bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Chinese Herbal Injections Combined With Cyclophosphamide and 5-Fluorouracil Chemotherapies in Treatment of Breast Cancer: A Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liu Shuyu , Wang Haojia , Wang Miaomiao , Hu Xiaohong , Yang Wenqian , Jin Ruiqi , Geng Yifei , Ni Mengwei , Wu Jiarui , Zhang Xiaomeng 
Published: January 2021

Background: Given the limitations of chemotherapy for the treatment of breast cancer (BC) and the wide exploration of Chinese herbal injections (CHIs), this network meta-analysis (NMA) was conducted to analyze the comparative efficacy and safety of nine CHIs combined with CF (Cyclophosphamide and 5-Fluorouracil) chemotherapy regimens in the treatment of BC.Methods: Several electronic databases were searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from inception to January 6, 2020. RCTs were screened by pre-established eligibility criteria, and the quality of which was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Outcomes such as the clinical effectiveness rate, performance status, peripheral hemogram, and detection of T-lymphocyte subsets were analyzed using the Winbugs 1.4.3 and Stata 13.0 software. Surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) probability values were applied to rank the examined treatments. Cluster analysis was performed to compare the effect of CHIs between two or three different outcomes.Results: A total of 84 RCTs involving 7855 patients and nine CHIs were included. The results showed that compared to CF chemotherapy regimens alone, the ones injected along with Aidi, Shenmai, Shenqi Fuzheng, Kangai, Kanglaite, or Shengmai combined with CF can improve the clinical effectiveness rate. Aidi, Shenmai, Shenqi Fuzheng, Compound Kushen, Kangai, and Kanglaite injection combined with CF can improve the performance status. Shenqi Fuzheng injection was considered as a favorable choice for relieving adverse reactions. According to the results of cluster analysis, Aidi injection and Compound Kushen injection plus CF were more favorable for the clinical effectiveness rate and performance status.Conclusion: In conclusion, Shenqi Fuzheng, Compound Kushen, Aidi, and Kangai injection combined with CF chemotherapy regimen have more significant effects for patients with BC. However, more high-quality clinical RCTs, especialy which correctly use blinding and allocation concealment, are required to support the conclusions.
Neuroprotective Studies on Polygonum hydropiper L. Essential Oils Using Transgenic Animal Models
Authors: Tong Xin , Li Xiaoling , Ayaz Muhammad , Ullah Farhat , Sadiq Abdul , Ovais Muhammad , Shahid Muhammad , Khayrullin Mars , Hazrat Ali 
Published: January 2021

Polygonum hydropiperL. and related species are reported to possess neuroprotective potentials. In an attempt to validate its anti-Alzheimer’s potentials, leaf oils (Ph. Lo) were extensively evaluated in this study against severalin vitroandin vivomodels of Alzheimer’s disease. The Ph. Lo were tested against pathological targets of Alzheimer’s diseases (ADs). Thein vitroandin vivoassays were done for cholinesterase inhibition, anti-radical properties and cognitive assessments using transgenic animal models. In preliminary cholinesterase inhibition assays, Ph. Lo were more active against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) radicals. Subsequently, Ph. Lo was evaluated for its effects on special memory, exploratory behavior, and coordination using shallow water maze (SWM), Y-maze, open filed, and balance beam tests. Animal pre-genotyping was doneviapolymerase chain reaction (PCR) to confirm amyloid precursor protein (APP) transgene, and after completion of drug therapy, brain homogenates from the cortex and hippocampus were evaluated for cholinesterase and free radical studies. In SWM task, disease control animals treated with 10 mg/kg of Ph. Lo for 5 days exhibited significant improvement in cognitive performance indicated by low escape times on 5th day compared with normal animals. In the Y-maze test, transgenic animals showed higher spontaneous alternation behavior than disease control animals and standard control group animals. Ph. Lo therapy has improved the exploratory behavior and declined anxiety behavior in diseased animals as accessedviaopen field test. Ph. Lo administration significantly augmented the motor and coordination abilities of transgenic animals when compared to other groups of animals and declined AChE, BChE activities as well as free radicals load in the cortex and hippocampus tissues. Based on our finding, it is concluded that Ph. Lo exhibit significant neuroprotective potentials preliminary due to their anti-radicals and cholinesterase inhibitory activities. Ph. Lo need further detailed studies as potential aromatherapy against neurodegenerative disorders.
Chilean Rhubarb, Gunnera tinctoria (Molina) Mirb. (Gunneraceae): UHPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS Profiling of Aqueous Extract and its Anti-Helicobacter pylori Activity
Authors: Hebel-Gerber Sonja , García-Cancino Apolinaria , Urbina Angélica , Simirgiotis Mario J. , Echeverría Javier , Bustamante-Salazar Luis , Sáez-Carrillo Katia , Alarcón Julio , Pastene-Navarrete Edgar 
Published: January 2021

