bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing the delivery of cancer pathways: a summary of the literature
Authors: Brice Syaribah Noor , Harper Paul , Crosby Tom , Gartner Daniel , Arruda Edilson , England Tracey , Aspland Emma , Foley Kieran 
Published: April 2021

PurposeThe study aims to summarise the literature on cancer care pathways at the diagnostic and treatment phases. The objectives are to find factors influencing the delivery of cancer care pathways; to highlight any interrelating factors; to find gaps in the literature concerning areas of research; to summarise the strategies and recommendations implemented in the studies.Design/methodology/approachThe study used a qualitative approach and developed a causal loop diagram to summarise the current literature on cancer care pathways, from screening and diagnosis to treatment. A total of 46 papers was finally included in the analysis, which highlights the recurring themes in the literature.FindingsThe study highlights the myriad areas of research applied to cancer care pathways. Factors influencing the delivery of cancer care pathways were classified into different albeit interrelated themes. These include access barriers to care, hospital emergency admissions, fast track diagnostics, delay in diagnosis, waiting time to treatment and strategies to increase system efficiency.Originality/valueAs far as the authors know, this is the first study to present a visual representation of the complex relationship between factors influencing the delivery of cancer care pathways.
Preferences of participating in diabetes screening programs for postpartum women with gestational diabetes mellitus in a university hospital in Turkey
Authors: Karakoc Kumsar Azime , Taskin Yilmaz Feride , Demirel Gulbahtiyar 
Published: April 2021

PurposeThe aim of this study is to determine the preferences to participate in diabetes screening program of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in postpartum period.Design/methodology/approachThe data of retrospective and descriptive study were collected using “Individual Identification Form” and “Information Form for the Screening of Diabetes in the Postpartum Period” from 151 women in referred to obstetrics and gynecology clinic of a university hospital in Turkey.FindingsOnly 21.9% of women had diabetes screening in postpartum period and 21.2% of the participants were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. It was determined that the participants mostly participated in screening because of the diabetes history in their family (30.3%). Women who had diabetes screening in postpartum period had lower level of education than those who did not and their level of knowledge about the screening in postpartum and the history of abortion were higher (p < 0.01).Originality/valueThe rate of participation in the screening for diabetes in the postpartum period is very low in pregnant women diagnosed with GDM. It was determined that the educational status, history of previous abortion and knowledge level of the women were factors that prevented participation in diabetes screening. This research is original because there are inadequacy of studies examining determining the participation status of pregnant women with GDM to diabetes screening in the literature. This study will contribute to health professionals in order to improve preventive factors and increase the participation of pregnant women with GDM in diabetes screening in the postpartum period.
Effect of lactose intolerance severity on food intake and quality of life in adults with lactose intolerance in Turkey
Authors: Garipoğlu Gökçen , Ersoy Nesli , Gülşen Mustafa , Özgürtaş Taner 
Published: April 2021

PurposeLactose intolerance is lactose digestive disorder due to lactase enzyme deficiency. This can affect the quality of life by restricting the intake of certain foods. The aim of this study is to show the lactose intolerance to the restriction in food intake and quality of life.Design/methodology/approachThis study was conducted with adults aged 18–60 years. A survey was used to gather information on the demographic characteristics of the patients and their symptoms related to lactose intolerance. In addition, the Visual Analog Scale was administered to identify common symptoms and the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL)-Bref Quality of Life Scale to determine their quality of life.FindingsThe average quality of life subscale scores was 56.25 ± 14.06 for physical, 58.29 ± 11.72 for mental, 63.28 ± 21.35 for social and 62.36 ± 16.37 for environmental. When VAS scores obtained for the common digestive system symptoms in lactose intolerance were compared with Quality of Life scores; it was found that physical life quality scores decreased (r = −0.239, p = 0.030) as the complaints of diarrhea increased and physical and environmental life quality decreased (r = −0.316, p = 0.004/r = −0.277, p = 0.012, respectively) as abdominal pain increased.Originality/valuePeople reduce dairy consumption due to digestive system complaints. Therefore, it is important to inform the people about the effects of lactose intolerance because discomfort caused by intolerance can affect nutrient intake and lower the quality of life.
Librarians’ utilization of innovative information dissemination tools in reaching out to virtual users
Authors: Mashiyane Dina Mokgadi 
Published: April 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to reflect on innovative tools used by librarians in enhancing information dissemination.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a general review where previous research papers on the phenomenon of the study have been consulted.

Findings
The findings indicate that there are various tools available for use by librarians in reaching out to virtual users as far as information dissemination is concerned.

