bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are radiopharmaceuticals self-sterilizing? Radiation effect of gallium-68 and lutetium-177 on bacillus pumilus and staphylococcus succinus
Authors: Poetzsch Simon , Brenner Winfried , Spreckelmeyer Sarah 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background For radiopharmaceuticals, aseptic preparation in combination with filtration is the most commonly used sterilizing method. In general, the production of radiopharmaceuticals needs to fulfil the requirements of good manufacturing practice. In the scope of this work, we focused on the positron emitter gallium-68 and on the therapeutically used beta- and gamma-emitter lutetium-177, as they are routinely used for in-house synthesis of radiopharmaceuticals in nuclear medicine departments. Our hypothesis is, that radiopharmaceuticals might be self-sterilizing due to a high radioactivity concentration and high-energy radionuclides in the preparation for intravenous injections.
Results Incubation with gallium-68 and lutetium-177 for both 30 minutes and 5 hours post-dispensing did not cause any significant effect on bacteria growth. As the theoretical dose is only 0.1–0.6 % of the Ph. Eur. recommended dose of 25 kGy, we conclude that the beta and positron energy of lutetium-177 and gallium-68 as used for standard radiopharmaceutical in-house production is not sufficient to decrease the number of colony forming units compared to the control values.
Conclusions Based on these findings, gallium-68 and lutetium-177 labeled radiopharmaceuticals are not self-sterilizing under the tested conditions with respect to bacillus pumilus and staphylococcus succinus. Consequently, strict aseptic preparation conditions in addition to end-sterilization of the radiopharmaceutical e.g. through membrane filtration are strongly advised for in-house productions.
MR-Neurografie bei neuralgischer Schulteramyotrophie
Authors: Mooshage Christoph , Bendszus Martin , Jende Johann ME , Kurz Felix T 
Published: November 2021

HintergrundDas Parsonage-Turner-Syndrom (PTS) bzw. die neuralgische Schulteramyotrophie ist eine Erkrankung des peripheren Nervensystems, die typischerweise den Plexus brachialis sowie dessen Äste betrifft 1. Das Krankheitsbild scheint dabei häufiger zu sein als früher angenommen bei einer Prävalenz von bis zu ca. 1 Fall pro 100 000 pro Jahr 1. Die Pathophysiologie des PTS ist bisher unvollständig verstanden, jedoch wird angenommen, dass eine immun-vermittelte Genese ursächlich ist 2. Mögliche Trigger-Faktoren können u. a. virale Infekte, Impfungen, Traumata oder Operationen sein 3. Am häufigsten sind die Nn. thoracicus longus, suprascapularis und interosseus anterior betroffen 1. Charakterisiert ist das PTS durch akute, nachts eintretende Schmerzen im Schultergürtel, welche von Paresen und entsprechenden Atrophien gefolgt werden.
Ingestion von Fremdkörpern bei jungen Patienten mit Persönlichkeitsstörung vom Borderline-Typ
Authors: Scheppach Wolfgang , Hauschild Martin , Zwicker Martina , Konwisorz Anna , Schubring Markus , Reissmann Nikolaus 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungBerichtet wird über 8 Patientinnen mit einer Persönlichkeitsstörung vom Borderline-Typ, die zwischen 2-mal und 38-mal zur endoskopischen Entfernung ingestierter Fremdkörper aus dem oberen Verdauungstrakt vorgestellt wurden. In einem Zeitraum von 3 Jahren konnten somit bei 143 Endoskopien insgesamt 265 Fremdkörper geborgen wurden. Zahlenmäßig dominierten abgebrochene Teelöffel- und Esslöffelstiele sowie Porzellanscherben. Unter Einsatz von Polypektomieschlingen, Fangnetzen, Fasszangen und Dormiakörbchen gelang die Fremdkörperextraktion nahezu immer und ohne Komplikationen. Lediglich im Fall eines zwischen Magenfundus und -antrum eingekeilten Messers musste operiert werden. In Abhängigkeit von der Art und Zahl der Fremdkörper, der erwarteten Schwierigkeit des Bergungsmanövers und der berichteten Nüchternphase wurden etwa 40% der Endoskopien unter Schutzintubation vorgenommen. Trotz des erheblichen personellen und materiellen Aufwands favorisieren die meisten Gastroenterologen, Psychiater und Chirurgen die wiederholte Fremdkörperentfernung auch bei repetitiver Ingestion.
