bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of ionizing radiation exposure levels and associated health risk in some selected solid mineral mining sites Edo-North, Nigeria
Authors: Eshiemomoh A.O. , Avwiri G.O. , Ononugbo C.P. 
Published: March 2021

Ionizing radiation exposure rate and its associated health risks were assessed using Digilert 200 and Rados Radiation Monitoring Meter, integrated with Geographical Positioning System (Garmin GPSMAP 76S) of some selected solid mineral mining sites across Edo-North Nigeria. The mean exposure rates show some characteristic range of 0.010±0.005 𝑚𝑅ℎ𝑟−1 to 0.027 𝑚𝑅ℎ𝑟 −1 across the entire study. The obtained mean exposures rates at all the mining pits were higher than the ICRP standard limit of 0.013 𝑚𝑅ℎ𝑟 −1 , except at freedom limestonesmining pit where we recorded 0.010 mRh-1. It was also observed that limestones mining sites exhibited low exposure rate while granite mining sites exhibited high exposure rate. The computed equivalent dose rate ranges from 1.049 mSvy-1 to 2.287 mSvy-1 , which is well above the recommended permissible limit of 1.0 mSvy-1 for the general public. 91.7% of the mining sites recorded higher absorbed dose rate but the mean AEDE recorded across the entire study area are below the ICRP standard. The average excess lifetime cancer risk shows variation from 0.472 x 10-3 to 1.27 x 10-3 . . By this result, the probability of contacting cancer due to radiation exposure is higher in places like Cinoma pit, Cetraco pit, Niger-Cat pit, Jigom pit, Oaries pit and Petra-Quarries pit.
Keywords: Assessment, Mining pits, Background, Exposure, lifetime cancer risk
Structural, electronic, mechanical and thermodynamic properties of half-metallic rh2fez (z = ga, in) full heusler compounds from first principles
Authors: Osafile O.E. , Umukoro J.O. 
Published: March 2021

We report on the structural, electronic, mechanical, and thermodynamic properties of Rh2FeGa and Rh2FeIn full Heusler alloys from first principles. Results for the structural analysis establishes structural stability with a negative formation energy of -0.2175 eV and -0.2082 eVfor Rh2FeGa and Rh2FeIn, respectively. The lattice constants and electronic properties compare favorably with reports from existing literature. The compounds are both anisotropic and mechanically stable, having checked out with the Born and Huang criteria. Rh2FeIn alloy is more ductile, yet, harder, and stiffer compared to its Rh2FeGa counterpart. The Debye temperatures of 400.124 K and 267. 738 K recorded for Rh2FeGa and Rh2FeIn, respectively, is consistent with the expectation that the main group element's atomic size has an inverse relationship with the Debye temperature. Therefore, indium with the larger atomic size has a lesser Debye temperature. Both compounds obey the Dulong-Petit limit at temperatures between 400 K and 500 K. The specific heat capacity at constant volume 𝐶𝜐 of 96.5 𝐽 𝑚𝑜𝑙−1𝐾−1 and 98 𝐽 𝑚𝑜𝑙−1𝐾 −1 for Rh2FeIn and Rh2FeGa alloys suggests thermodynamic stability of the compounds at moderate temperatures.
Keywords: Density functional theory; Density functional perturbation theory; Half-Heusler compounds; Mechanical Properties; Thermodynamic properties.
Application of electrical and magnetic geophysical methods in depth estimation of potential mineral depositat Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago Iwoye, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Coker J.O , Akinmoladun A.E. , Agbelemoge A.J. , Ariyo S.O. , Bayewu O.O. , Mosuro G.O , Alaka A.O. 
Published: March 2021

