bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Severe Retinopathy of Prematurity Is Not Independently Associated With Worse Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Preterm Neonates
Authors: Altendahl Marie , Sim Myung Shin , Kokhanov Artemiy , Gundlach Bradley , Tsui Irena , Chu Alison 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) severity and neurodevelopmental outcomes in premature neonates at 0–36 months corrected age.Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on 228 neonates screened for ROP at the UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital between 2011 and 2018. Demographic information, clinical outcomes, ROP severity (no ROP, type 1 ROP, type 2 ROP), and Bayley-III neurodevelopmental scores were collected. Infants were grouped into corrected age cohorts (0–12, 12–24, and 24–36 months) to assess neurodevelopmental outcomes with increasing age. Within each age cohort, ANOVA and Chi-Square testing were used to detect differences in birth characteristics and neurodevelopmental scores between infants with type 1 ROP, type 2 ROP, or no ROP. Univariable analyses assessed the relationship between ROP severity and neurodevelopmental outcomes within each age cohort. A multivariable analysis was then performed to determine if ROP severity remained significantly associated with worse neurodevelopmental scores after controlling for birth weight (BW), intraventricular hemorrhage grade (IVH), health insurance type, male sex, and age at Bayley testing.Results: Without controlling for factors associated with prematurity, neonates with type 1 ROP had poorer cognition (p = 0.001) and motor (p = 0.006) scores at ages 0–12 months and poorer cognition (p = 0.01), language (p = 0.04) and motor (p = 0.04) scores at ages 12–24 months than infants without ROP, but no significant differences were detected at ages 24–36 months. After adjusting for BW, IVH, insurance type, male sex, and age at Bayley testing, ROP severity was no longer associated with worse neurodevelopmental scores in any domain.Conclusion: This study emphasizes that poorer neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm neonates are most likely related to lower birthweight, associated co-morbidities of prematurity, and socioeconomic factors such as health insurance, not severity of ROP itself.
Glycyrrhizic Acid for COVID-19: Findings of Targeting Pivotal Inflammatory Pathways Triggered by SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Zheng Wenjiang , Huang Xiufang , Lai Yanni , Liu Xiaohong , Jiang Yong , Zhan Shaofeng 
Published: June 2021

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is now a worldwide public health crisis. The causative pathogen is severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Novel therapeutic agents are desperately needed. Because of the frequent mutations in the virus and its ability to cause cytokine storms, targeting the viral proteins has some drawbacks. Targeting cellular factors or pivotal inflammatory pathways triggered by SARS-CoV-2 may produce a broader range of therapies. Glycyrrhizic acid (GA) might be beneficial against SARS-CoV-2 because of its anti-inflammatory and antiviral characteristics and possible ability to regulate crucial host factors. However, the mechanism underlying how GA regulates host factors remains to be determined.Methods: In our report, we conducted a bioinformatics analysis to identify possible GA targets, biological functions, protein-protein interactions, transcription-factor-gene interactions, transcription-factor-miRNA coregulatory networks, and the signaling pathways of GA against COVID-19.Results: Protein-protein interactions and network analysis showed that ICAM1, MMP9, TLR2, and SOCS3 had higher degree values, which may be key targets of GA for COVID-19. GO analysis indicated that the response to reactive oxygen species was significantly enriched. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that the IL-17, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN signals, complement system, and growth factor receptor signaling are the main pathways. The interactions of TF genes and miRNA with common targets and the activity of TFs were also recognized.Conclusions: GA may inhibit COVID-19 through its anti-oxidant, anti-viral, and anti-inflammatory effects, and its ability to activate the immune system, and targeted therapy for those pathways is a predominant strategy to inhibit the cytokine storms triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Nasal High Flow at 25 L/min or Expiratory Resistive Load Do Not Improve Regional Lung Function in Patients With COPD: A Functional CT Imaging Study
Authors: Cohen Julien G. , Broche Ludovic , Machichi Mohammed , Ferretti Gilbert R. , Tamisier Renaud , Pépin Jean-Louis , Bayat Sam 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundNasal high flow (NHF) is a non-invasive breathing therapy that is based on the delivery via a large-caliber nasal cannula of heated and humidified air at flow rates that exceed peak inspiratory flow. It is thought that positive airway pressure generated by NHF can help reduce gas trapping and improve regional lung ventilation. There are no data to confirm this hypothesis at flow rates applicable in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients.MethodsIn this study, we used non-rigid registration of computed tomography (CT) images acquired at maximal expiration and inspiration to compute regional lung attenuation changes (ΔHU), and lung displacement (LD), indices of regional lung ventilation. Parametric response maps (Galban et al., 2012) were also computed in each experimental condition. Eight COPD patients were assessed at baseline (BL) and after 5 min of NHF and expiratory resistive loading (ERL).ResultsΔHU was: BL (median, IQR): 85 (67.2, 102.8); NHF: 90.7 (57.4, 97.6); ERL: 74.6 (46.4, 89.6) HU (p = 0.531); and LD: 27.8 (22.3, 39.3); 17.6 (15.4, 27.9); and 20.4 (16.6, 23.6) mm (p = 0.120) in the 3 conditions, respectively. No significant difference in trapping was observed. Respiratory rate significantly decreased with both treatments [BL: 17.3 (16.4, 18.9); NHF: 13.7; ERL: 11.4 (9.6, 13.2) bpm; and p &lt; 0.001].ConclusionNeither NHF at 25 L/min nor ERL significantly improved the regional lung ventilation of stable COPD patients with gas trapping, based on functional lung CT imaging. Further study including more subjects is needed to assess the potential effect of NHF on regional lung function at higher flow rates.Clinical Trial Registrationwww.clinicaltrials.gov/under, identifier NCT03821311.
Perspective From a Youth Environmental Activist: Why Adults Will Listen to Youth in Politics
Authors: Hartley Jenna M. , Higgins Katelyn M. , Peterson M. Nils , Stevenson Kathryn T. , Jackson Megan W. 
Published: June 2021

