bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of AP2/EREBP Transcription Factors in Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.)
Authors: Men Jia-li , Li Fang , Sun Jin-hua , Wang Guo , Li Huan-ling , Wang Shu-jun , Xu Yun , Wang Jia-bao 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAPETALA2/ethylene response element binding proteins (AP2/EREBP) are a vital type of TF involved in plant organ development and embryogenesis. In this study we identified 202 Litchi AP2/EREBP TFs from the litchi genome. They were classified into four subfamilies by phylogenetic clustering, including AP2s (20), ERFs (112), DREBs (64), and RAVs (6). Analysis of conserved domains, motifs, gene structure, and genome localization were carried out to investigate the evolutionary features of litchi AP2/EREBPs. Over 35% of DREBs and ERFs involved in the expansion of litchi AP2/EREBPs resulted from tandem duplication. The majority of genomic organizations were conservative, except those of the AP2 subfamily, which had no intron and contained less conservative motif numbers. The expression profiles of litchi AP2/EREBPs in ten tissues were investigated using RNA-Seq data and fifty-nine showed tissue-specific expressions. Their expression patterns were confirmed by qRT-PCR with eight tissues-specificity genes. Six genes related to embryogenesis were identified using the map of orthologous gene interaction between Arabidopsis and litchi. This paper is a comprehensive report on the characteristics of the litchi AP2/EREBP gene superfamily. It will serve to further explore the regulatory mechanisms of AP2/EREBP TFs in the litchi somatic embryogenesis and provide information for litchi molecular breeding.
The Inner Louis Vuitton Circle: Arts-Based Research into Russian Luxury
Authors: Tams Svenja , Biehl Brigitte , Eliseev Nikolay 
Published: September 2021

AbstractStudying luxury and conspicuous consumption in international settings presents unique challenges. Many aspects of luxury and conspicuous consumption cannot easily be put into words because they involve desires, aesthetics, and emotions, as well as taken-for-granted assumptions about social distinction and inequality. Drawing on Nicolai Eliseev’s artistic inquiry into luxury consumption in Russia, this article proposes arts-based inquiry as a suitable method for examining embodied and aesthetic knowing about luxury and conspicuous consumption, in particular in intercultural settings. The article illustrates these ideas through a series of sketches and a final artwork, by which Eliseev inquired into his experiences and tacit knowledge. The artwork incorporates a cut-up Louis Vuitton bag and references to luxury brands such as Cartier, Vertu, and Dom Perignon. The artistic form expresses the dividing effects and emotions of luxury consumption in Russian social and economic life. The article contributes to an understanding of aesthetic creation as both a method of inquiry and also a practice of resistance and innovation in relation to fashion discourses. Thus, it illustrates the potential of arts-based research methods in intercultural studies of luxury, and the social sciences more broadly.
Canadian Health Personnel Attitudes Toward Refugee Claimants’ Entitlement to Health Care
Authors: Rousseau Cécile , Rummens Joanna Anneke , Frounfelker Rochelle L. , Yebenes Monica Ruiz Casares , Cleveland Janet 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHealth care personnel attitudes toward refugee claimant entitlement to health care are influenced by multilevel factors including institutional and societal culture. Although individual attitudes may be modified through training, macro- and meso-issues require system-level interventions. This paper analyzes the role of individual-, institutional-, and city-level factors in shaping attitudes toward refugee claimants’ access to health care among Canadian health care personnel. A total of 4207 health care personnel in 16 institutions located in Montreal and Toronto completed an online survey on attitudes regarding health care access for refugee claimants. We used multilevel logistic regression analysis to identify individual-, institutional-, and city-level predictors of endorsing access to care. Participants who had prior contact with refugee claimants had greater odds of endorsing access to care than those who did not (OR 1.13; 95% CI 1.05, 1.21). Attitudes varied with occupation: social workers had the highest probability of endorsing equal access to health care (.83; 95% CI .77, .89) followed by physicians (.77; 95% CI .71, .82). An estimated 7.97% of the individual variation in endorsement of equal access to health care was attributable to differences between institutions, but this association was no longer statistically significant after adjusting for city residence. Results indicate that the contexts in which health care professionals live and work are important when understanding opinions on access to health care for vulnerable populations. They suggest that institutional interventions promoting a collective mission to care for vulnerable populations may improve access to health care for precarious status migrants.
