bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mobile Money and School Participation: Evidence from Africa
Authors: Rotondi Valentina , Billari Francesco C. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis paper shows that mobile money technology—an electronic wallet service that allows users to deposit, transfer, and receive money using their mobile phones—is positively correlated with increased school participation of children in school age. By using data from 4 African countries, we argue that, by reducing transaction costs, and by making it easier and less expensive to receive remittances, mobile money reduces the need for coping strategies that are detrimental to child development, such as withdrawing children from school and sending them to work. We find that mobile money increases the chances of children attending school. This finding is robust to different empirical models. In a nutshell, our results show that 1 million children could start attending school in low-income countries if mobile money was available to all.
Towards medical knowmetrics: representing and computing medical knowledge using semantic predications as the knowledge unit and the uncertainty as the knowledge context
Authors: Li Xiaoying , Peng Suyuan , Du Jian 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn China, Prof. Hongzhou Zhao and Zeyuan Liu are the pioneers of the concept “knowledge unit” and “knowmetrics” for measuring knowledge. However, the definition on “computable knowledge object” remains controversial so far in different fields. For example, it is defined as (1) quantitative scientific concept in natural science and engineering, (2) knowledge point in the field of education research, and (3) semantic predications, i.e., Subject-Predicate-Object (SPO) triples in biomedical fields. The Semantic MEDLINE Database (SemMedDB), a high-quality public repository of SPO triples extracted from medical literature, provides a basic data infrastructure for measuring medical knowledge. In general, the study of extracting SPO triples as computable knowledge unit from unstructured scientific text has been overwhelmingly focusing on scientific knowledge per se. Since the SPO triples would be possibly extracted from hypothetical, speculative statements or even conflicting and contradictory assertions, the knowledge status (i.e., the uncertainty), which serves as an integral and critical part of scientific knowledge has been largely overlooked. This article aims to put forward a framework for Medical Knowmetrics using the SPO triples as the knowledge unit and the uncertainty as the knowledge context. The lung cancer publications dataset is used to validate the proposed framework. The uncertainty of medical knowledge and how its status evolves over time indirectly reflect the strength of competing knowledge claims, and the probability of certainty for a given SPO triple. We try to discuss the new insights using the uncertainty-centric approaches to detect research fronts, and identify knowledge claims with high certainty level, in order to improve the efficacy of knowledge-driven decision support.
Quantitative quality: a study on how performance-based measures may change the publication patterns of Danish researchers
Authors: Deutz Daniella Bayle , Drachen Thea Marie , Drongstrup Dorte , Opstrup Niels , Wien Charlotte 
Published: February 2021

AbstractNations the world over are increasingly turning to quantitative performance-based metrics to evaluate the quality of research outputs, as these metrics are abundant and provide an easy measure of ranking research. In 2010, the Danish Ministry of Science and Higher Education followed this trend and began portioning out a percentage of the available research funding according to how many research outputs each Danish university produces. Not all research outputs are eligible: only those published in a curated list of academic journals and publishers, the so-called BFI list, are included. The BFI list is ranked, which may create incentives for academic authors to target certain publication outlets or publication types over others. In this study we examine the potential effect these relatively new research evaluation methods have had on the publication patterns of researchers in Denmark. The study finds that publication behaviors in the Natural Sciences & Technology, Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) have changed, while the Health Sciences appear unaffected. Researchers in Natural Sciences & Technology appear to focus on high impact journals that reap more BFI points. While researchers in SSH have also increased their focus on the impact of the publication outlet, they also appear to have altered their preferred publication types, publishing more journal articles in the Social Sciences and more anthologies in the Humanities.
Amendments of 2020 to the Russian Constitution as an Update to Its Symbolic and Identity Programme
Authors: Sadowski Jakub 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn the renewed Russian Fundamental Law, in addition to a number of provisions introducing changes to the political system, there are also statements of programmatic importance, as well as several provisions with symbolic and identity function. In this article these provisions are subject to functional and semiotic-cultural analysis. Particular emphasis has been placed on legally irrelevant content transmitted by the new regulations, on their semantic connections with the content of the preamble and on their cultural context. The research procedure carried out allows us to state that, compared with the 1993 text, the Russian Constitution in its current version participates to a much greater extent in the complex system of transmission of symbolic content, as well as the narratives that contribute to social memory, cultural and historical identity. In doing so, it goes beyond its genre limitations, opening the basic text to the functions assigned to the preamble. In the fragments I have analysed in the paper there are undoubtedly functional and genre disturbances, and with them changes the mode of semiosis of the legal text, both in its normative and programmatic form. Renewed Constitution is the case in which a legal text, by its very nature designing the possible future world, does so through ideas about the past.
