bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diabetes mellitus and its impact on mortality rate and outcome in pulmonary embolism
Authors: Schmitt Volker H , Hobohm Lukas , Sivanathan Visvakanth , Brochhausen Christoph , Gori Tommaso , Münzel Thomas , Konstantinides Stavros V , Keller Karsten 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAims/IntroductionIn patients with pulmonary embolism (PE), the impact of diabetes mellitus on patient profile and outcome is not well investigated.Material and MethodsThe German nationwide inpatient sample of the years 2005–2018 was analyzed. Hospitalized PE patients were stratified for diabetes, and the impact of diabetes on in‐hospital events was investigated.ResultsOverall, 1,174,196 PE patients (53.8% aged ≥70 years, 53.5% women) and, among these, 219,550 (18.7%) diabetes patients were included. In‐hospital mortality rate amounted to 15.8%, and was higher in diabetes patients than in non‐diabetes patients (19.8% vs 14.8%, P < 0.001). PE patients with diabetes had a higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, comorbidities, right ventricular dysfunction (31.8% vs 27.7%, P < 0.001), prolonged in‐hospital stay (11.0 vs 9.0 days, P < 0.001) and higher rates of adverse in‐hospital events. Remarkably, diabetes was independently associated with increased in‐hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR] 1.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.20–1.23, P < 0.001) when adjusted for age, sex and comorbidities. Within the observation period of 2005–2018, a relevant decrease of in‐hospital mortality in PE patients with diabetes was observed (25.5% to 16.8%). Systemic thrombolysis was more often administered to diabetes patients (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.01–3.49, P < 0.001), and diabetes was associated with intracerebral (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.12–1.26, P < 0.001), as well as gastrointestinal bleeding (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.07–1.15, P < 0.001). Type 1 diabetes mellitus was shown to be a strong risk factor in PE patients for shock, right ventricular dysfunction, cardiopulmonary resuscitation and in‐hospital death (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.61–1.90, P < 0.001).ConclusionsDespite the progress in diabetes treatments, diabetes is still associated with an unfavorable clinical patient profile and higher risk for adverse events, including substantially increased in‐hospital mortality in acute PE.
Environmental assessment of discarded plastic caps as a honeycomb core: An eco‐mechanical perspective
Authors: Oliveira Pablo Resende , Kilchert Sebastian , May Michael , Panzera Tulio Hallak , Scarpa Fabrizio , Hiermaier Stefan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe extensive disposal of plastic components into the environment requires an economically and ecologically feasible solution for the proper treatment or new uses for plastic waste. This study compares the environmental and mechanical performance of a sandwich panel based on disposed bottle caps core with different eco‐friendly skins and adhesive. A cradle‐to‐gate life cycle assessment compares the environmental impacts of the manufacture of six‐bottle cap panel designs with various skin (aluminum, recycled PET, and flax laminates) and adhesive types (epoxy vs. biopolymer) by calculating their ReCiPe midpoint impact indicators. An eco‐mechanical indicator is additionally proposed to measure the efficiency of designs with greater strength/stiffness and less environmental footprint. The bio‐based skin on the sandwich panel significantly reduces environmental damage between 32% and 87% compared to metallic skins. Recycled skin promotes the lowest impacts, while considerably reducing mechanical performance. The bio‐based adhesive has emissions up to 15% lower than epoxy. The eco‐mechanical balance showed up to 630% higher efficiency for bottle cap panel designs based on bio‐based polymer, flax‐based skins, and/or less adhesive depending on the mechanical response. Promising environmental performance with superior mechanical strength highlights the potential of bottle caps as an eco‐friendly honeycomb for secondary construction and transport structures.
