bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long noncoding RNA SH3PXD2A-AS1 promotes NSCLC proliferation and accelerates cell cycle progression by interacting with DHX9
Authors: Zhou Yeqing , Yong Hongmei , Chu Sufang , Li Minle , Li Zhongwei , Bai Jin , Zhang Hao 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
As the most commonly diagnosed lung cancer, non–small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is regulated by many long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). In the present study, we found that SH3PXD2A-AS1 expression in NSCLC tissues was upregulated compared with that in normal lung tissues in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. However, the role and molecular mechanism of SH3PXD2A-AS1 in NSCLC progression require further exploration.
Methods
The expression of SH3PXD2A-AS1 in NSCLC and normal lung tissues in a TCGA dataset was analysed by using the GEPIA website. K-M analysis was performed to explore the effects of this molecule on the survival rate in NSCLC. The functional characterization of the role and molecular mechanism of SH3PXD2A-AS1 in NSCLC was performed with a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments.
Results
SH3PXD2A-AS1 expression was increased in human NSCLC, and high SH3PXD2A-AS1 expression was correlated with poor overall survival. SH3PXD2A-AS1 overexpression sufficiently promoted tumour cell proliferation and accelerated cell cycle progression in vitro and tumour growth in vivo. Moreover, SH3PXD2A-AS1 interacted with DHX9 to enhance FOXM1 expression, promote tumour cell proliferation and accelerate cell cycle progression.
Conclusions
SH3PXD2A-AS1 promoted NSCLC growth by interacting with DHX9 to enhance FOXM1 expression. SH3PXD2A-AS1 may serve as a promising predictive biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with NSCLC.
Evolutionary loss of thermal acclimation accompanied by periodic monocarpic mass flowering in Strobilanthes species
Authors: Ishida Atsushi , Nakamura Tomomi , Saiki Shin-Taro , Yoshimura Jin , Kakishima Satoshi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
While life history, physiology and molecular phylogeny in plants have been widely studied, understanding how physiology changes with the evolutionally life historical change remains largely unknown. In two closely related understory Strobilanthes plants, the molecular phylogeny has previously shown that the monocarpic 6-year masting S. flexicaulis have evolved from a polycarpic perennial, represented by the basal clade S. tashiroi. The polycarpic S. tashiroi exhibited seasonal thermal acclimation with increased leaf respiratory and photosynthetic metabolism in winter, whereas the monocarpic S. flexicaulis showed no thermal acclimation. The monocarpic S. flexicaulis required rapid height growth after germination under high intraspecific competition, and the respiration and N allocation were biased toward nonphotosynthetic tissues. By contrast, in the long-lived polycarpic S. tashiroi, these allocations were biased toward photosynthetic tissues. The life-history differences between the monocarpic S. flexicaulis and the polycarpic S. tashiroi are represented by the “height growth” and “assimilation” paradigms, respectively, which are controlled by different patterns of respiration and nitrogen regulation in leaves. The obtained data suggest that the monocarpic S. flexicaulis with the evolutionary loss of thermal acclimation will more often exhibit increased vulnerability to global warming.
A Robot Learning from Demonstration Framework for Skillful Small Parts Assembly
Authors: Hu Haopeng , Yang Xiansheng , Lou Yunjiang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Increasing demand for higher production flexibility and smaller production batch size pushes the development of manufacturing expertise towards robotic solutions with fast setup and reprogram capability. Aiming to facilitate assembly lines with robots, the learning from demonstration (LfD) paradigm has attracted attention. A robot LfD framework designed for skillful small parts assembly applications is developed, which takes position, orientation and wrench demonstration data into consideration while utilizes impedance control to deal with the motion error. In view of constraints in industrial assembly applications, we propose a robot LfD framework where policy learning is carried out with separated assembly demonstration data to avoid potential under-fitting problem. With the proposed assembly policies, reference orientation and wrench trajectories are generated as well as coupled with the position data to boost their generalization and robust performance. Effectiveness of the proposed LfD framework is validated by a printed circuit board assembly experiment with a 7-DOF torque-controlled robot.
