bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visual echocardiographic scoring system of the left ventricular filling pressure and outcomes of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Murayama Michito , Iwano Hiroyuki , Obokata Masaru , Harada Tomonari , Omote Kazunori , Kagami Kazuki , Tsujinaga Shingo , Chiba Yasuyuki , Ishizaka Suguru , Motoi Ko , Tamaki Yoji , Aoyagi Hiroyuki , Nakabachi Masahiro , Nishino Hisao , Yokoyama Shinobu , Tanemura Asuka , Okada Kazunori , Kaga Sanae , Nishida Mutsumi , Nagai Toshiyuki , Kurabayashi Masahiko , Anzai Toshihisa 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Aims
Elevated left ventricular filling pressure (LVFP) is a powerful indicator of worsening clinical outcomes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF); however, detection of elevated LVFP is often challenging. This study aimed to determine the association between the newly proposed echocardiographic LVFP parameter, visually assessed time difference between the mitral valve and tricuspid valve opening (VMT) score, and clinical outcomes of HFpEF.

Methods and results
We retrospectively investigated 310 well-differentiated HFpEF patients in stable conditions. VMT was scored from 0 to 3 using two-dimensional echocardiographic images, and VMT ≥2 was regarded as a sign of elevated LVFP. The primary endpoint was a composite of cardiac death or heart failure hospitalization during the 2 years after the echocardiographic examination. In all patients, Kaplan–Meier curves showed that VMT ≥2 (n = 54) was associated with worse outcomes than the VMT ≤1 group (n = 256) (P &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, VMT ≥2 was associated with worse outcomes when tested in 100 HFpEF patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) (P = 0.026). In the adjusted model, VMT ≥2 was independently associated with the primary outcome (hazard ratio 2.60, 95% confidence interval 1.46–4.61; P = 0.001). Additionally, VMT scoring provided an incremental prognostic value over clinically relevant variables and diastolic function grading (χ2 10.8–16.3, P = 0.035).

Conclusions
In patients with HFpEF, the VMT score was independently and incrementally associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Moreover, it could also predict clinical outcomes in HFpEF patients with AF.
Right heart chambers geometry and function in patients with the atrial and the ventricular phenotypes of functional tricuspid regurgitation
Authors: Florescu Diana R , Muraru Denisa , Florescu Cristina , Volpato Valentina , Caravita Sergio , Perger Elisa , Bălșeanu Tudor A , Parati Gianfranco , Badano Luigi P 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Aims
Atrial functional tricuspid regurgitation (A-FTR) is a recently defined phenotype of functional tricuspid regurgitation (FTR) associated with persistent/permanent atrial fibrillation. Differently from the classical ventricular form of FTR (V-FTR), patients with A-FTR might present with severely dilated right atrium and tricuspid annulus (TA), and with preserved right ventricular (RV) size and systolic function. However, the geometry and function of the right ventricle, right atrium, and TA in patients with A-FTR and V-FTR remain to be systematically evaluated. Accordingly, we sought to: (i) study the geometry and function of the right ventricle, right atrium, and TA in A-FTR by two- and three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography; and (ii) compare them with those found in V-FTR.

Methods and results
We prospectively analysed 113 (44 men, age 68 ± 18 years) FTR patients (A-FTR = 55 and V-FTR = 58) that were compared to two groups of age- and sex-matched controls to develop the respective Z-scores. Severity of FTR was similar in A-FTR and V-FTR patients. Z-scores of RV size were significantly larger, and those of RV function were significantly lower in V-FTR than in A-FTR (P &lt; 0.001 for all). The right atrium was significantly enlarged in both A-FTR and V-FTR compared to controls (P &lt; 0.001, Z-scores &gt; 2), with similar right atrial (RA) maximum volume (RAVmax) between A-FTR and V-FTR (P = 0.2). Whereas, the RA minimum volumes (RAVmin) were significantly larger in A-FTR than in V-FTR (P = 0.001).

