bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beta2-adrenoceptor agonist salbutamol increases leg glucose uptake and metabolic rate but not muscle glycogen resynthesis in recovery from resistance exercise of the quadriceps in lean young men
Authors: Onslev Johan , Thomasson Martin , Wojtaszewski Jørgen , Bangsbo Jens , Hostrup Morten 
Published: May 2021

AbstractContentBeta2-agonists evoke potent acute increases in peripheral glucose uptake and energy expenditure at rest. Exercise has been shown to blunt these effects. Whether this attenuation is extended into recovery from exercise is unknown.ObjectiveTo examine the effect of beta2-agonists on leg glucose uptake and leg metabolic rate in recovery from exercise.DesignIn a randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over study using arteriovenous balance technique and analysis of thigh muscle biopsies we investigated the effect of 24mg oral salbutamol (a selective beta2-agonist) on leg glucose, oxygen, and lactate at rest, during exercise, and in recovery, as well as on muscle glycogen resynthesis.ParticipantsHealthy, lean, young men (n=12).ResultsLeg glucose uptake tended to be two-fold higher at rest (0.22±0.12mmol/min, P=0.06). Accumulated leg glucose uptake was higher in recovery (21.1±6mmol, P=0.018) with salbutamol, but not during exercise. Leg oxygen uptake was 80% greater at rest (11±2.1mmol/min, P<0.01). Accumulated leg oxygen uptake was higher in recovery (1755±348mL, P<0.01) with salbutamol, but not during exercise. Muscle glycogen was lower with salbutamol 0.5h (109±25mmol/mg dry-weight, P<0.01) and 5h (101±19mmol/mg dry-weight, P<0.01) into recovery, suggestive of augmented glycogen utilization during exercise. There was no difference in glycogen resynthesis or glycogen synthase activity in the 5-hour recovery period with salbutamol.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that while resistance exercise confounds the augmentation of leg glucose uptake and metabolic rate induced by beta2-agonist at rest, this suppression is not conserved into recovery from exercise.
Sequential sampling from memory underlies action selection during abstract decision making
Authors: Shushruth S. , Zylberberg Ariel , Shadlen Michael N 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe study of perceptual decision making in monkeys has provided insights into the process by which sensory evidence is integrated towards a decision. When monkeys make decisions with the knowledge of the motor actions the decisions bear upon, the process of evidence integration is instantiated by neurons involved in the selection of said actions. It is less clear how monkeys make decisions when unaware of the actions required to communicate their choice—what we refer to as ‘abstract’ decisions. We investigated this by training monkeys to associate the direction of motion of a noisy random-dot display with the color of two targets. Crucially, the targets were displayed at unpredictable locations after the motion stimulus was extinguished. We found that monkeys postponed decision formation until the targets were revealed. Neurons in the parietal association area LIP represented the integration of evidence leading to a choice, but as the stimulus was no longer visible, the samples of evidence must have been retrieved from short-term memory. Our results imply that when decisions are temporally unyoked from the motor actions they bear upon, decision formation is protracted until they can be framed in terms of motor actions.
End users' resistance behaviour paradigm in pre-deployment stage of ERP systems: evidence from Bangladeshi manufacturing industry
Authors: Alzahrani Ahmed , Mahmud Imran , Thurasamy Ramayah , Alfarraj Osama , Alwadain Ayed 
Published: May 2021

PurposeThis study proposes a research model to identify the relevant constructs of employee resistance and symbolic adoption in pre-implementation stage of enterprise resource planning systems in manufacturing industries, drawing suitable support from the existing body of literature. The proposed model is a combination of the status quo bias theory and absorptive capacity theory to measure employee resistance that negatively lead to symbolic adoption of a user.Design/methodology/approachThis research used a self-administered questionnaire to survey 221 participants from five organizations in the manufacturing industry, all working towards deploying enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems.FindingsThe results show that factors contributing to status quo bias and absorptive capacity impact end-user grumbling. Furthermore, end-user grumbling affects symbolic adoption substantially.Practical implicationsThis study provides researchers, practitioners and ERP vendors a broader overview of employees' resistance and motivation for using newly deployed systems.Originality/valueIn the past two decades, both practitioners and academicians are investigating the technical and non-technical features that assist end-users to adopt the system. Information system theories center on the post-deployment stage, with rare attempts to identify users' resistance and mental willingness to accept technology in the pre-adoption phase, which is very crucial for the success of ERP.
Now protected or still stigmatized? A 25-year outlook on the impact of the Americans with Disabilities Act
Authors: Wu Felix Y. , Nittrouer Christine , Nguyen Vinh , Hebl Mikki , Oswald Frederick L. , Frieden Lex 
Published: May 2021

