bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mejorando la efectividad instruccional del texto educativo en ciencias: primeros resultados
Authors: Sanjosé López V. , Solaz Portolés Joan Josep , Vidal-Abarca Gámez E. 
Published: June 2021

In this paper we compile and analyze the textual variables taking part in comprehension and learning processes on scientific texts. Next we propose a new classification which can be applicated to instructional text. This proposal is evaluated in an experiment with different groups of students and several learning tasks. The first results are discussed.
La digestión de los alimentos: un plan de actuación en el aula fundamentado en una secuencia constructivista del aprendizaje
Authors: Banet Hernández Enrique , Núñez Francisco 
Published: June 2021

Nowadays constructivism seems to be quite a sound approach on which to base the processes of teaching and learning sciences. Assuming the basic hypothesis of this theory, sequences of instruction can be designed that help to improve the work that both, teachers and students carry out. In this paper we put forward a plan based on a constructivist approach, developed in secondary classrooms (13-14 years of age) about digestion, which is flexible enough to be adapted to different circumstances in which the learning of sciences takes place.
La metodología de resolución de problemas y el desarrollo cognitivo : un punto de vista postpiagetiano
Authors: Pomés Ruiz J. 
Published: June 2021

In this work we studied the influence of the problem -solving methodology used on the efficiency with which students' intellectual potential can be exploited. The paper shows the varying degree of interest of students in real problems as determined by application of straightforward exercises and describes the origin of the difficulties found by students in working out problems. Finally, the different methodologies were applied to questions on stoichiometry topics and the results obtained on analysing errors made by students in their replies testified to the validity of the thesis originally put forward.
Um mapa conceitual para interações fundamentais
Authors: Moreira Marco Antonio 
Published: June 2021

At first, the paper stresses a modern trend concerning the curriculum of high school and introductory college physics courses. According to this trend, the curriculum must be modernized by the introduction of contemporary physics topics and by teaching traditional classical physics tapies from a modern point of view. Following this trend, a concept map for fundamental interactions of nature is presented focusing the topic "forces" from a unifying standpoint showing that the number of fundamental forces of nature is actually quite small. Finally, the question of contextual dependence of the meanings assigned to physical concepts is also discussed.
La didáctica en la enseñanza superior ¿para qué?
Authors: Viennot L. 
Published: June 2021

Starting with a review of some typical pieces of research related to students' reasonings in Physics, this paper tries to fix some aspects of the evolution of the researchers' concerns in this field and to introduce a critical reflection on how the results obtained could be used. The selected examples and reflections on them refer to the beginning of college education, though not exclusively.
Sobre las concepciones en Dinámica elemental de los adolescentes formales y concretos y el cambio metodológico
Authors: Acevedo Díaz José Antonio , Bolívar J. P. , López Molina E. J. , Trujillo M. 
Published: June 2021

This paper summarizes the main results of a research carried out with 15 to 18 year old students in the second year of Spanish Secondary Higher Education. Frequencies of wrong answers, based on the students' misconceptions about dynamics, and the Piagetian levels of concrete/formal proportional reasoning, are correlated. Conceptual change after a learning period is also analyzed. Short term results show that only students with higher formal reasoning levels improved in a significant way. Finally, considerations about methodology in class, in order to overcome pupils' difficulties in learning physics are also discussed.
El aprendizaje de la fisica como investigación : un ejemplo de aplicación en la enseñanza media
Authors: Gutiérrez Múzquiz F. A. , Rodríguez Barreiro L. M. 
Published: June 2021

As being really conscious that theory always leads to practice in every science, we support the idea of the planning of the lesson as a link between the educational theory and the teaching style in the classroom. According to this idea, and against the pedagogy by the objectives as a method of planning the lesson on the one hand, and empiricism as a form of research on the other, we present the psychological and methodological bases of our project.
El aprendizaje de la resolución de problemas de planteo algebraico
Authors: Gascón Pérez J. 
Published: June 2021

