bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Telemedizin in der Schlaganfallversorgung – versorgungsrelevant für Deutschland
Authors: Barlinn J. , Winzer S. , Worthmann H. , Urbanek C. , Häusler K. G. , Günther A. , Erdur H. , Görtler M. , Busetto L. , Wojciechowski C. , Schmitt J. , Shah Y. , Büchele B. , Sokolowski P. , Kraya T. , Merkelbach S. , Rosengarten B. , Stangenberg-Gliss K. , Weber J. , Schlachetzki F. , Abu-Mugheisib M. , Petersen M. , Schwartz A. , Palm F. , Jowaed A. , Volbers B. , Zickler P. , Remi J. , Bardutzky J. , Bösel J. , Audebert H. J. , Hubert G. J. , Gumbinger C. 
Published: May 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Ziel
Telemedizinische Schlaganfall-Netzwerke tragen dazu bei, die Schlaganfallversorgung und insbesondere den Zugang zu zeitkritischen Schlaganfalltherapien in vorrangig strukturschwachen, ländlichen Regionen zu gewährleisten. Ziel ist eine Darstellung der Nutzungsfrequenz und regionalen Verteilung dieser Versorgungsstruktur.

Methoden
Die Kommission „Telemedizinische Schlaganfallversorgung“ der Deutschen Schlaganfall-Gesellschaft führte eine Umfragestudie in allen Schlaganfall-Netzwerken durch.

Ergebnisse
In Deutschland sind 22 telemedizinische Schlaganfall-Netzwerke aktiv, welche insgesamt 43 Zentren (pro Netzwerk: Median 1,5, Interquartilsabstand [IQA] 1–3) sowie 225 Kooperationskliniken (pro Netzwerk: Median 9, IQA 4–17) umfassen und an einem unmittelbaren Zugang zur Schlaganfallversorgung für 48 Mio. Menschen teilhaben. Im Jahr 2018 wurden 38.211 Telekonsile (pro Netzwerk: Median 1340, IQA 319–2758) durchgeführt. Die Thrombolyserate betrug 14,1 % (95 %-Konfidenzintervall 13,6–14,7 %), eine Verlegung zur Thrombektomie wurde bei 7,9 % (95 %-Konfidenzintervall 7,5–8,4 %) der ischämischen Schlaganfallpatienten initiiert. Das Finanzierungssystem ist uneinheitlich mit einem Vergütungssystem für die Zentrumsleistungen in nur drei Bundesländern.

