bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aquatain® Causes Anti-Oviposition, Egg Retention, Oocyte Melanization and Triggers Female Death in Ae. Aegypti
Authors: DIENG HAMADY , McLean Storm , Stradling Holly , Morgan Cole , Gordon Malik , Ebanks Whitney , Ebanks Zoila , Wheeler Alan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: In arboviral disease systems where the virus can be transmitted from male to female and from one generation to the next, targeting the female (especially when she is pregnant) can help alter the persistence of the virus in nature and its transmission. This is typical of Ae. aegypti, which has been unmanageable due to the development of insecticide resistance. Despite evidence that monomolecular surface films prevent the selection of genetic resistance, their potential in Aedes vector control remains largely unexplored. Methods: We examined the oviposition, egg retention, oocyte melanization, and female mortality of the Cayman Islands strain of Ae. aegypti, using choice and no-choice bioassays involving Aquatain® Mosquito Formulation (AMF). Results: When presented with similar opportunities to oviposit in two sites treated with AMF and two others with water (control), egg deposition rates were significantly higher in water than in oil presence. We also observed a matching pattern of egg deposition preference in arenas with more options in AMF-treated sites. Females laid appreciably more eggs when water was the only available medium than when all sites were treated with AMF. Also, considerably more mature eggs were withheld in the AMF no-choice arena than in the no-choice test involving only water. Internal oocyte melanization was not observed in females from the oviposition arenas with the lowest oil presence (equal-choice and water-based no-choice); in contrast, this physiological response intensified as the number of AMF-treated sites increased. Female death occurred at high rates in AMF-treated environments, and this response increased with the increasing presence of such egg deposition sites. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that AMF acted as a deterrent signal to ovipositing Ae. aegypti and an indirect adulticide. Referring to its previously reported direct toxicity on the aquatic stages of this mosquito and its biodegradability, AMF should be incorporated as a critical component in integrated control strategies for dengue and related diseases.
Deep Eutectic Solvent Dyeing of Cellulose Acetate Nanofibers With Disperse Dyes: Kinetics, Isotherm and Thermodynamic Studies
Authors: Tarique Muhammad , Fatima Winges , Mahar Faraz Khan , Li Min , Gu Jing , Ahmed Farooq , Khatri Zeeshan , Wei Kai 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) was introduced more than a decade ago and has been used in variety of applications based on their unique chemical and physical properties. Recently, they have shown a considerable attention in various sectors including nanotechnology because they have distinctive features as “New green solvents”. Within this scope of work, we introduced choline chloride (CC) as a DES which is nontoxic, inexpensive and has tendency to improve color yield properties of disperse dyes on the nanofibers membrane. Cellulose acetate nanofibers (CANF) were electrospun and dyed with Color Index Disperse Red 277, Color Index Disperse Blue 165:1, and Color Index Disperse Yellow 211 in Choline chloride:Ethylene glycol (CC:EG) media and Choline chloride:Urea (CC:Urea) media by using high-temperature exhaust method. Results revealed that dyeing of CANF by CC:EG media has good color fixation properties than CC:Urea media. The dyed samples were characterized by FTIR and SEM. Further, the thermodynamic, standard affinities, and kinetic parameters have also been analyzed. The proposed dyeing of CANF with DES showed excellent calorimetric properties within a short interval of time as compared to conventional dyeing process.
