bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SCN8A and Its Related Epileptic Phenotypes
Authors: Praticò Andrea , Gulizia Carmela , Gangi Gloria , Oliva Claudia , Romano Catia , Marino Simona , Polizzi Agata , Ruggieri Martino , Falsaperla Raffaele 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSodium channelopathies are among the most common single-gene causes of epilepsy and have been considered model disorders for the study of genetic epilepsies. Epilepsies due to SCN8A pathogenic variants can present with a broad range of phenotypes varying from a severe epileptic encephalopathy with multiple types of drug-resistant seizure to neurodevelopmental delay, mental retardation, and electroencephalogram (EEG) findings of multifocal spike and waves (mostly in the temporal/parietal/occipital areas). In rare cases, benign familial infantile seizures and developmental delay with/without ataxia have been reported. A first-level, specific SCN8A Sanger's sequencing, although available, is rarely performed because the clinical phenotype is not strictly characteristic and several overlaps with other genetic epilepsies may occur. Given its indistinctive phenotype, diagnosis is usually performed through a specific gene panel for epileptic encephalopathies, early epilepsies, or genetic epilepsy in general, or through whole exome sequencing (WES) and more rarely through whole genome sequencing (WGS). Mutations in SCN8A occur as an autosomal dominant trait. The great majority of individuals diagnosed with SCN8A epilepsy do not have an affected parent, because usually SCN8A patients do not reproduce, and mutations are inherited as a “de novo” trait. In rare cases, SCN8A mutations may be inherited in the setting of parental germline mosaicism. SCN8A-related epilepsies have not shown a clear genotype–phenotype correlation, the same variants have been described with different clinical expressivity and this could be due to other genetic factors or to interacting environmental factors. There is no standardized treatment for SCN8A-related epilepsy because of the rarity of the disease and the unavailability of specific, targeted drugs. Treatment is based mainly on antiepileptic drugs which include classic wide-spectrum drugs such as valproic acid, levetiracetam, and lamotrigine. Sodium-channel blockers (phenytoin, carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, and lamotrigine) have shown appreciable results in terms of seizure reduction, in particular, in patients presenting gain-of-function mutations. Nowadays, new potentially transformative gene therapy treatment approaches are currently being explored, allowing in the next future, a precision-based treatment directed against the gene defect and protein alterations.
Analgesia, Sedation, and Neuromuscular Blockade in Infants with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
Authors: Weems Mark F. , Grover Theresa R. , Seabrook Ruth , DiGeronimo Robert , Gien Jason , Keene Sarah , Rintoul Natalie , Daniel John M. , Johnson Yvette , Guner Yigit , Zaniletti Isabella , Murthy Karna ,   the Children's Hospitals Neonatal Consortium Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Focus Group
Published: May 2021

Objective The aim of this study was to describe the use, duration, and intercenter variation of analgesia and sedation in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH).
Study Design This is a retrospective analysis of analgesia, sedation, and neuromuscular blockade use in neonates with CDH. Patient data from 2010 to 2016 were abstracted from the Children's Hospitals Neonatal Database and linked to the Pediatric Health Information System. Patients were excluded if they also had non-CDH conditions likely to affect the use of the study medications.
Results A total of 1,063 patients were identified, 81% survived, and 30% were treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Opioid (99.8%), sedative (93.4%), and neuromuscular blockade (87.9%) use was common. Frequency of use was higher and duration was longer among CDH patients treated with ECMO. Unadjusted duration of use varied 5.6-fold for benzodiazepines (median: 14 days) and 7.4-fold for opioids (median: 16 days). Risk-adjusted duration of use varied among centers, and prolonged use of both opioids and benzodiazepines ≥5 days was associated with increased mortality (p < 0.001) and longer length of stay (p < 0.001). Use of sedation or neuromuscular blockade prior to or after surgery was each associated with increased mortality (p ≤ 0.01).
Conclusion Opioids, sedatives, and neuromuscular blockade were used commonly in infants with CDH with variable duration across centers. Prolonged combined use ≥5 days is associated with mortality.
Key Points
Efficiency of Lung Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis and Follow-up of Viral Pneumonia in Newborn
Authors: Öktem Ahmet , Zenciroğlu Ayşegül , Üner Çiğdem , Aydoğan Seda , Dilli Dilek , Okumuş Nurullah 
Published: May 2021

