bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biological parameters, discolouration and radiopacity of calcium silicate‐based materials in a simulated model of partial pulpotomy
Authors: Oliveira Lilian Vieira , de Souza Gabriela Leite , da Silva Gisele Rodrigues , Magalhães Thamara Eduarda Alves , Freitas Gabrielle Alves Nunes , Turrioni Ana Paula , de Rezende Barbosa Gabriella Lopes , Moura Camilla Christian Gomes 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimTo analyse the discolouration, radiopacity, pH and calcium ion release of Biodentine (BD), Bio‐C repair (BCR) and Bio‐C temp (BCT), as well as their biological effects on human dental pulp cells (hDPCs).MethodologySixty‐four extracted bovine incisors were prepared to simulate crown fractures with pulp exposure and open root apex. The roots were filled using a mixture of agar and blood (control), and BD, BCR or BCT were placed over this mixture. Colour assessment analyses of the samples were performed before and immediately after material insertion and repeated at 30 and 90 days, using a spectrophotometer. The colour change of each specimen was evaluated at the crown and calculated based on the CIELab colour space. Digital radiographs were acquired for radiopacity analysis. hDPCs were placed in contact with different dilutions of culture media previously exposed to such materials and tested for cell viability using the MTT assay. The pH and calcium ion release of all materials were measured after 24 h; the data were assessed using one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Cell viability was analysed by two‐way ANOVA. Differences in colour parameters and wound‐healing data were assessed by two‐way repeated measures ANOVA (α = 0.05). Tukey's and Dunnett's tests were used to compare the experimental groups with the control group.ResultsBCR had grater radiopacity and smaller colour alteration (ΔEab/ΔE00) than the other materials tested (p < .005;p < .001). No significant differences in pH were found amongst the tested materials (p > .05). BCT was associated with the largest release of calcium ions (p < .0001). BD had cell viability similar to that of the control at the lowest dilutions, and BCR was similar to that of the control, regardless of the dilution tested (p > .05). BCT had a lower percentage of viability than that of the control at all tested dilutions (p < .0001). Cell migration rates in BD and BCR were similar to those in the control group after 24 h and 48 h (p > .05), whilst BCT had larger voids than the control in both periods (p < .0001).ConclusionsBCR, BCT and BD were associated with tooth discolouration. BCR had the lowest staining values, the highest radiopacity and viability greater than 80% hDPCs.
Does MTA provide a more favourable histological response than other materials in the repair of furcal perforations? A systematic review
Authors: Pinheiro Lucas Siqueira , Kopper Patricia Maria Poli , Quintana Ramiro Martins , Scarparo Roberta Kochenborger , Grecca Fabiana Soares 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere is no consensus on which furcal perforation repair material induces a more favourable histological response. This systematic review of laboratory studies provides an overview of the studies comparing repair materials in animal models.ObjectivesTo evaluate whether mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) yields a more favourable histological response than other materials when used to repair furcal perforations in animal experimental models.MethodsThis review followed the PRISMA checklist. The studies included various materials used to repair furcal perforations and compared the histological responses with MTA. An electronic search was conducted in EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science up to 2 September 2020, with no language or publication date restrictions. Studies whose full text was unavailable were excluded. The ARRIVE and SYRCLE tools were used to assess the methodological quality and risk of bias (RoB) of the studies.ResultsThe studies included in the qualitative synthesis were conducted in rat (n = 3) and dog (n = 17) models. They were classified as having a low quality, high methodological heterogeneity and high RoB. MTA and Biodentine, the materials most often compared, reduced the inflammatory reaction to mild over time. In addition, a mineralized tissue was formed in all studies. The response yielded by MTA was better than or equivalent to that of the other tested materials.DiscussionThis review confirmed that MTA is the reference standard material for furcal perforation repair. However, research using animal models has inherent limitations, and the substantial methodological heterogeneity across the studies included should be considered. Therefore, the knowledge generated by this systematic review should be translated into clinical practice cautiously.ConclusionsFeatures described in the report and quality assessment guidelines, such as PRIASE, ARRIVE and SYRCLE, should guide researchers. Despite the high RoB and the low methodological quality of the studies included, findings indicated that MTA yields a more favourable histological response than other materials in the repair of furcal perforations.RegistrationPROSPERO (CRD42020181297).
