bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Race, Gender, and the Prison Industrial Complex
Authors: Davis Angela Y. , Shaylor Cassandra 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Despite the transnational growth of the prison industrial complex and the rapid expansion of the carceral state in the United States and beyond, violence against women in prisons has remained largely invisible. Reports from people inside prisons, amplified by activists on the outside and international human rights organizations documenting prison conditions, highlight rampant violations of human rights behind walls. The gendered nature of racism, which fuels the growth of the prison industrial complex, results in experiences of violence, including medical neglect, sexual abuse, lack of reproductive control, loss of parental rights, and the devastating effects of isolation, that manifest in particular ways in women’s prisons. Advocates who are challenging conditions inside increasingly are connecting with activists across the globe and organizing their efforts to resist this violence in concert with a broader resistance to carcerality overall.
On Writing and Return
Authors: Majaj Lisa Suhair 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This article situates the Palestinian right of return within the context of Palestinian-American literary reflections and the intersection of women’s and human rights. Providing a brief history of Palestinian dispossession and the struggle for return, it explores the multiple dimensions of “return” in the context of physical displacement, loss, cultural erasure, and diaspora negotiations of belonging and exile. Identifying return as both a right and as a metaphor, it looks at gendered realities of Palestinian and Palestinian-American experience, critiques the dichotomy of nationalism and feminism, and explores how Palestinian-American literature, emerging from personal and political displacement, narrates a literary claim to both reclamation and transformation, in which to return is to claim what was lost and to construct Palestinian reality anew. Drawing on the words of several Palestinian-American authors and the author’s own experiences, the article voices “return” as a claim to the past and a foundation for the future.
September 11
Authors: Basu Amrita , Giddings Paula , Grewal Inderpal , Visweswaran Kamala 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The links among feminism, race, and transnationalism, which are key to the Meridians project, are also crucial to understanding the events of 9/11 and the war on Afghanistan. Some pieces in this archive provide feminist perspectives on the impact of war and fundamentalism on women’s lives in Afghanistan and Pakistan. Other pieces analyze the ways in which racist representations of Muslim women and of Islam have come to play a key part in colonial and neocolonial “great games” being played in South, West, and Central Asia. Yet others link the U.S.-sponsored war in Afghanistan to the repression of the media and the attacks on civil liberties within the U.S. itself. In constructing an archive of these courageous testimonies, Meridians honors the courage and integrity of women in the United States and around the world who aspire to a better, more just world.
#Caremongering: A community-led social movement to address health and social needs during COVID-19
Authors: Seow Hsien , McMillan Kayla , Civak Margaret , Bainbridge Daryl , van der Wal Alison , Haanstra Christa , Goldhar Jodeme , Winemaker Samantha 
Published: January 2021

Background
To combat social distancing and stay-at-home restrictions due to COVID-19, Canadian communities began a Facebook social media movement, #Caremongering, to support vulnerable individuals in their communities. Little research has examined the spread and use of #Caremongering to address community health and social needs.

Objectives
We examined the rate at which #Caremongering grew across Canada, the main ways the groups were used, and differences in use by membership size and activity.

Methods
We searched Facebook Groups using the term “Caremongering” combined with the names of the largest population centres in every province and territory in Canada. We extracted available Facebook analytics on all the groups found, restricted to public groups that operated in English. We further conducted a content analysis of themes from postings in 30 groups using purposive sampling. Posted content was qualitatively analyzed to determine consistent themes across the groups and between those with smaller and larger member numbers.

Results
The search of Facebook groups across 185 cities yielded 130 unique groups, including groups from all 13 provinces and territories in Canada. Total membership across all groups as of May 4, 2020 was 194,879. The vast majority were formed within days of the global pandemic announcement, two months prior. There were four major themes identified: personal protective equipment, offer, need, and information. Few differences were found between how large and small groups were being used.

Conclusions
The #Caremongering Facebook groups spread across the entire nation in a matter of days, engaging hundreds of thousands of Canadians. Social media appears to be a useful tool for spreading community-led solutions to address health and social needs.
International Trends in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Adenocarcinoma Incidence
Authors: Rumgay Harriet , Arnold Melina , Laversanne Mathieu , Whiteman David C. , Thrift Aaron P. , Wei Wenqiang , Lemmens Valery E. P. P. , Soerjomataram Isabelle 
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCTION:
We aimed to improve our understanding of the epidemiology of squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus.

