bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FiO2 Before Surfactant, but Not Time to Surfactant, Affects Outcomes in Infants With Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Kruczek Piotr , Krajewski Paweł , Hożejowski Roman , Szczapa Tomasz 
Published: October 2021

Aim: To establish the impact of oxygen requirement before surfactant (SF) and time from birth to SF administration on treatment outcomes in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).Methods: We conducted a post-hoc analysis of data from a prospective cohort study of 500 premature infants treated with less invasive surfactant administration (LISA). LISA failure was defined as the need for early (&lt;72 h of life) mechanical ventilation (MV). Baseline clinical characteristic parameters, time to SF, and fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) prior to SF were all included in the multifactorial logistic regression model that explained LISA failure.Results: LISA failed in 114 of 500 infants (22.8%). The median time to SF was 2.1 h (IQR: 0.8–6.7), and the median FiO2 prior to SF was 0.40 (IQR: 0.35–0.50). Factors significantly associated with LISA failure were FiO2 prior to SF (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01–1.04) and gestational age (OR 0.82, 95 CI 0.75–0.89); both p &lt;0.001. Time to SF was not an independent risk factor for therapy failure (p = 0.528) or the need for MV at any time during hospitalization (p = 0.933).Conclusions: The FiO2 before SF, but not time to SF, influences the need for MV in infants with RDS. While our findings support the relevance of FiO2 in SF prescription, better adherence to the recommended FiO2 threshold for SF (0.30) is required in daily practice.
Deletion of PRAK Mitigates the Mitochondria Function and Suppresses Insulin Signaling in C2C12 Myoblasts Exposed to High Glucose
Authors: Zhang Ling , Wang Jianguo , Zhao Yu Tina , Dubielecka Patrycja , Qin Gangjian , Zhuang Shougang , Chin Eugene Y , Liu Paul Y , Zhao Ting C 
Published: October 2021

Background: p38 regulated/activated protein kinase (PRAK) plays a crucial role in modulating cell death and survival. However, the role of PRAK in the regulation of metabolic stress remains unclear. We examined the effects of PRAK on cell survival and mitochondrial function in C2C12 myoblasts in response to high glucose stresses.Methods: PRAK of C2C12 myoblasts was knocked out by using CRISPR/Cas-9 genome editing technology. Both wild type and PRAK−/− C2C12 cells were exposed to high glucose at the concentration of 30 mmol/L to induce metabolic stress. The effect of irisin, an adipomyokine, on both wild type and PRAK−/− cells was determined to explore its relationship with RPAK. Cell viability, ATP product, glucose uptake, mitochondrial damage, and insulin signaling were assessed.Results: PRAK knockout decreased C2C12 viability in response to high glucose stress as evident by MTT assay in association with the reduction of ATP and glucose uptake. PRAK knockout enhanced apoptosis of C2C12 myoblasts in response to high glucose, consistent with an impairment in mitochondrial function, by decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential. PRAK knockout induced impairment of mitochondrial and cell damage were rescued by irisin. PRAK knockout caused decrease in phosphorylated PI3 kinase at Tyr 485, IRS-1 and AMPKα and but did not affect non-phosphorylated PI3 kinase, IRS-1 and AMPKα signaling. High glucose caused the further reduction of phosphorylated PI3 kinase, IRS-1 and AMPKα. Irisin treatment preserved phosphorylated PI3 kinase, IRS-1by rescuing PRAK in high glucose treatment.Conclusion: Our finding indicates a pivotal role of PRAK in preserving cellular survival, mitochondrial function, and high glucose stress.
Evaluation of Biosafety, Antiobesity, and Endothelial Cells Proliferation Potential of Basil Seed Extract Loaded Organic Solid Lipid Nanoparticle
Authors: Subash-Babu Pandurangan , Al-Saran Nada , M. Alshammari Ghedeir , Naif Al-Harbi Laila , Hussain Alhussain Maha , Shamlan Ghalia , Abdulaziz AlSedairy Sahar , Abdullah Alshatwi Ali 
Published: October 2021

