bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vygotsky’s Zone Of Proximal Development and The Students’ Progress in Learning (A Heutagogcal Bibliographical Review)
Authors: Lasmawan I Wayan , Budiarta I Wayan 
Published: June 2021

Inspired by the belief that Man’s power to change himself, that is, to learn, is perhaps the most impressive thing about him, the present study employs a library research with annotated bibliography to highlight the heutatgogical philosophy behind Vygotsky’s concept of Zone of Proximal Development. It is argued that the students’ learning progress results from the students’ personal experience, in which the students learn actively, establishing the students as the agents of learning. With this concept, it is believed that the students’ independent learning process can deliver them to the next level of their respective zone of potential development, from which process the zone of potential development will become the students’ zone of actual development, through which the students will enter their next zone of potential development, and so forth. This Heutatogical thinking is founded on the basic premise that (1) learning is centered and determined by the students, (2) the students’ capability in applying relevant skills in familiar and unfamiliar conditions, (3) the students’ reflective and metacognitive process, (4) multiple repetitions, and (5) non-linear learning. Learning process in Vygotsky’s concept Zone of Proximal Development can be applied in Heutatogical thinking through (1) the settlement of learning contract, (2) improving the learning activities, and (3) learning assessment with heutatogical deisgns, namely exploration, creation, collaboration, connection, sharing, and reflection. However, it is important to highlight in the implementation of this Vygotskian Heutogogical learning is that the students’ backgrounds and characteristics should be closely observed, with a close monitoring of the possible conflicts occurring during the learning process as they develop their sense of responsibility as they conduct their independent learning collaboratively, which might be novel for students accustomed with conventional learning.
MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus ON CHILI PEPPER IN NUSA PENIDA ISLAND
Authors: Selangga Dewa Gede Wiryangga , Listihani Listihani 
Published: June 2021

Molecular identification of Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus on chili pepper in Nusa Penida Island. Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus (PYLCV) has been reported as caused yellow leaf curl disease in Bali Island since early 2012. Dominant symptoms of PYLCV infection in chili pepper were yellowing, leaf curl, yellow mosaic, and mottle. Bemisia tabaci, has been known to vector on the case yellow leaf curl disease. Observations on the Nusa Penida Island in 2020 showed symptoms such as yellow leaf curl disease, however, identification of PYLCV in Nusa Penida Island has not been studied. Molecular identification was conducted using polymerase chain reaction and sequence analysis. Data collected in this study was disease symptoms and disease incidence. The results showed that dominant disease symptoms caused by virus from Nusa Penida were yellow mosaic, yellowing, and mottle. Universal DNA fragments of 912 bp were successfully amplified from 50 leaf samples using Begomovirus degenerate primers SPG 1 (5’-CCCCKGTGCGWRAATCCAT-3’) and SPG 2 (5’ATCCVAA YWTYCAGGGAGCT-3’). Sequence analysis showed that the isolate from Nusa Penida was a Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus with a 98–100% homology with several reference isolates.
Capital Buffer dan Faktor Penentunya di Indonesia
Authors: Tasman Abel 
Published: June 2021

Capital buffer is defined as the difference between the bank's capital ratio and the capital adequacy ratio (Capital Adequacy Ratio) or CAR imposed by the Central Bank. Capital buffers can be used as capital reserves in times of various economic shocks so as to minimize risks faced by banks. A bank that has a high capital buffer reflects a high CAR as well, while a CAR that is too high is also not profitable for the bank, because this capital should be used for lending and investing in an effort to maximize profits. This study aims to determine the determinants of going public banking capital buffer in Indonesia for the period 2014 to 2018. The sample selection is based on purposive. Acting as the dependent variable is the capital buffer and the independent variables are ROE, NPL, Lag of capital buffer (〖BUFF〗 _ (t-1)), Size and GDP. This study used multiple regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that the selected determinants of the capital buffer of going public banking in Indonesia are adjustment costs and the business cycle. Adjustment costs have a positive and significant effect on the capital buffer of going public banking in Indonesia and the business cycle has a negative and significant effect on the capital buffer of go public banking. public in Indonesia. Thus, the sample companies can optimize their capital buffer which can be ideal in order to maximize profits by considering the two factors above.
DEVELOPMENT OF INTERACTIVE LEARNING MEDIA EDUGAME USING ADDIE MODEL
Authors: Ranuharja Fadhli , Ganefri Ganefri , Fajri Bayu Ramadhani , Prasetya Febri , Samala Agariadne Dwinggo 
Published: June 2021

