bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive at-arrival transcriptomic analysis of post-weaned beef cattle uncovers type I interferon and antiviral mechanisms associated with bovine respiratory disease mortality
Authors: Scott Matthew A. , Woolums Amelia R. , Swiderski Cyprianna E. , Perkins Andy D. , Nanduri Bindu , Smith David R. , Karisch Brandi B. , Epperson William B. , Blanton John R. 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundDespite decades of extensive research, bovine respiratory disease (BRD) remains the most devastating disease in beef cattle production. Establishing a clinical diagnosis often relies upon visual detection of non-specific signs, leading to low diagnostic accuracy. Thus, post-weaned beef cattle are often metaphylactically administered antimicrobials at facility arrival, which poses concerns regarding antimicrobial stewardship and resistance. Additionally, there is a lack of high-quality research that addresses the gene-by-environment interactions that underlie why some cattle that develop BRD die while others survive. Therefore, it is necessary to decipher the underlying host genomic factors associated with BRD mortality versus survival to help determine BRD risk and severity. Using transcriptomic analysis of at-arrival whole blood samples from cattle that died of BRD, as compared to those that developed signs of BRD but lived (n = 3 DEAD, n = 3 ALIVE), we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and associated pathways in cattle that died of BRD. Additionally, we evaluated unmapped reads, which are often overlooked within transcriptomic experiments.Results69 DEGs (FDR<0.10) were identified between ALIVE and DEAD cohorts. Several DEGs possess immunological and proinflammatory function and associations with TLR4 and IL6. Biological processes, pathways, and disease phenotype associations related to type-I interferon production and antiviral defense were enriched in DEAD cattle at arrival. Unmapped reads aligned primarily to various ungulate assemblies, but failed to align to viral assemblies.ConclusionThis study further revealed increased proinflammatory immunological mechanisms in cattle that develop BRD. DEGs upregulated in DEAD cattle were predominantly involved in innate immune pathways typically associated with antiviral defense, although no viral genes were identified within unmapped reads. Our findings provide genomic targets for further analysis in cattle at highest risk of BRD, suggesting that mechanisms related to type I interferons and antiviral defense may be indicative of viral respiratory disease at arrival and contribute to eventual BRD mortality.
The Difference in TBSA Estimation Between Emergency Room and Burn Unit in Second Tier Hospital in Central Jakarta
Authors: Wardhana Aditya , Winarno Gammaditya A. , Tanjunga Sanjaya F. , Zidna An’umillah Arini , Augiani Amani S. 
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Burn TBSA estimation is essential to administer fluid resuscitation. There are some methods, including Rule of 9 and Lund-Browder Chart. This study aims to identify the difference in TBSA estimation in Emergency Room & Burn Unit.
Method: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study in design. The Inclusion criteria are patients admitted to the Jakarta Islamic Hospital Cempaka Putih (JIHCP) burn unit between April 2015-September 2018, acute patients who have complete demographic data, complete TBSA estimation in the emergency room (ER) and burn unit (BU). Exclusion criteria are patients who do not have complete demographical data and incomplete TBSA estimation between the emergency room and burn unit. The estimation of TBSA in the emergency room is done by General Practitioner, while in the burn unit is done by Plastic Surgeon.
Result: Of all 160 patients admitted, 142 patients are eligible in the inclusion criteria. Most of it was adult males with an average of 28.3 years old, suffering a grade II burn injury caused by scald. There is a higher mean of TBSA estimation in the Emergency room with 15.83 (SD 12.21) compared to the Burn Unit with 12.92 (SD 12.00). The maximum TBSA overestimation in ER reaches 24% TBSA than BU, while the minimum is 0.5%. The Maximum TBSA underestimation in ER reaches 20% TBSA than BU, while the minimum underestimation is also 0.5%. On average, ER overestimates about 6.7% TBSA and underestimates about 2.8% TBSA compared to BU.
Conclusion: The emergency room tends to overestimate the TBSA, with an almost 3% difference in mean (p<0.05). There is an occurrence of a maximum 24% TBSA overestimation while averaging 6.7% TBSA.
A Scoring Model to Predict In-Hospital Mortality in Patients With Budd–Chiari Syndrome
Authors: Thuluvath Paul J. , Alukal Joseph J. , Zhang Talan 
Published: April 2021

INTRODUCTION:
A model that can predict short-term mortality in patients with the Budd–Chiari syndrome (BCS) with a high degree of accuracy is currently lacking. The primary objective of our study was to develop an easy-to-use in-hospital mortality prediction model in patients with BCS using easily available clinical variables.

