bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Future generation of combined multimodal approach to treat brain glioblastoma multiforme and potential impact on micturition control
Authors: Zeng Xiao Xue , Zeng Jianwen , Zhu Baoyi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Glioblastoma remains lethal even when treated with standard therapy. This review aims to outline the recent development of various advanced therapeutics for glioblastoma and briefly discuss the potential impact of glioblastoma and some of its therapeutic approaches on the neurological function micturition control. Although immunotherapy led to success in treating hematological malignancies, but no similar success occurred in treatment for brain glioblastoma. Neither regenerative medicine nor stem cell therapy led to astounding success in glioblastoma. However, CRISPR Cas system holds potential in multiple applications due to its capacity to knock-in and knock-out genes, modify immune cells and cell receptors, which will enable it to address clinical challenges in immunotherapy such as CAR-T and regenerative therapy for brain glioblastoma, improving the precision and safety of these approaches. The studies mentioned in this review could indicate that glioblastoma is a malignant disease with multiple sophisticated barriers to be overcome and more challenges might arise in the attempt of researchers to yield a successful cure. A multimodal approach of future generation of refined and safe therapeutics derived from CRISPR Cas therapeutics, immunotherapy, and regenerative therapeutics mentioned in this review might prolong survival or even contribute towards a potential cure for glioblastoma.
Characteristics of phantom limb pain in U.S. civilians and service members
Authors: Griffin Sarah C. , Alphonso Aimee L. , Tung Monica , Finn Sacha , Perry Briana N. , Hill Wendy , O’Connell Colleen , Hanling Steven R. , Goff Brandon J. , Pasquina Paul F. , Tsao Jack 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The population of Americans with limb loss is on the rise, with a different profile than in previous generations (e.g., greater incidence of amputation due to diabetes). This study aimed to identify the key characteristics of phantom limb sensation (PLS) and pain (PLP) in a current sample of Americans with limb loss.

Methods
This cross-sectional study is the first large-scale (n=649) study on PLP in the current population of Americans with limb loss. A convenience sample of military and civilian persons missing one or more major limbs was surveyed regarding their health history and experience with phantom limb phenomena.

Results
Of the participants surveyed, 87% experienced PLS and 82% experienced PLP. PLS and PLP typically first occurred immediately after amputation (47% of cases), but for a small percentage (3–4%) onset did not occur until over a year after amputation. Recent PLP severity decreased over time (β=0.028, 95% CI: −0.05–0.11), but most participants reported PLP even 10 years after amputation. Higher levels of recent PLP were associated with telescoping (β=0.123, 95% CI: 0.04–0.21) and higher levels of pre-amputation pain (β=0.104, 95% CI: 0.03–0.18). Those with congenitally missing limbs experienced lower levels of recent PLP (t (37.93)=3.93, p<0.01) but there were no consistent differences in PLP between other amputation etiologies.

