bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social and reproductive behaviour of proboscis monkey Nasalis larvatus (van Wurmb, 1787) at Taman Safari Bogor, West Java
Authors: Sjahfirdi L , Noviandini D 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Research on social and reproductive behaviours of proboscis monkey Nasalis larvatus (van Wurmb, 1787) at Taman Safari Bogor has been done. The purposes of the research are to evaluate social interactions between male and female proboscis monkeys, between the females, and to evaluate reproductive behaviours in male and female pairs. Observation methods used were scan sampling and ad libitum sampling with fifteen minutes intervals without pause. The observation time was six hours per day and was done for four weeks in November 2019. Subjects observed in the study were one adult male aged 20 years (J) and two adult females aged 14 years (B1) and 11 years (B2) in a glass cage. Social behaviours observed indicate high affiliative behaviours (average 99.28 %) and low aggressive behaviours (average 0.72 %). Reproductive behaviours were carried out by both pairs with the higher frequency of reproductive behaviours happened between J and B1 than J and B2. Based on the t-test carried out with the value of α = 0.05, the frequency of reproductive behaviours of the pairs significantly different with the value of P < 0.05.
Microplastic abundance in blood cockle Anadara granosa (linnaeus, 1758) at Lada Bay, Pandeglang, Banten
Authors: Ukhrowi H R , Wardhana W , Patria M P 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Microplastic in the marine ecosystem has become a growing global concern over the past decades. This research analyzed the abundance and type of microplastic in the blood cockle anadara granosa, water, and sediment from Lada Bay, Pandeglang, Banten, Indonesia. The sampling of the blood cockle, water and sediment were collected from 3 different stations. Digestive tracts and respiratory organs from blood cockle were destructed with HNO3 65 %, water and sediment samples were mixed into the concentrated NaCl solution. The results showed a microplastic abundance of 248.5 ± 3.81 particle/L in water, 169.200 ± 5.184 particle/kg in sediment and 618.8 ± 121.4 particles/individuals in the cockle. Besides, in blood cockle from the traditional markets, it was found 566.7 ± 133.1 particle/individuals microplastic. Fiber is the type of microplastic that was most commonly found in the samples of cockles (58.06 %), waters (61.23 %) and sediments (57.82 %). The river was indicated as a microplastic source to the sea. The station 3 in ± 60 m near the river mouth has a higher microplastic concentration with an average of 86.17 ± 2.36 particle/l.62666.67 ± 1803.7 particle/Kg and 720 ± 131.1 particle/individual, compared to station 1 and 2 which is further away from the river.
Antagonistic potential of Streptomyces cellulosae SM12 against Ganoderma sp. TB3 and Ganoderma sp. TB4
Authors: Zulfa N V , Fitroh M , Santoso I , Maryanto A E , Yasman  
Published: January 2021

Abstract
A study was carried out to screen 25 Actinomycetes isolates that have ability to act as biocontrol agents Actinomycetes against Ganoderma sp. TB3 and Ganoderma sp. TB4. Among 25 Actinomycetes isolates, only Actinomycetes SM12 can inhibit the growth of both Ganoderma sp. TB3 (52 %) and Ganoderma sp. TB4 (60 %). Antagonistic assay using cross streak method with a longer period of delayed antagonism showed higher inhibition effect to the growth of Ganoderma sp. TB3 (76 %) and Ganoderma sp. TB4 (85 %). Identification of Actinomycetes SM12 based on 16S rRNA revealed that Actinomycetes SM12 belong to Streptomyces cellulosae. The Actinomycetes SM12 isolate produces rectinaculum-apertum spore chain and forms a colony that exhibited white to greyish color. Enzyme activity test showed that the cultures are positive in amylase, protease, lipase and cellulase production respectively.
