bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Long Does it Last? The Enduring Benefits of Neurodiversity Training and Diagnostic Disclosure on Hiring Outcomes for Adults with ASD
Authors: May Cynthia P. , Whelpley Christopher E. , Moyer Levi , Feingold Lillian M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Even when perceived as highly qualified, job candidates with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are less likely to be hired after a job interview than their neurotypical (NT) counterparts. However, when NT individuals receive training about neurodiversity and are aware of an ASD diagnosis, preliminary evidence suggests hiring outcomes for candidates with ASD are significantly more positive, at least when training occurs immediately before evaluation. This study examined whether the benefits of neurodiversity training coupled with diagnostic disclosure extend to the general population and persist over time. Participants included undergraduate students and individuals from the general U.S. population recruited through Prolific. They completed neurodiversity training either two weeks or two months before reviewing taped interviews of job candidates with and without ASD. They rated candidates on several social dimensions (e.g., trustworthiness, likeability, awkwardness) and indicated how likely they were to hire each candidate. Although candidates with ASD were rated less favorably on some social characteristics (e.g., awkwardness, similarity) relative to NT candidates, they were rated similarly on other dimensions (e.g., trustworthiness), and at both delays were just as likely to be hired as NT candidates. These findings suggest that evaluators who engage in neurodiversity training and receive diagnostic information about ASD candidates are favorably inclined to hire ASD candidates, and this positive disposition towards ASD candidates persists for several months after neurodiversity training.
Exploring Parent Perspectives: A Qualitative Study on the Impact of Post-Separation Domestic Abuse on Children
Authors: Millar Rosalyn , Hardy Caoilfhionn , McLaughlin Katrina 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to explore mothers’ perceptions of the impact post-separation abuse has on their children. Despite ample research exploring the impacts of domestic abuse on an international scale, literature concerning post-separation abuse is lacking. Internationally, there has been a historical permissiveness towards experiences of coercive control, whereby non-physical acts have only recently become criminalizable. This has led to judicial proceedings minimizing women’s experiences during child contact/residence proceedings. Minimization can lead to post-separation abuse, facilitated by continued contact between a perpetrator, their victim and child. The effects of which were rarely acknowledged.

Methods
17 in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with service users of the domestic abuse support organization, Women's Aid. All participants had experienced instances of coercive control in their previous intimate partner relationship prior to seeking support from Women's Aid. All participants had also undergone child contact litigative proceedings.

Results
Five themes emerged: (1) Loss, (2) Diminished control, (3) Psychoemotional impacts (4) And so, it continues… and (5) Experiencing parent to child abuse.

