bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility and Acceptability of Guided Imagery to Sequentially Address Multiple Health Behaviors During Pregnancy
Authors: Giacobbi Peter , Symons Downs Danielle , Haggerty Treah , Pidhorskyi Stanislav , Long D. Leann , Clemmer Melanie , Steinman Shari A. , Olfert Melissa D. , Kinnamon Kelsey , Rao Neel , Staggs Hannah , Adjeroh Donald 
Published: September 2021

IntroductionPregnancy presents health challenges related to well‐being, physical activity, dietary regulation, and body image. There is evidence to support the use of guided imagery to address these concerns during pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to analyze the use and short‐term outcomes of a multiple‐behavior guided imagery intervention delivered through a mobile health (mHealth) application for pregnant women.MethodsA single‐arm, 5‐week feasibility trial was conducted, and participants were instructed to listen to an audio file every day for 35 days on an mHealth application. Measurements included ongoing assessments of the participants’ use of the guided imagery audio files and pre‐ and post‐test measures of depression, anxiety, stress, physical activity, food cravings, and body image. Postintervention qualitative interviews were conducted to assess whether participants would continue to use guided imagery.ResultsFifty‐eight participants (mean age, 28.5 years) were enrolled from January to June of 2018. Cloud analytics data showed an average of 4.96 audio downloads per week with the Sleep and Relaxation file being the most widely used (mean weekly usage, 5.67) and reported favorite during follow‐up interviews. Paired‐sample t tests from pre‐ to post‐test showed significant reductions in depression, anxiety, and stress, increased physical activity, and sedentary behavior along with some changes in body image.DiscussionFuture scalable guided imagery interventions are justified to test for efficacy. Guided imagery may also be delivered in person by health care providers or by using widely available technologies.
A Review of Fatherhood and Employment: Introducing New Perspectives for Management Research
Authors: Gatrell Caroline , Ladge Jamie J. , Powell Gary N. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this review, we synthesise the growing body of interdisciplinary research on fatherhood and employment for the purpose of guiding future management studies research on the topic. We argue that shifts in research approaches and assumptions are required to fully understand the situation of contemporary employed fathers. Our review draws attention to four distinct but related lenses:work, family, and fatherhood;masculine hegemony and fatherhood;involved fathering; anddiversity and fatherhood. Extant research on fatherhood and employment reflects often static notions about the ‘nuclear family’, with expectations about paternal work orientation failing to reflect contemporary paternal experience. We introduce the sociological concept of ‘family practices’ as a means of shifting from traditional (wherein fathers are positioned as breadwinners and mothers as child‐carers within heterosexual couples) to more fluid family forms that characterise 21stcentury ways of ‘doing fatherhood’. Implications and avenues for future management studies research are discussed.
Threshold variations of medial pterygoid single motor units during vertical or horizontal force tasks
Authors: Nozad Mojaver Yalda , Tawadros Paul , Moura Ferreira Polyana , Whittle Terry , Murray Greg M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo test the hypotheses that (a) the force thresholds at onset of medial pterygoid muscle single motor unit (SMU) activity do not decrease with an increase in the rate of force generation in standardised vertical or horizontal jaw‐force tasks, and (b) there is evidence for functional heterogeneity within the medial pterygoid muscle.MethodsIn 14 healthy participants, electromyographic recordings of the right medial pterygoid muscle were performed with intramuscular fine‐wire electrodes during four isometric force tasks: vertical, horizontal contralateral, horizontal protrusion and horizontal ipsilateral, performed at two rates of force development (slow ramp, fast ramp). Computer tomography scans confirmed electrode location within the muscle, which was divided into medial and lateral parts. Force thresholds of onset of discriminated SMUs were compared between rates in each task; significance accepted at p < 0.05.ResultsOf 45 SMU force thresholds studied in one or more tasks, there was no significant difference between slow and fast ramp within each force task, except slow ramp thresholds from the lateral part during the vertical force task were significantly higher than fast ramp thresholds. Reversals of recruitment order between tasks provided evidence for functional heterogeneity within the muscle. Force thresholds of the vertical tasks (range: 1–292.6 N) were mostly higher than for the horizontal tasks (range: 0.1–12.5 N).ConclusionThe data are consistent with the proposal that the medial pterygoid muscle stabilises the jaw in the vertical plane during isometric force generation in the jaw closing, as well as horizontal directions.
