bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling Sarcopenia to Predict Survival for Patients With Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Receiving Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Hua Xin , Li Wang-Zhong , Huang Xin , Wen Wen , Huang Han-Ying , Long Zhi-Qing , Lin Huan-Xin , Yuan Zhong-Yu , Guo Ling 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundThe present study aimed to construct a prognostic nomogram including Epstein-Barr virus DNA (EBV-DNA) and sarcopenia in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).MethodsIn this retrospective analysis, we studied 1,045 patients with NPC who had been treated with CCRT between 2010 and 2014. Sarcopenia was determined using routine pre-radiotherapy computed tomography scans of the third cervical vertebrae. A new S-E grade was constructed using a receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses determined cutoff values of sarcopenia and plasma EBV-DNA. The nomogram was developed base on the sarcopenia-EBV (S-E) grade and traditional prognostic factors. A calibration curve, time-dependent ROC, decision curve analysis, and the concordance index (C-index) determined the accuracy of prediction and discrimination of the nomogram, and were compared with TNM staging system and a traditional nomogram.ResultsPatient survival was significantly different when sarcopenia (P &lt; 0.001) or EBV-DNA (P = 0.001) were used and they continued to be independent prognostic factors for survival upon univariate (P &lt; 0.001, P = 0.002, respectively) and multivariate (P &lt; 0.001, P = 0.015, respectively) analyses. Predicting overall survival (OS) was more accurate using the S-E grade than using TNM staging and sarcopenia or EBV-DNA alone. Nomogram B (model with sarcopenia) or nomogram A (model without sarcopenia) were then developed based on the identified independent prognostic factors. Comparing nomogram prediction with actual observation showed good agreement among the calibration curves for probability of 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS. Predicted survival (C-index = 0.77) of nomogram B was statistically higher than that of nomogram A (0.676, P = 0.020) and TNM staging (0.604, P &lt; 0.001). Risk group stratification could distinguish between survival curves within respective TNM stages (all stages, P &lt; 0.001; stage III, P &lt; 0.001; stage IV, P = 0.002).ConclusionsThe sarcopenia-EBV DNA nomogram allowed more accurate prediction of prognosis for patients with NPC receiving CCRT.
Patients With Short PFS to EGFR-TKIs Predicted Better Response to Subsequent Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Based Immunotherapy in EGFR Common Mutation NSCLC
Authors: Liu Sangtian , Wu Fengying , Li Xuefei , Zhao Chao , Jia Yijun , Jia Keyi , Han Ruoshuang , Qiao Meng , Li Wei , Yu Jia , Zhou Fei , Xiong Anwen , Chen Bin , Fan Jue , Ren Shengxiang , Zhou Caicun 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundDespite disappointing outcomes from immuno-monotherapy, studies reported that NSCLC patients with EGFR mutation may possibly benefit from combined immunotherapy. Whether the response to prior EGFR-TKI has association with the outcomes of subsequent immunotherapy remains unclear.Patients and MethodsAdvanced NSCLC patients with resistance to EGFR-TKIs and received ICI treatment from January 2016 to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Single cell sequencing and flow cytometry were conducted to explore the difference of cell components in tumor microenvironments (TME). A 1:3 matched case–control study was conducted to compare the clinical effects of combined immunotherapy with standard chemotherapy as second-line treatment.ResultsFifty-eight patients treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 based immunotherapy behind EGFR-TKI treatment were enrolled. Correlation analysis showed TKI-PFS had a significantly negative association with corresponding IO-PFS (r = −0.35, p = 0.006). TKI-PFS cutoff 10 months had the most significant predictive function for posterior immunotherapy and was validated to be an independent predictor by uni- and multivariate analyses. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that patients with TKI-PFS less than 10 months had significantly prolonged IO-PFS and higher ORR than those with long (median PFS, 15.1 vs 3.8 months; HR, 0.26, p = 0.0002; ORR, 31.8 versus 10%, p = 0.04). Single cell RNA-seq revealed that the cell components were varied among patients after treatment with EGFR-TKI. Patients with short TKI-PFS demonstrated a relatively higher proportion of CD8 effector cells and lower ratio of M2 like macrophage to M1 like macrophages, which was validated by flow cytometry. Case–control study demonstrated that combined immunotherapy achieved significantly longer PFS (HR, 0.51, 95% CI: 0.31–0.85, p = 0.02), longer OS (HR, 0.48, 95% CI: 0.26–0.89, p = 0.05) and higher ORR (33.3 vs 10.0%, p = 0.02) than traditional chemotherapy for patients with short TKI-PFS.ConclusionPatients with short TKI-PFS conferred better response to immunotherapy than those with long. The status of TME were different among those two populations. Combined ICI treatment could promisingly be a better choice than classical chemotherapy in second-line setting for patients with short TKI-PFS and no T790M mutation. Underlying mechanisms need to be further explored.
