bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endothelial Unc5B controls blood-brain barrier integrity
Authors: Boyé Kevin , Geraldo Luiz Henrique , Furtado Jessica , Pibouin-Fragner Laurence , Poulet Mathilde , Kim Doyeun , Nelson Bryce , Xu Yunling , Jacob Laurent , Maissa Nawal , Tavitian Bertrand , Agalliu Dritan , Claesson-Welsh Lena , Ackerman Susan L , Eichmann Anne 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBlood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity is critical for proper function of the central nervous system (CNS). Here, we showed that the endothelial Netrin1 receptor Unc5B controls BBB integrity by maintaining Wnt/β–catenin signaling. Inducible endothelial-specific deletion of Unc5B in adult mice led to region and size-selective BBB opening. Loss of Unc5B decreased BBB Wnt/β–catenin signaling, and β–catenin overexpression rescuedUnc5Bmutant BBB defects. Mechanistically, Netrin1 enhanced Unc5B interaction with the Wnt co-receptor LRP6, induced its phosphorylation and activated Wnt/β–catenin downstream signaling. Intravenous delivery of antibodies blocking Netrin1 binding to Unc5B caused a transient disruption of Wnt signaling and BBB breakdown, followed by neurovascular barrier resealing. These data identify Netrin-Unc5B signaling as a novel regulator of BBB integrity with potential therapeutic utility for CNS diseases.
Comprehensive analyses of RNA-seq and genome-wide data point to enrichment of neuronal cell type subsets in neuropsychiatric disorders
Authors: Olislagers M , Rademaker K , Adan RAH , Lin BD , Luykx JJ 
Published: May 2021

AbstractNeurological and psychiatric disorders, including substance use disorders share a range of symptoms, which could be the result of shared genetic background. Many genetic loci have been identified for these disorders using genome-wide association studies, but conclusive evidence about cell types wherein these loci are active is lacking. We aimed to uncover implicated brain cell types in neuropsychiatric traits and to assess consistency in results across RNA datasets and methods. We therefore comprehensively employed cell-type enrichment methods by integrating single-cell transcriptomic data from mouse brain regions with an unprecedented dataset of 42 human genome-wide association study results of neuropsychiatric, substance use and behavioral/quantitative brain-related traits (n=12,544,007 individuals). Single-cell transcriptomic datasets from the Karolinska Institute and the 10x Genomics dataset were used. Cell type enrichment was determined using Linkage Disequilibrium Score Regression, Multi-marker Analysis of GenoMic Annotation, and Data-driven Expression Prioritized Integration for Complex Traits. We found the largest degree of consistency across methods for implication of pyramidal cells in schizophrenia and cognitive performance. For other phenotypes, such as bipolar disorder, two methods implicated the same cell types, i.e. medium spiny neurons and pyramidal cells. For autism spectrum disorders and anorexia nervosa, no consistency in implicated cell types was observed across methods. We found no evidence for astrocytes being consistently implicated in neuropsychiatric traits. In conclusion, we provide comprehensive evidence for a subset of neuronal cell types being consistently implicated in several, but not all psychiatric disorders, while non-neuronal cell types seem less implicated.
Decoding the silence: Neural bases of zero pronoun resolution in Chinese
Authors: Zhang Shulin , Li Jixing , Yang Yiming , Hale John 
Published: May 2021

