bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extemporaneous Compounding: A Possible Trigger Tool to Detect Potential
Health Incidents
Authors: de Carvalho Mastroianni Patrícia , Toma Marina Massae , de Freitas Santana Gabriel , de Nadai Tales Rubens , Varallo Fabiana Rossi , de Lima Benzi Jhohann Richard 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Extemporaneous compounding (EC) involves the preparation of a therapeutic
product for specific patient need. However, there is a potential relationship between this procedure
and the occurrence of health incidents (HI). The use of trigger tools increases HI identification.

Objective:
This study assessed the performance of EC as a trigger to detect potential health incidents
arising from this procedure.

Method:
A one-month observational and cross-sectional study was performed in internal
medicine ward and intensive care unit of medium-sized hospital. Data collection was carried out in
5 stages: all triggered patients with dysphagia or enteral feeding tube with prescription of EC were
included; EC executed in prescribed standardized drugs was observed; the procedure was compared
with the hospital guide and scientific literature; HI monitoring and their evaluation using
WHO and NCC MERP algorithms; a search for pharmaceutical alternatives (PA) that would avoid
the observed EC.

Results:
197 patients were recruited. Almost half of them were triggered by EC from 84 standardized
drugs. 48 patients met the inclusion criteria. 28 adverse drug reactions, 01 therapeutic ineffectiveness,
and 29 medication errors were identified. EC as a trigger tool showed a PPV value of
0.38. Only 24 drugs have PA available in the market, which could avoid one third of all observed
EC.

Conclusion:
It was possible to detect potentially HI in one of two patients with enteral feeding
tubes using EC as a trigger tool. The use of EC as a trigger tool contributes to identifying potential
HI arising from drugs, which have not gotten pharmaceutical alternatives to be administered via enteral
feeding tube.
Lipoxygenase Inhibitory Activity of Some Extracts Prepared from
Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimumv L.)
Authors: Jandali Raghad , Agha Mohammad Isam Hasan 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Lignans are biologically important phenolic compounds that exist in different
levels of various plants; yet, flaxseed is one of the richest sources of such compounds. Lipoxygenase
enzymes are associated with many inflammatory-related diseases such as arthritis, allergic
asthma, psoriasis, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, skin diseases, and neuropsychiatric disorders,
as in Alzheimer's disease. Not only are these enzymes involved in many types of cancers, but
they are also very crucial to find new LOX inhibitors to treat human diseases such as cancer or cardiovascular
disease. Screening for lipoxygenase inhibitory activities of flaxseeds lignans extracts in
various methods is reported in this work.

Methods:
Extracts of samples of flaxseeds (Linum usitatissmum) were prepared using the following
methods: a- extraction with continuous stirring with 80% ethanol, b- extraction with a mixture
of equal volumes of diethyl ether and ethyl acetate after direct acid hydrolysis, c- Extraction with
50% ethanol followed by alkaline hydrolysis. Total flavonoids, total phenolic of these extracts
were compared. The scavenging potential of free radicals was determined using the DPPH method.
The inhibitory potential against the lipoxygenase enzyme was determined by using the soybean
lipoxygenase enzyme.

Results:
The highest phenolic content was in the extract prepared with ethanol 80% with continuous
stirring, with phenolic content of (126.848 mg GAE /g). While the highest flavonoid was content
in the extract prepared with a mixture of equal volumes of diethyl ether and ethyl acetate after
direct acid hydrolysis, with flavonoid content reached (7.8 mg QE / g). Moreover, the scavenging
potential of free radicals expressed in terms of IC50 (μg/ml) showed extraction with a mixture of
equal volumes of diethyl ether and ethyl acetate after direct acid hydrolysis exhibited higher antioxidant
capacity (IC50=22.257±0.095 μg/ml) followed by 80% ethanol extract. The median inhibitory
concentration (IC50) was calculated according to the LOX enzyme inhibitory method. The IC50
value of a mixture of equal volumes of diethyl ether and ethyl acetate after direct acid hydrolysis
extract of flaxseeds is 73.689±0.585 μg/ml.

