bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence Syndrome Following Head Trauma: A Multi‐institutional Review
Authors: McCrary Hilary C. , Babajanian Eric , Patel Neil , Yang Sara , Kircher Matthew , Carlson Matthew L. , Gurgel Richard K. 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveTo evaluate patients who become symptomatic from superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD) following head trauma.Study DesignCase series assessing patients presenting with SSCD after a trauma.MethodsA case series was completed assessing patients presenting with SSCD after trauma. Data from three academic medical centers were evaluated, including the following: imaging, videonystagmography (VNG)/vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) testing, audiometric assessment, and surgical repair. Outcome measures included the following: 1) Description of audio‐vestibular symptoms, 2) mean pre‐ and post‐operative pure tone average (PTA), word recognition score (WRS), and air bone gap (ABG).ResultsA total of 14 patients were included; 86% were male. Approximately 43% were found to have bilateral SSCD on imaging, with 57% of patients pursuing surgical management. The most common presenting symptoms included pulsatile tinnitus (93%), autophony (79%), and hearing loss (64%). Approximately 36% of patients underwent VNG/VEMP testing, with 83.3% of those demonstrating abnormal results. The mean audiometric findings on the symptomatic side included an air‐conduction PTA of 38.0 dB, bone‐conduction PTA of 24.3 dB, WRS of 81%, and ABG of 17.9 dB. Among patients who underwent surgery (57%), there was no significant change in the air‐conduction PTA, bone‐conduction PTA, or WRS (P > .05). However, there was an improvement in the ABG (preoperative = 22.8 dB versus postoperative = 9.7 dB; P = .005).ConclusionHead trauma may be a potentiating event for SSCD syndrome. This study advances the hypothesis that these patients likely have underlying radiographic SSCD prior to their trauma, and a traumatic event increases in intra‐vestibular or intracranial pressures, unmasking SSCD syndrome.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:E2810–E2818, 2021
Economic Burden Associated With Management of Paradoxical Vocal Fold Motion Disorder
Authors: Lunga Tadeas , Thibeault Susan L. , Francis David O. 
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesParadoxical vocal fold movement (PVFM) is often misdiagnosed as asthma and tends to have a prolonged time to diagnosis. Study aims were to estimate the time from dyspnea onset to PVFM diagnosis, to estimate associated pre‐ and postdiagnosis direct and indirect healthcare cost, and to compare the cost of postdiagnosis care among patients who did and did not undergo standard‐of‐care speech therapy.MethodsPatients diagnosed with PVFM were identified retrospectively. Time from dyspnea symptom onset to diagnosis was measured. Direct costs consisting of office visits, procedures, and prescribed pharmaceuticals before and after diagnosis were calculated. Indirect costs associated with lost wages related to healthcare were also estimated. Costs for patients who initiated versus did not initiate speech therapy and who had successful versus unsuccessful therapy were compared.ResultsAmong 110 patients, median time from dyspnea onset to PVFM diagnosis was 33 months (interquartile range [IQR] 5–60). Direct and indirect prediagnosis median costs were $8,625 (IQR $1,687–$35,812) and $736 (IQR $421–$1,579) while first year following dyspnea symptom onset median direct and indirect costs were $1,706 (IQR $427–$7,118) and $315 (IQR $131–$631). Median direct and indirect costs of care in the postdiagnosis year were $2,062 (IQR $760–$11,496) and $841 (IQR $631–$1,261). Pharmaceuticals were predominant cost drivers in all time periods. Of those who completed speech therapy, 85% had breathing symptom improvement while incurring significant cost savings compared to those whose symptoms persisted.ConclusionCosts of care leading to diagnosis of PVFM are substantial. More efficient methods of identifying patients with PVFM are essential to reduce prolonged time to diagnosis and associated costs.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 132:142–147, 2022
Initial Referring Physician and Radiologist Experience with Neck Imaging Reporting and Data System
Authors: Bunch Paul M. , Meegalla Nuwan T. , Abualruz Abdul‐Rahman , Frizzell Bart A. , Patwa Hafiz S. , Porosnicu Mercedes , Williams Daniel W. , Aiken Ashley H. , Hughes Ryan T. 
