bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reaching for Returns in Retail Structured Investment
Authors: Sonsino Doron , Lahav Yaron , Roth Yefim 
Published: April 2021

The growing market for retail structured investment products and empirical evidence for excessive pricing of such products raise the hypothesis that private investors show increased risk appetite in structured investment contexts. A two-stage framed field experiment building on cumulative prospect theory is designed to test this hypothesis. Subjects’ expectations regarding the future performance of an underlying index are elicited first. A bisection algorithm is then applied to derive the certainty equivalents of 20 simple individually tailored deposits. The results support the increased risk appetite hypothesis, revealing that subjects reach for substantial gains and underweight tail loss events when evaluating the deposits. Similar results emerge in a follow-up experiment where the uncertain deposits are replaced by risky versions. While previous studies propose that misperception of complex terms and optimism contribute to the mispricing of structured instruments, the current experiments show that nonstandard risk appetite manifests in the valuation of simple well-defined products, controlling for expectations. This paper was accepted by Manel Baucells, decision analysis.
Compact integrator design for short-distance sharp and unconventional geometric irradiance tailoring
Authors: Liu Yue , Cheng Dewen , Hou Qichao , Chen Hailong , Feng Zexin , Yang Tong , Wang Yongtian 
Published: April 2021

A compact microlens array (MLA) integral homogenizer composed of a projection MLA, a condenser MLA, and a subimage array mask based on Kohler illumination is presented herein. By adopting the optimal design of an aspheric projection sublens, a short-distance integrator for unconventional geometric irradiance tailoring can be acquired. Compared with the traditional integrator, the integral lens is removed in the proposed integrator. An incident beam with a larger divergence angle is permitted while a sharp illumination performance is maintained. In addition, the illumination distribution with a predefined geometrical profile can be obtained by introducing a subimage array mask without replacing the MLA elements. Through the introduced mask, the illumination attenuation area is cut, the distortion is caused by the large NA, and the peak effect caused by the integral lens of the traditional integrator can be eliminated. The subimage array mask is generated by combining ray tracing and the radial basis function image warping method. By introducing the array mask into the system, an 80% edge relative illumination and an 85% overall illumination uniformity are realized for a compact large-NA integrator with

N
A

=

0.3

and thickness of 4.5 mm. An 88% edge relative illumination and a 92% overall illumination uniformity are realized for a small-NA integrator with

N
A

=

0.15

.
High prevalence of intestinal parasite infestations among stunted and control children aged 2 to 5 years old in two neighborhoods of Antananarivo, Madagascar
Authors: Habib Azimdine , Andrianonimiadana Lova , Rakotondrainipiana Maheninasy , Andriantsalama Prisca , Randriamparany Ravaka , Randremanana Rindra Vatosoa , Rakotoarison Rado , Vigan-Womas Inès , Rafalimanantsoa Armand , Vonaesch Pascale , Sansonetti Philippe J. , Collard Jean-Marc ,   the Afribiota Investigators
Published: April 2021

