bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐power, short‐duration atrial fibrillation ablation compared with a conventional approach: Outcomes and reconnection patterns
Authors: Hansom Simon P. , Alqarawi Wael , Birnie David H. , Golian Mehrdad , Nery Pablo B. , Redpath Calum J. , Klein Andres , Green Martin S. , Davis Darryl R. , Sheppard‐Perkins Eva , Ramirez F. Daniel , Nair Girish M. , Sadek Mouhannad M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe effectiveness, safety, and pulmonary vein (PV) reconnection patterns of point‐by‐point high‐power, short‐duration (HPSD) ablation relative to conventional force‐time integral (FTI)‐guided strategies for atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation are unknown.ObjectivesTo compare 1‐year freedom from atrial arrhythmia (AA), complication rates, procedural times, and PV reconnection patterns with HPSD AF AF ablation versus an FTI‐guided low‐power, long‐duration (LPLD) strategy.MethodsWe compared consecutive patients undergoing a first ablation procedure for paroxysmal or persistent AF. The HPSD protocol utilized a power of 50 W and durations of 6–8 s posteriorly and 8–10 s anteriorly. The LPLD protocol was FTI‐guided with a power of ≤25 W posteriorly (FTI ≥ 300g·s) and ≤35 W anteriorly (FTI ≥ 400g·s).ResultsIn total, 214 patients were prospectively included (107 HPSD, 107 LPLD). Freedom from AA at 1 year was achieved in 79% in the HPSD group versus 73% in the LPLD group (p = .339; adjusted hazard ratio with HPSD, 0.67; 95% confidence interval, 0.36–1.23; p < .004 for non‐inferiority). Procedure duration was shorter in the HPSD group (229 ± 60 vs. 309 ± 77 min; p < .005). Patients undergoing repeat ablation had a higher propensity for reconnection at the right PV carina in the HPSD group compared with the LPLD group (14/30 = 46.7% vs. 7/34 = 20.6%; p = .035). There were no differences in complication rates.ConclusionHPSD AF ablation resulted in similar freedom from AAs at 1 year, shorter procedure times, and a similar safety profile when compared with an LPLD ablation strategy. Patients undergoing HPSD ablation required more applications at the right carina to achieve isolation, and had a significantly higher rate of right carinal reconnections at redo procedures.
Lycopene inhibits IL‐1β‐induced inflammation in mouse chondrocytes and mediates murine osteoarthritis
Authors: Zhan Jingdi , Yan Zijian , Kong Xiaojiang , Liu Junling , Lin Zeng , Qi Weihui , Wu Yifan , Lin Jian , Pan Xiaoyun , Xue Xinghe 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic degenerative condition in the elderly, in which inflammation plays a key role in disease pathology. Lycopene (Lye), a member of the carotenoid family, has been reported to have anti‐inflammatory effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Lye on the inflammation of chondrocytes and the mouse OA model. Chondrocytes were treated with interleukin (IL)‐1β, and the mouse OA model was induced by the surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM). The results showed that Lye could inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors and alleviate the degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM). Additionally, Lye could activate the Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway and reverse the activations of NF‐κB and STAT3 signal pathway induced by IL‐1β, suggesting that its anti‐inflammatory effect may be mediated via these pathways. The animal experiments showed that Lye could decrease the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scores of the knee, indicating that it could inhibit the occurrence and development of OA in mouse. Overall, our results indicated that Lye might be used as a novel drug for OA treatment.
Assessment of at‐site design flood estimation methods using an improved event‐based design flood estimation tool
Authors: Gericke Ockert Jacobus 
Published: March 2021

AbstractInternationally, the occurrence and frequency of floods, along with the uncertainty involved in the estimation thereof, contribute to the practitioners' dilemma to make a single, justifiable decision when various design flood estimation methods are used. This article presents the further development of a Design Flood Estimation Tool (DFET) using Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications to assess the performance of event‐based design flood estimation methods in 48 gauged catchments in South Africa. The improved DFET proved to be an easy‐to‐use software tool for the rapid estimation and assessment of at‐site design floods in both gauged and ungauged catchments. In using a ranking‐based selection procedure, the Soil Conservation Service, Alternative Rational and Catchment Parameter methods provided the best estimates of the at‐site probabilistic flood peaks, while the Standard Design Flood method proved to be the least appropriate. Since the accuracy and uncertainty associated with each design flood method's key input parameters are unknown when applied in ungauged catchments, the incorporation of an ensemble event approach as part of the DFET calculation routines, is recommended. This will ensure that the key input parameters from an expected range of values are used to achieve probability neutrality between input rainfall and estimated runoff.
