bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trauma‐informed qualitative research: Some methodological and practical considerations
Authors: Isobel Sophie 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMental health nurses who engage in research are likely to undertake research on sensitive topics, related to experiences of illness, care delivery and treatment. With recognition of the high prevalence of trauma in the lives of people who interact with mental health services, it is likely that many research participants will have experienced trauma in their lives and that while this may not be the focus of the research, sensitivity and awareness are required. Reference to ‘trauma‐informed’ approaches in research design and practice is emerging in fields such as trauma‐focused research and social sciences; however, it has not yet been applied to nurses. Trauma‐informed approaches can build upon existing ethical and methodological frameworks to inform how mental health nurses go about qualitative research and what they need to consider when doing so. This discursive paper explores some of the implications of awareness and sensitivity to trauma for research undertaken by mental health nurses, including practical and methodological considerations. Recommendations include training and structural supports for nurse researchers, collaborative research designs, consideration of the environments where research occurs, awareness of approaches to distress and inclusion of trauma sensitivity within research policies, frameworks and leadership, alongside vigilance to interpersonal approach and the establishment and protection of psychological safety throughout. Continuing to undertake research on topics, and with people, where trauma is present, is essential to ensure ongoing awareness. Many of the existing skills held by mental health nurses can also support research to be undertaken in trauma‐informed ways.
Pricing and entry strategies for competitive firms with optimistic entrant
Authors: Xu Peng , Xiao Tiaojun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractEntrepreneurs are usually optimistic when entering an existing market. We introduce the entrant's optimism into the game models of entry deterrence to study the entry strategy of the potential entrant and the pricing (deterrence) strategy of the incumbent. Further, we examine the impacts of the entrant's optimism on the optimal decisions for both firms in the post‐entry game (Stackelberg price competition). In the price ex‐post setting, our analysis shows that in the post‐entry game, the entrant's optimism increases both firms’ prices and could benefit both firms. For the entry strategy, the high optimism of the entrant induces an incorrect entry decision; and our results reveal that the low optimism of the entrant benefits her entry. As for the pricing strategy, the incumbent will blockade the low optimistic entrant by keeping the normal price, impede the moderately optimistic entrant by lowering price, or accommodate the high optimistic entrant by setting the post‐entry price. Additionally, we consider the asymmetric information (about the entrant's type) setting, the price ex‐ante setting, and two optimistic firms setting. We find that the asymmetric information could not make the entrant benefit from her optimism, which is inconsistent with the symmetric information case; the entrant may miss the opportunity to enter the market in the price ex‐ante setting; and the incumbent's optimism makes him worse off.
Voices from the COVID‐19 frontline: Nurses’ trauma and coping
Authors: Foli Karen J. , Forster Anna , Cheng Chang , Zhang Lingsong , Chiu Yu‐Chin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimTo describe the experiences of frontline nurses who are working in critical care areas during the COVID‐19 pandemic with a focus on trauma and the use of substances as a coping mechanism.DesignA qualitative study based on content analysis.MethodsData were collected from mid‐June 2020 to early September 2020 via an online survey. Nurses were recruited through the research webpage of the American Association of Critical Care Nurses as well as an alumni list from a large, public Midwest university. Responses to two open‐ended items were analysed: (1) personal or professional trauma the nurse had experienced; and (2) substance or alcohol use, or other mental health issues the nurse had experienced or witnessed in other nurses.ResultsFor the item related to psychological trauma five themes were identified from 70 nurses’ comments: (1) Psychological distress in multiple forms; (2) Tsunami of death; (3) Torn between two masters; (4) Betrayal; and (5) Resiliency/posttraumatic growth through self and others. Sixty‐five nurses responded to the second item related to substance use and other mental health issues. Data supported three themes: (1) Mental health crisis NOW!!: ‘more stressed than ever and stretched thinner than ever’; (2) Nurses are turning to a variety of substances to cope; and (3) Weakened supports for coping and increased maladaptive coping due to ongoing pandemic.ConclusionsThis study brings novel findings to understand the experiences of nurses who care for patients with COVID‐19, including trauma experienced during disasters, the use of substances to cope and the weakening of existing support systems. Findings also reveal nurses in crisis who are in need of mental health services.ImpactSupport for nurses’ well‐being and mental health should include current and ongoing services offered by the organization and include screening for substance use issues.
