bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Let’s talk about sex: Discourses on sexual relations, sugar dating and “prostitution-like” behaviour in drug treatment for young people
Authors: Andersen Ditte , Thing Ida Friis 
Published: June 2021

Background: Sexual relations are a recurrent theme in drug treatment that aims for a holistic inclusion of concerns considered important in young people's lives. Nevertheless, it remains understudied how counselors attend to this theme Aim: To investigate the discourses on sexual relations in drug treatment for young people provided by the Scandinavian welfare state of Denmark Analysis: Drawing on qualitative interviews with 16 counselors the analysis first identifies three discourses that legitimize sexual relations as a theme in drug treatment by linking the theme to a) pleasure, b) risks, and c) problems. These discourses legitimize the theme by constructing sexual relations as part of the good life, as potentially harmful, or as related to past trauma triggering present problems. Second, the analysis identifies a gendered storyline on sexual relations in exchange economies, e.g., sugar dating, described by some counselors as “prostitution-like” behavior. Findings: The gendered storyline is almost exclusively linked to young women's behavior and produces a gendered shame by indicating deviant femininity. Simultaneously, the storyline taboos how the young men may experience vulnerable sexual relations in exchange economies Conclusion: Alternative discourses can provide a broader repertoire of subject positions to the benefit of all genders.
Pediatric evidence-based imaging guidelines for adult trauma providers significantly reduces radiation exposure to children
Authors: Wu Anna , Edwards Mary J , Le Rachel , Ata Ashar , Adderly Jasmine , Savage Colleen , Rosati Carl , Edwards Kurt , Duncan Luke 
Published: June 2021

Introduction Evidence suggests that stand-alone pediatric trauma centers outperform adult and combined adult/pediatric trauma centers in limiting radiation exposure to injured children. We sought to determine the impact of implementing evidence-based guidelines for pediatric imaging at a combined adult (level 1) and pediatric (level 2) center. The initiative focused on trauma/critical care surgeons as the pediatric surgeons did not participate in the resuscitation and initial evaluation of injured children. Methods Imaging guidelines were developed from existing clinical studies. After 3 months of education, guidelines were implemented, and regular feedback was given to providers regarding compliance. Data were collected from the trauma registry for all pediatric patients (aged less than 15 years), in calendar years 2017 (pre-guideline) and 2019 (post-guideline). All admissions were analyzed, with subgroup analysis of children with multisystem trauma admitted to the trauma surgery service. Results Following guideline implementation, mean computed tomography (CT) scans per injured child fell by over 50% (.93 vs .45). For patients admitted to the trauma service, the mean fell by 58% (1.82 vs 0.76). The number of patients receiving more than 1 CT significantly decreased for all children (26% vs 10%), and particularly those admitted to the trauma service (52% vs 17%). During this time, there was only one injury missed at the initial admission, which was clinically insignificant (non-displaced skull fracture). Conclusions Implementation of evidence-based guidelines for imaging eliminates disparity in practices between a combined adult/pediatric trauma center and stand-alone pediatric trauma centers.
Values and control in type 1 diabetes beyond glycemic outcomes: A qualitative interview study of everyday life with an insulin pump
Authors: Cleal Bryan , Nexø Mette Andersen , Schmidt Signe , Rytter Karen , Nørgaard Kirsten , Willaing Ingrid 
Published: June 2021

