bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intracellular imaging of metmyoglobin and oxygen using new dual purpose probe EYFP‐Myoglobin‐mCherry
Authors: Penjweini Rozhin , Roarke Branden , Alspaugh Greg , Link Katie A. , Andreoni Alessio , Mori Mateus P. , Hwang Paul M. , Sackett Dan L. , Knutson Jay R. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe biological relevance of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in signaling, metabolic regulation, and disease treatment has become abundantly clear. The dramatic change in NO/ROS processing that accompanies a changing oxygen landscape calls for new imaging tools that can provide cellular details about both [O2] and the production of reactive species. Myoglobin oxidation to the met state by NO/ROS is a known sensor with absorbance changes in the visible range. We previously employed Förster resonance energy transfer to read out the deoxygenation/oxygenation of myoglobin, creating the subcellular [O2] sensor Myoglobin‐mCherry. We now add the fluorescent protein EYFP to this sensor to create a novel probe that senses both met formation, a proxy for ROS/NO exposure, and [O2]. Since both proteins are present in the construct, it can also relieve users from the need to measure fluorescence lifetime, making [O2] sensing available to a wider group of laboratories.
Clinical characteristics of pancreatic and biliary tract cancers associated with Lynch syndrome
Authors: Takamizawa Shigemasa , Morizane Chigusa , Tanabe Noriko , Maruki Yuta , Kondo Shunsuke , Hijioka Susumu , Ueno Hideki , Sugano Kokichi , Hiraoka Nobuyoshi , Okusaka Takuji 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackground/PurposePancreatic and biliary tract cancers are one of the Lynch syndrome‐associated malignancies. There are few reports describing the patients’ backgrounds and clinical characteristics.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with Lynch syndrome‐associated pancreatic or biliary tract malignant tumors at National Cancer Center Hospital between March 1992 and October 2019.ResultsFourteen patients were included. They had a history of multiple cancers and a family history of cancer. For the six patients with pancreatic malignant tumor, the median age was 63 years. The primary tumor site of 5/6 patients with pancreatic cancer was the body or tail. Only one patient had pancreatic head cancer. The median overall survival (OS) was 68 (range, 17‐198) months. For the eight patients with biliary tract malignant tumor, the median age was 65.5 years. The primary tumor site of 5/8 patients was the intrahepatic bile duct, whereas the primary site of 2/8 was the hilar bile duct. The median OS was 62 (range, 3‐183) months.ConclusionsThis study brought out several observations on tumor location, late development, and favorable long‐term outcomes. Additional studies are needed to identify the characteristics.
Sand accumulation in the digestive tract of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus): The role of the appendix
Authors: Winter Nicole , Clauss Marcus , Codron Daryl , Hummel Jürgen , Müller Jaqueline , Richter Henning , Kircher Patrick , Hatt Jean‐Michel , Martin Louise Françoise 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe determined location and amount of accumulated sand in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) fed diets containing external (silicate) abrasives. Computed tomographic abdominal images of rabbits (n = 44) and guinea pigs (n = 16) that each received varying numbers (4–7) of different diets for 14 days each (total n = 311 computed tomographs), and radiographs of dissected GIT and presence of silica in GIT content (n = 46 animals) were evaluated. In rabbits, the majority of accumulated sand was located in the caecal appendix, an elongated, intestinal structure in the left side of the abdomen. The ‘wash‐back’ colonic separation mechanism in rabbits may be partly responsible for a retrograde transport of sand back to the caecum, where dense, small particles accumulate in the appendix. The appendix likely acted as a reservoir of these particles, leading to significant effects not only of the momentary but also of the previous diet on recorded sand volumes in the rabbits. Guinea pigs have no caecal appendix and a colonic separation mechanism not based on a ‘wash‐back’. Less sand accumulation was found in their GIT without a specific location pattern, and there were less previous diet effects in this species. None of the rabbits or guinea pigs developed clinical signs of obstruction during the study, and the recorded sand volumes represented 1.0 ± 1.2% of the 14‐d sand intake in rabbits and 0.2 ± 0.2% in guinea pigs. Accumulation of sand in volumes up to 10 cm3in the GIT of rabbits does not seem to cause clinical health impairment. Large inter‐individual differences in rabbits indicate inter‐individual variation in proneness to sand accumulation. The reason for the presence of a sand‐trapping caecal appendix in animals that are, due to their burrowing lifestyle and feeding close to the ground, predestined for accidental sand ingestion, remains to be unveiled.
