bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study between Laparoscopic and Open Cholecystectomy: Complications and Management
Authors: Islam Md Rafiqul , Ali Md Showkat , Azam SM Golam , Islam Md Ridwanul 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is currently the most widely used surgical procedure for the treatment of gallstones. The aim of the study was to analyze and compare the postoperative results of patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy or open cholecystectomy (OC) with regard to complications, recovery time and hospital stays.
Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study which was conducted at the General Hospital Khulna and some of the private Hospital in Khulna City from January 2015 to December 2019. This study which analyzed among 950 patients, 20-65 years old, diagnosed with gallstones undergoing LC or OC. We evaluated postoperative respiratory complications, surgical site infection, deep vein thrombosis, time to oral feeding and ambulation, use of antibiotics and duration of the postoperative period.
Results: We analyzed 570(60%) patients undergoing LC and 380 (40%) OC. Most patients were female (55%). Patients' comorbidities were hypertension (12.8%), diabetes mellitus (4.5%) and asthma (1.00%). LC resulted in lower prevalence of postoperative complications (2.8%) than OC (3.4%). Postoperative hospitalization for 2-3 days was found in LC patients and 5-7 days in OC.
Conclusion: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy showed higher benefits for patients with lower prevalence of postoperative complications, feeding earlier and shorter mean hospital stay compared with open cholecystectomy.
Medicine Today 2021 Vol.33(1): 19-21
Causes of Hoarseness of Voice Based on Fiber Optic Laryngoscopy (FOL): Our Experiences in ENT OPD of a Peripheral Military Hospital
Authors: Sumon Mohammad Misbah Al Kabir , Rahman Abu Hasanat Md Habibur , Afsana Sultana Dil , Hossain Md Belal 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: This study was aimed to determine the common causes of hoarseness of voice in ENT OPD of a military hospital.
Materials and Methods: This was an observational study carried out on 93 patients presented with hoarseness of voice in ENT OPD CMH Momenshahi, a peripheral military hospital, for a period of 2 years, from 1st April 2017 to 30th April 2019. Only Fiber Optic Laryngoscopy (FOL) findings were evaluated to diagnose the causes of hoarseness. Data were obtained from FOL findings documentation register. All data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25.0. Patients consent was taken.
Results: Total 93 cases were studied irrespective of age and sex. Among them 34 (36.60%) were males and 59 (63.40%) were females. Commonly affected age group was 21-30 years. With a mean age of 33.34 years. Majority of the cases were housewife 44 (44.10%). The most common cause of hoarseness was Chronic Laryngitis 25 (26.9%). The other causes were vocal polyp 17 (18.30%), VC nodule 13 (14%), Incomplete Glottal closure 14 (18.30%), leukoplakia of VC 5 (5.40%) and Vocal cord palsy 3 (3.20%). Normal findings were found in 11 (11.80%) cases.
Conclusion: Hoarseness is a common symptom of laryngeal dysfunction. Military personnel are frequently affected like general population. Common causes are almost same with a very few variations. FOL should be the basic tool to diagnose the causes of hoarseness.
Medicine Today 2021 Vol.33(1): 34-37
Biochemical Features of Type 2 Diabetics in Kushtia District, Bangladesh
Authors: Reza Hasan Mahfuz , Karim Md Rezaul , Samad Md Abdus 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Biochemical analysis or laboratory tests assist to determine what happening to the body internally. The aim of the present study was to access the biochemical features of type 2 diabetic patients in Kushtia district, Bangladesh.
Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who presented to the OPD in three referral diabetic centers in Kushtia district, Bangladesh from August 2016 to July 2017. A total of 282 patients were included in the study. The collected data were checked, entered and analyzed using the computer program Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.
Results: Biochemical study showed that mean blood hemoglobin level was 12.49±1.47g/dl, mean fasting blood glucose level of the patients was 8.86±1.67mmol/L and blood glucose level two hours after breakfast was 13.94±2.88mmol/L. The study showed that the patient having abnormal level of triglyceride (66%) were higher than normal level (34%).
Conclusion: The subjects had higher triglyceride and LDL values (65.6% and 28.7% respectively). These higher percentages with abnormal lipid profile are likely to be more prone to cardiovascular diseases.
