bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Significance and Mechanisms Analyses of RB1 Mutation in Bladder Cancer Disease Progression and Drug Selection by Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Zhang Dingguo , Tian Jinjun , Xia Qier , Yang Zhenyu , Gu Bin 
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer is still a disease of significant morbidity and mortality. In bladder cancer, RB1 is one of the most common mutant genes. METHODS: In this study, we explored the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) database for drug sensitivity. The latest TCGA data were downloaded for analysis. To deal with functional enrichment analysis, GSEA, KEGG and GO were used. Prognostic analyses have been carried out using the GEPIA online tool. RESULTS: Results from the GDSC database showed that bladder cancer cells with RB1 mutation are more resistant to Dactolisib, MK-2206 and GNE-317. RB1 mutation was found in 25%bladder cancer patients. Patients with RB1 mutation often had lower RB1 mRNA expression level and higher histologic grade. In addition, we identified 999 differentially expressed genes in both groups. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that DEGs were primarily enriched in multiple metabolic progressions, cell proliferation and cancer related pathways. There were strong correlations between WT1, GPR37, CHRM2 and EZH2 expression levels and the prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: In all, the significance of RB1 mutation in disease progression and drug selection in bladder cancer was suggested by our results, and multiple genes and pathways related to such a program were identified.
ASSOCIATION OF CELIAC DISEASES WITH SEVERE ACUTE MALNUTRITION CHILDREN, AT TERTIARY CARE CENTRE: - A PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Jagrwal Sameer , Sharma Pooja , Shrimali Kapil , Bhattacharjee Prasun , Singhal Manish 
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Celiac disease (CD) may be an underlying cause of malnutrition.
Aim: The objective of this study was to find out the seroprevalence of CD in children suffering from severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in age group of 1–5 years.
Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, observational, hospital-based study carried out at Malnutrition Treatment Centre attached with the ananta institute of medical science & research center Rajsamand, Rajasthan, from February 2019 to January 2020. A total of 220 children with SAM were enrolled and screened for CD on the basis of celiac serology (tissue transglutaminase [tTg]-immunoglobulin A/G [IgA/IgG]).
Results: Celiac serology was positivity in 60 (27.28%) cases; out of total 60 seropositive cases, 28 (46.66%) cases were seropositive for both tTg-IgA and IgG, while only tTg-IgA and only tTg-IgG were positive in 18 (30%) and 14 (23.33%) cases, respectively. Mean serotiter of serum tTg-IgA and IgG in seropositive cases was 134.01±198.74 and 49.05±25.74 unit/ml.
Conclusions: High seroprevalence of CD in SAM should be taken as alert as CD may be an underlying cause and responsible for malnutrition. These children should be screened by celiac serology (tTg-IgA/IgG) to rule out CD.
Key words: Celiac disease, Seroprevalence, Severe acute malnutrition
Per una traduzione multidimensionale della poesia: “Notte, strada, lampione, farmacia” di Aleksandr Blok tra esistenzialismo e simbolismo
Authors: Testa Carlo 
Published: January 2021

Questo articolo propone al pubblico di lingua italiana una nuova traduzione in verso e rima, commentata e ragionata, della classica poesia blokiana “Notte, strada, lampione, farmacia,” anche nota come Danza macabra II (1912), tratta dalla raccolta Un mondo terribile (Strashnyi mir). La mia proposta viene presentata analiticamente attraverso un confronto puntuale con quattro preesistenti traduzioni in italiano: in primo luogo quella di Renato Poggioli, ne Il fiore del verso russo (1949), e successivamente quelle di Angelo Maria Ripellino (1975), Bruno Carnevali (1977) e Sergio Pescatori (1981). La caratteristica precipua di questa mia proposta è la presentazione di una traduzione poetica, ovvero una traduzione “multidimensionale” che nella lingua destinataria conservi, oltre ovviamente ad un massimo possibile della dimensione semantica (il “senso” strettamente letterale), anche tratti di verso e rima quanto più possibile simili a quelli che il testo di partenza possiede nella propria veste originale.
