bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of intravenous bolus doses of phenylephrine vs ephedrine along with crystalloid co-loading in the prevention of hypotension during spinal anesthesia for caesarean section
Authors: Muthalu Arunkumar , Asokan Arthi , Ananthy Vimala , Ujjwal Shoba 
Published: November 2021

Caesarean section was the first obstetrical operation that saves the life of the baby when normal delivery fails. Spinal anaesthesia is the most appropriate method for caesarean section. But hypotension is the most common side effect of it in patient with pregnant uterus. To compare the vasopressor effects of ephedrine and phenylephrine in ameliorating hypotension in elective caesarean delivery receiving crystalloid coloading, during intrathecal bupivacaine injection.: Study participants were randomly divided into two groups of 50 patients each. After subarachnoid block, all the parturients were given rapid administration of ringer lactate solution 20ml/kg, during the initial 5 minutes of surgery the parameters such as oxygen saturation, blood pressure and pulse rate recorded for every one minute followed by every five minutes until the completion of the surgery. The incidence of hypotension, bradycardia, nausea/vomiting, block height and requirements of vasopressor (ephedrine and phenylephrine) were recorded. Apgar score, and blood sample from umbilical cord was taken and sent for blood gas analyses to determine the neonatal outcome.: Vasopressor consumption was more in phenylephrine group (92±112 µg) compared to ephedrine group (4.8±5.5 mg) which was statistically significant p=0.0001. The neonatal outcome was statistically significant regarding umbilical cord pH (Group E-7.2±0.06 and Group P-7.37±0.04 with p=0.002) but clinically no true fetal acidosis in either groups and no significant changes regarding Apgar score in the two groups.: Thus we conclude that that ephedrine 6 mg and phenylephrine 100 µg does not differ in their efficacy to manage hypotension during spinal anaesthesia for caesarean delivery. However, maternal bradycardia was more in the phenylephrine group with equal incidence of fetal acidosis in the study groups.
Comparison of analgesic efficacy of transversus abdominis plane block with local wound infiltration using 0.25% levobupivacaine for post cesarean analgesia: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sharma Ridhima , Kaur Baljot , Sharma Lalit M , Choudhary Ripon , Gupta Lalit 
Published: November 2021

The key component of Enhanced recovery after cesarian section (ERAC) is to improve maternal and child outcome and enhance recovery by dint of effective non opioid based pain control. We aim to compare the efficacy of Transverse abdominis plane (TAP) block with local wound infiltration for postoperative analgesia in cesarian section (CS).Eighty-two patients undergoing caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia were randomized to undergo local wound infiltration(Group I) (n=41) versus landmark guided bilateral TAP plane block (Group T) with 20ml of 0.25% levobupivacaine postoperatively Each patient was assessed post-operatively by a blinded investigator at regular intervals up to 24 h for visual analogue score (VAS). Requirement of analgesia, patient satisfaction, time for the first and second rescue analgesia, and the incidence of side effects was also noted. The median VAS was more in the group I compared to group II and was statistically significant (p=0.0032). The mean time to first rescue analgesia was prolonged in group I (4.060 ± 0.682 hrs) compared to group T (3.302 ± 0.519 hrs)(P&#60; 0.001). The mean total analgesic requirement in 24 hours was reduced in group T (89.63 ± 41.82) as compared to group I (137.2 ± 33.13) (P&#60;0.001. Group (T) compared to group I patient had a higher mean patient satisfaction score (1.487 ± 0.589) (2.097 ± 0.430) respectably (P &#60; 0.001).TAP block provides better quality of analgesia and can be safely incorporated as a part of multi-model analgesic regimen postoperative pain over local infiltration in cesarian section.
Distributed leadership and administrative processes as determinants of public universities’ effectiveness
Authors: Kayode David Jimoh , Naicker Suraiya Rathankoomar 
Published: November 2021

The quality of students who graduated from Nigerian universities and the role played by universities in the growth of society is a significant concern to every stakeholder. This study examined the impact of distributed leadership on the effectiveness of public universities and the mediating role of the quality administrative process. A correlational survey research design was adopted. A total of 450 lecturers were sampled and were given questionnaire of which 346 questionnaire were returned and, only 305 questionnaires were usable after the data cleaning. The results of the analysis showed that distributed leadership does not directly connect to institutional effectiveness. Furthermore, it is evident that administrative process intervenes in the correlation between distributed leadership and public university effectiveness. The findings imply that the various leaders at the unit level, departmental, faculty, and university-wide must ensure quality administrative processes to bring about the desired University system in the country.