PurposeIn 1990, the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) was signed into law by President George H.W. Bush. This law was intended to prevent discrimination against people with disabilities (PWD) in employment, public accommodations, transportation and other areas of life. However, the degree of impact in these sectors has not been studied in tandem. Addressing these sectors together is the primary objective of this paper.Design/methodology/approachResults are analyzed and presented regarding ADA impacts as well as which organizations provide advocacy services in support to PWD from survey data collected from 1,582 US participants in 2010 (N = 866) and 2015 (N = 716).FindingsResults suggest that the ADA has had a positive impact on PWD, yet this law favorably affects people of certain demographics more than others. Moreover, people with and without disabilities have differing opinions on the impact of the ADA, suggesting that what is conveyed to the public and the impact of the ADA on real-life outcomes of PWD are sometimes misaligned.Originality/valueThe present study helps add to the current body of knowledge on the impact of the ADA by providing perspectives on advocacy services and impacts from a diverse set of PWD and their counterparts without disabilities.
Collaborative engagement experience-based learning: a teaching framework for business education
Authors: Freyn Shelly L. , Sedaghatjou Mina , Rodney Sheree 
Published: May 2021

PurposeAn academic–practitioner divide exists suggesting the need for business education curriculum to more appropriately suit private-sector demands. This calls for pedagogical approaches that offer experiences and build skill sets to better prepare graduates for the workforce. The authors propose a framework, collaborative engagement experience-based learning (CEEBL), as a new pedagogical method for teaching and learning in business education. This research provides a viable solution to bridge the gap between academia and industry. The authors suggest CEEBL also offers business students new methods of engagement in the world of work.Design/methodology/approachThis exploratory study investigates the CEEBL framework applied to a business education course in competitive intelligence (CI) and a crisis simulation exercise that offer “real world” experiences to students. Data were collected in two semesters and included feedback from over 70 undergraduate students.FindingsResults suggest that the CEEBL framework provides students with the learning experiences to build much-needed skill sets. Additionally, Hallinger and Lu's (2011) assessment of overall instructional effectiveness showed positive statistical results for its dimensions.Originality/valueThe CEEBL framework is coined from two existing pedagogical underpinnings; collaborative engagement (CE) and experience-based Learning (EBL). These concepts offer insights into the ways in which CE promotes a rich learning experience. The new framework takes into consideration the relationship(s) among the dimensions of CE and EBL and how they intertwine with each other to create a pedagogical method that can better prepare students for a dynamic workplace. CEEBL can be easily adapted for online, hybrid or in-session teaching environments. Additionally, the framework offers flexibility in application to other disciplines while addressing current topics and issues through the capstone exercise.
Design science research with focus groups – a pragmatic meta-model
Authors: Henriques Telmo Antonio , O’Neill Henrique 
Published: May 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this research paper is to present a pragmatic and systematic approach to conduct and document Design Science Research (DSR) activities with Focus Groups (FGs), exploring its continuous usage and providing traceability between problem, requirements, solutions and artefacts.Design/methodology/approachThe approach is to conduct the research and produce the meta-model for DSR with FG, a DSR approach was adopted using a conceptual model for Action Design Research already available. The artefact is the result from a specific literature review to define requirements, a careful design and a refinement stage where it was widely used and tested in real IS implementation projects.FindingsRigorous and committed stakeholder engagement is a critical success factor in complex projects. The main outcome of this research is a specific meta-model for DSR with FG that delivers new insights and practical guidelines for academics and professionals conducting and documenting real-world research and development initiatives deep-rooted in stakeholders' participation.Research limitations/implicationsThe meta-model has been endorsed as a practical and useful artefact by the stakeholders participating in the IS projects where it was adopted. However, to fully demonstrate its capabilities and to become more robust, the model has to be further used and tested in other application situations and environments.Originality/valueThe usage of FGs in DSR has already been proposed as an effective way, either to study artefacts, to propose improvements in its design or to acknowledge the utility of those artefacts in field use. The paper provides a sound contribution to this line of research by presenting a meta-model that integrates process and data, as well as a set of practical templates and forms that may be used by researchers and practitioners to conduct their projects.
Preparing project managers for the human aspects of project work: fostering sensemaking abilities
Authors: van der Hoorn Bronte , Killen Catherine P. 
Published: May 2021

