bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of a brief loneliness questionnaire for patients with coronary heart disease: Proposal for a prediction model
Authors: Blakoe Mitti , Christensen Anne Vinggaard , Palm Pernille , Højskov Ida Elisabeth , Thrysoee Lars , Thorup Charlotte Brun , Borregaard Britt , Mols Rikke Elmose , Rasmussen Trine Bernholdt , Berg Selina Kikkenborg 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), loneliness is associated with increased risk of morbidity and mortality. No predictive tool is available to detect patients who are influenced by loneliness to a degree that impacts mortality.AimTo: (i) propose a prediction model that detects patients influenced by loneliness to a degree that increases one‐year all‐cause mortality, (ii) evaluate model classification performance of the prediction model, and (iii) investigate potential questionnaire response errors.MethodA cohort of patients with CHD (n = 7169) responded to a national cross‐sectional survey, including two questions on loneliness. Information on cohabitation and follow‐up information on one‐year all‐cause mortality were obtained from national registers. Prediction model development was based on the prognostic values of item responses in the questionnaire on loneliness and of cohabitation, evaluated with Cox‐proportional Hazards Ratio (HR). Item responses which significantly predicted one‐year mortality were included in the high‐risk loneliness (HiRL) prediction model. Sensitivity, specificity and likelihood ratio were calculated to evaluate model classification performance. Sources of response errors were evaluated using verbal probing technique in an additional cohort (n = 7). The TRIPOD checklist has been used to ensure transparent reporting.ResultsTwo item responses significantly predicted one‐year mortality HR = 2.24 (95%CI = 1.24–4.03) and HR = 2.65 (95%CI = 1.32–5.32) and were thus included in the model. Model classification performance showed a likelihood ratio of 1.89. Response error was evaluated as low.ConclusionBased on the prognostic value in a loneliness questionnaire, a prediction model suitable to screen patients with CHD for high‐risk loneliness was suggested.Relevance to clinical practiceThe HiRL prediction model is a short and easy‐to‐use screening tool that offers clinical staff to identify patients with CHD who are influenced by loneliness to a degree that impacts mortality. However, further evaluation of model performance and questionnaire validation is recommended before integrating the model into clinical practice.
Hard and Soft Integration: Towards a Dynamic Model of Post‐Acquisition Integration
Authors: Kroon David P. , Noorderhaven Niels G. , Corley Kevin G. , Vaara Eero 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSuccessful post‐acquisition integration hinges on combining hard and soft integration, but insights into how this can be done are scarce. We develop a dynamic model of post‐acquisition integration through an in‐depth inductive study of a cross‐border acquisition. Our model illustrates that the combination of hard and soft integration decisions sets in motion intergroup interaction processes that influence both the realization of synergies and collaborative intentions. Our study advances the M&A literature by elucidating how hard and soft integration dynamically interact in their effects on post‐acquisition integration outcomes. In doing so, we respond to the call for more research on the temporal nature of integration processes. Finally, we reveal that a singular or monolithic approach to post‐acquisition integration is unlikely given that different units are likely to have different integration needs depending on their degrees of interdependence and autonomy.
It’s Not What You Say, But How You Sound: CEO Vocal Masculinity and the Board's Early‐Stage CEO Compensation Decisions
Authors: Nair Krishnan , Haque Waqas , Sauerwald Steve 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGrowing research in evolutionary psychology suggests that having a deep, masculine voice is beneficial to males in leadership positions because it signals physical strength. However, how this phenomenon plays out at the top of the modern organization is not clearly understood. We posit that CEO vocal masculinity positively influences early‐stage CEO compensation for male CEOs by biasing directors’ perceptions of CEO quality. Challenging the pervasive notion that evolved biases are deterministic, we also examine how environmental conditions (i.e., industry competitiveness) and audience characteristics (i.e., female representation on the compensation committee) moderate the effect of CEO vocal masculinity. Longitudinal analyses on a unique dataset consisting of interviews and speeches of male CEOs from publicly listed UK firms provide support for our hypothesized predictions.
