bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of β-mannanase enzyme supplementation on the morphofunctional state of broiler chickens’ immunocompetent organs
Authors: Oliyar A. V. , Skliarov P. M. , Masiuk D. M. , Bilyi D. D. , Logvinova V. V. , Lieshchova M. A. 
Published: January 2021

Identifying and eliminating factors that interfere with the nutrient absorption from feed is essential for successful poultry rearing. The nutritional value of feed mixtures used in the poultry industry can be increased by the use of enzyme supplements, in particular β-mannanase (Hemicell), which breaks down the anti-nutrients β-mannans that are present in significant quantities in soy products. For the study, two groups of 50 broiler chickens were formed. In the control group a standard feed mixture from cereals was used, particularly soybeans, and in the experimental group 0.05% β-mannanase enzyme supplement (Hemicell) in addition to the compound feed was used. Production indicators were established (average daily gain, survival rate, feed costs). On the 15th, 25th and 42nd days of rearing, lymphatic organs (cloacal bursa and spleen) were collected from seven chickens of each group, followed by macro, microscopic and morphometric evaluation. It was found that the addition of an enzyme supplement promotes an increase in the production indicators of poultry rearing, reduces feed use, does not affect the macroscopic characteristics of the lymphatic organs. β-mannanase (Hemicell) contributes to the maintenance of an active morphofunctional state of the cloacal bursa and spleen during the entire period of poultry rearing. This was manifested by high indices of the absolute and relative organ masses, a moderate development degree of tissue components and cloacal bursa histological structures (number, shape and average length of lymphatic nodules, density of lymphocytes in the cortex and medulla) and spleen (number and diameter of lymphatic nodules and periarterioal lymphatic sheaths). In the control group, at all stages of rearing, the morphofunctional state of the bursa was found to be lower and signs of immunosuppression were revealed by the end of the rearing period (a sharp decline in the bursa absolute mass, organ mass index, a decrease in the average length of nodules, change in their shape, thinned cortical layer and delymphotisation). The morphofunctional state of the spleen of chickens from the control group remained high throughout the entire study period. So use of the β-mannanase enzyme supplement (Hemicell) while rearing broiler chickens not only increased the efficiency of their rearing but also contributed to maintaining a high morphological and functional state of the cloacal bursa.
The Effects of Argumentation-Based Teaching Approach on Students’ Critical Thinking Disposition and Argumentation Skills: “Population in Our Country Unit”
Authors: Akbaş Yavuz 
Published: January 2021

As there are limited studies examining relationships between argumentation-based teaching approach and critical thinking and argumentation skills in social studies, the aim of this study was to examine the effects of argumentation-based teaching approach on students' critical thinking disposition and argumentation skills, and the relationship between students’ argumentation skills and critical thinking disposition. We used a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest equivalent control groups. The participants of this study were 94 seventh grade students from three different classrooms in a middle school in Erzurum district of Turkey. We utilized University of Florida Engagement, Maturity and Innovativeness Critical Thinking Disposition Instrument (UF/EMICTDI) to identify students’ critical thinking disposition and argumentation activities to document students’ argumentation skills. We used one-way ANOVA and multiple comparisons Tukey tests to analyze the data obtained via the UF/EMICTDI, correlation and regression analysis to investigate the relationships between students’ argumentation skills and critical thinking disposition. Argumentation Evaluation Rubric was used in order to evaluate the arguments that the students formed. Results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between students’ pre-test critical thinking disposition scores in the experimental and control groups but there was a statistically significant difference between students’ post-test critical thinking disposition scores. Additionally, we observed that students’ argumentation skills enhanced throughout the study, there was a statistically significant positive relationship between students’ argumentation skills and critical thinking disposition, and argumentation skills variable was the predictor of critical thinking disposition. We recommend future research studies to examine the effects of the argumentation-based science learning approach on different higher-order thinking skills. Additionally, in social studies classes, similar activities employed in this study on “Population in Our Country” unit can be used in teaching different topics/units in order to improve students’ argumentation skills.
Cinderella Syndrome "Women with Fear of Independence": Developing a Scale
Authors: Vural Meryem , DEMİR Melek 
Published: January 2021

