bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accelerated Water Dissociation Kinetics By Electron‐Enriched Cobalt Sites for Efficient Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Dai Qizhou , Wang Lin , Wang Kexin , Sang Xiahan , Li Zhongjian , Yang Bin , Chen Jianmeng , Lei Lecheng , Dai Liming , Hou Yang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSluggish water dissociation kinetics in the Volmer step on platinum‐free electrocatalysts limits the development of hydrogen evolution from economical water‐alkali electrolyser. Herein, an unusual nanosheets electrocatalyst of molybdenum‐doped cobalt selenide with selenium vacancy encapsulated within N‐doped carbon matrix (Mo‐Co0.85SeVSe/NC) for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is reported. Benefiting from the optimized electronic structure, this Mo‐Co0.85SeVSe/NC nanosheet exhibits a high catalytic activity for alkaline HER, achieving the current densities of 10 and 200 mA cm−2 at low overpotentials of 151 and 275 mV, respectively. These results are among the highest catalytic activities in respect with all previously reported transition‐metal‐selenide based HER electrocatalysts. The combined in situ spectroscopic and theoretical studies reveal that the incorporation of Mo‐dopant and Se vacancies into Co0.85Se efficiently enhances electron transfer from Mo to Co atom through the bridging Se atom, leading to the formation of enriched electronic Co site to accelerate water dissociation, eventually facilitating the overall alkaline HER process. An integrated Zn‐H2O battery with a Mo‐Co0.85SeVSe/NC cathode is developed to further demonstrate the potential applications of the newly developed HER catalyst.
Reconstructable Uterus‐Derived Materials for Uterus Recovery toward Efficient Live Births
Authors: Yi Xiao , Liu Fan , Gao Kunjie , Chen Feng , Wang Yifeng , Li Huayan , Wang Xuefeng , Huang Yi , Fu Huijiao , Zhou Weijie , Fan Jun‐Bing , Wang Shutao , Gao Yi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractUterine factor infertility is increasingly common in modern society and has severely affected human life and health. However, the existing biomaterial scaffold‐mediated systems remain limited in efficient uterus recovery, leading to low pregnancy rate and live births. Here, reconstructable uterus‐derived materials (RUMs) are demonstrated by combining uterus‐derived extracellular matrix and seeded chorionic villi mesenchymal stem cells for uterus recovery, achieving highly efficient live births in rats with severe uterine injury. The RUMs can be designed into different states (such as, liquid RUMs and solid RUMs) and shapes (such as, cuboid, triangular‐prism, and cube) in terms of requirements. The RUMs can effectively prevent intrauterine adhesion, and promote endometrial regeneration and muscle collagen reconstruction, as well as, accelerate wound healing by constructing a physical barrier and secreting cytokines, allowing efficient uterus recovery. The injured uterus nearly achieves complete recovery after treating with the RUMs and has normal pregnancies for supporting fetal development and live births, similar to the normal rats. The study provides a regenerative medicine therapeutics for uterine factor infertility.
Improved Interfacial Charge Transfer on Noble Metal‐Free Biomimetic CdS‐Based Tertiary Heterostructure @ 2D MoS2‐CdS‐Cu2O with Enhanced Photocatalytic Water Splitting
Authors: Kumar Uttam , Das Chakraborty Sudeshna , Sahu Ranjan K. , Bhattacharya Pallab , Mishra Trilochan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHigh charge separation efficiency with a wide optical absorption window is the prime requirement for the scale up of a stable solar photocatalytic hydrogen generation process. A new noble metal‐free heterostructure of 2D MoS2‐CdS‐Cu2O is designed by depositing cauliflower‐shaped CdS and nanosized Cu2O on exfoliated 2D MoS2. Characterization by XPS, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and UV‐visible spectra confirms the formation of nanosized Cu2O with desired interface formation with MoS2 sheet and CdS thus extending the optical absorption range up to 900 nm. Water splitting activity in the presence of lactic acid is found to be 7.89 and 11.53 mmol g−1 h−1 on MoS2‐CdS and MoS2‐CdS‐Cu2O, respectively, with good repeatability under visible light. Efficient interfacial charge separation is manifested from demised photoluminescence (PL) intensity which supports the suppression of hole‐electron recombination in the tertiary heterostructure. In addition, the formation of dual p‐n junction as indicated from Mott–Schottky analysis further strengthen the faster electron and holes separation objective. Compared to the pure CdS, hydrogen efficiency is 20.96 times higher on a noble metal‐free tertiary catalyst with an apparent quantum efficiency of 8.75%. Hopefully, the 2D material‐based architecture of dual p‐n junction with desired interface engineering will facilitate the catalyst design with increased water splitting activity under solar/visible light.
