bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of second harmonic and second‐order intermodulation on third‐order passive intermodulation
Authors: Jin Qiuyan , Feng Quanyuan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThird‐order intermodulation (IM3) is considered as a typical metric to evaluate passive intermodulation (PIM) in electrical connectors, which may be affected by the second‐order effect in the circuit with cascaded non‐linearities. In this study, the effects of second harmonics and second‐order intermodulation on the IM3 powers were theoretically modelled and experimentally verified. Combined with mathematical modelling, an equivalent circuit model of a passive non‐linear source was presented to investigate the effect of second‐order signals on the IM3 powers. A modified non‐linear transfer function was developed by considering multiple non‐linear superpositions in cascaded non‐linearities. Based on the designed two‐tone test, a mathematical expression was provided with the determination of correlation model coefficients. Numerical simulations were performed by using the proposed model, demonstrating the effect of signals induced by the second‐order non‐linearity on the IM3 powers in series passive components. The IM3 powers resulting from cascaded connectors associated with different signal frequencies were predicted. Coaxial connector samples were designed as cascaded PIM sources in circuits, which were experimentally measured in a GSM 900 MHz frequency band. Good agreement was obtained between the predictions and measurements with error of 0.76 dB in average.
Design of a liquid crystal beam‐steerable antenna with characteristic mode analysis
Authors: Shu Jun , Zhang Yueping 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA novel liquid crystal beam‐steerable antenna is presented. It is a conventional liquid crystal microstrip patch antenna with a bending slot in the middle of the H‐plane. Owing to the introduction of the bending slot, this antenna can work at even mode and odd mode within a frequency band. To obtain the resonant frequencies and radiation characteristics of the two modes, the method of characteristic mode analysis is utilised. It indicates that the resonant frequency of even mode is lower than that of odd mode. Therefore, by choosing liquid crystal as its substrate, this antenna can alter its operating modes by varying the permittivity of liquid crystal. Furthermore, beam steering can be realised since the radiation patterns of the two modes are divergent. An antenna prototype at Ka‐band has been designed, fabricated and measured. The measured results show that the maximum radiation direction can scan from −30° to −2° continuously at 26.5 GHz in the H‐plane.
Stability enhancement strategies for a 100% grid‐forming and grid‐following converter‐based Irish power system
Authors: Zhao Xianxian , Flynn Damian 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWith increasing shares of wind and/or solar power in many power systems, the possibility of a 100% power converter‐based system becomes more likely. Consequently, the dynamic response of the Irish transmission systems with 100% (grid‐following and grid‐forming) power converters under 3‐phase faults is investigated for 100% converter urban and remote scenarios. Time‐domain simulations show that when active or reactive current prioritisation current saturation controls are applied, grid‐forming converters can introduce large, high‐frequency LC resonance oscillations, but a scaling‐down current saturation approach can help to mitigate such problems as it generates smoother current references. Virtual impedance current limits are most effective at reducing oscillations, but the initial fault current can be transiently high. Furthermore, freezing the virtual angular speed for a grid‐forming converter under either current saturation or virtual impedance current limitation approaches can enhance transient stability during faults. Finally, with modified controls applied to the grid‐following converters, the grid‐forming requirement can be reduced from approximately 40% to less than 30%, with the Remote Irish grid remaining robust against bolted 3‐phase faults, and oscillations quickly damped out during and post fault.
Cultures 3D de cerveau
Authors: Froment Eliès , Erraiss Sarah 
Published: December 2021

