bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of therapeutic management and geriatric evaluation on patient of eighty years and older with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma on survival: A systematic review
Authors: Briand Marguerite , Gerard Stephane , Gauthier Martin , Garric Marie , Steinmeyer Zara , Balardy Laurent 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundDiffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive disease. The first‐line treatment is well defined in young patients; however, in oldest old patients treatment remains unclear.ObjectivesTo investigate the impact of therapeutics management and geriatric evaluation on survival in aged patients with DLBCL.MethodsWe performed a systematic review of PubMed and COCHRANE databases of published report on elderly patients (median age 80 and above) with DLBCL, from January 2002 to January 2020.ResultsWe included 32 studies (6 prospective and 26 retrospective). Patients treated with anthracyclines‐containing chemoimmunotherapy had a 2‐year overall survival (OS) of 59%–74.3% in prospective studies and 48.1–64.6% in retrospective studies. With less intensive treatment without anthracyclines, 2‐year OS was 28%–53%. Without specific treatment, median OS was 2 months. History of falls and severe comorbidities were associated with a decreased survival.ConclusionsChemoimmunotherapy with anthracyclines increases survival in selected very elderly patients in comparison with less intensive regimen. Geriatric assessment, in particular altered mobility disorders and severe comorbidities, is predictive of survival and should be associated with the therapeutic decision. More comparative studies are needed to guide the management of frailer patients.
Impaired interaural correlation processing in people with schizophrenia
Authors: Zheng Yingjun , Liu Lei , Li Ruikeng , Wu Zhemeng , Chen Liangjie , Li Juanhua , Wu Chao , Kong Lingzhi , Zhang Changxin , Lei Ming , She Shenglin , Ning Yuping , Li Liang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDetection of transient changes in interaural correlation is based on the temporal precision of the central representations of acoustic signals. Whether schizophrenia impairs the temporal precision in the interaural correlation process is not clear. In both participants with schizophrenia and matched healthy‐control participants, this study examined the detection of a break in interaural correlation (BIC, a change in interaural correlation from 1 to 0 and back to 1), including the longest interaural delay at which a BIC was just audible, representing the temporal extent of the primitive auditory memory (PAM). Moreover, BIC‐induced electroencephalograms (EEGs) and the relationships between the early binaural psychoacoustic processing and higher cognitive functions, which were assessed by the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), were examined. The results showed that compared to healthy controls, participants with schizophrenia exhibited poorer BIC detection, PAM and RBANS score. Both the BIC‐detection accuracy and the PAM extent were correlated with the RBANS score. Moreover, participants with schizophrenia showed weaker BIC‐induced N1‐P2 amplitude which was correlated with both theta‐band power and inter‐trial phase coherence. These results suggested that schizophrenia impairs the temporal precision of the central representations of acoustic signals, affecting both interaural correlation processing and higher‐order cognitions.
How many feral cats can be individually identified from camera trap images? Population monitoring, ecological utility and camera trap settings
Authors: Sparkes Jessica , Fleming Peter J.S. , McSorley Adam , Mitchell Bruce 
Published: September 2021

SummaryThe feral cat (Felis catus) is a key threat for many Australian native critical weight range animals (i.e. species of intermediate body mass between 35 and 5,500 g that are particularly susceptible to introduced predators) and estimates of cat abundance are required for assessing changes in population size. Camera trapping is a much used tool for monitoring and estimating population sizes, including with mark–resight techniques, for which the more robust estimators require individual identification. Many feral cats are individually marked, which potentially makes them suitable for such monitoring programmes. We sought to determine what proportion of cat images captured during a commonly used field deployment of camera traps could be individually identified, and whether aspects of camera trap deployment affected the rate of individual identification. Camera trap arrays were established in four conservation areas in south‐west New South Wales, Australia, during 2017 (range 39–50 camera traps per site). The unlured camera traps were continuously deployed over 26 months, with five or 10 images captured per trigger. Where possible, cats were individually identified based on phenotypic characteristics. Over the deployment period (95,413 camera trap nights; CTN), we obtained 2.25 million images, of which 13,845 contained feral cats. Feral cat events (i.e. a series of images taken <5 minutes apart on the same camera trap) ranged from 0.004 to 0.047 events per CTN across the four conservation areas, with 85 individual cats identified. Depending on camera settings, few images could be assigned to a known individual (12.2–27.4% of feral cat events per site were of identifiable individuals). Minimum number known alive were 10–46 feral cats per site, with resultant quarterly densities ranging from 0.01 to 0.16 cats/km2. With our current deployment, individual identification of feral cats was insufficient for estimating abundance or survival using individual mark–resight methods. Such deployment deficits limit the ecological conclusions that can be drawn from ours and similar studies.
