bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visual outcome of endogenous endophthalmitis in Thailand
Authors: Lourthai Preeyachan , Choopong Pitipol , Dhirachaikulpanich Dhanach , Soraprajum Kunravitch , Pinitpuwadol Warinyupa , Punyayingyong Noppakhun , Ngathaweesuk Yaninsiri , Tesavibul Nattaporn , Boonsopon Sutasinee 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTo evaluate a 10-year visual outcome of endogenous endophthalmitis (EE) patients. A 10-year retrospective chart review of EE patients. Thirty-eight patients (40 eyes) were diagnosed with EE at the mean age of 42. Among the identifiable pathogens (71.1% culture positive), the causative agents were predominantly gram-negative bacteria (48.1%). The most common specie was Klebsiella pneumoniae (25.9%). About a quarter of the patients required surgical eye removal, and the remaining 45.7% had visual acuity (VA) worse than hand motion at one month after the infectious episode. The most common complication was ocular hypertension (52.5%). Poor initial VA was significantly associated with a worse visual outcome in the early post-treatment period (p 0.12, adjusted OR 10.20, 95% CI 1.65–62.96). Five patients continued to visit the clinic for at least ten years. One patient had gained his vision from hand motion to 6/7.5. Two patients had visual deterioration, one from corneal decompensation, and the other from chronic retinal re-detachment. Two patients developed phthisis bulbi, with either some VA perception of light or no light perception. Poor initial VA is the only prognostic factor of a poor early post-treatment visual outcome of EE.
A HML6 endogenous retrovirus on chromosome 3 is upregulated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis motor cortex
Authors: Jones Ashley R. , Iacoangeli Alfredo , Adey Brett N. , Bowles Harry , Shatunov Aleksey , Troakes Claire , Garson Jeremy A. , McCormick Adele L. , Al-Chalabi Ammar 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThere is increasing evidence that endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) play a significant role in central nervous system diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Studies of ALS have consistently identified retroviral enzyme reverse transcriptase activity in patients. Evidence indicates that ERVs are the cause of reverse transcriptase activity in ALS, but it is currently unclear whether this is due to a specific ERV locus or a family of ERVs. We employed a combination of bioinformatic methods to identify whether specific ERVs or ERV families are associated with ALS. Using the largestpost-mortemRNA-sequence datasets available we selectively identified ERVs that closely resembled full-length proviruses. In the discovery dataset there was one ERV locus (HML6_3p21.31c) that showed significant increased expression inpost-mortemmotor cortex tissue after multiple-testing correction. Using six replicationpost-mortemdatasets we found HML6_3p21.31c was consistently upregulated in ALS in motor cortex and cerebellum tissue. In addition, HML6_3p21.31c showed significant co-expression with cytokine binding and genes involved in EBV, HTLV-1 and HIV type-1 infections. There were no significant differences in ERV family expression between ALS and controls. Our results support the hypothesis that specific ERV loci are involved in ALS pathology.