Conclusion:
The mixture of equal volumes of diethyl ether and ethyl acetate extract after direct
acid hydrolysis gives stronger scavenging potential of free radicals and lipoxygenase inhibitory effects
than the other extracts in this study. Therefore, according to the results we got in our study,
flaxseed extracts can be a potential source of novel therapeutics to treat many diseases related to
the LOX enzyme.
Research on the Influence of Temperature on the Performance of
Induction Motor
Authors: Zhang Wenzhong , Liu Ziyang , Zhao Qiang , Qiu Hongbo 
Published: October 2021

Background: :
Induction motor plays a major role in various industries, and its importance
is increasing. Due to the environmental temperature or sealed working environment, heat generation
is generally severe. The heat exchange with the outside environment does not take place smoothly,
and the motor temperature increases. The performance of the induction motor is also significantly
influenced by the temperature. Therefore, it is necessary to study the influence of temperature on the
performance of induction motor.

Objective:
This study aimed to analyse the influence of temperature on induction motor. At different
temperatures, variation in performance parameters has been observed.

Methods:
Taking an 11 kW 1500r/min induction motor as an example, a two-dimensional transient
electromagnetic field model was established, and the correctness of the model was verified by experiments.
The motor starting performance, various losses and efficiencies under different temperatures
wereestimated.

Results :
As the stator and rotor resistance increased, the starting current decreased by 11.99% when
the internal temperature rose from 25°C to 150°C. When the internal temperature rose from 25°C to
150°C, the stator copper loss increased by 32.83%, and the rotor copper loss increased by 28.79%.
However, the core loss of the motor increased by 3W, and the motor efficiency decreased by 2.12%.

Conclusion:
When the temperature is different, the starting torque of the motor is almost unchanged,
and the starting current decreases with an increase in temperature. The stator copper loss
and rotor copper loss of the motor increase with the increase in temperature, while the core loss is
almost unchanged. In addition, the efficiency of the motor gradually decreases with the increase in
temperature.
The Effect of Life Kinetik Training Models to Improve Self-Confidence in Team and Individuals Athletes
Authors: Komarudin Komarudin , Mulyana Boyke , Novian Geraldi 
Published: October 2021

Introduction:
Athletes are known to have confidence in individual abilities. Meanwhile, athletes that lack self-confidence often doubt their ability to perform at best. To increase self-confidence, it is necessary to train with the right model such as Life Kinetik training.

Objectives:
This study aims to examine the effect and differences in Life Kinetik and conventional training model to improve self-confidence in the team and individual athletes.

Methods:
This was an experimental study conducted using the “pre-posttest control group design.” The athlete’s confidence was tested pre and post-training treatments. Meanwhile, the study population, involving male athletes (mean age 17.4 ± 1.65 years), was from one of the state universities in Indonesia. Thirty-four tested athletes actively trained and competed in team sports, while thirty-two athletes engaged in an individual sport. Moreover, subjects were divided into two groups through random assignment, namely experimental and control groups. The experimental group used the Life Kinetik training model for eleven sessions, twice a week whereas, the control group utilized a conventional training model. Besides, data analysis was carried out using the t-test and MANOVA with SPSS version 24 for Windows.

Results:
The results showed that the Life Kinetik and conventional training model significantly increased self-confidence in the team and individual athletes. Furthermore, there were differences in the effect of the Life Kinetik and conventional training model on increasing the athlete's confidence in the team and individual sports.

Conclusion:
Based on the results, the Life Kinetik and conventional training models improve athletes' confidence. Meanwhile, there were differences in the effect of the Life Kinetik and conventional training models on increasing the athlete's confidence in the team and individual sports. The Life Kinetik training model is more effective compared to the conventional model. Therefore, the Life Kinetik training model can be recommended to train the self-confidence of athletes.
High-Occupancy Vehicle Lane Enforcement System
Authors: Jang Jinhwan 
Published: October 2021

Introduction:
An automatic High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lane enforcement system is developed and evaluated. Current manual enforcement practices by the police bring about safety concerns and unnecessary traffic delays. Only vehicles with more than five passengers are permitted to use HOV lanes on freeways in Korea. Hence, detecting the number of passengers in HOVs is a core element for their development.

