bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving bayesian posterior correlation analysis on type Ia supernova luminosity evolution
Authors: Zhang Keto D , Murakami Yukei S , Stahl Benjamin E , Patra Kishore C , Filippenko Alexei V 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
Much of the cosmological utility thus far extracted from Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) relies on the assumption that SN Ia peak luminosities do not evolve significantly with the age (local or global) of their stellar environments. Two recent studies have provided conflicting results in evaluating the validity of this assumption, with one finding no correlation between Hubble residuals (HR) and stellar environment age, while the other claims a significant correlation. In this Letter we perform an independent reanalysis that rectifies issues with the statistical methods employed by both of the aforementioned studies. Our analysis follows a principled approach that properly accounts for regression dilution and critically (and unlike both prior studies) utilizes the Bayesian-model-produced SN environment age estimates (posterior samples) instead of point estimates. Moreover, the posterior is used as an informative prior in the regression. We find the Pearson correlation between the HR and local (global) age to be in excess of 4σ (3σ). Assuming there exists a linear relationship between HR and local (global) age, we find a corresponding slope of −0.035 ± 0.007 mag Gyr−1 (−0.036 ± 0.007 mag Gyr−1). We encourage further use of our approach to examine HR and host environment correlations, as well as experiments in correcting for luminosity evolution in SN Ia standardization.
Manifestations of oxidative stress and liver injury in clothianidin exposed Oncorhynchus mykiss
Authors: Dogan Demet , Deveci Haci Ahmet , Nur Gokhan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This investigation was conducted to evaluate the effects of clothianidin, a neonicotinoid insecticide, on hepatic oxidative stress biomarkers, biochemical indices of blood serum and liver integrity in juvenile Oncorhynchus mykiss following 7, 14 and 21 days of application to environmentally relevant concentrations of 3, 15 and 30 μg/l. The observed hypertrophy caused elevation in hepatosomatic index, a significant increase in serum glucose and a decrease in tissue protein level with extended period of exposure were determined. The treatment resulted in a marked induction in the activities of antioxidant enzymes which were accompanied with simultaneous elevation in MDA and protein carbonyl level reflecting loss of membrane integrity and protein function. Histopathological examination showed liver injury manifested as hepatocellular degeneration, fibrosis, vacuolation, congestion, necrosis, steatosis and pyknosis proceding with the concentration. The stressful condition triggered hyperglycemic and hypoproteinemic conditions which might be proposed as general adaptive response. Moreover, altered liver histology reveals the hepatotoxic potential of clothianidin via oxidative stress as a common pathological mechanism leading to liver injury.
The Effect of Psychological Interventions on the Prevention of Chronic Pain in Adults
Authors: Bérubé Mélanie , Martorella Géraldine , Côté Caroline , Gélinas Céline , Feeley Nancy , Choinière Manon , Parent Stefan , Streiner David L. 
Published: February 2021

Objective:
Up to 50% of patients develop high-impact chronic pain after an acute care experience and many psychological variables have been identified in this process. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to assess the effect of psychological interventions within 3 months after pain onset.

Methods:
We searched databases for articles published from databases inceptions until July 2019. We used standardized mean differences with 95% confidence intervals to assess treatment effect.

Results:
In all, 18 trials were found eligible; 11 of which were included in the meta-analyses. Trials were mainly performed in back pain patients in the middle to late adulthood. Regarding pain intensity, the effect of psychological interventions compared with standard treatments was nonsignificant at 3, 6, and 12 months. We found a moderate significant effect size in favor of psychological interventions compared with standard treatments with regard to disability at 12 months and a small significant effect with regard to coping with pain at 3 months when compared with information alone. Most of meta-analysis findings were associated with a low level of evidence.