Objective Lung ultrasonography (LUS) is a useful method for diagnosis of lung diseases such as respiratory distress syndrome, transient tachypnea of the newborn, pneumonia, and pneumothorax in the neonatal period. LUS has become an important tool in the diagnosis and follow-up of lung diseases. LUS is easy to apply at the bedside and is a practical and low-cost method for diagnosing pneumonia.
Study Design This study was conducted in neonatal intensive care unit of Dr. Sami Ulus Obstetrics, Children's Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital. From September 2019 to April 2020, 50 patients who were diagnosed with viral pneumonia were included in the study. Also, 24 patients with sepsis-related respiratory failure were included in the study as a control group. LUS was performed at the bedside three times, by a single expert, once each before treatment for diagnosis, on discharge, and after discharge in outpatient clinic control.
Results Before treatment, LUS findings were lung consolidation with air bronchograms (50/50), pleural line abnormalities (35/50), B-pattern (25/50), disappearance of lung sliding (21/50), lung pulse (5/50), and pleural effusion (9/50). During discharge, we found significant changes: lung consolidation with air bronchograms (6/50), pleural line abnormalities (7/50), B-pattern (12/50), and pleural effusion (1/50) (p < 0.05). Outpatient clinic control LUS findings were lung consolidation with air bronchograms (0/50), pleural line abnormalities (0/50), B-pattern (0/50), disappearance of lung sliding (0/50), and pleural effusion (0/50) (p < 0.05). Also, B-pattern image, disappearance of lung sliding, and pleural line abnormalities were higher in control group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion Ultrasound gives no hazard, and the application of bedside ultrasonography is comfortable for the patients. Pneumonia is a serious infection in the neonatal period. Repeated chest radiography may be required depending on the clinical condition of the patient with pneumonia. This study focuses on adequacy of LUS in neonatal pneumonia.
Key Points
Raman spectroscopic study of frustrated ferroelectric phase in hydroxyl salts Co2(OH)3Br/Co2(OD)3Br
Authors: Xu Xing-Liang , Meng Dong-Dong , Zheng Xu-Guang , Guo Qi-Xin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We report on an investigation of the temperature-dependent ordering of the hydrogen/deuterium atoms in geometrically frustrated magnets Co2(OH)3Br and its deuterated Co2(OD)3Br, to shed light on the origin of the newly-identified ferroelectricity using Raman spectroscopy. Significant changes in the Raman frequencies and line-widths of the Raman-active modes were observed below ∼260 K in Co2(OD)3Br and ∼240 K in Co2(OH)3Br, respectively, the analysis of which revealed strong spin–phonon couplings in this system. Further, for Co2(OD)3Br, six new phonon bands appeared below around 260 K, with the corresponding intensities obeying a power-law equation