Effect of free range chicken egg yolk concentration to spermatozoa viability of koi fish (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus 1758) post-cryopreservation
Authors: Zavitri N G , Abinawanto  
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Research on natural cryoprotectant such as chicken egg yolk, for sperm fish cryopreservation has already been done, however Using free range chicken egg yolk has yet to be done before in sperm fish, especially in koi fish. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of free range chicken egg yolk concentration on sperm viability of koi fish, Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758) after freezing. Sperm was collected by hand stripping method, and diluted by a dilution solution (methanol 10 % and various concentrations of free range chicken egg yolk) with ratio 1:4. The given concentration of free range chicken egg yolk was 0 % (control), 5 %, 10 %, 15 %, 20 %, and 25 %. Freezing was done at -34 °C for 48 hours. The one factor ANOVA showed that various concentration of chicken egg yolk had effect (P < 0.05) on average value of viability of spermatozoa of koi fish 48 hours post-cryopreservation. Tukey’s multiple comparison test showed significant differences (P < 0.05) between controls with other chicken egg yolk treatment. Free range chicken egg yolk at concentration 15 % is the optimum concentration in this study for maintaining viability of koi fish sperm 48 hours post-cryopreservation, because it produced the highest average value of percentage viability 84.5 ± 7.32 %.
The study of Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) gene expression on Ageratum conyzoides L. and Synedrella nodiflora L. in Universitas Indonesia, Depok and Cibodas Botanical Garden
Authors: Windarti C K , Maryanto A E , Salamah A , Andayani N 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Asteraceae is one of the invasive plant family. Invasive plants have more ability in tolerating high temperatures with the role of the Hsp70 mechanism. The Hsp70 gene is conserved in cells as a form of adaptation to some environmental stresses, one of which is temperature stress. The difference of average temperature between Universitas Indonesia-Depok (28.6 °C) and Cibodas Botanical Garden (20.06 °C) become the basis of this research to see the level of Hsp70 gene expression in Ageratum conyzoides and Synedrella nodiflora. RNA isolation from the leaf tissues was carried out using modified CTAB method followed by cDNA synthesis. The cDNA obtained is then amplified by PCR using a Hsp70 primer from Arabidopsis thaliana. The results of this research using in silico techniques showed a partial amplification of the Hsp70 gene and the presence of nucleotide variations in Universitas Indonesia-Depok and Cibodas Botanical Garden at the positions number 110 (Ageratum conyzoides) and 108 (Synedrella nodiflora). These variations resulted in different amino acids but did not change the protein structure prediction of the samples.
The effect of coconut milk in various concentrations on spermatozoa motility of Koi fish (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus 1758) 48 hours post-cryopreservation
Authors: Devita A , Abinawanto  , Lestari R 
Published: January 2021

AbstractResearch about the effect of various concentrations of coconut milk on spermatozoa quality of Koi Fish (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus 1758) 48 hours post cryopreservation has been carried out. The research aims to understand the effect of 5 % methanol and various concentrations of coconut milk (0 %, 2 %, 4 %, 6 %, 8 % and 10 %) on the motility of Koi fish spermatozoa 48 hours post-cryopreservation. Koi fish milt in this research was collected by stripping method and then evaluated microscopically and macroscopically. Results obtained are further assayed statistically using the Saphiro-Wilk normality test, Levene homogeneity test, one way Anova test, and Tukey multiple comparison test. One way Anova test showed that various concentration of coconut milk had significant difference (P < 0.05) of average value of motility on spermatozoa of Koi fish 48 hours post cryopreservation. A combination of 5 % methanol with 6 % coconut milk is the optimum concentration of cryoprotectant because it produced the highest average value of spermatozoa motility (79.13 ± 4.18 %).
The effect of glutathione antioxidant addition in maturation medium on the morphology of Garut sheep (Ovis aries) oocytes after vitrification
Authors: Gunawan M , Nuriza N , Kaiin E M , Sjahfirdi L 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The study regarding the addition of glutathione antioxidants in the maturation medium in Garut sheep oocytes has been done. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the addition of glutathione antioxidants on oocyte morphology at post-vitrification. A total of 129 oocytes were matured in vitro using TCM-199 medium combined with glutathione antioxidants with a concentration of 0 mM (KK); 0.5 mM (KP1); 1 mM (KP2); and 1.5 mM (KP3). Oocytes were then vitrified using a combination of 15 % ethylene glycol and 15 % dimethyl sulfoxide as cryoprotectants. Oocyte evaluation was carried out after 7 days of storage in liquid nitrogen, including oocyte maturity and oocyte morphology. The percentages of mature oocytes are 53.13 % (0 mM), 55.88 % (0.5 mM ), 59.38 % (1 mM ), and 67.74 % (1.5 mM ) and the percentages of normal oocytes are 56.25 % (0 mM ), 64.71 % (0.5 mM ), 71.88 % (1 mM ) and 87.10 % (1.5 mM ). The results of ANOVA tests showed that the data were not significantly different between groups (P > 0.05), but the percentage tends to increase with the increase of antioxidants concentration. The addition of glutathione antioxidants in the maturation medium seems to help maintain oocyte morphology until post-vitrification, although not significant.
