bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Properties of Hollow Magnetic Liquid Crystal Molecularly Imprinted Polymers as Silybin Sustained‐release Carriers
Authors: Tan Ni , Chen Can , Ji Kang , Liao Sen , Liu Yaqing , Hu Lin , He Leqing , Ding Zui 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this work, a new drug carrier, the hollow magnetic silybin liquid crystal molecular imprinted polymer (HMS@LC‐MIP) was prepared through the reverse atom radical transfer polymerization(RATRP) method. In order to decrease the degree of cross‐linker, the liquid crystal ingredient methylphenyl dicyclohexyl ethylene, a kind of physical cross‐linker, being able to replace the chemical cross‐linker partly, was introduced into the synthetic system. The characterizations of HMS@LC‐MIPs were investigated by FT‐IR, VSM, TEM and so on. A series of adsorption experiments showed the maximum adsorption capacity and the adsorption equilibrium time of HMS@LC‐MIP were 18.53 mg g−1 and 180 min, respectively, and the relative selectivity factor β=2.06 implied HMS@LC‐MIP had the high selectivity to the template. The in‐vitro release experiments exhibited HMS@LC‐MIP possessed the good responsiveness to pH values and the desirable slow release performance with 48 h of sustaining time. In short, the HMS@LC‐MIP should be of a potential as drug sustained‐release agent in the future.
Al‐Incorporated Mesoporous Silica Supported ZnFe2O4 for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Chen Dan , Zhang Yingying , Wang Daoyuan , Wang Weide , Xu Yao , Qian Guangren 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNon‐noble metal photocatalysts have received widespread attention with the popularity of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Here, a brand‐new series of ZnFe2O4/Al‐MCM‐41 photocatalysts were synthesized with a simple hydrothermal strategy and analyzed through various characterizations. The results revealed that 40 % loading of Zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4) showed the most remarkable hydrogen evolution effect without noble metal decorated. It has a maximum photocatalytic hydrogen evolution of 4525.4 μmol g−1 in 3 h, which is about 5.4 times higher than that of pure ZnFe2O4. These results are mainly owing to the loading of Al‐MCM‐41, which can provide more surface reaction sites and delay the recombination of charges and holes. Moreover, the composite shows good cyclability and stability, with a high hydrogen evolution after three repeated cycles.
DNA Interactions and Antiproliferative Activity Studies of Octahedral Nickel Complexes of Two Extended Phenanthrolines
Authors: Coban Burak , Saka Engin , Yıldız Ufuk , Akkoç Senem 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTwo new imidazophenanthroline derivatives, namely 2‐(4‐bromo‐(2,1,3)‐benzothiadiazol‐7‐yl)‐1H‐imidazo[4,5‐f][1,10]phenanthroline (btdip), 2‐(dibenzofuran‐3‐yl)‐1H‐imidazo[4,5‐f][1,10]phenanthroline (dbfip) and their octahedral nickel complexes [Ni(phen)2(btdip)]2+(1) and [Ni(phen)2(dbfip)]2+(2) have been synthesized and characterized by CHN analysis, ESI‐MS, NMR and UV‐vis spectra. Their DNA binding abilities were spectrophotometrically, hydrodynamically and electrophoretically studied and found that whilebtdipbinds DNA externally,dbfipbinds in the grooves and both of their nickel complexes also bind DNA through grooves giving severe DNA damage in the presence of peroxide. The compounds were screened against four different human cancer cell lines using MTT assay method. The results obtained showed that both ligands are active against DLD‐1, and furtherdbfipis found to be more active than positive control drugs against DLD‐1 and HepG2 cell lines. The complex2has more antiproliferative effect than1against MCF‐7 and HepG2 cells. On the other hand, complex2was found to have more toxic effect on HepG2 cells than the standard drugs cisplatin and ploxal‐S.