Factors in children with a history of neonatal abstinence syndrome at 10 years of age: Evidence from the maternal lifestyle study
Authors: Miller Jennifer Shearer , Anderson Joel G. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPurposeFew studies have addressed the impact of prior prenatal substance exposure and current household environment on neurodevelopmental health in children with a history of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). This study aimed to describe the prenatal exposures, household environment, and neurodevelopmental health at 10 years of age among children with a history of NAS.Design and MethodsThis study was a retrospective, descriptive design using data from the Maternal Lifestyle Study. Descriptive analyses were conducted. A total of 234 children with a history of NAS were included in this study. Variables selected based on the socio‐ecological model included prenatal exposures, household environment, and neurodevelopmental health outcomes.ResultsIn this sample, most children were male (63%) with prenatal polysubstance exposure (80%). The majority lived in a home where substance use occurred (68%). Children experienced abnormal cognitive development (26%), language disorders (24%), learning disorders (23%), and abnormal behavioral development (16%).ImplicationsThis study extends the description of children with a history of NAS beyond 5 years of age. Pediatric nurses can ensure that children with a history of NAS receive neurodevelopmental screening up to and beyond 10 years of age.
Tracing the earliest stages of hydrothermal alteration on the CM chondrite parent body
Authors: King A. J. , Mason E. , Bates H. C. , Schofield P. F. , Donaldson Hanna K. L. , Bowles N. E. , Russell S. S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe CM carbonaceous chondrites are an important resource in our efforts to understand the role of volatiles in the formation of planetary systems. We report the bulk mineralogy, water abundance, and infrared (IR) reflectance spectra of the CM chondrites LaPaz Icefield (LAP) 04514, LAP 04796, LAP 04565, and LAP 02333. They contain abundant Fe‐ and Mg‐rich serpentines (~70–80 vol%), and based on their phyllosilicate fractions, we classify LAP 04514, LAP 04796, and LAP 04565 as petrologic subtype 1.6 and LAP 02333 as 1.4. This is consistent with estimated water abundances of 9.9 (±1.1) wt% for LAP 04796, 10.4 (±0.1) wt% for LAP 04565, and 11.5 (±0.5) wt% for LAP 02333. However, LAP 04514 contains less water (8.8 ± 0.3 wt%), has a shallower 3 µm band depth, and lacks tochilinite having experienced posthydration temperatures of ~300–400 °C. We conclude that LAP 04514, LAP 04796, and LAP 04565 are among the least altered CM chondrites, which retain primitive features from the initial building blocks of the CM parent body. Finally, we use the IR spectral features of LAP 04514, LAP 04796, and LAP 04565 to identify C‐complex asteroid surfaces that record mild levels of hydration.
Gender‐focused training improves leadership of female medical students: A randomised trial
Authors: Hochstrasser Seraina Rahel , Amacher Simon Adrian , Tschan Franziska , Semmer Norbert Karl , Becker Christoph , Metzger Kerstin , Hunziker Sabina , Marsch Stephan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesRecent research suggests that the gender of health care providers may affect their medical performance. This trial investigated (1) the effects of the gender composition of resuscitation teams on leadership behaviour of first responders and (2) the effects of a brief gender‐specific instruction on leadership behaviour of female first responders.MethodsThis prospective randomised single‐blinded trial, carried out between 2008 and 2016, included 364 fourth‐year medical students of two Swiss universities. One hundred and eighty‐two teams of two students each were confronted with a simulated cardiac arrest, occurring in the presence of a first responder while a second responder is summoned to help. The effect of gender composition was assessed by comparing all possible gender‐combinations of first and second responders. The gender‐specific instruction focused on the importance of leadership, gender differences in self‐esteem and leadership, acknowledgement of unease while leading, professional role, and mission statement to lead was delivered orally for 10 min by a staff physician and tested by randomising female first responders to the intervention group or the control group. The primary outcome, based on ratings of video‐recorded performance, was the first responders' percentage contribution to their teams' leadership statements and critical treatment decision making.ResultsFemale first responders contributed significantly less to leadership statements (53% vs. 76%; P = 0.001) and critical decisions (57% vs. 76%; P = 0.018) than male first responders. For critical treatment decisions, this effect was more pronounced (P = 0.007) when the second responder was male. The gender‐specific intervention significantly increased female first responder's contribution to leadership statements (P = 0.024) and critical treatment decisions (P = 0.034).ConclusionsFemale first responders contributed less to their rescue teams' leadership and critical decision making than their male colleagues. A brief gender‐specific leadership instruction was effective in improving female medical students' leadership behaviours.
