bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Osteopathic Manipulation Improves Functional Status in Patients With Non-Specific Chronic Back Pain in a Rural Outpatient Setting
Authors: Wilson Daniel J. , Gorham Jennie L. , Lamb Teri , Lui Shanliang , Daniel Todd 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Context
Osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) is a widely used methodology for the clinical treatment of spine-related pain. Recent reports have been especially positive regarding the use of OMT for chronic back pain. However, published reports have been focused on populations available within large university-based institutions, with rural-based hospitals and their clientele unrepresented within the professional literature

Objective
The objective of this multi-year study was to examine the effects of OMT on spine-related chronic pain and its effects on dimensions of functional ability in a rural setting served by a safety-net hospital.

Methods
In this study, 151 participants with chronic (&gt;6 months) spine-related pain (mean age 54.58 ± 11.88 years) completed at least 2 office visits. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) was used to assess 10 dimensions (pain intensity, personal care, lifting, walking, sitting, sleeping, standing, sex life, social life, and travel) and a total score of functional ability related to back pain.

Results
A 2-way mixed-model, repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) with time (pre- and post-office visit) as the within-participants factor and with sex as the between-participants factor resulted in a significant main effect from pretest to posttest, (F(1,149) = 67.12, P &lt; .001, η2p = .311), but not a significant interaction between time and gender, (F(1,149) = .426, P = .515, η2p = .003).

Conclusions
The results of this study support the hypothesis that OMT improved measures of functional ability related to pain intensity, unrelated to sex. The rural nature of the clinical setting provided a unique population for this study.
The Efficacy of Peroxide Solutions in Decreasing Cutibacterium acnes Burden Around the Shoulder
Authors: Meyer Lucy E. , Lazarides Alexander L. , Hendren Steph , Lassiter Tally , Klifto Christopher , Anakwenze Oke 
Published: August 2021

Background:

Cutibacterium acnes is a common pathogen associated with surgical site infection after shoulder surgery; current standard of care products are largely ineffective at reducing C acnes bacterial burden before surgery. The purpose of this systematic meta-analysis was to assess the efficacy of peroxide-containing solutions (PCS) in decreasing the C acnes burden on the shoulder.

Methods:
This was a systematic review of all level I and II studies investigating the effect of peroxidase-containing products for skin preparation. We extracted data regarding demographics, treatment details and timing, study methodology, and culture positivity. Forest plots were used to determine the pooled efficacy of peroxide solutions versus control.

Results:
Seven studies with 412 patients were eligible for inclusion. Notable heterogeneity was observed in the manner and timing of peroxide application. Two studies applied PCS at the time of surgery; four studies applied PCS in the 24- to 72-hour period leading up to culture acquisition. Compared with the placebo, peroxide significantly diminished C acnes culture positivity (Hazard Ratio 0.174, P = 0.009). When considering using peroxide-containing products in the period leading up to surgery or at the time of surgery, in addition to standard preparation, the addition of peroxide significantly diminished C acnes culture positivity (HR 0.467, P = 0.004). Owing to study heterogeneity, we could not make notable comparisons based on the timing or duration of benzoyl peroxides application.

Conclusions:
Despite heterogeneity in study design, pooled results of high-quality data suggest that the addition of PCS can markedly reduce C acnes bioburden. This review was not able to identify the ideal regimen for the utilization of PCS for reduction of C acnes burden.

