bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Open‐Label Study Assessing the Efficacy and Tolerability of a Skincare Regimen in Subjects of Different Ethnicities with Moderate‐to‐Severe Hyperpigmentation
Authors: Wenner Kimberly , Ramberg Tiffany 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundHyperpigmentation is a common cosmetic concern that significantly impacts self‐esteem. A skincare regimen has been developed to improve the appearance, tone, texture, and luminosity of subjects with facial hyperpigmentation (Even Up® Hyperpigmentation Regimen; Colorescience, Inc., Carlsbad, CA).AimsThe objective of this open‐label trial was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of this regimen for treating facial hyperpigmentation.Patients/MethodsSubjects with moderate‐to‐severe facial hyperpigmentation (N = 33) were randomized to those not using prescription, advanced or physician‐dispensed skin care products (Group A, n = 23) and those currently using prescription, advanced or physician‐dispensed skincare products for facial hyperpigmentation (Group B, n = 10). Both groups were provided three skincare products comprising the hyperpigmentation regimen and instructions for use. Subjects were evaluated at baseline and Weeks 2, 4, 8 and 12.ResultsThe overall median (range) baseline MASI score at baseline was 9.0 (2, 31), decreasing by 0.0 (−7, 0) points at Week 2 (p = 0.002), 0.6 (−8, 0) points at Week 4 (p < 0.0001), 1.5 (−16, 0) points by Week 8 (p < 0.0001) and 2.4 (−20, 0) points at Week 12 (p < 0.0001). At Week 12, the overall median improvement in MASI score was 26% and higher for Group B (32% vs. 22%). By Week 2, subjects reported lighter, less noticeable brown spots (76%), brighter, more luminous skin (88%), more even skin tone (67%), and healthier look and feel (85%). Improvements continued throughout the study. No adverse events were observed or reported.ConclusionsThis regimen addresses facial hyperpigmentation and protects skin against the damaging effects of ultraviolet and high energy visible light (HEV). It is safe to use on all skin types and tones.
Effectiveness of horticultural therapy on physical functioning and psychological health outcomes for older adults: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Lin Yanping , Lin Rongjin , Liu Wenyan , Wu Weiwei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo systematically determine the effectiveness of horticultural therapy (HT) on the physical functioning and psychological health of older people.BackgroundWith advancing age and increased chronic diseases, older adults are vulnerable to physical deterioration and psychological problems. There is evidence that horticultural therapy (HT) has positive effect among older adults. However, less attention has been devoted to systematically evaluating the physical functioning and psychological health effects of HT in older adults.DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis were conducted based on the checklist for PRISMA.MethodsThe searches were conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane, China Network Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan Fang, and China Science and Technology Journal Database, from their inception until June 2021. Randomised controlled trials published in either English or Chinese were reviewed. The Review Manager 5.4 software was used for meta‐analyses. The quality of included studies was evaluated using the Cochrane risk of bias tool by two independent researchers.ResultsTen studies involving 884 participants were included. Compared with the control group, HT can significantly improve upper body flexibility and aerobic endurance in older adults with cancer. Besides, HT was found to be more effective for promoting emotional functioning and well‐being, subjective social functioning, and quality of life among the elderly. The attendance rate for HT was 66%–100%, and no negative events were found.ConclusionHorticultural therapy has potentially positive effects on the physical functioning and psychological health of older adults. However, more rigorous randomised controlled trials with larger populations are required to confirm the findings.Relevance to clinical practiceAs a safe and promising nonpharmacological intervention, healthcare professionals may consider the HT intervention when caring for older adults with cancer, dementia and frailty.