A centenary for bacterial spot of tomato and pepper
Authors: Osdaghi Ebrahim , Jones Jeffrey B. , Sharma Anuj , Goss Erica M. , Abrahamian Peter , Newberry Eric A. , Potnis Neha , Carvalho Renato , Choudhary Manoj , Paret Mathews L. , Timilsina Sujan , Vallad Gary E. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDisease symptomsSymptoms include water‐soaked areas surrounded by chlorosis turning into necrotic spots on all aerial parts of plants. On tomato fruits, small, water‐soaked, or slightly raised pale‐green spots with greenish‐white halos are formed, ultimately becoming dark brown and slightly sunken with a scabby or wart‐like surface.Host rangeMain and economically important hosts include different types of tomatoes and peppers. Alternative solanaceous and nonsolanaceous hosts include Datura spp., Hyoscyamus spp., Lycium spp., Nicotiana rustica, Physalis spp., Solanum spp., Amaranthus lividus, Emilia fosbergii, Euphorbia heterophylla, Nicandra physaloides, Physalis pubescens, Sida glomerata, and Solanum americanum.Taxonomic status of the pathogenDomain, Bacteria; phylum, Proteobacteria; class, Gammaproteobacteria; order, Xanthomonadales; family, Xanthomonadaceae; genus, Xanthomonas; species, X. euvesicatoria, X. hortorum, X. vesicatoria.Synonyms (nonpreferred scientific names)Bacterium exitiosum, Bacterium vesicatorium, Phytomonas exitiosa, Phytomonas vesicatoria, Pseudomonas exitiosa, Pseudomonas gardneri, Pseudomonas vesicatoria, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vesicatoria, Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria, Xanthomonas cynarae pv. gardneri, Xanthomonas gardneri, Xanthomonas perforans.Microbiological propertiesColonies are gram‐negative, oxidase‐negative, and catalase‐positive and have oxidative metabolism. Pale‐yellow domed circular colonies of 1–2 mm in diameter grow on general culture media.DistributionThe bacteria are widespread in Africa, Brazil, Canada and the USA, Australia, eastern Europe, and south‐east Asia. Occurrence in western Europe is restricted.Phytosanitary categorizationA2 no. 157, EU Annex designation II/A2.EPPO codesXANTEU, XANTGA, XANTPF, XANTVE.
Effects of the short‐ and long‐term accumulation of detritus in larval habitats on life history traits ofAedes aegyptiin temperate Argentina
Authors: Montini P. , Fischer S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAedes aegyptilarvae that develop in containers largely depend on plant detritus as a source of nutritional resources. However, few studies have evaluated the performance of immature individuals under natural amounts and quality of this food source. Here, we aimed to assess the effect of the variation in the accumulation time and amount of detritus on life history traits ofAe.aegyptiunder semi‐field conditions.Ae.aegyptilarvae were raised with detritus collected in different sites to represent natural variability in its amount, simulating short (28 days) and long (70 days) accumulation. A control with optimal food conditions (yeast) was included. Survival, development time and wing length of adults were compared among treatments. Survival was relatively high in all treatments. Development time was similar among treatments but significantly longer and more variable in containers with the lowest detritus amounts. Wing lengths were smaller in the treatments with detritus than in the control, especially in females. The results support the hypothesis that, in a temperate region,Ae.aegyptilarvae may have a nutritional limitation, at least in some containers, and emphasize the importance of performing experiments that simulate the environmental conditions to which individuals are exposed in nature.
