bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prenatal and Perinatal Factors Associated with Pediatric Autism Spectrum Disorder in East China
Authors: Li Yu , Han Lu , Ding Ning , Zhang Ziyi , Lin Yuan , Ke Xiaoyan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition characterized by persistent challenges in social communication and interaction and restricted/repetitive patterns of behavior, interests or activities. An increasing number of studies have revealed that environmental exposure is a potential risk factor for ASD. The relationship between prenatal and perinatal risk factors and ASD has rarely been studied in large samples in China. Therefore, in this study, we compared children with ASD with typical developing (TD) children to assess the ASD-associated prenatal and perinatal risk factors and provide effective information for ASD prevention.
Methods
A case-control study of 709 children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and 709 gender-matched children with typical development was conducted to investigate the prenatal and perinatal risk factors of children with ASD compared with children with typical development ( TD). Through a self-developed general information questionnaire, the basic information (name, age, gender), prenatal factors (parents’ age at the child’s birth, parents’ education levels, use of assisted reproductive technology, history of miscarriage, gestational diabetes mellitus, gestational hypertension), and perinatal factors (delivery mode, full-term birth, parity, birth weight) of the children in the two groups were examined.
Results
The prenatal and perinatal factors of the groups were submitted to univariate analysis, the parent’s age at childbirth, education level, history of miscarriage, use of ART, pregnancy-induced hypertension, and GDM differed significantly between the two groups (P<0.05), and that among perinatal factors, infant parity and maturity also differed significantly between the two groups (P<0.05). These statistically significant factors were included in a binary logistic regression model. The results showed that the prenatal factors of young maternal age at the child’s birth (≤24 years vs 25-29 years, OR=2.408,95%CI:1.335~4.345), old paternal age at the childbirth(≥45years vs≤24years, OR=4.744, 95%CI:1.281~17.570 ), pregnancy induced hypertension (OR=6.178, 95%CI:2.311~16.517) and GDM(OR=0.220,95%CI:0.149~0.324), the perinatal factors of preterm birth(OR=4.434, 95%CI:2.872~6.846) and non-firstborn child(OR=1.387, 95%CI:1.029~1.869) are likely risk factors for ASD.
Conclusion
We show that some prenatal and perinatal factors are associated with a high prevalence of ASD in children.
Environmental Amelioration Through Nutrient Calibration: Maximizing Carbon Sequestration in Hydroponic Greenhouse Production of Lactuca Sativa in Lahore’s Spring
Authors: ANWAR MARIA , TAHIR ARIFA 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study explores the applicability of internationally prescribed nutrient recipes to greenhouse hydroponic production in Lahore. Lactuca sativa was hydroponically grown at different nutrient concentrations to uncover optimum nutrition for maximum foliage cover. Conclusions were based on visual analysis of foliage cover, as laboratory analysis of trial plants was beyond the scope of this environmental study. Nutrient levels that displayed the best foliage cover in Lahore-based greenhouse during spring weather were different from concentrations kept in US- or Europe-based hydroponic greenhouses. Plant trials conducted for this article explain the adjustments that must be made to hydroponic recipes discussed in international literature; if they are to be used in polyhouse hydroponic production in Lahore’s warmer climate.
Revisiting The Trapping of Noble Gases (He – Kr) By The Triatomic H3+ and Li3+ Species: A Density Functional Reactivity Theory Study
Authors: He Xin , Guo Chunna , Li Meng , Zhong Shujing , Wan Xinjie , Rong Chunying , Chattaraj Pratim K. , Zhao Dongbo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Small atomic clusters with exotic stability, bonding, aromaticity and reactivity properties can be made use of for various purposes. In this work, we revisit the trapping of noble gas atoms (He – Kr) by the triatomic H3+ and Li3+ species by using some analytical tools from density functional theory, conceptual density functional theory, and the information-theoretic approach. Our results showcase that though similar in geometry, H3+ and Li3+ exhibit markedly different behaviour in bonding, aromaticity, and reactivity properties after the addition of noble gas atoms. Moreover, the exchange-correlation interaction and steric effect are key energy components in stablizing the clusters. This study also finds that the origin of the molecular stability of these species is due to the spatial delocalization of the electron density distribution. Our work provides an additional arsenal towards better understanding of small atomic clusters capturing noble gases.
