bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase Ib study of patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer treated with different sequencing regimens of atezolizumab and sipuleucel-T
Authors: Dorff Tanya , Hirasawa Yosuke , Acoba Jared , Pagano Ian , Tamura David , Pal Sumanta , Zhang Minlu , Waitz Rebecca , Dhal Abhilash , Haynes Winston , Shon John , Scholz Mark , Furuya Hideki , Chan Owen T M , Huang Jeffrey , Rosser Charles 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundCombining an immune checkpoint inhibitor with a tumor vaccine may modulate the immune system to leverage complementary mechanisms of action that lead to sustained T-cell activation and a potent prolonged immunotherapeutic response in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).MethodsSubjects with asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic mCRPC were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either atezolizumab followed by sipuleucel-T (Arm 1) or sipuleucel-T followed by atezolizumab (Arm 2). The primary endpoint was safety, while secondary endpoints included preliminary clinical activity such as objective tumor response and systemic immune responses that could identify key molecular and immunological changes associated with sequential administration of atezolizumab and sipuleucel-T.ResultsA total of 37 subjects were enrolled. The median age was 75.0 years, median prostate specific antigen (PSA) was 21.9 ng/mL, and subjects had a median number of three prior treatments. Most subjects (83.8%) had at least one treatment-related adverse event. There were no grade 4 or 5 toxicities attributed to either study drug. Immune-related adverse events and infusion reactions occurred in 13.5% of subjects, and all of which were grade 1 or 2. Of 23 subjects with Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors measurable disease, only one subject in Arm 2 had a partial response (PR) and four subjects overall had stable disease (SD) at 6 months reflecting an objective response rate of 4.3% and a disease control rate of 21.7%. T-cell receptor diversity was higher in subjects with a response, including SD. Immune response to three novel putative antigens (SIK3, KDM1A/LSD1, and PIK3R6) appeared to increase with treatment.ConclusionsOverall, regardless of the order in which they were administered, the combination of atezolizumab with sipuleucel-T appears to be safe and well tolerated with a comparable safety profile to each agent administered as monotherapy. Correlative immune studies may suggest the combination to be beneficial; however, further studies are needed.Trial registration numberNCT03024216.
Short-term outcome after open-heart surgery for severe chronic rheumatic heart disease in a low-income country, with comparison with an historical control group: an observational study
Authors: Hauge Ståle Wågen , Dalen Havard , Estensen Mette E , Persson Robert Matongo , Abebe Sintayehu , Mekonnen Desalew , Nega Berhanu , Solholm Atle , Farstad Marit , Bogale Nigussie , Graven Torbjorn , Nielssen Niels-Erik , Brekke Hege Kristin , Vikenes Kjell , Haaverstad Rune 
Published: August 2021

ObjectivesRheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a major burden in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Cardiac surgery is the only curative treatment. Little is known about patients with severe chronic RHD operated in LMICs, and challenges regarding postoperative follow-up are an important issue. At Tikur Anbessa Specialised Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, we aimed to evaluate the course and 12-month outcome of patients with severe chronic RHD who received open-heart surgery, as compared with the natural course of controls waiting for surgery and undergoing only medical treatment.MethodsClinical data and outcome measures were registered in 46 patients operated during five missions from March 2016 to November 2019, and compared with the first-year course in a cohort of 49 controls from the same hospital’s waiting list for surgery. Adverse events were death or complications such as stroke, other thromboembolic events, bleeding, hospitalisation for heart failure and infectious endocarditis.ResultsSurvival at 12 months was 89% and survival free from complications was 80% in the surgical group. Despite undergoing open-heart surgery, with its inherent risks, outcome measures of the surgical group were non-inferior to the natural course of the control group in the first year after inclusion on the waiting list (p≥0.45). All except six surgical patients were in New York Heart Association class I after 12 months and 84% had resumed working.ConclusionsCardiac surgery for severe chronic RHD is feasible in LMICs if the service is structured and planned. Rates of survival and survival free from complications were similar to those of controls at 12 months. Functional level and resumption of work were high in the surgical group. Whether the patients who underwent cardiac surgery will have better long-term prognosis, in line with what is known in high-income countries, needs to be evaluated in future studies.
Use and detailed metric properties of patient-reported outcome measures for rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review covering two decades
Authors: Küçükdeveci Ayşe A , Elhan Atilla H , Erdoğan Beyza D , Kutlay Şehim , Gökmen Derya , Ateş Can , Yüksel Selcen , Lundgren-Nilsson Asa , Escorpizo Reuben , Stucki Gerold , Tennant Alan , Conaghan Philip G 
Published: August 2021