Objectives Diabetes technology provides people with diabetes with new opportunities, but the transformations allowed by new technology do not necessarily provide improvements in clinical metrics applied in diabetes care. This study seeks to understand how everyday life impacts on the way people use diabetes technology and how this influences diabetes care. Methods Individual semi-structured qualitative interviews with 21 adults with type 1 diabetes treated with insulin pumps were recruited from two Danish diabetes outpatient clinics. Data were analyzed abductively and interpreted according to predetermined and emergent perspectives. Results Transformations in care practices derived from new technological therapies were generally well-supported by healthcare providers, but adaptation to everyday life was often challenging. More advanced technology enabled people to better control diabetes, but the control they sought was defined by individual life experiences/factors. Work involved in controlling blood glucose could cause a sense of feeling controlled by diabetes in everyday life. Discussion Everyday life with diabetes is often characterized by uncertainty and individual coping strategies are imbued with values that extend beyond purely clinical concerns and reflect the sociality of everyday life. The social values influencing individual decision-making regarding diabetes technology could be effectively expanded and enhanced with integrated peer-supported learning.
Effect of Inflammatory Signaling on Human Articular Chondrocyte Hypertrophy: Potential Involvement of Tissue Repair Macrophages
Authors: Ferrao Blanco Mauricio N. , Bastiaansen-Jenniskens Yvonne M. , Chambers Mark G. , Pitsillides Andrew A. , Narcisi Roberto , van Osch Gerjo J.V.M. 
Published: June 2021

Objective In osteoarthritis, chondrocytes tend to acquire a hypertrophic phenotype, which contributes to the modification of the extracellular matrix, resulting in permanent cartilage changes. In mouse chondrocytes, pro-inflammatory macrophages and pro-inflammatory cytokines have been shown to stimulate hypertrophy via the activation of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. Whether or not this also occurs in human chondrocytes remains unclear. We therefore aimed to investigate whether hypertrophy-like responses in human cartilage are driven mainly by intrinsic inflammatory signaling or shaped by specific macrophage populations. Design Human articular chondrocytes were cultured with pro-inflammatory cytokines or medium conditioned by defined macrophage subsets. Furthermore, the effect of inhibition of NF-κB-dependent gene expression was evaluated using the NF-κB inhibitor SC-514. Hypertrophy was assessed by measuring the transcription level of alkaline phosphatase ( ALPL), type X collagen ( COL10A1), Indian hedgehog ( IHH), and runt-related transcription factor 2 ( RUNX2). Results The expression of hypertrophic genes was not promoted in human chondrocytes by pro-inflammatory cytokines neither pro-inflammatory M(IFNγ + TNFα) macrophages. Inhibition of the NF-κB-dependent gene expression did not affect human articular chondrocyte hypertrophy. However, tissue repair M(IL4) macrophages induced hypertrophy by promoting the expression of COL10A1, RUNX2, and IHH. Conclusion Intrinsic inflammatory signaling activation is not involved in the hypertrophic shift observed in human articular chondrocytes cultured in vitro. However, tissue repair macrophages may contribute to the onset of this detrimental phenotype in human osteoarthritic cartilage, given the effect observed in our experimental models.
Declarative Specifications for Pharmaceutical Robotics Systems
Authors: Rodziewicz Pawel 
Published: June 2021

Today, the automation of pharmaceutical labs has become increasingly important due to more complex drug discovery techniques. While it substantially improves the drug discovery process, most robotics systems still require manual tuning by a pharmaceutical researcher. These robotics systems contain a controller, which manages workflow by using a simple procedural programming language and a simple scheduler. At ReTiSoft we believe that these robotics systems should be seamlessly modified to accept declarative specifications from a pharmaceutical researcher, in particular, the robotics systems should only be notified about the microplate processing time at each station. In this paper, we will describe the limitations of current pharmaceutical robotics systems. Then, we will define a computational model of the problem, and introduce the architectural design of our “declarative” robotics system simulator. Finally, Section 4 outlines the inherent benefits of our research.
Leiyomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava with right renal invasion: about a case report
Authors: Bilgo Abdoulazizi , Saouli Amine , Zerda Ilyass , Zouaidia Fouad , Karmouni Tarik , Khader Khalid El , Koutani Abdellatif , Andalousi Ahmed Iben Attya 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundLeiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava (IVC) is a rare tumor that develops from the wall of the IVC and can be confused with many other retroperitoneal tumors. We report the observation of a man with leiomyosarcoma of the vena cava which invades the right kidney.Case presentation56-year-old man who has seen progress for right back pain for over a year. His thoraco-abdominal-pelvic scanner found a right tumor process measuring 18 × 13 × 18 cm invading the right kidney and the inferior vena cava, heterogeneous in nature, which is enhanced after injection of iodinated contrast product, pushing back the liver and the gall bladder. A border of separation persisted between the mass and the abdominal and thoracic walls. His biological assessment was normal. He underwent an open right nephrectomy with intraoperative bleeding requiring a transfusion of 2 red blood cells. The patient's follow-up period was 8 months without local recurrence or secondary localization.ConclusionThe LMS of IVC is a tumor whose management is not yet well codified. Surgery is the only therapeutic means that gives good results, when it is possible. But long-term recurrences remain frequent, which therefore requires prolonged monitoring of these patients.
A new, reliable, and high-throughput strategy to screen bacteria for antagonistic activity against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Park Soyoun , Classen Adam , Gohou Hanny Maeva , Maldonado Roberto , Kretschmann Emily , Duvernay Chloe , Kim Geun-Joong , Ronholm Jennifer 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clones have emerged globally over the last few decades. Probiotics have been actively studied as an alternative to antibiotics to prevent and treat S. aureus infections, but identifying new probiotic bacteria, that have antagonistic activity against S. aureus, is difficult since traditional screening strategies are time-consuming and expensive. Here, we describe a new plasmid-based method which uses highly stable plasmids to screen bacteria with antagonistic activity against S. aureus.

