bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Un groupe de sculptures monumentales impériales réemployées dans du bâti du XVIIIe s. à Nîmes
Authors: Pellé Richard 
Published: February 2021

En 2004, un diagnostic archéologique a été effectué Place du Chapitre à Nîmes, sur des dépendances du Palais Episcopal. Dans les fondations des écuries bâties vers 1760, de nombreux éléments de mobilier lapidaire et de sculptures ont été trouvés.Un groupe de sculptures a attiré notre attention. Il s’agit de 2 statues en ronde-bosse, étêtées, en calcaire oolithique et façonnées pour moitié, la face arrière étant seulement dégrossie. Sans savoir dans quel monument peut s’insérer ce groupe, il est intéressant de noter la similitude de facture qui atteste d’une main unique.Ces statues d’une dimension supérieure à la nature représentent des hommes, l’un en toge et l’autre en tenue militaire ; quelques fragments appartiennent aussi à une statue féminine en longue tunique.Si les deux personnages vêtus civilement n’apportent pas d’éléments d’identification mais quelques indices de datation, le troisième personnage porte une cuirasse sans cinctorium, le paludamentum jeté sur l’avant-bras droit et un emblème sur le plastron : le gorgoneion. Il pourrait s’agir d’une statue impériale, d’un officier de très haut rang ou de la représentation d’une divinité guerrière.
Les « chapiteaux à têtes » de Château-Bas à Vernègues (13). Premières réflexions sur les chapiteaux figurés pré-augustéens de Gaule du Sud
Authors: Agusta-Boularot Sandrine 
Published: February 2021

Le site de Château-Bas (Vernègues, 13), surtout connu pour son temple romain augustéen, a livré une série cohérente de quatre chapiteaux décorés de figures humaines ou divines. La datation antique de ces pièces ne fait aucun doute : même s’ils sont de facture différente, ces chapiteaux doivent être rapprochés des « chapiteaux à têtes » de Glanum datés de la fin du IIe s. av. J.-C. L’étude architecturale et iconographique des fragments et leur mise en regard avec d’autres chapiteaux figurés de Gaule du Sud et d’Italie centro-méridionale permettent de suggérer une datation entre le dernier quart du IIe et le dernier quart du Ier s. av. J.-C. (125-25). Trouvés hors de tout contexte archéologique, on ne peut rapporter ces chapiteaux à aucun monument spécifique. Néanmoins, ils s’accordent bien avec l’occupation pré-augustéenne du site, bien attestée par les fouilles récentes.
Nouveautés sur une trentaine de pièces sculptées conservées à Lyon
Authors: Fellague Djamila 
Published: February 2021

Lors d’une étude sur les monuments publics de Lugdunum, nous avions entrepris divers dépouillements d’imprimés et d’archives pour retrouver la provenance oubliée de blocs. Ce travail, non exhaustif, était indispensable pour apporter du nouveau sur les monuments antiques à partir d’un corpus élargi de leur membra disjecta. Dans cette quête, nous notions parfois des informations concernant la sculpture. Ces Rencontres autour de la Sculpture Romaine ont été l’occasion de rassembler cette documentation éparse en la complétant et en s’attachant principalement à rétablir la provenance de quelques sculptures. Ce simple établissement de faits, s’il peut s’avérer ennuyeux, peut aussi avoir quelque utilité. Dans plusieurs cas, ces informations apportent un nouvel éclairage sur une pièce : sur sa nature, sa fonction, sa chronologie ou encore sur un remploi qui lui a donné un sens différent. Dans un second temps, des pièces inédites sont présentées brièvement.
Pietra viva : mouvement implicite, semblant de vie et anthropologie de l’art
Authors: Severi Carlo 
Published: February 2021

Comment « danse » une peinture ? Comment peut-elle sembler « vivante » ? À travers l’analyse de deux œuvres de Mantegna, cet article se propose de montrer qu’une image en perspective, considérée du point de vue de la polarisation entre ritrarre et imitare qui caractérise l’art italien du Quattrocento, semble vivante lorsqu’elle apparaît à la fois comme animée et inanimée. Il s’agit non seulement, dans le cas de Mantegna, de donner l’image d’un corps peint comme s’il était vivant ; il faut aussi que cette image se rapproche d’une image de la mort et de la pierre inanimée.
Méreau, Rousseau et la fête dégenrée des corps dansants
Authors: Vallejos Juan Ignacio 
Published: February 2021

