bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ПРОГРАМНО-АПАРАТНИЙ КОМПЛЕКС ДІАГНОСТИКИ ЕКСПІРАТОРНИХ ПРОБ ДЛЯ ВИЯВЛЕННЯ ОНКОЛОГІЧНИХ ЗАХВОРЮВАНЬ
Authors: Якимчук В. , Зубчук В. , Носовець О. 
Published: July 2021

Проаналізовано тенденції розвитку методів і засобів ранньої діагностики онкологічних захворювань. Показано, що успіх лікування онкохворих великою мірою залежить від своєчасного виявлення цієї патології. Оскільки онкологічні захворювання виявляються у все більшої кількості населення і не лише на території України, але й за її межами. Наукові дослідники з усього світу намагаються розробити та віднайти метод діагностики, який на етапі появи онкоклітин сигналізуватиме про необхідність обширного медичного огляду. Обґрунтовано необхідність створення скринінгових систем, що забезпечують експрес-діагностику патологій для реалізації масових профілактичних обстежень. Запропоновано, у якості датчиків, використовувати набір селективних газоаналізаторів амперметричного типу, що мають достатню чутливість і не вимагають витратних матеріалів для їх відновлення. Розроблено програмно-апаратний комплекс для аналізу експіраторних проб пацієнтів на основі сенсорів O2, NH3, CO2, NO, NO2, H2S, HF. Приведено результати обстеження групи хворих раком легень та контрольної групи (умовно здорових). Проаналізовано статистику результатів вимірів концентрацій газових компонентів у видиху обстежуваних, яка підтвердила можливість виявлення раку легень на основі хімічного аналізу експіраторних проб. До статистичних результатів включено сім записів від електрохімічних сенсорів, стать, вік, вага, наявність симптомів або інших хронічних захворювань обстежуваного. За результатами проведеного дослідження встановлено три основних хімічних елемента, які сигналізують про наявність ракових клітин в організмі пацієнта. Завдяки цьому стало можливим далі розвивати запропонований метод та підбирати інші хімічні елементи, які можуть вказувати на наявність онкоклітин у людини. Таким чином, є підстави стверджувати про актуальність підбору хімічних компонентів, які є в експіраторному повітрі людини, для виявлення інших захворювань, таких як цукровий діабет, цироз печінки, серцево-судинні захворювання тощо.
Ключові слова: онкологія, електронний ніс, селективні газові сенсори, статистичний аналіз, профілактика раку
Abordagem educacional no ensino da EPT: Uma análise do filme “sociedade dos poetas mortos”
Authors: Vieira Irisneth , Rocha Kleiton , Cunha Renata 
Published: July 2021

Resumo: Esta resenha é fruto de uma atividade proposta pela disciplina Teorias e práticas de ensino e aprendizagem contemplada em um curso de Mestrado do IFPI. O referencial teórico é pautado, prioritariamente, em Mizukami (1986). O objetivo é analisar o filme “Sociedade dos Poetas Mortos”, à luz dos pressupostos teóricos da disciplina, e para isso a investigação resume-se a fazer uma breve explanação sobre as abordagens de ensino, refletir a cerca das abordagens de ensino utilizadas pela escola e pelos professores, e estabelecer relações com a EPT. Quanto à metodologia, foi realizada uma revisão de literatura com foco na abordagem tradicional, comportamentalista, cognitivista, humanista e sociocultural que embasaram a análise do filme. A partir deste estudo percebeu-se que a abordagem cognitivista, humanista e sociocultural são as que apresentam uma relação mais estreita com a EPT, no entanto ainda é insipiente a utilização destas abordagens na prática docente.
Palavras-chave: PROFEPT; abordagens de ensino; filme.