Residual levels of five pesticides in peanut oil processing and chips frying
Authors: Duan Lifang , An Xiaokang , Pan Xinglu , Li Runan , Wang Kuan , Guo Luyao , Zhang Binbin , Dong Fengshou , Xiang Wensheng , Wu Xiaohu , Xu Jun , Zheng Yongquan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDPesticide contamination in oil crops and processed products is an important food safety concern. The study was aimed to investigate the pesticide residue changes in press processing of peanut oil and frying of chips.RESULTSFive pesticides – chlorpyrifos, deltamethrin, methoxyfenozide, azoxystrobin and propargite – which are often applied during growth period in peanut plants, were selected to investigate their residue changes in cold press processing of peanut oil and frying of potato chips. Results showed that the residues of the five pesticides were decreased by 3.1–42.6% during air‐drying before oil pressing. The residues of chlorpyrifos, deltamethrin, methoxyfenozide and propargite in peanut oil were 2.05–3.63 times higher than that in peanut meal after cold pressing of the oil, except for azoxystrobin having a slightly lower residue in peanut oil, with 0.92 times that in peanut meal. The processing factors of the five pesticides in peanut oil ranged from 1.17 to 2.73 and were highly related to the log Kow of the pesticides. The higher the log Kow, the more easily was the pesticide partitioned in the peanut oil. Besides, as frying time increase during preparation of chips, the concentration of pesticides in peanut oil decreased gradually by 6.7–22.1% compared to the first frying. In addition, 0.47–11.06% of the pesticides were transferred to the chips through frying with contaminated oil.CONCLUSIONThis is first report showing that pesticides can transfer from contaminated oil to chips. There exists a potential dietary health risk by using pesticide‐contaminated oil for frying chips. This work could provide basic data for accurate dietary risk assessment of pesticide residues in peanut oil and its frying products. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Physical and chemical properties of nabak (Zizyphus spina‐christi) seed kernel and sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) seed oils
Authors: Embaby Hassan Elsayed , Miyakawa Takuya , Hachimura Satoshi , Muramatsu Tomonari , Nara Masayuki , Tanokura Masaru 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDNabak seed kernels and sweet pepper seeds, which are separated from the fruits and discarded as waste after processing or consumption, contain high levels of oils (30.19% and 19.57%, respectively). The chemical and thermal characteristics of nabak seed kernel oil (NSO) and sweet pepper seed oil (PSO) were investigated in this study.RESULTSThe NSO and PSO contained high levels of unsaturated fatty acids (84.1% and 86.5%, respectively), and the major fatty acid was oleic acid (57.3%) in NSO, but it was linoleic acid (69.4%) in PSO. The triacylglycerol (TAG) profiles show that NSO contained ten TAG species, three of which represented 87.1%, namely C54:3, C52:2 and C54:4, and triolein was the dominant (OOO, 47.0%). Pepper seed oil contained nine TAG molecular species, four of which represented 93.6%, namely C54:6, C52:4, C54:4 and C52:5, and trilinolein was dominant (LLL, 44.0%). The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis of NSO revealed that three exothermal peaks were detected during cooling, two endothermal peaks were detected during melting, and the major peak occurred at a low temperature. For PSO, three exothermal peaks were detected during cooling, three peaks were detected (one of them was exothermal) during melting, and the major peaks were observed at low temperatures. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra indicated that NSO and PSO did not contain peroxides or trans fatty acids, but they did contain low concentrations of free fatty acids.CONCLUSIONThis study offers a scientific basis for the use of NSO and PSO as new sources of edible oils for food applications. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Optimum growth and quality of the edible ice plant under saline conditions