Numerical simulation for bioconvectional flow of burger nanofluid with effects of activation energy and exponential heat source/sink over an inclined wall under the swimming microorganisms
Authors: Waqas Hassan , Farooq Umar , Ibrahim Aqsa , Kamran Alam M. , Shah Zahir , Kumam Poom 
Published: July 2021

AbstractNanofluids has broad applications such as emulsions, nuclear fuel slurries, molten plastics, extrusion of polymeric fluids, food stuffs, personal care products, shampoos, pharmaceutical industries, soaps, condensed milk, molten plastics. A nanofluid is a combination of a normal liquid component and tiny-solid particles, in which the nanomaterials are immersed in the liquid. The dispersion of solid particles into yet another host fluid will extremely increase the heat capacity of the nanoliquid, and an increase of heat efficiency can play a significant role in boosting the rate of heat transfer of the host liquid. The current article discloses the impact of Arrhenius activation energy in the bioconvective flow of Burger nanofluid by an inclined wall. The heat transfer mechanism of Burger nanofluid is analyzed through the nonlinear thermal radiation effect. The Brownian dispersion and thermophoresis diffusions effects are also scrutinized. A system of partial differential equations are converted into ordinary differential equation ODEs by using similarity transformation. The multi order ordinary differential equations are reduced to first order differential equations by applying well known shooting algorithm then numerical results of ordinary equations are computed with the help of bvp4c built-in function Matlab. Trends with significant parameters via the flow of fluid, thermal, and solutal fields of species and the area of microorganisms are controlled. The numerical results for the current analysis are seen in the tables. The temperature distribution increases by rising the temperature ratio parameter while diminishes for a higher magnitude of Prandtl number. Furthermore temperature-dependent heat source parameter increases the temperature of fluid. Concentration of nanoparticles is an decreasing function of Lewis number. The microorganisms profile decay by an augmentation in the approximation of both parameter Peclet number and bioconvection Lewis number.
Influence of heart rate correction formulas on QTc interval stability
Authors: Andršová Irena , Hnatkova Katerina , Šišáková Martina , Toman Ondřej , Smetana Peter , Huster Katharina M. , Barthel Petra , Novotný Tomáš , Schmidt Georg , Malik Marek 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMonitoring of QTc interval is mandated in different clinical conditions. Nevertheless, intra-subject variability of QTc intervals reduces the clinical utility of QTc monitoring strategies. Since this variability is partly related to QT heart rate correction, 10 different heart rate corrections (Bazett, Fridericia, Dmitrienko, Framingham, Schlamowitz, Hodges, Ashman, Rautaharju, Sarma, and Rabkin) were applied to 452,440 ECG measurements made in 539 healthy volunteers (259 females, mean age 33.3 ± 8.4 years). For each correction formula, the short term (5-min time-points) and long-term (day-time hours) variability of rate corrected QT values (QTc) was investigated together with the comparisons of the QTc values with individually corrected QTcI values obtained by subject-specific modelling of the QT/RR relationship and hysteresis. The results showed that (a) both in terms of short-term and long-term QTc variability, Bazett correction led to QTc values that were more variable than the results of other corrections (p < 0.00001 for all), (b) the QTc variability by Fridericia and Framingham corrections were not systematically different from each other but were lower than the results of other corrections (p-value between 0.033 and < 0.00001), and (c) on average, Bazett QTc values departed from QTcI intervals more than the QTc values of other corrections. The study concludes that (a) previous suggestions that Bazett correction should no longer be used in clinical practice are fully justified, (b) replacing Bazett correction with Fridericia and/or Framingham corrections would improve clinical QTc monitoring, (c) heart rate stability is needed for valid QTc assessment, and (d) development of further QTc corrections for day-to-day use is not warranted.
DES-Tcell is a knowledgebase for exploring immunology-related literature
Authors: AlSaieedi Ahdab , Salhi Adil , Tifratene Faroug , Raies Arwa Bin , Hungler Arnaud , Uludag Mahmut , Van Neste Christophe , Bajic Vladimir B. , Gojobori Takashi , Essack Magbubah 
Published: July 2021

AbstractT-cells are a subtype of white blood cells circulating throughout the body, searching for infected and abnormal cells. They have multifaceted functions that include scanning for and directly killing cells infected with intracellular pathogens, eradicating abnormal cells, orchestrating immune response by activating and helping other immune cells, memorizing encountered pathogens, and providing long-lasting protection upon recurrent infections. However, T-cells are also involved in immune responses that result in organ transplant rejection, autoimmune diseases, and some allergic diseases. To support T-cell research, we developed the DES-Tcell knowledgebase (KB). This KB incorporates text- and data-mined information that can expedite retrieval and exploration of T-cell relevant information from the large volume of published T-cell-related research. This KB enables exploration of data through concepts from 15 topic-specific dictionaries, including immunology-related genes, mutations, pathogens, and pathways. We developed three case studies using DES-Tcell, one of which validates effective retrieval of known associations by DES-Tcell. The second and third case studies focuses on concepts that are common to Grave’s disease (GD) and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT). Several reports have shown that up to 20% of GD patients treated with antithyroid medication develop HT, thus suggesting a possible conversion or shift from GD to HT disease. DES-Tcell found miR-4442 links to both GD and HT, and that miR-4442 possibly targets the autoimmune disease risk factor CD6, which provides potential new knowledge derived through the use of DES-Tcell. According to our understanding, DES-Tcell is the first KB dedicated to exploring T-cell-relevant information via literature-mining, data-mining, and topic-specific dictionaries.