Our purpose in this paper is to identify the most relevant cognitive factors of the trainees/lip in the algebraic problem solving when the traineeship is reached through specific Didactics applicable in the classroom. Didactics have been experienced during the academic year 83/84 with 300 students in their first year. They essentially consist on a conjunct of strategies which are intented to make possible the assimilation of a general resolvent method which may be represented through a structured set of heuristics. Some previous knowledge and four «primary abilities» have been obtained among the most explicative cognitíve factors. The interpretation of these abilities under the intelligence pattern of J.P. Guilford has given us a founded criterion to ellaborate introductory didactic materials and make corrections on Didactics.
Enseñar informática en el bachillerato. La polémica del lenguaje
Authors: Martín Casalderrey F. , Sorando Muzas J. Mª 
Published: June 2021

In this paper we analize the place Informatics should take in Secondary Schools. We must point out that we do not refer to the C.A.L. but to Informatics teaching. As one of its contents, we describe the polemics about the most suitable language to be used. We also describe slightly the LOGO language. And we suggest some items for a general debate about the introduction of Informatics as a subject in Secondary School.
Historia y enseñanza de la Astronomía. Los primitivos instrumentos y su utilización pedagógica
Authors: Ten A. E. , Monrós M. A. 
Published: June 2021

Astronomy, the most ancient of Sciences, has always been present as part of the Cultural Background of all peopies. The present paper, after reasserting the importance of Astronomy in the curricula of Intermediate levels of learning, describes and studies the characteristics and pedagógical possibilities of an ensemble of ancient instruments. In this first part, these instruments are devoted to the study of the Sun's Geocéntrical motion and its consequences.
Ideas intuitivas y aprendizaje de las ciencias
Authors: Solís Villa R. 
Published: June 2021

Current research in science education has shown that before any formal science teaching takes place, pupils have already acquired considerable knowledge about natural phenomena. This knowledge differs significantly from the accepted scientific view and interfere with the learning of the subject matter. In this paper, the origin, characteristics and modification of pupils' intuitive ideas will be explored following the PSHG model (PSHG stands for Posner, Strike, Hewson and Gertzog); in terms of this model the process of learning science is a process of conceptual change from one set of concepts to another set, which is incompatible with the previous one.
Diseño y realización de un programa de prácticas sobre comportamiento, adecuado al tema de etología
Authors: Álvarez Calvo J. A. , García García C. , Cubero Sánchez Mª A. 
Published: June 2021

A program is being presented of experiments on animal behavior in which Fixed patterns of behd,ILIf sell us oine learning mechanism such as imprinting and operant conditioning are included. The aim is to expose the student (o the preparation and analysis of simple situations of experimental control which will permit the student to comprehend and appreciate the diverse factor wich together influence the apreance and maintenance of complex behavioral repertoires.
The 100 most-cited articles on pectus deformities: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Yıldıran Hüseyin , Sadi Sunam Güven 
Published: June 2021

Background: In this study, we aimed to examine the development of knowledge on pectus deformities through a meticulous analysis of the 100 most-cited articles published on this topic.
Methods: Publications related to pectus deformities from January 1975 to April 2020 were scanned using the Web of Science Core Collection database. The publications were ranked from maximum to minimum according to the number of citations and were examined in detail.
Results: The 100 articles were published in 27 different journals and received a total of 8,290 citations. The average of the impact factors of journals in 2018 was 4.441. The mean citation density of all articles was 5.1±3.8. In the past years, a surgical technique definition and experience transfer were more frequently used, while complications and technical details were started to be presented in recent years.
Conclusion: Our study results suggest that the studies of pectus deformities would continue and, from now on, issues such as complications and technical details would come to the forefront in the articles.
Bronchoscopy during the COVID-19 pandemic: A survey study
Authors: Çağlayan Benan , Karataş Ferhan , İliaz Sinem , Uzel Işıl , Bilge Öztürk Ayşe , Demir Tuane 
Published: June 2021