BackgroundThis study aimed to compare the prevalence of intestinal parasite infestations (IPIs) in stunted children, compared to control children, in Ankasina and Andranomanalina Isotry (two disadvantaged neighborhoods of Antananarivo, Madagascar), to characterize associated risk factors and to compare IPI detection by real-time PCR and standard microscopy techniques.Methodology/Principal findingsFecal samples were collected from a total of 410 children (171 stunted and 239 control) aged 2–5 years. A single stool sample per subject was examined by simple merthiolate-iodine-formaldehyde (MIF), Kato-Katz smear and real-time PCR techniques. A total of 96.3% of the children were infested with at least one intestinal parasite. The most prevalent parasites wereGiardia intestinalis(79.5%),Ascaris lumbricoides(68.3%) andTrichuris trichiura(68.0%). For all parasites studied, real-time PCR showed higher detection rates compared to microscopy (G.intestinalis[77.6% (n = 318) versus 20.9% (n = 86)],Entamoeba histolytica[15.8% (n = 65) versus 1.9% (n = 8)] andA.lumbricoides[64.1% (n = 263) versus 50.7% (n = 208)]). Among the different variables assessed in the study, age of 4 to 5 years (AOR = 4.61; 95% CI, (1.35–15.77)) and primary and secondary educational level of the mother (AOR = 12.59; 95% CI, (2.76–57.47); AOR = 9.17; 95% CI, (2.12–39.71), respectively) were significantly associated with IPIs. Children drinking untreated water was associated with infestation withG.intestinalis(AOR = 1.85; 95% CI, (1.1–3.09)) andE.histolytica(AOR = 1.9; 95% CI, (1.07–3.38)).E.histolyticawas also associated with moderately stunted children (AOR = 0.37; 95% CI, 0.2–0.71). Similarly, children aged between 4 and 5 years (AOR = 3.2; 95% CI (2.04–5.01)) and living on noncemented soil types (AOR = 1.85; 95% CI, (1.18–2.09)) were associated withT.trichiurainfestation.Conclusions/SignificanceThe prevalence of IPIs is substantial in the studied areas in both stunted and control children, despite the large-scale drug administration of antiparasitic drugs in the country. This high prevalence of IPIs warrants further investigation. Improved health education, environmental sanitation and quality of water sources should be provided.
Prevalence and associated factors of hemorrhoids among adult patients visiting the surgical outpatient department in the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Kibret Anteneh Ayelign , Oumer Mohammed , Moges Abebe Muche 
Published: April 2021

Introduction
Hemorrhoidal disease is a very common benign anorectal disease. It affects millions of people around the world, and represent a major medical and socioeconomic problem. However, studies that determine the magnitude and risk factors are limited. Therefore, the aim this study is to assess the prevalence and associated factors of hemorrhoid among adult patients visiting the surgical outpatient department at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (UoGCSH) Northwest Ethiopia.

Methods
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February to May 2020. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select a total of 403 participants. The data were collected then entered using EPI DATA version 3.1 and exported to the STATA 14 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis were performed. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval was used as a measure of association. Variables having P-value < 0.05 from the multivariable analysis were considered to have a significant association with the outcome.

Result
Out of the 403 study participants, 13.1% (95%CI; 10.1, 16.8) had hemorrhoids. Constipation (AOR = 4.32, 95% CI; 2.20, 8.48) and BMI ≥25kg/m2 (AOR = 2.6, 95% CI; 1.08, 6.23) had a statistically significant association with hemorrhoid.

Conclusion
The overall prevalence of hemorrhoid was high and its prevalence was higher in male subjects. Constipation and being overweight were found to increase the odds of having hemorrhoids. Screening for early identification and intervention of hemorrhoids, especially for risk groups is better to be practiced by health professionals.
Effects of combined decision-support and performance-based incentives on reported client satisfaction with maternal health services in primary facilities: A quasi-experimental study in the Upper East Region of Ghana
Authors: Aninanya Gifty Apiung , Otupiri Easmon , Howard Natasha 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundComputerized decision-support systems (CDSS) and performance-based incentives (PBIs) have potential to contribute to client satisfaction with health services. However, rigorous evidence is lacking on the effectiveness of these strategies in lower-income countries such as Ghana. This study aimed to determine the effect of a combined CDSS-PBI intervention on client satisfaction with maternal health services in primary facilities in the Upper East Region of Ghana.MethodsWe employed a quasi-experimental controlled baseline and endline design to assess the effect of the combined interventions on client satisfaction with maternal health services, measured by quantitative pre/post-test client satisfaction survey. Our analysis used difference-in-difference logistic regression, controlling for potential covariates, to compare variables across intervention and comparison facilities at baseline and endline.ResultsThe combined CDSS-PBI intervention was associated with increased or unchanged client satisfaction with all maternal health services compared at endline. Antenatal client difference-in-difference of mean satisfaction scores were significant at endline for intervention (n = 378) and comparison (n = 362) healthcare facilities for overall satisfaction (DiD 0.058, p = 0.014), perception of providers’ technical performance (DiD = 0.142; p = 0.006), client-provider interaction (DiD = 0.152; p = 0.001), and provider availability (DiD = 0.173; p = 0.001). Delivery client difference-in-difference of satisfaction scores were significant at endline for intervention (n = 318) and comparison (n = 240) healthcare facilities for overall satisfaction with delivery services (DiD = 0.072; p = 0.02) and client-provider interaction (DiD = 0.146; p = 0.02). However, mean overall satisfaction actually reduced slightly in intervention facilities, while DiD for technical performance and provider availability were not significant.ConclusionThis combined CDSS-PBI intervention was associated with greater antenatal and delivery client satisfaction with some aspects of maternity services within two years of implementation. It could be expanded elsewhere if funds allow, though further research is still required to assess cost-effectiveness and long-term effects on client satisfaction and maternal health outcomes.
Cornea donation process and tissue quality for transplantation
Authors: Pereira Cruz Giovanna Karinny , Ferreira Júnior Marcos Antonio , Pereira Frota Oleci , Ferraz Teston Elen , Pereira Santos Viviane Euzébia , Fortes Vitor Allyne , Penza Cardoso Mayk , Rodrigues Leocates de Moraes Fábio Rogério 
Published: April 2021

