bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temperature and Precipitation Drive Elevational Patterns of Microbial Beta Diversity in Alpine Grasslands
Authors: Yang Xiaoqin , Li Yue , Niu Bin , Chen Qiuyu , Hu Yilun , Yang Yibo , Song Lili , Wang Jianjun , Zhang Gengxin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms underlying biodiversity patterns is a central issue in ecology, while how temperature and precipitation jointly control the elevational patterns of microbes is understudied. Here, we studied the effects of temperature, precipitation and their interactions on the alpha and beta diversity of soil archaea and bacteria in alpine grasslands along an elevational gradient of 4,300-5,200 m on the Tibetan Plateau. Alpha diversity was examined on the basis of species richness and evenness, and beta diversity was quantified with the recently developed metric of local contributions to beta diversity (LCBD). Typical alpine steppe and meadow ecosystems were distributed below and above 4,850 m, respectively, which was consistent with the two main constraints of mean annual temperature (MAT) and mean annual precipitation (MAP). Species richness and evenness showed decreasing elevational patterns in archaea and nonsignificant or U-shaped patterns in bacteria. The LCBD of both groups exhibited significant U-shaped elevational patterns, with the lowest values occurring at 4,800 m. For the three diversity metrics, soil pH was the primary explanatory variable in archaea, explaining over 20.1% of the observed variation, whereas vegetation richness, total nitrogen and the K/Al ratio presented the strongest effects on bacteria, with relative importance values of 16.1%, 12.5% and 11.6%, respectively. For the microbial community composition of both archaea and bacteria, the moisture index showed the dominant effect, explaining 17.6% of the observed variation, followed by MAT and MAP. Taken together, temperature and precipitation exerted considerable indirect effects on microbial richness and evenness through local environmental and energy supply-related variables, such as vegetation richness, whereas temperature exerted a larger direct influence on LCBD and the community composition. Our findings highlighted the profound influence of temperature and precipitation interactions on microbial beta diversity in alpine grasslands on the Tibetan Plateau.
Trends in the Incidence and Outcome of Sepsis Using Data from a Japanese Nationwide Medical Claims Database -the Japan Sepsis Alliance (JaSA) Study Group-
Authors: Imaeda Taro , Nakada Taka-aki , Takahashi Nozomi , Yamao Yasuo , Nakagawa Satoshi , Ogura Hiroshi , Shime Nobuaki , Umemura Yutaka , Matsushima Asako , Fushimi Kiyohide 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Trends in the incidence and outcomes of sepsis using a Japanese nationwide database were investigated.Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study. Adult patients, who had both presumed serious infections and acute organ dysfunction, between 2010 and 2017 were extracted using a combined method of administrative and electronic health record data from the Japanese nationwide medical claim database, which covered 71.5% of all acute care hospitals in 2017. Presumed serious infection was defined using blood culture test records and antibiotic administration. Acute organ dysfunction was defined using records of diagnosis according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision, and records of organ support. The primary outcome variables were the annual incidence of sepsis and death in sepsis per 1,000 inpatients. The secondary outcome variables were in-hospital mortality rate and length of hospital stay in patients with sepsis. Results: The analyzed dataset included 50,490,128 adult inpatients admitted between 2010 and 2017. Of these, 2,043,073 (4.0%) patients had sepsis. During the 8-year period, the annual proportion of patients with sepsis significantly increased (slope=+0.30%/year, P<0.0001), accounting for 4.9% of the total inpatients in 2017. The annual death rate of sepsis per 1,000 inpatients significantly increased (slope=+1.8/1,000 inpatients year, P=0.0001), accounting for 8.4 deaths per 1,000 inpatients in 2017. The in-hospital mortality rate and mean length of hospital stay significantly decreased (P<0.001) over the study period and were 18.3% and 41.9 days in 2017, respectively.Conclusions: The Japanese nationwide data indicate that the annual incidence of sepsis and death in inpatients with sepsis significantly increased; however, the annual mortality rates and length of hospital stay in patients with sepsis significantly decreased. The increasing incidence of sepsis and death in sepsis appear to be a significant and ongoing issue.
