bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and Imaging Features of The Ovarian Cystadenofibroma or Adenofibroma and Their Correlation With Pathological Findings
Authors: liu li , Wang Jie , Li Qingshu , Zhang Zhiwei , Zhao Ling , Wang Haiyan , Zhou Hongliang , Liu Lili , Li Qi , Li Yongmei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose

To improve the accuracy of the preoperative diagnosis of ovarian cystadenofibroma (CAF) or adenofibroma (AF).
Methods

Clinical symptoms, laboratory results, imaging features, and pathological results of 11 patients with 11 histologically proven ovarian CAF/AF were reviewed retrospectively. The computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of the tumor including location, number, size, internal characteristics, CT density or MRI signal intensity, enhancement performance, lymphadenopathy, and amount of ascites were comprehensively evaluated.
Results

With regard to the clinical findings, results of serum cancer antigen 125 (CA125), cancer antigen 199 (CA199), and other laboratory tests were normal in most cases (81.8%, 9/11). The imaging features of the 11 lesions were as follows: unilateral occurrence, well-defined boundary, round or roundish, unilocular (63.6%, 7/11), cystic mass (81.8%, 9/11), multilocular (27.3%, 3/11), black sponge sign (18.2%, 2/11), carpet sign (81.8%, 9/11), residual ovary sign (45.5%, 5/11), papillary nodule clusters (45.5%, 5/11), and small vesicle with an acute angle to the inner cyst wall (18.2%, 2/11). The signal intensity of the solid component was isointense or hypointense on T2-weighted imaging and hypo intense on diffusion-weighted imaging. The CT value of the lesions ranged from 21 Hounsfield units (Hu) to 45 Hu. A slight to moderate enhancement degree occurred in more than half of the lesions (54.5%, 6/11). No or a small amount of ascites was present in these cases. Histologic examination revealed SCAF (45.5%, 5/11), SAF (27.3%, 3/11), and borderline CAF/AF (27.3%, 3/11). No necrosis, hemorrhage, or calcification was observed in any of these masses.
Conclusion

Ovarian CAF/AF usually mimics malignancy, demonstrating a cystic mass combined with solid component on CT or MR images. The integrity of case data including laboratory results and imaging features can help radiologists make an accurate preoperative diagnosis. No or a small amount of ascites may narrow the differential diagnosis.
Modal Gain Characteristics of A Two-section InGaAs/GaAs Double Quantum Well Passively Mode-locked Laser with Asymmetric Waveguide
Authors: Zhongliang Qiao , Li Xiang , Sia Brian , Wang Wanjun , Wang Hong , Li Zaijin , Zhao Zhibin , Li Lin , Gao Xin , Bo Baoxue , Qu Yi , Liu Guojin , Chongyang Liu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Monolithic two-section InGaAs/GaAs double quantum well (DQW) passively mode-locked lasers (MLLs) with asymmetric waveguide, concluding the layers of P-doped AlGaAs waveguide and no-doped InGaAsP waveguide, emitting at ∼1.06µm, with a fundamental repetition rate at ∼19.56GHz have been demonstrated. Modal gain characteristics, such as a gain bandwidth and a gain peak wavelength of the MLL, as a function of the saturable absorber (SA) bias voltage (Va) as well as the injection current of gain section (Ig), were investigated by the Hakki-Paoli method. With the increase of Va, the lasing wavelength and net modal gain peak of the MLL both exhibited red-shifts to longer wavelength significantly, while the modal gain bandwidth was compressed. Both the net modal gain bandwidth and gain peak of the MLL followed a polynomial distribution versus the reverse bias at the absorber section. In addition, for the first time, it was found that Va had an obvious effect on the differential gain of the MLL.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells-derived Exosomal miR-148a-3p Alleviates Atrial Fibrosis and Vulnerability to Atrial Fibrillation Through Targeting ALK5/Smad2 Axis