Authors: Rodríguez‐Hernández María del Carmen , Garmendia Idoia 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDIce plant is a halophyte, known for its antioxidant activity and for being a highly functional food. It is capable of increasing its contents of health‐promoting compounds when subjected to certain stresses such as salinity. The objective of this work was to determine the plant's best growing conditions to achieve both an optimal production of bioactive metabolites and high crop yield. Mesembryanthemum crystallinum were grown under semi‐controlled conditions and four saline treatments were applied at: 0, 100, 200 and 300 mmol L–1 sodium chloride (NaCl), respectively.RESULTSThe 100 mmol L–1 NaCl treatment induced a slight increase in shoot dry weight (DW) and enhanced the leaf area. At higher salinity levels, however, the shoot biomass decreased. The concentration of starch and total proteins declined as the concentration of salt increased, while the total soluble sugars (TSS) content was lower in 100 and 300 mmol L–1 NaCl treatments. Proline increased in conditions over 100 mmol L–1 NaCl. Furthermore, plants grown with 300 mmol L–1 of NaCl presented the highest values of glutathione, ascorbic acid and vitamin C. Antioxidant enzymes activity and total phenolics increased with the severity of the salinity.CONCLUSIONIce plant accumulates high levels of health‐promoting compounds when grown with 300 mmol L–1 NaCl. A high concentration of beneficial compounds, however, is detrimental to the plant's growth. Moreover, 100 mmol L–1 NaCl treatment not only improved the concentration of bioactive and antioxidant compounds but also preserved the crop yield. It could thus be interesting to promote the cultivation of this high nutritional value plant in environments of moderate salinity. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Neoadjuvant radiation for cutaneous and soft tissue angiosarcoma
Authors: Sharon Cimarron E. , Straker Richard J. , Shannon Adrienne B. , Shabason Jacob E. , Zhang Paul J. L. , Fraker Douglas L. , Miura John T. , Karakousis Giorgos C. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesNeoadjuvant radiation (NRT) is frequently utilized in soft tissue sarcomas to increase local control. Its utility in cutaneous and soft tissue angiosarcoma remains poorly defined.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was performed using the National Cancer Database (2004–2016) evaluating patients with clinically localized, surgically resected angiosarcomas. Factors associated with receipt of NRT in the overall cohort and margin positivity in treatment naïve patients were identified by univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses. Survival was assessed using Kaplan–Meier analysis.ResultsOf 597 patients, 27 (4.5%) received NRT. Increasing age (odds ratio [OR] 0.95,p = 0.025), tumor size more than or equal to 5 cm (OR 3.16,p = 0.02), and extremity tumor location (OR 3.99,p = 0.04) were associated with receipt of NRT. All patients who received NRT achieved an R0 resection (p = 0.03) compared with 17.9% of patients without NRT. Factors associated with risk of margin positivity included tumor size more than or equal to 5 cm (OR 1.85,p = 0.01), and head/neck location (OR 2.24,p = 0.006). NRT was not significantly associated with improved survival (p = 0.21).ConclusionsNRT improves rates of R0 resection but is infrequently utilized in cutaneous and soft tissue angiosarcoma. Increased usage of NRT, particularly for patients with lesions more than or equal to 5 cm, or head and neck location, may help achieve complete resections.
Improvement of low anterior resection syndrome beyond 2 years after total mesorectal excision
Authors: He Siqi , Liu Zhanzhen , Li Li , Zhang Jinquan , Shi Lishuo , Song Yuntao , Lin Hongcheng , Sun Weipeng , Wang Jianping , Deng Yanhong , Wang Hui , Kang Liang , Dou Ruoxu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimBowel dysfunction after sphincter‐preserving proctectomy, also known as low anterior resection syndrome (LARS), has significant impact on survivors of rectal cancer. This study aimed to assess the temporal change of LARS beyond 2 years after proctectomy, which has not been fully studied.MethodsWe longitudinally enrolled consecutive patients who had received total mesorectal excision in a tertiary academic medical center, with preoperative neoadjuvant therapy if indicated. LARS score was longitudinally assessed by two serial follow‐ups, with a fixed interval of 18 months.ResultsOverall, 107 patients responded for the first follow‐up after a median of q20 months, 96 of whom responded for the second follow‐up after a median of 38 months. At the first follow‐up, 48 patients (44.9%) reported major LARS, compared with 23 (24.0%) at the second follow‐up (p < 0.001). Mean LARS score improved from 27.3 to 18.6, mostly from “urgency” (12.2 vs. 6.2, p < 0.001) and “clustering of stools” (9.7 vs. 7.7, p = 0.001). Anastomosis less than 3 cm from the anal verge was independently associated with LARS improvement.ConclusionBowel dysfunction continues to improve 2 years after total mesorectal excision, with most symptom relief in urgency and stool clustering, especially in patients with lower anastomosis.