Geophysical techniques are powerful tools in depth estimation of minerals deposits. This survey was carried out to evaluate the nature and depth of mineral deposits near the Sports complex of Olabisi Onabanjo University (OOU), Ago-Iwoye.’. A total of five (5) Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) points were investigated using Pasi Terrameter. The spread across the area using the Schlumberger configuration was with a maximum current electrode separation of 100m. The results obtained were interpreted quantitatively and qualitatively using partial curve matching and computer iteration programs known as WINRESIST and SURFER 11. Also, forty one (41) survey profiles were taken at a station interval of 5m using the GEM Magnetometer to acquire the Total Magnetic Intensity reading. The Guassian filter-Oasis Montaj was used for the computation of regional field from the observed TMI readings of the area. The geologic andstructural map reveals a few visible fractured zones imbedded in the migmatite-gneiss deposits which spread from the northwest to the southern and eastern part of the study area and the granite gneiss was seen around the Southwestern and Northern parts. The delineated fractures could potentially serve as geologic traps for mineral localization. The 2D radial average power spectrum indicates that, the northeast part of the mapped area has a depth of 4.5mand a depth of 13m at the eastern part. It can be seen that the depth are shallow and there are visible outcrops at the study area.The approximate depth to the mineral deposit was determined using the standard Euler solution to be around 13 m and the elevation range obtained varies between 37 m – 50 m. The correlation of the electrical and magnetic techniques shows that both methods are able to give the estimated depth of shallow mineral deposit which range between 13 m – 18m.
Keywords: Euler solution, Geophysical Techniques, Lithology, Total Magnetic Intensity, Vertical Electrical Sounding.
PEMBERDAYAAN MAHASISWA PADA PELATIHAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN IKAN AIR TAWAR DI STIM SHANTI BHUANA BENGKAYANG
Authors: Hapsari Veneranda Rini , Usman Yohanes , Situmorang Dokman Marulitua 
Published: March 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis data tentang pelatihan budi daya ikan nila dan ikan lele yang mempunyai daya jual yang baik, di daerah perbatasan. Dengan mendeskripsikan proses, hasil, pelatihan dan faktor-faktor pendukung pelatihan ikan pada kampus STIM Shanti Bhuana. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Data penelitian menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian dapat dideskripsikan untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan serta memotivasi mahasiswa dalam berwirausaha di bidang perikanan, selain itu dapat mengembangkan mahasiswa untuk mengerti dan melatih cara memasarkan ikan tersebut kepada konsumen dengan baik, sehingga dari hasil wirausaha tersebut dapat memotivasi mahasiswa ke depannya untuk membuka usaha sebagai salah satu lapangan pekerjaan
PERANAN WANITA DAYAK DALAM PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN KELUARGA DI DESA UNTANG KALIMANTAN BARAT
Authors: Shanti Shanti Veronica br Siahaan , Helena Anggraeni (Reni) Tjondro Sugianto  
Published: March 2021

Abstrak
Penelitian tentang peran perempuan dalam pengelolaan keuangan keluarga di desa Untang, Kecamatan Banyuke Hulu, Kabupaten Landak, Kalimantan Barat menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi. Studi ini melibatkan tiga peserta perempuan Dayak yang telah menikah lebih dari sepuluh tahun dan tinggal di desa. Data penelitian diambil menggunakan teknik wawancara semi-terstruktur dan observasi. Penelitian ini menghasilkan temuan manajemen keuangan yang terpisah antara suami dan istri. Perempuan berperan sebagai mitra dalam memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-hari keluarga, komunikasi menjembatani kebutuhan anak-anak dengan ayah mereka, dan menabung.
Kata kunci: manajemen, keuangan, keluarga, wanita dayak, desa.
Demographic variation and risk factors regarding breast cancer among female in Southern Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Ahmad Waheed , Firasat Sabika , Akhtar Muhammad Sohail , Afshan Kiran , Jabeen Kaukab , Amjad Rubina Ali 
Published: March 2021

