bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Predictors for Depression among Medical Students during Coronavirus Disease-19 Pandemic: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Esmat Shereen , Attia Abeer , Elhabashi Eman 
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: Since the declaration of the World Health Organization of the coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) as a pandemic, several countries have locked down and quarantined their residents with restrictive procedures to control spread of the disease. Due to pandemic related stressors, concerns and worries have developed regarding negative psychological impact on the mental well-being of the general population, particularly those known to have higher levels of psychological impairment with high vulnerability to mental health diseases such as medical students. AIM: The objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence of self-reported depression and to explore its predictors during the period of Coronavirus Disease 2019 first lock down among medical students. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study design. The study was conducted at Kasr Alainy Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt, in June 2020. A simple random sample was picked of one subgroup of 4th year medical students (No. = 300) at faculty of medicine during the academic year 2019–2020. Self-administered questionnaires including Beck’s Depression Inventory scoring were distributed using Google form through communication social media such as WhatsApp. RESULTS: Out of the 300 participants, 238 responses were received with response rate 79.3%. Results indicated that 38.2% of the respondents were experiencing depression with different degrees with Beck’s Depression Inventory mean scores was 19.4 ± 11.6. Multiple logistic regression analysis point out that gender (odds ratio [OR] = 2.4 and p = 0.022) and “Good” grade level of academic performance (OR = 7.2 and p = 0.045) are significant predictors for developing depression among the participating medical students. CONCLUSION: A significantly high prevalence of depression is detected among medical students during the first wave of the SARS-COV-2 pandemic. The prevalence of depression is more among females than males and more with medical students achieving “Good” grade level.
Feasibility of Risk Reducing Salpingo-Oophorectomy at the Time of Abdominal Surgery for Correction of Pelvic Organ Prolapse and Urinary Incontinence
Authors: Azadi Ali , Bradley James A. , Marchand Greg J. , Lorenz Douglas J. , Doering David , Ostergard Donald R. 
Published: December 2021

Objective:
The objective of this study is to assess the perioperative outcomes when prophylactic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) is performed concomitantly with surgery to repair pelvic organ prolapse (POP) or stress urinary incontinence (SUI).

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective case–control study of patients who underwent abdominal surgery for the correction of POP and/or SUI with or without concomitant BSO at a tertiary care center. The primary outcome measures were postsurgery length of hospitalization, estimated blood loss, and 30-day readmission rate. The secondary outcome measure was detection of ovarian cancer precursor lesions.

Results:
We identified 734 patients who had surgery for POP and/or SUI. The control group contained 385 patients, and the BSO group contained 349 patients. There was no difference between the control and BSO groups in the postsurgery length of stay (LOS) (35.2 h vs. 34.1 h; P = 0.49), and all-cause 30-day readmission rate (14.2% vs. 11.6%; P = 0.3085). However, there was decreased blood loss (40.8 ml vs. 67.2 ml, P < 0.0001) in the BSO group compared to the control group. Sub-analysis of primary outcomes in postmenopausal women (age > 55) showed decreased postsurgery LOS (33.4 h vs. 37.4 h; P = 0.0208) and decreased blood loss (35.9 ml vs. 82.7 ml; P < 0.0001) in the BSO group compared to control.

Conclusion:
Secondary to the lack of additional complications, we recommend surgeons give more consideration to finding appropriate candidates for a risk reducing BSO at time of abdominal surgery to repair POP or SUI.
A comparison of the efficacy of single-dose cefazolin versus single-dose cefazolin plus 7-day mupirocin ointment wound application in preventing surgical site infection among patients undergoing major obstetric and gynecologic procedures at a tertiary university hospital
Authors: Cheng Mary Grace O. , Reyes Lylah D. , Co Jennifer T. 
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND:
Surgical site infection (SSI) is a common complication among all surgical cases. It is the most common nosocomial infection identified in the developing world with pooled incidence of 11.8 per 100 surgical procedures. In our institution, the SSI rate in major obstetric and gynecologic cases in years 2000–2013 is 12.68%.

OBJECTIVE:
To compare the efficacy of a single-dose cefazolin versus a single dose cefazolin plus 7-day mupirocin ointment wound application in preventing SSI among women undergoing major obstetric and gynecologic abdominal surgical procedures.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The study included are 164 female participants, aged 18–65 years old who underwent major obstetric and gynecologic surgical procedures. Participants were randomly assigned to Groups A and B, wherein all participants were given single dose of 2 g cefazolin, intravenous, 30 min before skin incision. For the participants in Group B, an additional 7-day application of mupirocin ointment on incisional wound during the postoperative period was given. Assessment for occurrence of SSI and healing time using a standardized collection tool and Southampton wound scoring system, respectively, was done on the 8th, 15th, and 30th postoperative days.

