bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Probe into the Optimization Strategy of the Ethical Education Path of Contemporary College Students' Self-employment
Authors: Qian Lyujian , Gu Tingting 
Published: August 2021

"Mass entrepreneurship and innovation" is put forward to revitalize the economy so as to relieve the pressure in social employment, enhance the development of new driving force, promote national economic development, which is an important way to achieve national prosperity and people's prosperity. As members of the society, contemporary college students should be the participants and practitioners of "mass entrepreneurship and innovation". The ethical education in independent business should be conducted from the following aspects: honesty based education, responsibility based education, justice and benefit based education, professional ethics based education, competition and cooperation based education and education of will, which can be achieved with joint efforts of universities, families, government and society.
Research Based on International Trade System and the Pursuit of Free Digital Trade
Authors: Ji Houqi 
Published: August 2021

The world is witnessing the digitization of the production, exchange and consumption of goods and services in economy. The Internet and cross-border based data flows are becoming important trade channels as more products are traded online or with integrated functions that are based on digital connections. We emphasize the technical emergency element in existing international rules, which shows that technological change is a driving force for competitive regime creation and forum transformation, contributing to the process of fragmentation of the international trading system.
ANALISIS TOKSISITAS LIMBAH CAIR BATIK TULIS DAN BIOCONCENTRATION FACTOR IKAN SEPAT (TRICHOGASTER TRICOPTERUS)
Authors: J A R Nanik Ratni 
Published: August 2021

Logam kromium merupakan logam berat yang berasal dari proses pewarnaan batik yang bersifat toksik dan dapat mencemari lingkungan apabila melebihi ambang batas yang ditentukan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode uji toksisitas akut dengan mengamati jumlah kematian biota uji selama 96 jam (4 hari) dan dicari nilai kadar dimana 50% biota uji mati (LC50). Air toksikan yang digunakan adalah limbah cair batik tulis dari beberapa rumah yang dihomogenkan. Biota uji yang digunakan adalah ikan sepat (Trichogaster tricopterus), dikarenakan biota uji merupakan salah satu biota yang hidup dialiran sungai yang terkena limbah cair batik tulis tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat responsif ikan sepat terhadap limbah cair batik tulis dan untuk menentukan pengaruh tingginya kadar zat toksik kromium (Cr) yang terkandung dalam biota uji. Pengujian pada penelitian ini menggunakan variasi toksikan pada uji toksisitas akut dengan kadar 0%, 0,6%, 0,12%, 0,18%, 0,24%, 0,3%. Parameter yang dianalisa adalah suhu, pH, DO dan kromium (Cr). Hasil dari penelitian didapatkan nilai LC50 ikan sepat untuk limbah cair batik tulis adalah 0,186%. Pada kadar ikan sepat 0,6% nilai BCF adalah 0,002 mg/l dan pada kadar 3,0% adalah 0,028. Terlihat sisik ikan yang terkelupas dan insang mengalami iritasi kemudian mengeluarkan lendir akibat kandungan logam berat.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEMANDIRIAN LANSIA DALAM MELAKUKAN PERSONAL HYGIENEDI PANTI SOSIAL TERATAI
Authors: Sidik Abu Bakar 
Published: August 2021

