bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bridging late-life depression and chronic somatic diseases: a network analysis
Authors: Triolo Federico , Belvederi Murri Martino , Calderón-Larrañaga Amaia , Vetrano Davide Liborio , Sjöberg Linnea , Fratiglioni Laura , Dekhtyar Serhiy 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe clinical presentation of late-life depression is highly heterogeneous and likely influenced by the co-presence of somatic diseases. Using a network approach, this study aims to explore how depressive symptoms are interconnected with each other, as well as with different measures of somatic disease burden in older adults. We examined cross-sectional data on 2860 individuals aged 60+ from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen, Stockholm. The severity of sixteen depressive symptoms was clinically assessed with the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale. We combined data from individual clinical assessment and health-registers to construct eight system-specific disease clusters (cardiovascular, neurological, gastrointestinal, metabolic, musculoskeletal, respiratory, sensory, and unclassified), along with a measure of overall somatic burden. The interconnection among depressive symptoms, and with disease clusters was explored through networks based on Spearman partial correlations. Bridge centrality index and network loadings were employed to identify depressive symptoms directly connecting disease clusters and depression.Sadness,pessimism,anxiety, andsuicidal thoughtswere the most interconnected symptoms of the depression network, while somatic symptoms of depression were less interconnected. In the network integrating depressive symptoms with disease clusters,suicidal thoughts,reduced appetite, andcognitive difficultiesconstituted the most consistent bridge connections. The same bridge symptoms emerged when considering an overall measure of somatic disease burden.Suicidal thoughts,reduced appetite,andcognitive difficultiesmay play a key role in the interconnection between late-life depression and somatic diseases. If confirmed in longitudinal studies, these bridging symptoms could constitute potential targets in the prevention of late-life depression.
Lithium treatment and human hippocampal neurogenesis
Authors: Palmos Alish B. , Duarte Rodrigo R. R. , Smeeth Demelza M. , Hedges Erin C. , Nixon Douglas F. , Thuret Sandrine , Powell Timothy R. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLithium is a first-line treatment for bipolar disorder, where it acts as a mood-stabilizing agent. Although its precise mechanism remains unclear, neuroimaging studies have shown that lithium accumulates in the hippocampus and that chronic use amongst bipolar disorder patients is associated with larger hippocampal volumes. Here, we tested the chronic effects of low (0.75 mM) and high (2.25 mM) doses of lithium on human hippocampal progenitor cells and used immunocytochemistry to investigate the effects of lithium on cell parameters implicated in neurogenesis. Corresponding RNA-sequencing and gene-set enrichment analyses were used to evaluate whether genes affected by lithium in our model overlap with those regulating the volume of specific layers of the dentate gyrus. We observed that high-dose lithium treatment in human hippocampal progenitors increased the generation of neuroblasts (P ≤ 0.01), neurons (P ≤ 0.01), and glia (P ≤ 0.001), alongside the expression of genes, which regulate the volume of the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus. This study provides empirical support that adult hippocampal neurogenesis and gliogenesis are mechanisms that could contribute to the effects of lithium on human hippocampal volume.
Proteogenomic discovery of sORF-encoded peptides associated with bacterial virulence in Yersinia pestis
Authors: Cao Shiyang , Liu Xinyue , Huang Yin , Yan Yanfeng , Zhou Congli , Shao Chen , Yang Ruifu , Zhu Weimin , Du Zongmin , Jia Chenxi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPlague caused by Yersinia pestis is one of the deadliest diseases. However, many molecular mechanisms of bacterial virulence remain unclear. This study engaged in the discovery of small open reading frame (sORF)-encoded peptides (SEPs) in Y. pestis. An integrated proteogenomic pipeline was established, and an atlas containing 76 SEPs was described. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that 20% of these SEPs were secreted or localized to the transmembrane and that 33% contained functional domains. Two SEPs, named SEPs-yp1 and -yp2 and encoded in noncoding regions, were selected by comparative peptidomics analysis under host-specific environments and high-salinity stress. They displayed important roles in the regulation of antiphagocytic capability in a thorough functional assay. Remarkable attenuation of virulence in mice was observed in the SEP-deleted mutants. Further global proteomic analysis indicated that SEPs-yp1 and -yp2 affected the bacterial metabolic pathways, and SEP-yp1 was associated with the bacterial virulence by modulating the expression of key virulence factors of the Yersinia type III secretion system. Our study provides a rich resource for research on Y. pestis and plague, and the findings on SEP-yp1 and SEP-yp2 shed light on the molecular mechanism of bacterial virulence.