Stellungnahme
Authors: Kraft Karin , Schmidt Mathias 
Published: November 2021

Zum Beitrag: Der Hype um Cannabidiol und Hanf – auf der Suche nach klaren Regeln und realistischen RichtwertenDer Beitrag von Niermann et al. 1 zu realistischen Grenzwerten widerspricht im Grunde nicht dem, was wir in unserem Artikel „Ist Cannabidiol ein Lebensmittel oder ein Arzneimittel?“ gesagt haben 2. Die Ausführungen zur Toxizität von CBD und den Grenzwertberechnungen sind nachvollziehbar. Interessant ist das Urteil des BGH vom 24.3.2021, das uns zum Zeitpunkt der Manuskripterstellung nicht vorlag. Wenn dieses Urteil richtig wiedergegeben wurde, dann steht es im direkten Widerspruch zur Formulierung des BtMG, das dann aus unserer Sicht geändert werden müsste. Hier geht es um die aus dem Gesetz ableitbare Aussage, dass auch Nutzhanf nicht an Endverbraucher abgegeben werden darf. Trotz BGH-Urteil verspricht dies also noch weitere Diskussionen. Zu bedenken ist vor dem Hintergrund der aktuellen Liberalisierungsdebatte auch, dass das deutsche BtMG vor dem Hintergrund der „United Nation Convention on Psychotropic Substances“ von 1971 zu sehen ist, Deutschland also die internationale Vereinbarung nicht einseitig abändern kann.
Entwicklung und Evaluation einer manualisierten
körperpsychotherapeutischen Gruppenintervention mit Funktioneller
Entspannung bei krebskranken Patienten „Gelassen mit Leib und
Seele“
Authors: Greinacher Anja , Martens Ute , Maatouk Imad 
Published: November 2021

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Eine Machbarkeitsstudie zur Überprüfung, ob
onkologisch erkrankte PatientInnen an einem Angebot zu Funktioneller Entspannung
teilnehmen und davon profitieren können.
Methodik Eine Gruppenintervention (N=14) über 10 Sitzungen
in Anlehnung an das Funktionelle Entspannung-Stressmanual; Messung der
psychischen Belastung durch eine prä-post-Fragebogenerhebung.
Ergebnisse Die Intervention scheint gut geeignet, psychisch belastete
PatientInnen bei der Verarbeitung ihrer Beschwerden und im Umgang mit Stressoren
zu unterstützen. Es zeigten sich Hinweise, dass das allgemeine
Wohlbefinden stieg und Hyperarousal sank.
Diskussion Die Intervention wurde gut angenommen, eine
regelmäßige Teilnahme war jedoch aufgrund der Erkrankung nicht
immer möglich. Der körpertherapeutische Ansatz und das
Gruppensetting schienen besonders hilfreich. Aufgrund der starken
körperlichen Belastung der PatientInnen wurden die Struktur der Gruppe
sowie einzelne Übungen individuell angepasst.
Schlussfolgerung Die körperbezogenen Interventionen machten
unbewusste Anteile zugänglich und damit in begrenztem Umfang
psychotherapeutisch bearbeitbar. Es benötigt weitere Forschung, um die
Effektivität dieser Funktionellen Entspannungs-Gruppenintervention zu
untersuchen.
A Mild and Efficient Synthesis of Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridines Mediated by Triphenylphosphine/Diiodine
Authors: Jia Kai , Ma Wenchao , Jiang Chao , Yan Yintao , Zhang Chenming 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA synthesis of 2,3-diaryl-substituted pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridines in moderate to good yields under metal-free and mild conditions is described. The intramolecular cyclization of the oxime substrates is mediated by PPh3/I2, which leads directly to pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridines without the formation of a 2H-azirine intermediate. Various substituents on the aryl rings are compatible with the method.
