bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanotexture Shape and Surface Energy Impact on Electroadhesive Human–Machine Interface Performance
Authors: Li Xinyi , Ma Yuan , Choi Changhyun , Ma Xuezhi , Chatterjee Sitangshu , Lan Shoufeng , Hipwell M. Cynthia 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWith the ubiquity of touch screens and the commercialization of electroadhesion‐based surface haptic devices, modeling tools that capture the multiphysical phenomena within the finger–device interface and their interaction are critical to design devices that achieve higher performance and reliability at lower cost. While electroadhesion has successfully demonstrated the capability to change tactile perception through friction modulation, the mechanism of electroadhesion in the finger–device interface is still unclear, partly due to the complex interfacial physics including contact deformation, capillary formation, electric field, and their complicated coupling effects that have not been addressed comprehensively. A multiphysics model is presented here to predict the friction force for finger–surface tactile interactions at the nanoscale. The nanoscopic multiphysical phenomena are coupled to study the impacts of nanotexture and surface energy in the touch interface. With macroscopic friction force measurements as verification, the model is further used to propose textures that have maximum electroadhesion effect and minimum sensitivity to relative humidity and user perspiration rate. This model can guide the performance improvement of future electroadhesion‐based surface haptic devices and other touch‐based human–machine interfaces.
High Thermal Conductivity in Multiphase Liquid Metal and Silicon Carbide Soft Composites
Authors: Kong Wilson , Wang Zhongyong , Casey Nathan , Korah Mani M. , Uppal Aastha , Green Matthew D. , Rykaczewski Konrad , Wang Robert Y. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThermal interface materials based on room temperature liquid metals (LMs) are promising candidates for improving thermal management of flexible electronics, microelectronics packaging, and energy storage devices. However, use of these materials is limited by their corrosivity and reactivity. Here, the fabrication and thermal characterization of multiphase soft composites consisting of LM and non‐reactive silicon carbide (SiC) particles that are either uncoated or Ag‐coated (Ag‐SiC) are demonstrated. The LM‐SiC (and LM‐Ag‐SiC) mixtures show thermal conductivities approaching 50 W m–1 K–1 at 40 vol% particles. Corrosion issues with aluminum‐based components are addressed through a multiphase composite consisting of hybrid LM‐Ag‐SiC fillers in a silicone oil matrix. This composite achieves an effective thermal conductivity of 9.9 W m–1 K–1 with a particle:LM:oil volumetric ratio of 30:20:50 (or intrinsic thermal conductivity of 17 W m–1 K–1 when accounting for contact resistance). It is shown that the Ag‐coating plays a critical role in these oil‐based composites by preventing LM de‐wetting during blending. Upon mechanical compression, the LM thermally‐bridges the solid fillers together within the oil matrix and thereby improves thermal performance. This insight into processing of LM‐based materials opens additional avenues for designing thermally conductive soft composites.
Nanostructured Zirconium‐Oxide Bioceramic Coatings Derived from the Anodized Al/Zr Metal Layers
Authors: Fohlerova Zdenka , Kamnev Kirill , Sepúlveda Marcela , Pytlicek Zdenek , Prasek Jan , Mozalev Alexander 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHere, zirconium‐oxide ceramic coatings comprising arrays of 3D nanostructures are electrochemically synthesized, ranging in shape, size, spacing, and population density, termed as the nanomounds (ø≈65 nm), nanopillars (ø≈130 nm), and nanostumps (ø≈220 nm). The nanostructured coatings, alongside a flat ZrO2 anodic film, are explored as a potential biomaterial in experiments with Saos‐2 cells. All coatings reveal no cytotoxicity to living cells. The population density and spreading area of the cells, being the largest on the flat film, slightly decrease with increasing nanostructure dimensions. The cells progressively proliferate on all the surfaces, the nanomounds and, especially, nanopillars promoting the best viabilities and proliferation rates. The flat, nanomound, and nanopillar coatings promote the well‐defined organizations of actin filaments across the entire cell bodies with no disruption in the cytoskeletal network and the mature large dash‐shaped focal adhesions. The highest activity of alkaline phosphatase and the biggest deposition of a mineralization‐competent extracellular matrix occur on the nanopillar array, the other nanostructures showing a better result than the flat coating, though. The differences, paradoxes, and regularities in the cell responses are explained through the detailed consideration of the coating morphologies, surface chemistries, and processes at the cell/surface interfaces.