Where “the blood boils:” Hans Christian Andersen’s sojourn in Naples
Authors: Clemente Frances 
Published: January 2021

When in 1834, during his Grand Tour of Europe, Hans Christian Andersen set foot in Naples, he was immediately won over by the exuberant vitality of the Neapolitan people. The Parthenopean city, where he “was exposed to sensuality as a daily temptation” (Rossel, “Hans Christian Andersen” 24 and “Do You Know the Land” 95), also awakened Andersen’s more repressed instincts. From this experience he drew material for his most autobiographical novel, Improvisatoren (1835; The Improvisatore), whose protagonist tries to and succeeds in resisting the seductions of Neapolitan sensuality. If on the one hand the Danish author underwent the typical experience of the Northern traveller visiting the South and, more specifically, Naples, enjoying its openness and gaiety, on the other hand he never completely abandoned himself to Southern allures, upholding his moral and religious beliefs against a city that continuously attempted to wholly seduce him. The present paper aims to retrace Andersen’s first journey to Naples—where, by the writer’s own account, “the blood boils” (The Diaries of Hans Christian Andersen 85)—as a voyage into a tempting sensuality, contextualizing it within the wider context of nineteenth-century travelling experience in the city by Northern travellers.
Analysis of Long Non-Coding RNA in Cryptosporidium parvum Reveals Significant Stage-Specific Antisense Transcription
Authors: Li Yiran , Baptista Rodrigo P. , Sateriale Adam , Striepen Boris , Kissinger Jessica C. 
Published: January 2021

Cryptosporidium is a protist parasite that has been identified as the second leading cause of moderate to severe diarrhea in children younger than two and a significant cause of mortality worldwide. Cryptosporidium has a complex, obligate, intracellular but extra cytoplasmic lifecycle in a single host. How genes are regulated in this parasite remains largely unknown. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical regulatory roles, including gene expression across a broad range of organisms. Cryptosporidium lncRNAs have been reported to enter the host cell nucleus and affect the host response. However, no systematic study of lncRNAs in Cryptosporidium has been conducted to identify additional lncRNAs. In this study, we analyzed a C. parvum in vitro strand-specific RNA-seq developmental time series covering both asexual and sexual stages to identify lncRNAs associated with parasite development. In total, we identified 396 novel lncRNAs, mostly antisense, with 86% being differentially expressed. Surprisingly, nearly 10% of annotated mRNAs have an antisense transcript. lncRNAs occur most often at the 3′ end of their corresponding sense mRNA. Putative lncRNA regulatory regions were identified and many appear to encode bidirectional promoters. A positive correlation between lncRNA and upstream mRNA expression was observed. Evolutionary conservation and expression of lncRNA candidates was observed between C. parvum, C. hominis and C. baileyi. Ten C. parvum protein-encoding genes with antisense transcripts have P. falciparum orthologs that also have antisense transcripts. Three C. parvum lncRNAs with exceptional properties (e.g., intron splicing) were experimentally validated using RT-PCR and RT-qPCR. This initial characterization of the C. parvum non-coding transcriptome facilitates further investigations into the roles of lncRNAs in parasite development and host-pathogen interactions.
Role of Endothelial and Mesenchymal Cell Transitions in Heart Failure and Recovery Thereafter
Authors: Wang Guangyu , Cruz Ana Sofia , Youker Keith , Marcos-Abdala Hernan G. , Thandavarayan Rajarajan A. , Cooke John P. , Torre-Amione Guillermo , Chen Kaifu , Bhimaraj Arvind 
Published: January 2021

Background: Mechanisms of myocardial recovery are not well elucidated.Methods: 3-month-old C57/BL6 mice were treated with Angiotensin-II infusion and N (w)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester in drinking water to induce HF at 5 weeks. These agents were discontinued, and animals studied with echocardiographic, histological and genetic assessment every 2 weeks until week 19. mRNA was extracted from these samples and human pre-post LVAD samples.Results: Histologic and echo characteristics showed progressive worsening of cardiac function by week 5 and normalization by week 19 accompanied by normalization of the transcriptional profile. Expression of 1,350 genes were upregulated and 3,050 genes down regulated in HF compared to controls; during recovery, this altered gene expression was largely reversed. We focused on genes whose expression was altered during HF but reverted to control levels by Week 19. A gene ontology (GO) analysis of this cohort of genes implicated pathways involved in EndoMT and MEndoT. The cohort of genes that were differentially regulated in heart failure recovery in the murine model, were similarly regulated in human myocardial samples obtained pre- and post-placement of a left ventricular assist device (LVAD). Human end stage HF myocardial samples showed cells with dual expressed VE-Cadherin and FSP-1 consistent with cell fate transition. Furthermore, we observed a reduction in fibrosis, and an increase in endothelial cell density, in myocardial samples pre- and post-LVAD.Conclusions: Cell fate transitions between endothelial and mesenchymal types contribute to the pathophysiology of heart failure followed by recovery.