Cadmium: An Emerging Role in Adipose Tissue Dysfunction
Authors: Attia Sarra Mohammed , Varadharajan Kavitha , Shanmugakonar Muralitharan , Das Sandra Concepcion , Al-Naemi Hamda A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal that is widespread in the environment due to the substantial anthropogenic inputs from the agriculture and industrial sectors. The toxic impact of Cd adversely affects human health and is linked with endocrine disruption, carcinogenicity, diabetes-related diseases, and metabolic disorder. One of the main characterizations of Cd is bioaccumulation where its half-life reaches 40 years with an unknown biological role. Several organs were found to be targets for Cd accumulation such as the liver, kidneys, and adipose tissue. Adipose tissue (AT) is a dynamic organ that plays a significant role in the body’s homeostasis through the maintenance of energy storage. Another vital function for AT is the secretion of adipokines which provides a metabolic cross-talk with the whole body’s organs. Cd is found to adversely impact the function of AT. This includes the disruption of adipogenesis, lipogenesis, and lipolysis. As a consequence, dysfunctional AT has disruptive patterns of adipokines secretions. The main adipokines produced from AT are leptin and adiponectin. Both were found to be significantly declined under the Cd exposure. Additionally, adipose tissue macrophages can produce either anti-inflammatory markers or pro-inflammatory markers depending on the local AT condition. Cadmium exposure was reported to upregulate pro-inflammatory markers and downregulate anti-inflammatory markers. However, the exact mechanisms of Cd’s adverse role on AT structure, function, and secretion patterns of adipokines are not totally clarified. Therefore, in this review, we present the current findings related to Cd detrimental effects on adipose tissues.
Major depressive disorder: a possible typisation according to serotonin, inflammation, and metabolic syndrome
Authors: Silić Ante , Vukojević Jakša , Peitl Vjekoslav , De Hert Marc , Karlović Dalibor 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjective:Major depressive disorder (MDD) is closely related to obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance, all together being etiologically linked to metabolic syndrome (MetS) development. The depressive disorder has a neuroendocrinological component, co-influencing the MetS, while MetS is characterised by increased cytokine levels, which are known to cause a depressed mood. This study aimed to establish biological subtypes of the depressive disorder based on researched clinical, laboratory, and anthropometric variables.Methods:We performed a cross-sectional study on a sample of 293 subjects (145 suffering from a depressive disorder and 148 healthy controls). Results were analysed with multivariate statistical methods as well as with cluster and discriminant analysis. In order to classify depressive disorder on the grounds of laboratory, anthropometric, and clinical parameters, we performed cluster analysis, which resulted in three clusters.Results:The first cluster is characterised by low platelet serotonin, high cortisol levels, high blood glucose levels, high triglycerides levels, high Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score, high waist circumference, high C-Reactive Protein values, and a high number of previous depressive episodes, was named Combined (Metabolic) depression. The inflammatory depression cluster is defined with average platelet serotonin values, normal cortisol, and all other parameter levels, except for increased IL-6 levels. The serotoninergic depression cluster is characterised by markedly low platelet serotonin, and all other parameters are within the normal range.Conclusions:From a biological point of view, depressive disorder is not uniform, and as such, these findings suggest potential clinically useful and generalisable biological subtypes of depressive disorder.