Multicolor Carbon Dots Prepared by Single‐Factor Control of Graphitization and Surface Oxidation for High‐Quality White Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Zheng Yuxin , Arkin Kamile , Hao Jiawei , Zhang Siyi , Guan Wei , Wang Lingling , Guo Yingna , Shang Qingkun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn a reaction system of asparagine and p‐phenylenediamine, blue, green, orange, and red carbon dots (CDs) are successfully prepared by adjusting the ratio of the two reactants. The obtained multicolor CDs have excellent stable properties and high fluorescence quantum yields (up to 74%). Clarifying the luminescence mechanism of multicolor CDs is based on the investigation of the composition, structure, and fluorescence properties of the CDs combined with quantum chemistry calculations. A high‐quality white light‐emitting diode (LED) with CIE color coordinates (0.33, 0.33) is successfully fabricated using a multicolor CD‐epoxy resin composite, and its color temperature and color rendering index are 5612 K and 94, respectively. It is of great significance to prepare multicolor CDs with high fluorescence quantum yields by single‐factor control. Using multicolor CDs to fabricate standard white LEDs close to sunlight will significantly increase the practical application value of CDs.
Tailored Disorder in Photonics: Learning from Nature
Authors: Rothammer Maximilian , Zollfrank Cordt , Busch Kurt , von Freymann Georg 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDisorder and photonics have long been seen as natural adversaries and designers of optical systems have often driven systems to perfection by minimizing deviations from the ideal design. Especially in the field of photonic crystals and metamaterials but also for optical circuits, disorder has been avoided as a nuisance for many years. However, starting from the very robust structural colors found in nature, scientists learn to analyze and tailor disorder to achieve functionalities beyond what is possible with perfectly ordered or ideal systems alone. This review article covers theoretical and materials aspects of tailored disorder as well as experimental results. Furthermore selected examples are highlighted in greater detail, for which the intentional use of disorder adds additional functionality or provides novel functionality impossible without disorder.
Gold‐Catalyzed Carbocyclization/C=N Bond Formation Cascade of Alkyne‐Tethered Diazo Compounds with Benzo[c]isoxazoles for the Assembly of 4‐Iminonaphthalenones and Indenes
Authors: Bao Ming , Xie Xiongda , Hu Wenhao , Xu Xinfang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA gold‐catalyzed carbocyclization/C=N bond formation cascade reaction has been developed for the synthesis of polyfunctionalized 4‐iminonaphthalenones and indenes in good to high yields under mild reaction conditions. The reaction goes through 5/6‐endo‐dig diazo‐yne carbocyclization to form the endocyclic vinyl carbene species from corresponding alkyne‐tethered diazo compounds, followed by electrophilic addition/N−O bond cleavage/aromatization sequence with benzo[c]isoxazoles, which features a C=N bond formation process. In addition, the resulting products could be converted into multi‐substituted 2‐naphthol derivatives in high yields.magnified image
Macrodrop‐Impact‐Mediated Fluid Microdispensing
Authors: Lin Shiji , Wang Dehui , Zhang Lijuan , Jin Yakang , Li Zhigang , Bonaccurso Elmar , You Zili , Deng Xu , Chen Longquan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHigh‐resolution fluid dispensing techniques play a critical role in modern digital microfluidics, micro‐biosensing, and advanced fabrication. Though most of existing dispensers can achieve precise and high‐throughput fluid dispensing, they suffer from some inherent problems, such as specially fabricated dispensing micronozzles/microtips, large operating systems, low volume tunability, and poor performance for low surface tension liquids and liquids containing solid/liquid additives. Herein, the authors propose a facile, low‐frequency micro dispensing technique based on the Rayleigh–Plateau instability of singular liquid jets, which are stimulated by the air cavity collapse arising in the impact of microliter drops on non‐wetting surfaces. This novel dispensing strategy is capable to produce single microdrops of low‐viscosity liquids with a tunable volume from picoliters to nanoliters, and the operational surface tension range covers most laboratory solvents. The dispensing function is implemented without using small‐dimension nozzles/tips and enables handling diverse complex liquids. Moreover, the rather simple operating platform allows the integration of the whole dispensing function into a handy portable device with a low cost. Employing this microdispensing technique, the authors have controlled microchemical reactions, handled liquid samples in biological analysis, and fabricated smart materials and devices. The authors envision that this rational microdrop generator would find applications in various research areas.