Aktivitas kehidupan harian yang dalam istilah bahasa Inggris disingkat ADL (activity of daily living) adalah merupakan aktivitas pokok bagi perawatan diri. Dengan kata lain, besarnya bantuan yang diperlukan dalam aktivitas kehidupan sehari- hari serta untuk menyusun rencana perawatan jangka panjang. Kebersihan seseorang merupakan bagian dari penampilan dan harga diri sehingga jika seseorang mengalami keterbatasan dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan personal hygiene bisa jadi akan mempengaruhi kesehatan secara umum, dapat diketahui bahwa secara individu, pada usia di atas 55 tahun terjadi proses penuaan secara alamiah. Hal ini menimbulkan berbagai masalah baik fisik, mental, sosial, ekonomi dan psikologis, kesehatan. Hal ini termasukmenjaga kebersihan tubuh dan lingkungan. Kemandirian di dalam mengurus diri sendiri dapat dinilai dari kemampuannya melakukan aktivitas tanpa pengawasan, pengarahan atau bantuan orang lain, seperti mandi, berpakaian rapi, pergi ke toilet dan melakukan sendiri aktivitas, berpindah tempat (berpindah dari lantai ke kursi, dari kursi ke tempat tidur, berjalan, naik dan turun tangga, dapat mengontrol buang air besar dan kecil (tidak beser), dan dapat makan sendiri dengan baik (misalnya makanan tidak berserakan di sekitarnya). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kemandirian lansia dalam melakukan personal hygiene di Panti Sosial Teratai Palembang Tahun 2018. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan desain kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik pemilihan sampel dengan menggunakan total populasi 64 responden. pada tanggal 3 april - 10 Juli Tahun 2018. Analisis statistic menggunakan uji chi-square dengan nilai p value= 0,05. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan distribusi frekuensi responden sebagian besar memiliki pengetahuan baik sebanyak 45 orang (70,3%), sebagian besar responden memiliki kemandirian sebanyak 36 orang (56,3%) dan sebagian besar responden memiliki personal hygiene baik sebanyak 48 orang (75,0%). Ada hubungan pengetahuan dengan personal hygiene pada lansia di Panti Sosial Teratai Palembang Tahun 2018 (ρ=0,003). Ada hubungan kemandirian dengan personal hygiene pada lansia di Panti Sosial Teratai Palembang Tahun 201 (ρ=0,040). Disarankan kepada pihak pengelola Panti Sosial Teratai Palembang untuk selalu meningkatkan mutu pelayanan dengan memberikan pengarahan-pengarahan tentang kebersihan diri melalui sosialisasi maupun poster-poster tentang kebersihan diri kepada penghuni panti agar pengetahuan penghuni panti tentang pentingnya kebersihan diri semakin baik lagi.
FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI SEDIAAN GEL HAND SANITIZER DENGAN BAHAN DASAR EKSTRAK BIJI ALPUKAT
Authors: Agustin Yeni , Wulandari Septi 
Published: August 2021

Pada masa pandemi Covid-19, masyarakat dituntut untuk lebih sering mencuci atau membersihkan tangan baik dengan menggunakan sabun ataupun sediaan pembersih tangan lainnya.Dengan harapan mampu menghindarkan atau menghilangkan berbagai bakteri, kuman ataupun kotoran yang ada pada area tangan, baik sebelum maupun setelah beraktivitas dalam keseharian. Salah satu bentuk sediaan pembersih tangan yang berfungsi sebagai antiseptik adalah gel hand sanitizer. Umumnya bahan aktif yang banyak digunakan adalah triklosan. Diharapkan ada bahan aktif alternatif lainnya yang lebih efektif dan ramah lingkungan diantaranya ekstrak biji alpukat. Penelitian ini berupa penelitian eksperimental yaitu pada formula gel hand sanitizer ekstrak biji alpukat dengan berbagai konsentrasi alkohol F1 0%, F2 10%, F3 20%, F4 60% meliputi (organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, daya dispersif, konsistensi dan viskositas) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji zona hambat terhadap bakteri E. Coli. Sediaan hand sanitizer dengan bahan dasar ekstrak biji buah alpukat formulasi 3 (F3) dengan kandungan alkohol 96% sebanyak 20%b/v mempunyai nilai diameter zona hambat yang paling besar terhadap bakteri E. coli dan memiliki karakteristik fisik sediaan hand sanitizer yg lebih baik.
ANALISIS HUBUNGAN USIA IBU DAN JARAK KEHAMILAN DENGAN KEJADIAN BAYI BERAT LAHIR RENDAH (BBLR) DI RS PANEMBAHAN SENOPATI BANTUL
Authors: Angga Arsesiana  
Published: August 2021