Frontline nurses’ willingness to work during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A mixed‐methods study
Authors: Ke Qiaohong , Chan Sally Wai‐chi , Kong Yue , Fu Jianguo , Li Wengang , Shen Qu , Zhu Jiemin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimFrontline nurses’ willingness to work has significant implications for maintaining workforce stability and quality of care during the COVID‐19 pandemic; however, few studies have investigated their willingness and the corresponding reasons. This study aims to examine frontline nurses’ willingness to work, identify its predictors and explore its corresponding reasons.DesignA mixed‐methods design was conducted.MethodsBased on a multilevel behavioural‐diagnostic model, a questionnaire survey was used to collect quantitative and qualitative data concurrently from 13 February to 24 February 2020 to explore frontline nurses’ willingness to work and the corresponding reasons in two hospitals in Wuhan, China. One was a designated hospital which only received COVID‐19 patients, and the other was built up temporarily for COVID‐19 patients.ResultsOf the 2014 participants, most (n = 1950, 96.8%) indicated their willingness to work, and a few (n = 64, 3.2%) expressed their unwillingness. Binary logistic regression analysis identified five predictors of participants’ willingness to work, including monthly family income, average working hours per shift, belief in their colleagues’ preparedness, belief in their hospitals’ preparedness and levels of depression. These indicators explained 27% of the variance (p < .05). Frontline nurses’ willingness to work mainly arose from professional commitment, patriotism and faith, while unwillingness to do so primarily stemmed from safety concerns and family responsibility.ConclusionMost frontline nurses were willing to work and showed great professional commitment.ImpactProfessional commitment and patriotism were two important individual‐level factors affecting frontline nurses’ willingness to work during a pandemic. Strategies should be implemented, such as appreciating and acknowledging their contribution, rewarding their valuable work, arranging reasonable working hours, enhancing colleagues’ and hospitals’ preparedness, and providing emotional support. Moreover, adequate personal protective equipment, self‐protection training and social support should be ensured to address frontline nurses’ safety concerns and family responsibility.
A challenging VT ablation with a large cardiac tumor
Authors: Lynes Carlos , Lancaster Megan , Aboud Asad A. , Stevenson William , Schlendorf Kelly , Richardson Travis 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionVentricular tachycardia (VT) normally occurs from an abnormal structural substrate.CaseWe report a case in which VT was caused by a large tumor in the interventricular septum. Surgical intervention was not an option due to the location of the tumor and its proximity to the coronary arteries.ConclusionThe patient underwent ablation and upgrade to CRT before ultimately receiving a heart transplant.
Development of neuroactive steroids for the treatment of postpartum depression
Authors: Gunduz‐Bruce Handan , Takahashi Koji , Huang Ming‐Yi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPostpartum depression (PPD) is a common major depressive episode surrounding childbirth, with estimated rates ranging from 5.5% to 23.5% of all live births across Europe and the USA based on the presence of key symptoms. PPD has been associated with significant impairments in both maternal functioning and mother‐infant attachment, and these impairments can have lasting effects on the emotional and cognitive development of children. Although the precise pathophysiology of PPD is unknown, preclinical findings suggest that large fluctuations in neurosteroid hormone levels can induce physiological plasticity in the expression of functional GABAA receptors during pregnancy and the postpartum period, and that deficits in this plasticity may underpin a biological mechanism that contributes to the manifestation of depressive symptoms. Here, we review the controlled clinical trials to date that have assessed the efficacy of pharmacological treatments for PPD, including oestradiol, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, brexanolone (an iv formulation of allopregnanolone) and an investigational neuroactive steroid and GABAA positive allosteric modulator, zuranolone. Coupled with the GABAergic deficits implicated in major depressive disorder, these findings highlight not only the potential role of GABAA receptor plasticity in the pathophysiology of PPD, but also the novel therapeutic approach of using positive allosteric modulators targeting GABAergic transmission to treat women affected by PPD.