Cet article, fondé sur une lettre adressée à Rousseau par le maître de danse Charles Hubert Méreau, publiée en 1763, décline une analyse en deux volets : d’une part, on décrit le cas de Méreau comme celui d’un maître de danse érudit qui, par son geste polémique, déstabilise les rapports entre danse, classe et savoir au sein du milieu philosophique des Lumières. D’autre part, on se concentre sur l’enjeu principal du débat, à savoir le rôle des femmes dans l’apprentissage et la pratique de la danse. La réponse de Rousseau à Méreau nous permet de mesurer l’importance du concept politique et esthétique de « fête idéale » conçue comme l’expression d’une égalité radicale, et celle d’une « danse du plaisir » qui conduit vers une conception protéenne du genre tendant à dépasser le modèle fixe d’une fraternité patriarcale.
Vertige du corps : le cubisme tchèque et la danse
Authors: Kolářová Petra 
Published: February 2021

L’article étudie les relations du cubisme tchèque à la danse moderne dans la seconde décennie du xxe siècle et, en particulier, les conceptions plastiques et dynamiques du corps dans l’espace qu’il développe en réponse à la danse conçue comme un vecteur de formes spirituelles. Dans la peinture d’Otakar Kubín, des figures géométrisées, proches de la pensée chorégraphique de Rudolf von Laban, représentent un éveil spirituel de l’homme moderne à travers une dynamique du corps. Le sculpteur Otto Gutfreund crée quant à lui une sculpture cubiste composée de plans géométriques qui transmet le rythme et la dynamique propres à la danse, à rebours de la conception de la « plastique animée » d’Émile Jaques-Dalcroze. L’architecte Jiří Kroha réalise, à son tour, un aménagement cubo-futuriste au café Montmartre, à Prague, en 1919, où l’espace architectural et la danse sont conçus comme un tout dynamique dans lequel l’un et l’autre se répondent par les rythmes de leurs formes.
« L’impersonnelle beauté [de] l’être-foule » : Girls et cinéma dans la France de l’entre-deux-guerres
Authors: Guido Laurent 
Published: February 2021

L’étude de la réception des Girls, numéro de music-hall en vogue au début du xxe siècle, permet de mieux saisir les tensions culturelles propres à cette époque. Les mouvements collectifs de ces troupes de danseuses sont alors perçus comme la reformulation corporelle des rythmes imposés par la modernité industrielle. Si leur présence en Allemagne a largement été commentée, notamment par le biais de la lecture critique de Siegfried Kracauer, l’impact de ce même phénomène en France révèle une fascination assumée pour le caractère mécanique des Girls. Celles-ci font en effet écho à des réflexions et des pratiques liées au dispositif cinématographique, qu’il s’agisse des expérimentations d’avant-garde ou des espoirs néo-classiques que suscite le nouveau médium.
« En verve » – Illustrer le livre de cuisine : photographie culinaire et imaginaire pictural
Authors: Cassegrain Guillaume 
Published: February 2021

Livre singulier, notamment par son indécision éditoriale (relevant autant du livre d’art que du livre de cuisine) et par son apparente hétérogénéité (une première partie consacrée à l’histoire des « bonnes manières », une seconde constituée de planches photographiques et une dernière des recettes des Troisgros), Servez citron offre l’occasion de revenir sur l’histoire du livre de recettes et sur le lien entre images et textes qui structure ce type d’ouvrages. Longtemps cantonnée au rang de procédé descriptif, la photographie, affirmant par divers moyens (cadrage, composition, éclairage…) ou artifices (ne prendre, comme le fait ici Éric Poitevin, que des assiettes vides, par exemple) sa dimension artistique, permet de renouveler le genre du livre de cuisine et, agissant comme un révélateur, de dévoiler certains a priori culturels de ces « manières de table » et les mythologies qui en proviennent.
Early orthodontic treatment need among 6-9-year-old children of West Bengal
Authors: Galui Sauvik , Pal Shubhabrata 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Early orthodontic treatments (EOTs), which basically include interceptive and preventive orthodontic procedures, are relatively simple and cost-effective treatment approaches that target developing malocclusions during the mixed dentition period. The present study is aimed to assess the need for EOT among 6–9-year-old children of West Bengal that would benefit from preventive and interceptive orthodontic treatment to prevent or reduce the number of late/corrective orthodontic treatments, which can be complex, lengthy, and costly.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 1129 children from different public and private primary schools of West Bengal were evaluated using index for preventive and interceptive orthodontic need (IPION). On the basis of IPION, the overall scores of children were distributed into three groups – no treatment need, moderate treatment need, and definite treatment need. According to dental development, children were divided into two groups – IPION-6 and IPION-9.