Early Versus Late Use of Dexamethasone in Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19: A Multicenter, Cohort Study
Authors: Sulaiman Khalid Al , Juhani Ohoud Al , Korayem Ghazwa B. , Eljaaly Khalid , Alhubaishi Alaa , Harbi Omar Al , Badreldin Hisham A. , Yousif Ghada Al , Vishwakarma Ramesh , Altebainawi Ali F. , Albelwi Shorouq , Almutairi Rahaf , Almousa Maha , Alghamdi Razan , Alharbi Aisha , Algarni Rahmah , Akhani Nada , Harthi Abdullah Al , Alissa Abdulrahman , Homaid Sarah Al , Qahtani Khawla Al , Atassi Abdulaleam Al , Ghamdi Ghassan Al 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Rationale: It is unclear whether the timing of dexamethasone initiation is associated with positive outcomes. Objectives: To evaluate the appropriate timing of systemic dexamethasone initiation in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Methods: A multicenter, non-interventional cohort study including adults with COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) received systemic dexamethasone between March 2020 and January 2021. Patients were divided into two groups based on the timing for dexamethasone use (early vs. late). Early use is defined as the new initiation of dexamethasone within 24 hours of ICU admission. Propensity score matching was used based on the patient’s SOFA score, MV within 24 hours of ICU admission, proning status, and tocilizumab use during ICU stay. Results: A total of 480 patients were included in the study; dexamethasone was initiated early within 24 hours of ICU admission in 367 patients. Among 202 patients matched using propensity score, 101 had received dexamethasone after 24 hours of ICU admission (1:1 ratio). The 30-day mortality (OR [95%CI]: 1.82[1.04, 3.19], P=0.04) and in-hospital mortality (OR [95%CI]: 1.80[1.03, 3.15], P=0.04) were higher in the late group. Among the non-mechanically ventilated patients, late use of dexamethasone was associated with higher odds of developing respiratory failure that required MV (OR [95%CI]: 3.8 [1.41, 10.3], P=0.008). Conclusion: Early use of dexamethasone within 24 hours of ICU admission in critically ill patients with COVID-19 was associated with mortality benefits. Moreover, dexamethasone's early use might be considered a proactive measure in non-mechanically ventilated critically ill patients with COVID-19, to prevent further complications.
A Non-conventional Approach to Understanding the Geographical Influence on the Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and IFR
Authors: Ketipearachchi Udaya 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is not well understood and different models are needed (i.e. one model cannot answer it all) to understand and fight this disease. Mathematical modelling is a powerful tool for understanding transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and evaluating possible events or scenarios. Here, we present two models based on indirect transmission of SARSCoV-2 that explain the influence of ambient temperature and air pollution on outdoor and indoor behavior of SARS-CoV-2. These models discuss the temperature dependency of the lethality of SARS-CoV-2 and its spread during indoor and outdoor exposure. Furthermore, the temperature effect on the half-life of SARS-CoV-2 is discussed if the SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted via particulate matter or surfaces. It is also important to understand the role of dew point instead of the humidity factor alone as the combined effect of temperature and humidity might play a major role in the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 .
A 5-Year Review of 1220 Malignant Periocular Tumours in an English County
Authors: Lin Zhiheng , Sheikh Umair , Igali Laszlo , Hemmant Bridget 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
PURPOSE: To determine the incidence, proportion and location of periocular tumours in an English county over a five year period, and compare to other studies in the UK and worldwide.METHODS: A retrospective review of histopathology reports was performed for all periocular excision biopsy of malignancies from the county’s three main hospitals over a 5-year period. These hospitals cover a population of just over one million. Tumours were classified according to type and location. RESULTS:1220 lesions were included in this study. Right-sided lesions were more common than left. The incidence of basal cell carcinoma was 22 per 100,000 and squamous cell carcinoma 1.3 per 100,000, which were found most commonly on the lower eyelid and eyebrow respectively. The incidence of all other types of lesions was less than 0.5 per 100,000 per year. CONCLUSION:The incidence of periocular basal cell carcinomas in the predominantly elderly Caucasian population was at least three times the published national average. The high incidence of periocular tumours in this East of England county is set to increase further as the proportion of over 65 year olds in the population is set to nearly double within two decades.