Lifetime obesity trends are associated with subclinical myocardial injury: The Trøndelag health study
Authors: Lyngbakken Magnus Nakrem , de Lemos James A. , Hveem Kristian , Røsjø Helge , Omland Torbjørn 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundObesity is associated with subclinical myocardial injury as quantified by concentrations of cardiac troponin T, but whether lifetime excess weight history is associated with increased concentrations of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and how indices of abdominal adiposity and glycemic dysregulation affect these associations remain unclear.MethodsWe analyzed cTnI with a high‐sensitivity assay in 9739 participants in the Trøndelag Health (HUNT) Study at study visit 4 (2017–2019). BMI was assessed at study Visit 1 (1984–1986), 2 (1995–1997), 3 (2006–2008), and 4.ResultsMedian age at visit 4 was 68.7 years and 59% were women. Concentrations of cTnI were detectable in 84.1% of study participants, with a median of 2.5 (1.5–4.5 ng/L). We identified three clusters of BMI trajectories from visit 1 to 4, (1) stable normal weight, (2) stable overweight, and (3) stable obesity. Participants in clusters 2 and 3 were at increased risk of elevated concentrations of cTnI at visit 4 (odds ratio 1.27, 95% CI 1.09–1.47, and odds ratio 1.70, 95% CI 1.33–2.17, p for trend <0.001). Participants in cluster 3 had 22.0 (95% CI 14.1–29.9) higher concentrations of cTnI compared to participants in cluster 1 (p for trend <0.001). Dysregulated glucose metabolism and abdominal obesity did not influence our results.ConclusionsIndividuals with stable overweight or obesity are at increased risk of subclinical myocardial injury, independently of glycemic dysregulation and abdominal adiposity. Our data support a direct detrimental effect of long‐standing obesity on cardiovascular health.
How does receiving gossip from coworkers influence employees’ task performance and interpersonal deviance? The moderating roles of regulatory focus and the mediating role of vicarious learning
Authors: Zhu Qianlin , Martinescu Elena , Beersma Bianca , Wei Feng 
Published: October 2021

Based on social learning theory and regulatory focus theory, we propose that receiving positive and negative gossip from coworkers increases individuals’ vicarious learning, which subsequently improves their adaptive behaviours in the workplace, namely, increasing task performance and decreasing interpersonal deviance. Furthermore, we propose that gossip receivers’ regulatory foci determine the extent to which receivers engage in vicarious learning and change their behaviours. Results from two studies testing a moderated mediation model (Study 1: N = 214; Study 2: N = 189) showed that negative and positive gossip were indirectly related to increased receivers’ task performance and decreased interpersonal deviance through vicarious learning. The indirect effect of negative gossip was stronger for receivers with a high prevention focus, and the indirect effect of positive gossip was stronger for receivers with a high promotion focus. This research documents the beneficial role of receiving gossip from coworkers and advances our understanding of its consequences in the workplace.Practitioner points

Managers should recognize gossip as a potentially effective channel for disseminating information, providing a valuable learning tool for the receivers, which they use according to their learning needs, as shaped by their regulatory focus.

Organizations could implement measures to share experiences and bolster employees’ vicarious learning through other means than gossip to mitigate potential negative effects of workplace gossip for the targets.

Managers should support higher transparency and access to information to facilitate learning and improve organizational effectiveness.
Cross‐sectional survey of Australian and New Zealand clinical staff to explore attitudes regarding medication prescription and administration during neonatal emergencies
Authors: Nguyen Timothy , Illipparampil Rosin , Wylie Liana , Cohen Naomi S , Clark Megan , Bhatia Risha , Duthie Kate , Craig Simon 
Published: October 2021

AimTo survey Australasian neonatal medical and nursing staff to determine confidence regarding medication use, prior experience with medication errors and common resources utilised in neonatal emergencies.MethodsData were collected through a cross‐sectional online survey distributed to clinical staff affiliated with the Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network. Information collected included: demographics, confidence in medication use, medication errors and resources used to assist with medication administration. Outcomes were compared between medical staff and nursing staff, and between clinical staff with differing levels of clinical experience (<5 years, 5–10 years and >10 years).ResultsRespondents (n = 133) were most confident in calculating medication doses (89%, n = 119), but least confident in prescribing medication (50%, n = 67). Nurses were more likely to be confident than doctors with respect to appropriately diluting and drawing up medication (88% nurses vs. 28% doctors, P < 0.0001), and administering intravenous medications to critically ill neonates (97% nurses vs. 82% doctors, P < 0.01). Over half of respondents reported being personally involved in a medication error in the last 12 months: 33% had been involved in an error related to delayed administration, 18% related to incorrect documentation and 17% related to an incorrect dose. Free‐text responses highlighted issues relating to adrenaline (epinephrine) administration and difficulties with equipment (syringe drivers and/or infusion pumps).ConclusionsMedication errors in neonatal emergencies are common. Strategies to reduce such errors should be implemented in settings where neonates may require emergency care or resuscitation.