IntroductionThe quality of the corneal tissue can be influenced by several factors inherent to the recipient, donor, and to the donation and transplantation process. The donated corneal tissue can be classified by its quality as excellent, good, regular, bad, or unacceptable for transplantation, evaluating it in a slit lamp.ObjectiveTo analyze the relationship between the clinical and sociodemographic variables of the donors and the donation process and the classification of the quality of the corneal tissue collected for transplantation.MethodsThis is an epidemiologic study, retrospective cohort type, which addressed the process of cornea donation by the Human Eye Tissue Bank in a reference service in Northeast Brazil. The sample consisted of corneas processed by the Human Eye Tissue Bank of Rio Grande do Norte (n = 419). For descriptive and inferential analysis, the study used theStatistical Package for the Social Sciences(SPSS) software, version 25.0, and considered a significance level of 0.05. Logistic regression analysis was used for the adjustment of the final model.ResultsIt was verified that the epidemiological profile showed a prevalence of individuals with a mean age of 42.54 years old, male (73.99%), and living in the metropolitan region of the state capital (75.66%). When analyzing the relationship between the clinical and sociodemographic variables of the donors, it was identified that those aged 45 years old or less had better quality corneas (excellent and good), while the chronological variables were predictive factors for corneas of regular and bad qualities.ConclusionThe identification of the factors inherent to the donation process and predictors of corneal tissue quality contribute to minimizing the risk of transplantation and to a better ocular prognosis.
A matriz do comportamento do político populista
Authors: Bronze Ana Paula da Costa , Ribeiro Vasco 
Published: April 2021

Depois de um levantamento bibliográfico sobre as diferentes definições e tipologías do populismo político (Wieviorka, 1993; Eco, 2006; Engesser et al, 2018; Judis, 2017; entre outros) procurou-se criar uma matriz de comportamento do populista, com especial enfoque para as três áreas clássicas da ideologia política: esquerda, centro e direita. Criada esta matriz, comparamos e aplicamos ao comportamento de Jair Bolsonaro, a partir de uma análise ao discurso que este realizou na Assembleia Geral da ONU, no dia 24 de Setembro de 2019, e conseguimos criar uma matriz de comportamento populista do Presidente do Brasil. Julgamos que este estudo, para além de confirmar a tipología de populismo de Bolsonaro, pode ajudar o cidadão a prever as 21 características narrativas este político recorre para tentar moldar a opinião pública brasileira.
Preterm human milk composition and dietary intake of breastfeeding mothers in the Indonesian population
Authors: Marsubrin Putri Maharani Tristanita , Rohsiswatmo Rinawati , Sjarif Damayanti R. 
Published: April 2021