Abstrak
Bayi dengan berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) adalah bayi yang pada saat lahir memiliki berat badan kurang dari 2500 gram. Berdasarkan data Pusdatin Yogyakarta tahun 2015, Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB) adalah 25/1.000. AKB di Kabupaten Bantul yaitu sebanyak 8,35/1.000 kelahiran hidup. Penyebab kematian bayi tersebut salah satunya adalah BBLR. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan usia ibu dan jarak kehamilan dengan kejadian BBLR. Penelitian ini merupakan analitik observasional dengan rancangan kasus kontrol. Populasi kasus penelitian ini adalah ibu yang melahirkan bayi BBLR RS Panembahan Senopati Bantul dan populasi kontrolnya semua ibu yang melahirkan bayi berat lahir normal (BBLN) di RS Panembahan Senopati Bantul. Pengambilan sampel kasus menggunakan teknik total sampling yang berjumlah 162 sampel. Sedangkan pengambilan sampel kontrol dengan menggunakan teknik random sampling acak sistematis dengan perhitungan 1701/162=10, sehingga sampel kontrol diambil setiap kelipatan 10 dan jumlah sampel kontrol didapatkan 162 sampel. Variabel dependent penelitian ini adalah BBLR dan variabel independent adalah usia ibu dan jarak kehamilan. Analisis data menggunakan SPSS dan Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji Chi Square dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara usia ibu dengan kejadian BBLR (p-value ꞊ 0,030, OR ꞊1,745) dan ada hubungan antara jarak kehamilan dengan kejadian BBLR (p-value ꞊ 0,025, OR ꞊2,187). Sehingga disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan antara usia ibu dan jarak kehamilan dengan kejadian BBLR di RS Panembahan Senopati Bantul. Diharapkan agar para ibu hamil rutin untuk melakukan pemeriksaan kehamilan faktor resiko penyebab BBLR dapat di ketahui sejak dini.Kata Kunci: Usia Ibu, Jarak Kehamilan, BBLR
CARBONATE PRECURSOR ROUTE FOR PREPARATION OF CaCu3Ti4O12
Authors: Yanchevskii Oleg , V'yunov Oleg , Plutenko Tetiana 
Published: August 2021

A simple CaCu3Ti4O12 synthesis method by carbonate precipitation has been developed, which is not inferior to the known methods of precipitation from solutions. The optimum temperatures for the synthesis of powder (850 оС) and sintering of ceramics (1080 оС) have been found. The CCTO ceramic prepared has stable and fine electrical properties. In the frequency range of 1 kHz to 1 MHz, the ε’ value always is higher 104 with the dielectric losses, tan δ ~ 0.05–0.08. Such CCTO ceramic prepared by the сarbonate co-precipitation method with good electric properties should find applications in electric devices.
The Association of Morning Hypertension With Target Organ Damage in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease and Hypertension
Authors: Liu Xiang , Li Fangming , Zhang Ting , Zheng Zhiyao , Zhou Huan , Qin Aiya , Tang Yi , Qin Wei 
Published: August 2021

Objectives: To determine the association between morning hypertension and target organ damage (TOD) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hypertension.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 447 patients with CKD and hypertension from two centers were enrolled. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was conducted in all patients. Linear regression and logistic regression analysis were used to determine the association between morning hypertension and TOD in patients with CKD and hypertension, including assessments of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), urine protein/creatinine ratio (UPCR), and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH).Results: Overall, 194 (43.4%) participants had morning hypertension. Morning hypertension was strongly correlated with LVH [odds ratio (OR), 2.14; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.3–3.51; p &lt; 0.01], lower level of eGFR (β = −0.51; 95%CI, −0.95–−0.08; p &lt; 0.05), higher LVMI (β = 0.06; 95%CI, 0.04–0.08, p &lt; 0.001), and UPCR (β = 0.22; 95%CI, 0.06–0.38, p &lt; 0.01), independent of nocturnal hypertension and elevated morning blood pressure surge. As a continuous variable, both morning systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were found to be associated with LVH and higher level of UPCR and LVMI (p &lt; 0.05), whereas only morning SBP was negatively correlated with eGFR (p &lt; 0.01).Conclusion: Morning hypertension was strongly correlated with cardiac damage and impaired kidney function in CKD patients with hypertension, independent of nocturnal hypertension and morning surge in blood pressure. Morning hypertension in CKD patients warrants further attention.
Oocytes With Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Aggregates Are Not Associated With Impaired Reproductive Outcomes: A Matched Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Xu Jian , Yang Li , Chen Zhi-Heng , Yin Min-Na , Chen Juan , Sun Ling 
Published: August 2021

ObjectiveTo investigate whether the reproductive outcomes of oocytes with smooth endoplasmic reticulum aggregates (SERa) are impaired.MethodsA total of 2893 intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles were performed between January 2010 and December 2019 in our center. In 43 transfer cycles, transferred embryos were totally derived from SERa+ oocytes. Each of the 43 cycles was matched with a separate control subject from SERa- patient of the same age ( ± 1 year), embryo condition, main causes of infertility, type of protocols used for fresh or frozen embryo transfer cycles. The clinical pregnancy, implantation, ectopic pregnancy and live birth rate were compared between the two groups.Results43 embryo transfer cycles from SERa- patient were matched to the 43 transferred cycles with pure SERa+ oocytes derived embryos. No significant difference was observed in clinical pregnancy rate (55.81% vs. 65.11%, p=0.5081), implantation rate (47.89% vs. 50.70%, p=0.8667) and live birth rate (48.84% vs. 55.81%, p=0.6659) between the SERa+ oocyte group and the matched group. No congenital birth defects were found in the two groups.ConclusionOur results suggest that the implantation, clinical pregnancy, live birth and birth defects rate of embryos derived from oocytes with SERa are not impaired.
Trace Detection and Quantitation of Antibiotics in a South African Stream Receiving Wastewater Effluents and Municipal Dumpsite Leachates
Authors: Ncube Somandla , Nuapia Yannick Belo , Chimuka Luke , Madikizela Lawrence Mzukisi , Etale Anita 
Published: August 2021