Background:In this study, we aimed to evaluate the attitudes and behaviors of physicians performing bronchoscopy during the COVID-19 outbreak.Methods:Between March 2020 and May 2020, a total of 153 physicians were included in the study. An invitation letter for the participation in the study with a structured questionnaire of 18 questions were sent to the mail groups twice with five-day intervals. Participation in the study was allowed, until the third day after the second mail was sent.Results:All participants completed the questionnaire. According to the results, 33% of the physicians did not perform bronchoscopy and the majority of the physicians performed very few procedures during the outbreak, although the participants mostly worked at the tertiary hospitals (mean: 7.2±9.3). A total of 20% of the physicians performed bronchoscopy in potential or proven COVID-19 patients. Almost all of the physicians who participated in the survey reported the use of personal protective equipment such as masks and goggles during the procedure. During the pandemic, 9.7% of the physicians who performed bronchoscopy to potential or proven COVID-19 patients and 4.1% of the participants who did not perform bronchoscopy to any potential or proven COVID-19 patients were found to be infected with the virus (p>0.05).Conclusion:Physicians who perform bronchoscopy during pandemic act in accordance with the recommendations of guidelines. Although there was no statistically significant difference between the SARS-CoV-2 transmission rates of the teams who performed and did not perform bronchoscopy in potential or proven COVID-19 patients in our study, the high rate of personal protective equipment utilization might have played a role in this result.
Uso de parâmetros estatísticos para a classificação de regiões homogêneas de temperatura do ar em Santa Catarina
Authors: Araujo Carlos Eduardo Salles de 
Published: June 2021

Time series of hourly temperature from 146 weather stations located in Santa Catarina State – South Brazil were used to show that a compact data representation, using probability density functions (PDF) parameters, could be useful to classify homogeneous air temperature areas. The normal distribution fitted well the 146 weather stations temperature time series, presenting a median value of 0.9721 for the Pearson correlation coefficient. The means and standard deviations obtained by adjusting the Gaussian functions for the 146 stations were used as input parameters for two different classifiers: hierarchical and k-means. Both classifiers separated Santa Catarina's weather stations into four distinct groups. These groups had direct relationship with altitude ranges and with the influence of sea. The classification of weather stations in different homogeneous groups was useful to identify climatic behaviors of hourly temperatures. In addition to the characterization of the climate itself, this classification can be useful as a support for the validation of numerical weather forecast models, and for the identification of abnormal temperature time series in a regional spatial context.
Análise Climatológica das trajetórias de Ciclones Extratropicais formados na região da Península Antártica
Authors: Gandra Mariana Monteiro dos Santos , Quadro Mário Francisco Leal de 
Published: June 2021

Cyclones play an important role in the general circulation of the atmosphere, enabling the meridional transport of excess heat, humidity and momentum from low latitudes to high latitudes. In the Southern Hemisphere, the area between southern Brazil and the Peninsula Antarctica (AP) is described as one of the most favorable for the formation of cyclones (30°S to 70°S) due to the existence of strong temperature gradient between the ocean and the surface air layer above the ocean and also because of pre-existing baroclinic instabilities. This study is associated with the Project ATMOS (AnTarctic Modeling Observation System) and explored the role of extratropical cyclones in teleconnections between high and medium latitudes to track the trajectories of extratropical cyclones that are formed in the Antarctic Peninsula (AP) and move towards the central sector of the South Atlantic. The analysis of the tracked trajectories showed that the cyclones reached the central sector of the South Atlantic during the months of autumn (greater number) and winter (greater displacement), while the statistical analysis indicated that the intensity of the cyclones is more linearly linked to the mean sea level pressure field than to Superficial Sea Temperature Anomalies.
Theory of Sailing Applied to Ocean Racing Yachts
Authors: Myers Hugo A. 
Published: June 2021

