bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increasing productivity of rice through iron toxicity control in acid sulfate soils of tidal swampland
Authors: Khairullah I , Saleh M , Alwi M , Masganti  
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Increasing rice productivity in acid sulfate soil of tidal swampland face several obstacles, including iron toxicity that can reduce rice growth and yield. This paper describes how to control iron toxicity for increasing rice productivity in acid sulfate soils of tidal swamplands based on the research results. Iron toxicity control could be done through water management, amelioration and fertilizer application and using high yielding varieties (HYV’s) tolerant. Water management intermittently one week combined with delay planting 14 to 21 days increased rice growth and yield higher than that of being flooded continuously and flushing system. Amelioration using 5 t ha−1 of straw and Eleocharis dulcis compost increased rice growth and yield 16.4% compared with dolomite 2 t ha−1. Fertilizer 90 kg ha−1 N, 60 to 90 kg ha−1 P2O5 and 100 to 125 kg ha−1 K2O combined with seed treatment using CaO 75% of seed weight increased yield. Using HYV’s such as Margasari, Mendawak, Inpara 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, and 9 also increased rice yield up to 31% compared with Margasari. By combining water management, amelioration and fertilizer application, using tolerant varities rice coud increase so that rice production can be significantly increased at acid sulfate soils of tidal swamplands.
Application of mulch and soil ameliorant for increasing soil productivity and its financial analysis on shallots farming in the upland
Authors: Haryati U , Irawan  , Maswar  
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Technology to improve soil quality is required on degraded uplands. This study aimed to determine the effect of mulch and soil ameliorant on soil quality and shallots yield. The study was conducted in March to June 2017 in Garut Regency, West Java Province, Indonesia. The experimental design used was splitplot design with 3 replications. Main plot was type of mulch consisted of 3 treatments (no mulch, plastic, straw), while sub-plot was soil ameliorant application consisted of 5 treatments: farmer practise (B-1), B-1 + recommended fertilizer, B-1 + 5 t ha−1 dolomite, B-1 + 5 t ha−1 biochar, B-1 + 5 t ha−1 dolomite + 5 t ha−1 biochar). The results showed that dolomite increased pH, K2O, P2O5, Ca-exch and base saturation. Straw mulch and soil ameliorant increased total pore space, aeration pore, aggregate stability index and permeability. The highest yield (18.8 t ha−1) was achieved at treatment without mulch with farmer practise plus biochar (5 t ha−1) and plastic mulch with farmer practise plus dolomite (5 t ha−1) and biochar (5 t ha−1). The incremental yield was about 15.0% compared to farmer practise. The research treatments were financially feasible with ratio R/C of 1.5 - 2.4.
Long-term impact of single biochar and compost application on soil aggregation
Authors: Schnee L S , Koehler H , Ngakou A , Eickhorst T 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Soil aggregation is an important indicator of soil quality and highly responsive to management such as application of organic amendments. Compost generally increases aggregate stability and enhances soil microbial activity, while the effects of biochar on these factors remain inconclusive. We investigated the effect of biochar and compost on soil aggregation and microbial abundance at an experimental soil rehabilitation site in Ngaoundéré, Cameroon. Sampling was carried out 3.5 years after installation of the site. Both amendments improved bulk density, hydraulic conductivity, pH, and base saturation. Cation exchange capacity and soil organic matter (SOM) content were rather a function of soil texture than influenced by the amendments. Bacterial abundance increased in the compost, but not in the biochar treatment. Fungi were more frequent in smaller aggregates, but did not respond to the treatments. Macroaggregates 400 – 2,000 µm contributed ca. 75 % of the soil functions assessed. Yet, SOM content was 4 times higher in microaggregates < 50 µm than in macroaggregates throughout all treatments. We conclude that single applications of organic amendments can have positive long-term effects on soil aggregation in undisturbed degraded soils, particularly in the macroaggregate fraction. Microaggregates harbour fungal hyphae and are rich in SOM, independent of amendments.
