bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One policy, different effects: Estimating the region‐specific impacts of EU cohesion policy
Authors: Di Caro Paolo , Fratesi Ugo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMany academic papers have looked at the economic effects of the EU cohesion policy, which still remain an open empirical issue. The focus of the most recent literature has been on the heterogeneous effects of the policy and the identification of regional conditioning factors. However, most of the existing studies generally assume slope homogeneity for different cross‐sectional units (i.e., regions) and they estimate the average effects of the policy for all the European regions and/or selected groups of regions. Past works also employ data covering few programming periods. This paper has two main goals. First, we study the heterogeneous consequences of EU cohesion policy on regional economic growth in Europe over the past three decades, by applying a heterogeneous coefficient approach to new panel‐time series data. We calculate the region‐specific effects of the policy in terms of long‐run gross domestic product growth. Second, we study regional differences in terms of policy effects depending on the level of assistance received by the regions. We make a distinction among cases of effective, ineffective, trigger and marginal policy. We also document that the effectiveness of EU cohesion policy in the long run can be explained by some of the key factors used in the literature. Finally, we discuss the need for ineffective cases to learn from effective and trigger ones.
Paradigm shift in the treatment options of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Su Tung‐Hung , Hsu Shih‐Jer , Kao Jia‐Horng 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is prevalent worldwide with suboptimal therapeutic outcomes. The advancement of therapeutic options and the development of new systemic therapies expand the armamentarium to tackle HCC. Treatment options should be provided based on the hierarchy of efficacy in a multidisciplinary perspective, instead of the traditional stage‐guided scheme. In advanced HCC, lenvatinib has a comparable efficacy as sorafenib for the first‐line therapy of HCC; while regorafenib, cabozantinib, and ramucirumab have been approved as second‐line therapy after the failure of sorafenib. Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy prolongs response rate and survival and enables long‐term cure. Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab is superior to sorafenib as the first‐line therapy for advanced HCC. Several emerging regimens by the combination of various systemic therapies are currently under clinical trials. Systemic therapy may be used in the neoadjuvant, adjuvant or even as initial therapy for intermediate‐stage HCC. The paradigm shift of HCC treatment will improve patient outcomes.
Helpful factors in a healthcare professional intervention for low‐back pain: Unveiled by Heidegger's philosophy
Authors: Angel Sanne 
Published: September 2021

AbstractLow‐back pain can be invalidating physically as well as mentally. Despite professional help to treat and prevent low‐back pain, the pain often persists, and so do the problems related to low‐back pain. An intervention that made it possible for a significant part of patients with low‐back pain to improve health and well‐being raised the question: Why was it possible to help some and not others? The aim of the present paper was to achieve a deeper understanding of factors patients experienced as helpful in professional support related to low‐back pain. This was explored using a hermeneutic‐phenomenological approach while analysing 20 interviews with patients with low‐back pain purposively chosen interviews conducted in relation to the intervention. An analysis was made using Ricoeur's interpretation theory. Data on both positive and negative experiences were read and reflected upon. We found that healthcare professionals’ adoption of a narrative approach facilitating the patient's perspective was perceived as helpful. Patients experienced this as being taken seriously; an experience that could be explained at a deeper, more nuanced level using Heidegger's philosophy. Facilitating the patient's perspective was conditional not only on the professional obtaining access to the patient's perspective but also on understanding and acknowledging the patient's existence. The challenge for healthcare professionals in this respect is to bridge the gap between the consultation's fact‐focused concern with the medical implications of low‐back pain and the patient's concern with the implications low‐back pain has for his or her personal identity and life. Listening to the patient's perspective in itself supports the subjective recovery process, while also supporting the quality of patient‐centred support and strengthening the patient's trust in its helpfulness.
