bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pocket-sized Ultrasound versus Cardiac Auscultation in Diagnosing Cardiac Valve Pathologies: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zeller Lior , Fuchs Lior , Maman Tomer , Shafat Fainguelernt Tali , Fainguelernt Ianiv , Barski Leonid , Liel-Cohen Noah , L. Kobal Sergio 
Published: September 2021

Background: Pocket-sized ultrasound devices are used to perform focused ultrasound studies (POCUS). We compared valve malfunction diagnosis rate by cardiac auscultation to POCUS (insonation), both conducted by medical students.
Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted among patients with and without clinically relevant valve dysfunction. Recruitment to the study group was based on the presence of at least one valve pathology of at least moderate severity identified on recent echocardiography study that was required for clinical reasons. Three final-year medical students examined the patients. Each patient underwent auscultation and a POCUS using a pocket-sized ultrasound machine. Sensitivity was defined as the percentage of patients correctly identified as having a valve disorder. Specificity was defined as correct identification of the absence of valve pathology.
Results: The study included 56 patients. In 18 (32%), no valve pathology was found. Nineteen patients (34%) had at least two valvular pathologies. Sixty valve lesions were present in the whole cohort. Students' sensitivity for detecting any valve lesion was 32% and 64% for auscultation and insonation; respectively, specificity was similar.
The sensitivity for diagnosing mitral regurgitation, mitral stenosis, and aortic regurgitation rose significantly by using POCUS compared to auscultation alone. When using POCUS, Students identified valve pathologies in 22 cases (39%) from the patients with at least two valve dysfunctions, and none when using auscultation.
Conclusions: Final-year medical students' competency to detect valve dysfunction by performing cardiac auscultation is poor. Cardiac ultrasound-focused training significantly improved medical students' sensitivity for diagnosing a variety of valve pathologies.
Unconventional Deposite of Pt and Pd: A Review with Implications for Exploration
Authors: Wilde Andy , Edwards Alaster , Yakubchuk Alexander 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
In this paper we review potential “unconventional” (i.e., amagmatic) sources of Pt and Pd. We list several geological environments in which Pt and Pd have been concentrated to economic grades (if not tonnages). One is intracratonic rifts where hot oxidized brines are generated by surface evaporation and/or halite dissolution and circulate to depth through a preponderance of oxidized lithologies. Pt and Pd occur with U or Cu and with minor Au. Second is deformed passive margin sequences rich in carbonaceous metasedimentary rocks where Pt and Pd occur with Au or Ni and Mo. Hydrothermal fluids in this environment are most likely to be relatively reduced and obtain sulfur for transport of PGE as bisulfıde complexes from the pyritic and carbonaceous host rocks. Third are surface environments where oxidized low-salinity waters, buffered by atmospheric oxygen, interact with Pt- and Pd-enriched source rocks such as ophiolitic ultramafıc rocks. In the known deposits, Pt and Pd are potential byproducts to Au, Cu, Ni, Mo, or U. A low-risk exploration strategy is to recognize potential for Pt and Pd enrichment in similar deposits. A high-risk exploration strategy acknowledges the possibility that Pt and Pd may be offset, or even remote from the other metal concentrations and may be a primary exploration target. Reactive transport modeling is suggested as a predictive exploration tool.
Serological and Molecular Detection of Avian Influenza Virus ‎Hemagglutinin (H5) in Wild Birds in and around Zaria, Nigeria
Authors: Alonge P. I. , Oladele S. B. , Hassan F. B. , Orakpoghenor O. , Samuel J. 
Published: September 2021

