bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vein Grafting in Nasolacrimal System Reconstruction
Authors: Soll David B 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
Obliteration of the tract after conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy is one of the main complications associated with the procedure.
The use of a saphenous vein graft which covers the tube may aid in establishing an immediate lined tract for the tube when performing a conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy.
Another possible use for the vein graft is in anastomosing the parotid duct to the inferior cul-de-sac when performing a parotid duct transfer. The vein graft makes parotid duct transfer easier and helps control the amount of saliva delivered to the eye. A case report is presented.
Evaluation of the Neodymium-YAG Laser for Treatment of Ocular Opacities
Authors: Riggins James , Pedrotti Leno S , Keates Richard H 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
The Neodymium:YAG Laser was used to find damage thresholds for glass and PMMA IOLs. In addition, optimal cone angles of the laser in regard to laser safety was determined along with consideration of suitability of other laser wavelengths. Lastly, investigation of substitute solutions for optical breakdown compared to vitreous was evaluated.
A Simple, Inexpensive Sterile Vitreous Specimen Collection Device With Peyman Vitreophage
Authors: Chen Ching J , Gillespie William 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
A simple and inexpensive vitreous specimen collection device is described. This device can be connected to the Peyman Vitreophage System to obtain a sterile intraocular specimen during a pars plana vitrectomy.
Clinical and Ultrastructural Analysis of Variable Speed Corneal Trephination
Authors: Schanzlin David J , Robin Jeffrey B , Spence David J 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
An automated, variable speed trephine was utilized to study the effects of rotation velocity on corneal trephination. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the higher velocity (800 RPM) specimens had less stromal lamellar disruption, producing a smoother interface than either the lower velocity (100 RPM) automated trephinations or manual trephinations.
Keratophakia With Lyophilized Cornea Lathed at Room Temperature: New Techniques and Experimental Surgical Results
Authors: Maguen Ezra , Pinhas Simon , Verity Steven M , Nesburn Anthony B 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
A modified method of prelathing lyophilized corneal tissue at room temperature for refractive keratoplasty is described. This method allows perfect centration of a lyophilized corneal button on the plastic base and thus more accurate lathing. Keratophakia was performed with lenticules prepared in this fashion on a series of eight cats which were followed for 30 weeks postoperatively. All lenticules were clear ten weeks following surgery and the final optical correction obtained varied ± 2.5 D from the intended correction.
Accessory Lacrimal Gland Fistula Secondary to Ptosis Surgery
Authors: Beyer-Machule Charles K , Tyers Anthony G , Bathrick Marie E , Arrigg Claudia A 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
This is a case report of the development of a lacrimal fistula following repeated anterior levator resections for severe ptosis. The fistula was excised and pathologically traced to an accessory lacrimal gland. This patient represented the first documented case following an accessory lacrimal gland as the source for a fistula following levator resections for ptosis.
Final Surgical Results With a Suction Trephine
Authors: Insler Michael S , Cooper H Douglas , Caldwell Delmar R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The suction trephine was studied in 31 aphakic and Pseudophakic penetrating keratoplasty patients (31 eyes). The postoperative corneal astigmatism averaged 3.9 ± 2.8 diopters overall. The 15 Pseudophakic cases in nonscarred corneas showed a marked reduction in postoperative corneal astigmatism (3.59 diopters) when compared to previous reports. Our results have encouraged us to continue use of the suction trephine in all aphakic or combined keratoplasty procedures.
Free Autogenous Grafts in Eyelid Tarsoconjunctival Reconstruction
Authors: Hawes Michael J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Classical techniques of reconstruction of large eyelid defects require temporary occlusion of the eye. Use of a free autogenous tarsoconjunctival graft with a skin-muscle flap is described. Twelve patients were operated with ten good, two fair, and no poor results. This method can be used to repair medial, lateral, and central defects of the upper and lower eyelids.
Treatment of Iris Melanoma by Photocoagulation: A Case Report
Authors: Cleasby Gilbert W , Van Westenbrugge J A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A 13-year-old white male was found to have a melanoma of the iris. Three treatments with xenon arc photocoagulation resulted in regression of the lesion with development of an iris coloboma. There were no complications, and corrected visual acuity has remained at 20/15 after a 19-year follow-up.
