bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stream or Discharge: Using the Hydrosocial Cycle to Explore the Meanings of the Waimapihi Stream in Te Whanganui-a-Tara-Wellington, Aotearoa-New Zealand
Authors:   , McLean Sylvie 
Published: December 2021

<p>Aotearoa-New Zealand’s urban streams are complex and diverse but have been degraded and neglected for years. For the most part, hegemonic management regimes are technocratic, separating streams into discrete parts, and thus have failed to improve or maintain the state of urban streams. The hydrosocial cycle is a way of exploring streams that takes account of whole systems, flows of water, more than humans, infrastructure and technology, and the social structures and institutions that make up water. The framework has been used to study the impacts of urbanisation on water around the world, including issues around stormwater, wastewater, water supply, and rivers, but it has rarely been used to study buried urban streams. This research uses a case study of the Waimapihi Stream in Te Whanganui-a-Tara-Wellington, Aotearoa-New Zealand to explore how the hydrosocial cycle could be used to understand urban streams. A hydrosocial approach, alongside a more-than-human methodology, demonstrated the varying meanings of the stream, including those of the different phases along its length. Connections to the buried section of the Waimapihi arose through the presence of fish, physical markers, and stories, but there was dissatisfaction with the extent of these. As a result, alternative methods of connection such as windows to the stream and areas of it to be daylighted were explored. A hydrosocial approach enabled an examination of meanings and values of the Waimapihi Stream; to encourage critical analysis of how streams are defined and how they are managed. This demonstrated that the hydrosocial cycle provides a valuable framework for understanding urban streams, as it encompasses the various components that make up urban streams and is flexible enough to explore the diversity between and within them. Key words: Hydrosocial cycle, more-than-human, stormwater, wastewater, urban streams, Te Whanganui-a-Tara-Wellington, Aotearoa-New Zealand.</p>
Software-Defined Network Application for Inter-domain Routing in Transit ISPs
Authors:   , Truong Huu Trung 
Published: December 2021

<p>Today, the Internet plays an vital part in our society. We rely greatly on the Internet to work, to communicate and to entertain. The Internet is a very large and complex computer network, consisting of tens of thousands of networks called autonomous systems (ASes). The key routing protocol for interdomain routing between ASes, Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), was invented three decades ago. Although BGP has undergone many improvements, many fundamental problems and limitations of BGP still exist today. For instance, BGP does not have the resiliency to attacks and good support for traffic engineering. To date, many evolutionary and revolutionary solutions have been proposed to address these problems. However, very few were adopted. While there are many reasons for this limited adoption, one may blame for the lack of deployability, scalability and more importantly adequate functionality. SDN is a new networking paradigm that decouples the control plane and data plane. SDN breaks the ossification of the Internet and enables network innovations. SDN has been thoroughly investigated for the enterprise environment. This research investigates the application of SDN for interdomain routing in transit ASes. Specifically, the main goal is to study how SDN capabilities can be utilised to develop a scalable, programmable and flexible routing architecture for transit ISPs.</p>
The prophet, the mother, the avenger: An examination of Gaia's cult worship and the "bricolage" in her myth
Authors:   , Draper Eilish 
Published: December 2021

<p>This thesis is a study of the cult of the Greek goddess Gaia (Gē). Gaia’s cult has long been interpreted by scholars though the lens of her mythical roles. She featured in literature as the mother of the Titans, as an oracular goddess at Delphi, and as the mythical mother of Erichthonios; she is also a force that watched over curses and oaths. Her cult has been most strongly associated with Delphi, where she was part of the Previous Owners myth, a tradition that made her the primary goddess at Delphi before Apollo took over. She is also strongly associated with Athens, where almost all of our literary evidence comes from. Early 20th century scholarship characterised Gaia as a