Urban Green Spaces As Promoters of Healthy Living: Evidence From Putrajaya, Malaysia
Authors: Danjaji Abdulrahman Saadu , Danladi Mohammed , Adamu Abdullahi , Danladi Haruna Musa 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Open spaces have a significant positive impact on the overall well-being of the residents of urban areas and the influence on the use of recreational facilities due to the extent of the residents' engagement with these infrastructures and active lifestyles. The effectiveness of using these spaces on the well-being of residents is on their relative quality, quantity, and accessibility. Putrajaya houses 350,000 residents; about 4,931 (37%) of the total landmass was designated as open space to have a balanced city. Four of the twenty open spaces were purposeful selected based on their respective quality and services for the harmonious development of Putrajaya. A convenient sampling technique (non-probability) determines the respondents in each designated open space. This research used the survey data collection method to collect the primary data, using a cross-sectional approach. Pearson product-moment correlation analysis was used to determine the extent and direction of the relationship between open space attributes and health promotion. And multiple regression analysis (entered method) was adopted to predict the health promotion' of residents who visited the provided open spaces based on their respective quality, quantity, and accessibility. The results reveal that the areas' sizes, existing facilities, and greenness are the predominant influencing incentives that attract patronage by both local and international users. Meanwhile, when designing open space to promote the health status of respective users, effort must be toward providing high aesthetic quality in sufficient quantity and size, as indicated in this study.
Controlling the Uncontrollable! Danish Citizens’ Attitudes Towards the COVID-19 Vaccination Program – a Qualitative Case Study Employing the Lens of Bourdieu’s Practice Theory
Authors: Missel Malene , Bernild Camilla , Højskov Ida Elisabeth , Berg Selina 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Vaccination is an effective choice to stop the COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccine hesitancy may, however, be a threat to global health. What is structuring and at stake regarding citizens’ attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination in a society is not yet well understood. The aim was therefore to assess how the attitudes and beliefs of Danish citizens regarding the offer of a COVID-19 vaccine are expressed to make us wiser as to why people have the attitudes towards the vaccination program that they have.Methods: The study was designed as a qualitative case study including 25 citizens from different parts of Denmark and with different sociodemographic backgrounds. Data were collected through individual interviews and analyzed and interpreted through the lens of Bourdieu’s practice theory; the focus being especially on structures, habitus and capital within a health field. Findings: The findings highlight structures that regulate vaccination attitudes in the individual in which perceptions of being included or excluded in the logic of the state are particularly relevant. The individual’s usual social network seemed to have less structuring importance for their attitudes for or against COVID-19 vaccination. Participants’ health habitus was challenged by COVID-19 vaccination, and it had an impact on their attitudes whether they considered health, illness, and body as an individual or collective responsibility. The collection of health capital and positioning in relation to COVID-19 vaccination attitudes was essential, for which, however, unequal dispositions and conditions for the acquisition of knowledge were decisive.Conclusions: A belief in vaccination as a way out of the pandemic is seen in citizens who share the basic truth of the state, while holding attitudes against vaccination excludes individuals from community and society. Vaccination is for some citizens of no meaning, and they perceive receiving a vaccination as being made sick, while others highlight a collective responsibility to get vaccinated. Those who have the relevant capital, in the form of expert opinions and knowledge from highly educated people in their close social network, receive support from a collective capital, while other citizens might lack the right to express and act in relation to different approaches to knowledge.
Altered intestinal microbiota are associated with sleep disturbances in patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy caused by hepatitis B-related liver cirrhosis
Authors: Luo MIng , Hu Fang-Rui , Li Yu-Zhen , Yao Li , Hu Sheng-Juan , Bai Fei-Hu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective
Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) caused by liver cirrhosis is quite prevalent, and approximately one-half of MHE patients have experience sleep disturbances. This study systematically evaluated the association between sleep disturbances and altered intestinal microbiota in patients with MHE caused by hepatitis B-related liver cirrhosis.
Methods
Ninety-eight and 45 MHE patients were respectively included in the exploration and validation cohorts. The Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire was used to evaluate sleep disturbances. The intestinal microbiota of self-collected fecal samples was analyzed using the amplicon sequencing of bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene.
Results
MHE patients with sleep disturbances were characterized by lower bacterial diversities and distinct microbial composition in comparison to those without sleep disturbances. The relative abundances of Salivarius, Veillonella, Klebsiella, and Eubacterium were independent predictors of sleep disturbances in MHE patients. In MHE patients with sleep disturbances, the relative abundances of Salivarius and Veillonella were positively correlated with PSQI scores, respectively. Functional modules involved in lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, as well as protein digestion and absorption, were increased in the microbiome of MHE patients with sleep disturbances.
