bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
China's Public Health Policies in Response to COVID-19: From an “Authoritarian” Perspective
Authors: Gao Jinghua , Zhang Pengfei 
Published: December 2021

Background: China is generally regarded internationally as an “authoritarian” state. Traditional definitions have assigned many negative connotations surrounding the term of authoritarian. We realize that it might not be considered value-neutral in other countries. But authoritarian in the Chinese context emphasizes more on centralized decision making, collectivism, coordinating all activities of the nation, and public support, which is considered a value-neutral term. Therefore, it is adopted in this paper. We would like to clarify this. Authoritarian governance is considered an important mechanism for developing China's economy and solving social problems. The COVID-19 crisis is no exception. Most of the current research on crisis management and government crises focuses on advanced, democratic countries. However, the consequences of crisis management by authoritarian governments have not been fully appreciated. Although prior research has addressed authoritarian initiatives to manage crises in China, authoritarian interventions have rarely been theorized in public health emergencies.Methods: Based on a literature review and theoretical analysis, we use a descriptive and qualitative approach to assess public health policies and mechanisms from an authoritarian perspective in China. In light of the key events and intervention measures of China's government in response to COVID-19, the strategic practices of the Communist Party of China (CPC) to construct, embody, or set political goals through authoritarian intervention in public health crisis management are discussed.Results: China's government responded to the COVID-19 pandemic with a comprehensive authoritarian intervention, notably by establishing a top-down leadership mechanism, implementing a resolute lockdown, rapidly establishing square cabin hospitals, enhancing cooperation between different government departments, mobilizing a wide range of volunteer resources, enforcing the use of health codes, imposing mandatory quarantine on those returning from abroad, and implementing city-wide nucleic acid testing. These measures ensured that China was able to contain the outbreak quickly and reflect on the unique role of the Chinese authoritarian system in responding to public health crises.Conclusions: Our paper contributes to expanding the existing understanding of the relationship between crisis management and authoritarian system. China's response to COVID-19 exemplifies the unique strengths of authoritarian institutions in public health crisis management, which is a helpful and practical tool to further enhance the CPC's political legitimacy. As a socialist model of crisis management with Chinese characteristics, it may offer desirable experiences and lessons for other countries still ravaged by the epidemic.
Ultrasound Imaging of Head/Neck Muscles and Their Fasciae: An Observational Study
Authors: Pirri Carmelo , Fede Caterina , Fan Chenglei , Guidolin Diego , Macchi Veronica , De Caro Raffaele , Stecco Carla 
Published: December 2021

Background: Masticatory muscle thickness provides objective measurements of the temporomandibular motor function, which may change in patients with oral myofascial pain. Moreover, they are considered as being part of the craniocervical unit by a crucial relationship with cervical muscles and their fasciae. In this study, we aimed to assess by ultrasound (US) imaging the fasciae of the masseter, temporal, and sternocleidomastoid muscles to understand their mean thickness and eventual variation in relationship with the muscles, sides, and sex.Methods: We studied 16 healthy volunteers without temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Concerning each subject were evaluated the range of motion of the temporomandibular joint and of the neck, the thickness of muscles and their fasciae of both sides, and the delta of muscle thickness.Results: All the motor evaluations of the subjects showed normal ranges. The US results showed that the fasciae have a mean thickness of 0.50 ± 0.1 mm, which did not change during muscle contraction. The evaluated muscles presented a symmetry between right and left (p &gt; 0.05), even if the delta of muscle (US) thickness had a huge range between different subjects, for example in the masseter muscle from 0.7 to 4.2 mm.Conclusions: Ultrasound imaging is a suitable and reliable tool to study the muscles and fasciae of the head and neck region, permitting also the evaluation of the ability of the muscles to contract. Finally, identifying functional asymmetry that could become symptomatic, US imaging could allow an early rehabilitation treatment.
The Impact of Community Generated PPE During the SARS-COV-2 Pandemic in Southeast Alabama and Gulfport Mississippi
Authors: Buttars Benjamin , Fountain Leigh , Goodwin Joseph , McLean Jessica , Olsen John , Hatton Trey , Grant William C. , Vasauskas Audrey , Hamilton Caleb , Clemmons Martin 
Published: December 2021

