bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Earlier Antiquities of the District of Cromar, in Aberdeenshire
Authors: Stuart John 
Published: December 2021

John Stuart uses this article to inform the Society of several underground chambers discovered in Aberdeenshire. He begins by briefly describing the geographical features and legends associated with the area. He then moves on to discuss the underground tomb that was uncovered at Culsh, along with the standing stones located nearby. He also describes several similar tombs found in other parts of Aberdeenshire, including an account from Colonel Fraser of the tomb he excavated at Castle Fraser.

Meetings minutes for April 17, 1854 are appended.
A Robust Hierarchical MXene/Ni/Aluminosilicate Glass Composite for High‐Performance Microwave Absorption
Authors: Luo Wei , Wang Mengya , Wang Kangjing , Yan Peng , Huang Jilong , Gao Jie , Zhao Tao , Ding Qi , Qiu Pengpeng , Wang Haifeng , Lu Ping , Fan Yuchi , Jiang Wan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe 2D titanium carbide MXene with both extraordinary electromagnetic attenuation and elastic properties has shown great potential as the building block for constructing mechanically robust microwave absorbing composites (MACs). However, the weak thermal stability has inhibited the successful incorporation of MXene into the inorganic MACs matrix so far. Herein, an ultralow temperature sintering strategy to fabricate a hierarchical aluminosilicate glass composite is demonstrated by using EMT zeolite as starting powder, which can not only endow the composites with high sinterability, but also facilitate the alignment of MXene in the glass matrix. Accordingly, the highly oriented MXene and mesoporous structure can effectively reduce the conduction loss in the out‐of‐plane direction while maintaining its large polarization loss. Meanwhile, the in situ formed Ni nanoparticles via ion exchange serve as a synergistic modulator to further improve the attenuation capability and impedance matching of composite, resulting in a low reflection loss of −59.5 dB in X band and general values below −20 dB with a low fitting thickness from 4 to 18 GHz. More attractively, such a delicate structure also gives the composite a remarkable fracture strength and contact‐damage‐resistance, which qualifies the mesoporous glass composite as a structural MACs with a superior comprehensive performance.
Food insecurity among older adults in the U.S.: The role of mortgage borrowing
Authors: Loibl Cäzilia , Rhodes Alec P. , Moulton Stephanie , Haurin Donald , Edmunds Chrisse 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHousing wealth is the main source of wealth for many older adults. Using the Health and Retirement Study, we assess the impact of new mortgage borrowing on food insecurity among homeowners aged 65 and older. We find a substantial short‐term effect, with each additional $10,000 borrowed, lowering food insecurity by 2.2 percentage points. In a simulation of the impact of relaxing the debt‐to‐income borrowing constraint, food insecurity is reduced by 2.1 percentage points for previous nonborrowers and by 1.6 percentage points for borrowers. Results support the importance of access to mortgage borrowing to reduce material hardship in older age.
Work‐related injury burden, workers' compensation claim filing, and barriers: Results from a statewide survey of janitors
Authors: Anderson Naomi J. , Smith Caroline K. , Foley Michael P. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundJanitors are a low‐wage, ethnically and linguistically diverse, hard‐to‐reach population of workers with a high burden of occupational injury and illness.MethodsData from an extensive multimodal (mail, phone, web) survey of janitors in Washington State were analyzed to characterize their working conditions and occupational health experiences. The survey included questions on demographics, work organization and tasks, health and safety topics, and discrimination and harassment. The survey was administered in eight languages.ResultsThere were 620 complete interviews. The majority completed the survey by mail (62.6%), and in English (85.8%). More than half of responding janitors were female (56.9%), and the mean age was 45 years. Twenty percent reported having a (health‐care‐provider diagnosed) work‐related injury or illness (WRII) in the past twelve months. Women and janitors who were Latino had significantly higher relative risk of WRII. Increased risk was also associated with several work organization factors that may indicate poor working conditions, insufficient sleep, and possible depression. Half of injured janitors did not file workers' compensation (WC) claims.ConclusionsJanitors reported a high percentage of WRII, which exceeded previously published estimates from Washington State. Women and Latino janitors had significantly increased risk of WRII, and janitors' working conditions may influence the unequal distribution of risk. WRII surveillance via WC or medical care usage in janitors and other low‐wage occupations may reflect substantial underreporting. Characterizing the nature of janitors' work experience can help identify avenues for prevention, intervention, and policy changes to protect the health and safety of janitors.