Conclusion
Salivarius and Veillonella may be potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for sleep disturbances in MHE patients.
A Novel Method for Measuring the Length of Hot Large Forgings Based on Machine Vision System
Authors: Wang Bangguo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Large forgings can be applied to manufacture key parts in large equipment used in petrochemical, shipbuilding, aerospace, nuclear industry. At present, the size of hot large forgings is mainly measured by hand-hold calipers or mechanical gauges through contact measurement method. In order to realize non-contact length measurement of hot large forgings, a novel method for measuring the length of hot large forgings based on machine vision system is proposed. Firstly, the light strips are recognized according to the continuous characteristics of the light stripes in the image acquired by the hot forging dimension measurement system based on machine vision. Secondly, using the sub-pixel edge of light strips acquired by the improved sub-pixel edge detection algorithm, the three-dimension (3D) points of each edge of light strips are calculated, respectively. Lastly, the two-dimensional (2D) points projected from the 3D points onto the fitted plane are used for curve fitting, and the edge of hot part corresponding to each light strip edge is calculated according to the curvature of the fitted curves. The distance between the start point and the edge point on each light strip edge is considered as the length of hot forging at the corresponding edge of each light strip. The length measurement experiment shows that the method can be used to calculate the length of hot large forgings. The measurement error of the length measurement system when measuring part at room temperature is 0.547%. The time for measuring the length of hot forging is 6.8s.
Third COVID-19 Vaccine Dose Boosts Neutralizing Antibodies in Poor Responders
Authors: Lake Douglas , Roeder Alexa , Gonzalez-Moa Maria , Koehler Megan , Kaleta Erin , Jasbi Paniz , Vanderhoof John , McKechnie Davis , Forman Jack , Edwards Baylee , Seit-Nebi Alim , Svarovsky Sergei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background While evaluating COVID-19 vaccine responses using a rapid neutralizing antibody (NAb) test, we observed that 25% of RNA vaccine recipients did not neutralize >50%. We termed this group “vaccine poor responders” (VPRs). The objective of this study was to determine if individuals who neutralized <50% would remain VPRs, or if a third dose would elicit high levels of NAbs. Methods 269 healthy individuals ranging in age from 19 to 80 (Average age = 51; 165 females and 104 males) who received either BNT162b2 (Pfizer) or mRNA1273 (Moderna) vaccines were evaluated. NAb levels were measured: i) 2-4 weeks after a second vaccine dose, ii) 2-4 months after the second dose, iii) within 1-2 weeks prior to a third dose and iv) 2-4 weeks after a third RNA vaccine dose. Results Analysis of vaccine recipients revealed that 25% did not neutralize above 50% (Median neutralization = 21%, titers <1:80) within a month after their second dose. Twenty-three of these VPRs obtained a third dose of either BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccine 1-8 months (average = 5 months) after their second dose. Within a month after their third dose, VPRs showed an average 20-fold increase in NAb levels (range: 46%-99%). Conclusions The results suggest that VPRs are not permanently poor responders; they can generate high NAb levels with an additional vaccine dose. Although it is not known what levels of NAbs protect from infection or disease, those in high-risk professions may wish to keep peripheral NAb levels high, limiting infection, and potential transmission.
A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study on the Phonology-related Pathways in Cantonese-mandarin Bilinguals.
