bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single-Dose Intraoperative Steroid Administration Does Not Impact Early Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence
Authors: Agboola Kolade M. , Dietrich Michael , Karki Roshan , Lodhi Fahad , McGill Trevon , Asirvatham Samuel J. , Deshmukh Abhishek J. , DeSimone Christopher V. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the effect of single-dose intravenous dexamethasone on AF recurrence following radiofrequency catheter ablation. Methods: A cohort of 94 adult patients (>18 years) underwent catheter ablation at Mayo Clinic Rochester from January to March 2019. Only first-time ablation patients were included, with all re-do ablations excluded to minimize heterogeneity. Administration of intraoperative dexamethasone 4 mg or 8 mg was determined by chart review from the procedure. At our institution, intraoperative intravenous steroids are administered for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) prophylaxis at the discretion of the anesthesiologist. AF recurrence was determined by ECG or cardiac monitoring at less than 3 months or between 3 months and 1 year with an in-person follow-up visit. Results: A total of 36.2% of patients received intravenous dexamethasone compared to 63.8% who did not (providing a 2:1 comparison group). The incidence of documented AF or flutter lasting greater than 30 seconds was 20.6% in the dexamethasone group versus 21.7% in the non-dexamethasone group, p value 1.00. AF or atrial flutter recurrence from 3 months to 1 year was 20.6% in the dexamethasone group compared to 21.7% in the non-dexamethasone group, p value 1.00. Conclusion: These data suggest that intraoperative intravenous dexamethasone administered during AF ablation for postoperative nausea and vomiting prophylaxis does not have a significant effect on AF recurrence rates.
Tsallis Entropy of Uncertain Random Variables and Its Application
Authors: He Zhenhua , Ahmadzade Hamed , Rezaei Kamran , Rezaei Hassan , Naderi Habib 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Tsallis entropy ia a flexible extension of Shanon (logarithm) entropy. Since, entropy measures indeterminacy of an uncertain random variable, this paper proposes the concept of partial Tsallis entropy for uncertain random variables as a flexible devise in chance theory. An approach for calculating partial Tsallis entropy for uncertain random variables, based on Monte-Carlo simulation, is provided. As an application in finance, partial Tsallis entropy is invoked to optimize portfolio selection of uncertain random returns via crow search algorithm.
Analysis of energy absorption characteristics of corrugated top beam of anti-impact hydraulic support
Authors: MAO JUN , GUO Chenghu , XIE MIAO 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
To solve the problem that the response of the walking platform of bricklaying robot is slow and uncertain factors such as load change and friction of hydraulic cylinder affect the adjustment accuracy, an electro-hydraulic servo system with four hydraulic cylinders is designed. The system is an improved ADRC method. The available information of the whole system is fully considered, and the piston rod position deviations of the hydraulic cylinder is taken as the input of the whole controller to reduce the phase lag caused by the extended observer and improve the response speed of the control system. The position deviations of the piston rod in a cylinder is compensated by observation, and the high-order term and uncertain disturbance in the whole control system are defined as total disturbance, so the structure of the controller is simplified appropriately. Finally, MATLAB and AMESim are used for simulation analysis. The simulation results show that the improved ADRC method can significantly improve the response speed of the system and the suppression of uncertain disturbance. This research provides a theoretical basis for the research of masonry robot mobile platforms.
