bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Moisture and Temperature on the Thermal Properties of Jack Bean Seeds (Canavalia ensiformis)
Authors: Hussein Jelili , Oke Moruf Olanrewaju , Oriola Kazeem Olaniyi , Ajetunmobi Abimbola 
Published: December 2021

The thermal properties (specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity, and thermal diffusivity) of jack bean seed (Canavalia ensiformis) were determined for usage in designing the equipment necessary for thermal processes. These thermal properties were determined at 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 % moisture contents (wb) and temperatures at 30, 40, and 50oC using the KD2 Pro thermal analyzer. Results showed that the specific heat capacity ranged from 1.55 to 2.47 kJ/kgK, 1.26 to 1.84 kJ/kgK and 1.32 to 1.99 kJ/kgK; thermal conductivity 0.21 to 0.47 W/mK, 0.34 to 0.52 W/mK, and 0.26 to 0.60 W/mK and thermal diffusivity 0.25 to 0.41 x 10-7 m²/s, 0.32 to 0.57 x 10-7 m²/s, and 0.32 to 0.60 x 10-7 m²/s at 30, 40, and 50°C respectively for the moisture ranges studied. The temperature and moisture content effect were not significant (p>0.05) with specific heat and thermal diffusivity but significant (p<0.05) with thermal conductivity in third-order polynomial. A non-linear relationship was established between the three thermal properties and moisture content within the studied temperature range. The resulting regression models for the thermal properties gave a high coefficient of determinations (R2 ≥ 0.7995) which implies that they can be used to describe the relationships between temperature, moisture, and thermal properties of jack bean seeds.
Financial Analysis of Country Bean in Narsingdi District of Bangladesh
Authors: Taslim A. , Rahman M. S. , Karim M. R. , Sumon M. M. H. 
Published: December 2021

Aims: This study is an attempt to examine the profitability, problems and probable solutions of country bean production in Belabo upazila of Narsingdi district of Bangladesh.
Study Design: Financial calculation of the cost and return were done to the evaluation process. Besides the problems and solutions of bean cultivation were also analyzed.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in Belabo upazila of Narsingdi district of Bangladesh from November 2019 to April 2020.
Methodology: A convenience sampling technique was selected to meet the objectives. One hundred and twenty five country bean growers were chosen from the study area. An interview schedule was prepared for collecting necessary data from the participants. The schedule contained questions about the socioeconomic characteristics of farmers, different costs associated with production, different problems faced by them during production and their probable suggestions to overcome those problems. Standard financial techniques were used to evaluate costs and returns. Descriptive statistics were used to describe socio-demographic characteristics, farming information, problems during the production process and rank of suggestions.
Results: The study found that the total cost of bean cultivation was found in Bangladeshi Taka (BDT) 163866.35 per ha, net return was BDT 60850.28 per ha and benefit cost ratio was 1.37. The study found low price, lack of scientific knowledge in farming, transportation problems and poor storage facilities as major constraints. Besides, the farmers mentioned that they need proper training, reduction in price risk, credit support, cold storage facilities and transportation facilities.
Conclusion: The study showed that per hectare yield, gross returns, gross margin, net return and benefit cost ratio of bean were higher. Therefore, bean production is highly profitable and it would help to improve the socio-economic condition of farmers in Narsingdi district. Besides, the study identified several problems faced by the bean growers and possible solutions to overcome those constraints were proposed.
A Study of Various Constraints Regarding Credit Utilization in Jaunpur District of Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Athar Mantasha , Kumar Sanjay , Zeb Ilma 
Published: December 2021