Keywords: Distributed leadership, administrative process, university education, Nigeria, smartpls, hierarchical model;
The role of social studies teachers in enhancing consumption education in Jordan during COVID – 19 Pandemic
Authors: Al Edwan Zaid Suleiman , Abusadah Doaa Khalil , Daoud Ahmed Issa 
Published: November 2021

The researchers used the descriptive survey method. The study instrument consisted of the questionnaire which included (20) items, and the study sample individuals consisted of (72) male and female teachers. Results of the study showed that the role of social studies in developing consumption education in secondary schools during Corona pandemic (COVID – 19) came at high degree. the researchers have detected presence of differences between means of the teachers, answers on all fields of the questionnaire according to sex variable in favor of the females, presence of differences between means of the teachers’ answers on all fields of the questionnaire by the academic qualification variable in favor of the graduate studies, and the absence of differences between means of the teachers' answers to all fields of the questionnaire according to years of experience variable. The researcher's conclusions recommended conducting training courses, and including consumption education in the curricula.

Keywords: Consumption Education, COVID – 19, Social Studies
Teachers’ language politeness, students’ academic motivation and self-efficacy during school from home
Authors: Rivai Mantasiah , Yusri Yusri , Rivai Andi Tenri Ola , Anwar Muhammad 
Published: November 2021

This study aims to investigate the influence of teachers’ language politeness on students’ academic motivation and self-efficacy during online learning (school from home) and to examine the relationship between students’ academic motivation and self-efficacy during online learning. This study used a quantitative approach with the correlational method. The participants of the study were 150 elementary students (male: 47%; female: 53%). Three types of scales were used in this study, namely the teachers’ language politeness scale, the academic motivation scale and the self-efficacy scale. The hypothesis of the study was tested using analysis of variance assisted with SPSS version 26. The study found that teachers’ language politeness significantly influences students’ academic motivation and self-efficacy during online learning. Teachers’ language politeness was more likely to have greater influence on students’ self-efficacy than on students’ academic motivation. As shown in the model, the value of the relationship between students’ academic motivation and self-efficacy was 0.497.

Keywords: Language politeness, academic motivation, self-efficacy, school from home.
Analysis of student learning outcomes’ standards in lecturers in the perspective of a disruptive era
Authors: Hardika Hardika , Razak Ahmad Zabidi Bin Abdur , Soraya Dila Umnia , Aisyah Eny Nur , Iriyanto Tomas , Juharyanto Juharyanto 
Published: November 2021

In several universities in Indonesia, lecturers are accustomed to developing learning outcomes’ standards without the involvement of students in the formulation, although the students have many ideas about learning outcomes that are relevant to their needs. This study aimed to analyse the student learning outcomes’ standards in a disruptive era based on the students’ perspective from 9 faculties of several universities in Indonesia. The research method used was a quantitative approach, with 1059 student participants. Data were collected using a questionnaire with close-ended questions, and normality was analysed using the Shapiro–Wilk test and one-way analysis of variance test to determine the differences in learning outcomes’ standards between faculties. The achievements of disruptive learning at several universities in Indonesia are relatively high. However, there is an extreme distance in the level of disruptive learning achievement between faculties, due to the diversity of lecturers in understanding disruptive learning.

Keywords: Learning outcomes’ standards, disruptive era, faculties
Thai information and communication technology student teacher complex problem-solving skills
Authors: Sermsri Natchanun , Sukkamart Aukkapong , Kantathanawat Thiyaporn 
Published: November 2021

From the study’s qualitative analysis, 5 latent variables and 21 observed variables concerning complex problem-solving (CPS) skills were identified and subsequently used in a questionnaire on a sample of 214 Thai education professionals teaching information and communication technology (ICT)-related student teachers in one of 31 Thai Rajabhat (teaching) Universities. Goodness-of-fit and descriptive statistical analysis (mean and standard deviation) were analysed by using IBM® Statistical Package for the Social Sciences® for Windows version 21, while the second-order confirmatory factor analysis used LISREL 9.10. The results revealed that the educators perceived information literacy (1.00), analytical thinking (0.96), self-control (0.93), knowledge application (0.90) and planning ability (0.85) as the most important for the student teachers’ CPS skills. Moreover, the results revealed that each teacher’s opinion on CPS skill indicators was at a ‘high agreement’ level. Therefore, it suggested that the results can be used by Thailand’s Ministry of Education and other ICT-related education agencies in developing CPS skill programmes for Thai student teachers.