METHODS:
We estimated average annual percent change and analyzed age-period-cohort trends on population-based cancer data.

RESULTS:
We found decreases in squamous cell carcinoma incidence in half of male populations (largest decrease in US black males [average annual percent change −7.6]) and increases in adenocarcinoma incidence in nearly a third of populations. Trends may be associated with a mix of birth cohort and period effects.

DISCUSSION:
More complete data and evidence are needed to conclude the reasons for the observed trends (see Visual Abstract, Supplementary Digital Content 4, http://links.lww.com/AJG/B823).
Successful Treatment of Refractory Autoimmune Enteropathy With Ustekinumab
Authors: Scheid Johannes F. , Misdraji Joseph , Nath Barbara J. , Yarze Joseph C. 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
Autoimmune enteropathy (AIE) is a rare autoimmune disorder that has been described both in pediatric and adult patients and usually causes intractable watery diarrhea. The management of AIE is not standardized because the disease shows variable response to different immunosuppressive regimens including corticosteroids, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, 6-mercaptopurine, tacrolimus, cyclosporine-A, infliximab, vedolizumab, and abatacept. We present a patient with adult-onset AIE and intractable high-volume diarrhea resulting in numerous hospitalizations and temporary parenteral nutrition, who is now successfully maintained on ustekinumab. Therefore, ustekinumab should be considered for further evaluation as a therapeutic option in cases of refractory AIE.
Cholestatic Hepatitis in Graves' Disease: A Diagnostic Challenge
Authors: Haddaden Metri , Hanna Angy , Odish Fadi , Husami Samir , Imam Zaid , Tahhan Mamon 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
Cholestatic hepatitis is a rare presentation of thyrotoxicosis potentially confused as an adverse effect of antithyroid therapy. We report a 37-year-old man with cholestatic hepatitis as an initial presentation of Graves' disease. Diagnostic evaluation demonstrated (i) elevated transaminases and alkaline phosphatase (R-factor value: 2.6), and marked cholestasis (total bilirubin: 17.3 mg/dL, direct bilirubin: 9.4 mg/dL); (ii) negative hepatitis, viral, and autoimmune serologies; (iii) normal magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography; (iv) liver biopsy with marked cholestasis and no fibrosis; (v) thyroid-stimulating hormone <0.01, fT4 (free thyroxine): 1.5, fT4 (free triiodothyronine): 4.3 and positive thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins. Radioiodine uptake scan confirmed Graves' disease. Clinical resolution was achieved with propranolol, prednisone, methimazole, and thyroidectomy.
Effect of a Best Practice Alert on Birth-Cohort Screening for Hepatitis C Virus
Authors: Khan Mohammad Qasim , Belopolsky Yuliya , Gampa Anuhya , Greenberg Ian , Beig Muhammad Imran , Imas Polina , Sonnenberg Amnon , Fimmel Claus J. 
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCTION:
We assessed the influence of a best practice alert (BPA) embedded within the electronic medical record on improving hepatitis C virus (HCV) birth-cohort screening by primary care physicians (PCPs).

METHODS:
Screening by 155 PCPs was monitored during 2 consecutive 9-month periods before and after implementation of the BPA. All tests were reviewed to differentiate true screening from other testing indications.

RESULTS:
Of 155 PCPs, 131 placed screening orders before and after BPA. Twenty-two PCPs started testing after BPA (P = 0.02). The number of tests placed and screening rates per PCP increased from 16 to 84 and from 3.3% to 13.2%, respectively (P < 0.0001). Before BPA, most PCPs rarely ordered screening HCV tests, whereas a small group of physicians generated most tests, indicative of an underlying power-law distribution. After the BPA, a new group of high-performing PCPs emerged, whose screening patterns were again characterized by a power-law distribution. However, pre-BPA test rates of individual PCPs were not predictive of their post-BPA rates. Overall, the introduction of the BPA narrowed the gap between low- and high-performing testers, indicating that modest increases in testing by a large number of low-performing PCPs could drive substantial improvement in program implementation.

