bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical Path Education: Necessary Components and Effective Strategies
Authors: Aronson Barbara , Maljanian Rose 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Proper use of Critical Paths based on a solid educational foundation aids caregivers in meeting the ultimate challenge of today's healthcare environment: to provide a higher quality of care at a lower cost. The components for a comprehensive educational program for Critical Paths include general principles, Path contents, Path development, guidelines for documentation, variance data collection and evaluation. A strategy to provide large numbers of staff with background information is through the use of self-learning packets; the case study approach is an appropriate strategy for Path specific education. Evaluation data indicate that both strategies are effective in assisting staff to develop and implement Critical Paths.
Coproviding Continuing Education Through Faculty Practice: A Win-Win Opportunity
Authors: Miller Virginia G 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Practice incorporated as an integral component of the faculty role benefits faculty, their clients, students, the school of nursing, and the community. When practice includes education, particular benefits result for those who have limited access to continuing nursing education (CNE). This article describes one school's way of responding to these learning needs. Three essential elements to a successful venture are described: a) a need for CNE is identified, b) faculty with diverse expertise are available, and c) a working relationship exists between an accredited CNE provider and the faculty. Other schools of nursing are encouraged to develop similar programs.
Computer Generated Slides - Cheap!
Authors: Wells Susan E , Reynolds William J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Thirty-five miillimeter slides can enhance the quality of presentations. They can present complex ideas and transmit information more clearly. They can engage the learner and add a touch of professionalism. However, the cost of professionally generated slides may be prohibitive for individuals working for smaller institutions with limited budgets. This article describes a method that can be used to produce high quality color slides with a fast turnaround time at a reasonable cost. Equipment needed is a computer with a graphics program and a suitably equipped camera.
An Educational Program to Prepare Acute Care Nurses for a Transition to Home Health Care Nursing
Authors: Meyer Katherine A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This article describes a continuing education program that prepares nurses with experience in acute care nursing for the transition to home health care nursing. The program is a 12-credit hour, two semester college program consisting of 8 hours of theory and 4 hours of clinical practicum. A coalition of hospitals, home health agencies and an educational institution designed the program to maintain the economic welfare of nurses in an era of hospital layoffs, promote professional development and enhance the transition of nurses to home health nursing.
Teaching Psychosocial Care to Long-Term Care Nursing Assistants
Authors: Phillips Regina M , Baldwin Beverly A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This article describes a training program that teaches nursing assistants to provide psychosocial care and manage problem behaviors, not just provide basic physical care, for elderly nursing home residents. Addressed are the variety of techniques that can be used to approach nursing assistant students as adult learners in any healthcare setting-long term, acute or home care.
Attitudes and Participation of Registered Nurses in Continuing Professional Education in New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Kersaitis Cindy 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This empirical study explored the attitudes and participation of registered nurses (RNs) in New South Wales (NSW), Australia in continuing professional education (CPE). A random sample of 500 RNs from across NSW was surveyed. Three hundred and forty seven (69%) responses were received. Findings showed a positive attitude toward CPE and a willingness to meet the necessary costs. However, the majority of RNs surveyed opposed the introduction of mandatory CPE, a finding that shows CPE may be an unnecessary measure in Australia. The findings suggest an already high participation rate in CPE as well as strategies alternative to mandatory CPE that would further enhance CPE participation.
Using Standardized Patients and Standardized Physicians to Improve Patient-Care Quality: Results of a Pilot Study
Authors: Foley Mary E , Nespoli Grace , Conde Eileen 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Background: We conducted evaluation research with a sample of registered professional staff nurses in a large, inner-city, tertiary medical center for a pilot study of videotaped case scenarios using standardized patients and standardized physicians to enhance nurses' communication and collaboration skills.
Method: Change scores from pre-test to post-test on a self-reported rating scale to assess nurse-physician-patient interactions and communications for 28 nurses were compared with a control group of 38 nurses who did not participate in the videotaped sessions.