Background: The early stages of the SARS-COV-2 pandemic left many hospital systems devoid of personal protective equipment. Community-driven groups manufactured Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) as a form of temporary replacement until supply could increase to frontline healthcare workers. The purpose of this study was to survey hospital systems in Alabama and Mississippi who requested and received PPE to determine recipient opinions concerning community involvement.Methods: A 15-question Qualtrics survey was distributed to hospital systems who requested and received community-generated PPE (CGPPE) from the group known as Alabama Fighting COVID. 275 responses were gathered over a period of 6 months.Results: Survey data showed that most respondents from healthcare and healthcare-associated professions responded that wearing community generated personal protective equipment provided them with the perception of added protection (55.31% of participants selected either “Agree” or “Strongly Agree”), and that it improved their outlook and desire to work during the pandemic (51.77% of participants selected either “Agree” or “Strongly Agree”).Conclusions: Most respondents reported that wearing community generated personal protective equipment not only provided them with the perception of added protection, but that it improved their outlook and desire to work during the pandemic. With these responses in mind, our study raises questions concerning whether local CGPPE distribution could improve well-ness outcomes of healthcare workers (HCWs) not only in relation to decreased viral transmission, but also in favorable psychosocial health assessments. Further implications for research concerning community involvement during future medical crises are indicated, especially with the current rise of the delta variant strain.
Acute Behavior of Oxygen Consumption, Lactate Concentrations, and Energy Expenditure During Resistance Training: Comparisons Among Three Intensities
Authors: João Gustavo A. , Almeida Gustavo P. L. , Tavares Lucas D. , Kalva-Filho Carlos Augusto , Carvas Junior Nelson , Pontes Francisco L. , Baker Julien S. , Bocalini Danilo S. , Figueira Aylton J. 
Published: December 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the oxygen consumption, lactate concentrations, and energy expenditure using three different intensities during the resistance training sessions.Methods: A total of 15 men (22.9 ± 2.61 years) experienced in resistance training underwent 3 sessions composed of 8 exercises (chest press, pec deck, squat, lat pull-down, biceps curl, triceps extension, hamstring curl, and crunch machine), which were applied in the same order. The weight lifted differed among the sessions [high session: 6 sets of 5 repetitions at 90% of 1-repetition maximum (1-RM); intermediary session: 3 sets of 10 repetitions at 75% of 1-RM; and low session: 2 sets of 15 repetitions at 60% of 1-RM]. The oxygen consumption (VO2)—during and after (excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC)) the session, blood lactate concentration, and energy expenditure (i.e., the sum of aerobic and anaerobic contributions, respectively) were assessed.Results: The VO2 significantly decreased in the function of the weight lifting (F(2.28) = 17.02; p &lt; 0.01; ηG2 = 0.32). However, the aerobic contributions significantly increase in the function of the weight lifting (F(2.28) = 79.18; p &lt; 0.01; ηG2 = 0.75). The anaerobic contributions were not different among the sessions (p &gt; 0.05; ηG2 &lt; 0.01). Thus, the total energy expenditure during the session (kcal) significantly increased in the function of the weight lifting (F(2.28) = 86.68; p &lt; 0.01; ηG2 = 0.75). The energy expenditure expressed in time unit (kcal·min−1) was higher in low session than in high session (F(2.28) = 6.20; p &lt; 0.01; ηG2 = 0.15).Conclusion: The weight lifted during resistance training-induced different physiological responses, which induced higher energy expenditure per unit of time during the low session.
Taxonomic Revision of Eastern Part of Western Palaearctic Cordulegaster Using Molecular Phylogeny and Morphology, with the Description of Two New Species (Odonata: Anisoptera: Cordulegastridae)
Authors: Schneider Thomas , Vierstraete Andy , Müller Ole , van Pelt Gert Jan , Caspers Max , Ikemeyer Dietmar , Snegovaya Nataly , Dumont Henri J. 
Published: December 2021

