bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Penerimaan Anggota Polri
Authors: Edi Saputra Hasibuan  
Published: June 2021

Bicara mengenai keamanan dan ketertiban dalam Negara, tentunya tidak lepas dari peran Kepolisian. Terciptanya lingkungan yang kondusif menimbulkan rasa aman dan tertib, bila hal ini tercapai maka taraf kesejahteraan masyarakat akan meningkat dalam menjalani kegiatan sehari-hari. Kinerja dalam tubuh Polri selalu menjadi sorotan yang membentuk persepsi bagi masyakat itu sendiri. Polri sebagai penegak hukum dan pengayom masyarakat merupakan figur penting di tengah masyarakat, bahkan impian menjadi seorang anggota polisi menjadi harapan bagi banyak orang. Terkait hal tersebut Polri selalu membuka peluang bagi putra-putri terbaik bangsa untuk ikut dan menjadi bagian sebagai penegak hukum dan abdi Negara. Dalam prakteknya Polri selalu mengedepankan motto “Bersih, Transparan, Akuntabel, dan Humanis” sebagai suatu bukti bahwa dalam penerimaan anggota Polri dilalui dengan proses seleksi yang ketat. Berkenaan dengan itu maka penulis melakukan penelitian untuk melihat bagaimana persepsi masyarakat terhadap Polri khususnya dalam proses penerimaan anggota.
A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF STANDARD INTERVENTION OF INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN CENTRAL INDIA.
Authors: Khan Kunwar Anees Ahmad 
Published: May 2021

Background: A common surgical emergency, intestinal blockage has a high death and morbidity rate. Intestinal blockage accounts for about 15% of all emergency room visits for acute abdominal discomfort. Acute intestinal obstruction can take several forms, ranging from a seemingly normal look with just minor stomach pain and distension to a situation of hypovolemic or septic shock (or both) requiring an emergency treatment.
Aim: The goal of this study was to see how our tertiary hospital managed intestinal obstruction operations.
Material and Methods: Patients in the current study ranged in age from 21 to 80 and had a surgically treated acute intestinal blockage. Patients with severe signs and symptoms of acute blockage were treated with an appropriate surgical approach after initial resuscitation. All of the data was entered into a spreadsheet and analysed with descriptive statistics.
Results: During the study period, 288 patients received surgery for acute intestinal blockage. The most prevalent age group (26 percent) was 51 to 60 years old, followed by 41 to 50 years old (21 percent ). Male patients were 2.8 times more likely than female patients to be afflicted. Previous abdominal surgery (56 percent), diabetes (31%), smoking (25%), hypertension (24%), and bronchial asthma/ COPD (15%) were all discovered to be common co-morbidities in this study. The most common causes of intestinal obstruction in this study were postoperative adhesions (47 percent), malignancy (15 percent), obstructed hernia (11 percent), and Koch's abdomen (8 percent ). The most prevalent surgical procedures in this study were adhesion removal (47 percent), resection and anastomosis (22 percent), diversion colostomy (13 percent), and hernioplasty (13 percent) (11 percent ). Fever (15%) and wound infection (11%) were the most prevalent post-operative problems, respectively. The rate of post-operative death was 13%. There are nine patients in all. The majority of deaths are caused by complications such as septicemia, peritonitis, and lung infection.
Conclusion: Postoperative adhesions are a common cause of intestinal blockage. Early surgical techniques, when combined with clinical diagnosis and radiological data, may improve the outcome of acute intestinal obstruction.
Keywords: surgical management, acute intestinal obstruction, adhesions, adhesiolysis.
Knowledge Level about Mother to Child Transmission of HIV/AIDS among Medical Student in Universitas Sumatera Utara
Authors: Albert Fiorentino Cuwardy  , Deri Edianto  
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTBackground: HIV/AIDS is one of the diseases that has been a global problem for a long time. In 2018, there were 37.9 million people worldwide infected with HIV and 1.7 million were children. Knowledge of the prevention of HIV transmission from mother-to-baby is very important as one of the prevention options. The aim of research knowing the level of knowledge of students of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatra Utara in 2017 against HIV transmission from mother to child.Method: Research method conducted using online survey method with cross sectional design. The samples used are all students based on total sampling. The study used univariate analysis to see descriptive images with primary data sourced from online questionnaires. Result: The level of knowledge of students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of North Sumatra in 2017 in the category of both 128 people (63.7%), enough 67 people (33.3 %), and less 6 people (3%).Conclusion: Students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of North Sumatra in 2017 have good knowledge about HIV transmission from mother to child.
The Association between Triglycerides and Glucose (TyG) Index and Parameters of Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: SN Sigit Anugerah Putra SN , Dharma Lindarto  
Published: May 2021