Classification for Avian Malaria Parasite Plasmodium Gallinaceum Blood Stages by Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Kittichai Veerayuth , Kaewthamasorn Morakot , Thanee Suchansa , Jomtarak Rangsan , Klanboot Kamonpob , Naing Kaung Myat , Tongloy Teerawat , Chuwongin Santhad , Boonsang Siridech 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The infections of an avian malaria parasite (Plasmodium gallinaceum) in domestic chickens presents a major threat to poultry industry because it cause economical loss in both quality and quantity of meat and egg productions. Deep learning algorithms have been developed to identify avian malaria infections and classify its blood stage development. Methods: In this study, four types of deep convolutional neural networks namely Darknet, Darknet19, darknet19_448x448 and Densenet 201 are used to classify P. gallinaceum blood stages. We randomly collected dataset of 10,548 single-cell images consisting of four parasite stages from ten-infected blood films stained by Giemsa. All images were confirmed by three well-trained examiners. Results: In the model-wise comparison, the four neural network models gave us high values in the mean average precision at least 95%. Darknet can reproduce a superior performance in classification of the P. gallinaceum development stages across any other model architectures. In addition, Darknet also has best performance in multiple class-wise classification, scoring the average values of greater than 99% in accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, precision, and F1-score.Conclusions: Therefore, Darknet model is more suitable in the classification of P. gallinaceum blood stages than the other three models. The result may contribute us to develop the rapid screening tool for further assist non-expert in filed study where is lack of specific instrument for avian malaria diagnostic.
The Real-World Efficacy and Safety of Anlotinib in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Wang Fen , Jin Feng , Cheng Boran , Zhang Yue , Zhou Qing , Wang Shubin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Anlotinib is an anti-angiogenetic multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC) in the real world.Methods: Patients with aNSCLC receiving anlotinib were enrolled in two cohorts (treatment-naive and previously treated). The endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and anlotinib-related adverse events (ar-AEs).Results: 203 patients accrued in the study. In the treatment-naïve cohort (n=80), the PFS was 7.4 (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.1-10.7) and OS was 10.8 (95% CI, 5.8-15.8) months of monotherapy group (immature survival for combination group). In previously treated cohort (n=123), The PFS was 8.0 months (95% CI, 6.1-9.9) in the combination group and 4.3 months (95% CI, 2.1-6.6) in the monotherapy group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.49; 95% CI, 0.29-0.83; p=0.007), respectively. The OS was 18.5 months (95% CI, 10.5- to 26.6) in the combination group and 7.8 months (95% CI, 7.1-8.4) in the monotherapy group (HR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.22-0.66; p=0.001), respectively. The ar-AEs of grade ≥3 in the monotherapy and the combination groups were hypertension (9.0% and 8.7%), fatigue (8.1% and 7.6%), hand-foot syndrome (8.1% and 6.5%), diarrhea (5.4% and 8.7%), proteinuria (5.4% and 5.4%), and mucositis oral (6.3% and 8.7%).Conclusion: In aNSCLC, anlotinib monotherapy has a promising efficacy in the first-line setting. It may be an option for those who are ineligible for chemotherapy; anlotinib combination therapy in a ≥ second-line setting showed manageable toxicities and encouraging efficacy, indicating a good application prospect.Trial registration: This study was retrospectively registered with ISRCTN Registry (ID ISRCTN35543977) on January 26th, 2021 and Chinese Clinical Trial Register (ChiCTR2000032265) on April 4th, 2020.