Family‐based treatments for attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A review of family functioning outcomes in randomized controlled trials from 2010 to 2019
Authors: Babinski Dara E. , Sibley Margaret H. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis review details advances in randomized controlled trials of family‐based treatments for attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) conducted in the United States from 2010 to 2019, and the impact of these treatments on the domain of family functioning. Twenty‐two studies were included in the review and three types of family treatments, integrated parent–child treatments, parent‐directed treatments, and youth treatments with adjunctive parent involvement, were identified for children and adolescents. Studies point to considerable advancements in consideration of understudied and diverse populations, and results of the review show all three types of family interventions for ADHD should be considered well‐established interventions addressing family functioning. Practical guidelines are offered, and future directions for research are discussed.
Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of meloxicam in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) broodstock following intravascular, intramuscular, and oral administrations
Authors: Corum Orhan , Terzi Ertugrul , Durna Corum Duygu , Uney Kamil 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of meloxicam were investigated after single intravascular (IV), intramuscular (IM), and oral dose of 1 mg/kg in rainbow trout broodstock at 11 ± 1.2°C. A total of 36 healthy rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) broodstock weighing 1.40 ± 0.26 kg was used for the investigation. Plasma concentrations of meloxicam were measured with high‐performance liquid chromatography‐ultraviolet detection, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by non‐compartmental analysis. The elimination half‐life for IV, IM, and oral routes was 3.63, 4.55, and 2.95 h, respectively. The IV route for meloxicam showed the total clearance of 0.05 L/h/kg and volume of distribution at a steady state of 0.20 L/kg. The peak plasma concentration was 2.97 μg/ml for the IM route and 0.84 μg/ml for the oral route. The bioavailability was 78.45% for the IM route and 21.48% for the oral route. Meloxicam following IM and oral administration displayed short t1/2ʎz. The short t1/2ʎz could be an advantage for the short‐term use in acute conditions. The IM route with the good bioavailability can be preferred for the treatment of various conditions. However, developing new oral formulations with the good bioavailability for meloxicam is necessary to minimize stress and trauma through minimal handling in rainbow trout broodstock.
A novel TFL1 gene induces flowering in the mast seeding alpine snow tussock, Chionochloa pallens (Poaceae)
Authors: Samarth  , Lee Robyn , Kelly Dave , Turnbull Matthew H. , Macknight Richard , Poole Anthony M. , Jameson Paula E. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMasting, the synchronous, highly variable flowering across years by a population of perennial plants, has been reported to be precipitated by various factors including nitrogen levels, drought conditions, and spring and summer temperatures. However, the molecular mechanism leading to the initiation of flowering in masting plants in particular years remains largely unknown, despite the potential impact of climate change on masting phenology. We studied genes controlling flowering in the alpine snow tussock Chionochloa pallens (Poaceae), a strongly masting perennial grass. We used a range of in situ and manipulated plants to obtain leaf samples from tillers (shoots) which subsequently remained vegetative or flowered. Here, we show that a novel orthologue of TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (TFL1; normally a repressor of flowering in other species) promotes the induction of flowering in C. pallens (hence Anti‐TFL1), a conclusion supported by structural, functional and expression analyses. Global transcriptomic analysis indicated differential expression of CpTPS1, CpGA20ox1, CpREF6 and CpHDA6, emphasizing the role of endogenous cues and epigenetic regulation in terms of responsiveness of plants to initiate flowering. Our molecular‐based study provides insights into the cellular mechanism of flowering in masting plants and will supplement ecological and statistical models to predict how masting will respond to global climate change.