Background Human milk consumption is a protective factor against infection. However, the high variability of human milk composition makes it difficult for clinicians and researchers to assess the adequacy of nutritional intake.
Objective To identify the nutritional profiles and composition of premature human milk and dietary intake of breastfeeding mother.
Methods Human milk specimens were collected from mothers who gave birth to very premature and/or very low birth weight infants. Infants had been admitted to the Neonatology Unit of Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta. The milk specimens were analyzed with a mid-infrared milk analyzerTM (MIRIS) for four weeks, and maternal dietary macronutrient intake was determined with food record questionnaires on food consumption frequency and food recall.
Results Significant changes in nutritional composition of human milk were observed, with the fat concentration and calories increasing with time, and protein concentration decreasing with time. There were no significant differences observed in carbohydrate concentration of milk over the four weeks (P=0.447). Maternal intake of protein, carbohydrates, fat and calories was lower than the recommended values for breastfeeding women.
Conclusion The macronutrient (protein and fat) and energy contents of human milk change weekly. Dietary intake of breastfeeding women are lower than recommended values.
Postpartum lactation counseling and exclusive breastfeeding: analysis of the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Yuniarini Warantika Rikma , Herini Elisabeth Siti , Wahab Abdul 
Published: April 2021

Background The percentage of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia on 2018 dropped from 39.8% in infants aged 0 monthsto 15.3% in infants aged 5 months. According to the 2018 Indonesian Basic Health Research Survey (Riskesdas), an average of 37.3% of infants were exclusively breastfed until the age of 6 months. This rate is far from the target of 80% by Ministry of Health of Indonesia.
Objective To assess for an association between postpartum counseling and the practice of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia.
Methods This retrospective cohort study used data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS). The sample comprised 258 infants aged 6 months. Postpartum counseling and other variables were analyzed for possible associations with exclusive breastfeeding by Chi-square test; risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Logistic regression test was used to analyze for adjusted odds ratios.
Results In 6 months period, the percentage of subjects who received postpartum counseling was 59.7% and who exclusively breastfed was 18.8%. There was no significant association between postpartum lactation counseling and exclusive breastfeeding. However, there were significant associations between exclusive breastfeeding and not using currently as well as maternal residence in rural areas.
Conclusion Postpartum counseling on breastfeeding lacks a significant association with exclusive breastfeeding practice at 6 months of age. Therefore, the Ministry of Healthshould reevaluate the implementation of its counseling services.
Troponin-I and left ventricular function in pediatric high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia after daunorubicin treatment
Authors: Annur Rinche , Hariyant Didiko , Izzah Amirah Zatil 
Published: April 2021

Background Daunorubicin is a chemotherapy drug for leukemia treatment, but it can cause cardiotoxicity. When heart damage occurs, myocardial sarcomeres release troponin-I, which could potentially be useful as a cardiotoxicity biomarker.
Objective To assess for possible correlations between troponin-I and echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular function after administration of daunorubicin in children with high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
Methods This cross-sectional study on 37 children with high-risk ALL was performed from July 2017 to December 2018, in Padang, West Sumatera. The left ventricular systolic function parameters measured were ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS); the left ventricular diastolic function parameter was E/A ratio. Troponin-I measurements and echocardiography were performed after daunorubicin treatment at the end of induction phase chemotherapy. Pearson’s correlation test was used to analyze for a correlation between troponin-I and echocardiographic parameters.
Results Subjects had a mean age of 6.27 (SD 4.43) years, and males comprised 56.8%. Subjects’ mean troponin-I concentration was 5.49 (SD 0.86) ng/mL, and mean EF, FS, and E/A values were 65 (SD 5) %, 36 (SD 4) %, and 1.52 (SD 0.56), respectively. Troponin-I was not significantly correlated with EF (r=0.062; P=0.715) or FS (r=0.309; P=0.172). However, there was a weak, significant negative correlation between troponin-I and E/A ratio (r=-0.383; P=0.019).
Conclusion Troponin-I level has no significant correlations with the echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular systolic function. However, there is a weak significant negative correlation between troponin-I level and the left ventricular diastolic parameter of E/A ratio.
Modifying the PELOD-2 score to predict mortality in critically ill patients
Authors: Melda Melda , Triasih Rina , Nurnaningsih Nurnaningsih 
Published: April 2021