Video Reflexive Ethnography Methodology to Explore the Use of Variable Rate Intravenous Insulin Infusions
Authors: Iflaifel Mais , Lim Rosemary H , Crowley Clare , Greco Francesca , Iedema Rick 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: The use of variable rate intravenous insulin infusion (VRIII) is a complex process that has consistently been implicated in reports of error and consequent harm. Investment in patient safety has focused mainly on learning from errors, though this has yet to be proved to reduce error rates. The Resilient Health Care approach advocates learning from everyday practices. Video reflexive ethnography (VRE) is an innovative methodology used to capture, reflect on and thereby improve these. This study set out to explore the use of VRIII with VRE, a secondary aim being to describe VRE’s feasibility and acceptability. Methods: This study was conducted in a Vascular Surgery Unit. Quantitative data (e.g. blood glucose measurements) were collected from electronic patient records. Qualitative data were collected using VRE methodology. The latter involved videoing healthcare practitioners caring for patients treated with VRIII and discussing the resulting video-clips with participants in reflexive meetings. Transcripts of these were subjected to thematic analysis and the quantitative data used to judge the outcomes of the video-observed tasks. Feasibility in relation to recruitment and data collection, as well as the acceptability of using VRE, were assessed based on participant responses during the study.Results: The use of VRE in conjunction with quantitative data revealed that context-dependent adaptations (seeking verbal orders to treat hypoglycaemia) and standardised practices (using VRIII guidelines) were strategies used in everyday work. Reflexive meetings highlighted the challenges faced while using VRIII (lack of knowledge of the appropriate medications to be prescribed with VRIII) and encouraged participants to suggest solutions (face-to-face, VRIII-focused training). The use of VRE was judged acceptable, based on the researcher’s interpretation of participants’ willingness to participate, and feasible, since all patients and 83% of the healthcare practitioners who were approached to participate agreed to do so. Conclusions: VRE deepened understanding of VRIII by shedding light on its essential tasks and the challenges and adaptations entailed by its use. The use of VRE to explore VRIII in a single unit was judged feasible and acceptable. However, future research might focus on collecting data across various units and hospitals to develop a full picture of the use of VRIIIs.
The Catalytic Mechanism of Intercalated Chlorine Anions as Active Basic Sites in Mgal-layered Double Hydroxide for COS Hydrolysis
Authors: Li Changming , Zhao Shuying , Yao Xiaolong , He Li , Xu Simin , Shen Xianbao , Yao Zhiliang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In order to make clear the role of intercalated anions in layered double hydroxides (LDHs) for catalytic hydrolysis of COS, the adsorption and reaction characteristics of COS over the simple Mg2Al-Cl-LDH model catalyst were studied by both theoretical and experimental methods. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations by CASTEP found that the chloride ions in LDH function as the key Brønsted-base sites to activate the adsorbed H2O with enlarged bond length and angle, facilitate the dissociative adsorption of intermediates including mono-thiocarbonic acid (MTA) and hydrogen thiocarbonic acid (HTA), and participate in the formation of transient states and subsequent hydrogen transfer process with decreased energy barriers during COS hydrolysis. COS hydrolysis will preferentially go through the dissociated intermediates of mono-thiocarbonates (MT) and hydrogen thiocarbonates (HT) with dramatically decreased energy barriers, and the rate-determining step of COS hydrolysis over Mg2Al-Cl-LDH will be the nucleophilic addition of C=O in COS by H2O (Ea = 1.10 eV). The experimental results further revealed that the apparent activation energy (0.89 eV) of COS hydrolysis over Mg2Al-Cl-LDH is close to theoretical value (1.10 eV), and the accumulated intermediates of MT, HT or carbonate were also observed by FT-IR around 1363 cm-1 on the used Mg2Al-Cl-LDH, which are well in accordance with the theoretical prediction. The demonstrated participation of intercalated chlorine anions in the evolution of intermediates and transient states as Brønsted-base sites during COS hydrolysis will give new insight into the basic sites in LDH materials.
Upregulated microRNA-210-3p Improves Sevoflurane-induced Protective Effect on Ventricular Remodeling in Rats With Myocardial Infarction by Inhibiting ADCY9
Authors: Wu Yahui , Wang Taofu , Qiao Liang , Lin Hongqi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveMyocardial infarction (MI) is a significant cause of death and disability, and sevoflurane (sevo) can protect myocardium in clinic. We aim to assess the effects of miR-210-3p on MI rats undergoing sevo treatment with the involvement of adenylyl cyclase type 9 (ADCY9).MethodsRat MI models were constructed by ligation of the left anterior descending and the modeled mice were respectively treated with sevo, miR-210-3p agomir/antagomir or overexpressed ADCY9. Then, miR-210-3p and ADCY9 expression, cardiac function, myocardial injury and fibrosis, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in rats were evaluated. Target relation between miR-210-3p and ADCY9 was detected.ResultsMiR-210-3p was downregulated while ADCY9 was upregulated in MI rats. Sevo was able to promote cardiac function and attenuate myocardial injury and fibrosis, as well as cardiomyocyte apoptosis in MI rats. These effects of sevo were strengthened by miR-210-3p elevation while abolished by miR-210-3p inhibition. The role of elevated miR-210-3p in MI rats was reversed by overexpression of ADCY9.ConclusionUpregulated miR-210-3p improves sevo-induced protective effect on ventricular remodeling in rats with MI through inhibiting ADCY9.