The present study aimed to synthesize solid lipid nanoparticles to enhance liposome-assisted intracellular uptake of basil seed active components in adipocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells to attain increased bioavailability. To obtain solid lipid nanoparticle (SLNp), the water phase containing basil seed extract (BSE) was encapsulated with lipid matrix containing chia seed phospholipids using homogenization and cold ultra-sonication method. The physicochemical characterization of BSE loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (BSE-SLNp) has been analyzed using Zetasizer, FT-IR, and TEM. The BSE-SLNp showed an average diameter of 20–110 nm on the day of preparation and it remains the same after 60 days of storage. The cytotoxicity assay confirmed that the BSE-SLNp did not produce toxicity in hMSCs, preadipocytes, or human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) until the tested higher dose up to 64 μg/ml. During effective dose determination, 4 μg/ml of BSE-SLNp confirmed non-toxic and enhanced metabolic function in hMSCs, preadipocytes, and HUVECs. Biosafety assay confirmed normal nuclear morphology in PI staining and high mitochondrial membrane potential in JC-1 assay within 48 h in hMSCs. The maturing adipocyte treated with 4 μg/ml of BSE-SLNp significantly increased the mitochondrial efficiency and fatty acid beta-oxidation (PPARγC1α, UCP-1, and PRDM-16) related gene expression levels. Oxidative stress induced HUVECs treated with 4 μg/ml of BSE-SLNp potentially enhanced antioxidant capacity, cell growth, and microtubule development within 48 h H2O2 induced oxidative stressed HUVECs have shown 39.8% viable cells, but treatment with BSE-SLNp has shown 99% of viable cells within 48 h confirmed by Annexin-V assay. In addition, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) increased to 89.4% confirmed by JC-1 assay. The observed DNA integrity, cell viability was confirmed by increased antioxidant and tumor suppressor-related gene expression levels. VEGF expression has been significantly increased and pro-inflammation-related mRNA levels were decreased in BSE-SLNp treated cells. In conclusion, enhanced adipocyte fatty acid oxidation is directly associated with decreased adipocytokine secretion which arrests obesity-associated comorbidities. In addition, suppressing vascular cell oxidative stress and metabolic inflammation supports vascular cell proliferation and arrests ageing-related vascular diseases.
Coherent Detection-Based Optical OFDM, 60 GHz Radio-over-Fiber Link Using Frequency Quadrupling, and Channel and Carrier Phase Estimation
Authors: Thool Sunil N , Chack Devendra , Kumar Amitesh 
Published: October 2021

The optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is proven to be a most promising technology for the next-generation high-capacity and ultra-wide bandwidth 5G communication systems. 60 GHz millimeter-wave (mm-wave) frequency band is also becoming a most popular upcoming frequency spectrum due to today’s available dense frequency spectrum used for mobile, multimedia, and data communication, etc. We propose a system comprised of 60 GHz radio-over-fiber (RoF) model using optimized optical frequency quadrupling, coherent detection, channel estimation, and carrier phase correction techniques for ultra-wide bandwidth 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) OFDM baseband signal. The proposed RoF system’s outcomes have shown relatively better bit error rate (BER) of 3.1 × 10–3 to enable successful transmission of 110 Gbps data for more than 105 km optical link comprising of standard single-mode fiber (SSMF). System performance and obtained results show a potential to fulfill the requirements of 5G and cellular communication system.
Can a Multi-Component Intervention Improve Pediatric Service Delivery in Guangzhou?
Authors: Hu Fang , Guo Shuaijun , Lu Jianjun , Li Ziang , Song Yanyan , Pérez-Escamilla Rafael , Lin Suifang , Hu Yifei 
Published: October 2021

Background: Accessible, equitable, and efficient pediatric service is critical to achieve optimal child health. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a multi-component intervention on the pediatric health system over two different periods in Guangzhou.Methods: Based on the World Health Organization (WHO) “six building blocks” model and Donabedian's “Structure-Process-Outcomes” framework, an intervention package was developed to increase financial and human resouce investment to strengthen basic health care and strive for a better quality of pediatric care. This multi-component intervention package was conducted in Guangzhou to improve the pediatric service delivery during two stages (2011–2014 and 2016–2019). The main outcome indicators were the changes in the allocation of pediatricians and pediatric beds, pediatric service efficiency, and the impact of pediatricians on child mortality.Results: We found that pediatricians per 1,000 children (PPTC) and pediatric beds per 1,000 children (PBPTC) increased from 1.07 and 2.37 in 2010 to 1.37 and 2.39 in 2014, then to 1.47 and 2.93 in 2019, respectively. Infant mortality rate (IMR) and under-5 mortality rate (U5MR) dropped from 5.46‰ and 4.04‰ in 2010 to 4.35‰ and 3.30‰ in 2014 then to 3.26‰ and 2.37‰ in 2019. The Gini coefficients of PPTC and PBPTC decreased from 0.48 and 0.38 in 2010, to 0.35 and 0.28 in 2014, then to 0.35 and 0.22 in 2019, respectively, representing the improvement of pediatric resources distribution according to service population. However, equalities in the spatial distribution were not improved much. The average efficiency of pediatric service fluctuated from 2010 to 2019. A unit increase in PPTC was associated with an 11% reduction in IMR and a 16% reduction in U5MR.Conclusions: Findings suggest this multi-component intervention strategy is effective, particularly on the reduction of child mortality. In future, more rigorous and multi-faceted indicators should be integrated in a comprehensive evaluation of the intervention.
The Effect of Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking on Bone Healing Following Femoral Fractures in Male Rats
Authors: Sadeghifar Amirreza , Sheibani Mohamad , Joukar Siyavash , Dabiri Shahriar , Alavi Samanehsadat , Azari Omid , Vosoghi Darioush , Zeynali Yas , Zeynali Yasman , Shahraki Mohamad , Torghabe Amirhesam , Rostamzadeh Farzaneh , Nasri Alireza 
Published: October 2021

