bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complete Genome Sequence ofStenotrophomonas rhizophilaKC1, a Quorum Sensing–Producing Algicidal Bacterium Isolated from MangroveKandelia candel
Authors: Zhang Qin , Wang Yan , Zhou Jin 
Published: March 2021

This paper describes the isolation of an algicidal strain, Stenotrophomonas rhizophila KC1, from mangrove (Kandelia candel) and its genome, which was sequenced using next-generation sequencing technology. The genome is 5.93 Mb with a G+C content of 63.17%. A total of 3,352 functional proteins were assigned according to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes categories. A total of 11,586 protein-coding genes, 73 transfer RNA genes, and 17 ribosomal RNA genes were obtained. In silico genome annotation protocols identified 83 putative quorum sensing (QS) genes, and the algicidal potential of KC1 was related with the QS genes (for example LuxI-LuxR genes). Collectively, these data suggest that KC1 may be an antialgal bacterium whose behavior can be modulated by QS signaling. The annotated genome sequence of this strain may represent a valuable tool for studying algae-bacteria interactions and developing microbe-based methods for controlling harmful algae.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Cost-benefit Analysis of Cochlear Implants: A Societal Perspective
Authors: Neve Olaf M. , Boerman Jenneke A. , van den Hout Wilbert B. , Briaire Jeroen J. , van Benthem Peter P.G. , Frijns Johan H.M. 
Published: March 2021

Objectives:
While the costs and outcomes of cochlear implantation (CI) have been widely assessed, most of these analyses were solely performed from the perspective of healthcare costs. This study assesses the costs and benefits of CI in the Netherlands from a broader societal perspective, including health outcomes, healthcare cost, educational cost, and productivity losses and gains.

Design:
The cost and benefits of CI were analyzed in this cost-benefit analysis, in which a monetary value is put on both the resources needed and the outcomes of CI. The costs and benefits were analyzed by prototypical instances of three groups, representing the majority of cochlear implant patients: prelingually deaf children implanted at the age of 1, adults with progressive profound hearing loss implanted at the age of 40 and seniors implanted at the age of 70 with progressive profound hearing loss. Costs and benefits were estimated over the expected lifetimes of the members of each group, using a Markov state transition model. Model parameters and assumptions were based on published literature. Probabilistic and one-way sensitivity analyses were performed.

Results:
In all three patient groups, the total benefits of CI exceeded the total cost, leading to a net benefit of CI. Prelingually deaf children with a bilateral CI had a lifetime positive outcome net benefit of €433,000. Adults and seniors with progressive profound hearing loss and a unilateral CI had a total net benefit of €275,000 and €76,000, respectively. These results ensue from health outcomes expressed in monetary terms, reduced educational cost, and increased productivity.

Conclusions:
Based on estimates from modeling, the increased healthcare costs due to CI were more than compensated by the value of the health benefits and by savings in educational and productivity costs. In particular, for children and working adults, the societal benefit was positive even without taking health benefits into account. Therefore, CI generates an advantage for both patients and society.
In Situ Placement Versus Anterior Transposition of the Ulnar Nerve for Distal Humerus Fractures Treated With Plate Fixation: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Dehghan Niloofar , Nauth Aaron , Hall Jeremy , Vicente Milena , McKee Michael D. , Schemitsch Emil H. ,   On behalf of the Canadian Orthopaedic Trauma Society
Published: March 2021

Objectives:
To compare clinical scores and electrodiagnostic evidence of ulnar neuropathy, between ulnar nerve mobilization and placement back in the cubital tunnel versus anterior transposition, during plate and screw fixation of a bicolumnar fracture of the distal humerus.

Design:
Multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Setting:
Eight tertiary care centres in Canada.

Patients:
Fifty-eight patients with distal humerus fractures undergoing plate fixation of both columns were recruited and randomized.

Intervention:
All patients underwent bicolumnar plate fixation for an acute, displaced fracture of the distal humerus with identification, mobilization, and protection of the ulnar nerve as part of the surgical approach. At the conclusion of the procedure, they were randomized to either (1) replacing the nerve in situ in the cubital tunnel or (2) anterior transposition.