Diskussion
Etwa jeder 10. Schlaganfallpatient wird telemedizinisch behandelt. Die telemedizinischen Schlaganfall-Netzwerke erreichen vergleichbar hohe Lyseraten und Verlegungen zur Thrombektomie wie neurologische Stroke-Units und tragen zur Sicherstellung einer flächendeckenden Schlaganfallversorgung bei. Eine netzwerkübergreifende Sicherstellung der Finanzierung und einheitliche Erhebung von Qualitätssicherungsdaten haben das Potenzial diese Versorgungsstruktur zukünftig weiter zu stärken.
Denotational semantics of channel mobility in UTP-CSP
Authors: Ekembe Ngondi Gerard 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we present the denotational semantics for channel mobility in the Unifying Theories of Programming (UTP) semantics framework. The basis for the model is the UTP theory of reactive processes, precisely, the UTP semantics for Communicating Sequential Processes (CSP), which is extended to allow the mobility of channels—the set of channels that a process can use for communication (its interface), originally static or constant (set during the process's definition), is now made dynamic or variable: it can change during the process's execution. A channel is thus moved around by communicating it via other channels and then allowing the receiving process to extend its interface with the received channel. We introduce a new concept, thecapabilityof a process, which allows separating the ownership of channels from the knowledge of their existence. Mobile processes are then defined as having a static capability and a dynamic interface. Operations of a mobile telecommunications network, e.g., handover, load balancing, are used to illustrate the semantics. We redefine CSP operators and in particular provide the first semantics for the renaming and hiding operators in the context of channel mobility.
In-process detection of grinding burn using machine learning
Authors: Sauter Emil , Sarikaya Erkut , Winter Marius , Wegener Konrad 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe improvement of industrial grinding processes is driven by the objective to reduce process time and costs while maintaining required workpiece quality characteristics. One of several limiting factors is grinding burn. Usually applied techniques for workpiece burn are conducted often only for selected parts and can be time consuming. This study presents a new approach for grinding burn detection realized for each ground part under near-production conditions. Based on the in-process measurement of acoustic emission, spindle electric current, and power signals, time-frequency transforms are conducted to derive almost 900 statistical features as an input for machine learning algorithms. Using genetic programming, an optimized combination between feature selector and classifier is determined to detect grinding burn. The application of the approach results in a high classification accuracy of about 99% for the binary problem and more than 98% for the multi-classdetection case, respectively.
Subsidizing risk prevention
Authors: Menegatti Mario 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis work examines the effects of different kinds of subsidies on risk prevention from a theoretical standpoint. We show that both a subsidy on the cost of prevention activities and a subsidy on wealth have ambiguous effects on the level of present contemporaneous prevention. Similar kinds of subsidies have however increasing effects on the level of advance prevention and, under plausible assumptions, on future levels of contemporaneous prevention. We also show that social security subsidies may have decreasing effects on prevention activities while a kind of reverse social security has an increasing effects on them. This indicates that there is a trade-off between the social security aim of mitigating the negative consequences of bad events and the prevention aim of incentivizing choices which reduce the probability that these bad events occur.
Screening for adverse childhood experiences in preventive medicine settings: a scoping review
Authors: Mishra Kratika , Atkins Daniel E. , Gutierrez Brenda , Wu Jinli , Cousineau Michael R. , Hempel Susanne 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Aim
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with numerous adverse mental and physical health outcomes. While interest in routine screening for ACEs is growing, there is still significant opposition to universal screening. This review explores the feasibility of implementing routine screening for ACEs in primary care settings.

Subject and methods
We searched PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO, reference-mined relevant reviews, and consulted with key experts (June 2020). Studies from 1970 to date evaluating screening for childhood trauma, adversity, and ACEs in a routine healthcare setting, reporting quantitative or qualitative data were eligible. The project is registered in Open Science Framework (osf.io/5wef8) and reporting follows PRISMA-ScR guidelines.

Results
Searches retrieved 1402 citations. Of 246 publications screened as full text, 43 studies met inclusion criteria. Studies evaluated provider burden, familiarity with ACEs, practice characteristics, barriers to screening, frequency of ACE inquiry, reported or desired training, patient comfort, and referrals to support services.