A Mitochondria‐Targeted Fluorescence Probe for Visualizing Detection of Hypochlorite in Living Cells
Authors: Luo Pan , Xu Jiawen , Shen Bin , Xu Peng 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an extremely common inflammatory disease that can lead to joint destruction and irreversible damage. Establishing a reliable and simple analytical method is essential for the early assessment of RA. Hypochlorous acid (HClO) serves as a biomarker, and patients with inflammatory diseases often have abnormal levels of HClO. A novel mitochondria‐targeted fluorescent probe ((E)‐2‐(2‐(6‐((dimethylcarbamothioyl)oxy)naphthalen‐2‐yl)vinyl)‐1‐ethyl‐3,3‐dimethyl‐3H‐indol‐1‐ium, Hcy‐HClO) has been designed with the purpose of monitoring HClO level fluctuations in biological systems. In the presence of HOCl, intramolecular charge transfer fluorescence is triggered, and the probe exhibits a clear change in the fluorescence signal under simulated physiological conditions. The probe features a fast response (5 s), high selectivity and sensitivity, and a lower detection limit towards HOCl. In addition, the probe exhibits great biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity. More importantly, the probe can effectively aggregate mitochondria and be applied to the imaging of intracellular HClO. It is possible that the developed probe is able to act as a powerful tool to diagnose and monitor various inflammatory diseases, including RA.
Chitosan‐Modified Polyvinyl Alcohol Membrane High Performance in Biodiesel/Methanol Pervaporation Separation
Authors: Gu Liuyu , Zhang Zongqi , Yang Su , Liu Xueping , Zhang Mengting , Gao Lijing , Xiao Guomin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe chitosan doped polyvinyl alcohol film are prepared by blending heating method. The prepared membrane is characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and universal testing machine. The surface of the cast membranes is generally flat, and the pervaporation process would cause the membrane to have a wrinkled shape. These membranes can be used for pervaporation to separate methanol/biodiesel mixtures. This paper studies the effects of different chitosan additions, feed temperature and feed concentration on membrane performance. When the chitosan doping amount is 30 % by mass of polyvinyl alcohol at 40 °C, the maximum flux reaches 569.212 g m−2 h−1. At the same time, the separation factor increases as the methanol concentration in the liquid decreases. When the methanol mass fraction is 10 %, the separation factor can reach 116.717.
All‐in‐One Zeolite–Carbon‐Based Nanotheranostics with Adjustable NIR‐II Window Photoacoustic/Fluorescence Imaging Performance for Precise NIR‐II Photothermal‐Synergized Catalytic Antitumor Therapy
Authors: Zheng Ziliang , Jia Zhuo , Qin Yufei , Dai Rong , Chen Xuejiao , Ma Yanchun , Xie Xianmei , Zhang Ruiping 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn the second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) biowindow, multimodal optical imaging‐guided precise antitumor therapy is a novel strategy for high‐efficiency tumor theranostics, however, the all‐in‐one dual NIR‐II photoacoustic (NIR‐II PA) and NIR‐II fluorescence (NIR‐II FL) nanoprobes have been rarely reported mainly due to the short of a simple and universal design approach. Herein, a NIR‐II PA/NIR‐II FL imaging‐adjustable nanozyme (HSC‐2) is designed and developed to guide precise photothermal‐catalytic synergistic therapy. Based on the ionic liquids adsorption capacity, the electronic structure of zeolite nano‐Beta (three dimensional 12‐ring pore system and large surface area) can be turned from the indirect band gap to direct band gap via doping carbon in the framework, resulting in outstanding NIR‐II FL emission characteristics. As the silicon etching reaction proceeds, HSC‐2 shows superior dual‐modal NIR‐II PA/NIR‐II FL imaging performance facilitated by the optimal silicon‐to‐carbon ratio, simultaneously ensuring efficient tumor photothermal therapy (PTT) in the NIR‐II window. Impressively, the peroxidase‐mimic activity of HSC‐2 in the tumor microenvironment could be further remarkably enhanced by its photothermal effect, leading to excellent synergistic PTT/catalytic therapy. Moreover, the HSC‐2 exhibits dual‐enzyme activity, and its catalase‐like property could effectively eliminate excessive ROS for protection of the normal cells.
