bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioethics Recommendations to Increase Culturally Informed Global Health Survey Research: A Framework for Centering Community Engagement
Authors: Getz Madeleine J. , DeLouize Alicia M. , Madimenos Felicia C. , Uwizeye Glorieuse , Thayer Zaneta M. , McKerracher Luseadra J. , la Mora Alejandra Núñez‐de , Josh Snodgrass J. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTGlobal health projects—a source of inspiration and collaboration for applied human biology—benefit scholars, governments, NGOs, and aid organizations. While such research is intended to improve population health, direct benefits to individuals and communities are often excluded from published works and/or not considered in study designs and framing. This exclusion is increasingly recognized as a colonial legacy that hinders global health equity, particularly for Indigenous and other marginalized populations. Collaboration and community engagement are avenues for addressing these injustices, but they require planning, intention, and resources. Drawing on our collective experience and ongoing dialogues about community engagement in human biology, we propose six recommendations to increase equity in global health research. These include: (1) Incorporating trusted local specialists and stakeholders at all project levels; (2) disseminating health information to participants in strengths‐based and culturally meaningful ways and contributing to solutions wherever possible; (3) investing in local healthcare, research, and infrastructure; (4) making study results/data available to stakeholders; (5) working within data frameworks that respect community sovereignty; and, (6) applying culturally informed bioethics frameworks. Our discussion highlights persistent needs to address community rights and benefits and to dismantle colonial legacies within global health and human biology while recognizing structural barriers to implementing these needed changes, particularly within the context of global health projects wherein human biologists are not the main power brokers or resource holders. When interfacing with global health, human biologists must continue to pursue health equity and decolonization through implementing critical, culturally informed bioethics frameworks centering community engagement.
Ultrasound of the uterosacral ligaments: A reliability study for diagnosing endometriosis in Australian non‐specialised medical imaging and radiology settings
Authors: Maple Shae , Bezak Eva , Chalmers K Jane , Parange Nayana 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntroduction/BackgroundUterosacral ligaments (USL) are the most common sites of endometriosis. Transvaginal ultrasound (TVS) demonstrates high diagnostic accuracy for endometriosis of the USLs using standardised technique and characterisations. While high accuracy and reproducibility is established with these techniques by well‐trained professionals, the question still remains if these techniques are reproducible in general settings. This study aims to assess the intra and interobserver agreement of TVS characteristics of USLs, between experienced and less experienced examiners in an Australian general ultrasound imaging practice, where sonographers are required to perform ultrasound for endometriosis.MethodsForty‐two patients, with and without known endometriosis, underwent ultrasound imaging of the USLs. Images were obtained of uterosacral ligaments and collated for interobserver survey. Six professional observers independently reviewed the images, classifying characteristics such as echogenicity, echotexture, contour, thickness, and presence of nodules. Interobserver reliability was assessed using Gwet's agreement coefficients (AC1), and the correlation between USL thickness and endometriosis was analyzed using Spearman's correlation.ResultsInterobserver agreement for detecting USL endometriosis was substantial (AC1 = 0.63), with an overall agreement of (0.65) for the seven USL characteristics. Intraobserver agreement ranged from moderate (0.60) to almost perfect (0.96). Experience did not significantly affect intraobserver reliability. A strong positive correlation was found between USL thickness and endometriosis (r = 0.7965, P < 0.01).ConclusionThis study demonstrates high inter and intraobserver agreement among sonographers and radiologists in a general imaging department for identifying USL characteristics and diagnosing USL endometriosis. Both experienced and less experienced operators can reliably assess USLs Consistency was shown in identifying thickened uterosacral ligaments however, there is no consensus on where uterosacral ligament be measured. Even so, a thickened USL can prompt further extension of the pelvic scan to look for other endometriosis markers.
