bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cell Sizes Study of Encapsulated Coconut Oil for Heat Exchanger Application
Authors: Jurizat Aldissain , Andoni Heri , Sutjahja Inge Magdalena , Wonorahardjo Surjamanto 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Study of heat exchanger system using phase change material (PCM) for air conditioning system application in buildings is still very rare. The potential application of natural materials such as coconut oil as heat storage and heat exchangers in buildings in the tropics is quite large because the melting point of this material is in the human comfortable temperature range and a relatively large heat enthalpy corresponds to the stored heat. The heat exchange of such materials is strongly influenced by its thermal conductivity so that the heat flow rate greatly affects the effectiveness of heat exchange. This paper shows the role of cell size on the effectiveness of coconut oil as the heat exchanger. The experiment was conducted by measuring the temperature of coconut oil cell with diameter 4 cm, 5 cm, 6 cm, 8 cm, 12 cm and 16 cm in the natural air environment. The temperature was measured using thermocouples for 2 × 24 hours with a data retrieval interval for 15 minutes. The results showed that cell size provides different responses to changes in environmental temperature, so that its role as a heat exchanger can be designed according to its needs.
An investigation into the phenomenon of macroscopic plastic deformation localization in metals
Authors: Versaillot P D , Wu Y F , Zhao Z L 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Experimental and theoretical studies are combined to investigate the phenomenon of macroscopic plastic deformation localization in metallic tensile specimens of AL6061, HSLA350 and Q235. The longitudinal strain and cross-section reduction of the specimens at different instant during testing are estimated through the measurement technique of three dimensional digital image correlation (3D-DIC). The Ling weighted-average method referred as WAM is used to compare the true stress-strain relation obtained from the experiment. A new mathematical model is suggested to estimate the localization zone length, which is a crucial parameter that can be used to anticipate the behaviour of metals past the peak load. The effect of material property on the necking zone length is examined. The experimental results show that the axial strain within the necking zone is non-uniform. It is also found that the WAM can precisely derive the true stress of steels Q235 and HSLA350 but not AL6061. The localization zone length of the round specimens Q235, HSLA350, and AL6061 equals six, five, and four times their initial diameter, respectively. Materials with a higher fracture strain ratio to the ultimate strain have a shorter necking zone length. This work provides insights into the physical mechanism of macroscopic plastic deformation localization.
Spatial Variability Model for Water Quality Assessment of the Physicochemical Parameters and the Water Quality Index of Laguna Lake and its Tributaries
Authors: Capili N I F , Marilla J F , Montes K M S , Villaseñor F C 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Assessment and mapping of quality of surface water are essential because chemical and physical characteristics of the water determine its suitability for domestic, industrial, and agricultural usages. Geographic information system (GIS) is an effective and efficient technique in problem-solving where spatial data are essential. Six Physicochemical parameters; Biological Oxygen Demand, Minimum Dissolved Oxygen, Level of Acidity or pH, Nitrate, Phosphate, and Ammonia from Laguna Lake and its tributary rivers were examined from the year 2016 to 2019. Ordinary Kriging and Universal Kriging were used as the spatial interpolation methods that carried out the estimation of the concentrations of the parameters at the unsampled location. It showed that Ordinary kriging performed better compared to Universal Kriging. This paper attempted to obtain the water quality index (WQI) from the year 2016 to 2019. Results showed that Laguna Lake has a WQI rank of marginal to excellent. The WQI of its tributary rivers is mostly poor. The physicochemical parameters indicated that the life of the lake and its tributaries are in threat. Rehabilitation must be given attention and must be suitably planned and executed. The national government and the responsible authorities must collaborate for the effort in rehabilitating and cleaning.
