bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time-Resolved EPR and Theoretical Investigations of Naphthalene Diimide Spin Dynamics in the Excited State
Authors: Matsuoka Hideto , Shibano Yuki , Akimoto Ikuko , Kanzaki Yuki 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Naphthalene diimides (NDIs) are a promising material for n-type polymer acceptors in thin-film devices such as organic light-emitting diodes. The intersystem crossing (ISC) pathway of NDIs has been extensively studied, relying heavily on the accuracy of quantum chemical calculations. However, the theoretical results are inconsistent with the experimental findings. In this work, time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance (tr-EPR) was applied to NDIs for the first time in order to elucidate the ISC pathway and assign their electronic structures. With the help of quantum chemical calculations, tr-EPR clearly demonstrated that ISC occurs via an upper excited triplet state (T4) after photoexcitation. The zero-field splitting (ZFS) constants of the NDIs, which strongly correlate with their spin density distributions, were experimentally determined by tr-EPR. We demonstrate that an ab initio complete active space self-consistent field is required to interpret the ZFS constants of the NDIs. From the theoretical analyses of the constants and phosphorescence measurements, the spin state observed in the tr-EPR spectra was identified as the lowest excited triplet state, illustrating that quick internal conversion occurs after the ISC process.
Cost-effectiveness of patient navigation for lung cancer – a systematic review
Authors: Kass Benjamin , Dornquast Christina , Rieckmann Nina , Goerling Ute , Holmberg Christine , Reinhold Thomas 
Published: October 2021

Background: Patient navigation (PN) programs have been shown to increase patient satisfaction and quality of life among patients with lung cancer and to decrease time to treatment. However, the general cost-effectiveness of such programs in the context of lung cancer remains unknown. Hence, the aim of the present systematic review was to analyze the scientific literature and quantitatively assess the level of evidence on the cost-effectiveness of PN programs for patients diagnosed with lung cancer. Methods: A systematic literature search was carried out in PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL and PsycINFO databases without time limitations. Randomized controlled trials written in English or German were eligible for inclusion if any results regarding the cost-effectiveness of personally delivered PN programs for patients after lung cancer diagnosis were reported. A manual search was carried out to supplement the systematic search. Additionally, the authors of ongoing or unpublished relevant research were contacted. The titles, abstracts and full texts of relevant citations were screened independently by two reviewers. Results: The initial search yielded 814 articles, including four papers identified manually. Twenty-one articles were included in the full text screening. However, no study met the inclusion criteria. Contacting the authors of ongoing or unpublished research and cross-cancer studies did not yield any studies that met the inclusion criteria. Conclusion: Since no study met the inclusion criteria, this study reveals a research gap in this area. Furthermore, no conclusive statement regarding the cost-effectiveness of patient navigation programs for patients diagnosed with lung cancer can be made. Since the implementation of new healthcare models such as PN at least partially depends on their cost-effectiveness, future attempts to evaluate PN programs for lung cancer patients should consider examining outcomes related to cost-effectiveness to overcome the identified research gap.
Toxin-like peptides in plasma, urine and faecal samples from COVID-19 patients
Authors: Brogna Carlo , Cristoni Simone , Petrillo Mauro , Querci Maddalena , Piazza Ornella , Van den Eede Guy 
Published: October 2021

Background: SARS-CoV-2 that causes COVID-19 disease and led to the pandemic currently affecting the world has been broadly investigated. Different studies have been performed to understand the infection mechanism, and the involved human genes, transcripts and proteins. In parallel, numerous clinical extra-pulmonary manifestations co-occurring with COVID-19 disease have been reported and evidence of their severity and persistence is increasing. Whether these manifestations are linked to other disorders co-occurring with SARS-CoV-2 infection, is under discussion. In this work, we report the identification of toxin-like peptides in COVID-19 patients by application of the Liquid Chromatography Surface-Activated Chemical Ionization – Cloud Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry. Methods: Plasma, urine and faecal samples from COVID-19 patients and control individuals were analysed to study peptidomic toxins’ profiles. Protein precipitation preparation procedure was used for plasma, to remove high molecular weight proteins and efficiently solubilize the peptide fraction; in the case of faeces and urine, direct peptide solubilization was employed. Results: Toxin-like peptides, almost identical to toxic components of venoms from animals, like conotoxins, phospholipases, phosphodiesterases, zinc metal proteinases, and bradykinins, were identified in samples from COVID-19 patients, but not in control samples. Conclusions: The presence of toxin-like peptides could potentially be connected to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Their presence suggests a possible association between COVID-19 disease and the release in the body of (oligo-)peptides almost identical to toxic components of venoms from animals. Their involvement in a large set of heterogeneous extra-pulmonary COVID-19 clinical manifestations, like neurological ones, cannot be excluded. Although the presence of each individual symptom is not selective of the disease, their combination might be related to COVID-19 by the coexistence of the panel of the here detected toxin-like peptides. The presence of these peptides opens new scenarios on the aetiology of the COVID-19 clinical symptoms observed up to now, including neurological manifestations.
