bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between serum lactate level during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and survival in adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a multicenter cohort study
Authors: Nishioka Norihiro , Kobayashi Daisuke , Izawa Junichi , Irisawa Taro , Yamada Tomoki , Yoshiya Kazuhisa , Park Changhwi , Nishimura Tetsuro , Ishibe Takuya , Yagi Yoshiki , Kiguchi Takeyuki , Kishimoto Masafumi , Inoue Toshiya , Hayashi Yasuyuki , Sogabe Taku , Morooka Takaya , Sakamoto Haruko , Suzuki Keitaro , Nakamura Fumiko , Matsuyama Tasuku , Okada Yohei , Matsui Satoshi , Hirayama Atsushi , Yoshimura Satoshi , Kimata Shunsuke , Shimazu Takeshi , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Kawamura Takashi , Iwami Taku ,   the CRITICAL Study Group Investigators, Nishioka Norihiro , Kobayashi Daisuke , Izawa Junichi , Irisawa Taro , Yamada Tomoki , Yoshiya Kazuhisa , Park Changhwi , Nishimura Tetsuro , Ishibe Takuya , Yagi Yoshiki , Kiguchi Takeyuki , Kishimoto Masafumi , Inoue Toshiya , Hayashi Yasuyuki , Sogabe Taku , Morooka Takaya , Sakamoto Haruko , Suzuki Keitaro , Nakamura Fumiko , Matsuyama Tasuku , Okada Yohei , Matsui Satoshi , Hirayama Atsushi , Yoshimura Satoshi , Kimata Shunsuke , Shimazu Takeshi , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Kawamura Takashi , Iwami Taku 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe aimed to investigate the association between serum lactate levels during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and survival in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). From the database of a multicenter registry on OHCA patients, we included adult nontraumatic OHCA patients transported to the hospital with ongoing CPR. Based on the serum lactate levels during CPR, the patients were divided into four quartiles: Q1 (≤ 10.6 mEq/L), Q2 (10.6–14.1 mEq/L), Q3 (14.1–18.0 mEq/L), and Q4 (> 18.0 mEq/L). The primary outcome was 1-month survival. Among 5226 eligible patients, the Q1 group had the highest 1-month survival (5.6% [74/1311]), followed by Q2 (3.6% [47/1316]), Q3 (1.7% [22/1292]), and Q4 (1.0% [13/1307]) groups. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, the adjusted odds ratio of Q4 compared with Q1 for 1-month survival was 0.24 (95% CI 0.13–0.46). 1-month survival decreased in a stepwise manner as the quartiles increased (p for trend < 0.001). In subgroup analysis, there was an interaction between initial rhythm and survival (p for interaction < 0.001); 1-month survival of patients with a non-shockable rhythm decreased when the lactate levels increased (p for trend < 0.001), but not in patients with a shockable rhythm (p for trend = 0.72). In conclusion, high serum lactate level during CPR was associated with poor 1-month survival in OHCA patients, especially in patients with non-shockable rhythm.
Correlation between short-time and whole-night obstruction level tests for patients with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Kim Jeong-Whun , Ahn Jae-Cheul , Choi Young-Seok , Rhee Chae-Seo , Jung Hahn Jin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIdentification of obstructive level is crucial for successful surgical outcomes in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Unfortunately, most of the dynamic airway evaluations are performed for a short duration under drug-induced sleep; therefore, it is uncertain whether they represent airway events that occur during a whole night of sleep. This study was aimed to evaluate the correlation between obstructive levels that were identified by a short-time and a whole-night test in patients with OSA. Total 101 patients with OSA underwent drug-induced sleep fluoroscopy (DISF) and pressure manometry (PM). For DISF, the obstructive pattern was classified into one of three groups: soft palate, tongue-based, and a combined obstruction. PM was used to measure the proportion of retroglossal events out of total whole-night obstructive events in each patient. The mean age of the patients was 43.8 years. The obstructive pattern was identified as soft palate in 56 patients, combined in 38 patients, and tongue-based in 7 patients following DISF. Results from PM showed that the mean percentage of retroglossal obstructive events was 31.2 ± 30.7%. The average proportion of retroglossal obstructive events that were identified by PM in patients with soft palate, combined, and tongue-based obstruction was 27.2%, 32.1%, and 59.0%, respectively (p = 0.033). There are limitations of evaluating obstructive events that occur during a whole night with short-time tests. Surgeons should be aware the possibility of disagreement in the obstructive level between short-time and whole-night tests.
Musculoskeletal anatomy: evaluation and comparison of common teaching and learning modalities
