bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN, INVESTASI ASING LANGSUNG DAN TENAGA KERJA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI ASEAN
Authors: Melani Rima , Sentosa Sri Ulfa 
Published: November 2021

This study research determine the effect of (1) Education on Economic Growth on ASEAN countries, (2) Foreign Direct Investment on Economic Growth on ASEAN countries (3) Labor on Economic Growth in ASEAN countriess using the method of multiple linear equations with the Least Square Panel Model using panel data from 2012 to 2017. Results of estimation from multiplier linear equation shows that (1) education has a possitive significant effect on economics growth in ASEAN countries (2) Foreign Direct Investment has a possitive significant on economic growth on ASEAN countries and 3) Labor has a possitive significant effect on Economic Growth on ASEAN countries.
Коморбидное течение вестибулярного расстройства
Authors: Воронов Виктор 
Published: November 2021

В практике редко встречаются идеальные пациенты. В основном врачу приходится
распутывать целый клубок патологий, применяя знания из всех областей медицины.
Упорство и ориентированность врача помогут достичь успеха
HUBUNGAN ANTARA REGULASI DIRI (SELF REGULATION) DENGAN HASIL BELAJAR KOGNITIF PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XII PADA MATA PELAJARAN BIOLOGI
Authors: Ningrum Hanis Rachna , Aulya Fitri , Silvia Eka 
Published: November 2021

Rendahnya hasil belajar peserta didik dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya adalah kurangnya pengaturan pada diri peserta didik. Beberapa faktor yang dapat mnyebabkan rendahnya hasil belajar pada peserta didik karena mereka masih kurang didalam mengontrol diri pada berbagai proses kehidupannya (Self Regulation). Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui korelasi antara regulasi diri (Self Regulation) dengan hasil belajar dikelas XII MIPA 1 di salah satu SMA Islamic Boarding School di Padaherang, Kabupaten Pangandaran yang baru berdiri sekitar 4 tahun lalu tepatnya pada tahun 2015. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2019. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah korelasional dengan populasi yaitu seluruh peserta didik di kelas XII MIPA 1 sebanyak 32 orang. Sampel yang diambil dengan cara simple random sampling sehingga seluruh populasi dijadikan sampel. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari instrumen yang sudah tervalidasi yaitu instrumen yang dibuat berdasarkan indikator Self Regulation menurut Boekaerts (1997). Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji korelasi bivariat dengan hasil nilai r hitung untuk hubungan regulasi diri (X) dengan hasil belajar (Y) adalah sebesar 0,584 sehingga terdapat korelasi sedang antara regulasi diri dengan hasil belajar. Kata Kunci: Hasil Belajar, Regulasi diri, Korelasi, Peserta didik
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STAD MELALUI PENDEKATAN INKUIRI TERBIMBING MATERI SISTEM PENCERNAAN MANUSIA KELAS XI MIPA
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisno 
Published: November 2021

