bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stereoselective Access to Spirooxindoles and Bisoxindoles Through Organocatalyzed Asymmetric Divergent Transformations of Isatin‐derived MBH Carbonates
Authors: Fang Yu‐Bo , Lin Xiao‐Tong , Chen Guo‐Shu , Ren Hai , Deng Dong‐Sheng , Hu Xiao‐Wei , Xu Yi‐Bing , Chen Shu‐Jie , Liu Yun‐Lin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAn interesting β‐isoquinidine catalyzed divergent reaction was developed to produce either spirocyclopentene oxindoles, spirocyclopentadiene oxindoles or bisoxindoles in a high enantioselective fashion. The utility of this protocol was demonstrated by the versatile transformations of the products. This work not only represents the first highly stereoselective intermolecular catalytic asymmetric allylic alkylation reaction between two isatin‐derived MBH carbonate molecules but also constitutes a rare example of isatin‐derived MBH carbonate‐based enantioselective and α‐regioselective [3+2] cycloaddition reactions.
O‐GlcNAcylation drives calcium signaling toward osteoblast differentiation: A bioinformatics‐oriented study
Authors: Weng Yao , Wang Ziyi , Fukuhara Yoko , Tanai Airi , Ikegame Mika , Yamada Daisuke , Takarada Takeshi , Izawa Takashi , Hayano Satoru , Yoshida Kaya , Kamioka Hiroshi , Okamura Hirohiko 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to reveal the possible mechanisms by which O‐linked‐N‐acetylglucosaminylation (O‐GlcNAcylation) regulates osteoblast differentiation using a series of bioinformatics‐oriented experiments. To examine the influence of O‐GlcNAcylation levels on osteoblast differentiation, osteoblastic MC3T3‐E1 cells were treated with O‐GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O‐GlcNAcase (OGA) inhibitors. Correlations between the levels of O‐GlcNAcylation and the expression of osteogenic markers as well as OGT were evaluated by qPCR and western blotting. The O‐GlcNAcylated proteins assumed to correlate with Runx2 expression were retrieved from several public databases and used for further bioinformatics analysis. Following the findings of the bioinformatics analysis, intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) was monitored in the cells treated with OGT and OGA inhibitors using a confocal laser‐scanning microscope (CLS). The interaction effect between O‐GlcNAcylation and [Ca2+]i on osteogenic marker expression was determined using stable OGT knockdown MC3T3‐E1 cells. O‐GlcNAcylation was positively associated with osteoblast differentiation. The time‐course profile of global O‐GlcNAcylated proteins showed a distinctive pattern with different molecular weights during osteoblast differentiation. The expression pattern of several O‐GlcNAcylated proteins was significantly similar to that of Runx2 expression. Bioinformatic analysis of the retrieved Runx2‐related‐O‐GlcNAcylated‐proteins revealed the importance of [Ca2+]i. CLS showed that alteration of O‐GlcNAcylation rapidly changed [Ca2+]i in MC3T3‐E1 cells. O‐GlcNAcylation and [Ca2+]i showed an interaction effect on the expression of osteogenic markers. OGT knockdown disrupted the [Ca2+]i‐induced expression changes of osteogenic markers. O‐GlcNAcylation interacts with [Ca2+]i and elicits osteoblast differentiation by regulating the expression of osteogenic markers.
Aiming for the Bullseye: Targeted activities decrease misconceptions related to enzyme function for undergraduate biochemistry students
Authors: Terrell Cassidy R. , Ekstrom Thomas , Nguyen Brian , Nickodem Kyle 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBiochemistry curricula present a particular challenge to undergraduate students with abstract concepts which can lead to misconceptions that impede learning. In particular, these students have difficulty understanding enzyme structure and function concepts. Targeted learning activities and three‐dimensional (3D) physical models are proposed to help students challenge these misconceptions and increase conceptual understanding. Here we assessed such pedagogical tools using the Enzyme‐Substrate Interactions Concept Inventory (ESICI) to measure (mis)conceptual changes from Pre‐ to Post‐ time points in a single semester undergraduate biochemistry course. A Control group of students engaged with the active learning activities without the 3D physical models and students in the Intervention group utilized these activities with the 3D physical models. At the Post‐ time point both groups had higher, yet similar ESICI scores of the same magnitude as the highest scoring group from the national sample. Concomitantly, many misconception markers decreased compared to the national sample, although some of these differed between the Control and Intervention groups. Based on this assessment, both pedagogical approaches successfully increased conceptual understanding and targeted many of the misconceptions measured by the ESICI, however, several misconceptions persisted. Surprisingly, the students who used the 3D physical models did not demonstrate a further decrease in the misconception markers. Additionally, psychometric evaluation of the ESICI with our sample recommends the revision of several questions to improve the validity of this assessment. We also offer suggestions to improve instruction and pedagogical tools with further avenues for research on learning.