Background: Credit is the crucial input for the economic development of the farmers as it helps in increased production through use of modern inputs. The study was carried out to examine the various constraints faced by the different groups of farmers in the Jaunpur district in regards to credit utilization.
Aims: To study the various constraints regarding credit utilization and credit acquisition by the borrowers
Place and Duration of Study: Jaunpur district of Uttar Pradesh, between year 2020 and 2021.
Methodology: A total of 120 respondents were selected randomly from the Karanzakala block of Jaunpur district, Uttar Pradesh and a pre-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data from the farmers. Respondents were classified into two categories and 60 respondents from borrowers and 60 from non-borrowers were selected for study purpose
Results: It is revealed by the Garrett scores that maximum number of borrowers with 71.61 mean score reported that hectic documentation as main problem faced in acquiring the credit.
Conclusion: From the findings of the study, it has been stated that there was a high level of constraints associated with access to credit. Highly responded constraints for bank credit were hectic documentation (71.61 mean score), repayment period not being sufficient (68.25 mean score) and Insufficient loan amount (60.25 mean score) were the major constraints. Due to having these constraints, farmers faced a lot of troubles to get credit which hindered agricultural activities, increased cost of credit, led to selling of agricultural crops at low prices.
Predicting Factors among Healthy Lifestyle Beliefs, Behaviors and Mental Health Indicators in Taiwanese Adolescents
Authors: Chan Shu-Min , Melnyk Bernadette Mazurek , Chen Angela Chia-Chen 
Published: December 2021

Aims: The prevalence of overweight adolescents in Taiwan has dramatically increased in recent years. A survey shows that 66.6% of adolescents do not get the recommended amount of vegetables and fruit (i.e., two portions of fruit and three portions of vegetables per day each week). The purpose of this study was to explore relationships between individual understanding of activity and nutrition, healthy lifestyle beliefs, perceived difficulty of efficacy in reaching health goals, mental health variables, and healthy lifestyle behavior on BMI in Taiwanese adolescents.
Study Design: This is a theoretically-based and cross-sectional research study.
Place and Duration of Study: Data were conducted from two middle schools in Taiwan between Sep 2011 to November 2011.
Methodology: We used a convenience sampling to recruit 453 adolescents with a mean age of 13.42 years. The instruments used were demographics, Beck Youth Inventory II (Depression, Anxiety, Self-concept), Healthy Lifestyle Belief Scale, Healthy Lifestyle Behavior Scale, Perceived Difficulty Scale, Nutrition and Activity Knowledge Scales. We conducted path analysis to test our theoretical model by using Mplus 5.21.
Results: Fit indices included χ2 (23, 453) =33.75, P= .05, CFI=.98, and RMSEA=.03, indicating that the model fit the model well. Healthy lifestyle beliefs had a significant positive effect on healthy lifestyle behaviors (β= .41, P= .01). Moreover, there was a significant negative relationship between perceived difficulty and healthy lifestyle behaviors (β= -.54, P= .01).
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that promoting positive beliefs about healthy lifestyle among adolescents may facilitate healthy lifestyle changes and help them perceive less difficulty in maintaining a healthy lifestyle. School nurses and health professionals in Taiwan need to coordinate essential resources and implement theoretical-based educational program that address issues on increasing adolescents’ healthy lifestyle beliefs.
Clinical Trial of the Canary System for Proximal Caries Detection: A Comparative Study
Authors: Jan Janja , Bakar Wan Zaripah Wan , Mathews Sapna M. , Uzamere E. , O. Okoye Linda , T. Amaechi Bennett 
Published: December 2021

Background: Detecting initial caries on the proximal surfaces of teeth in an intact dentition is a problem in dental practice since radiograph has been shown to have poor sensitivity with this stage of caries lesions. Hence there is need for an alternative technology.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of the Canary System (CS) to detect proximal caries in a clinical setting, comparing it with bitewing radiography (BWR).
Methodology: 33 subjects, age 18 years and above, were recruited from a mixed population of low, moderate, and high caries risk patients. BWR and the CS were used to detect proximal caries lesions in these subjects. Teeth were separated by 48 hours insertion of rubber rings, and the proximal surfaces were examined by direct visual examination using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System II (ICDAS-II) scoring system. The Sensitivity (se), specificity (sp), positive (ppv) and negative predictive (npv) values of the CS and BWR in detecting caries on proximal surfaces were calculated by evaluating each method alone against ICDAS-II system (used as bronze standard). The two methods were compared statistically using their Area Under the Receiver Operating Curve (AUC). The sensitivities and specificities were compared using a test of proportions and AUC values were compared using DeLong’s method of nonparametric testing of AUC values.
Results: The se, sp, ppv and npv for the CS are 0.92, 0.78, 0.89, 0.84 respectively, and for BWR are 0.67, 0.54, 0.78, and 0.40 respectively. The AUC of the Canary System (0.77) was statistically significantly higher than the AUC of the radiography (0.53, P < .001).
Conclusions: This study demonstrated the efficacy of the Canary System in detecting proximal caries lesions to be greater than that of bitewing radiography.
Clinical Significance: The Canary System can be a valuable clinical device for detecting and monitoring proximal caries lesions in clinical practice.
Plant Growth Promotion and Biocontrol Properties of Aneurinibacillus migulanus Isolated from Maize Roots (Zea mays)
Authors: Asogwa Lynda Kelvin , C. Ogbo Frank 
Published: December 2021

