bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride anchored polymeric elastic fibers with robust antibacterial performance
Authors: Gong Da‐Kai , Zhang Ao , Luo Hao , Shi Yi‐Dong , Zhang Yong , Tan Lin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractElastic fibers have been widely applied for the fabrication of biomedical textiles, artificial extracellular matrix, and functional garments, as where antibacterial property is one of the indispensable features. Herein, we developed a fresh type of non‐leaching antibacterial fiber that could effectively inactivate bacteria with durable performance to circumvent above concerns. In detail, we firstly synthesized a precursor polymer (PS‐GMA) based on styrene and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) through free radical polymerization, then blended PS‐GMA with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and processed the blend into fiber through wet spinning technology. Finally, the obtained fiber was covalently modified by polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride (PHMB). The experimental results showed that the resultant fiber (named as PGPs) exhibited a strong bactericidal ability to both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, as well as maintained excellent antibacterial properties even after ultraviolet irradiation for 7 days or 50 washing cycles. Furthermore, we explored the sterilization mechanism with respect to the bacterial morphologies and the activity of the respiratory chain dehydrogenase. In addition, the biocidal efficacy of the prepared fiber could remain approximately 100% after eight consecutive antibacterial cycles. Collectively, this work exhibited an attempt in exploitation of the intrinsically antibacterial fiber with long‐run function duration by an economical tactic.
Clustering high‐frequency financial time series based on information theory
Authors: Liu Haitao , Zou Jian , Ravishanker Nalini 
Published: September 2021

AbstractClustering large financial time series data enables pattern extraction that facilitates risk management. The knowledge gathered from unsupervised learning is useful for improving portfolio optimization and making stock trading recommendations. Most methods available in the literature for clustering financial time series are based on exploiting linear relationships between time series. However, prices of different assets (stocks) may have non‐linear relationships which may be quantified using information based measures such as mutual information (MI). To estimate the empirical mutual information between time series of stock returns, we employ a novel kernel density estimator (KDE) based jackknife mutual information estimation (JMI), and compare it with the widely‐used binning method. We then propose an average distance gradient change algorithm and an algorithm based on the average silhouette criterion that use pairwise and groupwise MI of high‐frequency financial stock returns. Through numerical studies, we provide insights into the impact of the clustering on asset allocation and risk management based on the nonlinear information structure of the US stock market.
Metabolomics reveals the role of isopentenyl group in coumarins metabolism
Authors: Ma Xiao‐fang , Zhao Qi , Cheng Yan , Yan Dong‐Mei , Zhu Wei‐Feng , Li Fei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCoumarins are a group of natural compounds commonly found in the families of Rutaceae and Umbelliferae. 7‐Isopentenyloxycoumarin (ISC), auraptene (AUR), and umbelliprenin (UM) belong to prenyloxycoumarins (PYCs), which link isopentenyl, geranyl, and farnesyl group at C7 position, respectively. The substituent of 7‐ethoxycoumarin (ETC) is the ethyl group. In this study, UPLC–ESI–QTOF–MS (ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–quadrupole time of flight–MS)‐based metabolomics was used to evaluate the in vivo and in vitro metabolism of PYCs. Results showed that ETC produced 10 known metabolites, and ISC was transformed into 17 metabolites in vivo and in vitro, which were undescribed compounds. A total of 35 AUR metabolites, including 34 undescribed metabolites were identified, and 21 metabolites were reported for the first time in UM. The results indicated that hydroxylation and N‐acetylcysteine conjugation were the common metabolic reactions for PYCs. The metabolic rates of ETC, ISC, AUR and UM were 26%, 36%, 81%, and 38%, respectively, in human liver microsome, while they were 24%, 40%, 80%, and 37%, respectively, in mouse liver microsomes. In addition, recombinant cytochrome P450s (CYPs) screening showed that CYP1A1, 2C19, 3A4, and 3A5 were the major metabolic enzymes involved in the formation of hydroxylation metabolites. Together, these results suggest that the isopentenyl group plays an important role in the metabolism of PYCs.