Solanaceous plants switch to cytokinin‐mediated immunity against Ralstonia solanacearum under high temperature and high humidity
Authors: Yang Sheng , Cai Weiwei , Shen Lei , Wu Ruijie , Cao Jianshen , Tang Weiqi , Lu Qiaoling , Huang Yu , Guan Deyi , He Shuilin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPlant diseases generally tend to be more serious under conditions of high temperature and high humidity (HTHH) than under ambient temperature, but plant immunity against pathogen attacks under HTHH remains elusive. Herein, we used pepper as an example to study how Solanaceae cope with Ralstonia solanacearum infection (RSI) under HTHH by performing RNA‐seq combined with the reverse genetic method. The result showed that immunities mediated by salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) in pepper roots were activated by RSI under ambient temperature. However, upon RSI under HTHH, JA signalling was blocked and SA signalling was activated early but its duration was greatly shortened in pepper roots, instead, expression of CaIPT5 and Glutathione S‐transferase encoding genes, as well as endogenous content of trans‐Zeatin, were enhanced. In addition, by silencing in pepper plants and overexpression in Nicotiana benthamiana, CaIPT5 was found to act positively in the immune response to RSI under HTHH in a way related to CaPRP1 and CaMgst3. Furthermore, the susceptibility of pepper, tomato and tobacco to RSI under HTHH was significantly reduced by exogenously applied tZ, but not by either SA or MeJA. All these data collectively suggest that pepper employs cytokinin‐mediated immunity to cope with RSI under HTHH.
Guiding principles for social security policy: Outcomes from a bottom‐up approach
Authors: Orton Michael , Summers Kate , Morris Rosa 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCovid‐19 has highlighted the inadequacy of UK social security but also the lack of consensus among progressive actors about what would be a better system. One way forward is to focus on the principles that should underpin social security. We present outcomes from a project in which principles were considered by a panel of Expert by Experience benefit claimants. We argue that while scholars often engage in descriptively identifying social security principles in existing policy, the bottom‐up approach presented here offers a way of generating normative principles to guide an improved future system. We identify key contributions of this bottom‐up approach relating to: the critical importance of principles as a guide to the fundamental purpose of social security, and policy making; the relationship between the treatment of claimants and benefit levels as co‐dependent; and how a bottom‐up process can produce results that engage with and contribute holistically to the debate.
Epidemiological investigation of a tularaemia outbreak after a hare hunt in Bavaria, Germany, 2018
Authors: Böhm Stefanie , vom Berge Katharina , Hierhammer Daniela , Jacob Daniela , Grunow Roland , Riehm Julia M. , Konrad Regina , Dauer Marc , Bouschery Berit , Hossain Hamid , Schichtl Elisabeth , Böhmer Merle M. 
Published: November 2021

SummaryIn November 2018, a tularaemia outbreak occurred in Bavaria, Germany, among participants of a hare hunt and butchery employees handling the hares. We conducted an epidemiological outbreak investigation, including a retrospective cohort study among hunting participants, to identify likely transmission routes and activities associated with infection. Twelve of 41 participants were antibody‐positive for Francisella (F.) tularensis (attack rate: 29%). Cases reported influenza‐like symptoms (n = 11), lymphadenopathy (n = 1) and conjunctivitis (n = 1). Infection only occurred in those hunting participants present while hares were processed, while risk of infection was highest when directly involved (RR = 10.0; 95%CI: 2.6–392). F. tularensis was isolated from 1/4 hares. Only two individuals reported using some of the recommended personal protective equipment (PPE). Occurrence of mainly non‐specific symptoms, likely due to early treatment, was not indicative of a specific transmission route. Transmissions via direct (skin/mucosa) contact and by inhalation of contaminated aerosols seem plausible. Promoting and increasing appropriate use of PPE among people processing hares is crucial to prevent future outbreaks.
Surface Modification of Stainless-Steel Membrane using a Closed-Batch iCVD Reactor for Oil/Water Separation
Authors: Gürsoy M. , Saygı Ö. , Hoyladı R. , Yorulmaz M. , Karaman M. 
Published: November 2021

Oil-spill is one of the major global issues facing society in this century. The aim of this study was to develop a steel-based membrane for selective separation of oil from oil/water mixture. For this purpose, a single-step, rapid and environmentally friendly closed-batch initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) method was employed to deposit hydrophobic thin film on a stainless-steel mesh. Perfluorodecyl acrylate (PFDA) and tert-butyl peroxide (TBPO) were used as monomer and initiator, respectively. Owing to the inherent vapor-based nature of iCVD method provided excellent conformal coverage on the mesh with high durability. iCVD coated mesh showed 96% oil/water separation efficiency. Highly reproducible results were obtained when the oil/water separation experiments were repeated.
