bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between NEAT1 polymorphism and the risk of lung cancer
Authors: Hu Zhongbao , Chen Jingsheng , Meng Ping , Li Ming 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background:
Long noncoding RNAs play vital roles in development and progression of lung cancers. Nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) polymorphisms were reported to be closely related to lung cancer susceptibility. Recently, numerous studies have been performed to detect the association between NEAT1 polymorphisms and lung cancer susceptibility. However, their results were inconsistent and controversial. So, we carried out a meta-analysis aiming to define the association exactly.

Methods:
Appropriate studies were retrieved from searching Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google scholar databases, updated January 31, 2021. The pooled odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated to estimate the strength of the association between NEAT1 polymorphisms and lung cancer risk. All of the data were analyzed with Stata 16.0.

Results:
The results of this meta-analysis will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication.

Conclusion:
This meta-analysis will summarize the relationship between NEAT1 polymorphism and lung cancer.
Ultrasound in patients with treated head and neck carcinomas
Authors: Jiang Hongying , Tan Qiling , He Fawei , Yang Wei , Liu Jifeng , Zhou Fang , Zhang Mingxia 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Correct follow-up is necessary to avoid under- or overtreatment in the care of patients with treated carcinomas of head and neck. Ultrasound is a cost-effective, harmless, easy, and feasible method. It can be applied in the outpatient clinic in follow-up but the United Kingdom National Multidisciplinary guidelines are recommended computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging for the detection of metastasis for head and neck carcinomas in the follow-up period. The purpose of the study was to state that neck ultrasound would be the method of choice on follow-up care of Chinese patients who received primary treatment for carcinoma of head and neck.
Patients who received primary treatment for carcinoma of the head and neck were examined for 5-years in follow-up through physical, clinical, and neck ultrasound (n = 198). If patients had no evidence of disease after 60 months of definitive therapy considered as a cure. If patients had no evidence of disease after 36 months of salvage therapy considered as a cure of recurrence.
Irrespective of definitive treatment used, the study was monitored through neck ultrasound during 5 years of a follow-up visit and was reported cure in 126 (64%) patients and recurrence in 72 (36%; distant metastasis: 33 [17%], local recurrence: 24 [12%], and regional recurrence: 15 [7%]) patients. Primary tumor stage IV, III, II, and I had 63% (15/24), 51% (21/41), 32% (18/56), and 23% (18/77) recurrence, respectively. The time to detect regional recurrence was shorter than that for local recurrence (P < .0001, q = 15.059) and distant recurrence (P < .0001, q = 7.958). Local recurrence and stage I primary tumor had the highest percentage cure for recurrence.
Neck ultrasound in the follow-up period is reported to be effective for the detection of recurrence of patients who received primary treatment for carcinoma of head and neck especially regional recurrence and primary tumor stage I.
Level of Evidence: III.
Subpleural ground glass opacities diagnosed by bronchoscopic brush cytology with manual mapping navigation
Authors: Zhang Lei , Wang Guiqi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Ground-glass opacity nodules (GGNs) are a computed tomography (CT) finding suggestive of lung cancer. Conventional bronchoscopy with brush cytology is a simple diagnostic modality but has a low diagnostic yield for peripheral lesions, especially peripheral GGNs. Therefore, maximizing the detection rate of bronchoscopic brushings should be a key objective. We report a case of a subpleural ground glass opacity (GGO) with a cytological diagnosis of adenocarcinoma by bronchoscopic brushing guided by manual mapping navigation.

Patient concerns:
A 46-year-old man was hospitalized for GGO in the right lung. Follow-up CT revealed a subpleural nodule sized 1.2 cm × 0.9 cm in the superior segment of the right lower lobe.

Diagnoses:
CT findings of the patient's nodule were suggestive of malignancy.

Interventions:
The patient underwent conventional bronchoscopy combined with brushing guided by manual mapping navigation, with subsequent cytological diagnosis of adenocarcinoma. The patient then underwent right lower lobectomy with mediastinal lymph node dissection.