An Analysis of The Impact On ICERs Due To A Change In The Discount Rate From 5% To 1.5% A Kerfuffle Over Changes In CADTH Guidelines
Authors: Nauenberg Eric , Hussain Mofakhar , Guo Jennifer 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: In 2017, The Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health (CADTH) made a large change in their Guidelines for the Economic Evaluation of Health Technologies, by decreasing the reference case discount rate from 5% to 1.5%. This change may substantially impact the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) submitted to Canadian funding authorities. Since it is not required to include the 5% discount rate in sensitivity analysis, decision makers may find comparing ICERS calculated at different time-points challenging.Methods: This paper constructs look-up tables for making such comparisons under three scenarios that involve either constant costs and benefits and linear changes in costs and/or benefits over time. Results: Cost-benefit projections that most closely emulate patterns observed with surgical interventions often combined with short-term prescription drug therapies can produce ICERs that are over 30% higher when a 5.0% discount rate is applied in comparison to one at 1.5%.Conclusions: There are occasions when original data and methodologies are unavailable that can be leveraged for reanalysis when discount rates change. In the instance of the Canadian context, the recommended change in reference discount rate as of 2017 was substantial requiring methods for comparing cost-effectiveness analyses conducted both before and after the change in discount rate. This paper offers a method for making such comparisons.
[Co(TPP)]–Catalyzed Carbene Transfer from Acceptor–Acceptor Iodonium Ylides via N-enolate Carbene Radicals
Authors: Epping Roel , Hoeksma Mees , Bobylev Eduard , Mathew Simon , de Bruin Bas 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Square-planar cobalt(II)-systems have emerged as powerful carbene transfer catalysts for the synthesis of numerous (hetero)cyclic compounds via cobalt(III)-carbene radical intermediates. Spectroscopic detection and characterization of reactive carbene radical intermediates is limited to a few scattered experiments, centering around mono-substituted carbenes. Here, we reveal the unique formation of disubstituted cobalt(III)-carbene radicals derived from a cobalt(II)-porphyrin complex and acceptor–acceptor λ3-iodaneylidenes (iodonium ylides) as carbene precursors and their catalytic application. Particularly noteworthy is the fact that iodonium ylides generate novel bis-carbenoid species via reversible ligand modification of the paramagnetic [Co(TPP)]-catalyst. Two interconnected catalytic cycles are involved in the overall mechanism, with a mono-carbene radical and an unprecedented N-enolate-carbene radical intermediate at the heart of each respective cycle. Notably, N-enolate formation is not a deactivation pathway, and both the N-enolate and carbene radical moieties can be transferred to styrene. The findings are supported by extensive experimental and computational studies.
COVID Detection From Chest X-ray Using MobileNet and Residual Separable Convolution Block
Authors: Kakarla Jagadeesh , Isunuri Bala Venkateswarlu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A newly emerged coronavirus disease affects the social and economical life of the world. This virus mainly infects the respiratory system and spreads with airborne communication. Several countries witness the serious consequences of the COVID pandemic. Early detection of COVID infection is the critical step to survive a patient from death. The chest radiography examination is the fast and cost-effective way for COVID detection. Several researchers have been motivated to automate COVID detection and diagnosis process using chest X-ray images. However, existing models employ deep networks and are suffering from high training time. This work presents transfer learning and residual separable convolution block for COVID detection. The proposed model utilizes pre-trained MobileNet for binary image classification. The proposed residual separable convolution block has improved the performance of basic MobileNet. Two publicly available datasets COVID5K, and COVIDRD have considered for the evaluation of the proposed model. Our proposed model exhibits superior performance than existing state-of-art and pre-trained models with 99% accuracy on both datasets. We have achieved similar performance on noisy datasets. Moreover, the proposed model outperforms existing pre-trained models with less training time and competitive performance than basic MobileNet. Further, our model is suitable for mobile applications as it uses fewer parameters and lesser training time.