Conclusions
Perpetrators often use children as vessels against their mothers to exert power and control, furthering emotional turmoil, regardless of the impact upon the child. Children experienced “an awful lot of loss” attributed to continued contact with their abusive father. This research indicates that the prioritization of a pro-contact approach and minimization of experiences of coercive control illicit ill-effects which permeate many aspects of children’s lives. This can lead to short and long term behavioral, emotional, and mental problems, and exposure to further abuse.
Domain generalization via content factors isolation: a two-level latent variable modeling approach
Authors: Gao Erdun , Bondell Howard , Huang Shaoli , Gong Mingming 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The purpose of domain generalization is to develop models that exhibit a higher degree of generality, meaning they perform better when evaluated on data coming from previously unseen distributions. Models obtained via traditional methods often cannot distinguish between label-specific and domain-related features in the latent space. To confront this difficulty, we propose formulating a novel data generation process using a latent variable model and postulating a partition of the latent space into content and style parts while allowing for statistical dependency to exist between them. In this model, the distribution of content factors associated with observations belonging to the same class depends on only the label corresponding to that class. In contrast, the distribution of style factors has an additional dependency on the domain variable. We derive constraints that suffice to recover the collection of content factors block-wise and the collection of style factors component-wise while guaranteeing the isolation of content factors. This allows us to produce a stable predictor solely relying on the latent content factors. Building upon these theoretical insights, we propose a practical and efficient algorithm for determining the latent variables under the variational auto-encoder framework. Our simulations with dependent latent variables produce results consistent with our theory, and real-world experiments show that our method outperforms the competitors.
Pedochemical fractionation of potentially toxic elements within the context of soil–plant interactions at abandoned heap-field of Caporciano (Italy)
Authors: Andráš Peter , Midula Pavol , Kmeťová Jarmila , Ševčíková Janka , Tomaškin Ján , Drímal Marek , Janštová Jana , Masný Matej , Kharbish Sherif 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Technosols from the heap of the abandoned Italian Cu deposit Caporciano contain important amounts of potentially toxic elements (Crtot., Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb). Copper contents exceed the Italian law limits for industrial/commercial sites. The studied metals in Pinus sylvestris and Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. show strategy of excluders (bioconcentration factor < 1.0) except Ni and Pb (calculated for branches and leaves in Pinus sylvestris) while the translocation factor indicates preferential metal accumulation to leaves/needles (translocation factor > 1.0) in both plant speciments.At the heap the contents of the chlorophyll in leaves in the photosynthetic tissues of Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. (8.56 CCI—chlorophyll content index) are significantly lower as those measured at reference area (17.71 CCI). The goal of the study is to use a modified methodology for the fractional analysis of soils for the determination of the potential bioavailability of potentially toxic elements in six steps. The innovative steps of sequential analysis are adapted with respect to the release of PTEs from the clay mineral surfaces. (fraction I: 1 M ammonium acetate at pH 7; fraction II: ammonium acetate at pH 5; fraction III: H2O2 in ammonium acetate buffer solution; fraction IV: acidic 0.2 M ammonium oxalate (pH 3.2); fraction V: 0.2 M ammonium oxalate and 0.1 M ascorbic acid mixture; fraction VI: 0.5 M ammonium acetate; pH 6). The best bioavailable metals are Cd, Cu, Zn and Pb. The obtained results enable international comparison with similar Cu-deposits.
Better than My Father or Better than His Absence: Understanding How Variation in Patterns of Absence Influence Intentions for Fatherhood
Authors: Alemu Matthew 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Previous research and policy implementation on absentee fatherhood maintains an overly narrow conception of absence based solely on residency. This paper argues that absence is a variegated experience for many that is inadequately captured through the resident/non-resident binary. Qualitative interviews with 26 men on their experiences growing up with non-residential fathers revealed four ideal-typical patterns of residential absence. The four ideal-types of absence are Consistent, Inconsistent, Extended, and Absolute. This research demonstrates how these four types of absence are each uniquely consequential for how these men make sense of their fathers and conceptualize fatherhood. The paper concludes with policy and research considerations for scholars, policymakers, and practitioners.
The effects of stigma and social support on the health-related quality of life of people with drug resistance tuberculosis in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Adejumo Olusola Adedeji , Jinabhai Champaklal , Daniel Olusoji , Haffejee Firoza 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
This study assessed the effects of TB stigma and social support on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of people living with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) in Lagos, Nigeria.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in five DR-TB treatment centres in Lagos, Nigeria, between September and December 2023. A total of 203 adults on DR-TB treatment were recruited to complete a questionnaire including the Redwood DR-TB stigma scale, the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-TB (FACCIT) scale, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Student ‘t’ test/one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, and hierarchical linear regression analysis were conducted to explore the factors associated with HRQoL and the relationships between stigma, social support, and HRQoL.

Results
The mean overall HRQoL was 41.1 ± 12.9 among people with DR-TB. The HRQoL score of the physical domain was the lowest (25.8 ± 13.8). Participants who were young, male, single, with higher education, and HIV-negative had higher HRQoL than their counterparts (p < 0.05). Stigma was negatively associated with HRQoL, while social support was positively related, collectively explaining 57.6% of the variance. In the final model, social support contributed more (B = 0.576) to predicting HRQoL than did stigma (B = − 0.414).

Conclusion
The overall HRQoL of people with DR-TB in Lagos, Nigeria, was poor. Strategies that improve social support systems and reduce stigma are needed to improve this. Further studies are also required to assess the changes in HRQoL over time and evaluate the impact of specific stigma-reduction interventions.
Quality of life outcomes in colorectal cancer survivors: insights from an observational study at a tertiary cancer center
Authors: Marchewczyk Pola , Costeira Beatriz , da Silva Francisca Brito , Cavadas Daniela , Abecasis Nuno , Limbert Manuel , Maciel João 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Colorectal cancer (CRC) significantly impacts the quality of life (QoL) of survivors, yet detailed assessments of long-term QoL are sparse. This study evaluates QoL among CRC survivors, examining the influence of different treatments and patient characteristics on outcomes.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study at a tertiary cancer center in Portugal, enrolling CRC patients who underwent curative surgery from 2013 to 2022. QoL was assessed using the EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-CR29 at 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year follow-up intervals. Subgroup analyses were performed based on tumor location, radiotherapy administration, chemotherapy administration, presence of a stoma, and time since treatment, with sociodemographic and clinical factors examined on univariate and multivariate analysis.

Results
Of the 825 eligible patients, 324 were invited and 179 participated (response rate: 55.2%). Overall, patients reported high global QoL and functional scores with low symptom scores, comparable to those of the general population. However, rectal cancer survivors experienced poorer outcomes in role and social functioning, body image, and symptom management. Those receiving radiotherapy or chemotherapy reported more symptoms, with chemotherapy recipients showing lower functional scores. Patients with a stoma had significantly lower QoL across functional and symptom scales. Long-term survivors reported decreased physical functioning. Multivariate analysis identified female gender, open surgery, and chemotherapy as factors associated with reduced QoL.

