bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does the Addition of Cellulosic Micro/nanofibrils Improve the Properties of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Films?
Authors: Mascarenhas Adriano Reis Prazeres , Scatolino Mário Vanoli , Santos Allan de Amorim dos , Norcino Laís Bruno , Duarte Paulo Junio , de Melo Rafael Rodolfo , Dias Matheus Cordazzo , de Faria Caik Elisio Tonelli , Mendonça Maressa Carvalho , Tonoli Gustavo Henrique Denzin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Damages to ecosystems, due to the consumption of petroleum-based materials, can be mitigated with the use of biopolymers such as cellulose derivatives. The objective was to evaluate the influence of different proportions of cellulose micro/nanofibrils (MFC/NFC) on the properties of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) films. Films were prepared using proportions of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% (w/w) of MFC/NFC of Pinus sp. in relation to HPMC. The physical, barrier, surface, optical, morphological and mechanical properties were evaluated. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, linear regression, principal component analysis and Pearson correlation. Solids content, basis weight and density values increased with higher MFC/NFC amount, while thickness and porosity were reduced. SEM images showed that films with more than 50% MFC/NFC had a more granular surface resulting in reduction of transparency from 80 to 65%. The water vapor penetration did not differ between films and the degradation in water was reduced from 40 to 5% as MFC/NFC was added. There were no differences for contact angle and wettability, but all films showed high resistance to fat penetration. Films with MFC/NFC contents between 75 and 100% showed higher values for tensile strength (50 to 65 MPa) and Young's modulus (6 to 10 MPa) and lower elongation at break (1 to 2%). The experimental results indicated that films with MFC/NFC contents above 50% have potential to be used as packaging material.
AdipoR1 Regulates Ionizing Radiation-Induced Ferroptosis in HCC Cells Through Nrf2/xCT Pathway
Authors: Feng Hao , Liu Yi , Gan Yuhan , Li Mengke , Liu Rui , Liu Lianchang , Li Lan , Chen Huajian , Li Guanghui , Tian Zhujun , Ma Shumei , Liu Xiaodong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Ferroptosis is a type of cell death accompanied by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, however, how IR-induced ferroptosis is regulated in Hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCC) remains largely unknown. We have previously found that adiponectin receptor 1(AdipoR1) might be a prognostic biomarker for HCC after stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). In this study, we aimed to elucidate the roles of AdipoR1 in radiation-induced Ferroptosis of HCC.Methods: Human HCC cell line MHCC-97H and HepG2 and human hepatic cell lines LO2 were tested. qRT-PCR and western blotting were used to detect mRNA and protein expression respectively, colony formation assay was used to evaluate the radiosensitivity and flow cytometry was used to assess lipid peroxidation and cell death. Dual-Luciferase Reporter assay system was used to detect the transcription activity. Results: Ionizing Radiation (IR) upregulated the expression of AdipoR1 in HCC cells and AdipoR1 knockdown could promote radiation sensitivity of HCC cells. AdipoR1 knockdown could decrease the expression of Nrf2 and Nrf2 protein stability. Nrf2 could bind to xCT promoter and promoted the transcription and expression of xCT. AdipoR1 knockdown increased significantly lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis induced by IR or Erastin respectively, which could be abolished by overexpression of Nrf2 and xCT.Conclusion: AdipoR1 knockdown can promote radiation sensitivity of HCC cells; AdipoR1 regulates IR-induced cell death by AdipoR1-Nrf2-xCT pathway.
