bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peircean anti-psychologism and learning theory
Authors: Campbell Cary , Olteanu Alin , Feil Sebastian 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTaking influence from Peirce’s phenomenological categories (Firstness, Secondness, Thirdness), a notion of what we callbottom-up modelinghas become increasingly significant in research areas interested in learning, cognition, and development. Here, following a particular reading of Peircean semiotics (cf. Deacon, Terrence. 1997.The symbolic species: The co-evolution of language and the brain. London and New York: W. W. Norton; Sebeok, Thomas and Marcel Danesi. 2000.The forms of meaning: Modelling systems theory and semiotic analysis. Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter), modeling, and thus also learning, has mostly been thought of as ascending from simple, basic sign types to complex ones (iconic – indexical – symbolic; Firstness – Secondness – Thirdness). This constitutes the basis of most currently accepted (neo-Peircean) semiotic modeling theories and entails the further acceptance of an unexamined a priori coherence between complexity of cognition and complexity of signification. Following recent readings of Peirce’s post-1900 semiotic, we will present, in abbreviated form, a discussion as to the limits of this theoretical approach for theories of learning that draws upon Peirce’s late semiotic philosophy, in particular his late work on iconicity and propositions. We also explore the corollary conceptions of semioticresourcesandcompetencesandaffordancesto develop an ecological perspective on learning that notably does not impose a linear developmental progression from simple to complex. In conclusion, we address some of the implications of this (post-Peircean) conceptualization for transdisciplinary research into learning.
Learning from tragedy – The Jessica Barnett story: challenges in the diagnosis of long QT syndrome
Authors: Graber Mark L. , Olson Andrew P. J. , Barnett Tanya 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We describe the case of Jessica Barnett, an adolescent girl whose repeated episodes of syncope and near-syncope were ascribed to a seizure or anxiety disorder. The correct diagnoses (congenital long QT syndrome; arrythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy) were established by autopsy and genetic studies only after her death at age 17. The perspective of the family is presented, along with an analysis of what went right and what went wrong in Jessica’s diagnostic journey. Key lessons in this case include the value of family as engaged members of the diagnostic team, that a ‘hyperventilation test’ should not be used to exclude cardiac origins of syncope or pre-syncope, and the inherent challenges in the diagnosis of the long QT syndrome.
Formulation and optimization of gastroretentive bilayer tablets of calcium carbonate using D-optimal mixture design
Authors: Moganti Manasa , Nanjappa Shivakumar H. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Gastroretentive bilayer tablets of calcium carbonate (CC) were developed using D-optimal mixture design. The effect of formulation factors such as levels of HPMC K100 M (X1), sodium bicarbonate (X2), and HPMC E15 LV (X3) on responses like floating lag time (R1) and release of CC at 1 h (R2) and 6 h (R3) was elucidated. The optimized formulations developed by numerical optimization technique were found to have short floating lag time (2.85 ± 0.98 min), minimum burst release (27.02 ± 1.18%), and controlled yet near complete release (88.98 ± 2.75%) at 6 h. In vivo radiographic studies in rabbits indicated that optimized batch displayed a mean gastric retention time (GRT) of 5.5 ± 1 h which was significantly prolonged (P < 0.05) compared to the conventional tablets that displayed a GRT of less than 1 h. The studies proved that the gastroretentive tablets can be a promising platform to improve bioavailability of nutrients having absorption window in upper gastrointestinal tract.
Evaluation of physicochemical properties of film-based alginate for food packing applications
Authors: Azucena Castro-Yobal María , Contreras-Oliva Adriana , Saucedo-Rivalcoba Veronica , Rivera-Armenta José Luis , Hernández-Ramírez Gabriela , Salinas-Ruiz Josafhat , Herrera-Corredor Andrés 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The indiscriminate use of films as synthetic primary packaging, for the conservation and transport of fruit and vegetable products in postharvest, causes disposal problems. In the present work, films based on sodium alginate were synthesized and characterized, with alginate as a biopolymer matrix, glycerol (plasticizer), oleic acid (control of hydrophilicity), and calcium chloride (cross-linking agent). The dynamic mechanical, thermal, structural, and hydrophobicity properties were studied. In the case of dynamic mechanical properties, they were analyzed at a temperature of −50°C, because food packaging goes through storage during its cold chain, showing biofilm stability under these conditions. On the other hand, infrared spectroscopy analysis showed that the carboxylate and carboxy functional groups serve as a link for all the components, and oleic acid is also serving as a plasticizer and, to a lesser degree, as a hydrophilicity controller.
Hedging the Risk of Wind Power Production Using Dispatchable Energy Source
Authors: D’Amico Guglielmo , Di Basilio Bice , Petroni Filippo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this paper we advance a nonlinear optimization problem for hedging wind power variability by using a dispatchable energy source (DES) like gas. The model considers several important aspects such as modeling of wind power production, electricity price, nonlinear penalization scheme for energy underproduction and interrelations among the considered variables. Results are given in terms of optimal co-generation policy with DES. The optimal policy is interpreted and analyzed in different penalization scenarios and related to a 48 MW hypothetical wind park. The model is suitable for integration of wind energy especially for isolated grids. Some probabilistic results for special moments of a Log-Normal distribution are obtained; they are necessary for the evolution of the optimal policy.
Generalized fractal dimensions of invariant measures of full-shift systems over compact and perfect spaces: generic behavior
Authors: Carvalho Silas L. , Condori Alexander 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we show that, for topological dynamical systems with a dense set (in the weak topology) of periodic measures, a typical (in Baire’s sense) invariant measure has, for each