Methods:
For a quick detection capability, a YOLO-based passenger detection model was built. The system comprises three infrared cameras: two are for compartment detection and the other is for number plate recognition. Multiple infrared illuminations with the same frequency as the cameras and laser sensors for vehicle detection and speed measurement are also employed.

Results:
The performance of the developed system is evaluated with real-world data collected on proving ground. As a result, it showed a passenger detection error of nine percent on average. The performances revealed no difference in vehicle speeds and the number of passengers according to ANOVA tests.

Conclusion:
Using the developed system, more efficient and safer HOV lane enforcement practices can be made.
Features of functional reserves of the cardiovascular system in cadets of the maritime university in conditions of long-term navigation
Authors: Gudkov A. B. , Shcherbina F. A. , Popov O. N. , Chashchin V. P. 
Published: October 2021

Aim: to reveal the features of cardiovascular system functional reserves in naval cadets under the conditions of a long voyage.Materials and methods. 70 cadets undergoing training and sailing practice for 165 days on Sedov training and sailing ship were studied. Cardiovascular system reserves were determined once a month indices before taking over the watch. The results were elaborated using the SPSS program, v 17.0 (IBM).Results and their discussion. On the first, second, and third months of the voyage, the naval cadets retained the functional reserves of the cardiovascular system, which is indicated by the typical normotonic reaction in its activity in response to physical activity.On the fourth and fifth, the cadets showed signs of a decrease in the reserves of the cardiovascular system, which is manifested by a slower recovery after standard physical activity, a decrease in the inotropic reserve index and an increase in the chronotropic reserve index.
Relationship between psychovegetative status dysfunction and markers of the early formation of the atherosclerotic process in flight personnel in the Far North
Authors: Zakrevsky Yu. N. , Gertsev A. V. , Boutikov V. P. , Manuilov V. M. 
Published: October 2021

The aim of this work is studying the influence of the severity of dysfunctions on the part of the central and autonomic nervous systems on the atherosclerotic process in hypertension in flight crews with concomitant traditional factors of cardiovascular risk (abdominal obesity) serving in the Far North by the authors.Materials and methods. A clinical examination was carried out on 54 patients (men) aged from 33 to 42 years, from among the military personnel of the aviation personnel of the Northern Fleet naval aviation, the average age of the examined was 37.4±4.6 years. The following groups of patients were formed: 1st (n=26) — flight crew specialists serving in the Far North, with first degree abdominal obesity, first stage hypertension and moderate astheno-neurotic disorders (main group); 2nd (n=14) — flight crew specialists serving in the Far North, with first degree abdominal obesity, first stage hypertension in comorbidity with mild astheno-neurotic disorders; Group 3 (n=10) was represented by flight crew patients with the first stage of hypertension with initial manifestations of psychovegetative dysfunctions (control). We assessed the qualitative and quantitative paired correlations between the state of the psychological status, regulation of the neuropsychic adaptation system, markers of early formation of atherosclerosis, and indicators of the average daily blood pressure level.Results and their discussion. It was found that the severity of disorders of the asthenovegetative spectrum in the examined groups has a negative direct pathological effect on quantitative and qualitative paired correlations between indicators characterizing the state of psychophysiological status, markers of early formation of the atherosclerotic process, and values of average daily blood pressure monitoring. The results obtained make it possible to summarize that the more pronounced the disturbances in the functioning of the central and autonomic nervous systems in hypertension in persons from the flight crew, the more significant the shifts towards atherogenicity of indicators reflecting the activity of the atherosclerotic process and the more unfavorable outcome in the course of cardiovascular pathology in such patients.
Study of renal function indices to determine hypoxic hypoxia resistance in divers
Authors: Zverev D. P. , Myasnikov A. A. , Shitov A. Yu. , Andrusenko A. N. , Chernov V. I. , Klenkov I. R. , Israfilov Z. M. 
Published: October 2021

