bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Taxane Use for Breast Cancer in Pregnancy: Neonatal Follow-Up Of Infants with Positive Detection of Intact Paclitaxel and Metabolites in Meconium at Birth
Authors: Cardonick Elyce , O’Laughlin Andie , So Samantha , Fleischer Lindsay , Akoto Serwaa 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Paclitaxel is often excluded during pregnancy for women with breast cancer due to limited neonatal follow-up. We confirmed in utero fetal Paclitaxel exposure for 8 newborns. Birth details and follow-up to 36 months of age is reported. Meconium samples from newborns exposed to chemotherapy were screened by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry while blinded to maternal treatment during pregnancy. Newborn information at birth and annually was obtained. Mean gestational age (GA) at cancer diagnosis and start of chemotherapy was 8.7 + 6.2 weeks and 17.1 +/- 3.5 weeks. Paclitaxel was started at a mean GA of 27.0 +/- 5.8 weeks. Paclitaxel followed Doxorubicin/Cyclophosphamide in 6 cases, 5-Fluouracil/Doxorubicin/Cyclophosphamide in 1, and was used alone in 1. Mean number of days between Paclitaxel and birth was 23 +/- 15. Identification of Paclitaxel and/or metabolites was made in all taxane exposed samples. Birthweight was < 10% for GA in 3 infants. Three anomalies occurred: hip dysplasia and mitral valve stenosis. The 3rd child was diagnosed with Cleidocranial Dysostosis, a familial anomaly. Mean age at pediatric follow-up is 18.7 + 9.3 months. Pediatricians report eczema and recurrent otitis media in 1 child, iron deficiency anemia and sinusitis in 2. One child is < 10% for height and weight at 15 months. All are meeting developmental milestones at median age of 18.7 months, range: 6–36 months. Conclusion: Up to 3 years of age, follow-up of neonates exposed to Paclitaxel in utero is reassuring. Continued observation of neonatal development is essential.
Physical Therapy for Type III Spinal Muscular Atrophy in a Uyghur Pedigree
Authors: wang yangyang , Ma Jing , Li Chunli , Xu Hai , Chi Jiejun , Xu Yipeng , Xie Rong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a genetically determined neuromuscular disease with predominantly proximal muscle atrophy and weakness caused by degeneration of lower motor neurons in the central nervous system. SMN1 is recognized as an SMA causing gene. The SMN2 copy numbers was assessed for SMA severity. Multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) technique allows to confirm the diagnosis of SMA. The clinical spectrum in affected individuals varies widely from severe generalized weakness (SMA types I and II) to modest proximal muscle weakness (SMA types III and IV). Most patients with SMA have reduced muscle strength and physical dysfunction more or less. Preliminary evidence in people with SMA and in SMA animal models suggests exercise has potential benefits in improving or stabilizing muscle strength and motor function. Physical therapy (PT) in the case with SMA type III to assess the effects.Methods: MLPA was carried out in a family with maternal consanguineous marriage. We evaluated feasibility, safety, and effects on strength and motor function of a supervised progressive resistance strength training exercise program in the children with SMA types III.Results: A SMA III pedigree from the Uyghur population was found a homozygous deletion of SMN1 exon 7 and exon 8. Numbers of SMN2 were 4 copies in them. The proband’s son is well tolerated to physical training. PT training is benefical to his physical function and yet improvement in fatigue and muscle strength gets limited.Conclusions: A two sessions supervised, 3 days/week progressive resistance training exercise program is feasible, safe, and well tolerated in children with SMA III.
Progranulin And Activin A Concentrations Are Elevated In Serum From Patients With Acute Exacerbations of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Xie Tian , Han Lizhen , Chen Yongxing , Wu Haihong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose To examine the serum concentrations of Progranulin (PGRN) and activin A in patients with acute exacerbations of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (AE-IPF) in a pilot study. Methods Twenty-one patients with AE-IPF were compared with 23 patients with stable idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) as a control group. Serum PGRN and activin A levels, arterial blood gas measurements and lung function were determined in these two groups. Students t-test was used to compare the differences in PGRN and activin A levels between the two groups, and Spearman correlation coefficient was used to examine the relationship between serum PGRN and activin A levels with carbon monoxide diffusion capacity in patients with IPF. Results Peripheral blood PGRN and activin A levels in patients with AE-IPF were 83.7+10.0 and 14.2+1.7 ng/ml (mean+SD), respectively, higher than those in the control group 61.0+5.8, and 5.8+1.0 (p<0.001). PGRN and activin A levels were significantly negatively correlated with carbon monoxide diffusion capacity (r=-0.857 p<0.001) and r=-0.757 (p<0.001). Conclusion: PGRN and activin A may be involved in the pathogenesis of AE-IPF. They may be possible markers of activity in AE-IPF.