Originality/value
This paper sheds light on current and future tools for enhancing information dissemination in libraries. This can also be used to initiate further research.
Decentering social innovation: the value of dispersed institutes in higher education
Authors: Lough Benjamin J. 
Published: April 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to illustrate how dispersed institutes of social innovation operating as intermediary actors within higher education institutions (HEIs) may help overcome many of the institutional bureaucracies and structures that inhibit social innovation in higher education.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper reviews core conditions for social innovation, along with the opportunities, challenges and tensions that emerge as HEIs work to apply these conditions in practice. It then describes how dispersed institutes enact principles of decentralization, localization and collaboration in pursuit of social innovation.

Findings
Five main ways that dispersed institutes enable social innovation were identified in this review, including bridging academic–practice divides, enabling co-creation and co-production with users, facilitating experiential and co-curricular education, supporting interdisciplinary collaborations and generating customized and place-based solutions.

Practical implications
Findings suggest four strategies that HEIs can use to support dispersed institutes, including prioritizing social purpose organizations as institutional partners, incentivizing public engagement and collaboration, leveraging their convening power to strengthen global networks among dispersed institutes and using budgeting models that reflect the importance of creating both economic and social value.

Originality/value
Although innovation labs in HEIs have long been a feature of natural sciences and technology services, they are still comparatively new for the social sciences and humanities. This paper addresses a gap in the literature on the value contributed by dispersed institutes of social innovation operating within HEIs such as living labs, makerspaces, incubators and excubators, social innovation parks, cooperation accelerators and technology transfer offices.
Supporting part-time students in doctoral programs: a technology-based situated learning model
Authors: Zhang Shaoan , Carroll Mark , Li Chengcheng , Lin Emily 
Published: April 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to expand the theory of situated learning with the application of technology and provides a technology-based situated learning model with suggestions for doctoral program design.

Design/methodology/approach
A literature review of the relevant topics was conducted. Themes emerged by the systematic review of the relevant studies and theoretical framework.

Findings
Studies reveal that part-time doctoral students often feel unsupported, dissatisfied and disconnected with their program. Many of these issues may be mitigated by faculty and peer mentoring, and various forms of asynchronous communication through a situated learning framework with interactive communication technologies.

Research limitations/implications
Research of doctoral education should pay more attention to part-time doctoral students and investigate the quality of their programs given their individual needs, and how their progression and completion can be achieved through the innovative approaches proposed in this study.

Practical implications
Program designers may use a technology-based situated learning approach in program design to fulfill part-time doctoral students’ needs toward enhancing mentorship, students’ academic self-efficacy and career preparation. Further support is offered through a virtual community of practice.

Social implications
This paper draws researchers’ attention to program design and part-time doctoral students’ retention and completion of a doctoral program.

Originality/value
This study provides an innovative synergetic model that helps administrators and program designers to design doctoral programs and motivates researchers to conduct research regarding part-time doctoral students.
Growth of the acetogenic bacterium Acetobacterium woodii on glycerol and dihydroxyacetone
Authors: Trifunović Dragan , Moon Jimyung , Poehlein Anja , Daniel Rolf , Müller Volker 
Published: April 2021

SummaryMore than 2 million tons of glycerol are produced during industrial processes each year and, therefore, glycerol is an inexpensive feedstock to produce biocommodities by bacterial fermentation. Acetogenic bacteria are interesting production platforms and there have been few reports in the literature on glycerol utilization by this ecophysiologically important group of strictly anaerobic bacteria. Here, we show that the model acetogen Acetobacterium woodii DSM1030 is able to grow on glycerol, but contrary to expectations, only for 2–3 transfers. Transcriptome analysis revealed the expression of the pdu operon encoding a propanediol dehydratase along with genes encoding bacterial microcompartments. Deletion of pduAB led to a stable growth of A. woodii on glycerol, consistent with the hypothesis that the propanediol dehydratase also acts on glycerol leading to a toxic end‐product. Glycerol is oxidized to acetate and the reducing equivalents are reoxidized by reducing CO2 in the Wood–Ljungdahl pathway, leading to an additional acetate. The possible oxidation product of glycerol, dihydroxyacetone (DHA), also served as carbon and energy source for A. woodii and growth was stably maintained on that compound. DHA oxidation was also coupled to CO2 reduction. Based on transcriptome data and enzymatic analysis we present the first metabolic and bioenergetic schemes for glycerol and DHA utilization in A. woodii.
Sub‐lithic photosynthesis in hot desert habitats
Authors: Gwizdala Michal , Lebre Pedro H. , Maggs‐Kölling Gillian , Marais Eugene , Cowan Don A. , Krüger Tjaart P. J. 
Published: April 2021

