bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Place Attachment in the Riverfront Public Space Case of Malaysia
Authors: Karsono B , Saleh B M , Chung C O , Wahid J 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Many cities in Malaysia established their first development on the banks of the river. Urbanization phenomenon and technological advances then cause these riverfront areas developed and changed gradually. Progressively, inappropriate physical changes at the riverfront environment can reduce the usage and meaning of place together with the level of place attachment. The role of physical appearances related to the activities become famous issues in urban design discourses as an effort to establish the identity to the place; nevertheless, the research to measure the attachment level in public space is rarely done. This research is to identify the place attachment and its contributed components focus on pedestrian space in the riverfront area, public spaces which are favoured in Malaysia. Mixed-method approaches are implemented in this study by developing a framework to indicate the elements that affect the place attachment by the user. Surveys and interviews carried out in two riverfront promenade in Kuching and Malacca, there are Sarawak and Malacca riverfront promenade. 330 respondents involved in the questionnaire while 26 people were interviewed. Triangulation method is used to analyse the data and the results are achieved based on the objective of the research. The results found that some factors affected the level user’s attachment, namely: their familiarity to place, length of engagement, personal background and user’s role.
Barriers for green building implementation in Malaysian construction industry
Authors: Wong S Y , Low W W , Wong K S , Tai Y H 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The high amount of greenhouse gases emissions in construction industry has alerted the experts in construction industry to look into the opportunity of green building. Green building claimed to have positive impact on the environment by reducing the carbon emissions, enhance workers productivity and provide long-term economic benefits. However, the adoption rate of green building in Malaysian construction industry is not that high compared to other developed countries. This paper aims to identify the key challenges that faced by the construction industry supply chain professions, such as engineers, developers, architects and contractors. Questionnaire survey was used to collect data in this paper. Thirty-six valid responses were received and used for analysis. The results shown that the most important barrier was the lack of market demand on green building. This seems to imply that the supply chain agents are rely on the demand of clients to decide on their level of involvement in green building. The results of this paper could contribute in raising the awareness among the supply chain agents in taking proactive steps in investing in green building by stressing its benefits to their clients.
Thermal behavior and combustion performance of Al/Bi2O3 nano thermites with the effect of potassium perchlorate
Authors: Li Shi , Guo Tao , Yao Miao , Ding Wen , Chen Jialin , Song Jiaxing , Zhang Sheng , Zhu Rui 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
To study the effect of the addition of potassium perchlorate (KClO4) on the performance of nano thermites, Al/Bi2O3 nano thermites with different mass fraction (wt%) of KClO4 was made by ultrasonic dispersion method. Then, all samples were tested by SEM, DSC and rapid excitation ignition. DSC results showed Al/Bi2O3/10 wt%KClO4 had the highest heat release. Compared with Al/Bi2O3, the heat release increased by 28.32%. The results of activation energy calculations showed Al/Bi2O3/30 wt%KClO4 had the lowest activation energy (Ea). Its activation energy was reduced by 30%, mere about 149.17 KJ mol−1. Finally, it can be seen from the combustion situation that the addition of KClO4 reduced the intensity of burning. This work found a way to increase the heat release or reduce the activation energy of nano thermites by controlling the amount of KClO4 added.
Evolutionary dynamics of Bertrand duopoly
Authors: Killingback Julian , Killingback Timothy 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Duopolies are one of the simplest economic situations where interactions between firms determine market behavior. The standard model of a price-setting duopoly is the Bertrand model, which has the unique solution that both firms set their prices equal to their costs—a paradoxical result where both firms obtain zero profit, which is generally not observed in real market duopolies. Here we propose a new game theory model for a price-setting duopoly, which we show resolves the paradoxical behavior of the Bertrand model and provides a consistent general model for duopolies.
Machine-learning enhanced dark soliton detection in Bose–Einstein condensates
Authors: Guo Shangjie , Fritsch Amilson R , Greenberg Craig , Spielman I B , Zwolak Justyna P 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Most data in cold-atom experiments comes from images, the analysis of which is limited by our preconceptions of the patterns that could be present in the data. We focus on the well-defined case of detecting dark solitons—appearing as local density depletions in a Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC)—using a methodology that is extensible to the general task of pattern recognition in images of cold atoms. Studying soliton dynamics over a wide range of parameters requires the analysis of large datasets, making the existing human-inspection-based methodology a significant bottleneck. Here we describe an automated classification and positioning system for identifying localized excitations in atomic BECs utilizing deep convolutional neural networks to eliminate the need for human image examination. Furthermore, we openly publish our labeled dataset of dark solitons, the first of its kind, for further machine learning research.
A Geography of Risk: Structural Racism and Coronavirus Disease 2019 Mortality in the United States
Authors: Zalla Lauren C , Martin Chantel L , Edwards Jessie K , Gartner Danielle R , Noppert Grace A 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is disproportionately burdening racial and ethnic minority groups in the United States. Higher risks of infection and mortality among racialized minorities are a consequence of structural racism, reflected in specific policies that date back centuries and persist today. Yet our surveillance activities do not reflect what we know about how racism structures risk. When measuring racial and ethnic disparities in deaths due to COVID-19, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention statistically accounts for the geographic distribution of deaths throughout the United States to reflect the fact that deaths are concentrated in areas with different racial and ethnic distributions from those of the larger United States. In this commentary, we argue that such an approach misses an important driver of disparities in COVID-19 mortality, namely the historical forces that determine where individuals live, work, and play, and that consequently determine their risk of dying from COVID-19. We explain why controlling for geography downplays the disproportionate burden of COVID-19 on racialized minority groups in the United States. Finally, we offer recommendations for the analysis of surveillance data to estimate racial disparities, including shifting from distribution-based to risk-based measures, to help inform a more effective and equitable public health response to the pandemic.
Sport-Related and Psychosocial Factors Associated With Motives and Consequences Of Alcohol and Cannabis Use Among NCAA Athletes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Williams Callon M , Shaw Michael T , Mastroleo Nadine R , Zale Emily L 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Aims
To review differences in alcohol- and cannabis-related motives and consequences among National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) athletes as a function of athlete characteristics (e.g. gender and competition season status).

