bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Ahmedhussain Huda Khalid , Khayyat Waleed W. , Aldhahwani Bashaer M. , Aljuwaybiri Abdullah Omar , Badeeb Nooran Osama , Khan Muhammad Anwar , Al-Qurashi Mansour Abdullah , Almarzouki Hashem S. 
Published: February 2021

Purpose:
This study aims to estimate the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and investigate its perinatal and neonatal risk factors in a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Methodology:
This was a retrospective cohort study of premature infants admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit at a tertiary hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from January 2016 to December 2017. Participants who met the screening criteria for ROP were included and followed up until spontaneous recovery or laser treatment.

Results:
A total of 119 infants screened, the incidence of ROP was 21.8% (26/119). A plus disease was diagnosed in 15.4% (4/26) of the ROP infants. For most, 80.7% (21/26) of the ROP regressed spontaneously, and 19.2% (5/26) required a laser intervention. The mean gestational age (GA) of infants diagnosed with ROP was 25.62 ± 1.58 weeks and the median birth weight (BW) 750 (interquartile range: 280) g. Lower GA, lower BW, prolonged oxygen therapy, and mechanical ventilation (MV) were significantly related to ROP disease and severity. Requiring resuscitation at birth, a lower Apgar score at 1-min, poor weight gain proportion at 6 weeks, and requiring a blood transfusion were significantly associated with ROP disease.

Conclusion:
Compared to other local studies, the incidence of ROP was lower in our population. Lower GA, low BW, prolonged oxygen therapy and MV, and poor weight gain at 6 weeks are well-documented risk factors. We recommend close monitoring of weight gain and oxygen therapy and modifying risk factors in preterm infants to lower the incidence and the severity of ROP.
Comparison of Perfusion Index and Echocardiographic Parameters in Preterm Infants with Hemodynamically Significant Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Authors: Buyukeren Melek , Yiğit Şule , Aykan Hayrettin Hakan , Karagöz Tevfik , Çelik Hasan Togla , Yurdakök Murat 
Published: February 2021

Background/Aim:
The aim of the study was to compare echocardiographic parameters and the perfusion index (PI) and plethysmographic variability index (PVI) values obtained by routine pulse oximetry in the diagnosis of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA).

Materials and Methods:
This prospective study was conducted between 2016 and 2017 at the HacettepeUniversity Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. The study included premature neonates who had a birth weight below 1500 g. Patients were routinely monitored from the right wrist and right foot using a pulse oximeter (Masimo Radical-7® Pulse CO-Oximetry), and PI and PVI values were recorded. The difference between right-hand and right-leg PI values was calculated as the delta PI (ΔPI). A cardiologist blinded to the results evaluated the presence of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with echocardiography on postnatal days 1th, 3rd, and 7th.

Results:
Of the 66 preterm neonates included in the study, 23 had hsPDA. On postnatal day 1, the hsPDA group had a significantly greater ductal diameter, PDA/left pulmonary artery (LPA) ratio, and left ventricle (LA)/aortic (Ao) ratio (P < 0.05). On day 7, the hsPDA group had a significantly higher ductal velocity, PDA/LPA ratio, LA/Ao ratio, antegrade PA and LPA diastolic flow, and LV/Ao ratio (P < 0.05). In hsPDA group, the median ΔPI values were 0.85 (25–75 interquartile range [IQR]; 0.62–1.15) on day 1; 1.03 (25–75 IQR; 0.85–1.26) on day 3; and 0.89 (25–75 IQR; 0.64–1.22) on day 7. The median (25–75 IQR) ΔPI values were higher in the hsPDA group than in the non-hsPDA group on postnatal days 1, 3, and 7 (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P < 0.001, respectively). The ΔPI cutoff values for the diagnosis of hsPDA were 0.47 on day 1 (91.3% specificity; 90.5% sensitivity), 0.41 on day 3 (100% specificity; 97.3% sensitivity), and 0.47 on day 7 (90% specificity; 100% sensitivity).

Conclusions:
Our study shows that the difference between PI values (ΔPI) in the right hand and right leg obtained by pulse oximetry has diagnostic value in hsPDA and can assist diagnosis when echocardiography is not available.
Tyrosine Hydroxylase-Immunopositive Cells and Melanin in the Mesencephalon of Yugan Black-Bone Fowl
Authors: Chu Meng , Liu Yangquan , Si Yu , Yu Hang , Ye Yaqiong , Zhao Haiquan , Zhang Hui 
Published: February 2021

Background:
The Yugan blackbone fowl (YBF) is a special poultry with hyperpigmentation in various organs, including feather. However, the mechanism of hyperpigmentation is limited, and the melanic information of other organs except skin is rare.