FNDC4 acts as an extracellular factor to promote the invasiveness of hepatocellular carcinoma partly via the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway
Authors: Wang Baolin , Zheng Bowen , Lu Yao , Huang Deng , Liu Jialong , Song Juxian , Zheng Shuguo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFNDC4 is highly homologous to the exercise‐associated myokine FNDC5/irisin, which is highly expressed and promotes the invasion and metastasis of HCC cells. However, the function of FNDC4 remains unknown. Here, we report that FNDC4, an extracellular factor, plays important roles in the invasion and metastasis of HCC. We found that high FNDC4 expression is associated with poor survival in HCC patients and FNDC4 promotes the migration and invasion of HCC cells. Mechanistically, we found that FNDC4 is related to the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway to a certain extent. Specifically, the extracellular domain of FNDC4 acts as an extracellular factor to promote Akt phosphorylation levels in this pathway. These findings reveal that FNDC4 promotes the invasion and metastasis of HCC partly via the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway.
A Study of Alternative Measures in Resolving Cases of Child Sexual Abuse among the Ga Community in Accra, Ghana
Authors: Markwei Ummu , Tetteh Peace Mamle 
Published: August 2021

Many children continue to be sexually abused worldwide. In Ghana, relatively high figures of child sexual abuse (CSA) are reported by the police daily. Although there are laws that seek to protect children from sexual abuse, in reality, there is a wide gulf between legislation and practice. This paper explores why this is so by examining the measures adopted in sanctioning perpetrators of CSA in the Ga community in Ghana. The study uses a qualitative approach to collect data from parents and guardians through in‐depth interviews. The study revealed that, generally, traditional rather than legal sanctions are adopted in handling CSA cases. This paper thus interrogates the consequences of the obvious contraventions of the law as traditional interventions are resorted to. We posit that CSA can be minimised only when child protection laws are enforced by the police and victims are reoriented to appreciate the benefits of seeking legal redress.Key Practitioner Messages

Conscious efforts must be made to destigmatise child sexual abuse.
Sensitisation programmes should be organised periodically by stakeholders to educate community members on child sexual abuse.
The police in partnership with the media must also lead the campaign to educate the populace that choosing traditional options of redress and non‐disclosure of incestuous acts against children is a clear violation of the law and the rights of the child.
Evaluation of Gibbilimbol B, Isolated from Piper malacophyllum (Piperaceae), as an Antischistosomal Agent
Authors: Carnaúba Paulo U. , Mengarda Ana C. , Rodrigues Vinícius C. , Morais Thiago R. , de Oliveira Alberto , Lago João Henrique G. , de Moraes Josué 
Published: August 2021

AbstractInfections caused by parasitic worms impose a considerable worldwide health burden. One of the most impactful is schistosomiasis, a disease caused by blood‐dwelling of the genus Schistosoma that affects more than 230 million people worldwide. Since praziquantel has also been extensively used to treat schistosomiasis and other parasitic flatworm infections, there is an urgent need to identify novel anthelmintic compounds, mainly from natural sources. In this study, the hexane extract from roots of Piper malacophyllum (Piperaceae) showed to be mainly composed for gibbilimbol B by HPLC/ESI‐HRMS. Based on this result, this compound was isolated by chromatographic steps and its structure was confirmed by NMR. In vitro bioassays showed that gibbilimbol B was more active than praziquantel against larval stage of S. mansoni, with effective concentrations of 50 % (EC50) and 90 % (EC90) values of 2.6 and 3.4 μM, respectively. Importantly, gibbilimbol B showed no cytotoxicity to mammalian cells at a concentration 190 times greater than the antiparasitic effect, giving support for the anthelmintic potential of gibbilimbol B as lead compound for novel antischistosomal agents.
