bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compression stiffness evaluation of polycaprolactone‐amorphous calcium phosphate 3D‐designed scaffolds oriented by finite element analysis
Authors: Liu James , Roque Renan , Barbosa Gustavo Franco , Malavolta Alexandre Tácito 
Published: June 2021

AbstractScaffolds are implants used to accelerate bone regeneration process, being a relevant element of research in bone tissue engineering field. In this context, the proposal of this research was to perform a mechanical behavior evaluation, by finite element analysis (FEA), of two different configurations of 3D scaffolds fabricated in a type of composite material of PCL‐ACP (polycaprolactone and amorphous calcium phosphate). The numerical results were compared with the experimental data and also, used to determine the compression stiffness of each studied scaffold configuration. Thus, it was possible to conclude that FEA is a tool that helps understand complex problems while being able to reduce time and cost in analysis, resulting in more efficient and less invasive medical procedures and treatments. In addition, the novelty of this multidisciplinary research work contributes as an application in tissue engineering area by relating a PCL‐ACP biomaterial with one unprecedented geometry of scaffold faced to FEA mechanical evaluation. Therefore, demonstrating to be a relevant subject for science by not only providing procedures that increases people's life quality but also for being a new application.
Recycling of waste cotton fabrics into regenerated cellulose films through three solvent systems: A comparison study
Authors: Zhou Chufan , Wang Yixiang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLarge amounts of textile waste are generated every year and disposed of through landfill or incineration, leading to numerous environmental and social issues. In this work, the dissolution of three typical waste cotton fabrics (t‐shirts, bed sheets and jeans) in NaOH/urea aqueous solution, H2SO4 aqueous solution, and LiCl/DMAc solution was investigated. Compared to different types of cotton fabrics, the effects of three solvents on the dissolution of fabrics were more obvious, leading to the significant changes in the structure and properties of regenerated cellulose films. Cotton fabrics (about 2%–5%) were rapidly dissolved (8 min) in H2SO4 and NaOH/urea solvents after acid pretreatment, while the dissolution in LiCl/DMAc solvent did not need any pretreatment, but a lower cellulose concentration (1%), higher dissolution temperature (80°C), and longer dissolution time (24 h) were required. The films produced from bed sheets in NaOH/urea solution exhibited the highest tensile strength, thermal stability, and water vapor barrier property. It was because of the stronger cellulose chain entanglement and hydrogen bonds induced by the higher cellulose concentration in NaOH/urea solution. Therefore, this work proves the feasibility to recycle waste cotton fabrics into biodegradable cellulose films, which can be potentially used in various food and agricultural applications.
Environmental, social and governance disclosure and default risk
Authors: Atif Muhammad , Ali Searat 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe investigate whether environmental, social and governance (ESG) disclosure is related to default risk. Using a sample of US nonfinancial institutions from 2006 to 2017, we find that ESG disclosure is positively related to Merton's distance to default and is negatively related to the credit default swap spread, which suggests that firms with a higher ESG disclosure have lower default risk. Our analysis further indicates that the inverse effect of ESG disclosure on default risk is through increased profitability and reduced performance variability and cost of debt. We also document that the negative impact of ESG disclosure on default risk is existent only for mature and older firms. These results are important for all stakeholders of firms, including shareholders and bondholders to consider firm's ESG disclosure in conjunction with life cycle stage before making their investment decisions.
Ionic liquid‐based in situ product removal design exemplified for an acetone–butanol–ethanol fermentation
Authors: Chen Yuqiu , Garg Nipun , Luo Hao , Kontogeorgis Georgios M. , Woodley John M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSelecting an appropriate separation technique is essential for the application of in situ product removal (ISPR) technology in biological processes. In this work, a three‐stage systematic design method is proposed as a guide to integrate ionic liquid (IL)‐based separation techniques into ISPR. This design method combines the selection of a suitable ISPR processing scheme, the optimal design of an IL‐based liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) system followed by process simulation and evaluation. As a proof of concept, results for a conventional acetone–butanol–ethanol fermentation are presented (40,000 ton/year butanol production). In this application, ILs tetradecyl(trihexyl)phosphonium tetracyanoborate ([TDPh][TCB]) and tetraoctylammonium 2‐methyl‐1‐naphthoate ([TOA] [MNaph]) are identified as the optimal solvents from computer‐aided IL design (CAILD) method and reported experimental data, respectively. The dynamic simulation results for the fermentation process show that, the productivity of IL‐based in situ (fed‐batch) process and in situ (batch) process is around 2.7 and 1.8fold that of base case. Additionally, the IL‐based in situ (fed‐batch) process and in situ (batch) process also have significant energy savings (79.6% and 77.6%) when compared to the base case.