IntroductionThe importance of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) clinical studies has been recognised for many years. The current study aims to describe the RA PROMs used over the past 20 years, and their performance metrics, to underpin appropriate tool selection.MethodsThe study included a systematic search for PROMs that have been in use over the period 2000–2019, with detailed documentation of their psychometric properties, and a user-friendly presentation of the extensive evidence base.Results125 PROMs were identified with psychometric evidence available. The domains of pain, fatigue, emotional functions, mobility, physical functioning and work dominated, with self-efficacy and coping as personal factors. Domains such as stiffness and sleep were poorly served. The most frequently used PROMs included the Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ), the Short Form 36 (SF-36), the EuroQoL and the Modified HAQ which, between them, appeared in more than 3500 papers. Strong psychometric evidence was found for the HAQ, and the SF-36 Physical Functioning and Vitality (fatigue) domains. Otherwise, all domains except stiffness, sleep, education and health utility, had at least one PROM with moderate level of psychometric evidence.ConclusionThere is a broad range of PROMs for measuring RA outcomes, but the quality of psychometric evidence varies widely. This work identifies gaps in key RA domains according to the biopsychosocial model.
Sex differences in physical and mental health following high-intensity interval training in adults with cardiovascular disease who completed cardiac rehabilitation
Authors: Vidal-Almela Sol , Way Kimberley L. , Terada Tasuku , Tulloch Heather E. , Keast Marja-Leena , Pipe Andrew L. , Chirico Daniele , Reed Jennifer L. 
Published: August 2021

