bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in characteristics of children with cancer who receive standard versus concurrent hospice care
Authors: Svynarenko Radion , Mack Jennifer W. , Lindley Lisa C. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe provision of Section 2302 of the 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) allowed pediatric patients who are enrolled in Medicaid to receive hospice care concurrently with curative treatment (i.e., concurrent hospice care). Because it is a relatively new model of care and very little is known about the characteristics of children with cancer who receive it, the purpose of the current study was to compare demographic, health, and community characteristics of children who received standard hospice care versus concurrent hospice care.ProcedureThis study was a retrospective, comparison study with national Medicaid files provided by the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). The sample included 1685 pediatric patients under the age of 20 who were diagnosed with cancer, were enrolled in hospice between 2011 and 2013, and received standard hospice care (n = 1008) or concurrent hospice care (n = 655).ResultsChildren of non‐Hispanic White race with multiple complex chronic conditions, mental/behavioral health problems technology dependence, and brain and orbital tumors were more likely to be enrolled in concurrent care than in standard hospice care. The proportion of children enrolled in concurrent care versus standard hospice care was larger in rural areas, low‐income communities, and in the Southern states.ConclusionsThe enhanced uptake of concurrent care by traditionally underserved populations is promising. Concurrent hospice care, which allows for continued medical treatment and hospice care, could enhance access to hospice within these populations by offering a more blended model of care.
Tribological performance of self‐lubricating polyurethane elastomer compounding with the modified ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene
Authors: Xu Bo , Yin Bifeng , Li Qianzhu , Kuang Xin , Jia Hekun 
Published: May 2021

AbstractUltra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) powder was modified by surface treatment technology, then its wettability, dispersibility, mechanical, and tribological properties in polyurethane elastomer were studied. The testing results showed that after surface treatment, UHMWPE powder could infiltrate and disperse evenly in polyurethane, and build micro cross‐link with the contact surface of polymer substrate, which is conducive to enhancing the internal stress of polymer and improving the mechanical properties. With a small amount of modified UHMWPE being added into the casting polyurethane (CPU) elastomer, the right‐angled tearing strength increases and the abrasion loss decreases. Moreover, the elastomer surface self‐lubricating performance of CPU compounding with modified UHMWPE is enhanced: compared with the neat CPU sample, the average friction coefficient of the CPU samples with 5%, 10%, and 15% of modified UHMWPE is reduced by 46.3%, 41.5%, and 39.0%, respectively, and the surface wear resistance is improved; under the high‐load working condition, the CPU elastomer with 5% of modified UHMWPE has the optimal tribological performance.
Can permanganate oxidizable carbon predict soil function responses to soil organic matter management?
Authors: Lucas Shawn , Weil Ray 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe evaluatedpermanganate oxidizable carbon (POXC) as a rapid test for identifying soils where improved organic matter management could improve soil function. At three sites, pairs of fields with similar soils but contrasting management history (cropped vs. sod) were studied. Fields historically in sod had higher initial total organic C (TOC) and POXC than historically cropped fields. Two cover crop treatments (rye and no cover) were applied within fields. We examined responses to rye treatment within management history for water stable aggregates (WSA), mineralizable C (Cmin), mineralizable nitrogen (Nmin), and Year 2 POXC. Rye treatment had significant positive effects on Cmin, Nmin, WSA, and Year 2 POXC. Across all sites, historically cropped fields had significantly greater responses to rye in Nmin, WSA, and Year 2 POXC. Every parameter showed a significantly greater response to rye in historically cropped fields within at least one site. Significant responses were negatively correlated to initial TOC and initial POXC, indicating greater responses where initial soil C tested lower. Initial TOC and POXC were similarly related to responses, but the POXC method is rapid and simple, requires less expensive equipment, and can be carried out in the field, making it a practical alternative, or complement, to TOC in soil health assessment. Use of POXC could facilitate identification of soils where improved soil organic matter management could sequester soil C and improve soil functioning.
Secretome Signature of Cardiopoietic Cells Echoed in Rescued infarcted Heart Proteome
Authors: Arrell D. Kent , Crespo-Diaz Ruben J. , Yamada Satsuki , Jeon Ryounghoon , Garmany Armin , Park Sungjo , Adolf Jeffrey P. , Livia Christopher , Hillestad Matthew L. , Bartunek Jozef , Behfar Atta , Terzic Andre 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Stem cell paracrine activity is implicated in cardiac repair. Linkage between secretome functionality and therapeutic outcome was here interrogated by systems analytics of biobanked human cardiopoietic cells, a regenerative biologic in advanced clinical trials. Protein chip array identified 155 proteins differentially secreted by cardiopoietic cells with clinical benefit, expanded into a 520 node network, collectively revealing inherent vasculogenic properties along with cardiac and smooth muscle differentiation and development. Next generation RNA sequencing, refined by pathway analysis, pinpointed miR-146 dependent regulation upstream of the decoded secretome. Intracellular and extracellular integration unmasked commonality across cardio-vasculogenic processes. Mirroring the secretome pattern, infarcted hearts benefiting from cardiopoietic cell therapy restored the disease proteome engaging cardiovascular system functions. The cardiopoietic cell secretome thus confers a therapeutic molecular imprint on recipient hearts, with response informed by predictive systems profiling.