Outcomes:
There were no postoperative complications. Postoperative pathological examination showed lung adenocarcinoma with lepidic and acinar growth without visceral pleural invasion (pT1aN0M0, IA1).

Lessons:
Exfoliated cells present in peripheral GGNs are rarely detected on brush sampling. However, use of a manual mapping navigation system may help increase the sensitivity of conventional bronchoscopic brushing for the diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions.
Multimodal ultrasound imaging of primary thyroid schwannoma
Authors: Zhao Hai Na , Ma Bu Yun , Yan Feng , Peng Yu Lan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Primary schwannoma of the thyroid gland is very rare, and its preoperative diagnosis is difficult.

Patient concerns:
We report the case of a thyroid nodule in an 18-year-old woman, who presented with a mass in her left neck with stiffness and normal thyroid function. However, the patient complained of numbness in her left upper extremity, and ultrasound (US) features were suspicious of malignancy.

Diagnoses:
Multimodal US imaging was performed using B-mode, color doppler, ultrasonic elastography (UE), and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). CEUS revealed heterogeneous enhancement and “target sign” within the tumor. The nodule was suspicious for malignancy and classified as TI-RADS 4b, while the elasticity values measured by UE indicated a benign lesion. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) was subsequently performed in the markedly contrast-enhanced area for biopsy. Cytological results revealed a benign schwannoma.

Intervention:
The patient underwent left lobe resection. Postoperative pathology confirmed it to be a primary benign schwannoma of the thyroid.

Outcomes:
After thyroidectomy, the patient was followed-up with US. At present, all laboratory tests and thyroid imaging are normal, and the numbness of the left upper limb has disappeared.

Lessons:
The combination of different US modalities is useful for the diagnosis of thyroid lesions. FNA performed under CEUS guidance improves the accuracy of biopsy sampling.
Clinical and genetic analysis of 2 rare cases of Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome from Chinese minorities
Authors: Liu Haifeng , Wang Yanchun , Li Yangfang , Tao Lvyan , Zhang Yu , He Xiaoli , Zhou Yuantao , Liu Xiaoning , Wang Yan , Li Li 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a rare X-linked recessive disease characterized by thrombocytopenia, small platelets, eczema, immunodeficiency, and an increased risk of autoimmunity and malignancies. X-linked thrombocytopenia (XLT), the milder phenotype of WAS, is always limited to thrombocytopenia with absent or slight infections and eczema. Here, we illustrated the clinical and molecular characteristics of 2 unrelated patients with WAS from Chinese minorities.

Patient concerns:
Patient 1, a 13-day-old male newborn of the Chinese Lahu minority, showed a classic WAS phenotype, including thrombocytopenia, small platelets, buttock eczema, and recurrent infections. Patient 2, an 8-year-and 8-month-old boy of the Chinese Zhuang minority, presented an XLT phenotype without eczema and repeated infections.

Diagnosis:
Next-generation sequencing was performed to investigate the genetic variations. Flow cytometry was used to quantify the expression of WAS protein and analyze the lymphocyte subsets. A novel frameshift WAS mutation (c.927delC, p.Q310Rfs∗135) and a known nonsense WAS mutation (c.1090C>T, p.R364X) were identified in Patient 1 and Patient 2, respectively. Both patients were confirmed to have WAS protein deficiency, which was more severe in Patient 1. Meanwhile, the analysis of lymphocyte subsets revealed an abnormality in Patient 1, but not in Patient 2. Combined with the above clinical data and genetic characteristics, Patient 1 and Patient 2 were diagnosed as classic WAS and XLT, respectively. In addition, many miliary nodules were accidentally found in abdominal cavity of Patient 2 during appendectomy. Subsequently, Patient 2 was confirmed with pulmonary and abdominal tuberculosis through further laboratory and imaging examinations. To our knowledge, there have been only a few reports about WAS/XLT with tuberculosis.

