bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aberrant DNA Methylation-Mediated FOXF2 Dysregulation Is a Prognostic Risk Factor for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Li Yong-Zhi , Dai Dong-Qiu 
Published: September 2021

Background: The prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) patients is poor. The effect of aberrant DNA methylation on FOXF2 expression and the prognostic role of FOXF2 methylation in GC have not yet been identified.Methods: The RNA-Seq and gene methylation HM450 profile data were used for analyzing FOXF2 expression in GC and its association with methylation level. Bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP) was performed to measure the methylation level of the FOXF2 promoter region in GC cell lines and normal GES-1 cells. The cells were treated with the demethylation reagent 5-Aza-dC, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of FOXF2 were then measured by qRT-PCR and western blot assays. The risk score system from SurvivalMeth was calculated by integrating the methylation level of the cg locus and the corresponding Cox regression coefficient.Results: FOXF2 was significantly downregulated in GC cells and tissues. On the basis of RNA-Seq and Illumina methylation 450 data, FOXF2 expression was significantly negatively correlated with the FOXF2 methylation level (Pearson’s R = −0.42, p &lt; 2.2e−16). The FOXF2 methylation level in the high FOXF2 expression group was lower than that in the low FOXF2 expression group. The BSP assay indicated that the methylation level of the FOXF2 promoter region in GC cell lines was higher than that in GES-1 cells. The qRT-PCR and western blot assay showed that FOXF2 mRNA and protein levels were increased in GC cells following treatment with 5-Aza-Dc. The methylation risk score model indicated that patients in the high risk group had poorer survival probability than those in the low risk group (HR = 1.84 (1.11–3.07) and p = 0.0068). FOXF2 also had a close transcriptional regulation network with four miRNAs and their corresponding target genes. Functional enrichment analysis of the target genes revealed that these genes were significantly related to several important signaling pathways.Conclusion: FOXF2 was downregulated due to aberrant DNA methylation in GC, and the degree of methylation in the promoter region of FOXF2 was related to the prognosis of patients. The FOXF2/miRNAs/target genes axis may play a vital biological regulation role in GC.
Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis of Potential mRNA and miRNA Regulatory Networks in Mice With Ischemic Stroke Treated by Electroacupuncture
Authors: Wu Chunxiao , Zhao Lijun , Li Xinrong , Xu Yingshan , Guo Hongji , Huang Zifeng , Wang Qizhang , Liu Helu , Chen Dongfeng , Zhu Meiling 
Published: September 2021

Background: The complicated molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on ischemic stroke are still unclear. Recently, more evidence has revealed the essential role of the microRNA (miRNA)–mRNA networks in ischemic stroke. However, a systematic analysis of novel key genes, miRNAs, and miRNA–mRNA networks regulated by EA in ischemic stroke is still absent.Methods: We established a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mouse model and performed EA therapy on ischemic stroke mice. Behavior tests and measurement of infarction area were applied to measure the effect of EA treatment. Then, we performed RNA sequencing to analyze differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and functional enrichment between the EA and control groups. In addition, a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was built, and hub genes were screened by Cytoscape. Upstream miRNAs were predicted by miRTarBase. Then hub genes and predicted miRNAs were verified as key biomarkers by RT-qPCR. Finally, miRNA–mRNA networks were constructed to explore the potential mechanisms of EA in ischemic stroke.Results: Our analysis revealed that EA treatment could significantly alleviate neurological deficits in the affected limbs and reduce infarct area of the MCAO model mice. A total of 174 significant DEGs, including 53 upregulated genes and 121 downregulated genes, were identified between the EA and control groups. Functional enrichment analysis showed that these DEGs were associated with the FOXO signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, T-cell receptor signaling pathway, and other vital pathways. The top 10 genes with the highest degree scores were identified as hub genes based on the degree method, but only seven genes were verified as key genes according to RT-qPCR. Twelve upstream miRNAs were predicted to target the seven key genes. However, only four miRNAs were significantly upregulated and indicated favorable effects of EA treatment. Finally, comprehensive analysis of the results identified the miR-425-5p-Cdk1, mmu-miR-1186b-Prc1, mmu-miR-434-3p-Prc1, and mmu-miR-453-Prc1 miRNA–mRNA networks as key networks that are regulated by EA and linked to ischemic stroke. These networks might mainly take place in neuronal cells regulated by EA in ischemic stroke.Conclusion: In summary, our study identified key DEGs, miRNAs, and miRNA–mRNA regulatory networks that may help to facilitate the understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying the effect of EA treatment on ischemic stroke.
Vibration of the Whole Foot Soles Surface Using an Inexpensive Portable Device to Investigate Age-Related Alterations of Postural Control
Authors: Lauzier Lydiane , Kadri Mohamed Abdelhafid , Bouchard Emilie , Bouchard Kevin , Gaboury Sébastien , Gagnon Jean-Michel , Girard Marie-Pier , Larouche Andréanne , Robert Roxane , Lapointe Patrick , da Silva Rubens A. , Beaulieu Louis-David 
Published: September 2021

