bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economics of loan growth, credit risk and bank capital in Islamic banks
Authors: Abbas Faisal , Ali Shoaib 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThis study aims to analyze the moderating role of capital on the relationship between loan growth and credit risk for Islamic banks in the post-crisis era.Design/methodology/approachThe study used annual data of 217 Islamic banks from 38 countries and ranges from 2010–2019. The study applies a two-step system GMM method for hypotheses testing about the moderating role of bank capital on the relationship between loan growth and credit risk in Islamic banks.FindingsThe findings showed that an increase in loan growth increases the credit risk of Islamic banks, as evidenced by loan loss provisions, loan loss reserves and nonperforming loans. The results indicate that capital positively moderates the relationship between loan growth and credit risk in Islamic banking. The positive relationship between bank capital and risk-taking is in line with the “regulatory hypothesis” in banking. The findings predict lower impacts of capital on the relationship between loan growth and credit risk in the South Asian region than MENA, Africa, South, East and Central Asia regions. However, the impact of capital is higher for larger Islamic banks than medium and smaller ones.Practical implicationsThe findings of the study add value to the current debate on the role of bank capital to reduce risk-taking in Islamic banks. The study's findings have implications for policymakers, managers, especially in Islamic banking, for improving the Islamic financial system by managing the role of capital, loan growth and credit risk.Originality/valueThis is the first study to explore the moderating role of bank capital on the relationship between loan growth and credit risk in the post-crisis era, especially in Islamic banking. This is the first study in the Islamic banking context, which is providing empirical evidence for the impact of loan growth on the back looking and forward-looking proxies of credit risk under the moderating role of bank capitalization in the post-crisis era. This is the first study, which providing findings based on regions and size to compare the differences in Islamic banks for the impact of loan growth on credit risk under the moderating role of capitalization.
Postprandial glycemic response in different bakery formulations with adequate palatability: sex-related effects
Authors: Niclis Camila , Prado Diego , Diaz María del Pilar , Soria Elio Andrés , Albrecht Claudia 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
Hyperglycemic diets are a critical risk factor for diabetes and other chronic diseases; therefore, food innovation is encouraged. In this sense, starchy foods with a better postprandial glycemic response (PGR) could contribute to disease prevention for consumers. This study aims to evaluate the effect of three biscuit formulations on glycemic indicators – in general, and by sex – and their acceptability.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors analyzed the nutritional composition of biscuits A, B and C (high, moderate and low fiber content, respectively, among other differences) and the PGR, glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) after being consumed by 15 healthy adults. A sensory evaluation was also performed (n = 54 subjects). An analysis of variance and generalized linear models were fitted to estimate the effect of formulations on glycemic indicators, including interactions by sex.

Findings
For samples A, B and C (classic biscuit) the GI was 50, 54 and 51, respectively. The formulations did not show differences in the GI or GL. Lower values of PGR were observed in women (p = 0.01) and inverse effects on glycemia in all formulations in women with respect to formulation C in men were found. Calories, fiber and monounsaturated fats showed inverse effects on the PGR, GI and GL. Sample A had the highest value of acceptability (86.1%), considering all attributes assessed.

Originality/value
A sex-related effect in glycemia was found, with all formulations triggered a better PGR in women. The nutritional profile of biscuits can be improved while maintaining palatability.
Native frogs (Rana pirica) do not respond adaptively to alien toads (Bufo japonicus formosus) 100 years after introduction
Authors: Okamiya Hisanori , Inoue Yoshihiro , Takai Kotaro , Crossland Michael R. , Kishida Osamu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBiological invasions adversely affect the survival of many native species, but long‐term consequences of the novel pressures imposed by invaders on natives are less clear. If natives can adapt to the presence of the invader, the severity of impact will decline with time. On Hokkaido, Japan, alien toads (Bufo japonicus formosus) are highly toxic to native frog tadpoles (Rana pirica) that attempt to eat their hatchlings. Therefore, the arrival of toads potentially imposes selection pressure on native frogs in the context of behavioral response (feeding aversion) and physiological resistance to toad toxins. Here, we compared the consumption tendency and toxin resistance of R. pirica from several sites with different histories of toad invasion (0 to >100 years exposure). We found no evidence of adaptive response to invasive toads. The vast majority of R. pirica tadpoles from all sites readily consumed toad hatchlings and died, regardless of time since invasion or whether hatchlings were from sympatric versus allopatric toad populations. In contrast, tadpoles of a closely related species (Rana ornativentris), which co‐occurs naturally with B. j. formosus on Honshu, readily consumed toad hatchlings without ill effect. Our results indicate that the lethal toxic effect of the alien toads on native frogs on Hokkaido is maintained over long time periods without mitigation through adaptation.