Background: Given the increasing use of waterpipe tobacco smoking in the world and its unknown effects on bone healing, this study investigated the repairing of femoral bone fractures in rats exposed to waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS).Main Methods: This study involved 40 male Wistar rats that were divided into two groups, including the femoral fracture (Fx) and the Fx + WTS groups. Each group was divided into two subgroups that were evaluated for bone healing 28 and 42 days after femoral fracture. After fixing the fractured femur, the healing process was evaluated by radiography, pathological indicators, and a measurement of the blood levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), parathyroid hormone (PTH), Ca ++, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). Additionally, the density of VEGF and CD34 in fracture tissue was investigated by immunohistochemistry.Key Findings: Radiographic findings showed that factors related to the earlier stages of bone healing had higher scores in the Fx + WTS28 and 42 subgroups in comparison to the Fx groups. The density of VEGF and CD34 showed that the angiogenesis processes were different in the bone fracture area and callus tissue in the Fx +WTS subgroups. The serum levels of VEGF, TGF-β, and IGF-1 were significantly lower in the Fx +WTS42 group, and PTH in the Fx +WTS28 group was higher than that in the other groups.Significance: The findings showed the disturbance and delay in the femoral fracture union in rats exposed to hookah smoke. This is partly due to the reduction of molecular stimuli of bone synthesis and the attenuation of quantitative angiogenesis.
RETRACTED: Effect of Intraoperative Ventilation Strategies on Postoperative Pulmonary Complications: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lei Min , Bao Qi , Luo Huanyu , Huang Pengfei , Xie Junran 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: The role of intraoperative ventilation strategies in subjects undergoing surgery is still contested. This meta-analysis study was performed to assess the relationship between the low tidal volumes strategy and conventional mechanical ventilation in subjects undergoing surgery.Methods: A systematic literature search up to December 2020 was performed in OVID, Embase, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Google scholar, and 28 studies including 11,846 subjects undergoing surgery at baseline and reporting a total of 2,638 receiving the low tidal volumes strategy and 3,632 receiving conventional mechanical ventilation, were found recording relationships between low tidal volumes strategy and conventional mechanical ventilation in subjects undergoing surgery. Odds ratio (OR) or mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated between the low tidal volumes strategy vs. conventional mechanical ventilation using dichotomous and continuous methods with a random or fixed-effect model.Results: The low tidal volumes strategy during surgery was significantly related to a lower rate of postoperative pulmonary complications (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.44–0.83, p &lt; 0.001), aspiration pneumonitis (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.46–0.86, p &lt; 0.001), and pleural effusion (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.56–0.92, p &lt; 0.001) compared to conventional mechanical ventilation. However, the low tidal volumes strategy during surgery was not significantly correlated with length of hospital stay (MD, −0.48; 95% CI, −0.99–0.02, p = 0.06), short-term mortality (OR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.70–1.10, p = 0.25), atelectasis (OR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.57–1.01, p = 0.06), acute respiratory distress (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.67–1.66, p = 0.81), pneumothorax (OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 0.88–2.15, p = 0.17), pulmonary edema (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.38–1.26, p = 0.23), and pulmonary embolism (OR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.26–1.60, p = 0.35) compared to conventional mechanical ventilation.Conclusions: The low tidal volumes strategy during surgery may have an independent relationship with lower postoperative pulmonary complications, aspiration pneumonitis, and pleural effusion compared to conventional mechanical ventilation. This relationship encouraged us to recommend the low tidal volumes strategy during surgery to avoid any possible complications.
CARACTERIZACIÓN FÍSICO-QUÍMICA DE HARINA DE TRIGO, MASA Y PAN
Authors: Montoya-López Jairo , Giraldo-Giraldo Germán Antonio 
Published: October 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar algunos componentes químicos en una harina de trigo comercial, la masa y el pan elaborado. A la harina se le determinó el índice de blancura; a la harina de trigo comercial y al pan se les realizo análisis de calorimetría diferencial de barrido (DSC) y análisis termogravimétrico (TGA); a la harina, la masa y el pan se les realizo análisis de humedad, actividad de agua (aw) y determinación de color. Los resultados mostraron un cambio de color significativo de la masa (ÄE=5.4191) y del pan (ÄE=12.7314) respecto a la materia prima (ÄE= 0), los resultados de la humedad y de la actividad de agua, fueron los esperados comparados con los datos encontrados en la bibliografía. Otros componentes evaluados fueron: Determinación de DSC y TGA a la harina de trigo lo que permitió la identificación de estructuras que son consecuencia de las condiciones de procesamiento como las generadas durante la transición vítrea, la gelatinización y la retrogradación del almidón, al igual que las modificaciones térmicas por los tratamientos combinados de calor y humedad, los cuales cambian las propiedades fisicoquímicas del almidón sin destruir su estructura granular, igualmente en la determinación de DSC y TGA para el pan, la transición vítrea se induce por el cambio de temperatura de un polímero amorfo vítreo a un estado progresivamente gomoso cuando este se calienta.
EL TIEMPO ENTRE TRAYECTORIAS Y TRANSFORMACIONES
Authors: Molina-Zapata Jorge Eliécer 
Published: October 2021