Early versus delayed introduction of human milk fortification in enterally fed preterm infants: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Hilditch Cathie , Keir Amy , Collins Carmel T , Middleton Philippa , Gomersall Judith 
Published: October 2021

AimTo assess effects of early versus delayed introduction of human milk fortification in preterm infants.MethodsWe searched Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed and CINAHL for randomised controlled trials evaluating start time for human milk fortification in preterm infants (March 2020). Two authors assessed trial eligibility and risk of bias, extracted data and assessed evidence certainty.ResultsWe identified 1307 publications and included three trials (378 infants). Meta‐analysis comparing fortification commencing at an enteral feed volume of ≤40 mL/kg/day versus ≥75 mL/kg/day, showed little to no difference in rates of necrotising enterocolitis (3 trials), sepsis (3 trials), feeding intolerance (2 trials) (low‐quality evidence) and infant growth (1 trial, very low‐quality evidence).ConclusionsWhether early introduction of fortification, at an enteral feed volume of ≤40 mL versus delayed at ≥75 mL/kg/day improves growth or influences adverse feeding outcomes is very uncertain.
Examining the Effectiveness of a Legislative Advocacy Program for Parents of Individuals With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Burke Meghan , Rossetti Zach , Li Chak 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGiven the expertise of parents of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD), it is important to include their voices in disability legislation. Although, historically, parents of children with IDD have spearheaded disability policy, in the past few decades, parent legislative advocacy has been minimal. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of a legislative advocacy program for parents of individuals with IDD. Specifically, using an intervention and wait list control group, we sought to determine whether the legislative advocacy program resulted in increases in special education knowledge, empowerment, and civic engagement. We found that intervention (vs. the wait list control) group participants demonstrated significant increases in special education knowledge and empowerment. Implications for research, policy, and practice are discussed.
Plasma and joint tissue pharmacokinetics of two doses of oral cannabidiol oil in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus)
Authors: Spittler Alexa P. , Helbling Joel E. , McGrath Stephanie , Gustafson Daniel L. , Santangelo Kelly S. , Sadar Miranda J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCannabidiol (CBD) has gained widespread popularity as a treatment for osteoarthritis (OA) in pets; however, there is minimal scientific evidence regarding safe and effective dosing. This study determined plasma and tissue pharmacokinetics after oral CBD oil suspension administration in Hartley guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus), which spontaneously develop OA at 3 months of age. Ten, 5‐month‐old, male guinea pigs were randomly assigned to receive 25 (n = 5) or 50 mg/kg (n = 5) CBD oil once orally. Blood samples were collected at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h timepoints. Open‐field enclosure monitoring revealed no adverse effects. After euthanasia, stifle cartilage and infrapatellar fat pads were collected to quantitate CBD. CBD concentrations were determined using a validated liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry method, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using noncompartmental analysis. The area under the plasma concentration‐versus‐time curve was 379.5 and 873.7 h*ng/mL, maximum plasma concentration was 42 and 96.8 ng/mL, time to maximum plasma concentration was 1.6 and 4.8 h, and terminal phase half‐life was 8.1 and 10.8 h for the 25 and 50 mg/kg doses, respectively. CBD was detected in joint tissues of all animals. Further studies, including work in female guinea pigs, are needed to determine the efficacy of CBD for OA.