Rare sugars: metabolic impacts and mechanisms of action: a scoping review
Authors: Smith Alison , Avery Amanda , Ford Rebecca , Yang Qian , Goux Aurélie , Mukherjee Indraneil , Neville David C. A. , Jethwa Preeti 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFood manufacturers are under increasing pressure to limit the amount of free sugars in their products. Many have reformulated products to replace sucrose, glucose and fructose with alternative sweeteners, but some of these have been associated with additional health concerns. Rare sugars are ‘monosaccharides and their derivatives that hardly exist in nature’, and there is increasing evidence that they could have health benefits. This review aimed to scope the existing literature in order to identify the most commonly researched rare sugars, to ascertain their proposed health benefits, mechanisms of action and potential uses and to highlight knowledge gaps. A process of iterative database searching identified fifty-five relevant articles. The reported effects of rare sugars were noted, along with details of the research methodologies conducted. Our results indicated that the most common rare sugars investigated ared-psicose andd-tagatose, with the potential health benefits divided into three topics: glycaemic control, body composition and CVD. All the rare sugars investigated have the potential to suppress postprandial elevation of blood glucose and improve glycaemic control in both human and animal models. Some animal studies have suggested that certain rare sugars may also improve lipid profiles, alter the gut microbiome and reduce pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. The present review demonstrates that rare sugars could play a role in reducing the development of obesity, type 2 diabetes and/or CVD. However, understanding of the mechanisms by which rare sugars may exert their effects is limited, and their effectiveness when used in reformulated products is unknown.
Effect of agitation speed on the density of bacteria Photorhabdus luminescens and the population dynamics of nematodes Heterorhabditis megidis in liquid culture
Authors: Tumialis D. , Mazurkiewicz A. , Skrzecz I. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Liquid culture is the most scalable technology for the industrial production of entomopathogenic nematodes. Variability of the recovery after inoculation into cultures of Photorhabdus luminescens remains a persistent problem in the mass production of Heterorhabditis sp. In order to enhance infective juvenile (IJ) recovery and improve nematode population management, we analysed the correlation between the nematode Heterorhabditis megidis (strain KV – 136) development in liquid cultures, the density of bacteria of P. luminescens and the culture agitation speed. Analyses focused on the impact of different agitation speeds (160 rpm and 200 rpm) on the dynamics of population growth of H. megidis in liquid cultures at constant biotic and abiotic parameters (initial dose of nematodes introduced to the culture 2300 IJs/ml, temperature 25°C, the number of bacterial colonies 0.3 × 107/ml). The performed experiments showed that the agitation speed of 200 rpm favourably affected the density of bacteria of P. luminescens (24.14 × 107/ml). High density of bacteria at this agitation speed resulted in an earlier (on the fifth day of the culture) maximum increase in the number of hermaphroditic individuals (1239.6 H/ml) than in the culture at an agitation speed of 160 rpm.
A Newly Identified Impairment in Both Vision and Hearing Increases the Risk of Deterioration in Both Communication and Cognitive Performance
Authors: Guthrie Dawn M. , Williams Nicole , Campos Jennifer , Mick Paul , Orange Joseph B. , Pichora-Fuller M. Kathleen , Savundranayagam Marie Y. , Wittich Walter , Phillips Natalie A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractVision and hearing impairments are highly prevalent in adults 65 years of age and older. There is a need to understand their association with multiple health-related outcomes. We analyzed data from the Resident Assessment Instrument for Home Care (RAI-HC). Home care clients were followed for up to 5 years and categorized into seven unique cohorts based on whether or not they developed new vision and/or hearing impairments. An absolute standardized difference (stdiff) of at least 0.2 was considered statistically meaningful. Most clients (at least 60%) were female and 34.9 per cent developed a new sensory impairment. Those with a new concurrent vison and hearing impairment were more likely than those with no sensory impairments to experience a deterioration in receptive communication (stdiff = 0.68) and in cognitive performance (stdiff = 0.49). After multivariate adjustment, they had a twofold increased odds (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI]:1,87, 2.35) of deterioration in cognitive performance. Changes in sensory functioning are common and have important effects on multiple health-related outcomes.