GZD824 overcomes FGFR1‐V561F/M mutant resistance in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Jiang Kaili , Tang Xia , Guo Jing , He Rui , Chan Shingpan , Song Xiaojuan , Tu Zhengchao , Wang Yuting , Ren Xiaomei , Ding Ke , Zhang Zhang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAbnormallyactivated FGFR1 has been validated as a therapeutic target for differentcancers. Although a variety of FGFR inhibitors have shown benefit in manyclinical patients with FGFR1 aberration, FGFR1 mutant resistance such as V561Mmutation, has been reported. To date however, no FGFR inhibitors have beenapproved to treat patients with FGFR mutant resistance. Herein, we report that GZD824, athird generation ABL inhibitor (Phase II, China), overcomes FGFR1‐V561F/M mutant resistance in vitro and in vivo. GZD824potently suppresses FGFR1/2/3 with an IC50 value of 4.14 ± 0.96, 2.77 ± 0.082, and 8.10 ± 0.15 nmol/L. It effectively overcomes FGFR1‐V561F/M and other mutantresistance in Ba/F3 stable cells (IC50:8.1–55.0 nM), and effectively inhibits the growth of Ba/F3‐FGFR1‐V561F/M mutantxenograft tumors in vivo (TGI=73.4%, 49.8% at20mg/kg, p.o, q2d). GZD824may be considered to be an effective drug to treat patients with FGFR1 abnormalactivation or mutant resistance in clinical trials.
Negative effects of psychotherapies: A systematic review
Authors: Paveltchuk Fernanda , Mourão Sabrina Emely de Queiroz , Keffer Stella , da Costa Rafael Thomaz , Nardi Antonio Egídio , de Carvalho Marcele Regine 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNegative effects (NE) can be defined as all changes experienced during or after the psychotherapeutic process, considered negative by the client, which are attributed by the client to the performed clinical interventions. This work aimed to conduct a systematic review about NE in clinical trials, investigating the definition and assessment of the construct. A secondary aim was to verify which approaches to psychotherapy were used in the selected studies and which had the greatest NE. Using PRISMA criteria to report systematic reviews, a survey was conducted by two independent researchers between April and July 2020 in the PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO and Science Direct databases to identify clinical trials evaluating the NE of psychotherapeutic interventions. Results showed difficulties regarding the consensus towards the definition of the construct and the standardisation of the measurement of NE may culminate in the difficulty of accessing the risks of the offered interventions. Four of six studies investigated differences between approaches to psychotherapy and, among them, which had the greatest NE. Results varied according to the approaches to psychotherapy investigated by each study.
Cobalt Phosphide Cocatalysts Coated with Porous N‐doped Carbon Layers for Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction
Authors: Niu Pingping , Pan Zhiming , Wang Sibo , Wang Xinchen 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCobalt phosphide (CoP) has been demonstrated as a cocatalyst for visible‐light‐sensitized CO2 reduction, but just with moderate selectivity, due to the competitive H2 generation reaction. Herein, the porous N‐doped carbon (NC) layer is in situ coated on the surface of CoP nanoparticles to fabricate the core‐shell CoP@NC composite cocatalyst. Benefiting from the outstanding electric conductivity and high surface area of the NC shell, the CoP@NC hybrid attains strengthened capabilities for charge separation/transfer and CO2 capture/activation. Besides, the direct contact of CoP with H2O is prevented by the porous NC shell with high hydrophobicity. Consequently, the photosensitized CO2‐to‐CO conversion efficiency and selectivity of CoP@NC hybrid are enhanced by 2.7 and 2.4 times, respectively, compared to bare CoP.