A dynamically reprogrammable metasurface with self-evolving shape morphing
Authors: Ni Xiaoyue , Bai Yun , Wang Heling , Xue Yeguang , Pan Yuxin , Kim Jin-Tae , Ni Xinchen , Liu Tzu-Li , Yang Yiyuan , Han Mengdi , Huang Yonggang , Rogers John 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Dynamic shape-morphing soft materials systems are ubiquitous in living organisms; they are also of rapidly increasing relevance to emerging technologies in soft machines1–4, flexible electronics5–7, and smart medicines8,9. Soft matter equipped with responsive components can switch between designed shapes or structures, but cannot support the types of dynamic morphing capabilities needed to reproduce natural, continuous processes of interest for many applications10–27. Challenges lie in the development of schemes to reprogram target shapes post fabrication, especially when complexities associated with the operating physics and disturbances from the environment can prohibit the use of deterministic theoretical models to guide inverse design and control strategies3,28–32. Here, we present a mechanical metasurface constructed from a matrix of filamentary metal traces, driven by reprogrammable, distributed Lorentz forces that follow from passage of electrical currents in the presence of a static magnetic field. The resulting system demonstrates complex, dynamic morphing capabilities with response times within 0.1 s. Implementing an in-situ stereo-imaging feedback strategy with a digitally controlled actuation scheme guided by an optimization algorithm, yields surfaces that can self-evolve into a wide range of 3-dimensional (3D) target shapes with high precision, including an ability to morph against extrinsic or intrinsic perturbations. These concepts support a data-driven approach to the design of dynamic, soft matter, with many unique characteristics.
Silicon Mitigates Nutritional Stress of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Calcium Deficiency in Two Forages Plants
Authors: Araújo William Bruno Silva , Teixeira Gelza Carliane Marques , Prado Renato de Mello , Rocha Antonio Márcio Souza 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Forages are one of the most cultivated crops in the world. However nutritional deficiency is common, specifically in N, P and Ca in many forages growing regions. Silicon (Si) can attenuate the stress caused by nutritional deficiency, but studies on the effects of Si supply on in forages plants are still scarce. This research was carried out to evaluate whether the Si supply can mitigate the effects of N, P and Ca deficiencies of two forages and the physiological and nutritional mechanisms involved. Two experiments were carried out with two forage species (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu and Megathyrsus maximum cv. Massai). Was used nutrient solution under balanced nutrition conditions and nutritional stress due to the lack of N, P and Ca combined with the -Si and +Si. The deficiencies of N, P and Ca in both forages cultivation caused damage to physiological and nutritional variables, hence decreasing the plant dry matter. However, in both species forages the addition of Si to the nutrient solution decreased the extravasation of cellular electrolytes and increased the content of phenolic compounds, the green color index, the quantum efficiency of photosystem II, the efficiencies of use of N, P and Ca and the production of shoot dry mass. The beneficial effects of Si were evidenced in stressed and non-stressed plants. The research emphasized the advantage of using Si for the growth of U. brizantha and M. maximum under N, P and Ca deficiency, contributing to their sustainable cultivation.
Adult Plant Stem Rust Resistance in Durum Wheat Glossy Huguenot – Mapping, Marker Development and Validation
Authors: Mago Rohit , Chen Chunhong , Xia Xiaodi , Whan Alex , Forrest Kerrie , Basnet Bhoja R. , Perera Geetha , Chandramohan Sutha , Randhawa Mandeep , Hayden Matthew , Bansal Urmil , Huerta-Espino Julio , Singh Ravi P. , Bariana Harbans , Lagudah Evans 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
An F3 population from a Glossy Huguenot (GH)/Bansi cross used in a previous Australian study was advanced to F6 for molecular mapping of adult plant stem rust resistance. Maturity differences among F6 lines confounded assessments of stem rust response. GH was crossed with a stem rust susceptible F6 recombinant inbred line (RIL), GHB14 (M14), with similar maturity and an F6:7 population was developed through single seed descent method. F7 and F8 RILs were tested along with the parents at different locations. The F6 individual plants and both parents were genotyped using the 90K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) wheat array. Stem rust resistance QTL on the long arms of chromosomes 1B (QSrGH.cs-1BL) and 2A (QSrGH.cs-2AL) were detected. QSrGH.cs-1BL and QSrGH.cs-2AL were both contributed by GH and explained 22% and 18% adult plant stem rust response variation, respectively, among GH/M14 RIL population. RILs carrying combinations of these QTL reduced more than 14% stem rust severity compared to those that possessed QSrGH.cs-1BL and QSrGH.cs-2AL individually. QSrGH.cs1BL was demonstrated to be the same as Sr58/Lr46/Yr29/Pm39 through marker genotyping. Lines lacking QSrGH.cs-1BL were used to Mendelise QSrGH.cs-2AL. Based on genomic locations of previously catalogued stem rust resistance genes and the QSrGH.cs-2AL map, it appeared to represent a new APR locus and was permanently named Sr63. SNP markers associated with Sr63 were converted to kompetetive allele specific PCR (KASP) assays and were validated on a set of durum cultivars.