The effect of fly ash application to Acacia growth and heavy metals leaching on peatland
Authors: Subiksa I G M , Suastika I W , Husnain  
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Research was focused on the effect of fly ash application on peatland at Lalang Kabung Village, Pelalawan Regency, Riau. The research objectives were to compare the effect of 3 types of fly-ash to the growth of Acacia crassicarpa and to investigate the potential on heavy metal pollution in groundwater of peatlands. The study was conducted using a randomized block design with 8 combined treatments with the type and rate of fly ash. Groundwater quality was monitored from a piezometer installed among 4 acacia trees. The results showed that the application of all 3 types fly ash significantly affect to acacia plant growth as indicated by the increased of stem diameter and plant height. Biomass fly-ash was better compared to coal and mixed fly-ash. The higher rate of fly-ash resulted on the better acacia growth. The results of water quality measurement taken from piezometer showed that there were 5 types of heavy metals detected in groundwater namely Pb, Co, Ni, Mo and Zn, but the concentration was still below the regulation threshold. There was no significant difference in heavy metal content among treatments both with and without fly-ash application.
Amelioration and variety selection to increase shallot yield in peatlands
Authors: Lestari Y , Maftu’ah E 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Productivity can be achieved by improving fertility and using adaptive varieties. The research aimed to determine the effect of ameliorant types and onion varieties on soil properties and shallot yield in peatlands. The research was carried out on degraded peatland in Kalampangan, Palangkaraya, Central Kalimantan from April to September 2017. The experiment was arranged using a factorial randomized block design with four replications. The first factor was the ameliorants type (A1 = 100% manure, A2 = 50% rice husk biochar + 50% manure, A3 = 50% rice husk ash + 50% manure, and A4 = compost formulated from 40% weeds + 40% manure + 20% agricultural lime). The second factor was the shallot variety of Bima and Bauji. Observation variables included available P, exchangeable K, plant growth and yields. Manure was better than others for increasing the availability of P and K. The highest yield of shallot obtained by Bauji variety which applied ameliorant 100% manure. Shallot yields in peatland were more influenced by ameliorant type than varieties so the ameliorant was very important for the success of shallot development in peatland. The Bauji variety is quite adaptive in peatlands, so it can be recommended for larger development.
The effect of extension on community knowledge in peatland management: Case study in Rasau Jaya Village, Kubu Raya, West Kalimantan
Authors: Sanudin  , Fauziyah E 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Since 1974, farmers in the Rasau Jaya Dua Village have interacted with peatlands. Agricultural yields on peatlands have not reached maximal yields. Farmers’ knowledge on plant pest and disease controls, post-harvest processing and marketing and utilization of peat water for fish farming is still limited, so that extension and assistance are needed. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of extension on community knowledge in peatland management. The study was conducted in the Rasau Jaya Village, Kubu Raya District, West Kalimantan Province from October to November 2018. This research used a survey method by randomly sampling 32 farmers from five farmers’ groups. This research implemented pre-test and post-test group design. The result showed that extension with the lecture and discussion method had a significant effect on increasing farmers’ knowledge in peatland management. To increase farmers’ knowledge in peatland management, it is necessary for intervention through extension by encouraging and involving institutions related to peatland management, such as community assistance organizations, agencies such as office of the agriculture, cooperative, small and medium enterprises, and trade and industry, and other institutions.
Dynamics of acidity and electrical conductivity due to seawater amelioration in total reclaimed acid sulphate soils, South Kalimantan
Authors: Mayasari V , Lestari Y 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The objective of our research was to determine the effect of inundation using seawater on the pH and EC of acid sulphate soils This research consisted of 2 stages, an incubation experiment carried out in the greenhouse, Indonesian Swampland Agricultural Research Institute (ISARI), Banjarbaru South Kalimantan and in the field of Handil, Maluka village, Bumi Makmur District, Tanah Laut Regency, South Kalimantan. The incubation experiment used several seawater concentrations of 0, 12.5, 25, 37.5 and 50%, with randomized complete design with 3 replications. The field experiment used a raise bed system with two treatment applications: (i) without brackish water and (ii) with brackish water. The results of the incubation experiment showed that the longer the incubation period and the higher seawater concentration caused a decrease in the soil pH while increasing EC values. Conversely, incubation of potential acid sulphate soils using well water (0% seawater) resulted in increasing soil pH and EC values. Field experiments showed that the application of brackish water on acid sulphate soil gave lower soil pH than that without brackish water. Contrary, EC values of acid sulphate soil applied with brackish water were higher than those without brackish water application.
