bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling the efficacy of CRISPR gene drive for schistosomiasis control
Authors: Grewelle Richard E. , Perez-Saez Javier , Tycko Josh , Namigai Erica K.O. , Rickards Chloe G. , De Leo Giulio A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCRISPR gene drives could revolutionize the control of infectious diseases by accelerating the spread of engineered traits that limit parasite transmission in wild populations. While much effort has been spent developing gene drives in mosquitoes, gene drive technology in molluscs has received little attention despite the role of freshwater snails as obligate, intermediate hosts of parasitic flukes causing schistosomiasis – a disease of poverty affecting more than 200 million people worldwide. A successful drive in snails must overcome self-fertilization, which prevents a drive’s spread. Simultaneous hermaphroditism is a feature of snails – distinct from gene drive model organisms – and is not yet incorporated in gene drive models of disease control. Here we developed a novel population genetic model accounting for snails’ sexual and asexual reproduction, susceptibility to parasite infection regulated by multiple alleles, fitness differences between genotypes, and a range of drive characteristics. We then integrated this model with an epidemiological model of schistosomiasis transmission and snail population dynamics. Simulations showed that gene drive establishment can be hindered by a variety of biological and ecological factors, including selfing. However, our model suggests that, under a range of conditions, gene drive mediated immunity in snails could maintain rapid disease reduction achieved by annual chemotherapy treatment of the human population, leading to long-term elimination. These results indicate that gene drives, in coordination with existing public health measures, may become a useful tool to reduce schistosomiasis burden in selected transmission settings with effective CRISPR construct design and close evaluation of the genetic and ecological landscape.
Polarization and cell-fate decision facilitated by the adaptor Ste50 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Sharmeen Nusrat , Law Chris , Wu Cunle 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn response to pheromone, many proteins localize on the plasma membrane of yeast cell to reform it into a polarized shmoo structure. The adaptor protein Ste50, long known as a pheromone signal enhancer critical for shmoo polarization, has never been explored systematically for its localization and function in the polarization process. Time-lapse single-cell imaging and quantitation shown here characterizes Ste50p involvement in the establishment of cell polarity. We found early localization of Ste50p patches on the cell cortex that mark the point of shmoo initiation, these polarity sites move, and patches remain associated with the growing shmoo tip in a pheromone concentration timedependent manner until shmoo maturation. By quantitative analysis we show that polarization corelates with the rising levels of Ste50p, enabling rapid individual cell responses to pheromone that corresponds to a critical level of Ste50p at the initial G1 phase. We exploited the quantitative differences in the pattern of Ste50p expression to corelate with the cell-cell phenotypic heterogeneity showing Ste50p involvement in the cellular differentiation choice. Taken together, these findings present spatiotemporal localization of Ste50p during yeast polarization, suggesting that Ste50p is a component of the polarisome, and plays a critical role in regulating the polarized growth of shmoo during pheromone response.
Lineage, Identity, and Fate of Distinct Progenitor Populations in the Embryonic Olfactory Epithelium
Authors: Paronett Elizabeth M. , Bryan Corey A. , Maynard Thomas M. , LaMantia Anthony-S. 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTWe defined a temporal dimension of precursor diversity and lineage in the developing mouse olfactory epithelium (OE) at mid-gestation that results in genesis of distinct cell classes. Slow, symmetrically dividing Meis1+/ Pax7+ progenitors in the early differentiating lateral OE give rise to small numbers of Ascl1+ precursors in the dorsolateral and ventromedial OE. Few of the initial progeny of the Ascl1+ precursors immediately generate olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). Instead, most early progeny of this temporally defined precursor cohort, labeled via temporally discreet tamoxifen-dependent Ascl1Cre-driven recombination, populate a dorsomedial OE domain comprised of proliferative Ascl1+ as well as Ascl1-cells from which newly generated ORNs are mostly excluded. The most prominent early progeny of these Ascl1+ OE precursors are migratory mass cells associated with the nascent olfactory nerve (ON) in the frontonasal mesenchyme. These temporal, regional and lineage distinctions are matched by differences in proliferative capacity and modes of division in isolated, molecularly distinct lateral versus medial OE precursors. By late gestation, the progeny of the temporally and spatially defined Ascl1+ precursor cohort include few proliferating precursors. Instead, these cells generate a substantial subset of OE sustentacular cells, spatially restricted ORNs, and ensheathing cells associated with actively growing as well as mature ON axons. Accordingly, from the earliest stages of OE differentiation, distinct temporal and spatial precursor identities provide a template for acquisition of subsequent OE and ON cellular diversity.
