bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells enabled by doping a bromine-rich molecule
Authors: He Rui , Chen Tingting , Xuan Zhipeng , Guo Tianzhen , Luo Jincheng , Jiang Yiting , Wang Wenwu , Zhang Jingquan , Hao Xia , Wu Lili , Wang Ye , Constantinou Iordania , Ren Shengqiang , Zhao Dewei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Wide-bandgap (wide-E

g
, ∼1.7 eV or higher) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted extensive attention due to the great potential of fabricating high-performance perovskite-based tandem solar cells via combining with low-bandgap absorbers, which is considered promising to exceed the Shockley–Queisser efficiency limit. However, inverted wide-E

g
PSCs with a minimized open-circuit voltage (V
oc) loss, which are more suitable to prepare all-perovskite tandem devices, are still lacking study. Here, we report a strategy of adding 1,3,5-tris (bromomethyl) benzene (TBB) into wide-E

g
perovskite absorber to passivate the perovskite film, leading to an enhanced average V
oc. Incorporation of TBB prolongs carrier lifetimes in wide-E

g
perovskite due to reduction of defects in perovskites and makes a better energy level matching between perovskite absorber and electron transport layer. As a result, we achieve the power conversion efficiency of 17.12% for our inverted TBB-doped PSC with an enhanced V
oc of 1.19 V, compared with that (16.14%) for the control one (1.14 V).
Substrate-mediated hyperbolic phonon polaritons in MoO3
Authors: Schwartz Jeffrey J. , Le Son T. , Krylyuk Sergiy , Richter Curt A. , Davydov Albert V. , Centrone Andrea 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPhPs) are hybrid excitations of light and coherent lattice vibrations that exist in strongly optically anisotropic media, including two-dimensional materials (e.g., MoO3). These polaritons propagate through the material’s volume with long lifetimes, enabling novel mid-infrared nanophotonic applications by compressing light to sub-diffractional dimensions. Here, the dispersion relations and HPhP lifetimes (up to ≈12 ps) in single-crystalline α-MoO3 are determined by Fourier analysis of real-space, nanoscale-resolution polariton images obtained with the photothermal induced resonance (PTIR) technique. Measurements of MoO3 crystals deposited on periodic gratings show longer HPhPs propagation lengths and lifetimes (≈2×), and lower optical compressions, in suspended regions compared with regions in direct contact with the substrate. Additionally, PTIR data reveal MoO3 subsurface defects, which have a negligible effect on HPhP propagation, as well as polymeric contaminants localized under parts of the MoO3 crystals, which are derived from sample preparation. This work highlights the ability to engineer substrate-defined nanophotonic structures from layered anisotropic materials.
The effect of DNA bases permutation on surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectrum
Authors: Rubin Shimon , Nguyen Phuong H. L. , Fainman Yeshaiahu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) process results in a tremendous increase of Raman scattering cross section of molecules adsorbed to plasmonic metals and influenced by numerous physico-chemical factors such as geometry and optical properties of the metal surface, orientation of chemisorbed molecules and chemical environment. While SERS holds promise for single molecule sensitivity and optical sensing of DNA sequences, more detailed understanding of the rich physico-chemical interplay between various factors is needed to enhance predictive power of existing and future SERS-based DNA sensing platforms. In this work, we report on experimental results indicating that SERS spectra of adsorbed single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) isomers depend on the order on which individual bases appear in the 3-base long ssDNA due to intramolecular interaction between DNA bases. Furthermore, we experimentally demonstrate that the effect holds under more general conditions when the molecules do not experience chemical enhancement due to resonant charge transfer effect and also under standard Raman scattering without electromagnetic or chemical enhancements. Our numerical simulations qualitatively support the experimental findings and indicate that base permutation results in modification of both Raman and chemically enhanced Raman spectra.
Crystal structure of 4-[(5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino]-3-propyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5(4H)-thione, C12H13ClN4OS
Authors: Niu Mengyuan , Yuan Caixia 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
C12H13ClN4OS, triclinic, P

1
‾

$&#x203e;{1}$

(no. 2), a = 7.875(4) Å, b = 13.165(6) Å, c = 13.295(6) Å, α = 97.199(8)°, β = 93.065(9)°, γ = 95.187(8)°, V = 1359.0(11) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0638, ωR

ref
(F
2) = 0.2097, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of 7-chloro-N-(4-iodobenzyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridin-9-amine, C20H18ClIN2
Authors: Juan Luo , Jia Gu , Jie Wang , Li-Hui Liu , Da-Yong Peng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
C20H18ClIN2, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.5271(19) Å, b = 16.936(3) Å, c = 12.012(2) Å, β = 105.06(3)°, V = 1871.5(7) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0436, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1396, T = 296(2) K.