Medicine Today 2021 Vol.33(1): 71-74
Accuracy of Clinical Diagnosis of Burst Appendix, a Study of 200 Cases in DMCH.
Authors: Shah Md Rezwan , Worthy Tasnia Jukhrif , Alam Mohammed Asraful , Kaur Gursharan 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Biochemical analysis or laboratory tests assist to determine what happening to the body internally. The aim of the present study was to access the biochemical features of type 2 diabetic patients in Kushtia district, Bangladesh.
Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who presented to the OPD in three referral diabetic centers in Kushtia district, Bangladesh from August 2016 to July 2017. A total of 282 patients were included in the study. The collected data were checked, entered and analyzed using the computer program Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.
Results: Biochemical study showed that mean blood hemoglobin level was 12.49±1.47g/dl, mean fasting blood glucose level of the patients was 8.86±1.67mmol/L and blood glucose level two hours after breakfast was 13.94±2.88mmol/L. The study showed that the patient having abnormal level of triglyceride (66%) were higher than normal level (34%).
Conclusion: The subjects had higher triglyceride and LDL values (65.6% and 28.7% respectively). These higher percentages with abnormal lipid profile are likely to be more prone to cardiovascular diseases.
Medicine Today 2021 Vol.33(1): 75-79
Detection of brucellosis in cattle and evaluation of risk factors associated with the disease in workers slaughterhouse
Authors: Alves Thaise Marques , Melo Poliana de Castro , Silva Lilia Marcia Paulin , Carvalho Nathana Kyolla Santos de , Rios Amora Ferreira Menezes , Bartoli Raphaella Barbosa Meirelles , Oliveira Júnior Carlos Augusto de , Santos Henrique  Fernando 
Published: March 2021

Brucellosis is anthropozoonosis caused by Brucella spp. Among the zoonotic species, B. abortus is the main species affecting cattle and can easily be transmitted to humans. The purpose of this study was to investigate, through epidemiological inquiry and serological analysis, animal and human health as related to smooth strain Brucella spp. in a slaughterhouse located in the southern region of the state of Bahia. For this purpose, blood samples were collected from workers and animals at a slaughterhouse together with the State Inspection Service. Then, the Buffered Acidified Plate Antigen test was performed for animals and humans, the Slow Agglutination Test was performed for humans only; and the Complement Fixation Test and the 2-Mercaptoethanol Brucella Agglutination test (2ME) were performed for animals only. In addition, an epidemiological inquiry was applied to workers in order to assess risk factors for the disease. After data analysis, it was concluded that infection by smooth strains of Brucella spp. was detected in 14.0% of the cattle. Additionally, one worker out 41 tested reactive to the disease.
Síndrome de Treacher Collins e alterações fonoaudiológicas: uma revisão narrativa
Authors: Cunha Josiane Aparecida Machado da , Gonçalves Laura Faustino , Mituuti Cláudia Tiemi , Blanco-Dutra Ana Paula , Haas Patrícia 
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: Apresentar evidências científicas com base em revisão narrativa, seguindo o Protocolo PRISMA sobre as alterações auditivas, disfágicas e de linguagem em pacientes com a Síndrome de Treacher Collins. Metodologia: A busca de artigos foi realizada nas bases de dados Lilacs, Pubmed, Science Direct, Scielo e Scopus, não houve restrição de localização e idioma, o período avaliado consistiu entre 2015 a 2020. No processo de seleção dos artigos foi utilizada uma combinação baseada no Medical Subject Heading Terms (MeSH). Foram incluídos na pesquisa quatro estudos que obtiveram pontuação ≥ a 6 pontos segundo o protocolo para pontuação qualitativa proposto por Pithon et al. (2015). Resultados: Os pacientes acometidos pela síndrome de Treacher Collins podem apresentar complicações nas vias aéreas superiores, micrognatia, alterações anatômicas na orelha externa, dentição e articulação temporomandibular. Conclusão: As características sindrômicas da disostose mandibulofacial afetam diretamente a audição, fala, voz, deglutição e respiração dos pacientes, sendo essas particularidades que tornam a atuação fonoaudiológica na equipe multidisciplinar de extrema importância para o prognóstico e manutenção da qualidade de vida dos pacientes acometidos pela síndrome de Treacher Collins.