This perspective article is divided between the account of an emerging youth political activist, Katelyn Higgins, and the subsequent collaborative research project she coordinated. After 10 years of experience in youth political action, Higgins worked with co-authors to develop a qualitative study to explore the processes underlying youth influence over local environmental policymaking. We present findings from that study to supplement her perspective. The study supported fourth and fifth grade teachers by offering a marine debris curriculum which encouraged students to share their knowledge with local community members through environmental activism events. At the first event, students aged 8–10 presented at a town hall meeting; we interviewed 16 adults in attendance. The second “event” was a series of video PSAs (Public Service Announcements) in which students from across the state of North Carolina, United States, explained the harms of marine debris. Those PSAs were emailed to local officials; we conducted follow-up interviews with two officials. Four themes emerged to characterize how adults responded to youth environmental activism: young people were inspiring; adults want to support young people; and adults view young people as able to provide leadership for local action and challenge the establishment. Youth leaders and those looking to support them should be encouraged by these results, as they suggest adults, including local public officials, consider youth voices valuable and uniquely situated to foster productive political processes for addressing marine debris. Future research should continue to explore the degree to which positive feelings expressed by adults translate to action.
Multifamily Therapy for Adolescents With School Refusal: Perspectives of the Adolescents and Their Parents
Authors: Roué Aurélie , Harf Aurélie , Benoit Laelia , Sibeoni Jordan , Moro Marie Rose 
Published: June 2021

Introduction:School refusal is an important public health concern in adolescent psychiatry increasing over the past several years (5% of child and adolescent psychiatry consultations in France). Multifamily therapy has developed over 30 years. Its efficacy is validated in adult, child and adolescent psychiatry, including for children at risk of school exclusion. In this study, we aimed to explore the adolescents and their parent's experience of a multifamily therapy treatment of school refusal with a qualitative method.Materials and Methods:This qualitative study is based on an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis approach. We conducted 15 semi-structured interviews, participants were adolescents (n= 6) and their parents (n= 9) who experienced multifamily therapy in an adolescent department in Paris. Data analysis was performed independently by two researchers.Results:For the six families, school was a source of suffering, system paralysis and social exclusion. Families reported painful emotions and separation anxiety. For teenagers, multifamily therapy increased self-confidence and allowed group experience. For parents, it gave support and relieved from feelings of stigmatization and guilt. Parents became more aware of their adolescent's suffering and their insight. They all considered that multifamily therapy improved intra-family communication and expression of emotion. Participants highlighted the benefits of intergenerational interactions, activities, group and guidance from therapists.Discussion:Multifamily therapy uses therapeutic tools from both family therapy (joining, resonance, family competence, and metacommunication) and group therapy (use of media, identity device, and mirror reactions). Parents expect school solutions from multifamily therapy and question how psychiatric treatment can deal with school, school refusal being therefore understood as a social functioning disorder.
Co-development of a Best Practice Checklist for Mental Health Data Science: A Delphi Study
Authors: Kirkham Elizabeth J. , Crompton Catherine J. , Iveson Matthew H. , Beange Iona , McIntosh Andrew M. , Fletcher-Watson Sue 
Published: June 2021