Generation of a novel model of bioengineered human oral mucosa with increased vascularization potential
Authors: Blanco‐Elices Cristina , Chato‐Astrain Jesús , Oyonarte Salvador , Bermejo‐Casares Fabiola , España‐López Antonio , Fernández‐Valadés Ricardo , Sánchez‐Quevedo Maria del Carmen , Alaminos Miguel , Martín‐Piedra Miguel Angel , Garzón Ingrid 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to generate novel models of bioartificial human oral mucosa with increased vascularization potential for future use as an advanced therapies medicinal product, by using different vascular and mesenchymal stem cell sources.BackgroundOral mucosa substitutes could contribute to the clinical treatment of complex diseases affecting the oral cavity. Although several models of artificial oral mucosa have been described, biointegration is a major issue that could be favored by the generation of novel substitutes with increased vascularization potential once grafted in vivo.MethodsThree types of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were obtained from adipose tissue, bone marrow, and dental pulp, and their in vitro potential was evaluated by inducing differentiation to the endothelial lineage using conditioning media. Then, 3D models of human artificial oral mucosa were generated using biocompatible fibrin‐agarose biomaterials combined with human oral mucosa fibroblasts and each type of MSC before and after induction to the endothelial lineage, using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) as controls. The vascularization potential of each oral mucosa substitute was assessed in vitro and in vivo in nude mice.ResultsIn vitro induction of MSCs kept in culture was able to increase the expression of VEGF, CD31, and vWF endothelial markers, especially in bone marrow and dental pulp‐MSCs, and numerous proteins with a role in vasculogenesis become overexpressed. Then, in vivo grafting resulted in a significant increase in blood vessels formation at the interface area between the graft and the host tissues, with significantly positive expression of VEGF, CD31, vWF, and CD34 as compared to negative controls, especially when pre‐differentiated MSCs derived from bone marrow and dental pulp were used. In addition, a significantly higher number of cells committed to the endothelial lineage expressing the same endothelial markers were found within the bioartificial tissue.ConclusionOur results suggest that the use of pre‐differentiated MSCs could contribute to a rapid generation of a vascular network that may favor in vivo biointegration of bioengineered human oral mucosa substitutes.
Saikosaponin a promotes sleep by decreasing neuronal activities in the lateral hypothalamus
Authors: Zhong Yu‐Heng , Jiang Shan , Qu Wei‐Min , Zhang Wen , Huang Zhi‐Li , Chen Chang‐Rui 
Published: September 2021

SummaryInsomnia is one of the most prevalent sleep disorders, which imparts tremendous societal and economic impact. However, the present pharmacotherapy is greatly limited by adverse effects, so it is necessary to explore new drugs for the treatment of insomnia. Radix Bupleuri (RB) has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for >2000 years; it has many pharmacological effects, including sedation and anticonvulsant properties. The present study investigated the effects of saikosaponin a (SSa), an active component of RB, on sleep and locomotion. Male C57BL/6j mice received intraperitoneal injections of SSa at three different dosages (0.625, 1.25, and 2.5 mg/kg). Sleep parameters were analysed by electroencephalography and electromyography. The open‐field test was used to measure locomotor activities. Our present results showed that SSa treatment significantly increased the duration of non‐rapid eye movement sleep and shortened sleep latency in a dose‐dependent manner. A high dose of SSa (2.5 mg/kg) also decreased locomotor activities. Moreover, by measuring c‐Fos expression and the calcium signal in the lateral hypothalamus (LH), we found that SSa treatment decreased neuronal activity in the LH. In conclusion, SSa might be the sleep‐promoting component in RB and its mechanism may be related to the modulation of neuronal activity in the LH.
