bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of uORFs in mediating regulation of translation in stress conditions
Authors: Moro Simone G. , Hermans Cedric , Ruiz-Orera Jorge , Albà M. Mar 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: A large fraction of genes contain upstream ORFs (uORFs) in the 5' untranslated region (5'UTR). The translation of uORFs can inhibit the translation of the main coding sequence, for example by causing premature dissociation of the two ribosomal units or ribosome stalling. However, it is currently unknown if most uORFs are inhibitory or if this activity is restricted to specific cases. Here we interrogate ribosome profiling data from three different stress experiments in yeast to address this question. Results: By comparing ribosome occupancies in different conditions and experiments we obtain strong evidence that, in comparison to primary coding sequences (CDS), which undergo translational arrest during stress, the translation of uORFs is mostly unaffected by changes in the environment. As a result the relative abundance of uORF-encoded peptides increases during stress. In general, the changes in the translational efficiency of regions containing uORFs do not seem to affect downstream translation. The exception are uORFs found in a subset of genes that are strongly up-regulated at the level of translation during stress; these uORFs tend to be translated at lower levels during stress than in optimal growth conditions, facilitating the translation of the CDS during stress. We find new examples of uORF-mediated regulation of translation, including the Gcn4 functional homologue fil1 and ubi4 genes in S. pombe.Conclusion: We find evidence that the relative amount of uORF-encoded peptides increases during stress. The increased translation of uORFs is however uncoupled from the general CDS translational repression observed during stress. In a subset of genes that encode proteins that need to be rapidly synthesized upon stress uORFs act as translational switches.
Building data analytics skills for clinical drug development quality professionals - the Data Analytics University training program
Authors: Havenhand Sharon , Koneswarakantha Björn , Rolo Donato , Mehta Pooja , Bowling Rich , Ménard Timothé 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Clinical drug development is a complex and extensive process that entails multiple stakeholders alongside patients, requires large capital expenditures and takes nearly a decade on average to complete. To ensure the correct development of this process, rigorous quality activities must be conducted to assess and guarantee the Good Clinical and Pharmacovigilance Practices (GxP) for study compliance. For about 25 years, most of these activities have been performed in the form of audits, which implies a high volume of manual work and resources in addition to being reactive by nature. Due to the limitations of this approach, together with intent to leverage new technologies in the data analytics field, a more holistic, proactive and data-driven approach needed to take place. For this to happen, quality assurance expertise needed to be complemented by the data literacy skillset. To achieve this, the Data Analytics University (DAU) was created. An in-house training program composed by two pathways that provided a framework for clinical quality staff to develop their data analytics capabilities. The first pathway covers the basics of statistics, probability and data-related terminology, while the second deepens further into the topics covered in the former followed by hands-on activities to put the knowledge to test. After successful completion of 15 DAU sessions, over 310 trained staff were able to apply their learning on data analytics and solve potential issues that might arise with a given dataset. In the near future, the DAU will be made available externally as an e-learning training program.
Complications of Cardiovascular Events in Patients Hospitalized with Influenza-Related Pneumonia
Authors: Chen Liang , Han Xiudi , Li YanLi , Zhang Chunxiao , Xing Xiqian 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Influenza virus infections are a key cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Cardiovascular events (CVEs) are common among CAP and influenza patients, but there have been few population-based studies of influenza-related pneumonia (Flu-p) patients published to date. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 1191 immunocompetent hospitalized adult Flu-p patients from January 2012 - December 2018 in five teaching hospitals in China was conducted.Results: A total of 24.6% (293/1191) of patients developed at least one form of CVE-related complication while hospitalization. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, coronary artery disease, preexisting heart failure, systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg, respiratory rates ≥ 30 breaths/min, a lymphocyte count < 0.8×109/L, PaO2/FiO2 < 300 mmHg, systemic corticosteroid administration, early neuraminidase inhibitor treatment, and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blocker treatment were independently associated with the risk of CVEs. After controlling for potential confounding variables, we determined that CVEs were linked to a higher risk of 30-day mortality (OR 3.307, 95% CI 2.198-4.975, p < 0.001) in Flu-p patients. Conclusions: CVE-related complications are common among hospitalized Flu-p patients, and are associated with negative patient outcomes. Clarifying these CVE-related risk factors can aid in their clinical prevention and care.