Fraudulent Detection Model Using Machine Learning Techniques for Unstructured Supplementary Service Data
Authors: Akinje Ayorinde O. , Fuad Abdulgalee 
Published: November 2021

The increase in mobile phones accessibility and technological advancement in almost every corner of the world has shaped how banks offer financial service. Such services were extended to low-end customers without a smartphone providing Alternative Banking Channels (ABCs) service, rendering regular financial service same as those on smartphones. One of the services of this ABC’s is Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD), two-way communication between mobile phones and applications, which is used to render financial services all from the bank accounts linked for this USSD service. Fraudsters have taken advantage of innocent customers on this channel to carry out fraudulent activities with high impart of fraudulent there is still not an implemented fraud detection model to detect this fraud activities. This paper is an investigation into fraud detection model using machine learning techniques for Unstructured Supplementary Service Data based on short-term memory. Statistical features were derived by aggregating customers activities using a short window size to improve the model performance on selected machine learning classifiers, employing the best set of features to improve the model performance. Based on the results obtained, the proposed Fraudulent detection model demonstrated that with the appropriate machine learning techniques for USSD, best performance was achieved with Random forest having the best result of 100% across all its performance measure, KNeighbors was second in performance measure having an average of 99% across all its performance measure while Gradient boosting was third in its performance measure, its achieved accuracy is 91.94%, precession is 86%, recall is 100% and f1 score is 92.54%. Result obtained shows two of the selected machine learning random forest and decision tree are best fit for the fraud detection in this model. With the right features derived and an appropriate machine learning algorithm, the proposed model offers the best fraud detection accuracy.
Designing Ray-Pointing using Real hand and Touch-based in Handheld Augmented Reality for Object Selection
Authors: Abdul Halim Nur Ameerah , Ismail Ajune Wanis 
Published: November 2021

Augmented Reality (AR) have been widely explored worldwide for their potential as a technology that enhances information representation. As technology progresses, smartphones (handheld devices) now have sophisticated processors and cameras for capturing static photographs and video, as well as a variety of sensors for tracking the user's position, orientation, and motion. Hence, this paper would discuss a finger-ray pointing technique in real-time for interaction in handheld AR and comparing the technique with the conventional technique in handheld, touch-screen interaction. The aim of this paper is to explore the ray pointing interaction in handheld AR for 3D object selection. Previous works in handheld AR and also covers Mixed Reality (MR) have been recapped.
Supervised Machine Learning Algorithms for Sentiment Analysis of Bangla Newspaper
Authors: Maisha Sabrina Jahan , Nafisa Nuren , Muhammad Masum Abdul Kadar 
Published: November 2021

We can state undoubtedly that Bangla language is rich enough to work with and implement various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. Though it needs proper attention, hardly NLP field has been explored with it. In this age of digitalization, large amount of Bangla news contents are generated in online platforms. Some of the contents are inappropriate for the children or aged people. With the motivation to filter out news contents easily, the aim of this work is to perform document level sentiment analysis (SA) on Bangla online news. In this respect, the dataset is created by collecting news from online Bangla newspaper archive. Further, the documents are manually annotated into positive and negative classes. Composite process technique of “Pipeline” class including Count Vectorizer, transformer (TF-IDF) and machine learning (ML) classifiers are employed to extract features and to train the dataset. Six supervised ML classifiers (i.e. Multinomial Naive Bayes (MNB), K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN), Random Forest (RF), (C4.5) Decision Tree (DT), Logistic Regression (LR) and Linear Support Vector Machine (LSVM)) are used to analyze the best classifier for the proposed model. There has been very few works on SA of Bangla news. So, this work is a small attempt to contribute in this field. This model showed remarkable efficiency through better results in both the validation process of percentage split method and 10-fold cross validation. Among all six classifiers, RF has outperformed others by 99% accuracy. Even though LSVM has shown lowest accuracy of 80%, it is also considered as good output. However, this work has also exhibited surpassing outcome for recent and critical Bangla news indicating proper feature extraction to build up the model.