Effect of Peripheral Cryocoagulation on Ocular Blood Flow
Authors: Chandra Suresh R , Ernest J Terry , Goldstick Thomas K 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Using the labeled microsphere impaction technique, we studied the effect of peripheral panretinal transscleral cryocoagulation in pigmented rabbits. One eye of each animal received peripheral cryocoagulation, and the fellow eye of the same animal was used as the control. Thirty-two animals received 40 exposures of peripheral cryocoagulation; twenty-six rabbits received 20 exposures. After 40 exposures of cryocoagulation, choroidal-retinal blood flow was significantly decreased when measured at one to two hours, 24 hours, and two weeks; normal flow recovered by four weeks. After 20 exposures of cryocoagulation, there was a significant reduction in choroidal-retinal blood flow at the earliest measurement time (one to two hours) only. The iris-ciliary body blood flow also was substantially decreased only at the earliest measurement time (one to two hours) and only after 40 exposures.
A Comparison of Retrobulbar Block Produced by Etidocaine 1% and by a Mixture of Lidocaine 2% and Bupivacaine 0.75%
Authors: Smith Porter H , Kemp Paul , Smith Emil R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
In this double-blind study, retrobulbar block for cataract surgery was produced in 43 patients with etidocaine 1% and in 37 patients with a mixture of equal volume of lidocaine 2% and bupivacaine 0.75% (final concentrations of 1% and 0.375%, respectively). While a greater proportion of etidocaine-treated patients needed supplemental drug for block, the times of onset of sensory and motor block were not different for the two groups. Compared to treatment with etidocaine, patients treated with the mixture had a slower recovery of motor function. While the proportion of patients reporting postoperative pain was about the same in each group, both the onset of pain and the use of analgesic agents occurred earlier in the group treated with etidocaine. Thus retrobulbar blocks produced by the combination of lidocaine and bupivacaine occurred as rapidly as those produced by etidocaine but had a longer duration.
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion
Authors: Wesley Ralph E , Johnston Dan T , Gutow Gary S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Injecting steroid crystals into orbital inflammatory lesions produces a prolonged, high level of drug activity at the target tissue. This technique appears helpful in controlling orbital inflammations in problem cases while reducing the chance of steroid related systemic side effects. We report a patient who experienced central retinal artery occlusion from steroid particles injected into an orbit inflammatory mass. The mechanism of this complication and methods to reduce the chance of central retinal artery embolization are discussed.
An Instrument to Aid Intracapsular Cataract Extraction of Dislocated Lenses
Authors: Ryan Edwin H , Rosenberg Michael A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Techniques for surgical removal of a dislocated lens have evolved considerably in the past 30 years. There has been a change in preference from open-sky techniques to the use of automated vitrectomy instruments. We introduce an instrument which may be useful in selected patients with dislocated lenses. This instrument is placed through the pars plana to entrap the lens anteriorly without trauma to the retina or ciliary body. Cryoextraction of the lens through a limbal incision is then performed. We feel this instrument will be most useful in the management of a dislocated nucleosclerotic lens.
Pseudophakic Choroidal Detachment With Cyclodialysis Cyst
Authors: Slusher M Madison 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Two cases of spontaneous pseudophakic ciliochoroidal detachment, associated with extracapsular cataract extraction, posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation with intact posterior capsules, and small cyclodialysis clefts are documented. In both patients, the choroidal detachments occurred in a delayed fashion following uncomplicated cataract surgery and both presented with characteristic ocular hypotony. Although one patient required surgical management, both patients regained excellent vision after closure of the clefts and resolution of the ciliochoroidal detachments.
