bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of application Impressed Current Cathodic Protection design on the jetty steel structure to corrosion control
Authors: Hakim B L , Subawi H , Taptajani D S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper discusses the case study of the impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) system for jetty of barge loading conveyor (BLC). This impressed current cathodic protection system is corrosion mitigation using an inert anode and an electrical device: rectifier, voltmeter, DC source on the BLC structure, and jetty pile to provide accelerated corrosion protection to parts of the pipe submerged in seawater. In this study, a mapping of the service distribution of inert anode carried out so that it can protect the BLC structure and the pile. The results of the measurement of the structure potential and impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) at BLC jetty considered to meet the protection criteria according to ISO 15589-2: 2012 standards. The obtained measurement results are in the range between -842 mV to -1197 mV (Ag/AgCl). The results of inspections and measurement of the output of the transformer rectifier show the total output current is safe.
Wood fiber modelling using stochastic models
Authors: Afrianti Y S , Pasaribu U S , Latief F D E , Ardy H 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Various kinds of materials such as iron, wood, and concrete are very useful in human life. For example, the wood fiber can be used in building construction such as wall, roof, floor, as well as automotive interior. The design process of such materials is therefore still continuously researched and developed in order to create high quality products. To avoid excessive costs, it is essential to establish a non-destructive design technique of the macroscopic material. In this paper, the design technique of fibrous material using computer based modelling (virtual material design) as the realization of stochastic models will be investigated. In this model, the fiber can be stated as either a dilated curved lines, a chain of balls or cylinders with different cross-section. In this research, we will focus to investigate the image of Medium Density Fiber (MDF). It will be modelled as cylinders using the Poisson cylinder process with a rectangular cross-section. We also use Euler rotation and β-distribution to determine the position and orientation of the fibers in the system. Simulation software was conducted to verify the model. The result showed that the realization of fibers model is similar to the image of the wood fibers sample.
Study of pressure behaviour of a well near two intersecting faults
Authors: Fathaddin M T , Trihutomo F , Nugrahanti A , Bae W 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA pressure builds up test was performed in a dry gas exploration well. According to geological data indicated that there are two intersecting faults near the well. The analysis result provided not only information of the reservoir characteristics such as average reservoir pressure, permeability, and formation damage, but also confirmation of the presence of those two intersecting faults. In this study, a reservoir simulator was used to model pressure build up test of a well located near two intersecting faults. The effect of several parameters namely the distance between well to the faults, flow rate, and reservoir pressure, on bottom hole pressure behaviour was observed. The simulation results showed that the effect of variation of the distance between well and faults as well as that of reservoir pressure on estimation of permeability and skin factor is not significant. While, the variation of flow rate may result in a significant deviation. If a constant flow rate cannot be maintained during flowing period of the pressure build up test.
Compaction of soil materials using kaolinite soil with concrete waste mix
Authors: Hutama K Y , Candra A I , Kamalika M , Pramudya H D , Pratiwi E N , Rahma A , Nurzi I 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Constructions of buildings above ground level Clay is one of the most common problems in construction in many parts of the world. Soil is a basic element of construction work, both roads, and buildings. Unstable soil can cause damage that occurs on the road, such as a bumpy road surface, This land problem is not limited to surface movement, but it covers the whole, such as depreciation and soil development. Compaction is done to reduce the volume of soil grains. Soil compaction aims to increase the weight of dry volume, reduce soil subsidence, reduce soil plasticity, reduce volume changes as a result of changes in water content. This research, a standard proctor test, was carried out by adding concrete waste to the clay. Addition [1] of concrete waste with variations of 5%, 10%, 20%, obtained dry weight (1.58), (1.65), (1.61). The research showed that the addition of 10% of concrete waste obtained an optimum dry weight of 1.65 with a moisture content of 10%.
Failure investigation of Reheat Cross Section and Rear Screen Wall Tubes of 600 MW coal power plant
Authors: Nugraha A D , Sitanggang R B , Supriyanto E 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Tube material that is operated at high temperatures has a higher possibility of failure, due to the addition of temperature and also influenced by the corrosive environment, pressure, and static-dynamic stress. The rupture occurred in the Rear Screen Wall and Reheat Cross Section Tubes that disruptive the performance of the overall Boiler. It was urgently needed to analyze the cause of the rupture. The material tube needs to be prepared to test in the laboratory. The analysis methods were through mechanical tests which are visual observation, fractography, hardness test, metallography or microstructure examination, and deposit analysis. The results showed that the Reheater Cross Section tube leakage caused by the formation of macro cracks that have been spread along the tube, compounded by flue gas erosion on the outer of the tube. On the other hand, Rear Screen Wall tube leakage caused by thinning from the outside of the tube, it occurred as a result of erosion of the flue gas and bursts from the Reheater Cross Section tube that leaked.