Aim: using oral stress kidney tests to reveal changes in renal function and water-electrolyte metabolism in divers with different initial resistance to hypoxic hypoxia.Materials and methods. 44 men were studied. All subjects were evaluated for their initial resistance to hypoxic hypoxia. Oral renal stress tests were performed to determine the status of kidney function.Results and their discussion. For the selection of divers, it is necessary to carry out oral stress tests with water, 10% potassium chloride solution and 7.5% calcium lactate solution. In divers with low and medium resistance to hypoxic hypoxia, there is a deterioration in the calcium and potassium uretic function of the kidneys after oral stress renal tests. The method for determining the resistance of divers to hypoxic hypoxia should be supplemented by the regularity developed by us.
Characteristics of the weather and climatic conditions of the Arctic zone of the Krasnoyarsk Territory by bioclimatic indices
Authors: Rakhmanov R. S. , Bogomolov E. S. , Narutdinov D. A. , Razgulin S. A. , Ashina M. V. 
Published: October 2021

Aim. Assess the health risk of a cold environment by bioclimatic indices characterizing weather and climatic conditions in the Arctic zone of the Krasnoyarsk Territory.Materials and methods. The mean monthly daily ambient temperature, wind speed and relative air humidity were determined. The body cooling conditions integral index (BCCII) and the wind-cold index (WCI) were calculated.Results and their discussion. Using the BCCII from 4 to 6 months a year at Cape Chelyuskin, the critical risk of frostbite in exposed areas of the body determined at Dixon Island from 4 to 5 months a year; in July and August, the indicator values reached the lower border of the “moderate risk”. Using the WCI, an uncomfortable cold environment was determined, respectively, 2 months and 4 months, a very cold — 3 months and 2 months, and an extremely cold — 3 months and 2 months.Conclusion. The advantage of using BCCII rather than WCI is shown, since on its basis the criteria for safe working conditions in an open area are determined. To interpret the value of “no risk” while using WCI, it is necessary to know the period of the year, in which the weather and climatic conditions are assessed as a cold environment.
Experience in conducting a special tactical exercise of the forces and means of the Ministry of emergency situations of Russia with a massive influx of victims of an emergency of a biological and social nature (terrorist act)
Authors: Aleksanin S. S. , Rybnikov V. Yu. , Nesterenko N. V. 
Published: October 2021

Aim. To summarize the experience of conducting special tactical exercises of the forces and means of the EMERCOM of Russia in the event of a massive admission of victims of an emergency of a biological and social nature (terrorist act) to a multidisciplinary hospital and an airmobile hospital of the EMERCOM of Russia.Materials and methods. The normative documents and experience in response of the EMERCOM of Russia during the training period with a massive influx of victims were analyzed.Results and their analysis. The results of special tactical exercises, the experience of the deployment and actions of the forces and means of the EMERCOM of Russia during the mass admission of victims of a terrorist act to a multidisciplinary hospital and an airmobile hospital of the EMERCOM of Russia are presented. For evacuating 50 victims, ambulance aircraft (MI-8 helicopter), ambulances and cars were used. The exercise was attended by over 300 people, including observers and participants in the exercise, victims.Conclusion. The data obtained are an important basis for maintaining the readiness of the forces and means of the Russian Emergencies Ministry to respond to emergencies.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Combined Oral Contraceptives, and the Risk of Dysglycemia: A Population-Based Cohort Study With a Nested Pharmacoepidemiological Case-Control Study
Authors: Kumarendran Balachandran , O'Reilly Michael W. , Subramanian Anuradhaa , Šumilo Dana , Toulis Konstantinos , Gokhale Krishna M. , Wijeratne Chandrika N. , Coomarasamy Arri , Tahrani Abd A. , Azoulay Laurent , Arlt Wiebke , Nirantharakumar Krishnarajah 
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE
Irregular menstrual cycles are associated with increased cardiovascular mortality. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by androgen excess and irregular menses; androgens are drivers of increased metabolic risk in women with PCOS. Combined oral contraceptive pills (COCPs) are used in PCOS both for cycle regulation and to reduce the biologically active androgen fraction. We examined COCP use and risk of dysglycemia (prediabetes and type 2 diabetes) in women with PCOS.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Using a large U.K. primary care database (The Health Improvement Network [THIN]; 3.7 million patients from 787 practices), we carried out a retrospective population-based cohort study to determine dysglycemia risk (64,051 women with PCOS and 123,545 matched control subjects), as well as a nested pharmacoepidemiological case-control study to investigate COCP use in relation to dysglycemia risk (2,407 women with PCOS with [case subjects] and without [control subjects] a diagnosis of dysglycemia during follow-up). Cox models were used to estimate the unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratio, and conditional logistic regression was used to obtain adjusted odds ratios (aORs).

