bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Celebrating 75 Years of Wisconsin’s Northern Highland Fishery Research Area: The Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Sass Greg G , Shaw Stephanie L , Renik Kathryn M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
On June 20, 2021, the Northern Highland Fishery Research Area (NHFRA) celebrated its 75th anniversary of continuous fisheries population monitoring and compulsory angler creel census on five lakes in northern Wisconsin. In 1946, five lakes were designated as experimental fisheries research lakes and all anglers have been required to adhere to the compulsory creel census to record catch information. We review the history of the NHFRA, its role in evaluating experimental regulations, how data derived from the NHFRA were paramount in developing a critical Walleye Sander vitreus management plan for a joint tribal subsistence and recreational angling fishery, discuss the NHFRA as a training ground for early career fisheries professionals, and speculate on its future. By learning from the past and adapting to new challenges and emerging fisheries research needs, the NHFRA is poised to add to its 75-year legacy of research and training to inform science-based decision making and to prepare generations of new fisheries professionals. The 75-year history of the NHFRA exemplifies the importance of adaptation, long-term data, establishing sentinel lakes for observations of environmental change, field stations, and partnerships for successful fisheries management.
The Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta‐Analysis Consortium: 10 Years of Global Collaborations in Human Brain Mapping
Authors: Thompson Paul M. , Jahanshad Neda , Schmaal Lianne , Turner Jessica A. , Winkler Anderson M. , Thomopoulos Sophia I. , Egan Gary F. , Kochunov Peter 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis Special Issue of Human Brain Mapping is dedicated to a 10‐year anniversary of the Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta‐Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium. It reports updates from a broad range of international neuroimaging projects that pool data from around the world to answer fundamental questions in neuroscience. Since ENIGMA was formed in December 2009, the initiative grew into a worldwide effort with over 2,000 participating scientists from 45 countries, and over 50 working groups leading large‐scale studies of human brain disorders. Over the last decade, many lessons were learned on how best to pool brain data from diverse sources. Working groups were created to develop methods to analyze worldwide data from anatomical and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), resting state and task‐based functional MRI, electroencephalography (EEG), magnetoencephalography (MEG), and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The quest to understand genetic effects on human brain development and disease also led to analyses of brain scans on an unprecedented scale. Genetic roadmaps of the human cortex were created by researchers worldwide who collaborated to perform statistically well‐powered analyses of common and rare genetic variants on brain measures and rates of brain development and aging. Here, we summarize the 31 papers in this Special Issue, covering: (a) technical approaches to harmonize analysis of different types of brain imaging data, (b) reviews of the last decade of work by several of ENIGMA's clinical and technical working groups, and (c) new empirical papers reporting large‐scale international brain mapping analyses in patients with substance use disorders, schizophrenia, bipolar disorders, major depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, epilepsy, and stroke.
Mate preference and brain oscillations: Initial romantic attraction is associated with decreases in alpha‐ and lower beta‐band power
Authors: Yuan Guangjie , Liu Guangyuan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractInitial romantic attraction (IRA) refers to a series of positive reactions (such as feelings of exhilaration and compulsive thinking) toward desirable potential partners, usually at initial or early‐stage encounters when no close relationship has yet been established. After decades of effort, the evolutionary value and key characteristics of IRA are well understood. However, the brain mechanisms associated with IRA are unclear. To address this question, we simulated a mate selection platform similar to that of Tinder. When participants assessed their romantic interest in potential partners on the platform, their electroencephalogram (EEG) signals were recorded in real time. The behavioral data demonstrated that IRA to ideal potential partners mainly reflects the dimensions of arousal and domination. The main study finding was that processing of the individual preference faces that resulted in IRA was associated with a decrease in power in the alpha and lower beta bands over the posterior and anterior sensor clusters; this occurred between 870 and 2,000 ms post‐stimulus. Key findings regarding event‐related potentials (ERPs) sensitive to individual stimuli preferences were replicated. The results support the hypothesis that brain oscillations in the alpha and lower beta range may reflect modulation in cortical activity associated with individual mate preferences.
Cycle‐network expansion plan in Oslo: Modeling cost‐effectiveness analysis and health equity impact
Authors: Lamu Admassu N. , Norheim Ole F. , Gregersen Fredrik A. , Barra Mathias 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPhysical inactivity is the leading cause of non‐communicable diseases, and further research on the cost‐effectiveness of interventions that target inactivity is warranted. Socioeconomic status is vital in this process. We aim to evaluate the cost‐effectiveness of a cycle‐network expansion plan in Oslo compared to the status quo by income quintiles. We applied a Markov model using a public payer perspective. Health outcomes were measured by quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs) gained from the prevention of coronary heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, and cancer. We measured equity impact by the concentration index and social welfare using the achievement index. We conducted sensitivity analyses. The intervention was generally more costly and more effective than the status quo. Incremental cost per QALY falls with income quintile, ranging from $10,098 in the richest quintile to $23,053 per QALY gained in the poorest quintile. The base‐case intervention increased health inequality. However, a scenario targeting low‐income quintiles reduced inequality and increased social welfare. In conclusion, the cycle‐network expansion is likely to be cost‐effective, but with equity concerns. If decision makers care about health inequalities, the disadvantaged groups could be targeted to produce more equitable and socially desirable outcomes instead of a uniform intervention across income quintiles.