Liquid‐Phase Exfoliated Few‐Layer Iodine Nanosheets for High‐Rate Lithium‐Iodine Batteries
Authors: Kuang Chengwei , Zeng Wen , Qian Mengmeng , Liu Xiaoyu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRechargeable lithium‐iodine (Li‐iodine) batteries attract significant attention owning to their high energy density, wide abundance and low cost of iodine resources. However, iodine suffers from low electrical conductivity and high solubility in aprotic electrolyte, leading to fast capacity degradation, low columbic efficiency, as well as poor rate capability. Herein, we propose a simple method for the large‐scale production of two‐dimensional (2D) few‐layer iodine nanosheets (FLINs) via liquid‐phase exfoliation of iodine in deionized water. 2D FLINs could effectively improve rate capability by providing sufficient active sites and shortening the Li ion diffusion path. Meanwhile, graphene oxide (GO)@carbon nanotubes (CNT) hosts are designed to suppress the dissolution of iodine and enhance the electrical conductivity. GO@CNT@FLINs film exhibits excellent rate capability (220 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 and 96 mAh g−1 at 8 A g−1) and outstanding cycle stability (93.2 mAh g−1 at 2 A g−1 after 1000 cycles) for lithium storage due to the synergistic effects of GO@CNT hosts and 2D structure of FLINs. The controllable synthesis of FLINs provides a bright prospect for achieving high rate capability of Li‐iodine batteries and is of utmost importance to potential large‐scale applications.
Genome‐wide association study for traits related to seedling vigor in rice
Authors: Thapa Ranjita , Septiningsih Endang M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSeedling vigor is a desirable trait in direct‐seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.) to improve plant establishment and enhance weed competition. In this study, a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) on seedling vigor traits was performed on a rice panel of 244 accessions consisting of the five major rice subpopulations (aromatic, aus, tropical japonica, temperate japonica, and indica) using the 7K SNP Cornell‐IR LD Rice Array. A total of seven seedling vigor‐related traits were evaluated under controlled conditions in a growth chamber. All traits had a normal distribution with a wide range of phenotypic variation with CV between 27.6 and 43.9%, except for seedling dry weight, which had a CV of 11.4%. We identified 43 GWAS‐quantitative trait locus (QTL) regions associated with different seedling vigor traits, of which 19 QTL regions were near previously identified genes or QTL regions. These findings confirmed 19 previous QTL and identified 24 potential novel QTL targets for marker‐assisted breeding programs. Additionally, superior donors with high seedling vigor were identified and can be used for rice crop improvement in direct‐seeded systems.
Retracted: An improvement in the teaching of college English writing and communication tools for fifth generation network: Comparative study
Authors: Chen Dexi 
Published: June 2021

SummaryThere are many disadvantages in traditional college English writing teaching in wireless network. Consequently, the research and development for the fifth generation (5G) systems have already been started. It has a close‐to‐wide look of European 5G network. Literature reviews are limited to recent thematic IEEE Communications Magazine 5G issues and related white papers from a variety of sources. 5G network is the fifth generation wireless network communication technology for digital cellular networks, which supports a large amount of data traffic and massive number of wireless connections. In order to accomplish higher order teaching skills, the application of latest technology must be integrated into the curriculum. The rapid development of network communication technology provides a new perspective for English writing teaching, so teachers should make full use of network resources, especially 5G network communication tools, to improve English writing teaching. By exploring this new mode of network English writing teaching, this paper argues that network communication tools can further resource sharing, strengthen the interaction between teachers and students, and comprehensively improve their performance in English writing. In this study, 5G network‐based English writing and communication tools are used to improve the performance.
