bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Музично-хорове товариство «Снятинський Боян» на початку ХХ ст.: становлення і практична діяльність
Authors: Королько Андрій 
Published: June 2021

У статті висвітлено діяльність музично-хорового товариства «Боян» в м. Снятині на початку ХХ ст. Охарактеризовано статут «Снятинського Бояна», показано практичну діяльність культурно-мистецького осередку у досліджуваний період, простежено репертуар концертної діяльності музичного гуртка. Автор відзначає, що «Снятинський Боян» є першою українською професійною музично-хоровою організацією на території краю.
Його члени вели інтенсивну діяльність у сфері музичної освіти, пропаганди української музики, знайомили громадськість міста зі світовими шедеврами музичного мистецтва, залучали до хорового співу широкі верстви населення, проводили різноманітні благодійні заходи, влаштовували ювілейні концерти, присвячені діяльності провідних діячів українського мистецтва й літератури.
Carillon: History and Performing Capabilities of the Musical Instrument, its “Philosophy” and Prospects of Development in Ukrainian Culture
Authors: Dutchak Violetta , Riabchun Iryna 
Published: June 2021

The article focuses on the history of origin, the specifics of sound production, the philosophy of performance of the carillon – a European musical instrument, which in recent decades has become active in Ukraine.
The purpose of the research is to analyze the history of the carillon origin, its design, technical and expressive means of sound extraction and musical representation of composition and performance.
Research methodology. The article uses historical, axiological, musicological and culturological approaches and corresponding methods. The historical-chronological method is used to consider the history of origin, stages of carillon distribution in Europe and the world, axiological – to determine the artistic and psychotherapeutic value of bell (carillon) sound, musicological and culturological methods contribute to various analysis’ aspects of the place and meaning of Ukrainian carillon.
Scientific novelty of research. A historical retrospective of the carillon’s spread has been carried out; generalizations regarding its constructive, melodic-intonation, technical, figurative-artistic properties, in particular, in the Ukrainian sound space, have been introduced into the scientific circulation of Ukrainian musicology.
Conclusions. The history of the creation of stationary and mobile carillons in Ukraine, stages of entering the specified musical instrument into the Ukrainian sound space, the character of the repertoire performed on it, pedagogical and performing aspects of its popularization have been analyzed. The dynamics of the International Festival of Bell and Carillon Art ‘Bells of Yasna Hora Unite Everyone’ is noted. The performance possibilities of the timbre combination of the carillon with other instruments and singing voices are noted. The technical and expressive significance of synthesizing carillon and the ensemble of bandurists has been highlighted and analyzed. Textural variation of ensemble combination of carillon and ensemble of bandurists and possibilities of thematic and genre extension of repertoire has been proposed.
Classical Traditions of the Piano Concerto by Ruslan Agababayev
Authors: Rustamova Parvin 
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the concert for piano and symphony orchestra by the modern Azerbaijani composer R. Agababayev. The article is very relevant from the point of view of identifying ways to implement classical traditions in a modern piano concerto of the 21st century. It must be said that in this issue we have found many such stylistic features that testify to the strong reliance of Azerbaijani composers on classical traditions. This article is devoted to the study of identifying the stylistic features of R. Agababayev’s piano concerto in the context of the historical development of this genre.
Research methodology. The choice of the methodological basis for this study is due to the above goals and tasks that we set ourselves in the framework of this work. Based on the subject matter of the article, the methodological basis of this scientific work is a complex analysis, which implies the interaction of several research methods at different levels. The basis for the analytical analysis of the piano concerto was a theoretical approach, in which such aspects of the work as the problem of form formation, stylistic features of individual elements of the musical language are subject to research.
The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that for the first time as special research work is the study and detailed analysis of R. Agababayev’s piano concerto.
Conclusions. The main conclusion of our scientific research was to determine the stylistic features of the Azerbaijani piano concert created in the 21st century. Based on the data obtained during the analysis, we were able to determine the main trends and ways of development of this genre at the present stage of the development of Azerbaijani academic music.
One of the important, if not decisive, aspect in achieving this kind of goal is to identify issues of preserving and transforming traditions, as well as innovative tendencies in the composer’s solution of a particular work. Single-movement piano concertos have become widespread in academic music since the beginning of the era of romanticism. And in the Azerbaijani one-part piano concerts, connections with romantic traditions are deeply felt. Moreover, in each specific work, these traditions are reflected especially. Since the concert by R. Agababayev demonstrates an interesting and original one-part interpretation, combined with an inner poly-part one, this is a typically romantic tendency associated with the composers’ desire to compress the cycle.
ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНИХ ПІДХОДІВ ДО ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ПРОБЛЕМИ ПІДГОТОВКИ ФАХІВЦІВ З ОХОРОНИ КОРДОНУ В КРАЇНАХ ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОГО СОЮЗУ
Authors: Балендр Андрій 
Published: June 2021

