bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unraveling The Impacts of Meteorological and Anthropogenic Changes on Sediment Fluxes Along an Estuary-Sea Continuum
Authors: Grasso Florent , Bismuth Eliott , Verney Romaric 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Sediment fluxes at the estuary-sea interface strongly impact particle matter exchanges between marine and continental sources along the land-sea continuum. However, human activities drive pressures on estuary physical functioning, hence threatening estuarine habitats and their ecosystem services. There is an increasing societal need to better predict the potential trajectories of estuarine sediment fluxes resulting from natural and anthropogenic pressures, but the concomitance of human-induced and meteorological-induced changes makes the responses ambiguous. Therefore, this study explores a 22-year numerical hindcast, experiencing contrasted meteorological conditions and human-induced morphological changes (i.e., estuary deepening and narrowing), in order to disentangle the relative contributions of meteorological and anthropogenic changes on net sediment fluxes between a macrotidal estuary and its adjacent coastal sea. Our results highlight that intense wave events induce fine sediment (≤100 µm) export to the sea but coarser sediment (≥210 µm) import within the estuary. Remarkably, moderate to large river flows support mud import within the estuary. Over 25 years, the reduction of intense wave and river flow events reduces fine sediment export to the sea. In addition, the estuary morphological changes due to human activities increase fine sediment import within the estuary, shifting the estuary from an exporting to importing system. We propose a conceptualization of mud flux response to river flow and wave forcing, as well as anthropogenic pressures. It provides valuable insights into particle transfers along the land-sea continuum, contributing to a better understanding of estuarine ecosystem trajectories under global changes.
Treatment of chest wall osteoradionecrosis with contralateral breast Y-V flap: case report
Authors: Kong Tae Hyun , Choi Manki , Lee Seok Soo , Kim Il-Kug 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Introduction:Chest wall osteoradionecrosis(ORN) in breast cancer is one of the most serious complications of radiation therapy. Treatment requires wide debridement and coverage with a well-vascularized flap. However, the extensive radiation-induced injury, and a limit to performing wide resection of the injured bones are challaged to treatment. Herein, we present our experience with chest wall ORN treated with contralateral breast Y-V flap.Case presentationAn 81-year-old woman diagnosed with ORN of the chest wall had a severe ptotic breast. Reconstruction was planned to cover the open wound of the chest wall using redundant contralateral breast tissue. The flap was elevated in the subfascial plane after an inverted-T incision was made in the lower pole and inframammary fold of the contralateral breast while preserving the perforators of the left lateral thoracic artery. The flap was spread in a Y-V advancement fashion to cover the open wound. The patient was discharged 2 weeks after surgery following suture removal. At 19 months post-operation, there were no complications or recurrences of ulcers. The patient was satisfied with the short recovery time and the surgical results.ConclusionThe contralateral breast Y-V flap allows simple and quick reconstruction, and having more options for chest wall reconstruction will allow for a more flexible treatment plan for each patient.
