bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regional modification of acceleration attenuation functions
Authors: Battis James 
Published: June 2021

abstractStrong ground motion attenuation functions developed on the basis of data from one physiographic region do not generally apply to other regions due to both differences in source characteristics and seismic wave attenuation. At the same time, many regions with known seismic hazard lack sufficient strong motion data to develop regionally unique attenuation functions.A method is proposed for the estimation of peak ground acceleration attenuation functions for these regions. The technique makes use of regional variations in relationships between event magnitude and epicentral intensity and event magnitude and radius of the felt area to correlate peak ground accelerations from a region which has empirical strong motion data to one lacking this data. The necessary relationships to make the modifications require only limited instrumental observations. The method is an improvement over previously suggested schemes in that the fundamental assumptions are more restricted than those previously used.
The effect of quaternary alluvium on strong ground motion in the Coyote Lake, California, earthquake of 1979
Authors: Joyner William B. , Warrick Richard E. , Fumal Thomas E. 
Published: June 2021

abstractThe effect of alluvium on strong ground motion can be seen by comparing two strong-motion records of the Coyote Lake, California, earthquake of 6 August 1979 (ML = 5.9). One record at a site on Franciscan bedrock had a peak horizontal acceleration of 0.13 g and a peak horizontal velocity of 10 cm/sec. The other, at a site 2 km distant on 180 meters of Quaternary alluvium overlying Franciscan, had values of 0.26 g and 32 cm/sec, amplifications by factors of 2 and 3. Horizontal motions computed at the alluvial site for a linear plane-layered model based on measured P and S velocities show reasonably good agreement in shape with the observed motions, but the observed peak amplitudes are greater by a factor of about 1.25 in acceleration and 1.8 in velocity. About 15 per cent of the discrepancy in acceleration and 20 per cent in velocity can be attributed to the difference in source distance; the remainder may represent focusing by refraction at a bedrock surface concave upward. There is no clear evidence of nonlinear soil response. Fourier spectral ratios between motions observed on bedrock and alluvium show good agreement with ratios predicted from the linear model. In particular, the observed frequency of the fundamental peak in the amplification spectrum agrees with the computed value, indicating that no significant nonlinearity occurs in the secant shear modulus. Computations show that nonlinear models are compatible with the data if values of the coefficient of dynamic shear strength in terms of vertical effective stress are in the range of 0.5 to 1.0 or greater. The data illustrate that site amplification may be less a matter of resonance involving reinforcing multiple reflections, and more the simple effect of the low near-surface velocity. Application of traditional seismological theory leads to the conclusion that the site amplification for peak horizontal velocity is approximately proportional to the reciprocal of the square root of the product of density and shear-wave velocity.
Covariance-invariant digital filtering—A better digital processing technique for ground motion studies
Authors: Ehrenberg J. E. , Hernandez E. N. 
Published: June 2021

abstractThis paper describes a new recursive digital algorithm for computing the response spectrum from acceleration data. The algorithm digitally implements a single degree of freedom oscillator using a covariance-invariant digital filter. It is shown that this technique will produce an accurate response spectrum from input data that have been sampled at a rate that is as low as three times the oscillator natural frequency, fn. The more common response spectrum digital filter obtained using a bilinear z transformation technique requires a sampling rate of ten times fn. The fact that the algorithm can be used for data with a low sampling rate makes it particularly well suited for real time, multi-frequency calculation of response spectra with a microprocessor system.
Inversion of teleseismic body waves for the moment tensor of the 1978 Thessaloniki, Greece, earthquake
Authors: Barker Jeffrey S. , Langston Charles A. 
Published: June 2021