Le dossier que nous présentons a été rédigé par les étudiantes et étudiants de Master 1 de Biologie de l’École normale supérieure de Lyon à l’issue de l’UE Microbiologie moléculaire et structurale (2020-2021).
Le Master de biologie de l’ENS de Lyon accueille chaque année environ 40 étudiants en M1 et en M2 et propose une formation de haut niveau à la recherche en biosciences. Chaque étudiant y construit son parcours à la carte, en choisissant ses options parmi un large panel de modules, favorisant ainsi une approche pluridisciplinaire des sciences du vivant, et cela en relation étroite avec les laboratoires de recherche du tissu local, national et international.
En participant à diverses activités scientifiques liées aux UE de leur formation, les étudiants préparent également l’obtention du Diplôme de l’ENS de Lyon, qui valide leur scolarité à l’ENS. La rédaction du présent dossier, qui vise à transmettre de façon claire les messages issus d’une sélection d’articles scientifiques publiés récemment dans le domaine de la microbiologie, constitue l’une de ces activités connexes proposées aux étudiants.
Spinal Nerve Roots Abnormalities on MRI in a Child with SURF1 Mitochondrial Disease
Authors: Rubino Alfonso , Bruno Giorgia , Mazio Federica , de Leva Maria Fulvia , Ruggiero Lucia , Santorelli Filippo Maria , Varone Antonio 
Published: December 2021

AbstractVariants in SURF1, encoding an assembly factor of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV, cause Leigh syndrome (LS) and Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 4K in children and young adolescents. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance of enlarged nerve roots with postcontrastographic enhancement is a distinctive feature of hypertrophic neuropathy caused by onion-bulb formation and it has rarely been described in mitochondrial diseases (MDs). Spinal nerve roots abnormalities on MRI are novel findings in LS associated with variants in SURF1. Here we report detailed neuroradiological and neurophysiologic findings in a child with LS and demyelinating neuropathy SURF1-related. Our case underlines the potential contributive role of spinal neuroimaging together with neurophysiological examination to identify the full spectrum of patterns in MDs. It remains to elucidate if these observations remain peculiar of SURF1 variants or potentially detectable in other MDs with peripheral nervous system involvement.
Flexible plasma multi-jet source operated in radial discharge configuration
Authors: Corbella Carles , Portal Sabine 
Published: December 2021

Following up on a recent study describing a flexible plasma source operated in planar geometry, the performance of a cold atmospheric plasma jet (CAPJ) matrix emanating radially from a soft cylindrical surface in the open air is presented. The plasma device, which has a set of small outlets produced in its side surface, has a length of 12 cm and an outer diameter of 5.4 cm. The dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) sustaining the plasma jets is generated in helium flowing between two coaxial electrodes, which are separated by both an insulating tape and a cylindrical wall made of polymer foam. Two operation modes are considered: four equidistant CAPJs at the same axial position (round brush mode) and three aligned CAPJs at constant azimuthal angle (comb mode). All discharges, excited by 15 kHz-AC voltages at 3.8 kV in amplitude, have resulted in uniform lengths and intensities of the jets. Consumed discharge powers of between 0.1 and 1.5 W have been estimated from current–voltage measurements. Optical emission spectroscopy has shown the preponderance of hydroxyl groups, nitrogen molecules, and helium atoms in the active DBD region and the jet afterglow zone. This new design of CAPJ anticipates promising applications for treating the inner surface of hollow and delicate components for activation or healing purposes.
Sensory computations in the cuneate nucleus of macaques
Authors: Suresh Aneesha K. , Greenspon Charles M. , He Qinpu , Rosenow Joshua M. , Miller Lee E. , Bensmaia Sliman J. 
Published: December 2021

Significance
Perception is the outcome of the sequential processing of sensory signals at multiple stages along the neuraxis. The conventional view is that tactile signals are processed predominantly in the cerebral cortex. We tested this view by investigating the response properties of neurons in the cuneate nucleus (CN), the first potential stage of processing along the primary touch neuraxis. We found that CN responses more closely resemble those of cortical neurons than they do those of nerve fibers: CN neurons have spatially complex receptive fields reflecting convergent input from multiple classes of nerve fibers and exhibit a selectivity for object features, absent in the nerve. We conclude that the CN plays a key, early role in the processing of tactile information.
Modification of the Patient Competency Rating Scale to Measure Anosodiaphoria after Severe Acquired Brain Injury: Preliminary Findings
Authors: Bivona U , Costa A , Ciurli P , Donvito T , Lombardi G , Misici I , Moretti G , Caltagirone C , Formisano R , Prigatano G P 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Objective
Impaired self-awareness (ISA) of altered functional capacities is a common sequelae of severe acquired brain injury that can severely hamper neuro-rehabilitation in this clinical population. ISA is frequently associated with anosodiaphoria and/or apathy. Although several scales are available to measure apathy, no tools have been published to specifically assess anosodiaphoria after acquired brain injury. In this paper, we reported an initial effort to develop an anosodiaphoria subscale in a commonly used measure of ISA, that is, the Patient Competency Rating scale-neurorehabilitation form (PCRS-NR).