Determining the Role of Fe‐Doping on Promoting the Thermochemical Energy Storage Performance of (Mn1−xFex)3O4 Spinels
Authors: Carrillo Alfonso J. , Chinchilla Lidia E. , Iglesias‐Juez Ana , Gutiérrez‐Rubio Santiago , Sastre Daniel , Pizarro Patricia , Hungría Ana B. , Coronado Juan M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMn oxides are promising materials for thermochemical heat store, but slow reoxidation of Mn3O4 to Mn2O3 limits efficiency. In contrast, (Mn1−xFex)3O4 oxides show an enhanced transformation rate, but fundamental understanding of the role played by Fe cations is lacking. Here, nanoscale characterization of Fe‐doped Mn oxides is performed to elucidate how Fe incorporation influences solid‐state transformations. X‐ray diffraction reveals the presence of two distinct spinel phases, cubic jacobsite and tetragonal hausmannite for samples with more than 10% of Fe. Chemical mapping exposes wide variation of Fe content between grains, but an even distribution within crystallites. Due to the similarities of spinels structures, high‐resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy cannot discriminate unambiguously between them, but Fe‐enriched crystallites likely correspond to jacobsite. In situ X‐ray absorption spectroscopy confirms that increasing Fe content up to 20% boosts the reoxidation rate, leading to the transformation of Mn2+ in the spinel phase to Mn3+ in bixbyite. Extended X‐ray absorption fine structure shows that FeO length is larger than MnO, but both electron energy loss spectroscopy and X‐ray absorption near edge structure indicate that iron is always present as Fe3+ in octahedral sites. These structural modifications may facilitate ionic diffusion during bixbyite formation.
Single thoracic epidural injection for intra‐ and post‐lateral thoracotomy analgesia in a dog
Authors: Tonge Mary , Robson Katherine , Alderson Briony 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA 16‐month‐old cocker spaniel, body mass 15 kg, was presented for general anaesthesia for thoracotomy and lung lobectomy. Preanaesthetic medication was with intramuscular medetomidine (0.01 mg/kg) and methadone (0.2 mg/kg). General anaesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with propofol and ketamine infusions. A single thoracic epidural injection with levobupivacaine (0.5%, 1 mg/kg) and morphine (0.1 mg/kg) at the 12th‐13th thoracic intervertebral space was performed. Postoperative analgesia was with one intravenous dose of methadone (0.2 mg/kg), levobupivacaine (1 mg/kg) via indwelling thoracostomy tube and intravenous paracetamol (10 mg/kg) every 8 hours, and meloxicam (0.1 mg/kg) orally every 24 hours. Pain scoring (Glasgow CMPS‐SF) was carried out every 4 hours until 1 hour after removal of the thoracostomy tube, never exceeding 2/24. No further opioid analgesics were administered and the patient was discharged with no complications.
Gold nanoparticles in virus detection: Recent advances and potential considerations for SARS‐CoV‐2 testing development
Authors: Wang Jianxin , Drelich Adam J. , Hopkins Caroline M. , Mecozzi Sandro , Li Lingjun , Kwon Glen , Hong Seungpyo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractViruses are infectious agents that pose significant threats to plants, animals, and humans. The current coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), has spread globally and resulted in over 2 million deaths and immeasurable financial losses. Rapid and sensitive virus diagnostics become crucially important in controlling the spread of a pandemic before effective treatment and vaccines are available. Gold nanoparticle (AuNP)‐based testing holds great potential for this urgent unmet biomedical need. In this review, we describe the most recent advances in AuNP‐based viral detection applications. In addition, we discuss considerations for the design of AuNP‐based SARS‐CoV‐2 testings. Finally, we highlight and propose important parameters to consider for the future development of effective AuNP‐based testings that would be critical for not only this COVID‐19 pandemic, but also potential future outbreaks.This article is categorized under:
Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing
Diagnostic Tools > In Vitro Nanoparticle‐Based Sensing
Topological field theories induced by twisted R-Poisson structure in any dimension
Authors: Chatzistavrakidis Athanasios 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We construct a class of topological field theories with Wess-Zumino term in spacetime dimensions ≥ 2 whose target space has a geometrical structure that suitably generalizes Poisson or twisted Poisson manifolds. Assuming a field content comprising a set of scalar fields accompanied by gauge fields of degree (1, p − 1, p) we determine a generic Wess-Zumino topological field theory in p + 1 dimensions with background data consisting of a Poisson 2-vector, a (p + 1)-vector R and a (p + 2)-form H satisfying a specific geometrical condition that defines a H-twisted R-Poisson structure of order p + 1. For this class of theories we demonstrate how a target space covariant formulation can be found by means of an auxiliary connection without torsion. Furthermore, we study admissible deformations of the generic class in special spacetime dimensions and find that they exist in dimensions 2, 3 and 4. The two-dimensional deformed field theory includes the twisted Poisson sigma model, whereas in three dimensions we find a more general structure that we call bi-twisted R-Poisson. This extends the twisted R-Poisson structure of order 3 by a non-closed 3-form and gives rise to a topological field theory whose covariant formulation requires a connection with torsion and includes a twisted Poisson sigma model in three dimensions as a special case. The relation of the corresponding structures to differential graded Q-manifolds based on the degree shifted cotangent bundle T*[p]T*[1]M is discussed, as well as the obstruction to them being QP-manifolds due to the Wess-Zumino term.