Discussion:
This systematic review and meta-analysis showed no significant effect of psychological interventions on pain intensity. A positive and significant trend related to these interventions was shown on disability and coping with pain, when compared with standard treatment and information, respectively. However, these findings must be interpreted with caution considering the limited sample of trials. More rigorous randomized controlled trials performed in patients with a high-risk psychological profile are required to elucidate the efficacy of psychological interventions in preventing chronic pain.
High-Flow Oxygen Therapy Application in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients With Acute Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Plotnikow Gustavo A. , Accoce Matias , Fredes Sebastián , Tiribelli Norberto , Setten Mariano , Dorado Javier , Guaymas Maria , Ilutovich Santiago , Rodriguez Pablo O. , Cesio Cristian E. , Scapellato Jose L. , Vasquez Daniela N. 
Published: February 2021

Objectives:
To evaluate the effect of high-flow oxygen implementation on the respiratory rate as a first-line ventilation support in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure.

Design:
Multicenter, prospective, analytic observational case series study.

Setting:
Five ICUs in Argentina, between August 2018 and September 2019.

Patients:
Patients greater than or equal to 18 years old with moderate to very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, who had been admitted to the ICU with a diagnosis of hypercapnic acute respiratory failure, were entered in the study.

Interventions:
High-flow oxygen therapy through nasal cannula delivered using high-velocity nasal insufflation.

Measurements and Main Results:
Forty patients were studied, 62.5% severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. After the first hour of high-flow nasal cannula implementation, there was a significant decrease of respiratory rate compared with baseline values, with a 27% decline (29 vs 21 breaths/min; p < 0.001). Furthermore, a significant reduction of Paco
2 (57 vs 52 mm Hg [7.6 vs 6.9 kPa]; p < 0.001) was observed. The high-flow nasal cannula application failed in 18% patients. In this group, the respiratory rate, pH, and Paco
2 showed no significant change during the first hour in these patients.

Conclusions:
High-flow oxygen therapy through nasal cannula delivered using high-velocity nasal insufflation was an effective tool for reducing respiratory rate in these chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure. Early determination and subsequent monitoring of clinical and blood gas parameters may help predict the outcome.
Chronic Itch of Unknown Origin Is Associated With an Enhanced Th2 Skin Immune Profile
Authors: Dehner Carina , Chen Lu , Kim Brian , Rosman Ilana S. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract:
Chronic pruritus of unknown origin (CPUO) is described as chronic itch lasting longer than 6 weeks in the absence of a defined skin rash and any known causative disease process. A retrospective study was performed on biopsy samples from patients with CPUO and normal controls to compare the immune profiles of these patients with healthy individuals. We used dual CD3/T-bet and CD3/GATA3 immunohistochemical staining to assess for T-cells expressing Th1 versus Th2 transcription factors, respectively. Our data showed that CD3+ cells of patients with CPUO co-express significantly more GATA3 compared with normal controls. Meanwhile, the normal control skin showed a much more balanced T-bet/GATA3 ratio of co-expression. Our data suggest an enrichment of Th2 cells in CPUO skin by T cell/GATA3 co-staining, supporting that CPUO is increasingly considered a type 2/Th2 cell-associated disease. We thus speculate that type 2 cytokine blockade-based therapies may represent effective treatments for CPUO.
Digital Myxoid Cysts: Correlation of Initial and Long-Term Response to Steroid Injections
Authors: Sechi Andrea , Starace Michela , Alessandrini Aurora , Caposiena Caro Raffaele Dante , Piraccini Bianca Maria 
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND
Digital mucous cysts (DMCs) are benign myxoid pseudocysts that develop on the distal interphalangeal joint's lateral or dorsal aspects. Management consists either of a surgical approach, conservative therapy, or simple follow-up.

OBJECTIVE
To correlate the initial and long-term response with clinical and ultrasound parameters in DMCs treated with intralesional steroids as first-line therapy.

METHODS
A single-center prospective open-label study recruited 15 patients affected by DMCs, who had been treated with a cycle of up to 3 steroid injections at a 6 to 9 week time interval.

RESULTS
At the first follow-up visit, 53.3% of patients were cleared of DMCs, achieving a complete response, whereas 46.7% experienced a >30% decrease in their DMC volume, and were considered partial responders. After 1 year of follow-up, the cure rate decreased to 40%, and the recrudescence rate was 27.3%. Clinical and sonographic characteristics that positively correlated with a maintained complete response at follow-up were as follows: young age, absence of osteophytes, low volume, complete clearance at T1, and short disease duration (p < .05).

