bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biologically active toxin from macroalgae Chaetomorpha antennina Bory, against the lepidopteran Spodoptera litura Fab. and evaluation of toxicity to earthworm, Eudrilus eugeniae Kinb
Authors: Chanthini Kanagaraj Muthu-Pandian , Senthil-Nathan Sengottayan , Stanley-Raja Vethamonickam , Karthi Sengodan , Sivanesh Haridoss , Ramasubramanian Ramakrishnan , Abdel-Megeed Ahmed , Maghraby Dahlia M. El , Ghaith Aml , Alwahibi Mona S. , Elshikh Mohamed Soliman , Hunter Wayne Brian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Seaweeds harbour a wide array of bioactive compounds shown to be effective in support of sustainable agricultural practices. The green seaweed Chaetomorpha antennina found in abundance in coastal areas of India has been reported with various bioactivities. Owing to the requirement of alternative and economical natural pest control method to be applied in sustainable agronomic strategies, the current study attempts to evaluate the efficacy of chemical toxins from C. antennina, as insecticidal agents, by inspecting their effects on the physiology, biochemistry, immune system, and histology of one of the most important insect pests of agricultural crops in the Asian tropics, the polyphagous lepidopteran Spodoptera litura.

Results
The active fraction 5 isolated from C. antennina using methanol extraction produced significant mortality rates of S. litura among all the other fractions obtained. GC–MS analysis revealed the presence of various pesticide compounds. The toxin compounds (active fraction 5) were found to negatively influence the pest’s immune system performance at sub-lethal concentrations (LC50 38.73and LC90 53.60 ppm), affecting insect development, reducing the haemocyte count (69.24%) and reduced the activity of major defence enzyme phenoloxidase decreased post-treatments. Digestive phosphatase enzymes, acid phosphatase, ACP, alkaline phosphatase, ALP, and ATPase were demodulated by 37.5, 39, and 23.9% compared with untreated. Increase in detoxification enzymes coupled with mid-gut collapse are indicative of the toxicity of the compounds. Earthworms exposed to seaweed compounds displayed no debarring effects.

Conclusion
Extracted seaweed compounds produced significant lethal effect on the insect larvae, affecting the immune as well as digestive systems of the pest. However, no such toxicity was observed in earthworms treated with the seaweed fraction supporting their environmentally benign nature. Since the insect immune system is responsible for the development of resurgence against pesticides, suppression of immunological activities by seaweed toxins indicate the long-term applicability of these compounds as prospective pesticides. The results support the potential of chemicals from C. antennina for biopesticide development to manage economically important agricultural pests.
Assessment of logistics service quality dimensions: a qualitative approach
Authors: Arabelen Gamze , Kaya Hasan Tolga 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGlobalization and complex supply chain networks have been affecting Logistics Services Providers’ (LSPs) service delivery and service expectations. Logistics Service Quality (LSQ) is becoming a more important aspect for LSPs and logistics service customers. In recent years, there has been an increase in the studies on service quality in logistics. Researchers have been trying to identify aspects of LSQ and its dimensions in order to create a measurement model that could be used in overall logistics services. However, there is still neither a unified nor agreed LSQ measurement model in the literature and researchers have been debating continuously on the proposed models. This paper targets to investigate and suggest LSQ measurement dimensions obtained from previous studies by analyzing the findings within a systematic approach and improving the findings with semi-structured interviews. In this study, systematic literature analysis has been conducted to research papers published in selected academic databases with specific keyword and keyword cluster searches to identify the related articles published within a specified period. Papers have been selected in accordance with the predefined criteria. As a result, a total of 59 articles have been determined for the search criteria and the findings obtained were analyzed. Most frequently used research trends and methods on service quality in logistics have been identified. In addition, the most frequently used LSQ dimensions and factors have been reviewed. Moreover, the most frequently used service quality approaches and measurement models have been analyzed. The results received from systematic literature review have been composed and dimensions have been identified. Semi-structured interviews with LSPs and customers of LSPs in Germany-based companies have been conducted to strengthen the findings gained from systematic literature review. 5 LSQ dimensions and 24 factors have been formed with the help of semi-structured interviews. This paper represents the basis for further research for empirical studies and can be used as a guideline for quality management practices in logistics applications and transport.
Characterisation of the rumen resistome in Spanish dairy cattle
Authors: López-Catalina Adrián , Atxaerandio Raquel , García-Rodríguez Aser , Goiri Idoia , Gutierrez-Rivas Mónica , Jiménez‐Montero José Antonio , González-Recio Oscar 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Rumen microorganisms carry antimicrobial resistance genes which pose a threaten to animals and humans in a One Health context. In order to tackle the emergence of antimicrobial resistance it is vital to understand how they appear, their relationship with the host, how they behave as a whole in the ruminal ecosystem or how they spread to the environment or humans. We sequenced ruminal samples from 416 Holstein dairy cows in 14 Spanish farms using nanopore technology, to uncover the presence of resistance genes and their potential effect on human, animal and environmental health.