RESULTS
The adjusted hazard ratio for dysglycemia in women with PCOS was 1.87 (95% CI 1.78–1.97, P &lt; 0.001; adjustment for age, social deprivation, BMI, ethnicity, and smoking), with increased rates of dysglycemia in all BMI subgroups. Women with PCOS and COCP use had a reduced dysglycemia risk (aOR 0.72, 95% CI 0.59–0.87).

CONCLUSIONS
In this study, limited by its retrospective nature and the use of routinely collected electronic general practice record data, which does not allow for exclusion of the impact of prescription-by-indication bias, women with PCOS exposed to COCPs had a reduced risk of dysglycemia across all BMI subgroups. Future prospective studies should be considered for further understanding of these observations and potential causality.
Effect of physical therapy on impairments in COVID-19 patients from intensive care to home rehabilitation: A rapid review
Authors: Debeuf Ruben , Swinnen Eva , Plattiau Tine , De Smedt Ann , De Waele Elisabeth , Roggeman Stijn , Schiltz Marc , Beckwée David , De Keersmaecker Emma 
Published: October 2021

Objective: Guidelines regarding physical therapy for COVID-19 patients are often based on expert opinion. Recent clinical trials have reported effects on several rehabilitation outcomes in COVID-19 patients. This review summarizes the effects of physical therapy in COVID-19 patients.
Data sources: PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases were systematically searched for studies investigating the effect of any physical therapy modality on impairments in adult COVID-19 patients. Included studies were (non)-randomized controlled trials, pre-experimental studies, and cohort studies in which a pre–post analysis was performed.
Data extraction: After the screening process, data of interest were extracted from eligible studies and their risk of bias was assessed. Included outcome measures were divided into 3 groups: pulmonary function, physical function, and psychosocial function.
Data synthesis: A total of 15 studies were included in this review. Physical therapy seems to have positive effects on pulmonary function, physical function, and psychosocial function. However, these effects differ between clinical settings (e.g. home care, intensive care unit, inpatient units). Due to the low-to-moderate quality of the included studies, no robust conclusions can be drawn.
Conclusion: Further high-quality research is required, taking into account the different clinical settings, in order to draw conclusions about the effectiveness of physical therapy on impairments in COVID-19 patients.

Lay Abstract
Guidelines regarding physical therapy for COVID-19 patients are often based on expert opinion or on evidence from studies of physical therapy in patients with other diseases. More and more clinical studies are investigat-ing the effect of physical therapy on the recovery of COVID-19 patients. Prior to this review, the importance of physical therapy for COVID-19 patients was not clear. This review summarizes the effects of physical therapy in COVID-19 patients. We reviewed and assessed the quality of the existing literature on this topic. Fifteen studies with a total of 1,341 COVID-19 patients were included in this review. Physical therapy appears to improve lung function, physical function, and psychosocial func-tion in COVID-19 patients. However, the effect can differ between clinical settings; for example, home care, intensive care unit, or other inpatient units. Due to the low-to-moderate quality of the included studies, no robust conclusion can be drawn. Further high-quality research is needed, taking into account the different clinical settings.