The Role of Financial Fragility and Financial Control for Well-Being
Authors: Bialowolski Piotr , Weziak-Bialowolska Dorota , McNeely Eileen 
Published: February 2021

AbstractFinancial fragility is recognized as a substantial issue for individual well-being. Various estimates show that between 46 and 59% of American adults are financially fragile and thus vulnerable in terms of their well-being. We argue that the role of financial control in shaping well-being outcomes—despite being less recognized in the literature than the role of financial fragility—is equally or even more important. Our study is a longitudinal cohort study that made use of observational data. Two waves of the Well-Being Survey data from 1448 U.S. adults were used in the analysis. Impacts of financial fragility and financial control on 17 well-being outcomes were examined, including emotional well-being (nine outcomes), physical well-being (four outcomes), social well-being (two outcomes), in addition to an unhealthy days summary measure and the flourishing index. Financial fragility was shown to be on average less influential for the well-being outcomes than financial control. Our results suggest that financial control plays a protective role for complete well-being. Less evidence in support of a harmful role of financial fragility for well-being is provided. Tests for moderation effects revealed no interaction between financial control and financial fragility within our sample, indicating that financial control did not modify the relationship between financial fragility and well-being.
A single session with a roller massager improves hamstring flexibility in healthy athletes: a randomized placebo-controlled crossover study
Authors: Folli Anna , Ghirlanda Filippo , Cescon Corrado , Schneebeli Alessandro , Weber Céline , Vetterli Patrick , Barbero Marco 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this randomized placebo-controlled crossover study was to compare the acute effect on young athletes of a single session of roller massager (RM) with that obtained from passive static stretching (PSS) and a placebo intervention (PL) on hamstring flexibility and on strength.

Methods
Twenty-nine (23 male, 6 female) young athletes completed the study. Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) and two-leg sit-and-reach test were performed before and immediately after PL, PSS and RM on three different days.

Results
Results showed that all three interventions increased the flexibility of the hamstring muscles compared to the pre-test measurements (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, p < 0.05). Only the RM intervention was significantly higher than the PL intervention (sham ultrasound). Stretching intervention was not significantly different from either of the other two interventions. None of the three interventions significantly changed the muscle strength in the short term.

Conclusions
RM can be considered as an effective alternative to stretching to increase the flexibility of the hamstring. This could be meaningful when stretching is contraindicated or evokes pain.
Latent HIV-Exosomes Induce Mitochondrial Hyperfusion Due to Loss of Phosphorylated Dynamin-Related Protein 1 in Brain Endothelium
Authors: Chandra Partha K. , Rutkai Ibolya , Kim Hogyoung , Braun Stephen E. , Abdel-Mageed Asim B. , Mondal Debasis , Busija David W. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDamage to the cerebral vascular endothelium is a critical initiating event in the development of HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorders. To study the role of mitochondria in cerebral endothelial dysfunction, we investigated how exosomes, isolated from both cell lines with integrated provirus and HIV-1 infected primary cells (HIV-exosomes), accelerate the dysfunction of primary human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMVECs) by inducing mitochondrial hyperfusion, and reducing the expression of phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (p-eNOS). The quantitative analysis of the extracellular vesicles (EVs) indicates that the isolated EVs were predominantly exosomes. It was further supported by the detection of exosomal markers, and the absence of large EV-related protein in the isolated EVs. The exosomes were readily taken up by primary HBMVECs. HIV-exosomes induce cellular and mitochondrial superoxide production but reduce mitochondrial membrane potential in HBMVECs. HIV-exosomes increase mitochondrial hyperfusion, possibly due to loss of phosphorylated dynamin-related protein 1 (p-DRP1). HIV-exosomes, containing the HIV-Tat protein, and viral Tat protein reduce the expression of p-DRP1 and p-eNOS, and accelerate brain endothelial dysfunction. Finally, exosomes isolated from HIV-1 infected primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) produce more exosomes than uninfected controls and reduce both p-DRP1 and p-eNOS expressions in primary HBMVECs. Our novel findings reveal the significant role of HIV-exosomes on dysregulation of mitochondrial function, which induces adverse changes in the function of the brain microvascular endothelium.
Synergistic inhibition of polyethylene glycol and potassium chloride in water-based drilling fluids
Authors: Huang Dan-Chao , Xie Gang , Peng Ni-Yuan , Zou Jian-Guo , Xu Yao , Deng Ming-Yi , Du Wei-Chao , Xiao Yu-Rong , Huang Jin-Jun , Luo Ping-Ya 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMud shale hydration and swelling are major challenges in the development of water-based drilling fluids (WBDFs). In this work, the inhibition performance and inhibition mechanism of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and potassium chloride (KCl) were investigated by hot rolling recovery tests, linear swell tests, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, atomic absorption spectrophotometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The experimental results show that the combination of PEG and KCl achieved higher recovery and lower linear swelling rate than those obtained by individual PEG or KCl. Compared to the d-spacing of Na-montmorillonite (Na-Mt) with PEG or KCl, the d-spacing of Na-Mt with PEG+KCl was lower, which indicates that KCl and PEG have synergistic inhibition effect. This synergistic effect can replace sodium ions and water molecules from the interlayer space of Na-Mt and decrease the d-spacing of Na-Mt. Based on the above experimental results and analysis, a method for optimizing PEG and KCl concentrations was proposed and further verified by rheological and hot rolling recovery tests of WBDFs. Hence, the results of this work can provide valuable theoretical guidance for developing other synergistic inhibitors.