Pembaharuan dalam meningkatkan kreatifitas guru perlu dilakukan dalam pengelolaan proses pembelajaran biologi di kelas XI MIPA SMAN 5 Cirebon. Siswa kurang berani bertanya, siswa kurang menguasai keterampilan proses sains, siswa cenderung pasif, rendahnya nilai rata-rata 57 (KKM = 75). Untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar dan aktivitas siswa lebih aktif perlu adanya strategi dalam kreatifitas guru. Tujuan penelitian untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar materi sistem pencernaan manusia pada penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD melalui pendekatan inkuiri terbimbing. Hasil pengamatan kinerja guru dan aktivitas siswa berupa data kualitatif, sedang hasil test tulis ulangan berupa data kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian: (1) keterlaksanaan kinerja guru di siklus I; 80,5% (baik) dan di siklus II; 91% (sangat baik) peningkatan 10,5 (2) aktivitas siswa meningkat di siklus I; 71,5% (cukup) dan di siklus II; 90,8% (sangat baik) ada peningktan 19,3% (3) peningkatan persentase ketuntasan belajar di siklus I; 54,5% (18 siswa) dan di siklus II; 90,9% (30 siswa) meningkat sebesar 36,4% (12 siswa), nilai rata-rata meningkat sebesar 10,7 di siklus I; 69,5 dan di siklus II; 80,2. Simpulan hasil belajar meningkat pada penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) melalui pendekatan inkuiri terbimbing di kelas XI MIPA 2.” Kata Kunci: Kooperatif tipe STAD (Student Teams Achievement Division); Inkuiri terbimbing; Hasil belajar siswa; Aktivitas siswa
PENGARUH PEMBIAYAAN MUDHARABAH DAN PEMBIAYAAN MUSYARAKAH TERHADAP TINGKAT PROFITABILITAS (ROE) BANK UMUM SYARIAH
Authors: Enden Sihabudin  , Wirman  
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh Pembiayaan mudharabah dan pembiayaan musyarakaherhadap tingkat profitabilitas Bank Umum Syariah Indonesia. Sampel penelitian ini menggunakan enam bank umum syariah Indonesia yang ada dalam quarterly finanancial report Bank Syariah Indonesia Tbk tahun 2015 hingga 2019 ata.Analisis yang digunakan merupakan analisis regresi berganda, pengujian hipotesis klasik serta pengujian signifikansi . Hasil penelitian ini Pembiayaan Musdharabah memiliki dampak negatif yang signifikan terhadap profitabilitas pengembalian ekuitas dan Pembiayaan Mudharabah berdampak positif terhadap profitabilitas Roe
Some transformations and physicochemical properties of new S-substituted 5-thiophene-(3-ylmethyl)-4R-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiols
Authors: Хільковець А. В. 
Published: November 2021

Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds are widely represented in modern organic chemistry. A special place among the huge number of substances presented is occupied by derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole due to their uniqueness and prospects. In recent years, these derivatives have remained the object of close attention of both synthetic chemists and researchers engaged in the search for new biologically active substances of a wide spectrum of action, the synthesis of optical materials, dyes, corrosion inhibitors, veterinary drugs, etc. It is known from the literature that the combination of the aromatic heterocycle of thiophene and 1,2,4-triazole is a promising area for research. The result of such combinations is a number of compounds obtained with fairly high yields and a wide range of activities. Thus, further chemical modification of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives by additional administration of a typical thiophene pharmacophore is an urgent task.
The aim of the study is to obtain new compounds in a number of S-substituted 5-thiophene-(3-ylmethyl)-4R-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiols and study their physico-chemical properties using complex analysis methods.
The study of the physical and chemical properties of the compounds obtained was carried out according to methods that meet the standards of the state pharmacopoeia of Ukraine. The synthesis of new compounds was carried out according to generally accepted methods. The previously obtained 5-thiophene-(3-ylmethyl)-4h-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol and 5-thiophene-(3-ylmethyl)-4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol were used as starting compounds. Preparation of thioethanones was performed in an alkaline medium in the presence of methanol. The acids were obtained in an alcohol-alkaline medium with the addition of monochloroacetic acid. To obtain esters, two conventional methods were used. The first method is based on the alkylation in an alkaline-alcohol medium of the starting thiols with isopropyl ester of monochloroacetic acid. The second method is the classical esterification reaction. To confirm the structure and study of the physical and chemical properties, all the resulting compounds were crystallized.
As a result, some new compounds that were not previously described were obtained, namely: thioethanones, thioacetamides, thioacetic acids, thioacetates, and a number of other thiopo-derivatives of these initial compounds. The structure and individuality of the obtained molecules were confirmed by elemental analysis (CHNS), IR and 1H NMR spectra.
A number of new S-derivatives of 5-thiophene-(3-ylmethyl)-4R-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiols have been obtained. The physical and chemical properties of the obtained compounds are determined and their structure is confirmed using modern analysis methods. Some compounds will be transferred for further research.
Determination of Red Blood Cell Distribution Width in Patients with Primary Cutaneous Vasculitis Compared to Systemic Vasculitis
Authors: Wahab Farhana , Uddin Mohammad Jamal , Asaduzzaman ATM , Hena Chowdhury Mohammod Abu , Mahmud Hasan , Nasim Rehnuma 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) has been considered as an inflammatory marker in various disorders. Evaluation of RDW value can also be used as a novel and additional marker for differentiating systemic vasculitis from primary cutaneous vasculitis. Objective: To compare RDW value between patients with cutaneous vasculitis with systemic vasculitis, thereafter to find out it's role as an effective indicator to distinguish both forms of vasculitis.
Materials and Methods: This cross sectional observational study was conduct between from July 2016 to December 2017. Total of 48 patients were divided into primary cutaneous vasculitis and systemic vasculitis. Blood was collected in EDTA tube to measure RDW value. Patient’s disease activity also scored and plotted according to Birmingham vasculitis activity score. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS.
Results: Significantly high mean RDW were found in patients with systemic vasculitis compared to primary cutaneous vasculitis (15.09±0.92 vs. 13.48±1.1, p = 0.000). BVAS was significantly greater (13.93±5.10 vs. 4.87±2.69, p = < 0.001) in systemic vasculitis as well as in patients with high RDW group (11.73±5.71 vs. 5.37±3.96, p = < 0.001). Optimal RDW cut off point for differentiating systemic vasculitis from cutaneous vasculitis was 14.2 with 81.3% sensitivity and 81.2% specificity.
Conclusion: Present study revealed importance of RDW monitoring along with disease activity in patients with any form of vasculitis. Systemic vasculitis had higher level of RDW. So RDW can be considered as a marker to discriminate systemic vasculitis from primary cutaneous vasculitis.
Medicine Today 2021 Vol.33(2): 84-89
ANALISIS RISIKO TRANSAKSI PEMBAYARAN PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Rainer Prakuso Tobing  , Ir. Tarcisius Sunaryo, MA, Ph.D  , Dr. Ir. Ketut Silvanita Mangani, MA  
Published: November 2021

ABSTRAKPerdagangan Internasional merupakan salah suatu sumber devisa bagi suatu negara, walapun banyak risiko yang bisa terjadi. Risiko yang ada mempunyai dinamika dan karakter tersendiri, yang harus selalu dicermati oleh Pelaku Ekspor - Impor, Per-bank-an, Pemerintah, dan pemangku kepentingan lainnya untuk selalu siap sedia menyiapkan langkah strategis mengantispasi risiko yang ada.
Perdagangan dunia memasuki pasar bebas, dimana disetiap negara para pelaku usaha mempunyai peluang untuk melakukan perdagangan. Pada era pasar bebas, banyak produk-produk yang bisa di ekspor maupun di impor untuk saling memenuhi kebutuhan pasar di masingmasing negara. Tetapi walaupun dikatakan pasar bebas, proses perdagangan tetap dalam kendali dan pengawasan negara, dan organisasi perdagangan dunia yang dibentuk untuk itu.
Pada setiap tindakan perdagangan, pasti akan ada transaksi pembayaran, dimana pembayaran suatu produk adalah hal yang utama dari suatu transaksi. Metode pembayaran menjadi acuan utama dalam suatu proses transaksi yang dapat dirumuskan dalam suatu Surat Perjanjian legal. Pada setiap penentuan metode transaksi pembayaran, pembuat kebijakan dalam hal ini pemerintah tidak bisa melakukan intervensi, karena kepakatan lebih menitik beratkan kepada keinginan para eksportir maupun importir
Para pelaku usaha ekspor impor akan saling menjajaki dan melakukan negosiasi untuk menentukan dan menyepakati serta mengikatkan dalam suatu perjanjianyang salah satu isi perjanjian akan menjelaskan metode pembayaran.
Para eksportir maupun importir akan sepakat dengan metode pembayaran yang dirasakan memiliki Risiko paling kecil.
Permasalahan ketika Seseorang atau Perusahaan/ Badan Usaha ingin melakukan Perdagangan International antaralain ;
 Menentukan Metode Pembayaran, karena pembeli/Buyer/ Importir dan Penjual/ Seller / Eksportir tidaksaling mengenal satu sama lain. Hukum, Peraturan, Bahasa, dan kebiasaan yang tidaksama. Hambatan Tarif/ Pajak. Politik dan Stabilitas di negara masing-masing. Mata uang pembayaran. Handling dan Transportasi.
 Importir perlu waktu untuk melakukan pembayaran. Sistem perbankan masing masing negara dalam prosespengiriman dana. Penjual menginginkan pembayaran yang tepat waktu
Karena terlalu banyaknya risiko yang harus diantisipasi oleh para pelaku ekspor impor, maka titik beratkan pembahasan dalam jurnal ini adalah risiko yang terjadi pada transaksi pembayaran.
Activation of the WNT-BMP-FGF Regulatory Network Induces the Onset of Cell Death in Anterior Mesodermal Cells to Establish the ANZ
Authors: Díaz-Hernández Martha Elena , Galván-Hernández Claudio Iván , Marín-Llera Jessica Cristina , Camargo-Sosa Karen , Bustamante Marcia , Wischin Sabina , Chimal-Monroy Jesús 
Published: November 2021

