bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the prevalence of anticholinergic and sedative medications to avoid in older adults from the French Health Data System
Authors: Novais Teddy , Garnier‐Crussard Antoine , Reallon Elsa , Mouchoux Christelle , Gervais Frederic 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundIn older people, medications with anticholinergic or sedative properties are associated with falls, frailty, and functional and cognitive impairment. These medications are often described as a subset of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs). We examined the prevalence of anticholinergic or sedative medications to avoid in older people in France in 2023.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study used anonymized data from a large electronic healthcare database, the French National Health Data System (Système National des Données de Santé, SNDS). All people aged 65 years or older from January 1, 2023, to December 31, 2023, were included in this study. Dispensations of anticholinergic and sedative medications were identified according to PIM criteria (2023 American Geriatrics Society Beers Criteria and REMEDI[e]S tool). The prevalence of anticholinergic or sedative medications was assessed for the study population and by age (65–84 and 85 or older) and living place (home and institutionalized patients) subgroups in terms of number and percentage of patients.ResultsThis study included 16,938,152 patients aged 65 years or older (55% women). Among all patients, 79.8% were aged between 65 and 84 years and 20.2% were aged 85 years or older. Most patients lived at home (97.0%), and 3.0% were institutionalized. The prevalence of anticholinergic or sedative medications was 32.8% among all patients, 32.3% among 65–84 patients, and 34.8% among 85 or older patients, 32.1% among home patients, and 54.5% among institutionalized patients. The most commonly dispensed anticholinergic or sedative medications were oxazepam (5.27%), alprazolam (5.27%), zopiclone (4.85%), bromazepam (4.23%), metopimazine (2.88%), paroxetine (2.70%), nefopam (2.57%), and hydroxyzine (2.17%).ConclusionsThis study highlighted that anticholinergic and sedative medications to avoid in older people are still frequently prescribed despite the development and regular updating of PIM criteria. Future studies are needed to assess whether this has led to worsened outcomes among older adults who utilized these medications, and new initiatives should be developed to further promote deprescribing by prescribers and pharmacists.
Antihypertensive Deprescribing and Functional Status in VA Long‐Term Care Residents With and Without Dementia
Authors: Liu Xiaojuan , Graham Laura A. , Jing Bocheng , Dave Chintan V. , Li Yongmei , Kurella Tamura Manjula , Steinman Michael A. , Lee Sei J. , Liu Christine K. , Abdel Magid Hoda S. , Manja Veena , Fung Kathy , Odden Michelle C. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundDeprescribing antihypertensives is of growing interest in geriatric medicine, yet the impact on functional status is unknown. We emulated a target trial of deprescribing antihypertensive medications compared with continued use on functional status measured by activities of daily living (ADL) in a long‐term care population.MethodsWe included 12,238 Veteran Affairs long‐term care residents age 65+ who had a stay ≥ 12 weeks between 2006 and 2019. After 4+ weeks of stable antihypertensive medication use, residents were classified as either deprescribed antihypertensives (reduced ≥ 1 medication or ≥ 30% dose) or continued users. Residents were followed up for 2 years, or censored at discharge, admission to hospice, protocol deviation (per‐protocol analysis only), or Sept 30, 2019. The outcome was ADL dependencies (scored 0–28; higher score = worse functionality), assessed approximately every 3 months. Our primary approach was to estimate per‐protocol effects using linear mixed‐effects regressions with inverse probability of treatment and censoring weighting, overall and stratified by dementia status. We estimated intention‐to‐treat effects as a secondary analysis.ResultsIn long‐term care residents, ADL scores worsened by a mean of 0.29 points (95%CI = 0.27, 0.31) per 3 months and antihypertensive deprescribing did not impact this worsening (difference between groups −0.04 points every 3 months, 95%CI = −0.15, 0.06). In the non‐dementia subgroup, ADL worsened by 0.15 points (95%CI = 0.11, 0.19) every 3 months. However, residents who were deprescribed showed a slightly improved ADL score over time while the continued users showed ADL decline (difference between groups −0.23 points every 3 months, 95%CI = −0.43, −0.03). Deprescribing was not associated with ADL change in the dementia subgroup. The intention‐to‐treat results were not meaningfully different.ConclusionsAntihypertensive deprescribing did not have a deleterious effect on functional status in long‐term care residents with or without dementia. This may be reassuring to residents and clinicians who are considering antihypertensive medication reduction or discontinuation in long‐term care settings.
