bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge by Primary Care of mental health patients treated at outpatient specialized services: prevalence and associated factors
Authors: Treichel Carlos Alberto dos Santos , Bakolis Ioannis , Campos Rosana Teresa Onocko 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Although matrix support seeks to promote the integration of Primary Care with specialized mental health services in Brazil, little is known about the quantitative impact of this strategy on the sharing of cases between different levels of care. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with knowledge by Primary Care of mental health patients treated at outpatient specialized services in a medium-sized city in Brazil with recent implementation of matrix support.
Methods

This is a document-based cross-sectional study, conducted through the analysis of 1198 patients’ medical records. Crude and adjusted associations with the outcome were explored using logistic regression.
Results

The prevalence of cases known by Primary Care was 40% (n = 479). Evidence was found for associations between the outcome and the patients being over 30 years old, and referral by emergency or hospital services. There was, conversely, an inverse association between the outcome and status as a patient from the Outpatient Clinic or from the Psychosocial Care Center for psychoactive substance misuse.
Conclusions

Even with the provision of mechanisms for network integration, such as matrix support, our results suggest that more groundwork is necessary to ensure that the sharing of cases between Primary Care and specialized services is effective.
Optical Properties in The Hole-Doped Ca8.5Na1.5(Pt3As8)(Fe2As2)5 Single Crystal
Authors: Choi W. J. , Seo Y. I. , Kimura Shin-ichi , Kwon Yong Seung 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
For newly synthesized hole-doped Ca8.5Na1.5(Pt3As8)(Fe2As2)5 single crystals, we measured the infrared reflectivity spectrum and the magnetic field dependence of magnetoresistivity and Hall resistivity. The results of these two experiments in normal states are well described by two band models. In the normal state below 150 K, the optical conductivity spectrum shows a transfer of spectral weights from the mid-infrared region to the near-infrared region. Meanwhile, the magnetoresistance and Hall resistance show a significant decrease in carrier density at 150 K. These two phenomena are due to the conversion of itinerant electrons to heavy electrons by the strong correlation effect, Hund's coupling. In the superconducting state, the spectral weight in the low frequency region by the superconducting condensate is completely suppressed, which is well analyzed by the generalized Mattis-Bardeen (M-B) model with a two superconducting gap.
Operando laser scattering: probing the evolution of local pH gradients on complex electrode architectures
Authors: Grozovski Vitali , Moreno-Garcia Pavel , Karst Elea , Gálvez-Vázquez María de Jesús , Fluegel Alexander , Kitayaporn Sathana , Vesztergom Soma , Broekmann Peter 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Self-assembly, complexation, agglomeration and precipitation phenomena relevant to biological, electrocatalytic and technological processes are strongly influenced by changes of the local pH at the solid-liquid interfaces where they occur. Understanding proton dynamics in the diffusion layers generated by these processes is of prime importance to improve their diagnosis and enable modelling and better control over them. Here we introduce a non-invasive pH-sensing approach that is based on the Tyndall effect enhancement modulated by pH-controlled agglomeration events. Using metal electrodeposition for advanced semiconductor wiring technology as a test vehicle, we demonstrate that our proposed strategy simultaneously provides real-time visualization of the pH dynamics and pH-guided reactivity with high spatial resolution without physically or chemically influencing the investigated surfaces. We suggest that its applicability can be universally extended to other relevant nanoaggregation/decomplexation processes occurring at light-addressable interfaces provided the probed colloids are smaller than the wavelength of visible light.
Institutionalized Elderly are able to Detect Small Viscosity Variations in Thickened Water with Gum-based Thickeners. Should Texture Classifications be Reviewed?
