bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integration of Audio video Speech Recognition using LSTM and Feed Forward Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: R Shashidhar , Kulkarni Sudarshan Patil 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the current scenario, audio visual speech recognition is one of the emerging fields of research, but there is still deficiency of appropriate visual features for recognition of visual speech. Human lip-readers are increasingly being presented as useful in the gathering of forensic evidence but, like all human, suffer from unreliability in analyzing the lip movement. Here we used a custom dataset and design the system in such a way that it predicts the output for the lip reading. The problem of speaker independent lip-reading is very demanding due to unpredictable variations between people. Also due to recent developments and advances in the fields of signal processing and computer vision. The task of automating the lip reading is becoming a field of great interest. Here we use MFCC techniques for audio processing and LSTM method for visual speech recognition and finally integrate the audio and video using feed forward neural network (FFNN) and also got good accuracy. That is why the AVSR technique attract a great attention as a reliable solution for the speech detection problem. The final model was capable of taking more appropriate decision while predicting the spoken word. We were able to get a good accuracy of about 92.38% for the final model.
White Button Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) Interrupts Tissue AR-TMPRSS2 Expression and Attenuates Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in C57BL/6 Mice: Implication for COVID-19 Dietary Intervention
Authors: Chen Shiuan , Wang Xiaoqiang , Ha Desiree , Yoshitake Ryohei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2), an androgen-induced protease associated with prostate cancer, is one putative receptor for coronavirus entry into host cells, where triggering aggressive inflammatory cytokine storm and possibly death in COVID-19 patients. We previously reported that dietary white button mushroom (WBM) antagonized dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-induced androgen receptor (AR) activation and reduced myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in prostate cancer animal models and patients. The present study on C57BL/6 mice revealed that WBM is a unique food that A) interrupts DHT induced AR-TMPRSS2 expression in putative COVID-19 targeted organs through its AR antagonistic activity and B) attenuates serum pro-inflammatory cytokines which have been implicated in COVID-19 pathogenesis. We hereby propose WBM intake as a potentially low-cost, efficient, and safe dietary intervention to mitigate COVID-19.
Direct observation of competition between charge order and itinerant ferromagnetism in vdW crystal Fe5-xGeTe2
Authors: Wu Xuchuan , Lei Le , Yin Qiangwei , Zhao Ning-Ning , Li Man , Wang Zilu , Liu Qingxin , Song Wenhua , Ma Huan , Ding Pengfei , Liu Kai , Cheng Zhihai , Lei Hechang , Wang Shancai 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The interplay of symmetry-breaking ordered states, such as superconductivity, charge density waves (CDW), magnetism and pseudogap, is a fundamental issue in correlated system. CDW and antiferromagnetism often coexist in the proximity of phase diagram region in cuprates. It is also worthy nothing that different order states appear in a situation on comparable temperature scales, so these orders are intertwined and competing on the same footing. The magnetism of vdW material Fe5-xGeTe2 with the one of the highest reported bulk Curie temperatures, is found to be sensitive to thermal history and external magnetic field. However, the temperature-dependent magnetization with two characteristic points still lacks a unified picture to describe. Using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, magnetic properties measurements, and the first-principles calculations, the complex yet intriguing magnetic behaviors are gradually unveiled. A competition mechanism between charge order and ferromagnetism is proposed and firmly observed by experimental measurements. As the ferromagnetic order strengthens at low temperature, the charge order will be suppressed. Exchange splitting in itinerant ferromagnetism plays a significant role in the temperature evolution of band structure and causes a Lifshitz transition, which provides more control means to realize novel devices at room temperature.
