bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparing for Social Action: A Case Study from Zambia on the Relationship Between Religious Knowledge and Development
Authors:   , Skeaff Laura 
Published: November 2021

<p>This study is based on two premises: the centrality of knowledge to processes of development and the centrality of spirituality and religion to the lives of the majority of the world’s population. It is through the generation and application of knowledge that communities and societies progress, and for many this change involves “a dynamic coherence between the spiritual and the material” (Tyndale, 2003, p. 23). Religion can be regarded as a system of knowledge, based upon the sacred texts that lie at the heart of the world’s major religions, addressing aspects of spiritual reality. Historically, religious knowledge in development has been marginalised or discredited; secularism has been identified as the normative, rational position. This position has increasingly been challenged over the last decade, which has witnessed a ‘global resurgence in religion’ (Berger, 1999). A growing number of voices are calling for serious engagement with religion in development. This research sets out to explore some of the questions raised in an emerging discourse between religion and development by engaging with religion as a system of knowledge that informs development theory and practice. The work focuses on a Bahá’í-inspired organisation in Zambia as a case study. Inshindo Foundation offers an education for development programme, Preparation for Social Action, that emphasizes harmony between the material and spiritual in processes of development. Over a ten-week period in 2010, I used qualitative methods to investigate the conceptions and experiences of PSA students and tutors in relation to their participation in the programme. The findings highlight the potential role of religious knowledge and spiritual values to inform and motivate individual action for change and sustain commitment and effort to achieve collective goals. This makes an important contribution to understandings of how to promote participatory development. At the level of theory, the findings draw attention to a vision of development based on spiritual values and principles that is fundamentally different from mainstream conceptions.</p>
How 'Social' Are New Zealand Public Libraries?: An Evaluation of the Use of Social Media for Relationship Marketing
Authors:   , Henjyoji Diane 
Published: November 2021

<p>Introduction: The use of social media by businesses to communicate with their customers and to encourage repeat business is growing. Are New Zealand public libraries strategically employing social media in order to develop relationships with their users for the purpose of marketing the library? Aim: To determine which New Zealand public libraries are using social media. Also to determine the extent to which some New Zealand public libraries are optimizing their use of social media to create relationships with their users. Methods: Four public libraries in New Zealand were selected, based on their active social media presence on Facebook, Twitter and blogs. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to examine the Facebook posts, Tweets and blog posts as well as the comments and library replies. Topsy (Topsy.com) was used to locate some of the Tweets. Information about the library users that communicated with the library using SM was obtained by examining Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter accounts and user blogs/websites, as well as the search engine Google and the New Zealand White Pages.The use of three social media tools by four New Zealand public libraries in urban areas was examined for evidence of strategy and purpose, particularly in enhancing their relationships with their users. Results: The four New Zealand public libraries in urban centres were found to be using social media, but not always strategically. Each of the libraries applied aspects of social media optimization to use one tool more effectively than the other available tools.</p>
Developing the Fringe Routing Protocol
Authors:   , Shepherd Deb 
Published: November 2021

<p>An ISP style network often has a particular traffic pattern not typically seen in other networks and which is a direct result of the ISP’s purpose, to connect internal clients with a high speed external link. Such a network is likely to consist of a backbone with the clients on one ‘side’ and one or more external links on the other. Most traffic on the network moves between an internal client and the external world via the backbone. But what about traffic between two clients of the ISP? Typical routing protocols will find the ‘best’ path between the two gateway routers at the edge of the client stub networks. As these routers connect the stubs to the ISP core, this route should be entirely within the ISP network. Ideally, from the ISP point of view, this traffic will go up to the backbone and down again but it is possible that it may find another route along a redundant backup path. Don Stokes of Knossos Networks has developed a protocol to sit on the client fringes of this ISP style of network. It is based on the distance vector algorithm and is intended to be subordinate to the existing interior gateway protocol running on the ISPs backbone. It manipulates the route cost calculation so that paths towards the backbone become very cheap and paths away from the backbone become expensive. This forces traffic in the preferred direction unless the backup path ‘shortcut’ is very attractive or the backbone link has disappeared. It is the analysis and development of the fringe routing protocol that forms the content of this ME thesis.</p>
The Clarinet as Extension of the Voice and Expressive Conduit of Musical Styles in Diverse Ensembles
Authors:   , Rainey Lucy 
Published: November 2021

