bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can real‐time near‐infrared spectroscopy monitoring detect graft venous thrombosis after pediatric kidney transplantation?
Authors: Ghidini Filippo , Parolin Mattia , De Corti Federica , Amigoni Angela , Fascetti Leon Francesco , Benetti Elisa , Gamba Piergiorgio 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundA prompt detection of graft venous thrombosis might preserve the transplanted organ. A real‐time near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) monitoring of the allograft perfusion could fulfill this goal. The aim of this work was to report the trend of allograft perfusion (rSO2) after pediatric kidney transplantation (KT) complicated by graft venous thrombosis.Case presentation.An infant, affected by end‐stage kidney disease due to posterior urethral valves, underwent non‐living donor KT. The allograft presented both arterial and venous variants and required a complex bench surgery reconstruction. The perfusion of the allograft was monitored by real‐time transcutaneous NIRS. The early post‐operative was conditioned by worsening clinical conditions, and a graft venous thrombosis was detected after four hours since the transplantation. NIRS monitoring lasted for 348 minutes. Median lower pole rSO2‐value was 65% (IQR 62–66%), while the median upper pole rSO2‐value was 70% (IQR 70–71%). These data reflected the congestion of the lower pole, observed at the end of the transplantation. The lower pole showed inferior rSO2 values (p<0.0001). At the end of the monitoring, the decrease in peripheral rSO2, measured in left lower limb as a benchmark, was consistent with the ongoing hypovolemic shock and severe acute anemia.ConclusionTranscutaneous NIRS might be a reliable device for monitoring allograft and peripheric perfusion after pediatric KT. The modifications of rSO2 values helped the clinicians manage the patients in the post‐operative and early detect acute complications.
Silver, fiduciary money, and the Chinese economy, 1890–1935
Authors: Chen Bo , Li Dan , Xie Yiqing 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThere are debates in the existing literature over whether silver outflows from China due to the American Silver Purchase Act (ASPA) of 1934 resulted in an economic crisis in China. However, all arguments in the debate rely on the assertion that the ASPA caused severe deflation—a claim with weak support in the data. In this paper, we investigate the bigger picture by using a newly consolidated historical Chinese dataset covering 1890–1935 to investigate the long‐run relationship of silver outflows, international trade, and fiduciary money. We find a mitigation effect of terms of trade after a decrease in the silver price triggered silver outflows from 1890 to 1934. More importantly, we find that the issue of fiduciary money was responsive to silver outflows such that China's aggregate money supply was not severely affected by the outflows. As a result, we clarify the puzzle of why China encountered neither serious deflation nor an economic crisis when the ASPA occurred.
Bayesian nonparametric estimation in the current status continuous mark model
Authors: Jongbloed Geurt , van der Meulen Frank H. , Pang Lixue 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe consider the current status continuous mark model where, if an event takes place before an inspection time T a “continuous mark” variable is observed as well. A Bayesian nonparametric method is introduced for estimating the distribution function of the joint distribution of the event time (X) and mark variable (Y). We consider two histogram‐type priors on the density of . Our main result shows that under appropriate conditions, the posterior distribution function contracts pointwisely at rate if the true density is ‐Hölder continuous. In addition to our theoretical results we provide efficient computational methods for drawing from the posterior relying on a noncentered parameterization and Crank–Nicolson updates. The performance of the proposed methods is illustrated in several numerical experiments.
Evolving African American/White socioeconomic inequality in the public sector: A review essay
Authors: Wilson George 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA sufficient body of research across disciplines (Sociology, Political Science, Public Administration) now exists to address the evolving dynamics of public sector African American/White socio‐economic inequality across the post‐1965 civil rights era. This review synthesizes this research, bringing together an unprecedented amount of evidence to support two primary points: (1) Public sector inequality has been fluid, that is, it has been characterized by varying levels of African American disadvantage. Though African American disadvantage has progressively increased in the post‐1990 period, for now it retains its occupational niche status, and (2) The underpinnings of this fluidity of African American/White inequality are to a considerable degree a product of historically specific responses to inequality dynamics in the private sector that I classify as either compensatory or emulative. I discuss the importance of focusing on inter‐sectoral connections in understanding evolving racial inequality in the public sector and conclude by offering directions for future research.
