bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Kinabalu Recorder, a new passive acoustic and environmental monitoring recorder
Authors: Karlsson Eva Catharina M. , Tay Harold , Imbun Paul , Hughes Alice C. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

New low‐cost options to long‐term acoustic monitoring in terrestrial ecology are becoming increasingly available. However, integration of acoustic stations with sensors for logging of additional data, such as temperature and barometric pressure is rare. Separate environmental loggers often come at a cost of >US$100 whereas the same sensors for use with microprocessors come at a cost between US$ 1–15. The cost savings integration entails as well as the crucial need for the recording of some of these variables in acoustic studies mean that this is an important development avenue.

Overcoming these issues is important to enable insights into the long‐term dynamics of ecological systems and how they respond to changes in the environment at varying temporal scales and is especially important for studies involving species that are heavily influenced by microclimate.

Here we present a hardware system for both acoustic and environmental data logging where the board design is released under a creative commons license. The system has been field tested in a tropical setting and is called the Kinabalu Recorder. The presented configuration came at a cost of <US$100 per station. This cost is for professional manufacture and assembly of the boards, temperature and barometric sensor, two batteries, waterproof housing and two 64 GB micro SD cards.

The system has been extensively tested in a tropical setting along an altitude gradient and with over 1.3 TB of data (>2,000 hr of data with over 10 months in the field) presents a robust solution to long‐term acoustic monitoring integrated with environmental data sensors.

Work on hardware and software systems is an important part of the technological development of field biology as it allows greater flexibility in terms of cost and configuration of systems whilst promoting cross‐field collaboration and information flow.
BatRack: An open‐source multi‐sensor device for wildlife research
Authors: Gottwald Jannis , Lampe Patrick , Höchst Jonas , Friess Nicolas , Maier Julia , Leister Lea , Neumann Betty , Richter Tobias , Freisleben Bernd , Nauss Thomas 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Bats represent a highly diverse group of mammals and are essential for ecosystem functioning. However, knowledge about their behaviour, ecology and conservation status is limited. Direct observation of marked individuals (commonly applied to birds) is not possible for bats due to their small size, rapid movement and nocturnal lifestyle, while neither popular observation methods such as camera traps nor conventional tracking technologies sufficiently capture the behaviour of individuals. The combination and networking of different sensors in a single system can overcome these limitations, but this potential has been explored only to a limited extent.

We present BatRack, a multi‐sensor device that combines ultrasonic audio recordings, automatic radio telemetry and video camera recordings in a single modular unit. BatRack facilitates the individual or combined scheduling of sensors and includes a mutual triggering mode. It consists of off‐the‐shelf hardware and both its hardware blueprints and the required software have been published under an open license to allow scientists and practitioners to replicate the system.

We tested the suitability of radio telemetry and audio sensors as camera triggers and evaluated the detection of individuals in video recordings compared to radio telemetry signals. Specifically, BatRack was used to monitor the individual swarming behaviour of six members of a maternity colony of Bechstein's bat. Preliminary anecdotal results indicate that swarming intensity is related to reproductive state and roost switching.