Conclusions
Phantom limb phenomena are common and enduring. Telescoping and pre-amputation pain are associated with higher PLP. Persons with congenitally missing limbs experience lower levels of PLP than those with amputation(s), yet PLP is common even in this subpopulation.
Mathieu-state reordering in periodic thermodynamics
Authors: Diermann Onno R. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A periodically driven, moderately anharmonic oscillator constitutes an ideal model system for investigating quantum resonances, which are amenable to a quantum pendulum approximation. In the present paper, I study the quasi-stationary Floquet-state occupation probabilities which emerge when such a resonantly driven system is coupled to a heat bath. It is demonstrated that the Floquet state which is associated with the ground state of the pendulum turns into an effective ground state, carrying the highest population in the strong-driving regime. Moreover, the population of this effective Floquet ground state can even exceed that of the undriven system’s true ground state at the same bath temperature. These effects can be optimized by suitably engineering the properties of the bath.
Effect of Aged Binder Distribution on the Fracture Tolerance of Asphalt Mixtures with Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement
Authors: Yan Yu , Hernando David , Park Bongsuk , Tebaldi Gabriele , Roque Reynaldo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This study investigated the effect of the distribution of aged binder from reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) on the fracture tolerance of recycled asphalt mixtures. Two RAP sources (one coarse, one fine), one virgin polymer-modified asphalt binder, and four RAP contents (0 %, 20 %, 30 %, and 40 %) were used to produce a total of seven mixtures. Fracture tolerance was assessed in terms of fracture energy density (FED) at three levels: binder, interstitial component (IC) (composed of effective binder and fine aggregate fraction), and mixture. Binder fracture energy tests were conducted to measure the FED of blends of virgin and recovered RAP binder. IC direct tension tests were employed to determine the IC FED. Finally, Superpave indirect tensile fracture tests were performed to obtain the FED of RAP mixtures. FED decreased with increasing RAP content at the three levels (binder, IC, and mixture). More importantly, IC and mixture exhibited almost identical FED reductions in relative terms, while the reduction was less significant at binder level. This finding indicates that the full blending scenario artificially created at the binder level did not occur at IC and mixture levels. Furthermore, the coarse RAP yielded greater FED than the fine RAP, which substantiates that RAP gradation controls the distribution of RAP binder in recycled mixtures. Consequently, the lower content of aged RAP binder in the IC portion for mixtures with the coarser RAP resulted in better fracture tolerance. The application of a newly developed guideline for determining the maximum allowable RAP content in recycled mixtures confirmed that the coarser RAP used in this study allows for a greater RAP content than the finer RAP despite the stiffer RAP binder.
Perceptual Fading of a Stabilized Cortical Image: Replication in the Undergraduate Classroom
Authors: Massa Nicole B. , Deck Jacob H. , Grubb Michael A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractProlonged exposure to a stimulus causes desensitization of cortical neurons and results in perceptual changes. One example of this phenomenon is contrast adaptation, in which perceived differences between light and dark regions of a stimulus decrease. Blakemore, Muncey, and Ridley reported evidence for the “perceptual fading of a stabilized cortical image” in a 1971Naturepaper. Our goal was to replicate their second experiment, in which adaptation was measured across many contrasts, and develop an active learning exercise for undergraduate students. The experiment was coded using an open-source python package and psychophysical data were collected from two observers. On each trial, a sinusoidally modulated luminance grating appeared above fixation, and the task of the observer was to adjust the contrast of a grating below fixation until the two appeared identical. Between trials in the adaptation condition, a high contrast grating was presented in the top location; no such grating appeared between trials in the control condition. Contrast matches showed a clear reduction during the adaptation condition, thus demonstrating perceptual fading and a successful replication of Blakemore et al. (1971). We then simplified the approach and modified the code to create a single, seamless experience for use in the classroom. With instructions and theoretical background provided in a one-page handout, students can perform the experiment on themselves and view their results in an automatically generated figure. This exercise, a primary example of active learning, will help students gain a first-hand understanding of the perceptual effects of adaptation.
Prevalencia de lesiones y fitness en universitarios
Authors: Muñoz Carlos G. , Reina Santiago F. , Cifuentes Santiago V. 
Published: September 2021

El agrado de las personas por realizar actividad física a través de las prácticas deportivas relacionadas con las modalidades del fitness y la presencia de lesiones en sus participantes han tenido un gran aumento en las últimas décadas. Por tanto, este artículo de investigación buscó evidenciar la prevalencia de lesiones en los estudiantes de la Universidad Santo Tomás (USTA) de Bogotá, Colombia. Esta investigación presenta un diseño no experimental de carácter transversal. Para el análisis se utilizó el instrumento CLUP-F con el que se identificaron la modalidad de fitness que practican, el tiempo de práctica, la cantidad de veces que se lesionan y la región corporal afectada. Los datos estadísticos fueron analizados utilizando hojas de cálculo en Excel (versión 2016). Los resultados indicaron que todas las modalidades presentan un índice lesivo mayor o igual al 50 % de sus participantes, así como una predominancia de las lesiones sobre la articulación del hombro. A su vez, los practicantes de halterofilia y calistenia presentan el mayor porcentaje de participantes lesionados.
La posmodernidad en los fundamentos del sistema educativo costarricense
Authors: Solís Vargas Yors Guillermo 
Published: September 2021