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis in a 2-Year-Old Patient Following COVID-19
Authors: Robinson Amy , Chapman Louise , Watts Wendy 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis report presents the case of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in a 2-year-old patient following a positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) test. She presented with ataxic gait, truncal ataxia, and reduced coordination following 10 days of intermittent fever and lethargy. She did not have any respiratory symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and spine showed widespread T2 high signal within the gray and white matters and within the spinal cord. She was treated with intravenous methylprednisolone followed by tapering oral prednisolone; this led to resolution of her neurological symptoms. This case highlights that neurological complications can occur secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
The Common but Complicated Tool: Review of Embolic Materials for the Interventional Radiologist
Authors: Young Shamar , Rostambeigi Nassir , Golzarian Jafar 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEmbolization is an important and widely utilized technique in interventional radiology. There are a variety of different categories and individual products which can be utilized to perform embolization. Understanding the different classes of embolic agents, the important features of each of these classes including strengths and limitations, and the variation in individual products within the classes is critical for interventional radiologist to practice safely and effectively. This article reviews the different kinds of embolics and relays some of the pertinent physical and chemical properties of individual products which should be considered when determining which embolic to select for a given purpose.
Beyond the MAA-Y90 Paradigm: The Evolution of Radioembolization Dosimetry Approaches and Scout Particles
Authors: Keane Grace , Lam Marnix , de Jong Hugo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRadioembolization is a well-established treatment for primary and metastatic liver cancer. There is increasing interest in personalized treatment planning supported by dosimetry, as it provides an opportunity to optimize dose delivery to tumor and minimize nontarget deposition, which demonstrably increases the efficacy and safety of this therapy. However, the optimal dosimetry procedure in the radioembolization setting is still evolving; existing data are limited as few trials have prospectively tailored dose based on personalized planning and predominantly semi-empirical methods are used for dose calculation. Since the pretreatment or “scout” procedure forms the basis of dosimetry calculations, an accurate and reliable technique is essential. 99mTc-MAA SPECT constitutes the current accepted standard for pretreatment imaging; however, inconsistent patterns in published data raise the question whether this is the optimal agent. Alternative particles are now being introduced to the market, and early indications suggest use of an identical scout and treatment particle may be superior to the current standard. This review will undertake an evaluation of the increasingly refined dosimetric methods driving radioembolization practices, and a horizon scanning exercise identifying alternative scout particle solutions. Together these constitute a compelling vision for future treatment planning methods that prioritize individualized care.
Autoaugmentation: A Feasible Option before Ileal Augmentation in Selected Cases
Authors: Altan Mesut , Bozacı Ali Cansu , Asci Ahmet , Dogan Hasan Serkan , Tekgul Serdar 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the long-term outcomes of autoaugmentation (AA) in pediatric population.
Materials and Methods The data of 59 patients (32 females and 27 males) who underwent AA between 1993 and 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. During postoperative follow-up, deterioration on renal scan and/or nonimproved hydronephrosis (HN) were described as upper urinary tract (UUT) impairment. Incontinence was described as use of diaper or pad. Preoperative urodynamic volume was divided into two as less than 50 and more than or equal to 50% expected bladder capacity (EBC). The effect of preoperative clinical factors on reaugmentation, incontinence, and UUT impairment was evaluated.
Results The mean age and the median follow-up were 8.9 ± 3.6 years and 64 (12–218) months, respectively. Ten (16.9%) patients underwent reaugmentation (ureteral or ileal). UUT impairment and incontinence rates were 13.6% (8/59) and 30.5% (18/59), respectively. On multivariate analysis, less than 50% EBC was the only predictor of reaugmentation and incontinence (p = 0.013, odds ratio [OR]: 17.546 and p = 0.035, OR: 3.750, respectively). Preoperative HN was predictor of UUT impairment (p = 0.041, OR: 10.168). After AA, 51 patients used clean intermittent catheter and 27 (45.8%) patients discontinued the use of anticholinergic medication. At follow-up, eight (13.5%) patients underwent surgery after AA due to long-term complications, dissatisfaction, or poor functional results (bladder neck injection, cystolithotripsy, Mitrofanoff revision, dilatation, and injection).
Conclusion AA is a viable option in selected cases with high pressure and low compliant bladders. Preoperative bladder capacity is significant for reaugmentation rate and continence. UUT impairment is related to preoperative HN.
Experience in the Treatment of Pentalogy of Cantrell with Artificial Materials in a Single Clinical Center
Authors: Wang Gang , Xi Linyun , Li Hongbo , Wang Yi , Wu Chun , Pan Zhengxia , Li Yonggang , Wang Quan , Dai Jiangtao 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective To summarize experience in the treatment of pentalogy of Cantrell (POC) in our hospital and explore the effect of artificial materials in repairing sternal defects.
