bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Securitising Seniors Housing: The Financialisation of Real Estate and Social Reproduction in Retirement and Long‐Term Care Homes
Authors: August Martine 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe financialisation of seniors housing has reshaped Canadian long‐term care homes (LTCs) and retirement communities since the 1990s. Investors have flocked to profit from the demographic “grey wave” driving demand. Financialised firms (private equity, institutions, publicly listed companies, and real estate investment trusts) have consolidated ownership of 33% of seniors housing (22% and 42% of LTCs and retirement homes). Facilitated by neoliberal healthcare reforms, welfare state restructuring, and the privatisation of social reproduction, the business strategies of financial firms rely on the dual nature of seniors housing as both (1) real estate, and (2) an operating business (delivering hospitality and healthcare services). As real estate, firms profit from repositioning properties and by raising rents. As an operating business, firms raise revenues by adding on escalating private‐pay healthcare and hospitality fees over time; and cut expenses by extracting more value from the socially reproductive labour of care workers, who are largely precariously employed, racialised women.
Self‐efficacy latent growth trajectories' longitudinal links with achievement and interest: Both baseline and growth rate are important for interest outcomes
Authors: Fryer Luke K. , Bovee H. Nicholas , Nakao Kaori 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundSelf‐efficacy beliefs have well established theoretical and empirical linkages to persistence and achievement. Budding theoretical and recent empirical research has worked to connect self‐efficacy to interest. Building on research in these areas, burgeoning research has begun to examine the relative role of intercept and slope of self‐efficacy for these learning outcomes.AimsThis study builds on and extends previous research by testing the longitudinal implications of self‐efficacy beliefs' latent growth for knowledge and interest gains.MethodsThese aims were addressed by testing a fully forward, latent SEM, which included a latent growth curve (self‐efficacy beliefs' for a course of study) framed by pre–post standardized tests and measures of individual interest in the domain. This research was undertaken in the motivationally challenging context of a compulsory foreign language university programme in western Japan. First‐ and second‐year students from 10 faculties participated (n =1,184) across a single semester, resulting in seven separate data points.ResultThe SEM confirms the important longitudinal roles of self‐efficacy beliefs' intercept within achievement, and both intercept and slope within future interest. Findings support and extend recent latent curve analysis with similar variables, lending further support to the critical role played by self‐efficacy beliefs' within the development not only of knowledge but also of individual interest as a learning outcome.
Posterior musculofascial reconstruction in robot‐assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy for the treatment of clinically localised prostate cancer: a Cochrane Review
Authors: Rosenberg Joel E. , Jung Jae Hung , Lee Hunju , Lee Solam , Bakker Caitlin J. , Dahm Philipp 
Published: November 2021

ObjectivesTo assess the effects of posterior musculofascial reconstruction robot‐assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (PR‐RALP) compared to no PR during standard RALP (S‐RALP) for the treatment of clinically localised prostate cancer.Patients and MethodsWe performed a systematic search with no restrictions including randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing variations of PR‐RALP vs S‐RALP for clinically localised prostate cancer. The quality of evidence was assessed on outcome basis according to Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Our search identified 13 records of eight unique RCTs, of which six were published studies, and two were abstract proceedings. There were 1085 randomised patients, of whom 963 completed the trials. All patients had either cT1c or cT2 or cT3a disease.ResultsA PR‐RALP may improve urinary continence 1 week after catheter removal compared to no PR (risk ratio [RR] 1.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.90–1.73; I2 = 42%, five studies, 498 patients, low certainty of evidence [CoE]). A PR‐RALP may have little to no effect on urinary continence 3 months after surgery compared to no PR (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.84–1.14; I2 = 67%, six studies, 842 patients, low CoE). A PR‐RALP probably results in little to no difference in serious adverse events compared to no PR (RR 0.75, 95% CI 0.29–1.92; I2 = 0%, six studies, 835 patients, moderate CoE).ConclusionsThis review found evidence that PR‐RALP may improve early continence 1 week after catheter removal but not thereafter. Meanwhile, adverse event rates are probably not impacted and positive surgical margin rates are likely similar. There was no difference in our subgroup analysis for all outcomes with anterior reconstruction technique when combined with PR vs only PR.
Sphingosine‐1‐phosphate/TGF‐β axis drives epithelial mesenchymal transition in asthma‐like disease
Authors: Riemma Maria A. , Cerqua Ida , Romano Barbara , Irollo Elena , Bertolino Antonio , Camerlingo Rosa , Granato Elisabetta , Rea Giuseppina , Scala Stefania , Terlizzi Michela , Spaziano Giuseppe , Sorrentino Rosalinda , D'Agostino Bruno , Roviezzo Fiorentina , Cirino Giuseppe 
Published: November 2021