Association Among Abdominal Obesity Induces, Diabetic Retinopathy and Metabolic Syndrome in Community: a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Li Xin , Yu Zi-Wei , Yang Chang-Wei , Hao Ming , Gao Xin-Yuan , Kuang Hong-Yu , Yu Yong , Peng Xu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background and aims: Obesity often coexists with diabetes has been recognized as a risk factor for diabetic complications. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) is one of the most common symptoms of diabetes. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between DR and some induces, including NC, CVAI, PWNC and so on; as well as the relationship between DR and MetS.Methods: From 2018 to 2019, a total of 562 diabetics from the Hulan District of Harbin, Heilongjiang, were selected and completed a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire included basic patient information, anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, biochemical parameters and fundus photography results.Results: In both men and women, a one standard deviation (SD) increase in NC、CVAI and PWNC was not associated with the prevalence of DR (P>0.05). However, in both men and women, a one SD increase in NC、CVAI and PWNC was significantly associated with the prevalence of MetS (P<0.05). These association were all adjusted for potential confounding factors. Moreover, DR was not associated with MetS(P>0.05).Conclusions: NC, CVAI and PWNC are associated with the prevalence of MetS. NC in men and CVAI in women had the largest area under the ROC curve compared to the other induces, which may be convenient and valuable anthropometric measurements for early prevention of MetS. However, these induces had no association with DR and there is no relationship between DR and MetS.
Association of Post-Operative Radiotherapy With Survival in Resected N2 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Chemotherapy
Authors: Zeng Yuan , Liu Jun , Wan Minghui , Li Qiwen , Liu Hui , Cui Fei , Hao Zhexue , Wang Wei , Jiang Long , Liang Wenhua , He Jianxing 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroupThe current staging system for completely resected pathologic N2 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with chemotherapy is not suitable for predicting those patients most likely to benefit or not from post-operative radiotherapy (PORT). This study aimed to construct a survival prediction model that will enable individualized predictions of the net survival difference of PORT.MethodsA total of 3094 cases between 2002 and 2014 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results databases. Patient characteristics were included as covariates, and their association for overall survival (OS) with and witout PORT was assessed. Externally validate data of 602 patients were included from China.ResultsAge, gender, examined lymph node, positive lymph node, tumor size, extent of surgery, and visceral pleural invasion were significantly associated with OS (P < .05). The two nomograms were developed based on clinical variables to estimate an individual's net survival difference attributable to PORT. The calibration curve for OS showed great agreement between prediction by survival prediction model and actual observation. In the training cohort, the C-index for OS was 0.619 (95% CI, 0.598-0.641) in the PORT group and 0.627 (95% CI, 0.605-0.648) in the non-PORT group. We found that PORT could improve OS (HR, 0.861; P = 0.044) for patients with a positive PORT net survival difference. Conclusions﻿We established a practical survival prediction model that can be used to make individualized estimate of the net survival difference of PORT and without PORT in patients with completely resected N2 NSCLC, treated with chemotherapy.
Urosepsis secondary to ureterosciatic hernia corrected with ureteral stent placement: A case report and literature review
Authors: Kakimoto Kohei , Hikone Mayu , Nagai Ko , Yamakawa Jun , Sugiyama Kazuhiro , Hamabe Yuichi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundUreterosciatic hernia is a rare type of pelvic floor herniation that occurs through the sciatic foramen. The resulting ureteral obstruction may lead to hydronephrosis and to further complications including urinary tract infection and urosepsis. There have been 30 reported cases of ureterosciatic hernia. Ureteral stenting and surgical repair have been used as treatment options.Case PresentationWe report the case of an 86-year-old woman who was transferred to our hospital with symptoms of fever and septic shock. Her computed tomography scan revealed left hydronephrosis and deviation of the left ureter into the sciatic foramen; she was therefore diagnosed with a left ureteral sciatic hernia, and admitted in our intensive care unit for further treatment with resuscitative fluids, vasopressors, and antibiotics. Following a retrograde insertion ureteral catheter insertion, ureteral incarceration was relieved, and a double-J ureteral stent was placed in situ. Antibiotic treatment was initiated, and the patient’s hemodynamic status gradually improved.ConclusionsAlthough ureterosciatic hernia is a rare disorder, it is associated with serious complications including urinary tract infection with sepsis, which may warrant urgent corrective procedure to relieve the structural obstruction. Treatment may be conservative or surgical, though treatment with ureteral stent placement may be a favorable approach in elderly patients with multiple comorbidities presenting with urosepsis.
