bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Le Maghreb
Authors: Giblin Béatrice 
Published: March 2021

Dans ce numéro sont abordés les problèmes géopolitiques graves et complexes de l’Algérie, du Maroc et de la Tunisie. L’un des problèmes les plus graves auquel ces trois pays, et plus particulièrement l’Algérie, ont dû faire face est l’islamisme politique à partir des années 1990. Qu’en est-il vingt-cinq ans plus tard ? Dans aucun de ces pays la mouvance islamiste n’a totalement disparu, mais elle est plus ou moins sous contrôle selon des moyens spécifiques à chacun d’eux. Ils affrontent dans des situations économiques difficiles la pandémie de la Covid-19 qui a imposé un contrôle sanitaire strict, donnant l’occasion de renforcer un contrôle politique tout aussi strict. Par exemple le gouvernement algérien en a profité pour interdire les manifestations du Hirak espérant ainsi y mettre un terme, mais au vu de la profondeur de la contestation, il est possible que celle-ci reprenne. Dans un numéro sur le Maghreb, il va de soi que les relations avec la France y ont toute leur place, d’autant plus qu’elles sont ô combien plus intenses et étroites qu’elles ne l’étaient pendant la colonisation.
Quelle protection de l’enfance en Côte d’Ivoire ?
Authors: Ballet Jérôme , Delpy Léo , Doffou Pulcherie , Konan Arsène , Konan Michel , Kanoté Francis , Kouassi Joël , Kouamé Séverin Yao , Olié Louis 
Published: March 2021

Depuis quelques années une évaluation des violences faites aux enfants a été lancée par les Centers for Disease Control and Prevention en collaboration avec l’UNICEF dans de nombreux pays en développement. Au-delà des chiffres, ce sont les politiques de protection de l’enfance qu’il faut interroger. Sur la base d’une enquête qualitative auprès d’acteurs de la protection de l’enfance, cet article examine l’élaboration d’une telle politique et ses limites en Côte d’Ivoire. Nos résultats montrent que le relais par les communautés locales pose de sérieuses questions et que le clivage entre zones urbaines et zones rurales est en cours de construction. Classification JEL : I38
Les stratégies des gouvernements locaux face aux chocs et aux crises : le rôle des capacités d’anticipation et de la vulnérabilité financière
Authors: Barbera Carmela , Jones Martin , Korac Sanja , Saliterer Iris , Steccolini Ileana 
Published: March 2021

Le présent article s’appuie sur la littérature relative à la résilience financière des gouvernements et sur les données d’une enquête menée auprès de plus de 600 gouvernements locaux en Allemagne, en Italie et au Royaume-Uni, et examine le rôle que jouent les chocs externes, les capacités d’anticipation et les vulnérabilités perçues connexes dans la définition des différentes stratégies de réponse organisationnelle (c’est-à-dire les stratégies qui consistent à « rebondir » par rapport aux stratégies qui consistent à « aller de l’avant ») en temps de crise. Face aux chocs, les vulnérabilités perçues les plus grandes seront surtout associées aux stratégies de rebond, tandis que la présence d’une capacité d’anticipation sera associée aux stratégies consistant à aller de l’avant. Remarques à l’intention des praticiens La présente étude fait apparaître le rôle crucial des vulnérabilités perçues et des capacités d’anticipation des gouvernements locaux qui font face aux chocs et aux crises. Tandis que les réponses organisationnelles consistant à rebondir (comme le repli, l’effet tampon, la réduction des effectifs, les mesures d’austérité) sont fortement liées aux vulnérabilités connexes, la mise en œuvre de stratégies consistant à aller de l’avant (comme la transformation, le repositionnement, la réorientation) dépend principalement des capacités d’anticipation, qui permettent aux organisations de mieux reconnaître les chocs potentiels avant qu’ils ne se produisent. Ce constat souligne l’importance de développer des capacités d’anticipation plus larges au sein des gouvernements locaux, et de les considérer comme un élément clé pour faire face efficacement aux situations difficiles, ainsi que pour construire et entretenir une culture de la résilience financière.
Road Safety Education Courseware: A Study of Satisfaction and Learning Performance among Primary School Students in Malaysia
Authors: Zulkifli Abdul Nasir , Mohamed Nur Fadziana Faisal , Qasim Mustafa Moosa , Abu Bakar Nur Afiqah 
Published: March 2021