У статті висвітлено результати комплексного аналізу концептуальних підходів до дослідження проблеми підготовки персоналу прикордонних відомств у країнах Європейського Союзу (ЄС) й розгляд можливостей творчого використання інноваційних ідей у сфері охорони державного кордону України. Підготовка фахівців з охорони кордону в країнах ЄС за сучасних умов відбувається за спільними (уніфікованими) стандартами освіти, впровадження яких дозволить підвищити рівень інтероперабельності (оперативної сумісності) українських прикордонників з фахівцями з охорони кордону країн ЄС. Запропонована стратегія наукового пошуку передбачає розробку механізму апроксимації підготовки українських прикордонників на основі дослідження загальноєвропейських освітніх стандартів та особливостей спільної підготовки фахівців з охорони кордону країн ЄС, що сприятиме розробці концепції підготовки персоналу ДПСУ відповідно до загальноєвропейських освітніх тенденцій. До основних підходів, покладених в основу концепції підготовки європейських фахівців з охорони кордону, на загальнонауковому рівні віднесено системний, синергетичний та діяльнісний підходи.
На конкретно-науковому рівні – компетентнісний, студентоцентрований, культурологічний та аксіологічний, які є теоретико-методологічною стратегією дослідження, а також акмеологічний, андрагогічний, праксіологічний та інтегративний підходи, що розкривають практикоорієнтовану тактику дослідження. Як показують результати дослідження, процес підготовки персоналу прикордонних відомств країн ЄС відповідно до вимог уніфікованих освітніх стандартів розглядається як системний, багатовимірний феномен, а поєднання виокремлених методологічних підходів, які виступають методологічною основою до вирішення проблеми підготовки фахівців з охорони кордону в країнах ЄС, дає змогу розкрити її структурні, змістові, процесуальні особливості, визначити її сучасні тенденції та напрями розвитку.
WATER VENDORS PARTICIPATION IN DOMESTIC WATER SUPPLY IN UNGUWA UKU, TARAUNI LOCAL GOVERNMENT, KANO STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Bello Nura Isyaku , Shehu Aminu , Abubakar Ahmad S. , Bello Abdulkadir , Iman Mahmoud Z. 
Published: June 2021

Water vending is seen as a signing of a failure in piped-borne water supply systems, it still plays significant role in providing water especially to urban dwellers in many parts of developing countries, Nigeria inclusive. Therefore, this study examined water vendors participation in domestic water supply in Unguwa Uku, Tarauni LGA Kano state. The data used in this research collected from both primary and secondary sources. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics, where simple percentages and tables used. The data analysis revealed that 57.4% of the residents in the study area patronized the services of water vendors. Patronage of vendor service dominated the frequency with 64.9% of respondent’s patronage of vended water. Seasonal variation in vended water supply patterns exist in the study area, with dry season account for the highest water demand and most supplies occurred during morning and evening hours. Based on the challenges bedevilled water-vending activities, the study recommends that vendors should be recognized as an integral part of the system as this may help in the design and implementation of more comprehensive policies that better serve poor end-users, by ensuring greater accessibility and affordability of water vendor’s service.
PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF TRANSLUCENT SOAP PREPARED USING ALOE VERA GEL AND ZIZIPHUS JUJUBE LEAF EXTRACT AS ANTIMICROBIAL SOURCE
Authors: Shehu Aliyu , Salisu Ahmed , Gwaram Nura S. 
Published: June 2021