Grupo de estudo: um relato de experiência sobre a mediação virtual durante a pandemia do Covid-19
Authors: Maciel Geovânia de Souza Andrade , Oliveira Alyne Pereira de 
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo refere-se a um relato de experiência acerca de uma das atividades realizadas por meio do Projeto de Mediação Virtual. Trata-se de um grupo de estudo virtual realizado com alunos dos segundos anos de uma instituição de ensino de Ji-Paraná e de outra instituição pública de ensino situada na cidade vizinha, Ouro Preto do Oeste. O projeto teve como objetivo promover o aprofundamento do processo de aprendizagem por intermédio do ensino remoto, em decorrência da Pandemia de COVID-19. Como aporte teórico a criação do grupo pauta-se nos estudos de Freire (1996), Dayrell (2007) e em especial, na abordagem dos pesquisadores Murphy e Lick (2005). Isto posto, a atividade em pauta realizou-se por meio de um grupo no WhatsApp, onde os 57 participantes formaram uma comunidade com ênfase na troca de conhecimentos. Os resultados do grupo de estudo mostraram que a dinamização do ensino é fundamental para motivar o processo educacional e promover uma aprendizagem colaborativa.
Examining the challenges of hospital discharge for patients with a urinary catheter
Authors: Cheekooree Blair , Casey Sean , Clayton Hayley , Hambling Elaine , Tomlinson Caroline 
Published: October 2021

Background: Patient discharge between acute and secondary care will be viewed differently based on the stakeholder groups involved. Examining these different perceptions may help improve the discharge process and the patient journey from hospital to home. Aims: To determine the perceptions of community and hospital nursing staff regarding the challenges that exist with the general hospital discharge process for patients with a urinary catheter. Methods: A survey was created and sent to a wide range of acute and community nurses and the subscriber list of Journal of Community Nursing, Journal of General Practice Nursing and Wound Care Today. Findings: Compared with hospital staff, the opinions of community staff were more negative around the discharge process and post-discharge care and materials. Conclusions: Results of this survey provide insight into the perceptions of nursing staff into general patient discharge for those with a urinary catheter and help identify the challenges that exist on the patient journey from hospital to home.