Metric monads
Authors: Rosický Jiří 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We develop universal algebra over an enriched category and relate it to finitary enriched monads over . Using it, we deduce recent results about ordered universal algebra where inequations are used instead of equations. Then we apply it to metric universal algebra where quantitative equations are used instead of equations. This contributes to understanding of finitary monads on the category of metric spaces.
On the number of Hadamard matrices via anti-concentration
Authors: Ferber Asaf , Jain Vishesh , Zhao Yufei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMany problems in combinatorial linear algebra require upper bounds on the number of solutions to an underdetermined system of linear equations $Ax = b$, where the coordinates of the vector x are restricted to take values in some small subset (e.g. $\{\pm 1\}$) of the underlying field. The classical ways of bounding this quantity are to use either a rank bound observation due to Odlyzko or a vector anti-concentration inequality due to Halász. The former gives a stronger conclusion except when the number of equations is significantly smaller than the number of variables; even in such situations, the hypotheses of Halász’s inequality are quite hard to verify in practice. In this paper, using a novel approach to the anti-concentration problem for vector sums, we obtain new Halász-type inequalities that beat the Odlyzko bound even in settings where the number of equations is comparable to the number of variables. In addition to being stronger, our inequalities have hypotheses that are considerably easier to verify. We present two applications of our inequalities to combinatorial (random) matrix theory: (i) we obtain the first non-trivial upper bound on the number of $n\times n$ Hadamard matrices and (ii) we improve a recent bound of Deneanu and Vu on the probability of normality of a random $\{\pm 1\}$ matrix.
Trust, financial literacy, and financial market participation
Authors: Fisch Jill E. , Seligman Jason S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWillingness to participate in financial markets is important for financial well-being, including the accumulation of retirement savings through self-directed pension programs. We consider the roles of two key factors, trust and financial literacy in financial market participation. We find both are strongly related to participation. Although trust is more uniformly correlated with increases in financial market participation, the relationship between financial literacy and engagement is u-shaped, with increases in financial literacy first associated with reductions and subsequently with increases in the levels of participation. Our findings suggest trust and financial literacy play different roles and that each is related to investment behaviors in important ways.
Public knowledge and opinion of epigenetics and epigenetic concepts
Authors: Lynch Fiona , Lewis Sharon , Macciocca Ivan , Craig Jeffrey M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe field of epigenetics is currently one of the most rapidly expanding in biology and has resulted in increasing public interest in its applications to human health. Epigenetics provides a promising avenue for both targeted individual intervention and public health messaging. However, to develop effective strategies for engagement, it is important to understand the public’s understanding of the relevant concepts. While there has been some research exploring the public’s understanding of genetic and environmental susceptibility to disease, limited research exists on public opinion and understanding of epigenetics and epigenetic concepts. Using an online questionnaire, this study investigated the Australian public’s understanding, views, and opinions of epigenetics and related concepts, including the concepts of the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) and the first 1000 days. Over 600 questionnaires were completed, with 391 included in the analysis. The survey included questions on knowledge of epigenetics and perceptions of epigenetic concepts for self and for children. Data were analyzed using predominately descriptive statistics, with free-text responses scored based on concordance with predetermined definitions. While participants’ recognition of epigenetic terms and phrases was high, their understanding was limited. The DOHaD theory was more accurately understood than the first 1000 days or epigenetics itself. Female participants without children were more likely to recognize the term epigenetics, while age also had an impact. This research provides a solid foundation for further detailed investigation of these themes, all of which will be important data to help inform future public health messages regarding epigenetic concepts.