Authors: Zibis Aristeidis , Mitrousias Vasileios , Varitimidis Sokratis , Raoulis Vasileios , Fyllos Apostolos , Arvanitis Dimitrios 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAnatomy teaching has traditionally been based on dissection. However, alternative teaching modalities constantly emerge, the use of which along with a decrease in teaching hours has brought the anatomy knowledge of students and young doctors into question. In this way, the goal of the present study is to a. compare the efficacy of the most common teaching modalities and b. investigate students’ perceptions on each modality. In total, 313 medical students were taught gross anatomy of the upper limb, using four different learning modalities: dissection (n = 80), prosections (n = 77), plastic models (n = 84) and 3D anatomy software (n = 72). Students’ knowledge was examined by 100 multiple-choice and tag questions followed by an evaluation questionnaire. Regarding performance, the dissection and the 3D group outperformed the prosection and the plastic models group in total and multiple-choice questions. The performance of the 3D group in tag questions was also statistically significantly higher compared to the other three groups. In the evaluation questionnaire, dissection outperformed the rest three modalities in questions assessing students’ satisfaction, but also fear or stress before the laboratory. Moreover, dissection and 3D software were considered more useful when preparing for clinical activities. In conclusion, dissection remains first in students’ preferences and achieves higher knowledge acquisition. Contemporary, 3D anatomy software are considered equally important when preparing for clinical activities and mainly favor spatial knowledge acquisition. Prosections could be a valuable alternative when dissection is unavailable due to limited time or shortage of cadavers. Plastic models are less effective in knowledge acquisition but could be valuable when preparing for cadaveric laboratories. In conclusion, the targeted use of each learning modality is essential for a modern medical curriculum.
A double-blind randomized clinical trial of high frequency rTMS over the DLPFC on nicotine dependence, anxiety and depression
Authors: Abdelrahman Ahmed A. , Noaman Mostafa , Fawzy Mohamed , Moheb Amira , Karim Ahmed A. , Khedr Eman M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHigh frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (L-DLPFC) is a widely applied treatment protocol for chronic smoking and major depressive disorder. However, no previous study has measured the effects of rTMS on both nicotine consumption and anxiety/depression in the same volunteers despite the relationship between them. The aim of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of 10 daily sessions of HF-rTMS over the L-DLPFC in chronic cigarette smokers’ addiction and investigate the possible beneficial effects of this treatment procedure on symptoms of depression and anxiety in the same subjects. The study included 40 treatment-seeking nicotine-dependent cigarette smokers. Onset/duration of smoking, number of cigarettes/day, Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence (FTND), Tobacco Craving Questionnaire-Short Form (TCQ-SF), Hamilton depression and anxiety scales (HAM-D and HAM-A) were recorded. Participants were randomly assigned to the active or the sham treatment group. Those in the active group received 10 trains of 20 Hz stimulation, at 80% of the resting motor threshold (rMT) for 10 consecutive working days over L-DLPFC. Participants were reassessed immediately after treatment, and then 3 months later using all rating scales. There were no differences between active and sham groups at baseline. The cigarette consumption/day, and scores on FTND, and TCQ decreased significantly in both groups (p = 0.0001 for each) immediately after treatment. However, improvement persisted to 3 months in the active group but not in the sham group. Moreover, there was a significant reduction in HAM-D and HAM-A scores immediately after treatment in the active but not the sham group. Subjects with a longer history of smoking had a lower percent improvement in FTND (p = 0.005). Our findings revealed that HF-rTMS over L-DLPCF for 10 days reduced cigarette consumption, craving, dependence, and improved associated symptoms of anxiety and depression.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03264755 registered at 29/08/2017.
MLIP genotype as a predictor of pharmacological response in primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension
Authors: Canut María I. , Villa Olaya , Kudsieh Bachar , Mattlin Heidi , Banchs Isabel , González Juan R. , Armengol Lluís , Casaroli-Marano Ricardo P. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPredicting the therapeutic response to ocular hypotensive drugs is crucial for the clinical treatment and management of glaucoma. Our aim was to identify a possible genetic contribution to the response to current pharmacological treatments of choice in a white Mediterranean population with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) or ocular hypertension (OH). We conducted a prospective, controlled, randomized, partial crossover study that included 151 patients of both genders, aged 18 years and older, diagnosed with and requiring pharmacological treatment for POAG or OH in one or both eyes. We sought to identify copy number variants (CNVs) associated with differences in pharmacological response, using a DNA pooling strategy of carefully phenotyped treatment responders and non-responders, treated for a minimum of 6 weeks with a beta-blocker (timolol maleate) and/or prostaglandin analog (latanoprost). Diurnal intraocular pressure reduction and comparative genome wide CNVs were analyzed. Our finding that copy number alleles of an intronic portion of the MLIP gene is a predictor of pharmacological response to beta blockers and prostaglandin analogs could be used as a biomarker to guide first-tier POAG and OH treatment. Our finding improves understanding of the genetic factors modulating pharmacological response in POAG and OH, and represents an important contribution to the establishment of a personalized approach to the treatment of glaucoma.
Mechanism for epeirogenic uplift of the Archean Dharwar craton, southern India as evidenced by orthogonal seismic reflection profiles
Authors: Mandal Biswajit , Vijaya Rao V. , Karuppannan P. , Laxminarayana K. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPlateaus, located far away from the plate boundaries, play an important role in understanding the deep-rooted geological processes responsible for the epeirogenic uplift and dynamics of the plate interior. The Karnataka plateau located in the Dharwar craton, southern India, is a classic example for the plateau uplift. It is explored using orthogonal deep crustal seismic reflection studies, and a mechanism for the epeirogenic uplift is suggested. A pseudo three-dimensional crustal structure derived from these studies suggests a regionally extensive 10 km thick magmatic underplating in the region. It is further constrained from active-source refraction and passive-source seismological data. We interpret the Marion and Reunion mantle plume activities during 88 Ma and 65 Ma on the western part of Dharwar craton are responsible for the magmatic underplating, which caused epeirogenic uplift. Flexural isostasy related to the onshore denudational unloading and offshore sediment loading is also responsible for the persisting uplift in the region. Plate boundary forces are found to be contributing to the plateau uplift. The present study provides a relationship between the mantle plumes, rifting, development of continental margins, plateau uplift, and denudational isostasy. Combination of exogenic and endogenic processes are responsible for the plateau uplift in the region.
Structural variability and differentiation of niches in the rhizosphere and endosphere bacterial microbiome of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis)
Authors: Yuan Zong-Sheng , Liu Fang , Liu Zhen-Yu , Huang Qiu-Liang , Zhang Guo-Fang , Pan Hui 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe plant microbiota play a key role in plant productivity, nutrient uptake, resistance to stress and flowering. The flowering of moso bamboo has been a focus of study. The mechanism of flowering is related to nutrient uptake, temperature, hormone balance and regulation of key genes. However, the connection between microbiota of moso bamboo and its flowering is unknown. In this study, samples of rhizosphere soil, rhizomes, roots and leaves of flowering and nonflowering plants were collected, and 16S rRNA amplicon Illumina sequencing was utilized to separate the bacterial communities associated with different flowering stages of moso bamboo. We identified 5442 OTUs, and the number of rhizosphere soil OTUs was much higher than those of other samples. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering (Bray Curtis dis) analysis revealed that the bacterial microorganisms related to rhizosphere soil and endophytic tissues of moso bamboo differed significantly from those in bulk soil and rhizobacterial and endosphere microbiomes. In addition, the PCA analyses of root and rhizosphere soil revealed different structures of microbial communities between bamboo that is flowering and not flowering. Through the analysis of core microorganisms, it was found that Flavobacterium, Bacillus and Stenotrophomonas played an important role in the absorption of N elements, which may affect the flowering time of moso bamboo. Our results delineate the complex host-microbe interactions of this plant. We also discuss the potential influence of bacterial microbiome in flowering, which can provide a basis for the development and utilization of moso bamboo.
Comprehensive computational target fishing approach to identify Xanthorrhizol putative targets
Authors: Shahid Muhammad , Azfaralariff Ahmad , Law Douglas , Najm Ahmed Abdulkareem , Sanusi Siti Aisyah , Lim Seng Joe , Cheah Yew Hoong , Fazry Shazrul 
Published: January 2021