Cinderella syndrome is a concept which is used to define woman who fear from being independent. Women with Cinderella syndrome are in the need of men’s refuge and protection. The syndrome is like a psychological dependence for women and in this dependence, situation being patient and moral is important for being rescued by a man as a reward. In the syndrome women expect a man to come and take control of their own lives so that they can live happily. The aim of the study developing a scale into Turkish culture to determine the level of Cinderella Syndrome in females. The Cinderella Syndrome Scale is a 5-point Likert Type scale which includes 25 items. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted to define construct validity and three factors were determined, called “sexist attitude”, “escape from responsibility” and “quitting career”. According to EFA, three factors describe 54,69 % of the variance. Results of EFA were validated by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The Cronbach’s alpha was found as .94 for the total scale.
Polyphase deformation along the South Bohemian Batholith-Moldanubian nappes boundary – The Freyenstein Fault System (Bohemian Massif/Austria)
Authors: Griesmeier Gerit E. U. , Iglseder Christoph , Schuster Ralf , Petrakakis Konstantin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This work describes the Freyenstein Fault System, which extends over 45 km in the southeastern part of the Bohemian Massif (Lower Austria). It represents a ductile shear zone overprinted by a brittle fault located at the eastern edge of the South Bohemian Batholith towards the Moldanubian nappes. It affects Weinsberg- and a more “fine-grained” granite, interlayered aplitic granite and pegmatite dikes as well as paragneiss of the Ostrong Nappe System. The ductile shear zone is represented by approximately 500 m thick greenschist-facies mylonite dipping about 60° to the southeast. Shear-sense criteria like clast geometries, SCC`-type shear band fabrics as well as abundant microstructures show top to the south/ southsouthwest normal shearing with a dextral strike-slip component. Mineral assemblages in mylonitized granitoid consist of pre- to syntectonic muscovite- and biotite-porphyroclasts as well as dynamically recrystallized potassium feldspar, plagioclase and quartz. Dynamic recrystallization of potassium feldspar and the stability of biotite indicate upper green-schist-facies metamorphic conditions during the early phase of deformation. Fluid infiltration at lower greenschist-facies conditions led to local sericitization of feldspar and synmylonitic chloritisation of biotite during a later stage of ductile deformation. Finally, a brittle overprint by a north-south trending, subvertical, sinistral strike-slip fault that shows a normal component is observed. Ductile normal shearing along the Freyenstein Shear Zone is interpreted to have occurred between 320 Ma and c. 300 Ma. This time interval is indicated by literature data on the emplacement of the hostrock and cooling below c. 300°C inferred from two Rb-Sr biotite ages measured on undeformed granites close to the shear zone yielding 309.6 ± 3 Ma and 290.9 ± 2.9 Ma, respectively. Brittle sinistral strike-slip faulting at less than 300°C presumably took place not earlier than 300 Ma. Early ductile shearing along the Freyenstein Fault System may be genetically, but not kinematically linked to the Strudengau Shear Zone, as both acted in an extensional regime during late Variscan orogenic collapse. A relation to other major northeast-southwest trending faults of this part of the Bohemian Massif (e.g. the Vitis-Pribyslav Fault System) is indicated for the phase of brittle sinistral movement.
The St. Veit Klippen Unit in Vienna (Austria) – Jurassic to Cretaceous biostratigraphy and facies based on historical fossil collections
Authors: Lukeneder Alexander , Lukeneder Petra , Harzhauser Mathias 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Historical fossil assemblages from the Lower Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous of the Sankt Veit Klippen Unit (SVK) on the western outskirts of Vienna were re-evaluated. Collections of the material from the St. Veit Klippen Unit comprise 3497 specimens. An appropriate nomenclature was used, and the taxonomy was partly revised. Historical collections from Franz Toula (1845–1920) and Friedrich Trauth (1883–1967) were investigated in the collections of the Natural History Museum Vienna, the Geological Survey Vienna, the Department of Geology and the Department of Palaeontology (both University Vienna). Additional collections were studied in the district museums Hietzing (13th district Vienna) and Liesing (23rd district Vienna), in the district municipal office of Hietzing and in the Wienerwald Museum (Eichgraben, Lower Austria). The study area is situated in the easternmost part of the St. Veit Klippen Unit in the Wienerwald (Vienna Woods), part of the 13th Viennese district Hietzing. New data allowed a revision of the biostratigraphy of several lithological units of the SVK. Two main fossil complexes could be distinguished: 1) the Hohenauer Wiese assemblage from the wildlife park Lainz (= “Lainzer Tiergarten”) and 2) the Glasauer quarry assemblage from St. Veit.
Stigmatization as a psychological resource for rehabilitation of cardiology clinic patients
Authors: Solovyova Svetlana L. , Vlasova Natalya V. 
Published: January 2021

