bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seasonal temperature and moisture changes in interior semi‐arid Spain from the last interglacial to the Late Holocene
Authors: Wei Dongyang , González-Sampériz Penélope , Gil-Romera Graciela , Harrison Sandy P. , Prentice I. Colin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The El Cañizar de Villarquemado pollen record covers the last part of MIS 6 to the Late Holocene. We use Tolerance-Weighted Averaging Partial Least Squares (TWA-PLS) to reconstruct mean temperature of the coldest month (MTCO) and growing degree days above 0°C (GDD0) and the ratio of annual precipitation to annual potential evapotranspiration (MI), accounting for the ecophysiological effect of changing CO2 on water-use efficiency. Rapid summer warming occurred during the Zeifen-Kattegat Oscillation at the transition to MIS 5. Summers were cold during MIS 4 and MIS 2, but some intervals of MIS 3 had summers as warm as the warmest phases of MIS 5 or the Holocene. Winter temperatures declined from MIS 4 to MIS 2. Changes in temperature seasonality within MIS 5 and MIS 1 are consistent with insolation seasonality changes. Conditions became progressively more humid during MIS 5, and MIS 4 was also humid, although MIS 3 was more arid. Changes in MI and GDD0 are anti-correlated, with increased MI during summer warming intervals. Comparison with other records shows glacial-interglacial changes were not unform across the circum-Mediterranean region, but available quantitative reconstructions are insufficient to determine if east-west differences reflect the circulation-driven precipitation dipole seen in recent decades.
LAC-UFF STATUS REPORT: CURRENT PROTOCOLS AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
Authors: Oliveira Fabiana , Macario Kita , Carvalho Carla , Moreira Vinicius , Alves Eduardo Q , Chanca Ingrid , Diaz Maikel , Jou Renata , Hammerschlag Izabela , Netto Bruna M , Oliveira Maria Isabela , Assumpção Ayrton , Fernandes Dayanne 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTThe Radiocarbon Laboratory of the Fluminense Federal University was installed in 2009, and its NEC Single Stage Accelerator Mass Spectrometry system has been operational since 2012. As the first14C-AMS facility in Latin America, the LAC-UFF became a reference center for radiocarbon (14C) dating in Brazil. Over the years we have implemented pretreatment protocols for several kinds of materials, such as cellulose, soil, bone, and biofuels. In the present paper we describe our current protocols for the preparation of these types of samples. Moreover, after 10 years of operation, with the aim of expanding the range of materials we are able to analyze, we report the results of several tests to improve accuracy, precision and background levels. For example, here we discuss how isotopic fractionation during the graphitization and measurement steps has been controlled. Concerning results interpretation, our research group has been using OxCal chronological models to analyze different contexts such as stromatolite growth, tree rings, soil deposition and marine reservoir effect (MRE) determination.
Evaluation of the impact of patient input in health technology assessments at NICE
Authors: Livingstone Heidi , Verdiel Vassilia , Crosbie Helen , Upadhyaya Sheela , Harris Kevin , Thomas Lizzie 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Objective
Accounts of patient experiences are increasingly used in health technology assessment (HTA) processes. However, we know little about their impact on the decision-making process. This study aims to assess the level and the type of impact of patient input to highly specialised technologies (HSTs) and interventional procedures (IPs) guidance at the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE).

Methods
A questionnaire was developed to capture quantitative and qualitative data on the amount and type of impact of patient input into NICE HTAs. It was completed by committee members of the guidance-producing programs after a discussion of the considered topics. The data were analyzed by topic and overall, for each program, and compared across programs.

Results
Patient input was assessed on ten pieces of HST guidance published between January 2015 and November 2019, and on twenty-six pieces of IP guidance scoped between February 2016 and October 2018. A total of 96 responses were collected for HST and 440 for IP. The level of impact of patient input was higher for HST than for IP. For HST, no respondents stated that it had no impact, whereas in IP, 35 percent of respondents did. The most common types of impact found for HST and IP were that it helped interpret the other evidence and that it provided new evidence.