abstractSeismograms from WWSSN and Canadian network stations were modeled to determine the source parameters of the 20 June 1978 Thessaloniki, Greece, earthquake (Ms = 6.4). The depth of the initial rupture was constrained to 11 ± 1 km by comparison of the arrival times of surface reflections with synthetic short-period seismograms. A focal sphere plot of first motion polarities provided little constraint on other focal parameters, except to indicate that predominantly normal faulting was involved. A generalized inverse technique utilizing the moment tensor formalism was applied to teleseismic P and SH waves for six increments of depth. The moment tensor obtained indicated a nearly horizontal, N-trending tension axis and a nearly vertical compression axis, and yielded the following double-couple source parameters: strike 280° ± 7°; dip 55° ± 3°; rake −65° ± 5°; seismic moment 5.7 × 1025 dyne-cm; and a skewed triangular source time function with a rise time of about 1 sec and duration of 6 to 8 sec. Due to indications of multiple or finite source effects for this event, and the assumption in the moment tensor formalism of a point source, a low-pass filter was applied to the data and the inversions were repeated. The results were nearly identical with those of the original inversion, suggesting that any individual sources had similar mechanisms, or that the point source model is sufficient for this earthquake.
A linear gradient crustal model for south Hawaii
Authors: Klein Fred W. 
Published: June 2021

abstract
A new crustal model with linear velocity gradients within layers does as good a job of locating earthquakes on south Hawaii as any model yet published. Incorporating linear gradients means the model can be simpler and free of artificial velocity discontinuities. Using travel-time residuals from local earthquakes and consistency of focal mechanism solutions as tests, it is seen that a low-velocity zone at the base of the crust is not required.
“The change in strain comes mainly from the rain”: Kipapa, Oahu
Authors: Wolfe J. E. , Berg E. , Sutton G. H. 
Published: June 2021

abstractStrain data from the Benioff type gauge installed in the Kipapa Tunnel on Oahu, Hawaii, are analyzed for the period February 1964 to May 1978. The predominant response is due to temperature variations and rainfall. A rainfallstrain transfer function is obtained using rain water infiltration and groundwater recession models developed by hydrologists. Numerical values obtained range from 0.27 to 0.53 × 10−7 strain/inch of rain (at a nearby rain gauge).Subtracting expansion of the quartz rod due to temperature variation, the linear expansion coefficient of in situ tholeiitic basalt of 32 × 10−7/°C is obtained.
Carcinoid tumour of appendixCarcinoid tumour of appendix
Authors: Siddiqui Abdul Rehman , Aren Shrey , Patra Rajat Kumar 
Published: June 2021

Carcinoid tumors are quite common neoplasm of the appendix. The clinical presentation of these lesions somewhat corelates to that of acute appendicitis, or the tumors are asymptomatic. The carcinoids are commonly found incidentally during histopathological examination of the resected appendix following appendectomy or other abdominal procedures. Appendiceal carcinoids usually behave as benign tumors and appendicectomy alone is a sufficient treatment in the majority of cases, while for larger lesions (lesions at the base of the appendix), right colectomy should be performed. The prognosis of patients with local appendiceal carcinoids is excellent. The present study reports the case of a 49-years-old male patient that presented with recurrent abdominal pain of 6 weeks duration. The patient underwent successful appendectomy and recovered four days later. Subsequently, an appendiceal carcinoid tumor located at the tip of the appendix was diagnosed by histopathological examination. Follow-up examination one year after surgery revealed that the patient was well with no discomfort.
Leksykalne wyznaczniki różnic kulturowo społecznych w recenzjach filmowych Zygmunta Kałużyńskiego
Authors: Filip Grażyna 
Published: June 2021

