bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fermentation Profile, Nutritional Value, and Microbial Population of C4 Grasses Silages with or Without Bacterial Additive
Authors: Bernardo Sarah E. E. , Chrisostomo Paulo H. B. , Camilo Michele G. , Baffa Danielle F. , Processi Elizabeth F. , Fernandes Alberto M. , de Oliveira Tadeu Silva 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the use of bacterial additive (Lactobacillus plantarum and Propionibacterium acidipropionici) on chemical composition, in vitro gas production, pH, losses, aerobic stability, and microbial population of corn, pearl millet, and sorghum silages in plastic bags silos (without vacuum). The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, in a 2 × 3 factorial scheme, with or without additive ([Control] without additive and Lactobacillus plantarum [2.5 × 1010 cfu/g] and Propionibacterium acidipropionici [2.5 × 1010 cfu/g] Biomax corn, Lallemand, Saint-Simon, France [LP]) and three crops of agricultural interest; pearl millet, sorghum, and corn, with four replicates per treatment. We performed chemical analyses and in vitro gas production to determine the nutritional value of the silages. We also evaluated the aerobic stability, ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3), pH, and microbial population of the silages. The additive increased the crude protein content (P = 0.0062) in corn and sorghum and decreased the LIG content (P = 0.0567). The gas production was not affected (P > 0.05) by the additive and neither between crops. In aerobic stability, we observed that the additive affected the temperature of the sorghum silage (P = 0.0123). The additive decreased NH3 (P = 0.0095) content. The additive increased (P = 0.0441) the lactic acid bacteria population in the pearl millet, corn, and sorghum silages. Thus, the bacterial additive did not improve the fermentation profile and nutritional value of corn, pearl millet, and sorghum silages in plastic bag silos.
Predictors of Teenage Pregnancy in Zambia Between 2007-2018
Authors: Packer Claire H. , Muntalima Nelly-Claire , Langer Ana , Mbizvo Michael T. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: In Zambia, 29% of adolescents aged 10-19 have begun childbearing. Early childbearing has been shown to have detrimental social and medical outcomes. As far as we are aware, there has been no study in Zambia that has investigated the drivers of teenage pregnancies over a 10-year period. Using DHS data, we sought to determine predictors of teenage pregnancies among teenagers in Zambia between the years of 2007 and 2018. Methods: We analyzed survey data of 11,194 adolescents from the 2007, 2014 and 2018 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), which are nationally representative. Analyses were conducted with Stata/SE software and we examined rates of teenage pregnancy based on multiple predictors of interest. Chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression models were employed for statistical comparison using a p-value of 0.05 to indicate statistical significance. Results:After exclusions, 11,194 adolescents under the age of 19 were included in our analysis, with a 29% prevalence of teenage pregnancy. Teenagers were more likely to become pregnant if they were married, had younger sexual debut, had less education, were illiterate, lived in rural areas, or were of the poorest wealth index than if they were not. Among adolescents with teenage pregnancies, utilization of sexual and reproductive health services among teen mothers significantly increased between 2007 and 2018. On multivariate analysis, teenage pregnancy was found to be significantly different given predictors when compared to the reference group, with significant effect modification due to marital status. Conclusion: Our study identified significant demographic, intrapersonal, and socioeconomic factors that have impacted rates of teenage pregnancy in Zambia over the past 10 years. Understanding these drivers can inform programmatic interventions targeting reduction of teenage pregnancies.
A Novel Coumarin-Based Fluorescent Probe With Aggregation Induced Emission for Detecting Cn− and Its Applications in Bioimaging
Authors: Deng Sha , Lei Qiao , Cai Junzhe , Jiang Yuliang , Shen Jian 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Although cyanogen ion (CN-) plays important role in industry which also bring acute environmental pollution. More serious, trace CN- enters the human body can cause serious consequences and even death. Therefore, it is of great significance to detect trace CN- with high sensitivity. Herein, a novel aggregation-induced emission (AIE) probe C-BH was synthesized based on coumarin matrix. Probe C-BH showed high selectivity and sensitivity toward CN- by dual channel response due to the excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT). The low detection limit was calculated to be 0.05 µM. Moreover, probe C-BH was successfully used for imaging CN- in living cells and zebrafish due to its low toxicity and excellent optical properties.