Skeletal muscle fiber-type switching, myopathy, and exercise intolerance in Sigmar1 null mice
Authors: Aishwarya Richa , Abdullah Chowdhury , Remex Naznin , Alam Shafiul , Morshed Mahboob , Nitu Sadia , Hartman Brandon , King Judy , Bhuiyan Mohammad Alfred Nobel , Orr A. , Kevil Christopher , Bhuiyan Md. Shenuarin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Sigmar1 is a widely expressed, multitasking molecular chaperone protein playing functional roles in several cellular processes. Mutations in the Sigmar1 gene have been reported to associate with several motor neuropathies, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, distal hereditary motor neuropathy, silver-like syndrome, and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. All these human mutations associated with motor neuropathies show strong manifestation in skeletal muscle with phenotypes like muscle wasting and atrophy. However, the physiological function of Sigmar1 in skeletal muscle remains unexplored. Here, we determined the physiological role of Sigmar1 in skeletal muscle structure and function in five different skeletal muscles: gastrocnemius (Gastro), quadriceps (Quad), soleus (Sol), extensor digitorum longus (EDL), and tibialis anterior (TA). Quantification of myofiber cross-sectional area (CSA) showed altered muscle mass and a slow-to-fast fiber-type switch in the skeletal muscle fibers of the Sigmar1−/− mice. Interestingly, ultrastructural analysis by transmission electron microscopy showed the presence of tubular aggregates in the type I myofibers (Gastro, Quad, and TA) of Sigmar1−/− mice. Immunostaining also showed derangements in dystrophin localization in skeletal muscles from Sigmar1−/− mice. Additionally, skeletal muscle myopathy in Sigmar1−/− mice was associated with an increased number of central nuclei, increased collagen deposition, and fibrosis. Functional studies also showed reduced endurance and exercise capacity in the Sigmar1−/− mice. Overall, our studies demonstrated, for the first time, a potential physiological function of Sigmar1 in the skeletal muscle in maintaining healthy muscle structure and function.
Prediction Model for Severe Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia in Pediatric Patients by Admission Laboratory Indicators
Authors: Chang Qing , Chen Hong-Lin , Wu Neng-Shun , Gao Yan-Min , Yu Rong , Zhu Wei-Min 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objective

The purpose of this study was to develop a model for predicting severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (SMMP) in pediatric patients with MMP on admission by laboratory indicators.
Methods

Pediatric patients with MPP from January 2019 to December 2020 in our hospital were enrolled in this study. SMMP was diagnosed according to guideline for diagnosis and treatment of community acquired pneumonia in children (2019 version). Prediction model was developed according to the admission laboratory indicators. ROC curve and Goodness of fit test were analyzed for the predictive value.
Results

A total of 233 MMP patients were included in the study, with 121 males and 112 females, aged 4.541 (1–14) years. Among them, 84 (36.1%, 95% CI 29.9%-42.6%) pediatric patients were diagnosed as SMPP. Some admission laboratory indicators (IgM, eosinophil proportion, eosinophil count, hemoglobin, ESR, total protein, albumin and prealbumin) were found statistically different (P < 0.05) between non-SMMP group and SMMP group. Logistic regress analysis showed IgM, eosinophil proportion, eosinophil count, ESR, and prealbumin were independent risk factors for SMMP. According to these five admission laboratory indicators, Nomograph prediction model was developed. The AUC of the Nomograph prediction model was 0.777, and the goodness of fit test showed that the predicted incidence of the model was consistent with the actual incidence (χ2 = 244.51, P = 0.203).
Conclusion

We developed a model for predicting SMMP in pediatric patients by admission laboratory indicators. This model has good discrimination and calibration, which provides a basis for the early identification SMMP on admission.