Conclusions
The impact of patient input is not necessarily explicit in changing recommendations, but it provides context, reassurance, and new information to the committee for the decision-making process in HTAs.
Teaching Data Science in Political Science: Integrating Methods with Substantive Curriculum
Authors: Williams Unislawa , Brown Robert , Davis Marilyn , Pavri Tinaz , Shafiei Fatemeh 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTThe importance of data science in society today is undeniable, and now is the time to prepare data science talent (National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine 2018). Data science demands collaboration, but collaboration within political science departments has been weak in teaching data science. Bridging substantive and methods courses can critically aid in teaching data science because it facilitates this collaboration. Our innovation is to integrate data science into both substantive and methods courses through a dedicated data science course and modules on data science topics taught in substantive courses. This approach allows not only for more opportunities for teaching and practice of data science methods but also helps students to understand how social, economic, and political biases and incentives can affect their data.
Autobiographical Memory Fluency Reductions in Cognitively Unimpaired Middle-Aged and Older Adults at Increased Risk for Alzheimer’s Disease Dementia
Authors: Grilli Matthew D. , Wank Aubrey A. , Huentelman Matthew J. , Ryan Lee 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjective:Recent research has revealed that cognitively unimpaired older adults who are at higher risk for developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia often exhibit subtle cognitive alterations in their neuropsychological profiles. Emerging evidence suggests that autobiographical memory, which is memory for personal events and knowledge, may be sensitive to early AD-related cognitive alterations. In the present study, we investigated whether the rapid generation of autobiographical memory category exemplars, a retrieval process that taxes the neural network that is vulnerable to early AD, is compromised in cognitively unimpaired middle-aged and older carriers of the e4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE4), which increases risk for AD dementia.Methods:In addition to standard neuropsychological tests, we administered a fluency task that requires generating exemplars for two types of autobiographical memory, namely episodic memories and personal semantics, to a group of cognitively unimpaired middle-aged and older adults (n = 45) enriched with APOE4 carriers (n = 20).Results:While no APOE4 deficits were found on standard neuropsychological tests, episodic and personal semantic exemplar generation was reduced in the APOE4 group.Discussion:Autobiographical memory aberrations associated with a higher risk for AD are evident in fluency and affect both episodic memory and personal semantics.
Study on Evolution of Micropipes from Hexagonal Voids in 4H-SiC Crystals by Cathodoluminescence Imaging
Authors: Arora Aman , Patel Ankit , Yadav Brajesh S. , Goyal Anshu , Thakur Om P. , Garg Arun K. , Raman Ramachandran 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Dissecting quasars with the J-PAS narrow-band photometric survey
Authors: Bonoli Silvia , Calderone Giorgio , Abramo Raul , Alcaniz Jailson , Benitez Narciso , Carneiro Saulo , Cenarro Javier , Cristóbal-Hornillos David , Dupke Renato , Ederoclite Alessandro , San Juan Carlos López , Marín-Franch Antonio , Mendes de Oliviera Claudia , Moles Mariano , Placco Vinicius , Sodré Laerte , Taylor Keith , Varela Jesús , Vázquez Ramió Héctor ,   the J-PAS collaboration
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe J-PAS survey will soon start observing thousands of square degrees of the Northern Sky with its unique set of 56 narrow band filters covering the entire optical wavelength range, providing, effectively, a low resolution spectra for every object detected. Active galaxies and quasars, thanks to their strong emission lines, can be easily identified and characterized with J-PAS data. A variety of studies can be performed, from IFU-like analysis of local AGN, to clustering of high-z quasars. We also expect to be able to extract intrinsic physical quasar properties from the J-PAS pseudo-spectra, including continuum slope and emission line luminosities. Here we show the first attempts of using the QSFit software package to derive the properties for 22 quasars at 0.8 < z < 2 observed by the miniJPAS survey, the first deg2 of J-PAS data obtained with an interim camera. Results are compared with the ones obtained by applying the same software to SDSS quasar spectra.