Aims and Objectives:
In this study, we attempt to get an insight of the mechanism of melanogenesis of birds.

Materials and Methods:
The mesencephalon of YBF was observed by light microscopy with hematoxylineosin and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemistry.

Results:
The TH immunopositive cells were found in the mesencephalon. Moreover, the melanin was also observed in the connective tissue of the mesencephalon.

Conclusion:
Our results confirmed the existence of melanin andTH immunopositive cells in the mesencephalon of YBF. These results provide a reference for further study on the mechanism of melanogenesis/hyperpigmentation in birds.
Role of Direct Immunofluorescence Microscopy in Spectrum of Diffuse Proliferative Glomerulonephritis
Authors: Jain Sonal , Chauhan Shivangi , Dixit Sonali , Garg Neha , Sharma Sonal 
Published: February 2021

Introduction:
Immunofluorescence (IF) microscopy is an essential tool for the analysis of glomerular diseases. In this study, we studied the significance of the IF technique together with light microscopy (LM) and clinical details in the diagnosis of different types of diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis (GN). We intended to evaluate the spectrum of Diffuse Proliferative Glomerulonephritis (DPGN) in our institute.

Materials and Methods:
We evaluated a total of 95 kidney biopsies received in the past 10 years. All biopsies were scrutinized by LM and IF techniques. Clinical details were documented in a predesigned form.

Results:
The predominant clinical presentation in this study was nephrotic syndrome (49.4%) followed by systemic lupus erythromatosus with suspected renal involvement (24.2%). On microscopy, lupus nephritis (LN) was the most common DPGN in the study (35.7%), followed by immunoglobulin (Ig) A nephropathy (25.2%) and postinfectious GN (PIGN) (16.8%). The majority of patients were in the <30 years age group (72.6%), with the average age of patients being 24.4 years. The dominant deposit on IF in LN was C3 and IgG (100%). A high deposit of IgA (100%) in IgA nephropathy and of IgG and C3 (100%) in membranoproliferative GN was seen. PIGN showed dominant positive staining of IgG (92.8%).

Conclusion:
The predominant clinical presentation was of nephrotic syndrome and on LM LN was the most commonly diagnosed DPGN in this study. Direct IF is vital for classifying DPGN, followed by electron microscopy, which is an essential tool. This article describes a rational evaluation of kidney biopsies with DPGN pattern on LM in a way that guides toward the logical assessment to reach the diagnosis. Using the IF technique and comparing it with LM and clinical details, we evaluated the spectrum DPGN in our center.
Effects of different urodynamic characteristics on therapeutic outcomes of overactive bladder medication in a real-life clinical practice
Authors: Wang Hsiu-Jen , Kuo Hann-Chorng 
Published: February 2021

Objective:
This study retrospectively investigated the influence of urodynamic parameters and patient characteristics on success rates among patients with overactive bladder (OAB) and urodynamic detrusor overactivity (DO).

Materials and Methods:
Consecutive patients with OAB and urodynamic DO initially received solifenacin, mirabegron, or combination of both for 1–3 months. If failed, patients were switched to another OAB medication subtype or provided additional OAB medication for a total of 6 months. A successful treatment was defined as an improvement in urgency severity and a global response assessment of ≥1. Success rates after initial or modulated OAB medication were analyzed based on patient and urodynamic characteristics.

Results:
A total of 453 patients were enrolled, among whom 144, 255, and 54 received solifenacin, mirabegron, and combined medications, respectively. Among the patients, 259 (57.2%) had OAB dry and 194 (42.8%) had OAB wet. Patients receiving mirabegron alone had a significantly higher initial medication success rate compared to that of others. Patients with a phasic DO (50.7%), bladder outlet obstruction (BOO, 52.5%), and no central nervous system (CNS) lesions (47.5%) exhibited higher success rates than those with a terminal DO (42.0%), no BOO (42.7%), and CNS lesions (31.6%), respectively. After switching or modulating the initial OAB medication following treatment failure, 115 (62.2%) of 185 patients still showed improvement in OAB symptoms, with an overall success rate of 70.2% after 6 months of treatment.

