bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANTS ALTER INSECTICIDE EFFICACY ON APHIDS IN THE YARD-LONG BEAN AGROECOSYSTEM ?
Authors: Susilo F.X. , Rosmawati Dewi , Yasin Nur 
Published: January 2021

Ants Alter Insecticide Efficacy on Aphids in the Yard-Long Bean Agroecosystem? This study was aimed to detect the relationship between Aphis sp. and ants and to show whether ants could alter insecticide efficacy on Aphis sp. A survey was conducted in the yard-long bean agroecosystems that have been frequently attacked by aphids and for years treated with imidacloprid insecticide (in Mulyosari Village, intensive sample) versus those barely treated in Ganjar Agung Village (non-intensive sample), both in the West Metro municipal area, Lampung. Two sampling occasions were made (in March and November 2005) where 35 plant parts (i.e. 35 flowers and 35 pods) per sample were randomly observed to record the number of Aphis sp. and ants. The efficacy of the insecticide treatment was determined by comparing the mean number of aphids or ants from intensive versus non intensive samples using a t-test at the 0.05 level. The relationships between ant and aphid numbers were determined by calculating their coefficients of correlation and testing them using a t-test at the 0.01 or 0.05 level. The study showed that the long-term application of the insecticide imidacloprid in the yard-long bean agroecosystem 1) might strengthen the relationship between Aphis sp. and ants (especially Solenopsis sp., Camponotus sp. and Paratopula sp.) and 2) was not effective to suppress Aphis sp. number. Stronger Aphis sp. — ant symbiotic relationship might alter the insecticide efficacy on Aphis sp. in the agroecosystem.
Pola Segregasi Sifat Ketahanan Terhadap Soybean Stunt Virus dan Keragaman Genetik FAMILI F2:3 HASIL PERSILANGAN VARIETAS ORBA DAN GALUR B3570
Authors: Mat Akin Hasriadi , Lidya Astri Emi , Barmawi Maimun 
Published: January 2021

Segregation pattern of the Soybean Stunt Virus resistant character and genetic diversity of F2:3 families derived from crosses between Orba and B3570. Soybean stunt disease caused by SSV (Soybean Stunt Virus) is the most destructive soybean disease in Indonesia. This research was conducted from October 2005 to June 2006 at experiment station of Lampung University. The aims of this research were to evaluate the segregation of resistant characters and total genetic diversity of eight populations of F2:3 families. Experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The resistance was evaluated based on the score of disease severity. The results showed that the resistant characters segregate 1:2:1 to susceptible, moderately resistant, and resistant, respectively based on the segregation pattern. The resistant character was controlled by single gene and the action of the gene is noncompletely dominant gene. Eight populations of F2:3 families have high diversities on the yield and yield components.
PARAMETER DEMOGRAFI PARASITOID HEMIPTARSENUS VARICORNIS (GIRAULT) (HYMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE) PADA LALAT PENGOROK DAUN LIRIOMYZA HUIDOBRENSIS (DIPTERA : AGROMYZIDAE)
Authors: Sulaeha Sulaeha , Rauf Aunu , Maryana Nina 
Published: January 2021

Demographic parameter Parasitoid Hemiptarsenus varicornis Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) on Leafminer Liriomyza huidobrensis. Hemiptarsenus varicornis Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) is the most common parasitoid associated with larvae of potato leafminer Liriomyza huidobrensis (Blanchard) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in Indonesia. The leaf miner was reared on redbean. Demographic parameters was determined by observation of 50 larvae. Daily mortality and fertility were calculated using a life table analysis. Life table analysis showed that the net reproductive rate (Ro) was 18.021 females per generation, instrinsic growth rate ( r ) was 0.208 female offspring per female per day, limited increased rate ( ë ) was 1.231 individuals per day, generation time ( T ) was 13.9 days, and total reproduction value (RVx) was 80.847 and its peak was reached when adults were three days old. Leslie matrix simulation showed proportions of parasitoid’s egg, larva, pupa, and adult. Which are 35%, 30,6%, and 18%, respectively were stabilized since 40 days after release.
KARAKTERISASI INDIVIDU WERENG HIJAU NEPHOTETTIX VIRESCENS DISTANT PENULAR AKTIF VIRUS TUNGRO PADI
Authors: Supriyadi Supriyadi , Wijayanti Retno 
Published: January 2021