Evaluation of a machine learning classifier for metamodels
Authors: Nguyen Phuong T. , Di Rocco Juri , Iovino Ludovico , Di Ruscio Davide , Pierantonio Alfonso 
Published: September 2021

AbstractModeling is a ubiquitous activity in the process of software development. In recent years, such an activity has reached a high degree of intricacy, guided by the heterogeneity of the components, data sources, and tasks. The democratized use of models has led to the necessity for suitable machinery for mining modeling repositories. Among others, the classification of metamodels into independent categories facilitates personalized searches by boosting the visibility of metamodels. Nevertheless, the manual classification of metamodels is not only a tedious but also an error-prone task. According to our observation, misclassification is the norm which leads to a reduction in reachability as well as reusability of metamodels. Handling such complexity requires suitable tooling to leverage raw data into practical knowledge that can help modelers with their daily tasks. In our previous work, we proposed AURORA as a machine learning classifier for metamodel repositories. In this paper, we present a thorough evaluation of the system by taking into consideration different settings as well as evaluation metrics. More importantly, we improve the original AURORA tool by changing its internal design. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed amendment is beneficial to the classification of metamodels. We also compared our approach with two baseline algorithms, namely gradient boosted decision tree and support vector machines. Eventually, we see that AURORA outperforms the baselines with respect to various quality metrics.
Characterizing Hope: An Interdisciplinary Overview of the Characteristics of Hope
Authors: Pleeging Emma , van Exel Job , Burger Martijn 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWhat we hope for has a large impact on how we feel and behave. Research on the determinants and effects of a hopeful disposition is increasing in several academic fields, such as psychology, nursing and organizational studies. However, how hope is defined differs significantly between disciplines, leading to fragmentation in the insights that we can draw from this research. This systematic review aims to provide an extensive overview of the ascribed characteristics of the concept of hope in ten different academic fields. Using phenomenographic research methods, these characterizations are collected and categorized to offer a comprehensive conceptual framework of hope. The resulting framework comprises 7 themes and 41 sub-themes. We show how this framework can be used to obtain a fuller understanding of the concept of hope and of possible blind spots within specific research fields.
Comparison of methods for sensitivity correction in Talbot–Lau computed tomography
Authors: Felsner Lina , Roser Philipp , Maier Andreas , Riess Christian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
In Talbot–Lau X-ray phase contrast imaging, the measured phase value depends on the position of the object in the measurement setup. When imaging large objects, this may lead to inhomogeneous phase contributions within the object. These inhomogeneities introduce artifacts in tomographic reconstructions of the object.

Methods
In this work, we compare recently proposed approaches to correct such reconstruction artifacts. We compare an iterative reconstruction algorithm, a known operator network and a U-net. The methods are qualitatively and quantitatively compared on the Shepp–Logan phantom and on the anatomy of a human abdomen. We also perform a dedicated experiment on the noise behavior of the methods.

Results
All methods were able to reduce the specific artifacts in the reconstructions for the simulated and virtual real anatomy data. The results show method-specific residual errors that are indicative for the inherently different correction approaches. While all methods were able to correct the artifacts, we report a different noise behavior.

Conclusion
The iterative reconstruction performs very well, but at the cost of a high runtime. The known operator network shows consistently a very competitive performance. The U-net performs slightly worse, but has the benefit that it is a general-purpose network that does not require special application knowledge.