METHODS:
Data were extracted from the National Inpatient Sample to identify all adult patients with a listed diagnosis of BCS from 2008 to 2017 using ICD-9 or ICD-10 codes. After identifying independent risk factors of in-hospital mortality, we developed a prediction model using logistic regression analysis. The model was built and validated in a training and a validation data set, respectively. Using the model, we risk stratified patients into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups.

RESULTS:
Between 2008 and 2017, we identified a total of 5,306 (weighted sample size 26,110) discharge diagnosis of patients with BCS, with an overall in-hospital mortality of 7.14%. The independent risk factors that predicted mortality were age of 50 years or older, ascites, sepsis, acute respiratory failure, acute liver failure, hepatorenal syndrome, and cancers. The mortality prediction model that incorporated these risk factors had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.87 (95% CI 0.85–0.95) for the training data and 0.89 (95% CI 0.86–0.92) for the validation data. Patients with low-, intermediate-, and high-risk scores had a predicted in-patient mortality of 4%, 30%, and 66%, respectively.

DISCUSSION:
Using a national administrative database, we developed a reliable in-patient mortality prediction model with an excellent accuracy. The model was able to risk stratify patients into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups.
TESTING OF AUTOMATED DRIVING SYSTEMS
Authors: Vaculín Ondřej , Gellrich Michael , Matawa Robert , Witschass Steffen 
Published: April 2021

The automated driving requires new testing approaches, which are more complex than the current testing systems. The complexity and requirements for accuracy is important, because of interconnection of virtual with physical testing. This paper presents a generic approach to testing of automated driving functions and demonstrates its implementation on measurement of two scenarios.Automatizované řízení vyžaduje nové testovací přístupy, které jsou daleko komplexnější než současné testovací systémy. Komplexnost a požadavky na přesnost jsou důležité z pohledu na propojení fyzického a virtuálního testování. Tento článek prezentuje obecný přístup k testování funkcí automatizovaného řízení a demonstruje jeho implementaci na měřeních dvou scénářů.
APLIKASI ARDUINO DAN REMOTE DESKTOP UNTUK PRAKTIK SOGI JARAK JAUH
Authors: Al Manshury Muhammad Said 
Published: April 2021

Kondisi pandemi menyebabkan pembelajaran belum dapat dilakukan secara In Class Training. Termasuk pembelajaran yang berisi praktik. Untuk pembelajaran yang hanya berisi teori tanpa praktik, dapat dilakukan menggunakan aplikasi video conference seperti zoom, google meet, dan lain-lain. Sedangkan untuk pembelajaran yang mengandung praktik tidak bisa optimal jika hanya menggunakan video conference. Untuk itu diperlukan suatu metode untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Permasalahan ini juga terjadi untuk praktik Sistem Otomasi Gardu Induk (SOGI). Pada praktik SOGI, peserta harus bisa mengoperasikan peralatan SOGI, yang memiliki tombol dan display. Salah satu solusi supaya praktik bisa dilakukan secara jarak jauh adalah dengan menggunakan aplikasi arduino dan remote desktop. Untuk aplikasi arduino dibangun dengan hardware arduino, software arduino dan Visual Basic. Sedangkan aplikasi remote desktop menggunakan anydesk atau aplikasi yang sejenis seperti team viewer dan lain-lain. Hardware yang diperlukan untuk praktik secara jarak jauh meliputi : arduino (mega 2560), button pusher, relay 5VDC, komputer, dan webcam. Hasil yang diperoleh dengan menerapkan aplikasi arduino dan remote desktop ini para peserta dari luar UPDL Semarang dapat mengoperasikan peralatan SOGI melalui komputernya masing-masing dengan tingkat keberhasilan 100% yaitu dapat mengoperasikan 10 tombol dan melihat display LCD peralatan SOGI (IED), sehingga praktik SOGI bisa dilakukan jarak jauh.
Webside manner: maskless communication
Authors: Mehta Ankit , Mathews Benji K. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Telemedicine has seen a rapid expansion lately, with virtual visits ushering in telediagnosis. Given the shift in the interpersonal and technical aspects of communications in a virtual visit, it is prudent to understand its effect on the patient-provider relationships. A range of interpersonal and communication skills can be utilized during telemedicine consultations in establishing relationships, and reaching a diagnosis. We propose a construct of “webside manner,” a structured approach to ensure the core elements of bedside etiquette are translated into the virtual encounter. This approach entails the totality of any interpersonal exchange on a virtual platform, to ensure a clinician’s presence, empathy and compassion is translated through this medium.
Fractional calculus, zeta functions and Shannon entropy
Authors: Guariglia Emanuel 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This paper deals with the fractional calculus of zeta functions. In particular, the study is focused on the Hurwitz