The spatiotemporal control of programmed cell death (PCD) plays a significant role in sculpting the limb. In the early avian limb bud, the anterior necrotic zone (ANZ) and the posterior necrotic zone are two cell death regions associated with digit number reduction. In this study, we evaluated the first events triggered by the FGF, BMP, and WNT signaling interactions to initiate cell death in the anterior margin of the limb to establish the ANZ. This study demonstrates that in a period of two to 8 h after the inhibition of WNT or FGF signaling or the activation of BMP signaling, cell death was induced in the anterior margin of the limb concomitantly with the regulation of Dkk, Fgf8, and Bmp4 expression. Comparing the gene expression profile between the ANZ and the undifferentiated zone at 22HH and 25HH and between the ANZ of 22HH and 25HH stages correlates with functional programs controlled by the regulatory network FGF, BMP, and WNT signaling in the anterior margin of the limb. This work provides novel insights to recognize a negative feedback loop between FGF8, BMP4, and DKK to control the onset of cell death in the anterior margin of the limb to the establishment of the ANZ.
GSDMD Mediates LPS-Induced Septic Myocardial Dysfunction by Regulating ROS-dependent NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation
Authors: Dai Shanshan , Ye Bozhi , Zhong Lingfeng , Chen Yanghao , Hong Guangliang , Zhao Guangju , Su Lan , Lu Zhongqiu 
Published: November 2021

Myocardial dysfunction is a serious consequence of sepsis and contributes to high mortality. Currently, the molecular mechanism of myocardial dysfunction induced by sepsis remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the role of gasdermin D (GSDMD) in cardiac dysfunction in septic mice and the underlying mechanism. C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) mice and age-matched Gsdmd-knockout (Gsdmd-/-) mice were intraperitoneally injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (10 mg/kg) to mimic sepsis. The results showed that GSDMD-NT, the functional fragment of GSDMD, was upregulated in the heart tissue of septic WT mice induced by LPS, which was accompanied by decreased cardiac function and myocardial injury, as shown by decreased ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) and increased cardiac troponin I (cTnI), creatine kinase isoenzymes MB (CK-MB), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Gsdmd-/- mice exhibited protection against LPS-induced myocardial dysfunction and had a higher survival rate. Gsdmd deficiency attenuated LPS-induced myocardial injury and cell death. Gsdmd deficiency prevented LPS-induced the increase of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in serum, as well as IL-1β and TNF-α mRNA levels in myocardium. In addition, LPS-mediated inflammatory cell infiltration into the myocardium was ameliorated and activation of NF-κB signaling pathway and the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLPR3) inflammasome were suppressed in Gsdmd-/- mice. Further research showed that in the myocardium of LPS-induced septic mice, GSDMD-NT enrichment in mitochondria led to mitochondrial dysfunction and reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction, which further regulated the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. In summary, our data suggest that GSDMD plays a vital role in the pathophysiology of LPS-induced myocardial dysfunction and may be a crucial target for the prevention and treatment of sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction.
The Application of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Systemic Hypertension: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Tan Wilson , Yao Xinwen , Le Thu-Thao , Tan Anna C. S. , Cheung Carol Y. , Chin Calvin Woon Loong , Schmetterer Leopold , Chua Jacqueline 
Published: November 2021

