bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbon Cycling and Habitability of Massive Earth-like Exoplanets
Authors: Kruijver Amanda , Höning Dennis , van Westrenen Wim 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
As the number of detected rocky extrasolar planets increases, the question of whether their surfaces could be habitable is becoming more pertinent. On Earth, the long-term carbonate-silicate cycle is able to regulate surface temperatures over timescales larger than one million years. Elevated temperatures enhance weathering, removing CO2 from the atmosphere, which is subducted into the mantle. At mid-ocean ridges, CO2 is supplied to the atmosphere from the interior. The carbon degassing flux is controlled by the melting depth beneath mid-ocean ridges and the spreading rate, influenced by the pressure- and temperature-dependent mantle viscosity. The influences of temperature and pressure on mantle degassing become increasingly important for more massive planets. Here, we couple a thermal evolution model of Earth-like planets of different masses with a model of the long-term carbon cycle and assess their surface temperature evolution. We find that the spreading rate at 4.5 Gyr increases with planetary mass up to 3 Earth masses, since the temperature dependence of viscosity dominates over its pressure dependency. For higher-mass planets, pressure dependence dominates and the plates slow down. In addition, the effective melting depth at 4.5 Gyr as a function of planetary mass has its maximum at 3 M
⊕. Altogether, at 4.5 Gyr, the degassing rate and therefore surface temperature have their maximum at 3 M
⊕. This work emphasizes that both age and mass should be considered when predicting the habitability of exoplanets. Despite these effects, the long-term carbon cycle remains an effective mechanism that regulates the surface temperature of massive Earth-like planets.
The Effect of Pumpkin Seeds Biscuits and Moringa Extract Supplementation on Hemoglobin, Ferritin, C-reactive protein, and Birth Outcome for Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review
Authors: Musaidah Musaidah , Wahyu Atjo , Abdullah Andi Zulkifli , Syafar Muhammad , Hadju Veni , Syam Aminuddin 
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: According to the WHO data, 40% of maternal mortality in developing countries is related to anemia in pregnancy. Most anemia in pregnancy is caused by iron deficiency and acute bleeding, sometimes even the two interact. The incidence of anemia in pregnancy in Indonesia is quite high, which is around 67% of all pregnant women, with variations depending on each region. About 10–15% of pregnant women are classified as severe anemia which of course will affect the growth and development of the fetus in the womb. Most of the anemia in pregnant women occurs due to malnutrition.

AIM: The objective of the study was to review journals related to the effect of pumpkin seed biscuits and Moringa capsules on hemoglobin (Hb), ferritin, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in pregnant women and also the prevention of stunting.

METHODS: Study of literature by collecting relevant literature using online journal data based on PUBMED, Google Search, ELSEVIER, MDPI, DOAJ (Direct Directory of Open Access Journals), or from the bibliography of the articles being searched.

RESULTS: Supplementary food was given to pregnant women by giving pumpkin seeds and Moringa leaf extract impact on improving nutritional status, Hb, ferritin, and CRP levels in pregnant women, as well as preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes such as low birth weight.

CONCLUSION: The provision of pumpkin seed biscuits and Moringa leaf extract to pregnant women can affect Hb, ferritin, and CRP levels and can affect maternal nutritional status and affect pregnancy outcomes.
The Molecular Mechanisms of Hypoglycemic Properties and Safety Profiles of Swietenia Macrophylla Seeds Extract: A Review
Authors: Yudhani Ratih Dewi , Nugrahaningsih Dwi Aris Agung , Sholikhah Eti Nurwening , Mustofa Mustofa 
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: Insulin resistance (IR) is known as the root cause of type 2 diabetes; hence, it is a substantial therapeutic target. Nowadays, studies have shifted the focus to natural ingredients that have been utilized as a traditional diabetes treatment, including Swietenia macrophylla. Accumulating evidence supports the hypoglycemic activities of S. macrophylla seeds extract, although its molecular mechanisms have yet to be well-established.