Accelerated Polysulfide Redox in Binder‐Free Li2S Cathodes Promises High‐Energy‐Density Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Fan Qining , Jiang Jicheng , Zhang Shilin , Zhou Tengfei , Pang Wei Kong , Gu Qinfen , Liu Huakun , Guo Zaiping , Wang Jiazhao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractChallenges from the insulating S and Li2S2/Li2S (Li2S1–2) discharge products are restricting the development of the high‐energy‐density Li–S battery system. The deposition of insulating Li2S1–2 on the surfaces of S based cathodes (e.g., S and Li2S) limits the reaction kinetics, leading to inferior electrochemical performance. In this work, the impact of binders on the deposition of Li2S1–2 on S based cathodes is revealed, along with the interaction between polyvinylidene difluoride and Li2S/polysulfides. This interaction can obstruct the electrochemical reactions near the binder, leading to dense deposition of insulating Li2S1–2 that covers the cathode surface. Without such a binder, localized and uniform Li2S1–2 deposition throughout the whole cathode can be achieved, effectively avoiding surface blockage and significantly improving electrode utilization. A full battery constructed with a binder‐free Li2S cathode delivers a gravimetric and volumetric energy density of 331.0 Wh kg−1 and 281.5 Wh L−1, under ultrahigh Li2S loading (16.2 mgLi2S cm−2) with lean electrolyte (2.0 µL mgLi2S−1), providing a facile but practical approach to the design of next‐generation S‐based batteries.
Towards an affordable magnetomyography instrumentation and low model complexity approach for labour imminency prediction using a novel multiresolution analysis
Authors: Nsugbe Ejay , Sanusi Ibrahim 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe ability to predict the onset of labour is seen to be an important tool in a clinical setting. Magnetomyography has shown promise in the area of labour imminency prediction, but its clinical application remains limited due to high resource consumption associated with its broad number of channels. In this study, five electrode channels, which account for 3.3% of the total, are used alongside a novel signal decomposition algorithm and low complexity classifiers (logistic regression and linear‐SVM) to classify between labour imminency due within 0 to 48 hours and >48 hours. The results suggest that the parsimonious representation comprising of five electrode channels and novel signal decomposition method alongside the candidate classifiers could allow for greater affordability and hence clinical viability of the magnetomyography‐based prediction model, which carries a good degree of model interpretability. The results showed around a 20% increase on average for the novel decomposition method, alongside a reduced group of features across the various classification metrics considered for both the logistic regression and support vector machine.
Magnitude and spatial distribution of food and nutrition security during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Tucumán (Argentina)
Authors: Cordero María Laura , Cesani María Florencia 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the magnitude and spatial distribution of household food and nutrition security (FNS) during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Tucumán (Argentina) and identify factors associated with food insecurity.MethodsDuring April and May 2020 a cross‐sectional quantitative study was performed. Data from 3915 households were analyzed. The study of FNS was performed with the Latin American and Caribbean Scale for Food Security. To identify associated factors, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were applied.ResultsHousehold food insecurity affected 55.9% of the sample (mild: 39.3%, moderate: 10.8%, severe: 5.8%). Analyzing the spatial distribution, the eastern area showed the highest food insecurity prevalence, followed by the south and west areas. Logistic regression analysis showed that household food insecurity varied according to household size, presence of children, socioeconomic status, and health area of residence.ConclusionsHousehold size, presence of children, socioeconomic status and public health area of residence were associated to household food insecurity. The perception of hunger was higher in larger households, in those with low and medium socioeconomic status and in households located in the southern area of the province.