Interventions:
Both patients received anti-infection therapy, platelet transfusions, and intravenous immunoglobulins. Moreover, Patient 2 also received antituberculosis treatment with ethambutol and amoxicillin-clavulanate.

Outcomes:
The clinical symptoms and hematological parameters of these 2 patients were significantly improved. Regrettably, both patients discontinued the treatment for financial reasons.

Lessons:
Our report expands the pathogenic mutation spectrum of WAS gene and emphasizes the importance of molecular genetic testing in diagnosing WAS. Furthermore, researching and reporting rare cases of WAS from different populations will facilitate diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
The therapeutic effect and safety of the drugs for COVID-19
Authors: Qiu Rong , Li Jingwei , Xiao Yuxuan , Gao Ziyi , Weng Yihang , Zhang Qiran , Wang Chengdi , Gong Hanlin , Li Weimin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread almost all regions of the world and caused great loss to the whole body of mankind. Thus, numerous clinical trials were conducted to find specific medicine for COVID-19 recently. However, it remains unanswered whether they are beneficial.

Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency and safety of the COVID-19 medicine.

Methods:
Studies were determined through searching PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Medline. The studies of COVID-19 medicine were involved with eligible end points containing mortality, discharge rate, rate of clinical improvement, and rate of serious adverse events.

Results:
A total of 33 studies involving 37,879 patients were included in our study, whose intervening measures contained three major types of COVID-19 medicine, ACEI/ARB, antiviral medicine, and chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine. Compared to control group, COVID-19 drugs have no distinct effect on mortality (RR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.79–1.11, P = .43) and discharge rate (RR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.98–1.14, P = .13). However, antiviral medicine presents the obvious advantage in clinical improvement (RR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.01–1.23, P < .05). In addition, the serious adverse events rate (RR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.63–0.88, P < .05) of COVID-19 medicine is lower than control group.

Conclusion:
The results indicated antiviral medicine was potential specific medicine for COVID-19 treatment by improving clinical symptoms, but it failed to increase the discharge rate and reduce mortality. Chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine and ACEI/ARB had no significant effect on treatment of COVID-19, thus they were not recommended for routine medication. Moreover, more trials are needed to find effective drugs to lower the mortality of COVID-19 patients.
The predictive value of serum procalcitonin for non-invasive positive pressure ventilation in the patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Liu Linlin , Luan Ying , Xiao Ling , Wang Ning , Wang Jing , Cui Zhaobo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to estimate the value of serum procalcitonin (PCT) for non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) prediction in the patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).
A total of 220 AECOPD patients were divided into NIPPV group (n = 121) and control group (routine treatment, n = 99) based on the routine standards and physicians’ experience. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the independent factors for NIPPV treatment. Additionally, the predictive values of the factors were measured through receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curve.
NIPPV group and control group showed significant differences in respiratory rate (RR), PaO2, PaCO2, pH, oxygenation index, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), neutrophil, CRP (C-reaction protein), and PCT (P < .05 for all). PCT, CRP, PaCO2, RR, and neutrophil were independently correlated with NIPPV treatment in AECOPD. ROC curve showed that PCT had superior predictive value, with AUC of 0.899, the sensitivity of 86%, and the specificity of 91.9%. The cut-off value of serum PCT for NIPPV prediction was 88.50 ng/l.
AECOPD patients who require NIPPV treatment frequently have high levels of PCT, CRP, PaCO2, RR and neutrophil. Serum PCT may be employed as an indicator for NIPPV treatment in AECOPD patients.
Glucocorticoid supplementation improves reproductive outcomes in infertile women with antithyroid autoimmunity undergoing ART
Authors: Zhou Guangqin , Zhou Meiying , Duan Xuan , Li Weihong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background:
Thyroid autoimmune disease (TAI) has been verified to be related to multiple adverse pregnancy outcomes. A growing number of evidences highlight the protective roles of glucocorticoid on the treatments of TAI. This meta-analysis aimed to study whether it is beneficial to add glucocorticoid treatment in infertile women with TAI when they are undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART).

