bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A conceptual model of fertility concerns among adolescents and young adults with cancer
Authors: Canzona Mollie R. , Victorson David E. , Murphy Karly , Clayman Marla L. , Patel Bonnie , Puccinelli‐Ortega Nicole , McLean Thomas W. , Harry Onengiya , Little‐Greene Denisha , Salsman John M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectiveFor adolescents and young adults (AYAs), cancer‐related fertility concerns (FC) are salient, disruptive, and complex. Clinical communication about FC and fertility preservation options are suboptimal, increasing patient distress. The purpose of this study is to construct a conceptual model of FC among AYAs with cancer to inform future measurement development.MethodsConcept elicitation interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of stakeholders: 36 AYAs (10 adolescents, 12 emerging adults, and 14 young adults), 36 AYA oncology health care providers, and 12 content experts in cancer‐related infertility. The constant comparative method was used to identify themes and properties that illustrate AYAs' conceptualization and/or experience of FC.ResultsThirteen themes characterized FC among AYAs with cancer, varying by stakeholder group and domain affiliations. Themes were grouped by four domains (e.g., affective, information, coping, and logistical), which organized the conceptual model. Affective experiences were further determined to be an important component within the other three domains. AYAs' fertility and fertility preservation experiences were shaped by communication factors and timing factors including placement along the lifespan/cancer continuum.ConclusionsAYA FC are characterized by uncertainty and confusion that may contribute to future decisional regret or magnify feelings of loss. Results add to previous research by examining individual, relational, and health care factors that fluctuate to inform fertility preservation perceptions and decision‐making across the AYA age spectrum. Findings will be used to develop and test new self‐report measures of FC among AYAs with cancer and survivors using classic and modern measurement theory approaches.
Insecticide resistance trait may contribute to genetic cluster change in Bemisia tabaci MED (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) as a potential driving force
Authors: Park Yujeong , Kim Sanghyeon , Lee Si Hyeock , Lee Joon‐Ho 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDPreviously, we reported that the majority of the Bemisia tabaci Mediterranean (MED) populations converged from two dominant genetic clusters (cluster 1 and 2) to one (cluster 2) during 1 year in greenhouse tomatoes in Korea. To find possible mechanisms for this phenomenon, we investigated the concurrent changes in resistance traits of the two clusters for three insecticide classes (organophosphate, pyrethroid, and neonicotinoid).RESULTSSince the resistance mutation frequencies in regional samples were either high (i.e. the voltage‐sensitive sodium channel L925I/T929V mutations and the F392 acetylcholinesterase 1 mutation) or zero (the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor R81T mutation), no meaningful correlation between the resistance allele frequency and genetic cluster was deduced. However, the actual resistance levels to all three insecticide classes were significantly higher in cluster 2 than in cluster 1, suggesting that cluster 2 has a higher resistance potential. Furthermore, thiamethoxam treatment to the mixed population of clusters 1 and 2 over three generations exhibited a strong tendency of population change from cluster 1 to cluster 2.CONCLUSIONOur results demonstrated that the insecticide resistance trait is one of the driving forces for rapid genetic cluster change in B. tabaci MED populations. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Triazine Based MOFs with Abundant N Sites for Selective Nitrobenzene Detection