Characterization of active transmitter among population of the leafhopper, Nephotettix virescens Distant in relation to the transmission of the rice tungro virus. The objective of this research was to identify the characteristics of Nephotettix virescens as the active transmitter of the rice tungro virus. The specimens of N. virescens active transmitter were determined by differing in their ability to transmit the tungro virus to healthy plants. These specimens were used as samples to identify their morphological and molecular characters. Five external morphological characters, namely length of head to abdomen, hind femur, head, fore wing, and length of stylet were measured to determined their character. The protein banding patterns of the active transmitter were identified by protein separating technique on SDS-Page. Based on the morphological characters, especially the length of head to abdomen, hind femur, head, fore wing, and length of stylet, it showed that N. virescens active transmitter and non transmitter were similar. There were no specific morphological characters for N. virescens active transmitter. However, N. virescens active transmitter showed different protein banding pattern. Three distinct protein bands, estimated as 173, 134, and 68 kDa were observed in the specimens of active transmitter. These three protein bands, were absent in the non transmitter.
NEMATODE DIVERSITY IN A RANGE OF LAND USE TYPES IN JAMBI BENCHMARK INDONESIA
Authors: Swibawa I Gede , Aeny Titik Nur 
Published: January 2021

Nematode Diversity in a Range of Land Use Types in Jambi Benchmark Indonesia. This study was conducted in Jambi Benchmark, Indonesia from May 2004 to March 2005. Out of 70 sampling points, 35 soil cores were taken from five land use types including forest less intensive, forest intensive, shrub, tree-based intensive, and crop-based less intensive. From each soil core, 300 ml of soil was extracted by flotation and centrifugation technique using sucrose solution. One hundred randomly picked nematodes from each sample were identified to genus level. The collected data were nematode abundance, number of genera, and trophic groups. The results showed that a total of 100 nematode genera within 31 families and 8 orders were found from soil samples of Jambi Benchmark. The abundance of total nematodes, bacterial feeding, and plant feeding nematodes were low in the intensive land use but high in less intensive land uses, i.e. shrub, intensive forest, and less intensive forest. There was no significant correlation between land use intensity and the diversity of nematode taxa. Nematode maturity indices were not sensitive enough to measure ecosystem disturbance caused by human intervention in Jambi Benchmark.
DETEKSI MENGGUNAKAN PCR (POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION) CANDIDATUS LIBERIBACTER ASIATICUS, PENYEBAB HUANGLONGBING PADA JERUK SIEM DENGAN BEBERAPA TIPE GEJALA PADA DAUN
Authors: Himawan Achmad , Sumardiyono Y.B , Somowiyarjo Susamto , Trisyono Y. Andi , Beattie Andrew 
Published: January 2021

Detection using PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, Huanglongbing causal Organism on Siem Mandarin with different types of symptoms. Huanglongbing (HLB) or Citrus Vein Phloem Degeration (CVPD) is one of major diseases on Siem mandarin in Indonesia. HLB is caused by bacteria Candidatus liberibacter asiatus (LAS). The bacteria only live in the phloem cells of host tree and only recently it was reported to be successfully cultured on agar medium. Early detection method of LAS is needed to support healthy Siem mandarin cultivation program. This research was conducted to detect LAS in different types of HLB leaf symptoms based on Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method with specific primer forward MHO 353 and reverse MHO 354. The results suggested that 8 types of HLB leaf symptoms were found on the samples used in this experiment. LAS was detected at 60% on the leaves without any symptom followed by the leaves with completely chlorosis symptom at 66%. The leaves with unevenly yellow showing higher percentage of LAS detection ranged from 80-86%. PCR technique successfully amplified DNA of LAS with the size target of 600 bp.
TINGKAT KETAHANAN KLON POTENSIAL UBI JALAR LOKAL ASAL NTT TERHADAP HAMA LANAS (Cylas formicarius Fab.)
Authors: Mau Yosep Seran , Ndiwa Antonius SS , Arsa I GB Adwita 
Published: January 2021