Results
We have created two recombinant plasmids (pQS1 and pQS3) which carry either gfpbk or mCherry under the control of a S. aureus quorum-sensing (QS) promoter (agrP3). Using this recombinant plasmid pair, we tested 81 bacteria isolated from Holstein dairy milk to identify bacteria that had growth-inhibiting activity against S. aureus and suggest potential explanations for the growth inhibition. The stability test illustrated that pQS1 and pQS3 remained highly stable for at least 24 h in batch culture conditions without selection pressure from antibiotics. This allowed co-culturing of S. aureus with other bacteria. Using the newly developed pQS plasmids, we found commensal bacteria, isolated from raw bovine milk, which had growth-inhibiting activity (n = 13) and quorum-quenching (QQ) activity (n = 13) towards both S. aureus Sa25 (CC97) and Sa27 (CC151). The pQS-based method is efficient and effective for simultaneously screening growth-inhibiting and QQ bacteria against S. aureus on agar media.

Conclusions
It was shown that growth-inhibiting and QQ activity toward pQS plasmid transformants of S. aureus can be simultaneously monitored by observing the zone of growth inhibition and reporter protein inhibition on agar plates. Newly identified antagonistic bacteria and their functional biomolecules are promising candidates for future development of probiotic drugs and prophylactics/therapeutics for bacterial infections including S. aureus. Furthermore, this new approach can be a useful method to find bacteria that can be used to prevent and treat S. aureus infections in both humans and animals.
Assessment of electrocardiogram abnormality and associated factors among apparently healthy adult type 2 diabetic patients on follow-up at Jimma Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia: Cross-sectional study
Authors: Bedane Deriba A. , Tadesse Samuel , Bariso Moyeta , Reta Wondu , Desu Gaddisa 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundDiabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders causing long-term damage to the cardiovascular system which remains asymptomatic among diabetic patients. An electrocardiograph is a simple and first-line tool in the screening of cardiovascular diseases.ObjectiveTo assess electrocardiogram abnormality and associated factors among apparently healthy adult type 2 diabetes patients on follow-up at Jimma Medical Center, 2019.Materials and methodsInstitutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 1 to May 30, 2019, at Jimma Medical Center among selected type 2 diabetes patients. Systematic random sampling was employed to select the study participants. The World Health Organization stepwise approach and interviewer-administered semi-structured questionnaires were employed to collect basic data. Resting Electrocardiography was done using a standard 12-lead electrocardiograph machine. The collected data were checked for completeness, coded, entered into the Epi-data Version 4.0.2. and exported to SPSS Version 21. Descriptive statistics like frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviations were carried out. Binary and multiple logistic regression was done and apvalue of less than 0.05 was used as a level of significance.ResultsA total of 344 type 2 diabetes patients were interviewed and underwent electrocardiography making a 100% response rate. Electrocardiographic abnormality was identified among 209 (61%) of the respondents. Not attending formal education [AOR = 3.07, 95%, CI = 1.37–6.87], solid oil use, [AOR = 1.79, 95%, CI = 1.07–2.98], body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2[AOR = 2.74, 95%, CI = 1.67–4.50] and long duration of diabetes ≥ 10 years [AOR = 3.36, 95%, CI = 1.46–7.71] were associated with electrocardiogram abnormality.Conclusionsand recommendationIn this study, the majority (3/5th) of the participant had electrocardiogram abnormality. Not attending formal education, longer duration of diabetes ≥ 10 years, solid oil use, and increased body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2were independent predictors of electrocardiographic abnormality. Integrating electrocardiogram screening in routine diabetic management can pick cardiac complications of diabetes.
How to analyze work productivity loss due to health problems in randomized controlled trials? A simulation study
Authors: Zhang Wei , Sun Huiying 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
An increasing number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have measured the impact of interventions on work productivity loss. Productivity loss outcome is inflated at zero and max loss values. Our study was to compare the performance of five commonly used methods in analysis of productivity loss outcomes in RCTs.

