bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic diversity of nuts traits and fatty acids of pecan (Carya illinoinensis) germplasm resources
Authors: Zhang Jiyu , Wang Tao , Zhang Fan , Li Yong-Rong , Liu Yong-Zhi , Wang Gang , Wang Xiao-Yong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Pecan (Carya illinoinensis) is the most economically valuable nut tree growing in many countries of the world. 10 nut quantitative traits and 15 fatty acid components of 112 pecan accessions were determined to analyze the morphometric and fatty acids genetic diversity in this study. The measured nuts traits of single nut mass, nut transverse, longitudinal and lateral diameter, nut aspect ratio, single nuts kernel mass, kernel yield and shell thinness were found highly variable. 15 fatty acids were detected among 36 tested fat acids in the nut kernel of pecan, and 14 fatty acids were found high variation except for the C12:0. Plenty of these traits are significant economic importance and could be used as breeding targets to improve the pecan variety. The positive correlations were observed between each pair of single nut mass, nut transverse diameter, nut longitudinal diameter and nut lateral diameter. Single nuts kernel mass is significantly positively correlated with single nut mass, nut transverse diameter, nut longitudinal diameter and nut lateral diameter. The 2D PCA plot successfully grouped the samples according to their phenotypic resemblance and morphological characteristics. 112 accessions were grouped into 4 and 3 major clusters according to the nut quantitative traits and fatty acids components and contents, respectively. Based on these results, we suggest that multidisciplinary research team should be set for genetic breeding of pecan to promote the conservation of local genetic diversity and improve the nuts production and commercialization in China.
R354X Mutation in PRPF31 Affects Its Capacity in Inflammation Response and Splicing
Authors: Deng Fang , Huang Shaofen , Xiao Xiaoqiang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Pre-mRNA processing factor 31(PRPF31) is a key component of RNA splicing and also a disease-causing gene of Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP). Previously, we found that the nonsense mutation R354X in PRPF31induces RP in a Chinese RP family. In order to investigate the underlining molecular mechanisms of RP pathogenesis induced by this mutation, we generated cell lines stably expressing R354X mutant, wild type (WT) of PRPF31 and corresponding empty vector using HEK293T cells ,the resulting cell lines were used for Long non-coding RNA sequencing(LncRNA -sequencing). The results of LncRNA sequencing showed that, comparing to WT, R354X mutation changed the expression and splicing of coding and non-coding transcripts. Interestingly, in HEK293T and APRE-19 cells, inflammation-associated genes such as IFI6, OAS3and STAT3, enhanced their expression in response to the overexpression of WT PRPF31; however, in R354X mutation cells, those genes’ expression remained basal levels. Moreover, increased H2AFX expression and attenuated growth capacity were found in cells expressing R354X PRPF31. In contrast with WT, R354X mutant showed varied splicing model for dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) in HEK293T , reduced CPSF1 and SORBS1 mRNAs binding in ARPE-19 ,and its binding with CTNNBL1 was also interfered in ARPE-19 cells. On the other hand, the R354X mutant also increased the level of transcripts read-through. Taken together, R354X mutation in PRPF31 affected cell survival, changed gene’s expression and splicing. Those findings indicate that inflammation and oxidation might contribute the pathogenesis of RP induced by the R354X mutation.
Microstructure and Hot Workability of Twin-roll Cast Dispersoid-strengthened Al- Mg-Si-Mn alloys
Authors: Qian Xiaoming , Zhang Yu , Wang Zhaodong , Chen X.-Grant , Li Yong , Xu Guangming 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Dispersoid-strengthened Al-Mg-Si-Mn aluminum alloys were produced by twin-roll casting (TRC) and conventional mold casting (MC). An extra-low temperature homogenization was performed at temperature of 430 °C for 6 h, which was followed by uniaxial hot compression tests. The results showed that the as-cast TRC samples had a lower eutectic fraction with a smaller size and a higher solid solution concentration compared to the as-cast MC samples. During the extra-low temperature homogenization, a large number of α-Al(Fe, Mn)Si dispersoids precipitated, and the dispersoids in the TRC sample had a greater number density than those in the MC sample. Precipitation-free zone (PFZ) formed near the eutectic regions, TRC sample had a lower PFZ fraction than that of MC sample. The TRC samples yielded higher flow stresses of hot deformation than MC sample owing to the stronger dispersoid strengthening effect. Severe edge cracking occurred in the deformed MC samples due to the high fraction of coarse AlFeMnSi intermetallic particles, no edge crack formed in the TRC samples owing to its lower fraction and fine intermetallics which improved the hot workability of TRC sample.
