bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlations of typical pain patterns with SPECT/CT findings in unhappy patients after total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Mathis Dominic T. , Tschudi Samuel , Amsler Felix , Hauser Antonia , Rasch Helmut , Hirschmann Michael T. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The diagnostic process in patients after painful total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is challenging. The more clinical and radiological information about a patient with pain after TKA is included in the assessment, the more reliable and sustainable the advice regarding TKA revision can be. The primary aim was to investigate the position of TKA components and evaluate bone tracer uptake (BTU) using pre-revision SPECT/CT and correlate these findings with previously published pain patterns in painful patients after TKA.

Methods
A prospectively collected cohort of 83 painful primary TKA patients was retrospectively evaluated. All patients followed a standardized diagnostic algorithm including 99m-Tc-HDP-SPECT/CT, which led to a diagnosis indicating revision surgery. Pain character, location, dynamics and radiation were systematically assessed as well as TKA component position in 3D-CT. BTU was anatomically localized and quantified using a validated localization scheme. Component positioning and BTU were correlated with pain characteristics using non-parametric Spearman correlations (p < 0.05).

Results
Based on Spearman’s rho, significant correlations were found between pain and patients characteristics and SPECT/CT findings resulting in nine specific patterns. The most outstanding ones include: Pattern 1: More flexion in the femoral component correlated with tender/splitting pain and patella-related pathologies. Pattern 3: More varus in the femoral component correlated with dull/heavy and tingling/stinging pain during descending stairs, unloading and long sitting in patients with high BMI and unresurfaced patella. Pattern 6: More posterior slope in the tibial component correlated with constant pain.

Conclusion
The results of this study help to place component positioning in the overall context of the "painful knee arthroplasty" including specific pain patterns. The findings further differentiate the clinical picture of a painful TKA. Knowing these patterns enables a prediction of the cause of the pain to be made as early as possible in the diagnostic process before the state of pain becomes chronic.