Mechanisms of pain and their manifestations in head and neck cancer: Importance of classifying pain subtypes
Authors: Lou Dianne I. , Dietrich Mary S. , Deng Jie , Murphy Barbara A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundPain is an under‐recognized complaint among head and neck cancer (HNC) survivors. Treatment is hindered by inadequate characterization of pain.MethodsA secondary analysis from a prospective, longitudinal study was conducted to characterize pain prevalence, quality, and functional consequences in 77 HNC patients. Pain and pain‐related outcomes were captured before treatment, at end‐of‐treatment, and 3, 6, 9 and 12 months post‐treatment.ResultsPain was most prevalent at end‐of‐treatment and declined over time. Chronicity of pain was established by 6 months post‐treatment. Oral mucosal neuropathic pain was the most common chronic pain subtype at 12 months post‐treatment. Widespread joint and muscle pain was also present at lower numbers. 40.2% of patients continued to require analgesics at 12 months.ConclusionPeripheral and central pain subtypes contribute significantly to chronic pain in HNC survivors. Preventive and treatment regimens should be tailored to specific pain subtypes for optimal symptom control.
MicroRNA‐206 enhances antitumor immunity by disrupting the communication between malignant hepatocytes and regulatory T cells in c‐Myc mice
Authors: Liu Ningning , Steer Clifford J. , Song Guisheng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background and Aims
Intertumoral accumulation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of HCC. Because of poor understanding of the immunosuppression mechanism(s) in HCC, immunotherapy is largely unsuccessful for the treatment of HCC.

Approach and Results
Hydrodynamic injection (HDI) of c‐Myc into mice resulted in enlarged spleens and lethal HCC associated with an increase in hepatic Tregs and depletion of CTLs (cytotoxic T lymphocytes). Malignant hepatocytes in c‐Myc mice overproduced TGFβ1, which enhanced the suppressor function of Tregs and impaired the proliferation and cytotoxicity of CTLs. In addition to activating TGFβ signaling, c‐Myc synergized with Yin Yang 1 to impair microRNA‐206 (miR‐206) biogenesis. HDI of miR‐206 fully prevented HCC and the associated enlargement of the spleen, whereas 100% of control mice died from HCC within 5‐9 weeks postinjection. Mechanistically, by directly targeting errant kirsten ras oncogene (KRAS) signaling, miR‐206 impeded the mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) axis that drives expression of Tgfb1. By blocking the KRAS/MEK/ERK axis, miR‐206 prevented TGFβ1 overproduction, thereby impairing the suppressor function and expansion of Tregs, but enhancing the expansion and cytotoxic program of CTLs. Disrupting the interaction between miR‐206 and Kras offset the roles of miR‐206 in inhibiting immunosuppression and HCC. Depletion of CD8+ T cells impaired the ability of miR‐206 to inhibit HCC.

Conclusions
c‐Myc‐educated hepatocytes promoted immunosuppression by overproducing TGFβ1, which promoted HCC development. miR‐206, by attenuating TGFβ1 overproduction, disrupted the communication of malignant hepatocytes with CTLs and Tregs, which prevented HCC. miR‐206 represents a potential immunotherapeutic agent against HCC.
Voluntary and non‐voluntary blood donations among doctors
Authors: Saleh Rana Ahmed , Khalil Hala , Alsaleh Mahasen , Almeharish Amani , Mohammed Viqaruddin , Alhumaidan Hind , Saleh Renad 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundPhysicians may be an important source of blood donations as they are more likely to be familiar with the importance of donating and the donation process. The aim of this study is to report physicians' knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards voluntary and non‐voluntary blood donations.Study Design and MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study conducted at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH&RC), Saudi Arabia. One‐hundred‐and‐sixteen physicians and dentists responded to an online structured questionnaire sent to their institutional emails.ResultsSixty‐eight percent of participants (79% of males and 43% of females) reported previously having donated blood. Eighty‐six percent of donors had previously donated on a voluntary basis, whereas 31% of donors had previously donated for a specific person. A recent donation within 5 years was associated with the younger age group and knowledge of the minimum interval between donations. Fifty‐six percent of participants agreed with using replacement donations. Compared to participants in the youngest age group (25‐35 years), older participants in the age groups (46‐55 years) and (>55 years) were less likely to express intention to donate in the next 6 months (OR 0.289, P = .022 and OR 0.083, P = .004, respectively). Participants reporting poor nutritional status or other medical reasons as a barrier to donating blood were less likely to intend to donate (OR 0.146, P < .001). Among previous donors, intention to donate was associated with a recent donation within 1 year (OR 27.13, P = .002) and having had a pleasant donation experience (OR 14.98, P < .001).ConclusionBlood donation practices are strongly tied to physicians' gender and age and their knowledge of the donation process. The most significant barrier to blood donation was found to be nutritional and medical status.