Comparison of combined intraarticular (IA) and intravenous (IV) administration of tranexamic acid with IA and IV alone in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty without drainage catheter: a clinical trial study
Authors: Bagheri Nima , Amini Mohammad Amin , Pourahmad Arezu , Vosughi Farzad , Moharrami Alireza , Mortazavi Seyed Mohammad Javad 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose

we aim to determine the most effective route for TXA administration (among IA, IV, combined IA/IV) for TKA surgeries using tourniquet without drainage catheters
Methods

We performed a double-blinded clinical trial on a total of 147 TKA candidates. The amount of blood loss and hemoglobin drop were evaluated in three matched case groups administered TXA during the TKA either via IV, IA or IV plus IA route. Drainage catheter was used for none of the cases.
Results

The combined group showed an average blood loss of 630 ± 252 ml which was significantly lower than the IV group (878 ± 268 ml, P-value < 0.01) and the IA group (774 ± 288 ml, P-value = 0.03). Besides, the mean hemoglobin and hematocrit drop was significantly lower in the combined group compared to the other two groups, 48 and 72 hours postoperatively (P value < 0.05).
Conclusions

The TXA administration via IV plus IA route had 28% and 19% reduction of blood loss in comparison with using the TXA via IV alone and IA alone methods respectively. Therefore, given the surgery is performed with tourniquet application, TXA usage via IV plus IA route may be a more effective way for reducing the perioperative blood loss in TKA cases in patients undergoing TKA without drain placement.
Using the Winglet Toe and Twist Angle to Improve Wing Aerodynamics Performance
Authors: Al-Khafaji Ali Jabbar , Panatov Gennady S. , Boldyrev Anton S. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we study the effect of winglet Toe & Twist angle on the wing of the aircraft aerodynamics performances and how to improve it, we analyze the aerodynamics properties of the wing with winglets with Cant angle 60o and winglet span = 3.5 m, we test wings with different toe angles (+10o, +5o, 0o, -5o, and -10o) and twisted angles (+5o, 0o, and +5o) and all model are tested for four Angle of attack AOA (0o, 3o, 6o, and 9o). Then calculate the value of L/D to decide which wing has a high value of lift and lower drag. All models of a wing (sixty models) are drawn for 3D using the SOLIDWORKS program where we used Boeing 737-800 wing dimensions. Then all models of a wing were analyzed using ANSYS FLUENT.
Platelet–Tumor Cell Hybrid Membrane-Camouflaged Nanoparticles for Enhancing Therapy Efficacy in Glioma
Authors: Wu Lingling , Li Qin , Deng Junjie , Xu Weide , Chen Bingyu , Du Yaoqiang , Zhang Wei , Ge Feihang , Lei Siyun , Shen Jinglan , Li Kaiqiang , Wang Zhen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Cell membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles are drawing increasing attention because their surfaces retain the natural functionalities of the cell plasma membranes, making them a unique class of biomimetic materials combining natural and synthetic components. Modifying the cell membranes or combining the functions of different types of membranes enhances their functionality. Herein, we prepared platelet and tumor cell membrane camouflaged antitumor nanoparticles. The effects of β-mangostin-loaded nanoparticles on the target and its anticancer action in glioma were measured in vitro and in vivo. Multifunctional nanoparticles were manufactured with platelet–C6 hybrid biomimetic coating (PCM), lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), and β-mangostin. PCM increased the proportion of active drug targeting in C6 and immune escape characteristics in THP-1 cells, thus enhancing the cytotoxicity of β-PCNPs. The β-PCNPs were comprehensively characterized to study the inherent properties of both source cells. Compared with bare β-NPs, β-PCNPs exhibited high tumor-targeting ability and induced apoptosis of C6 cells in vitro. Mice experiments with intravenous administration of the drug revealed that the β-PCNP platform enhanced the tumor targeting capability and exhibited excellent chemotherapy with high inhibition rate of glioma tumor growth in vivo. The mice in the β-PCNP group had a markedly prolonged circulation lifetime and exhibited better outcome than those in the β-NP group. These results provide a new strategy of utilizing PCNPs as carriers for drug delivery, which improves the targeting efficiency and therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents for glioma therapy.