Materials and Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on treatment of five children with POC treated by using the Gore-Tex patch and titanium mesh in the Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, from January 2010 to January 2019.
Results The concurrent conditions included double outlet of right ventricle (n = 2), ventricular septal defect (VSD) and atrial septal defect (ASD) (n = 1), VSD and ASD and patent ductus arteriosus (n = 1), and VSD and left ventricular diverticulum (n = 1) in five cases with POC. Color Doppler echocardiography and computed tomography (CT) + three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of the thorax and abdomen were performed preoperatively. The cardiac malformation was corrected according to color Doppler echocardiography, and a Gore-Tex patch was used to repair the pericardial defect. Titanium mesh was made according to CT 3D reconstruction with a 3D printing mold to repair sternal defects. All patients underwent a one-stage operation, all hearts were eventually repositioned, no deaths occurred after the operation, and follow-up was performed for 6 months to 2 years. The patients recovered well, and the exterior thorax was normal.
Conclusion The diagnosis of POC is not difficult. The priority of surgical treatment for POC is to obtain satisfactory corrections of cardiac malformation. The repair of the pericardial defect with the Gore-Tex patch and the sternal defect with the titanium mesh can make the heart return to the mediastinum, reduce the pressure on the heart, reduce the surgical trauma, reduce the difficulty of repairing the sternal defect, and optimally restore the exterior thorax.
Anastomotic Stricture in End-to-End Anastomosis—Risk Factors in a Series of 261 Patients with Esophageal Atresia
Authors: Koivusalo Antti , Mutanen Annika , Suominen Janne , Pakarinen Mikko 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Aim To assess the risk factors for anastomotic stricture (AS) in end-to-end anastomosis (EEA) in patients with esophageal atresia (EA).
Methods With ethical consent, hospital records of 341 EA patients from 1980 to 2020 were reviewed. Patients with less than 3 months survival (n = 30) with Gross type E EA (n = 24) and with primary reconstruction (n = 21) were excluded. Outcome measures were revisional surgery for anastomotic stricture (RSAS) and number of dilatations required for anastomotic patency without RSAS. The factors that were tested for risk of RSAS or dilatations were distal tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) at the carina in C-type EA (congenital TEF [CTEF]), type A/B EA, antireflux surgery (ARS), anastomotic leakage, recurrent TEF, and Spitz group and congenital heart disease.
Main Results A total of 266 patients, Gross type A (n = 17), B (n = 3), C (n = 237), or D (n = 9) underwent EEA (early n = 240, delayed n = 26). Early anastomotic breakdown required secondary reconstruction in five patients. Of the remaining 261 patients, 17 (6.1%) had RSAS, whereas 244 patients with intact end to end required a median of five (interquartile range: 2–8) dilatations for anastomotic patency. Main risk factors for RSAS or (> 8) dilatations were CTEF, type A/B, ARS, and anastomotic leakage that increased the risk of RSAS or dilatations from 4.6- to 11-fold.
Conclusion The risk of severe AS is associated with long-gap EA, significant gastroesophageal reflux, and anastomotic leakage.
Third-Space Endoscopy: Recent Updates
Authors: Nabi Zaheer , Reddy D Nageshwar 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThird space or submucosal space is a potential space which on expansion allows the endoscopist to execute a multitude of therapeutic procedures for various gastrointestinal diseases like achalasia, subepithelial tumors, Zenker’s diverticulum, and refractory gastroparesis. Third space was first utilized for performing endoscopic myotomy in cases with achalasia cardia about a decade ago. Since then, the field of submucosal endoscopy has witnessed an exponential growth. The present review focuses on recent advances in the field of third-space endoscopy. With regard to per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) in achalasia cardia, several recent studies have evaluated the long-term outcomes of POEM, compared endoscopic myotomy with pneumatic dilatation (PD) and surgical myotomy, and evaluated the outcomes of short- versus long-esophageal myotomy. In addition, the utility of multiple dose antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent infections after POEM has been questioned. Overall, the results from these studies indicate that POEM is a durable treatment modality, equally effective to Heller’s myotomy and superior to PD. With regard to gastric-POEM (G-POEM), recent studies suggest only modest efficacy in cases with refractory gastroparesis. Therefore, quality studies are required to identify predictors of response to optimize the outcomes of G-POEM in these cases. Another third-space endoscopy procedure that has gained popularity is endoscopic division of septum in cases with esophageal diverticula including Zenker’s POEM and epiphrenic diverticula POEM (Z-POEM and D-POEM, respectively). The technique of diverticulotomy using the principles of submucosal endoscopy appears safe and effective in short term. Data on term outcomes are awaited and comparative trials with flexible endoscopic myotomy required. Per-rectal endoscopic myotomy (PREM) is the most recent addition to third space endoscopy procedures for the management of short-segment Hirschsprung’s disease. Limited data suggest that PREM may be a promising alternative surgery in these cases. However, quality studies with long-term follow-up are required to validate the outcomes of PREM.