Methods
Procedures followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. PubMed, PsycINFO and manual reference list review were used to identify studies that reported alcohol- or cannabis-related motives and consequences among NCAA athletes as a function of gender, race, season status, division level or sport-type through December 2019. Relevant findings and any reported psychosocial correlates were extracted by two independent reviewers.

Results
The majority of studies (K = 15) focused on alcohol-related motives or consequences, with one examining cannabis-related motives, and no studies examined cannabis-related consequences. Social drinking motives were strongest among men and White NCAA athletes, and athlete-specific motives were most salient for men and in-season athletes. Cannabis use motives for positive reinforcement (e.g. enhancement) and coping were also strongest during the in-season. Negative alcohol-related consequences were greatest among men, athletes of color and out-of-season athletes, although women and in-season athletes experienced more consequences in athletic performance. Our exploratory aim revealed two studies that examined psychosocial correlates, and the results indicate that sensation-seeking, stress and negative affect were associated with more alcohol-related consequences.

Conclusion
NCAA athletes are a heterogenous population, and their motives and consequences of use appear to vary across multiple athlete factors (e.g., gender). This review highlights the gaps in the literature and suggests future research directions to identify the risk and protective factors for substance use among NCAA athletes.
Evaluation of solid state of rice flours produced by different milling processes using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy
Authors: Ishikawa Daitaro , Yang Jiamin , Ichikawa Chiaki , Fujii Tomoyuki 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
This study evaluated the influence of the milling process on solid state of rice flours according to water activity using ATR-FTIR. A band at 1740 cm−1 attributed to the C=O stretching of lipids was detected for crystalline samples, and it disappeared at a high aw range. The CH band at 2930 cm−1 of crystalline samples gradually shifted to a higher wavenumber with aw. This band of the α-formed and wet-milled samples shifted to higher wavenumbers above 0.8aw. A band due to OH stretching mode in the 3500-3000 cm−1 region did not shift with aw. The result obtained from IR spectra suggests that the parameter K calculated by Guggenheim–Anderson–de Boar model reflected not only the interaction between water molecules but also the changes of state in solids. Consequently, the results from this study provide insights about the adsorption properties of nonideal solids such as rice flour.
Mutation in gene coding for glucose-induced degradation-deficient protein contributes to high malate production in yeast strain No. 28 and No. 77 used for industrial brewing of sake
Authors: Negoro Hiroaki , Kotaka Atsushi , Ishida Hiroki 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Saccharomyces cerevisiae produces organic acids including malate during alcohol fermentation. Since malate contributes to the pleasant flavor of sake, high-malate-producing yeast strain No. 28 and No. 77 have been developed by the Brewing Society of Japan. In this study, the genes responsible for the high malate phenotype in these strains were investigated. We had previously found that the deletion of components of the glucose-induced degradation-deficient (GID) complex led to high malate production in yeast. Upon examining GID protein–coding genes in yeast strain No. 28 and No. 77, a nonsense homozygous mutation of GID4 in strain No. 28 and of GID2 in strain No. 77 were identified as the cause of high malate production. Furthermore, complementary tests of these mutations indicated that the heterozygous nonsense mutation in GID2 was recessive. In contrast, the heterozygous nonsense mutation in GID4 was considered semidominant.
Genome-wide screens in yeast models towards understanding chronological lifespan regulation