Results:
Among 1129 children examined, 554 children (49.1%) came under the category of no treatment need, 174 children (15.4%) presented with moderate treatment need, and 401 children (35.5%) showed definite treatment need. The IPION groups had a significant effect on treatment need distribution (6 vs. 9, P = 0.010)); the IPION-9 scores were significantly higher than the IPION-6 scores.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of preventive and interceptive orthodontic treatment need is unsatisfactorily high in children of West Bengal, which highlights the importance of including preventive and interceptive orthodontic treatment in local dental health-care programs.
Salivary total protein levels among healthy controls, chronic gingivitis patients and chronic periodontitis patients
Authors: Zin Thaw Htet , Soe Ommar , Thet Yin Mu , Tun Soe , Hein Ye Myat , Thiha Kyaw 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Periodontal diseases are one of the most common chronic infectious and inflammatory diseases in the world that can be diagnosed by clinical, radiographic signs and some biomarkers. Saliva contains locally and systemically derived markers that can aid in the diagnosis of periodontal diseases. The aim of the present study was designed to evaluate salivary total protein levels in patients with chronic gingivitis and chronic periodontitis.

Materials and Methods:
Five milliliters of unstimulated whole saliva samples was collected from a total of 113 individuals; each of the healthy and chronic gingivitis groups was included 39 participants and 35 patients in the chronic periodontitis group. Salivary total protein levels, gingival index (GI), papillary bleeding index (PBI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level were recorded in the respective groups. Salivary protein estimation was done by direct ultraviolet absorption method, and determination was based on biuret method.

Results:
The mean salivary total protein levels in the healthy, chronic gingivitis, and chronic periodontitis groups were 1.52, 2.58, and 6.30 g/dl, respectively. The salivary total protein levels of gingivitis and periodontitis patients were 1.6 and 4.2 times higher than healthy controls, which were statistically significant (P < 0.001). In addition, GI (r = 0.476) and PBI (r = 0.490) were significantly correlated with protein levels in gingivitis patients. However, PPD was significantly correlated with protein contents in only periodontitis patients (r = 0.387).

Conclusions:
Increased total protein levels are related to the severity of periodontal diseases, and it may serve as a biomarker in inflammation of the periodontium.
Growth Performance Of Hybrid Bass And Hybrid Tilapia In Conventional And Active Suspension Intensive Ponds
Authors: Milstein A. , Avnimelech Y. , Zoran M. , Joseph D. 
Published: February 2021

Recently developed, active suspension intensive ponds are based on the idea that fish ponds (aer- ated and mixed as required for the well-being of the fish) can also serve as water purification units. The present paper compares water quality and fish growth in conventional intensive ponds (daily water exchange 500%), with active suspension intensive ponds (daily exchange 8%). The fish test- ed were hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus x O. aureus), already known to perform well in active suspension units, and hybrid bass (Morone saxatilis x M. chrysops), which is commercially cultured in conventional intensive ponds. Water quality in the two types of intensive ponds differed as a result of the “internal water purifi- cation” vs “external water purification” approach. Bacterial development was greater in the active suspension ponds. Several parameters were affected by the different rate of water exchange, including temperature and removal of ammonium. The latter was lower in active suspension ponds due to reduced washout of particles and their associated nitrifying bacteria. Nitrification was greater in tilapia active suspension ponds because of grazing by this fish. Active suspension units operated with less than 2% of the water used in the conventional intensive ponds. Hybrid bass and hybrid tilapia performed similarly well in both types of pond, indicating the economic advantage of culturing them in the water-saving active suspension system. Tilapia graze on suspended parti- cles, leading to additional savings in feed costs. The good performance of hybrid bass in active suspension ponds is herein reported for the first time. • Corresponding author. Email: anamilst@netvision.net.il 2 Email: agyoram@techunix.technion.ac.il
Epitopes Of Tilapia Red Blood Cells. I. Species-Specific Antibodies For The Control Of Tilapia Breeding Stocks
Authors: Timan Bracha , Shirak Andrey , Segal Ruth , Machnes Ziv , Avtalion Ramy R. 
Published: February 2021

