bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Systematic Review of Interventions Aiming To Improve Newly-Qualified Doctors’ Psychological Wellbeing in The United Kingdom
Authors: Krishnan Aditya , Odejimi Opeyemi , Bertram Ian , Chukowry Priyamvada Sneha , Tadros George 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundNewly-qualified doctors in the United Kingdom experience a great deal of stress and have poor wellbeing when compared to more senior counterparts. A number of interventions have been put in place to boost healthcare professionals’ wellbeing, but little is known about interventions aimed to improve the wellbeing of newly-qualified doctors in the United Kingdom. This study aims to systematically review current evidence of interventions which improved the wellbeing of newly-qualified junior doctors in the United Kingdom.MethodsFive key electronic databases were searched. Subsequently, reference scanning and citation search was performed. Studies were included if they were conducted from the commencement of the Foundation Programme in 2004, until 2019. In addition, studies had to be performed on junior doctors: working in the United Kingdom and within their first five years post-qualification and have a quantitative outcome. Studies which did not meet these criteria were excluded. ResultsSeven papers met the inclusion criteria and identified three main types of interventions: mentorship, mindfulness and clinical preparation interventions. The majority of included studies reported a positive result from the performed intervention, suggesting these to be beneficial in improving junior doctor wellbeing, and thereby reducing anxiety and stress levels. However, most of the studies used small sample sizes. Conclusions This review reveals that there is dearth of evidence on the effectiveness of intervention to improve the wellbeing of newly-qualified doctors in the United Kingdom. Most of the identified interventions focused on relieving stress and anxiety inherent within newly-qualified doctors’ training programmes. However, wellbeing interventions need to take into cognisance all the factors which impact on wellbeing, particularly job-related factors. We recommend that future researchers implement large-scale holistic interventions using appropriate research methods. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42019127341
Transthoracic Approach vs Transhiatal-Abdominal Approach in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Siewert Type II Esophagogastric Junctional Adenocarcinoma: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Li Huan , Zhu Xiaodong , Zhou Xinpeng , Mei Xinyu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background The surgical approach for Siewert type II adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction still remains controversial. This study aims to compare the differences between transthoracic approach and transhiatal-abdominal approach.Methods Patients with Siewert type II adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction underwent surgery from January 2010 to July 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. They were divided into transthoracic approach group and transhiatal-abdominal approach group. Postoperative complications, surgical characteristics and 5-year survival rates of the two groups were compared by Chi-square test and log-rank test respectively, and the extent of gastrectomy was analyzed in subgroups. Finally, Cox univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to predict the independent prognostic factors for long-term survival.Result A total of 255 patients with Siewert type II adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction were analyzed, 143 with transthoracic approach group, 112 with transhiatal-abdominal approach group and the 5-year survival rate was 37.8% and 40.2% respectively (P=0.575). The incidence of positive proximal margins (0.70% vs. 6.25%, P=0.023) and intraoperative bleeding volume (175.15 ± 110.44 vs. 206.57 ± 131.97 ml, P=0.046) in transthoracic approach group were lower. Transhiatal-abdominal approach group had fewer pulmonary infection (8.04% vs. 17.48%, P=0.028) and shorter hospitalization time (11.32 vs. 12.67 days, P=0.008). In subgroup analysis, the 5-year survival rate of patients treated with partial gastrectomy was better than that of patients treated with total gastrectomy (44.8% vs. 36.1%, P=0.038). Conclusion Our study shows no significant difference between the two groups with regard to long-term survival. The transthoracic approach had more advantages for proximal margin and mediastinal lymph node dissection, while the transabdominal approach had less trauma to patients. Partial gastrectomy may be sufficient for patients with locally advanced disease. T stage and N stage were independent risk factors for long-term survival.
