bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in cetacean research in the Eastern North Atlantic
Authors: Cartagena‐Matos Bárbara , Lugué Klervi , Fonseca Paulo , Marques Tiago A. , Prieto Rui , Alves Filipe 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Cetaceans are considered ecosystem engineers and useful bioindicators of the health of marine environments. The Eastern North Atlantic is an area of great geographical and oceanographic complexity that favours ecosystem richness and, consequently, cetacean occurrence. Although this occurrence has led to relevant scientific research on this taxon, information on the composition of this research has not been assessed.

We aimed to describe and quantify the evolution of research on cetaceans in the Eastern North Atlantic, highlighting the main focal areas and trends.

We considered 380 peer‐reviewed publications between 1900 and 2018. For each paper, we collected publication year, research topics and regions, and species studied. We assessed differences among regions with distinct socio‐economic landscapes, and between coastal and oceanic habitats. To evaluate the changes in scientific production over time, we fitted a General Additive Model to the time series of numbers of papers.

Although research in this region has been increasing, the results show relatively little research output in North African and coastal regions within the study area. Moreover, except for four studies, research was restricted to a few miles around the coast of the main islands, leaving offshore regions less well surveyed. There was little research on genetics, acoustics, and behaviour. Most papers were focused on the Azores and Canary Islands, and mostly involved Tursiops truncatus, Delphinus delphis, and Physeter macrocephalus. Species considered Endangered or Near Threatened were the subjects of only 10% of the studies.

We suggest a greater research focus on beaked whales (Ziphiidae) in Macaronesia, as well as collaborative efforts between research teams in the region, by sharing data sets, and aiming to produce long‐term research. Moreover, a Delphi method approach, based on questionnaires answered by experts, could be attempted to identify priority research for cetaceans in these areas.
Beyond Silence: Toward an Eschatology of Praise
Authors: Troutner Timothy 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this article, I identify and attempt to resolve a tension running through the Christian tradition concerning the eschatological fate of language, a tension between “eschatologies of silence” and “eschatologies of praise.” Drawing on the apophatic tradition, “eschatologies of silence” argue that language cannot persist into beatitude without introducing absence or lack and will pass away into silent union. Meanwhile, “eschatologies of praise” depict the heavenly liturgy as doxology, the maximal profusion of speech. This tension between the persistence and abolition of speech raises a pressing theological problem, exacerbated by the postmodern linguistic turn. For postmodernity highlights language’s constitutive, and thus unsurpassable, role in the human condition, yet problematizes language’s compatibility with eschatological presence due to its susceptibility to endless deferral. I resolve the tension in favor of an “eschatology of praise” by showing that the logic of doxological speech is compatible with union with divine infinity, especially when epektasis is incorporated into eschatology. Against “eschatologies of silence” like those of Paul Griffiths and Denys Turner, I argue that eschatological suppression of language is equivalent to the rejection of creaturely finitude. Language is never abolished but plays a constitutive role in an eschatological encounter without any shadow of lack.
Diagnostic accuracy of Aspergillus‐specific antibodies for chronic pulmonary aspergillosis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Anan Keisuke , Kataoka Yuki , Okabayashi Shinji , Yamamoto Ryohei , Namkoong Ho , Yamamoto Yosuke 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe performed this study to provide the latest evidence of the diagnostic accuracy of all Aspergillus antibodies for chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA). In this meta‐analysis, we searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, Embase, and other databases, until 19 March 2020, for studies that examined the diagnostic accuracy of each Aspergillus‐specific antibody for CPA and assessed the risk of bias using the revised Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies‐2 tool. We integrated the results using a hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic (HSROC) model and calculated the point estimates of specificity with sensitivity fixed at 0.90 using the HSROC curve. We identified 32 published and one unpublished studies, including 75 studies on five antibody test types: 18 of precipitin test (2810 participants), 46 of IgG (8197), three of IgA (283), six of IgM (733) and two of combined IgG and IgM (IgG + IgM) (920). The results of specificity with sensitivity fixed at 0.90 were as follows: precipitin test, 0.93 (95% credible intervals: 0.86, 1.00); IgG, 0.90 (0.86, 0.95); IgA, 0.74 (0.00, 1.00); IgM, 0.50 (0.37, 0.53); IgG + IgM, 0.47 (0.00, 1.00). However, the precipitin test showed imprecision and instability in the sensitivity analysis. Most studies had a high risk of bias due to the case‐control design. Although there is lack of applicability for malignancy or immunosuppressive patients, our study suggests a preference for IgG over other antibody tests in CPA screening. Particularly, IgG should be used as an adjunct when ruling out CPA.