The full UHPLC-MS metabolome fingerprinting and anti-Helicobacter pylori effect of Gunnera tinctoria (Molina) Mirb. (Nalca) total extract (GTE) and fractions prepared from its edible fresh petioles were evaluated. The activity of G. tinctoria against H. pylori strains ATCC 45504 and J99 was assessed in vitro by means of agar diffusion assay, Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC), and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), while killing curve and transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) were conducted in order to determine the effect of the plant extract on bacterial growth and ultrastructure. Additionally, the inhibitory effect upon urease was evaluated using both the Jack Bean and H. pylori enzymes. To determine which molecules could be responsible for the antibacterial effects, tentative identification was done by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap®-HR-MS). Furthermore, the total G. tinctoria extract was fractionated using centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC), giving four active fractions (1–4). It was determined that the crude extract and centrifugal partition chromatography fractions of G. tinctoria have a bactericidal effect being the lowest MIC and MBC = 32 μg/ml. In the killing curves, fraction one acts faster than control amoxicillin. In the urease assay, F3 exhibited the lowest IC50 value of 13.5 μg/ml. Transmission electronic microscopy showed that crude G. tinctoria extract promotes disruption and separation of the cellular wall and outer membrane detachment on H. pylori causing bacterial cell death.
The Heart of the Alzheimer's: A Mindful View of Heart Disease
Authors: Evangelisti Alessandro , Butler Helen , del Monte Federica 
Published: January 2021

Purpose of Review: This review summarizes the current evidence for the involvement of proteotoxicity and protein quality control systems defects in diseases of the central nervous and cardiovascular systems. Specifically, it presents the commonalities between the pathophysiology of protein misfolding diseases in the heart and the brain.Recent Findings: The involvement of protein homeostasis dysfunction has been for long time investigated and accepted as one of the leading pathophysiological causes of neurodegenerative diseases. In cardiovascular diseases instead the mechanistic focus had been on the primary role of Ca2+ dishomeostasis, myofilament dysfunction as well as extracellular fibrosis, whereas no attention was given to misfolding of proteins as a pathogenetic mechanism. Instead, in the recent years, several contributions have shown protein aggregates in failing hearts similar to the ones found in the brain and increasing evidence have highlighted the crucial importance that proteotoxicity exerts via pre-amyloidogenic species in cardiovascular diseases as well as the prominent role of the cellular response to misfolded protein accumulation. As a result, proteotoxicity, unfolding protein response (UPR), and ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) have recently been investigated as potential key pathogenic pathways and therapeutic targets for heart disease.Summary: Overall, the current knowledge summarized in this review describes how the misfolding process in the brain parallels in the heart. Understanding the folding and unfolding mechanisms involved early through studies in the heart will provide new knowledge for neurodegenerative proteinopathies and may prepare the stage for targeted and personalized interventions.
The Risk Factors for Perioperative Serum Albumin Variation in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Major Gastroenterology Surgery
Authors: Liu Qingshuang , Gao Kai , Zheng Chao , Guo Chunbao 
Published: January 2021