In line with the district development program of Dharmasraya regency, namely the Dharmasraya Smart City Program and the implementation of Dharmasraya Smart Education, Edugame is currently one of the favourite innovations being used in the teaching and learning process for the primary school students. This study was aimed at creating a learning innovation using Edugame as a media for conveying information to students as well as inviting students to play. In addition, the approach method used was in the form of media development using the ADDIE (Analysis Design Develop Implementation and Evaluation) development method. This development method was started by conducting the field observations, then designing the Edugame interface to evaluate the shortcomings of the Edugame. From the results of the whiteboard test, it was proven that this application had succeeded in delivering learning materials to primary school students of SDN 08 Pulau Punjung, Dharmasraya Regency, West Sumatra. In sum, the teachers are assisted by the Edugame since the students learn independently to explore each Edugame and try to get the highest score.
Keywords: Learning Media; Edu-Game; Learning Innovation; ADDIE.
Functionality, Impact, and Satisfaction of a Web-Based and Mobile Application Support Program for Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Bellon-Harn Monica , Manachaiah Vinaya 
Published: June 2021

This paper presents the functionality, impact and satisfaction of a self-management web-based or mobile application student support program (i.e., College Connect) for post-secondary students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (PSS-ASD) in the United States. Five professionals and four successful college graduates with ASD evaluated College Connectand completed an intervention satisfaction rating and an ePlatform performance questionnaire. College Connect and ePlatform function was modified based on reviewers’ feedback. Following modification, the program was piloted with three high school seniors and one freshman at a two-year college with ASD. Results pointed toward strengths and limitations of the program protocol and future directions.
Analisis Keterampilan Mengajar Mahasiswa Pendidikan Fisika Pada Mata Kuliah Microteaching
Authors: Nurmasyitah Nurmasyitah 
Published: June 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui keterampilan dasar mengajar mahasiswa pendidikan fisika pada mata kuliah microteaching. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 19 mahasiswa angkatan 2018 Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar rubrik penilaian keterampilan mengajar. Teknik analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh mahasiswa dalam latihan megajar I dan II antara lain: (1) Keterampilan membuka pelajaran dengan kriteria terampil, dengan nilai sebesar 73,45 dan 78,39; (2) Keterampilan menjelaskan dengan kriteria terampil, dengan nilai sebesar 74,81 dan 79,04; (3) Keterampilan bertanya dengan kriteria terampil, dengan nilai sebesar 72,91 dan 76,16; (4) keterampilan mengadakan penguatan dengan kriteria terampil, dengan nilai sebesar 75,19 dan 78,88; (5) Keterampilan mengadakan variasi dengan kriteria terampil, dengan nilai sebesar 74,21 dan 80,12; (6) Keterampilan menutup pelajaran dengan kriteria terampil, dengan nilai sebesar 74,79 dan 79,56 (7) Menyiapkan perangkat RPP dengan kriteria terampil, dengan nilai sebesar 75,21 dan 79,84. Mahasiswa yang mengikuti mata kuliah microteaching, diharapkan mengetahui keterampilan dasar mengajar. Sehingga mahasiswa siap untuk melaksanakan praktek mengajar langsung ke sekolah.
THE IMPLEMENTATION STUDY OF STORING AND REPORTING OF NARCOTICS AND PSYCHOTROPICS AT PHARMACIES IN DENPASAR CITY, BALI PROVINCE
Authors: Putra Nugraha Arie Dharma , Hendra Kadek , Gelgel Wirasuta I Made Agus 
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Storage and reports of narcotics and psychotropics in pharmacy must be carried out according to standard operating procedures which are based on legislation on maintaining safety, efficacy, and quality of the drugs. Objective: This study aimed to observe the implementation process of narcotics and psychotropic storing and reporting in accordance to the law in force in several pharmacies in Denpasar City. Methods: Five biggest pharmacies located in Denpasar City were picked by a purposive sampling method. This study used a descriptive observational method to provide a brief overview of the term and condition of narcotics and psychotropic storing and reporting that implemented in real-time in the pharmacies. Results: Overall, the study revealed that the majority of pharmacies were successfully in term of fulfilling the various aspects of narcotics and psychotropic storing and reporting, including the storage of drugs at the special cabinets, in special the implementation process of narcotics and psychotropic that cited in the Regulation of The Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 73 of conditions according to safety and stability, FEFO and FIFO systems, manual and electronic stock cards system, separation of damaged and/or expired drug, inventory stock, and compliance and completeness of reporting using SIPNAP. Conclusion: Responsible pharmacist must always evaluate the storage and reporting of narcotics and psychotropic in the pharmacy to guarantee quality and maintain suitability of the pharmaceutical services process according to established standards.
Keywords: forensic pharmacy, storing and reporting, narcotics and psychotropic, legislation
A REVIEW OF PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDIES OF Piper retrofractum Vahl.
Authors: Leliqia Ni Putu Eka , Wardani Ni Komang Sri Lumbung Artha 
Published: June 2021