Exploring Health-related Problems After Pediatric Congenital Heart Surgery: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Luo Wen-Yi , Ni Ping , Liu Xin-Yue , Chen Lin , Guan Yong-Mei , Zhang Hao , Zhang Ya-Qing 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: It is essential to assess the quality of life after discharge of children who have had congenital heart disease (CHD) surgery. However, the factors affecting the early quality of life of children after the operation are complex. To identify health-related problems of patients after CHD surgery from October to December 2020 by interviewing their health care providers and encoding these using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health for Children and Youth Vision (ICF-CY) to identify the elements affecting health, as well as to assist health care providers in evaluations and interventions during follow-up. Methods: Fourteen multi-center doctors, nurses, and rehabilitation specialists and 18 parents were interviewed, and the ICF-CY classification system was used for encoding and analysis. Results: Forty-nine unique ICF-CY codes were obtained, including 31 (63.27%) codes of body functions, 4 (8.16%) codes of body structure, 7 (14.29%) codes of activity and participation, and 7 (14.29%) codes of environmental factors. Conclusion: ICF-CY provides a comprehensive method to record the health problems of children after CHD surgery. Based on the findings of this study, we can further develop assessment tools for cardiac rehabilitation, encompassing the heart, immunity, respiration, digestion, metabolism and endocrine system, psychology, and family, and conduct comprehensive management via a multidisciplinary team.
Wheat Growth Monitoring And Yield Estimation Based On Remote Sensing Data Assimilation Into The SAFY Crop Growth Model
Authors: Li Changchun , Ma Chunyan , Liu Mingxing , Cui Yingqi , Chen Weinan , Wang Yilin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Accurate crop growth and yield estimate information can be obtained via appropriate metrics such as the leaf area index (LAI) and biomass. Such information is crucial for guiding agricultural production, ensuring food security, and maintaining sustainable agricultural development. Traditional methods of field measurement and monitoring typically show low efficiency and can only return limited untimely information. Alternatively, methods based on remote sensing technologies are fast, objective, and nondestructive. As well, crop growth models can dynamically reflect the biological processes of crop growth and development. Indeed, remote sensing data assimilation and crop growth modeling represent an important trend in crop growth monitoring and yield estimation. In this paper, we assimilate the leaf area index retrieved from Sentinel-2 remote sensing data in the crop growth model of the simple algorithm for yield estimation (SAFY). The SP-UCI optimization algorithm is used for fine-tuning several SAFY parameters, namely the emergence date (D0), the effective light energy utilization rate (ELUE), and the senescence temperature threshold (STT) which is indicative of biological aging. These three sensitive parameters are set in order to attain the global minimum of an error function between the SAFY model predicted values and the LAI inversion values. This assimilation of remote sensing data into the crop growth model facilitates the LAI, biomass, and yield estimation. The estimation results were validated using data collected in 2014 and 2015. For the 2014 data, the results showed coefficients of determination (R2) of the LAI, biomass and yield of 0.734, 0.831 and 0.487, respectively, with corresponding root-mean-squared error (RMSE) values of 0.716, 1.13 and 1.14, respectively. For the 2015 data, the estimated R2 values of the LAI, biomass, and yield were 0.700, 0.853, and 0.607, respectively, with respective RMSE values of 0.828, 1.217, and 1.389, respectively. The estimated values were found to be in good agreement with the measured ones. This shows high applicability of the proposed data assimilation scheme in crop monitoring and yield estimation. As well, this scheme provides a reference for the assimilation of remote sensing data into crop growth models for regional crop monitoring and yield estimation.
