bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Satisfaction of Online Learning among Nursing Students during COVID-19 Pandemic in Pokhara
Authors: Rana Man Maya , Shrestha Sandhya 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic across the world has profoundly altered almost all aspects of life, including education. Conducting online learning was necessary to continue academic activities across all schools worldwide. The objective of this study was to assess satisfaction of online learning among nursing students. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 191 nursing students of PCL and B.Sc nursing programme. An enumerative sampling technique was used to select the sample. The self-administered web based questionnaire was used to collect data. The collected data was analysed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: More than half (56%) of students were satisfied with online learning. A majority (95.8%) agreed that they need to be updated with the latest technology, 93.2% agreed on self-discipline is necessary during online class, 78% students agreed that they feel practical/clinical simulation exercises through online class is difficult, and 73.3% agreed the instructors organization and preparation for class provides comfortable online learning environment. However, only 23.56% of them agreed that they feel lazy and disinterested during online classes. There was significant association between level of satisfaction and type of residence, monthly family income, and academic level. Conclusion: More than half students are satisfied in online learning. Students' satisfaction is one of important factors for effective outcome from online learning. So, E-learning is a good opportunity to continue education in future.
Evaluation of Alcazar Scoring System to Differentiate Between Benign and Malignant Ovarian Masses- A Nepalese Perspective
Authors: Sharma Rupesh , Shrestha Deepak , Thapa Krishna , Bhandari Kiran 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Ovarian cancer is the fifth most common cancer in Nepalese females and the tenth overall, accounting for 5% of the total new cases of cancer in females in 2020. Ultrasonography (USG) remains the primary tool for the diagnosis and characterization of ovarian masses in which many grey-scale and Doppler characteristics are evaluated. Various scoring systems have been described incorporating different USG parameters to differentiate the benign and malignant nature of ovarian masses. Alcazar scoring system includes both grey-scale as well as Doppler characteristics of the ovarian masses and is one of the more widely used systems worldwide. Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study based on 52 consecutive patients who were clinically suspected to have ovarian mass and referred for USG evaluation and who subsequently underwent surgery.Results:As confirmed by histopathology, 37 cases were benign and 15 were malignant masses. Alcazar system of scoring identified 34 out of 37 benign cases and 15 out of 15 malignant cases with sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing malignant cases of 83.3% and 91.1% respectively. Conclusion: Alcazar system of scoring is a highly effective tool to differentiate between benign and malignant ovarian masses and can be of great help in diagnosis, characterization and effective preoperative planning.
Om betydningen af Biestas begreb ’subjektifikation’ i forhold til pædagogisk professionelle: Bifurkation som dannelsesproces mellem eksistentiel selv-dechifrering (diskontinuitet) og pragmatisk læring (kontinuitet)
Authors: Pio Frederik 
Published: December 2024

On the basis of Biesta’s neologism subjectification the chapter presents two underlying positions of formation predicated upon Biesta’s innovation. The purpose of this clarification is to arrive at a versatility that springs from real life experience. These two underlying positions are:
a) Formation (Bildung): as it is unfolded through a process of societal continuity. This position is found in the pedagogy of Dietrich Benner (1987), with an emphasis on learning and the importance of individual freedom achieved through individualized, rational autonomy.
b) Self-deciphering: This position designates a Bildung-process marked by existential discontinuity. This position is found in the writings of Otto Bollnow (1969). Here the process of becoming for the individual is subjected to the fractured weight of the world, in a way where a societal learning curve of adaption falls to the wayside.
Through the above steps the chapter attempts to uncover a principle of bifurcation. This concept is borrowed from algebra, but it is introduced here as a pedagogical concept. And Biesta’s conceptual triad subjectification, qualification and socialization is integrated into this analysis. On this background the research question is: In which way can the cultivation of a pedagogically directed professional identity be developed, if one approaches Biesta’s concept of subjectification through the dual distinction between continuity (Bildung in Benner) and discontinuity (self-deciphering in Bollnow)?