Effect of use of co-surfactant with thermal stability
Authors: Vindy F S , Setiati R , Syahnoedi U , Alli Y F 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Co-surfactants have an important role to increase oil and reduce the tension between the interface of oil and water. The purpose of this research use of co-surfactants and thermal stability at the laboratory scale. The surfactants used in this study are ABS, MES and SCI with a concentration of 0.3%. The ingredients used were Aquades, NaCL and EGBE. The equipment used in the thermal stability test was the Oven. The thermal stability testing was carried out by the surfactant for 30 days then heated at a temperature of 60°C according to reservoir conditions. Success in testing thermal stability considers compatibility with thermal stability. ABS surfactant on day 1 contained an oil layer while for days 3 to 30 the compatibility was clear and the IFT value obtained was 10-2 dyne/cm. SCI surfactant observation day 3 and 7 day compatibility oil layer so it doesnt resistance to heat stability while on days 1 to 30 the compatibility is clear and the IFT value obtained is 10-2 dyne/cm. MES surfactant observations from day 1 to day 30 obtained a compatible solution and the resulting IFT value is 10-2 dyne/cm but 21 day observation the IFT value obtained is 10−3 dyne/cm. So the surfactant compatible with the use of co-surfactants can affect thermal stability.
Slope stability analysis using bishop method and kinematic analysis
Authors: Nasution S N , Rachman S , Pramudito H 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Mining activity, especially open-pit mining, has caused an effect on the nearby environment. One of the most visible impacts caused by mining activity is the change in the nearby landscape. Steep slopes are common in open-pit mining area, thus the chance of landslides happening is high. To determine areas that are prone to landslides, the analysis of slope stability in the mining area is deemed necessary. “Bishop” methodology is used to determine the safety factor (SF) with the aid of “Rocscience Slide” software using “Mohr-Coulomb” strength type, with weight, cohesion, and friction angle as units in the parameter. And then a kinematic analysis is done by Stereonet projection in “Dips” software to determine the type of landslide. The safety factor value gained from the calculation is 1.112, and then after the treatment of slopes has been done, the safety factor value increases to 1.772, when referring to the bowless classification, which SF value> 1.25, it can be said that this slope is in a stable condition. After kinematic analysis had been done the type of landslide determined is “Wedge”. So it can be concluded that the slope on the east side of the pit is not safe, with a possibility of a Wedge type landslide occurring. But by changing its geometry we can produce a Safety Factor value that is considered safe.
A paper based colorimeter using smartphone light sensor
Authors: Nuryantini A Y , Nuryadin B W , Umairoh U 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A paper-based colorimeter for absorbance and concentration measurement of the food colouring dye is proposed. The paper-based colorimeter system consists of a white LED as light source, paper-based cuvette holder, and smartphone light sensor. The paper-based colorimeter with smartphone light sensor is low-cost, mobile and real-time for the detection of colouring dye concentration. The detection response of the paper-based colorimeter system was found to be linear with the colouring dye concentration in the range from 0 to 0.025 g/mL with a correlation coefficient (R2) 0.89±0.04. The experimental results show that this paper-based colorimeter system is highly sensitive and have a potential application, from student labs to small industries.
Absorbance dependence of ZnO thin films on post-heating temperature
Authors: Sugihartono I , Putri A R , Tiam T S , Cahyana U , Handoko E , Budi S , Fahdiran R , Rustana C , Susila A B , Budi E 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We have prepared ZnO thin films on indium tin oxide (ITO) glasses using dip-coating at room temperature. Post-heating has been performed by different temperatures i.e. 450 °C, 500 °C, 550 °C, and 600 °C under atmosphere ambient. The effect of post-heating temperature on the structural properties and absorbance of ZnO thin films have been investigated. Structurally, we observed ZnO thin films under a post-heating temperature of 450 °C, 500 °C, and 550 °C have polycrystalline hexagonal wurtzite structure. Meanwhile, at the temperature of 600 °C, it has an amorphous structure. Optical absorbance spectra of ZnO thin films confirmed that amorphous structure has the highest intensity compared to polycrystalline hexagonal wurtzite structure.