Robot‐Assisted Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion in the Treatment of Lumbar Spondylolisthesis
Authors: Cui Guan‐yu , Han Xiao‐guang , Wei Yi , Liu Ya‐jun , He Da , Sun Yu‐qing , Liu Bo , Tian Wei 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveTo compare the clinical efficacy between robot‐assisted minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (robot‐assisted MIS‐TLIF) and traditional open TLIF surgery in the treatment of lumbar spondylolisthesis.MethodsAccording to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 48 cases with lumbar spondylolisthesis who received surgical treatment from June 2016 to December 2017 in the spinal surgery department of Beijing Jishuitan Hospital were analyzed in this study, including 23 patients who received robot‐assisted MIS‐TLIF and 25 patients who received traditional open TLIF surgery. The two groups were compared in terms of pedicle screw accuracy evaluated by Gertzbein‐Robbins classification on postoperative computed tomography (CT), operation time, blood loss, postoperative drainage, hospitalization, time to independent ambulation, low back pain evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS), lumbar function evaluated by Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), paraspinal muscles atrophy on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and complications.ResultsPostoperative CT showed that the rate of Grade A screws in the robot‐assisted MIS‐TLIF group was significantly more than that in the open surgery group (χ2 = 4.698, P = 0.025). Compared with the open surgery group, the robot‐assisted MIS‐TLIF group had significantly less intraoperative blood loss, less postoperative drainage, shorter hospitalization, shorter time to independent ambulation, and lower VAS at 3 days post‐operation (P < 0.05). However, the duration of surgery was longer. The VAS of the robot‐assisted MIS‐TLIF group decreased from 6.9 ± 1.8 at pre‐operation to 2.1 ± 0.8 at post‐operation, 1.8 ± 0.7 at 6‐month follow‐up and 1.6 ± 0.5 at 2‐year follow‐up. The VAS of the open surgery group decreased from 6.5 ± 1.7 at pre‐operation to 3.7 ± 2.1 at post‐operation, 2.1 ± 0.6 at 6‐month follow‐up and 1.9 ± 0.5 at 2‐year follow‐up. The ODI of the robot‐assisted MIS‐TLIF group decreased from 57.8% ± 8.9% at pre‐operation to 18.6% ± 4.7% at post‐operation, 15.7% ± 3.9% at 6‐month follow‐up and 14.6% ± 3.7% at 2‐year follow‐up. The ODI of the open surgery group decreased from 56.9% ± 8.8% at pre‐operation to 20.8% ± 5.1% at post‐operation, 17.3% ± 4.2% at 6‐month follow‐up and 16.5% ± 3.8% at 2‐year follow‐up. Paraspinal muscle cross‐sectional area in 2‐year follow‐up in patients of the open surgery group decreased significantly compared to patients of robotic‐assisted MIS‐TLIF group (P = 0.016).ConclusionIn the treatment of lumbar spondylolisthesis, robot‐assisted MIS‐TLIF may lead to more precise pedicle screw placement, less intraoperative blood loss, less postoperative drainage, less postoperative pain, quicker recovery, and less paraspinal muscle atrophy than traditional open surgery.
Investigation of Diagnostic Biomarkers for Osteoporosis Based on Differentially Expressed Gene Profile with QCT and mDixon‐Quant Techniques
Authors: Zhu Shan , Tian Aixian , Guo Lin , Xu Hua , Li Xiaofeng , Wang Zhi , He Feng 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveTo develop a comprehensive differential expression profile for osteoporosis based on two independent data sources.MethodsUsing a hindlimb unloading (HLU) rat model to mimic osteoporosis syndrome in humans (animal experiments), the significant differentially expressed mRNAs in osteoporosis were analyzed using RNA‐seq. The enriched GO terms as well as KEGG signaling pathways were also deeply investigated. Using clinical specimens to verify the functions of potential hub genes (biomarkers) for osteoporosis (clinical experiments), 128 suspected cases for osteoporosis from January 2019 to December 2020 were randomly selected and analyzed by quantitative computed tomography (QCT) as well as modified Dixon quantification (mDixon‐Quant) techniques in the Tianjin hospital. Among these, 80 patients out of 128 suspected cases were finally diagnosed as the osteoporosis group. Meanwhile, 48 patients were selected for osteopenia group. There was no significant age and gender difference across participant subgroups. The protein levels of potential hub genes (FST, CCL3, and RAPGEF4) were determined by ELISA double antibody sandwich method for osteopenia and osteoporosis groups from peripheral blood.ResultIn the RNA‐seq analysis, compared with control group, a total of 803 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified, including 288 up‐regulated and 515 down‐regulated mRNAs. Of these, FST, CCL3, CPE, RAPGEF4, IL6, MDFI, PDZD2, and GATM were primary hub genes (biomarkers) for osteoporosis. These differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in GO terms related to extracellular matrix process and KEGG signaling pathways including osteoclast differentiation. In the functional experiments, the protein expression level of FST, CCL3, and RAPGEF4 displayed a specific expression pattern between osteoporosis patients and control group. The protein concentration of FST was 23.63 ± 6.39 ng/mL in osteoporosis patients compared as 48.36 ± 9.12 ng/mL in osteopenia group (P < 0.01). Meanwhile, CCL3 was 1.03 ± 0.64 ng/mL in osteoporosis patients vs 0.56 ± 0.24 in osteopenia group (P < 0.01) and RAPGEF4 was 53.58 ± 11.42 ng/mL in osteoporosis patients vs 66.47 ± 13.28 ng/mL in osteopenia group (P < 0.05), respectively.ConclusionThis study has identified potential gene biomarkers (the genes with most significantly differential expression and useful for distinguishing osteoporosis from other bone disorders) and established a differential expression profile for osteoporosis, which is a valuable reference for future clinical research.