Results: Repeated measures of analysis of variance (ANOVA) detected no statistically significant differences between the intervention and control groups. However, positive changes were noted in some aspects of nurse-physician and nurse-patient interactions in the intervention group. Immediate feedback from the videotaped scenarios heightened nurses' awareness of the impact of their body language.
Conclusions: Nurses must continuously practice and enhance their collaborative and communication skills. This pilot study suggests that it is beneficial to use videotaping with standardized patients and standardized physicians to enhance such nurses' skills.
Factors Affecting Graduating Nurses' Nutritional Knowledge: Implications for Continuing Education
Authors: Lindseth Glenda 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Nurses over 25 years of age and with more than 10 years of health-related work experience scored highest when tested for nutritional knowledge in a study of 129 midwestern graduating nurses. Significant differences (F [2, 128] = 5.8, p= .02) were revealed between nurses with 16 or more hours of clinical practice per week in comparison to those nurses with less than 16 hours of clinical practice per week. Cultural nutrition content was the area in which graduating nurses scored the lowest while food and nutrition policies/regulations was the area with which nurses were most familiar. These results have implications for hiring graduating nurses who will need the necessary nutritional care skills to provide quality nursing care today.
Nurse Manager Orientation: Guidelines to Meet the Challenge of a Rapidly Changing Role
Authors: Ziegfeld Connie , Matlin Carol , Earsing Karen 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A management development program at The Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore addresses the competency needs of 68 nurse managers. Orientation of new nurse managers is a significant component of the program. The orientation is based on performance standards and identification of organizational resources and opportunities to assist the managers to meet the standards. A convenience sample of 10 nurse managers, assistant directors, and directors of nursing reviewed the program 1 year after implementation and found it had improved the quality of orientation by providing structure and organization. The model can be applied to other institutions and practice roles.
Total Hip Arthroplasty: Can the Patient Play Sports Again?
Authors: Ritter Merrill A , Meding John B 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: To analyze the effect of athletic involvement on total hip replacements, a questionnaire was sent to all of our total hip patients with at least a 3-year follow up. Patients were asked to list the type, degree, and frequency of sports participation before and after surgery, along with any problems they encountered upon returning to active sports. The patients who responded were then placed in one of two groups, participant or non-participant, for each sport we encountered, and were statistically compared with respect to clinical analysis.
The population showed a significant decrease in all forms of activity after surgery, except bicycling; yet more returned to an active sport than did not. No correlation existed between involvement in a sport and the variables we tested. We concluded that intelligent participation in activities such as walking, golf, or bowling where no excess load was placed on the total hip, had no influence on the outcome of a total hip replacement.
SEPTIC BURSITIS: EXPERIENCE IN A COMMUNITY PRACTICE
Authors: Pien Francis D , Ching Diane , Kim Emery 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We reviewed 47 episodes of septic bursitis occurring in a private community medical practice. Most patients were male (85%), and roughly half (49%) the cases were related to recreational or occupational trauma. About 72% of cases were located in the olecranon bursa, while the remaining cases were prepatellar. Prepatellar bursitis patients were more likely to be hospitalized. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 70% of bursal fluid aspirations; other etiologic organisms included gram negative bacteria and Mycobacterium marinum. The majority of patients were able to be treated as outpatients with oral antibiotics. All patients were eventually cured without serious complications.
THE IMMUNOLOGY OF BONE AND CARTILAGE TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: Bolano Luis , Kopta Joseph A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Bone tissue was one of the earliest human transplanted tissues, yet little is known about its transplant biology. For many years, bone and cartilage tissues were thought to be immunoprivileged tissues because of the absence of acute rejection phenomenon. Advances in the understanding of transplant immunology of vascularized tissue grafts (kidney, heart, liver, etc) have led to a renewed interest in the immunobiology of bone and cartilage allograft transplantation. Since prosthetic materials used in orthopedic reconstructive surgery have a limited lifespan, there is great interest in the transplantation of bone and cartilage tissue. The first half of the article discusses transplant terminology, basic principles of immunology, and experimental studies on the immunogenicity of bone and cartilage tissue. The second half of the article discusses how allotransplanted bone and cartilage behaves in human transplants, storage and preservation techniques, and future directions in bone and cartilage transplantation.
