bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mobile EEG reveals functionally dissociable dynamic processes supporting real‐world ambulatory obstacle avoidance: Evidence for early proactive control
Authors: Mustile Magda , Kourtis Dimitrios , Ladouce Simon , Learmonth Gemma , Edwards Martin G. , Donaldson David I. , Ietswaart Magdalena 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe ability to safely negotiate the world on foot takes humans years to develop, reflecting the extensive cognitive demands associated with real‐time planning and control of walking. Despite the importance of walking, methodological limitations mean that surprisingly little is known about the neural and cognitive processes that support ambulatory motor control. Here, we report mobile EEG data recorded from 32 healthy young adults during real‐world ambulatory obstacle avoidance. Participants walked along a path while stepping over expected and unexpected obstacles projected on the floor, allowing us to capture the dynamic oscillatory response to changes in environmental demands. Compared to obstacle‐free walking, time–frequency analysis of the EEG data revealed clear neural markers of proactive and reactive forms of movement control (occurring before and after crossing an obstacle), visible as increases in frontal theta and centro‐parietal beta power respectively. Critically, the temporal profile of changes in frontal theta allowed us to arbitrate between early selection and late adaptation mechanisms of proactive control. Our data show that motor plans are updated as soon as an upcoming obstacle appears, rather than when the obstacle is reached. In addition, regardless of whether motor plans required updating, a clear beta rebound was present after obstacles were crossed, reflecting the resetting of the motor system. Overall, mobile EEG recorded during real‐world walking provides novel insight into the cognitive and neural basis of dynamic motor control in humans, suggesting new routes to the monitoring and rehabilitation of motor disorders such as dyspraxia and Parkinson's disease.
Preliminary evidence for a two‐for‐one deal: Wetland restoration for a threatened frog may benefit a threatened bat
Authors: Beranek Chad T. , Xu Giorginna , Clulow John , Mahony Michael 
Published: January 2021

SummaryHabitat restoration is an integral feature of wildlife conservation. However, funding and opportunities for habitat restoration are limited, and therefore, it is useful for targeted restoration to provide positive outcomes for non‐target species. Here, we investigate the possibility of habitat creation and management benefitting two threatened wetland specialists: the Green and Golden Bell Frog (Litoria aurea) and the Large‐footed Myotis (Myotis macropus). This study involved two components: (i) assessing co‐occurrence patterns of these species in a wetland complex created for the Green and Golden Bell Frog (n = 9) using counts, and (ii) comparing foraging activity of Large‐footed Myotis in wetlands with low and high aquatic vegetation (n = 6 and 7, respectively) using echolocation metres. Since Large‐footed Myotis possesses a unique foraging behaviour of trawling for aquatic prey, we hypothesised that foraging activity of this species would be higher in wetlands with low aquatic vegetation coverage. Additionally, we provide observations of its potential prey items. We identified one created wetland where both species were found in relatively high numbers, and this wetland had a permanent hydrology, was free of the introduced fish Gambusia (Gambusia holbrooki) and had low aquatic vegetation coverage. We also found that Myotis feeding activity was significantly higher in low aquatic vegetation coverage wetlands (x̅ = 65.72 ± 27.56 SE) compared to high (x̅ = 0.33 ± 0.33 SE, P = 0.0000). Although this is a preliminary study, it seems likely that Green and Golden Bell Frog and Large‐footed Myotis would gain mutual benefit from wetlands that are constructed to be permanent, that are Gambusia free, low in aquatic vegetation coverage, and are located in close to suitable roosting habitat for Large‐footed Myotis. We encourage adaptive aquatic vegetation removal for Green and Golden Bell frog as this may have benefits for Large‐footed Myotis. The evidence suggests that the former may be a suitable umbrella species for the latter.