Rare bone sarcomas: A retrospective analysis of 145 adult patients from the French Sarcoma Group
Authors: Boudou‐Rouquette Pascaline , Martin Elodie , Kempf Emmanuelle , Penel Nicolas , Toulmonde Maud , Bompas Emmanuelle , Duffaud Florence , Firmin Nelly , Bertucci François , Kurtz Jean‐Emmanuel , Chaigneau Loïc , Isambert Nicolas , Saada‐Bouzid Esma , Dubray‐Longeras Pascale , Larousserie Frédérique , Anract Philippe , Chevreau Christine , Blay Jean‐Yves , Piperno‐Neumann Sophie ,   the GSF‐GETO, ResOs and NETSARC+
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe benefit of chemotherapy (CT) in rare bone sarcomas is not documented in prospective studies. Our retrospective study from the French sarcoma network for bone tumors ResOs was performed in adult patients (pts) from 1976 to 2014, with histologically verified diagnosis of leiomyosarcomas (LMS), undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) or radiation‐associated sarcomas of bone. The median follow‐up was 4.7 years (95% CI: 3.7‐6.5). Clinical features, treatment modalities and outcomes were recorded and analyzed from 145 pts (median age 53 years [range 20‐87]). Site of disease was extremities (66%) or axial skeleton (34%), 111 (77%) presented with localized and potentially resectable disease. The most common histological subtypes were UPS (58%) and LMS (33%); 58% were high‐grade tumors. Surgery was performed in 127 pts. In the 111 localized pts, 28 pts (25%) underwent upfront surgery or exclusive radiotherapy (RT; >50 Gy) without CT, whereas 83 pts (75%) received either neoadjuvant (n = 26) or adjuvant CT (n = 13) or both (n = 44). Neoadjuvant and adjuvant CT was mostly doxorubicin‐based (95%/86%) and cisplatin‐based (67%/63%). R0 resection was achieved in 59 pts, and a good histological response in 15 patients (25%). Adjuvant RT was performed in 24 (22%) pts. For the whole cohort (n = 145), the 5‐year overall survival (OS) rate was 53% [42; 62]. In univariate analysis, age ≤ 60 was associated with a longer disease‐free survival (DFS) (P = .0436). Neoadjuvant and adjuvant CT tended to be associated with better DFS (P = .056) with no significant impact on OS in this retrospective series.
Detecting and Mitigating Social Dysfunction within Systems of Systems
Authors: Yokell Mike 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTWhat are systems engineers supposed to do when social dysfunction leads to operational dysfunction? This article elaborates on a means of assessing the managerial relationships between the organizations that own constituent systems (CS) within a system of systems (SoS), with a goal of detecting social dysfunction that could adversely affect operations. For each of the relationship types, or affinity options, tangible, actionable guidance is offered that could help mitigate the social and operational dysfunctions. Results from a case study are included to illustrate the application, detection, and successful mitigation of social dysfunction within a system of systems.
Application of nondestructive mechanical characterization testing for creating in vitro vessel models with material properties similar to human neurovasculature
Authors: Norris Nicholas G. , Merritt William C. , Becker Timothy A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractVessel models are a first step in developing endovascular medical devices. However, these models, often made from glass or silicone, do not accurately represent the mechanical properties of human vascular tissue, limiting their use to basic training and proof‐of‐concept testing. This study outlines methods to quantify human vascular tissue mechanical properties and synthetic biomaterials for creating representative vessel models. Human vascular tissue was assessed and compared to silicone and new UV‐cured polymers (VC‐A30) using the following eight mechanical tests: compressive, shear, tensile dynamic elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, hardness, radial force, compliance, and lubricity. Half of these testing methods were nondestructive, allowing for multiple mechanical and histological characterizations of the same human tissue sample. Histological evaluation of the cellular and extracellular matrix of the human vessels verified that the dynamic moduli and Poison's ratio tests were nondestructive. Fluid absorption by VC‐A30 showed statistically significant softening of mechanical properties, stabilizing after 4 days in phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS). Human vasculature exhibited notably similar results to VC‐A30 in five of eight mechanical tests (≤30% difference) versus two of eight for standard silicone (≤38% difference). Results show that VC‐A30 provides a new option for 3D‐printing translucent in vitro vascular models with anatomically relevant mechanical properties. These new vessel analogs may simulate patient‐specific vessel disease states, improve surgical training models, accelerate new endovascular device developments, and ultimately reduce the need for animal models.