Authors: Calmarza-Chueca Fernando , Sánchez-Gimeno Ana-Cristina , Perez-Nogueras Javier , Caverni-Muñoz Alberto , Sanz-Arque Alejandro , Arbones-Mainar José Miguel , Sanz-Paris Alejandro 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The prevalence of dysphagia is very high in institutionalized elderly. Knowledge of the rheological and sensory characteristics of the various thickeners is limited, although it has been seen that there are differences between the rheological behaviors of different gum-based thickeners with different composition. We have not found sensory studies of viscosity in institutionalized elderly. Our hypothesis was that viscosity ranges established by the scientific societies seem to be very wide and individuals might be able to detect small differences within the same texture range. The objectives of our study were comparing the rheological characteristics of two commercial gum-based thickeners with different composition, dissolved in water under standard conditions, and checking whether it could be possible to detect different viscosities within the same texture (nectar and honey) with the use of sensory analysis (both with adults and elderly). Methods: Two commercial thickeners based on gums (NC and RC) were studied analyzing their viscosity in water with different concentrations (shear rate: 50 s-1; temperature: 22-25°C). A sensory analysis involving 26 elderly and 29 adult controls was carried out to evaluate whether differences within nectar and honey textures among gum-based thickeners could be distinguished. Results: As the shear rate increases, viscosity decreases (non-Newtonian and pseudoplastic behavior). At the same concentration, each thickener produces a different viscosity (p<0.05). Institutionalized elderly detected viscosity differences in nectar range of 49.9 (2.5) mPa·s (p<0.05) y 102.2 (4.7) mPa·s (p<0.0001). They also detected viscosity differences in honey texture range of 134.6 (9.7) mPa·s (p<0.05) y 199,3 (9,2) mPa·s (p<0.0001). Their caregivers also detected viscosity differences in both viscosity ranges (p<0.0001). Conclusions: Our results suggest that the accepted viscosity ranges for the different textures might be too wide because institutionalized elderly and their caregivers are able to discern small differences in viscosity in nectar and honey textures. Gum-based thickeners with different composition showed differences in viscosity capacity, so they are not interchangeable.
Artocarpesin Prevents Collagen Induced Platelet Aggregation and Clot Retraction Through Cyclic Nucleotides and Dephosphorylation of MAPKs&nbsp;&nbsp;
Authors: Shin Jung-Hae , Irfan Muhammad , Lee Yuan Yee , Rhee Man Hee , Kwon Hyuk-Woo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

The cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are becoming a critical threat to our lives in these years. It is now widely accepted that platelets play an important role in cardiovascular disease as they have a fundamental role in thrombosis. Therefore, many drugs or natural substances have been developed to treat CVDs. Cudrania tricuspidata (C. tricuspidata) is a regional plant containing various flavonoids and xanthones, and various physiological activities have been reported. Therefore, we evaluated antiplatelet effects using artocarpesin isolated from C. tricuspidata.
Methods

The in vitro effects of artocarpesin on platelets was assessed using measurement of calcium mobilization and serotonin release, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa activation, clot retraction and phosphorylation of signaling molecules.
Results

Artocarpesin inhibited human platelet aggregation, calcium mobilization, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa activation and thrombin-induced clot retraction through the regulation of associated signaling molecules such as vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) and inositol 1, 4, 5-triphosphate receptor I (IP3RI), and on the dephosphorylation of cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), mitogen-activated protein kinases p38, JNK and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt.
Conclusions

This study highlights that artocarpesin has inhibitory effects on platelet activities and thrombus formation and has potential value for preventing platelet-induced cardiovascular diseases.