Taxonomy of the genus Cordulegaster Leach in Brewster, 1815 in the Eastern part of the Western Palaearctic is poorly resolved. A two-step approach was applied: sequences of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA fragments were used to sort specimens; poorly known or new taxa with their phenotypic variation were described. The existence of two traditional groups (boltonii- and bidentata-group) was confirmed. Cordulegaster coronata Morton, 1916, however, belongs to a different group. Molecular-analysis supported three known and one new species (C. heros Theischinger, 1979, C. picta Selys, 1854, C. vanbrinkae Lohmann, 1993, and C. kalkmani sp. nov.) in the boltonii-group. In the bidentata-group, all specimens from West-Turkey belonged to C. insignis Schneider, 1845, all specimens further east to a complex of four closely related species, which we name charpentieri-complex (C. amasina Morton, 1916, stat. rev., C. mzymtae Bartenev, 1929 C. charpentieri (Kolenati, 1846), stat. rev. and C. cilicia sp. nov.). The following taxa: C. insignis nobilis Morton, 1916, syn. nov., C. nachitschevanica Skvortsov and Snegovaya, 2015, syn. nov. C. plagionyx Skvortsov and Snegovaya, 2015, syn. nov. and the Caucasian subspecies C. insignis lagodechica Bartenev, 1930, syn. nov., were synonymized with C. charpentieri. Finally, we provide a key for all Western Palaearctic Cordulegaster.
Composición química y biotoxicidad del alga roja Kappaphycus alvarezii Doty (Solieriaceae)
Authors: Haydelba D’Armas , Marylin Neyra , Mary Isabel Segnini , Leonor Brito , Barrios Jorge 
Published: December 2021

Se realizó un estudio fitoquímico y de bioactividad a los extractos en cloroformo, acetato de etilo y metanol del alga Kappaphycus alvarezii Doty (recolectada en la Isla de Cubagua, Venezuela). Los valores de CL50 en el bioensayo realizado con todos los extractos obtenidos, mostraron toxicidad ante larvas del crustáceo Artemia salina (CL50 < 300 μg.ml-1). Mediante cromatografías en columna y capa fina preparativa, se fraccionaron continuamente los extractos en cloroformo y en acetato de etilo, analizándose algunas subfracciones obtenidas mediante CG-EM e identificándose algunos de sus constituyentes por sus patrones de fragmentación y comparación de sus espectros de masas con los existentes en la base de datos. Encontrándose que la fracción A2 proveniente del extracto en acetato de etilo presentó como componentes mayoritarios al ácido hexadecanoico, dibutilftalato y el compuesto esteroidal colestano; además de 2,6- diter-butilciclohexa-2,5-dieno-1,4-diona, 6,10,14-trimetil-2-pentadecanona, ácido 2- fenilacético y 1-(1-propoxi) propano. Mientras que la fracción FD del extracto en cloroformo exhibió a los ácidos grasos saturados palmítico, esteárico y mirístico, como componentes abundantes; y en menor proporción a la 3-etil-4-metil-1H-pirrol-2,5-diona. En la fracción EM7 proveniente del fraccionamiento del extracto metanólico, se logró identificar al ácido octadecanoico a través de RMN uni y bidimensional. En la fracción FG del extracto en cloroformo, se caracterizó al 1-fenilbutan-1-ol, mediante esta misma técnica espectroscópica. Los distintos metabolitos secundarios identificados constituyen el primer reporte para K. alvarezii y posiblemente sean los responsables de la bioactividad in vitro observada. Se puede inferir que esta alga roja es una fuente promisoria de compuestos bioactivos.
Editorial: Transmitiendo ciencia para el desarrollo de la acuicultura en Iberoamérica
Authors: Lodeiros César 
Published: December 2021

Arribamos a este sexto número de AquaTechnica, ya con cierta holgura por recibir más manuscritos para su evaluación y publicación, producto de lo que entendemos como el comienzo del reconocimiento de nuestra revista, gracias a las evaluaciones recibidas por repositorios e índices de divulgación científica. Debido a ello, el Instituto de Posgrado de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí (Ecuador), ha seleccionado a AquaTechnica como revista indexada que cumple las condiciones para que su alumnado pueda publicar trabajos de investigación en función de cumplir con el prerrequisito de formación de cuarto nivel que, por ley, exige el postgrado a sus estudiantes para la titulación.