Background: The triglyceride and glucose index (TyG index) has become an attractive option due to the highly available and inexpensive biochemical markers for diagnostic of insulin reciatance (IR). The aim of this study was to investigate the association between TyG index and parameters of metabolic syndrome patients.
Method: A cross-sectional was conducted in outpatient polyclinics of the Endocrine-Metabolic division of RSUP H Adam Malik Medan. Criteria of Metabolic Syndrome: (i) abdominal obesity: waist circumference of ≥80 cm in women and ≥90 cm in men in Asean, measured at the umbilical level in a standing position; (ii) systolic blood pressure (SBP) of ≥130 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of ≥85 mmHg (or treatment with an antihypertensive medication), measured in all subjects using a validated digital electronic tensiometer in both upper limbs in a seated position after 15 minutes of rest; (iii) triglycerides levels (TG) of ≥150 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L) or statin/fibrate treatment; HDL-cholesterol levels (HDL-C) of >80 cm in women and >90 cm in men).
Result: In this study there were 20 metabolic syndrome patients. From the data, all patients are obese and HbA1c is normal. There is a significant relationship between TyG and HDL-C and TG (r=-0.60; p=0.005** and r=0.88, p= 0.001**, respectively).
Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between TyG and HDL-C and TG of metabolic syndrome patients.
Keywords: TyG, Metabolic Syndrome Parameters
A 46-year-Oldman with Gynaecomastia and Cirrhosis Hepatis Child Plug A. A case Report
Authors: Dian Rosa Lubis Syarifah , Melati Silvani  
Published: May 2021

Background: Gynecomastia is defined as the presence of excessive breast tissue in males, which can appear unilateral or bilateral. Bilateral prepubertal gynecomastia in the absence of endocrine abnormalities is extremely rare, with only a few cases in literature.
Case Presentation: A 46-year-old man presented with a 2 years history of bilateral breast enlargement and pain. There is heartburn, shrinking testicles, and decreased sexual drive. Vital examination showed normal. BMI : 24. 0 kg/m². Head dan neck: normal. On the chest both breasts are enlarged as avocados, palpable time around areola, chewy contingency, press pain, galactorrhea negative. Lung and cast are normal. In the abdominal: hepar, lien and renal are not palpable, and ascites are not found. There is an atrophy of testicles. Previous history of hepatic cirrhosis with Esophageal Varicose Veins caused by Hepatitis B. Laboratory examination Estradiol 98.71 pg/mL (range: <62), Testosterone: 8.66 ng/mL (range: 3.0-10.6), LH5.53 mlU/mL, FSH 6.49 mlU/mL, Prolactin 5.08 ng/mL; Total T4 5.57 ng/dL , TSH 1.84 μIU/mL. SGOT U/L 53, SGPT 71 U/L, Hepatitis B (+), HBsAg Reactive S/CO 414.46; HBeAg: Non Reactive, HBV DNA Undetectable and Albumin 3.6 g/dL. Fibroscan: Cirrhosis Hepatis. Abdominal ultrasound: Cirrhosis Hepatis. Gastroscopy: Esophageal Varicose Veins (F1, LI, CB) + Pan Gastropathy.
Conclusion: Reportedly A 46-year-old man presented with gynaecomastia bilateral with Cirrhosis Hepatis Child Plug A, given conservative treatment with tamoxiphen for 1 month
Implikasi Filsafat Pendidikan dalam Pengembangan Kurikulum Pendidikan Agama Islam Perspektif Kuntowijoyo
Authors: Tolchah Moch 
Published: June 2021

