bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co-Ni Mineralization in the Albazino Gold Ore Deposit (Khabarovsk Krai, the Mongol-Okhotsk Orogenic Belt)
Authors: Grebennikova A A , Grishin G K 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The gold-sulfide impregnated deposits occupy one of the leading positions in terms of gold reserves, both in Russia and in the world. The article presents the results of a study of Co-Ni mineralization at the Albazino gold ore deposit (Khabarovsk Krai, the Mongol-Okhotsk orogenic belt). Arsenides of Co, Ni, Fe are represented by arsenopyrite, alloclasite, glaucodot, while the ones of Co and Fe are represented by cobaltite and gersdorffite. Typomorphic features of this group of minerals of the association are: the presence of increased concentrations of nickel (for example, in alloclasite, glaucodote, and cobaltin), Co (arsenopyrite, gersdorfite), Sb (arsenopyrite, gersdorfite, cobaltine), Se (galena), As (pyrite), and Fe (sphalerite). Gold is mainly finely - dispersed and, belongs to low fine one (with Au – 74–76 wt%, Ag 26–24 wt%) in terms of its chemical composition. The revealed typomorphic features of the material composition of ores and the geological structure of the deposit allows attributing this object to the gold-sulfide impregnated type.
Pedagogical Monitoring of the Professional Image Formation among Technosphere Safety Students
Authors: Leonova N , Kaverzneva T T , Pshenichnaya C V , Skrypnik I L 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This article describes the experience of organising pedagogical monitoring over students majoring in Technosphere Safety at Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University. Here are presented the methods of organisation, the gained results, and the practical applicability of the latter. The pedagogical monitoring was carried out over the course of seven years, having the students and the teaching staff of the Technosphere Safety high school involved. The goal of the monitoring was to examine the formation dynamics of students’ professional image. The professional image taking into account the standards set forward by the potential employers ensures the future specialists will meet world-class standards and be highly-employable at the Russian labour market. The article offers recommendations on forming the professional image of a Technosphere Safety specialist in the educational process, considering the role of employers’ community.
Indicator Elements of Hydrocarbon Accumulations in the Southern Part of the Tatar Strait and the Northern Circuit of the Central Depression of the Sea of Japan
Authors: Makseev D S , Fedorov S A , Kalgin V Yu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Hydrocarbons, in particular methane, in bottom sediments are able to form accumulations together with chemical elements and inorganic compounds. Such elements are indicators of the presence of hydrocarbons. Their establishment in certain areas of the water area can make a serious contribution to geological exploration. This paper examines the relationship of the areas of methane concentration and chemical composition of bottom sediments in the southern part of the Tatar strait and the northern circuit of the central depression of the sea of Japan. A connection of methane was found with elements such as S, Mn, Sr, Cu, Zn, Pb and Ni. The strong correlation of methane with S. There is a medium and weak connection of methane with Cu, Zn, Mn, Ni, Sr. The main concentration of methane observed in the western part of Terney trough and on uplift-shift disturbances of the 46th parallel. Installed indicator elements and geochemical studies can be used for further analysis of the distribution patterns of hydrocarbon deposits in the area.
Analysis of Membrane Methods Application for Treatment of Textile Wastewater
Authors: Makisha N 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Wastewater of textile enterprises may be significantly different in concentration of main pollutants and thus implemented methods of treatment. The technological solutions have to meet the requirements of wastewater disposal and discharge of treated water into fishery water bodies. The choice of the wastewater treatment technique for textile enterprises depends on many factors: capacity (flow of wastewater), the possibility and feasibility of extracting impurities from wastewater, the requirements for the quality of treated water when it is reused or discharged. Dimensions of membrane bioreactors afford installation of them in conditions of limited space. Operation of membrane bioreactors may be easily provided by filtered wastewater even at wastewater treatment plants of low capacity, so pure water use is not required. The combined Fenton oxidation and the process of membrane sludge separation as an advanced wastewater treatment with integrated dyeing wastewater treatment plant to reduce total organic carbon and coloration. The system has three steps of treatment: the Fenton oxidation unit, which is an aerated continuous reactor with a mixer, a neutralization tank that equalizes the pH value of the influent and MBR.
Determination of Location of Floating Installations in the Shelf Zone
Authors: Solovyev D A , Solovyev A A , Nefedova L V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The article presents the results of using the graph analytical method for determining the most optimal locations for large-scale floating installations of photobioreactors (PBRs) for algae cultivation in the offshore zone of the sea in extreme weather conditions. For the region of the Black Sea experimental training ground, areas with the minimum energy of storm impact on floating installations were established. It is shown that in these areas where wave convergence occurs, refraction does not affect the height of the waves and the destructive effect on floating PBRs. The calculation results, which received satisfactory confirmation in the observations during the annual experimental tests, can be used in the design of areas for the placement of floating photobioreactors or other floating installations.