Molecular Dynamics Modeling of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein at PH2 Through PH11.5
Authors: Niu Ziyuan , Zhang Peng , Rafailovich Miriam , Simon Marcia , Song Meichen , Deng Yuefan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The spike glycoprotein (S protein) of the SARS-CoV-2 that has be studied extensively in vitro is modeled by all-atom molecular dynamics for its conformational states at six pH values ranging from 2 to 11.5. The MD simulations up to 3.7 T demonstrate interesting discoveries while confirming known facts. (1). At pH2, the protein’s time averaged RMSD is 62.5% higher than that of pH7, as the control group, and the receptor binding domain (RBD) deviates from that of pH7 by 200%. (2). For pH4 through pH10.5, the S protein remains relatively stable evident by the invariance of the side chain H bond counts and RMSD from pH7, suggesting high tolerance of the S protein to a wide range of pH values other than the extreme acidic and basic conditions. (3). For pH2 to pH4, the structure of the S protein alters significantly, suggesting the existence of a critical pH value at which the S protein responds to acid sharply. (4). In the residue-based relative entropy analysis, we identify several RBM and RBD residue clusters with maximum deviations that cause the overall protein structure changes.
Optimal Liquid Spawn Conditions and Grain Medium Enhanced Hispidin Production by Phellinus linteus in Solid-State Fermentation
Authors: Liang Chih-Hung , Wu Chiu-Yeh , Ou Chin-Hao , Liang Zeng-Chin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to screen a highest hispidin production of strain from 12 strains of Phellinus, and to evaluate the effects of liquid spawn conditions and grain medium on this strain’s hispidin production levels after solid-state fermentation. Results showed that the P. linteus 04 led to the highest hispidin production, this strain was then selected to elucidate the optimal liquid spawn conditions and grain medium for hispidin production. Various liquid spawn conditions were evaluated, and the highest hispidin yield, specific productivity of hispidin, and total content of hispidin were found to be optimal at 1 week of liquid spawn age, cultured with potato dextrose borth, and using 10 % inoculum rate, with each condition resulting to 0.350, 0.325, and 0.328 mg/g dry weight of mycelium, 0.352, 0.251, and 0.249 µg/mg week− 1 specific productivity, 57.90, 60.23, and 61.77 mg/kg dry weight of brown rice medium, respectively. These liquid spawn conditions were then used to determine the appropriate grain medium for hispidin production. The highest hispidin yield and total content of hispidin were observed in pearl barley which resulted in 1.107 mg/g dry weight of mycelium and 199.76 mg/kg dry weight of pearl barley, which led to results that were 4.73-fold and 5.35-fold higher than those of control (brown rice medium). Overall, this study shows that P. linteus hispidin production can be enhanced by solid-state fermentation using optimal liquid spawn conditions and the appropriate grain medium.