El siguiente ensayo tiene como propósito principal argumentar a favor de que el paradigma de la complejidad, nuevo fundamento de la actual Política Educativa de Costa Rica, es posmodernista. Para este propósito, se utilizó una metodología de revisión de textos, entre los cuales, están documentos filosóficos, políticos, educativos y artículos académicos. Al final, después de exponer una serie de reflexiones críticas, se cerró el texto con una breve conclusión, visualizada desde la posmodernidad y el pensamiento complejo, que invita a reflexionar sobre la educación de dicho país.
Elementos teórico-metodológicos que sustentan el papel de investigación en la Maestría Profesional en Planificación de la Universidad Nacional
Authors: Láscarez Smith Daniel , Ortega Ortega Angel Abelino , Morales Abarca Luis Fernando 
Published: September 2021

Una de las principales preocupaciones que expresan los estudiantes que cursan alguno de los dos énfasis de la Maestría Profesional de Planificación (MPP)1 está relacionada, por un lado, con las características administrativas y formativas que tienen las maestrías profesionales y las maestrías académicas; por otro lado, os alcances y las formas que adquiere la investigación científica en el ámbito profesional de la planificación. Esto ha derivado en que, en los últimos años, las personas estudiantes de la maestría experimenten dificultades para plantear, de forma clara y exitosa, las propuestas de trabajos finales de graduación (TFG). Este artículo es el resultado de un proceso de investigación, realizado con las personas estudiantes, con las personas expertas curriculistas y con el cuerpo docente de la Maestría Profesional en Planificación, sobre la relevancia de la investigación científica en contextos profesionales de la Planificación. Mediante una metodología cualitativa, se obtuvieron importantes hallazgos acerca de las dificultades epistemológicas y técnicas que emergen al proponer una investigación en ámbitos técnicos y profesionales. Trabajar sobre estos hallazgos permite mejorar la orientación científica y pedagógica de los nuevos estudiantes en relación con la comprensión del objeto de estudio de la planificación en el ámbito profesional y cómo la investigación aplicada juega un papel fundamental para el análisis del contexto sociopolítico, económico e institucional.
Praxis pedagógica desde la inclusividad: Una mirada a la docencia universitaria de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica
Authors: Valdivia Durán Stephanie 
Published: September 2021

Today, inclusive educational practices are currently a challenge in Costa Rica; specifically, in the area of education, there are many aspects that need to be improved. This situation is not unrelated to higher education, so in this paper is intended to approach how educational practices are lived in the actual practice of university teaching at Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica. This will be done with the aim of knowing what progress has been made and what challenges still need to be addressed immediately. As a result, the reality of the population with disabilities is contextualized; a conceptual and historical clarification about inclusion is made; and the legislation protecting this population, the scope, and challenges in terms of inclusion faced by faculty at Universidad Nacional are described along with a series of proposals that the university could consider to face the challenges encountered.
Modelo pedagógico helicoidal para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de la química en entornos universitarios
Authors: Rojas Ulate Marcos 
Published: September 2021

Scientific university pedagogy has several shortcomings related to the educational system that affect students’ professional growth. Due to this situation, a new pedagogical model is required to solve these problems and limitations. Helical pedagogy establishes the necessity to set up an emotional, retroactive, interconnected, and gradient education to help students apply knowledge during every single moment of their labor or academic life. Through the stimulation of some mental processes related to human beings during their entire life (childhood or adulthood), knowledge can be created faster and in an easier way. Still, also a solid platform is required which contributes to the helical learning, for instance, individual projects, dynamic classes with two or more professors, and, of course, the avoidance of lectures and traditional evaluation methods. These changes do not mean that the quality of the educational system should be lower. The only objective of this new pedagogical method is to improve the way that chemistry is being learned by the students and also to make them more confident about their potential. This will happen if they change their perspective and vision about their studies and professional careers. This helical model seeks to transform the way to understand chemical pedagogy by using theoretical and praxeological proposals applicable in any context around the world.
European Union–Ukraine Association Agreement: Challenges and Prospects for Cooperation
Authors: Durman Olena , Durman Mykola , Mazievich Tatyana , Zhiliaieva Oksana , Arkhypenko Svitlana 
Published: September 2021