THE PSYCHOLOGY OF POLIO AS PRELUDE TO POST-POLIO SEQUELAE: BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION AND PSYCHOTHERAPY
Authors: Bruno Richard L , Frick Nancy M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTEven as the physical causes and treatments for post-polio sequelae (PPS) are being identified, psychological symptoms - chronic stress, anxiety, depression, and compulsive, Type A behavior - are becoming evident in polio survivors. Importantly, these symptoms are not only causing marked distress but are preventing patients from making the lifestyle changes necessary to treat their PPS. Neither clinicians nor polio survivors have paid sufficient attention to the acute polio experience, its conditioning of life-long patterns of behavior, its relationship to the development of PPS, and its effect on the ability of individuals to cope with and treat then* new symptoms. We describe the acute polio and postpolio experiences on the basis of patient histories, relate the experience of polio to the development of compulsive, Type A behavior, link these behaviors to the physical and psychological symptoms reported in the National Post-Polio Surveys, and present a multimodal behavioral approach to treatment.
ACTIVITY AND POST-POLIO FATIGUE
Authors: Packer Tanya L , Martins Isabel , Krefling Laura , Brouwer Brenda 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Fatigue was studied in 12 subjects with postpolio sequelae (PPS). Results of the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) demonstrated a mean score of 4.8 ± 1.6 (non-disabled scores = 2.3 ± 0.7). The Human Activity Profile (HAP) was not sensitive enough to measure fatigue. Fifty percent of subjects scored below the first percentile based on age and sex matched norms. The Activity Record (ACTRE) results revealed that subjects spent 5% of their time resting and 1% in planning or preparation activities. Fatigue peaked in the late morning or early afternoon and was relieved by rest periods. Use of energy conservation and work simplification skills along with frequent rest periods was suggested as a possible method for managing PPS fatigue.
ENERGY CONSERVATION, OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY, AND THE TREATMENT OF POST-POLIO SEQUELAE
Authors: Young Grace R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Individuals experiencing post-polio sequelae (PPS) are usually advised to make significant lifestyle changes to lessen symptoms and prevent further decline in function. These individuals have spent most of their lives equating success with over-achievement and find it difficult to implement such recommendations. As specialists in energy conservation and work simplification, occupational therapists increasingly are being called on to evaluate and treat these patients. Over the past 2 years, an occupational therapy educational program has been developed to educate patients about their condition and about ways to implement lifestyle changes while preserving the ability to do valued activities. This article describes the components of a thorough occupational therapy evaluation and the design and functional outcomes of a successful occupational therapy educational program to treat PPS.
THE EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM NON-FATIGUING RESISTANCE EXERCISE IN SUBJECTS WITH POST-POLIO SYNDROME
Authors: Fillyaw Michael J , Badger Gary J , Goodwin Gregory D , Bradley Walter G , Fries Timothy J , Shukla Amitah 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Measures of torque were used to evaluate changes in muscle strength and endurance in 17 patients with post-polio syndrome who did prescribed resistance exercise for up to 2 years. Exercise compliance averaged 75%, with 16 subjects increasing the weight lifted in training. Maximum torque was significantly increased in the exercised muscle compared to the control muscle; no difference was seen in muscle endurance. Individuals with post-polio syndrome can increase muscle strength by doing non-fatiguing resistance exercise, but they should undergo quantitative testing of muscle strength a minimum of every 3 months to guard against overwork weakness.
POST-POLIO FATIGUE: Ap 31P MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY INVESTIGATION
Authors: Thompson R Terry , Barton Pamela M , Marsh Gregory D , Cameron M G Peter , Gravelle Denis G , Hsieh Jane T C , Hayes Keith C , Driedger Albert A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTChanges in high energy phosphates (HEP) and intramuscular pH during exercise were measured in 17 patients with post-polio fatigue and in 28 healthy controls usingp 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Subjects performed a dynamic hand grip exercise at low and high intensity. Mean changes in the HEP and pH showed no significant differences between the groups, although the post-polio group's response was highly variable. Six patients showed evidence of a lower lactate accumulation during the high intensity exercise when compared with controls. These data suggest that the whole body fatigue experienced by polio survivors is not related to any systemic metabolic abnormality.