Objective: Multiple studies have compared various optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) parameters in participants with systemic hypertension vs. controls and have presented discordant findings. We conducted a meta-analysis to pool together data from different studies to generate an overall effect size and find out whether OCTA parameter(s) significantly differed in participants with systemic hypertension as compared to controls.Methods: We conducted a literature search through a search of electronic databases to identify studies before 19 June 2021, which compared OCTA parameters in non-diabetic participants with systemic hypertension vs. controls. If the OCTA parameter had a minimum number of 3 studies that analyzed it, the mean difference between participants with systemic hypertension and controls were analyzed using a random-effects model.Results: We identified 11 eligible studies. At the macula, 9 studies analyzed vessel density at the superficial capillary plexus (SVD), 7 analyzed vessel density at the deep capillary plexus (DVD), and 6 analyzed the area of the superficial foveal avascular zone (FAZ). Participants with systemic hypertension had significantly lower SVD (standardized mean difference [SMD], −0.50 [−0.70, −0.30], P &lt; 0.00001, I2 = 63%), lower DVD (SMD, −0.38 [−0.64, −0.13], P = 0.004, I2 = 67%) and larger superficial FAZ (SMD, 0.32 [0.04, 0.61], P = 0.020, I2 = 77%).Conclusion: The eyes of people with systemic hypertension have robustly lower superficial and deep vascular densities at the macula when compared to control eyes. Our results suggest that OCTA can provide information about pre-clinical microvascular changes from systemic hypertension.
Epigenetic Regulator KDM4D Restricts Tumorigenesis via Modulating SYVN1/HMGB1 Ubiquitination Axis in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Yao Wenjian , Wang Jianjun , Zhu Li , Jia Xiangbo , Xu Lei , Tian Xia , Hu Shuai , Wu Sen , Wei Li 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundIncreasing researches have been reported that epigenetic alterations play critical roles in ESCC development. However, the role of the histone demethylase KDM4D in ESCC tumorigenesis is poorly investigated. This study aims to discover the underlying mechanisms between KDM4D and ESCC progression.MethodsCCK-8 assays, clone formation assay and soft-agar assays were performed to assess cell proliferation. Transwell assay was utilized to assess cell migration efficiency, while sphere formation assay was used to evaluate the cell self-renewal ability. Bioinformatic analysis was conducted to identify prognostic factors and predict the potential E3 ubiquitin ligases. In vitro ubiquitination assay was conducted to confirm the regulations between SYVN1 and HMGB1. The mRNA levels or protein levels of genes were detected by real-time PCR and western blot analysis. In vivo tumor xenograft models were used to determine whether the HMGB1 inhibition affected the malignant features of ESCC cells.ResultEpigenome screening and low-throughput validations highlighted that KDM4D is a tumor suppressor in ESCC. KDM4D expressed lowly in tumors that predicts poor prognosis. KDM4D deficiency significantly enhanced tumor growth, migration and stemness. Mechanistically, KDM4D transcriptionally activates SYVN1 expressions via H3K9me3 demethylation at the promoter region, thereby triggering the ubiquitin-dependent degradation of HMGB1. Low KDM4D depended on accumulated HMGB1 to drive ESCC progression and aggressiveness. Targeting HMGB1 (Glycyrrhizin) could remarkably suppress ESCC tumor growth in vitro and in vivo, especially in KDM4D-deficient cells.ConclusionsWe systematically identified KDM4D/SYVN1/HMGB1 axis in ESCC progression, proving novel biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets.
Exploring Undergraduate Pharmacy Students Perspectives Towards Antibiotics Use, Antibiotic Resistance, and Antibiotic Stewardship Programs Along With the Pharmacy Teachers’ Perspectives: A Mixed-Methods Study From Pakistan
Authors: Khan Faiz Ullah , Khan Amjad , Shah Shahid , Hayat Khezar , Usman Abubakar , Khan Farman Ullah , Khan Zakir , Karataş Yusuf , Ahmad Tawseef , Chang Jie , Malik Usman Rashid , Khan Asad , Shukar Sundus , Kadirhaz Muhtar , Fang Yu 
Published: November 2021