Motivation and learning methods of anatomy: Associations with mental well‐being
Authors: Fives Cassie , Lone Mutahira , Nolan Yvonne M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAppropriate anatomy education for speech and language therapists is a crucial part of preparation for clinical practice. While much research has been conducted regarding the anatomical education of medical students, there is a paucity of evidence for speech and language therapy students. This study assessed the methods employed by a cohort of first‐year speech and language therapy students to learn anatomy, their perceptions of the clinical importance of anatomy and motivation to learn anatomy (using a modified version of the motivation strategies for learning questionnaire) and how this related to potential barriers to motivation such as mental well‐being (using the Warwick‐Edinburgh Mental Well‐Being Scale [WEMWBS]). Analysis revealed that 92% of students agreed or strongly agreed that a sound knowledge of anatomy is important for clinical practice, 74% agreed or strongly agreed that listening at lectures was how they primarily learned anatomy, and 91% of students agreed or strongly agreed that they worried a great deal about tests. The latter statement was negatively correlated with a number of statements on the WEMWBS. Overall, the data revealed that first‐year speech and language therapy students place importance on anatomy and its role in their future clinical practice, that they have different preferences for learning anatomy compared to medical students, and also have significant anxiety surrounding anatomy examinations. Multiple significant correlations between responses to the motivation and mental well‐being questionnaires suggest that there is a significant relationship between first‐year student motivation to learn anatomy and well‐being.
Identification and validation of RNA‐binding protein‐related gene signature revealed potential associations with immunosuppression and drug sensitivity in glioma
Authors: Chen Zhuohui , Wu Haiyue , Yang Haojun , Fan Yishu , Zhao Songfeng , Zhang Mengqi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundGlioma is the most common central nervous system tumor in adults, and a considerable part of them are high‐degree ones with high malignancy and poor prognosis. At present, the classification and treatment of glioma are mainly based on its histological characteristics, so studies at the molecular level are needed.MethodsRNA‐seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets (n = 703) and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) were utilized to find out the differentially expressed RNA‐binding proteins (RBPs) between normal cerebral tissue and glioma. A prediction system for the prognosis of glioma patients based on 11 RBPs was established and validated using uni‐ and multi‐variate Cox regression analyses. STITCH and CMap databases were exploited to identify putative drugs and their targets. Single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was used to calculate scores of specific immune‐related gene sets. IC50 of over 20,000 compounds in 60 cancer cell lines was collected from the CellMiner database to test the drug sensitivity prediction value of the RBP‐based signature.ResultsWe established a reliable prediction system for the prognosis of glioma patients based on 11 RBPs including THOC3, LSM11, SARNP, PABPC1L2B, SMN1, BRCA1, ZC3H8, DZIP1L, HEXIM2, LARP4B, and ZC3H12B. These RBPs were primarily associated with ribosome and post‐transcriptional regulation. RBP‐based risk scores were closely related to immune cells and immune function. We also confirmed the potential of the signature to predict the drug sensitivity of currently approved or evaluated drugs.ConclusionsDifferentially expressed RBPs in glioma can be used as a basis for prognosis prediction, new drugs screening and drug sensitivity prediction. As RBP‐based glioma risk scores were associated with immunity, immunotherapy may become an important treatment for glioma in the future.
Acute psychosis secondary to steroid responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune Hashimoto's thyroiditis
Authors: Ibrahim Shahd I. , Khalafalla Alaa M. , Safan Abeer S. , Alsaud Arwa E. , B.Batia Tala , Yassin Mohamed A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractApproach to Hashimoto thyroiditis encephalopathy.
Gastrointestinal infantile hemangioma: A rare cause of digestive tract bleeding in children to consider
Authors: Cura‐Esquivel Idalia , Velasquez‐Palacios Carlos , Núñez‐Ku Madeline 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntestinal hemangiomas are an infrequent cause of gastrointestinal bleeding and chronic anemia in infants, which diagnosis depends on high suspicion. Propranolol has been described as an effective treatment.