Influence of Crossbreeding of Ghezel Ram With Grey Shirazi Ewe on Growth Performance, Feed Efficiency and Carcass Traits of Fattening Lambs
Authors: Karimi Abdolhamid , Abarghuei Mohammad Javad , Boostani Alidad 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this investigation, performance, feed efficiency and carcass traits of 48 weaned crossbred Grey Shirazi × Ghezel and purbred Grey Shirazi fattening lambs (mean live weight, 28.5 ± 0.5 kg and age, 115 ± 5 days) were evaluated. Lambs were divided into 4 groups contain the GM group (12 purebred male lambs of Grey Shirazi ewe × Grey Shirazi ram), the GF group (12 purebred female lambs of Grey Shirazi ewe × Grey Shirazi ram), the CM group (12 crossbred male lambs of Grey Shirazi ewe × Ghezel ram) and the CF group (12 crossbred female lambs of Grey Shirazi ewe × Ghezel ram). The dry matter intakes (DMI), average daily gain (ADG) and carcass traits in the lambs were determined. The DMI was greater in CF lambs compared to GF lambs (P < 0.001). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was higher in male lambs comparing to female lambs (P = 0.001). The final body weight, ADG, live weight at the slaughtering and hot carcass weight (HCW) were lower in GF lambs compared to another lambs (P < 0.001, P = 0.003). Cold carcass weight (CCW) in CM lambs was higher than in other groups. The Longissimus dorsi (LD) area was higher in crossbreed male lambs (P = 0.001). Crossbreeding improved grow performance (final body weight and ADG) in male and female lambs. Carcass trait was improved by crossbreeding especially in male lambs. Sex effect on growth performance and carcass traits was noticeable and male lambs had superior growth.
Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Clinically Isolated Bacteria at Wolaita Sodo University Teaching Referral Hospital
Authors: Anjulo Temesgen , Seid Habtamu , Sidamo Temesgen , Balcha Tamrat , Abiso Temesgen Lera 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Antibiotic resistance is a serious threat to the human populations everywhere. However, less attention is given to its concern in sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. There is information gap for the prescribers regarding antibiotic resistance and its pattern. The aim of this study was to review the antimicrobial resistance pattern of bacteria in Wolaita Sodo University Teaching Referral Hospital. Methods: Three years retrospective data of cultures and records of 330 patients were used to analyze the antibiotic sensitivity pattern. The statistical softwares including Epidata 3.5.1 and SPSS version 21 were used. Laboratory records lacking age, sex, culture isolation or drug susceptibility test data were excluded. Results: Out of 330 samples extracted from the microbiology laboratory, 150 samples were culture positive for bacteria isolates. From positive culture growth, 73.3% were gram positive bacteria whereas 26.7% were gram negative. Staphylococcus aureus was the most prevalent isolate among gram-positive isolates as Escherichia coli was for gram negative isolates. Overall antimicrobial resistance of gram positive isolates was 54.2% where as that of gram negative bacteria was 60.0%.Conclusion: As per this study, S. aureus and E. coli were the pathogenic isolates of highest prevalence among gram positive and gram-negative bacteria, respectively, in the study population. Most of the isolated pathogens showed high resistance towards the commonly prescribed antimicrobial agents.
Novel Mutations Detected from Drug Resistant Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Isolated from North East of Thailand
Authors: Thwe Ei Phoo , Namwat Wises , Pinlaor Porntip , Rueangsak Kulrattana , Sangka Arunnee 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis is a major global public health threat. Thailand is one of the top 14 countries with high tuberculosis, tuberculosis co-infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and multi-drug resistant tuberculosis rates. Immediate detection of drug-resistant tuberculosis is necessary to reduce mortality and morbidity by effectively providing treatment to ameliorate the formation of resistant strains. Limited data exist of mutation profiles in Northeastern Thailand. Here, 65 drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates were used to detect mutations by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing. In the katG gene, mutations occurred in 47(79.7%) among 59 isoniazid resistant samples. For rpoB gene, 31 (96.9%) were observed as mutations in 32 rifampicin resistant isolates. Of 47 katG mutation samples, 45 (95.7%) had mutations in katG 315 codon and 2 (4.3%) showed novel mutations at katG 365 with amino acid substitution of CCG-CGG (Pro-Arg). Moreover, 18 (58.1%) mutations at rpoB 531, 11 (35.5%) mutations at rpoB 516, 10 (32.3%) mutations at rpoB 526 and 1 (3.2%) mutation at rpoB 533 were found between 31 rifampicin resistant samples. Common and novel mutations of the rpoB and katG genes in Northeastern Thailand were generated. DNA sequencing showed high accuracy, while conventional polymerase chain reaction could be applied as an initial marker for screening rifampicin and isoniazid drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Northeastern Thailand. Mutations reported here should be considered when developing new molecular diagnostic methods for implementation in Northeastern Thailand.