Achieving Efficient p‐Type Organic Thermoelectrics by Modulation of Acceptor Unit in Photovoltaic π‐Conjugated Copolymers
Authors: Tang Junhui , Ji Jingjing , Chen Ruisi , Yan Yongkun , Zhao Yan , Liang Ziqi 
Published: December 2021

Abstractπ‐Conjugated donor (D)−acceptor (A) copolymers have been extensively studied as organic photovoltaic (OPV) donors yet remain largely unexplored in organic thermoelectrics (OTEs) despite their outstanding mechanical bendability, solution processability and flexible molecular design. Importantly, they feature high Seebeck coefficient (S) that are desirable in room‐temperature wearable application scenarios under small temperature gradients. In this work, the authors have systematically investigated a series of D−A semiconducting copolymers possessing various electron‐deficient A‐units (e.g., BDD, TT, DPP) towards efficient OTEs. Upon p‐type ferric chloride (FeCl3) doping, the relationship between the thermoelectric characteristics and the electron‐withdrawing ability of A‐unit is largely elucidated. It is revealed that a strong D−A nature tends to induce an energetic disorder along the π‐backbone, leading to an enlarged separation of the transport and Fermi levels, and consequently an increase of S. Meanwhile, the highly electron‐deficient A‐unit would impair electron transfer from D‐unit to p‐type dopants, thus decreasing the doping efficiency and electrical conductivity (σ). Ultimately, the peak power factor (PF) at room‐temperature is obtained as high as 105.5 µW m−1 K−2 with an outstanding S of 247 µV K−1 in a paradigm OPV donor PBDB‐T, which holds great potential in wearable electronics driven by a small temperature gradient.
What can 7T sodium MRI tell us about cellular energy depletion and neurotransmission in Alzheimer's disease?
Authors: Haeger Alexa , Bottlaender Michel , Lagarde Julien , Porciuncula Baptista Renata , Rabrait‐Lerman Cécile , Luecken Volker , Schulz Jörg B. , Vignaud Alexandre , Sarazin Marie , Reetz Kathrin , Romanzetti Sandro , Boumezbeur Fawzi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe pathophysiological processes underlying the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) on the neuronal level are still unclear. Previous research has hinted at metabolic energy deficits and altered sodium homeostasis with impaired neuronal function as a potential metabolic marker relevant for neurotransmission in AD. Using sodium (23Na) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging on an ultra‐high‐field 7 Tesla MR scanner, we found increased cerebral tissue sodium concentration (TSC) in 17 biomarker‐defined AD patients compared to 22 age‐matched control subjects in vivo. TSC was highly discriminative between controls and early AD stages and was predictive for cognitive state, and associated with regional tau load assessed with flortaucipir‐positron emission tomography as a possible mediator of TSC‐associated neurodegeneration. TSC could therefore serve as a non‐invasive, stage‐dependent, metabolic imaging marker. Setting a focus on cellular metabolism and potentially disturbed interneuronal communication due to energy‐dependent altered cell homeostasis could hamper progressive cognitive decline by targeting these processes in future interventions.
Different rates of cognitive decline in autosomal dominant and late‐onset Alzheimer disease
Authors: Buckles Virginia D. , Xiong Chengjie , Bateman Randall J. , Hassenstab Jason , Allegri Ricardo , Berman Sarah B. , Chhatwal Jasmeer P. , Danek Adrian , Fagan Anne M. , Ghetti Bernardino , Goate Alison , Graff‐Radford Neill , Jucker Mathias , Levin Johannes , Marcus Daniel S. , Masters Colin L. , McCue Lena , McDade Eric , Mori Hiroshi , Moulder Krista L. , Noble James M. , Paumier Katrina , Preische Oliver , Ringman John M. , Fox Nick C. , Salloway Stephen , Schofield Peter R. , Martins Ralph , Vöglein Jonathan , Morris John C. ,   for the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer's Network
Published: December 2021

AbstractAs prevention trials advance with autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease (ADAD) participants, understanding the similarities and differences between ADAD and “sporadic” late‐onset AD (LOAD) is critical to determine generalizability of findings between these cohorts. Cognitive trajectories of ADAD mutation carriers (MCs) and autopsy‐confirmed LOAD individuals were compared to address this question. Longitudinal rates of change on cognitive measures were compared in ADAD MCs (n = 310) and autopsy‐confirmed LOAD participants (n = 163) before and after symptom onset (estimated/observed). LOAD participants declined more rapidly in the presymptomatic (preclinical) period and performed more poorly at symptom onset than ADAD participants on a cognitive composite. After symptom onset, however, the younger ADAD MCs declined more rapidly. The similar but not identical cognitive trajectories (declining but at different rates) for ADAD and LOAD suggest common AD pathologies but with some differences.
