bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishment and Resilience of Transplanted Gut Microbiota in Aged Mice
Authors: Wang Ying , Tang Jinhui , Lv Qingqing , Tan Yuxiang , Dong Xiaoxiao , Liu Hongbin , Zhao Nannan , He Zhen , Kou Yan , Tan Yan , Liu Xin-an , Wang Liping , Liu Yang-yu , Dai Lei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), a procedure in which fecal material is transferred from a donor to a recipient, has been increasingly used as a treatment to restore healthy gut microbiota. There is a substantial difference in the composition of gut microbiota between young and aged hosts, but little is known about whether age matching between the FMT donor and recipient affects microbiota restoration and long-term maintenance. In the present investigation, we aimed to study the establishment and resilience of transplanted gut microbiota in aged recipients. Results: We treated naturally aged mice (20 months old) with a broad-spectrum antibiotic cocktail and monitored the restoration of gut microbiota over 8 weeks. The diversity of gut microbiota in aged mice failed to reach the baseline level via spontaneous recovery; in contrast, FMT from either (age-)matched or unmatched donors facilitated the recovery of gut microbiota diversity. The microbiota transplanted from different donors successfully established in the aged recipients and had long-term effects on the gene expression profiles of the host colon. Finally, we evaluated the long-term maintenance of transplanted microbiota via intentional disruption of gut homeostasis. We found that lack of age matching between FMT donors and recipients may decrease the resilience of transplanted gut microbiota against colonic inflammation. Conclusions: The results from our study systematically examining the effects of FMT on the gut homeostasis of aged hosts suggest that the compatibility between donors and recipients should be taken into account when implementing FMT.
A Deep Learning Method for Estimating Patient Body Weight Using Computed Tomography Scout Images
Authors: Ichikawa Shota , Hamada Misaki , Sugimori Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Body weight is an indispensable parameter for determination of the dose of contrast media, appropriate drug dosing, or management of radiation dose. However, we cannot always determine the accurate patient body weight at the time of computed tomography (CT) scan, especially in emergency care. In this study, based on 1831 chest and 519 abdominal CT scout images with the corresponding body weight, we developed deep learning models capable of automatically predicting body weight from CT scout images. In the assessment of model performance, there were strong correlations between the actual and predicted body weight both in chest (r = 0.955, p < 0.001) and abdominal datasets (r = 0.901, p < 0.001). Mean absolute errors were 2.75 kg and 4.77 kg for chest and abdominal datasets, respectively. The proposed method was able to predict body weight from chest and abdominal CT scout images with high accuracy. Body weight derived from our method may show potential use in determination of the dose of contrast media and management of radiation dose in adult patients with unknown body weight.
Scrutiny Of Chemical Surfactants (n-Heptane, Polyimide, PVA, PVP, SDS) Based CdO Nanoparticles For The Application Of Solar Radiation Photocatalytic And Antimicrobial Activities
Authors: Somasundaram Gopi , R Jayaprakash 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The chemical surfactant-based synthesis route is the C-H-based aqueous method using to form the restrained shape of Cadmium Oxide (CdO) nanoparticles. The effect of different weight percentages of n-HEPTANE, POLYIMIDE, PVA, PVP, SDS in the preparation of CdO nanoparticles is studied. The surfactants are highly influenced by particle size variation and morphology gets changed. The role of surfactant is not produced any structural change apart from the particle size which is the advantageous part of the surfactant-based synthesis. The particle sizes from X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were found that there is a decrease in particle size from 54 to 92 nm when using the artificial chemical additives. The firmness of the CdO nanoparticles synthesized with help of chemical surfactants was characterized by UV-vis Diffused Reflectance Spectrometer (DRS), Fourier Transformer inferred (FT-IR), and photoluminescence studies. The photocatalytic activity and antimicrobial activity is investigated on using the chemical surfactant-based CdO nanoparticles as catalyst under Solar irradiation and zone inhibition method respectively.