The quasar main sequence and its potential for cosmology
Authors: Marziani Paola , Dultzin Deborah , del Olmo Ascensión , D’Onofrio Mauro , de Diego José A. , Stirpe Giovanna M. , Bon Edi , Bon Natasa , Czerny Bożena , Perea Jaime , Panda Swayamtrupta , Loli Martinez-Aldama Mary , Negrete C. A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe main sequence offers a method for the systematization of quasar spectral properties. Extreme FeII emitters (or extreme Population A, xA) are believed to be sources accreting matter at very high rates. They are easily identifiable along the quasar main sequence, in large spectroscopic surveys over a broad redshift range. The very high accretion rate makes it possible that massive black holes hosted in xA quasars radiate at a stable, extreme luminosity-to-mass ratio. After reviewing the basic interpretation of the main sequence, we report on the possibility of identifying virial broadening estimators from low-ionization line widths, and provide evidence of the conceptual validity of redshift-independent luminosities based on virial broadening for a known luminosity-to-mass ratio.
Feii emission in NLS1s – originating from denser regions with higher abundances?
Authors: Panda Swayamtrupta , Marziani Paola , Czerny Bożena 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe interpretation of the main sequence of quasars has become a frontier subject in the last years. This considers the effect of a highly flattened, axially symmetric geometry for the broad line region (BLR) on the parameters related to the distribution of quasars along their main sequence. We utilize the photoionization code CLOUDY to model the BLR, assuming ‘un-constant’ virial factor with a strong dependence on the viewing angle. We show the preliminary results of the analysis to highlight the co-dependence of the Eigenvector 1 parameter, RFeii on the broad Hβ FWHM (i.e. the line dispersion) and the inclination angle (θ), assuming fixed values for the Eddington ratio (Lbo1/LEdd), black hole mass (MBH) and spectral energy distribution (SED) shape. We consider four cases with changing cloud density (nH) and composition. Understanding the emitting region is crucial as this knowledge can be extended to the use of quasars as distance indicators for Cosmology.‡
High-resolution radio astronomy: An outlook for Africa
Authors: Gurvits Leonid I. , Beswick Robert , Hoare Melvin , Njeri Ann , Blanchard Jay , Sharpe Carla , Tiplady Adrian , de Witt Aletha 
Published: January 2021

AbstractVery Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) offers unrivalled resolution in studies of celestial radio sources. The subjects of interest of the current IAU Symposium, the Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) of all types, constitute the major observing sample of modern VLBI networks. At present, the largest in the world in terms of the number of telescopes and geographical coverage is the European VLBI Network (EVN), which operates under the “open sky” policy via peer-reviewed observing proposals. Recent EVN observations cover a broad range of science themes from high-sensitivity monitoring of structural changes in inner AGN areas to observations of tidal eruptions in AGN cores and investigation of redshift-dependent properties of parsec-scale radio structures of AGN. All the topics above should be considered as potentially rewarding scientific activities of the prospective African VLBI Network (AVN), a natural “scientific ally” of EVN. This contribution briefly describe the status and near-term strategy for the AVN development as a southern extension of the EVN-AVN alliance and as an eventual bridge to the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) with its mid-frequency core in South Africa.