Mattering in the community: Domain and demographic differences in a US sample
Authors: Scarpa Michael P. , Zopluoglu Cengiz , Prilleltensky Isaac 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMattering is defined as experiences of feeling valued and adding value in different domains of life: self, relationships, work, and community. Mattering is a construct with great relevance across psychological and social issues. Research has suggested there may be value in understanding group differences in mattering. Following the recent validation of a scale which measures mattering across multiple domains of life (MIDLS), the present study analyzed a representative US sample to identify demographic group differences in domain‐specific mattering. Despite the presence of few differences in Overall Mattering, significant differences were found among all domains and between groups for each demographic variable. Overall, high incomes, advanced degrees, and employment were most consistently associated with higher mattering across domains. In addition, individuals across demographic groups and domains were more likely to report adding value than feeling valued. Age, gender, ethnicity, and marital status correlations were found in certain domains. These results demonstrate the value of a multidimensional conception of mattering and provide initial insight into demographic differences in mattering in a United States, English‐speaking sample.
The broad pathogenetic role of TCF7L2 in human diseases beyond type 2 diabetes
Authors: del Bosque‐Plata Laura , Hernández‐Cortés Eduardo Pavel , Gragnoli Claudia 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe TCF7L2 protein is a key transcriptional effector of the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway, regulating gene expression. It was initially identified in cancer research and embryologic developmental studies. Later, the TCF7L2 gene was linked to type 2 diabetes (T2D), implicating TCF7L2 and Wnt‐signaling in metabolic disorders and homeostasis. In fact, TCF7L2‐T2D variants confer the greatest relative risk for T2D, unquestionably predicting conversion to T2D in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance. We aim to describe the relevance of TCF7L2 in other human disorders. The TCF7L2‐single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and T2D‐risk association have been replicated in numerous follow‐up studies, and research has now been performed in several other diseases. In this article, we discuss common TCF7L2‐T2D variants within the framework of their association with human diseases. The TCF7L2 functional regions need to be further investigated because the molecular and cellular mechanisms through which TCF7L2 contributes to risk associations with different diseases are still not fully elucidated. In this review, we show the association of common TCF7L2‐T2D variants with many types of diseases. However, the role of rare genetic variations in the TCF7L2 gene in distinct diseases and ethnic groups has not been explored, and understanding their impact on specific phenotypes will be of clinical relevance. This offers an excellent opportunity to gain a clearer picture of the role that the TCF7L2 gene plays in the pathophysiology of human diseases. The potential pleiotropic role of TCF7L2 may underlie a possible pathway for comorbidity in human disorders.
Combination therapy of iPSC‐derived conditioned medium with ceftriaxone alleviates bacteria‐induced lung injury by targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome
Authors: Wann Shue‐Ren , Chi Pei‐Ling , Huang Wei‐Chun , Cheng Chin‐Chang , Chang Yun‐Te 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe lung is the first and most frequent organ to fail among sepsis patients. The mortality rate of sepsis‐related acute lung injury (ALI) is high. Despite appropriate antimicrobial therapy, no treatment strategies are available for sepsis‐induced ALI. Stem cell‐mediated paracrine signaling is a potential treatment method for various diseases. This study aimed to examine the effects of induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived conditioned medium (iPSC‐CM) combined with antibiotics on ALI in a rat model of Escherichia coli‐induced sepsis. Rats were administered either iPSC‐CM or the vehicle (saline) with antibiotics (ceftriaxone). After 72 h, liquid biopsy, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and tissues were harvested for analysis. Survival rates were observed for up to 3 days. Furthermore, we examined the effects of iPSC‐CM on cytokine production, metalloproteinase 9 (MMP‐9) expression, and NLRP3–ASC interaction in RAW264.7 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide/interferon‐γ (LPS/IFN‐γ). Combined treatment of iPSC‐CM with antibiotics significantly improved survival in E. coli‐infected rats (p = 0.0006). iPSC‐CM ameliorated E. coli‐induced infiltration of macrophages, reducing the number of cells in BALF, and suppressing interleukin (IL)‐1β, MIP‐2, IL‐6, and MMP‐9 messenger RNA in lung sections. iPSC‐CM treatment attenuated NLRP3 expression and inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation by disrupting NLRP3‐mediated ASC complex formation in LPS/IFN‐γ‐primed RAW264.7 cells. This study reveals the mechanisms underlying iPSC‐CM‐conferred anti‐inflammatory activity in ALI through the attenuation of macrophage recruitment to the lung, thus inactivating NLRP3 inflammasomes in macrophages. iPSC‐CM therapy may be a useful adjuvant treatment to reduce sepsis‐related mortality by ameliorating ALI.