ζ

\zeta

function. All the results are based on the complex generalization of the Grünwald-Letnikov fractional derivative. We state and prove the functional equation together with an integral representation by Bernoulli numbers. Moreover, we treat an application in terms of Shannon entropy.
Coloring variants of the Re3B type
Authors: Seidel Stefan , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The Re3B type, space group Cmcm, has boron-centered trigonal prisms as central building units and is one of the basic structure types with numerous binary and ternary representatives. The coloring of different atoms on the two crystallographically independent rhenium sites leads to a manifold of compounds with different bonding peculiarities that are rather isopointal than isotypic with the prototype. Typical compounds are the S-phase precipitate MgCuAl2, the silicide ScPt2Si or the iodide Th0.5Pb0.5I3 (PuBr3 type). Differences in size or composition might force symmetry reductions. This is discussed for YZn3 (space group Pnma) and the different coloring variants ScRhSi2 and TaNi2P which show different twists of the trigonal prisms. Striking singular representatives with lower symmetry structures are BaThBr6 (Pmma) and NbCo2B (P21/c) which allow different ordering/distortion patterns for the prisms. All these crystal chemical details are discussed on the basis of group subgroup schemes (Bärnighausen trees).
Considerations and Guidelines on Athletic Development for Youth Gaelic Athletic Association Players
Authors: Duggan John D. , Moody Jeremy , Byrne Paul , McGahan Jason H. , Kirszenstein Lukasz 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Youth athletic development is important for sports performance and most importantly for life-long participation in sport and physical activity. The physical development of children and adolescents must be considered when programming different bio-motor qualities of physical training. The Gaelic Athletic Association and participation in Gaelic sports is an integral part of children and adolescents' formative years in Ireland with clubs the focal point of both urban and rural communities. This article will offer practitioners an overview of how to progress athletic development, physical literacy, and motor skills for preparation from grassroots to elite intercounty representation. Traditional athletic development models will be discussed and additional considerations, the importance of coaching styles will also be discussed. Practical recommendations are suggested such as the athletic motor skills competencies (AMSC) model (Figure 4), a differentiated movement matrix based on the AMSC from a movement motor skill and strength-based perspective (Tables 3 and 4). Practical guidelines and considerations on how to integrate strength and resistance training throughout stages of athletic development are also provided (Figure 7). This article aims to provide practitioners with an iterative, pragmatic, and evidence-based approach in the athletic development of youth Gaelic sports players from grassroots to elite level participation.
A Review of Striking Force in Full-Contact Combat Sport Athletes: Methods of Assessment
Authors: Lenetsky Seth , Uthoff Aaron , Coyne Joseph , Cronin John 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
With striking force playing such a critical role in the success of full-contact combat sports such as mixed martial arts, taekwondo, and boxing, coaches and scientists must be able to track this performance metric accurately and reliably. This review will cover practitioner understanding of key kinetic variables used in the assessment of striking important concepts relating to the validity, reliability, and reporting of meaningful performance changes in the assessment process, a critique of the methods used to monitor changes in striking forces, and provide practical recommendations for practitioners in the field. This understanding will help coaches and scientists assess and interpret the effectiveness of training.
Elusive Diagnosis of Superﬁcial Peroneal Nerve Entrapment Case report
Authors: Rapčan R. , Kočan L. , Alfredson H. , Sudzina R. , Rapčanová S. , Buriánek M. , Török P. 
Published: April 2021