Residual Monomer‐Induced Side Reactions in Gel Polymer Electrolytes: Unveiled High‐Ni Cathode Failure in Lithium Batteries
Authors: Choi Min Su , Kang Sang Goo , Choi Jaehoon , Ko Jeonghyun , Park Jong Hyeok 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCoupling gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) with high‐Ni cathodes (NCM) has emerged as a compelling approach for high‐energy lithium‐ion batteries, capable of circumventing NCM failure modes in liquid electrolytes. However, a detailed origin of capacity decay caused by residual monomers from an uncontrollable curing process has been largely ignored. Here, we report an in‐depth investigation into the side reactions of unreacted monomers within typical GPEs at the NCM cathode interfaces by utilizing multiscale spectroscopy combined with theoretical calculations. We evaluate conversion rate‐interphase structure correlation, revealing that interfacial evolution is highly dependent on residual monomer content. Specifically, the degradation chemistry in NCM cathodes with thermally cured gel polymer electrolytes (TC‐GPEs) is governed by monomer‐initiated interphase reconstruction, leading to an imbalanced interphase growth mode with organic‐rich species and retarded diffusion kinetics through the electrode. We further reveal that organic ether/ester‐based byproducts, caused by the oxidative decomposition of unreacted monomers during the initial charging step, are the key factor in the acceleration of NCM failure modes. This study elucidates the multiscale fading mechanism in the NCM||GPE system, providing improved insights into interphase issues in typical GPEs and facilitating the further development of long‐life NCM||GPE prototypes for commercial applications.
Synthesis, Structure, and Polymerization Activity of [PN]2M(amido)2 (M = Ti and Zr) Complexes
Authors: Iwasaki Jin , Toda Tomoyuki , Nishii Kei , Takenaka Katsuhiko 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe reactions of two equivalents of monoanionic bidentate [PN]‐type ligand characterized by a dibenzophosphole‐backbone with M (NR2)4 (M = Ti, R = Me; M = Zr, R = Et) afforded titanium and zirconium complexes. Two signals appeared in the solution, as evidenced by the presence of a minimum of two diastereomers in the corresponding 31P NMR spectrum. The X‐ray crystallographic studies of the molecular structures of one of the two diastereomers complexes revealed distorted octahedral structures with phosphorus atoms coordinated to titanium and zirconium centers and the pyrrolido group coordinated to the metal center in the η1‐coordination, and the two dibenzophosphole rings exhibited π‐π stacking interactions. Ethylene polymerization at 0.4 MPa using these complexes with dried modified methylaluminoxane (dMMAO) as a cocatalyst produced linear polyethylene (PE) with a melting point of 128°C–136°C. The polymerization activity for ethylene attained values of up to 276 kg/mol (Ti)·h and 223 kg/mol (Zr)·h at 50°C.
Enhancing Dielectric Elastomer Driven Deformation Through Multifunctional Chemical Crosslinkers
Authors: Meng Yan , Hao Yanan , Liang Tong , Xing Kun , Yin Li‐Juan , Guo Limin , Dang Zhi‐Min 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWith the rapid development of flexible wearable devices and transducers, plenty of studies have been conducted in recent years on dielectric elastomers (DEs) for various applications due to their significant deformation ability, high energy conversion efficiency, and lightweight. However, DEs usually need pre‐stretching to enhance electric breakdown strengths and produce large deformation, increasing the complexity of the driving structures and limiting their applications. In this work, the electromechanical properties of elastomers chemically crosslinked by crosslinking agents with different functionalities are investigated. The Young's modulus can be increased as the content of the trifunctional crosslinking agent increases, leading to a remarkable enhancement of electrical breakdown strength and subsequent driving deformation. Specifically, PT4.5 achieves a maximum driving deformation of 34.2% at 46 kV mm−1 without pre‐stretching, increasing by 75% compared with PT0, which is crosslinked only by bifunctional crosslinking agent. Consequently, the energy density reaches 0.034 MJ m−3, which is 4.2 times higher than mammalian skeletal muscle (0.008 MJ m−3). These findings propose a practical and simple strategy to improving breakdown strength and electrically driven deformation without the need for pre‐stretching.