One of the major concerns in the consumption of antibiotics is the discovery of antibacterial resistant genes due to prolonged exposure which makes their presence in environmental samples a priority. In this study, we screened 52 antibiotics along a South African stream polluted with wastewater effluents and municipal dumpsite leachates. Of these antibiotics, 15 were detected in the stream while 3 sulfonamides (sulfamethizole, sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxazole), a fluoroquinolone (flumequine) and a diaminopyrimidine (trimethoprim) were further quantified. The concentrations of sulfamethizole, sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxazole ranged from not detected to 0.133 µg L−1, flumequine ranged from 0.222 to 0.686 µg L−1, while trimethoprim was up to 0.0618 µg L−1. The highest concentrations were recorded at the point source discharge with most antibiotics not detected further downstream. The current study has further confirmed wastewater effluents and dumpsite leachates as pathways of antibiotics into the environment. Only the persistent unsanctioned antibiotic, flumequine had its risk quotient above 0.1 making it an antibiotic of environmental concern. Multiresidue studies are still limited in Africa and the current study offers a platform for a research paradigm shift with more studies expected to emerge providing an improved overview of the release of antibiotics and other pharmaceuticals into Africa’s vulnerable surface water systems.
Association of Serum Neuron-Specific Enolase and C-Reactive Protein With Disease Location and Endoscopic Inflammation Degree in Patients With Crohn's Disease
Authors: Yang Rui-Xia , Song Wei-Juan , Wu Zhi-Qi , Goyal Hemant , Xu Hua-Guo 
Published: August 2021

Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the association between serum markers neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and C-reactive protein (CRP) with intestinal lesion location and degree of inflammation in patients with Crohn's disease (CD).Design: The levels of serum NSE, CRP, and fecal calprotectin (FC) in patients with CD were analyzed retrospectively. The severity of inflammatory lesions in the intestinal wall was accessed using the Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn's disease (SES-CD).Results: The levels of NSE in patients with CD were higher than those of healthy individuals (14.87 vs. 12.68 ng/ml, P &lt; 0.001). The levels of CRP in patients with CD were higher than those of healthy individuals (12.30 vs. 3.40 mg/l, P &lt; 0.001). The FC levels in patients with CD were higher than those of patients with non-inflammatory bowel disease (1,143.90 vs. 114.21 μg/g, P &lt; 0.05). The levels of NSE in CD with ileal lesions and simultaneous ileal and colon lesions were significantly higher than those in patients with CD with colonic lesions. However, the CRP was higher in patients with colonic lesions than those with ileal lesions. The levels of NSE in patients with severe inflammation were higher than those in patients with moderate inflammation (15.95 vs. 13.89 ng/ml, P &lt; 0.05). Similarly, the NSE levels in patients with CD with severe inflammation were higher than those in patients with CD with mild inflammation (15.95 vs. 13.53 ng/mL, P &lt; 0.05). The levels of CRP in severe inflammation were higher than those in moderate inflammation (29.80 vs. 19.60 mg/l, P &lt; 0.05). In addition, the CRP levels in severe inflammation were higher than those in mild inflammation (29.80 vs. 5.86 mg/l, P &lt; 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that when NSE was combined with CRP for distinguishing between patients with CD and those without CD, sensitivity increased to 80.41%, specificity increased to 74.66%, and a highest AUC was equal to 0.843.Conclusion: Our study shows that serum NSE and CRP can be used to assess the severity of CD as well as the location of intestinal involvement. Therefore, NSE and CRP could be used as the non-invasive tests in detecting the location and severity of disease in patients with CD in daily routine practice.
An Externally Validated Dynamic Nomogram for Predicting Unfavorable Prognosis in Patients With Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Hu Ping , Xu Yang , Liu Yangfan , Li Yuntao , Ye Liguo , Zhang Si , Zhu Xinyi , Qi Yangzhi , Zhang Huikai , Sun Qian , Wang Yixuan , Deng Gang , Chen Qianxue 
Published: August 2021

