bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects on Children’s Health by Excessive Use of Online Devices: A Study from the Parents Perspectives
Authors: Palikhe Amin , Adhikari Nabin Bahadur 
Published: February 2021

This paper aims to identify the patterns of excessive use of online devices by children and its physical and behavioural impact on children's health of five different age groups: 0- less than 3, 3-7, 7-10, 10- 13 and over 13years of age. A survey was conducted with 42 respondents by using an on-line Google form in Pokhara. The purposive sampling method was used to select the sample and an online questionnaire was used to accumulate data from the parents. The target sample groups are parents who have children with age below 14 years. It is not a surprising matter that children have become good operators of any online devices these days. Therefore, this research paper attempts to find out any relationships that exist between online device user children and physical problems that they suffer. So a hypothesis has been developed to test whether “excessive online devices uses affects children’s health?” A hypothesis was tested through Kendall's tau-b (τb) correlation coefficient, a non-parametric test. This paper concludes that the time is managed by the parent to their children for the use of the internet. Due to this effort of the parents, there is no serious physical health problem arising in the children and the parents are also not worried about their excessive engagement on electronic gadgets.
RANCANG BANGUN PERSEDIAAN OBAT BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Afni Nurul , Pakpahan Roida , Zaman Indra 
Published: February 2021

Apotik Citra Farma merupakan pelayanan produk dan jasa yang bergerak dalam bidang kesehatan. Pengelolaan apotik adalah segala upaya dan kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh seorang apoteker dalam rangka tugas dan fungsi apotik yang meliputi perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan, pengawasan dan penilaian. Sistem persediaan obat yang dilakukan masih sederhana, mulai dari proses pengecekan obat, permintaan obat, dan pembuatan laporan. Sehingga pada saat proses berlangsung memungkinkan terjadi kesalahan dalam pencatatan, kurang akuratnya laporan yang dibuat, dan keterlambatan dalam pencarian data-data yang diperlukan. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah menganalisa sistem persediaan obat pada Apotik Citra Farma yang sedang berjalan dan merancang serta menerapkan sistem informasi persediaan obat secara terkomputerisasi sebagai solusi dalam permasalahan yang ada. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode waterfall dan alat pendukung seperti ERD,LRS dan UML serta prototype tampilan program berbasis web.
Belajar Toleransi Dan Kebhinekaan Melalui Situs Candi Bogang
Authors: Setiyono Teguh 
Published: February 2021

AbstrakTujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mengungkap nilai-nilai toleransi dan kebhinekaan dari situs candi Bogang pada masyarakat Wonosobo agar di kalangan generasi muda dan terpelajar sebagai agent of change tidak terjebak dalam konflik yang dapat menimbulkan perpecahan bangsa.Penulisan ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, yakni untuk meniliti subuah fenomena sosial. Dimana dalam memecahkan kasus-kasus sosial terkadang tidak bisa dengan tolak ukur atau temuan melalui alat prosedur statistik atau alat kuantifikasi lainnya. Dengan metode kualitatif didapatkan data melalui tulisan, wawancara, foto ataupun video. Lalu di analisis dan interpretasikan menjadi sebuah tulisan yang sistematisHasil dan pembahasan solusi supaya generasi muda tidak terjebak dalam permasalahan yang mengancam keutuhan bangsa yakni dengan mengajak generasi muda untuk belajar sejarah. Melalui kajian situs peninggalan sejarah arca Bogang di Wonosobo, dapat mempersatukan kebhinekaan masyarakat pada masa lampau. Kata kunci: Toleransi dan Kebhinekaan, candi Bogang, Komunitas
Peran Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles Dalam Sistem Pajak Bumi di Pulau Jawa Tahun 1811-1816
Authors: Setyawan Yusup Hari 
Published: February 2021

