bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploration of therapists’ views of practice within critical care
Authors: Twose Paul , Jones Una , Bharal Mina , Bruce James , Firshman Penelope , Highfield Julie , Jones Gemma , Merriweather Judith , Newey Vicky , Newman Helen , Rock Claire , Terblanche MBE Ella , Wallace OBE Sarah 
Published: November 2021

IntroductionTherapists are increasing recognised as core members of the critical care multiprofessional team. Each therapy profession provides specialist assessments and interventions, but also work collaboratively across the rehabilitation pathway. Despite inclusion in several national guidance documents, there remains a lack of evidence regarding the perceived role of therapists working within critical care, the unique contributions of each profession and opinion on the day-to-day tasks and responsibilities of each therapy profession.MethodA descriptive qualitative methodology was used involving seven focus groups. Purposeful sampling was used to recruit therapists via professional specialist interest groups. All focus groups were uniprofessional and discussions based on a predesigned framework. Data were analysed thematically.ResultsParticipants (n=65) from across the UK were recruited to seven focus groups with an average of 18.3 years postgraduate clinical experience of which 11.6 years was within critical care. Three core themes were generated from 875 codes and 237 potential subthemes. The final themes were (1) professional characteristics; (2) multidisciplinary team and (3) staffing. An additional theme of ‘COVID-19 pandemic’ was also identified. Findings were similar across all profession groups particularly regarding the need for holistic, patient-centred care. Expected variation was observed for professional characteristics especially regarding specific assessments and interventions.DiscussionTherapy services are an essential component to the delivery of critical care especially regarding recovery and rehabilitation. Through three core themes, this qualitative study has provided new evidence of the perceptions and opinions of the role that therapists undertake within critical care.
Non-pharmaceutical interventions and COVID-19 cases in US summer camps: results from an American Camp Association survey
Authors: Suh Helen H , Meehan Julianne , Blaisdell Laura , Browne Laurie 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundMost camps remained closed during Summer 2020, due to concerns regarding child transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and limited information about the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) within child congregate settings.MethodsWe surveyed US camps about on-site operations, camper and staff demographics, COVID-19 cases among campers and staff, and NPI usage as related to pre-camp quarantine, facial coverings, physical distancing, cleaning and facility modifications. For all NPIs, save quarantine, responses were provided on a 5-point Likert scale format.ResultsWithin 486 on-site camps, a range of NPIs were instituted, most often related to reduced camper interactions, staff face coverings, cleaning and hand hygiene. Camper facial coverings were less common, with campers always wearing masks at ~34% of the camps. Approximately 15% of camps reported 1+ confirmed COVID-19 case in either campers or staff, with three camps reporting a COVID-19 outbreak. In both single and multi-NPI analyses, the risk of COVID-19 cases was lowest when campers always wore facial coverings. Constant use of staff facial coverings and targeted physical distancing measures, but not pre-camp quarantine, also reduced COVID-19 risks.ConclusionsWe found constant facial coverings, especially for campers, and targeted physical distancing measures to reduce risks of SARS-CoV-2 transmission within summer camps. Our findings provide valuable insights for future operations of summer camps and other child congregate settings regarding the use of NPIs to reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
New locus underlying auriculocondylar syndrome (ARCND): 430 kb duplication involvingTWIST1regulatory elements
Authors: Romanelli Tavares Vanessa Luiza , Guimarães-Ramos Sofia Ligia , Zhou Yan , Masotti Cibele , Ezquina Suzana , Moreira Danielle de Paula , Buermans Henk , Freitas Renato S , Den Dunnen Johan T , Twigg Stephen R F , Passos-Bueno Maria Rita 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundAuriculocondylar syndrome (ARCND) is a rare genetic disease that affects structures derived from the first and second pharyngeal arches, mainly resulting in micrognathia and auricular malformations. To date, pathogenic variants have been identified in three genes involved in the EDN1-DLX5/6 pathway (PLCB4,GNAI3andEDN1) and some cases remain unsolved. Here we studied a large unsolved four-generation family.MethodsWe performed linkage analysis, resequencing and Capture-C to investigate the causative variant of this family. To test the pathogenicity of the CNV found, we modelled the disease in patient craniofacial progenitor cells, including induced pluripotent cell (iPSC)-derived neural crest and mesenchymal cells.ResultsThis study highlights a fourth locus causative of ARCND, represented by a tandem duplication of 430 kb in a candidate region on chromosome 7 defined by linkage analysis. This duplication segregates with the disease in the family (LOD score=2.88) and includesHDAC9, which is located over 200 kb telomeric to the top candidate geneTWIST1. Notably, Capture-C analysis revealed multiple cis interactions between theTWIST1promoter and possible regulatory elements within the duplicated region. Modelling of the disease revealed an increased expression ofHDAC9and its neighbouring gene,TWIST1, in neural crest cells. We also identified decreased migration of iPSC-derived neural crest cells together with dysregulation of osteogenic differentiation in iPSC-affected mesenchymal stem cells.ConclusionOur findings support the hypothesis that the 430 kb duplication is causative of the ARCND phenotype in this family and that deregulation ofTWIST1expression during craniofacial development can contribute to the phenotype.
Real-world outcomes associated with the use of the EmboTrap revascularization device for ischemic stroke in the United States
Authors: Brinjikji Waleed , Ikeme Shelly , Kottenmeier Emilie , Khaled Alia , M Sidharth , Khanna Rahul 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundMechanical thrombectomy (MT) has become the standard of care for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The EmboTrap revascularization device (CERENOVUS, Johnson & Johnson Medical Devices, Irvine, California, USA) has an innovative, dual layer feature designed to facilitate thrombus retrieval.ObjectiveTo investigate the real-world clinical and economic outcomes among patients with AIS undergoing MT using the EmboTrap device in the United States (US).MethodsAdult patients (≥18 years) who underwent MT for AIS using the EmboTrap device between July 2018 and December 2020 were identified from the Premier Healthcare Database. Patient outcomes included discharge status (including in-hospital mortality), mean length of stay (LOS), intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), mean hospital costs, and 30-day readmissions (all-cause, cardiovascular (CV)-related, and AIS-related).ResultsA total of 318 patients (mean age 68.5±14.6 years) with AIS treated with the EmboTrap device as the only stent retriever used were identified. Approximately 25% of patients were discharged to home/home health organization, and the in-hospital mortality rate was 10.7%. The rate of ICH was 16.7%. Mean hospital LOS was 9.9±11.3 days, and the mean hospital costs were US$47 367±30 297. The 30-day readmission rate was 9.6% for all-causes, 5.9% for CV-related causes, and 2.6% for AIS-related causes.ConclusionsThis is the first study in the US to report real-world outcomes sourced by retrospective database analysis among patients with AIS undergoing MT using the EmboTrap device. Further research is needed to better understand performance of the EmboTrap device in real-world settings.
Radiation distribution in a hybrid operating room, utilizing different X-ray imaging systems: investigations to minimize occupational exposure
Authors: Cewe Paulina , Vorbau Robert , Omar Artur , Elmi-Terander Adrian , Edström Erik 
Published: November 2021