Contribution of variations in Northern Hemisphere annular mode to the near-surface wind speed changes over Eastern China for 1979-2017
Authors: Zha Jinlin , Shen Cheng , Wu Jian , Zhao Deming , Azorin-Molina Cesar 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Studies have shown that large-scale ocean-atmosphere circulations (LOACs) played the major role to the near-surface wind speed (NWS) changes over China; however, the mechanisms whereby LOACs influences NWS to have received little attention. In this study, the processes of the Northern Hemisphere annular mode (NAM) influencing the NWS changes are revealed over eastern China for 1979–2017. The results showed a slowdown in NWS, at a rate of − 0.09 ± 0.01 m s− 1 decade− 1; meanwhile, this decline could be partly driven by the weakening of the zonal wind component. When the NAM exhibits positive phases, the zonal-mean westerly weakens at the low-to-mid-latitudes (10°–40°N); meanwhile, in the troposphere descending flows prevail near 40°N and ascending flows prevail near 65°N, and in the lower troposphere there are northerly anomalies at the low-to-mid-latitudes and southerly anomalies at mid-to-high latitudes (40°–70°N). The anomalous meridional flows transport heat from lower latitudes to higher latitudes and weaken the north–south air temperature gradient. The decreased air temperature gradient over East Asia reduces the pressure-gradient near the surface in eastern China, thereby decreasing the NWS. Furthermore, the effects of NAM on NWS changes are more significant at interannual scale than decadal scale. 32.0 ± 15.8 % of the changes in the annual mean NWS are caused by the variations in NAM; meanwhile, the NAM contribution to the interannual changes in the zonal component of NWS reach 45.0 ± 12.9 %.
Localized interaction solutions of the (2+1)-dimensional Ito Equation
Authors: Ma Hongcai , Wu Hanfang , Ma Wenxiu , Deng Aiping 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Localized interaction solutions of the (2+1)-dimensional Ito equation with free parameters are obtained by using a Hirota bilinear transformation. Various plots with particular choices of the involved parameters are made to show energy distributions and dynamical properties of the special exact solutions. This phenomenon may provide us with interesting information on dynamics in the higher-dimensional nonlinear world.
Evaluation of Factors Affecting Delamination, Tensile Strength, Thrust Force and Surface Roughness in Drilling of GFRP
Authors: KILICKAP Erol , Celik Yahya Hışman , Yenigun Burak 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The drilling operation of glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) composites has gained importance because they are used as structural components in many industries such as aerospace and aviation. In the drilling of GFRP composites, some problems such as deformation and fiber breakage occur. Thrust force, delamination, surface quality and cutting temperature are affected by drilling parameters and woven types in the drilling of GFRP composites. At the same time, delamination also affects tensile strength. In this study, the effects of drilling parameters and woven types of GFRP composites on thrust force, surface roughness, delamination factor, and cutting temperature were examined in the drilling of GFRP composites produced in unidirectional (UD), ± 45º and 0°/90º woven types. The effects of drilling parameters and the delamination factor on the tensile strength of the drilled specimen were also investigated. The result of this study indicated that thrust force, delamination factor, and surface roughness increased with increasing cutting speed and feed rate. An increase in feed rate decreased the cutting temperature while an increase in cutting speed increased the cutting temperature. Also, it was found that the delamination had a critical influence on the tensile strength of the GFRP composites.
Profiles of sensitization and comorbidity in asthma patients with markedly increased serum total immunoglobulin E level (&gt;1000 kUA/L)
Authors: Wu Ge , Zhang Teng , Zhang Xiaohua Douglas , Sun Baoqing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundImmunoglobulin E (IgE) plays an important role in asthma, but a few cases exhibited extremely high levels of serum total IgE. This study aimed to investigate the profiles of complications, severity, and sensitizations in asthma patients with serum total IgE level >1000 kUA/L.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 170 asthma patients with serum total IgE levels >1000 kUA/L from the in-patient database of First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from January 2014 to June 2019. Available information including age, gender, body mass index (BMI), diagnosis, results of blood routine, pulmonary function, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), induced sputum (if any), IgE (both total and specific) and medication records were analyzed. ResultsAbout 15% patients had at least one complication, and 78.82% patients were positive for at least one allergen. The top two complications were airway infections (44.71%) and rhinosinusitis (41.18%), followed by hypertension and/or cardiovascular diseases (20.59%) and COPD (12.94%). And in patients without sensitization, rhinosinusitis accounted for the highest proportion over all complications (45.83%). Serum total IgE levels did not differ among patients with different complications. Overall, mites had the highest positive rate (59.4%). In minors, the positive rates of mites (81.25% vs. 54.35%, P <0.01) and food (68.75% vs. 39.86%, P <0.01) were significantly higher than those in adults. Serum total IgE levels were positively correlated to house dust mite specific IgE levels (r=0.23, P <0.05), peripheral blood eosinophil counts (r=0.21, P <0.01) and number of confirmed sIgE positivity (r=0.19, P <0.01) and optimal scaling analysis showed that asthma severity was associated with A. fumigatus specific IgE levels. ConclusionsIn asthma patients with markedly increased serum total IgE levels (>1000 kUA/L), the most common two complications were airway infections and rhinosinusitis despite of sensitization. A. fumigatus specific IgE levels were closely associated with total IgE levels and asthma severity.