Objective: Breast cancer is a second major cause of female death worldwide. This study aimed to explore epidemiology, clinical profiles and contribution of reproductive and non-reproductive risk factors in breast cancer development among females from South Punjab, Pakistan.
Methods: Data was collected through hospitals between October 2017 and March 2018 and study got approval by Bioethical Committee of Quaid-i-Azam University in September, 2017. A total of 163 cases and 163 age-matched controls were recruited through non-probability consecutive sampling method. All histologically confirmed patients irrespective of age, family history, clinical presentation and histopathological type were included in the study as cases. Patients, who were not willing to participate were excluded from the study.
Details regarding socio-demographic characteristics, family history of cancer, reproductive health and lifestyle factors were recorded using a structured questionnaire. Conditional logistic regression was performed to calculate odds ratios at 95% confidence intervals for breast cancer by menstrual and reproductive factors after adjustment of potential confounders. Conditional logistic regression was also applied for various demographic and medical risk factors/exposures.
Results: We found positive family history and hypertension significantly linked to an increased breast cancer risk (adjusted O.R >1.5, 95% CI, P<0.05) whereas, intense physical activity, increased anthropometric measurements and breastfeeding per child in months were inversely associated with breast cancer risk (adjusted O.R <1.0, 95% CI, P<0.05) in our study cohort.
Conclusion: Our study reaffirms contribution of established risk factors for breast cancer, highlights protective factors and necessitates awareness/screening programs to reduce breast cancer burden in upcoming generations.
Continuous...
Establishing dental recall interval for Pakistani children: a longitudinal study
Authors: Muhammad Taqi  , Jaffar Abbas Zaidi  , Hafeez Shaikh  , Adnan Sukkurwalla  
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective: This study aims to determine the caries increment rate in children of 12 years of age after 6, 12 and18 months to establish appropriate dental recall interval.
Subjects and Methods: Prospective longitudinal study of 18 months duration was conducted from May 2016 to October 2017 in the Bhakkar city of Punjab, Pakistan. School children of 12-years-old were selected in this study using convenience sampling. The caries progression rate was measured using Modified Beck’s method or adjusted caries increment. Descriptive analysis was conducted to estimate the response rate at baseline and at each follow-up, to estimate the number of children who attended the examinations, mean DMFT/DMFS scores and mean caries increments. Repeated measure ANOVA with post hoc test using Bonferroni correction was used to compare baseline mean caries increment with caries increment on 6, 12 and 18 months.
Results: In the last follow-up, 183 children were present, giving a response rate of 81%. Significantly high caries increment among cavitated lesions was observed at 6 months (0.49±1.45, p=0.0001), 12 months (0.66±2.35, p=0.0001), and 18 months (0.86±2.39, p=0.0001) when compared with baseline caries increment.
Continuous...
Prognostic significance of ischemic electrocardiographic changes during stress testing in patients with normal nuclear myocardial perfusion imaging
Authors: Ghufran Adnan  , Fateh ALi Tipoo Sultan  , Umaira Alauddin  , Maria Ali Khan  
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objectives: The main objective of this study was to evaluate cardiovascular outcome in patients with normal nuclear myocardial perfusion imaging but ischemic ECG changes during pharmacological or exercise stress test.
Methods: In this retrospective study, we included a cohort of patients who underwent either pharmacological or exercise stress MPS and have a normal scan with ischemic EKG changes at Aga Khan University Hospital, from January 2013 to December 2014. All cardiac events including angina, myocardial infarction, heart failure, coronary revascularization and cardiac death as well as non-cardiac death were determined for the whole follow up period.
Results: Among 2770 eligible patients, 296 patients (10.6%) developed ischemic EKG changes during stress test but myocardial perfusion scan was normal. Out of 296 patients 181(61%) were male and mean age was 61.98 + 15 years. We were able to follow 280 patients (94.5%). During a mean follow-up of 4 years + 7 months, 8 patients (2.8 %) died, of which only one patient (0.3%) died due to cardiac cause. Angina occurred in 25patients (8.9%), myocardial infarction in 2 patients (0.7%) and one patient hospitalized with heart failure (0.3%). We performed coronary angiography of 16 patients (5.7%), of which nine underwent percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) was done in three patients.
Conclusion: The ischemic electrocardiographic changes during stress testing in patients with normal MPI are not associated with poor out come and the risk of cardiovascular events is relatively low for an intermediate follow up period.
Continuous....
Changing Patterns of Female Work Participation in Rural and Urban India
Authors: . UMA 
Published: March 2021