Video quality using outpatient smartphone videos in epilepsy: Results from the OSmartViE study
Authors: Tatum William O. , Hirsch Lawrence J. , Gelfand Michael A. , Acton Emily K. , LaFrance W. Curt , Duckrow Robert B. , Chen David , Blum Andrew S. , Hixson John , Drazkowski Joe , Benbadis Selim , Cascino Gregory D. ,   The OSmartViE Collaborators
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of smartphone videos (SVs) of neurologic events in adult epilepsy outpatients. The use of home video recording in patients with neurological disease states is increasing. Experts interpretation of outpatient smartphone videos of seizures and neurological events has demonstrated similar diagnostic accuracy to inpatient video‐electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring.MethodsA prospective, multicenter cohort study was conducted to evaluate SV quality in patients with paroxysmal neurologic events from August 15, 2015 through August 31, 2018. Epileptic seizures (ESs), psychogenic nonepileptic attacks (PNEAs), and physiologic nonepileptic events (PhysNEEs) were confirmed by video‐EEG monitoring. Experts and senior neurology residents blindly viewed cloud‐based SVs without clinical information. Quality ratings with regard to technical and operator‐driven metrics were provided in responses to a survey.ResultsForty‐four patients (31 women, age 45.1 years [r = 20–82]) were included and 530 SVs were viewed by a mean of seven experts and six residents; one video per patient was reviewed for a mean of 133.8 s (r = 9–543). In all, 30 patients had PNEAs, 11 had ESs, and three had PhysNEEs. Quality was suitable in 70.8% of SVs (375/530 total views), with 36/44 (81.8%) patient SVs rated as adequate by the majority of reviewers. Accuracy improved with the presence of convulsive features from 72.4% to 98.2% in ESs and from 71.1% to 95.7% in PNEAs. An accurate diagnosis was given by all reviewers (100%) in 11/44 SVs (all PNEAs). Audio was rated as good by 86.2% of reviewers for these SVs compared with 75.4% for the remaining SVs (p = 0.01). Lighting was better in SVs associated with high accuracy (p = 0.06), but clarity was not (p = 0.59). Poor video quality yielded unknown diagnoses in 24.2% of the SVs reviewed. Features hindering diagnosis were limited interactivity, restricted field of view and short video duration.ConclusionsSmartphone video quality is adequate for clinical interpretation in the majority of patients with paroxysmal neurologic events. Quality can be optimized by encouraging interactivity with the patient, adequate duration of the SV, and enlarged field of view during videography. Quality limitations were primarily operational though accuracy remained for SV review of ESs and PNEAs.
Preictal state detection using prodromal symptoms: A machine learning approach
Authors: Cousyn Louis , Navarro Vincent , Chavez Mario 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA reliable identification of a high‐risk state for upcoming seizures may allow for preemptive treatment and improve the quality of patients' lives. We evaluated the ability of prodromal symptoms to predict preictal states using a machine learning (ML) approach. Twenty‐four patients with drug‐resistant epilepsy were admitted for continuous video‐electroencephalographic monitoring and filled out a daily four‐point questionnaire on prodromal symptoms. Data were then classified into (1) a preictal group for questionnaires completed in a 24‐h period prior to at least one seizure (n1 = 58) and (2) an interictal group for questionnaires completed in a 24‐h period without seizures (n2 = 190). Our prediction model was based on a support vector machine classifier and compared to a Fisher's linear classifier. The combination of all the prodromal symptoms yielded a good prediction performance (area under the curve [AUC] = .72, 95% confidence interval [CI] = .61–.81). This performance was significantly enhanced by selecting a subset of the most relevant symptoms (AUC = .80, 95% CI = .69–.88). In comparison, the linear classifier systematically failed (AUCs < .6). Our findings indicate that the ML analysis of prodromal symptoms is a promising approach to identifying preictal states prior to seizures. This could pave the way for development of clinical strategies in seizure prevention and even a noninvasive alarm system.
