bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oceanic imaginaries in film and development: lenses of collaboration
Authors:   , Puka Tagimamao 
Published: December 2021

<p>Cultural expression and culture have informed the formulation of development outcomes and processes, with varying success. Historically, this has occurred incidentally to mainstream development priorities such as primary education and health, and food security. In recent decades have, however, international institutions have come to recognise the importance of culture to development both as an area of development as well as something which informs development planning and processes. Often, the cultural development agenda, where driven by institutions, has been largely for instrumental purposes. Thus far, there has been an emphasis in research on the relative absence of culture from development definitions and processes. This thesis investigates the ways that film and film-making processes are contributing to a range of social and cultural outcomes in Oceania, and how these processes could be envisaged as contributing to a broader cultural development agenda. Using qualitative methods, this research examines how the regional imaginary is being practiced in different ways by film communities by drawing on several film projects across the region. This is couched in a discussion which examines the role of indigenous film as part of the global decolonisation agenda. It also highlights the importance of film as a means of decolonising identities and social practice. This research reveals the diverse motivations for collaborative kinships in film. These in turn demonstrate how understandings of relationships between individuals and communities can be enable horizontal development. This demonstrates the tension between dominant understandings of development and regionalism. This research also highlights how film kinships, informed by regional connections, are collaborating to grow film-making in Oceania. Using an intersectional framework drawing on scholarship from post-development theory and Pacific Studies, this research seeks to broaden the way that development is framed and practiced. While it is critical of some mainstream development tendencies – in policy formulation and practice – this research seeks to highlight how diverse and numerousapproaches are important. This research draws together an analysis of collaboration in film practice and endeavours to address inequalities in voice and representation of Oceanian peoples in film. It shows the contribution that film can make to expansive understandings of development in Oceania.</p>
Printing People. Heterogeneous Multi-Property Printing of Humanoid Anatomics
Authors:   , Whitham Samantha 
Published: December 2021

<p>Film and television (TV) have been a way to view unthinkable worlds for many years. Physical props are a fundamental part of many films as they help to portray the story in the real world, which results in a more believable experience for the audience. The technology used in the production of props and creatures has evolved with the changes in the manufacturing process to allow for more computer-controlled designs. This begs the question; what could multi-property, 3D/4D printing bring to the way the film prop manufacturing industry creates physical props? Printing in the fourth dimension (dynamic) is a relatively new concept and is being researched by leading 3D printing companies. This area of study has yet to apply the four-dimensional (4D) capabilities of multi-property printing to the creation of heterogeneous humanoid anatomic’s. Heterogeneous 3D printing is the combination of multiple elements and material qualities in one print, which is possible by using the Stratasys J750 Polyjet printer. This printer allows for both hard and soft components to be incorporated into one design by blending the full-colour hard Vero material with soft, translucent Agilus material. The final humanoid objects have varying material hardness throughout the design, representing the different densities and materiality that is found in the finger joint. By taking the basic parameters of a section of human anatomy, the ability to create a creature by merely changing the size, colour, or the number of joints is achievable. With this technology, the ability to rapidly produce and easily edited final on-screen props is possible.</p>
Building people up: Leadership and employee resilience
Authors:   , Franken Esmé 
Published: December 2021

<p>This mixed method research, in the area of HR and leadership, explores leadership behaviours that foster employee resilience. Resilience is a key capacity in contexts where job demands and challenges are often dynamic and complex, such as in the public sector. This research uses a contemporary definition of resilience, one that views employee resilience as a set of behaviours that help people grow and develop in their jobs, even in the face of challenges. Two questions guide this research: 1. What leadership behaviours enable employee resilience in the public sector?, and 2. How do these behaviours enable employee resilience? This study is situated in the public sector context. The research consists of five phases. The first phase was a cross-sectional survey of public servants’ views on whether paradoxical leadership behaviours, mediated by perceptions of organisational support, might foster resilience. These connections reflect the correspondence between paradoxical leadership and the dilemmas and paradoxes that arise in public sector work. Phases two and three concerned a series of qualitative studies which identified further leadership behaviours, as well as possible mechanisms and outcomes, and generated an explanatory framework to illustrate how managers can enable employee resilience. This led to the development of the construct resilience-enabling leadership. Phase four gathered feedback on the construct’s validity so that it could be tested quantitatively in a scale. The fifth and final phase tested the resilience-enabling leadership scale (RELS) as a predictor of resilience. It also tested psychometric properties of the scale, including factor structure, and discriminant and convergent validity. Findings show that a unique combination of leadership behaviours that foster growth, trust and collaboration in employees, is likely to play a pivotal role in developing employee resilience. The RELS is an innovative contribution to organisational scholarship. It represents a leadership model that recognises the changing nature of leadership and responds to the development needs of employees.</p>
Developing a photometric estimate of quasar redshifts: An independent measurement of the distances to the most powerful objects in the Universe
Authors:   , Moss Jeremy 
Published: December 2021

