bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Study on the Development Characteristics and Controlling Factors of Microscopic Organic Matter Pore and Fracture System in Shale
Authors: Zhang Qin , Liu Zaiyang , Liu Chang , Zhu Xiaomin , Steel Ronald J. , Tian Hanyun , Wang Kai , Song Zeping 
Published: October 2021

Research on microscopic pore and fracture system of shale is a hot spot in the field of unconventional petroleum geology. Micro- and nano-scale organic matter pores in shale play a vital role in the accumulation of hydrocarbons. Research on the types, evolution rules and controlling factors of organic matter pore-fracture system in shale reservoirs can provide scientific guidance for the prediction of shale “sweet spots”. In this paper, taking the shales from the Napo Formation, Oriente Basin, the Shahejie Formation, Zhanhua Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, and the Longmaxi and Wufeng Formations, Sichuan Basin as an example, the developmental characteristics of organic matter pore-fracture system were systematically studied using thin section, argon ion profiling scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption and desorption, geochemistry experiments, and image processing technology. The types of shale organic matter pores were divided into kerogen-hosted pores, organic matter microfractures (intra-organic matter and organic matter edge microfractures), and asphalt pores (or intra-asphalt pores). The circumferences of organic pore were generally within 100 nm, and the areas of most pores were smaller than 1,000 nm2. Face rates of the organic pores were generally less than 1.5%, and the proportion of shale samples with a shape factor of 1 reached more than 50%. In addition, the deviation angles of organic matter pores at (0°, 45°) reached 90%, which showed that most of the organic matter pores tended to be oriented pores. The increase in the degree of thermal evolution provided driving force for the formation of circular pores in the organic matter. Internal factors (abundance of organic matter, kerogen types, and maturity) and external factors (diagenesis and mineral composition) controled the development of shale organic matter pores. Maturity, TOC content and inorganic minerals such as clay and pyrite content were positively correlated with the development of organic matter pores. However, brittle minerals caused a decrease in the face ratio of organic matter pores. Diagenetic compaction caused the organic matter pores being deformed or eventually disappeared. This research can provide scientific guidance for the high-efficiency exploration of hydrocarbons in shale.
Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Heart Failure Benefit More From Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chen Chengcong , Peng Hong , Li Mingzhu , Lu Xiyan , Huang Miao , Zeng Yongmei , Dong Guoqing 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundPatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and heart failure (HF) are at higher risk of mortality and hospitalization for heart failure (HHF). A recent study showed that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors may be a promising choice.MethodsWe searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases of clinical trials for randomized controlled trials investigating the long-term effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors in patients with T2DM and HF compared with placebo. The primary outcome was cardiovascular death or HHF, and the secondary outcomes included cardiovascular death (CV death), HHF, and all-cause mortality. We also conducted an exploratory analysis and tried to identify the population, which will benefit more from the treatment.ResultsAfter the study selection, a total of 5 trials, including 4 subgroup analyses, met the eligibility criteria. The results suggested that the use of SGLT-2 inhibitors was associated with a reduction in the incidence of CV death or HHF (HR, 0.69[95%CI, 0.63-0.77], P&lt;0.00001), CV death (HR, 0.80[95%CI, 0.69-0.92], P = 0.001), HHF (HR, 0.67[95%CI, 0.60-0.76], P &lt; 0.00001), and all-cause mortality (HR, 0.74[95%CI, 0.64-0.86], P &lt; 0.0001). Moreover, patients with T2DM and HF may benefit more from the treatment than those with T2DM/HF.ConclusionThe long-term use of SGLT-2 inhibitors can help reduce the risk of mortality and HHF in patients with T2DM and HF.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021233156], identifier [CRD42021233156].