Stacking-dependent exciton multiplicity in WSe2 bilayers
Authors: Li Zhijie , Förste Jonathan , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Urbaszek B. , Baimuratov Anvar , Gerber Iann , Högele Alexander , Bilgin Ismail 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Twisted layers of atomically thin two-dimensional materials realize a broad range of novel quantum materials with engineered optical and transport phenomena arising from spin and valley degrees of freedom and strong electron correlations in hybridized interlayer bands. Here, we report experimental and theoretical studies of WSe2 homobilayers obtained in two stable configurations of 2H (60° twist) and 3R (0° twist) stackings by controlled chemical vapor synthesis of high-quality large-area crystals. Using optical absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy at cryogenic temperatures, we uncover marked differences in the optical characteristics of 2H and 3R bilayer WSe2 which we explain on the basis of beyond-DFT theoretical calculations. Our results highlight the role of layer stacking for the spectral multiplicity of momentum-direct intralayer exciton transitions in absorption, and relate the multiplicity of phonon sidebands in the photoluminescence to momentum-indirect excitons with different spin valley and layer character. Our comprehensive study generalizes to other layered homobilayer and heterobilayer semiconductor systems and highlights the role of crystal symmetry and stacking for interlayer hybrid states.
Rapid Differentiation of Vector Species: Development of Microsatellite Markers for Population Genetics of Biting Midges and a Potential Tool for Species Identification of Culicoides Sonorensis
Authors: Shults Phillip , Moran Megan , Blumenfeld Alexander J. , Vargo Edward L. , Cohnstaedt Lee W. , Eyer Pierre-Andre 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Proper vector surveillance relies on the ability to identify species of interest accurately and efficiently, though this can be difficult in groups containing cryptic species. Culicoides is a genus of small biting flies responsible for the transmission of numerous pathogens to a multitude of vertebrates. Regarding pathogen transmission, the C. variipennis species complex is of particular interest in North America. Of the six species within this group, only C. sonorensis is a proven vector of bluetongue virus and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus. Unfortunately, subtle morphological differences, cryptic species, and mitonuclear discordance make species identification in the C. variipennis complex challenging. Recently, a SNP analysis enabled discrimination between the species of this group; however, this demanding approach is not practical for vector surveillance. Methods: The aim of the current study was to develop a reliable and affordable way of differentiating the species within the C. variipennis complex, especially C. sonorensis. Twenty-five putative microsatellite markers were identified using the C. sonorensis genome and tested for amplification within five species of the C. variipennis complex. Machine learning was then used to determine which markers best explain the genetic differentiation between species. This led to the development of a subset of four and seven markers which were also tested for species differentiation.Results: A total of 21 microsatellite markers were successfully amplified in the species tested. Clustering analyses of all of these markers recover the same species-level identification as the previous SNP data. Additionally, the subset of seven markers was equally capable of accurately differentiating the members of the C. variipennis complex as the 21 microsatellite markers. Finally, one microsatellite marker (C508) was found to be species-specific, only amplifying in the vector species C. sonorensis among the samples tested. Conclusions: These microsatellites provide an affordable way in which to differentiate the species of the C. variipennis complex and could lead to a better understanding of the species dynamics within this group. Additionally, after further testing, marker C508 may allow for the identification of C. sonorensis with a single-tube assay, potentially providing a powerful new tool for vector surveillance in North America.
Multifunctional MOF-based Electrochemiluminescent Nanocubes for an Ultrasensitive Biosensing Strategy of B. Pseudomallei Determination Coupled With 3D Magnetic Walking Nanomachine
Authors: Wang Yuexin , Shen Bo , Li Cai , Wu Haiping , Wang Yanshuang , Tian Shen , Li Xuemiao , Luo Nini , Liu Rui , Li Xinmin , Chen Junman , Cheng Wei , Ding Shijia , Zhu Chuanlong , Xia Qianfeng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Burkholderia pseudomallei (B. pseudomallei) can cause melioidosis that is usually fatal. A reliable and rapid detection method is greatly needed for disease surveillance and diagnosis. Herein, an ultrasensitive electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor was constructed for accurate determination of B. pseudomallei coupled with multifunctional Au@Co-MOF@ABEI nanocubes and 3D magnetic walking nanomachine. The synthesized nanocubes could not only immobilize enormous ABEI but exhibit superior peroxidase-like activity to decompose H2O2 to produce plentiful reactive oxygen species (ROSs) that could further react with ABEI, so that the enhanced ECL signals were achieved. Meanwhile, the target-activated walking nanomachine was efficiently driven by Exonuclease III (Exo III) for further improving the sensitivity of the biosensor. As a result, the fabricated ECL biosensor could detect pathogenic gene down to 60.3 aM with a linear range from 100.0 aM to 100.0 pM. Moreover, the biosensing platform successfully achieved the determination of B. pseudomallei down to 9.0 CFU mL−1 in serum samples. This work exhibited an ultrasensitive and specific performance for B. pseudomallei detection, which would become a versatile tool in the early diagnosis and treatment of melioidosis.
