bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methods to measure calcitonin receptor activity, up-regulated in cell stress, apoptosis and autophagy
Authors: Wookey Peter , Gupta Pragya , Bittencourt Lucas , Cheung Shane , Hare David , Furness Sebastian 
Published: October 2021

The expression of the calcitonin receptor (CT Receptor) is widespread throughout the life cycle of mammals and in many diseases, and in these contexts the functions of the common isoforms is largely unknown. The relatively recent development of anti-CT Receptor antibodies that bind separate epitopes on the CTa Receptor and CTb Receptor isoforms has advanced our knowledge and understanding of these events. CT Receptor at the protein level is upregulated in programmed cell death including apoptosis (as described in a previous publication) and autophagy, which is discussed in our upcoming, unpublished review. Incomplete data sets are cited in this review on the upregulation of CACLR (encoding CT Receptor) mRNA, in particular the insert-positive isoform (CTb Receptor), in response to cell stress. Cell stress is induced by growth in depleted foetal bovine serum (dFBS) or without FBS, both of which induce degrees of starvation and autophagy, or dFBS plus staurosporine, which induces apoptosis. Details of the methods deployed to generate these data are described here including measurement of the upregulation of CTb Receptor mRNA with qPCR and nanopore long range sequencing. An anti-CT Receptor antibody also known as CalRexinTM, which binds an epitope in the N-terminal domain, was conjugated to either fluorophore 568, which is accumulated into apoptotic cells as previously reported, or pHrodo Red, a pH dependent fluorescent dye, which is accumulated into autophagic and apoptotic cells. These conjugates are under development to image programmed cell death. The methods for conjugation and high content imaging on the Operetta platform are described. The high fluorescence intensity at low pH of CalRexin:pHrodo Red in both autophagic and apoptotic cells suggests localisation in autophago-lysosomes and lysosomes respectively. Overall, these observations and the methods that underpin them have contributed to our understanding of the widespread expression of CT Receptor isoforms.
The Multidimensional Battery of Prosody Perception (MBOPP)
Authors: Jasmin Kyle , Dick Frederic , Tierney Adam Taylor 
Published: October 2021

Prosody can be defined as the rhythm and intonation patterns spanning words, phrases and sentences. Accurate perception of prosody is an important component of many aspects of language processing, such as parsing grammatical structures, recognizing words, and determining where emphasis may be placed. Prosody perception is important for language acquisition and can be impaired in language-related developmental disorders. However, existing assessments of prosodic perception suffer from some shortcomings. These include being unsuitable for use with typically developing adults due to ceiling effects and failing to allow the investigator to distinguish the unique contributions of individual acoustic features such as pitch and temporal cues. Here we present the Multi-Dimensional Battery of Prosody Perception (MBOPP), a novel tool for the assessment of prosody perception. It consists of two subtests: Linguistic Focus, which measures the ability to hear emphasis or sentential stress, and Phrase Boundaries, which measures the ability to hear where in a compound sentence one phrase ends, and another begins. Perception of individual acoustic dimensions (Pitch and Duration) can be examined separately, and test difficulty can be precisely calibrated by the experimenter because stimuli were created using a continuous voice morph space. We present validation analyses from a sample of 59 individuals and discuss how the battery might be deployed to examine perception of prosody in various populations.
New approaches to an old challenge: what can we do about smoking?
Authors: Ross Louise 
Published: October 2021

Smoking cessation remains a challenge. Louise Ross describes new strategies practice nurses can use to help their patients to stop smoking Practice nurses are in an excellent position to help patients who smoke to think about quitting and to guide them towards the course of action most likely to be successful. Unfortunately some nurses, like many other health professionals, have become disillusioned about the power to change the minds of patients who smoke and influence their choices. This article looks at new strategies and approaches, to empower practice nurses and to support them to contribute to the national ambition of a Smokefree 2030.
Algorithm for real-time defect detection of micro pipe inner surface
Authors: Zhao Xinyu , Wu Bin 
Published: October 2021