Podstawę materiałową artykułu tworzy zbiór recenzji filmowych Zygmunta Kałużyńskiego pt. Kanon królewski. Jego 50 ulubionych filmów (2005), wcześniej publikowanych na łamach czasopisma „Polityka”. Dzięki krytycznej analizie dzieła medialnego dziennikarz filmowy – autor recenzji odgrywa rolę rekonstruktora świadomości kulturowej i przewodnika po światowej kinematografii, pośrednicząc w odbiorze filmu.
Nadrzędnym pojęciem zastosowanym do porządkowania i opisu materiału przykładowego jest różnica odniesiona do przyjętych za Jadwigą Puzyniną użyć leksemu kultura jako: 1) specyficznych dla danej społeczności w określonej epoce dominant życia duchowego i społecznego; 2) przejawów działalności znakotwórczej; 3) zachowań grup społecznych i warunkujących je norm.
Kulturowa opozycja my – oni jest w tekstach Zygmunta Kałużyńskiego konkretyzowana za pomocą wyrażeń syntaktycznych implikujących przynależność do grupy społecznej lub/i narodowej, zwłaszcza wówczas, gdy różnice wyjaśniane przez krytyka ukazują rodzime opóźnienia kulturowe w stosunku do Zachodu. W przypadku prezentowania specyfiki i wkładu polskiej sztuki filmowej do światowej kinematografii – stosowane są leksemy wprost identyfikujące narodowość.
AN ANALYSIS OF REGIONAL DIVERSITY OF WOMEN EMPOWERMENT IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
Authors: Batool Hafsah , Asghar Nabila , Rehman Hafeez ur 
Published: June 2021

Purpose of the study: This study intends to demonstrate the importance of sub-provincial variation in women empowerment in Punjab, Pakistan.
Methodology: The study used the Cumulative Women Empowerment Index (CWEMI) for three regions of Punjab Pakistan, using primary data of 950 respondents. The data is obtained through multistage stratified cluster sampling techniques from Upper, Central, and Southern Punjab based on the prevalence of female literacy rate. The statistical technique namely Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) has been used to make the comparison on a regional and dimensional basis.
Main Findings: The result of the study shows that there exits substantial sub-provincial variation in upper, central, and southern Punjab regarding different domains of women empowerment.
Applications of this study: This study identifies the regional diversity in women empowerment in Punjab, Pakistan. The results of the study provide guidelines to the policymakers in formulating appropriate policies for eliminating diversity in women empowerment in different regions of Punjab, Pakistan.
Novelty/Originality of this Study: Improvement in women empowerment is regarded as an essential human right and sustainable development goals that needs appropriate monitoring. The majority of previous studies have tried to measure women's empowerment through developing several indices but these indices appear insufficient to meet the international standards. The present study is an attempt to track multiple domains of women empowerment through CWEMI. The results of the study may bring up a status of women empowerment across different regions of Punjab, Pakistan.
A QUEST FOR IDENTITY: AN ONTOLOGICAL SURVEY OF KAFKAESQUE WORLD
Authors: Akbar Muhammad Adnan , Jamil Eram , Khan Ihsan Ullah , Khan Nijat Ullah 
Published: June 2021

Purpose of the Study: Franz Kafka is a much-debated existential writer who portrays existential traumas prevalent in his era. This research unfolds identity-related issues present in an existential journey of characters. Those are usually discussed in terms of existence and being. Identity formation, in an existential narrative, is seen in the process of becoming.
Methodology: This paper is an interpretive phenomenological study to unearth the phenomenon of identity. Heidegger's interpretive phenomenology, along with Sartre's ontological framework, will be used to analyze Kafka's two novels, The Trial and The Castle. Yet, his book, Amerika, is left as it is considered unfinished.
Findings: The Kafkaesque world pictures the traumas of the existential world, and this study mainly focuses on the phenomenon of identity, which is in constant flux in these ever-changing dimensions of the existential journey. Authentic and inauthentic existence, good and bad faith, is essential binaries in evaluating the identity of any character at any given instance.
Application of the Study: This study will contribute to the understanding of characters of the Kafkaesque world in the light of the identity issues from an ontological perspective. As characters of Kafka are constantly striving to achieve good faith and trying to abandon inauthentic existence to attain harmony with their existence.
Novelty/Originality of the Study: Kafka has been studied for many existential perspectives, yet this study explores the phenomenon of identity embedded in the existential narrative. Identity is usually sought in relation to discourse and postcolonial studies while discussing the Kafkaesque world. Yet, in this research, identity-related issues have been coupled with existential and ontological processes going in the fictional narrative of Kafka.
Reflexiones para una educación decolonial y feminista: un asunto inaplazable
Authors: Polanco Zuleta Mara Karidy , Carrasco Lozano María Elza , Güereca Torres Raquel 
Published: June 2021

