bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitation of multiple injection dynamic PET scans: an investigation of the benefits of pooling data from separate scans when mapping kinetics
Authors: Gu Fengyun , O’Sullivan Finbarr , Muzi Mark , Mankoff David A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Multiple injection dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) scanning is used in the clinical management of certain groups of patients and in medical research. The analysis of these studies can be approached in two ways: (i) separate analysis of data from individual tracer injections, or (ii), concatenate/pool data from separate injections and carry out a combined analysis. The simplicity of separate analysis has some practical appeal but may not be statistically efficient. We use a linear model framework associated with a kinetic mapping scheme to develop a simplified theoretical understanding of separate and combined analysis. The theoretical framework is explored numerically using both 1D and 2D simulation models. These studies are motivated by the breast cancer flow-metabolism mismatch studies involving 15O-water (H2O) and 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and repeat 15O-H2O injections used in brain activation investigations. Numerical results are found to be substantially in line with the simple theoretical analysis: mean square error characteristics of alternative methods are well described by factors involving the local voxel-level resolution of the imaging data, the relative activities of the individual scans and the number of separate injections involved. While voxel-level resolution has dependence on scan dose, after adjustment for this effect, the impact of a combined analysis is understood in simple terms associated with the linear model used for kinetic mapping. This is true for both data reconstructed by direct filtered backprojection or iterative maximum likelihood. The proposed analysis has potential to be applied to the emerging long axial field-of-view PET scanners.
Interlayer connectivity reconstruction for multilayer brain networks using phase oscillator models
Authors: Tewarie Prejaas , Prasse Bastian , Meier Jil , Byrne Áine , De Domenico Manlio , Stam Cornelis J , Brookes Matthew J , Hillebrand Arjan , Daffertshofer Andreas , Coombes Stephen , Van Mieghem Piet 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Large-scale neurophysiological networks are often reconstructed from band-pass filtered time series derived from magnetoencephalography (MEG) data. Common practice is to reconstruct these networks separately for different frequency bands and to treat them independently. Recent evidence suggests that this separation may be inadequate, as there can be significant coupling between frequency bands (interlayer connectivity). A multilayer network approach offers a solution to analyze frequency-specific networks in one framework. We propose to use a recently developed network reconstruction method in conjunction with phase oscillator models to estimate interlayer connectivity that optimally fits the empirical data. This approach determines interlayer connectivity based on observed frequency-specific time series of the phase and a connectome derived from diffusion weighted imaging. The performance of this interlayer reconstruction method was evaluated in-silico. Our reconstruction of the underlying interlayer connectivity agreed to very high degree with the ground truth. Subsequently, we applied our method to empirical resting-state MEG data obtained from healthy subjects and reconstructed two-layered networks consisting of either alpha-to-beta or theta-to-gamma band connectivity. Our analysis revealed that interlayer connectivity is dominated by a multiplex structure, i.e. by one-to-one interactions for both alpha-to-beta band and theta-to-gamma band networks. For theta–gamma band networks, we also found a plenitude of interlayer connections between distant nodes, though weaker connectivity relative to the one-to-one connections. Our work is an stepping stone towards the identification of interdependencies across frequency-specific networks. Our results lay the ground for the use of the promising multilayer framework in this field with more-informed and justified interlayer connections.
Search for dark matter production in association with the Z'boson at the LHC in pp collisions at

= 8 TeV using Monte Carlo simulations *
Authors: Elgammal S. , Louka M. A. , Ellithi A. Y. , Hussein M. T. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This analysis evaluates the possibility of the search for Dark Matter (DM) particles using events with a Z

heavy gauge boson and a large missing transverse momentum at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We consider the muonic decay of Z

. The analyzed Monte Carlo samples were the Open simulated files produced by the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) collaboration for proton-proton collisions, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of the LHC run-I with 19.7 fb

at

8 TeV. Two scenarios, namely a simplified benchmark scenario, called Dark Higgs, and the effective field theory (EFT) formalism, were used for interpretations. Limits were set on Z

, dark matter masses, and the cutoff scale of the EFT.
