bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF ZEOLITE ON AMMONIA TOXICITY AND ON SOME OF BLOOD PARAMETERS IN COMMON CARP CYPRINUS CARPIO
Authors: & Al-Rudainy Alaa 
Published: September 2021

The current study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of different levels of natural zeolite on ammonia and on some of blood parameters of Cyprinus carpio. The experimental treatments included adding zeolite as stones placed in the bottom of aquarium : Control( 0 zeolite); T1, T2 and T3 zeolite stones were added in the water at concentrations of 6 , 8 and 10 mg/l respectively. Results of ammonia concentrations ranged between 0.17 – 1.25 mg/l in T2 and in control treatment respectively from the first week up to fourth week. In T1 values of ammonia were 0.18mg/l in first week with gradually increase from 0.48 mg/l in second week and 0.78mg/l in the third week, then decline to 0.66mg/l in the fourth week, same condition was found in T2 and T3. In the second week level of ammonia was increased highly in control treatment , compared to other treatments. In the third week the increasing level of ammonia was continuously especially in control treatment followed by T3,T2 and T1 respectively. In the fourth week the level of ammonia recorded 1.25 mg/l , but decrease in T3 which reached 0.62mg/l. No mortalities were recorded in the first week for all treatments during the experimental period, while, in the fourth week in control reached up to 100% mortality compared with the T1,T2 and T3 which recorded 50, 33.33 and 33.33% respectively . Generally results showed that ammonia and mortality were decreased with increased zeolite level in water. Results of RBC ranged between 2.05 – 2.33 ×106/mm3 in control treatment and T3 respectively .The highest number of WBC in the control treatment which recorded 24.55 ×103/mm3 , while the lowest number was document in T2 (23.01×103/mm3) . The highest PCV(%) was registered inT3(26.50%). For Hb content the highest mean was reported in T3 (9.70g/dl). T3 can be considered as better treatment which contained zeolite in blood parameters followed by T2.
Comparison of Stumpage Value in Old and Young Recovered Primary Forest at FRIM Selangor Forest Park
Authors: Nur Fazreen Zainal  , Noor Hazmira Merous  , Azreena Amer Khan  
Published: September 2021

Forest Research Institute (FRI) was a former name of Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM). It had begun restoration activities back in 1920s. Nowadays, it is a paid off with a FRIM being known as a nearly 100 years old artificial forest located in the heart of the city. To date, 92% of total forested area in FRIM consisted of 85% of planted forest and 7.4% of natural forest. In order to sustain the conservation effort, the institute was declared as National Heritage in 2012 and currently in the process of pursuing the title of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. For this conservation to be translated into monetary value that reflects the richness of its natural treasure, the estimation of the stumpage value of these old and young recovered was made to highlight the importance of reforestation in degraded areas. The economic valuation of timber resources was estimated with residual value technique for four Fields that represent both types of forest. An old recovered primary forest; which located in Field 11 and 20 and a young recovered primary forest; Field 52 and 53. The results showed significant difference of stumpage value in old and young recovered forest. While the estimated stumpage value of young recovered forest is much lower, the estimated stumpage value of old recovered primary forest that aged between 72 (Field 20) to 93 years old (Field 11) is higher than the value of other Malaysia forest reserves. The findings indicated the importance of forest reforestation and proved that FRIM has a universal value as a man-made forest.
Effect of Carbon Sources on Different Strains of Phytase-Producing Bacteria Isolated from Malaysia’s Hot Spring
Authors: Nurul Izyan Che Mohamood  , Nadiawati Alias  , Nurul Asma Hasliza Zulkifly  
Published: September 2021

