bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lower Health Literacy of Mania Than Depression Among Older People: A Random Survey of a Community Healthcare Service Center
Authors: Huang Leping , Huang Ruyan , Fei Yue , Liu Taosheng , Mellor David , Xu Weiyun , Xiong Jinxia , Mao Rongjie , Chen Jun , Fang Yiru , Wu Zhiguo , Wang Zuowei 
Published: March 2021

Purpose: This study examines health literacy among older outpatients in two Community Healthcare Service Centers in Shanghai, China to facilitate the design of public education programs for the aged population on mood disorders (both depression and mania).Patients and Methods: A total of 173 outpatients aged 60 years or more with a chronic physical illness were randomly sampled. A health literacy questionnaire was used to assess participants' awareness of depression and mania. Participants were then asked to label two vignettes depicting depression and mania and to give their recommendations for how to seek help for those in the vignettes and how mood disorders should be managed.Results: In all, 86.1 and 36.4% of participants had heard of depression and mania, respectively, with the most common source of information being relatives and friends. Over half of the participants attributed the possible causes of mood disorders to psychological trauma, pressure or stress in daily life, taking things too hard, and personality problems. Almost two-thirds of participants correctly labeled the depression vignette, but only 26.6% correctly labeled the mania vignette. The most common methods recommended by the participants as being helpful for the individuals portrayed in the vignettes were “traveling” and help-seeking from a psychological therapist/counselor, a psychiatrist, or a close family member or friend.Conclusion: The older individuals attending community healthcare service settings in Shanghai have good depression literacy but relatively poor mania literacy. However, most participants had a positive attitude toward psychiatric treatment for mood disorders.
Use of Connected Technologies to Assess Barriers and Stressors for Age and Disability-Friendly Communities
Authors: Zanwar Preeti , Kim Jinwoo , Kim Jaeyoon , Manser Michael , Ham Youngjib , Chaspari Theodora , Ahn Changbum Ryan 
Published: March 2021

Background: The benefits of engaging in outdoor physical activity are numerous for older adults. However, previous work on outdoor monitoring of physical activities did not sufficiently identify how older adults characterize and respond to diverse elements of urban built environments, including structural characteristics, safety attributes, and aesthetics.Objective: To synthesize emerging multidisciplinary trends on the use of connected technologies to assess environmental barriers and stressors among older adults and for persons with disability.Methods: A multidisciplinary overview and literature synthesis.Results: First, we review measurement and monitoring of outdoor physical activity in community environments and during transport using wearable sensing technologies, their contextualization and using smartphone-based applications. We describe physiological responses (e.g., gait patterns, electrodermal activity, brain activity, and heart rate), stressors and physical barriers during outdoor physical activity. Second, we review the use of visual data (e.g., Google street images, Street score) and machine learning algorithms to assess physical (e.g., walkability) and emotional stressors (e.g., stress) in community environments and their impact on human perception. Third, we synthesize the challenges and limitations of using real-time smartphone-based data on driving behavior, incompatibility with software data platforms, and the potential for such data to be confounded by environmental signals in older adults. Lastly, we summarize alternative modes of transport for older adults and for persons with disability.Conclusion: Environmental design for connected technologies, interventions to promote independence and mobility, and to reduce barriers and stressors, likely requires smart connected age and disability-friendly communities and cities.
Cyberbullying Among Adolescents and Children: A Comprehensive Review of the Global Situation, Risk Factors, and Preventive Measures
Authors: Zhu Chengyan , Huang Shiqing , Evans Richard , Zhang Wei 
Published: March 2021