Variability in higher order structure of noise added to weighted networks
Authors: Blevins Ann S. , Kim Jason Z. , Bassett Dani S. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe complex behavior of many real-world systems depends on a network of both strong and weak edges. Distinguishing between true weak edges and low-weight edges caused by noise is a common problem in data analysis, and solutions tend to either remove noise or study noise in the absence of data. In this work, we instead study how noise and data coexist, by examining the structure of noisy, weak edges that have been synthetically added to model networks. We find that the structure of low-weight, noisy edges varies according to the topology of the model network to which it is added, that at least three qualitative classes of noise structure emerge, and that these noisy edges can be used to classify the model networks. Our results demonstrate that noise does not present as a monolithic nuisance, but rather as a nuanced, topology-dependent, and even useful entity in characterizing higher-order network interactions.
Preview repetitive control with equivalent input disturbance for continuous‐time linear systems
Authors: Lan Yong‐Hong , Zhao Jia‐Yu , She Jin‐Hua 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper investigates the problem of preview repetitive control with equivalent‐input‐disturbance for a class of continuous‐time linear systems in the presence of unknown external disturbances. First, an augmented delay system is constructed by using the nominal state equation with error system and the state equation of a modified repetitive controller, which is then transformed into a non‐delayed one by state transformation. Next, by using optimal control theory, a preview repetitive control law is obtained. It is composed of state feedback, tracking error compensation, output of modified repetitive controller and preview compensation. Furthermore, in order to achieve a good disturbance estimation and attenuation performance, by applying the results of the standard equivalent‐input‐disturbance theory, a preview repetitive control law with equivalent‐input‐disturbance is offered for the uncertain system with unknown external disturbance. Finally, the numerical simulation example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Interleaved hybrid control with an upper optimizer of parallel three‐level LLC converters for battery charging applications
Authors: Lin Hui‐Pin , Jin Xiao‐Guang , Miao Zhe‐Yu , He Zhi‐Wei , Gao Ming‐Yu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis letter proposes an interleaved hybrid control for parallel three‐level (TL) LLC converters in battery charging applications. The duty cycle and the switching frequency are used to adjust the voltage gain; the phase shift control is adopted to realize voltage sharing of the divided capacitors. A virtual equivalent frequency‐gain control is adopted to coordinate multiple control variables. And the current ripples are reduced for the interleaved structure. Based on the performance analysis, an upper optimizer is proposed to update the upper limit frequency and interleaving arrangement in real time. Accordingly, it achieves a wide range of output voltage, and it further improves the system efficiency under light load and low output voltage conditions. A prototype is presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Laboratory modelling of equatorial ‘tongue’ accretion channels in young stellar objects caused by the Rayleigh-Taylor instability
Authors: Burdonov K. , Yao W. , Sladkov A. , Bonito R. , Chen S.N. , Ciardi A. , Korzhimanov A. , Soloviev A. , Starodubtsev M. , Zemskov R. , Orlando S. , Romanova M. , Fuchs J. 
Published: October 2021

Context. The equatorial accretion scenario, caused by the development of the Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instability at the disk edge, was suggested by accurate three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modelling, but no observational or experimental confirmation of such phenomena has been evidenced yet.
Aims. We studied the propagation of a laterally extended laser-generated plasma stream across a magnetic field and investigated if this kind of structure can be scaled to the case of equatorial ‘tongue’ accretion channels in young stellar objects (YSOs); if so, this would support the possibility of equatorial accretion in young accreting stars.