Prevalence and impact of Rome IV versus Rome III irritable bowel syndrome in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Fairbrass Keeley M. , Selinger Christian P. , Gracie David J. , Ford Alexander C. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS)‐type symptoms are common in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but few studies have examined the prevalence and impact of IBS‐type symptoms in IBD according to Rome IV criteria.MethodsWe collected demographic, symptom (Rome III, Rome IV, and clinical disease activity indices), psychological (anxiety, depression, and somatization), and quality of life data from 973 IBD patients. Medical records were reviewed to document disease type, extent/location, behavior, medical therapy, and antidepressant or opioid use. We compared characteristics of individuals with no IBS‐type symptoms, Rome III IBS‐type symptoms, and Rome IV IBS‐type symptoms.Key ResultsIn total, 302 (31.0%) patients met the Rome III criteria for IBS, and 172 (17.7%) met Rome IV criteria. Those with IBS‐type symptoms were younger, more likely to be female, and had higher rates of antidepressant (p = 0.006) or opioid use (p = 0.001). Rome IV IBS‐type symptoms were associated with symptoms of mood disorders, flare of disease activity, and lower quality of life scores (p < 0.001 for all analyses). Compared with Rome III criteria, those with Rome IV IBS‐type symptoms had significantly higher rates of anxiety (p < 0.001), depression (p = 0.002), and somatization (p < 0.001), lower quality of life scores (p < 0.001) and were more likely to have CD (p = 0.011), with ileal distribution (p = 0.006).Conclusions and InferencesRome IV IBS‐type symptoms are associated with increased psychological co‐morbidity, lower quality of life scores, and higher rates of antidepressant or opioid use. This is a cohort potentially at risk of adverse clinical outcomes and should be a focus for future research.
Integrating genomics and multiplatform metabolomics enables metabolite quantitative trait loci detection in breeding‐relevant apple germplasm
Authors: Bilbrey Emma A. , Williamson Kathryn , Hatzakis Emmanuel , Miller Diane Doud , Fresnedo‐Ramírez Jonathan , Cooperstone Jessica L. 
Published: September 2021

Summary

Apple (Malus × domestica) has commercial and nutritional value, but breeding constraints of tree crops limit varietal improvement. Marker‐assisted selection minimises these drawbacks, but breeders lack applications for targeting fruit phytochemicals. To understand genotype–phytochemical associations in apples, we have developed a high‐throughput integration strategy for genomic and multiplatform metabolomics data.

Here, 124 apple genotypes, including members of three pedigree‐connected breeding families alongside diverse cultivars and wild selections, were genotyped and phenotyped. Metabolite genome‐wide association studies (mGWAS) were conducted with c. 10 000 single nucleotide polymorphisms and phenotypic data acquired via LC–MS and 1H NMR untargeted metabolomics. Putative metabolite quantitative trait loci (mQTL) were then validated via pedigree‐based analyses (PBA).

Using our developed method, 519, 726 and 177 putative mQTL were detected in LC–MS positive and negative ionisation modes, and NMR, respectively. mQTL were indicated on each chromosome, with hotspots on linkage groups 16 and 17. A chlorogenic acid mQTL was discovered on chromosome 17 via mGWAS and validated with a two‐step PBA, enabling discovery of novel candidate gene–metabolite relationships.

Complementary data from three metabolomics approaches and dual genomics analyses increased confidence in validity of compound annotation and mQTL detection. Our platform demonstrates the utility of multiomic integration to advance data‐driven, phytochemical‐based plant breeding.