universally-worshipped “Mother Earth” figure; more specifically, she has been identified as the Greek version of the Anatolian Mother Goddess, Kybele. Gaia’s cult worship as an oracular goddess and as a mother figure is overstated, and I argue that these associations are examples of confirmation bias. In this thesis, I examine the sources for both myth and cult to establish where the boundaries lie between the two, both through re-examination of the primary sources and through a critical appraisal of secondary discussions. To compare, I examine the positive evidence for Gaia’s cult, with a particular focus on the epigraphical evidence, including a 5th century BCE statue base and inscriptions from the 4th century BCE that describe a ἱερόν of Gaia at Delphi and Attic deme calendars that provide sacrifices to Gaia, some of which are expensive. Further evidence is offered by Pausanias and Plutarch, who attest to a sanctuary of Gaia at Delphi in the 1st and 2nd centuries CE, cults of Gē Kourotrophos and Gē Themis in Athens, and other cults of Gaia elsewhere. I also explore the significance of Gaia as the mother of Ericthonios, the autochthonous founder of Athens, in myth and Athenian literature. I conclude that Gaia was not worshipped at Delphi before the 5th century BCE. Gaia was receiving cult worship in Athens from the 5th century BCE in the form of deme sacrifices. Also in Athens, Gaia’s worship as Gē Themis appears arounds the 4th century BCE, while Pausanias attests to a temple of Gē Kourotrophos on the acropolis. Before the time of Pausanias, Kourotrophos appears to be a separate deity. Finally, I conclude that Gaia rarely receives cult worship under the epithet “Meter” and cannot be identified as the Greek version of Anatolian Kybele.</p>
Fungsi Implikatur Percakapan pada Tuturan Para Pelaku Talk Show Hotman Paris Show Unggahan Youtube 2020
Authors: Suroso Eko , Fathonah Siti 
Published: December 2021

Ketika peneliti melihat acara talk show Hotman Paris Show di youtube Januari 2020, peneliti menemukan tuturan Kamu diundang ke sini sebatas entertaiment kalau saya terima kado dari kamu, nanti saya seolah saya menghianati klien saya. Jadi kita hanya diskusi sebatas dunia akting tidak membahas kasus makanya pertama suara kamu kok bikin jangkrik bangun. Pada tuturan itu tampak adanya implikatur percakapan dengan fungsi menyatakan. Fungsi implikatur percakapan yang lain juga peneliti temukan pada beberapa percakapan yang berbeda. Permasalahan yang kemudian muncul adalah Fungsi Implikatur apa sajakah yang terdapat pada Para Pelaku Talk Show Hotman Paris Show Unggahan Youtube 2020? Impilikatur adalah penggunaan makna dibalik makna yang harfiah (makna non natural). Fungsi tuturan adalah Tuturan yang disampaikan penutur dengan maksud tersirat kepada mitra tutur. Fungsi tuturan itu ada tiga yaitu menyatatakan, menanyakan, dan menyuruh. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Data penelitian ini adalah tuturan Para Pelaku Talk Show Hotman Paris Show. Teknik pengambilan data dilakukan dengan teknik simak bebas libat cakap. Analisis data dilakukan dengan teknik padan pragmatik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tuturan para pelaku pada Talk Show Hotman Paris Show memiliki tiga fungsi implikatur percakapan yaitu fungsi menyatakan (Terbanyak), menanyakan (Cukup banyak), dan memerintah (sedikit).
Features of CD-­­phenotype of peripheral blood lymphocytes in adult patients with atopic dermatitis during the exacerbation
Authors: Aleksandruk O.D. 
Published: December 2021

Objective — to study the dynamics of peripheral blood lymphocytic populations in adult patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) with the onset of the disease in childhood, depending on the level of IgE secretion and the method of treatment.
Materials and methods. We examined 67 adult patients with AD, which were divided into 4 groups depending on the level of total serum IgE and the basic treatment or treatment in combination with Glycine and Ketotifen. The severity of AD was determined by the SCORAD index. The content of peripheral blood lymphocytes according to the phenotype CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, CD65+, HLADR+ and CD95+ was assessed during hospitalization of patients, at the end of the inpatient stage of treatment and after 1 month of outpatient follow-up. The obtained data were compared with the indices of the control group and between the groups of examined patients with AD in the dynamics of their treatment and observation. The results were processed statistically using the methods of parametric and nonparametric statistics.