Authors: Chen Jingan , Chen Ting , Xiang Shengchang , Zhang Jindan , Zhang Zhangjing 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHigh sensitivity and selectivity detection of nitrobenzene based on luminescence technology requires high density of functional sites. Due to the abundant functional N sites and good solubility in solvents, triazine derivative ligands are potential to construct frameworks as luminescence detection agent. Herein, a Pt3O4 topology Zn‐MOF (FJU‐120) based on 2‐amino‐4,6‐bis(4‐pyridine)‐1,3,5‐triazine(DAPT) and 1,3,5‐Tris‐(p‐carboxyphenyl)benzene (H3BTB) as dual‐ligands was synthesized for selective detection of nitrobenzene. FJU‐120 crystallizes in the cubic system and Pm
n space group with a=27.5191(9), b=27.5191(9), c=27.5191(9) Å, β=90°, V=20840(2) Å3, Z=90, Mr=448.72, Dc=0.429 g/cm3, F(000)=2736. FJU‐120 shows selective fluorescence quenching behavior with nitrobenzene existing, and the corresponding
constant is 1124.65 L mol−1. This work reports a new potential crystalline porous material for toxic organic molecular fluorescence detection.
Ultrasonography: Sports Injuries
Authors: Allen Gina M. , Jacobson Jon A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractUltrasonography is a valuable imaging method to evaluate for sports injuries. In the upper extremity, rotator cuff evaluation is most common. Other applications include examination of the biceps and subacromial-subdeltoid bursa in the shoulder, biceps, triceps, common extensor tendon and ulnar collateral ligament in the elbow and tendon tear, pulley injury and skier’s thumb in the wrist and hand. In the lower extremity, ankle sprains, muscle injury and groin pain are the most common problems benefiting from imaging, and ultrasound plays a vital role. Tendinopathy, tendon injury and ligament injury are well visualised in the hip, knee, ankle and foot by diagnostic ultrasound.
Real scalar phase transitions: a nonperturbative analysis
Authors: Gould Oliver 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We study the thermal phase transitions of a generic real scalar field, without a Z2-symmetry, referred to variously as an inert, sterile or singlet scalar, or ϕ3 + ϕ4 theory. Such a scalar field arises in a wide range of models, including as the inflaton, or as a portal to the dark sector. At high temperatures, we perform dimensional reduction, matching to an effective theory in three dimensions, which we then study both perturbatively to three-loop order and on the lattice. For strong first-order transitions, with large tree-level cubic couplings, our lattice Monte-Carlo simulations agree with perturbation theory within error. However, as the size of the cubic coupling decreases, relative to the quartic coupling, perturbation theory becomes less and less reliable, breaking down completely in the approach to the Z2-symmetric limit, in which the transition is of second order. Notwithstanding, the renormalisation group is shown to significantly extend the validity of perturbation theory. Throughout, our calculations are made as explicit as possible so that this article may serve as a guide for similar calculations in other theories.
Misaligned supersymmetry and open strings
Authors: Cribiori Niccolò , Parameswaran Susha , Tonioni Flavio , Wrase Timm 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe study of non-supersymmetric string theories is shedding light on an important corner of the string landscape and might ultimately explain why, so far, we did not observe supersymmetry in our universe. We review how misaligned supersymmetry in closed-string theories leads to a cancellation between bosons and fermions even in non-supersymmetric string theories. We then show that the same cancellation takes place for open strings by studying an anti-Dp-brane placed on top of an Op-plane in type II string theory. Misaligned supersymmetry consists in cancellations between bosons and fermions atdifferentenergy levels, in such a way that the averaged number of states grows at a rate dominated by a factor$$ {\mathrm{e}}^{C_{\mathrm{e}\mathrm{ff}}\sqrt{n}} $$eCeffn, withCeff< Ctot, whereCtotis the inverse Hagedorn temperature. We prove the previously conjectured complete cancellation, i.e. we prove thatCeff= 0, for a vast class of models.
Combined subleading high-energy logarithms and NLO accuracy for W production in association with multiple jets
Authors: Andersen Jeppe R. , Black James A. , Brooks Helen M. , Byrne Emmet P. , Maier Andreas , Smillie Jennifer M. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Large logarithmic corrections in $$ \hat{s}/{p}_t^2 $$