“OKVision® SMARTFIT™” Customizable Mini-Scleral Lenses Fitting Guide
Authors: Bakalova N. A. 
Published: March 2021

As of today, scleral lenses are the only optical rehabilitation method that provides high visual quality of vision for patients with irregular cornea. This fitting guide is aimed at helping ophthalmologists acquire professional knowledge in the field of fitting scleral lenses and suggest tactics for managing patients with irregular corneas.The workshop outlines indications for prescribing scleral lenses, describes the basic principles of lens parameters calculation and fitting, taking into account the patientspecific parameters of the eyes. In addition, guidelines for acquiring skills in assessing and changing the position of scleral lenses on the patient’s eye, using customization options, daily care, manipulations for inserting on and removing lenses, and further dispensary observation are given.Mastering the basic skills of calculation and fitting customized scleral lenses helps practitioners expand their areas of practice, enhance professional competitiveness and provide patients with high quality vision, even in the most difficult clinical cases.
Genetic variability and heritability in F2 population of Gossypium hirsutum for yield and its components
Authors: Ahsan Muhammad Zahir , Mahmood Hafiz Tariq 
Published: March 2021

The success in most of the breeding program depends upon the variability and heritability of desirable traits, an experiment on genetic variability, heritability, correlation and path coefficient for seed yield and its attributing components was conducted in the F2 population of the cross Lalazar × SLH-33 at cotton research station Sahiwal during Kharif season 2018. The segregating population were evaluated for eleven quantitative traits i.e. Plant height, number of monopodia per plant, number of sympodia per plant, number of bolls per plant, boll weight, number of seeds per boll, seed index, seed cotton yield per plant, Ginning turnout, staple length and micronaire value. A wide range of variability was observed for all these traits. A high value of GCV, Heritability and genetic advance percentage over mean was recorded for number of bolls per plant, number of sympodia per plant, number of seeds per boll and staple length. The traits having high heritability coupled with the moderate to high genetic advance as percentage of mean can be utilized as indirect selection for yield improvement.
Yield and some agronomic parameters of upland cotton as affected by planting dates
Authors: Lashari Waqas Ahmed , Naimatullah Salma , Afzal Hamza 
Published: March 2021

A field experiment was conducted at ICI Research Farm, Multan to evaluate the effect of different sowing dates on plant height, number of monopodia, number of sympodia, number of bolls per plant, boll weight, seed cotton yield kg/ha of two upland cotton varieties (ICI-2121 and ICI-2424) developed by ICI Pakistan Limited, Multan against a standard check variety IUB-2013 during 2019, and 2020 years. These varieties were planted on 1st April, 15th April, 1st May, 15th May, 1st June, and 15th June, at ICI Cotton Research Station, 19-Kasi Vehari Road, Multan. Results revealed that statistically highly significant differences in planting dates were observed for all the parameters studied except number of monopodial branches and boll weight which depicted non-significant differences. Regarding varieties and interaction between varieties and planting times, similar trend of statistical differences was observed. As regards to planting dates, generally, all the parameters under study showed their maximum performance when crop was planted on 1st May followed by 1st April planting date, whereas, minimum performance of the parameters was recorded when the crop was planted on 15th June followed by 1st June. Regarding varietal performance, on an average, maximum plant height (146cm) was observed in ICI-2121 followed by IUB-2013. Same trend of performance of varieties regarding number of monopodia and sympodia per plant was observed. Regarding average number of bolls per plant in different varieties, it was observed that ICI-2121 produced maximum (32 bolls) followed by ICI-2424 (31 bolls) and IUB-2013 (28 bolls) irrespective of planting dates. The same trend of varietal performance regarding boll weight was recorded. When seed cotton yield (kg/ha) was evaluated, on an average of varieties, ICI-2121 produced maximum seed cotton yield (1228 kg/ha) followed by ICI-2424 and IUB-2013 which produced 1147 and 1046 kg/ha seed cotton yield respectively irrespective of planting dates. It was concluded that under agro-climatic conditions of Multan, 1st May planting date was evaluated as optimum cotton sowing time. Before or after 1st May, this study does not recommend growing cotton in this particular zone. Among cotton varieties, ICI-2121 is recommended for sowing under this planting time being producing higher yields.