Reduction of dual‐species biofilm after sonic‐ or ultrasonic‐activated irrigation protocols: A laboratory study
Authors: Hoedke Daniela , Kaulika Namira , Dommisch Henrik , Schlafer Sebastian , Shemesh Hagay , Bitter Kerstin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimTo evaluate the antibacterial effect of sonic‐ and ultrasonic‐activated irrigation on bacterial reduction of a dual‐species biofilm in root canals compared to nonactivated irrigation in a laboratory study.MethodologyTwo hundred and forty extracted human single‐rooted maxillary anterior teeth were divided into two main groups (G, n = 120) according to the initial preparation size of the root canal (G1: size 25, 0.06 taper, G2: size 40, 0.06 taper). Root canals were inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus oralis. After 5 days, G1 received combined instrumentation (up to size 40, 0.06 taper) and irrigation/activation, whereas G2 received solely irrigation/activation protocols. In both groups, irrigation was performed with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl 1%) or physiological saline (NaCl 0.9%), using nonactivated syringe irrigation, sonic activation (2 x 30 s) or ultrasonic activation (2 x 30 s). Logarithmic reduction factors (LRFs) of colony‐forming units were analysed separately for dentine‐adherent and planktonic bacteria immediately after irrigation/activation protocols (time‐point 1) or after 5 days of further incubation (time‐point 2) by analysis of variance (anova) and post hoc tests (Tukey's HSD, t‐test). The significance level was set at 0.05.ResultsIn G1 subgroups (combined instrumentation with irrigation/activation), LRFs were significantly affected by the applied irrigation solution (p < .0001), but not by the activation method (p > .05; anova). In G2 subgroups (solely irrigation/activation), both, irrigant solution and activation, significantly affected LRFs (p < .0001, anova). Sonic activation resulted in significantly higher LRFs than ultrasonic activation (p < .0001) which had significantly greater reductions than nonactivated irrigation (p < .05; Tukey's HSD). At T2, strong bacterial regrowth was observed in all groups; however, a significant bacterial reduction was detected for factors instrumentation, irrigant solution and activation (p < .0001; anova). Similar LRFs were found for dentine‐adherent and planktonic bacterial cells in all groups (r = 0.91 at T1, r = 0.8 at T2).ConclusionsIn this laboratory study on extracted maxillary anterior teeth high‐frequency sonic activation resulted in a greater bacterial reduction compared to ultrasonic activation in groups receiving solely irrigation/activation protocols; however, irrigation using NaOCl and ultrasonic activation also contributed significantly to bacterial reduction compared to the control groups.
Social environment affects sensory gene expression in ant larvae
Authors: Pulliainen U. , Morandin C. , Bos N. , Sundström L. , Schultner E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSocial insects depend on communication to regulate social behaviour. This also applies to their larvae, which are commonly exposed to social interactions and can react to social stimulation. However, how social insect larvae sense their environment is not known. Using RNAseq, we characterized expression of sensory‐related genes in larvae of the ant Formica fusca, upon exposure to two social environments: isolation without contact to other individuals, and stimulation via the presence of other developing individuals. Expression of key sensory‐related genes was higher following social stimulation, and larvae expressed many of the same sensory‐related genes as adult ants and larvae of other insects, including genes belonging to the major insect chemosensory gene families. Our study provides first insights into the molecular changes associated with social information perception in social insect larvae.