Managing confounding and effect modification in pediatric/congenital interventional cardiology research
Authors: O'Byrne Michael L. , Glatz Andrew C. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMeasuring the effect of a treatment on outcomes is an important goal for research in pediatric/congenital interventional cardiology. The breadth of anatomic and physiologic variations, patient ages, and genetic syndromes and noncardiac comorbid conditions all represent sources of potential confounding and effect modification that are major obstacles to this goal. If not accounted for, these factors can obscure the “true” treatment effect and lead to spurious conclusions about the relative efficacy and/or safety of therapies. In this review, we discuss the importance of confounding and effect modification in pediatric/congenital interventional cardiology research. We define these terms and discuss strategies (both in study design and data analysis) to mitigate error introduced by confounding and effect modification. The importance of confounding by indication in pediatric/congenital cardiology is discussed along with specific methods to address it.
Low‐dose spinal and opioid‐free anesthesia in patient with Severe Aortic Stenosis and SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: Case report
Authors: Coviello Antonio , Ianniello Marilena , Spasari Ezio , Posillipo Concetta , Vargas Maria , Maresca Alfredo , Servillo Giuseppe 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe best anesthesiologic approach to severe AS patient has not been adequately studied in literature. Although the current guidelines have a cautious attitude in this regard, Combined Spinal‐Epidural Anesthesia (CSEA) has proved to be a safe technique. Therefore, we would like to provide our experience with a severe AS and COVID‐19 patient.
Novel presentation of autoimmune polyglandular syndrome II in a child with simultaneous Addison's disease, type 1 diabetes, and Hashimoto's thyroiditis: A case report
Authors: Staub Kayla , Abrams Pamela 
Published: August 2021

AbstractProviders should remain vigilant of autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type II in the context of persistent low blood sugar in type I diabetes. Correction of adrenal insufficiency is key for regulation of blood sugar and thyroid function.
Isolated cecal necrosis: Report of two cases
Authors: Kardoun Nizar , Hadrich Zied , Rahma Daoud , Harbi Houssem , Boujelben Salah , Mzali Rafik 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIsolated cecal necrosis is a rare variant of ischemic colitis. Diagnosis is difficult because of nonspecific clinical and radiological findings. It especially affects patients with comorbidities affecting mesenteric perfusion.
A rare case of spontaneous abdominal aorta thrombosis
Authors: Matarneh Ahmad Samir , Sadiq Amna , Ahmad Khan Adeel , Eltahir Asma Ibrahim , Alansari Mazen , Mohammed AbdulMoqeeth 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSpontaneous aortic thrombosis is rare, and prompt diagnosis is needed whenever encountering a case of unexplained abdominal pain. The cause of the thrombosis needs to be evaluated thoroughly to rule out any underlying thrombophilias.
Primary cardiac angiosarcoma directly invading the right lung: An autopsy report
Authors: Kiwaki Takumi , Ishihara Akira , Toyama Takanori , Kusaka Hiroaki , Kataoka Hiroaki 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe presented a difficult‐to‐diagnose case of cardiac angiosarcoma. The patient presented pericardial effusion, but cytology of the effusion was negative. Because cytological detection of angiosarcoma cells is difficult, a possibility of malignancy should not be excluded with negative cytological examination. Biopsy of cardiac mass is the best way for diagnosis.
Distinct MRI pattern of “pseudoresponse” in recurrent glioblastoma multiforme treated with regorafenib: Case report and literature review
Authors: Gatto Lidia , Franceschi Enrico , Tosoni Alicia , Di Nunno Vincenzo , Maggio Ilaria , Tonon Caterina , Lodi Raffaele , Agati Raffaele , Bartolini Stefania , Brandes Alba Ariela 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAntiangiogenic agents can induce a distinct MRI pattern in glioblastoma, characterized by a decrease in the contrast enhancement on T1‐weighted images and a simultaneous hyperintensity on T2‐weighted or fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery images.
COVID‐19 infection presenting as paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Authors: Hines Adam , Hakim Nausheen , Barrientos Jacqueline 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA diagnosis of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) was elicited during acute COVID‐19 infection. COVID‐19 spike proteins trigger the alternative pathway of complement. Acute SARS‐CoV‐2 infection possibly expanded an existing PIG‐A mutation.