Animal feed from cereal grains and oilseed meals mainly containing phytic acid which has adverse effects on animal nutrition and its environment. Ruminants can easily digest the phytic acid as they have fungi and bacteria in their guts which can produce phytase to degrade the phytic acid. Meanwhile, phytic acid in non-ruminant animals is poorly digested due to the lack of sufficient phytase in their guts. Thus, the feed must be supplemented with inorganic phosphate to ensure it can absorb adequate nutrients. This study aimed to determine the effects of using different carbon sources to the growth of different strains of phytase producing bacteria based on optical density (OD), colony forming unit (CFU), and their phytase production. All four strains of potentially producing-phytase bacteria have been isolated from several hot springs in Malaysia. The bacteria were grown in modified Phytase Screening Medium (PSM) with glucose and lactose as a carbon source and under optimum culture conditions (pH 5.5, 37˚C, 200 rpm) for 72 hours. For quantitative screening of phytase production, the bacterial cultures were harvested to obtain the supernatants that were used to measure the amount of inorganic phosphorus released by the bacterial strains. Among these carbon sources, glucose has shown consistency between their CFU counts and the observed ODs whereas lactose shown inconsistency. Meanwhile, the maximum phytase activity was recorded for all strains in the presence of glucose in which bacteria strain L3 (0.0404 U/mL), RT (0.0359 U/mL), B9 (0.0262 U/mL), and A (0.0263 U/mL). As for the overall, strain L3 (Labis, Johor) gave a promising rate of inorganic phosphate released with optimum phytase activity value of 0.0404 U/mL in presence of glucose and lactose. The optimisation of the fermentation medium can contribute to more economical production of industrial enzyme as phytase has the potential to produce feed additives for poultry feeding.
Discharge Plan for Parents having Children Suffering from Head Trauma
Authors: Walaa Abd Allah El-Tayar  , Eman Amin Mohammed  , Salma El Sayed Hassan  , Hyam Refaat Tantawi  
Published: September 2021

Background: Effective discharge planning is a vital component to maintain care continuity for head traumapediatric patient. Despite this, there is a critical gap in the process and quality of discharge planning in Egypt.Aim of this studywas to assess the effect of discharge plan on parents having children suffering from headtrauma.Design: A quasi- experimental design was used.Settings: This study was conducted in Emergency Department, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) andNeurological Department at children Hospital affiliated to Ain Shams University and El-Menshawy Hospitalin Tanta affiliated to Ministry of Health.Subject: A convenient sample consist of 40 parents accompanied their children suffering from head traumawho attended in the previously mentioned settings.Tools: 1)- Pre-designed questionnaire sheet which included two parts: part I: concerned with characteristicsof studied parents and characteristics of the studied children,Part II: knowledge of the parents regardingcaring of their children suffering from head trauma, 2)- Observational check list and 3)- Child MedicalRecord.Results: All of studied parents reported that no one gave them any information about head trauma. There wasa marked improvement in parents’ knowledge and reported practices post implementation of discharge plan.There were strong positive correlations between studied parents’ total knowledge and their total reportedpractices related to care of children after head trauma pre/post discharge plan.There was highly statisticalsignificance difference between parents’ total knowledge regarding care of head trauma in children andtheir level of education post implementation of discharge plan. There was statistical significance differencebetween parents’ total reported practices regarding care of head trauma in children and their level of educationpost implementation of discharge plan.Conclusion: All of research hypothesis were accepted and implementation of discharge plan led to significantimprovements in parents’ knowledge and reported practices regarding care of their children suffering fromhead trauma.
Recommendations: Discharge plan for all parents having children suffering from head trauma must beginwith parents at their first day of admission.
TOI-532b: The Habitable-zone Planet Finder confirms a Large Super Neptune in the Neptune Desert orbiting a metal-rich M-dwarf host
Authors: Kanodia Shubham , Stefansson Gudmundur , Cañas Caleb I. , Maney Marissa , Lin Andrea S. J. , Ninan Joe P. , Jones Sinclaire , Monson Andrew , Parker Brock A. , Kobulnicky Henry A. , Rothenberg Jason , Beard Corey , Lubin Jack , Robertson Paul , Gupta Arvind F. , Mahadevan Suvrath , Cochran William D. , Bender Chad F. , Diddams Scott A. , Fredrick Connor , Halverson Samuel , Hawley Suzanne , Hearty Fred , Hebb Leslie , Kopparapu Ravi , Metcalf Andrew J. , Ramsey Lawrence W. , Roy Arpita , Schwab Christian , Schutte Maria , Terrien Ryan C. , Wisniewski John , Wright Jason T. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We confirm the planetary nature of TOI-532b, using a combination of precise near-infrared radial velocities with the Habitable-zone Planet Finder, Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) light curves, ground-based photometric follow up, and high-contrast imaging. TOI-532 is a faint (J ∼ 11.5) metal-rich M dwarf with Teff = 3957 ± 69 K and [Fe/H] = 0.38 ± 0.04; it hosts a transiting gaseous planet with a period of ∼2.3 days. Joint fitting of the radial velocities with the TESS and ground-based transits reveal a planet with radius of 5.82 ± 0.19 R
⊕, and a mass of

