bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of TangWang Prescription for Type 2 Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Jin De , Zhang Yuehong , Zhang Yuqing , Huang Wenjing , Meng Xiang , Yang Fan , Bao Qi , Zhang Meizhen , Yang Yanan , Ni Qing , Lian Fengmei , Tong Xiaolin 
Published: March 2021

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common and severe microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), which results in blindness among adults worldwide. Presently, the efficacy of drug treatments for diabetic retinopathy (DR) is not satisfactory, thus urgently necessitating effective drug treatment measures. TangWang prescription (TWP) has been found to have retinal protection effects in previous clinical and basic research. However, there is a lack of rigorous, randomized, and controlled studies. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TWP in delaying the development of DR.Methods: This study is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter clinical trial, consisting of 384 participants to be randomized in a 1:1 ratio in the treatment and control groups. Furthermore, the treatment and control groups will be administered the TangWang prescription and the placebo, respectively, each at a dose of one bag twice a day. The study period will last for 48 weeks. The primary outcome measure will be the changes in the degree of retinal microvascular lesions before and after treatment. The secondary outcome will be changes in the degree of hemangioma, microvascular bleeding, microvascular leakage, macular edema, and vision. All statistical tests will be two-sided, and a p &lt; 0.05 will be considered statistically significant.Discussion: We hypothesize that the patients with DR will benefit from TangWang prescription, and in addition to the central random system and platform of dynamic information collection, the patients’ conditions will be monitored, and the data collected for analysis. If successful, this study will provide evidence that the TWP formulation delays in the progression of DR.Trial registration: The design of this trial has been registered with the ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03025399).
Population Pharmacokinetic Study of Cefathiamidine in Infants With Augmented Renal Clearance
Authors: Du Bin , Zhou Yue , Tang Bo-Hao , Wu Yue-E , Yang Xin-Mei , Shi Hai-Yan , Yao Bu-Fan , Hao Guo-Xiang , You Dian-Ping , van den Anker John , Zheng Yi , Zhao Wei 
Published: March 2021

Objectives: Augmented renal clearance (ARC) of primarily renally eliminated antibacterial agents may result in subtherapeutic antibiotic concentrations and, as a consequence, worse clinical outcomes. Cefathiamidine is frequently used as empirical antimicrobial therapy in children with ARC, but pharmacokinetic studies in infants are lacking. This population pharmacokinetic study in infants with ARC was conducted to determine optimal dosing regimens of cefathiamidine.Methods: The population pharmacokinetics was conducted in 20 infants treated with cefathiamidine. Plasma samples of cefathiamidine were collected using opportunistic sampling, and the concentrations were detected by UPLC-MS/MS. Data analysis was performed to determine pharmacokinetic parameters and to characterize pharmacokinetic variability of cefathiamidine using nonlinear mixed effects modelling (NONMEM) software program.Results: The data (n = 36) from 20 infants (age range, 0.35–1.86 years) with ARC were fitted best with a 1-compartment model. Allometrically scaled weight and age as significant covariates influenced cefathiamidine pharmacokinetics. The median (range) values of estimated clearance and the volume of distribution were 0.22 (0.09–0.29) L/h/kg and 0.34 (0.24–0.41) L/kg, respectively. Monte Carlo simulations showed that the cefathiamidine doses of 100 mg/kg/day q12 h, 50 mg/kg/day q8 h and 75 mg/kg/day q6 h were chosen for bacteria with MIC 0.25, 0.5 and 2 mg/L, respectively.Conclusion: The population pharmacokinetic model of cefathiamidine for infants with ARC was developed. The PTA - based dosing regimens were recommended based on the final model.
Research and Development of a Transportable Optical Ground Station in NICT: The Results of the First Performance Test
Authors: Saito Yoshihiko , Takenaka Hideki , Shiratama Koichi , Munemasa Yasushi , Carrasco-Casado Alberto , Trinh Phuc V. , Suzuki Kenji , Fuse Tetsuharu , Takahashi Yasuhiro , Kubo-oka Toshihiro , Toyoshima Morio 
Published: March 2021

