bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of a bioabsorbable device that seals perforations after Tuohy needle dural puncture in an ovine model
Authors: García-Vitoria Carles , García -Roselló Mireia , Reina Miguel A , De Andres Jose , Gutiérrez-Bautista Álvaro Jesús , Esteve Vicente , Boezaart Andre , Redondo Jose I 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundWe designed a device to close accidental dural puncture via the offending puncturing epidural needle directly after diagnosis of the puncture and before removing the needle. The aim of this study was to quantify this device’s ability to seal cerebrospinal fluid leakage.MethodsForty-six anesthetized adult sheep were studied in a single-blind randomized controlled fashion in two equal groups.An intentional dural puncture was performed with an 18-gage Tuohy needle on all the sheep between L6 and S1 levels. Contrast medium was injected through the needle. Twenty-three animals receive treatment with the sealing device. Two minutes after device placement, or dural puncture in the control group, a CT scan was performed on the animals to estimate contrast material leakage. A region of interest (ROI) was defined as the region that enclosed the subarachnoid space, epidural space, and neuroforaminal canal (the vertebral body above and half of its equivalent height in sacrum below the puncture site). In this region, the total contrast volume and the volumes in the epidural space (EPIDURAL) were measured. The primary outcome measure was the EPIDURAL/ROI ratio to ascertain the proportion of intrathecally injected fluid that passed into the epidural space in both groups. The secondary outcomes were the total amount of contrast in the ROI and the EPIDURAL.ResultsThe device was deployed successfully in all but two instances, where it suffered from manufacturing defects.Leakage was less in the study group (1.0 vs 1.4 mL, p=0.008). The median EPIDURAL/ROI ratio was likewise less in the study group (29 vs 46; p=0.013; 95% CI (−27 to –3.5)).ConclusionThis novel dural puncture-sealing device, also envisaged to be used in other comparable iatrogenic leakage scenarios to be identified in the future, was able to reduce the volume of cerebrospinal fluid that leaked into the epidural space after dural puncture. The device is possibly a valuable way of preventing fluid leakage immediately after the recognition of membrane puncture.
Renin-angiotensin system blocker and outcomes of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lee Hyun Woo , Yoon Chang-Hwan , Jang Eun Jin , Lee Chang-Hoon 
Published: January 2021

Background
The association of ACE inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) with disease severity of patients with COVID-19 is still unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate if ACEI/ARB use is associated with the risk of mortality and severe disease in patients with COVID-19.

Methods
We searched all available clinical studies that included patients with confirmed COVID-19 who could be classified into an ACEI/ARB group and a non-ACEI/ARB group up until 4 May 2020. A meta-analysis was performed, and primary outcomes were all-cause mortality and severe disease.

Results

ACEI/ARB use did not increase the risk of all-cause mortality both in meta-analysis for 11 studies with 12 601 patients reporting ORs (OR=0.52 (95% CI=0.37 to 0.72), moderate certainty of evidence) and in 2 studies with 8577 patients presenting HRs. For 12 848 patients in 13 studies, ACEI/ARB use was not related to an increased risk of severe disease in COVID-19 (OR=0.68 (95% CI=0.44 to 1.07); I
2
=95%, low certainty of evidence).

Conclusions
ACEI/ARB therapy was not associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality or severe manifestations in patients with COVID-19. ACEI/ARB therapy can be continued without concern of drug-related worsening in patients with COVID-19.
Assessing the impact of the 13 valent pneumococcal vaccine on childhood empyema in Australia
Authors: Strachan Roxanne , Homaira Nusrat , Beggs Sean , Bhuiyan Mejbah U , Gilbert Gwendolyn L , Lambert Stephen B , Macartney Kristine , Marshall Helen , Martin Andrew C , McCallum Gabrielle B , McCullagh Angela , McDonald Tim , McIntyre Peter , Oftadeh Shahin , Ranganathan Sarath , Suresh Sadasivam , Wainwright Claire E , Wilson Angela , Wong Melanie , Snelling Thomas , Jaffé Adam 
Published: January 2021

Background

Empyema is a serious complication of pneumonia frequently caused by
Streptococcus pneumoniae
(SP). We assessed the impact of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (13vPCV) on childhood pneumonia and empyema after inclusion in the Australian National Immunisation Program.

