bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative evaluation of biting force in 2mm locking plates with 2mm miniplates in the treatment of mandible fractures: A clinical study
Authors: Soujanya V Shakuntala , Reddy Abhishek , Kranthi K , Pantham Dilip , Keerthi P Durga 
Published: October 2021

1. To compare efficacy of 2mm locking plates with 2mm miniplates in the fixation of mandible fractures and 2. To evaluate and compare the biomechanical function by measuring the bite force at 1st week, 3rd week, 6th week and 3rd month postoperatively in 20 patients divided equally into two study groups.A prospective randomized study was carried out at Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Meghna Institute of Dental Sciences, Nizamabad from 2019 to 2021 to treat consecutive mandibular fractures where patients were randomly divided into two groups each composed of 10 patients where Group A were treated with single 4 holed stainless-steel locking miniplates and Group B with two 4 holed stainless steel conventional mini plates both maintaining a gap of 2.0 mm system. Later assessment was done using bite force recording postoperatively at 1st week, 3rd week, 6th week and 3rd month and with the associated complications like Swelling, Infection, Paresthesia, Mobility between fracture fragments and Hardware failure.When the mean bite force values in right molar region of group A and group B were compared at 1st week, 3rd week, 6th week and 3rd month, there was statistically significant increase in bite force noted in group A when compared to group B at 1st week and 3rd week (P&#60;0.05). But no statistically significant differences were observed at 6th week and 3rd month (P&#62;0.05).When the mean bite force values in the central incisor region of group A and group B were compared at 1st week, 3rd week, 6th week and 3rd month, there was statistically significant increase in bite force noted in group A compared to group B at 1st week and 3rd week (P&#60;0.05). But no statistically significant differences were observed at 6th week and 3rd month (P&#62;0.05).When the mean bite force values in left molar region of group A and group B were compared at 1st week, 3rd week, 6th week and 3rd month, there was statistically significant increase in bite force noted in group A when compared group B at 3rd week (P&#60;0.05). But no statistically significant differences were observed at 1st week, 6th week and 3rd month (P&#62;0.05).The study signifies that both the fixation systems were able to provide stability to fracture segments, but locking plate system has provided better stability when compared to miniplates system, hence recommending for more elaborative studies to arrive at definitive conclusion.
Comparative study of single dose preoperative antibiotic versus five days antibiotic course in preventing surgical site infection for pediatric inguinal herniotomy
Authors: Ranjan Debnath Pinaki , Saha Arnab Kumar , D Rashmi , Gautam Vasu , Khanna Chetna , Kumar Meena Atul , Shah Shalu 
Published: October 2021

To compare single dose preoperative antibiotic versus five days antibiotic course in preventing surgical site infection for the pediatric inguinal herniotomy.The present study was conducted on 100 patients of elective inguinal herniotomy from January 2019 to April 2020 and compared on the basis of single dose preoperative antibiotic versus five days antibiotic course. All the patients were evaluated on the 3rd, 7th and 28th post-operative period and instructions were given to the guardians about wound care and to attend for early follow up if any signs & symptoms of wound infection appear.50% of the patients were treated with prophylactic single dose antibiotic, i.e. inj. Ceftriaxone (30 mg/kg/dose) at the time of induction only and rest 50% were treated with inj. Ceftriaxone(30mg/kg/dose) at the time of induction as well as postoperatively at night followed by four days of oral antibiotic with Syr/Tablet. Cephalexin (25mg/kg/day) three times daily for another 4 days.Surgical Site Infection (SSI) in Group-B (4.0%) was higher than that of Group-A (2.0%) on day 3 but it was not significant (p=0.40). There was no significant difference in health status of the patients of the two groups when compared on post-operative day 7 and day 28 (p=0.99, p=0.99 respectively).Implementation of single dose antibiotic prophylaxis regimes tailored to the prevalent organisms in the institution can result in enormous savings, as the study shows significant reduction in hospital stay with no significant increase in incidence of SSI.
Algorithm for Finding Feedback in a Problem with Constraints for One Class of Nonlinear Control Systems
Authors: Dmitriev Michail G. , Murzabekov Zainelkhriet N. , Mirzakhmedova Gulbanu A. 