Evaluation of an in house genetic testing method for confirmation of Prader - Willi and Angelman syndromes in Sri Lanka
Authors: Panchananthan Nirosha , Silva Deepthi De , Rathnayake Pyara , Atapattu Navoda , Chandrasekharan Naduviladath Vishvanath 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Introduction
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS, MIM 17620) and Angelman syndrome (AS, MIM 105830) are caused by imprinting defects of chromosome 15q11-13, with loss of maternal gene expression causing AS and paternal gene expression causing PWS. The diagnosis, once established in most cases using a methylation sensitive PCR test, enables appropriate therapeutic interventions and avoids the need for further genetic investigations. Genetic testing for PWS/AS is limited in Sri Lanka (and other low and middle income countries) mainly because parents are unable to pay for testing as these are not funded by the health service.
Methods
Ninety cases (44 Male and 46 female) with clinical features suspicious of PWS (n= 37) and AS (n=53) referred by a paediatric endocrinologist and a paediatric neurologist were recruited. Clinical information and blood samples were obtained following informed consent. DNA was extracted and methylation sensitive PCR (MS-PCR) was performed following bisulfite modification of DNA using an in house method and a kit. Results were validated using known positive controls. Parent child trio DNA samples were used in cases with confirmed PWS and AS to determine if the disease was due to a deletion or uniparental disomy. The cost of the MS-PCR testing the two modification methods and the microsatellite analysis was determined.
Results
Among suspected PWS cases 19/37 were positive while 5/53 suspected AS cases were positive. The lower identification rate of AS is probably related to the overlap of clinical features of this condition with other disorders. The kit based modification method was more reliable, less time consuming and cost effective in our laboratory.
Conclusions
The kit based modification followed by MS-PCR described here enables more affordable genetic testing of suspected PWS/AS cases and this is likely to improve patient care by targeting appropriate therapy for affected cases. Parental genetic counselling is made possible regarding the low recurrence risk, especially where a deletion or uniparental disomy are confirmed. In MS-PCR negative cases with a strong clinical suspicion of AS, UBE3A mutation testing is required. In addition, imprinting centre mutation/ deletion testing may also be needed in strongly clinically suspected, MS-PCR negative PWS and AS cases.
Machinability Analysis of&nbsp;Delamination and Thrust Force in Drilling of Pure and Added GFRP&nbsp;Composites
Authors: Unuvar Ali , Öztürk Osman 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The aim of this work is to define the cutting conditions that allow the drilling of added glass fiber reinforced epoxy composite materials by taking into consideration the exit delamination factor, thrust force and the optimum combination of drilling parameters. The experiments were carried out under two cutting parameters such as cutting speed and feed rate for three levels each. Taguchi experimental design is used to reduce the excessive number of experiments. The experiment design was accomplished by application of the statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA). Correlations between cutting speed/feed rate and the various machining parameters were established to optimize cutting conditions. These correlations were found by quadratic regression using response surface methodology (RSM). Multiple regression analysis (MRA) was also employed to establish parametric relationships between the experimental parameters and the machinability outputs consisting of delamination and thrust force. The machinability refers to the relative ease or difficulty under certain cutting conditions. Therefore, it is very important to understand the factors affect the machinability and to evaluate their effects. Machinability of GFRP composites was enquired. It is aimed to evaluate the machinability of these materials. A machinability index has been developed in current study.
Geo-spatial Technique Combined With AHP, SRS, and RSW&nbsp;Methods for Suitability Analysis of Landfill Site in Durgapur Municipal Corporation
Authors: Hazra Tutun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Durgapur, an industrial city, is the second and third-largest city in West Bengal in terms of population and area respectively. The city is suffering from an enormous generation of waste and improper waste management. The wastes are dumped in an unscientific and unplanned way, negatively impacting the environment and public health. Hence, the National Green Tribunal has advised the city planners to find new landfill sites following the Central Pollution Control Board's guidance. This paper focuses on the new landfill site selection of Durgapur city using the Multi-criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods with Geographic Information System (GIS). The methodologies used for the site selection processes are GIS (for mapping the 14 criteria and overlay analysis) and MCDM methods: Analytical Hierarchy Process, Straight Rank Sum Method, and Ratio Scale Weighting Method (to derive the weights). Finally, the five landfill sites are selected after calculating the change detection.