RESULTS:
The incidence of SSI is 2.45% (4 out of 164 participants). It was slightly higher in the Cefazolin only arm having three cases, while only one case in the Cefazolin plus mupirocin group. However, the difference of SSI occurrence between the two groups is not statistically significant. Wound healing time was also evaluated which was comparable between treatment groups.

CONCLUSION:
Single dose Cefazolin plus 7-day once daily Mupirocin ointment application is comparable to single dose of cefazolin in preventing SSI in patients undergoing major low-risk obstetric and gynecologic surgeries. Therefore, the addition of mupirocin in uncomplicated major obstetric and gynecologic surgical cases is not cost-beneficial.
A cross-sectional survey of dentists' use of digital radiographic techniques in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al Sadhan Ra′ed 
Published: December 2021

Introduction:
Undergraduate oral and maxillofacial radiology curricula are currently undergoing a reform process that is moving toward digital-based radiology that requires dedicated resources to train dental students to the field experience. It is not known if the time is appropriate to totally shift from training students on conventional analog film-based radiology to training them on digital images and the choice of digital system in intraoral and extraoral radiography.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to assess availability and utilization of the digital radiographic techniques by dental clinics in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, using a cross-sectional descriptive, epidemiological survey.

Materials and Methods:
The study included dental departments of nine main governmental hospitals, six dental schools in Riyadh and a representative selected sample of the private dental clinics in Riyadh that included 40 dental clinics. A self-administered e-survey regarding the use of analog or digital radiographic intraoral and extraoral techniques was made. Descriptive statistics are reported in forms of means and range.

Results and Discussion:
For intraoral radiographic examinations, most clinics (90.9%) used digital systems. Solid-state detectors such as charge-coupled device (CCD) and complementary metal oxide semiconductor sensors were the most popular type digital intraoral sensors (94%) and only 13 locations (26%) used digital photostimulable phosphors plates. For panoramic radiography, almost all (98.1%) used digital systems. Again, the solid-state detectors were the most common digital panoramic system (96.4%). Most respondents had a digital information system to store, retrieve, and display digital radiographs (92.7%), whereas only four locations (5.9%) used hard-copy films or paper prints.

Conclusion:
Digital imagining is more common than film-based imaging in intraoral radiography in and panoramic radiography in the different dental care delivery sites in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
A Short Term Follow up for Intracavernosal Injection of Platelet Rich Plasma for the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction
Authors: Wong Shin-Mei , Chiang Bing-Juin , Chen Hui-Chun , Wu Yi-No , Lin Ying-Hung , Liao Chun-Hou 
Published: December 2021

Purpose:
The objective of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of intracavernosal platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection in patients with erectile dysfunction (ED).

Materials and Methods:
Between September 2018 and September 2020, thirty participants with ED were enrolled in this prospective single-arm study. All participants received three sessions of intracavernosal PRP injection. Oral phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors or testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) without a change in dosing was permitted during the treatment period. Efficacy was assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5), Erectile Hardness Score (EHS), Sexual Encounter Profile (SEP) 2 and 3, and Global Assessment Question, every 2 weeks after each treatment session. Any adverse events were recorded.

Results:
The mean age of participants was 54.93 years. Oral PDE5 inhibitors were prescribed to 76.7% of participants (n = 23), and 50% of participants (n = 15) received concurrent TRT. A significant improvement in erectile function was measured by an average of 4.556 points in IIEF-5 (P < 0.001) and 0.72 points in EHS (P < 0.001). In total, 4 (13.3%) and 15 (50%) participants reported “no” to “yes” in SEP2 and SEP3 questions after therapy, respectively. Overall, 82.8% of participants agreed that the study therapy improved erectile function. No significant adverse events were reported.

