bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE LEVEL STRUCTURE OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE
Authors: Лебедев Сергей Александрович 
Published: September 2021

В отличие от классической теории научного познания, где выделялось только два уровня научного знания в любой из конкретных наук: эмпирический и теоретический, в современной эпистемологии выделяют четыре качественно различных уровня научного знания: чувственный, эмпирический, теоретический, метатеоретический. Все они отличаются друг от друга по происхождению (эпистемологии), содержанию (онтологии), методам обоснования и критериям истинности(методологии). Несмотря на то, что указанные уровни относительно независимы друг от друга, все они связаны между собой при функционировании любой конкретной науки как некоей целостной системы знания. Основной методологической процедурой обеспечения ее целостности является интерпретация. Она представляет собой конструктивноволевую деятельность мышления по идентификации содержания понятий разных уровней знания. Любая интерпретация всегда заключает в себе существенный момент риска и может быть неверной. Современная неклассическая концепция уровневой структуры научного знания позволяет осуществлять более глубокий и конкретный анализ закономерностей функционирования и развития науки по сравнению с классической эпистемологией.
In contrast to the classical theory of scientific knowledge, where there were only two levels of scientific knowledge in any of the specific sciences: empirical and theoretical, in contemporary non-classical epistemology there are four qualitatively different levels of scientific knowledge: sensory, empirical, theoretical and metatheory. All of them differ in their content (ontology), means of genesis (epistemology), method of justification and criteria of truth (methodology). At the same time, although all these levels of scientific knowledge are relatively independent from each other in terms of their ontology and epistemology, they are all interrelated within the framework of the functioning of any particular science as the integrity system of knowledge. The means of achieving such integrity is a procedure of interpretation (identification) of the content of concepts of different levels of scientific knowledge. It is the constructive strong-willed activity. Every interpretation always consists of essential moment of risk and may produce an error. The non-classical approach to the level structure of scientific knowledge developed in the article allows for a deeper and more specific analysis of the laws of the functioning and development of real science, than the classical philosophy of science allowed.
PHILOSOPHICAL ASPECTS OF MATHEMATICAL MODELING AND COMPUTATIONAL EXPERIMENT
Authors: Кольцов Игорь Викорович , Морозова Ольга Юрьевна 
Published: September 2021

С философской точки зрения рассматриваются различные аспекты применения математического моделирования и вычислительного эксперимента. Анализируя взаимосвязь вычислительного эксперимента и моделирования, авторы поднимают вопросы их разумного сочетания для познания процессов, происходящих в реальной жизни.
The article discusses the philosophical aspects of the application of mathematical modeling and computational experiment. Analyzing the relationship between computational experiment and modeling, the authors raise questions of their reasonable combination for the knowledge of real processes occurring on the planet.
THE DECLINE OF POLITICAL THEORY?
Authors: Жук Валерий Николаевич 
Published: September 2021

Рассматривается идея заката, упадка, смерти политической теории, декларируемая западными авторами.
This theme is discussed by philosophers and scientists. The idea of the decline of political theory, declared by some Western authors, is analyzed within the article’s format as possessing no sound epistemological foundations able to prove its validity. Its supporters wrongly assume that political science as a form of scientific knowledge should not be conceivable as different from political philosophy which is based on another sort of philosophical beliefs and knowledge structure.
DEVELOPMENT OF SLAVO-PHILIC CONCEPTS OF NATIONAL STATEHOOD AND POWER IN PUBLIC THOUGHT OF MODERN RUSSIA
Authors: Заложных Юлия Сергеевна 
Published: September 2021