An Eight-CpG-based Methylation Classifier for Preoperative Discriminating Early and Advanced-Late Stage of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Hu Ji , Zhao Fu-ying , Huang Bin , Ran Jing , Chen Mei-yuan , Liu Hai-lin , Deng You-song , Zhao Xia , Han Xiao-fan 
Published: January 2021

AimTo develop and validate a CpG-based classifier for preoperative discrimination of early and advanced-late stage colorectal cancer (CRC).MethodsWe identified an epigenetic signature based on methylation status of multiple CpG sites (CpGs) from 372 subjects in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) CRC cohort, and an external cohort (GSE48684) with 64 subjects by LASSO regression algorithm. A classifier derived from the methylation signature was used to establish a multivariable logistic regression model to predict the advanced-late stage of CRC. A nomogram was further developed by incorporating the classifier and some independent clinical risk factors, and its performance was evaluated by discrimination and calibration analysis. The prognostic value of the classifier was determined by survival analysis. Furthermore, the diagnostic performance of several CpGs in the methylation signature was evaluated.ResultsThe eight-CpG-based methylation signature discriminated early stage from advanced-late stage CRC, with a satisfactory AUC of more than 0.700 in both the training and validation sets. This methylation classifier was identified as an independent predictor for CRC staging. The nomogram showed favorable predictive power for preoperative staging, and the C-index reached 0.817 (95% CI: 0.753–0.881) and 0.817 (95% CI: 0.721–0.913) in another training set and validation set respectively, with good calibration. The patients stratified in the high-risk group by the methylation classifier had significantly worse survival outcome than those in the low-risk group. Combination diagnosis utilizing only four of the eight specific CpGs performed well, even in CRC patients with low CEA level or at early stage.ConclusionsOur classifier is a valuable predictive indicator that can supplement established methods for more accurate preoperative staging and also provides prognostic information for CRC patients. Besides, the combination of multiple CpGs has a high value in the diagnosis of CRC.
Dislocation-Controlled Low-Temperature Superplastic Deformation of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy
Authors: Liu Chao , Wang Xin , Zhou Ge , Li Feng , Zhang Siqian , Zhang Haoyu , Chen Lijia , Liu Haijian 
Published: January 2021

The superplastic tension and deformation mechanism of Ti-6Al-4V alloy at 923 K and a tensile speed of 10−3, 5 × 10−3, or 5 × 10−2 s−1 was studied on an AG 250KNE electronic tension tester. Through theoretical modeling, the unit dislocation count of this alloy during superplastic deformation was introduced into the Ruano–Wadsworth–Sherby (R-W-S) deformation mechanism map, and a new deformation mechanism map involving dislocation count was plotted. Thereby, the mechanism underling the low-temperature superplastic deformation of this alloy was predicted. It was found the superplastic tension of Ti-6Al-4V at the tested temperature was controlled by dislocation movement, and with an increase in strain rate, the deformation transited from the dislocation-controlled mechanism with a stress index of 4 to the dislocation glide mechanism with a stress index of 5 or 7. At the strain rate of 10−3 s−1, this alloy reached the largest tension rate of 790% and strain rate sensitivity index of 0.52 and had excellent low-temperature superplastic properties.