Level of evidence
Level III
Trophic upgrading of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids by polychaetes: a stable isotope approach using Alitta virens
Authors: Pairohakul Supanut , Olive Peter J. W. , Bentley Matthew G. , Caldwell Gary S. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPolychaete worms are rich sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and are increasingly incorporated into aquaculture broodstock diets. Conventionally, the build-up of PUFA in polychaetes was considered passive, with direct accumulation along the food web, originating with microalgae and other primary producers. However, it has been argued that polychaetes (and other multicellular eukaryotes) are capable of PUFA biosynthesis through the elongation and desaturation of precursor lipids. We further test this hypothesis in the ecologically and economically important nereid polychaete Alitta virens by adopting a stable isotope labelling approach. Worms were fed a 13C-1-palmitic acid (C16:0) enriched diet with the resulting isotopically enriched lipid products identified over a 7-day period. The data showed strong evidence of lipid elongation and desaturation, but with a high rate of PUFA turnover. A putative biosynthetic pathway is proposed, terminating with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) via arachidonic (AA) and eicosapentaenoic acids (EPA) and involving a Δ8 desaturase.
Renal Implications of Left Renal Vein Ligation for Portal Flow Augmentation in Liver Transplantation
Authors: Shankar Sadhana , Rammohan Ashwin , Balasubramanian Balaji , Palaniappan Kumar , Rajalingam Rajesh , Rela Mohamed 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundSpontaneous lienorenal shunts (SLS) siphon blood away from the portal circulation and may compromise portal inflow in liver transplantation (LT). Performing a left renal vein ligation (LRVL) is a relatively easy and efficacious method of overcoming this portal ‘steal’. However, given the delicate state of renal function in these patients, its short and long term effects remain undefined. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of LRVL in augmenting portal flow and safety with regards to renal function.MethodsA prospectively collected database of 1638 consecutive LT recipients between January 2010 and August 2020 was reviewed. Twenty‐eight patients who underwent LRVL were identified. There were six paediatric recipients, who were analysed separately. Data with regards to imaging, renal function, intraoperative portal hemodynamics, and renal morbidity were analysed.ResultsOf the 22 adults, 21 underwent live donor LT. 22.5% had a pre‐transplant history of acute kidney injury (AKI). Pre‐operative CT demonstrated portal vein thrombosis and SLS in 63.6% and 92.9% of patients respectively. LRVL resulted in a significant augmentation of portal hemodynamics in both the adult and paediatric recipients. Postoperatively, 14.3% and 35.7% of patients developed chylous drain output and AKI respectively. Of 13 patients who underwent CT at various timeframes, 5 patients had a partial re‐canalisation of LRV at 6 months.ConclusionFrom renal and portal standpoints, LRVL is a safe and effective technique of augmenting portal inflow. Further large‐scale multicentre studies and consensus will help define an objective algorithmic approach to LT recipients with SLS.
Clinical Implications of Combined Lymphocyte and Neutrophil Count in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer After Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Yoon Sunseok , Oh Yoon , Oh Seung Yeop 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere are controversies about the ability of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio to predict the recurrence and survival in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation. The objective of this study is to investigate the prognostic potential of combined lymphocyte count (LC) and neutrophil count (NC) in LARC patients treated with chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by curative surgery.MethodsPatients with LARC who underwent surgical resection between January 2010 and December 2017 were reviewed retrospectively. We divided the patients into three groups: high LC and low NC, low LC and high NC, and the remaining patients. The cut‐off values of LC and NC were determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and log‐rank test statistics. We compared the disease‐free survival (DFS) rate between the groups.ResultsA total of 176 consecutive patients were included in this study. The 5 year DFS rate was significantly different among the three groups in pathologic node (pN)+ patients (73.2% vs. 61.9% vs. 14.2%; P = 0.025). Cox multivariate analysis for pN+ patients demonstrated that combination of low LC and high NC (hazard ratio, 3.630; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.306–10.093; P = 0.013) was significantly correlated with decreased DFS.ConclusionsThis study showed that the combination of LC and NC is a powerful predictive factor for disease recurrence in pN+ LARC patients who underwent CRT.
Occupational cold exposure is associated with increased reporting of airway symptoms
Authors: Stjernbrandt Albin , Stenfors Nikolai , Liljelind Ingrid 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objective
To determine if exposure to cold environments, during work or leisure time, was associated with increased reporting of airway symptoms in the general population of northern Sweden.

Methods
Through a population-based postal survey responded to by 12627 subjects, ages 18–70, living in northern Sweden, the occurrence of airway symptoms was investigated. Cold exposure during work or leisure time was self-reported on numerical rating scales. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the statistical association between cold exposure and airway symptoms.

Results
For currently working subjects (N = 8740), reporting any occupational cold exposure was associated to wheeze (OR 1.3; 95% CI 1.1–1.4); chronic cough (OR 1.2; 95% CI 1.1–1.4); and productive cough (OR 1.3; 95% CI 1.1–1.4), after adjusting for gender, age, body mass index, daily smoking, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Leisure-time cold exposure was not significantly associated to reporting airway symptoms.

