bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factor analysis of the relationship between PANSS score and family burden of patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Huang Jiang , Wei Wei‐Xiang , Zheng Pan‐Pan , Tang Tao , Zhang Pei‐Hao , Long Mao‐Yuan , Li Mei‐Ling , Ning Xiao‐Yu , Tian Ying‐Yun , Cheng Yu , Wu Jun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the burden of family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia, and its influencing factorsMethodsA total of 105 patients with schizophrenia and their caregivers were investigated using the positive and negative symptom scale (PANSS) and family burden scale of disease (FBS)ResultsThere was a strong correlation between the patient's recovery and family burden, especially between positive and negative symptoms and family financial burden, family daily activities, family recreational activities, and family relationshipConclusionThere is a strong correlation between the patient's recovery and family burden, and this is especially correlated to family economic burden, family daily activities, family recreational activities, and family relationship. Medical staff should pay attention to the psychological characteristics of patients and fully understand and avoid the adverse effects of family burden on the rehabilitation of patients.
The problem with assumptions: Revisiting “The dark figure of sexual recidivism”
Authors: Lave Tamara Rice , Prescott J.J. , Bridges Grady 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWhat is the actual rate of sexual recidivism given the well‐known fact that many crimes go unreported? This is a difficult and important problem, and in “The dark figure of sexual recidivism,” Nicholas Scurich and Richard S. John (2019) attempt to make progress on it by “estimat[ing] actual recidivism rates . . . given observed rates of reoffending” (p. 171). In this article, we show that the math in their probabilistic model is flawed, but more importantly, we demonstrate that their conclusions follow ineluctably from their empirical assumptions and the unrepresentative empirical research they cite to benchmark their calculations. Scurich and John contend that their analysis undermines what they call the “orthodoxy in academic circles” (p. 173) of low sexual recidivism rates among individuals convicted of sexual offenses, but we underscore that their article does not analyze data in the traditional sense; instead, it just interprets past scholarly work through the use of strong assumptions in a way that, for practitioners, is likely to be opaque and misleading (and, for us, strays into speculation, argument, or advocacy and away from objective research). Our simple calculations show that their findings are highly sensitive to their assumptions, and we conclude that courts and others should recognize Scurich and John's work for what it is—a set of complex hypotheticals that are no more reliable than what judges and lawyers accomplish on their own by simply recognizing the basic problem that not all sexual offenses are reported.
A five‐gene signature is a prognostic biomarker in pan‐cancer and related with immunologically associated extracellular matrix
Authors: Yu Chunlai , You Mingliang , Zhang Peizhen , Zhang Sheng , Yin Yuzhu , Zhang Xiao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe tumor microenvironment (TME) is related to extracellular matrix (ECM) dynamics and has a broad fundamental and mechanistic role in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. We hypothesized that ECM regulators might play an essential role in pan‐cancer attribution by causing a generic effect through its regulation of the dynamics of ECM alteration. By analyzing data from TCGA using GSEA and univariate Cox regression analysis, we found that ECM regulator genes were significantly enriched and contributed to mortality in various cancer types. Notably, UMAP analysis revealed that ECM regulator genes dominated the differences between tumor and adjacent normal tissues based on 59 or 31 pan‐survival‐related ECM gene sets. Subsequently, a five‐gene signature consisting of the predominant ECM regulators ADAM12, MMP1, SERPINE1, PLOD3, and P4HA3 was identified. We found that this five‐gene signature was pro‐mortality in 18 types of cancer in TCGA, and validated eleven other cancer types in TCGA and seven types in the TARGET and CoMMpass databases using overall survival analysis. KEGG pathway enrichment and Pearson correlation analysis indicated that these five component genes that were correlated with specific ECM proteins involved in tumorigenesis from the ECM receptor interaction gene set. Additionally, the fitted results of a linear model were applied to strengthen the discovery, demonstrating that the five genes were correlated with immune infiltration score and especially associated with typically immunologically “cold” tumors. We thus conclude that the ADAM12, MMP1, SERPINE1, PLOD3, and P4HA3 signature showed a close association with a pan‐cancer effect on prognosis and is related to ECM proteins in the TME which corresponding with immunologically “cold” cancer types.