A systematic review of imaging studies of human brown adipose tissue
Authors: Santhanam Prasanna , Rowe Steven P. , Solnes Lilja B. , Quainoo Brittany , Ahima Rexford S. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBrown adipose tissue (BAT) is involved in energy dissipation and has been linked to weight loss, insulin sensitivity, and reduced risk of atherosclerotic disease. BAT is found most often in the supraclavicular region, as well as mediastinal and paravertebral areas, and it is predominantly seen in young persons. BAT is activated by cold temperature and the sympathetic nervous system. In humans, BAT was initially detected via 2‐deoxy‐2‐[18F]fluoro‐d‐glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), a high‐resolution molecular imaging modality used to identify and stage malignancies. Recent studies have shown that BAT can be localized using conventional imaging modalities, such as CT or magnetic resonance imaging, as well as radiotracers used for single‐photon emission CT. In this systematic review, we have summarized the evidence for BAT detection in humans using various imaging techniques.
Does the Left Spend More? An Econometric Survey of Partisan Politics*
Authors: Magkonis Georgios , Zekente Kalliopi‐Maria , Logothetis Vasilios 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study provides a quantitative review of the empirical literature on partisan politics. Given the voluminous work on this subject, we focus on the relationship between government ideology and public spending. By exploiting a dataset of 800 estimates from papers published between 1992 and 2018, we find no evidence of publication bias. Taking into account the differences in the various categories of spending, proxies of ideologies, estimations methods, as well as, data and publication characteristics, we find evidence of a small positive and significant effect.
Modified forms of Tscherning ellipses
Authors: Atchison David A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThird‐order equations are well known for determining sagittal and tangential powers of a thin lens, corresponding to an eye rotating behind a lens to view objects away from the optical axis of the lens. These equations are referenced to the back surface of the lens and do not take into account the peripheral thickness of the lens. They do not give the same results as finite raytracing at small angles in which powers are referenced to the vertex sphere, which is the same distance from the centre‐of‐rotation for all object angles. Modified forms of the third‐order sagittal and tangential image vergence error equations are developed to overcome the discrepancies. These are used to determine Tscherning ellipses for zero oblique astigmatism and zero mean oblique power error. While solutions to oblique astigmatism are not affected by the modifications, there are considerable changes to mean oblique error solutions.