Simple Prediction of Reasonable Lumbar Lordosis Based on Patient's Postoperative Quality of Life Score
Authors: Wang Chunlei , Meng Xianzhong , Wu Jiangnan , Chang Hengrui , Liu Chang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Scarce information exists on the relationship between lumbar lordosis (LL) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) after lumbar surgery. The aim of this study was to derive a predictive equation for lordosis using pelvic incidence and to establish a simple lumbar lordosis prediction method to improve the quality of life after surgery.Methods: A number of 146 patients with lumbar surgery were included in the study. Spinopelvic parameters and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were measured at the final follow-up. At the 75th percentile cut-off value, patients with ODI were assigned to a good HRQOL group. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation between parameters and ODI, and simple linear regression analysis was conducted to deduce the predictive equation for the recovery of reasonable LL by posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF).Results: In the good HRQOL group, we included 108 patients with an ODI score less than 29 (75% cut-off value) at the last follow-up. All patients had had completed their posterior lumbar interbody fusion (L4-S1) by the same experienced surgeon. Multiple regression analysis revealed that LL (P < 0.001) was significantly associated with ODI as radiological parameters. The close relationship between PI and LL is highly evident from the value of the regression coefficient (r = 0.765, P < 0.001). Based on the correlation established between the above parameters, the following prediction equation for PI and LL was derived: LL = 0.59 × PI + 12 (r = 0.765, P < 0.001). Conclusions: This simple calculation method can provide a more effective and simple prediction of lumbar lordosis in the Chinese population. This approach can be used as a decision-making tool for restoring LL in lumbar correction surgery and plays an important role in improving the quality of life of patients after lumbar surgery.
A predatory soil bacterium reprograms a quorum sensing signal system to regulate antifungal weapon production in a cyclic-di-GMP-independent manner
Authors: kaihuai Li , Xu Gaoge , Wang Bo , Wu Guichun , Hou Rongxian , Fengquan Liu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Soil bacteria often provide multiple weapons for eukaryotes or prokaryotes to use against predators. Diffusible signal factors (DSFs) represent a unique group of quorum sensing (QS) chemicals that modulate interspecies competition in bacteria that do not produce antibiotic-like molecules. However, the molecular mechanism by which DSF-mediated QS systems regulate weapons production for interspecies competition remains largely unknown in soil biocontrol bacteria. In this study, we found that the necessary QS system component protein RpfG from Lysobacter, in addition to being a cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP) phosphodiesterase (PDE), regulates the biosynthesis of an antifungal weapon (heat-stable antifungal factor, HSAF), which does not appear to depend on the enzymatic activity. Interestingly, we showed for the first time that RpfG interacts with three hybrid two-component system (HyTCS) proteins, HtsH1, HtsH2, and HtsH3, to regulate HSAF production in Lysobacter. In vitro studies showed that each of these proteins interacted with RpfG, which reduced the PDE activity of RpfG. Finally, we showed that the cytoplasmic proportions of these proteins depended on their phosphorylation activity and binding to the promoter controlling the genes implicated in HSAF synthesis. These findings reveal a new mechanism of DSF signalling in antifungal weapon production in soil bacteria.
Anti-Infection Roles of mir155-5p Packaged in Exosomes Secreted by Dendritic Cells Infected with Toxoplasma Gondii
Authors: Jiang Dan , Wu Shuizhen , Xu Liqing , Xie Guantai , Peng Hong-Juan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic intracellular protozoon that is estimated to infect about 30% of the world’s population, resulting in toxoplasmosis in immuno-compromised patients and adverse outcomes in the primary infection during pregnancy. Exosomes are tubular vesicles secreted by cells, and they function in intercellular communication. It has been reported that the exosomes secreted by T. gondii-infected immune cells transmit infection signals to the uninfected cells. However, the mechanism and effect of the exosome transmission are still vague. We therefore investigated the function of the exosomes transmitted from DC2.4 cells infected with T. gondii RH strain (Tg-DC-Exo) to the uninfected cells, as well as their roles in anti-infection. Methods: We conducted exosome isolation and identification with ultracentrifugation, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and Western blotting. Recipient cells taken up exosomes by PKH67 assay. The signal transmission and the abundance of mir155-5p were determined using transwell assay and qRT-PCR. For the immune responses, cytokines was evaluated. T. gondii B1 gene was determined to evaluate tachyzoites proliferation.Results: We observed that Toxoplasma infection up-regulated mir155-5p expression in DC2.4 cells secreted exosomes, and those exosomes can be ingested by murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells. Tg-DC-Exo and mir155-5p stimulating host proinflammatory immune responses such as proinflammatory cytokine (IL6,iNOS and TNF-α) production increased and NF-κB signal pathway activation by down regulating SOCS1, leading to inhibit T. gondii tachyzoite proliferation in RAW264.7 cells. Conclusion: Our findings provide a novel mechanism for how infected cells transmit infection signals to the uninfected cells through exosome secretion after T. gondii infection, followed by inflammatory responses and anti-infection reactions, which may help us develop a new intervention strategy for toxoplasmosis prevention, especially in immuno-compromised patients.