Results and discussion. The indices of the number of cells of peripheral lymphocytic populations of different CD pheno­type in the groups in the dynamics of observation were determined, their relationship with the severity of the course of AD was established, and differences were found depending on the pathogenetic variant of AD. Against the background of an exacerbation of AD, a significant increase in the number of cells in most of the defined populations was revealed, with its gradual decrease as the clinical manifestations of AD subsided. It was established that 1 month after achievement of clinical/subclinical remission, a part of the peripheral blood lymphocytic populations was characterized by higher values compared to the norm. In patients with an IgE-dependent AD variant, aggravation is accompanied by high levels of peripheral lymphocytes with CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD19+ and HLA-DR phenotypes, which more often than in the case of an IgE-independent variant of AD, remain above the norm after 1 month of outpatient monitoring. Introduction of glycine and ketotifen to the treatment complex for patients with AD is accompanied by a faster return of peripheral lymphocyte cells to normal values, which is more evident in patients with an IgE-dependent variant of AD.
Conclusions. In adult AD patients, the dynamics of the number of peripheral lymphocyte population cells depends on the severity of the disease, its pathogenetic variant and the treatment received by the patient. Against the background of the use of glycine and ketotifen, the normalization of indicators of peripheral lymphocytic populations occurs significantly faster than with only standard basic therapy.
Safety and clinical efficacy of bilastine in reduction of pruritus in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria
Authors: Bogomolov A.Ye. 
Published: December 2021

Objective — to evaluate the efficacy/safety of bilastine in relieving pruritus in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria.
Materials and methods. This prospective randomized study included 50 adult patients aged 18 to 59 years with chronic spontaneous urticaria and pruritus with an intensity of more than 4 points by the visual analog scale of pruritus assessment in the last 3 days and more than 16 points by the Urticaria activity score 7 (UAS7) which assessed chronic urticaria intensity for the last week.Patients received bilastine orally at a dose of 20 mg once a day for 8 weeks. Patients who did not respond to therapy within the first 2 weeks subsequently received bilastine at a dose of 40 mg per day (two 20 mg tablets) till the end of the study (for 6 weeks).
Results and discussion. The mean age of patients was 39.61 years with standard deviation (SD) of 12.33 years. In the group of patients who responded positively to the initial therapy, within 8 weeks, the pruritus intensity scoring level decreased significantly to 0.46 (95 % CI: 0.14—0.78) points (p < 0.05). The patients who received a double dose of bilastine also revealed a decrease in the intensity of pruritus and on average on the 8th week of treatment had 0.48 (95 % CI: 0.26—0.70) points (p < 0.05).The study reported 14 adverse events (AE) that occurred during bilastine treatment in 10 (23.8 %) patients. All of them were classified as mild and the most common was headache, registered in 12 (85.7 %) cases. No moderate or severe AEs were reported during the study.
Conclusions. 8 week treatment with bilastine has demonstrated proven clinical efficacy both in reducing the urticaria activity index according to UAS7 and in reducing the intensity of pruritus in the absence of moderate and severe AEs. Patients who did not respond to starting therapy after doubling the bilastine dose also significantly decreased the urticaria activity index according to UAS7 and reduced the intensity of pruritus. At the same time, increasing the dose of the drug did not lead to an increase in the frequency of AEs.
Awareness and knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases among population in Georgia (epidemiological survey)
Authors: Shvelidze M. , Durglishvili N. , Kvirkvelia V. , Gagua G. , Kolyadenko К. 