Managing cardiovascular risk in people living with HIV in Asia – where are we now?
Authors: Choi Jun Yong , Lui Grace Chung Yan , Liao Chia‐Te , Yang Chia‐Jui 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAs the life expectancy of people living with HIV (PLWH) approaches that of the general population, the burden of comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increasing. Regardless of HIV status, about 50% of CVD deaths worldwide occur in Asia, and Asian PLWH have a high prevalence of conventional CVD risk factors, such as smoking, dyslipidaemia, hypertension and insulin resistance or diabetes. As well as conventional CVD risk factors, PLWH have HIV‐specific risk factors such as chronic inflammation, immune activation and endothelial damage, as well as risk factors related to antiretroviral therapy. This review describes the current knowledge on the epidemiology and risk factors of CVD in Asian PLWH and provides an Asian perspective on the recommendations for managing CVD risk in PLWH.
Academic performance and psychosocial functioning in European schoolchildren: The role of cardiorespiratory fitness and weight status
Authors: Valenzuela Pedro L. , Pinto‐Escalona Tania , Lucia Alejandro , Martínez‐de‐Quel Óscar 
Published: September 2021

SummaryBackgroundWhether a high cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) can attenuate the potential detrimental effect of childhood obesity on academic performance and particularly psychosocial functioning remains unclear.ObjectivesTo analyse the academic performance/psychosocial functioning of schoolchildren attending to their CRF and weight status.Methods470 schoolchildren (46% girls, 7 ± 0 years) from 20 schools in five European countries were categorized as (i) having overweight/obesity (n = 113) or normal weight (n = 357) attending to body mass index and (ii) ‘fit’ (n = 282) or ‘unfit’ (n = 188) based on 20‐meter shuttle‐run performance (CRF ≥ or <42 ml·kg−1·min−1 [boys] and 35 ml·kg−1·min−1 [girls], respectively). Academic performance and psychosocial functioning were assessed using the grades attained in school subjects and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) for parents, respectively.ResultsIndependent of their weight status, fit children showed a greater academic performance and psychosocial functioning than their peers who were unfit and overweight/obese. In fit children, academic performance and psychosocial functioning did not differ between the two weight status categories (normal weight or overweight/obesity).ConclusionsChildren with a higher CRF show a greater performance achievement and psychosocial functioning regardless of their weight status, thereby supporting the ‘fat but fit’ paradox and reinforcing the importance of improving CRF in this population.
Nursing handover involving consumers on inpatient mental healthcare units: A qualitative exploration of the consumers’ perspective
Authors: Van de Velde Ellen , Van Hecke Ann , Van Cleemput Naomi , Eeckloo Kristof , Malfait Simon 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHandovers between nurses are a significant cause of communication problems and possible consumer safety issues. A potential solution for both problems is the nursing handover involving consumers, in which the consumer is present at the time of handover. This practice invites consumers to be more involved in their care process and supports a recovery‐oriented practice. Research into nursing handovers involving consumers on inpatient mental health units is however very limited. A qualitative, phenomenological study was conducted. Semi‐structured interviews with 13 consumers staying on an inpatient mental health unit of a general hospital were used. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed. Data saturation was reached after 11 interviews when no new themes or codes emerged from the data. Three themes were generated from the interviews: (i) the first moments on the inpatient mental health unit; (ii) the nurse as an ally; and (iii) informing each other. The COREQ‐checklist was used. According to consumers, nursing handover involving consumers initiated a change in the relationship between consumers and nurses. Consumers and nurses got to know each other better during handover and built a relationship of trust. The introduction of nursing handover involving consumers created an accessible opportunity for consumers to exchange information with nurses and ask questions concerning their admission. Consumers felt jointly responsible for the continuity of the information about their healthcare process. Due to the use of nursing handover involving consumers, consumers experienced the opportunity to take more control in their health process and ensured that information is correct and complete.
On Joining a Signal Detection Choice Model with Response Time Models
Authors: DeCarlo Lawrence T. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn a signal detection theory (SDT) approach to multiple choice exams, examinees are viewed as choosing, for each item, the alternative that is perceived as being the most plausible, with perceived plausibility depending in part on whether or not an item is known. The SDT model is a process model and provides measures of item difficulty, item discrimination, and the relative plausibility of each alternative. It is shown how to incorporate information from response times into the model, which has potential benefits for estimation and also offers a way to study underlying processes. The SDT model is joined with a lognormal response time (RT) model in a manner similar to that used in hierarchical models. In addition, a mixture extension of the RT model is joined in a novel way with the SDT choice model, using the idea that the probability of “knowing” in the SDT model might be related to the probability of working in one of two speed states in the mixture RT model. A semiparametric version of the mixture RT model is also used to assess robustness. The fused SDT/RT models are examined with science items from the 2015 Program for International Student Assessment.