Lnc‐hipk1 inhibits mouse adipocyte apoptosis as a sponge of miR‐497
Authors: Wu Qiong , Yang Hong , Tai Ruiqing , Li Chaowei , Xia Tianyu , Liu Yongnian , Sun Chao 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNoncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA), and circular RNAs are closely related to the biological processes related to obesity. As a miRNA that widely present in different cell types, miR497 is proved to be involved in cell development. However, research on the role of miR‐497 as a key factor in regulating the development of adipocytes is still in gap. The role of miR‐497 in the apoptosis and proliferation of mouse‐derived adipocytes was detected by RNA‐seq analysis, RT‐qPCR, Western blot, immunofluorescence, and dual‐luciferase reporter assay. Using miR‐497 mimics to treat 3T3‐L1 cells, we found that miR‐497 targeted Bcl‐2 to promote adipocyte apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway, and this effect was consistent in the apoptosis model composed of palmitic acid (PA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). LncRNA homeodomain‐interacting protein kinase 1 (lnc‐hipk1) sponged miR‐148b to weaken its silencing of Bcl‐2, forming the competitive endogenous RNAs (CeRNAs) regulatory network. Furthermore, overexpression of lnc‐hipk1 inhibited the apoptosis of adipocytes by targeting miR‐497/Bcl‐2. Co‐treatment of miR‐497 and lnc‐hipk1 showed that lnc‐hipk1 reversed the apoptosis of adipocytes caused by miR‐497 overexpression. And in vivo experiments further confirmed that this effect was also achieved by the CeRNA system of lnc‐hipk1/miR‐497/Bcl‐2. In summary, lnc‐hipk1 targets miR‐497/Bcl‐2 to regulate adipocyte apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway. This research enriches the research content of ncRNAs and CeRNA in adipocyte development, and provides new targets for the treatment of obesity and other metabolic syndromes.
A functional methylation signature to predict the prognosis of Chinese lung adenocarcinoma based on TCGA
Authors: Wang Ke , Liu Ying , Lu Guanzhong , Xiao Jinrong , Huang Jiao , Lei Lin , Peng Ji , Li Yangkai , Wei Sheng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide, however, the individualized treatment is still unsatisfactory. DNA methylation can affect gene regulation and may be one of the most valuable biomarkers in predicting the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma. This study was aimed to identify methylation CpG sites that may be used to predict lung adenocarcinoma prognosis.MethodsThe Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to detect methylation CpG sites associated with lung adenocarcinoma prognosis and construct a methylation signature model. Then, a Chinese cohort was carried out to estimate the association between methylation and lung adenocarcinoma prognosis. Biological function studies, including demethylation treatment, cell proliferative capacity, and gene expression changes in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, were further performed.ResultsIn the TCGA set, three methylation CpG sites were selected that were associated with lung adenocarcinoma prognosis (cg14517217, cg15386964, and cg18878992). The risk of mortality was increased in lung adenocarcinoma patients with the gradual increase level of methylation signature based on three methylation sites levels (HR = 45.30, 95% CI = 26.69–66.83; p < 0.001). The C‐statistic value increased to 0.77 when age, gender, and other clinical variables were added to the signature to prediction model. A similar situation was confirmed in Chinese lung adenocarcinoma cohort. In the biological function studies, the proliferative capacity of cell lines was inhibited when the cells were demethylated with 5‐aza‐2'‐deoxycytidine (5‐aza‐2dC). The mRNA and protein expression levels of SEPT9 and HIST1H2BH (cg14517217 and cg15386964) were downregulated with different concentrations of 5‐aza‐2dC treatment, while cg18878992 showed the opposite result.ConclusionThis study is the first to develop a three‐CpG‐based model for lung adenocarcinoma, which is a practical and useful tool for prognostic prediction that has been validated in a Chinese population.