Linguistic and developmental influences on superordinate facial configuration categorization in infancy
Authors: Ruba Ashley L. , Meltzoff Andrew N. , Repacholi Betty M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHumans perceive emotions in terms of categories, such as “happiness,” “sadness,” and “anger.” To learn these complex conceptual emotion categories, humans must first be able to perceive regularities in expressive behaviors (e.g., facial configurations) across individuals. Recent research suggests that infants spontaneously form “basic‐level” categories of facial configurations (e.g., happy vs. fear), but not “superordinate” categories of facial configurations (e.g., positive vs. negative). The current studies further explore how infant age and language impact superordinate categorization of facial configurations associated with different negative emotions. Across all experiments, infants were habituated to one person displaying facial configurations associated with anger and disgust. While 10‐month‐olds formed a category of person identity (Experiment 1), 14‐month‐olds formed a category that included negative facial configurations displayed by the same person (Experiment 2). However, neither age formed the hypothesized superordinate category of negative valence. When a verbal label (“toma”) was added to each of the habituation events (Experiment 3), 10‐month‐olds formed a category similar to 14‐month‐olds in Experiment 2. These findings intersect a larger conversation about the nature and development of children's emotion categories and highlight the importance of considering developmental processes, such as language learning and attentional/memory development, in the design and interpretation of infant categorization studies.
Development and validation of the Early Executive Functions Questionnaire: A carer‐administered measure of Executive Functions suitable for 9‐ to 30‐month‐olds
Authors: Hendry Alexandra , Holmboe Karla 
Published: August 2021

AbstractExecutive functions (EFs) enable us to control our attention and behavior in order to set and work toward goals. Strong EF skills are linked to better academic performance, and greater health, wealth, and happiness in later life. Research into EF development has been hampered by a lack of scalable measures suitable for infancy through to toddlerhood. The 31‐item Early Executive Functions Questionnaire (EEFQ) complements temperament measures by targeting cognitive and regulatory capabilities. Exploratory Factor Analysis (n = 486 8‐ to 30‐month‐olds) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (n = 317 9‐ to 30‐month‐olds) indicate Inhibitory Control, Flexibility, and Working Memory items load onto a common “Cognitive Executive Function (CEF)” factor, while Regulation items do not. The CEF factor shows strong factorial measurement invariance for sex, and partial strong factorial measurement invariance for age. CEF and Regulation scores show limited floor and ceiling effects, good internal consistency, short‐term stability, and convergent validity with carer‐report measures of attentional control. The EEFQ is sensitive to developmental change. Results indicate that the widely overlooked period between late infancy and early toddlerhood may be a sensitive period for EF development. The low‐resource demands of the EEFQ afford the possibility to study emergent EFs at scale; opening up new opportunities in basic developmental and intervention research.
A multi‐centre, single‐blinded randomised controlled clinical trial evaluating the effect of resorbable glass fibre matrix in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Armstrong David G. , Orgill Dennis P. , Galiano Robert D. , Glat Paul M. , DiDomenico Lawrence A. , Carter Marissa J. , Zelen Charles M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDiabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are at risk for detrimental complications even with current, standard of care (SOC) treatments. The primary objective of this randomised controlled trial was to compare a unique resorbable glass microfiber matrix (Mirragen; Advanced Wound Matrix [BBGFM]; ETS Wound Care, Rolla, Missouri) compared with a standard of care group (SOC, collagen alginate dressing) at 12 weeks. Both groups received standard diabetic foot care including glucose monitoring, weekly debridements when needed and an offloading device. The primary endpoint was proportion of full‐thickness, non‐infected, non‐ischaemic wounds healed at 12 weeks, with secondary endpoints including percent area reduction (PAR) and changes in Semmes‐Weinstein monofilament testing. The result illustrated in the intent‐to‐treat analysis at 12 weeks showed that 70% (14/20) of the BBGFM‐treated DFUs healed compared with 25% (5/20) treated with SOC alone (adjusted P = .006). Mean PAR at 12 weeks was 79% in the BBGFM group compared with 37% in the SOC group (adjusted P = .027). Mean change in neuropathic score between baseline and up to 12 weeks of treatment was 2.0 in the BBGFM group compared with −0.6 in the SOC group where positive improvement in scores are better (adjusted P = .008). The mean number of BBGFM applications was 6.0. In conclusion, adding BBGFM to SOC significantly improved wound healing with no adverse events related to treatment compared with SOC alone.
