bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transformers Can Navigate Mazes With Multi-Step Prediction
Authors: Nolte Niklas 
Published: December 2024

Despite their remarkable success in language modeling, transformers trained to predict the next token in a sequence struggle with long-term planning. This limitation is particularly evident in tasks requiring foresight to plan multiple steps ahead such as maze navigation. The standard next _single_ token prediction objective, however, offers no explicit mechanism to predict multiple steps ahead—or revisit the path taken so far. Consequently, in this work we study whether explicitly predicting multiple steps ahead (and backwards) can improve transformers’ maze navigation. We train parameter-matched transformers from scratch, under identical settings, to navigate mazes of varying types and sizes with standard next token prediction and MLM-\(\mathcal{U}\), an objective explicitly predicting multiple steps ahead and backwards. We find that MLM-\(\mathcal{U}\) considerably improves transformers’ ability to navigate mazes compared to standard next token prediction across maze types and complexities. We also find MLM-\(\mathcal{U}\) training is 4\(\times\) more sample efficient and converges 2\(\times\) faster in terms of GPU training hours relative to next token training. Finally, for more complex mazes we find MLM-\(\mathcal{U}\) benefits from scaling to larger transformers. Remarkably, we find transformers trained with MLM-\(\mathcal{U}\) outperform larger transformers trained with next token prediction using additional supervision from A* search traces. We hope these findings underscore the promise of learning objectives to advance transformers’ capacity for long-term planning. The code can be found at https://github.com/facebookresearch/maze_navigation_MLMU
IMPLICATIONS OF USING FINGERPRINT ATTENDANCE ON TEACHER WORK DISCIPLINE
Authors: Pagar Alam Hanifah , Adillah Meylia , Anggrayni Vidiyana 
Published: December 2024

Fingerprint attendance is a biometric-based system that uses hardware, software, and databases to accurately record teacher attendance, offering a more efficient method compared to traditional attendance systems. This research aimed to explore the impact of fingerprint attendance on teacher work discipline at SDIT Nur Fatahillah, involving 20 teachers, consisting of 16 permanent foundation teachers (GTY) and 4 non-permanent teachers (GTT). The study employed a descriptive qualitative approach, with a random sampling technique. The findings indicated that the use of fingerprint attendance significantly improves teacher discipline by simplifying the attendance process, ensuring more accurate records, and fostering greater punctuality. Teachers expressed increased satisfaction with the system’s ease of use, which in turn boosted their sense of accountability. Moreover, the implementation of the system led to a noticeable improvement in teacher work discipline, as it encouraged teachers to adhere more closely to their working hours. The study also highlighted that the system provided benefits not only in terms of attendance accuracy but also in terms of enhancing teacher morale and job satisfaction. As a result, fingerprint attendance systems can be considered a valuable tool for educational institutions, promoting better teacher performance, administrative efficiency, and a more disciplined work environment, ultimately contributing to improved overall educational quality.
Keywords: Fingerprint Attendance; Teacher Work Discipline; Integrated Islamic School.
ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES DURING THE LATE MIOCENE TO PLEISTOCENE USING SMALL FORAMINIFERA AND PALYNOMORPHS IN THE KUTAI BASIN, EAST KALIMANTAN
Authors: Nisa Firda Aulya , Jurnaliah Lia , Winantris Winantris , Nugrahanto Kuntadi 
Published: December 2024