Water‐Dispersible Gold Nanoclusters: Synthesis Strategies, Optical Properties, and Biological Applications
Authors: Li Yu , Zhai Tingting , Chen Jing , Shi Jiye , Wang Lihua , Shen Jianlei , Liu Xiaoguo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAtomically precise gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) are an emerging class of quantum‐sized nanomaterials. Intrinsic discrete electronic energy levels have endowed them with fascinating electronic and optical properties. They have been widely applied in the fields of optoelectronics, photovoltaics, catalysis, biochemical sensing, bio‐imaging, and therapeutics. Nevertheless, most AuNCs are synthesized in organic solvents and do not disperse in aqueous solutions; this restricts their biological applications. In this review, we focus on the recent progress in the preparation of water‐dispersible AuNCs and their biological applications. We first review different methods of synthesis, including direct synthesis from hydrophilic templates and indirect phase transfer of hydrophobic AuNCs. We then discuss their photophysical properties, such as emission enhancement and fluorescence lifetimes. Next, we summarize their latest applications in the fields of biosensing, biolabeling, and bioimaging. Finally, we outline the challenges and potential for the future development of these AuNCs.
Framework Zr Stabilized PtSn/Zr‐MCM‐41 as a Promising Catalyst for Non‐oxidative Ethane Dehydrogenation
Authors: Xu Jisheng , Shi Chengxiang , Zhang Shuguang , Zheng Qiancheng , Pan Lun , Zhang Xiangwen , Zou Ji‐Jun 
Published: December 2021

Comprehensive SummaryNon‐oxidative ethane dehydrogenation is a promising route to produce ethene. Herein, PtSn supported catalysts were investigated to achieve better ethane dehydrogenation performance by introduction of different Zr promoters, i.e., framework Zr and ZrO2, to mesoporous MCM‐41. In‐situ XRD, TEM and CO chemisorption show that aggregation of metal particles and phase segregation of Pt3Sn to Pt and PtSn3 at high temperature occur for PtSn/M, leading to bad ethane dehydrogenation activity. Strong interaction between ZrO2 and PtSn species, as proved by XPS, results in restrained metal particles, which promotes the initial reactivity. However, Pt phase generated on surface is disadvantageous for the desorption of produced ethene as indicated by CO‐IR and C3H6‐TPD, and pyridine‐IR and NH3‐TPD indicate strong acidity generated. Both deactivate the catalyst rapidly by deep dehydrogenation and coking. Moderate interaction between PtSn species and Si‐O‐Zr with much weaker acidity is formed when framework Zr is incorporated into MCM‐41, which benefits the dispersion of metal particles, formation of Pt3Sn/Pt species and stabilization of metal species from phase segregation. Outstanding initial ethane conversion and ethene selectivity of ca. 99% were achieved for the optimal PtSn/ZrM, which is more coking‐tolerant and stable by generating graphitic carbon mainly on support instead of active metals.
Assessing the representation of South American monsoon features in Brazil and U.K. climate model simulations
Authors: Coelho Caio A. S. , de Souza Dayana C. , Kubota Paulo Y. , Cavalcanti Iracema F. A. , Baker Jessica C. A. , Figueroa Silvio N. , Firpo Mári A. F. , Guimarães Bruno S. , Costa Simone M. S. , Gonçalves Layrson J. M. , Bonatti José P. , Sampaio Gilvan , Klingaman Nicholas P. , Chevuturi Amulya , Andrews Martin B. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper assesses how well the CPTEC/INPE Brazilian Global Atmospheric Model (BAM‐1.2) and the atmospheric component of the UK Met Office Hadley Centre Global Environment Model (HadGEM3‐GC3.1) represent the main South American monsoon features. Climatological (1981–2010) ensemble means of Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP)‐type climate simulations are evaluated. The assessment evaluated the models’ ability to represent the South America austral summer and winter precipitation contrast and associated circulation, key South American monsoon system elements, the association between south‐east Brazil and South America precipitation, and climatological (1997/1998 to 2013/2014) distributions of rainy season onset and demise dates over south‐east Brazil (15°S–25°S, 40°W–50°W) and the core monsoon region (10°S–20°S, 45°W–55°W). Despite some identified deficiencies, both models depict the monsoon region and represent the main features, including (1) the north‐west–south‐east precipitation band and associated ascending motion over central South America; (2) the upper‐level Bolivian High and the north‐east South America trough during the summer; (3) the lower‐level South Atlantic and Pacific subtropical anti‐cyclones and (4) the low‐level jet east of the Andes. Both models represent upper‐level divergence and lower‐level convergence over the core monsoon region, and upper‐level convergence and lower‐level divergence over the Pacific and Atlantic anti‐cyclones associated with the regional Walker circulation during the pre‐monsoon (spring) and peak monsoon (summer) seasons. Convection over South America is weaker in BAM‐1.2 than observed, consistent with continental precipitation deficit. The models reproduce the dipole‐like precipitation pattern between south‐east Brazil and south‐eastern South America during the austral summer but overestimate these patterns spatial extent over the South Atlantic. Both models simulate the main observed climatological features of rainy season onset and demise dates for the two above defined investigated regions. HadGEM3 overestimates onset dates interannual variability. These results can contribute towards understanding climate and land‐use change implications for environmental sustainability and for recommending climate adaptation strategies.