Florfenicol-resistant, Rabbit-derived Providencia Rettgeri Isolate With 4 Copies of floR Genes in a Tandem-repeat Plasmid
Authors: Jiang Yi , Zhou Kexin , Zhang Peiyao , Dong Xu , sun Zhewei , Liang Jialei , Lin Hailong , Zhang Xueya , Li Qiaoling , Lu Junwan , Lin Xi , Lin Li , Li Kewei , Zhang Hailin , Xu Teng , Bao Qiyu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: This work aimed to investigate the resistance mechanism to antimicrobial agents (especially florfenicol) exhibited by Providencia isolates obtained from various sources.Methods: The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect the distribution of the florfenicol resistance genes. Conjugation, S1-PFGE (S1 nuclease pulsed-field gel electrophoresis), sequencing and other molecular methods were employed to analyze the transferability and structure of the resistance gene-encoding plasmids. Results: It showed that the human pathogens exhibited a wider resistance spectrum, while the animal bacteria had higher MIC values for most antibiotics analyzed. Of the seven florfenicol resistance genes (floR, fexA, fexB, optrA, estDL136, cfr and pexA) screened, only floR was identified in both animal (5/10, 50%) and human bacteria (3/13, 23.1%), and none of them was detected in freshwater fish isolates (0/22). The floR-positive strains exhibited high MIC levels for florfenicol (≥ 64 mg/L). The whole genome sequencing of the multidrug-resistant Providencia rettgeri strain R39 demonstrated that it carried four plasmids, with two larger plasmids encoding 5 copies of the floR genes. The largest plasmid, pR39-33 (32,936 bp) with 4 floR genes, was composed of 4 copies of the second large plasmid pR39-8 which encoded 8 ORFs (open reading frames) including a floR and two mobilization genes (mobAC) in the form of tandem repeat. It indicated that the floR gene represented the primary mechanism underlying the florfenicol resistance of the Providencia isolates. Conclusions: This report is the first to describe an antibiotic-resistant plasmid composed of four copies of another plasmid sequence in the form of a tandem repeat.
HDAC Inhibitor 4SC-202 Increases Sensitivity to Epirubicin in Liver Cancer Cells by Inhibition of ATM
Authors: Cheng Zhixiang , Sun Quan , Jiang Ping , Liao Bo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors can enhance the anticancer effect of epirubicin in liver cancer. However, the molecular mechanism remains unknown. In our study, we aimed to examine the effect of the combination of HDAC inhibitor 4SC-202 and epirubicin and the underlying mechanism in liver cancer cells. Methods: Cell viability assay, flow cytometry, western blotting, colony formation assay, animal experiment, immunohistochemistry, PCR, and chromatin immunoprecipitation were conducted. Results: We found that 4SC-202 and epirubicin inhibited the growth and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in of HepG2 and Huh7 cells. The combination treatment also reduced tumorigenicity of liver cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, 4SC-202 promoted tumor protein D52 (TPD52) transcription and induced TPD52 expression by inhibiting HDAC1/2. TPD52 downregulated ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) expression caused by epirubicin, and liver cancer cells were more sensitive to epirubicin after ATM inhibition. Conclusions: Our results show that 4SC-202 enhances chemosensitivity to epirubicin in liver cancer cells via inhibiting ATM and suggest that the combination may serve as a novel strategy for treatment of liver cancer.
SARS-CoV-2 infections among neonates born to women with SARS-CoV-2 infection: maternal, pregnancy and birth characteristics
Authors: Olsen Emily O’Malley , Roth Nicole M. , Aveni Kathryn , Sizemore Lindsey , Nestoridi Eirini , Siebman Samantha , Santos Pauline , Halai Umme-Aiman , Barton Jerusha , Patrick Paul H. , Sowunmi Similoluwa , Chicchelly Sarah , Schlosser Levi , Read Jennifer S. , Ellington Sascha R. , Hall Aron , Gilboa Suzanne M. , Tong Van T. , Woodworth Kate R. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Among 10,011 neonates of SARS-CoV-2-infected mothers, 1448 (14%) underwent PCR testing (and 1347 (95%) had mothers with third trimester infections). Fifty-nine (4%) were PCR-positive. Neonates testing positive were born to both symptomatic and asymptomatic women, and nearly all were born to women with infection identified near delivery.
Metabolic Syndrome Diagnosis Changes and Psoriasis Risk: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
Authors: Lee Hyun Ji , Han Kyung Do , Park Hae Eun , Han Ju Hee , Bang Chul Hwan , Park Young Min , Lee Ji Hyun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with psoriasis, but it remains unclear whether the risk of psoriasis remains in patients whose MetS diagnosis changes.
