bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kidney Biopsy Adequacy and Complications in Children – Does Technique Matter?
Authors: Pettit Chen , Kanagaratnam Roshana , Coughlan Finbarr , Graf Nicole , Hahn Deirdre , Durkan Anne M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Kidney biopsy is part of the diagnostic workup of many children with renal disease. Traditionally a perpendicular approach to the biopsy has been used but more recently some proceduralists have favoured a tangential approach. It is not clear if one technique is superior with regards to tissue adequacy or complication rates. In our centre interventional radiologists (IR) use general anaesthetic and a tangential approach whereas paediatric nephrologists (PN) use sedation and a perpendicular approach.
Methods
We examined consecutive kidney biopsies performed between January 2008 and December 2017 for adequacy (sufficient tissue for light and electron microscopy and immunofluorescence) and examined the electronic medical records for data regarding technique and complications.
Results
IR performed 72 (29.4%) of the 245 native kidney biopsies, obtaining more total glomeruli (median 39 vs 16, p<0.001) and more glomeruli per tissue core (median 13.2 vs 8.0, p<0.001) than PN. No differences in specimen adequacy were observed between the two groups (79.2% IR vs 80.9% PN, p=0.75) and a diagnosis could be made in 98.6% and 93.6% respectively (p=0.1). A statistically lower rate of peri-nephric haematoma (27.8% vs 41.6%, p=0.04) was detected in the IR group, but there were no significant differences in other complications. One patient required a blood transfusion (PN) and another required surgical intervention for a perinephric haematoma (IR).
Conclusion
IR obtained larger samples and number of glomeruli, but the overall adequacy for native kidney biopsies was good using both perpendicular and tangential techniques, with similar low rates of significant complications.
Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy with oXiris Filter May Not Be an Effective Resolution to Alleviate Cytokine Release Syndrome in non-AKI Patients with Severe and Critical COVID-19
Authors: kang kai , luo yunpeng , gao yang , zhang jiannan , wang changsong , fei dongsheng , yang wei , meng xianglin , ye ming , gao yan , liu haitao , du xue , ji yuanyuan , wei jieling , xie wanqiu , wang jun , Zhao Mingyan , Yu Kaijiang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIn this study, we aimed to determine whether continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) with oXiris filter may alleviate cytokine release syndrome (CRS) in non-AKI patients with severe and critical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).MethodsNon-AKI patients with severe and critical COVID-19 treated between February 14 and March 26, 2020 were included and randomly divided into intervention group and control group according to the random number table. Patients in the intervention group received CRRT with oXiris filter plus conventional treatment, while those in the control group only received conventional treatment. Demographic data were collected and collated at admission. During ICU hospitalization, the serum levels of cytokine and inflammatory chemokines, including IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, were measured daily to reflect the degree of CRS induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Clinical data, including white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil proportion (NEUT%), lymphocyte count (LYMPH), lymphocyte percentage (LYM%), platelet (PLT), C-reaction protein (CRP), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TB), albumin (ALB), serum creatinine (SCr), D-Dimer, fibrinogen (FIB), IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, number of hospital days and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score were obtained and collated from medical records during hospitalization, and then compared between the two groups.ResultsAge, and SCr significantly differed between the two groups. Besides the IL-2 level that was significantly lower on day 2 than that on day 1 in the intervention group, and the IL-6 levels that were significantly higher on day 1, and day 2 in the intervention group compared to the control group, similar to the IL-10 level on day 5, there were no significant differences between the groups.ConclusionCRRT with oXiris filter may not effectively alleviate CRS in non-AKI patients with severe and critical COVID-19. Thus, its application in these patients should be considered with caution to avoid increasing the unnecessary burden on society and individuals and making the already overwhelmed medical system even more strained (IRB number: IRB-AF/SC-04).