Penulisan karya ilmiah ini dimaksudkan untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis konsep nilai-nilai profetik perspektif Kuntowijoyo dengan kerangka filsafat pendidikan, kemudian apa implikasinya bagi pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan agama Islam, sehingga diharapkan dapat menjadi sebuah alternatif kriteria bagi pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan agama Islam di masa depan. Metode penulisannya menggunakan penelitian pustaka (library research), dengan pendekatan deskriptif analitis dan kritis; metode pengumpulan datanya : metode dokumenter, yaitu mencari data mengenai konsep pemikiran Kuntowijoyo tentang nilai-nilai profetik dalam karya-karya yang dihasilkannya; sedang analisis datanya dengan deduktif, induktif dan kontekstual.
centered). Dalam segi pegembangan komponennya adalah, tujuan, materi, strategi dan evaluasi.
Pengembangan Kemasan Produk Untuk Memperkuat Brand Stik Tempoyak Cap Cus di Jambi
Authors: Selamat Frangky , Chairy Chairy , Tunjungsari Hetty Karunia 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRAK
Krisis ekonomi yang dipicu oleh penyebaran virus SARS-Cov2 belum juga dapat dikendalikan. Kondisi ini telah menciptakan banyak masalah bagi pelaku UKM di Indonesia. Melemahnya daya beli konsumen dikuti dengan perubahan pola konsumsi masyarakat mendatangkan sejumlah masalah. Sektor kuliner menjadi salah satu yang terdampak berat. Usaha stik tempoyak yang merupakan hasil kreasi dari seorang ibu rumah tangga di Jambi yang ingin menciptakan oleh-oleh penganan ringan khas Jambi turut merasakan dampak tersebut. Berkurangnya jumlah kunjungan wisatawan ke Jambi dan pembatasan kegiatan masyarakat memaksa UKM ini untuk mengubah cara pemasaran. Cara luring dengan kemasan produk yang sederhana tidak dapat dipertahankan. Kegiatan PKM ini dilakukan untuk membantu UKM binaan agar dapat bertahan sekaligus melakukan inovasi pengembangan produk. Kemasan produk yang menarik dapat dimanfaatkan untuk aktivitas pemasaran daring, yang diperkirakan akan semakin intens pemanfaatannya sekalipun pandemi telah berakhir.

Kata Kunci: Kemasan Produk, UKM, Pemasaran

ABSTRACT
The economic crisis triggered by the spread of the SARS-Cov2 virus has yet to be controlled. This condition has created many problems for SME entrepreneurs in Indonesia. The weakening of consumer purchasing power followed by changes in public consumption patterns has created a number of problems. The culinary sector is one of the hardest hit. The tempoyak stick business, which was the creation of a housewife in Jambi who wanted to create a typical Jambi snack, also felt the impact. The reduced number of tourist visits to Jambi and restrictions on community activities forced these SMEs to change their marketing methods. The simple way of offline with product packaging is untenable. This community service activity is carried out to help fostered SMEs to survive while at the same time making product development innovations. Attractive product packaging can be used for online marketing activities, which are expected to be more intense even though the pandemic has ended.

Keywords: Product Packaging, SME, Marketing.
Chinese EFL Learners’ Cross-cultural Pragmatic Competence: The Appropriateness of Request
Authors: Yeboah Joyce 
Published: May 2021

The speech act of requesting has attracted a lot of attention in recent research. Previous studies reveal that conventionally indirect request strategies are commonly used by second language (L2) learners. This study is relevant because the findings would improve the requests strategies and its responses between Chinese EFL learners and foreigners. The study also examines the role of cross-cultural pragmatic competence in Chinese students in learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL) by considering the appropriateness of requests. It aims to find out the effects of knowledge of L1 culture on L2 pragmatic competence and how requests and its responses would contribute to pragmatic failure. The researcher used both quantitative and qualitative approach to analyse data. The data were collected through a discourse completion test (DCT) from 72 undergraduates and postgraduate students. The modified DCT was composed of two parts. The first was mainly concerned with the demographic information of the participants and second was composed of 12 simulated situations eliciting the appropriateness of requests in various communication settings. The findings of present study revealed that Chinese learners do not differ markedly from native speakers in their use of strategies, but do differ significantly in the formulaic expressions they employ for making the requests. Unclear request strategies and responses were identified as contributing factors to pragmatic failures. However, the study recommended that instructors should engage learners of English as a second language in a lot of appropriate request strategies to build learners’ competence and ability to understand situations in different environments.
An Analysis of Santiago’s Character in Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea : A Saga of Indomitable Human Spirit
Authors: Farooqui Rummana 
Published: May 2021