The first case of methotrexate‐associated lymphoproliferative disorder presenting as follicular T‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Muto Reiji , Kawakita Toshiro , Miyoshi Hiroaki , Arakawa Fumiko , Nakashima Kazutaka , Ohshima Koichi , Murayama Toshihiko 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis is the first case of follicular T‐cell lymphoma (FTCL) presenting as methotrexate‐associated lymphoproliferative disorders (MTX‐LPDs). A 69‐year‐old man treated rheumatoid arthritis with methotrexate presented with cervical swelling, hoarseness and fever. Imaging studies revealed multiple lymphadenopathy and lymphoma was suspected. Lymph node biopsy was performed to confirm the diagnosis. Pathologically, the lymph node was composed of atypical lymphocytes with a follicular growth pattern and area of necrosis. Immunohistochemical examination showed the atypical lymphocytes were positive for CD3, CD4, programmed cell death protein 1, and inducible T‐cell co‐stimulator. These findings are consistent with FTCL. During hospitalization, the patient's fever subsided and cervical lymphadenopathy improved, probably due to discontinuation of MTX. Here we presented the first case of FTCL presenting as MTX‐LPDs. The T‐cell phenotype MTX‐LPDs are relatively rare and accounts for only 3.4%–6.3% of all MTX‐LPD cases. Therefore, detailed clinicopathological features have not been clarified sufficiently. It is hoped that similar cases should be accumulated and studied to better understand the clinical and pathological features of this condition.
A case of an atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor with distinctive histology in the pineal region in an adult patient
Authors: Doi Masatomo , Koike Junki , Yoshida Yasuyuki , Nakamura Hisao , Chosokabe Motohiro , Naruki Saeko , Tajima Shinya , Endo Akira , Matsumori Takashi , Tanaka Yuichiro 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA 31‐year‐old man suffered from headaches and presented at a hospital after the symptom worsened. Obstructive hydrocephalus and a pineal tumor were identified, and he was transferred to our hospital for further investigation and treatment. Cranial computed tomography revealed a hypodense mass lesion on the right of the pineal region, and calcifications and enlargement of the lateral and third cerebral ventricles were also evident. Blood tests were negative for all tumor markers. Laparoscopic biopsy and third‐ventricle fenestration were performed that day as an emergency surgery to treat the obstructive hydrocephalus. Postoperative cranial magnetic resonance imaging revealed a solid tumor that was hypointense on T1‐weighted imaging, hyperintense on T2‐weighted imaging, and heterogeneously enhanced by Gd. Subsequently, the tumor increased in size, and craniotomy and tumorectomy were performed. Histologically, the tumor proliferated as round or short spindle‐shaped cells in a myxoid matrix, forming arrays that surrounded the blood vessels. As a few cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm were also present and immunostaining for INI‐1 was negative, the patient was diagnosed with atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT). AT/RT of the pineal region in adults is rare, and herein, we report the morphological characteristics of this case and reviewed the relevant literature.
Analysis of SARS‐CoV‐2 haplotypes and genomic sequences during 2020 in Victoria, Australia, in the context of putative deficits in innate immune deaminase anti‐viral responses
Authors: Lindley Robyn A. , Steele Edward J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe SARS‐CoV‐2 epidemic infections in Australia during 2020 were small in number in epidemiological terms and are well described. The SARS‐CoV‐2 genomic sequence data of many infected patients have been largely curated in a number of publicly available databases, including the corresponding epidemiological data made available by the Victorian Department of Health and Human Services. We have critically analysed the available SARS‐CoV‐2 haplotypes and genomic sequences in the context of putative deficits in innate immune APOBEC and ADAR deaminase anti‐viral responses. It is now known that immune impaired elderly co‐morbid patients display clear deficits in interferon type 1 (α/β) and III (λ) stimulated innate immune gene cascades, of which APOBEC and ADAR induced expression are part. These deficiencies may help explain some of the clear genetic patterns in SARS‐CoV‐2 genomes isolated in Victoria, Australia, during the 2nd Wave (June–September, 2020). We tested the hypothesis that predicted lowered innate immune APOBEC and ADAR anti‐viral deaminase responses in a significant proportion of elderly patients would be consistent with/reflected in a low level of observed mutagenesis in many isolated SARS‐CoV‐2 genomes. Our findings are consistent with this expectation. The analysis also supports the conclusions of the Victorian government's Department of Health that essentially one variant or haplotype infected Victorian aged care facilities where the great majority (79%) of all 820 SARS‐CoV‐2 associated deaths occurred. The implications of our data analysis for other localized epidemics and efficient coronavirus vaccine design and delivery are discussed.