Assessment of geological factors responsible for gas entrapment in two nigerian coals and syngas extraction using locally fabricated gasification plant
Authors: Ehinola Olugbenga Ajayi , Egunjobi Kehinde Joseph , Oladosu Ibrahim Adedayo , Falode Olugbenga Adebanjo , Oluwajana Oladotun Afolabi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Of all the fossil fuel sources, Coal Bed Methane (CBM) is the least expensive for its energy content. This study aimed at assessing the geological factors that may be responsible for gas emplacement in Nigerian coal and syngas extraction using a locally fabricated gasification plant. Trace element, sulfur content, X-Ray diffraction, and Scan Electron Microscope analysis of coal samples from Ute and Okaba were carried out to determine geological factors such as depositional environment, mineralogy, and pore morphology that affects the emplacement of gas in coals and its extraction. The syngas was then extracted from Okaba and Ute coal using the fabricated gasification plant which consists of a reactor, water jacket to regulate body temperature, a blower to allow continuous inflow of air, cyclone filter to filter the syngas from the impurity, compressor, and a cylinder to collect and store the gas. The coal samples were heated to a temperature range of 500 -1000 0C. The value of the V/Ni ratio of the coals ranged from 0.35 to 3.75 ppm. Also, plots of V/Cr and Ni/Co ratios indicated predominantly oxic conditions during sediment accumulation. The low V/(V+Ni) ratio (0.26- 0.0.79 ppm) also confirmed that the coal samples were deposited under oxic conditions. By implication, the sulfur content in the Okaba and Ute coal with the range of 0.85 - 2.33% originated from parent plant material deposited in a lacustrine environment. The coal samples contain brittle minerals such as quartz and Kaolinitic clay that also allow the creation of natural fractures and could provide induced fractures under artificial fracturing force which is conducive to coal gas exploration. The pore and fracture diameters observed in coal samples from Okaba and Ute are classified as microfracture and macropores, respectively, implying that the coal can serve as a reservoir for coal bed methane (CBM) and that the linkage of the fractures and pores results in high permeability which in turn will allow the coal to easily release the gas it is storing when heated. The syngas extracted from Okaba and Ute coal consists of a mixture of N2, H2, CO2, and CH4 which can either be used upon purification for transport, chemicals production, heat, and power generation. It can be deduced that the coal samples from the study area (Okaba and Ute) are capable of storing gas which in turn can be extracted and used by gasification method which has a minimal environmental effect because the gasification plant reduces CO2 emission by 90% as compared with direct combustion of coal.
Ultra-High-Risk Group of Multiple Myeloma: A Real-World Study Based On Two Different Prognostic Evaluation Systems
Authors: Ye Jian-Nan , Ma Ke-Wa , Cao Yong-Qin , Sun Chao , Zhou Xin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Recently, two prognostic evaluation systems based on different angles, UK Myeloma Research Alliance proposed UK Myeloma Research Alliance Risk Profile(MRP) and chinese inflammatory prognostic scoring index(IPSI), have shown prognostic differences in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma(MM) patients without transplantation. However, there is no relevant research on whether there is a difference in the evaluation of the two systems. Here, we used these two systems to evaluate the prognosis of 160 patients with MM based on bortezomib without transplantation from January 2007 to June 2018. It was found that the evaluation of patients at medium and low risk was similar, but in the high-risk group of MRP, IPSI could be further stratified, and in the high-risk group of IPSI, MRP could also be further stratified. It is suggested that myeloma patients with high risk factors of MRP and IPSI are ultra high risk patients with poor prognosis.
