bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of elder abuse, crime victimhood and perceived neighbourhood safety with major depression among older adults in India: a cross-sectional study using data from the LASI baseline survey (2017–2018)
Authors: Muhammad T , Meher Trupti , Sekher T V 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveThe study aims to explore the associations of elder abuse, crime victimhood and perceived safety with depression among older adults and examine the interactive effects of sex and place of residence in those associations.DesignA cross-sectional study was conducted using a large survey data.Setting and participantsThe study used data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India wave 1 (2017–2018). The effective sample size was 31 464 older adults (aged 60 years or older).Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe outcome variable was major depression, calculated using Short Form Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Descriptive statistics along with bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to fulfil the objectives.Results5.22% of the older adults (n=1587) experienced abuse in the past 1 year. 1.33% of the older individuals (n=402) were victims of a violent crime, and 14.30% (n=1886) perceived an unsafe neighbourhood. Also, 8.67% of the older adults (n=2657) were suffering from depression. Older adults who were abused had 2.5 odds of suffering from depression (adjusted OR (AOR): 2.47, CI: 1.96 to 3.10) and victims of a violent crime were 84% more likely to be depressed (AOR: 1.84, CI: 1.15 to 2.95) compared with their counterparts. Besides, older individuals who perceived as living in unsafe neighbourhood were 61% more likely to be depressed (AOR: 1.61, CI: 1.34 to 1.93) compared with their counterparts. In the interaction analysis, older women who reported abuse had higher odds of suffering from depression (AOR: 3.27; CI: 2.34 to 4.57) compared with older men who were not abused. Similar result was found in older adults reporting abuse and residing in rural areas (AOR: 3.01, CI: 2.22 to 4.07) compared with those urban residents reporting no abuse.ConclusionsHealthcare providers should pay more attention to the mental health implications of elder abuse, crime victimhood and perceived safety to grasp the underlying dynamics of the symptomology of late-life depression.
Use of rating of perceived exertion during anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and knee osteoarthritis rehabilitation: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Germano Maciel Daniel , Cerqueira Mikhail Santos , Brito Vieira Wouber Hérickson de 
Published: December 2021

IntroductionAnterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear and knee osteoarthritis (KOA) are the most prevalent musculoskeletal disorders of the knee. Rehabilitation with progressive resistance training is recommended for both disorders. Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) is widely used to prescribe, monitor, and control exercise load. However, the lack of detailed methodological description and variability in the use of RPE may hinder its validity. This scoping review summarises methodological aspects of the use of RPE in resistance exercises during ACL reconstruction and KOA rehabilitation. We also aim to identify possible methodological issues related to the use of RPE and provide recommendations for future studies.Methods and analysisThis scoping review protocol was developed following the Joanna Briggs Institute and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Statement extension for Scoping Reviews. The search will be conducted in Medline/PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PEDro, Central and SPORTDiscus databases. The terms “anterior cruciate ligament rehabilitation”, “knee osteoarthritis” and “resistance exercise” and their synonymous will be used isolated and combined (boolean operators AND/OR/NOT). Two reviewers will independently conduct title and abstract screening and evaluate full texts of potentially eligible articles. Data related to study design, sample, intervention characteristics and RPE outcomes will be extracted, summarised and qualitatively analysed.Ethics and disseminationThe proposed scoping review does not require ethical approval since it will synthesise information from publicly available studies. Regarding dissemination activities, results will be submitted for publication in a scientific journal and presented at conferences in the field.
Post-fire early successional vegetation buffers surface microclimate and increases survival of planted conifer seedlings in the southwestern United States
Authors: Crockett Joseph L. , Hurteau Matthew D. 
Published: December 2021