Probiotic Characterization And Safety Assessment of Lactococcus Lactis Subsp. Lactis R7 Isolated From Ricotta Cheese
Authors: Cunha Charlene , Uecker Júlia Neitzel , Jaskulski Itiane Barcellos , Rosolen Michele Dutra , Bordini Fernanda Weber , Andreazza Robson , Hubner Silvia de Oliveira , Fiorentini Ângela Maria , Silva Wladimir Padilha da , Pieniz Simone 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify and characterize in vitro Lactococcus lactis R7 isolated from commercial ricotta cheese. The results from phenotypic characterization demonstrated that L. lactis R7 had growth potential in a wide temperature range (15 °C and 45 °C), ability to tolerate high osmotic concentrations (sodium chloride 4.0 %), ability to growth in acidic and alkaline condition (pH 2.0 and 9.6), and ability to sugar fermentation (glucose, maltose and ribose). The findings confirm that L. lactis R7 belong to the genus Lactococcus. The results from molecular identification by 16S RNA identified the isolate as Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis R7. The phenotypic characteristics combined with the molecular identification, indicate that the isolate R7 belongs to the lactis subspecies. The isolate L. lactis R7 was tolerant to acidity and bile salts. In the intestinal tract, cell concentrations were higher than 7.98 log CFU.mL-1 in the presence and absence of bile salts. L. lactis R7 showed antioxidant and inhibitory capacity for lipid peroxidation. It also demonstrated capacity for self-aggregation (25.8%), coaggregation (18.3%) and hydrophobicity (11.1%). The antagonist activity of the isolate was greater against Staphylococcus aureus (12.2 mm), when compared to Escherichia coli (11.1 mm) and Salmonella enteritidis (9.5 mm). In the MTT assays, L. lactis R7 did not show cytotoxicity to VERO cells at the evaluated concentrations. In conclusion, L. lactis R7 isolated from ricotta cheese presented probiotic characteristics and compatible safety aspects for use as a food technology culture.
Diet, Physical Activity, and UV Protection Comprehensively Influenced Vitamin D Status: A Cross-Section Study of Chinese College Students
Authors: Luo Yingyi , Qu Chunbo , Zhang Rui , Zhang Jingyi , Han Dan , Zhang Qingwen , Li Jiaxing , Na Lixin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a major public health problem in China while there are seldom reports about vitamin D nutrition status in Chinese college students. The purpose of this study is to explore the vitamin D status of the college freshmen who came from different provinces of China and to comprehensive analyze the effects of diet, physical activity, and UV protection on serum vitamin D levels. Methods: Totally 1,667 freshmen who came from 26 provinces, autonomous districts or municipalities, were recruited into this study. An online questionnaire was used to collect the information including demographic status, diet habit, physical activity, and UV protection of the participants. Serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations were measured using a liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer. Multivariate linear regression analyses were used to explore the comprehensive influence of diet, physical activity, and UV protection on serum 25(OH)D3 levels. Results: The average age of the subjects was18.55±0.90 years, with 23.0% male and 77.0% female. The mean serum 25(OH)D3 was 18.06±6.34ng/mL and the proportion of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency was 67.5% and 27.8%, respectively. Multivariate linear regression indicated that milk and yogurt intake≥200mL/d, calcium or vitamin D supplements and average time of outdoor activity ≥60 min/day were positively linked to higher serum vitamin D while sweets intake ≥10g/d and higher UV protection index were negatively influenced serum vitamin D after adjusted for age, gender, students’ original residence, latitudes and longitude. Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency is an important health problem in Chinese college students. Milk and yogurt intake and outdoor activity should be encouraged while sweets intake should be limited for preventing vitamin D deficiency. Public health policies should consider well-balanced guidelines on UV protection and vitamin D food fortification or supplementation.