A Clinical Review of the IOLAB Azar Model 91Z Flexible Anterior Chamber Intraocular Lens
Authors: Hagan John C 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The IOLAB AZAR 91Z flexible anterior chamber intraocular lens may have the highest complication rate of any contemporary intraocular implant. Over 40,000 of these implants were inserted in human eyes. The complications of this lens includes a much higher than normal rate of chronic inflammation, cystoid macular edema, glaucoma, hyphema, vitreous hemorrhage, and pseudophakic bullous keratopathy. These complications together constitute the multiple manifestations of the UGH Plus syndrome. These complications tend to increase with time. The failure of the 91Z can be ascribed to problems of design and manufacturing causing excess movement, vaulting, and irritation of ocular tissue. Patients with this implant need to be notified of the high complication rate and the need for frequent follow-up. Most 91Z complications are recurrent or persistent and respond best to removal of the implant. Removal of the 91Z requires special technique to avoid traumatizing the eye. The design, materials, testing, manufacture, and recall of the 91Z needs close study to prevent another such problem prone lens from reaching widespread use.
Electrical Cataracts: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Van Johnson E , Kline Lanning B , Skalka Harold W 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A case report of electrically-Induced cataracts and a review of the literature is presented. Awareness of the possibility of this complication and screening of high-risk patients is stressed. The majority of cases respond well to surgery, but final visual acuity may be decreased secondary to retinal or optic nerve injury caused by the electrical current.
Transscleral Iridotomy Using a Neodymium: YAG Laser Operated Both With Standard Equipment and an Optical Fiber System - A Preliminary Report: Part II - Light and Electron Microscopic Findings
Authors: van der Zypen Eugen , Fankhauser Franz , Kwasniewska Sylwia 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We report the morphology of transscleral iridotomies applied to human cadaver eyes using a free-running Nd:YAG laser (pulse duration: 20 ms, pulse energy: 1.5-6 J) with and without a fiber optic system. The pigment epithelium, which represents the barrier to the aqueous humor for passing through the iris, is damaged and blasted away over great areas. The mesothelial layer at the anterior surface of the iris is also broken up by the laser beam. Using low pulse energies, the iris stroma is only partially damaged.
The destruction of the iris is caused by generation of heat due to absorption of radiated energy.
Herpetic Canalicular Obstruction
Authors: Harley Robison D , Stefanyszyn Mary A , Apt Leonard , Nelson Leonard B 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The viruses of primary herpes simplex, herpes zoster, chicken pox, and vaccinia may produce Inflammatory changes in the epithelial lining of the lacrimal canalicult, resulting in varying degrees of obstruction. Five cases are described and compared with previously reported cases. A review of the literature suggests that the association of ocular viral infections and canalicular complications may be more prevalent than previously suspected. The possible important role of antiviral agents is considered. Early recognition and intubation can often prevent permanent canalicular obstruction, but late cases may require the Jones tube procedure, conjunctivodacryocystorbinostomy.
Cataract Blindness in Africa
Authors: Foster Allen 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Of the estimated 17 million blind from cataract in the world, two to three million live in Africa, where manpower and material resources are inadequate to meet the increasing backlog of treatable blindness.
The training of primary health care workers to screen rural Africans for cataract, and of eye auxiliaries and general doctors to select patients and perform surgery, is essential.
Motivation for surgery will increase if eye services are made more accessible and reliable. This requires more motivated trained staff and appropriately equipped static eye facilities.
Subperiosteal Orbital Hematoma: Visual Recovery Following Delayed Drainage
Authors: Kersten Robert C , Rice Charles D 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Subperiosteal orbital hematomas are rare sequelae of blunt periorbital trauma. Visual loss in such cases is very infrequent, but reportedly irreversible, unless treated with early decompression. A 17-year-old boy developed marked visual loss secondary to an acutely developing traumatic subperiosteal orbital hematoma. Despite delayed referral surgical evacuation of the hematoma remarkably restored his vision. Postoperative clinical examination, fluorescein angiography, and electrophysiologic testing confirmed that a compressive optic neuropathy had caused the visual dysfunction.
Although immediate surgical decompression remains the treatment of choice for subperiosteal hematomas producing visual loss, this case demonstrates that the optic nerve may recover dramatically even after a prolonged period of dysfunction from compression.