The Impact of Embryo Storage Time on Pregnancy and Perinatal Outcomes and the Time Limit of Vitrification: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Cui Mengge , Dong Xiyuan , Lyu Shuhao , Zheng Yu , Ai Jihui 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundThe technique of embryo cryopreservation has been increasingly applied in clinical settings. However, there has been a concern about the safety and efficacy of long-term freezing of embryos. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether storage time of vitrification had any effects on pregnancy as well as perinatal outcomes, further, to explore the appropriate time limit of vitrification.MethodsThe study included women who underwent at least one frozen-thawed cycle with single embryo transfer between January 1st, 2016 and September 30th, 2019. Patients were assigned into 3 groups according to the storage time (&lt;3 months, 3-12 months and &gt;12 months) to evaluate the impact of embryo storage time on pregnancy and perinatal outcomes. To further investigate the time limit of vitrification, propensity score matching was used to compare the primary outcomes of patients with storage time of 1-3 years, 3-5 years, and &gt;5 years to those stored for ≤1 year.ResultsA total of 9806 frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles were included in our study. After adjustment for confounding variables, no significant differences were found in pregnancy outcomes among groups. However, postponement of transfer increased the risks of large for gestational age and placenta previa. In addition, after propensity score matching, 171 cycles with storage time &gt;5 years were matched with those ≤1 year, both the clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate decreased significantly when the storage time exceeded 5 years.ConclusionsThe duration of vitrification did not significantly affect the pregnancy outcomes within 5 years period. However, the clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate both decreased significantly when the duration of vitrification exceeded 5 years. It is worth noting that the conclusion was drawn from a small sample study after propensity score matching and should be treated with caution. In addition, the cycles were from different time periods, which could have an impact on the results.
Filling Treatment of Surface Subsidence Resulted From Underground Mining in a High-Altitude Mine
Authors: Deng Daiqiang , Cao Guodong , Liang Yihua 
Published: October 2021

In the process of filling the goaf of Huashugou copper mine, the filling aggregate was the mine’s self-produced copper flotation tailings. The physical and chemical property tests showed that the tailings were relatively fine, and the cumulative contents of the 7.5, 15, 80, and 90 μm particles were 56.99, 79.46, 99.88, and 100%, respectively. PSA42.5 Portland slag cement was selected as the cementing material for the tests. The amount of finely ground blast furnace slag added to the cement was 20–50%. The filling test blocks of all proportions were demolded within 24–36 h, and the integrity of the formed filling bodies was satisfactory. Among them, the uniaxial compressive strength of the test block formed by the filling slurry with a tailings-to-cement ratio of 3/1 and a concentration of 74% after 3, 7, 28, and 60 days reached 0.833, 2.026, 4.520, and 6.560 MPa, respectively. The strengths of the other filling blocks also met the engineering design requirements. Based on the statistical regression analysis method, the influences of the slag cement content χ₁ and the tailings water content χ₂ on the filling body’s strength Ϭ were analyzed. The regression calculation also considered the interaction between χ₁ and χ₂, and the obtained multiple nonlinear regression model successfully predicted Ϭ. In production and application, the large density of tailings would accelerate their settling, which could easily cause blockage during the transportation of filling slurry through the pipeline. Regarding a series of existing filling materials and technical conditions, the filling process investigated in this study overcomes several unfavorable conditions. Using advanced and reliable technology and an industrial filling pump with a delivery pressure of 10 MPa, the prepared filling slurry concentration was 68–72% and the flow rate was 56–79 m3/h. The tailings and PSA42.5 Portland slag cement combined quite well. The filling body in the goaf demonstrated excellent homogeneity, and the various industrial indicators met the technical requirements for mining deposits. The preparation of high-quality filling materials with a smooth filling process has played a positive role in the prevention and treatment of surface mountain cracks and collapse during underground mining in high-altitude areas.
Brain Volumetric Measurements in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Comparative Study Between Synthetic and Conventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Chen Yingqian , Su Shu , Dai Yan , Wen Zhihua , Qian Long , Zhang Hongyu , Liu Meina , Fan Miao , Chu Jianping , Yang Zhiyun 
Published: October 2021

Objective: To investigate the profiles of brain volumetric measurements in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and the consistency of these brain volumetric measurements derived from the synthetic and conventional T1 weighted MRI (SyMRI and cT1w MRI).Methods: Brain SyMRI and cT1w images were prospectively collected for 38 pediatric patients with ADHD and 38 healthy children (HC) with an age range of 6–14 years. The gray matter volume (GMV), white matter volume (WMV), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), non-WM/GM/CSF (NoN), myelin, myelin fraction (MYF), brain parenchyma volume (BPV), and intracranial volume (ICV) were automatically estimated from SyMRI data, and the four matching measurements (GMV, WMV, BPV, ICV) were extracted from cT1w images. The group differences of brain volumetric measurements were performed, respectively, using analysis of covariance. Pearson correlation analysis and interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were applied to evaluate the association between synthetic and cT1w MRI-derived measurements.Results: As for the brain volumetric measurements extracted from SyMRI, significantly decreased GMV, WMV, BPV, and increased NON volume (p &lt; 0.05) were found in the ADHD group compared with HC; No group differences were found in ICV, CSF, myelin volume and MYF (p &gt; 0.05). With regard to GMV, WMV, BPV, and ICV estimated from cT1w images, the group differences between ADHD and HC were consistent with the results estimated from SyMRI. And these four measurements showed noticeable correlation between the two approaches (r = 0.692, 0.643, 0.898, 0.789, respectively, p &lt; 0.001; ICC values are 0.809, 0.782, 0.946, 0.873, respectively).Conclusion: Our study demonstrated a global brain development disability, but normal whole-brain myelination in children with ADHD. Moreover, our results demonstrated the high consistency of brain volumetric indices between synthetic and cT1w MRI in children, which indicates the high reliability of SyMRI in the child-brain volumetric analysis.