Background: Cyberbullying is well-recognized as a severe public health issue which affects both adolescents and children. Most extant studies have focused on national and regional effects of cyberbullying, with few examining the global perspective of cyberbullying. This systematic review comprehensively examines the global situation, risk factors, and preventive measures taken worldwide to fight cyberbullying among adolescents and children.Methods: A systematic review of available literature was completed following PRISMA guidelines using the search themes “cyberbullying” and “adolescent or children”; the time frame was from January 1st, 2015 to December 31st, 2019. Eight academic databases pertaining to public health, and communication and psychology were consulted, namely: Web of Science, Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar, ProQuest, Communication &amp; Mass Media Complete, CINAHL, and PsycArticles. Additional records identified through other sources included the references of reviews and two websites, Cyberbullying Research Center and United Nations Children's Fund. A total of 63 studies out of 2070 were included in our final review focusing on cyberbullying prevalence and risk factors.Results: The prevalence rates of cyberbullying preparation ranged from 6.0 to 46.3%, while the rates of cyberbullying victimization ranged from 13.99 to 57.5%, based on 63 references. Verbal violence was the most common type of cyberbullying. Fourteen risk factors and three protective factors were revealed in this study. At the personal level, variables associated with cyberbullying including age, gender, online behavior, race, health condition, past experience of victimization, and impulsiveness were reviewed as risk factors. Likewise, at the situational level, parent-child relationship, interpersonal relationships, and geographical location were also reviewed in relation to cyberbullying. As for protective factors, empathy and emotional intelligence, parent-child relationship, and school climate were frequently mentioned.Conclusion: The prevalence rate of cyberbullying has increased significantly in the observed 5-year period, and it is imperative that researchers from low and middle income countries focus sufficient attention on cyberbullying of children and adolescents. Despite a lack of scientific intervention research on cyberbullying, the review also identified several promising strategies for its prevention from the perspectives of youths, parents and schools. More research on cyberbullying is needed, especially on the issue of cross-national cyberbullying. International cooperation, multi-pronged and systematic approaches are highly encouraged to deal with cyberbullying.
Economic Policy Uncertainty in China and Bitcoin Returns: Evidence From the COVID-19 Period
Authors: Chen Tiejun , Lau Chi Keung Marco , Cheema Sadaf , Koo Chun Kwong 
Published: March 2021

This paper analyses the effects of the Chinese Economic Policy Uncertainty (CEPU) index on the daily returns of Bitcoin for the period from December 31, 2019 to May 20, 2020. Utilizing the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and the Generalized Quantile Regression (GQR) estimation techniques, the paper illustrates that the current CEPU has a positive impact on the returns of Bitcoin. However, the positive impact is statistically significant only at the higher quantiles of the current CEPU. It is concluded that Bitcoin can be used in hedging against policy uncertainties in China since significant rises in uncertainty leads to a higher return in Bitcoin.JEL Codes: G32; G15; C22
From Progressive Radicalism to Democratic Degeneration: The Trajectory of John Locke's Political Theory
Authors: Karimi Sirvan 
Published: March 2021

As an organic intellectual of the emerging propertied class in 17th century England, John Locke has made an enduring contribution to the prevailing ideas shaping the socio-political order in Western societies and beyond. Through invoking the law of nature and natural rights which were nothing more than what he had abstracted from the socio-economic conditions of the seventeenth century and had projected back into the state of nature, Locke assiduously embarked on justifying the separation of civil society from the state, naturalizing class inequalities identifying the preservation of property as the fundamental function of the state, and rationalizing the subordination of propertyless classes to the emerging liberal democratic political order geared to preserve the interests of economically hegemonic classes.
INVENTORY CONTROL IN SYSTEM WITH VARIOUS TYPES OF CALLS
Authors: Алиев И.А. 
Published: March 2021

Изучается Марковская модель системы управления запасами. Заявки высокого приоритета получают запасы при их наличии в складе системы, а заявки низкого приоритета получают запасы лишь тогда, когда их уровень выше определенной величины. Разработан метод расчета характеристик изучаемой системы.
The Markovian model of inventory control system is considered. High priority customers get the item if inventory level is positive while low priority customers get the item if and only if inventory level is more than some critical level. The results of numerical experiments are shown.
WIRELESS OPTICAL COMMUNICATION CHANNEL IN THE HYDROSPHERE AS AN ALTERNATIVE OF COMMUNICATION BY CABLE
Authors: Мартынов В.Л. , Голосной А.С. , Сергеев С.М. 
Published: March 2021