COVID-19 in Children With Liver Disease
Authors: Di Giorgio Angelo , Hartleif Steffen , Warner Suzan , Kelly Deirdre 
Published: March 2021

Background: The global pandemic caused by novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 disease (COVID-19) is a major threat to the general population and for patients with pre-existing chronic conditions. We report data concerning SARS-CoV-2 infection in children with chronic liver disease (CLD).Methods: A literature review using the online database PubMed was performed to summarize available findings on the association between pre-existing liver disease and COVID-19 infection in children.Results: Children with COVID-19 have preserved effector and immunosuppressive components resulting in a milder disease compared to adults. The most common hepatic manifestation is an elevation of hepatic transaminases. Liver damage may be directly caused by viral infection of liver cells, by medications or by the chronic hypoxia seen in COVID-19 patients. A multicenter study reported that the majority of children with a CLD remained healthy during the outbreak. Similarly, studies reported that children on immunosuppressive treatment, including patients with autoimmune liver disease (AILD) and liver transplantation (LT), maintained good health during the outbreak without experiencing major complications even if infected with COVID-19.Conclusion: COVID-19-related liver injury presents with a mild elevation of transaminases, although its clinical significance is unclear. Children with CLD, including those with AILD and post-LT, do not have an increased risk for severe disease course of SARS-CoV-2 infection with little or no liver dysfunction. These data highlight the necessity to ensure normal standards of care while adhering to national Covid-19 guidelines, and particularly to maintain immunosuppressive medication to prevent relapse or rejection. Further research is required to evaluate the differences in clinical course between immunosuppressed adults and children and in particular whether asymptomatic infection is a concern.
Shear Wave Elastography Based on Noise Correlation and Time Reversal
Authors: Brum Javier , Benech Nicolás , Gallot Thomas , Negreira Carlos 
Published: March 2021

Shear wave elastography (SWE) relies on the generation and tracking of coherent shear waves to image the tissue's shear elasticity. Recent technological developments have allowed SWE to be implemented in commercial ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging systems, quickly becoming a new imaging modality in medicine and biology. However, coherent shear wave tracking sets a limitation to SWE because it either requires ultrafast frame rates (of up to 20 kHz), or alternatively, a phase-lock synchronization between shear wave-source and imaging device. Moreover, there are many applications where coherent shear wave tracking is not possible because scattered waves from tissue’s inhomogeneities, waves coming from muscular activity, heart beating or external vibrations interfere with the coherent shear wave. To overcome these limitations, several authors developed an alternative approach to extract the shear elasticity of tissues from a complex elastic wavefield. To control the wavefield, this approach relies on the analogy between time reversal and seismic noise cross-correlation. By cross-correlating the elastic field at different positions, which can be interpreted as a time reversal experiment performed in the computer, shear waves are virtually focused on any point of the imaging plane. Then, different independent methods can be used to image the shear elasticity, for example, tracking the coherent shear wave as it focuses, measuring the focus size or simply evaluating the amplitude at the focusing point. The main advantage of this approach is its compatibility with low imaging rates modalities, which has led to innovative developments and new challenges in the field of multi-modality elastography. The goal of this short review is to cover the major developments in wave-physics involving shear elasticity imaging using a complex elastic wavefield and its latest applications including slow imaging rate modalities and passive shear elasticity imaging based on physiological noise correlation.