Estimation And Compensation of Angular Misalignment At Robot End Brush Roller - Workpiece Contact Interface Via Elastic Contact Force Perception
Authors: Feng Xiaozhi , Lv Rui , Qian Chen , Wang Yudi , Tian Linli , Zhu Dahu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
When the non-standard customized brush roller tool is used for robotic grinding of large-scale components, the clamping and positioning error of the brush roller at the end of the robot is extremely easy to cause misalignment at the brush roller - workpiece contact interface, which will affect the machining accuracy and surface quality. In order to ensure the parallel contact between the brush roller and the workpiece surface during the machining process, a calculation model of the angular misalignment at the brush roller - workpiece contact interface is proposed based on the elastic contact force perception, and then the accurate positioning of the robot end brush roller is realized by a fast compensation method. Firstly, according to the geometric force relationship between the brush roller and the workpiece, as well as the determined brush roller material properties parameters, the estimation model of angular misalignment is established. Secondly, both the axial force and normal torque at the time of initial contact detected by the force-controlled sensor are regarded as the input parameters in the model. Further, the calculated brush roller - workpiece contact offset is used as the geometric error compensation amount, and the brush roller is deflected to achieve error compensation by the robot RAPID program control command. The finite element simulation results are compared with the theoretical calculation values, and the average relative error is 15.1%. The experiment on robotic grinding and brushing of high-speed rail body indicates that the compensated angle can be reduced to 0.024° from an average of 0.179° before compensation, coupled with uniform material removal depth. The proposed method can significantly improve the contour accuracy of large-scale components.
A New Cynodont from the Late Triassic Los Colorados Formation (Argentina, South America) Reveals a Novel Paleobiogeographic Context for Mammalian Ancestors
Authors: GAETANO L. C. , ABDALA F. , SEOANE F. D. , TARTAGLIONE A. , SCHULZ M. , OTERO A. , LEARDI J. M. , APALDETTI C. , KRAPOVICKAS V. , STEINBACH E. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Probainognathia is a derived lineage of cynodonts which encompass Mammalia as their crown-group. The profuse record of probainognathians from the Carnian of Argentina contrasts with their Norian representation, with only one named species. Here we describe a new probainognathian, Tessellatia bonapartei gen. et sp. nov., from the Norian Los Colorados Formation of the Ischigualasto-Villa Unión Basin of Argentina. The new taxon, represented by a partial cranium with articulated lower jaws, was analyzed through neutron and X-rays micro-tomography (µCT). The high-resolution neutron µCT data allowed the identification of a unique character state combination, including features inaccessible through traditional techniques. We constructed the largest phylogenetic data-matrix of non-mammalian cynodonts. The new species and its sister-taxon, the Brazilian Therioherpeton, are recovered as probainognathians, closely related to Mammaliamorpha. We conducted the first quantitative paleobiogeographic analysis of non-mammalian cynodonts, focusing in probainognathians. The results indicate that Probainognathia and Mammaliamorpha originated in Brazil, which was an important center of diversification during the Triassic. Finally, China is identified as the ancestral area of Mammaliaformes. These new findings, besides adding to the knowledge of the poorly represented Norian cynodonts from the Los Colorados Formation, are significant to improve our understanding of probainognathian diversity, evolution, and paleobiogeographic history.
Multiple Cannulated Screw Fixation of Femoral Neck Fractures with Comminution in Young and Middle Age Patients
Authors: Han Zhe , Wumiti Taxi , Ji Nengneng , Sun Xiang , Han Chao , Ma Xinlong , Dong Qiang , Cao DongDong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective

To investigate the distribution and influence of comminutions on femoral neck fracture (FNF) patients after cannulated screw fixation (CSF).