Isolated neuropathy of the superﬁcial peroneal nerve (SPN) is a relatively rare type of peripheral neuropathy. It is linked to the mechanical entrapment of the SPN in predisposed locations of its anatomical pathway. Associated clinical ﬁndings are insuﬃcient lifting of the latero-dorsal part of the foot, stepping on the lateral border of the foot, and commonly, a strong pain localized in the nerve dermatome.Case report. We describe a case of a 14-year-old female patient with right leg pain lasting 24 months. Repeated neurological examinations with negative ﬁndings on electromyography (EMG) were performed. The patient underwent a Steindler surgery for a suspected diagnosis of a heel spur, without any improvement. Despite complex pharmacotherapy, chronic pain developed. The patient was unable to walk, being bound to a wheelchair. Amputation of her lower limb under the knee was also considered. SPN entrapment was diagnosed at a physical examination at EuroPainClinics. Decompression of the SPN under local anaesthesia was performed at the clinic.Results. The symptoms improved immediately after the procedure, and following 2 months of rehabilitation, the patient was completely symptom-free. Her clinical state remains unchanged until this day.Conclusions. SPN entrapment is not a common diagnosis in the group of pain syndromes. Regarding the lower limb, it is imperative to include it on the list of diﬀerential diagnoses in cases of pain and functional disorders of the lateral muscle groups of the calf and leg. In the case of SPN entrapment, EMG ﬁndings may be negative.
Effect of Acidosis on the Properties of the Glutaminase mRNA pH-Response Element Binding Protein
Authors: LATERZA OMAR F. , CURTHOYS NORMAN P. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract.
The pH-responsive stabilization of the rat renal glutaminase (GA) mRNA during metabolic acidosis is mediated by a pH-response element (pH-RE). The primary pH-RE within the GA mRNA consists of a direct repeat of an 8-base adenosine and uridine—rich sequence, which binds a specific cytosolic protein, the pH-response element binding protein (REBP). The functional analysis of this system was performed in LLC-PK1-F+ cells, a pH-responsive line of porcine proximal tubule-like cells. Cytosolic extracts of LLC-PK1-F+ cells also contain a protein that binds with high affinity to the rat GA mRNA pH-RE. The apparent binding of this protein is increased threefold in cytosolic extracts prepared from LLC-PK1-F+ cells that were grown in acidic medium (pH = 6.9, HCO3- = 10 mM). Extracts prepared from the renal cortext of rats that were made acutely acidotic also exhibit a similar increase in binding to the RNA probe that contains the direct repeat of the pH-RE. The temporal increase in binding correlates with the temporal increase in GA mRNA. Scatchard analysis indicates that the increased binding is due to an increase in both the affinity and the maximal binding of the pH-REBP. Thus, increased binding of the pH-REBP to the GA mRNA may initiate its stabilization and increased expression during acidosis.
Activation of DNA Synthesis and AP-1 by Profilin, an Actin-Binding Protein, via Binding to a Cell Surface Receptor in Cultured Rat Mesangial Cells
Authors: TAMURA MASAHITO , YANAGIHARA NOBUYUKI , TANAKA HIROSHI , OSAJIMA AKIHIKO , HIRANO TAKESHI , HIGASHI KEN , YAMADA KENNETH M. , NAKASHIMA YASUHIDE , HIRANO HIDEYASU 
Published: April 2021

Abstract.
Profilin is known to bind to actin monomers (to regulate actin polymerization) and to phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (to inhibit hydrolysis by unphosphorylated phospholipase C-γl). It was recently reported that profilin is overexpressed in glomerular mesangial cells (MC) of rats with anti-Thy-1.1-induced glomerulonephritis and is accumulated in the extracellular space around MC. In this study, the biologic activities of extracellular profilin were examined. Scatchard analysis indicated the existence of a single class of cell surface binding sites, with similar equilibrium dissociation constants for purified splenic profilin and recombinant profilin, in cultured rat MC. Profilin increased [3H]thymidine incorporation in a dose-dependent manner and produced additive effects on platelet-derived growth factor-induced [3H]thymidine incorporation. Profilin increased AP-1 DNA-binding activity in a concentration-dependent (ED50 = 30 nM) and time-dependent manner after transient c-jun gene expression, as measured using gel-shift assays and competitive reverse transcription-PCR. Pretreatment of profilin with an anti-profilin inhibitory antibody suppressed profilin-induced AP-1 activation and [3H]thymidine incorporation. Furthermore, profilin induced rapid transient activation of protein kinase C, and staurosporine and H-7 reduced the profilin-induced activation of AP-1, suggesting protein kinase C-dependent activation of AP-1. These findings indicate that profilin in the extracellular space can bind to cell surface receptors of MC and act as an inducer of signal transduction. These results suggest that extracellular profilin may be involved in the progression of glomerular diseases, by affecting cell growth.
Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Nephropathy Show Structural—Functional Relationships that Are Similar to Type 1 Disease
Authors: WHITE KATHRYN ELIZABETH , BILOUS RUDOLF WILLIAM 
Published: April 2021