Conclusion:
Initial solifenacin or mirabegron treatment had a success rate of around 50%. In general, patients with a phasic DO, urodynamic BOO, and no CNS lesions have higher success rates than those with a terminal DO, no BOO, and CNS lesions, respectively. Success rates can further be improved by switching or modulating OAB medication.
Caractéristique structurale des zones marécageuses de la forêt de la Tanoé-Ehy (Sud-Est de la Côte d’Ivoire)
Authors: Missa Koffi , Seguena Fofana , Soro Dramane , Bakayoko Adama 
Published: February 2021

Cette étude vise à dégager les différents états de dégradation de la végétation au sein de la forêt marécageuse de la Tanoe-Ehy, à travers 4 relevés linéaires de 100 mètres de long. L’analyse de ces relevés a montré qu’au niveau des types biologiques, l’espèce Combretum racemosum P. Beauv. (Combretaceae) représente l’essentielle des espèces lianescentes. Dans cette forêt, parmi les espèces qui contribuent fortement à la formation de la végétation, il y a la présence des espèces vulnérables de l’UICN. Concernant les recouvrements, les strates basses sont faiblement occupées. Cependant, la végétation est dense dans les strates moyennes. Ces recouvrements ont montré que la dégradation de la structure des milieux est une conséquence de l’exploitation villageoise. Par ailleurs, cette forêt marécageuse présente des recouvrements particuliers qui n’ont jamais été observés en forêt dense humide de Côte d’Ivoire.Mots clés : Structure, végétation, forêt, marécageuse, types biologiques, recouvrements.
Englsih Title: Structural Characteristic of the marshy areas of the Tanoé-Ehy forest (Southeastern Côte d'Ivoire)
This study aims to identify the different state of vegetation degradation within the Tanoe-Ehy swamp forest, through 4 linear surveys 100 meters long. Analysis of these surveys showed that at the level of biological types, the species Combretum racemosum P. Beauv. (Combretaceae) is the essential of lianescent species. In this forest, among the species that contribute heavily to vegetation formation, there is the presence of vulnerable IUCN species. For overlays, the lower strata are poorly occupied. However, vegetation is dense in the middle strata. These recoveries have shown that the degradation of the structure of the environments is a consequence of village exploitation. In addition, this swamp forest has special overlays that have never been seen in the dense rainforest of Côte d'Ivoire.
Keywords: Structure, vegetation, forest, swampy, biological types, recoveries.
Plantes médicinales de l’Afrique de l’Ouest pour la prise en charge des affections respiratoires pouvant se manifester au cours de la Covid-19
Authors: Haidara Mahamane , Diarra Mamadou Lamine , Doumbia Sékou , Denou Adama , Dembele Daouda , Diarra Birama , Sanogo Rokia 
Published: February 2021

Dans le cadre de contribuer à la prise en charge symptomatique des affections respiratoires pouvant se manifester pendant la Covid-19, la présente étude a été entreprise pour recenser les plantes médicinales Africaines actives contre ces manifestations. Une étude bibliographique a été effectuée pour recenser les espèces végétales utilisées dans la prise en charge des maladies respiratoires en Afrique de l’Ouest. La fréquence de citation et un score de convergence d’usage des espèces ont été également calculés. Un total de 318 recettes issues de 145 espèces végétales a été inventorié à travers différentes publications. Guiera senegalensis, Sterculia setigera, Bridelia ferruginea, Euphorbia hirta et Terminalia avicennioides étaient les plantes les plus citées avec les meilleurs scores de convergence d’usage. Les feuilles de ces espèces étaient les plus citées tandis que la toux était la plus indiquée. Les résultats de cette étude pourraient servir de base de données des espèces végétales utilisées dans la prise en charge des maladies du tractus respiratoire en Afrique de l’ouest.Mots clés : Plantes médicinales, Affections respiratoires, Covid-19, Afrique de l’Ouest.
English Title: Medicinal plants from West Africa for the management of respiratory diseases that may appear during the Covid-19
As part of contributing to the symptomatic management of respiratory conditions that may manifest during Covid-19, the current study was undertaken to identify African medicinal plants active against these manifestations. A bibliographic study was carried out to identify the plant species used in the management of respiratory diseases in West Africa. The frequency of citation and a convergence score for the use of the species were also calculated. A total of 318 recipes from 145 plant species were inventoried through various publications. Guiera senegalensis, Sterculia setigera, Bridelia ferruginea, Euphorbia hirta and Terminalia avicennioides were the most cited plants with the best usage convergence scores. Leaves from these species were most cited while the cough was more indicated. The results of this study could serve as a database of plant species used in the management of respiratory tract diseases in West Africa.Keywords: Medicinal plants, Respiratory Affections, Covid-19, West Africa.
Characteristics of natural rubber – carbonized pawpaw seed composites
Authors: Osabohien Emmanuel , Soya Ufuoma , Ojeifo Nduka Obichukwu 
Published: February 2021