Recent Advances and Perspectives on the Polymer Electrolytes for Sodium/Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yin Hang , Han Chengjun , Liu Qirong , Wu Fayu , Zhang Fan , Tang Yongbing 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOwing to the low cost of sodium/potassium resources and similar electrochemical properties of Na+/K+ to Li+, sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) and potassium‐ion batteries (KIBs) are regarded as promising alternatives to lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) in large‐scale energy storage field. However, traditional organic liquid electrolytes bestow SIBs/KIBs with serious safety concerns. In contrast, quasi‐/solid‐phase electrolytes including polymer electrolytes (PEs) and inorganic solid electrolytes (ISEs) show great superiority of high safety. However, the poor processibility and relatively low ionic conductivity of Na+ and K+ ions limit the further practical applications of ISEs. PEs combine some merits of both liquid‐phase electrolytes and ISEs, and present great potentials in next‐generation energy storage systems. Considerable efforts have been devoted to improving their overall properties. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of an in‐depth and comprehensive review to get insights into mechanisms and corresponding design strategies of PEs. Herein, the advantages of different electrolytes, particularly PEs are first minutely reviewed, and the mechanism of PEs for Na+/K+ ion transfer is summarized. Then, representative researches and recent progresses of SIBs/KIBs based on PEs are presented. Finally, some suggestions and perspectives are put forward to provide some possible directions for the follow‐up researches.
Graphene's Role in Emerging Trends of Capacitive Energy Storage
Authors: Wang Chenxiang , Muni Mit , Strauss Volker , Borenstein Arie , Chang Xueying , Huang Ailun , Qu Sheng , Sung Kimberly , Gilham Tera , Kaner Richard B. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTechnological breakthroughs in energy storage are being driven by the development of next‐generation supercapacitors with favorable features besides high‐power density and cycling stability. In this innovation, graphene and its derived materials play an active role. Here, the research status of graphene supercapacitors is analyzed. Recent progress is outlined in graphene assembly, exfoliation, and processing techniques. In addition, electrochemical and electrical attributes that are increasingly valued in next‐generation supercapacitors are highlighted along with a summary of the latest research addressing chemical modification of graphene and its derivatives for future supercapacitors. The challenges and solutions discussed in the review hopefully will shed light on the commercialization of graphene and a broader genre of 2D materials in energy storage applications.
Electrochemical Generation and Use in Organic Synthesis of C‐, O‐, and N‐Centered Radicals
Authors: Chicas‐Baños Diego Francisco , Frontana‐Uribe Bernardo A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDuring the last decade several research groups have been developing electrochemical procedures to access highly functionalized organic molecules. Among the most exciting advances, the possibility of using free radical chemistry has attracted the attention of the most important synthetic groups. Nowadays, electrochemical strategies based on these species with a synthetic purpose are published continuously in scientific journals, increasing the alternatives for the synthetic organic chemistry laboratories. Free radicals can be obtained in organic electrochemical reactions; thus, this review reassembles the last decade's (2010–2020) efforts of the electrosynthetic community to generate and take advantage of the C‐, O‐, and N‐centered radicals’ reactivity. The electrochemical reactions that occur, as well as the proposed mechanism, are discussed, trying to give clear information about the used conditions and reactivity of these reactive intermediate species.
Identifying factors associated with the issuance of coronavirus‐related stay‐at‐home orders in the Middle East and North Africa Region
Authors: Murray Gregg R. , Jilani‐Hyler Nadia 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has not spared the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region. MENA is one of the most politically, socially, and economically heterogeneous regions in the world, a characteristic reflected in its governments' responses to COVID‐19. About two‐thirds of these governments issued coronavirus‐related stay‐at‐home orders (SAHOs), one of the most effective tools public health officials have for slowing the spread of infectious diseases. While SAHOs are very effective in terms of countering infectious diseases, they are extremely disruptive in nonhealth domains. The objective of this study is to identify reliable factors related to health care policy making that shaped the decisions of MENA governments to issue a SAHO or not in response to COVID‐19. The results identify specific political, social, and medical factors that played important roles and provide a look at early government responses to a global health crisis in a heterogeneous region of the world.