Authors: Zhang Daoliang , Wang Qian , Liu Jie , Zou Guangchen , Jiang Shili , Liu Wenbo , Han Huirong , Zhang Liye , Zhang Rui , Sun Qijuan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Aims: Atrial fibrosis is the hallmark of atrial fibrillation (AF). Accumulating evidence have shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can alleviate fibrosis in diverse organs. However, the role of MSCs-derived exosome (MSCs-Exo) in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrosis and vulnerability to AF was unknown.Methods: Exosomes were isolated from cultured MSCs. Transmission electron microscopy and western blot were used to examine the purity of MSCs-Exo. 8-week-old BALB/c mice were randomized into sham group, angiotensin-II (Ang-II) group, and Ang-II+MSCs-Exo group. A mini-pump was implanted for subcutaneous infusion of Ang-II for 4 weeks to induce atrial fibrosis. In the Ang-II+MSCs-Exo group, 300μg/150μl MSCs-Exo were injected into tail veins twice a week after establishing the animal model. Echocardiography was used to evaluate heart structure and function. Intracardiac electric stimuli was used to analyze AF inducibility. Masson staining was used to evaluate the degree of atrial fibrosis. Ang-II-induced proliferation, migration, phenotypic switching and the capacity of extracellular matrix synthesis were examined after MSCs-Exo preconditioning. We reanalyzed two public expression datasets of MSCs-Exo and selected a few most highly expressed microRNAs. After literature search and experimental validation, we narrowed down our candidates to miR-148a-3p. Then, we predicted the potential target genes of miR-148a-3p, and determined ALK5 and SMAD2 as the targets of miR-148a-3p. Western blot was used to quantify Ang-II-induced protein expressions of TGF-β1/ALK5/SMAD2 pathway in fibroblasts after exposure to miR-148a-3p-rich MSCs-Exo.Results: Compared with mice in Ang-II group, mice in Ang-II+MSCs-Exo group showed less atrial enlargement, atrial fibrosis, a lower AF inducibility and AF duration. Ang-II-induced proliferation, migration, phenotypic switching, and capacity of extracellular matrix synthesis were ameliorated in fibroblasts after co-incubation with MSCs-Exo. After exposure to miR-148a-3p inhibitor, MSCs derived Exosomes (MSCs-148a-3p inhibitor-Exo) can significantly reverse above phenomenon. As the targets of miR-148a-3p, the expressions of ALK5 and Smad2 were lower in Ang-II+MSCs-Exo group compared with the Ang-II group. Furthermore, MSCs-Exo treatment inhibited Ang-II-induced activation of TGF-β1/ALK5/Smad2 pathway, and MSCs-148a-3p inhibitor -Exo reverse above phenomenon.Conclusions: MSCs-Exo can alleviate Ang-II induced atrial fibrosis and AF vulnerability through transferring miRNA-148a-3p to inhibit the activation of TGF-β1/ALK5/Smad2 pathway, providing a new avenue to AF treatment.
Biodegradable Mesoporous Manganese Carbonate Nanocomposites for LED Light-Driven Cancer Therapy via Enhancing Photodynamic Therapy and Attenuating Survivin Expression
Authors: Li Lihua , Chen Lingling , Huang Ling , Ye Xiangling , Lin Zefeng , Wei Xiaoming , Yang Xianfeng , Yang Zhongmin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most daunting diseases, and low toxicity and efficient approaches are in urgent demand. Herein, we developed degradable mesoporous manganese carbonate nanocubes (MnCO3 NCs), incorporated with survivin shRNA-expressing plasmid DNA (iSur-pDNA) and riboflavin (Rf), namely MRp NCs, for synergistic TNBC therapy. The MnCO3, itself, could generate O2 and CO2 under H2O2 and thus improve the hypoxia and acidic tumor microenvironment (TME). Furthermore, the MnCO3 NCs exhibited high Rf loading capacity and iSur-pDNA delivery ability after polyethyleneimine modification. Specifically, MRp NCs decompose in TME, meanwhile they deprived the endogenous expression of survivin gene and significantly amplified the generation of reactive oxygen species after exposure to LED light, resulting in serious tumor destruction. The multifunctional MRp NCs with LED light-driven characters are able to provide a high efficiency, low toxicity and promising strategy for TNBC therapy.