Aims: To isolate Plant Growth Promoting Bacillus strain from maize roots, to evaluate its biocontrol potentials and to characterize the isolate using16S rRNA sequencing.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Applied Microbiology and Brewing, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, between February 2019 and March 2020.
Methodology: The isolation of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) from maize roots was done using Pikovskaya (PVK) agar. Quantitative determination of phosphate was carried out using PVK broth. Evaluations of other plant growth promoting properties were carried out such as IAA, etc. Fusarium and Enterobacter plant pathogens were isolated from diseased maize plants. The in vitro antagonism effects of the PGPR isolates against the pathogens were analyzed using the dual culture plate technique. The pot experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design. Plant characteristics such as plant height, shoot and root weight, chlorophyll content, as well as disease assessment were recorded accordingly. The organisms were identified using phenotypic and molecular methods.
Results: Seven PGPR bacteria were isolated from maize (Zea mays) roots using PVK agar. Aneurinibacillus migulanus gave the highest solubilization index of 4.21 while isolate IS48 gave the lowest solubilization index of 1.47. A. migulanus produced IAA, ammonia and cellulase enzyme but no hydrogen cyanide. The organism showed antagonism activity against the two tested phytopathogens. In the pot experiment, A. migulanus treated plants showed a statistically insignificant difference in maize plant height at P=0.05 but gave significant increases in shoot and root wet weights. The organism offered 83.33% and 71.43% protection against Enterobacter and Fusarium pathogens respectively in the pot experiment.
Conclusion: A. migulanus solubilized phosphate in addition to other plant growth promoting properties. It showed biocontrol potentials both in vitro and in vivo and thus can be used as substitute for synthetic agrochemicals.
Correlation of Chronic Back Pain and Hyperuricemia, Our Hospital Experience
Authors: Ahmed Atif , Kalhoro Muhammad Amjad , Aamer Nasrullah , Kumar Kuldeep , Das Sant , Keerio Niaz Hussain , Noor Syed Shahid 
Published: December 2021

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of hyperuricemia in individuals with chronic low back pain.
Methodology: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study performed between January 2021 to June 2021 in Medicine department of Bilawal Medical College LUMHS Jamshoro Pakistan. Patients between the age of 18 to 65 years have been investigated. Data was collected using a designed questionnaire. X-rays and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the lumbosacral spine were used to evaluate any discrepancies associated with low back pain. The levels of uric acid in the blood were measured and documented.
Results: Out of 88 patients with chronic low back pain, 22 (25%) reported hyperuricemia. There was no significant difference in uric acid levels between men and women (P>0.05). We observed that 86.36 %t (n=19) patients with elevated serum uric acid levels also experienced joint pain. Further radiological examination revealed lumbar disc prolapse in 72.7 % (n=16). We found that in 95.45% of the patients, disc space narrowing was present.
Conclusion: Regardless of gender, one in four people with low back pain had hyperuricemia. Patients with low back pain have varying occupational and co-morbidities. Hypouricemia appears to be associated with lumbar disc prolapse and lumbar vertebral joint space constriction. This reveals that hyperuricemia aggravates degenerative spondylolisthesis.
Assessing the Chemosensitizing Effect of Neferine on Cisplatin-Resistant Colorectal Cancer Cells through Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Bharath S. , Gopinath S. , Surovi S. , Padma V. Vijaya 
Published: December 2021

