bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A 2x2 randomised factorial SWAT of the use of a pen and small, financial incentive to improve recruitment rates in a randomised controlled trial of yoga for older adults with multimorbidity
Authors: Fairhurst Caroline , Roche Jenny , Bissell Laura , Hewitt Catherine , Hugill-Jones Jess , Howsam Jenny , Maturana Camila S , Corbacho Martin Belen , Paul Shirley-Anne S , Rose Fi , Torgerson David J , Ward Lesley , Wiley Laura , Tew Garry A 
Published: April 2021

Background: Monetary and other incentives may increase recruitment to randomised controlled trials. Methods: This was a 2x2 factorial ‘study within a trial’ of including a pen and/or £5 with a postal recruitment pack to improve randomisation rate (primary outcome) into the host Gentle Years Yoga trial in older adults with multimorbidity. Secondary outcomes: return, and time to return, of screening form, and the cost per additional participant recruited. Binary data were analysed using logistic regression and time to return data using Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: 818 potential host trial participants included. Between those sent a pen (n=409) and not sent a pen (n=409), there was no evidence of a difference in the likelihood of being randomised (15 (3.7%) versus 11 (2.7%); OR 1.38, 95% CI 0.63–3.04), in returning a screening form (66 (16.1%) versus 61 (14.9%); OR 1.10, 95% CI 0.75–1.61) nor in time to return the screening form (HR 1.09, 95% CI 0.77–1.55). There was evidence of improved screening return rates (77 (18.8%) versus 50 (12.2%); OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.13–2.45) and time to return screening form (HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.09–2.22) but not randomisation (14 (3.4%) versus 12 (2.9%); OR 1.18, 95% CI 0.54–2.57) in those sent £5 (n=409) compared with those not sent £5 (n=409). No significant interaction effects between the interventions were observed. The cost per additional participant recruited was £32 for the pen and £1000 for the £5 incentive. Conclusion: Including a small, monetary incentive encouraged increased and faster response to the recruitment invitation but did not result in more participants being randomised into the host trial. Since it is relatively costly, we do not recommend this intervention for use to increase recruitment in this population. Pens are cheaper but did not provide evidence of benefit. Further studies may be required.
Identifying Care Home Residents in Electronic Health Records - An OpenSAFELY Short Data Report
Authors: Schultze Anna , Bates Chris , Cockburn Jonathan , MacKenna Brian , Nightingale Emily , Curtis Helen J. , Hulme William J. , Morton Caroline E. , Croker Richard , Bacon Seb , McDonald Helen I , Rentsch Christopher T , Bhaskaran Krishnan , Mathur Rohini , Tomlinson Laurie A , Williamson Elizabeth J , Forbes Harriet , Tazare John , Grint Daniel J , Walker Alex J. , Inglesby Peter , DeVito Nicholas J , Mehrkar Amir , Hickman George , Davy Simon , Ward Tom , Fisher Louis , Evans David , Wing Kevin , Wong Angel YS , McManus Robert , Parry John , Hester Frank , Harper Sam , Evans Stephen JW , Douglas Ian J , Smeeth Liam , Eggo Rosalind M. , Goldacre Ben 
Published: April 2021

Background: Care home residents have been severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Electronic Health Records (EHR) hold significant potential for studying the healthcare needs of this vulnerable population; however, identifying care home residents in EHR is not straightforward. We describe and compare three different methods for identifying care home residents in the newly created OpenSAFELY-TPP data analytics platform. Methods: Working on behalf of NHS England, we identified individuals aged 65 years or older potentially living in a care home on the 1st of February 2020 using (1) a complex address linkage, in which cleaned GP registered addresses were matched to old age care home addresses using data from the Care and Quality Commission (CQC); (2) coded events in the EHR; (3) household identifiers, age and household size to identify households with more than 3 individuals aged 65 years or older as potential care home residents. Raw addresses were not available to the investigators. Results: Of 4,437,286 individuals aged 65 years or older, 2.27% were identified as potential care home residents using the complex address linkage, 1.96% using coded events, 3.13% using household size and age and 3.74% using either of these methods. 53,210 individuals (32.0% of all potential care home residents) were classified as care home residents using all three methods. Address linkage had the largest overlap with the other methods; 93.3% of individuals identified as care home residents using the address linkage were also identified as such using either coded events or household age and size. Conclusion: We have described the partial overlap between three methods for identifying care home residents in EHR, and provide detailed instructions for how to implement these in OpenSAFELY-TPP to support research into the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on care home residents.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN JIWA KEWIRAUSAHAAN MAHASISWA JURUSAN AKUNTANSI SYARIAH DAN EKONOMI SYARIAH
Authors: Desyafitri Amkhana , Atieq Muhammad Qoes 
Published: April 2021