Mite is right: A case of infected scabies masquerading as a blistering disorder
Authors: Tameez‐ud‐din Ahsan , Tameez Ud Din Asim , Malik Ifrah 
Published: September 2021

AbstractScabies classically presents with itching and skin lesions in the interdigital spaces of hands, trunk, and genitals. Rarely, non‐classical skin lesions can result in misdiagnosis and inappropriate management of patients.
Case series: Rare cases of thyroid storm in COVID‐19 patients
Authors: Milani Nasrin , Najafpour Maryam , Mohebbi Masoud 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThyroid storm is an uncommon life‐threatening thyroid dysfunction which was observed for the first time among patients infected with Coronavirus 2019 (COVID‐19). The diagnosis and treatment of the rare thyroid distinctions such as thyroid storm in COVID‐19–infected patients should be critically considered alongside common treatments of COVID‐19 infection.
Barium‐induced pneumatosis intestinalis in a patient with anti‐synthetase syndrome
Authors: Yamamoto Shintaro , Mukai Tomoyuki , Fujita Shunichi , Morita Yoshitaka 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPneumatosis intestinalis is defined as the presence of gas in the bowel wall. The combination of the two risks, pre‐existing connective tissue diseases and barium contrast examination, may trigger pneumatosis intestinalis, albeit at a low incidence. Clinicians should be aware of the condition for proper differential diagnosis.
Ruxolitinib for treatment of polycythemia vera and myelofibrosis in patients after liver transplantation
Authors: Dold Leona , Lutz Philipp , Heine Annkristin , Weismüller Tobias J. , Strassburg Christian P. , Spengler Ulrich 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAlthough ruxolitinib contributes to immunomodulation and can lead to severe infections, it seems a feasible treatment strategy for patients with polycythemia vera and myelofibrosis after liver transplantation.
A pregnant woman with a history of SLE with PPROM and severe thrombocytopenia: A case study
Authors: Farahani Masoumeh , Maghoul Arman , Nirouei Matineh , Alinia Tina 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study discusses the management of a pregnant woman with PPROM and a history of lupus. She was found to be severely thrombocytopenic which was unresponsive to prednisolone. During cesarean section, placental abruption was found and postpartum hemorrhage ensued.
Electrosynthesis of Azobenzenes Directly from Nitrobenzenes
Authors: Ma Yanfeng , Wu Shanghui , Jiang Shuxin , Xiao Fuhong , Deng Guo‐Jun 
Published: September 2021

Main observation and conclusionThe electrochemical reduction strategy of nitrobenzenes is developed. The chemistry occurs under ambient conditions. The protocol uses inert electrodes and the solvent, DMSO, plays a dual role as a reducing agent. Its synthetic value has been demonstrated by the highly efficient synthesis of symmetric, unsymmetric and cyclic azo compounds.
Structurally Diverse Matrine‐Based Alkaloids with Anti‐inflammatory Effects from Sophora alopecuroides
Authors: Luo Ding , Chen Neng‐Hua , Wang Wen‐Zhi , Zhang Ji‐Hui , Li Can‐Jie , Zhuo Xue‐Fang , Tu Zhen‐Chao , Wu Zhong‐Nan , Fan Chun‐Lin , Zhang Hai‐Peng , Li Yao‐Lan , Wang Guo‐Cai , Zhang Yu‐Bo 
Published: September 2021

Main observation and conclusionA phytochemical investigation on the seeds of Sophora alopecuroides led to obtaining fourteen structurally diverse matrine‐based alkaloids (1—14), including eight new ones (1, 6, 8—12, 14). Notably, alopecuroide F (1) represents the first dimeric matrine‐type skeleton assembled via unprecedent C‐13–C‐12' connection. The new structures were determined through extensive spectroscopic data (UV, OR, HRESIMS, 1D, and 2D NMR), ECD calculations, and three instances, verified by X‐ray crystallography. Biologically, all alkaloids were evaluated for cytotoxicity against four human cancer cell lines (HepG2, A549, THP‐1, and MCF‐7) and anti‐inflammatory activities for two pro‐inflammatory cytokines (TNF‐α and IL‐6). Alopecuroide F (1) can inhibit TNF‐α and IL‐6 productions in a dose‐dependent manner, with IC50 values of 35.6 ± 0.5 and 41.7 ± 0.8 μmol/L, respectively.