<p class="Default">There is a significant increase in road accident statistics in Malaysia and this reflects the culture formed among users related to road safety. In developing a positive road safety culture, road safety education should be introduced from an early age. The effort by the Ministry of Education Malaysia in implementing road safety education in primary schools since 2007 is a wise move towards the formation of that culture. As the road system becomes busier and more complex, children need to be educated with sufficient knowledge and skills to cope with increasingly challenging road situations. This paper introduced the ROSE courseware which incorporates multimedia, AR and VR technologies for the purpose of assisting teachers and students to understand and acquire skills related to road safety. A study was conducted among 30 primary school students in using the ROSE courseware for road safety education. The study provides an insight into the relationship between perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and enjoyment and students’ satisfaction in using the ROSE courseware utilising Pearson correlation and regression analyses. Regression analysis resultsindicate the significant relationships between perceived usefulness and enjoyment and students’ satisfaction in using the ROSE courseware. However, the relationship between perceived ease of use and satisfaction is notsignificant.Using paired sample t-test, this study also looked at the students' learning performance due to the intervention of the ROSE courseware for RSE. The outcomes showed that the mean scoredifference between the pre-test and post-test is significant. By using the ROSE courseware, thestudents gained significantly higher level of road safety knowledge which indicates that the learning performance among the participants has been enhanced through the implementation of the ROSE courseware.</p>
Text Pre-Processing For The Frequently Mentioned Criteria From Online Community Homebuyer Dataset
Authors: Nursal Ahmad Taufik , Omar Mohd Faizal , Mohd Nawi Mohd Nasrun 
Published: March 2021

<p>Due to the competitive Malaysian residential market with a large number of residential projects that offered almost similar features lead to difficulties of residential purchasing among homebuyers. These days, homebuyers are very selective, careful, and required more time in deciding due to the high numbers of abundant, and problem residential projects in Malaysia. As a result, a high number of unsold residential projects were reported. Therefore, understanding homebuyer criteria in a residential purchase is crucially important towards successful Malasia residential projects in the long term. This paper identifies and prioritizing homebuyers criteria in mainland Penang, Malaysia from user-generated data in online property forums. 6000 data was extracted through RapidMiner software. Once data were processes, statistic analysis is used to determined and prioritize the homebuyer's criteria. The classification of criteria is made by the real estate experts. The result of the study provides fresh insight into homebuyers' criteria. The findings should offer developers, government, potential homebuyers, and real estate agents a better understanding of homebuyers criteria in Penang, Malaysia. </p>
Early severity predictors of snakebite envenomation in the southern region of Tunisia
Authors: Chakroun-Walha Olfa , Issaoui Fadhila , Nasri Abdennour , Bradai Haifa , Farroukh Ayman , Karray Rim , Jerbi Mouna , Rekik Noureddine 
Published: March 2021

Objective:
To identify the early predictors of severe envenomation in the southern region of Tunisia.

Methods:
It was a retrospective monocentric study including consecutive patients admitted to the emergency department for snakebite envenomation. Snakebite envenomation was defined by a history of snakebite. Predictors of severe envenomation were determined by univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results:
Our sample consisted of 109 patients aged 30 (20-44) years with a 1.1:1 sex-ratio (56 males and 53 females). During the 24-hour surveillance period, 25 patients developed severe envenomation (22.9%). The in-hospital mortality rate was 4.6% (n=5). The independent predictors of severe snakebite envenomation were leucocyte count over 11 550/mm3 (OR: 18.7, 95% CI: 3.3-107.8), creatine kinase over 155 IU/L (OR: 6.16, 95% CI: 1.1-35.6), and/or tourniquet before arrival to the ED (OR: 32.14, 95% CI: 3.5-295.9).

Conclusions:
This study emphasizes the importance of early evaluation of snakebite envenomation. Further studies are required to approve a severity scale proper to snakebite envenomation in Tunisia.
Manual reduction with traditional small splints for distal radius fracture in older patients
Authors: Wei Li-You , Zhang Hong-Wei , Dong De-Hong , Zuo Jin-Zeng , Li Liang , Wang Guo-Qiang , Chen Hua , Geng Xin , Jiao Cheng , Chen Li-Jun , Guo Hui , Zhang Yu-Long , Rong Lin , Zhang Jing 
Published: March 2021

Objective:
To investigate the effect of manual reduction with traditional small splints fixation for distal radius fractures in older patients in the emergency department.

Methods:
Older patients (aged at least 60 years) with distal radius fractures were enrolled in this study. The patients were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group. The treatment group was treated with manual reduction and small splints fixation. The control group was treated with manual reduction and resin plaster fixation. Before treatment, after reduction, and 3 months after treatment, the palmar tilt angle, ulnar deviation angle, and radial length were recorded. Before treatment and 3 months after treatment, the Cooney wrist joint scores were recorded. The time of fracture healing and related adverse events during the treatment were recorded.

Results:
Before treatment and after reduction, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in palmar tilt angle, ulnar deviation angle, or radial length (P>0.05). Three months after treatment, the palmar tilt angle, ulnar deviation angle, and radial length of the treatment group were better than those of the control group (P<0.05). The Cooney wrist scores of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group three months after the treatment (P<0.05). The time of fracture healing of the treatment group was shorter than that of the control group, but the difference was no statistically significant (P>0.05).