Students in the millennial era now have many who run the business. Entrepreneurial spirit slowly grows in students. Not infrequently, many students study while doing entrepreneurship. The entrepreneurial spirit in this study refers to the explanation (Meredith, 1992 ) of the region. The entrepreneurial spirit that is owned by oneself consists of self-confidence, task-oriented, and outcome, dare to take risks, have leadership spirit, originality (authenticity) of business, and oriented into the future. The purpose of this study is to find out and explain the comparison of the Entrepreneurial Spirit in the department of sharia accounting and sharia economics. This type of research is a comparative descriptive study with a quantitative approach. Retrieving data using online questionnaires distributed to students majoring in accounting and economics sharia IAIN Sheikh Nurjati Cirebon. A sample is used as much as 186 people from the respondents accounting majors sharia as much as 93 and majoring in Islamic economics as much as 93. Whereas the data analysis uses descriptive analysis, inferential analysis, and one way ANOVA to compare. The results showed that there was no difference between the spirit of entrepreneurship in the department of sharia accounting and sharia economics.
BATIK GUMELEM BANJARNEGARA SEBAGAI PEMBENTUK IDENTIFIKASI MEREK KONSUMEN
Authors: Adhilla Fitroh , Sutanto Aftoni , Siswanto Agus 
Published: April 2021

Banjarnegara as one of the batik producing centers in the Indonesia, namely in the Susukan District, which borders the Banyumas area. However, Batik Gumelem is not as famous as Batik Pekalongan, Batik Solo, or Batik Banyumas. The aim of this research is to analyze the effect of social identity to positif words of mouth that mediated of consumer brand identification. This research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. Primary data were obtained through distributing questionnaires to 185 respondents who knew about Batik Gumelem Banjarnegara. Validity testing uses confirmatory factor analysis and all items have factor loading above 0,6. Reliability testing uses cronbach’s alpha and all variables have cronbach’s alpha above 0,6. The data analysis method uses regression with mediating variable. The results showed that social identity has a positive effect on positive word of mouth, social identity has a positive effect on consumer brand identification, and consumer brand identification has a positive effect on positive word of mouth. Consumer brand identification as role as mediating variable. This shows that Batik Gumelem is perceived to have the power to be able to create an identity for consumers and lead to behavior to disseminate information about Batik Gumelem to others.
Entre La Pampa y El Mar: Sarmiento, Hernández e um Bosquejo Histórico-Literário Sobre a Gênese do Pensamento Geopolítico Argentino l Between La Pampa and The Sea: Sarmiento, Hernández and a Brief Historical-Literary Note on The Genesis Of Argentine Geopolitical Thinking
Authors: Peixoto Gabriel Rodrigues 
Published: April 2021