Con el presente número, AquaTechnica ha publicado ya 31 artículos científicos (22 artículos originales, 4 comunicaciones cortas, 3 ensayos y 2 revisiones) con una tasa de rechazo de un 25% de los manuscritos recibidos, tras la evaluación de al menos 2 especialistas pares, gestionando así un aporte al conocimiento científico y al desarrollo de la acuicultura que, esperamos, siga creciendo. Por otra parte, AquaTechnica también ha sido para muchos autores escuela para publicar, ya que nuestros revisores, editores y comité editorial, son conscientes de que tienen la tarea de evaluar no solo la validez e impacto del manuscrito, sino de mejorarlo para que el conocimiento aportado se exprese de la forma más adecuada posible por los canales de divulgación científica.
Crecimiento y supervivencia de juveniles de chame Dormitator latifrons (Richardson 1844) alimentados con dietas a base de sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L. 1753, Plantae: Euphorbiaceae)
Authors: Zambrano-Andrade Víctor Hugo , Panta-Vélez Rodolfo Patricio , Isea-León Fernando Ramón 
Published: December 2021

Se realizó un trabajo experimental con juveniles de chame Dormitator latifrons con el objeto de evaluar la sustitución de harina de pescado en un alimento balanceado por harina de torta de sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis) y su efecto en el crecimiento y la supervivencia en cultivo intensivo. Un total de 360 organismos con peso promedio de 49,7 ± 4,42 g, fueron distribuidos al azar en doce tanques de geomembrana de 2 m de diámetro con 2000 L de agua/tanque, con una densidad de siembra de 15 chames/m3, durante 100 días. Se utilizaron cuatro dietas experimentales con 35% de proteína cruda: D1 (50% harina de sacha inchi-HSI y 50% harina de pescado-HP), D2 (75% HSI y 25% HP), D3 (100% HSI) y DC (100% HP), cada una con tres réplicas. Al final del estudio no hubo diferencias significativas tanto en las supervivencias (> 98,89%), como en incremento de peso de los peces entre los tratamientos dietéticos, pero con una elevada variabilidad de respuestas (6,9 - 14,2 g). Adicionalmente, las relaciones longitud total-peso total de las diferentes dietas no mostraron variaciones significativas, sugiriendo condiciones fisiológicas similares. Las tasas de crecimiento en el presente estudio son menores a las reportadas en investigaciones previas con piensos comerciales, dónde la densidad de siembra fue menor (hasta la mitad de la utilizada en el presente estudio). Los resultados muestran que, el uso de harina de sacha inchi es equiparable al uso de harina de pescado, lo cual sugiere la factibilidad del uso de sacha inchi como sustituto de harina de pescado en dietas balanceadas, aun en altas proporciones.
Justification of the choice of indicators for assessing load hypoxia in humans and laboratory animals
Authors: Kim A.E. , Shustov E.B. , Lemeshchenko A.V. 
Published: December 2021

In a study on healthy athletes of the track and field profile, it was shown that the hypoxia of physical activity is most fully reflected by the indicator of specific oxygen debt (maximum oxygen debt divided by 1000 J of work performed). When simulating load hypoxia in laboratory animals, direct registration of the arising oxygen debt is technically difficult to implement, and its indirect signs may be a decrease in peripheral blood saturation, excessive tachycardia, and hyperlactatemia of the post-load period.
Key words: hypoxia of physical activity, oxygen debt, athletes, laboratory animals, blood lactate, physical activity.
Development of an original method for the repair of paracolostomy hernias
Authors: Kiselev V.E. 
Published: December 2021

The proposed surgical procedure was studied on six unfixed male human cadavers. The removal of the end colostomy and paracolostomy hernia with subsequent intra-abdominal implantation of a previously prepared hernioprosthesis from the xenopericardium were modeled on the corpses. The use of the proposed method for the repair of paracolostomy hernias, including the use of a xenopericardial plate as an endoprosthesis according to an original technique, has shown its consistency and prospects for use on clinical material. Further studies associated with the use of the proposed technique of paracolostomy hernia repair in clinical practice seem promising.
Key words: Colostomy, paracolostomy hernia, implantation, hernioprosthesis, xenopericardium.
Role of ACE gene polymorphism (RS4646994) in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension formation in person performing task in the Arctic region
Authors: Lemeshchenko A.V. , Kim A.E. 
Published: December 2021

The results of content analysis of the role of polymorphism of the ACE gene genotype (RS4646994) in persons employed in the Arctic region are presented. It has been shown that it can be recommended as a universal marker in the diagnosis of not only essential hypertension, but other diseases of the cardiovascular system. In order to reduce the risk of developing pathological conditions, when planning official activities in the Arctic region, it is advisable to build professional selection, taking into account not only their genetic predisposition, but also the body's ability to maintain homeostasis.
Key words: Arctic, polymorphism, ACE gene (RS4646994), arterial hypertension, homeostasis.
Morphofunctional features of proliferating cells exposed to PSMA peptide
Authors: Mikheeva N.A. , Drozhdina E.P. , Kurnosova N.A. 
Published: December 2021