Clinical-Deep Neural Network and Clinical-Radiomics Nomograms for Predicting the Intraoperative Massive Blood Loss of Pelvic and Sacral Tumors
Authors: Yin Ping , Sun Chao , Wang Sicong , Chen Lei , Hong Nan 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundPatients with pelvic and sacral tumors are prone to massive blood loss (MBL) during surgery, which may endanger their lives.PurposesThis study aimed to determine the feasibility of using deep neural network (DNN) and radiomics nomogram (RN) based on 3D computed tomography (CT) features and clinical characteristics to predict the intraoperative MBL of pelvic and sacral tumors.Materials and MethodsThis single-center retrospective analysis included 810 patients with pelvic and sacral tumors. 1316 CT and CT enhanced radiomics features were extracted. RN1 and RN2 were constructed by random grouping and time node grouping, respectively. The DNN models were constructed for comparison with RN. Clinical factors associated with the MBL were also evaluated. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and accuracy (ACC) were used to evaluate different models.ResultsRadscore, tumor type, tumor location, and sex were significant predictors of the MBL of pelvic and sacral tumors (P &lt; 0.05), of which radscore (OR, ranging from 2.109 to 4.706, P &lt; 0.001) was the most important. The clinical-DNN and clinical-RN performed better than DNN and RN. The best-performing clinical-DNN model based on CT features exhibited an AUC of 0.92 and an ACC of 0.97 in the training set, and an AUC of 0.92 and an ACC of 0.75 in the validation set.ConclusionsThe clinical-DNN and clinical-RN had good performance in predicting the MBL of pelvic and sacral tumors, which could be used for clinical decision-making.
Differential Stimulation of Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Human Microglia Leads to Exosomal Proteomic Changes Affecting Neurons
Authors: Mallach Anna , Gobom Johan , Arber Charles , Piers Thomas M. , Hardy John , Wray Selina , Zetterberg Henrik , Pocock Jennifer 
Published: October 2021

Microglial exosomes are an emerging communication pathway, implicated in fulfilling homeostatic microglial functions and transmitting neurodegenerative signals. Gene variants of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM2) are associated with an increased risk of developing dementia. We investigated the influence of the TREM2 Alzheimer’s disease risk variant, R47Hhet, on the microglial exosomal proteome consisting of 3019 proteins secreted from human iPS-derived microglia (iPS-Mg). Exosomal protein content changed according to how the iPS-Mg were stimulated. Thus lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced microglial exosomes to contain more inflammatory signals, whilst stimulation with the TREM2 ligand phosphatidylserine (PS+) increased metabolic signals within the microglial exosomes. We tested the effect of these exosomes on neurons and found that the exosomal protein changes were functionally relevant and influenced downstream functions in both neurons and microglia. Exosomes from R47Hhet iPS-Mg contained disease-associated microglial (DAM) signature proteins and were less able to promote the outgrowth of neuronal processes and increase mitochondrial metabolism in neurons compared with exosomes from the common TREM2 variant iPS-Mg. Taken together, these data highlight the importance of microglial exosomes in fulfilling microglial functions. Additionally, variations in the exosomal proteome influenced by the R47Hhet TREM2 variant may underlie the increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease associated with this variant.