Recent Progress in Adsorptive Removal of Water Pollutants by Metal‐Organic Frameworks
Authors: Beydaghdari Mohammadreza , Saboor Fahimeh Hooriabad , Babapoor Aziz , Asgari Mehrdad 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDifficulty in accessing drinkable water resources, mostly originating from water pollution, has become a serious challenge for humans and the environment. Increasing population, growth of industrial activities, and the increasing demand for the agricultural sector have generated various pollutants into the environment, especially water resources. Thus, treatment of industrial effluents before discharging them into the environment is necessary to reduce the pollutants, maintain the quality of drinkable water, recycle wastewater sources to save water consumption, and minimize water resource supplied. Among the new materials applied for the adsorptive removal of pollutants from aquatic environments, metal‐organic frameworks have become a promising candidate to optimize wastewater treatment process. This is mainly due to their unique properties such as structural diversity, high specific surface area, and high adsorption capacity. This article aims to review the highlights and challenges of MOFs when are being used to remove heavy metals, dyes, pharmaceuticals, personal care products, pesticides, and herbicides from polluted water resources. The relationship between the properties of MOFs and their performance for adsorption of pollutants as well as the key mechanisms of adsorbing water pollutants using MOFs are presented. The use of water‐stable MOFs such as MOF‐235, MIL‐53, MIL‐100, MIL‐101, UiO‐66, ZIF‐67, and ZIF‐8 will be discussed for removing various pollutants. The adsorption efficiency of functionalized MOFs, magnetic MOFs, MOF‐polymer, graphene oxide‐MOF, and CNT‐MOF composites will be reviewed in comparison with commercial adsorbents such as zeolites and activated carbon. As for the conclusion, the challenges and outlooks of applying MOFs and MOF‐based materials for the adsorptive separation of water pollutants are summarized.
Central Limit Theorem for Linear Eigenvalue Statistics of Non‐Hermitian Random Matrices
Authors: Cipolloni Giorgio , Erdős László , Schröder Dominik 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe consider large non‐Hermitian random matrices X with complex, independent, identically distributed centred entries and show that the linear statistics of their eigenvalues are asymptotically Gaussian for test functions having derivatives. Previously this result was known only for a few special cases; either the test functions were required to be analytic [72], or the distribution of the matrix elements needed to be Gaussian [73], or at least match the Gaussian up to the first four moments [82, 56]. We find the exact dependence of the limiting variance on the fourth cumulant that was not known before. The proof relies on two novel ingredients: (i) a local law for a product of two resolvents of the Hermitisation of X with different spectral parameters and (ii) a coupling of several weakly dependent Dyson Brownian motions. These methods are also the key inputs for our analogous results on the linear eigenvalue statistics of real matrices X that are presented in the companion paper [32]. © 2021 The Authors. Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
High performance oversampling technique considering intra‐class and inter‐class distances
Authors: Keskes Nesrine , Fakhfakh Sameh , Kanoun Olfa , Derbel Nabil 
Published: December 2021

SummaryOversampling methods are among the most widely used methods to solve imbalanced data analysis due to their simplicity and flexibility. Multi‐class imbalanced problems involve critical issues related to synthetic samples and corresponding consequences on the classification results. The over‐fitting phenomenon, the overlapping regions between classes, and the existence of noisy original samples may lead to a non‐optimal data distribution, which inadequately affects the classifier performance. To avoid these limitations, we propose a novel oversampling technique based on the intra‐distance‐matrix (IntraDM) and the inter‐distance‐matrix (InterDM). The new samples are created to decrease over‐fitting, decline the generation of outliers, and minimize the overlap areas. Applying the proposed method on 14 available datasets shows that it outperforms common oversampling techniques in terms of classification evaluation metrics.