Conclusion
Despite similar degrees of FTR and RAVmax size, A-FTR patients show larger RAVmin and smaller TA areas than V-FTR patients. Conversely, V-FTR patients show dilated, more elliptic and dysfunctional right ventricle than A-FTR patients.
Novel Insights From Interviewer Assessments of Personal Attributes, Home Environment, and Residential Context in NSHAP
Authors: Riley Alicia R , Waite Linda J , Cagney Kathleen A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objectives
This study was aimed to describe the interviewer-assessed measures present in the 2015/2016 Round of National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP), outline strengths of interviewer-assessed measures, and explore how interviewer assessments in the domains of home environment and personal characteristics are associated with older adult health.

Method
Data come from the 2015/2016 Round of the NSHAP.

Results
We provide descriptive results from the interviewer assessments of personal attributes, indoor home environment, and outdoor residential context. We present an illustrative analysis of reports of falls, a health outcome that might be predicted by characteristics assessed by the interviewer, and we suggest directions for further research.

Discussion
Interviewer assessments collected in NSHAP are useful as proxy measures and can be used in combination with respondent’s reports and ecological measures to generate insights into healthy aging.
Subjective Age and Late-Life Functional Status: Mediating and Moderating Effects
Authors: Petashnick Joel R , Shrira Amit , Hoffman Yaakov , Palgi Yuval , Kavé Gitit , Shmotkin Dov 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objectives
This study examined the longitudinal relationships between subjective age (SA) and future functional status in later life, via depressive symptoms. Additionally, we assessed the role of subjective nearness to death (SNtD) as a potential moderator within these pathways.

Methods
Older adults (average age 81.14 years at T1) were interviewed once a year for 3 consecutive years (N = 224 at T1, N = 178 at T2, and N = 164 at T3). Participants reported their SA, SNtD, depressive symptoms, and functional status. Additionally, grip strength was employed as an objective measure of functional status.

Results
Data analysis revealed distinct pathways leading from T1 SA to T3 functional status through T2 depressive symptoms. Moreover, T1 SNtD was found to significantly moderate most of these indirect pathways, so that the mediation model of T1 SA–T2 depressive symptoms–T3 functional status was mostly significant among those who felt closer to death.