Authors: Xu Xiaoyu , Jin Yuying , Pan Ning , Cao Muqing , Jing Jin , Ma Jingwen , Fan Xiaoxuan , Tan Si , Song Xiaojing , Li Xiuhong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Cantonese and Mandarin are logographic languages, and the phonology is the main difference between the two languages. It is unclear whether long-term experience of Cantonese-Mandarin bilingualism will shape different brain white matter structures of pathways related to phonological processing. 30 Cantonese-Mandarin bilinguals and 30 Mandarin monolinguals completed diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) scans and phonological processing tasks. The tractography and TBSS were used to investigate the structural differences in the bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF) and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF) between Cantonese-Mandarin bilinguals and Mandarin monolinguals. Post-hoc correlation analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between the different structures with phonological processing skills. Compared to the Mandarin monolinguals, the Cantonese-Mandarin bilinguals had higher fractional anisotropy (FA) along the left ILF, higher mean diffusivity (MD) in the clusters along the temporoparietal segment of SLF (tSLF), as well as higher axial diffusivity (AD) in the right tSLF, IFOF, bilateral ILF. The mean AD of the different voxels in the right IFOF and the mean FA of the different voxels in the left ILF were positively correlated with the inverse efficiency score (IES) of the Cantonese auditory and Mandarin visual rhyming judgment tasks respectively within the bilingual group. Long-term experience of Cantonese-Mandarin bilinguals shape different brain white matter structures including right tSLF, IFOF, bilateral ILF. The bilinguals’ white matter showed higher diffusivity, especially in the axonal direction, than the monolinguals. These changes were related to bilinguals’ phonological processing.
Identification of an age-related Parkinson's disease risk factor that regulates sulfur metabolism
Authors: Lau Shong , Stern Shani , Linker Sara , Silva Ioana Da , Nakatsuka Nako , Tampé Juliane , Beltrán-Arranz Ana , Haliburton Ian , Rivera Coral Castro , Spiesshofer Nicolas , Brice Alexis , Winner Beate , Winkler Jurgen , Manole Andreea , Wood Nicholas , Houlden Henry , Gage Fred 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Human aging is the main risk factor for Parkinson’s disease (PD). To better understand age-related PD pathogenesis, we modeled PD with directly reprogrammed dopaminergic neurons (iDA) which preserve donor aging signatures. By transcriptome analysis and immunohistochemistry on postmortem tissues, we identified a sulfurtransferase, TSTD1, to be upregulated in aged and diseased individuals. TSTD1 catalyzes sulfur transfer from thiosulfate to glutathione (GSH). GSH and cysteine were significantly decreased in dopaminergic (DA) neurons with TSTD1 overexpression. Lower intracellular H2S levels and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were identified in aged, PD iDA, and TSTD1 overexpressing embryonic stem cell (ES)-derived DA neurons. TSTD1 overexpression could lead to GAPDH inhibition and energy deficiency in neurons. We hypothesize that TSTD1 upregulation in aged and PD individuals could disrupt sulfur metabolism which compromises anti-oxidant capacity and energy production in neurons; both of these mechanisms have been implicated as triggers for DA neuronal degeneration in PD.
Hydrogen Sulfide Inhibits Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type-1 (HTLV-1) Protein Expression via Regulation of ATG4B
Authors: Huandi Liu , Sun Jiaxiang , Guo Shuaifeng , Cheng Xuhong , Zhang Zhongxin , Wan Jia , Wang Chunduo , Zhi Xiaoying , Yuan Linghui , Wang Hui 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Hydrogen sulfide(H 2 S)is a redox gasotransmitter. It has been shown that H 2 S has a key role in host antiviral defense by inhibiting interleukin (IL)-6 production and S-sulfhydrating Keap1 lead to Nrf2/ARE pathway activation. However, it is yet unclear whether H 2 S can play an antiviral role by regulating autophagy. Results: In this research, we found that exogenous H 2 S decreased the expression of HTLV-1 protein and HTLV-1 induced autophagosomes accumulation. Transmission electron microscope assays indicated that autophagosomes accumulation decreased after H 2 S administration. HTLV-1-transformed T-cell lines had a high level of CSE (H 2 S endogenous enzyme) which could be induced in Hela by HTLV-1 infection. Immunoblot demonstrated that overexpression of CSE inhibited HTLV-1 protein expression and autophagy. And we got the opposite after CSE knockdown. Meanwhile, H 2 S could not restrain the autophagy when ATG4B had a mutant at its site of 89. Conclusion: In a word, these results suggested that H 2 S modulated HTLV-1 protein expression via ATG4B. Meanwhile, our findings suggested a new mechanism by which H 2 S defended against virus infection.