Conclusion
This study highlights significant disparities in QoL outcomes between CRC survivors, with QoL influenced by gender, cancer location, radiotherapy or chemotherapy, stoma presence, and survivorship duration, underscoring the need for personalized support programs and tailored care plans.
Attenuation measurements on non-contrast-enhanced CT brain: a re-visit of their role in the diagnosis of cerebral venous thrombosis
Authors: Abdrabou Ahmed , Osman Ahmed M. , Taha Noha M. , Darwish Eman A. F. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
To determine the diagnostic merit of using quantitative imaging parameters measured on non-contrast CT (NCCT) in the diagnosis of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT).

Materials and methods
43 patients with CVT and 30 age and sex-matched controls were enrolled in this retrospective study. Two blinded neuroradiologists independently assessed the NCCT scans for direct and indirect signs of CVT. Absolute attenuation values of thrombosed and non-thrombosed sinuses were measured and the ratio of sinus attenuation to patient’s hematocrit (H/H ratio) was calculated for each case. The attenuation value of the internal carotid artery was also measured to calculate the veno-arterial (V/A) difference. Inter-reader agreement was evaluated and all measurements were compared between patient and control groups.

Results
The sensitivity and specificity of the dense sinus sign for diagnosis of CVT ranged from 72 to 79% and from 83 to 87% respectively. Sinus attenuation, H/H ratio and V/A difference were significantly higher in the CVT group than in the control group (P < 0.0001). An attenuation threshold value of > 55 HU yielded a sensitivity of 86% and a specificity of 90% and had the largest AUC of 0.89 (95%CI 0.795–0.951) among all stand-alone parameters, while the combination of an attenuation value greater than 55, or a V/A difference greater than 22, yielded the best diagnostic performance among all the parameters with sensitivity and specificity at values of 86% and a 100% respectively and an AUC of 0.93 (95%CI 0.846 to 0.977).

Conclusions
Overall, the analysis of quantitative parameters resulted in a notable upgrade in the accuracy of the diagnosis of CVT over visual inspection alone. Their high specificities make them reliable markers of CVT, yet their relatively lower sensitivities may indicate a need to perform further studies to safely eliminate the possibility of CVT in highly suspicious cases.
Trial registration number: FMASU R 10/2020/2021.
Primary Care Physician Perceptions of the Impact of CMS E/M Coding Changes and Associations with Changes in EHR Time
Authors: Maisel Natalya , Thombley Robert , Sinsky Christine A. , Blake Kathleen , Overhage J. Marc , Grumbach Kevin , Willard-Grace Rachel , Carlasare Lindsey , Adler-Milstein Julia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
In 2021, CMS changed ambulatory evaluation and management (E/M) documentation requirements to reduce physician documentation burden. No prior work has assessed primary care physician (PCP) perceptions of the impact of these changes.

Objective
To determine whether physicians both perceived and objectively experienced a reduction in documentation time.

Design
We used cross-sectional and longitudinal survey data of PCPs and linked it to electronic health record (EHR) data. The setting was a large academic medical center (UCSF Health).

Participants
Eighty-seven PCPs.

Main Measures
Physicians completed pre- and post-surveys about whether the CMS changes affected the amount of time and effort they spent on documentation. We compared survey data to objective audit log measures of documentation time per E/M encounter.

Key Results
PCPs perceived spending less time and effort on documentation of Review of Systems (84% reported a moderate or significant decrease) and History of Present Illness and Physical Exam (41%) after the E/M coding change. Further, we found a shift towards PCPs perceiving that they spend more time on clinically meaningful documentation. We did not find a significant association between perceived and actual changes in documentation time (b= −0.01, s.e.=0.019, p=0.666 for History of Present Illness and Physical Exam; b= −0.01, s.e.=0.021, p=0.780 for Review of Systems). Limitations of the study included using data from a single site and a relatively small sample of PCPs.

