bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The MUSE-Faint survey
Authors: Zoutendijk Sebastiaan L. , Brinchmann Jarle , Bouché Nicolas F. , den Brok Mark , Krajnović Davor , Kuijken Konrad , Maseda Michael V. , Schaye Joop 
Published: May 2021

Aims. We use stellar line-of-sight velocities to constrain the dark-matter density profile of Eridanus 2, an ultra-faint dwarf galaxy with an absolute V-band magnitude MV = −7.1 that corresponds to a stellar mass M* ≈ 9 × 104 M⊙. We furthermore derive constraints on fundamental properties of self-interacting and fuzzy dark matter scenarios.
Methods. We present new observations of Eridanus 2 from MUSE-Faint, a survey of ultra-faint dwarf galaxies with the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer on the Very Large Telescope, and determine line-of-sight velocities for stars inside the half-light radius. Combined with literature data, we have 92 stellar tracers out to twice the half-light radius. With these tracers we constrain models of cold dark matter, self-interacting dark matter, and fuzzy dark matter, using CJAM and pyGravSphere for the dynamical analysis. The models of self-interacting and fuzzy dark matter relate the density profile to the self-interaction coefficient and the dark-matter particle mass, respectively.
Results. We find substantial evidence (Bayes factor ∼10−0.6) for cold dark matter (a cuspy halo) over self-interacting dark matter (a cored halo) and weak evidence (Bayes factor ∼10−0.4) for fuzzy dark matter over cold dark matter. We find a virial mass M200 ∼ 108 M⊙ and astrophysical factors J(αcJ) ~ 1011 M⊙2 kpc−5 and D(αcD) ~ 102 − 102.5 M⊙ kpc−2 (proportional to dark-matter annihilation and decay signals, respectively), the exact values of which depend on the density profile model. The mass-to-light ratio within the half-light radius is consistent with the literature. We do not resolve a core (rc < 47 pc, 68% confidence level) or a soliton (rsol < 7.2 pc, 68% confidence level). These limits are equivalent to an effective self-interaction coefficient fΓ < 2.2 × 10−29 cm3 s−1 eV−1 c2 and a fuzzy-dark-matter particle mass ma > 4.0 × 10−20 eV c−2. The constraint on self-interaction is complementary to those from gamma-ray searches. The constraint on fuzzy-dark-matter particle mass is inconsistent with those obtained for larger dwarf galaxies, suggesting that the flattened density profiles of those galaxies are not caused by fuzzy dark matter.
Features of monitoring bearing structures in the scientific and technical support of construction
Authors: Muzychenko Sergey , Topchiy Dmitry 
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this article is to analyze the possibility and feasibility of using forms and methods of scientific and technical support to increase the efficiency of monitoring the properties and states of load-bearing structures.
The task is to substantiate and develop an algorithm for assessing and predicting the states of load-bearing structures while monitoring the parameters of the effects on external and internal environment of construction production.
Research methods are systematic approach to the analysis of the conditions for obtaining relevant and reliable information data on the states of bearing structures being erected.
Research hypothesis - expanding the scope of scientific and technical support in the format of predicting possible changes in properties and states will significantly increase the efficiency in monitoring carried out during the construction of load-bearing structures and suitable for assessing the subsequent operational suitability of construction facilities.
The result of this research is a mathematical model for predicting (assessing) changes in properties and states during the construction of load-bearing structures.
In recent years, due to increasing volume of construction of high-rise buildings, the relevance of such a line of activity as scientific and technical support of construction is growing. In comparison with technical supervision, which has the task of monitoring the activities of contractors, scientific and technical support of construction (STSC) has both an applied and a scientific approach, specifically, it develops and implements new construction methods, as well as modern materials, in order to obtain maximum efficiency and saving money and labor costs during construction and installation work.
The very definition of scientific and technical support sounds like this - a set of works of scientific and analytical, methodological, informational, expert control and organizational nature carried out by specialized organizations in the process of survey, design and erection of construction facilities in order to ensure the quality of construction, reliability (safety, functional suitability and durability) of buildings and structures, taking into account the applied non-standard design and technical solutions, materials and structures.