The Kutai Basin is one of the large basins in East Kalimantan which was formed during the Tertiary Period. The sedimentation process in this basin is strongly influenced by sea level changes. This study conducts quantitative analysis using the abundance of small foraminifera and palynomorphs in well “FN O-1” located in the northern part of offshore Kutai Basin. It applies the Planktonic-Benthic Ratio to determine the range of the bathymetric-related environments in the entire depth interval. The aims of this study are to interpret the sequence stratigraphy in the Kutai Basin using small foraminifera and palynomorphs associated with sea level changes. Three sequence stratigraphy phases are identified; TST (Transgressive System Tract), HST (Highstand System Tract), and FSST (Falling Stage System Tract), from the Late Miocene to Pleistocene in an inner to outer neritic environment. The results of the P/B ratio calculation show that wells with a depth of 1,230 feet to 12,180 feet are predominantly located in the inner neritic zone with a ratio percentage less than 20%. The highest abundance of small benthic foraminifera reaching 534 individuals was found at a depth of 1,650 feet within the TST phase. The most abundant planktonic foraminifera (452 individuals) was observed at a depth of 1,350 feet during the TST-HST transition. The FSST revealed the most abundance of mangrove palynomorphs with 100 fossil grains at 11,640 feet and 56 back-mangrove palynomorphs fossils were identified within the TST at 2,340 feet. This study concludes that the abundance of small foraminifera and palynomorphs suggests both marine and terrestrial influences on the basin.
Analisis ketahanan hidup pasien pneumonia dengan model regresi cox di RSUD Aceh Tamiang tahun 2022
Authors: Rima Fitriah Putri , Santosa Heru , Arde Lanova Dwi , Lubis Ismil Khairi 
Published: December 2024

Globally, pneumonia is the fourth leading cause of death in the world and the deadliest infectious disease. The 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GDB) study stated that lower respiratory tract infections were responsible for more than 2.49 million deaths with the highest mortality rate in patients over 70 years of age at 1.23 million and 672,000 deaths in patients less than 5 years old. With an increase in cases and high mortality rates in pneumonia, it is necessary to analyze the survival of pneumonia patients by conducting a survival analysis. The design of this study was a retrospective cohort study that observed pneumonia patients who had been hospitalized by looking for factors associated with pneumonia mortality. The population in this study was 1,371 with a sample size of 363 patients. The results of the research factor of vitamin C p-value (0.173) > (0.05) there is no relationship of vitamin C. The factor of ventilator p-value (0.001) < (0.05), there is a relationship between ventilator and pneumonia survival with HR = 1451.802. The factor of decreased consciousness p-value (<0.0001) < (0.05) there is a relationship between decreased consciousness and pneumonia survival with HR = 3.923. The severity factor p-value (0.011) < Î± (0.05), there is an association of severity with the survival of pneumonia with HR = 3739.9. The author suggests that medical personnel prioritize patients using ventilators and their severity to prevent death and provide optimal care on day 12 because it has a high failure rate.

Keywords: Survival. Pneumonia, Cox regression
Refuerzo de la solvencia y nuevo marco de resolución para las entidades aseguradoras y reaseguradoras
Authors: Castillo García Javier 
Published: December 2024

El pasado mes de diciembre de 2023 se aprobaron, durante la Presidencia española del Consejo, los acuerdos políticos correspondientes a la Directiva de modificación de la Directiva de Solvencia II (Directiva del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, por la que se modifica la Directiva 2009/138/CE en lo que respecta a la proporcionalidad, la calidad de la supervisión, la presentación de información, las medidas de garantía a largo plazo, los instrumentos macroprudenciales, los riesgos de sostenibilidad y la supervisión de grupo y transfronteriza) y la Directiva que establece el marco (nuevo) de recuperación y resolución de entidades aseguradoras y reaseguradoras en la Unión Europea (IRRD, por sus siglas en inglés).
Authors: Winarti Eko , Anggi Umbu Pingge Yusti , Alimansur Moh , Agung Mirasa Yudied 
Published: December 2024

Tingkat pengetahuan remaja mengenai kesehatan reproduksi di Indonesia masih tergolong rendah. Hasil survei menunjukkan bahwa banyak remaja yang tidak memahami fungsi organ reproduksi, risiko penyakit menular seksual, serta pentingnya perencanaan keluarga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pelatihan life skill terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap tentang kesehatan reproduksi remaja. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain pre experimental dengan one group pretest posttest design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua remaja di SMK “Y” kelas X. Sampel sebagian remaja di SMK “Y” Surabaya kelas X sejumlah 40 responden. Teknik sampling menggunakan cluster random sampling. Analisis statistik dalam penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan Uji Wilcoxon signed rank test. Hasil intervensi pelatihan dapat mempengaruhi peningkatan pengetahuan dan sikap remaja tentang life skill kesehatan reproduksi remaja di SMK “Y”, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelatihan yang diberikan efektif untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap remaja tentang life skill kesehatan reproduksi remaja.Diharapkan pihak sekolah memberikan pelatihan pendidikan tentang kesehatan reproduksi kepada remaja sejak dini.