Initial cancer treatment and survival in children, adolescents, and young adults with Hodgkin lymphoma: A population‐based study
Authors: Kahn Justine M. , Maguire Frances B. , Li Qian , Abrahão Renata , Flerlage Jamie E. , Alvarez Elysia , Keegan Theresa H. M. 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundHodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a treatable tumor affecting children, adolescents and young adults (AYAs; 15‐39 years old). Population‐based studies report worse survival for non‐White children and AYAs but have limited data on individual therapeutic exposures. This study examined overall and HL‐specific survival in a population‐based cohort of patients while adjusting for sociodemographic factors and treatment.MethodsData for 4807 patients younger than 40 years with HL (2007‐2017) were obtained from the California Cancer Registry. Individual treatment information was extracted from text fields; chemotherapy regimens were defined by standard approaches for pediatric and adult HL. Multivariable Cox models examined the influence of patient and treatment factors on survival.ResultsAt a median follow‐up of 4.4 years, 95% of the patients were alive. Chemotherapy differed by age, with 70% of 22‐ to 39‐year‐olds and 41% of <22‐year‐olds receiving doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (P < .001). In multivariable models, older patients (22‐39 vs < 21 y; hazard ratio [HR], 1.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11‐2.10), Black (vs White patients); HR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.25‐2.88), and Hispanic patients (HR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.06‐1.99) experienced worse survival; among those < 21 y, Black race was associated with a 3.3‐fold increased risk of death (HR, 3.26; 95% CI, 1.43‐7.42).ConclusionsIn children and AYAs with HL, older age and non‐White race/ethnicity predicted worse survival after adjustments for treatment data. Further work is needed to identify the biological and nonbiological factors driving disparities in these at‐risk populations.
Deciphering the minimal quantity of mouse primary cells to undergo nephrogenesis ex vivo
Authors: Rak‐Raszewska Aleksandra , Reint Ganna , Geiger Fabienne , Naillat Florence , Vainio Seppo J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundTissue organoids derived from primary cells have high potential for studying organ development and diseases in numerous organs. They recreate the morphological structure and mimic the functions of given organ while being compact in size, easy to produce, and suitable for use in various experimental setups.ResultsIn this study we established the number of cells that form mouse kidney rudiments at E11.5, and generated renal organoids of various sizes from the mouse primary cells of the metanephric mesenchyme (MM). We investigated the ability of renal organoids to undergo nephrogenesis upon Wnt/ β‐catenin pathway—mediated tubule induction with a GSK‐3 inhibitor (BIO) or by initiation through the ureteric bud (UB). We found that 5000 cells of MM cells are necessary to successfully form renal organoids with well‐structured nephrons as judged by fluorescent microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR). These mouse organoids also recapitulated renal secretion function in the proximal tubules.ConclusionsWe show that a significant decrease of cells used to generate renal mouse organoids in a dissociation/re‐aggregation assay, does not interfere with development, and goes toward 3Rs. This enables generation of more experimental samples with one mouse litter, limiting the number of animals used for studies.
Integration of imaging and circulating biomarkers in heart failure: a consensus document by the Biomarkers and Imaging Study Groups of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology
Authors: Moura Brenda , Aimo Alberto , Al‐Mohammad Abdallah , Flammer Andreas , Barberis Vassilis , Bayes‐Genis Antoni , Brunner‐La Rocca Hans‐Peter , Fontes‐Carvalho Ricardo , Grapsa Julia , Hülsmann Martin , Ibrahim Nasrien , Knackstedt Christian , Januzzi James L. , Lapinskas Tomas , Sarrias Axel , Matskeplishvili Simon , Meijers Wouter C. , Messroghli Daniel , Mueller Christian , Pavo Noemi , Simonavičius Justas , Teske Arco J. , van Kimmenade Roland , Seferovic Petar , Coats Andrew J.S. , Emdin Michele , Richards A. Mark 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCirculating biomarkers and imaging techniques provide independent and complementary information to guide management of heart failure (HF). This consensus document by the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) presents current evidence‐based indications relevant to integration of imaging techniques and biomarkers in HF. The document first focuses on application of circulating biomarkers together with imaging findings, in the broad domains of screening, diagnosis, risk stratification, guidance of treatment and monitoring, and then discusses specific challenging settings. In each section we crystallize clinically relevant recommendations and identify directions for future research. The target readership of this document includes cardiologists, internal medicine specialists and other clinicians dealing with HF patients.