Unsupervised Clustering of Continuous Ambient Noise Data to Get Higher Signal Quality in Seismic Surveys
Authors: Thangraj Joseph Soloman , Pulliam Jay , Sen Mrinal K. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Seismic interferometry has been shown to extract body wave arrivals from ambient noise seismic data. However, surface waves dominate ambient noise data, so cross-correlating and stacking all available data may not succeed in extracting body wave arrivals. A better strategy is to find portions of the data in which body wave energy dominates and to process only those portions. One challenge is that passive seismic recordings comprise huge volumes of data, so identifying portions with strong body-wave energy could be difficult or time-consuming. We use spatio-temporal features, calculated with data recorded by all receivers together, to perform unsupervised clustering. Using data recorded by a dense seismic array in Sweetwater, TX we were able to identify five clusters, representing a subsets of the complete dataset that contain similar features, and extract a 7 km/s body wave arrival from one cluster. This arrival did not emerge when we performed the same cross-correlation and stacking regimen on the entire dataset.
Relationship Between Epicardial Fat volume on Cardiac CT and Atherosclerosis Severity in Three-Vessel Coronary Artery Disease: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sun Yu , Li Xiao-gang , Xu Kai , Hou Jie , You Hong-rui , Zhang Rong-rong , Qi Miao , Zhang Li-bo , Xu Li-sheng , Greenwald Stephen E. , Yang Ben-Qiang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
The ideal treatment strategy for stable three-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD) patients are difficult to determine and for patients undergoing conservative treatment, imaging evidence of coronary atherosclerotic severity progression remains limited. Epicardial fat volume (EFV) on coronary CT angiography (CCTA) has been considered to be associated with coronary atherosclerosis. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the relationship between EFV level and coronary atherosclerosis severity in three-vessel CAD.
Methods
This retrospective study enrolled 252 consecutive patients with three-vessel CAD and 252 normal control group participants who underwent CCTA between January 2018 and December 2019. A semi-automatic method was developed for EFV quantification on CCTA images, standardized by body surface area. Coronary atherosclerosis severity was evaluated and scored by the number of coronary arteries with ≥ 50% stenosis on coronary angiography. Patients were subdivided into groups on the basis of lesion severity: mild (score = 3 vessels, n = 85), moderate (3.5 vessels ≤ score < 4 vessels, n = 82), and severe (4 vessels ≤ score ≤ 7 vessels, n = 85). The independent sample t-test, analysis of variance, and logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the associations between EFV level and severity of coronary atherosclerosis.
Results
Compared with normal controls, three-vessel CAD patients had significantly higher EFV level (65 ± 22 mL/m2 vs. 48 ± 19 mL/m2; P < 0.001). In patients with three-vessel CAD, there was a progressive decline in EFV level as the score of coronary atherosclerosis severity increased, especially in those patients with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 (75 ± 21 mL/m2 vs. 72 ± 22 mL/m2 vs. 62 ± 17 mL/m2; P < 0.05). Multivariable regression analysis showed that both BMI (OR: 3.40, 95%CI: 2.00 - 5.78, P < 0.001) and the score of coronary atherosclerosis severity (OR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.26 - 0.93, P<0.05) were independently related to the change of EFV level.
Conclusion
Three-vessel CAD patients do have higher EFV level than the normal controls. While, there may be an inverse relationship between EFV level and the severity of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with three-vessel CAD.