In recent years, the necessity of free-space optical (FSO) communications has increased as a method for realizing high-speed communications between satellites and the ground. However, one disadvantage of FSO communications is the significant influence of the atmosphere. Specifically, FSO communications cannot be utilized under certain atmospheric conditions, especially in the presence of clouds. One of the solutions to this problem is the site diversity technique, which makes it possible to select a given ground station with better atmospheric conditions among a number of fixed ground stations. The other solution is to prepare a ground station that can be moved to a place with better atmospheric conditions. We applied the latter method and developed a transportable optical ground station in NICT. We utilize a realistic telescope diameter, which is about 30 cm at the maximum, capable of being set up quickly, and with a pointing accuracy of about 100 µrad. In addition, it is necessary to prepare a fine-pointing optical system that performs tracking with about 1/10 of the pointing accuracy of the telescope. In this paper, we report the results of the first performance test of the transportable optical ground station in NICT.
The Smart Aging Platform for Assessing Early Phases of Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Bottiroli Sara , Bernini Sara , Cavallini Elena , Sinforiani Elena , Zucchella Chiara , Pazzi Stefania , Cristiani Paolo , Vecchi Tomaso , Tost Daniela , Sandrini Giorgio , Tassorelli Cristina 
Published: March 2021

Background:Smart Aging is a serious game (SG) platform that generates a 3D virtual reality environment in which users perform a set of screening tasks designed to allow evaluation of global cognition. Each task replicates activities of daily living performed in a familiar environment. The main goal of the present study was to ascertain whether Smart Aging could differentiate between different types and levels of cognitive impairment in patients with neurodegenerative disease.Methods:Ninety-one subjects (mean age = 70.29 ± 7.70 years)—healthy older adults (HCs,n= 23), patients with single-domain amnesic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI,n= 23), patients with single-domain executive Parkinson's disease MCI (PD-MCI,n= 20), and patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (mild AD,n= 25)—were enrolled in the study. All participants underwent cognitive evaluations performed using both traditional neuropsychological assessment tools, including the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Overall Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and the Smart Aging platform. We analyzed global scores on Smart Aging indices (i.e., accuracy, time, distance) as well as the Smart Aging total score, looking for differences between the four groups.Results:The findings revealed significant between-group differences in all the Smart Aging indices: accuracy (p&lt; 0.001), time (p&lt; 0.001), distance (p&lt; 0.001), and total Smart Aging score (p&lt; 0.001). The HCs outperformed the mild AD, aMCI, and PD-MCI patients in terms of accuracy, time, distance, and Smart Aging total score. In addition, the mild AD group was outperformed both by the HCs and by the aMCI and PD-MCI patients on accuracy and distance. No significant differences were found between aMCI and PD-MCI patients. Finally, the Smart Aging scores significantly correlated with the results of the neuropsychological assessments used.Conclusion:These findings, although preliminary due to the small sample size, suggest the validity of Smart Aging as a screening tool for the detection of cognitive impairment in patients with neurodegenerative diseases.
Political Trust Influences the Relationship Between Income and Life Satisfaction in Europe: Differential Associations With Trust at National, Community, and Individual Level
Authors: Clench-Aas Jocelyne , Holte Arne 
Published: March 2021

Background: A high level of well-being is associated with personal, community and national income, as well as personal, social and political trust. How these measures relate to each other within and between countries and within and across structural levels of society is largely unknown. To study this, we propose a three-layer nested socio-structural model. Each layer (individual, community, country) contains a measure of income, trust and satisfaction.Method: With this model, we analyzed data from two waves of the European Social Survey (ESS, 2006, 2012) in 19 countries (N = 72,461; weighted N = 73,307) with multilevel techniques. Indicators were personal, community, and national income; personal, social and political trust; and personal life satisfaction, social and political satisfaction.Results: Personal life satisfaction was associated with all income and trust variables. Greatest effect on personal life satisfaction, came from the national level, including political trust and income. However, 2/3 of the variance in personal life satisfaction came from income, that is personal, community and national. Within each socio-structural level, satisfaction was associated with income, but significantly modified by trust. When income and trust at all three levels were included, there was a significant association of the national layer on the social layer, and of the social layer on the individual layer as to the income–personal life satisfaction relationship. Consistent with the “the buffer hypothesis,” all three forms of trust acted as a buffer against the effect of personal income on life satisfaction. Low-trust countries had strong income–personal life satisfaction associations and the moderating role of trust was also stronger. High- and medium-trust countries had no such associations. Likewise, direct associations between political and personal trust were much stronger in the low-trust countries.Conclusion: The model presented in this study provides authorities with a framework for policies that will improve the general well-being of their population. Trust and income strongly influence personal life satisfaction. Money is the most important. However, trust forcefully dampens the effect of income. Politicians who want to enhance their population's personal life satisfaction, should raise the levels of trust in their electorate.
Temel Amino Asitlerin Erkek Pimpla turionellae L. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) Larvalarının Gelişmesine ve Sentezledikleri Protein miktarına Etkileri
Authors: SULANÇ Mehmet 
Published: March 2021