Update of the BIPM comparison BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Cd-109 of activity measurements of the radionuclide 109Cd to include the 2012 result of the LNE-LNHB (France)
Authors: Michotte C , Courte S , Nonis M , Coulon R , Judge S , Ratel G , Fréchou C , Thiam C 
Published: November 2021

Main text
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Update of the BIPM comparison BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Gd-153 of activity measurements of the radionuclide 153Gd to include the 2020 result of the NIST (United States)
Authors: Michotte C , Courte S , Nonis M , Coulon R , Judge S , Bergeron D E , Cessna J T , Fitzgerald R P , Laureano-Perez L , Pibida L 
Published: November 2021

Main text
Since 1988, 3 laboratories have submitted 5 samples of 153Gd to the International Reference System (SIR) for activity comparison at the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM), with comparison identifier BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Gd-153. Recently, the NIST (United States) participated in the comparison and the key comparison reference value (KCRV) has been updated. The degrees of equivalence between each equivalent activity measured in the SIR and the updated KCRV have been calculated and the results are given in the form of a table. A graphical presentation is also given.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Negative-ion bombardment increases during low-pressure sputtering deposition and their effects on the crystallinities and piezoelectric properties of scandium aluminum nitride films
Authors: Tominaga Takumi , Takayanagi Shinji , Yanagitani Takahiko 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Scandium aluminum nitride (ScAlN) films are being actively researched to explore their potential for use in bulk acoustic wave and surface acoustic wave resonators because of their good piezoelectric properties. Sputtering is commonly used in ScAlN film deposition. Unfortunately, it has been reported that film quality metrics such as the crystallinity and piezoelectric properties can deteriorate before the Sc concentration reaches 43% without an isostructural phase transition. One reason for this is bombardment with negative ions generated from carbon and oxygen impurities in the Sc ingots. Because the number of negative ions increases during low-pressure sputtering deposition, their effect on film quality may be considerable. In this study, we investigated negative-ion bombardment of the substrate during sputtering deposition and its effects on ScAlN crystallinity and piezoelectric properties. Negative-ion energy distribution measurements indicated that many more negative ions collide with the substrate during ScAlN film deposition than during AlN deposition. In addition, decreasing the sputtering pressure further increased the number of negative ions and their energies. It is well known that film quality improves at low pressures because increasing the mean free path reduces thermalization and scattering of sputtered particles. Although, AlN crystallinity and piezoelectric properties improved at low pressures, the properties of ScAlN films deteriorated dramatically. Therefore, the results indicated that ion bombardment increase at low pressure adversely effects ScAlN crystal growth, deteriorating crystallinity and piezoelectric properties. ScAlN films may be improved further by suppressing negative-ion bombardment of the substrate.
Reduced breakdown voltage for in-liquid plasma discharges using moveable electrodes
Authors: Zhou Rusen , Liu Baowang , Li Yiyang , Zhou Renwu , Li Wenshao , Hong Jungmi , Zhang Tianqi , Zhou Dejiang , Xian Yubin , Cullen Patrick J , Lu Xinpei , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken) 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Minimizing the breakdown voltage and discharge current required to initiate direct in-liquid discharges, thus lowering power-source requirements and avoiding electrode ablation, is crucial for industrial applications of in-liquid plasmas. Here we demonstrate such considerable reductions by employing movable electrodes, without changing the electrode configuration or increasing the system complexity. The new mechanism is based on electrostatic electrode attraction resulting in a reduction in the discharge spacing by up to 6 times and facilitating a plasma initiation at lower breakdown voltages. The accumulated charges consumed by the discharge revert the electrodes to the initial positions, forming a gliding arc between the enlarged gaps and thus inhibiting current increases and electrode ablation.