bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Produktivitas Cengkih Hutan (Syzygium obtusifolium L.) di Kecamatan Leihitu Kabupaten Maluku Tengah
Authors: Rehatta Herman , Marasabessy Dessy A , Sopalauw Safril H 
Published: September 2021

Clove trees (Syzygium obtusifolium L.) have a significant role in supporting efforts to increase state revenue. The purpose of this study was to obtain a productivity data of the forest clove in the Leihitu Sub-district, Central Maluku District, from a case study in Hitu Lama, Hitu Mesing, Mamala, and Morela villages. The research method used was a survey method. The results showed that variations in the yield level in each study location were influenced by the factor of the proportion of immature trees, productive trees, and damaged old trees. The average productivity of forest clove in the study location was 5603.5 kg/ha or equivalent to 5.6 tons/ha.

Keywords: forest clove, production, productivity, tree conditions

ABSTRAK
Tanaman cengkih (Syzygium obtusifolium L.) mempunyai peranan yang cukup besar dalam menunjang upaya peningkatan pendapatan negara. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan data produktivitas cengkih hutan di kecamatan Leihitu Kabupaten Maluku Tengah, dari studi kasus di desa-desa Hitu Lama, Hitu Mesing, Mamala, dan Morela. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode survey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya variasi tingkat produksi pada masing-masing lokasi penelitian, dipengaruhi oleh faktor proporsi tanaman belum menghasilkan, tanaman menghasilkan, dan tanaman tua rusak. Menunjukkan rata-rata produktivitas cengkih hutan di lokasi penelitian adalah 5603,5 kg/ha atau setara dengan 5,6 ton/ha.
Kata Kunci: cengkih hutan, produksi, produktivitas, kondisi tanaman
Efektivitas Limbah Cengkih dalam Menekan Perkembangan In Vitro Sclerotium rolfsii, Jamur Penyebab Damping Off Kacang Tanah
Authors: Amanupunyo Handry R D , Tahitu Nace E , Tuhumury Gratiana N C 
Published: September 2021

Various problems have caused the decline in peanut production, among others the low resistance of peanut plants to various diseases. One of the obstacles in peanut production is the attack of plant diseases, such as the fungus Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. The use of plant-based insecticides can be an alternative to disease control in peanuts. This study aimed to obtain the appropriate and effective dose of clove leaves and flower stalks in suppressing the in vitro growth of the fungus S. rolfsii Sacc causing damping off in peanuts, and to test the effectiveness of clove leaves and flower stalks on the formation of sklerotia of the fungus. This study used ‘tuni’ clove powder from Waai Village, Salahutu District. This experimental study employed a completely randomized design (CRD) with 8 treatments and 3 replications. The results showed that the growth of the fungus S. rolfsii Sacc. was inhibited by clove flower stalk powder at a dose of 1.5 g per100 mL of PDA, which was indicated by the number of sklerotia formed of 13.67% and propagule weight of 0.12 g, followed by a dose of clove leaf powder of 1.5 g per100 mL PDA, with amount of sklerotia formed of 27.33% and propagule weight of 0.17 g. These results were statistically shown on the parameters: colony diameter, Sklerotia formation time, number of Sklerotia, and weight of propagules.
Keywords: Clove powder, dosage, in vitro, Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.

ABSTRAK
Berbagai masalah telah menyebabkan turunnya produksi kacang tanah, diantaranya masih rendahnya ketahanan tanaman kacang tanah terhadap berbagai penyakit. Salah satu kendala dalam produksi kacang tanah adalah serangan penyakit tanaman, seperti jamur Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. Penggunaan insektisida nabati dapat menjadi alternatif pengendalian penyakit pada kacang tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh dosis daun dan tangkai bunga cengkih yang tepat dan efektif dalam menekan pertumbuhan jamur S. rolfsii Sacc penyebab damping off pada kacang tanah secara in vitro, serta menguji efektifitas daun dan tangkai bunga cengkih terhadap pembentukan sklerotia jamur. Penelitian ini menggunakan bubuk cengkih tuni, dari Desa Waai, Kecamatan Salahutu. Penelitian eksperimental ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 8 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan jamur S. rolfsii Sacc. terhambat oleh bubuk tangkai bunga cengkih pada dosis 1,5 g per 100 mL PDA yang ditunjukan oleh jumlah sklerotia terbentuk 13,67% dan berat propagul 0,12 g dan diikuti oleh dosis bubuk daun cengkih 1,5 g per 100 mL PDA, dengan jumlah sklerotia 27,33% dan berat propagul 0,17 g. Hasil ini secara statistik ditunjukkan pada parameter: diameter koloni, waktu terbentuk sklerotia, jumlah sklerotia, dan berat propagul.
Kata kunci: bubuk cengkih, dosis, in vitro, Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.
Efektivitas Waktu Persilangan Tiga Genotipe Cabai (Capcicum sp) pada Persilangan Dialel
Authors: Andayani Retno D , Maharani Navita 
Published: September 2021