AbstractChinese is one of many languages that can drop subjects. We report an fMRI study of language comprehension processes in these “zero pronoun” cases. The fMRI data come from Chinese speakers who listened to an audiobook. We conducted both univariate GLM and multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) on these data time-locked to each verb with a zero pronoun subject. We found increased left middle temporal gyrus activity for zero pronouns compared to overt subjects, suggesting additional effort searching for an antecedent during zero pronoun resolution. MVPA further revealed that the intended referent of a zero pronoun seems to be physically represented in the Precuneus and the Parahippocampal Gyrus shortly after its presentation. This highlights the role of memory and discourse-level processing in resolving referential expressions, including unspoken ones, in naturalistic language comprehension.
Genome-wide admixture mapping of eGFR and CKD identify European and African ancestry-of-origin loci in U.S. Hispanics/Latinos
Authors: Horimoto Andrea R.V.R. , Cai Jianwen , Lash James P. , Daviglus Martha L. , Franceschini Nora , Thornton Timothy A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundAdmixture mapping is a powerful approach for gene mapping of complex traits that leverages the diverse genetic ancestry in populations with recent admixture such as U.S. Hispanics/Latinos (HL), who have increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD).MethodsGenome-wide admixture mapping was performed for CKD and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in a sample of 12,601 participants from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, with validation in a sample of 8191 African Americans from the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI).ResultsThree novel ancestry-of-origin loci were identified on chromosomes 2, 14 and 15 for CKD and eGFR. The chromosome 2 locus (2p16.3) consisted of two European ancestry regions encompassing theFSHRandNRXN1genes, with European ancestry at this locus associated with increased risk for CKD. The chromosome 14 locus (14q32.2) located within theDLK1-DIO3imprinted domain was driven by European ancestry, and was associated with lower eGFR. The chromosome 15 locus (15q13.3-14) included intronic variants ofRYR3and was within an African-specific genomic region that was associated with higher eGFR. These findings were compared to the conventional genome-wide association study that failed to identify significant associations in these regions. We validated the chromosome 14 and 15 loci for eGFR in the WHI African Americans.ConclusionsThis study provides evidence of shared ancestry-specific genomic regions influencing eGFR in HL and African Americans, and illustrates the potential for leveraging genetic ancestry in recently admixed populations for novel discovery of kidney trait loci.
Harnessing changes in open chromatin determined by ATAC-seq to generate insulin-responsive reporter constructs
Authors: Merrill Collin B. , Montgomery Austin B. , Pabon Miguel A. , Rodan Aylin R. , Rothenfluh Adrian 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundGene regulation is critical for proper cellular function. Next-generation sequencing technology has revealed the presence of regulatory networks that regulate gene expression and essential cellular functions. Studies investigating the epigenome have begun to uncover the complex mechanisms regulating transcription. Assay for transposase-accessible chromatin by sequencing (ATAC-seq) is quickly becoming the assay of choice for many epigenomic investigations. However, whether intervention-mediated changes in accessible chromatin determined by ATAC-seq can be harnessed to generate intervention-inducible reporter constructs has not been systematically assayed.ResultsWe used the insulin signaling pathway as a model to investigate chromatin regions and gene expression changes using ATAC- and RNA-seq in insulin-treatedDrosophilaS2 cells. We found correlations between ATAC- and RNA-seq data, especially when stratifying differentially-accessible chromatin regions by annotated feature type. In particular, our data demonstrated a strong correlation between chromatin regions annotated to distal promoters (1-2 kb from the transcription start site) and downstream gene expression. We cloned candidate distal promoter regions upstream of luciferase and demonstrate insulin-inducibility of several of these reporters.ConclusionsInsulin-induced chromatin accessibility determined by ATAC-seq reveals enhancer regions that drive insulin-inducible reporter gene expression.
Evaluation of a multi-species SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus neutralization test
Authors: Embregts Carmen W.E. , Verstrepen Babs , Langermans Jan A.M. , Böszörményi Kinga P. , Sikkema Reina S. , de Vries Rory D. , Hoffmann Donata , Wernike Kerstin , Smit Lidwien A.M. , Zhao Shan , Rockx Barry , Koopmans Marion P.G. , Haagmans Bart L. , Kuiken Thijs , GeurtsvanKessel Corine H. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAssays to measure SARS-CoV-2-specific neutralizing antibodies are important to monitor seroprevalence, to study asymptomatic infections and to reveal (intermediate) hosts. A recently developed assay, the surrogate virus-neutralization test (sVNT) is a quick and commercially available alternative to the “gold standard” virus neutralization assay using authentic virus, and does not require processing at BSL-3 level. The assay relies on the inhibition of binding of the receptor binding domain (RBD) on the spike (S) protein to human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) by antibodies present in sera. As the sVNT does not require species- or isotype-specific conjugates, it can be similarly used for antibody detection in human and animal sera. In this study, we used 298 sera from PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients and 151 sera from patients confirmed with other coronavirus or other (respiratory) infections, to evaluate the performance of the sVNT. To analyze the use of the assay in a One Health setting, we studied the presence of RBD-binding antibodies in 154 sera from nine animal species (cynomolgus and rhesus macaques, ferrets, rabbits, hamsters, cats, cattle, mink and dromedary camels). The sVNT showed a moderate to high sensitivity and a high specificity using sera from confirmed COVID-19 patients (91.3% and 100%, respectively) and animal sera (93.9% and 100%), however it lacked sensitivity to detect low titers. Significant correlations were found between the sVNT outcomes and PRNT50 and the Wantai total Ig and IgM ELISAs. While species-specific validation will be essential, our results show that the sVNT holds promise in detecting RBD-binding antibodies in multiple species.
Frontostriatal Functional Connectivity Underlies Self-Enhancement During Social Evaluation
Authors: Parrish Michael H. , Dutcher Janine M. , Muscatell Keely A. , Inagaki Tristen K. , Moieni Mona , Irwin Michael R. , Eisenberger Naomi I. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSelf-enhancement, the tendency to view oneself positively, is a pervasive social motive widely investigated in social and personality psychology. Despite research on the topic over the past several decades, relatively little is known about the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying this motive, specifically in social evaluative situations. To investigate whether positive emotion regulation circuitry, neural circuitry involved in modulating positive affect, relates to the operation of the self-enhancement motive in social contexts, we conducted an fMRI study in a sample of healthy young adults. We hypothesized that self-enhancement indices (state, trait self-esteem) relate to greater positive functional connectivity between right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (RVLPFC), a neural region implicated in emotion regulation, and the ventral striatum (VS), a region associated with reward-related affect, during a social feedback task. Following social-evaluative feedback, participants maintained stable self-esteem or experienced a drop in state self-esteem. We found stable state self-esteem and higher trait self-esteem related to greater positive connectivity in RVLFPC-VS circuitry during receipt of positive (vs. neutral) feedback. These findings implicate the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying emotion regulation in the functioning of the self-enhancement motive and highlight a pathway through which self-enhancement may restore feelings of self-worth during threatening circumstances.
CFD simulation of engine nacelle cooling on pusher configuration aircraft
Authors: Olejnik Aleksander , Dziubiński Adam , Kiszkowiak Łukasz 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to simulate with in-depth reconstruction of existing geometry a process of cooling of the aircraft engine in pusher configuration, which is more problematic than usually used, tractor configuration. Moreover, a complex thermal and fluid flow analysis is necessary to verify that an adequate cooling is ensured and that temperatures in the engine nacelle are maintained within the operating limits.

