bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coordination Polymer Glasses with Lava and Healing Ability for High‐Performance Gas Sieving
Authors: Li Jie , Wang Jiaming , Li Qingqing , Zhang Mengxi , Li Jiani , Sun Chao , Yuan Shuai , Feng Xiao , Wang Bo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCoordination polymer (CP) glasses offer a way to tackle the fabrication challenges encountered by inorganic porous membranes and show great potentials for size‐exclusive gas separation. However, their processability and performance still cannot simultaneously meet the requirements for high‐performance membrane separation. Herein, we have developed a series of CP glasses (M‐P‐dmbIm, M=Zn, Cd, Cu, and Mn), which possess low vitrification temperature as well as low viscosity (η) and lave capability above the transition temperatures. The derived glass (agM‐P‐dmbIm) membranes show outstanding performances for H2/CO2, H2/N2, and H2/CH4 separation, which all far surpass the Robeson upper bound and even rival against the best of the state‐of‐the‐art gas separation membranes. The low viscosities not only allow us to hot‐cast or hot‐press the CP glasses into thin membranes within 5 min without sacrificing their selectivity and permeability, but also endow the resulted glass membranes with healing ability.
Supramolecular Polymerization‐Induced Nanoassemblies for Self‐Augmented Cascade Chemotherapy and Chemodynamic Therapy of Tumor
Authors: Yang Kuikun , Yu Guocan , Yang Zhiqing , Yue Ludan , Zhang Xiangjun , Sun Chen , Wei Jianwen , Rao Lang , Chen Xiaoyuan , Wang Ruibing 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe clinical application of chemodynamic therapy is impeded by the insufficient intracellular H2O2 level in tumor tissues. Herein, we developed a supramolecular nanoparticle via a simple one‐step supramolecular polymerization‐induced self‐assembly process using platinum (IV) complex‐modified β‐cyclodextrin‐ferrocene conjugates as supramolecular monomers. The supramolecular nanoparticles could dissociate rapidly upon exposure to endogenous H2O2 in the tumor and release hydroxyl radicals as well as platinum (IV) prodrugs in situ, which is reduced into cisplatin to significantly promote the generation of H2O2 in the tumor tissue. Thus, the supramolecular nanomedicine overcomes the limitation of conventional chemodynamic therapy via the self‐augmented cascade radical generation and drug release. In addition, dissociated supramolecular nanoparticles could be readily excreted from the body via renal clearance to effectively avoid systemic toxicity and ensure long term biocompatibility of the nanomedicine. This work may provide new insights on the design and development of novel supramolecular nanoassemblies for cascade chemo/chemodynamic therapy.
Using Light to Modify the Selectivity of Transition Metal Catalysed Transformations
Authors: Lunic Danijela , Bergamaschi Enrico , Teskey Christopher J. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractLight has a remarkable and often unique ability to promote chemical reactions. In combination with transition metal catalysis, it offers exciting opportunities to modify catalyst function in a non‐invasive manner, most frequently being reported to switch on or accelerate reactions that do not occur in the dark. However, the ability to completely change reactivity or selectivity between two different reaction outcomes is considerably less common. In this Minireview we bring together examples of this concept and highlight their mechanistically distinct approaches. Our overview demonstrates how these non‐natural, photo‐switchable systems provide key fundamental mechanistic insights, enhancing our understanding and stimulating development of new catalytic activity, and how this might lead to tangible applications, impacting fields such as polymer chemistry.