Linking individual differences in human V1 to perception around the visual field
Authors: Himmelberg Marc , Winawer Jonathan , Carrasco Marisa 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A central question in neuroscience is how the organization of cortical maps relates to perception, for which human primary visual cortex (V1) is an ideal model system. V1 nonuniformly samples the retinal image, with greater cortical magnification (surface area per degree of visual field) at the fovea than periphery, and at the horizontal than vertical meridian. Moreover, the size and organization of V1 differs greatly across individuals. Here, we used fMRI and psychophysics in the same individuals to quantify individual differences in V1 cortical magnification and perceptual contrast sensitivity at the four polar angle meridians. Across individuals, the overall size of V1 and localized cortical magnification both positively correlated with contrast sensitivity. Moreover, increases in cortical magnification and contrast sensitivity at the horizontal compared to the vertical meridian were strongly correlated. These data reveal a tight link between cortical anatomy and visual perception at the level of individual observer and stimulus location.
Long-Term Outcome of Microwave Ablation for Benign Thyroid Nodules: A 48-Month Follow-up Study
Authors: Du Jia-Rui , Li Wen-Hui , Quan Cheng-Hai , Teng Deng-Ke , Wang Hui 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose

The short-term effects of microwave ablation (MWA) in the treatment of benign thyroid nodules (BTNs) were satisfactory in previous studies. However, as a slowly progressing disease, the long-term efficacy of MWA for BTNs at present is not clear. Our study aim was to assess the long-term results of MWA for BTNs after a 48-month follow-up.
Methods

From June 2015 to September 2017, 148 patients had 148 BTNs lesions. All patients were from China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University. Careful ultrasound examinations were performed 1 day, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, and every 6 months after MWA. The volume, volume reduction rate (VRR) recurrence rate of the ablated area and thyroid function were recorded.
Results

The mean volume of the 148 nodules were 15.6±9.4 cm3 (range: 1.3-48.9 cm3) and 0.6±0.6 cm3 (range: 0-3.5 cm3) before and 48 months after MWA, respectively, for a nodule VRR of 96.9±2.5% (range: 90.4-100%). Two patients (1.35%) had recurrence after MWA. Compared with that before MWA, no significant variation in thyroid function was observed after MWA. Five patients experienced complications (3.38%): two patients (1.35%) had bleeding, two patients (1.35%) had ear pain and toothache during MWA, and one patient (0.68%) had hoarseness after MWA. No cases of oesophageal injury, tracheal injury, infection, skin burn, etc., were reported during or after MWA.
Conclusions

Over long-term follow-up, MWA is an effective method for treating BTNs and is expected to be a potential first-line treatment.
Research on the Novel Hardware Configuration Methods of the Contact R-test Based on the Constraint Models
Authors: Zhou Yongbing , Ding Guofu , Zhang Yuexinkai , Jiang Lei 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
R-test is widely used to measure the rotary axis error of five-axis machine tools due to its high accuracy and convenient. There are some deficiencies in the research on measurement performance optimization such as the customized design under certain requirements. The novel hardware configuration methods of the contact R-test are proposed in this paper to realize customization. Firstly, the theoretical measurement model and the calibration model are established to be used as the measurement accuracy evaluation model. Secondly, the influence of hardware parameters on the measurement performance indexes of the measurement system is analyzed and the corresponding constraint models for measurement performance are established. Thirdly, the optimal configuration methods of hardware parameters based on constraint models are proposed using exhaustive search method and variable parameter method respectively . Finally, a prototype that is configured with the hardware parameters based on the above configuration methods, is developed to calibrate on the Coordinate Measuring Machine(CMM) and complete the measurement performance evaluation. The evaluation results show that the hardware configuration methods meet the certain measurement requirements without range and precision waste. The proposed methods provide guidance and reference for the customized design of contact R-test.