Multiple Land-Use Fugacity Model to Assess the Environmental Fate of PAHs – A Mega-City Under COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Li Qian , Vilela Paulina , Nam Kijeon , Yoo ChangKyoo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Along with the accelerated process of urbanization, the contradiction between social development and environment become increasingly conspicuous. Herein, we access the transport and fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by a newly proposed multiple land-use fugacity (MLUF) model to provide comprehensive understanding of PAHs distribution in an urban and suburban areas. PAHs behave differently towards distinct soil types and land covers within the soil phase. We suggest and implement the MLUF model to estimate the PAHs distribution in diverse land types. Moreover, we introduce a multivariate interpretation and systematic model calibration framework to validate the MLUF model adaptability in different land-use area. Accordingly, the organic film on impervious surfaces holds the highest PAHs concentration than other compartments, also soil and sediment phases keep most of PAHs. The potential cancer risk of PAHs in different land-usecompartments follow the order of urban green space > agricultural area > forest and semi-nature area. Besides, the dynamic MLUF model is developed and implemented to the period of COVID-19 pandemic for quantitively estimating the dynamic variations of the PAHs concentration. Finally, we can realize the better scientific understanding of the typical PAHs environmental pollutants transfer phenomena and distribution fates in urban and suburban areas.
Acacia Mangium × A. Auriculiformis Micropropagation in a Non-Sterile Environment
Authors: Lu Yanping , Huang Liejian , Wang Hong , Shahid Muhammad Qasim 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Autoclaving is used to eliminate contamination during tissue culturing, however, it is a complicated process, time-consuming and costly. Chemical sterilization of tissue culture can effectively eliminate contamination, is a simple procedure, and cost effective. However, studies on the chemical sterilization mostly focus on bud induction, while the effects of chemical sterilization overall process of tissue culture, including bud induction, proliferation, and rooting, remain to be determined. Here, we investigate the effect of chemical sterilization on bud induction, proliferation, and rooting of Acacia mangium × A. auriculiformis.Results: The results showed that chlorothalonil (0.2 g/L) was a suitable chemical sterilant, and bud induction medium was 1/8 Murashige and Skoog medium + agar 7 g/L + chlorothalonil 0.2 g/L + 6-benzylaminopurine 0.5 mg/L The highest induction rate (99.54%) was observed in the third to fifth buds’ stem segments collected in October treated with 0.8 g/L carbendazim for 3 min, with a contamination rate of 0. The rooting medium was agar 7 g/L + chlorothalonil 0.2 g/L+ indolebutyric acid 1.5 mg/L + naphthylacetic acid 0.5 mg/L, and the rooting rate was 97.62%. The proliferation rate and subculture duration showed a positive correlation, while the proliferation rate was 3.58 times higher at the fourth subculture rooting. Conclusions: Our results suggest that chlorothalonil can effectively replace autoclaving during bud induction, proliferation, and rooting of A. mangium × A. auriculiformis. The findings of this study provide technical support for rapid seedlings propagation, accelerates the breeding process of Acacia, and can be applied in other tree species.
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography of The Macular Microcirculation in Acute Primary Angle Closure Treated With Phacoemulsification
Authors: Fu Lin , Chan Yau Kei , Fang Jia , Liu Junbo , Wen Shumei , Shen Li Jun , Wang Jun , Yu Guan Shun , Nie Li 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To measure the changes of macular microcirculation in cases with unilateral acute primary angle closure (APAC) who were managed by phacoemulsification.
Methods
Patients with unilateral APAC and managed by phacoemulsification were enrolled. The contralateral unaffected eyes were served as fellow group, and normal individuals were recruited as control group. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) was performed to analyse the macular whole image vessel density (wiVD) and parafoveal vessel density (pfVD). The retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell complex (GCC) thicknesses were assessed using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.
Results
A total of 36 APAC patients and 35 eyes from 35 normal individuals were recruited. In the APAC eyes, the mean wiVD (42.1% ± 3.7%) and pfVD (45.2% ± 3.8%) in the superficial layers (wiVD-SL and pfVD-SL) were both significantly reduced, compared to fellow eyes (45.7% ± 3.1%, 48.7% ±3.1%) and control eyes (44.4% ± 4.7%, 47.4% ± 5.1%) (P < 0.05). They were all statistically correlated with RNFL, GCC, visual field pattern standard deviation (PSD), and mean deviation (MD).