New Insights into Segmental Packing, Chain Dynamics and Thermomechanical Performance of Aliphatic Polyurea Composites: Comparison between Silica Oxides and Titanium (III) Oxides
Authors: Palaniandy Khanisya , Auckloo Sheik Ambarine Banon , Cavallaro Giuseppe , Chan Eng Seng , Pasbakhsh Pooria 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPolyurea (PU) is intrinsically reinforced by its microphase‐separated morphology, giving its excellent mechanical properties. In this study, it is shown how a high‐index PU formulation applies easy diffusion of hard segments into the soft phase of the PU matrix and tune its chain mobility. Moreover, the interaction of micro (>100 nm), nano (<100 nm) fillers with the microdomains and their thermomechanical properties are unraveled. Herein, nanosilica oxide (NS) and micro titanium (III) oxide (Ti2O3) are incorporated at low loadings into a solvent‐free two‐component aliphatic PU via insitu polymerization. While NS achieves an interfacial interaction with urea groups and forms a tight hard segmental packing, the large‐sized Ti2O3 assembles the interconnected PU chain network, improving its crystallinity. Strong reinforcement by NS is noticed when tensile strength increased from 26 to 31 MPa and on the maximum thermal degradation temperature by 21 °C increment from the neat PU. In contrast, the soft segmental dynamics are triggered with the presence of Ti2O3 as indicated in the reduction in glass transition temperature and the 288% improvement in the storage modulus. This study provides an insightful perspective in designing robust PU composites, effective for myriad applications including strong and flexible films in circuit boards and photovoltaic (PV) cells.
Membrane properties of sulfonated polytriazoles with molecular branching
Authors: Singh Asheesh , Chaterjee Rimpa , Ghorai Arijit , Banerjee Susanta 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe incorporation of branching units in the polymer is beneficial in improving many of the polymer properties. This article deals with the synthesis of branched sulfonic acid–based copolytriazoles (PTHPSH‐XX) to prepare freestanding membranes. The copolymers were synthesized by the click reaction of 1,4‐bis(prop‐2‐ynyloxy)benzene, 1,3,5 tris[2‐trifluoromethyl‐4(4‐azidophenyl) phenoxy]benzene (B3), and 4,4′‐diazido‐2,2′‐stilbene disulfonic acid disodium salt. The chemical constructions of the subsequent copolymers were established by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The copolymers showed high thermal stability, low water absorption, and outstanding structural robustness in their hydrated state. The presence of branching segments (B3) in the copolymers contributed to improved peroxide radical resistance and proton conductivity (71–192 mS/cm measured at 90°C) in comparison with their linear analogs. In addition, the membranes exhibited reasonably good set of mechanical properties (TS = 71–53 MPa, YM = 2.76–2.33 GPa). The membranes exhibited phase‐separated morphology in their transmission electron microscope images with ionic domains of 20–160 nm.
The role of tazobactam‐based combinations for the management of infections due to extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase‐producing Enterobacterales: Insights from the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists
Authors: Monogue Marguerite L. , Heil Emily L. , Aitken Samuel L. , Pogue Jason M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractExtended‐spectrum β‐lactamase (ESBL)‐producing Enterobacterales are a global threat to public health due to their antimicrobial resistance profile and, consequently, their limited available treatment options. Tazobactam is a sulfone β‐lactamase inhibitor with in vitro inhibitory activity against common ESBLs in Enterobacterales, including CTX‐M. However, the role of tazobactam‐based combinations in treating infections caused by ESBL‐producing Enterobacterales remains unclear. In the United States, two tazobactam‐based combinations are available, piperacillin‐tazobactam and ceftolozane‐tazobactam. We evaluated and compared the roles of tazobactam‐based combinations against ESBL‐producing organisms with emphasis on pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic exposures in relation to MIC distributions and established breakpoints, clinical outcomes data specific to infection site, and considerations for downstream effects with these agents regarding antimicrobial resistance development. While limited data with ceftolozane‐tazobactam are encouraging for its potential role in infections due to ESBL‐producing Enterobacterales, further evidence is needed to determine its place in therapy. Conversely, currently available microbiologic, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and clinical data do not suggest a role for piperacillin‐tazobactam, and we caution clinicians against its usage for these infections.