Antibiotic resistance patterns in infections associated with health care in a Third Level Center with hospital reconversion in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Almeida Jorge , Gutiérrez José Alfonso Gutiérrez , Quirino Silvia León , Calzonzin Patricia Albarrán , Ramírez Alejandro Acosta , Nava Carlos Alberto Rubén Castillo , Márquez María del Carmen Guzmán 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective:Description of the different isolated microorganisms and their prevalence in infections associated with health care, in addition to determining their patterns of resistance to antibiotics in patients admitted with a confirmed or suspected diagnosis of COVID-19 in the Intensive Care Unit, during a third-level medical center with hospital reconversion.Method:Patient demographic data was obtained from the clinical record, with defined criteria. Antibiotic resistance patterns were evaluated as well as the identification of isolated bacteria in cultures of expectoration, pleural fluid, catheter tips. For bacterial identification and resistance mechanisms, automated equipment and phenotypic tests were used, following the CLSI criteria.ResultsA total of 100 patients with bacterial infection added to the main COVID-19 picture were obtained, of which he represented pneumonia, urinary tract infection, catheter infections and bacteremia. A total of 100 strains were isolated, of which 84 are Extremely Drug Resistant, 12 Multidrug Resistant and only 4 variable sensitivity. The bacteria with the highest prevalence is Staphylococcus aureus with, followed by Peudonomas aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. 100% of the patients admitted to the ICU had death.ConclusionThe increase in resistance to antibiotics in the COVID-19 pandemic has set off alarms due to the complication that this brings, and the improper use of drugs as prophylaxis or attempted treatment only generates selective pressure that leads to an increase in resistance as observed in the isolated strains in this study, where the vast majority present enzymes as well as other resistance mechanisms that confer them to be XDR
Clinicopathological Characteristics, Survival Outcomes and Prognostic Factors in Pleomorphic Carcinoma: A SEER Population-based Study
Authors: Chen Zhongzhong , Liu Jiachang , Min Lingfeng 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma (PPC) is a rare tumor, and it usually has an aggressive clinical course and poor prognosis. We aim to analyze the clinicopathological features, management and prognostic factors of pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma. Patients and methods: Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, we identified 310 patients of pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma from 2004 to 2014 including clinicopathological characteristics, treatment modalities and outcome data.Results: The mean age of all PPC patients was 66 years and 59.4% of the patients were male. Most patients (79.4%) were white people, 51.6% were found in the right lung, and lesions were mostly observed in upper lobe (57.7%). The median overall survival was 12 months and overall 1-, 3- and 5- year survival rate was 42.5%, 28.6%, 24.1%. In Kaplan-Meier analysis, tumor primary site, lymph node metastases, distant metastases, summary stage, chemotherapy and surgery were associated with overall survival. Patients with surgery or chemotherapy have a better OS for patients with PPC. However, we found that radiotherapy did not significantly improve OS Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that SEER summary stage, distant metastases, surgery and chemotherapy were found to be independently associated with the OS.Conclusions: PPC mostly occurred in white people, with a median age of 66 years, and men were more susceptible to this disease. The SEER summary stage, distant metastases, surgery and chemotherapy were independently associated with prognosis.
Value of Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Pleural Effusion: Analysis of 582 Cases
Authors: Wang Ning , Liu Zishuang , Wang Ting , Bai Yang , Wang Man 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: By comparing the different ultrasonographic manifestations in exudate and transudate, we intend to explore the value of ultrasound in auxiliary diagnosis of pleural effusion.Methods: The ultrasonic image features, including echo, separation, light spot, pleural thickness, of 275 exudative pleural effusion (EPE) cases and 307 transudate pleural effusion (TPE) cases confirmed by laboratory examination were retrospectively analyzed.Results: In 275 cases of EPE, the main primary diseases were pneumonia and tuberculous exudative pleurisy, the majority was unilateral (214 cases, 77.8%). Ultrasound showed 47.6% cases had septum, 58.5% cases had echo and those pleural thickness more than 3mm cases accounted for 39.6%. By contrast, in 307 patients with TPE, the major diseases were heart failure, cirrhosis and nephrotic syndrome. Most of the pleural effusions were bilateral, accounting for 97.1%. Ultrasound displayed echo in 3 cases (1.0%), separation in 8 cases (2.6%), light spot in 9 cases (2.9%), and pleural thickening (> 3mm) in 6 cases (2.0%). These positive findings in TPE were statistically less than its counterpart (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Ultrasound is valuable for auxiliary diagnosis of pleural effusion. Some sonographic features of pleural effusion, like echo, septum and pleural thickening, may indicate a high possibility of EPE.