Анализируются социально-философские воззрения славянофилов, касающиеся проблемы национальной государственности и принципов организации власти, с целью выявления их существования и актуальности в современном российском обществе. Соотнося идеи славянофилов с публичной дискуссией последних десятилетий, автор определил славянофильские представления, наиболее востребованные сегодня и те из них, которые подверглись трансформации в соответствии с реалиями времени. Кроме этого, в статье перечислены представители российского научного сообщества, политики, общественные деятели, культурно-творческая элита, являющиеся сторонниками славянофильскопочвеннического направления в современной России.
The article analyzes the socio-philosophical views of the Slavophiles concerning the problem of national statehood and the principles of organizing power, in order to identify their existence and relevance in modern Russian society. Comparing the ideas of the Slavophiles with the public discussion of recent decades, the author identified the Slavophil ideas that are most in demand today and those that have undergone transformation in accordance with the realities of the time. In addition, the article lists representatives of the Russian scientific community, politicians, public figures, cultural and creative elite who are supporters of the Slavophilsoil trend in modern Russia.
Mesleki Tükenmişlik ve Yetenek Yönetiminin Çalışan Performansı Üzerine Etkisi: Sağlık Sektöründe Bir İnceleme
Authors: KARAKUŞ Saadet , ÖNCEL Mesut 
Published: September 2021

Araştırmanın amacı; tükenmişlik ve yetenek yönetiminin sağlık sektöründeki çalışanların performanslarına etkisini belirlemektedir. Bu bağlamda, tükenmişlik ve yetenek yönetiminin çalışan performansı üzerine etkisi, stresin yoğun olduğu iş kollarından sağlık sektöründe bir uygulama üzerinden detaylı bir şekilde ele alınmış ve bu üç kavram arasında ilişki olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır.
Araştırma kapsamında İstanbul ilinde faaliyet gösteren Kamu ve Özel Hastanelerdeki görev yapan 395 sağlık çalışanından anket yoluyla elde edilen veriler SPSS 24.0 ve R İstatistik programındaki YEM (Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli) fonksiyonu aracılığı ile analiz edilmiştir.
Yapılan analizler sonucunda, çalışanların çalışma mesaileri, mesleklerini isteyerek seçme, uyku problemi ve mesleklerini kendileri için uygun görme durumlarına göre genel mesleki tükenmişlik ile alt boyutları olan duygusal tükenme, duyarsızlaşma ve kişisel başarı boyutları algılarında; çalıştıkları birime göre genel mesleki tükenmişlik algıları arasında; mesleklerini kendileri için uygun görme durumlarına göre yetenek yönetimi algılarında ve çalıştıkları birime göre çalışma performansı algıları arasında anlamlı farklara rastlanmıştır.
A retrospective comparison of computed tomography and fluoroscopic guided percutaneous nephrostomy for evaluating radiation exposure
Authors: TÜRK Yaşar , DEVECİOĞLU İsmail 
Published: September 2021

Objective: The study aimed to compare the radiation doses absorbed by the patient in first-time percutaneous nephrostomy under CT and nephrostomy replacement under fluoroscopy.
Materials and Methods: 89 hydronephrotic patients referred for nephrostomy were included in this retrospective study. 75 of these patients had the nephrostomy for the first-time under CT-guidance. 14 patients had the nephrostomy replacement operation under fluoroscopy guidance. Absorbed radiation doses were compared between these operations.
Results: The groups showed no statistically significant differences in means of demography (age, sex, and pathology) and operational parameters (intervention side and complications) except the absorbed radiation dose. The median effective radiation doses were 1.18 mSv and 1.68 mSv for CT and fluoroscopy, respectively. The first-time nephrostomy operations under CT were completed with radiation doses significantly lower than those in nephrostomy replacement under fluoroscopy (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Ultra-low-dose and fast-acting CT-guided nephrostomy is a safe, user-friendly procedure that leads patients to less radiation exposure than expected. CT guidance is a better alternative than fluoroscopy in percutaneous nephrostomy placement with a low complication rate in patients with different indications and a wide age interval.
Glioblastome Multiforme Epidemiyolojisi, Tedavi Seçenekleri ve Sağ Kalım Süresi: Retrospektif Tek Merkezli Çalışma
Authors: KESKİN Emrah , ELMAS Özlem , AYDİN Hasan Ali , ŞİMŞEK Kenan , GÜN Eren , KALAYCI Murat 
Published: September 2021