Main Outcome Measurements:
The primary outcome was the Gabel & Amadio rating scale for ulnar neuropathy. Secondary outcomes included a functional outcome score (Mayo Elbow Performance Score), disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand instrument, 2-point discrimination, nerve conduction testing, complications, and secondary surgeries.

Results:
Thirty-one patients were randomized to in situ placement and 27 to anterior transposition. The mean age was 53 years, and 60% were women. There was no difference between the 2 groups with regards to age, gender, body mass index, smoking, diabetes, injury characteristics, time to operation, length of operation, or surgical approach. There was no difference in outcome between the 2 groups at any time point with regards to Gabel & Amadio ulnar neuropathy scores, Mayo Elbow Performance Score, disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand instrument, or 2-point discrimination. The incidence of ulnar nerve dysfunction, as measured by use of the Gabel & Amadio ulnar neuropathy score, was poor in both groups acutely; however, there was significant improvement at 12 months postoperatively (6.0–7.8, P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
This study was unable to demonstrate any significant difference in outcomes when comparing ulnar nerve mobilization and in situ placement and anterior subcutaneous transposition after bicolumnar plate fixation of a distal humerus fracture. Either strategy for managing the ulnar nerve is acceptable and can be used at the discretion of the treating surgeon.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Severe Skin Infections Due to Serratia marcescens
Authors: Gadhiya Kinjal Prakash , Goldman John , Panupong Hansrivijit , Balchander Divya , Cook Ellen , Enriquez Kathryn , Smith Debi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Serratia marcescens is a gram-negative bacilli belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family associated with septic shock and high mortality. It rarely presents as soft tissue infections. Here, we describe a first and rare case report as well as a review of literature of bullous cellulitis from S. marcescens associated with a cat scratch in an immunocompromised patient.
Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Genes in Enterococcus faecalis Isolated From Human Dental Plaque
Authors: Bakhti Mehrnaz , Akhondnezhad Mona , Gholami Mehrdad , Nasrolahei Mohtaram , Goli Hamid Reza 
Published: March 2021

Background

Enterococcus faecalis causing serious infections have many virulence factors to be involved in the pathogenesis. Its pathogenicity ranges from life-threatening diseases in compromised patients to less severe features, such as infection of acquired root canals with chronic periodontitis. The aim of the present study was to determine the antibiotic resistance patterns and virulence genes in E. faecalis isolated from human dental plaque.

Methods
The duration of this study was from October 2017 to March 2018. The samples were collected from dental plaques of 207 Iranian patients according to a standard protocol. Enterococcus faecalis strains were identified and confirmed by microbiological and biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility was ascertained by disk agar diffusion, using the recommended protocol of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Finally, polymerase chain reaction for the detection of E. faecalis virulence genes (efaA, ahrC, and eep) was performed with specific primers.

Results
A total of 43 (76.7%) E. faecalis were identified of which 5 (11.6%), 4 (9.3%), and 1 (2.3%) isolates were resistant against linezolid, chloramphenicol, and teicoplanin, respectively, whereas all isolates were susceptible to penicillin G and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. Most of the E. faecalis isolates were contained efaA (65.1%), and the frequencies of eep and ahrC were 44.1% and 34.8%, respectively.