The erroneous use of the term construction project manager in lieu of construction manager in South Africa
Authors: Taje T , Smallwood J J 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The aim of the research was to evolve a range of interventions to address the misconception within the construction industry that Construction Managers (CMs) and Construction Project Managers (CPMs) are one and the same. The objectives of the study were to determine: the importance of CMs and CPMs within the construction industry; their contributions to the overall success of a construction project; nomenclatures used; what the practice of each profession entails, and the competencies, roles and responsibilities of a CM and CPM. The study entailed a quantitative survey using a self-administered questionnaire delivered per e-mail to a range of built environment stakeholders including Architects, Civil Engineers, CMs, CPMs, Health and Safety (H&S) practitioners, and Quantity Surveyors. in the Nelson Mandela Bay metropole, South Africa. Findings include: CM and CPM are both very important, but different professions; incorrect nomenclatures are used; they require a degree of common competencies and attributes, and a CPM requires experience as a CM. Conclusions include: the common competencies and attributes contribute to the erroneous use of ‘Project Manager’ for a person in the employ of a contractor, managing projects, and the use thereof is to highlight the ‘status’ of the aforementioned. Recommendations include: contractors should use the correct nomenclatures for their respective personnel; the industry should be enlightened regarding the appropriate nomenclatures, and tertiary built environment institutions should enlighten their students regarding the respective disciplines and nomenclatures.
Mechanical and thermal properties of a novel Spinifex Littoreus fiber reinforced polymer composites as an alternate for synthetic glass fiber composites
Authors: S Milan , Christopher T , Manivannan A , Mayandi K , Jappes J T Winowlin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The usage of natural fiber reinforced composite is large in engineering applications due to the presence of high extensive properties and economy. This paper aims at presenting a new fiber, its characteristics, and composite in a polymeric matrix empowering the generation of less weight composites for load conveying applications. Spinifex Littoreus Fiber (SLF) is a genus of perennial coastal plants in the grass family. The comprehensive characterization that includes physical analysis, chemical analysis, thermal analysis, mechanical and microstructural characteristics have been carried out on the fiber. The effect of fiber weight percentage was studied from the point of view of the mechanical properties of the compression moulded Spinifex Littoreus Fiber Composites (SLFC). Mechanical properties attained at 40 wt% of fiber content were better. In addition to more fiber, it tends to cause inadequate bonding among the matrix and fiber, resulting in a decrease in mechanical performance. The specific properties of SLFC polymer composites are comparable to those of the glass fiber composite. This makes SLFC composite as an alternate lightweight material. SEM was performed for a study of the interfacial mechanism.
Chitosan-based nanocomposites: preparation and characterization for food packing industry
Authors: M Ahmed Emad , Saber D , Abd ElAziz Kh , Alghtani Abdulaziz H , Felemban Bassem F , Ali Hafiz T , Megahed M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In the present work, Cerium (IV)-Zirconium (IV) oxide nanoparticles (CeO4ZrNPs) was successfully dispersed into Chitosan/15Gelatin nanocomposites with different quantities. The obtained chitosan-based nanocomposites represented remarkable improvements in structural, morphological, mechanical, and thermal properties. Roughness increased from 74 nm to 6.4 nm, Young’s Modulus enhanced from 1.36 GPa to 2.99 GPa. The influence of dispersed CeO4ZrNPs contents on the phase transition temperature (T
g) and the non-isothermal degradation processes of chitosan-based nanocomposites were examined using Differential Scanning Galorimetry (DSC) with different heating rates. Kinetic parameters of the thermal degradation for chitosan-based nanocomposites were evaluated using Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) and Kissenger (KIS) procedures. Chitosan-based nanocomposites showed an increase in the thermal degradation temperature with higher activation energies, indicating improved thermal stability. Thermal analysis demonstrated that chitosan-based nanocomposites became more ordered by increasing CeO4ZrNPs as inferred from the negative entropy increase. Moreover, the degradation of chitosan-based nanocomposites has been described as a non-spontaneous process. The resulting information is particularly important in applications in which there is a need to obtain chitosan nanocomposites with improved mechanical and thermal properties such as food packing industry.