CCDC no.: 2059378
Crystal structure of 3-chloro-4-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)aniline monohydrate, C12H20ClN3O
Authors: Gu Jia , Chen Jin-Zhu , Nie Xu-Liang , Huang Guo-Ping , Huang Jian-Ping 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
C12H20ClN3O, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 27.228(5) Å, b = 11.380(2) Å, c = 9.3775(16) Å, β = 95.733(2)°, V = 2891.1(9) Å3, Z = 8, R

gt
(F) = 0.0372, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1058, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of [di(µ2-cyanido)-dicyanido-bis(dimethyl sulfoxide-κO)- bis(2,2′-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(azanylylidenemethanylylidene))diphenolato-κ4,N,N′,O,O′)- dimanganese(III)-platinum(II)], C40H40Mn2N8O6PtS2
Authors: Ha Kwang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
C40H40Mn2N8O6PtS2, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 10.5707(3) Å, b = 18.5331(5) Å, c = 12.0293(3) Å, β = 114.6276(10)°, V = 2142.26(10) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0148, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0380, T = 223 K.
Nonlinear absolute sea-level patterns in the long-term-trend tide gauges of the East Coast of North America
Authors: Boretti Alberto 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The paper provides an estimate of the latest relative and absolute rates of rise and accelerations of the sea levels for the East Coast of North America. The computation is based on the long-term trend (LTT) tide gauge records of the relative sea levels and the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) time series of the absolute position of fixed dome nearby the tide gauges. The GNSS result is used to infer the subsidence or uplift of the tide gauge instrument. The data of 33 LTT tide stations with more than 80 years of data are shown. The average relative sea-level rise is +2.22 mm/yr. subjected to a small, positive average acceleration of +0.0027 mm/yr2. The average absolute velocity of the tide gauge instruments is −0.52 mm/yr. translating in an average absolute sea-level rise of +1.70 mm/yr. This is the first paper publishing a comprehensive survey of the absolute sea-level rates of rise along the East Coast of North America using the reliable information of relative sea-level rates of rise from LTT tide gauges, plus the absolute subsidence rates from GNSS antennas that are close to the tide gauges installations.
The Quiet Project – UK Acoustic Community’s response to COVID19 during the easing of lockdown
Authors: Dance Stephen , McIntyre Lindsay 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The COVID-19 lockdown created a new kind of environment both in the UK and globally, never experienced before or likely to occur again. A vital and time-critical working group was formed with the aim of gathering crowd-source high quality baseline noise levels and other supporting information across the UK during the lock-down and subsequent periods. The acoustic community were mobilised through existing networks engaging private companies, public organisations and academics to gather data in accessible places. In addition, pre-existing on-going measurements from major infrastructure projects, airport, and planning applications were gathered to create the largest possible databank. A website was designed and developed to advertise the project, provide instructions and to formalise the uploading of noise data, observations and soundscape feedback. Two case studies gathered in the latter stage of full lockdown are presented in the paper to illustrate the changes in the environmental noise conditions relative to transport activity. Ultimately the databank will be used to establish the relation to other impacts such as air quality, air traffic, economic, and health and wellbeing. As publicly funded research the databank will be made publicly available to assist future research.
Hollywood and Wicked Other: The Identity Formation of “Western Us” Versus “Muslim Others”
Authors: Senanayake Harsha 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
An image on a screen can produce a greater effect than thousands of words in conveying a message and in popular culture, movies with images as a representation, create a discourse. Out of many, Hollywood which has become a flagbearer of western cinema, plays an important role in constructing identity and images including the stereotyping of Muslims. This paper attempts to identify the discourse of ‘US’ verses ‘THEM’ through Hollywood and in which ways Hollywood has constructed the stereotypical identity of Muslims. The main research question is whether the stereotyping of Muslims in Hollywood is a result of 9/11 global terrorism or has it been shaped by the historical discourse of western orientalism. The case study method has been employed to derive the insights of the discourse with the theoretical lights of Orientalism. A number of Hollywood movies have been cited to validate the identity formation process led by Hollywood in pre and post 9/11 American society and illustrate how the image has been used by Hollywood to construct ‘US’ verses ‘THEM’ in popular culture. This paper argues that Hollywood has depicted Muslims as barbaric, wicked others as a result of the civilizational mission of the West, orientalism and post 9/11 Hollywood cinema advocate these roots, yet with 9/11 Hollywood cinema plays a pivotal role in the securitization of ‘Muslim others’ and politicize Muslims as a threat to western society by stereotyping Muslim society in a post 9/11 epoch.
Factors That Militate Against Women Participation in Politics in Enugu State