Avian influenza (AI) has a worldwide distribution and affects domestic and wild birds, thus causing great economic losses to the poultry industry. This study was carried out to detect avian influenza virus H5 antibodies and nucleic acidin some wild birds [Laughing doves (Spilolepia senegalensis), Speckled pigeons (Columba guinea), Cattle egrets (Bubulcus ibis), Senegalese parrots (Poicephalussenegalus), Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and Geese (Anseranserini)] in Zaria and its environs, Kaduna State Nigeria. Sera were tested for avian influenza virus (AIV) H5 antibody using competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA). Pooled oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs of each bird species (8-10 samples) were tested for AIV nucleic acidusing one-stepreverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results revealed overall prevalence of 6.62% and 3.85% for AIV antibody and nucleic acid respectively. Based on species, AIV antibody was detected in laughing dove (10%), speckled pigeon (13.64%) and mallard (19.05%).Also, AIV antigen was detected in Senegalese parrot (20%).In conclusion, AIV antibody and antigen were detected in wild birds in Zaria, Nigeria. Thus, these species of birds could play significant roles in the spread of this virus to chickens. Therefore, measures to limit the interactions of these wild birds with chickens should be implemented to minimize the spread of AI.
Molecular Epidemiology of Tuberculosis in Cattle and Human Patients in ‎Bauchi and Gombe States, Northeastern Nigeria
Authors: Ibrahim S. , Danbirni S. , Saidu A. S. , Usman B. A. , Kaltungo B. Y. , Mohammed F. U. 
Published: September 2021

Tuberculosis (TB) is recognized as the most important threat to human and animal health causing morbidity, mortality, and economic losses. A study was conducted to assess the epidemiology and zoonotic implications of TB in two states of northeastern Nigeria, using abattoir surveillance, culture, and molecular typing methods. The human sputum of in-patients from selected hospitals within the study areas was also collected, cultured, and subjected to molecular typing. Out of the 250 human sputa collected, 74 (29.6%) were positive for culture and 40(16%) were positive on Bioline® analysis. Also, of the 200 tissues collected, 62(32.5%) were AFB positive and 25(12.5%) were positive on culture and 18(9.0%) were positive on Bioline® analysis. All positive isolates on Bioline® analyses were further subjected to Genotype® MBTC analysis. A total of (n = 58) isolates; sputum (n=40) and tissue (n=18), identified as MBTC were further subjected to Genotype MBTC® Hain assay PCR analysis. in order to differentiate them into their various species. Of the MBTC isolates from the tissues, 8(4.0%) were found to be Mycobacterium bovis, 5(2.5%) were Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the remaining 5(2.5%) were unidentified using the standard banding patterns. The 40 MBTC from sputum showed 30 (75%) as Mycobacterium tuberculosis 6(15%) were Mycobacterium bovis, 3(7.5%) were Mycobacterium africanum and 1(0.4%) was unidentified using the standard banding patterns. In conclusion, the study revealed the public health importance of bTB in the study area. There is also the need for public health awareness programs on the zoonotic nature of bTB among the abattoir workers and the herdsmen.
PENGARUH PERCEIVED USEFULNESS, PERCEIVED EASE OF USE DAN SUBJECTIVE NORM TERHADAP PURCHASE INTENTION MELALUI ATTITUDE PENGGUNA OLX (Studi Kasus: Pada Mahasiswa UST Yogyakarta)
Authors: Nugraha Tommy Wiguna , Udayana Ida Bagus Nyoman , Lukitaningsih Ambar 
Published: September 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and subjective norms on purchase intention through the attitude of OLX users (Case study: On UST Yogyakarta students).
The population in this study were all students of UST Yogyakarta who used the OLX application. The number of the study population is unknown. The sample in this study is part of the target population is all students of UST Yogyakarta.
The results of this study indicate that Perceived usefulness has a positive and significant effect on attitude and purchase intention, Perceived ease of use has a positive and significant effect on attitude and purchase intention, Subjective norm has a positive and significant effect on attitude and purchase intention, Attitude has a positive and significant effect on purchase. intention.
Gambaran Pengetahuan Tentang Stunting Pada Ibu Yang Memiliki Balita Usia 2-5 Tahun Di Desa Buahan Kaja Gianyar
Authors: Ariyanti Kadek Sri 
Published: September 2021