Published: July 2021

Objectives/HypothesisNeck Imaging Reporting and Data System (NI‐RADS) is a radiology reporting system developed for head and neck cancer surveillance imaging, using standardized terminology, numeric levels of suspicion, and linked management recommendations. Through a multidisciplinary, interdepartmental quality improvement initiative, we implemented NI‐RADS for the reporting of head and neck cancer surveillance CT. Our objective is to summarize our initial experience from the standpoints of head and neck cancer providers and radiologists.Study DesignQuality improvement study.MethodsBefore and 3 months post‐implementation, surveys were offered to referring physicians (n = 21 pre‐adoption; 22 post‐adoption) and radiologists (n = 17 pre‐ and post‐adoption). NI‐RADS utilization was assessed over time.ResultsSurvey response rates were 62% (13/21) and 73% (16/22) for referring physicians pre‐ and post‐adoption, respectively, and 94% (16/17) for radiologists pre‐ and post‐adoption. Among post‐adoption provider respondents, 100% (16/16) strongly agreed or agreed with “I want our radiologists to continue using NI‐RADS,” “The NI‐RADS numerical rating of radiologic suspicion is helpful,” and “The language and style of NI‐RADS neck CT reports are clear and understandable.” Among radiologist respondents, 88% (14/16) strongly agreed or agreed with “NI‐RADS improves consistency among our radiologists in the reporting of surveillance neck CTs.” Radiologist NI‐RADS utilization increased over time (46% month 1; 72% month 3).ConclusionsMost referring physicians and radiologists preferred NI‐RADS. Head and neck cancer providers indicated that NI‐RADS reports are clear, understandable, direct, and helpful in guiding clinical management. Radiologists indicated that NI‐RADS improves radiologist consistency in the reporting of surveillance neck CT, and radiologists increasingly used NI‐RADS over time.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 132:349–355, 2022
Prognostic factors after transoral resection of early hypopharyngeal cancer
Authors: Iritani Keisuke , del Mundo Daryl Anne A. , Iwaki Shinobu , Masuda Kuriko , Kanzawa Maki , Furukawa Tatsuya , Teshima Masanori , Shinomiya Hirotaka , Morimoto Koichi , Otsuki Naoki , Nibu Ken‐ichi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate risk factors predictive of local recurrence and/or lymph node metastasis after transoral resection of early hypopharyngeal cancer.MethodsForty‐nine consecutive patients who underwent transoral videolaryngoscopic surgery (TOVS) as an initial treatment for hypopharyngeal cancer were evaluated. On univariate and multivariate analysis, local recurrence rates were assessed respectively using log‐rank test and cox regression analysis according to the following parameters: subsite, pT, mucosal margin, lymphatic invasion, vessel invasion, tumor thickness (> 4 mm vs ≤4 mm), history of esophageal cancer, and multiple Lugol‐voiding lesions (LVLs) in the esophagus. Categorical variables were evaluated for their associations with lymph node metastasis using chi‐squared test or Fisher's exact test.ResultThe subsites of primary lesions were piriform sinus in 24 patients, posterior wall in 15 patients, and postcricoid in 10 patients. Thirty patients had esophageal cancer. Local recurrence occurred in 14 patients. Three patients had lymph node metastasis at the time of diagnosis and four patients developed lymph node metastasis after the initial treatment, resulting a total of seven patients having lymph node metastasis. While mucosal margin and LVLs showed significant associations with local recurrence on univariate analysis, only LVLs remained as a significant risk factor on multivariate analysis (P = .0395; hazard ratio = 8.897; 95% confidence interval, 1.113‐71.15). Most cases of local recurrence were satisfactorily controlled by repeated TOVS. While multivariate analysis could not be performed due to the small number of the patients with lymph node metastases, venous invasion (P = .0166) and tumor thickness (P = .0092) were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis on univariate analysis.ConclusionsLocal recurrence was more frequent in patients with LVLs, but most of them were salvaged by repeated TOVS. Patients with venous invasion and/or tumor thickness greater than 4 mm should be followed up with special attention to lymph node metastasis.Level of Evidence: 3.