This study aims to determine: 1) the background of Raffles in implementing the landrent system, 2) how the implementation of landrents 3) the impact after the implementation of landrents in Java in 1811-1816. This study uses a literature research method, in approaching events in the past so that historical events can be explained chronologically. The steps in this research are collecting data sources, criticizing both external and internal sources, continued with interpretation, and historiography. The results showed (1) the background of landrents replacing the forced cultivation system in Java was implemented inspired by the British experience in India. (2) The landrent system can be implemented if it can control the territory, either through diplomacy or a ceasefire to control the territory so that the system works, the landrent system was initially implemented per village, in 1814 it was changed to an individual tax system which actually made it worse, especially for farmers. (3) For the UK, the landrent system was implemented without responsibility, inconsistency in implementing the rules. For the island of Java, the implementation of the traffic rules running on the left, adopted from England, the crime rate decreased, paying attention to culture, Javanese literature, historical heritage. When the Dutch returned, the landrent system continued until 1830.
Choosing Suitable Food Vehicles for Functional Food Products
Authors: Otunola Gloria Aderonke , Martirosyan Danik 
Published: February 2021

Globally, there is a growing demand for functional foods that provide health benefits without changing current dietary habits. However, the world is made up of diverse societies that consist of a wide range of individuals from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds associated with different food choices and preferences. Functional foods resemble traditional foods but have been designed and tailored to confer physiological and health benefits that go beyond their nutritional function. Of the seven-step cycle involved in functional food production, choosing a suitable food vehicle as a carrier of the bioactive components is essential. Therefore, this review explored the importance of food vehicles and how they can influence the acceptance of functional foods. Relevant scientific literature was electronically sourced from Google Scholar, Google, PubMed, databases of the Journals of Functional Foods in Health and Disease (JFFHD) and Bioactive Compounds in Health and Disease (BCHD) based on their mention or discussion of food choice and preference and food vehicles for food fortification or functional food production. These studies revealed that although functional foods are found virtually in all food categories, they are not homogeneously scattered over all segments of the growing market. Consumer demands and acceptance in terms of consumption patterns, ethnicity, culture, religion, and allergy, amongst others, need to be taken into consideration when choosing appropriate vehicles for functional food development.Keywords: food vehicles, functional foods, food fortification, food choice, food preference, fortification, phytonutrients, bioactive compounds
A hybrid decision making method based on q-rung orthopair fuzzy soft information
Authors: Akram Muhammad , Shahzadi Gulfam , Butt Muhammad Arif , Karaaslan Faruk 
Published: February 2021

Soft set (SfS) theory is a basic tool to handle vague information with parameterized study during the process as compared to fuzzy as well as q-rung orthopair fuzzy theory. This research article is devoted to establish some general aggregation operators (AOs), based on Yager’s norm operations, to cumulate the q-rung orthopair fuzzy soft data in decision making environments. In this article, the valuable properties of q-rung orthopair fuzzy soft set (q - ROFSfS) are merged with the Yager operator to propose four new operators, namely, q-rung orthopair fuzzy soft Yager weighted average (q - ROFSfYWA), q-rung orthopair fuzzy soft Yager ordered weighted average (q - ROFSfYOWA), q-rung orthopair fuzzy soft Yager weighted geometric (q - ROFSfYWG) and q-rung orthopair fuzzy soft Yager ordered weighted geometric (q - ROFSfYOWG) operators. The dominant properties of proposed operators are elaborated. To emphasize the importance of proposed operators, a multi-attribute group decision making (MAGDM) strategy is presented along with an application in medical diagnosis. The comparative study shows superiorities of the proposed operators and limitations of the existing operators. The comparison with Pythagorean fuzzy TOPSIS (PF-TOSIS) method shows that PF-TOPSIS method cannot deal with data involving parametric study but developed operators have the ability to deal with decision making problems using parameterized information.
Protection against COVID-19 in African population: Immunology, genetics, and malaria clues for therapeutic targets
Authors: Altable Marcos 
Published: February 2021

Background: There is a marked discrepancy between SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and COVID-19 cases and deaths in Africa.