Published: December 2021

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs), often known as sexually transmitteddiseases, are still a major public health concern across the world. According to WHO estimates, sexually transmitted diseases (STIs) have an annual incidence of 357 million cases among which chlamydia (131 million), gonorrhoea (78 million), syphilis (5.6 million) and trichomoniasis (143 million), half of those among young people aged 15—24. Every day, almost one million people worldwide develop an STI, and the majority of them are ignorant of their infection status, making them a source of infection for others. The frequency and consequences of this on the health and socioeconomic condition of whole nations, particularly African countries, have long been regarded as a serious emergency. The epidemiology of STIs, the history and physical findings, screening standards, and the overall approach to combat STIs are all covered in this article. Infections covered in terms of causation, epidemiology, and risk factors include gonorrhea, Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas vaginalis, syphilis and trichomoniasis. For a variety of reasons, the worldwide illness burden represented by STI remains unclear. First, many STIs are asymptomatic; second, diagnostic procedures are unavailable in some of the most affected nations; and finally, surveillance systems are non-existent or very poor in many parts of the world. According to the World Health Organization, there were 340 million new cases of syphilis, gonorrhoea, chlamydia infection, and trichomoniasis in 1999. In the European Union, there has been an increase in the incidence of gonorrhoea and syphilis in recent years. The survey instrument was an online self-administered anonymous questionnaire conducted in Georgia using Google survey software, which automatically populates and saves digital responses to a secure database protecting participant confidentiality throughout the surveying process. The survey was conducted in 2019. The opportunity to participate in the questionnaire was one-time. The question naire for this study was developed based on a review of literature.Health education, early diagnosis and treatment, screening for asymptomatic infections, contact inquiry, and immunization for illnesses for which a vaccine is available should all be used in STI prevention and control. In general, the studies reported low levels of knowledge and awareness of sexually transmitted diseases. Although, as shown by some of the findings on condom use, knowledge does not always translate into behavior change, adolescents’ sex education is important for STD prevention, and the school setting plays an important role.
Pengaruh komunitas di MTs Mambaul Ulum Bata-Bata Kelas VIII terhadap kepribadian santri
Authors: Nafila Nafila , Budianto Ahmad Andry , Rahmawati Roro Kurnia Nofita 
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini dailaksanakan umtuk mengetahui pengaruh komunitas terhadap kepribadian santri. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ada kuantitatif dengan menggunakan regresi linier, adapaun hasil analisis yakni diperoleh nilai regresi sebesar 32,589 lebih yang besar dari pada r tabel sebesar 0,266 pada taraf signifikasi 0,05 dengan demikian maka dapat di interpretasikan jika “Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara Komunitas (Variabel X) terhadap kepribadian santri (Variabel Y)”. kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini Angka konstan dari unstandardized coefficients dalam penelitian ini nilainya sebesar 32,589. Angka ini merupakan angka konstan dengan mempunyai arti jika tidak ada nilai komunitas (X) maka kepribadian (Y) adalah 32,589. Angka koefisien regresi nilainya sebesar -140. Angka ini mengandung arti bahwa setiap penambahan 1% komunitas (X) maka kepribadian (Y) akan berkurang sebesar -140, Ada pengaruh negatif (-) antara variabel X dan variabel Y, Berdasarkan hasil analisis tersebut dapat di interpretasikan jika terdapat pengaruh adanya komunitas terhadap kepribadian santri.
Sociodemographic factors associated with Covid-19 in Canada
Authors: Mathew Swapna Susan , Zain Shadi 
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease or Covid-19 has caused more than 30 million documented infections and 1 million deaths worldwide as of Oct 2020. It was shown that several sociodemographic factors play a significant role in shaping the Covid-19 outcome and associated death rates across the globe. Thus the present study aims to study the sociodemographic parameters associated with the Covid-19 cases in Canada.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, the data was collected from the Official data repository present in Canada. The patients' data were evaluated and sociodemographic parameters were checked and recorded. After the data was recorded they are categorized based on the different states and statistical analysis was done.