Identification of Barrett's Esophagus in Endoscopic Images Using Deep Learning
Authors: Pan Wen , Li Xujia , Wang Weijia , Zhou Linjing , Wu Jiali , Ren Tao , Liu Chao , Lv Muhan , Su Song , Tang Yong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Development of a deep learning method to identify Barrett's esophagus (BE) scopes in endoscopic images.Methods: 443 endoscopic images from 187 patients of BE were included in this study. The gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) and squamous-columnar junction (SCJ) of BE were manually annotated in endoscopic images by experts. Fully convolutional neural networks (FCN) were developed to automatically identify the BE scopes in endoscopic images. The networks were trained and evaluated in two separate image sets. The performance of segmentation was evaluated by intersection over union (IOU).Results: The deep learning method was proved to be satisfying in the automated identification of BE in endoscopic images. The values of the IOU were 0.56 (GEJ) and 0.82 (SCJ), respectively.Conclusions: Deep learning algorithm is promising with accuracies of concordance with manual human assessment in segmentation of the BE scope in endoscopic images. This automated recognition method helps clinicians to locate and recognize the scopes of BE in endoscopic examinations.
Integrative Clonal Evolution Analysis on SNV and CNV Levels in Multifocal Breast Cancer
Authors: Gao Yan , Wu Ning , Duan Qingke , Liu Hong , Xu Bo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: For multifocal or multicentric breast cancer with two or more separated malignant foci in ipsilateral breast, the origin of its multiple foci is still debatable: do they share a common origin or have they developed independently? Methods: By bulk exome sequencing combined with single cell whole genome sequencing using multiple annealing and looping-based amplification cycles (MALBAC), we obtained genomic information of two separated breast tumors and one metastatic lymph node in a multifocal breast cancer patient. We performed single nucleotide variation (SNV) and single cell copy number variation (CNV) analyses of the two breast tumors and lymph node. Results: On SNV level, we found common origin and single focus metastasis in this patient, concretely speaking that the two breast tumors were formed by the spread of one single tumor to another, instead of being developed independently. Furthermore, the lymph node was metastasized from one of the two tumors instead of co-metastasis by both of them. We also found that the SNV subclone architecture always kept stable between the two breast tumors as well as from the breast tumors to lymph node. On CNV level, in contrast, the frequency of CNV subclones changed dramatically from the breast tumors to lymph node. Among them, frequency of Clone 2 increased significantly, indicating metastatic advantages of it. By combining distinct clonal evolution patterns of SNVs and CNVs, we built an integrative evolutionary model for this patient. CNV subclones were determined at a relative early time and kept unchanged, and CNV Clone 2 with metastatic advantages was separated from the common ancestors during intramammary spread and metastasis. In the meantime, SNVs were accumulated gradually. Conclusions: In conclusion, we found distinct clonal evolution patterns on SNV and CNV levels in multifocal breast cancer and identified a CNV clone with metastatic advantages.
Human Cell Line Panel With Human/Mouse Artificial Chromosomes for Functional Analyses of Desired Genes
Authors: Uno Narumi , Takata Shuta , Komoto Shinya , Miyamoto Hitomaru , Nakayaka Yuji , Osaki Mitsuhiko , Mayuzumi Ryota , Miyazaki Natsumi , Hando Chiaki , Abe Satoshi , Sakuma Tetsushi , Yamamoto Takashi , Suzuki Teruhiko , Nakajima Yoshihiro , Oshimura Mitsuo , Tomizuka Kazuma , Kazuki Yasuhiro 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Human artificial chromosomes (HACs) and mouse artificial chromosomes (MACs) are non-integrating chromosomal gene delivery vectors for molecular biology research. Recently, microcell-mediated chromosome transfer of HACs/MACs has been achieved into various human cells including human immortalised mesenchymal stem cells (hiMSCs) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). However, the conventional strategy of gene-introduction with HAC/MAC required laborious and time-consuming stepwise isolation of clones for gene loading into HACs/MACs in donor cell lines (CHO and A9) and then transferring the HAC/MAC into cells via microcell-mediated chromosome transfer (MMCT). To overcome these limitations and accelerate chromosome vector based functional assay in human cells, we established various human cell lines (HEK293, HT1080, hiMSCs, and hiPSCs) with HACs/MACs that harbour a gene-loading site via MMCT. Model genes, such as tdTomato, TagBFP2, and ELuc, were introduced into the premade HAC/MAC-introduced cell lines via the Cre-loxP system or simultaneous insertion of multiple gene-loading vectors (SIM system). The model genes on the HACs/MACs were stably expressed and the HACs/MACs were stably maintained in the cell lines. Thus, our strategy using the HAC/MAC-containing cell line panel has dramatically simplified and accelerated gene introduction via HACs/MACs, thereby facilitating functional analyses of introduced genes.