Methods:
We conducted a systematic search in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang database, Weipu China Science and Technology Journal Databases (VIP database) up to September 10, 2020. The Revman 5.3 software was utilized for data statistics. We used a random-effects model to analyze data and the odds ratio (OR) combining with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were employed to reveal the results.

Results:
Three publications with 237 antithyroid antibody (ATA)-positive and 384 ATA-negative women were included in the final analysis. Overall, glucocorticoid therapy showed satisfying effects on improving clinical pregnancy rate (OR = 4.63, 95% CI [2.23, 9.58], I
2 = 0.0%, P < .0001) and live birth rate (OR = 3.19, 95% CI [1.13, 9.04], I
2 = 0.0%, P = .03) of ATA-positive women compared with control group. However, it seems that glucocorticoid showed no significant difference in the abortion rate (OR = 0.62, 95% CI [0.09, 4.32], I
2 = 35%, P = .64) and oocyte recovery (OR = 2.26, 95% CI [−1.46, 5.99], I
2 = 79%, P < .0001) between the 2 groups.

Conclusions:
Glucocorticoid may improve the pregnancy outcomes of ART women with ATA positive, but there is no significant reduction in the risk of miscarriage. Due to the limited enrolled references, glucocorticoid adjuvant therapy should be applied after more randomized controlled trials.
Symptomatic perineural cyst after spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Eun Jongpil , Oh Youngmin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Tarlov or perineurial cysts are nerve root lesions often found in the sacral region. Most perineural cysts (PCs) remain asymptomatic throughout a patient's life. While their pathogenesis is still unclear, trauma resulting in hemorrhaging into subarachnoid space has been put forward as a possible cause of these cysts. Recently, we worked with a patient experiencing symptomatic PCs after spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Patient concerns:
A 45-year-old man had a coil embolization procedure performed after being diagnosed with a subarachnoid hemorrhage from a ruptured anterior communicating artery. His symptoms were relieved after the procedure, but 7 days later he reported worsening pain in the left perineal area. The pain was intermittent at its onset and exacerbated by sitting, walking, and coughing.

Diagnoses:
Two weeks after the embolization procedure, a lumbar spine MRI revealed 2 PCs at the S1 and S2 level affecting the left S2 root with high signal intensity in T2 and T1 images, suggestive of bleeding within the cyst.

Interventions:
We operated using a posterior approach. Cyst fenestration was done after S1 laminectomy. We aspirated approximately 1 cc of old blood.

Outcomes:
His pain was relieved immediately after cyst removal and no neurologic deterioration occurred during the postoperative period.

Lessons:
Subarachnoid hemorrhage can be the source of the development of pain from asymptomatic PCs, making them symptomatic. Surgical extirpation is 1 treatment option for these symptomatic PCs.
Study on the effectiveness and safety of Xingpi Yanger granule combined with Saccharomyces boulardii for rotavirus enteritis in children
Authors: Qiu Cheng-Ying , Guo Zao-Xia , Zhang Gui-Hua , Feng Yong-Hong , Deng Ying-Yun , Chen Xian-Jia , Wu Xiao-Dong , Huang Shan-Wen 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background:
To systematically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese medicine preparation XPYEG combined with SBI and SBI alone in the treatment of REC, and to provide the reference in drugs for the clinical treatment of children with rotavirus enteritis.