В качестве альтернативы кабелю, авторами предложена методика управления с применением лазерной связи. Предлагаемые авторами решения позволят расширить возможности обмена информацией в гидросфере между подводными аппаратами.
As an alternative to the cable, the authors have proposed a control technique based on the use of laser communication. The solutions proposed by the authors will expand the possibilities of information exchange in the hydrosphere between underwater vehicles.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE PROCESS OF SEARCHING FOR ANSWERS IN A TEXTUAL SOURCE AND WITH THE HELP OF AN INTELLECTUAL ELECTRONIC BOOK
Authors: Киров Д.И. , Бронфельд Г.Б. 
Published: March 2021

Рассматривается сравнение эффективности поиска решения по тексту на основе стандартных средств ИТ-технологий и при помощи нового варианта интеллектуальной электронной книги - элинга. Применяется база знаний на основе молинг для текста, используемого в эксперименте.
The article deals with the comparison of the effectiveness of searching for a solution in the text using the standard means of IT technologies and with the help of a new version of an intelligent electronic book - elinga. A knowledge base of molingas is applied to model the text used in the experiment. Higher quality of solutions found and potentially higher speed of search are demonstrated.
The pupil-size artefact (PSA) across time, viewing direction, and different eye trackers
Authors: Hooge Ignace T. C. , Niehorster Diederick C. , Hessels Roy S. , Cleveland Dixon , Nyström Marcus 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe pupil size artefact (PSA) is the gaze deviation reported by an eye tracker during pupil size changes if the eye does not rotate. In the present study, we ask three questions: 1) how stable is the PSA over time, 2) does the PSA depend on properties of the eye tracker set up, and 3) does the PSA depend on the participants’ viewing direction? We found that the PSA is very stable over time for periods as long as 1 year, but may differ between participants. When comparing the magnitude of the PSA between eye trackers, we found the magnitude of the obtained PSA to be related to the direction of the eye-tracker-camera axis, suggesting that the angle between the participants’ viewing direction and the camera axis affects the PSA. We then investigated the PSA as a function of the participants’ viewing direction. The PSA was non-zero for viewing direction 0∘ and depended on the viewing direction. These findings corroborate the suggestion by Choe et al. (Vision Research 118(6755):48–59, 2016), that the PSA can be described by an idiosyncratic and a viewing direction-dependent component. Based on a simulation, we cannot claim that the viewing direction-dependent component of the PSA is caused by the optics of the cornea.
The Solar Neighborhood. XLVII. Comparing M-dwarf Models with Hubble Space Telescope Dynamical Masses and Spectroscopy*
Authors: Dieterich Serge B. , Simler Andrew , Henry Todd J. , Jao Wei-Chun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We use HST/STIS optical spectroscopy of 10 M dwarfs in five closely separated binary systems to test models of M-dwarf structure and evolution. Individual dynamical masses ranging from 0.083 to 0.405 M
⊙ for all stars are known from previous work. We first derive temperature, radius, luminosity, surface gravity, and metallicity by fitting the BT-Settl atmospheric models. We verify that our methodology agrees with empirical results from long-baseline optical interferometry for stars of similar spectral types. We then test whether or not evolutionary models can predict those quantities given the stars’ known dynamical masses and the conditions of coevality and equal metallicity within each binary system. We apply this test to five different evolutionary model sets: the Dartmouth models, the MESA/MIST models, the models of Baraffe et al., the PARSEC models, and the YaPSI models. We find marginal agreement between evolutionary model predictions and observations, with few cases where the models respect the condition of coevality in a self-consistent manner. We discuss the pros and cons of each family of models and compare their predictive power.
The Epoch of Giant Planet Migration Planet Search Program. I. Near-infrared Radial Velocity Jitter of Young Sun-like Stars