AIM: This review focuses on the hypoglycemic molecular mechanisms of S. macrophylla seeds extract and its safety profiles.

METHODS: An extensive search of the latest literature was conducted from four main databases (PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar) using several keywords: “swietenia macrophylla, seeds, and diabetes;” “swietenia macrophylla, seeds, and oxidative stress;” “swietenia macrophylla, seeds, and inflammation;” “swietenia macrophylla, seeds, and GLUT4;” and “swietenia macrophylla, seeds, and toxicities.”

RESULTS: The hypoglycemic activities occur through modulating several pathways associated with IR and T2D pathogenesis. The seeds extract of S. macrophylla modulates oxidative stress by decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA), oxidized low-density lipoprotein, and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances while increasing antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase). Another propose mechanism is the modulating of the inflammatory pathway by attenuating nuclear factor kappa β, tumor necrosis factor α, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase 2. Some studies have shown that the extract can also control phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/ Akt (PI3K/Akt) pathway by inducing glucose transporter 4, while suppressing phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. Moreover, in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo toxicity studies supported the safety profile of S. macrophylla seeds extract with the LD50 higher than 2000 mg/kg.

CONCLUSION: The potential of S. macrophylla seeds as antidiabetic candidate is supported by many studies that have documented their non-toxic and hypoglycemic effects, which involve several molecular pathways.
4-Octyl-Itaconate and Dimethyl Fumarate Inhibit COX2 Expression and Prostaglandin Production in Macrophages
Authors: Diskin Ciana , Zotta Alessia , Corcoran Sarah E , Tyrrell Victoria J , Zaslona Zbigniew , O’Donnell Valerie B , O’Neill Luke A J 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
PGs are important proinflammatory lipid mediators, the significance of which is highlighted by the widespread and efficacious use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of inflammation. 4-Octyl itaconate (4-OI), a derivative of the Krebs cycle–derived metabolite itaconate, has recently garnered much interest as an anti-inflammatory agent. In this article, we show that 4-OI limits PG production in murine macrophages stimulated with the TLR1/2 ligand Pam3CSK4. This decrease in PG secretion is due to a robust suppression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) expression by 4-OI, with both mRNA and protein levels decreased. Dimethyl fumarate, a fumarate derivative used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis, with properties similar to itaconate, replicated the phenotype observed with 4-OI. We also demonstrate that the decrease in COX2 expression and inhibition of downstream PG production occurs in an NRF2-independent manner. Our findings provide a new insight into the potential of 4-OI as an anti-inflammatory agent and also identifies a novel anti-inflammatory function of dimethyl fumarate.
DengueChat: A Social and Software Platform for Community-based Arbovirus Vector Control
Authors: Holston James , Suazo-Laguna Harold , Harris Eva , Coloma Josefina 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT.
The mosquito Aedes aegypti transmits arboviral diseases at extraordinary rates. Dengue alone afflicts 50 to 100 million people each year, with more than 3 billion at risk globally. This indicates that current approaches to prevention and control are inadequate, and that a paradigm shift from one that largely promotes vertical chemical-based control and vaccine development to one that also concentrates on eliminating the mosquito through actions by the communities it plagues is necessary. We have developed a new social and software platform, DengueChat (denguechat.org), to advance community interventions in arbovirus vector control. It is an interactive platform combining open-source digital communication technologies with face-to-face assemblies. It promotes resident participation in evidence collection, reporting, and analysis, and it incorporates pedagogic information, key messaging, and game concepts to motivate communities to implement vector reduction strategies. Using DengueChat, we conducted a 19-month pilot study in five neighborhoods of Managua, Nicaragua. The results strongly suggest that using the software produced value-added features that enhance community engagement. We measured the entomological and behavioral impacts at different time points and relative risk reduction of entomological indices at the end of the study. The entomological results showed significant risk reductions in disease transmission: Ae. aegypti larvae and pupae indices were reduced by approximately 44% in neighborhoods using DengueChat during one epidemic year, whereas control neighborhoods experienced an increase of more than 500%. A cluster permutation test determined that the probability of household positivity was significantly reduced in neighborhoods that participated in DengueChat compared with the reference neighborhoods (P = 0.0265). Therefore, DengueChat is a promising resource for vector control.
Spatiotemporal Dynamic of the RTS,S/AS01 Malaria Vaccine Target Antigens in Senegal
Authors: Diallo Mamadou Alpha , L’Ollivier Coralie , Diongue Khadim , Badiane Aida Sadikh , Kodio Aly , Tall Mamadou Lamine , Sy Mouhamad , Seck Mame Cheikh , Sene Doudou , Ndiaye Mouhamadou , Fall Fatou Ba , Ranque Stéphane , Ndiaye Daouda 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT.
The RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine confers only moderate protection against malaria. Evidence suggests that the effectiveness of the RTS,S/AS01 vaccine depends upon the parasite population genetics, specifically regarding the circumsporozoite protein haplotypes in the population. We investigated Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (PfCSP) gene sequences from two endemic sites in 2018 in Senegal. The PfCSP sequences were compared with those retrieved from the Pf3k genome database. In the central repeat region of PfCSP, the distribution of haplotypes differed significantly between the two study sites (Fisher’s exact test, P < 0.001). No 3D7 vaccine strain haplotype was observed in this locus. In the C-terminal region, there was no significant difference in haplotypes distribution between Kedougou and Diourbel (Fischer’s exact test, P = 0.122). The 3D7 haplotype frequency was 8.4% in early samples (2001–2011), but then it contracted in the subsequent years. The extensive plasticity of the P. falciparum genes coding the RTS,S/AS01 vaccine target antigens may influence the immune responses to circulating alleles. Monitoring the genetic diversity baseline and its dynamics over time and space would be instrumental in rationally improving the malaria RTS,S/AS01 vaccine and/or its implementation schedule.
Social Justice: A Missing Link in A Literary Review of Successful Strategies Utilized by Principals for Retaining African American Teachers
Authors: Goodloe Angela Renee Whi , Ardley Jillian N. 
Published: October 2021