Background: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) leads to severe disability and functional dependence. However, no reliable method exists to predict the clinical prognosis after aSAH. Thus, this study aimed to develop a web-based dynamic nomogram to precisely evaluate the risk of poor outcomes in patients with aSAH.Methods: Clinical patient data were retrospectively analyzed at two medical centers. One center with 126 patients was used to develop the model. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis was used to select the optimal variables. Multivariable logistic regression was applied to identify independent prognostic factors and construct a nomogram based on the selected variables. The C-index and Hosmer–Lemeshow p-value and Brier score was used to reflect the discrimination and calibration capacities of the model. Receiver operating characteristic curve and calibration curve (1,000 bootstrap resamples) were generated for internal validation, while another center with 84 patients was used to validate the model externally. Decision curve analysis (DCA) and clinical impact curves (CICs) were used to evaluate the clinical usefulness of the nomogram.Results: Unfavorable prognosis was observed in 46 (37%) patients in the training cohort and 24 (29%) patients in the external validation cohort. The independent prognostic factors of the nomogram, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (p = 0.005), World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) grade (p = 0.002), and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) (p = 0.0003), were identified using LASSO and multivariable logistic regression. A dynamic nomogram (https://hu-ping.shinyapps.io/DynNomapp/) was developed. The nomogram model demonstrated excellent discrimination, with a bias-corrected C-index of 0.85, and calibration capacities (Hosmer–Lemeshow p-value, 0.412; Brier score, 0.12) in the training cohort. Application of the model to the external validation cohort yielded a C-index of 0.84 and a Brier score of 0.13. Both DCA and CIC showed a superior overall net benefit over the entire range of threshold probabilities.Conclusion: This study identified that NLR on admission, WFNS grade, and DCI independently predicted unfavorable prognosis in patients with aSAH. These factors were used to develop a web-based dynamic nomogram application to calculate the precise probability of a poor patient outcome. This tool will benefit personalized treatment and patient management and help neurosurgeons make better clinical decisions.
Evaluation of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors as Radiosensitizers for Proton and Light Ion Radiotherapy
Authors: Johnson Alicia M. , Bennett Paula V. , Sanidad Katherine Z. , Hoang Anthony , Jardine James H. , Keszenman Deborah J. , Wilson Paul F. 
Published: August 2021

Significant opportunities remain for pharmacologically enhancing the clinical effectiveness of proton and carbon ion-based radiotherapies to achieve both tumor cell radiosensitization and normal tissue radioprotection. We investigated whether pretreatment with the hydroxamate-based histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) SAHA (vorinostat), M344, and PTACH impacts radiation-induced DNA double-strand break (DSB) induction and repair, cell killing, and transformation (acquisition of anchorage-independent growth in soft agar) in human normal and tumor cell lines following gamma ray and light ion irradiation. Treatment of normal NFF28 primary fibroblasts and U2OS osteosarcoma, A549 lung carcinoma, and U87MG glioma cells with 5–10 µM HDACi concentrations 18 h prior to cesium-137 gamma irradiation resulted in radiosensitization measured by clonogenic survival assays and increased levels of colocalized gamma-H2AX/53BP1 foci induction. We similarly tested these HDACi following irradiation with 200 MeV protons, 290 MeV/n carbon ions, and 350 MeV/n oxygen ions delivered in the Bragg plateau region. Unlike uniform gamma ray radiosensitization, effects of HDACi pretreatment were unexpectedly cell type and ion species-dependent with C-12 and O-16 ion irradiations showing enhanced G0/G1-phase fibroblast survival (radioprotection) and in some cases reduced or absent tumor cell radiosensitization. DSB-associated foci levels were similar for proton-irradiated DMSO control and SAHA-treated fibroblast cultures, while lower levels of induced foci were observed in SAHA-pretreated C-12 ion-irradiated fibroblasts. Fibroblast transformation frequencies measured for all radiation types were generally LET-dependent and lowest following proton irradiation; however, both gamma and proton exposures showed hyperlinear transformation induction at low doses (≤25 cGy). HDACi pretreatments led to overall lower transformation frequencies at low doses for all radiation types except O-16 ions but generally led to higher transformation frequencies at higher doses (&gt;50 cGy). The results of these in vitro studies cast doubt on the clinical efficacy of using HDACi as radiosensitizers for light ion-based hadron radiotherapy given the mixed results on their radiosensitization effectiveness and related possibility of increased second cancer induction.