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second deadliest diseases next to lung cancer. Cisplatin is the first generation platinum based alkylating agent using for treatment of advance CRC patients. Continuous usages of cisplatin lead to resistance which limits its therapeutic efficacy. Recent research is focused on studying the chemotherapeutic efficacy of the phytochemicals as they are less toxic compared to the conventional chemotherapeutic drugs. Neferine is a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid extracted from the embryo of Nelumbo nucifera. The anticancer and chemosensitizing effect of neferine has been well reported in several cancer cells. However, there are no reports on the chemosensitizing effect of neferine on cisplatin-resistant colorectal cancer cells (CRCs). Hence, the present study aims at identification of target proteins responsible for cisplatin-resistance in colorectal cancer cells. The present investigation elucidates the specific interaction of neferine with various cell surface receptor proteins related to cisplatin-resistance, multi-drug resistance (MDR) proteins, signal transduction protein and transcription factors via molecular docking approach. The interaction between neferine and the target proteins of cisplatin-resistant colorectal cancer was analyzed through Schrodinger Maestro 11.9 module. From our docking studies we could suggest that neferine is most active for insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R), fibroblast growth factor receptor-2 (FGFR2), zinc finger protein SNAI1 (SNAIL1), signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) and transforming growth factor beta receptor-1 (TGFβR1) when sorted according to their docking score.
Hyperacute Gullain Barre Syndrome (GBS); The Catastrophic Variant- A Rare Case Report
Authors: Acharya Sourya , Andhale Amol , Shukla Samarth , Sagar V. V. S. S. , Kumar Sunil 
Published: December 2021

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) also known as acute demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP) is an immunologically mediated rare neurological disorder. The basic pathogenic mechanism is regulated by molecular mimicry. Usually there is a history of preceding infection which occurs some weeks before the attack. The infections are gastroenteritis or upper respiratory. The clinical spectrum of ranges from mild weakness to devastating paralysis including respiratory failure. Majority of the cases recover but a few continue to have residual neurodeficit. The usual clinical course of GBS from the starting of weakness to development of maximum neurologic progression usually progresses over 4 weeks. Hyperacute GBS is a term used when the progression of weakness occurs within hours to days to maximum neurologic impairment. In this case report we present a 28 year old female who developed rapidly progressive, areflexic quadriparesis with respiratory muscle involvement requiring mechanical ventilatory support within nine hours. Clinical , laboratory and nerve conduction studies suggested a diagnosis of GBS.
Computer Engineering Complete Dentures Workflow: Systematic Techniques Review
Authors: Moaleem Mohammed M. Al , Al-layl Omaima A. , Alhomood Manar A. , Ageeli Walaa A. , Qsadi Alzhouor A. , Mohammed Tahani I. M. , Baraqt Emtinan S. , Zubayni Bashayr M. A. , Alalmaie Nada I. , Huraysi Ahmed H. M. 
Published: December 2021

Background: The progress in the use of computer-aided design/computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) to fabricat removable prosthodontic prostheses in dental clinics has been exponential. Commercially existing CAD/CAM denture techniques grow every year with increasing benefits to dentists and patients.
Study Design: Systematic review.
Aims: This review assessed and evaluated the different clinical production protocols of presently accessible CAD/CAM denture systems that offer decision support for dental practitioners.
Methodology: Data for the current object were collected by surveys from different companies manufacturing the Computer Engineering Complete Denture (CECDs). All related subjects published at the last 10 years were collected and included in this review. Techniques were arranged in alphabetical order, as follows. AvaDent Digital Dentures (Global Dental Science), Baltic Denture Creator System (Merz Dental GmbH), and Ceramill Full Denture System (Amann Girrbach AG) can manufacture denture fabrication in three visits, including a try-in step. DENTCA Digital Dentures (Whole You Nexteeth, Inc) can also perform this in three visits. The Wieland Digital Denture (Ivoclar Vivadent, Inc) can manufacture in four dental appointments. Recently developed VITA VIONIC Digital System (VITA Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany) can perform two-step CECD manufacturing.
Results: Most of the systems involved subtractive manufacturing for the fabrication of their dentures and only closed systems. However, Baltic Denture System and VITA VIONIC material types are an open structure that allow users to choose among different handling protocols. It can be shared with several unclosed digital scanner, CAD software options, and milling machines.
Conclusions: The six existing CECD fabrication systems offer many advantages. The decision on which technique to use may be contingent on the dentist’s prosthodontic expertise, patient output amount, and requirements concerning denture individualization.
Report of Antibiotic Resistance in Urban and Rural Wastewaters from West Bengal, India
Authors: Singh Meesha , Karmakar Rupsha , Ganguli Sayak , Ghosh Mahashweta Mitra 
Published: December 2021