Methods:
Retrieving the English databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library and Embase; Chinese databases: CNKI, CBM and WANFANG Data. Retrieving a randomized controlled trial of XPYEG and SBI in the treatment of REC. The retrieval time is from the above database until September 2020. The retrieval strategy of combining free words and subject words is adopted, and the references included in the literature are searched manually in accordance with the literature studied in this paper and not included in the above database. Two researchers screen the literature according to the literature inclusion and exclusion criteria, extract valid data and evaluate the quality of the literature, and cross-check it. Using the RevMan 5.3 software to conduct the meta-analysis on the main outcome and secondary outcome indicators of the included literature, while assessing the evidence quality of included study.

Results:
The effectiveness and safety of XPYEG and SBI in the treatment of REC are presented through the main and secondary outcome indicators.

OSF Registration number:
DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/3QSZG.

Conclusion:
This study will conclude whether the combination of XPYEG and SBI is more effective than SBI alone in the treatment of REC, and whether the medication increases the risk of adverse reactions compared with single medication.

Ethics and dissemination:
This study does not involve the specific patients, and all research data comes from publicly available professional literature, so an ethics committee is not required to conduct an ethical review and approval of the study.
Aggressive hydration with lactated ringer solution in prevention of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis
Authors: Wu Mengmeng , Jiang Shuaiyu , Lu Xiaoguang , Zhong Yilong , Song Yi , Fan Zhiwei , Kang Xin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background:
Acute pancreatitis is the most common complication of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). There was no conclusion on the prevention of Post-ERCP Pancreatitis (PEP) by Lactated Ringer Solution.

Aim:
The purpose of this meta analyses is to determine whether aggressive hydration with Lactated Ringer Solution reduced the incidence of PEP.

Methods:
We retrieved randomized clinical trials comparing the preventive effects of aggressive hydration with Lactated Ringer Solution and standard hydration on PEP from PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, the Web of Science, Clinical Trial.gov, Scopus database, CNKI, CQVIP and WanFang Data. Primary outcome was incidence of PEP. Secondary outcomes included incidence of hyperamylasemia, abdominal pain and adverse events.

Results:
Ten randomized controlled trials with 2200 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Meta-analysis showed that compared with standard hydration, aggressive hydration reduced the incidence of PEP (odds ratio [OR], 0.40; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 0.26–0.63; P < .0001). Compared with standard hydration, aggressive hydration also reduced the incidence of hyperamylasemia after ERCP (OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.38–0.60; P < .0001). There was significant difference between aggressive hydration and standard hydration in the incidence of abdominal pain (OR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.11–0.73; P = .008). There was no difference in adverse events between aggressive hydration and standard hydration (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.21–4.13; P = .93). Sensitivity analyses showed that neither alternative effect measures nor statistical models regarding heterogeneity affected the conclusions of this meta-analysis.

Conclusion:
Aggressive hydration with Lactated Ringer Solution during perioperative period of ERCP can prevent PEP.
Effectiveness of Banxia Xiexin Decoction in the treatment of precancerous lesions
Authors: Yi Ying , Hu Ziyi , Li Renliang , Chen Lisha , Zhang Hengyi , Li Hong , Wu Mengwen , Liu Wanting 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background:
Gastric precancerous lesion (GPL) is a necessary stage in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer. At present, the incidence of gastric cancer is increasing year by year. It is important to prevent and control gastric cancer through early detection and intervention. Banxia Xiexin Decoction (BXD) has a good effect in improving symptoms, reducing inflammation, promoting the repair of gastric mucosa, reversing its atrophy and intestinal metaplasia. BXD may be a foreground choice for the treatment of GPL.

Methods:
Randomized controlled trials of BXD for GPL will be searched in the relevant database, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), and Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP database). The studies of electronic searches will be exported to EndNote V.9.1 software. We will run meta-analyses using the Review Manager (RevMan) V.5.3 software. Any disagreement will be solved in consultation with a third reviewer.

Results:
Our study aims to explore the efficacy of BXD for GPL and to provide up-to-date evidence for clinical of GPL.

Conclusion:
The conclusion of this study will provide evidence for the efficacy of BXD on GPL.

INPLASY registration number:
INPLASY 202130102.