Institutional and Students’ Factors Influencing Adoption of E-Learning in Higher Educational Institutions in Kenya: A Case of Public Universities
Authors: Wanjara Amos Otieno , Ogembo Paul Okeyo 
Published: December 2024

E-learning as a crucial aspect of ICT is a new model of education dispensation in the Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) across the world. However, this technologically enhanced educational model is still at the infancy stage in the developing countries, Kenya not exceptional. The purpose of the study was to assess the institutional and students’ factors influencing adoption of e-learning in Higher institutions of Learning in Kenya. The specific objectives were: to establish the impact of institutional e-learning policy (IEP) on its adoption in HEIs in Kenya, to establish the impact of lecturers’ perceived ease of use (PEU) of e-learning on its adoption in HEIs and to establish effect of students’ perceived usefulness (PU) of e-learning on its adoption in HEIs. The study was underpinned by Technology Acceptance Model. This study reviewed 69 relevant empirical literatures whose meta- analysis was guided. The study established that lecturers’ perceived ease of use of e-learning affects its adoption, that institutional e-learning policy has significant relationship with e-learning adoption and that students’ e-learning perceived usefulness has a great effect on its adoption in the university. The study findings have implications on close scrutiny of universities’ e-learning policies toward its implementation; on provision of e-pedagogical training to lecturers toward e-learning capacity building; implications on universities’ ICT Departments’ preparation of students for e-learning educational model. In a nutshell the study finding would inform the best organizational practices towards e-learning effectiveness.
Proses Berpikir Siswa Dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Soal HOTS Ditinjau Dari Adversity Quotient Di Kelas VIII SMPN 1 Loceret
Authors: Novitasari Dini 
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMPN 1 Loceret Nganjuk dengan jumlah30 siswa. Sampel penelitian ini menggunakan siswa kelas VIII-I SMPN 1 Loceret Nganjuk yang berjumlah 6 siswa, terdiri dari 2 siswa tipe Climber, 2 siswa tipe Camper, dan 2 siswa tipe Quitter berdasarkan Teknik purposive sampling. Teknik pengambilan data dengan observasi, angket, tes, dan wawancara. Analisis data menggunakan tahap reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan proses berpikir siswa tipe Clilmber, Camper, dan Quitter dalam menyelesaikan soal HOTS di SMPN 1 Loceret. Hasil penelitian ini : (1) Siswa Climber mampu melewati ketiga tahap proses berpikir yaitu, (2) Siswa Camper tidak mampu melewati ketiga tahap proses berpikir, hanya mampu melewati 2 tahap, (3) Siswa Quitter tidak mampu melewati ketiga tahap proses berpikir, siswa Quitter hanya mampu melewati tahap pembentukan pengertian.
Measuring the Benefits of Plants: Visual Exposure and Human Well-being Impacts of Lush Streetscapes
Authors: Christofi Maria , Hollander Justin B. , Folta Sara C. , Carlson-Hill Lisa 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This research seeks to explore how exposure to horticultural elements in the streetscape may impact cardiovascular health and well-being. We used advanced facial expression and heat-mapping technology software to compare preconscious levels of attentiveness, gaze path, facial expressions, and fixation on images (emotional responses) with and without horticultural elements among 47 adult participants. We found that the position and existence of Lush green elements were significantly related to these biological responses. Barren images were found to elicit a more frequent negative emotional response. This study presented the relationship between horticultural elements and users' conscious and unconscious responses to Lush versus Barren images of street scenes. Key fixation points were correlated with a reduction in stress levels. This finding suggests that including these elements in landscape design could improve well-being.
Into the Wild – U.S. Consumer Preferences for Residential Landscape Wildlife
Authors: Rihn Alicia , Barton Susan , Torres Ariana , Behe Bridget K. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
A key benefit of botanically diverse landscapes is their ability to attract and support wildlife. Nature relatedness, a term that describes the affective, cognitive, and experiential aspect of human-nature relations, promotes positive well-being and happiness. Wildlife is a broad term which can include insects, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Because markets are typically heterogeneous, consumers are likely to respond differently to landscapes that are wildlife-friendly. The present study used an online survey to explore U.S. consumer preferences for 10 different types of wildlife in landscapes. Participants wanted landscapes that attracted songbirds, butterflies, pollinators, and bees. In general, participants were neutral about attracting gamebirds, deer, and chipmunks. However, they wanted to deter insects, bats, and snakes. Greater native plant knowledge and higher nature relatedness ratings improved the probability of participants wanting to attract all 10 types of wildlife. Demographics impacted preferences with older participants wanting to attract songbirds, butterflies, bees, and pollinators but deter all other types of wildlife. On average, women wanted to attract butterflies but deter game birds, deer, chipmunks, insects, bats, and snakes. Rural residents were more interested in attracting all types of wildlife. People with children wanted to attract gamebirds, deer, and chipmunks to their landscapes.
The Problem of Embryonic Stem Cell Research
Authors: Hans Schwarz 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Germany is quite restrictive regarding the importation and utilization of embryonic stem cells. To control stem cell research in Germany the Federal Government established in 2002 a Central Ethics Commission on Stem Cell Research. Stem cells are interesting for research since they are biological prototypes which can be multiplied in definitely in vitro, and which grow into many different specialized types of cells. One hopes that from embryonic stem cells, one can grow tissue which can replace diseased or destroyed tissue. There are also adult stem cells in human beings. But they do not multiply very easily, and their reprogramming is extremely difficult. Then different opinions regarding the permission of embryonic stem cell research are discussed.