Background: Javanese long pepper (Piper retrofractum Vahl.) is a plant that commonly found in Southeast Asia and is empirically used to treat various diseases. It is known that the phytochemical content in plants is one factor responsible for its pharmacology activities. The study of the pharmacological effects of herbal ingredients both pre-clinically and clinically is an attempt to prove their empirical properties. Aims: This review article aims to provide information to academics and the public regarding phytochemical studies and pharmacological activity that have been carried out regarding the Javanese long pepper plant. Methods: Article preparation was carried out through literature studies from various national scientific journals, international journals, and online reference books. Javanese long pepper data search system was based on chemical content and pharmacological activity studies either in vitro, in vivo, or clinical trials. Results: Phytochemical studies have shown that the plant parts of Javanese long pepper contain compounds such as alkaloids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, triterpenoid, and glycosides. Based on studies of its pharmacological activity, Javanese long pepper has been reported to have antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, analgesic, androgenic, aphrodisiac, antihyperlipidemic, antihyperuricemic, lowering leukocyte count, antileishmanial and immunostimulant effects. Conclusion: The efficacy of Javanese long pepper has been scientifically proven to have pharmacological effects either through in vitro or clinical studies which can be taken into consideration for the development of traditional medicinal products.
Keywords: Javanese Long Pepper, Piper retrofractum, Phytochemical, Pharmacology activity
Slang Language in Indonesian Social Media
Authors: Budiasa I Gede 
Published: June 2021

Slang is a phenomenon of using language variations that arise as a result of language development and as well as a social dynamic in society in the realm of language. Slang in Indonesian is referred to as bahasa gaul and is mainly used by young people when communicating with other groups. Currently, the appearance of slang in the conversations of young people is very high, especially when viewed through interactions on social media such as Facebook, Instagram and Youtube. The emergence of YouTubers and celebgrams also has an impact on the wider spread and use of slang words today because slang words are one of the language styles that is often used by them.
Therefore, this study attempts to analyse more deeply the form, function and meaning of existing slang, especially those used in social media. This research is qualitative in nature with documentation methods in data collection. The data was obtained through observations about the use of slang on social media (Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, Whats App), then the slang found is classified into the type and formation of words, followed by an analysis of the functions and meanings of slang in social media today. Based upon Allan & Burridge (2006) the findings show that the forms of slang found on social media are very diverse such as Fresh and Creative, Flippant, Imitative, Acronyms and Clipping. This indicates that social media users, especially the younger generation, are very creative and active in forming new slang words.