Results
We found 998 antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in the cow rumen and studied the 25 most prevalent genes in the 14 dairy cattle farms. The most abundant ARGs were related to the use of antibiotics to treat mastitis, metritis and lameness, the most common diseases in dairy cattle. The relative abundance (RA) of bacteriophages was positively correlated to the ARGs RA.
The heritability of the RA of the more abundant ARGs ranged between 0.10 (mupA) and 0.49 (tetW), similar to the heritability of the RA of microbes that carried those ARGs. Even though these genes are carried by the microorganisms, the host is partially controlling their RA by having a more suitable rumen pH, folds, or other physiological traits that promote the growth of those microorganisms.

Conclusions
We were able to determine the most prevalent ARGs (macB, msbA, parY, rpoB2, tetQ and TaeA) in the ruminal bacteria ecosystem. The rumen is a reservoir of ARGs, and strategies to reduce the ARG load from livestock must be pursued.
Polysomnographic and clinical characteristics of positional obstructive sleep apnea patients
Authors: Beyhan Sagmen Seda , Cömert Sevda 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Obstructive sleep apnea is a condition characterized by the complete or partial obstruction of the upper airway during sleep. This study aimed to compare the clinical and polysomnographic characteristics of our obstructive sleep apnea patients according to their positional and non-positional features.

Results
Two hundred eighty patients were included in the study. One hundred two patients (36.43%) were female, while 178 patients (63.57%) were male. While 88 (31.43%) of these patients were defined as positional patients, 192 (68.57%) were defined as non-positional patients. The mean age of the positional patients (46.78 ± 9.66) was lower than the mean age of the non-positional patients (50.90 ± 10.96) (p 0.001). Similarly, the mean body mass index of the positional patients (29.39 ± 3.80) was lower than the mean body mass index of the non-positional patients (33.30 ± 6.45) (p < 0.001). Neck circumference values of the positional patients (40.36 ± 2.65) were lower compared to the non-positional patients (43.32 ± 2.54) (p < 0.001).
Sleep values were compared based on the presence of positional sleep apnea. In the positional patients, sleep duration, sleep efficiency (percentage), duration of stage N3, minimum, and mean saturation values were found to be higher compared to the non-positional patients, while nightlong apnea hypopnea index, apnea index, percentage of sleep time with oxygen saturation below 90%, oxygen desaturation index, mean heart rate, and periodic limb movement index values were found to be lower (p < 0.05).
The rate of severe sleep apnea (7.95%) in the positional patients was lower than the non-positional patients (53.65%) (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
In the light of these data, positional OSA is a very important condition presented in 31.43% of OSA patients and it was determined that these patients were younger, had less body mass index, and shorter neck circumference. The rate of severe disease was found to be lower in positional OSA patients
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in non-smokers: role of oxidative stress
Authors: Saeed Zainab H. , El Hakim Mohamed A. E. Abd , Mohamed Nezar R. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
A striking feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is its inability to resolve after cigarette smoke exposure has ended, which has contributed to the possibility that the disease could also be driven by other endogenous causes, such as autoimmunity or chronic infection. The objective of this research was to examine oxidative stress in non-smoker and ex-smoker COPD subjects and its relationship to pulmonary functions and sputum cytology.