Aim. Identify the adaptive level of stigma and describe its characteristics.
Methods. Adapted for the cardiology clinic questionnaire of N. Sartorius, symptomatic questionnaire SCL-90-R (Simptom Check List-90-Revised), Schutzs Interpersonal relations questionnaire (1958), Tobol test method of the type of attitude to disease and treatment, and the Personal differential questionnaire. The data obtained were processed using the statistical program SPPS 20.
Results. The study determined the optimal degree of stigmatization, which performed a positive role in relation to the state of health, helping patients to adequately assess the severity of the pathology, identify themselves with the disease and realize the necessary measure of their own responsibility in the treatment process (from 48 to 60). Clinical and social factors of optimal degree of stigmatization and successful rehabilitation of cardiology clinic patients are identified (resources): the patients higher education and the familys tendency to low-protecting position potentially contribute to the treatment and rehabilitation of cardiology clinic patients with moderate severity of their somatic condition. Clinical and social factors (anti-resources) that prevent the formation of an optimal degree of stigmatization and successful rehabilitation of patients are identified: the operative type of treatment, the overprotective position of the family, which is not justified by a real need, and the low level of education. It is established that the absence of pronounced pathocharacterological features and difficulties in interpersonal interaction of patients with an average level of stigmatization is an argument for determining this level of stigmatization as a resource. According to the results of the study the tasks for the medical psychologist of the cardiology clinic are set:
1) diagnostic, which consists in determining the level of stigmatization, analyzing the ratio of the degree of stigmatization and the degree of severity of cardiovascular pathology, studying individual resources and anti-resources (attitude to the disease and treatment, pathocharacterological features and interpersonal features);
2) psychocorrective, which consists in forming an adequate position in relation to the disease and treatment of patients and their families, restoring intra-family ties, changing inadequate responses to the disease, creating realistic attitudes to treatment in patients and their family members.
Conclusion. The average degree of stigmatization is formed in patients in the absence of a pronounced personal and interpersonal problems, allowing them to receive social support in the conditions of restrictions imposed by the disease, and adapt to it. The average level of stigmatization in this case acts as an additional psychological resource for patients.
Study on outcome of tympanopanoplasty: a two year institutional study
Authors: Pathak Vivek K. , Saxena Rohit , Nayak Pradeepti , Tyagi Sonali 
Published: January 2021

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Tympanoplasty is one of the common surgical procedure performed in CSOM (TTD), this study was undertaken to determine the outcome of tympanoplasty at a tertiary care teaching hospital.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This analytical observational study was conducted in the department of E.N.T, School of Medical Sciences and Research, from January 2017 to December 2018. Informed consent was taken to participate in the study pure tone audiometry (PTA) was performed before surgery and post-operatively six months. Air-bone gap (ABG) was calculated in pre- and postoperative PTA. The data were analyzed using SPSS (version 20). The p value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Over a peroid of 2 years 168 patients underwent type 1 tympanoplasty 86 were male 21 (51.19%), female 82 (48.80%), age (range 15–53 years). Mean pre-operative air-conduction of 43.12 dB was significantly reduced to 16.12 dB with p value of &lt;0.05. Similarly the pre-operative mean air bone gap on PTA of 35.63±6.35 dB was also reduced to statistically significant level of 7.41±3.51 dB on post-operative PTA with p value of &lt;0.05. Graft was taken up well in 152 cases (90.2%).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> According to our study surgical outcome of tympanoplasty is fairly good and should be done if patient gives consent.</p>
The practices and philosophies of cartilage tympanoplasty in difficult and challenging circumstances: audiological and morphological perspectives
Authors: Pandey Apoorva Kumar , Haq Ajaz U. , Hernot Sharad , Kaintura Madhuri , Bhardwaj Aparna , Anjum Fatma , Bisht Akanksha , Negi K. S. 
Published: January 2021