DISCUSSION:
HCV birth-cohort screening by PCPs was shaped by an underlying power-law distribution. This distribution was preserved after the implementation of a BPA, although pre-BPA test rates were not predictive of post-BPA rates. Increases in test rates by high- and low-performing PCPs both contributed to the overall success of the BPA.
Szkoła na miarę czasów… tylko których? – o reformie szkolnictwa z 2017 roku
Authors: Błaszczyk Katarzyna 
Published: January 2021

Artykuł poświęcony jest analizie reformy szkolnictwa z 2017 roku pod kątem jej przystawalności do potrzeb współczesnego ucznia. W celu nakreślenia trudności, z jakimi zmaga się sektor edukacji, wykorzystano raport z ostatniej edycji badania PISA oraz wyniki własnej próby badawczej. Przytoczone dane prezentują spojrzenie uczniów na funkcjonowanie ich szkół oraz podstawę programową z języka polskiego. Tekst zawiera również zestawienie charakterystycznych elementów poprzednich reform (przede wszystkim reformy Jędrzejewiczowskiej). Przegląd ten umożliwia ocenę poziomu nowatorstwa ostatnich zmian oraz zasadności powielania wcześniejszych rozwiązań, a analiza obecnej podstawy programowej staje się punktem wyjścia do nakreślenia bieżącego kierunku polityki oświatowej. To w dalszej kolejności pozwala oszacować, jak bardzo propozycje reformatorów są w stanie zahamować aktualne problemy, w jakim stopniu zaś mogą stać się źródłem kolejnych.
First report of Cystoseira aurantia Kützing from the Mediterranean coast of Morocco
Authors: Ramdani Mohamed , Oufekkir Moulay Brahim , El Asri Ouahid , El Khiati Najat , Ramdani Mohammed , Denis Françoise , Flower Roger J. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Algal diversity in aquatic environments can help assess the health status of ecosystems, provide information about invasions of new species and inform species diversity changes according to environmental conditions. An algal diversity survey (2016–19) of Nador Lagoon (northern Morocco) revealed the presence for the first time of the brown alga Cystoseira aurantia. Since 2015 this alga has been found in high abundance in the northwestern part of the lagoon, mainly around Attalayoun and Nador City. The thalli of larger specimens reached 60 cm in length, and all plants present were free-floating. The species was collected from the water surface to depths not exceeding 2 cm. Floating patches were usually found suspended above sandy and muddy substrates. Increased abundance of this species in the lagoon corresponds with new physico-chemical conditions and ecological parameters, principally resulting from increased water ventilation and improved water quality since 2012. The new communities of C. aurantia may offer a novel resource for the lagoon but high abundance could pose future threats to attached vegetation such as seagrasses and benthic algae by shading and the accumulation of organic detritus. Attention is drawn to taxonomic issues involving C. aurantia.
Evaluation of the 0 h/1 h high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T algorithm in diagnosis of non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) in Han population
Authors: Dongxu Chen , Yannan Zhou , Yilin Yang , Chenling Yao , Guorong Gu , Kouqiong Wang , Wei Guo , Dongwei Shi , Zhenju Song , Chaoyang Tong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Objectives
A rapid 0 h/1 h algorithm using high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) for rule-out and rule-in of non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) is recommended by the European Society of Cardiology. We aim to prospectively evaluate the diagnostic performance of the algorithm in Chinese Han patients with suspected NSTEMI.

Methods
In this prospective diagnostic cohort study, 577 patients presenting to the emergency department with suspected NSTEMI and recent (<12 h) onset of symptoms were enrolled. The levels of serum hs-cTnT were measured on admission, 1 h later and 4–14 h later. All patients underwent the initial clinical assessment and were triaged into three groups (rule-out, rule-in and observe) according to the 0 h/1 h algorithm. The major cardiovascular events (MACE) were evaluated at the 7-day and 30-day follow-ups.