<p>Original research into the links between vocal and clarinet tone reveals how clarinettists act as expressive conduits of musical styles in diverse ensembles. This research is relevant to musicologists and anthropologists as well as clarinettists and composers, who wish to gain an understanding of the vocal links in clarinet playing, and how clarinettists function in socio-musical contexts. Research is mainly based on Musicology and Music Education (vocal-clarinet links), and also refers to sources in Anthropology (musical identity), and Ethnomusicology (music in ensembles) in order to find some insightful connections. Ethnographic fieldwork is based on four professional freelance clarinettists in four different ensembles in Wellington, New Zealand. Their function in western art and contemporary art music, jazz and klezmer music is explored, to discover how these clarinettists extend, mirror, partner, or replace the voice in these musical contexts. Additional work undertaken on bodymind integration is designed to complement the musical identity work in the thesis and to enhance the musicianship and physical wellbeing of clarinettists. The section on clarinet design illustrates how different combinations of instruments and mouthpieces can vary the tone quality of the clarinet and enhance individual playing styles. The research shows that due to the versatility and flexibility of the instrument, clarinettists are able to transcend gender, ethnic, and ensemble boundaries, to take on leadership roles and to act as expressive conduits of musical styles in and between diverse ensembles. The outcome of the research highlights the intersection between the physiological relationship between the voice and the clarinet and scholarship on musical identity.</p>
"It‘s Hard to Keep Track": Mapping a Shifting Nation in Dylan Horrocks‘s Hicksville
Authors:   , Clayton Hamish 
Published: November 2021

<p>Using an art form that justifiably lays claim to both visual and literary genealogies—the graphic novel—Dylan Horrocks's Hicksville advances, rather than strictly challenges, many of the discussions which have informed the local manufacture of art and literature. My purpose in this thesis is to explore Horrocks's deployment of the critical perspectives of both art historical and literary discourse as they have developed from the pre-colonial to the twenty-first century in New Zealand, especially those associated with cultural nationalism. Hicksville claims a particular relation to the existing traditions within both art-historical and literary lines wherein they are conjoined in practice; integrated into the formal properties of Horrocks's work, the traditional concerns of local art and literature are not only subject matter but guide Horrocks‘s approach to narrative. The tension between art and place—the responsibility of the artist to the nation and its referents—appears in Hicksville as a structuring device rather than polemic via its concern with the economisation of art—or global capitalism—as it bears upon particular places and art practices. Yet Horrocks‘s handling of this theme upholds neither aestheticism nor populism. Rather, he invites the reader to make sense of extensive references to a range of artistic figures, from Heaphy to Hergé to Hotere, in a way that accounts for their equal force. Hicksville thus deliberately destabilises the joint histories of art and literary history to pointed effect, valuing its range of artistic and cultural inheritances—whether the visual or literary, the highbrow or lowbrow—for how they can remind us that contemporary artistic accounts of New Zealand must also consider the various ways the country has been constructed throughout its wider</p>
Essays on the Interaction Between Risk and Market Structure in Electricity Markets
Authors:   , Fiuza de Braganca Gabriel Godofredo 
Published: November 2021

<p>This thesis proposes a new framework to jointly analyze electricity spot market and hedging decisions in an oligopolistic setup. Firstly, we find that, when exogenous, both quantity of electricity hedged by contract and vertical integration decrease the equilibrium spot price. Secondly, we use a hybrid approach and show that market structure can affect a generator’s decision to vertically integrate under uncertain demand. Thirdly, we consider uncertainty in costs and demand and show that concentration in the spot market, for a given hedge quantum, can increase forward prices and affect the slope of the forward curve. Our empirical results indicate that the model fits the New Zealand electricity market well. This evidence that market structure and hedging decisions are closely connected is further explored in a three period equilibrium model for the spot and forward markets, where hedging occurs prior to the submission of supply curves. Taking into account demand-side and supply-side uncertainties, we find that when hedging is endogenous, hedging quantities are affected by spot market parameters, but market power is itself mitigated in the conscious hedging choice of generators. We also show that forward markets can coexist with highly vertically integrated markets. The importance of our results is general. Our models can be used by policy makers to analyze investment and forward price implications of changes in the spot market structure. Our results also indicate that electricity generators, in equilibrium, face a trade-off between market power and hedging. Given that it is socially beneficial to manage risk, the equilibrium impact of their choices on welfare should not be considered in isolation by competition authorities.</p>
The Application of Stakeholder Networking Theory for Strategic Planning in the New Zealand Public Sector
Authors:   , Proctor Louise Anne 
Published: November 2021