This pre-post study examined sex-differences in peak aerobic power (V̇O2peak) and physical- and mental-health outcomes in adults with cardiovascular disease who completed high-intensity interval training (HIIT)-based cardiac rehabilitation. HIIT consisted of 25 minutes of alternating higher- (4×4 minutes 85–95% heart rate peak (HRpeak)) and lower- (3×3 minutes 60–70% HRpeak) intensity intervals twice weekly for 10 weeks. V̇O2peak estimated from a graded exercise test using the American College of Sports Medicine equation, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, blood biomarkers and anxiety and depression were assessed at baseline and follow-up. Linear mixed-effects models for repeated measures were performed to examine differences over time between sexes. Of 140 participants (mean ± standard deviation: 58 ± 9 years), 40 were female. Improvements in V̇O2peak did not differ between sexes (interaction: p = 0.273, females: 28.4 ± 6.4 to 30.9 ± 7.6; males: 34.3 ± 6.3 to 37.4 ± 6.0 mL/kg/min). None of the time by sex interactions were significant. Significant main effects of time showed reductions in waist circumference, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC)/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and anxiety, and increases in V̇O2peak and HDL from baseline to follow-up. Significant main effects of sex revealed smaller V̇O2peak, BMI and waist circumference, and higher LDL, TC and HDL in females than males. HIIT led to similar improvements in estimated V̇O2peak (females: 8.8%, males: 9.0%) and additional health outcomes between sexes. Novelty: HIIT-based cardiac rehabilitation led to similar improvements in estimated V̇O2peak and other physical and mental health outcomes between sexes. The number of sessions attended was high (>70%) and did not differ by sex. Both sexes showed good compliance with the exercise protocol (HR target).
Spatiotemporal distributions of population in Seoul: joint influence of ridership and accessibility of the subway system
Authors: Lee Ji-Hye , Goh Segun , Lee Keumsook , Choi M. Y. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMoving along with daily life, urban residents and commuters create characteristic spatiotemporal patterns which vary extensively with the time of day. These patterns are formed via traffic flows: accordingly, understanding the impact of transportation system is essential for urban planners to evaluate expected urban activities. To explore them, we examine specifically population distributions in Seoul City by analyzing hourly population data based on mobile phone location records in combination with a couple of indicators of the Seoul Subway system. Through clustering and principal component analyses, we first demonstrate that the spatial distribution of the population is categorized according to the time of day, i.e., night, daytime, and evening, variations across which reflect the morphology of land use. We then examine the influence of the subway system on the population, employing ridership and accessibility as indicators. Our linear regression analysis shows that both are associated with the daytime and the evening populations, which implies that only commercial activities are substantially coupled to the subway system. Further, we find that the distinctive difference of night population is encoded in the probability distributions; this is elucidated by means of a multiplicative growth model for the morphological evolution of Seoul, revealing decentralization of residential areas and centralization of commercial areas. This study sheds light on the interplay of a public transportation system and land use, which is of relevance to planners and policymakers wishing to develop neighborhoods in support of sustainable modes.
Equation of state and electrical transport properties of mixture of Li1.2Mn0.54Co0.13Ni0.13O2 and LiNi0.87Co0.09Mn0.03Al0.01O2 at high pressure
Authors: Xiong Lun , Tu Pu , Hu Yongqing , Hou Xiang , Wu Shiyun , Liu Xingquan , Dong Hongliang , Zhang Ziyou 
Published: August 2021

The equation of state (EOS) of mixture of Li[Formula: see text]Mn[Formula: see text]Co[Formula: see text]Ni[Formula: see text]O2 and LiNi[Formula: see text] Co[Formula: see text]Mn[Formula: see text]Al[Formula: see text]O2 was studied by synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction (XRD) at room-temperature in a diamond anvil cell (DAC). The results showed that the hexagonal structure is maintained to the highest pressure of 23.1 GPa. The bulk modulus and its first derivative obtained from XRD data are [Formula: see text] GPa and [Formula: see text], respectively. In addition, we have investigated the high-pressure electrical conductivity of the mixture of Li[Formula: see text]Mn[Formula: see text]Co[Formula: see text]Ni[Formula: see text]O2 and LiNi[Formula: see text]Co[Formula: see text]Mn[Formula: see text]Al[Formula: see text]O2 to 22.9 GPa in a DAC. It is found that the resistance decreases with the increase of pressure and changes exponentially.
A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL ON THE EFFECTS OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY INTERVENTIONS USING PATIENT-CENTERED ROBOT-ASSISTED REHABILITATION FOR FUNCTIONAL IMPROVEMENT IN SUBACUTE STROKE PATIENTS
Authors: YOON DAESEOK , LEE SEUNGBOK , CHO SANG-HYUN , PARK HAEYEAN , KIM JONGBAE 
Published: August 2021