Background: Mental health research is commonly affected by difficulties in recruiting and retaining participants, resulting in findings which are based on a sub-sample of those actually living with mental illness. Increasing the use of Big Data for mental health research, especially routinely-collected data, could improve this situation. However, steps to facilitate this must be enacted in collaboration with those who would provide the data - people with mental health conditions.Methods: We used the Delphi method to create a best practice checklist for mental health data science. Twenty participants with both expertise in data science and personal experience of mental illness worked together over three phases. In Phase 1, participants rated a list of 63 statements and added any statements or topics that were missing. Statements receiving a mean score of 5 or more (out of 7) were retained. These were then combined with the results of a rapid thematic analysis of participants' comments to produce a 14-item draft checklist, with each item split into two components: best practice now and best practice in the future. In Phase 2, participants indicated whether or not each item should remain in the checklist, and items that scored more than 50% endorsement were retained. In Phase 3 participants rated their satisfaction with the final checklist.Results: The final checklist was made up of 14 “best practice” items, with each item covering best practice now and best practice in the future. At the end of the three phases, 85% of participants were (very) satisfied with the two best practice checklists, with no participants expressing dissatisfaction.Conclusions: Increased stakeholder involvement is essential at every stage of mental health data science. The checklist produced through this work represents the views of people with experience of mental illness, and it is hoped that it will be used to facilitate trustworthy and innovative research which is inclusive of a wider range of individuals.
ANALISIS KOMPARATIF KINERJA KEUANGAN BERBASIS TINGKAT STRUKTUR MODAL PADA INDUSTRI BARANG KONSUMSI YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI
Authors: Yonggara Yoliana , Murni Sri , Tulung Joy Elly 
Published: June 2021

Abstract: This research aims to see the comparison of financial performance based on capital structure at consumer goods industry that listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2015-2018. The sampling method by using purposive sampling with certain criteria. The population in this research are fifty four companies and the sample used are twenty six consumer goods companies. Data analysis method that used in this research is Independent sample T-Test. The result of this research simultaneously showed that there were no significant differences financial performance between high leverage companies and low leverage companies. Meanwhile, partially showed that there were significant differences between high leverage and low leverage companies viewed by Current Ratio. While, Return on Asset, Return on Equity, Net Profit Margin, Total Asset Turnover, Earning Per Share has no significant differences between high leverage and low leverage companies. Companies should make performance improvements in order to get more optima results. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbandingan kinerja keuangan berdasarkan struktur modal pada industri barang konsumsi di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2015-2018. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan kriteria tertentu. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 54 perusahaan dan Sampel yang digunakan adalah 26 perusahaan industri barang konsumsi. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji independent sample t-test. Hasil penelitian uji beda secara simultan menyatakan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan kinerja keuangan yang signifikan antara perusahaan high leverage dan low leverage. Sedangkan secara parsial menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan kinerja keuangan yang signifikan antara perusahaan high leverage dan low leverage jika dilihat dari Current Ratio. Sedangkan Return on Asset, Return on Equity, Net Profit Margin, Total Asset Turnover, Earning Per Share menyatakan tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara perusahaan high leverage dan low leverage. Perusahaan sebaiknya melakukan peningkatan kinerja agar mendapatkan hasil yang lebih optimal. Keywords: financial performance, leverage, t test
FACTORS AFFECTING NURSE ANXIETY IN ROLE AS A CAREGIVER DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Septianingrum Yurike , Fitriasari Andikawati , Wardani Erika Martining 
Published: June 2021