The search for eco-friendly and less expensive fillers and additives has necessitated the use of renewable natural resources of plant origin in rubber compounding. This research work utilized carbonized pawpaw (Carica papaya) seeds as filler in natural rubber compounds in a bid to determining the reinforcing potentials. The carbonized pawpaw seeds (CPS) and dried raw pawpaw seeds (RPS) were separately pulverized, screened with a 75 μm sized test sieve and incorporated into natural rubber, Standard Nigerian Rubber (SNR 10), loaded between 0 – 50 parts per hundred (Phr) of the rubber. The cure characteristics, physicomechanical properties as well as the percentage swelling characteristics of vulcanizates were measured as a function of filler loading and compared with the values obtained using industrial grade carbon black (N330) as a standard reinforcing filler. Results showed that the CPS and RPS filled SNR 10 influenced the cure characteristics and physicomechanical properties of rubber vulcanizates. The scorch and cure times of the vulcanizates decreased as filler loading is increased while maximum torque increased with increase in filler loading. Tensile strength and modulus at 100% strain for all SNR 10 filled vulcanizates increased to optimum level at 40 phr respectively, thereafter decreased, and elongation at break decreased as filler loading is increased. The hardness and abrasion resistance of the vulcanizates increased with increase in filler loading, while compression set and percentage swelling in both petroleum and aromatic solvents decreased as filler loading is increased. The vulcanizates tend to swell more in aromatic solvents than in petroleum solvents. Percentage swelling of the vulcanizates (N330 – SNR 10 < CPS – SNR 10 < RPS – SNR 10) and in the order benzene > toluene > kerosene > diesel solvents. The research work showed that CPS and RPS fillers exhibited considerable reinforcing potentials but somewhat inferior to carbon black, N330.
Keywords: Natural rubber, pawpaw seeds, fillers, vulcanizates and reinforcement.
Hétérogénéité génétique et résistance des vecteurs du paludisme (Anopheles gambiae s.l) aux insecticides en zone cotonnière au Benin
Authors: Aikpon Rock , Missihoun Antoine , Lokossou Antoine , Aikpon Gorgias , Salifou Sahidou , Dansi Alexandre , Agbangla Clément 
Published: February 2021

La résistance des vecteurs du paludisme aux insecticides utilisés dans la lutte anti vectorielle est un obstacle majeur pour les programmes nationaux de lutte contre le paludisme. La présente étude avait pour but d’évaluer la diversité génétique des populations de Anopheles gambiae et la résistance aux insecticides (mutation Kdr et Ace-1) en zone cotonnière au Bénin. Deux méthodes de capture ont été utilisées pour la collecte d’échantillon. La capture sur appât humain et la récolte de la faune résiduelle matinale par spray. La PCR SINE a permis de distinguer deux espèces jumelles et d’obtenir les différents génotypes pour les deux gènes. Deux espèces du complexe An. gambiae s.l ont été trouvées en sympatrie (Anopheles coluzzii et Anopheles gambiae). La résistance kdr et Ace-1 connaissent un flux saisonnier. L’allèle résistant du gène kdr est fixé dans la population de vecteurs (Fis>0). Par contre, un déficit de l’allèle résistant est noté au niveau du gène Ace-1 (Fis<0).Mots clés : Hétérogénéité, génétique, résistance, vecteur, paludisme.
English Title: Genetic heterogeneity and resistance to insecticides in malaria vector Anopheles gambiae s.l in the cotton growing area in Benin
Resistance of malaria vectors to insecticides used in vector control is a major threat for national malaria control programs. The purpose of this study was to assess the genetic diversity of Anopheles gambiae populations and resistance to insecticides (Kdr Ace-1 mutation) in the cotton growing area in Benin. Two samples methods were used for mosquito collection: Human Landing catch (HLC) and the residual fauna collection by spray. The SINE PCR allow to identify species the different genotypes resistance genes. Two species of the An. gambiae s.l complex have been found in sympatry (Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles gambiae). kdr and Ace-1 resistance had seasonal variation trend. The kdr resistance allele is fixed in the vector population (Fis> 0). Moreover, a deficit of the Ace-1 resistance allele was observed (Fis <0).
Keywords: Heterogeneity, genetic, resistance, vector, malaria.
On complete reducibility in characteristic $p$
Authors: Balaji V. , Deligne P. , Parameswaran A. J. 
Published: February 2021