Background: Standing on a foam surface is used to investigate how aging affect the ability to keep balance when somatosensory inputs from feet soles become unreliable. However, since standing on foam also affects the efficacy of postural adjustments, the respective contributions of sensory and motor components are impossible to separate. This study tested the hypothesis that these components can be untangled by comparing changes of center of pressure (CoP) parameters induced by standing on a foam pad vs. a novel vibration (VIB) platform developed by our team and targeting feet soles’ mechanoreceptors.Methods: Bipedal postural control of young (n = 20) and healthy elders (n = 20) was assessed while standing barefoot on a force platform through 3 randomized conditions: (1) Baseline (BL); (2) VIB; and (3) Foam. CoP Amplitude and Velocity in the antero-posterior/medio-lateral (AP/ML) directions and COP Surface were compared between conditions and groups.Findings: Both VIB and Foam increased CoP parameters compared to BL, but Foam had a significantly greater impact than VIB for both groups. Young and Old participants significantly differed for all three Conditions. However, when correcting for BL levels of postural performance, VIB-related increase of COP parameters was no longer different between groups, conversely to Foam.Interpretation: Although both VIB and Foam highlighted age-related differences of postural control, their combined use revealed that “motor” and “sensory” components are differently affected by aging, the latter being relatively unaltered, at least in healthy/active elders. The combined used of these methods could provide relevant knowledge to better understand and manage postural impairments in the aging population.
Infantile Colic Treated With Bifidobacterium longum CECT7894 and Pediococcus pentosaceus CECT8330: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Chen Ke , Liu Changqi , Li Hua , Lei Yuehua , Zeng Chenggui , Xu Shuhong , Li Jianqiu , Savino Francesco 
Published: September 2021

Background: Colic is a common condition in infants &lt;4 months of age. Attempts to treat infantile colic with probiotics have shown variable efficacy and overall low evidence of success. In this work, we tested the hypothesis that oral administration of Bifidobacterium longum CECT7894 (KABP042) and Pediococcus pentosaceus CECT8330 (KABP041) mix (1 × 109 colony forming units) would improve the symptoms of infantile colic.Methods: A total of 112 exclusively breastfed or mixed fed infants aged &lt;2 months and meeting the ROME IV criteria for infantile colic were recruited. The infants were randomized in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to receive orally administered probiotics (intervention group, IG, n = 48) or placebo (placebo group, PG, n = 42) daily for 21 days.Results: Infants in the IG had significantly shorter crying time (p &lt; 0.001) on day 7 [IG vs. PG, median (25−75th percentile): 38 (3.5–40.5) vs. 62 (40–108) min/day], day 14 [IG vs. PG: 20 (0–40) vs. 50 (30–75) min/day], and day 21 [IG vs. PG: 14 (0–33) vs. 40 (28–62) min/day]. Higher responder ratio and fewer crying/fussing episodes on days 7, 14, and 21 and better stool consistency on day 21 were observed in the IG (p &lt; 0.01) as compared to the PG. Conversely, no significant effects on stool frequency or quality of life were observed.Conclusions: In summary, daily oral administration of B. longum CECT7894 (KABP042) and P. pentosaceus CECT8330 (KABP041) was an effective treatment for shortening crying time due to infantile colic and for improving fecal consistency. This trial was registered retrospectively in December 2019 with a trial number of ISRCTN92431452.
Efficacy of Treatments Targeting Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Systems for Major Depressive Disorder: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ding Yudan , Wei Zirou , Yan Haohao , Guo Wenbin 
Published: September 2021