The early embryonic transcriptome of a HawaiianDrosophilapicture-wing fly shows evidence of altered gene expression and novel gene evolution
Authors: Chenevert Madeline , Miller Bronwyn , Karkoutli Ahmad , Rusnak Anna , Lott Susan , Atallah Joel 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTA massive adaptive radiation on the Hawaiian archipelago has produced approximately one quarter of the fly species in the family Drosophilidae. The HawaiianDrosophilaclade has long been recognized as a model system for the study of both the ecology of island endemics and the evolution of developmental mechanisms, but relatively few genomic and transcriptomic datasets are available for this group. We present here a differential expression analysis of the transcriptional profiles of two highly conserved embryonic stages in the Hawaiian picture-wing flyDrosophila grimshawi. When we compared our results to previously published datasets across the family Drosophilidae, we identified cases of both gains and losses of gene representation inD. grimshawi, including an apparent delay in Hox gene activation. We also found high expression of unannotated genes. Most transcripts of unannotated genes with open reading frames do not have homologs in non-HawaiianDrosophilaspecies, although the vast majority have sequence matches in other genomes of the Hawaiian picture-wing flies. Some of these genes may have arisen from non-coding sequence in the ancestor of Hawaiian flies or during the evolution of the clade. Our results suggests that both the modified use of ancestral genes and the evolution of new ones may occur in rapid radiations.RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTSThe early embryonic transcriptome of the Hawaiian flyDrosophila grimshawishows a loss of expression of conserved Stage 5 genes, including the Hox genesThe de novo evolution of embryonically expressed genes may be occurring in the HawaiianDrosophilalineageAUTHORS’ STATEMENTThis paper is not being considered for publication elsewhere. This study formed part of Madeline Chenevert’s M.S. thesis.
The development and application of a decision-useful measure of environmental best practice for the mining industry
Authors: Hutchings Glen , Deegan Craig 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThe failure of environmental reporting to meet the needs of stakeholders is partly due to the gap, or inconsistency, between information disclosed in corporate reports and the underlying quality of environmental management. Within the context of the mining industry, this paper present a novel approach to close this gap. By measuring and reporting the comprehensiveness of environmental management – in a manner consistent with the qualitative characteristics applied within financial reporting – this paper contends that stakeholders can, as a result, better assess the environmental risk of mining operations and hold organisations more accountable for their environmental commitments.Design/methodology/approachUsing interviews and surveys, this paper draws on the knowledge of experienced environmental practitioners to measure the otherwise intangible quality of “environmental management”. The accounting metric developed is then used to quantify the comprehensiveness of environmental management of thirty Australian-based mine sites.FindingsThe findings suggest: (1) the accounting metric presented in this paper could better inform the decisions of both internal and external stakeholders; (2) significant variation in the comprehensiveness of environmental management exists within corporate entities and across the mining industry; (3) ISO 14001 is generally an indicator – but not a guarantee – of strong environmental management and (4) ISO 14001 self-declarations are largely symbolic.Originality/valueThe accounting metric presented in this paper could better inform user decisions, enhance corporate accountability and drive continuous improvement in environmental management. It could also provide a foundation for similar customised metrics in other industries and across other areas of sustainability.
The role of nontraditional lending for socially disadvantaged and financially stressed farmers
Authors: McDonald Tia M. , Law Jonathan , Giri Anil K. , Subedi Dipak 
Published: October 2021