Kata kunci: Life Skill, Pengatahun, Sikap, Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja
ANALISIS DAN RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS OBJEK WISATA WILAYAH JABODETABEK BERBASIS WEB.
Authors: Sylvanus Leonard , Leo Andi 
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini diperlukan sebuah sistem informasi yang mampu menyediakan situs web yang menyajikan informasi terpadu dan mudah diakses mengenai objek wisata di wilayah Jabodetabek. Sistem ini diharapkan dapat membantu pengunjung mencari informasi yang mereka butuhkan, sehingga dapat meningkatkan pengalaman berwisata di wilayah Jabodetabek. Penelitian ini berpotensi memberikan manfaat bagi masyarakat, terutama pecinta alam dan budaya. Dalam pengembangan perangkat lunak, metode UAT sangat penting. Metode ini menekankan pentingnya melibatkan pengguna akhir atau pelanggan dalam proses pengujian untuk memastikan perangkat lunak memenuhi kebutuhan dan harapan mereka sebelum diluncurkan. Pressman menjelaskan bahwa UAT memberikan kesempatan bagi pengguna akhir untuk menguji fungsionalitas, mengevaluasi kesesuaian, memberikan umpan balik, dan mendukung penerimaan perangkat lunak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 73,57% responden menyatakan bahwa situs web SIG Wisata Jabodetabek dapat memenuhi kebutuhan mereka. Bagi wisatawan, sistem ini memudahkan mereka memperoleh informasi tentang objek wisata di Jabodetabek dengan lebih mudah dan akurat. Sistem ini menyediakan informasi lengkap mengenai lokasi, jenis wisata, harga, dan ulasan dari wisatawan lain, membantu mereka membuat keputusan yang lebih baik dan cepat. Selain itu, pedagang kuliner dapat mendaftarkan usaha mereka di situs web ini, meningkatkan eksposur dan potensi bisnis mereka.
Local Chief Executive Conflicts in Indonesia: A Strategy for Prevention and Resolution
Authors: Iswandi Kelik 
Published: December 2024

The Local Chief Executive and Vice elections in Indonesia are conducted together, which leads to potential conflicts in the relationship between both parties. Therefore, this research aimed to examine the causes and mechanisms for resolving conflicts between Local Chief Executive and Vice. This is empirical juridical research with the primary, secondary, and tertiary data analyzed through the utilization of a statutory and conceptual approach. The results showed that the conflict between the Local Chief Executive and the Vice was caused by the absence of chemistry and a clear division of duties. The two alternative mechanisms that can be used to prevent the conflict are mate selection during the nomination period, and the application of an agreement mechanism in accordance with the laws and political agreements. Vertical settlement mechanism, which enables the Local House of Representative (DPRD) was adopted to resolve persistent conflict in accordance with the controlling function. This mechanism is a new concept that can be used as a guideline for resolving Local Chief Executive conflicts in Indonesia.
IDENTIFICATION OF HAIR OF HUMAN ORIGIN USING DIRECT POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION
Authors: Tri Widodo Wimbuh , Masjkur Indah Nuraini , Huda Qurrota A’yunil , Yudianto Ahmad , Kristianto Sonny , Putri Rury Erina 
Published: December 2024