Expression and Prognostic Analyses of the Significance of STEAP1and STEAP2 in Lung Cancer
Authors: Liu Tianshu , Niu Xiaoxin , Li Yanqing , Xu Zekun , Chen Jie , Xu Geng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. STEAP1 and STEAP2 are overexpressed in various cancers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression and prognostic value of STEAP1 and STEAP2 in patients with lung cancer.Methods: The mRNA expression and protein expression of STEAP1 and STEAP2 and their prognostic characteristics were examined using Oncomine, GEPIA, and Kaplan-Meier (KM) plotters. The correlation analysis of STEAP1 and STEAP2 gene and protein levels was conducted using GeneMANIA and STRING. Immunohistochemical methods were used to compare the expression of STEAP2 in normal lung and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunocytochemistry were used to evaluate the expression of STEAP1 and STEAP2 in three lung cancer cell lines and normal lung epithelial cell lines. Results: Analysis of the Oncomine database and GEPIA showed that STEAP1 was upregulated and STEAP2 was downregulated in lung cancer tissue, and both expressions were related to the clinical stage of lung cancer. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that STEAP1 protein expression was significantly upregulated in lung cancer compared to that in adjacent tissues. The expression of STEAP1 was positively correlated with the migration and invasion abilities of lung cancer cells. Compared with paracancer tissues, the expression of STEAP2 protein in lung cancer was significantly downregulated and was correlated with the histological grade of squamous cell carcinoma, pathological classification of adenocarcinoma, tumor, lymph node, and metastasis clinical stage, and lymph node metastasis. The expression of STEAP2 was negatively correlated with the migration and invasion abilities of lung cancer cells. The KM curve showed that the downregulation of STEAP1 expression and upregulation of STEAP2 expression were related to a good lung cancer prognosis.Conclusion: STEAP1 and STEAP2 may be potential therapeutic targets for lung cancer, thus providing a basis for a new treatment strategy for lung cancer.
Forward Modeling and Identification of Shallow Gas in the Seabed
Authors: Xiaodi Yang , Ming-hao Chun , Xiao-qiao LUO , Zhi-guang YAO 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The accumulation of shallow gas in the stratum will form high-gas bag and reduce the strength of soil, which will endanger the construction of marine engineering. So it is of great significance to find out the distribution of shallow gas in the work area. Shallow gas in soil will increase porosity and decrease formation sound velocity, which has absorption and attenuation effect on high frequency components of sound wave. Based on the drilling data around an oil platform in Bohai Bay, a formation model of shallow gas is established and the forward analysis is carried out, the result show that at the interface between the shallow gas and the formation, the phase of reflected wave reverses and the events at the lower part of the shallow gas is pulled down. The stratigraphic profile around the platform is investigated, and the amplitude, phase and frequency attributes of acoustic stratigraphic profile data are analyzed. The shallow gas reflection is identified by combining the features of weak amplitude clutter reflection, phase reversal, phase axis pull-down and high frequency missing, and the shallow gas reflection is columnar and the top to clay layer of the seafloor. The shallow gas is agglomerated and may come from the deep.
Predictive Model for the Pathological Complete Response of Axillary Lymph Nodes After Neoadjuvant Therapy for Breast Cancer
Authors: Yang Jing , Li Xinyue 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Accurately assessing the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) for breast cancer may predict patient outcomes. Axillary pathological complete response (apCR) after NAT is considered to indicate survival benefit, allowing initially cN+ patients to avoid axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) by turning ALNs (axillary lymph node) negative. Therefore, there has been an increasing interest in accurately predicting apCR post-NAT. Here, we integrated the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with breast cancer and positive ipsilateral ALNs who underwent NAT and surgery. Statistical methods were used to screen for predictors of apCR and design a model to predict apCR rate post-NAT, thereby guiding surgeons’ decision-making and improving patients’ quality of life.Methods: Female patients (n=157) with locally advanced breast cancer and positive ALNs, diagnosed by a pathologist and treated via NAT and surgery between January 2016 and June 2020 at our hospital, were enrolled. Patients received a complete and standardized neoadjuvant regimen. Their clinicopathological characteristics were retrospectively analyzed, the factors of apCR post-NAT analyzed by logistic regression, and a nomogram used to construct a predictive model for apCR post-NAT.Results: Sixty-two patients (39.5%) achieved apCR. Univariate analysis demonstrated that apCR was significantly associated with pathological grading, molecular typing, stroma-tumor ratio (STR), clinical N staging, and response to chemotherapy (all P <0.05). A multivariate binary logistic regression equation was established, and the variables were entered into the model via forward stepwise selection; results indicated that the possibility of apCR post-NAT was higher in these cases. A predictive model for apCR post-NAT—consisting of four independent predictors: pathological grading of the aspiration specimen, STR, clinical N staging, and response to chemotherapy—was constructed using statistically significant variables in the logistic regression equation. The model had good accuracy and showed good clinical utility when both ROC curves and internal validation were performed.Conclusion: The predictive model combined clinical and pathological features; the pathological grading of the aspiration specimen, STR, clinical N staging, and response to chemotherapy were found to be independent predictors of apCR post-NAT. The model had good applicability regarding apCR prediction post-NAT, contributing to the option of individualized de-escalation of axillary surgery.