Importance of Self‐Esteem for the Parental Couple: Testing for Actor and Partner Effects
Authors: El Ghaziri Nahema , Darwiche Joëlle , Antonietti Jean‐Philippe , Orth Ulrich 
Published: January 2021

ObjectiveThis study investigated the actor and partner effects of self‐esteem on the quality of the parental couple relationships: the romantic relationship and the coparental relationship. The mediating role of romantic quality also was considered.BackgroundPrevious findings suggest that self‐esteem affects the quality of the romantic relationship. Yet few studies have focused on self‐esteem in the parental couple or explored self‐esteem related to the coparental relationship, both of which play a significant role in the nature of the family unit.MethodUsing data from two independent samples (including 2,549 couples), actor–partner interdependence models were tested to analyze the effects of self‐esteem on both relationships of the parental couple.ResultsParents with high self‐esteem reported higher romantic quality, as did their partner. Self‐esteem also showed actor and partner effects on negative coparenting. Accordingly, parents with high self‐esteem reported fewer conflicts about the child and fewer undermining behaviors. In contrast, the link between self‐esteem and positive coparenting received little support. However, when mothers had high self‐esteem, they engaged more frequently in positive coparental behaviors, such as including the father. Finally, romantic relationship quality mediated the actor and partner effects of self‐esteem on negative coparenting.ConclusionHaving high self‐esteem appears to be a couple resource with beneficial effects for both parents.ImplicationsImproving parents' self‐esteem could be an important gateway for enhancing the functioning of families with romantic and coparental difficulties.
Diet and acne: review of the evidence from 2009 to 2020
Authors: Dall’Oglio Federica , Nasca Maria Rita , Fiorentini Federica , Micali Giuseppe 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundDietary habits may play a non‐negligible role in the development, duration, and severity of acne, as shown in past critical review articles on such association.MethodsThe aim of this systematic review is to supplement data available on scientific literature spanning the last 10 years by inserting the keywords “acne” or “acne vulgaris” and “diet”, “nutrition”, “food”, “chocolate”, “dairy”, “whey protein”, “fatty acid”, or “drink” in the timeframe “January 2009‐April 2020” within the PubMed database.ResultsFifty‐three reviewed articles met eligibility criteria. They included 11 interventional clinical trials (seven randomized controlled trials and four uncontrolled open label studies) and 42 observational studies (17 case‐control and 22 cross‐sectional studies, and three descriptive studies).ConclusionsThis review reinforces the notion of a rapidly growing exponential trend of interest in this subject by the scientific community. Acne‐promoting factors include high GI/GL food, dairy products, fat food, and chocolate, whereas acne‐protective factors include fatty acids, fruit, and vegetable intake. The role played by specific dietary components pertaining to different foods, as done for milk (full‐fat/whole, reduced‐fat, low‐fat/skim milk), dairy products (milk cream, ice cream, yogurt, cheese, etc.), or chocolate (cocoa, dark/milk chocolate), remains an unsolved issue and objective of future research.
The effect of uncoated paper application on skin moisture, risk of pressure injury and incidence of pressure injury in neurologic intensive care unit patients: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Choi Yoo‐Hyung , Kim Sung Reul 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of uncoated paper on skin moisture, pressure injury risk and pressure injury incidence in neurological intensive care unit patients.MethodsA randomized controlled design was used. The experimental group (n = 68) received usual care (repositioning every 2 h and use of an air mattress) and application of uncoated paper on the sacral area for 5 days, whereas the control group (n = 67) received only usual care. A repeated measures analysis of variance was used to determine changes in the skin moisture and risk of pressure injury between the groups. A chi‐squared test was used to determine the change in the incidence of pressure injuries for sacral area. Data were collected from 20 October 2017 to 6 March 2018.ResultsThere were statistically significant differences in the skin moisture and risk of pressure injuries between the experimental and control groups. However, a significant difference was not observed in the incidence of pressure injuries between the groups.ConclusionThe use of uncoated paper may be a valid nursing intervention for the prevention of pressure injuries in neurological intensive care unit patients.