Exploring Relationships Between Anthropometry, Body Composition, Maturation, and Selection for Competition: A Study in Youth Soccer Players
Authors: Clemente Filipe Manuel , Clark Cain C. T. , Leão César , Silva Ana Filipa , Lima Ricardo , Sarmento Hugo , Figueiredo António J. , Rosemann Thomas , Knechtle Beat 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to analyze variations of selection for competition between late and early mature players and test the relationships between anthropometry, body composition, maturation, and selection for competition.MethodsSeventy-nine youth soccer players from under-11 to under-14 participated in this study, over 6 months. Body composition and maturity offset were estimated based on anthropometric data collected. Participants were also monitored for their number of matches as starters and time of play accrued in minutes.ResultsMinutes played had large correlation coefficients with maturity offset (r = 0.58), and leg length and sitting height interaction (r = 0.56). Multiple linear regression explained 35% of the variation in minutes played (p &lt; 0.001, R2 = 0.41, R2adjusted = 0.35, RMSE = 334.8), but only 12% of the variation in matches as starter (p = 0.04, R2 = 0.21, R2adjusted = 0.12, RMSE = 5.47) between above and below the median of the maturity offset was accounted for, respectively.ConclusionsAlthough maturation may play a role in the minutes of play accrued and matches as starters in young, it is not necessarily determining. A significant amount of the variation in the minutes of play accrued of players can be accounted for when considering body composition and anthropometric data.
István Aranyosi. The Peripheral Mind
Authors: Ziemińska Renata 
Published: March 2021

The Peripheral Mind is a philosophical study defending the hypothesis that the peripheral nervous processes are “constitutive of mental states rather than merely causal contributors to their existence” (xi–xii). Its author, István Aranyosi, is a Romanian / Hungarian philosopher (PhD in 2005) cur- rently working in Ankara, who was granted an award by the American Philosophical Association in 2012. He was encouraged to write this book by David Chalmers.
An Unending Sphere of Relation: Martin Buber’s Conception of Personhood
Authors: Scott Sarah 
Published: March 2021

I reconstruct Buber’s conception of personhood and identify in his work four criteria for personhood—(i) uniqueness, (ii) wholeness, (iii) goodness, and (iv) a drive to relation—and an account of three basic degrees of personhood, stretching, as a kind of “chain of being,” from plants and animals, through humans, to God as the absolute person. I show that Buber’s “new” conception of personhood is rooted in older Neoplatonic notions, such the goodness of all being and the principle of plenitude. While other philosophers have used reason and memory to distinguish persons, I find that Buber instead takes these to be specific to humanity, and I explore Buber’s account of a “fall” from a state of nature into a historical mode, such that our humanity threatens our personhood.
Soft X-ray absorption and emission spectra of nanographene prepared from pentacene with hot mesh deposition and soft X-ray irradiation
Authors: Heya Akira , Niibe Masahito , Kanda Kazuhiro , Yamasaki Ryo , Sumitomo Koji 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The molecular orientation and partial density of states were evaluated using NewSUBARU by soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and soft X-ray emission spectroscopy measurements. The degree of molecular alignment was degraded by increasing mesh temperature in hot mesh deposition (HMD), in other words, was changed from pentacene (Pn) to 6,13-dihydropentacene (DHP). At a mesh temperature of 1450 °C, the different XAS was obtained due to the mixing effect of Pn and DHP, and presence of Pn oligomer. The HMD carbon film transformed into the graphite-like film and the graphene on the quartz substrate and the Ni/quartz substrate after soft X-ray irradiation, respectively. The HMD carbon film after soft X-ray irradiation showed the peaks due to terminal carbon such as CH
n
and COOH in comparison with the reported large graphene sheet. It indicates that the flake size of the graphene on the Ni/quartz substrate was small and had many edges.
APPLICABILITY OF THE TRANSPORT PROBLEM ON THE TIME CRITERION WITH ATOMIC REQUIREMENTS FOR OPTIMIZING THE CONTROL OF COMPUTED RESOURCES IN HETEROGENEOUS DISTRIBUTED INFORMATION PROCESSING SYSTEM
Authors: Онтужева Г.А. 
Published: March 2021

В статье рассматривается возможность применения методов решения транспортной задачи к задаче распределения вычислительных ресурсов в гетерогенных распределенных системах обработки информации. Приведено сравнение эффективности алгоритмов с ранее разработанным алгоритмом наименьшего времени для атомарных заявок.
The paper examines the applicability of methods for solving the transport problem to the problem of distribution of computing resources in heterogeneous distributed information processing systems. A comparison of the efficiency of the algorithms with the previously developed least time algorithm for atomic claims is given.