Spatial Variability in Juvenile Sea Trout Data Collection and Assessment Methods Across Europe: Limitations and Opportunities for Standardising Analyses
Authors: Alexandre Carlos M. , Berry Madeleine , Magnusson Katarina , Silva Sara , Louhi Pauliina , Walker Alan , Höjesjö Johan , Malcolm Iain A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBrown trout (Salmo trutta L.) is a widely distributed fish species native to Europe, with high phenotypic plasticity, including resident and anadromous (sea trout) forms. Many populations are in decline, especially the anadromous ecotype towards the southern edge of their range. Evidence‐based management is dependent on reliable assessment methods to characterise underperforming populations and identify mitigation actions. Assessment methods based on juvenile data are useful for trout given the species' plasticity. These typically involve comparisons between observed and expected juvenile densities, which vary geographically and with habitat quality. These estimates are mostly obtained through wading electrofishing and field‐based habitat surveys. Although some national and regional trout assessment methods have been developed, efforts to develop range‐wide evaluations have been constrained by a lack of common protocols. This paper summarises the national methods used to characterise juvenile trout and associated habitat based on information compiled by national representatives of the ICES WGTRUTTA. It then considers opportunities for harmonising data with the aim of developing a range‐wide assessment. Survey methods varied substantially within and between countries but showed no clear spatial patterns of coherence. Development of a single set of survey and data collection methods appears highly unlikely. A more pragmatic approach could involve harmonising existing data to make them broadly comparable. This could involve selective use of fish survey data, integration of range‐wide macro‐scale spatial and habitat data obtained from spatial datasets and use of appropriate modelling frameworks. We also emphasise the critical importance of population data from index rivers to validate and scale juvenile assessments and to compare sampling methods.
RNA‐Based Biopesticides: Pioneering Precision Solutions for Sustainable Aquaculture in China
Authors: Huang Yiran , Dai Yingmin , Huang Zhuotong , Zhang Mengqi , Xiu Lijun , Zhang Xianhui , Zhang Youyu , Huang Lixing 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTRNA‐based biopesticides, heralding the third revolution in agricultural pest and disease control, emerge as pivotal for sustainable aquaculture in China. This review delves into the background, evolution, and applications of RNA biopesticides, emphasizing their transformative impact on aquaculture disease management. RNA‐based biopesticides offer myriad advantages. Utilizing dsRNA formulations ensures species‐specific targeting, thereby minimizing effects on nontarget organisms. Swift environmental degradation of dsRNA addresses concerns about residual effects and pollution. Crucially, the host’s genetic structure remains unchanged, averting heritable variations. Additionally, resistance challenges are easily mitigated through targeted gene replacement. Nevertheless, challenges impede the technology’s full potential. Factors such as target gene selection, varying effectiveness across pests, and susceptibility of dsRNA to pathogen degradation can influence overall efficacy. The widespread use of RNA pesticides prompts scrutiny of their impact on nontarget organisms’ immune systems, necessitating meticulous consideration of exogenous dsRNA biosafety. Furthermore, assessing the toxicity of viruses and microorganisms as dsRNA carriers is crucial. High production costs and lower efficiency in large‐scale production compared to conventional pesticides demand urgent attention. Future research should prioritize the optimization of dsRNA delivery systems to improve stability and targeting precision. Investigating the integration of RNA‐based pesticides with other sustainable agricultural practices may further mitigate environmental impacts. Moreover, advancements in cost‐effective production techniques and regulatory frameworks will be critical for enabling the widespread adoption of RNA biopesticides, thereby securing their role in the future management of global aquaculture diseases.