61.5

−
9.3

+
9.7

M
⊕. TOI-532b is the largest and most massive super Neptune detected around an M dwarf with both mass and radius measurements, and it bridges the gap between the Neptune-sized planets and the heavier Jovian planets known to orbit M dwarfs. It also follows the previously noted trend between gas giants and host-star metallicity for M-dwarf planets. In addition, it is situated at the edge of the Neptune desert in the Radius–Insolation plane, helping place constraints on the mechanisms responsible for sculpting this region of planetary parameter space.
A Blueprint for the Milky Way’s Stellar Populations. III. Spatial Distributions and Population Fractions of Local Halo Stars
Authors: An Deokkeun , Beers Timothy C. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We analyze the observed spatial, chemical and dynamical distributions of local metal-poor stars, based on photometrically derived metallicity and distance estimates along with proper motions from the Gaia mission. Along the Galactic prime meridian, we identify stellar populations with distinct properties in the metallicity versus rotational velocity space, including Gaia Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), the metal-weak thick disk (MWTD), and the Splash (sometimes referred to as the “in situ” halo). We model the observed phase-space distributions using Gaussian mixtures and refine their positions and fractional contributions as a function of distances from the Galactic plane (

∣
Z
∣

) and the Galactic center (

R

GC

), providing a global perspective of the major stellar populations in the local halo. Within the sample volume (

∣
Z
∣
<
6

kpc

), stars associated with GSE exhibit a larger proportion of metal-poor stars at greater

R

GC

(

Δ
〈
[
Fe

/

H
]
〉

/

Δ

R

GC

=
−
0.05
±
0.02

dex

kpc

−
1

). This observed trend, along with a mild anticorrelation of the mean rotational velocity with metallicity (

Δ
〈

v

ϕ

〉

/

Δ
〈
[
Fe

/

H
]
〉
∼
−
10

km

s

−
1

dex

−
1

), implies that more metal-rich stars in the inner region of the GSE progenitor were gradually stripped away, while the prograde orbit of the merger at infall became radialized by dynamical friction. The metal-rich GSE stars are causally disconnected from the Splash structure, whose stars are mostly found on prograde orbits (≳94%) and exhibit a more centrally concentrated distribution than GSE. The MWTD exhibits a similar spatial distribution to the Splash, suggesting earlier dynamical heating of stars in the primordial disk of the Milky Way, possibly before the GSE merger.
Exemplary Merging Clusters: Weak-lensing and X-Ray Analysis of the Double Radio Relic, Merging Galaxy Clusters MACS J1752.0+4440 and ZWCL 1856.8+6616
Authors: Finner Kyle , HyeongHan Kim , Jee M. James , Wittman David , Forman William R. , van Weeren Reinout J. , Golovich Nathan R. , Dawson William A. , Jones Alexander , de Gasperin Francesco , Jones Christine 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The investigation of merging galaxy clusters that exhibit radio relics is strengthening our understanding of the formation and evolution of galaxy clusters, the nature of dark matter, the intracluster medium, and astrophysical particle acceleration. Each merging cluster provides only a single view of the cluster formation process, and the variety of merging clusters is vast. Clusters hosting double radio relics are rare and extremely important because they allow tight constraints on the merger scenario. We present a weak-lensing and X-ray analysis of MACS J1752.0+4440 (z = 0.365) and ZWCL 1856.8+6616 (z = 0.304), two double radio relic clusters. Our weak-lensing mass estimates show that each cluster is a major merger with approximately 1:1 mass ratio. The total mass of MACS J1752.0+4440 (ZWCL 1856.8+6616) is