A multi‐scale partitioning and aggregation method for large volumes of buildings considering road networks association constraints
Authors: Li Chengming , Wu Wei , Yin Yong , Wu Pengda , Wu Zheng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe automatic aggregation of buildings often requires the handling of large volumes of data, which results in high processing overhead. One efficient and feasible way of managing this issue is to partition data using a road network and perform parallel computing. Generally, road networks are used not only to divide buildings into multiple cells but also to provide strong spatial constraints for the geometric morphology and a balanced spatial distribution of building aggregation results. Existing methods have focused on the former at the expense of the latter, which easily leads to spatial conflicts between road networks, and building aggregation results in the multi‐scale representation of buildings. Hence, a multi‐scale partitioning and aggregation method for large volumes of buildings considering the association constraint of the road network is proposed. First, road stroke connections are established, and road levels are calculated on the basis of semantic, geometric, and topological features of road strokes. Second, large volumes of buildings are partitioned level‐by‐level based on multi‐level roads and the convex hull of buildings. Finally, a “three morphological transformation algorithm” is proposed to aggregate buildings in each partitioning cell. OpenStreetMap data (31 × 33 km2) from Tokyo Bay, Japan, were used for validation. The experiment reveals that compared to the state‐of‐the‐art method, the proposed method avoids spatial crossing conflicts and eliminates “narrow necks” in the building aggregation results. The coordination between buildings and the road network was enhanced, and the morphological similarity of the buildings before and after aggregation was improved.
Investigations on Thermodynamic Processes of a Novel Pneumatic Drive Asymmetric Gifford-McMahon Cycle Cryorefrigerator
Authors: Panda Debashis , Behera Suraj K. , Satapathy Ashok K. , Sarangi Sunil K. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a numerical and experimental investigation is conducted on a novel pneumatic-drive asymmetric Gifford-McMahon cycle cryorefrigerator (GMCR). In the pneumatic-drive asymmetric Gifford-McMahon cycle cryorefrigerator, the duration of the assistance space exhaust process is kept higher than that of the assistance space intake process. Therefore, the displacer moves faster near the lower dead center (LDC) and slower near the upper dead center (UDC) inside the expander cylinder. The numerical model solves the governing equations of the refrigerant and dynamics of free-floating displacer iteratively to illustrate the refrigeration mechanism. Additionally, the model computes the performance parameters of the cryorefrigerator like refrigerating capacity and specific refrigerating capacity. By adopting the numerical model, the impact of the loitering time (LT) on the thermodynamic processes is elaborated. It is perceived that both refrigerating capacity and specific refrigerating capacity reduces with an increase in the loitering time. The experimental cooling characteristics are studied for different values of discharge to suction pressure ratios of helium compressor.
A Novel Heat Generation Acquisition Method of Cylindrical Battery Based on Core and Surface Temperature Measurements
Authors: Yu Xiaoli , Wu Qichao , Huang Rui , Chen Xiaoping 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Heat generation measurements of the lithium-ion battery are crucial for the design of the battery thermal management system. Most previous works use the accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC) to test heat generation of batteries. However, utilizing ARC can only obtain heat generation of the battery operating under the adiabatic condition, deviating from common operation scenarios with heat dissipation. Besides, using ARC is difficult to measure heat generation of the high-rate operating battery because the battery temperature easily exceeds the maximum safety limit. To address these problems, we propose a novel method to obtain heat generation of cylindrical battery based on core and surface temperature measurements and select the 21700 cylindrical battery as the research object. Based on the method, total heat generation at 1 C discharge rate under the natural convection air cooling condition in the environmental chamber is about 3.2 kJ, and the average heat generation rate is about 0.9 W, while these two results measured by ARC are about 2.2 kJ and 0.6 W. This gap also reflects that different battery temperature histories have significant impacts on heat generation. In addition, using our approach, total heat generation at 2 C discharge rate measured in the environmental chamber is about 5.0 kJ, with the average heat generation rate being about 2.8 W. Heat generation results obtained by our method are approximate to the actual battery operation and have advantages in future applications.