Application of first‐order finite similitude in structural mechanics and earthquake engineering
Authors: Atar Muhammed , Davey Keith , Darvizeh Rooholamin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAn important experimental approach for the testing of earthquake‐resistant structures is scaled experimentation with experimental designs impacted upon by the similitude theory of dimensional analysis. Unfortunately, the type of similitude provided by dimensional analysis seldom applies to complex structures, which is particularly problematic when scaling ratios are large. The issue is one of scale effects where the behaviour of the scaled version of any full‐size structure can be markedly different. Recently however a new theory of scaling called finite similitude has emerged in the open literature that confirms that the similitude offered by dimensional analysis is just one of a countable infinite number of alternative possibilities. The new theory of scaling raises the possibility that buildings and structures can be designed and tested in new ways and this aspect is the focus of this paper. Similitude rules for single and two scaled experiments are examined to illustrate the benefits provided by alternative forms of similitude. The two types of similitude examined are termed zeroth order and first order finite similitude, which are shown to be two forms in an infinite number of alternative possibilities efficiently defined using a recursive relationship. The theory of scaling is founded on the metaphysical concept of space scaling yet provides the means to establish all scale dependencies for structural components and high‐rise steel buildings along with buildings equipped with nonlinear‐fluid viscous dampers for resisting earthquake loading conditions. It is shown through case‐studies of increasing complexity how the new theory can be applied to reconstruct full‐scale behaviours but also revealed are some of the limitations of the new approach.
Perspectives on being a field‐based geomorphologist during pregnancy and early motherhood
Authors: Lininger Katherine B. , Rowan Ann V. , Livers Bridget , Kramer Natalie , Ruiz‐Villanueva Virginia , Sendrowski Alicia , Burrough Sallie 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMany geomorphologists who are mothers find it challenging to balance field research alongside pregnancy and caring for young children. We offer perspectives on the challenges to conducting fieldwork as mothers and possible solutions, as a means of promoting conversations and highlighting issues that are less commonly considered in field‐based geomorphic research. Although every mother's experience and needs are different, we discuss strategies for conducting fieldwork, addressing childcare issues, and dealing with financial considerations. We call for our community to support geomorphologists who are pregnant or caring for young children in carrying out fieldwork to help enhance the diversity of voices and perspectives within our discipline.
Technical, economic feasibility and sensitivity analysis of solar photovoltaic/battery energy storage off‐grid integrated renewable energy system
Authors: Chaurasia Ravi , Gairola Sanjay , Pal Yash 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper aims to reduce LCOE (levelized cost of energy), NPC (net present cost), unmet load, and greenhouse gas emissions by utilizing an optimized solar photovoltaic (SPV)/battery energy storage (BES) off‐grid integrated renewable energy system configured with a 21‐kW SPV, 5707.8 kW BES, and a 12‐kW converter system. The LCOE is reduced to 14.73% of that obtained in the diesel generator (DG)‐only system by deploying the proposed energy system and to 28.61% of that obtained in the DG/battery energy system. The NPC is reduced to 14.78% of that DG and 28.70% of that DG/battery energy system. By sensitivity analysis, it is found that LCOE decreases with the increasing inflation rate and also with the decreasing discount rate. A performance compression analysis between the designed energy system and similar recent studies has also been presented. The proposed energy system reduces diesel consumption by at least 8113 L/year and total greenhouse gas emissions by at least 21 545 kg/year in the study area. Also, 13.9% of excess energy is produced per year at only 0.02% of the unmet load percentage. These outcomes are extremely relevant for making investments in policies for supplying electricity to a residential load in a low‐load profile area.