bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Small mammals in the human-dominated landscape in the northern Western Ghats of India
Authors: Bajaru Sameer , Kulavmode Amol R. , Manakadan Ranjit 
Published: February 2021

The Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot is under huge anthropogenic pressure, with unique flora and fauna facing severe threats from habitat fragmentation, loss, and degradation. The northern Western Ghats has been poorly studied for its small mammal fauna, hence we examined small mammals near Pune from 2014 to 2017. Live trapping was carried out in irrigated and rainfed agriculture fields, forests, and grasslands at low, mid, and high elevations. A total of 538 individuals were trapped, representing 17 species of rodents and one shrew. Most abundantly captured species were Millardia kondana (23%), Mus saxicola (19%), Suncus murinus (17%), and Mus booduga (13%). Species richness and abundance of small mammals varied across the habitats. High elevation grasslands were species-rich relative to low elevation grasslands and forests. Our observations indicate that human disturbances play a role in determining the richness and abundance of small mammals in the area, where populations are under threat from urbanization, tourism, agriculture, grazing, and fire. Habitat and species specific conservation measures need to be taken, coupled with in-depth species–habitat relationship studies, for the conservation of small mammal diversity of the northern Western Ghats.
Association of Psychosocial Factors With Short‐Term Resting Heart Rate Variability: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Authors: Shah Anish S. , Alonso Alvaro , Whitsel Eric A. , Soliman Elsayed Z. , Vaccarino Viola , Shah Amit J. 
Published: February 2021

Background
Psychosocial factors predict heart disease risk, but our understanding of underlying mechanisms is limited. We sought to evaluate the physiologic correlates of psychosocial factors by measuring their relationships with heart rate variability (HRV), a measure of autonomic health, in the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study. We hypothesize that increased psychosocial stress associates with lower HRV.

Methods and Results

We studied 9331 participants in ARIC with short‐term HRV data at visits 2 and 4. The mean (SD) age was 54.4 (5.7) years, 55% were women, and 25% were Black. Psychosocial factors included: (1) vital exhaustion (VE), (2) anger proneness, a personality trait, and (3) perceived social support. Linear models adjusted for sociodemographic and cardiovascular risk factors. Low frequency HRV (ln ms
2
) was significantly lower in the highest versus lowest quartiles of VE (B=−0.14, 95% CI, −0.24 to −0.05). When comparing this effect to age (B=−0.04, 95% CI, −0.05 to −0.04), the difference was equivalent to 3.8 years of accelerated aging. Perceived social support associated with lower time‐domain HRV. High VE (versus low VE) also associated with greater decreases in low frequency over time, and both anger and VE associated with greater increases in resting heart rate over time. Survival analyses were performed with Cox models, and no evidence was found that HRV explains the excess risk found with high VE and low perceived social support.

Conclusions
Vital exhaustion, and to a lesser extent anger and social support, were associated with worse autonomic function and greater adverse changes over time.
Adverse Outcomes Associated With Higher Mean Blood Pressure and Greater Blood Pressure Variability Immediately After Successful Embolectomy in Those With Acute Ischemic Stroke, and the Influence of Pretreatment Collateral Circulation Status
Authors: Liu Dacheng , Nie Ximing , Pan Yuesong , Yan Hongyi , Pu Yuehua , Wei Yufei , Cai Yuan , Ding Yarong , Lu Qixuan , Zhang Zhe , Gu Weibin , Hou Xinyi , Yang Zhonghua , Wen Miao , Wang Penglian , Ma Gaoting , Ma Ning , Miao Zhongrong , Leng Xinyi , Yan Bernard , Davis Stephen M. , Wang Yongjun , Liu Liping 
Published: February 2021

Background
To investigate whether collateral status could modify the associations between post‐thrombectomy blood pressure (BP) measures and outcomes.