Counting Possible Configurations
Authors: Krifka Manfred 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIt is often assumed that a requirement for counting objects is that they do not overlap. However, this condition can be violated. The paper deals, specifically, with counting objects that consist of parts, that is, with configurations. One example is outfit as a configuration of articles of clothing; notice that one article of clothing may be part of different outfits. The article develops an analysis of such configurational entities as individual concepts. It investigates the interaction of noun phrases based on such nouns with modal operators and in collective and cumulative interpretations.
Linguistic Relativity and Flexibility of Mental Representations: Color Terms in a Frame Based Analysis
Authors: Berio Leda 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper connects the issue of the influence of language on conceptual representations, known as Linguistic Relativity, with some issues pertaining to concepts’ structure and retrieval. In what follows, I present a model of the relation between linguistic information and perceptual information in concepts using frames as a format of mental representation, and argue that this model not only accommodates the empirical evidence presented by the linguistic relativity debate, but also sheds some light on unanswered questions regarding conceptual representations’ structure. A fundamental assumption is that mental representations can be conceptualised as complex functional structures whose components can be dynamically and flexibly recruited depending on the tasks at hand; the components include linguistic and non-linguistic elements. This kind of model allows for the representation of the interaction between linguistic and perceptual information and accounts for the variable influence that color labels have on non-linguistic tasks. The paper provides some example of strategy shifting and flexible recruitment of linguistic information available in the literature and explains them using frames.
The Hidden Epidemic: The Harvard Medical Practice Study
Authors: Leape Lucian L. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMalpractice! The word strikes terror in doctors’ hearts—and with good reason. All doctors are at risk of being sued when things go wrong, and most doctors are in fact sued at some time in their career, whether or not they did anything wrong. For some high-risk specialties, including neurosurgery, vascular surgery, and cardiology, the percentage sued is very high, and multiple suits are not uncommon. For all doctors, the cost of malpractice insurance is substantial.
Setting Standards: The National Quality Forum
Authors: Leape Lucian L. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWhen AHRQ assumed the responsibility from the Quality Interagency Coordination Task Force (QuIC) report, Doing What Counts for Patient Safety, to develop practice changes to reduce harm from medical errors, it faced two problems: there were few proven safe practices, and there was a dearth of standards by which to evaluate them. A standard setter was needed.
Enforcing Standards: The Joint Commission
Authors: Leape Lucian L. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOn March 30, 1981, Ronald Reagan, president of the USA, was shot in an assassination attempt. During his lifesaving surgery at the George Washington Hospital, the nation was riveted by the clear and calm account of its progress by the hospital’s physician spokesman, Dennis O’Leary. Five years later, O’Leary became the head of the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals.
Partners in Progress: Patient Safety in the UK
Authors: Leape Lucian L. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn 1997, Britons were shocked by a report from the General Medical Council (GMC) of a series of deaths from bungled surgery at the Bristol Royal Infirmary. In response to parents’ complaints, the GMC had launched an investigation into the high mortality of cardiac surgery of children at the Infirmary. It found that of 53 children who were operated on, 29 had died and 4 suffered severe brain damage. Three surgeons were found guilty of serious professional misconduct, and two were stricken from the medical register [1].
Sleepy Doctors: Work Hours and the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education
Authors: Leape Lucian L. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOn March 5, 1984, Bennington College freshman Libby Zion died at New York Hospital. She had been admitted the night before with vague symptoms and strange jerking motions. After consulting with her family physician, the residents on call gave her intravenous solutions for possible dehydration and prescribed meperidine to control her jerking motions. They then left to take care of other patients. Luise Weinstein, the first-year resident, was responsible for 40 other patients. No sleep for her.
A Conspiracy of Silence: Disclosure, Apology, and Restitution
Authors: Leape Lucian L. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWhen patients are harmed by their treatment, they want three things from their doctor: they want the doctor to tell them what happened, say they are sorry, and tell them what will be done to keep it from happening to someone else. “What happened” is an acknowledgment that something went wrong, followed by an explanation of why it happened, and some guidance on what the future holds. If they have additional medical expenses or a disability, they also want compensation. Sadly, none of this happens most of the time [1].