Keywords: slang, social media, acronym, flippant, clipping.
Undiagnosed live derodidymus, an intrapartum horror: a case report
Authors: Byonanuwe Simon , Oguttu Benson , Robinson Ssebuufu 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Conjoined twins have invariably been a subject of revulsion among many societies across the world despite the fact that they can be diagnosed early in pregnancy and optimal obstetric management instituted accordingly.

Case Presentation:
We present a case of a prenatally undiagnosed derodidymus (dicephalous diauchenos) twins, an extremely unusual variant of conjoined twins. The case was such a petrifying unanticipated phenomenon to both the parents and medical staff.

Conclusion:
Routine prenatal ultrasonograhy and careful prenatal screening must be strongly emphasized if we are to minimize such perinatal mysteries.
Preparation of PPy-WO3 Nano-composite for Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Hameed Firas J. , Ibrahim Isam M. 
Published: June 2021

In this work, polypyrrole (PPy) composites were chemically prepared by a chemical oxidation method. Also, Tungsten Trioxide (WO3) nanoparticles were prepared and added in certain proportions to PPy. The structure properties were studied for the polypyrole and tungesten trioxide separately before mixing them together. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed a hexagonal WO3 and a triclinic PPy. It was observed that the nano-composite prepared by the addition of WO3 with 10 and 20% volume ratios to PPy shows a triclinic phase with the presence of hexagons. The molecular structures of PPy, WO3, and PPy–WO3 nano composites were depicted by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in the scope of 400–4000 cm-1. The supercapcitors of PPy and PPy-WO3 were examined by calculating the figure of merit of the electrode (PPy and PPy-WO3) using cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge and discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. It was found that the highest value of capacity (266.62 F/g) is obtained at 20% WO3 ratio.
Association between modified ankle-brachial pressure index and indices of adiposity
Authors: Ranjan Prabhat , Sarvottam Kumar , Yadav Umashree 
Published: June 2021

Objectives:
Obesity is one of the important risk factors for peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) is a non-invasive test, which may be used for earlier detection of PAD. ABPI in healthy obese/overweight subjects has not been studied. In present study, we investigated correlation of adiposity indices with ABPI. We have also compared ABPI by three different methods in healthy obese/overweight subjects.

Materials and Methods:
Weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference (HC), waist height ratio, waist hip ratio, skin fold thickness, and body fat percentage were measured in 45 healthy overweight/obese males. Ankle and brachial pressures were measured by Doppler ultrasound based method. ABPI was calculated using high ankle pressure (ABPI-HIGH), mean ankle pressure (ABPI-MEAN), and low ankle pressure (ABPI-LOW) methods.

Results:
BMI and HC show positive significant correlation with ABPI-LOW (P = 0.028, P = 0.046, respectively). Significant difference was observed between ABPI-LOW and ABPI-HIGH (P = 0.003). ABPI-MEAN and ABPILOW were also significantly different (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
There is a correlation of obesity indices with ABPI-LOW. ABPI-LOW methods could be more appropriate method and contrastingly HC may have direct correlation with PAD detection by ABPI in apparently healthy obese.
Regular moderate exercise effects on pro-inflammatory cytokines of diabetic rat’s retina and optic nerve
Authors: Khajehnasiri Nazli , Kosari-Nasab Morteza , Hesari Farzam Sheikhzadeh , Asadollahi Leila 
Published: June 2021