Temel amino asitlerin farklı oranlarının bir endoparazitoid hymenopter türü olan Pimpla turionellae L. erkek larvalarının gelişme hızı ve sentezledikleri protein miktarı üzerine etkileri, larvaların kimyasal yapısı bilinen sentetik besinler kullanılarak aseptik koşullarda beslemek suretiyle incelenmiştir. İzolösin, lösin ve metiyoninin larvaların gelişim hızı ve protein sentezi üzerinde kalitatif ve kantitatif olarak kritik bir etkiye sahip olduğu, izolösin ve lösinin besindeki oranının %50 arttırılması, metiyoninin %50 azaltılması ile hem gelişme hızı hem de protein sentezi üzerinde değişik etkiler yaptığı gösterilmiştir.
Arjinin, histidin, lizin, fenilalanin, treonin, triptofan ve valinin kalitatif ve kantitatif olarak kritik etkisi olmadığına ve kontrol besindeki oranlarının optimal kabul edilmesi gerektiğine karar verildi.
The experience of operating the systems for removing malodorous substances at the wastewater disposal facilities
Authors: Кузьмин В.А. , Клоков А.И. , Джикирба Б.Р. 
Published: March 2021

Для предотвращения распространения неприятных запахов от объектов системы водоотведения ГУП «Водоканал Санкт-Петербурга» ведет постоянный поиск, апробацию и внедрение различных технологий, оборудования и материалов для снижения концентрации дурнопахнущих веществ, поступающих через систему вентиляции в атмосферу. При этом используются основные технологии: адсорбция, биофильтрация, электроразрядные (плазмокаталитические) методы и совместное применение электроразрядных и сорбционных методов. В рамках проведенной работы за последние 10 лет был осуществлен анализ эксплуатационных и экономических аспектов, а также изучена эффективность работы внедренных технологий по удалению дурнопахнущих веществ на объектах ГУП «Водоканал Санкт-Петербурга». Для выбора наиболее эффективных технологий и оборудования была сформирована балльная методика анализа.
To prevent the unpleasant odors spreading from the wastewater disposal system SUE «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg» is carrying out continuous studies and tests, and introduces various technologies, equipment and materials to reduce the concentration of malodorous substances entering the atmosphere through the ventilation system. Herewith, the main technologies used are as follows: adsorption, biofiltration, electrodischarge (plasma-catalytic) methods and the combined use of electrodischarge and sorption methods. As part of the work carried out over the past 10 years, an analysis of the operational and economic aspects was executed, as well as the effectiveness of the implemented technologies for the removal of malodorous substances at the facilities operated by the State Unitary Enterprise «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg» was studied. To select the most effective technologies and equipment, a scoring analysis method was developed.
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL, BUDAYA KERJA DAN KOMITMEN TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA ANGGOTA POLRI BIDPROPAM POLDA SULAWESI SELATAN
Authors: Jaspin Sri Wahyuni , Ruslan Muhlis , Sapiri Muhtar 
Published: March 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan transformasional, budaya kerja, komitmen terhadap kepuasan kerja anggota Polri. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode analisis regresi linear berganda. Sampel diambil dengan teknik “cluster sampling” sebanyak lima puluh empat orang dari populasi sebanyak seratus sembilan belas orang. Dari hasil analisis membuktikan bahwa ada pengaruh signifikan antara gaya kepemimpinan transformasional terhadap kepuasan kerja artinya pimpinan Bidpropam Polda Sulsel telah menciptakan suasana kerja yang demokratis dan berlaku sebagai model dan motivator yang diharapkan anggotanya, demikian pula budaya kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja artinya anggota Polri Bidpropam Polda Sulsel sudah menanamkan nilai-nilai Tribrata dan Catur Prasetya sebagai pedoman dan falsafah hidup dalam setiap pelaksanaan tugas, dan komitmen terhadap kepuasan kerja artinya anggota Polri sudah menunjukkan kebanggaan dan kesetiaan kepada organisasi.
The research objective was to test the effect of transformational leadership, job culture, and commitment on work satisfaction of police officers. This study uses a quantitative approach with multiple regression analysis methods. The samples taken by “cluster sampling” technique were fifty four people out of one hundred and nineteen people. The analysis proves that there is a significant effect of transformational leadership on work satisfaction which means that police chief at the Work Unit in the Profession and Security Sector of the South Sulawesi Regional Police has created a democtratic work atmosphere and acted as a role model and motivator as expected by its members, and also effect of job culture on work satisfaction which means that members of the Police at the Work Unit in the Profession and Security Sector of the South Sulawesi Regional Police already have implemented tribrata and catur prasetya values as a guide and philosophy of life in every task implementation, and commitment on work satisfaction which means that members of the police have shown pride and loyalty to the organization.
UJI EFEKTIVITAS KOMBINASI EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH JERUK PURUT (Citrus histrix DC) DAN SERAI WANGI (Cymbopogon nardus. L) SEBAGAI LOTION ANTI NYAMUK (REPELLENT)
Authors: Fitri Dewi Rahma 
Published: March 2021