Methods. We conducted a scaled laboratory experiment at the PEARL laser facility. The experiment consists in an optical laser pulse that is focused onto the surface of a Teflon target. The irradiation of the target leads to the expansion of a hot plasma stream into the vacuum, perpendicularly to an externally applied magnetic field. We used a Mach-Zehnder interferometer to diagnose the plasma stream propagation along two axes, to obtain the three-dimensional distribution of the plasma stream.
Results. The laboratory experiment shows the propagation of a laterally extended laser-generated plasma stream across a magnetic field. We demonstrate that: (i) such a stream is subject to the development of the RT instability, and (ii) the stream, decomposed into tongues, is able to efficiently propagate perpendicular to the magnetic field. Based on numerical simulations, we show that the origin of the development of the instability in the laboratory is similar to that observed in MHD models of equatorial tongue accretion in YSOs.
Conclusions. As we verify that the laboratory plasma scales favourably to accretion inflows of YSOs, our laboratory results support the argument in favour of the possibility of the RT-instability-caused equatorial tongue accretion scenario in the astrophysical case.
Analysis of 272 Genetic Variants in the Upgraded Interactive FXI Web Database Reveals New Insights into FXI Deficiency
Authors: Harris Victoria A. , Lin Weining , Perkins Stephen J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCoagulation Factor XI (FXI) is a plasma glycoprotein composed of four apple (Ap) domains and a serine protease (SP) domain. FXI circulates as a dimer and activates Factor IX (FIX), promoting thrombin production and preventing excess blood loss. Genetic variants that degrade FXI structure and function often lead to bleeding diatheses, commonly termed FXI deficiency. The first interactive FXI variant database underwent initial development in 2003 at https://www.factorxi.org. Here, based on a much improved FXI crystal structure, the upgraded FXI database contains information regarding 272 FXI variants (including 154 missense variants) found in 657 patients, this being a significant increase from the 183 variants identified in the 2009 update. Type I variants involve the simultaneous reduction of FXI coagulant activity (FXI:C) and FXI antigen levels (FXI:Ag), whereas Type II variants result in decreased FXI:C yet normal FXI:Ag. The database updates now highlight the predominance of Type I variants in FXI. Analysis in terms of a consensus Ap domain revealed the near-uniform distribution of 81 missense variants across the Ap domains. A further 66 missense variants were identified in the SP domain, showing that all regions of the FXI protein were important for function. The variants clarified the critical importance of changes in surface solvent accessibility, as well as those of cysteine residues and the dimer interface. Guidelines are provided below for clinicians who wish to use the database for diagnostic purposes. In conclusion, the updated database provides an easy-to-use web resource on FXI deficiency for clinicians.
Total-reflection high-energy positron diffractometer at NEPOMUC — Instrumentation, simulation, and first measurements
Authors: Dodenhöft Matthias , Vohburger Sebastian , Hugenschmidt Christoph 
Published: November 2021

We report the instrumentation of a new positron diffractometer that is connected to the high-intensity positron beam at the neutron induced positron source Munich. Crucial elements for the adaption of the positron beam are presented, which include the magnetic field termination, the optional transmission-type remoderator for brightness enhancement, and the electrostatic system for acceleration and beam optics. The positron trajectories of the remoderated and the twofold remoderated beam have been simulated to optimize the system, i.e., to obtain a coherent beam of small diameter. Within a first beamtime, we tuned the system and characterized the direct beam. For the twofold remoderated beam of 10 keV energy, we experimentally observe a beam diameter of d &lt; 1.3 mm, which agrees well with the simulation.