Highly Controlled Janus Organic‐Inorganic Nanocomposite as a Versatile Photoacoustic Platform
Authors: Zhang Xuan , Li Zhan‐Wei , Wu Ying , Ge Xiaoguang , Su Lichao , Feng Hongjuan , Wu Zongsheng , Yang Huanghao , Song Jibin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractControlling the structural order of nanoparticles (NPs), morphology, and composition is of paramount significance in tailoring the physical properties of nanoassembly. However, the commonly reported symmetrical nanocomposites often suffer an interference or sacrifice of the photophysical properties of the original components. To address this challenge, we developed a novel type of organic‐inorganic Janus nanocomposite (JNCP) with an asymmetric architecture, offering unique features such as the precisely controlled localization of components, combined modular optical properties, and independent stimuli. As a proof of concept, JNCPs were prepared by incorporating two photoacoustic (PA) imaging agents, namely an organic semiconducting dye and responsive gold nanoparticles (AuNP) assembly in separate compartments of JNCP. Theoretical simulation results confirmed that the formation mechanism of JNCPs arises from the entropy equilibrium in the system. The AuNP assembly generated a PA images with the variation of pH, while the semiconducting molecule served as an internal PA standard agent, leading to ratiometric PA imaging of pH. JNCP based probe holds great potential for real‐time and accurate detection of diverse biological targets in living systems.
Constructing an Acidic Microenvironment by MoS2 in Heterogeneous Fenton Reaction for Pollutant Control
Authors: Yan Qingyun , Lian Cheng , Huang Kai , Liang Lihong , Yu Haoran , Yin Pengcheng , Zhang Jinlong , Xing Mingyang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAlthough Fenton or Fenton‐like reactions have been widely used in the environment, biology, life science, and other fields, the sharp decrease in their activity under macroneutral conditions is still a large problem. This study reports a MoS2 cocatalytic heterogeneous Fenton (CoFe2O4/MoS2) system capable of sustainably degrading organic pollutants, such as phenol, in a macroneutral buffer solution. An acidic microenvironment in the slipping plane of CoFe2O4 is successfully constructed by chemically bonding with MoS2. This microenvironment is not affected by the surrounding pH, which ensures the stable circulation of Fe3+/Fe2+ on the surface of CoFe2O4/MoS2 under neutral or even alkaline conditions. Additionally, CoFe2O4/MoS2 always exposes “fresh” active sites for the decomposition of H2O2 and the generation of 1O2, effectively inhibiting the production of iron sludge and enhancing the remediation of organic pollutants, even in actual wastewater. This work not only experimentally verifies the existence of an acidic microenvironment on the surface of heterogeneous catalysts for the first time, but also eliminates the pH limitation of the Fenton reaction for pollutant remediation, thereby expanding the applicability of Fenton technology.
Outer and inner mitochondrial membrane proteins TOMM40 and TIMM50 are intensively concentrated and localized at Purkinje and pyramidal neurons in the New Zealand white rabbit brain
Authors: Farouk Sameh M. , Abdellatif Ahmed M. , Metwally Elsayed 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMitochondria are involved in a variety of developmental processes and neurodegenerative diseases. The translocase complexes of the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes (TOM and TIM) are protein complexes involved in transporting protein precursors across mitochondrial membranes. Although rabbits are important animal models for neurodegenerative diseases, the expression of TOM and TIM complexes has yet to be examined in the rabbit brain. In the present study, we quantitatively evaluated the protein expression of the translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 40 (TOMM40) and inner mitochondrial membrane 50 (TIMM50) complexes, two of the TOM/TIM complexes, in the cerebral, cerebellar, and hippocampal cortices of the New Zealand white rabbit brain, using immunohistochemistry. Sections from brain specimens were initially stained for cytochrome c oxidase (COX), a well‐known mitochondrial marker, which was found to be homogeneously expressed in the cerebrum, but localized to the Purkinje and pyramidal neurons of the cerebellum and hippocampus, respectively. TOMM40 and TIMM50 proteins consistently revealed a similar expression pattern, although at different ratios. In the cerebrum, TOMM40 and TIMM50 immunoreactions were homogeneously distributed within the cytoplasm of various neurons. Meanwhile, Purkinje cells in the cerebellum and pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus displayed higher intensities in their cytoplasm. The specific cellular localization of TOMM40 and TIMM50 proteins in various regions of the rabbit brain suggests a distinct function of each protein in these regions. Further analysis will be required to evaluate the molecular functions of these proteins.