En el presente artículo exponemos una serie de reflexiones para ir pensando y consolidando ideas para una educación decolonial y feminista. Empezamos exponiendo los sesgos de género y raza en las ciencias y la exclusión sociopolítica de las mujeres para reflexionar sobre lo que implican las teorías y epistemologías feministas latinoamericanas y decoloniales. Posteriormente abordamos algunas ideas sobre cómo se construyó la educación que hoy en día reproducimos en la que se legitiman y validan sesgos de raza, clase y género. Finalmente, propuestas para tener en cuenta en una educación decolonial y feminista.Palabras claves: Educación. Estudios decoloniales. Feminismo decolonial. Resumo: Neste artigo, apresentamos uma série de reflexões para pensar e consolidar ideias para uma educação decolonial e feminista. Começamos expondo preconceitos de gênero e raça na ciência e a exclusão sociopolítica das mulheres, para continuar com algumas reflexões sobre o que as teorias e epistemologias feministas decoloniais e latino-americanas implicam. Posteriormente, abordamos algumas ideias sobre como a educação que reproduzimos hoje foi construída em que preconceitos de raça, classe e gênero são legitimados e validados. E terminamos expondo algumas ideias a serem levadas em consideração em uma educação decolonial e feminista.Palavras-chave: Educação. Estudos decoloniais. feminismo decolonial. Abstract: In this article, we present a series of reflections to think and consolidate ideas for a decolonial and feminist education. We begin by exposing gender and race prejudices in science and the socio-political exclusion of women, in order to continue reflectioning on what the decolonial and Latin American feminist theories and epistemologies imply. Subsequently, we approached some ideas about how the education we reproduce today was built in which prejudices of race, class, and gender are legitimized and validated. Finally, we expose proposals to be taken into account in a decolonial and feminist education.Keywords: Education. Decolonial studies. Decolonial feminism.
Educação decolonial: uma pauta emergente para o ensino de Ciências e Matemática
Authors: Silveira Bruna Pontes da , Lourenço Julio Omar da Silva , Monteiro Bruno Andrade Pinto 
Published: June 2021

O presente trabalho visa promover uma discussão acerca da relevância e emergência da pauta decolonial no âmbito do ensino de ciências e da matemática para o fomento da ideia de uma pluridiversidade e formação de uma sociedade atenta aos dilemas promovidos pelos processos históricos de colonização.. O campo de pesquisa em educação em ciências e matemática vem sinalizando nesses últimos anos uma intensa aproximação dos referenciais oriundos dos estudos decoloniais. Desse modo, este trabalho apresentará uma revisão bibliográfica preliminar que discutirá alguns pressupostos teóricos daquilo que se considera uma pauta decolonial, em caráter introdutório. Em seguida serão apresentados os resultados preliminares de duas pesquisas exploratórias no âmbito do ensino de ciências e da matemática para, a partir destes, promover uma reflexão sobre a urgência da pauta decolonial nessas duas áreas de conhecimento, tão fundamentais no alicerce do desenvolvimento de qualquer sociedade que valoriza sua história e cultura.Palavras-chave: Pauta decolonial. Decolonialidade. Ensino de Ciências. Ensino de Matemática Abstract: The present work aims to promote a discussion about the offer and emergence of the decolonial agenda in the scope of science and mathematics teaching to promote the idea of a pluridiversity and the formation of a society attentive to the dilemmas promoted by the historical processes of colonization. The field research in science and mathematics education has signaled in recent years an intense approximation of the references from decolonial studies. In this way, this work will present a preliminary bibliographic review that will discuss some theoretical assumptions of what is considered a decolonial agenda, in an introductory character. Then, the preliminary results of two exploratory researches in the scope of science and mathematics teaching will be obtained in order to promote a reflection on the urgency of the decolonial agenda in these two areas of knowledge, so fundamental in the foundation of the development of society that values its history and culture.Keywords: Decolonial thought. Decoloniality. Science teaching. Mathematics teaching.
КЛАССИФИКАЦИЯ ФОРМ СВЯЗАННОЙ ВОДЫ В КАОЛИНИТОВЫХ ГЛИНАХ
Authors: Середин Валерий Викторович , Ядзинская Марина Радиковна , Андрианов Андрей Владимирович 
Published: June 2021