Melanocytic nevi on the hyponychium with dermoscopic features of longitudinal brush pigmentation in children
Authors: Lee Jongeun , Bae Jaihee , Lee Dongyoun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe dermoscopic features of longitudinally aligned pigmentation on the hyponychium were previously described in pediatric patients with longitudinal melanonychia. We report four cases of biopsy‐proven acral melanocytic nevi on the hyponychium with a longitudinal brush pigmentation (LBP) pattern in dermoscopy. This LBP pattern on the hyponychium may be a counterpart of the fibrillar pattern of acral melanocytic nevi. Therefore, the LBP pattern in dermoscopy may provide a useful clue for distinguishing benign melanocytic nevi from melanoma in pediatric patients.
Disseminated and recurrent infundibulofolliculitis in children in Mexico
Authors: Sánchez‐Cárdenas Carlos Daniel , Vega‐Memije María Elisa , Flores‐Gavilán Paola , Romero Marina , Arenas Roberto , Sánchez Ramon L. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDisseminated and recurrent infundibulofolliculitis is an uncommon non‐infectious skin eruption characterized by recurrent, sometimes pruritic, follicular papules commonly seen on the trunk and proximal extremities. We describe the clinical, dermoscopic, and histopathologic characteristics of disseminated and recurrent infundibulofolliculitis in three young pediatric patients from the tropical regions of Mexico, Guerrero, and Chiapas.
Varieties of skeptical invariantism II
Authors: Kyriacou Christos 
Published: September 2021

AbstarctIn the first installment of Varieties of Skeptical Invariantism, we set the scene for subsequent discussion with Unger's (1975) modern classic of global skepticism and distinguished three varieties of skeptical invariantism in recent literature: traditional skeptical invariantism, fallibilist science‐based skepticism and practical skepticism. We then presented fallibilist science‐based skepticism, that is, the position that relaxes the stringency of the standard of knowledge but still questions parts of our everyday knowledge on the basis of scientific reasons. In particular, we presented Frances’ (2005) ‘live’ skepticism and Hannon's (forthcoming) ‘hard‐hitting’ skepticism. In this second installment, we present the two other varieties of skeptical invariantism we identified: traditional skepticism (high‐standard and infallibilist) that respects all three commitments (intellectualism, invariantism, stringency) and practical skepticism that questions the intellectualist commitment.
Mutagenicity Profile Induced by UVB Light in Human Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group C Cells†
Authors: Quintero‐Ruiz Nathalia , Corradi Camila , Moreno Natália Cestari , de Souza Tiago Antonio , Pereira Castro Ligia , Rocha Clarissa Ribeiro Reily , Menck Carlos Frederico Martins 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNucleotide excision repair (NER) is one of the main pathways for genome protection against structural DNA damage caused by sunlight, which in turn is extensively related to skin cancer development. The mutation spectra induced by UVB were investigated by whole‐exome sequencing of randomly selected clones of NER‐proficient and XP‐C‐deficient human skin fibroblasts. As a model, a cell line unable to recognize and remove lesions (XP‐C) was used and compared to the complemented isogenic control (COMP). As expected, a significant increase of mutagenesis was observed in irradiated XP‐C cells, mainly C>T transitions, but also CC>TT and C>A base substitutions. Remarkably, the C>T mutations occur mainly at the second base of dipyrimidine sites in pyrimidine‐rich sequence contexts, with 5′TC sequence the most mutated. Although T>N mutations were also significantly increased, they were not directly related to pyrimidine dimers. Moreover, the large‐scale study of a single UVB irradiation on XP‐C cells allowed recovering the typical mutation spectrum found in human skin cancer tumors. Eventually, the data may be used for comparison with the mutational profiles of skin tumors obtained from XP‐C patients and may help to understand the mutational process in nonaffected individuals.
