bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Petroleum Geology in Deepwater Settings in a Passive Continental Margin of a Marginal Sea: A Case Study from the South China Sea
Authors: ZHANG Gongcheng , FENG Congjun , YAO Xingzong , JI Mo , YANG Haizhang , QU Hongjun , ZENG Qingbo , ZHAO Zhao , SUN Rui 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDeepwater oil and gas exploration has become a global hotspot in recent years and the study of the deep waters of marginal seas is an important frontier research area. The South China Sea (SCS) is a typical marginal sea that includes Paleo SCS and New SCS tectonic cycles. The latter includes continental marginal rifting, intercontinental oceanic expansion and oceanic shrinking, which controlled the evolution of basins, and the generation, migration and accumulation of hydrocarbons in the deepwater basins on the continental margin of the northern SCS. In the Paleogene, the basins rifted along the margin of the continent and were filled mainly with sediments in marine‐continental transitional environments. In the Neogene–Quaternary, due to thermal subsidence, neritic‐abyssal facies sediments from the passive continental margin of the SCS mainly filled the basins. The source rocks include mainly Oligocene coal‐bearing deltaic and marine mudstones, which were heated by multiple events with high geothermal temperature and terrestrial heat flow, resulting in the generation of gas and oil. The faults, diapirs and sandstones controlled the migration of hydrocarbons that accumulated principally in a large canyon channel, a continental deepwater fan, and a shelf‐margin delta.
Seismic Recognition and Origin of Miocene Meishan Formation Contourite Deposits in the Southern Qiongdongnan Basin, Northern South China Sea
Authors: FENG Yangwei , REN Yan , LYU Chengfu , ZHANG Peng , CHEN Ying , JIN Li 
Published: January 2021

AbstractResearch into the contourite deposits in the Upper Meishan Formation of the southern Qiongdongnan Basin in South China Sea is weak; their characteristics, distribution and original geological conditions are not clear. Using geological and geophysical methods including seismic and drilling data, based on seismic reflection characteristics, geometrical configuration description, and wave impedance inversion, two types of contourite deposits are recognized. Contourite deposits have blurred boundaries between each deposit and disordered internal seismic reflections; They are mound‐shaped only in transverse section, and banded in the longitudinal direction. Type I contourite deposits are conical, with medium‐high amplitude, low‐continuity, low‐frequency mound‐shaped seismic facies, and subparallel‐chaotic reflections internally. These deposits are conical with sharp tops, the canal between mounds is V‐shaped and deep. The western wing is gentle and the eastern wing is steep, with the slope toe mostly between 10° and 20°, and width height ratio about 1–2. Type II contourite deposits are flat, exhibiting medium‐amplitude, medium‐continuity, low‐frequency mound‐shaped seismic facies, with subparallel weak reflections internally. Their mounds are flat with gently arced tops, with shallow canals between. The slope toe is between 5° and 10°, with a width height ratio of about 2–5. The wave impedance value of these contourite deposits is 4.6 kg/m3×m/s to 6.8 kg/m3×m/s, about 5.8 kg/m3×m/s on average, which is presumed to represent marly‐calcareous clastic sediments. The contourite deposits mainly develop beneath the slope break at the margin of the fault‐controlled platform in the Southern Uplift zone of the basin. In plane view, they are distributed approaching a west‐to‐east direction, and in section, lie in low‐lying areas near the faults at fault‐controlled terraces of the Southern Uplift zone, with a paleo‐current direction nearly west‐to‐east. The paleotectonic setting of the gentle monoclinic platform was favorable for the development of such contourite deposits. The intensification of the Mid‐Miocene deepest bottom current gave rise to the contourite‐forming currents around the Southern Uplift zone in the northern South China Sea, which flow from Hainan Island to the Xisha Trough in a nearly west‐to‐east direction leading to the contourite deposits developing in the late Mid‐Miocene transgressive environment, with multiple slow sea‐level fall cycles.