Conclusions
Occupational cold exposure was an independent predictor of airway symptoms in northern Sweden. Therefore, a structured risk assessment regarding cold exposure could be considered for inclusion in the Swedish workplace legislation.
Anti-carcinogenic effects of exercise-conditioned human serum: evidence, relevance and opportunities
Authors: Metcalfe Richard S. , Kemp Rachael , Heffernan Shane M. , Churm Rachel , Chen Yung-Chih , Ruffino José S. , Conway Gillian E. , Tornillo Giusy , Orange Samuel T. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractRegular physical activity reduces the risk of several site-specific cancers in humans and suppresses tumour growth in animal models. The mechanisms through which exercise reduces tumour growth remain incompletely understood, but an intriguing and accumulating body of evidence suggests that the incubation of cancer cells with post-exercise serum can have powerful effects on key hallmarks of cancer cell behaviour in vitro. This suggests that exercise can impact tumour biology through direct changes in circulating proteins, RNA molecules and metabolites. Here, we provide a comprehensive narrative overview of what is known about the effects of exercise-conditioned sera on in vitro cancer cell behaviour. In doing so, we consider the key limitations of the current body of literature, both from the perspective of exercise physiology and cancer biology, and we discuss the potential in vivo physiological relevance of these findings. We propose key opportunities for future research in an area that has the potential to identify key anti-oncogenic protein targets and optimise physical activity recommendations for cancer prevention, treatment and survivorship.
From scenario-based seismic hazard to scenario-based landslide hazard: fast-forwarding to the future via statistical simulations
Authors: Lombardo Luigi , Tanyas Hakan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractGround motion scenarios exists for most of the seismically active areas around the globe. They essentially correspond to shaking level maps at given earthquake return times which are used as reference for the likely areas under threat from future ground displacements. Being landslides in seismically actively regions closely controlled by the ground motion, one would expect that landslide susceptibility maps should change as the ground motion patterns change in space and time. However, so far, statistically-based landslide susceptibility assessments have primarily been used as time-invariant.In other words, the vast majority of the statistical models does not include the temporal effect of the main trigger in future landslide scenarios. In this work, we present an approach aimed at filling this gap, bridging current practices in the seismological community to those in the geomorphological and statistical ones. More specifically, we select an earthquake-induced landslide inventory corresponding to the 1994 Northridge earthquake and build a Bayesian Generalized Additive Model of the binomial family, featuring common morphometric and thematic covariates as well as the Peak Ground Acceleration generated by the Northridge earthquake. Once each model component has been estimated, we have run 1000 simulations for each of the 217 possible ground motion scenarios for the study area. From each batch of 1000 simulations, we have estimated the mean and 95% Credible Interval to represent the mean susceptibility pattern under a specific earthquake scenario, together with its uncertainty level. Because each earthquake scenario has a specific return time, our simulations allow to incorporate the temporal dimension into any susceptibility model, therefore driving the results toward the definition of landslide hazard. Ultimately, we also share our results in vector format – a .mif file that can be easily converted into a common shapefile –. There, we report the mean (and uncertainty) susceptibility of each 1000 simulation batch for each of the 217 scenarios.
Noncoercive quasilinear elliptic operators with singular lower order terms
Authors: Farroni Fernando , Greco Luigi , Moscariello Gioconda , Zecca Gabriella 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe consider a family of quasilinear second order elliptic differential operators which are not coercive and are defined by functions in Marcinkiewicz spaces. We prove the existence of a solution to the corresponding Dirichlet problem. The associated obstacle problem is also solved. Finally, we show higher integrability of a solution to the Dirichlet problem when the datum is more regular.
Navigating from live to virtual social interactions: looking at but not manipulating smartphones provokes a spontaneous mimicry response in the observers
Authors: Maglieri Veronica , Riccobono Marco Germain , Giunchi Dimitri , Palagi Elisabetta 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBy gathering data on people during their ordinary daily activities, we tested if looking at, but not manipulating, smartphones led to a mimicry response in the observer. Manipulating and looking at the device (experimental condition), more than its mere manipulation (control condition), was critical to elicit a mimicry response in the observer. Sex, age and relationship quality between the experimenter and the observer had no effect on the smartphone mimicry response that tended to decrease during social meals. Due to the role of food as a tool in increasing social affiliation, it is possible that during communal eating, people engage in other forms of mimicry involving facial expressions and postures rather than the use of objects. Understanding the ethological mechanisms of the use of smartphones at everyday-social scale could unveil the processes at the basis of the widespread/increasing use of these devices at a large scale.
On backward uniqueness for parabolic equations when Osgood continuity of the coefficients fails at one point
Authors: Del Santo Daniele , Prizzi Martino 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe prove the uniqueness for backward parabolic equations whose coefficients are Osgood continuous in time for $$t>0$$

t
>
0

but not at $$t=0$$

t
=
0

.
Meta-analysis of the benefit of hypomethylating agents before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Liu Liu , Jia Menglu , Sun Ling , Tian Wenliang , Tang Ping , Jiang Zhongxing 
Published: April 2021