Discrimination of simple objects decoded from the output of retinal ganglion cells upon sinusoidal electrical stimulation
Authors: Corna Andrea , Ramesh Poornima , Jetter Florian , Lee Meng-Jung , Macke Jakob H , Zeck Günther 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objective. Most neuroprosthetic implants employ pulsatile square-wave electrical stimuli, which are significantly different from physiological inter-neuronal communication. In case of retinal neuroprosthetics, which use a certain type of pulsatile stimuli, reliable object and contrast discrimination by implanted blind patients remained challenging. Here we investigated to what extent simple objects can be discriminated from the output of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) upon sinusoidal stimulation. Approach. Spatially confined objects were formed by different combinations of 1024 stimulating microelectrodes. The RGC activity in the ex vivo retina of photoreceptor-degenerated mouse, of healthy mouse or of primate was recorded simultaneously using an interleaved recording microelectrode array implemented in a CMOS-based chip. Main results. We report that application of sinusoidal electrical stimuli (40 Hz) in epiretinal configuration instantaneously and reliably modulates the RGC activity in spatially confined areas at low stimulation threshold charge densities (40 nC mm−2). Classification of overlapping but spatially displaced objects (1° separation) was achieved by distinct spiking activity of selected RGCs. A classifier (regularized logistic regression) discriminated spatially displaced objects (size: 5.5° or 3.5°) with high accuracy (90% or 62%). Stimulation with low artificial contrast (10%) encoded by different stimulus amplitudes generated RGC activity, which was classified with an accuracy of 80% for large objects (5.5°). Significance. We conclude that time-continuous smooth-wave stimulation provides robust, localized neuronal activation in photoreceptor-degenerated retina, which may enable future artificial vision at high temporal, spatial and contrast resolution.
Growth and production of red onion (Allium ascalonicum L.) with the application of monosodium glutamate and endophytic fungi
Authors: Alfiani A , Haring F , Syam’un E 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to reveal the effect of giving monosodium glutamate (MSG) and endophytic fungi (Trichoderma sp., Mycorrhiza, and Beauveria bassiana) to red onion (Allium ascalonicum L.) plants which predicted to increase its growth and production while decrease diseases infection without harming the environment. The experiment was designed by Factorial-Randomized Block Design. There were two factors tested in this present study: (1) MSG treatment with three dosages: 0 g L−1, 5 g L−1, and 10 g L−1; (2) endophytic fungi treatments with single or pure culture and mix-culture combinations: Trichoderma sp., Beauveria bassiana, Mycorrhiza, the combination of Trichoderma sp. and Beauveria bassiana, the combination of Trichoderma sp. and Mycorrhiza, the combination of Mycorrhiza and Beauveria bassiana, and the combination of Trichoderma sp., Beauveria bassiana, and Mycorrhiza. The parameters measured were plant growth, harvest, and disease infection intensity. The treatments did not give significant improvement to all parameters. This study concluded that Mycorrhiza treatment produced the highest rate value in red onion harvest.
Evaluation of biogas potential from organic waste: wastewater and solid wastes
Authors: Zaeni A , Ambardini  , Liliana  , Harlia  , Rasmin N , Patiung G W , Susilowati P E 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The poor management of waste can lead to multiple environmental problems like in soil, water, and air pollution. Beside the current energy crisis occurs, need alternative energy sources that can replace, one of which is biogas. Biogas is a gas resulting from the fermentation anaerobic of organic materials. The aim of this work is to study to compare the biogas produced from organic waste, namely household waste, sago processing liquid waste and poultry manure. The research was conducted in a laboratory scale anaerobic reactor with a volume of 1,000 mL at room temperature. The results showed that the volume of biogas produced from anaerobic fermentation of sago processing wastewater was 17.481 mL (84 days fermentation). Biogas produced from household waste (7%) is 687 mL, for 35 days. Volume biogas from poultry manure (50%) 1,200 mL (60 days fermentation).