Geographical Access to Health Facilities and Maternal Healthcare Utilization in Benin: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Tanou Mariam , Kishida Takaaki , Kamiya Yusuke 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: The world is making progress toward achieving maternal and child health (MCH) related components of the Sustainable Development Goals. Nevertheless, the progress of many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa is lagging. Geographical accessibility from residence to health facilities is suspected to be a major obstacle hampering the use of appropriate MCH services. Benin, a country with unique geographical characteristics whereby the southern and northern parts belong to different climatic zones, sees the highest maternal mortality rate among the world. Adequate use of MCH care is important to save lives of women and their babies. This study assessed the effect of distance to health facilities on maternal healthcare utilization in Benin, with an emphasis on geographical zones.Methods: We pooled two rounds of Benin Demographic and Health Surveys (BDHS). The sample included 32,727 women aged 15–49 years (16,599 from BDHS-2011/2012 and 15,928 from BDHS-2017/2018). We measured the distance from residential areas to the closest health center by merging the BDHS datasets with Benin’s geographic information system data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the effect of distance on maternal healthcare utilization. We conducted a propensity score-matching analysis to check for robustness.Results: Regression results showed that the distance to the closest health center had adverse effects on the likelihood of a woman receiving appropriate maternal healthcare. The estimates showed that one km increase in distance to the nearest health center reduces the odds of the woman receiving at least one antenatal care by 0.034, delivering in facility by 0.020, and delivering her baby with assistance of skilled birth attendants by 0.028. Nonetheless, these effects were mainly seen in the northern part of Benin.Conclusions: Geographical accessibility to health facilities is critically important for the improvement of appropriate maternal healthcare, particularly in the northern part of Benin. Investment in transport infrastructure should be prioritized for further improvements in the MCH.
Security of an RFID Based Authentication Protocol with Bitwise Operations for Supply Chain
Authors: Akram Muhammad Arslan , Mian Adnan Noor 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Due to the stringent computational capabilities of low-cost RFID tags, several lightweight secure authentication protocols have been proposed for an RFID-based supply chain using bitwise operations. In this paper, we study the vulnerabilities associated with bitwise operations by doing cryptanalysis of a secure lightweight authentication protocol for RFID tags. The bitwise operations like rotation and XOR show that the protocol is vulnerable to tag, reader, and supply chain node impersonation attacks. We find that the major cause of the vulnerability is bitwise operations and suggest using the physically unclonable functions rather than bitwise operations to secure such lightweight protocols.
Pentahydroxy flavonoid isolated from Madhuca indica ameliorated adjuvant-induced arthritis: Possible role of TNF-α, IL’s, NF-kβ, Ikβα, COX-2, P2X7
Authors: Tang Yongliang , Xie Daotao , Gong Wenqing , Wu Hongtao , Qiang Yi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder associated with progressive joint disability. Madhuca indica J. F. Gmel (family Sapotaceae) is an Indian medicinal plant reported to have an array of pharmacological properties.Objective To evaluate the anti-arthritic activity of isolated phytoconstituent from methanolic extract of Madhuca indica Leaves (MI-ALC) and its possible mechanism of action in FCA induced experimental arthritis.Materials and methods Polyarthritis was induced in female Wistar rats by intradermal administration of FCA (0.1 ml) into the tail. Polyarthritis was allowed to develop for the next 32 days. Then rats were treated with isolated phytoconstituent from MI-ALC (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg, p.o.)Results HPTLC, FTIR, and LC-MS spectral analysis of phytoconstituent isolated from MI-ALC confirmed the structure as 3,5,7,3′,4′- Pentahydroxy flavone (i.e., QTN). Treatment with QTN (10 and 20 mg/kg) showed significant inhibition (p < 0.05) in FCA-induced increased paw volume, joint diameter, paw withdrawal threshold, and latency. The elevated synovial oxido-nitrosative stress and protein levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were significantly reduced (p < 0.05)by QTN. Western blot analysis revealed QNT significantly ameliorated (p < 0.05) up-regulated NF-kβ, Ikβα, COX-2, and P2X7 protein expressions.Conclusion QTN ameliorates FCA-induced hyperalgesia via inhibition of elevated oxido-nitrosative stress, inflammatory mediators (NF-kβ, Ikβα, COX-2, and P2X7), and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in experimental rats.