<p>While spectroscopy is the standard method of measuring the redshift of luminous objects, it is a time-intensive technique, requiring, in some cases, hours of telescope time for a single source. Additionally, spectroscopy favours brighter objects, and therefore introduces an intrinsic bias towards luminous or closer sources. A simple method of estimating the redshift through photometry would prove invaluable to forthcoming surveys on the next generation of large radio telescopes, as well as alleviating the inherent bias towards the most optically bright sources. While there is a well-established correlation between the near-infrared K-band magnitude and redshift for galaxies, we find that the K-z relation breaks down for samples dominated by quasi-stellar objects (QSOs). Current methods of estimating photometric redshift rely either on template spectra, which requires a high number of infrared photometry points, or computationally intensive machine learning methods. Using photometric data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) we investigate the relationship between combinations of magnitudes of a group of quasars, and their redshift. We find a high correlation between the colour relation (I-W2)/(W3-U) and redshift for a group of broad-line emission sources from the SDSS, and we conclude that this could be a robust estimator of the redshift.</p>
Spaces of cross-cultural encounter
Authors:   , McNeill Emma 
Published: December 2021

<p>The landscape of cultural relations in Aotearoa is complex and entangled. While academics and policy makers imagine Aotearoa as a multicultural society, there is a lack of understanding of how cultural diversity is lived every day in Aotearoa. There is an emerging literature on the geographies of encounter. This encourages us to address the historical predicament of how we are to live together in increasingly super diverse communities by considering the existing everyday negotiations of difference. This thesis contributes to that literature by undertaking a case study of Newtown, Wellington, in order to: 1) understand where Newtown residents and employees experience cross-cultural social interactions; and 2) what type of places help encourage positive cross-cultural interactions. Through this I explore how cross-cultural encounters and exchanges might be encouraged. Q-methodology was used to investigate locations of cross-cultural social interactions, I conducted and analysed 23 Q-sorts with Newtown, Wellington residents and local employees. I argue that places of cross-cultural encounter take many forms. The identification of these places is closely linked to participants’ characteristics, such as socioeconomic position, and age. The participants in this study represent diverse Newtown. They have diverse socialising practices and identify a wide range of positive places for cross-cultural interactions. In conjunction with this people understand and experience encounters with cultural diversity differently. I argue that an encounter across cultural difference is not limited to an explicit interaction but can also be through the sharing of space and engagement in similar activities. I also argue for the importance of space in cross-cultural encounters; certain spatial and material qualities of spaces appear to animate cross-cultural social interaction. This research argues that: engagement in cross-cultural interactions is often mediated by other identifiers, that everyday multiculturalism is demographically complex, and that the materiality and spatially of spaces is effectual in animating these interactions.</p>
Knowledge Diffusion and the Dynamics of Citation Accrual
Authors:   , Higham Kyle William 
Published: December 2021

<p>The diffusion of knowledge through society proceeds like an invisible ripple that moves between agents through multiple information channels. However, some types of knowledge are recorded, systematised and digitised for the benefit of everyone. Patents and academic articles are examples of such codified knowledge. These documents also contain a common element that is utilised for linking new and established knowledge: citations. This thesis harnesses citations in patents and scientific articles as proxies for signifying the existence of knowledge flows between cited and citing documents, focusing primarily on the dynamics of citation accumulation and the mechanisms governing these dynamics. For this purpose, it is helpful to think of patents and their citations as nodes and links, respectively, in a network where new nodes join the network and distribute their citations among existing nodes. This mode of thinking leads directly to the question: How does the citation network grow? This thesis addresses that question both empirically and theoretically. Two mechanisms that can explain much of the observed citation dynamics are preferential attachment and node ageing. The former mechanism reflects the tendency for successful nodes (by citation count) to become even more successful, while the latter captures the propensity for knowledge to become obsolete over time. The independence of these phenomena is nontrivial, but has generally been assumed. We put this assumption to the test for both patent and scientific-article citation networks and found it to be generally true if precautions are taken to account for important context surrounding the meaning of citations. Achieving a clear separation of these mechanisms is found to be very useful both mathematically and empirically, as they can now be studied independently. Patents are particularly sophisticated documents, with various components holding specific legal meanings. Associating certain properties of these components with popularity in the form of citation accrual creates a rare opportunity to build a framework that can identify ex-ante node fitnesses and examine their effect on the growth of a citation network. We find that a significant portion of the preferential-attachment process observed in the patent-citation network can be attributed to basic properties of patents determined by their time of grant. Besides suggesting novel approaches towards estimating patent quality, the results of our work also provide a platform for gaining a deeper understanding of the various mechanisms that underpin the success-breeds-success dynamics ubiquitously observed in complex systems.</p>
The negotiator's assembly line
Authors:   , Lee Victor 
Published: December 2021