PurposeIn recent years, socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers have increased their usage of nontraditional lending nearly converging to levels of usage observed for nonsocially disadvantaged groups. The purpose of this research is to explore explanations for this trend in lending utilization by socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers by examining factors that influence credit usage and credit choice.Design/methodology/approachA multinomial logit is used to estimate the probability of loan choice given characteristics of the producer and farm.FindingsWhile not a causal analysis, the results suggest that farm characteristics, which differ between socially disadvantaged and nonsocially disadvantaged producers, are associated with a lower likelihood of credit usage by an average socially disadvantaged farmer. For those that have loans, socially disadvantaged producers exhibit higher debt-to-asset ratios and lower current ratios, characteristics that are typically associated with higher than observed probability of usage of loans other than nontraditional. Socially disadvantaged producers also have lower value of assets which is associated with a higher probability of nontraditional loan usage.Originality/valueThis research is among the first to examine loan usage of socially disadvantaged producers using nationally representative data.
View analysis of personal information leakage and privacy protection in big data era—based on Q method
Authors: Huang Lei , Zhou Jingyi , Lin Jiecong , Deng Shengli 
Published: October 2021

PurposeIn the era of big data, people are more likely to pay attention to privacy protection with facing the risk of personal information leakage while enjoying the convenience brought by big data technology. Furthermore, people’s views on personal information leakage and privacy protection are varied, playing an important role in the legal process of personal information protection. Therefore, this paper aims to propose a semi-qualitative method based framework to reveal the subjective patterns about information leakage and privacy protection and further provide practical implications for interested party.Design/methodology/approachQ method is a semi-qualitative methodology which is designed for identifying typologies of perspectives. In order to have a comprehensive understanding of users’ viewpoints, this study incorporates LDA & TextRank method and other information extraction technologies to capture the statements from large-scale literature, app reviews, typical cases and survey interviews, which could be regarded as the resource of the viewpoints.FindingsBy adopting the Q method that aims for studying subjective thought patterns to identify users’ potential views, the authors have identified three categories of stakeholders’ subjectivities: macro-policy sensitive, trade-offs and personal information sensitive, each of which perceives different risk and affordance of information leakage and importance and urgency of privacy protection. All of the subjectivities of the respondents reflect the awareness of the issue of information leakage, that is, the interested parties like social network sites are unable to protect their full personal information, while reflecting varied resistance and susceptibility of disclosing personal information for big data technology applications.Originality/valueThe findings of this study provide an overview of the subjective patterns on the information leakage issue. Being the first to incorporate the Q method to study the views of personal information leakage and privacy protection, the research not only broadens the application field of the Q method but also enriches the research methods for personal information protection. Besides, the proposed LDA & TextRank method in this paper alleviates the limitation of statements resource in the Q method.
Understanding big data-driven supply chain and performance measures for customer satisfaction
Authors: Thekkoote Ramadas 
Published: October 2021

PurposeSupply chain analytics with big data capability are now growing to the next frontier in transforming the supply chain. However, very few studies have identified its different dimensions and overall effects on supply chain performance measures and customer satisfaction. The aim of this paper to design the data-driven supply chain model to evaluate the impact on supply chain performance and customer satisfaction.Design/methodology/approachThis research uses the resource-based view, emerging literature on big data, supply chain performance measures and customer satisfaction theory to develop the big data-driven supply chain (BDDSC) model. The model tested using questionnaire data collected from supply chain managers and supply chain analysts. To prove the research model, the study uses the structural equation modeling technique.FindingsThe results of the study identify the supply chain performance measures (integration, innovation, flexibility, efficiency, quality and market performance) and customer satisfaction (cost, flexibility, quality and delivery) positively associated with the BDDSC model.Originality/valueThis paper fills the significant gap in the BDDSC on the different dimensions of supply chain performance measures and their impacts on customer satisfaction.
Solution of mass-spring-damper fractional systems using Caputo derivative and orthogonal collocation
Authors: Lima Juliana V.C.F. , Lobato Fran Sérgio , Steffen Jr Valder 
Published: October 2021

PurposeIn this contribution, the solution of Mass-Spring-Damper Systems in the fractional context by using Caputo derivative and Orthogonal Collocation Method is investigated. For this purpose, different case studies considering constant and periodic sources are evaluated. The dimensional consistency of the model is guaranteed by introducing an auxiliary parameter. The obtained results are compared with those found by using both the analytical solution and the predictor-corrector method of Adams–Bashforth–Moulton type. The influence of the fractional order on the mechanical system is evaluated.Design/methodology/approachIn the present contribution, an extension of the Orthogonal Collocation Method to solve fractional differential equations is proposed.FindingsIn general, the proposed methodology was able to solve a classical mechanical engineering problem with different characteristics.Originality/valueThe development of a new numerical method to solve fractional differential equations is the major contribution.
Dragon head enterprises in China's wine production – case study results
Authors: Richter Barbara , Yang Yanlin , Hanf Jon H. 
Published: October 2021

PurposeIn 1998, the Chinese Communist Party introduced the strategy for modernizing agriculture with large-scale production and launching large commercial enterprises known as dragon head enterprises (DHEs) to process and market agricultural products. Although scholars have raised awareness of the development of DHEs in China, there has been little investigation on DHEs in the Chinese wine business. Based on the existing theoretical background on the concept of DHEs, this study aims to identify the structure and operating system of a DHE in the Chinese wine business. Changyu is chosen as an example because it is the oldest and largest wine company in China, operating in various grape-growing regions.Design/methodology/approachDue to the research's explorative character, the qualitative approach and case study focus were considered adequate. In-depth interviews have been conducted with the employees of the company. The authors analysed data with a qualitative content approach of Gläser and Laudel (2010).FindingsResults show that the grape procurement of Changyu is organized in an integrated system, which consists of the DHE (Changyu), the Changyu-led cooperative, and the grape producers who have a contract with the cooperative. The company takes different measures in terms of intra-organizational coordination to secure the required quantities and qualities of its grape supply base.Research limitations/implicationsIn this research, the authors could only access three interview partners of Changyu's grape procurement department, and it was not possible to conduct interviews with the management of Changyu. Another limitation is that it is difficult to collect adequate data in the Chinese wine industry.Originality/valueThere has been little investigation on DHEs in the Chinese wine business. This research contributes to the existing literature as it takes a closer look at the structure and operating system of a DHE in the Chinese wine business. The case study and chosen example (Changyu) allow a better understanding of DHEs and provide first insights into their operating principle.
Climate differently influences the genomic patterns of two sympatric marine fish species
Authors: Boulanger Emilie , Benestan Laura , Guerin Pierre‐Edouard , Dalongeville Alicia , Mouillot David , Manel Stéphanie 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Climate influences population genetic variation in marine species. Capturing these impacts remains challenging for marine fishes which disperse over large geographical scales spanning steep environmental gradients. It requires the extensive spatial sampling of individuals or populations, representative of seascape heterogeneity, combined with a set of highly informative molecular markers capable of revealing climatic‐associated genetic variations.