Hybrid waves consisting of the solitons, breathers and lumps for a (2+1)-dimensional extended shallow water wave equation
Authors: Deng Gao-Fu , Gao Yi-Tian , Yu Xin , Ding Cui-Cui , Jia Ting-Ting , Li Liu-Qing 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Shallow water waves are studied for the applications in hydraulic engineering and environmental engineering. In this paper, a (2+1)-dimensional extended shallow water wave equation is investigated. Hybrid solutions consisting of H -soliton, M -breather and J -lump solutions have been constructed via the modified Pfaffian technique, where H , M and J are the positive integers. One-breather solutions with a real function ϕ ( y ) are derived, where y is the scaled space variable, we notice that ϕ ( y ) influences the shapes of the background planes. Discussions on the hybrid waves consisting of one breather and one soliton indicate that the one breather is not affected by one soliton after interaction. One-lump solutions with ϕ ( y ) are obtained with the condition, where k 1 R and k 1 I are the real constants, we notice that the one lump consists of two low valleys and one high peak, as well as the amplitude and velocity keep invariant during its propagation. Hybrid waves consisting of the one lump and one soliton imply that the shape of the one soliton becomes periodic when ϕ ( y ) is changed from a linear function to a periodic function.
Impacts of Regional Development on Emissions in China's Transport Sector
Authors: Wu Yiwen , Yuan Rong , Pan Yuchen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In recent years, China has repeatedly stated that CO2 emissions should reach a peak by 2030 and be carbon neutral by 2060. China’s transport sector is playing an important role in meeting China’s targets, as the emissions of CO2 from it grow steadily. We apply the LMDI to analyze the impact of regional development patterns on emissions in China’s transport sector. Based on the Kaya identity, eight factors (including carbon intensity, energy structure, energy intensity, turnover intensity, traffic intensity, regional structure, per capita traffic activity and population size) are decomposed. The period 1997–2017 is divided into four phases according to the growth rate of carbon emissions. The driving factors of CO2 emission characteristic were varied by periods. The degree of driving factors’ influence also varies by region. The change in output growth rate of the regional transport sector is positively correlated with the change in the share of output value added, which is positively correlated with the change in emissions.
Synthesis, Vibrational Spectroscopy and Optical Study of Bi-Tetrabutylphosphonium Hexachlorostannate
Authors: Mbarek I. , Gzaiel M. Ben , Oueslati A. , Gargouri M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The single crystals of bi-tetrabutylphosphonium hexachlorostannate were grown by solvent evaporated method and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and optical study. The X-ray powder diffraction indicates that it was crystallized in the monoclinic system, with C2/c space group. Besides, temperature-controlled X-ray diffraction show that the [P(C4H9)4]2SnCl6 compound indicate the presence of two phase transitions detected at 388 and 403 K. The evolution of Raman line shifts, “ν”, and the half-width, “Δν”, versus temperature show some singularities associated with the transitions, suggesting the important role of the anionic parts ((SnCl6)2-). Besides, the results of the Raman study confirms the conclusion drawn from the X-ray powder diffraction measurements that the phase transition are located near 388K and 403K.Furthermore, an optical absorption measurement confirms the semiconductor nature with a band gap equal to 3.46eV.
­Stochastic Time Series Prediction Equation Using Wavelet Packets for Iran
Authors: Rahimi Habib , Tanircan G. , Shahvar Mohammad 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this study, a stochastic simulation model proposed by Yamamoto and Baker (2013), is applied to Iranian strong motion database which comprises more than 3828 recordings for a time period between 1975–2018. Each ground motion is decomposed into wavelet packets. Amplitudes of wavelet packets are divided into two groups and for each group model parameters are estimated using the maximum likelihood method. Regression coefficients are then obtained relating model parameters to seismic characteristics such as earthquake magnitude, distance, and site condition. Inter-event residuals of coefficients and correlation of total residuals of those parameters are also calculated. To reconstruct the amplitudes in time domain and do the simulation, inverse wavelet packet transform is used. Finally, a validation test is performed. The comparison of ground motion intensity measures for recorded and simulated time series shows an acceptable conformity in the application. The estimated parameters using the simulated data are in good agreement with the real data, indicating the acceptable validity of the estimated stochastic simulation model. Obtained regression equations can be used to generate ground motions for the future earthquake scenarios in Iran.