Conclusion:
This single-arm prospective study revealed that preliminary experience with penile PRP significantly improves erectile function without obvious adverse events.
Comparison of Trimodal Therapy Versus Radical Cystectomy for Each Stage of Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Tseng Wen-Hsin , Huang Steven K. , Liu Chien-Liang , Kuo Jinn-Rung , Hun Shun-Hsing , Chen Chun-Hao , Su Chia-Cheng , Wang Jhih-Cheng , Lee Kau-Han , Hsieh Kun-Lin , Chiu Allen W. 
Published: December 2021

Purpose:
Radical cystectomy (RC) has long been the standard of care for the management of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). However, an increasing trend of bladder-sparing trimodal therapy (TMT) using maximal transurethral resection of bladder tumor, followed by radiation therapy (RT) with concomitant radiosensitizing chemotherapy, has been advocated. We compared the differences regarding long-term oncological outcomes between patients who accepted RC or TMT for MIBC.

Materials and Methods:
Between January 2012 and December 2018, 207 patients were diagnosed with MIBC at our center. We excluded patients with metastasis disease, received other treatments, and lost to follow-up. The patients were categorized into Group 1 (TMT) and Group 2 (RC). Both the groups with each tumor stage were compared for disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates, and the risk factors for recurrence and survival were assessed.

Results:
In total, 58 (48.7%) patients in Group 1 underwent TMT and 61 (51.3%) patients in Group 2 underwent RC. The mean follow-up was 39.8 months. The 3-year DFS rates were 44.1% and 69.7% for Groups 1 and 2, respectively (P = 0.003). The 3-year OS rates were 61.7% and 72.5% for Groups 1 and 2, respectively (P = 0.226). We also analyzed the DFS with each stage, and the results showed a lower DFS rate for T2 and N0 stages.

Conclusion:
There was no significant survival benefit for MIBC with either RC or TMT. However, RC is associated with better outcome of DFS rate, especially for patients with early stages of MIBC in stages T2 and N0.
Spherical coverings and X-raying convex bodies of constant width
Authors: Bondarenko Andriy , Prymak Andriy , Radchenko Danylo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBezdek and Kiss showed that existence of origin-symmetric coverings of unit sphere in
${\mathbb {E}}^n$
by at most
$2^n$
congruent spherical caps with radius not exceeding
$\arccos \sqrt {\frac {n-1}{2n}}$
implies the X-ray conjecture and the illumination conjecture for convex bodies of constant width in
${\mathbb {E}}^n$
, and constructed such coverings for
$4\le n\le 6$
. Here, we give such constructions with fewer than
$2^n$
caps for
$5\le n\le 15$
.For the illumination number of any convex body of constant width in
${\mathbb {E}}^n$
, Schramm proved an upper estimate with exponential growth of order
$(3/2)^{n/2}$
. In particular, that estimate is less than
$3\cdot 2^{n-2}$
for
$n\ge 16$
, confirming the abovementioned conjectures for the class of convex bodies of constant width. Thus, our result settles the outstanding cases
$7\le n\le 15$
.We also show how to calculate the covering radius of a given discrete point set on the sphere efficiently on a computer.
Effect of Mind Mapping as a Learning Tool on Online Learning of Chemistry
Authors: NYAGBLORMASE GEORGE , GYAMPOH ALEXANDER , James Hinson  , AIDOO BENJAMIN , Ernest Yeboah  
Published: December 2021

The advent of the Covid-19 pandemic brought distortions in the academic calendar of nations when educational institutions were closed. As a way of filling the gap created in the trend, tertiary institutions introduced online learning to support students’ learning while at home. There was also the need to introduce alternative learning approaches to students that will help them summarize and represent the lengthy lecture notes and reading materials into meaningful and memorable units. This study looks at the effectiveness of mind maps in promoting this home-based online learning. The participants were seventy-one (71) first-year Bachelor of Education students pursuing a 4-year degree program in Basic Education in Kibi Presbyterian College of Education. One group consists of students pursuing Home Economics as their major and the other primary education. A test and questionnaire were used to collect data. T-test was used to test the significance of the performance of the two groups, and multiple regression was used to find an association between the use of the strategy and students’ performance. The statistical software used for data analysis was IBM’s SPSS version 25. The result shows that the mind map strategy helped learners retain knowledge; however, students’ understanding of concepts was low
BAKTERI PATOGEN DALAM SPONS CUCI PIRING PADA PENJUAL MAKANAN DI PASAR MARGAHAYU, BEKASI TIMUR
Authors: Agustin Yola Violita , Ilsan Noor Andryan , Inggraini Maulin 
Published: December 2021