Abnormal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis has been implicated in major depressive disorder (MDD). A number of studies have attempted to use HPA-modulating medications to treat depression. However, their results are inconsistent. The efficacy of these drugs for MDD remains uncertain. The aims of this meta-analysis were to determine the effect and safety profile of HPA-targeting medications for MDD. World of Science and PubMed databases were comprehensively searched up to March 2021. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and open-label trials exploring antiglucocorticoid and related medications in patients with depression were included. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) and risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for continuous or dichotomous outcomes, respectively. In the meta-analysis, we identified 16 RCTs and seven open-label studies that included 2972 subjects. Pooling the change data that assessed the efficacy across all included HPA-targeting medications for depression showed a significant difference between interventions and controls with very small heterogeneity after influence analysis (SMD = 0.138, 95%CI = 0.052, 0.224, p = 0.002; I2 = 20.7%, p = 0.212). No obvious publication bias was observed (p = 0.127). Effectiveness remained significant in patients with MDD (SMD = 0.136, 95%CI = 0.049, 0.223, p = 0.002). Subgroup analysis showed a significant difference favoring mifepristone and vasopressin 1B (V1B) receptor antagonist treatment. Adverse events were reported by 14 studies and our analysis of high-quality studies showed a significant difference in favor of controls (RR = 1.283, 95%CI = 1.134, 1.452, p = 0). Our study suggested that patients with MDD may benefit from mifepristone and V1B receptor antagonist treatments that have tolerable side effects. HPA-based medications are promising for depression treatment. However, additional high-quality RCTs, including head-to-head trials, are needed.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier registration number: CRD42021247279
Effect of Surgical Masks on Cardiopulmonary Function in Healthy Young Subjects: A Crossover Study
Authors: Zhang Guolin , Li Mei , Zheng Meifeng , Cai Xiaoqing , Yang Jinyu , Zhang Shengqing , Yilifate Anniwaer , Zheng Yuxin , Lin Qiang , Liang Junjie , Guo Lan , Ou Haining 
Published: September 2021

Objective:Mask plays an important role in preventing infectious respiratory diseases. The influence of wearing masks in physical exercise on the human body needs to be studied. The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of wearing surgical masks on the cardiopulmonary function of healthy people during exercise.Methods:The physiological responses of 71 healthy subjects (35 men and 36 women, age 27.77 ± 7.76 years) to exercises with and without surgical masks (mask-on and mask-off) were analyzed. Cardiopulmonary function and metabolic reaction were measured by the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). All tests were carried out in random sequence and should be completed in 1 week.Results:The CPETs with the mask-on condition were performed undesirably (p&lt; 0.05), and the Borg scale was higher than the mask-off (p&lt; 0.001). Rest oxygen uptake (V.O2) and carbon dioxide production (V.CO2) with the mask-on condition were lower than mask-off (p&lt; 0.01), which were more obvious at peak exercise (V.O2peak: 1454.8 ± 418.9 vs. 1628.6 ± 447.2 ml/min,p&lt; 0.001;V.CO2peak: 1873.0 ± 578.7 vs. 2169.9 ± 627.8 ml/min,p= 0.005), and the anaerobic threshold (AT) brought forward (p&lt; 0.001). At different stages of CPET with the mask-on condition, inspiratory and expiratory time (Te) was longer (p&lt; 0.05), and respiratory frequency (Rf) and minute ventilation (V.E) were shorter than mask-off, especially at peak exercise (Rfpeak: 33.8 ± 7.98 vs. 37.91 ± 6.72 b/min,p&lt; 0.001;V.Epeak: 55.07 ± 17.28 vs. 66.46 ± 17.93 l/min,p&lt; 0.001).VTwas significantly lower than mask-off just at peak exercise (1.66 ± 0.45 vs. 1.79 ± 0.5 l,p&lt; 0.001). End-tidal oxygen partial pressure (PetO2), end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure (PetCO2), oxygen ventilation equivalent (V.E/V.O2), and carbon dioxide ventilation equivalent (V.E/V.CO2) with mask-on, which reflected pulmonary ventilation efficiency, were significantly different from mask-off at different stages of CPET (p&lt; 0.05), but no significant difference in percutaneous oxygen saturation (SpO2) was found. Differences in oxygen pulse (V.O2/HR), oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES), work efficiency (△V.O2/△W), peak heart rate (HR), and peak systolic blood pressure (BP) existed between two conditions (p&lt; 0.05).Conclusion:Wearing surgical masks during aerobic exercise showed certain negative impacts on cardiopulmonary function, especially during high-intensity exercise in healthy young subjects. These results provide an important recommendation for wearing a mask at a pandemic during exercises of varying intensity. Future research should focus on the response of wearing masks in patients with related cardiopulmonary diseases.
Calidad de vida relacionada a la salud en pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica en Pereira, Colombia
Authors: Osuna-Julio Darys Luz , Estrada-Álvarez Jorge Mario , Araya-Marín María Camila , Meléndez-Puchana Leslie Alexandra , Pérez-Rendón Angela Liceth 
Published: September 2021

La Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica (EPOC) se caracteriza por limitación crónica al flujo aéreo con cambios patológicos pulmonares y significativos cambios extrapulmonares ocasionando importantes cambios en la calidad de vida de quien la padece. Objetivo: describir la calidad de vida relacionada a la salud (CVRS) en pacientes con EPOC que asisten a consulta en un centro de atención primaria en la ciudad de Pereira, Colombia. Materiales y método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal que incluyó a 43 pacientes de ambos sexos con 40 años de edad o más, con diagnóstico confirmado de EPOC, que asistieron a consulta en un centro de atención primaria de la ciudad de Pereira entre junio a diciembre del 2019 y cumplieron criterios de inclusión; se evaluó CVRS mediante el cuestionario Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire. Resultados: la caracterización sociodemográfica de los pacientes reportó edades promedio 67,8 ±7,8 años, y el género que predominó fue el masculino con un 67,4%. El puntaje total del cuestionario en CVRS, tuvo como mediana para el grupo de estudio de 4,9 (Irq, ±1,1). No hubo diferencias significativas por sexo ni edad. La disnea fue la dimensión con menor puntaje, comparativamente con las demás dimensiones del cuestionario. Conclusión: la Disnea es el principal síntoma con mayor impacto en las actividades de la vida cotidiana de los pacientes e induce a la sensación de fatiga y agrava la percepción del impacto de la enfermedad en sus vidas.
Comtismo, Castilhismo, and Varguismo
Authors: Hentschke Jens R 
Published: September 2021

The author argues that polity and policies of Getúlio Vargas’s Estado Novo cannot be fully understood without exploring the legacy of Rio Grande do Sul. The southern state’s first republican governor, Júlio de Castilhos, had taken inspiration in Auguste Comte’s multifaceted political philosophy and inculcated its authoritarian traits into political institutions. Yet, he and his followers substantially adapted Comte’s positivism to the specific economic and political circumstances in their republiqueta sui generis. In contrast to Comte, the State merged temporal and spiritual powers to pursue evolutionary political changes, a balanced socioeconomic modernisation, and the incorporation of the populus qua paternalistic public policies, and all this with a strong focus on education. Changing contexts resulted in further adjustments, when Vargas became governor in 1928: an ‘orderly’ inclusion of the opposition into the polity, a stronger state interventionism in the economy and labor market, and an experimentation with state corporatism. These experiences paved the way for this comtismo-turned-castilhismo-turning-varguismo to enter the national stage two years later. Despite all the compromises with other contenders for power that Vargas had to make thereafter, he and his gaúcho and other co-opted protégés remained united in the strong belief in technical solutions to social problems and a quest for rational institutions to carry out transformative policies. For them, the State was to be agent of development, tutor of corporate interest groups, and now also guarantor of national security. While highlighting the significant, and still underestimated, impact of French positivism on Vargas’s first 15 years in government, the article places emphasis on the pragmatic dimensions of its appropriation, propagation, and reinterpretation by two generations of state-builders.
Ocidente, Direitas e Islã
Authors: Fernandes Rocha Guimarães Gabriel 
Published: September 2021