Design Approach To Bolted End-Plate Vertical-Slits RWS Connection
Authors: Nazaralizadeh Hamidreza , Ronagh Hamid , Memarzadeh Parham , Behnamfar Farhad 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Extensive research has been carried out on steel moment frames to improve the cyclic performance of seismic resisting connections with reduced beam section (RBS). The RBS connections are conventionally known by the radial reduction of the beam flange. Where the contribution of the beam flange to the flexural resistance is greater than that of the beam web, some researchers have proposed reduced web section (RWS) connections, instead. The present study dedicates to the RWS connections with vertical-slits (VS), as a cost-effective alternative with multiple design parameters. This paper aims to obtain proper ranges for the geometric design parameters of the VS-RWS connection. In this order, two full-scale specimens of the bolted end-plate VS-RWS connection were experimentally tested under the SAC cyclic loading to evaluate the performance of connections, and then a parametric study was carried out using the verified numerical models. The parameters consist of the distance between the column face and the beginning of the reduced region, the length of the reduced region, as well as the depth and width of the vertical-slits. Based on the results, certain recommendations for the ranges of the geometric parameters of VS-RWS have been suggested. In order to obtain the story drift of the frame caused by the VS-RWS beam flexural deformation using the conjugate beam method, the original VS-RWS was replaced with an equivalent constant-cut reduced beam section (CC-RBS). At last, a simple design procedure for VS-RWS connections was provided according to AISC-358.
RBDN: Residual Bottleneck Dense Network for Image Super-Resolution
Authors: An Zeyu , Zhang Junyuan , Sheng Ziyu , Er Xuanhe , Lv Junjie 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Recent studies have shown that Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Network (SRGAN) can significantly improve the quality of single-image super-resolution. However, the existing SRGAN approaches also have drawbacks, such as inadequate of features utilization, huge number of parameters and poor scalability. To further enhance the visual quality, we thoroughly study three key components of SRGAN: network architecture, adversarial loss and perceptual loss, and propose a DenseNet with Residual-in-Residual Bottleneck Block (RRBB) named as Residual Bottleneck Dense Network (RBDN) for single-image super-resolution. In particular, RBDN combines ResNet and DenseNet with different roles, in which ResNet refines feature values by addition and DenseNet memorizes feature values by concatenation. Specifically, the DenseNet adopts the Bottleneck structure to reduce the network parameters and improve the convergence rate. In addition, the proposed RRBB, as the basic network building unit, removes the batch normalization (BN) layer and employs the ELU function to reduce the opposite effects in the absence of BN. In this way, RBDN can enjoy the merits of the sufficient feature value refined by residual groups and the refined feature value memorized by dense connections, thus achieving better performance compared with most current residual blocks.
In Vitro Effect of Triamcinolone and Platelet-rich Plasma on Lateral Epicondylitis-derived Cells
Authors: Viveiros Marcio Eduardo de Melo , Viveiros Magda Hata , Silva Márcia Guimarães , Rainho Cláudia Aparecida , Schellini Silvana Artioli 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Lateral epicondylitis (LE) is a common musculoskeletal condition. However, the treatment of LE is still controversial. The present study evaluated the production of inflammatory cytokines by lateral epicondylitis-derived cells and compared the anti-inflammatory effect of triamcinolone acetonide with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on their production in cell culture.Methods: Third passage cells from primary cultures of lateral epicondylitis were assessed for the production of the cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α by immune-enzymatic assay (ELISA), after treatment with 1, 10 and 100 mM triamcinolone compared to untreated controls at the time points 6, 12, 18, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours, and to PRP at 48, 72 and 96 hours.Results: The cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 were produced in high concentrations by lateral epicondylitis cells. Triamcinolone induced a significant decrease in the production of IL-6 and IL-8 at 48, 72 and 96 hours, and at 12 hours for IL-8. The PRP group produced significantly higher levels of IL-8 than the control group, at 96 hours. There was a significant increase in IL-10 production with the use of 100 μM triamcinolone at 48 hours, compared to controls. The production of IL1-β and TNF-α was very low and did not change when the cultures were treated with triamcinolone or PRP.Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that IL-6 and IL-8 plays a role in the pathogenesis of lateral epicondylitis. Triamcinolone inhibited the production of the production of IL-6 and IL-8 by lateral epicondylitis-derived cells and PRP induced an increase in IL-8 levels compared to controls.