Perceptions on leadership training to sustain teachers of color vary in approaches, ideologies, and values. However, what evidence is within the literature to depict what effective principals do to retain, in particular, African American teachers? In the present study, the authors have reviewed the literature from 2011-2020 through the lens of Critical Learning Theory. This examination led to an extrapolation of categories that indirectly embed social justice as a tool utilized for retaining African American teachers. Nevertheless, many well-known strategies utilized to promote the retention of present-day African American teachers do not include this motivating call-to-action within the parameters of their approach or training of principals. Social justice is an effective tool for supporting Generation X students who willfully and actively participate in digital and physical campaigns against systematic racial injustice. Therefore, educational leaders should transcend authoritative leadership and systematic racism with social justice as a pivotal strategy for teachers of color.
Prediction of Physics Lesson Learning Level by Students’ Characteristics and Teaching-Learning Process
Authors: Şen Akçay Zeynep , Senemoğlu Nuray 
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study is to determine the predictive strength of the students’ characteristics and their teaching-learning process on the physics course learning level. The variables were also examined according to the academic achievement levels. The study is a descriptive study in survey model. Purposive sampling method was used in the formation of the study group, and 621 ninth grade students were selected for the study group. Cognitive Entry Behaviors (CEB) test, Academic Self-Concept (ASC) scale, Perception of Teaching Service Adequacy (PTSA) scale, Time Allotted to Learning (TAL) form and Learning Level (LL) test were used to collect the data. One-way variance, simple linear regression, and stepwise regression technique were used in the data analysis. The results of the study showed that the predictive strength of the variables examined about the student and the teaching-learning process was significant. The variability in the learning level is 59.9% in CEB, 18.1% in ASC, and 17.1% in PTSA. The relationship between the individual time allocated to learning and the learning level is negative, and has the power to explain the variability in learning level by 2.9%. All variables have the power to explain the variability in learning level by 62.7% together. One of the most important results of this study is that the magnitude of the predictive power of cognitive entry behaviors on the learning level has been revealed. It is thought that the results of the study will contribute to the literature aimed at increasing the learning level of the physics course.
The Relationship between Technology Literacies and Proactive Personalities of Secondary School Mathematics Teachers
Authors: Ozkan Hidiroglu Yeliz , Hidiroglu Caglar Naci , Tanriogen Abdurrahman 
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study is to determine the level of technology literacy and proactive personality of secondary school mathematics teachers, the relationship between technology literacy and proactive personalities, and how much of the proactive personality is explained by the technology literacy, according to the perceptions of secondary school mathematics teachers. The study was designed around a relational survey model, which is a quantitative research technique. The population of the study consisted of mathematics teachers working in secondary schools in Turkey and the sample was 380 secondary school mathematics teachers selected by simple random sampling method. Technology Literacy Scale and Proactive Personality Scale were used as data collection instruments. Descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analyses were used to analyse the data. The secondary school mathematics teachers' perceptions about technology literacy and proactive personality were found to be high. In addition, there was a moderate level positive and significant correlation between technology literacy and proactive personality of the secondary school mathematics teachers. Finally, the proactive personality of secondary school mathematics teachers explained their technology literacy at 30.7% level.
Komunikasi Antar Budaya Dalam Perspektif Antropologi
Authors: Ayuni Putri , Hasibuan Anni Zuhro Syafrida , Suhairi Suhairi 
Published: October 2021

Intercultural communication develops based on two interconnected premises. First, you live in a time when changing technology, travel, economic and political systems, immigration patterns, and population density have resulted in a world in which you regularly interact with people from different cultures. Second, nowadays, people are very sensitive to the fact that the influence of culture on communication is very close and great. Your cultural background and experience help you determine how the world should be for you and how you will interact with it. Anthropological perspective in intercultural communication is looking at intercultural communication from an anthropological point of view, because the communication already contains cultural values. Intercultural communication is part of the marriage between the disciplines of anthropology and communication which later became a separate discipline both in communication science and in anthropology. Anthropology is one of the fields of science that is the root or foundation of the birth of communication science. In subsequent developments, cultural experts realized the importance of communication in the cultural field.
Keywords: Intercultural communication and in anthropological perspective
Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi (Hots) Melalui Metode Andragogi MTs Swasta Al-Ikhlas di Pangkalan Susu
Authors: Sabariah Hayatun , Syahfitri Diani , Rizki Insani R Dhea , Al Qadri Firza 
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study was to identify how to improve higher order thinking skills (HOTS) in MTs students MTs. Swasta Al-Ikhlas Pangkalan Susu. This study uses a classroom action research method that uses several cycles that aim to improve higher order thinking skills (HOTS). Each cycle carried out 4 stages, planning, action, observation, reflection. In first cycle , the learning outcomes of class VIII MTs Al-Ikhlas Pangkalan Susu are still low, from 26 students, 20 students complete or 76.9%, while 6 students or 23.1% have not achieved complete learning with an average score 73. In the second cycle after making improvements in the first cycle, it can be seen that the learning outcomes of class VIII students at MTs Swasta Al-Ikhlas Pangkalan Susu have reached minimum completeness (KKM 70) with an average value of 76. From the results of research conducted by researchers, using the Andragogy Method in the learning process can improve students' higher order thinking skills (HOTS). This can be seen from the improvement indicators from the results of the research first cycle to second cyclecontinue to increase. There was an increase in student learning outcomes, which was originally the average score in the first cycle test of 73 and the second cycle of 76 increased by a difference of 3. This indicates that student learning outcomes are increasing and are included in the very high category.
Minat Remaja Dalam Mengikuti Shalat Berjamaah
Authors: Yusrie Chaira Saidah , Noviansyah Indra , Nasrudin Muhamad 
Published: October 2021