Authors: Tran Quang H. , Bowler Brendan P. , Cochran William D. , Endl Michael , Stefánsson Gumundur , Mahadevan Suvrath , Ninan Joe P. , Bender Chad F. , Halverson Samuel , Roy Arpita , Terrien Ryan C. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We present early results from the Epoch of Giant Planet Migration program, a precise radial velocity (RV) survey of more than 100 intermediate-age (∼20–200 Myr) G and K dwarfs with the Habitable Zone Planet Finder spectrograph (HPF) at McDonald Observatory’s Hobby–Eberly Telescope. The goals of this program are to determine the timescale and dominant physical mechanism of giant planet migration interior to the water ice line of Sun-like stars. Here, we summarize results from the first 14 months of this program, with a focus on our custom RV pipeline for HPF, a measurement of the intrinsic near-infrared RV activity of young Solar analogs, and modeling the underlying population-level distribution of stellar jitter. We demonstrate on-sky stability at the sub-2 m s−1 level for the K2 standard HD 3765 using a least-squares matching method to extract precise RVs. Based on a subsample of 29 stars with at least three RV measurements from our program, we find a median rms level of 34 m s−1. This is nearly a factor of 2 lower than the median rms level in the optical of 60 m s−1 for a comparison sample with similar ages and spectral types as our targets. The observed near-infrared jitter measurements for this subsample are well reproduced with a log-normal parent distribution with μ = 4.15 and σ = 1.02. Finally, by compiling rms values from previous planet search programs, we show that near-infrared jitter for G and K dwarfs generally decays with age in a similar fashion to optical wavelengths, albeit with a shallower slope and lower overall values for ages ≲1 Gyr.
Phase-curve Pollution of Exoplanet Transmission Spectra
Authors: Morello Giuseppe , Zingales Tiziano , Martin-Lagarde Marine , Gastaud René , Lagage Pierre-Olivier 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The occurrence of a planet transiting in front of its host star offers the opportunity to observe the planet’s atmosphere filtering starlight. The fraction of occulted stellar flux is roughly proportional to the optically thick area of the planet, the extent of which depends on the opacity of the planet’s gaseous envelope at the observed wavelengths. Chemical species, haze, and clouds are now routinely detected in exoplanet atmospheres through rather small features in transmission spectra, i.e., collections of planet-to-star area ratios across multiple spectral bins and/or photometric bands. Technological advances have led to a shrinking of the error bars down to a few tens of parts per million (ppm) per spectral point for the brightest targets. The upcoming James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is anticipated to deliver transmission spectra with precision down to 10 ppm. The increasing precision of measurements requires a reassessment of the approximations hitherto adopted in astrophysical models, including transit light-curve models. Recently, it has been shown that neglecting the planet’s thermal emission can introduce significant biases in the transit depth measured with the JWST/Mid-InfraRed Instrument, integrated between 5 and 12 μm. In this paper, we take a step forward by analyzing the effects of the approximation on transmission spectra over the 0.6–12 μm wavelength range covered by various JWST instruments. We present open-source software to predict the spectral bias, showing that, if not corrected, it may affect the inferred molecular abundances and thermal structure of some exoplanet atmospheres.
A Search for Correlations between Turbulence and Star Formation in LITTLE THINGS Dwarf Irregular Galaxies
Authors: Hunter Deidre A. , Elmegreen Bruce G. , Archer Haylee , Simpson Caroline E. , Cigan Phil 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Turbulence has the potential for creating gas density enhancements that initiate cloud and star formation (SF), and it can be generated locally by SF. To study the connection between turbulence and SF, we looked for relationships between SF traced by FUV images, and gas turbulence traced by kinetic energy density (KED) and velocity dispersion (v
disp) in the LITTLE THINGS sample of nearby dIrr galaxies. We performed 2D cross-correlations between FUV and KED images, measured cross-correlations in annuli to produce correlation coefficients as a function of radius, and determined the cumulative distribution function of the cross-correlation value. We also plotted on a pixel-by-pixel basis the locally excess KED, v