Background: The albumin, a negative acute-phase protein, is important for perioperative morbidity, even in patients with normal preoperative levels. This study intend to determine the perioperative factors related with the postoperative reduction in serum albumin (ΔALB) and its influence on perioperative outcome in a pediatric general surgical cohort.Methods: This single-center retrospective review included 939 pediatric patients who underwent major gastroenterology surgery from August 2010 to August 2019. The patients were dichotomized into a high ΔALB group (≥14.6%) and a low ΔALB group (&lt;14.6%) based on the mean value of ΔALB (14.6%). the independent risk factors for ΔALB, were explored using the propensity score matching to minimize potential selection bias and subjected to method multivariable logistic regression model. Furthermore, in 366 matched patients, the influences of operating time on perioperative outcomes were analyzed.Results: Among the 996 patients reviewed, 939 patient records were enrolled in the final analysis. Controlling for other factors, multivariable analysis showed that a high CRP on POD 3 or 4 [odds ratio (OR) = 2.36 (95% CI, 1.51–3.86); p = 0.007], a longer operating time [OR = 1.18 (95% CI, 1.00–1.53); p = 0.014), and the presence of Charcot's triad [OR = 1.73 (95% CI, 1.05–2.83); p = 0.031] were factors that predicted a high ΔALB level. A high ΔALB level was also related with gastrointestinal functional recovery delay, reflected by the postoperative defecation (p = 0.013) and bowel movement (p = 0.019) delay and the high occurrence of postoperative complications (16.1 vs. 10.9%, OR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.02–2.41, P = 0.0026).Conclusions: The high ΔALB level was correlated with postoperative outcome. To obtain a safe recovery and discharge after a major abdominal operation, the above risk factors for ΔALB could be addressed in the perioperative period.
Hate Speech – What Reduces the Phenomenon in Media
Authors: Nenova Kristina 
Published: January 2021

Hate speech can be used as an instrument preferred to exert political influence upon voters during election campaigns. This article provides two examples to support this assumption – the first one is related to a Kirk and Martin’s study on the way main presidential candidates in the USA ran their campaigns in 2016, while the other assumption is related to the current debate in Bulgaria on the National Child Strategy 2019-2030. The present article focuses upon possibilities to reduce the phenomenon’s influence as well as upon some of the challenges researchers and policy makers face in their attempts to limit it.
The Influence Of Job Promotion, Work Culture, Work Facilities, Work Satisfaction On Employee Performance In The Hj Bunda Halimah Hospital Batam
Authors: Rumengan Jemmy , Suhardis Adnan , Gunawan Dahlan 
Published: January 2021

In this study, researchers used respondent data, such as gender, age and duration of work of respondents to be able to provide information about the characteristics of respondents. The study population was employees in the Hj. Bunda Halimah hospital, which consists of doctors and health workers such as nurses, midwives and administrative staff. The sample is determined by the number of sample members (sample size) 55 people with proportional random sampling technique. 15 doctors and 40 health employees. This research is the result of a field study to obtain questionnaire answer data that measures five main variables in this study, namely Transformational Leadership, Work Culture, Work Facilities, Job Satisfaction towards Performance in The Hj Bunda Halimah Hospital. The instrument was developed based on theoretical studies, then defined in conceptual definitions, operational definitions, and developed through lattice instruments and technical techniques. Knitted data analysis uses descriptive statistics and statistical analysis to test the significance of path coefficients, descriptive statistics to present data in the form of frequency distribution tables, histograms, and the number of statistics such as media, modes, averages, variants, and foreign standards. exchange. Statistical tests are used to test the significance of path coefficients using Partial Least Square (PLS) which is a Multivariate Analysis in the second generation using structural equation modeling (SEM). PLS can be used for a small number of samples, and of course with a large number of samples will be better able to improve the accuracy of estimates. PLS does not require the assumption that data distribution must be normal or not. The construct form can use a reflective or formative model in which from the results of statistical analysis, the relationship between variables formulated in the formulation of a problem as many as 7 pieces obtained significant results.
Assistant de langue portugaise en France: ce que l'expérience m'a apporté
Authors: Vasconcelos da Silva Bruna 
Published: January 2021