Objectives
To assess the associations between psoriasis risk and changes in MetS components.
Methods
We obtained data from the National Health Insurance Service of Korea and divided the participants into four groups: individuals without MetS (control); individuals with MetS in 2009 but without it in 2012 (pre-MetS); individuals without MetS in 2009, but with newly diagnosed MetS in 2012 (post-MetS); and individuals with MetS during the 2009–2012 period (continuous-MetS). We calculated the risk of psoriasis for each group.
Results
Psoriasis risks were similar in the control and pre-MetS groups, but were significantly higher in the post-MetS group (hazard ratio [HR], 1.08495%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.045–1.124) and in the continuous-MetS group (HR, 1.106; 95% CI, 1.068–1.145) than in the control group. Among MetS components, waist circumference showed the strongest association with psoriasis, followed by high-density lipoprotein and triglyceride levels.
Conclusion
Psoriasis risk was higher in patients with sustained or newly developed MetS than in those who did not have MetS (regardless of prior MetS status).
Development of a Prioritization Model to Compare Emergency Psychiatric Coverage Service Options
Authors: Sandling Jacqueline , Carrothers Kathleen , Svec David 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Reducing Length of Stay (LOS) is an important way for hospitals to improve emergency department (ED) costs and outcomes. Psychiatric patients represent a challenge to reducing LOS when the scarcity of psychiatric specialists leads to longer LOS. Previous literature describes the unique solutions different hospitals have employed across the US, but does not share methods for evaluating or selecting a solution that can be applied to other hospitals.Methods: We conducted a review of hospital ED case data, market research on psychiatry services, and interviews with hospital staff. This information, along with projected return on investment, was aggregated to create a holistic model for evaluating different service options and selecting the one with the best fit.Results: To develop a prioritization model that identifies the one psychiatric service improving psychiatric LOS and best fitting the hospital’s overall priorities and operations, our methodology identified 8 key factors that captured the overall difficulty of implementation and benefits associated with each service option.Conclusion: The Prioritization Model created in this study was instrumental in selecting the solution for reducing LOS in a way that best meets patients’ and the hospitals’ needs. This model may be applied to other hospitals and service evaluations to provide a holistic review and direct comparison of opportunities.
Diagnostic classification based on DNA methylation profiles using sequential machine learning approaches.
Authors: Wojewodzic Marcin W. , Lavender Jan P. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Aberrant methylation patterns in human DNA have great potential for the discovery of novel diagnostic and disease progression biomarkers. In this paper, we used machine learning algorithms to identify promising methylation sites for diagnosing cancerous tissue and to classify patients based on methylation values at these sites. We used genome-wide DNA methylation patterns from both cancerous and normal tissue samples, obtained from the Genomic Data Commons consortium and trialled our methods on three types of urological cancer. A decision tree was used to identify the methylation sites most useful for diagnosis. The identified locations were then used to train a neural network to classify samples as either cancerous or non-cancerous. Using this two-step approach we found strong indicative biomarker panels for each of the three cancer types. These methods could likely be translated to other cancers and improved by using non-invasive liquid methods such as blood instead of biopsy tissue.
Correlation of Clinicopathological Features and IL6 Expression in Tumor Budding of Colorectal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Uehara Takeshi , Sato Koichi , Iwaya Mai , Nakajima Tomoyuki , Tobe Yosuke , Nagaya Tadanobu , Miyagawa Yusuke , Ota Hiroyoshi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Interleukin-6 (IL6) is one of the main cytokines produced by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). IL6 is linked with cancer progression and poor prognosis by activating cancer cells and modifying the cancer microenvironment. However, little is known about the expression of IL6 in tumor budding (TB) and its association with TB in colorectal adenocarcinoma. Methods: The clinicopathological and prognostic significance of IL6 in TB was examined using a tissue microarray consisting of 36 patient samples of TB in CA. IL6 mRNA was detected by RNAscope kit. Patients were stratified into negative and positive IL6 expression groups. Results: IL6 expression was overwhelmingly observed in CAFs but was negligible in cancer cells. In the IL6-positive group in CAFs, TB grade was higher than in the IL6-negative group (P=0.0161). There was a significant difference in overall survival (OS) between CA cases in the IL6-positive group and the IL6-negative group (log rank test, P=0.0367). Cox proportional hazard regression model revealed that the IL6-negative group (OR = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.05–0.96; P=0.0440) had better OS for CA than the IL6-positive group. Conclusions: TB may be affected by IL6 expression, and IL6 expression in CAFs at TB may make IL6 an important prognostic marker.