Amaç: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), primer beyin tümörlerinin en sık görülenidir. Tedavisi ile ilgili çok sayıda klinik ve deneysel çalışma yapılmasına rağmen; GBM’in tedavi seçenekleri çok fazla değişmemiştir. Çalışmamız, GBM’li hastaların epidemiyolojisi, tedavi seçenekleri ve sağ kalım süreleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amacıyla planlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada, 2017-2019 yılları arasında Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Beyin ve sinir cerrahisi Anabilim Dalı’nda GBM tanısı alan 72 hasta retroprospektif olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bu hastaların tedavi modaliteleri, epidemiyolojileri ve sağ kalım süreleri incelenmiştir.
Bulgular: Hastaların 28’i kadın, 44’ü erkek olup, %55.6’sı 60 yaş üstüdür. Cinsiyet ile sağ kalım süresi arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildir (p=0.303>0.05). Yaş arttıkça sağ kalım süresinde %28,9 oranında azalış olduğu görülmüştür. GBM lokalizasyon olarak en sık temporopariyatel yerleşimli olduğu gözlenirken, tümör lokalizasyonu ile sağ kalım süresi arasında anlamlı fark görülmedi.
Sonuç: Çalışmamızın sonucunda GBM’li hastalarda, yaşın ve kombine tedavi seçeneğinin önemli bir prognostik faktörler olduğu görülmüştür.
Onychomycosis and Erectile Dysfunction. Does Common Etiology Cause Togetherness?
Authors: BARAN Özer , AYKAÇ Aykut , KAYA Coskun , AKTAŞ Habibullah 
Published: September 2021

Background: We tried to determine the frequency of co-occurrence of erectile dysfunction (ED) and Onychomycosis (OM).
Material and Method: The sociodemographic form and IIEF-5 form were filled by the male patients who were admitted to the Urology Polyclinic of Karabük University Medical Faculty with the complaints of ED between April 2019 - April 2020. The patients with ED were included in the study. All the male patients were divided into three groups as mild, moderate and severe according to ED severity. The dermatologist (H.A) examined the presence of OM by taking samples from the toenails of the male patients.
Results: Looking at the IIEF-5 scores of 95 patients accepted to the study, it was found that 22 (23.1%) had mild, 20 (21%) moderate and 53 (55.9%) severe ED. Smoking history was higher in the severe ED group (p 0.114).
Conclusion: Erectile dysfunction and OM disease can often be seen together. However, no relationship was found with the severity of ED.
Estrategia de componentes para el manejo integrado de Plutella xylostella L. en brócoli
Authors: Briceño Henry , Valverde-Rodríguez Agustina, , Alvarez-Benaute Luisa Madolyn , Tineo Arbi Marco 
Published: September 2021

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar la eficiencia de la agrupación de diversos componentes para el manejo integrado de Plutella xylostella L. en el cultivo de brócoli (Brassica oleracea var. itálica). Se utilizó el diseño de bloques completamente al Azar (DBCA) con 4 tratamientos: Bacillus thuringensis / trampas de luz/ barreras vivas de maíz (T1), Metharhizium anisopliae / trampas a colores / barreras vivas de maíz (T2), trampas a colores/ trampas de luz/ barreras vivas de maíz (T3), y control absoluto (Testigo-T0) y 3 repeticiones. Las variables evaluadas fueron: incidencia de la especie y rendimiento en g/planta. Entre los resultados se registran menor número de oviposturas, larvas y pupas de P. xylostella en el tratamiento T1 (Metharhizium anisopliae / trampas a colores/barreras vivas de maíz), ocurre los mismo en el rendimiento, registrándose los mayores promedios de peso 552,0 g y 513,0 g de pella por planta en el T1 y T2 respectivamente, quedando en el último lugar según el orden de importancia, el testigo con 400,6 g.
Effect of COVID-19 pandemic on perceptions and career goals of undergraduate tourism students in Ecuador
Authors: Ortiz Zurita Maria José , Coromina Soler Lluís 
Published: September 2021