Background and PurposeAirway remodelling is a critical feature of chronic lung diseases. Epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) represents an important source of myofibroblasts, contributing to airway remodelling. Here, we investigated the sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P) role in EMT and its involvement in asthma‐related airway dysfunction.Experimental ApproachA549 cells were used to assess the S1P effect on EMT and its interaction with TGF‐β signalling. To assess the S1P role in vivo and its impact on lung function, two experimental models of asthma were used by exposing BALB/c mice to subcutaneous administration of either S1P or ovalbumin (OVA).Key ResultsFollowing incubation with TGF‐β or S1P, A549 acquire a fibroblast‐like morphology associated with an increase of mesenchymal markers and down‐regulation of the epithelial. These effects are reversed by treatment with the TGF‐β receptor antagonist LY2109761. Systemic administration of S1P to BALB/c mice induces asthma‐like disease characterized by mucous cell metaplasia and increased levels of TGF‐β, IL‐33 and FGF‐2 within the lung. The bronchi harvested from S1P‐treated mice display bronchial hyperresponsiveness associated with overexpression of the mesenchymal and fibrosis markers and reduction of the epithelial.The S1P‐induced switch from the epithelial toward the mesenchymal pattern correlates to a significant increase of lung resistance and fibroblast activation. TGF‐β blockade, in S1P‐treated mice, abrogates these effects. Finally, inhibition of sphingosine kinases by SK1‐II in OVA‐sensitized mice, abrogates EMT, pulmonary TGF‐β up‐regulation, fibroblasts recruitment and airway hyperresponsiveness.Conclusion and ImplicationsTargeting S1P/TGF‐β axis may hold promise as a feasible therapeutic target to control airway dysfunction in asthma.
Convallatoxin inhibits IL‐1β production by suppressing zinc finger protein 91 (ZFP91)‐mediated pro‐IL‐1β ubiquitination and caspase‐8 inflammasome activity
Authors: Xing Yue , Wang Jing Ying , Li Ming Yue , Zhang Zhi Hong , Jin Hong Lan , Zuo Hong Xiang , Ma Juan , Jin Xuejun 
Published: November 2021