Results
Among 577 enrolled patients, NSTEMI was the final diagnosis for 106 (18.4%) patients. Based on the hs-cTnT 0 h/1 h algorithm, 148 patients (25.6%) were classified as rule-out, 278 patients (48.2%) as rule-in and 151 patients (26.2%) were assigned to the observe group. The rule-out approach resulted in a sensitivity of 100% and negative predictive value of 100%. The rule-in approach resulted in a specificity of 62.9% [95% CI (58.5–67.2%)] and positive predictive value of 37.1% [95%CI (31.3–42.8%)]. No MACE was observed in the rule-out group within 30-day follow-up.

Conclusions
The hs-cTnT 0 h/1 h algorithm is a safe tool for early rule-out of NSTEMI, while probably not an effective strategy for accurate rule-in of NSTEMI in Chinese Han population.
Subgroups of elliptic elements of the Cremona group
Authors: Urech Christian 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The Cremona group is the group of birational transformations of the complex projective plane. In this paper we classify its subgroups that consist only of elliptic elements using elementary model theory. This yields in particular a description of the structure of torsion subgroups. As an application, we prove the Tits alternative for arbitrary subgroups of the Cremona group, generalizing a result of Cantat. We also describe solvable subgroups of the Cremona group and their derived length, refining results from Déserti.
Recombinant human hyaluronidase PH20-mediated dermal spreading activity in mice is not altered by steroids, antihistamines, or salicylic acid
Authors: Cowell Jessica A. , Printz Marie A. , Thompson Curtis B. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Drug–drug interaction studies for hyaluronidase safety assessments have evaluated only animal-derived enzyme preparations. We therefore set out to evaluate whether high-dose administration of two antihistamines, a potent corticosteroid, steroid hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), or salicylic acid would alter the dispersive activity of recombinant human hyaluronidase PH20 (rHuPH20).

Methods
NCr nu/nu mice were pretreated with diphenhydramine, cetirizine, dexamethasone, estrogen, ACTH, salicylic acid, and/or neutral-buffered saline (NBS). An hour following final pretreatment, dosed mice were anesthetized with ketamine/xylazine and placed in an imaging chamber. A 120 mg/mL immunoglobulin G (IgG) solution with 0.3 μg/mL IgGDL755 (labeled IgG) was injected intradermally, with/without 2,000 U/mL rHuPH20. Fluorescent images of labeled IgG dispersion were acquired ≤20 min post injection.

Results
Dispersion of high-concentration labeled IgG combined with rHuPH20 was greater at all time points vs. antibody alone. At 20 min post injection (last time point), the antibody dispersion area was significantly increased with rHuPH20 vs. without rHuPH20 (p≤0.005). The relative percent increase in antibody dispersion with rHuPH20 ranged from 22.8‒106.6% over the 20-min time course, compared with the corresponding non-rHuPH20 treated groups. The area of labeled IgG dispersion was statistically similar between rHuPH20 groups pretreated with an active compound and their paired NBS pretreated controls.

Conclusions
The addition of 2,000 U/mL rHuPH20 to a high-concentration antibody solution reproducibly incre-ased local antibody dispersion. Systemic pretreatment with diphenhydramine, cetirizine, dexamethasone, estrogen, ACTH, or salicylic acid did not affect the enzymatic spreading activity of rHuPH20, as measured by intradermal dispersion of labeled IgG in mice.
Spinal and cerebral hematoma in systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome: is drug interaction the culprit?
Authors: Duran Emine , Bilgin Emre , Bölek Ertuğrul Çağrı , Fırat Oğuzhan , Bulut Elif , Kalyoncu Umut , Kiraz Sedat , Karadağ Ömer 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Thrombotic events are common in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Warfarin is the most commonly used anticoagulant drug for thrombosis treatment, but it is can interact with many drugs, foods, or medicinal herbs. Herein, we presented a case with SLE and APS who was complicated by spinal and cerebral hematoma as a result of warfarin interaction.

Case presentation
Spinal subdural hematoma and frontal intraparenchymal hematoma were occurred in our patient, who was in remission for 2 years with rituximab, hydroxychloroquine and warfarin. We learned that she had been using some herbal products (shepherd’s purse and horsetail) and phenyramidol for a few days. Spinal and cerebral hematomas caused by the interaction of phenyramidol and warfarin were treated with fresh frozen plasma and vitamin K without the need for surgery.