BatRack allows researchers to recognize individual bats and monitor their behavioural patterns using an easily deployed and scalable system. BatRack is thus a promising approach to obtaining detailed insights into the behavioural ecology of bats.
Weeding out the truth: a systematic review and meta‐analysis on the transition from cannabis use to opioid use and opioid use disorders, abuse or dependence
Authors: Wilson Jack , Mills Katherine , Freeman Tom P. , Sunderland Matthew , Visontay Rachel , Marel Christina 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsThe idea that cannabis is a ‘gateway drug’ to more harmful substances such as opioids is highly controversial, yet has substantially impacted policy, education and how we conceptualize substance use. Given a rise in access to cannabis products and opioid‐related harm, the current study aimed to conduct the first systematic review and meta‐analysis on the likelihood of transitioning from cannabis use to subsequent first‐time opioid use, opioid use disorders (OUD), dependence or abuse.MethodsFollowing Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, pubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, PsychINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Informit Health Collection were searched for full‐text articles assessing the likelihood of transitioning from cannabis to subsequent opioid use, and from opioid use to OUD, abuse or dependence given prior cannabis use. Analysis of subpopulations within studies were discussed narratively, and E‐values were calculated to assess the potential influence of unmeasured confounding.FindingsSix studies provided relevant data from the United States, Australia and New Zealand between 1977 and 2017, a total sample of 102 461 participants. Random‐effects analysis of the adjusted pooled effect size indicates that the likelihood of transitioning from cannabis to opioid use, relative to non‐cannabis users, is odds ratio (OR) = 2.76, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.26–3.36, whereas the likelihood of transitioning from opioid use to OUD, abuse or dependence given prior cannabis use is OR = 2.52, 95% CI = 1.65–3.84. While the evidence was determined to be of low quality with moderate risk of bias, E‐values suggest that these findings are robust against unmeasured confounding.ConclusionA systematic review and meta‐analysis found that while people who use cannabis are disproportionately more likely to initiate opioid use and engage in problematic patterns of use than people who do not use cannabis, the low quality of the evidence must be considered when interpreting these findings.
SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies started to decline just four months after COVID‐19 infection in a paediatric population
Authors: Breuer Adin , Raphael Allon , Stern Hagay , Odeh Ma'aran , Fiszlinski Judith , Algur Nurit , Magen Sophie , Megged Orli , Schlesinger Yechiel , Barak‐Corren Yuval , Heiman Eyal 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimWe evaluated the prevalence of paediatric severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infections using antibody testing and characterised antibody titres by time from exposure.MethodsThis was a single‐centre, prospective, cross‐sectional cohort study. Patients under 18 years old were eligible to participate if they attended the paediatric emergency department at the tertiary Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel, from 18 October 2020 to 12 January 2021 and required blood tests or intravenous access. SARS‐CoV‐2 seropositivity and antibody levels were tested by a dual‐assay model.ResultsThe study comprised 1138 patients (56% male) with a mean age of 4.4 years (interquartile range 1.3–11.3). Anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies were found in 10% of the patients. Seropositivity increased with age and 41% of seropositive patients had no known exposure. Children under 6 years of age had higher initial antibody levels than older children, followed by a steeper decline. The seropositivity rate did not vary during the study, despite schools re‐opening. The findings suggest that children's immunity may start falling 4 months after the initial infection.ConclusionImmunity started falling after just 4 months, and re‐opening schools did not affect infection rates. These findings could aid decisions about vaccinating paediatric populations and school closures.
Was it necessary to change the therapeutic range of topiramate?
Authors: Koristkova Blanka , Grundmann Milan , Brozmanova Hana , Kacirova Ivana 
Published: July 2021