Effect of P, Zn and crop residue return on grain yield and P uptake of direct seeded rice
Authors: Viandari N Al , Wihardjaka A , Pulunggono H B , Suwardi  , Sulastri B N , Setyastika U S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Climate change greatly impacts on agricultural cultivation, including in rainfed rice fields. Improving rice crop performance and productivity in rainfed fields could be done by adaptation in dealing with climate change. This study aims were to determine the effect of providing P, Zn and Crop Residue Return (CRR) on direct seeded rice. This study was conducted at the Jakenan Experimental Station, Pati, Central Java, Indonesia from September 2012 to January 2013. A randomized block design was used, and these treatments consisted of various doses of P fertilizer (0P, ½P, P), providing Zn, and incorporation of crop residue. The observed parameters were plant height, maximum tillers per hill, productive tillers per hill, filled grain per panicle, grain yield, weight of dry straw, P-uptake. The results of this study indicated that providing P, Zn, and CRR have positive effects to plants growth and rice yield component. The treatment of ½P+ CRR + Zn took the best effect on plant growth and rice yield component. Applying of CRR and Zn could be a adaptation techniques and sustainable tools in the field that has beneficial impact for plant growth and rice yield component.
Applications of guano and K2CO3 on soil potential-P, potential-K on Andisols
Authors: Zakiah K , Maulana M R , Widowati L R , Mutakin J 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The source of phosphorus and potassium for plants, which commonly from inorganic fertilizer, can be replaced by other sources such as Guano and K2CO3. Guano is organic material rich in P and other soil nutrients, which has the function as well as rock phosphate. Furthermore, potassium carbonate (K2CO3) has 56% of K, higher than KCl, which only has 52% so it has potential as a source of K for plants. This study aimed to find out the dose of Guano and K2CO3 as an alternative of P and K fertilizer on soil potential-P, potential-K, and soil reaction (pH). The experiment was conducted at Situgede Garut – West Java with an altitude of 1,200 m above sea level with soil reaction 6.05. The experiment was conducted from April to July 2018. The method used was a Randomized Block Design with nine treatments and three replications. The experiment result showed the value of soil potential-P (P2O5 HCl 25%) and potential-K (K2O HCl 25%) due to treatment of Guano and K2CO3 statistically no difference to with treatment of NPK standard. Therefore, K2CO3 and guano have potentially been used as a fertilizer compound.
Soil bacteria abundance in application of biopesticides (Bacillus aryabhattai) in swampland, South Kalimantan
Authors: Wahyuni S , Kartikawati R , Sulastri B N , Sarah  , Sutriadi M T 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In rice cultivation, farmers tend to use chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The prolonged intensive use of agrochemicals can decrease soil quality. Chemical pesticides can be replaced with biopesticides to maintain and improve soil fertility, also to prevent the attack of plant-disturbing organisms on crops. The aim of this study was to determine the total population abundance of soil bacteria and soil quality after the application of biopesticides in the swampland in Jejangkit District. This research was accomplished in Jejangkit District, Barito Kuala Regency, South Kalimantan, which started from June to December 2019. The study used a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with three treatments and six replications. The treatments are Super Intensive and Actual Swamp (RAISA), Indonesian Agricultural Environment Research Institute’s (IAERI) Biopesticide, Galam Biopesticide. The variety of rice used is Inpara 2. The plot size is 900 m2 by applying the Jarwo Planting system. The results revealed that the application of biopesticides could increase the total population of soil bacteria from 104 to 106 cfu mL−1. Moreover, N and P nutrient content increase from low to moderate (0.19 to 0.4) % and (13.25 to 38.87) mg P2O5 100g−1, respectively.
