bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MiR155 Affect the Cerebral Ischemic Injury by Rheb/mTOR Signaling Pathway
Authors: Chang Le , Xue Yu-Ying , Zhu Xu-Rong , Tian Ye , Liu Zhi-Qin , Gu Nai-Bin , Jiang Yi , Ma Yue , Yong Fang , Jing Yun-Yun , Guo Hua , Yan Yu-E , Di Zhengli 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Ischemic stroke remains to be a leading cause of death and disability worldwide at present. Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) is a critical pathogenesis leading to a poor prognosis for ischemic stroke patients.Recent studies have found that miR155 may be involved in the occurrence of CIRI after stroke, but it’s role and specific mechanism are not completely clear.Therefore, this study investigated the effects of miR155 expression levels on mortality, cerebral infarction volume and neuronal apoptosis in MCAO/R rats by changing the expression level of miR155 in the ischemic penumbra (IP) region of rats. QRT-PCR and Western Blotting were used to detect the expression changes of Rheb, mTOR, 4EBP1 and S6K1 under different miR155 expression levels. The results showed that inhibition of miR155 could reduce the mortality, the volume of cerebral infarction and the number of neuronal apoptosis in MCAO/R rats.The mRNA and protein expressions of Rheb, mTOR, 4EBP1 and S6K1 were increased after inhibition of miR155, and vice versa. It suggested that inhibition the expression of miR155 could alleviate CIRI in the IP by activating Rheb/mTOR signaling at the transcriptional level. At the same time, we found that the phosphorylation level of mTOR signaling pathway were also increased after inhibition of miR155, indicating that autophagy level regulated by mTOR signaling pathway may be involved in the CIRI.
Mechanical /thermal Shock Properties and Failure Mechanisms of Cf/SiBCN Composites Effect of Sintering Densification and Fiber Coating
Authors: Niu Zi-bo , Wang BingZu , Pan Lijun , Li Daxin , Jia Dechang , Yang Zhihua , Peng Hao , Zhou Yu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this work, resin derived carbon coating was prepared on carbon fibers by polymer impregnation pyrolysis method (PIP), and then Cf/SiBCN composites were prepared by hot pressing process. The effects of sintering densification and fiber coating on microstructure, mechanical properties, thermal shock resistance, and failure mechanisms of the composites were studied. Fiber bridging hinders the sintering densification, causing more defects in fiber-dense area and lower strength. However, higher sintering temperature (1800-2000℃) can improve mechanical properties significantly, including bending strength, vickers hardness, and elastic module, because further sintering densification enhances matrix strength and fiber/matrix bonding strength, while the change of fracture toughness is not obvious (2.24-2.38 MPa·m1/2) due to counteraction of higher debonding resistance and less pull-out length. However, fiber coating improves fracture toughness greatly via protecting carbon fibers from chemical corrosion and damage of thermal stress and external stress. Due to lower coefficient of thermal expansion, lower fiber loading ratio, less stress concentration at the fiber/matrix interface and better defect healing effect, lower sintering temperature favor thermal shock resistance of composites and thermal shock recession mechanisms are the damage of interface.
In vitro effect of aqueous extract of fresh cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) on the larvae of Haemonchus contortus as an intestinal parasite of sheep.
Authors: Medeiros Ana Flávia Lopes , Cereda Marney Pascoli Cereda , Braz Gabriel Furrer Matos 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Cassava is frequently fed to animals. In the case of sheep, the producer relates consumption to a reduction in the parasite load. The literature has proven the effect of phenolic compounds as an anthelmintic in vivo, but no evidence for cyanogenic compounds, also present in all parts of the cassava plant, was found. A controlled in vitro bioassay was used to evaluate the aqueous extract of fresh cassava leaves. The efficiency parameter was the immobility of Haemonchus contortus larvae at the L3 stage, also used to evaluate commercial anthelmintics. Cell culture plates with 100 active L3-stage larvae per well were used, being each replicate constituted by three wells. Aqueous extract of fresh cassava leaves (FCL), Ivomec® 0.01% (PCI) as the positive control, and distilled water as negative control (NCW), were placed in the culture plate wells. Considering the immobility of the larvae as a positive anthelmintic effect, the results showed that in NCW treatments all larvae were mobile, while in PCI all 300 larvae were immobile. FCL produced a gradient of larval inactivation correlation (R2 0.996). The best-fit equation was y = -33.39ln(x) + 40.517, a logarithmic equation, which allowed the calculation of the Lethal Concentration (CL) of 3.44 µg CN- ml, or 80.0 mg of fresh cassava leaves per milliliter of water, with a performance equivalent to ivermectin. This concentration of free cyanide is compatible with the safe consumption of fresh leaves by live weight of sheep. The exact amount of cassava roots, leaves, or shoots, consumed to provide an effective dose for controlling H. contort should be established in vivo. Although phenolic compounds must also be present in the extract, the immobility was attributed to cyanogenic compounds since the correlation was proportional to the increase in the cyanide concentration. It can be concluded that the consumption of fresh cassava leaves has the potential as an anthelmintic agent to be evaluated in vivo by feeding sheep and goats. Local use could also add value to the production of fresh cassava leaves, with an average potential production of 2.5 tonnes ha-1, available throughout the year, with greater production at the beginning of cultivation and in the summer months. These leaves could be used after the roots harvesting or even after pruning for this purpose. Currently, this amount of good quality protein material remains without use in the field.
Prediction Role of Baseline Digital Substraction Angiography in GEP Neuroendocrine Liver Metastases Treated with TAE/ TACE
Authors: Li Xiaofen , Li Linjuan , Pu Jin , Suo Jiaojiao , Luo Xuefeng , You Xin , Liao Zhengyin , Cao Dan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Aim