Level of Evidence:
Level II
RACISMO ESTRUTURAL E SEUS EFEITOS NECROPOLÍTICOS NO ENSINO SUPERIOR: A APLICAÇÃO DA JUSTIÇA RESTAURATIVA COMO INSTRUMENTO DE EFETIVIDADE DA EDUCAÇÃO IGUALITÁRIA E DA JUSTIÇA SOCIORRACIAL
Authors: Tourinho Luciano De Oliveira Souza , Sotero Ana Paula Da Silva 
Published: August 2021

O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar a aplicabilidade das práticas restaurativas como instrumentos de efetividade da justiça sociorracial e da educação igualitária no ensino superior. Verifica-se que a incidência do racismo decorrente do processo histórico de exclusão dos negros revela a ineficácia da garantia da igualdade racial no espaço acadêmico. Nesse sentido, os modelos restaurativos surgem como mecanismo de transformação da educação superior em espaço de diálogo e conscientização, a fim de erradicar a incidência necropolítica do racismo. Para delinear a proposta teórica, o estudo fará abordagem dialética sobre as marcas do racismo estrutural e da necropolítica brasileira na contemporaneidade, a partir do resgate à memória da escravidão e uso de dados estatísticos sobre as desigualdades raciais no ensino superior, desmistificando os entraves da efetividade das políticas afirmativas. Ademais, a pesquisa utilizará abordagem crítico-reflexiva sobre a possibilidade do uso da Justiça Restaurativa nas universidades como instrumento de pacificação social.
Metabolic Effectiveness of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy in Morbid Obesity Treatment: Early and Mid-Term Results of a Single Center
Authors: KIRŞAN Mehmet Ali , KAFADAR Mehmet Tolga , OĞUZ Abdullah 
Published: August 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is to reveal the efficacy of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) in the preventable metabolic consequences of morbid obesity. We evaluated the weight loss according to body mass index (BMI), changes in comorbid diseases accompanying obesity in patients who underwent surgery in our clinic in the early and mid-period postoperatively, whether there was vitamin deficiency in the mid-term, and the complications associated with the surgery.
Methods: In this study, a total of 50 patients aged 18-60 who underwent LSG intervention due to morbid obesity between January 1, 2010 and December 2019 by Dicle University School of Medicine, General Surgery Clinic, were retrospectively evaluated. Sociodemographic data of the patients, preoperative BMI, postoperative 3th month, 6th month and 1st year BMI values, preoperative and postoperative 12th month HgA1c levels were measured. Mortality and complication rates were evaluated.
Results: The mean BMI of 50 patients at pre-LSG, postoperative 3rd month, 6th month and 1st year controls were respectively; 45.83±6.37, 37.63±5.88, 31.91±5.10 and 26.82±3.08kg/m2. Compared to before the intervention, the decrease in BMI was significant at the 3rd month, 6th month and 1st year controls (p
Crystal Symmetry Engineering in Epitaxial Perovskite Superlattices
Authors: Ding Xiang , Yang Baishun , Leng Huaqian , Jang Jae Hyuch , Zhao Junrui , Zhang Chao , Zhang Sa , Cao Guixin , Zhang Ji , Mishra Rohan , Yi Jiabao , Qi Dongchen , Gai Zheng , Zu Xiaotao , Li Sean , Huang Bing , Borisevich Albina , Qiao Liang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractInterface plays a critical role in determining the physical properties and device performance of heterostructures. Traditionally, lattice mismatch, resulting from the different lattice constants of the heterostructure, can induce epitaxial strain. Over past decades, strain engineering has been demonstrated as a useful strategy to manipulate the functionalities of the interface. However, mismatch of crystal symmetry at the interface is relatively less studied due to the difficulty of atomically structural characterization, particularly for the epitaxy of low symmetry correlated materials on the high symmetry substrates. Overlooking those phenomena restrict the understanding of the intrinsic properties of the as‐ determined heterostructure, resulting in