Stress- and Time-Dependent Formation of Self-Lubricating In Situ Carbon (SLIC) Films on Catalytically-Active Noble Alloys
Authors: Jones Morgan R. , DelRio Frank W. , Beechem Thomas E. , McDonald Anthony E. , Babuska Tomas F. , Dugger Michael T. , Chandross Michael , Argibay Nicolas , Curry John F. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractLow shear strength (30 MPa) organic films were grown in situ on Pt0.9Au0.1 surfaces via cyclic sliding contact in dry N2 with trace concentrations of ambient hydrocarbons. We present a systematic investigation of the stress- and time-dependent film formation. Steady-state friction coefficients were found to be as low as µ ~ 0.015 and inversely proportional to contact pressure, revealing non-Amontonian behavior. Above a Hertzian contact pressure of ~500 MPa, shear strength dropped, indicating an activated process. Raman spectroscopy identified non-uniformity in areal coverage and relative order with contact pressure. Regions of steady-state low-friction behavior exhibited spectra similar to DLC coatings. Atomic force microscopy was used to study the formation and growth of films at the nanoscale. Stress- and time-dependent measurements suggested a sublinear increase of film volume with time, and a transition from growth to wear at a Hertzian contact pressure of ~1.2 GPa.
Risk factors and plant management activities for the terraced agricultural systems on the Amalfi coast (Italy): an interdisciplinary approach
Authors: Cicinelli Emanuela , Caneva Giulia , Savo Valentina 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCultivated terraces are outstanding modifications of mountains and hills to obtain arable land. These terraced agricultural systems are widespread traditional landscapes within the Mediterranean area. The cultivated terraces of the Amalfi Coast (Southern Italy) are outstanding examples of cultural landscapes, and they represent one of the key descriptors of the UNESCO Site. Terraces have characterized the landscape of the Amalfi Coast for a long time as their construction started during the Middle Age. However, their conservation is now threatened by abandonment, which has dramatically risen in the last 60 years, and by the ongoing climatic changes with the increased incidence of heavy rainfall events. We combined interviews with local farmers and vegetation surveys to understand which management activities are carried out to improve the conservation of cultivated terraces on the Amalfi Coast. To this end, we analyzed the linkages between these management practices and their influence on the vegetation growing on the terrace risers. Our informants identified the maintenance of waterways and walls as crucial factors influencing terrace and slope stability. The preservation of the integrity of terraces depends on periodic vegetation control and the maintenance of water drainage systems, which are carried out thanks to the active presence of farmers. According to our informants, the vegetation growing on the walls has a relevant role in the stability of terraces, and we found a prevalence of Hemicryptophytes that increase with the number of interventions over the year. Thus, active and vital agriculture becomes pivotal for the preservation of this cultural heritage.
Finite Element Analysis of a Novel Anatomical Locking Guide Plate for Anterior Column and Posterior Hemi-Transverse Acetabular Fractures
Authors: Deng Junhao , Li Ming , Li Jiantao , Li Zhirui , Meng Fanqi , Zhou Yanmei , Tang Peifu , Zhao Yanpeng , Zhang Licheng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The increasing worldwide prevalence of anterior column-posterior hemi-transverse fracture (ACPHTF) brings formidable challenges to orthopaedic surgeons. Our newly-designed locking plate had previously demonstrated promising effects in ACPHTF, but evidence of their direct comparison with conventional internal fixations remains lacking. In this study, we aimed to compare our novel plate with the traditional devices via finite element analysis.

Methods
The ACPHTF model was created based on a 48-year-old volunteer’s CT data, and then fixed in three different internal fixations: an anterior column locking plate with posterior column screws, double column locking plates, and our novel anatomical locking plate. These models were next loaded with a downward vertical force of 200 N, 400 N and 600 N, and the stress peaks and displacements of three different sites were recorded and analyzed.

Results
We first tested the rigidity and found that our newly-designed locking plate as well as its matched screws had a greater stiffness especially when they were under a higher loading force of 600 N. Then we evaluated the displacements of fracture ends after applying these fixations. Both our novel plate and DLP showed significantly smaller displacement than LPPCS at the anterior column fracture line and the pubic branch fracture line, while our novel plate was not obviously inferior to DLP in terms of the displacement.

Conclusion
This novel plate demonstrates a distinct superiority in the stiffness over LPPCS and DLP and comparable displacements to DLP in ACPHTF, which suggests this novel anatomical locking guide plate should be taken into consideration in ACPHTF.