Magnetic properties of Mn-Zn ferrites under DC bias conditions
Authors: Žlebič Čedo , Milutinov Miodrag , Nikolić Maria Vesna , Luković Miloljub Dragoljub 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The influence of milling time and sintering temperature on the DC bias characteristics of Mn-Zn ferrite samples were analyzed in this work. Mn-Zn ferrite powder with the chemical composition of Mn 0.63 Zn 0.37 Fe 2 O 4 - 93 wt % and Fe 2 O 3 - 7 wt % was used. Powders was additionally milled in a planetary ball mill for 1h, 2h and 4h. Green toroid shaped samples made from each of the four powders were sintered for 2 hours at maximum temperatures of 1050 o C, 1100 o C, 1200 o C, and 1300 o C. Each sample were tested under the applied DC magnetic field in the range of 0 to 500 A/m. The best DC bias characteristics under the influence of the external H DC field, was shown by samples sintered at 1050 °C and 1200 °C. With regard of milling time, the best DC bias characteristics are obtained for the starting powder samples, (ie. 0h milling time) and for the samples that are milled for 2h.
Influence of Bacillus Licheniformis on The Strength, Durability and Micro-Structure of Concrete
Authors: Sankarapandian Krishnapriya , Babu D.L.Venkatesh , Arulraj G.Prince 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The vulnerability of concrete to micro cracking reduces its strength and durability. The inclusion of bacteria in concrete would provide solution for this problem as the bacteria automatically heals the cracks in concrete without any human intervention. The primary objective of this research work is to study the influence of Bacillus licheniformis BSKNAU on the strength and durability of concrete with cement replaced by silica fume and metakaolin in three replacement levels. Experimental investigations were carried out to study the effect of Bacillus licheniformis BSKNAU on the strength properties of bacterial and control concrete specimens. Durability tests were also conducted on bacterial and control concrete specimens. The strength tests revealed that bacterial concrete specimens exhibited high strength properties and good durability performance. The presence of calcite precipitates in bacterial concrete specimens was examined using a Scanning Electron Microscope and were confirmed using X ray Diffraction and Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis.
The Effect of an Educational Intervention Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) on Self-Care Behavior and Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) Levels in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Pourmohammad Mojgan , Maheri Mina , Khalkhali Hamid Reza , Didarloo Alireza 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: The diabetics' lack of awareness about self-care and false beliefs in this care are the reasons for their admission to hospitals. The present study aimed to "determine the impact of using education based on the theory of planned behavior on self-care and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in patients with Type 2 Diabetes".Methods: The present quasi-experimental study examined 60 patients with type 2 diabetes who were randomly classified into intervention and control groups. In the intervention group, self-care education was held based on the theory of planned behavior. The data were collected using a three-part questionnaire consisting of demographic and clinical information, and questions about constructs of the theory of planned behavior, and the Summary of Diabetes Self Care Activities by Robert at three stages: pre-test, post-test, and follow-up.Results: The mean scores of constructs of the theory of planned behavior, as well as self-care behaviors after the educational intervention (immediately and after three months), increased significantly in the intervention group compared to before the intervention and the control group. Furthermore, the mean amount of glycosylated hemoglobin in the intervention group was significantly lower than before the intervention and the control group three months after the educational intervention.Conclusion: Education based on the theory of planned behavior was effective in improving the patients' self-care behavior and HbA1c index. Therefore, we suggest all medical centers use the theory of planned behavior as an effective educational model with easy and low-cost implementation power to improve diabetics' self-care behavior and health.