CONCLUSION
Intralesional steroid therapy is an easy approach for DMC, with minimal side effects; identifying predictive hallmarks is useful to offer a straightforward surgical treatment to patients who have nonresponder characteristics.
Longitudinal associations of blood pressure with aortic stiffness and pulsatility: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Authors: Metcalf Patricia A. , Meyer Michelle L. , Tanaka Hirofumi , Agarwal Sunil K. , Windham B. Gwen , Cheng Susan , Couper David , Folsom Aaron R. , Heiss Gerardo 
Published: February 2021

Objective:
To characterize the longitudinal relationships between blood pressure measured over 24 years and arterial stiffness in late life measured as pulse wave velocity (PWV).

Methods:
Carotid--femoral (cf) and femoral--ankle (fa) PWV were measured in 4166 adults at the visit 5 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study cohort examination (2011–2013). Participants were categorized into tertiles of PWV measurements. Blood pressure measurements were made at baseline (1987–1989), three subsequent triennial examinations, and visit 5.

Results:
Partial correlation coefficients between visit 5 cfPWV and SBP ranged from 0.13 for visit 1 SBP to 0.32 for visit 5 SBP. For visit 5 faPWV, correlations were ∼0 for visits 1 to 4 SBP, but was 0.20 for visit 5 SBP. Over 24 years of follow-up, those with higher average SBP were more likely to fall in the middle and upper tertiles of visit 5 cfPWV. Average pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure over 24 years had similar but weaker associations with cfPWV tertiles. DBP had no clear association with cfPWV. Blood pressure measurements were positively associated with faPWV tertiles only cross-sectionally at visit 5.

Conclusion:
Adult life-course measures of SBP, more so than mean arterial and pulse pressure, were associated with later life central arterial stiffness. By contrast, only contemporaneous measures of blood pressure were associated with peripheral arterial stiffness. Although arterial stiffness was only measured at later life, these results are consistent with the notion that elevated blood pressure over time is involved in the pathogenesis of arterial stiffening.
DTPA Treatment of Wound Contamination in Rats with Americium: Evaluation of Urinary Profiles Using STATBIODIS Shows Importance of Prompt Administration
Authors: Lamart Stephanie , Van der Meeren Anne , Coudert Sylvie , Baglan Nicolas , Griffiths Nina M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In the nuclear industry, wound contamination with americium is expected to increase with decommissioning and waste management. Treatment of workers with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) requires optimization to reduce internal contamination and radiation exposure. This work aimed at evaluating and comparing different DTPA protocol efficacies after wound contamination of rats with americium. Wound contamination was simulated in rats by depositing americium nitrate in an incision in the hind limb. Different routes, times, and frequencies of DTPA administration were evaluated. Individual daily urinary americium excretion and tissue retention were analyzed using the statistical tool STATBIODIS. Urinary profiles, urinary enhancement factors, and inhibition percentages of tissue retention were calculated. A single DTPA administration the day of contamination induced a rapid increase in americium urinary excretion that decreased exponentially over 7 d, indicating that the first DTPA administration should be delivered as early as possible. DTPA treatment limited americium uptake in systemic tissues irrespective of the protocol. Liver and skeleton burdens were markedly reduced, which would drive reduction of radiation dose. Local or intravenous injections were equally effective. Inherent difficulties in wound site activity measurements did not allow identification of a significant decorporating effect at the wound site. Repeated intravenous injections of DTPA also increased americium urinary excretion, which supports the use of multiple DTPA administrations shortly after wound contamination. Results from these statistical analyses will contribute to a better understanding of americium behavior in the presence or absence of DTPA and may aid optimization of treatment for workers.
Outcomes of first 50 cases using a new pupil expander
Authors: Sheen-Ophir Shira , Wong John , Assia Ehud I. 
Published: February 2021

Purpose:
To describe the initial experience with the Assia Pupil Expander 200 (APX-200, APX Ophthalmology) in eyes that underwent phacoemulsification or intraocular lens repositioning surgery that required mechanical pupil expansion.