RESULT:The present study reported that in Canada total cases as reported in the repository are 1,253,519 cases. This result indicates that maximum of the patients suffering from Covid-19 belonged to the younger age category. Compared to the males, females were more to suffer from Covid-19. Most of the patients who required hospitalization were in the 80+ year age group (28.5%). Only 1.7% of patients in the age group below 19 years are required to be hospitalized. The regional data variation showed that in Alberta female patients were more in all the age groups compared with the male patients. Saskatchewan also reported a higher number of death cases in older people. In Manitoba, in the younger age category (0-29 years) less number of female patients suffered Covid-19. Interestingly, this number reversed as the age group increased. In Ontario, 72.1% of people reported being admitted to ICU and required a ventilator. In British Columbia, the gender distribution showed no such difference among all the Covid-19 positive cases. In Quebec among the covid-19 positive cases, 47.2% were male and 52.8% were females.
CONCLUSION: Age is a significant predictor of Covid-19 mortality and patients from both genders aged more than 75 years and more need to provide more care and increased medical supervision to decrease the Covid-19 casualty.
INFLUENCE OF THE POROUS MEDIA ON HEAT EXCHANGE AT FILM BOILING LIQUID
Authors: Avramenko A.A. , Kovetskaya M.M. , Dmitrenko N.P. , Kovetska Yu.Yu. 
Published: December 2021

The present work focuses on a study of heat transfer during film boiling of a liquid on a vertical heated wall immersed in a porous medium subject to variation of different parameters of the porous medium and heating conditions at the wall. An analytical solution was obtained for the problem using Darcy-Brinkman-Forchheimer model. It was shown that heat transfer intensity during film boiling in a porous medium is weaker than in a free fluid (without porosity) and decreases with the decreasing permeability of the porous medium.
The use of a porous medium model in the Darcy-Brinkman-Forchheimer approximation showed the effect of the Forchheimer parameter on heat transfer during film boiling in a porous medium. An increase in the Forchheimer parameter leads to heat transfer deterioration, which is more significant at small values of the Darcy number. Effects of different thermal boundary conditions on the heated wall on the heat transfer are insignificant.
GLOBAL WARMING – PHYSICS AND GEOPOLITICS (Review) 3. Reduction of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions
Authors: Basok B.I. , Baseyev Ye.T. 
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Despite the global pandemic, reducing the negative effects of global warming and adapting to its devastating effects remains a pressing global problem. Its solution is actively taken care of by politicians, the world's leading scientific organizations and the expert community.
Problems. Political, economic, innovative, scientific, technical and social approaches and measures to reduce and/or neutralize climate change and adapt to warming are widely discussed. World organizations - IPCC, IEA, WMO, etc. are involved in solving the problems.
Goal. Assess the state of the problem, present the results of research and measures and tools for their implementation to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and/or adapt to their negative impact, in particular, in the energy sector - the largest producer of emissions. The main emphasis is on improving the energy efficiency of energy end-use, in particular, disseminating the experience of operational O&M (operation and maintenance) maintenance of passive buildings "zero-energy" in their energy supply from RES, as well as economic and financial leverage to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Materials and methods. Authoritative recent literature sources with analysis of approaches, measures and tools to reduce greenhouse gas emissions are used. Weather-dependent (climatic) maintenance of the diagnostic-demonstration passive house of the "zero-energy" type with continuous system monitoring of parameters of engineering systems and building constructions and meteorological environment is organized.
Results. Experience has been gained in the development and use of innovative energy-efficient technologies for energy supply of a demonstration passive house with O&M service by means of monitoring weather indicators and adaptation measures to climate change.
Conclusions. The accumulated experience in the development of innovative energy efficient energy supply technologies and adaptation measures to climate change in O&M maintenance of zero-energy ITTF building of the NAS of Ukraine can be used in energy, in particular in municipal energy, and for the development of low-carbon energy. The use of approaches related to the taxation of excessive greenhouse gas emissions, or taking into account the decarbonization of the economy of production of goods and services in export-import operations, will also help reduce global warming.