On the frontline treating COVID‐19: A pendulum experience—from meaningful to overwhelming—for Danish healthcare professionals
Authors: Rosted Elizabeth , Thomsen Thora Grothe , Krogsgaard Marianne , Busk Henriette , Geisler Anja , Thestrup Hansen Stine , Kjerholt Mette , Mortensen Camilla Becker , Thomsen Trine Hørmann , Beck Malene , Petersen Marian 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesIn the current study, we aimed to explore the experiences and attitudes among healthcare professionals as they transitioned from their familiar disciplines to respiratory medicine, intensive care or other departments during the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic.BackgroundIn preparation for the increasing number of patients suspected of having or who would be severely ill from COVID‐19, a major reconstruction of the Danish Healthcare System was initiated. The capacity of the healthcare system to respond to the unprecedented situation was dependent on healthcare professionals’ willingness and ability to engage in these new circumstances. For some, this may have resulted in uncertainty, anxiety and fear.DesignThe study was a descriptive study using semi‐structured focus group interviews.Healthcare professionals (n = 62) from seven departments were included, and 11 focus group interviews were conducted. The focus group interviews took place during June 2020. Analyses was conducted using thematic analysis. The current study was reported using the consolidated criteria for reporting Qualitative research (COREQ).ResultsHealthcare professionals experiences was described by five themes: 1) Voluntary involvement, 2) Changes within the organisation, 3) Risks, 4) Professional identity and 5) Personal investment. Common to all five themes was the feeling of being on a pendulum from a meaningful experience to an experience of mental overload, when situations and decisions no longer seemed to be worthwhile.ConclusionsHealthcare professionals experienced a pendulum between a meaningful experience and one of mental overload during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The swinging was conditioned by the prevailing context and was unavoidable.Relevance to clinical practice. To balance the continuous pendulum swing, leaders must consider involvement, and to be supportive and appreciative in their leader style. This is consistent with a person‐centred leadership that facilitates a well‐adjusted work‐life balance and may help prevent mental overload developing into burnout.
Risk factors of medical device‐related pressure injury in intensive care units
Authors: Dang Wen , Liu Yuan , Zhou Qing , Duan Yuyu , Gan Huaxiu , Wang Lin , Zhu Qiongli , Xie Chunyan , Hu Ailing 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesIntensive care unit (ICU) patients are at high risk of medical device related pressure injury (MDRPI). This study aims to ascertain the MDRPI prevalence in ICU patients and analyse the risk factors of MDRPI.BackgroundThe occurrence of MDRPI not only increases hospitalisation time with pain and economic burden, but also causes medical disputes. A better understanding of this condition will increase knowledge and facilitate the ability to recognise and prevent MDRPI for clinical nursing staff. However, there are few multicentre studies of MDRPI prevalence in ICU patients in China.DesignA cross‐sectional study design was employed.MethodsData from 694 patients in 66 adult ICU at 30 hospitals in China were included between October 2018 and March 2019. The stage of each MDRPI was determined according to the definitions of National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel. The study methods were followed by the STORBE guidelines.ResultsThe overall prevalence rate of MDRPI was 13.1% (91/694), with 98 anatomic locations in total. The most common stages of MDRPI were stage 1 (54.1%, 53/98), stage 2 (15.3%, 15/98) and mucosal membrane pressure injury (15.3%, 15/98). MDRPI mainly occurred in the finger (32.7%, 32/98), followed by nose (18.4%, 18/98). The prevalence rate of MDRPI caused by CPAP or BiPAP masks (25%) was highest. Lower Braden scores and having skin oedema were risk factors for MDRPI in adult ICU patients.ConclusionThe prevalence of MDRPI in this study was still high. Nurses should take these related factors into consideration when taking care of ICU patients, and appropriate prevention measures should be adopted to decrease the prevalence of MDRPI.Relevance to clinical practice: The study can help to improve the PI prevention efforts in ICU patients specific to medical device related PI.