Fascin-1 Is Highly Expressed Specifically in Microglia After Spinal Cord Injury and Regulates Microglial Migration
Authors: Yu Shuisheng , Cheng Li , Li Ziyu , Yao Fei , Luo Yang , Liu Yanchang , Zhu Zhenyu , Zheng Meige , Jing Juehua 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundRecent research indicates that after spinal cord injury (SCI), microglia accumulate at the borders of lesions between astrocytic and fibrotic scars and perform inflammation-limiting and neuroprotective functions; however, the mechanism of microglial migration remains unclear. Fascin-1 is a key actin-bundling protein that regulates cell migration, invasion and adhesion, but its role during SCI has not been reported. MethodsA mouse model of thoracic (T10) spinal cord compression injury was used. We employed Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry to assess expression levels of Fascin-1 protein and analyze cell localization of Fascin-1 after SCI. We employed Scratch assay and Transwell assay to evaluate the effect of Fascin-1 on the function of microglia in vitro. ResultsWe found that at 7-14 days after SCI in mice, Fascin-1 is significantly upregulated, mainly distributed around the lesion, and specifically expressed in CX3CR1-positive microglia. However, Fascin-1 is not expressed in GFAP-positive astrocytes, NeuN-positive neurons, NG2-positive cells, PDGFRβ-positive cells, or blood-derived Mac2-positive macrophages infiltrating into the lesion core. The expression of Fascin-1 is correspondingly decreased after microglia are specifically depleted in the injured spinal cord by the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibitor PLX5622. The upregulation of Fascin-1 expression is observed when microglia are activated by myelin debris in vitro, and microglial migration is prominently increased. The inhibition of Fascin-1 expression using small interfering RNA (siRNA) markedly suppresses the migration of microglia, but this effect can be reversed by treatment with myelin. The M1/M2 polarization of microglia does not affect the expression of Fascin-1. ConclusionsOur results suggest that Fascin-1 is highly expressed specifically in microglia after SCI and can play an important role in the migration of microglia and the formation of microglial scars. Hence, the elucidation of this mechanism will provide novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of SCI.
Anatomical Basis of the Support of Fibula to Tibial Plateau and Its Clinical Significance
Authors: Jiang Wen-Bin , Sun Shi-Zhu , Li Chan , Adds Philip , Wei Tang , Chen Wei , Yu Sheng-Bo , Sui Hong-Jin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPartial fibulectomy always was used to treat knee osteoarthritis. The settlement of the nonuniform proximal tibia plateau is clinically defined as the height of the medial tibial platform was lower than that of the lateral side in the medial compartment knee osteoarthritis (KOA). The reason for the unapparent is caused by fibular support on the lateral side. Orthopedic surgeons practiced partial fibulectomy based on the theory of nonuniform settlement, and the effect of reduce pain and improve function in patients with osteoarthritis was significant. However, this hypothesis of nonuniform settlement is still lacking an anatomical basis.MethodsThe P45 section technique was used to focus the distribution of the bone trabeculae on the tibial-fibular region.ResultsThe distribution of the bone trabeculae was uneven in the lateral condyle of the tibia and the head and neck of the fibula. The bone trabeculae with uneven distribution of tibia and fibula in space might form a triangle. The fibula and the posterolateral bone cortex of the shaft of the tibia united to form an arch beam via the tibiofibular joint. In the meantime, a lot of thick and dense trabeculae were present in a longitudinal direction on the tibiofibular arch.Conclusions﻿The fibula supports the lateral tibial plateau, but the trabeculae were concentrated on the tibiofibular arch.
Dietary grape seed tannin extract supplementation stimulated testis development, changed fatty acid profiles and increased antioxidant capacity in testis in Hu lambs in pre-puberty
Authors: Li Wanhong , Yao Rongyu , Xie Lixia , Liu Jiamei , Weng Xiuxiu , Yue Xiangpeng , Li Fadi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Grape seed tannin extract (GPE) that is from wine grape pomace has many effective anti-oxidative effects and is used as a promising natural feed additive in the animal feed industry. In this study, we investigated the effect of GPE as a source of tannin on the antioxidant capacity and testis development in Hu lamb.
Method:
Twenty-seven 3-month-old ram lambs were randomly assigned to three groups. Within each treatment group, nine lambs were allocated to nine pens (one lamb per pen). The lambs in the control group were fed a control diet without GPE for 61 days from D21 to D80. Group I (TAN1) was fed a 0.36% GPE diet. Group II (TAN2) was fed a 0.72% GPE diet. After 81-day feeding trial, all lambs except the heaviest and lightest in each group were humanely slaughtered and investigated.