s
̂

/

p
t
2

lead to substantial variations in the perturbative predictions for inclusive W-plus-dijet processes at the Large Hadron Collider. This instability can be cured by summing the leading-logarithmic contributions in $$ \hat{s}/{p}_t^2 $$

s
̂

/

p
t
2

to all orders in αs. As expected though, leading logarithmic accuracy is insufficient to guarantee a suitable description in regions of phase space away from the high energy limit.We present (i) the first calculation of all partonic channels contributing at next-to-leading logarithmic order in W-boson production in association with at least two jets, and (ii) bin-by-bin matching to next-to-leading fixed-order accuracy. This new perturbative input is implemented in High Energy Jets, and systematically improves the description of available experimental data in regions of phase space which are formally subleading with respect to $$ \hat{s}/{p}_t^2 $$

s
̂

/

p
t
2

.
Flashover discharges dynamic with continuous and discontinuous pollution layer under lightning impulse stress
Authors: Slama Mohammed El Amine , Beroual Abderrahmane 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe paper is aimed at the study of the dynamic of discharges propagating at the surface of flat PVC insulator (i) with uniform continuous pollution layer and (ii) with uniform discontinuous pollution layer of different conductivities, under lightning impulse voltage for both polarities. It is shown that the morphology of discharges, the current and the voltage as well as the discharge velocity depend on the polarity of voltage, the configuration and the conductivity of the pollution layer; and the behavior of discharges is similar to that of discharges in long air gaps.
Finiteness and infiniteness results for Torelli groups of (hyper-)Kähler manifolds
Authors: Kreck Matthias , Su Yang 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe Torelli group $$\mathcal T(X)$$

T
(
X
)

of a closed smooth manifold X is the subgroup of the mapping class group $$\pi _0(\mathrm {Diff}^+(X))$$

π
0

(

Diff

+

(
X
)

)

consisting of elements which act trivially on the integral cohomology of X. In this note we give counterexamples to Theorem 3.4 by Verbitsky (Duke Math J 162(15):2929–2986, 2013) which states that the Torelli group of simply connected Kähler manifolds of complex dimension $$\ge 3$$

≥
3

is finite. This is done by constructing under some mild conditions homomorphisms $$J: \mathcal T(X) \rightarrow H^3(X;\mathbb Q)$$

J
:
T

(
X
)

→

H
3

(
X
;
Q
)

and showing that for certain Kähler manifolds this map is non-trivial. We also give a counterexample to Theorem 3.5 (iv) in (Verbitsky in Duke Math J 162(15):2929–2986, 2013) where Verbitsky claims that the Torelli group of hyperkähler manifolds are finite. These examples are detected by the action of diffeomorphsims on $$\pi _4(X)$$

π
4

(
X
)

. Finally we confirm the finiteness result for the special case of the hyperkähler manifold $$K^{[2]}$$

K

[
2
]

.
A systematic review of magnetic resonance imaging in patients with an implanted vagus nerve stimulation system
Authors: Fetzer S. , Dibué M. , Nagel A. M. , Trollmann R. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an effective adjunctive treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) and difficult-to-treat depression (DTD). More than 125.000 patients have been implanted with VNS Therapy® System (LivaNova PLC) since initial approval. Patients with DRE often require magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain during the course of their disease. VNS Therapy System devices are labeled to allow MRI under certain conditions; however, there are no published comprehensive articles about the real-world experience using MRI in patients with implanted VNS devices.

Methods
A systematic review in accordance with PRISMA statement was performed using PubMed database. Full-length articles reporting MRI (1.5 T or 3 T scanner) of patients with implanted VNS for DRE or DTD and published since 2000 were included. The primary endpoint was a positive outcome that was defined as a technically uneventful MRI scan performed in accordance with the VNS Therapy System manufacturer guidelines and completed according to the researchers’ planned scanning protocol without harm to the patient.

Results
Twenty-six articles were eligible with 25 articles referring to the VNS Therapy System, and 216 patients were included in the analysis. No serious adverse events or serious device-related adverse events were reported. MRI scan was prematurely terminated in one patient due to a panic attack.

Conclusion
This systematic review indicates that cranial MRI of patients with an implanted VNS Therapy System can be completed satisfactorily and is tolerable and safe using 1.5 T and 3 T MRI scanners when performed in adherence to the VNS manufacturer’s guidelines.
Is it possible to not perform salivary gland biopsy in targeted patients according to unstimulated salivary flow results in patients with suspected Sjögren's syndrome?
Authors: Sebastian Agata , Woytala Patryk , Madej Marta , Proc Krzysztof , Czesak-Woytala Katarzyna , Sebastian Maciej , Zub Krzysztof , Wiland Piotr 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Introduction/objective
Xerostomia is one of the main symptoms of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). The unstimulated salivary flow (UWS) test is one of the objective Sjögren's syndrome classification criteria used to assess xerostomia's severity. The study’s objective was to evaluate UWS rate measurements (with a threshold rate of 0.1 mL/min) in the screening of patients suspected with pSS, presenting with xerostomia in whom labial salivary gland biopsy (LSGB) should be performed. We will try to answer whether it is possible not to perform LSGB in targeted patients according to UWS results? We analyze the correlation between UWS value and focus score (FS) and anti-SSA antibodies.