Female are an integral part of the overall development of any economy. Their contribution remained immense in different stages of economic development. The contribution which they make is measured only when they are actively participating in economic activities. In India, the greatest problem that the country is experiencing is that female is either exiting from the work or shifting to the newer areas of work. The basic reason is that they want to be engaged in paid jobs. After the period of economic reform inclination of female towards the paid job is faster than the earlier period. This preference is not only in urban areas but in rural areas as well. The main purpose is to improve the living standard of not only of self but enhance the overall family income to have the better living condition. Today’s women are busy exploring new areas of work. They are trying to improve their qualification and working hard towards skilling themselves. But in the midst of all these efforts from their side, there are many constraints which are proving as a hurdle in their work participation. These bottlenecks need to be removed to provide them with better opportunities so that they can enhance their abilities to adapt themselves with the changes in the internal as well as external environment.
The status of women in India has been subject to many great changes over the past few decades. The objective of my paper is: to know the pattern of female work participation in rural and urban India; to examine the areas from where they are exiting; to know the areas where they are shifting; what needs to be done to stop their exit from the work and how to provide them with work preferences so that their potentialities can be utilized for the overall growth and development of the economy.
Magnetic resonance white matter changes
in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea.
The subset of the PURE-MIND (Prospective Urban
and Rural Epidemiological) cohort study
Authors: Postrzech-Adamczyk Katarzyna , Nahorecki Artur , Jacków-Nowicka Jagoda , Wołyniec Maria , Karczewski Maciej , Skomro Robert , Zimny Anna , Szuba Andrzej 
Published: March 2021

IntroductionChanges typical for cerebral small vessel disease (i.a. white
matter hyperintensities – WMHs) are often found accidentally in neuroimaging studies. Although asymptomatic, this condition increases the risk of future ischaemic incidents and neurodegenerative disorders. Sleep apnoea is
a recognised risk factor for vascular diseases. The aim of our study was to
assess the prevalence of, and association between, obstructive sleep apnea
(OSA) and cerebral small vessel disease in the studied population.Material and methodsTwo hundred and seven patients (participants
of Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology Study) took part in our study.
The study group consisted of 31 patients with OSA (11 women and 20 men).
Nine of them were diagnosed with mild OSA, nine with moderate OSA, and
13 with severe OSA. The control group consisted of 176 patients (133 women and 43 men) who scored 0–2 points in the STOP-BANG questionnaire.
All patients underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging. We evaluated
the occurrence and severity of WMHs.ResultsSignificantly higher incidence of WMHs was found in the study
group compared to controls. In univariate analyses, age was a significant
predictor of periventricular white matter changes. For subcortical area, age
and waist-to-hip ratio were significant predictors.ConclusionsSignificantly higher incidence of WMHs in the studied group suggests that patients with OSA may have a higher risk of neurodegeneration.
Risk of left atrial appendage thrombus in older patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Gawalko Monika , Budnik Monika , Uziębło-Życzkowska Beata , Gorczyca Iwona , Krzesiński Paweł , Scisło Piotr , Kochanowski Janusz , Michalska Anna , Jelonek Olga , Starzyk Katarzyna , Jurek Agnieszka , Kiliszek Marek , Wożakowska-Kapłon Beata , Gielerak Grzegorz , Filipiak Krzysztof , Opolski Grzegorz , Kapłon-Cieślicka Agnieszka 
Published: March 2021

IntroductionWe aimed to compare the prevalence of left atrial appendage
(LAA) thrombus and its predictors between old and young patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).Material and methodsThe study included 1970 patients aged ≥ 65 (n =
822 [41.7%]) and < 65 (n = 1148 [58.3%]) referred for AF cardioversion or
ablation preceded by transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE).ResultsOral anticoagulation (OAC) was prescribed in 799 (97.2%) patients
aged ≥ 65 years and in 1054 (91.8%) of those aged < 65 years (p < 0.001).
In patients treated with OAC, those aged ≥ 65 years less often received
vitamin K antagonist (VKA) (267 [33.4%] vs. 416 [39.5%]) and more often
non-VKA-OAC (NOAC) (532 [66.6%] vs. 638 [60.5%], p = 0.008, p = 0.008)
compared to patients < 65 years. On TEE, LAA thrombus was more often
observed in patients aged ≥ 65 years than those aged < 65 years (63 [7.7%]
vs. 46 [4.0%], p < 0.001), with an absolute but not statistically significant
difference between patients aged 65–74 and ≥ 75 years (47 [7.3%] vs. 16
[8.8%], p = 0.528). In patients aged ≥ 65 years, there was no difference in
the prevalence of LAA thrombus between patients treated with VKA and
NOAC, in contrast to patients aged < 65 years, in whom such a difference
was observed (27 [6.5%] vs. 16 [2.5%], p = 0.002). In multivariate logistic
regression, predictors of LAA thrombus in both age groups were older age,
non-paroxysmal AF, and heart failure, whereas only in patients aged < 65
years – VKA use, and in those aged ≥ 65 years – lower glomerular filtration
rate and platelet count.ConclusionsDespite OAC use, older patients with AF remain at high risk of
LAA thrombus formation. Older age, non-paroxysmal AF, and heart failure
are predictors of LAA thrombus, irrespective of age.
Inhibition of histone deacetylase promotes
a neuroprotective mechanism in an experimental
model of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Li Hang , Shi Guolin , Zha Hao , Zheng Liqing , Luo Zhan , Wang Ying 
Published: March 2021