Climate change and fire exclusion have increased the flammability of western United States forests, leading to forest cover loss when wildfires occur under severe weather conditions. Increasingly large high-severity burn patches limit natural regeneration because of dispersal distance, increasing the chance of conversion to non-forest. Post-fire planting can overcome dispersal limitations, yet warmer and drier post-fire conditions can still reduce survival. We examined how two shrub species with different structures affect below-shrub microclimate and survival rates of planted tree seedlings (Pinus ponderosa Lawson & C. Lawson, Pinus edulis Engelm., Pinus strobiformis Engelm., Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) following a high-severity fire in northern New Mexico. We expected that Gambel oak (Querus gambelii Nutt.), with its denser canopy, would buffer below-shrub climate causing higher survival rates of planted seedlings more than the lower canopy density New Mexico locust (Robinia neomexicana A. Gray). Seedlings planted under Gambel oak had survival rates 10% to 35% greater than those planted under New Mexico locust. Higher light availability beneath New Mexico locust corresponded to higher temperatures, lower humidity, and higher vapor pressure deficit, impacting the mortality of planted tree seedlings. These results indicate that by waiting for post-fire shrub establishment, selective use of shrubs can buffer microclimate and increase post-fire planting success in the southwestern United States.
Muons as a tool for background rejection in imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope arrays
Authors: Olivera-Nieto L. , Mitchell A. M. W. , Bernlöhr K. , Hinton J. A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe presence of muons in air-showers initiated by cosmic ray protons and nuclei is well established as a powerful tool to separate such showers from those initiated by gamma rays. However, so far this approach has been fully exploited only for ground level particle detecting arrays. We explore the feasibility of using Cherenkov light from muons as a background rejection tool for imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope arrays at the highest energies. We adopt an analytical model of the Cherenkov light from individual muons to allow rapid simulation of a large number of showers in a hybrid mode. This allows us to explore the very high background rejection power regime at acceptable cost in terms of computing time. We show that for very large ($$\gtrsim 20$$

≳
20

m mirror diameter) telescopes, efficient identification of muon light can potentially lead to background rejection levels up to 10$$^{-5}$$

-
5

whilst retaining high efficiency for gamma rays. While many challenges remain in the effective exploitation of the muon Cherenkov light in the data analysis for imaging Cherenkov telescope arrays, our study indicates that for arrays containing at least one large telescope, this is a very worthwhile endeavor.
Estimation of the Exposure–Response Relation between Benzene and Acute Myeloid Leukemia by Combining Epidemiologic, Human Biomarker, and Animal Data
Authors: Scholten Bernice , Portengen Lützen , Pronk Anjoeka , Stierum Rob , Downward George S. , Vlaanderen Jelle , Vermeulen Roel 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackground:Chemical risk assessment can benefit from integrating data across multiple evidence bases, especially in exposure–response curve (ERC) modeling when data across the exposure range are sparse.Methods:We estimated the ERC for benzene and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), by fitting linear and spline-based Bayesian meta-regression models that included summary risk estimates from non-AML and nonhuman studies as prior information. Our complete dataset included six human AML studies, three human leukemia studies, 10 human biomarker studies, and four experimental animal studies.Results:A linear meta-regression model with intercept best predicted AML risks after cross-validation, both for the full dataset and AML studies only. Risk estimates in the low exposure range [&lt;40 parts per million (ppm)-years] from this model were comparable, but more precise when the ERC was derived using all available data than when using AML data only. Allowing for between-study heterogeneity, RRs and 95% prediction intervals (95% PI) at 5 ppm-years were 1.58 (95% PI, 1.01–3.22) and 1.44 (95% PI, 0.85–3.42), respectively.Conclusions:Integrating the available epidemiologic, biomarker, and animal data resulted in more precise risk estimates for benzene exposure and AML, although the large between-study heterogeneity hampers interpretation of these results. The harmonization steps required to fit the Bayesian meta-regression model involve a range of assumptions that need to be critically evaluated, as they seem crucial for successful implementation.Impact:By describing a framework for data integration and explicitly describing the necessary data harmonization steps, we hope to enable risk assessors to better understand the advantages and assumptions underlying a data integration approach.See related commentary by Keil, p. 695
Air Pollution and Breast Cancer: An Examination of Modification By Underlying Familial Breast Cancer Risk
Authors: Niehoff Nicole M. , Terry Mary Beth , Bookwalter Deborah B. , Kaufman Joel D. , O'Brien Katie M. , Sandler Dale P. , White Alexandra J. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background:
An increased familial risk of breast cancer may be due to both shared genetics and environment. Women with a breast cancer family history may have a higher prevalence of breast cancer–related gene variants and thus increased susceptibility to environmental exposures. We evaluated whether air pollutant and breast cancer associations varied by familial risk.

Methods:
Sister Study participants living in the contiguous United States at enrollment (2003–2009; N = 48,453), all of whom had at least one first-degree relative with breast cancer, were followed for breast cancer. Annual NO2 and PM2.5 concentrations were estimated at the enrollment addresses. We predicted 1-year familial breast cancer risk using the Breast and Ovarian Analysis of Disease Incidence and Carrier Estimation Algorithm (BOADICEA). Using Cox regression, we estimated HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between each pollutant dichotomized at the median and breast cancer with interaction terms to examine modification by BOADICEA score.