Chili is an important horticultural commodity in Indonesia. However, its production is still not optimal because there are not many superior seeds available, which causes low productivity. One solution to this problem is to improve planting material (seeds) by a plant breeding program through a hybridization process. Crossing different types of chili requires the right time to increase the chances of success. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of crossing three genotypes of chili (two introduced and one local). The study was carried out with a factorial randomized design. The first factor was a combination of crosses of three parents, namely Sweet Italian, Garda and Katokkon by dialel crosses. The second factor was the time of crossing, namely at 04.00, 05.00, 06.00, 07.00, 08.00. The results of the analysis showed that the combination of parents had an interaction with crossing time in increasing the dsuccess of the crosses. Each parent combination hah a specific time for crossing. If the female parent was Sweet Italian, the time of crossing early in the morning (low temperature) was more optimal, which was between 04.00-07.00. For Katokkon×Garda crosses and their reciprocals, the percentage of successful crosses increased if it was done at 06.00-08.00. None of the crosses between Garda×Sweet Italian were successful or were entirely lethal.
Keywords: chili, crossing time, dialele , introduction genotype

ABSTRAK
Cabai merupakan komoditas hortikultura yang penting di Indonesia. Namun produksinya masih belum optimal karena belum banyak tersedia benih unggul, yang menyebabkan rendahnya produktivitas. Salah satu solusi masalah tersebut adalah dengan perbaikan bahan tanam (benih) melalui program pemuliaan tanaman dengan proses persilangan (hibridisasi). Persilangan cabai yang berbeda jenis memerlukan waktu yang tepat untuk dapat meningkatkan peluang keberhasilannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas waktu persilangan tiga genotipe cabai (dua introduksi dan satu lokal). Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial, Faktor pertama adalah kombinasi persilangan dari tiga tetua, yaitu Sweet Italian, Garda dan Katokkon secara dialel. Faktor kedua adalah waktu persilangan, yaitu pada pukul 04.00, 05.00, 06.00, 07.00, 08.00. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi tetua memiliki interaksi dengan waktu persilangan dalam meningkatkan keberhasilan persilangan. Tiap kombinasi tetua memiliki waktu yang spesifik untuk persilangan. Jika tetua betina Sweet Italian, waktu persilangannya semakin pagi (suhu rendah) semakin optimal, yakni di antara pukul 04.00-07.00. Untuk persilangan Katokkon×Garda maupun resiproknya, persentase keberhasilan persilangan semakin meningkat jika dilakukan pada pukul 06.00-08.00. Tidak ada penyerbukan silang antara Garda×Sweet Italian yang berhasil persilangan atau seluruhnya letal.
Kata kunci: cabai, dialel , genotipe introduksi, waktu persilangan
KESULITAN MEMBACA PERMULAAN SISWA KELAS II SDIT BAIDHAUL AHKAM
Authors: Fadhillah Dilla , Novianti Ersa 
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesulitan dalam membaca permulaan siswa kelas II SDIT Baidhaul Ahkam Kota Tangerang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas II di SDIT Baidhaul Ahkam. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, angket dan observasi terhadap siswa dan guru kelas II di SDIT Baidhaul Ahkam. Analisis data menggunakan teknik reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa kesulitan yang dialami siswa dalam proses membaca permulaan meliputi: kesulitan dalam mengeja huruf, membedakan huruf, sampai kesulitan untuk membaca secara lancar. Kesulitan membaca yang dialami oleh siswa dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal dan eksternal. Faktor internal berasal dari dalam diri siswa, yang meliputi usia mental dan rendahnya minat untuk membaca sehingga siswa cenderung malas untuk belajar membaca. Faktor eksternal meliputi, orang tua siswa yang cenderung kurang memperhatikan proses belajar yang dilalui oleh siswa. Orang tua siswa jarang meluangkan waktu untuk membimbing siswa belajar dalam mengulas topik pelajaran di rumah. Kata kunci: membaca permulaan, siswa SDIT
ANALISIS KESALAHAN BERBAHASA DALAM TATARAN FONOLOGI PADA KANAL YOUTUBE “MAS BAS-BULE PRANCIS”
Authors: Lathifah Nurul Raihan , Anggita Febiana Dwi , Rosianingsih Selvi 
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesalahan-kesalahan dalam penggunaan bahasa Indonesia pada tataran fonologi yang terdapat dalam kanal youtube “Mas Bas-Bule Prancis”. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kulitatif dengan metode analisis data ialah metode padan fonetik artikulatoris dengan teknik dasar teknik pilah unsur penentu (PUP) dan teknik lanjutan teknik hubung banding menyamakan hal pokok (HBSP). Data dalam penelitian ini berupa video yang terdapat dalam kanal Youtube ”Mas Bas- Bule Prancis” yang merupakan kesalahan berbahasa. Sumber datanya terdapat pada kanal Youtube yang bernama ”Mas Bas- Bule Prancis.” Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian menggunakan ini metode simak. Teknik analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan simpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kesalahan fonologi yang dilakukan oleh Mas Bas-Bule Prancis dalam kanal Youtube sebanyak 16 kesalahan. Kesalahan-kesalahan tersebut berupa kesalahan pengurangan fonem sebanyak 1 buah kesalahan, kesalahan penambahan fonem sebanyak 4 buah kesalahan, dan kesalahan penggantian fonem sebanyak 11 buah kesalahan. Kesalahan fonologi yang dilakukan oleh Mas Bas-Bule Prancis sangat lumrah dilakukan oleh penutur pemula atau penutur asing. Oleh karena itu, hasil dari penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu contoh kasus kesalahan bidang fonologi dan juga kasus pembelajaran BIPA. Kata kunci : analisis kesalahan, tataran fonologi, Youtube
NILAI-NILAI SOSIAL DALAM DWILOGI NOVEL SEPASANG YANG MELAWAN KARYA JAZULI IMAM (PENDEKATAN SOSIOLOGI SASTRA)
Authors: Fauziah Shifa , Dewi Trie Utari 
Published: September 2021