A laboratory experiment was carried out to evaluate the potential sweetpotato clones from NTT for the following objectives: 1) to determine resistance level of the clones to sweetpotato weevil (SPW), 2) to investitage the effect of genotype by tuber production site interaction on SPW-resistance level, 3) to identify SPW-resistant clones. Sweetpotato roots employed in the experiment were obtained from two production sites in the fields. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design with a factorial treatment of two factors: sweetpotato genotype (10 clones) and root production sites (two sites). Experimental unit was replicated three times. Variables observed included percentage of SPW-injured root, severity of root injury, number of larva, pupae and imago, and root morphological characters. Quantitative data were subjected to analysis of variance while qualititave data were descriptively analyzed. Results of the study revealed significant interaction effect of genotype by tuber production site on severity of root injury and number of larva+pupae+imago. NBN-01 and NPL-02 produced the lowest (4.50%) and the greatest (67.03%) severity of root injury. NBN-01 was classified “resistant” and NPL-02 was “susceptible” while the remaining eight clones/check varieties were “moderately resistant” to SPW.
KEEFEKTIVAN EKSTRAK BIOTA LAUT AGLAOPHENIA TERHADAP AKTIVITAS ENZIM EKSTRASELULER DAN KANDUNGAN PROTEIN FUSARIUM SERTA PERSENTASE BUSUK BATANG VANILI
Authors: Suada I Ketut 
Published: January 2021

The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of Aglaophenia extract on the activity of cellulase and pectinase, protein content of Fusarium, and percentage of vanilla stem rot. This reasearch was carried out in-vitro with concentration of extract of 2000, 1000, 500, 250, 125, 63, and 0 ppm (w/v). The treatments were also applied on vanilla plant to determine their effect on the stem rot incidence. The results exhibited that the higher the concentration of the extract given, both enzymes activity and mycelial protein content of Fusarium decreased. The decrease of enzymes activity resulted in the decrease of vanilla stem rot percentage. The effectiveness of the extract to suppress stem rot was higher than mancozeb, therefore, the extract could be used as a control agent against vanilla stem rot.
EKSPLORASI POTENSI GULMA SIAM (CHROMOLAENA ODORATA) SEBAGAI BIOFUNGISIDA PENGENDALI PHYTOPHTHORA PALMIVORA YANG DIISOLASI DARI BUAH KAKAO
Authors: Suharjo Radix , Aeny Titik Nur 
Published: January 2021

The research was aimed to investigate: (1) distribution and population of Chromolaena odorata (siam weed) in different land-uses (paddy field, untreated land, houseyard, roadside and river/irigation side) in Bandar Lampung, South Lampung, Tanggamus, and East Lampung; (2) effect of C. odorata extract on in-vitro growth of Phytophthora palmivora, (3) effect of C. odorata extract on development of fruit rot symptom caused by P. palmivora on cocoa pod in the laboratory and in the field. Collecting of P. palmivora isolates and recording distribution and population of C. odorata were conducted in several locations known as endemic areas of cocoa pod rot disease. The effect of C. odorata extract on the growth of P. palmivora on agar media and cocoa pods was determine in the Laboratory of Plant Disease, Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung. Field experiment was performed in a cocoa plantation in Kemiling, Bandar Lampung. The results showed that C. odorata weed can be found in all of the land-uses surveyed, but the highest population was found in the untreated land-use. The tips (young leaves and stems) extract of C. odorata showed a greater inhibition effect on the growth of P. palmivora compared to the root extract. The tips extract showed the best inhibition in-vitro growth of P. palmivora at 40% concentration level, inhibited symptom development on cocoa pods in the laboratory at 50% concentration level, and on cocoa pods in the field at 60% concentration level.
DAMPAK PADI TRANSGENIK MENGEKSPRESIKAN GEN cryIA(b) UNTUK KETAHANAN TERHADAP PENGGEREK BATANG DI LAPANG TERBATAS TERHADAP SERANGGA BUKAN SASARAN
Authors: Mulyaningsih Enung S. , Deswina Puspita , Slamet-Loedin Inez H. 
Published: January 2021