Formalism and anti-formalism in the Chinese Communist Party’s governance project
Authors: Seppänen Samuli 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article argues that the governance project of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) oscillates between rule-based formalism and anti-formalist scepticism about rule-based governance. In this dichotomy, anti-formalist arguments support CCP leaders’ efforts to maintain and increase the Party’s influence over the judiciary and other state organs, which is a key justification for the Party’s power. Formalist language, in contrast, supports Party leaders’ attempts to constrain lower-level cadres’ uses of power within the Party. Formalist language is particularly prominent in the writings of Party ideologues on the interpretation of the Party’s internal regulations, including the CCP Constitution. At the same time, Party ideology also provides for various anti-formalist arguments about rule-based governance within and outside the Party. Paradoxical as it may be, the Party leadership seeks to exert rule-transcending political leadership through formal rules. While the focus of this article is on China, it argues that other illiberal regimes may also be studied in terms of similar, potentially incoherent approaches to rule-based governance.
The Constitution of the Philippines and transformative constitutionalism
Authors: Chopra Surabhi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article examines the 1987 Constitution of the Philippines’ provisions on social and economic rights and welfare. It considers how the 1987 Constitution fits within the post-liberal paradigm of ‘transformative’ constitutional texts that emerged during democratic transitions in the 1980s and 1990s. It then analyses how the Supreme Court of the Philippines responded to the constitutional call for egalitarian socio-economic reform in the first fifteen years after the People Power revolution. The article highlights how the 1987 Constitution envisions far-reaching, progressive socio-economic change, and incorporates both social and economic rights as well as open-ended policy goals in this regard. The article argues that this hybrid approach to distributive justice creates a distinctive set of interpretive challenges for the judiciary. It then argues that the Philippine Supreme Court’s approach to these provisions in the years following the transition to democracy was perfunctory and somewhat inchoate. The court affirmed its jurisdiction over these provisions, but did not develop meaningful standards or principles in relation to them. The article points out that transformative constitutional texts place difficult demands on the judiciary in relation to social and economic rights. They prompt the judiciary into unfamiliar domains. At the same time, institutional legitimacy – including legitimacy on questions of distributive justice – requires judges to sustain the sense of a cogent boundary between constitutional law and politics. The article argues that these challenges were heightened in the Philippines by the textual ambiguity of the 1987 Constitution as well as the relative dearth of jurisprudential resources at the time. It concludes by considering the implications of the Philippines experience for the design of transformative constitutions.
Quartz Crystallinity Index of Arabian Sands and Sandstones
Authors: Radwan Omar A. , Humphrey John D. , Al‐Ramadan Khalid A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAlthough quartz crystallinity index (QCI) was developed more than four decades ago, it remains a relatively new tool used in provenance studies. This study examines QCI values of Arabian sands (Quaternary sands from Nafud, Dahna, and AlRub'AlKhali deserts), and Arabian sandstones (Paleozoic and Mesozoic sandstones from northern and central Arabia). QCI values of sandstones range from 8.2 to 9.8. For Quaternary occurrences, QCI values of Nafud sands range from 7.4 to 9.5, Dahna sands range from 7.9 to 9.4, and AlRub'AlKhali sands range from 8.8 to 9.4. The data confirm that Arabian sands are derived mainly from early Paleozoic sandstones, with subordinate contributions from late Paleozoic and Mesozoic sandstones. They also highlight the role that sediment homogenization plays in narrowing QCI values of AlRub'AlKhali sands. Highest and lowest QCI values raise questions about the role of chert in controlling of QCI values of Arabian sands and sandstones. Arabian sandstones of Late Ordovician, Late Devonian, Late Permian, Late Triassic, and Cretaceous age possess the highest QCI values (>9.5). These time intervals coincide with lower abundances of siliceous sponges, and therefore fewer potential sources of chertification/silicification. Cambrian sandstones and Quaternary sands possess the lowest QCI values (<8.5). This coincides with the fact that both are of eolian origin, environments, which usually contain large quantities of quartz‐rich dust that are documented to be a primary source of silica for chert formation. Therefore, we propose that the presence of chert is responsible for the extreme values of QCI in Arabian sands and sandstones.