Measuring the Indonesian SMEs’ Capabilities for Sociodynamic and Disruptive Innovation: The Case for Gaining Resilience and Sustainability
Authors: Panjaitan Jenri MP , Darwin Muhadjir , sumiyana sumiyana , Wiva Wivaqussaniyyah , Setyowati Servatia M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study investigates: (1) How do the Indonesian SMEs posit sociodynamic factors and disruptive innovation to gain resilience and sustainability? (2) How do they behave when employing sociodynamic factors and disruptive innovation? (3) Why do they formulate strategic policies for the sociodynamic factors and then innovate disruptively? This research infers that those SMEs posit sociodynamic factors to increase their businesses’ capacity by expanding their social networks and building synergy and business alliances with others. These SMEs intensively catch information about future probable economic benefits to their internal businesses. Moreover, they encourage themselves to carry out disruptive innovations that create distinctive products and new market segments. The authors designed this research method with a qualitative approach. There are three methods of data collection: in-depth interviews, observations, and document studies. Furthermore, this research selects informants from Indonesian SMEs using purposive criteria, such as their total assets or having a net income above USD 1 million (IDR 14 billion), with no restrictions on their field of business. Thus, this study firstly raises reasons why Indonesian SMEs have overcome economic downturns using sociodynamic factors and disruptive innovation. Second, the researcher shows that the Indonesian Ministry of SMEs issued policies with a fallacy, focusing on the digital economy only. Otherwise, this ministry should encourage SMEs to have a bundled knowledge of sociodynamics and disruptive innovation. Third, this study contradicts the evidence from the barriers to the Indonesian SMEs’ capability enhancements in digital transformation. Otherwise, this study evidenced that most Indonesian SMEs adopt low-single-platform information.
Epidemiology of Traumatic Cervical Spinal Fractures in a General Western Population
Authors: Utheim Nils Christian , Helseth Eirik , Stroem Mona , Rydning Paal , Mejlaender-Evjensvold Magnus , Glott Thomas , Hoestmaelingen Christina Teisner , Aarhus Mads , Roenning Pål Andre , Linnerud Hege 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: In Western countries, the typical cervical spine fracture (CS-Fx) patient has historically been a young male injured in a road traffic accident. Recent reports and daily clinical practice clearly indicate a change in the typical patient from a young male to an elderly male or female with comorbidities. This study aimed to establish contemporary population-based epidemiological data of traumatic CS-Fx for use in health care planning and injury prevention.Methods: This is a population-based clinical observational cohort study from the southeastern region of Norway with 3.0 million inhabitants. We included all patients diagnosed with a CS-Fx between 2015 and –2019. Information regarding demographics, preinjury comorbidities, trauma mechanisms, injury description, treatment, and level of hospital admittance is presented.Results: We registered 2153 patients with CS-Fx during a 5-years period, with an incidence of CS-Fx of 14.9/100,000 person-years. The median patient age was 62 years, 68% were males, 37% had a preinjury severe systemic disease, 16% were under the influence of ethanol, 53% had multiple trauma, and 12% had concomitant cervical spinal cord injury (incomplete in 85% and complete in 15%). The most common trauma mechanisms were falls (57%), followed by bicycle injuries (12%) and 4-wheel motorized vehicle accidents (10%). The most common upper CS-Fx was C2 odontoid Fx, while the most common subaxial Fx was facet joint Fx involving cervical level C6/C7. Treatment was external immobilization with a stiff neck collar alone in 65%, open surgical fixation in 26% (giving a 3.7/100,000 person-years surgery rate), and no stabilization in 9%. The overall 90-day mortality was 153/2153 (7.1%).Conclusions: This study provides an overview of the extend of the issue and patient complexity necessary for planning the health care management and injury prevention of CS-Fx. We suggest intensified fall preventive measures in the elderly, better public awareness of the risks of excessive ethanol use, and better road safety for bicyclists.