ObjectivesTo reduce occupational radiation exposure in a hybrid operating room (OR) used for three-dimensional (3D) image guided spine procedures. The effects of staff positioning, different X-ray imaging systems, and freestanding radiation protection shields (RPSs) were considered.MethodsAn anthropomorphic phantom was imaged with a robotic ceiling mounted hybrid OR C-arm cone beam CT (hCBCT), a mobile O-arm CBCT (oCBCT), and a mobile two-dimensional C-arm fluoroscopy system. The resulting scatter doses were measured at different positions in the hybrid OR using active personal dosimeters and an ionization chamber. Two types of RPSs were evaluated.ResultsUsing the hCBCT system instead of the oCBCT system reduced the occupational radiation dose on average by 22%. At 200 cm from the phantom, scatter doses from the hCBCT were 27% lower compared with the oCBCT. One rotational acquisition with hCBCT or oCBCT corresponded to 12 or 16 min of fluoroscopy with the C-arm, respectively. The scatter dose decreased by more than 90% behind an RPS. However, the protection was slightly less effective at 60 cm behind the RPS, due to tertiary scatter from the surroundings.ConclusionsFor 3D image guided spine procedures in the hybrid OR, occupational radiation exposure is lowered by using hCBCT rather than oCBCT. Radiation exposure can also be decreased by optimal staff positioning in the OR, considering distance to the source and positioning relative to the walls, ceiling, and RPS. In this setting and workflow, staff can use RPSs instead of heavy aprons during intraoperative CBCT imaging, to achieve effective whole body dose reduction with improved comfort.
Leisure sedentary time and physical activity are higher in neighbourhoods with denser greenness and better built environments: an analysis of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging
Authors: Klicnik Irmina , Cullen John David , Doiron Dany , Barakat Caroline , Ardern Chris I. , Rudoler David , Dogra Shilpa 
Published: November 2021