Phylogenetic study of Sumatran Microhyla heymonsi Vogt, 1911 (Anura: Microhylidae) based on 16S rRNA mitochondrial gene
Authors: Akbari G W , Hamidy A , Maryanto A E , Munir M , Smith E N 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMicrohyla heymonsiis a species that has a very wide distribution, ranging from Taiwan, China, India, Indochina, Peninsular Malaysia, to Sumatra. Species with a very wide distribution often contain cryptic species due to the geographical barrier resulting in reproductive isolation, gene mutation, and evolution. This study aims to determine the phylogenetic relationship betweenM. heymonsispecies from Sumatra and outside Sumatra, as well as the value of genetic distance between the two groups of species. The genetic distance threshold as a species delimitation is 3 %. DNA sequences were obtained through the process of DNA barcoding and then phylogenetic studies were performed through analysis of Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmatic Mean, Neighborhood Joining, Maximum Likelihood, and Bayesian Inference. The results show that theM. heymonsispecies from Sumatra form a large single clade on the phylogenetic tree of all analytical methods with significant bootstrap values. The genetic distance value ofM. heymonsiSumatra withM. heymonsiSingapore and Malaysia is still below 3 %. The genetic distance values betweenM. heymonsiSumatra andM. heymonsiThailand, Myanmar, Vietnam and China have exceeded 3 %.
The effect of addition alpha tocopherol antioxidant on slow freezing medium to the quality of Garut sheep oocyte (Ovis aries)
Authors: Kaiin E M , Salmah E N , Gunawan M , Sjahfirdi L 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This study has evaluated the ability of alpha tocopherol antioxidant in maintaining the quality of Garut sheep oocytes post-cryopreservation using slow freezing method. Total of 226 oocytes with two different qualities (A and B) are matured in vitro in TCM-199 medium added with 150 µM alpha tocopherol. Afterwards, the oocytes were cryopreserved in the slow freezing medium with the addition of 0 µM (KK), 100 µM (KP1), 150 µM (KP2) and 200 µM (KP3) alpha tocopherol. Combination of cryoprotectant 10 % ethylene glycol (EG) and 0.1 M sucrose were also added to the medium slow freezing. Oocyte evaluation was carried out after 7 days of storage in liquid nitrogen (-196 °C), including oocyte morphology and oocyte viability using Hoechst and Propidium Iodide (PI) dyes. Based on the results of the study, the percentage of normal oocyte post-cryopreservation are 0 µM (67.86 %), 100 µM (68.42 %), 150 µM (74.58 %) and 200 µM (61.11 %). The percentage of viable oocyte post-cryopreservation are 0 µM (76.79 %), 100 µM (80.70 %), 150 µM (86.44 %), and 200 µM (70.37 %). The results shows that the addition of alpha tocopherol did not have an effect to the quality of oocytes post-cryopreservation, but there was a tendency for quality improvement with increasing doses of alpha tocopherol. In this study, addition of 150 µM alpha tocopherol into slow freezing medium is the best dose for maintaining the quality of Garut sheep oocytes until post-cryopreservation, although not significant (P > 0.05).