Setting:
Department of Ophthalmology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba, and Ein-Tal Eye Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Design:
Retrospective case series.

Methods:
The APX-200 is a single-use device, intended for mechanical expansion of the pupil during intraocular surgery. Two devices are inserted through 2 opposite 19-gauge incisions using designated forceps. The surgical course and early postoperative follow-up was recorded in 50 eyes.

Results:
The study included 50 consecutive eyes, with mean preoperative pupil diameter was 3.7 mm. The APX effectively dilated the pupils in all cases. No complication related to the use of the APX such as hyphema, iridodialysis, or Descemet membrane detachment were noted in this series. A central and round pupil was restored in all eyes at 1-month postoperatively, with 14 eyes (28%) having mild sphincter tears. Pupilloplasty was not required in any of the cases.

Conclusions:
The APX-200 was an effective and safe device for pupil expansion during intraocular surgery.
Comparison of refractive outcomes after combined cataract and glaucoma surgery: trabeculectomy and glaucoma drainage device implantation
Authors: Asano Shotaro , Koh Teck Chang Victor , Aquino Maria Cecilia , Lim Ka-Ann Dawn , Sng Chelvin Cheryl Anges , Loon Seng Chee , Chew Tec Kuan Paul 
Published: February 2021

Purpose:
To investigate the refractive outcome of combined cataract surgery and glaucoma drainage device (GDD) implantation compared with trabeculectomy and cataract surgery.

Setting:
Department of Ophthalmology, National University Health System, Singapore.

Design:
Retrospective cohort study.

Methods:
206 eyes were enrolled for analysis: 50 had combined cataract surgery and trabeculectomy (trabeculectomy group), 50 had combined cataract surgery and GDD implantation (GDD group), and 106 had cataract surgery alone (control group). Refractive prediction error and absolute prediction error of each glaucoma surgery group were compared with the control group. Subgroup analysis was performed in the following axial length (AL) subgroups: short (<22.5 mm), medium (≥22.5 to <25.5 mm), and long (≥25.5 mm).

Results:
In total, 206 eyes were examined. There was no statistically significant difference in the overall refractive prediction error between the GDD (0.00 ± 0.54 diopters [D]) and the control group (0.10 ± 0.53 D, P = .58). There was significant myopic refractive prediction error in the trabeculectomy group (−0.18 ± 0.88 D, P = .020). In eyes with short AL, a greater absolute prediction error was observed in the GDD group (−0.75 ± 0.43 D, P = .039).

Conclusions:
Apart from a significant deviation in short AL eyes, combined cataract surgery and GDD implantation demonstrated no significant postoperative refractive prediction error.
Impact of correlation of angle α with ocular biometry variables
Authors: Velasco-Barona Cecilio , Corredor-Ortega Claudia , Avendaño-Domínguez Argelia , Cervantes-Coste Guadalupe , Cantú-Treviño Mara P. , Gonzalez-Salinas Roberto 
Published: February 2021

Purpose:
To analyze the association between angle α and ocular biometry in the general population at a third-level ophthalmology hospital.

Setting:
Anterior Segment Surgery Department, Asociación para Evitar la Ceguera en México I.A.P., Mexico City, Mexico.

Design:
Prospective, cross-sectional study.

Methods:
Healthy subjects who attended the hospital for a comprehensive ophthalmological evaluation were examined, and general data were collected. A complete ophthalmological assessment and biomicroscopy evaluation were performed and biometry and clinical data were obtained, including visual acuity, axial length (AL), keratometry (K), white-to-white (WTW) measurement. An OPD-Scan III analyzer was used to assess both the angle α distance and biometry parameters.

Results:
74 eyes from the same number of patients were included; 43 (58.10%) were women. A statistically significant inverse correlation was found between the angle α and the AL (r = −0.585; P < .0001) and between the WTW distance and the mean K (r = 0.557; P < .0001). A significant correlation was found between the mean K and the angle α (r = 0.271; P = .019). A significant inverse correlation was observed regarding the WTW distance and angle α (r = −0.359; P = .001). By contrast, a direct correlation was evidenced between the WTW and the AL (r = 0.385; P = .0007).