Authors: Legon Luc , Rallis Charalampos 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Cellular models such as yeasts are a driving force in biogerontology studies. Their simpler genome, short lifespans and vast genetic and genomics resources make them ideal to characterise pro-ageing and anti-ageing genes and signalling pathways. Over the last three decades, yeasts have contributed to the understanding of fundamental aspects of lifespan regulation including the roles of nutrient response, global protein translation rates and quality, DNA damage, oxidative stress, mitochondrial function and dysfunction as well as autophagy. In this short review, we focus on approaches used for competitive and non-competitive cell-based screens using the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, for deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying chronological ageing. Automation accompanied with appropriate computational tools allowed manipulation of hundreds of thousands of colonies, generation, processing and analysis of genome-wide lifespan data. Together with barcoding and modern mutagenesis technologies, these approaches have allowed to take decisive steps towards a global, comprehensive view of cellular ageing.
Pregnancy-induced changes in the transcriptome of the bovine corpus luteum during and after embryonic interferon-tau secretion
Authors: Mezera Megan A , Li Wenli , Wiltbank Milo C 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Understanding luteal maintenance during early pregnancy is of substantial biological and practical importance. Characterizing effects of early pregnancy, however, has historically been confounded by use of controls with potential exposure to early Prostaglandin F2-alpha (PGF) pulses or differences in Corpus Luteum (CL) age. To avoid this, the present study utilized bihourly blood sampling to ensure control CL (n = 6) were of a similar age to CL from pregnant animals (n = 5), yet without exposure to PGF pulses. Additionally, CL from second month of pregnancy (n = 4) were analyzed to track fate of altered genes after cessation of embryonic interferon tau (IFNT) secretion. The major alteration in gene expression in first month of pregnancy occurred in interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), with immune/interferon signaling pathways enriched in three independent over-representation analyses. Most ISGs decreased during second month of pregnancy, though, surprisingly, some ISGs remained elevated in the second month even after cessation of IFNT secretion. Investigation of luteolytic genes found few altered transcripts, in contrast to previous reports, likely due to removal of controls exposed to PGF pulses. An exception to this trend was decreased expression of transcription factor NR4A1. Beyond luteolytic genes and ISGs, over representation analyses highlighted the prevalence of altered genes within the extracellular matrix and regulation of Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) availability, confirming results of other studies independent of luteolytic genes. These results support the idea that CL maintenance in early pregnancy is related to lack of PGF exposure, although potential roles for CL expression of diverse ISGs and other pathways activated during early pregnancy remain undefined.
In Their Own Words: John E. Burris
Authors: Verdier James M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In Their Own Words chronicles the stories of scientists who have made great contributions to their fields. These short histories provide our readers a way to learn from and share their experiences. We will publish the results of these conversations in the pages of BioScience and on our podcast, BioScience Talks (http://bioscienceaibs.libsyn.com). This history is with John E. Burris, emeritus president of the Burroughs Wellcome Fund. He is also a past president of AIBS.
Note: Both the text and audio versions have been edited for clarity and length.
Sudden violent death: social workers’ strategies for coping with a traumatic event in a Bedouin community
Authors: Allassad Alhuzail Nuzha , Moshe Grodofsky Merav 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis qualitative study used semi-structured interviews to explore challenges and coping strategies of social workers following the traumatic death of eight women from a Bedouin village in southern Israel. The data highlight how religion and indigenous Bedouin knowledge and customs both assisted and impeded the study participants’ strategies. The findings suggest that familiarity with religion and indigenous knowledge and customs may be useful to social workers in helping to manage traumatic events. However, the findings also suggest that religious and cultural values that encourage suppression of emotion may have long-term negative effects on social workers.
The structural connectome and motor recovery after stroke: predicting natural recovery
Authors: Koch Philipp J , Park Chang-Hyun , Girard Gabriel , Beanato Elena , Egger Philip , Evangelista Giorgia Giulia , Lee Jungsoo , Wessel Maximilian J , Morishita Takuya , Koch Giacomo , Thiran Jean-Philippe , Guggisberg Adrian G , Rosso Charlotte , Kim Yun-Hee , Hummel Friedhelm C 
Published: March 2021

