bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological and social Harmony Among adults: A study field in adolescents care house in Sulaymaniyah
Authors: Abdullah Assist. Inst. Qoestan Ali 
Published: March 2021

It is worth mentioning that the disintegration of Iraqi family due to poverty and losses of lives due to wars, violence and persecution Iraq has undergone led to several cases of child deprived of one of the parents or both that led many families to put their children in adolescents care houses or orphanage, a responsibility that used to be taken care by relatives in the past. The study population comprises 23 orphan adolescents (8 females and 15 males) who live in an adolescents care house in Sulaymaniyah. The main results as shown in table 12 is that there are a significant difference at 0.01 level in total scores of adjustment among groups where the F value was 5.48 to differentiate significance among means then calculate the absolute value of difference among means which showed the following:

a) the are significant differences at 0.05 level between mean scores of adolescents group in care house and those of adolescents in educational aspect.
B) Between mean scores of adolescents there are significant difference between adolescents who receive no care and the mean scores of adolescents who receive no care.
c) There are significant differences between mean scores of adolescents who receive no care and the mean scores of adolescence who receive care at care house which are in favor of adolescents who receive no care compared to those who are under care house institution. The differences among care house group mean scores were not significant.
d) It is obvious that there are differences in the self-concept among adolescents under different care types, in favor of orphans who live under the care of extended family and receive a special program compared to adolescents under care house.
e) The study showed that a child needs siblings who develop with him and share family life, each member of the family has his own role in participating in his personality development and growth and un preparing him for integration and interaction with society.
Fundamental rules relating to child freedom (Thinking and expression - play) model
Authors: Al - Jmor Assis. Prof. Dr. Perjeen Abdul Rahman , Sedeek Assis. Prof. Dr. Rana Salah 
Published: March 2021

This research includes a fundamental study of the evidence of the freedom of the child in the Qur'an and what is correct in the Sunnah, by stating the fundamental rules that apply to this evidence, all in two axes: Thinking and expression. The second: play .
The research was divided into three section:
The first is to identify the Vocabulary of the title and the relevant terms
Second: Fundamental rules relating to the freedom of the child to think and express
Third: Fundamental rules relating to the freedom of the child to play
The Fundamental rules relating to the freedom of the child to think and express in this research were nineteen bases, and that relating to the freedom of the child to play were fifteen bases. All of which prove that Islam and its legislation have brought compassion, respect and appreciation to every human being, especially the child, and called for respecting the freedom and rights of the child, and urged this in various ways, unlike those who claim to have practiced Arbitrariness and Narrowing of children .
We concluded the research by mentioning the results we reached through this study.
O God Make this work an argument for us on the day we meet you, and do not make it an argument on us . Glory be to God and praise, witness that There is no god but You, We are sorry and repent to you and our last prayer that praise God, Lord of the World .
The feminine features in Ebtesam Abdullh’s stories: Incense as Selected Sample
Authors: Saed sahib PhD Assit. Prof. Dr. Suhad , Ismail PhD Inst. Mohamed Anwer 
Published: March 2021

Feminism in the world has passed through many intellectual and ideological movements and different theories. It has also been effected by some writers and thinkers like John Stewart and others, but it became prominent in literature and fine arts . Thus, literary texts express women expectations in life and society and introduce the most important women issues in regarding liberty and defending her humanistic and social rights in addition to her historical struggle to be on equal with the man. This research discusses the feminine features in the literary works of the novelist ( Ebtesam Abdullh) especially in her story collection (incense). The novelist has presented woman issues, especially Iraqi women issues, during the war period. The novelist adopted a set of issues that the woman is interested in like masculine dominance and freeing women from men’s control. Furthermore, the novelist talked about body, love and freedom by using expressive language and a splendid artistic style.
Evaluating the English Textbook for the 6th Stage of Preparatory and Secondary Schools
Authors: Mahdi Musa Assist. instructor: Hasan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract:
Although textbooks maintain an important role in the EFL context, their sovereignty on teaching has been challenged and the belief that teachers can blindly rely on them has been questioned. Textbook evaluation has become a necessary practice in the field of teaching, seeking to assist in the choice of the best suitable book for a specific context, promote teachers’ awareness on the actual contents of a book and facilitate them to make necessary adaptations. The present study investigated the suitability of the textbook used for 6th stage of preparatory and secondary schools. The results of the study suggested that the strengths of the book could be identified in areas of organization, thematic content and inclusion of all the language skills. However, the problematic areas related to authentic language, integration of skills, nature of tasks and materials for assessment. We need to evaluate textbooks for helping the teacher or program developer in making decisions on selecting the appropriate textbook. Furthermore, evaluation of the merits and demerits of a textbook will familiarize the teacher with its probable weaknesses and strengths. This will enable teachers to make appropriate adaptations to the material in their future instruction.
The attitude of the Arab League from the Arab Spring Revolutions in North Africa.
Authors: Shallal Al-Mehdawi Instructor  Faisal 
Published: March 2021

