bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic work‐up for severe aplastic anemia in children: Consensus of the North American Pediatric Aplastic Anemia Consortium
Authors: Shimano Kristin A. , Narla Anupama , Rose Melissa J. , Gloude Nicholas J. , Allen Steven W. , Bergstrom Katie , Broglie Larisa , Carella Beth A. , Castillo Paul , de Jong Jill L. O. , Dror Yigal , Geddis Amy E. , Huang James N. , Lau Bonnie W. , McGuinn Catherine , Nakano Taizo A. , Overholt Kathleen , Rothman Jennifer A. , Sharathkumar Anjali , Shereck Evan , Vlachos Adrianna , Olson Timothy S. , Bertuch Alison A. , Wlodarski Marcin W. , Shimamura Akiko , Boklan Jessica 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe North American Pediatric Aplastic Anemia Consortium (NAPAAC) is a group of pediatric hematologist‐oncologists, hematopathologists, and bone marrow transplant physicians from 46 institutions in North America with interest and expertise in aplastic anemia, inherited bone marrow failure syndromes, and myelodysplastic syndromes. The NAPAAC Bone Marrow Failure Diagnosis and Care Guidelines Working Group was established with the charge of harmonizing the approach to the diagnostic workup of aplastic anemia in an effort to standardize best practices in the field. This document outlines the rationale for initial evaluations in pediatric patients presenting with signs and symptoms concerning for severe aplastic anemia.
Factors influencing the success of male introductions into groups of female rhesus macaques: Introduction technique, male characteristics and female behavior
Authors: Beisner Brianne A. , Remillard Caren M. , Moss Shannon , Long Caroline E. , Bailey Kelly L. , Young Leigh A. , Meeker Tracy , McCowan Brenda , Bloomsmith Mollie A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn captive populations of rhesus macaques, novel adult males are commonly introduced to female groups every few years to prevent inbreeding, which mimics male dispersal in wild macaque populations. However, introducing adult males is challenging because macaques are aggressive to newcomers, which can result in serious injuries. Efforts to reduce trauma risk during the introduction process and increase the probability of success are needed. Here we investigate the impact of multiple factors, including male attributes (e.g., age, weight, rank, and experience), introduction method (punctuated vs. continual exposure to females), and female behavior, on males' trauma risk and integration success. We studied eight introductions of multimale cohorts (3–7 males each; N = 36 total) into existing female groups of rhesus macaques at the Yerkes National Primate Research Center. Four cohorts were introduced using the punctuated exposure method where adult males were moved each morning from run housing to the females' indoor enclosure and returned to run housing in the afternoon, and four cohorts were introduced using the continual exposure method where adult males were moved to an introduction enclosure attached to the females' outdoor compound, allowing males to live in protected contact next to the female group continuously. Generalized linear mixed models fitted to trauma risk (e.g., latency to first trauma; total trauma count) and success or failure to integrate (i.e., continual residence within the female group for greater than 53% of days within a 28‐day window after first overnight stay) showed that continual exposure to females in the introduction enclosure reduced male trauma risk and increased the likelihood of successful integration compared to punctuated exposure. Males received less trauma when they received a higher rate of grooming from females. Male attributes had no effect. These findings highlight the importance of introduction technique and female behavior in the process of males' social integration into female groups.
Design, Synthesis and Hydrogen Bonding of B3N6‐[4]Triangulene
Authors: Zhao Mengna , Miao Qian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractReplacement of the allylic C=C−C unit with a N−B−N unit at each of the three zigzag edges of [4]triangulene gives rise to B3N6‐[4]triangulene, which is envisioned to represent a key structural unit of a new hypothetical boron carbon nitride (BC4N). A tert‐butylated B3N6‐[4]triangulene has been successfully synthesized by three‐fold nitrogen‐directed borylation, and the X‐ray crystallographic analysis indicates that its slightly bent triangular polycyclic framework can be viewed as a 1,3,5‐triphenylbenzene connected by three 4π‐electron N−B−N units. The HN−B−NH moiety provides a dual hydrogen‐bond donor, which forms H‐bonds with halide or carboxylate anions in solution, and form DD‐AA hydrogen‐bond arrays with 2,7‐di(tert‐butyl)‐pyrene‐4,5,9,10‐tetraone in the co‐crystal. Moreover, the blue fluorescence of B3N6‐[4]triangulene in solution is responsive to binding p‐nitrobenzoate anion through hydrogen bonds.