Microstructural and mechanical characteristic of ceramic composite coating developed by electrophoretic deposition
Authors: Desiati R D , Anawati A , Sugiarti E 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Ceramic-composite coating consisted of Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ), Fe2O3 and aluminum powder has been successfully formed on Inconel 625 substrate by electrophoretic deposition (EPD). The coating density depends not only on the stability of the EPD suspension but also on the applied voltage. In the present study, a single stage voltage treatment at 60V and a two-stage voltage treatment at 30V followed by 60V of the EPD were used. A fresh green body of ceramic coating was dried at room temperature for 24 hours prior to heat-treated at temperature of 1200 °C for 4 hours with heating rate of 2°C/min using horizontal heated furnace under argon gas inert. The effect of single- and two-stage treatments on the microstructural and mechanical hardness of the coating were investigated by Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy and Vickers hardness test, respectively. The elemental composition of the coating was analysed by Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy and the crystalline phases were identified by x-ray diffractometer. The results showed that a less porous structure, and therefore, higher hardness was observed on the coating formed by a two-stage voltage than that of resulting from a single-stage voltage. The crystalline phase formed on the coatings was dominated by a tetragonal phase of ZrO2.
Student perceptions on air conditioning practicum services in vocational education
Authors: Berman E T , Hamidah I , Mulyanti B , Setiawan A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study aims to determine student perceptions of air conditioning practicum services in vocational education. The scope of practicum services study is laboratory facilities, human resources, and laboratory support components. This study uses survey methods to obtain data and quantitative descriptive methods to analyze data. The type of data in this study is mainly based on the responses of respondents representing the population of refrigeration and air conditioning study programs at a vocational education institution in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. The results show that laboratories in vocational education can serve air conditioning practicum with good results. This study shows that laboratory facilities, human resources, and laboratory support components in vocational education can accommodate the implementation of air conditioning practices. In general, students stated that air conditioning practicum activities in the laboratory could be carried out well, even though the ratio between the number of equipment and students was still low and the evaluation of practicum activities was not yet comprehensive.
Investigation of the draft tube variations against the first stage and the second stage flow of banki turbine
Authors: Sirojuddin S , Wardhana L K , Kholil A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Cross Flow Turbine usually for micro hydro-electrical power plant application especially for isolated areas. Increasing power efficiency still the most interesting topic for researches. One of the method to increase it was to control the inflow of water from the first stage to the second stage of banki blades to be a good flow trajectory and did not strike the shaft using a draft tube. This research aimed to investigate the draft tube length variations against the flow from the first stage to the second stage of Banki turbine, so that good flow trajectory, uniform color velocity contour and avoid shaft struck could be obtained. There were 2 variants runner casing and 3 variants length of draft tube, 140 mm, 240 mm, and 340 mm. The 2D and 3D geometry were drawn in CAD software, while Flow Simulation test using Solidwork Flow Simulation with a discharge of water 2 m3/min and head 5.5 m. From simulation results, shown that the second variant C2-2 was the highest efficiency and the best flow trajectory.
Dehydrogenation of ammonia for electricity production: Effect of recirculation fraction
Authors: Juangsa F B , Darmanto P S , Aziz M 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHydrogen (H2) has been widely studied as a promising energy carrier. However, H2 has a challenging technology in the storage and transportation. Since, it is a critical technology for H2 energy system implementation, the H2 storage and transportation is remain to be solved. This work proposes an integrated system of energy utilization of ammonia (NH3), which has been known as one of the promising methods of H2 storage. The system includes the decomposition of ammonia (NH3) through thermo-catalytic process and also power generation process using H2 as fuel. The heat generated from oxy-fuel combustion of H2 is utilized to supply the thermal energy required for the endothermic process of NH3 decomposition, and the remaining heat is converted to electricity by a combined cycle. A portion of exhaust gas is recirculated to the combustion chamber, and the heat circulation of the system is designed and optimized based on enhanced process integration (EPI), resulting in a highly efficient system. The result shows an optimum configuration of the integrated system with a recirculation fraction of 0.5-0.55, which is resulting in high system efficiency of 51.4%. The proposed work demonstrated an integrated system of H2-based energy utilization of NH3 with CO2-free while maintaining a highly efficient system.
Stress distribution analysis for material and design optimization of 500 Watt wind turbine
Authors: Aditama F , Rahmanta M A , Oka B 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Wind turbine blade with capacity 500 Watt was chosen to be developed with consideration it is easy in making and installation so that it is suitable for use in remote areas. This blade is made with wood, fiberglass, and fibercarbon. To find out the performance and reliability of wind turbine blades, it is necessary to do prototype testing of wind turbine rotor blade aerofoil in wind tunnel. However, there are concern of damage to the prototype because the power of the aerofoil material is not yet known to withstand the maximum load arising from the velocity of the air flow. Therefore, to determine the maximum limit of air velocity, it is necessary to do a non-destructive study with a fluid dynamics simulation method based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The simulation is focused on the blades of the wind turbine which are subjected to air flow (wind) with varying speeds. In this study numerical simulations of fluid dynamics is run around the turbine blades to obtain data on the distribution of forces and moments acting on the turbine blades, at various prices of wind speed. The results of the study resulted the value of the lift coefficient and the drag coefficient is relatively constant at all variations of speed. Large drag and lift forces on the blades increase with increasing wind speed. Likewise, the deflection moment increases with increasing wind speed. Drag force on the bar is greater than the lift force which means the deflection moment due to drag force is greater than the deflection moment due to the lift force. Pressure coefficient values vary along the blade with the maximum value in front of the blade surface and the minimum value behind the blade surface. The value obtained from the simulation combined with material testing then can be used as a reference value in wind tunnel testing.