Authors: Joy Oguadimma Ijeoma , Nwakalor Ebelechukwu O. , Ejinkeonye Jennifer B. A. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This research studied factors militating against women’s participation in politics in Enugu state using four communities (Amokwe, Ikpamodo, Ndeaboh and Eha-Amufu) drawn from three senatorial zones as case study sites. The research approach employed was Community Familiarization Visits, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and In-Depth Interview (IDI). The FGD comprised of women and men leaders in the selected communities who served as the respondents while in the case of IDI the selected women community leaders served as the respondents. The study revealed among other things that women from the study areas have not been actively involved in politics since the return of Democracy in 1999 mainly due to poor finance, lack of education, lack of support from fellow women and an unfavorable political environment. The study thereby recommends different measures to end women’s discrimination and intimidation, and the creation of a favorable environment for the improvement of women’s political participation in Enugu state.
Democracy and Political Violence in Nigeria Since Multi -Party Politics in 1999: A Critical Appraisal
Authors: Igwe Prince Ikechukwu , Amadi Luke 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The return to democracy in Nigeria in 1999 ushered in some form of political reforms, particularly in the conduct of multi- party elections however political violence appears perverse. The objective of this study is to explore how the prevalence of political violence has undermined Nigeria’s democracy. The analysis follows survey data to address the questions regarding democracy and political violence. The study draws from the frustration-aggression and group violence theories and provides a deepened analytic exploration. Based on some of the assumptions of democracy understood as freedom, equality, accountability, rule of law etc, the study argues that these assumptions obviously constitute a ‘universal pattern’ in democratic practice, which makes a critical evaluation of the Nigerian experience important. Consequently, our findings suggest that the prevalence of political violence is fundamentally an attribute of vested interests of the political elite. Some policy recommendations follow.
Das Fluchttier, das den Körper ausschaltet und als Mängelwesen in der Matrix existiert
Authors: Napoles Juliane Noack 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Der Gegenstand des vorliegenden Beitrags ist die Entwicklungstheorie von Paul Alsberg (1883-1965) und deren Prinzip der Körperausschaltung. Erkenntnisleitend ist die Frage, wohin diese Ausschaltung führt, wenn sie realisiert wird. Ein Szenario, das – so die hier vertretene These – das vollzogene Prinzip der Körperausschaltung mit den Mitteln des ästhetischen Ausdrucks thematisiert, ist der Film Matrix (1999). In diesem Sinne wird zuerst Alsberg und dessen Werk vorgestellt. Anschließend folgt eine kurze Einführung in seine Theorie der menschlichen Entwicklung durch Körperausschaltung in ihren wesentlichen Gesichtspunkten. Darauf basierend werden durch die Brille dieser anthropologischen Theorie des Menschen als Mängelwesen einzelne, die Thematik des Films Matrix konstituierende Aspekte beleuchtet.
Von Mangel, Zucht und Führung
Authors: Burghardt Daniel 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Der Beitrag diskutiert Arnold Gehlens Figur des Mängelwesens und vollzieht dessen anthropologische Annahmen anhand zentraler Rezeptionslinien nach: An Gehlens Modell entzünden sich zahlreiche Debatten, die von einer Replik des nationalsozialistischen Pädagogen Ernst Krieck über verhaltens- und evolutionsbiologische Korrekturen bis hin zur Kritik und entschiedenen Ablehnung des Werkes reichen. Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt wird dabei auf die Rezeption durch Theodor W. Adorno und Jürgen Habermas als zentrale Protagonisten der Kritischen Theorie gelegt. Schließlich soll vor diesem Hintergrund Gehlens Werk in den Kanon der Neuen Rechten, denen er mittlerweile als Vordenker gilt, eingeordnet werden.
Morphology optimization of poly(ethylene terephthalate)/polyamide blends compatibilized via extension-dominated twin-screw extrusion
Authors: Chen Hao , Guo Molin , Schiraldi David , Maia João M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and polyamide (PA) are immiscible polymers, which requires the use of compatibilizers to stabilize the morphology and achieve acceptable property levels. Therefore, controlling the degree of dispersion, especially the size of the disperse PA droplets in the PET matrix is of paramount importance. This study aims to improve the mixing, i.e., minimize PA droplet size, in immiscible and compatibilized PET/PA and PET/Nylon-MXD6 (MXD6) blends by resorting to extension-dominated mixing in twin-screw extrusion (TSE). MXD6 is an aromatic polyamide similar in polarity to PET, so it is expected that it will blend more effectively than is the case with aliphatic nylon-6 and PET. Two screw configurations are used, a benchmark shear-dominated screw with kneading blocks (KBs) in an aggressive configuration, and an extension-dominated screw configuration with static mixers with hyperbolic C–D channels, recently developed by our group, in place of the KBs. The results show that the use of extensional mixing elements (EMEs) in place of KBs results in a significant decrease of both average and maximum droplet size for all blends, and up to more than one order of magnitude between the most extreme cases of the KB-processed immiscible blend and EME-processed compatibilized blends.
Cadmium sulfide / selenide pigments
Authors: Pfaff Gerhard 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCadmium sulfide and selenide pigments (cadmium pigments) belong to the inorganic yellow, orange and red pigments. Cadmium sulfide pigments are based on the wurtzite lattice, where cadmium can be partially substituted by zinc or mercury and sulfide by selenide. Cadmium pigments are characterized by excellent optical and application characteristics in particular regarding brightness of shade, hiding power, tinting strength, and weather fastness. The declining use of cadmium-containing materials in the last decades is a result of the environmental discussion and the development of less problematic substitute products, especially of bismuth vanadate and high-value organic, temperature-stable yellow and red pigments.