Conclusions
It was concluded that E. faecalis isolated from dental plaques might represent a reservoir of biofilm encoding genes. Further epidemiological studies are necessary to investigate the status of virulence factors in enterococci isolated from dental plaques.
Recovery From COVID-19 Pneumonia in a Heart Transplant Recipient
Authors: Bakhsh Abeer , AlSaeed Mohammed , Ibrahim Mohammed Abdulrahman , AlHebaishi Yahya , AlBarrak Mohammed , AlAmro Sahar , Ezzeddien Ahmed , AlKhushail Abduallah , Amro Ahmed 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Solid-organ transplant patients have a high risk of severe infection related to acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-Cov-2). This case represents a 54-year-old woman known as a diabetic, hypothyroidism, and a recent heart transplant recipient who presented with a 1-week history of cough and fatigue. She was hypoxic on presentation to the hospital and progressively declined and required invasive mechanical ventilation. She had respiratory distress and hypoxia and chest x-ray showed progressive bilateral chest infiltrates. She had leukopenia of 3.5 cells *109/L and lymphopenia of 0.2 cells *109/L. The inflammatory markers were increased: C-reactive protein, 25 mg/L; ferritin, 1106 ng/mL; lactate dehydrogenase, 632 U/L; and interleukin-6, 87 pg/mL. She was treated for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. Her treatment involved supportive care with mechanical ventilation, convalescent plasma transfusion, antiviral therapy with favipiravir, intravenous dexamethasone, and reduction of immune suppression medication. This case had a successful recovery through multidisciplinary team management. Solid-organ transplant recipients are a high-risk population who need an individualized care plan for the optimization of immunosuppressive medication and treatment of the COVID-19 infection.
Suspected Case of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Infection Presenting as Acute Pancreatitis in a Child With Leukemia
Authors: Goldstein Rebecca , Kogan Diana , Fiorito Theresa M. , Glasser Chana L. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with SARS-CoV-2 may present with fever, elevated inflammatory markers, and multiorgan involvement. Although the gastrointestinal system is commonly affected in MIS-C patients, associated necrotizing pancreatitis is rare. We present an 11-year-old boy with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in remission undergoing maintenance chemotherapy presenting with acute necrotizing pancreatitis. He developed fevers, fluid and electrolyte imbalance, respiratory distress, cytopenias, and coagulopathy, and was found to have markedly elevated inflammatory markers and positive SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The patient met criteria for MIS-C and was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin with significant clinical improvement. This is the first known reported case of a child with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia who met criteria for MIS-C presenting as acute pancreatitis, and highlights the importance of considering a broader differential for pancreatitis in children given the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
Fibromyalgia vs small fiber neuropathy: diverse keratinocyte transcriptome signature
Authors: Karl Franziska , Bischler Thorsten , Egenolf Nadine , Evdokimov Dimitar , Heckel Tobias , Üçeyler Nurcan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Damage to thinly myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers causes small fiber pathology, which is increasingly found in pain syndromes such as small fiber neuropathy (SFN) and fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). The peripheral nerve endings of the small nerve fibers terminate within the epidermis, where they are surrounded by keratinocytes that may act as primary nociceptive transducers. We performed RNA sequencing of keratinocytes obtained from patients with SFN, FMS, and healthy controls. We found 141 deregulated protein coding genes between SFN patients and healthy controls and no differentially expressed genes between patients with FMS and healthy controls. When comparing patients with SFN with patients with FMS, we detected 167 differentially expressed protein coding genes (129 upregulated and 38 downregulated). Further analysis revealed enriched inflammatory pathways. Validation of selected candidates in an independent cohort confirmed higher expression of the proinflammatory mediators interleukin-8, C-X-C motif chemokine 3, endothelin receptor type A, and the voltage-gated sodium channel 1.7 in SFN compared with patients with FMS. We provide a diverse keratinocyte transcriptome signature between patients with SFN and patients with FMS, which may hint toward distinct pathomechanisms of small fiber sensitization in both entities and lay the basis for advanced diagnostics.
Outcomes of Asian Women Treated With Grisotti Flap Reconstruction for Centrally Located Breast Cancers
Authors: Teh Mei-Sze , Teoh Li-Ying , Jamaris Suniza , Lai Lee-Lee , See Mee-Hoong 
Published: March 2021

Introduction
Breast conserving surgeries were previously contraindicated for central breast cancers because of poor cosmetic outcomes of central mastectomy without oncoplastic surgery. Grisotti flap is a breast-conserving surgery incorporating oncoplastic surgery technique for centrally located breast cancers. We present our experience and outcome from Breast Surgery Unit, University Malaya Medical Center.