Attachment Development in Adolescent Romantic Relationships: A Conceptual Model
Authors: Jorgensen‐Wells McKell A. , James Spencer L. , Holmes Erin Kramer 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRomantic relationships provide a meaningful context from which individuals can develop attachment security and find fulfillment for their emotional and physical attachment needs. The process for developing attachment security in adolescent romantic relationships is not well documented. A new model is proposed outlining the context and processes wherein adolescent romantic attachment security can develop. The contextual role of one's family of origin, cognitive development, and romantic competency is noted. Within this context, it is hypothesized that the relational processes of physical affection and emotional disclosure interact as direct influences on the development of attachment security. These facets of the conceptual model are outlined in light of the current literature on both attachment and adolescent romantic relationships. It is concluded that adolescent romantic attachment warrants further study, as adolescent romantic relationships have strong implications for future relationships.
Father Involvement During Early Childhood: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Diniz Eva , Brandão Tânia , Monteiro Lígia , Veríssimo Manuela 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDuring recent years, fathers' involvement has been addressed as a key source of family well‐being and positive child development. However, the pathways to father involvement and its consequences for child development are varied, influenced by social, cultural, and ecological variables, and lack a systematic integration. This paper aims to bridge this gap by offering a systematic review of studies examining the psychosocial processes of father involvement during early childhood over the last 10 years. A database search was performed using a combination of relevant keywords, leading to identification of 3,655 articles, with 109 manuscripts assessed for eligibility, and finally 86 included. Most of the studies examine determinants of father involvement, with an emerging number of studies relying on the father's assessment and longitudinal designs. Nevertheless, the focus on White middle‐class families is dominant, leaving unexplored father involvement in other cultures and contexts. The findings are analyzed aiming to open new avenues for future research.
The importance of palpation in the skin cancer screening examination
Authors: Gorman Benjamin G. , Hanson Jennifer , Vidal Nahid Y. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWith the recent unprecedented shift toward contactless healthcare solutions, providers should recall the value that proper palpation adds to dermatologic practice. We present a case that demonstrates the limitations of touchless care and how proper palpation during skin cancer examinations may impact cosmetic outcomes. Our patient is an 86‐year‐old male patient with Sezary syndrome and monoclonal B‐cell lymphocytosis whose squamous cell carcinoma invasion was missed by visual inspection alone. He delayed treatment of his biopsy‐proven squamous cell carcinoma for 15 months. On follow‐up, visual examination only showed a well‐healed biopsy scar, and treatment was delayed another 2 months. Finally, thorough physical examination found perineural invasion. This helped guide the Mohs approach, but due to the delays resulted in a larger final defect and poorer cosmetic outcomes. Proper, deep palpation of skin lesions, especially prior biopsy sites, is imperative to the treatment of skin cancer in cosmetically sensitive areas. Biopsy scars on the face often heal well, and visual only inspection may miss crucial details. This case also reminds dermatologists of the importance of patient education in the prompt treatment of skin cancer for the best cosmetic outcomes.
Lipidomics demonstrates the association of sex hormones with sebum
Authors: Chen Feng , Hu Xueqing , He Yang , Huang Dianchao 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe regulation of sebocytes by hormones has been unanimously certified by scholars. But how sebocytes are affected has not been fully demonstrated by the regulation of multiple hormones.AimsThe regulation effect of sex hormone on sebocytes was further discussed.Patients/MethodsBased on our previous studies, the changes of skin surface liposomes in different sex hormone levels were analyzed by comprehensive statistics.ResultsWe found that androgen can induce sebocytes to synthesis and secrete more fatty acids (FAs) and triglycerides (TGs) through comprehensive analysis of sebum content and composition, which is inhibited by estrogen.ConclusionsWe further confirmed the regulatory effect of hormones on sebocytes from a molecular point of view using lipidomics and found that sex hormones may dominate.
Development and validation of a global photonumeric scale for evaluating skin quality of aged female facial skin
Authors: Eiben‐Nielson Christine , Kerscher Martina 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundSkin quality plays an important role in overall attractiveness. However, so far, no visual grading scales have been published while their development seems to be an essential key step to provide validated grading scales for the evaluation of efficacy of minimally invasive procedures and cosmeceuticals aims on the improvement of skin quality, esthetic research, and clinical application.ObjectivesTo develop and validate a visual five‐point assessment scale for the evaluation of skin quality of female facial skin.MethodsThe five‐point photonumeric Scientific Assessment Scale of Skin Quality is based on six parameters. Fifty standardized photos were rated by 13 experts. This examination was carried out in two cycles with an interval of 4 weeks. The intraclass correlation coefficient contributes to the identification of the inter‐rater and intrarater reliability.ResultsStatistical analysis investigated six specific and two general parameters: The results of inter‐ and intrarater reliability for skin elasticity (ICC 0.816; ICC 0.883), wrinkles (ICC 0.840; 0.885), and age (ICC 0.885; 0.925) were almost perfect. The reliabilities for pigmentation (ICC 0.637; ICC 0.797), erythema (ICC 0.688; ICC 0.797), and overall skin quality (ICC 0.652; ICC 0.756) were substantial and for pore size moderate (ICC 0.405; ICC 0.584). Skin surface roughness (ICC 0.480; ICC 0.645) indicated a substantial intrarater reliability and a moderate interrater reliability. These data revealed good and excellent results.ConclusionsThe Scientific Assessment Scale of Skin Quality represents an innovative universal and reliable measurement instrument for a valid and reproducible evaluation of six parameters of aged female facial skin quality.