The aims of the research are to: 1) obtain data on the interest of adolescents in participating in jamaah prayers at the mosque; 2) obtain data on the factors that cause the low interest of adolescents to attend jamaah prayer at the mosque 3) find out how to overcome the causes of the lack of interest of adolescents in participating prayer at the mosque. The research was conducted in Cipayung Village, Kec. Cibinong, Bogor Regency. Research data were collected using questionnaires and documentation techniques. The research instrument used a questionnaire to obtain data on interest in praying in congregation and documentation was used to obtain other data needed in writing reports, and research data were analyzed descriptively with percentages. The results of the study recommend: 1) Teenagers should always motivate themselves to do positive things and not be carried away by negative associations. 2) For scholars to be more active in conducting coaching to teenagers. 3) For further researchers, it is recommended to examine the interest of teenagers in participating in praying at the mosques for Madrasah Aliyah level.

Chaira Saidah Yusrie
IAI Nasional Laa Roiba Bogor

Indra Noviansyah
IAI Nasional Laa Roiba Bogor

Muhamad Nasrudin
IAI Nasional Laa Roiba Bogor
Pemahaman Ilmu Tajwid dan Kemampuan Menghafal Al-Quran di Pondok Pesantren Al-Hidayah Cibungbulang Kabupaten Bogor
Authors: Laelasari Eda , Maturidi Maturidi , Abbas Muhamad Sirojudin 
Published: October 2021

This study aims to: 1) obtain data on the understanding of the science of recitation of the santri at the Al-Hidayah Islamic Boarding School Cibungbulang, Bogor Regency; 2) obtaining data on the ability to memorize the Al-Quran of Santri at Al-Hidayah Islamic Boarding School Cibungbulang, Bogor Regency; 3) find out the correlation between the understanding of tajwid and the ability to memorize Al-Quran of students at the Al-Hidayah Islamic boarding school, Cibungbulang, Bogor Regency. The total research population is 100 people. Samples were taken using a simple random sample technique of 30 respondents. The research approach uses quantitative methods. The technique of collecting data used a written test and a practical test. Data analysis technique, to determine the correlation of variable X (understanding of tajwid science) with variable Y (ability to memorize Al-Quran) using Pearson Product Moment correlation test technique. The calculated r index is 0.703, which is greater than r table = 0.361, which is significant. This means that the understanding of tajwid has a correlation with the ability to memorize the Qur'an. The KD index (Determinant Coefficient) is 49.42% which indicates that the X variable (understanding of recitation science) contributes 42.12% to the Y variable (the ability to memorize the Quran), and the remaining 50.58% is determined by other factors .
Evaluasi Program Pemberdayaan pada Yayasan Baitul Hikmah dengan Model Context-Input-Proses-Product
Authors: Salamun Ade 
Published: October 2021

This study aims to evaluate the Development of Self-Reliance Community Program (P2KM) as corporate social responsibility that was conducted by Yayasan Baitul Hikmah PT. Elnusa Tbk by using CIPP model to know the impact of the program to the community on the periphery of the company. The program is expected that the life level of the community could be more prosperous with a commitment to a sustainable process. This research is qualitative research with a descriptive method. The results showed that the evaluation by using CIPP model showed that the program had been conducted by following concepts of community development step by step and have increased community economy-level on the periphery of the company. Moreover, the program also formed the local cadres for program sustainability that had been successful to establish a Baitul Maal wa Tamwil (BMT). The seriousness of managers and program assistants, community participation level, and community enthusiasm are supporting factors of the program. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors are the cooperation with local authorities and related agencies that have not proceeded smoothly and the educational background of the program managers.