Distribution of major clonal lineages EU_13_A2, EU_2_A1, and EU_23_A1 of Phytophthora infestans associated with potato late blight across crop seasons and regions in Algeria
Authors: Beninal Lyes , Bouznad Zouaoui , Corbière Roselyne , Belkhiter Sihem , Mabon Romain , Taoutaou Abdelmoumen , Keddad Abdelaziz , Runno‐Paurson Eve , Andrivon Didier 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPotato is one of the most important agricultural crops in Algeria and worldwide. Each year, potato late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans, is responsible for significant damage that leads to large production losses, and is thus a direct threat to food security in Algeria. In this study, 131 isolates of P. infestans and 92 DNA fingerprints captured on FTA cards were sampled from commercial and seed production fields in three major potato production regions (western, eastern, and central) during the main‐season and late‐season in Algeria over six cropping seasons (2010–2016). Genotypes of P. infestans and population genetic diversity were analysed using a 17‐plex simple‐sequence repeat (SSR) marker assay, and the mating type of all isolates was characterized. Both mating types (A1 and A2) were found, and often occurred in the same field. Differences in mating type proportion were observed between regions and between sampling periods. Analysis with SSR markers showed the prevalence of the EU_13_A2 lineage (70%) over EU_2_A1 (16%), EU_23_A1 (10%), and 4% of unknown multilocus lineage (MLL). The EU_13_A2 showed differentiation within the group. EU_23_A1 was found mainly in late‐season crops. However, the cropping region did not influence the distribution of lineages due to the dispersal of the pathogen in Algeria by seeds. Genetic structure did not reveal a clear variation in distribution of the three lineages throughout the sampling regions. These data provide important new information on the composition and change over time of P. infestans populations in Algeria and open the way for a better understanding of the local epidemiology of this important pathogen.
Biological and molecular characterization of two closely related carlaviruses affecting brassica plants
Authors: Oliveira Agatha M. , Rodrigues Leilane K. , Chabi‐Jesus Camila , Chaves Alexandre L. R. , Kitajima Elliot W. , Harakava Ricardo , Banguela‐Castillo Alexander , Ramos‐González Pedro L. , Eiras Marcelo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCarlaviruses are plant‐infecting viruses with flexuous filamentous particles of approximately 650 nm in length and a positive single‐stranded hexacistronic RNA molecule as the genome. In this study, we analysed 14 samples of brassicas plants, reportedly affected by carlaviruses, that were collected in distant and edaphoclimatic distinct regions in Brazil. The genomes of four viral isolates detected in leaf kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) plants displayed the typical genomic organization of carlaviruses, subdivided into two contrasting identity profiles. Isolates T25, T107, and T110 showed a higher sequence identity among them (c.93%) than with T90 (c.67%), which had the highest nucleotide sequence identity (85.2%) with the only documented genomic fragment, approximately 1 kb of the RNA 3′‐end, of cole latent virus (CoLV). Identity values among the other three isolates and CoLV were consistently lower than 78.6%. Nucleotide and amino acid sequence identity values of the replicase cistron of the isolates T25 and T90 are below the threshold for species demarcation in the genus Carlavirus. Upon mechanical transmission, these two isolates induced different symptoms in brassicas and solanaceous plants. Overall, data indicated that these viruses belong to two related but distinct species of carlaviruses. While T90 was recognized as an isolate of CoLV, the remaining isolates were considered members of a new tentative carlavirus named Cole mild mosaic virus (CoMMV). Current work provides convincing support for the taxonomic status of the species Cole latent virus, enlarges the known diversity of carlaviruses, and makes available new molecular tools to improve surveys of brassica‐infecting viruses.