Health service utilization and experiences of stigma amongst people who inject drugs in Melbourne, Australia
Authors: Djordjevic Filip , Ryan Kathleen , Gunn Jack , Brener Loren , O’Keefe Daniel , Draper Bridget , Schroeder Sophia , Gold Judy , Treloar Carla , Broady Tim , Dietze Paul , Hellard Margaret , Pedrana Alisa 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWhilst the testing and treatment of people who inject drugs (PWID) in Australia is a priority for local hepatitis C (HCV) elimination efforts, perceived stigma related to injecting drug use (IDU) has been identified as a major barrier for PWID engaging in health services. We used data from the EC Experience cohort study to explore associations between IDU‐related perceived stigma and the number of different health services accessed by PWID in Melbourne, Australia. Data from the baseline questionnaire were used. Primary outcome was self‐reported experience of stigma due to IDU (never, rarely, sometimes, often, always) in the previous 12 months. An ordinal logistic regression model assessed the association between stigma experienced and the number of different health services used (1–2, 3–4, 5–6, 7–10 different services) adjusted for recent IDU and key socio‐demographics. Between September 2018 and February 2020, 281 participants were recruited from four health services. Sixty‐nine per cent were male, median age was 42, 83% reported past‐month IDU, 34% had never tested/tested >12 months, 8% tested negative <12 months, 43% were HCV‐positive but not treated and 16% had been treated. Those accessing 5–6 services had 2.2 times greater odds of experiencing stigma (95% CI 0.86–6.65) compared with those using <5 services and those reporting 7–10 services had 2.43 times greater odds of experiencing stigma (95% CI 0.85–6.92) compared with those accessing <7 services. In conclusion, experiences of stigma may not necessarily be a barrier for PWID to access health services, but high rates of health service use may further expose, exacerbate or exaggerate stigma amongst PWID. Further examination of how stigma may be in/directly impact on hepatitis C treatment uptake is important and place‐based interventions aimed at reducing stigma experienced by PWID may be needed.
Revealing floristic variation and map uncertainties for different plant groups in western Amazonia
Authors: Zuquim Gabriela , Tuomisto Hanna , Chaves Pablo P. , Emilio Thaise , Moulatlet Gabriel M. , Ruokolainen Kalle , Van doninck Jasper , Balslev Henrik 
Published: September 2021

AbstractQuestionsUnderstanding spatial variation in floristic composition is crucial to quantify the extent, patchiness and connectivity of distinct habitats and their spatial relationships. Broad‐scale variation in floristic composition and the degree of uniqueness of different regions remains poorly mapped and understood in several areas across the globe. We here aim to map vegetation heterogeneity in Amazonia.LocationMiddle Juruá river region, Amazonas State, Brazil.MethodsWe mapped four plant groups by applying machine learning to scale up locally observed community composition and using environmental and remotely sensed variables as predictors, which were obtained as GIS layers. To quantify how reliable our predictions were, we made an assessment of model transferability and spatial applicability. We also compared our floristic composition map to the official Brazilian national‐level vegetation classification.ResultsThe overall performance of our floristic models was high for all four plant groups, especially ferns, and the predictions were found to be spatially congruent and highly transferable in space. For some areas, the models were assessed not to be applicable, as the field sampling did not cover the spectral or environmental characteristics of those regions. Our maps show extensive habitat heterogeneity across the region. When compared to the Brazilian vegetation classification, floristic composition was relatively homogeneous within dense forests, while floristic heterogeneity in rainforests classified as open was high.ConclusionOur maps provide geoecological characterization of the regions and can be used to test biogeographical hypotheses, develop species distribution models and, ultimately, aid science‐based conservation and land‐use planning.
