : des principes aux pratiques
Authors: Avenard Geneviève 
Published: June 2021

La France n’a jamais disposé d’un arsenal juridique théorique et technique aussi étoffé pour protéger les enfants contre les violences commises dans un cadre intrafamilial. Par ailleurs, la prise de conscience de notre société sur la réalité des violences à enfants, sous toutes leurs formes, s’est amplifiée dans la période récente. Pourtant, de nombreux rapports ont au cours de ces derniers mois souligné un manque d’application effective du cadre existant, qui porte directement préjudice au droit inconditionnel des enfants au respect de leur intégrité et de leur dignité, et à leur protection. Et les travaux du Défenseur des droits ont régulièrement mis en lumière un écart grandissant entre les « droits proclamés » et les « droits réels ». Cet écart s’analyse notamment comme la conséquence d’un défaut récurrent d’accompagnement opérationnel par les pouvoirs publics au déploiement de la politique de protection de l’enfance. Plus globalement, il interroge sur la considération véritable portée à l’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant.