bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
World War III Analysis Using Signed Social Networks
Authors: Chowdhury Ranjana Roy , Gupta Shivam , Chede Sravanthi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In the recent period of time with a lot of social platforms emerging, the relationships among various units can be framed with respect to either positive, negative or no relation. These units can be individuals, countries or others that form the basic structural component of a signed network. These signed networks picture a dynamic characteristic of the graph so formed allowing only few combinations of signs that brings the structural balance theorem in picture. Structural balance theory affirms that signed social networks tend to be organized so as to avoid conflictual situations, corresponding to cycles of unstable relations. The aim of structural balance in networks is to find proper partitions of nodes that guarantee equilibrium in the system allowing only few combination triangles with signed edges to be permitted in graph. Most of the works in this field of networking have either explained the importance of signed graph or have applied the balance theorem and tried to solve problems. Following the recent time trends with each nation emerging to be superior and competing to be the best, the probable doubt of happening of WW-III(World War-III) comes into every individuals mind. Nevertheless, our paper aims at answering some of the interesting questions on World War-III. In this project we have worked with the creation of a signed graph picturing the World War-III participating countries as nodes and have predicted the best possible coalition of countries that will be formed during war. Also, we have visually depicted the number of communities that will be formed in this war and the participating countries in each communities. Our paper involves extensive analysis on the various parameters influencing the above predictions and also creation of a new data-set of World War -III that contains the pairwise relationship data of countries with various parameters influencing prediction. This paper also validates and analyses the predicted result.
Transdisciplinarity of India's Master's Level Public Health Programmes: Evidence from Admission Criteria of the Programmes Offered Since 1995
Authors: Ilangovan Kumaravel , Muthappan Sendhilkumar , Govindarajan Keerthiga , Vairamani Vignesh , Venkatasamy Vettrichelvan , Ponnaiah Manickam 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIn Indian subcontinent, Master's level public health (MPH) programmes attract graduates of diverse academic disciplines from health and non-health sciences alike. Considering the current and futuristic importance of the public health cadre, we described them and reviewed their transdisciplinarity status based on MPH admissibility criteria 1995 to 2021. MethodsUsing a search strategy, we abstracted information available in the public domain on MPH and their admissibility criteria. We classified disciplines specified for admission into Science, Social sciences and Arts, Health and Non-health categories. We described the MPH programmes by location, type of institutions, course duration, pedagogical methods, specialisations offered, and nature of admission criteria statements. We calculated descriptive statistics for eligible educational qualifications for admission to MPH programmes. ResultsOverall, 74 Indian institutions offered 88 MPH programmes. We included 85 for review. These programmes represent 50% increase (n=44) from that of 2016-17. They are mostly concentrated in 21 provinces and union territories of India. These programmes stated that they admit candidates of but not limited to "graduation in any life sciences", "three-year bachelors degree in any discipline", “graduation from any Indian universities”, and "graduation in any discipline". Of the 72 institutions, 14 admit multidisciplinary academic graduates in their 16 programmes. Except three institutions from public sector, 69 provide MPH admission opportunities to multidisciplinary health and non-health academic graduates. ConclusionOur review suggests that India's MPH programmes are less transdisciplinary. India's Master's level public health programmes should transcend to be more inclusive and admit graduates of various academic educational backgrounds.
Different Soil Salinity Imparts Clear Alteration in Rhizospheric Bacterial Community Dynamics in Rice and Peanut.
Authors: Islam Md Majharul , Bhattacharya Rajarshi , Sarkar Biraj , Maiti Pulak Kumar , Mahanty Shouvik , Chaudhuri Punarbasu , Biswas Swadesh Ranjan , Mandal Sukhendu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The rhizospheric microbiome is capable of changing the physio-chemical properties of its own micro-environment and found to be indispensable in overall health of the host-plant. The interplay between the rhizospheric environment and the microbiota residing therein tune the physiology of the associated plant. In this study, we have determined how the soil properties and the host-plant remains as an important parameter for microbial community-dynamics in the rhizosphere of rice and peanut. In addition to check the physio-chemical parameters of the rhizospheric soil, we have also prepared the metagenomic DNA from each rhizospheric soil followed by high-throughput sequencing and sequence-analysis to predict the OTUs that represents the community structure. The alpha-diversity of the bacterial community in the RRN sample was highest, while the lowest was in PRS sample. Actinobacteria is the most predominant phylum in PRN, PRS and RRN whereas Acidobacteria in RRS. We found a clear shift in bacterial community over the rice and peanut rhizosphere and also over these host-rhizospheres from normal and high saline region. The rhizospheric bacterial community composition found to be affected by the close-by environmental factors. Thus, the rhizospheric bacterial community-structure is related to both the adjoining soil characters and the type of the hosts.
Short Term Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic On Progress Test Outcomes and Emotional State of Medical Students: A Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Berlin Progress Test Medizin Charité Universitätsmedizin , Sehy Victoria , Atanet Iván Roselló , Sieg Miriam , Struzena Jana , März Maren 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has been the source of many challenges for medical students worldwide. The authors examined short-term effects on knowledge gain as well as shifts in learning behavior and study-related emotional states.Method The development of knowledge gain was measured comparing the outcomes of shared questions within Progress Test (PT) pairs. The authors used mixed-effect regression models and compared the absolute variations in the percentage of correct answers per subject. Three successive test pairs were analyzed in this manner: PT36-PT41 (both conducted before the pandemic), PT37-PT42 (PT37 took place before the pandemic; PT42 was conducted from April 2020 onwards) and PT38-PT43 (PT38 was administered before the pandemic; PT43 started in November 2020). A survey including closed and open-ended questions was also carried out in January 2021 with the purpose of assessing the learning behavior and emotional state of participants. Open-ended responses were analyzed using Latent Dirichlet Allocation. Results The most recent test of each PT-pair showed a higher mean score compared to the previous test in the same pair (PT36-PT41: 2.53 (95% CI: 1.31-3.75), PT37-PT42: 3.72 (2.57-4.88), PT38-PT43: 5.59 (4.37-6-81)). Analogously, an increase in the share of correct answers was observed for most medical disciplines, with Epidemiology showing the most remarkable upsurge.N=2,715 students from eleven different German-speaking faculties participated in the survey. Respondents were mostly positive towards online lectures, which were perceived as clearly beneficial, allowing for more time and flexibility. On the other hand, the suspension of practical lessons and alleged communicational and organizational shortcomings were seen as the main disadvantages. 28% of the students did not perceive negative impacts on their emotional state regarding their studies, however, 20% of the surveyed students found it difficult to cope with the lack of social contacts, with an additional 8% of them claiming to feel lonely, demotivated or abandoned.Conclusion: Overall, PT performance improved during the pandemic. Students see advantages in online lectures, but disadvantages in the cancellation of practical lectures; they miss their former social interactions and some even show signs of emotional distress.
Multi Core DN​N based IDS for Botnet Attacks using KPCA Reduction Techniques
Authors: S Sharmila B , Nagapadma Rohini 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Research on network security has recently acquired attention in the field of the Internet of Things. In the context of security, most of the IoT devices with the internet are connected directly which results in the exploitation of private data. Nowadays, the fraudster will release novel attacks very frequently especially for IoT devices. As a result, the traditional sophisticated Intrusion Detection System (IDS) model is not suitable for the identification of vulnerabilities in IoT devices. In our research work, we propose MCDNN for IDS. MCDNN is Multi Core DNN with having parallel optimizer. Rather than a traditional dataset, this paper experiment is conducted on the BoTIoT dataset. Since IoT devices generate a huge volume of data, this work focuses on reducing huge datasets using Kernel Principal Component Analysis(KPCA) reduction technique with optimizer parallelly. To decrease false alarm rate and maintaining less computational power multi-core is introduced in our research work. This helps identification of vulnerabilities in IoT devices using deep learning techniques faster. Experimental results indicate that designing MCDNN based IDS with different optimizers parallelly achieved higher performance than those of other techniques.
Role of Adenosine Kinase In Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 1-Induced Mechano-Hypersensitivities
Authors: Lauro Filomena , Giancotti Luigino Antonio , Kolar Grant , Harada Caron , Harmon Taylor A , Garrett Timothy J , Salvemini Daniela 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Emerging evidence implicates the sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor subtype 1 (S1PR1) in the development of neuropathic pain. Continued investigation of the signaling pathways downstream of S1PR1 are needed to support development of S1PR1 antagonists. In rodents, intrathecal (i.th.) injection of SEW2871, a selective S1PR1 agonist, activates the nod-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, increases interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and causes behavioral hypersensitivity. I.th. injection of a IL-1β receptor antagonist blocks SEW2871-induced hypersensitivity, suggesting that IL-1β contributes to S1PR1’s actions. Interestingly, previous studies have suggested that IL-1β increases the expression/activity of adenosine kinase (ADK), a key regulator of adenosine signaling at its receptors (ARs). Increased ADK expression reduces adenosine signaling whereas inhibiting ADK restores the action of adenosine. Here, we show that SEW287-induced behavioral hypersensitivity is associated with increased expression of ADK in astrocytes of the dorsal horn of the spinal cord (DH-SC). Moreover, the ADK inhibitor, ABT702, blocks SEW2871-induced hypersensitivity. These findings link ADK activation to S1PR1. If SEW2871-induced pain is mediated by IL-1β, which in turn activates ADK and leads to mechano-allodynia, then blocking ADK should attenuate IL-1β effects. In support of this idea, recombinant rat (rrIL-1β)-induced allodynia was blocked by at least 90% with ABT702, functionally linking ADK to IL-1β. Moreover, the selective A3AR antagonist, MRS1523, prevents the ability of ABT702 to block SEW2871 and IL-1β-induced allodynia, implicating A3AR signaling in the beneficial effects exerted by ABT702. Our findings provide novel mechanistic insight into how S1PR1 signaling in the spinal cord produces hypersensitivity through IL1-b and ADK activation.
Pedobacter Aquae Sp. Nov., A Multi-Drug Resistant Bacterium Isolated from Fresh Water
Authors: Chau Le Tran Tien , Kim Yong-Seok , Cha Chang-Jun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A novel bacterial strain designated CJ43T was isolated from fresh water located in Jeongseon-gun, Gangwon-do, South Korea, displaying multi-drug resistance. The isolate was observed to be Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, orange-pigmented, and rod-shaped. Strain CJ43T grew optimally at 30 ℃ and pH 7 on R2A agar in the absence of NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain CJ43T belongs to the genus Pedobacter in the family Sphingobacteriaceae and was the most closely related to Pedobacter glucosidilyticus 1-2T (98.1% sequence similarity). The whole-genome sequencing of strain CJ43T was performed using the PacBio RS II platform, revealing a genome size of 3.9 Mb in a single contig with DNA G+C content of 34.9%. The genome included 3144 predicted protein-coding genes, as well as 55 tRNA, 9 rRNA and 3 ncRNA genes. The genome also contained 92 putative antibiotic resistance genes, reflecting its phenotypes. The average nucleotide identity and in silico digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain CJ43T and P. glucosidilyticus 1-2T were 88.7%, and 38.6%, respectively. The major fatty acids of strain CJ43T were iso-C15:0, iso-C17:0 3-OH, and summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω6c and/or C16:1 ω7c). Strain CJ43T contained phosphatidylethanolamine as a major polar lipid and menaquinone-7 as a sole respiratory quinone. Based on the polyphasic taxonomy data, strain CJ43T represents a novel species of the genus Pedobacter, for which the name Pedobacter aquae sp. nov. is proposed with the type strain CJ43T (= KACC 21350T = JCM 33709T).
Commissioning Measurements On An Elekta Unity MR-Linac
Authors: Powers Marcus , Baines John , Crane Robert , Fisher Chantelle , Gibson Stephen , Marsh Linda , Shirley Bronwyn , Shoobridge Ariadne , Walt Marchant Van der , de Vine Glenn 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
MR-guided radiotherapy technology is relatively new and commissioning publications, QA protocols and commercial products are limited. This work provides guidance for implementation measurements that may be performed on the Elekta Unity MR-Linac (Elekta, Stockholm, Sweden). Adaptions of vendor supplied phantoms facilitated determination of gantry angle accuracy and MV isocentre, whereas in-house developed phantoms were used for End-to-End (E2E) testing and anterior coil attenuation measurements. Third-party devices were used for measuring beam quality, reference dosimetry and during IMRT commissioning; however, due to several challenges, variations on standard techniques were required. Gantry angle accuracy was within 0.1°, confirmed with pixel intensity profiles, and MV isocentre diameter was < 0.5 mm. Anterior coil attenuation was < 0.6 %. Beam quality as determined by TPR20,10 was 0.704 ± 0.002, in agreement with treatment planning system (TPS) calculations, and gamma comparison against the TPS for a 22.0 × 22.0 cm2 field was above 95.0 % (2.0 %, 2.0 mm). G90 output was 1.000 ± 0.002 Gy per 100 MU, depth 5.0 cm. During IMRT commissioning, sub-standard results indicated issues with machine behaviour. Once rectified, gamma comparisons were above 95.0 % (2.0 %, 2.0 mm). Centres which may not have access to specialized equipment can use in-house developed phantoms, or adapt those supplied by the vendor, to perform commissioning work and confirm operation of the MRL within published tolerances. The IMRT QA devices and techniques used in this work highlight issues with machine behaviour when appropriate gamma criteria are set.
The Energy Consumption-Environmental Quality Nexus in BRICS Countries: The Role of Outward Foreign Direct Investment (OFDI)
Authors: Mohanty Saileja , Sethi Narayan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper examines the role of outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) on energy consumption and environmental quality in BRICS from 1990 to 2019. We use cross-sectional dependence (CSD) and the Pesaran-Yamagata slope homogeneity for the diagnostic test. After confirming the diagnosis test, we employ CIPS and CADF second generation panel unit root test, which confirms that all elements are stationary at first difference. The Pooled Mean Group (PMG), Westerlund cointegration, two-step GMM, panel FMOLS and DOLS model have been used to determine the short term and long-term association among the variables. The cointegration and PMG results confirm that the short-run and long-run association exists among the considered variables. The GMM and DOLS results reveal that developing countries produced environmental pollution at the early stage of development and checked in the long run. The empirical results hold up the EKC hypothesis, which implies that OFDI and energy consumption help expand greener technology to host countries' environmental improvement in the long run and confirm that an inverted U-shaped linkage exists. Hence, the study suggests that developing countries should pay more attention to sustainable development and technological development that encourages more eco-friendly and environment-friendly technology. To frame the profitable strategies, governments of emerging countries should inspire public-private partnerships to circulate the environmental consciousness, guideline for energy efficiency, and generate a pollution-free environment.
Pharmacological Rescue with SR8278, A Circadian Nuclear Receptor REV-ERBα Antagonist as a Therapy for Mood Disorders in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Kim Kyungjin , Kim Jeongah , Park Inah , Jang Sangwon , Choi Mijung , Kim Doyeon , Sun Woong , Choe Youngshik , Choi Ji-Woong , Moon Cheil , Park Sung Ho , Choe Han Kyoung 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive dopaminergic (DAergic) neuronal loss. Motor deficits experienced by patients with Parkinson’s disease are well documented, but non-motor symptoms, including mood disorders associated with circadian disturbances, are also frequent features. One common phenomenon is “sundowning syndrome,” which is characterized by the occurrence of neuropsychiatric symptoms at a specific time (dusk), causing severe quality of life challenges. This study aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of sundowning syndrome in Parkinson’s disease and their molecular links with the circadian clock.Methods: To induce the Parkinson’s disease mouse model, a single injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was administered into the left dorsal striatum. Five weeks post injection, mood-related behavioral tests were performed at the indicated time of day (circadian time 22-01 vs. 10-13). Local injection of a REV-ERBα antagonist, SR8278, into the ventral tegmental area, was performed 3 h before each behavioral test. To determine the molecular mechanism of behavioral deficits, fluorescent in situ hybridization, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, western blot analysis, and ATAC-sequencing were performed.Results: Our study demonstrated that 6-OHDA-lesioned mice exhibited increased depression- and anxiety-like behaviors only at dawn. SR8278 treatment exerted antidepressant and anxiolytic effects in a circadian time-dependent manner in 6-OHDA-lesioned mice, restoring the circadian rhythm of mood-related behaviors. 6-OHDA-lesion altered DAergic-specific Rev-erbα and Nurr1 transcription, and atypical binding activities of REV-ERBα and NURR1, which are upstream nuclear receptors for the discrete tyrosine hydroxylase promoter region SR8278, restored the binding activities of REV-ERBα and NURR1 to the tyrosine hydroxylase promoter and the induction of enrichment of the R/N motif, recognized by REV-ERBα and NURR1 only at dawn, as revealed by ATAC-sequencing; therefore, tyrosine hydroxylase expression was elevated in the ventral tegmental area of 6-OHDA-injected mice, especially at dawn.Conclusions: These results indicate that REV-ERBα is a potential therapeutic target, and its antagonist, SR8278, is a potential drug for mood disorders related to circadian disturbances, namely sundowning syndrome, in Parkinson’s disease.
ScanNet: An interpretable geometric deep learning model for structure-based protein binding site prediction
Authors: Tubiana Jérôme , Schneidman-Duhovny Dina , Wolfson Haim 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Predicting the functional sites of a protein from its structure, such as the binding sites of small molecules, other proteins or antibodies sheds light on its function in vivo. Currently, two classes of methods prevail: Machine Learning (ML) models built on top of handcrafted features and comparative modeling. They are respectively limited by the expressivity of the handcrafted features and the availability of similar proteins. Here, we introduce ScanNet, an end-to-end, interpretable geometric deep learning model that learns features directly from 3D structures. ScanNet builds representations of atoms and amino acids based on the spatio-chemical arrangement of their neighbors. We train ScanNet for detecting protein-protein and protein-antibody binding sites, demonstrate its accuracy - including for unseen protein folds - and interpret the filters learned. Finally, we predict epitopes of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, validating known antigenic regions and predicting previously uncharacterized ones. Overall, ScanNet is a versatile, powerful, and interpretable model suitable for functional site prediction tasks. A webserver for ScanNet is available from http://bioinfo3d.cs.tau.ac.il/ScanNet/
High-Solid Loading Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Waste Office Paper for Poly-3-Hydroxybutyrate Production Through Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation
Authors: Al-Battashi Huda , Sivakumar Nallusamy 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Waste paper holds great potential as a substrate for the microbial production of bioplastic (Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB)). This study aimed to produce PHB by utilizing office paper as a substrate using Cupriavidus necator through batch and fed-batch simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) approach. For the batch experiment, different loadings of shredded office paper (3, 5 and 10%) with two different pretreatments H2O2 (OPH) and H2O2 and Triton X-100 (OPTH) were carried out. For the fed-batch experiment, paper loading started with 3% and two more additions were made at 36 and 84 h. Both experiments were conducted at 30°C, 200 rpm and pH 7 using 55.5 FPU/g of cellulase and 37.5 CBU/g of β-glucosidase with a fixed amount of nitrogen source. High PHB yield was observed with OPH in all loadings, though the OPHT showed a better hydrolysis. Maximum PHB yield (4.27 g/L) was achieved with 10% OP at six days of fermentation in batch SSF. Whereas, maximum PHB yield (4.19 g/L) was obtained within a shorter time (66 h) in the fed-batch OPH paper. The extracted PHB showed well-matched characteristic features to the standard PHB. Finally, this study proves the feasibility of employing SSF process for PHB production using waste paper as an alternative approach to overcome the shortcoming of the separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) process.