Keywords: CPS, ICT, Information literacy, preservice teachers, Thailand
The effect of letter (c) modelling on developing the skills of handwriting performance among learners of Arabic speaking other languages
Authors: Salim Khasawneh Najwa Ahmed 
Published: November 2021

This study aimed at identifying the effectiveness of letter (c) modelling in developing the writing skills performance of Arabic learners speaking other languages and the number of views required for the line visual to develop their writing skills performance. The study sample consisted of 15 learners who were studying the Arabic language for the first time and were chosen by the convenience sampling method. The female students did not take a pre-test as they did not know Arabic before. The students were trained on the attached Arabic calligraphy visual, which included all the Arabic language alphabets. The training period lasted for 8 weeks, with two lessons per week, and each session lasted for 40 minutes. The students then underwent a post-test that was checked for validity and reliability. The analysis results showed a clear ability to draw the Arabic letter due to the visualisation of the calligraphy presented by the researcher, which relied on modelling the letter (c) in all Arabic letters. In light of the findings, the study recommended applying the teaching method based on the calligraphy visualisation devised in teaching non-Arabic speakers.

Keywords: Handwritten performance, development, letter (c) modelling, learners of Arabic speaking other languages.
Marine environmental education learning system recommendation model based on student needs analysis in Indonesian coastal areas
Authors: Istiana Rita , Rahmayanti Henita , Sumargo Bagus 
Published: November 2021

This paper presented the development of the Dick and Carry model steps 1 to 4 of, namely the identification of educational objectives, educational analysis, analysis and context of the learner, and the formulation of performance objectives. The study was conducted from January to April 2020. The participants in this study were high school students from the coastal region of North Jakarta. The sampling technique used in this study was random sampling. The instruments used to collect the research data are the questionnaire/questionnaire, observation, and interview. The data were analyzed in a qualitative description. The results of this study indicate that the formulation of the learning objectives is that students should receive marine education that is integrated with natural science learning in schools, students should be taught using methods of learning that are contextual within the daily problems in the student's home environment, i.e. problem-based learning / problem-solving models, students should be taught using interactive learning aids such as media based on information technology such as mobile learning, the assessments to be developed include 3 aspects namely cognitive, affective and psychomotor.

Keywords: Marine environment education, Indonesian coastal areas, Problem-solving, Mobile learning, Student assessment.
Metaphorical perceptions of high school students about pop music
Authors: Gurler Demet Aydınlı 
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this research is to examine the pop music metaphors developed by high school students. In this study, the phenomenology model, which is one of the qualitative research methods, has been used. A total of 650 students from a public school in Province Ankara, District Mamak, attended the study during the spring semester of the 2020/2021 academic year. The data were collected through a form containing the question ‘Pop music is like... because...’. The data were analysed through content analysis. Based on the 324 different metaphors created by high school students, these metaphors are classified into 13 categories based on their shared characteristics. Students’ gender and their conditions whether they play an instrument or not were considered when categorising them. According to the findings of the study, high school students described pop music as the most energising/friendly genre. The study also demonstrates that metaphors can be an effective tool for eliciting students’ perceptions of pop music.

Keywords: High school students, metaphor, music, perception of pop music.
Improving motivation and science process skills through a mobile laboratory-based learning model
Authors: Aththibby Arif Rahman , Kuswanto Heru , Mundilarto Mundilarto , Prihandono Eko 
Published: November 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all sectors of life, including the education sector. Physics learning activities, especially practicum activities, which so far have been very dependent on laboratory space-based activities, are very disturbed. This study aims to develop students' motivation and science process skills (SPS) during the pandemic. The sample of this study was 3 groups consisting of 90 students from 2 universities in the province of Lampung, Indonesia. The data obtained were analysed using the multivariate analysis of variance technique. The results showed that mobile laboratory-based learning proved effective in developing students' motivation and SPS. Therefore, experimental/mobile laboratory activities based on analytical videos obtained from surrounding physical phenomena can be an alternative for physics learning activities, especially in the current era of distance learning.

Keywords: Mobile laboratory, motivation, science process skills.
The use of photo comics media: Changing reading interest and learning outcomes in elementary social studies subjects
Authors: Senen Anwar , Sari Yuni Puspita , Herwin Herwin , Rasimin Rasimin , Dahalan Shakila Che 
Published: November 2021

Reading is useful for gaining understanding, knowledge, and information. This study aimed to determine the effect of using photo comics media on reading interest and learning outcomes in elementary social studies subjects. This research is a quasi-experimental study with a Non-equivalent Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The subject of this study is elementary students at the fifth grade level. Data obtained through the implementation of direct learning to school by assessment using questionnaires and tests. Analysis of the data using the t-test. The results showed that the use of photo comics media has a significant positive effect on reading interest and student learning outcomes. This was evidenced after a positive change in asking students to read after being treated with photo comics media. In addition, student learning outcomes are satisfactory after integrating photo comic media in learning activities.