Synthesis and Complexation Properties of 2-Hydroxy-5-methoxyphenylphosphonic Acid (H3L1). Crystal Structure of the [Cu(H2L1)2(Н2О)2] Complex
Authors: Tsebrikova G. S. , Rogacheva Yu. I. , Ivanova I. S. , Ilyukhin A. B. , Soloviev V. P. , Demina L. I. , Baulin V. E. , Tsivadze A. Yu. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
2-Hydroxy-5-methoxyphenylphosphonic acid (H3L1) and the complex [Cu(H2L1)2(H2O)2] were synthesized and characterized by IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The polyhedron of the copper atom is an axially elongated square bipyramid with oxygen atoms of phenolic and of monodeprotonated phosphonic groups at the base and oxygen atoms of water molecules at the vertices. The protonation constants of the H3L1 acid and the stability constants of its Cu2+ complexes in water were determined by potentiometric titration. The protonation constants of the acid in water are significantly influenced by the intramolecular hydrogen bond and the methoxy group. The H3L1 acid forms complexes CuL‒ and CuL24‒ with Cu2+ in water.
Clinical impact of a gastrointestinal PCR panel in children with infectious diarrhoea
Authors: Truong Jeanne , Cointe Aurélie , Le Roux Enora , Bidet Philippe , Michel Morgane , Boize Julien , Mariani-Kurkdjian Patricia , Caseris Marion , Hobson Claire Amaris , Desmarest Marie , Titomanlio Luigi , Faye Albert , Bonacorsi Stéphane 
Published: December 2021

ObjectivesMultiplex gastrointestinal PCR (GI-PCR) allows fast and simultaneous detection of 22 enteric pathogens (includingCampylobacter, Salmonella,Shigella/enteroinvasiveEscherichia coli (EIEC), among other bacteria, parasites and viruses). However, its impact on the management of children with infectious diarrhoea remains unknown.Patients/DesignAll children eligible for stool culture from May to October 2018 were prospectively included in a monocentric study at Robert-Debré University-Hospital.InterventionA GI-PCR (BioFire FilmArray) was performed on each stool sample.Main measuresData on the children’s healthcare management before and after GI-PCR results were collected. Stool culture results were also reported.Results172 children were included. The main criteria for performing stool analysis were mucous/bloody diarrhoea and/or traveller’s diarrhoea (n=130). GI-PCR’s were positive for 120 patients (70%). The main pathogens were enteroaggregativeE. coli(n=39; 23%), enteropathogenicE. coli(n=34; 20%),Shigella/EIEC (n=27; 16%) andCampylobacter(n=21; 12%). Compared with stool cultures, GI-PCR enabled the detection of 21 vs 19Campylobacter,12 vs 10Salmonella,27Shigella/EIEC vs 13Shigella, 2 vs 2Yersinia enterocolitica, 1 vs 1Plesiomonas shigelloides,respectively. Considering the GI-PCR results and before stool culture results, the medical management was revised for 40 patients (23%): 28 initiations, 2 changes and 1 discontinuation of antibiotics, 1 hospitalisation, 2 specific room isolations related toClostridioides difficileinfections, 4 additional test prescriptions and 2 test cancellations.ConclusionThe GI-PCR’s results impacted the medical management of gastroenteritis for almostone-fourth of the children, and especially the prescription of appropriate antibiotic treatment before stool culture results.