Specific antisera against red blood cells of some tilapia species were obtained by reciprocal inter- specific and intergeneric immunizations. The antisera were used to confirm co-dominant expres- sion of epitopes in F1 interspecific hybrids and to identify the parental origin of three red tilapia strains. The antisera in all hybrids (Oreochromis niloticus x O. mossambicus, O. aureus x O. horno- rum, O. niloticus x S. galilaeus and O. niloticus x O. aureus) were positive to both parental strains. However, while all F1 hybrids of O. mossambicus x O. hornorum were positive to anti-O. mossambi- cus antiserum, only 50% were positive to anti-O. hornorum antiserum. In most cases, these results point to co-dominant expression of the species-specific epitopes in hybrids. In addition, the triple parental origins of the Philippine red tilapia (positive for O. aureus, O. mossambicus and O. niloticus epitopes) and of mossambicus red tilapia (positive for O. hornorum, O. mossambicus and O. niloticus epitopes) were assessed. The O. niloticus red tilapia, described as a purebred red variant of O. niloticus, was positive for both anti-O. niloticus and anti-O. aureus antibodies, with a significantly more intense reaction to the latter. A possible genetic basis of this last finding is discussed.
Aquaculture In Turkey
Authors: Memis Devrim , Demir Nilsun , Eroldogan Orhan Tufan , Kucuk Semra 
Published: February 2021

Marine and freshwater aquaculture in Turkey have grown substantially. The first trout farm was established in the 1960s and the first marine cage farm for sea bream and sea bass in 1985. From the beginning of the 1970s to 1999 the number of licensed fish farms increased from two to 1,444. Since 1995, the number of cage farms has grown to 57 and production reached 4,100 tons in 1999. Total aquaculture production grew from 3,075 tons in 1986 to 63,000 tons in 1999. Production is dominated by inland production, mainly of trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), which supplies 60% of the total. From 1995 to 1999, marine production increased from 8,494 tons to 25,230 tons. The major contributors are sea bream (Sparus aurata) and sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Because of the rel- atively high temperatures in the Black Sea, Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), cultured from the late 1980s to 1997, is no longer grown; only rainbow trout (O. mykiss) in floating net cages is produced. Because of the growing demand caused by increased population and export, aquaculture pro- duction and consumption in Turkey are expected to grow. New fish and shellfish species, mainly marine, are being developed. The bureaucracy involved in licensing fish farms, especially in marine environments, is complicated, time-consuming, and suffers from a lack of technical knowl- edge and insufficient exchange of know-how and cooperation concerning new developments. • Corresponding author. Present address: Istanbul Universitesi, Su Ürünleri Fakültesi, 34470 Laleli, Istanbul, Turkey; e-mail: mdevrim@istanbul.edu.tr
Milt Production Of Sea Bass Lates Calcarifer Bloch Administered An Analogue Of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone And 17α-Methyltestosterone
Authors: Hilomen-Garcia G.V. , Baldevarona R.B. , Lacanilao F. 
Published: February 2021

The milt production responses of sexually mature sea bass Lates calcarifer to (D-Ala6, Pro9-N- ethylamide) luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRHa) and 17α-methyltestosterone injec- tions were examined. At 24 h after injection of a low dose of LHRHa (20 μg/kg BW), the sperm count decreased significantly compared to saline-treated fish, but it returned to pre-treatment levels 48 h after injection, suggesting a possible hydration of the milt. Other milt parameters (milt volume, sper- matocrit, sperm production) in LHRHa-treated fish did not vary from their controls at 24 or 48 h after injection but the overall pattern suggested a reduction in milt viscosity. Total expressible milt and spermatozoa collected over the 48-h experiment was approximately three-fold higher in LHRHa-injected fish than in saline-injected fish, indicating a stimulation of spermatozoa produc- tion, not merely milt dilution due to hydration. In a second experiment, sperm count and spermatocrit were significantly lower than those of saline-injected fish at 17 and 48 h after a single injection of a high dose of LHRHa (80 μg/kg BW). A methyltestosterone injection combined with the LHRHa injection also resulted in a significant- ly lower sperm count, but the spermatocrit remained comparable to the control group, suggest- ing a suppression of the LHRHa-induced milt hydration response. Results demonstrate that LHRHa stimulates milt hydration and spermatozoa production in milting sea bass and that a simultaneous methyltestosterone injection partially suppresses this response.
Surveillance of Emerging Fish Viral Pathogens in Some Southeast Asian Countries
Authors: Lio-Po Gilda , Amar Edgar , Peña Leobert de la , Orozco Zenith Gaye , Faisan Joseph , Suarnaba Vonie , Tubo Delia Belle 
Published: February 2021