How can we expect any guidance from Christian ethics concerning stem cell research? Our mandate is to further the good of our fellow human beings. But each blastocyte must develop into a human being. To answer this question, it might be good to look at nature. Nature is very generous with nascent life. Birth is the exception, death and natural abortion is the rule. Are we more protecting than nature of those embryos that are left over from in vitro fertilization? Could we not establish an analogy between the naturally discarded embryos in an unintentional abortion and the embryos not implanted by in vitro fertilization?
Can we look at nature without falling prey to a reductive naturalism? Is not humanity created in the image of God? We may conclude that humanity being created in the image of God in Gen 1:26-28 shows that a human being represents God’s rule over creation. Therefore, we must shoulder our ethical responsibility. Blastocytes are not just research material. They are not just an accidental conglomerate of cells. They are potential human beings. The generation of human embryos for research is ethically problematic and should not be advocated. Research with adult stem cells should not be abandoned in favor of the “easier” way of embryonic stem cell research. An initial temporal limit of embryonic stem cell research should be advocated until we know whether adult stem cell research is not an actual alternative. Outlawing embryonic stem cell research at this point would contradict our obligation to serve our fellow human beings.
History of Micrornas: From Gene Controlling Development of Nematodes to a Promising Tool for Molecular Therapy
Authors: Dusan Brany 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
MicroRNAs are short, single-stranded RNA molecules that typically consist of a 22-nucleotide sequence. Despite their small size, these molecules play an essential role in every type of human cell – regulation of gene expression on post-transcriptional level. Without this regulation, physiological functioning of cells, and thus also of complex organisms, would not be possible. Although microRNAs are extremely important, the mechanism of their function was explored and described relatively recently, in 1993, in Caenorhabditis elegans, a nematode approximately 1 millimeter in length. However, it took another seven years for miRNAs to be found and characterized in higher organisms, including humans. This discovery has increased scientific interest that continues nowadays, particularly due to the recognition that modulation of miRNA activity holds great promise as a therapeutic approach.
This article will provide a structural overview and fundamental principles of miRNA biogenesis and activity, while also tracing the brief history of miRNAs from their first discovery in the 1980s to the present. It will be mentioned how the mechanisms of miRNAs action were revealed – a discovery that won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2024. Moreover, the history of miRNA research in Slovakia and also at Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin will be presented. Finally, the main limitations that currently hinder miRNA-based therapy from clinical application will be discussed.
Leadership and Humor, the Moomin Way
Authors: Tienari Janne , Savage Paul 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Drawing on an ethnographic study in the Moomin business we explore how a discourse on humor enables organizational members to enact a particular form of leadership. While the Moomin heritage and philosophy steers leadership towards supporting and caring for people and respecting their differences, the relational and contextual nature of organizational interactions renders leadership and humor subject to friction and tensions. We elucidate how humor plays out between leaders, in meetings, in supporting people, and in parties, and how humor is constantly on the edge. Our study contributes to understanding leadership as discursive practice steered by humor.
Faces of Populism in the Rhetoric of Leadership: How Conflict Talk Wears Out
Authors: Cap Piotr 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The present paper employs conceptual tools of critical cognitive discourse studies (discourse space research, metaphor analysis, proximization) to explore patterns of legitimization discourse used by top Polish political parties to claim state leadership in the years 2015—2023. The first part studies the discourse of Law & Justice, a far-right conservative party ruling Poland from October 2015 to October 2023. It describes L&J’s strategies of leadership legitimization involving socio -ideological polarization, strategic generation of internal as well as external conflict, threat construction and crisis management. The second part analyzes the more moderate and cooperation oriented discourse strategies implemented by three opposition parties in the lead -up to the 2023 parliamentary elections, in which L&J finally lost power. The aim of the paper is to compare and contrast the two discourses, L&J’s and the opposition’s, to speculate about the longevity of radical populist discourses such as L&J’s. It is argued that a conflict-charged, polarized populist discourse can be an extremely powerful tool, able to grant long -term political leadership. At the same time, in a yet longer perspective, such a discourse runs a considerable risk of ‘wearing out’ and becoming vulnerable to more forward -looking and pragmatic leadership rhetoric, which presages political change.