<p>The New Zealand public sector is facing an increasingly pluralistic stakeholder landscape due to a range of political, economic, social, and technological factors, all of which require public sector organisations to develop new ways of understanding and responding to diverse and complex stakeholder needs. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate whether the theory of stakeholder networking can contribute to strategic planning in the public sector, to assist organisations in planning to meet strategic goals and ultimately move toward their strategic direction. A qualitative research approach, known as participatory action research, was adopted. This required strong involvement with the two sample organisations, contributing to the development and application of the stakeholder networking process and also to the findings. Information gathering occurred through a variety of methods including focus groups, team meetings, interviews, document analysis and workshops. A Stakeholder Networking Framework is proposed as an approach for public sector organisations to apply stakeholder networking theory in practice, which takes into account the key issues participants raised during application. Three primary uses of stakeholder networking theory for strategic planning were found, including a means for providing greater clarity to the stakeholder context surrounding strategic issues, identification of potential relationship strategies to meet strategic goals, and assisting with the prioritisation of stakeholders. The Stakeholder Networking Framework has purposefully been developed in a way that is non-prescriptive and flexible, enabling it to be adapted by managers to suit the context specific needs of their organisation during application. Managers can then use the stakeholder network maps as outputs of the process to inform relationship management activities and strategic decision making. This thesis fills a gap in the literature that provides practical research to public sector organisations and managers on how to integrate a stakeholder networking perspective into their strategic planning processes. It addresses common concerns that arise when trying to deliver such objectives in practice, drawing on the practical considerations of organisations' day-to-day realities.</p>
“To Leaven the Lump”: A Critical History of the Anglican Pacifist Fellowship in New Zealand
Authors:   , Mather Zane 
Published: November 2021

<p>This thesis is an interpretation of the history and character of the Anglican Pacifist Fellowship in New Zealand (NZAPF). It focuses on accounting for the limited growth and influence of the Fellowship upon New Zealand’s largest Christian denomination, and on the continuing marginality of the pacifist position. Throughout its history, the organisation has sought to convince others within the Anglican Church that an absolutist, politically engaged and non-anarchistic pacifism is the truest Christian response to the problem of modern warfare. This has been attempted primarily through efforts at education aimed at both clergy and laity. The thesis argues that the NZAPF has been characterised by a commitment to absolute doctrinaire pacifism, despite ongoing tensions between this position and more pragmatic considerations. Overall, the NZAPF attracted only a small group of members throughout its history, and it exerted a limited demonstrable influence on the Anglican Church. This thesis analyses the reasons for this, focusing especially on those factors which arose from the nature of the NZAPF itself, the character of its pacifism, and the relationship between the NZAPF and its primary target audience, the Anglican Church in New Zealand. The research is based on literature and correspondence from the NZAPF as well as personal communication with extant members, where this was feasible. It additionally draws on a range of relevant secondary literature on Christian pacifism, and the history of the Anglican Church and the peace movement in New Zealand.</p>
Ki te Taumata: a Personal Journey into the Multiple Identities of Academically High Achieving Māori Girls
Authors:   , MacDonald Liana 
Published: November 2021