Comprehensive analysis of the association between human diseases and water pollutants
Authors: Zhang Xu , Zhou Xiang , Zhang Xiaolei , Ren Xiaohan , Chen Xinglin , Lu Zhongwen , Zhang Dong , Zhang Tongtong , Liu Yiyang , Qin Chao 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Drinking water is an important natural resource. For many people around the world, especially in developing countries, access to safe drinking water is still a distant dream. An increasing number of human activities and industrialization have caused various physical, chemical and biological pollutants to enter water bodies, affecting human health. Efforts to figure out an effective method to predict water pollution poisons and human diseases have increased worldwide. Water pollutants contain a vast number of additives such as perfluorinated chemicals, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, phthalate, nanomaterials, insecticides, microcystins, heavy metal and pharmacologies. Here, we explored an integrative approach to identify genes, biological processes, molecular functions, and diseases linked to exposure to these water pollutants. These processes and functions affected by water pollutants are related to the many diseases, including colonic neoplasms, breast neoplasms hepatitis B, bladder cancer and human cytomegalovirus infection. Therefore, conducting an integrative toxicogenomic analysis of water pollutants are more appropriate for evaluating the potential effects of plastics in human health.
The Influences of Process Parameters on the Preparation of Closed-cell Aluminum foam by Friction Stir Processing
Authors: Pang Qiu , Wu Zhengjian , Hu Zhili 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In the present investigation, the closed-cell Al foam was fabricated by friction stir processing (FSP) combined with heat treatment. The influences of process parameters on microstructures of closed-cell Al foam precursor were investigated by optical metallographic microscope and scanning electronic microscope (OM/SEM). Fluent CFD software was developed to simulate the temperature field and flow field in friction stir processing. The cupping test values were compared for base metal and different weld passes. The results show that the welding speeds have little effect on the mixing of powder in the stir zone because of the relatively small welding heat input. However, the pore size and pore morphology are highly sensitive to change in the rotating speeds. When the welding speed is 50mm/min and the rotating speed is 2000rpm, the powder ring is continuous and uniform due to sufficient plastic deformation and flow. When the foaming time is 110s, the expansion rate of the whole foam increases rapidly, and the diameter of the pore is uniform. Numerical simulation shows that the welding heat mainly comes from the shoulder of the stirring head and the welding temperature peak appears near the stirring pin. The maximum flow velocity appears at the outer edge of the shaft shoulder in which the aluminum matrix is softened preferentially. When the rotating speed increases to 2000r/min, the velocity of the outermost edge of the shaft shoulder increases by 59.96%, and the maximum temperature at the stirring pin reaches 491℃ which is consistent with the experimental results. The formability of the joint interface is improved. The cupping test values increase with the increase of deformation temperature. Especially the cupping test value of foamed preform is close to that of base metal at 450℃.
Bidirectional High-speed Chaotic Communication System based on an All-optical Time-delay Feedback Loop
Authors: liu Jingyang , zhou xuefang , hu miao , li qiliang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a bidirectional high-speed chaotic optical communication scheme with physical layer encryption is proposed and studied theoretically. The external cavity optical feedback method is analyzed, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) is used to represent the all-optical delay feedback loop of the traditional external cavity, which can overcome the shortcomings of the traditional method such as lower precision and large equipment volume. And the bidirectional communication scheme is discussed, which just sets the encryption device at the transmitter, uses the correlation between the two encryption signals to decrypt, and cancels the decryption device at the receiver, which not only simplifies the experimental equipment, but also solves the problem that the receiver can’t decrypt synchronously due to the channel damage in remote communication, and is easy to be applied in production and life. Finally, the simulation results show that the bit error rate is less than 10− 5, the bidirectional transmission of 10Gb/s information over 85km single-mode fiber is successfully realized.