AimsThe Norwegian Association for Clinical Pharmacology in their National Guidelines decreased the therapeutic range (TR) of topiramate (TPM) from 5–20 mg/L to 2–10 mg/L. The objective of this study is to ascertain which TR produces better clinical outcomes.MethodsThe data sources were request forms for routine therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of TPM. Concentration dependent adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were evaluated in 1721 samples taken pre‐dose. Seizure frequency analysis was performed in 294 samples of monotherapy. Statistical analysis was performed using Prism 5.0, GraphPad Instatt: One‐way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction for median plasma level (PL) and χ2‐test with Bonferroni correction for seizure frequency and for distribution of PL according to TR 5–20 mg/L and intervals <2, 2–5, 5–10, 10–20, >20 mg/L.ResultsBetter seizure control was found in children both in the whole cohort (without seizure 49% vs 37% adults), as well as in monotherapy (56% vs 44%), in children with PL 5–20 mg/L vs <5 mg/L (65% vs 44%) and in children with PL 5–10 mg/L vs <2 mg/L (63 vs 14%). PL in seizure‐free patients did not differ from those with seizure. Seizure control was poorer in the period 2003–2005 compared to 2006–2011. ADRs reported in 38 samples (2.8%) were not related to PL.ConclusionsChange of TR is not recommended.
Factors leading to satisfaction with counseling for Labor after Cesarean among Latina women in the United States
Authors: Williams Alyxandra C. , Martinez Liliana I. , Garrison Andrew , Frost Caren J. , Gren Lisa H. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundCesarean birth, especially repeat cesarean, is associated with significantly higher morbidity than vaginal birth. Appropriately counseling women who are candidates for labor after cesarean (LAC) has the potential to confer significant health benefits for women. Little guidance exists about optimal counseling techniques, especially for Latina women. The aim of this study was to evaluate satisfaction among Latinas about how LAC counseling is performed, specifically as it relates to shared decision making.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative study of pregnant women at several clinics in a Federally Qualified Health Center system in Utah. We interviewed eleven Latina women about satisfaction with recent LAC counseling with a specific aim of obtaining rich, personal narratives rather than reaching data saturation. A codebook representing the most common themes was developed.ResultsThree major themes emerged related to LAC counseling including influences on satisfaction, influences on the birth decision process, and preferences surrounding method and timing of counseling. Women experienced greater satisfaction from providers who used jargon‐free communication, were perceived as trustworthy, cared about her experiences, and empowered her to make an informed decision. Women's decisions were influenced by prior birth experiences, desire for a safe delivery and easy recovery, and future family planning.ConclusionsUnderstanding the aspects of LAC counseling that are most meaningful for Latina women can promote effective communication between patient and provider and improve patient satisfaction. Globally, our findings highlight the importance of evaluating the experiences and preferences of minority groups; majority populations cannot be assumed to speak for minority populations.
An overview of 25 years of research on digital personalised learning in primary and secondary education: A systematic review of conceptual and methodological trends
Authors: Van Schoors Rani , Elen Jan , Raes Annelies , Depaepe Fien 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDue to the increasing digitisation, interest in digital personalised learning (DPL) continues to grow. Many empirical studies on the effect of adaptive tools have used a wide variety of conceptualisations and operationalisations of DPL. This systematic review aims to address the lack of consensus by presenting an analysis of empirical studies on technology for DPL in primary and secondary education. The work is guided by the following questions: (1) What are some different conceptualisations used in DPL research? (2) What types of tools are used in the studies and how are they implemented? (3) What is the current evidence on the impact of DPL with regard to student outcomes considering the nature of the current studies? A Boolean search string was used in the databases Web of Science and ERIC, resulting in a dataset containing 6,908 papers. A screening based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria yielded 53 papers. Our findings revealed a great diversity in DPL conceptualisations, with several authors not defining the concept and others providing information regarding different elements such as technology, personalisation, personalisation target, personalisation source, personalisation method and personalisation outcomes. In line with these differences in conceptualisation of DPL, several DPL tools were used across the studies. Concerning the impact of DPL, a positive trend was observed on learning outcomes, although methodological differences need to be considered. The review ends with guidelines for future research.
Practitioner notesWhat is already known

There are many definitions and terms concerning DPL, resulting in a lack of consensus in conceptualisation.
There is a wide variety of DPL tools with different adaptive dimensions.
Many authors emphasise the benefits of DPL in educational practice including a possible impact on learning gains.
What this paper adds

Contribution to a thorough understanding of the conceptualisation of DPL.
Insights into the diversity in DPL tools building on a framework of adaptivity by Vandewaetere and Clarebout (2014) and adds focus on tool implementation as a context element.
Insight into the impact of DPL taking into account study design and outcome indicators.
Implications for practice and/or policy