RÉSUMÉ: Le présent article vise à présenter le Programme d’Assistants de Langue en France et son rôle dans l’enseignement de langue française, sous l’optique d’une participante de cette opportunité de mobilité, en plus de discuter des contributions de ce programme au perfectionnement non seulement personnel et professionnel d’un individu, mais aussi des communautés d’accueil et d’origine. À cette fin, le travail a été divisé en trois parties. Dans la première section, sont présentés des éléments des politiques linguistiques de l’Europe en ce qui concerne la mobilité et les échanges culturels. Ensuite, on trouvera les actions de l’assistant dans leurs particularités et les possibilités de développement professionnel accordées.En plus Il y a la discussion des points pour la formation d’un capital culturel aussi bien des assistants que des élèves, et aussi comment davantage d’opportunités comme celle-ci sont nécessaires pour les professionnels du langage. RESUMO: O presente artigo visa apresentar o programa de Assistentes de Língua na França e seu papel no ensino de língua francesa, sob a ótica de uma contemplada por essa oportunidade de mobilidade, além de discutir as contribuições desse programa para o engrandecimento não somente pessoal e profissional de um indivíduo, como também das comunidades de acolhimento e de origem. Para tanto, o trabalho foi dividido em três partes nas quais são apresentados elementos das políticas linguísticas da Europa no que diz respeito à mobilidade e intercâmbios culturais. Em seguida, é apresentada a situação de atuação do assistente em suas particularidades e as possibilidades de desenvolvimento profissional concedidas. Por fim, há a discussão dos pontos para a formação de um capital cultural tanto de assistentes quanto de alunos, e ademais, como mais oportunidades como esta são necessárias para profissionais da área da linguagem.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Melalui Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah pada Siswa Kelas XI-IPA SMAN 1 Sinjai Tengah (Materi Pokok Laju Reaksi)
Authors: Irsyam Irsyam 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRAK

Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (classroom action research) yang terdiri atas dua siklus dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa klas XI-MIPA SMAN 7 Kabupaten Sinjai sejumlah tiga puluh tiga orang. Data tentang aktivitas siswa dan aktivitas guru dikumpulkan dengan lembar lembar instrumen observasi, dan data mengenai respon siswa tentang pembelajaran berbasis masalah menggunakan angket. Data tersebut dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik analais data kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) pembelajaran kimia melalui model pembelajaran berbasis masalah, dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah, hingga mencapai atau melampaui KKM, (2) pembelajaran kimia melalui pendekatan pemecahan masalah dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah, dapat meningkatkan kualitas proses belajar kimia siswa yang ditunjukkan oleh aktivitas siswa mencapai kriteria ideal, (4) respon siswa terhadap kegiatan pembelajaran yang dialaminya mencapai rata-rata 92,42% .

Kata Kunci: pemecahan masalah, pembelajaran berbasis masalah

ABSTRACT
The study is a classroom action research which consists of two cycles with descriptive qualitative approach. The subjects of the study were 33 students of grade XI of Science at SMAN 1 of Central Sinjai in Sinjai District. Data on students and tearchers’activities were collected by using observation sheet instrument and data on students’ responses conserning problem-based learning were collected by employing questionnaire. Those data were analyzed by employing qualitative data analyisis teacnique.The results of the study reveal that (1) learning Chemistry through problem-based learning model can improve problem solving competence and achieve or pass sthe KKM, (2) learning Chemistry through problem solving approach by applying problem-based learning model can improve students’ quality in learning Chemistry shown by students’ activities which achieved the ideal criteria, (4) students’ responses on learning activities achieved 92,42% in average.