q
>
0

{q>0}

, zero lower q-generalized fractal dimension.
This implies, in particular, that a typical invariant measure has zero upper Hausdorff dimension and zero lower rate of recurrence.
Of special interest is the full-shift system

(
X
,
T
)

{(X,T)}

(where

X
=

M
ℤ

{X=M^{\mathbb{Z}}}

is endowed with a sub-exponential metric and the alphabet M is a compact and perfect metric space), for which we show that a typical invariant measure has, for each

q
>
1

{q>1}

, infinite upper q-correlation dimension.
Under the same conditions, we show that a typical invariant measure has, for each

s
∈

(
0
,
1
)

{s\in(0,1)}

and each

q
>
1

{q>1}

, zero lower s-generalized and infinite upper q-generalized dimensions.
Compact cross-shaped parasitic strip based multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) dielectric resonator antenna for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications
Authors: Yadav Sachin Kumar , Kaur Amanpreet , Khanna Rajesh 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this article, cross-shaped metallic parasitic strips based two radiator element multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) is excited by quadrature wave transformer microstrip feedline, designed, simulated and fabricated for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications. The proposed MIMO antenna structure is implemented with the help of two rectangular-shaped radiator elements that supports three modes HE11δ
, HE21δ
, and HE12δ
at 4.4, 8.3, 10.8 GHz respectively. These fundamental and higher-order modes are supported to wide impedance bandwidth. Inverted T-shaped metallic strip and ground stub to improve the impedance bandwidth 104.6% (3.3–10.8 GHz) with 5.7 dBi peak gain, to enhance the coupling coefficient by stub, scissor-shaped defected ground structure and cross-shaped metallic parasitic strips are used in the existed structure. The MIMO diversity parameters are implemented as simulated ECC ≤ 0.003, DG ≥ 9.98 dB, and CCL ≤ 0.68. All the obtained MIMO antenna parameters are within the acceptable limit for providing high data rate for UWB applications.
Geomorphological immaturity as a factor conditioning the dynamics of channel processes in Rządza River
Authors: Bujakowski Filip , Falkowski Tomasz , Podlasek Anna 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
A major part of Poland, classified geographically as Polish Lowland, is covered by a layer of loose or cohesive sediments whose thickness increases toward the north. Numerous authors emphasize the impact of the protrusion of the erosional base level on the course of processes shaping modern river valleys. It has been demonstrated, among other things, that the culmination of the sub-alluvial, cohesive bedrock determines the manner in which the channel zone and the adjacent floodplain are formed, which is associated with the hydrological system of the river. A number (12) of geological documenting holes have been drilled to the bottom of the valley. Also, geological profiles were recorded for 34 natural outcrops. The range of the individual outcrops was determined using a geomorphological analysis based on, among other things, the data from airborne laser scanning. The main objective of the research based on geomorphological criteria was to identify the differences in valley morphology and geological structure as well as the dynamics of currently occurring fluvial processes, along with geological features influencing their development, in particular in the middle course of a river. The research allowed the distinction of three geologically and geomorphologically characteristic sections. This allowed an answer to the question: why is the river in the lowland similar to a mountain stream.
Irisin ameliorates endoplasmic reticulum stress and liver fibrosis through inhibiting PERK-mediated destabilization of HNRNPA1 in hepatic stellate cells
Authors: Liao Xin , Zhan Wei , Li Rui , Tian Tian , Yu Lei , Yang Qin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a common consequence of chronic liver diseases involved with the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Irisin is a small polypeptide hormone that shows beneficial effects on metabolic disorders. The current study aimed to investigate the biological function of irisin on hepatic fibrosis. A mouse model of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic fibrosis was established. CCl4-treated mice showed elevated serum levels of AST and ALT, increased collagen accumulation, induced ER stress, and upregulated expressions of pro-fibrotic proteins in the liver compared to the controls. The administration of irisin, however, ameliorated CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in both cultured HSCs and mice. PKR-like ER kinase (PERK) is a key component of the ER stress-associated signaling pathway. We found that irisin treatment improved the stability of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (HNRNPA1) via regulating the phosphorylation of PERK in mouse livers and isolated HSCs. Also, the knockdown of HNRNPA1 eliminated the hepatoprotective effects of irisin on hepatic fibrosis and ER stress. In summary, this study showed that irisin alleviated ER stress and hepatic fibrosis by inhibiting PERK-mediated HNRNPA1 destabilization, suggesting that irisin may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for patients with liver fibrosis.
Memories of Venice: Analysis of two thought experiments by Derek Parfit
Authors: Rozemberg Andrej 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