M

200

=

14.7

−
3.3

+
3.8

×

10

14

M
⊙ (

M

200

=

2.4

−
0.7

+
0.9

×

10

14

M
⊙). We find that these two clusters have comparable features in their weak-lensing and gas distributions, even though the systems have vastly different total masses. From the likeness of the X-ray morphologies and the remarkable symmetry of the radio relics, we propose that both systems underwent nearly head-on collisions. However, revelations from the hot-gas features and our multiwavelength data analysis suggest that ZWCL 1856.8+6618 is likely at a later merger phase than MACS J1752.0+4440. We postulate that the SW radio relic in MACS J1752.0+4440 is a result of particle reacceleration.
Numerical Modeling of Latitudinal Gradients for Galactic Cosmic-Ray Protons during Solar Minima: Comparing with Ulysses Observations
Authors: Shen Zhenning , Qin Gang , Zuo Pingbing , Wei Fengsi , Xu Xiaojun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The latitudinal gradients of galactic cosmic-ray (GCR) protons measured by Ulysses during two successive minima provide a unique opportunity to study the modulation effects in polar regions of the heliosphere. In this work, a GCR modulation model based on numerically solving the Parker transport equation is used to study the latitudinal distribution of GCR protons in the inner heliosphere. Modifications of the standard Parker heliospheric magnetic field, the reduction of particle drifts, the latitudinal-dependent magnetic turbulence characteristics, and the anisotropic perpendicular diffusion coefficient are incorporated in the numerical model to investigate the corresponding modulation effects. It is found that the latitudinal-dependent magnetic turbulence magnitude, which makes the parallel diffusion coefficient decrease with the increasing of latitude, is crucial to obtain the negative latitude gradient in the inner heliosphere during the negative-polarity solar cycle. For the A > 0 period, on the other hand, the latitudinal diffusion coefficient in the inner heliosphere and the reduced drift velocity in the polar region are more important, while the anisotropic perpendicular diffusion coefficient at high latitude might be not essential. Finally, the proton latitudinal gradient and the corresponding differential intensity along the trajectory of Ulysses during its first and third fast latitude scans are computed, and the results show good agreement with the spacecraft observations.
New records of German Scelionidae (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea) from the collection of the State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart
Authors: Awad Jessica , Vasiliţa Cristina , Wenz Sophie , Alkarrat Hamdow , Zimmermann Olaf , Zebitz Claus , Krogmann Lars 
Published: September 2021

Scelionid wasps are arthropod egg parasitoids, many of which are relevant to global biosecurity. However, the scelionid fauna of Germany has not received much attention from professional taxonomists.
Eleven species and four genera are recorded for the first time from Germany, including species of interest to agriculture and biological control. First genus records include Baryconus Förster, Macroteleia Westwood, Paratelenomus Dodd and Probaryconus Kieffer. First species records include B. europaeus (Kieffer), Idris nigroclavatus (Kieffer), Idris semiflavus (Kieffer), M. bicolora Kieffer, M. pannonica Szabo, Paratelenomus saccharalis (Dodd), Trimorus varicornis (Walker), Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston), Trissolcus belenus (Walker), Trissolcus colemani (Crawford) and Trissolcus flavipes (Thompson). COI barcodes are identified for the first time from B. europaeus and M. bicolora. Each species is illustrated and updated world distributions are provided. Implications for agriculture are discussed.
Entre délinquance infantile et psychiatrie à Rio de Janeiro : les enfants du Pavillon Bourneville dans les années 1920
Authors: Weiss Roma Gabriel , Sanglard Gisèle 
Published: September 2021

Cet article vise à analyser comment la première institution brésilienne dédiée au traitement de l’enfance anormale, le Pavillon Bourneville, s’inscrit dans le projet de société du Brésil républicain, nettement eugéniste et hygiéniste. S’appuyant sur la littérature médicale, la presse, la documentation institutionnelle et les dossiers médicaux constitués lors de l’admission d’enfants à l’Hospital Nacional de Alienados (HNA), l’article étudie la méthode théorisée par son directeur, Antonio Fernandes Figueira (1863-1928), basée sur les techniques développées par Désiré-Magloire Bourneville à Bicêtre en France, et se demande à qui était en fait destiné le pavillon, en examinant les pratiques de soin de l’institution. Les années 1920 constituent une période cruciale pour analyser la place des enfants dans la psychiatrie brésilienne. C’est en effet à cette époque que l’État brésilien a commencé à intervenir dans le domaine de la garde d’enfants, qui relevait auparavant de la philanthropie et de la charité, et que le gouvernement fédéral a adopté une politique active concernant les soins de santé en général. L’analyse se clôt avec l’année 1929, les années 1930 ayant apporté de nombreux changements dans les politiques de santé publique avec le coup d’État de 1930 de Getúlio Vargas qui a inauguré l’Estado Novo (« État Nouveau »).
Les délinquants mineurs : des aliénés difficiles ?
Authors: Fau-Vincenti Véronique 
Published: September 2021