Validation of Reference Genes for Quantitative Real-time PCR in Diaphanosoma Celebensis: For Chemical Exposure Conditions and Different Ages
Authors: Lee Young-Mi , In Soyeon , Kim Se-Joo , Won Eun-Ji , Cho Hayoung , Kim Ryeo-Ok 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), a primary approach for evaluating gene expression, requires an appropriate normalization strategy to rule out variations in gene expression among samples. The best option is to use a reference gene whose expression level is stable across various experimental conditions to compare the mRNA levels of a target gene. However, there is limited information on how the reference gene is differentially expressed at different ages (growth) in small invertebrates with notable changes such as molting. In this study, expression profiles of nine candidate reference genes from the brackish water flea, Diaphanosoma celebensis, were evaluated under diverse exposure to toxicants and according to growth. As a result, four different algorithms showed similar stabilities of genes for chemical exposures in the case of limited conditions using the same developmental stage (e.g., adult), while the results according to age showed a significantly different pattern in suite of candidate reference genes. This affected the results of genes EcRA and GST, which are involved in development and detoxification mechanisms, respectively. Our finding is the first step towards establishing a standardized real-time qRT-PCR analysis of this environmentally important invertebrate that has potential for aquatic ecotoxicology, particularly in estuarine environments.
The Evaluation of Conventional MRI, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, and Arterial Spin Labeling Imaging for Early Brain Damage Caused by Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Wu Zhiwei , Chang Yue , Song Ziyang , Ma Mengya , Liu Yuanqing , Tian Weizhong , Zhang Yi , Dai Hui 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the early bilirubin-induced neurologic dysfunction (BIND) by T1 weighted imaging (T1WI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and arterial spin labeling (ASL).Methods: Forty newborns: hyperbilirubinemia with BIND (BIND group, n=13), hyperbilirubinemia without BIND (non-BIND group, n=17), and healthy newborns (HC group, n=10). The MRI parameters of globus pallidus were measured, including the T1WI signal values from conventional MRI, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), the fractional anisotropy (FA), relative anisotropy (RA) and volume ratio (VR) value from DTI, and the relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) value from ASL. The group differences were analyzed by ANOVA with Bonferroni correction. The diagnosis efficiencies were assessed by the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). The correlation between those parameters and serum bilirubin level was evaluated by Pearson’s correlation coefficient.Results: 1）The mean signal values of globus pallidus on T1WI and DTI parameters were significantly different among the groups (p < 0.05). The difference in T1WI between the non-BIND group and the BIND group was not significant (p >0.05). The rCBF of globus pallidus was not significantly different among the three groups (p > 0.05). 2) The T1WI, FA, and RA values were positively while the VR value was negatively correlated with serum bilirubin level (r =0.763, 0.585, 0.586, -0.544 respectively, p < 0.05). The ADC value and rCBF were not correlated with serum bilirubin (r = -0.050, -0.275 respectively, p > 0.05). 3) The area under curve (AUC) of T1WI, FA, RA, VR was 0.953, 0.897, 0.897, 0.860 respectively. And the AUC of the diagnosis method, combined T1WI, FA, RA and VR, was 0.987.Conclusion: The index, combined T1WI and DTI parameters, was important for diagnosing early hyperbilirubinemia brain injury. ASL might not have function on diagnosing early hyperbilirubinemia brain injure.
First-Principles Predictions on Structural Stability, Electronic, Optical, and Thermal Properties of Semiconductors GaNxAs1-x: Materials for Futuristic Optoelectronic Energy Devices
Authors: Gagui Souheyla , Ghemid Sebti , Meradji Hocine , Zaidi Beddiaf , Haq Bakhtiar Ul , Ahmed Rashid , Hadjoudja Bouzid , Chouial Baghdadi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The knowledge of the physical properties of a material is crucial to realize its practical technological applications.Here, a study related to phase stability, transition pressure, electronic, optical,and thermal propertiesof GaAs, GaN, as well as their mixed ternary alloys GaN0.25As0.75, GaN0.5As0.5, andGaN0.75As0.25 is presented. The study is performed by employing "full-potential linearized augmented-plane-wave plus local-orbital, (FP-L(APW+lo))approach framed within density functional theory (DFT)" and recognized within WIEN2k computational code. The results of the phase stability show that the GaNxAs1-x alloys are stable for all compositions in the zinc blendephase (B3),except for x=1,, whereas the structure corresponding to x=1 composition is found to be more stable inthe wurtzite (B4) phase. The physicalproperties of the more stable phases corresponding to each composition are explored. The pressure-induced phase transition is also investigatedcorresponding to each composition. The electronic and optical properties are investigated using the Tran-Blahamodified Becke-Johnson (mBJ) potential approach. To explore the thermal properties, the "quasi-harmonic Debye model" approach is employed. Our calculated results of the absorption coefficients and optical band gap show that these alloys could be appropriate candidates for applications in solar cell and optoelectronic devices.