A dialética histórica entre forças telúricas e talassocráticas teve clara manifestação no desenvolvimento bifurcado do pensamento geopolítico argentino no século XX. É certo afirmar que em suas elucubrações conceituais, com vistas a reafirmar a dialética de raiz mackinderiana na realidade nacional, tal antinomia, ainda que inevitavelmente influenciada por autores estrangeiros, recorreu a um imaginário de arraigo às renhidas disputas que marcaram o processo de fundação do país. Aqui, não por um acaso, aquelas obras consideradas símbolos na construção do ideário político da república, Facundo: Civilización y Barbarie e Martin Fierro, haveriam de estar invocadas recorrentemente na produção teórica da geopolítica local. É nesse sentido, que este artigo parte a identificar, desde uma análise histórico-literária, as correspectividades mitopolitológicas entre as obras de Domingo Sarmiento e José Hernández e aqueles aspectos próprios do enfrentamento primordial entre aquelas forças da terra e do mar que lastreiam o pensamento geopolítico.Palavras-chave: Pensamento geopolítico, Literatura, Argentina.ABSTRACTThe historical dialectics between telluric and thalassocratic forces was clearly manifested in the bifurcated development of Argentine geopolitical thought in the 20th century. It is true to say that in its conceptual elaborations, in order to reaffirm the Mackinderian dialectic in the national reality, such antinomy, although inevitably influenced by foreign authors, resorted to a deep-seated imagination of the fierce disputes that marked the country's founding process. Here, not by chance, those works considered symbols in the construction of the republic's political ideology, Facundo: Civilización y Barbarie and Martin Fierro, would be repeatedly invoked in the theoretical production of local geopolitics. It is in this sense that this article sets out to identify, from a historical-literary analysis, the mythopolitological correlations between the works of Domingo Sarmiento and José Hernández and those aspects of the primordial confrontation between those forces of land and sea that support geopolitical thought.Keywords: Geopolitical thinking, Literature, Argentina. Recebido em: 26/10/2020 | Aceito em: 04/01/2021.
A LITERATURA DE CORDEL E OS ASTROS CORDEL LITERATURE AND THE STARS
Authors: Santos Morgana Ribeiro dos 
Published: April 2021

A literatura de cordel é uma manifestação da literatura popular brasileira, típica da região Nordeste, que foi reconhecida pelo IPHAN como Patrimônio Cultural Brasileiro, em 2018. Este artigo foi elaborado com o objetivo de investigar e discutir a relação da literatura de cordel com o conhecimento astrológico e como o tema dos astros é desenvolvido em versos de cordel. A relação entre os poemas de cordel e a astrologia se deve a diversos fatores, conforme constatado nesta pesquisa: curiosidade; observação da natureza e de suas condições, por exigência da vida rural; misticismo popular; necessidade de superar a precariedade cotidiana. Além desses fatores, a circulação de obras europeias de conteúdo astrológico, como o Lunário Perpétuo, de Jeronymo Cortez, publicado no século XVI e reeditado muitas vezes, possibilitou que alguns poetas cordelistas se tornassem também astrólogos e editores de almanaques astrológicos. Poemas de cordel e almanaques eram produzidos e comercializados juntos, e se dirigiam ao mesmo público. Neste trabalho, analisam-se fragmentos do Almanaque de Pernambuco, o juízo do ano de 1972 (LIMA, 1971) e de quatro poemas de cordel: O Sistema Solar (SILVA, 2011), O Testamento da cigana Esmeralda (BARROS, 2006), Os Signos do Zodíaco (E Suas Pedras de Sorte) (MARANHÃO, 2016) e O Horóscopo dos Cornos (CARVALHO, 2010), a fim de apreciar os textos e entender como se dá a abordagem dos astros e do conhecimento relacionado a eles nos poemas de cordel.
Rare but relevant: a systematic review of stercoral perforation
Authors: Fernando Sherwin , Sarma Diwakar R 
Published: April 2021

Background/AimsKnowledge of the aetiologies of large bowel perforation are fundamental to its management. Stercoral perforation is a rare cause associated with high mortality. Owing to the paucity of coverage of this condition in the literature, this review raises awareness of stercoral perforation among clinicians.MethodA literature search of PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Ovid and Cochrane was performed. Key search terms included ‘stercoral, perforation’, ‘perforated’, ‘perforat*’ and ‘stercoral perforation’. Only literature published between December 2011 and July 2020 was included to avoid duplication.ResultsTwenty-nine papers were obtained giving an overall cohort of 58 patients. The median age was 58 years (range 2–83 years) and 72.4% (n=42) were female. Constipation was reported in 69% (n=40) and 20.7% (n=12) reported chronic opioid use. A computed tomography scan was performed in 94.8% (n=55) of cases and typically a Hartmann's procedure (n=40, 72.2%) was performed. The mortality rate was 17.2% (n=10).ConclusionsThe median age of patients with stercoral perforation has decreased from that found in previous studies and the mortality rate has improved. Chronic opioid users have also emerged as an important cohort. Early recognition, diligent decision making and focused perioperative care form the backbone of the definitive management of stercoral perforation.
High-sensitivity terahertz sensor based on Tamm plasmon polaritons of a graphene asymmetric structure
Authors: Su Hong , Jiang Tingting , Zhou Runhua , Li Zhenyuan , Peng Zhen , Wang Shixing , Zhang Min , Liang Huawei , Li Irene Ling , Ruan Shuangchen 
Published: April 2021