We explored how space, dispersal and environment shape the genomic patterns of two sympatric fish species in the Mediterranean Sea, which ranks among the oceanic basins most affected by climate change and human pressure. We hypothesized that the population structure and climate‐associated genomic signatures of selection would be stronger in the less mobile species, as restricted gene flow tends to facilitate the fixation of locally adapted alleles.

To test our hypothesis, we genotyped two species with contrasting dispersal abilities: the white seabream Diplodus sargus and the striped red mullet Mullus surmuletus. We collected 823 individuals and used genotyping by sequencing (GBS) to detect 8,206 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for the seabream and 2,794 for the mullet. For each species, we identified highly differentiated genomic regions (i.e. outliers) and disentangled the relative contribution of space, dispersal and environmental variables (climate, marine primary productivity) on the outliers' genetic structure to test the prevalence of gene flow and local adaptation.

We observed contrasting patterns of gene flow and adaptive genetic variation between the two species. The seabream showed a distinct Alboran sea population and panmixia across the Mediterranean Sea. The mullet revealed additional differentiation within the Mediterranean Sea that was significantly correlated to summer and winter temperatures, as well as marine primary productivity. Functional annotation of the climate‐associated outlier SNPs then identified candidate genes involved in heat tolerance that could be examined to further predict species' responses to climate change.

Our results illustrate the key steps of a comparative seascape genomics study aiming to unravel the evolutionary processes at play in marine species, to better anticipate their response to climate change. Defining population adaptation capacities and environmental niches can then serve to incorporate evolutionary processes into species conservation planning.
Social Bots and the Spread of Disinformation in Social Media: The Challenges of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Hajli Nick , Saeed Usman , Tajvidi Mina , Shirazi Farid 
Published: October 2021

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) is creating a revolution in business and society at large, as well as challenges for organizations. AI‐powered social bots can sense, think and act on social media platforms in ways similar to humans. The challenge is that social bots can perform many harmful actions, such as providing wrong information to people, escalating arguments, perpetrating scams and exploiting the stock market. As such, an understanding of different kinds of social bots and their authors’ intentions is vital from the management perspective. Drawing from the actor‐network theory (ANT), this study investigates human and non‐human actors’ roles in social media, particularly Twitter. We use text mining and machine learning techniques, and after applying different pre‐processing techniques, we applied the bag of words model to a dataset of 30,000 English‐language tweets. The present research is among the few studies to use a theory‐based focus to look, through experimental research, at the role of social bots and the spread of disinformation in social media. Firms can use our tool for the early detection of harmful social bots before they can spread misinformation on social media about their organizations.
Haven‐Sent? Tax Havens, Corporate Social Irresponsibility and the Dark Side of Family Firm Internationalization
Authors: Temouri Yama , Nardella Giulio , Jones Chris , Brammer Stephen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFamily firms have been associated with an enhanced propensity for corporate social responsibility (CSR), but does this imply that family firms have a reduced propensity for corporate social irresponsibility (CSI)? Drawing on the behavioural agency model (BAM) and socio‐emotional wealth (SEW) perspectives, our study explores the ‘dark side’ of family firm internationalization, by focusing specifically on the use of tax havens. We theorize that decision trade‐offs to internationalize to tax haven locations tend to be tempered by SEW considerations in family firms, which subsequently decreases the propensity of family firms to engage in this form of CSI, when compared to non‐family firms. We explore how family firm heterogeneity, such as relationships with tax advisors and generational involvement in the family business, influence their propensity for tax haven internationalization. Our analysis examines 1,024 US family and non‐family firms between 2010 and 2018, and confirms the effects of SEW and family firm heterogeneity on tax haven internationalization.