Cenozoic Sea‐land Transition and its Petroleum Geological Significance in the Northern South China Sea
Authors: ZHAO Zhigang , ZHANG Hao , CUI Yuchi , TANG Wu , QIAO Peijun 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe process of Cenozoic sea‐land changes in the northern South China Sea (SCS) controlled the sedimentary filling pattern and played an important role in the petroleum geological characteristics of the northern marginal sedimentary basins. Under the control of the opening process of the SCS, the northern SCS Cenozoic transgression generally showed the characteristics of early in the east and late in the west, and early in the south and late in the north. The initial transgression occurred in the Eocene in the Taixinan Basin (TXNB) of the eastern SCS, while the transgression occurred until the Pliocene in the Yinggehai Basin (YGHB) of the western SCS. International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) expeditions (Expeditions 367/368) revealed that the initial transgression of the SCS basin occurred at approximately 34 Ma, which was the initial opening time of the SCS. The period of drastic changes in the sedimentary environment caused by large‐scale transgression corresponded to the opening time of the southwestern subbasin (approximately 23 Ma), which also represented the peak of the spreading of the SCS. The sea‐land transition process controls the distribution of alternating continent‐marine facies, marine facies source rocks and reservoirs in the basins. The marine facies source rocks of the basins in the northern SCS have a trend of gradually becoming younger from east to west, which is consistent with the regional process of gradual transgression from east to west. Regional sea‐level changes were comprehensively influenced by SCS opening and global sea‐level changes. These processes led to the early development in the east and south and late development in the west and north for the carbonate platform in the SCS. Carbonate platforms form another type of “self‐generating and self‐accumulating” oil‐gas reservoir in the northern SCS. The sea‐land transition controlled the depositional filling patterns of different basins and laid the foundation of marine deposits for oil and gas resources. The source‐reservoir‐cap assemblage in the northern SCS was controlled horizontally by provenance supply and sedimentary environmental changes caused by sea‐land transition and vertically by the tectonic evolution of the SCS and regional sea‐level changes.
Reservoir Characteristics and Genetic Mechanisms of the Mesozoic Granite Buried Hills in the Deep‐water of the Qiongdongnan Basin, Northern South China Sea
Authors: YOU Li , XU Shouli , MAO Xuelian , ZHONG Jia , JIAO Yaoqi , XIONG Xiaofeng 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDue to its structure, rock and mineral composition, fluid and other factors, the granite Buried Hill Reservoir is highly heterogeneous with a complex longitudinal structure and a reservoir space made up of a combination of dissolution pores and fractures. This paper is based on current understanding of tectonic evolution in the northern part of the South China Sea, in conjunction with the seismic phase characteristics. It is determined that the meshed fault system was formed by three stages of movement ‐ tectonic compression orogeny during the Indochinese epoch, strike‐slip compression‐tension during the Yanshanian Period, early fracture extension activation during the Himalayan – which controlled the distribution of the Buried Hill Reservoir. Drilling revealed two types of buried hills, faulted anticline and fault horst, their longitudinal structure and the reservoir space type being significantly different. The mineral composition, reservoir space and diagenetic characteristics of the reservoir rocks and minerals were analyzed by lithogeochemistry, microsection and logging etc., it thus being determined that the Mesozoic rocks of the Songnan Low Uplift in the Qiongdongnan Basin are mainly composed of syenogranite, granodiorite, monzogranite, which is the material basis for the development of the Buried Hill Reservoir. The content of felsic and other brittle minerals is more than 70%, making it easy for it to be transformed into fractures. At the same time, the weathering resistance of granodiorite and monzogranite is weaker than that of syenogranite, which is easily weathered and destroyed, forming a thick sand gravel weathering zone. With increasing depth of burial, weathering and dissolution gradually weaken, the deep acidic fluid improving the reservoir property of internal fractures and expanding the vertical distribution range of the reservoirs. The research results lay a foundation for the exploration of Buried Hill in the deep‐water area of the Qiongdongnan Basin.