The impact of transgenic rice expressing cryIA(b) gene for stem borer resistance at limited field to non target insects. Transgenic rice plant Rojolele cultivar (lines 6.11(+), 6.11-48, 6.11, 11.21-39, and 11.21-48) that contain cryIA(b) gene from Bacillus thuringiensis was obtained. These lines were expected resistance to stem borer that is considered as one of primary pests. At seven (T6) generation, limited field trial was conducted in Karawang-West Java. Cilosari cultivar (medium resistant control) and IR 62 (susceptible control) were included as standars as well as a non transformed cultivar Rojolele isogenic control and border along with other plants in the surrounding area. The testing was done to meet the biosafety requirements as stipulated in Assessment Guidelines of Living Modified Organism Biosafety Plant Series. Observation was carried out on non targert insect such as other pest insect and general predator in the field. The results showed that non target pest insect white back planthopper (WBP) and bug rice (Leptocorisa oratorius F.) were found in the field with different levels attacks in accordance with their respective population. WBP attacked since the beginning of the planting. WBP population in transgenic plant at the end of the observation indicated the same level of vulnerability as Rojolele control and both were more vulnerable that Cilosari and IR 62. The rice bug attack when plant at tiller filling (immature seed) therefore the data could not be compared with Cilosari and IR 62 because both of cultivars were shorter age than Rojolele. However, the population of L. oratorius between transgenic and control were not significant different. There are three genera of generalist predator observed such as Paederus, Coccinella, and Cyrthorinus. These population were not significant different in all transgenic lines tested (Rojolele control, Cilosari, and IR 62). Thus the results of the experiment proved that transgenic lines tested in Karawang did not have negative impact on the population of other insects.
POTENTIAL IMPACT OF METARHIZIUM ANISOPLIAE ON THE DIAMONDBACK MOTH (LEPIDOPTERA: PLUTELLIDAE) AND ITS PARASITOID DIADEGMA SEMICLAUSUM (HYMENOPTERA: ICHNEUMONIDAE)
Authors: Hasibuan Rosma , Christalia Nilly , Susilo F.X. , Yasin Nur 
Published: January 2021

Potential Impact of Metarhizium anisopliae on the Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) and Its Parasitoid Diadegma semiclausum (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of the Metarhizium anisopliae against the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella and its parasitoid, Diadegma semiclausum. A completely randomized design consisted of 5 treatments (4 concentrations of conidial suspension: 5 x 104, 3.5 x 105, 2.5 x 106, 1.2 x 107 conidia/ml and control) was used. The results indicated that the mortality of P. xylostella larvae were significantly induced by the fungal treatments. A significant reduction in pupation and adult emergence of P. xylostella was also detected in all treatments when compared with that in the control. The fungus might also result in a male-biased sex ratio of the surviving P. xylostella. When applied at a concentration of 1.2 x 107 conidia/ml, M. anisopliae might significantly reduce the survival of the parasitoid, D. semiclausum. Thus, despite its potential as a biological control agent against P. xylostella, the entomomogenous fungus M. anisopliae was also detrimental to the larvae parasitoid D. semiclausum.
BIOPRECIPITACIÓN INDUCIDA CON CACHAZA DE CAÑA DE AZÚCAR COMO MECANISMO POTENCIADOR PARA EL MEJORAMIENTO ESTRUCTURAL DE BLOQUES DE TIERRA COMPRIMIDA
Authors: Castro Veronica Isabel , Loaiza Diana Catalina Rodriguez , Vega Carlos 
Published: January 2021

La bioprecipitación ocurre cuando los microorganismos presentes en el suelo generan precipitados de carbonato de calcio (CaCO3) bien sea de forma natural o inducida mediante la aplicación de nutrientes específicos. Dichos nutrientes pueden ser de origen químico, pero con la desventaja de ser más costosos, o naturales como la cachaza de caña de azúcar, la cual es considerada un residuo y es generada en Colombia en grandes cantidades a partir de la producción de la panela. En este estudio se determinó la capacidad de bioprecipitación de CaCO3 a partir de bacterias aisladas de un suelo franco-limoso proveniente del municipio de Envigado-Antioquia y con éste se elaboraron Bloques de Tierra Comprimida (BTC) a escala en los que se aplicó un nutriente elaborado a base de cachaza de caña y cal para determinar el mejoramiento en su resistencia a los esfuerzos de compresión. Se evaluaron diferentes concentraciones de cachaza de caña y cal, la incidencia del pH del medio y la capacidad de precipitación de las cepas seleccionadas por separado. Se obtuvo un esfuerzo máximo de 74.6 kPa, lo que representó una mejora en la resistencia a los esfuerzos de compresión del 36.7% respecto al control inicial y de un 16.2 % con relación al control con cal. Los resultados demostraron que la cachaza de azúcar sirve como mecanismo potenciador de la bioprecipitación, mejorando la resistencia a la comprensión de los BTC.
MATHEMATICS STUDENTS’ HOTS ASSESSMENT
Authors: Tanujaya Benidiktus , Prahmana Rully Charitas Indra , Mumu Jeinne 
Published: January 2021