Arab League position form a milestone of the revolution in the Arab region, especially in North Africa, was unsatisfying, blurred and hesitant in its direction to what is called variables (revolutions of the Arab Spring). The paper is divided to four axes and the conclusions presented. the first axis deals with the Arab League's position on the revolution in Tunisia, e second axis is on the position of the Arab League in the revolution in Egypt occur, and the third axis is the Arab League's position on the revolution in Libya, finally, an analytical vision on the Arab League's position on the Arab revolution in North Africa is elaborated.
The role of Al-Yazouri in the route of the Fatimid caliphate
Authors: AbdulNabi Dr: Ali Faisal 
Published: March 2021

Fatimid Al-Hassan bin Ali Al-Yazouri (the minister) has administrative abilities and political perception which enables him to occupy an admirable position in the Fatimid period.

Al-Yazouri capabilities’ enable him to establish an important contributions to his country, and his impact on both internal and external phases, on internal level he saw stabilization of systemic Fatimid rule, and encouraged cultural and scientific movement and treatment of the major economic problems that gripped the country during the serious crisis that passed in Egypt over the acute shortage of Nile River’s level and struck the country.

On the external level, he feast an rebellion of the prince Almuez Ben Badis in Africa on the Fatimid caliphate by attaching the Arab tribes such as , Helal , Reyah , Zukba and others to undermine. After his death of the minister in 450 A.H. / 1058 A.D. He left a great political emptiness which is appeared in his impact when fifty-four ministers failed after him in dealing with the Fatimid caliphate problems, forcing the Caliph Al-Mustansir Billah use wali Acre , Badr al-Jamali 466 A.H. / 1073 A.D to solve the problems that the state was faced.
The integration and citizenship in a multicultural society
Authors: Khreisan Dr. Awatif Ali 
Published: March 2021

There is no a communitydeprived from multiculturalism of religious, ethnics and linguistic. The freedom of the citizen is linked to cultural edification, in turns, the availability of opportunities for peaceful coexistence and acceptance of others. In order to,transfer the individuals and groups from the state of clash and struggle into a state of living together. It is a form of access to the political and legal systems to make these rights a real, through the availability of integration processes at the beginning is the building of Citizenship which is theonly relationship that achieve integration over social, religious and cultural divisions for the establishment civil stateof a stable political system.
The existential vacuum of the displaced
Authors: Yousif Assist. Prof. Dr. Fadil Muhsen , Naje Asist .instructor.  Zaid abbas 
Published: March 2021

The current research aims to identify: existential vacuum level in a sample of the displaced. differences in the existential vacuum depending on the variable type (male - females).The current study identified a sample of the displaced (males - females) in 2015-2016 within the province of Najaf. To achieve the objectives of the research, the researchers adopted the following:

Use (descriptive approach) in the detection of the existential vacuum.
The construction of the existential vacuum.

This researchers applied the scale on a sample of (100) internally displaced people and then analyzed the data using Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS). Based on the results, the researchers made a number of conclusions and appropriate recommendations.
Identifying The Pragmatic Force Of Attiudinal Intonation In Some Selected Political Speeches
Authors: Farhan Instructor Mahmood Atiya , Qanbar Ali Assist. Inst. Faiza 
Published: March 2021

The main problem of the present study may be attributed to the fact that some politicians use different ranges and patterns of intonation when they want to express different emotions and attitudes that underlie different pragmatic forces. The study aims at identifying the pragmatic force of attitudinal intonation in some political speeches together with identifying pitch variations that are determined by various syntactic constructions that impart the illocutionary forces of political speeches and perlocutionary acts .The procedures used in this paper are: first, collecting and classifying speeches selected from the ex-American president Barack Obama and the current American President Donald Trump from the internet ; second ,analyzing the data collected by adopting Roach’s patterns of intonation (2009)and Searle’s classification of illocutionary acts intonation (1975)
The paper consists of two sections .Section one is a review of literature that comprises the basic terms that are of relevant to the study. Section two deals with methodology , data analysis and results of the study.
The main conclusions that the paper has come up with are : (1) meaning is changed by virtue of ranges of intonation, (2) pragmatic force of intonation changes emotions from one person to another by rising or falling the voice of the speaker , (3) some speakers tend to use low and /or high pitches to meet certain pragmatic forces.
The Conditional "If" for Arab Scholars
Authors: Abdullah Ghali Dr. Malik Hasan 
Published: March 2021