Main: SARS-CoV-2 stimulates humoral and cellular immunity systems, as well as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear NF-kB signalling pathways, which regulate inflammatory gene expression and immune cell differentiation. The result is pro-inflammatory cytokines release, hyperinflammatory condition, and cytokine storm, which provoke severe lung alterations that can lead to multi-organ failure in COVID-19. Multiple genetic and immunologic factors may contribute to the severity of COVID-19 in African individuals when compared to the rest of the global population. In this article, the role of malaria, NF-kB and MAPK pathways, caspase-12 expression, high level of LAIR-1-containing antibodies, and differential glycophorins (GYPA/B) expression in COVID-19 are discussed.

Conclusion: Understanding pathophysiological mechanisms can help identify target points for drugs and vaccines development against COVID-19. To our knowledge, this is the first study that explores this link and proposes a biological and molecular answer to the epidemiologic discrepancy in COVID-19 in Africa.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF TRANSDERMAL PATCHES OF METOPROLOL SUCCINATE
Authors: Indresh  
Published: February 2021

The anti-hypertensive transdermal patches in the perspective of enhancing the bioavailability as well as in improving patient compliance, it has appear as a substitute for oral route permit self-administration, controlled and sustained drug delivery. This study will investigate the effects of metoprolol Succinate in treatment of hypertension with the interaction of hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose and ethyl cellulose. The present research work concludes that the patches prepared with different ratios of polymers shows sustained drug release for long period of time confirms that the delivery system prepared can be suitably used as sustained and controlled drug delivery. The Transdermal Patches of drug metoprolol Succinate can be utilized in the diseases hypertension, myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure, etc. It offers high patient compliance by ease in administration.
Keywords: Anti-hypertensive, Transdermal patches, Metoprolol succinate and HPMC.
Error Analysis on English Consonant Pronunciation Produced By The Fifth Semester Students of English Education Department
Authors: Trysnawati Ice , Mulyani Sri , Syam Asfiah 
Published: February 2021

This research aimed to find out the mispronunciation of consonants and the most frequently mispronounced consonants produced by the fifth semester students of the English Education Department at Institut Parahikma Indonesia in the academic year 2020/2021. This research applied descriptive quantitative research method. The participants were 14 students from the fifth semester of English Education Department. The data were collected by using a reading text. The data were analyzed quantitatively through three steps: 1) identifying errors; 2) calculating errors, and 3) drawing conclusion. The result of the research showed that nine (9) consonants were mispronounced by the students and one consonant was error-free. The mispronounced consonants were / v /: (19.5%), / ð /: (18.8%), / θ /: (15.5%), / z /: (14%), / dʒ /: (9%), / ɡ /: (8%), / w /: (6.2%), / r /: (4.6%), / ŋ /: (4.3%) and / b /: (-) were error-free consonant. Meanwhile, The most frequently mispronounced consonants were / v / and / ð /.
Performance Evaluation of Cascaded and Reduced Switch Multilevel Inverter Using Modified Carrier Based PWM Technique
Authors: Islam Md Tariqul , Rahman Md Fayzur , Ul Akhir AA Md Monzur , Ahmed Zisun 
Published: February 2021

This paper proposes an improved harmonic distorted modified triangular carrier-based multicarrier pulse width modulation for generating the switching pulses of a multilevel inverter. This modified triangular wave consists of a triangular wave bearing a close resemblance to an ‘M’ shaped wave. The design of this carrier signal has been optimized to maintain a low level of total harmonic distortion (THD), while increasing the fundamental o/p voltage to ensure the effective DC voltage utilization. Moreover, this optimization reduces the switching losses and improve the efficiency of the power inverter. With the help of this carrier signal, High-frequency alternative phase opposition disposition pulse width modulation (APODPWM) is generated. This new control scheme has been applied to seven levels of conventional cascaded H-bridge with reduced switch multilevel inverter. The output is compared with conventional carrier-based APODPWM. The comparison is made in terms of THD, fundamental output voltages and inverter losses. To ensure quality performance, conventional carrier and modified carrier-based multicarrier PWM topologies are used for the Cascaded seven-level inverter with reduced switch seven-level inverter having a carrier frequency of 2 kHz and modulation index of 0.8-1.30. According to the simulation results, by using the proposed modulation scheme the THD and the switching loss were reduced by 9.64[%] and 4.2[%] respectively. Besides, the proposed modulation technique increases the fundamental output voltages. The total simulation process is done in MATLAB Simulink environment.
GUB JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, Vol 6(1), Dec 2019 P 12-19
Methods of Mounting Saw-Toothed Metallic Wire on the Taker-in and Other Rollers of Carding Machine
Authors: Chowdhury Md Ismail 
Published: February 2021