The purpose was to substantiate the features and determine an effective strategy for Ukraine's Eurointegration. Used a theoretical analysis of reports on the fulfillment of the terms of the European Union (EU)–Ukraine Association Agreement (AA), we identified the problems and destructive factors of the European integration for Ukraine. The graph theory helped to prioritize these problems in the context of implementing the AA's tasks. Constructed neural models and elasticity coefficients provided a quantitative assessment of the adequate performance of strategic functions within the framework of the AA for Ukraine has been carried out. Priority of conduction tasks argued the importance of implementing a strategy of moderate adaptation for Ukraine to increase the positive effect of cooperation with the EU and sustainable development of the country
Why gender is relevant to materials science and engineering
Authors: Pollitzer Elizabeth 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFor historical reasons science today has substantially more evidence for males and men than for females and women, which means that quality of research and innovation outcomes may often be worse for women than for men. I explore how the gender dimension—a term used to mean effects of biological (sex) and/or socio-cultural (gender) characteristics—fits into new materials research and engineering and especially in nano-materials applications. Horizon Europe expects that grant proposals should include explanation if gender dimension is relevant to the project’s objectives. This paper shows that often the answer should be yes it is.
Expression of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases type 1 and type 2 in the leaflets of explanted bioprosthetic heart valves: a new pathogenetic parallel between structural valve degeneration and calcific aortic stenosis
Authors: Kostyunin A. E. , Glushkova T. V. , Bogdanov L. A. , Ovcharenko E. A. 
Published: September 2021

Objective: to study cellular and lipid infiltration, as well as the expression of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP) types 1 and 2 in biological prosthetic heart valves (BPHVs) explanted due to dysfunction.Material and Methods. We examined 17 leaflets from 6 BPHVs, dissected from the aortic and mitral positions during valve replacement. For microscopic analysis, fragments of the BPHV leaflets were frozen and serial sections were made using a cryotome. In order to study cellular infiltration and the degree of degenerative changes in the prosthetic biomaterial, the sections were stained with Gill’s hematoxylin and eosin; Oil Red O stain was used to assess lipid deposition. Immunohistochemistry was used for cell typing and detection of TIMP-1/-2. The stained samples were analyzed by light microscopy.Results. Cellular and lipid infiltration of xenogeneic tissues was detected in all BPHV flaps studied. Recipient cells coexpressed pan-leukocyte and macrophage markers PTPRC/CD45 and CD68. Positive staining for TIMP-1/-2 co-localized with cell clusters but was absent in acellular sections.Conclusion. Cells infiltrating xenogeneic BPHV tissues express TIMP-1/-2. This suggests that BPHV immune rejection pathophysiology is partially similar to that of calcific aortic stenosis.
Neuropsychological development of children with biliary atresia after liver transplantation
Authors: Syrkina A. V. , Pashkova I. E. , Monakhov A. R. , Silina O. V. , Chekletsova E. V. , Oleshkevich S. Yu. , Komarova I. B. , Tsirulnikova O. M. 
Published: September 2021