RESULTS OF THE MULTICENTRIC ITALIAN EXPERIENCE ON THE GAMMA™ NAIL: A REPORT ON 648 CASES
Authors: Boriani S , Bettelli G , Zmerly H , Specchia L , Bungaro P , Montanari G , Capelli A , Canella P , Regnoli R , Rispoli R , Trabucchi L , Simonini D , Bonicoli F , D'Imporzano M , Rava M , Ghera S , Giacomelli M , Dorigotti P , Ragazzi E , Montella S , Renier F , Parduzzi S , Torelli L , Spagnolo R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
In a multicentric study, the data of 628 trochanteric fractures, two non-unions, and 18 pathologic or impending fractures treated by Gamma nail in 13 Italian traumatology services were collected and analyzed. In 70% of the patients weight bearing was allowed in the first postoperative week and 78% of the controlled patients returned to their pretrauma walking ability. Complications included intraoperative (1.4%) and postoperative (1.2%) shaft fractures, "cut out" of the lag screw (2.6%), and nail failure (0.5%). There were no cases of infection. An analysis of complications showed that most of them were due to technical mistakes. The safest procedure is 2 mm diaphyseal overreaming, introduction of the nail without hammering, and distal locking; the lag screw should be placed in the lower part of the head of the femur.
NEUROMUSCULAR FUNCTION IN POLIO SURVIVORS
Authors: Agre James C , Rodriquez Arthur A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTAlthough there is no documented, objective evidence that symptomatic post-polio subjects are rapidly losing strength, they have a number of neuromuscular deficits related to a more severe poliomyelitis illness that may explain why they complain of problems with strength, endurance, and local muscle fatigue. Symptomatic post-polio subjects were hospitalized longer during the acute poliomyelitis, recovered more slowly, and had electromyographic evidence of greater loss of anterior horn cells. Additionally, recent assessment demonstrated that they were weaker, had a reduced work capacity, and recovered strength less readily after activity in the quadriceps muscles as compared to asymptomatic subjects. Of great clinical importance, rating of perceived exertion in the muscle during exercise was the same in symptomatic and asymptomatic post-polio and control subjects, indicating that symptomatic subjects have a mechanism to monitor local muscle fatigue that could be used to avoid exhaustion. A study of pacing (interspersing activity with rest breaks) showed that symptomatic subjects had less local muscle fatigue and greater strength recovery when they paced their activity than when they worked at a constant rate to exhaustion. We recommend that post-polio individuals pace their daily activity to avoid excessive fatigue.
CURRENT STATUS OF ALLOGRAFTING FOR BONE TUMORS
Authors: Mankin Henry J , Springfield Dempsey S , Gebhardt Mark C , Tomford William W 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Over the past 20 years the Orthopaedic Oncology Unit of the Massachusetts General Hospital has performed over 660 massive cadaveric allograft transplantations, mostly for patients with bone tumors. The overall success rate for such procedures is around 80%, with most of the failures occurring in the first 3 years as a result of fracture (19%), nonunion (14%), and infection (10%). With longer follow up, late occurring osteoarthritis has been noted in approximately 17% of those patients at risk, suggesting that the articular surface begins to "wear" at 5 years. Some problems remain with the procedure, and more study of such aspects as the immune mechanism, cryopreservation of cartilage, maintaining the status and safety of the bone banking system, and improving the techniques of surgery ultimately may lead to a more uniform and predictable success rate.