Background and PurposeZFP91 positively regulates IL‐1β production in macrophages and may be a potential therapeutic target to treat inflammatory‐related diseases. We investigated whether this process is modulated by convallatoxin, which is a cardiac glycoside isolated from the traditional Chinese medicinal plant Adonis amurensis Regel et Radde.Experimental ApproachIn vitro, the mechanisms by which convallatoxin inhibits ZFP91‐regulated IL‐1β expression were investigated using molecular docking, western blotting, RT‐PCR, ELISA, immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation assays.In vivo, mice liver injury was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of D‐GalN and LPS, colitis was induced by oral administration of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water and peritonitis was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of alum.Key ResultsWe confirmed that convallatoxin inhibited the release of IL‐1β by down‐regulating ZFP91. Importantly, we found that convallatoxin significantly reduced K63‐linked polyubiquitination of pro‐IL‐1β regulated by ZFP91 and decreased the efficacy of pro‐IL‐1β cleavage. Moreover, convallatoxin suppressed ZFP91‐mediated activation of the non‐canonical cysteine‐requiring aspartate protease‐8 (caspase‐8) inflammasome and MAPK signalling pathways in macrophages. Furthermore, we showed that ZFP91 promoted the assembly of the caspase‐8 inflammasome complex, whereas convallatoxin treatment reversed this result. Mice in vivo studies further demonstrated that convallatoxin ameliorated D‐GalN/LPS‐induced liver injury, DSS‐induced colitis and alum‐induced peritonitis by down‐regulating ZFP91.Conclusion and ImplicationsWe show for the first time that convallatoxin‐mediated inhibition of ZFP91 is an important regulatory event that prevents inappropriate inflammatory responses to maintain immune homeostasis. This mechanism provides new insight for the development of convallatoxin as a novel anti‐inflammatory drug targeting ZFP91.LINKED ARTICLESThis article is part of a themed issue on Inflammation, Repair and Ageing. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v179.9/issuetoc
Strategy design for New Public Governance and horizontal initiatives
Authors: Taylor Emily , Schwartz Robert , Trowbridge Joslyn , Di Ruggiero Erica , Sullivan Terry , Marchildon Gregory , Dobrow Mark , Finegood Diane , Price Alex 
Published: November 2021

AbstractGovernments deploy comprehensive strategies to address complex social problems with various New Public Governance and horizontal initiatives. Minimal attention, however, has focused on developing evidence‐informed strategy design for such initiatives. Using a systematic literature review, five strategy design principles were identified: 1) proper selection of interventions; 2) system enablers; 3) a guiding purpose; 4) substantive political commitment; and 5) joined‐up governance. Three case studies including document review and interviews tested strategy design principles. Empirical work supported, expanded, and further refined these principles. Application of these principles would likely contribute to improving the success of horizontal strategy initiatives. Real‐world political pressures and public administration constraints can be somewhat alleviated through learnings from well‐designed strategies and experiences.
Addition of oral fexofenadine to topical therapy leads to a significantly greater reduction in the serum interleukin-31 levels in mild to moderate paediatric atopic dermatitis
Authors: Ningombam A. , Handa S. , Srivastava N. , Mahajan R. , De D. 
Published: November 2021

Summary

Background
Recent evidence has suggested that oral antihistamines could have a beneficial role in atopic dermatitis (AD) because of their anti-inflammatory action.

Aim
To evaluate the effectiveness of adding an oral second-generation, nonsedating, H1-receptor antihistamine (fexofenadine) to topical treatment in AD.

Methods
In this prospective randomized study, 50 patients with a diagnosis of mild to moderate AD were recruited and randomized into two groups: Group A was given appropriate topical treatment (topical tacrolimus 0.03–0.1% ointment once daily along with topical fluticasone propionate 0.05% cream once daily, as well as paraffin-based emollients) combined with oral fexofenadine, while Group B was given appropriate topical treatment only. Both groups received the respective treatments for 8 weeks.

Results
There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the SCORing Atopic Dermatitis and the 5-dimensions Itch Scale at any of the time points (Weeks 2, 4 and 8). However, in the fexofenadine group, the level of serum interleukin (IL)-31 decreased significantly from baseline to Week 8 of treatment.