Taxonomical and functional changes in COVID-19 faecal microbiome are related to SARS-CoV-2 faecal load
Authors: Armengaud Jean , Grenga Lucia , Pible Olivier , Miotello Guylaine , Culotta Karen , Ruat Sylvie , Roncato Marie-Anne , Gas Fabienne , Bellanger Laurent , Claret Pierre-Géraud , Dunyach-Remy Catherine , Laureillard Didier , Sotto Albert , Lavigne Jean-Philippe 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Since the beginning of the pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) the gastro-intestinal (GI) tract has emerged as an important organ influencing the propensity to and potentially severity of the related COVID-19 disease. However, the contribution of the SARS-CoV-2 intestinal infection on COVID-19 pathogenesis remains to be clarified. In this exploratory study, we evidenced that alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota depends on the levels of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the gastrointestinal tract but not on the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the respiratory tract, COVID-19 severity and GI symptoms. Altered molecular functions in the microbiota profiles of high SARS-CoV-2 RNA level faeces as established by metaproteomics highlight mechanisms that may contribute to vicious cycles. Uncovering the role of this gut microbiota dysbiosis could drive the investigation of alternative therapeutic strategies to favour the clearance of the virus and potentially mitigate the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Identification And Quantification Of Hydrocarbons Produced From The Acid-Pretreated Kitchen Waste By Using Fungal And Bacterial Strains
Authors: Zahara Nayab , Jalees Muhammad Irfan , Farooq Muhammad Umar , Iqbal Arfa , Malik Sadaan Umais 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study was conducted to identify and quantify hydrocarbons produced during bio-fuel production using kitchen waste (KW). KW is a complex mixture of hardly digestible compounds, mainly lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose, and easily digestible compounds, mostly starchy materials. Therefore, KW has a high potential for the production of biofuel after the chemical hydrolysis of lignocellulose, starch and carbohydrates. In this study, after the physically pretreatment (dried and crushed) of KW, dilute-acid hydrolysis was used for the hydrolysis of lignocellulose and starchy materials, eliminating the enzymes requirement. The dilute acid hydrolysis was conducted with 1, 3 and 5% (w/w) sulfuric acid at 90 and 120°C for 30, 60, 90 and 120 min. The hydrolysis with 5% acid at 120°C for 120 min resulted in the hydrolysate with the highest reducing sugar concentration of 97.917 ± 0.5 g/kg and Energy of 1.567 ± 0.008 MJ/kg. The reducing sugars were used as substrate in fermentation by fungal strain Aspergillus niger, bacterial strains Lacto-bacillus and Escherichia coli, to produce hydrocarbons. The fermented product was quantified after every day till the fermentation time is over i.e. no more products were formed. Biofuel production from Aspergillus niger, Escherichia coli and Lacto-bacillus was 64%, 45% and 50% after 72 hr. Fermented product contains mainly hydrocarbons as identified by GC-MS analysis. Calorific value of sample and biofuel determined on Differential Scanning Calorimetry were 0.6MJ kg− 1 for sample before fermentation and 3.56 MJ kg− 1, 3.33 MJ kg− 1 and 2.67 MJ kg− 1 for KW fermented by Aspergillus niger, Escherichia coli and Lacto-bacillus, respectively. Hence, maximum of 64% reducing sugars were converted into hydrocarbons (biofuel) after fermentation by Aspergillus niger.
Optimal Energy-Delay Scheduling using Improved Beetle Antennae Search (BAS) for Energy-Harvesting WSNs
Authors: Ku Battina Srinuvasu , Santhi S.G. , Narayana S. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Optimal energy delay scheduling for capacity allocation issues on interference chan- nel energy harvesting wireless sensor networks (EH-WSN) addresses for static data streams and energy topography. To create the optimizations issue of unique and multi-time interval corre- spondingly. The goal is for reducing overall regression of the network. Though, the optimization issue is not convex, creating it hard to get an optimal solution. The main objective of this manuscript is directly addressing the original non-convex formulation using the enhanced Beetle Antennae Search (BAS) algorithm that efficiently finds the optimal solution. This algorithm is also better for another complex optimization issues on wireless network design. The simulations under delay, delratio, drop, energy, network lifetime, overhead and throughput are carried; the expected outcome displays that improved BAS algorithm executes considerably better than the convex approximation technique. This idea is useful for other complex optimization issues on wireless network design.