Published: October 2021

For a continuous nonlinear control system on a finite time interval with control constraints, where the right-hand side of the dynamics equations is linear in control and linearizable in the vicinity of the zero equilibrium position, we consider the construction of a feedback according to the Kalman algorithm. For this, the solution of an auxiliary optimal control problem with a quadratic functional is used by analogy with the SDRE approach.Since this approach is used in the literature to find suboptimal synthesis in optimal control problems with a quadratic functional with formally linear systems, where all coefficient matrices in differential equations and criteria can contain state variables, then on a finite time interval it becomes necessary to solve a complicated matrix differential Riccati equations, with state-dependent coefficient matrices. This circumstance, due to the nonlinearity of the system, in comparison with the Kalman algorithm for linear-quadratic problems, significantly increases the number of calculations for obtaining the coefficients of the gain matrix in the feedback and for obtaining synthesis with a given accuracy. The proposed synthesis construction algorithm is constructed using the extension principle proposed by V. F. Krotov and developed by V. I. Gurman and allows not only to expand the scope of the SDRE approach to nonlinear control problems with control constraints in the form of closed inequalities, but also to propose a more efficient computational algorithm for finding the matrix of feedback gains in control problems on a finite interval. The article establishes the correctness of the application of the extension principle by introducing analogs of the Lagrange multipliers, depending on the state and time, and also derives a formula for the suboptimal value of the quality criterion. The presented theoretical results are illustrated by calculating suboptimal feedbacks in the problems of managing three-sector economic systems.
Comparison of Style Features for the Authorship Verification of Literary Texts
Authors: Lagutina Ksenia Vladimirovna 
Published: October 2021

The article compares character-level, word-level, and rhythm features for the authorship verification of literary texts of the 19th-21st centuries. Text corpora contains fragments of novels, each fragment has a size of about 50 000 characters. There are 40 fragments for each author. 20 authors who wrote in English, Russian, French, and 8 Spanish-language authors are considered.The authors of this paper use existing algorithms for calculation of low-level features, popular in the computer linguistics, and rhythm features, common for the literary texts. Low-level features include n-grams of words, frequencies of letters and punctuation marks, average word and sentence lengths, etc. Rhythm features are based on lexico-grammatical figures: anaphora, epiphora, symploce, aposiopesis, epanalepsis, anadiplosis, diacope, epizeuxis, chiasmus, polysyndeton, repetitive exclamatory and interrogative sentences. These features include the frequency of occurrence of particular rhythm figures per 100 sentences, the number of unique words in the aspects of rhythm, the percentage of nouns, adjectives, adverbs and verbs in the aspects of rhythm. Authorship verification is considered as a binary classification problem: whether the text belongs to a particular author or not. AdaBoost and a neural network with an LSTM layer are considered as classification algorithms. The experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of rhythm features in verification of particular authors, and superiority of feature types combinations over single feature types on average. The best value for precision, recall, and F-measure for the AdaBoost classifier exceeds 90% when all three types of features are combined.
Text Classification by Genre Based on Rhythm Features
Authors: Lagutina Ksenia Vladimirovna , Lagutina Nadezhda Stanislavovna , Boychuk Elena Igorevna 
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the rhythm of texts of different genres: fiction novels, advertisements, scientific articles, reviews, tweets, and political articles. The authors identified lexico-grammatical figures in the texts: anaphora, epiphora, diacope, aposiopesis, etc., that are markers of the text rhythm. On their basis, statistical features were calculated that describe quantitatively and structurally these rhythm features.The resulting text model was visualized for statistical analysis using boxplots and heat maps that showed differences in the rhythm of texts of different genres. The boxplots showed that almost all genres differ from each other in terms of the overall density of rhythm features. Heatmaps showed different rhythm patterns across genres. Further, the rhythm features were successfully used to classify texts into six genres. The classification was carried out in two ways: a binary classification for each genre in order to separate a particular genre from the rest genres, and a multi-class classification of the text corpus into six genres at once. Two text corpora in English and Russian were used for the experiments. Each corpus contains 100 fiction novels, scientific articles, advertisements and tweets, 50 reviews and political articles, i.e. a total of 500 texts. The high quality of the classification with neural networks showed that rhythm features are a good marker for most genres, especially fiction. The experiments were carried out using the ProseRhythmDetector software tool for Russian and English languages. Text corpora contains 300 texts for each language.