Methods
For bacterial pneumonia and empyema hospitalisations, we ascertained incidence rates (IRs) using the National Hospital Morbidity Database International Statistical Classification of Disease discharge codes and relevant population denominators, and calculated incidence rate ratios (IRR) comparing the 13vPCV period (June 2012–May 2017) with the 7vPCV period (June 2007–May 2011). Blood and pleural fluid (PF) cultures and PF PCR of 401 children with empyema from 11 Australian hospitals during the 13vPCV period were compared with our previous study in the 7vPCV period.

Findings
Across 7vPCV and 13vPCV periods, IRs per million children (95% CIs) were 1605 (1588 to 1621) and 1272 (1259 to 1285) for bacterial pneumonia, and 14.23 (12.67 to 15.79) and 17.89 (16.37 to 19.42) for empyema hospitalisations. IRRs were 0.79 (0.78 to 0.80) for bacterial pneumonia and 1.25 (1.09 to 1.44) for empyema. Of 161 empyema cases with SP serotypes, 147 (91.3%) were vaccine types. ST3 accounted for 76.4% of identified serotypes in the 13vPCV period, more than double than the 7vPCV period (p<0.001); ST19A decreased from 36.4% to 12.4%. No cases of ST1 empyema were identified in the 13vPCV period versus 14.5% in the 7vPCV period.

Interpretation
13vPCV resulted in a significant reduction in all-cause hospitalisations for bacterial pneumonia but empyema hospitalisations significantly increased, with emergence of pneumococcal ST3 as the dominant serotype in empyema.

Trial registration number
Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ACTRN 12614000354684.
Gravitational form factors of a baryon with spin-3/2
Authors: Kim June-Young , Sun Bao-Dong 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe energy–momentum tensor (EMT) for a spin-3/2 baryon is related to seven mechanical quantities. In this work, we provide the general form of the gravitational form factors (GFFs) for a spin-3/2 baryon by using the multipole expansion and interesting relations between the EMT densities and the GFFs. To verify those general relations, we study the nucleon and the $$\Delta $$
Δ
GFFs within the SU(2) Skyrme model based on the large $$N_{c}$$

N
c

limit.
Learning multivariate new physics
Authors: D’Agnolo Raffaele Tito , Grosso Gaia , Pierini Maurizio , Wulzer Andrea , Zanetti Marco 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe discuss a method that employs a multilayer perceptron to detect deviations from a reference model in large multivariate datasets. Our data analysis strategy does not rely on any prior assumption on the nature of the deviation. It is designed to be sensitive to small discrepancies that arise in datasets dominated by the reference model. The main conceptual building blocks were introduced in D’Agnolo and Wulzer (Phys Rev D 99 (1), 015014. 10.1103/PhysRevD.99.015014. arXiv:1806.02350 [hep-ph], 2019). Here we make decisive progress in the algorithm implementation and we demonstrate its applicability to problems in high energy physics. We show that the method is sensitive to putative new physics signals in di-muon final states at the LHC. We also compare our performances on toy problems with the ones of alternative methods proposed in the literature.
Supercoherent states, simplest supergroups and associated supergeometries
Authors: Cirilo-Lombardo Diego Julio 
Published: January 2021

In this paper, geometries and supergeometries are analyzed from the point of view of the coset coherent states. To this end, before detailing the different factorizations of the simplest cosets, the dynamics and structure of Supercoherent states of the Klauder–Perelomov type (that are defined taking into account the geometry of the coset based on the simplest supergroup [Formula: see text] in the context of extensions of the standard model that were given previously in [A. B. Arbuzov and D. J. Cirilo-Lombardo, Phys. Scr. 94 (2019) 125302] as structural basis of the electroweak sector of the standard model (SM)) are used. The supergeometrical descriptions with such coherent superstates which uses group representation from [Y. Ne’eman, S. Sternberg and D. Fairlie, Phys. Rept. 406 (2005) 303–377] for a beyond SM model, are also defined for the noncompact case [Formula: see text]
Chapter 2.3 Dronning Maud Land Jurassic volcanism: volcanology and petrology
Authors: Luttinen Arto V. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