Association of immune‐related pneumonitis with clinical benefit of anti‐programmed cell death‐1 monotherapy in advanced non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Ono Kana , Ono Hirotaka , Toi Yukihiro , Sugisaka Jun , Aso Mari , Saito Ryohei , Kawana Sachiko , Aiba Tomoiki , Odaka Tetsuo , Matsuda Suguru , Saito Shin , Narumi Akane , Ogasawara Takahiro , Shimizu Hisashi , Domeki Yutaka , Terayama Keisuke , Kawashima Yosuke , Nakamura Atsushi , Yamanda Shinsuke , Kimura Yuichiro , Honda Yoshihiro , Sugawara Shunichi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe association between the development of checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) with tumor response and survival has remained unclear so far. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between CIP and the clinical efficacy of anti‐programmed cell death‐1 antibody in patients with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsBetween January 2016 and August 2019, 203 advanced NSCLC patients were administered with nivolumab or pembrolizumab. Comparisons were made between patients with and without CIP. We evaluated the time‐to‐treatment failure (TTF), progression‐free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).ResultsCIP was observed in 28 (14%) patients. CIP was associated with a longer PFS (18.9 months [95% confidence interval, CI: 8.7 months–not reached] vs. 3.9 months [95% CI: 3.4–5.1 months, p < 0.01]) and longer OS (27.4 [95% CI: 20.7 months–not reached] vs. 14.8 months [95% CI: 11.2–17.9 months, p = 0.003]). Most patients discontinued the immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment when they developed CIP. Seven patients (25%) lived for more than 300 days from treatment discontinuation and did not show any long‐term tumor growth after treatment discontinuation.ConclusionCIP was associated with prolonged PFS and OS. Additionally, 25% of CIP patients did not show any tumor growth for long periods after treatment discontinuation. Careful management of CIP can help in obtaining the best clinical efficacy from anti‐PD‐1 antibody.
Preparation of One‐Pot Immobilized Lipase with Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Into Metal‐Organic Framework For Enantioselective Hydrolysis of (R,S)‐Naproxen Methyl Ester
Authors: Ozyilmaz Elif , Ascioglu Sebahat , Yilmaz Mustafa 
Published: June 2021

AbstractImmobilization of enzyme to magnetic metal‐organic frameworks (MOF) can preserve biological functionality in harsh environments to increase enzymes activity, stability, and improve reusability. The magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were treated with calix[4]arene tetracarboxylic acid (Calix) and Candida rugosa lipase (CRL), and then encapsulated into the zeolitic imidazole framework‐8 (Fe3O4@Calix‐ZIF‐8@CRL). The lipase activity data of Fe3O4@Calix‐ZIF‐8@CRL was 2.88 times higher than that of the Fe3O4@ZIF‐8@CRL (without Calix). The catalytic properties of immobilized lipases were studied on the enantioselective hydrolysis of R/S‐naproxen methyl ester. It was also observed that Fe3O4@Calix‐ZIF‐8@CRL has excellent enantioselectivity (E=371) compared to Fe3O4@ZIF‐8@CRL (E=131). Furthermore, Fe3O4@Calix‐ZIF‐8@CRL was seen to still retain 30 % of the conversion rate after the fifth reuse. This work may also be useful for the pharmaceutical industry due to the increased reusability and stability of enzymes, the enantiomeric selectivity exhibited by MOF‐enzyme biocomposites, and the significant differences in the biological activities of the enantiomers.
Catalytic Kinetics Considerations and Molecular Tools for the Design of Multienzymatic Cascade Nanoreactors
Authors: Chauhan Kanchan , Zárate‐Romero Andrés , Sengar Prakhar , Medrano Carlos , Vazquez‐Duhalt Rafael 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWithin the cellular microenvironment of organisms, the surface‐ and volume‐ enclosed multiple enzymes perform highly complex series of chemical reactions for very selective and efficient synthesis of biomolecules. Several efforts have been carried out to mimic these timely and spatially defined natural enzyme cascade reactions onto the artificial multienzyme nano‐assemblies via immobilization of two or more enzymes on nanosupport, while maintaining the catalytic activity. These biocatalytic systems undergo cascade reactions for the efficient production of chemicals and materials of interest. Their increasing interest is based on their numerous potential applications in the area of environmental, biomedical and applied chemistry. A variety of nanosupports and multienzyme immobilization techniques have been optimized and reported. Nanoreactors usually show molecular crowding and anomalous diffusion of substances that modify the mass action kinetic laws. Thus, the kinetics is different than those shown by free diluted enzymes. Consequently, the catalytic activity considerations in cascade reactions on nanoassemblies are of great importance. Thus, in this work, important parameters of enzyme kinetics in cascade reaction and the molecular tools for the design and optimization of bi‐ and multi‐enzymatic nanobioreactors reactions are discussed.