Adsorption of CH4 on the Pt(111) surface: Random phase approximation compared to density functional theory
Authors: Sheldon Christopher , Paier Joachim , Sauer Joachim 
Published: November 2021

We investigate the adsorption of CH4 on the Pt(111) surface for two adsorption modes, hcp (hexagonal closed packed) hollow tripod and top monopod in a (√3 × √3)R30° surface cell that corresponds to experimental surface coverage. Surface structures are optimized with density functional theory using the Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (PBE) functional augmented with the many-body dispersion scheme of Tkatchenko (PBE+MBD). Whereas the Random Phase Approximation (RPA) predicts a clear preference of about 5 kJ mol−1 for the hcp tripod compared to the top monopod structure, in agreement with vibrational spectra, PBE+MBD predicts about equal stability for the two adsorption structures. For the hcp tripod, RPA yields an adsorption energy of −14.5 kJ mol−1, which is converged to within 1.0 ± 0.5 kJ mol−1 with respect to the plane wave energy cutoff (500 eV), the k-point mesh (4 × 4 × 1), the vacuum layer (about 10.3 Å, with extrapolation to infinite distance), and the number of Pt layers (3). Increments for increasing the number of Pt layers to 4 (+1.6 kJ mol−1) and the k-point mesh to 6 × 6 × 1 (−0.6 kJ mol−1) yield a final estimate of −13.5 ± 2.1 kJ mol−1, which agrees to within 2.2 ± 2.1 kJ mol−1 with experiment (−15.7 ± 1.6), well within the chemical accuracy range.
Mapping dynamical ejecta and disk masses from numerical relativity simulations of neutron star mergers
Authors: Nedora Vsevolod , Schianchi Federico , Bernuzzi Sebastiano , Radice David , Daszuta Boris , Endrizzi Andrea , Perego Albino , Prakash Aviral , Zappa Francesco 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We present fitting formulae for the dynamical ejecta properties and remnant disk masses from the largest to date sample of numerical relativity simulations. The considered data include some of the latest simulations with microphysical nuclear equations of state (EOS) and neutrino transport as well as other results with polytropic EOS available in the literature. Our analysis indicates that the broad features of the dynamical ejecta and disk properties can be captured by fitting expressions, that depend on mass ratio and reduced tidal parameter. The comparative analysis of literature data shows that microphysics and neutrino absorption have a significant impact on the dynamical ejecta properties. Microphysical nuclear EOS lead to average velocities smaller than polytropic EOS, while including neutrino absorption results in larger average ejecta masses and electron fractions. Hence, microphysics and neutrino transport are necessary to obtain quantitative models of the ejecta in terms of the binary parameters.
Spherically symmetric charged black holes with wavy scalar hair
Authors: Brihaye Yves , Hartmann Betti 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We study standard Einstein–Maxwell theory minimally coupled to a complex valued and self-interacting scalar field. We demonstrate that new, previously unnoticed spherically symmetric, charged black hole solutions with scalar hair exist in this model for sufficiently large gravitational coupling and sufficiently small electromagnetic coupling. The novel scalar hair has the form of a spatially oscillating ‘wave packet’ and back-reacts on the space-time such that both the Ricci and the Kretschmann scalar, respectively, possess qualitatively similar oscillations.
Doping limitation due to self-compensation by native defects in In-doped rocksalt Cd
x
Zn1−x
O
Authors: Ho Chun Yuen , Li Chia Hsiang , Liu Chao Ping , Huang Zhi-Quan , Chuang Feng-Chuan , Yu Kin Man 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Cadmium oxide (CdO)–ZnO alloys (Cd
x
Zn1−x
O) exhibit a transformation from the wurtzite to the rocksalt (RS) phase at a CdO composition of ∼70% with a drastic change in the band gap and electrical properties. RS–Cd
x
Zn1−x
O alloys (x > 0.7) are particularly interesting for transparent conductor applications due to their wide band gap and high electron mobility. In this work, we synthesized RS–Cd
x
Zn1−x
O alloys doped with different concentrations of In dopants and evaluated their electrical and optical properties. Experimental results are analyzed in terms of the amphoteric native defect model and compared directly to defect formation energies obtained by hybrid density functional theory (DFT) calculations. A saturation in electron concentration of ∼7 × 1020 cm−3 accompanied by a rapid drop in electron mobility is observed for the RS–Cd
x
Zn1−x
O films with 0.7 ⩽ x < 1 when the In dopant concentration [In] is larger than 3%. Hybrid DFT calculations confirm that the formation energy of metal vacancy acceptor defects is significantly lower in RS–Cd
x
Zn1−x
O than in CdO, and hence limits the free carrier concentration. Mobility calculations reveal that due to the strong compensation by native defects, RS–Cd
x
Zn1−x
O alloys exhibit a compensation ratio of >0.7 for films with x < 0.8. As a consequence of the compensation by native defects, in heavily doped RS–Cd
x
Zn1−x
O carrier-induced band filling effect is limited. Furthermore, the much lower mobility of the RS–Cd
x
Zn1−x
O alloys also results in a higher resistivity and reduced transmittance in the near infra-red region (λ > 1100 nm), making the material not suitable as transparent conductors for full spectrum photovoltaics.