Twoblotch ponyfish Nuchequula blochii (Valenciennes, 1835) in the Sundarban Reserve Forest habitat of Bangladesh: Second record and establishment probability
Authors: Hanif Md. Abu , Hossen Shaharior , Sharker Md. Rajib , Siddik Muhammad A. B. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractClimate changes and anthropogenic activities have paved the way for the dislocation of native species into areas located far away from their natural habitats. To this end, the Bay of Bengal and its adjacent coast have experienced the invasion of many alien species coming from different oceans, seas and bays around the world. Recently, a single specimen of the Twoblotch ponyfish (Nuchequula blochii) was captured. It had a total length of 69 mm and bodyweight 0.98 g. The specimen was caught at a depth of 18 m in the world's largest mangrove habitat, Sundarban, with a soft sandy bottom. Because the species N. blochii was previously recorded for the first time in the water area of Bangladesh, the single captured species above was considered as the ‘second record.’ There are several potential factors responsible for the introduction of this species in the Bay of the Bengal coast, one being the similar habitat conditions available to them. Because this species was previously reported from the water area of Bangladesh and is still appearing now, there is a possibility that it may become established in the water area of Bangladesh.
Identifying potential pollution hazards to the ecological well‐being of Lake Hayq and Lake Hardibo and related threats in Ethiopia: Advocating development of decision‐support tools and policy options
Authors: Zinabu Eskinder 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe present study focuses on the pollutants draining into two closely related lakes in northcentral Ethiopia and related policy issues at a national scale. Observational interviews were conducted in the catchments of the lakes, and related published scientific and policy papers were examined. The susceptibility of the lakes to degradation was investigated on the basis of a set of related attributes and associated questions. The hydrological, morphometric features, chemical and biological characteristics, land uses and socio‐economic activities within the catchments of the lakes were assessed. Soil erosion, nutrients and plastic and organic wastes are identified as likely pollutants posing risks to the lake aquatic ecosystems. A better understanding of the sources, distribution and dynamics of the pollution vectors within the catchments is important in order to protect the lakes from further degradation. Based on a national perspective, the absence of monitoring and emission controls in catchments is hindering the development and application of protection measures in the lake catchments. Legal enforcement directed to controlling point source pollutants is poor, with regulation of diffuse source pollution being urgently needed to protect the lakes. Accordingly, commitment on the part of the federal, regional and local governments is clearly required to enhance assessment and enforcement capacities and to authorize regulating institutions.
Age and growth rate estimations as a basis for assessing the population dynamics of Hydrocynus vittatus Castelnau 1861 in the Sanyati Basin of Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe
Authors: Magqina Terence , Dalu Tatenda , Mhlanga Lindah , Nhiwatiwa Tamuka 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn early fish life stages, information on their age structure can be used to clarify the effects of environmental changes on their growth and survival, thereby providing an improved understanding of factors affecting their recruitment success. There is currently inadequate understanding of the age structure of Hydrocynus vittatus in the Sanyati Basin of Lake Kariba in Zimbabwe. Accordingly, the present study investigated the age of tigerfish in the Sanyati Basin of Lake Kariba using whole otoliths and scales for comparison. The results indicated ages read on the basis of scales and otoliths of H. vittatus agreed to a larger extent for fish aged one to four years than for fish older than four years. There was a significant difference (χ2 = 8.520, p = .024) in the ages obtained from analysis of scales and otoliths for fish older than four years. The average percentage error and coefficient of variation were found to be 6.03% and 8.1% for whole otoliths, respectively, for the present study. The APE and CV values for scales were 13.81% and 17.41%, respectively. Relatie age data for whole otoliths fit the von Bertalanffy growth model, while that for scales did not fit the von Bertalanffy model, resulting in many outliers and much scatter of the data. The whole otolith parameters for the von Bertalanffy growth curve were L‐infinity = 682.5 mm, k = 0.530 and t0 = 3.19. Based on the results of the present study, it can be concluded in this case that whole otoliths were the best method of ageing tigerfish from Lake Kariba. Accordingly, it is recommended that otoliths be used for ageing tigerfish in Lake Kariba and that scales be used for ageing tigerfish only up to four years in age.