Single‐dose oral challenges to validate eliciting doses in children with cow’s milk allergy
Authors: Turner Paul J. , d'Art Yvonne M. , Duca Bettina , Chastell Sophia A. , Marco‐Martin Guadalupe , Vera‐Berrios Rosialzira N. , Alvarez Olaya , Bazire Raphaëlle , Rodríguez del Río Pablo , Vazquez‐Ortiz Marta , Baumert Joseph L. , van Ree Ronald , Mills Clare E. N. , Fernandez‐Rivas Montserrat , Hourihane Jonathan O'B. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere is increasing interest in the use of eliciting doses (EDs) to inform allergen risk management. The ED can be estimated from the distribution of threshold doses for allergic subjects undergoing food challenges within a specified population. Estimated ED05 values for cow's milk (the dose expected to cause objective allergic symptoms in 5% of the milk‐allergic population) range from 0.5 mg to 13.9 mg cow's milk protein. We undertook a single‐dose challenge study to validate a predicted ED05 for cow's milk of 0.5 mg protein.MethodsParticipants were recruited from 4 clinical centres. Predetermined criteria were used to identify patients reacting to 0.5 mg cow's milk protein (approximately 0.015 mL of fresh cow's milk). Children over 1 year underwent formal challenge to cow's milk to confirm clinical reactivity.Results172 children (median age 6.0 (IQR 0.7‐11) years, 57% male) were included in this analysis. Twelve (7.0%, 95% CI 3.7%‐11.9%) children experienced objective symptoms that met the predetermined criteria. One participant had mild anaphylaxis that responded to a single dose of adrenaline, the remainder experienced only mild symptoms with no treatment required. We did not identify any baseline predictors of sensitization that were associated with objective reactivity to the single‐dose challenge using 0.5 mg cow's milk protein.ConclusionsThese data support an estimated ED05 for cow's milk of 0.5 mg protein. Values for ED05 above 0.5 mg for cow's milk protein proposed for allergen risk management need to be reviewed.
Self‐Authorship and the Claim Against Interference
Authors: Davis Ryan W. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe can imagine agents who would have the moral status to demand contractualist justification but still lack an especially strong claim against interference. In contrast, agents who can conceive of their lives in a temporally unified way have a distinctive, strong interest in non‐interference. This contrast helps illuminate the moral importance of self‐authorship. The upshot is that ordinary persons have a more general and less variable right against interference than is often supposed. Self‐authorship can also help appreciate the sense in which the value of persons may be characterized as ‘self‐existent’.
Genome‐wide association study of soybean (Glycine Max) phosphorus deficiency tolerance during the seedling stage
Authors: Chao Shengqian , Du Wenkai , Lu Tian , Yang Yuming , Wang Kaiqiang , Du Haiping , Cheng Hao , Yu Deyue 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPhosphorus (P) is essential for plant growth, especially for soybean. P deficiency results in a severe decline of soybean productivity worldwide. Biomass is an important index to measure the tolerance of plants to low P. In this study, SNPs significantly associated with four P deficiency tolerance‐related traits were identified by genome‐wide association study (GWAS) using a natural population comprised of 272 soybean accessions from a wide geographic range and a high‐density NJAU 355K SoySNP array. As a result, four SNPs associated with RPDW (ratio of root dry weight under normal P condition and low P condition) with similar positions on chromosome 18 were identified and explained 24.71% to 30.89% of the phenotypic variation. One of these SNPs was identified in two environments and with two traits. Two genes were chosen as candidate genes responding to low P stress, one of which was annotated as a copper transporter and the other was annotated as a lipid transfer protein. In brief, these findings will be helpful for improving P efficiency and the marker‐assisted selection breeding in soybean.
Job satisfaction among physicians providing health care to the elderly in Japan: a qualitative study
Authors: Saif‐Ur‐Rahman KM , Onishi Joji , Mamun Razib , Suenaga Haruki , Chiang Chifa , Hirakawa Yoshihisa 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundPhysicians' job satisfaction plays an important role in service delivery. Japan is a country with a higher number of elderly people and their medical care is a crucial issue. To date, no study has been conducted on the job satisfaction of geriatricians serving the elderly in Japan. This study aims to explore the job satisfaction and motivation of physicians providing health care to the elderly working at different hospitals in Japan.MethodsIn‐depth interview of 23 geriatric physicians was conducted and data were coded and analysed. Qualitative content analysis was conducted to identify the response themes.ResultsThree major themes emerged from the analysis and they are: satisfaction as a primary care provider, career development, and suitable communication with patients. Geriatric physicians enjoy their work with inter‐professional collaboration and are satisfied to provide primary health care to elderly people. Geriatrics is a very promising career to them and they enjoy the communication and empathetic doctor‐patient relationship in their service.ConclusionsJapanese physicians providing health care to the elderly are enjoying their work due to a suitable environment, multi‐professional collaboration, work‐life balance, and patient‐doctor relationship.