El carácter de la ciencia o del pensamiento contemporáneo fluye en función del «papel constructivo del tiempo» en procesos irreversibles, los mismos que sustentan lo que ha sido la evolución de la vida y la biodiversidad en el planeta. En tal sentido, este concepto de tiempo acontece como un «cambio revolucionario» para nuestra cultura en tanto nos permite percibir un mundo donde lo humano no es extraño a la naturaleza tal como ocurría con el dominio explicativo de la ciencia clásica. De ahí que, aun considerando la innegable utilidad y las comodidades que el desarrollo de la ciencia moderna nos ha concedido, actualmente no es sustentable un pensamiento simplista dada la naturaleza altamente compleja de los problemas que nos sobrecogen. En efecto, las condiciones de vida del entorno social y ecológico de nuestra época, en todos sus niveles y planos, demandan transiciones en los modos como habitamos el mundo, pues en ello se juega la viabilidad de la especie humana en el devenir de la vida en general. Es sorprendente percibir cómo ha cambiado la concepción de la ciencia en tan corto tiempo al punto que es posible afirmar un nuevo pensamiento científico en torno a la diversidad e inestabilidad, la aurora de un dominio explicativo que se muestra jovial y fecundo.
Powtoon como estrategia de enseñanza en Ciencias Naturales en la Básica Superior
Authors: Quito-Peralta Ángel Geovanny , Álvarez-Lozano María Isabel 
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo trata sobre el uso del video en el aula como estrategia de enseñanza en la asignatura de Ciencias Naturales, busca identificar el nivel de conocimiento que tienen los miembros de la comunidad educativa sobre dicho recurso, para generar una propuesta en donde se presenten algunas pautas a considerar para aplicar el video en la clase. La investigación es de tipo mixta, no experimental y de cohorte transversal. Gracias a la recolección de datos en donde participaron estudiantes, docentes y la rectora de la institución se pudo evidenciar su relación con el video, sus beneficios y limitaciones. Gracias a esta data se pudo conocer que tanto estudiantes como docente y rectora de la institución consideran que el video es un excelente recurso dentro del aula considerando que motiva y fomenta la interacción de quienes participan en la clase. Sin embargo, se pudo constatar que actualmente no existe una constante capacitación sobre el uso de mencionado recurso.
Gestión de los servicios de Enfermería frente al COVID-19
Authors: Amaya-Córdova Ricardo Rosendo , López-Orrala Armando Cristhian , Lara-Gorozabel Mayra Rosa , Toala-Pincay Karen Melissa 
Published: October 2021