This article explores the epic story of an old fisherman and his experience at the sea that portrays the physical and emotional strength of a man called Santiago and will analyse his motivation to reclaim his lost reputation and dignity of not catching a fish for 84 days. Santiago confronted each day with poise and dignity for many days without catching a fish and was made fun of by many fishermen. He was called unlucky (salao) by the fellow fishermen. Hemingway illustrates the daring resolution of the old man through this tale. The story deals with the vital issues of mortality, hope, despair, and determination, where an old fisherman fights back against a huge fish to reclaim his honour and dignity. Ernest Hemingway rejoices over this heroic man who goes through life’s challenges alone with fierce courage and tenacity, exhibiting what Hemingway views as an indestructible spirit of man at its best. In addition, Hemingway reminds us about the human spirit and the importance of human dignity in our everyday struggle for survival. Hemingway compels us to acknowledge courage, tenacity, skill, expertise, and strength through this story. He recalls a tale of valour, daring, and heroism, of one man's struggle against his own doubts and about his success and failure, and his ultimate triumph. The novel brings forth man’s understanding of his own mortality and his power to overcome it. The objective of this study is to analyse the character of Santiago, based on the structural elements,using qualitative research.The primary data of the research is The Old Man and the Sea and the secondary data of the research are the other materials related to the study. The result of the study shows following conclusion.Based on the research the character of Santiago’s struggle displays the aptitude of the indomitable spirit of man that endures suffering and adversity in order to succeed. The story illustrates Santiago’s adventure and resolution, hardship and perseverance.
A Morphosyntactic Analysis of Some Asante Weed Names
Authors: Akuamah Abdulai 
Published: May 2021

This paper investigates the morphosyntactic features of some indigenous weed names identified among the Asante people of Ghana. Asante is a dialect of Akan and belongs to the Kwa (Congo-Niger) language family spoken mainly in Southern Ghana. This paper discusses some forty-four (44) weed names in Asante. All the data used were collected from primary sources. The data were collected from twenty (20) native speakers of Asante through unstructured interviews. The study has revealed various morphological processes in the language that include affixation, reduplication, and compounding in terms of morphological structure. The weed names were morphologically structured as single words, di-morphemic, phrases and clauses reduced to weed names. Syntactically, these sentential names can be simple, compound, and complex sentences which can function as declarative and imperative sentences.
Constraints of Attaining Pragmatic Relevance from English into Selected Luhya Varieties in Interpreter-mediated Sermons
Authors: Khachula Annet Aromo , Mudogo Bernard Angatia , Mandillah Lucy 
Published: May 2021

Interpretation is an ultimate bridge among people who speak more than one language. In the case where the audience fails to understand the source language (SL), it is necessary to get the message to communicate with the target language (TL) speaker through an interpreter. This paper aims to evaluate the possible constraints of attaining pragmatic relevance during the delivery of interpreter-mediated sermons from English into selected Luhya varieties. The rationale for this position is that since English and Luhya belong to different language families, rendering information between these two languages can be very challenging. The Relevance Theory by Sperber and Wilson (1986) provided the background for discussing the data. Data was collected through Key-Informant Interviews for the interpreters, Focus Group Discussions for the congregants and the researcher’s non-participant observation during church services. The audio recording was used to collect corpus for analysis. The following constraints were revealed; grammatic and structural constraints, time lag, idiomatic expressions in the SL, lack of compatible hyponyms, phonological and prosodic constraints, semantic constraints, lack of lexicalized TL versions, culture-specific words in the SL and polysemous words. The findings also revealed that interpreters need to be aware of the constraints they face in interpreting sermons to determine the appropriate strategies to counteract the constraints.
The Role of Cooperative Principles and Presupposition as Comic Generators in a Ghanaian English Comedy: A Case Study of Nurse Awuni’s Youtube Video
Authors: Seth Amoah 
Published: May 2021