Elucidating stratovolcano construction from volcaniclastic mass‐flow deposits: The medial ring‐plain of Taranaki Volcano, New Zealand
Authors: Zemeny Aliz , Procter Jonathan , Németh Károly , Zellmer Georg F. , Zernack Anke V. , Cronin Shane J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLong‐lived stratovolcanoes display a thick volcanic apron surrounding the edifice. This sedimentary succession incorporates the majority of the deposits from both growth and destruction phases of a volcanic massif. The ring plain of Taranaki Volcano (>200 ka) is composed of volcaniclastic mass‐flow deposits that are exceptionally well‐exposed along its coastal‐cliff shoreline, at 20 to 30 km distance from the edifice. Overall, the volcaniclastic deposits in the southern and south‐western sector record three growth phases (65 to 34 ka) which can be investigated due to access and stratigraphic control of the ring‐plain section. Each cyclic growth phase is represented by a sequence of mass‐flow deposits. Lithostratigraphic units or repeated packages with similar properties were identified in order to understand the depositional sequences. The mass‐flow units within these growth phases can be described by three criteria subdivided into nine distinct sedimentological textural types (for example, massive, graded, etc.), five different lithological types (for example, lithic‐dominated, polylithological, etc.) and three main physiographic facies types (sheet, overbank and channel). The mass‐flow deposits can then be further categorized through a classification scheme by assigning these three criteria. Widely distributed lithic‐dominated hyperconcentrated‐flow deposits were recognized, which are thought to be directly or indirectly associated with eruption‐fed events (remobilized from 'block and ash' flows) providing evidence for eruptive activity occurring on a 4 to 10 kyr cycle. Therefore, this study proposes classification criteria for mass‐flow deposits in volcanic ring‐plains using a developed three‐part coding system. The study also aims to clarify the order of sedimentary and volcanic events by establishing a stratigraphic model for the investigated time‐period offering a better understanding for future research.
Live free and die: Expanding the terror management health model for pandemics to account for psychological reactance
Authors: Dimoff John D. , Dao Angela N. , Mitchell Jodie , Olson Alexandra 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAccording to the terror management health model (TMHM), life‐threatening health conditions have the potential to make people think about death, which triggers anxiety and motivates people to engage in defensive behaviors that may or may not facilitate health. This model has been used to explain health‐defeating reactions to the COVID‐19 pandemic (e.g., intentional nonadherence to mitigation guidelines) and to inform recommendations for current and future public health campaigns. Unfortunately, these recommendations do not account for psychological reactance, an aversive motivational state known to undermine persuasive messages. For this reason, we argue that the TMHM for pandemics is incomplete in its current form and should be expanded to account for reactance processes. We also highlight two reactance‐reducing strategies (inoculation messages and restoration postscripts) that could potentially increase the efficacy of the public health messages proposed by the TMHM for pandemics. We conclude with a discussion of how psychological reactance theory can augment the TMHM more broadly. Overall, we hope to illustrate both the utility and feasibility of considering more than one theoretical approach when designing empirically supported public health messages.