Aims: This study aims at comparative identification of antibiotic resistance patterns in bacteria isolated from samples collected from rural environment (LS) and urban environments (SS). Metagenomic profiling gave us insights into the microbial abundance of the two samples. This study focused on culture-based methods for complete identification of antibiotic resistant isolates and estimation of comparative antibiotic resistance among the two samples.
Study Design: Untreated medical waste and anthropogenic waste disposal can lead to the propagation of different antibiotic resistant strains in wastewater environments both in urban and rural set ups which provide an insight towards this study approach mentioned in the methodology segment.
Place and Duration of Study: Sewer system of a medical facility located in Purulia, India was the collection site for liquid sludge. Solid sludge and associated wastewater were collected in vicinity of a large urban medical facility from central Kolkata, India.
Methodology: Physico-chemical properties were analyzed followed by microbiological and biochemical characterization. The antibiotic resistance patterns were determined by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion assay. Potent multidrug resistant isolates were identified using 16srRNA gene amplification followed by Phylogenetic profiling, using CLC Genomics workbench.
Results: We observed maximum resistance in an E. coli isolate which was resistant up to 22 antibiotics. Combined data for resistance from urban and rural samples were found to exhibit 83.9% resistance to beta lactams, 85.7% to macrolides, 44.2% to fluoroquinolones, 50% to glycopeptides and cephalosporins, 35.7 % to carbapenems and sulfonamides, 28.5 % to tetracycline, and 23.8 % to aminoglycosides.
Conclusion: The high prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria harbouring diverse resistance traits across samples indicated towards probable horizontal gene transfer across environmental niches. This study can prove to be useful to understand and map the patterns of resistance and stringently apply the counter measures related to public health practices.
Wound healing and Metabolite Profiling in Collagen-Chitosan Biomaterial-treated Chronic Wounds of Hansen’s Disease Patients
Authors: Babu Pombala Suresh , Srinivasan Harini , Dhandapani B. Sai , Rose C. 
Published: December 2021

Aims: Impaired wound healing causes chronic ulcers in Hansen’s disease (HD) patients which are an unrecognized clinical manifestation and requires utmost care and attention for wound management. Collagen and chitosan biopolymers when synergistically combined produce a biologically active biomaterial for wound dressings. Hence, the aim was to prepare a collagen/chitosan (COL/CS) composite and characterize for wound healing potential in HD patients.
Place and Duration of Study: CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Sardar Patel Road, Adyar, Chennai 600021, Southern Railway Headquarters Hospital, Constable Road, Ayanavaram, Chennai 600023, and Gremaltes Hospital, India between June 2013 and July 2020.
Methodology: The HD wounds were measured by Planimetry in square cm and were also assessed for morphological structure of epidermis and collagen fiber arrangement by High Resolution- Scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM). Proton Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) for metabolite identification was studied in blood plasma samples of unwounded, untreated and treated HD patients
Results: Size D (wound size on day of discharge) of the wounds were appreciably lower than Size 0 (wound size before biomaterial treatment) demonstrating efficient wound healing by the biomaterial. The morphological structure of the HD wounds showed healthy epidermal layer and thick fibers of collagen matrix in the treated wounds when compared to the controls. Key metabolites of metabolic pathways such as TCA cycle, creatine cycle and protein metabolism were identified by 1H-NMR spectroscopy
Conclusion: The COL/CS wound dressing is a promising biomaterial for management of chronic wounds in Hansen’s disease.