Modeling the Decision Making of Vehicle Control in Case of Emergency Situations Based on Game Theory
Authors: Rizaev I S , Takhavova E G 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Modern transport is a high energy-intensive system of increased danger. There are special instructions on how to comply with the rules of operation and use of such systems, ensuring safety, in accordance with the requirements. Drivers of any vehicle are trained in accordance with the regulations for this type of transport. The article deals with issues related to life safety in the driving air vehicles, in solving the problem of landing with use of manual control in the event of emergency situations. A pilot must make the right decision under the conditions of time deficiency: he should land or go to the second round. In order to gain experience, it is proposed to use decision-making modeling in case of emergency situations using game theory methods. Usually, game theory considers conflicts between the opposing parties, which include military operations, sports games, and market relations. Contingencies that are called "nature" may occur when driving. Although nature does not have a conscious antagonistic reaction, it can be considered as the opposing side. Based on the theory of games, it is possible to conduct a safety simulation while controlling transport.
Corrosion Resistance of Rolled and Welded Tube-to-Tube Sheet Joints Made Using Different Technologies
Authors: Tokarev A S , Karetnikov D V , Rizvanov R G 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the manufacture of heat exchange equipment, which has been widely used in the oil and gas industry, arc welding methods are often used. This can lead, depending on the material performance of the apparatus, to a significant increase in energy and labor costs. The purpose of the studies in this article was to find out whether samples obtained using friction welding technology, which is an alternative to arc welding methods, meet the requirements for corrosion resistance of heat exchange equipment from heat-resistant hardening steels during its operation, and also compare them with samples obtained using arc welding methods. To do this, studies were carried out on the microstructures of welded joints and distributions of electrode potential values in various zones of welded joints and base metal. At the end of the article, conclusions are drawn based on a comparison of the microstructures of the investigated compounds, as well as the distribution of electrode potential values over the base metal and welded joint of samples made using various welding methods.
Prototyping a Six-Axis Positioning Device
Authors: Smirnov M V , Gritsenko A V , Shepelev V D 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we describe prototyping a six-axis positioning device (SPD) with parallel kinematics in a new structural design. Each new design requires the development of a mathematical model. This is necessary to implement the algorithm for controlling this device, as well as analyzing its workspace. Each design variant can be used for various tasks and different areas, as it will have its own unique shape and size of the workspace. The paper scientific relevance deals with developing a new structural design of SPD, as well as obtaining its mathematical model. Based on the obtained mathematical model, it is possible in the future to model the workspace in order to obtain an idea of its shape and size.
Electric Vehicle Chassis Simulation Model in MATLAB/Simulink
Authors: Martyanov A S , Shepelev V D , Mavrin V G 
Published: March 2021

AbstractNowadays, there has been an active growth of interest in the development and use of vehicles based on the utilization of electric energy. Electric vehicles are actively being studied and then introduced into everyday life. A large number of studies are aimed at improving the existing design of vehicle components, units, and mechanisms. In this paper, we study a simulation model of an electric vehicle moving along a road with an irregular profile. We use the example of an electric vehicle chassis equipped with an electric motor and an energy storage device, taking into account the change in energy spent on moving along the road, considering the rises and descents, as well as the influence of speed modes under given conditions. The model takes into account air resistance and friction forces acting on the units of the car during movement. The model is implemented in the MATLAB/Simulink environment and can be useful in determining the electric drive parameters of an electric vehicle, analysing the electrical system, and studying the efficiency of vehicle operation.
FSSC 22000 Certification as a Food Security Tool
Authors: Baurina S B , Amirova R I 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The article justifies the importance and relevance of certification and standardization in the food security system. The purpose of the FSSC 22000 certification scheme is indicated. FSSC 22000 requirements and rules are defined. The structure of FSSC 22000 is specified: requirements for food chain organizations (Part I), for certification bodies (Part II), for accreditation bodies (Part III), regulations for the Management Board (Council), which defines the rules and requirements of this Scheme (Part IV). The main measures for the formation of the IASB that meets the requirements of FSSC 22000 are specified. The main advantages of the FSSC 22000 certification scheme are deciphered: independence, transparency, a unified approach to the "food chain," program integrity. The fifth version of the FSSC 22000 v5 Certification Scheme documents, new basic requirements contained therein and improvements are described in detail.