Comedy is a common genre but quite complex to analyze linguistically. It consists of enormous discourse considered humorous or amusing by causing laughter in any entertainment medium. Several studies have investigated the relationship between comedy and cooperative principles in the analysis of everyday interaction. However, little attention has been paid to the role of cooperative principles and presupposition as comic generators in areas such as mass or social media, particularly on YouTube. This study concentrates on the analysis of extracts from a Ghanaian comedy on YouTube, Nurse Awuni, which give rise to humor by identifying the violation of Grice`s (1975) cooperative principles and its maxims employed by the characters. It attempts to answer the following research questions. First, how often are Grice`s (1975) cooperative principles and its maxims employed, flouted or violated in the Nurse Awuni`s comedy? And What is the role of conversational implicature and presupposition as comic generators in the Nurse Awuni`s comedy? Quantitative analysis with a collection of empirical data has been followed to analyze the violation and keeping of the cooperative principles, maxims and presupposition, and conversational implicature of the Nurse Awuni`s comedy from a strictly linguistic and pragmatic perspective. From the results, it is evident that interlocutors sometimes deliberately flout the conversational maxims so as to create comedy in different conversational effects such as humor, sarcasm, irony, insults etc. Again, a comedian may constantly digress from the subject and content of conversation to make him, or her appear naive and create an awkward situation by saying something narrow-minded. Moreover, the research investigated presupposition as a crucial comedy generator. Finally, the results indicate that the use of conversational implicature and its maxims is much more abundant than the use of presupposition.
The Principles Underlying What is Communicated and not Said: A Cursory Discussion of Grice’s Cooperative Principle and its Maxims
Authors: Yeboah Joyce 
Published: May 2021

As humans communicate, much of what goes on is not simply about conveying information to themselves. In Grice’s paper “Logic and Conversation (1975)”, he argued that some cooperative principle is assumed to be in operation for a person to interpret what someone else says. In a typical conversational flow, the speaker needs to adhere to a pattern in order to be informative, truthful and clear and there exist a set of principles that direct the hearer to a particular interpretation of what is said. This is because a speaker can mean something either by saying it or by saying (or ‘making as if to say’) something else. What is implicated by saying something is generally not what is said. This paper attempted to critically review how speakers manage to convey more than what is said and how the hearer arrives at the speaker meaning using a descriptive qualitative approach. This paper employs a descriptive qualitative approach. The key findings of the study is described in two context: first of all, speakers intentionally obey the maxims in conversation which in essence affirms Grice’s theory of cooperative principle in fulfilment of at least some of the maxims. Second, speakers exploit the maxims either deliberately or fail to observe by deciding to violate, suspend, flout, infringe, or opt-out of a conversation. This situation is one premised to give rise to conversational implicatures. A competent hearer should be able to arrive at these possible conclusions in order to draw out the speaker meaning from what was merely said.
أقوال المؤرِّج في تفسير خمس آيات من سورة البقرة : جمع ودراسة وموازنة
Authors: Alkordi Sumaya Saleem , Al-Kubise Ahmed A. 
Published: May 2021

يتناول هذا البحث أمرين اثنين، الأمر الأول: التعريف بالإمام المؤرّج ابن عمرو السدوسي البصري، وبمكانته في علمي اللغة والتفسير، والأمر الثاني: هو محاولة استقراء أقواله الواردة في تفسير الجزء الأول من سورة البقرة ، ودراستها من خلال العرض والتحليل، ثم الموازنة بينها وبين أقوال المفسرين وبيان من أيّده من العلماء، وذكر من غلّطه واحتجّ عليه منهم، مع عرض أدلة كل فريق، ومن ثم الترجيح بينها- ما أمكن ذلك- وفق قواعد الترجيح المعلومة والمعتبرة عند العلماء. ومن خلال البحث يمكن التعرّف على المؤرج، ومنزلته في العلم بين أهل زمانه وعصره، والاطلاع على نماذج من تفسيره.
This paper intends to delineate two aspects; the biography of al-Mu’arrij b. ‘Amr al-Sadusi al-Basri (d. 195 AH/ 810 CE) and his scholarship in Arabic linguistic and tafsir (the Quran exegesis); secondly, this paper provides an analytical reading of al-Muarrij’s Quran commentary on the first juz’ (part) of Surah al-Baqarah. Next, special attention is devoted to compare al-Mu’arrij’s commentary with other scholars of tafsir and the trajectory of his work, traces the debate of scholars on his writings, why it was accepted or rejected. This comparative analysis allows us to demonstrate the establishing preferability between scholars. In the course of the paper, it becomes apparent that the acquaintance of al-Mu’arrij and his scholarship was a reference in scholarly circle among the contemporaneous.