bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Open Lung Recruitment untuk Pasien Udem Paru Akut Pasca Operasi Sesar
Authors: Sulistyanti Dwiana , Uyun Yusmein 
Published: March 2021

Udem paru akut pada wanita hamil merupakan kejadian yang jarang tetapi merupakan kejadian yang dapat mengancam jiwa. Meskipun merupakan kejadian yang jarang terjadi tetapi berhubungan dengan meningkatnya resiko pada ibu juga meningkatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas janin. Beberapa faktor resiko yang diidentifikasikan dapat menyebabkan udem paru: preeklamsi atau eklamsi, infeksi yang berat, penggunaan obat tokolitik, kelebihan cairan dan kehamilan ganda. Selain itu, perubahan fisiologi yang berhubungan dengan kehamilan mungkin bisa menjadi penyebab udem paru pada wanita hamil. Ventilasi mekanik efektif meningkatkan kandungan oksigen dan menurunkan trauma pada paru. Open lung recruitment dapat meningkatkan oksigenasi pada pasien dengan udem paru akut, dapat menurunkan indeks cairan ekstravaskuler paru, meningkatkan pengembangan paru dan menurunkan tekanan pada jalan nafas. Laporan kasus ini menjelaskan tentang penanganan udem paru akut pada wanita muda pasca operasi sesar atas indikasi preeklamsi, dimana dilakukan open lung recruitment saat pasien dirawat di ruang ICU, pasien dirawat selama hampir 2 minggu dan pulang dalam keadaan baik.
Open Lung Recruitment for Patient Acute Pulmonary Edema Post Caesarean Section
Abstract
Acute pulmonary edema in pregnant women is a rare but life-threatening event. Although it is a rare event, but it is associated with an increased risk for the mother as well as increasinh fetal morbidity and mortality. Several indentified risk factors can cause pulmonary edema : preeclampsia or eclamsia, severe infections, use of tocolytic drugs, fluid overload, and multiple pregnancies. In adition, physiological changes related to pregnancy may be a cause of pulmonary edema in pregnant women. Mechanical ventilation effectively increases oxygen content and reduces trauma to the lungs. Open lung recruitment can increase oxygenation in patient with acute pulmonary edema, can reduce the pulmonary extravascular fluid index, increase lung development, and reduce pressure on the airway. This case report describes the management of acute pulmonary edema in young women post-operative cesarean section for indications of preeclampsia, where open lung recruitment is performed when the patient is treatedin the ICU, the patient is treated for almost two weeks and return home in good condition.
Halide bridged organophosphorus complexes of HgX2 (X: I, Br and Cl): Synthesis, structure and theoretical studies
Authors: Mondal Jahangir , Manna Amit Kumar , Patra Goutam Kumar 
Published: March 2021

Three organophosphorus mercury (II) coordination compounds [Hg2(µ-X)2X2(PPh3)2] {X: I (1), Br (2), and Cl (3)} have been synthesized by the reaction of mercury (II) halides with triphenylphosphine. The prepared complexes were characterized by spectroscopic techniques as well as by elemental analysis. The crystal structure of [Hg2(µ-I)2I2(PPh3)2] (1) was obtained by single-crystal X-ray diffraction study. Crystal data for [Hg2(µ-I)2I2(PPh3)2], C36H30Hg2I4P2: Monoclinic, space group P21/c (no. 14), a = 19.2115(13) Å, b = 11.1291(8) Å, c = 19.0599(14) Å, β = 90.461(2)°, V = 4075.0(5) Å3, Z = 4, T = 293.15 K, μ (MoKα) = 10.657 mm-1, Dcalc = 2.336 g/cm3, 46095 reflections measured (4.23° ≤ 2Θ ≤ 49.994°), 7182 unique (Rint = 0.0563, Rsigma = 0.0365) which were used in all calculations. The final R1 was 0.0322 (I > 2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.0780 (all data). The single crystal analysis of [Hg2(µ-I)2I2(PPh3)2] complex revealed that it has dimeric structure with bridged halides. [Hg2(µ-I)2I2(PPh3)2] complex has also a supramolecular arrangement through I···H-C interactions. The crystal packing and supramolecular features of these coordination compounds have also been studied using geometrical analysis, Hirshfeld surface analysis and DFT studies. Hirshfeld surface analysis indicated that H···H (49.3%), C···H (10.6%), and I···H (12.8%) interactions are the primary contributors to the intermolecular stabilization in the crystal. The equilibrium geometries of the studied complexes are investigated theoretically at the B3LYP/LANL2DZ level of theory. The calculated energy gap between HOMO-LUMO orbitals for complexes 1, 2, and 3 are in the trend of complex 3 > 2 > 1.