Perceived risk of COVID-19 in Central Indian population
Authors: Kokane Noopur , Kokane Vandana , Kaur Jasleen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: risk perception influences the behavior of the people. With gradual unlocking in India it is important to understand the perceived risk of people for COVID-19 issue as it might influence number of new positive cases in India.Material and method: this was an online survey which measured the perceived risk under two domain, risk perception of disease and trust people have in authorities and themselves to fight against COVID-19. SPSS 23.0 was used for data analysis.Result: Total sample size is 797. Only participants above age of 60 have high risk perception. But overall risk perception is low. All have high trust in scientist to develop an effective vaccine soon. The overall trust of participants is high which resulted in low risk perception. According to our study participants have low perceived risk. Conclusion: with low perceived risk, there and chances of increase of cases in COVID-19 positive patients. And people should not be misled by false sense of immunity and authorities should be prepared for second wave.
Secular Trends in the Incidence of Migraine in China From 1990 to 2019: a Joinpoint and Age-period-cohort Analysis
Authors: Wang Yufeng , Huang Xueying , Ma Huan , Yue Suru , Liu Jie , Li Shasha , Wu Jiayuan , Hu Liren 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Migraine is a common disorder of the nervous system in China, imposing heavy burdens on individuals and societies. Optimal healthcare planning requires understanding the magnitude and changing trend of migraine incidence in China. However, the secular trend of migraine incidence in China remains unclear. Methods Data were collected from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 in China from 1990 to 2019 to investigate changes in the incidence rate of migraine. The average annual percent change and relative risk were calculated using joinpoint regression and an age–period–cohort model, respectively. Results From 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized incidence rates of migraine in China increased by 0.26% (95% CI: 0.22 to 0.31) and 0.23% (95% CI: 0.19 to 0.28) per year in males and females, respectively. The age effect exerted the most significant impact on the incidence of migraine. The period effect showed a slightly decreasing trend in the incidence of migraine. In terms of the cohort effect, people born after the 1960s presented a higher risk of migraine as compared with the total cohort, with the occurrence risk of migraine increasing with birth cohorts. Conclusion Migraine incidence shows an overall increasing trend in China, with a significant gender difference. An intensive understanding of the risk characteristics and disease pattern of migraine could allow the early detection of persons with a high risk of developing migraine and promote the development of timely intervention measures to relieve this burden effectively.
Impact of COVID-19 Infection Among Myasthenia Gravis Patients- a Cerner Real-world DataTM Study&nbsp;
Authors: Digala Lakshmi , Prasanna Shivika , Rao Praveen , Qureshi Adnan , Govindarajan Raghav 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an auto-immune disease, and the mainstay of therapy is immunomodulation. Such patients are at high risk of acquiring any infections. Hence, we sought to determine the impact of the current global pandemic COVID-19 infection in MG patients.Methods: For our study, we used Cerner Real-World DataTM that was provided through Cerner’s HealtheDataLab research tool. We ran a database query from January 2019 to July 2020 in our study. To extract these patients’ data, we used ICD 9-CM, ICD-10, and SNOMED-CT codes. We report data using means, range, and prevalence rates. The p-values were calculated using the two-sample t-test and Pearson’s chi-squared test. Results:In the COVID-19 data set, a total of twenty-seven myasthenia patients were identified with a positive COVID-19 infection, and four diagnosed with an exacerbation. Male to female ratio was equal and one unknown gender (3.7%) with a mean (± SD) age of 64.33 ± 18.42 years. This study group was compared with a non-COVID-19 data set in which a total of sixty-four myasthenia patients were identified, and twenty-three had an exacerbation. Among the hospitalized patients in the two groups, the mean length of hospitalization for all the myasthenia patients in the COVID-19 data set was 8.28 days (n=7), and the non-COVID-19 set was 4.33 days (n=6), and it was statistically significant (p-value= 0.007). Conclusion: The mean length of hospital stay is prolonged in Myasthenia patients who tested positive for COVID-19.