O sentimento de rechaço ao islã tornou-se algo como um lugar-comum junto à emergência da nova direita populista em vários países e regiões do planeta. Sobretudo após os atentados de 11 de setembro de 2001, o islã ganhou um papel de protagonismo dentro daquilo que essa direita propõe combater. Todavia, os motivos do sentimento anti-islâmico tornam-se turvos, uma vez que antes do 11 de setembro vários setores da direita na Europa e nos EUA já enquadravam o imigrante não europeu, ou de países do chamado terceiro mundo como um grande problema. Quando o sentimento anti-islâmico surge nos discursos da direita em países que não se defrontam com a questão da imigração de forma tão incisiva, como no Brasil, este tema fica ainda mais problemático, tornando-se necessária uma averiguação mais detalhada da questão. Neste artigo analisa-se a abordagem do islã no contexto da nova direita no pensamento de Olavo de Carvalho, um influente formador de opinião da direita brasileira atual. Busca-se compreender de que forma suas ideias de fato convergem com o edifício teórico e ideológico da direita do Hemisfério Norte. Conclui-se que, antes que um equivalente das direitas identitárias euro-americanas, as propostas de Olavo de Carvalho se enquadram mais na Direita Cristã norte-americana, que teve o seu período de maior ativação nos anos 1990. A direita olavista recupera um discurso e um enquadramento de mundo próximos da direita norte-americana da guerra fria, porém, incorporando o tema do islã, tendo pontos de contato com a atual direita norte-americana e europeia, porém não sendo intercambiável com ela.
Relaxin Attenuates Organ Fibrosis via an Angiotensin Type 2 Receptor Mechanism in Aged Hypertensive Female Rats
Authors: Barsha Giannie , Walton Sarah L. , Kwok Edmund , Mirabito Colafella Katrina M. , Pinar Anita A. , Hilliard Krause Lucinda M. , Gaspari Tracey A. , Widdop Robert E. , Samuel Chrishan S. , Denton Kate M. 
Published: September 2021

Key Points

Relaxin attenuates tissue fibrosis in an organ- and age-specific manner.The antifibrotic actions of relaxin are mediated via an angiotensin type 2 receptor mechanism.Relaxin replacement therapy is a potential antifibrotic for cardiovascular and kidney disease in postmenopausal women.

Background
The antifibrotic effects of recombinant human relaxin (RLX) in the kidney are dependent on an interaction between its cognate receptor (RXFP1) and the angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R) in male models of disease. Whether RLX has therapeutic effects, which are also mediated via AT2R, in hypertensive adult and aged/reproductively senescent females is unknown. Thus, we determined whether treatment with RLX provides cardiorenal protection via an AT2R-dependent mechanism in adult and aged female stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSPs).

Methods
In 6-month-old (6MO) and 15-month-old ([15MO]; reproductively senescent) female SHRSP, systolic BP (SBP), GFR, and proteinuria were measured before and after 4 weeks of treatment with vehicle (Veh), RLX (0.5 mg/kg per day s.c.), or RLX+PD123319 (AT2R antagonist; 3 mg/kg per day s.c.). Aortic endothelium–dependent relaxation and fibrosis of the kidney, heart, and aorta were assessed.

Results
In 6MO SHRSP, RLX significantly enhanced GFR by approximately 25% (P=0.001) and reduced cardiac fibrosis (P=0.01) as compared with vehicle-treated counterparts. These effects were abolished or blunted by PD123319 coadministration. In 15MO females, RLX reduced interstitial renal (P=0.02) and aortic (P=0.003) fibrosis and lowered SBP (13±3 mm Hg; P=0.04) relative to controls. These effects were also blocked by PD123319 cotreatment (all P=0.05 versus RLX treatment alone). RLX also markedly improved vascular function by approximately 40% (P<0.001) in 15MO SHRSP, but this was not modulated by PD123319 cotreatment.

Conclusions
The antifibrotic and organ-protective effects of RLX, when administered to a severe model of hypertension, conferred cardiorenal protection in adult and reproductively senescent female rats to a great extent via an AT2R-mediated mechanism.
Perforación duodenal por barotrauma durante Colangiopancreatografía retrograda endoscópica. Caso Clínico
Authors: Viñoles Olid Camilo Heriberto , Cardozo Urtaran Jorge , Ruso Martinez Luis 
Published: September 2021

Introducción: La perforación duodenal secundaria a la colangiopancreatografia retrógrada endoscópica (CPRE) es una complicación infrecuente y más aún cuando su mecanismo lesional es por barotrauma. La inyección de aire a alta presión produce un neumoretroperitoneo , cuya extensión y evolución lesional es incierta . Caso Clínico: Se comunica el caso de un hombre joven que sufrió una perforación duodenal durante una CPRE ,su manejo quirúrgico y evoluciónDiscusión: El diagnóstico clínico-imagenologico suele ser precoz y claro si se detecta la lesión durante el procedimiento. El manejo terapéutico conservador o quirúrgico de esta entidad depende de varios factores que se analizan en el presente estudio.