Synthesis and detailed characterization of a newly synthesized chalcone, 3-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(naphthalen-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one
Authors: Jayappa Madhu Kumar Dogganal , Akhileshwari Prabhuswamy , Sridhar Mandayam Anandalwar , Nagarajappa Lohith Tumakuru , Nagaraju Shivegowda , Raghavendra Subrayachar , Jayappa Manasa Dogganal 
Published: March 2021

Chalcones are the main component of some natural compounds. The title compound, 3-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(naphthalen-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one, was synthesized and characterized. The compound (C21H18O3) crystallizes in the triclinic system with the space group of P-1 (no. 2), a = 7.7705(4) Å, b = 10.2634(6) Å, c = 11.2487(6) Å, α = 79.655(5)°, β = 81.500(5)°, γ = 68.039(5)°, V = 815.28(9) Å3, Z = 2, T = 293(2) K, μ(MoKα) = 0.086 mm-1, Dcalc = 1.297 g/cm3, 9126 reflections measured (4.318° ≤ 2Θ ≤ 52.728°), 3302 unique (Rint = 0.0466, Rsigma = 0.0528) which were used in all calculations. The final R1 was 0.0568 (I > 2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.1667 (all data). The crystal structure is stabilized by both short C-H···O inter- and intra-molecular interactions. In addition, the crystal structure is reinforced by π-π interactions. Hirshfeld surface analysis confirmed the presence of C-H···O intermolecular interactions. The two-dimensional fingerprint plots are used to visualize the individual interactions present in the molecule. DFT calculations were performed to know the energy levels of the frontier molecular orbitals (HOMO-LUMO). The energy gap between the frontier molecular orbitals shows the kinetic stability of the molecule. The chemical reactive sites are observed by generating MEP surface. Non-covalent interactions (NCIs) are analyzed using reduced density gradient (RDG) analysis.
Evaluating stratospheric ozone and water vapour changes in CMIP6 models from 1850 to 2100
Authors: Keeble James , Hassler Birgit , Banerjee Antara , Checa-Garcia Ramiro , Chiodo Gabriel , Davis Sean , Eyring Veronika , Griffiths Paul T. , Morgenstern Olaf , Nowack Peer , Zeng Guang , Zhang Jiankai , Bodeker Greg , Burrows Susannah , Cameron-Smith Philip , Cugnet David , Danek Christopher , Deushi Makoto , Horowitz Larry W. , Kubin Anne , Li Lijuan , Lohmann Gerrit , Michou Martine , Mills Michael J. , Nabat Pierre , Olivié Dirk , Park Sungsu , Seland Øyvind , Stoll Jens , Wieners Karl-Hermann , Wu Tongwen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Stratospheric ozone and water vapour are key components of the Earth system, and past and future changes to both have important impacts on global and
regional climate. Here, we evaluate long-term changes in these species from the pre-industrial period (1850) to the end of the 21st century
in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6)
models under a range of future emissions scenarios. There is good agreement between the CMIP multi-model mean and observations for total column
ozone (TCO), although there is substantial variation between the individual CMIP6 models. For the CMIP6 multi-model mean, global mean TCO has
increased from ∼ 300 DU in 1850 to ∼ 305 DU in 1960, before rapidly declining in the 1970s and 1980s following the
use and emission of halogenated ozone-depleting substances (ODSs). TCO is projected to return to 1960s values by the middle of the 21st century
under the SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, SSP4-3.4, SSP4-6.0, and SSP5-8.5 scenarios, and under the SSP3-7.0 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios TCO values are projected to
be ∼ 10 DU higher than the 1960s values by 2100. However, under the SSP1-1.9 and SSP1-1.6 scenarios, TCO is not projected to