Maximum Movement and Cumulative Movement (Travel) to Inform our Understanding of Secondary Spinal Cord Injury and its Application to Collar use in Self-extrication
Authors: Nutbeam Tim , Fenwick Rob , May Barbara , Stassen Willem , Smith Jason , Shippen James 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background:Motor vehicle collisions remain a common cause of spinal cord injury. Biomechanical studies of spinal movement often lack “real world” context and applicability. Additional data may enhance our understanding of the potential for secondary spinal cord injury. We propose the metric ‘travel’ (total movement) and suggest that our understanding of movement related risk of injury could be improved if travel was routinely reported. We report maximal movement and travel for collar application in vehicle and subsequent self-extrication.Methods:Biomechanical data on application of cervical collar with the volunteer sat in a vehicle were collected using Inertial Measurement Units on 6 healthy volunteers. Maximal movement and travel are reported. These data and a re-analysis of previously published work is used to demonstrate the utility of travel and maximal movement in the context of self-extrication.Results:Data from a total of 60 in-vehicle collar applications across three female and three male volunteers was successfully collected for analysis. The mean age across participants was 50.3 years (range 28–68) and the BMI was 27.7 (range 21.5–34.6). The mean maximal anterior-posterior movement associated with collar application was 2.3mm with a total AP travel of 4.9mm. Travel (total movement) for in-car application of collar and self-extrication was 9.5mm compared to 9.4mm travel for self-extrication without a collar. Conclusion:We have demonstrated the application of ‘travel’ in the context of self-extrication. Total travel is similar across self-extricating healthy volunteers with and without a collar.We suggest that where possible ‘travel’ is collected and reported in future biomechanical studies in this and related areas of research. It remains appropriate to apply a cervical collar to self-extricating casualties when the clinical target is that of movement minimisation.
Genomic, Biochemical, and Phylogenetic Evaluation of Bacteria Isolated From Deep-sea Sediment Harboring Methane Hydrates
Authors: Proenca Audrey Menegaz , Oliveira Maiara Monteiro , Neves Paula Fernanda Ribas , Giongo Adriana , de Oliveira Rafael Rodrigues , Marconatto Letícia , Neto Halesio Milton Correa de Barros , Ketzer João Marcelo Medina , Medina-Silva Renata 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Over half of the organic carbon on Earth’s surface is trapped in marine sediment as methane hydrates. Ocean warming causes hydrate dissociation and methane leakage to the water column, rendering the characterization of microbes from hydrate depositions a pressing matter. Through genomic, phylogenetic, and biochemical assays, we characterize the first microorganisms isolated from the Rio Grande Cone (Brazil), reservoir responsible for massive methane releases to the water column. From sediment harboring rich benthic communities, we obtained 43 strains of Brevibacillus sp., Paenibacillus sp. and groups of Bacillus sp. Methane-enriched samples yielded strains of the Pseudomonas fluorescens complex, exhibiting fluorescent siderophore production and broad multi-carbon catabolism. Genomic characterization of a novel Pseudomonas sp. strain indicated 32 genes not identified in the closest related type-species, including mercury resistance proteins. Our results provide phylogenetic and genomic insights on the first bacterial isolates retrieved from a poorly explored region of the South Atlantic Ocean.
Multiplex genomic recording of enhancer and signal transduction activities in mammalian cells
Authors: Shendure Jay , Chen Wei , Choi Junhong , Nathans Jenny , Agarwal Vikram , Martin Beth , Nichols Eva , Leith Anh , Lee Choli 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Measurements of gene expression and signal transduction activity are conventionally performed with methods that require either the destruction or live imaging of a biological sample within the timeframe of interest. Here we demonstrate an alternative paradigm, termed ENGRAM (ENhancer-driven Genomic Recording of transcriptional Activity in Multiplex), in which the activity and dynamics of multiple transcriptional reporters are stably recorded to DNA. ENGRAM is based on the prime editing-mediated insertion of signal- or enhancer-specific barcodes to a genomically encoded recording unit. We show how this strategy can be used to concurrently record the relative activity of at least hundreds of enhancers with high fidelity, sensitivity and reproducibility. Leveraging synthetic enhancers that are responsive to specific signal transduction pathways, we further demonstrate time- and concentration-dependent genomic recording of Wnt, NF-κB, and Tet-On activity. Finally, by coupling ENGRAM to sequential genome editing, we show how serially occurring molecular events can potentially be ordered. Looking forward, we envision that multiplex, ENGRAM-based recording of the strength, duration and order of enhancer and signal transduction activities has broad potential for application in functional genomics, developmental biology and neuroscience.