Exacerbation of hepatic damage in endothelial aquaporin 1 transgenic mice after experimental heatstroke.
Authors: Ohtaki Hirokazu , Miyamoto Kazuyuki , Suzuki Keisuke , Nakamura Motoyasu , Yamaga Hiroki , Miyazaki Takuro , Wakayama Yoshihiro , Honda Kazuho , Dohi Kenji , Arata Satoru 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Heatstroke is a life-threatening disease that causes body fluid loss and electrolyte abnormalities due to exposure to high ambient temperature (AT) and relative humidity (RH). Recently, global warming has increased the number of heatstroke patients worldwide. Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) is a water-selective protein that plays an important role in water homeostasis. However, the role of AQP1 in heatstroke has not been elucidated yet. Therefore, in this study, we examined the role of endothelial AQP1 using Tie2-Cre/LNL-AQP1 double transgenic (dTG) mice with an upregulation of aqp1 on endothelial cells. Methods: Tie2-Cre/LNL-AQP1 dTG mice were generated by breeding CAG-LNL(STOP)-AQP1 Tg and Tie2-Cre Tg mice. The transgenes were evaluated in the brain because brain vessels do not express aqp1. For production of experimental heatstroke, the mice were kept in a heatstroke chamber that was pre-heated at 41 °C AT and >99% RH for 1 h, and the blood, brain, kidney, and liver were collected 24 h later. Blood samples were analyzed for biochemical parameters such as electrolytes and tissue damage markers, and the organs were examined via morphological and immunohistological (3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), AQP1, and Iba-1) staining. Results: Although no difference was observed in aqp1 expression in the whole brain, aqp1 was detected only in Tie2-Cre/LNL-AQP1 dTG mice after capillary deprivation. Moreover, AQP1 immunostaining also revealed immunoreaction in blood vessels. After heat exposure, electrolyte abnormalities were observed in both the wild and Tie2-Cre/LNL-AQP1 dTG mice compared to non-heat stroke wild mice. Hepatic damage markers, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, were increased, and serum lactate dehydrogenase levels were significantly higher in Tie2-Cre/LNL-AQP1 dTG mice than in wild mice. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and 3-NT immunoreactivity in the liver also supported hepatic damage. Moreover, the number of hepatic vasculature adherent Iba-1 positive cells was significantly higher in Tie2-Cre/LNL-AQP1 dTG mice than in wild mice. Conclusions: In the present study, for the first time, we suggested that endothelial AQP1 contributes to hepatic damage after heatstroke.
Comprehensive Mapping of Binding Hot Spots of SARS-CoV-2 RBD-specific Neutralizing Antibodies for Tracking Immune Escape Variants
Authors: Yi Chunyan , Sun Xiaoyu , Lin Yixiao , Gu Chenjian , Ding Longfei , Lu Xiao , Yang Zhuo , Zhang Yaguang , Ma Liyan , Gu Wangpeng , Qu Aidong , Zhou Xu , Li Xiuling , Xu Jianqing , Ling Zhiyang , Xie Youhua , Lu Hongzhou , Sun Bing 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The receptor-binding domain (RBD) variants of SARS-CoV-2 could impair antibody-mediated neutralization of the virus by host immunity; thus, prospective surveillance for such antibody escape mutants is urgently needed. Here, we comprehensively profiled four antigenic sites of the RBD and mapped the binding hot spots for a panel of RBD-specific monoclonal antibodies isolated from COVID-19 convalescents, especially dominant VH3-53/3–66 antibodies, which are valuable indicators of antigenic changes in the RBD. We further demonstrated that several natural mutations, namely, K417N, F486L, N450K, L452R, E484K, F490S and R346S, significantly decreased the neutralizing activity of multiple human monoclonal antibodies and of human convalescent plasma obtained in the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. Of note, among the natural escape mutations, L452R enhanced ACE2 binding affinity, indicating that it potentially increased virulence. Overall, the in-depth maps may have far-reaching value for surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 immune escape variants and guidance of vaccine design.