Near-atomic size highly positive silver nanoparticles are bactericidal targeting cell wall and adherent fimbriae expression
Authors: Pokhrel Lok , Jacobs Zachary , Dikin Dmitriy , Akula Shaw 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
To tackle growing antibiotic resistance (AR) and hospital-acquired infections (HAIs), novel antimicrobials are warranted that are effective against HAIs and safer for human use. We hypothesize that near-atomic size positively charged silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) could specifically target bacterial cell wall and adherent fimbriae expression, serving as the next generation antimicrobial agent. Herein we show positively charged, 5 nm NH2–AgNPs were bactericidal; negatively charged, 45 nm Citrate–AgNPs were nontoxic; and Ag+ ions were bacteriostatic forming honeycomb-like potentially resistant phenotype, at 10µg Ag/mL in E. coli dh5a. Further, adherent fimbriae were expressed with Citrate–AgNPs, whereas NH2–AgNPs (0.5–10µg/mL) or Ag+ ions (10µg/mL) inhibited fimbriae expression. Potent bactericidal effects demonstrated by biocompatible NH2–AgNPs and the lack of toxicity of Citrate–AgNPs lend credence to the hypothesis that near-atomic size, positively charged AgNPs may serve as a next-generation antibacterial agent, potentially addressing the rising HAIs and patient health and safety.
Factors Influencing Warm Ischemia Time in Robot-assisted Partial Nephrectomy Change Depending on the Surgeon’s Experience
Authors: Numakura Kazuyuki , Kobayashi Mizuki , Koizumi Atsushi , Kashima Soki , Yamamoto Ryohei , Nara Taketoshi , Saito Mitsuru , Narita Shintaro , Inoue Takamitsu , Habuchi Tomonori 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Warm ischemia time (WIT) is a primary concern for robot-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (RALPN) patients because longer WIT is significantly associated with postoperative deteriorating kidney function. Tumor complexity, determined by the RENAL nephrometry score (RENAL score), can help predict surgical outcomes, but it is unclear what RENAL score and clinical factors affect WIT. This study explored the clinical factors predicting long WIT in RALPN.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In our institute, 174 RALPNs were performed between November 2013 and February 2021, of which 114 were performed by a single surgeon and included in this study. Clinical staging and the total RENAL score were determined based on preoperative CT scans. The cases were divided into three groups based on experience: period 1: 1–38, period 2: 39–76, and period 3: 77–114. The clinical factors associated with longer WIT were analyzed per period. RESULTS: The overall median tumor diameter was 32 mm, and one patient had a positive surgical margin, but there were no cancer-related deaths. In total, there were 18 complications (15.8 %). Periods 2 and 3 had larger tumor diameters (p<0.01) and worse preoperative kidney function (p=0.029) than period 1. A RENAL L-component score of 3 was associated with longer WIT in period 3 (odds ratio: 3.900; 95 % confidence interval: 1.004–15.276; p = 0.044), but the tumor diameter and the total RENAL score were not.CONCLUSIONS: A large tumor in the central lesion indicated by the RENAL L-component score was associated with increased WIT in RALPN.
Modulation of Spin-Torque Ferromagnetic Resonance with a Nanometer-Thick Platinum by Ionic Gating
Authors: Ohshima Ryo , Kohsaka Yuto , Ando Yuichiro , Shinjo Teruya , Shiraishi Masashi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The spin Hall effect (SHE) and inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE) have played central roles in modern condensed matter physics especially in spintronics and spin-orbitronics, and much effort has been paid to fundamental and application-oriented research towards the discovery of novel spin-orbit physics and the creation of novel spintronic devices. However, studies on gate-tunability of such spintronics devices have been limited, because most of them are made of metallic materials, where the high bulk carrier densities hinder the tuning of physical properties by gating. Here, we show an experimental demonstration of the gate-tunable spin-orbit torque in Pt/Ni80Fe20 (Py) devices by controlling the SHE using nanometer-thick Pt with low carrier densities and ionic gating. The Gilbert damping parameter of Py and the spin-memory loss at the Pt/Py interface were modulated by ionic gating to Pt, which are compelling results for the successful tuning of spin-orbit interaction in Pt.