Two methods are used for mounting sawtoothed metallic wire on different rollers of carding machine. The taker-in roller of the machine is generally grooved one way starting from one end of the roller to the other end and metallic toothed wires are mounted into the grooves. In course of time teeth of wires are worn out as they interact with fibers and impurities. As a result quality of product is deteriorated gradually. So the general practice is to replace the worn-out wires with new ones. Close observation of gradual wearing out of wire teeth reveals that due to oblique disposition of the teeth, only one of the two transitional edges of the front face of the teeth is mainly worn out leaving the other transitional edge intact. This paper explains one patented method and proposes another novel one that utilizes this unworn transitional edge and thus improves quality of yarn and increases longevity of the wear. The first method proposes taker-in with grooves starting from both ends of the roller. Application of this method will enable spinners to utilize both the transitional edges of taker-in teeth by dismounting the wires from the groove first after some use and then mounting the same wire on the roller again but into the grooves that start from other end of the roller. The second method proposes use of two types of wires on the bare taker-in roller; one type is toothed and another is without teeth. They are mounted on the roller side by side and alternately. Incorporation of tooth-less bare strip of wire gives obliqueness to the toothed wire. This method also will allow utilization of unworn edge of teeth by dismounting the wire first after some use and then mounting them on the roller starting from other end of it.
GUB JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, Vol 6(1), Dec 2019 P 27-32
Mathematical Modeling for Launch Vessel Operators at Internal Waterways Transportation in Bangladesh
Authors: Nilu Tanzila Yeasmin , Ahmed Hashnayne , Ahmed Shek 
Published: February 2021

Launch based water vessel transportation has been growing in Bangladesh as an easier and cheaper transportation system. The shipping liners are introducing more launches in different routes as the growing demands of passengers in spite of having much difficulties with respect to uncertainty. However, this trade sector is facing imbalance in terms of profits in several service categories but they have to fight with uncertainties, a common issue faced by the liner operators. In this paper, we develop a mathematical model for the launch vessel operators to compare the profit considering different scenarios which give a broad idea about meeting the customer's demand over time, and maximize their profit by considering different stochastic parameters. It is necessary to make decision about building launches as per demand categories, and also to maximize the profit. We show how scenario-based stochastic optimization could be applied in this perspective and discuss some solving techniques with modification as required. Finally, we conduct a numerical case study to evaluate the value of the stochastic scenario-based model over some uncertain issues according to the model.
GUB JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, Vol 6(1), Dec 2019 P 46-53
A Review of High Efficiency Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Converters for Electric Vehicle Charging Application
Authors: Ashique Ratil H 
Published: February 2021

The electric vehicle (EV) charging systems employ dc-dc power converters as EV chargers. Currently, the expected high penetration of electric vehicle (EV) demands for the integration of the renewable energy sources (RES) into the electric vehicle charging system as a promising solution to cut down the load on the electrical grid. These systems interface with RES by implementing dc-dc power converters. Moreover, with the advent of high-power dc charging, the charging efficiency is largely dependent on the performance of the power converters. Hence, to improve the charging, the soft switching dc-dc converters are implemented to maintain low switching losses and to achieve high-efficiency operation. This paper reviews the non-isolated, soft switching dc-dc power converters for EV charging application. For this purpose, different types of soft switching topologies, namely the snubber, the series resonant, the shunt resonant and the pulse frequency modulated converters are investigated. The advantages and the disadvantages associated with these converters are highlighted. Furthermore, to perform a comparative evaluation, the topologies are simulated in a standard simulation platform. Consequently, the relative standing of the converters depending on several parameters, i.e. the component count, the output voltage and current ripple, the soft switching range, and the power losses are established. Finally, based on these results, the optimum applicability of the converters in the EV charging application is determined.
GUB JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, Vol 6(1), Dec 2019 P 60-74
Cooking Energy Conservation by Using Improved Stove: a Case Study on Thaipara Village of Magura Bangladesh
Authors: Biswas GK , Hoque MMM , Kabir MH , Rehnuma M 
Published: February 2021