Galaxy evolution studies in clusters: the case of Cl0024 + 1652 cluster galaxies at z ∼ 0.4
Authors: Beyoro-Amado Zeleke , Pović Mirjana , Sánchez-Portal Miguel , Belay Tessema Solomon , Getachew-Woreta Tilahun ,   the GLACE team
Published: January 2021

AbstractStudying the transformation of cluster galaxies contributes a lot to have a clear picture of evolution of the universe. Towards that we are studying different properties (morphology, star formation, AGN contribution and metallicity) of galaxies in clusters up to z ∼ 1.0 taking three different clusters: ZwCl0024 + 1652 at z ∼ 0.4, RXJ1257 + 4738 at z ∼ 0.9 and Virgo at z ∼ 0.0038. For ZwCl0024 + 1652 and RXJ1257 + 4738 clusters we used tunable filters data from GLACE survey taken with GTC 10.4 m telescope and other public data, while for Virgo we used public data. We did the morphological classification of 180 galaxies in ZwCl0024 + 1652 using galSVM, where 54 % and 46 % of galaxies were classified as early-type (ET) and late-type (LT) respectively. We did a comparison between the three clusters within the clustercentric distance of 1 Mpc and found that ET proportion (decreasing with redshift) dominates over the LT (increasing with redshift) throughout. We finalized the data reduction for ZwCl0024 + 1652 cluster and identified 46 [OIII] and 73 Hβ emission lines. For this cluster we have classified 22 emission line galaxies (ELGs) using BPT-NII diagnostic diagram resulting with 14 composite, 1 AGN and 7 star forming (SF) galaxies. We are using these results, together with the public data, for further analysis of the variations of properties in relation to redshift within z < 1.0.
The role of AGN activity in the building up of the BCG at z ∼ 1.6
Authors: Bongiorno Angela , Travascio Andrea 
Published: January 2021

AbstractXDCPJ0044.0-2033 is one of the most massive galaxy cluster atz∼1.6, for which a wealth of multi-wavelength photometric and spectroscopic data have been collected during the last years. I have reported on the properties of the galaxy members in the very central region (∼ 70kpc× 70kpc) of the cluster, derived through deep HST photometry, SINFONI and KMOS IFU spectroscopy, together with Chandra X-ray, ALMA and JVLA radio data.In the core of the cluster, we have identified two groups of galaxies (Complex A and Complex B), seven of them confirmed to be cluster members, with signatures of ongoing merging. These galaxies show perturbed morphologies and, three of them show signs of AGN activity. In particular, two of them, located at the center of each complex, have been found to host luminous, obscured and highly accreting AGN (λ = 0.4−0.6) exhibiting broad Hα line. Moreover, a third optically obscured type-2 AGN, has been discovered through BPT diagram in Complex A. The AGN at the center of Complex B is detected in X-ray while the other two, and their companions, are spatially related to radio emission. The three AGN provide one of the closest AGN triple at z > 1 revealed so far with a minimum (maximum) projected distance of 10 kpc (40 kpc). The discovery of multiple AGN activity in a highly star-forming region associated to the crowded core of a galaxy cluster atz∼ 1.6, suggests that these processes have a key role in shaping the nascent Brightest Cluster Galaxy, observed at the center of local clusters. According to our data, all galaxies in the core of XDCPJ0044.0-2033 could form a BCG ofM*∼ 1012Mȯhosting a BH of 2 × 108−109Mȯ, in a time scale of the order of 2.5 Gyrs.
Comparison of Familial, Polygenic and Biochemical Predictors of Mortality
Authors: Whitfield John B. , Colodro-Conde Lucía , Timmers Paul R. H. J. , Joshi Peter K. , Montgomery Grant W. , Martin Nicholas G. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMortality risk is known to be associated with many physiological or biochemical risk factors, and polygenic risk scores (PRSs) may offer an additional or alternative approach to risk stratification. We have compared the predictive value of common biochemical tests, PRSs and information on parental survival in a cohort of twins and their families. Common biochemical test results were available for up to 13,365 apparently healthy men and women, aged 17−93 years (mean 49.0, standard deviation [SD] 13.7) at blood collection. PRSs for longevity were available for 14,169 study participants and reported parental survival for 25,784 participants. A search for information on date and cause of death was conducted through the Australian National Death Index, with median follow-up of 11.3 years. Cox regression was used to evaluate associations with mortality from all causes, cancers, cardiovascular diseases and other causes. Linear relationships with all-cause mortality were strongest for C-reactive protein, gamma-glutamyl transferase, glucose and alkaline phosphatase, with hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.16 (95% CI [1.07, 1.24]), 1.15 (95% CI 1.04–1.21), 1.13 (95% CI [1.08, 1.19]) and 1.11 (95% CI [1.05, 1.88]) per SD difference, respectively. Significant nonlinear effects were found for urea, uric acid and butyrylcholinesterase. Lipid risk factors were not statistically significant for mortality in our cohort. Family history and PRS showed weaker but significant associations with survival, with HR in the range 1.05 to 1.09 per SD difference. In conclusion, biochemical tests currently predict long-term mortality more strongly than genetic scores based on genotyping or on reported parental survival.