New types of ATP‐grasp ligase are associated with the novel pathway for complicated mycosporine‐like amino acid production in desiccation‐tolerant cyanobacteria
Authors: Zhang Zhong‐Chun , Wang Kai , Hao Fu‐Hua , Shang Jin‐Long , Tang Hui‐Ru , Qiu Bao‐Sheng 
Published: August 2021

SummaryMycosporine‐like amino acids (MAAs) were widespread in diverse organisms to attenuate UV radiation. We recently characterized the large, complicated MAA mycosporine‐2‐(4‐deoxygadusolyl‐ornithine) in desert cyanobacterium Nostoc flagelliforme. Synthesis of this MAA requires the five‐gene cluster mysABDC2C3. Here, bioinformatic analysis indicated that mysC duplication within five‐gene mys clusters is strictly limited to drought‐tolerant cyanobacteria. Phylogenic analysis distinguished these duplicated MysCs into two clades that separated from canonical MysCs. Heterologous expression of N. flagelliforme mys genes in Escherichia coli showed that MysAB produces 4‐deoxygadusol. The ATP‐grasp ligase of MysC3 catalyses the linkage of the δ‐ or ε‐amino group of ornithine/lysine to 4‐deoxygadusol, yielding mycosporine‐ornithine or mycosporine‐lysine respectively. The ATP‐grasp ligase of MysC2 strictly condenses the α‐amino group of mycosporine‐ornithine to another 4‐deoxygadusol. MysD (D‐Ala–D‐Ala ligase) functions following MysC2 to catalyse the formation of mycosporine‐2‐(4‐deoxygadusolyl‐ornithine). High arginine content likely provides a greater pool of ornithine over other amino acids during rehydration of desiccated N. flagelliforme. Duplication of ATP‐grasp ligases is specific for the use of substrates that have two amino groups (such as ornithine) for the production of complicated MAAs with multiple chromophores. This five‐enzyme biosynthesis pathway for complicated MAAs is a novel adaptation of cyanobacteria for UV tolerance in drought environments.
Spatial and social mobility in England and Wales: A sub‐national analysis of differences and trends over time
Authors: Buscha Franz , Gorman Emma , Sturgis Patrick 
Published: August 2021

AbstractRecent studies of social mobility have documented that not only who your parents are, but also where you grow up, substantially influences subsequent life chances. We bring these two concepts together to study social mobility in England and Wales, in three post‐war generations, using linked Decennial Census data. Our findings show considerable spatial variation in rates of absolute and relative mobility, as well as how these have changed over time. While upward mobility increased in every region between the mid‐1950s and the early 1980s, this shift varied across different regions and tailed off for more recent cohorts. We also explore how domestic migration is related to social mobility, finding that those who moved out of their region of origin had higher rates of upward mobility compared to those who stayed, although this difference narrowed over time.
Length of stay outcomes in patients receiving ketamine sedation versus Bier's block anaesthesia for procedural closed fracture reduction: A retrospective audit of paediatric emergency department patients
Authors: Kwong Alex , Aldridge Emogene S , Jayawardana Rachith , Brookwick Anna , Miller Joseph , Buntine Paul G 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo compare length of stay (LOS) for paediatric patients receiving ketamine sedation or Bier's block anaesthesia for procedural closed fracture reduction.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective audit of paediatric ED patients aged 3–18 years presenting at one of three metropolitan hospitals in Victoria, Australia (2012–2017). Outcomes were post‐procedural LOS (PPLOS), total LOS, incidence of ketamine and Bier's block procedures, and recorded adverse effects. Groups were compared using t‐tests. Association between treatment group and admission to a short stay unit (SSU) was assessed using univariate logistic regression.ResultsAcross all three sites, 449 patients were included, 379 of whom received ketamine sedation and 73 of whom underwent Bier's block anaesthesia. Mean age was 9.1 years (ketamine group: 8.3 years; Bier's block group: 13.1 years). Median PPLOS was 75 min shorter for patients who received a Bier's block than for those sedated with ketamine (P < 0.001). Patients sedated with ketamine were also 9.01 times more likely to be admitted to an SSU than those who received Bier's block anaesthesia (95% confidence interval 3.82–21.31, P < 0.001). Ketamine sedation was more common than Bier's block across the three sites. No major adverse events occurred in either group.ConclusionBier's block anaesthesia is a safe alternative to ketamine sedation for paediatric patients presenting to the ED with closed fractures. It is associated with reduced LOS and need for post‐procedural observation. However, ketamine may remain preferable for younger paediatric patients, on whom it places fewer demands for cooperation.