IntroductionTherapies targeting histone deacetylase (HDAC) have gained
wider attention in the treatment of various clinical conditions. However, the
use of HDAC inhibitors in pre-clinical trials in the case of Parkinson’s disease
(PD) is very limited. In the present study, the HDAC inhibitor, entinostat, was
tested in animals induced with Parkinson’s disease experimentally.Material and methodsWistar male rats (150 ±10 g) were administered
with rotenone (2 mg/kg/day, s.c.) for 21 days to induce PD, while entinostat
(20 mg/kg) was given intraperitoneally. Then, the neurological functions, PD
markers, and HDACs were analysed in the control and experimental animals.ResultsThe results demonstrated that rats that received entinostat displayed progressive motor, behavioural, and neurological function with attenuated α-synuclein and improved tyrosine-hydroxylase compared to control
cells. Moreover, the induction of PD in rats demonstrated reduced levels of
H2S, dopamine, 3, and 4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), and increased
monoamine oxidase activity in PD rats. However, the rats that received entinostat demonstrated progressive levels of dopa and DOPAC, with attenuated
levels of HDAC-2, -4, and -6 mRNA in the PD rats compared to controls. On
the other hand, elevated (p < 0.01) levels of PD marker genes such as GDF3
and NMDA2b were reduced, with a significant increase in neuroprotective
genes such as VDAC3 and CBX5 in entinostat-supplemented rats.ConclusionsThe study results suggest that inhibition of HDAC systematically improves the neurological functions, and hence treatments, emphasizing that HDACI, as the speculated mechanism, will be a promising mode of
treatment in PD.
Placental thickness in the 2D prenatal ultrasonographic examination
Authors: Strzelecka Iwona , Karuga Filip , Szmyd Bartosz , Walter Aleksandra , Daszkiewicz Gabriela , Respondek-Liberska Maria 
Published: March 2021

IntroductionThe placental thickness (PTh) is an ultrasonographic measurement commonly used to assess the placenta. The study aimed to determine
selected factors influencing PTh in 2D prenatal ultrasonographic examination. It might have a special value in difficult cases for interpretation when
PTh is above or below the reference values.Material and methodsIn this retrospective study, we analysed the results
of foetal ECHO examination of 2833 foetuses performed between June 2016
and December 2019 in our single unit. 596 healthy foetuses older than
12 weeks of gestation from singleton pregnancies were enrolled in the
study. The following parameters were used in the further analysis: placental
implantation site, gestational age according to the last menstrual period
(LMP) and foetal biometry (FB); maternal weight, height, and body mass
index (BMI) at the time of examination; and PTh.ResultsPTh was affected by its location: posterior 33 mm vs. anterior 30 mm
(p < 0.001). Moreover, its thickness significantly correlated with gestational
age according to FB (r = 0.386, p < 0.001), LMP (r = 0.369, p < 0.001), maternal weight (r = 0.192, p < 0.001), height (r = 0.125, p = 0.002), and BMI (r =
0.147, p < 0.001), but not with maternal age (r = 0.050, p = 0.219). A linear
regression model based on these data explained the 16.38% variability of
the tested subjects (p < 0.001).ConclusionsOur observations suggest that maternal weight correlated
more strongly with PTh than maternal BMI. For PTh evaluation, it is important to pay attention to the placental implantation site – the posterior
placenta was thicker than the anterior placenta. Moreover, PTh variability
remains largely unknown; therefore, further research in this field is needed.