PurposeTo prepare project managers for the human aspects of project work using a new classroom-based approach to foster abilities in collective sensemaking.Design/methodology/approachThe authors developed an approach for fostering collective sensemaking abilities through three class sessions inspired by Merrill's First Principles of Instruction. The authors implemented the sessions in two cohorts of students, with a total of 57 participants, and evaluated its impact through a series of surveys.FindingsFindings demonstrated how each component of the educational approach contributed to an increase in students' sensemaking understanding and ability. Through explanation, demonstration and application components, students reported increasing levels of confidence in their ability to facilitate collective sensemaking in practice.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors’ findings are based on a sample of 57 students in one university setting. Further studies are required to evaluate the educational approach; such studies could use larger numbers of students or other education settings. Triangulating students' reported understanding and abilities would increase confidence in the effectiveness of this approach.Practical implicationsBy explaining the authors’ approach to sensemaking education and providing initial evidence of its success, they provide educators with an example of how to foster collective sensemaking through classroom-based project management education. The approach has potential for teaching other interpersonal skills.Originality/valueThis research provides a novel classroom-based approach to foster sensemaking awareness and skills, and for dispersing contemporary project management thinking and tools to practitioners.
COVID-19 and the social organization of knowledge in Wikipedia: a study of social representations
Authors: Roszkowski Marcin , Włodarczyk Bartłomiej 
Published: May 2021

PurposeThe paper aims to present the development of conceptualization of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on associations with other articles on English edition of Wikipedia. The main goal of the paper is to study the social organization of knowledge about COVID-19 within the Wikipedia community of practice.Design/methodology/approachThe methodological approach taken in this study was based on the application of Moscovici's theory of social representations to Wikipedia's knowledge organization system (KOS). Internal links in the Wikipedia article about COVID-19 were considered anchors in its social representations. Each link in the introductory part of the article was considered an indicator of the semantic relationship between COVID-19 and other concepts from Wikipedia's knowledge base. The subject of this study was links extracted from all revisions of the COVID-19 article between February and September 2020. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed on these conceptual structures using both synchronic and diachronic approaches.FindingsIt was found that the evolution of anchors in the Wikipedia article on COVID-19 was in line with the mechanism of symbolic coping related to infectious disease. It went through stages of divergence, convergence and normalization. It shows that this mechanism governs the social organization of knowledge related to COVID-19 on Wikipedia.Originality/valueNo studies have been devoted to the image of COVID-19 as presented by the evolution of links in Wikipedia and its implications for knowledge organization (KO).
A systematic literature review on image information needs and behaviors
Authors: Cho Hyerim , Pham Minh T.N. , Leonard Katherine N. , Urban Alex C. 
Published: May 2021

PurposeWith ready access to search engines and social media platforms, the way people find image information has evolved and diversified in the past two decades. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the literature on image information needs and behaviors.Design/methodology/approachFollowing an eight-step procedure for conducting systematic literature reviews, the paper presents an analysis of peer-reviewed work on image information needs and behaviors, with publications ranging from the years 1997 to 2019.FindingsApplication of the inclusion criteria led to 69 peer-reviewed works. These works were synthesized according to the following categories: research methods, users targeted, image types, identified needs, search behaviors and search obstacles. The reviewed studies show that people seek and use images for multiple reasons, including entertainment, illustration, aesthetic appreciation, knowledge construction, engagement, inspiration and social interactions. The reviewed studies also report that common strategies for image searches include keyword searches with short queries, browsing, specialization and reformulation. Observed trends suggest common deployment of query analysis, survey questionnaires and undergraduate participant pools to research image information needs and behavior.Originality/valueAt this point, after more than two decades of image information needs research, a holistic systematic review of the literature was long overdue. The way users find image information has evolved and diversified due to technological developments in image retrieval. By synthesizing this burgeoning field into specific foci, this systematic literature review provides a foundation for future empirical investigation. With this foundation set, the paper then pinpoints key research gaps to investigate, particularly the influence of user expertise, a need for more diverse population samples, a dearth of qualitative data, new search features and information and visual literacies instruction.
On the asymmetries created by the Great Recession in the US real estate market
Authors: Fofack Achille Dargaud , Temkeng Serge Djoudji , Oppong Clement 
Published: May 2021