Antiphospholipid Antibodies in Patients with Covid-19: Trend Over Time
Authors: Mancuso Silvia , Truglia Simona , Sorice Maurizio , Alessandri Cristiano , Pasquali Flavia , Capozzi Antonella , Riitano Gloria , Mastroianni Claudio Maria , Riccieri Valeria , Misasi Roberta , Conti Fabrizio 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose Aim of the study was to investigate whether aPL positivity correlated with thrombosis in COVID-19 patients and whether it was transient or persistent. Methods We enrolled COVID-19 patients who underwent aPL tests: Lupus Anticoagulant (LA); IgM, IgG, IgA anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL); and IgM, IgG anti-β2-Glycoprotein-I antibodies (aβ2GPI). Results Twenty-eight out of 73 (38.4%) patients resulted positive for at least one aPL assay: 32.8% for IgA aCL, 6.8% for IgM aCL and 4.1% for IgM aβ2GPI. No patients tested positive for IgG aPL or LA at the first determination. Seven (9.6%) patients developed thrombotic events during hospitalization, with 4 of them resulting positive for aPL. In patients with thrombotic events during hospitalization the risk of death was increased 9-fold (LR+8.9, p=0.003). Patients with double positivity for aCL and aβ2GPI IgM had a LR+ of 6.3 to have thrombotic events (p=0.012) and a LR+ of 4.9 to have elevated D-dimer levels (p=0.027). In 10 out of 28 positive patients, aPL was detected in a second occasion at least 12-weeks apart and two patients confirmed the positivity. Conclusion Results suggest that double positivity for aCL and aβ2GPI IgM increases the risk of thrombosis in COVID-19, unlike IgA aCL positivity. APL positivity may be persistent, and it is advisable to monitor it over time.
Dynamic Landscape of Mitochondrial Cytidine-To-Uridine RNA Editing in Tobacco (Nicotiana Tabacum) Shows its Tissue Specificity
Authors: Fang Jing , Jiang Xiaohan , Wang Tengfei , Deng Zhiyu , Zhang Aidi , Zhang Xiujun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The Cytidine-to-Uridine (C-to-U) RNA editing is a prevalent nucleoside modification at RNA level in plants. However, it is unclear whether the dynamics of C-to-U RNA editing is related to its tissues. In this study, we explored the tissue specificity of mitochondrial RNA editing based on RNA-seq data from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) root, stem, leaf, and flower tissues. As a result, a total of 331 RNA editing sites involving in 54 mitochondrial genes were identified. Among these identified RNA editing sites, 78 sites were confirmed tissues-specific. The results revealed dynamic landscape of conserved editing sites in editing efficiency among different tissues. To investigate the mechanism of tissue specificity of mitochondrial RNA editing in Nicotiana tabacum, the expression of RNA editing factor PPR genes was analyzed. The result shows that the expression level of PPR genes in each tissue also varies from different tissues, indicating the heterogeneity of RNA editing in different tissues might result from the tissue specificity of PPR genes expression. Our analyses provide insights into understanding landscape, regulation and function of RNA editing events in plants.
COVID-19: Factors Associated with Psychol­­­ogical Distress, Fear, and Coping Strategies among Community Members Across 17 Countries
Authors: Rahman Muhammad Aziz , Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful , Tungpunkom Patraporn , Sultana Farhana , Alif Sheikh M , Banik Biswajit , Salehin Masudus , Joseph Bindu , Lam Louisa , Watts Mimmie Claudine , Khan Sabria Jihan , Ghozy Sherief , Chair Sek Ying , Chien Wai Tong , Schoenfeldt-Lecuona Carlos , El-Khazragy Nashwa , Mahmud Ilias , Mawali Adhra Hilal Al , Maskari Turkiya Saleh Al , Alharbi Rayan Jafnan , Hamza Amr , Keblawi Mohamad Ali , Hammoud Majeda , Elaidy Asmaa M , Susanto Agus Dwi , Moni Ahmed Suparno Bahar , AlQurashi Alaa Ashraf , Ali Almajdoub , Wazib Amit , Sanluang Cattaliya Siripattarakul , Elsori Deena H , Yasmin Farhana , Taufik Feni Fitrani , Kloub Manal Al , Ruiz Mara Gerbabe , Elsayed Mohamed , Eltewacy Nael Kamel , Laham Nahed Al , Oli Natalia , Abdelnaby Ramy , Dweik Rania , Thongyu Ratree , Almustanyir Sami , Rahman Shaila , Nitayawan Sirirat , Al-Madhoun Sondos , Inthong Suwit , Alharbi Talal Ali , Bahar Tamanna , Ginting Tribowo Tuahta , Cross Wendy M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: The current pandemic of COVID-19 impacted the psychological wellbeing of populations globally. Objectives: We aimed to examine the extent and identify associated factors of psychological distress, fear of COVID-19, and coping.