Methods
We conducted a simulation study to compare Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Negative Binominal (NB), two-part models (the non-zero part following truncated NB distribution or gamma distribution) and three-part model (the middle part between zero and max values following Beta distribution). The main number of observations each arm, Nobs, that we considered were 50, 100 and 200. Baseline productivity loss was included as a covariate.

Results
All models performed similarly well when baseline productivity loss was set at the mean value. When baseline productivity loss was set at other values and Nobs = 50 with ≤5 subjects having max loss, two-part models performed best if the proportion of zero loss> 50% in at least one arm and otherwise, OLS performed best. When Nobs = 100 or 200, the three-part model performed best if the two arms had equal scale parameters for their productivity loss outcome distributions between zero and max values.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that when treatment effect at any given values of one single covariate is of interest, the model selection depends on the sample size, the proportions of zero loss and max loss, and the scale parameter for the productivity loss outcome distribution between zero and max loss in each arm of RCTs.
Alignment between the patient’s cancer worry and the GP’s cancer suspicion and the association with the interval between first symptom presentation and referral: a cross-sectional study in Denmark
Authors: Virgilsen Line Flytkjær , Pedersen Anette Fischer , Vedsted Peter , Petersen Gitte Stentebjerg , Jensen Henry 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
General practitioners (GPs) have a key role in the diagnosis of cancer. It is crucial to identify factors influencing the decision to refer for suspected cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the alignment between the patient’s cancer worry and the GP’s suspicion of cancer in the first clinical encounter and the association with the time interval from the first symptom presentation until the first referral to specialist care, i.e. the primary care interval (PCI).

Method
The study was performed as a cross-sectional study using survey data on patients diagnosed with incident cancer in 2010 or 2016 and their GPs in Denmark. We defined four alignment groups: 1) patient worry and GP suspicion, 2) GP suspicion only, 3) patient worry only, and 4) none of the two. A long PCI was defined as an interval longer than the 75th percentile.

Results
Among the 3333 included patients, both patient worry and GP suspicion was seen in 39.5%, only GP suspicion was seen in 28.2%, only patient worry was seen in 13.6%, and neither patient worry nor GP suspicion was seen in 18.2%. The highest likelihood of long PCI was observed in group 4 (group 4 vs. group 1: PPR 3.99 (95% CI 3.34–4.75)), mostly pronounced for easy-to-diagnose cancer types.