Background: Antibiotic resistance (ABR) is one of the major issues around the globe. Timely education and awareness of pharmacy students regarding the appropriate use of antibiotics, ABR, and antimicrobial stewardships are required.Methods: The present study was first conducted in 12 (public and private sector) universities among undergraduate pharmacy students (UGPS) (n = 414) irrespective of their study year through a validated questionnaire, and the insights of pharmacy teachers were taken through in-depth semi-structured interviews in the second phase. For the quantitative data, different statistical methods were used, and data were presented in tabulated form, whereas inductive thematic interpretation was used to categorize themes and derive conclusions from qualitative evidence.Results: The majority of the students were males (n = 223, 54%) with the mean age group 19–23 years, and 20 faculty members were interviewed with a mean duration of 15 min. Students have good knowledge about antibiotics use and the majority purchased antibiotics through prescription (n = 277, 66.9%) during the last month and strongly agreed to stop unnecessary household storage (n = 183 44.2%). Most of the students have heard the terminologies related to antimicrobial resistance through social media while unaware (n = 104, 25.1%) of a Pakistan national action plan against AMR (antimicrobial resistance). Overall, respondents have a somewhat good understanding of the ABR. Regular use of antibiotics without consultation of a physician can lead to ABR and some wrong answers were observed (162, 39.1%; p &gt; 0.05). The majority of the students (n = 198, 47.8%) and teachers believe that the current pharmacy syllabus must be swiftly updated with the new subjects related to ABR and AMS (antimicrobial stewardship) in Pakistan. The UGPS have emphasized (n = 220, 53.1%; Median = 1, IQR = 2) establishing a link between academia and hospitals. The ABR issue has been highlighted by pharmacy faculty members, who have urged students to take practical efforts toward ABR and AMS knowledge.Conclusion: The UGPS knowledge related to ABR and AMS must be updated. Students at the undergraduate level must get training in order to encourage the sensible use of antibiotics. Courses on ABR and AMS should be included in present pharmacy curricula.
The “Torment” of Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis among Surgeons
Authors: Sartelli Massimo , Coccolini Federico , Carrieri Angeloantonio , Labricciosa Francesco M. , Cicuttin Enrico , Catena Fausto 
Published: November 2021

Surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) is one of the peri-operative measures for preventing surgical site infections (SSIs). Its goal is to counteract the proliferation of bacteria in the surgical site during intervention in order to reduce the risk of SSIs. SAP should be administered for surgical interventions where the benefit expected (prevention of SSIs) is higher compared to the risk (serious side effects, such as acute kidney injury, Clostridioides difficile infection, and the spread of antimicrobial resistance). In prescribing SAP, surgeons should have both the awareness necessary “to handle antibiotics with care”, and the knowledge required to use them appropriately.