Les établissements psychiatriques, et en particulier celui de l’asile de Villejuif où a été ouverte en 1910 une section réservée aux aliénés délinquants et criminels, ont reçu des mineurs déclarés pénalement irresponsables ou estimés aliénés. Parmi eux, des jeunes gens qui avaient été précédemment placés en colonies pénitentiaires, mais aussi des fils de bonne famille ayant pour certains un passif en maisons de santé privées. La prise en charge de leur délinquance ou leur méconduite témoigne de l’approche médico-légale dont ils ont fait l’objet. Considérés plus fous que « dévoyés », les uns n’ont parfois connu qu’une vie marquée par une enfance abandonnée ou irrégulière aux prises avec des institutions dédiées à la répression de la délinquance alors que les cas des autres illustrent comment la psychiatrie s’est faite l’auxiliaire d’une « police des familles » confrontée aux inconduites vues au travers d’un prisme pathogène. Désignés comme des dégénérés, des déséquilibrés ou des pervers, victimes de « tares constitutionnelles » selon les médecins, ces jeunes gens ont été appréhendés comme des inadaptés, inamendables et imperméables aux sanctions pénales avant que ne se pose de nouveau la question de leur responsabilité.
Une clinique pédagogique pour les enfants de l’hôpital psychiatrique de Genève, 1944-1955
Authors: Ruchat Martine 
Published: September 2021

L’idée d’adapter l’enseignement comme l’éducation à la diversité des enfants s’enracine dans une pensée psychopédagogique dont Édouard Claparède a été le promoteur. L’institut J.-J. Rousseau créé en 1912 et devenu en 1929 Institut des sciences de l’éducation comprend des personnalités comme les médecins François Naville et Henri Brantmay, la psychopédagogue Alice Descoeudres et le psychologue André Rey qui s’engagent à former des élèves dans cet esprit. Entrée comme élève auditrice, Renée Delafontaine, sensibilisée à l’enfant dément comme à l’enfant difficile, invente une pratique pédagogique quelque peu improbable. L’émergence du Pavillon Les Grands-Bois s’explique par cette histoire d’une éducation très spéciale qui participe au développement progressif, entre la création des classes spéciales en 1898 et celle de la consultation psychiatrique ambulatoire en 1954, du champ de l’éducation spécialisée.
Morphometrical study of the reproductive tract in Boran (Bos indicus) heifers in Ethiopia
Authors: Ali Sayid , Degefa Tamrat , Lemma Alemayehu 
Published: September 2021

Boran breed is the most suitable type of cattle breed for arid and semi-arid regions of Ethiopia due to their adaptive characteristics. Understanding their reproductive anatomy is important for successful reproductive management and has many implications for the application of assisted reproductive technology, and interpretation of physiological changes at different stages of their reproductive cycle. In this study, data of the anatomical structures of the reproductive organs of 20 Boran heifers were measured and characterized at different stages of reproduction. The mean (±SE) length (L) of the vagina, cervix, and body of uterus were 13.17±2.98 cm, 7.19±1.28 cm, and 6.70±1.08cm, respectively. The mean (±SE) length of the right uterine horn and oviduct was 18.47 ±2.54 and 18.17 ±1.27cm, respectively and that of the left were 18.05±2.73 and 17.45±1.80 cm, respectively. The mean ±SE weight (W) of right and left ovaries were 2.44±1.51 gm and 2.44±1.51 gm, respectively. The mean ±SE Length x Width x Thickness of the right ovary was 2.10±0.59 x 1.75±0.35 x 0.83±0.36 and that of the left was 1.97±0.41 x 1.58±0.29 x 0.67±0.33 cm. The mean (±SE) weight of the whole reproductive organ (without the vulva) was 301.35±66.34gm. The ovarian size was influenced by the presence of the corpus luteum(CL) usually larger with its presence.