I
∝

1
−
T
/

T

c

2
β

wherein T
c = 260 K, suggesting that an ordering process occurred below ∼260 K. The ordering process subsequently affected the local structure and brought out the reported ferroelectric phase, which is considered as frustrated. Meanwhile, in Co2(OH)3Br, only one new band was observed below ∼240 K, followed by two ‘softened’ modes correlated to the [OH] sub-lattice below ∼185 K, wherein an incomplete ordering was suggested. The present work reveals a new multiferroic system combining geometrically frustrated magnetism and deuterium ordering-type ferroelectricity.
Method to minimize polymer degradation in drag-reduced non-Newtonian turbulent boundary layers
Authors: Baker Lucia , Qiao Yiming , Ghaemi Sina , Coletti Filippo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Polymer solutions are often used to produce drag-reduced fluid flows, in which the drag reduction is achieved due to the solutions’ non-Newtonian shear-thinning and viscoelastic properties. However, experiments using polymer solutions are typically challenging due to the tendency of the polymer to degrade when subjected to intense shearing. The degradation reduces the amount of drag reduction as the experiment progresses, which limits the experiment duration and the accuracy of the results. Here we introduce a method to avoid the degradation of the polymer solution by driving the flow with a paddlewheel instead of a conventional pump. The solution is shown to undergo very little degradation during the paddlewheel’s operation. The method is then applied to perform novel measurements of a drag-reduced turbulent boundary layer at two different Reynolds numbers, both with and without a suspended particle phase. The effects of carrier fluid rheology and Reynolds number on the particle concentration and velocity profiles are explored, as well as the effect on total drag of the flow. For a given fluid type and Reynolds number, the drag is found to be nearly constant with the global particle volume fraction, suggesting that the particles have a limited ability to modulate the drag. Remarkably, the particle velocity fluctuations are greater in the non-Newtonian cases, possibly due to enhanced collisions in the near-wall region.
Investigating the large angle of a physical pendulum using a smartphone’s sensors
Authors: Chatchawaltheerat Theerawat , Khemmani Supitch , Puttharugsa Chokchai 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper demonstrates the use of a smartphone’s sensors in recording experimental data for investigating the large angle of a physical pendulum. The smartphone (iPhone 5s) was attached to a beam to record simultaneously both the angular position and the angular speed of the beam oscillating about the pivot. The period and phase space of the oscillation were theoretically calculated and were compared with the experimental data. It was found that the experimental results agreed well with the theoretical calculations. We expect that this experiment based on a smartphone’s sensors could be useful for physics teachers and encourage the interest of students.
Tunable photonic spin Hall effect due to the chiral Hall effect in strained Weyl semimetals
Authors: Jia Guangyi , Zhang Ruixia , Huang Zhenxian , Ma Qiaoyun , Wang Huaiwen , Asgari Reza 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The latest research suggests that strain can be utilized to engineer the electronic states of Weyl semimetals (WSMs) through creating a pseudo-magnetic field
B

el. The response of strained WSMs to a real time-varying electric field
E
with
E
⊥
B

el can cause spatial chirality and charge separation in WSMs, i.e., the chiral Hall effect (CHE). Herein, the photonic spin Hall effect (PSHE) modified by CHE in strained WSM thin films is studied. We show that the in-plane and transverse photonic spin-dependent shifts (⟨Δx
+⟩ and ⟨Δy
+⟩) can be tuned to be more than 400 and 50 times of incident wavelength, respectively, at the angular frequency being close to the cyclotron frequency of massless fermions in the pseudo-magnetic field. In order to enhance the PSHE, epsilon-near-zero materials take priority of being as the substrates of WSM films. Besides, both ⟨Δx
+⟩ and ⟨Δy
+⟩ generally give extreme values around incident angles at which Fresnel reflection coefficients exhibit local minimums, whereas an inversion-symmetry breaking with nonzero axial chemical potential may break this generality. Finally, one possible experimental strategy for observing this CHE tuned PSHE is schemed, which may provide a pristine optical technique to precisely engineer and detect the strain in topological materials.
The optimized decomposition method for a reliable treatment of IVPs for second order differential equations
Authors: Odibat Zaid 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this study, a general framework of the optimized decomposition method, which suggests an optimal construction of the series solutions, for analytic treatment of IVPs for second order differential equations is proposed. The presented framework expands the application of the method to several classes of IVPs for nonlinear differential equations. Illustrative comparisons between the optimized decomposition method and the Adomian decomposition method for solving some nonlinear IVPs is then presented. The results confirm that the optimized decomposition method produces better performance and gives better accuracy compared to Adomian decomposition method. The study highlights the strength and advantages of the method in dealing with nonlinear differential equations.
An effective and universal intensity noise suppression technique for single-frequency fiber lasers at 1.5 μm
Authors: Zhou Kaijun , Zhao Qilai , Feng Zhouming , Yang Changsheng , Xu Shanhui 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We report on an effective and universal technique to fulfill intensity noise suppression for single-frequency fiber lasers (SFFLs) at 1.5 μm. Utilizing a gain-saturated semiconductor optical amplifier and the effective filtering of amplified spontaneous emission, the resultant relative intensity noises of three diverse SFFLs are maintained at −155 dB Hz−1; which is only <0.9 dB from the shot noise limit in the frequency range from 100 kHz to 50 MHz. Refering to the three paradigmatic experimental results, this technology, as a promising external solution of noise suppression, can be modularized to promote the application of SFFLs.
Spatial radiation features of circularly polarized tightly focused laser beams colliding with electrons
Authors: Chen Zujie , Qin Hao , Chen Xi , Tian Youwei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In the framework of laser-matter interaction and nonlinear Thomson scattering, we investigate the three-dimensional (3D) motion trajectories and spatial radiation characteristics of the colliding motion electrons with tightly focused circularly polarized Gaussian pulses at different intensities. Combined with the 3D spatial images and the analysis of specific two-dimensional unfolded images, we discover that the amplitude of the motion trajectory increases steadily with increasing laser intensity, the peak radiation power increases rapidly, and the peak radiation azimuth decreases slowly. In addition, by studying the electron motion under the high-intensity (