In this study, the antimicrobial and physicochemical properties of translucent antimicrobial soap prepared using two medicinal plants, Aloe vera gel and Ziziphus jujube leaf extract was evaluated. The results of the physicochemical analysis showed the pH (7.52±0.02), hardness(1.3 cm±0.02), solubility (0.82 g±0.02) and foamability (6.80 cm±0.03) of the prepared soap and these values were within the acceptable limit set by WHO/SON which make the prepared soap skin-friendly. Similarly, the antimicrobial screening was carried out on selected Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria as well as on fungi species using disc diffusion methods and the results showed varying antimicrobial activity at different concentrations ranging from 62.5-500 mg/ml. However, the susceptibility of test bacteria in terms of the zone of inhibition at 500mg/ml of the soap was observed on Staphylococcus lentus (22 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (20mm), Escherichia coli (15 mm), Raoltella ornithinolytica (12mm). The result of antifungal properties was as follows, Candida albicans (12 mm), Trichophyton rubrum (12 mm), and Aspergillus nigar (10 mm) at 500 mg/ml concentration. The results when compared to other antimicrobial soap in the market indicate good quality by inhibiting the growth of both Gram-positive, gram-negative bacteria and fungi. The antimicrobial activities exhibited by the soap in this study could be attributed to the presence of phytochemical constituents in the plant extracts, which signify the potential of the soap as an antimicrobial agent. Therefore, these findings confirmed the efficacy of Aloe vera gel and Zizipus jujube extract in traditional medicine.
Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance as Pathophysiologic Tool in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Mavrogeni Sophie I. , Bacopoulou Flora , Markousis-Mavrogenis George , Giannakopoulou Aikaterini , Kariki Ourania , Vartela Vasiliki , Kolovou Genovefa , Charmandari Evangelia , Chrousos George 
Published: June 2021

Diabetes mellitus can independently contribute to cardiovascular disease and represents a severe risk factor for premature development of cardiovascular disease. A three-fold higher mortality than the general population has been observed in type 1 diabetes mellitus whereas a two- to four-fold increased probability to develop cardiovascular disease has been observed in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance, a non-radiative modality, is superior to all other modalities in detecting myocardial infarction. The main cardiovascular magnetic resonance sequences used include a) balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) for function evaluation; b) T2-W for oedema detection; c) T1 W for ischemia detection during adenosine stress; and d) late gadolinium enhanced T1-W images (LGE), evaluated 15 min after injection of paramagnetic contrast agent gadolinium, which permit the diagnosis of replacement fibrosis, which appears white in the middle of suppressed, nulled myocardium. Although LGE is the technique of choice for diagnosis of replacement fibrosis, it cannot assess diffuse myocardial fibrosis. The application of T1 mapping (native or pre contrast and post contrast) allows identification of diffuse myocardial fibrosis, which is not detectable my other means. Native T1 and Contrast-enhanced T1 mapping are involved in the extracellular volume fraction (ECV) calculation. Recently, 1H-cardiovascular magnetic resonance spectroscopy has been applied to calculate the amount of myocardial triglycerides, but at the moment it is not part of the routine assessment of diabetes mellitus. The multifaceted nature of cardiovascular magnetic resonance has the great potential of concurrent evaluation of function and myocardial ischemia/fibrosis in the same examination and represents an indispensable tool for accurate diagnosis of cardiovascular disease in diabetes mellitus.
Simulation of the HTR-10 Operation History With the PANGU Code
Authors: She Ding , Chen Fubing , Xia Bing , Shi Lei 
Published: June 2021