Integrative proteomics and metabolomics approach to elucidate the antimicrobial effect of simvastatin on Escherichia coli
Authors: Kocak Engin , Nemutlu Emirhan , Kır Sedef , Sagıroglu Meral , Özkul Ceren 
Published: May 2021

AbstractGlobally, simvastatin is one of the most commonly used statin drugs. Its antimicrobial properties have been investigated against various pathogens. However, its effect on biological processes in bacteria has been unclear. This study focused on altered biological and metabolic processes at protein and metabolite levels induced by simvastatin. MS‐based proteomics and metabolomics were used to investigate the altered proteins and metabolites between experimental groups. Proteomics results showed that simvastatin induced various antimicrobial targets such as chaperon protein DnaK and cell division protein FtsZ. Metabolomics results revealed phenotypic changes in cells under simvastatin stress. Integrated proteomics and metabolomics result indicated that various metabolic processes were altered to adapt to stress conditions. Energy metabolism (glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, etc.), amino acid synthesis and ribosomal proteins, and purine and pyrimidine synthesis were induced by the effect of simvastatin. This study will contribute to the understanding of antimicrobial properties of statin drugs.
Investigation on physical properties of nanosized copper oxide (CuO) doped with cobalt (Co): A material for electronic device application
Authors: Maini Anil , Shah Mohammad Ashraf 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study has reported about the preparation and characterization of Copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles doped with Cobalt series at low temperature by Sol‐gel method. The characterization techniques like X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, defused reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and DC measurement have been used to confirm its phase formation, that is, monoclinic, surface porous morphology, the redshift of Raman peaks confirms optical phonon confinement, whereas increasing bandgap signifies the quantum confinement effect. The semiconducting nature of samples has been observed by two probe method. Furthermore, the study has focused in detail on the effect of cobalt doping with varying concentrations by wt % on its structural, morphological, optical, and conductivity features.
Surface mapping demonstrates compatibility of implantable loop monitor with a continuous‐flow left ventricular assist device
Authors: Li Angela , Atteya Gourg , Vullaganti Sirish , Mitra Ramanak 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSyncope in patients with continuous‐flow left ventricular assist device may be associated with arrhythmia and difficult to determine without an implantable cardioverter defibrillator. We present a patient with continuous‐flow left ventricular assist device, no implantable cardioverter defibrillator, and recurrent syncope. An implantable loop recorder was successfully implanted with surface mapping without noise interference.
Paper‐based electrochemical sensor
Authors: Sun Yang , Jiang Qiao‐Yan , Chen Feng , Cao Yue 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn order to further meet the requirements of testing applications in various fields, a simple, rapid, and low‐cost testing method is demanded for on‐site testing. Electrochemical paper‐based analytical devices (ePADs) have attracted wide attention in many practical applications due to their excellent performance. ePADs combine the benefits of easy‐to‐use, low‐cost, electrochemical sensitivity and selective detection, as well as the advanced nature of pumpless equipment. In this paper, the latest development and new trend of ePADs are reviewed. First, several preparation methods of ePADs are introduced. We then reviewed examples of their use in various fields, particularly in point‐of‐care testing. Finally, the research of ePADs is summarized and prospected.
Effect of frozen storage on the biochemical composition of five commercial freshwater fish species from River Nile, Sudan
Authors: Malik Inass A. , Elgasim Elgasim A. , Adiamo Oladipupo Q. , Ali Asmahan Azhari , Mohamed Ahmed Isam A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPostharvest processing and preservation of fish have great influence on fish quality and consumption. Freshwater fish in Sudan are facing problems related to bad handling and improper storage which reduce their quality. This study investigated the changes in the chemical composition, mineral contents, pH and acid value during storage (−18°C) of five commercial fish species (Bagras bayad, Lates niloticus L., Mormyrus casahive L., Oreochromis nilotica L., and Synodrontis schall) from the River Nile coast of Sudan. The fish species are rich in protein (17.22%–23.60%) but have low fat and ash contents. Frozen storage of the fishes for 45 days reduces their protein contents while the fat and ash contents were increased (p ≤ .05). Potassium and iron are the predominant major and trace minerals and their values were increased with storage period. The pH range from 5.74 (O. niloticus) to 6.24 (B. bayad) while acid value range from 0.02 (M. casahive) to 0.12 (L. niloticus). Both pH and acid values increased with storage period. In conclusion, storage of these fish species for up to 45 days did not adversely affect their nutritional value.