Background: During the Covid-19 outbreak, health workers, especially nurses, are vulnerable to potential psychological symptoms such as anxiety, which can prevent nurses from carrying out their role as caregivers in health services (Lai et al., 2020; Shanafelt et al., 2020).
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that can influence the anxiety of nurses in playing the role of caregiver during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with a population of all nurses who met the inclusion criteria as much as 105 nurses. The research sample was selected through stratified random sampling and obtained 84 nurses. This research was conducted at RSI Jemursari Surabaya from June until September 2020. The research instruments used in this study were the demographic observation sheet, knowledge questionnaire, and the Hamilton Anxiety Rank Scale (HARS). Data analysis used Pearson chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression.
Results: The results of the Pearson Chi-square test showed that of all the factors studied, only age (p = 0.004), availability of personal protective equipment (p = 0.002), and knowledge (p = 0.017) influenced nurses' anxiety. The results of the analysis using multivariate logistic regression test showed that the factor that most influenced nurses' anxiety was the availability of personal protective equipment (p = 0.001; OR = -3.062).
Conclusion: Younger nurses, inadequate personal protective equipment, and less knowledgeable nurses were at high risk for more severe anxiety. Regular observation of the psychological condition of nurses and the fulfillment of the need for personal protective equipment is needed to prevent increased anxiety in nurses.

Keywords: Nurse, anxiety, Covid-19, caregiver.
THE EFFECT OF THE USE OF SCRUB, CONSUMPTION OF TRADITIONAL HERBAL AND EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF UNDERAGE INFANTS FROM 12 MONTHS IN MADURA COMMUNITY, EAST JAVA
Authors: Kamariyah Nurul , Nurjanah Siti 
Published: June 2021

Background: The tradition that is still attached to the Madura community even though they have received higher education is to maintain the culture of their ancestors which is perceived to be true, restricted movement, use of body scrubs, drinking herbal medicine, and giving food to babies early. This will continue to be implemented by their children and grandchildren as long as the problem is believed to be the best tradition (Kamariyah, 2019).
Objectives: The purpose of this research was to analyze the effect of using scrubs, consumption of herbs, and exclusive breastfeeding with the development of infants less than 12 months in the Madura community of East Java.
Methods: This research used analytical research design. the population is postpartum mothers and infants under the age of 12 months in the Madura community, East Java, with population of 30 people, a sample of 26 respondents simple random sampling. The independent variables are the use of scrubs, consumption of herbal medicine, and exclusive breastfeeding, while the dependent variable is infant development. Data collection was done by means of interviews and observations, and the analysis of the data used was the Mann-Whitney test. The results of the Mann-Whitney statistical test with significance level 0.05.
Results: The result was 0.002 < α 0.05 so that H0 was rejected, which means that there is an influence of the tradition of consuming herbal medicine with the breastfeeding, the result is 0.022<0.05 so that H0 is rejected, which means that there is an influence of the tradition of exclusive breastfeeding. with the development of infants aged less than 12 months in the Madurese community of East Java. Conclusion: Consumption of herbal medicine, use of scrubs and exclusive breastfeeding will increase the development of infants before the age of 12 months in the Madurese community of East Java.
Conclusion: Expected to apply the existing culture while still paying attention to the science that develops according to its era, for health workers to disseminate the knowledge obtained and change the mindset of the community.

Keywords: Herbal, scrub, exclusive, development.
МОРФОЛОГІЧНІ ТА БІОХІМІЧНІ ПОКАЗНИКИ КРОВІ КОРІВ ЗА КЕТОЗУ
Authors: Кременчук І. , Трач В. 
Published: June 2021

У статті наведено наукові данні щодо зміни морфологічних та біохімічних показників крові у корів хворих на кетоз. Встановлено, що У корів, хворих на кетоз, знижувалася кількість еритроцитів та лейкоцитів. У корів, хворих на кетоз, посилювався кетогенез, що спричиняло нагромадження надлишку кетонових тіл в організмі. Ступінь кетонурії був прямо пропорційним концентрації кетонових тіл у крові (р < 0,001). У хворих на кетоз корів виявили гіпоглікемію, вміст глюкози в крові знизився на 16 %. Активність аспартат-, та аланінамінотрансферази у крові корів хворих на кетоз була більшою на 116 та 81 % відповідно до здорових тварин.
ГЕМАТОЛОГІЧНІ ЗМІНИ ТА ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ КОМБІНОВАНОЇ ТЕРАПІЇ ЗА ГЕНЕРАЛІЗОВАНОЇ ФОРМИ ДЕМОДЕКОЗУ СОБАК
Authors: Довгій Ю. , Прихода І. , Довгій М. 
Published: June 2021