Pendahuluan: Makanan dan minuman yang tidak memenuhi persyaratan kesehatan jika dikonsumsi akan menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan seperti diare, kolera, disentri, demam tifoid dan keracunan makanan. Menurut data Kemenkes tahun 2017 kasus diare pada tahun 2016 dengan Case Fatality Rate (CFR) mencapai 3.04% dengan 6 orang meninggal dari 198 kasus. Kebersihan peralatan makan merupakan salah satu aspek dalam hygiene dan sanitasi makanan. Proses pencucian peralatan makan yang benar akan berdampak pada hygiene dan sanitasi yang baik. Spons cuci piring umumnya digunakan untuk menghilangkan sisa makanan. Sisa makanan yang terdapat pada spons akan mendukung lingkungan bakteri untuk tumbuh. Spons yang terkontaminasi dapat mengkontaminasi peralatan makan, sehingga menyebabkan penularan penyakit bawaan makanan. Studi kasus di Amerika Serikat menunjukkan bahwa terjadi hampir 38.6 juta kasus penyakit akibat penyebaran penyakit bawaan makanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keberadaan bakteri patogen serta jenis bakteri patogen yang terdapat pada spons cuci piring pada penjual makanan.
Metode: Identifikasi bakteri patogen dilakukan pada 10 spons cuci piring yang digunakan penjual makanan di Pasar Margahayu. Identifikasi bakteri menggunakan pewarnaan Gram dan uji biokimia.
Hasil: Jenis bakteri patogen yang teridentifikasi adalah Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Enterobacter aerogenes, dan Proteus sp. Persentase isolat yang ditemukan adalah 80% spons mengandung S. aureus, 70% mengandung E. aerogenes, 20% mengandung E.coli, 20% mengandung P.aeroginosa, dan 10% mengandung Proteus sp.
Kesimpulan: sampel spons cuci piring yang telah dilakukan pewarnaan Gram dan uji biokimia menunjukkan kecurigaan terhadap koloni berwarna putih transparan adalah Proteus sp. koloni putih transparan bulat kecil adalah Enterobacter aerogenes, putih bulat besar adalah Escherichia coli, putih bulat kecil adalah Pseudomonas aeroginosa, koloni merah pada media SSA adalah Enterobacter aerogenes, dan koloni putih dengan zona kuning adalah Staphylococcus aureus.
PENGGUNAAN M-HEALTH DALAM MELAKUKAN IMPLEMENTASI SKRINING GEJALA DEPRESI IBU HAMIL PADA KUNJUNGAN ANTENATAL CARE (ANC): A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Simamora Elfrida , Rahman La Ode Abdul 
Published: December 2021

Pendahuluan: Depresi merupakan gangguan kesehatan mental yang paling umum yang dapat mempengaruhi wanita selama kehamilan. Pelayanan kesehatan antenatal dengan pendekatan m-health melalui aplikasi telepon pintar dapat memfasilitasi pemantauan perkembangan penyakit dan respon pengobatan, serta membantu memastikan bahwa masalah-masalah penting tidak diabaikan oleh penyedia pelayanan kesehatan terutama terkait gejala depresi pada ibu hamil. Selama periode prenatal ini, ibu hamil membutuhkan pelayanan teratur dan panduan. Diharapkan dengan berkembangnya m-health ini mampu memberikan informasi kesehatan di masa awal kehamilan yang akan meningkatkan kepercayaan diri ibu dan mengurangi kecemasan.
Metode: Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah literature review, yaitu suatu studi yang dilakukan untuk menganalisis literatur-literatur yang telah dipilih dari berbagai sumber hingga menjadi sebuah satu kesimpulan ide baru. Tinjauan literatur awal menghasilkan 15 (lima belas) jurnal. Setelah kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi digunakan 10 (sepuluh) studi memenuhi kriteria yang ditetapkan untuk ulasan ini.
Hasil: Hasil pencarian didapatkan sebanyak 10 jurnal yang dianggap sesuai dan tepat dengan tujuan penelitian kemudian setelah itu dijadikan satu, kemudian dilakukan skrining apakah judul pada jurnal-jurnal tersebut memiliki persamaan atau perbedaannya. Melalui skrining didapatkan 10 jurnal yang memenuhi kriteria yang ditetapkan juga berdasarkan eligibility sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi.
Kesimpulan: Beberapa keuntungan yang didapatkan dalam pendekatan m-health yaitu menawarkan cara yang mudah diakses dan murah untuk mengumpulkan gejala pada pasien dalam waktu nyata, menerima saran untuk mendiskusikan hasil mereka dengan para professional perawatan, serta meningkatkan kualitas tindak lanjut perawatan prenatal terkait depresi perinatal.
KEPADATAN POPULASI TUNGAU DEBU RUMAH PADA KAMAR TIDUR PONDOK PESANTREN X DI KOTA BEKASI
Authors: Anindita Reza , Putri Renita Yuana 
Published: December 2021