Transarterial embolization (TAE) or transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is an important treatment approach for unresectable liver metastatic gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs). The prediction tool for therapeutic evaluation is still unclear. This study was performed to assess the prediction role of baseline digital substraction angiography (DSA) in synchronous liver metastatic GEP-NETs treated with TAE/ TACE.
Methods

Twenty-two patients with synchronous unresectable liver metastatic GEP-NETs (G1/2) and treated with TAE/ TACE were retrospectively enrolled. Clinical characteristics, baseline DSA and computed tomography (CT) information were collected.
Results

Totally, the overall response rate of TAE/ TACE on liver metastasis was 45.5%. The average baseline CT ratio (the density of the target lesion / the density of abdominal aorta during arterial phase) between responsive group and nonresponsive group were not statistically different (0.30±0.06 versus 0.36±0.11, P=0.149). Whereas, the average baseline DSA ratio (the density of target lesion / the density of liver background on DSA imaging before TAE/ TACE) of responsive group was significantly lower compared with that of nonresponsive group (0.57±0.13 versus 0.70±0.15, P=0.037). Patients with a DSA ratio ≤0.64 were more responsive to TAE/ TACE than those with a DSA ratio ༞0.64 (58.3% versus 30%). Univariate and multivariate analysis indicated that patients with lower hepatic tumor burden had longer PFS.
Conclusions