The influence of gamma radiation on organic compounds having carbon ring and its application in dosimetry
Authors: Tokhy Hatem Hussny , Elmaghraby Elsayed K. , Abdelhady AbdelWahab M. , Eid Ahmed M. , Rammah Yasser S. , Awad El-Sayed M. , Abdelaal Saad 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The formation of highly oxidizing radicals in multifunctional-solid compounds upon irradiation with gamma-ray had been investigated. Five organic compounds having a single carbon ring had been used in the present investigation; these materials are 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene, 4′-aminoacetophenone, 3′-hydroxyacetophenone, n-anthranilic acid, and triphenylmethane. These material were irradiated using 60Co radiation with different doses between 20 and 100 kGy. Electron spin resonance spectroscopy spotted increases of the resonance absorption having landé factor around 2.0113 ± 0.003 upon irradiation with the increasing of dose. This resonance absorption was related to the formation of long-lived oxygen radicals that were attached to one of the radiation synthesized compounds. The method of infrared absorption spectroscopy emphasized the formation of cyclic and aliphatic hexane in addition to the active oxygen radicals. n-Anthranilic acid was found to be suitable for radiation the dosimetry with long-lasting radiation signature as electron spin and also to determine the exposure dose. The time-lapse infrared and electron spin resonance measurements had been used to tracked the formation of active species within the time-lapsed after the end of exposure; results showed that the dosimetric signature may be used as a tracker for the time when the exposure happens.
Physical exercise promotes brain remodeling by regulating epigenetics, neuroplasticity and neurotrophins
Authors: Liang Juan , Wang Huiqing , Zeng Yan , Qu Yi , Liu Qian , Zhao Fengyan , Duan Jianan , Jiang Yin , Li Shiping , Ying Junjie , Li Jinhui , Mu Dezhi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Exercise has been shown to have beneficial effects on brain functions in humans and animals. Exercise can improve memory and learning in age-related neurodegenerative diseases. In animal models, physical exercise regulates epigenetics, promotes synaptic plasticity and hippocampal neurogenesis, regulates the expression levels of neurotrophic factors, and improves cognitive function. Therefore, exercise is very important for brain rehabilitation and remodeling. The purpose of this review is to explore the mechanisms by which exercise exerts positive effects on brain function. This knowledge implies that physical exercise can be used as a non-drug therapy for neurological diseases.
COVID-19 and stroke: from the cases to the causes
Authors: Frisullo Giovanni , Scala Irene , Bellavia Simone , Broccolini Aldobrando , Brunetti Valerio , Morosetti Roberta , Della Marca Giacomo , Calabresi Paolo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
During COVID-19 pandemic, a wide variety of stroke typologies have been described in patients affected by SARS-CoV-2. Investigating the case reports of acute stroke in COVID-19 patients, published since the beginning of the pandemic, we tried to trace the pathogenic mechanisms of stroke during SARS-CoV-2 infection. We conducted a systematic review analyzing demographic data, cerebrovascular risk factors, NIHSS score, vascular territory involvement and laboratory findings of 168 patients described in 89 studies, from a pool of 1243 records. Based on our results, we have identified different stroke profiles: (1) cerebral large vessel disease (CLVD) profile with a low disability, simultaneous onset of COVID-19 and stroke symptoms, good outcome and low serum levels of D-dimer and CRP; (2) intracranial bleeding (IB) profile with high disability, poor outcome and low levels of serum markers of inflammation and coagulopathy; (3) CLVD profile with a short time-lapse between COVID-19 symptoms and stroke onset, high neurological disability and very high systemic inflammatory markers; (4) multiple thrombo-embolic disease (MTED) profile with older patients, many comorbidities, disabling stroke, poor outcome, evident alteration of coagulation tests and high serum levels of both D-dimer and CRP. We therefore summarized these different profiles in a spectrum similar to that of visible light, where the violet–blue band included IB and CSVD with low inflammation and prothrombotic activity, the green–yellow band included CLVD with high inflammation and moderate prothrombotic activity and the orange–red band for MTED with moderate-high levels of inflammation and very high prothrombotic activity.
Permutative universal realizability
Authors: Soto Ricardo L. , Julio Ana I. , Alfaro Jaime H. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A list of complex numbers Λ is said to be realizable, if it is the spectrum of a nonnegative matrix. In this paper we provide a new sufficient condition for a given list Λ to be universally realizable (UR), that is, realizable for each possible Jordan canonical form allowed by Λ. Furthermore, the resulting matrix (that is explicity provided) is permutative, meaning that each of its rows is a permutation of the first row. In particular, we show that a real Suleĭmanova spectrum, that is, a list of real numbers having exactly one positive element, is UR by a permutative matrix.
Digitales Plattformgeschäft bei Kreditgenossenschaften – Erfahrungen und Einsatzmöglichkeiten im Baufinanzierungsgeschäft am Beispiel der VR-Bank Mittelfranken West eG
Authors: Walther Gerhard , Arnold Martin 
Published: February 2021