Effectiveness and safety of the improved mini‐incision surgery for osmidrosis treatment
Authors: Zhang Pan , Li Dashuai , Li Liqun , Pan Shengsheng 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundAs the mainstream treatment of axillary osmidrosis, surgical treatment is still limited by various complications, such as paresthesia, scars, local infection, hematoma, flap necrosis, and long recovery time. In this study, we tried to adopt the improved mini‐incision surgery for osmidrosis treatment.ObjectivesThe paper aims to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and safety of the improved mini‐incision surgery for axillary osmidrosis treatment.Patients/MethodsClinical series of patients underwent improved mini‐incision surgery were retrospectively reviewed. Dates of complications, including paresthesia, scars, infection, hematoma, skin necrosis, and recurrence were analyzed.ResultsAmong 61 cases, 58 cases had a preoperative osmidrosis score of 3 and 3 cases had a preoperative score of 2; while 13 cases had a postoperative osmidrosis score of 0, 43 cases had a postoperative score of 1 and 5 cases had a postoperative score of 2, significantly lower than that before (p < 0.001). A total of 12 axillae complications occurred, 2 axillae (1.6%) had paresthesia; 5 axillae (4.1%) had hematoma; 2 axillae (1.6%) had local flap necrosis due to hematoma; and 3 axillae (2.4%) had hypertrophic scars.ConclusionsThe results showed that the improved mini‐incision surgery was safe and effective for osmidrosis treatment.
Association between adverse childhood experiences among children with special healthcare needs and dental care utilization
Authors: Wiener R. Constance , Bhandari Ruchi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectivesAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) often have consequences beyond the immediacy of any specific event. The purpose of this study is to identify if ACEs in children with special healthcare needs (CSHCN) are associated with oral problems and dental care utilization.MethodsThe data source for this cross‐sectional, secondary data analysis study was the 2017–2018 National Survey of Children's Health. Children were categorized as CSHCN or children with no special healthcare needs (CNSHCN) who had no, 1, 2, or ≥3 ACEs. Rho‐Scott Chi‐Square tests and bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted.ResultsCSHCN who have had 1, 2, or ≥3 ACEs were significantly more likely to have had an oral problem or dental caries within the previous year as compared with CNSHCN who did not have any ACE. For no dental visits for any reason and no preventive visits, CSHCN at all levels of ACE were not significantly different from CNSHCN and no ACE in adjusted analyses. However, CNSHCN who had ≥3 ACEs were significantly more likely to not have had a preventive dental or any dental visit within the previous year.ConclusionsIn this nationally representative study of children and adolescents in the United States, CSHCN who have had ACE were more likely to have oral health problems within the previous year as compared with CNSHCN who did not have ACE.
Safety of fibrates in cholestatic liver diseases
Authors: Carrion Andres F. , Lindor Keith D. , Levy Cynthia 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackground and aimOff‐label use of fibrates in patients with cholestatic liver diseases results in improved biochemical parameters and pruritus; however, their safety in this population has been a concern. This study summarizes safety data for fibrates when used for treatment of cholestatic liver diseases.MethodsA systematic review of published studies evaluating the use of fibrates for treatment of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) was performed. Electronic databases were searched up to December 2019 for published studies evaluating treatment outcomes associated to fibrates for these 2 diseases.ResultsA total of 37 studies were identified, including 31 for PBC and 6 for PSC, with a total of 1107 unique patients treated with fibrates ± ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA). Most studies evaluated fenofibrate and bezafibrate, and only 1 study evaluated pemafibrate. There were no studies evaluating gemfibrozil or clofibrate. The most commonly reported adverse events (AEs) were gastrointestinal and musculoskeletal. Elevations of aminotransferases and serum creatinine were reported more commonly in patients treated with UDCA plus fibrates versus UDCA monotherapy.ConclusionsFibrates appear to be safe and well tolerated in patients with PBC, with a low frequency of AEs. There are scarce data about the safety of these agents for treatment of PSC.