Results
This case control-study enrolled 40 patients with COPD who are non-smokers or ex-smokers and 30 healthy controls of non-smokers or ex-smokers; oxidative stress markers, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were compared in the two groups. All oxidative stress markers are elevated in the COPD group versus the control group. MDA has a negative correlation with FEV1and dyspnea grade.

Conclusion
Blood concentrations of SOD and MDA are consistently higher in patients with non-smokers or ex-smoker COPD when compared to non-smokers or ex-smoker healthy controls.
The developmental origins of Notch-driven intrahepatic bile duct disorders
Authors: Martinez Lyons Anabel , Boulter Luke 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTThe Notch signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism of cell–cell communication that mediates cellular proliferation, cell fate specification, and maintenance of stem and progenitor cell populations. In the vertebrate liver, an absence of Notch signaling results in failure to form bile ducts, a complex tubular network that radiates throughout the liver, which, in healthy individuals, transports bile from the liver into the bowel. Loss of a functional biliary network through congenital malformations during development results in cholestasis and necessitates liver transplantation. Here, we examine to what extent Notch signaling is necessary throughout embryonic life to initiate the proliferation and specification of biliary cells and concentrate on the animal and human models that have been used to define how perturbations in this signaling pathway result in developmental liver disorders.
Η διδακτική της Ιστορίας μέσω της δραματικής τέχνης στη διαπολιτισμική εκπαίδευση των μαθητών της Δ΄ Δημοτικού
Authors: Δημητριάδης Δημήτριος 
Published: September 2021

Το βασικό θέμα που πραγματεύεται η διδακτορική διατριβή είναι ο τρόπος σύνδεσης της διδακτικής της ιστορίας με τη διαπολιτισμική εκπαίδευση των μαθητών ώστε να μπορεί να ανταποκριθεί το μάθημα στο σχολικό πολυπολιτισμικό περιβάλλον της Ελλάδας του 21ου αιώνα. Η διατριβή αποτελείται από δύο συστατικά μέρη, το Θεωρητικό Σκέλος και το Ερευνητικό Σκέλος. Το Θεωρητικό Σκέλος εστιάζει στη διερεύνηση του βαθμού στον οποίο η σχολική Ιστορία στην Πρωτοβάθμια Εκπαίδευση συνδέεται ή μη με την καλλιέργεια δεξιοτήτων, που θα βοηθήσουν τους μαθητές να μετεξελιχθούν ως πολίτες εντός του σύγχρονου πολυπολιτισμικού περιβάλλοντος. Διερευνώνται διεξοδικά ο τρόπος προσέγγισης των εννοιών της ετερότητας, του χώρου και του χρόνου στα σχολικά εγχειρίδια και τα αναλυτικά προγράμματα,η ιστορική συνείδηση που αναπτύσσουν Έλληνες εκπαιδευτικοί και μαθητές και η επίσημη εκπαιδευτική πολιτική που ακολουθείται για τη διδασκαλία της σχολικής Ιστορίας. Στο δεύτερο μέρος του Θεωρητικού Σκέλους αναπτύσσονται προτάσεις για την προσέγγιση των εννοιών της ετερότητας, του χώρου και του χρόνου με βάση κατευθύνσεις της Νέας Διδακτικής της Ιστορίας και για τον τρόπο εφαρμογής τεχνικών θεάτρου και δράματος στη σχολική Ιστορία με στόχο τη σύνδεσή της με τη διαπολιτισμική εκπαίδευση των μαθητών. Στο ερευνητικό μέρος περιγράφεται η πειραματική έρευνα που εφαρμόστηκε σε μαθητές της Δ΄ τάξης Δημοτικού. Η έρευνα βασίζεται σε μία πειραματική παρέμβαση στην οποία το περιεχόμενο των κεφαλαίων 20-27 του σχολικού εγχειριδίου προσεγγίζεται με βάση τις κατευθύνσεις της Νέας Διδακτικής της Ιστορίας μέσω της χρήσης τεχνικών θεάτρου και δράματος για τη διδασκαλία τους. Η έρευνα πραγματοποιήθηκε το σχολικό έτος 2014-2015. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι οι μαθητές που παρακολούθησαν την παρέμβαση βελτίωσαν τη στάση τους απέναντι στο εθνοπολιτισμικά διαφορετικό, ανέπτυξαν διαφυλετικές φιλίες, βελτίωσαν τη συνεργασία μεταξύ τους εντός της σχολικής τάξης, ανέπτυξαν μία λιγότερο ελληνοκεντρική, τελολογική και γεγονοτολογική ιστορική συνείδηση και αντιμετώπισαν κριτικά το φαινόμενο του πολέμου. Προέκυψε το συμπέρασμα βάσει αποτελεσμάτων, ότι το μάθημα της Ιστορίας συνδέεται με την ανάπτυξη διαπολιτισμικών δεξιοτήτων των μαθητών.
Modelling age-friendly environment for social connectedness: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Shi Ying Lein , Ming Ming Lai , Siok Hwa Lau 
Published: September 2021