Who Can I Trust? Ensuring Physician Competence
Authors: Leape Lucian L. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractGwyneth Vives, a scientist at Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico, suffered a complication and bled to death 3 hours after giving birth to a healthy boy in 2001. It was 4 days before Christmas. Vives suffered a vaginal tear and other lacerations during the delivery that caused profuse bleeding. Her obstetrician, Pamela Johnson, was sued for failure to order a blood transfusion for Vives as well as abandonment since she had turned over repair of the vaginal tear to a midwife. Two other patients also sued Johnson. Jean Challacombe alleged that Johnson tore her bowel and uterus while doing a dilation and curettage the same day Vives died. Tanya Lewis accused Johnson of doing an unnecessary hysterectomy.
Now the Hard Part: Creating a Culture of Safety
Authors: Leape Lucian L. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn 2020, the coronavirus pandemic killed 1,800,000 people, 346,000 of them Americans. In that same year, if recent estimates are correct, about the same number died as a result of medical errors, all despite the enormous effort of the past 20 years to eliminate preventable harm, an effort that has involved people at all levels: policy makers, government agencies, oversight bodies, quality improvement organizations, major health-care systems, and thousands of providers and caregivers on the frontline.
Second order transport coefficients of nonconformal fluids from compactified Dp-branes
Authors: Wu Chao , Wang Yanqi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
All the 7 dynamical second order transport coefficients of the nonconformal fluids that correspond to Dp-branes with one or more world-volume directions compactified are derived via fluid/gravity correspondence. The conditions considered in this paper include D4-brane with 1, 2 or 3 compact directions, D3-brane with 1 or 2 compact directions, as well as D2-brane with 1 direction compactified. The derived second order transport coefficients satisfy the Haack-Yarom, Romatschke and Kleinert-Probst relations.
Critical lumpy black holes in AdSp×Sq
Authors: Cardona Biel , Figueras Pau 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this paper we study lumpy black holes with AdSp × Sqasymptotics, where the isometry group coming from the sphere factor is broken down to SO(q). Depending on the values ofpandq, these are solutions to a certain Supergravity theory with a particular gauge field. We have considered the values (p, q) = (5,5) and (p, q) = (4,7), corresponding to type IIB supergravity in ten dimensions and eleven-dimensional supergravity respectively. These theories presumably contain an infinite spectrum of families of lumpy black holes, labeled by a harmonic numberℓ, whose endpoints in solution space merge with another type of black holes with different horizon topology. We have numerically constructed the first four families of lumpy solutions, corresponding toℓ= 1,2+,2−and 3. We show that the geometry of the horizon near the merger is well-described by a cone over a triple product of spheres, thus extending Kol’s local model to the present asymptotics. Interestingly, the presence of non-trivial fluxes in the internal sphere implies that the cone is no longer Ricci flat. This conical manifold accounts for the geometry and the behavior of the physical quantities of the solutions sufficiently close to the critical point. Additionally, we show that the vacuum expectation values of the dual scalar operators approach their critical values with a power law whose exponents are dictated by the local cone geometry in the bulk.
Exact summation of leading logs around $$ T\overline{T} $$ deformation of O(N + 1)-symmetric 2D QFTs
Authors: Linzen Jonas , Polyakov Maxim V. , Semenov-Tian-Shansky Kirill M. , Sokolova Nika S. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We consider a general (beyond $$ T\overline{T} $$
T

T
¯

) deformation of the 2D O(N + 1) σ-model by the irrelevant dimension-four operators. The theory deformed in this most general way is not integrable, and the S-matrix loses its factorization properties. We perform the all-order summation of the leading infrared logs for the 2 → 2 scattering amplitude and provide the exact result for the 2 → 2 S-matrix in the leading logarithmic approximation. These results can provide us with new insights into the properties of the theories deformed by irrelevant operators more general than the $$ T\overline{T} $$
T

T
¯

deformation.
Factorised 3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 orthosymplectic quivers
Authors: Akhond Mohammad , Carta Federico , Dwivedi Siddharth , Hayashi Hirotaka , Kim Sung-Soo , Yagi Futoshi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We study the moduli space of 3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 quiver gauge theories with unitary, orthogonal and symplectic gauge nodes, that fall into exceptional sequences. We find that both the Higgs and Coulomb branches of the moduli space factorise into decoupled sectors. Each decoupled sector is described by a single quiver gauge theory with only unitary gauge nodes. The orthosymplectic quivers serve as magnetic quivers for 5d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 superconformal field theories which can be engineered in type IIB string theories both with and without an O5 plane. We use this point of view to postulate the dual pairs of unitary and orthosymplectic quivers by deriving them as magnetic quivers of the 5d theory. We use this correspondence to conjecture exact highest weight generating functions for the Coulomb branch Hilbert series of the orthosymplectic quivers, and provide tests of these results by directly computing the Hilbert series for the orthosymplectic quivers in a series expansion.