Objectives:Tissue levels of cytokines represent of inflammation and forewarning of injury. In diabetic patients, these factors increase notably but don’t designate source of them. Retinopathy is one of the complications of diabetes mellitus that probably generates by reason of inflammatory damage in micro vascular or in retinal cells. Exercise decreases blood sugar and diabetic injurious. Investigation of IL-1 and TNF-a in retina in diabetic model rats and exercise effects on them were purposed of this study.Materials and Methods:In this experimental study, 40 adult Wistar male rats (250 ± 50 g) were used. They were randomly divided into four groups (n= 10): (1) Sedentary control (SC) group, (2) sedentary diabetic (SD) group, (3) 8-week healthy exercised (8HE) group and (4) 8-week diabetic exercised (8DE) group. A week after induction of diabetes by injection of streptozotocin, 60 min treadmill exercise and 5 days a week with 22 (m/min) speeds were undertaken. All groups were evaluated in terms of retina and optic nerve tissue levels of TNF-α and IL-1 using ELISA.Results:Based on the results, TNF- α tissue levels were decreased in the 8HE and increased in the 8DE groups compared to control, respectively. Also, no difference was observed in IL-1 tissue levels between exercised and control groups.Conclusion:Long term exercise protocol was useful in healthy rats but don’t decrease of pro-inflammatory retinal complication in diabetes mellitus.
Evaluation of medicinal uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of Ehretia cymosa Thonn. (Ehretiaceae)
Authors: Alfred Maroyi  
Published: June 2021

Ehretia cymosa Thonn. is a deciduous medium-sized to large tree which occurs naturally from Sierra Leone in West Africa to Eritrea and Kenya in East Africa, and Zimbabwe in southern Africa. This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of medicinal uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of E. cymosa. This review examines the existing literature on the medicinal uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of E. cymosa. This study revealed that the bark, leaf juice, leaves, roots, seeds, stems, twigs and whole plant parts of E. cymosa are mainly used as aphrodisiac, laxative and ethnoveterinary medicines and as traditional medicines for gastro-intestinal problems, wounds, malaria, fever, typhoid, convulsions, epilepsy, toothache and respiratory infections. Phytochemical research revealed that the species is characterized by alkaloids, anthraquinones, essential oils, fatty acids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolics, proanthocyanidins, pseudotannins, reducing sugars, saponins, steroids, tannins and terpenes. Ethnopharmacological research revealed that the extracts of E. cymosa and phytochemical compounds isolated from the species showed antibacterial, antidiabetic, antihyperglycaemic and antioxidant activities. Ehretia cymosa should be subjected to detailed phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological evaluations aimed at correlating its medicinal uses with its phytochemistry and pharmacological properties.
Dependence of productive qualities of cows of brown Swiss breed on their physiological devel-opment
Authors: Prishchep Elena Alexandrovna , Leutina Diana Vyacheslavovna , Gerasimova Alla Sergeevna 
Published: June 2021

The brown Swiss breed of cattle, which is currently being bred in the Smolensk region for dairy and meat productivity, is of interest from the point of view of its production feasibility and competitiveness, and the biological properties of livestock. The research was carried out in a breeding reproducer for the breeding of brown Swiss cattle of the Smolensk region, in the conditions of the farm, the age of fruitful insemination, physiological development, linear affiliation and productive qualities were analyzed (n=384). According to the terms of fertilization, the animals were conditionally divided into three groups: - early-maturing 46 heads (12%) live weight of the first insemination 329 kg, medium-maturing 191 heads (49.7%) live weight 388 kg and late-maturing 147 heads (38.3%) live weight 429 kg. The genealogical structure of the analyzed livestock includes descendants of the related groups Meridian 90827 (46.3%), Concentrate 106157 (25.4%), Master 106902 (25.4%) and line Laird 71151 (2.9%). The highest milk yield and fat for the first (4520 kg) and highest lactation (5022 kg, 3.97 %) in late-maturing animals. The group of first-calf cows of medium precocity in terms of milk yield occupies an intermediate position (4334 kg). The difference in live weight between the third and first groups is significant (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in milk fat and protein between the groups of cows. From these studies, it follows that the larger the live weight at the first insemination, the more productive they are.