A new asymmetric structure based on Tamm plasmon polaritons (TPPs) and a metal-distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) is proposed in this paper, which can be applied in high-sensitivity terahertz sensors. The structure includes monolayer graphene and two DBRs with different central frequencies on two sides of the graphene. One of its edge faces is introduced by silver film for enhancing the TPPs excitation. The result shows two Tamm plasmonic modes at frequencies of 1.0 THz and 1.1 THz can be excited by the structure. By increasing Fermi energy of graphene, or reducing the width of the top defect layer, the TPPs excitation can be enhanced, and the sensitivity of the structure can also be improved. Moreover, the sensitivity is more sensitive to the incidence angle of TM and TE polarizations from 0° to 25°. By optimizing the structural parameters, the sensitivity and figure of merit of two Tamm plasmonic modes can attain 1.17 THz/RIU, 1.2 THz/RIU,

32.28

R
I
U

−
1

, and

30.95

R
I
U

−
1

, respectively, which demonstrates that such a structure is a candidate for a dynamic tunable TPPs terahertz device for a high-sensitivity terahertz sensor.
Investigation of Flight Dynamic of Hang-glider
Authors: Gáti B. 
Published: April 2021

This paper shows, how the most important parameters of a two-body system like a hang-glider, can be identified. The first step is to develop a simulation program with an acceptable reality model. Such a model involves a lot of constants. I carried out an investigation of sensitivity ir; order to select the constants that are the most important to specify. The results show that the aerodynamic constant cmq has the most significant effect on a phygoidal oscillation. I have developed an identification program and a measuring system to determine the real value of this constant as well as the hang-glider's other aerodynamical and stability parameters.
Biografia człowieka – arena demokratycznych negocjacji
Authors: Teusz Grażyna 
Published: April 2021

The subject-matter of this paper is an attempt to outline the type of relationship that exists between democracy and the autonomous and responsible individual as a necessary pre-condition for a real and genuine community. The author’s reflections are focused around the idea that onlya conscious, inner-directed and mature individual can guarantee a solid foundation for the rules and practice of democracy and that human biography is the actual arena of democratic negotiations constantly being undertaken.
Human biography – the arena of democratic negotiations
Authors: Teusz Grażyna 
Published: April 2021