Agarwood formation in Aquilaria beccariana and Aquilaria microcarpa in response to inoculation of newly isolated fungi from Brunei Darussalam
Authors: MOHAMMAD YUMNI HAZIQAH , Shivanand Pooja , Metali Faizah , Taha Hussein , MATUSSIN NUR BAZILAH AFIFAH , ABDUL-HALIM ABDUL MUIZZ AL-AZIM , MOHAIMIN ABDUL ZUL’ADLY 
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Mohammad YH, Shivanand P, Metali F, Taha H, Matussin NBA, Abdul-Halim AMA, Mohaimin AZ. 2021. Agarwood formation in Aquilaria beccariana and Aquilaria microcarpa in response to inoculation of newly isolated fungi from Brunei Darussalam. Biodiversitas 22: 4131-4138. Aquilaria is an important agarwood-producing tree, but naturally occurring agarwood is rare. Artificial induction method is the most commonly used to produce agarwood in a short time. Out of the 21 species of Aquilaria, Brunei Darussalam houses two species that produce high quality agarwood, namely Aquilaria beccariana and A. microcarpa. The aims of this study are to artificially induce agarwood formation using eight different induction treatments: six fungal inoculant treatments with two control treatments, and to isolate and identify fungal strains from naturally infected agarwood tree using DNA barcoding. Agarwood formation was observed at four different time intervals i.e. 1, 3, 6 and 9 months of post-inoculation. Results exhibited that the area and the total length of discoloration zone were significantly greater at 6 and 9 months of incubation period. Induction treatment did not significantly affect the area and the total length of discoloration. FTIR analysis revealed that two aromatic compounds (C – H and C – C stretching) were detected at the wavelength ranges of 3000 – 2800 cm-1, and 1500 – 1400 cm-1 respectively, and OH group was detected at 3600 – 3400 cm-1. Nine fungal strains from Aspergillus, Fusarium, Mucor and Trichosporon were isolated and identified from a naturally infected agarwood, and the last two fungi (Mucor and Trichosporon) were never been previously reported.
Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by local communities in Sekerak Subdistrict, Aceh Tamiang, Indonesia
Authors: Navia Zidni Ilman , Suwardi Adi Bejo , Baihaqi Baihaqi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Navia ZI, Suwardi AB, Baihaqi. 2021. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by local communities in Sekerak Subdistrict, Aceh Tamiang, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4273-4281. Local communities in Aceh Tamiang have gained a wealth of medicinal knowledge through practice and experience in their long-term battles with the disease. However, because of a lack of written records and rapid economic development, their traditional medicinal knowledge is under threat. This study investigated medicinal plants and related traditional knowledge of local communities in the Sekerak subdistrict, Aceh Taming, Indonesia. Field surveys, plant collections, and interviews with communities were used in this study. The Snowball Sampling technique was used to select 60 informants for the interviews. A total of 46 medicinal plant species belonging to 40 genera and 26 families were used for medicinal purposes by local communities to treat 28 different diseases. The itch, swelling, cough, and nosebleed were the most commonly treated. With a use-value index of 0.98, Tagetes erecta was the most commonly used medicinal plant by local communities. In addition, local communities identified the leaf (50%) as the most widely used plant part and oral administration (65%) as the most common method of administering traditional medicine. Elders have more knowledge of medicinal plants than younger generations, indicating that traditional knowledge is eroding across generations. However, initiatives to promote and conserve medicinal plants must be improved, particularly among the younger generation. This is required to ensure the availability of medicinal plants and the preservation of traditional knowledge in the future.
Reproductive biology of Vatica venulosa Blume (Dipterocarpaceae)
Authors: Widjaya Aulia Hasan , Latifah Dian , HARDWICK KATE A. , Suhartanto M. Rahmad , Palupi Endah Retno 
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Widjaya AH, Latifah D, Hardwick KA, Suhartanto MR, Palupi ER. 2021. Reproductive biology of Vatica venulosa Blume (Dipterocarpaceae). Biodiversitas 22: 4327-4337. Vatica venulosa Blume is categorized as Critically Endangered A1c ver 2.3, according to the IUCN Red List. A study of the reproductive biology of V. venulosa Blume was carried out in August 2019-February 2020 at the Research Center for Plant Conservation and Botanic Gardens, Bogor, Indonesia. The research observed flower morphology, flower development, type of pollination, fruit and seed structures. V. venulosa is categorized as having a sub-annual flowering pattern. The flowering phenology of V. venulosa from flower bud emergence until fruit senescence takes about 6 months. The flower is hermaphroditic, with position of the pistil is higher/longer than the stamen; and pollen was released prior to stigma being receptive (protandrous). V. venulosa is a cross-pollinated plant, the flower visitors are insect nymphs of Thrips sp. (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), which are white and 1-1.5 mm in size. The percentage of blooming flowers was 32.3-37.9%, fruit set 10.9 %-12.6%. Seed physiological maturity is reached at the age of 101±3-106±3 days after the flowers bloom when the wings are yellow green or green orange in color. V. venulosa seed is a non endospermous seed, and the cotyledons are composed mainly of small clumps of starch, being 42.5% carbohydrate.