This study shows different senses(meanings) of the word "if" in the speech of Arabs: verse and prose and specially in Quranic text and the possibility of its variety in its syntactic context with reference to its straightness specific and general meanings. This research presents the literary meaning of 'if' and its kinds, then it explains its meanings for the Arabic scholars through the following research aspects:
-Prohibited conditional 'if', and its meanings, rules and its answer
-Non- prohibited conditional 'if', and its meanings and rules.
-The mutual constrains between the two conditions of ' if' followed by some Quranic texts
Lamentation of Ibn Al-Rumi to Abu Al-Husain Yahiya Bin Umar Bin Al Hussein Bin Zaid Bin Ali(May Allah be pleased with him)
Authors: Kamal Dr. Sera Tarek 
Published: March 2021

Lamentations have formed an important theme throughout the successive periods of Arab poetry, especially the Abbasid period, for the multifaceted and humanistic aspects of this original poetic purpose, on the one hand, and because it transcends merely a positive emotional attitude of the elusive and negative people and life on the other. It is also worthy of research and guidance, and it is important to know the importance of human life and its causes. And its poets deserve attention . It was "the son of Rumi" who lived a life filled with oppression and injustice, one of the most prominent poets of this purpose and notify it, and seems to be overlooked as much as the poet and value this was motivated by the Astitharh carefully study a range of modern researchers, led by "Akkad" who Straighten him a complete study titled " son Abrome his life from his hair, "Abdul Hamid good in his study" Ibn Al-Rumi spelling "and other studies that have tried to explore this Mknunat felt Ahaaraly technical and substantive levels. With regard to the purpose of lamentation, the scholars unanimously agreed on the distinction of Ibn al-Rumi in it, and enabled him to know his data, especially the technical ones, but what is taken on these studies interest in certain poems other than the poet in this regard, especially those inherited by his children without paying attention to other poems The poet sang in religious and social figures that had an impact on changing the behavior of the society by diagnosing its shortcomings and standing up against the oppression and oppression practiced by the ruling authority against some of them, especially the "students" who suffered from the marginalization and persecution of power. and supporter of the family of Ali bin AbiTalib ( The poet of the poems, which included the heat of the passion and honesty, and the high level of artistic which provided the poet these characters, especially their hero, "Hussein bin Yahiya ibn Umar bin Zaid bin Ali" In this regard, because it included the sincerity of emotion, and creativity in the embodiment of poetic images coated with verbal templates, the poet's keenness to choose the most beautiful and plush; to fit the status of the lure and the end of the greatness he chose for himself, not a monk in a moral unit that the impact in the poem that included beyond One hundred percent, the visions of the Poet were gathered Life, time, alarm, and patience, which we tried to study, taking the technical and social approaches to uncover the meanings of the poem artistically and objectively .
Modern God created the soil on Saturday A recent critical study
Authors: El Sayed Dr. Mohamed , Najem Dr. Fariz Abdullah 
Published: March 2021

The research examined a recent study "God created soil on Saturday " which is one of the ahaadeeth that the scholars differed in old and new, between this research the attitudes of scientists from talking and the Board with discussion and the correct statement, as well as it came with scientific benefits and accurate results and edited, and if we strive to reach our goal I hope to God that we have agreed to the good hopefully exalted.
Manufacturing structure in Diyala province 2015 (Special study on small and large industries)
Authors: Ragab Abboud Dr. Mai Thamer 
Published: March 2021

The industrial sector is an important sector that contributes effectively to the gross domestic product hence , the support of the industrial sector and upgrading the existing industries should be the main objectives any development policy as this sector has a significant relative weight among economic sector .
The importance of small industries as best field to absorb some of the products of large prospects and the production of small enterprises , so it is not strange that coordination and cooperation between the two industries and it is necessary to identify ways of cooperation and the relation ship between the two activities to achieve the objectives of its existence .
The research aims to identify the reality of the industrial structure in diyala governorate in terms of studying the concept of industrial structure and its patterns and the industrial branches in the province for the year 2015 .
The problem of the research has been the province has invested all the possibilities available for industrial activity in them , and whether the industrial structure fit the greet potential of the province , and is there a difference in the structure of manufacturing in the provinces of diyala .
The hypothesis of the research came in answer to the previous question . Diyala province has huge potential that has not yet invested or invested in part in the industrial activity , which has grown relatively ,but its investment in the industry was not efficient development , as well as there is a significant , related industry and manufacturing at the district level .
The research was based on the descriptive approach and the analytical mothod .
The most important findings of the research :
1- supporting the private sector and providing infrastacture and providing protection to him so that he can raise his products to the level of competition.
2- Encouraging information programs that contribute to citizens awareness of the importance of national products in order to encourage national and increase their importance to the national products .
3- raising awareness of the importance of small and large enterprises and clarifying their role in economic development .
A study of some physical properties and chemical and biological water to the Tigris River near the Alshuhadah Bridge and evaluated for different purposes for the period (2012-2014)
Authors: Mohammed Dr. Najla Ajeel 
Published: March 2021