Background The PELOD-2 score, which has been widely used to predict multiple organ dysfunction, may be used to predict mortality. Nevertheless, blood gas analyses (BGA) and lactate measurements required for the PELOD-2 cannot be performed in most limited resource settings.
Objective To evaluate the performance of modified PELOD-2, without BGA and lactate, to predict mortality in critically ill children.
Methods This retrospective cohort study in critically ill children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, was undertaken from January to December 2018. The modifications to the PELOD-2 score were PELOD-2A (without BGA), PELOD-2B (without lactate), and PELOD-2C (without BGA and lactate). The modified PELOD-2 scores were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for discrimination, and Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test for calibration.
Results Of 130 subjects, 68 (52.3%) died. A PELOD-2 score cut-off of 6.5 and modified PELOD-2A, 2B, and 2C had sensitivities for predicting mortality of 73.5%, 67.7%, 70.6%, and 63.2%, respectively, and specificities of 75.8%, 77.4%, 77.4%, and 79%, respectively. The area under curve (AUC) of the PELOD-2 score was 78.3 (95%CI 70.5 to 86.2). The AUCs of the modified PELOD-2 scores ranged from 76.8 (95%CI 68.7 to 84.9) to 77.9 (95% CI 69.9 to 85.8). The positive predictive values of PELOD-2 and modified PELOD-2A, 2B, 2C were 76.9%, 76.7%, 77.4% and 76.8%, respectively. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test showed good calibration for PELOD-2 (x2=8.74; P=0.27) and modified PELOD-2A (x2=4.91; P=0.67).
Conclusion The PELOD-2A, modified without BGA, can still predict mortality well in critically ill PICU patients when using a cut-off score ≥ 6.5.
Agri-food supply chain and disruptions due to COVID-19: Effects and Strategies
Authors: Sid Saurabh , Mor Rahul S , Panghal Anupama , Kumar Dinesh , Gahlawat Vijay Kumar 
Published: April 2021

Goal: The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has severely affected the global economies. It has a considerable effect on the agri-food economy and the linking food supply chains. The entire agri-food sector needs more attention because the concept of ‘work from home’ does not work here, and life cannot move even a single step without food. This paper offers a future agri-food sector perspective amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
Design / Methodology / Approach: This paper explores the short-term and long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on agri-food supply chains (AFSCs) based on the available information. The regulatory mechanisms taken by different government agencies, NGOs, and the food industry to manage the demand & supply disruptions are also discussed.
Results: The detailed effect analysis of the COVID-19 on agri-food supply chains and remedial strategies are conducted for different interfaces of AFSC, viz. production, handling & storage, processing & packaging, distribution & marketing, consumption, etc.
Limitations of the investigation: Given the research area's novelty, it may take enormous time to fully assess the current pandemic (COVID-19) effect on agri-food and its allied sectors.
Practical implications: This paper would help the agri-food industry and the authorities assess the effect of COVID-19 on the agri-food sector.
Originality/Value: This paper significantly contributes to new research directions and views for the AFSC and disruptions due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
In-Band Full-Duplex FSK transceiver for IoT
Authors: El Khattabi Mohammed , Khaldoun Mohammed , Elmesbahi Jelloul , Errami Ahmed 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A wireless frequency shift keying (FSK) transceiver that can simultaneously transmit and receive over the same radio channel using a novel complex baseband technique is introduced. The proposed design combines a traditional FSK modulator with a new frame-based demodulation technique able to recover data without using traditional cancellation techniques. Self Interference (SI) level has no impact on demodulation and can be ignored. The mathematical equations are detailed and validated by simulation. The implementation through software defined radio (SDR) using Ettus B210 USRP and GNU Radio proves that the system works properly and enables the In-Band Full-Duplex (IBFD) for FSK. An example of one single hope real-world IBFD communication is presented. Energy efficiency and System performances have been also evaluated using the bit error rate (BER) curve and discussed. The proposed technique enhances the spectral efficiency by factor 2 and seems very useful for low-rate applications such many internet of things (IoT) devices.