An overview of the affordances of DPL to educational researchers, educational policy makers, and teachers is provided that can encourage them to think about its opportunities for everyday practice.
Concrete suggestions for future research are discussed.
Preparation, structure, and properties of tea polysaccharide
Authors: Fan Yumin , Zhou Xiaofeng , Huang Gangliang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTea polysaccharide is a kind of acid glycoprotein complex extracted from tea. Tea polysaccharide has a variety of biological activities, especially the hypoglycemic effect is outstanding. It is good for human health. Tea polysaccharides have been extensively studied over the past few decades. The advantages and disadvantages of water extraction, enzyme‐assisted extraction, ultrasonic‐assisted extraction, microwave‐assisted extraction, and supercritical fluid extraction were described. At the same time, the structure and biological activity of tea polysaccharide were also summarized. The development of tea polysaccharide was prospected.
Cell‐penetrating peptide conjugates of indole‐3‐acetic acid‐based DNA primase/Gyrase inhibitors as potent anti‐tubercular agents against planktonic and biofilm culture of Mycobacterium smegmatis
Authors: Dewangan Rikeshwer Prasad , Singh Meenakshi , Ilic Stefan , Tam Benjamin , Akabayov Barak 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is a pathogenic bacterium that caused 1.5 million fatalities globally in 2018. New strains of Mtb resistant to all known classes of antibiotics pose a global healthcare problem. In this work, we have conjugated novel indole‐3‐acetic acid‐based DNA primase/gyrase inhibitor with cell‐penetrating peptide via cleavable and non‐cleavable bonds. For non‐cleavable linkage, inhibitor was conjugated with peptide via an amide bond to the N‐terminus, whereas a cleavable linkage was obtained by conjugating the inhibitor through a disulfide bond. We performed the conjugation of the inhibitor either directly on a solid surface or by using solution‐phase chemistry. M. smegmatis (non‐pathogenic model of Mtb) was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the synthetic conjugates. Conjugates were found more active as compared to free inhibitor molecules. Strikingly, the conjugate also impairs the development of biofilm, showing a therapeutic potential against infections caused by both planktonic and sessile forms of mycobacterium species.
Hypertriglyceridemia‐induced pancreatitis treated with continuous insulin infusion—Case series
Authors: Marić Nikolina , Mačković Maja , Bakula Miro , Mucić Katarina , Udiljak Nikola , Marušić Marinko 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveThere are no definitive treatment guidelines for hypertriglyceridemia (HTG)‐induced acute pancreatitis (AP). The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the efficacy of insulin in decreasing triglyceride (TG) levels in patients with HTG‐induced AP.DesignWe included 17 cases of HTG‐induced AP treated with continuous insulin aspart for 4 days.PatientsFifteen patients were male, two were female. The mean TG level at admission was 56.53 ± 25.29 mmol/L. The mean APACHE II score was 10.2 ± 5.7, Ranson 4.2 ± 1.7 and Balthazar 6.5 ± 2.6, implying a severe form of the disease.MethodsIn an 8‐year period, 17 patients with a diagnosis of HTG‐induced AP were treated with a continuous infusion of 5% dextrose and insulin aspart in an attempt to lower TG levels. TG levels were assessed on admission, the second and fourth day of therapy. The patient outcome, complications and recurrence of AP were monitored.ResultsA significant reduction of TG levels was observed in all patients on Day 4. All patients survived, with one forming a giant pseudocyst as a disease complication, one needing haemodialyses treatment due to an acute kidney injury, and one developing acute respiratory distress syndrome that required mechanical ventilation for 4 days. All patients recovered completely.ConclusionOur study showed that continuous insulin aspart infusion decreases TG levels in HTG‐induced AP from a mean TG level of 56.53 mmol/L on Day 1 to 21.75 mmol/L on Day 2 and finally to 6.86 mmol/L on Day 4. We consider this therapy very efficient, safe, simple to administer and monitor.
An analytic BRDF for materials with spherical Lambertian scatterers
Authors: d'Eon Eugene 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe present a new analytic BRDF for porous materials comprised of spherical Lambertian scatterers. The BRDF has a single parameter: the albedo of the Lambertian particles. The resulting appearance exhibits strong back scattering and saturation effects that height‐field‐based models such as Oren‐Nayar cannot reproduce.
A combined scattering and diffraction model for elliptical hair rendering