Hormone Replacement Therapy After Gynaecological Malignancies: a Review Article
Authors: Sourouni Marina , Kiesel Ludwig 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRapid advances in oncology have led to an increased survival rate in cancer patients, who live long enough to reach the natural age of menopause or experience the end of gonadal function as a side effect of oncological treatment. Survivors after gynaecological malignancies are a major challenge as these diseases are hormone-dependent and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) possibly increases the risk of recurrence. This article is based on a selective literature search for relevant studies and guidelines regarding HRT after gynaecological malignancies and provides a broad overview of current research. The data for assessing the oncological safety of HRT after gynaecological malignancy are insufficient overall. According to current knowledge, HRT is fundamentally contraindicated after breast and endometrial cancer. After ovarian cancer, HRT can be used after assessment of the risks and benefits, while there is usually no contraindication to HRT after vulvar, vaginal or
cervical cancer.
Bone Metabolism, Bone Mineral Content, and Density in Elite Late Teen
Female Sprinters
Authors: Tsukahara Yuka , Torii Suguru , Yamasawa Fumihiro , Iwamoto Jun , Otsuka Takanobu , Goto Hideyuki , Kusakabe Torao , Matsumoto Hideo , Akama Takao 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWith intensive training, bone injuries are a major concern for athletes. To
assess bone condition, we often measure bone turnover markers, bone mineral
content and density; however, in junior athletes, it is not easy to distinguish
changes caused by bone injuries from those caused by growth, because the
metabolism is increased in both cases. Moreover, although some studies have
examined female endurance athletes, knowledge regarding changes in static and
dynamic bone conditions in late teen athletes is limited. In this study, we
measured the bone mineral content and density, as well as bone turnover markers,
in 40 elite female sprinters in their late teens. Whole body mode dual-energy
X-ray absorptiometry was performed to measure bone mineral content and density.
Blood samples were collected to determine bone resorption and formation markers
at the end of track season in 2016 and during the same period of the following
year. Body weight and bone mineral content significantly increased, and
tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase type 5b, bone-type alkaline phosphatase, and
osteocalcin significantly decreased after a year. Furthermore, the rate of
change in bone mineral content was higher in younger athletes, indicating that
bone growth approaches completion in the late teen years and that bone
metabolism accordingly decreases.
Entzugssyndrom nach dem Absetzen von Lithium – Eine systematische Literaturübersicht
Authors: Gutwinski Stefan , Fierley Lea , Schreiter Stefanie , Bermpohl Felix , Heinz Andreas , Henssler Jonathan 
Published: May 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Für Lithium ist die Evidenzlage zu Absetzsyndromen nicht ausreichend systematisch erfasst.
Ziel Systematische Übersicht zum Auftreten von Entzugssyndromen nach dem Absetzen von Lithium.
Methodik Systematische Literatursuche in PubMed und den Literaturverzeichnissen von relevanten Artikeln. Eingeschlossen wurden Studien und Fallberichte mit dem Thema Entzugssyndrom nach Absetzen von Lithium.
Ergebnisse Es wurden insgesamt 249 Treffer einbezogen von denen 6 Artikel die Einschlusskriterien erfüllten. Die 6 Artikel umfassen 6 Studien und 1 Fallserie mit 4 Fallberichten. Vier Studien und 3 Fallberichte geben einen Hinweis auf das Bestehen eines Entzugssyndroms, unabhängig von der Grunderkrankung. Häufig berichtet werden allgemeine Irritabilität, Unruhe und somatische Symptome wie Schwindel und Benommenheit. Die Symptome treten rasch nach Absetzen von Lithium auf und zeigen sich als eher mild und selbstlimitierend.
Schlussfolgerung Bei schwacher Evidenzlage legen die vorhandenen Daten nahe, dass Entzugssyndrome nach dem Absetzen von Lithium grundsätzlich vorkommen können. Zur weiteren Bestimmung von Charakteristika, Prädiktoren und Behandlungs- oder Präventionsstrategien sind methodisch hochwertige, kontrollierte Studien erforderlich.