Conclusions:
Compared with resin plaster fixation, traditional small splints fixation for distal radius fractures in older patients have the advantages of less loss of fracture reduction and faster functional recovery. Besides, the method is simple and low cost thus, it needs to be promoted.
Bilateral optic nerve infiltration in tuberculous meningitis
Authors: Thiam-Hou Lim , Mohtar Ibrahim , Hitam Wan Hazabbah Wan , Halim Sanihah Abdul 
Published: March 2021

Rationale:
Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is severe extrapulmonary tuberculosis that can cause poor outcomes without timely treatment. We report a case of presumed TBM that presented solely ocular complaints without other neurological features.

Patient's concerns:
A 71-year-old man presented with a sudden central visual defect in both eyes for 10 days. Fundoscopy showed bilateral hyperaemic swelling disc with infiltrates.

Diagnosis:
A diagnosis of presumptive TBM was made with Mantoux test reading 15 mm, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, subdural effusion on CT scan, and high opening pressure.

Intervention:
Anti-tuberculous treatment.

Outcomes:
Bilateral vision improved and optic discs swelling resolved.

Lessons:
Early recognition of TBM with optic nerve infiltration is crucial for prompt treatment that may lead to a good prognosis. Neuroimaging will facilitate the diagnosis when other investigations show a borderline result.
Evaluation of Sleep Training Effectiveness on the Quality of Sleep in Cancer Patients during Chemotherapy
Authors: Alem Leila , Ansari Hourieh , Hajigholami Ali 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Sleep disorder is one of the most common problems in cancer patients involved in chemotherapy stages, which is caused by the side effects of anticancer drugs and the exacerbation of mental disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of sleep health education on sleep quality of cancer patients during chemotherapy stages.

Materials and Methods:
In this clinical trial, 70 cancer patients were selected in the chemotherapy phase and divided into two groups of 35. In the intervention group, two 60-min training sessions on sleep hygiene were educated, solutions of coping with the exacerbation of sleep disturbances were determined, and routine care was provided in the control group. Patients were evaluated for sleep disorders before and 1 and 3 weeks after the intervention by the Pittsburgh questionnaire and then the effect of this intervention compared between the two groups.

Results:
The mean score of sleep medication consumption in the intervention group was not significantly different between the three times (P = 0.59), but the mean score of total sleep quality disorder and its other dimensions was significantly different between the three time points (P < 0.05). Least significant difference post hoc test showed that the mean total score of sleep quality disorder and its dimensions except using sleep medication 1 week after the intervention was significantly less than before the intervention and 3 weeks after the intervention <1 week after the intervention in the intervention group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Sleep health education for cancer patients involved in chemotherapy can significantly have a positive effect on improving their sleep quality.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Towards Infection Control Among Dental Undergraduate Students-A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Girotra Charu , Acharya Siddharth , Shetty Omkar , Savla Siddhi , Punjani Mahinoor , Shah Tanmik 
Published: March 2021

Introduction:
Health-care personnel are always susceptible to infectious diseases if inadequate infection control measures are undertaken. In a dental setup, transmission occurs through air, blood, saliva droplets, or improper sterilization of instruments. Despite various standardized protocols in infection control, dental undergraduate students fail to obey the same.

Aims:
We aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding infection control among dental undergraduate students of Mumbai.

Methods:
A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study comprising a 13-point close-ended, self-administered questionnaire was prepared and distributed among interns, final-year dental students, and 3rd-year dental students across six dental colleges. The questions were divided into three categories: knowledge, attitude, and practice. The responses were used for data collection and accordingly results were made. The analysis was done using IBM SPSS Statistics version 22. The statistical significance was considered atP≤ 0.05.

Results:
A total of 851 undergraduate students were assessed for knowledge, attitude, and practice toward infection control. Only 40% of the interns, 40% of the final-year students, and 42% of the 3rd-year students had precise knowledge about infection control measures. Twenty-four percent of the interns, 27% of the final-year students, and 25% of the 3rd-year students showed accurate attitude for infection control. Finally, 41% of the interns, 44% of the final-year students, and 39% of the 3rd-year students inculcated right practice in controlling infection.

Conclusion:
Infection control is essential to reduce the risk of occupational infection to the practitioner and the auxiliary staff. Dental schools should give more emphasis on infection control protocols.
Assessment of the Correlation between the Perceived, Desired, and Normatively Determined Orthodontic Treatment Needs in a Rural Population of India
Authors: Rekhi Amit , Singh Jyoti , Dadu Mohit , Singh Shreya , Rai Archana , Rai Vineet 
Published: March 2021

Background:
The perception about what constitutes a pleasing smile varies from person to person. The problem of crooked teeth may not be perceived as an actual need for treatment by some, and may differ not only on an individual basis, but also from a geographic perspective.