Refractive precision in uncomplicated eyes with pseudoexfoliation: three‐piece versus one‐piece intraocular lens implantation
Authors: Onur Ismail Umut , Kırık Furkan , Yiğit Fadime Ulviye , Vural Asli Deger , Cavusoglu Ercan , Evcimen Yusuf 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the refractive precision of three‐piece versus one‐piece intraocular lenses (IOLs) in eyes with pseudoexfoliation (PXF) and changes in anterior chamber depth (ACD) following cataract surgery.MethodsThis prospective, nonrandomized, interventional, comparative case series included PXF eyes, which were implanted with one‐piece acrylic IOL or three‐piece acrylic IOLs (Group A; n = 31, Group B; n = 30). Non‐PXF control eyes were implanted with one‐piece acrylic IOL (Group C; n = 30). Postoperative refractive error (RE) and absolute RE, as well as pre‐ to postoperative ACD changes, were statistically analysed. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsChanges in ACD (mean ± standard deviation) in Groups A, B and C were 0.9 ± 0.4, 1.0 ± 0.3 and 0.7 ± 0.4 mm, respectively. Significant differences were found between Groups A and C (p = 0.043) and between Groups B and C (p = 0.008). In Groups A, B and C, the median and interquartile (Q1 to Q3) values were 0.3 (−0.8 to 1.0), −0.5 (−0.8 to −0.3) and 0.1 (−0.4 to 0.3) for RE and 1.0 (0.4 to 1.3), 0.5 (0.3 to 0.8) and 0.3 (0.3 to 0.5) for absolute RE, respectively. The RE differences between Group A and B (p = 0.009) and Group B and C (p < 0.001) were statistically significant. For absolute RE, the differences were significant for all comparisons (p < 0.05).ConclusionRefractive precision in PXF eyes may be better with three‐piece than with one‐piece IOL implantation, but worse than with one‐piece IOL implantation in non‐PXF eyes. Significant changes in ACD in PXF eyes may be related to RE.
Non‐invasive structural and metabolic retinal markers of disease activity in non‐proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Weisner Gwen , Blindbæk Søren Leer , Tang Fang Yao , Cheung Carol Y , Henriksen Jan Erik , Stefánsson Einar , Peto Tunde , Grauslund Jakob 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPurposeMetabolic and structural microvascular retinal alterations are essential components in diabetic retinopathy (DR). The present study aimed to measure changes at different stages of non‐proliferative DR (NPDR) and to explore interactions of imaging‐based metrics.MethodsThis cross‐sectional, cohort study included 139 eyes from 80 diabetic patients. Each patient underwent dilated fundal examinations including colour fundus photography, retinal oximetry and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), analysed by semi‐automated and automated software. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) severity was classified according to the International Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy (ICDR) Severity Scale, ranging from no DR to severe NPDR (level 0–3). Retinal metabolism was evaluated by oximetry as retinal arteriolar (raSatO2) and venular oxygen saturation (rvSatO2), and macular microvascular structure was measured by OCTA as the area of foveal avascular zone (FAZ), vessel density (VD), vessel diameter index (VDI), FAZ circularity and fractal dimension (FD) in the superficial and deep retinal capillary plexus.ResultsA trend for increasing rvSatO2 was found with increasing DR severity (51.3%, 53.3%, 54.2%, 59.8%, p = 0.02). Increasing severity of DR associated with decreasing FD in the superficial and deep plexus (p < 0.001 and p = 0.014), and in the superficial plexus decreasing VD (p < 0.001), increasing VDI (p = 0.003) and decreasing FAZ circularity (p = 0.006). A few interactions were identified between raSatO2, rvSatO2 and VDI, but only in the deep capillary plexus (p < 0.01 and p < 0.01).ConclusionAlterations of the venular retinal vascular oxygen saturation and microvascular structural abnormities were found continuously throughout the DR‐spectrum. Given the sparse correlations between metabolic and structural abnormalities, it seems that these occur independently in DR.
Material as actor in the enactment of social norms: Engaging with a sociomaterial perspective in childhood studies to avoid the ‘traps of closure’
Authors: Sørenssen Ingvild Kvale , Franck Karianne 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis article employs a sociomaterial perspective and explores how material artefacts take part in the enactment of social norms by analysing empirical examples from two different childhood studies projects in Norway. Drawing on interview data with tweens, (children aged 8–12), and observational data from an early education and care institution (ECEC), we argue that material, in this case toys and makeup, make a difference in the enactment of social norms in children's everyday lives. Our aim is to demonstrate the malleability of a sociomaterial perspective and show how this can lead to new insights and open childhood studies as a field.