Metamaterial inspired triband offset feed rectangular monopole for wireless applications
Authors: S PRASAD JONES CHRISTYDASS , N Gunavathi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A rectangular monopole engraved with an open complementary split-ring resonator (OCSRR) metamaterial is designed and proposed for multiband radio applications. The proposed antenna has a rectangular monopole feed with offset microstrip feed, and the OCSRR designed at 3.14 GHz is engraved in the radiating element. The OCSRR is a special type of metamaterial with small electrical size. The OCSRR modifies the current direction due to its negative permittivity, which creates another resonance at 3.16 GHz. The left offset feed and abridged ground length creates another resonance at 3.82 GHz and responsible for good impedance matching are achieved in all the resonating bands. The entire antenna is designed and fabricated on the FR4 substrate with a complete measurement equal to 27.84 mm x 23.25 mm x 1.6 mm. The proposed structure shows the multiband characteristics at 3.16 GHz, 3.82 GHz, and 5.14 GHz with a S 11 of -19.83 dB, -17.90 dB, and -55.73 dB, respectively. The critical parameters of the OCSRR are decided using the parametric analysis, and the simulated results are presented. The OCSRR negative permittivity extraction is done with NRW wave guide extraction method, and the result is validated with the help of OCSRR resonant frequency calculation. The uniformity is well maintained between the measured and simulated results. The multiband characteristics, reasonable gain, compactness, low design complexity, and small size are the significant features of the proposed antenna
Analytical Solutions to Blocked Lubrication
Authors: Liu Shuangbiao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
When mixed/boundary lubrication problems are studied, proper boundary conditions are needed to reflect the local physical reality that occurs between fluid lubrication and solid contacts. In order to improve understanding of such reality, often in a microscopic scale hidden from direct observation, simple lubrication problems with zero net exiting flow or blocked lubrication are identified, and several analytical solutions are derived for the first time based on one- and two-dimensional Reynolds equations.
Magnitude and determinants of unmet need for family planning in Ethiopia from 2013- March 2020: Meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Getahun Daniel Shitu , Habtegiorgis Samuel Derbie , Telayneh Anmut Tekele , Mazeingia Yohannes Teka 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Unmet need for family planning is a major problem in developing countries. Millions of women want to delay or avoid pregnancy but are not using Contraception. Addressing the unmet need for family planning provides an opportunity for policymakers to respond to existing choice problems. Simultaneously improving maternal and child health, slowing the rate of population growth, and contributing to the achievement of national goals. This study aimed to determine the pooled Magnitude and determinants of unmet need for family planning in Ethiopia. Ten articles with 19312 study participants were identified through electronic search of reputable databases: Google Scholar, PubMed, Cochrane library, MIDLINE, EMBASE, and Ovid Maternity and Infant Care Databases. 10 studies were selected based on a comprehensive list of inclusion and exclusion criteria. The analysis was done by using STATA 14 statistical software. To assess heterogeneity, the Cochrane Q test statistic and I2 tests were used and a random effect model was also used to estimate the pooled prevalence of perinatal mortality rate. The pooled prevalence of the unmet need of modern family planning among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia was 19.99,95% CI(16.53,23.45).Age at first marriage less than 18, OR = 1.37, 95 CI :( 1.04–1.18),discussion with husbands, OR = 0.24, 95%CI :( 0.12–0.49), having two and less children OR = 0.49,95CI:(0.35–0.67), illiterate partner OR = 3.61, 95 %( 2.63–4.95), good attitude of partner OR = 0.11,95% CI:(0.05–0.26), history of discussion with health care worker OR = 0.31,95%CI: (0.14–0.68), a poor knowledge OR = 3.15,95% CI:(1.75–5.69) were significantly associated with unmet need for family planning. Unmet need for planning in Ethiopia is high as compared to world unmet need according to the United Nations World family planning report of 2017 which states one in ten reproductive age women have an unmet need for family planning but this study revealed one in five the same age group women had an unmet need for it. Early marriage, women’s discussion with husbands and health care workers about family planning, having children greater than two, education status and attitudes of husband, and knowledge of women about family planning were significantly associated with unmet need for family planning. So great effort is needed from all stakeholders to involve males in family planning decisions, alleviate early marriages, and structured health education interventions for both husbands and women to reduce the unmet need for family planning.