Background: Hair is one of the human parts that is easily scattered and easy to obtain for testing. Direct PCR which is PCR without going through the DNA extraction process has been widely used in various fields. The cytochrome b gene is one of the genes located in mitochondrial DNA. The gene is unique in that it has a small variation within one species organism but has a large variation between species. Aims: c. Methods: Hair was heated at 600C for 10 minutes then the sample was used for the PCR template. PCR was performed using the cytochrome b gene. The results: The analysis showed that human hair could still be detected on day 30 using direct PCR using the cytochrome b gene. Conclusions: This result will simplify and save time in analysis in various fields related to hair shafts.
Pengaruh Penggalian Tanah Untuk Industri Batu Bata Terhadap Sifat Fisika Tanah Pada Lahan Pertanian
Authors: Efriandi Efriandi 
Published: December 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melihat perubahan sifat fisika tanah setelah dilakukan penambangan tanah untuk bahan baku batu bata. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan analisa laboratorium setiap sampel tanah yang diambil yaitu cuplikan tanah (± 2 kg) diambil dan diambil menggunakan ring sampel per jeluk tanah serta diberi kode/label untuk dianalisis : 1. Tekstur tanah, 2. BV Tanah, 3. BJ Tanah, 4. Karakteristik Lengas Tanah, 5. Permeabilitas Tanah, 6. Kemantapan Agregat, 7. Kadar Bahan Organik. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya perubahan sifat fisika tanah setelah dilakukan penambangan. Tekstur tanah Inceptisol setelah ditambang berubah dari bertekstur geluh lempung pasiran menjadi geluh lempung debuan. Berat volume (BV) tanah dari rerata 1,56 g/cm3 menjadi rerata 1,10 g/cm3 sampai 1,36 g/cm3. Berat jenis (BJ) tanah dari rerata 2,06 g/cm3 menjadi rerata 1,70 g/cm3 sampai 1,92 g/cm3. Permeabilitas tanah dari agak cepat menjadi sangat cepat. Kemantapan agregat tanah dari mantap menjadi kurang mantap sampai tidak mantap. Kandungan bahan organik (BO) tanah dari sekitar 1,77% menjadi sekitar 0,44% sampai 0,66%.

Kata kunci— Tanah, Sifat Fisika Tanah, Batu Bata
Blended Learning dan Aplikasinya di Era New Normal Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Nurhadi Nunung 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRAK
Saat ini indonesia sedang memasuki era “New Normal” dari pandemi Covid-19, dimana protokol kesehatan harus diimplementasikan pada setiap kegiatan termasuk kegiatan pelatihan. Blended learning merupakan salah satu model pelatihan yang didalamnya memadukan antara pembelajaran online dan pembelajaran offline yang dapat mengurangi kegiatan pengumpulan massa sebagai salah satu protokol kesehatan menghindari Covid-19. Blended learning tetap berorientasi pencapaian tujuan pelatihan yaitu peningkatan pengetahuan, keterampilan dan sikap. Pembelajaran online dapat meningkatkan wawasan dan pengetahuan, dan pembelajaran offline dapat meningkatkan keterampilan, khususnya pada materi spesifik yang keterampilan tidak otomatis didapatkan dari peningkatan pengetahuan. Kombinasi prosentase online dan offline atau tatap muka dapat disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan pelatihan. Blended learning dapat membuat biaya lebih efektif, hemat waktu, objek dapat digunakan kembali untuk dipelajari ulang dan fleksibel bagi peserta didik. Beberapa hal yang perlu dipersiapkan sebelum menjalankan blended learning diantaranya: penyediaan tenaga fasilitator yang memahami teknologi informasi dan komunikasi, penyediaan Learning Management Sistem (LMS), penyediaan fasilitas internet, perpustakaan digital, modifikasi bahan tayang sehingga lebih mudah dipahami dan membuat enjoy peserta didik dan mengantisipasi hal hal yang menghambat seperti peserta didik yang frustasi karena waktunya habis untuk mempelajari sistem.
Kata kunci : Blended Learning, Online, Offline, Tatap Muka, New Normal
ABSTRACT
Currently, Indonesia is entering the "New Normal" era of the Covid-19 pandemic, where health protocols must be implemented in every activity including training activities. Blended learning is a training model that combines online learning and offline learning that can reduce mass gathering activities as one of the health protocols to avoiding Covid-19. Blended learning remains oriented towards achieving the training objectives of increasing knowledge, skills and attitudes. Online learning can increase insight and knowledge, and offline learning can improve skills, especially on specific material for which skills are not automatically acquired from increased knowledge.The combination of online and offline or face-to-face percentages can be adjusted to the training needs. Blended learning can make it more cost effective, save time, objects can be reused for re-study and flexible for participants.Some things that need to be prepared before running blended learning include: the provision of facilitators who understand information and communication technology, Learning Management Systems (LMS), internet facilities, digital libraries, modification of broadcast material that easier to understand and makes participants enjoy and anticipate inhibiting things such as frustrated participants because time is running out to learn the system.
Keyword : Blended Learning, Online, Offline, Face to face, New Normal
APPEARANCE OF INPARI IR NUTRI ZINC AND INPARI 32 IN LEBAK SWAMP LAND IN PALEMBANG SOUTH SUMATRA
Authors: Suparwoto Suparwoto 
Published: December 2024