Dwilogi Novel Sepasang yang Melawan karya Jazuli Imam menceritakan tokoh yang memiliki jiwa sosial tinggi baik terhadap sesama manusia maupun alam semesta. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai sosial yang terdapat dalam Dwilogi Novel Sepasang yang Melawan karya Jazuli Imam. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sosiologi sastra. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif. Objek penelitian ini adalah nilai-nilai sosial dalam Dwilogi Novel Sepasang yang Melawan karya Jazuli Imam yang diterbitkan oleh penerbit Djelajah Pustaka tahun 2014 dan 2017. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik simak dan catat. Teknik analisis menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis. Hasil temuan dalam analisis nilai-nilai sosial dalam Dwilogi Novel Sepasang yang Melawan yaitu pengabdian, tolong-menolong, kekeluargaan, kesetiaan, kepedulian, nilai rasa memiliki, disiplin, empati, nilai keadilan, toleransi, kerjasama, dan demokrasi. Pada Dwilogi Novel Sepasang yang Melawan karya Jazuli Imam nilai sosial yang dominan yaitu nilai kepedulian. Kata kunci: Nilai sosial, Dwilogi, Sosiologi Sastra
INTERNALISASI NILAI KARAKTER MELALUI BAHAN AJAR TEKS CERPEN BEORIENTASI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER
Authors: Mascita Dede Endang 
Published: September 2021