The Jurassic igneous rocks of Dronning Maud Land represent Karoo flood basalt magmatism in Antarctica. Fifty years of research has documented systematic differences between magmas associated with the Karoo rift-zone (Vestfjella and Ahlmannryggen) and the rift-shoulder (Sembberget, Kirwanveggen) settings. The 189–182 Ma rift-zone tholeiites were chemically diverse and mainly formed compound-braided flow fields which record several magnetic polarity reversals. In contrast, the
c.
181 Ma rift-shoulder tholeiites were chemically uniform and formed thick tabular sheet lavas within a single normal polarity period. The volcanic architecture records a long initial phase of slow eruptions from shield volcanoes in the initial rift and a brief phase of voluminous fissure eruptions flooding the rift shoulder. All of the major magma types in the rift-zone and rift-shoulder settings belong to a Nb-depleted category of Karoo flood basalts and were mainly derived from depleted convective upper mantle by magmatic differentiation. Pyroxenite-rich mantle components may have been significant sources for the most enriched magma types. Geochemical fingerprints of recycled crustal material imply that the Nb-depleted Karoo tholeiites may have been derived from mildly subduction-modified parts of the same overall upper-mantle reservoir which has been associated with the Ferrar tholeiites.
Initial Whole-Genome Sequencing of Plasma Cell Neoplasms in First Responders and Recovery Workers Exposed to the World Trade Center Attack of September 11, 2001
Authors: Maura Francesco , Diamond Benjamin , Maclachlan Kylee H. , Derkach Andriy , Yellapantula Venkata D. , Rustad Even H. , Hultcrantz Malin , Shah Urvi A. , Hong Jessica , Landau Heather J. , Iacobuzio-Donahue Christine A. , Papaemmanuil Elli , Irby Shani , Crowley Laura , Crane Michael , Webber Mayris P. , Goldfarb David G. , Zeig-Owens Rachel , Giricz Orsi , Verma Amit , Prezant David J. , Dogan Ahmet , Shah Sohrab P. , Zhang Yanming , Landgren Ola 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Purpose:
The World Trade Center (WTC) attack of September 11, 2001 created an unprecedented environmental exposure to known and suspected carcinogens. High incidence of multiple myeloma and precursor conditions has been reported among first responders to the WTC disaster. To expand on our prior screening studies, and to characterize the genomic impact of the exposure to known and potential carcinogens in the WTC debris, we were motivated to perform whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of WTC first responders and recovery workers who developed a plasma cell disorder after the attack.

Experimental Design:
We performed WGS of nine CD138-positive bone marrow mononuclear samples from patients who were diagnosed with plasma cell disorders after the WTC disaster.

Results:
No significant differences were observed in comparing the post-WTC driver and mutational signature landscapes with 110 previously published WGSs from 56 patients with multiple myeloma and the CoMMpass WGS cohort (n = 752). Leveraging constant activity of the single-base substitution mutational signatures 1 and 5 over time, we estimated that tumor-initiating chromosomal gains were windowed to both pre- and post-WTC exposure.

Conclusions:
Although limitations in sample size preclude any definitive conclusions, our findings suggest that the observed increased incidence of plasma cell neoplasms in this population is due to complex and heterogeneous effects of the WTC exposure that may have initiated or contributed to progression of malignancy.
Early Discontinuation of Endocrine Therapy and Recurrence of Breast Cancer among Premenopausal Women
Authors: Collin Lindsay J. , Cronin-Fenton Deirdre P. , Ahern Thomas P. , Goodman Michael , McCullough Lauren E. , Waller Lance A. , Kjærsgaard Anders , Damkier Per , Christiansen Peer M. , Ejlertsen Bent , Jensen Maj-Britt , Sørensen Henrik Toft , Lash Timothy L. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Purpose:
Premenopausal women diagnosed with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer are prescribed 5–10 years of endocrine therapy to prevent or delay recurrence. In this study, we evaluated the association between early discontinuation of endocrine therapy and breast cancer recurrence in a cohort of premenopausal women.

Experimental Design:
We identified 4,503 patients with premenopausal ER-positive breast cancer who initiated adjuvant endocrine therapy and were registered in the Danish Breast Cancer Group clinical database (2002–2011). Women were excluded if they had a recurrence or were lost to follow-up less than 1.5 years after breast cancer surgery. Endocrine therapy was considered complete if the patient received at least 4.5 years of treatment or discontinued medication less than 6 months before recurrence. Exposure status was updated annually and modeled as a time-dependent variable. We accounted for baseline and time-varying confounders via time-varying weights, which we calculated from multivariable logistic regression models, and included in regression models to estimate HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) associating early discontinuation with recurrence.