Methods
The study group consisted of subjects above 18 years of age with a subjective feeling of oral dryness.

Results
A total of 105 subjects were qualified for the study. The final diagnosis of pSS was made in 44 patients according to the classification criteria from 2016. No age differences were identified between pSS patients and control group subjects (patients with dry mouth without autoimmune background). UWS rates were significantly lower in pSS patients than in the control group. No association was identified between UWS and focus score (FS) ≥ 1 in LSGB. No differences were observed between anti-SSA-positive and anti-SSA-negative patients in terms of age, UWS rates, FS.

Conclusion
LSGB should be performed in all suspected pSS cases regardless of the UWS rate value, particularly in subjects without specific anti-SSA antibodies. In patients with suspected pSS, only less than one-half of the UWS measurements are below the value of 0.1 mL/min adopted as the threshold in the classification criteria for pSS.
Nitrogen enrichment in macroalgae following mass coral mortality
Authors: Vaughan Eleanor J. , Wilson Shaun K. , Howlett Samantha J. , Parravicini Valeriano , Williams Gareth J. , Graham Nicholas A. J. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractScleractinian corals are engineers on coral reefs that provide both structural complexity as habitat and sustenance for other reef-associated organisms via the release of organic and inorganic matter. However, coral reefs are facing multiple pressures from climate change and other stressors, which can result in mass coral bleaching and mortality events. Mass mortality of corals results in enhanced release of organic matter, which can cause significant alterations to reef biochemical and recycling processes. There is little known about how long these nutrients are retained within the system, for instance, within the tissues of other benthic organisms. We investigated changes in nitrogen isotopic signatures (δ15N) of macroalgal tissues (a) ~ 1 year after a bleaching event in the Seychelles and (b) ~ 3 months after the peak of a bleaching event in Mo’orea, French Polynesia. In the Seychelles, there was a strong association between absolute loss in both total coral cover and branching coral cover and absolute increase in macroalgal δ15N between 2014 and 2017 (adjusted r2 = 0.79, p = 0.004 and adjusted r2 = 0.86, p = 0.002, respectively). In Mo’orea, a short-term transplant experiment found a significant increase in δ15N in Sargassum mangarevense after specimens were deployed on a reef with high coral mortality for ~ 3 weeks (p < 0.05). We suggest that coral-derived nutrients can be retained within reef nutrient cycles, and that this can affect other reef-associated organisms over both short- and long-term periods, especially opportunistic species such as macroalgae. These species could therefore proliferate on reefs that have experienced mass mortality events, because they have been provided with both space and nutrient subsidies by the death and decay of corals.
Omecamtiv mecarbil evokes diastolic dysfunction and leads to periodic electromechanical alternans
Authors: Fülöp Gábor Á. , Oláh Attila , Csipo Tamas , Kovács Árpád , Pórszász Róbert , Veress Roland , Horváth Balázs , Nagy László , Bódi Beáta , Fagyas Miklós , Helgadottir Solveig Lind , Bánhegyi Viktor , Juhász Béla , Bombicz Mariann , Priksz Daniel , Nanasi Peter , Merkely Béla , Édes István , Csanádi Zoltán , Papp Zoltán , Radovits Tamás , Tóth Attila 
Published: April 2021