Keywords: problem based, problen-based learning
Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Enzim Bromelain dari Bonggol dan Daging Buah Nanas (Ananas comosus)
Authors: Ilyas Nita Magfirah 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan memurnikan bromelain yang diekstrak dari bagian tanaman nanas (Ananas comosus) melalui metode fraksinasi menggunakan garam ammonium sulfat, diikuti dengan proses dialisis. Aktivitas spesifik tertinggi terdapat pada fraksi ammonium sulfat 50-80% (fraksi 3) baik untuk sampel bagian bonggol maupun bagian daging buah nanas, masing-masing adalah sebesar 0,30 U/mg dan 0,21 U/mg. Fraksi 3 dari bagian bonggol memiliki tingkat kemurnian 132,65 kali enzim kasarnya sedangkan fraksi 3 dari bagian daging buah nanas memiliki tingkat kemurnian 108,47 kali dari enzim kasarnya. Proses dialisis memberikan nilai aktivitas spesifik dan tingkat kemurnian enzim tertinggi pada fraksi 3 dari bagian bonggol nanas yaitu sebesar 0,33 U/mg dengan kenaikan tingkat kemurnian menjadi sebesar 141,58 kali enzim kasarnya. Uji kestabilan termal terhadap fraksi enzim hasil dialisis menunjukkan bromelain dari bonggol memiliki kestabilan termal yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan bromelain dari daging buah nanas. pH dan suhu optimum dari enzim bromelain adalah 7,0 dan 37oC.
Kata kunci: Ananas comosus, bonggol nanas, bromelain, aktivitas spesifik, pemurnian

ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to isolate and purify the bromelain extracted from part of pineapple fruit (Ananas comosus) through fractionation method using ammonium sulfate followed by dialysis. The highest specific activity on ammonium sulfate fraction was 50-80% (fraction 3) both for the sample of the core and the flesh of pineapple, each was 0.30 U/mg and 0.21 U/mg. The fraction 3 of the core had a purity level 132.65 times of the crude enzyme while fraction 3 of the pineapple flesh had a purity level 108.47 times of the crude enzyme. From the dialysis process found the highest value of specific activity on fraction 3 of the pineapple core of 0.33 U/mg with a purity level of and 141.58 times of the crude enzyme. Fraction of the core has higher thermal stability than the fraction of the flesh. The optimum temperature and pH of this enzyme was 37oC and 7.0.

Keywords: Ananas comosus, pineapple core, bromelain, specific activity, purification
Pengaruh Suhu Dan Waktu Pemanasan Terhadap Stabilitas Pigmen Antosianin Ekstrak Asam Sitrat Kulit Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereus polyrizus) Dan Aplikasi Pada Bahan Pangan
Authors: Nasrullah Nasrullah , Husain Halimah , Syahrir Muh. 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen bertujuan untuk mengetahui stabilitas ekstrak pigmen antosianin kulit buah naga merah (Hylocereus polyrizus) terhadap suhu dan waktu pemanasan serta ketahanan warna antosianin kulit buah naga merah pada bahan pangan. Ekstraksi kulit buah naga merah dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut asam sitrat 10%: air (6:1). Pengaruh suhu 400C, 500C dan 600C terhadap stabilitas pigmen antosianin dilakukan pada rentang waktu 5 menit, 15 menit, 30 menit, 45 menit dan 60 menit. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengukuran absorbansi sampel pada spektrofotometer UV-Vis dengan λ maks 520,00. Data hasil pengukuran menunjukkan bahwa pigmen antosianin stabil pada rentang suhu 400C- 500C dengan lama pemanasan 30 menit, 45 menit dan 60 menit.

Kata kunci: Kulit buah naga merah, suhu, waktu

ABSTRACT
This research is an experimental study with aim’s to know the stability of anthocyanin pigment extract from red dragon fruit skin (Hylocereus polyrizus) on temperature, heating time and the anthocyanin color resistance of red dragon fruit skin on foodstuffs. Extraction of dragon fruit skin was done by maceration method using 10% citric acid solvent: water (6: 1). The effect of temperature of 400C, 500C and 600C on the stability of anthocyanin pigments was carried out in the time range of 5 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 45 minutes and 60 minutes. Then the absorbance measurements of the samples in UV-Vis spectrophotometer were carried out with λ max 520.00. The measoroment result showed that anthocyanin pigment is stable on the temperature range 400C - 500C with heating time of 30 minutes, 45 minutes and 60 minutes.

Keywords: Red dragon fruit skin, temperature, time