Prolonged prothrombin time in hyperemesis gravidarum as an indicator of vitamin K deficiency
Authors: Ouchi Nozomi , Kuwabara Yoshimitsu , Yonezawa Mirei , Ogawa Jun , Kasano Sayuri , Kato Masahiko , Kurashina Ryuhei , Ichikawa Tomoko , Kawabata Ikuno , Suzuki Shunji 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimMaternal vitamin K (VK) deficiency can lead to fetal complications such as cerebral hemorrhage and bone malformations. In this study, we aimed to analyze changes in prothrombin time (PT) and protein induced by VK absence or antagonist II (PIVKA‐II) in patients with severe hyperemesis gravidarum with suspected VK deficiency.MethodsWe compared 151 patients with severe hyperemesis gravidarum treated with intravenous nutrition to 46 patients undergoing cervical suturing or benign ovarian tumor surgery before mid‐pregnancy.ResultsIn the hyperemesis group, coagulation factors, including PT (s), prothrombin activity, INR, and APTT, showed a significant shift toward fibrinolysis compared to control (p < 0.001). The changes were within the normal range, except for PT (s), which was prolonged (14.6 ± 1.4 s). PIVKA‐II was measured 25 times in 11 cases of hyperemesis and significantly correlated with PT (s). Moreover, VK was supplemented in four cases with severe VK deficiency, promptly normalizing both PT (s) and PIVKA‐II.ConclusionsMonitoring VK deficiency using PT (s) and PIVKA‐II, with timely VK supplementation, may help prevent fetal complications in severe hyperemesis gravidarum.
Phylogenomics shed light on the complex evolutionary history of a gymnosperm genus showing East Asian–Tethyan disjunction
Authors: Wu Dayu , Milne Richard Ian , Yang Heng , Zhang Yujiao , Wang Yi , Jia Shiyu , Li Jialiang , Mao Kangshan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWhen and how disjunct distributions of biological taxa arose has long attracted interest in biogeography, yet the East Asian–Tethyan disjunction is understudied. Cupressus (Cupressaceae) shows this disjunction, with 10 species in East Asia and three in the Mediterranean region. Here we used target‐capture sequencing and obtained 1991 single‐copy nuclear genes, plus complete plastomes, to infer the evolutionary history of Cupressus. Our phylogenomic reconstruction resolved four well supported clades in Cupressus, but revealed significant phylogenetic conflicts, with inter‐lineage gene flow, incomplete lineage sorting and gene tree estimation error all making important contributions. The Chengiana clade most likely originated by hybridization between the ancestors of the Himalayan–Hengduan Mountains and subtropical Asia clades, whereas orogenic and climatic changes may have facilitated gene flow within the Himalayan–Hengduan Mountains clade. Molecular dating suggested that the most recent common ancestor of Cupressus appeared in East Asia around the middle Eocene period and then became continuously distributed across Eurasia. The East Asian–Tethyan disjunction arose when the Mediterranean and Himalayan–Hengduan Mountains clades diverged, likely to have been driven by Eocene/Oligocene declines in global temperature, then reinforced by the ecogeographic barrier created by the uplift of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. Niche shifts in the common ancestor of the Mediterranean clade, and signatures of selection in genes for drought and salt tolerance, probably indicate adaptation of this clade to local conditions. Overall, our study suggested that in‐depth phylogenomic analyses are powerful tools in deciphering the complex evolutionary history of the origin of East Asian–Tethyan disjunction of organisms, especially gymnosperms.
PyNCBIminer: A platform for assembling phylogenetic data sets via GenBank datamining
Authors: Cheng Ruijing , Yi Yang , Wang Xiaohan , Liang Xin , Shrestha Nawal , Dimitrov Dimitar , Wang Zhiheng , Zhao Pengshan , Xu Xiaoting 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLarge phylogenies derived from publicly available genetic sequences are becoming a popular and indispensable tool in addressing core questions in ecology and evolution, as well as in tackling challenging conservation issues. Optimizing taxonomic coverage and data quality is essential for improving the precision and reliability of phylogenetic reconstructions and evolutionary inferences. Here we present PyNCBIminer, a user‐friendly software that automates the assembly of large DNA data sets from GenBank for phylogenetic reconstruction using the supermatrix method. PyNCBIminer uses the iterative BLAST procedure to retrieve genetic sequences accurately and efficiently from GenBank. The state‐of‐the‐art strategies also serve to improve taxa coverage and the quality of target DNA markers. PyNCBIminer is designed to efficiently handle large data sets, but it is also suitable for medium and small data sets. It is open source and freely available at GitHub (https://github.com/Xiaoting-Xu/PyNCBIminer) and Gitee (https://gitee.com/xiaotingxu/PyNCBIminer). Its utility and performance are demonstrated through the assembly of phylogenetic data sets encompassing several genetic markers of varying sizes for the angiosperm order Dipsacales. PyNCBIminer holds an advantage over similar programs in that it performs the majority of computations on the NCBI server, eliminating the need for users to build and maintain large local databases and reducing the demands on their computers. In addition, it integrates other commonly used phylogenetic analysis software, providing users from various backgrounds with convenient options for retrieving and assembling GenBank sequence data, along with flexible features that allow for user‐defined parameters and strategies.