Conclusions
The drug interactions with warfarin can cause fatal hemorrhagic or thrombotic events. Especially, the patients with SLE and/or APS using warfarin should be warned not to use different medications or herbal agents.
The effect of Nigella sativa on oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Malekian Sanaz , Ghassab-Abdollahi Nafiseh , Mirghafourvand Mojgan , Farshbaf-Khalili Azizeh 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The present systematic review of literature was conducted to study the effect of Nigella sativa (N.S) on oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers.

Content
Different online databases such as Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, Web of Sciences, EMBASE, and Clininaltrial.gov for English articles and national databases of SID, Magiran, Irandoc, and Iranmedex for Persian articles, which were published until March; 2019 were scrutinized. All Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies that aimed to compare the impact of N.S along, with placebo or without supplementation, on inflammatory factors and oxidative stress were entered in the present study.

Summary
Finally, 11 RCTs covering 710 women and men, in total, were participated in the present meta-analysis. Significant differences were observed in Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α) (Weighted Mean Difference (WMD) =−2.15 pg/mL, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) =−3.22–−1.09, I2=32%; 5 trials with 262 participants) superoxide dismutase (WMD=63.79 µ/gHb, 95% CI=6.84–120.75, I2=0%; 2 trials, with 88 participants), and total antioxidant capacity (WMD=0.34 mmol/L, 95% CI=0.04 to 0.63, I2=94%; 5 trials with 232 participants). Nevertheless, there was no significant difference in high sensitivity C-reactive protein (WMD=−0.98 mg/L, 95% CI=−1.98–0.03, I2=78%; 5 trials with 267 participants), Interleukin 6 (IL-6) (WMD=−0.25 pg/mL, 95% CI=−0.65 to 0.16, I2=0%; 2 trials with 134 participants), and malondialdehyde (WMD=−0.95 nmol/mL, 95% CI=−1.97–0.08, I2=68%; 4 trials with 179 participants).

Outlook
Generally speaking, N.S probably results in the improvement of superoxide dismutase serum levels, TNF-α, and total antioxidant capacity. Thus, further studies are required to fully assess its impacts on all oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers.
Acute and sub-acute toxicity assessment of aqueous leaves extract of Crassocephalum crepidioides (Asteraceae) in Wistar rats
Authors: Nguemfo Edwige Laure , Mbock Armel Junior , Zangueu Bogning Calvin , Magne Fongang Annie Laure , Belle Ebanda Kedi Philippe , Dongmo Alain Bertrand 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Several studies establish the therapeutic properties of various plants which are sometimes a source of minerals, vitamins and phytochemical compounds. However, many studies evoked potential toxic of some. In Cameroon, Crassocephalum crepidioides (C.c) is used in folk medicine to treat several diseases, but there are not much informations about its toxicity. This study evaluate its acute and sub-acute toxicity.

Methods
Our study was undertaken to evaluate acute and sub-acute toxicity of aqueous leaves extract of C.c. The study was conducted using the OECD guidelines about oral toxicity’s study. For acute toxicity, rats were administrated single oral dose of 5,000 mg/kg body weight (b.w) and monitored for death and weight impairment during seven days. In sub-acute toxicity, experimental rats received daily doses of 250,500 and 1,000 mg/kg b.w during 28 consecutive days. The toxics effects of the extract were assessed using anthropometric, haematological, biochemical parameters as well as histology of vital body’s organs (liver, kidneys, lungs and spleen).

Results
lethal dose 50 (LD50) was find to be greater than 5,000 mg/kg b.w in rats. In sub-acute toxicity, we observed significant increase of body weight, food and water consumption with the maximums of 15.14, 24.52 and 28.86% respectively at 1,000 mg/kg b.w. There was no significant change in haematological parameters. However, we observed significant change in biochemical parameters. Furthermore, structural disorders were noticed in liver and kidneys of animals treated with C.c.

Conclusion
Data obtained suggesting that C.c extract could be safe in single administration, but with toxic effects in repeated treatment.