Conditioned Medium of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Decreases Liver Fibrosis Caused by Acetaminophen by Suppressing the Systemic Inflammatory Response.
Authors: Temnov Andrey , Sklifas Alla , Zhalimov Vitaly , Sharapov Mars , Кodunov Alexey , Rogov Konstantin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study explored the effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) conditioned medium (CM) on the severity of systemic inflammatory response caused by acetaminophen administration. The long-term effects of the toxin on the liver tissue were analysed. The effect of a fraction of the conditioned medium on the functional activity of isolated neutrophils was investigated using a model of sterile inflammation. The study showed that the >30 kDa CM fraction possesses the maximum protective effect. Proteins of this fraction reduce the severity of the systemic inflammatory reaction and the extent of liver tissue fibrosis after the toxin injection in the long term. By using the sterile inflammation model, CM was shown to reduce the complex activity of NADPH oxidase, which leads to a decrease in the total reactive oxygen species production. The CM derived from the cultivation of stem cells reduces the severity of the systemic inflammatory response through suppression of the functional activity of neutrophils.
Using blockchain technology in IoT manufacture environment for intelligence prediction
Authors: Liu HongLing , Chen Yuqiang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Blockchain technology has become more important in recent years in Internet of Things (IoT) manufacturing. Many IoT manufacturing factories have successively invested in the blockchain architecture in the system to manage the data of the IoT manufacturing system for intelligence prediction. The blockchain-based system architecture can ensure the process of data transmission and preservation. However, the use of storage space in industrial IoT systems using blockchain architecture will become a major challenge. Since the blockchain itself is based on the concept of a peer-to-peer network, any node must hold complete blockchain information. When there are thousands of nodes, the cost of hard disk space for storing these data will increase drastically as the number of nodes increases. In addition, newly added working nodes must also copy the original complete blockchain information, and will increase in expansion costs. In order to solve the above problems, this paper proposed a blockchain structure to reduce the space and network transmission costs. The architecture divides the traditional blockchain into two parts, which are divided into private blockchain and public blockchain according to the edge and the cloud. Each workshop will manage its own private blockchain, and the cloud will manage itself public blockchain. Under the proposed structure, each working node only needs to maintain the blockchain at its edge node, and does not need to communicate with other edge node. The experimental results, it can effectively intelligence predict the space cost of node expansion, and it can also avoid the unnecessary network communication overhead caused by the traditional architecture. It can improve the space used of blockchain and reduce the network transfer time.
Ranibizumab or Aflibercept for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration, Twelve-Month Outcomes of Therapeutic Program in Non-Tertiary Institution: A Comparative Study.
Authors: Skrzypczak Tomasz , Jany Aleksandra , Bugajska-Abramek Ewa , Bogusławska Joanna , Kowal-Lange Agnieszka 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose: This single center study aimed to compare the 12-month treatment outcomes of ranibizumab with that of aflibercept in routine clinical practice.Methods: Cohort of patients diagnosed with treatment-naïve neovascular AMD, treated using either ranibizumab (n = 33 eyes) or aflibercept (n = 44 eyes) monotherapy over a 12-month follow-up period was analyzed. Anonymous data were extracted from the electronic database dedicated to the drug program.Results: In the ranibizumab group, there were not statistically significant changes in BCVA (ETRDS letters) and CRT (µm), between baseline (67.9 ± 8.6 & 384.9 ± 97.9) and at 12 months (67.9 ± 12.1 & 398.9 ± 127.1; P = 0.372 & P = 0.884, respectively). In the aflibercept, there was an improvement in BCVA and reduction in CRT between baseline (64.2 ± 8.1 & 414.3 ± 97.8) and at 12 months (70.7 ± 7.4 & 342.3 ± 71.6; P <.001 & P <.001, respectively). There was no difference in BCVA between the two groups at either diagnosis (P= 0.101) or 12 months (P= 0.917). Mean number of injections in the ranibizumab group was significantly lower (4.9 ± 1.5) than in the aflibercept group (6.7 ± 1; P<.001).Conclusions: One initial injection of ranibizumab and then PRN regimen resulted in stabilization of disease progression. Drug selection and treatment scheme could influence twelve-months outcomes. In the aflibercept group, three initial monthly injections and then every two months provided both significant BCVA improvement and CRT reduction at 12 months of treatment.