Materials and Methods
A prospective analysis of 15 patients with central retroareolar breast cancer operated from 2012 to 2018 in University Malaya Medical Center. We assessed postoperative complications, margins, locoregional recurrence, and survival outcome. All patients received postoperative radiotherapy. Patients were followed-up 1 week, 1 month, 3 monthly for 1 year and 6 monthly for 5 years.

Results
Mean age of patients is 62 years. Mean follow-up is 51 months (15–84 months). All tumors were less than 5 cm (1–2.5 cm). Majority of the patients are stage 1 (6 patients/40%) and stage 2 (8 patients/ 53.3%). 2 patients had surgical site infection resolved with antibiotics. One patient had hematoma. None require reoperation. Tumor margins were clear in all patients. No locoregional recurrence. Overall survival is 100%. All are satisfied with their cosmetic outcomes.

Conclusions
Grisotti flap is a volume displacement technique, which provides satisfactory cosmetic outcome for centrally located breast cancer. This evolutionary thinking leads us to changes in existing techniques with the purpose of achieving oncological safety while reaching for better esthetic results. Our 5 years' experience in Asian population showed that this technique is oncologically safe with good cosmetic outcomes and could be used selectively. It provides a good alternative in patients who are otherwise subjected for mastectomy. This relatively simple technique is a worthwhile endeavor and should be offered when feasible.
Effect of a mobile‐based intervention on mental health in frontline healthcare workers against COVID‐19: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Serrano‐Ripoll Maria J. , Ricci‐Cabello Ignacio , Jiménez Rafael , Zamanillo‐Campos Rocío , Yañez‐Juan Aina M. , Bennasar‐Veny Miquel , Sitges Carolina , Gervilla Elena , Leiva Alfonso , García‐Campayo Javier , García‐Buades M. Esther , García‐Toro Mauro , Pastor‐Moreno Guadalupe , Ruiz‐Perez Isabel , Alonso‐Coello Pablo , Llobera Joan , Fiol‐deRoque Maria A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimTo evaluate the impact of a psychoeducational, mobile health intervention based on cognitive behavioural therapy and mindfulness‐based approaches on the mental health of healthcare workers at the frontline against COVID‐19 in Spain.DesignWe will carry out a two‐week, individually randomized, parallel group, controlled trial. Participants will be individually randomized to receive the PsyCovidApp intervention or control App intervention.MethodsThe PsyCovidApp intervention will include five modules: emotional skills, lifestyle behaviour, work stress and burnout, social support, and practical tools. Healthcare workers having attended patients with COVID‐19 will be randomized to receive the PsyCovidApp intervention (intervention group) or a control App intervention (control group). A total of 440 healthcare workers will be necessary to assure statistical power. Measures will be collected telephonically by a team of psychologists at baseline and immediately after the 2 weeks intervention period. Measures will include stress, depression and anxiety (DASS‐21 questionnaire—primary endpoint), insomnia (ISI), burnout (MBI‐HSS), post‐traumatic stress disorder (DTS), and self‐efficacy (GSE). The study was funded in May 2020, and was ethically approved in June 2020. Trial participants, outcome assessors and data analysts will be blinded to group allocation.DiscussionDespite the increasing use of mobile health interventions to deliver mental health care, this area of research is still on its infancy. This study will help increase the scientific evidence about the effectiveness of this type of intervention on this specific population and context.ImpactDespite the lack of solid evidence about their effectiveness, mobile‐based health interventions are already being widely implemented because of their low cost and high scalability. The findings from this study will help health services and organizations to make informed decisions in relation to the development and implementation of this type of interventions, allowing them pondering not only their attractive implementability features, but also empirical data about its benefits.Clinical trial registrationNCT04393818 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).Approved fundingMay 2020.
What is good service quality? Day service staff's perspectives about what it looks like and how it should be monitored
Authors: McEwen Jade , Bigby Christine , Douglas Jacinta 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundAustralian disability services must comply with quality standards defined by federal government. Standards are abstract, focus on paperwork and rarely describe what good service quality looks like in practice. This research explored frontline day service staff's perceptions of good service quality to identify ways that it may be better monitored.MethodsUsing a constructivist grounded theory methodology, semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 9 frontline staff from 3‐day services. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed for themes using constant comparison and line‐by‐line coding.ResultsFive categories of good practice were identified: collaborative hands‐on leadership, well‐planned services, respect for people with intellectual disabilities and their carers, a culture of continuous improvement and professionalization of the support worker role.ConclusionsResults align with research undertaken in accommodation services for people with intellectual disabilities, suggesting commonalities in frontline staff's perceptions of quality in both day and accommodation services.
Hydrogen sulphide reduces hyperhomocysteinaemia‐induced endothelial ER stress by sulfhydrating protein disulphide isomerase to attenuate atherosclerosis
Authors: Jiang Shan , Xu Wenjing , Chen Zhenzhen , Cui Changting , Fan Xiaofang , Cai Jun , Gong Yongsheng , Geng Bin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHyperhomocysteinaemia (HHcy)‐impaired endothelial dysfunction including endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a crucial role in atherogenesis. Hydrogen sulphide (H2S), a metabolic production of Hcy and gasotransmitter, exhibits preventing cardiovascular damages induced by HHcy by reducing ER stress, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here, we made an atherosclerosis with HHcy mice model by ApoE knockout mice and feeding Pagien diet and drinking L‐methionine water. H2S donors NaHS and GYY4137 treatment lowered plaque area and ER stress in this model. Protein disulphide isomerase (PDI), a modulation protein folding key enzyme, was up‐regulated in plaque and reduced by H2S treatment. In cultured human aortic endothelial cells, Hcy dose and time dependently elevated PDI expression, but inhibited its activity, and which were rescued by H2S. H2S and its endogenous generation key enzyme‐cystathionine γ lyase induced a new post‐translational modification‐sulfhydration of PDI. Sulfhydrated PDI enhanced its activity, and two cysteine‐terminal CXXC domain of PDI was identified by site mutation. HHcy lowered PDI sulfhydration association ER stress, and H2S rescued it but this effect was blocked by cysteine site mutation. Conclusively, we demonstrated that H2S sulfhydrated PDI and enhanced its activity, reducing HHcy‐induced endothelial ER stress to attenuate atherosclerosis development.
Cerebrospinal fluid and serum protein markers in autism: A co‐twin study
Authors: Smedler Erik , Kleppe Johanna , Neufeld Janina , Lundin Karl , Bölte Sven , Landén Mikael 
Published: March 2021