Antecedentes: La gestión de los servicios de enfermería frente al COVID-19, ha sido uno de los procesos hospitalarios de mayor dinamismo durante el período por pandemia, por cuanto es el personal encargado de aplicar el tratamiento médico a los pacientes en primera línea de batalla. Objetivo: Analizar la gestión de los servicios de enfermería frente al COVID-19 en un hospital público de la provincia de Manabí – Ecuador. Metodología: De tipo descriptiva observacional no experimental. Resultados: El factor con mayor importancia de los encuestados, se radicó en la actualización profesional durante el período inicial de pandemia por COVID-19, considerándose como un elemento fundamental para abordar la atención del paciente, seguido del trabajo en equipo. Conclusión: Es necesario fomentar estrategias para mantener en alto nivel de eficacia al personal durante su estancia en cuidados intermedios e intensivos en relación a cuidado personal, trabajo en equipo, manejo de salud mental.
THE EFFECT OF BITCOIN ON THE GLOBAL ECONOMY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE EVOLUTION OF CONCEPTS RELATED TO DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Jibai Bilal , Nassour Ahmad 
Published: October 2021

This study intends to sort out what will be the normal choices of the customary financial frameworks and how the world economy will draw in and manage those normal other options. Since technological improvement is profoundly quick and momentous, it is imperative to comprehend the discernments, practices, correspondence, and the possibility of selection of those other options. Advanced monetary standards and cryptographic forms of money are non-customary financial monetary forms that depend on something referred to as blockchain innovation. There is an excessive number of advanced digital forms of money these days, all of them having their own attributes and specificities. A portion of those advanced digital currencies will be studied in this research. It is imperative to mention here that only one out of every odd nation acknowledges the progress in this area, and such nations arrangement are often influenced by their World Bank rank — low, lower-middle, upper-middle, and high-income countries. More, this research looks at the social side of bitcoin and blockchain development in these nations. Bitcoin is tremendously influencing the economy overall. That’s why it quickly became of interest for many financially trained professionals and academicians. Unfortunately, this type of money has been increasingly used for criminal activities too. This research discusses all these sides as well as the important impacts bitcoin has on the population.
EFEKTIFITAS PENGGUNAAN E-WALLET DIKALANGAN MAHASISWA DALAM PROSES MENENTUKAN KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN
Authors: Nadhilah Putri , Jatikusumo Ridwan Indra , Permana Erwin 
Published: October 2021

AbstrakPerkembangan teknologi internet semakin hari semakin berkembang pesat. Salah satu dampaknya yaitu timbul kebiasaan baru dalam peralihan bertransaksi tunai menjadi non tunai. Perusahaan Fintech berlomba-lomba menciptakan aplikasi dengan fitur-fitur menarik diantaranya E-Wallet. Saat ini mahasiswa menjadi target baru perusahaan dalam menawarkan fitur tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa efektif penggunaan E-Wallet dalam menentukan keputusan pembelian bagi mahasiswa. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis data sekunder yang diperoleh masing-masing website/aplikasi penyedia jasa E-Wallet, yakni: www.ovo.id. dan www.gojek.com/gopay/ serta menggunakan studi kepustakaan dari jurnal-jurnal untuk relevan dengan pokok masalah. Teknik analisis data yang digunkan yaitu teknik analisis deskriptif yaitu mengambil simpulan dari pernyataan atau fakta-fakta khusus menjadi persoalan yang spesifik dan dibuat simpulan umum sesuaidengan teori-teori yang tersedia. Hasil dari penelitian ini terdapat tiga alasan yang mendasar yaitu penawaran promo dan fitur menarik, kenyamanan dan kemudahan penggunaan E-Wallet itu sendiri yang menjadikan penggunaan E-Wallet cukup efektif dalam proses menentukan keputusan pembelian di kalangan mahasiswa.Kata kunci: efektifitas, E-Wallet, mahasiswa, pembelian, teknologi AbstractThe development of internet technology is increasingly growing rapidly. One of the impacts is the new habit of switching from cash to non-cash transactions. Fintech companies are competing to create applications with interesting features, including E-Wallet. Currently, students are the company's new target in offering these features. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using E-Wallet in determining student purchasing decisions. The data technique in this study used secondary data analysis obtained by each E-Wallet service provider site/application, namely: www.ovo.id. and www.gojek.com/gopay/ and uses literature study from journals relevant to the subject matter. The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis technique which takes statements or specific facts into specific problems and makes general conclusions according to the available theories. The results of this study are three basic reasons, namely promo offers and attractive features, convenience and the use of E-Wallet itself which uses the use of E-Wallet which is quite effective in the process of determining purchasing decisions among students..Keywords: efectivity, E-Wallet, student, purchase, technology