<p>This thesis explores how a weaker negotiating party may be able to effectively manage information as a tool to leverage power imbalances in negotiations. Although these imbalances may never be completely resolved, the effective management of information will enable the weaker party to stack their advantages in their favour to increase their chances for a fairer outcome. The thesis will look at the management of information through the phases of gathering, processing and conveying information. It is proposed that these phases are managed by three specific professionals, the analytical investigator, the innovative inventor and the diplomatic salesperson. These archetypes personify certain attributes that a negotiator can evoke when extracting applicable intelligence from raw information to use in negotiation discussions. The intention is for raw information to be processed as applicable intelligence through these phases in an assembly-line fashion to produce options for mutual gain for the negotiating parties. In the process of establishing this assembly line, the thesis will also explore the interplay between competitive and collaborative negotiation strategies. With this exploration, a negotiator may be able to be integrate these strategies to negotiate on both bargaining and problem-solving platforms using the Negotiator’s Assembly Line.</p>
Population Genetics of New Zealand Nemadactylus macropterus (tarakihi) and Characterisation of their Mitochondrial Genome
Authors:   , Halliwell Alexander 
Published: December 2021

<p>Nemadactylus macropterus, commonly known as tarakihi in New Zealand is highly regarded by commercial and recreational fishers and considered a taonga by iwi and customary fisheries. For many years N. macropterus was New Zealand’s second most important commercial catch and is currently the third most valuable inshore commercial finfish fishery in which 90% is consumed by the domestic market. However, despite the apparent importance, relatively little is known about the population structure of the N. macropterus. In 2017 the first fully quantitative stock assessment was conducted on the east coast N. macropterus fisheries as one stock. Alarmingly, the east coast fishery was estimated to be 15.9% of the unexploited spawning biomass and predicted to have been declining for the past thirty years. In an effort to rebuild the fishery, several rebuild plans have been purposed and commercial catch limits have been reduced. In order to rebuild and successfully manage a viable future N. macropterus fishery, an understanding of demographic connectivity and genetic connectivity among N. macropterus populations is essential. The overall goal of this thesis research was to investigate the population genetic structure, genetic diversity and demographic history of N. macropterus using fish sampled from around New Zealand. This was achieved by analysing hyper variable region one of mitochondrial DNA for 370 N. macropterus collected from 14 locations. No genetic differentiation was observed among the 14 locations, an indication that N. macropterus have a panmictic genetic structure. Furthermore, N. macropterus display a relatively high level of genetic diversity and appear to have a large stable population with a long evolutionary history. The Bayesian skyline analysis indicates the N. macropterus historic population has gone through two expansions. The mostly likely cause of this is an expansion before and after the last glacial maximum. The genetic diversity and demographic history of N. sp was also studied using samples collected from around the Three Kings Islands of New Zealand. The complete mitochondrial genome of N. macropterus was reconstructed from bulk DNA sequencing data and a set of specific mtDNA primers were developed to amplify hyper variable region one. The DNA sequencing data provided by these primers with the addition of published control region sequences was used to reconstruct the Nemadactylus phylogeny.</p>
We Can Be Heroes: A Study of Mythistoric Genealogies in the Roman Republic
Authors:   , Thomas Steven 
Published: December 2021