The Role of De Novo T790M Mutation in The Origin of T790M Resistance Clone and in The Clinical Outcomes For Advanced EGFR-Mutant NSCLC Patients Receiving EGFR-TKIs
Authors: Li Mei-Fang , Lin Jing-Hui , Zhang Jing , Huang Yun-Jian , Chen Sheng-Chi , Wang Yan , He Zhi-Yong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Increasing evidence suggests that de novo T790M mutation occurs at a low frequency in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the effects of this mutation on the formation of T790M resistant clones and efficacy of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) remain unclear. Methods: Fifty-nine treatment-naïve in-patients with advanced EGFR-mutant NSCLC were enrolled in this study between 2017 and 2018. We dynamically monitored T790M mutation in ctDNA of patients before and during treatment with first-generation EGFR-TKIs, which were administered every 2 to 3 months until disease progression. Results: Among the patients, 28.81% (17/59) had a low-frequency de novo T790M mutation, 66.67% (10/15) of them retained T790M mutation and resistance in this group was defined as “selection” resistance. T790M mutation was detected after treatment in 42.3% (11/26) of patients without de novo T790M mutation who experienced disease progression and resistance in this group was defined as “acquisition” resistance. After treatment with third-generation EGFR-TKI, patients with the “selection” T790M resistance mutation had significantly better objective response rate (ORR) and longer progression-free survival (PFS) than those with the “acquisition” T790M resistance mutation. Conclusion: Our study provides evidence that low-frequency de novo T790M mutation is not rare in patients with advanced EGFR-mutant NSCLC. T790M resistance mutations can have two origins: the selection of low-frequency de novo T790M clones or the acquisition of the mutation in initially T790M-negative cells clinically. Since the origin of T790M resistance mutations can affect the efficacy of third-generation EGFR-TKIs, these EGFR-TKIs may be more effective for the treatment of NSCLC patients with “selection” T790M resistance mutations.
Microbiology and Outcomes of Institutionalized Patients with Stroke-associated Pneumonia: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Zhao Jie , Li Lei-qing , Zhen Ning-xin , Du Lin-lin , Shan Hui , Yu Yang , Zhang Zhao-cai , Cui Wei , Tian Bao-ping 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The attributable mortality and microbial etiology of stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) vary among different studies. We intednd to determine the microbiology and outcomes of SAP in lower respiratory tract (LRT) for patients with invasive mechanical ventilation (MV).Methods: In this prospective observational study, included patients were divided into SAP and non-SAP based on comprehensive analysis of symptom, imaging and laboratory results. Baseline characteristic, clinical characteristic, microbiology and outcomes were recorded and evaluated.Results: Of 185 patients, 41.6% developed SAP after onset of stroke, and they had lower proportion of non-smoker (p=0.016), lower GCS score (p<0.001), higher serum CRP score (p<0.001) at ICU admission, and higher proportion of males (p<0.001) and hypertension (p=0.018) than patients with non-SAP. Gram-negative aerobic bacilli were the predominant organisms isolated (78%), followed by Gram-positive aerobic cocci (29.9%). Out of 19 isolated pathogens, main pathogens included K. pneumoniae, S. aureus, H. influenzae, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, E. aerogens, Serratia marcescens, and Burkholderia cepacia. SAP significantly prolonged length of MV (p<0.001) and duration of ICU stays (p<0.001), shorten MV-free days by 28 (p<0.001), caused elevated vasopressor application (p=0.002) and 60-day mortality (p=0.001).Conclusion: Microbiology of SAP is similar to early-phase HAP and VAP. SAP significantly prolongs duration of MV and lengths of ICU stays, but also markedly increase 60-day mortality.Trial registration: ChiCTR2000028849; http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx, Registered 05 January 2020.