High-throughput screening to modulate electronic and optical properties of alloyed Cs2AgBiCl6 for enhanced solar cell efficiency
Authors: Gill Deepika , Bhumla Preeti , Kumar Manish , Bhattacharya Saswata 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The lead-free double perovskite material (viz. Cs2AgBiCl6) has emerged as an efficient and environmentally friendly alternative to lead halide perovskites. To make Cs2AgBiCl6 optically active in the visible region of solar spectrum, band gap engineering approach has been undertaken. Using Cs2AgBiCl6 as a host, band gap and optical properties of Cs2AgBiCl6 have been modulated by alloying with M(I), M(II), and M(III) cations at Ag-/Bi-sites. Here, we have employed density functional theory (DFT) with suitable exchange-correlation functionals in light of spin–orbit coupling (SOC) to determine the stability, band gap and optical properties of different compositions, that are obtained on Ag–Cl and Bi–Cl sublattices mixing. On analyzing 64 combinations within Cs2AgBiCl6, we have identified 19 promising configurations having band gap sensitive to solar cell applications. The most suitable configurations with Ge(II) and Sn(II) substitutions have spectroscopic limited maximum efficiency (SLME) of 32.08% and 30.91%, respectively, which are apt for solar cell absorber.
Full-color computational ghost imaging using a chromatic LED array and image interpolation
Authors: Li Li-Jing , Huang Hong-Xu , Sun Ming-Jie 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Computational ghost imaging has been an interesting topic for the imaging research community. However, low resolution and quality of image have been a major problem inhibiting the application of computational ghost imaging technique. In this work, we develop a chromatic 64 × 64 LED array which provides high-speed structured illumination up to 2.5 MHz for computational ghost imaging. Importantly, rather than using regular Cartesian arrangement which is commonly used in a digital camera’s detection array, the LED chips on chromatic LED array we propose are arranged in a special way we refer to as basket-weave sampling. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed arrangement outperforms Cartesian arrangement for storing high-frequency information of colored pictures, with averaged root mean squared error (RMSE) reduced by 4.6%. Meanwhile, considering the physical structure of the LED array, we propose a targeted interpolation algorithm for resulting images obtained from the experiment, and results show that our algorithm has lower averaged RMSE by 2% when compared to bilinear algorithm and by 6.4% when compared to bicubic algorithm.
Optimization of therapeutic antibodies
Authors: Wang Bo , Gallolu Kankanamalage Sachith , Dong Jianbo , Liu Yue 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this review, we have summarized the current landscape of therapeutic antibody optimization for successful development. By engineering antibodies with display technology, computer-aided design and site mutagenesis, various properties of the therapeutic antibody candidates can be improved with the purpose of enhancing their safety, efficacy and developability. These properties include antigen binding affinity and specificity, biological efficacy, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, immunogenicity and physicochemical developability features. A best-in-class strategy may require the optimization of all these properties to generate a good therapeutic antibody.
The effect of opioids on the cognitive function of older adults: results from the Personality and Total Health through life study
Authors: Neelamegam Malinee , Zgibor Janice , Chen Henian , O’rourke Kathleen , Bakour Chighaf , Rajaram Lakshminarayan , Anstey Kaarin J 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
chronic pain, a common complaint among older adults, affects physical and mental well-being. While opioid use for pain management has increased over the years, pain management in older adults remains challenging, due to potential severe adverse effects of opioids in this population.