A novel variant in the dystonin gene causing hereditary sensory autonomic neuropathy type VI in a male infant: Case report and literature review
Authors: Sakaria Rishika P. , Fonville Megan P. , Peravali Silpa , Zaveri Parul G. , Mroczkowski Henry J. , Caron Elena , Weems Mark F. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe DST gene is located on chromosome 6p and encodes for a large protein. Alternative splicing of this protein produces the neuronal (a1–a3), muscular (b1–b3), and epithelial (e) isoforms. Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy (HSAN) type VI is a rare autosomal recessive disorder due to mutations affecting the a2 isoform. We present a case of HSAN‐VI in a male neonate born to consanguineous parents. Genome sequencing revealed a novel homozygous variant (DST_c.1118C > T; p.Pro373Leu) inherited from both parents. This case further expands the phenotype and genotype of this rare syndrome.
Site‐Specific Conjugation of a Selenopolypeptide to Alpha‐1‐antitrypsin Enhances Oxidation Resistance and Pharmacological Properties
Authors: Dong Chao , Wu Guangqi , Chen Chen , Li Xia , Yuan Rui , Xu Liang , Guo Hui , Zhang Jay , Lu Hua , Wang Feng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHuman alpha‐1‐antitrypsin (A1AT), a native serine‐protease inhibitor that protects tissue damage from excessive protease activities, is used as an augmentation therapy to treat A1AT‐deficienct patients. However, A1AT is sensitive to oxidation‐mediated deactivation and has a short circulating half‐life. Currently, there is no method that can effectively protect therapeutic proteins from oxidative damage in vivo. Here we developed a novel biocompatible selenopolypeptide and site‐specifically conjugated it with A1AT. The conjugated A1AT fully retained its inhibitory activity on neutrophil elastase, enhanced oxidation resistance, extended the serum half‐life, and afforded long‐lasting protective efficacy in a mouse model of acute lung injury. These results demonstrated that conjugating A1AT with the designed selenopolymer is a viable strategy to improve its pharmacological properties, which could potentially further be applied to a variety of oxidation sensitive biotherapeutics.
Fabricating self‐stratifying coating for superhydrophobic cotton textile
Authors: Wu Jiming , Hu Zhenwen , Lu Wenguang , Yu Lei , Wei Hanyu , Yang Xiansong , Zhou Haijun , Wang Dongpeng , Li Weili , Yan Hui 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this paper, a type of superhydrophobic cotton textile was designed and prepared. Particularly, it was obtained by coating a type of acrylic‐silicone hybrid resin onto the cotton fabric. With self‐stratifying character, the cured coating can be formed into two layers, in which the acrylic component in the bottom layer enables polar bond or hydrogen bond linkage with cellulose molecules on the fiber surface, while the amino silicone oil resin on the surface layer acts as a functional part and adds new surface features to the cotton fabric. As a result, the coated cotton fabric displayed superhydrophobicity, with a water contact angle above 150° and a rolling angle less than 8°. The experimental findings indicated that the fabricated textile had adequate mechanical strength to withstand sandpaper abrasion for 20‐cycles abrasion by pressing a constant load of 500 g. Additionally, the modified textiles exhibited stable oil–water separation abilities, therefore showing multifunctional properties that have potential applications in many cotton textile surface treatments.