Impact of hospital transfer to hubs on outcomes of cardiogenic shock in the real world
Authors: Lu Daniel Y. , Adelsheimer Andrew , Chan Kevin , Yeo Ilhwan , Krishnan Udhay , Karas Maria G. , Horn Evelyn M. , Feldman Dmitriy N. , Sobol Irina , Goyal Parag , Bhatt Reema , Batra Supria , Sciria Christopher T. , Olonoff Danielle , Cheung Jim W. , Kim Luke K. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimsCardiogenic shock (CS) is associated with significant mortality, and there is a movement towards regional ‘hub‐and‐spoke’ triage systems to coordinate care and resources. Limited data exist on outcomes of patients treated at CS transfer hubs.Methods and resultsCardiogenic shock hospitalizations were obtained from the Nationwide Readmissions Database 2010–2014. Centres receiving any interhospital transfers with CS in a given year were classified as CS transfer ‘hubs’; those without transfers were classified as ‘spokes.’ In‐hospital mortality was compared among three cohorts: (A) direct admissions to spokes, (B) direct admissions to hubs, and (C) interhospital transfer to hubs. Among hospitals treating CS, 70.6% were classified as spokes and 29.4% as hubs. A total of 130 656 (31.7%) hospitalizations with CS were direct admission to spokes, 253 234 (61.4%) were direct admissions to hubs, and 28 777 (7.0%) were transfer to hubs. CS mortality was 47.8% at spoke hospitals and was lower at hub hospitals, both for directly admitted (39.3%, P < 0.01) and transferred (33.4%, P < 0.01) patients. Hospitalizations at hubs had higher procedural frequency (including coronary artery bypass graft, right heart catheterization, mechanical circulatory support), greater length of stay, and greater costs. On multivariable analysis, direct admission to CS hubs [odds ratio (OR) 0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.84–0.89, P < 0.01] and transfer to hubs (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.69–0.76, P < 0.01) were both associated with lower mortality.ConclusionWhile acknowledging the limited ability of the Nationwide Readmissions Database to classify CS severity on presentation, treatment of CS at transfer hubs was associated with significantly lower mortality within this large real‐world sample.
Immune checkpoint inhibitor myocarditis: elucidating the spectrum of disease through endomyocardial biopsy
Authors: Palaskas Nicolas L. , Segura Ana , Lelenwa Laura , Siddiqui Bilal A. , Subudhi Sumit K. , Lopez‐Mattei Juan , Durand Jean B. , Deswal Anita , Zhao Bihong , Maximilian Buja L. , Iliescu Cezar 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimsAlthough immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) myocarditis carries a high reported mortality, increasing reports of smoldering myocarditis suggest a clinical spectrum of disease. Endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) remains the gold standard for diagnosis of ICI myocarditis, but different pathologic diagnostic criteria exist. The objective of this study was to classify the spectrum of ICI myocarditis and myocardial inflammation by pathology findings on EMB and correlate this with clinical outcomes.Methods and resultsAll patients who had EMB at MD Anderson Cancer Center between January 2018 and August 2019 for suspected ICI myocarditis were retrospectively reviewed. A grading system (Grades 0–2) based on the degree of inflammatory infiltrate was developed by pathologists. Cardiovascular outcomes and treatment were compared between grades of pathology. We identified 28 patients who had EMB for suspected ICI myocarditis, of which 18 were positive for myocarditis/inflammation. There were four deaths (two in Grade 2 and two in Grade 1), but only one was attributable to myocarditis. Grade 2 patients had no myocarditis‐associated deaths despite having the highest troponin T values (median 2063 pg/mL). Four patients with Grade 1 myocardial inflammation continued ICI without any immunomodulation, and all were alive without adverse cardiovascular events at follow‐up.ConclusionWe defined an EMB grading system for ICI myocarditis encompassing a spectrum of histologic findings of inflammatory infiltrates. A subset of low‐grade myocardial inflammation patients were able to continue ICI without immunosuppressive therapy. Further studies are needed to identify low‐risk patients who can be safely treated with ICI.
Utilization of whey for formulation of whey jamun juice ice pops with antidiabetic potential
Authors: Jan Yasmeena , Malik Muneeb , Sharma Vasudha , Yaseen Mifftha , Bora Jinku , Haq Afrozul 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWhey utilization has been a subject of much research, as it has a very high biological oxygen demand (BOD) and must be treated prior to disposal. Several strategies, such as isolation of whey proteins, bioconversions of lactose to ethanol, and methane production, have aimed at reducing the organic load for reducing the BOD levels. In order to enhance the utilization of whey, a novel approach for formulating a functional food was employed. Whey was blended with jamun juice to prepare whey jamun ice pops (WJP) by the use of freezing technology (−20°C) with the addition of small amounts of citric acid as preservative as well as for enhancing taste and nonnutritive sugar (sucralose). The formulation containing 59.7 ml of jamun pulp juice, 40.11 ml of whey, 0.06 g of citric acid, and 0.13 g of sucralose, which ranked best among all combinations, was selected. The formulation was analyzed for physicochemical parameters, total polyphenols, total flavonoids, and sensory acceptability. WJP was found to have 78% DPPH (2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl) inhibition (antioxidant activity), 7.89 mg GAE/ml of total polyphenols, 4.58 QE mg/ml of total flavonoids, 0.7% (v/v expressed as citric acid) titrable acidity, pH 4.3, TSS 12 °Brix, 14.3 mg/100 ml vitamin C, and 6% reducing sugar. In the present study, in vitro antidiabetic activity showed inhibition of α‐amylase activity by 60%, and in vivo activity tested in albino rats revealed that the final product helped in regulating the blood glucose in the body.