a
0

>
10

) laser field, we find that the electron motion is retrograde twice when interacting with pulsed laser once. Lastly, by extracting the direction and energy of spatial radiation, we indicate that the existence of a specific laser intensity can make the peak radiation azimuth

θ

m

=

90
∘

and which intienity provides the maximum conversion rate of laser energy to the peak power of radiation.
Ultrashort pulsed laser amplifier: simultaneous optimization of thermally induced diffraction loss and energy transfer upconversion
Authors: Nadgaran Hamid , Kazempourfard Mohammad Sadegh 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this work, thermally induced diffraction loss and energy transfer upconversion (ETU) are considered for optimization of an ultrashort-pulsed laser amplifier. In this regard, pump spot size and signal to pump mode ratio are optimized in order to maximize the signal output energy. Toward this, the Frantz-Nodvik equation of ultrashort-pulsed laser amplifier with thermal induced diffraction loss and ETU theories were combined. Results show the power of this two-theory combination for optimization tasks of pico-second pulsed amplifiers. Optimized values of

w

p

=
90.2
μ

m and

w

s

/

w

p

=
0.62

for output energy of 2.3  µj are reported here. This output energy is twice the values reported without parameter optimization.
Robust operation of linearly polarized broad-range self-sweeping Ho-doped fiber laser
Authors: Vladimirskaya A D , Kamynin V A , Lobach I A , Kablukov S I 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A stable self-sweeping operation with a sweeping range of 10 nm near 2100 nm in a Ho-doped fiber laser which does not require preliminary tuning is demonstrated. The polarization maintaining elements and approaches for the active fiber cooling were applied to stabilize the laser operation regime. The narrowband linearly polarized tunable radiation with average output power of more than 200 mW is generated. The regular transition of generation regime from the quasi continuous wave lasing to self-pulsations taking place at a certain moment during each scan is demonstrated for the first time. The developed source can be used for spectroscopy of nitrous oxide, having absorption lines in that spectral region.
Morphometric Analysis and Proximate Nutrition several Commercial Fish Species from Mesangat wetland, Muara Ancalong, Kutai Timur, East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Nugroho R A , Nainggolan A S , Lariman L , Suimah S , Rudianto R , Prahastika W , Aryani R , Manurung H , Djati W N 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Mesangat wetland has a high diversity of fish, which is traded for consumption by the community. The types of fish consumed have different sizes with unknown morphometric analysis and nutritional content. The purpose of this study was to determine the morphometric measurement (total weight and length, weight of visceral, fin, head, bone, fillet, and gills) and evaluate the proximate content of several commercial fish species from the Mesangat wetland, Muara Ancalong, Kutai Timur. The method used was direct sampling from the field for morphometric measurement, while fish was sampled for further proximate analysis and the results was compared to Standard National Indonesia (SNI). The results found that several species of fish used as consumption have a size that was classified as not in a good growth pattern, namely Channa striata, Notopterus chitala, Pangasiodon hypopthalmus, and Hemibagrus nemurus. Meanwhile, Channa micropeltes, Anabas testudineus, and Helostoma temminckii were found in a good growth pattern category. Furthermore, proximate analysis for sampled fish were in standard such as water content, protein, fat, and fibre. However, ash content was not in a standard. In conclusion, several sampled fish for consumption which was found in the Mesangat wetland are in a good growth condition and nutrition composition.
An analysis of technical efficiency and factors affecting rice farming business production in Bombana regency, Southeast Sulawesi