Background: The increase in aged populations in Malaysia has brought unprecedented challenges to families, policy makers, scholars, and business organisations. This paper adapted the WHO 2007 framework of features of age-friendly cities to examine age-friendly environment constructs and their linkages with social connectedness from the perspective of Malaysian middle-aged and older adults caring for themselves. Methods: A face-to-face cross-sectional survey was conducted on 402 middle-aged and older adults caring for themselves across selected states in west Malaysia, selected via purposive sampling. Firstly, features of age-friendly cities were explored through exploratory factor analysis involving 82 respondents. Subsequently, structural equation modelling was performed, involving 320 respondents. Results: The results indicated that the constructs of an age-friendly environment were built environment, community support and health services, civic participation, and employment as well as communication and information. The structural model provided evidence that implementing age-friendly initiatives relating to built environment, community support and health services, civic participation and employment as well as communication and information enables the ageing population to improve their connectedness with society. These findings supported the ecological theories, agreeing that age-friendly environments help middle-aged and older adults caring for themselves to increase their adaptability and reduce perceived pressure from the environment. This result was in line with the current literature in which an age-friendly environment is a form of support and an enabling environment to cultivate positive social relationships and connectivity. Conclusions: Creating an age-friendly environment that supports active and healthy living for middle-aged and older adults caring for themselves allows them to continue to share their experiences, knowledge, and wisdom. This is helpful and beneficial for societal well-being and economic development as well as for the future generations.
Effects of Potassium Application and Straw Returning on Potassium Management and Benefit of Banana
Authors: Zheng Chao , Yang Xiaofei , Liu Kexing , Huang Yongxiang 
Published: September 2021

HighlightsThe effects of potash fertilizer and straw returning on a banana orchard were studied by field experiment.Fertilizer with straw was more conductive to potassium nutrient balance and improved banana yield and quality.The economic benefits of straw replacing different amounts of potassium fertilizer were compared.Abstract. To explore the effects of potash fertilizer and straw returning in banana production, a field experiment was carried out, and four treatments were set up: NP fertilizer (NP), NP fertilizer and banana straw (NP+St), NPK fertilizer (NPK), and NPK fertilizer and banana straw (NPK+St). Through the soil potassium balance, the effects of potash fertilizer and straw returning on the yield, quality, and economic benefits of bananas were studied. The results showed that the application of potash fertilizer and straw could improve banana yields. Compared with the NP treatment, the banana yields of the NP+St, NPK, and NPK+St treatments increased by 17.5%, 50.5%, and 71.6%, respectively. The order of banana yield, potassium balance coefficient, and nutrient accumulation was NPK+St &gt; NP+St &gt; NPK &gt; NP. The NPK+St treatment also improved the recovery rate and agronomic utilization rate of potash fertilizer, which were higher than that of potassium application without straw (NPK) and straw application without potassium (NP+St). Potassium application with straw improved the banana yield, increased the total accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and improved the efficiency of potash fertilizer uptake by the crop. Therefore, this study demonstrates the importance of straw for maintaining the soil potassium balance in banana production. The input cost of potassium fertilizer was reduced, and the resource utilization of banana straw was realized by straw returning, which can be promoted in local agricultural production. Keywords: Banana, Potassium application, Potassium balance, Straw returning, Yield.
La poesía elevada desde abajo. Marcial frente a la épica y la tragedia
Authors: Gutiérrez Temiño Andrés 
Published: September 2021