Discussion
The findings contribute to our understanding of the underlying mechanism through which SA predicts long-term functioning sequelae by underscoring the indirect effect of depressive symptoms. They further indicate the importance of gauging the effects of SNtD on these longitudinal relationships. Present results may further contribute to establishing an integrative model for predicting long-term functional outcomes based on older adults’ earlier subjective views of aging.
Social Work Care in Traumatic Brain Injury and Substance Use Disorder Treatment: A Capacity-Building Model
Authors: Coxe Kathryn A. , Pence Erica K. , Kagotho Njeri 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Co-occurring traumatic brain injury (TBI) and substance use disorders (SUD) are a major public health concern, yet TBI is often underrecognized within SUD treatment organizations. Social workers in these organizations are well positioned to deliver tailored treatment, but little is known about what social workers are doing to address the needs of these clients. The purpose of this study was to examine current social work practices in providing care to clients with co-occurring TBI and SUD. Using grounded theory methodology, authors conducted semistructured interviews with 17 licensed social workers employed in various SUD treatment settings. Transcript coding was conducted through an iterative process and data were analyzed using NVivo (version 12.0). Results demonstrated that social workers lack basic knowledge on the relationship between TBI and SUD. Additional barriers to providing care included lack of skills to identify history of TBI, lack of community resources, poor agency collaboration, and access-to-care restrictions. Social workers identified their primary roles as advocacy, care coordination, and serving on multidisciplinary teams. These results informed development of a capacity-building model, with recommendations for social work situated in each level of the socioecological framework. This study has important implications for building workforce capacity and collaborative care systems to improve client outcomes.
New insights into biodiversity, biogeography, ecology, and evolution of marine zooplankton based on molecular approaches
Authors: Bucklin Ann , Peijnenburg Katja T C A , Kosobokova Ksenia , Machida Ryuji J 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Marine zooplankton are key players in pelagic food webs, central links in ecosystem function, useful indicators of water masses, and rapid responders to environmental variation and climate change. Characterization of biodiversity of the marine zooplankton assemblage is complicated by many factors, including systematic complexity of the assemblage, with numerous rare and cryptic species, and high local-to-global ratios of species diversity. The papers in this themed article set document important advances in molecular protocols and procedures, integration with morphological taxonomic identifications, and quantitative analyses (abundance and biomass). The studies highlight several overarching conclusions and recommendations. A primary issue is the continuing need for morphological taxonomic experts, who can identify species and provide voucher specimens for reference sequence databases, which are essential for biodiversity analyses based on molecular approaches. The power of metabarcoding using multi-gene markers, including both DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) and RNA (Ribonucleic Acid)templates, is demonstrated. An essential goal is the accurate identification of species across all taxonomic groups of marine zooplankton, with particular concern for detection of rare, cryptic, and invasive species. Applications of molecular approaches include analysis of trophic relationships by metabarcoding of gut contents, as well as investigation of the underlying ecological and evolutionary forces driving zooplankton diversity and structure.
Indoor air quality test and air distribution CFD simulation in hospital consulting room
Authors: Yao Jiali , Zhong Jiachen , Yang Ning 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Reasonable air distribution is crucial to improve the air quality in hospital consulting room. Different air distribution schemes have certain effects on indoor temperature field, air flow field and particle concentration field. Based on a large general hospital project, this paper makes a subjective questionnaire survey and field test on indoor air quality of hospital buildings. Field test parameters include temperature, indoor air velocity, humidity, carbon dioxide and total volatile organic compound concentration. The results of the questionnaire survey show that a small number of people are not satisfied with the air quality in the hospital consulting room, and the concentration of carbon dioxide in some areas is high, which affects human health. The geometric model is established according to the test data, and the numerical simulation is carried out by CFD software to study the effects of three different air distribution. The research results show that the air distribution form of up-supply and side-return is more suitable for hospital consulting room and the air quality is better.
Functional Characterization of Two Antenna-Enriched Odorant-Binding Proteins FromBactrocera minax(Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: Chen Jian , Yang Ling , Tian Xiao-Li , Gui Lian-You , Wang Fu-Lian , Zhang Guo-Hui 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOlfaction is of great significance for insect mate-seeking and host-locating behaviors. Insect odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), especially those antenna-enriched OBPs, are thought to discriminate, capture and transport odorant molecules to olfactory receptors, but this has not been fully clarified in Bactrocera minax (Enderlein), an economically important pest of citrus crops. Our previous studies showed that seven OBP genes (BminOBP1-7) were identified from B. minax adults via a head transcriptome analysis, of which only BminOBP3 and 6 were highly expressed in antennae, suggesting an olfactory role. To confirm their functions, here, BminOBP3 and 6 were cloned, expressed in Escherichia coli cells. Binding properties of the recombinant BminOBPs with 13 volatiles, most of which can elicit a significant behavioral response from B. minax adults, were determined by fluorescent competitive binding assays. The results showed that Both BminOBP3 and 6 exhibited a remarkable selectivity towards the 13 ligands tested. BminOBP3 displayed strong binding affinity only with undecanol. BminOBP6 demonstrated strong binding affinity with undecanol and limonene among 13 ligands tested. Undecanol is believed to be main sex pheromone component of B. minax. Limonene is an important volatile compound enriched in citrus fruits. Taken together, we concluded that BminOBP3 and 6 may play a prominent role in the process of B. minax mate-seeking and host-locating behaviors through recognizing and transporting these volatiles. It is conceivable that this study will increase our molecular understanding of B. minax olfaction, facilitating the development of OBP-based behavioral interference that is potentially useful for the integrated management of B. minax.
A Brief Review ofResseliella citrifrugis(Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a Lesser-Known Destructive Citrus Fruit Pest
Authors: Xia Yulu , Ouyang Ge-Cheng , Takeuchi Yu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe gall midge, Resselielia citrifrugis Jiang (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), is a major citrus pest in China. The pest occurs widely in regions with tropical, subtropical, and temperate climates. Larvae feed inside the fruit, leading to premature fruit drop or damaged fruits. An infested fruit can have hundreds of larvae in it. The extent of losses varies, usually between 10 and 100%, depending on the grove management level. Resselielia citrifrugis hosts include common citrus varieties. China has no area-wide management program against the pest. Field pest management measures include grove sanitation, fruit bagging, and pesticide applications. This review identifies three scientific and technological gaps that need to be filled to protect the U.S. citrus industry from this pest. First, the taxonomical and systematic status of R. citrifrugis needs to be clarified and validated before the pest can be effectively regulated. Second, traps and/or lures for early detection of the pest need to be developed before the pest arrival. Third, pest risk mitigation measures against the pest need to be evaluated and strengthened.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (TB-LAMP) for Tuberculosis in Children
Authors: Promsena Pathariya , Jantarabenjakul Watsamon , Suntarattiwong Piyarat , Sudjaritruk Tavitiya , Anugulruengkitt Suvaporn , Rotcheewaphan Suwatchareeporn , Petsong Suthidee , Sawangsinth Panadda , Sophonphan Jiratchaya , Tawan Monta , Moonwong Juthamanee , Puthanakit Thanyawee 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
Diagnosing tuberculosis (TB) in children is challenging due to its paucibacillary nature. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (TB-LAMP) is a simple, rapid, and specific point-of-care molecular diagnostic test. However, evaluation of its performance remains limited in children. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of Eiken TB-LAMP among children with presumed tuberculosis disease.