AbstractNo robust biomarkers have yet been identified for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or autistic traits. Familial factors likely influence biomarkers such as protein concentrations. Comparing twins with ASD or high autistic traits to the less affected co‐twin allows estimating the impact of familial confounding. We measured 203 proteins in cerebrospinal fluid (n = 86) and serum (n = 127) in twins (mean age 14.2 years, 44.9% females) enriched for ASD and other neurodevelopmental conditions. Autistic traits were assessed by using the parent‐report version of the Social Responsiveness Scale‐2. In cerebrospinal fluid, autistic traits correlated negatively with three proteins and positively with one. In serum, autistic traits correlated positively with 15 and negatively with one. Also in serum, six were positively—and one negatively—associated with ASD. A pathway analysis of these proteins revealed immune system enrichment. In within twin pair analyses, autistic traits were associated with serum B‐cell activating factor (BAFF) only, whereas Cystatin B (CSTB) remained significantly associated with ASD. These associations did not remain significant when only considering monozygotic twins. For the remainder, the within‐pair analysis indicated familial confounding, including shared environment and genes, influencing both autism and protein levels. Our findings indicate proteins involved in immunity as putative biomarkers of autistic traits and ASD with partial genetic confounding. Although some results are in line with previous studies in general, further studies are needed for replication.
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