Authors: Rachmasari Ariani Wa Ode 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study aims to (1) analyze the factors affecting production of rice farming business in Bombana Regency, (2) analyze the extent of technical efficiency of rice farming business in the Regency. The study was conducted from April to October 2019. Bombana was considered as the area in which the study took place because most of the people were rice farmers and they were potential to develop. There were 120 rice farmers participated in the study. The samples were taken using simple random sampling. Primary data were collected by interview based on questionnaire, while secondary data were collected by going over the official documents issued by authorized agency. The data were analyzed using stochastic frontier production-function analysis and Cobb-Douglass analysis. The result showed that (1) of all affecting factors, fertilizers such as NPK as well as the land area had positive and significant correlation to the rice production; (2) the average value of technical efficiency of rice farmers was 84% and there were 16% chance to increase the rice production with additional optimal production input.
Lab-scale experimental investigation concerning ex-situ bioremediation of mercury (Hg) contaminated soil by local bacterial isolated from Bombana mining area
Authors: Ambardini Sri , Yanti NurArfa , Dehe Kasmawati , Fajar Hasidu La Ode Abdul 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Hg Contamination is a most common occurrence in the industrial area, caused by several industrial activity wich release Hg into environment, like industrial activity of gold mining in Bombana Regency Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. So that it need effort to controll Hg contamination, one of wich is bioremediation techniques using bacterial. The aims of this study were to know the effect of local bacterial and incubation time to reduce the Hg content at post-gold mining soil of Bombana Regency. This study was experimental research atlab-scale (ex-situ bioremediation) using Completely Random Design (RAL) with two factorial. The 1st factor was the kind of bacterial inoculum namely Pseudomonassp. strain LIIC (Ps), Bacillussp.strain LIIIC (Bc), and mixed inoculum both of these bacterial species (PB). The 2nd factor was incubation time consist of 1st week until 8th weeks incubation. Soil substrate contaminated by Hg was inoculated of bacteria inoculum as much as 100 mL/kg and incubated at room temperature for 8 weeks. Hg content was measured by AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer).Data was analysed by software SAS. The result of inoculated of local bacteria and incubation times affect to the Hg content on post-gold mining soil. The highest reduction of Hg content at the treatment of Pseudomonas sp. LIIC inoculated was 98,89% with the optimum incubation time in the second weeks.
Antibacterial activity of fungi endophytic isolated from leaves the mangrove acanthus ilicifolius l
Authors: Yanti Nur Arfa , Jamili  , Ardiansyah  , Anwarrudin Syaiful 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Endophytic fungi are able to synthesize secondary metabolites that act as antimicrobial compounds to protect the host plant from pathogenic microbes. In the present study, endophytic fungi isolated from leaves of Acanthus ilicifolius was characterized and their antibacterial activity was assessed. Characterization of endophytic fungi isolates was carried out based on morphological characteristics of macroscopic (colony) and microscopic. Antibacterial activity test was conducted by well diffusion method using 2 bacterial indicators, namely Escherichia coli (Gram negative bacteria) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive bacteria). Six endophytic fungi were isolated from A. ilicifoliusleaves and 5 isolates among them had antibacterial activity, namely isolates DT1, DT3, DT4, DT6 and DST1 with broad-spectrum activity. Five endophytic fungi identified belonged to 3 genera; DT1 and DT4 are identical to the Genus Geotricum, DST1and DT6 are identical to the Genus Humicola and DT3 is identical to the Genus Aspergillus. This study demonstrates an interesting bottom-up approach to the discovery of new antibacterial compounds.