Stroke Side Identification in the Brain by Retinal Image Analysis
Authors: Zhuo Yuanyuan , Lin Jiaye , Yang Zhuoxin , Yu Haibo , Huang Xingxian , Lee Jack , Zee Benny , Wu Jiaman 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose To establish a prediction model for stroke side identification.Methods A total of 168 patients (89 left-sided stroke patients and 79 right-sided stroke patients) were recruited from the Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in the study. Retinal characteristics were analyzed using an automated retinal image analysis (ARIA) system. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify and develop predictive models. Results Each unit increase in the right eye bifurcation coefficient of arterioles increased the risk of right-side stroke by 7.523 times (95% CI, 1.823-31.044). Additionally, an elevated bifurcation coefficient of venules in the right eye also increased the risk of stroke in the right side of the brain, with an odds ratio (OR) of 7.377 (95% CI, 1.771-30.724). A complex retinal composite score was also associated with a higher risk of right-side stroke (OR, 4.955; 95% CI, 3.061-8.022). Conclusion This study demonstrated that retinal image analysis can provide useful information for stroke side identification and the specific retinal characteristics may help in predicting stroke occurrence.
Pharmacophore-based Virtual Screening From Phytocannabinoids for Anti-obesity Activity
Authors: Correia Lenir C. , Ferreira Jaderson V. , Lima Henrique B. , Silva Guilherme M. , Silva Carlos H. T. P. da , Molfetta Fábio A. , Hage-Melim Lorane Izabel da Silva 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Search for new pharmacological alternatives for obesity is based on the design and development of compounds that can aid in weight loss so that they can be used safely and effectively over a long period while maintaining their function. The endocannabinoid system is related to obesity by increasing orexigenic signals and reducing satiety signals. Cannabis sativa is a medicinal plant of polypharmaceutical potential that has been widely studied for various medicinal purposes. The in silico evaluation of their natural cannabinoids (also called phytocannabinoids) for anti-obesity purpose stems from the existence of synthetic cannabinoid compounds that have already presented this result, but which did not guarantee patient safety. In order to find new molecules from C. sativa phytocannabinoids, with the potential to interact with the pharmacological target cannabinoid receptor 1, a pharmacophore-based virtual screening was performed, including the evaluation of physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, toxicological predictions and molecular docking. The results obtained from the ZINC12 database pointed to Zinc 69 (ZINC33053402) and Zinc 70 (ZINC19084698) molecules as promising anti-obesity agents. Molecular Dynamics (MD) studies discloses that both complexes were stable by analyzing the RMSD (Root Mean Square Deviation) values, and the binding free energy values demonstrate that the selected structures can interact and inhibit their catalytic activity.
Caries Inhibition With Co2-laser During Orthodontic Treatment a Study Protocol for a Randomized Split-mouth Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Shindova Maria , Belcheva Ani 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
IntroductionWhite spot lesions associated with orthodontic treatment are a common problem. Recent studies reported increased resistance to acid demineralization of enamel after sub-ablative CO2-laser irradiation in a combination with fluoride application. The aim of the study is to assess the efficacy of CO2-laser in combination with a fluoride varnish in the prevention, severity and extent of white spot lesions during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances.Methods and analysisThis is a protocol for a randomized, split-mouth controlled, clinical trial. The participants will be children aged 12-18 years at high caries risk, requiring fixed orthodontic treatment. The vestibular surfaces of maxillary anterior teeth of eligible patients will be exposed to CO2-laser irradiation in combination with fluoride therapy and fluoride therapy alone followed by bonding of orthodontic brackets. The patients will be recalled 6 and 12 months post-irradiation. Outcome measures will be visual examination with International Caries Detection and Assessment System criteria and SoproLife fluorescence. Data will be analyzed by Student t-test for paired samples and proportional odds logistic regression model, p˂0.05.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol has been approved by the Committee for Scientific Research Ethics, Medical University-Plovdiv, Bulgaria (Reference number P-605/27.03.2020,Protocol of approval No. 2/01.04.2021) and registered on a publicly accessible database. This research received institutional funding from the Medical University–Plovdiv, Bulgaria. The results will be presented through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (Registration number: NCT04903275).