New superior varieties are one of the innovative technologies that are reliable for increasing rice productivity, both through increasing crop yields and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses . Generally, farmers in the Lebak swamp use high-yielding varieties that are self-propagated from year to year, which results in low production. Therefore, in this study, the Inpari IR Nutri Zinc variety was introduced which has advantages compared to other varieties in terms of zinc content, while Inpari 32 is already adaptive in the lebak swamp with a potential yield of 8-9 tons/ha. The purpose of this study was to determine the appearance of Inpari IR Nutri Zinc and Inpari 32 using the legowo row planting system 2:1 in the Lebak swamp. The research was carried out in Sei Selincah Village, Kalidoni Subdistrict, Palembang, South Sumatra, from April to September 2021 with an agro-ecosystem of the middle Lebak swamp. The technology introduced consisted of the Inpari IR Nutri Zinc and Inpari 32 varieties, legowo row planting spacing 2:1 (50x25x12.5 cm) and balanced fertilizer. Observation data included: plant height at harvest, number of productive tillers, panicle length, number of grain/panicle, number of pithy grain/panicle and productivity. Analysis of the financial feasibility of rice farming by calculating gross income or Total Revenue (TR) and net income or Net Revenue (NR). The TR and NR values ​​obtained are then used to measure the financial feasibility of farming using R/C ratio analysis. The results of the study showed that growth and yield components were not significantly different except for panicle length and productivity. The productivity of Inpari IR Nutri Zinc is 6.2 tons gkp/ha and Inpari 32 is 7.0 tons gkp/ha
Peningkatan Kualitas Kit Elisa Rabies Pusvetma
Authors: Mashelli Ekky Valinia Devia , Sjolichah Nur , Hartanti Febri 
Published: December 2024

Enzym Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) merupakan salah satu alat uji untuk mendeteksi antibody. Teknik pengujian atau pemeriksaan berdasarkan atas ikatan antigen antibodi yang mana salah satu antigen atau antibodi dilabel dengan Enzym tertentu dan reaktan lainnya berikatan. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini yaitu persiapan mikroplate (coating, blocking, washing) dan pengujian kit ELISA. Hasil uji serum kontrol positif, serum kontrol negatif, serum standart dan serum sampel yang menggunakan substrat label TMB dan Konjugat Protein A-HRP menunjukkan nilai OD yang lebih stabil dibanding dengan yang menggunakan substrat PNPP dan Konjugat Protein A-AP (Alkaline Phosphatase) dengan panjang gelombang 405 nm.
Implementasi Green Marketing terhadap Sikap Konsumen Kosmetik Alami PT. Best One Natural
Authors: Astiti Ari , Indriani Yaktiworo , Sayekti Wuryaningsih Dwi 
Published: December 2024

Enviromental issue stimulate growth of green marketing. The aims of this research are to evaluate implementation of green marketing and attitude of natural cosmetics consumens at PT Best One Natural in case to support green cosmetics marketing. Data collection in July to September 2023 at Terusan Nunyai, Lampung Tengah. The research method used is case study which is analized by qualitative and quantitative descriptive. The samples are consumers of PT Best One Natural which are recruited by random sampling. Total respondens are 54 consumers. Data analyzed by descriptive analysis, namely Multiatribut Fishbein and Ideal model for analyse Consumer Behaviour. Analyze of this research showed that PT Best One Natural have implement green marketing in green product specially at quality aspect and minimalize product waste, then still optimalize at green price, green promotion also green place aspect. The research show that consumers like Best One Natural products with the highest score on the quality attribute and the lowest score on the price attribute. Consumers stated that the highest ideal model was for the longlasting fragrance attribute and the lowest ideal value was for the label attribute.

Keywords : consumer attitude, green marketing, natural cosmetics