Measurement of critical current of superconducting cable
Authors: Matsushita T. , Kiuchi M. , Nishijima G. , Masuda T. , Mukoyama S. , Aoki Y. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The critical current of a coaxial cable made of Bi-2223 tapes was investigated to survey underlying problems, especially for the resistive voltage caused by current transfer, for the standardization of test method of the critical current of superconducting AC power cables. Five voltage taps were attached on the copper sheath of 80 mm long, which is used as a part of the current lead, on both ends for the inner conductor layer and outer shield layer. The current transfer was theoretically examined especially for the outer shield layer of a simple structure. The resistive component in the measured voltage was calculated as a function of the position of the voltage tap, and it can be shown that the critical current is correctly obtained using the electric field criterion after subtracting the resistive component, as is usually done in experiments. These results are compared with the observed results.
Digital transformations of the visual image of the representatives of generation Z
Authors: Васильева Ж.В. 
Published: October 2021

в современном социокультурном пространстве наиболее востребованным медиаканалом выступает интернет, транслирующий визуальные вестиментарные коды молодому потребителю. Цифровая реальность оперативно распространяет актуальный fashion-контент посредством социальных сетей, воспринимаемых в качестве источника передачи информации поколением Z. Специфика его мировоззрения характеризуется активной коммуникацией с брендами и потреблением цифрового fashion-продукта. Задачей данной статьи выступает анализ цифровой трансформации визуального образа generation Z, цифровых технологий приобретения реальной одежды, причин появления цифровой одежды и сферы ее применения потребителем данной возрастной группы.
in the modern socio-cultural space, the most popular media channel is the Internet, which broadcasts visual vestigial codes to a young consumer. Digital reality promptly distributes current fashion content through social networks, which are perceived as a source of information transmission by Generation Z. The specifics of his worldview are characterized by active communication with brands and the consumption of a digital fashion product. The purpose of this article is to analyze the digital transformation of the visual image of generation Z, digital technologies for purchasing real clothing, the reasons for the appearance of digital clothing and the scope of its application by the consumer of this age group.
Öğrenci Gözünden: Hemşireliğin Bakım Verici Rolü
Authors: KAHRAMAN Hilal , CEYHAN Özlem 
Published: October 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışma hemşirelik öğrencilerinin bakım verici rolüne ilişkin tutumlarını incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Araştırma bir ilde bulunan sağlık bilimleri fakültesi hemşirelik bölümü üçüncü ve dördüncü sınıf öğrencileri ile yapılmıştır. Araştırma 2019-2020 eğitim- öğretim yılında aktif klinik uygulamaya katılan 282 öğrenci ile yapılmıştır. Araştırma verileri araştırmacılar tarafından literatür ışığında hazırlanan “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” ve “Hemşirenin Bakım Verici Rollerine İlişkin Tutum Ölçeği (HBRTÖ)” formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin HBRTÖ toplam puan ortalaması 68.60±7.34 olup, öğrencilerin hemşirelikte bakım verici role ilişkin tutumlarının yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca hemşirelik bölümü üçüncü ve dördüncü sınıf lisans öğrencilerinin yaş ve cinsiyetlerinin hemşirelerin bakım verici rollerine ilişkin tutumlarını etkilemediği belirlenmiştir. Ancak mesleği sevdiği için tercih eden öğrencilerin “Hemşirenin Öz bakım Gereksinimlerini Gidermesi ve Danışmanlık Rolü” (p=0.01), “Hemşirenin Tedavi Sürecindeki Rolü” alt boyut (p=0.04) ve toplam ölçek puanlarının (p=0.02) anlamlı düzeyde yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin hemşirelerin bakım verici rollerine ilişkin tutumlarının yüksek olduğu, mesleği sevdiği için tercih eden öğrencilerin hemşirelik mesleğinin bakım rollerine ilişkin daha olumlu tutum içinde oldukları saptanmıştır.
Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Klinik Uygulama Öncesi Yapılan İnteraktif Vaka Tartışmalarına İlişkin Görüşleri
Authors: BULUT Hülya , GÜLER Sevil , KALKAN Nevra , OPAK YÜCEL Burcu , IRMAK Burçin , YILDIZ EMRE Nihal 
Published: October 2021

Amaç: Bu araştırma, öğrencilerin klinik uygulama öncesi yapılan interaktif vaka tartışmalarına ilişkin görüşlerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipteki araştırmanın örneklemini 234 hemşirelik öğrencisi oluşturmuştur. Araştırma verileri araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen anket formu ile Haziran 2019’da toplanmıştır. Araştırma için kurum izni, etik onay ve öğrencilerden yazılı onam alınmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistiksel yöntemler kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırmada öğrencilerin %92.7’si ders kapsamında klinik uygulama öncesi yapılan interaktif vaka tartışmalarının yararlı olduğunu belirtmiştir. Öğrencilerin özellikle “aktif katılımlı-görsel öğrenme ve uygulama ortamı oluşturma (%26.1)”, “teorik bilgiyi pekiştirme ve bilginin kalıcılığını sağlama (%24.3)” ve “klinik uygulama öncesi bilgi ve beceri düzeyini artırma (%22.6)” yönünden uygulamaları faydalı buldukları belirlenmiştir. Öğrenciler interaktif vaka tartışmalarının mesleki gelişim üzerinde “hemşirelik bakım süreci (%38)”, “teorik bilgi düzeyi (%15.4)” ve “bütüncül düşünebilme becerisi (%12)” konularında olumlu etkilerinin olduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Ayrıca, öğrencilerin %47’si uygulamalar sırasında zorluk yaşadıklarını, en çok yaşanan zorlukların “uygulama sırasında teorik bilgilerinin yetersiz olması (%29.2)”, “uygulama süresinin sınırlı olması (%15.8)” ve “öğrenme ortamının kalabalık olması (%15)” olduğunu vurgulamışlardır. Öğrencilerin tamamına yakını interaktif vaka tartışmalarının öz değerlendirme yapmaya katkı sağladığını, öğrenmeyi kolaylaştırdığını ve klinik uygulama öncesinde faydalı olduğunu ifade etmiştir. Öğrencilerin çoğu (%94.4) gelecek yıllarda uygulamalara devam edilmesinin yararlı olacağını bildirmişlerdir.
Sonuç: Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda interaktif yöntemlerle vaka tartışmalarının öğrenciler için faydalı olduğu belirlenmiş olup, klinik uygulama öncesinde hemşirelik eğitimine dahil edilmesi önerilmektedir.
Doğum Sonu Yorgunluğun Yönetilmesinde Farmakolojik Olmayan Girişimler: Randomize Kontrollü Çalışmaların Sistematik Derlemesi
Authors: UZUNKAYA ÖZTOPRAK Pınar , CALPBİNİCİ Pelin 
Published: October 2021

Amaç: Doğum sonrası yorgunluk, doğumdan sonra haftalarca sürebilen, annenin hem kendi hem de bebeğinin bakımını etkileyebilen ve anne ve bebek sağlığını tehdit edebilen önemli ve yaygın görülen bir sorundur. Bu çalışmada, doğum sonrası yorgunluğun yönetilmesinde kullanılan müdahaleleri belirlemek ve bu müdahalelerin etkinliğini incelemek amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Bu sistematik derlemede; PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science ve EBSCOhost veri tabanlarında ‘yorgunluk’, ‘doğum sonrası yorgunluk’, ‘doğum sonrası yorgunluk ve müdahaleler ya da farmakolojik olmayan müdahaleler’ ve ‘doğum sonrası yorgunluğun yönetimi veya stratejileri ve randomize kontrollü çalışma’ anahtar kelimeleriyle tam metnine ulaşılabilen, 2010-2021 yılları arasında yayınlanmış dokuz randomize kontrollü çalışma incelenmiştir.
Bulgular: Yapılan inceleme sonucunda, doğum sonu yorgunluğun yönetiminde eğitim (n=2), eğitim ve egzersiz (n=1), egzersiz (n=1), aromaterapi (n=1), akupunktur (n=1), lavanta çayı tüketme (n=1), uyumaya yardımcı olma (n=1) ve ten tene temas (n=1) girişimlerinin uygulandığı görülmüştür. İncelenen çalışmaların çoğunda annelerin doğum sonu yorgunluk düzeyinin azaldığı bildirilmiştir.
Sonuç: Doğum sonu yorgunluğun etkili bir şekilde yönetilebilmesine yönelik uygulanan girişimlere ilişkin sınırlı bilgi ve uygulama yer almaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, doğum sonu yorgunluğa yönelik müdahaleleri kapsayan daha büyük örneklemle kanıt düzeyi yüksek araştırmaların yapılması, bu araştırmaların içerik, müdahale ve yöntem açısından zenginleştirilmesi, doğum sonu yorgunluğun etkilerini azaltabilecek yeni stratejiler geliştirilmesi önerilir.