Conclusions
Although we could not conclusively confirm the clinical efficacy of adding oral fexofenadine to topical treatment in AD, serological evaluation indicates that fexofenadine treatment can lead to significant lowering of serum IL-31 levels in patients with AD.
Predictors of reunification and other types of exit for maltreated children using shelter services in Serbia
Authors: Žunić‐Pavlović Vesna , Milosavljević‐Đukić Ivana , Glumbić Nenad 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis article reports the results of the first study in Serbia on factors (child, family and case) for different exit types for children admitted to out‐of‐home care. Case files of 154 children admitted to the Shelter for Urgent Protection of Children from Abuse and Neglect over a 5‐year period were analysed. After the shelter, less than a third of the children returned to their biological parents. The findings revealed that different constellations of child, family and case characteristics predict reunification and placement in a relative or foster family or in a group home. No significant predictors were noted for inadequate accommodation. The results of this study showed that although the patterns of reunification were very similar to those in other countries, there were differences that reflected the specifics of child welfare policy in Serbia.
Similar pattern, different paths: tracing the biogeographical history of Megaloptera (Insecta: Neuropterida) using mitochondrial phylogenomics
Authors: Jiang Yunlan , Yue Lu , Yang Fan , Gillung Jessica P. , Winterton Shaun L. , Price Benjamin W. , Contreras‐Ramos Atilano , Hayashi Fumio , Aspöck Ulrike , Aspöck Horst , Yeates David K. , Yang Ding , Liu Xingyue 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe sequential breakup of the supercontinent Pangaea since the Middle Jurassic is one of the crucial factors that has driven the biogeographical patterns of terrestrial biotas. Despite decades of effort searching for concordant patterns between diversification and continental fragmentation among taxonomic groups, increasing evidence has revealed more complex and idiosyncratic scenarios resulting from a mixture of vicariance, dispersal and extinction. Aquatic insects with discreet ecological requirements, low vagility and disjunct distributions represent a valuable model for testing biogeographical hypotheses by reconstructing their distribution patterns and temporal divergences. Insects of the order Megaloptera have exclusively aquatic larvae, their adults have low vagility, and the group has a highly disjunct geographical distribution. Here we present a comprehensive phylogeny of Megaloptera based on a large‐scale mitochondrial genome sequencing of 99 species representing >90% of the world genera from all major biogeographical regions. Molecular dating suggests that the deep divergence within Megaloptera pre‐dates the breakup of Pangaea. Subsequently, the intergeneric divergences within Corydalinae (dobsonflies), Chauliodinae (fishflies) and Sialidae (alderflies) might have been driven by both vicariance and dispersal correlated with the shifting continent during the Cretaceous, but with strikingly different and incongruent biogeographical signals. The austral distribution of many corydalids appears to be a result of colonization from Eurasia through southward dispersal across Europe and Africa during the Cretaceous, whereas a nearly contemporaneous dispersal via northward rafting of Gondwanan landmasses may account for the colonization of extant Eurasian alderflies from the south.
Stakeholders from diverse backgrounds make similar judgments about ecological condition and collapse in Mongolian rangelands
Authors: Batpurev Khorloo , Sinclair Steve J. , Avirmed Otgonsuren , Scroggie Michael P. , Olson Kirk , White Matthew D. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractComplex socio‐ecological problems typically involve a variety of stakeholders, with viewpoints that may range between consensus and deep disagreement over values and judgments. Understanding this distribution of opinion is key to finding conservation solutions. We examine how stakeholders with widely different backgrounds vary in their judgments of rangeland degradation in Mongolia's Gobi Desert, where grazing intensity is a contested issue. We gathered the judgments of 92 stakeholders from a highly diverse group including: (i) nomadic pastoralists (herders), (ii) experts in botany, (iii) experts in wildlife ecology, and (iv) conservation policy practitioners. These stakeholders considered degradation in five ecosystems including Desert shrublands, Steppe, and Siberian Elm riparian woodlands, using written site descriptions in a workshop context. Each stakeholder considered degradation using two conceptual frameworks: the notion of “ecosystem collapse” described by the IUCN Red List of Ecosystems and the concept of ecological condition. We used generalized additive models (GAMs) to examine the relationship between vegetation attributes and stakeholder judgments of condition. Although individual stakeholder varied in their judgments, we found only relatively small systematic variations between different types of stakeholders. Similarly, we found the degree of specialization of experts had little effect on the condition score. We also used GAMs to examine the relationship between vegetation attributes and stakeholder judgments of collapse, finding little variation between groups. We also explored the threshold of overall vegetation cover where stakeholders are likely to shift their judgment from collapsed to not collapsed, and while differences between ecosystems were observed, we found consensus between the different stakeholder groups within each ecosystem. Our results suggest that, at least in the context of the Southern Mongolia, diverse stakeholder groups have convergent views in respect to ecological degradation.