This paper explored the perceptions and career goals of undergraduate tourism students, before and during the pandemic COVID-19, in the Universidad Estatal de Milagro, in Milagro, Ecuador. The study is based on a quantitative approach. The sample is made up of 207 students during 2018 (before the COVID-19 pandemic) and 161 students in 2020 (during COVID-19). The questionnaire included questions about professional perceptions and questions about the professional goals that students have in the short and long term. Finally, perceptions exclusively related to COVID-19 were measured. The results showed that the vast majority of the students are highly motivated and committed to pursue a career in the tourism industry. A high percentage of the participants expressed their desire to do a Tourism master degree and undertake their own tourism businesses, despite the uncertainty now generated by COVID-19. The findings also reaffirmed the importance of guiding improvements on tourism higher education and tourism industry, with the aim of ensuring the quality of the tourist services, with highly skilled professionals, especially in emerging tourist destinations as Ecuador.
IMPACTO DEL PROYECTO “LA MAGIA DE CONVIVIR” EN LA GESTIÓN PACÍFICA DE CONFLICTOS DENTRO DEL ÁMBITO EDUCATIVO
Authors: González Fuentes Manuel , Martínez Tébar Javier , Zúñiga Guevara Ricardo Manuel 
Published: September 2021

La realidad de los centros educativos está cambiando, existe una realidad diversa que demanda actuaciones diferenciadas, estrategias y herramientas integradoras que potencien el aprendizaje cooperativo en igualdad, en un clima educativo adecuado y proactivo en la minimización del conflicto y la mejora de la convivencia en contextos educativos multiculturales. Este es el caso de la “Magia de convivir”, un proyecto innovador de mediación del CEIP Ángel de Haro de la localidad de Vera (Almería), integrado por diferentes estrategias que se ha convertido en poco más de dos años en sello de identidad del propio centro. El presente estudio muestra, a través del análisis de datos cuantitativos y cualitativos de diferentes registros internos, evidencias que validan la hipótesis de que un modelo de convivencia de gestión pacífica de conflictos desde un enfoque restaurador y reparador que potencie la educación en valores, la empatía y la educación intercultural, otorgando al alumnado una segunda oportunidad, mejora los niveles de conflictividad reduciendo los casos de conductas contrarias/graves registradas y la convivencia del centro.
Book Reviews
Authors: Ghodsee Kristen , Adak Hülya , Stéphan Elsa , Bonfiglioli Chiara , Stankov Ivan , Stoilova Rumiana , Ruthchild Rochelle Goldberg , Lazda Mara , Harris Adrienne , Durakbaşa Ayşe , Heerma van Voss Lex , Mušić Lejila , Kalnická Zdeňka , Kuźma-Markowska Sylwia , Davidova Evguenia , Tsoneva Tsoneva , Medarov Georgi , Genova Irina 
Published: September 2021