Associations of environmental variables with physical activity and sedentary time using data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging, and the Canadian Urban Environmental Health Research Consortium (Canadian Active Living Environments (Can-ALE) dataset, and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI, greenness) dataset) were assessed. The main outcome variables were physical activity and sedentary time as measured by a modified version of the Physical Activity for Elderly Scale. The sample consisted of adults aged 45 and older (n = 36 580, mean age 62.6 ± 10.2, 51% female). Adjusted ordinal regression models consistently demonstrated that those residing in neighbourhoods in the highest Can-ALE category (most well-connected built environment) reported more physical activity and sedentary time. For example, males aged 75+ in the highest Can-ALE category had 2 times higher odds of reporting more physical activity (OR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.1–3.5) and 1.8 times higher odds of reporting more sedentary time (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.0–3.4). Neighbourhoods with higher greenness scores were also associated with higher odds of reporting more physical activity and sedentary time. It appears that an environment characterized by higher Can-ALE and higher greenness may facilitate physical activity, but it also facilitates more leisure sedentary time in older adults; research using device measured total sedentary time, and consideration of the types of sedentary activities being performed is needed. Novelty: Middle-aged and older adults living in neighbourhoods with higher Can-ALE scores and more greenness report more physical activity and leisure sedentary time Greenness is important for physical activity and sedentary time in middle-aged adults
The study of doubly charmed pentaquark $$c c {\bar{q}}qq$$ with the SU(3) symmetry
Authors: Xing Ye , Niu Yuekun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe study the masses and lifetimes of doubly charmed pentaquark $$P_{cc{\bar{q}}qq}(q=u,d,s)$$

P

c
c

q

¯

q
q

(
q
=
u
,
d
,
s
)

primarily. The operation of masses carried out by the doubly heavy triquark-diquark model, whose results suggests the existence of stable states $$cc{\bar{s}} ud$$

c
c

s

¯

u
d

with the parity $$J^P=\frac{1}{2}^-$$

J
P

=

1
2

-

. The roughly calculation about lifetimes show the short magnitudes, $$(4.65^{+0.71}_{-0.55})\times 10^{-13}s $$

(
4
.

65

-
0.55

+
0.71

)

×

10

-
13

s

for the parity $$J^P=\frac{1}{2}^-$$

J
P

=

1
2

-

and $$(0.93^{+0.14}_{-0.11})\times 10^{-12} s $$

(
0
.

93

-
0.11

+
0.14

)

×

10

-
12

s

for $$J^P=\frac{3}{2}^-$$

J
P

=

3
2

-

. Since the pentaquark $$cc{\bar{s}} ud$$

c
c

s

¯

u
d

is interpreted as the stable bound states against strong decays, then we will focus on the production and possible decay channels of the pentaquark in the next step, the study would be fairly valuable supports for future experiments. For completeness, we systematically studied the production from $$\Omega _{ccc}$$

Ω

ccc

and the decay modes in the framework SU(3) flavor symmetry, including the processes of semi-leptonic and two body non-leptonic decays. Synthetically, we make a collection of the golden channels.
G-Expansibility and G-Almost Periodic Point under Topological Group Action
Authors: Ji Zhanjiang 
Published: November 2021

Firstly, the new concepts of

G
−

expansibility,

G
−

almost periodic point, and

G
−

limit shadowing property were introduced according to the concepts of expansibility, almost periodic point, and limit shadowing property in this paper. Secondly, we studied their dynamical relationship between the self-map

f

and the shift map

σ

in the inverse limit space under topological group action. The following new results are obtained. Let