Charge Transfer from Donor to Acceptor in Conjugated Microporous Polymer for Enhanced Photosensitization
Authors: Peng Yuan‐Zhao , Guo Guang‐Chen , Guo Song , Kong Li‐Hui , Lu Tong‐Bu , Zhang Zhi‐Ming 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPhotosensitization associated with light absorption and energy/electron‐transfer represents the central processes for photosynthesis. However, it's still a challenge to develop a heavy‐atom‐free (HAF) strategy to improve the sensitizing ability of polymeric photosensitizers. Herein, we propose a new protocol to significantly improve the photosensitization by decorating mother conjugated microporous polymer (CMP‐1) with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), resulting in a series of CMPs (CMP‐2–4). Systematic study reveals that covalent modification with PAHs can transfer charge to Bodipy in CMP to further facilitate both intersystem crossing and electron‐hole separation, which can dramatically boost energy‐/electron‐transfer reactions. Remarkably, CMP‐2 as a representative CMP can efficiently drive the photosynthesis of methyl phenyl sulfoxide with 92 % yield, substantially higher than that of CMP‐1 (32 %). Experiments and theory calculations demonstrate the structure‐property‐activity relationship of these CMPs, opening a new horizon for developing HAF heterogeneous photosensitizers with highly efficient sensitizing activity by rational structure regulation at a molecular level.
I2‐Promoted Intramolecular Oxidative Cyclization of Butenyl Anilines: A Facile Route to Benzo[b]azepines
Authors: An Zhenyu , Ren Yi , Liu Yafeng , Yan Rulong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA metal‐free approach for the synthesis of seven‐membered N‐heterocycles has been developed by the I2‐promoted intramolecular cross‐coupling/annulation of butenyl anilines. This cyclization reaction involves C−H activation and C−C bond formation and exhibits good functional group tolerance. A series of benzo[b]azepine derivatives are obtained in moderate to good yields.
Left ventricular‐only fusion pacing versus cardiac resynchronization therapy in heart failure patients: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Su Yangang , Hua Wei , Shen Farong , Zou Jiangang , Tang Baopeng , Chen Keping , Liang Yixiu , He Lang , Zhou Xiaohong , Zhang Xue , Lu Hongyang , Zhang Shu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundIt is unclear whether clinical benefits of cardiac resynchronization can be achieved by pacing only the left ventricle.HypothesisWe aimed to compare the effect of a novel adaptive left ventricular‐only fusion pacing (LVP) on ventricular function with conventional biventricular pacing (BVP) in cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) indicated patients.MethodsThis prospective, randomized, multicenter study enrolled CRT‐indicated patients with PR interval ≤ 200 ms who were randomized in the adaptive LVP group (using the AdaptivCRT™ algorithm with intentional non‐capture right ventricular pacing) or the echocardiography‐optimized BVP group. Cardiac function and echocardiography were evaluated at baseline and follow‐ups. CRT super response was defined as two‐fold or more increase of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) or final LVEF >45%, and LV end‐systolic volume (LVESV) decrease >15%, and New York Heart Association (NYHA) class improved by at least one level.ResultsSixty‐three patients were enrolled in the study (LVP = 34 vs. BVP = 29). At 6‐month follow‐up, significant improvements in LVEF, LVESV, and NYHA class were observed in both groups. The CRT super response rate was significantly higher in patients with high‐percentage adaptive LV‐only pacing in LVP group (68.4%) than in BVP group (36.4%, p = .04).ConclusionsAdaptive LV‐only pacing was comparable to BVP in improving cardiac function and clinical condition in CRT‐indicated patients. This finding raises the possibility that an adaptive LVP algorithm with appropriate right ventricular sensing to fuse with intrinsic right ventricular activation in a two‐lead (right atrium and left ventricle) device may provide clinical benefit in a subset of CRT patients with intact atrioventricular conduction.