Abstract Hypomethylating agents (HMAs) are effective therapies in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), but allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is the only way to cure MDS. According to the current literature, it is difficult to confirm whether HMAs bridging therapy is beneficial for MDS patients receiving allo-HSCT. Therefore, we tried to evaluate the effect of HMAs on long-term survival of the MDS patients. Databases, including PubMed, Embase Ovid, and the Cochrane Library, were searched for studies published up to January 10, 2021. Patients who accepted HMAs bridging to allo-HSCT were defined as experimental group, while patients who received the best supportive care (BSC) before allo-HSCT were control group. Overall survival (OS) was the primary end point. Seven studies were included in the final analysis. The final results showed no OS differences between patients accepted HMAs before allo-HSCT and those received BSC (HR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.64–1.15, p = 0.32), indicating that MDS patients' long-term survival did not benefit from HMAs bridging therapy before allo-HSCT. This conclusion needs to be further verified by a large number of prospective randomized controlled trials, which have guiding significance for the treatment of MDS patients.
Green Port Development — Welche Rolle kommt Häfen bei der Erreichung der Klimaziele zu?
Authors: Nitt-Drießelmann Dörte , Wedemeier Jan 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungEin Großteil des europäischen Warentransports erfolgt mit dem Schiff. Häfen, die die Infrastruktur für maritime Aktivitäten bereitstellen, sind wichtige Akteure im maritimen Sektor und von hoher Bedeutung für die europäische Wirtschaft. Um internationale Klimaabkommen erfüllen zu können, müssen Hafenanlagen künftig nachhaltiger und emissionsärmer betrieben werden, damit an den jeweiligen Standorten die lokalen CO2-Fußabdrücke reduziert werden können.
Keynes‘ Überlegungen zu unternehmerischem Handeln unter Unsicherheit
Authors: Hecker Christian 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungAus Sicht von Keynes hängt das Erfolgspotenzial der Marktwirtschaft nicht nur von der staatlichen Wirtschaftspolitik ab, sondern ebenso vom Wirken vorausschauender Unternehmer:innen. Diese sollen sich seiner Meinung nach dadurch auszeichnen, dass sie trotz allgegenwärtiger Unsicherheit langfristige Erwartungen bilden und auf eigene Verantwortung danach handeln. Dadurch tragen sie maßgeblich zu wirtschaftlicher Stabilität, Humankapitalbildung und technischem Fortschritt bei. Aus heutiger Sicht zeigt sich die Bedeutung des Unternehmertums vor allem im Hinblick auf die Entwicklung nachhaltiger Geschäftsmodelle, während die Orientierung an kapitalmarktbasierten Benchmarks zu gravierenden Fehlsteuerungen führen kann.
Frauen in Führungspositionen: Chancen und Risiken durch die COVID-19-Pandemie
Authors: Gulden Vivien-Sophie , Thomsen Stephan L. 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungDie geringe Repräsentation von Frauen in Führungspositionen hat die EU-Kommission dazu veranlasst, Maßnahmen und Ziele für eine gleichberechtigte Führungsverantwortung zu definieren. Zeitgleich haben die Corona-Maßnahmen zu tiefgreifenden Veränderungen der Arbeitsorganisation geführt. Neben einem Überblick zur Situation von Frauen in Führungspositionen wird ein Augenmerk auf die Wirkungen der Corona-Maßnahmen gelegt, um Chancen und Risiken zu identifizieren. Diese Maßnahmen können durch Verhaltensänderungen mit sowohl positiven als auch negativen Effekten verbunden sein. Langfristig dürften Frauen von den veränderten Bedingungen jedoch profitieren.
Chinas Greater Bay Area
Authors: Kuhn Britta 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Volksrepublik China will wichtige Städte ihrer südöstlichen Küstenprovinz Guangdong eng mit Hongkong und Macao verbinden. Geplant ist ein integrierter Wirtschaftsraum, der bis spätestens 2035 eine globale Führungsrolle einnehmen soll. Die Grundidee ist nicht neu, nimmt aber zunehmend Gestalt an. Es gibt allerdings auch große Hindernisse.
Body mass index and bullying victimization as antecedents for depressive symptoms in a Swedish youth cohort
Authors: Kanders Sofia H. , Nilsson Kent W. , Åslund Cecilia 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Aim
The bidirectional association between obesity and depression seen in adults is not clearly established in adolescents. The aim of this study was to investigate the longitudinal association between body mass index (BMI), depressive symptoms and interactions between bullying victimization and BMI, taking gender differences into account.