Conclusions:
There was a significant inverse correlation between the AL and the angle α magnitude. Hyperopic patients demonstrated significantly higher angle α values when compared with those of myopic patients. In addition, hyperopic eyes with steeper mean K and lesser WTW distance were associated with an increased angle α.
Refractive and keratometric outcomes of supervised novice surgeon–performed limbal relaxing incisions: 1-year results
Authors: Riaz Kamran M. , Wang Li , Williams Blake , Dvorak Justin D. , Kloek Carolyn E. , Farooq Asim V. , Koch Douglas D. 
Published: February 2021

Purpose:
To report refractive and keratometric astigmatism outcomes of resident-performed limbal relaxing incisions (LRIs) during cataract surgery.

Setting:
Tertiary care academic teaching hospital.

Design:
Retrospective case series.

Methods:
The length, location, and number of LRIs were determined preoperatively using an online calculator. Variables studied were preoperative keratometry and postoperative uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity, refraction, and keratometry at 1-month, 3-month, and 12-month visits (POM1, POM3, and POM12, respectively). Subgroup analysis was performed on amount and type of astigmatism. The astigmatism double-angle plot tool and analysis of with-the-wound (WtW) and against-the-wound (AtW) changes were used to assess the effect of astigmatism correction at POM1, POM3, and POM12 visits.

Results:
In 118 eyes, a higher percentage of eyes demonstrated refractive astigmatism 0.25 diopter (D) or less, 0.50 D or less, 0.75D or less, and 1.0 D or less at POM1 and POM12 (all P < .05) compared with preoperative keratometric astigmatism. Subgroup analysis showed improvement in all groups and types of astigmatism (P < .01). Patients achieved a statistically significant reduction of keratometric astigmatism at POM1, POM3, and POM12 (all P ≤ .0001) relative to baseline, and changes differed significantly based on the preoperative amount of astigmatism (all P ≤ .0001, with greater reductions associated with higher baseline astigmatism) but not by location of the steep meridian. There were significant WtW-AtW changes at POM1, POM3, and POM12. Regression of effect after 1 month was approximately 0.11 D.

Conclusions:
Resident-performed LRIs achieved effective and sustained reduction of both refractive and keratometric astigmatism regardless of meridian or magnitude of astigmatism for at least 1 year postoperatively.
Adjustment of intraocular lens tilt during intrascleral fixation assisted by intraoperative OCT
Authors: Fukumoto Ryuki , Inoue Makoto , Ishida Tomoka , Koto Takashi , Hirakata Akito 
Published: February 2021

Purpose:
To evaluate the efficacy of using intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT) to adjust the tilting of an intraocular lens (IOL) during implantation with intrascleral fixation.

Setting:
Kyorin University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Design:
Retrospective, case–control, single-center study.

Methods:
Thirty-seven eyes of 37 patients who had undergone pars plana vitrectomy with intrascleral fixation of an IOL by a single surgeon were retrospectively studied. The length of the externalized haptics was determined when the anterior surface of the IOL was parallel to the plane of the iris as observed by iOCT. The maximal IOL tilt relative to the visual axis and to the iris plane was measured by anterior segment OCT (CASIA2; Tomey Corp.).

Results:
Intraoperative crosssectional OCT (RESCAN 700: Carl Zeiss Meditec AG) scans were used to adjust the degree of IOL tilt in 23 eyes (iOCT group) and not used in 14 eyes (control group). The maximal angle of IOL tilt relative to the visual axis was significantly smaller in the iOCT group than that in the control group (5.45 ± 2.63 degrees vs 10.38 ± 10.48 degrees, P = .034). The maximal angle of the IOL tilt to the iris plane was also significantly smaller in the iOCT group than that in the control group (4.58 ± 1.86 degrees vs 9.60 ± 10.82 degrees; P = .040). The distance of decentration was greater in the iOCT group (0.56 ± 0.29 mm) than that of the control group (0.41 ± 0.41 mm, P = .005).

Conclusions:
Intraoperative OCT can be used to adjust the degree of IOL tilt to reduce the lenticular astigmatism during intrascleral fixation surgery.