some long‐standing debates including the origin of magnetic and ferroelectric dead layers. Here, perovskite LaCoO3‐SrTiO3 superlattice (SL) is used as a model system to show that the crystal symmetry effect can be isolated by the existing interface strain. Combining the state‐of‐art diffraction and electron microscopy, it is found that the symmetry mismatch of LaCoO3‐SrTiO3 SL can be tuned by manipulating the SrTiO3 layer thickness to artificially control the magnetic properties. The work suggests that crystal symmetry mismatch can also be designed and engineered to act as an effective strategy to generate functional properties of perovskite oxides.
High Antibacterial Activity and Selectivity of the Versatile Polysulfoniums that Combat Drug Resistance
Authors: Sun Jing , Li Min , Lin Min , Zhang Bo , Chen Xuesi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSulfonium‐ion‐containing polymers exhibit significant potential benefits for various applications. An efficient strategy to synthesize a type of antibacterial sulfonium‐ion‐bearing polypeptoids via a combination of ring‐opening polymerization and a post‐polymerization functionalization with various functional epoxides is presented. A systematic investigation is further performed in order to explore the influence of the overall hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance on the antimicrobial activity and selectivity of the prepared polysulfoniums. Notably, those chlorepoxypropane‐modified polysulfoniums with an optimized amphiphilic balance show higher selectivity toward both Gram‐negative Escherichia coli and Gram‐positive Staphylococcus aureus, than to red blood cells. The polymers also show great efficiency in inhibiting S. aureus biofilm formations, as well as in further eradicating the mature biofilms. Remarkably, negligible antibacterial resistance and cross‐resistance to commercial antibiotics is shown in these polymers. The polysulfoniums further show their potent in vivo antimicrobial efficacy in a multidrug‐resistant S. aureus infection model that is developed on mouse skin. Similar to the antimicrobial peptides, the polysulfoniums are demonstrated to kill bacteria through membrane disruption. The obtained polypeptoid sulfoniums, with high selectivity and potent antibacterial property, are excellent candidates for antibacterial treatment and open up new possibilities for the preparation of a class of innovative antimicrobials.
Catalytic Enantioselective Oxidative Homocoupling of 2‐Acyl Imidazoles
Authors: Demirel Nemrud , Qin Jie , Ivlev Sergei I. , Harms Klaus , Meggers Eric 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA diastereoselective and enantioselective construction of 2,3‐disubstituted 1,4‐dicarbonyl compounds is reported. Nishiyama's RuPhebox complex (2.0 mol% catalyst loading) serves as a chiral Lewis acid catalyst in conjunction with BrCCl3 and a base for the oxidative homocoupling of 2‐acyl imidazoles via the stereocontrolled reaction of intermediate Ru enolates with in situ brominated 2‐acyl imidazoles. Cleavage of the achiral imidazole auxiliary provides optically active 2,3‐disubstituted succinic acids which are useful intermediates in the synthesis of chiral compounds like the natural product class of lignans.magnified image
Engineering Catalyst Layers for Next‐Generation Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells: A Review of Design, Materials, and Methods
Authors: Suter Theo A. M. , Smith Keenan , Hack Jennifer , Rasha Lara , Rana Zahra , Angel Gyen Ming A. , Shearing Paul R. , Miller Thomas S. , Brett Dan J. L. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPolymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) are a promising replacement for the fossil fuel–dependent automotive and energy sectors. They have become increasingly commercialized in the last decade; however, significant limitations on durability and performance limit their commercial uptake. Catalyst layer (CL) design is commonly reported to impact device power density and durability; although, a consensus is rarely reached due to differences in testing conditions, experimental design, and types of data reported. This is further exacerbated by aspects of CL design such as catalyst support, proton conduction, catalyst, fabrication, and morphology, being significantly interdependent; hence, a wider appreciation is required in order to optimize performance, improve durability, and reduce costs. Here, the cutting‐edge research within the field of PEFCs is reviewed, investigating the effect of different manufacturing techniques, electrolyte distribution, support materials, surface chemistries, and total porosity on power density and durability. These are critically appraised from an applied perspective to inform the most relevant and promising pathways to make and test commercially viable cells. This holistic view of the competing aspects of CL design and preparation will facilitate the development of optimized CLs, especially the incorporation of novel catalyst support materials.
Association betweenFTO(rs17817449) genetic variant, gamma‐glutamyl transferase, and hypertension in Slovak midlife women
Authors: Falbová Darina , Vorobeľová Lenka , Siváková Daniela , Beňuš Radoslav 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectivesThis cross‐sectional study investigates associations between theFTOrs 17817449 genetic variant, liver enzymes, and hypertension in Slovak midlife women.MethodsWe assessed 576 Slovak women aged 39 to 65 years. The women were interviewed and examined during their medical examination at local Health Centers and then divided into subgroups according to their blood pressure status; 255 women with hypertension and 321 normotensive. TheFTOgenetic variant was detected by polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism. Resultant data was analyzed by linear regression analysis and general linear models to adjust for risk factors associated with gamma‐glutamyl transferase levels (GGT), including waist to hip ratio (WHR) and uric acid (UA).ResultsA significant association between theFTOvariant and GGT levels was observed in the hypertensive group after control for confounding covariates, including WHR and UA (p = .004). The predicted GGT level for GT/TT hypertensive carriers is 0.158 μkat/L higher than for GG carriers. Moreover, the two‐way analysis of covariance revealed significant interaction betweenFTOeffects and hypertension on logGGT levels (p = .042). Finally, hypertensive women with the T‐allele had the highest estimated marginal mean value of logGGT at −0.39 μkat/L while the GG‐genotype in both hypertensive and normotensive women had the lowest value at −0.54 μkat/L.ConclusionsThis study suggests that theFTO(rs17817449) variant is associated with higher serum GGT levels in hypertensive midlife women.
Expanding the phenotype of ASXL3‐related syndrome: A comprehensive description of 45 unpublished individuals with inherited and de novo pathogenic variants in ASXL3
Authors: Schirwani Schaida , Albaba Shadi , Carere Deanna Alexis , Guillen Sacoto Maria J. , Milan Zamora Francisca , Si Yue , Rabin Rachel , Pappas John , Renaud Deborah L. , Hauser Natalie , Reid Evan , Blanchet Patricia , Foulds Nichola , Dixit Abhijit , Fisher Richard , Armstrong Ruth , Isidor Bertrand , Cogne Benjamin , Schrier Vergano Samantha , Demirdas Serwet , Dykzeul Natalie , Cohen Julie S. , Grand Katheryn , Morel Dayna , Slavotinek Anne , Albassam Hessa F. , Naik Swati , Dean John , Ragge Nicola , Costa Cinzia , Tedesco Maria Giovanna , Harrison Rachel E. , Bouman Arjan , Palen Emily , Challman Thomas D. , Willemsen Marjolein H. , Vogt Julie , Cunniff Christopher , Bergstrom Katherine , Walia Jagdeep S. , Bruel Ange‐Line , Kini Usha , Alkuraya Fowzan S. , Slegesky Valerie , Meeks Naomi , Girotto Paula , Johnson Diana ,   DDD Study, Newbury‐Ecob Ruth , Ockeloen Charlotte W. , Prontera Paolo , Lynch Sally Ann , Li Dong , Graham John M. , Pierson Tyler Mark , Balasubramanian Meena 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe study aimed at widening the clinical and genetic spectrum of ASXL3‐related