Baseline DSA ratio is a simple and potentially useful method to predict therapeutic effect of TAE/ TACE in liver metastases from GEP-NETs. And patients with lower hepatic tumor burden might indicate better prognosis. Prospective large-scale study is warranted.
A Promising Diagnostic Role of Immunohistochemical Expression of Insulin-Like Growth Factor II mRNA Binding Protein3 (IMP3) in Pancreatic Lesions Using Endoscopic Ultrasound –Guided –Fine Needle Aspiration (EUS-FNA) Cytology
Authors: Rashed Hayam , Wasfi Nora , Nasr Awatef , ElHendawy Ramy , Said Nelly Mohammed 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Poor prognosis and short survival of patients harboring pancreatic cancer emerge how advanced disease it is. In a trial to achieve the earliest and most accurate diagnosis to manage this progressive disease, we proposed that using endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) with an adjuvant diagnostic immunohistochemical marker would give better diagnostic results. IMP3 has gained recently wide attention, as many studies found that IMP3 has not only diagnostic but also prognostic role in different types of malignancies. Aim of the study: this prospective work is to assess the diagnostic role of EUS-FNA combined with the immunohistochemical expression of IMP3 on different benign and malignant pancreatic lesions. Material and Method: the included pancreatic lesions (n=140) were obtained by EUS-FNA technique and stained for IMP3 immunohistochemically. Paraffin blocks from patients who underwent excision (n=92) or core biopsies (n=48) were performed for confirming diagnosis. Results: the combined method for diagnosis showed that IMP3 was positive in 78.7%, 91.7%, 100% PAC, Mucinous neoplasm with high grade dysplasia, IPMN with high grade dysplasia, respectively, while almost all benign lesions showed negative IMP3. Also, this method showed sensitivity (78.26%), specificity (95.83%), and accuracy (84.3%). Conclusion: EUS-FNA cytology with IMP3 could be a reliable diagnostic tool especially for assessment of malignant pancreatic lesions.
Change and Stability in the Paternal Role Among Palestinian Fathers Living in Israel
Authors: Kashkoush Shada , Kassom Sereen , Gershy Naama 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the current study, we expand the understanding of paternal involvement in the Arab world and studied paternal involvement among Palestinian fathers living in Israel. To address cultural and sociopolitical contexts, we investigated the paternal role in relation to modernization processes characterizing Palestinian society in Israel (education, tradition, and religiosity). To capture the variance in the paternal role, we assessed it as a multifaceted construct involving three dimensions: direct childcare, household chores, and taking care of bureaucracy and finances. Sixty-eight Palestinian couples participated in the study. Participating parents separately completed a questionnaire assessing parenting role division. In addition, participating fathers completed questionnaires assessing paternal religiosity, and traditionality. Results showed that among the different involvement types, Palestinian fathers are most involved in home-related financial and bureaucratic tasks (i.e., outside tasks). Compared to bureaucracy and finances, paternal involvement in direct childcare tasks was lower, and involvement in routine housework was the lowest. Among the modernity variables, fathers’ tertiary education, but not religiosity or traditionality, predicted increased paternal involvement in childcare tasks and routine housework. The study results suggest the continuous prominence of traditional gender role division among Palestinian fathers living in Israel and indicate a slight change among fathers with higher education. The relative prominence of indirect forms of paternal involvement found in our study highlight the importance of evaluating paternal involvement as a multifaceted construct involving both direct and indirect care tasks in collectivistic and traditional societies.
Optimizing Non-Pharmaceutical Intervention Strategies Against COVID-19 Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Janko Vito , Reščič Nina , Vodopija Aljoša , Susič David , De Masi Carlo Maria , Tušar Tea , Gradisek Anton , Vandepitte Sophie , De Smedt Delphine , Javornik Jana , Gams Matjaz , Lustrek Mitja 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
One key task in the early fight against the COVID-19 pandemic was to plan non-pharmaceutical interventions to reduce the spread of the infection while limiting the burden on the society and economy. With more data on the pandemic being generated, it became possible to model both the infection trends and intervention costs, transforming the creation of an intervention plan into a computational optimization problem. This paper proposes a framework developed to help policy-makers plan the best combination of non-pharmaceutical interventions and to change them over time. We developed a hybrid machine-learning epidemiological model to forecast the infection trends, aggregated the socio-economic costs from literature and expert knowledge, and used a multi-objective optimization algorithm to find and evaluate various intervention plans. The framework is modular and easily adjustable to a real-world situation, it is trained and tested with data collected from almost all countries of the world, and its proposed intervention plans generally outperform those used in real life in terms of both the number of infections and intervention costs.
How is Social Media Used in the Context of Complementary and Alternative Medicine? A Scoping Review
Authors: Ng Jeremy Y. , Verhoeff Natasha , Steen Jeremy 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