Conducting practice‐based research with a counsellor in private practice
Authors: Manthei Robert J. , Tuck Bryan F. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn New Zealand and elsewhere, the workloads and counselling impact of counsellors in private practice have been seldom researched despite them comprising a substantial proportion of practitioners.AimThis study sought to establish a profile of one self‐employed counsellor's caseload over several years, assess the impact of counselling using the Outcome Rating Scale (ORS) and provide an example of collaborative, practice‐based research (PBR).MethodA retrospective client review of client records included demographic information and ORS scores. Analyses identified the nature of any clinical change and its association with client demographics.ResultsThe average age of 720 clients was 41.5 years; 44% were male; and 71% were Pākehā versus 23% Māori. The average number of sessions was 2.4. For the 274 clients with first‐ and last‐session ORS scores, repeated ANOVAs revealed significant changes in ORS scores over time, irrespective of client characteristics and no significant interactions between any of the variables and gains over time. The effect size (0.9) was ‘large’, and Reliable Change Index indicators were comparable to overseas studies using adult subjects in public health settings.DiscussionThe counsellor's caseload profile was similar to an earlier one and the gain in clients’ ORS scores was comparable to those in several other countries and not associated with clients’ demographic data. There are several reasons for counsellors to collaborate with others in analyses of their practice. This research provides a useful example of such collaboration.
Therapist and counsellors’ experiences of working with asylum seekers in the context of asylum‐seeking processes in the UK
Authors: Partavian Avin , Kyriakopoulos Alex 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAlthough there is a plethora of research exploring the impact of working with trauma on therapists, limited attention has been paid to the impact of working with traumatised asylum seekers specifically. Furthermore, recent evidence shows that socio‐political factors and asylum‐seeking processes are acknowledged as major inhibitors of positive well‐being and therapeutic effectiveness in mental health practitioners working with this population. Despite this, there is very limited research focusing on the impacts and consequences of asylum legislative framework upon the therapeutic process. This study aimed to explore the impact of the UK asylum legislative framework upon the psychotherapeutic process and relationship. Nine psychotherapists and counsellors who worked with traumatised asylum seekers, with an average of eight years of experience, were interviewed. Transcripts were analysed by employing Braun and Clarke’s (2020) reflexive thematic analysis. Three major themes were identified related to the impact on therapeutic work: (a) Moving away from the traditional therapeutic frame, (b) adjustments to the therapeutic process, and (c) impact on the dynamics of the therapeutic relationship. The findings revealed that the UK asylum legislative framework penetrates all aspects of the psychotherapeutic process, including the therapeutic relationship because it may affect the power imbalance in the therapeutic dyad. Practice and policy implications are discussed.
Mental health symptoms, well‐being and experiences of the COVID‐19 pandemic: A mixed‐methods practice‐based study
Authors: Crabtree Sarah A. , Captari Laura E. , Hall Eugene L. , Sandage Steven J. , Jankowski Peter J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic necessitated abrupt and substantial changes in daily life, and public health strategies intended to protect physical health can negatively affect mental health and well‐being, especially for individuals with pre‐existing mental health challenges. For this study, we surveyed a sample of clients (N = 94) in the summer of 2020 from a community mental health clinic in the northeast United States. A mixed‐methods, concurrent triangulation design was used to (a) identify client subgroups on indicators of mental health (i.e. anxious and depressive symptoms) and emotional, psychological, and social well‐being using latent profile analysis (LPA), and (b) within these subgroups, examine qualitative, thematic patterns in self‐described challenges, benefits and learning related to the pandemic. The LPA revealed five distinct subgroups with various levels of symptoms and well‐being, including Stagnant (moderate symptoms/moderate well‐being), Languishing (high symptoms/low well‐being), Flourishing (low symptoms, high well‐being), Fortitudinous (high symptoms, moderate well‐being) and Mobilized (moderate symptoms, high well‐being). These divergent subgroups support the need to conceptualise mental health symptoms apart from well‐being and assess for heterogeneous constellations of such constructs among psychotherapy clients. Thematic analysis offered additional insight into pandemic experiences within each subgroup, including attention to psychological, emotional, behavioural/lifestyle, relational, physical and ecological/contextual dimensions of self‐experience, as well as the ways clients had adjusted to the pandemic's circumstances. Findings support nuanced conceptualisations of positive mental health and offer insight into coping and adaptation during this public health crisis.