return to the 1960s values despite reductions in halogenated ODSs due to decreases in tropospheric ozone mixing ratios. This global pattern is
similar to regional patterns, except in the tropics where TCO under most scenarios is not projected to return to 1960s values, either through
reductions in tropospheric ozone under SSP1-1.9 and SSP1-2.6, or through reductions in lower stratospheric ozone resulting from an acceleration of
the Brewer–Dobson circulation under other Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs). In contrast to TCO, there is poorer agreement between the
CMIP6 multi-model mean and observed lower
stratospheric water vapour mixing ratios, with the CMIP6 multi-model mean underestimating observed water vapour mixing ratios by
∼ 0.5 ppmv at 70 hPa. CMIP6 multi-model mean stratospheric water vapour mixing ratios in the tropical lower stratosphere have
increased by ∼ 0.5 ppmv from the pre-industrial to the present-day period and are projected to increase further by the end of the 21st
century. The largest increases (∼ 2 ppmv) are simulated under the future scenarios with the highest assumed forcing pathway
(e.g. SSP5-8.5). Tropical lower stratospheric water vapour, and to a lesser extent TCO, shows large variations following explosive volcanic eruptions.
Validation of the Sentinel-5 Precursor TROPOMI cloud data with Cloudnet, Aura OMI O2–O2, MODIS, and Suomi-NPP VIIRS
Authors: Compernolle Steven , Argyrouli Athina , Lutz Ronny , Sneep Maarten , Lambert Jean-Christopher , Fjæraa Ann Mari , Hubert Daan , Keppens Arno , Loyola Diego , O'Connor Ewan , Romahn Fabian , Stammes Piet , Verhoelst Tijl , Wang Ping 
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Accurate knowledge of cloud properties is essential to the measurement of atmospheric composition from space. In this work we assess the quality of the cloud data from three Copernicus Sentinel-5 Precursor (S5P) TROPOMI cloud products: (i) S5P OCRA/ROCINN_CAL (Optical Cloud Recognition Algorithm/Retrieval of Cloud Information using Neural Networks;Clouds-As-Layers), (ii) S5P OCRA/ROCINN_CRB (Clouds-as-Reflecting Boundaries), and (iii) S5P FRESCO-S (Fast Retrieval Scheme for Clouds from Oxygen absorption bands – Sentinel). Target properties of this work are cloud-top height and cloud optical thickness (OCRA/ROCINN_CAL), cloud height (OCRA/ROCINN_CRB and FRESCO-S), and radiometric cloud fraction (all three algorithms). The analysis combines (i) the examination of cloud maps for artificial geographical patterns, (ii) the comparison to other satellite cloud data (MODIS, NPP-VIIRS, and OMI O2–O2), and (iii) ground-based validation with respect to correlative observations (30 April 2018 to 27 February 2020) from the Cloudnet network of ceilometers, lidars, and radars. Zonal mean latitudinal variation of S5P cloud properties is similar to that of other satellite data. S5P OCRA/ROCINN_CAL agrees well with NPP VIIRS cloud-top height and cloud optical thickness and with Cloudnet cloud-top height, especially for the low (mostly liquid) clouds. For the high clouds, S5P OCRA/ROCINN_CAL cloud-top height is below the cloud-top height of VIIRS and of Cloudnet, while its cloud optical thickness is higher than that of VIIRS. S5P OCRA/ROCINN_CRB and S5P FRESCO cloud height are well below the Cloudnet cloud mean height for the low clouds but match on average better with the Cloudnet cloud mean height for the higher clouds. As opposed to S5P OCRA/ROCINN_CRB and S5P FRESCO, S5P OCRA/ROCINN_CAL is well able to match the lowest CTH mode of the Cloudnet observations. Peculiar geographical patterns are identified in the cloud products and will be mitigated in future releases of the cloud data products.