A systems analysis approach is used to study the performances of ocean racing yachts, and to support a rating system which considers wind conditions and course angles. Basic aerodynamic and fluid­dynamic theory is applied to derive an engineering mathematical simulation of a boat's performance. The result is a set of five equations in five unknowns. Given the true wind velocity and course sailed, the equations are solved for boat speed, apparent wind speed, apparent wind angle, leeway angle, and heeling angle.
The theory is compared with full scale towing tests and sailing measurements for several yachts, ranging from a 23-foot cruiser to a 68-foot (12-meter) racer. The theoretical results fall within the measurement accuracies for all course angles and wind conditions. Yacht performance curves are then compared for the detailed effects of windward capabilities and rig variations for various true wind speeds. A "rating matrix" approach is discussed, which could be used to rate fairly a wider range of yacht sizes, types, wind conditions, and course angles than present rating systems can accommodate.
Sunburns among beachgoers in the northern coast of Peru: frequency and factors associated
Authors: Fernandez-Quiroz Eliana L. , Gonzales-Chachapoyas Lizeth , Alcantara-Diaz Ana L. , Bulnes-Villalta Binz , Ayala-Porras Zulmy , Toro-Huamanchumo Carlos J. 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundOverexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation has increased skin cancer incidence and the risk of sunburns, especially during the summer months.ObjectiveIdentify the frequency and factors associated with sunburns in a sample of beachgoers in the northern coast of Peru.MethodsWe conducted a secondary data analysis of a previous study that assessed the awareness, behavior and attitudes concerning sun exposure among beachgoers. We included adults between 18 and 59 years who went to a beach in northern Peru during summer (March 2018). Three generalized linear models of the Poisson family were constructed to evaluate the factors associated with having had at least one sunburn last summer. All regression models reported the adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) with their respective 95% confidence interval (95% CI).ResultsOf a total of 402 participants, 225 (56.0%) had one to five sunburns and 25 (6.2%) had six or more. Beachgoers who were 1–15 days (aPR: 1.16, 95% CI [1.05–1.27]) or more than 15 days (aPR: 1.22, 95% CI [1.09–1.36]) exposed to the sun on the beach had a higher frequency of at least one sunburn. The non-regular wearing of a hat or cap also increased the frequency of sunburns (aPR: 1.06, 95% CI [1.01–1.12]). In contrast, those who had Skin Phototype III (aPR: 0.94, 95% CI [0.88–0.99]) or IV (aPR: 0.69, 95% CI [0.63–0.75]) had a lower frequency of sunburns.ConclusionThree out of five beachgoers had one or more sunburns in the last summer. The factors associated with a higher frequency were the time of sun exposure at the beach and the non-regular use of a hat or cap. Type III–IV skin phototypes were associated with a lower sunburn frequency.
In Silico Evaluation of the Structural Dynamics Beta-Amylase from Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas)
Authors: Obe David Akintayo , Fatoki Toluwase Hezekiah 
Published: June 2021

Background: Sweet potato tubers are invaluable crop that could serve both dietary and industrial purposes owing to its high β-amylase content. β-amylases play essential role in plant carbohydrate metabolism as well as in many industrial applications such as the malting process in the brewing and distilling industries.
Aim: This study aims at better understanding of the evolutionary and molecular properties, and structural dynamics of β-amylase of sweet potato using in silico approach.
Methodology: 16 of the 250 sequences that are at least 69% identity to the query sequence (P10537) were manually selected from UniProt database for further analysis.
Result: It has theoretical isoelectric point of 4.97 and molecular weight of 56 kDa. The root-mean-square fluctuation (RMSF) of sweet potato β-amylase showed possible conservation of the amino acid residues 105-130 and 260-345, with highest fluctuation in C-terminal loop (residues 443-498). The catalytic role of Glu187 and Thr344 in β-amylase of sweet potato has been elucidated, and it provided the missing link in the previously available mechanisms, while Cys96 is essential for the inactivation of enzyme activity.
Conclusion: Elucidation of molecular mechanisms of expression and catalytic activity, together with the understanding of physicochemical properties of β-amylase from sweet potato will help in development of useful applications that are of industrial importance.
Growth, Nutrient Uptake and Yield of Wheat as Influenced by Foliar Sprays of Cattle Urine and Nitrogen
Authors: Khatate S. V. , Patil A. V. , Jadhav A. B. , Phalke D. H. , Pachpute S.T. 
Published: June 2021