Method
A sample of 46 participants with severe acquired brain injury completed a functional, ISA, apathy, and anosodiaphoria assessment. One informal caregiver of each patient participated in the study. Thus, we were able to obtain external data on his/her level of functional competencies, and self-awareness, which allowed separating patients with low self-awareness (LSA) from those with high self-awareness (HSA). Finally, the patients were compared with 44 healthy age–gender–years of formal education matched control participants (HCs).

Results
Compared to both patients with HSA and HCs, patients with LSA demonstrated greater anosodiapvhoria and lower levels of functioning than both HSA patients and HCs. A stronger relationship emerged between ISA and anosodiaphoria rather than with apathy.

Conclusions
These initial findings provide support that PCRS scale can be adapted to measure anosodiaphoria as well as ISA. The findings reveal a stronger correlation between this measure of anosodiaphoria and ISA compared with the correlation of apathy to ISA. The present method for measuring anosodiaphoria takes into account the actual levels of patients’ functioning.
Dress to Impress: Public Perception of Plastic Surgeon Attire
Authors: Dayani Fara , Thawanyarat Kometh , Mirmanesh Michael , Spargo Tavish , Saia Whitney , Nazerali Rahim 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Physician attire has been shown to impact patients’ perceptions of their provider with regards to professionalism, competency, and trustworthiness in various surgical subspecialties, except in plastic and reconstructive surgery.

Objectives
The authors sought to address this knowledge gap and obtain objective information regarding patients’ preferences.

Methods
A survey was distributed to adult, English-speaking participants in the United States using the Amazon MTurk platform from February 2020 to December 2020. Participants were asked to evaluate with a 5-point Likert scale 6 attires (scrubs, scrubs with white coat, formal attire, formal attire with white coat, casual, casual with white coat) in terms of professionalism, competency, and trustworthiness for male and female plastic surgeons during their first encounter in clinic.

Results
A total of 316 responses were obtained from 43.4% men and 56.6% women. The mean age of participants was 53.2 years. The highest scores across all metrics of professionalism, competency, trustworthiness, willingness to share information, confidence in the provider, and confidence in surgical outcomes were given to the formal attire with white coat group, with average scores of 4.85, 4.71, 4.69, 4.73, 4.79, and 4.72, respectively. The lowest scores across all metrics belonged to the casual attire group with scores of 3.36, 3.29, 3.31, 3.39, 3.29, and 3.20, respectively. Patients preferred formal attire for young plastic surgeons (P = 0.039).

Conclusions
This study suggests that physician attire impacts patients’ perception of plastic surgeons regarding their professionalism, competency, and trustworthiness. White coats continue to remain a powerful entity in clinical settings given that attires with white coats were consistently ranked higher.
P005 POSTERIOR COMPONENT SEPARATION WITH TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS RELEASE FOR COMPLEX VENTRAL HERNIA REPAIR: A CASE SERIES
Authors: Bertoglio Camillo Leonardo , Maspero Marianna , Alampi Bruno , Morini Lorenzo , Magistro Carmelo , Grimaldi Simona , Quagli Oscar , Mastroianni Sara , Ferrari Giovanni 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Aim
To assess the short- and long-term outcomes of posterior component separation with transversus abdominis release (PCS-TAR) at our Centre.

Material and methods
From 2016, our abdominal wall unit started with PCS-TAR for the treatment of patients with complex abdominal wall hernias. We report our prospectively collected preliminary results.