3D Printed Templates Improve the Accuracy and Safety of Pedicle Screw Placement in the Treatment of Pediatric Congenital Scoliosis
Authors: Cao Jun , Zhang Xuejun , Liu Haonan , Yao Ziming , Bai Yunsong , Guo Dong , Feng Lei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Three-dimensional (3-D) printed guidance templates are being increasingly used in spine surgery. The purpose of this study was to determine if 3D printed navigation templates can improve the accuracy of pedicle screw placement and decrease the complication rate compared to freehand screw placement in the treatment of children with congenital scoliosis. Methods: The records of pediatric patients with congenital scoliosis treated at our hospital from January 2017 to January 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into those where a 3D printed guidance templated was used and those in which the freehand method was used for pedicle screw placement. The accuracy rate of pedicle screw placement, surgical outcomes, and complications were compared between groups.Results: A total of 67 children with congenital scoliosis were included (43 males and 24 females; mean age of 4.13 ± 2.66 years; range, 2-15 years). There were 34 children in the template-assisted group and 33 in the freehand group. The excellent accuracy rate of pedicle screw placement was significantly higher in the template-assisted group (96.10% vs. 88.64%, P = 0.007). The main Cobb angle and kyphosis angle were similar between the 2 groups preoperatively and postoperatively (all, P > 0.05), and in both groups both angles were significantly decreased after surgery as compared to the preoperative values (all, P < 0.001). The degree of change of the Cobb angle of the main curve and kyphosis angle were not significantly different between the 2 groups. There were no postoperative complications in the template group and 4 in the freehand group (0% vs. 12.12%; P = 0.009). All 4 patients with complications required revision surgery.
Single probes of Fe3O4 Nanorods on textile dye degradation in waste-water treatment
Authors: Mohan S. , Ravikumar K. , Shanmugam V. , Elangovan K. , Devan M. Vishnu , Raj Marnadu , Silambarasan M. , Somaily H.H. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The process of removing cancer-causing colours from modern effluents before releasing them into water sources such as rivers, lakes, and groundwater has become standard. Traditional waste-water treatment systems have such great difficulties in eliminating these contaminants. The current one is a unique flavonoids synthesis employing Fe3O4 nanorods that have been utilized as photocatalytic to degrade material color in the watery stage using noticeable light illumination. Flavonoids@Fe3O4 nanorods were blended by green methodology. The vanishing of the ultra-violet (UV) retention top that appeared at 581 nm affirmed the evacuation of the Methyl violet color. Following 60 minutes of duration, the dramatic color elimination by Fe3O4 nanorod was noticed to be 97 percent. The findings demonstrate that the Fe3O4 nanorods made using the green approach are immensely beneficial in the photocatalytic destruction of hazardous pollutants.
Uncovering the Competences of Commonly Used Nutrient Media, Multi-primer Approach and Reference Databases in the Identification of Microalgae Diversity from Environmental Samples
Authors: Badr Amal A. , Fouad Walid M. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Microalgae are highly diverse microorganisms and have a variety of benefits and use across different fields. On the other hand, their overgrowth can be extremely dangerous to our environment, thus, making it particularly important to continuously manage and track their abundance and diversity to oversee any potential of extinction or overgrowth. The vast diversity of microalgae imposes the challenge of their identification through the most common and economical identification method, morphological identification, and the more recent molecular-level identification tools. To enhance the identification of microalgae, we targeted enrichment of total microalgae diversity present in an environmental sample using four different enrichment media (BG-11, BBM, Modified media (MM), and half-strength Murashige and Skoog medium (MS)). Morphological identification of the enriched microalgae diversity was conducted every 4-days to monitor the population dynamics. After 14-day the DNA was extracted from the enriched population for molecular-level identification using 16S rRNA gene regions V1-V3 and V4-V5 and 18 rRNA gene V4 region. To further enhance microalgae identification through molecular-level identification, we evaluated three reference databases (SILVA, Greengenes, and Protist Ribosomal Reference (PR2)) to reveal their competence in microalgae diversity identification. A total of 38 microalgae were identified morphologically to the genus level, and the highest number of microalgae were identified through MM media (36), followed by BG-11 and BBM, 31 and 26, respectively. While sequencing the three-primer sets using the three databases, 87 microalgae were identified to the genus level. The highest diversity was identified using the MM media (71 genera) followed by BG-11 (69 genera), BBM (67 genera). Our multiple-media, primer, and reference database approach enabled us to identify a high microalgae diversity that would have been missed if a single approach was used over the other.