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The main objective of the study was to assess the anatomical and functional results of cartilage tympanoplasty using full thickness cartilage graft (with or without perichondrium) reinforced with fascia in high risk situations.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This prospective non-controlled, non-randomized study included 124 cases of chronic otitis media who underwent cartilage (reinforcement) tympanoplasty (underlay) and ossicular reconstruction with or without mastoidectomy in following seven groups: revision cases, atelectatic cases, subtotal perforation (dry), larger anterior perforations (dry), tympanosclerosis, cholesteatomatous ear, and wet (discharging) ears . Graft success was accepted labelled as an intact graft at the end of six month postoperatively. At the same time, hearing results were also assessed by comparing pre- and post-operative pure tone average air-bone gap (PTA-ABG) of each group using Student “t” test and p&lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant for the hearing outcomes. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Anatomical success rate in this series was 94.36%. The overall mean pre- and post- operative pure tone average air-bone gap (PTA-ABG) were 31.33±10.41 dB and 19.55±12.04 dB, respectively and the difference was statistically significant (p&lt;0.05). Best take up rates were observed in atelectatic and tympanosclerotic group i.e., 100% and 96.55% respectively.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> This study discusses the results of cartilage tympanoplasty in specifically indicated seven situation and reveals good anatomic results in each group (minimum success rate was 86.66% in wet ears) and statistically significant differences in mean pre- and post op PTA-ABG in groups except cholesteatoma and wet ear group.</p>
Understanding and analyzing competency based undergraduate curriculum in otorhinolaryngology for its effective implementation
Authors: Khilnani Ajeet Kumar , Khilnani Gurudas , Thaddanee Rekha 
Published: January 2021

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Competency based curriculum (CBC) in medical education is introduced in a phase-wise manner from year 2019. It is important for the medical universities and institutions to understand, adopt and implement phase-wise new curriculum. The faculty development program has provided expertise to develop teaching schedules accordingly. Here we present our understanding and analysis of CBC in otorhinolaryngology (ORL). </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The documents used for this analysis were Graduate Medical Education Regulations, 1997 and 2019, UG curriculum volume-III, Logbook guidelines module, alignment &amp; integration module and assessment module. These are readily available at national medical commission (NMC) website. The teaching hours in ORL were distributed among the competencies and they were aligned with suitable teaching learning methods. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The 76 competencies in ORL are to be completed in 202 hours (25 hours lectures, 5 hours self-directed learning, 40 hours small group teaching and 132 hours clinical postings). There will be 4 weeks clinical posting in ORL during phase-II and another 4 weeks during phase-III, part-1. The new curriculum emphasizes on day to day assessment during and after the instructions and that can be achieved by careful planning and involving all faculty members. Achieving 50% internal assessment marks along with logbook submission are the eligibility criteria for appearing in university examination. </p><p class="AT"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The two-year training in ORL shall be imparted by lectures, small group discussions, and DOAP sessions. The emphasis on skills acquisition is the hallmark of CBC in ORL. Proper implementation of this curriculum requires collective efforts of all faculty members of the department and inter-departmental coordination.</p>
SLIPPERY SLOPE FRAMEWORK: MOTIVASI PEMBAYARAN PAJAK DAN KEPATUHAN PAJAK
Authors: Amalia Firda Ayu 
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study is to provide empirical evidence behind tax compliance based on a slippery slope framework, namely the motivation to pay taxes due to the power (power) of the government or the awareness of the taxpayers themselves. This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques in the form of questionnaires and interviews. The sample used was the UMKM actors in Batu's city with a purposive sampling technique. The study results provide empirical evidence that tax payment motivation has a positive effect on tax compliance. Furthermore, interviews with several MSME actors who became respondents stated that tax payments were based on the government's power. It can be said that the motivation for tax payments has not been based on the taxpayer's awareness. The research results are expected to provide advice to the government regarding policies or steps that should be taken to increase the trust (trust) of taxpayers on tax payments that have been made. If the trust is built, tax compliance can increase without coercion.
Educación científica basada en pruebas
Authors: Solbes Jordi , Torres Nidia Yaneth 
Published: January 2021