The study was conducted to investigate the energy efficiency of traditional and improved cooking stove, potential energy conservation using improved stove and overall environmental impacts of those stoves at Thaipara of Magura district in Bangladesh. In the study area, almost 100% of the households use biomass as their cooking fuel in traditional stoves. Questionnaire Survey (QS) was conducted to fulfill the research objectives. The result of the study showed that total biomass energy consumption is 14897 GJ per year, whereas, the per capita cooking energy consumption is about 4.82 GJ per year. The results also revealed that biomass: fuel wood, dung and crop residues are the 100% sources of the total energy used in the cooking sectors. The combination of high demand aggravated by low use efficiency has contributed to deforestation, rural poverty and the energy shortage in the study village. Results of the study stated that by introducing improved stove with higher level of efficiency, well ventilation and using good quality of fuel can reduce the harmful impacts of cooking energy utilization and cooking systems on environment significantly. In this regard, formulation and implementation of a nationwide high efficiency cooking stove dissemination program would be very promising for cooking energy conservation at rural sectors.
Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 12(1&2): 21-27, 2019
Impacts of Urbanization on Land Cover Pattern in Bangladesh: A Downscaled Approach for Chuadanga District
Authors: Mahfuza S , Hossain MS , Islam M 
Published: February 2021

Bangladesh has been facing rapid and unplanned urbanization for last several years resulting devastating change to vegetation, fresh water body and bare soil in this area. This integrated study aimed to find out the trend of urbanization and land cover changes in Chuandanga, a western district of Bangladesh. This downscaled approach used GIS and remote sensing techniques for supervised land cover classification of Landsat images for last five years (2014-2018). The study has portrayed an increasing trend in built up area and bare soil whereas a decreasing trend in vegetation and water body. Meanwhile, it has been found that change in built up area and vegetation cover is strongly correlated whilst built area is increased by 1.28% (14.84 sq.km) and vegetation decreased by 16.54% (191.96 sq.km) during this period. Moreover, it is also observed that rapid growth of urban areas has a considerable influence on decreasing water body and bare soil as well as the changing pattern showing the forthcoming urbanization in this city. This study shows the importance of urban expansion for achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) in particular Goal 11, Sustainable Cities.
Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 12(1&2): 37-42, 2019
Effects of 2017 Early Flash Flooding on Agriculture in Haor Areas of Sunamganj
Authors: Mondal S , Akter L , Hiya HJ , Farukh MA 
Published: February 2021

The Sunamganj district is covered by major Haor systems in the north-eastern region of Bangladesh. Flash flood is the most commonly occurring water related disaster in the Haor areas. During the flash flood it is very common that people lost their primary agricultural productions which are the only source of their livelihood. The present study focuses on the effects of 2017 early flash flooding on rice and fish production of Sunamganj Haor areas. The flood caused enormous damage to agriculture such as rice especially Boro rice and fish production on which the Haor dwellers rely upon for their livelihood. The total affected land of Boro rice cultivation in Haors of Sunamganj was 149,224 hectare and the total amount of damaged rice was 393,855 metric ton (MT). The total number of affected farmers was 315,084. The early flash flood also affects the quality of Haor water which caused the death of fishes. The total amount of damaged fish was 49.75 MT and the loss was 158.70 lakh taka. The total number of affected fishermen was 44,445. This findings could be very useful for the environmental scientists to predict the probable future effects on agricultural production due to early flash flood events in Sunamganj Haors areas.
Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 12(1&2): 117-125, 2019