Results
Sixty-six patients underwent PCS-TAR. Twenty patients had already received at least one previous hernia repair, 16 with mesh implantation. The median width of the defect was 12 cm (range 3 - 35), the median length 15 (range 4 - 40). Defects were multiple in 13 cases, swiss cheese in 2 cases. Eleven defects had both a midline and a lateral component, 3 had a concomitant parastomal hernia. Thirty-eight cases were located near the abdominal wall borders. The median duration of surgery was 255 minutes (range 84 - 740). TAR was partial in 24 cases and monolateral in 24. Twelve cases involved previous mesh removal. Fifty patients received implantation of more than one mesh: the most common combination was a PVDF mesh on top of a biosynthetic mesh. The mesh seldom needed to be fixed. The median length of stay was 6 days (range 3 - 61). Postoperative complications occurred in 22 patients (3 were major). Surgical site occurrences happened in 7 cases. After at least 12 months of follow up per patient, there was 1 recurrence, 1 case of chronic pain and no chronic seromas.

Conclusions
Posterior component separation with transversus abdominis release offers a versatile solution for a variety of complex ventral hernias, with good short- and long-term results.
P017 COMPLEX ABDOMINAL WALL RECONSTRUCTION IN ELDERLY PATIENTS
Authors: Munoz-Rodriguez Joaquin , Monclús Javier López , Miguel Carlos San , Hernando Luis Blázquez , Lersundi Alvaro Robin Valle de , Perez-Flecha Marina , Iglesias Eva , Sánchez Miguel Suarez , Rodrígo Pilar Martín , Cidoncha Lucia Gil , Ureña Miguel Ángel García 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Aim
Our study aims to analyze and evaluate the results obtained in patients older than 80 years old who underwent complex abdominal wall reconstruction (CAWR) in a multicenter abdominal wall unit using different surgical approaches.

Material and Methods
Patients were identified from a prospective maintained multicenter database. Demographic characteristics, incisional hernias’ (IH) characteristics, as well as postoperative outcomes, including short and long-term complications have been analyzed.

Results
21 patients were identified. The mean age was 82.5 (+/- 2.4) years old . There were 10 (47.6%) midline IH, 5 (23.8%) lateral IH, 4 (19%) synchronous midline and lateral IHs, and 2 (9.6%) parastomal hernias (PH). 9 (42.8%) Madrid TAR modification technique, 5 (23.8%) Rives-Stoppa, 3 (14.3%) lateral preperitoneal approaches, 1 (4.8%) midline preperitoneal approach and 1 (4.8%) anterior component separation were performed. In patients with PH, a modification of the Pauli technique (4.8%), and a unilateral TAR with a keyhole repair associated (4.8%) were performed.
There were 7 (33,3) surgical site occurrences (SSO), 1 (4.8%) seroma, 3 (14.3%) hematomas and 3 (14.3%) surgical site infections. Only 3 (14.3%) SSO required procedural intervention. During a mean follow-up of 20.6 (+/- 15.9) months, 1 (4.8%) hernia recurrence was diagnosed. No cases of postoperative bulging were recorded. There were also no cases of chronic pain in the sample.
During follow-up, 3 patients died from surgery unrelated causes.

Conclusions
CAWR in the elderly patient, after an adequate preoperatively selection of patients, presented acceptable short- and long-term results, despite the advanced population age.
P019 OUTCOMES OF OPEN LATERAL APPROACHES FOR L3-L4 INCISIONAL HERNIAS
Authors: Munoz-Rodriguez Joaquin , Monclús Javier López , Miguel Carlos San , Lersundi Alvaro Robin Valle de , Hernando Luis Blázquez , Equisoain Aritz , Polaino Veronica , Perez-Flecha Marina , Rial-Justo Xiana , Remirez Xabier , Ureña Miguel Ángel García 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Aim
Our study aimed to compare and evaluate results of two different open lateral approaches for L3–L4 incisional hernias (IH) operated in a multicentric complex abdominal wall unit.

Material and Methods
Patients who underwent surgery for L3–L4 IH were identified from a prospective maintained multicenter database. The lateral IH were approached laterally, performing a reverse transversus abdominis release (TAR) or a lateral retromuscular preperitoneal approach (LRP).
Outcomes included short and long-term complications, such as recurrence, bulging and pain.