За результатами досліджень інтенсивності інвазії демодекозу у хворих собак за генералізованої форми демодекозу встановлено,що на 10 - добу лікування цей показник знизився з 17,9 ± 0,79 до 5,9 ± 0,20 екземплярів кліщів у мазку, а на 20 - добу живих збудників виявлено не було . Результат був однаковим для тварин, які отримали дектомакс + сірково-дегтярний лінімент + тілозин 5%, та для тих, яких лікували за схемою детомакс + екстракт личинок воскової молі 2,5% + сірково –дегтярний лінімент з додаванням личинок воскової молі + тілозин 5%. Дектомакс проявив 100% ефективність щодо збудників демодекозу, а засоби симтоматичної терапії не впливали на його акарицидну дію щодо демодекозу. У результаті щоденого клінічного обстеження досліджених собак 1 - ої групи було встановлено, що свербіж у них повністю зникає на 5 - добу лікування повне відновлення апетиту реєстрували на 10 - ту, гнійники та вузлики загоювались на 16 - ту, вирівнювання поверхні та стоншення враженої шкіри - на 21 - шу, відростання шерсті на уражених ділянках шкіри починалось на 24 - ту добу.
Завдяки додатковому застосуванню препаратів, що містять личинок воскової молі тваринам 2 - ої дослідної групи, вдалося досягти аналогічних результатів на 3, 5,10, 15 та 18 - ту добу лікування відповідно.
Морфологічне дослідження крові дослідних тварин на 30 - добу лікування показало,що застосування комплексу препаратів тваринам другої дослідної групи призвело до достовірного зменшення кількості лейкоцитів у крові з 11,40 ± 0,35 до 8.90 ± 0,31 Г/л ( на 21,9%, p в т.ч.- зниження кількості еозинофілів - з 3,9 ± 0,15 до 3,40 ± 0,10 % ( на 12,8), та зниження кількості паличко ядерних нейтрофілів з 5,70 ± 0,20 до 4,80 ± 0,77% (на 15,8) порівняно з показниками собак, яким застосували тільки дектомакс, сірково - дегтярний лінімент та тілозин 5%. (p<0,05).
За нормалізацію функціонування гепатоцитів вказували показники вмісту гемоглобіну, альбумінів, загального білірубіну а також активності АлАТ і АсАТ на 10 - ту, 20 - ту та 30 - ту добу лікування.
Crustáceos sobre-explotados e plano nacional de gestão dos caranguejos uçá (Ucides cordatus), guaiamú (Cardisoma guanhumi) e do siri-azul (Callinectes sapidus): uma estratégia para evitar que passem ao status de ameaçados de extinção.
Authors: Amaro Pinheiro Marcelo Antonio , Rodrigues Ana Maria Torres 
Published: June 2021

O Brasil assumiu um compromisso internacional para a conservação da fauna, flora e ecossistemas brasileiros ao assinar a Convenção sobre Diversidade Biológica (CDB). Entre os instrumentos de gestão ambiental para atingir esse objetivo, ambos previstos na legislação, estão os “Planos de Recuperação” para espécies ameaçadas de extinção e os “Planos de Gestão” para as classificadas como sobre-explotadas ou ameaçadas de sobre-explotação. A publicação da nova Lista de Espécies da Fauna Brasileira Ameaçadas de Extinção pela IN MMA nº 03/2003, não incluiu os peixes e invertebrados aquáticos, devido à inadequação dos critérios da IUCN para definição de organismos aquáticos ameaçados, mas também em função das pressões econômicas contrárias envolvidas. Tal fato conduziu à demanda por uma legislação complementar, a IN MMA nº 05/2004, que introduziu esses grupos em dois anexos: o anexo I, com as espécies ameaçadas, sem uso econômico e o anexo II, com as sobreexplotadas ou ameaçadas de sobreexplotação, para as quais admite-se o uso, mediante critérios. Os Planos de Gestão objetivam promover o uso sustentável desses recursos, assegurando a manutenção das populações em níveis satisfatórios, permitindo a continuidade da atividade econômica. Dentre as espécies comercialmente exploradas listadas no anexo II, estão três braquiúros – Caranguejo-uçá (Ucides cordatus), Guaiamú (Cardisoma guanhumi) e o Siri-azul (Callinectes sapidus), para os quais esse artigo apresenta as principais diretrizes traçadas para o “Plano Nacional de Gestão” dessas espécies.