Improving Time to Palliative Care Review With Predictive Modeling: Study Protocol for a Stepped-wedge, Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Wilson Patrick , Philpot Lindsey , Ramar Priya , Storlie Curtis , Strand Jacob , Morgan Alisha , Asai Shusaku , Ebbert Jon , Herasevich Vitaly , Soleimani Jalal , Pickering Brian 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Palliative care is a medical specialty centered on improving the quality of life (QOL) of patients with complex or life-threatening illnesses. The need for Palliative care is increasing and with that the rigorous testing of triage tools that can be used quickly and reliably to identify patients that may benefit from palliative care. Methods: To that Aim we will conduct a two-armed stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial rolled out to two inpatient hospitals to evaluate whether a machine learning algorithm accurately identifies patients who may benefit from a comprehensive review by a palliative care specialist, and decreases time to receiving a palliative care consult in hospital. This is a single-center study which will be conducted from August 2019 to November 2020 at Saint Mary’s Hospital & Methodist Hospital, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. Clusters will be nursing units which will be chosen to be a mix of complex patients from Cardiology, Critical Care and Oncology and had previously established relationships with palliative medicine. The stepped wedge design will have 12 units allocated to a design matrix of 5 treatment wedges. Each wedge will last 75 days resulting in a study period of 12 months unless otherwise specified. Data will be analyzed with Bayesian hierarchical models with credible intervals denoting statistical significance.Discussion: This intervention offers a pragmatic approach to delivering specialty palliative care to hospital patients in need using machine learning, thereby leading to high value care and improved outcomes. It is not enough for AI to be utilized by simply publishing research showing predictive performance; Clinical trials demonstrating better outcomes are critically needed. Furthermore, the deployment of an AI algorithm is a complex process that requires multiple teams with varying skill sets. To evaluate a deployed AI, a pragmatic clinical trial can accommodate the difficulties of clinical practice whilst retaining scientific rigor.Trial registration NCT03976297 (ClinicalTrials.gov), registered on June 6, 2019 prior to trial start.
Experimental Determination of Biologically Active Compounds in Pomace of Siberian Beet and Carrot
Authors: Kozhemayko Anastasia , Sergeeva Irina , Dolgolyuk Irina 
Published: March 2021

Introduction. With the development of the food and processing industry, the matter of environmental pollution is becoming more
and more acute. Environmental protection is based on the principle of rational use of natural resources and sustainable technology. Vegetable pomace is a secondary raw material; its amount depends on the production technology and equipment. The observed
positive trend in the gross harvest of vegetables in open ground can increase the number of vegetable processing enterprises and
the capacity of existing enterprises. Eventually, waste will start accumulating at processing sites, and it will have to be used as raw
materials. The present paper features the content of biologically active substances in pomace of carrots and beets grown on the
territory of the Siberian region and introduces options for their further use in functional foods.
Study objects and methods. The research featured carrot pomace of the varieties Losinoostrovskaya, Nantskaya, and Queen of
Autumn, as well as beet pomace of varieties Cylinder and Bordeaux. All the samples were harvested in the Kemerovo region in 2019.
Determination of physical and chemical parameters was carried out using standard methods. Carotenoids, flavonoids, β-cyanine were
studied using spectrometry and photocolorimetric method.
Results and discussion. The experiment featured the content of bioactive substances in pomace of carrots and beets obtained during
industrial processing. The content of carotenoids in carrots (mg of β-carotene per 100 g of dry weight): for Losinoostrovskaya variety
– 23.56 ± 0.23; Nantskaya – 25.32 ± 0.18; Queen of Autumn – 20.78 ± 0.25. Flavonoid content (mg of catechol equivalent per
100 g of dry weight): Losinoostrovskaya – 12.02 ± 0.37; Nantskaya – 13.45 ± 0.56; Queen of Autumn – 11.50 ± 0.48. The content
of β-cyanine in beets (mg per 100 g of dry weight): Cylinder – 100.0 ± 8.5; Bordeaux – 35.0 ± 1.8. The nutritional value of carrot
and beet pomace with a mass fraction of moisture was 10%. The nutritional value of vegetable pomace is due to the high content
of dietary fiber; therefore, the raw materials can be considered for functional food production. The content of biologically active
substances in vegetable pomace (flavonoids, carotenoids, β-cyanines) can enhance the functional orientation of this secondary raw
material when used in food technologies for the production of food of high nutritional value.