Psychosocial problems experienced by intensive care nurses regarding sleep pattern within the scope of working conditions: A phenomenological study
Authors: Atasayar Belgin Şen , Emirza Elif Güzide , Uzun Sevda 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundNurses working in intensive care units experience insomnia and accompanying psychosocial problems due to working conditions.AimThis study explores with a phenomenological approach the psychosocial problems experienced by intensive care nurses regarding sleep patterns within the scope of working conditions.Study DesignIn this phenomenological study, semi‐structured in‐depth interviews were conducted with 16 nurses working in the surgical intensive care unit of a state hospital in Türkiye. Criterion sampling method, one of the purposive sampling methods, was used to reach the sample group. Researchers' interviews continued until they reached data saturation. All interviews were recorded on a voice recorder after obtaining the necessary permissions from the nurses and then transcribed. The study data were evaluated using thematic analysis. The current manuscript was reported following the COREQ checklist.ResultsData analysis revealed three main themes (how working as an intensive care nurse changes sleep patterns, the relationship between shift work, work performance, patient care and how working as an intensive care nurse changes individual life and coping strategies) and nine subthemes (mental, physical, social, work performance, patient care, nutrition, family life, social life and coping).ConclusionThe study's findings revealed that nurses working in intensive care experienced psychosocial difficulties related to sleep patterns and had trouble coping. In particular, it was determined that sleep problems of intensive care nurses cause difficulties in family life, nutrition and social life. It is recommended that the number of personnel in workplaces be increased, overtime hours should be limited, and professional development and training on the importance of sleep for all nurses should be provided.Relevance to Clinical PracticeNurses working in intensive care units may experience psychosocial problems due to working conditions, which may negatively change their coping skills. Therefore, organizing the working conditions of nurses positively changes their coping skills.
Post‐discharge family resilience in premature infants and their mothers: A longitudinal study
Authors: Hsiao Jen‐Tzu , Chu Shih‐Ming , Chang Hung‐Yang , Liu Chieh‐Yu , Liu Pei‐Ching , Chen Chi‐Wen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundUpon discharge, very low birth weight infants pose significant caregiving challenges for families. Family resilience is vital for managing stress and adapting to this new situation. However, research focussing on the resilience of families with premature infants returning home has been limited. Understanding these factors is crucial for improving care quality.AimTo investigate the influence of family resilience on very low birth weight (VLBW) and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants, specifically examining social support, family functioning and parenting stress at 3 and 6 months of corrected age.Study DesignIn this longitudinal study, we collected data from two medical centres in Northern Taiwan through convenience sampling. From December 2019 to September 2020, 51 mothers of VLBW or ELBW infants (birth weight = 540–1490 g) were included; they were assessed at 3 and 6 months of corrected age. The mothers completed questionnaires measuring family resilience, social support, family functioning and parenting stress. The data were analysed through multiple linear regression.ResultsAt 3 and 6 months of corrected age, the mothers demonstrated moderate‐to‐high levels of family resilience. The family resilience levels demonstrated no significant differences between the two follow‐ups. Social support and parenting stress strongly predicted family resilience levels at both follow‐ups.ConclusionThis study sheds light on the crucial role of family resilience in coping with challenges during this critical period.Relevance to Clinical PracticeNursing professionals' early recognition and support for family resilience can ensure post‐discharge well‐being for premature infants and their families.
“It's On All the Time in Our House:” Police Scanners and Everyday Rural Life*
Authors: Branch Michael 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPolice radio scanners are a common feature of homes in rural Upstate New York, but little attention has been given to how their use affects local communities. Drawing on in‐depth interviews with residents of a small town in the Adirondack Park, I examine how the scanner becomes a key factor in structuring experiences of daily life. A common feature of rural communities, the scanner positions policing at the center of everyday life, shapes perceptions of criminality and policing for those listening, and may have significant consequences for vulnerable residents. The scanner provides residents with the opportunity to develop informal networks of care, yet simultaneously limits the ability of some residents to access community and emergency services. I argue that the scanner comes to mediate contradictory structures for the town and blends police power and presence with the experience of everyday rural social life as part of broader processes that delineate, justify, and legitimize boundaries of social difference. Bridging scholarship on rural communities and police technology, this project advances a framework to understand how the scanner shapes and structures access to symbolic capital vis‐a‐vis the state and logics of policing in the name of community safety.