Background. In young children, the most common liver disease leading to transplantation is biliary atresia. Liver transplantation has fundamentally improved the survival rate of children with biliary atresia. Studies on developmental outcomes in children are mostly limited to small samples; there are no such studies in the Russian Federation.Objective: to determine the cognitive outcomes in children undergoing one-stage or two-stage surgical treatment of biliary atresia.Materials and Methods. 83 children were divided into groups: 36 children underwent transplantation without previous surgical interventions (group 1), 47 children underwent the Kasai palliative portoenterostomy (group 2). Inclusion criteria: 24 months of age or younger at the moment of transplantation, no medical history of neurological pathology. All children were examined before transplantation and at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after liver transplantation. Psychomotor development was assessed using the Griffiths Psychomotor Development Scale for children under 24 months (translated by E.S. Keshishian), the Griffiths Intellectual Development Scale for children aged 2 to 8 years, and the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, for children 16-30 months old.Results. All children had developmental delays at the time of transplantation. Up to 50% of the children had signs of cachexia, with a shoulder circumference of less than 3 percentile. Only two children showed obvious hepatic encephalopathy in the form of depressed consciousness. After liver transplantation, 94% of group 1 children recovered their preoperative psychomotor development levels, and only 68% in group 2 made these gains. At 3 and 6 months after transplantation, about 80% of group 1 children showed normal psychomotor development, whereas in group 2, only 61% did. By 12 months after liver transplantation, the difference between the groups was more evident: 83.3% of group 1 children and only 53.2% of group 2 children were developing according to age. The difference between the groups was statistically significant (p < 0.05).Conclusion. Children who received one-stage treatment of biliary atresia and underwent liver transplantation have better neuropsychological development within a year after surgery than children with two-stage surgical treatment.
Evaluation of Hematological Parameters in Predicting Short-Term Mortality for COVID 19 Patients with Gastrointestinal Symptoms: A Case-Control Study
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Serdar , ALGIN Abdullah 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Due to local and systemic pathological mechanisms, the laboratory parameters -especially hematological parameters of patients with gastrointestinal symptoms may differ from those without. We aimed to investigate the difference between the hematological parameters of COVID 19 patients with gastrointestinal symptoms and those without.
Material and methods: Our study was designed as a retrospective case-control study. The case group consisted of COVID 19 patients with confirmed gastrointestinal symptoms. The control group consisted of COVID 19 patients without gastrointestinal symptoms. The hematological parameters of the patients were compared statistically.
Results: One hundred and thirty patients were included in the case group, and 130 patients were included in control group. There was no statistical difference between the groups in terms of white blood cell count, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, platelet count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean platelet volume, mean corpuscular volume, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio (p values: 0.642, 0.987, 0.132, 0.835, 0.306, 0.430, 0.057, 0.735, 0.321, 0.031, respectively)
Conclusion: There is no significant difference between the COVID 19 patients with gastrointestinal symptoms and those without in the terms of the hematological parameters.
Validação de um protótipo de anemoscópio baseado em um magnetômetro por meio da comparação com uma estação automática vaisala modelo wxt510
Authors: Sanches Sergio Roberto , Suski Cássio Aurélio , Quadro Mário Francisco Leal de 
Published: September 2021

Devido a sua alta variabilidade espacial e temporal, a direção do vento é um dos elementos meteorológicos que necessitam precisão e eficiência em sua medida. Este artigo tem por objetivo a validação de um protótipo de anemoscópio construído baseado em um
magnetômetro, pela comparação com os dados medidos por uma estação meteorológica portátil marca Vaisala modelo WXT510. O desenvolvimento do protótipo se dividiu em: (i) fabricação do conjunto mecânico, (ii) fabricação do conjunto eletrônico; (iii) programação do controlador Arduino e (iv) coleta e tratamento dos dados de direção do vento. A leitura da direção do vento se dá no alinhamento entre o corpo móvel com o ímã de neodímio embutido e o vento, sendo que o magnetômetro mede o campo magnético e envia os dados para um controlador Arduino, que calcula a direção do campo magnético com os dados obtidos, gravando a média desta direção a cada minuto em um cartão de memórias SD (Secure digital). O protótipo foi colocado em teste em campo ao lado de uma estação portátil, marca Vaisala, modelo WXT510, durante 47 dias (entre agosto e setembro de 2019), com as duas estações gravando os dados de direção do vento a cada minuto.