Conclusions
This review found that the following factors increase the likelihood that ACE screenings can be successfully integrated into healthcare settings: staff trainings that increase provider confidence and competence in administering screenings, accessible and robust mental health resources, and organizational support. Further research should examine the scalability and sustainability of universal screening.
Is lifestyle change around retirement associated with better physical performance in older age?: insights from a longitudinal cohort
Authors: Robinson Sian M. , Westbury Leo D. , Ward Kate , Syddall Holly , Cooper Rachel , Cooper Cyrus , Sayer Avan A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA growing evidence base links individual lifestyle factors to physical performance in older age, but much less is known about their combined effects, or the impact of lifestyle change. In a group of 937 participants from the MRC National Survey of Health and Development, we examined their number of lifestyle risk factors at 53 and 60–64 years in relation to their physical performance at 60–64, and the change in number of risk factors between these ages in relation to change in physical performance. At both assessments, information about lifestyle (physical activity, smoking, diet) was obtained via self-reports and height and weight were measured. Each participant’s number of lifestyle risk factors out of: obesity (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2); inactivity (no leisure time physical activity over previous month); current smoking; poor diet (diet quality score in bottom quarter of distribution) was determined at both ages. Physical performance: measured grip strength, chair rise and standing balance times at both ages and conditional change (independent of baseline) in physical performance outcomes from 53 to 60–64 were assessed. There were some changes in the pattern of lifestyle risk factors between assessments: 227 (24%) participants had fewer risk factors by age 60–64; 249 (27%) had more. Reductions in risk factors were associated with better physical performance at 60–64 and smaller declines over time (all p < 0.05); these associations were robust to adjustment. Strategies to support reduction in number of lifestyle risk factors around typical retirement age may have beneficial effects on physical performance in early older age.
Distribution, behavior, and erosion of uranium in vineyard soils
Authors: Campos Daniel A. , Blanché Sophia , Jungkunst Hermann F. , Philippe Allan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPhosphate fertilization contributes to an input of uranium (U) in agricultural soils. Although its accumulation and fate in agricultural soils have been previously studied, its colloidal transport and accumulation along slopes through erosion have been studied to a lesser extent in viticulture soils. To bridge this gap, the contents and potential mobility of U were investigated in vineyard model soils in the Rhineland-Palatinate region, Germany. In addition to elevated U contents, U was expected to associate with colloids and subject to erosion, thus accumulating on slope foots and in soils with fine structure, and reflecting a greater variability. Moreover, another expectation was the favorable erosion/mobility of U in areas with greater carbonate content. This was tested in three regional locations, at different slope positions and through soil horizon depths, with a total of 57 soil samples. The results show that U concentrations (0.48–1.26 ppm) were slightly higher than proximal non-agricultural soils (0.50 ppm), quite homogenous along slope positions, and slightly higher in topsoils. Assuming a homogeneous fertilization, the vertical translocation of U in soil was most probably higher than along the slope by erosion. In addition, carbonate content and soil texture correlated with U concentrations, whereas other parameters such as organic carbon and iron contents did not. The central role of carbonate and soil texture for the prediction of U content was confirmed using decision trees and elastic net, although their limited prediction power suggests that a larger sample size with a larger range of U content is required to improve the accuracy. Overall, we did not observe neither U nor colloids accumulating on slope foots, thus suggesting that soils are aggregate-stable. Lastly, we suggested considering further soil parameters (e.g., Ca2+, phosphorus, alkali metals) in future works to improve our modelling approach. Overall, our results suggest U is fortunately immobile in the studied locations.
Investigation of the effect of residual stresses in the subsurface on process forces for consecutive orthogonal cuts
Authors: Wöste F. , Kimm J. , Bergmann J. A. , Theisen W. , Wiederkehr P. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe quality and surface integrity of machined parts is influenced by residual stresses in the subsurface resulting from cutting operations. These stress characteristics can not only affect functional properties such as fatigue life, but also the process forces during machining. Especially for orthogonal cutting as an appropriate experimental analogy setup for machining operations like milling, different undeformed chip thicknesses cause specific residual stress formations in the subsurface area. In this work, the process-related depth profile of the residual stress in AISI 4140 was investigated and correlated to the resulting cutting forces. Furthermore, an analysis of the microstructure of the cut material was performed, using additional characterization techniques such as electron backscatter diffraction and nanoindentation to account for subsurface alterations. On this basis, the influence of process-related stress profiles on the process forces for consecutive orthogonal cutting strategies is evaluated and compared to the results of a numerical model. The insights obtained provide a basis for future investigations on, e. g., empirical modeling of process forces including the influence of process-specific characteristics such as residual stress.
Dual Convolution for the Affine Group of the Real Line
Authors: Choi Yemon , Ghandehari Mahya 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe Fourier algebra of the affine group of the real line has a natural identification, as a Banach space, with the space of trace-class operators on $$L^2({{\mathbb {R}}}^\times , dt/ |t|)$$