The distinct roles of myosin IIA and IIB under compression stress in nucleus pulposus cells
Authors: Ke Wencan , Wang Bingjin , Hua Wenbin , Song Yu , Lu Saideng , Luo Rongjin , Li Gaocai , Wang Kun , Liao Zhiwei , Xiang Qian , Li Shuai , Wu Xinghuo , Zhang Yukun , Yang Cao 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectivesInappropriate or excessive compression applied to intervertebral disc (IVD) contributes substantially to IVD degeneration. The actomyosin system plays a leading role in responding to mechanical stimuli. In the present study, we investigated the roles of myosin II isoforms in the compression stress‐induced senescence of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells.Material and methodsNucleus pulposus cells were exposed to 1.0 MPa compression for 0, 12, 24 or 36 hours. Immunofluorescence and co‐immunoprecipitation analysis were used to measure the interaction of myosin IIA and IIB with actin. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect nuclear expression and nuclear localization of MRTF‐A. In addition, the expression levels of p‐RhoA/RhoA, ROCK1/2 and p‐MLC/MLC were measured in human NP cells under compression stress and in degenerative IVD tissues.ResultsCompression stress increased the interaction of myosin IIA and actin, while the interaction of myosin IIB and actin was reduced. The actomyosin cytoskeleton remodelling was involved in the compression stress‐induced fibrotic phenotype mediated by MRTF‐A nuclear translocation and inhibition of proliferation in NP cells. Furthermore, RhoA/ROCK1 pathway activation mediated compression stress‐induced human NP cells senescence by regulating the interaction of myosin IIA and IIB with actin.ConclusionsWe for the first time investigated the regulation of actomyosin cytoskeleton in human NP cells under compression stress. It provided new insights into the development of therapy for effectively inhibiting IVD degeneration.
Acetabular shape and orientation of the spastic hip in children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Jóźwiak Marek , Rychlik Michał , Szymczak Wiesław , Grzegorzewski Andrzej , Musielak Bartosz 
Published: January 2021

AimTo see if three‐dimensional (3D) methods could bring new understanding to acetabular changes in shape and orientation in the spastic hip and in which direction(s) acetabular orientation might change, which is crucial for planning appropriate hip correction surgery.MethodWe performed a retrospective study of pelvic computed tomography (CT) examinations in 20 consecutive patients (10 females, 10 males). The mean age of patients was 12 years 9 months (SD 2y; range: 9–16y) at the time of the CT examination. The control group consisted of 18 consecutive pelvic CT examinations (36 acetabula) of deceased individuals (six females, 12 males) aged 4 to 17 years (mean age: 10y 6mo; SD 5y 2mo) whose whole‐body CT scans were taken shortly after their death. We compared 3D CT reconstructions of 28 unstable and dislocated hips in children with bilateral cerebral palsy (Gross Motor Function Classification System levels IV and V) with the unaffected side and typically developing controls to assess spatial orientation (inclination, anteversion, and tilt), acetabular volume, and surface area. Additionally, we analysed the multiple factors that may lead to structural and spatial changes of the acetabulum.ResultsPatients with dislocated and spastic hips had significantly lower anteversion (−3.2° and −1.4° respectively, p<0.001), increased inclination (85.2° and 85.3° respectively, p<0.001), and decreased tilt (24.6° [p=0.014] and 20.7° [p=0.013] respectively) compared with typically developing individuals. Regarding acetabular volume and surface area, dislocated and unstable hips had significantly lower volume (17.6ml vs 31.5ml respectively, p<0.001) and surface area (28.9cm2 vs 36.2cm2 respectively, p<0.001) than unaffected hips. Among several factors, only Reimer’s migration index had an influence on acetabular orientation (i.e. anteversion, p=0.01), volume (p<0.001), and surface (p=0.004).InterpretationAcetabula in patients with spastic hip disease were severely retroverted with increased steepness; acetabular orientation was distorted superoposteriorly. In rare cases, acetabular orientation was distorted only superiorly or superoanteriorly.What this paper adds

Acetabular orientation was distorted superoposteriorly in most patients with severe bilateral cerebral palsy.