Neurosyphilis Presenting As Status Epilepticus, Successively Hemiparesis And Aphasia
Authors: Qi Yunwen , Jiang Zongze , Zhang Xiong , Xie Daixin , Cai Zhiyou 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Neurosyphilis can occur anytime and present with a myriad of symptoms. Lissauer form of General Paresis Insane (GPI) is rare. We can learn more about this form of GPI through this case report.Case Presentation: The patient presented as status epilepticus, successively as hemiparesis and aphasia, which may be considered as the Todd's paresis or stroke. By performing the reactive serum rapid plasma reagent test and cerebrospinal fluid analysis, as well as the brain MRI results, we made the diagnosis as Lissauer form of GPI. The patient was started on intravenous penicillin for a total of 14 days. After that, the patient appeared with marked clinical improvement. Cognitive ability was better than before. Conclusions: GPI typically has a progressive course and normally presents 10 to 30 years after the initial infection. The manifestations of this patient and his suspicious history of Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIA) may mislead to the diagnosis of Todd's paresis or stroke. The prevalence of syphilis is rising again in recent years. To date, there is no gold standard for the diagnosis of neurosyphilis. Early diagnosis is of great importance as effective penicillin therapy is available.
Advanced Glycation End Products Receptor DNA Methylation Is Associated with Immune Infiltration and Prognosis of Lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Yang Jun , Chen Xiaohui , Lin Mingqiang , Zhang Mengyan , Wang Zhiping , Wu Yahua , Yu Yilin , Zheng Qunhao , Li Jiancheng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Lung cancer has become the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide with a rising trend of incidence and mortality. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) account for the major numbers, which should be paid enough attention. Advanced glycation end products receptor (AGER) is a multi-ligand receptor that interacts with a wide range of ligands. Previous studies have shown that abnormal AGER expression is closely related to immune infiltration and tumorigenesis. Nevertheless, the AGER DNA methylation relationship between prognosis and infiltrating immune cells in LUAD and LUSC is still unclear. Results: Compared with the normal lung tissues, the expression level of AGER was significantly reduced in LUAD and LUSC. Low expression of AGER was markedly correlated with histology, stage, lymph node metastasis and Tumor protein 53 (TP53) mutation and could be used as a potential indicator of poor prognosis of LUAD and LUSC. Further analysis showed that copy number variation (CNV), mutation and DNA methylation involved in the low level of AGER. Additionally, we found that AGER DNA hypermethylation meant a worse prognosis in LUAD and LUSC. In addition, we also found that hypermethylated AGER was significantly correlated with tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. Conclusion: AGER may be a candidate for the prognostic biomarker of LUAD and LUSC related with tumor immune microenvironment.
Investigating a Self-Management Harm Reduction Strategy for Symptoms of Attention-Deficit Hyperactive Disorder, Nicotine Dependence, Alcohol use, and Drug Use
Authors: Connolly Ross D. , Hesson Jacqueline 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of the present research was to examine the mediating effect that self-management has on the relationships between ADHD symptoms and nicotine dependence, alcohol use, and drug use among an undergraduate student population.Method: Data were drawn from undergraduate psychology students (N=141). We tested self-management as a mediator between (1) ADHD symptoms and nicotine use, (2) ADHD symptoms and alcohol use, and (3) ADHD symptoms and drug use.Results: After controlling for potential socioeconomic covariates, self-management was shown to be a significant mediator between ADHD symptoms and drug use, but not nicotine dependence or alcohol use.Conclusion: We observed that self-management was a significant mediator between ADHD symptoms and drug use, which suggests that self-management may play a role in the relationship between ADHD symptoms and drug use. Those individuals who have symptoms associated with ADHD and who also have high levels of self-management are less likely to abuse substances. This research has provided an empirical foundation for the development of harm reduction interventions to address drug use among individuals with ADHD.