A New Instrument for Nucleus Prolapse: Results and Surgical Technique
Authors: Newell Steven W , Parsley Teresa L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A new instrument for use in prolapsing a cataract nucleus into the anterior chamber during extracapsular cataract extraction is described. This instrument is a modification of the Kelman Blunt Irrigating Cystatome and the Youens Lens Manipulating Cannula. The tip is elongated, rounded, broadened, and set at an angle from the instrument shaft to enhance broad surface contact of the instrument tip with the nucleus equator. In a recent series of 100 consecutive cataract procedures it was possible to completely prolapse the nucleus into the anterior chamber in all but six cases. The surgical technique is described.
Ptosis and Dermatochalasis as Presenting Signs in a Case of Occult Primary Systemic Amyloidosis (AL)
Authors: Gonnering Russell S , Sonneland Paula R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Amyloidosis (AL) is a disease characterized by the extracellular deposition of a complex glycoprotein, part of which is derived from light chains of immunoglobulins. The ocular adnexa can be involved in both systemic primary amyloidosis (AL), usually associated with multiple myeloma or other immunologic disorders, or in a localized form without such systemic implications. We present the case report of a 65-yearold man in whom occult primary systemic amyloidosis (AL), associated with a monoclonal IgG-kappa gammopathy, occurred with presenting signs of ptosis and dermatochalasis secondary to infiltration of the extraocular and orbicularis oculi muscles with amyloid.
Total Facial Nerve Palsy Following Modified O'Brien Facial Nerve Block
Authors: Spaeth George L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A 78-year-old white male developed a total facial palsy immediately following a modified O'Brien facial nerve block utilizing mepivacaine 2%, 10 cc. There was no apparent complication at the time of the nerve block. The facial palsy persisted unchanged for three months, at which time recovery of function was first detectable. Recovery was clinically complete nine months after the palsy occurred. The presumed cause was direct trauma by the needle at the time of the injection.
The Effect of a Collagen Bandage Lens on Corneal Wound Healing: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Aquavella James V , del Cerro Manuel , Musco Paul S , Ueda Shunsuke , DePaolis Michael D 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Collagen bandage lenses were inserted in 24 eyes of white New Zealand rabbits following 8-inclsion radial keratotomy. Specimens were examined at eight and 24 hours by light and electron microscopy. Treated eyes demonstrated more complete epithelial healing, as evidenced by surface microvilli and differentiation into multi-layers. In the treated eyes there was reduced stromal edema at the wound site, and reactive keratocytes were limited to the wound margins. Collagen bandage lenses therefore may be useful in the treatment of a variety of ocular surface problems.
Perforation of the Globe During the Injection of Local Anesthesia
Authors: Zaturansky Boris , Hyams Stanley 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Perforation of the globe occurred during injection of local anesthetic into the eyelids. No such occurrence has been reported, although there have been reports of perforation of the globe during retrobulbar injection (five cases), while injecting anesthetic around the superior rectus muscle (one case), and when placing the superior rectus bridle suture (four cases). The prognosis is good if the perforation is recognized and treated immediately. New methods of local anesthesia should greatly reduce the incidence of this complication.
A Case of Prostatic Carcinoma Metastatic to the Orbit Diagnosed by Fine Needle Aspiration and Immunoperoxidase Staining for Prostatic Specific Antigen
Authors: Kopelman Joel E , Shorr Norman 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A fine needle aspiration biopsy of the mass guided by computerized tomography was performed on a 65-year-old male with unilateral proptosis, inflammation, and diplopia in downgaze. Using an immunoperoxidase technique for prostatic specific antigen, the cytologic specimen stained positively. Subsequently, a needle biopsy of the prostate gland confirmed the presence of a moderately well-differentiated infiltrating carcinoma.
Oncocytic Carcinoma of the Plica Semilunaris With Orbital Extension
Authors: Gonnering Russell S , Sonneland Paul R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A 76-year-old male had orbital extension and regional lymph node involvement from an oncocytic carcinoma thought to have arisen in the plica semilunaris of the left eye. Declining early orbital exenteration and radical neck dissection, the patient received radiation therapy. Although initial palliation was achieved, the lesion recurred 1 year later, with massive orbital involvement. Despite exenteration and chemotherapy, the patient expired within 6 months.