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study across 17 countries during Jun-2020 to Jan-2021. Levels of psychological distress (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale), fear of COVID-19 (Fear of COVID-19 Scale), and coping (Brief Resilient Coping Scale) were assessed. Results: A total of 8,559 people participated; mean age (±SD) was 33(±13) years, 64% were females and 40% self-identified as frontline workers. More than two-thirds (69%) experienced moderate-to-very high levels of psychological distress, which was 46% in Thailand and 91% in Egypt. A quarter (24%) had high levels of fear of COVID-19, which was as low as 9% in Libya and as high as 38% in Bangladesh. More than half (57%) exhibited medium to high resilient coping; the lowest prevalence (3%) was reported in Australia and the highest (72%) in Syria. Being female (AOR 1.31 [95% CIs 1.09-1.57]), perceived distress due to change of employment status (1.56 [1.29-1.90]), comorbidity with mental health conditions (3.02 [1.20-7.60]) were associated with higher levels of psychological distress and fear. Doctors had higher psychological distress (1.43 [1.04-1.97]), but low levels of fear of COVID-19 (0.55 [0.41-0.76]); nurses had medium to high resilient coping (1.30 [1.03-1.65]). Conclusions: The extent of psychological distress, fear of COVID and coping varied by country; however, some groups were more vulnerable than others. There is an urgent need to prioritise health and well-being of these people through well-designed intervention that may need to be tailored to meet country specific requirements.
WITHDRAWN: Diagnosis of Gout is not Associated with Growth of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Authors: Thanigaimani Shivshankar , Phie James , Quigley Frank , Bourke Michael , Bourke Bernie , velu Ramesh , Golledge Jonathan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
IntroductionGout is a systemic inflammatory disease which has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events but its association with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) progression is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of gout with growth of small AAA. MethodsPatients with initial AAA diameter measuring 30-54mm were recruited from surveillance programs at four Australian centres. Maximum AAA diameter was measured with a standardised and reproducible protocol to monitor AAA growth. Presence of gout was defined by clinical diagnosis by clinician or prescription of medications used to treat gout. Linear mixed effects modelling was performed to examine the independent association of gout with AAA growth. ResultsA total of 637 participants, including 66 (10.3%) diagnosed with gout, received a median of 4 (Inter-quartile range (IQR): 3, 6) scans over a median follow-up of 1.8 (IQR: 1.0, 3.0) years. In unadjusted analyses, participants with diagnosis of gout had a slower mean annual AAA growth of -0.3 mm/year (95% CI: -0.7, 0.2; p=0.25) than those without gout. After adjusting for potential confounders including initial AAA diameter, body mass index, prior stroke and anti-hypertensive medication prescription, gout was not significantly associated with AAA growth (-0.3 mm/year; 95% CI: -0.7, 0.2; p=0.24). Sensitivity analyses investigating the impact of initial AAA diameter on the association of gout with AAA growth found no interaction. ConclusionThis study suggests diagnosis of gout is not associated with growth of small AAA.
Effect of Glioma Stem Cells-derived Extracellular Vesicles on Glucose Metabolism Reprogramming in Glioma via the miR-26a/KLF4/PI3K/Akt axis
Authors: Jia Jiaoying , Peng Yong , Wang Ming , Ma Wenjia , Liu Min , Zhang Mingming , Yu Mengqiang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundGlioma represents one of the most intractable malignancy occurring in central nervous system. Glioma stem cells (GSCs) constitute a type of seed cells with self-renewal and multi-directional differentiation potentials. This study investigated the mechanism of GSCs-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in glucose metabolism reprogramming in glioma.MethodsGlioma cells were treated with different concentrations (10, 20 and 30 μg/mL) of GSCs-EVs. Glucose consumption and lactic acid and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production were measured and expressions of key enzymes in glycolysis pathway (PFK1, HK2 and PKM2) were detected. The proliferation, invasion and migration of glioma cells were measured. miR-26a expression in GSCs-EVs-treated cells was detected. The targeting relationship between miR-26a and KLF4 was predicted and verified. The phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt were detected. Glioma cells were co-incubated with GSCs-EVs and pcDNA-KLF4 to verify the role of PI3K/Akt pathway in glucose metabolism reprogramming.ResultsGlucose consumption and lactic acid and ATP production were promoted, and expressions of PFK1, HK2 and PKM2 were increased in GSCs-EVs-treated cells. GSCs-EVs facilitated proliferation, invasion and migration of glioma cells. miR-26a expression was enhanced in GSCs-EVs-treated cells. GSCs-EVs carried miR-26a into glioma cells and promoted glucose metabolism reprogramming. miR-26a inhibitor reduced the promoting effect of GSCs-EVs on glucose metabolism reprogramming. miR-26a repressed KLF4 expression and activated the PI3K/Akt pathway in glioma cells.ConclusionmiR-26a carried by GSCs-EVs promoted glucose metabolism reprogramming in glioma via targeting KLF4 and activating the PI3K/Akt pathway. This study may offer new insights for targeted intervention of glioma.