Influence of radiation transport on discharge characteristics of an atmospheric pressure plasma jet in argon
Authors: Valin S , Golubovskii Y , Gortschakow S , Sigeneger F 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the current work the method of radiation trapping treatment in finite coaxial cylinders using spherical coordinates is introduced. The operator of the resonant transition process is obtained explicitly in matrix form and its response to the delta function is analyzed in both hollow and solid cylinders. The influence of the radiation trapping effect is shown for the example of a model of a miniaturized non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma jet. The results of the calculations with the developed matrix method (MM) are compared with those based on the effective probability approximation. It is shown that the use of the MM leads to significant spatial redistribution of the excited plasma species due to the non-local effects of the radiation transport mechanism.
Controllable bistable smart composite structures driven by liquid crystal elastomer
Authors: Kang Jingtian , Liu Suixin , Wang Changguo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this article, we proposed a new way to achieve monostable and bistable characteristics of composite layers based on liquid crystal elastomer (LCE). A smart trilayer composite structure is fabricated using LCE and acrylic elastomer, which can have several morphologies. It keeps flat at room temperature and can deform into a monostable saddle or bistable cylinder surface in response to simple temperature changes. The reversible deformation can be controlled through two parameters including geometrical size and actuation strain. The LCE can be programmed to generate different actuation strains by different formulas during synthesis or different mechanical stretches during UV radiation. The deformed morphology for different sample sizes and actuation strain is calculated using Finite element simulation. By comparison with the experimental results, we confirm that the phenomena can be captured through numerical simulations. Furthermore, to have a quantitative understanding, we use numerical simulation to calculate the deformation of the composite structure by tuning these two parameters and give a morphological portrait illustrating the relationship between the deformed shape and control parameters.
Mass biases in exclusive radiative hadronic decays of W bosons at the LHC
Authors: Jones E , Murray W J 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The search for exclusive hadronic vector boson decays is an ongoing part of the LHC programme where, to date, no such decays have been observed. In addition to the intrinsic interest in the branching ratios, there is potential for a measurement of the W boson mass quite distinct from the usual methods. The radiative decay modes offer good potential channels for this search; however, we highlight three issues with it not previously discussed: particle misidentification, partial reconstruction and the impact of interference with QCD. These issues cause shifts in the peak position of tens or hundreds of MeV/c2.
Network processes on clique-networks with high average degree: the limited effect of higher-order structure
Authors: Stegehuis Clara , Peron Thomas 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the effect of local structures on network processes. We investigate a random graph model that incorporates local clique structures, and thus deviates from the locally tree-like behavior of most standard random graph models. For the process of bond percolation, we derive analytical approximations for large percolation probabilities and the critical percolation value. Interestingly, these derivations show that when the average degree of a vertex is large, the influence of the deviations from the locally tree-like structure is small. In our simulations, this insensitivity to local clique structures often already kicks in for networks with average degrees as low as 6. Furthermore, we show that the different behavior of bond percolation on clustered networks compared to tree-like networks that was found in previous works can be almost completely attributed to differences in degree sequences rather than differences in clustering structures. We finally show that these results also extend to completely different types of dynamics, by deriving similar conclusions and simulations for the Kuramoto model on the same types of clustered and non-clustered networks.