Redshift‐Agnostic Machine Learning Classification: Unveiling Peak Performance in Galaxy, Star, and Quasar Classification (Using SDSS DR17)
Authors: Chatterjee Debashis , Ghosh Prithwish 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTClassification of galaxies, stars, and quasars using spectral data is fundamental to astronomy, but often relies heavily on redshift. This study evaluates the performance of 10 machine learning algorithms on SDSS data to classify these objects, with a particular focus on scenarios where redshift information is unavailable. Leveraging features such as “z,” “u,” “g,” “r,” “i,” and redshift, we assess the accuracy of various algorithms, including XGBoost, Random Forest, and recurrent neural networks (RNNs). Our analysis demonstrates the superior accuracy of the Random Forest classifier when redshift is included. The feature importance analysis reveals that “redshift” is the most critical feature, contributing 64.7% to the classification accuracy, followed by the “z” band (10.0%) and the “g” band (7.95%). However, even in the absence of redshift, XGBoost, Random Forest, and RNNs exhibit promising results, indicating the potential of photometric data for accurate classification. We systematically compare classification outcomes with and without redshift, revealing the relative importance of different features and identifying the most robust classifiers for redshift‐limited scenarios. This research not only highlights the power of machine learning for astronomical classification but also provides a framework for reliable classification when redshift data is lacking. By uncovering the distinguishing spectral characteristics of galaxies, stars, and quasars that are independent of redshift, we open new avenues for efficient and accurate classification in large‐scale photometric surveys and the study of faint, high‐redshift objects.
The Factor Structure and Validity of the Psychopathy Checklist‐Short Version When Used With Autistic Psychiatric Inpatients
Authors: Maguire Kate , Barnoux Magali , Collins Josie , Melvin Clare L. , Inkson Ismay , Alexander Regi T. , Devapriam John , Duggan Conor , Shepstone Lee , Staufenburg Ekkehart , Thompson Paul , Turner David , Viding Essi , Langdon Peter E. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe Psychopathy Checklist Short Version (PCL:SV) is a brief measure of psychopathy. This study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the PCL:SV with autistic adults detained in inpatient psychiatric care. Data were collected from 282 autistic adults at two time points separated by 12‐months. Reliability and validity were investigated using omega, regression, receiver operating characteristic curves, and correlational analysis. PCL:SV Total, Factor 1, and Factor 2 had satisfactory to high reliability and construct validity. Higher PCL:SV scores were associated with poorer treatment progress, a longer length of stay, and previous criminal offending. Factor 1 was associated with a forensic history, detention under Part III of the Mental Health Act, and a personality disorder diagnosis, while Factor 2 was also associated with the absence of a forensic history, detention under Part II of the Mental Health Act, but not a personality disorder diagnosis. It was thought that Factor 2 most likely captured data associated with autism and/or intellectual disabilities (e.g., behaviors that challenge). Those with intellectual disabilities were less likely to have convictions, a history of violent offending, or a forensic history. They were also more likely to be detained under Part II of the Mental Health Act, and were more likely to have had a positive transfer 12‐months later to a ward with lesser security. The PCL‐SV correlated as expected with the HCR‐20 and the START. This study provides preliminary evidence to support the use of the PCL:SV with autistic adults, including those with intellectual disabilities, within inpatient psychiatric hospitals.
SSB‐2548 Inhibits CXCR‐4 Activation, Inducing Apoptosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells
Authors: Dera Ayed A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe role of C‐X‐C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXR‐4) in chemotherapy resistance remains crucial in promoting proliferation, invasion, and progression in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. This study aims to screen and investigate a potential lead candidate as a therapeutic agent targeting CXCR‐4 in AML cells. Diversity‐based virtual screening process using AutoDock‐Vina was employed to screen approximately 850,000 compounds from the ChemBridge‐small molecule database. The binding stability and dynamics were investigated through GROMACS‐based molecular dynamics simulations and root mean square deviation (RMSD). AML cells (THP‐1, HL‐60, and SKM‐1 cell lines) were used to assess proliferation CXCR‐4 expression, and apoptosis induction was measured using flow cytometry and trans‐endothelial migration was assessed using calorimetric method in AML cells. The absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties were predicted using SwissADME server. The computational evaluations revealed SSB‐2548 as a lead candidate that binds stably to CXCR‐4. Molecular dynamics simulations provided detailed insights into the conformational changes of the SSB‐2548/CXCR‐4 complex. The compound inhibited the THP‐1, HL‐60, and SKM‐1 cell proliferations with GI50 values of 84.57, 41.30, and 120.50 nM, respectively. SSB‐2548 decreased the trans‐endothelial migration and CXCR‐4 expression in while inducing early and late phase apoptosis in all three AML cell types. ADME predictions indicated a favorable lead‐likeness, gastrointestinal absorption, and lack of notable toxicity. Computational assessments identified SSB‐2548 as a novel CXCR‐4 inhibitor. In vitro evaluations proved this lead compound effective against AML cells. These findings lay the groundwork for future, investigations positioning SSB‐2548 as a candidate for the development of targeted therapies against AML.