WITHDRAWN: Synthesizing and Characterizing the Hybrid Pigment Fe 0.7 Cr1.3 O3 With High NIR Reflectance for Sustainable Energy Saving Applications
Authors: Mobarhan Ghazal , Souri Alireza , Mostafavi Seyed Kasra Seyed , Ghahari Mehdi , Safi Mahdi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Today, a growing number of the world population face a rise in the cost of living, especially an increase in energy costs. That is why Energy-saving has become a vital issue. In this regard, one of the remarkable ways to reduce energy consumption is using cool pigments; therefore, many kinds of research have been done to improve pigments' infrared reflection capability. In this paper, the role of particle morphology was investigated to boost the infrared reflection property of iron-chromium-based pigments. For this purpose, a series of inorganic pigments based on the Fe0.7Cr1.3O3 formula was prepared via a hydrothermal method. The particles' morphology was altered by using surfactants to improve the pigments' reflecting properties. The IR reflectance results proved that the flaky particles exhibit an enhanced IR reflection, which is significantly higher than in the spherical one. Furthermore, the results have revealed that silica coating leads to a meaningful improvement in the IR reflection property. It was found that the maximum near-infrared solar reflectance of the sample with 2.63% succinic acid surfactant and silica coating was 52.23% compared to that of Fe0.7Cr1.3O3, which was 25.36%.
Bibliometric analysis in databases on publications related to the replacement of natural aggregates by residues with a focus on sustainability and Brazil
Authors: Albuquerque Carlos Alberto de , Mello Carlos Henrique Pereira , Gomes José Henrique de Freitas , Santos Valquíria Claret dos 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
As part of a research project on the substitution of natural aggregates for residues, this article carried out a literature review, identifying articles that have the words aggregates, residues and concrete in their topics, in the Scopus and Web of Sciences bases. Among the main objectives of this review are: to verify what is the relative position of Brazil in relation to research in the area of substitution of aggregate for waste; to identify the main residues that are being studied to be used as raw material substitutes in the construction industry, mainly in Brazil; evaluate the hypothesis that a search using the words concrete, aggregate and residue will result in articles from the environmental and civil engineering areas. The main results are: Brazil is the country that most published articles with the characteristics investigated in the present work, followed by the countries China, Italy, USA and Spain; articles by Brazilian authors are predominantly from the areas of engineering and the environment; there are several studies investigating the substitution of natural aggregates for residues, mainly the substitution for residues of the civil construction itself; in Brazil, the most investigated residues to be used as raw material substitutes for the civil engineering industry are the residues of the civil engineering industry and the residues of agricultural products. The result of the review also identified the need for an improvement in the data and research tools of the databases used. The reasons are the probable data inconsistencies and flaws in the research tools found in the databases. With all these results, this work intends to provide basic information for researchers who intend to initiate research on the substitution of natural aggregates for waste, in addition to using them to continue the research project of replacing part of natural aggregates with electronic waste in the production of concrete. It also intends to show the importance of revision work for the improvement of data and database tools.
Differences in the on- and off-tumour microbiota between right- and left-sided colorectal cancer
Authors: Phipps Oliver , Quraishi Mohammed N , Dickson Edward A , Segal Jonathan , Steed Helen , Kumar Aditi , Acheson Austin G , Beggs Andrew D , Brookes Matthew J , Al-Hassi Hafid O 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective This study aims to determine the differences in the microbial profiles of the on- and off-tumour microbiota between patients with right- and left-sided colorectal cancer.Design Microbial profiling of on- and off-tumour biopsies from patients with right-sided (n=17) and left-sided (n=7) colorectal adenocarcinoma was performed using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Results Off-tumour alpha diversity is significantly greater in right-sided compared to left-sided colorectal cancer patients. However, no differences in on-tumour alpha diversity were observed between tumour locations. Off-tumour beta diversity showed distinctive bacterial community clusters between the right and left colon, while no significant differences in beta diversity were observed in the on-tumour microbiota. The off-tumour microbiota showed the right colon to be enriched with species of the Lachnoclostridium, Selenomonas and Ruminococcus genera, whereas the left colon is enriched with Epsilonbacteraeota phylum, Campylobacteria class, and Pasteurellales and Campylobacterales orders. In contrast the on-tumour microbiota showed relatively fewer differences in bacterial taxonomy between tumour sites, with left tumours being enriched with Methylophilaceae and Vadin BE97 families and Alloprevotella, Intestinibacter, Romboutsia and Ruminococcus 2 genera. Comparison of paired on- and off-tumour microbiotas showed that patients with left-sided colorectal cancer had large taxonomic differences between their on- and off-tumour microbiota, while patients with right-sided colorectal cancer showed relatively fewer taxonomic differences.Conclusion The off-tumour microbiota is more diverse in the right compared to the left colon, showing distinct community clusters and large differences in bacterial taxonomy. In contrast the on-tumour microbiota shows no difference in bacterial diversity and relatively fewer differences in bacterial taxonomy. Collectively this suggests that the right and left colon show distinctive bacterial communities, however, the presence of a colonic tumour leads to a more consistent microbiota between locations. Trial registration number clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01701310).