Expression of Slit2 and Robo Receptors in a Sprague-Dawley Rat Glaucoma Model
Authors: Choy Yoon-Jung , Shin Jae-Ho , Choi Jee-Hyun 
Published: October 2021

Background: This study investigated immunoreactive changes in Slit2 and Robo receptors in the retinal ganglion cell layer of a rodent model of acute glaucoma. Methods: Glaucoma model using Sprague-Dawley rats was made via weekly intracameral injections of hyaluronic acid. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured twice weekly for 4 weeks using a rebound tonometer in an experimental group of 10 rats and a control group of five rats for 4 weeks. The trimmed retinas were processed for anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), anti-Slit2 and anti-Robo1, anti-Robo2, anti-Robo3 and anti-Robo4 immunochemical analysis. Result: The IOPs in the experimental group were approximately four times higher than IOPs in the control group. The GFAP, Slit2 and Robo4 immunoreactivity in the experimental group was higher than the corresponding values in the control group. Our results indicate that Slit2 and Robo4 potentially contribute to the progression of high tension glaucoma, especially in inducing ischemic injury.
İşletmelerin Devlet Teşviklerine Eğilimlerinin Ölçülmesi ve Muhasebe Meslek Mensuplarının Katkıları
Authors: GÜNDÜZ Meral , COŞKUN Ahmet 
Published: October 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Uşak ilinde faaliyet gösteren şirketlerin devlet teşviklerinden ne ölçüde yararlandıklarını ve bu teşviklerden yararlanmalarında muhasebe meslek mensubunun katkısını ölçmektir.
Tasarım/Yöntem: Araştırmada Uşak’ta faaliyet gösteren 168 şirkete yüz yüze anket yapılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler Frekans Analizi, Faktör Analizi, Varyans Analizi, Lojistik Regresyon ve Ki-Kare Testleri yapılarak değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmanın sonucunda anket yapılan şirketlerin %57’si devlet teşviklerinden yararlandığı ve devlet teşviklerinden yararlanan şirketlerin %36’sı bu konuda serbest muhasebeci mali müşavirlerinden destek aldıkları tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca mali müşavirlerinin devlet teşviklerine ilişkin verdiği bu destek sonucunda şirketlerin ihracatlarının, satışlarının, üretimlerinin ve kârlılıklarının arttığı belirlenmiştir.
Sınırlılıklar: Örneklemin sadece Uşak’ta faaliyet gösteren şirketlerden oluşması araştırmanın sınırlılıklarıdır.
Özgünlük/Değer: Literatürde devlet teşviklerine ilişkin birçok çalışma yapılmasına rağmen, şirketlerin devlet teşviklerinden yararlanmalarında ve devlet teşviklerinden elde ettikleri faydalarda serbest muhasebeci mali müşavirlerin etkisinin ölçülmesi bakımından daha önce benzer bir çalışmanın yapılmamış olması araştırmanın özgün değerini oluşturmaktadır. Bu bakımdan muhasebe meslek mensuplarına ilişkin bundan sonra yapılacak çalışmalara da yol gösterici olacaktır.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KESEGARAN JASMANI, DISIPLIN DAN PERCAYA DIRI TARUNA DENGAN PRESTASI AKADEMIK TARUNA SEKOLAH TINGGI TRANSPORTASI DARAT BEKASI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Santoso Santoso , Sofyan Hanif Achmad , Lubis Johansyah 
Published: October 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari antara Kesegaran Jasmani, disiplin, dan percaya diri dengan prestasi akademik penelitian ini dilakukan di Sekolah Tinggi Transportasi Darat di Bekasi Jawa barat, dengan n = 118 taruna dipilih secara acak. Data dianalisis menggunakan korelasi sederhana, beberapa korelasi, regresi sederhana dan regresi berganda. Hasil analisis data menggunakan teknik korelasi Product Moment pada hubungan antara kesegaran jasmani dengan prestasi akademik, dengan koefisen korelasi sebesar 0,641. Hasil pengujian diperoleh thitung (8,99) lebih besar dari ttabel (2,62) pada Î± = 0,01. Data analisis pada hubungan antara disiplin dengan prestasi akademik, dengan koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,631. Hasil pengujian diperoleh thitung (8,76) > ttabel (2,62) pada Î± = 0,01. Data analisis pada hubungan antara percaya diri dengan prestasi akademik dengan koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,622. Hasil pengujian diperoleh thitung (8,56) > ttabel (2,62) pada Î± = 0,01. Dan data analisis hubungan antara kesegaran jasmani, disiplin dan percaya diri secara bersama-sama dengan prestasi akademik dengan koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,814. Hasil uji signifikannya diperoleh Fhitung (74,61) > Ftabel (3,96) pada Î± = 0,01. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ada korelasi positif antara: (1) Kesegaran Jasmani dan prestasi akademik, (2) disiplin dan prestasi akademik, (3) percaya diri dan prestasi akademik, dan (4) Kesegaran jasmani, disiplin, dan percaya diri secara bersama-sama dengan prestasi akademik. Oleh karena itu, prestasi akademik dapat di tingkatkan dengan meningkatkan Kesegaran Jasmani, disiplin, dan percaya diri
Team Approach: Management of an Acute L4-L5 Disc Herniation
Authors: Buser Zorica , Tekmyster Gene , Licari Hannah , Lantz Justin M. , Wang Jeffrey C. 
Published: October 2021

» Lumbar disc herniation is one of the most common spinal pathologies, often occurring at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels. The highest incidence has been reported in patients between the fourth and sixth decades of life.» The severity of symptoms is influenced by the patient’s risk factors, the location, and the extent and type of disc herniation.» Lumbar disc herniation can be effectively treated with multiple treatment protocols. In most cases, first-line treatment includes oral analgesic medication, activity modification, and physical therapy. When nonoperative treatments do not provide adequate relief, patients may elect to undergo a fluoroscopically guided contrast-enhanced epidural steroid injection. A subgroup of patients whose condition is refractory to any type of nonoperative modalities will proceed to surgery, most commonly an open or minimally invasive discectomy.» The treatment algorithm for symptomatic lumbar disc herniation often is a stepwise approach: failure of initial nonoperative measures leads to more aggressive treatment when symptoms mandate and, as such, necessitates the use of a multidisciplinary team approach. The core team should consist of an interventional physiatrist, an orthopaedic surgeon, a physician assistant, and a physical therapist. Additional team members may include nurses, radiologists, neurologists, anesthesiologists, spine fellows, psychologists, and case managers.» This review article describes a case scenario that uses a multidisciplinary team approach for the treatment of an acute L4-L5 disc herniation in a 31-year-old patient without any major comorbidities.
Deep-insight visible neural network (DI-VNN) for improving interpretability of a non-image deep learning model by data-driven ontology
Authors: Sufriyana Herdiantri , Wu Yu Wei , Su Emily Chia-Yu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We aimed to provide a framework that organizes internal properties of a convolutional neural network (CNN) model using non-image data to be interpretable by human. The interface was represented as ontology map and network respectively by dimensional reduction and hierarchical clustering techniques. The applicability is to implement a prediction model either to classify categorical or to estimate numerical outcome, including but not limited to that using data from electronic health records. This pipeline harnesses invention of CNN algorithms for non-image data while improving the depth of interpretability by data-driven ontology. However, the DI-VNN is only for exploration beyond its predictive ability, which requires further explanatory studies, and needs a human user with specific competences in medicine, statistics, and machine learning to explore the DI-VNN with high confidence. The key stages consisted of data preprocessing, differential analysis, feature mapping, network architecture construction, model training and validation, and exploratory analysis.