Comparing GreenLight PVP and HoLEP beyond 5 years: A systematic review of long‐term functional outcomes and reoperation rates
Authors: Yim Arthur , Alberto Matthew , Yan Xingqi , Bolton Damien , Wong Lih‐Ming , Sethi Kapil 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to compare long‐term (≥ 5 years) functional outcomes and reoperation rates following holmium laser enucleation of prostate (HoLEP) vs GreenLight photoselective vaporisation of prostate (GLPVP).MethodsMEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane databases were searched from inception to December 2023. Included were randomised controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies and case series studying HoLEP and/or GLPVP, where functional outcomes and reoperation rates were reported. Studies with <5‐year follow‐up were excluded. Evidence was synthesised as a comparison across all parameters. Quality of evidence was assessed with the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale.ResultsOf 3047 records identified, 25 were eligible, including two RCTs, two cohort studies, one cross‐sectional study and 20 case series. Twenty‐three studies focused on HoLEP or GLPVP, whilst two were comparative studies. HoLEP demonstrated long‐term durability of outcomes and low reoperation rates (mean 4.1%, range 2.0%–6.3%) at a mean follow‐up of 7.3 years. GLPVP also had durable outcomes at 5‐year follow‐up, but inconclusive evidence for improvements at 10 years. Reoperation rates were also higher (mean 12.6%, range 3.8%–33.3%). This is in keeping with findings of comparative studies, where HoLEP demonstrated greater improvements in all functional parameters except PVR, and lower reoperation rates. Findings are limited by patient attrition, lack of comparative studies and long‐term data beyond 10 years. Three studies examined the 180‐W GLPVP model at 5 years showed superior durability to earlier 80‐W/120‐W models.ConclusionsCurrent evidence suggests that HoLEP provides significantly greater functional improvements and a lower reoperation rate when compared with the GLPVP 80‐W/120‐W model at 5‐year follow‐up. The 180‐W model is comparable with HoLEP based on limited data at 5 years, but there is a lack of data beyond 10 years for longer‐term functional outcomes.
Testosterone levels at diagnosis: A key predictor of overall survival among patients with prostate cancer
Authors: Jussila Ilkka , Ahtiainen Juha P. , Laakkonen Eija K. , Käkelä Pirjo , Parviainen Maisa , Pohjolainen Heikki , Aaltonen Jarno , Onni Ninamaria , Mikko Koskimaa , Murtola Teemu J. , Huhtala Heini , Seikkula Heikki 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThe exact relationship between testosterone levels at diagnosis and prostate cancer (PCa) prognosis remains inadequately explored. The objective was to determine whether serum testosterone levels at the time of PCa diagnosis are associated with overall survival.Patients and MethodsThe study cohort involved 2544 PCa patients, divided into three groups; normal (>10.4 nmol/L), grey zone (8.0–10.4 nmol/L) and low (2.0–8.0 nmol/L) serum testosterone groups. Survival outcomes were analysed using Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox regression models.ResultsThe analysis revealed an increased risk of death among patients with low testosterone levels compared to those with normal levels in uni‐ (HR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.37–2.05, p < 0.001) and multivariable‐adjusted (HR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.24–1.98, p < 0.001) analysis. Sensitivity analysis on patients with normal glucose metabolism revealed similar results (HR = 1.93, CI: 1.48–2.51, p < 0.001), as well as after stratified with age below 70 years (HR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.02–2.36, p < 0.001) and over 70 years (HR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.46–2.28, p < 0.001.) There was no difference in survival between the grey zone compared to other testosterone groups. The retrospective design limits our ability to infer causality.ConclusionLow testosterone at the time of PCa diagnosis is an independent predictor of overall survival. Findings highlight the potential of testosterone for prognostic evaluation in PCa.