The subfamily Myoxocephalinae of cottid fishes (Cottidae): Genetic divergence and phylogenetic relationships
Authors: Radchenko Olga A. , Moreva Irina N. , Petrovskaya Anna V. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA comprehensive study based on molecular marker and karyotype analyses has provided evidence for the monophyly of the subfamily Myoxocephalinae, which includes the genera Myoxocephalus, Megalocottus, Microcottus, Porocottus, Enophrys and Argyrocottus. In addition, the karyotype of the threadfoot sculpin Argyrocottus zanderi Herzenstein 1892 has been studied for the first time. Marker traits of karyotypes identified 13 species among six cottid genera. As the molecular genetic results confirmed, the subfamily is divided into two groups corresponding to Enophrys and Myoxocephalus. The molecular genetic data did not support the formation of tribes within the subfamily Myoxocephalinae, as proposed earlier based on morphological characters. Moreover, the genera Trichocottus and Taurocottus should be excluded from the Myoxocephalinae. The evolutionary transformations of karyotypes in cottid fish tended towards a reduction in the number of chromosomes and chromosome arms.
Behavioural response of a whale shark during the passage of a typhoon
Authors: Nakamura Itsumi , Tsuchida Hiroyuki , Tone Kazuki , Komeyama Kazuyoshi , Sasaki Akira , Kawabe Ryo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDuring a behavioural survey of a tagged whale shark (Rhincodon typus) conducted in 2019 in the waters off Kagoshima, Japan, a typhoon passed close to the area under surveillance. As the typhoon approached, monitoring of the shark's movements indicated that it dived to depths of up to 90 m, and during this period, the authors recorded the effects of the typhoon‐induced waves. They also detected changes in the vertical thermal structure of the waters, possibly due to the disturbance caused by the typhoon.
Growth‐enhanced salmon modify stream ecosystem functioning
Authors: Cucherousset Julien , Sundt‐Hansen Line E. , Buoro Mathieu , Závorka Libor , Lassus Rémy , Bækkelie Knut A. E. , Fleming Ian A. , Björnsson Björn Thrandur , Johnsson Jörgen I. , Hindar Kjetil 
Published: September 2021

AbstractUse of fast‐growing domesticated and/or genetically modified strains of fish is becoming increasingly common in aquaculture, increasing the likelihood of deliberate or accidental introductions into the wild. To date, their ecological impacts on ecosystems remain to be quantified. Here, using a controlled phenotype manipulation by implanting growth hormone in juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), we found that growth‐enhanced fish display changes in several phenotypic traits known to be important for ecosystem functioning, such as habitat use, morphology and excretion rate. Furthermore, these phenotypic changes were associated with significant impacts on the invertebrate community and key stream ecosystem functions such as primary production and leaf‐litter decomposition. These findings provide novel evidence that introductions of growth‐enhanced fish into the wild can affect the functioning of natural ecosystems and represent a form of intraspecific invasion. Consequently, environmental impact assessments of growth‐enhanced organisms need to explicitly consider ecosystem‐level effects.
Domestic Debt and Sovereign Defaults
Authors: MALLUCCI ENRICO 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper examines how the internal–external composition of government debt affects the government's borrowing policy, sovereign risk, and welfare in a small open economy. To this end, I develop a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model with endogenous default risk that includes both external and domestic debt. I calibrate the model to Argentina, and I show that the model closely reproduces key empirical moments. Moreover, I highlight the existence of an externality that distorts debt composition: Domestic debt levels are inefficiently low and default risk is inefficiently high. The welfare loss associated with the externality is roughly 0.7% when it is measured in permanent units of consumption. A Pigouvian subsidy that incentivizes domestic purchases of government bonds restores efficiency.