Erratum to: ‘PSA-tests bij mannen ouder dan 74 jaar: zwart-wit of toch een grijs gebied’?
Authors:   ERSPC Rotterdam Study Group, Remmers Sebastiaan , Hogenhout Renée , Roobol Monique J. 
Published: February 2021

In het artikel ‘PSA-tests bij mannen ouder dan 74 jaar: zwart-wit of toch een grijs gebied?’ (Tijdschrift voor Urologie, maart 2021) is de naam van de tweede auteur abusievelijk niet vermeld: prof. dr. Fritz H. Schröder, emeritus hoogleraar Urologie, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam. Prof. dr. Fritz H. Schröder is oprichter van de ERSPC Rotterdam Study group.
Diagnostic imaging in COVID-19 pneumonia: a literature review
Authors: Campagnano Sarah , Angelini Flavia , Fonsi Giovanni Battista , Novelli Simone , Drudi Francesco Maria 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn December 2019 in Wuhan (China), a bat-origin coronavirus (2019-nCoV), also known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was identified, and the World Health Organization named the related disease COVID-19. Its most severe manifestations are pneumonia, systemic and pulmonary thromboembolism, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and respiratory failure. A swab test is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of COVID-19 despite the high number of false negatives. Radiologists play a crucial role in the rapid identification and early diagnosis of pulmonary involvement. Lung ultrasound (LUS) and computed tomography (CT) have a high sensitivity in detecting pulmonary interstitial involvement. LUS is a low-cost and radiation-free method, which allows a bedside approach and needs disinfection of only a small contact area, so it could be particularly useful during triage and in intensive care units (ICUs). High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is particularly useful in evaluating disease progression or resolution, being able to identify even the smallest changes.
Demented patients and the quandaries of identity: setting the problem, advancing a proposal
Authors: Boniolo Giovanni 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn the paper, after clarifying terms such as ‘identity’, ‘self’ and ‘personhood’, I propose an empirical account of identity based on the notion of “whole phenotype”. This move allows one to claim the persistence of the individuals before and after their being affected by dementia. Furthermore, I show how this account permits us to address significant questions related to demented individuals’ loss of the capacity of moral decisions.
A novel current controller design for grid-integrated PV inverter system
Authors: Ahmad Ayaz , Rajaji L. , Iqbal A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDistributed generators are playing a vital role in supporting the grid in ever-increasing energy demands. Grid code regulation must be followed when integrating the photovoltaic inverter system to the grid. The paper investigates and analyzes a controller model for grid-connected PV inverters to inject sinusoidal current to the grid with minimum distortion. To achieve better tracking and disturbance rejection, a DSP-based current controller is designed with LCL filter. The controller gets the current feedback from the grid, compares it with reference current, and calculates duty cycle to generate PWM pulses to trigger H-bridge converters. The grid voltage is loaded to the initial value in proposed PR controller to ensure the initial inverter voltage to match the grid voltage. The paper presents a novel current controller algorithm for grid-connected inverter system, and simulation is done. A detailed analysis has been carried out to validate the proposed design algorithm. Experimental implementation of the current controller in the DC/AC converter circuits with an LCL filter is done for 5.4 kW to validate and match the simulation model.
A proposed data acquisition system and algorithm for signal processing of moving-coil geophone’s output
Authors: Mishra Preity , Chaulya Swades Kumar , Banerjee Gautam 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe study of different types of vibrational and seismic movements is important for exploration in strata monitoring, machine health monitoring, earthquake detection, etc. In order to study these vibrational movements, it needs to be acquired first for analysis. Data acquisition using the seismic sensors is a challenging task. This paper presents a data acquisition system developed to acquire seismic signals from a moving-coil geophone. The paper also discusses a signal interpretation algorithm that is devised to perform automatic detection of a seismic event occurrence by separating through the waveform and non-waveform components in the sensor’s output using Gaussian naive Bayes classifier and Kernel density estimation technique. The proposed method is effective in the identification of a useful signal and identification of its nature of origin. Accuracy of the algorithm was 99% for the waveform classification. Sensitivity of the data acquisition system for the seismic sensors was 1.589 µm s–1. Further, the developed data acquisition system and the algorithm can be used in mines for seismological studies aimed at separating the vibration signal generated due to explosion and the one caused due to Earth’s tectonic and seismic activities.