The Majoritarian Threat to Liberal Democracy
Authors: Grossman Guy , Kronick Dorothy , Levendusky Matthew , Meredith Marc 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIncumbents often seek to wield power in ways that are formally legal but informally proscribed. Why do voters endorse these power grabs? Prior literature focuses on polarization. We propose instead that many voters are majoritarian, in that they view popularly elected leaders’ actions as inherently democratic – even when those actions undermine liberal democracy. We find support for this claim in two original survey experiments, arguing that majoritarians’ desire to give wide latitude to elected officials is an important but understudied threat to liberal democracy in the United States.
Leaf Wax Hydrogen Isotopes as a Hydroclimate Proxy in the Tropical Pacific
Authors: Ladd S. N. , Maloney A. E. , Nelson D. B. , Prebble M. , Camperio G. , Sear D. A. , Hassall J. D. , Langdon P. G. , Sachs J. P. , Dubois N. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHydrogen isotope ratios of sedimentary leaf waxes (δ2HWax values) are increasingly used to reconstruct past hydroclimate. Here, we add δ2HWax values from 19 lakes and four swamps on 15 tropical Pacific islands to an updated global compilation of published data from surface sediments and soils. Globally, there is a strong positive linear correlation between δ2H values of mean annual precipitation (δ2HP values) and the leaf waxes n‐C29‐alkane (R2 = 0.74, n = 665) and n‐C28‐acid (R2 = 0.74, n = 242). Tropical Pacific δ2HWax values fall within the predicted range of values based on the global calibration, and the largest residuals from the global regression line are no greater than those observed elsewhere, despite large uncertainties in δ2HP values at some Pacific sites. However, tropical Pacific δ2HWax values in isolation are not correlated with estimated δ2HP values from isoscapes or from isotope‐enabled general circulation models. Palynological analyses from these same Pacific sediment samples suggest no systematic relationship between any particular type of pollen distribution and deviations from the global calibration line. Rather, the poor correlations observed in the tropical Pacific are likely a function of the small range of δ2HP values relative to the typical residuals around the global calibration line. Our results suggest that δ2HWax values are currently most suitable for use in detecting large changes in precipitation in the tropical Pacific and elsewhere, but that ample room for improving this threshold exits in both improved understanding of δ2H variability in plants, as well as in precipitation.
Ultrafast transient sub-bandgap absorption of monolayer MoS2
Authors: Das Susobhan , Wang Yadong , Dai Yunyun , Li Shisheng , Sun Zhipei 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe light–matter interaction in materials is of remarkable interest for various photonic and optoelectronic applications, which is intrinsically determined by the bandgap of the materials involved. To extend the applications beyond the bandgap limit, it is of great significance to study the light–matter interaction below the material bandgap. Here, we report the ultrafast transient absorption of monolayer molybdenum disulfide in its sub-bandgap region from ~0.86 µm to 1.4 µm. Even though this spectral range is below the bandgap, we observe a significant absorbance enhancement up to ~4.2% in the monolayer molybdenum disulfide (comparable to its absorption within the bandgap region) due to pump-induced absorption by the excited carrier states. The different rise times of the transient absorption at different wavelengths indicate the various contributions of the different carrier states (i.e., real carrier states in the short-wavelength region of ~<1 µm, and exciton states in the long wavelength region of ~>1 µm). Our results elucidate the fundamental understanding regarding the optical properties, excited carrier states, and carrier dynamics in the technologically important near-infrared region, which potentially leads to various photonic and optoelectronic applications (e.g., excited-state-based photodetectors and modulators) of two-dimensional materials and their heterostructures beyond their intrinsic bandgap limitations.