Characterization of outcomes and practices utilized in the management of internal carotid artery injury not requiring definitive endovascular management
Authors: London Nyall R. , AlQahtani Abdulaziz , Barbosa Siani , Castelnuovo Paolo , Locatelli Davide , Stamm Aldo , Cohen‐Gadol Aaron A. , Elbosraty Hussam , Casiano Roy , Morcos Jacques , Pasquini Ernesto , Frank Georgio , Mazzatenta Diego , Barkhoudarian Garni , Griffiths Chester , Kelly Daniel , Georgalas Christos , Janakiram Trichy N. , Nicolai Piero , Prevedello Daniel M. , Carrau Ricardo L. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundAfter internal carotid artery (ICA) injury during endoscopic skull base surgery, the majority of patients undergo ICA embolization or stenting to treat active extravasation or pseudoaneurysm development. However, management practices when embolization or stenting is not required have not been well described. The objective of this study was to determine how patients with ICA injury but no embolization, stenting, or ligation do long‐term and ascertain the reconstruction methods utilized.MethodsTwenty‐nine cases of ICA injury were identified in an international multi‐institutional retrospective review. Of these, we identified six cases that were not treated with embolization, stenting, or ICA sacrifice. Information was available for five cases.ResultsA muscle patch was used in the immediate repair of each case. A nasoseptal flap was used in one case. Prefabricated nasal tampons were used in all cases. Nasal packing was initially left in for a median of 7 days prior to removal. The initial muscle patch was reinforced with a second muscle graft in one case. One case demonstrated ICA bleeding at the time of packing removal and was repacked an additional week. Follow‐up for each of these cases was at least 2 years. No cases of subsequent carotid rupture were found and none of these cases ultimately underwent endovascular stenting. Radiation or proton therapy has not been subsequently used in any of these patients.ConclusionsThis study details the reconstruction, lessons learned, and long‐term follow‐up for five cases of ICA injury not treated with embolization, stenting, or ligation.
Metamorphosis of spiny lobsters (Panulirus argusandPanulirus guttatus) in the Yucatan Current as inferred from the distribution of pueruli and final stage phyllosomata
Authors: Briones‐Fourzán Patricia , Candela Julio , Carrillo Laura , Espinosa‐Magaña Alí F. , Negrete‐Soto Fernando , Barradas‐Ortiz Cecilia , Escalante‐Mancera Edgar , Muñoz de Cote‐Hernández Rubén , Martínez‐Calderón Rogelio , Lozano‐Álvarez Enrique 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFor spiny lobsters (Palinuridae), the co‐occurrence of final‐stage larvae (phyllosomata) and postlarvae (pueruli) in sampling stations over oceanic waters is indicative of metamorphosis zones, some of which have been found in boundary currents. We hypothesized that metamorphosis ofPanulirus argusandP. guttatusoff the Mexican Caribbean coast, which has a very narrow shelf, occurs in the swift Yucatan Current (YC). During two cruises conducted in autumn 2012 and spring 2013, a mid‐water trawl and a neuston net were simultaneously towed in night samplings along transects up to ~ 100 km across the YC. Hydrographic and current fields were derived from Conductivity, Temperature and Depth, and altimetry data. Metamorphosis occurred mainly within the YC core. However, velocity and distance to the coast of the YC varied with cruise, and features that may favor retention (a persistent coastal eddy and a countercurrent) were detected. Despite differences in size and condition of pueruli between cruises, their energy stores did not appear to decline during the shoreward migration, suggesting that metamorphosing within strong boundary currents may increase the chances of pueruli arriving more quickly to a shore. Based on previously reported current features and swimming speeds, pueruli metamorphosing up to 12 km offshore are more likely to reach the Mexican Caribbean coast without much loss of energetic reserves. This could also occur for some pueruli metamorphosing up to 30 km offshore if encountering the features favoring retention. In contrast, pueruli metamorphosing > 30 km offshore are more likely to be carried into the Gulf of Mexico and elsewhere.