Targeting the Radiation-Induced ARv7-Mediated circNHS/miR-512-5p/XRCC5 Signaling With Quercetin Signaling Increases Prostate Cancer Radiosensitivity
Authors: Chen Dong , Chou Fu-Ju , Chen Yuhchyau , Tian Hao , Wang Yaqin , Niu Yuanjie , Huang Chiping , You Bosen , Yeh Shuyuan , Xing Nianzeng , Chang Chawnshang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundRadiation therapy (RT) with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is an effective therapy to suppress the locally advanced prostate cancer (PCa). However, we unexpected found that RT could also inducing the androgen receptor splice variant 7 (ARv7) expression to decrease the radiosensitivity. MethodsThe study was designed to target ARv7 expression with Quercetin or ARv7-shRNA led to enhancing increase the radiation sensitivity to better suppress the PCa that involved the modulating the circNHS/miR-512-5p/XRCC5 signaling.ResultsMechanism studies revealed that RT-induced ARv7 may function via altering the circNHS/miR-512-5p/XRCC5 signaling to decrease the radiosensitivity. Results from preclinical studies using multiple in vitro cell lines and in vivo mouse models concluded that combining RT with small molecule of Quercetin to target full-length AR and ARv7 could lead to better efficacy to suppress PCa progression. Conclusion﻿Together, these results suggest that ARv7 may play key roles to alter the PCa radiosensitivity, and targeting this newly identified ARv7 mediated circNHS/miR-512-5p/XRCC5 signaling with Quercetin may help us to develop a novel RT to better suppress the progression of PCa.
Total Replacement of Millet Silage with BRS-716 Biomass Sorghum Silage in Crossbred Dairy Heifers Diets: Nutrient Intake and Digestibility, Microbial Protein Synthesis, Ingestive Behavior, and Growth Performance
Authors: Hora Fernanda Ferreira da , Júnior Vicente Ribeiro Rocha , Monção Flávio Pinto , Rigueira João Paulo Sampaio , Cordeiro Matheus Wilson Silva , Cruz Fernanda Naiara Fogaça da , Souza Ícaro Daniel Alves dos Santos , Alencar Amanda Maria Silva , Albuquerque Carlos Juliano Brant , Leal Dijair Barbosa 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This study addressed the different proportions of millet and sorghum silage biomass BRS 716 (BRS-716 silage) in the diet of crossbred heifers ½ to ¾ Holstein x Zebu on their nutrient intake, and digestibility, microbial protein synthesis, nitrogen balance, ingestive behavior, and growth performance. Five experimental diets with 0, 25/75, 50/50, 75/25, and 100% of BRS-716 silage in compared to millet silage were evaluated. The roughage: concentrate ratio in the total dry matter (DM) of the diets was 75:25. The diets were evaluated in ten heifers with an initial body weight of 264.95 ± 19.4 kg (± SEM), following the experimental design in two 5 x 5 Latin squares, simultaneously. The increase in the proportion of BRS-716 silage in the diet of crossbred dairy heifers did not change the dry matter intake (DMI), total digestible nutrients, indigestible neutral detergent fiber (iNDFI), and metabolizable energy. The means observed for DMI, and iNDFI were 7.85 kg/day, and 1.18 kg/day, respectively. For the excretion of purine derivatives, and microbial synthesis, there was no significant effect (P > 0.05), the mean microbial crude protein synthesis was 503.37 g/day. The different proportions of the BRS-716 silage, and millet silage did not change the final body weight (P = 0.89), weight gain (P = 0.08), feed efficiency (P = 0.50), and the body measurements of heifers (P > 0.05). The final body weight and average daily gain of heifers were 278.46 kg, and 0.795 kg/day, respectively. The millet silage, and BRS-716 silage in the diet of crossbred Holstein x Zebu heifers, used exclusively or combined in different proportions, allow dry matter intake, and nutrients, digestibility, nitrogen balance, microbial crude protein synthesis, ingestive behavior, and performance similar body.