Development and scale‐up of thermoplastic poly(ether‐ester) glycol polyurethanes for flexography
Authors: Ferreira Roberta , Dias Rafael , Laqua Letícia , Pavan Felipe , Marangoni Cintia , Machado Ricardo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis study presents an experimental essay on the production of thermoplastic polyurethanes for flexographic printing ink applications. Four formulations were obtained by step‐growth polymerization reactions having the pre‐polymer 4,4′‐diphenylmethylene diisocyanate and Voranol 2120 L® catalyzed by dibutyltin dilaurate as common ground. In the chain extension step, ethanol or ethyl acetate was used as solvent, and the use or not of castor oil as a chain extender in addition to hexanedioic acid and 2,2′‐oxydi(ethan‐1‐ol) was evaluated. The chemical structures of the synthesized thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs) were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H NMR, gel permeation chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, and rheological features were assessed by density and viscosity analysis. The TPU resins were used to produce flexographic printing inks and further tested by friction, adhesion, gloss, and Gardner viscosity essays. It was found that the castor oil presence enhanced ink viscosity in 66% (from 26,790 to 44,440 Pa s) as well as improved strength. Formulations using ethanol as solvent showed the best results. The experiments were carried in a 250 ml reactor and then, scaled up to 2000 ml, keeping the power transfer per unit of volume constant at around 0.8 W/L. The analytical results from the larger scale were as good as the obtained in scale one, showing promising application.
Another structural correction for 1‐oxo‐1H‐phenalene‐2,3‐dicarbonitriles: Synthesis of a potent BCL‐2 inhibiting 7‐phenoxy derivative
Authors: Sosič Izidor , Gobec Martina , Steinebach Christian , Schlesinger Martin , Bendas Gerd , Gütschow Michael 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAromatic scaffolds are an important part of biologically active compounds and molecular probes used to study biochemical pathways and the involved targeted proteins of interest. 1‐Oxo‐1H‐phenalene‐2,3‐dicarbonitrile‐based compounds have been described as inhibitors of the BCL‐2 family of proteins, and this core structure represents numerous possibilities for modifications that could lead to improved inhibitory potencies. Many studies demonstrated intriguing characteristics of these compounds in terms of reactivity and, interestingly, some contradictory literature reports appeared about reaction outcomes to synthesize them. Here, we initially provide a condensed overview of transformations performed on the phenalene scaffold, followed by the resynthesis of a 6‐phenoxy‐substituted derivative. We show that the initial determination of this particular structure was wrong and provide two‐dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) evidence to assign the structure properly. When preparing new derivatives using the same synthetic route, we observed 6‐ and 7‐substituted regioisomers. After confirming their structures by NMR experiments, the ability of these compounds to inhibit BCL‐2 was evaluated. The most potent 1‐oxo‐1H‐phenalene‐2,3‐dicarbonitrile derivatives inhibited BCL‐2 in the nanomolar range and showed double‐digit micromolar cytotoxicity against four different cancer cell lines.
Probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation in the treatment of behavioral symptoms of autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review
Authors: Tan Qiming , Orsso Camila E. , Deehan Edward C. , Kung Janice Y. , Tun Hein M. , Wine Eytan , Madsen Karen L. , Zwaigenbaum Lonnie , Haqq Andrea M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe emerging role of a microbiota‐gut‐brain axis in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) suggests that modulating gut microbial composition may offer a tractable approach to addressing the lifelong challenges of ASD. The aim of this systematic review was to provide an overview and critically evaluate the current evidence on the efficacy and safety of probiotic, prebiotic, synbiotic, and fecal microbiota transplantation therapies for core and co‐occurring behavioral symptoms in individuals with ASD. Comprehensive searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were performed from inception to March 5, 2020, and two update searches were completed on October 25, 2020, and April 22, 2021, respectively. A total of 4306 publications were identified, of which 14 articles met the inclusion criteria. Data were extracted independently by two reviewers using a preconstructed form. Results of probiotic studies do not confirm the supposed beneficial effect of probiotics on ASD, whereas prebiotics and synbiotic combinations appear to be efficacious in selective behavioral symptoms. Evidence of the efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation in ASD is still scarce but supports further research. Overall, the current evidence base to suggest beneficial effects of these modalities in ASD is limited and inconclusive. More clinical trials are currently looking at the use of microbial‐based therapies in ASD. With a robust double‐blind randomized controlled protocol to investigate the efficacy, these trials should provide significant and definitive results.Lay SummaryThere is a link between altered gut bacteria and autism spectrum disorder. Some people believe that modulating bacterial composition in the gut may help reduce autism symptoms, but evidence from human studies suggesting beneficial effects of probiotic, prebiotic, and combination thereof as well as fecal transplants in autism spectrum disorder is limited and inconclusive. Current data should not encourage use of these modalities. Further clinical studies are needed.