It is commonly believed that our episodic memory teaches us about the reality of personal identity over time. Derek Parfitt’s notion of quasi-memory challenges this belief. According to Parfit, q-memories provide us with knowledge of past experiences in the same way that memory does, without presupposing that the rememberer and the experiencer are the same person. Various aspects of Parfit’s theory have met with criticism from scholars such as D. Wiggins, J. McDowell, M. Schechtman, and others. In this paper, I will focus primarily on the holistic argument that q-memories cannot be squared with the complex nature of mental life. This is a well-known argument and, when understood as criticism of memory-trace copying, is accepted by some q-memory proponents. In this paper, I will try to show why it is impossible to defend quasi-memory, even when wholesale psychological continuity applies, and why post-fission persons are not genuine cases of q-memories.
Constitutional Review Complaint as an Evolution of the Kelsenian Model
Authors: Yun Jeong-In 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
A centralized constitutional review system, generally known as the Austrian Constitutional Court model established in 1920 by Hans Kelsen, has spread globally after World War II and is now the most active constitutional tribunal in Europe. Interestingly, although the Constitutional Court of Korea was classified as this Kelsenian model, besides a typical kind of constitutional review procedure, the Court runs an additional procedure for the constitutional review of legislation. The latter has some comparatively special and unusual requirements and procedure, but the statistics indicate it has been actively used. It takes the form of a constitutional complaint, but in practice, it is treated as the second type of constitutional review of legislation in Korean constitutional adjudication. Through this special procedure, individuals appear to participate in a tripartite conversation on constitutional interpretation along with the judicial branch and the Constitutional Court. Moreover, to some extent, this sui generis complaint is perceived to make up for the prohibition of constitutional complaint on judgments of ordinary courts (‘Urteilsbeschwerde’) in Korea. In Austria, the individual complaint on constitutional review of statutes was introduced by a constitutional amendment in 2013, whereby the individual parties of the pending cases are entitled to file a constitutional review with the Constitutional Court as of 1 January 2015. In terms of enabling the individual party to request to the Constitutional Court for constitutional review of legislation, the Austrian new complaint is similar to the Korean one, but their requirements and procedures are different. From the perspective of enhanced individual access to the Constitutional Court, however, both complaints may be viewed as an evolution of the Kelsenian model to meet the demands of the times. In this regard, the Korean practice for over three decades may provide useful insights into the implementation of a new practice and further improvement in Austria. This article will examine the Korean ‘Constitutional Review Complaint’ and compare it with the Austrian ‘Gesetzesbeschwerde (Parteiantrag auf Normenkontrolle)’ to explore mutual references that will help improve both institutions. Then, I will assess what this kind of evolutionary invention of the constitutional review implies to the centennial of the Austrian model.
Demystifying Deep Learning: Developing and Evaluating a User-Centered Learning App for Beginners to Gain Practical Experience
Authors: Schultze Sven , Gruenefeld Uwe , Boll Susanne 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Deep Learning has revolutionized Machine Learning, enhancing our ability to solve complex computational problems. From image classification to speech recognition, the technology can be beneficial in a broad range of scenarios. However, the barrier to entry is quite high, especially when programming skills are missing. In this paper, we present the development of a learning application that is easy to use, yet powerful enough to solve practical Deep Learning problems. We followed the human-centered design approach and conducted a technical evaluation to identify solvable classification problems. Afterwards, we conducted an online user evaluation to gain insights on users’ experience with the app, and to understand positive as well as negative aspects of our implemented concept. Our results show that participants liked using the app and found it useful, especially for beginners. Nonetheless, future iterations of the learning app should step-wise include more features to support advancing users.
Explainable AI and Multi-Modal Causability in Medicine
Authors: Holzinger Andreas 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Progress in statistical machine learning made AI in medicine successful, in certain classification tasks even beyond human level performance. Nevertheless, correlation is not causation and successful models are often complex “black-boxes”, which make it hard to understand why a result has been achieved. The explainable AI (xAI) community develops methods, e. g. to highlight which input parameters are relevant for a result; however, in the medical domain there is a need for causability: In the same way that usability encompasses measurements for the quality of use, causability encompasses measurements for the quality of explanations produced by xAI. The key for future human-AI interfaces is to map explainability with causability and to allow a domain expert to ask questions to understand why an AI came up with a result, and also to ask “what-if” questions (counterfactuals) to gain insight into the underlying independent explanatory factors of a result. A multi-modal causability is important in the medical domain because often different modalities contribute to a result.