Development of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers of Loteprednol Etabonate: Physicochemical Characterization and Ex Vivo Permeation Studies
Authors: Üner Burcu , Özdemir Samet , Taş Çetin , Özsoy Yıldız , Üner Melike 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose Loteprednol etabonate (LE) is a new generation corticosteroid that is used for the treatment of inflammatory and allergic conditions of the eye, and management of seasonal allergic rhinitis nasally. LE which is a poorly soluble drug with insufficient bioavailability, has a high binding affinity to steroid receptors. Sophisticated colloidal drug delivery systems of LE could present an alternative for treatment of inflammatory and allergic conditions of the skin. For this purpose, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) were attempted to improve for transdermal LE delivery for the first time. Methods SLN and NLC were produced by hot homogenization and ultrasonication technique. Formulations were characterized by dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. Their physical stability was monitored for 3 months of storage. Drug release profiles and permeation properties of SLN and NLC through the porcine skin were investigated. Results It was determined that SLN and NLC below 150 nm particle size had a homogeneous particle size distribution as well as high drug loading capacities. They were found to be stable both physically and chemically at room temperature for 90 days. In terms of release kinetics, it was determined that they released from SLN and NLC in accordance with Fickian diffusion release. Formulations prepared in this study were seen to significantly increase drug penetration through pig skin compared to the control group (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion SLN and NLC formulations of LE can be stated among the systems that can be an alternative to conventional systems with less side-effect profile in the treatment of inflammatory problems on the skin.
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)- A Safe and Effective Vasodilator for Stress Perfusion Cardiac Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Kong Huihui , An Jing , Cao Jiaxin , Tang Zhenchao , Tian Jinfan , Yong Jingwen , Song Xiantao , He Yi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency and safety of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as a stress agent in a cohort of patients undergoing stress perfusion cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR).
Methods

This retrospective study was conducted between December 2019 and October 2021 at the Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. The study included 107 subjects (age range: 53±11 years; male: female, 62%:38%) with suspected non-obstructive coronary artery disease (NOCAD) that underwent stress CMR. These patients showed typical symptoms such as chest pain (stable and unstable angina pectoris) and <50% epicardial coronary artery stenosis based on coronary angiography. Adverse effects and splenic switch‑off (SSO) phenomenon was evaluated in the patients undergoing stress CMR. Moreover, qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis of inducible ischemia was performed by using stress CMR data.
Results

The qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis of stress CMR data showed 82 patients with reversible myocardial ischemia. The hemodynamic response was quick and observed within 2 minutes after ATP infusion. Scanning was stopped in three patients because of atrioventricular block. CMR images of seven out of 104 patients were excluded from the final analysis because of inferior quality. During ATP infusion, 31/107 patients (29%) experienced mild adverse effects such as chest pain, flushing, dyspnea, headache, and atrioventricular block. Myocardial infarction and bronchospasms were not observed during ATP infusion. SSO, a marker of adequate stress, was observed in 91% (94/103) of the patients that underwent stress CMR.
Conclusion

ATP is highly effective and safe to use in stress CMR as a coronary vasodilator.The hemodynamic response is observed within 2 minutes after ATP infusion.The adverse effects during ATP infusion were mild. SSO was observed in 91% of the patients undergoing stress CMR.