Bonding in Barium Boryloxides, Siloxides, Phenoxides and Silazides: A Comparison with the Lighter Alkaline Earths
Authors: Le Coz Erwann , Hammoud Joanna , Roisnel Thierry , Cordier Marie , Dorcet Vincent , Kahlal Samia , Carpentier Jean‐François , Saillard Jean‐Yves , Sarazin Yann 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBarium complexes ligated by bulky boryloxides [OBR2]− (where R=CH(SiMe3)2, 2,4,6‐iPr3‐C6H2 or 2,4,6‐(CF3)3‐C6H2), siloxide [OSi(SiMe3)3]−, and/or phenoxide [O‐2,6‐Ph2‐C6H3]−, have been prepared. A diversity of coordination patterns is observed in the solid state for both homoleptic and heteroleptic complexes, with coordination numbers ranging between 2 and 4. The identity of the bridging ligand in heteroleptic dimers [Ba(μ2‐X1)(X2)]2 depends largely on the given pair of ligands X1 and X2. Experimentally, the propensity to fill the bridging position increases according to [OB{CH(SiMe3)2}2)]−<[N(SiMe3)2]−<[OSi(SiMe3)3]−<[O(2,6‐Ph2‐C6H3)]−<[OB(2,4,6‐iPr3‐C6H2)2]−. This trend is the overall expression of 3 properties: steric constraints, electronic density and σ‐ and π‐donating capability of the negatively charged atom, and ability to generate Ba ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ F, Ba ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ C(π) or Ba ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ H−C secondary interactions. The comparison of the structural motifs in the complexes [Ae{μ2‐N(SiMe3)2}(OB{CH(SiMe3)2}2)]2 (Ae = Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba) suggest that these observations may be extended to all alkaline earths. DFT calculations highlight the largely prevailing ionic character of ligand‐Ae bonding in all compounds. The ionic character of the Ae‐ligand bond encourages bridging coordination, whereas the number of bridging ligands is controlled by steric factors. DFT computations also indicate that in [Ba(μ2‐X1)(X2)]2 heteroleptic dimers, ligand predilection for bridging vs. terminal positions is dictated by the ability to establish secondary interactions between the metals and the ligands.
Quadruple Role of Pd Catalyst in Domino Reaction Involving Aryl to Alkyl 1,5‐Pd Migration to Access 1,9‐Bridged Triptycenes
Authors: Iwata Takayuki , Kumagai Satoru , Yoshinaga Tatsuro , Hanada Masato , Shiota Yoshihito , Yoshizawa Kazunari , Shindo Mitsuru 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA Pd‐catalyzed domino reaction of 1,8,13‐tribromo‐9‐methoxytriptycenes is reported. Under conventional Suzuki coupling conditions, the triptycenes underwent multiple transformations to give 1,9‐bridged triptycenes. Based on mechanistic investigations, a single Pd catalyst functions as Pd0, PdII and PdIV species to catalyze four distinct processes: (1) aryl to alkyl 1,5‐Pd migration, (2) intramolecular arylation, (3) homocoupling of phenylboronic acid and (4) Suzuki coupling. DFT calculations revealed that 1,5‐Pd migration likely proceeds via both concerted PdII and stepwise PdIV routes. Asymmetric synthesis of the chiral triptycenes, as well as optical resolution, and further transformation are also reported.