Methods

From January 2019 to June 2020, a total of 473 patients with FNF treated by CSF, aged 23–65 years, were included in present study. Based on location of the cortical comminution, the FNF patients were assigned as comminution group (anterior comminution, posterior comminution, superior comminution, inferior comminution, multiple comminutions) and without comminution group. The incidence of postoperative complications, quality of life and functional outcomes were recorded in different groups at 1 year-follow up.
Results

The comminution was more likely to appear in displaced FNF patients (86.8%) compared with non-displaced FNF patients (8.9%), while occurrence rate of comminution was also closely associated with Pauwels classification (3.2% vs 53.5% vs 83.9%, P<0.05). Besides, the incidence of osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH, 11.3% vs 2.9%, P<0.05), nonunion (7.5% vs 1.7%, P<0.05), femoral neck shortening (21.6% vs 13.4%, P<0.05) and internal fixation failure (11.8% vs 2.9%, P<0.05) in FNF patients with comminutions, especially with multiple comminutions, was significantly higher than those in FNF patients without comminution. Furthermore, there was a prominently difference in Harris hip score (HHS, 85.6±15.6 vs 91.3±10.8, P<0.05) and EuroQol five dimensions questionnaire (EQ-5D, 0.85±0.17 vs 0.91±0.18, P<0.05) score between FNF patients with comminution and FNF patients without comminution, whereas there was seem to be no significantly difference in Visual analogue scale (VAS, 1.46±2.49 vs 1.13±1.80, P>0.05) score between two groups at 1 year after surgery.
Conclusion

In our view, the comminution, easily happened in displaced FNF and Pauwel type III FNF, which was deemed to be a risk factor for postoperative complications in young and middle-aged patients underwent CSF, consequently causing an influence on recovery of hip function and life quality. However, further evaluation with better study design, larger sample and long-term follow-up was still imminently applied.
Inter Molecular Level Interaction Studies of Combination Drug Crizotinib And Temozolomide in Glioblastoma Multiforme Targets: An In-silico Approach
Authors: younus Saleena , S.S Vinod Chandra , K Sheeba , Nair Achuth Sankar S. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Combination drug treatments are frequently used in many diseases, including cancers and AIDS. The main aims of these treatments are to reduce toxicity, decrease or delay drug resistance, and improve drug efficacy by inhibiting the activity of a specific target or groups of targets in a cell. The net effect of combination drug efficacy is mainly quantified and interpreted by various terminologies like synergy, additive, agonism, and antagonism based on drugs dose ratio. In single or combination drug treatment, drug action occurs on cells due to the intermolecular level interaction of drugs with protein/DNA/RNA/Enzyme. This type of inter molecular level interaction can be detected with the help of docking software. The current study aims to identify the inter-molecular level interaction of combination drug Crizotinib and Temozolomide with C-MET, C-ROS1, and ALK targets in Glioblastoma Multiforme(GBM). To identify this, we performed forward and reverse docking of drugs with these proteins, and the results were evaluated by drug properties and the complex energy. From the analysis study, we recognized that first, Crizotinib and then, after Temozolomide bounded docked complexes showed the least complex energy in all the docked complex structures, and the better complexes were identified from the result by MD simulation.
Positive feedback loop of HMGB1 and tumor-associated macrophages plays a key role in osteosarcoma metastasis
Authors: Hou Changhe , Lu Ming , Lei Zixiong , Dai Shuangwu , Chen Wei , Du Shaohua , Jin Qinglin , Zhou Zhongxin , Li Haomiao 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background

Numerous studies have demonstrated the important roles of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in osteosarcoma metastasis. In osteosarcoma, higher levels of HMGB1 correlate with osteosarcoma progression. However, whether HMGB1 is involved in the polarization of M2 macrophages into M1 macrophages in osteosarcoma still remains largely unknown.