Safety of rapid injection of undiluted ferric carboxymaltose to patients with iron‐deficiency anaemia: a Phase II single‐arm study
Authors: Pasricha Sant‐Rayn , Gilbertson Michael , Indran Tishya , Bennett Ashwini , van Dam Matthew , Coughlin Elizabeth , Dev Anouk , Chunilal Sanjeev , Opat Stephen 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundFerric carboxymaltose is increasingly utilised to treat iron deficiency and is usually diluted in saline and administered as an intravenous infusion over 15 min. Although this is highly convenient compared with older formulations, we hypothesised the drug could be administered, safely given as a rapid bolus injection.AimsTo define the risk of serious adverse events following administration of an undiluted, rapid, high‐dose ferric carboxymaltose injection. Secondary aims included all other adverse events, as well as longitudinal effects on haemoglobin, iron stores, phosphate and hepcidin.MethodsIn a single‐arm, Phase II study in 121 patients with iron‐deficiency anaemia, we administered up to 1000 mg of ferric carboxymaltose as a rapid undiluted bolus injection, and recorded adverse events and collected blood samples over the first hour, and again at 2 and 4 weeks post‐treatment.ResultsNo patient experienced a serious adverse event. Flushing during the injection was common, as was a transient headache in the subsequent weeks. One patient experienced Grade 3 chest tightness, necessitating emergency department assessment but not admission or treatment. Treatment produced an average 12.3 g/L improvement in haemoglobin within 2 weeks, but commonly caused reductions in serum phosphate (although none of these was clinically symptomatic). Parenteral iron caused elevations in hepcidin sustained to 4 weeks post‐injection. Patients stated they would be prepared to receive the treatment again.ConclusionRapid injection of undiluted ferric carboxymaltose is well tolerated and could provide an approach to treat patients in the ambulatory setting.
Validation of Australian and Victorian guidelines for colonoscopy triage
Authors: Emery Jon D. , Kyriakides Mary , Faragher Ian , Ewing Hamish , Moss Alan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundManaging the growing demand for colonoscopies is challenging.AimsTo assess the diagnostic performance of National and Victorian colonoscopy triage guidelines and potential redistribution of triage categories.MethodsThis is a diagnostic validation study comparing colonoscopy triage guidelines against a reference colonoscopy dataset. Participants were a reference dataset of 2378 colonoscopies from 1 October 2014 to 30 June 2016. Comparison with triage categorisation determined using National Cancer Council Australia guidelines; Victorian triage guidelines; Optimal Cancer Care Pathways recommendations. Main outcome measures were as follows: (i) proportion of colonoscopies assigned to each triage category; (ii) detection rate (proportion of cancers assigned to triage Category 1); and (iii) conversion rate (proportion of triage Category 1 colonoscopies that diagnose a cancer).ResultsAfter adjusting for data absent in referrals, the National and Victorian guidelines reduced the proportion of Category 1 colonoscopies compared with the reference triage (National 76.3% vs 58.6%; 95% CI for difference 15.0–20.3%, P < 0.0001. Victorian 76.3% vs 66.3%; 95% CI for difference 7.4–12.6%, P < 0.0001). Victorian guidelines were associated with the highest detection rate (91.4%) and a conversion rate of 5.4% although the number of cancers limited the power to detect significant differences on these metrics. There was a higher proportion of unclassifiable colonoscopies using the National guidelines than the Victorian ones due to their focus on symptomatic indications.ConclusionsThe Victorian guidelines could reduce the proportion of Category 1 colonoscopies by 10% without reducing conversion or detection rates. This would require improvements in the quality of referrals and ordering faecal occult blood tests in 6% of symptomatic patients.