Medium‐ to large‐bodied mammal surveys across the Neotropics are heavily biased against the most faunally intact assemblages
Authors: Bogoni Juliano A. , Peres Carlos A. , Ferraz Katia M.P.M.B. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBiodiversity inventories provide critical information on the ecology of natural ecosystems and inform conservation planning at local to regional scales.Based on a systematic review, we compiled data on over 1000 mammal inventories conducted throughout the Neotropics – from Mexico to Argentina – to document the status of assemblage‐wide field mammalogy in the world’s most biodiverse Tropical realm.We analysed data using descriptive statistics and a confusion matrix to understand the prevalence of species' pseudo‐absences, map overall patterns of survey density, and quantify any geographic sampling bias.Based on the 1028 site‐specific inventories published between 1983 and 2020, mean species richness of medium‐ to large‐bodied mammals was 11.9 (± 8.8 standard deviation). Local inventories were distributed across elevational gradients, and overall sampling effort and survey techniques employed were extremely variable. The best‐sampled regions were the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and Mesoamerica, but we identified nine large assemblage‐wide Wallacean shortfalls and a pseudo‐absence rate of 11% (± 4% standard deviation); geographic sampling bias was largely related to human population density, regardless of the assemblages’ intactness presumably found in the undersampled wilderness regions of the Neotropics.We document the 40‐year legacy of mammal field surveys throughout the Neotropics, where several glaring knowledge shortfalls still persist. This calls for an audacious research agenda for future Neotropical mammal studies, which should target sampling in more remote areas, standardise sampling methodology, and provide high‐resolution data that can be used to fill current knowledge shortfalls. To do so, Latin American countries and the wider international community will need to commit greater personnel and financial resources to understanding biodiversity patterns and processes related to the Tropical vertebrate fauna.
Mineralogy, petrology, and oxygen‐isotope compositions of magnetite ± fayalite assemblages in CO3, CV3, and LL3 chondrites
Authors: Krot Alexander N. , Doyle Patricia M. , Nagashima Kazuhide , Dobrică Elena , Petaev Michail I. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe report on the mineralogy, petrology, and O‐isotope compositions of magnetite and fayalite (Fa90−100) from several metasomatically altered and weakly metamorphosed carbonaceous (Y‐81020 [CO3.05], EET 90043 [CO3.1], MAC 88107 [CO3.1‐like], and Kaba [oxidized Bali‐like CV3.1]) and unequilibrated ordinary chondrites (UOCs; Semarkona [LL3.00], MET 00452 [LL3.05], MET 96503 [LL3.05], EET 910161 [LL3.05], Ngawi [LL3.0−3.6 breccia], and Vicência [LL3.2]). In MAC 88107, EET 90043, and Kaba, nearly pure fayalite (Fa98−100) associates with phyllosilicates, magnetite, Fe,Ni‐sulfides, and hedenbergite (Fs~50Wo~50), and occurs in all chondritic components—chondrules, matrices, and refractory inclusions. In UOCs, nearly pure fayalite (Fa95−98) associates with phyllosilicates and magnetite, and occurs mainly in matrices and fine‐grained chondrule rims. Oxygen‐isotope compositions of fayalite and magnetite in UOCs, COs, CVs, and MAC 88107 are in disequilibrium with those of chondrule olivine and low‐Ca pyroxene phenocrysts, and plot along mass‐dependent fractionation lines with slope of ~0.5, but different Δ17O (~+4.3 ± 1.4‰, −0.2 ± 0.6‰, −1.5 ± 1‰, and −1.8 ± 0.8‰, respectively). Based on the mineralogical observations, thermodynamic analysis, O‐isotope compositions, and recently reported experimental data, we infer that (1) fayalite and magnetite in COs, CVs, MAC 88107, and UOCs resulted from aqueous fluid–rock interaction on the chondrite parent asteroids that occurred at low local water‐to‐rock mass ratios (0.1−0.4) and elevated temperatures (~100−300 °C), and (2) Δ17O of fayalite and magnetite reflects O‐isotope compositions of aqueous fluids on the host meteorite parent bodies. The observed differences in Δ17O of fayalite–magnetite assemblages in UOCs, CVs, COs, and MAC 88107 suggest that water ices that accreted into the ordinary chondrite and carbonaceous chondrite parent asteroids had different Δ17O, implying spatial and/or temporal variations in O‐isotope compositions of water in the protoplanetary disk.