X
,
d

be a metric

G
−

space and

X

f

,

G
¯

,

d
¯

,
σ

be the inverse limit space of

X
,
G
,
d
,
f

. (1) If the map

f
:
X
⟶
X

is an equivalent map, then we have

A

P

G
¯

σ

=

Lim

←

A

p

G

f

,
f

. (2) If the map

f
:
X
⟶
X

is an equivalent surjection, then the self-map

f

is

G
−

expansive if and only if the shift map

σ

is

G
¯

−

expansive. (3) If the map

f
:
X
⟶
X

is an equivalent surjection, then the self-map

f

has

G
−

limit shadowing property if and only if the shift map

σ

has

G
¯

−

limit shadowing property. The conclusions of this paper generalize the corresponding results given in the study by Li, Niu, and Liang and Li . Most importantly, it provided the theoretical basis and scientific foundation for the application of tracking property in computational mathematics and biological mathematics.
Systematic Pan-Cancer Characterization of Nuclear Receptors Identifies Potential Cancer Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Jiang Junjie , Yuan Jiao , Hu Zhongyi , Xu Mu , Zhang Youyou , Long Meixiao , Fan Yi , Montone Kathleen T. , Tanyi Janos L. , Tavana Omid , Chan Ho Man , Zhang Lin , Hu Xiaowen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

The nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily is one of the major druggable gene families, representing targets of approximately 13.5% of approved drugs. Certain NRs, such as estrogen receptor and androgen receptor, have been well demonstrated to be functionally involved in cancer and serve as informative biomarkers and therapeutic targets in oncology. However, the spectrum of NR dysregulation across cancers remains to be comprehensively characterized. Through computational integration of genetic, genomic, and pharmacologic profiles, we characterized the expression, recurrent genomic alterations, and cancer dependency of NRs at a large scale across primary tumor specimens and cancer cell lines. Expression levels of NRs were highly cancer-type specific and globally downregulated in tumors compared with corresponding normal tissue. Although the majority of NRs showed copy-number losses in cancer, both recurrent focal gains and losses were identified in select NRs. Recurrent mutations and transcript fusions of NRs were observed in a small portion of cancers, serving as actionable genomic alterations. Analysis of large-scale CRISPR and RNAi screening datasets identified 10 NRs as strongly selective essential genes for cancer cell growth. In a subpopulation of tumor cells, growth dependencies correlated significantly with expression or genomic alterations. Overall, our comprehensive characterization of NRs across cancers may facilitate the identification and prioritization of potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets, as well as the selection of patients for precision cancer treatment.

Significance:
Computational analysis of nuclear receptors across multiple cancer types provides a series of biomarkers and therapeutic targets within this protein family.
CRISPR/Cas9-Induced DNA Damage Enriches for Mutations in a p53-Linked Interactome: Implications for CRISPR-Based Therapies
Authors: Jiang Long , Ingelshed Katrine , Shen Yunbing , Boddul Sanjaykumar V. , Iyer Vaishnavi Srinivasan , Kasza Zsolt , Sedimbi Saikiran , Lane David P. , Wermeling Fredrik 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Inactivating p53 mutations are the most abundant genetic alterations found in cancer. Here we show that CRISPR/Cas9-induced double-stranded DNA breaks enrich for cells deficient in p53 and in genes of a core CRISPR–p53 tumor suppressor interactome. Such enrichment could predispose to cancer development and thus pose a challenge for clinical CRISPR use. Transient p53 inhibition could suppress the enrichment of cells with these mutations. The level of DNA damage response induced by an sgRNA influenced the enrichment of p53-deficient cells and could be a relevant parameter in sgRNA design to limit cellular enrichment. Furthermore, a dataset of &gt;800 human cancer cell lines identified additional factors influencing the enrichment of p53-mutated cells, including strong baseline CDKN1A expression as a predictor for an active CRISPR–p53 axis. Taken together, these data provide details about p53 biology in the context of CRISPR-induced DNA damage and identify strategies to enable safer CRISPR use.