Examining Autocompletion as a Basic Concept for Interaction with Generative AI
Authors: Lehmann Florian , Buschek Daniel 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Autocompletion is an approach that extends and continues partial user input. We propose to interpret autocompletion as a basic interaction concept in human-AI interaction. We first describe the concept of autocompletion and dissect its user interface and interaction elements, using the well-established textual autocompletion in search engines as an example. We then highlight how these elements reoccur in other application domains, such as code completion, GUI sketching, and layouting. This comparison and transfer highlights an inherent role of such intelligent systems to extend and complete user input, in particular useful for designing interactions with and for generative AI. We reflect on and discuss our conceptual analysis of autocompletion to provide inspiration and a conceptual lens on current challenges in designing for human-AI interaction.
Multiple scaled symmetric distributions in allometric studies
Authors: Punzo Antonio , Bagnato Luca 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn allometric studies, the joint distribution of the log-transformed morphometric variables is typically symmetric and with heavy tails. Moreover, in the bivariate case, it is customary to explain the morphometric variation of these variables by fitting a convenient line, as for example the first principal component (PC). To account for all these peculiarities, we propose the use of multiple scaled symmetric (MSS) distributions. These distributions have the advantage to be directly defined in the PC space, the kind of symmetry involved is less restrictive than the commonly considered elliptical symmetry, the behavior of the tails can vary across PCs, and their first PC is less sensitive to outliers. In the family of MSS distributions, we also propose the multiple scaled shifted exponential normal distribution, equivalent of the multivariate shifted exponential normal distribution in the MSS framework. For the sake of parsimony, we also allow the parameter governing the leptokurtosis on each PC, in the considered MSS distributions, to be tied across PCs. From an inferential point of view, we describe an EM algorithm to estimate the parameters by maximum likelihood, we illustrate how to compute standard errors of the obtained estimates, and we give statistical tests and confidence intervals for the parameters. We use artificial and real allometric data to appreciate the advantages of the MSS distributions over well-known elliptically symmetric distributions and to compare the robustness of the line from our models with respect to the lines fitted by well-established robust and non-robust methods available in the literature.
Kinetic studies on esterification of acetic acid with isopropyl alcohol in presence of novel solid catalyst
Authors: Mekala Mallaiah 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The reaction of isopropyl alcohol with acetic acid was carried out in an isothermal batch reactor in presence of solid resin catalyst to produce isopropyl acetate and water. A novel solid resin catalyst Indion 140 was used in the present study. The temperature of reaction mixture was maintained in the range of 333.15 – 363.15 K. The effects of reaction temperature, catalyst loading, mole ratio, size of catalyst, agitation speed were investigated on acetic acid conversion. Further, pseudo-homogeneous kinetic model was developed for the catalyzed reaction. The forward reaction rate constants and activation energies were determined from the Arrhenius plot. The forward and backward activation energies are found to 53,459 J/mol and 54,748 J/mol, respectively. The heat of reaction is −1.289 kJ/mol with Indion 140 catalyst. The mathematical equation was developed for frequency factor as function of the catalyst loading and found that it follows a linear relationship between frequency factor and catalyst loading. The simulations were performed for pseudo homogeneous kinetic model and found that the model is able to predict the experimental data very well. The developed kinetic equation is useful for the simulation of a reactive distillation column for the synthesis of isopropyl acetate.
The stand-up comedian as an egocentric communicator
Authors: Filani Ibukun 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe general perspective in pragmatics research on stand-up comedy is that the comedian co-produces humor with the audience. In this paper, I argue that the stand-up comedian’s communicative behavior is also partly rooted in egocentrism. To achieve this, I adopted a sociocognitive approach to intention and egocentrism in analyzing a routine that was performed in Chicago by Okey Bakassi, a Nigerian stand-up comedian. I operationalize egocentrism as one of the humor strategies of the comedian. While focusing on the propositional content of the comedian’s utterances, the analysis revealed strategies like privatization, ad hoc concept formation and ad hoc coherence, which the comedian used in individualizing the prior common ground to generate the needed incongruity for humor in the performance sphere.