The effect of glutathione antioxidant addition in slow freezing medium on oocyte viability of Garut sheep (Ovis aries)
Authors: Kaiin E M , Febriani D S , Gunawan M , Sjahfirdi L 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Research has been conducted on the addition of glutathione antioxidants in slow freezing medium on the oocyte viability of garut sheep (Ovis aries) after-cryopreservation. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of adding glutathione antioxidants in slow freezing medium with a concentration of 0.5 mM; 1 mM; 1.5 mM on the oocyte viability of garut sheep. Cryopreservation of 136 oocytes was carried out using cryoprotectant, such as 10 % ethylene glycol and 0.1 M sucrose. Viability of oocytes was evaluated using Hoechst and propidium iodide dyes, after 7 days of storage in liquid nitrogen (-196 °C). Based on the results of the study, the percentage of viable oocytes after-cryopreservation was 68.40 % (0 mM), 69.76 % (0.5 mM ), 75.55 % (1 mM ) and 83.08 % (1.5 mM ). Based on ANOVA statistical test, there were no significant differences between treatment groups (P > 0.05), but results showed an increase pattern with the addition of glutathione antioxidant concentrations. In conclusion the results showed that the addition of glutathione antioxidants in the slow freezing medium did not affect the oocyte viability of Garut sheep after cryopreservation.
Potential of mangrove ecosystem as coastal tourism based on biophysical conditions and water quality in Cilamaya Wetan, Karawang Regency
Authors: Wicaksono A A , Handayani T , Pin T G 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Mangrove ecosystem is the ecosystems that has an important role not only for the life of flora and fauna, but also for the society around the ecosystem. This ecosystem needs to be considered for its sustainability as an effort to utilize the ecosystem. Cilamaya Wetan Sub-district is one of the sub-districts in Karawang Regency which has a very wide mangrove forest that reaches 1,019 ha. Biophysical condition and water quality, and also location factors for accessibility and its distance from the settlement need to consider, in which to develop mangrove ecosystem into tourism. Biophysical variables were analyzed using the suitability of mangroves for tourism, then water quality variables were analyzed using Pollution Index (PI), and location aspects were analyzed spatially using buffer method. The results of the potential of mangrove ecosystems for coastal tourism based on biophysical conditions and water quality obtained three zones that suitable to develop into tourism. Those zones are Maryamah-Tunut zone, Tarsip-Ci lamaya zone, and Cilamaya zone. Then based on spatial analysis using locational factors based on accessibility and distance from settlements, Tarsip-Ci lamaya zone and Ci Lamaya zone have the potential to be used as mangrove marine tourism. Besides those 2 zones area are suitable based on the biophysical conditions and water quality, the accessibility is quite good due to the main road is provided towards the ecosystem and also the distance from the settlement is in ideal distance, so that the ecosystem can be kept in good condition. Good accessibility and suitability mangrove ecosystem can increase the potential of the ecosystem to be used as coastal tourism.
Mapping water inundation and inundated landuse which will formed due to development of Karian dam, Ci Berang Sub-Basin, Lebak Regency, Banten Province
Authors: Bennabi J , Pin T G , Wibowo A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Overpopulation and development in Java Island have caused changes in land use from productive into non-productive land. One of the changes occurring in Indonesia is the development of the Karian Dam as a Multi-Purpose Dam in the Ci Berang Sub-Basin. This study aims to determine the area of inundated water will covering land use and many villages caused by the construction of Karian Dam. The dam was started the construction in the year 2015 and will complete in the year 2019. The variables used in this study is the elevation of inundated water and the land use of the Ci Berang Sub-Basin. The data for inundated are water level at minimum, normal, and maximum, which combined with digital elevation model (DEM). The research used the landcover data generated from Landsat 8 OLI. The results explained that the Ci Berang Sub-Basin area would be affected by the inundated water is 1,479 Ha. The changes caused by the water inundation will affect the land use in the northern area of Ci Berang Basin those are shrubs, wetlands, plantations, and urban areas more than 54.57 Ha and vacant lots 16,14 Ha. The land use, which has the highest area of inundated water coverage was shrubs 53 % and wetlands 22 %. The inundated water caused many villages covered by water with the highest land use change was Tambak Village with 335.48 Ha, and the lowest was Sindangsari Village with 3.73 Ha.
Premium calculation on health insurance implementing deductible
Authors: Anggraini N A , Nurrohmah S , Sari S F 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Implementation of deductibles on insurance contracts is one of many ways to solve the adverse selection and moral hazard problems that often arise in health insurance. Deductibles will make the amount of expected loss for insurance companies lower. However, the deductible will also affect the amount of net premium. The higher the deductible, the lower the net premium that insurance company will get. If the claims amount are very large, then the insurance company would not be able to pay the claims because the amount of net premium that have been earned is small. Thus, the net premium principle is less suitable to use when the insurance companies. Then, they must find more suitable premium calculation method and in this paper, Proportional Hazard (PH) transform principle proposed by Wang being analyzed as an alternative premium when the insurer applies deductibles. The amount of PH transform premium will be higher than net premium and it has more slightly decrease when deductibles are applied compared to the amount of net premium.