Teaching English to Special Educational Need Students through an Online Tool
Authors: Barros del Río María Amor , Sigona Concetta Maria , Blázquez Arribas Leticia , Alcalde Peñalver Elena 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLanguage learning through online tools has become customary, especially during COVID‐19 pandemic, but this type of education does not always consider the requirements for students with special educational needs (SEN) despite teachers struggle to include disabled students in online teaching. This article presents the educational potential of using Universal Design for Learning (UDL) and Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) to help SEN students learn English. First, a theoretical framework that covers the basis of the En‐Abilities project and the UDL pedagogical principles that sustain the platform organisation and contents is provided. Then, practical examples of some of the activities and the results gathered after its practical implementation are shown. In the conclusions, achievements are summarised and new paths to explore in the field of foreign languages learning for students with SEN are foreseen.
Symbolic homogenization and structure optimization for a periodically perforated cylindrical shell
Authors: Hauck Michael , Orlik Julia , Levandovskyy Viktor , Lykhachova Olga 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe main focus of this paper lies in the drastic model reduction for a complex multi‐scale problem of linear elasticity. The core of the work lies in the structural optimization of periodic perforated cylindrical shells under a given load on a small portion of the surface. Periodic structure of the shell is a frame of beams. Algorithm presented in the paper utilizes two our recent analysis works on homogenization and dimension reduction of the problem in the perforated 3D shell to two‐dimensional homogenized shell, and then dimension reduction w.r.t. the beam thickness in auxiliary cell‐problems to problem on a frame of beams, by asymptotic method. In this paper, we found the analytical solution for the orthotropic cylindrical shell, obtained in the limit, by variable separation and Fourier analysis. The solution depends explicitly on the effective properties, which are computed symbolically, and on the design variables of the structure. Cell‐problems are solved by symbolic means and the structural design for this type of the loading has been optimized. Moreover, this yields a semi‐analytic optimization problem and the practical usage of the underlying theoretical derivation. We stress that the homogenization and dimension reduction of a shell with holes and the analytic solution to the corresponding macroscopic problem are new.
Thermodynamic modeling of a laser pulse heating in a rotating microelongated nonlocal thermoelastic solid due to G‐N theory
Authors: Hilal Mohamed I. M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRotation of a linear and homogenous microelongated thermoelastic medium with a uniform angular velocity are discussed in the present paper. The studied problem was considered as a perfecting conducting medium which irradiated by a non‐gaussian laser beam. The nonlocal thermoelasticity theory was motivated to discuss the model with the energy dissipation in Green‐Naghdi type III. Fourier and Laplace transforms are used to obtain the solution of the problem and get the considered physical quantities. The comparisons were computed numerically and represented graphically with different cases. The obtained results are applicable in many fields as earthquake engineering, nuclear physics, and manufacturing. It is found that the obtained results are significant.
A Functionally-Fitted Block Numerov Method for Solving Second-Order Initial-Value Problems with Oscillatory Solutions
Authors: Abdulganiy R. I. , Ramos Higinio , Akinfenwa O. A. , Okunuga S. A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA functionally-fitted Numerov-type method is developed for the numerical solution of second-order initial-value problems with oscillatory solutions. The basis functions are considered among trigonometric and hyperbolic ones. The characteristics of the method are studied, particularly, it is shown that it has a third order of convergence for the general second-order ordinary differential equation, $$y''=f \left( x,y,y' \right) $$

y

′
′

=
f

x
,
y
,

y
′

, it is a fourth order convergent method for the special second-order ordinary differential equation, $$y''=f \left( x,y\right) $$

y

′
′

=
f

x
,
y

. Comparison with other methods in the literature, even of higher order, shows the good performance of the proposed method.