Decreased Retinal Vascular Density in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI): An Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) Study
Authors: Wang Xi , Zhao Qianhua , Tao Rui , Lu Huimeng , Xiao Zhenxu , Zheng Li , Ding Ding , Ding Saineng , Ma Yichen , Lu Zhaozeng , Xiao Yiqin 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundTo explore the retinal vascular density changes in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).MethodsWe recruit 62 AD patients, 47 MCI patients, and 49 cognitively healthy controls (HC) in this study. All participants in the study received a comprehensive ophthalmological and neurological evaluation, including global cognitive screening, as well as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and completed the following eye examinations: visual acuity (VA), intraocular pressure (IOP), examination with slit-lamp, fundus photography (Version 1.5.0.0, NIDEK CO, LTD) and Optical coherence tomography imaging (software ReVue version 2017.1.0.155, Optovue Inc., Fremont, CA, United States). The visual rating scales for atrophy and white matter lesion in MRI was evaluated for all the patients with AD and MCI.ResultsIn the AD patient group, the superficial vascular density in the superior, inferior and whole retina was 44.64 ± 3.34, 44.65 ± 3.55, and 44.66 ± 3.36, respectively. These values were 44.24 ± 3.15, 43.72 ± 3.16, and 44 ± 3.07, respectively, in the MCI patient group. After multivariate analysis of the generalized linear model, adjustments for the confounding factors of sex, age, hypertension, diabetes and the quality index of OCTA image, the superficial vascular density in the AD and MCI patient groups was significantly lower than that in the HC group (P &lt; 0.05): 46.94 ± 2.04, 46.67 ± 2.26, and 46.82 ± 2.08, respectively. No difference in the area of the FAZ among the three groups was observed (AD group: 0.34 ± 0.11 mm2; MCI group: 0.36 ± 0.12 mm2; control group: 0.33 ± 0.12 mm2, p &gt; 0.05). The ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness, inner parafovea thickness, and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (p-RNFL) thickness were associated with the superficial vascular density. We found no significant correlation between the global cognition (MMSE scores) or between the Fazekas score and retinal OCT angiogram flow density.ConclusionThe superficial vascular density in the AD and MCI patient groups was significantly lower than that in the HC group. Our findings suggest the retinal microvascular dysfunction occurred in MCI and AD.
Cognitive and Behavioral Inhibition Deficits in Parkinson’s Disease: The Hayling Test as a Reliable Marker
Authors: Siquier Antònia , Andrés Pilar 
Published: January 2021

ObjectiveThe present study seeks to provide an overview of executive (inhibition and flexibility) deficits in Parkinson’s disease (PD) by combining a cognitive and behavioral approach.MethodsFifteen PD patients and 15 healthy controls underwent a neuropsychological and behavioral assessment including the Hayling and Trails Tests, the Questionnaire for Impulsive–Compulsive Disorders in Parkinson’s Disease (QUIP-RS), the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF-A), and the Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36). The level of awareness of executive functioning was also analyzed. We finally explored how these neuropsychological and clinical outcomes could relate to each other.ResultsPD patients performed significantly worse in both neuropsychological tasks designed to evaluate inhibition abilities. They also reported more inhibition difficulties in everyday life and poorer quality of life. Associations between neuropsychological measures and self-reports were found. Moreover, as indicated by the discrepancy score, PD patients were as accurate as their relatives in self-reporting their executive daily difficulties.ConclusionInhibition and cognitive flexibility impairments assessed by the neuropsychological tests (Hayling and Trails tests) seem to capture daily life executive problems in PD. Furthermore, our study provides a deeper understanding of PD patients’ and their relatives’ experience of these executive dysfunctions.