Thermodynamic and kinetic analyses of sintering in Al‐doped Y2O3 nanoparticles
Authors: Nakajima Kimiko , Dahl Spencer , Thron Andrew , Castro Ricardo H. R. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis work investigates the effects of doping on both the thermodynamics and kinetics of sintering in aluminum‐doped yttrium oxide nanoparticles (Al‐doped Y2O3), with the objective of delineating their interdependent effects at different stages of the process. Direct measurements of surface and grain boundary energies using differential scanning calorimetry showed that Al‐doping decreases both interfacial energies, leading to an increase in dihedral angle (from 152.7 ± 5.6° to 165.8 ± 5.5°) and, therefore, sintering stress. Densification and grain growth analyses showed that despite this increase in sintering stress, the onset of sintering is delayed for the Al‐doped samples, demonstrating that a large dihedral angle is a necessary but not sufficient condition for densification. The measurements of activation energies for densification and grain growth point out that Al suppresses grain boundary mobility by increasing the activation energy from 400 to 448 kJ/mol, hindering densification at the intermediate stages of sintering. At temperatures above 1150℃, grain growth is activated in the Al‐doped samples, which rapidly releases the accumulated sintering stress and exhibits a higher densification rate than in undoped Y2O3. This study demonstrates a complex interconnectivity between the thermodynamics and kinetics at different temperature ranges of sintering and reinforces the need for a comprehensive description for proper design of sintering aids.
Reproducibility of nighttime home blood pressure measured by a wrist‐type nocturnal home blood pressure monitoring device
Authors: Tomitani Naoko , Kanegae Hiroshi , Kario Kazuomi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe authors investigated the reproducibility of nighttime home blood pressure (BP) measured by a wrist‐type BP monitoring device. Forty‐six hypertensive patients (mean 69.0±11.6 years, 56.5% male) self‐measured their nighttime BP hourly using simultaneously worn wrist‐type and upper arm‐type nocturnal home BP monitoring devices at home on two consecutive nights. Using the average 7.4±1.3 measurements on the first night and the average 7.0 ± 1.8 measurements on the second night, the authors assessed the reliability and the reproducibility of nighttime BP measured on the two nights. The difference between nights in systolic BP (SBP) measured by the wrist‐device was not significant (1.6±7.0 mmHg, p = .124), while the difference in diastolic BP (DBP) was marginally significant (1.4±4.9 mmHg, p = .050). The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for agreement between nights were high both in SBP and DBP average (SBP: 0.835, DBP: 0.804). Averaging only three points of SBP resulted in lower ICC values, but still indicated good correlations (ICC > 0.6). On the other hand, the correlations of the standard deviation and average real variability of SBP between nights were low, with ICCs of 0.220 and 0.436, respectively. In conclusion, the average SBP values measured on the first night were reliable even when averaging only three readings. The reproducibility of nighttime BP variability seemed inferior to that of BP average; it might be better to measure nighttime BP over multiple nights to assess BP variability. However, this hypothesis needs verification in other study population. In addition, our study population had well‐controlled BP, which limits the generalizability of this findings to all hypertensive patients.
Uncontrolled hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes: What are the correlates?