AbstractStroke patients vary considerably in terms of outcomes: some patients present ‘natural’ recovery proportional to their initial impairment (fitters), while others do not (non-fitters). Thus, a key challenge in stroke rehabilitation is to identify individual recovery potential to make personalized decisions for neuro-rehabilitation, obviating the ‘one-size-fits-all’ approach. This goal requires (i) the prediction of individual courses of recovery in the acute stage; and (ii) an understanding of underlying neuronal network mechanisms. ‘Natural’ recovery is especially variable in severely impaired patients, underscoring the special clinical importance of prediction for this subgroup. Fractional anisotropy connectomes based on individual tractography of 92 patients were analysed 2 weeks after stroke (TA) and their changes to 3 months after stroke (TC − TA). Motor impairment was assessed using the Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity (FMUE) scale. Support vector machine classifiers were trained to separate patients with natural recovery from patients without natural recovery based on their whole-brain structural connectomes and to define their respective underlying network patterns, focusing on severely impaired patients (FMUE &lt; 20). Prediction accuracies were cross-validated internally, in one independent dataset and generalized in two independent datasets. The initial connectome 2 weeks after stroke was capable of segregating fitters from non-fitters, most importantly among severely impaired patients (TA: accuracy = 0.92, precision = 0.93). Secondary analyses studying recovery-relevant network characteristics based on the selected features revealed (i) relevant differences between networks contributing to recovery at 2 weeks and network changes over time (TC − TA); and (ii) network properties specific to severely impaired patients. Important features included the parietofrontal motor network including the intraparietal sulcus, premotor and primary motor cortices and beyond them also attentional, somatosensory or multimodal areas (e.g. the insula), strongly underscoring the importance of whole-brain connectome analyses for better predicting and understanding recovery from stroke. Computational approaches based on structural connectomes allowed the individual prediction of natural recovery 2 weeks after stroke onset, especially in the difficult to predict group of severely impaired patients, and identified the relevant underlying neuronal networks. This information will permit patients to be stratified into different recovery groups in clinical settings and will pave the way towards personalized precision neurorehabilitative treatment.
Common and Rare Genetic Variants That Could Contribute to Severe Otitis Media in an Australian Aboriginal Population
Authors: Jamieson Sarra E , Fakiola Michaela , Tang Dave , Scaman Elizabeth , Syn Genevieve , Francis Richard W , Coates Harvey L , Anderson Denise , Lassmann Timo , Cordell Heather J , Blackwell Jenefer M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background
Our goal was to identify genetic risk factors for severe otitis media (OM) in Aboriginal Australians.

Methods
Illumina® Omni2.5 BeadChip and imputed data were compared between 21 children with severe OM (multiple episodes chronic suppurative OM and/or perforations or tympanic sclerosis) and 370 individuals without this phenotype, followed by FUnctional Mapping and Annotation (FUMA). Exome data filtered for common (EXaC_all ≥ 0.1) putative deleterious variants influencing protein coding (CADD-scaled scores ≥15] were used to compare 15 severe OM cases with 9 mild cases (single episode of acute OM recorded over ≥3 consecutive years). Rare (ExAC_all ≤ 0.01) such variants were filtered for those present only in severe OM. Enrichr was used to determine enrichment of genes contributing to pathways/processes relevant to OM.

Results
FUMA analysis identified 2 plausible genetic risk loci for severe OM: NR3C1 (Pimputed_1000G = 3.62 × 10−6) encoding the glucocorticoid receptor, and NREP (Pimputed_1000G = 3.67 × 10−6) encoding neuronal regeneration-related protein. Exome analysis showed: (i) association of severe OM with variants influencing protein coding (CADD-scaled ≥ 15) in a gene-set (GRXCR1, CDH23, LRP2, FAT4, ARSA, EYA4) enriched for Mammalian Phenotype Level 4 abnormal hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology and related phenotypes; (ii) rare variants influencing protein coding only seen in severe OM provided gene-sets enriched for “abnormal ear” (LMNA, CDH23, LRP2, MYO7A, FGFR1), integrin interactions, transforming growth factor signaling, and cell projection phenotypes including hair cell stereociliary bundles and cilium assembly.

Conclusions
This study highlights interacting genes and pathways related to cilium structure and function that may contribute to extreme susceptibility to OM in Aboriginal Australian children.
The heart of the ageing endurance athlete: the role of chronic coronary stress
Authors: Parry-Williams Gemma , Gati Sabiha , Sharma Sanjay 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Moderate physical exercise is associated with an irrefutable reduction in cardiac morbidity and mortality. The current guidelines recommend at least 150 min of moderate exercise or 75 min of vigorous exercise per week. Endurance athletes perform exercise at a level that is 10- to 20-fold greater than these recommendations. These athletes reveal several structural and functional cardiac adaptations including increased cardiac size, enhanced ventricular filling, and augmentation of stroke volume even at the highest heart rates. The long-term effects of endurance exercise on the heart are unknown. Endurance exercise is associated with a transient increase in serum concentrations of biomarkers of cardiac damage and ventricular dysfunction which improves within 72 h. Over the past decade, there have been emerging studies reporting attenuated mortality benefit amongst individuals who perform the highest volume of exercise. Studies in lifelong male athletes aged above 40 years old show a higher prevalence of high coronary artery calcium scores (&gt;300 Agatston units), a higher coronary plaque burden, and myocardial fibrosis compatible with subclinical myocardial infarction compared with relatively sedentary healthy controls, raising speculation that lifelong intense exercise imposes chronic coronary stress on the heart. This review article will provide a critical analysis of the existing data.