Sun protection as a protective factor for actinic cheilitis: Cross‐sectional population‐based study
Authors: Lucena Ieda Milani de , Santos Ingrid da Silva , Daroit Natália Batista , Salgueiro Arthur Pias , Cavagni Juliano , Haas Alex Nogueira , Rados Pantelis Varvaki 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether sun protection is associated with lower occurrence of actinic cheilitis in adults living in a city from southern Brazil.Materials and MethodsA multi‐stage proportional sample of 404 individuals 18 years and older was obtained. Interviews and clinical examinations were conducted in participants' households. Four categories of self‐reported use of sun protection were determined. Multivariable Poisson regression was used to assess the associations.ResultsPrevalence of actinic cheilitis was 47.1%. In the first main‐effects multivariable model, AC was significantly associated with sex, age, skin colour and duration of sun exposure, but not with sun protection. However, the association between sun protection and actinic cheilitis was modified by the time of sun exposure. Among those exposed ≥4 hr/day to sun, individuals using physical protection or physical + chemical protection were 33% (prevalence ratio = 0.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.47–0.94, p = .02) and 36% (PR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.47–0.94, p = .02), respectively, less likely to have actinic cheilitis than those who did not use any sun protection, adjusting for sex, age and skin colour.ConclusionsPhysical and chemical sun protection were associated with lower occurrence of actinic cheilitis in individuals with greater exposure to sun.
Periodontitis in Italian patients with established rheumatoid arthritis: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Karapetsa Dimitra , Consensi Arianna , Castagnoli Giulia , Petrini Morena , Tonelli Matteo , Gennai Stefano , Bazzichi Laura , Graziani Filippo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the prevalence and severity of periodontitis (P) among Italian patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Materials and methodsA full‐mouth periodontal examination and a rheumatologic examination were performed. RA disease activity was scored using the DAS28. Serum analyses investigated levels of rheumatoid factor, anti‐citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs), C‐reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and fibrinogen. Information concerning smoking, body mass index and RA medical therapy was collected. Data were analysed by Student's t test, chi‐square test, binary logistic regression and Spearman's rank.ResultsThis cross‐sectional study included 120 subjects, 77 had both diseases while 43 only had RA. The number of teeth present was statistically lower in the RA‐P compared to the RA group (p < .05). There were statistically more subjects seropositive for ACPAs in the RA‐P group (62.3% vs. 32.6%, p < .05). RA‐P patients had an adjusted OR = 2.9 of presenting a moderate‐severe DAS28 score (DAS28 ≥ 3.2).ConclusionsHigher prevalence of severe P was noted among RA subjects. The clinical severity of RA was strongly correlated with the clinical periodontal parameters, and RA subjects also affected by P had an OR of 2.9 for presenting with a moderate‐severe RA (DAS28 score ≥ 3.2).
Spectacle non‐tolerance in clinical practice – a systematic review with meta‐analysis
Authors: Bist Jeewanand , Kaphle Dinesh , Marasini Sanjay , Kandel Himal 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPurposeSpectacle non‐tolerance or adverse events to spectacle wear are serious concerns for both patients and practitioners. Non‐tolerance may contribute to a negative impact on the practitioner’s ability and practice. Therefore, a detailed understanding of frequency and causes of spectacle non‐tolerance in clinical ophthalmic practice is essential. This review aimed to determine the prevalence and causes of non‐tolerance to spectacles prescribed and dispensed in clinical practice.MethodThe current systematic review included quantitative studies published in the English language that reported spectacle non‐tolerance in clinical practice. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus and the Web of Science database for studies published until 13 July 2020. An adapted version of the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale (NOS) modified for cross‐sectional studies was used to assess the quality of each included study. Five investigations with 205,478 study participants were included in the review. The prevalence of spectacle non‐tolerance from individual studies was pooled using MetaXL software. The pooled prevalence of spectacle non‐tolerance was 2.1% (95% CI: 1.6–2.7) ranging from 1.6% to 3.0%. The papers were also reviewed to identify the potential causes of non‐tolerances. Nearly half reported that non‐tolerance (47.4%) was due to an error in refraction. Other causes identified were errors related to communication (16.3%), dispensing (13.5%), non‐adaptation (9.7%), data entry (8.7%), binocular vision (7.4%) and ocular pathology (6.4%).SummaryThis review improves our understanding of spectacle non‐tolerance in clinical practice. This is important because non‐tolerance may lead to spectacle wear discontinuation, which may deprive patients of optimal vision. Increased non‐tolerance in clinical practice may affect a clinician’s reputation and incur additional costs associated with reassessments and replacements. Spectacle non‐tolerance occurred due to a multitude of factors related to optical dispensing and wearer adaptation. Therefore, there is a need for vigilance while prescribing spectacles. The limited evidence highlights the need for more studies, especially in limited‐resource settings, to improve the quality of refractive error services.