The Burden of COVID-19 Infection in a Rural Tamil Nadu Community
Authors: Isaac Rita , Paul Biswajit , Finkel Madelon , Moorthy Mahesh , Venkateswaran Seshasailam , Bachmann Till , Pinnock Hilary , Norrie John , Ramalingam Sandeep , Minz Shantidani , Hansdak Samuel , Blythe Richard , Keller Marketa , Muliyil Jayaprakash , Weller David 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: There are almost 11 million cases of COVID-19 in India. Transmission rates vary from region to region, and are influenced by many factors including population susceptibility, travel and uptake of preventive measures. To date there have been relatively few studies examining the impact of the pandemic in poor, rural regions of India. We report on a study examining COVID-19 burden in a rural community in Tamil Nadu.Methods: The study was undertaken in a population of approximately 130000 people, served by the Rural Unit of Health and Social Affairs (RUHSA), a community health center of CMC, Vellore. We established and evaluated a COVID-19 PCR-testing programme for symptomatic patients – testing was offered to 350 individuals, and household members of test-positive cases were offered antibody testing. We also undertook two COVID-19 seroprevalence surveys in the same community, amongst 701 randomly-selected individuals. Results: There were 182 positive tests in the symptomatic population (52.0%). Factors associated with test-positivity were older age, male gender, higher socioeconomic status (SES, as determined by occupation, education and housing), a history of diabetes, contact with a confirmed/suspected case and attending a gathering (such as a religious ceremony, festival or extended family gathering). Amongst test-positive cases, 3 (1.6%) died and 16 (8.8%) suffered a severe illness. Amongst 129 household contacts 40 (31.0 %) tested positive. The two seroprevalence surveys showed positivity rates of 2.2% (July/Aug 2020) and 22.0% (Nov 2020). 40 tested positive (31.0%, 95% CI: 23.02 -38.98). Our estimated infection-to-case ratio was 31.7.Conclusions: A simple approach using community health workers and a community-based testing clinic can readily identify significant numbers of COVID-19 infections in Indian rural population. There appear, however, to be low rates of death and severe illness, although vulnerable groups may be under-represented in our sample. It’s vital these poor, rural populations aren’t overlooked in ongoing pandemic monitoring and vaccine roll-out in India.
Do ARISCAT Scores Help to Predict the Incidence of Postoperative Pulmonary Complications in Elderly Patients After Upper Abdominal Surgery? An Observational Study at a Single University Hospital.
Authors: Nithiuthai Jitsupa , Siriussawakul Arunotai , Triyasunant Namtip , Junkai Rangsinee , Horugsa Nutthakorn , Jarungjitaree Sunit 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) is increasing in line with the rise in the number of surgical procedures performed on geriatric patients. In this study, we determined the incidence of PPCs in elderly Thai patients who underwent upper abdominal procedures, and we investigated whether the Assess Respiratory Risk in Surgical Patients in Catalonia (ARISCAT) score helps to predict PPCs in Thais.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on upper abdominal surgical patients aged over 65 years who had been admitted to the surgical ward of Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand, between January 2016 and December 2019. Data were collected on significant PPCs using the European Perioperative Clinical Outcome definitions. To identify risk factors, evaluations were made of the relationships between the PPCs and various preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative factors, including ARISCAT scores.ResultsIn all, 1,100 elderly postoperative patients were analyzed. Their mean age was 73.62 years, and 48.5% were male. The incidence of PPCs was 7.72%, with the most common being pleural effusion, atelectasis, and pneumonia. The average hospital and intensive care unit stays of the PPC patients were significantly longer than those without PPC (25.35 versus 7.30 days, with p < 0.0001; and 8.36 versus 2.84 days, with p 0.010, respectively). Almost 90% of the PPC patients had intermediate-to-high ARISCAT scores, with an average of 43.15 ± 13.58.ConclusionsPPCs are common in elderly patients and are associated with increased levels of postoperative morbidities and extended ICU and hospital stays. Using the ARISCAT score as an assessment tool facilitates the classification of geriatric Thai patients into PPC risk groups. Its usage might help to raise healthcare awareness and improve the perioperative management of elderly Thai patients. Moreover, the ARISCAT scoring system might be able to be similarly applied in other Southeast Asian countries.