Pengertian : Stunting merupakan salah satu permasalahan balita yang harus mendapat perhatian khusus. Tingginya angka kejadian stunting pada balita dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor salah satunya adalah pengetahuan yang kurang tentang stunting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan tentang stunting pada ibu yang memiliki balita usia 2-5 tahun di Desa Buahan Kaja Gianyar.
Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan tentang stunting pada ibu yang memiliki balita usia 2-5 tahun di Desa Buahan Kaja Gianyar.
Metode : Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Buahan Kaja Gianyar, pada Bulan Juli 2021 dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 23 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan cara total sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner yang diberikan secara online. Analisis data menggunakan analisa univariat yang menghasilkan distribusi frekwensi variabel.
Hasil dan simpulan : Sebagian besar responden memiliki pengetahuan yang baik tentang stunting, yaitu sebesar 80%.
Rekomendasi: Tenaga kesehatan lebih meningkatkan praktik pencegahan stunting pada ibu sejak dalam masa kehamilan sehingga dapat menurunkan angka kejadian stunting di Indonesia.
De la diversidad sexual y de género (lgbti) a las disidencias sexuales, de género y corporales. Tránsitos necesarios e ineludibles
Authors: Bustamante Tejada Walter Alonso 
Published: September 2021

En las últimas cinco décadas se han alcanzado logros significativos en el reconocimiento de derechos de los sectores lgbti, desde una apuesta por la “diversidad sexual y de género”. Estos logros se han dado gracias a las políticas sexuales que, mediante reformas para la inclusión, han beneficiado parte de los sectores sociales en mención, sin que se hayan generado transformaciones en el orden heterosexual y patriarcal, en el marco del capitalismo neoliberal. En ese sentido, la diversidad sexual, aunque ha posibilitado logros, también ha mostrado sus limitaciones. En este artículo se evidencian algunas de esas limitaciones y se plantean las “disidencias sexuales, de género y corporales”, como alternativa para retomar luchas de manera articulada, parafraseando a Wittig, “con muchos otros diferentes, todas las mujeres y numerosas categorías de hombres” (2006, p. 53), para pensar y actuar por cambios estructurales.
From Sexual and Gender Diversity (lgbti) to Sexual, Gender and Corporal Dissidences. Necessary and Unavoidable Transitions
Abstract: Significant achievements towards the recognition of rights of lgbti segments have been reached over the last five decades, from the perspective of “sexual and gender diversity”. Within the scope of sexual policies through reforms for the inclusion, these achievements have benefited part of the aforementioned social segments, without transforming the heterosexual and patriarchal order in the framework of the neoliberal capitalism. In that sense, sexual diversity, though providing achievements, has also shown its limitations. In this article, we show some of these limitations and we propose the “sexual, gender and corporal dissidences” as an alternative that resumes the struggles in an articulate way, with many other different people, women and various men categories, in order to rethink and take action for structural changes.
Keywords: sexual and gender diversity, sexual, gender and corporal dissidences, sexual policies, lgbti human rights.
Managing Cognitive Dysfunction in Multiple Sclerosis: A Snapshot of Changes in Screening, Assessment, and Treatment Practices
Authors: Gromisch Elizabeth S. , DeLuca John , Benedict Ralph H.B. , Foley Frederick W. 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:
Cognitive dysfunction is prevalent in multiple sclerosis (MS) and can have a negative effect on several aspects of the daily lives of individuals with MS. In 2010, members of the Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers (CMSC) were surveyed to understand MS clinicians’ screening, assessment, and treatment practices for cognitive problems. Given the advancements made in the field in the past decade, it was deemed time to reevaluate how cognitive dysfunction is managed in the clinical setting.

METHODS:
An online questionnaire was completed by 56 CMSC members. They were asked to describe their clinical practices, procedures for screening and further evaluation, and treatment recommendations for cognitive dysfunction. Participants were also asked whether their practice had changed in terms of the number of cognitive screenings, prescriptions for cognitive problems, and referrals for neuropsychological assessment and cognitive remediation in the past 5 years to allow for clinicians who had not been in practice for 10 years.

RESULTS:
Participants reported an increase in the number of cognitive screenings and referrals for neuropsychological assessments and cognitive remediation during the past 5 years. Compared with 2010, participants endorsed greater use of person-administered screening measures, such as the Symbol Digit Modalities Test, and fewer prescriptions for medications to improve cognitive functioning.