Objective
we examined the association between opioid use, and changes in cognitive function of older adults.

Design
prospective study.

Setting
community dwelling older adults.

Subjects
study population consisted of 2,222 individuals aged 65–69 years at baseline from the Personality and Total Health Through Life Study in Australia.

Methods
medication data were obtained from the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme. Cognitive measures were obtained from neuropsychological battery assessment. Opioid exposure was quantified as Total Morphine Equivalent Dose (MED). The association between change in cognitive function between Wave 2 and Wave 3, and cumulative opioid use was assessed through generalized linear models.

Results
cumulative opioid exposure exceeding total MED of 2,940 was significantly associated with poorer performance in the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Compared with those not on opioids, individuals exposed to opioids resulting in cumulative total MED of greater than 2,940 had significantly lower scores in the MMSE (Model 1: β = −0.34, Model 2: β = −0.35 and Model 3: β = −0.39, P &lt; 0.01). Performance in other cognitive assessments was not associated with opioid use.

Conclusion
prolonged opioid use in older adults can affect cognitive function, further encouraging the need for alternative pain management strategies in this population. Pain management options should not adversely affect healthy ageing trajectories and cognitive health.
Association of Cytochrome P450 2C9*3 and Angiotensin II Receptor 1 (1166A&gt;C) Gene Polymorphisms With the Antihypertensive Effect of Irbesartan
Authors: Dong Hui , Wang Feng-zhen , Shi Kun , Zhang Xue-shan , Lv Dong-mei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
To analyze whether the cytochrome P450 enzyme 2C9*3 (CYP2C9*3) and angiotensin II receptor 1 (AGTR1) (1166A&gt;C) gene polymorphisms are associated with the risk of essential hypertension (EH) and the antihypertensive effect of irbesartan.

Methods
A total of 2,057 EH patients and 286 healthy controls were enrolled for genotyping in which 598 EH patients were given irbesartan 150 mg/day for 4 weeks. Blood pressure of all subjects were determined before and at the end of 4-week treatment.

Results
There was no significant difference in genotype frequencies of CYP2C9*3 and AGTR1 (1166A&gt;C) between EH and control groups. Subjects with *1*3/*3*3 genotypes of the CYP2C9*3 gene had larger systolic and diastolic blood pressure reductions (34.9 ± 15.5 vs. 29.3 ± 10.2 mm Hg and 22.8 ± 9.0 vs. 19.6 ± 8.5 mm Hg, respectively) compared with the *1*1 genotype. For AGTR1 (1166A&gt;C) polymorphisms, although there was no significant difference among AC, CC, and AA genotypes, male subjects with AC/CC genotypes had larger systolic and diastolic blood pressure reductions (32.3 ± 1.3 vs. 29.3 ± 0.5 mm Hg and 21.6 ± 0.8 vs. 19.4 ± 0.1 mm Hg, respectively, P &lt; 0.05) in response to irbesartan treatment compared with the AA genotype.

Conclusions
Polymorphisms of CYP2C9*3 and AGTR1 (1166A&gt;C) are not significantly different between EH and healthy controls. Male subjects with AC and CC genotypes of AGTR1 (1166A&gt;C) show better antihypertensive effect of irbesartan than the AA genotype.
Network meta-analysis of infliximab biosimilars for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Hanrahan Conor , Lee Todd 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Purpose
This article assesses the relative efficacy and safety of infliximab biosimilars in treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods
A frequentist, random-effects network meta-analysis was performed to evaluate evidence from randomized controlled trials that examined the use of infliximab biosimilars for treatment of patients with RA. PubMed/MEDLINE and other sources were searched for reports evaluating rates of response to treatment with the reference product (infliximab) vs an infliximab biosimilar. The primary efficacy outcome of interest was the rate of attainment of ACR20 (ie, 20% improvement in American College of Rheumatology core measures). The primary safety outcome was the rate of treatment-related serious adverse events (SAEs). Data were extracted by the primary author, and an assessment for risks of methodological bias was performed for each evaluated study.

Results
Five studies that enrolled a total of 2,499 patients were included. Overall comparisons using odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) did not indicate statistically significant differences in response to treatment with biosimilar agents relative to each other or the infliximab reference product. ORs for ACR20 response for biosimilars vs infliximab were as follows: 1.475 (95% CI, 0.940-2.315) for infliximab-axxq, 1.259 (95% CI, 0.854-1.855) for infliximab-dyyb, 0.865 (95% CI, 0.5511.358) for infliximab-qbtx, and 0.832 (95% CI, 0.506-1.367) for infliximab-abda. Similar findings were observed in reported SAE rates among patients treated with the various biosimilars.