Multimodal Assessment of Vascular and Ventricular Function in Children and Adults With Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease
Authors: Weismann Constance G. , Ljungberg Sara , Åkesson Anna , Hlebowicz J 
Published: March 2021

Background: Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV), the most common congenital cardiac anomaly, has been associated with an aortopathy, increased aortic stiffness and diastolic dysfunction. The involved mechanisms and impact of age remain unclear. It was the aim of this study to characterize arterial and cardiac function, their correlation, and the effect of age in children and adults with a history of BAV.Methods: Multimodal cardiovascular assessment included echocardiography, ascending aortic distensibility, common carotid intima media thickness [cIMT], parameters of wave reflection [central (cAIx75) and peripheral (pAIx75) augmentation index corrected to a heart rate of 75/min, aging index (AI)], carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity [cfPWV], and endothelial function (EndoPAT). Multivariable linear regression and correlation analyses were performed.Results: We included 47 BAV patients and 84 controls (age 8–65 years). Ascending aortic stiffness, pulse wave reflection (cAIx75, pAIx75, and AI) and central blood pressure were significantly increased in patients with BAV. However, PWV, cIMT, and endothelial function were not significantly different from controls. BAV patients had marginally reduced diastolic (E': β = −1.5, p &lt; 0.001) but not systolic function compared to controls. Overall, all parameters of arterial stiffness had moderate-strong correlations with diastolic dysfunction and age. In the BAV group, ascending aortic distensibility had the strongest correlation with diastolic dysfunction.Conclusions: BAV is associated with increased proximal arterial stiffness and wave reflection. However, PWV and cIMT are not increased, and endothelial function is preserved. This suggests that the mechanism of arterial and cardiac stiffening is different from patients with acquired heart diseases.
Climate Change in Rwanda: The Observed Changes in Daily Maximum and Minimum Surface Air Temperatures during 1961–2014
Authors: Ngarukiyimana Jean Paul , Fu Yunfei , Sindikubwabo Celestin , Nkurunziza Idrissa Fabien , Ogou Faustin Katchele , Vuguziga Floribert , Ogwang Bob Alex , Yang Yuanjian 
Published: March 2021

Rwanda has experienced high temperature rising phenomena over the last decades and hence, highly vulnerable to climate change. This paper examined the spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum and minimum surface air temperature (Tmin and Tmax) and diurnal temperature range (DTR). It studied variables at monthly, seasonal and annual time-scales from 1961 to 2014. The study applied various statistical methods such as ordinary least-square fitting, Mann-Kendall, Sen’ slope and Sequential Mann-Kendall statistical test to the new reconstructed ENACTS dataset that cover the period from 1983 to 2014 while pre-1983s recorded data from 24 meteorological stations have been added to complete the lengthiness of ENACTS data. The January to February season did not show a significant trend at seasonal time-scales. The authors decided only to consider March-to-May, June-to-August and October-to-December seasons for further analyses. Topography impacts on temperature classified stations into three regions: region one (R1) (1,000–1,500 m), region two (R2) (1,500–2,000 m) and region three (R3) (≥2,000 m). With high confidence, the results indicate a significant positive trend in both Tmin and Tmax in all three regions during the whole study period. However, the magnitude rate of temperatures change is different in three regions and it varies in seasonal and annual scale. The spatial distributions of Tmax and Tmin represent a siginificant warming trend over the whole country notably since the early 1980s. Surprisingly, Tmin increased at a faster rate than Tmax in R3 (0.27 vs. 0.07°C/decade in March-to-May) and (0.29 vs. 0.04°C/decade in October-to-December), resulting in a significant decrease in the DTR. This is another confirmation of warming in Rwanda. The mutation test application exhibited most of the abrupt changes in the seasonal and annual Tmax and Tmin trends between 1984 and 1990. The present work mainly focus on the spatial and temporal variability of Tmin, Tmax and DTR in Rwanda and their relationship with elevation change, leaving a gap in other potential cause factors explored in the future.