Stimulated Raman Scattering Tomography Enables Label‐Free Volumetric Deep Tissue Imaging
Authors: Gong Li , Lin Shulang , Huang Zhiwei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA novel z‐scan‐free stimulated Raman scattering tomography (SRST) is presented which is enabled by using optical beating technique (OBT) associated with Bessel beams to achieve deeper penetration for label‐free volumetric chemical imaging with subcellular resolution. In SRST, the pump beam is modulated with a spatial light modulator to convert to Bessel beam with optical beating, which is overlapped with the Bessel Stokes beam in the sample. By electronically varying the beating frequency, the depth‐resolved SRS signals about the volumetric tissue are encoded in the spatial frequency domain and thus, SRST can be rapidly retrieved by implementing inverse fast Fourier transform without a need of mechanical depth‐scan. It is demonstrated that SRST imaging using Bessel beams with self‐reconstructing properties provides at least twofold improvement in imaging depth in highly scattering polymer beads phantom as compared to conventional SRS microscopy. The capability of SRST for label‐free volumetric deeper imaging on a variety of imaging targets (e.g., Raman‐active crystals, plant cells, and biological tissue) is also proved. The generality of optical sectioning ability of Bessel beam‐OBT in SRST can be readily extended to practically any other nonlinear optical imaging modalities for deep tissue 3D imaging in biological and biomedical systems.
Cavity Optomechanical Sensing in the Nonlinear Saturation Limit
Authors: Javid Usman A. , Rogers Steven D. , Graf Austin , Lin Qiang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPhotonic sensors based upon high‐quality microcavities have found a wide variety of applications ranging from inertial sensing, electro‐ and magnetometry to chemical and biological sensing. These sensors have a dynamic range limited by the linewidth of the cavity mode transducing the input. This dynamic range not only determines the range of the signal strength that can be detected, but also affects the resilience of the sensor against large deteriorating external perturbations and shocks in a practical environment. Unfortunately, there is a general trade‐off between the detection sensitivity and the dynamic range, which undermines the performance of all microcavity‐based sensors. Here, an approach is proposed to extend the dynamic range significantly beyond the cavity linewidth limit by exploiting the periodic nature of the modulation signal, making measurements in the nonlinear transduction regime without degrading the detection sensitivity for weak signals. With a cavity optomechanical system, a dynamic range of over six times larger than the cavity linewidth is experimentally demonstrated, far beyond the conventional linear region of operation for such a sensor. This approach will help design microcavity‐based sensors to achieve high detection sensitivity and a large dynamic range at the same time, a crucial property for their use in a practical environment.
Recent Progress of Layer‐by‐layer Assembly, Free‐Standing Film and Hydrogel Based on Polyelectrolytes
Authors: Ivanov Artemii S. , Pershina Lyubov V. , Nikolaev Konstantin G. , Skorb Ekaterina V. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractNowadays, polyelectrolytes play an essential role in the development of new materials. Their use allows creating new properties of materials and surfaces and vary them in a wide range. Basically, modern methods are divided into three areas—the process of layer‐by‐layer deposition, free‐standing films, and hydrogels based on polyelectrolytes. Layer‐by‐layer assembly of polyelectrolytes on various surfaces is a powerful technique. It allows giving surfaces new properties, for example, protect them from corrosion. Free‐standing films are essential tools for the design of membranes and sensors. Hydrogels based on polyelectrolytes have recently shown their applicability in electrical and materials science. The creation of new materials and components with controlled properties can be achieved using polyelectrolytes. This review focuses on new technologies that have been developed with polyelectrolytes over the last five years.