Experiences of nurses working with COVID‐19 patients: A qualitative study
Authors: Akkuş Yeliz , Karacan Yasemin , Güney Rabiye , Kurt Berna 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe global COVID‐19 pandemic has led to massive disruptions in daily life, business, education, lifestyle and economies worldwide. Nurses are a professional group who care directly for COVID‐19 patients and thus face direct exposure to the virus. The nurses who work on the front lines during this period put their own well‐being at risk to care for these patients.Purpose/AimThe aim of this study was to identify the experiences and challenges faced by nurses working in pandemic clinics in Turkey during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsThis qualitative study was based on semi‐structured in‐depth interviews conducted through the mobile application Whatsapp with 19 nurses who were actively working in pandemic clinics. Due to the pandemic, the snowball sampling method was used to reach the sample group. Interviews were continued until data saturation was achieved. All interviews were audio recorded and later transcribed. The study data were interpreted according to themes identified using thematic analysis. Throughout the study, the authors followed the COREQ checklist.ResultsThe experiences of nurses caring for COVID‐19 patients were summarised into five major themes: psychosocial adaptation, protection, difficulty in care and treatment, access to information and working conditions.ConclusionNurses caring for COVID‐19 patients in Turkey have been affected psychologically, socially and physiologically. They experienced stigmatisation, exhaustion and burnout. One of the biggest challenges for the nurses was difficulty providing physical care and treatment due to the use of personal protective equipment. Nurses want improved compensation in addition to applause from the public. Interventions to help bolster nurses’ psychological and physiological strength are recommended.Relevance to clinical practiceThis study emphasised nurses’ psychologically, socially and physiologically affected. Therefore, improvements in financial and moral support would provide psychological reinforcement for nurses during the epidemic. Informing the public is necessary to reduce the stigmatisation of nurses working in pandemic clinics.
Pedicle screws implantation in polymethylmethacrylate construct to stabilise sixth lumbar vertebral body fracture in dogs: 5 cases (2015‐2018)
Authors: Gougeon E. , Meheust P. 
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesTo assess the feasibility and outcome of pedicle screw implantation on sixth lumbar vertebral body fractures.Materials and MethodsDogs with sixth lumbar vertebral body fractures stabilised using L6 and L7 (±L5) pedicular implantation via a dorsal approach preferentially and conventional vertebral body implantation otherwise were reviewed. Coaptation was made with bone cement. Complete neurological examination, pre and postoperative imaging consistent with L6 body fracture (radiographs ± CT scan) and follow up including clinical examination and radiographs 3 to 5 weeks post‐operatively were required as inclusion criteria. When available, owner interview and/or clinical examination and imaging (radiographs ± CT scan) at least 1 year after surgery were reported.ResultsFive dogs met the inclusion criteria. Dorsal pedicle screws implantation was feasible in all L7 vertebrae and in four L6 vertebrae. Adequate implantation was observed in all of the post‐operative radiographs and on all of the three CT scans available. At 3 to 6 weeks after surgery, neurological status and locomotion were normal in four dogs, while one dog suffering from severe sciatic neuropathy did not regain normal locomotion. At least 1 year after surgery, clinical outcome was excellent for four dogs and imaging by radiography and CT scan were available for three dogs and showed complete healing of the fracture and correct positioning of the implants. The dog suffering from sciatic neuropathy had a further trauma and was euthanased 7 weeks after the surgery.Clinical SignificanceIn this case series, pedicle screw implantation achieved stabilisation of L6 vertebral body fractures, with full recovery observed in four out of five dogs. Further studies are required to confirm the safety and the effectiveness of this intervention.