Methods and Results

Patients with anterior‐circulation large‐vessel‐occlusion successfully recanalized in a multicenter endovascular thrombectomy registry were enrolled. Pretreatment collateral status was graded and dichotomized (good/poor) in angiography. Maximum, minimum, and mean systolic BP (SBP) and BP variability (assessed by the SD, coefficient of variation) during the initial 24 hours after endovascular thrombectomy were obtained. The primary outcome was unfavorable 90‐day outcome (modified Rankin Scale score 3–6). Secondary outcomes included symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and 90‐day mortality. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) of BP parameters over the outcomes were obtained in all patients and in patients with good/poor collaterals. Among 596 patients (mean age 66 years; 59.9% males), 302 (50.7%) patients had unfavorable 90‐day outcome. In multivariable analyses, higher mean SBP (aOR, 1.59 per 10 mm Hg increment; 95% CI, 1.26–2.02;
P
<0.001), mean SBP >140 mm Hg (versus ≤120 mm Hg; aOR, 4.27; 95% CI, 1.66–10.97;
P
=0.002), and higher SBP SD (aOR, 1.08 per 1‐SD increment; 95% CI, 1.01–1.16;
P
=0.02) were respectively associated with unfavorable 90‐day outcome in patients with poor collateral but not in those with good collateral. A marginal interaction between SBP coefficient of variation tertiles and collaterals on 90‐day functional outcome (
P
for interaction, 0.09) was observed. A significant interaction between SBP coefficient of variation tertiles and collaterals on 90‐day mortality (
P
for interaction, 0.03) was observed.

Conclusions
Higher postprocedural BP is associated with 90‐day unfavorable outcomes after successful endovascular thrombectomy in patients with poor collateral.

Registration

URL:
https://www.chictr.org.cn
; Unique identifier: ChiCTR1900022154.
Morphology, molecular profiles and distribution of Japanese populations of Steinernema tielingense Ma, Chen, Li, Han, Khatri-Chhetri, De Clercq & Moens, 2012 (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae)
Authors: Mamiya Yasuharu , Akiba Mitsuteru , Ekino Taisuke , Kanzaki Natsumi 
Published: February 2021

Summary
Steinernema tielingense was found to be widely distributed in Japan. The molecular characteristics of the nematodes isolated from Japan are basically in accordance with those mentioned in the original description of S. tielingense. However, the Japanese isolates are morphologically distinct from the type population by the following characters: length of the infective juvenile, 711 (671-769) μm, excretory pore of adult males and infective juveniles located posterior mid-pharynx, D% < 50%, smaller H value of 35% and shorter spicules in adult males of both generations. Although discrepancies in morphology and morphometric data between the Chinese isolate and Japanese isolate were observed, the molecular data matched and on this basis the Japanese isolate was identified as being conspecific with S. tielingense. The symbiotic bacterium isolated from the Japanese population of S. tielingense was identified as Xenorhabdus bovienii.
The “Elephant Mosaic” Panel from the Huqoq Synagogue: Ehud Ben Gera in Jewish-Galilean Traditions
Authors: Yoskovich Avraham 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The so-called Elephant Mosaic panel from the Huqoq synagogue floor has sparked intense scholarly debate regarding its interpretation. This article proposes a biblical episode as its topic: the killing of the Moabite king Eglon by Ehud ben Gera (Judges 3). Reading the panels as a unified composition, the biblical-midrashic interpretation offered here combines biblical elements with their rabbinic interpretations. The importance of the latter inheres in their reflection of the Galilean milieu contemporary with the Huqoq community. The suggested interpretation also shares common motifs with another source, Megillat Antiochus, thus raising the question of whether, as interpreted here, the Byzantine artistic elements shed light on how the Huqoq community portrayed biblical themes and transmitted later traditions, especially those connected to divine deliverance.
Jewish Palestinian Aramaic: Chronology, Geography, and Typology
Authors: Fassberg Steven E. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Jewish Palestinian Aramaic was the language of the Jews of Palestine and is identifiable from around the third or fourth centuries CE until the last centuries of the first millennium, by which time it was completely displaced in speech by Arabic. This article surveys its origins and subsequent stages of development, chronologically from Palestinian Targumic to Palestinian Talmudic to Late Jewish Literary Aramaic. Geonic and post-Geonic scribes were not kind to manuscripts written in Jewish Palestinian Aramaic since they did not know the language and were influenced by the more prestigious Babylonian Aramaic. As a result, they sometimes inserted Aramaic forms they knew from non-Palestinian texts. It is probably these scribes who are responsible for the ‘gemischtem Sprachtypus’ of the late targumim.
<strong>The identity of <em>Cirsium henryi</em> (Asteraceae, Cardueae)</strong>
Authors: JIN ZI-CHAO , CHEN YOU-SHENG 
Published: February 2021