Design/methodology/approach
Methodology used in this research is based on computational fluid dynamics tools to model adequately the internal and the external flow, to find the state of cooling system and research the results of baffles modification inside the engine cover. Additionally, two types of the cover with different sizes of inlets and outlets are tested.

Findings
The results showed the influence of baffles modifications and changes in inlets and outlet sizes on the mass flow rate and temperature distributions inside the engine nacelle. The best configuration of air inlets and outlets was determined.

Practical implications
The method used in the research is the safest method in testing of such cases, provided the proper approach in modeling is taken. The collaboration of internal and external flow is crucial and should not be replaced with assumed flow rate through inlet and outlet area. The obtained results will help in future studies on cooling systems of engines in pusher configuration.

Originality/value
The work presents original results obtained by the authors during a complex fluid flow and heat transmission analysis and is a part of the design project of the OSA patrol aircraft.
Facilitating campus interactions – critical success factors according to university facility directors
Authors: Jansz Sascha Naomi , van Dijk Terry , Mobach Mark P. 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate which critical success factors (CSFs) influence interaction on campuses as identified by the facility directors (FDs) of Dutch university campuses and to discuss how these compare with the literature.

Design/methodology/approach
All 13 Dutch university campus FDs were interviewed (office and walking interview), focussing on CSFs relating to spaces and services that facilitate interaction. Open coding and thematic analysis resulted in empirically driven categories indicated by the respondents. Similarities and differences between the CSFs as previously identified in the literature are discussed.

Findings
The following categories emerged: constraints, motivators, designing spaces, designing services, building community and creating coherence. The campus is seen as a system containing subsystems and is itself part of a wider system (environment), forming a layered structure. Constraints and motivators are part of the environment but cannot be separated from the other four categories, as they influence their applicability.

Research limitations/implications
This study was limited to interviews with FDs and related staff. The richness of the findings shows that this was a relevant and efficient data collection strategy for the purpose of this study.

Practical implications
By viewing the campus as an open system, this study puts the practical applicability of CSFs into perspective yet provides a clear overview of CSFs related to campus interaction that may be included in future campus design policies.

Social implications
This (more) complete overview of CSFs identified in both literature and practice will help FDs, policymakers and campus designers to apply these CSFs in their campus designs. This improved campus design would increase the number of knowledge sharing interactions, contributing to innovation and valorisation. This could create a significant impact in all research fields, such as health, technology or well-being, benefitting society as a whole.