Conversion of levulinic acid to valuable chemicals: a review
Authors: Xu Wen‐Ping , Chen Xue‐Fang , Guo Hai‐Jun , Li Hai‐Long , Zhang Hai‐Rong , Xiong Lian , Chen Xin‐De 
Published: May 2021

AbstractLevulinic acid (LA), a class of important chemical intermediates and new energy chemicals, has been considered one of the top‐12 platform compounds that can be converted from biomass resources. Substantial progress on the conversion of lignocellulose biomass to LA and the further conversion of LA to high value downstream chemicals have been achieved recently. This review summarizes the preparation and separation processes of LA firstly, and then, emphatically discusses the catalytic system for LA conversion to valuable downstream products, including levulinate esters, 2‐methyl tetrahydrofuran (MTHF), Gamma‐valerolactone (GVL), 5‐aminolevulinic acid (DALA), and diphenolic acid (DPA). An outlook is provided at the end of this paper to highlight the challenges and opportunities for the comprehensive utilization of lignocellulose biomass. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Application of 7N In as secondary cathode for the direct current‐glow discharge mass spectrometry analysis of solid, fused high‐purity quartz
Authors: Busam Jochen , Stokkan Gaute , Muggerud Astrid Marie F. , Di Sabatino Marisa 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDirect current glow discharge mass spectrometry with an indium‐based secondary cathode technique is used to analyze solid, nonconducting, fused high‐purity quartz regarding metallic impurities of relevance to the solar industry. Details of the analytical routines are presented. In this work, the secondary cathode design and glow discharge conditions are optimized beyond the commonly applied practices. In addition, relative sensitivity factors (RSFs) for these optimized conditions are established and compared to previously published results. The results indicate that the technique enables stable measurements with detection limits down to the part per billion (ppb) range.
A Multifaceted Approach to Measure Creativity across Cultures: The Role of the Centrality of Context in Divergent Thinking Tasks
Authors: Ivancovsky Tal , Shamay‐Tsoory Simone , Lee Joo , Morio Hiroaki , Kurman Jenny 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCreativity is a multifaceted construct, yet traditionally measured as divergent thinking (DT) with originality as its main focus. As originality tends to be discouraged in East Asian cultures, this measurement discrepancy is especially problematic in cross‐cultural studies. Given cultural variations in the centrality of context, in the current study we added two context‐dependent dimensions to frequently used DT tasks: a holism dimension to Torrance repeated circles subscale and a usefulness dimension to the Alternates Uses Task (AUT). In Study 1, South Korean and Israeli students completed the Torrance subscale. As hypothesized, while Israelis evinced higher DT ability, Koreans demonstrated a holistic approach. In Study 2, Japanese and Israeli students completed the AUT. Once again, Israelis evinced higher DT ability. Although no significant difference was found on the usefulness dimension, within‐culture analysis indicated that relative to the DT dimensions (originality, flexibility, fluency), usefulness was the highest score among Japanese and the lowest among Israelis. Furthermore, in both studies the “Eastern” dimensions loaded on a separate factor than the DT dimensions, implying that they might represent distinct facets of creativity. We propose that adopting a multifaceted approach, offers a unique opportunity for understanding creativity in general and in a cross‐cultural context in particular.