Despite the increased use of social media to share health-related information and the substantial impact that complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) can have on individuals’ health and wellbeing, currently, to our knowledge, there is no review that compiles research on how social media is used in the context of CAM. The objective of this study was to summarize the research on how social media is used in the context of CAM.
Methods

A scoping review was conducted to investigate how social media is used in the context of CAM, following Arksey and O’Malley’s five-stage methodological framework. MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, AMED, and CINAHL databases were systematically searched, in addition to the Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technology in Health (CADTH) website. Eligible articles had to have investigated how at least one social media platform is used in the context of a single or multiple types of CAM treatments.
Results

Searches retrieved 1714 items following deduplication, of which 1687 titles and abstracts were eliminated, leaving 94 full-text articles to be considered. Of those, 65 were not eligible, leaving a total of 29 articles eligible for review. Four themes emerged from our analysis: 1) social media is used to share user/practitioner beliefs, attitudes, and experiences about CAM, 2) social media acts as a vehicle for the spread of misinformation about CAM, 3) there are unique challenges with social media research in the context of CAM, 4) social media is effective in delivering CAM-related therapy and information.
Conclusions

This scoping review is the first, to our knowledge, to provide a descriptive analysis of the literature regarding how social media is used in the context of CAM. In addition to social media being a useful tool to share user/practitioner beliefs, attitudes, and experiences about CAM, it has shown to be accessible, effective, and a viable option in delivering CAM therapies and information. Social media has also shown to spread a large amount of misleading and false information in the context of CAM. Additionally, this review highlights the challenges with conducting social media research in the context of CAM, particularly in collecting a representative sample.
Finding the onset of COVID-19 - a correlation analysis with influenza epidemic around the world
Authors: Yang Yixue , Li Bo , Yao Nan , Guo Yingpei , Wang Han , Tian Junwei , Guo Ruirui , Wang Xuhan , Jia Jiwei , Liu Siyu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background. COVID-19 showed similar and overlapping symptoms compared with seasonal influenza. It is difficult to distinguish them, especially in the early stage of the outbreak. The confluence of the two diseases might result in considerable morbidity, it is doubtful that whether COVID-19 had already affected the morbidity of influenza earlier than the first report.Methods. We conducted Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test and Kruskal Wallis Test to discover seasonal and regional distributions of influenza and COVID-19. Cluster analysis was utilized to explore possible influence factors. Spearman Test was carried out for analyzing correlations between the two diseases. We employed Arima Model to predict time series of WMI. We proved differences between the forecasted and the original time series of influenza from 2019 to 2021 by Mann-Whitney U Test. Then we observed first abnormal peaks on the time series, tracing back to the onset of COVID-19 affecting influenza compared with the first-report time.Results. WMI and WMC varied significantly in four seasons, five continents and the ten selected countries. Cluster analysis divided the data into two groups according to country, continent, population and morbidity. WMI of China, Israel, Honduras, Morocco and Nigeria were correlated with WMC. The forecasted and the original time series of influenza from 2019 to 2021 were significantly different. Compared with the forecasted one, some abnormal peaks firstly appeared on the original time series of influenza around Dec.31st, 2018 on Austria, Norway, Morocco and Nigeria, Jan.28th, 2019 on South Africa, Apr.8th, 2019 on Marshall Islands, Jul.7th, 2019 on America, Sep.30th, 2019 on China and Israel, Mar.11th, 2020 on Honduras.Conclusions. Winter and autumn were the high incidence season for influenza and COVID-19, respectively. Oceania and Americas owned the highest incidence rate for these two diseases. Human immunity, continents, countries’ policies and population were possible influence factors. Only in Honduras, the first reported COVID-19 case happened concurrently with the abnormal value of the ILI. And in the rest of the included countries, COVID-19 might happen earlier than its first reports. Among these regions, COVID-19 might firstly affect Africa in the first week of 2019.
Multivariate Fire Risk Models Using Sample-Size Reduction and Copula Regression in Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Najib Mohamad Khoirun , Nurdiati Sri , Sopaheluwakan Ardhasena 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The copula-based joint distribution can construct a fire risk model to improve forest fires' early warning system, especially in Kalimantan. In this study, we model and analyze the copula-based joint distribution between climate conditions and hotspots. We used several climate conditions, such as total precipitation, dry spells, and El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). We used copula functions with sample size reduction to construct the joint distributions and the copula regression model to estimate the fire size. The results show that the probability of extreme hotspots number during normal ENSO conditions is very rare and almost near zero during La Nina. Other than that, extreme hotspot event (more severe than in 2019) during El Nino is more sensitive to total precipitation than dry spells based on the conditional survival function. However, the copula regression model found that the model used dry spells as a climate condition better than total precipitation. In this model, the 95% confidence interval of the expected hotspots can cover all actual hotspots data.
Acupuncture and reflexology for patients undergoing chemotherapy: an observational study
Authors: Grant Suzanne Jane , Spiegel Gretel , BRAND Amanda , KWON Ki Kyung , HELLER Gillian , CHOI Victoria , Wong Emma , RANDLE Lindley , LACEY Judith 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose

Around three quarters of individuals undergoing chemotherapy self-report multiple symptoms. There is clinical trial evidence of effectiveness for acupuncture for commonly experienced symptoms, and emerging evidence for reflexology, but little is known about the effects of these therapies on multiple symptoms when implemented in a real world setting during active chemotherapy treatment.
Methods

This was a single-arm observational study of participants receiving reflexology and/or acupuncture while attending chemotherapy. Participants received a 20 minute reflexology treatment or a 20 minute acupuncture treatment or a combination of both. Patient reported outcome measures were administered before and after the treatment using the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS).
Results

During the study period, 330 unique participants with cancer received acupuncture and/or reflexology treatments. Participants had, on average, 5.3 symptoms each which they reported as moderate to severe (≥4/10) using the ESAS at baseline. Following treatment, participants reported 3.2 symptoms as moderate to severe. The symptom change for all participant encounters receiving any therapy was statistically significant for all symptoms, and clinically significant (a reduction of more than 1) for all symptoms except financial distress, appetite and memory. Clinically significant levels of global distress (<3) were reduced in 72% of all participants receiving either therapy. No adverse events were recorded.
Conclusions

The results indicate that acupuncture and reflexology administered alongside chemotherapy may reduce patient reported symptom burden and patient global symptom related distress. Future research would include an active control group, and consider confounding factors such as chemotherapy stage and medication.
Benefits of an immunogenic personalized neoantigen nanovaccine in patients with high-risk gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer
Authors: Liu Baorui , Liu Qin , Chu Yanhong , Shao Jie , Qian Hanqing , Yang Ju , Sha Huizi , Cen lanqi , Tian Manman , Xu Qiuping , Chen Fangjun , Yang Yang , Wang Weifeng , Wang Kai , Yu Lixia , Wei Jia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Personalized neoantigen vaccines have shown strong immunogenicity in clinical trial, but still face various challenges in facilitating an efficient antitumour immune response. Here we prepared a personalized neoantigen nanovaccine (PNVAC) platform for adjuvant cancer immunotherapy. PNVAC triggered superior protective efficacy against tumor recurrence and promoted longer survival than free neoantigens, especially when combined with anti-PD-1 treatment in a murine tumor model. A phase I clinical trial (ChiCTR1800017319) was initiated to study the safety, immunogenicity, and prophylactic effect of PNVAC on preventing tumor recurrence in patients with high-risk gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer after adjuvant chemotherapy post-surgical resection. The 1- and 2-year disease-free survival rates were significantly higher than historical control. PNVAC induced both CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses as well as antigen-experienced memory T cell phenotype. Furthermore, the immune response was persistent and remained evident one year after the vaccination. Our work provides a safe and feasible strategy for development of neoantigen vaccines to delay gastric cancer recurrence after surgery.