Bahan ajar teks cerpen yang berorientasi pendidikan karakter mempersyaratkan adanya materi dan contoh serta kegiatan pembelajaran yang dapat memberikan informasi dan dapat ditanamkan pada siswa untuk penguatan karakter yang diharapkan dalam kurikulum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendesain bahan ajar teks cerpen yang dapat menginternalisasi nilai karakter kepada diri siswa. Internalisasi nilai karakter adalah upaya penanaman nilai-nilai karakter kepada para siswa yang meliputi nilai agama, nilai budaya, nilai moral, dan nilai sosial. Bahan ajar teks cerpen untuk siswa SMA ini dirancang dengan karakteristik ulasan materi, pemilihan materi, kegiatan pembelajaran, dan latihan-latihan yang ada dalam buku semuanya berorientasi pada pendidikan karakter misalnya karakter keingintahuan untuk memperoleh pngetahuan, jujur, bekerja sama, dan tanggung jawab. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Model 4 D (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate). Hasil validasi dari aspek penyajian, bahasa, dan seni grafika serta hasil implementasi bahan ajar teks cerpen memperoleh nilai rata-rata 87.75%. Angka tersebut ada pada interval 85 % -100% yang menunjukkan kriteria sangat valid. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar teks cerpen sudah valid dan layak untuk digunakan di sekolah. Kata kunci : bahan ajar teks cerpen, nilai karkater, internalisasi nilai
Development E-Module Three Variables Linear Equations System Based On Mathematic Communication
Authors: Rani Latifah , Maarif Samsul 
Published: September 2021

This rapid technological development has a very significant impact on various aspects of human life, one of which is in the aspect of education. The existence of technological developments in the aspect of education gave rise to a new paradigm in which participants acted as constructors in managing the information gained knowledge and educators as facilitators who guide students in learning activities with the aid of an electronic device. However, the use of electronic devices in the form of laptops/computers has not been well implemented to make students passive, and mathematical communication skills are not optimal. Students still consider the material of the Three Variable Linear Equation System to be quite difficult. So, we need innovative learning media in the form of e-modules. The purpose of this study was to develop the contents and find out the quality of e-modules in the material of the Mathematical Communication Based Three Variable Linear Equation System. This research is development research that adapts the ADDIE development model. The results of this study are in the form of an e-module on the material of the Three Variable Linear Equation System based on mathematical communication that can be operated on a laptop/computer offline. The product has been validated by media experts and material experts and gets results in the Good category. The product was also tested on 46 respondents and obtained results in the Good category. Thus, the e-module of the Three Variable Linear Equation System based on mathematical communication is appropriate for use in learning.
Keywords: e-module, Linear Equation System of three variables, mathematical communication.
Creative Forces programming with military families: Art therapy, dance/movement therapy, and music therapy brief vignettes
Authors: Chilton Gioia , Vaudreuil Rebecca , Freeman Elizabeth K. , McLaughlan Nathaniel , Herman Jessica , Cozza Stephen J. 
Published: September 2021