Conclusion
The macular OCT-A parameters including wiVD-SL and pfVD-SL were significantly reduced in the eyes with APAC compared the fellow unaffected eyes and normal control eyes. They were correlated well with RNFL, GCC, PSD and MD. The macular vessel density parameters may help monitor the progression of APAC.
Spatial Correlation Based Transmit Antenna Selection Assisted Fully Generalized Spatial Modulation for Peer-to-Peer Communications
Authors: Kumaravelu Vinoth Babu , Vardhan Gudla Vishnu , S Asha , P Prakasam , Murugadass Arthi , Soria Francisco Rubén Castillo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The next generation technologies like device-to-device ( D2D ) and small cells employ small scale multiple input multiple output ( MIMO ) systems for peer-to-peer ( P2P ) communications. Due to higher spectral and energy efficiencies , spatial modulation (SM) has become one of the dominant next generation technologies. To maximize spectral efficiency and user experience, high rate SM variants like fully generalized spatial modulation ( FGSM ) can be employed for P2P applications. Due to insufficient spacing between antenna elements of devices, access points (AP), millimetre wave ( mmWave ) and sub- THz bands of operations, the performance of SM variants are hindered in P2P scenarios. The average bit error rate ( ABER ) performance of FGSM is severely degraded by atleast 13 dB under spatially correlated channel conditions. To enhance the performance of FGSM , three different transmit antenna selection ( TAS ) schemes are utilized, which eliminate transmit antennas with maximum spatial correlation. First TAS scheme performs antenna selection based on spatial correlation angle alone, whereas other two schemes use channel capacity in addition to spatial correlation angle. Through extensive Monte Carlo simulations, it has been proved that TAS based on spatial correlation ( TAS -SC- FGSM ) scheme offers a performance gain of at least 8 dB over conventional FGSM without antenna selection ( FGSM - NTAS ). TAS -SC- FGSM also outperforms other two hybrid TAS schemes at the cost of higher computational complexity.
Acute Respiratory Failure After Feeding Tube Placement in ALS: An Underrecognized Problem
Authors: Sahib Kim , Provost Karin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Introduction

Our objective was to identify parameters to identify Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) patients at risk of acute respiratory failure after enteral feeding tube (EFT) insertion.
Methods

Retrospective single-site, IRB-exempt review of 17 patients identified by procedure code 43246 (Esophagogastroduodenoscopy) and ALS (ICD9-335, ICD10-G12.2) between 2015–2019. Spirometry, pre/post-procedure VC, use of non-invasive ventilation, procedure type and type of sedation were reviewed. Statistical significance determined at P ≤ .05. Cohen’s d effect size was done to address impact of the small sample size.
Results

Procedure selection followed the American Academy of Neurology recommendations using pre-procedure FVC; lowest risk (FVC > 50%) patients were referred for percutaneous enteral gastrostomy (PEG), whereas moderate risk (FVC 30–50%) and high risk (FVC < 30%) patients were referred for radiographically inserted gastrostomy or PEG with endotracheal intubation. Despite appropriate pre-operative risk stratification by FVC, post-procedure vital capacity (VC) acutely and significantly declined in 35% of patients, (mean decline 56%, SD 33), that impacted all procedure types.
Conclusion

In our case series, 35% of ALS patients developed acute respiratory failure with a marked acute drop in VC after enteral feeding tube placement. Pre-procedure FVC risk stratification into low, moderate or high risk did not identify patients who developed acute procedural respiratory failure, as this was not limited to those patients identified pre-operatively as moderate or high-risk. Post-procedure VC and change from pre-procedure measurements did identify patients who needed increased, inpatient post-procedure respiratory support. Implication of these observations drawn from a retrospective review support the need for additional research, to both confirm the initial findings in a larger sample size, difficult in single center trials with a low prevalence disease; further explore the impact of the type of sedation on post procedure respiratory failure, and determine if this is unique to ALS, or more broadly impacts patients with all forms of neuromuscular respiratory insufficiency.