Design of a FAIR digital data health infrastructure in Africa for COVID‐19 reporting and research
Authors: van Reisen Mirjam , Oladipo Francisca , Stokmans Mia , Mpezamihgo Mouhamed , Folorunso Sakinat , Schultes Erik , Basajja Mariam , Aktau Aliya , Amare Samson Yohannes , Taye Getu Tadele , Purnama Jati Putu Hadi , Chindoza Kudakwashe , Wirtz Morgane , Ghardallou Meriem , van Stam Gertjan , Ayele Wondimu , Nalugala Reginald , Abdullahi Ibrahim , Osigwe Obinna , Graybeal John , Medhanyie Araya Abrha , Kawu Abdullahi Abubakar , Liu Fenghong , Wolstencroft Katy , Flikkenschild Erik , Lin Yi , Stocker Joëlle , Musen Mark A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe limited volume of COVID‐19 data from Africa raises concerns for global genome research, which requires a diversity of genotypes for accurate disease prediction, including on the provenance of the new SARS‐CoV‐2 mutations. The Virus Outbreak Data Network (VODAN)‐Africa studied the possibility of increasing the production of clinical data, finding concerns about data ownership, and the limited use of health data for quality treatment at point of care. To address this, VODAN Africa developed an architecture to record clinical health data and research data collected on the incidence of COVID‐19, producing these as human‐ and machine‐readable data objects in a distributed architecture of locally governed, linked, human‐ and machine‐readable data. This architecture supports analytics at the point of care and—through data visiting, across facilities—for generic analytics. An algorithm was run across FAIR Data Points to visit the distributed data and produce aggregate findings. The FAIR data architecture is deployed in Uganda, Ethiopia, Liberia, Nigeria, Kenya, Somalia, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, and Tunisia.
Comparison of Clinical Features and Outcomes Between Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma and Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the United States
Authors: Lee Yi‐Te , Wang Jasmine J. , Luu Michael , Noureddin Mazen , Nissen Nicholas N. , Patel Tushar C. , Roberts Lewis R. , Singal Amit G. , Gores Gregory J. , Yang Ju Dong 
Published: June 2021

Background and Aims
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are the most common primary liver cancers (PLCs). Differences in their clinical features and outcomes are open for investigation in a large‐scale study. We aim to investigate the differences in clinical features and outcomes between iCCA and HCC.

Approach and Results
The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program 18 Database (2000‐2017) was used to extract demographic and clinical features of HCC and iCCA patients. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with iCCA diagnosis versus HCC. Cox regression analysis was used to assess factors affecting overall survival (OS). There were 13,611 iCCA and 96,151 HCC patients. Half of iCCA (50.7%) and three quarters of HCC (76.3%) patients were male. Diagnosis in recent year, age (<50 or ≥65), female sex, non‐Hispanic White race, higher income, rural area, and higher tumor burden were independently associated with iCCA diagnosis versus HCC. Patients with iCCA had worse OS than those with HCC (9 vs. 13 months; P < 0.001). However, OS was comparable between iCCA and HCC in multivariable analysis (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.02; 95% CI = 0.99‐1.05). In subgroup analyses, iCCA was associated with better OS than HCC in patients with tumor ≥5 cm (aHR = 0.83; 95% CI = 0.80‐0.86), lymph node involvement (aHR = 0.76; 95% CI = 0.72‐0.81), distant metastasis (aHR = 0.76; 95% CI = 0.73‐0.79), poorly/undifferentiated tumors (aHR = 0.88; 95% CI = 0.83‐0.94), and those receiving noncurative treatment (aHR = 0.96; 95% CI = 0.93‐0.98).

Conclusions
We identified the demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical features associated with iCCA diagnosis over HCC among patients with PLC. Although iCCA patients presented at an advanced stage, OS was similar between iCCA and HCC in multivariable analysis. iCCA was associated with longer OS for subgroups with poor prognostic features.