Organic fertilizer enhances rice growth in severe saline–alkali soil by increasing soil bacterial diversity
Authors: Zhang Zhengkun , Liu Hong , Liu Xiaoxiao , Chen Yong , Lu Yang , Shen Minchong , Dang Keke , Zhao Yu , Dong Yuanhua , Li Qiyun , Li Jiangang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe northeast region of China is an important grain‐growing area. However, severe soil salinization in the region impairs plant production. In the present study, organic fertilizer application (composted poultry manure) was evaluated as a potential strategy for remediating saline–alkali soil and promoting rice growth. Following continuous organic fertilizer application for 4 years, the contents of basic cations, including sodium (Na+) and chlorine cations (Cl−), decreased significantly (p < .05) (soil Na + decreased from 24.3 mg kg−1to 21.8 mg kg−1and soil Cl‐decreased from 570.4 mg kg−1to 38.5 mg kg−1), while soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), available nitrogen (AN) and available potassium (AK) were markedly increased (especially for soil AK, which increased from 85.8 mg kg−1to 141.7 mg kg−1) compared to the treatment without organic fertilizer application. In addition, the relative abundance of plant growth‐promoting bacteria such asThiobacillius, Methylobacter, Rhodoferax, LysobacterandFlavobacteriumincreased significantly, whereas halophilic genera (Nitriliruptor, Mongoliicoccus, Litoribacter, HalomonasandAliidiomarina) decreased markedly. Bacterial diversity also increased significantly, with data analysis suggesting that such shifts translated into more abundant plant‐growth‐related gene functions. According to structural equation modelling results, soil bacterial diversity was a key factor driving the maintenance of healthy plant growth in saline–alkali soil. These results suggested that organic fertilizers could improve the physicochemical properties of saline–alkali soil by altering interactions between rice plants and bacteria, for example, via the recruitment of specific beneficial microbial communities to increase their salinity–alkali stress tolerance, and, in turn, promote their growth.
Trajectory similarity measurement: An enhanced maximal travel match method
Authors: Karami Fahime , Malek Mohammad Reza 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTrajectory similarity measurement is a vital and widely used step in many applications, including recommendation systems. In the discipline of similarity measurement, research has mostly been focused on raw trajectories, consisting of location and time‐stamp information. Due to the explosion in the use of the internet and location‐based social networks, raw trajectories can be easily enriched with semantic information. Nevertheless, few attempts have been made to apply semantic and location information during similarity measurement. In light of this, we present a new similarity measure called the enhanced maximal travel match (EMTM) in this article. The proposed EMTM improves on conventional maximal travel match (MTM) methods by simultaneously considering the location and place category as the most basic semantic information. EMTM first generates a new place category‐location hierarchical framework (CLHF) for each trajectory. Subsequently, it identifies MTMs at each layer of hierarchy to explore the similarity between each pair of CLHFs. Finally, the proposed method calculates similarity scores based on the identified MTMs. In experiments on a Foursquare data set, EMTM outperformed the conventional MTM methods by more than 50% in terms of mean average precision. Additionally, EMTM was the most accurate technique among four state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Magnetic resonance imaging findings and clinical management of suspected intracranial hypovolemia after transfrontal craniotomy in a dog
Authors: Cloquell Ana , Kaczmarska Adriana , Gutierrez‐Quintana Rodrigo , José‐López Roberto 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo report the diagnosis and clinical management of a case of suspected intracranial hypovolemia (IH) in a dog after resection of a large fronto‐olfactory chordoid meningioma.Study designClinical case report.AnimalOne 8‐year‐old border collie with forebrain neurological signs caused by a fronto‐olfactory extra‐axial mass diagnosed by using MRI.MethodsThe dog underwent bilateral transfrontal craniotomy for excision of the mass by using ultrasonic aspiration. Immediate postsurgical MRI revealed complete gross resection with no evidence of early‐onset complications such as edema, hemorrhage, mass effect, or pneumoencephalus. However, diffuse symmetric meningeal thickening and contrast enhancement were noted. No complications were noted during surgery or while under anesthesia.ResultsNeurological deterioration was observed postoperatively. No abnormalities were detected systemically. Thus, early MRI‐confirmed findings and neurological deterioration were suspected to be caused by IH. Conservative treatment consisting of bed rest, gabapentin, and intravenous theophylline was then initiated in addition to steroids, antiepileptic drugs, and antibiotics. A gradual neurological improvement was observed, and the dog was discharged completely ambulatory with moderate proprioceptive ataxia 15 days after surgery.ConclusionThe clinical and MRI‐confirmed findings reported here are consistent with IH, a well‐described syndrome in man. This is the first report of a dog with MRI‐confirmed findings consistent with IH describing subsequent response to medical management.Clinical significanceIntracranial hypovolemia after craniotomy should be considered when there is neurological deterioration and characteristic MRI‐confirmed findings.