LAY SUMMARY Creative arts therapists (art therapists, dance/movement therapists, and music therapists) administer assessments and interventions that support the holistic well-being of military families affected by traumatic brain injury (TBI) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Through participation in the Creative Forces: United States National Endowment for the Arts Military Healing Arts Network, military families discovered strengths, inspired connections, and improved understanding of their relationships. Creative arts therapies (CATs) motivated engagement, which ultimately boosted family resilience. CATs are an integral part of interdisciplinary care to address behavioural and rehabilitative conditions of military families impacted by TBI and PTSD. Future research should examine the efficacy of creative arts therapies in improving resilience in military families.
Carburization Heat Treatment of Selective Laser Melted 20MnCr5 Steel
Authors: Yang Mei , Fan Yangyang , Sisson Richard D. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
As a novel manufacturing technology additive manufacturing (AM) has advantages such as energy saving, reduced material waste, faster design-to-build time, design optimization, reduction in manufacturing steps, and product customization compared to conventional manufacturing processes. Heat treatment is widely used to improve the properties of conventional manufactured steel parts. The response of additively manufactured steel parts to heat treatment may be different from conventionally manufactured steel parts due to variations in microstructure. An understanding of heat treatment processes for additively manufactured steel parts is necessary to develop their heat treatment process parameters. In the present work 20MnCr5 steel was selected to investigate the carburization heat treatment of additively manufactured parts. These parts were fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) for the carburization study. It was found that the AM parts fabricated by the SLM process show the microstructure of tempered martensite while the microstructure of as-received wrought part is ferrite and pearlite. It was also experimentally found that the SLM process decarburizes the entire SLM part. Before carburizing, a normalization process was conducted on both SLM and wrought 20MnCr5 parts to reduce the effect of the pre-carburizing microstructure. The objective of this project is to determine the carburization performance of additively manufactured steel parts. The results for the SLM parts in terms of carbon concentration and microhardness profiles are compared with the results for the wrought steel. It was found that the carburized SLM part in the present work has higher carbon concentration near the surface, deeper case depth, and higher total carbon flux than the carburized wrought part.
High Pressure Heat Treatment of AM Parts—Combining HIP and Heat Treatment
Authors: Ahlfors Magnus 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The production process for additively manufactured (AM) metal parts can involve as many as four post processing steps: stress relief, hot isostatic pressing, solution treatment and quench, and tempering or aging. In this paper, the author describes a post processing route for AM parts that combines stress relief, hot isostatic pressing, and solution treatment and quench into a single thermal cycle immediately followed by tempering or aging. The combination of processes is called high pressure heat treatment (HPHT), the benefits of which include shorter total effective cycle time, less downtime between steps, and lower energy consumption.
The Future of the Integral Quench Furnace
Authors: Hemsath Mark K. , Herring Daniel H. , Przygonski Tomasz 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Integral quench furnaces combine the benefits of low-pressure vacuum carburizing (LPC) with atmosphere oil quenching. This paper discusses key milestones in the development of integral quench furnaces and the advantages they provide in annealing, normalizing, and hardening applications.
Prediction of Tempering Effect on Jominy Hardenability Curve
Authors: Maniruzzaman Mohammed , Pickerill Rob J. , Pershing Michael A. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Modeling of as-tempered hardness in steel is essential to understanding final properties of heat-treated components. Most of the tempering mathematical models derive a tempering parameter using Hollomon-Jaffe formulation. Some recent models incorporate chemical composition into the general Hollomon-Jaffe relationship. This paper compares model predictions with a substantial set of actual tempered Jominy End Quench bars and the hardness data from them. Improvements to the models and direction for future work are discussed.
Effect of Mo in Combination with Nb on Austenite Grain Size Control in Vacuum Carburizing Steels
Authors: Seo Eun Jung , Speer John G. , Matlock David K. , Cryderman Robert L. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Vacuum carburizing with high pressure gas quenching is increasingly employed to reduce near-surface intergranular oxidation and quenching distortion. It has also been shown to reduce processing times because it can be conducted at higher temperatures, up to 1100 °C. These temperatures, however, may cause austenite grain coarsening, making steel more susceptible to fatigue failure. This paper presents a study showing how microalloying carburizing steels with Mo and Nb improves resistance to austenite grain growth. The control of grain size is attributed to solute and precipitation effects.
Microstructure Refinement Strategies in Carburized Steel
Authors: Agnani M. , DeNonno O.L. , Findley K.O. , Thompson S.W. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Microstructure refinement strategies for carburized steel were evaluated to assess their effect on the fatigue performance of case carburized components. Commercial 52100 steel samples were subjected to various treatments and analyzed to determine the micro-geometry of plate martensite and the size distribution of retained-austenite regions. Decreasing reheat temperature produced finer austenite grain size, while multiple reheating cycles helped narrow grain size distribution. The refinement of austenite grain size also led to a reduction in martensite plate size and finer distribution of retained austenite.
Short Time Dilatometry Quench System Analyses
Authors: Banka Andrew , Senita Andrew , Goldstein Robert , Eddir Tareq , Cryderman Robert 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper investigates the factors that influence quenching rates and temperature distributions in steel during dilatometry testing. In a prior study, the authors assessed the performance of the cooling system in a widely used dilatometer. The goal of the current work is to develop a cooling strategy that provides more uniform and possibly faster cooling in the same system. Several alternate quench concepts are analyzed, the most promising of which uses water-cooled tubes to deliver high velocity gas through a series of jets axially aligned with the test sample. The proposed cooling apparatus and its effect on the induction heating process are assessed using CFD, electromagnetic, and thermal analyses.
How Does Precise Control Affect the Outcome of Nitriding and Ferritic Nitrocarburizing Cycles?
Authors: Nousir S. , Kalucki J. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Controlled nitriding and ferritic nitrocarburizing can significantly improve the corrosion and wear resistance of carbon and low-alloy steels. The framework for maintaining these processes is based on standards, such as AMS 2759/10 and 2759/12A, that specify tolerances for control parameters. This work investigates the impact of admissible deviations in control parameters on the performance of treated alloy samples. The findings of the study demonstrate that although tolerances are allowed, precise control in specific furnace classes is necessary to consistently obtain superior results.