Актуальность. Вода является важнейшей компонентой грунтов, так как оказывает влияние на основные геологические процессы. Это объясняется особенностями ее состава и строения. Многие ученые занимались изучением вопроса содержания связанной воды в глинах. Однако экспериментов по данному вопросу недостаточно. Целью данной работы является изучение форм связанной воды в каолинитовых глинах, отжимаемых при высоких давлениях, а также выявление связи между потерями масс воды под давлением и термодинамическими параметрами. Объект исследования – каолинитовые глины. Метод. Для достижения цели были подготовлены образцы каолинитовой глины с различной степенью обжатия под давлением. Затем проводился термогравиметрический анализ, в ходе которого измерялись потери массы связанной воды при нагревании до 1000 °С. С помощью атомно-силового микроскопа изучалось влияние шероховатости на количество отжимаемой связной воды из образцов каолинитовой глины. Результаты опытных данных и анализ термограмм позволили выделить четыре пика потери массы воды, в соответствии с этим предложена классификация связанной воды в глине: рыхлосвязанная вода поверхности коллоидов; прочносвязанная вода поверхности коллоидов; вода поверхности минералов; вода кристаллической решетки. Воздействие высокого давления на массу удаляемой воды неоднозначно. Это связано с тем, что под давлением происходит образование дефектов, как следствие изменяется энергетический потенциал и сорбционная активность глинистых частиц. При этом выявлена тесная связь между показателем шероховатости и градиентом удаляемой связанной воды в интервале давлений от 0 до 200 МПа. При давлениях от 200 до 800 МПа связь не установлена.
Relationship of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Duration with The Occurrence of Erectile Dysfunction at Puskesmas Denpasar Barat I
Authors: Sihite Alexander Petra , I Gusti Ngurah Pramesemara  , I Wayan Surudarma  
Published: June 2021

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that characterized by high blood sugar levels. This condition is often not noticed immediately and usually patient starting to realize it when complications have been occurred. A long-term complication of type 2 DM that occurred in men is erectile dysfunction (ED). ED is a condition when a person is unable to achieve or maintain an erection for sexual intercourse. One factor that influence the occurrence of ED and its severity in type 2 DM patients is the duration of the disease.
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of type 2 DM duration and the occurrence of ED.
Methods: This study is an observational analytic cross-sectional study conducted at the Puskesmas (Public Health Center) Denpasar Barat I. The research data was obtained through medical record data and fill the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) questionnaire on 36 type 2 DM patients aged around 40-60 years. The statistical analysis used was Fisher's exact test.
Results: The results showed that of the 36 samples, 19 (52.8%) samples had type 2 DM <24 months and 17 (47.2%) samples had type 2 DM >24 months. It was found that 5 (13.9%) samples did not experience ED while the rest experienced ED with different severity. There was a significant relationship between the type 2 DM duration and the occurrence of erectile dysfunction at Puskesmas Denpasar Barat I (p = 0.022).
Conclusion: Study has found that type 2 DM patients with the longer duration (>24 months) have a higher occurrence of ED and tended to be more severe compared to those with shorter duration (<24 months). Further studies should be performed with higher number of patients and more controlled risk factor so it will be more accurate in determining the relationship between the duration of type 2 DM and ED.