Results
61 patients were identified. There were 28 (45.9%) cases of L3 IH and 33 (54.1%) cases of L4 IH. 28 (34.7%) LRP approaches and 33 (24.5%) reverse TAR techniques were performed.
There were surgical site occurrences (SSO) in 13 (21.3%) patients, 7 (11.5%) in the reverse TAR group and 6 in the LRP group. 8 (13.1%) SSO required procedural intervention (4 in each group). During a mean follow-up of 26.57 (+/- 19.23) months, no cases of recurrence were diagnosed. There were 12 (19.7%) cases of asymptomatic bulging that did not required reintervention (7 in the LRP group), and only one case of symptomatic bulging that needed intervention (in the LRP group). Furthermore, two patients (3.3%) required daily no opioids treatment for pain. Two (3.3%) cases of mortality were registered (both in the LRP group).

Conclusions
Despite the high complexity associated of L3-L4 IH, both lateral approaches showed acceptable long-term results, without any statistical difference between groups.
P058 INCISIONAL HERNIA REPAIR IN PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE
Authors: Lovén Hans , Erichsen Rune , Tøttrup Anders , Bisgaard Thue 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Aim
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are likely to undergo several abdominal operations and may thus be at increased risk for incisional hernia repair (IHR). The aim of the present study was to investigate risk and predictors of IHR in patients undergoing surgery for ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn’s disease (CD).

Material and Methods
Nationwide register-based study (1996-2018). Patients were followed from date of first abdominal operation until the date of the first IHR. Cumulative incidence proportion were estimated treating death as competing risk. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to explore pre-study defined predictors of IHR.

Results
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are likely to undergo several abdominal operations and may thus be at increased risk for incisional hernia repair (IHR). The present study analyzed the risk and predictors of IHR in patients undergoing surgery for ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn’s disease (CD).

Conclusions
The risk for incisional hernia repair is relatively low after IBD-surgery, although increased in UC compared with CD patients. Hernia repair predictors varied between UC and CD patients.
P059 QUALITY OF LIFE IN COMPLEX ABDOMINAL WALL HERNIA PATIENTS
Authors: Smith Olivia , Chintapatla Srinivas , Chitsabesan Praminthra 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Aim
determine themes reported as important to Quality of Life (QoL) in Complex Abdominal Wall Hernia (CAWH) patients

Material and Methods
15 purposively sampled CAWH patients were interviewed using topic guides (8 men and 7 women aged between 36 to 85 years [median = 65 years] covering all VHWG grades). All verbatim transcripts were coded and analysed using NVIVO12 software and Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) until thematic saturation.

Results
3 overarching groupings and 5 superordinate themes were identified. Each superordinate theme is associated with several subordinate themes:

Conclusions
This is the first phenomenological qualitative study in CAWH patients. The themes presented are interrelated and should shape our understanding of QoL in CAWH. Current QoL tools do not incorporate all aspects identified by this study. Further research is needed in order to generate a standardised CAWH QoL instrument which incorporates bio-psycho-emotional-social processes important to patients as identified by patients.
P070 THE IMPACT OF THE COVID 19 PANDEMY ON HERNIA SURGERY IN UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL IN CZECH REPUBLIC
Authors: Jíšová Barbora , Woleský Jakub , East Barbora 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Aim
The SARS- CoV-2 pandemic has greatly affected health care systems worldwide, including the Czech Republic. However, the degree to which Covid-19 has impacted on hernia surgery is unknown. The aim of this study was to review the hernia surgery workload in a large university teaching hospital department.

Material and Methods
A computer based medical record system was used to identify all patients undergoing elective and emergency hernia repair of all types from March 1 to November 30, 2020 and for a similar time period in 2019 at the Motol University Hospital, Prague.

Results
194 elective hernia operations were undertaken over the study period in 2020, a reduction from the 285 over a similar period in 2019. The number of emergency hernia operations in 2020 was 13 compared to 25 in 2019.

Conclusions
The SARS –CoV- 2 pandemic has reduced both the number of elective and emergency hernia operations in 2020 compared to 2019. Time will tell if the reduced elective workload will subsequently increase the emergency hernia workload during the recovery from the pandemic.