Factors Determining Migration and Transformation of Mercury in the Mouths of Northern Rivers
Authors: Ovsepyan A E , Fedorov Yu A , Zimovets A A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Mercury is one of the priority pollutants of our time, but also a unique element that can form organic and inorganic compounds of various degrees of toxicity. The toxicity of mercury is influenced by the form of metal finding, environmental factors, ways of metal and its compounds entering the organisms of living beings, and concentrations. In this paper, we consider the factors that determine the migration and transformation of mercury in complex hydrochemical areas of rivers-estuaries. The research is based on the results of observations carried out since 2004 at the mouths of the Northern Dvina, Pechora and Kyanda Rivers. The hydrological and hydrochemical conditions of waters and bottom sediments have been analyzed. Various forms of the occurrence and migration of mercury in the waters and bottom sediments of the objects under consideration have been studied. Conclusions about the priority factors that determine the behavior of mercury for each water body and, in general, for the estuarine areas of this natural zone have been drawn.
Study the Effect of Naturally Low Temperature in Animals Experiment
Authors: Struchkov N A , Nifontov K R , Alekseev R Z , Domotov V V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In modern conditions of Arctic development, the problem of hypothermia of humans and animals is becoming fundamental and applicable nature. Studying deep hypothermia effect and body recovery after it on experimental models of animals is relevant for world science. The article presents some aspects of the naturally low temperatures affect (-40° C and below) on the domestic pig’s body under the conditions of Yakutia (experimental research). To perform this task, we simulated the conditions of natural deep hypothermia, in which we studied the mechanisms of entering an anabiosis state and got the data of experimental animals’ brain and heart bioelectrical activity. The experiment was conducted according to the ethical standards of the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes No. 123 of 18 March 1986, Strasbourg, and the order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 199n of 01.04.2016 “on approval of the regulations of good laboratory practice”. Permission of the bioethical commission is available.
Leibenzon-Ishlinsky Criterion for the Axisymmetric Problem of Compression of the Pillar
Authors: Chanyshev A I , Abdulin I M , Belousova O E , Efimenko L L , Frolova I V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the framework of the Leibenzon-Ishlinsky approach, the problem of the loss of stability of a pillar of a cylindrical mine working is solved. The pillar material was assumed with an initial anisotropy corresponding to the layered structure. A criterion for loss of stability is being constructed, a solution to the system of differential equations of the problem in the form of combinations of cylindrical and trigonometric functions is determined. From the fact that the determinant of a system of homogeneous algebraic equations is equal to zero, the critical load value is found at which, along with the main continuation of the deformation of the pillar, something else is possible with a changed surface geometry. The influence of the initial anisotropy, the parameters of the pillar (height, radius) on the values of the ultimate load is investigated.
Cluster Approach to Rural Green Tourism Development
Authors: Smirnova E A , Kalafatov E A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The article considers the development of rural green tourism. Rural green tourism is considered to be a type of recreation on rural territories regardless the way of holiday-makers leisure management. The experience of developed countries in tourism industry is conducted to identify the regularities of such type of tourism activity development. The analysis based on quantitative marketing research is suggested to get more profound understanding of this sector development state in rural green tourism. The cluster approach application allows increasing the level of synergy effect through interaction of the clusters. The given cluster approach to rural green tourism enterprises development inside the sector gives an opportunity to optimize the clusters’ activity at contemporary period of their development as well as to raise the effectiveness of rural green tourism enterprises.
Creating Forecast Maps of the Spatial Distribution of Dangerous Geodynamic Phenomena Based on the Principal Component Method
Authors: Kiselev V , Guseva N , Kuranov A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Subject matter of the research is mining and geological subsurface objects use in the conditions of the DGDE possibility. Scope of research is the regularities of spatial distribution of geological objects properties, causing DGDE in the mining enterprise. The purpose of research is to map the mining enterprise territory subject to DGDE using the method of objective determination of weight coefficients and influencing factors. The main tasks: establish the size of the operational territorial units (OTU) and discretization of the research area; determination of the weight coefficients of the factors influencing the process of the DGDE occurrence formation on the subsurface territory; create a mathematical expression for a generalizing value determining that characterizes the degree of adverse factors coincidence, and therefore the risk rank of the DGDE occurrence.
Environmental Pollution by Drilling Waste in the Arctic
Authors: Opekunova M G , Opekunov A Yu , Kukushkin S Yu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The article presents the results of a study of chemical pollution of landscape components (soil water and groundwater, soils and indicator species of plants) under the influence of drill cuttings dumping onto the soil surface. The studies were carried out in the forest-tundra zone of Western Siberia in two areas for two years after pollution. The lateral and radial differentiation of chemicals was studied. The dynamics of chemical pollution of water, soil and plants was shown. The extent and geochemical zoning of secondary technogenic halos are revealed. The role of geochemical barriers in reducing the migration activity of pollutants was emphasized. The main indicators of pollution, to which Sr, Ba, Na, V, Cr, Fe, Cl−, NO3
− are attributed, are substantiated.