Methods
Pulmonary and extrapulmonary specimens were collected from children under 18 years with presumed TB. Each specimen was tested by using TB-LAMP, acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear microscopy, and one of the two molecular assays (polymerase chain reaction [PCR] or Xpert MTB/RIF). Sensitivity and specificity were estimated compared to mycobacterial culture as reference standard.

Results
From January 2020 to January 2021, 75 participants with presumed TB were enrolled with median age of 7 years (IQR 2-12). Seventeen specimens from 16 (21.3%) children had bacteriologically confirmed TB: 10 pulmonary and 7 extrapulmonary specimens. Overall sensitivity and specificity of TB-LAMP was 76.5% (95% CI 50.1%-93.2%) and 100% (95% CI 94.3%-100%), respectively. It had significantly higher sensitivity than AFB (52.9%, 95% CI 27.8%-77.0%) and similar to other molecular assays; PCR 82.4% (95% CI 56.6%-96.2%), Xpert MTB/RIF 70.0% (95% CI 34.8%-93.3%). Sensitivity of TB-LAMP for pulmonary, lymph node tissue, and extrapulmonary fluid was 80% (95% CI 44.4%-97.5%), 100% (95% CI 39.8-100), and 33.3% (95% CI 0.8-90.6), respectively. TB-LAMP detected all smear-positive (N = 9) and 50% of smear-negative (N = 8) specimens.