Ten‐day decitabine with venetoclax versus intensive chemotherapy in relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia: A propensity score‐matched analysis
Authors: Maiti Abhishek , DiNardo Courtney D. , Qiao Wei , Kadia Tapan M. , Jabbour Elias J. , Rausch Caitlin R. , Daver Naval G. , Short Nicholas J. , Borthakur Gautam , Pemmaraju Naveen , Yilmaz Musa , Alvarado Yesid , Montalbano Kathryn S. , Wade Allison , Maduike Rita E. , Guerrero Julio A. , Vaughan Kenneth , Bivins Carol A. , Pierce Sherry , Ning Jing , Ravandi Farhad , Kantarjian Hagop M. , Konopleva Marina Y. 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundRelapsed/refractory (R/R) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has poor outcomes. Although lower‐intensity venetoclax‐containing regimens are standard for older/unfit patients with newly diagnosed AML, it is unknown how such regimens compare with intensive chemotherapy (IC) for R/R AML.MethodsOutcomes of R/R AML treated with 10‐day decitabine and venetoclax (DEC10‐VEN) were compared with IC‐based regimens including idarubicin with cytarabine, with or without cladribine, clofarabine, or fludarabine, with or without additional agents. Propensity scores derived from patient baseline characteristics were used to match DEC10‐VEN and IC patients to minimize bias.ResultsSixty‐five patients in the DEC10‐VEN cohort were matched to 130 IC recipients. The median ages for the DEC10‐VEN and IC groups were 64 and 58 years, respectively, and baseline characteristics were balanced between the 2 cohorts. DEC10‐VEN conferred significantly higher responses compared with IC including higher overall response rate (60% vs 36%; odds ratio [OR], 3.28; P < .001), complete remission with incomplete hematologic recovery (CRi, 19% vs 6%; OR, 3.56; P = .012), minimal residual disease negativity by flow cytometry (28% vs 13%; OR, 2.48; P = .017), and lower rates of refractory disease. DEC10‐VEN led to significantly longer median event‐free survival compared with IC (5.7 vs 1.5 months; hazard ratio [HR], 0.46; 95% CI, 0.30‐0.70; P < .001), as well as median overall survival (OS; 6.8 vs 4.7 months; HR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.37‐0.86; P = .008). DEC10‐VEN was independently associated with improved OS compared with IC in multivariate analysis. Exploratory analysis for OS in 27 subgroups showed that DEC10‐VEN was comparable with IC as salvage therapy for R/R AML.ConclusionDEC10‐VEN represents an appropriate salvage therapy and may offer better responses and survival compared with IC in adults with R/R AML.
Serum extracellular vesicles containing MIAT induces atrial fibrosis, inflammation and oxidative stress to promote atrial remodeling and atrial fibrillation via blockade of miR‐485‐5p‐mediated CXCL10 inhibition
Authors: Chen Yingwei , Chen Xiaojie , Li Haiyu , Li Yunpeng , Cheng Dong , Tang Yi , Sang Haiqiang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF), a supraventricular arrhythmia that impairs cardiac function, is a main source of morbidity and mortality. Serum‐derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been identified to carry potential biomarker or target for the diagnosis and treatment of AF. We intended to dissect out the role of lncRNA MIAT enriched in serum‐derived EVs in AF.MethodsMIAT expression was quantified in EVs isolated from serum samples of AF patients. Mouse and cell models of AF were developed after angiotensin II (Ang II) induction. Relationship between MIAT, miR‐485‐5p, and CXCL10 was identified. Ectopic expression and depletion assays were implemented in Ang II‐treated mice or HL‐1 cells, or those co‐cultured with serum‐derived EVs to explore the roles of EV‐carried MIAT.ResultsMIAT was upregulated in EVs from serum samples of AF patients. Further analysis indicated that MIAT enriched in serum‐derived EVs promoted atrial fibrosis, inflammation and oxidative stress, and aggravated the atrial remodeling and resultant AF. Mechanistically, MIAT bound to miR‐485‐5p and weakened its inhibitory role on the target CXCL10, which was responsible for the role of serum‐derived EV containing MIAT in cellular fibrosis, oxidative stress and inflammation, and atrial remodeling in vivo.ConclusionsIn conclusion, serum‐derived EV containing MIAT facilitates atrial remodeling and exacerbates the AF by abolishing the miR‐485‐5p‐mediated CXCL10 inhibition. This finding aids in the deeper understanding about the pathophysiology of AF.