Quantitative analysis and identification of unknown shaped defects have always been difficult and challenging in the quality control of micro pipes. A series of algorithms for defect detection and feature recognition is presented in this study. A lightweight convolution neural network (LCNN) is introduced to realize defect discrimination. A shallow segmentation network is employed to cooperate with LCNN to obtain pixel-wise crack detection, and a feature recognition algorithm for quantitative measurement is presented. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithms can achieve defect detection with an accuracy of 98.5%, segmentation with mean intersection over union of 0.834, and latency of only 0.2 s. It can be used for online feature recognition and defect detection of the inner surface of a hole.
The major worldwide stress of healthcare professionals during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic – the international COVISTRESS survey
Authors: Couarraze Sébastien , Delamarre Louis , Marhar Fouad , Quach Binh , Jiao Jiao , Avilés Dorlhiac Raimundo , Saadaoui Foued , Liu Andy Su-I , Dubuis Benoït , Antunes Samuel , Andant Nicolas , Pereira Bruno , Ugbolue Ukadike C. , Baker Julien S. ,   The COVISTRESS network, Clinchamps Maëlys , Dutheil Frédéric 
Published: October 2021

Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic has initiated an upheaval in society and has been the cause of considerable stress during this period. Healthcare professionals have been on the front line during this health crisis, particularly paramedical staff. The aim of this study was to assess the high level of stress of healthcare workers during the first wave of the pandemic.

Materials and methods
The COVISTRESS international study is a questionnaire disseminated online collecting demographic and stress-related data over the globe, during the pandemic. Stress levels were evaluated using non-calibrated visual analog scale, from 0 (no stress) to 100 (maximal stress).

Results
Among the 13,537 individuals from 44 countries who completed the survey from January to June 2020, we included 10,051 workers (including 1379 healthcare workers, 631 medical doctors and 748 paramedical staff). The stress levels during the first wave of the pandemic were 57.8 ± 33 in the whole cohort, 65.3 ± 29.1 in medical doctors, and 73.6 ± 27.7 in paramedical staff. Healthcare professionals and especially paramedical staff had the highest levels of stress (p < 0.001 vs non-healthcare workers). Across all occupational categories, women had systematically significantly higher levels of work-related stress than men (p < 0.001). There was a negative correlation between age and stress level (r = -0.098, p < 0.001). Healthcare professionals demonstrated an increased risk of very-high stress levels (>80) compared to other workers (OR = 2.13, 95% CI 1.87–2.41). Paramedical staff risk for very-high levels of stress was higher than doctors’ (1.88, 1.50–2.34). The risk of high levels of stress also increased in women (1.83, 1.61–2.09; p < 0.001 vs. men) and in people aged <50 (1.45, 1.26–1.66; p < 0.001 vs. aged >50).

Conclusions
The first wave of the pandemic was a major stressful event for healthcare workers, especially paramedical staff. Among individuals, women were the most at risk while age was a protective factor.
High sensitivity C-reactive protein level in various manifestations of tuberculosis in children
Authors: Kusumaningrum Radita , Anam Moh Syarofil , Dadiyanto Dwi Wastoro , Mexitalia Maria , Sidhartani Magdalena 
Published: October 2021

Background Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Of all TB patients, 40-50% are children. C-reactive protein (CRP) is produced during the inflammation process and is an indicator of active TB disease. High sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) test has higher accuracy and sensitivity to detect CRP at lower levels.
Objective To compare hs-CRP in children with TB infection, pulmonary TB, and extra-pulmonary TB.
Methods This cross-sectional study of children with tuberculosis was conducted at Dr. Kariadi Hospital and the Semarang Community Health Center, Semarang, Central Java, from January 2020–February 2021. Inclusion criteria were patients aged 1–18 years with suspected TB (contact with adult TB patient or clinically suspected to have TB).
Results From 95 study subjects, 19 had TB infection, 51 had pulmonary TB, and 25 had extra-pulmonary TB. There was a significant increase in hs-CRP level based on prolonged fever (P<0.001), enlarged lymph glands (P=0.004), joint swelling (P=0.006), low WHZ or BMI for age (P=0.048), positive bacteriological evidence (P<0.001), and negative/not done tuberculin skin test (P=0.001). There was a significant difference of hs-CRP level based on TB status, with the highest hs-CRP level in extra-pulmonary TB [14.3 mg/l (0.16–321.5)], followed by pulmonary TB [0.8 mg/l (0.3–129.1)], and TB infection [0.7 mg/l (0.3–20.2)]. The highest hs-CRP level for extra-pulmonary TB was found in abdominal TB [84.5 mg/l (0.6–321.5)].
Conclusion Children with extra-pulmonary TB have significantly higher hs-CRP than children with TB infection or pulmonary TB.
How to create