Anna Artwinska and Agnieszka Mrozik, eds., Gender, Generations, and Communism in Central and Eastern Europe and Beyond, New York: Routledge, 2020, 352 pp., £120.00 (hardback), ISBN: 978-0-36742-323-0.Clio: Femmes, Genre, Histoire, 48, no. 2 (2018)Lisa Greenwald, Daughters of 1968: Redefining French Feminism and the Women’s Liberation MovementGal Kirn, The Partisan Counter-Archive: Retracing the Ruptures of Art and Memory in the Yugoslav People’s Liberation StruggleMilena Kirova, Performing Masculinity in the Hebrew BibleAndrea Krizsan and Conny Roggeband, eds., Gendering Democratic Backsliding in Central and Eastern Europe: A Comparative AgendaLudmila Miklashevskaya, Gender and Survival in Soviet Russia: A Life in
the Shadow of Stalin’s TerrorBarbara Molony and Jennifer Nelson, eds., Women’s Activism and “Second
Wave” Feminism: Transnational HistoriesN. K. Petrova, Zhenskie sud’by voiny (Women’s war fates)Feryal Saygılıgil and Nacide Berber, eds. Feminizm: Modern Türkiye’de
Siyasi Düşünce, Cilt 10 (Feminism: Thought in modern Turkey, vol. 10)Marsha Siefert, ed., Labor in State-Socialist Europe, 1945–1989: Contributions to a History of WorkZilka Šiljak Spahić, Sociologija roda: Feministička kritika (Sociology of gender: Feminist critique)Věra Sokolová and Ľubica Kobová, eds., Odvaha nesouhlasit: Feministické myšlení Hany Havelkové a jeho reflexe (The courage to disagree: Hana Havelková’s feminist thought and its reflections)Katarzyna Stańczak-Wiślicz, Piotr Perkowski, Małgorzata Fidelis, Barbara
Klich-Kluczewska, Kobiety w Polsce, 1945–1989: Nowoczesność –
równouprawnienie – komunizmp (Women in Poland, 1945–1989: Modernity,
equality, communism)Vassiliki Theodorou and Despina Karakatsani, Strengthening Young Bodies, Building the Nation: A Social History of Children’s Health and Welfare in Greece (1890–1940) Maria Todorova, The Lost World of Socialists at Europe’s Margins: Imagining Utopia, 1870s–1920s Jessica Zychowicz, Superfluous Women: Art, Feminism and Revolution in
Twenty-First-Century Ukraine
Do large Polish cities substitute their own-source revenues with fees and user charges?
Authors: Będzieszak Marcin 
Published: September 2021

This paper aims to assess if large Polish cities use fees and user charges to substitute other own-source revenues. The analysis has been conducted on a panel of 65 large cities in Poland in the period of 2004-2015. Using OLS and fixed effect panel analysis, it has been proved that cities pursue their policy in order to maximize their revenues, which is in line with the Leviathan theory assuming that public authorities maximize public revenues. Additionally, using the normalization quotient mapping, it has been confirmed that cities do not change their revenue policy in terms of taxes vs. fees and user charges trade-offs.
Przesłanki wyboru wariantów lokalizacji funkcji organicznych w strukturze organizacji wielopodmiotowej
Authors: Sobotkiewicz Dariusz 
Published: September 2021

Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja przesłanek wyboru wariantów lokalizacji funkcji organicznych[1] w strukturze organizacji wielopodmiotowej. Wokół tak sformułowanego celu ustalono następujące pytania badawcze: (1) Jakie warianty lokalizacji funkcji organicznych występują w strukturze organi­zacji wielopodmiotowej? (2) Jakie potencjalne przesłanki determinują wybór konkretnego wariantu? (3) Jakie przesłanki faktycznie determinowały wybór wariantów lokalizacji funkcji w badanych orga­nizacjach wielopodmiotowych? Artykuł oparto na analizie źródeł wtórnych (literatury naukowej oraz dokumentów organizacyjnych badanych spółek), a także źródeł pierwotnych (wynikach wywiadu z me­nedżerami jednostek nadrzędnych). Badania w formie wywiadu prowadzono z menedżerami czterech j ednostek nadrzędnych w latach 2011-2018. Sprowadzały się one do monitorowania zmian zachodzą­cych w zakresie funkcji organicznych. Z przeprowadzonych badań wynika, że jednostki nadrzędne wdrażały różne warianty lokalizacyjne funkcji, jednocześnie lub kolejno w czasie, a wybór określonego wariantu determinowany był konkretnymi przesłankami. Przedstawione w artykule wyniki badań mogą być wykorzystane przez inne organizacje wielopodmiotowe do przeprojektowania istniejących roz­wiązań organizacyjnych w zakresie funkcji i procesów. Artykuł ma charakter teoretyczno-badawczy.
[1] W opracowaniu skupiono się na następujących wariantach lokalizacji funkcji organicznych: centralizacja funkcji, decentralizacja funkcji, outsourcing kapitałowy, outsourcing kontraktowy, centrum usług wspólnych.
Zarządcze aspekty logistyki jako determinanty rozwoju potencjałów strategicznych przedsiębiorstwa
Authors: Matwiejczuk Rafał 
Published: September 2021