Effect of Amino Acid Substitutions on 70S Ribosomal Binding, Cellular Uptake, and Antimicrobial Activity of Oncocin Onc112
Authors: Kolano Lisa , Knappe Daniel , Berg Angela , Berg Thorsten , Hoffmann Ralf 
Published: December 2021

AbstractProline‐rich antimicrobial peptides (PrAMPs) are promising candidates for the treatment of infections caused by high‐priority human pathogens. Their mode of action consists of (I) passive diffusion across the outer membrane, (II) active transport through the inner membrane, and (III) inhibition of protein biosynthesis by blocking the exit tunnel of the 70S ribosome. We tested whether in vitro data on ribosomal binding and bacterial uptake could predict the antibacterial activity of PrAMPs against Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive bacteria. Ribosomal binding and bacterial uptake rates were measured for 47 derivatives of PrAMP Onc112 and compared to the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of each peptide. Ribosomal binding was evaluated for ribosome extracts from four Gram‐negative bacteria. Bacterial uptake was assessed by quantifying each peptide in the supernatants of bacterial cultures. Oncocin analogues with a higher net positive charge appeared to be more active, although their ribosome binding and uptake rates were not necessarily better than for Onc112. The data suggest a complex mode of action influenced by further factors improving or reducing the antibacterial activity, including diffusion through membranes, transport mechanism, secondary targets, off‐target binding, intracellular distribution, and membrane effects. Relying only on in vitro binding and uptake data may not be sufficient for the rational development of more active analogues.
Three‐dimensional critical care transesophageal echocardiography: A bedside tool in the diagnosis and management of shock
Authors: Higny Julien , Forêt Frédéric , Laterre Pierre‐François 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCritical care echocardiography has become fundamental in diagnosis, management, and monitoring of patients in shock. Transesophageal echocardiography has gained importance, particularly in critically ill patients under mechanical ventilation. We describe echocardiographic findings concerning a patient admitted with confusion, pulmonary edema, hypotension, and systolic murmur at apex.
The High‐Temperature Acidity Paradox of Oxidized Carbon: An in situ DRIFTS Study
Authors: Herold Felix , Oefner Niklas , Zakgeym Dina , Drochner Alfons , Qi Wei , Etzold Bastian J. M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractUntil now, oxygen functionalized carbon materials were not considered to exhibit significant acidity at high temperatures, since carboxylic acids, the most prominent acidic functionality, are prone to decarboxylation at temperatures exceeding 250 °C. Paradoxically, we could show that oxidized carbon materials can act as highly active high‐temperature solid acid catalysts in the dehydration of methanol at 300 °C, showing an attractive selectivity to dimethyl ether (DME) of up to 92 % at a conversion of 47 %. Building on a tailor‐made carbon model material, we developed a strategy to utilize in situ DRIFT spectroscopy for the analysis of carbon surface species under process conditions, which until now proofed to be highly challenging due to the high intrinsic absorbance of carbon. By correlating the catalytic behavior with a comprehensive in situ DRIFTS study and extensive post mortem analysis we could attribute the high‐temperature acidity of oxidized carbons to the interaction of thermally stable carboxylic anhydrides and lactones with nucleophilic constituents of the reaction atmosphere e. g. methanol and H2O. Dynamic equilibria of surface oxides depending on reaction atmosphere and temperature were observed, and a methyl ester, formed by methanolysis of anhydrides and lactones, was identified as key intermediate for DME generation on oxidized carbon catalysts.