Adaptation of the Texas Christian University Organisational Readiness for Change Short Form (TCU-ORC-SF) for use in primary health facilities in South Africa
Authors: Brooke-Sumner Carrie , Petersen-Williams Petal , Wagener Emma , Sorsdahl Katherine , Aarons Gregory A , Myers Bronwyn 
Published: December 2021

ObjectivesThe Texas Christian University Organisational Readiness for Change Scale (TCU-ORC) assesses factors influencing adoption of evidence-based practices. It has not been validated in low-income and middle-income countries (LMIC). This study assessed its psychometric properties in a South African setting with the aim of adapting it into a shorter measure.MethodsThis study was conducted in 24 South African primary healthcare clinics in the Western Cape Province. The TCU-ORC and two other measures, the Organisational Readiness to Change Assessment (ORCA) and the Checklist for Assessing Readiness for Implementation (CARI) were administered. The questionnaire was readministered after 2 weeks to obtain data on test–retest reliability. Three hundred and ninety-five surveys were completed: 281 participants completed the first survey, and 118 recompleted the assessments.ResultsWe used exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to identify latent dimensions represented in the data. Cronbach’s alpha for each subscale was assessed and we examined the extent to which the subscales and total scale scores for the first and retest surveys correlated. Convergent validity was assessed by the correlation coefficient between the TCU-ORC, ORCA and CARI total scale scores. EFA resulted in a three-factor solution. The three subscales proposed are Clinic Organisational Climate (8 items), Motivational Readiness for Change (13 items) and Individual Change Efficacy (5 items) (26 items total). Cronbach’s alpha for each subscale was >0.80. The overall shortened scale had a test–retest correlation of r=0.80, p<0.01, acceptable convergent validity with the ORCA scale (r=0.56, p<0.05), moderate convergence with the CARI (r=39, p<0.05) and strong correlation with the original scale (r=0.79, p<0.05).ConclusionsThis study presents the first psychometric data on the TCU-ORC from an LMIC. The proposed shortened tool may be more feasible for use in LMICs.Trial registration numberResults stage. Project MIND trial. Pan-African Clinical Trials Registry. PACTR201610001825405.
Background incidence rates of hospitalisations and emergency department visits for thromboembolic and coagulation disorders in Ontario, Canada for COVID-19 vaccine safety assessment: a population-based retrospective observational study
Authors: Nasreen Sharifa , Calzavara Andrew J , Sundaram Maria E , MacDonald Shannon E , Righolt Christiaan H , Pai Menaka , Field Thalia S , Zhou Lily W , Wilson Sarah E , Kwong Jeffrey C 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to estimate background rates of selected thromboembolic and coagulation disorders in Ontario, Canada.DesignPopulation-based retrospective observational study using linked health administrative databases. Records of hospitalisations and emergency department visits were searched to identify cases using International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision, Canada diagnostic codes.ParticipantsAll Ontario residents.Primary outcome measuresIncidence rates of ischaemic stroke, intracerebral haemorrhage, subarachnoid haemorrhage, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, idiopathic thrombocytopaenia, disseminated intravascular coagulation and cerebral venous thrombosis during five prepandemic years (2015–2019) and 2020.ResultsThe average annual population was 14 million with 51% female. The mean annual rates per 100 000 population during 2015–2019 were 127.1 (95% CI 126.2 to 127.9) for ischaemic stroke, 22.0 (95% CI 21.6 to 22.3) for intracerebral haemorrhage, 9.4 (95% CI 9.2 to 9.7) for subarachnoid haemorrhage, 86.8 (95% CI 86.1 to 87.5) for deep vein thrombosis, 63.7 (95% CI 63.1 to 64.3) for pulmonary embolism, 6.1 (95% CI 5.9 to 6.3) for idiopathic thrombocytopaenia, 1.6 (95% CI 1.5 to 1.7) for disseminated intravascular coagulation, and 1.5 (95% CI 1.4 to 1.6) for cerebral venous thrombosis. Rates were lower in 2020 than during the prepandemic years for ischaemic stroke, deep vein thrombosis and idiopathic thrombocytopaenia. Rates were generally consistent over time, except for pulmonary embolism, which increased from 57.1 to 68.5 per 100 000 between 2015 and 2019. Rates were higher for females than males for subarachnoid haemorrhage, pulmonary embolism and cerebral venous thrombosis, and vice versa for ischaemic stroke and intracerebral haemorrhage. Rates increased with age for most of these conditions, but idiopathic thrombocytopaenia demonstrated a bimodal distribution with incidence peaks at 0–19 years and ≥60 years.ConclusionsOur estimated background rates help contextualise observed events of these potential adverse events of special interest and to detect potential safety signals related to COVID-19 vaccines.