CONCLUSIONS:
Clinical practices are becoming more in line with the literature, with increased use of cognitive screening and remediation. Continued attention to cognitive problems will be an ongoing important component of MS-related care.
Epigenome-wide analysis of DNA methylation and coronary heart disease: a nested case-control study
Authors: Si Jiahui , Yang Songchun , Sun Dianjianyi , Yu Canqing , Guo Yu , Lin Yifei , Millwood Iona Y , Walters Robin G , Yang Ling , Chen Yiping , Du Huaidong , Hua Yujie , Liu Jingchao , Chen Junshi , Chen Zhengming , Chen Wei , Lv Jun , Liang Liming , Li Liming ,   China Kadoorie Biobank Collaborative Group
Published: September 2021

Background:Identifying environmentally responsive genetic loci where DNA methylation is associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) may reveal novel pathways or therapeutic targets for CHD. We conducted the first prospective epigenome-wide analysis of DNA methylation in relation to incident CHD in the Asian population.Methods:We did a nested case-control study comprising incident CHD cases and 1:1 matched controls who were identified from the 10 year follow-up of the China Kadoorie Biobank. Methylation level of baseline blood leukocyte DNA was measured by Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip. We performed the single cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) site association analysis and network approach to identify CHD-associated CpG sites and co-methylation gene module.Results:After quality control, 982 participants (mean age 50.1 years) were retained. Methylation level at 25 CpG sites across the genome was associated with incident CHD (genome-wide false discovery rate [FDR] < 0.05 or module-specific FDR < 0.01). One SD increase in methylation level of identified CpGs was associated with differences in CHD risk, ranging from a 47 % decrease to a 118 % increase. Mediation analyses revealed 28.5 % of the excessed CHD risk associated with smoking was mediated by methylation level at the promoter region of ANKS1A gene (P for mediation effect = 0.036). Methylation level at the promoter region of SNX30 was associated with blood pressure and subsequent risk of CHD, with the mediating proportion to be 7.7 % (P = 0.003) via systolic blood pressure and 6.4 % (P = 0.006) via diastolic blood pressure. Network analysis revealed a co-methylation module associated with CHD.Conclusions:We identified novel blood methylation alterations associated with incident CHD in the Asian population and provided evidence of the possible role of epigenetic regulations in the smoking- and blood pressure-related pathways to CHD risk.Funding:This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (81390544 and 91846303). The CKB baseline survey and the first re-survey were supported by a grant from the Kadoorie Charitable Foundation in Hong Kong. The long-term follow-up is supported by grants from the UK Wellcome Trust (202922/Z/16/Z, 088158/Z/09/Z, 104085/Z/14/Z), grant (2016YFC0900500, 2016YFC0900501, 2016YFC0900504, 2016YFC1303904) from the National Key R&D Program of China, and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology (2011BAI09B01).
Admission Patterns in the Children’s Emergency Room of Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: I. K. Ndu , I. N. Asinobi , O. C. Nduagubam 
Published: September 2021