(Noble Gas)n‐NC+ Molecular Ions in Noble Gas Matrices: Matrix Infrared Spectra and Electronic Structure Calculations
Authors: Tsegaw Yetsedaw A. , Li Hongmin , Andrews Lester , Cho Han‐Gook , Voßnacker Patrick , Beckers Helmut , Riedel Sebastian 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAn investigation of pulsed‐laser‐ablated Zn, Cd and Hg metal atom reactions with HCN under excess argon during co‐deposition with laser‐ablated Hg atoms from a dental amalgam target also provided Hg emissions capable of photoionization of the CN photo‐dissociation product. A new band at 1933.4 cm−1 in the region of the CN and CN+ gas‐phase fundamental absorptions that appeared upon annealing the matrix to 20 K after sample deposition, and disappeared upon UV photolysis is assigned to (Ar)nCN+, our key finding. It is not possible to determine the n coefficient exactly, but structure calculations suggest that one, two, three or four argon atoms can solvate the CN+ cation in an argon matrix with C−N absorptions calculated (B3LYP) to be between 2317.2 and 2319.8 cm−1. Similar bands were observed in solid krypton at 1920.5, in solid xenon at 1935.4 and in solid neon at 1947.8 cm−1. H13CN reagent gave an 1892.3 absorption with shift instead, and a 12/13 isotopic frequency ratio–nearly the same as found for 13CN+ itself in the gas phase and in the argon matrix. The CN+ molecular ion serves as a useful infrared probe to examine Ng clusters. The following ion reactions are believed to occur here: the first step upon sample deposition is assisted by a focused pulsed YAG laser, and the second step occurs on sample annealing: (Ar)2++CN→Ar+CN+→(Ar)nCN+.
Selective Para‐C−H Alkynylation of Aniline Derivatives by Pd/S,O‐Ligand Catalysis
Authors: Deng Ke‐Zuan , Jia Wen‐Liang , Ángeles Fernández‐Ibáñez M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHerein, we report a nondirected para‐selective C−H alkynylation of aniline derivatives by a Pd/S,O‐ligand‐based catalyst. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions and is compatible with a variety of substituted anilines. The scalability and further derivatizations of the alkynylated products have been also demonstrated.
ProPhenol Derived Ligands to Simultaneously Coordinate a Main‐Group Metal and a Transition Metal: Application to a Zn−Cu Catalyzed Reaction
Authors: Trost Barry M. , Zhang Guoting , Xu Minghao , Qi Xiaotian 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA new bifunctional ligand bearing chiral N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) and prolinol moieties is presented. Utilizing the designed ligand, an in situ formed Cu/Zn hetero‐bimetallic complex unlocks the asymmetric allylic alkylation reactions of allyl phosphates with zinc keto‐homoenolates, leading to the formation of various γ‐vinyl ketones with good regio‐ and enantio‐selectivity. DF sT calculation supports that the chelation of allyl phosphates with catalyst promotes the SN2’ addition and the ligand‐substrate steric interactions account for the stereoselective outcome.
Omalizumab for successful chemotherapy desensitisation: What we know so far
Authors: Bumbacea Roxana Silvia , Ali Selda , Corcea Sabina Loredana , Spiru Luiza , Nitipir Cornelia , Strambu Victor , Bumbacea Dragos 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundHypersensitivity reactions induced by chemotherapeutic drugs may influence the course of the oncologic disease by preventing doctors from prescribing first‐line therapy. In order to prevent another hypersensitivity reaction to the culprit chemotherapeutic agent, the physician can decide between two possibilities: premedication or desensitisation protocols. Rapid drug desensitisation showed successful results for most patients, but some of them may develop symptoms. Although omalizumab is not licensed as premedication or adjuvant therapy in chemotherapy desensitisation protocols, there have been published some case reports and small sample size studies that indicated promising results.MethodsWe reviewed all the published literature regarding the use of omalizumab during chemotherapy desensitisation protocols.Results and conclusionsWe found a great heterogeneity between the doses and the interval between omalizumab injections and chemotherapy ‐ rapid drug desensitisation, but most of the studies showed promising results. As a corollary, we propose a dose regimen of omalizumab administered before the first desensitisation protocol. Then, omalizumab should be administered one day before every chemotherapy regimen. Omalizumab might be used as an adjuvant therapy and might be a solution for a hopeless situation.