The objective of this research study was to investigate the effect of patient-centered robot-assisted intervention for upper limb function improvement in stroke patients. Design: A double-blind randomized controlled trial. Intervention: Subjectively preferred areas of need for performing daily activities were identified by pre-interviewing and applied as target goals in the experimental group using a robotic device. Control-1 underwent a program focused on the robot system involving movements of upper limb joints. Control-2 participated in a conventional rehabilitation program. Methods: Forty-five participants engaged in 60 min of daily therapy, five times weekly for 3 weeks. The experimental group used the Canadian occupational performance measure (COPM) to identify subjectively preferred “patient-centered” focus needed areas to perform robotic device aided daily activities. Control-1 used a robot device-focused rehabilitation involving upper limb joint movements. Control-2 participated in conventional rehabilitation. Pre-post intervention measurements of hand, grip, power, and upper limb ROM were acquired by FMA-UE, MFT, and K-MBI. Results: A significant increase of function in the experimental group was observed in each subclass of function and activities of daily living (ADL) performance. Control-1 showed an increase in function without ADL improvement. Control-2 showed an increase in ADL and proximal areas of upper limb function without an increase in other areas. Conclusion: The “patient-centered” approach significantly improved upper limb function and ADL performance compared to “robot-centered” rehabilitation. Further studies are warranted to confirm these results and for generalizability in clinical application.
Rare Condition of Intrathoracic Phrenic Nerve Schwannoma Successfully Treated with Uniportal Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery
Authors: Pham Lu Huu , Nguyen Kinh Quoc , Doan Hung Quoc , Nguyen Lanh Sy , Doan Ha Thi-Ngoc 
Published: August 2021

Introduction. Neurogenic tumors in the mediastinum account for approximately 20-30% of all types of mediastinal tumors in adults. This pathology is usually benign and has no or very few symptoms. Schwannoma rarely involves the phrenic nerve. We report a unique case of schwannoma involvement of phrenic nerve. Case Presentation. The 43-year-old female patient has an annual check-up of computerized tomography to detect the mass in the right middle mediastinum, so the patient was admitted to the hospital. Chest computerized tomography image found a mass of the middle mediastinum with the size of

23
×
22.3

mm located between the right pulmonary artery and the pericardium with uniform margins and clear boundaries, not invading the surrounding organization. Very little contrast is absorbed after injection. She underwent a uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, and this mass was found to be originating from the right phrenic nerve. Resection of the portion of phrenic nerve with mass was performed. Postoperatively, the patient was discharged from the hospital after 4 days of treatment in a clinical condition with no difficulty breathing and no chest pain; postoperative X-ray showed no abnormality, and the right diaphragm was unchanged. Conclusion. Although they are very rare, schwannomas of the phrenic nerve should be considered in the differential diagnosis of mediastinal tumors. Uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery is a preeminent option with properly sized tumors that deliver good results and have no postoperative complications associated with surgery.
An Approximate Solution for a Class of Ill-Posed Nonhomogeneous Cauchy Problems
Authors: Teniou Nihed , Djezzar Salah 
Published: August 2021

In this paper, we consider a nonhomogeneous differential operator equation of first order

u

′

t

+
A
u

t

=
f

t

. The coefficient operator

A

is linear unbounded and self-adjoint in a Hilbert space. We assume that the operator does not have a fixed sign. We associate to this equation the initial or final conditions