Estimation and Comparative Analysis of Daily Reference Evapotranspiration Based on Different Input Combinations and Different Models
Authors: Niu Chaojie , Li Xiang , Liu Chengshuai , Soomro Shan-e-hyder , Hu Caihong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Daily reference evapotranspiration (ET0) is the most crucial link in estimating crop water demand. In this study, Levenberg-Marquardt (L-M), Genetic Algorithm-Back Propagation (GA-BP) and Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) models were introduced to calculate the ET0 values, Based on the Pearson Correlation analysis method, five meteorological factors were obtained, which were combined into six different input scenarios. Compared with the values that calculated by the the Penman Monteith (PM) formula. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE), and Scatter Index (SI) were used to evaluate the simulation performance of the models. The results showed that the simulation effect of the L-M model is better than that of the GA-BP model and PLSR model in all scenarios. PLSR model has the worst performance. The SI index of L-M6 was 46.69% lower than that of GA-BP6 and 65.78% lower than that of PLSR6. When the input factors are 3, the simulation effect of the input wind speed, the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature is the best. L-M model and GA-BP model can predict the ET0 in the region with a lack of meteorological data. This study provides an important reference for high-precision prediction of ET0 under different input combinations of meteorological factors.
Phytochemicals, Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents and Radical Scavenging Activities of Crotalaria Retusa, Clerodendrum Volubile Leaf Extracts and Biogas Slurry of Cassava Peels
Authors: Olaniyan Oluwaseyi , Ajayi Ebenezer , Oladele Oluwaseun , Adenrele Simeon , Oladele Johnson , Molehin Olorunfemi , Afolabi-Balogun Bola , Akinde Babatunde , Oloyede Omotade 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Well established are the destructive effects of cellular oxidative damage due to oxidative stress on animal and human health. The prophylactic use of plant-derived bioactive agents in the amelioration and treatment of chronic diseases induced by free radical and oxidative stress is a promising therapeutic approach. This present study investigates the phytochemical constituents, in vitro antioxidant and free radical scavenging abilities of Crotalaria retusa leaves, Clerodendrum volubile leaves and cassava biogas slurry. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extracts were also determined. The phytochemicals, phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant potentials of the extracts, including reducing power, inhibition of hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical production, and DPPH radical scavenging, were performed using standard assays. Our results show terpenoids, saponins, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids and tannins in the various extracts. In vitro, antioxidant assay results also reveal that the extracts' free radical scavenging abilities are significantly high compared with standard antioxidants used: tannic and ascorbic acids. The results also show that the extracts demonstrated elevated antioxidant activities positively correlated with the total flavonoid and phenolic contents. This work demonstrated that the extracts possessed significant antioxidant activities over standard ones, thus, suggesting the extracts as sources of natural antioxidants that could have considerable therapeutic relevance in preventing and inhibiting the progression of diseases associated with oxidative stress.
Cognitive Decline, Sensory Impairment, and The Use of Audio-Visual Aids by Long-Term Care Facility Residents
Authors: KWAN Rick Yiu Cho , KWAN Chi Wai , KOR Patrick Pui Kin , Chi Iris 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAudio-visual impairments and the use of sensory aids are associated with cognitive decline in community-dwelling older people, but effects in long-term care settings are unclear. We hypothesize that visual and hearing impairment are associated with cognitive decline and these relationships are mediated by the use of visual and hearing aids.MethodsA secondary data analysis of a longitudinal study was conducted in the 7 government-subsidized long-term care facilities (LTCF) operated by one of the largest non-governmental organizations in Hong Kong using data between 2005 and 2016. Eligible residents were ≥60 years of age without severe cognitive impairment at baseline who had stayed in the facilities for more than three years. All variables were measured by using the Minimum Data Set-Resident Assessment Instrument Version 2.0, Hong Kong version. The outcome was cognitive decline. Predictors were visual and hearing impairments. Mediators were use of visual and hearing aids. General linear models were employed to test the hypotheses.ResultsResults for 2,233 residents were analyzed, with the mean age of 82.1±8.2 years and the mean follow-up period of 4.4±0.8 years. Results showed that those who had visual impairment (p=0.004) and hearing impairments (p=0.022) had a higher risk of cognitive decline. Using hearing aids (coefficient=0.0186, p<0.05) positively mediates the effect of hearing impairment on cognitive decline. Using visual aids (coefficient=-0.0881, p<0.05) negatively mediates the effects of visual impairment on cognitive decline. ConclusionIn long-term care settings, hearing and visual impairments are associated with higher risk of cognitive decline. Hearing aids often-users are associated with higher risk of cognitive decline. LTCF residents with visual impairment did not use visual aids. Visual aids protects residents from cognitive decline.