An approach to rapid processing of camera trap images with minimal human input
Authors: Duggan Matthew T. , Groleau Melissa F. , Shealy Ethan P. , Self Lillian S. , Utter Taylor E. , Waller Matthew M. , Hall Bryan C. , Stone Chris G. , Anderson Layne L. , Mousseau Timothy A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCamera traps have become an extensively utilized tool in ecological research, but the manual processing of images created by a network of camera traps rapidly becomes an overwhelming task, even for small camera trap studies.We used transfer learning to create convolutional neural network (CNN) models for identification and classification. By utilizing a small dataset with an average of 275 labeled images per species class, the model was able to distinguish between species and remove false triggers.We trained the model to detect 17 object classes with individual species identification, reaching an accuracy up to 92% and an average F1 score of 85%. Previous studies have suggested the need for thousands of images of each object class to reach results comparable to those achieved by human observers; however, we show that such accuracy can be achieved with fewer images.With transfer learning and an ongoing camera trap study, a deep learning model can be successfully created by a small camera trap study. A generalizable model produced from an unbalanced class set can be utilized to extract trap events that can later be confirmed by human processors.
Li3La[PS4]2: The First Lithium Lanthanum Ortho‐Thiophosphate
Authors: Lange Pia L. , Schleid Thomas 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe first lithium‐containing lanthanum ortho‐thiophosphate(V) with the formula Li3La[PS4]2 crystallizes orthorhombically in the space group Pbca with a=1053.51(6) pm, b=1920.62(11) pm, c=1165.83(7) pm and Z=8. Colorless single crystals were obtained from the reaction of lanthanum trichloride, dilithium sulfide and diphosphorus pentasulfide at 750 °C with lithium chloride as by‐product. The new structure of Li3La[PS4]2 features characteristic [PS4]3− anions and a crystallographically unique La3+‐cation position, surrounded by eight sulfur atoms from four [PS4]3− tetrahedra constructing a trigonal dodecahedron. These [LaS8]13− polyhedra are connected via [PS4]3− tetrahedra to form strongly corrugated layers (

) spreading out parallel to the ac‐plane with Li+ cations in between residing in four‐, five‐ and sixfold sulfur coordination. Raman‐spectroscopic measurements were performed to visualize further vibrational modes, whereas diffuse reflectance spectroscopy verified the absorption of UV light, owing to the colorless appearance of the crystals. The optical band gap was found to be at 3.25 eV. Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDXS) measurements assured the absence of chlorine in the investigated single crystals. Calculations of Effective Coordination Numbers (ECoN) for each crystallographic position confirm the refined coordination environments for all atoms. Further investigations of the Madelung Parts of the Lattice Energies (MAPLE) point out the strong relationship of Li3La[PS4]2 with the ternary compounds of Li3[PS4] and La[PS4].
Catalytic Water Oxidation by a RuII Half Sandwich Complex
Authors: Vatsa Aditi , Kumar Padhi Sumanta 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWater splitting is an emerging domain in the sustainable energy system. In this study a half‐sandwich [Ru(η6‐benzene)(hdm)]BF4 [Ru‐hdm] complex (hdm=hydroxydi(pyridine‐2‐yl)methanolate) has been synthesized and characterized through various spectroscopic techniques. The complex [Ru‐hdm] has been employed to investigate the activity towards electrochemical and chemical water oxidation. Efficient generation of O2 through chemical and electrochemical water oxidation (98 % Faradaic efficiency) in deionized water was observed. The formation of insoluble particles of [RuVI=O] and [RuIV=O] species in the reaction mixture and a coating over the surface of the silicone rubber septum has been noticed. The kinetics of chemical water oxidation reveals the 1st order dependency on CAN and catalyst concentration.
Versatile Heteroleptic Cu(I) Complexes Based on Quino(xa)‐line‐Triazole Ligands: from Visible‐Light Absorption and Cooperativity to Luminescence and Photoredox Catalysis
Authors: Bruschi Cecilia , Gui Xin , Salaeh‐arae Nasrin , Barchi Tobia , Fuhr Olaf , Lebedkin Sergei , Klopper Wim , Bizzarri Claudia 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFour new heteroleptic Cu(I) complexes based on 1, 2, 3‐triazolyl‐quinoline or quinoxaline and a chelating diphosphine were prepared and fully characterised. The mononuclear derivatives absorb in the visible region, up to 600 nm, while the dinuclear complex has a long‐tail absorption up to 800 nm, showing an additional electronic state corroborated by theoretical calculations. Although a methylene group between the triazole and the quino(xa)line moiety increases the bite angle and decreases the luminescence in solution, all complexes emit brightly in the solid‐state. Their redox properties in the excited state were determined, proving their ability in serving as photoredox catalysts in atom transfer radical addition successfully.