El sistema educativo es muy grande y, por eso, hay mucha resistencia a los cambios en la práctica educativa, debido a que los profesores están aislados en sus aulas y no forman grupos de investigación e innovación, lo que dificulta que los cambios se propaguen; y a que los profesores siguen la tradición ―repiten lo que hicieron con ellos en su larga época de estudiantes―, o toman sus decisiones por ensayo y error (Gil, 1991). Frente a esto ¿es posible una educación científica basada en pruebas?
Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound in the Diagnosis and Evaluation of the Efficiency of Chemotherapy in Patients with Colorectal Liver Metastases
Authors: Kovaleva E. V. , Sinyukova G. T. , Danzanova T. Yu. , Lepedatu P. I. , Gudilina E. A. , Allakhverdieva G. F. 
Published: January 2021

Objective: to determine the possibilities of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in identifying and evaluating the efficiency of chemotherapy in patients with colorectal liver metastases (CLM).Material and methods. The investigation enrolled 28 patients with CLM. The patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 – 15 pretreatment patients; Group 2 – 13 posttreatment patients with process stabilization. All the patients underwent standard B-mode ultrasound of the liver and that using the contrast agent SonoVue ® (Bracco, Italy), by recording and estimating the parameters of the intensity-time curve (CIV). Liver CEUS assesses the nature of contrasting metastases in three phases (arterial, venous, and delay ones).Results. The investigators identified three types of contrast agent accumulation in CLM in the arterial phase: along the periphery of the lesions (in 60% of the patients of Group 1, in 76.9% in Group 2), homogeneously over the entire volume (in 26.7% in Group 1 and in 0.08% in Group 2), in parallel with intact liver parenchyma (13.3% in Group 1 and 23.02% in Group 2). In the delay phase, more metastases were detected in 4 cases (14.3%). Estimation of CIV parameters showed a difference at the beginning of contrast enhancement stages between the patients in both groups. Group 1 exhibited the early contrasting of liver metastases (19.3 sec); Group 2 displayed the late washout of a contrast agent (65.9 sec).Conclusion. CEUS versus B-mode ultrasound improves the imaging of liver metastases. The change in the vascular architectonics and hemodynamics in CLM after chemotherapy is reflected in the alteration of the rate of contrast accumulation and washout from the metastases, which allows CEUS to be used in the evaluation of the efficiency of this treatment.
REPRESENTATION OF IDEOLOGY IN TEMPO NEWSPAPER ANCOL RECLAMATION NEWS DISCOURSE (Van Dijk Model Criticaldiscourse Analysis Study)
Authors: Visiaty Arianty , Rasyid Yumna , Anwar Miftahulkhairah 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT

The study aims to examine the ideological representations that appear in the news in the media. The analysis of this research uses the CDA Van Dijk concept. The data of this research is the news entitled “DKI Mengklaim Perluasan Ancol untuk Publik” published in TEMPO Newspaper, Monday July 6, 2020. From the analysis, this news shows support for the reclamation policy of the Ancol area of the DKI Jakarta Government. Besides, it is known that this news represents the ideological strategy of capitalism.
Keywords: Critical Discourse Analysis; Van Dijk model; ideology