Temperature Dependent Current Transport Mechanism of Photopolymer Based Al/NOA60/p-Si MPS Device
Authors: Özden Şadan , Avcı Nejmettin , Pakma Osman , Kariper Afşin İshak 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A photopolymer based Al/NOA60/p-Si (metal-polymer-semiconductor) MPS device was fabricated and the current transport properties were investigated by using the forward bias current-voltage (I-V) characteristic in the temperature range of 80-300 K. The cross-sectional structure of polymer/semiconductor was revealed by the scanning electron microscope (SEM) image and it was seen that the NOA60 photopolymer was tidily coated on the p-Si surface. According to the I-V measurements at room temperature, the MPS device exhibits a good rectification ratio of 8140 at ±1V. Temperature-dependent I-V measurements (I-V-T) were analyzed on the basis of thermionic emission (TE) theory and an abnormal increase in zero-bias barrier height (BH) and a decrease in ideality factor (n) was observed with increasing temperature. Additionally, two different linear regions with distinct values from the theoretical value of the Richardson constant (A*) were observed in the conventional Richardson plot. Such deviations from ideal TE theory has been attributed to the effect of BH inhomogeneities. Gaussian distribution (GD) of BH model has applied the I-V-T results and double GD BH with mean values of 0.75±0.08 eV (80 – 140 K) and 1.02±0.11 eV (140 – 300 K) were calculated. Moreover, the A* value of 64.73 A/cm2K2 was calculated close to the known value of p-Si from the modified Richardson plot. Thus, it has been concluded that the current transport of the Al/NOA60/p-Si MPS device can be explained by TE with double GD BH model for a wide temperature region.
Blood flow modeling reveals improved collateral artery performance during the regenerative period in mammalian hearts
Authors: Anbazhakan Suhaas , Coronado Pamela Rios , Sy-Quia Ana Natalia , Seow Lek Wei , Hands Aubrey , Zhao Mingming , Dong Melody , Pfaller Martin , Raftrey Brian , Cook Christopher , Bernstein Daniel , Nieman Koen , Pasca Anca , Marsden Alison , Red-Horse Kristy 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Collateral arteries are a vessel subtype that bridges two artery branches, forming a natural bypass that can deliver blood flow downstream of an occlusion. These bridges in the human heart are associated with better outcomes during coronary artery disease. We recently found that their rapid development in neonates supports heart regeneration, while the non-regenerative adult heart displays slow and minimal collateralization. Thus, inducing robust collateral artery networks could serve as viable treatment for cardiac ischemia, but reaching this goal requires more knowledge on their developmental mechanisms and functional capabilities. Here, we use whole-organ imaging and 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling to identify the spatial architecture of and predict blood flow through collaterals in neonate and adult hearts. We found that neonate collaterals are more numerous, larger in diameter, and, even when similar in size/number, are predicted to more effectively re-perfuse an occluded coronary network when compared to adults. CFD analysis revealed that collaterals perform better in neonates because of decreased differential pressures along their coronary artery tree. Furthermore, testing of various collateral configurations indicated that larger, more proximal collaterals are more beneficial than many smaller ones, identifying a target architecture for therapeutic interventions. Morphometric analysis revealed how the coronary artery network expands during postnatal growth. Vessel diameters do not scale with cardiac muscle growth. Instead, the coronary tree expands solely by adding additional branches of a set length, a burst of which occurs during murine puberty. Finally, we compared mouse structural and functional data to human hearts. Surprisingly, fetal human hearts possessed a very large number of small, but mature, smooth muscle cell covered collaterals while angiogram data indicated adult patients with chronic coronary occlusions contained at least two. Comparing size ratios with modeled mouse data suggested low re-perfusion capabilities of the embryonic collaterals but higher functional benefits of those in diseased adults. Our unique interdisciplinary approach allowed us to quantify the functional significance of collateral arteries during heart regeneration and repair–a critical step towards realizing their therapeutic potential.