Cirsium forrestii, C. melanoplepis and C. taliense have been usually treated as synonyms of C. henryi. Our critical examination of type materials and field observation reveals that all the three taxa are actually not conspecific with C. henryi. Cirsium forrestii and C. taliense should be both reinstated as independent species, whileas C. melanoplepis is in fact conspecific with C. forrestii. Cirsium taliense is found conspecific with C. chlorolepis, and C. chlorolepis is newly treated as a synonym for C. taliense. We modified the description of C. henryi, which in fact only occurs in Hubei province of China. Lectotypification is proposed for C. henryi and C. taliense.
Participatory budgeting and government efficiency: evidence from municipal governments in South Korea
Authors: Jung Sun-Moon 
Published: February 2021

The current study evaluates the role of a democratic institution—participatory budgeting—in improving government efficiency. Participatory institutions aim to enhance governance, information sharing, and the responsiveness of political agents to citizens, leading to fiscal accountability and efficiency. Drawing from a database of 221 municipal governments in South Korea around a mandatory participatory budgeting adoption period, we find that participatory budgeting adoptions are followed by improvement in multiple dimensions of government efficiency. In particular, municipal governments experience statistically significant improvements in their fiscal sustainability and administrative efficiency. In additional analysis, we find that the efficiency improvements are more pronounced in the presence of strong mayoral leadership. Overall findings suggest that participatory budgeting programs contribute to fiscal health and administrative efficiency, above and beyond their role in securing fiscal democracy. Points for practitioners The current study suggests that participatory budget systems not only contribute to quality in democracy (as prior studies have found), but also improve fiscal efficiency and accountability by serving as a bottom-up governance mechanism. We document that introductions of participatory budgeting programs are followed by statistically significant improvements in fiscal sustainability and administrative efficiency. The results also indicate that the efficiency-improvement effect differs across municipalities, depending on their political environments. Overall, this study provides a strong argument for the participatory budgeting system by empirically supporting its efficiency-improvement effect.
Nonmedical Marijuana Use and Cardiovascular Events: A Systematic Review
Authors: Yang Peter K. , Odom Erika C. , Patel Roshni , Loustalot Fleetwood , Coleman King Sallyann 
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Although marijuana use has increased since 2012, the perceived risk of adverse outcomes has decreased. This systematic review summarizes articles that examined the association between nonmedical marijuana use (ie, observed smoking, self-report, or urinalysis) and cardiovascular events in observational or experimental studies of adults aged ≥18. Methods: We searched Medline, EMBASE, PsycInfo, CINAHL, Cochrane Library Database, and Global Health from January 1, 1970, through August 31, 2018. Of 3916 citations, 16 articles fit the following criteria: (1) included adults aged ≥18; (2) included marijuana/cannabis use that is self-reported smoked, present in diagnostic coding, or indicated through a positive diagnostic test; (3) compared nonuse of cannabis; (4) examined events related to myocardial infarction, angina, acute coronary syndrome, and/or stroke; (5) published in English; and (6) had observational or experimental designs. Results: Of the 16 studies, 4 were cohort studies, 8 were case-control studies, 1 was a case-crossover study, 2 were randomized controlled trials, and 1 was a descriptive study. Studies ranged from 10 participants to 118 659 619 hospitalizations. Marijuana use was associated with an increased likelihood of myocardial infarction within 24 hours in 2 studies and stroke in 6 studies. Results of studies suggested an increased risk for angina and acute coronary syndrome, especially among people with a history of a cardiovascular event. Conclusion: This review suggests that people who use marijuana may be at increased risk for cardiovascular events. As states expand new laws permitting marijuana use, it will be important to monitor the effect of marijuana use on cardiovascular disease outcomes, perhaps through the inclusion of data on nonmedical marijuana use in diverse national and local surveillance systems.
How uro-oncology has been affected by COVID-19 emergency? Data from Piedmont/Valle d’Aosta Oncological Network, Italy
Authors: Oderda Marco , Calleris Giorgio , Falcone Marco , Fasolis Giuseppe , Muto Giovanni , Oderda Gianluca , Porpiglia Francesco , Volpe Alessandro , Bertetto Oscar , Gontero Paolo 
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has dramatically hit all Europe and Northern Italy in particular. The reallocation of medical resources has caused a sharp reduction in the activity of many medical disciplines, including urology. The restricted availability of resources is expected to cause a delay in the treatment of urological cancers and to negatively influence the clinical history of many cancer patients. In this study, we describe COVID-19 impact on uro-oncological management in Piedmont/Valle d’Aosta, estimating its future impact. Methods: We performed an online survey in 12 urological centers, belonging to the Oncological Network of Piedmont/Valle d’Aosta, to estimate the impact of COVID-19 emergency on their practice. On this basis, we then estimated the medical working capacity needed to absorb all postponed uro-oncological procedures. Results: Most centers (77%) declared to be “much”/“very much” affected by COVID-19 emergency. If uro-oncological consultations for newly diagnosed cancers were often maintained, follow-up consultations were more than halved or even suspended in around two out of three centers. In-office and day-hospital procedures were generally only mildly reduced, whereas major uro-oncological procedures were more than halved or even suspended in 60% of centers. To clear waiting list backlog, the urological working capacity should dramatically increase in the next months; delays greater than 1 month are expected for more than 50% of uro-oncological procedures. Conclusions: COVID-19 emergency has dramatically slowed down uro-oncological activity in Piedmont and Valle d’Aosta. Ideally, uro-oncological patients should be referred to COVID-19-free tertiary urological centers to ensure a timely management.
Autologous Matrix-Induced Chondrogenesis for Treatment of Focal Cartilage Defects in the Knee: A Follow-up Study
Authors: Gille Justus , Reiss Ellen , Freitag Moritz , Schagemann Jan , Steinwachs Matthias , Piontek Tomasz , Reiss Eric 
Published: February 2021