WAYS IN WHICH HIGH-SCHOOL STUDENTS UNDERSTAND THE SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION FOR PROPORTIONS
Authors: BATANERO CARMEN , BEGUÉ NURIA , BOROVCNIK MANFRED , GEA MARÍA M. 
Published: March 2021

In Spain, curricular guidelines as well as the university-entrance tests for social-science high-school students (17–18 years old) include sampling distributions. To analyse the understanding of this concept we investigated a sample of 234 students. We administered a questionnaire to them and ask half for justifications of their answers. The questionnaire consisted of four sampling tasks with two sample sizes (n = 100 and 10) and population proportions (equal or different to 0.5)systematically varied. The experiment gathered twofold data from the students simultaneously, namely about their perception of the mean and about their understanding of variation of the sampling distribution. The analysis of students’ responses indicates a good understanding of the relationship between the theoretical proportion in the population and the sample proportion. Sampling variability, however, was overestimated in bigger samples. We also observed various types of biased thinking in the students: the equiprobability and recency biases, as well as deterministic pre-conceptions. The effect of the task variables on the students’ responses is also discussed here.
First published December 2020 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
STUDENTS’ INFORMAL HYPOTHESIS TESTING IN A PROBABILITY CONTEXT WITH CONCRETE RANDOM GENERATORS
Authors: NILSSON PER 
Published: March 2021

This study examines informal hypothesis testing in the context of drawing inferences of underlying probability distributions. Through a small-scale teaching experiment of three lessons, the study explores how fifth-grade students distinguish a non-uniform probability distribution from uniform probability distributions in a data-rich learning environment, and what role processes of data production play in their investigations. The study outlines aspects of students’ informal understanding of hypothesis testing. It shows how students with no formal education can follow the logic that a small difference in samples can be the effect of randomness, while a large difference implies a real difference in the underlying process. The students distinguish the mode and the size of differences in frequencies as signals in data and used these signals to give data-based reasons in processes of informal hypothesis testing. The study also highlights the role of data production and points to a need for further research on the role of data production in an informal approach to the teaching and learning of statistical inference.
First published December 2020 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
Prise En Charge Sanitaire Des Malades Du Vih/Sida Au Centre Vivre Dans L’Esperance De Dapaong (Région Des Savanes Au Togo)
Authors: LARE Babénoun 
Published: March 2021

Résumé : L’apparition de la maladie du VIH/sida dans le monde a contraint les pays à prendre en charge les personnes infectées. C’est ainsi qu’au Togo, la prise en charge médicale de ces malades au « Centre vivre dans l’espérance MAGUY » de Dapaong a connu des fortunes diverses où l’engagement des Religieuses a permis aux malades du VIH/sida, d’avoir un niveau d’accès judicieux aux soins de santé. Cet article vise à analyser le mécanisme de prise en charge sanitaire des malades du VIH/sida dans ledit centre.Une méthodologie quantitative et qualitative a été utilisée. Au total, 260 personnes ont été enquêtées et les données collectées ont été traitées à partir des logiciels Cspro 7.4 et Nudist 1.71. Des cartes ont été réalisées grâce au logiciel Arc GIS 3.2.Il résulte de cette étude qu’il y a une bonne prise en charge de ces malades depuis 2000 avec 46% des enquêtés qui ont vu leur état de santé s’améliorer. Cela est dû essentiellement au coût moins élevé des médicaments, aux activités organisationnelles de prise en charge. Plus de 75% des personnes infectées interrogées ont déclaré que l’administration et la disponibilité des structures de prises en charge sont des facteurs non négligeables dans