Evolutionary design of magnetic soft continuum robots
Authors: Wang Liu , Zheng Dongchang , Harker Pablo , Patel Aman B. , Guo Chuan Fei , Zhao Xuanhe 
Published: May 2021

SignificanceMagnetic soft continuum robots (MSCRs) capable of magnetic field–controllable steering offer great promise for the endovascular treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, existing MSCRs are often limited to small workspaces because of the lack of efficient design and optimization tools. In this work, we introduce an evolutionary design strategy by integrating theoretical modeling and the genetic algorithm. Enabled by this strategy, the proposed MSCR achieves an optimal workspace much larger than those of the state-of-the-art MSCRs. The proposed design strategy also offers a potent tool for efficient design and optimization of future magnetic soft robots and actuators.
Pharmacological inhibition of MDA-9/Syntenin blocks breast cancer metastasis through suppression of IL-1β
Authors: Pradhan Anjan K. , Maji Santanu , Bhoopathi Praveen , Talukdar Sarmistha , Mannangatti Padmanabhan , Guo Chunqing , Wang Xiang-Yang , Cartagena Lorraine Colon , Idowu Michael , Landry Joseph W. , Sarkar Devanand , Emdad Luni , Cavenee Webster K. , Das Swadesh K. , Fisher Paul B. 
Published: May 2021

SignificanceMetastasis is a leading cause of breast cancer-associated death. MDA-9/Syntenin expression is elevated and contributes at multiple nodal points in the metastatic process. Inhibition of MDA-9/Syntenin using a pharmacological inhibitor (PDZ1i), which blocks protein–protein interactions, suppresses metastasis in syngeneic mouse and human xenograft models. PDZ1i therapy robustly constrains breast cancer metastasis in syngeneic animals by inhibiting tumor cell-derived interleukin-1β secretion through deactivation of STAT3 and reducing infiltration of immune suppressor cells in the metastatic niche. Enhanced antitumor immunity correlates with expansion of interferon-γ–expressing T cells and conversion of the immunosuppressive microenvironment into an immunostimulatory tumor environment. Collectively, our findings highlight the essential function of MDA-9/Syntenin in immune tolerance, documenting a promising therapeutic strategy selectively targeting breast cancer metastasis.
Testing hilltop supernatural inflation with gravitational waves
Authors: Lin Chia-Min 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The scale of small-field inflation cannot be constrained via primordial gravitational waves through measurement of tensor-to-scalar ratio r.
In this study, I show that if cosmic strings are produced after symmetry breaking at the end of hilltop supernatural inflation, this small-field inflation model can be tested through the production of gravitational waves from cosmic strings. Future experiments of gravitational wave detectors will determine or further constrain the parameter space in the model.
Comparative study of spark pin-array and printed circuit board surface plasma pre-ionization systems for transversely excited atmospheric CO2 laser performance
Authors: Torabi Reza , Silakhori Kaveh , Nejhad Hamid Salmani 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The performance of a homemade transversely excited atmospheric CO2 laser, capable to be alternatively run using UV spark pin-array (SPA) and printed circuit board (PCB) surface plasma pre-ionization systems, is comparatively studied. The pin-array configuration is comprised of two rows of 5 mm spark gaps symmetrically located on either side of the discharge volume. The surface plasma pre-ionization system consists of a PCB of which, one side is patterned with isolated millimeter size circular pieces. The performance of both types of pre-ionization in different working conditions was experimentally investigated and the output energies were compared with each other as well as the simulation results based on the six-temperature vibrational-rotational model. It has been found that the SPA system provides better discharge stability and uniformity with higher output energies, while using the PCB surface plasma configuration allowed the laser to operate with higher gas lifetime and lowered the need for helium in its gas mixture.
Simultaneous cooling of double oscillators in an optomechanical system with an optical parametric amplifier
Authors: Yang Hao-Tian , Yuan Zhong-Hui , Zhu Ai-Dong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Quantum manipulation of mechanical oscillators has important applications in fundamental physics and quantum information processing. Ground-state cooling of the mechanical oscillators is the prerequisite for these applications. In this paper, we propose a scheme for cooling double mechanical oscillators simultaneously, in which the parametric processes induced by a degenerate optical parameter amplifier (OPA) change the statistical properties of the cavity field, resulting in the lower average phonon numbers. However, it is worth noting that two mechanical modes with the same frequency cannot be cooled due to destructive interference between the two cooling processes. While two mechanical oscillators with different frequencies can be simultaneously cooled to near their ground-state, and the cooling efficiency can be improved by increasing the parametric gain of OPA.