Hepatitis C virus care cascade in persons experiencing homelessness in the United States in the era of direct‐acting antiviral agents: A scoping review
Authors: Del Rosario Aubrey , Eldredge Jonathan D. , Doorley Sara , Mishra Shiraz I. , Kesler Denece , Page Kimberly 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe hepatitis C virus (HCV) care cascade has been well characterized in the general United States population and other subpopulations since curative medications have been available. However, information is limited on care cascade outcomes in persons experiencing homelessness. The main objective of this study was to map the available evidence on HCV care cascade outcomes in people experiencing homelessness in the U.S. in the era of direct‐acting antiviral agents (DAAs). Primary and secondary outcomes included linkage to care (evaluation by a provider that can treat HCV) and sustained virologic response (SVR) or cure. Exploratory outcomes included other cascade data, like treatment initiation, which precedes SVR. PubMed was the primary database accessed for this scoping review. We characterized the HCV care cascade in people experiencing homelessness using sources of evidence published in 2014 onwards that reported the proportions of persons who were linked to care, achieved SVR, and completed other cascade steps. We synthesized our results into a scoping review. The proportion of persons linked to care among chronically infected cohorts with unstable housing ranged from 29.3% to 88.7%. Among those chronically infected, 5%–58.8% were started on DAAs and 5%–50% achieved SVR. In conclusion, these results show that persons experiencing homelessness achieve high rates of linkage to care in non‐specialist community‐based settings compared to the general U.S. population pre‐DAAs. However, DAA initiation was found to be a rate‐limiting step along the care cascade, resulting in commensurate low rates of cure.
Deriving health utility indices from a food allergy quality‐of‐life questionnaire
Authors: Chen Gang , DunnGalvin Audrey , Greenhawt Matthew , Shaker Marcus , Campbell Dianne E. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe Food Allergy Quality‐of‐Life Questionnaire‐Parent Form (FAQLQ‐PF) is widely used to assess food allergy–specific health‐related quality of life (FAQL), but cannot be used directly in cost‐utility analyses, which require health state utility (HSU) scores. Currently, limited evidence is available regarding the HSU of food‐allergic children/adolescents. This study aimed to develop mapping algorithms from the FAQLQ‐PF onto HSU scores generated by generic, preference‐based, health‐related quality‐of‐life (HRQL) instruments.MethodsCaregivers of children aged 7 to 17 years with a clinician diagnosis of IgE‐mediated food allergy, recruited via Allergy & Anaphylaxis Australia, completed an online FAQLQ‐PF questionnaire and proxy generic preference‐based pediatric instruments (Assessment of Quality of Life [AQoL]‐6D and Child Health Utility 9D [CHU9D]). Optimal statistical methods were based on series of goodness‐of‐fit statistics.ResultsMean FAQLQ‐PF total score, AQoL‐6D, and CHU9D utility scores of 238 food‐allergic children/adolescents were 3.49 (SD: 1.41), 0.78 (SD: 0.22), and 0.74 (SD: 0.22), respectively. The Spearman correlation coefficients of FAQLQ‐PF with AQoL‐6D and CHU9D were rho = −0.56 and rho = −0.45, respectively. Optimal mapping algorithms were generated from selected FAQLQ‐PF items, mapped onto AQoL‐6D or CHU9D utility scores, with AQoL‐6D demonstrating better performance.ConclusionsThis study generated mapping algorithms to help facilitate the use of FAQLQ‐PF for cost‐utility analyses, which are essential for health economic evaluation. External validation of the reported mapping algorithms is warranted.
Modelling of gene loss propensity in the pangenomes of three Brassica species suggests different mechanisms between polyploids and diploids
Authors: Bayer Philipp E. , Scheben Armin , Golicz Agnieszka A. , Yuan Yuxuan , Faure Sebastien , Lee HueyTyng , Chawla Harmeet Singh , Anderson Robyn , Bancroft Ian , Raman Harsh , Lim Yong Pyo , Robbens Steven , Jiang Lixi , Liu Shengyi , Barker Michael S. , Schranz M. Eric , Wang Xiaowu , King Graham J. , Pires J. Chris , Chalhoub Boulos , Snowdon Rod J. , Batley Jacqueline , Edwards David 
Published: July 2021

SummaryPlant genomes demonstrate significant presence/absence variation (PAV) within a species; however, the factors that lead to this variation have not been studied systematically in Brassica across diploids and polyploids. Here, we developed pangenomes of polyploid Brassica napus and its two diploid progenitor genomes B. rapa and B. oleracea to infer how PAV may differ between diploids and polyploids. Modelling of gene loss suggests that loss propensity is primarily associated with transposable elements in the diploids while in B. napus, gene loss propensity is associated with homoeologous recombination. We use these results to gain insights into the different causes of gene loss, both in diploids and following polyploidization, and pave the way for the application of machine learning methods to understanding the underlying biological and physical causes of gene presence/absence.