Numerical Study of Horizontal Launch Free Motions of Powered Natural Supercavitating Vehicles
Authors: Zou Wang , Gan Hanyu , Qiu Ran 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The unique force characteristics constrain significant improvements in the motion performance of supercavitating vehicles (SCAVs). To enhance stable motion performance, understanding motion characteristics is essential. Considering factors affecting the stable motion, the horizontal launch free motions of propelled vehicles are simulated by developing a numerical method based on the dynamic model of a natural SCAV, and analyses are conducted on the impacts of launch water depth, initial motion velocity, and propulsive force on motion characteristics. The study reveals that intense changes in vertical velocity cause motion instability and determine the instability mode by affecting the vehicle’s motion attitude and afterbody hydrodynamic force. Motion performance is enhanced using the optimized geometric characteristic model and initial motion parameters influenced by launch water depth. A balanced initial motion velocity, where propulsive force and resistance are comparable, promotes stable motion. In such cases, the vehicle maintain relatively stable motion with periodic contact with the supercavity’s lower surface; however, the immersion depth of the afterbody gradually increases until complete instability occurs. Both a small initial speed and propulsive force contribute to rapid instability. To ensure a stable long-distance navigation, in addition to equipping propulsion, control forces provided by the fin are essential to counteract the increasing swing of the afterbody. This study can establish a foundation for the hydrodynamic layout and initial motion parameter design of high-performance supercavitating vehicles launched underwater by combining computational fluid dynamics simulations and experiments. It also provides support for research on the vehicle’s motion stability and control in complex motions.
Influence of Wear on the Performance Parameters of the Rigid Bore Aerodynamic Journal Bearing
Authors: Atwal J. C. , Ganai P. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Rigid bore aerodynamic journal bearings are widely used in precision machinery, high-speed small turbomachinery, etc., to support and guide the motion of shafts. Due to several starts/stops of the machinery, these bearings may wear out in the service, and subsequently, their performance parameters (static and dynamic) may change. This article presents the impact of wear on the performance of these bearings. The governing equations have been discretized using the finite difference method (FDM), and the pressure solution has been obtained using the Gauss–Seidel method with successive overrelaxation technique. The performance parameters have been plotted with respect to the eccentricity ratio varying in the range of 0.20–0.95. The results show that load capacity, attitude angle, friction force, stiffness, and damping coefficients decrease. The friction coefficient is enhanced with a maximum wear depth parameter rise under the same eccentricity ratio. Under constant load, the friction coefficient declines with a rise in wear, which highlights the potential benefit of wear. It has been found that the maximum wear depth parameter ≤10% of bearing radial clearance slightly impacts the performance parameters, but a wear depth of more than that severely impacts the performance of the bearing.
Episodic headaches and cognitive decline: uncovering neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease in a young patient
Authors: Shrimpton Matthew , Gasser Yvette Paula , Sexton Adrienne , Malhotra Abhishek 
Published: January 2025

A male in his 20s presented with episodic headache and subsequently developed episodic unilateral weakness, dysphasia and encephalopathy. These paroxysmal episodes persisted over time with the development of background cognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric symptoms. MRI surveillance demonstrated progressive T2 hyperintensity with focal cortical oedema correlating to symptoms observed during clinical episodes.Genetic testing for hemiplegic migraine, mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes along with exome sequencing and high-density microarray did not reveal a cause for the clinical phenotype. The diagnosis of neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) was confirmed by the detection of large guanine-guanine-cytosine repeat expansion in the Notch 2 N-terminal-like C gene using long-read nanopore sequencing.NIID is a genetic neurodegenerative disease, more common in Asian populations. It can present with a varied neurological phenotype, including an episodic event type that can mimic hemiplegic migraine and encephalopathy. This case report highlights the importance of considering NIID in cases of paroxysmal headache and encephalopathy.
Midwives’ experiences of pregnant women’s adherence to nutritional recommendations after bariatric surgery: a qualitative study
Authors: Christenson Anne 
Published: January 2025

Obesity prevalence in Sweden is rising, especially among 16–29 years old. Bariatric surgery in women of younger ages has risen accordingly. About 1% of all pregnancies in Sweden are in women who have undergone bariatric surgery. Not all women adhere to the recommendations about nutrition and timing of conception after surgery. This study aimed to assess midwives’ perception of weight and nutritional management during antenatal care for pregnant women who had undergone bariatric surgery.MethodWe interviewed 17 midwives and analysed the text data with content analysis.ResultsThe majority of midwives had treated women who were pregnant after bariatric surgery and who did not take sufficient vitamins and minerals and therefore were in a poor nutritional state. Many had met women who had become pregnant much earlier after surgery than recommended. Midwives often felt upset for the malnutrition risks for the baby, and sometimes blamed themselves for not providing enough nutritional support. Meanwhile, they found it easier to talk about weight with women who had undergone surgery than with other women with overweight or obesity.ConclusionThese findings confirm the importance of prebariatric and postbariatric surgery support and information for young women regarding nutrition in relation to pregnancy. Preconception nutrition counselling with a dietician may be beneficial. Conversations about weight during pregnancy may be easier with women who have undergone bariatric surgery.