Treatment of nasal depressed scars using micro‐plasma radiofrequency technology combined with subcision
Authors: Liu Yue , Li Zehui , Hu Jintian , Wang Meng , Qu Chunan , Wu Huanhuan , Su Xueshang , Wang Lianzhao 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe nose is located in the middle of the face; therefore, nasal scarring will bring a significant psychological impact on patients. Although there are many treatment methods for depressed scars, these methods have varying degrees of efficacy and all carry certain adverse effects. A better treatment method is urgent to be found. In this study, the effect of micro‐plasma radiofrequency technology combined with subcision to treat nasal depressed scars is evaluated.Methods18 Chinese patients with nasal depressed scars participated in this study. All patients received one session of micro‐plasma radiofrequency treatment first. 2 months later, subcision combined with micro‐plasma radiofrequency technology was performed on them at 6‐month intervals, and a total of 2 sessions of combined treatment were performed. Goodman and Baron Scale was used to evaluate nasal scars before treatment and 6 months after the final session.ResultsAll 18 patients in this study had Grade 4 nasal scars before treatment. 6 months after the end of treatment, 13 patients (72.2%) showed excellent or near total improvement, and 5 patients (27.8%) showed marked improvement. No adverse side effects were observed during treatment. Patient self‐evaluation indicated that all patients were satisfied with the cosmetic outcomes.ConclusionsIn this study, we explored a new treatment method for nasal depressed scars. We used micro‐plasma radiofrequency technology combined with subcision to treat nasal depressed scars and obtained relatively satisfactory results with no adverse effects.
Inspection for micrometastasis is essential for predicting the prognosis of serous endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma: Case report and literature review
Authors: Yoshioka Toshiki , Suzuki Yukio , Imai Yuichi , Ruiz‐Yokota Naho , Yamanaka Shoji , Furuya Mitsuko , Miyagi Etsuko 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSerous endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma is the precursor of invasive uterine serous carcinoma. Here, we present two cases of serous endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma with omental micrometastasis and discuss their clinical significance. Two menopausal patients with abnormal endometrial biopsy findings underwent hysterectomy and comprehensive surgical staging (bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy, omentectomy, and pelvic and para‐aortic lymphadenectomy). Although gross examination failed to detect tumors, the pathological diagnosis was serous endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma. Both patients had omental micrometastasis; they were diagnosed with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IVB disease and received postoperative chemotherapy. One patient died of the carcinoma 9 months after the hysterectomy, and the other had a recurrence of carcinoma 17 months after the end of the initial therapy. The present cases and literature review highlight the importance of meticulous inspection for micrometastasis in the abdominal cavity, including the omentum and peritoneum, for predicting prognosis.
Practices and perspectives regarding medico‐legal reports in day‐to‐day cases in tertiary Australian child protection units
Authors: Skellern Catherine 
Published: September 2021

AimThis study aimed to (i) summarise the workforce and (ii) identify how medico‐legal opinion is communicated to the child protection and criminal courts within the day‐to‐day work of child protection paediatricians in tertiary child protection services.MethodsA survey of medical directors and child protection paediatricians working within tertiary child protection units within Australasia was conducted.ResultsDirectors from 5 out of 11 centres, and 18 paediatricians who work in these units responded. Most were female (89%) and experience varied, including many (62%) who had studied forensic medicine (Monash University). Just over half (56%) usually/always provided an interim report to the child protection system before a child is discharged and 59% had those reports peer‐reviewed. Two‐thirds (61%) had varied reports for the child protection agency initially with reports finalised later for the criminal jurisdiction.ConclusionConsiderable variation in how opinion is communicated to the child protection system and later to police was identified. There were significant differences in staffing ratios between tertiary units which likely influences how this work is done in day‐to‐day cases evaluated by child protection paediatricians within their hospital due to volume of cases and demand. Peer review of opinion communicated to the child protection agency is not always undertaken and reports for the criminal jurisdiction do not always include review of evidence which may be identified after a child has been discharged from hospital. This survey captures how forensic practices and principles are embedded into child protection and exposes some challenges in being responsive to both the child protection and criminal justice systems.
Roles of plant‐based ingredients and phytonutrients in canine nutrition and health
Authors: Tanprasertsuk Jirayu , Tate Devon E. , Shmalberg Justin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDogs possess the ability to obtain essential nutrients, established by the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO), from both animal‐ and plant‐based ingredients. There has been a recent increase in the popularity of diets that limit or completely exclude certain plant‐based ingredients. Examples of these diets include ‘ancestral’ or ‘evolutionary’ diets, raw meat‐based diets and grain‐free diets. As compared to animal sources, plant‐derived ingredients (including vegetables, fruits, grains, legumes, nuts and seeds) provide many non‐essential phytonutrients with some data suggesting they confer health benefits. This review aims to assess the strength of current evidence on the relationship between the consumption of plant‐based foods and phytonutrients (such as plant‐derived carotenoids, polyphenols and phytosterols) and biomarkers of health and diseases (such as body weight/condition, gastrointestinal health, immune health, cardiovascular health, visual function and cognitive function) from clinical trials and epidemiological studies. This review highlights the potential nutritional and health benefits of including plant‐based ingredients as a part of balanced canine diets. We also highlight current research gaps in existing studies and provide future research directions to inform the impact of incorporating plant‐based ingredients in commercial or home‐prepared diets.