syndrome, a neurodevelopmental disorder, caused by truncating variants in the ASXL3 gene. In this international collaborative study, we have undertaken a detailed clinical and molecular analysis of 45 previously unpublished individuals with ASXL3‐related syndrome, as well as a review of all previously published individuals. We have reviewed the rather limited functional characterization of pathogenic variants in ASXL3 and discuss current understanding of the consequences of the different ASXL3 variants. In this comprehensive analysis of ASXL3‐related syndrome, we define its natural history and clinical evolution occurring with age. We report familial ASXL3 pathogenic variants, characterize the phenotype in mildly affected individuals and discuss nonpenetrance. We also discuss the role of missense variants in ASXL3. We delineate a variable but consistent phenotype. The most characteristic features are neurodevelopmental delay with consistently limited speech, significant neuro‐behavioral issues, hypotonia, and feeding difficulties. Distinctive features include downslanting palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, tubular nose with a prominent nasal bridge, and low‐hanging columella. The presented data will inform clinical management of individuals with ASXL3‐related syndrome and improve interpretation of new ASXL3 sequence variants.
Was macht Hochentropie‐Legierungen zu außergewöhnlichen Elektrokatalysateuren?
Authors: Löffler Tobias , Ludwig Alfred , Rossmeisl Jan , Schuhmann Wolfgang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDie Bildung einer großen Anzahl verschiedener Multi‐Element‐aktiven Zentren in komplexen Mischkristallwerkstoffen, die häufig auch als Hochentropie‐Legierungen bezeichnet werden, bietet neue und einzigartige Konzepte für das Katalysatordesign, die bestehende Limitierungen aufbrechen und die Sichtweise auf Struktur‐Aktivitäts‐Beziehungen verändern. Wir erörtern diese Konzepte, indem wir das derzeitige konzeptuelle Grundlagenwissen zusammenfassen und die Chancen und Grenzen dieser Materialklasse kritisch bewerten sowie Designstrategien aufzeigen. Es wird ein Fahrplan vorgeschlagen, der veranschaulicht, welche der charakteristischen Konzepte mit welcher Strategie genutzt werden können und welche Durchbrüche möglich sind, um die zukünftige Forschung in dieser vielversprechenden Materialklasse für die (Elektro‐)Katalyse zu leiten.
Identifying the Evolution of Selenium‐Vacancy‐Modulated MoSe2Precatalyst in Lithium–Sulfur Chemistry
Authors: Wang Menglei , Sun Zhongti , Ci Haina , Shi Zixiong , Shen Lin , Wei Chaohui , Ding Yifan , Yang Xianzhong , Sun Jingyu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWitnessing compositional evolution and identifying the catalytically active moiety of electrocatalysts is of paramount importance in Li–S chemistry. Nevertheless, this field remains elusive. We report the scalable salt‐templated synthesis of Se‐vacancy‐incorporated MoSe2architecture (SeVs‐MoSe2) and reveal the phase evolution of the defective precatalyst in working Li–S batteries. The interaction between lithium polysulfides and SeVs‐MoSe2is probed to induce the transformation from SeVs‐MoSe2to MoSeS. Furthermore, operando Raman spectroscopy and ex situ X‐ray diffraction measurements in combination with theoretical simulations verify that the effectual MoSeS catalyst could help promote conversion of Li2S2to Li2S, thereby boosting the capacity performance. The Li–S battery accordingly exhibits a satisfactory rate and cycling capability even with and elevated sulfur loading and lean electrolyte conditions (7.67 mg cm−2; 4.0 μL mg−1S). This work elucidates the design strategies and catalytic mechanisms of efficient electrocatalysts bearing defects.
Catalytic Enantioselective Access to Dihydroquinoxalinones via Formal α‐Halo Acyl Halide Synthon in One Pot