Petrography, mineralogy, and geochemistry of a new lunar magnesian feldspathic meteorite Northwest Africa 11460
Authors: Cao Haijun , Ling Zongcheng , Chen Jian , Fu Xiaohui , Zou Yongliao 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLunar meteorite Northwest Africa (NWA) 11460 has been classified as a polymict breccia, composed of feldspathic clasts, mafic‐rich clasts (gabbroic and troctolitic fragments), granulites, and a wide range of impact melt breccias and dimict breccias. The non‐mare clasts have chemical affinities in major element composition to the Apollo ferroan anorthosites (FAN) and magnesian‐suite plutonic rocks. In contrast, incompatible trace element (ITE) compositions of the Mg‐richer clasts are more consistent with those of FANs rather than magnesian‐suite rocks. NWA 11460 has a Mg‐rich feldspathic bulk composition (FeO = 4.53 wt%, Al2O3 = 25.87 wt%, and Mg# = 73.8) and relatively ITE‐poor (i.e., Th = 0.31 ppm and Sm = 0.65 ppm) characteristics. Feldspathic impact melt materials are approximately similar in composition to the estimated composition for the upper feldspathic lunar crust (as defined by Korotev et␣al., 2003). The ITE‐poor and Mg‐rich characteristics different from Apollo 16 feldspathic impact melts indicate that this meteorite has been possibly derived from a region distal to the nearside lunar highlands. Our analysis further suggests that NWA 11460 most likely originated from the farside of the Moon. Compositionally, Mg‐rich ITE‐poor clasts within NWA 11460 as well as those observed in other feldspathic lunar meteorites (which probably came from many different lunar regions) reveal that Mg‐rich rocks with low‐ITE components represent an important constituent of lunar crustal rocks. The diversities of highly magnesian non‐mare clasts and the low‐ITE chemistry provide geochemical clues for the genetic relationship between KREEP components and magnesian plutonic magmatism on the lunar farside.
A plant reovirus hijacks the DNAJB12–Hsc70 chaperone complex to promote viral spread in its planthopper vector
Authors: Liang Qifu , Wan Jiajia , Liu Huan , Chen Manni , Xue Taoran , Jia Dongsheng , Chen Qian , Chen Hongyan , Wei Taiyun 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMany viruses usurp the functions of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) for virus‐encoded membrane proteins proper functional folding or assembly to promote virus spread. Southern rice black‐streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV), a plant reovirus, exploits virus‐containing tubules composed of nonstructural membrane protein P7‐1 to spread in its planthopper vector Sogatella furcifera. Here, we report that two factors of the ER‐associated degradation (ERAD) machinery, the ER chaperone DNAJB12 and its cytosolic co‐chaperone Hsc70, are activated by SRBSDV to facilitate ER‐to‐cytosol export of P7‐1 tubules in S. furcifera. Both P7‐1 of SRBSDV and Hsc70 directly bind to the J‐domain of DNAJB12. DNAJB12 overexpression induces ER retention of P7‐1, but Hsc70 overexpression promotes the transport of P7‐1 from the ER to the cytosol to initiate tubule assembly. Thus, P7‐1 is initially retained in the ER by interaction with DNAJB12 and then delivered to Hsc70. Furthermore, the inhibitors of the ATPase activity of Hsc70 reduce P7‐1 tubule assembly, suggesting that the proper folding and assembly of P7‐1 tubules is dependent on the ATPase activity of Hsc70. The DNAJB12–Hsc70 chaperone complex is recruited to P7‐1 tubules in virus‐infected midgut epithelial cells in S. furcifera. The knockdown of DNAJB12 or Hsc70 strongly inhibits P7‐1 tubule assembly in vivo, finally suppressing effective viral spread in S. furcifera. Taken together, our results indicate that the DNAJB12–Hsc70 chaperone complex in the ERAD machinery facilitates the ER‐to‐cytosol transport of P7‐1 for proper assembly of tubules, enabling viral spread in insect vectors in a manner dependent on ATPase activity of Hsc70.