Prediction models for multiphase‐flow‐induced corrosion of API X80 steel in CO2/H2S environment
Authors: da Silva Carlos A. , Pereira Henrique B. , Taqueda Maria E. S. , Panossian Zehbour 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn the offshore oil and gas industry, mainly focusing on the use of rigid or flexible pipes of subsea infrastructure applied to risers or flowlines, one of the greatest difficulties is the interpretation of the combined effects of the various correlated phenomena (hydrodynamic effects of intermittent flow, the effects of corrosivity of the environment in addition to variations in pressure, temperature, and dynamic loading). On the basis of this scenario, defining the degree of severity of each of the correlated system variables becomes of fundamental importance for establishing reliable criteria for selecting materials for subsea application. The established flow pattern directly affects the corrosion rate (or the pipe material mass loss), but the balance of other variables including possible changes in the physical and transported fluid chemical properties may increase the damage up to an order of magnitude, which is a piece of information normally not foreseen in design criteria. Therefore, to improve the understanding of the corrosion study influenced by multiphase flow, a testing loop was designed and assembled at the Corrosion and Protection Laboratory of the Institute for Technological Research, in which API X80 steel coupons were positioned in locations with a 0° and 45° inclinations. Tests were conducted by varying the partial pressure of the gaseous phase containing blends of CO2 and H2S with N2 balance, mixed with the liquid phase containing light oil and heavy oil in water with salinity (NaCl)‐simulating oil well conditions with 80% water cut. The main objective of this study is to establish models that can predict the corrosion intensity in conditions close to those obtained experimentally. To achieve results, the multiple regression and Box–Cox transformation methods were applied. These models will make possible damage prediction and optimization of matrix parameters for the multiphase‐loop test.
A comparison of methods to assess the resistance of reinforcing steel against chloride‐induced corrosion in concrete: Particular consideration of 12% chromium steel
Authors: Boschmann Käthler Carolina , Ebell Gino , Keßler Sylvia , Schiegg Yves , Dauberschmidt Christoph , Angst Ueli M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe critical chloride content Ccrit is an indicator for the corrosion resistance of reinforcing steels in concrete. In this article, several experimental methods for determining the critical chloride content Ccrit of mild and an alloyed (12% Cr) steel in cementitious materials are compared. The methods used include accelerated polarization tests and tests using more natural (unpolarized) conditions in which chloride ingress occurs by diffusion and capillary uptake. The advantages and disadvantages of the methods are discussed, in particular, with the objective of reaching a compromise between applicability to practice and feasibility in laboratory testing.
Structure Evolution in Polyethylene‐Derived Carbon Fiber Using a Combined Electron Beam‐Stabilization‐Sulphurization Approach
Authors: Frank Erik , Muks Erna , Ota Antje , Herrmann Thomas , Hunger Michael , Buchmeiser Michael R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA new approach is described for the production of poly(ethylene) (PE) derived carbon fibers (CFs) that entails the melt spinning of PE fibers from a suitable precursor, their cross‐linking by electron beam (EB) treatment, and sulphurization with elemental sulphur (S8), followed by pyrolysis and carbonization. Instead of focusing on mechanical properties, analysis of CF structure formation during all process steps is carried out by different techniques comprising solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis coupled to mass spectrometry/infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, energy dispersive X‐ray scattering, scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction. A key step in structure formation is the conversion of PE into poly(thienothiophene)s during sulphurization; these species are stabile under inert gas up to 700 °C as confirmed by Raman analysis. Above this temperature, they condense into poly(napthathienophene)s, which are then converted into graphite‐type structures during pyrolysis.
Unveiling the infidelity problem in exclusive manufacturer–distributor relationships: A dyadic perspective
Authors: Leonidou Leonidas C. , Aykol Bilge , Hadjimarcou John , Palihawadana Dayananda 
Published: July 2021

AbstractInfidelity has been a common dark‐side phenomenon in manufacturer–distributor (M–D) relationships, which, despite its harmful effects on operating performance and long‐term viability, has received scant theoretical and empirical attention in marketing research. Using data collected from 103 manufacturers and 101 distributors located in the USA, we investigate this phenomenon by conceptualizing it as a developmental process, comprising motives, symptoms, manifestations, consequences, and remedies. Our findings show that, with a few exceptions, there are no significant differences between manufacturers and distributors with regard to their perceptions of: (a) the structural, processual, and contextual factors contributing to the emergence of infidelity; (b) the behavioral and attitudinal factors helping to diagnose partner infidelity; (c) the ambiguous, explicit, and deceptive manifestations of infidelity; (d) the possible passive, mild, or aggressive consequences of infidelity; and (e) the pre‐emptive or post hoc measures that need to be taken to cure infidelity.