A‐site Cation Defects (Ba0.5Sr0.5)1–xCo0.8Fe0.2O3–δ Perovskites as Active Oxygen Evolution Reaction Catalyst in Alkaline Electrolyte†
Authors: Tang Lulu , Rao Yifei , Wei Lianwei , Zheng Hui , Liu Huimin , Zhang Wenhua , Tang Kaibin 
Published: June 2021

Main observation and conclusionPerovskites (Ba0.5Sr0.5)1–xCo0.8Fe0.2O3–δ (x = 0.02, 0.05, 0.1 denoted as BSCF‐0.98, BSCF‐0.95, BSCF‐0.9, respectively) with A‐site cation defects are synthesized by simple and efficient sol‐gel method and are proved to have better OER catalytic effect than the well‐known Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3–δ (BSCF) oxides. BSCF‐0.95 exhibits the best OER catalytic activity in the series perovskite. The current density of BSCF‐0.95 is about 56% higher than that of BSCF oxide at a potential of 1.7 V. The experimental studies have shown that compared with BSCF, BSCF‐0.95 oxide has a larger electrochemical surface area (ECSA), a higher content of O22– species related to surface oxygen vacancies, and faster charge transfer rate, which may be the factors for the enhancement of OER activity. The theoretical calculation results prove that the center positions of the O 2p‐band of perovskite with A‐site cation defects are closer to the Fermi level than BSCF oxide, which agrees with the OER performance trend of the material.
Allergen immunotherapy for respiratory allergy: Quality appraisal of observational comparative effectiveness studies using the REal Life Evidence AssessmeNt Tool. An EAACI methodology committee analysis
Authors: Di Bona Danilo , Paoletti Giovanni , Chu Derek K. , Pepys Jack , Macchia Luigi , Heffler Enrico , Canonica Giorgio Walter 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundObservational comparative effectiveness studies in allergen immunotherapy (AIT) represent an important evidence source answering research questions that can be challenging to obtain from randomized controlled trials (RCTs), such as long‐term benefits of AIT, the effects on asthma prevention and the onset of new allergen sensitizations. However, observational studies are prone to several sources of bias, which limit their reliability.The REal Life Evidence AssessmeNt Tool (RELEVANT) was recently developed to assist in quality appraisal of observational comparative research to enable identification of useful nonrandomized studies to be considered within guideline development.ObjectiveTo systematically appraise the quality of published observational comparative AIT studies using RELEVANT.MethodsObservational studies comparing AIT to pharmacotherapy for respiratory allergies, assessing as outcome measures reduction of symptoms and/or medication use reduction, were retrieved by computerized bibliographic searches. According to RELEVANT, a failure to meet any one of primary items (background, design, measures, analysis, results, discussion/interpretation, and conflict of interest) represents a critical flaw, significantly undermining the validity of the study results.ResultsThe 14 studies identified supported the benefit of AIT in real‐life, which persists after treatment discontinuation. However, none of them met all the 7 primary RELEVANT criteria. The main defects were reported in the design (28.6% of studies), measures and analysis (64.3% of studies), and results (78.6% of studies) items, due to selection bias and lack of methods for adjusting controls. Half of the studies did not report on conflict of interest.ConclusionThere is a need for more robust observational research in AIT. RELEVANT appears as an easy‐to‐use and sensitive tool for quality appraisal in AIT studies.
Therapeutic relationship and professional burnout in psychotherapists: A structural equation model approach
Authors: Zarzycka Beata , Jankowski Tomasz , Krasiczyńska Barbara 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPrevious studies on the therapists' burnout have focused on individual and environmental risk factors. This study aimed to analyse whether variables reflecting therapeutic relationship—the therapist experience of relational depth and quality of the therapeutic relationship—can be related to psychotherapist burnout. Four alternative path models were examined. A total of 101 humanistic–experiential psychotherapists, aged between 29 and 86 years, participated in the research. The Relational Depth Frequency Scale, the Scale to Assess the Therapeutic Relationship, the Psychological Well‐Being Scale and the Link Burnout Questionnaire were applied to the research. The results showed that relational depth and therapeutic quality correlated negatively with psychotherapist burnout. Relational depth is the main predictor of psychological well‐being and psychotherapist burnout through its effect on therapeutic quality. The experiences of relational depth, primarily of person‐centred therapists, have positive psychological potential in predicting lower professional burnout.
The cross‐cultural effects of brand status and social facilitation on enhancing consumer perception toward circular fashion services
Authors: Ramkumar Bharath , Woo Hongjoo , Kim Naeun (Lauren) 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWhile existing clothing consumption practices are contributing to increasing environmental degradation, circular fashion promises to be a more sustainable approach to keep used clothes in circulation instead of being sent to landfills. However, it is necessary to use more than just environmental benefits to motivate consumers to shop for secondhand clothing online through a circular fashion service. Therefore, through two experiments, this study tests the role of brand and social facilitation due to perceived economic and social benefits and the attitude and intention to use a circular fashion service among U.S. and Korean consumers. By applying commodity theory and social facilitation theory, this study found that brand status and a socially facilitating message can enhance perceived benefits, attitude, and intention toward using a circular fashion service, while specific effects are found differently between U.S. and Korean consumers. Implications of these findings and limitations of the study are discussed.