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Use of the Spare-Part Strategy to Reconstruct the External Auditory Canal After Subtotal Auriculectomy for Basal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Pignatti Marco , Sorbi Gioia , Pinto Valentina , Sorrenti Giovanni , Cipriani Riccardo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAfter removal of an infiltrative BCC of the auditory meatus, a soft tissue defect of the temporal-mastoid area with bone exposure, needed reconstruction. Several options have been taken into account and a simple yet effective solution has been found following the spare-parts principle. The ear lobe, preserved during cancer removal, was split and used as a thin skin flap. Adequate coverage of the bone exposure and resurfacing of the external auditory canal was obtained with minimal donor site morbidity and a short surgery in a fragile patient with several comorbidities. The spare-parts strategy can provide successful solution to difficult reconstructive cases regardless of the anatomical area.
Understanding the links between self-concept, sociocultural deviance and mental health problems in pathological social withdrawal
Authors: Wu Alison Fang-Wei , Chou Tai-Li , Catmur Caroline , Lau Jennifer Y. F. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPathological social withdrawal (PSW), an extreme form of socially avoidant behaviour, is emerging as a global public health issue. Prior PSW theories implicate personal values that deviate from sociocultural norms resulting in inner conflict and mental health problems. Speculatively, this conflict could manifest or be embedded within a person’s cognitive and affective self-concepts (self-construal and self-esteem respectively). In this study, we tested the hypotheses that compared to those without PSW, individuals with PSW would have lower personal and collective self-esteem, and endorse independent and/or interdependent self-construals to differing degrees. 343 Taiwanese adults completed a two-step online survey, which consisted measuring their social withdrawal condition, sociocultural deviance, personal/collective self-esteem, independent/interdependent self-construal and mental health problems. As expected, data showed that the affected group had lower self-esteem than the unaffected group, but no group difference emerged in either self-construal dimension. We also found that personal self-esteem in the PSW group was (concurrently) associated with sociocultural deviance and symptoms of poor mental health. Our results tentatively supported theories of PSW, suggesting that the influences individuals’ personal self-esteem and sociocultural deviance should be considered in future studies or treatments/preventions.
Uptake and accumulation of heavy metals by water body and Azolla filiculoides in the Anzali wetland
Authors: Hassanzadeh Mahsa , Zarkami Rahmat , Sadeghi Roghayeh 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe Anzali international wetland is a valuable habitat to a wide variety of aquatic flora and fauna. This wetland ecosystem is being threatened due to various pollutants particularly the heavy metals discharging from different point and non-point sources. Concentration of various heavy metals (Cr, Pb, Hg, Cu, Zn, Cd, Ag and Ti) was examined in the water body and Azolla filiculoides (an exotic fern in the Anzali wetland). The samples regarding water and A. filiculoides were randomly carried out in three parts of the wetland (eastern, central and western parts) in May 2015. After preparing and digesting the samples, the concentration of the heavy metals was measured using ICP OES method. The obtained results showed that the concentration of Zn in water and A. filiculoides samples was higher than other heavy meals in all parts of the wetland (p < 0.05). Overall, concentration of the heavy metals was significantly higher in the eastern part of the wetland than other two sampling locations (p < 0.05). Also with comparing the concentration of the heavy metals in water and A. filiculoides, it was found that all examined metals (except Cd and Ag) in A. filiculoides had significantly higher concentration than water sample, while Cd and Ag in water and A. filiculoides did not have a significant difference with each other. Based on the results, it can be concluded that A. filiculoides can effectively absorb Cr, Pb, Zn, Hg, Cu, Cd, Ag and Ti so that it might be used as a valuable species for the bioremediation and the removal of heavy metals from the wetland.
C-reactive protein and procalcitonin for antimicrobial stewardship in COVID-19
Authors: Pink Isabell , Raupach David , Fuge Jan , Vonberg Ralf-Peter , Hoeper Marius M. , Welte Tobias , Rademacher Jessica 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread around the world. Differentiation between pure viral COVID-19 pneumonia and secondary infection can be challenging. In patients with elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) on admission physicians often decide to prescribe antibiotic therapy. However, overuse of anti-infective therapy in the pandemic should be avoided to prevent increasing antimicrobial resistance. Procalcitonin (PCT) and CRP have proven useful in other lower respiratory tract infections and might help to differentiate between pure viral or secondary infection.