Authors: Benamira Alexis , Pattanaik Sumanta 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRealistic hair rendering relies on fiber scattering models. These models are based on either ray tracing or on full wave‐propagation through the hair fiber. Ray tracing can model most of the scattering phenomenon observed but misses the important effect of diffraction. Indeed human natural hair specific dimensions and geometry demands for the wave nature of light to be taken into consideration for accurate rendering. However, current full‐wave model requires nonpratical, several days precomputation, that needs to be repeated for every change in the hair geometry or color, for appropriate results. We present in this paper a dual hair scattering model which considers the dual aspect of light: as a wave and as a ray. Our model accurately simulates both diffraction and scattering phenomena without requiring any precomputation. Furthermore, it can simulate light transport in hairs of arbitrary elliptical cross‐sections. This new dual approach enables our model to significantly improve the appearance of rendered hair and qualitatively match scattering and diffraction effects seen in photos of real hair while adding little computation overhead.
Prices for a second‐generation biofuel industry in Canada: Market linkages between Canadian wheat and US energy and agricultural commodities
Authors: McKnight Curtis , Qiu Feng , Luckert Marty , Hauer Grant 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe production of biofuels is limited in Canada, but the availability of wheat straw as a second‐generation (i.e., cellulosic) feedstock is an exciting prospect for the future development of a biofuel industry. The future success of such a biofuel industry will depend on future ethanol prices and prices related to wheat straw. These prices are likely to be influenced by markets related to the existing first‐generation ethanol industry in the United States. Therefore, the motivation of this paper is to investigate relationships between Canadian wheat prices and US corn, ethanol, and gasoline prices. We employ a DCC‐MGARCH enhanced VEC model to investigate time‐varying relationships among these markets. Results indicate that there are positive relationships between wheat and corn, ethanol and corn, and wheat and ethanol markets. Our results add to a better understanding of the level of integration between select Canadian agricultural markets and US energy markets. More specifically, the price relationships identified highlight several sources of price risk that may affect the financial success of commercially producing second‐generation ethanol from wheat straw in Canada. This information will be of particular interest to prospective industry investors and policymakers.
A novel bowel rehabilitation programme after total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer: the BOREAL pilot study
Authors: Harji Deena , Fernandez Benjamin , Boissieras Lara , Berger Arthur , Capdepont Maylis , Zerbib Frank , Rullier Eric , Denost Quentin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimLow anterior resection syndrome (LARS) following sphincter‐preserving surgery for rectal cancer has a high prevalence, with an impact on long‐term bowel dysfunction and quality of life. We designed the bowel rehabilitation programme (BOREAL) as a proactive strategy to assess and treat patients with LARS. The BOREAL programme consists of a stepwise approach of escalating treatments: medical management (steps 0–1), pelvic floor physiotherapy, biofeedback and transanal irrigation (step 2), sacral nerve neuromodulation (step 3), percutaneous endoscopic caecostomy and anterograde enema (step 4) and definitive colostomy (step 5).MethodsA pilot study was undertaken to assess the feasibility of collecting LARS data routinely with the parallel implementation of the BOREAL programme. All patients who underwent total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer between February 2017 and March 2019 were included. LARS was assessed using the LARS score and the Wexner Faecal Incontinence score at 30 days and 3, 6, 9 and 12 months postoperatively. A good functional result was considered to be a combined LARS score <20 and/or a Wexner score <4.ResultsIn all, 137 patients were included. Overall compliance with the BOREAL programme was 72.9%. Major LARS decreased from 48% at 30 days postoperatively to 12% at 12 months, with a concomitant improvement in overall good function from 33% to 77%, P < 0.001. The majority of patients (n = 106, 77%) required medical management of their LARS.ConclusionThe BOREAL programme demonstrates the acceptability, feasibility and effectiveness of implementing a responsive, stepwise programme for detecting and treating LARS.