AbstractOmecamtiv mecarbil (OM) is a promising novel drug for improving cardiac contractility. We tested the therapeutic range of OM and identified previously unrecognized side effects. The Ca2+ sensitivity of isometric force production (pCa50) and force at low Ca2+ levels increased with OM concentration in human permeabilized cardiomyocytes. OM (1 µM) slowed the kinetics of contractions and relaxations and evoked an oscillation between normal and reduced intracellular Ca2+ transients, action potential lengths and contractions in isolated canine cardiomyocytes. Echocardiographic studies and left ventricular pressure–volume analyses demonstrated concentration-dependent improvements in cardiac systolic function at OM concentrations of 600–1200 µg/kg in rats. Administration of OM at a concentration of 1200 µg/kg was associated with hypotension, while doses of 600–1200 µg/kg were associated with the following aspects of diastolic dysfunction: decreases in E/A ratio and the maximal rate of diastolic pressure decrement (dP/dtmin) and increases in isovolumic relaxation time, left atrial diameter, the isovolumic relaxation constant Tau, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and the slope of the end-diastolic pressure–volume relationship. Moreover, OM 1200 µg/kg frequently evoked transient electromechanical alternans in the rat in vivo in which normal systoles were followed by smaller contractions (and T-wave amplitudes) without major differences on the QRS complexes. Besides improving systolic function, OM evoked diastolic dysfunction and pulsus alternans. The narrow therapeutic window for OM may necessitate the monitoring of additional clinical safety parameters in clinical application.
Identification and biochemical characterisation of tyrosine aminotransferase from Anthoceros agrestis unveils the conceivable entry point into rosmarinic acid biosynthesis in hornworts
Authors: Busch Tobias , Petersen Maike 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Main conclusion
Tyrosine aminotransferase (AaTAT) from the hornwort Anthoceros agrestis Paton (Anthocerotaceae) was amplified and expressed in E. coli. The active enzyme is able to accept a wide range of substrates with distinct preference for l-tyrosine, therefore, possibly catalysing the initial step in rosmarinic acid biosynthesis.

Abstract
The presence of rosmarinic acid (RA) in the hornwort A. agrestis is well known, and some attempts have been made to clarify the biosynthesis of this caffeic acid ester in lower plants. Parallel to the biosynthesis in vascular plants, the involvement of tyrosine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.5; TAT) as the initial step was assumed. The amplification of a nucleotide sequence putatively encoding AaTAT (Genbank MN922307) and expression in E. coli were successful. The enzyme proved to have a high acceptance of l-tyrosine (Km 0.53 mM) whilst slightly preferring 2-oxoglutarate over phenylpyruvate as co-substrate. Applying l-phenylalanine as a potential amino donor or using oxaloacetate or pyruvate as a replacement for 2-oxoglutarate as amino acceptor resulted in significantly lower catalytic efficiencies in each of these cases. To facilitate further substrate search, two methods were introduced, one using ninhydrin after thin-layer chromatography and the other using derivatisation with o-phthalaldehyde followed by HPLC or LC–MS analysis. Both methods proved to be well applicable and helped to confirm the acceptance of further aromatic and aliphatic amino acids. This work presents the first description of a heterologously expressed TAT from a hornwort (A. agrestis) and describes the possible entry into the biosynthesis of RA and other specialised compounds in a so far neglected representative of terrestrial plants and upcoming new model organism.
Refining the ITBCC tumor budding scoring system with a “zero-budding” category in colorectal cancer
Authors: Zlobec Inti , Bächli Melanie , Galuppini Francesca , Berger Martin D. , Dawson Heather E. , Nagtegaal Iris D. , Lugli Alessandro 
Published: April 2021

AbstractTumor budding scoring guidelines from the International Tumor Budding Consensus Conference (ITBCC) for colorectal cancer propose three groups: BD1 (0–4 buds/0.785 mm2), BD2 (5–9 buds/0.785 mm2), and BD3 (10 or more buds/0.785 mm2). Here, we investigate whether a fourth scoring category, namely zero buds, may have additional clinical relevance. The number of tumor buds/0.785 mm2 was scored in 959 cases. Those with zero tumor buds were considered BD0, while a new BD1 category of 1–4 buds was proposed. Associations of both scoring approaches with clinicopathological features were analyzed. Conventional ITBCC scoring showed expected associations with unfavorable histopathological prognostic factors. In total, 111/959 (11.6%) were BD0. A significant difference was found when BD0 was compared statistically to BD1 (1–4 buds) for pT, TNM, tumor grade, and lymphatic, venous, and perineural invasion (p < 0.01, all). Tumors with BD0 occur relatively frequently and contribute additional information on tumor behavior. BD0 should be considered for subsequent ITBCC guidelines.