THE LONG-TERM SUCCESS OF FRESH, SMALL FRAGMENT OSTEOCHONDRAL ALLOGRAFTS USED FOR INTRAARTICULAR POST-TRAUMATIC DEFECTS IN THE KNEE JOINT
Authors: Mahomed M N , Beaver R J , Gross A E 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Ninety-two fresh osteochondral allografts were implanted in 91 patients with posttraumatic osteoarticular defects of the knee joint. These patients have been prospectively followed since 1972. An analysis of long-term survival of these grafts has been performed to determine their success rates: 75% at 5 years, 64% at 10 years, and 63% at 14 years. An evaluation was made between unipolar grafts, which involve only one surface of the compartment, and bipolar grafts, which involve both surfaces. The unipolar grafts had a lower failure rate at all time periods compared to bipolar grafts, with 76% survival at 5 years, 69% at 10 years, and 67% at 14 years. While investigating other factors that might affect the survival of the fresh osteochondral allografts, we calculated the influence of the anatomical location of the graft, patient sex, and patient age. There was no meaningful impact on allograft survival by either the location of the allograft or the sex of the patient. However, there was a significant effect on allograft longevity in terms of patient age, with patients under age 60 doing better. The best indication for the use of unipolar fresh osteochondral allografts is for posttraumatic defects in relatively young, active patients. Joint malalignment should be corrected to achieve best results.
CLINICAL USE OF FRESH, FROZEN SOFT TISSUE ALLOGRAFTS
Authors: Olson Eric J , Harner Christopher D , Fu Freddie H , Silbey Mark B 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Fresh frozen allograft tissue provides a good alternative to autogenous tissue for the treatment of patients with symptomatic ligamentous deficiency. While transmission of AIDS and other infectious diseases remains a small possibility, allografts provide the advantages of shorter operative time, small incisions, no damage to a patient's own tissues, and superior usefulness in multiple reconstructions, as well as revision of failed autogenous reconstructions. An independent, critical evaluation of the 4-year results of patients with allograft ACL reconstructions is presented. Issues important in allograft tissue recovery, banking, and intraoperative preparation are reviewed.
CONCOMITANT INJURIES OF THE HIP JOINT AND ABDOMEN RESULTING FROM GUNSHOT WOUNDS
Authors: Brien Earl W , Brien William W , Long William T , Kuschner Stuart H 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Septic arthritis is a devastating complication of transabdominal gunshot wounds to tne hip. Five patients sustained gunshot wounds to the hip which violated the alimentary tract. Diagnosis was established with plain radiographs in three patients, arthrogram in one patient, and a gastrointestinal series in one patient Three patients had an exploratory laparotomy with diverting colostomy followed by immediate hip arthrotomy within 24 hours and no joint infections occurred. In the other two patients, hip involvement was identified late after septic arthritis occurred. Early diagnosis, diverting colostomy, and immediate arthrotomy are recommended for gunshot wounds to the hip which involve the alimentary tract.
POSTRADIATION SARCOMA OF BONE
Authors: Frassica Frank J , Frassica Deborah A , Wold Lester E , Beabout John W , Sim Franklin H 
Published: April 2021

A 58-year-old woman was examined because of increasing low back and left buttock pain of 2 months' duration. Her discomfort occurred at night and was progressive. The pain was not responsive to anti-inflammatory medications and was not related to activity.
The patient's medical history was significant for successful treatment of an adenocarcinoma of the colon 17 years previously. In addition to surgical treatment, she had received a course of adjuvant external beam radiation. The radiation was delivered over a 5 ½-week period through parallel opposed fields. The estimated midline dose was 40 Gy centered over the left iliac fossa. The source of radiation was cobalt 60.
A plain radiograph of the pelvis suggested an area of bone destruction in the ileum near the left sacroiliac joint (Fig 1A). A computed tomography (CT) scan demonstrated cortical destruction of the left iliac wing and an associated soft tissue mass (Fig 1B). A staging evaluation revealed lung metastasis, indicating that the patient had Stage III disease.1 A diagnosis of high-grade fibroblastic osteosarcoma was made after biopsy of the lesion in the left iliac wing (Fig 2). The patient died of the lesion 1 month after presentation.