The performance of wire mesh particulate type trap to reduce smoke opacity from compression-ignition engine
Authors: Warju W , Muliatna I M , Susila I W , Ariyanto S R , Nurtanto M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Soot, as a material that forms PM emissions, is generally composed of solid carbon particles resulting from combustion. The PM is then managed by absorbed and condensed organic composition. PM is a hazardous emission for health, especially a very subtle one like PM 2.5. This type of PM can enter without passing through filtering in the respiratory system so that it can interfere with the function of the function in the gas exchange. One of the technologies offered is a diesel particulate trap (DPT), where this technology has the potential to carry out the filtration of more than 95%. One of the technologies provided is a diesel particulate trap (DPT), where this technology has the potential to carry out the filtration of more than 95%. The purpose of this study is to screen PM and measure the extent of DPT efficiency used in diesel engine vehicles. This study uses SNI 09-7118.2-2005 as the testing standard for the Isuzu C190 diesel engine. The test is carried out by accelerating the engine under no-load conditions according to SAE-J11667 standards. The main finding of this research is that the use of DPT can reduce smoke from 85.4% to 98.4%. Thus it was concluded that the DPT could be applied to diesel engines to be able to support various programs related to sustainable development.
Crispness measurement of potato crisps by single specimen using compression test
Authors: Aprilia G E , Triawan F , Saville R 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Commonly, crispy characteristic is the desirable texture of dry food, especially in crisp products. The term crispness itself is qualitatively determined by the perception of human sensory. Thus, a quantitative expression is needed. The present work introduces a study to analyze the correlation between the crispness and compressive mechanical behavior of potato crisps as a preliminary step to quantify crispness level of crisp products. Potato crisp samples were exposed to room air in several specific durations. The crisp samples were assessed one by one by running a uniaxial compression test using two parallel plates. The load and displacement curve relationship were measured simultaneously during crisp deformation at a constant speed. The result indicated that there is a relationship between the crispness of the crisps and the strain energy up to 10% strain. Yet, the result has not perfectly mimicked the apparent crispness of the samples. This analysis is expected to contribute to the food engineering field in terms of crispness quantification of a dry food.
Development of sorting system for plastic bottle waste management
Authors: Maulidati N , Cahyo A D N , Djamari D W , Fikri M R , Triawan F 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This work studies the method of sorting plastic bottles-waste. Currently, the recycling treatment for a different type of plastic bottle wastes is similar although they are made of different plastic material. The disadvantage of the current method is that the produced plastic is an unknown type of plastics. To perform recycling treatment of similar types of plastic bottle waste, the plastic-bottle waste needs to be sorted based on their material characteristics. We propose a sorting method of the plastic-bottle waste by using a barcode scanner. A database on plastic-bottle waste based on their barcode number, which then categorized their material characteristics, is first created. In this paper, the diagram of the sorting process is given.
Component design concept of hydraulic gear pressing machine for plastic bottle waste recycle
Authors: suryani I O , Nadia C I S , Sinugroho D S , Triawan F 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Continuous increment of plastic bottle waste creates new problems of space-consuming both in landfills and the ocean. Hence, plastic bottle waste recycling process and volume reduction are needed. This paper proposes a component design concept of a pressing machine to press plastic bottle wastes for volume reduction purpose. The proposed design essentially brings a concept of combining hydraulic and gear power to produce the pressing mechanism. Some boundary conditions were applied, such as force magnification, weight, and dimension; thus, the machine can be portable because of small scale dimension and light weight. Furthermore, the machine can be used as a demonstration machine for education purpose.
The effect of layer orientation angle and its increasing on mechanical properties of laminated material: A numerical study
Authors: Premono A , Adyaksa K M P , Sukarno R 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The mechanical properties of a laminated material due to different layer orientation angle and pattern of layers are simulated using the finite element method. The aim of this paper is to determine the effect of the different layer orientation angles and patterns on the mechanical properties of laminated material. Stainless steel laminated with epoxy carbon is used in this study. The model is a rectangle plate with 150 mm in length, 80 mm in width, and 4 mm in thickness. Linear static finite element analyses with 0,63 MPa normal force is applied to the three various models with different layer orientation angles and patterns. The results show that different layer orientation angles and numbers affect the mechanical properties of the material.