public

health

Facebook

posts

based on Motivational Interviewing

a

pproach

?
Authors: Pócs Dávid 
Published: October 2021

Objective:
This research aimed at identifying which types of social media content could achieve higher engagement rate and encourage smokers' motivational language. Intervention contents were classified according to motivational interviewing (MI) strategies.
Methods:
We categorized the included 701 Facebook posts (N=701) into five different groups according to specific MI strategies. Entertaining and informative strategies were in the control group. Facebook users’ interactions were the primary outcomes (engagement rate, negative feedback, and fan-total reach ratio). The comments reflecting smokers’ motivational language were the secondary outcomes (change talk and sustain talk).
Results:MI strategies achieved significantly higher engagement rate, higher fan-total reach ratio, and evoked more change talk. “Elaborating change talk” strategies elicited considerably more change talk. “Affirming change talk” strategies obtained higher fan-total reach ratio and generated significantly more change talk. “Relational MI” strategies achieved significantly higher engagement rate.
Conclusions:
This study offers an important insight into the Facebook post creating for public health professionals who design Facebook-based interventions. These MI strategies can increase the engagement rate: ”Building Partnership” and ”Expressing Empathy”. These MI strategies can reach more fans: ”Affirming Change Talk” and ”Reflecting Change Talk” strategies. Finally, these MI strategies can support smoking cessation: ”Elaborating Change Talk” and ”Affirming Change Talk” strategies.
Source: Pócs D, Óvári T, Watti J, Hamvai Cs, Kelemen O. How to create social media contents based on Motivational Interviewing approach to support tobacco use cessation? A content analysis. Journal of Substance Use 2021; DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2021.1967484. [Full preprint with appendix is available at ResearchGate.]
Post-Induction High Adalimumab Drug Levels Predict Biological Remission at Week 24 in Patients With Crohn's Disease
Authors: Zittan Eran , Steinhart A. Hillary , Goldstein Pavel , Milgrom Raquel , Gralnek Ian M. , Silverberg Mark S. 
Published: October 2021

INTRODUCTION:
We investigated whether early adalimumab drug levels (ADL) at week 4 predicted biological remission at week 24.

METHODS:
In a prospective study, we assessed clinical and biological remission at weeks 0, 4, 12, and 24 after induction of adalimumab in 33 patients with Crohn's disease. Disease activity was determined by the Harvey-Bradshaw Index, ileocolonoscopy reports, cross-sectional imaging, C-reactive protein (CRP), and fecal calprotectin (FC) levels. Clinical remission was defined as Harvey-Bradshaw Index <5. Biological remission was defined as a combination of FC < 200 μg/g and CRP <5 μg/mL. ADL trough levels were tested using a liquid phase, mobility shift assay.

RESULTS:
At 24 weeks, 18/33 (55%) of the patients were with biological remission. Ten (30%) patients required dose escalation or withdrawal from adalimumab by week 24 because of lack of response and exhibited significantly higher FC (P = 0.003) and CRP (P = 0.002). ADL levels at week 4 (19.8 μg/mL vs 10.2 μg/mL, P = 0.001) were significantly higher in patients with biological remission vs nonresponders at week 24. ADL levels at week 4 were a good predictor of biological remission at week 24, with area under the curve 0.86, 95% confidence interval (1.1; 1.67) and for combined biological and clinical remission, with area under the curve 0.8. The best ADL cutoff at week 4 that predicted biological remission at week 24 was 13.9 μg/mL (sensitivity 94.4% and specificity 73.3%).