A unique presentation of bilateral kissing molars and three‐rooted maxillary premolars: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Sarna Krishan , Murithi Ian , Opondo Florence , Guthua Symon 
Published: August 2021

Abstract3D radiographic evaluation of the patient should be conducted before disimpaction to establish proximity to the mandibular canal and borders of mandible. In addition, variations of the root canal system of premolars must thoroughly be understood.
Overcoming very late severe calcific stenosis due to two layers of under‐expanded stents with intravascular lithotripsy treatment: A case report
Authors: Doost Ata , Clugston Richard 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntravascular lithotripsy (IVL) shockwave treatment is effective in treatment of severe calcific coronary stenosis within two layers of old under‐expanded stents. Intravascular imaging is essential to analyze the mechanism of in‐stent failure and optimize treatment.
Whether to maintain or strengthen the treatment for pyoderma gangrenosum ulcerative type may depend on the response after two to four‐week treatment intervention: The outcome of three cases with details clinical course
Authors: Nakayama Yuichi , Akeda Tomoko , Iida Shohei , Habe Koji , Yokota Naho , Matsushima Yoshiaki , Nakai Yasuo , Kondo Makoto , Yamanaka Keiichi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDetermining whether the treatment intensity needs to be increased or can be maintained at a constant level may be suggested after 2–4 weeks of treatment. The use of TNF‐α inhibitor, removal of necrotic tissue, and skin grafting may promote epithelialization.
A case of postpartum chronic subdural hematoma
Authors: Rajbhandari Suyasha , Gurung Pritam , Nepal Gopi , Acharya Samir , Pant Basant 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHeadache is a common presentation during postpartum period. Anesthesiologist, obstetrician, and neurosurgeon should be aware of the possibility of subdural hematoma in patient complaining of headache following spinal anesthesia.
Apple Watch® facilitates single‐session catheter ablation of coexisting atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia and atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia
Authors: Kasai Yuhei , Kasai Jungo , Sekiguchi Yukio , Asano So , Fukunaga Hiroshi , Nagase Takahiko , Nitta Junichi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHeart rate information from a smartwatch can facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of SVT. Benefitting from long‐term HR trends, we performed successful RF catheter ablation of coexisting AVNRT and AVRT.
A comparative study on enhancing oil recovery with partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide: Emulsion versus powder
Authors: Han Xu , Li Changqing , Pan Feng , Li Yuxi , Feng Yujun 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn China, powders of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (P‐HPAM) have been extensively used in chemically enhanced oil recovery (cEOR) processes. However, the relatively longer dissolution time of P‐HPAM and high investment in surface facilities diminish the profit. Here, we compared the properties between P‐HPAM and emulsion HPAM (E‐HPAM) with similar molecular weight of 1.5 × 107 g/mol at polymer concentration of 1000 mg/L under a simulated Daqing Oilfield reservoir. We found only 20 min was needed to completely dissolve E‐HPAM, 75% less time than for P‐HPAM. The apparent viscosity of E‐HPAM reached 69.6 mPa · s, 26% higher than that of P‐HPAM. Sheared at 7000 rpm for 30 s, 73.8% viscosity retention was maintained for E‐HPAM solution, 13.7% higher than that of P‐HPAM solution. After 90 days of thermal aging, E‐HPAM solution had 72.8% viscosity retention, 15.2% higher than P‐HPAM. After being adsorbed in a sand package, E‐HPAM and P‐HPAM solutions had 87.0% and 83.2% viscosity retention, respectively. The interfacial tension (IFT) between E‐HPAM solution and Daqing oil could reach 15.3 mN/m, 75.1% lower than that of the P‐HPAM solution with Daqing oil. After 1.2 PV of polymer solution was injected, E‐HPAM solution got an oil recovery factor of 24.1% (OOIP), 10.0% higher than that of P‐HPAM under identical conditions. Both polymer solutions could propagate smoothly in porous media without plugging. In the field trial of 63 wells, after 0.098 PV of E‐HPAM solution was injected within nine months, the injection pressure increased by 1.3 MPa, and an interim recovery factor of 0.58% was obtained.