<p>This thesis investigates the multiple identities of four academically high achieving, Māori girls negotiated in one English Medium mainstream schooling environment. The study sought to determine how these young women have grown to define and develop diverse understandings of what it means to “be Māori” and “high achieving” within this context. The metaphor of plotting a path from the foothills to the peak of a mountain is used to describe the journey that the participants of this study, and I as a researcher, undertook during this process. Participating in this journey were 13 travellers; four academically high achieving Māori girls, four caregivers and four of the girls’ friends. I also identify myself as a Māori female researcher as a traveller since I tell a story that has attempted to be transparent and personal. This case study was guided by Kaupapa Māori research protocols (Smith, 1999; Bishop & Glynn, 2003) and Personal Experience methodology (Clandinin & Connelly, 1994). Such protocols were useful in enabling me to tell this research story. However, this was not the research journey I expected to take when I first set off. Through this inquiry process I learned about the influence of society and colonisation on the construction of identity. I learned how pressures and stereotypes, aligned with socialisation processes, lie beneath our consciousness and inform our individual and collective identities. The conversations with fellow participants of the study highlight the limitations in our understanding of what it means to be Māori and achieve educational success “as Māori” amongst contemporary youth today. The findings of this study suggest that multiple complex Māori identities exist amongst contemporary Māori youth. Further research and discussion about what it means to “be Māori” needs to occur to ensure that we cater for the needs of all Māori learners. Recommendations include establishing a professional development programme for teachers to address the way knowledge is constructed and perpetuated in a contemporary, postcolonial society. A focus on motivation, gender, indigeneity and special/gifted abilities was not investigated in this thesis.</p>
Don't Poo-Poo the Toilet: Architectural Contributions to Human Waste
Authors:   , Rickards Micah 
Published: November 2021

<p>Eliminating waste is a natural bodily function, common to all, yet its protocols are evidence of a strange discomfort in society. This thesis investigates the ways in which this discomfort manifests in the architecture of the toilet, suggesting in the process that the toilet is space that is more significant than the architecture profession might acknowledge. A toilet and its accompanying infrastructure are not typically considered architecture. While a necessary feature of a building, a typical toilet must be discrete, private, with an emphasis on functionality; any particular design flair - unless it is of service to concealment - is considered unusual. Such architectural tendencies cannot be separated from attitudes to excrement, which is generally considered disgusting, worthless or dangerous. These negative attitudes are not strictly scientific or rational in their foundation ; instead, attitudes to excrement and the toilet are culture and context specific. Accordingly, the architecture of the toilet in the West is neither inherently 'correct', nor 'desirable'- rather, it is the product of specifically Western perceptions of waste, which are shrouded in negativity. In this light, this thesis argues that the architecture of the toilet should not be viewed as an unquestionable norm. Instead, the profession should be considering its responsibility to interrogate the place of waste in our society. Don't poo-poo the toilet: architectural contributions to human waste reveals that the toilet is an architectural manifestation of broader societal attitudes towards what is considered dirty. The toilet unifies all of human kind at a common, base level, and yet it reveals much about how the human world is divided into categories of clean and dirty, proper and improper, good and bad. This thesis thus offers a lens for viewing the world we live in, through the dirt of this architecturally neglected space.</p>
Intelligence-Friendly Environments: a Study of New Zealand Primary School Classroom Design in Relation to Multiple Intelligences Theory
Authors:   , Alsaif Fatimah 
Published: November 2021

<p>Education of young children has been the focus of academic research for many years. However, the impact of educational settings on the effectiveness of classroom instruction and learning progress is largely unconsidered. Multiple intelligence theory (MI) postulates that different types of intelligence affect our ability to learn and that educational programs should be accommodated to each learning style. The present study takes this approach a step further, by proposing that MI elements could be incorporated into classroom design, thus enabling students with different preferences to learn more effectively. Therefore the aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of New Zealand existing primary classroom settings in relation to the theory of multiple intelligences. This includes proposing possible improvements to the interior design of classrooms with the aim of enhancing children’s learning potential. The thesis includes a case study of four classrooms conducted through: (a) interviewing the classroom users −four teachers and twenty students aged 9-11; (b) observing the daily use of existing classroom settings; and (c) surveying the design of the existing classrooms. The key findings of the study are that most users have a very positive view of their traditional classroom settings but that at present MI theory is not strongly supported by the settings observed in the four classrooms. Classrooms mainly support linguistic and logical-mathematical intelligences, whilst other intelligences are treated as secondary or complementary activities. However, MI settings - proposed by the researcher- are often already present in the classrooms or are suggested and/ or recommended by at least one user. The key conclusions of this study are that: (1) case study classrooms settings support mainly traditional views of intelligence and teaching; (2) applying MI theory to classroom designs could lead to more efficiency in learning environments; and (3) New Zealand schools could benefit from applying the different MI settings. Thus the study identifies the need to further evaluate cultural implications of MI theory in New Zealand culture. In addition, further studies need to integrate space saving furniture into single classrooms, allowing for more effective MI settings.</p>