Documentation of adverse drug reactions to opioids in an electronic health record
Authors: Inglis Joshua M. , Caughey Gillian E. , Smith William , Shakib Sepehr 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundAllergy to opioids is the second most common drug allergy label in electronic health records (EHR). Adverse drug reactions (ADR) to opioids cause significant morbidity and contribute to healthcare costs, while incorrect opioid allergy labels may unnecessarily complicate patient management.AimsTo examine the documentation of opioid ADR in a large‐scale hospital‐based EHR.MethodsA cross‐sectional retrospective review of EHR documentation of opioid ADR at four public hospitals in South Australia was conducted. Data were extracted from all ADR entries including the reported allergen, ADR category (allergy or intolerance) and reaction details. Expert criteria were used to determine consistency of ADR categorisation as allergy or intolerance.ResultsOf 86 727 unique ADR reports, there were 13 781 ADR to opioids with most being entered as allergy (n = 8913, 64.7%) rather than intolerance (n = 4868, 35.3%). The most commonly documented reactions were nausea/vomiting (n = 3912, 28%), rash (n = 647, 5%), itch (n = 642, 5%) and hallucinations (n = 527, 4%). There were 362 (3%) ADR labels of anaphylaxis. Of those ADR containing a reaction description (n = 11 868), 89% of reports entered as allergy had a reaction description that was consistent with intolerance and 8% of the entered intolerances had descriptions consistent with allergy when assessed using predefined criteria.ConclusionsThis large EHR‐based study demonstrates the high rate of opioid ADR labels in EHR. The majority of these labels were for symptoms suggestive of pharmacological intolerance. Reactions consistent with true allergy were uncommon. Systematic review of ADR by a dedicated clinical service would improve the accuracy of documentation.
Dry matter partitioning to leaves differentiates African and Asian rice genotypes exposed to elevated CO2
Authors: Masuya Yusuke , Kumagai Etsushi , Matsunami Maya , Shimono Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntraspecific variation of response to elevated CO2 (eCO2) is a powerful option to improve crop productivity under the future climate. We evaluated genotypic variation in the biomass response to eCO2, at 200 μmol/mol above ambient CO2 (aCO2) 33 to 38 days after transplanting in 7 African rice (Oryza glaberrima Steud.) genotypes and 10 Asian rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes during a 3‐year experiment. A comparison at vegetative growth at aCO2, African rice genotypes showed 60% to 76% greater biomass than Asian rice genotypes. eCO2 significantly increased biomass of both species, and the magnitude of the increase was similar between the African (by 12% to 19% of averaged over three years) and Asian accessions (7 to 24%). The genotypic variation in the biomass response to eCO2 could be explained by the leaf area response rather than by the efficiency of biomass production per unit leaf area or leaf photosynthesis across the species. Dry matter partitioning to leaves determines biomass responsiveness to elevated atmospheric CO2 in comparison between African and Asian rice genotypes.
Breaking Barriers: Educating Design Students about Inclusive Design through an Authentic Learning Framework
Authors: Rieger Janice , Rolfe Annie 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCurrent studies in design education suggest that students and educators base their designs on what they already know about themselves and their peers, or on stereotypical notions of others. This article presents a critical examination of a pedagogical approach employed in several architecture and interior design studios to determine how best to develop student understanding of how to design for real users and users with abilities different from themselves. This authentic learning approach with spatial design students and teachers from the School of Design, Queensland University of Technology, Australia and with people with differing abilities, used qualitative and quantitative questionnaires, student journals and design studio projects to create a multimodal data set. While there are no simple conclusions, or easy answers to unravel the complexity in creating inclusive designs, our findings point towards enabling new engagements and knowledge processes and scaffolding these activities around authentic learning, so that design students and educators can begin to understand the differing ways of designing for/with people with disabilities. The significance of this research is that it opens up new approaches for teaching design students about inclusive design beyond fake personas, building codes and anthropometric data, and provides evidence of the need for a more holistic, authentic and scaffolded approach.
The Rise of Corporate Lobbying in the European Union: An Agenda for Future Research
Authors: Hanegraaff Marcel , Poletti Arlo 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWhile the interest group literature suggests there is a consistent trend towards more corporate lobbying in various political systems, it remains unclear whether this also applies to EU lobbying. This study addresses this debate in three ways. Firstly, it takes stock of the extant literature and discusses some of the methodological hurdles that have rendered it difficult to provide conclusive evidence for the rise of corporate lobbying in the EU. Secondly, it offers some suggestions on how to address these problems and delivers some stylized facts by relying on two original datasets providing 7information on lobbying activities in the EU. In line with what has been observed in other political systems, our analysis shows that the EU lobbying community has experienced a quite dramatic increase of firm lobbying over the past ten years. Finally, it reflects on how to begin developing a systematic understanding of the factors explaining this phenomenon.