Dynamic models of water conservation in sustainable palm oil plantations
Authors: Ahmad Sitti Wirdhana , J. Purwanto M. Yanuar , Sapei Asep , Widiatmaka  
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The development of Oil Palm Plantations (OPP) in Indonesia faces problems related to land availability and environmental damage. Changes in the hydrological conditions of The Lalindu Watershed in Konawe Utara Regency are caused by the reduction in the extent of forest cover in the river border areas as OPP increase. The purpose of this study is to design a model of OPP to support the conservation of water resources to maximize the ecological, economic and social benefits of land use activities, especially for OPP in watersheds in a sustainable manner. The research method uses a dynamic system model using a number of variables, which are the determinants of OPP sustainability, loop systems, and future behavior models. The results showed that the water conservation model in sustainable OPP consisted of three sub-models, namely: (1) environmental sub-models. The actions of OPP conservation affect the resulting infiltration capacity and runoff discharge so that the OPP will be sustainable. In addition, it can increase the population growth of Anoa (Bubalussp) and Sulawesi Bear Kuskus (Ailuropsursinus) by 10% as an effort to protect biodiversity, especially Southeast Sulawesi’s endemic fauna, (2) sub-economic models. Oil Palm Plantation activities with conservation efforts were able to increase production by an average of 0.86% while OPP without conservation only increased by 0.78%. Corporate income also increases on average 0.8-1.2% per year, farmers 0.76% and RBR 1.24% and (3) social sub-models, will increase the number of workers involved in OPP operations by 0 7 % per year while the number of head of a family for the livestock and compost business declined from 2005-2018 with an average percentage of 5.1% and 4.1% and the following year was stagnant. In the activities of rattan cultivation, there was no increase in percentage.
Detection and characterization of wolbachia endosimbiont in wild bee (apis cerena) using the cytohrome C oxidase subunit I gene
Authors: Suriana  , Jamili  
Published: May 2021

AbstractApis cerena; is as wild bee or honey bee, widespread in almost all regions of Indonesia, these bee economic value as the honey it produces. Indonesian people, especially in Tanjung Peropa Southeast Sulawesi who use bees as a honey-producing source maintain honey bees with a honeycomb claim system that lives in hives in forested trees or found in people’s homes. Until now, there is no breeding or breeding business. Wobachia is endosimbiont which was infected Artrophoda, including insects, which can influence the dynamics of these insects population and can reduce insect perform and viability. Therefore, molecular detection of the presence of Wolbachia inApiscerenais important. The COI gene is a gene proposed as an animal barcode. There is evidence of primer use of the COI gene as a barcode which is often contaminated with Wolbachia COI gene which is not a target. The individual bee was extracted the genome DNA using the CTAB (cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide) method, and then the cytochrome oxidase gene (COI) was umplified using an animal barcode primer. The amplification results are then sequenced and then characterized. Using Wolbachia COI gene data available on GenBank as a comparison, reconstruction of phylogenetic tree of Wobachian base on COI nucleotide sequences, so the position taxon of Wolbachia shall be determine. Phylogenetic tree reconstruction make with a Neiberjoining method with the Kimura 2-meter models and 1000x boostrapped. The results showed that the Wobachi COI gene was successfully amplified by these primer animal barcode, along 701bp. A proof that wild bees have been infected by Wolbachia. The findings of this study prove that PCR method are very sensitive to be used to detect existenceWolbachia in bees. This also means that the primer used to reveal animal barcodes, specifically vertebrates, can also amplify the Wolbachia gene; a Rickettsia. The gene has special characteristics, namely 633 base pairs (bp) conserved, and 24 bp variable nucleotides. Of these there are 12 nucleotides which unique for Wobachians who infectedA.cerenafrom Tanjung Peropa, Kendari Southeast Sulawesi. Base N composition dominated of Timine. The phylogenetic tree showed that Wolbachia fromApis cerena, is closely related to Wolbachia endosymbiont Hymenoptera, with 99% of boostrapped value.