Keywords: learning outcomes, photo comics, reading interest, social studies;
Remote learning in basic education schools in Latvia during COVID-19 Pandemic: Experience of pedagogical internship
Authors: Kolosova Arija 
Published: November 2021

Due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, most students were forced to study remotely, including students in Latvia. This publication aims to reflect on the remote learning process during Covid-19, analysing the results obtained by students during their internships. The research study involves 81 full-time and part-time students of Liepaja University study programmes. This publication is based on qualitative empirical research, using the case study method within a natural environment. The results were analysed using content analysis. As the result of this study, the conclusions are drawn, revealing the identified problems, strong points and contradictions in the learning process, providing a basis for improvements. The obtained research results can serve as a foundation for the research in future.
Keywords: consequences of Covid -19, remote learning process, internship
Analysis on International Student Research across the World during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Oh Youngsub 
Published: November 2021

Contrary to the situation before the Covid-19 pandemic, the pandemic has influenced human’s well-being in unprecedented ways, especially on international student’s mental health across the world. The purpose of this study is to explore international student’s research trend in terms of mental health and counseling. To this end, with literary research method, this study reviewed those researches conducted in Korea and across the world, before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Finally, this study suggested the future research direction and agendas of international student after the Covid-19 pandemic. This study will contribute to calling attention to international students across the world, and making mental health support for them in Korea.
Keywords: International student; Covid-19 pandemic; mental health; counseling
Effects of transformational leadership on teachers’ self-efficacy in education for sustainable development: A serial mediation analysis
Authors: Choi Jaewoo , Kang Woonsun 
Published: November 2021

Based on empirical evidence, this study aimed to analyze the effect of transformational leadership on teachers' self-efficacy in ESD and test mediation effects in the relationship between transformational leadership and teachers' self-efficacy in ESD. To this end, researchers constructed nine hypotheses, predicting direct effects among variables, each single mediation effect of two mediators, and serial multiple mediation effect. The participants of the research consisted of 193 Korean in-service teachers. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, the Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. In addition, researchers applied serial mediation procedures with PROCESS Macro for SPSS to test specific mediate effects based on the bootstrap method. The the research, there were identified mechanisms through which the influence of the principal's transformational leadership on teachers' efficacy occurs in the context of ESD. The findings of the study were discussed in the light of relevant literature, and some suggestions were made for the future.
Keywords:Education for Sustainable Development (ESD); Transformational leadership; Teachers’ self-efficacy in ESD; Teachers' attitude toward PD; Professional development; Serial Mediation Analysis
Students’ pre and post COVID-19 perception of Higher Education switch to online: An exploratory study in Portugal
Authors: Alves dos Reis Carlos António , Simões Maria , Flores-Tena Maria 
Published: November 2021

The corona virus crisis has exposed the many inadequacies and inequities in our education systems. This article aims to contribute to the understanding of the relation between the pandemic caused by COVID 19 (SARS-COV 2) and the changes experienced in Higher Education (HE), namely the shift to online teaching mode. The research used a survey questionnaire to collect data. The study focuses on a Portuguese Higher Education institution (HEI). Institutional teacher’s performance indicators regarding quality assessment system were used, referring to the 2nd semester of 2018-19 until the 1st semester of 2019-20. The total number of pre-Covid19 students who participated 227 . As to the post-covid19, 288 answered the questionnaire. Overall, the “U of Mann-Whitney test” has found no differences between the two moments, pre- and post-Covid19. Hence, results seem to indicate that the student’s perception of the lecturer’s performance was not affected by the regimen shift from face-to-face to online.
Keywords: COVID-19; Higher Education; Students’ Perception; Online teaching performance.
Teachers' perspectives on digitalized education and deterrents to the use of digital products in educational processes
Authors: Sorokoumova Elena A. , Puchkova Elena B. , Cherdymova Elena I. , Temnova Larisa V. 
Published: November 2021

In a globalizing world, the development of the educational field is considered the most important part of international competitiveness and improvement projects. This article aimed to research the educators' views on the use of digital technology and products in their educational process. Questionnaire was used as a research technique, with 147 participant teachers at general secondary schools in Russia. The analysis of the data was through coding. The true nature of the ecosystem of digitalized education was fully covered by the authors in this study. According to educators, the main advantages of digital technology and digital technology products for the educational field are education continuity, accessibility, individualization, freedom of choice, social equality for students and quality of education. Authors of this article revealed that deterrents against using digital products and digital technology in education processes in teachers' opinion are lack of motivation, funds, knowledge and methodology.
Keywords: students, schoolteachers, school educators, pedagogues, educational settings, educational environment, digital products, digital technology.