Reconstitution of a telomeric replicon organized by CST
Authors: Cech Thomas , Zaug Arthur 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Telomeres, the natural ends of linear chromosomes, are comprised of repeat-sequence DNA and associated proteins1. Replication of telomeres allows continued proliferation of human stem cells and immortality of cancer cells2. Replication begins with telomerase3 extending the single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) of the telomeric G-strand [(TTAGGG)n]; the synthesis of the complementary C-strand [(CCCTAA)n] is much less well characterized. The CST (CTC1-STN1-TEN1) protein complex, a DNA Polymerase α-primase accessory factor4,5, is known to be required for telomere replication in vivo6,7,8,9, and the molecular analysis presented here reveals key features of its mechanism. We find that CST uses its ssDNA-binding activity to specify the origins for telomeric C-strand synthesis by bound Polα-primase. CST-organized DNA polymerization can copy a telomeric DNA template that folds into G-quadruplex structures, but the suboptimality of this template likely contributes to telomere replication problems observed in vivo. Combining telomerase, a short telomeric ssDNA primer, and CST-Polα-primase gives complete telomeric DNA replication, resulting in the same sort of ssDNA 3’-overhang found naturally on human telomeres. We conclude that the CST complex not only terminates telomerase extension10,11 and recruits Polα-primase to telomeric ssDNA4,12,13, but it also orchestrates C-strand synthesis. Because replication of the telomere has features distinct from replication of the rest of the genome, targeting telomere-replication components including CST holds promise for cancer therapeutics.
Counteracting Forces of Introgressive Hybridization and Interspecific Competition Shape the Morphological Traits of Cryptic Lberian Eptesicus Bats
Authors: Horta Pedro , Raposeira Helena , Baños Adrián , Ibáñez Carlos , Razgour Orly , Rebelo Hugo , Juste Javier 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Cryptic species that coexist in sympatry are likely to simultaneously experience strong competition and hybridization. The first phenomenon would lead to character displacement, whereas the second can potentially promote morphological similarity through adaptive introgression. The main goal of this work was to investigate the effect of introgressive hybridization on the morphology of cryptic Iberian Eptesicus bats when facing counteracting evolutionary forces from interspecific competition. We found substantial overlap both in dentition and in wing morphology traits, though mainly in individuals in sympatry. The presence of hybrids contributes to a fifth of this overlap, with hybrids showing traits with intermediate morphometry. Thus, introgressive hybridization may contribute to species adaptation to trophic and ecological space responding directly to the macro-habitats characteristics of the sympatric zone and to local prey availability. On the other hand, fur shade tended to be browner and brighter in hybrids than parental species. Colour differences could result from partitioning of resources as an adaptation to environmental factors such as roost and microhabitats. We argue that a balance between adaptive introgression and niche partitioning shapes species interactions with the environment through affecting morphological traits under selection.
Evaluation of Safety for Scanning Carbon-Ion Radiotherapy in Hemodialysis Patients with Prostate Cancer
Authors: Takakusagi Yosuke , Suga Makito , Kusano Yohsuke , Kano Kio , Shima Satoshi , Tsuchida Keisuke , Mizoguchi Nobutaka , Serizawa Itsuko , Yoshida Daisaku , Kamada Tadashi , Minohara Shinichi , Katoh Hiroyuki 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background/Aim
The efficacy and safety of carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) for prostate cancer have already been demonstrated. The number of hemodialysis (HD) patients is increasing. Although the toxicity of CIRT in HD patients may be more severe, it has been insufficiently investigated. Therefore, we retrospectively analyzed the safety of CIRT for HD patients with prostate cancer in the present study.
Materials and Methods
Five HD patients with prostate cancer who underwent CIRT at the Kanagawa Cancer Center during November 2015–2020 were included in this study. CIRT was delivered by the raster scanning method (sCIRT). Adverse events were assessed using the CTCAE v5.0. The dose-volume histogram (DVH) parameters of the target volume and normal organs were evaluated between initial planning computed tomography (CT) and in-room CT images.
Results
In the acute phase, Grade 1 genitourinary toxicity was recorded in 1 patient. In the late phase, Grade 1 genitourinary toxicity was recorded in 2 patients. No gastrointestinal toxicities were noted during the follow-up period. In-room CT analysis revealed no significant differences among all DVH parameters of the target volume and normal organs when compared with the treatment plan dose.
Conclusions
The safety of sCIRT for prostate cancer in HD patients was investigated in the present study. In-room CT analysis suggested the robustness of the treatment plan. According to the present results, sCIRT for prostate cancer can be safely performed in HD patients.