Isolation of a Cyclopentasilane from Magnesium Reduction of a Linear Hexasilane
Authors: Ballestero‐Martínez Ernesto , Ferguson John T. , Siegler Maxime A. , Klausen Rebekka S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe reductive cyclization of two linear hexasilanes is contrasted, where a methylated precursor yielded a cyclohexasilane while the tert‐butyl‐functionalized analog unexpectedly yielded a cyclopentasilane. A comprehensive analysis using X‐ray diffraction, IR, HR, HRMS, and multinuclear (1H, 13C and 29Si) 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy identified the 1,2‐dihydrodisilane tBuPhHSi‐SiHPhtBu as an additional product, which was interpreted as supportive of a mechanism involving silylene elimination. The results of this study may prove informative about substituent effects in the practice of complex organosilicon molecular synthesis.
Research Advances in Regulating the Microenviroment of Enzyme Electrodes in Non‐aqueous Systems: A Minireview
Authors: Wang Shizhen , Xiong Yu , Sartin Matthew M. , Zhan Dongping 
Published: August 2021

AbstractExploring bioelectroanalysis and bioelectrocatalysis in non‐aqueous systems are essential for bridging the gap between laboratorial and industrial scale. Bioelectrodes based on carbon nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes and graphene, have been designed and fabricated with biocompatible surface functionalities. This review presents recent advances in regulation of a biocompatible microenvironment of enzyme electrodes in non‐aqueous systems. We summarize the modification strategies to facilitate electron transfer and promote enrichment of hydrophobic analytes. We focus on the mining and modification for robust oxidoreductases from extremophiles to explore the biosensors in extreme conditions. Challenges and future prospects for bioelectrodes in non‐aqueous systems are discussed.
Antecedent controls on the spatial organization of yardangs on the Puna Plateau, north‐western Argentina
Authors: Favaro Elena A. , Hugenholtz Chris H. , Barchyn Thomas E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractYardangs are streamlined ridges that form in arid environments on Earth and Mars through wind‐driven abrasion of consolidated substrates. Currently, there is limited consensus on the mechanisms that initiate and establish patterns of yardangs on the landscape. In this work, we examine the spatial organization of yardangs in the Campo de Piedra Pómez ignimbrite deposit of north‐western Argentina and identify evidence of antecedent controls on yardang patterns and formation. We mapped 14,826 yardangs in the region using a high‐resolution digital elevation model (DEM) and satellite imagery. We classified yardangs as points using a two‐stage decision rule based on morphology and spectral characteristics. Point pattern analysis shows that yardangs in the study area are not randomly distributed and commonly exhibit directional anisotropy in point pattern. The anisotropic pattern manifests as bands of closely‐spaced yardangs oriented transverse to the dominant northwesterly wind direction. We hypothesize that banding is controlled by pre‐existing antecedent topography in the bedrock, such as fumaroles or ridges associated with pyroclastic flow deposits. We present evidence from other locations on Earth and Mars to illustrate that the transverse banding is a common pattern in yardang landscapes.
Effects of the Colorectal Cancer Control Program
Authors: Bitler Marianne P. , Carpenter Christopher S. , Horn Danea 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAlthough colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is highly effective, screening rates lag far below recommended levels, particularly for low‐income people. The Colorectal Cancer Control Program (CRCCP) funded $100 million in competitively awarded grants to 25 states from 2009–2015 to increase CRC screening rates among low‐income, uninsured populations, in part by directly providing and paying for screening services. Using data from the 2001–2015 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) and a difference‐in‐differences strategy, we find no effects of CRCCP on the use of relatively cheap fecal occult blood tests (FOBT). We do, however, find that the CRCCP significantly increased the likelihood that uninsured 50–64‐year‐olds report ever having a relatively expensive endoscopic CRC screening (sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy) by 2.9 percentage points, or 10.7%. These effects are larger for women, minorities, and individuals who did not undertake other types of preventive care. We do not find that the CRCCP led to significant changes in CRC cancer detection. Our results indicate that the CRCCP was effective at increasing CRC screening rates among the most vulnerable.