Results
Feeding GPE did not affect the body weight, average daily gain, dry matter intake, scrotal circumference and testis index, whereas feeding 0.36% GPE diet increased testis weight, testis volume, and epididymis weight (P < 0.05) compared with the control. Cu-ZnSOD, P450scc, P450arom, FSHR, FADS2, ELOVL2 and PCNA mRNA in TAN1 and TAN2 groups were significantly up-regulated (P < 0.05). GPE also markedly increased antioxidant status of testis. Compared with the control group, GPE significantly increased the SOD activity (314.23 ± 18.64 U/mg prot in control, 505.22 ± 63.47 U/mg prot in TAN1 and 587.88 ± 55.94 U/mg prot in TAN2, P < 0.05), T-AOC (98.23 ± 18.99 U/g prot in control, 202.15 ± 34.19 U/g prot in TAN1 and 189.57 ± 18.95 U/g prot in TAN2, P < 0.05). GPE also increased NEFAs levels (158.36 ± 26.32 mmol/kg prot in control, 205.15 ± 14.51 mmol/kg prot in TNA1 and 250.06 ± 33.82 mmol/kg prot in TAN2 P = 0.08). But, consuming GPE downregulated testicular total cholesterol concentration (3.89 ± 0.57 mmol/kg prot in TAN1, 4.21 ± 1.04 mmol/kg prot in TAN2 and 7.20 ± 1.46 mmol/kg prot, P = 0.09). Consuming 0.72% GPE also changed fatty acid profiles in testis with increased C15:1, C22:6n3 and total n-3 fatty acids (P < 0.05). Therefore, feeding lambs with 0.72% GPE stimulated testis seminiferous tubule development, increased the number of Sertoli cells (10.56 ± 0.44 vs. 13.60 ± 0.42, P < 0.05), and seminiferous tubule diameter (146.56 ± 4.53 µm vs. 109.3 ± 4.56 µm, P < 0.05).
Conclusion
All these results suggested that feeding GPE in the early reproductive development stage of lambs upregulated the expression of antioxidative, steroidogenesis, and PUFA metabolism-related genes; changed the fatty acids profiles, increased the antioxidant capacity in lamb’s testis; and contributed to testis development and spermatogenesis.
PD-L1 upregulation is associated with activation of the DNA double-strand break repair pathway in patients with colitic cancer
Authors: Ozawa Naoya , Yokobori Takehiko , Osone Katsuya , Katayama Chika , Suga Kunihiko , Komine Chika , Shibasaki Yuta , Shiraishi Takuya , Okada Takuhisa , Kato Ryuji , Ogawa Hiroomi , Sano Akihiko , Sakai Makoto , Sohda Makoto , Ojima Hitoshi , Miyazaki Tatsuya , Motegi Yoko , Ide Munenori , Yao Takashi , Kuwano Hiroyuki , Shirabe Ken , Saeki Hiroshi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a DNA damage-associated chronic inflammatory disease; the DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair pathway participates in UC-associated dysplasia/colitic cancer carcinogenesis. The DSB/interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) pathway can induce PD-L1 expression transcriptionally. However, the association of PD-L1/DSB/IRF-1 with sporadic colorectal cancer (SCRC), and UC-associated dysplasia/colitic cancer, remains elusive. Therefore, we investigated the significance of the PD-L1/DSB repair pathway using samples from 17 SCRC and 12 UC patients with rare UC-associated dysplasia/colitic cancer cases by immunohistochemical analysis. We compared PD-L1 expression between patients with SCRC and UC-associated dysplasia/colitic cancer and determined the association between PD-L1 and the CD8+ T-cell/DSB/IRF-1 axis in UC-associated dysplasia/colitic cancer. PD-L1 expression in UC and UC-associated dysplasia/colitic cancer was higher than in normal mucosa or SCRC, and in CD8-positive T lymphocytes in UC-associated dysplasia/colitic cancer than in SCRC. Moreover, PD-L1 upregulation was associated with γH2AX (DSB marker) and IRF-1 upregulation in UC-associated dysplasia/colitic cancer. IRF-1 upregulation was associated with γH2AX upregulation in UC-associated dysplasia/colitic cancer but not in SCRC. Multicolour immunofluorescence staining validated γH2AX/IRF-1/PD-L1 co-expression in colitic cancer tissue sections. Thus, immune cell-induced inflammation might activate the DSB/IRF-1 axis, potentially serving as the primary regulatory mechanism of PD-L1 expression in UC-associated carcinogenesis.