PurposeThis paper aims at analyzing the asymmetries created by the Great Recession in the US real estate sector.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses a Markov-switching dynamic regression model in which parameters change when the housing market moves from one regime to the other.FindingsThe results show that the effect of real estate loans, interest rate, quantitative easing and working age population are asymmetric across bull and bear regimes. It is also found that the estimated parameters are larger in bull regime than bear regime, indicating a tendency to create house price bubbles in bull market.Practical implicationsSince three of those asymmetric variables (real estate loans, interest rate and quantitative easing) are related to monetary policy, the Fed can mitigate their impact on an interest-sensitive sector such as housing by engaging in a countercyclical monetary policy.Originality/valueThe estimated intercept and the variance parameter both vary from one regime to the other, thus justifying the use of a regime-dependent model.
Can we trust AI? An empirical investigation of trust requirements and guide to successful AI adoption
Authors: Bedué Patrick , Fritzsche Albrecht 
Published: May 2021

Purpose Artificial intelligence (AI) fosters economic growth and opens up new directions for innovation. However, the diffusion of AI proceeds very slowly and falls behind, especially in comparison to other technologies. An important path leading to better adoption rates identified is trust-building. Particular requirements for trust and their relevance for AI adoption are currently insufficiently addressed.Design/methodology/approachTo close this gap, the authors follow a qualitative approach, drawing on the extended valence framework by assessing semi-structured interviews with experts from various companies.FindingsThe authors contribute to research by finding several subcategories for the three main trust dimensions ability, integrity and benevolence, thereby revealing fundamental differences for building trust in AI compared to more traditional technologies. In particular, the authors find access to knowledge, transparency, explainability, certification, as well as self-imposed standards and guidelines to be important factors that increase overall trust in AI.Originality/valueThe results show how the valence framework needs to be elaborated to become applicable to the AI context and provide further structural orientation to better understand AI adoption intentions. This may help decision-makers to identify further requirements or strategies to increase overall trust in their AI products, creating competitive and operational advantage.
The role of dispositional mindfulness in employee readiness for change during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Roemer Anja , Sutton Anna , Medvedev Oleg N. 
Published: May 2021

PurposeThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has forced organisations to change the way they work to maintain viability, even though change is not always successfully implemented. Multiple scholars have identified employees' readiness for change as an important factor of successful organisational change, but research focussed on psychological factors that facilitate change readiness is scarce. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether employee dispositional mindfulness contributes to readiness for change.Design/methodology/approachEmployees (n = 301) from various industries in New Zealand participated in an online survey shortly after the local COVID-19 lockdown ended. The employees' levels of mindfulness, readiness for change, well-being and distress were assessed using well-validated psychometric scales. Multiple regression analyses tested the effect of mindfulness on readiness for change, with well-being and distress as moderating variables.FindingsThe results show that the effect of mindfulness on readiness for change is moderated by both well-being and distress. Mindfulness has a positive, significant effect on readiness for change when levels of well-being are high and levels of distress are low.Practical implicationsThese findings have important implications for organisations who aim to promote readiness for change in their employees. Even though mindfulness has been shown to be beneficial, organisations also have to consider the mental states of their employees when managing change.Originality/valueThis study provides empirical evidence that dispositional mindfulness may facilitate the employees' readiness for change, but only when levels of well-being are high and distress are low.
Food assistance in Portugal: organizational challenges in three different contexts
Authors: Augusto Fábio Rafael 
Published: May 2021

PurposeDrawing on an ethnographic research study, developed in three different food assistance initiatives (FAIs) operating in Portugal, this article seeks to explore the elements that characterize them and the main organizational challenges they face.Design/methodology/approachParticipant observation was carried out in a surplus food redistribution charity, a soup kitchen and a social supermarket, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with supervisors of these FAIs. The study followed an inductive coding strategy, and a thematic analysis was developed.FindingsThe main results point to an appreciation of the initiatives and the role they play, but they also highlight the existence of several challenges, mainly related to: 1) difficulties in accessing sources of funding, 2) the absence of an intervening state and 3) a scarcity of resources that allow a thorough assessment of their activities and services provided, which weakens the public image of these responses.Originality/valueThe development of food assistance in Europe has a long history. Over the past few years, this sector has grown significantly. Nowadays, it is possible to identify several realities around emergency food provision. However, this heterogeneity has not been sufficiently explored in the literature. In addition, there are few studies that report on the variety of initiatives that coexist in Portugal and establish a comparison between them. The current paper intends to overcome this gap by seeking to understand the main models of food assistance operating in the country.