A Bayesian-based approach for extracting the pion charge radius from electron-electron scattering data
Authors: Hidayat Alam A , Pardamean Bens 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this study, we utilize a potentially versatile Bayesian parameter approach to compute the value of the pion charge radius and quantify its uncertainty from several experimental

datasets for the pion vector form factor. We employ dispersion relations to model the pion vector form factor to extract the radius. Nested model selection is used to determine the order of polynomial appearing in the form factor formulation that can be supported by the data, adapting the computation of Bayes evidence and Bayesian effective complexity based on Occam's razor. Our findings indicate that five out of six used datasets favor the nine-parameter model for radius extraction, and accordingly, we average the radii from the datasets. Despite some inconsistencies with the most updated radius values, our approach may serve as a more intuitive method of addressing parameter estimations in dispersion theory.
HI detection of J030417.78+002827.4 by the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope
Authors: Yu Nai-Ping , Qian Lei , Zhang Chuan-Peng , Jiang Peng , Xu Jin-Long , Wang Jun-Jie 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We present the first HI 21 cm spectroscopy detection of J030417.78+002827.4, which is an active galactic nucleus (AGN) with an intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH) in the center. The observations were carried out with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST) last year. We relied on the ON-OFF observing approach with the 19-beam receiver covering 1.05 – 1.45 GHz. Within a total integration time of about 20 min, the root mean square (RMS) of our data reaches 1.2 mJy beam−1, at a velocity resolution of 1.6 kms. Radio frequency interference (RFI) is checked and excluded during the data analysis. The detected HI spectroscopy shows a dual-horned profile with a line width of 223.5 kms, indicating gas rotation around this AGN. The redshift of this galaxy derived from our HI observation is 0.0447. We calculate the atomic gas mass by the integrated flux of the HI emission line. The total gas mass in this galaxy is estimated to be 1.8 × 1010
M
⊙. We find the fraction of gas-to-stellar mass ratio in J030417.78+002827.4 is more than 50%. This ratio is much higher than the typical value found in other AGNs with supermassive black holes (SMBHs), and is comparable to some star-forming galaxies recently observed by FAST.
Optical monitoring and IDV analysis of the blazars S5 0716+714 and 3C 273
Authors: Liu Xiao-Lan , Yuan Yu-Hai , Huang Hong-Ren 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
S5 0716+714 and 3C 273 are frequently studied blazars, which show obvious optical variabilities with different timescales. Using the 1.0 m telescope at the Yunnan Observatory, we monitored the two sources. For S5 0716+714, we report 990 observations during the monitoring duration from JD 2458536 to JD 2458540. For 3C 273, there are 884 observations during the monitoring duration from JD 2458539 to JD 2458542. Based on those observations, we obtain the following results. (1) For S5 0716+714, there lie intra-day optical variabilities (IDVs), with timescales from 0.31 hours to 2.64 hours. For 3C 273, it is possible that there lie IDVs, with timescales from 0.36 hours to 0.49 hours. (2) The time delay of S5 0716+714 is τRI
= 3.46 min between R and I bands, and the time delay of 3C273 is τIV
= 6.42 min between I and V bands. (3) We find that, for S5 0716+714, there lies a suspected intra-day period, P ≈ 185.78 min; for 3C 273, there lie intra-day periods, which are about ∼60 min and ∼80 min.
An explanation about the flat radio spectrum for Mrk 421
Authors: Xue Rui , Wang Ze-Rui 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
It is well known that a flat radio spectrum is a common property in the spectral energy distribution of blazars. Although one-zone leptonic models are generally successful in explaining the multi-wave band emission, they are problematic in reproducing the radio spectrum. In the study of Mrk 421, one-zone models suggest that in order to avoid overproducing the radio flux, the minimum electron Lorentz factor should be larger than a few hundred at least, even considering the synchrotron self-absorption effect. This result suggests that the model predicted spectral index in the radio band of Mrk 421 should be -1/3. On the basis of this result, by assuming there is a neglected region that will also contribute the radio emission and its electron energy index naturally originates from the simplest first-order Fermi acceleration mechanism, we can get a superimposed flat radio spectrum. In this paper, a two-zone model is proposed to reproduce the quiescent state spectral energy distribution of Mrk 421. In addition to taking into account the emission from a conventional radiation zone, we further consider emission from the acceleration zone in which particles are accelerated at a shock front. With the present model, our fitting result suggests that the low frequency flat radio spectrum of Mrk 421 might be explained as a superposition of the synchrotron emission from acceleration zone and radiation zone.