Influence of the Semiconductive Composites Doped with Li4Ti5O12 on Space Charge Implantation in LDPE
Authors: Yin Hongxia , Zhao Shiyi , Hao Chuncheng , Lei Qingquan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Space charge accumulation in the insulating layers of high-voltage directed current (HVDC) cables is the key factor that leads to their degradation and limits the operation safety. Hence, it is necessary to effectively inhibit carrier implantation to these layers. In this study, a new method is proposed to suppress the charge implantation to the cable insulation layer, a certain amount of Li4Ti5O12 nanopowder is doped in the semiconductive screen to enhance the internal conductive network and homogenize the electric field. The influences of Li4Ti5O12 particles in the semiconductive composite screen on the positive temperature coefficient effect and space charge injection process are explored. The obtained results reveal that the charge quantity in the insulation layer corresponding to the minimum peak resistivity is reduced by 49.7%, 58.9%, and 46.9% after the polarization at a Li4Ti5O12 content of 4 wt.% and electric field strengths of 10, 20, and 30 kV/mm, respectively.
W27 IgA suppresses growth of Escherichia in an in vitro model of the human intestinal microbiota
Authors: Sasaki Kengo , Mori Tomoyuki , Hoshi Namiko , Sasaki Daisuke , Inoue Jun , Shinkura Reiko , Kondo Akihiko 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
W27 monoclonal immunoglobulin A (IgA) suppresses pathogenic Escherichia coli cell growth; however its effect on the human intestine remains unclear. We thus aimed to determine how W27 IgA affects the human colonic microbiota using the in vitro microbiota model. This model was established using fecal samples collected from 12 healthy volunteers; after anaerobic cultivation, each model was found to retain the genera found in the original human fecal samples. After pre-incubating W27 IgA with the respective fecal sample in aerobic condition, the mixture of W27 IgA (final concentration, 0.5 µg/mL) and each fecal sample was added to the in vitro microbiota model and cultured under anaerobic condition,. Next-generation sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene revealed that W27 IgA addition significantly decreased the relative abundance of bacteria related to the genus Escherichia in the model. Additionally, at a final concentration of 5 µg/mL, W27 IgA delayed growth in pure culture of Escherichia coli isolated from human fecal samples. Our study thus revealed the suppressive effect of W27 IgA on the genus Escherichia at relatively low-concentrations and the usefulness of an in vitro microbiota model to evaluate the effect of IgA as a gut microbiota regulator.
Understanding The Role Of Oxidative Stress In The Incidence Of Metabolic Syndrome And Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: KARGAR Behnam , ZAMANIAN Zahra , HOSSEINABADI Majid Bagheri , Gharibi Vahid , MORADI Mohammad Sanyar , COUSINS Rosanna 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Understanding the causes and risk factors of metabolic syndrome is important for promoting population health. Oxidative stress has been associated with metabolic syndrome, and also obstructive sleep apnea. These are two diseases which have common prognostic characteristics for heart disease. The aim of this study was to examine the role of oxidative stress in the concurrent presence of metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea in a working population. Methods: Participants were 163 artisan bakers in Shahroud, Iran, routinely exposed to oxidative stress indicators on a daily basis as part of their work. Using a cross-sectional design, data relevant to determining metabolic syndrome status according to International Diabetes Federation criteria, and the presence of obstructive sleep apnea according to the STOP-Bang score, was collected. Analyses included hierarchical binary logistic regression to yield predictors of the two diseases. Results: Logistic regression showed that oxidative stress – alongside obesity, no regular exercise, and smoking – was an independent predictor of metabolic syndrome, but not obstructive sleep apnea. Participants who were obese were 28 times more likely to have metabolic syndrome (OR 28.59, 95% CI 4.91-63.02) and 44 times more likely to have obstructive sleep apnea (OR 44.48, 95% CI 4.91-403.28). Participants meeting metabolic syndrome criteria had significantly higher levels of malondialdehyde (p < 0.05) than those who did not. No difference in oxidative stress index levels were found according to obstructive sleep apnea status. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that oxidative stress contributes to the onset of metabolic syndrome, and that obstructive sleep apnea is involved in oxidative stress. Whilst obesity, exercise, and smoking remain important targets for reducing the incidence of metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea, policies to control risks of prolonged exposure to oxidative stress are also relevant in occupations where such environmental conditions exist.