Conclusions
PCPs perceived spending less time and effort on documentation after implementation of the 2021 CMS E/M coding changes, changes intended to reduce documentation burden. Using physician perception as an indicator can potentially contribute to understanding the impact of federal policies aimed at reducing documentation burden.
Dimensionality Reduction for Clustering of Nonlinear Industrial Data: A Tutorial
Authors: Roh Hae Rang , Kim Chae Sun , Lee Yongseok , Lee Jong Min 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Dimensionality reduction is essential for industrial process data with numerous nonlinear variables to retain only the important features for visualization or subsequent tasks. This study serves as a tutorial demonstrating how various dimensionality reduction techniques perform as the complexity of process variables in toy examples increases. Among the variables, there are those containing fault signals, aiming to demonstrate the process of performing a fault detection task. The results evaluated based on three criteria showed that Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) demonstrated notable results, particularly with sparse and noisy data, while also offering adequate robustness to out-of-sample test data. This tutorial provides guidance on selecting the appropriate dimensionality reduction technique based on data complexity, ultimately enabling more effective execution of subsequent tasks.
Implementation of Virtual Reality Technology in Architecture Field, and Education: A Review
Authors: Elbadawy Henar , Farouk Abdelaziz 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Nowadays, the architectural design process became more complex, the exponential growth of the architectural field, Made the design more critical for the designers, and student to understand. While creating an outstanding building, it must be free of clashes and well-coordinated. The rapid development of computer technology has accelerated the progress of architectural technology, and the application of virtual reality technology has become more and more common. Virtual reality (VR) provides a completely digital world of interaction that enables the users to modify, edit, and transform digital elements responsively. It has strong integration and comprehensive characteristics and covers many technologies such as computer graphics, simulation, artificial intelligence, sensing, display, and network processing. This paper focuses on adapting the already-existing methods and tools in architecture to the VR environment under the sustainable and architectural design domain. For this purpose, this literature benefits from the semantically enriched data platforms of Scientific Articles on Virtual Reality, BIM, Architectural design, and green building, which in the end state the potentiality of Virtual Reality in the Architectural field through different aspects. It plays an important role in optimizing and simulating architectural buildings and improving them to an optimum design. It facilitates the design process to get the optimum design through different programs, which leads us to BIM and collaboration between team members in order to Imagine and coordinate between different trades. The VR illustrates the important role of Green Building, through simulation and tests of the building before initiating it. Not only the simulation but the life cycle. Whereas its importance in education for both Students and teachers.
Expanding treatment indications in chronic hepatitis B: Should we treat all patients?
Authors: Hui Rex Wan-Hin , Mak Lung-Yi , Fung James , Seto Wai-Kay , Yuen Man-Fung 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUCs) are first-line agents for chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Current guidelines provide recommendations for NUC initiation, yet the guidelines are complex and restrictive. Accumulating data on hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication and HBV integration suggests that there are no real quiescent disease phases in CHB, and treatment-ineligible patients in current guidelines still have substantial risks of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Expanding CHB treatment indications can effectively reduce the risks of liver-related complications. Furthermore, treatment indication expansion can be cost-effective, and can simplify care pathways to remove treatment barriers. Potential caveats for treatment expansion include risks of non-compliance, long-term side effects from NUCs, and poor patient acceptability. Nonetheless, these caveats are not insurmountable, and the benefits of treatment expansion outweigh the disadvantages. There is consensus among hepatologists in supporting treatment indication expansion, although expert panels have varying recommendations on treatment strategies. A treat-all approach, which involves treating all CHB patients, has also been proposed. A treat-all strategy is straightforward, and should yield the greatest benefits from a population health perspective. However, the feasibility of new treatment strategies, especially the treat-all approach, is influenced by multiple factors including local epidemiology, healthcare resource availability, and socioeconomic factors. A one-size-fits-all approach is not optimal, and treatment expansion strategies that are tailored based on local data should yield the greatest impact toward hepatitis elimination.
Advancing Mediterranean food integrity: assessing a digital tool for consumer empowerment and traceability
Authors: Cea Gloria , Lombroni Ivana , Merino-Barbancho Beatriz , Dantas Adrián , Mallo Irene , Tsotsolas Nikos , Banias Georgios F. , Arredondo María Teresa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The Mediterranean Diet is widely renowned for its benefits in promoting longevity and well-being. However, ensuring the authenticity and traceability of Mediterranean food products remains a significant challenge. To tackle this, the food industry must adopt transparent and reliable supply chain practices that includes leveraging innovative technologies, essential to meet consumer demands, enhance efficiency, and promote sustainability. This study aims to validate the feasibility of the Med Food TTHubs Consumer App ensuring that the digital solution meets the needs and expectations of the target audience facilitating consumer adoption. User perceptions were assessed using the System Usability Scale (SUS) and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) with 21 participants. SUS analysis showed an average score of 74.5, indicating the solution’s acceptability fell short of good usability criteria. Notably, 66.7% found it acceptable (SUS Score ≥ 68), and 47.6% rated it as having good usability (SUS Score ≥ 80). TAM revealed a positive perception, showing potential acceptance and adoption. The acceptable Cronbach’s Alpha value of 0.721 indicates internal consistency. This digital solution emerges as an encouraging tool to enhance transparency, traceability, and consumer empowerment in the food sector. Despite identified usability issues, its user-friendly interface and comprehensive information contribute to informed decision-making and healthier food choices.