Clinical Features, Radiological Characteristics, and Outcomes of Patients With Intracranial Alveolar Echinococcosis: A Case Series From Tibetan Areas of Sichuan Province, China
Authors: Li Sisi , Chen Jiani , He Yongqiao , Deng Yongyi , Chen Jie , Fang Wenyu , Zeren Zhamu , Liu Yadong , Abdulaziz Ammar Taha Abdullah , Yan Bo , Zhou Dong 
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Intracranial alveolar echinococcosis (IAE), a zoonotic disease, is a critical health problem in the Tibetan region. We aimed to describe the clinical and radiological characteristics and outcomes among patients with IAE.Methods: We screened patients diagnosed with IAE between March 2015 and May 2019 at the Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital. Detailed demographics, clinical characteristics, neuroimaging features, and outcomes were recorded.Results: A total of 21 patients with an average age of 44.1 ± 12.7 years were included. Thirteen (61.9%) patients were male. The most common chief neurological complaint was headache (n = 17, 81.0%), followed by dizziness, seizure, visual disturbances, hemiparesis, disturbed consciousness, and dysphasia. All the patients had coexisting liver localizations. The typical neuroimaging features of IAE on cerebral magnetic resonance imaging scans showed obvious low-signal shadow with multiple small vesicles inside the lesions on T2-weighted images and FLAIR images. The pathological HE staining demonstrates vesicular lesions with several internal sacs. For hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (AE), the hepatic portal was invaded in six (28.6%) patients, and the portal vein (n = 5, 23.8%) was the mostly commonly involved vessel. As for treatment, 11 patients (52.4%) had poor compliance with albendazole. The duration of patients taken albendazole ranged from 2 months to 3 years. Cerebral AE surgery was performed in 11 patients, five of them underwent partial resection of AE lesions, and six patients received total resection. One patient with primary IAE underwent radical surgery. Ten patients (47.6%) died during the follow-up for a mean of 21.7 ± 11.9 (3–46) months. In total, 28.9% of the patients died within 5 years, and 71.6% died within 10 years. The median interval between the date of diagnosis as AE and death was 84 (19–144) months.Conclusion: Despite substantial advances in diagnostic and therapeutic methods, the treatment of IAE remains difficult and results in unsatisfactory outcomes. The major critical issue is surgical treatment of IAE although the disease is disseminated. Besides, lifelong albendazole would be indicated, but most patients had poor medication compliance. It is important to educate patients about the necessity of medical treatment.
Objective Dual-Task Turning Measures for Return-to-Duty Assessment After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: The ReTURN Study Protocol
Authors: Fino Peter C. , Weightman Margaret M. , Dibble Leland E. , Lester Mark E. , Hoppes Carrie W. , Parrington Lucy , Arango Jorge , Souvignier Alicia , Roberts Holly , King Laurie A. 
Published: January 2021

Determining readiness for duty after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is essential for the safety of service members and their unit. Currently, these decisions are primarily based on self-reported symptoms, objective measures that assess a single system, or standardized physical or cognitive tests that may be insensitive or lack ecological validity for warrior tasks. While significant technological advancements have been made in a variety of assessments of these individual systems, assessments of isolated tasks are neither diagnostically accurate nor representative of the demands imposed by daily life and military activities. Emerging evidence suggests that complex tasks, such as dual-task paradigms or turning, have utility in probing functional deficits after mTBI. Objective measures from turning tasks in single- or dual-task conditions, therefore, may be highly valuable for clinical assessments and return-to-duty decisions after mTBI. The goals of this study are to assess the diagnostic accuracy, predictive capacity, and responsiveness to rehabilitation of objective, dual-task turning measures within an mTBI population. These goals will be accomplished over two phases. Phase 1 will enroll civilians at three sites and active-duty service members at one site to examine the diagnostic accuracy and predictive capacity of dual-task turning outcomes. Phase 1 participants will complete a series of turning tasks while wearing inertial sensors and a battery of clinical questionnaires, neurocognitive testing, and standard clinical assessments of function. Phase 2 will enroll active-duty service members referred for rehabilitation from two military medical treatment facilities to investigate the responsiveness to rehabilitation of objective dual-task turning measures. Phase 2 participants will complete two assessments of turning while wearing inertial sensors: a baseline assessment prior to the first rehabilitation session and a post-rehabilitation assessment after the physical therapist determines the participant has completed his/her rehabilitation course. A variable selection procedure will then be implemented to determine the best task and outcome measure for return-to-duty decisions based on diagnostic accuracy, predictive capacity, and responsiveness to rehabilitation. Overall, the results of this study will provide guidance and potential new tools for clinical decisions in individuals with mTBI.Clinical Trial Registration:clinicaltrials.gov, Identifier NCT03892291.