Evolutionary loss of thermal acclimation accompanied by periodic monocarpic mass flowering in Strobilanthes flexicaulis
Authors: Ishida Atsushi , Nakamura Tomomi , Saiki Shin-Taro , Yoshimura Jin , Kakishima Satoshi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWhile life history, physiology and molecular phylogeny in plants have been widely studied, understanding how physiology changes with the evolution of life history change remains largely unknown. In two closely related understory Strobilanthes plants, the molecular phylogeny has previously shown that the monocarpic 6-year masting S. flexicaulis have evolved from a polycarpic perennial, represented by the basal clade S. tashiroi. The polycarpic S. tashiroi exhibited seasonal thermal acclimation with increased leaf respiratory and photosynthetic metabolism in winter, whereas the monocarpic S. flexicaulis showed no thermal acclimation. The monocarpic S. flexicaulis required rapid height growth after germination under high intraspecific competition, and the respiration and N allocation were biased toward nonphotosynthetic tissues. By contrast, in the long-lived polycarpic S. tashiroi, these allocations were biased toward photosynthetic tissues. The life-history differences between the monocarpic S. flexicaulis and the polycarpic S. tashiroi are represented by the “height growth” and “assimilation” paradigms, respectively, which are controlled by different patterns of respiration and nitrogen regulation in leaves. The obtained data indicate that the monocarpic S. flexicaulis with the evolutionary loss of thermal acclimation may exhibit increased vulnerability to global warming.
Reusing wasteroot of Rubia wallichiana dyeing from Monpa of Tibet in China
Authors: Yang Rong , Zhang Yu , Ranjitkar Sailesh , Li Mingxiang , Guo Yongjie , Yan Xiuxiang , Wang Chuanfa , Stepp John Richard , Yang Lixin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHumans have dyed textiles and leather, colored food, and paint body parts using natural dyes throughout history. Natural dyes have suffered drastically due to recent socioeconomic changes and replacement with synthetic dye in the textile industry. Hence, it is urgent to study indigenous dye plants and dyeing craft in local communities to protect these resources' potential ecological, economic, and cultural values. In 11 Monpa villages of Mêdog County, South-east Tibet, China, we conducted field research to record the indigenous method of cloth dyeing using madder dye. An aqueous extract of the root of Rubia wallichiana is a traditional madder dye. In this study, we used traditional dye and ethyl alcohol extract of the residue of aqueous extract. Two fabrics were dyed with the extractions in the presence of one of the metallic mordants or biomordants. Pigment compounds from aqueous extraction of madder and ethyl alcohol extraction of recycled madder were evaluated using Phytochemical, UV–visible spectroscopy, and FTIR test. We carried out One-way ANOVA and Duncan's new multiple range method to analyze different dying approaches and conditions. The dyed fabrics were evaluated by indicators of color strength and fastness, including washing, rubbing, and perspiration. The findings revealed the potentiality of biomordants to improve the dyeing properties of madder. The dyeing properties of recycled madder were marginally better than traditional madder. The results revealed the feasibility of enhancing the dyeing property and reuse of the residue from madder dyeing. The improved dyeing and reuse of residue can improve local ecological, economic benefits, and cultural heritage while applying research findings for the subsequent commercialization of plant dyes.