Conclusions
TB-LAMP had higher sensitivity than AFB microscopy and accuracy similar to other molecular assays in both pulmonary and extrapulmonary specimens. These findings support using TB-LAMP as a point-of-care test in children.
An usually early presentation of peripheral arterial disease in a 30-year-old woman
Authors: Oye Herbert , Aslam Arham 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Peripheral vascular disease is commonly thought to be a disease of elderly patients. However, with certain environmental factors and predetermined genetics, it can present much earlier in life. This case report demonstrates a case of severe peripheral vascular disease in a 30-year-old woman with an 11-year history of smoking. We report the case of a 30-year-old woman who presented to our clinic with a 9-year history of peripheral vascular disease. She complained of worsening claudication in both lower extremities and intermittent pain at rest. A CT arteriogram was conducted and showed significant stenosis of both left and right iliac arteries, as well as stenosis of the distal aorta. In the setting of certain genetic and environmental factors, the presentation of peripheral vascular disease can occur significantly earlier in life.
A case report of ductal carcinoma of the breast metastasizing to the bowel
Authors: Jansen van Rensburg Anzel , Riddell Andrew 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting women. Frequent metastatic sites include liver, lungs and bone. Gastrointestinal metastases are a rare entity. We report a case of ductal carcinoma metastasizing to the sigmoid colon.
A 74-year female was found to have a mass at her sigmoid colon on surveillance colonoscopy. The initial histology showed poorly differentiated carcinoma. Further immunohistochemical staining revealed poorly differentiated metastatic ductal breast carcinoma 27 years after her primary breast cancer. She proceeded to resection and had an uneventful recovery. She remains alive with stable retroperitoneal lymph node and tail of pancreas metastatic disease.
Revisiting the Hebrew Definite Article: A Reference Hierarchy Model
Authors: Ross Jillian , Kim Jaeshil 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The presence of the article ha on Hebrew noun phrases has long been considered the signal for marking definiteness. Scholars have traditionally explained exceptional cases either within the category of definiteness or by genericity. Applying the cross-linguistically conceived ‘reference hierarchy model’ to ha-marked noun phrases in the Book of Judges has revealed that the article ha can also mark specificity, a referential category often associated with indefiniteness in the literature of Biblical Hebrew. In fact, many of Biblical Hebrew’s exceptions fall within this category. These exceptions display a pattern: the ha- marking for specificity is not determined by features within the noun phrase but rather outside of it. They are licensed by a small set of verb types, preposition and sentential moods.
On the Presence of the Andalusian Ḥayyūj’s Grammatical Theory in Abū al-Faraj Hārūn’s al-Kitāb al-Muštamil in the “East”
Authors: Basal Nasir 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The purpose of the present paper is to show that the prominent grammarian Abū al-Faraj Hārūn (AFH), head of the Karaite Majlis in Jerusalem (first half of the eleventh century CE) was acquainted with the grammatical theory of the important Andalusian grammarian Yehudah Ḥayyūj (d. c. 1010 CE in Cordoba), whose writings had reached the Arabic-speaking east at an early stage, not long after his death. AFH described the grammar of Biblical Hebrew according to the accepted Karaite method and the classical Arabic grammatical theory, but also mentioned Ḥayyūj explicitly by name, and mentioned the latter’s grammatical method in explanations of words in the Bible. In his al-Muštamil, especially in the chapters on the letters, AFH provided explanations using Ḥayyūj’s method; he did not copy Ḥayyūj’s words but described phonological and morphological phenomena in his own words, based on Ḥayyūj’s theory. In other words, we will show that AFH was the first in the Arabic-speaking east to have used Ḥayyūj’s grammatical terminology and concepts, examples and explanations.
Novel Internal Medicine Residency Ultrasound Curriculum Led by Critical Care and Emergency Medicine Staff
Authors: Geis Robert N , Kavanaugh Michael J , Palma James , Speicher Matthew , Kyle Adrianna , Croft James 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is an integral aspect of critical care and emergency medicine curriculums throughout the country, but it has been slow to integrate into internal medicine residency programs. POCUS has many benefits for internal medicine providers, guiding diagnostic decisions and aiding in procedures. Additionally, POCUS is a convenient and portable resource specifically for internal medicine providers in the military when practicing in deployed or critical care settings. Critical care and emergency medicine clinicians are excellent resources to lead these courses. We sought to develop a new POCUS curriculum for internal medicine residents within the Naval Medical Center Portsmouth Internal Medicine Residency program with the support of emergency medicine and critical care medicine staff to lead and oversee the training. The project’s aim was to increase internal medicine resident confidence with POCUS by 20% and proficiency with POCUS as evidenced by pretest and posttest analysis by 10%.

Materials and Methods
The program consisted of a 2-day, 9-hour, introductory course, combining lecture with hands-on scanning taught by emergency medicine physicians who had completed emergency ultrasound fellowship-level training. This was followed by a longitudinal component of hands-on scanning throughout the academic year built into the residents’ schedules. Emergency and critical care medicine ultrasound staff reviewed all studies for quality assurance (QA). The residents were given both precourse and post-course knowledge tests and confidence surveys, which utilized a 5-point Likert scale. The knowledge assessments were analyzed with a paired t-test, and the Likert scale data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The Naval Medical Center Portsmouth Institutional Review Board deemed this project nonhuman subjects’ research.

Results
Twenty participants were enrolled, with 10 (50%) of those enrolled completing all course requirements. The average precourse knowledge assessment score was 76.60%, and postcourse assessment score was 80.95% (+4.35%, P = .33). The confidence survey scores were initially 73.33% and improved to 77.67% (+4.34%, P = .74).

Conclusions
A curriculum comprised of a 9-hour workshop followed by a longitudinal hands-on experience can provide improvement in internal medicine resident POCUS knowledge and confidence. This model emphasizes the benefit of emergency and critical care cooperation for ultrasound training and provides an emphasis on medicine-relevant scans and longitudinal training.