Przedsiębiorstwa stale poszukują sposobów tworzenia przewagi konkurencyjnej. W procesie budowa­nia tej przewagi istotne znaczenie mają potencjały strategiczne przedsiębiorstwa, obejmujące przede wszystkim zasoby, zdolności oraz kompetencje. W rozwoju tych potencjałów ważną rolę odgrywa lo­gistyka. Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja zarządczych aspektów logistyki oraz przesłanek ich oddzia­ływania na rozwój potencjałów strategicznych przedsiębiorstwa.
Artykuł ma charakter koncepcyjny. Na początku przedstawiono pokrótce istotę logistyki jako koncep­cji zarządzania przepływami towarów i informacji oraz najważniejsze fazy w jej rozwoju. Następnie zaprezentowano istotę i znaczenie potencjałów strategicznych przedsiębiorstwa. Ostatnia część arty­kułu została poświęcona identyfikacji zarządczych aspektów logistyki oraz przesłanek ich oddziaływa­nia na rozwój potencjałów strategicznych przedsiębiorstwa, w kontekście wyników badań światowych, a także badań prowadzonych w Katedrze / Zakładzie Logistyki i Marketingu Uniwersytetu Opolskiego.
Common risk factors of Lung cancer, an observational study in a National Institute, Dhaka
Authors: Bodiuzzaman MM , Hussain Muhammad Zubaer , Morshed SM Munawar , Islam Md Rafiqul , Md Akhtaruzzaman - , Md Asaduzzaman - , Khatun Nazrina , Akhter Parveen Sahida 
Published: September 2021

Lung cancer is the most prevalent malignant neoplasm in most of the countries, and is leading cause of mortality worldwide. Till date tobacco consumption is the main etiological factor in lung carcinogenesis. Other factors such as genetic susceptibility, poor diet, occupational exposures and air pollution may act independently. Treatment of lung cancer is time consuming, costly and need special care during its management. Post treatment complications also more and sometimes it is more serious and becomes life threatening to the patients. The study was done to find out the most common risk factors of lung cancer, for this we can take necessary preventive measure from those risk factors to prevent health burden and mortality from lung cancer.This observational study was done in the department of Medical Oncology, National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital (NICRH), Mohakhali, Dhaka, from January 2012 to May 2012. One hundred and six (106) patients, aged over 30 years, included all sexes, were diagnosed as a lung cancer by histopathology and came for chemotherapy, were selected randomly in this study after informed written consent. In this study we found males are predominantly affected (92.45%) by lung cancer and common age groups affected are between 51-60 years (39.62%). Among the occupation farmers are more affected (77.35%) and most of them were active smokers (64.15%). In our study we found that right side of lung is more affected (58.49%) than left side and adenocarcinoma was predominant (35.84%). Control of tobacco smoking is the most important preventive measure. This study may help us to identify the etiological aspect and future preventive efforts and research be needed to focus on tobacco smoking and non-cigarette tobacco smoking products, as well as better understanding of risk factors underlying lung carcinogenesis in never-smokers.
CBMJ 2019 January: vol. 08 no. 01 P: 23-29
Puffer fish poisoning: a case report
Authors: Islam Khan Mohammad Monirul , Habib Rahat Bin , Islam Mohammad Didarul , Newaz Md Shah 
Published: September 2021

Puffer fish poisoning after consumption of this fish is one of the most common causes of poisoning among people in the coastal regions of Asia. Puffer fish poison (tetradotoxin) is one of the most toxic substances still found on earth; it is about 275 times more lethal poison than cyanide and fifty times more potent than strychnine or curare poison. Still no anti toxin or antidote is being discovered yet. On 6th January 2021, among five members of a single family, all of them ingested puffer fish after cooking, everyone developed toxic manifestations. Father died after three hours on the way to hospital, mother died after 17 hours during treatment and three daughters improved without any residual complication after getting supportive treatment in this hospital.
CBMJ 2019 January: vol. 08 no. 01 P: 35-38