The subject-matter of this paper is an attempt to outline the type of relationship that exists between democracy and the autonomous and responsible individual as a necessary pre-con dition for a real and genuine community. The author’s reflections are focused around the idea that onlya conscious, inner-directed and mature individual can guarantee a solid foundation for the rules and practice of democracy and that human biography is the actual arena of democratic negotiations constantly being undertaken.
Temperature and humidity effects on CG-6 gravity observations
Authors: Weerasinghe P. I. A. , Prasanna H. M. I. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The CG6 is an automated gravity meter that has a worldwide measurement range of over 8000 mGals and a reading resolution of 0.0001 mGal. Some factors that may influence the gravity readings are corrected by the instrument’s software. In this paper, the effects of the ambient temperature and humidity changes on the CG-6’s gravity measurements were investigated with the aim of reducing the uncertainty which remains in gravity measurements in microgal level, and giving recommendations for more accurate results. A controlled heating experiment was used to determine the impact of ambient temperature on gravity and 12 hours of continuous gravity observations were used to identify the impact of humidity on gravity measurements. It was observed that the sensor temperature and the gravity reading were highly correlated with the ambient temperature. The linear correlation with R2 > 0.94 and R2 > 0.90 were found for the corrected gravity reading and the residual sensor temperature variations respectively with the ambient temperature when heating. It was demonstrated that the calculated ambient temperature correction, −0.0011 mGal/oC, is more stable than the correction given by the instrument in terms of standard deviation though the impact of humidity on gravity reading was not clear.
Carbomer microgels as model yield-stress fluids
Authors: Jaworski Zdzisław , Spychaj Tadeusz , Story Anna , Story Grzegorz 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The review presents current research results for Carbopol-based microgels as yield-stress materials, covering three aspects: chemical, physical and rheological. Such a joint three-aspect study has no analog in the literature. The chemical aspects of Carbopol polymers are presented in terms of a cross-linking polymerization of acrylic acid, their molecular structure, microgel formulation, polyacid dissociation and neutralization, osmotic pressure and associated immense microgel swelling. The physical characterization is focused on models of the shear-induced solid-to-liquid transition of microgels, which are formed of mesoscopic particles typical for soft matter materials. Models that describe interparticle effects are presented to explain the energy states of microgel particles at the mesoscale of scrutiny. Typical representatives of the models utilize attributes of jamming dispersions, micromechanical and polyelectrolyte reactions. Selected relationships that result from the models, such as scaling rules and nondimensional flow characteristics are also presented. The rheological part presents the discussion of problems of yield stress in 2D and 3D deformations, appearance and magnitude of the wall slip. The theory and characteristics of Carbopol microgel deformation in rotational rheometers are presented with graphs for the steady-state measurements, stress-controlled oscillation and two types of transient shear deformation. The review is concluded with suggestions for future research.
Model-independent light field reconstruction using a generic camera calibration
Authors: Uhlig David , Heizmann Michael 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSophisticated and highly specialized optical measuring devices are becoming increasingly important for high-precision manufacturing and environment perception. In particular, light field cameras are experiencing an ever-increasing interest in research and industry as they enable a variety of new measurement methods. Unfortunately, due to their complex structure, their calibration is very difficult and usually precisely tailored to the particular type of light field camera. To overcome these difficulties, we present a method that decodes a light field from the raw data of any light field imaging system without knowing and modeling the internal optical elements. We calibrate the camera using a precise generic calibration method and transform the obtained ray set into an equivalent light field representation. Finally, we reconstruct a rectified light field from the irregularly sampled data and in addition we derive the geometric ray properties as intrinsic camera parameters. Experimental results validate the method by showing that both the information of the observed scene and the geometric structure of the light field are preserved by an adequate rectification and calibration.
Bankenwettbewerb und die Stabilität von Finanzsektoren
Authors: Richter Toni 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSince the financial crisis of 2008 and intensified during the corona crisis, the interdependence between the stability of the financial systems and the prevailing degree of competition (DC) has been the subject of scientific and economic policy discourse on fragmented markets and „too-big-to-fail“ banks. In theory and empiricism, two fundamentally contrary causal concepts are opposed, the elementary basis of which is the precise measurement of the DC: Competition-stability- versus Fragility-Hypothesis. Based on the recent state of research, it can be shown that alternative DC-Measurements consistently show significantly different competitive conditions and in consequence the evidence for or against a stability-enhancing competitive effect seems to be predetermined by the chosen DC-Measurement.
Die Corona-Krise ist ein Brennglas bestehender Probleme
Authors: Holznagel Reiner 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The Corona crisis marks a significant turning point in the Federal Republic’s national budget. All levels of the overall budget are deep in the red: federal, state, local and social security. This stress on public budgets and social security systems will not suddenly disappear after the pandemic – rather, policy makers face long-term challenges. Public finances must be consolidated!
Five theses outline the issue – before, during and after the Corona crisis:

The federal budget was structurally out of order even before the Corona crisis.

The Corona crisis is only a magnifying glass for budget policy problems.

The debt brake is indispensable, both when the economy is strong and weak.

We need a mix of tax limits, austerity policies and investments.

Tax increases and more bureaucracy are hampering economic growth!