Accuracy of the Vesical Imaging–Reporting and Data System (VIRADS) for pre‐treatment staging of bladder cancer in an Australian cohort
Authors: Huang Shiwei , Bain James , Yiu Ting Wai , Gilbourd Daniel , Haxhimolla Hodo Z , Jain Tarun , Jyoti Rajeev 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionTo evaluate the performance of the Vesical Imaging–Reporting and Data System (VIRADS) in differentiating muscle‐invasive and non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer and whether this reporting system improves inter‐reader agreement.MethodsSixty‐four cases of multiparametric 3 tesla bladder MRI from January 2014 to May 2020 were reviewed retrospectively. T2‐weighted, diffusion and post‐contrast images were reviewed. All magnetic resonance images were reported by a radiologist with 15 years’ experience (Reader 1) and a final year radiology trainee with a special interest in urogenital imaging with 3 years of experience (Reader 2). Both readers were blinded to clinical history and histopathology results when scoring each lesion.ResultsThe sensitivity and specificity for differentiating MIBC and NMIBC were 91% and 68%, respectively, for Reader 1 and 91% and 63%, respectively, for Reader 2. The inter‐reader agreement for assigning VIRADS scores was 0.79. The area under the receiver operator curve for Reader 1 and 2 were not significantly different (Reader 1 = 0.79, Reader 2 = 0.77, P = 0.83).ConclusionsStaging of bladder cancer prior to treatment can be accurately and reliably diagnosed using VIRADS, a novel, standardised reporting system for bladder MRI.
Environmental, social and governance factors and assessing firm value: valuation, signalling and stakeholder perspectives
Authors: Huang Danny Zhao‐Xiang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractResearch continues to uncover gaps in shareholders' consideration of environmental, social and governance (ESG) factors in investment decision‐making. With no one theory able to explain this process, this paper offers three inter‐related perspectives. First, from a valuation viewpoint, it is not clear how ESG factors are incorporated into earnings forecasts. Second, referencing agency and signalling theories, ESG may reduce information asymmetry between management–agents and shareholder–principals. Third, stakeholder and institutional theories situate ESG in a complex multi‐actor, multi‐interest, environment. Further research may reveal the conditions under which ESG information provides signals that augment shareholder assessment of long‐term firm value.
IL‐37 regulates allergic inflammation by counterbalancing pro‐inflammatory IL‐1 and IL‐33
Authors: Schröder Alexandra , Lunding Lars P. , Zissler Ulrich M. , Vock Christina , Webering Sina , Ehlers Johanna C. , Orinska Zane , Chaker Adam , Schmidt‐Weber Carsten B. , Lang Niklas J. , Schiller Herbert B. , Mall Marcus A. , Fehrenbach Heinz , Dinarello Charles A. , Wegmann Michael 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundChildren with asthma have impaired production of interleukin (IL) 37; in mice, IL‐37 reduces hallmarks of experimental allergic asthma (EAA). However, it remains unclear how IL‐37 exerts its inhibitory properties in asthma. This study aimed to identify the mechanism(s) by which IL‐37 controls allergic inflammation.MethodsIL‐37 target cells were identified by single‐cell RNA‐seq of IL‐1R5 and IL‐1R8. Airway tissues were isolated by laser‐capture microdissection and examined by microarray‐based gene expression analysis. Mononuclear cells (MNC) and airway epithelial cells (AECs) were isolated and stimulated with allergen, IL‐1β, or IL‐33 together with recombinant human (rh) IL‐37. Wild‐type, IL‐1R1– and IL‐33–deficient mice with EAA were treated with rhIL‐37. IL‐1β, IL‐33, and IL‐37 levels were determined in sputum and nasal secretions from adult asthma patients without glucocorticoid therapy.ResultsIL‐37 target cells included AECs, T cells, and dendritic cells. In mice with EAA, rhIL‐37 led to differential expression of >90 genes induced by IL‐1β and IL‐33. rhIL‐37 reduced production of Th2 cytokines in allergen‐activated MNCs from wild‐type but not from IL‐1R1–deficient mice and inhibited IL‐33–induced Th2 cytokine release. Furthermore, rhIL‐37 attenuated IL‐1β– and IL‐33–induced pro‐inflammatory mediator expression in murine AEC cultures. In contrast to wild‐type mice, hIL‐37 had no effect on EAA in IL‐1R1– or IL‐33–deficient mice. We also observed that expression/production ratios of both IL‐1β and IL‐33 to IL‐37 were dramatically increased in asthma patients compared to healthy controls.ConclusionIL‐37 downregulates allergic airway inflammation by counterbalancing the disease‐amplifying effects of IL‐1β and IL‐33.