Systems Biology Guided Gene Enrichment Approaches Improve Prediction of Chronic Post-surgical Pain After Spine Fusion
Authors: Chidambaran Vidya , Pilipenko Valentina , Jegga Anil G. , Geisler Kristie , Martin Lisa J. 
Published: March 2021

ObjectivesIncorporation of genetic factors in psychosocial/perioperative models for predicting chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) is key for personalization of analgesia. However, single variant associations with CPSP have small effect sizes, making polygenic risk assessment important. Unfortunately, pediatric CPSP studies are not sufficiently powered for unbiased genome wide association (GWAS). We previously leveraged systems biology to identify candidate genes associated with CPSP. The goal of this study was to use systems biology prioritized gene enrichment to generate polygenic risk scores (PRS) for improved prediction of CPSP in a prospectively enrolled clinical cohort.MethodsIn a prospectively recruited cohort of 171 adolescents (14.5 ± 1.8 years, 75.4% female) undergoing spine fusion, we collected data about anesthesia/surgical factors, childhood anxiety sensitivity (CASI), acute pain/opioid use, pain outcomes 6–12 months post-surgery and blood (for DNA extraction/genotyping). We previously prioritized candidate genes using computational approaches based on similarity for functional annotations with a literature-derived “training set.” In this study, we tested ranked deciles of 1336 prioritized genes for increased representation of variants associated with CPSP, compared to 10,000 randomly selected control sets. Penalized regression (LASSO) was used to select final variants from enriched variant sets for calculation of PRS. PRS incorporated regression models were compared with previously published non-genetic models for predictive accuracy.ResultsIncidence of CPSP in the prospective cohort was 40.4%. 33,104 case and 252,590 control variants were included for association analyses. The smallest gene set enriched for CPSP had 80/1010 variants associated with CPSP (p &lt; 0.05), significantly higher than in 10,000 randomly selected control sets (p = 0.0004). LASSO selected 20 variants for calculating weighted PRS. Model adjusted for covariates including PRS had AUROC of 0.96 (95% CI: 0.92–0.99) for CPSP prediction, compared to 0.70 (95% CI: 0.59–0.82) for non-genetic model (p &lt; 0.001). Odds ratios and positive regression coefficients for the final model were internally validated using bootstrapping: PRS [OR 1.98 (95% CI: 1.21–3.22); β 0.68 (95% CI: 0.19–0.74)] and CASI [OR 1.33 (95% CI: 1.03–1.72); β 0.29 (0.03–0.38)].DiscussionSystems biology guided PRS improved predictive accuracy of CPSP risk in a pediatric cohort. They have potential to serve as biomarkers to guide risk stratification and tailored prevention. Findings highlight systems biology approaches for deriving PRS for phenotypes in cohorts less amenable to large scale GWAS.
N,Cu-CD-Decorated Mesoporous WO3 for Enhanced Photocatalysis Under UV–Vis–NIR Light Irradiation
Authors: Ni Tianjun , Li Qiansheng , Yan Yunhui , Yang Zhijun , Chang Kaiwen , Liu Guoguang 
Published: March 2021

Research on the design of semiconductor photocatalysts with rapid electron transfer efficiencies and broad-spectrum responses for environmental remediation remains a pressing challenge. Herein, we described the fabrication of a novel broad-spectrum nitrogen and copper codoped carbon dots/mesoporous WO3 nanocomposite (N,Cu-CDs/m-WO3), which exhibited complete UV–vis–NIR spectrum response, light harvesting capabilities, rich oxygen vacancies, rapid electron-transfer ability, low electron–hole (e−/h+) pair recombination rate, and extensive specific surface area. After 2 h of photocatalytic reaction, it showed excellent photoactivities for the degradation of rhodamine B, methylene blue, tetracycline hydrochloride, oxytetracycline, ciprofloxacin, and bisphenol A. Moreover, we found that the conversion between Cu (II) and Cu (I) played a key role in accelerating electron transfer and inhibiting the recombination of e−/h+ pairs. This work provides an efficient strategy for the utilization of solar light and enhancing the charge-transfer capacity in the semiconductor photocatalysis field.