l’amélioration de leur état de santé.Mots clés : personnes infectées, prise en charge, santé, vivre dans l’espérance, VIH/sida, Dapaong. Abstract : The emergence of the disease of HIV / AIDS in the world has forced countries to take care of those infected. Thus in Togo, the medical care of these patients at the “Center to live in hope MAGUY” in Dapaong has experienced varying degrees of success where the commitment of the Religious has enabled HIV / AIDS patients to d '' have a judicious level of access to health care. This article aims to analyze the mechanism of health care for HIV / AIDS patients in the said center.A quantitative and qualitative methodology was used. A total of 260 people were surveyed and the data collected was processed using Cspro 7.4 and Nudist 1.71 software. Maps were produced using Arc GIS 3.2 software. The results of this study show that there has been good care for these patients since 2000, with 46% of respondents having seen their state of health improve. This is mainly due to the lower cost of drugs, to organizational support activities. More than 75% of the infected people questioned declared that the administration and availability of care structures are significant factors in improving their state of health.Keywords: infected people, care, health, living with hope, HIV / AIDS, Dapaong.
Evaluation des Caractéristiques Biophysiques des Ressources Ligneuses du Mont Gangan dans la Préfecture de Kindia, Guinée.
Authors: DORE Soua , CONDE Youssouf , Cissoko Boubacar , SAKOUVOGUI Ansoumane 
Published: March 2021

Dans le cadre de cette étude, la richesse et les groupements floristiques ont été identifiés dans les trois sites ainsi que la structure du peuplement. La méthodologie a consisté d’abord en un relevé floristique dans des placettes circulaires de 25m de rayon implantées dans une zone la plus homogène possible. L’étude du couvert arboré actuel a permis : (i) d’identifier dans 12 placettes 118 arbres de 49 espèces, reparti en 19 familles ; (ii) de définir six types de formation végétale relativement dégradés et (iii) de mettre en lumière leurs liens avec les principaux facteurs du milieu (sols, topographie). La densité est de 50 tiges par hectare dans l’ensemble des surfaces échantillonnées. Des caractéristiques biophysiques comme le diamètre, la hauteur, la surface terrière et l’indice de valeur d’importance des arbres ont été calculé par site. Des enquêtes ont porté sur la perception de la Direction National des Eaux & Forêts des habitants du village au sujet des milieux, des espèces et des changements en cours. Ils sont très conscients des énormes services que procurent le milieu et les espèces végétales, de l’ampleur des changements en cours (dégradation du couvert végétal et baisse de la disponibilité des espèces végétales spontanées) et des risques pour leur bien-être et celui des générations futures.
Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Siswa Melalui Model Pembelajaran
Authors: Santosa Donald Samuel Slamet , Sampaleng Donna , Amtiran Abdon 
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of learning models on student learning achievement. This research is a quantitative, associative research. The location of this research is SD Pres. Jl. Ki Hajar Dewantara, Pasirgombong, Kec. North Cikarang, Bekasi, West Java. The population of this research is the elementary students of the President consisting of 4 classes with a total of 70 students with a sample size of 30 students. Research data were collected using a questionnaire technique that has been proven valid and reliable. In the first stage the data for each variable was analyzed using a simple frequency distribution and continued in the second stage by linear regression analysis. This calculation is done using the SPSS program for windows. The results of the study concluded that there is an influence of learning models on student achievement. For this reason, it is recommended that teachers improve their students' learning achievement through the use of the most appropriate learning models. While the supervision role of school principals and school supervisors is needed to ensure a good learning model organized by teachers.

Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh model pembelajaran terhadap prestasi belajar siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif, asosiatif. Lokasi penelitian ini adalah di SD Presiden Jl. Ki Hajar Dewantara, Pasirgombong, Kec. Cikarang Utara, Bekasi, Jawa Barat. Populasi penelitian ini adalah para siswa SD Presiden yang terdiri dari 4 kelas denganjumlah 70 orang siswa dengan besaran sampel sebanyak 30 orang siswa. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan teknik angket yang sudah terbukti valid dan reliabel. Pada tahap pertama data setiap variabel dianalisis dengan menggunakan distribusi frekuensi sederhana dan dilanjutkan pada tahap kedua dengan analisis regresi linier. Perhitungan ini dilakukan dengan berbantu prgram SPSS for windows. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran terhadap prestasi belajar siswa. Untuk itu disarankan kepada guru untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswanya melalui penggunaan model pembelajaran yang paling sesuai. Sedangkan peran supervisi kepala sekolah dan pengawas sekolah diperlukan untuk menjamin baiknya model pembelajaran yang diselenggarakan oleh guru.
Pendidikan Karakter dalam Membentuk Perilaku Etis Mahasiswa STAKN Kupang
Authors: Natonis Harun Y. 
Published: March 2021

The objectives achieved in this determination are: To analyze character education in shaping the ethical behavior of students of the Kupang Christian State College (STAKN); identify the values of character education and ethical values; and analyze how character education in shaping the ethical behavior of students of STAKN Kupang. The method used in this study, namely: a qualitative descriptive method that discusses descriptively qualitative. The results obtained after the research are: Character Education is the process of developing character or attitude including the potential that exists in humans to be able to develop properly and benefit themselves, others and also the surrounding environment; In relation to Christian ethics, ethical behavior is an attitude or behavior that is in accordance with Christian teachings, such as: honest, responsible, open, loving, disciplined, polite, tolerance, respecting others, believing, and so on; the role of character education in the formation of the ethical behavior of Kupang STAKN students is very good. Only indeed it takes awareness from each party. No matter how good the rules are made to apply together, but if there is no awareness then the rules are just like an outer wrap that is thrown away and is useless. The aims and vision of the Kupang STAKN mission are very clear. But the success rate of its implementation is relatively dependent on the awareness of its implementation.

Abstrak
Tujuan yang dicapai pada penetian ini yakni: Untuk menganalisis pendidikan karakter dalam membentuk perilaku etis mahasiswa Sekolah Tinggi Agama Kristen Negeri (STAKN) Kupang; mengidentifikasi nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter dan nilai-nilai etis; dan menganalisis bagaimana pendidikan karakter dalam membentuk perilaku etis mahasiswa STAKN Kupang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yakni: metode deskriptif kualitatif yang membahas secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil yang diperoleh setelah penelitian yakni: Pendidikan Karakter adalah proses pengembangan karakter atau sikap termasuk di dalamnya potensi yang ada dalam diri manusia agar dapat berkembang dengan baik dan bermanfaat bagi dirinya, orang lain dan juga lingkungan sekitarnya; Dalam kaitannya dengan etika kristen, maka perilaku etis adalah sikap atau perilaku yang sesuai dengan ajaran Kristen, seperti: jujur, bertanggung jawab, terbuka, penuh kasih, disiplin, sopan, toleransi, menghargai orang lain, beriman, dan sebagainya; peranan pendidikan karakter dalam pembentukan perilaku etis mahasiswa STAKN Kupang sudah sangat baik. Hanya memang dibutuhkan kesadaran dari masing-masing pihak. Sebaik apapun aturan itu dibuat untuk diterapkan bersama, namu jika tidak ada kesadaran maka aturan itu hanyalah ibarat bungkus luar yang dibuang dan tidak berguna. Tujuan dan visi misi STAKN Kupang sangat jelas. Namun tingkat keberhasilan implementasinya relatif bergantung pada kesadaran pelaksanaannya.