The Efficacy and Acceptability of Exposure Therapy for the Treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Li Haomiao , Huang Tengyue , Tan Shiyu , Xie Siyu , Cheng Qisheng , Xiang Yajie , Zhou Xinyu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is common among children and adolescents who have experienced traumatic events. Exposure therapy (ET) has been shown to be effective in treating PTSD in adults. However, it remains uncertain in children and adolescents. AimsTo evaluate the efficacy and acceptability of ET in children and adolescents with PTSD.MethodWe searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL, ProQuest, LILACS, international trial registries, and others for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessed ET in children and adolescents (aged ≤ 18 years) with PTSD up to August 31, 2020. The primary outcomes were efficacy (the endpoint score from PTSD symptom severity rating scales) and acceptability (all-cause discontinuation), secondary outcomes included efficacy at follow-up (score from PTSD scales at the longest point of follow-up), depressive symptoms (end-point score on depressive symptom severity rating scales) and quality of life/social functioning (end-point score on quality of life/social functioning rating scales).This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020150859).ResultA total of six RCTs including 278 patients assessed ET. The results showed that ET was statistically more efficacious than control groups (standardized mean differences [SMD]: −0.47, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.91 to −0.03). In subgroup analysis, exposure therapy was more efficacious for patients with single type of trauma (SMD: −1.04, 95%CI: −1.43 to −0.65), and the intervention using prolonged exposure therapy (PE) (SMD: −1.04, 95%CI: −1.43 to −0.65) was superior. Results for secondary outcomes of efficacy at follow-up (SMD: −0.64, 95%CI: −1.17 to −0.10) and depressive symptoms (SMD: −0.58, 95%CI: −0.93 to −0.22) were similar to the findings for efficacy outcome. No statistically significant effects for acceptability and quality of life/social functioning were found.ConclusionET showed superiority in efficacy at post-treatment/follow-up and depressive symptoms improvement in children and adolescents with PTSD. Patients with single type of trauma may benefit more from ET. Moreover, PE could be a better choice.
The Topographic Representation of Time and its Link With Temporal Context and Perception
Authors: Kulashekhar Shrikanth , Maass Sarah , Rijn Hedderik van , Bueti Domenica 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Neuronal tuning and topography are mechanisms widely used in the brain to represent sensory information and also abstract features like time. In humans, temporal topography has been shown in a wide circuit of brain regions. However, it is unclear whether chronotopic maps are specific to vision, whether they map time in an absolute or relative fashion, to what extent they reflect objective or subjective time and whether they are influenced by temporal context. Here we asked human participants to reproduce the durations of sounds in two, partially overlapping, temporal contexts while we record high-spatial resolution fMRI. Both model-based and data driven analyses show the presence of auditory chronomaps in the auditory parabelt, intraparietal sulcus, and in supplementary motor area. Most importantly, when the same physical duration is presented in different temporal contexts, and thus perceived differently, different neuronal units respond to it. Those units are also spatially shifted according to the relative position of the perceived duration within each context. Finally, the pattern of activity is more similar within rather than across contexts suggesting their pivotal role in shaping the maps. These results highlight two important properties of chronomaps: their flexibility of representation and their dependency on the context.
Associations between plasma concentrations of lenvatinib and angiopoietin and clinical responses to lenvatinib therapy in Japanese patients with thyroid cancer
Authors: Kumagai Maho , Nagahama Mitsuji , Akamine Yumiko , Ozeki Tomoko , Suzuki Akifumi , Sugino Kiminori , Ito Koichi , Miura Masatomo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among plasma concentrations (C0) of lenvatinib, angiopoietin (Ang)-1 and Ang-2, and clinical responses to lenvatinib therapy in thyroid cancer patients. The median change rates of Ang-1 and Ang-2 at 1 month after treatment from baseline in all patients were − 15.3% and − 48.4%, respectively. However, the change of Ang-1 and Ang-2 at 1 month from baseline did not correlate with lenvatinib C0. In patients with partial response (PR) and stable disease to lenvatinib, Ang-2 at 1 month were significantly lower than Ang-2 at baseline (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively), but were not significantly lower in patients with progressive disease. The area under the ROC for PR prediction was 0.667, giving the best sensitivity (69.2%) and specificity (73.9%) at a threshold of the change rate of Ang-2 of -49.83%. In patients who continued treatment with lenvatinib for 1 year, Ang-2 at 1 month and 1 year were significantly lower than those at baseline (each P < 0.001). The change of Ang-2 at 1 month after treatment from baseline rather than simply the Ang-2 level at baseline may be important as a biomarker of the inhibitory effect of angiogenesis by lenvatinib.