Volatility transmission and volatility impulse response functions in the main and the satellite Renminbi exchange rate markets
Authors: Funke Michael , Loermann Julius , Tsang Andrew 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe contributions of this paper are two‐fold, one methodological and the other substantive. First, we propose a novel way of estimating volatility impulse response functions (VIRF) employing the Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm. As a useful byproduct, the associated confidence bands can be constructed. Second, we analyze volatility spillovers between the on‐ and offshore Renminbi exchange rates toward the US dollar. The VIRF show that the satellite CNH exchange rate promptly reflects the global market demand and supply, while the main CNY exchange rate reacts with a time lag.
Language, culture, gender, and intersectionalities in suicide theory, research, and prevention: Challenges and changes
Authors: Canetto Silvia Sara 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOver the decades suicidology has experienced many challenges and changes. Language, culture, gender, and intersectionalities of experience have been domains of challenge and change. In this article I document my contributions to suicidology’s transformation in these domains. These contributions include challenging stigmatizing and biased suicide‐language (e.g., expressions like “successful” and “failed” suicide); questioning gender myths of suicidal behaviors (e.g., the myth that women and men are opposites in terms of suicide motives); the gender‐paradox‐of‐suicide idea; and suicide‐scripts theory and research. I then describe the evolution of suicide‐scripts theory. Suicide‐scripts theory builds on evidence that in each culture there are unique situations when suicidal behavior is expected from specific people, using specific methods, and with specific social consequences. The theory posits that these scripts contribute to variations in suicidality across cultures, and within cultures, across sociodemographic groups, intersectionally. Studies using a diversity of methodologies and focusing on a diversity of sociodemographic groups and cultures point to the role of suicide scripts in suicidality. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications, for suicide prevention, of suicide‐scripts theory and evidence.
Incorporation or Quasi‐Incorporation? A Constructionist Account in Persian
Authors: Bahrami‐Khorshid Sahar , Ghorbanpour Amir 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNoun incorporation is generally defined as a word formation process in which a noun, typically the direct object, is incorporated into the verb to form a compound verb. The present study, adopting a Construction Morphology perspective, examines the characteristics of the so‐called incorporative structure in Persian, to shed light on the process and to see as what kind of structure it can actually be regarded. Construction Morphology is a lexeme‐based theory taking the words as the starting point of morphological analysis. It makes use of the notion of “construction”, which is defined as a pairing of form and meaning, to describe the properties of complex words. Examining the characteristics of the incorporative structures in Persian makes it clear that these NV sequences form compounds with a specific constructional meaning that often denotes a nameworthy and conventional activity. The qualities examined suggest that this process in Persian and the resulting structure can best be analysed as a case of quasi‐incorporation, schematised as [N0 V0]V0, rather than a purely morphological incorporation.
Finite Element Modeling of Powder Bed Fusion at Part Scale by a Super-Layer Deposition Method Based on Level Set and Mesh Adaptation
Authors: Zhang Yancheng , Gandin Charles-André , Bellet Michel 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A super-layer deposition method is developed for 3D macroscopic finite element modeling of heat transfer at part scale during the powder bed fusion (PBF) process. The proposed super-layer strategy consists of the deposition of batches of several layers. The main consideration is to deal with the effective heating times and with the inter-layer dwell time in a reasonable way. The material is deposited at once for each super-layer thanks to level set and mesh adaptation methods, while the energy input is prescribed, either by respecting the layer-by-layer thermal cycle or in a single thermal load. The level set method is used twice: first to track the interface between gas and the successive super-layers of powder bed and second to track the interface between the part in construction and the nonexposed powder. To preserve simulation accuracy, adaptive remeshing is used to maintain a fine mesh near the evolving construction front during the process. Simulation results obtained by means of this super-layer method are presented and discussed by comparison with those obtained by layer-by-layer strategy, considered here as a reference. It is shown that, when respecting certain conditions, temperature evolutions and distributions approaching the reference ones can be obtained with significant savings on computation time. Assessment is first performed on simple part, then on a more complex configuration.