u

0

=
Φ
or
u

T

=
Φ

. We note that the Cauchy problem is severely ill-posed in the sense that the solution if it exists does not depend continuously on the given data. Using a quasi-boundary value method, we obtain an approximate nonlocal problem depending on a small parameter. We show that regularized problem is well-posed and has a strongly solution. Finally, some convergence results are provided.
Project Metamorphosis: Designing a Dynamic Framework for Converting Musical Compositions into Paintings
Authors: Ali Rao Hamza , Fong Grace , Linstead Erik 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The authors present an automated, rule-based system for converting piano compositions into paintings. Using a color-note association scale presented by Edward Maryon in 1919, which correlates a 12-tone scale with 12 hues of the color circle, the authors present a simple approach for extracting colors associated with each note played in a piano composition. The authors also describe the color extraction and art generation process in detail, as well as the process for creating “moving art,” which imitates the progression of a musical piece in real time. They share and discuss artworks generated for four well-known piano compositions.
Generating Facial Character: A Systematic Method Accumulating Expressive Histories
Authors: Jofre Ana 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The author presents a method to simulate facial character development by accumulating an expressive history onto a face. The model analytically combines facial features from Paul Ekman’s seven universal facial expressions using a simple Markov chain algorithm. The output is a series of 3D digital faces created in Blender with Python. The results show that systematically imprinting features from emotional expressions onto a neutral face transforms it into one with distinct character. This method could be applied to creative works that depend on character creation, ranging from figurative sculpture to game design, and allows the creator to incorporate chance into the creative process. The author demonstrates the method’s application to sculpture with ceramic casts of generated faces.
Cross-Border Interactions and European Identity
Authors: Henriques João 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This article examines what types of cross-border interactions promote a stronger sense of European identity than national identity. Firstly, using data from the Eurobarometer survey a typology of cross-border practices is constructed and associated with different levels of European identity. Secondly, a qualitative study evaluates the life course of 36 individuals involved in a European binational relationship. Both interactions within and outside Europe are assessed. The findings show that three types of interactions might promote a strong identification as European: Intra-European integrative interactions, involving a certain level of integration into the host society (in economic, educational and social systems) and associated with long-term stays; Multicultural interactions, involving a setting of shared activities and cooperation between individuals of several European nationalities; and Outside Europe interactions, that put Europe at perspective between the “we” and the “others”. On the other hand, the effect of Non-Integrative (sojourns) and short-term stays might be negligible.
The Morphosyntax of Embedded Clauses in Western Neo-Aramaic: Arabic Influence or Retention from Older Aramaic?
Authors: Bunis Ivri J. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The article asks whether the morphosyntax of embedded direct object clauses and purpose clauses in Western Neo-Aramaic reflects retention from older stages of Aramaic, or innovation under the influence of contact Arabic. To this end, direct object clauses and purpose clauses are analysed in Western Neo-Aramaic, in older stages of Aramaic, namely, Old, Official, Biblical and Qumran Aramaic, as well as Syriac, the three Western Late Aramaic dialects (CPA, JPA, SA), and in contemporaneous Syrian Arabic. The analysis considers the embedded verb form, the formal means of linking the embedded clause to the matrix clause, and the co-referentiality of the matrix and embedded subjects, and relates these features to tense-aspect-mood. The article compares the constructions in the various sources of Aramaic and Syrian Arabic and finds features that Western Neo-Aramaic has retained from Late Aramaic, which differ from Syrian Arabic, despite the well documented influence of the latter.
Aesthetic Styles and the Occupation of Space in the “Places You’ll Pray” Photo Series
Authors: Peterson Kristin M. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This paper analyzes a series of photographs that feature Muslim Americans praying in various public locations. In the “Places You’ll Pray” series, photographer Sana Ullah employs attractive settings along with framing, lighting, angle and colors to emphasize that the Islamic practice of prayer is not only an act that induces feelings of tranquility but also a beautiful practice that belongs within American public spaces. Through the policing of the sensory realm, the complex experiences of Muslims are generally over-simplified or made invisible in the media. This article explores how Muslim creators use aesthetics to shift the larger sensory realm of what is considered attractive, beautiful and valued in American society. As these photos circulate through social media and other digital spaces, Ullah and the photo subjects use the occupation of physical and digital spaces to assert that Muslim lives and Islamic values belong in the American landscape.
Salafist Third Spaces and Hybridic Purity on YouTube
Authors: Stadlbauer Susanne 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This case study applies aspects of third space theory (Bhabha, 2004; Hoover & Echchaibi, 2014) to investigate the activism on the YouTube channel Salafimedia UK (smuk) and their claim to be the self-proscribed “truest” and “purest” Islamic sect. This chapter introduces the somewhat paradoxical concept of “hybridic purity” – an emerging ideology that seeks to encompass pre-modern Islamic practices of the salaf (“predecessors” or first generations of Muslims) as the purest form of Islam (see also Wagemakers, 2016); modern values of individuality and reliance on the “self”; the affordances of the YouTube channel; and resistance to present-day Western cultural and political values, especially those of the United Kingdom (UK), as well as to the UK government’s censorship and bans of Salafist movements. This hybridic purity becomes authoritative as it compels YouTube audience members to take responsibility for their own growth and activism as pious Salafists.