Authors: Rabizadeh Soghra , Gholami Bahareh , Mahmoudzadeh Kani Shiva , Rajab Armin , Farrokhpour Hossein , Esteghamati Alireza , Nakhjavani Manouchehr 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSuboptimal blood pressure (BP) control in patients with type 2 diabetes is associated with adverse micro‐ and macrovascular complications. This study aimed to investigate the predictors of uncontrolled hypertension in an Iranian population with type 2 diabetes. This is a cross‐sectional study of 2612 patients with type 2 diabetes, including 944 patients with hypertension. Controlled and uncontrolled hypertension were assessed. Multivariate logistic regression modeling was used to determined independent predictors of uncontrolled hypertension. Of 2612 patients with type 2 diabetes, 944 (36.1%) patients had hypertension. Of all patients with hypertension, 580 (61.4%) were still on monotherapy. Uncontrolled hypertension was detected in 536 participants (56.8%). Patients with uncontrolled hypertension had significantly higher body mass index (BMI) (29.8±4.8 vs. 28.6±4.6), waist circumference (99.11±10.95 vs. 96.68±10.92), pulse pressure (67.3±17.3 vs. 48.4±10.7), total cholesterol (177.1±45.5 vs. 164.3±40.5), non‐HDL cholesterol (133.0±43.5 vs. 120.1±38.7), triglycerides (175.7±80.3 vs. 157.4±76.7), and Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) (0.57±0.23 vs. 0.52±0.24) (p < .05 for all of them) compared to patients with controlled hypertension. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that uncontrolled hypertension was significantly associated with BMI (p = .001), pulse pressure (p = .001), total cholesterol (p = .006), and non‐HDL cholesterol (p = .009). In patients with triglycerides levels > 200 mg/dl non‐HDL cholesterol had a significant correlation with uncontrolled hypertension (OR = 4.635, CI95%:1.781–12.064, p = .002). In conclusion, BMI, pulse pressure, total cholesterol, and non‐HDL cholesterol are significant predictors of uncontrolled hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes. Also, ineffective monotherapy, medical inertia and patients’ non‐compliance were other contributors to the uncontrolled hypertension.
MicroRNA‐206 has a bright application prospect in the diagnosis of cases with oral cancer
Authors: Wang Lili , Song Hongguang , Yang Shiming 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that microRNA‐206 (miR‐206) exhibits anti‐tumour properties in various tumours. Nevertheless, diagnostic significance of miR‐206 in oral cancer is still poorly known. Our research was carried out to explore the performance of miR‐206 in the diagnosis of oral cancer. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) method was adopted to measure the level of miR‐206 in serum specimens from oral cancer cases and control individuals. Chi‐square test was performed to analyse the correlation between miR‐206 level and clinicopathological parameters of the cases. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constituted to assess diagnostic accuracy of miR‐206 in oral cancer. Serum miR‐206 level in oral cancer patients was significantly lower than that in control individuals (P < .001). miR‐206 expression was obviously related to T classification (P = .033), TNM stage (P = .008) and lymph node metastasis (P = .028). The area under the curve (AUC) of the ROC curve was 0.846 (95% CI = 0.797‐0.896, P < .001) with a specificity of 72.7% and a sensitivity of 81.2%. It revealed that miR‐206 might be a non‐invasive indicator in differentiating oral cancer cases from control individuals. Down‐regulation of miR‐206 is related to the development of oral cancer. Serum miR‐206 might be an effective indicator for early detection of oral cancer.
Exogenous H2S prevents the nuclear translocation of PDC‐E1 and inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation in the diabetic state
Authors: Zhang Linxue , Jiang Xiaoshu , Liu Ning , Li Mingyu , Kang Jiaxin , Chen Lingxue , Tang Jingyuan , Dong Shiyun , Lu Fanghao , Zhang Weihua 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHydrogen sulphide (H2S) inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation induced by hyperglycaemia and hyperlipidaemia; however, the mechanisms are unclear. Here, we observed lower H2S levels and higher expression of the proliferation‐related proteins PCNA and cyclin D1 in db/db mouse aortae and vascular smooth muscle cells treated with 40 mmol/L glucose and 500 μmol/L palmitate, whereas exogenous H2S decreased PCNA and cyclin D1 expression. The nuclear translocation of mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex‐E1 (PDC‐E1) was significantly increased in VSMCs treated with high glucose and palmitate, and it increased the level of acetyl‐CoA and histone acetylation (H3K9Ac). Exogenous H2S inhibited PDC‐E1 translocation from the mitochondria to the nucleus because PDC‐E1 was modified by S‐sulfhydration. In addition, PDC‐E1 was mutated at Cys101. Overexpression of PDC‐E1 mutated at Cys101 increased histone acetylation (H3K9Ac) and VSMC proliferation. Based on these findings, H2S regulated PDC‐E1 S‐sulfhydration at Cys101 to prevent its translocation from the mitochondria to the nucleus and to inhibit VSMC proliferation under diabetic conditions.