ADAPTATION OF THE METHOD OF ANALYSIS OF HIERARCHIES FOR THE POSSIBILITY OF CONDUCTING SCENARIOUS ANALYSIS OF DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS OF ENTERPRISES IN THE GAS SPHERE
Authors: Ухлова В.В. , Мартыненко Г.Н. , Лукьяненко В.И. 
Published: March 2021

В работе ставится задача адаптации алгоритма метода анализа иерархии для возможности его применения в сценарном анализе проектов развития газового хозяйства г. Воронежа. Одна из задач работы - формирование модели оценки проектов газовой сферы. В качестве решения предложены модель оценки проектов и адаптированный алгоритм.
The paper poses the problem of adapting the algorithm of the hierarchy analysis method for the possibility of its application in the scenario analysis of projects for the development of the gas economy in Voronezh. One of the tasks of the work is to form a model for evaluating gas projects. As a solution, a project evaluation model and an adapted algorithm are proposed
MODELING THE PROCESS OF DISSEMINATING INFORMATION IN A SOCIAL NETWORK
Authors: Гусев М.М. , Киселева Т.В. , Кораблина Т.В. , Пермякова Е.П. 
Published: March 2021

Построена модель социальной сети позволяющая проводить исследование распространения информации с учетом психофизиологических особенностей агента. Предложены коэффициенты приема и передачи информации, зависящие от типа личности
The built model of a social network allows to study the distribution of information taking into account psychophysiological agents. The coefficients of reception and transmission of information are proposed, depending on the type of personality and determined on the basis of the analysis of objects of each type of personality with the involvement of experts. The software implementation of the model of information dissemination in social networks has been made.
A D-term Modeling Code (DMC) for Simultaneous Calibration and Full-Stokes Imaging of Very Long Baseline Interferometric Data
Authors: Pesce Dominic W. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper we present DMC, a model and associated tool for polarimetric imaging of very long baseline interferometry data sets that simultaneously reconstructs the full-Stokes emission structure along with the station-based gain and leakage calibration terms. DMC formulates the imaging problem in terms of posterior exploration, which is achieved using Hamiltonian Monte Carlo sampling. The resulting posterior distribution provides a natural quantification of uncertainty in both the image structure and the data calibration. We run DMC on both synthetic and real data sets, the results of which demonstrate its ability to accurately recover both the image structure and calibration quantities, as well as to assess their corresponding uncertainties. The framework underpinning DMC is flexible, and its specific implementation is under continued development.
The Photospheric Footpoints of Solar Coronal Hole Jets
Authors: Muglach K. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We study the photospheric footpoints of a set of 35 coronal jets in a coronal hole as observed by Hinode/EIS. We use SDO/AIA data to coalign the spectroscopic EIS data with SDO/HMI line-of-sight magnetograms and calculate the plane-of-sky flow field using local correlation tracking (LCT) on SDO/HMI white light images. The jets are put into categories according to the changes observed in the photospheric magnetic flux at the footpoints of the coronal bright point where the jets originate: flux cancellation, complex flux changes (flux appearance/emergence and cancellation), and no flux changes. We also present three jets in detail. Observed magnetic flux evolution, LCT flow field structure and location of the jet footpoints at supergranular boundaries do not support the flux emergence scenario used in most jet simulations and are also not consistent with a rotational photospheric driver. Detailed numerical jet simulations using our observed photospheric features, in particular converging flows and flux cancellation do not currently exist, although such models would provide a realistic eruptive event scenario.
Relationship between Polytropic Index and Temperature Anisotropy in Space Plasmas
Authors: Livadiotis G. , Nicolaou G. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The paper develops a theoretical relationship between the polytropic index and the temperature anisotropy that may characterize space plasmas. The derivation is based on the correlation among the kinetic energies of particles with velocities described by anisotropic kappa distributions. The correlation coefficient depends on the effective dimensionality of the velocity distribution, which is determined by the temperature anisotropy caused by the ambient magnetic field; on the other hand, the effective dimensionality is directly dependent on the polytropic index. This analysis leads to the connection between the correlation coefficient, effective dimensionality of the velocity space, and the polytropic index, with the temperature anisotropy. Moreover, a data and statistical analysis is performed to test the developed model in the solar wind proton plasma near 1 au. The derived theoretical relationship is in good agreement with observations, showing that the lowest and classical value of the adiabatic polytropic index occurs in the isotropic case, while higher values of the adiabatic index characterize more anisotropic plasmas. Finally, possible extensions of the theory considering (i) nonadiabatic polytropic behavior and (ii) more general distributions, are further discussed.