Improvement to the subjective well‐being of pet ownership may have positive psychological influence during COVID‐19 epidemic
Authors: Xin Xing , Cheng Ling , Li Shufang , Feng Ling , Xin Yinjuan , Wang Shaoshuai 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 epidemic and government intervention measures may have adverse effects on people's mental health. To explore the influence of pets on the intervention of people's psychological problems during the COVID‐19 epidemic, an online survey was carried out between April 9 and April 29, 2020. A total of 756 participants replied to this questionnaire. Mental health variables were assessed, and the comparison of behavior changes among pet owners and pets on positive mental well‐being during COVID‐19 epidemic. Comparative analysis was performed; compared with individuals without pets (n = 575), pet owners (n = 181) had a higher prevalence of insomnia (p = 0.006). Living in Wuhan city was a risk factor for people with psychological stress (p < 0.05). Dog owners exhibited lower than average scores of insomnia and uncertainty of infection than cat owners (p = 0.004). People with more than one pet exhibited lower than average scores of depression than having one pet (p = 0.040). For analysis of psychological effects of pets on people, the role of pets in subjective feeling and positive psychological changes of pet owner was significantly different. Pet owners relieve that psychological pressure through behavioral changes towards their pets in early stage. Pets provided positive subjective well‐being and psychological effects for their owners.
Racial inequities in the course of treating perinatal mental health challenges: Results from listening to mothers in California
Authors: Declercq Eugene , Feinberg Emily , Belanoff Candice 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundConcern with depression during the perinatal period has resulted in multiple states enacting legislation to require universal screening of mothers for postpartum depression. Despite this concern, rates of women receiving mental health counseling during pregnancy and postpartum remain low. This study examines factors, especially inequities in race/ethnicity, associated with receiving perinatal mental health counseling.MethodsThis study draws on data from the Listening to Mothers in California survey of 2539 women, based on a representative sample of birth certificate files of women who gave birth in 2016. The survey included a series of mental health questions, based on the 4‐item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐4), and questions on the receipt of counseling, whether a practitioner asked respondents about their mental health, and whether the respondent was taking medications for anxiety or depression.ResultsWe found non‐Latina Black women to experience both higher rates of prenatal depressive symptoms and significantly lower use of postpartum counseling services and medications than non‐Latina White women. Among women with depressive symptoms, those asked by a practitioner about their mental health status reported a 46% rate of counseling compared with 20% who were not asked, and in a multivariable analysis, those asked were almost six times more likely (aOR 5.96; 95% CI 1.6‐21.7) to report counseling.DiscussionThese findings lend evidence to those advocating for state laws requiring universal screening for depressive symptoms to reduce inequities and help address the underuse of counseling services among all women with depressive symptoms, particularly women of color.