SummaryIn hyper‐arid soil environments, photosynthetic microorganisms are largely restricted to hypolithic (sub‐lithic) habitats: i.e., on the ventral surfaces of translucent pebbles in desert pavements. Here, we combined fluorometric, spectroscopic, biochemical and metagenomic approaches to investigate in situ the light transmission properties of quartz stones in the Namib Desert, and assess the photosynthetic activity of the underlying hypolithic cyanobacterial biofilms. Quartz pebbles greatly reduced the total photon flux to the ventral surface biofilms and filtered out primarily the short wavelength portion of the solar spectrum. Chlorophylls d and f were not detected in biofilm pigment extracts; however, hypolithic cyanobacterial communities showed some evidence of adaptation to sub‐lithic conditions, including the prevalence of genes encoding Helical Carotenoid Proteins, which are associated with desiccation stress. Under water‐saturated conditions, hypolithic communities showed no evidence of light stress, even when the quartz stones were exposed to full midday sunlight. This initial study creates a foundation for future in‐situ and laboratory exploration of various adaptation mechanisms employed by photosynthetic organisms forming hypolithic microbial communities.
Environmental dissolved DNA harbours meaningful biological information on microbial community structure
Authors: Aldeguer‐Riquelme Borja , Ramos‐Barbero María Dolores , Santos Fernando , Antón Josefa 
Published: April 2021

SummaryExtracellular DNA (eDNA) comprises all the DNA molecules outside cells. This component of microbial ecosystems may serve as a source of nutrients and genetic information. Hypersaline environments harbour one of the highest concentrations of eDNA reported for natural systems, which has been attributed to the physicochemical preservative effect of salts and to high viral abundance. Here, we compared centrifugation and filtration protocols for the extraction of dissolved DNA (dDNA, as opposed to eDNA that also includes DNA from free viral particles) from a solar saltern crystallizer pond (CR30) water sample. The crystallizer dDNA fraction has been characterized, for the first time, and compared with cellular and viral metagenomes from the same location. High‐speed centrifugation affected CR30 dDNA concentration and composition due to cell lysis, highlighting that protocol optimization should be the first step in dDNA studies. Crystallizer dDNA, which accounted for lower concentrations than those previously reported for hypersaline anoxic sediments, had a mixed viral and cellular origin, was enriched in archaeal DNA and had a distinctive taxonomic composition compared to that from the cellular assemblage of the same sample. Bioinformatic analyses indicated that nanohaloarchaeal viruses could be a cause for these differences.
Multiple roots of the populist radical right: Support for the Dutch PVV in cities and the countryside
Authors: HARTEVELD EELCO , VAN DER BRUG WOUTER , DE LANGE SARAH , VAN DER MEER TOM 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPopulist radical right parties are considerably more popular in some areas (neighbourhoods, municipalities, regions) than others. They thrive in some cities, in some smaller towns, and in some rural areas, but they are unsuccessful in other cities, small towns, and rural areas. We seek to explain this regional variation by modelling at the individual level how citizens respond to local conditions. We argue that patterns of populist radical right support can be explained by anxiety in the face of social change. However, how social change manifests itself is different in rural and urban areas, so that variations in populist radical right support are rooted in different kinds of conditions. To analyse the effects of these conditions we use unique geo‐referenced survey data from the Netherlands collected among a nationwide sample of 8,000 Dutch respondents. Our analyses demonstrate that the presence of immigrants (and particularly increases therein) can explain why populist radical right parties are more popular in some urban areas than in others, but that it cannot explain variation across rural areas. In these areas, local marginalization is an important predictor of support for populist radical right parties. Hence, to understand the support for the populist radical right, the heterogeneity of its electorate should be recognized.
Extraction of protein from food waste: An overview of current status and opportunities
Authors: Kamal Hina , Le Cheng Foh , Salter Andrew M. , Ali Asgar 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe chief intent of this review is to explain the different extraction techniques and efficiencies for the recovery of protein from food waste (FW) sources. Although FW is not a new concept, increasing concerns about chronic hunger, nutritional deficiency, food security, and sustainability have intensified attention on alternative and sustainable sources of protein for food and feed. Initiatives to extract and utilize protein from FW on a commercial scale have been undertaken, mainly in the developed countries, but they remain largely underutilized and generally suited for low‐quality products. The current analysis reveals the extraction of protein from FW is a many‐sided (complex) issue, and that identifies for a stronger and extensive integration of diverse extraction perspectives, focusing on nutritional quality, yield, and functionality of the isolated protein as a valued recycled ingredient.
Study on the structure and digestibility of high amylose Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.) starch‐flavonoid prepared by different methods
Authors: Zhou Xiaoli , Wang Shichou , Zhou Yiming 
Published: April 2021

AbstractTartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.) is the only food rich in flavonoid bioactive substances in grains. Studies have shown that flavonoids interaction with amylose has an important impact on the physical and chemical properties and structure of starch. In this study, Tartary buckwheat was used as a raw material. It was then threshed with pullulanase, and a high amylose Tartary buckwheat starch flavonoid complex (HBS/BF) was prepared by physical mixing (PM), water bath treatment (WT), acid–base precipitation (AP), microwave treatment (MT), and ultrasonic treatment (UT); the physical and chemical properties were then evaluated. The results show that HBS/BF‐UT and HBS/BF‐MT have a higher iodine binding rate than HBS/BF‐PM; X‐ray diffraction results show that HBS/BF‐AP has a V‐type crystal form, but the relative crystallinity was reduced. Fourier infrared spectroscopy showed that there is no new covalent bond between Tartary buckwheat starch and flavonoids. In vitro digestion showed that adding flavonoid significantly increased the digestibility of Tartary buckwheat starch.Practical ApplicationThese results will provide a theoretical basis for further starch anti‐digestion mechanisms and the preparation of resistant starch. These steps will provide insights into the application of Tartary buckwheat starch and flavonoids in the food industry.
Improved de novo chromosome‐level genome assembly of the vulnerable walnut tree Juglans mandshurica reveals gene family evolution and possible genome basis of resistance to lesion nematode
Authors: Yan Feng , Xi Rui‐Min , She Rui‐Xue , Chen Peng‐Peng , Yan Yu‐Jie , Yang Ge , Dang Meng , Yue Ming , Pei Dong , Woeste Keith , Zhao Peng 
Published: April 2021

AbstractManchurian walnut (Juglans mandshurica Maxim.) is a synonym of J. cathayensis, a diploid, vulnerable, temperate deciduous tree valued for its wood and nut. It is also valued as a rootstock for Juglans regia because of its reported tolerance of lesion nematode. Reference genomes are available for several Juglans species, our goal was to produce a de novo, chromosome‐level assembly of the J. mandshurica genome. Here, we reported an improved assembly of J. mandshurica with a contig N50 size of 6.49 Mb and a scaffold N50 size of 36.1 Mb. The total genome size was 548 Mb encoding 29,032 protein coding genes which were annotated. The collinearity analysis showed that J. mandshurica and J. regia originated from a common ancestor, with both species undergoing two WGD events. A genomic comparison showed that J. mandshurica was missing 1657 genes found in J. regia, and J. mandshurica includes 2827 genes not found in of the J. regia genome. The J. mandshurica contained 1440 unique paralogues that were highly enriched for flavonoid biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and plant‐pathogen interaction. Four gene families related to disease resistance notable contraction (rapidly evolving; LEA, WAK, PPR, and PR) in J. mandshurica compared to eight species. JmaPR10 and JmaPR8 contained three orthologous gene pairs with J. regia that were highly expressed in root bark. JmaPR10 is a strong candidate gene for lesion nematodes resistance in J. mandshurica. The J. mandshurica genome should be a useful resource for study of the evolution, breeding, and genetic variation in walnuts (Juglans).
Resilience and ongoing quality care for cancer clinical trials during COVID‐19: Experience from a tertiary hospital in Australia
Authors: Ives Amy , Pusztai Tricia , Keller Jacqui , Ahern Elizabeth , Chan Bryan , Gasper Harry , Wyld David , Kennedy Glen , Dickie Graeme , Lwin Zarnie , Roberts Natasha A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic has forced rapid system‐wide changes to be implemented within cancer care at an alarming pace. Clinical trials are a key element of comprehensive cancer care. Ensuring the continuing safe conduct of cancer clinical trials in the context of a pandemic is challenging.MethodsWe aimed to describe the COVID‐19 pandemic response of a Cancer Care Clinical Research Unit (CRU) of a tertiary hospital in Queensland, Australia. We used a mixed methods approach for this case study. Emailed directives from CRU managers to all CRU staff sharing were qualitatively analysed and mapped against our unit activities over longitudinal time points. Data from patient recruitment and protocol deviations were analysed using descriptive statistics.ResultsMapping activity from 11 March to 30 September 2020 revealed rapid change during the first 2 weeks. Four key strategies to accommodate change were identified: supporting patients and families, introduction of telehealth, accessing investigational product, and social distancing. Early in the pandemic we recognised that our core key stakeholders were integral to our response. When compared to the previous 12 months, our recruitment numbers dropped markedly in early phases of the response but recovered over time, as we accommodated internal and external impacts.ConclusionOur experience of agility as a necessity, adapting to support patients, and managing both clinical research activity and sponsors during the height of the pandemic response is presented here in order to inform future disaster response planning by clinical trial organisations.