Results:
NO2 was associated with a higher breast cancer risk among those with BOADICEA score &gt;90th percentile (HR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.05–1.56) but not among those with BOADICEA score ≤90th percentile (HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.90–1.06; Pinteraction = 0.01). In contrast to NO2, associations between PM2.5 and breast cancer did not vary between individuals with BOADICEA score &gt;90th percentile and ≤90th percentile (Pinteraction = 0.26).

Conclusions:
Our results provide additional evidence that air pollution may be implicated in breast cancer, particularly among women with a higher familial risk.

Impact:
Women at higher underlying breast cancer risk may benefit more from interventions to reduce exposure to NO2.
ImmunoPET of Ovarian and Pancreatic Cancer with AR9.6, a Novel MUC16-Targeted Therapeutic Antibody
Authors: Sharma Sai Kiran , Mack Kyeara N. , Piersigilli Alessandra , Pourat Jacob , Edwards Kimberly J. , Keinänen Outi , Jiao Maria S. , Zhao Huiyong , White Brandy , Brooks Cory L. , de Stanchina Elisa , Madiyalakan Madi R. , Hollingsworth Michael A. , Radhakrishnan Prakash , Lewis Jason S. , Zeglis Brian M. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Purpose:
Advances in our understanding of the contribution of aberrant glycosylation to the pro-oncogenic signaling and metastasis of tumor cells have reinvigorated the development of mucin-targeted therapies. Here, we validate the tumor-targeting ability of a novel monoclonal antibody (mAb), AR9.6, that binds MUC16 and abrogates downstream oncogenic signaling to confer a therapeutic response.

Experimental Design:
The in vitro and ex vivo validation of the binding of AR9.6 to MUC16 was achieved via flow cytometry, radioligand binding assay (RBA), and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The in vivo MUC16 targeting of AR9.6 was validated by creating a 89Zr-labeled radioimmunoconjugate of the mAb and utilizing immunoPET and ex vivo biodistribution studies in xenograft models of human ovarian and pancreatic cancer.

Results:
Flow cytometry, RBA, and IHC revealed that AR9.6 binds to ovarian and pancreatic cancer cells in an MUC16-dependent manner. The in vivo radiopharmacologic profile of 89Zr-labeled AR9.6 in mice bearing ovarian and pancreatic cancer xenografts confirmed the MUC16-dependent tumor targeting by the radioimmunoconjugate. Radioactivity uptake was also observed in the distant lymph nodes (LNs) of mice bearing xenografts with high levels of MUC16 expression (i.e., OVCAR3 and Capan-2). IHC analyses of these PET-positive LNs highlighted the presence of shed antigen as well as necrotic, phagocytized, and actively infiltrating neoplastic cells. The humanization of AR9.6 did not compromise its ability to target MUC16-expressing tumors.

Conclusions:
The unique therapeutic mechanism of AR9.6 combined with its excellent in vivo tumor targeting makes it a highly promising theranostic agent. huAR9.6 is poised for clinical translation to impact the management of metastatic ovarian and pancreatic cancers.
СЕРОЛОГІЧНА ДІАГНОСТИКА КЛІЩОВИХ ІНФЕКЦІЙ У ХВОРИХ НА ЛОКАЛІЗОВАНУ СКЛЕРОДЕРМІЮ
Authors: Штокайло К. Б. , Шах Д. С. , Круз І. Д. , Андрейчин М. А. , Шкільна М. І. , Івахів О. Л. , Корда М. М. 
Published: December 2021