DISCUSSION:
In individuals with Crohn's disease, higher adalimumab drug levels at week 4 (>13.9 μg/mL) were significantly associated with biological remission at week 24.
From Libra to Diem. The Pursuit of a Global Private Currency
Authors: Pupolizio Ivan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The official launch of the Libra project in 2019, and the subsequent troubles experienced by the project, stimulated a vigorous debate, from different perspectives, on the pros and cons of a private currency with global ambitions. This paper describes the main characteristics of Libra and of its heir, Diem, locating both in a partial taxonomy of the increasingly crowded field of so-called ‘digital currencies’. In the light of the distinguishing features and risks of such an ambitious project, the paper also aims to assess the potential impact on a crucial issue of the present international monetary system: the power to create money.
A Study on the Revival of Jamdani Weaving Technique and Kalamkari Drawing—Dyeing Processes of Traditional Kodali Karuppur Sarees
Authors: Panneerselvam R. G. , Sriramulu V. , Ramalingam P. , Prakash C. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper studies the revival of the traditional jamdani weaving technique and ‘Kalamkari’ drawing—dyeing processes combined in producing Kodali Karuppur sarees, which originated from the village Kodali Karuppur in Tamil Nadu, India. The saree was first woven in the figured jamdani technique and then decorated by the Kalamkari natural color drawing—dyeing process. This results in producing the twinkle subdued gold spots over the white background. These spots are surrounded by decorated painted patterns over the colored background. In this study, the existence of Kodali Karuppur village, the commencement of saree weaving from the sixteenth century, and the glory of weaving and dyeing artisans are collected. The travel of these techniques from North India to South India is also mapped. Various places where the Kodali Karuppur sarees are presently exhibited have been recorded. This paper analyzes the plain extra weft figured fabric structuring involved in the traditional jamdani weaving technique. The expertise of the weaver artisans in making the figured interlacement is explained. The 28 systematic steps involved in the drawing—dyeing process of the Kalamkari are listed. Different recipes followed in the Kalamkari process, its age-old measuring units used, and their equivalent measuring units in the present system are calculated and recorded. The revival of Kodali Karuppur sarees using the jacquard weaving of jamdani and the printing—dyeing processes of Kalamkari is suggested. The importance of imparting training to the young generation in the jamdani technique and Kalamkari process to enlighten on the glory of traditional Kodali Karuppur sarees is put forth.
A Novel Neuron-Specific Regulator of the V-ATPase inDrosophila
Authors: Dulac Amina , Issa Abdul-Raouf , Sun Jun , Matassi Giorgio , Jonas Célia , Rahmani Zohra , Chérif-Zahar Baya , Cattaert Daniel , Birman Serge 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe V-ATPase is a highly conserved enzymatic complex that ensures appropriate levels of organelle acidification in virtually all eukaryotic cells. While the general mechanisms of this proton pump have been well studied, little is known about the specific regulations of neuronal V-ATPase. Here, we studied CG31030, a previously uncharacterizedDrosophilaprotein predicted from its sequence homology to be part of the V-ATPase family. In contrast to its ortholog ATP6AP1/VhaAC45 which is ubiquitous, we observed that CG31030 expression is apparently restricted to all neurons, and using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene tagging, that it is mainly addressed to synaptic terminals. In addition, we observed that CG31030 is essential for fly survival and that this protein co-immunoprecipitates with identified V-ATPase subunits, and in particular ATP6AP2. Using a genetically-encoded pH probe (VMAT-pHluorin) and electrophysiological recordings at the larval neuromuscular junction, we show thatCG31030knock-down induces a major defect in synaptic vesicle acidification and a decrease in quantal size, which is the amplitude of the postsynaptic response to the release of a single synaptic vesicle. These defects were associated with severe locomotor impairments. Overall, our data indicate that CG31030, which we renamed VhaAC45-related protein (VhaAC45RP), is a specific regulator of neuronal V-ATPase inDrosophilathat is required for proper synaptic vesicle acidification and neurotransmitter release.
COVID-19–Associated Orphanhood and Caregiver Death in the United States
Authors: Hillis Susan D. , Blenkinsop Alexandra , Villaveces Andrés , Annor Francis B. , Liburd Leandris , Massetti Greta M. , Demissie Zewditu , Mercy James A. , Nelson III Charles A. , Cluver Lucie , Flaxman Seth , Sherr Lorraine , Donnelly Christl A. , Ratmann Oliver , Unwin H. Juliette T. 
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUNDMost coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) deaths occur among adults, not children, and attention has focused on mitigating COVID-19 burden among adults. However, a tragic consequence of adult deaths is that high numbers of children might lose their parents and caregivers to COVID-19–associated deaths.METHODSWe quantified COVID-19–associated caregiver loss and orphanhood in the United States and for each state using fertility and excess and COVID-19 mortality data. We assessed burden and rates of COVID-19–associated orphanhood and deaths of custodial and coresiding grandparents, overall and by race and ethnicity. We further examined variations in COVID-19–associated orphanhood by race and ethnicity for each state.RESULTSWe found that from April 1, 2020, through June 30, 2021, &gt;140 000 children in the United States experienced the death of a parent or grandparent caregiver. The risk of such loss was 1.1 to 4.5 times higher among children of racial and ethnic minority groups compared with non-Hispanic White children. The highest burden of COVID-19–associated death of parents and caregivers occurred in Southern border states for Hispanic children, in Southeastern states for Black children, and in states with tribal areas for American Indian and/or Alaska Native populations.CONCLUSIONSWe found substantial disparities in distributions of COVID-19–associated death of parents and caregivers across racial and ethnic groups. Children losing caregivers to COVID-19 need care and safe, stable, and nurturing families with economic support, quality child care, and evidence-based parenting support programs. There is an urgent need to mount an evidence-based comprehensive response focused on those children at greatest risk in the states most affected.
Diversidad Génetica de poblaciones de guanábana (Annona muricata L.) en Nayarit, México mediante marcadores SSR y SRAP.
Authors: Lira-Ortiz Rosalba , Cortés-Cruz Moisés Alberto , López-Guzmán Graciela Guadalupe , Palomino-Hermosillo Yolotzin Apatzingan , Sandoval-Padilla Isaac , Ochoa-Jiménez Verónica Alhelí , Sánchez-Herrera Leticia Mónica , Balois-Morales Rosendo , Berumen-Varela Guillermo 
Published: October 2021