Pendahuluan: Tungau debu rumah (TDR) merupakan sumber alergen yang berpotensi menyebabkan alergi pada manusia. Komponen tubuh TDR yang berpotensi menyebabkan alergi pada manusia antara lain kutikula, organ reproduksi, saluran pencernaan dan feses. Adapun persentase TDR yang berpotensi menyebabkan alergi di Asia sebesar 60 %. Mengingat dampak buruk TDR bagi kesehatan khususnya di Indonesia, maka perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai identifikasi dan kepadatan populasi TDR pada salah satu pondok pesantren di kota bekasi. Tujuan Penelitian untuk memberikan informasi mengenai kepadatan populasi TDR pada tempat tidur pondok pesantren di Kota Bekasi.
Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan desain penelitian cross sectional menggunakan teknik sampling total sampling.
Hasil: Identifikasi TDR pada sampel tempat tidur pada pondok pesantren X di Kota Bekasi hanya menunjukkan genus Dermatophagoides sp. dengan rata-rata kepadatan tertinggi sebesar 13,80 tungau/gram debu sedangkan terendah sebesar 4,50 tungau/gram debu.
Kesimpulan: Dari semua sampel debu kamar tidur di pondok pesantren X kota Bekasi hanya ditemukan genus Dermatophagoides sp dengan kepadatan tertinggi sebesar 13,80 tungau/gram debu.
Exploración del estado del arte en dispositivos inhibidores de radio frecuencia
Authors: Suárez Fabio Alberto , Cuevas William Alexander , Gaitán Ruiz Jorge Enrique 
Published: December 2021

Se ha venido realizando diferentes exploraciones en el Centro de Investigación (CEINV) de la Escuela de Comunicaciones Militares (ESCOM) ubicada en la ciudad de Facatativá (Cundinamarca), con el fin de desarrollar el diseño de un inhibidor o ‘jammer’ de drones, por medio de una onda moduladora con forma de señal triangular sumada a un ruido de tipo blanco con el fin, de que tenga las características de jamming de barrido, pues, en el estándar 802.11 es sensible a este tipo de interferencia, el cual es usado para el control de drones.
Cabe destacar, que existen diferentes estrategias de ‘jamming’ dependiendo la necesidad y las condiciones del entorno, donde, se emplearán las que se pueden definir en “jamming” por ruido de banda-ancha, “jamming” por ruido de banda parcial y “jamming” por ruido de banda-angosta, de las cuales, se derivan cuatro tipos de jammer basadas en las estrategias anteriormente mencionadas (Instituto Politécnico Nacional de México, 2001). Por lo tanto, se elegirá el más óptimo para cumplir con el objetivo de poder interrumpir la señal de control de un dron.
Musical Theatre Script and Song Analysis Through the Ages
Authors: Olm James 
Published: December 2021

How many times have you experienced a musical that was fabulous or just didn’t work at all, but you had no idea how to communicate why? How do you differentiate between a flaw in the performance portrayal of a character to a structural flaw in the musical itself? How do you analyse musical theatre songs that are so subjective in its very nature? Is there even a common link of analysis between musicals from the Golden Age and musicals from the present day?
Musical Theatre Script and Song Analysis Through the Ages answers these questions and gives students of musical theatre the tools they need to understand and articulate how musicals work.
At the heart of any musical lie its music and lyrics, yet it is this area that is least understood. This book offers a brand new terminology of analysis that gets to the core of what holds a musical together: the libretto, music, and lyrics. Through identifying methods of lyric and musical analysis and applying these to ten different musicals throughout history, students are able to ask questions such as: why does this song sound this way?; what is this lyric doing to identify character purpose?; and how is a character communicating this feeling to an audience?
From classroom analysis through to practical application, this text guides readers through a structured approach to understanding, disseminating and more importantly, articulating how a musical works. A perfect tool for students of musical theatre, its practical benefits of understanding the form, and realizing that it can be applied to any age musical, will benefit any theatre person in helping articulate all of those abstract feelings that are inherent in this art form. It offers a roadmap to the musical’s innermost DNA.