The effect of the synthetic PSMA peptide on dividing cells of laboratory animals was studied. The experiment was carried out on male white laboratory mice of the BALB/c-line. The toxic effect of PSMA peptidi was evaluated at therapeutic (1.4 μg / kg of animal weight or 0.04 μg / animal) and subtoxic (140 μg / kg of animal weight or 4.0 μg / animal) doses. The cytotoxic effect of PSMA peptide on red bone marrow cells and cambial intestinal cells of the of laboratory mice was determined. A decrease in the proliferative activity of the colon crypt cells was revealed upon administration of a subtoxic dose of the PSMA peptide and there were no signs of toxic damage to the red bone marrow cells of animals.
Key words: toxicity, proliferation, synthetic peptides, mitotic index, micronucleus test.
Preparation of copper pectate preparation for use in medical practice
Authors: Mikheeva L.A. , Shchelkaev S.A. , Mikheeva A.V. 
Published: December 2021

Currently, the processes of complexation of various ligands, including biopolymers with metals, attract the attention of scientists from different countries not only in order to obtain new data on the methods of synthesis and properties of metal complexes, but also in connection with the search for ways to obtain new effective biologically active drugs among them.
Since the life around us is oversaturated with various artificially produced drugs that have a negative effect on the human body, today, more than ever before, the question arises of using natural, environmentally friendly ingredients instead of synthetic ones, for example, such as pectin. The study of the structural parameters and physico-chemical properties of complexes of pectin substances with metals will significantly expand the scope of their practical use.
Key words: metal complexes, pectin, copper pectate, complex formation.
Assessment of the adaptive state of students based on the analysis of heart rate variability indicators
Authors: Mishchenko N.V. , Lyalyakin S.V. , Shirkin L.A. , Knyazeva E.S. , Trifonova T.A. 
Published: December 2021

In the course of the study, the adaptive state of VlSU students was assessed by temporal, spectral, cardiointervalographic and integral indicators of heart rate variability. The characteristic of the state of the regulatory systems of students is given. The obtained results can serve as a certain addition to the understanding of the peculiarities of the process of adaptation of young students in the conditions of studying at higher school.
Key words: heart rate variability (HRV), students, adaptation, regulatory systems, sympathetic and parasympathetic influence.
Ecomonitoring of water protected natural areas of the Ulyanovsk region on the example of the Yulovsky pond
Authors: Rassadina E.V. , Viderker M.A. 
Published: December 2021

The Ulyanovsk region is rich in water natural monuments, and the Yulovsky pond is one of the oldest. At the same time, there is no generally accepted methodology for conducting environmental monitoring for protected water bodies. We propose one of the options for the methodology for assessing the anthropogenic load on protected water bodies in order to optimize the protection regime of these territories.
Key words: Yulovsky pond, ecological monitoring, specially protected natural area, chemical analysis of water, analysis of vegetation.
Influence of water concentration on the content of protein and nucleic acids in organs of chick embryos of different ages
Authors: Turganbaeva A.S. 
Published: December 2021

The study was carried out in 10-, 14-15-, 18-20-day-old embryos and 1-2-day-old chickens of the Hy-Line breed. In chickens during embryogenesis, the peculiarities of the relationship between the main indicator of the ontogenetic growth of organs and tissues - the content of intracellular water by previously measured values: with the concentration of protein and nucleic acids in the organs of chicken embryos of different ages - were assessed.
It was found that in the period of 10-19 days of embryogenesis, the growth of organs is accompanied by a significant decrease in water content to varying degrees: noticeably higher in the liver and in the cerebral hemispheres - up to 14 days; from the 19th day, these changes are less pronounced. The results of the studied indicator in the muscles indicate advanced embryonic development with a more pronounced decrease in the water content in the red oxidative muscles in comparison with white muscles, where the decrease in the indicator is less pronounced.
Key words: chicken embryos, protein, nucleic acid, water content, pectoralis alba and gastrocnemius muscle.