Nyamuk merupakan salah satu vektor penyakit pada manusia salah satunya adalah demam berdarah. Upaya pencegahan terhadap penyakit-penyakit tersebut adalah melakukan pengendalian terhadap nyamuk dengan penggunaan anti nyamuk (repellent). Banyak repellent yang beredar mengandung bahan kimia berbahaya yang tidak baik untuk kesehatan yaitu DEET (N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide) menyebabkan efek buruk bagi kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas kombinasi ekstrak kulit buah jeruk purut dan serai wangi sebagai lotion antinyamuk dengan metode uji daya proteksi. Lotion dibuat dengan kadar zat aktif 2% masing-masing perbandingan zat aktif ekstrak kulit jeruk purut dengan serai wangi yaitu 1:1, 0,5:1,5, 1,5:0,5 (b/v). Masing-masing sediaan dihitung daya proteksi terhadap nyamuk aedes aegepty selama penggunaan 6 jam dengan 4 kali pengulangan. Hasil uji daya proteksi sediaan yaitu FI 85%, F II 100% dan F III 90%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa sediaan lotion F II dan FIII mempunyai efektivitas yang baik sebagai antinyamuk.
TINJAUAN FORMULASI PENGHANTARAN NATRIUM ASKORBIL FOSFAT MELALUI PENINGKATAN LIPOFILISITAS
Authors: Nursal Fith Khaira , Nining Nining 
Published: March 2021