Results:
Over the study follow-up, 1,001 (22%) women discontinued endocrine therapy. We observed 202 (20%) recurrences among those who discontinued endocrine therapy, and 388 (11%) among those who completed the recommended treatment. The multivariable-adjusted estimated rate of recurrence was higher in women who discontinued endocrine therapy relative to those who completed their treatment (hazard ratio, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.25–2.14).

Conclusions:
These results highlight the importance of clinical follow-up and behavioral interventions that support persistence of adjuvant endocrine therapy to prevent breast cancer recurrence.
First report of the Asiatic Brush-tailed Porcupine Atherurus macrourus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Mammalia: Rodentia: Hystricidae) from West Bengal­­­, India
Authors: Dash Suraj Kumar , Chettri Abhisek , Naha Dipanjan , Sathyakumar Sambandam 
Published: January 2021

We report the western most distribution of the Asiatic Brush-tailed Porcupine Atherurus macrourus (Thomas, 1921) in India. An individual was photo captured in the semi-evergreen forests of Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary, northern West Bengal on the night of 28 January 2019. It is a rare rodent species that is distributed in the northeastern states of India but was not reported from West Bengal.
Ecological importance of two large heritage trees in Moyar River valley, southern India
Authors: Thirumurugan Vedagiri , Prabakaran Nehru , Sreedharan Nair Vishnu , Ramesh Chinnasamy 
Published: January 2021

Large old trees are critical to maintaining biodiversity in forested landscapes, however, they are often overlooked in forest management and conservation. This article exemplifies the ecological importance of two such large trees that belong to Terminalia arjuna and Hardwickia binata in the Moyar River valley landscape of Tamil Nadu, India.
Myocardial Blood Flow Control by Oxygen Sensing Vascular Kvβ Proteins
Authors: Ohanyan Vahagn , Raph Sean M. , Dwenger Marc M. , Hu Xuemei , Pucci Thomas , Mack Gregory , Moore Joseph B. , Chilian William M. , Bhatnagar Aruni , Nystoriak Matthew A. 
Published: January 2021

Rationale:
Voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels in vascular smooth muscle are essential for coupling myocardial blood flow (MBF) with the metabolic demand of the heart. These channels consist of a transmembrane pore domain that associates with auxiliary Kvβ (voltage-gated potassium channel β)1 and Kvβ2 proteins, which differentially regulate Kv function in excitable cells. Nonetheless, the physiological role of Kvβ proteins in regulating vascular tone and metabolic hyperemia in the heart remains unknown.

Objective:
To test the hypothesis that Kvβ proteins confer oxygen sensitivity to vascular tone and are required for regulating blood flow in the heart.

Methods and Results:

Mice lacking Kvβ2 subunits exhibited suppressed MBF, impaired cardiac contractile performance, and failed to maintain elevated arterial blood pressure in response to catecholamine-induced stress. In contrast, ablation of Kvβ1.1 reduced cardiac workload, modestly elevated MBF, and preserved cardiac function during stress compared with wild-type mice. Coronary arteries isolated from Kvβ2
−/−
, but not Kvβ1.1
−/−
, mice had severely blunted vasodilation to hypoxia when compared with arteries from wild-type mice. Moreover, vasodilation of small diameter coronary and mesenteric arteries due to L-lactate, a biochemical marker of reduced tissue oxygenation and anaerobic metabolism, was significantly attenuated in vessels isolated from Kvβ2
−/−
mice. Inducible enhancement of the Kvβ1:Kvβ2 ratio in Kv1 channels of arterial smooth muscle abolished L-lactate-induced vasodilation and suppressed the relationship between MBF and cardiac workload.

Conclusions:
The Kvβ proteins differentially regulate vascular tone and MBF, whereby Kvβ2 promotes, and Kvβ1.1 inhibits oxygen-dependent vasodilation and augments blood flow upon heightened metabolic demand.
Influenza Causes MLKL-Driven Cardiac Proteome Remodeling During Convalescence
Authors: Lin Yi-Han , Platt Maryann P. , Gilley Ryan P. , Brown David , Dube Peter H. , Yu Yanbao , Gonzalez-Juarbe Norberto 
Published: January 2021

Rationale:
Patients with and without cardiovascular diseases have been shown to be at risk of influenza-mediated cardiac complications. Recent clinical reports support the notion of a direct link between laboratory-confirmed influenza virus infections and adverse cardiac events.