More pronounced acetabular changes were found in hips with a higher Reimer’s migration index.
Headache during SARS‐CoV‐2 infection as an early symptom associated with a more benign course of disease: a case–control study
Authors: Gonzalez‐Martinez Alicia , Fanjul Víctor , Ramos Carmen , Serrano Ballesteros Jorge , Bustamante Marta , Villa Martí Almudena , Álvarez Claudia , García del Álamo Yaiza , Vivancos José , Gago‐Veiga Ana Beatriz 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeHeadache is an important manifestation during SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. In this study, the aim was to identify factors associated with headache in COVID‐19 and headache characteristics.MethodsThis case–control study includes COVID‐19 hospitalized patients with pneumonia during March 2020. Controls comprise COVID‐19 patients without headache and the cases are COVID‐19 patients with headache. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were obtained from the medical records. Headache characteristics were evaluated by semi‐structured telephonic interview after discharge.ResultsOf a total of 379 COVID‐19 patients, 48 (13%) developed headache. Amongst these, 30 (62%) were men and the median age was 57.9 (47–73) years. Headache was associated with younger age, fewer comorbidities and reduced mortality, as well as with low levels of C‐reactive protein, mild acute respiratory distress syndrome and oropharyngeal symptoms. A logistic multiple regression model revealed that headache was directly associated with D‐dimer and creatinine levels, the use of high flow nasal cannula and arthromyalgia, whilst urea levels, beta‐lactamic treatment and hypertension were negatively associated with headache. COVID‐19‐associated headache characteristics were available for 23/48 (48%) patients. Headache was the onset symptom in 8/20 (40%) patients, of mild or moderate intensity in 17/20 (85%) patients, with oppressive characteristics in 17/18 (94%) and of holocranial 8/19 (42%) or temporal 7/19 (37%) localization.ConclusionsOur results show that headache is associated with a more benign SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. COVID‐19‐associated headache appears as an early symptom and as a novel headache with characteristics of headache attributed to systemic viral infection. Further research addressing the underlying mechanisms to confirm these findings is warranted.
Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell‐derived extracellular vesicles impede the progression of cervical cancer via the miR‐144‐3p/CEP55 pathway
Authors: Meng Qin , Zhang Baofang , Zhang Yingming , Wang Shuyan , Zhu Xiaohui 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCervical cancer is the most common gynaecological malignancy, with a high incidence rate and mortality rate in middle‐aged women. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) have been implicated in the initiation and subsequent development of cancer, along with the involvement of extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediating intracellular communication by delivering microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs). This study is aimed at investigating the physiological mechanisms by which EVs‐encapsulated miR‐144‐3p derived from hBMSCs might mediate the progression of cervical cancer. The expression profiles of centrosomal protein, 55 Kd (CEP55) and miR‐144‐3p in cervical cancer cell lines and tissues, were quantified by RT‐qPCR and Western blot analysis. The binding affinity between miR‐144‐3p and CEP55 was identified using in silico analysis and luciferase activity determination. Cervical cancer cells were co‐cultured with EVs derived from hBMSCs that were treated with either miR‐144‐3p mimic or miR‐144‐3p inhibitor. Cervical cancer cell proliferation, invasion, migration and apoptosis were detected in vitro. The effects of hBMSCs‐miR‐144‐3p on tumour growth were also investigated in vivo. miR‐144‐3p was down‐regulated, whereas CEP55 was up‐regulated in cervical cancer cell lines and tissues. CEP55 was targeted by miR‐144‐3p, which suppressed cervical cancer cell proliferation, invasion and migration and promoted apoptosis via CEP55. Furthermore, similar results were obtained by hBMSCs‐derived EVs carrying miR‐144‐3p. In vivo assays confirmed the tumour‐suppressive effects of miR‐144‐3p in hBMSCs‐derived EVs on cervical cancer. Collectively, hBMSCs‐derived EVs‐loaded miR‐144‐3p impedes the development and progression of cervical cancer through target inhibition of CEP55, therefore providing us with a potential therapeutic target for treating cervical cancer.