<p>Mythistoric genealogies, the claims of divine or heroic ancestry made by the Roman elite during the Republic, provide an alternative lens through which to understand social constructs and political experiences of Romans. However, the relationship between mos maiorum and these mythistoric genealogies remains unexplored in modern scholarship in a detailed and focused manner. This research sets out to demonstrate that mythistoric genealogies were a natural evolution of the Romans’ ancestral veneration which is implicit in mos maiorum. This thesis focuses on three of the most politically prolific gentes whose social influence spanned the 500 years of the Republic. First, each case study assembles and analyses the evidence (numismatics, literature, sculpture and architecture) that preserved the claims made by each gens and arranges them in such a way as to furnish a linear account of the genealogies. Second, each case study presents and analyses a member of each gens to demonstrate how he exemplifies, retains, or emulates the attributes, instructions and morality of their described genealogy. The historical person is analysed through the lenses of mythistoric genealogy, Paradigmatic Pressure, and Social Capital. The three case studies demonstrate that the clans of Aemilius, Fabius, and Valerius used their mythistoric genealogies to anchor themselves to the majesty of Rome’s past and that mythistoric genealogy was an integral part of mos maiorum. Furthermore, the connection of mythistoric genealogy, as an evolved element of mos maiorum, is emphasised through the following factors: they serve an educational function; serve as binding instructions; display the retention of events, lives and deeds of heroes; serve as examples meant for the emulation of the past morality; and, finally, can be shaped and reconstructed to suit present situations or political agendas. The results of this research contributes directly to the ongoing discussion of mos maiorum, discusses the social concepts held by elite Romans during the Republic, demonstrates how inter-generational connections were crucial to ideals held by the nobiles, and engages with mos maiorum in-depth (in terms of myth and legend) in a way that has not been done in a ‘per gens’ manner in scholarship, filling a gap in the study of social history during the Republic.</p>
The protection of consumers in rest homes - time for a change?
Authors:   , Martell Frederik 
Published: December 2021

<p>This dissertation examines the statutory protection of elderly consumers in rest homes and makes several proposals of how to improve their protection. The dissertation compares New Zealand’s legislation with the existing rest home related legislation in Australia and Germany to improve New Zealand’s regulations. At first, the dissertation characterises elderly consumers as a consumer group with special vulnerabilities. According to the dissertation several reasons can be identified, which justify regulatory intervention in favour of the elderly. Secondly, the dissertation gives an overview of the relevant rest home legislation in New Zealand, Australia and Germany. In the later chapters the dissertation examines the existing information obligations, and the statutory protection of elderly consumers during the implementation and at the time of the termination of a rest home contract. The author argues that many of the existing consumer protection measures are not specifically tailored for consumers in rest homes and, therefore, do not ensure comprehensive protection. Furthermore, the author identifies several gaps in protection and proposes to introduce targeted new protection measures to close these gaps. Subsequently, the dissertation considers the access to justice for elderly consumers. The author states that the existing system offers some advantages but is far from being perfect. He speaks in favour of establishing a new Commissioner who is responsible for the issues of elderly consumers and the enhancement of their legal position. Lastly and on the basis of the previous outcomes, the author recommends creating a new piece of legislation specifically tailored for the protection of elderly consumers in rest homes to implement all the proposed changes. In the author’s opinion a new Act could build on the existing consumer protection measures but should also improve them to ensure the best protection possible. The author also outlines how a code of practice should be put in place, which sets out minimum requirements.</p>
The Effect of Suspended Sediment Loads on the Growth, Oxygen Consumption and Mucus Production of Pāua (Haliotis iris)
Authors:   , Raea Taputukura 
Published: December 2021

<p>Land based-effects, including sedimentation are threatening estuarine and coastal systems globally. Ecological systems are faced with significant pressures from human activities including toxic pollution, eutrophication, habitat fragmentation and sedimentation. In recent years sediment inputs into marine systems have been greatly accelerated through land-based activities such as urban-land use, agriculture, coastal developments, large scale land clearances and farming. Effects of sedimentation on marine organisms include suffocation, reduced foraging efficiency and clogging of the gills of filter feeders. In New Zealand, sedimentation is the most important land-based stressor on the coastal marine environment. The pāua (Haliotis iris), is an important macroalgal grazer and is one of New Zealand’s top 10 seafood exports. However, little is known about the effects suspended sediments have on H. iris. The aim of this thesis is to experimentally test the effects of suspended sediment on the growth, oxygen consumption and mucus production for H. iris, using sediment concentrations that would naturally occur within Wellington Harbour, New Zealand. Suspended sediment had no significant effect on H. iris growth or oxygen consumption. However, exposure to suspended sediments significantly reduced mucus production in H. iris. There were also trends in the data to suggest that respiration in smaller H. iris was reduced by suspended sediments. Limited studies have explored the effect of suspended sediments on gastropods, even though sedimentation is one of the most significant land based stressors on the marine environment, not only in New Zealand, but also worldwide. This study has led to a better understanding of the potential implications suspended sediment may incur for not only H. iris, but also Haliotis species in general.</p>