The 10 MW High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor-Test Module (HTR-10) is the first High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor (HTGR) in China, which was operated from January 2003 to May 2007. The HTR-10 operation history provides very important data for the validation of HTGR codes. In this paper, the HTR-10 operation history is simulated with the PANGU code, which has been recently developed for HTGR reactor physics analysis and design. Models and parameters are constructed based on the measured data of the actual conditions. The simulation results agree well with the measurements in all steady-state power periods. The discrepancy of keff is generally below 0.5%, and the discrepancy of coolant outlet temperature is generally below 5°C. It is also figured out that the burnup of graphite impurities has considerable influence on the keff at the end of the operation history, which can cause over 1.5% discrepancy when neglecting the burnup of graphite impurities. By this work, the PANGU code’s applicability in actual HTGR fuel cycle simulations is demonstrated.
Abiotic Reduction of Mercury(II) in the Presence of Sulfidic Mineral Suspensions
Authors: Coulibaly Mariame , Mazrui Nashaat M. , Jonsson Sofi , Mason Robert P. 
Published: June 2021

Monomethylmercury (CH3Hg) is a neurotoxic pollutant that biomagnifies in aquatic food webs. In sediments, the production of CH3Hg depends on the bacterial activity of mercury (Hg) methylating bacteria and the amount of bioavailable inorganic divalent mercury (HgII). Biotic and abiotic reduction of HgII to elemental mercury (Hg0) may limit the pool of HgII available for methylation in sediments, and thus the amount of CH3Hg produced. Knowledge about the transformation of HgII is therefore primordial to the understanding of the production of toxic and bioaccumulative CH3Hg. Here, we examined the reduction of HgII by sulfidic minerals (FeS(s) and CdS(s)) in the presence of dissolved iron and dissolved organic matter (DOM) using low, environmentally relevant concentrations of Hg and ratio of HgII:FeS(s). Our results show that the reduction of HgII by Mackinawite (FeS(s)) was lower (&lt;15% of the HgII was reduced after 24 h) than when HgII was reacted with DOM or dissolved iron. We did not observe any formation of Hg0 when HgII was reacted with CdS(s) (experiments done under both acidic and basic conditions for up to four days). While reactions in solution were favorable under the experimental conditions, Hg was rapidly removed from solution by co-precipitation. Thermodynamic calculations suggest that in the presence of FeS(s), reduction of the precipitated HgII is surface catalyzed and likely involves S−II as the electron donor. The lack of reaction with CdS may be due to its stronger M-S bond relative to FeS, and the lower concentrations of sulfide in solution. We conclude that the reaction of Hg with FeS(s) proceeds via a different mechanism from that of Hg with DOM or dissolved iron, and that it is not a major environmental pathway for the formation of Hg0 in anoxic environments.
Effect of Donor and Recipient ABH-Secretor Status on ABO-Incompatible Living Donor Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Zhang Fan , Yin Saifu , Fan Yu , Song Turun , Huang Zhongli , Liang Jiayu , Wu Jiapei , Yang Youmin , Lin Tao , Wang Xianding 
Published: June 2021