La guanábana (Annona muricata) es un cultivo de importancia económica para Nayarit, México. Los frutos han tenido una excelente aceptación en el mercado regional, dificultando su comercialización a lugares lejanos porque la producción es altamente perecedera, aunado a que los árboles de los huertos de guanábana son en su mayoría ecotipos o fenotipos sin ningún plan de mejoramiento genético. Debido a la falta de variedades comerciales y de un banco de germoplasma, es importante conocer la diversidad genética para identificar y seleccionar genotipos; una de las herramientas para este propósito es el uso de marcadores moleculares. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la diversidad genética de guanábana de las principales zonas productoras de Nayarit. Se extrajo ADN genómico de hojas de guanábana, las cuales fueron recolectadas de 11 huertos (poblaciones) de las siguientes zonas: Compostela (cinco poblaciones), Tepic (tres poblaciones) y San Blas (tres poblaciones). Posteriormente, se realizó un análisis mediante marcadores moleculares SSR y SRAP. Los resultados indicaron que los SSR no mostraron polimorfismo entre las poblaciones. Por otro lado, en los marcadores SRAP se obtuvieron 116 loci polimórficos con un promedio de porcentaje de loci polimórfico (P) entre las zonas productoras de 29,55 %. Asimismo, se realizó un AMOVA, el cual mostró que el mayor porcentaje de varianza se encuentra dentro de las poblaciones. Además, los análisis de agrupamiento demostraron la formación de tres grupos independientes. Por tanto, se obtuvo una alta homocigocidad y baja diversidad genética de guanábana entre las zonas y poblaciones estudiadas.