bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of ileal pouch–anal anastomosis in patients with ulcerative colitis from 2009 to 2018
Authors: Kröner Paul T. , Merchea Amit , Colibaseanu Dorin , Picco Michael F. , Farraye Francis A. , Stocchi Luca 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimThe existing literature was updated, assessing the use of surgery in patients with ulcerative colitis in more recent years.MethodsThis was a retrospective observational study identifying all patients with ulcerative colitis within the National Inpatient Sample, years 2009–2018. All patients with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth and Tenth Revisions, Clinical Modification diagnostic codes for ulcerative colitis were included. The primary outcome was the trend in total number of total abdominal colectomy, proctocolectomy and simultaneous versus delayed pouch construction.ResultsA total of 1 184 711 ulcerative‐colitis‐related admissions were identified. An increase of 18.6% in the number of patients was observed, while the number of surgeries decreased. A total of 40 499 patients underwent total colectomy, annually decreasing from 5241 to 3185. The number of proctocolectomies without pouch decreased from 1191 to 530, while the number of patients undergoing pouch construction decreased from 2225 to 1284. The proportion of patients undergoing initial pouch at time of proctocolectomy decreased from 995 (45%) to 265 (21%), while the proportion of patients undergoing delayed pouch construction in 2018 was 79% (n = 1120).ConclusionSurgery use in ulcerative colitis has decreased in the last decade despite increasing numbers of hospital admissions in patients with this condition. While the overall proportion of patients undergoing pouch construction remained stable, the majority of patients were initially treated with total colectomy and their ileal pouches werre constructed in a delayed fashion.
Graft‐versus‐host disease‐associated angiomatosis with striking lipomatous metaplasia
Authors: Llamas‐Velasco Mar , Muñoz‐Aceituno Ester , Sánchez‐Pérez Javier , Camarero‐Mulas Celia , Fraga Javier , Aragüés Maximiliano 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSclerodermatous graft‐versus‐host disease (GvHD) is one of the many clinicopathological variants of chronic GvHD. One of the rarest forms of this variant is GvHD‐associated angiomatosis (GvHD‐AA). We describe the case of a 62‐year‐old male with sclerodermatous GvHD who presented, in consecutive years, two different lesions that showed characteristics of GvHD‐AA. The first lesion fitted perfectly with the previously known features of this rare entity. However, the second lesion was more interesting, as the angiomatoid lesion was surrounded by newly appeared adipocytes, something not previously described. The appearance of this peculiar adipose tissue may be explained as related to an important dermal atrophy, as a concomitant appearance of a lipomatous nevus and GvHD‐AA, or, finally, as mature adipose tissue related to a previous inflammatory process, that is, lipomatous metaplasia. Both lesions were diagnosed as GvHD‐AA, and the second one was considered to be associated with dermal lipomatous metaplasia. We also considered whether hypoxia could be related to both lesions. In the present report, we review previously published cases of GvHD‐AA and discuss the different hypotheses that could explain the appearance of metaplasia associated with the second lesion.
An integrated youth mental health service in a densely populated metropolitan area in Japan: Clinical case management bridges the gap between mental health and illness services
Authors: Uchino Takashi , Kotsuji Yumi , Kitano Tomoji , Shiozawa Takuma , Iida Satomi , Aoki Akiko , Iwai Momoko , Shirahata Masanori , Seki Akihiko , Mizuno Masafumi , Tanaka Kuniaki , Nemoto Takahiro 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimsA global movement, including in Asia, is seeking to establish integrated youth mental health services that provide early intervention in the continuum from mental health to mental illness. Clinical case management (CCM), in which a case manager becomes not only a coordinator of services but also a provider of psychosocial support, can establish a ‘one‐stop network’ that supports youth in densely populated areas with various social resources. In 2019, we opened a community‐based centre called ‘SODA’ in front of a metropolitan railway station, which was designed to be highly accessible, stigma‐free and youth‐friendly to provide CCM. We aimed to clarify its services and effectiveness of CCM.MethodsData from 105 youths were investigated in a case‐controlled study, dividing them into two groups: those who had received CCM for 6 months, and those whose needs were met in fewer sessions.ResultsTwenty‐one subjects who received CCM for 6 months had difficulties in more domains than the others. The mean of the total service minutes for the subjects who received CCM for 6 months was 491.3 min: psychological support (accounted for 24.8% of the time), support for community living (31.2%), work support (13.8%), family support (10.5%) and support for cooperation with other organizations (19.8%). Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) score improved significantly, from 46.6 at baseline to 59.3 at 6 months.ConclusionEven in metropolitan areas with numerous medical facilities, young people can face high barriers to access. CCM can be effective as an early intervention for subjects developing mental illness.