2-aminooxazole in Astrophysical Environments: IR Spectra and Destruction Cross Sections for Energetic Processing
Authors: Maté Belén , Carrasco-Herrera Ricardo , Timón Vicente , Tanarro Isabel , Herrero Victor J. , Carrascosa Héctor , Muñoz Caro Guillermo M. , González-Díaz Cristóbal , Jiménez-Serra Izaskun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
2-aminooxazole (2AO), a N-heterocyclic molecule, has been proposed as an intermediate in prebiotic syntheses. It has been demonstrated that it can be synthesized from small molecules such as cyanamide and glycoaldehyde, which are present in interstellar space. The aim of this work is to provide infrared (IR) spectra, in the solid phase for conditions typical of astrophysical environments and to estimate its stability toward UV photons and cosmic rays. IR (4000–600 cm−1) absorption spectra at 20 K, 180 K, and 300 K, IR band strengths, and room-temperature UV (120–250 nm) absorption spectra are given for the first time for this species. Destruction cross sections of ≈9.5 10−18 cm2 and ≈2 10−16 cm2 were found in the irradiation at 20 K of pure 2AO and 2AO:H2O ices with UV (6.3–10.9 eV) photons or 5 keV electrons, respectively. These data were used to estimate half-life times for the molecule in different environments. It is estimated that 2AO could survive UV radiation and cosmic rays in the ice mantles of dense clouds beyond cloud collapse. In contrast, it would be very unstable on the surface of cold solar system bodies like Kuiper Belt objects, but the molecule could still survive within dust grain agglomerates or cometesimals.
Astrochemical Significance of the P + SO Reaction: Spectroscopic Characterization of SPO, PSO, and SOP Isomers
Authors: Trabelsi Tarek , Plane John M. C. , Francisco Joseph S. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The doublet and quartet potential energy surfaces for the P + SO → PO + S reaction are explored using the highly accurate explicit correlation multireference configuration interaction method, and the reaction is found to be thermodynamically favorable, with an exothermicity value of 70.5 kJ mol−1. The electronic structure, spectra, and bond dissociation energies of the intermediates involved in the reaction, such as SPO, PSO, and SOP, are calculated using high-level quantum chemistry methods. An explanation of the nondetection of the diatomic SP is proposed. At pressures relevant to astrochemistry, the reaction is overwhelmingly bimolecular, with a predicted rate coefficient of 2.1 × 10−10 (T/300)−0.23 cm3 molecule−1 s−1. The results from this study are expected to aid in the spectroscopic detection of these new species in the laboratory and the interstellar medium.
SDSS-IV MaNGA: The Radial Profile of Enhanced Star Formation in Close Galaxy Pairs
Authors: Steffen Joshua L. , Fu Hai , Comerford J. M. , Dai 戴 Y. Sophia 昱 , Feng Shuai , Gross Arran C. , Xue Rui 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We compare the radial profiles of the specific star formation rate (sSFR) in a sample of 169 star-forming galaxies in close pairs with those of mass-matched control galaxies in the SDSS-IV MaNGA survey. We find that the sSFR is centrally enhanced (within one effective radius) in interacting galaxies by ∼0.3 dex and that there is a weak sSFR suppression in the outskirts of the galaxies of ∼0.1 dex. We stack the difference profiles for galaxies in five stellar-mass bins in the range log(M/M
⊙) = 9.0–11.5 and find that the sSFR enhancement has no dependence on the stellar mass. The same result is obtained when comparison galaxies are matched to each paired galaxy in both stellar mass and redshift. In addition, we find that the sSFR enhancement is elevated in pairs with nearly equal masses and closer projected separations, in agreement with previous work based on single-fiber spectroscopy. We also find that the sSFR offsets in the outskirts of the paired galaxies are dependent on whether the galaxy is the more-massive or less-massive companion in the pair. The more-massive companion experiences zero to a positive sSFR enhancement, while the less-massive companion experiences sSFR suppression in their outskirts. Our results illustrate the complex tidal effects on star formation in closely paired galaxies.