Originality/value
This study provides a comprehensive overview and comparison of CSFs from both literature and practice, allowing more effective application of CSFs in campus design policies. A framework for future studies on CSFs for interaction on campuses is provided.
The role of organizational factors in how efficiency-thoroughness trade-offs potentially affect clinical quality dimensions – a review of the literature
Authors: Glette Malin Knutsen , Wiig Siri 
Published: May 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to increase knowledge of the role organizational factors have in how health personnel make efficiency-thoroughness trade-offs, and how these trade-offs potentially affect clinical quality dimensions.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is a thematic synthesis of the literature concerning health personnel working in clinical, somatic healthcare services, organizational factors and clinical quality.FindingsIdentified organizational factors imposing trade-offs were high workload, time limits, inappropriate staffing and limited resources. The trade-offs done by health personnel were often trade-offs weighing thoroughness (e.g. providing extra handovers or working additional hours) in an environment weighing efficiency (e.g. ward routines of having one single handover and work-hour regulations limiting physicians' work hours). In this context, the health personnel functioned as regulators, balancing efficiency and thoroughness and ensuring patient safety and patient centeredness. However, sometimes organizational factors limited health personnel's flexibility in weighing these aspects, leading to breached medication rules, skipped opportunities for safety debriefings and patients being excluded from medication reviews.Originality/valueBalancing resources and healthcare demands while maintaining healthcare quality is a large part of health personnel's daily work, and organizational factors are suspected to affect this balancing act. Yet, there is limited research on this subject. With the expected aging of the population and the subsequent pressure on healthcare services' resources, the balancing between efficiency and thoroughness will become crucial in handling increased healthcare demands, while maintaining high-quality care.
COVID-19 induced impact on informal migrants in Bangladesh: a qualitative study
Authors: Sohel Md. Salman , Hossain Babul , Alam Md. Kausar , Shi Guoqing , Shabbir Rubaiyat , Sifullah Md. Khaled , Mamy Most. Monowara Begum 
Published: May 2021

PurposeThis study intends to explore the impact of occupation and income on informal migrants in the face of COVID-19 induced lockdown in Bangladesh and their coping strategies to survive the pandemic situation.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted a qualitative research design in which four urban areas were chosen purposively from various parts of Dhaka city. The authors conducted 21 semi-structured in-depth interviews, four FGDs and eight months over participant observation for achieving study objectives. The four stages of data analysis used a thematic approach in the interpretive phenomenological analysis.FindingsThe results showed that respondents were massively affected due to loss of income and occupation in the period of induced lockdown. Besides, most people lost their earning sources entirely in this amid pandemic which bound them starvation in the mealtime along with several dynamic complications. The findings also revealed that they followed some surviving strategies such as taking loans, reducing expenses, consuming less food, selling land, jewelry, and goods, relatives and neighbor support, and government relief. Although these strategies somewhat supported them to struggle with the situation, their livelihood features became fragile immensely.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings will be an important guiding principle for the policymakers, aid organizations and development practitioners to prepare development policies for vulnerable informal migrants in developing countries like Bangladesh.Originality/valueThis is the first study that explores the informal migrants’ occupation and income during COVID-19 induced lockdown in Bangladesh. This research also highlights coping strategies of the informal migrants to survive the pandemic situation.
An option embedded novel military service system based on cognitive bias theories
Authors: Kang Hyoung-Goo , Han Byungsuk 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to hypothesize that cognitive biases such as nostalgia, rosy retrospection, overconfidence, fading-affect bias and prospect theory affect how to serve in the military. The behaviors of those expecting military service and those who have completed the service differ significantly in evaluating the self and social value of the human capital during the military service. This difference corresponds to the predictions of the cognitive-bias literature. The authors test propositions in option framework. This study’s experimental design proposes a novel military system, a hybrid of conscription and voluntary systems. This study’s results are consistent with the hypothesis, option theory and behavioral economics literature.
The role of human capital in the foreign market performance of US SMEs: does owner ethnicity matter?
Authors: Ardito Lorenzo , D'Angelo Viviana , Petruzzelli Antonio Messeni , Peruffo Enzo 
Published: May 2021

PurposeThis paper adopts an intellectual capital perspective to investigate the role of owners who are ethnic minorities in the foreign market expansion performance of SMEs, and in particular considers the human capital dimension of intellectual capital.Design/methodology/approachBased on the empirical investigation of a sample of 10,326 small- and medium-sized US high-tech manufacturing enterprises, the authors’ results reveal a positive relationship between the number of foreign markets where these SMEs operate and their financial performance, and that this effect is reinforced by the presence of ethnic minority owners, as ethnic minorities constitute a valuable source of intellectual capital which bring value to firms.FindingsThe authors’ findings reveal the importance of intellectual capital in an SME’s leadership position, specifically in terms of having individuals from normally disadvantaged groups as owners. In this sense, policymakers are crucial in supporting the inclusion of ethnic minorities in SME ownership, through advantageous treatment in firms, for example.Practical implicationsThe study presents practical implications for managers seeking foreign market expansion. In addition, when defining ownership structure (e.g., in the start-up phase), the role of human capital, in the form of ethnic minorities, should not be neglected, especially if an SME intends to operate or is already operating in different national contexts.Originality/valueThe authors’ results provide important insights into the positive effect of human capital on SME foreign market performance. The idea of a moderating role played by owners from ethnic minorities suggested here contributes to the literature on human capital and is one of the first attempts to consider this moderating factor in this relationship, especially in the SME context.