Species identification and prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths in Indonesian native chickens, and its impact on egg production
Authors: Zalizar Lili , WINAYA ARIS , Malik Abdul , Widodo Wahyu , Suyatno Suyatno , Anggraini Apriliana Devi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Zalizar L, Winaya A, Malik A, Widodo W, Suyatno, Anggraini AD. 2021. Species identification and prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths in Indonesian native chickens, and its impact on egg production. Biodiversitas 22: 4363-4369. Gastrointestinal parasite (GIP) infection is a severe problem of local chicken production, such as poultry and egg. Hence, the proper strategy to control the parasite invasion should be implemented regarding chicken productivity performance. Moreover, the existing environment is also essential in supporting chicken production. The study's objective was to determine the prevalence rate of the gastrointestinal helminths in four strains of Indonesian native chicken viz. Ranupane, Lokal Putih, Wareng, and Lurik, and the impact of the chicken egg production. A total of 280 chickens which were evaluated consisting of 70 birds from each strain, were tested for the prevalence of helminths eggs in a sample of feces and the effect on hen day production (HDP). The results showed that the percentage rates of infected chicken with helminths reached 56.43%, and the number of eggs per gram (EPG) in all four strains was considered moderate (115 EPG of feces). At the same time, the average of HDP per the four strains at 7 to 12 months was about 34.36-45.80%, which was in a normal range. The majority of helminths species found in examined native chicken were Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum, Raillietina spp., and Capillaria spp. The prevalence of GIP helminths did not negatively affect egg production in all four strains of chicken by moderately tolerant infections, and the HDP of chickens was normal.
A snapshot on composition and distribution of fish larvae across the North Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Harith Mohd Nasarudin , O'Donnell Cieran , JOHNSTON GRAHAM , Power Anne Marie 
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Harith MN, O’ Donnell C, Johnston G, Power AM. 2021. A snapshot on composition and distribution of fish larvae across the North Atlantic Ocean. Biodiversitas 22: 4496-4504. This study aims to describe the composition and distribution patterns of fish larvae communities across the North Atlantic Ocean. Several cruises were involved in the effort to collect the fish larvae samples. The sampling took place on the east side of the North Atlantic Ocean, towards the mid-Atlantic Ocean, and on the west side of the North Atlantic Ocean, near the eddies approaching Flemish Cap. A total of 9522 fish larvae were collected and identified from these surveys. These larvae came from 79 taxa and 29 families. Referring to the total abundance, considering all the sampled stations, Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) was the most abundant species (38.82% of the total fish larvae abundance), followed by blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou) (15.9%). Referring to the Multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) ordination plots, two major stations clusters separate the on-shelf and off-shelf stations supported by SIMPER analysis. This study provides a snapshot of larval fish concentrations and assembly structure, but current knowledge suggests that the distribution of larval fish assemblages will be highly spatially variable, more research into plume front dynamics and their effects on the region's biota is needed to predict and understand changes.
Short Communication: Proportion faunal assemblages of carnivorous mammals in geoecological districts of Mordovia, Russia
Authors: Andreychev Alexey 
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Andreychev A. 2021. Short Communication: Proportion faunal assemblages of carnivorous mammals in geoecological districts of Mordovia, Russia. Biodiversitas 22: 4625-4632. In the forest-steppe area, carnivorous mammals are represented by species of different faunistic assemblages. This circumstance makes the study region a priority since the species of which faunistic assemblages prevail is of interest. Fifteen carnivorous species have been identified in the territory of Mordovia. Among them, the family Mustelidae predominates in terms of the number of species. The species are found in all geoecological districts, but their distribution is uneven. The most notable species in the region are located in coniferous and broad-leaved forests (40%) and species widely distributed in several natural areas (40%). 13% of the total number of noted species belong to the taiga fauna types. The steppe type of fauna is represented by only 7% of the total number of recorded species. For each geoecological region, the fauna features are given, and a list of rare and exciting species is given. The forest-steppe zone to which Mordovia belongs is compared by the fauna of carnivorous mammals with other regions from three typical faunal assemblages.