A comprehensive view of functional impairment in children and adolescents with obsessive–compulsive disorder adds value
Authors: du Plessis Lara J. , Lochner Christine , Louw Derine , Hendricks Gaironeesa , Bowles Steven , Fischer Mareli , Stein Dan J. , Thomas Kevin G. F. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimThis study aimed to contribute to the paucity of literature on disability in youth with OCD, particularly in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs).MethodsIn South Africa (a LMIC), data was collected from 26 children and adolescents with OCD (12 girls, 14 boys; age range 6–18 years), and their parents, on an outpatient basis. Clinical measures aimed at assessing functional impairment due to OCD were administered.ResultsKey findings were 1) that children with OCD reported being most significantly affected by their OC symptomatology within the school domain whereas parents placed emphasis on the impairment within the social domain; 2) scores on the Child Obsessive–Compulsive Impact Scale – Revised and the Children's Global Assessment Scale, were consistent, and 3) clinician‐rated symptom severity was positively associated with parental reports on children's impairment due to OCD. Findings show similarities with data from similar studies in a high‐income country (HIC) context.ConclusionsChildren with OCD and their parents do not necessarily agree on the ways in which OCD impacts their lives. A comprehensive view of functional impairment in children with OCD, that is, from the viewpoints of the patient, parents, and clinicians, is critical when treatment is planned. Such information may assist with selection of relevant treatment targets, and ultimately improve the quality of life of all affected.
Peritoneal bile acids concentration in adult horses with hepatic and gastrointestinal disorders
Authors: Rodríguez‐Pozo Maria L. , Armengou Lara , Viu Judit , Ríos Jose , Jose‐Cunilleras Eduard 
Published: November 2021

SummaryBackgroundPeritoneal bile acids concentration (PBAC) has not been previously reported in horses. A case of liver lobe torsion in which increased PBAC was detected prompted us to study PBAC in horses.Objectives(a) To determine a reference range of PBAC in horses; (b) to compare PBAC from horses with either hepatic or gastrointestinal disease and healthy horses and (c) to assess the prognostic and diagnostic values of PBAC.Study designProspective case‐control.MethodsProspective observational clinical study. Bile acids concentrations were measured in both plasma and peritoneal fluid in selected clinical patients with hepatic or gastrointestinal disease (n = 108) and healthy horses (n = 11). Sixty‐eight of 108 patients survived to hospital discharge, and the remaining 40 were nonsurvivors. Additionally, other haematological and biochemistry analyses were performed.ResultsSick horses were classified according to diagnosis into hepatic (n = 13), gastrointestinal (GI) obstructive (n = 48) and GI ischaemic‐inflammatory (n = 47) groups. The hepatic group had significantly higher PBAC (6.8 [2.3‐9.4]; median [IQR]) than the control (1.0 [0.6‐1.5]) and GI obstructive groups (1.2 [0.8‐1.7] µmol/L;P < .001). Moreover, the GI ischaemic‐inflammatory group (3.3 [1.4‐5.5]) also had significantly higher values than the control and GI obstructive groups (P < .001). Regarding outcome, the nonsurvivor group (n = 40) had significantly higher median PBAC value than the survivor group (n = 68, 4.1 [1.6‐6.5] vs 1.3 [0.8‐3];P < .001).Main limitationsA higher number of horses with abdominal disease is required to confirm the clinical significance of these findings.ConclusionsPBAC may have a role in the diagnosis of hepatic and gastrointestinal disease and as a prognostic tool in horses with abdominal pain.