Effect of P fertilizer formula to the growth and yield of sweet corn on peatland
Authors: Purnomo J , Subiksa I G M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Indonesia has 14.93 million ha of peat lands spread across Sumatra, Kalimantan and Papua. Peatlands productivity is very low due to its characteristics that do not support optimal plant growth. The research objective was to assess the effect of P fertilizer application on peat lands to sweet corn yield and determine the dosage. This research has been carried out on drained peat lands in Rasau Jaya, Kubu Raya Regency in West Kalimantan. The research used a randomized complete block design with nine treatments namely Control, NK, NPK, NPK+Mg, ¾ NK+700 kg P fertilizer ha−1 and four rates of P fertilizer were 350, 700, 1,050 and 1,400 kg ha−1. The results showed that the P fertilizer application has significantly affect plant growth, ear length, ear diameter, biomass and yield of fresh sweet corn ear. The application of NK+700 kg P fertilizer ha−1 produced higher biomass by 77% and 47% compared to NPK+Mg treatment and NK treatment respectively. The application of 700 kg P fertilizer ha−1 also significantly increased fresh ears by 51% and 43% compared to NPK+Mg treatment and NK treatment respectively. The optimum rate of P fertilizer for sweet corn on peat lands is 670 to 890 kg ha−1.
The use of soil ameliorants and fertilizers to increase the yields of rice and maize in ultisols Lampung, Indonesia
Authors: Septiyana  , Husnain  , Widowati L R , Siregar A F , Samsun A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The Ultisols has high soil acidity, Al and Fe concentration and low organic matter, nutrients, base saturation, and CEC, that limit the growth of rice and maize. The research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the application of fertilizers, soil ameliorant, and their combinations to improve Ultisol productivity including to increase rice and maize crops yields. This research was conducted at the Taman Bogo experimental station, Lampung Timur District, for two growing seasons (GS-1 and GS-2) in 2019. Field experiment used randomized block design with eight treatments and three replications. The treatments were included control, recommendation dosage of fertilizers (for rice: 250 kg urea ha−1, 200 kg SP-36 ha−1, 75 kg KCl ha−1; for maize: 300 kg urea ha, 175 kg SP-36 ha−1, 100 kg KCl ha−1), and combination of the recommendation dosage of fertilizers, manure, biofertilizer, and rock phosphate. Recommendation dosage of fertilizer was determined using upland soil test kit (made by Indonesian Soil Research Institute). The result showed that soil ameliorant and biofertilizer application gave significant effect to improve soil chemical physic properties and plant yields.
Analysis of peat bacterial diversity in oil palm plantations and a logged forest in Jambi, Indonesia, using PCR-DGGE technique
Authors: Pratiwi E , Satwika T D , Agus F 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Jambi Province has around 617,000 hectares of peatlands spread across six districts, including Tanjung Jabung Timur. Reports on microbial diversity under different land cover, especially those using molecular techniques, were very limited. The study aimed to evaluate the impact of peatlands conversion on soil bacterial biodiversity, through the analysis of 16S-rDNA gene employing polymerase chain reaction combined with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). Peat soil samples were taken from the topsoil (rhizosphere) of 3 sites, i.e. (A) conventional drained (50 to 70 cm) oil palm plantation, (B) shallow drained (30 to 50 cm) oil palm plantation, and (C) logged-over peat forest. Sequential analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene showed that 15 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) could be grouped into 3 phyla, namely Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Actinobacteria. The alignment result of nucleotide shows that 4 of 15 bands of DGGE were identified as the uncultured bacterium (Sulfurospirillum, Acidobacteria, Rhodoplane, and Magnetospirillum). Overall, the Shannon-Weaver biodiversity index showed that the conversion of peatlands to oil palm plantation increased bacterial biodiversity. This could be attributed to drainage, ferlilization, and biomass inputs under the oil palm plantations. The higher biodiversity under oil palm plantations also implies a higher rate of peat decomposition under this land use, relative to the forest.