Prolylcarboxypeptidase Promotes IGF1R/HER3 Signaling and Is a Potential Target to Improve Endocrine Therapy Response in Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Duan Lei , Calhoun Sarah J , Perez Ricardo E , Macias Virgilia , Mir Fatima , Gattuso Paolo , Maki Carl G. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background Prolylcarboxypeptidase (PRCP) is a lysosomal serine protease that cleaves peptide substrates when the penultimate amino acid is proline. Previous studies have linked PRCP to blood-pressure and appetite control through its ability to cleave peptide substrates such as angiotensin II and a-MSH. A potential role for PRCP in cancer has to date not been widely appreciated. Endocrine therapy resistance in breast cancer is an enduring clinical problem mediated in part by aberrant receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling. We previously found PRCP overexpression promoted tamoxifen (TAM) resistance in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer cells. Currently we tested the potential association between PRCP with breast cancer patient outcome and RTK signaling, and tumor responsiveness to endocrine therapy. Methods We analyzed PRCP protein expression by IHC staining of ER+ breast cancer samples and PRCP gene expression in clinical databases and used Kaplan-Meier survival curves to determine the significance of PRCP expression correlation with recurrence free survival and overall survival. We analyzed PRCP-regulated IGF1R/HER3 signaling using immunoblotting in the ER+ MCF7 cell line. We analyzed the therapeutic effect of a PRCP specific inhibitor (PRCPi) and/or endoxifen on tumor growth of ER+ PDX tumors and MCF7 tumors in immunocompromised mice. ResultsWe found high PRCP protein levels in tumors associates with worse outcome and earlier recurrence in breast cancer patients, including patients treated with TAM. Analyses of clinical databases showed that PRCP expression correlates with IGF1 and NRG1 expression and their target genes and earlier recurrence in endocrine-treated ER+/HER2- breast cancer patients. Overexpression of PRCP increased IGF1R/HER3 signaling. PRCPi blocked IGF1R/HER3 signaling and enhanced the response of ER+ breast cancer tumors in mice to endoxifen, the active metabolite of TAM. ConclusionsPRCP is an adverse prognostic marker in breast cancer and a potential target to improve endocrine therapy in ER+ breast cancers.
Safety and pharmacokinetic profile of pretomanid (PA-824) in healthy Chinese participants: Results of a phase I single dose escalation study
Authors: Liu Yue , Tan Yan , Wei Gang , Lu Zhifei , Liu Yazhou , Yang Bo , Hui Ai-Min , Li Kexin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We investigated the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of pretomanid (formerly PA-824) in healthy Chinese volunteers. This was a single-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase I dose escalation study, in which healthy volunteers were consecutively allocated to increasing pretomanid dose groups (50, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, or 1000 mg) and randomized to receive pretomanid or matching placebo. The primary objective was to evaluate the safety, tolerability and PK profile of pretomanid. In total, 306 volunteers were screened, and 60 were assigned to treatment (pretomanid: n=46, placebo: n=14) of whom 83.3% were male, age ranged from 19-39 years and BMI ranged from 19.2-25.9 kg/m2. At least one adverse event (AE) was reported by 67.4% of patients assigned to pretomanid and 50.0% of those who received placebo, there were no serious AEs or AEs leading to withdrawal. Drug-related events that occurred in ≥5% of participants assigned to pretomanid were proteinuria (26.1%), hematuria (15.2%), conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (6.5%), hyperbilirubinemia (6.5%) and elevated uric acid (6.5%). No relationship between pretomanid dose and AEs was observed. In the PK analysis (n=46), maximum pretomanid plasma concentration was reached in a mean of 4 hours in all dose groups except 800 mg (12 hours) and the plasma half-life ranged from 20.2-25.2 hours. No dose proportionality was observed for maximum plasma concentration, or area under the plasma concentration curve. In conclusion, single pretomanid doses from 50-1000 mg were well tolerated in healthy Chinese participants and the PK profile was generally consistent with findings in non-Chinese populations.
Identification of driver genes and biological signaling for alcoholic myopathy
Authors: Li Jing , Wang Letian , Gu Hanming 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Long-term alcohol consumption contributes to muscle weakness and atrophy. However, the mechanism and biological functions are still not clear. In this study, we aim to identify the significantly changed genes and potential signaling pathways in the gastrocnemius and plantaris muscle from C57BL/6Hsd mice by analyzing RNA sequence. The GSE183665 dataset was created by using the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 (Mus musculus). The KEGG and GO analyses showed that "cell migration", "cell adhesion", and "apoptosis" are major biological processes in the skeletal muscles. Moreover, we identified a number of genes including POSTN, GNAI2, MMP2, ELN, CCND1, CXCL12, COL6A1, COL6A2, SFRP2, and FSTL1 by using the PPI network and Reactome map. Thus, our study may shed light on the development of drugs on alcohol myopathy.