Preventing the transboundary movement of fish viral pathogens in a global environment requires active surveillance. This study examined the presence of three emerging viral pathogens among koi, common, grass, and silver carp in Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Philippines, and Vietnam. The stud- ied viruses included koi herpesvirus (KHV), spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV), and grass carp reovirus (GCRV). Detection methods consisted of virus isolation by cell culture, infection assay in naive fish, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and reverse-transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR). Tissues were collected and pooled from 193 fish samples in Dec. 2004 to Feb. 2005, 406 in Sep. 2005 to Feb. 2006, and 1302 in Oct. 2006 to Feb. 2007. For cell cul- ture, tissue filtrates were prepared from pooled spleens, kidneys, livers, and gills and inoculated onto koi fin (KF-1), grass carp kidney (GCK), and fat head minnow (FHM) cells. For infection assay, tissue filtrates were injected intraperitoneally to healthy, naive common carp. No virus was detected after three cell culture passages and the infection bioassays. One-step and nest- ed-step PCR was used to detect KHV in gills of fish samples. One-step and semi-nested RT-PCR was used to detect SVCV and GCRV in the spleens, kidneys, and livers of fish samples. Samples from all three years from all five countries yielded negative results for all three viruses, indicating that KHV, SVCV, and GCRV were not present in these five countries during the period of the study although KHV outbreaks had been detected in Indonesia, Taiwan, Japan, Thailand, China, and Malaysia.
Effect of Dietary Cornstarch Level on The Growth Performance of Japanese Seabass (Lateolabrax japonicus) in Grow-Out Phase
Authors: Zheng Keke , Dou Bingshuai , Xu Houguo , Liang Mengqing 
Published: February 2021

A 10-week growth trial was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary cornstarch levels on the growth performance, body composition, liver/muscle glycogen, and selected serum biomarkers, of Japanese seabass in grow-out phase. Six isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets containing graded levels (0%, 6%, 12%, 18%, 24%, 30%) of cornstarch were fed to Japanese seabass (initial weight 343g). Weight gain (WG) significantly increased up to 18% with increasing dietary cornstarch, and then reached a plateau. There was no significant difference in WG between fish fed 18%, 24%, or 30% cornstarch (P>0.05). Based on WG, the optimal dietary cornstarch level of Japanese seabass estimated by second-order polynomial model was 27.0%. Body protein and lipid content as well as total cholesterol and triglycerides in serum showed similar trends, i.e. increasing at first and then reaching a plateau despite increasing levels of dietary cornstarch. Ash content decreased at first and then reached a plateau with increasing dietary cornstarch. Hepatosomatic index and liver glycogen significantly increased with increasing dietary cornstarch (P<0.05) while muscle glycogen, the condition factor was not influenced by dietary treatments. Serum glucose significantly increased with increasing dietary cornstarch and then decreased (P<0.05). Results of this study suggest the provision of adequate dietary cornstarch (>18%) could improve the growth performance of Japanese seabass and the optimal dietary cornstarch level is 27.0% during grow out phase.
Effect of Replacing Canola Meal for Fish Meal on the Growth, Digestive Enzyme Activity, and Amino Acids, of Ovate Pompano, Trachinotus ovatus
Authors: Kou Hongyan , Xu Shuying , Wang An-Li 
Published: February 2021

Ovate Pompano (Trachinotus ovatus) is one of the most highly valued aquaculture species due to its commercial value, rapid growth, high quality flesh, and suitability for cage culture. Ovate Pompano were fed diets containing graded levels of canola meal to replace the fish meal. Six diets containing 45% crude protein and 12% crude lipid were fed to the fish during the 8-week feeding trial. Weight gain of the fish was negatively related to canola meal ratio in the diets. Protein efficiency and feed conversion ratio were inversely related to the canola meal inclusion in the diets. The crude lipid of the fish was positively related to the dietary canola meal, while an inverse trend was found in the crude protein of the fish. Protease activity and amylase activity showed a similar trend to the crude protein, while the lipase activity showed an inverse trend. No significant differences were observed in the moisture, ash, or fillet yield of the fish among dietary treatments. The “delicious amino acid”i.e. those eliciting Umami flavor (UEAA), e.g. glutamic acid and others, essential amino acid, and total amino acid content of the fish were inversely related to the canola meal ratio in the diets. The results of the experiment indicated that canola meal can replace 18.17 % fish meal without affecting growth. Higher substitution levels of canola meal produced adverse influences on growth, digestive enzyme activity, and amino acid content of Ovate pompano.