Мета дослідження – встановити частоту виявлення специфічних антитіл IgM і/чи IgG до Borrelia burgdorferi s. l., B. miyamotoi, Bartonella henselae та B. quintana у сироватці крові хворих на локалізовану склеродермію.
Пацієнти і методи. Під спостереженням було 78 хворих із локалізованою склеродермією, віком від 18 до 74 років, які протягом 2015-2021 рр. лікувались амбулаторно і стаціонарно в КУТОР «Тернопільський обласний клінічний шкірно-венерологічний диспансер». Чоловіків було 17 (21,8 %), жінок – 61 (78,2 %).
Для виявлення специфічних IgM і/чи IgG до B. burgdorferi s. l. (збудників Лайм-бореліозу) у сироватці крові використали двохетапний метод (ІФА та імуноблот) за допомогою тест-систем компанії Euroimmun AG (Німеччина). Отримані результати аналізували відповідно до рекомендацій виробника. Антитіла IgM і IgG до B. miyamotoi (одного зі збудників кліщових поворотних гарячок) визначали в сироватці крові методом імуноблоту в лабораторії «IGeneX Inc.» (Мілпітас, Каліфорнія, США).
Специфічні антитіла IgG до Bartonella henselae та Bartonella quintana (збудників бартонельозу) визначали у сироватці крові пацієнтів за допомогою методу мультиплексної непрямої імунофлуоресценції, застосувавши тест-системи «Mosaic for Bartonella henselae / Bartonella quintana (IgG)», компанії Euroimmun AG (Німеччина), із використанням технології «Біочіп», які містили мічені флуоресцеїном антигени вказаних видів бартонел.
Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Позитивні або проміжні результати пошуку специфічних IgM і/чи IgG до комплексу B. burgdorferi s. l. (хоча б одного класу антитіл) за допомогою ІФА отримано в 29 (37,2 %) із 78 пацієнтів з локалізованою склеродермією. Підтвердити отримані дані методом імуноблоту вдалося у 25 (86,2 %) хворих. Антитіла лише класу IgM одночасно до B. burgdorferi s. l. та B. miyamotoi методом імуноблоту діагностовано у 4 (11,1 %), IgG у – у 5 (13,9 %) із 36 пацієнтів із локалізованою склеродермією.
За допомогою методу непрямої імунофлуоресценції специфічні антитіла класу G лише до B. henselae виявлено в сироватці крові 4 (15,3 %) із 26 пацієнтів із локалізованою склеродермією.
Серологічну діагностику кліщових поворотних гарячок і бартонельозу (наявних або перенесених у минулому) в пацієнтів із локалізованою склеродермією, мешканців Тернопільської області, проведено вперше.
Висновки. Застосування двохетапного методу серологічної діагностики ЛБ (ELISA та імуноблот) дозволило виявити антитіла IgM і/чи IgG до B. burgdorferi s. l. у 32,1 % хворих із локалізованою склеродермією. Встановлено причетність B. miyamotoi до клінічних проявів локалізованої склеродермії у 13,9 % пацієнтів шляхом виявлення у них антитіл IgG одночасно до B. miyamotoi та B. burgdorferi s. l. методом імуноблоту. Специфічні антитіла IgG лише до B. henselae діагностовано в сироватці крові 15,3 % пацієнтів із локалізованою склеродермією.
Reading Frame Repair of
TTN
Truncation Variants Restores Titin Quantity and Functions
Authors: Romano Robert , Ghahremani Shahnaz , Zimmerman Talia , Legere Nicholas , Thakar Ketan , Ladha Feria A. , Pettinato Anthony M. , Hinson J. Travis 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Titin truncation variants (TTNtvs) are the most common inheritable risk factor for dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), a disease with high morbidity and mortality. The pathogenicity of TTNtvs has been associated with structural localization as A-band variants overlapping myosin heavy chain–binding domains are more pathogenic than I-band variants by incompletely understood mechanisms. Demonstrating why A-band variants are highly pathogenic for DCM could reveal new insights into DCM pathogenesis, titin (TTN) functions, and therapeutic targets.

Methods:
We constructed human cardiomyocyte models harboring DCM-associated TTNtvs within A-band and I-band structural domains using induced pluripotent stem cell and CRISPR technologies. We characterized normal TTN isoforms and variant-specific truncation peptides by their expression levels and cardiomyocyte localization using TTN protein gel electrophoresis and immunofluorescence, respectively. Using CRISPR to ablate A-band variant–specific truncation peptides through introduction of a proximal I-band TTNtv, we studied genetic mechanisms in single cardiomyocyte and 3-dimensional, biomimetic cardiac microtissue functional assays. Last, we engineered a full-length TTN protein reporter assay and used next-generation sequencing assays to develop a CRISPR therapeutic for somatic cell genome editing TTNtvs.

Results:
An A-band TTNtv dose-dependently impaired cardiac microtissue twitch force, reduced full-length TTN levels, and produced abundant TTN truncation peptides. TTN truncation peptides integrated into nascent myofibril-like structures and impaired myofibrillogenesis. CRISPR ablation of TTN truncation peptides using a proximal I-band TTNtv partially restored cardiac microtissue twitch force deficits. Cardiomyocyte genome editing using SpCas9 and a TTNtv-specific guide RNA restored the TTN protein reading frame, which increased full-length TTN protein levels, reduced TTN truncation peptides, and increased sarcomere function in cardiac microtissue assays.