Developing critical thinking skills in Russian language studies: Online learning tools in Chinese universities
Authors: Hongwei Zhou 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe article aims to determine the role of critical thinking skills in learning Russian at Chinese universities and to consider this aspect when organizing an online learning environment for students. The research involved 600 students and 50 teachers from the Russian language and math faculties. The analysis of Chinese students' Russian language learning allowed the conclusion that there is a possible relationship between language competence and critical thinking skills. At the same time, the study did not identify any educational standards that included critical thinking as a skill in the educational process. The study showed that the Chinese education system needs to align educational standards with fundamental concepts of critical thinking and move away from a random use of individual theories tools. Future research might concentrate on testing the hypothesis about the close relationship between critical thinking and success in learning Russian as an L2 using various statistical methods (for instance, Student's t test or Kruskal–Wallis test).
The perspectives of survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma on lung cancer screening: A qualitative study
Authors: Broadbent Rachel , Gorman Louise , Armitage Christopher J. , Radford John , Linton Kim 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundHodgkin lymphoma survivors (HLS) are at excess risk of lung cancer as a consequence of HL treatment. HLS without a heavy smoking history are currently unable to access lung cancer screening (LCS) programmes aimed at ever smokers, and there is an unmet need to develop a targeted LCS programme. In this study we prospectively explored HLS perspectives on a future LCS programme, including motivating factors and potential barriers to participation, with the aim of identifying ways to optimise uptake in a future programme.MethodsSemistructured telephone interviews were conducted with HLS, aged 18–80 and lymphoma‐free for ≥5 years, selected from a clinical database (ADAPT). Participants provided informed consent. Data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis.ResultsDespite awareness of other late effects, most participants were unaware of their excess risk of lung cancer. Most were willing to participate in a future LCS programme, citing the potential curability of early‐stage lung cancer and reassurance as motivating factors, whilst prior experience of healthcare was a facilitator. Whilst the screening test (a low dose CT scan) was considered acceptable, radiation risk was a concern for some and travel and time off work were potential barriers to participation.ConclusionsOur results suggest that most HLS would participate in a future LCS programme, motivated by perceived benefits. Their feedback identified a need to develop educational materials addressing lung cancer risk and concerns about screening, including radiation risk. Such materials could be provided upon an invitation to LCS. Uptake in a future programme may be further optimized by offering flexible screening appointments close to home.
A critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study dentinal microcracks
Authors: Versiani Marco Aurélio , Cavalcante Daniele Moreira , Belladonna Felipe Gonçalves , Silva Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal , Souza Erick Miranda , De‐Deus Gustavo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this narrative review was to discuss the scientific milestones that led to the current understanding of the root dentinal microcrack phenomenon based on the interplay between the usage of micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT) as an analytical tool alongside a close‐to‐mouth experimental model. In 2009, reports on the development of dentinal microcracks in extracted teeth after root canal preparation triggered an awareness of the potential for vertical root fractures (VRFs) of endodontically treated teeth could be developed from defects created by the mechanical stress of nickel‐titanium preparation systems on dentine. This assumption was taken for granted, even though no cause–effect relationship had been scientifically demonstrated. Since then, several studies using the sectioning method with extracted teeth have been published and the large discrepancy amongst their outcomes soon become evident. Moreover, the high frequency of reported dentinal microcracks largely contrasted with the clinical incidence of VRFs, raising doubts on their methodological reliability. Using micro‐CT technology, it was demonstrated by several studies that, in extracted teeth, dentinal defects already existed before the endodontic procedures, indicating that the initial reports framed a non‐existing cause–effect relationship between canal preparation and dentinal microcracks. Although these new findings contributed to a better comprehension of this phenomenon, the misconception that microcracks were the starting point for VRFs was only surpassed with a new in situ approach using fresh cadavers. Surprisingly, microcracks were not identified in sound teeth. As a conclusion, dentinal microcracks in extracted teeth can be considered a non‐natural occurrence observed only in a laboratory set‐up as a consequence of dehydration and storage conditions. Thus, dentinal microcracks shall not be considered as the starting point for VRFs as they do not manifest in non‐extracted teeth. Identifying dentinal microcracks as a laboratory phenomenon highlights the impact of recent scientific developments to disclaim the clinical relevance of laboratory‐obtained outcomes.