Conclusion
ACR20 response appears to be comparable and nonsignificantly different between infliximab biosimilars. In the absence of any meaningful differences in safety or efficacy, biosimilar cost may be the deciding factor in choosing a treatment or agent for formulary inclusion.
Genetic basis for variation in the number of cephalic pores in a hybrid zone between closely related species of goby,Gymnogobius breunigiiandGymnogobius castaneus
Authors: Kakioka Ryo , Kume Manabu , Ishikawa Asano , Ansai Satoshi , Hosoki Takuya K , Yamasaki Yo Y , Nagano Atsushi J , Toyoda Atsushi , Kitano Jun 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPopulations or species exploiting different habitats can differ in sensory perception as a result of divergent adaptation. In bony fish, the water current is perceived via neuromasts, the end organ of the lateral line system. Although fish in different habitats are known to vary in neuromasts, we know little about the genetic basis for such variation. Here, we investigate the genetic basis for variation in supraorbital neuromasts in a hybrid zone between the Japanese gobies Gymnogobius breunigii and Gymnogobius castaneus. The former has supraorbital canal neuromasts with six cephalic pores, whereas the latter has only superficial neuromasts with no canals or pores in the supraorbital region. Our genomic analysis showed that G. breunigii and G. castaneus occur mainly in the lower and mid/upper reaches, respectively. In a river in northern Japan, hybrids were found at the sites between the habitats of the two species. These hybrids exhibited anomalies of cephalic pores. Using this hybrid zone, we conducted genome-wide association studies and identified one locus significantly associated with the number of pores. Genomic cline analysis in the hybrid zone demonstrated that this locus exhibited a higher introgression rate compared with the genomic background, indicating the possibility of adaptive introgression.
‘You’re not Serving Time, You’re Serving Christ’: Protestant Religion and Discourses of Responsibilization in a Women’s Prison
Authors: Ellis Rachel 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCriminologists are increasingly concerned with how incarcerated persons navigate dominant carceral discourses. Insights from narrative criminology reveal that individuals draw on a variety of available discursive resources to adopt, subvert or negotiate dominant messages around what it means to be punished. This article draws on yearlong ethnographic observations inside one US state women’s prison to examine whether and how religion matters for responsibilization discourses promoted by state actors. Examining a case study of Protestant prison activities, I find that religious discourses served dual purposes in light of responsibilization. Interpretively, by describing prison as part of God’s plan, they offered a meaningful counterpoint that mitigated punitive discourses from prison officials. In practice, responsibilization discourses, filtered through the coercive carceral context, re-emerged through a normative religious lens with regard to prison rules and state authority. Considered at the intersection of race, class and gender, this article interrogates how women may draw on discourses from competing institutions such as religion in constructing self-narratives and enacting responsibilization, and how this matters for state control.
Autofluorescence pattern of parathyroid adenomas
Authors: Demarchi M S , Karenovics W , Bédat B , De Vito C , Triponez F 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
Primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) is a common endocrine pathology, and it is due to a single parathyroid adenoma in 80–85 per cent of patients. Near-infrared autofluorescence (NIRAF) has recently been used in endocrine surgery to help in the identification of parathyroid tissue, although there is currently no consensus on whether this technique can differentiate between normal and abnormal parathyroid glands. The aim of this study was to describe the autofluorescence pattern of parathyroid adenoma in pHPT.

Methods
Between January and June 2019, patients with pHPT who underwent surgical treatment for parathyroid adenoma were enrolled. Parathyroid autofluorescence was measured.

Results
Twenty-three patients with histologically confirmed parathyroid adenomas were included. Parathyroid adenomas showed a heterogeneous fluorescence pattern, and a well defined autofluorescent ‘cap’ region was observed in 17 of 23 specimens. This region was on average 28 per cent more fluorescent than the rest of the adenoma, and corresponded to a rim of normal histological parathyroid tissue (sensitivity and specificity 88 and 67 per cent respectively). After resection, all patients were treated successfully, with normal postoperative values of calcium and parathyroid hormone documented.

Conclusion
Parathyroid adenomas show a heterogeneous autofluorescence pattern. Using NIRAF imaging, the majority of specimens showed a well defined autofluorescent portion corresponding to a rim of normal parathyroid tissue. Further studies should be conducted to validate these findings.