One-year Clinical Results of Restorations Using a Novel Self-adhesive Composite Hybrid
Authors: Rathke Andreas , Pfefferkorn Frank , McGuire Michael , Heard Rick , Seemann Rainer 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This prospective study assessed the dual-curing self-adhesive composite hybrid Surefil one. The restorations were placed and reviewed by dental practitioners who are members of a practice-based research network in the United States. Seven practitioners filled 60 cavities (20 class I, 19 class II and 21 class V) in 41 patients with Surefil one without adhesive, according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The restorations were evaluated using modified rating criteria at baseline and after 3 months and 1 year. Patients were also contacted to report postoperative hypersensitivity 1 to 4 weeks after placement. Recall rates were 98% after 3 months and 82% after 1 year. The only patient that showed moderate hypersensitvity after 1 year had previously reported symptoms that were unlikely associated to the class I molar restoration. One class II restoration in a broken maxillary molar was partially lost. The remaining 48 restorations were found to be in clinically acceptable condition resulting in an annual failure rate of 2%. The lowest number of acceptable scores (88%) was for color match. Self-adhesive composite hybrid restorations showed promising results in stress-bearing class I and II as well as non-retentive class V cavities at 1-year recall.
On Injectivity of an Integral Operator Connected to Riemann Hypothesis
Authors: Adam Dumitru 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In 1993, Alcantara-Bode showed ([2]) that Riemann Hypothesisholds if and only if the integral operator on the Hilbert space L2(0; 1)having the kernel function defined by the fractional part of (y/x), isinjective. Since then, the injectivity of the integral operator used inequivalent formulation of RH has not been addressed nor has beendissociated from RH.We provided in this paper methods for investigating the injectivityof linear bounded operators on separable Hilbert spaces using theirapproximations on dense families of subspaces.On the separable Hilbert space L2(0,1), an linear bounded operator(or its associated Hermitian), strict positive definite on a dense familyof including approximation subspaces in built on simple functions, isinjective if the rate of convergence of its sequence of injectivity pa-rameters on approximation subspaces is inferior bounded by a not nullconstant, that is the case with the Beurling - Alcantara-Bode integraloperator.We applied these methods to the integral operator used in RHequivalence proving its injectivity.
The Zoo of Fairness Metrics in Machine Learning
Authors: Castelnovo Alessandro , Crupi Riccardo , Greco Greta , Regoli Daniele , Penco Ilaria Giuseppina , Cosentini Andrea Claudio 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In recent years, the problem of addressing fairness in Machine Learning (ML) and automatic decision-making has attracted a lot of attention in the scientific communities dealing with Artificial Intelligence. A plethora of different definitions of fairness in ML have been proposed, that consider different notions of what is a “fair decision” in situations impacting individuals in the population. The precise differences, implications and “orthogonality” between these notions have not yet been fully analyzed in the literature. In this work, we try to make some order out of this zoo of definitions.
Rheological Properties of Magnetic Field-Assisted Thickening Fluid and High Efficiency Spherical Polishing of ZrO2 Ceramics
Authors: Ming Yang , Huang Xiang ming , Zhou Dong dong , Zeng Qing , Li Hong yu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Shear thickening polishing technology using non-Newtonian polishing fluid is a low-cost, low-damage polishing method for the ultra-precision machining of complex curved surfaces. However, the shortcomings of traditional shear thickening polishing fluid in polishing efficiency and fluid viscosity controllability limit its further application., a novel weak magnetic field-assisted shear thickening polishing fluid (WMFA-STPF) containing carbonyl iron particles (CIPs) is presented in this study, which utilizes its weak magnetorheological effect to strengthen the shear thickening phenomenon. The rheological characteristics of the WMFA-STPF samples were investigated. The results show that WMFA-STPF has good fluidity in the low shear rate range and better thickening characteristics in the working shear rate range. In order to verify the high efficiency, high quality and high uniformity polishing ability of the weak magnetic field-assisted shear thickening polishing technology for the spherical surface of zirconia ceramic workpiece, the contrast polishing experiment was designed and finished. The experimental results show that the weak magnetic field-assisted thickening effect can achieve high efficiency and high quality polishing of hard and brittle ceramics. After 75 min polishing, the surface damage was effectively improved and eliminated, the surface quality and uniformity were greatly improved, and the material removal rate reached 7.82 μm/h, increased by 156%.
Association Between Early-Stage Juveniles of Sailfin Catfish (Pterygoplichthys, Loricariidae) and Floating Hydrophytes: Behaviour Supports Species Dispersal?