Conclusions:
An A-band TTNtv diminished sarcomere function greater than an I-band TTNtv in proportion to estimated DCM pathogenicity. Although both TTNtvs resulted in full-length TTN haploinsufficiency, only the A-band TTNtv produced TTN truncation peptides that impaired myofibrillogenesis and sarcomere function. CRISPR-mediated reading frame repair of the A-band TTNtv restored functional deficits, and could be adapted as a one-and-done genome editing strategy to target ≈30% of DCM-associated TTNtvs.
The Spirit in the DtrH/Former Prophets
Authors: Peterson Brian Neil 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
While the Spirit in the Deuteronomistic History (DtrH) may not have the same explicit role as he does in the New Testament book of Acts, the Spirit is nonetheless ever-present in the lives of both Israel and Judah’s leaders and prophets. To be sure, the Spirit moves in a variety of ways and with a very similar modus operandi in the DtrH to that in the NT as he empowers, strengthens for service, and inspires the prophets. We also find that in the DtrH the Spirit convicts of sin, effects miracles through the man or woman of God, and renders discernment to those he has called. Put simply, the Spirit’s role in the DtrH, as in the NT, is the same yesterday, today, and forever.
The Spirit in John’s Apocalypse
Authors: Archer Melissa , Waddell Robby 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Despite the lack of unambiguous references to the Spirit, scholars have argued vigorously both for and against identifying some (though not all) of the occurrences of πνεῦμα as references to the Holy Spirit. In the last couple of decades, a renewed interest in the Apocalypse—especially by pentecostal biblical scholars—has led to a fresh discovery of its pneumatology, among other insights. This essay surveys the pneumatological components found in Revelation. Specifically, it investigates references to πνεῦμα, which naturally fall into four groupings: (1) the seven spirits, (2) John’s claim to be “in the Spirit,” (3) references to the Spirit speaking, and (4) the concept of “the Spirit of prophecy.”
The Battle of Thukela (Ndondakusuka), 17 April 1838
Authors: Leśniewski Michał 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The Battle of Thukela was an important Zulu victory during the early stages of the Zulu-Boer War of 1838–1840; despite this there are few studies on this battle. This silence on the battle points to the need to fill this gap, particularly as the battle shows Zulu tactical ingenuity. In addition, this work seeks to better appreciate the role of the Zulu commander, Nongalaza kaNondela and his co-commanders, whose generalship was crucial to the Zulu victory. They used the typical Zulu order creatively showing tactical imagination and ability to improvise on the battlefield. Finally, this work also shows the role and importance of the Port Natal community in the early stages of the war and motives of their co-operation with Boers as well as the internal conflicts among the Port Natal hunter-traders.
Evolutionary artificial intelligence algorithms for the one-way road orientation planning problem with multiple venues: An example of evacuation planning in Taiwan
Authors: Hsieh Yi-Chih , You Peng-Sheng 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: In large-scale events such as concerts and sports competitions, participants often leave the venue at the same time to return to their respective destinations. Improper traffic planning and traffic light operation usually lead to traffic congestion and road chaos near the sites. Rapid evacuation of participants has become an important issue. Objectives: In this work, a one-way road orientation planning problem with multiple venues is studied in which all roads near the venues are to be scheduled into a one-way orientation with strong connectivity to increase the evacuation efficiency of participants. Methods: In accordance with Robbins’ theorem and a random sequence of integers, an encoding scheme based on module operator is presented to construct a strongly connected graph and plan a one-way orientation for all roads. The proposed encoding scheme is further embedded into four artificial intelligence approaches, namely, grey wolf optimization, immune algorithm, genetic algorithm, and particle swarm optimization, to solve the one-way road orientation planning problem such that the total distance of all vehicles from venues to their destinations is minimized. Results: Numerical results of test problems with multiple venues in Taiwan are provided and analyzed. As shown, all four algorithms can obtain the best solution for the test problems. Conclusions: The new presented encoding scheme with four algorithms can be used to effectively solve the one-way road orientation planning problem for the evacuation of participants. Moreover, grey wolf optimization is superior to the other three algorithms and particle swarm optimization is faster than the other three algorithms.