Background: Autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis (AMIC) is a well-established treatment for full-thickness cartilage defects. Purpose: To evaluate the long-term clinical outcomes of AMIC for the treatment of chondral lesions of the knee. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A multisite prospective registry recorded demographic data and outcomes for patients who underwent repair of chondral defects. In total, 131 patients were included in the study. Lysholm, Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), and visual analog scale (VAS) score for pain were used for outcome analysis. Across all patients, the mean ± SD age of patients was 36.6 ± 11.7 years. The mean body weight was 80.0 ± 16.8 kg, mean height was 176.3 ± 7.9 cm, and mean defect size was 3.3 ± 1.8 cm2. Defects were classified as Outerbridge grade III or IV. A repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to compare outcomes across all time points. Results: The median follow-up time for the patients in this cohort was 4.56 ± 2.92 years. Significant improvement ( P < .001) in all scores was observed at 1 to 2 years after AMIC, and improved values were noted up to 7 years postoperatively. Among all patients, the mean preoperative Lysholm score was 46.9 ± 19.6. At the 1-year follow-up, a significantly higher mean Lysholm score was noted, with maintenance of the favorable outcomes at 7-year follow-up. The KOOS also showed a significant improvement of postoperative values compared with preoperative data. The mean VAS had significantly decreased during the 7-year follow-up. Age, sex, and defect size did not have a significant effect on the outcomes. Conclusion: AMIC is an effective method of treating chondral defects of the knee and leads to reliably favorable results up to 7 years postoperatively.
Anterolateral ligament reconstruction associated with hamstring ACL reconstruction reduces the rate of repeat graft ruptures in a population of young athletes at follow-up in 2 years
Authors: Laboudie Pierre , Douiri Adil , Graveleau Nicolas , Bouguennec Nicolas , Biset Alexandre 
Published: February 2021