Gas sources in chemical leavening and other baker’s yeast substitutes: lessons from patents and science
Authors: Gélinas Pierre 
Published: November 2021

SummaryBaker’s yeast produces carbon dioxide during dough fermentation, which gives bakery foods with expanded volume. This review covers gas sources other than baker’s yeast according to information disclosed in patents and supported by scientific literature. Inventors had more interest in gas injection in dough, mainly carbon dioxide, than gas‐releasing agents available in chemical leavening, so‐called baking powder, with 58 and 43 patented inventions, respectively. For chemical leavening, 20 gas‐releasing agents were proposed, including 11 patented and 9 non‐patented agents like sodium bicarbonate, the most popular. Other gas‐releasing agents included miscellaneous salts of carbonate and bicarbonate (ammonium; calcium; magnesium; potassium) as well as compounds like hydrogen peroxide and, more recently, glutamic acid. Coatings were patented to protect sodium bicarbonate towards moisture and delay its action in dough. Recent trends include aerosol dough and flavourful sodium‐free gas‐releasing agents.
Mapping and quantification of cryptochrome expression in the brain of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum
Authors: Barberà Miquel , Collantes‐Alegre Jorge Mariano , Martínez‐Torres David 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAphids are paradigmatic photoperiodic animals often used to study the role of the circadian clock in the seasonal response. Previously, we described some elements of the circadian clock core (genes period and timeless) and output (melatonin, AANATs and PTTH) that could have a role in the regulation of the aphid seasonal response. More recently, we identified two opsins (C‐ops and SWO4) as candidate input photoperiodic receptors. In the present report, we focus on the study of cryptochromes (cry) as photoreceptors of the circadian clock and discuss their involvement in the seasonal response. We analyse the expression of cry1 and cry2 genes in a circadian and seasonal context, and map their expression sites in the brain. We observe a robust rhythmic expression of cry2 peaking at dusk in phase with core clock genes period and timeless, while cry1 shows a weaker rhythm. Changes in cry1 and cry2 expression correlate with activation of the seasonal response, suggesting a possible link. Finally, we map the expression of cry1 and cry2 genes to clock neurons in the pars lateralis, a region essential for the photoperiodic response. Our results support a role for cry as elements of the aphid circadian clock and suggest a role in photoreception for cry1 and in clock repression for cry2.
Mission and Christian Unity
Authors: Keramidas Dimitrios 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOrthodox missiology became interested in the issue of Christian unity in the 1960s, as Orthodoxy came to be involved more actively in the ecumenical movement, with the support of a new generation of theologians (such as Anastasios Yannoulatos, Nikos Nissiotis, Alexander Schmemann, and Ion Bria) who shared the deep concern of envisaging the universal dimension of evangelism. Drawing from new missionary tendencies (the missio Dei) and against the background of the Orthodox tradition – especially the Johannine literature, the eucharist, and trinitarian theology – the Orthodox stressed that the proclamation of the gospel concerns equally the non‐Christians, as a call to communion with God, and the non‐Orthodox, as a call to the consolidation of this communion primarily among Christians. In this case, the mission becomes a living witness of the church to the world, with the purpose to bring the world into unity with God. Thanks to this perception, “unity as mission” has entered into the very centre of ecclesial action. These ideas can also be found in official Orthodox statements, from the 1990s to the Holy and Great Council of 2016, which largely embraced these new demands, although they also point out the limits of this “common Christian witness” and the danger of proselytism. In any case, common Christian witness seems to belong to the future of the ecumenical and global missionary movement.