Active Targeting of Orthotopic Glioma Using Biomimetic Liposomes Co-loaded Elemene and Cabazitaxel Modified By Transferritin
Authors: LI JIE , Zeng Huamin , You Yu , Wang Rongrong , Tan Tiantian , Wang Weiming , Yin Liyan , Zeng Zhaowu , Zeng Yiying , Xie Tian 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Efficient chemotherapy for glioma demands a nanocarrier that can overcome the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and then target the tumor location. Elemene (ELE) and cabazitaxel (CTX) liposomes are prepared by conjugating liposomes with transferrin (Tf) and embedding the cell membrane proteins of RG2 glioma into liposomes (active-targeting biomimetic liposomes, Tf-ELE/CTX@BLIP), which are demonstrated resultful in infiltrating the BBB and targeting glioma, respectively. Tf-ELE/CTX@BLIP is highly stable, displaying a prominent peculiarity of homologous targeting and of immune evasion in vitro, and a 5.83-fold intake rate when versus classical liposome (ELE/CTX@LIP). The result of bioluminescence imaging revealed enhanced drugs accumulation in the brain and increased tumor penetration of Tf-ELE/CTX@BLIP in orthotopic glioma model nude mice. In vivo studies demonstrated that the anti-tumor effect of the Tf-ELE/CTX@BLIP include increased survival time and decreased tumor volume. Following intravenous administration of Tf-ELE/CTX@BLIP, the tumor averaged fluorescence intensity was 65.2, 12.5, 22.1, 6.6, 2.6, 1.5 times weaker than that of the control, CTX solution, ELE solution, ELE/CTX@LIP, ELE/CTX@BLIP, Tf-ELE/CTX@LIP groups, respectively. Moreover, histopathological analyses demonstrated that Tf-ELE/CTX@BLIP were less toxic than the CTX solution. These results suggest that the active-targeting biomimetic liposomes, Tf-ELE/CTX@BLIP, is a promising nanoplatform for glioma chemotherapy.
Correlation Analysis between NETosis Biomarkers and Peripheral Immune Cells in a Preclinical Model of Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Yin Junxiang , Wu Michael , Mohseni Tasha , Kindelin Adam , Ahmad Saif , Ducruet Andrew , Ahmad Abdullah , Waters Michael 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps formation (NETosis) facilitates thrombosis and contributes to reperfusion resistance - a major challenge encountered during the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. The effect of acute stroke on plasma NETosis biomarkers remains unclear. In this study, young adult C57BL/6 wildtype (WT) mice were subjected to acute brain ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. The IR-subjected mice exhibited a drastic increase in plasma citrullinated histone 3 (CitH3) and neutrophil elastase (NE) on day 1 (p < 0.05) while deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) reached their peak levels on day 3. IR-subjected mice also showed a significant increase in peripheral neutrophils and decline in peripheral leukocytes, lymphocytes, and monocytes on day 1 and day 2 (p < 0.05). The ratios of neutrophil to lymphocyte, neutrophil to leukocyte, and lymphocyte to monocyte dramatically increased on day 1 (p < 0.05). Plasma NE, CitH3 and MPO were positively correlated with peripheral neutrophil and the ratio of neutrophil to lymphocyte, but inversely correlated with peripheral lymphocyte (p < 0.05). Our data suggest that there are time dependent changes in plasma NETosis biomarkers. Therefore, targeting these biomarkers before their peak may offer potential therapeutic options to reduce cerebral infarction and prevent functional deterioration after acute ischemic stroke.