Methods

HMGB1 and CD206 mRNA expression was measured by qRT-PCR in osteosarcoma tissues and cells. HMGB1 and RAGE protein expression was measured by western blotting. Osteosarcoma migration was measured using a Transwell and wound-healing assay. Osteosarcoma invasion was measured using a Transwell assay. Macrophage subtypes were detected using flow cytometry.
Results

HMGB1 is aberrantly overexpressed in osteosarcoma, and positively correlates with the TNM III & IV stages, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis. Silencing HMGB1 inhibits migration, invasion, and metastasis-related proteins in osteosarcoma cells. Furthermore, the reduced HMGB1 expression in the conditioned media derived from osteosarcoma cells also induces the polarization of M2 TAMs to M1 TAMs. In addition, silencing HMGB1 inhibits the liver and lung metastases of osteosarcoma and reduces the expression of HMGB1, CD163, and CD206 in vivo experiments. HMGB1 regulates macrophage polarization through RAGE. Interestingly, the polarized M2 macrophages could induce osteosarcoma migration and invasion, which in turn results in activation of HMGB1 expression in osteosarcoma cells to form a positive feedback loop.
Conclusions

HMGB1 and M2 macrophages enhance osteosarcoma migration, invasion, and metastasis capability through positive feedback regulation. These findings reveal the significance of tumor cell and TAM interaction in the metastatic microenvironment.
Assessment of Acute Stress Disorder of Young and Middle-Aged Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction And Analysis of The Influencing Factors
Authors: Wu Minjuan , Wenqin Wang , Xingwei Zhang , Junhua Li 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Young and middle-aged people are considered a vulnerable group to experience acute stress disorder (ASD) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This study aims to explore influencing factors to ASD in young and middle-aged groups.Methods: 190 patients of 18–60 years of age with acute myocardial infarction were enrolled in this study. We assessed the association between ASD and demographic data, adult attachment, and social support.Results: A total of 190 young and middle-aged people were investigated in this study. Among them, 65 cases were positive for acute stress disorder, with a positive rate of 34.21%. Multivariate stepwise regression showed that attachment-related anxiety, distribution of criminal vessels, perceived support, complications, and attachment-related avoidance are the main factors affecting acute stress disorder of young and middle-aged patients with AMI.Conclusions: The incidence of acute stress disorder in young and middle-aged patients with AMI is high. We should strengthen social support and pay attention to the psychological state of patients in the process of follow-up cardiac rehabilitation to improve their ability to deal with acute stress events and actively participate in postoperative cardiac rehabilitation.
Genome-wide Identification of the GRAS Gene Family of Actinidia Arguta
Authors: Liu Zhenpan , Sun Yang , Li Dongsheng , Song Jianyu , Yao Rongsheng , You Wenzhong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
GRAS transcription factors play important roles in plant growth, development, and abiotic and biotic stress responses. In this study, the genome-wide identification of the transcription factor family of Actinidia arguta was carried out including an analysis of the physical and chemical properties, phylogenetic development, gene structure, collinearity between genes, and protein interactions. A total of 88 GRAS genes were identified in the genome of Actinidia arguta with protein lengths of 103-510 aa, a molecular mass of 11,603.25-22,457.96 kDa, and isoelectric points in the hydrophilic range between 4.45 and 6.50 From these genes, 67 were located in the nucleus and 21 in the chloroplast. The identified genes were further divided into eight subfamilies: SCR, HAM, DELLA, PAT1, SHR, SCL4/7, and GIGR. Members of the same subfamily had similar gene structures and conserved motifs. Motif 5 was highly conserved in the GRAS family. On the chromosomes of LG3, LG15, LG22, LG24, LG26 and LG28, there was a large number of tandem duplications of GRAS genes, with 64 pairs of genes orthologous with Arabidopsis thaliana. The analysis of protein interactions found that there were interactive relationships between SCL28 in the DLT subfamily and SCL14 in the LISCL subfamily and between SCL13 in the PAT1 subfamily and proteins of the LAS subfamily. Interactions were also observed between the SCL30, SCL33, and HAM4 proteins in the LISCL subfamily. This study, therefore, provides a reference for mining and verification within the GRAS genes in the Actinidia arguta genome.