Morphometric Indicators of High Tatra Mts. Lakes and Their Catchments to Analyse Debris Flow Dynamics (Slovakia)
Authors: Čajková Silvia , Hrivnáková Kristína , Hreško Juraj 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper provides a quantitative assessment of debris flows, the morphometric properties of high-mountain lakes, and their catchments in the Slovak part of the High Tatra Mts. Our database comprises 29 high-mountain lakes in 11 valleys. We utilised vector models to derive some maps, and for a detailed study, we employed a digital elevation model of the study area and applied map algebra within a geographic information system environment. Using ArcGIS software, we calculated 18 morphometric parameters (such as basin orientation, topographic slope factor, basin length, basin ruggedness, etc.). This study is valuable for conducting various analyses of hydrological and morphometric characteristics of catchments. It is based on a comprehensive approach that integrates Earth remote sensing with aerial image interpretation and detailed field research of the High Tatra Mts.’ lakes. The study has shown a significant influence of morphometric parameters of catchments on the dynamics and frequency of morpho-dynamic processes.
Characteristics of The Assimilation Apparatus of Species From the Genus Picea A. Dietr. In The Conditions of Different Pollution Levels
Authors: Fedorchak Elvira 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In the course of our investigations, we have found a suppressed state of assimilation organs in the trees of Picea abies and P. pungens from plantations with moderate and high pollution levels. It causes a decrease of morphometric characteristics (needle length, width, thickness, cross-section perimeter, surface area, and shoot length) and anatomical parameters [thickness of the epidermis, hypodermis, endoderm, diameter of central conducting cylinder (CCC), resin duct numbers, and their diameter] in both species. However, regarding the endoderm thickness and central conductor cylinder indices in P. pungens in conditions of urban technogenic environments, we observed an increase of these parameters in contrast to P. abies, which can be explained as the adaptive response spruce species to technogenic stress. It is shown that the higher pollution levels in both species cause 1.6-fold decrease in shoot length and 1.4 times shorter needle lifespan, respectively, along with worsening of tree ornamental traits. At the same time, a 1.3-fold increase in the needle number per shoot was observed as compared to the control being probably an adaptive response to adverse environmental conditions. Our investigations have shown that emissions from industry and transport suppress anatomical and morphometric indices of two-year-old needles and shoots of second order in P. abies and P. pungens, but the latter species demonstrates anatomical changes of adaptive nature.
Global Megatrends Impacts on the Landscape, Analysis Based on Key Drivers of the Megatrends and Landscape Change: Case Study of Danubian Lowland, Slovakia
Authors: Raniak Andrej , Izakovičová Zita 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Global megatrends (GMTs) reshape landscapes worldwide, posing challenges for sustainability. This study delves into the complex interplay between GMTs and landscape changes in the Danube Lowland region of Slovakia, a microcosm of broader trends. Leveraging the concept of representative potential geoecosystems (REPGES), we assess historical landscape transformations and correlate them with key GMT drivers. Results reveal significant urban expansion linked to GMT2, primarily impacting the Bratislava area. Simultaneously, GMT5-driven economic growth manifests in agricultural land expansion and the total loss of one REPGES type. Notably, these changes coincide with a decrease in ecological stability across the region. Spatial analysis further unravels the interplay of GMTs, highlighting areas under intense urban and agricultural pressure. Our findings not only shed light on specific GMT impacts in the Danube Lowland but also offer valuable insights for landscape management across diverse regions facing similar megatrends. By understanding these complex interactions, we can develop informed strategies to navigate the challenges and opportunities presented by a globalized world, promoting sustainable landscapes for the future.
Using A Gis For Mapping Land Use, Floral Richness, and Urbanization in the Peri-Urban Forest of Harouza (Tizi Ouzou, Algeria)
Authors: Larbi Mohamed Yamine , Derridj Arezki , Zanndouche Ouahid 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The peri-urban forest of Harouza, located near the city of Tizi Ouzou in Algeria, is currently facing significant preservation challenges. These wooded areas, crucial for the country’s ecological and socioeconomic balance, are experiencing increasing pressures of human and climatic origin. Rapid urbanization, forest exploitation, and the consequences of climate change have significantly influenced its ecosystem, leading to visible degradation. The repercussions include a noticeable decrease in forest cover, a reduction in biodiversity, and the emergence of degraded areas. To address these issues, our study relied on Geographic Information Systems (GIS). These tools allowed for precise mapping of land use in our study area, revealing a total area of 201.5 ha. Most of this land is occupied by scrubland, a formation associated with forest degradation, covering 74.9 ha. The actual forest covers only 21.4 ha. The presence of 75 wild species, including 20 chamaephytes and 21 therophytes, reflects the disturbances experienced by this ecosystem. The use of multi-date images (2006, 2013, and 2022) over a 15-year period reveals a concerning trend of urbanization. Between 2006 and 2022, the low risk of urbanization decreased from 6.974 to 3.573 km, while the high risk increased from 0.753 to 3.528 km. This analysis of urbanization dynamics thus provides a detailed perspective on the most affected and potentially vulnerable areas.