The Soundtrack of the Extreme: Nasheeds and Right-Wing Extremist Music as a “Gateway Drug” into the Radical Scene?
Authors: Möller Veronika , Mischler Antonia 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMusic plays an important role in both the right-wing extremist and the Salafi jihadist scenes as a unifying and radicalizing factor. It is used to share propaganda and highlight specific ideologies. Music is disseminated by various means, e.g. via social media, and used strategically to attract potential new members. The aims of right-wing extremist music and the Salafi jihadist nasheeds are, among other things, to inspire the youth, reach out to a worldwide audience of potential sympathizers, and disseminate their absolutist worldview. To achieve these goals, seemingly objective depictions of negative everyday experiences, of oppression, and the need for resistance are utilized. The songs are usually associated with violent content, and in conjunction with videos, they illustrate the perceived need to defend oneself. In this article, we will take a closer look at the content of four selected extremist songs. Our analysis of the content is based on a triangulation of sequential text analysis methods and identifies the differences and comparable elements of the ideologies in a final step. In addition to the content, the research aims to examine the possible effects of extremist groups’ music.
Insufficient iodine nutrition may affect the thyroid cancer incidence in China
Authors: Fan Lijun , Meng Fangang , Gao Yunyan , Liu Peng 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEpidemiological studies have focused on the effects of iodine intake on the risk of thyroid cancer. However, their relationship is still obscure. The objective of the present study was to examine the association in the Chinese population. A new ecological study which combined the Data of Annual Report of Cancer, the Survey of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) surveillance and the Water Iodine Survey was conducted to analyse the relationship between iodine intake and the thyroid cancer incidence in China. In total, 281 counties were included. Thyroid cancer incidence was negatively correlated with the consumption rate of qualified iodised salt (CRQIS) and positively correlated with goiter prevalence (GP) of children aged 8–10 years, residents’ annual income and coastal status. Areas with a low CRQIS and areas with a high GP had a relatively high incidence of thyroid cancer. Regression models showed that a low CRQIS and a high GP in children aged 8–10 years (both reflecting iodine deficiency status) play a substantial role in thyroid cancer incidence in both males and females. Additionally, living in coastal areas and having a high annual income may also increase the risk of thyroid cancer. These findings suggest that mild iodine deficiency may contribute to the exceptionally high incidence of thyroid cancer in some areas in China. Maintaining appropriate iodine nutrition not only helps to eliminate IDD but also may help to reduce the occurrence of thyroid cancer.
Cleansing and separating: From modern agriculture and genocide to post-separation era
Authors: Bilewicz Michal , Bilewicz Aleksandra 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We propose that the metaphor of cleansing was a by-product of modernization processes. Based on cultural and historical evidence, we claim that the activation of cleansing metaphor triggered positive associations in times when separation was a positively regarded element of human culture and agriculture, but it should not exert the same effect in times when separation became culturally anachronistic.
Grounded procedures of connection are not created equal
Authors: Wentzel Daniel , von Walter Benjamin , Scharfenberger Philipp 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Lee and Schwarz propose that grounded procedures can also be related to connection rather than separation. Drawing on consumer behavior research, we point to different grounded procedures of connection – in terms of the motor actions involved, their salient properties, and their motivational conditions – and discuss how procedures of separation may be affected by the procedures of connection that precede them.
Separation/connection procedures: From cleansing behavior to numerical cognition
Authors: Felisatti Arianna , Fischer Martin H. , Kulkova Elena , Kühne Katharina , Michirev Alexej 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Lee and Schwarz (L&S) suggest that separation is the grounded procedure underlying cleansing effects in different psychological domains. Here, we interpret L&S's account from a hierarchical view of cognition that considers the influence of physical properties and sensorimotor constraints on mental representations. This approach allows theoretical integration and generalization of L&S's account to the domain of formal quantitative reasoning.
The role of meta-analysis and preregistration in assessing the evidence for cleansing effects
Authors: Ross Robert M. , van Aert Robbie C. M. , van den Akker Olmo R. , van Elk Michiel 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Lee and Schwarz interpret meta-analytic research and replication studies as providing evidence for the robustness of cleansing effects. We argue that the currently available evidence is unconvincing because (a) publication bias and the opportunistic use of researcher degrees of freedom appear to have inflated meta-analytic effect size estimates, and (b) preregistered replications failed to find any evidence of cleansing effects.
Grounded procedures in mind and society
Authors: Lee Spike W. S. , Schwarz Norbert 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOur commentators explore the operation of grounded procedures across all levels of analysis in the behavioral sciences, from mental to social, developmental, and evolutionary/functional. Building on them, we offer two integrative principles for systematic effects of grounded procedures to occur. We discuss theoretical topics at each level of analysis, address methodological recommendations, and highlight further extensions of grounded procedures.