Solar radio filtering algorithm based on improved long short-term memory
Authors: Du Qing-Fu , Zhang Qiao-Man , Li Xin , Gao Chang-Lin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The effective observation of burst events in solar radio research has been impeded by various interference signals, especially interference signals with a wide frequency range and high intensity, as they can partially or completely obscure the observation of burst events. Image processing methods that directly remove the interference signal channels and subtract the average of the interference signal channel are not suitable for processing all types of interference signals. This paper proposes the use of a specific kind of recurrent neural networks, called long short-term memory networks, to predict the value of the radio frequency interference signals with high intensity of the burst event in the solar radio spectrum. The predicted interference can then be removed in accordance with the principle that signals can be linearly added. Therefore, predicted value is subtracted from the data containing the burst event signals and the RFI signals (The radio frequency interference signals to be processed in this article refer to the signal of the broadcast signal that can be received in the frequency range, the signal transmitted by the mobile phone, and the signal transmitted by the sea vessel, and the like) to remove the interference. Then, in order to reduce the error caused by the stepwise prediction in the network and further improve the prediction accuracy, this paper analyzes the characteristics of the value of the radio interference and applies the digital mapping method to convert the prediction problem into the classification problem in the time series. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively remove the radio interference in the solar spectrum and clearly show the burst events.
The estimate of sensitivity for large infrared telescopes based on measured sky brightness and atmospheric extinction
Authors: Zhao Zhi-Jun , Zhou Hai-Jing , Zhang Yu-Chen , Ling Yun , Xu Fang-Yu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In order to evaluate the ground-based infrared telescope sensitivity affected by the noise from the atmosphere, instruments and detectors, we construct a sensitivity model that can calculate limiting magnitudes and signal-to-noise ratio (S/N). The model is tested with tentative measurements of M′-band sky brightness and atmospheric extinction obtained at the Ali and Daocheng sites. We find that the noise caused by an excellent scientific detector and instruments at −135° C can be ignored compared to the M′-band sky background noise. Thus, when S/N = 3 and total exposure time is 1 second for 10 m telescopes, the magnitude limited by the atmosphere is 13.01m at Ali and 12.96m at Daocheng. Even under less-than-ideal circumstances, i.e., the readout noise of a deep cryogenic detector is less than 200e− and the instruments are cooled to below −87.2° C, the above magnitudes decrease by 0.056m at most. Therefore, according to observational requirements with a large telescope in a given infrared band, astronomers can use this sensitivity model as a tool for guiding site surveys, detector selection and instrumental thermal-control.
Effect of anisotropic collisions on solar scattering polarization
Authors: Qutub Saleh , Derouich Moncef , Ahmad Badruddin Zaheer 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Scattering of anisotropic radiation by atoms, ions or molecules is sufficient to generate linear polarization observable in stars’ and planets’ atmospheres, circumstellar environments, and in particular in the Sun’s atmosphere. This kind of polarization is called scattering polarization (SP) or second solar spectrum (SSS) if it is formed near the limb of the solar photosphere. Generation of linear SP can typically be reached more easily than circular SP. Interestingly, the latter is often absent in observations and theories. Intrigued by this, we propose to demonstrate how circular SP can be created by anisotropic collisions if a magnetic field is present. We also demonstrate how anisotropic collisions can result in the creation of circular SP if the radiation field is anisotropic. We show that under certain conditions, linear SP creation is accompanied by the emergence of circular SP which can be useful for diagnostics of solar and astrophysical plasmas. We treat an example and calculate the density matrix elements of tensorial order k = 1 which are directly associated with the presence of circular SP. This work should encourage theoretical and observational research to be increasingly oriented towards circular SP profiles in addition to linear SP in order to improve our analysis tools of astrophysical and solar observations.