Muchos son los estudios sobre la épica y la tragedia: estudios desde dentro, es decir, a partir de los eruditos y poetas. El poeta latino Marcial, en cambio, nos da en sus epigramas una razón humanista y realista de los escenarios, y así lo demuestra en epigramas programáticos como 1, 107; 4, 49; 5, 53; 8, 3; 8, 55; 9, 50; 10, 4; 11, 90 y 14, 1, entre otros. Un motivo de peso puede ser ensalzar el género del epigrama, en auge con el propio poeta, e intentar destacar; un segundo motivo puede ser que los géneros elevados colocan a dioses y héroes demasiado cerca del pueblo y se alejan de la realidad y de la vida cotidiana. Contra este tipo de poesía, Marcial nos enseña cuánta pedantería y vacuidad había en cada esquina donde se recitaba la épica. Se da, pues, en Marcial un rechazo programático contra la poesía elevada de gran formato, oscura erudición y temática mitológica. Lo verdaderamente notable de Marcial es que rechaza la materia misma de la que se nutría la poesía elevada, el relato mitológico, y lo hace desde unos presupuestos exclusivamente literarios, volviendo la mira de su poesía hacia el hombre: hominem nostra pagina sapit (10, 4, 10).
poesia profètica en l'ORATIO AD COETVM SANCTORVM
Authors: Vidiella Puñet Ignasi 
Published: September 2021

En l’Oratio ad coetum sanctorum, atribuïda a Constantí el Gran, trobem dues peces de caire poètic: un Oracle Sibil·lí (8, 217-250) i diferents versos de l’Ègloga 4 de Virgili, textos que, en un primer moment, semblaria que són inconnexos al context del discurs i que tan sols hi són transmesos com a exercici retòric. No obstant això, l’emperador empra aquestes dues composicions per demostrar que l’adveniment de Crist ja havia estat vaticinat anteriorment i les posa a tall d’exemple, l’una de tirada, l’altra intercalant-hi una anàlisi exegètica.
En aquest article, mirem de veure quina relació s’estableix amb la resta del discurs i de quina manera l’emperador Constantí mira d’enllaçar les diferents idees inserides en ambdós textos poètics per treure el màxim de profit possible al seu ús.
Prime‐time abortion on Grey's Anatomy: What do US viewers learn from fictional portrayals of abortion on television?
Authors: Sisson Gretchen , Walter Nathan , Herold Stephanie , Brooks John J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCONTEXTEntertainment television can impact viewers' knowledge, attitudes, and reproductive health behaviors, yet little research has examined the impact of scripted abortion plotlines on viewers' abortion knowledge or social supportiveness for those having abortions. We examined the impact of an abortion storyline from Grey's Anatomy on US‐based viewers.METHODWe conducted an online survey of likely Grey's Anatomy viewers prior to the episode's airing, assessing abortion ideology, knowledge, and support. After airing, we resurveyed respondents (including both those who had and had not viewed the target episode). We tested three hypotheses: episode exposure would (1) improve abortion knowledge and (2) increase support for medication abortion and decrease support for self‐induced abortion, and (3) the effects on knowledge and supportive intention would be moderated by state support for abortion. We used independent samples t tests to examine hypotheses 1 and 2 and PROCESS macro to test the moderated effects (hypothesis 3).RESULTSThe results of the pretest/posttest analysis indicated that exposure to the episode significantly improved medication abortion knowledge. Increases in medication abortion knowledge were tied to explicit educational dialogue and did not translate into an increase in general abortion knowledge or social supportiveness. Notably, abortion‐related state policy significantly moderated the influence of exposure for respondents in states with policies favorable to abortion access.CONCLUSIONSThese findings suggest that entertainment television can contribute to meaningful increases in viewers' knowledge about abortion, but that the potential for impact of entertainment‐education is closely linked to episode content and moderated by state‐level abortion policy.