Objective:
Define the molecular mechanisms underlying influenza virus–induced cardiac pathogenesis after resolution of pulmonary infection and the role of necroptosis in this process.

Methods and Results:
Hearts from wild-type and necroptosis-deficient (MLKL [mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein]-KO) mice were dissected 12 days after initial influenza A virus (IAV) infection when viral titers were undetectable in the lungs. Immunofluorescence microscopy and plaque assays showed presence of viable IAV particles in the myocardium without generation of interferon responses. Global proteome and phosphoproteome analyses using high-resolution accurate mass-based LC-MS/MS and label-free quantitation showed that the global proteome as well as the phosphoproteome profiles were significantly altered in IAV-infected mouse hearts in a strain-independent manner. Necroptosis-deficient mice had increased survival and reduced weight loss post-IAV infection, as well as increased antioxidant and mitochondrial function, indicating partial protection to IAV infection. These findings were confirmed in vitro by pretreatment of human and rat myocytes with antioxidants or necroptosis inhibitors, which blunted oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage after IAV infection.

Conclusions:
This study provides the first evidence that the cardiac proteome and phosphoproteome are significantly altered post–pulmonary influenza infection. Moreover, viral particles can persist in the heart after lung clearance, altering mitochondrial function and promoting cell death without active replication and interferon responses. Finally, our findings show inhibition of necroptosis or prevention of mitochondrial damage as possible therapeutic interventions to reduce cardiac damage during influenza infections.

Graphic Abstract:

A
graphic abstract
is available for this article.
Integrating Survivors of Stroke Into Exercise‐Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Improves Endurance and Functional Strength
Authors: Regan Elizabeth W. , Handlery Reed , Stewart Jill C. , Pearson Joseph L. , Wilcox Sara , Fritz Stacy 
Published: January 2021

Background
Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a structured exercise program prevalent in the United States for people with cardiovascular disease that has been shown to increase cardiovascular endurance and improve quality of life. Despite similar cardiovascular risk factors, stroke is not among the covered diagnoses for CR. The purpose of this study was to examine the participant impact of integrating survivors of stroke into the exercise portion of an existing hospital‐based CR program through measures of physical function and other health impacts and through qualitative evaluation of participant perception.

Methods and Results

Subacute and chronic survivors of stroke were integrated into a standard 12‐week, 3 sessions per week, exercise‐based CR program. A total of 29 began the program, 24 completed the program, and 18 were available for 6‐month follow‐up. Quantitative measures were compared preprogram with postprogram with
t
‐test or equivalent, and preprogram with postprogram to 6‐month follow‐up with ANOVA or equivalent. Semistructured interviews were completed with 11 participants postprogram. Exercise‐based CR had significant impacts on cardiovascular endurance preprogram to postprogram, with maintenance at 6‐month follow‐up. The participants improved on the 6‐minute walk test on average by 61.92 m(95% CI, 33.99–89.84 m), and maximum metabolic equivalents improved by a median of 3.6 (interquartile range, 2.35). Five times sit to stand (functional strength) improved preprogram to postprogram by a median of 2.85 s (interquartile range, 4.03 s). Qualitative findings highlight additional health improvements. Most participants (83% [15/18]) reported continued exercise at follow‐up.

Conclusions
Exercise‐based CR has the potential to improve cardiovascular endurance, health status, and quality of life for survivors of stroke.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03706105.
The rank boost by inconsistency in university rankings: Evidence from
14 rankings of Chinese universities
Authors: Chen Wenyu , Zhu Zhangqian , Jia Tao 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
University ranking has become an important indicator for prospective students, job recruiters, and government administrators. The fact that a university rarely has the same position in different rankings motivates us to ask: To what extent could a university’s best rank deviate from its “true” position? Here we focus on 14 rankings of Chinese universities. We find that a university’s rank in different rankings is not consistent. However, the relative positions for a particular set of universities are more similar. The increased similarity is not distributed uniformly among all rankings. Instead, the 14 rankings demonstrate four clusters where rankings are more similar inside the cluster than outside. We find that a university’s best rank strongly correlates with its consensus rank, which is, on average, 38% higher (towards the top). Therefore, the best rank usually advertised by a university adequately reflects the collective opinion of experts. We can trust it, but with a discount. With the best rank and proportionality relationship, a university’s consensus rank can be estimated with reasonable accuracy. Our work not only reveals previously unknown patterns in university rankings but also introduces a set of tools that can be readily applied to future studies.