AbstractXanthorrhizol (XNT), is a bioactive compound found inCurcuma xanthorrhizaRoxb. This study aimed to determine the potential targets of the XNT via computational target fishing method. This compound obeyed Lipinski’s and Veber’s rules where it has a molecular weight (MW) of 218.37 gmol-1, TPSA of 20.23, rotatable bonds (RBN) of 4, hydrogen acceptor and donor ability is 1 respectively. Besides, it also has half-life (HL) values 3.5 h, drug-likeness (DL) value of 0.07, oral bioavailability (OB) of 32.10, and blood–brain barrier permeability (BBB) value of 1.64 indicating its potential as therapeutic drug. Further, 20 potential targets were screened out through PharmMapper and DRAR-CPI servers. Co-expression results derived from GeneMANIA revealed that these targets made connection with a total of 40 genes and have 744 different links. Four genes which were RXRA, RBP4, HSD11B1 and AKR1C1 showed remarkable co-expression and predominantly involved in steroid metabolic process. Furthermore, among these 20 genes, 13 highly expressed genes associated with xenobiotics by cytochrome P450, chemical carcinogenesis and steroid metabolic pathways were identified through gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analysis. In conclusion, XNT is targeting multiple proteins and pathways which may be exploited to shape a network that exerts systematic pharmacological effects.
Sarcolipin alters SERCA1a interdomain communication by impairing binding of both calcium and ATP
Authors: Montigny Cédric , Huang Dong Liang , Beswick Veronica , Barbot Thomas , Jaxel Christine , le Maire Marc , Zheng Ji-Shen , Jamin Nadège 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSarcolipin (SLN), a single-spanning membrane protein, is a regulator of the sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA1a). Chemically synthesized SLN, palmitoylated or not (pSLN or SLN), and recombinant wild-type rabbit SERCA1a expressed in S. cerevisiae design experimental conditions that provide a deeper understanding of the functional role of SLN on the regulation of SERCA1a. Our data show that chemically synthesized SLN interacts with recombinant SERCA1a, with calcium-deprived E2 state as well as with calcium-bound E1 state. This interaction hampers the binding of calcium in agreement with published data. Unexpectedly, SLN has also an allosteric effect on SERCA1a transport activity by impairing the binding of ATP. Our results reveal that SLN significantly slows down the E2 to Ca2.E1 transition of SERCA1a while it affects neither phosphorylation nor dephosphorylation. Comparison with chemically synthesized SLN deprived of acylation demonstrates that palmitoylation is not necessary for either inhibition or association with SERCA1a. However, it has a small but statistically significant effect on SERCA1a phosphorylation when various ratios of SLN-SERCA1a or pSLN-SERCA1a are tested.
Prominent luminescence of silicon-vacancy defects created in bulk silicon carbide p–n junction diodes
Authors: Nagasawa Fumiya , Takamura Makoto , Sekiguchi Hiroshi , Miyamae Yoshinori , Oku Yoshiaki , Nakahara Ken 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe investigate fluorescent defect centers in 4H silicon carbide p–n junction diodes fabricated via aluminum-ion implantation into an n-type bulk substrate without the use of an epitaxial growth process. At room temperature, electron-irradiated p–n junction diodes exhibit electroluminescence originating from silicon-vacancy defects. For a diode exposed to an electron dose of $$1 \times 10^{18}\,{{\mathrm{cm}}}^{-2}$$