Aims: This study aimed to compare the difference in admission rates and severity of illness in 2019 and during the peak time period of the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic of 2020 in children presenting at the Children’s emergency room (CHER) of Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Enugu.
Study Design: This was a cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Children’s emergency room (CHER) of Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Enugu, from June 1 to August 31, 2019 and 2020 were reviewed, respectively.
Methodology: The admission records of all the children that were admitted into CHER of Enugu State University Teaching Hospital (ESUTH), Enugu, over a three-month period from June 1 to August 31, 2019 and 2020 respectively were reviewed.
Results: A total of 310 and 184 patients were seen during the study period for 2019 and 2020, respectively (40.6% decrease). A significant number of patients spent two days on admission in the children’s emergency room in 2020 than in 2019 (P < .001). Emergency admissions were 3 times more in year 2020 than in year 2019 (OR = 2.624, 95% C.I = 1.797 – 3.833, P < .001).
Conclusion: Although this study reported decreased emergency room admissions, there was an increase in the mortality rate and emergency presentations.
A Personalized Multifunctional 3D Printed Shape Memory‐Displaying, Drug Releasing Tracheal Stent
Authors: Maity Nabasmita , Mansour Nicola , Chakraborty Priyadarshi , Bychenko Darya , Gazit Ehud , Cohn Daniel 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe ability to engineer custom‐made medical devices and to implant them minimally invasively are two important trends in modern surgery. The personalization of the device is achieved by 3D printing it, while the capacity to deploy it minimally invasively harnesses the shape memory behavior displayed by the inks used. This study introduces a 3D printed, shape memory‐displaying tracheal stent based on novel, flexible photo‐polymerizable inks comprising polypropylene glycol/polycaprolactone triblocks. This research introduces the in situ welding strategy, whereby thin and flexible layers of the stent are separately printed, sequentially deployed, and then welded together at the tracheal site. By doing so, the insertion profile of the device is dramatically reduced and its flexibility largely increased. Porous stents are 3D printed seeking to prevent mucus plugging. By combining more than one ink, their properties are further fine‐tuned. Polyethylene glycol chains are covalently bonded to the stent surface to minimize biofilm formation, an important drawback of current tracheal stents. The in vitro cell viability and cell adhesion behavior of the treated surfaces reveal their compatibility and anti‐adhesive behavior. In order to prevent implant‐related infections, ciprofloxacin is added to the ink, and released in vitro over time, rendering the stent with antibacterial activity.
Approaching Nearly 40% External Quantum Efficiency in Organic Light Emitting Diodes Utilizing a Green Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitter with an Extended Linear Donor–Acceptor–Donor Structure
Authors: Chen Yang , Zhang Dongdong , Zhang Yuewei , Zeng Xuan , Huang Tianyu , Liu Ziyang , Li Guomeng , Duan Lian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters featuring preferential horizontal emitting dipole orientation (EDO) are in urgent demand for enhanced optical outcoupling efficiency in organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, simultaneously manipulating EDO and optoelectronic properties remains a formidable challenge. Here, an extended linear D–A–D structure with both enlarged donor (D) and acceptor (A) π‐systems is established, not only elaborately manipulating parallel horizontal molecular orientation and EDO along its long axis by multi‐driving‐forces for a high horizontal dipole ratio (Θ//), but also delocalizing distribution of frontier energy levels for optimized electronic properties. The proof‐of‐the‐concept emitter simultaneously affords a high Θ// of 92%, a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 95%, and a fast reverse intersystem crossing rate of 1.16 × 106 s‐1. The corresponding OLED achieves a champion maximum external quantum efficiency of 39.1% among all green TADF devices without any external light‐extraction techniques, together with a maximum power efficiency of 112.0 lm W‐1 and alleviated efficiency roll‐off. These findings may inspire even better full‐color TADF emitters that push the device efficiency toward the theoretical limits.
Singlet Oxygen “Afterglow” Therapy with NIR‐II Fluorescent Molecules
Authors: Zou Jianhua , Li Ling , Zhu Jianwei , Li Xiangchun , Yang Zhen , Huang Wei , Chen Xiaoyuan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractImproving singlet oxygen (1O2) lifespan by fractionated delivery in dark and hypoxic conditions is a better way to achieve enhanced phototherapeutic efficacy. Herein, three boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) dyes are synthesized to demonstrate that anthracence‐functionalized BODIPY, namely ABDPTPA is an efficient heavy‐atom‐free photosensitizer for the reversible capture and release of 1O2. The spin–orbit charge‐transfer intersystem crossing of ABDPTPA promises a high 1O2 quantum yield of 60% in dichloromethane. Under light irradiation, the anthracene group reacts with 1O2 to produce endoperoxide. Interestingly, after termination of irradiation, the endoperoxide undergoes thermal cycloreversion to produce 1O2, and regenerates the anthracene module to achieve 1O2 “afterglow,” which results in a prolonged half lifetime of 1O2 for 9.2 min. In vitro cytotoxicity assays indicate that ABDPTPA nanoparticles have a low half‐maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 3.6 µg mL−1 on U87MG cells. Further, the results of near‐infrared‐II fluorescence‐imaging‐guided phototherapy indicate that ABDPTPA nanoparticles can inhibit tumor proliferation even at a low dose (200 µg mL−1, 100 µL) without any side effects. Therefore, the study provides a generalized 1O2 “afterglow” strategy to enhance phototheranostics for complete tumor regression.