Authors: Tran Thanh Trung , Nguyen Vinh Thanh , Hoang Tuan Anh , Nguyen Thanh Nam 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The vertical distribution of early-stage juvenile sailfin catfish (Pterygoplichthys, Loricariidae), an invasive species, were investigated in littoral habitats and the center of channel with floating hydrophytes from the Red River system in Vietnam. Sailfin catfish were sampled from the upper water column with associated floating hydrophytes of the invasive water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and native water spinach (Ipomoea aquatic) and the bottom using hand nets (2-mm mesh sizes). Significantly higher numbers of early-stage juveniles were associated with floating hydrophytes compared to bottom sampling. The association between early stages of sailfin catfishes and floating hydrophytes, especially the free-floating invasive water hyacinth, supports the potential mechanism in the dispersal of an invasive fish.
The Role of Drug Resistance Causing lncRNAs in Breast Cancer: In-silico Analysis
Authors: Najafabadi Amirhossein Hajialiasgary , Khojasteh Mahdieh , Ghaedi Kamran 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women globally. LncRNAs are non-coding RNAs that play an essential role in biological pathways. Many lncRNAs have been discovered to influence cancer medication resistance. As a result, identifying how lncRNAs may cause drug resistance is vital.Method: Breast cancer TCGA RNA-seq data was applied in this study. We used the PharmacoGX package to explore lncRNAs with drug resistance or sensitivity effect through GDSC and CCLE data. Differential gene expression analysis (DGE) was used to find dysregulated lncRNAs (P<0.01). Survival analysis was performed to identify lncRNAs associated with patient survival, and a model based on them was developed. Multivariate cox regression analysis and ROC curve analysis were applied to assess the model. The TCGA-BRCA and two independent datasets (GSE21653 and GSE20685) were used to study the relevance of lncRNAs in biological pathways. lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction network was investigated. The connections of lncRNAs with MRPs were analysed through the correlation test. Finally, lncRNA and MRP mRNAs attachment sites were analysed through the LncRRisearch tool.Result: According to our data, thirty-eight lncRNAs were associated with cell drug response in breast cancer cells. IL12A-AS1, AC137723.1, LINC00667, SVIL-AS1, CYTOR, and MIR4435-2HG linked to patient survival (P<0.05). AC137723.1 and LINC00667 were identified as good prognostic genes, while the others were discovered to have poor prognostic effects. Moreover, the risk score model separated patients perfectly, in which about 45% of high-risk patients were dead; by contrast, around 95% of low-risk patients could survive. ROC curve results proved that CYTOR, MIR4435-2HG, and LINC00667 are potential biomarkers in breast cancer with AUC >0.8. Pathway analysis revealed that CYTOR and MIR4435-2HG are highly correlated with the Epithelial-Mesenchymal transition pathway, while AC137723.1 and LINC00667 were negatively correlated with the pathway. AC128688.2, CYTOR, TDRKH-AS1 and LINC00667 can participate in lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks. Also, MIR22HG might influence drug resistance by attaching to MRP mRNAs.Conclusion: Our findings revealed 38 lncRNAs involved in cancer cell treatment resistance and sensitivity. They can participate in patients’ prognosis, diagnosis and cellular pathways. Also, they may influence cell drug response through connections with CSPs, lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks and MRPs.
In Vivo Confocal Microscopic Evaluation of Previously Neglected Oval Cells in Corneal Nerve Vortex: An Inflammatory Indicator of Dry Eye Disease
Authors: Jing Dalan , Jiang Xiaodan , Chou Yilin , Wei Shanshan , Hao Ran , Su Jie , Li Xuemin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
To investigate association of a type of previously neglected oval cell that located in corneal vortex with dry eye disease (DED). Observational, prospective study of 168 patients with different degrees of DED. In vivo confocal microscopy was used to observe the corneal sub-basal nerves and Langerhans cells (LCs) in both corneal vortex and periphery. The bright and oval cells also be inspected in corneal vortex. An artificial intelligence (AI) technique generated the sub-basal nerve fibre parameters. Patients were divided into three different groups based on existence of inflammatory cells. Group 2 patients showed a significant increase in corneal peripheral nerve maximum length and corneal peripheral nerve average density. Patients in Group 3 had more LC numbers than others. A type of bright and oval cell was identified in the corneal vortex might be a type of immature LC and related to disease severity of DED.