Bayesian gaussian finite mixture model
Authors: Mirra J , Abdullah S 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn data analysis it is common to assume that data are generated from one population. However, due to some underlying factors, data might come from several sources that should be considered as several sub-populations. Partitioning methods such as k-means clustering, as well as hierarchical clustering, are two commonly used methods for identifying data grouping. The grouping is done based on distance between observations. We discuss alternative means of data grouping, based on data distribution, known as Finite Mixture Model. Parameter estimation will be done using the Bayesian approach. Incorporation of prior distribution on the parameter of interest will complete data information from the sample, resulting in updated information in the form of posterior distribution. Gaussian distribution is assumed for the sampling model. Markov Chain Monte Carlo with Gibbs Sampling algorithm is implemented for sampling from the posterior distribution. Data on wave sensitivity on monkeys’ eyes were used to illustrate the method.
Pricing catastrophe reinsurance risk premium using Peaks Over Threshold (POT) model
Authors: Jaladri A S , Nurrohmah S , Fithriani I 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
An incident that cost more lives than a certain threshold is called a catastrophic event. In the world of insurance, the incidence of catastrophe causes many policies to make a claim together, so it can cause big losses for insurance companies. The risk of catastrophic events can be minimized by purchasing a catastrophic reinsurance contract. The reinsurance company then calculates the amount of risk premium for catastrophic reinsurance to be paid by the insurance company. The model used to calculate the risk premium is the peaks over threshold (POT) model. The POT model is generally used to model extreme events. In this model, the number of catastrophic events is modeled using the Poisson distribution. Then, the number of casualties is modeled using the discrete generalized Pareto distribution (DGPD). To estimate the parameters of the model, the maximum likelihood method is used and the data on the number of fatalities resulting from a particular event in Indonesia is collected and compiled. Furthermore, the number of claims is modeled with the Beta-Binomial distribution and the size of claims resulting from a catastrophic event is modeled by Exponential distribution. Numerical simulations are then performed to obtain the total size of claims resulting from all catastrophic events within 1 year of catastrophic reinsurance contracts. Ultimately the risk premium can be calculated using the standard deviation premium principle by utilizing the expected value and the variance of the total amount of the claim.
Harmonious labeling of the union of m-cycle and n-path graph
Authors: Ng S , Alwie F , Marjadi T P , Sugeng K A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
A graph G is called harmonious graph if there is an injective mapping f from the set of vertices of G to the set Zq
so that the mapping induced a bijection mapping f
∗ from the set of edges of G to Zq
, which is defined as f*(xy) = f(x)+ f(y) for each edge xy∈ E(G). The mapping f is called harmonious labeling. Harmonious labeling concept has been developed since 1980. At that time, harmonious labeling is inspired by channel assignment problems. Nowadays, harmonious labeling has been known for various classes of graphs. However, there are still many certain classes of graphs that have not been determined yet whether they can be harmonious labeled or not. One of the class of graphs that have not been determined yet whether it can be harminous labeled or not is graph Cm
∪ Pn
In this paper, we prove that there is a harmonious labeling of graph Cm
∪ Pn
for some values m and n.
The odd harmonious labelling of nhair-kC
4-snake graph
Authors: Mumtaz K , Silaban D R 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Let G(p,q) be graph that consists of p = |V| vertices and q = |E| edges, where is the set of vertices and E is the set of edges of G. A graph G(p,q) is odd harmonious if there exist an injective function f: V → {0, 1, 2, …, 2q − 1} that induced a bijective function f
∗:E → {1, 3, 5, …, 2q − 1} defined by f
∗(uv) = f(u) + f(v). The function f is called harmonious labelling of graph G(p,q). A hair-kC
4 snake graph is a graph obtain by attaching n leaves to vertices of degree two in kC
4-snake graph. In this paper we prove that nhair-kC
4-snake graph is odd harmonious.