The research investigates some physical, chemical and biological properties of the Tigris water River near the Alshuhadah Bridge and evaluated these properties for drinking, irrigation industrial and construction purposes for the period (2012-2014), and until July for the year (2014) due to the lack of data for the rest of the year.
Through the analysis of properties results it had been found that there is some variation during the months of the year, as well as between the annual averages for the three years where the Cadmium element did not record any value, which was equal to zero, as well as the iron element except for the month of May for the year (2013). In addition, it was noted that the Tigris River water near the Alshuhadah bridge in the month of May for the year (2012 ) and the month of July of the year (2013) within the class (C2) which is a brackish water and it needs to filtering operations for some crops which are sensitive to salinity and that due to lack of the total dissolved salts in the water in the mentioned two months(July and May), while it found in the rest of the three years months within the class ( C3) which is a high-salinity water and cannot be used without continuouslydrainage. The value of (PH) of the water was found within the permissible limits for drinking, irrigation and industrial purposes and has taken the baseband side during the three years with except for the month of December for the year (2012) and the month of April for the year ( 2014) which was neutral in pH (PH = 7), while it noticed that in the month of May for the year (2014) was acidic (PH =6.89) and the value of (TDS), sodium and nitrate for the three years within the permissible limits for drinking purposes. In addition, the value of the absorbed vital oxygen was within the permissible limits for irrigation purposes. Also the value of chlorides, carbonates and boron for the three years was within the permissible limits for drinking and irrigation, while the rest items values fluctuated between the permitted and non-permitted to be used for these purposes, Besides that, the values of calcium, magnesium, sodium and chlorides for the three years was within the allowed boundaries for the purposes of building and construction. While the usage of water for industrial purposes for affected components in industry, it had fluctuated between permitted and non-permitted for using.
A geographical analysis of the phenomenon of child labor in the city of Nasiriya (Study in social geography)
Authors: Al Zayadi M. Husam Sabar Hadi , Al Zayadi Dr. Hussein Aliwi Nasir 
Published: March 2021

The study mainly designed to stand up to the reality of child labor in the city of Nasiriyah, see the most prominent factors and reasons that led to the spread of this phenomenon in recent times and develop appropriate solutions to address them.
It was found during the study of the high proportion of male workers to 90.4%, while the proportion of female workers fell to 9.6% of the total proportion of working children in the city. As it turns out that 27.9% of working children are those who at the age of 9 years old and under, and social aspects of the analysis showed that a large proportion of child workers belong to the families of disjointed where the percentage of divorce, strife family for my parents respondents 24.2%, and the proportion of children orphans who Vkaddo one or both parents stood at 28.7%, which reflects the role of social factors in pushing children into the labor market. Analyzing the results of the questionnaire low educational level of the parents of the respondents generally showed, reaching secretary and semi ratio secretary (mom Aujraj elementary) of parents 73.1%, and the mothers 84.4%, it turns out that the largest proportion of children are those who have abandoned the study or did not attend at all schools and the proportion of 68.7%, which confirms that there is a strong correlation between child labor and education relationship.
Fear In The Holy Koran
Authors: Shukr Dr. Hassan Mahmoud 
Published: March 2021

Abstract:
In the name of God the most gracious the most merciful And prayers and peace be upon Muhammad and his good and pure family. The fear of God is a characteristic of the messengers, and reached by the close angels and righteous Worshipers, so my research was to study (Fear in the Holy Quran) because of the importance of this subject in the life of man from several aspects of educational social socialism, and characterized by fear overwhelm his actions and statements and that got the happiness of the realm and the hereafter It is a light cast by God in the heart of His worshipers , and worship without fear has no effect, only if the worshiper subjected his body and heart to God Almighty, it sends life to work, but make worship loving the soul. My research has been divided into an introduction, three researches, and a conclusion. As for the introduction, it dealt with the importance of the topic and the extent to which societies need it. As for the first topic: the definition of fear of language and terminology, and its virtues and fruits. As for the second topic: I dealt with the reasons for the fear and opposition to it. The third topic: I have showed the types of fear. As for the fourth topic: I have addressed the fear of prayer as a model. At the end of my research I came out with the result that fear is a blessing from the grace of God on man, which he enjoys by whom he wishes of his worshipers to be pleased with the first life and the last life .