Objectives: The rate of repeat graft ruptures in young athletes is a major concern after ACL reconstruction. Our objective was to evaluate the association between two reconstruction techniques and repeat ruptures, repeat surgery, return to sports and complications in center playing sportspersons younger than 20 years of age. Methods: A prospective study was conducted in patients under 20 years of age who were center players and who had primary ACL reconstruction with a semitendinosus graft (ST4) by a suspension technique, or a semitendinosus graft with suspension technique combined with independent anterolateral ligament reconstruction (ST4+ALL). Patients were followed up in a minimum of 2 years. Survival data from the Kaplan-Meier analysis were used as well as multivariate logistic regression to identify risk factors for repeat rupture. 203 patients (mean age, 16.3±2 years) with a mean follow-up of 40.6±11 months (24-63 months) were included. There were 101 patients in the ST4 group, and 102 patients in the ST4+ALL group. Results: There was a 9.9% repeat in ruptures in the ST4 group versus 5.8% in the ST4+ALL group (p=0.288). The rate of repeat ruptures in the ST4+ALL group was 5 times lower than in the ST4 group in multivariate analysis (odds ratio [OR], 0.201; 95% CI, 0.044-0.922). There was a 6.9% rate of secondary meniscal procedures in the ST4 group versus 1.9% in the ST4+ALL group (p=0.101). Differential laxity was 1.3±1.3 (-2 - 5) in the ST4 group versus 0.9±1.3 (-6 - 4.8) in the ST4+ALL group (p=0.008). There was a 42.2% return to the same sports level in the ST4 group versus 52% in the ST4+ALL group (p=0.178). The mean postoperative scores at the last follow-up were: IKDC: 83.3±14.3 and 82±14.4; ACL-RSI: 69.8±23.5 and 67.4±22.4; Tegner: 6.6±1.8 and 6.9±1.8 and Lysholm: 86.4±15.2 and 86±16.8; for ST4 and ST4+ALL groups, respectively. Conclusion: Anterolateral ligament reconstruction reduces the rate of repeat ruptures in athletes younger than 20 years of age after a semitendinosus graft. It is also associated with fewer secondary meniscal procedures, better control of laxity and a better rate of return to the same level of sports without further complications.
Assessment of genetic referrals and outcomes for women with triple negative breast cancer in regional cancer centres in Australia
Authors: Hallenstein Lucie G. , Sorensen Carol , Hodgson Lorraine , Wen Shelly , Westhuyzen Justin , Hansen Carmen , Last Andrew T. J. , Amalaseelan Julan V. , Salindera Shehnarz , Ross William , Spigelman Allan D. , Shakespeare Thomas P. , Aherne Noel J. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Guidelines for referral to cancer genetics service for women diagnosed with triple negative breast cancer have changed over time. This study was conducted to assess the changing referral patterns and outcomes for women diagnosed with triple negative breast cancer across three regional cancer centres during the years 2014–2018.

Methods
Following ethical approval, a retrospective electronic medical record review was performed to identify those women diagnosed with triple negative breast cancer, and whether they were referred to a genetics service and if so, the outcome of that genetics assessment and/or genetic testing.

Results
There were 2441 women with newly diagnosed breast cancer seen at our cancer services during the years 2014–2018, of whom 237 women were diagnosed with triple negative breast cancer. Based on age of diagnosis criteria alone, 13% (31/237) of our cohort fulfilled criteria for genetic testing, with 81% (25/31) being referred to a cancer genetics service. Of this group 68% (21/31) were referred to genetics services within our regions and went on to have genetic testing with 10 pathogenic variants identified; 5x BRCA1, 4x BRCA2 and × 1 ATM:c.7271 T > G.

Conclusions
Referral pathways for women diagnosed with TNBC to cancer genetics services are performing well across our cancer centres. We identified a group of women who did not meet eligibility criteria for referral at their time of diagnosis, but would now be eligible, as guidelines have changed. The use of cross-discipline retrospective data reviews is a useful tool to identify patients who could benefit from being re-contacted over time for an updated cancer genetics assessment.