Let $G$ be a reductive group over a field $k$ which is algebraically closed of characteristic $p \neq 0$. We prove a structure theorem for a class of subgroup schemes of $G$, for $p$ bounded below by the Coxeter number of $G$. As applications, we derive semi-simplicity results, generalizing earlier results of Serre proven in 1998, and also obtain an analogue of Luna's \'etale slice theorem for suitable bounds on $p$.Comment: Appendix is by Zhiwei Yun
Hilbert-Mumford stability on algebraic stacks and applications to $\mathcal{G}$-bundles on curves
Authors: Heinloth Jochen 
Published: February 2021

In these notes we reformulate the classical Hilbert-Mumford criterion for GIT stability in terms of algebraic stacks, this was independently done by Halpern-Leinster. We also give a geometric condition that guarantees the existence of separated coarse moduli spaces for the substack of stable objects. This is then applied to construct coarse moduli spaces for torsors under parahoric group schemes over curves.Comment: 37 pages
On the Prym variety of genus 3 covers of genus 1 curves
Authors: Ritzenthaler Christophe , Romagny Matthieu 
Published: February 2021

Given a generic degree-2 cover of a genus 1 curve D by a non hyperelliptic genus 3 curve C over a field k of characteristic different from 2, we produce an explicit genus 2 curve X such that Jac(C) is isogenous to the product of Jac(D) and Jac(X). This construction can be seen as a degenerate case of a result by Nils Bruin.Comment: Published version
Lefschetz (1,1)-theorem in tropical geometry
Authors: Jell Philipp , Rau Johannes , Shaw Kristin 
Published: February 2021

For a tropical manifold of dimension n we show that the tropical homology classes of degree (n-1, n-1) which arise as fundamental classes of tropical cycles are precisely those in the kernel of the eigenwave map. To prove this we establish a tropical version of the Lefschetz (1, 1)-theorem for rational polyhedral spaces that relates tropical line bundles to the kernel of the wave homomorphism on cohomology. Our result for tropical manifolds then follows by combining this with Poincar\'e duality for integral tropical homology.Comment: 27 pages, 6 figures, published version
Hamiltonian actions of unipotent groups on compact K\"ahler manifolds
Authors: Greb Daniel , Miebach Christian 
Published: February 2021

We study meromorphic actions of unipotent complex Lie groups on compact K\&quot;ahler manifolds using moment map techniques. We introduce natural stability conditions and show that sets of semistable points are Zariski-open and admit geometric quotients that carry compactifiable K\&quot;ahler structures obtained by symplectic reduction. The relation of our complex-analytic theory to the work of Doran--Kirwan regarding the Geometric Invariant Theory of unipotent group actions on projective varieties is discussed in detail.Comment: v2: 30 pages, final version as accepted by EPIGA
Pluricomplex Green's functions and Fano manifolds
Authors: McCleerey Nicholas , Tosatti Valentino 
Published: February 2021

We show that if a Fano manifold does not admit Kahler-Einstein metrics then the Kahler potentials along the continuity method subconverge to a function with analytic singularities along a subvariety which solves the homogeneous complex Monge-Ampere equation on its complement, confirming an expectation of Tian-Yau.Comment: EpiGA Volume 3 (2019), Article Nr. 9
Sur l'hyperbolicit\'e de graphes associ\'es au groupe de Cremona
Authors: Lonjou Anne 
Published: February 2021

To reinforce the analogy between the mapping class group and the Cremona group of rank $2$ over an algebraic closed field, we look for a graph analoguous to the curve graph and such that the Cremona group acts on it non-trivially. A candidate is a graph introduced by D. Wright. However, we demonstrate that it is not Gromov-hyperbolic. This answers a question of A. Minasyan and D. Osin. Then, we construct two graphs associated to a Vorono\&quot;i tesselation of the Cremona group introduced in a previous work of the autor. We show that one is quasi-isometric to the Wright graph. We prove that the second one is Gromov-hyperbolic.Comment: 29 pages, en Fran\c{c}ais
On the B-Semiampleness Conjecture
Authors: Floris Enrica , Lazić Vladimir 
Published: February 2021

The B-Semiampleness Conjecture of Prokhorov and Shokurov predicts that the moduli part in a canonical bundle formula is semiample on a birational modification. We prove that the restriction of the moduli part to any sufficiently high divisorial valuation is semiample, assuming the conjecture in lower dimensions.Comment: 26 pages