Partitioning beta diversity to untangle mechanisms underlying the assembly of bird communities in Mediterranean olive groves
Authors: García‐Navas Vicente , Martínez‐Núñez Carlos , Tarifa Rubén , Molina‐Pardo José L. , Valera Francisco , Salido Teresa , Camacho Francisco M. , Rey Pedro J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimWe investigated taxonomic and functional beta diversity of bird communities inhabiting Mediterranean olive groves subject to either intensive or low‐intensity management of the ground cover and located in landscapes with different degrees of complexity.LocationAndalusia, southern Spain.MethodsWe partitioned taxonomic and functional beta diversity into its two additive components, turnover and nestedness. We also explored the contributions of single sites to overall beta diversity (LCBD) and separated the effects of species replacement (turnover) and richness difference (nestedness) in order to identify ecologically unique sites—keystone communities—within the metacommunity. In a further step, we employed abundance‐ and functional‐based indicator species analyses to characterize bird assemblages.ResultsTaxonomic beta diversity increased with landscape complexity. Although both taxonomic and functional differences among assemblages were driven mainly by species replacement (regardless of management or landscape type), the contribution of trait replacement to the total functional beta diversity was much lower, suggesting that species performing similar functions replace each other between sites. There were no differences in LCBD between management types or categories of landscape complexity, but the contributions of sites to beta diversity decreased as the percentage cover of olive groves increased. Species richness was also important in explaining variation in LCBD as species‐poor sites tended to contribute the most to the local‐to‐regional beta diversity. However, some farms displayed high values of LCBD due to the existence of a high replacement component, indicating that some species recorded in these sites were scarce elsewhere. The indicator species analyses revealed that the woodchat shrike Lanius senator may constitute an excellent indicator of biodiversity in this agro‐forestry system.Main conclusionsOur results show that agricultural expansion promotes biotic homogenization and exemplify how the identification of both keystone species and communities can represent a powerful tool for the management of anthropized landscapes.
Land‐use changes conservation network of an endangered primate (Rhinopithecus bieti) in the past 30 years in China
Authors: Su Xukun , Shen Yu , Zhou Wei , Liu Yuqing , Cheng Hao , Yang Murong , Zhou Su , Zhao Junyan , Wan Lingfan , Liu Guohua 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimThis study aims to propose a conservation network that contains suitable habitat and connectivity corridors for mitigation due to habitat transformation and fragmentation of Yunnan snub‐nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus bieti). Further, we also aim to understand the effects of land‐use changes on the conservation network of R. bieti from 1990 to 2020.LocationThree Parallel Rivers Region (TPRR) on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP) of China.MethodsWe used a GIS‐based niche model to predict habitat suitability and extracted highly suitable habitats with an area above 30 km2 as potential core habitats (PCH patches). We designed a normalized importance value index (NIVI) to select PCH patches with the top 5 NIVI values designated as priority protection habitats (PPHs), and we selected a circuit model to build connectivity corridors among PPHs and five protected areas (PAs) from 1990 to 2020.ResultsUnsuitable areas and lowly suitable habitats increased 69.3 and 46.8 km2, respectively, from 1990 to 2020. In particular, the area of PPHs dramatically decreased from 212.1 km2 in 1990 to 101.6 km2 in 2020. Average length of connectivity corridors among PCH patches and PPHs decreased from 75.9 km in 1990 to 56.8 km in 2020.Main conclusionHabitat loss and fragmentation are common phenomena as evidenced by decreasing in highly and moderately suitable habitats of R. bieti and increasing in lowly suitable habitats and unsuitable areas. Five PAs are central to build a conservation network and to protect populations and wild groups of R. bieti. Land use changes the conservation network of R. bieti in the past 30 years. Based on re‐planning boundaries of PAs to incorporate all protection network of R. bieti, it has practical significance to re‐adjust the system of PAs that conservation network of R. bieti should be as fundamental management unit for PA development.