IntroductionABO blood group antigens within grafts are continuously exposed to anti-A/B antibodies in the serum of recipients after ABO-incompatible (ABOi) kidney transplantation and are instrumental in antibody-mediated rejection. Some individuals secrete soluble blood group antigens into body fluids. In this study, we investigated the effect of donor and recipient secretor status on the outcomes of ABOi kidney transplantation.MethodsData of a total of 32 patients with ABOi living donor kidney transplantation were retrospectively collected between 2014 and 2020 in West China Hospital. The genotype and phenotype of both donors and recipients were examined and evaluated with post-transplantation anti-A/B titer changes, graft function, and rejection.ResultsOf the 32 recipients and 32 donors, 23 (71.9%) recipients and 27 (84.4%) donors had secretor genotypes, whereas 9 (28.1%) recipients and 5 (15.6%) donors did not. Anti-A/B titers after ABOi kidney transplantation were not significantly influenced by the secretor status of either donors or recipients. The post-transplantation serum creatinine (Scr) levels and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was better in weak- or non-secretor recipients at day 30 (Scr P = 0.047, eGFR P = 0.008), day 90 (Scr P = 0.010, eGFR P = 0.005), and month 9 (eGFR P = 0.008), and recipients from secretor donors had a lower incidence of graft rejection in the first year after ABOi transplantation (P = 0.004).ConclusionsA weak secretor status phenotype was found in both genotypes, i.e., individuals who secreted soluble antigens as well as those who did not. The recipient ABH-secretor status may have an influence on early posttransplant renal function, and the donor ABH-secretor status might affect the incidence of graft rejection.
PD-1 Affects the Immunosuppressive Function of Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Shen Chunyi , Liu Chaojun , Zhang Zhen , Ping Yu , Shao Jingwen , Tian Yonggui , Yu Weina , Qin Guohui , Liu Shasha , Wang Liping , Zhang Yi 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundThere is increasing evidence that group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) play an essential role in allergy and parasitic infection. However, the role of ILC2s in human lung cancer remains unclear.MethodsILC2s from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from healthy donors (HDs) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, and NSCLC tumor tissues were analyzed via multicolor flow cytometry. ILC2s or CD14+ cells were sorted by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. qPCR and flow cytometry were performed to assess the gene and protein expression of the indicated molecules. M1-like and M2-like macrophages were induced from CD14+ monocytes in vitro.ResultsILC2s were significantly more enriched in PBMCs and tumor tissues from NSCLC patients than in HDs. After screening for the main immune checkpoint molecules, we found that PD-1 was upregulated in ILC2s in NSCLC patients. Functionally, PD-1high ILC2s from tumor tissues expressed higher levels of IL-4 and IL-13 regarding both mRNA and protein levels than PD-1low ILC2s. Furthermore, PD-1high ILC2s robustly boosted M2-like macrophage polarization in vitro, by secreting IL-4 and IL-13, while neutralization of IL-4 and IL-13 by antibodies abrogated M2-like macrophage polarization.ConclusionILC2s are enriched in NSCLC patients and upregulate PD-1 expression. Upregulation of PD-1 facilitates the immunosuppressive function of ILC2s. PD-1high ILC2s enhance M2-like macrophage polarization by secreting IL-4 and IL-13. PD-1 acts as a positive regulator of the immunosuppressive function of ILC2s in human NSCLC.
Mast Cells Modulate Antigen-Specific CD8+ T Cell Activation During LCMV Infection
Authors: Hackler Yana , Siebenhaar Frank , Löhning Max , Maurer Marcus , Muñoz Melba 
Published: June 2021

Mast cells (MCs), strategically localized at mucosal surfaces, provide first-line defense against pathogens and shape innate and adaptive immune responses. Recent studies have shown that MCs are involved in pathogenic responses to several viruses including herpes simplex viruses, dengue virus, vaccinia virus and influenza virus. However, the underlying mechanisms of MCs in the activation of CD8+ T cells during viral infections are not fully understood. Therefore, we investigate the role of MCs in the development of virus-specific CD8+ T cell responses using the well-characterized murine lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) model and the transgenic MasTRECK mice that contain the human diphtheria toxin receptor as an inducible MC-deficient model. Here, we report that MCs are essential for the activation and expansion of virus-specific CD8+ T cells. After MC depletion and subsequent intradermal LCMV infection, the CD8+ T cell effector phenotype and antiviral cytokine production were impaired at the peak of infection (day 8 p.i.). Importantly, MC-deficient mice were unable to control the infection and exhibited significantly higher viral loads in the spleen and in the ear draining lymph nodes compared to that of wild type control mice. In the absence of MCs, dendritic cell (DC) activation was impaired upon LCMV infection. In addition, type-I interferon (IFN) levels in the serum and in the spleen of MC-deficient mice were reduced during the first days of infection. Interestingly, depletion of MCs after intradermal LCMV infection did not impair virus-specific CD8+ T cell expansion, activation or antiviral cytokine production. In summary, our results indicate that MCs play a pivotal role in the activation and antiviral functions of CD8+ T cells through proper DC activation. A better understanding of the impact of MCs on CD8+ T cell responses is mandatory to improve antiviral immune responses.