The Gospel of Reconciliation and the Promise of a New Identity
Authors: Kääriäinen Jukka A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractReconciliation is a fundamentally theological reality grounded in the being, work, and aims of the triune God. In light of this, how ought the reconciling ministry of Jesus inform and shape the ministry of reconciliation (2 Cor. 5:17‐21) to which Christians are called? In this article, I argue that a sufficiently robust gospel of reconciliation has dynamic, identity‐shaping power, informing a rewarding mission and ministry of reconciliation. My classical theological approach will use “promise” to interrelate gospel, reconciliation, and identity, situating reconciliation within the overarching biblical narrative plot. In doing so, I will distinguish my proposal from a progressive Christian “alter‐globalism” approach, identifying and constructively critiquing the latter’s shortcomings. These include truncating the reconciliation and the flourishing life to an immanent vision, reducing reconciliation to concepts and tasks of justice work, insufficiently connecting reconciliation to its larger soteriological framework, and failing to use the gospel for identity formation.
General inclusive victimhood predicts willingness to engage in intergroup contact: Findings from Bosnia‐Herzegovina and the Basque Country
Authors: Rupar Mirjana , Bobowik Magdalena , Arnoso Maitane , Arnoso Ainara , Vollhardt Johanna Ray 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe investigated the relationship between general inclusive victimhood (i.e., perceived similarity between the ingroups’ and other victim groups’ experiences of collective victimization) and willingness to engage in direct, intimate (e.g., intimate relationships) and distant (e.g., neighbors) contact with the adversary group in the aftermath of collective violence. We tested this link across two post‐conflict contexts: Bosnia‐Herzegovina (N = 147 students) and the Basque Country (N = 351 adults). We found that general inclusive victimhood was linked to greater willingness to engage in distant intergroup contact in two contexts (e.g., having an outgroup member as a neighbor), but only predicted more intimate forms of intergroup contact (e.g., having a former adversary member as a romantic partner) in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The link between general inclusive victimhood and both types of contact was sequentially mediated by conflict‐specific inclusive victimhood and trust in Bosnia‐Herzegovina and Basque Country, and via conflict‐specific inclusive victimhood and empathy in the Basque Country. Theoretical and practical implications for reconciliation in the aftermath of ethnic conflict are discussed.
Beliefs in government benevolence can promote individuals' compliance with government‐issued guidelines: The role of positive affect and general construal level
Authors: Belkin Liuba Y. , Kong Dejun Tony 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAs the U.S. and the world continues to grapple with the health and economic damages caused by the COVID‐19 pandemic, it is vital to understand the correlates of individuals' compliance with the U.S. CDC's (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) guidelines for this pandemic to aid the country's recovery from this crisis and shed light on risk mitigation in future crises. The present research examines why some individuals complied with the CDC's COVID‐19 guidelines to a greater extent than others during the first wave of the pandemic in the U.S. We propose the model grounded in the beliefs‐affect‐engagement framework and integrate research on benevolence and construal level theory to provide an explanation. In a two‐wave survey study conducted in March–April 2020, we found that the beliefs in the U.S. federal government's benevolence held by individuals with high general construal levels were positively related to the extent to which they complied with the CDC's COVID‐19 guidelines, in part due to their positive affect; however, among individuals with low general construal levels, their beliefs in the U.S. federal government's benevolence were not predictive of their compliance. Based on our findings, we discuss theoretical implications and practical insights about facilitative factors for public compliance with government‐issued guidelines during crises.