Zusammenfassung
Das digitale Plattformgeschäft erlangt derzeit in der Finanzdienstleistungsbranche einen deutlichen Bedeutungszuwachs. Es ist davon auszugehen, dass in wenigen Jahren mehr als 50 % der Baufinanzierungen nicht mehr über den klassischen Weg der Bankberatung bei der Hausbank abgeschlossen werden, sondern über digitale Plattformen und Vermittler. Das stellt Regionalbanken vor die Herausforderung, sich entweder dieser Realität zu stellen und sich dem Plattformgeschäft zu öffnen oder bedeutende Marktpotenziale aufzugeben. Die VR-Bank Mittelfranken West eG hat 2017 das digitale Plattformgeschäft als neue Vertriebszeit implementiert und dabei die Erfahrung gemacht, dass die Chancen für Genossenschaftsbanken sehr hoch zu bewerten sind, an diesem Marktsegment auch zukünftig zu partizipieren. Dabei kommt es auf eine eindeutige Strategie sowie auf eine detaillierte Umsetzungsplanung an. Der nachfolgende Erfahrungsbericht zeigt, welche konkreten Schritte die VR-Bank Mittelfranken West eG bei der Strategieentwicklung und Projektumsetzung im Zusammenhang mit der Einführung des digitalen Plattformgeschäftes für Baufinanzierungen gegangen ist und welche Erfolge erzielt werden konnten.