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of levels of nitrogen and foliar sprays of cattle urine on growth, yield, nutrient uptake and quality of wheat in Inceptisol at Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry and Animal Husbandry and Dairy Science, College of Agriculture, Pune during Rabi (November) 2018. The experiment was conducted with three levels of nitrogen (0, 75 and 100%) through urea and five levels of cattle urine spray (CUS) (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10%) (20, 40 and 60 days after sowing (DAS)) replicated thrice in Factorial Completely Randomized Design.
Application of 75% N through urea recorded higher plant height, number of tillers, number of functional leaves, leaf length, leaf width, chlorophyll content. However, application of 7.5% cattle urine foliar sprays (at 20, 40, 60 DAS) recorded significantly higher plant height, number of tillers, number of functional leaves, leaf length, leaf width, chlorophyll content. Further, similar both the treatments recorded significantly higher spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, test weight of wheat. Interaction effect of 75% N through urea along with 7.5% cattle urine foliar sprays (at 20, 40, 60 DAS) recorded significantly higher plant height, number of tillers, number of functional leaves, leaf length, leaf width, chlorophyll content at 30, 50 and 70 DAS of wheat. Significant interaction effect with similar treatment were also recorded significant results for spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, test weight of wheat.
Application of 75% N through urea recorded significantly higher grain (80.03 g pot-1) and straw (100.00 g pot-1) yield of wheat. While foliar spray of cattle urine @ 5% recorded significantly higher grain (72.06 g pot-1) and straw (92.41 g pot-1) yield of wheat. Significant interaction effect among combine application of 75% N through urea along with foliar spray of cattle urine @ 7.5% taken at 20, 40 and 60 DAS reported significantly higher grain (87.67 g pot-1) and straw (114.50 g pot-1) yield of wheat.
Nitrogen (3.08 gm pot-1), phosphorus (1.12 gm pot-1) and potassium (3.72 gm pot-1) uptake by wheat was found significantly higher with the application of 75% N through urea than 100% N application. While three foliar spray of cattle urine @7.5% taken at 20, 40 and 60 DAS recorded significantly nitrogen (3.15 gm pot-1), phosphorus (1.09 gm pot-1) and potassium (3.54 gm pot-1) uptake by wheat. But interaction effect for combined application was found non significant for the uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
In-Hospital Outcome of Patients with Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Who Did Not Receive Reperfusion Therapy at Our Institute
Authors: Memon Shahid Hussain , Shah Ghulam Fareed , Brohi Gul Hassan , Memon Abdul Ghaffar , Kumar Jagdesh , Ali Anwar 
Published: June 2021

Objective: This study aims to determine the in-hospital outcome of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction who did not receive reperfusion therapy at our institute.
Methodology: Cohort of patients recruited from Emergency Department of Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad affiliated with Liaquat University of Medical & Health sciences, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan from August 2nd, 2019 to 1st July 2020. All the patients who were diagnosed as a case of acute STEMI belongs to any age group of either gender and who did not receive reperfusion therapy either percutaneous or pharmacological therapy due to any cause were included in our study to assess their in-hospital outcome.
Results: Total of 106 patients were enrolled having mean age and SD of 51.09 ± 13.50 years in which 67.92% were males. Significantly higher proportion of patients who did not receive reperfusion therapy died during hospitalization (27.35%, N = 29). The most common risk factors associated with higher mortality rates were increasing age, increased mean duration of hospitalization from the onset of chest pain, raised RBS, diabetes mellitus, and smoking, p <0.001.
Conclusion: Almost one third of patients with acute STEMI who did not receive reperfusion therapy were died during hospitalization. Among those, unfortunately the higher mortality was observed having modifiable risk factors.