Fermentation process quality prediction using teacher student stacked sparse recurrent autoencoder
Authors: Gao Xuejin , Meng Lingjun , Gao Huihui , Han Huayun , Qi Yongsheng 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFor predicting the value of the quality variable in fermentation processes, traditional data‐driven methods do not use information in large amounts of unlabelled data. To solve this data‐rich but information‐poor (DRIP) problem, a teacher student stacked sparse recurrent autoencoder (TS‐SSRAE) model is proposed. Compared with traditional data‐driven methods, the proposed method has three main advantages. First, an autoencoder is an unsupervised method which can effectively extract rich information in unlabelled data. The proposed stacked recurrent autoencoder (SRAE) with long short‐term memory (LSTM) recurrent neural unit is superior to traditional autoencoders when extracting the dynamic correlation information in the fermentation process. Second, sparse constraints can make it much easier for hidden neurons to obtain useful information in a single moment. Finally, the LSTM recurrent neural unit is complex and the inputs of a SRAE must be a sequence, which increases the complexity of the model to a certain extent. So, the knowledge distillation is employed to simplify the model and reduce the computing time. In order to demonstrate its effectiveness, the proposed method is applied to the penicillin fermentation process for a simulation experiment and Escherichia coli production of interleukin‐2. The results show that the proposed method based on TS‐SSRAE can have better performance than conventional methods.
Synthesis and characterization of nanostructured copper and lanthanum co‐doped zirconia for voltammetric sensing of tumor biomarkers
Authors: Abbas Hussien A. , Radwan Abdel Latief A. , Khaled Elmorsy , Hassan Rabeay Y.A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNanostructured ZrO2‐based materials with their biocompatibility, excellent electrical, and surface charge properties became one of the best candidates for the electrochemical sensing applications. Here, synthesis of Zr1‐xCuxLaxO2 compounds was achieved in nanoscale and fully characterized using XRD, TEM, DRS, and cyclic voltammetry. A mixture of monoclinic and cubic phases was detected for the undoped ZrO2 (Z sample, x = 0). For the Cu‐doped compounds, (ZFW1, x = 0.05 and ZFW2, x = 0.1), a combination of cubic fluorite and monoclinic phase were detected. The intensity of the monoclinic phase for the Cu‐doped was higher than that of the undoped ZrO2 sample. Cu and La co‐doped samples (ZL1C1, x = 0.05 and ZL2C2, x = 0.1) were stabilized in a single cubic phase structure. Therefore, their band gap dropped from (4.8 eV) for the undoped ZrO2 to (1.49 eV) for the ZL1C1 sample and (2 eV) for the ZL2C2 sample. Voltammetric sensing of neurotransmitter metabolites (vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) and homovanillic acid (HVA)) was achieved using the modified electrodes due to their acquired high electrocatalytic and high electrochemical performance.
BED‐online: Acceptance and efficacy of an internet‐based treatment for binge‐eating disorder: A randomized clinical trial including waitlist conditions
Authors: Wyssen Andrea , Meyer Andrea H. , Messerli‐Bürgy Nadine , Forrer Felicitas , Vanhulst Pierre , Lalanne Denis , Munsch Simone 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveInternet‐based guided self‐help (GSH) programs increase accessibility and utilization of evidence‐based treatments in binge‐eating disorder (BED). We evaluated acceptance and short as well as long‐term efficacy of our 8‐session internet‐based GSH program in a randomized clinical trial with an immediate treatment group, and two waitlist control groups, which differed with respect to whether patients received positive expectation induction during waiting or not.MethodSixty‐three patients (87% female, mean age 37.2 years) followed the eight‐session guided cognitive‐behavioural internet‐based program and three booster sessions in a randomized clinical trial design including an immediate treatment and two waitlist control conditions. Outcomes were treatment acceptance, number of weekly binge‐eating episodes, eating disorder pathology, depressiveness, and level of psychosocial functioning.ResultsTreatment satisfaction was high, even though 27% of all patients dropped out during the active treatment and 9.5% during the follow‐up period of 6 months. The treatment, in contrast to the waiting conditions, led to a significant reduction of weekly binge‐eating episodes from 3.4 to 1.7 with no apparent rebound effect during follow‐up. All other outcomes improved as well during active treatment. Email‐based positive expectation induction during waiting period prior to the treatment did not have an additional beneficial effect on the temporal course and thus treatment success, of binge episodes in this study.ConclusionThis short internet‐based program was clearly accepted and highly effective regarding core features of BED. Dropout rates were higher in the active and lower in the follow‐up period. Positive expectations did not have an impact on treatment effects.