Telah dikembangkan pembentukan nanoemulsi senyawa hidrofilik Natrium Askorbil Fosfat melalui modifikasi sifat lipofilisitas untuk meningkatkan permeabilitas molekul kedalam kulit. Natrium Askorbil Fosfat (NAF) adalah senyawa hidrofil turunan Asam askorbat yang lebih stabil dan memiliki potensi antioksidan. Perbaikan lipofilisitas dari senyawa hidrofilik bertujuan melindungi dan mempertahankan molekul dalam fase minyak sehingga permeasi lebih baik menuju lapisan kulit. Pada penelitian ini digunakan senaywa ampifilik lesitin (soya lesitin) dan surfaktan lipofilik Span 20 dan Span 80. Tahap awal dibuat campuran NAF lesitin dan Span 20/80 melalui pembentukan emulsi air dalam minyak (A/M), kemudian dibekukan. Selanjutnyan ditentukan jumlah NAF yang terjerap dalam campuran dan diperoleh masing-masing terpartisi sebesar 73,55% (NAF-Lesitin), 63,65% (NAF-Span 20) dan 55,72% (NAF-Span 80). Sebagai pembanding dari larutan NAF hanya 0,62% terpartisi dalam minyak. Hal ini membuktikan peranan lesiitn dan Span 20/Span 80 mampu melindungi NAF dalam fase minyak. Tahap selanjutnya campuran dibentuk dalam sediaan nanoemulsi dan diperoleh distribusi ukuran diameter globul nanoemulsi NAF ± 65 nm dan indeks polidispersitas 0,256 tanpa campuran. Sementara nanoemulsi campuran NAF-Lesitin/Span20/Span80 rentang diameter 300-450 nm dengan indeks polidispersitas diatas 0,5. Ptensi antiosidan NAF ditentukan dengan metode peredaman larutan DPPH dan diperoleh nilai peredaman 45-50%, membuktikan NAF dalam sistem campuran memliki potensi antioksidan
PENGUKURAN KEPUASAN KONSUMEN PADA KANTIN INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SUMATERA MENGGUNAKAN IMPORTANCE-PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
Authors: Pangastuti Hesti 
Published: March 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kepuasan konsumen di kantin Rumah Kayu, Institut Teknologi Sumatera. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) dan Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI). Metode sampling secara purposif dilakukan dengan jumlah 94 responden, sebagian besar adalah mahasiswa. Atribut yang paling penting berdasarkan persepsi konsumen adalah keamanan dan kebersihan makanan dan minuman yang disajikan, sedangkan atribut yang memiliki performa paling baik adalah variasi menu. Hasil analisis IPA menunjukkan bahwa harga produk, kesesuaian harga dan kualitas, kesesuaian harga dan kuantitas, area makan yang nyaman dan menarik secara visual, dan kecepatan penyajian merupakan atribut-atribut yang memiliki prioritas tinggi untuk diintervensi. Hasil analisis CSI menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kepuasan konsumen adalah 72,33% dan dikategorikan sebagai ‘memuaskan’. Oleh karena itu, perbaikan beberapa atribut diperlukan sesuai dengan prioritas yang disarankan untuk meningkatkan kepuasan konsumen. ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to investigate the level of customer satisfaction in Rumah Kayu cafetaria at Institut Teknologi Sumatera. The study was conducted by using Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) and Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI). Sampling method by purposive sampling was carried out with 94 respondents, mostly were students. The most important attribute from cafeteria customer perception was safeness and cleanliness of food and drink served, whereas the top performance attribute was menu variation. The results of IPA analysis showed that product price, price-quality fairness, price-quantity fairness, dining area comfortability and visual attractiveness, and quick serving were identified as high priorities for intervention. Finding based on CSI analysis showed that the level of customer satisfaction was 72.33% and categorized as ‘satisfied’. Therefore, improvement of some attributes required in accordance with priorities that have been generated by this study in order to improve customer satisfaction. Keywords: CSI, cafeteria, customer satisfaction, food service, IPA
Experiences of midwives in implementing the fifth stage of function in the integrated service posts to prevent anemia in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia
Authors: Mien Mien , Ananda Siti Hadrayanti , Indriastuti Diah , Tahiruddin Tahiruddin 
Published: March 2021

Background: Anemia is an indirect cause of death for pregnant women and women in labor due to bleeding. One of the inabilities of the uterine muscles to contract is caused by anemia. The use of integrated service posts or Posyandu, especially in the fourth and fifth steps as a stage of individual health promotion, should prevent anemia in mothers.Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of midwives in the implementation of the fifth stage of function in integrated service posts in relation to preventing anemia in mothers.Methods: This was a qualitative study with a phenomenological approach conducted from January to November 2020. The participants consisted of eight midwives, two nutritionists, one laboratory analyst, six cadres, and two pregnant women. The participants were selected using accidental sampling in the Poasia Public Health Center working area, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi of Indonesia.Results: The results showed two themes related to the implementation of the fifth stage of the integrated service post activities: pregnancy examination and treatment of anemia.Conclusion: The implementation of the fifth stage in the integrated service postal service has been carried out maximally utilizing the resources owned by the public health center and the community. However, midwives receive additional burdens for its implementation because cadres are less able to provide health education for pregnant women, especially regarding anemia. The study was supported by the Research and Community Engagement Directory (DRPM) of the Republic of Indonesia.