Systematic Analysis of Sugar Unloading And Accumulation Mechanism In Sucrose- And Hexose- Accumulating Tomato Fruits
Authors: Sun Lulu , Wang Jianli , Song Jian , Du Xueni , Liu Wenke , Zhao Wenchao , Yang Liu , Li Changbao , Qin Yong , Yang Rui 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Sugar is the key factor in the formation of fruit quality. Hexose is the main form of sugar accumulated in ordinary cultivated tomatoes, while a small number of wild-type tomato varieties can also accumulate sucrose. Although several studies have focused on wild sucrose-accumulating tomatoes, the sugar accumulation mechanism in tomato is still unclear. Here, two cherry tomatoes lines that accumulated sucrose and hexose respectively were selected to analyze the assimilates unloading pathway and sugar accumulation mechanism using CF tracing, cytological observation, proteomics methods, etc. The results indicated that the later stages of fruit development were key stages for sugar accumulation, and sucrose-accumulating (S) cherry tomatoes had higher sucrose contents in the fruits, while hexose-accumulating (H) cherry tomatoes accumulated more glucose, fructose and starch. The unloading pathway of assimilates in the S cherry tomato was switched from apoplastic to symplastic during fruit development, and the opposite was true in the H type. Plasmodesmata transport may be the main means of sucrose accumulation and high activity or expression levels of acid invertase (AI) and SUT1 may be important factors in hexose accumulation in H and S cherry tomatoes, respectively. In addition to sugar metabolism, photosynthesis, fatty acid metabolism and other secondary metabolism pathways also play important roles in sugar accumulation. This study provides detailed evidence for the tomato sugar accumulation mechanism from the perspective of cell structure, physiology and molecular biology, providing a theoretical basis for the improvement of tomato quality and aiding the utilization of tomato genetic resources.
Factors Affecting the Outcome of Lower Extremity Osteomyelitis Treated With Microvascular Free Flaps: An Analysis of 65 Patients
Authors: Thai Duy Quang , Jung Yeon Kyo , Hahn Hyung Min , Lee Il Jae 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Free flaps have been a useful modality in the management of lower extremity osteomyelitis particularly in limb salvage. This study aimed to determine the factors affecting the outcome of free flap reconstruction in the treatment of osteomyelitis.Methods: This retrospective study assessed 65 osteomyelitis patients treated with free flap transfer from 2015 to 2020. The treatment outcomes were evaluated in term of the flap survival rate, recurrence rate of osteomyelitis, and amputation rate. The correlation between outcomes and comorbidities, causes of osteomyelitis, and treatment modalities was analyzed. The following factors were considered: smoking, peripheral artery occlusive disease, renal disease, diabetic foot ulcer, flap types, using antibiotic beads and negative pressure wound therapy. Result: Among the 65 patients, 21 had severe peripheral arterial occlusive disease. Osteomyelitis developed from diabetic foot ulcers in 28 patients. Total flap failure was noted in six patients, and osteomyelitis recurrence was noted in eight patients, for which two patients underwent amputation surgery during the follow-up period. Only end-stage renal disease had a significant correlation with the recurrence rate (odds ratio = 16.5, p = 0.011). There was no significant relationship between outcomes and the other factors. Conclusion: This study showed that free flaps could be safely used for the treatment of osteomyelitis in patients with comorbidities and those who had osteomyelitis developing from diabetic foot ulcers. However, care should be taken in patients diagnosed with end-stage renal disease.
Power to Gas Plant Design, Modelling and Control for Precise and Flexible Methane Production
Authors: Šundrica Marijo , Vašak Mario , Maroušek Joseph , Bieringer Tim 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Production of green electrical energy and green natural gas are the main goals of zero-carbon emission policy. Power to Gas plants (P2G) can be used to overcome difficulties with increase in intermittent renewable energy production, gas shortages and organic waste management. In this paper, a design, a model, and a control system for a Power to Gas plant is proposed. To achieve a high performance P2G plant, its design is based on biochar gasification and biological methanation processes. With the given mathematical models of electrolysis, gasification and methanation, calculation of needed feedstock and energy consumption as well as calculation of produced methane becomes easy obtainable. Proposed control system enables to precisely follow frequent operation change requests due to dynamical conditions in leaned electricity or gas grids. Simulation study of the automated plant operation using Matlab/Simulink has been done. This research gives all prerequisites for optimal sizing and planning of the P2G plant operation in dynamic technical and economic conditions.