A polygenic risk score for asthma in a large racially diverse population
Authors: Sordillo Joanne E. , Lutz Sharon M. , Jorgenson Eric , Iribarren Carlos , McGeachie Michael , Dahlin Amber , Tantisira Kelan , Kelly Rachel , Lasky‐Su Jessica , Sakornsakolpat Phuwanat , Moll Matthew , Cho Michael H. , Wu Ann Chen 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundPolygenic risk scores (PRSs) will have important utility for asthma and other chronic diseases as a tool for predicting disease incidence and subphenotypes.ObjectiveWe utilized findings from a large multiancestry GWAS of asthma to compute a PRS for asthma with relevance for racially diverse populations.MethodsWe derived two PRSs for asthma using a standard approach (based on genome‐wide significant variants) and a lasso sum regression approach (allowing all genetic variants to potentially contribute). We used data from the racially diverse Kaiser Permanente GERA cohort (68 638 non‐Hispanic Whites, 5874 Hispanics, 6870 Asians and 2760 Blacks). Race was self‐reported by questionnaire.ResultsFor the standard PRS, non‐Hispanic Whites showed the highest odds ratio for a standard deviation increase in PRS for asthma (OR = 1.16 (95% CI 1.14–1.18)). The standard PRS was also associated with asthma in Hispanic (OR = 1.12 (95% CI 1.05–1.19)) and Asian (OR = 1.10 (95% CI 1.04–1.17)) subjects, with a trend towards increased risk in Blacks (OR = 1.05 (95% CI 0.97–1.15)). We detected an interaction by sex, with men showing a higher risk of asthma with an increase in PRS as compared to women. The lasso sum regression–derived PRS showed stronger associations with asthma in non‐Hispanic White subjects (OR = 1.20 (95% CI 1.18–1.23)), Hispanics (OR = 1.17 (95% 1.10–1.26)), Asians (OR = 1.18 (95% CI 1.10–1.27)) and Blacks (OR = 1.10 (95% CI 0.99–1.22)).ConclusionPolygenic risk scores across multiple racial/ethnic groups were associated with increased asthma risk, suggesting that PRSs have potential as a tool for predicting disease development.
The Diplomatic Museum: A Latourian Perspective on the Civic Role of Museums
Authors: Portin Fredrik , Grinell Klas 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis article offers a Latourian perspective on ICOM’s new definition of a museum. It argues that a thorough understanding of politics as a public practice is needed in order to make the definition practically applicable. The task of the museum will accordingly vary depending on how the meaning of a museum as a “democratising, inclusive and polyphonic” space is explicated. Here a hitherto unchartered aspect of Latour’s political philosophy within museum studies is used to investigate the political nature of museums. It is argued that the new definition calls for museums that are diplomatic institutions open to the public, representing the social and its tangible and intangible heritage with a hope for peace, for the mediation of social tensions.
Diminishing potential for tropical reefs to function as coral diversity strongholds under climate change conditions
Authors: Adam Arne A. S. , Garcia Rodrigo A. , Galaiduk Ronen , Tomlinson Sean , Radford Ben , Thomas Luke , Richards Zoe T. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimForecasting the influence of climate change on coral biodiversity and reef functioning is important for informing policy decisions. Dominance shifts, tropicalization and local extinctions are common responses of climate change, but uncertainty surrounds the reliability of predicted coral community transformations. Here, we use species distribution models (SDMs) to assess changes in suitable coral habitat and associated patterns in biodiversity across Western Australia (WA) under present‐day and future climate scenarios (RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5).LocationCoral reef systems and communities in WA.MethodsWe developed SDMs with model prediction uncertainty analyses, using specimen‐based occurrence records of 188 hermatypic scleractinian coral species and seven variables to estimate present‐day and future changes to coral species distribution and biodiversity patterns in WA under climate change conditions.ResultsWe found that suitable habitat is predicted to increase across all regions in WA under , and scenarios with all tropical and subtropical regions remaining coral biodiversity strongholds. Under the extreme scenario, however, a clear tropicalization trend could be observed with coral species expanding their range to mid‐high latitude regions, while a substantial drop in coral species richness was predicted at low latitude tropical coral reefs, such as the inshore Kimberley and offshore NW reefs. Despite the predicted expansion south, we identified a net decline in coral biodiversity across the WA coastline.Main conclusionsResults from the models predicted higher net coral biodiversity loss at low latitude tropical regions compared with net gains at mid‐high latitude regions under . These results are likely to be representative of latitudinal trends across the Southern Hemisphere and highlight that increases in habitat suitability at higher latitudes may not lead to equivalent biodiversity benefits. Urgent action is needed to limit climate change to prevent spatial erosion of tropical coral communities, extinction events and loss of tropical ecosystem services.