Wide slot tri‐band antenna for Wireless Local Area Network/World‐Wide Interoperability for Microwave Access applications
Authors: Patel Upesh , Parekh Megh , Desai Arpan , Upadhyaya Trushit 
Published: June 2021

SummaryA low‐profile, tri‐band, wide slot antenna for the Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World‐Wide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications is proposed in this article. The surface dimension of the proposed planar antenna is 0.32λ × 0.32λ mm2 (lowest operating frequency). The antenna structure consists of a wide slot which is formed by carefully etching out the square and circular shapes from the basic patch antenna. The standard cost‐effective FR‐4 substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm is used for the fabrication of the prototype. Tri‐band resonance at 2.4, 3.5, and 5.5 GHz is achieved with the peak gain of 3.33, 1.12, and 1.37 dBi, respectively. The impedance bandwidth at three resonant peaks is 15.36%, 11.7%, and 8.29% with Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) well below the requirement of 1.5. Dipole‐shaped radiation patterns, average gain > 1.96 dBi, and efficiency of 83% make the antenna commercially viable for use in WLAN and WiMAX devices.
Dolphin swarm optimization algorithm for software‐defined antenna selection algorithm in underwater acoustic sensor network
Authors: S Sankar Ganesh , Rajaprakash S. 
Published: June 2021

SummaryUnderwater acoustic sensor network (UASN) employs to monitor the aquatic environment. The underwater nodes deploy for continuous and real‐time monitoring. The underwater nodes deploy at different depths to facilitate data forwarding from ocean floor sensor to buoys node. However, the underwater network has limited network resources such as the battery, bandwidth, and susceptibility to mobility, thermographic conditions, and propagation delay. The propagation delay and thermographic condition prolong node packet processing and delay network operation. The delayed network operation increases node battery consumption and overhead. Hence, a bio‐inspired dolphin swarm optimization algorithm (DSA) implements to select the optimal antenna for data transmission. The DSA selects the optimal antenna for data communication by evaluating the acknowledgment packet obtained for data transmitted through multiband antennas. The DSA was simulated in an NS2‐Aquasim environment and testbed to evaluate its performance. The DSA improved data reliability, packet delivery ratio by 97%, and reduced bit error rate (BER), end‐to‐end delay compared to traditional algorithms.
High foliar K and P resorption efficiencies in old‐growth tropical forests growing on nutrient‐poor soils
Authors: Urbina Ifigenia , Grau Oriol , Sardans Jordi , Margalef Olga , Peguero Guillermo , Asensio Dolores , LLusià Joan , Ogaya Romà , Gargallo‐Garriga Albert , Van Langenhove Leandro , Verryckt Lore T. , Courtois Elodie A. , Stahl Clément , Soong Jennifer L. , Chave Jerome , Hérault Bruno , Janssens Ivan A. , Sayer Emma , Peñuelas Josep 
Published: June 2021

AbstractResorption is the active withdrawal of nutrients before leaf abscission. This mechanism represents an important strategy to maintain efficient nutrient cycling; however, resorption is poorly characterized in old‐growth tropical forests growing in nutrient‐poor soils. We investigated nutrient resorption from leaves in 39 tree species in two tropical forests on the Guiana Shield, French Guiana, to investigate whether resorption efficiencies varied with soil nutrient, seasonality, and species traits. The stocks of P in leaves, litter, and soil were low at both sites, indicating potential P limitation of the forests. Accordingly, mean resorption efficiencies were higher for P (35.9%) and potassium (K; 44.6%) than for nitrogen (N; 10.3%). K resorption was higher in the wet (70.2%) than in the dry (41.7%) season. P resorption increased slightly with decreasing total soil P; and N and P resorptions were positively related to their foliar concentrations. We conclude that nutrient resorption is a key plant nutrition strategy in these old‐growth tropical forests, that trees with high foliar nutrient concentration reabsorb more nutrient, and that nutrients resorption in leaves, except P, are quite decoupled from nutrients in the soil. Seasonality and biochemical limitation played a role in the resorption of nutrients in leaves, but species‐specific requirements obscured general tendencies at stand and ecosystem level.