Assessment is a crucial aspect of education. A critical point in the evaluation is the validity of the instruments used in conducting the assessment. However, some studies do not pay more attention to this section, which results in the invalid results of the resulting research. This study aimed to map the indicators of the Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) of mathematics students and analyze their existence as components of the instruments. The subjects were 203 senior high school students of science, Manokwari, Indonesia. Test instruments that involved five critical and four creative thinking were used to measure students' HOTS. The data was analyzed using multidimensional scaling (MDS) to map the indicators. The results showed that the five indicators of critical thinking skills form a unified distribution pattern, while the four indicators of creativity tend to spread. Therefore, each indicator used has a unique contribution in explaining the HOTS of mathematics students. Abstrak Penilaian atau evaluasi merupakan aspek penting dari pendidikan. Titik kritis dalam evaluasi adalah validitas instrumen yang digunakan dalam melakukan penilaian. Namun, sejumlah penelitian tidak fokus memperhatikan bagian ini, yang berakibat pada hasil penelitian yang tidak valid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan indikator Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) matematika siswa dan menganalisis keberadaannya sebagai komponen penting pada suatu instrumen. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 203 siswa SMA IPA di Manokwari, Indonesia. Instrumen tes yang melibatkan lima indikator berpikir kritis dan empat indikator berpikir kreatif digunakan untuk mengukur HOTS siswa. Data dianalisis menggunakan multidimensional scaling (MDS) untuk memetakan seluruh indikator. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelima indikator keterampilan berpikir kritis membentuk pola sebaran yang menyatu, sedangkan keempat indikator kreativitas cenderung menyebar. Oleh karena itu, setiap indikator yang digunakan memiliki kontribusi unik dalam menjelaskan HOTS matematika siswa.
ANDROID-BASED MOBILE LEARNING APPLICATION AS A LEARNING EXERCISE FOR STUDENTS
Authors: Faradillah Ayu , Fadilah Diar 
Published: January 2021

This study aimed to develop a mobile learning application as a learning exercise for students in Mathematics learning. The research method used was the Research and Development (R&D) with a Four-D (4D) development model. This study utilized a questionnaire to analyze students’ needs for mobile learning applications in Mathematics learning, which was filled out by 101 students. The analysis was performed using the Rasch Model. The results of the analysis show that students need applications to help the learning process such as collecting assignments that can be done anywhere and at any time as well as features equipped with mathematical symbols to smooth the discussion with teachers and classmates. Therefore, the design of the mobile learning application developed has a database that is divided into 2 local hosts, including those for teachers and students. The database can connect teachers and students, and students can complete assignments anytime and anywhere, and write mathematical symbols. Based on the results of the study, the Cadudasa mobile learning application received a feasibility assessment by media experts with a percentage of 84% in the good category. Student responses to the Cadudasa mobile learning application were 86% in the very good categories. The results of this study indicate that the Cadudasa mobile learning application is considered appropriate to being used as a medium of learning in schools Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengembangkan aplikasi mobile learning sebagai learning exercise bagi siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan model pengembangan Four-D (4D). Penelitian ini menggunakan angket analisis kebutuhan siswa terhadap aplikasi mobile learning dalam pembelajaran matematika dimana total siswa yang mengisi angket sebanyak 101 orang. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rasch Model. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh bahwa siswa membutuhkan aplikasi yang dapat membantu proses pembelajaran seperti pengumpulan tugas yang dapat dilakukan dimanapun dan kapanpun serta adanya fitur simbol-simbol matematika yang memudahkan untuk berdiskusi dengan guru dan teman sekelasnya. Sehingga, desain aplikasi mobile learning yang dikembangkan memiliki database yang dibagi menjadi 2 localhost yaitu untuk guru dan siswa, database tersebut dapat terkoneksi anatara guru dan siswa, kemudian siswa dapat menyelesaikan tugas dengan waktu kapanpun dan dimanapun, dan dapat menuliskan simbol-simbol matematika. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, aplikasi mobile learning Cadudasa mendapatkan penilaian kelayakan oleh ahli media dengan persentase 84% dengan kategori baik. Respon siswa terhadap aplikasi mobile learning Cadudasa mendapatkan hasil 86% dengan kategori sangat baik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa aplikasi mobile learning Cadudasa dinyatakan layak untuk dijadikan sebagai media pembelajaran di sekolah.