Authors: Volpe Chiara , Meninno Sara , Crescenzi Carlo , Mancinelli Michele , Mazzanti Andrea , Lattanzi Alessandra 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAn enantioselective one‐pot catalytic strategy to dihydroquinoxalinones, featuring novel 1‐phenylsulfonyl‐1‐cyano enantioenriched epoxides as masked α‐halo acyl halide synthons, followed by a domino ring‐opening cyclization (DROC), is documented. A popular quinine‐derived urea served as the catalyst in two out of the three steps performed in the same solvent using commercially available aldehydes, (phenylsulfonyl)acetonitrile, cumyl hydroperoxide and 1,2‐phenylendiamines. Medicinally relevant 3‐aryl/alkyl‐substituted heterocycles are isolated in generally good to high overall yield and high enantioselectivity (up to 99 % ee). A rare example of excellent reusability of an organocatalyst at higher scale, subjected to oxidative conditions, is demonstrated. Mechanistically, labile α‐ketosulfone has been detected as the intermediate involved in the DROC process. Theoretical calculations on the key epoxidation step rationalize the observed stereocontrol, highlighting the important role played by the sulfone group.
Phosphorus‐Atom Transfer from Phosphaethynolate to an Alkylidyne
Authors: Jafari Mehrafshan G. , Park Yerin , Pudasaini Bimal , Kurogi Takashi , Carroll Patrick J. , Kaphan David M. , Kropf Jeremy , Delferro Massimiliano , Baik Mu‐Hyun , Mindiola Daniel J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA low‐spin and mononuclear vanadium complex, (Menacnac)V(CO)(η2‐P≡CtBu) (2) (Menacnac−=[ArNC(CH3)]2CH, Ar=2,6‐iPr2C6H3), was prepared upon treatment of the vanadium neopentylidyne complex (Menacnac)V≡CtBu(OTf) (1) with Na(OCP)(diox)2.5 (diox=1,4‐dioxane), while the isoelectronic ate‐complex [Na(15‐crown‐5)]{([ArNC(CH2)]CH[C(CH3)NAr])V(CO)(η2‐P≡CtBu)} (4), was obtained via the reaction of Na(OCP)(diox)2.5 and ([ArNC(CH2)]CH[C(CH3)NAr])V≡CtBu(OEt2) (3) in the presence of crown‐ether. Computational studies suggest that the P‐atom transfer proceeds by [2+2]‐cycloaddition of the P≡C bond across the V≡CtBu moiety, followed by a reductive decarbonylation to form the V−C≡O linkage. The nature of the electronic ground state in diamagnetic complexes, 2 and 4, was further investigated both theoretically and experimentally, using a combination of density functional theory (DFT) calculations, UV/Vis and NMR spectroscopies, cyclic voltammetry, X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements, and comparison of salient bond metrics derived from X‐ray single‐crystal structural characterization. In combination, these data are consistent with a low‐valent vanadium ion in complexes 2 and 4. This study represents the first example of a metathesis reaction between the P‐atom of [PCO]− and an alkylidyne ligand.
Tuning Protein Dynamics to Sense Rapid Endoplasmic‐Reticulum Calcium Dynamics
Authors: Deng Xiaonan , Yao Xin‐Qiu , Berglund Ken , Dong Bin , Ouedraogo Daniel , Ghane Mohammad A. , Zhuo You , McBean Cheyenne , Wei Zheng Zachory , Gozem Samer , Yu Shan P. , Wei Ling , Fang Ning , Mabb Angela M. , Gadda Giovanni , Hamelberg Donald , Yang Jenny J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMulti‐scale calcium (Ca2+) dynamics, exhibiting wide‐ranging temporal kinetics, constitutes a ubiquitous mode of signal transduction. We report a novel endoplasmic‐reticulum (ER)‐targeted Ca2+ indicator, R‐CatchER, which showed superior kinetics in vitro (koff≥2×103 s−1, kon≥7×106 M−1 s−1) and in multiple cell types. R‐CatchER captured spatiotemporal ER Ca2+ dynamics in neurons and hotspots at dendritic branchpoints, enabled the first report of ER Ca2+ oscillations mediated by calcium sensing receptors (CaSRs), and revealed ER Ca2+‐based functional cooperativity of CaSR. We elucidate the mechanism of R‐CatchER and propose a principle to rationally design genetically encoded Ca2+ indicators with a single Ca2+‐binding site and fast kinetics by tuning rapid fluorescent‐protein dynamics and the electrostatic potential around the chromophore. The design principle is supported by the development of G‐CatchER2, an upgrade of our previous (G‐)CatchER with improved dynamic range. Our work may facilitate protein design, visualizing Ca2+ dynamics, and drug discovery.