Technological Vision Systems Using Principle of Analysis of Changing Geometry and Spectrum of the Light
Authors: Deev O I , Debelov V V , Endachev D V , Zuev S M , Shmatkov Yu M , Shirokov P S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
New road safety requirements, that recently accepted will lead to increasing quantity of ADAS - active driver assistant systems. These systems aimed to detect objects and traffic participants, adjust the vehicle’s speed modes, inform the driver about emergencies, synchronize the braking and the steering systems to perform emergency maneuvers, hold car on the line and perform other functions.
The Use of Spectral Characteristics of Satellite Images to Assess Water Pollution after Dike Breaking on the Irelyakh River
Authors: Tikhonova S A , Struchkova G P , Kapitonova T A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
An urgent problem in the modern world is the pollution of water bodies with waste water that enters the reservoir after insufficient filtration, or with industrial effluents, in our case related to the mining works. In any case, this pollution negatively affects both the state of the environment and the health of the population forced to use water from polluted sources. And for inhabitants of the Far North remote areas this is fraught with poisoning of fishery resources.
The method of remote sensing and processing of satellite images allows you quickly assessing the degree of contamination of reservoirs after man-made emergencies and timely warning the population from exposure to dangerous pollutions. On the basis of decoding the spectral characteristics of pollution, it is possible to track timely the size and speed of its spread, significantly reduce the number of samples taken, field research and ensure regular monitoring of a risen extreme situation. In this work, we used methods of preliminary digital processing of space images: geometric, radiometric and atmospheric correction. The thematic processing of the ERS was carried out. The ERS is a method of image enhancement that includes modification of contrast, noise reduction, boundary detection.
An assessment of water pollution in the territory of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) after the dyke breaking on the Irelyakh River in August 2018 was carried out using the interpretation of satellite images by spectral analysis on the ENVI software system. The use of this method is relevant for remote hard-to-reach areas and, if necessary, rapid assessments of pollution, as well as for tracing the forecast of the process flow.
Diamond and Low Carbon Steel Interaction at Melting Temperature of Fe-C Eutectic
Authors: Akimova M P , Sharin P P , Makharova S N , Yakovleva S P 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The structure, elemental and phase composition of the products formed during the contact interaction of diamond with low-carbon steel in vacuum at the Fe-C eutectic melting temperature were studied. Cylindrical tablets made of low carbon steel (less than 0.1 % wt. C), and pyramid shaped natural diamond crystals were used as a contact pairs. Diamond crystals were mounted by their flat base on the horizontal surface of steel tablet and a load was applied to the diamond crystals top. Contact samples were sintered in a vacuum furnace at a maximum heating temperature of ~1165 °C. Sintered diamond-steel tablet samples were studied by optical and scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis. It was shown that the initial steel tablet with a ferrite-perlite structure passed cementation during sintering in contact with diamond. The most intensive cementation is undergone by the non-melted upper layer of the steel tablet ~110 μm thick, which adjoined the Fe-C eutectic melt during sintering. The microhardness of this layer was ~4945 MPa. As it deepens into steel tablet a gradual transition of structure from perlite-cementite to perlite and further to the initial ferrite-perlite microstructure is observed. Herewith, the microhardness changes from ~ 4945 to 1570 MPa.
A Way to Increase Protein and Magnesium Content in Dairy Products
Authors: Krekker L G , Ochlopkova M K 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The paper describes the results of research devoted to solving such a relevant problem as a lack of protein and its incomplete precipitation when obtaining protein dairy products. The possibility of using magnesium to forfeit coprecipitate with a chelated form of the microelement has been considered. Magnesium deficiency is currently experienced by up to 80 % of the population; the deficiency symptoms are such common problems as cardiovascular system disorders, arrhythmias, angina pectoris, hypertension. Given the urgency of these issues and the growing deficit of magnesium in the diet, the study is devoted to the isolation of whey proteins by thermal precipitation with calcium and magnesium salts to obtain a product containing a high amount of animal protein and the magnesium micronutrient. Optimal salt ratios for more complete precipitation of milk proteins have been determined. Their effect on the protein-free whey parameters, the mass fraction of casein and whey proteins, the content of nitrogenous substances, and the total protein yield has been studied. It is shown that protein coprecipitates obtained by thermal precipitation can be used as a protein additive in the manufacture of fortified dairy products. According to experimental data, it can be concluded that the coprecipitate obtained by thermocoagulation with calcium chloride and magnesium sulfate contains more calcium and magnesium. The product dispersion degree and exposure to proteolytic digestive tract enzymes have been studied. The content of the calcium and magnesium micronutrients in the coprecipitate obtained by thermocoagulation has been determined. It has been proven that this technique allows better using the milk proteins that traditionally pass into the whey.