Methods
We performed a retrospective study of patients admitted with COVID-19 between 6th March and 30th October 2020. Patient background, clinical course, laboratory findings with focus on PCT and CRP levels and microbiology results were evaluated. Patients with and without secondary bacterial infection in relation to PCT and CRP were compared. Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the best discriminating cut-off value of PCT and CRP with the corresponding sensitivity and specificity was calculated.

Results
Out of 99 inpatients (52 ICU, 47 Non-ICU) with COVID-19, 32 (32%) presented with secondary bacterial infection during hospitalization. Patients with secondary bacterial infection had higher PCT (0.4 versus 0.1 ng/mL; p = 0.016) and CRP (131 versus 73 mg/L; p = 0.001) levels at admission and during the hospital stay (2.9 versus 0.1 ng/mL; p < 0.001 resp. 293 versus 94 mg/L; p < 0.001). The majority of patients on general ward had no secondary bacterial infection (93%). More than half of patients admitted to the ICU developed secondary bacterial infection (56%). ROC analysis of highest PCT resp. CRP and secondary infection yielded AUCs of 0.88 (p < 0.001) resp. 0.86 (p < 0.001) for the entire cohort. With a PCT cut-off value at 0.55 ng/mL, the sensitivity was 91% with a specificity of 81%; a CRP cut-off value at 172 mg/L yielded a sensitivity of 81% with a specificity of 76%.

Conclusion
PCT and CRP measurement on admission and during the course of the disease in patients with COVID-19 may be helpful in identifying secondary bacterial infections and guiding the use of antibiotic therapy.
Eating psychopathology in ballet dancers: a meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: Silverii G. A. , Benvenuti F. , Morandin G. , Ricca V. , Monami M. , Mannucci E. , Rotella F. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objective
To assess whether ballet dancers have higher eating psychopathology mean scores than the general population.

Methods
Meta-analysis of cross-sectional observational studies comparing the scores of one or more of the validated eating psychopathological scales between ballet dancers and any control groups.

Results
Twelve studies were included in the metanalysis. Ballet dancers had a significantly higher EAT score (12 studies retrieved, SMD 0.82 [95% CI 0.44–1.19], p < 0.00001, I2 = 84)]; subgroup analysis suggested a possible role of control subjects’ choice in explaining heterogeneity. Scores on the EDI subscales of Drive for Thinness, Bulimia, and Body dissatisfaction were available from four studies; Drive for Thinness was higher in ballet dancers (SMD 0.62 [0.01, 1.22]), as well as the Bulimia scale (SMD 0.38 [0.02, 0.73], p = 0.04) and the Body Dissatisfaction scale (SMD 0.34 [0.15, 0.53]). Data on Perfectionism, Interpersonal problems, Ineffectiveness, and Maturity fears, were available from three studies. Higher scores in Perfectionism (SMD 0.68 [0.24, 1.12] p = 0.02), Interpersonal problems (SMD 0.24 [0.02, 0.47], in Inefficacy, (SMD 2.18 [1.31, 3.06]) were found for ballet dancers; on the other hand, Maturity fears scores were not significantly different between ballet dancers and controls (IV-MD = 0.15 [− 0.07, 0.36]). Seven studies reported tests not performed elsewhere.

Discussion
Ballet dancers show a higher level of restriction and drive for thinness than controls, and they may be, therefore, at higher risk for the development of eating disorders. Available studies do not allow the discrimination of dysfunctional eating attitudes and behaviors from adaptive responses.

Level of evidence
Level I (evidence obtained from systematic reviews and meta-analyses).