The association between female reproductive performance and leukocyte telomere length in wild Soay sheep
Authors: Ravindran Sanjana , Froy Hannah , Underwood Sarah L. , Dorrens Jennifer , Seeker Luise A. , Watt Kathryn , Wilbourn Rachael V. , Pilkington Jill G. , Harrington Lea , Pemberton Josephine M. , Nussey Daniel H. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTelomere length (TL), typically measured across a sample of blood cells, has emerged as an exciting potential marker of physiological state and of the costs of investment in growth and reproduction within evolutionary ecology. While there is mounting evidence from studies of wild vertebrates that short TL predicts raised subsequent mortality risk, the relationship between reproductive investment and TL is less clear cut, and previous studies report both negative and positive associations. In this study, we examined the relationship between TL and different aspects of maternal reproductive performance in a free‐living population of Soay sheep. We find evidence for shorter TL in females that bred, and thus paid any costs of gestation, compared to females that did not breed. However, we found no evidence for any association between TL and litter size. Furthermore, females that invested in gestation and lactation actually had longer TL than females who only invested in gestation because their offspring died shortly after birth. We used multivariate models to decompose these associations into among‐ and within‐individual effects, and discovered that within‐individual effects were driving both the negative association between TL and gestation, and the positive association between TL and lactation. This suggests that telomere dynamics may reflect recent physiologically costly investment or variation in physiological condition, depending on the aspect of reproduction being investigated. Our results highlight the physiological complexity of vertebrate reproduction, and the need to better understand how and why different aspects of physiological variation underpinning life histories impact blood cell TL.
Mechanical state inversion method for structural performance evaluation of existing suspension bridges using 3D laser scanning
Authors: Zhou Yin , Xiang Zhongfu , Zhang Xuesong , Wang Yue , Han Daguang , Ying Chunli 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe abnormal mechanicalstate will cause the structural performance degradation of a suspension bridge. This paper presents a mechanical state inversion method for suspension bridges based on the measured intersection points of main cables using 3D laser scanning. First, based on the catenary, the mathematical model between the suspender force and the measured intersection points coordinates is established, and an accurate calculation method of suspender force is proposed. Then, an accurate calculation method for the internal force of suspension bridge components with abnormal suspender force is proposed to evaluate the structural performance. Numerical experiments show that the proposed method is accurate in theory. Finally, 3D laser scanning is used to capture the shape of the main cable, and an automated algorithm is developed to calculate the intersection point of the main cables precisely. The accuracy and reliability of the proposed method have been verified on a completed suspension bridge with a span of 808 m.
Real‐time structural displacement estimation by fusing asynchronous acceleration and computer vision measurements
Authors: Ma Zhanxiong , Choi Jaemook , Sohn Hoon 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAlthough displacement measurement is essential for many civil infrastructure applications, the precise estimation of structural displacement remains a challenge. In this study, a structural displacement estimation technique was developed by fusing asynchronous acceleration and computer vision measurements using a Kalman filter. First, the scale factor, which converts translation from vision measurements (in pixel units) into displacement (in length units), is automatically computed using a natural target (i.e., without any artificial target or any prior knowledge of the target size). Second, an improved feature matching algorithm was developed to better trace the natural target within the computer vision. Third, an adaptive multirate Kalman filter was formulated such that asynchronous computer vision and acceleration measurements with different sampling rates could be seamlessly combined to improve displacement estimation. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed displacement estimation technique were validated by performing shaking table, four‐story building model, and steel box girder pedestrian bridge tests. In all tests, the proposed technique was able to accurately estimate displacements with root mean square errors of less than 3 mm.