Abstract.
Glomerular structural—functional relationships were investigated in 21 type 2 diabetic patients with proteinuria. Structural parameters were quantified using both light and electron microscopy and standard stereologic techniques. Data were also available on 14 nondiabetic subjects. Mesangial and matrix volume fractions and glomerular basement membrane (GBM) width were increased in type 2 patients when compared with nondiabetic subjects (mean ± SD: 0.45 ± 0.13 versus 0.18 ± 0.03, P < 0.001; 0.28 ± 0.09 versus 0.10 ± 0.02, P < 0.001; and 665 ± 138 versus 361 ± 51 nm, P < 0.001, respectively). An increase in mesangial volume fraction was associated with high levels of proteinuria and low creatinine clearance (r = 0.64, P = 0.002; r = -0.58, P = 0.006, respectively). GBM width and mesangial foot process width (FPWmes) also correlated with proteinuria (r = 0.58, P = 0.006; r = 0.60, P = 0.004, respectively). Volume fraction of interstitium correlated with creatinine clearance (r = -0.58, P = 0.006). Patients had previously been defined by light microscopy as having either diffuse or nodular glomerulosclerosis; those with nodules had larger mesangial and matrix volume fractions and more proteinuria than those classified as diffuse (mean ± SD: 0.51 ± 0.12 versus 0.36 ± 0.08, P = 0.007; 0.32 ± 0.08 versus 0.21 ± 0.05, P = 0.003; median, range: 4.3, 1.1 to 9.6 versus 1.1, 0.9 to 12.7 g/24 h, P = 0.027). Creatinine clearance did not differ significantly between the groups. Type 2 diabetic patients with proteinuria have established glomerulopathy, which is more advanced in those with nodular glomerulosclerosis. Creatinine clearance correlated with both mesangial and interstitial expansion, whereas proteinuria correlated only with glomerular pathology. These results suggest that type 2 patients with advanced nephropathy have structural—functional relationships similar to type 1, consistent with a common pathogenesis, and strongly support an important role of the tubulointerstitium in the role of renal impairment.
Effect of High Extracellular Phosphate Concentration on Arachidonic Acid Production by Parathyroid Tissue In Vitro
Authors: ALMADÉN YOLANDA , CANALEJO ANTONIO , BALLESTEROS EVARISTO , AN[Combining Tilde]ÓN GRACIA , RODRÍGUEZ MARIANO 
Published: April 2021

Abstract.
Recent in vivo and in vitro studies show that high phosphate directly stimulates parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion. However, little is known about the intracellular signaling system involved in the regulation of PTH secretion by extracellular phosphate. High extracellular calcium is coupled to the activation of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and the formation of arachidonic acid (AA), a potent inhibitor of PTH release. The present study was designed to evaluate whether a high phosphate concentration has an effect on the PLA2-AA pathway in parathyroid cells. In vitro experiments were performed in parathyroid tissue obtained from normal rats and dogs. AA production was measured in parathyroid tissue in response to 1- and 4-mM phosphate concentration and after addition of PLA2 to the medium. To determine whether the effect of phosphate on AA production in parathyroid cells was tissue specific, separate experiments were performed to test the effect of phosphate in rat adrenal glomerulosa cells, which are known to increase AA production in response to angiotensin II. The effect of sulfate, an ion with chemical characteristics similar to phosphate, on PTH secretion was also evaluated. In parathyroid tissue, a high phosphate concentration decreased the high calcium-induced AA production. This effect of phosphate was associated with an increase in PTH secretion. The addition of AA reversed the stimulatory effect of phosphate on PTH secretion. In another type of AA-responsive tissue, the adrenal glomerulosa, a high phosphate concentration did not affect the production of AA when stimulated by angiotensin II. In a normal phosphate concentration, the addition of PLA2 stimulated AA production and decreased the PTH secretion. However, in a 4-mM phosphate concentration, the addition of PLA2 did not reduce PTH secretion and did not stimulate AA production. Finally, sulfate did not affect PTH secretion. In conclusion, a high phosphate concentration affects the production of AA by parathyroid tissue. This effect of phosphate may be the mechanism by which a high phosphate concentration stimulates PTH secretion.