disp, and H i mass surface density, ΣHI, as determined from the respective values with the radial profiles subtracted, versus the excess SF rate density ΣSFR, for all regions with positive excess ΣSFR. We found that ΣSFR and KED are poorly correlated. The excess KED associated with SF implies a ∼0.5% efficiency for supernova energy to pump local H i turbulence on the scale of the resolution here, which is a factor of ∼2 too small for all of the turbulence on a galactic scale. The excess v
disp in SF regions is also small, only ∼0.37 km s−1. The local excess in ΣHI corresponding to an excess in ΣSFR is consistent with a H i consumption time of ∼1.6 Gyr in the inner parts of the galaxies. The similarity between this timescale and the consumption time for CO implies that CO-dark molecular gas has comparable mass to H i in the inner disks.
Exact Theory of Nonrelativistic Quadrupole Bremsstrahlung
Authors: Pradler Josef , Semmelrock Lukas 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The quantum mechanical treatment of quadrupole radiation due to bremsstrahlung exact to all orders in the Coulomb interaction of two nonrelativistically colliding charged spin-0 and unpolarized spin-1/2 particles is presented. We calculate the elements of the quadrupole tensor, and present analytical solutions for the double-differential photon emission cross section of identical and nonidentical particles. Contact is made to Born-level and quasi-classical results in the respective kinematic limits and effective energy loss rates are obtained. A generally valid formula for soft-photon emission is established and an approximate formula across the entire kinematic regime is constructed. The results apply to bremsstrahlung emission in the scattering of pairs of electrons and are hence relevant in the study of astrophysical phenomena. A definition of a Gaunt factor is proposed which should facilitate broad applicability of the results.
Detection of Dust Particles Using Faraday Cup Instruments
Authors: Nouzák Libor , James David , Němeček Zdeněk , Šafránková Jana , Pavlů Jiří , Nováková Jaroslava , Vaverka Jakub , Sternovsky Zoltan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Faraday cups can measure velocity distribution functions of space plasmas and are frequent instruments on heliophysics missions. A new version of a Faraday cup instrument is in development for the Luna 26 mission and will be used for fast monitoring of the solar wind plasma parameters. The prototype of this instrument is exposed to dust impacts in a velocity range of 0.2–60 km s−1 using an electrostatic dust accelerator. The collected data are used to evaluate the sensitivity and detection efficiency of dust particles on two different surfaces. The results indicate that the sensitivity is sufficient for detection of the interplanetary dust as well as for the registration of the dust lifted from the lunar surface. A simple modification of the FC electronics would increase the detection efficiency by an order of magnitude.
SDSS-IV MaNGA: A Star Formation–Baryonic Mass Relation at Kiloparsec Scales
Authors: Barrera-Ballesteros J. K. , Heckman T. , Sánchez S. F. , Drory N. , Cruz-Gonzalez I. , Carigi L. , Riffel R. A. , Boquien M. , Tissera P. , Bizyaev D. , Rong Y. , Boardman N. F. , Hurtado P. Alvarez ,   The MaNGA Team
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Star formation rate density, ΣSFR, has shown a remarkable correlation with both components of the baryonic mass kiloparsec scales (i.e., the stellar mass density and molecular gas mass density, Σ* and Σmol, respectively) for galaxies in the nearby universe. In this study, we propose an empirical relation between ΣSFR and the baryonic mass surface density (Σb = Σmol,Av + Σ*, where Σmol,Av is the molecular gas derived from the optical extinction, A

V
) at kiloparsec scales using the spatially resolved properties of the MaNGA survey, the largest sample of galaxies observed via integral field spectroscopy (∼8400 objects). We find that ΣSFR tightly correlates with Σb. Furthermore, we derive an empirical relation between ΣSFR and a second-degree polynomial of Σb, yielding a one-to-one relation between these two observables. Both Σb and its polynomial form show a stronger correlation and smaller scatter with respect to ΣSFR than the relations derived using the individual components of Σb. Our results suggest that these three parameters are indeed physically correlated, suggesting a scenario in which the two components of the baryonic mass regulate the star formation activity at kiloparsec scales.