Significance:
CRISPR-mediated DNA damage enriches for cells with escape mutations in a core CRISPR–p53 interactome, which can be suppressed by transient inhibition of p53.
Project 2025: Proposals for the Continued Success of Drug Development in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Pollyea Daniel A. , Barrett John , DiNardo Courtney D. , Michaelis Laura C. , Roboz Gail J. , Le Robert Q. , Norsworthy Kelly J. , de Claro R. Angelo , Theoret Marc R. , Pazdur Richard 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The Food and Drug Administration Oncology Center of Excellence initiated Project 2025 to develop 5-year goals in specific areas of oncology drug development. This meeting, in October 2020, brought together a panel of regulators and academic experts in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) to discuss opportunities to maximize the success that has recently occurred in AML drug development. The panel discussed challenges and opportunities in clinical trial design and novel endpoints, and outlined key considerations for drug development to facilitate continued growth in the field.
Reg4 Interacts with CD44 to Regulate Proliferation and Stemness of Colorectal and Pancreatic Cancer Cells
Authors: Bishnupuri Kumar S. , Sainathan Satheesh K. , Ciorba Matthew A. , Houchen Courtney W. , Dieckgraefe Brian K. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Regenerating Gene 4 (Reg4) is highly upregulated in gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies including colorectal and pancreatic cancers. Numerous studies demonstrated an association between higher Reg4 expression and tumor aggressiveness, intrinsic resistance to apoptotic death, and poor outcomes from GI malignancies. However, the precise receptor and underlying signaling mechanism have remained unknown. Although we previously reported a Reg4-mediated induction of EGFR activity in colorectal cancer cells, a direct interaction between Reg4 and EGFR was not observed. This study is focused on identifying the cell surface binding partner of Reg4 and dissecting its role in colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer growth and stem cell survival. In vitro models of human colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer were used to evaluate the results. Results of this study find: (i) Reg4 interacts with CD44, a transmembrane protein expressed by a population of colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer cells; (ii) Reg4 activates regulated intramembrane proteolysis of CD44 resulting in γ-secretase–mediated cleavage and release of the CD44 intracytoplasmic domain (CD44ICD) that functions as a transcriptional activator of D-type cyclins involved in the regulation of cancer cell proliferation and Klf4 and Sox2 expression involved in regulating pluripotency of cancer stem cells; and (iii) Reg4 significantly increases colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and their clonogenic potential in stem cell assays.

Implications:
These results suggest that pro-proliferative and pro-stemness effects of Reg4 are mediated through γ-secretase–mediated CD44/CD44ICD signaling, hence strategies to disrupt Reg4-CD44-γ-secretase-CD44ICD signaling axis may increase cancer cell susceptibility to chemo- and radiotherapeutics.
Manipulative Approach In Teaching Fractions
Authors: Parungao Rea C. 
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to determine the effects of using manipulatives in teaching fractions.

Quasi- experimental method of research was used in this study. It was conducted during the first quarter of S.Y. 2019-2020 among the respondents were randomly selected. Two sections of Arayat National High School were the respondents of the study. The control group was the 7-Rosal while the 7-Sampaguita was the experimental group. Both groups were given a pretest prior to the discussion about fractions and a posttest after instruction using the traditional method (control group) and the use of manipulatives (experimental group). The results were then evaluated, analysed through SPSS, and interpreted. Mean, t-test and ANCOVA were utilized to analyze and interpret the data.
This study found out that the post-test scores of the respondents from the two groups improved in comparison to their pre-test scores. The mean pretest and mean posttest scores of both groups showed significant difference. The results showed that the use of virtual manipulatives in converting fractions to decimals had significant difference compared the use of the traditional method. On the contrary, teaching fractions on a number line did not have significant difference. Out of the four operations on fractions, three showed that the use of concrete manipulatives was highly effective.
This study recommends that teachers must test the prior knowledge of their students before discussing about fractions to determine the students’ strengths and weaknesses. Although both traditional method and the manipulative approach showed improvement on the post-test results in teaching fractions, still, teachers are encouraged to use manipulatives in teaching fractions to improve students’ performance. It is important for teachers to provide their students opportunities for hands-on manipulation of objects in order to grasp the concepts of fractions more easily. Lastly, teachers must develop the use of concrete and virtual manipulatives in teaching fractions to promote active learning that can enhance students’ mathematics performance and can help them to realize that mathematics is an enjoyable subject.