School to go: Neues Lernen im Social-Media-Stil
Authors: Eckle Jannick , Jungfleisch Anne , Stattkus Daniel , Zarvić Novica , Knopf Julia , Thomas Oliver 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungMit dem pandemiebedingten ersten Lockdown im März 2020 hat das digitale Lernen einen enormen Aufschwung erfahren. Mit der Initiative „School to go“ wird in Zeiten bundesweiter Schulschließungen ein relevanter Beitrag zur digitalen Bildung für Schülerinnen und Schüler, Eltern, Lehrkräfte und die interessierte Öffentlichkeit geleistet. Auf der gleichnamigen Plattform (www.schooltogo.de) werden digitale Lernangebote für Kinder, Jugendliche sowie junge Erwachsene gebündelt. Ferner finden sich dort Blogbeiträge zu Trendthemen der digitalen Bildung: Wie können digitale und didaktisch motivierte Raumkonzepte zu einem verbesserten Lernen beitragen und welche Bedeutung hat Gamification für die Lernmotivation der Schülerinnen und Schüler? Derzeit befinden sich auf „School to go“ bereits über 1000 innovative Lernformate (Stand Mai 2021) für verschiedene Fächer, die sich an Schülerinnen und Schüler aller Alters- und Jahrgangsstufen richten. Der vorliegende Beitrag zeigt, wie neues Lernen im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung gelingt und wie hierbei Didaktik und Wirtschaftsinformatik in Einklang gebracht werden können, um nachhaltige Lernerlebnisse zu ermöglichen.
Systematic review of the scrub typhus treatment landscape: Assessing the feasibility of an individual participant-level data (IPD) platform
Authors: Saraswati Kartika , Maguire Brittany J. , McLean Alistair R. D. , Singh-Phulgenda Sauman , Ngu Roland C. , Newton Paul N. , Day Nicholas P. J. , Guérin Philippe J. 
Published: October 2021

Background
Scrub typhus is an acute febrile illness caused by intracellular bacteria from the genus Orientia. It is estimated that one billion people are at risk, with one million cases annually mainly affecting rural areas in Asia-Oceania. Relative to its burden, scrub typhus is understudied, and treatment recommendations vary with poor evidence base. These knowledge gaps could be addressed by establishing an individual participant-level data (IPD) platform, which would enable pooled, more detailed and statistically powered analyses to be conducted. This study aims to assess the characteristics of scrub typhus treatment studies and explore the feasibility and potential value of developing a scrub typhus IPD platform to address unanswered research questions.

Methodology/principal findings
We conducted a systematic literature review looking for prospective scrub typhus clinical treatment studies published from 1998 to 2020. Six electronic databases (Ovid Embase, Ovid Medline, Ovid Global Health, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Global Index Medicus), ClinicalTrials.gov, and WHO ICTRP were searched. We extracted data on study design, treatment tested, patient characteristics, diagnostic methods, geographical location, outcome measures, and statistical methodology.
Among 3,100 articles screened, 127 were included in the analysis. 12,079 participants from 12 countries were enrolled in the identified studies. ELISA, PCR, and eschar presence were the most commonly used diagnostic methods. Doxycycline, azithromycin, and chloramphenicol were the most commonly administered antibiotics. Mortality, complications, adverse events, and clinical response were assessed in most studies. There was substantial heterogeneity in the diagnostic methods used, treatment administered (including dosing and duration), and outcome assessed across studies. There were few interventional studies and limited data collected on specific groups such as children and pregnant women.

Conclusions/significance
There were a limited number of interventional trials, highlighting that scrub typhus remains a neglected disease. The heterogeneous nature of the available data reflects the absence of consensus in treatment and research methodologies and poses a significant barrier to aggregating information across available published data without access to the underlying IPD. There is likely to be a substantial amount of data available to address knowledge gaps. Therefore, there is value for an IPD platform that will facilitate pooling and harmonisation of currently scattered data and enable in-depth investigation of priority research questions that can, ultimately, inform clinical practice and improve health outcomes for scrub typhus patients.