Suitability of space utilization of settlement in coastal areas of abeli and nambo sub-district, Kendari City using spatial and non-spatial methods
Authors: Syaf H , Rauf M A , Tadjuddah M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Land use for settlements needs to be regulated properly so that it is suitable with the city spatial plan by considering ecological balance aspect so that there is no deterioration in the land quality. Environmental damage can also occur because of the pattern of settlement development that exceeds the carrying capacity of the environment such as density, size and shape of settlements. Abeli and Nambo Sub-Districts, cover an area of 43.85 Km2 or 16.40% of the total area of Kendari city. it is a strategic area for urban development because it has a relatively wide location and it is directly facing the Banda Sea. This study aimed to: (1) analyze the level of suitability of land for settlements in the coastal areas of Abeli and Nambo Sub-Sub-Districts; (2) figure out of community perspective in the selecting the location of settlements in Abeli and Nambo Sub-Districts. The study used qualitative and quantitative research methods with descriptive qualitative analysis and spatial analysis. This study consisted of 8 variables namely slope, distance from the coast boundary, distance from river boundary, distance from tsunami prone location, distance from flood location, distance from mangrove ecosystem, sea tide fluctuations, and high ROB flood inundation. The results showed that (1) suitability land in the settlement in Abeli and Nambo Sub-Districts that were included in the very suitable criteria were 2,382.87 Ha or 80.44 %, suitable criteriawere 15.56 Ha or 15.56 %, the criteria for Less Suitable was 114.26 or 3.86 %, and Not Suitable criteria was 4.24 hectares or 0.14 %; (2) Respondents’ reasons for selecting a settlement location were influenced by consideration of house price (11 %) location or access to workplaces and public facilities (34 %), security against natural disasters (19 %), environmental health (21 %), convenience (11 %,) and others (3 %) while the reasons for respondents choosing the location of settlements based on residential Land Suitability were Very Suitable (40 %), Suitable (37 %), Less Suitable (21 %) and Not Suitable (1 %).
Utilization of Coconut Water Waste for Nutrition Microgreen Kailan (Brassica Oleraceae)
Authors: I Widiwurjani , Mulyani Ida Retno , Sari Ni Ketut 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Microgreens is a diversified fresh and nutritious vegetable product with a relatively short harvest time. Microgreens are healthy vegetables, and organic and easily cultivated. Coconut water waste can be used as nutrition for your microgreens (Brassica Oleraceae). This study aims to determine fresh weight, water quality, chlorophyll content, fiber, and ascorbic acid microgreens of kailan plants (Brassica oleraceae) by providing coconut water as a nutrient. The research was conducted at the Green House, the Faculty of Agriculture Laboratory, and the Food Processing Technology Laboratory of the UPN “Veteran” East Java. The topic being tested is about the concentration and intervals of giving coconut water as a microgreen nutrient. Fresh weight parameters were measured by scales, total chlorophyll analysis using spectrophotometry method, fiber analysis by enzymatic method, and ascorbic acid analysis using DCPIP method. Data were analyzed using a Completely Randomized Design. The best microgreen weight in the treatment of coconut water with a concentration of 25% and watered three times a day. Fresh weight of 5.92gr / 100 microgreens, chlorophyll content of 0.34 mg / gr, fiber content of 4.67% and 4.orb% ascorbic acid content.
The Influence of Various Growth Regulator of Growth Media on Biomass and Callus Induction in Elephantopus scaber Linn
Authors: Yuliani  , Rachmadiarti F , Dewi S K , Asri M T 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Elephantopus scaber has the potential to be developed and isolated of secondary metabolites by tissue culture techniques. Secondary metabolites of E. scaber include scabertopin, scabertropinol, luteolin, flavonoids, deoxyelephantopin, phenols, saponins, tannins, elephantopins which can be isolated from the callus, so that various growth media are used to get the largest E. scaber callus. The aim of this study is to describe the biomass and induction of E. scaber callus in various growth media in vitro (tissue culture techniques), and to determine the proper media to produce E. scaber callus biomass optimally. E. scaber culture experiments were conducted descriptively, using 5 growth media, namely 1) MS + BAP media, 2) MS + Kinetin media, 3) MS + 2.4 D media, with concentrations of BAP, Kinetin and 2.4 D 0.5; 1; 1.5; and 2 mg/L respectively, 4) MS + BAP + 2.4 D and 5) MS + Kinetin + 2.4 D, with the ratio of BAP + 2.4 D and Kin + 2.4 D are 0.5 + 0.5; 1 + 0.5; 1 + 1; 1.5 + 1.5 mg/L. Each medium contained 25 experimental bottles, each bottle are containing 5 E. scaber explants. Stages of research method are include explant sterilization, manufacture and sterilization of media, and planting explants into growth media. The research parameters are callus induction and callus biomass. The data were analyzed by quantitative descriptive. The results showed that the use of MS + 0.5 mg/L BAP growth media gave the fastest callus induction periode, 14 days after planting, while MS + 1.5 mg/L BAP + 1.5 mg/L 2.4 D growth media gave the largest callus biomass that is 0.0797 grams with a friable callus texture.