Can SBAR be implemented with high fidelity and does it improve communication between healthcare workers? A systematic review
Authors: Lo Lisha , Rotteau Leahora , Shojania Kaveh 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveTo characterise the extent to which health professionals perform SBAR (situation, background, assessment, recommendation) as intended (ie, with high fidelity) and the extent to which its use improves communication clarity or other quality measures.Data sourcesMedline, Healthstar, PsycINFO, Embase and CINAHL to October 2020 and handsearching selected journals.Study selection and outcome measuresEligible studies consisted of controlled trials and time series, including simple before-after design, assessing SBAR implementation fidelity or the effects of SBAR on communication clarity or other quality measures (eg, safety climate, patient outcomes).Data extraction and synthesisTwo reviewers independently abstracted data according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses on study features, intervention details and study outcomes. We characterised the magnitude of improvement in outcomes as small (<20% relative increase), moderate (20%–40%) or large (>40%).ResultsTwenty-eight studies (3 randomised controlled trials, 6 controlled before-after studies, and 19 uncontrolled before-after studies) met inclusion criteria. Of the nine studies assessing fidelity of SBAR use, four occurred in classroom settings and three of these studies reported large improvements. The five studies assessing fidelity in clinical settings reported small to moderate effects. Among eight studies measuring communication clarity, only three reported large improvements and two of these occurred in classroom settings. Among the 17 studies reporting impacts on quality measures beyond communication, over half reported moderate to large improvements. These improvements tended to involve measures of teamwork and culture. Improvements in patient outcomes occurred only with intensive multifaceted interventions (eg, early warning scores and rapid response systems).ConclusionsHigh fidelity uptake of SBAR and improvements in communication clarity occurred predominantly in classroom studies. Studies in clinical settings achieving impacts beyond communication typically involved broader, multifaceted interventions. Future efforts to improve communication using SBAR should first confirm high fidelity uptake in clinical settings rather than assuming this has occurred.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018111377.
Femoroacetabular translation in female athletes and dancers assessed by dynamic hip ultrasonography
Authors: Scott Charles P , d'Hemecourt Pierre A , Miller Patricia E , Sugimoto Dai , Jackson Sarah S , Kobelski Greggory P , Whitney Kristin E , Stracciolini Andrea 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveTo compare femoroacetabular (FA) translation between dancers and athletes with hip pain and between dancers with and without hip pain.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 171 female athletes and dancers with hip pain underwent dynamic hip ultrasound (DHUS) of FA translation in three positions: neutral (N), neutral with contralateral hip flexion (NF), apprehension position with contralateral hip flexion (EER-F). Multivariable linear regression analysis was used to assess variation in FA translation between dancers and athletes in the presence of age, Beighton score/hypermobility, BMI, radiographic markers of acetabular dysplasia and femoral version angles. Symptomatic dancers were matched to asymptomatic dancer controls on age, height and BMI, and comparison analyses of FA translation were conducted controlling for matched propensity score and Beighton score.ResultsIn the symptomatic cohort, dancers were younger, had higher Beighton scores and were more hypermobile than non-dancers. Dancers also showed greater NF, EER-F and max US–min US (delta) compared with non-dancers (mean 5.4 mm vs 4.4 mm, p=0.02; mean 6.3 mm vs 5.2 mm, p=0.01; 4.2 mm vs 3.6 mm, p=0.03, respectively). Symptomatic dancers showed greater NF and EER-F compared with asymptomatic dancers (mean 5.5 mm vs 2.9 mm, p<0.001; mean 6.3 mm vs 4.2 mm, p<0.001, respectively). Comparison of symptomatic dancers with and without hip dysplasia showed no difference in DHUS measurements.ConclusionDHUS measurements of FA translation are greater in female dancers with hip pain relative to female non-dancer athletes with hip pain and asymptomatic female dancers.