The efficacy of biofertilizer contains Bradyrhizobium japonicum isolates on soybean yields grown in Inceptisols, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Purwani J , Sucahyono D , Wardana I P 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The use of biofertilizers is growing rapidly and promising for food crops and horticulture. They are capable to improve soil fertility, increase crop growth and yield, and environment friendly. Soybean is a strategic commodity in Indonesia. Various ways of cultural practice to improve soybean yield have been reported. The biofertilizer containing six Bradyrhizobium japonicum isolates with husk charcoal powder carrier material has been tested on soybean in Cibungbulang Bogor. Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of Bradyrhizobium japonicum biofertilizer on soybean growth and the yield on Inceptisols Cibungbulang Bogor. The experiment was a randomized block design consisted of seven treatments with four replications. The treatments were (1) Control, no fertilizer (2) 100% NPK (3) Biofertilizer, (4) Biofertilizer + 25%NPK, (5) Biofertilizer + 50% NPK, (6) Biofertilizer + 75% NPK and (7) Biofertilizer + 100% NPK. The results showed that the promising treatment to improve soybean yield was Biofertilizer + 50% NPK and Biofertilizer + 75% NPK as indicated by significantly increase of soybean yield from 18.56 to 25.77% compared to the treatments of 100% NPK, reduced NPK fertilizer 25 to 50%. The values of Relative Agronomic Effectiveness were 191% and 165%. This study implies that the application of biofertilizer gave a positive result both on the growth and yield of soybean.
The effect of the number of rows and varieties of soybean on growth and yield in intercropping with corn
Authors: Hafid H , Syaiful S A , Kaimuddin  , Fattah A , Djufry F 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Intercropping is a breakthrough in land use optimization. This study aim is to determine the effect of the number of rows and soybean varieties on the growth and yield of soybean in intercropping with corn. This study was set in a split plot design with three replication. The main plot was soybean varieties: Dena-1 (V1), Detap-1 (V2) and Deja-1 (V3), while subplots were the number of rows of soybean planting lines: Monoculture (B0), 3 rows of soybean-3 rows of corn (B1), 4 rows of soybean-3 rows of corn (B2), and 6 rows of soybean-3 rows of corn (B3). The results show that V1 has the lowest plant height as 83.04 cm. The highest number of filled pods is achieved at V2B0 with 78.53 pods but not significantly different with V2B3 as 71.77 pods. B3 gave the lowest plant height 82.74 cm, weight of 100 seeds 15.93 g, and yield weight of 1.13 t ha−1. The lowest populations of Nezara viridula and Bemisia
tabaci was produced in V2B3. The highest land equivalent ratio (LER) is achieved in V3B3 1.45. This present study shows that implementing Detap-1 with 6 rows of soybean is better than other treatment in the intercropping with corn.
Comparison of appropriate cation exchange capacity (CEC) extraction methods for soils from several regions of Indonesia
Authors: Purnamasari L , Rostaman T , Widowati L R , Anggria L 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Soil-forming factors strongly influence soil diversity in Indonesia. Indonesia is rich in variations of tropical soil types that have distinctive characteristics. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) is an indicator of the soil ability to absorb and supply nutrients so that CEC is used as an index of soil chemical fertility. The factors that affected CEC are the amount of clay texture, organic matter content, and pH. In standard method, CEC is obtained by ammonium acetate 1 N pH 7 method, while the distribution of soil pH in Indonesia is very diverse from pH 4 to pH 8. Also, there are differences in factors that affect CEC, causing the CEC values to be biased or does not reflect the real conditions. The purpose of this study was to obtain the best soil CEC extraction method. 97 soil samples were analyzed with 1 N ammonium acetate extract pH 4.8, pH 6.0, pH 7.0, and compulsive cation exchange extraction method. The result showed that the ammonium acetate pH 7.0 method had a significant correlation to other methods and to pH (H2O). The ammonium acetate pH 7.0 method could be applicated for acidic and alkaline soil.
Subsurface space investigation jointly using seismic reflection and refraction tomography in urban area: a case study of Hangzhou, China
Authors: Fang Ziyan , Shi Zhanjie , Liu Jie 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Seismic reflection method is one of the commonly used techniques in urban underground space exploration. However, in some areas, the effect of reflection seismic exploration is limited because of the difficulty of interpretation. In this paper, seismic reflection exploration and refraction travel time tomography are jointly used in Hangzhou to increase detection accuracy. The results show that different layers can be discerned for Quaternary sedimentary. The combined use of the two methods has obvious advantages and good practical value.