Functional communication training and delay to reinforcement for the treatment of elopement in a boy with Dravet syndrome
Authors: Vascelli Luca , Iacomini Silvia , Berardo Federica 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis study used a functional communication training procedure with delay to reinforcement to increase communication and decrease elopement of a 14‐year‐old boy with Dravet syndrome. The initial functional analysis showed that elopement was maintained by access to tangibles and avoidance of requests. The experimental design used was multiple probes across settings experimental design. The results indicated that the communication level increased, and elopement decreased during sessions conducted in the rehabilitation center and the home environment. Implications for practice are discussed.
A novel COL1A1 variant in a family with clinical features of hypermobile Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome that proved to be a COL1‐related overlap disorder
Authors: Foy Malika , De Mazancourt Philippe , Métay Corinne , Carlier Robert , Allamand Valérie , Gartioux Corine , Gillas Fabrice , Miri Nawel , Jobic Valérie , Mekki Ahmed , Richard Pascale , Michot Caroline , Benistan Karelle 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCOL1‐related overlap disorder is a condition, which is not yet considered as part of the 2017 EDS classification. However, it should be investigated as an alternative diagnosis for any patient with hypermobile EDS. This could allow providing appropriate genetic counseling.
Upgrading Octane Number of Naphtha by a Robust and Easily Attainable Metal‐Organic Framework through Selective Molecular Sieving of Alkane Isomers
Authors: Wang Hao , Dong Xinglong , Ding Jiayu , Wang Kaifang , Yu Liang , Zhang Shang , Han Yu , Gong Qihan , Ma An , Li Jing 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe separation of alkanes, particularly monobranched and dibranched isomers, is of paramount importance in the petrochemical industry for optimizing the feedstock of ethylene production as well as for upgrading the octane number of gasoline. Here, we report the full separation of linear/monobranched alkanes from their dibranched isomers by a robust and easily scalable metal‐organic framework material, Co3(HCOO)6. The compound completely excludes dibranched alkanes but adsorbs their linear and monobranched isomers, as evidenced by single‐component and multicomponent adsorption measurements. More importantly, the material exhibits excellent performance in separating naphtha and is capable of providing high quality feedstock for the production of ethylene and gasoline components with high octane number, making it a promising candidate for naphtha separation in petrochemical industry.
Low‐Concentration C2H6 Capture Enabled by Size Matching in the Ultramicropore
Authors: Jiang Xue , Wang Yu , Cao Jian‐Wei , Ye Zi‐Ming , Zhang Tao , Liu De‐Xuan , Li Kai‐Lei , Yang Rong , Wang Teng , Zhang Qiu‐Yu , Chen Kai‐Jie 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLow‐concentration ethane capture is crucial for environmental protection and natural gas purification. The ideal physisorbent with strong C2H6 interaction and large C2H6 uptake at low‐concentration level has rarely been reported, due to the large pKa value and small quadrupole moment of C2H6. Herein, we demonstrate the perfectly size matching between the ultramicropore (pore size of 4.6 Å) and ethane (kinetic diameter of 4.4 Å) in a nickel pyridine‐4‐carboxylate metal–organic framework (IISERP‐MOF2), which enables the record‐breaking performance for low concentration C2H6 capture. IISERP‐MOF2 exhibits the large C2H6 adsorption enthalpy of 56.7 kJ/mol, and record‐high C2H6 uptake at low pressure of 0.01–0.1 bar and 298 K (1.8 mmol/g at 0.01 bar). Molecule simulations and C2H6‐loading crystal structure analysis revealed that the maximized interaction sites in IISERP‐MOF2 with ethane molecule originates the strong C2H6 adsorption. The dynamic breakthrough experiments for gas mixtures of C2H6/N2(1/999, v/v) and C2H6/CH4 (5/95, v/v) proved the excellent low‐concentration C2H6 capture performance.