1
×

10
18

cm

-
2

at $$800\,{{\mathrm{keV}}}$$

800

keV

, the electroluminescence intensity of these defects is most prominent within a wavelength range of 400–$$1100\,{{\mathrm{nm}}}$$

1100

nm

. The commonly observed $${{\mathrm{D}}}_1$$

D
1

emission was sufficiently suppressed in the electroluminescence spectra of all the fabricated diodes, while it was detected in the photoluminescence measurements. The photoluminescence spectra also displayed emission lines from silicon-vacancy defects.
Multisensory integration involved in the body perception of community-dwelling older adults
Authors: Hide M. , Ito Y. , Kuroda N. , Kanda M. , Teramoto W. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis study investigates how the multisensory integration in body perception changes with increasing age, and whether it is associated with older adults’ risk of falling. For this, the rubber hand illusion (RHI) and rubber foot illusion (RFI) were used. Twenty-eight community-dwelling older adults and 25 university students were recruited. They viewed a rubber hand or foot that was stimulated in synchrony or asynchrony with their own hidden hand or foot. The illusion was assessed by using a questionnaire, and measuring the proprioceptive drift and latency. The Timed Up and Go Test was used to classify the older adults into lower and higher fall-risk groups. No difference was observed in the RHI between the younger and older adults. However, several differences were observed in the RFI. Specifically, the older adults with a lower fall-risk hardly experienced the illusion, whereas those with a higher fall-risk experienced it with a shorter latency and no weaker than the younger adults. These results suggest that in older adults, the mechanism of multisensory integration for constructing body perception can change depending on the stimulated body parts, and that the risk of falling is associated with multisensory integration.
Semiconducting polymer nanoparticles for photothermal ablation of colorectal cancer organoids
Authors: McCarthy Bryce , Cudykier Amit , Singh Ravi , Levi-Polyachenko Nicole , Soker Shay 
Published: January 2021

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) treatment is currently hindered by micrometastatic relapse that cannot be removed completely during surgery and is often chemotherapy resistant. Targeted theranostic nanoparticles (NPs) that can produce heat for ablation and enable tumor visualization via their fluorescence offer advantages for detection and treatment of disseminated small nodules. A major hurdle in clinical translation of nanoparticles is their interaction with the 3D tumor microenvironment. To address this problem tumor organoid technology was used to evaluate the ablative potential of CD44-targeted polymer nanoparticles using hyaluronic acid (HA) as the targeting agent and coating it onto hybrid donor acceptor polymer particles (HDAPPs) to form HA-HDAPPs. Additionally, nanoparticles composed from only the photothermal polymer, poly[4,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-cyclopenta[2,1-b;3,4-b’]dithiophene-2,6-diyl-alt-2,1,3-benzoselenadiazole-4,7-diyl] (PCPDTBSe), were also coated with HA, to form HA-BSe NPs, and evaluated in 3D. Monitoring of nanoparticle transport in 3D organoids revealed uniform diffusion of non-targeted HDAPPs in comparison to attenuated diffusion of HA-HDAPPs due to nanoparticle-matrix interactions. Computational diffusion profiles suggested that HA-HDAPPs transport may not be accounted for by diffusion alone, which is indicative of nanoparticle/cell matrix interactions. Photothermal activation revealed that only HA-BSe NPs were able to significantly reduce tumor cell viability in the organoids. Despite limited transport of the CD44-targeted theranostic nanoparticles, their targeted retention provides increased heat for enhanced photothermal ablation in 3D, which is beneficial for assessing nanoparticle therapies prior to in vivo testing.
Double twist torsion testing to determine the non recrystallization temperature
Authors: Ballard Trevor J. , Speer John G. , Findley Kip O. , De Moor Emmanuel 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA double-twist torsion testing technique has been developed using a 316 stainless steel as an exemplar material to experimentally assess recrystallization behavior and determine the non-recrystallization temperature (Tnr). This new method was compared to the traditional methods of double-hit compression and multi-step hot torsion testing. The double-twist torsion test allows Tnrto be related to the extent of austenite recrystallization through measurements of fractional softening while accommodating multiple deformation and recrystallization steps with a single specimen. The double-twist torsion test resulted in average Tnrvalues similar to those determined with multi-step hot torsion, and a partially recrystallized microstructure was observed in the vicinity of the calculated Tnrfor all three methods. The ability of the double-twist torsion test to relate the experimental Tnrto the evolution of austenite recrystallization via fractional softening measurements while incorporating effects of multiple deformation steps offers an advantage over traditional methods for quantifying changes in austenite recrystallization during thermomechanical processing.