Conclusion
Misalignment between the patient’s worry and the GP’s suspicion was common at the first cancer-related encounter. Importance should be given to the patient interview, due to a potential delayed GP referral among patients diagnosed with “easy-to-diagnose” cancer types presenting with unspecific symptoms.
Archiving time series sewage samples as biological records of built environments
Authors: Thaler David S. , Sakmar Thomas P. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis commentary encourages the regular archiving of nucleic-acid-stabilized serial samples of wastewaters and/or sewage. Stabilized samples would facilitate retrospective reconstitution of built environments’ biological fluids. Biological time capsules would allow retrospective searches for nucleic acids from viruses such as SARS-CoV-2. Current resources for testing need not be diverted if samples are saved in case they become important in the future. Systematic storage would facilitate investigation into the origin and prevalence of viruses and other agents. Comparison of prevalence data from individual and clinical samplings with community wastewater would allow valuable comparison, contrast and correlation among different testing modalities. Current interest is focused on SARS-CoV-2, but archived samples could become valuable in many contexts including surveys for other infectious and chemical agents whose identity is not currently known. Archived time series of wastewater will take their place alongside other biological repositories and records including those from medical facilities, museums, eDNA, living cell and tissue collections. Together these will prove invaluable records of the evolving Anthropocene.
Risk factors for mortality in critically ill patients with COVID-19: a multicenter retrospective case-control study
Authors: Gao Jinghua , Zhong Li , Wu Ming , Ji Jingjing , Liu Zheying , Wang Conglin , Xie Qifeng , Liu Zhifeng 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread around the world, until now, the number of positive and death cases is still increasing. Therefore, it remains important to identify risk factors for death in critically patients.

Methods
We collected demographic and clinical data on all severe inpatients with COVID-19. We used univariable and multivariable Cox regression methods to determine the independent risk factors related to likelihood of 28-day and 60-day survival, performing survival curve analysis.

Results
Of 325 patients enrolled in the study, Multi-factor Cox analysis showed increasing odds of in-hospital death associated with basic illness (hazard ratio [HR] 6.455, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.658–25.139, P = 0.007), lymphopenia (HR 0.373, 95% CI 0.148–0.944, P = 0.037), higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score on admission (HR 1.171, 95% CI 1.013–1.354, P = 0.033) and being critically ill (HR 0.191, 95% CI 0.053–0.687, P = 0.011). Increasing 28-day and 60-day mortality, declining survival time and more serious inflammation and organ failure were associated with lymphocyte count < 0.8 × 109/L, SOFA score > 3, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score > 7, PaO2/FiO2 < 200 mmHg, IL-6 > 120 pg/ml, and CRP > 52 mg/L.

Conclusions
Being critically ill and lymphocyte count, SOFA score, APACHE II score, PaO2/FiO2, IL-6, and CRP on admission were associated with poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients.
Work ability of Thai older Workers in Southern Thailand: a comparison of formal and informal sectors
Authors: Thanapop Sasithorn , Thanapop Chamnong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Thai society is becoming an ageing society. Independent older persons need to be able to continue to work after retirement. The Work Ability Index (WAI) is an assessment tool for improving the health and work environment of the older workers. The objective of this study is to explore work ability and its related factors among older workers in formal and informal sectors in southern Thailand.

Methods
This cross-sectional study with multistage sampling focused on 324 Thai older workers, aged between 45 and 70 years, working in Nakhon Si Thammarat province. Data on sociodemographic status, health history, and work-related factor questionnaires were collected, including anthropometric measures and the WAI instrument between March and September 2019. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were used to examine associations.

Results
The participants were predominantly general labourers (23.8%) and female (70.7%). Nearly half of them had noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCDs) (48.2%) and were obese (more than 60%). Approximately 60% (59.9%) engaged in safe working practices. The participants sometimes received occupational health services (51.9%) and frequently accessed health promotion services (78.1%). There was a significant difference in the total average WAI score of the formal and informal workers: 40.6 (S.D. = 4.6) and 37.5 (S.D. = 5.0), respectively. The multivariate analysis showed that workers aged 55 years and older (adj. OR = 1.45; 95% CI [1.21, 1.74]), those with NCDs (adj. OR = 2.85; 95% CI [1.69, 4.80]), and those who were exposed to unsafe working practices (adj. OR = 2.11; 95% CI [1.26, 3.55]) had a higher risk of a poor to moderate WAI.

Conclusions
Most of the older workers had good to excellent work ability. Older age and the presence of NCDs were negatively associated with good to excellent work ability. Safe working practices improved older workers’ work ability. Integrated occupational health protections and health promotion programmes for older informal workers should be provided by community health services to improve work ability.