Sleep time and duration are associated with periodontitis in a representative sample of Koreans
Authors: Han Dong‐Hun , Kim Mi‐Sun , Kim Seohee , Yoo Ji‐Won , Shen Jay J. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundSo far, studies on the association between sleep and periodontitis have shown conflicting results. This study assessed the association among sleep duration, sleep time, and periodontitis among a nationally representative Korean population and the mediation effect of WBC.MethodsWe analyzed data from the Seventh Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VII) collected from 2016 to 2018. With the screenings by age (45 to 64), edentate, and the adequacy of information provided, the analysis was confined to a selected group of respondents of 4407 with measurements for the sleep survey and periodontal health status out of total 24,269. Periodontitis was defined according to the World Health Organization's community periodontal index (CPI) code greater than or equal to three, and severe periodontitis was defined as CPI code 4. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to test the association between sleep and periodontitis controlling the confounding factors.ResultsThose who went to bed during the daytime were associated with periodontitis (OR = 1.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07 to 2.07). In a combined sleep time and duration model, those who went to bed at night with a sleep duration of 9 hours or more were associated with periodontitis (OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.04 to 2.77) and severe periodontitis (OR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.02‐3.45). WBC count had the highest impact on the association between sleep time and periodontitis.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that an extra‐long sleep duration and going to bed during the daytime are associated with periodontitis.
Attention‐based deep learning system for automated diagnoses of age‐related macular degeneration in optical coherence tomography images
Authors: Yan Yan , Jin Kai , Gao Zhiyuan , Huang Xiaoling , Wang Fanyi , Wang Yao , Ye Juan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPurposeThe progression of age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) is critical to treatment decisions in clinical practice. The disease can be classified into four categories namely, drusen, inactive choroidal neovascularization (CNV), active CNV, and normal, according to severity based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) images. Interpreting numerous OCT images is still time‐consuming and labor‐intensive, especially for the detection of the CNV activity. To address this problem, we developed a deep learning (DL) system based on OCT images, with the assistance of an attention mechanism, to automatically diagnose AMD.MethodsA public dataset (total 51,140 OCT images) and a private dataset (total 4951 OCT images) were utilized as a training dataset and a clinical validation dataset, respectively, to develop the DL model. A ResNet‐34 DL model, with convolutional block attention module (CBAM) block integrated into each unit, was pretrained on the public dataset first and then finetuned on our private dataset to automatically diagnose AMD and assist clinical decision‐making. GradCam, a visualization technique, was used to improve the interpretability of our model.ResultsThe precision and recall of our model were, respectively, 84.3% and 87.3% for drusen, 81.2% and 80.0% for inactive CNV, 97.7% and 90.2% for active CNV, and 93.7% and 96.5% for normal. The area under the curve (AUC) corresponding to drusen, inactive CNV, active CNV, and normal for our model reached 0.9395, 0.9476, 0.9880, and 0.9925, respectively. The heatmaps indicated a high level of correspondence in the region of interest between our model and ophthalmologists on the diagnosis.ConclusionsThe implementation of finetuning and attention mechanism improve the performance of our model in a distinct dataset. Our model successfully assisted in the diagnosis of AMD and achieved a detection precision and recall equal to those of ophthalmologists. The results of our study could contribute to the precise diagnosis of and decision‐making regarding AMD.
Rational design of bacterial cellulose‐based air filter with antibacterial activity for highly efficient particulate matters removal
Authors: Wu Aifang , Hu Xiaoming , Ao Haiyong , Chen Zejing , Chu Zhaomiao , Jiang Tao , Deng Xiaoyan , Wan Yizao 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMultifunctional air filters with efficient particulate matters (PMs) removal, low respiratory resistance and prevention harmful substances are highly demanded. Bacterial cellulose (BC) air filter can capture PMs and separate them from the airflow; however, the dense network structure sacrifices the air permeability. Herein, we incorporated silver nanowires (AgNW) to BC filter through in‐situ cultivation method to prepare a new air filter. The addition of AgNW endows BC filter with antibacterial activity and increases the porosity and air permeability. Surprisingly, AgNW incorporation achieves high‐efficiency filtration through electrostatic adsorption. The filtration efficiency of the BC/AgNW composite filter paper for PM2.5 and PM10 is as high as 99.7% and 99.8%, respectively, that are on par with commonly used 3 M masks on the market. The pressure drop is 123 Pa, which can meet market demand with satisfaction. In addition, the tailor‐made BC/AgNW owns efficient antibacterial potency to keep the human body from infecting germs and other interferences. Overall, this work indicated that the versatile composite air filter paper is promising for various applications in the environmental field and the critical need for human health.