Conclusion. The results obtained will make it possible to use the biochemical potential of plant raw materials in many aspects, as well
as to obtain new functional food products, thereby expanding the range of healthy foods.
Effect of Freezing Modes, Storage Time, and Defrosting Methods on Microbiological Quality Parameters of Apricots
Authors: Guseynova Batuch , Asabutaev Islam , Daudova Tatyana 
Published: March 2021

Introduction. Low-temperature freezing technology extends the shelf life of perishable fruits as it causes a sharp slowdown in the biochemical and microbiological processes in frozen products. However, it cannot provide complete destruction of microorganisms.
The present research featured the reaction of apricot microbiota to the technological techniques of shock freezing. The research objective was to study the effect of low-temperature freezing modes (t = –25, –30, and –35°C), storage time (3 and 9 months), methods, and defrosting modes (in air at t = 5 and 22°C; in water at t = 5, 16, and 22°C; under the effect of microwave irradiation) on the surface microflora of apricots.
Study objects and methods. The experiment featured apricots of the varieties Uzden, Untsukulskiy Pozdniy, Honobah, Krasnoshchyokiy, and Shalakh. The microbiological profile of defrosted apricots was based on the State Standard.
Results and discussion. Fast freezing at t = –25°C provided a better inhibition of epiphytic microflora than at t = –30 and –35°C: aerobic-mesophilic and optionally anaerobic microorganisms – by 65.2–68.6%, yeast – by 61.5–69.0%, and mold – by 59.3–68.4%,
compared to their initial content on fresh apricots. During the initial period of refrigeration storage, the number of microorganisms decreased, while the subsequent nine-month storage (t = –18°C) led to a slight increase in microbiota. After nine months of storage, the number of microorganisms on defrosted fruits, depending on the variety, was the following: aerobic-mesophilic and optionally anaerobic microorganisms – 1.2×103–2.0×103 CFU/g, yeast – 14–26 CFU/g, and molds – 75–108 CFU/g. Defrosting of apricots by microwave irradiation resulted in a greater destruction of microorganisms than after traditional thawing in air and water.
Conclusion. The results of microbiological studies indicate that the shock freezing technology ensures the production of quick-frozen apricots that meet the requirements of Technical Regulations of the Customs Union No. 021/2011.
New Functional Product from Horsemeat in Sauce
Authors: Namsaraeva Zorigma , Khamaganova Inga , Damdinova Tatiana 
Published: March 2021

Introduction. The priority task of the food industry is to provide population with functional products since the health of nation and its people largely depends on the diet. New formulations and technologies for meat products broaden the range of functional foods. Flaxseed oil is an excellent source of functional ingredients as it is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and tocopherols. The present research featured horsemeat as a promising raw material of high nutritional and biological value. Horsemeat is a traditional food source for many nations. The research objective was to develop a new technology for horsemeat in sauce and to select the optimal thermal processing method.
Study objects and methods. The authors tested several methods of heat treatment and used a standard nine-point scale to assess the sensory properties of the finished product. The experiment involved standard physicochemical and organoleptic research methods. The color characteristics were described using digital image processing.
Results and discussion. The study delivered a new formulation of sauce with flaxseed oil, which improved the quality of the fat component of the finished product. The new sauce proved to be rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and possessed high sensory and technological properties. A comparative analysis of the heat treatment methods included traditional frying and stewing, cooking in a steam convection oven, and a sous-vide technology. The sous vide technology appeared to have the best structural-mechanical, physicochemical, and sensory properties. Software processing of digital images made it possible to compare the color of raw, semifinished, and cooked meat samples. The traditional cooking methods of frying and stewing showed the most pronounced changes in the color, while the sous-vide technology demonstrated a smooth color change. As for the quality of the finished product, it proved to satisfy 40% of daily intake for polyunsaturated fatty acids and 20% for tocopherol, which makes the product functional.
Conclusion. The new technology made it possible to expand the range of functional meat products. The new digital image processing program helped to register changes in shape and color of meat samples after various heat treatment methods.