The Characteristics of Naphthalene and Phenanthrene as Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) Compounds in The Marine Sediment of Tanjung Bayang Beach in Makassar
Authors: Syahrir Muhammad , Yulianti  , Wijaya Mohammad , Zulfikar  , Ilyas Nita Magfirah 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This research is an exploratory study that aims to determine the levels of naphthalene and phenanthrene PAH compounds and the level of pollution contained in the marine sediments of The Tanjung Bayang Makassar Beach. The steps of this study include sample preparation, extraction using the socletation method with n-hexane: dichloromethane solvent, fractionation using Chromatography Column Flash (CCF) methods and determination of naphthalene and phenanthrene levels using the HPLC instrument. The results of the PAH fraction in the form of yellow powder were identified using HPLC by comparing the retention time of the standard chromatogram of naphthalene and phenanthrene with of the chromatogram sample. In this study, the concentration of naphthalene and phenanthrene PAH compounds was observed in three stations coded as TB1, TB2 and TB3. TB1 Station has the highest PAH level where the naphthalene content reaches 165.5450 ppm and phenanthrene content is 934.3698 ppm with a total content of 1099.9148 ppm. TB2 Station has the lowest PAH with 85.4858 ppm naphthalene level and phenanthrene at 509.0401 ppm with a total of 594.5259 ppm. TB3 station is at 120.8489 ppm naphthalene level and phenanthrene levels of 693.9341 ppm with the total levels of 814.7832 ppm. The marine sediments PAH content in Tanjung Bayang Makassar Beach is at moderate-high pollution levels.
Isolation and Identification of Ethyl Acetate Extract Secondary Metabolite Compound of Kayu Jawa Bark (L. Coromandelica)
Authors: Sudding  , Salempa P , Nurhikmah  
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study aims to isolate the secondary metabolite compounds contained in the ethyl acetate extract in bark of L.coromandelica. Isolation was carried out through several stages, ranging from maceration, fractionation, purity testing, and identification. The isolates obtained was white crystals in the form of needles with a melting point 133-134°C, with Lieberman-Buchard reagents gave positive results. The IR spectrum absorption area showed the existence of several functional groups at wavelength namely 3446.79 cm−1 (O-H), 2935.66 cm−1(C-H); 2866.22 cm−1 (C-H), 1463.97 cm−1(-C-H2), 1377.17 cm−1 (-C-H3), 1643.35 cm−1 (C=C), 1047.35 cm−1 (C-O). Based on the reagent test and IR spectrum data, the crystals obtained are a group of steroid compounds.
Cu-TiO2 doped Ti thin-layer photoelectrode for visible-light induced photoelectrocatalytic activities: degradation of methylene orange
Authors: Nurdin M , Nuhung S , Musdalifah A , Salim L O A , Mustapa F , Maulidiyah M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Cu-TiO2 doped Ti thin layer was prepared by anodizing and electrodeposition. Characterization electrode using Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX) and activity test using Linear Sweep Voltammetry (LSV) under UV and visible light to degrade methylene orange. The result of electrode surface characterization using EDX showed that the Cu peak at 0.992 keV indicated the precious metal Cu on the TiO2/Ti electrode. The activity test of Cu-TiO2/Ti electrode by Linear Sweep Voltammetry (LSV) showed the electrode activities on the visible light. The TiO2/Ti electrode has activities on the UV light. Degradation test Cu-TiO2/Ti electrode by photoelectrocatalyst against methylene orange showed the percentage of degradation produced was 92.88%.