Subjects and methods
In a Swedish county, self-reported bullying victimization, BMI and depressive symptoms from 1729 adolescents ($$ \overline{y} $$

y
¯

= 14.4, 56% females) were collected in 2012 (wave 1), in 2015 (wave 2) ($$ \overline{y}=17.3 $$

y
¯

=
17.3
) and in 2018 (wave 3) ($$ \overline{y} $$

y
¯

= 19.9). Longitudinal associations were assessed using binary logistic regression models controlling for confounding factors. Interaction effects between BMI and victimization on depressive symptoms were also assessed.

Results
Wave 1 obese males had approximately six times increased odds ratio compared to normal weight, for wave 2 depressive symptoms. W1 overweight was associated with an odds ratio of 1.5 in all participants for wave 3 depressive symptoms. Victimization was consistently associated with higher odds ratio for future depressive symptoms. We found interaction effects between bullying victimization and BMI for future depressive symptoms with different patterns depending on sex.

Conclusion
Given the present findings, bullying needs to be prevented, and, if it occurs, it needs to be stopped at an early stage to prevent future depressive symptoms.
The incidence of pneumonia in the paediatric population in Poland in light of the maps of health needs
Authors: Lange Joanna , Kozielski Jerzy , Bartolik Kinga , Kabicz Paweł , Targowski Tomasz 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In Poland, no statistical data are available concerning the analysis of the incidence of pneumonia in inpatient children. The requirement for these data results mainly from the need to prepare systemic and economic solutions.

Aim
This study aimed to use reported data for evaluating pneumonia incidence rates among hospitalised children and other parameters in various age groups.

Subject and methods
A detailed analysis was performed as part of the Operational Programme Knowledge Education Development co-financed by the European Social Fund. Services reported to the National Health Fund in 2014 were considered, including pneumonia incidence among hospitalised children and mortality in specific age groups.

Results
In 2014, a total of 68,543 children were hospitalised for pneumonia (68% of all hospitalisations for acute respiratory diseases). Within each of the analysed age groups, boys were hospitalised more frequently. Irrespective of the place of residence, infants were most commonly hospitalised. It was observed that there was a significant difference between the incidence rate of pneumonia among hospitalised children in all analysed groups depending on the province. The average length of stay was 7.29 days, with infants requiring the longest stays (7.96 days), and 1.8% of children were rehospitalised within 30 days due to recurrence of pneumonia. The most commonly coded pathogens responsible for pneumonia included Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Chlamydia spp. A total of 19 inpatient hospital deaths in the course of pneumonia were reported.

Conclusions
Based on our findings, it is warranted to utilize epidemiological knowledge for the planning of an appropriate level of service commissioned both in outpatient and inpatient facilities as well as for the estimation of institutional and staff needs necessary to secure these services.
Fiber Orientation Mechanism of Continuous Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics Hybrid Parts Joined with Metallic Pins
Authors: Popp Julian , Kleffel Tobias , Römisch David , Papke Thomas , Merklein Marion , Drummer Dietmar 
Published: April 2021

AbstractContinuous Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic (CFRT) hybrid parts offer interesting possibilities for lightweight application, which can exceed the capabilities of mono material metal or CFRT parts. In this case, the joining technology oftentimes is the limiting factor. This study investigates a joining operation with metal pin structures which are additively manufactured via powder bed fusion featuring different diameters and tip geometries, which are inserted into the locally infrared heated CFRT part. The resulting fiber rearrangement is assessed using transmitted light microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy as well as micro-computer-tomography. It could be shown that for all assessed pin variants a similar distinct fiber displacement can be seen and that the pin diameter has a significant effect on the resulting fiber orientation with smaller pin diameters being advantageous because of gentle fiber displacement and reduced undulation. The tip geometry has only minor effect on the fiber orientation. Especially in the X/Y plane no systematic influence of the tip geometry on the fiber displacement could be observed. Based on the gained insights a three-stage model of the fiber orientation processes is proposed.