Aim:
The aim of the study was to assess if orthodontic treatment needs correlated with the actual self-perception and desire for orthodontic treatment in a rural population and was there an influence of gender and age.

Materials and Methods:
The study population included 495 older adolescents and younger adults between the age group of 16–24 years, randomly selected from villages in Dehradun. They were asked about their desire for orthodontic treatment and evaluated through the esthetic component of Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN-AC) and the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Bivariate analyses using the Chi-square test were performed (SPSS software [version 17.0]) to test the influence of age and gender on desired, perceived, and normative needs. Associations between the different needs were tested using both simple and multiple logistic regression analysis.P< 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Results:
Approximately 48.1% of the study population showed a desire for orthodontic treatment for their teeth. For perceived needs assessed through IOTN-AC, 11.91% indicated a definite need for orthodontic treatment. The DAI scores estimated the normative treatment needs with 25.86% indicating a mandatory need for orthodontic treatment. Gender and age differences influenced desired need (P = 0.017;P= 0.014) but had no relation with perceived (P = 0.269;P= 0.058) or normatively determined orthodontic treatment needs (P = 0.093;P= 0.087).

Conclusion:
Statistically significant association was observed between the normative needs and desire for orthodontic treatment. Gender and age differences influenced desired needs only.
Knowledge, Opinion, Values, and Practice of Sealant Use Among Dental Practitioners in Bangalore City
Authors: Mohammed Imran Pasha , Jaleel Bushra Naaz Fathima , Amarah Umme , Hiremath S. S. , Manjunath C. , Krishnamoorthy Archana 
Published: March 2021

Introduction:
Recent Cochrane review has recommended sealants in preventing occlusal caries in children and adolescents but its use in clinical practice is still underutilized all over the world.

Aim:
The aim was to assess knowledge, opinion, values, and practice among dental practitioners in Bangalore city.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted with a convenience sampling of 312 general dental practitioners (GDP) in Bangalore city. The data was collected using an anonymous, self-reporting 5-point Likert-scaled questionnaire by Martin et al., and analyzed using SPSS version 21 and ANOVA and t-test was utilized for analyzing the resultsP< 0.05 was regarded as significant.

Results:
Effectiveness of fissure sealants is supported by strong scientific evidence and also as a restorative material, 76% of the GDP agreed and 86.9% thought that it is difficult to justify the cost of sealants to parents. 62.2% valued that fissure sealants are used less than they should have been. Most of them had a positive attitude toward sealant application.

Conclusion:
Dental practitioners knowledge of pit and fissure sealant is high and attitude is also positive but when comes to practice it has been underutilized.
Awareness of Smokeless Tobacco Among Professionals with Sedentary Lifestyles- A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Malhotra Shitanshu , Singh Pallavi , Dubey Himangi , Mishra Gaurav , Agarwal Neha 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Smokeless tobacco is tobacco orally consumed and not burned. Smokeless tobacco is associated with substantial risks of oral cancer. Smokeless tobacco is the cheapest and very commonly used tobacco product in India. It is highly addictive, is high in carcinogens, and causes a broad spectrum of diseases; yet awareness about its ill effects is low.

Aim:
The aim is to provide descriptive information on the awareness of smokeless tobacco among software professionals with sedentary lifestyles in Lucknow city, Uttar Pradesh.

Subjects and Methods:
A descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted. The sampling technique adopted for this study was the two-staged simple random sampling. The first stage consisted of division of city, and then selection of samples was done randomly in the second stage. After giving consent to participate in the study, the final study population was 500 professionals (320 males and 180 females). The 23-item self-administered structured questionnaire with closed-ended questions was formulated. Chi-square test was used to compare the categorical data. Analysis was performed on Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software SPSS, ver. 20.0; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA.

Results:
The prevalence of smokeless users among professional was 28.4%. The knowledge of awareness about ingredients (P = 0.016) and harmful effects (P = 0.038) of smokeless tobacco was significantly (P < 0.05) higher among users as compared to nonusers. In contrast, the knowledge about harmful types (betel quid, pan masala with tobacco, pan masala without tobacco, and all these) was higher in nonusers than users (P = 0.021). Conversely, users are significantly more familiar with counseling techniques for quitting tobacco than nonusers (P = 0.017).

Conclusion:
Most of the software professionals continued the habit of chewing in spite of good knowledge about the hazards of smokeless tobacco. The prevalence of smokeless tobacco users among professionals was 28.4%. Higher prevalence of pan masala with tobacco among professionals was demonstrated by this study, which is not a good sign for the future toward tobacco control.