Investigation of Two-Phase Rimming Flow and Heat Transfer Inside Rotational Paper Cylinder Dryers Using Three Multiphase Computational Models
Authors: Majeed Hamed Abdul , Pereira Victor Barboza , Wang Ting , D’Amico Joseph V. , Kononchek Chris 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The paper industry uses rotating cylinder dryers that employ steam to heat the paper web moving over the cylinder outer walls. As steam condenses, the condensate is accumulated inside the dryers and evacuated using siphons. The form of condensate motion occurring inside a rotating dryer consists of three modes: puddling, cascading, or rimming. To help improve the drying performance, it is important to understand the fundamental thermal-fluid physics in the rotational dryer. Thus, the objectives of this study are to (a) investigate the dynamic two-phase flow and heat transfer behavior inside the rotational dryer at different rotational speeds; (b) employ three different multiphase computational models, the Volume of Fluid (VOF) model, the Mixture model, and the Eulerian–Eulerian (E–E) model; and compare their results. The results show that the E–E model better captures the physics of condensate behavior inside the dryer. It also predicts very well the rimming speed in comparison with the empirical correlation although it takes longer computational time than the VOF model. The mixture model does not adequately capture the cascade and rimming physics due to excessive liquid dispersion. Based on the results, the categorization of the thermal-flow behavior of the liquid layer is expanded from the traditional three phases to five phases: puddling, transitional cascading, cascading, transitional rimming, and steady rimming. Generally, the heat transfer increases during the initial puddling period, followed by oscillatory attenuation during the cascade period, and finally reaches the steady-state after rimming is achieved.
U-Pb (ID-TIMS) Geochronological Studies of High-Uranium Metamict Zircons: New Opportunities of Familiar Approaches
Authors: Ivanova A. A. , Salnikova E. B. , Kotov A. B. , Plotkina Yu. V. , Tolmacheva E. V. , Syritso L. F. , Bocharov V. N. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe possibility of the application of high-uranium self-irradiation-damaged metamict zircon for U-Pb geochronological studies (ID-TIMS) after preliminary high-temperature annealing and acid treatment was demonstrated using zircon from the Li–F granites of the Turga massif (Eastern Transbaikalia). Optimal conditions of high-temperature annealing and acid treatment of zircon with high self-irradiation α-dose can be selected to remove completely a metamict phase and preserve sufficient quantities of the mineral for U-Pb (ID-TIMS) studies.
Regression models of carbon and CO2 sequestration of hybrid poplar plantations in northern Serbia
Authors: Čomić Dragan R. 
Published: November 2021

This research contributes to the assessment of the potential for carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration in poplar plantations, through applying regression models of total and annual sequestration as related to stand age. The study was carried out in northern Serbia, in plantations of Populus ×euramericana (Dode) Guinier clone I-214. Based on the measured data obtained during the field research, a modeling framework for quantifying carbon (C) sequestration in forest ecosystems (CO2FIX version 3.1) was used to calculate the total carbon stored in fresh (aboveground and belowground) biomass, in soil organic matter, and in wood products. Four regression models were created as a part of the research: (i) total C sequestration model, (ii) total CO2 sequestration and carbon credit (CO2e) generation model, (iii) annual C sequestration model, and (iv) annual CO2 sequestration and annual carbon credit generation model. The stand-level research results indicated that the total sequestration of C for a 30-year production cycle was 78.58 t C·ha−1, while the average value for all years of a 30-year production cycle was 44.02 t C·ha−1. The average annual sequestration of C for all years of a 30-year production cycle was 2.62 t C·ha−1·year−1, while the average annual sequestration of CO2 or the average annual changes in CO2 stocks for all years of a 30-year production cycle was 9.60 t CO2·ha−1·year−1.