Oncocytomas arise from transformed, epithelial cells, generally in the medial canthal region. Oncocytic carcinoma of the ocular adnexa is extremely rare and no such lesion of the plica semilunaris has been reported.
Implantation Growth of an Iris Melanocyte Lesion Simulating a Ciliary Body Melanoma
Authors: Kremer I , Weinberger D , Cohen S , Lusky M , Ben-Sira I 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A 59-year-old woman had a sectorial pigmented iris tumor in her right eye and was found to have secondary glaucoma unresponsive to medical therapy. Gonioscopy revealed a satellite tumor in the inferior chamber angle, which we suspected to be a ciliary body melanoma. Subsequently, both lesions were removed completely by superior total and inferior partial iridocyclectomy. Histologic examination disclosed a spindle cell nevus with surface plaque associated with a borderline epithelioid cell nevus. This case is an example of unexpected clinical findings that may be encountered in any iris melanocytic lesion, benign or malignant, and the consequent problems of diagnosis and management.
A New Infusion-Aspiration System for Extracapsular Cataract Surgery
Authors: Drews Robert C 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This new unit has the advantages of motorized aspiration with greater control and far less cost than a console unit. The instrument is small and light enough to fit comfortably in the surgeon's hand. For those who prefer a small light handpiece, the unit is available in two parts. It is simply designed like a manual aspiration system without the disadvantage of two-handed operation.
Plus Meridian Incision for Secondary Implantation
Authors: Karickhoff John R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We studied 25 consecutive secondary implantations with a minimum of 4 months follow-up to learn the effect on astigmatism of passing or not passing the incision through the most plus corneal meridian. Eighteen of the 19 cases having a most plus meridian incision had postoperative astigmatism of 1 diopter or less, and their average astigmatism was reduced by surgery. All six of the cases with the incision not passed through the most plus meridian had postoperative astigmatism greater than 1 diopter, and their average astigmatism was doubled by surgery. The astigmatic difference between the two patient groups was highly significant. A most plus meridian incision is recommended.
An Anterior Limbal Approach to Vitrectomy for the Surgical Management of Infectious Endophthalmitis
Authors: Davis Richard M , Rowsey J James , Jensen Harold G 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We present two cases illustrating a surgical approach to the diagnosis and treatment of infectious endophthalmitis following extracapsular cataract extraction with insertion of a posterior chamber lens. In both cases, a vitrectomy was initiated through a limbal approach after clearing the anterior chamber, thus allowing improved visualization of the vitreous cavity. The vitrectomy probe was then passed through a peripheral iridotomy, the peripheral posterior capsule and/or zonules, and into the anterior vitreous. The peripheral iridotomy allowed access to the vitreous cavity for an anterior vitrectomy. The entire anterior chamber and vitreous aspirate was then analyzed for culture and sensitivity. This technique minimizes the risks of pars plana vitrectomy for endophthalmitis by improving visualization and possibly decreasing the risk of retinal detachment.
Astigmatism After Cataract Surgery: Nylon Versus Mersilene
Authors: Drews Robert C 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
To find out if postoperative astigmatism decays less if Mersilene rather than nylon sutures are used, 25 patients had a standard wound closure with 10-0 nylon in one eye and 11-0 Mersilene in the other. There was no difference in the astigmatism decay over a 6-month period.
Preclinical Evaluation of a New Donor Corneal Trephination System
Authors: Allarakhia Liaquat , Skelnik Debra L , Aysta James E , Lindstrom Richard L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A new corneal trephination system developed by the University of Minnesota, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Care/3M features a corneal holder that orients and stabilizes the donor cornea during storage, transportation, and trephination. A gravity corneal punch, and disposable trephine and cutting block minimize corneal button irregularities that in other devices may contribute to postoperative astigmatism. This new system was compared with the Iowa Press by evaluating trephinated corneas on the basis of profile projectors. Buttons trephined from 10 pairs of human corneas stored in (CSM) preservation solution at 4° C were evaluated by measuring diameters and edge angles and correlating them with the trephine size used. In contrast with the Iowa Press, this new system produces corneal buttons that are consistently circular, parallel-edged, and identical in size to the trephine used.