Prediction of a positive surgical margin and biochemical recurrence after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy
Authors: Yang Ching-Wei , Wang Hsiao-Hsien , Hassouna Mohamed Fayez , Chand Manish , Huang William J. S. , Chung Hsiao-Jen 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe positive surgical margin (PSM) and biochemical recurrence (BCR) are two main factors associated with poor oncotherapeutic outcomes after prostatectomy. This is an Asian population study based on a single-surgeon experience to deeply investigate the predictors for PSM and BCR. We retrospectively included 419 robot-assisted radical prostatectomy cases. The number of PSM cases was 126 (30.1%), stratified as 22 (12.2%) in stage T2 and 103 (43.6%) in stage T3. Preoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA) > 10 ng/mL (p = 0.047; odds ratio [OR] 1.712), intraoperative blood loss > 200 mL (p = 0.006; OR 4.01), and postoperative pT3 stage (p < 0.001; OR 6.901) were three independent predictors for PSM while PSA > 10 ng/mL (p < 0.015; hazard ratio [HR] 1.8), pT3 stage (p = 0.012; HR 2.264), International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade > 3 (p = 0.02; HR 1.964), and PSM (p = 0.027; HR 1.725) were four significant predictors for BCR in multivariable analysis. PSMs occurred mostly in the posterolateral regions (73.8%) which were associated with nerve-sparing procedures (p = 0.012) while apical PSMs were correlated intraoperative bleeding (p < 0.001). A high ratio of pT3 stage after RARP in our Asian population-based might surpass the influence of PSM on BCR. PSM was less significant than PSA and ISUP grade for predicting PSA recurrence in pT3 disease. Among PSM cases, unifocal and multifocal positive margins had a similar ratio of the BCR rate (p = 0.172) but ISUP grade > 3 (p = 0.002; HR 2.689) was a significant BCR predictor. These results indicate that PSA and pathological status are key factors influencing PSM and BCR.
Une force de portance élastohydrodynamique en matière molle
Authors: Salez Thomas , Saintyves Baudouin , Zheng Zaicheng , Bertin Vincent , Maali Abdelhamid 
Published: July 2021

La friction est un phénomène omniprésent, aux conséquences majeures. Une stratégie pour réduire les frottements entre deux objets est d’intercaler une couche de fluide lubrifiant.
Pour des objets élastiques, le couplage entre leur déformation et la pression due à l’écoulement engendre des effets non triviaux, tels que l’apparition d’une force de portance.
Dans ce contexte, le problème d’une particule libre dans un fluide et proche d’une paroi molle a été traité théoriquement – avec des prédictions étonnantes.
La portance a été ensuite observée expérimentalement de manière indirecte, à diverses échelles.
Enfin, sa première mesure directe et quantitative à l’échelle nanométrique a été réalisée.
Optimiser la consommation énergétique des calculateurs quantiques : un défi interdisciplinaire
Authors: Auffèves Alexia 
Published: July 2021

Jusqu’ici, la question de la facture énergétique d’un calculateur quantique n’a guère été abordée par les programmes de recherche – bien qu’elle amène actuellement l’industrie des semi-conducteurs à ses limites.
Existe-t-il un avantage quantique de nature énergétique ? Ou bien, au contraire, faudra-t-il une centrale nucléaire par ordinateur quantique ?
Cet article propose des pistes pour répondre à ces questions.
Du flou des images astronomiques à un prix Nobel de physique
Authors: Léna Pierre , Perrin Guy 
Published: July 2021

Deux des lauréats du prix Nobel de physique 2020 sont primés pour leurs observations 1, qui ont confirmé l’existence d’un trou noir supermassif au centre de notre Galaxie. En améliorant considérablement, jusqu’à un facteur de plus de cent-mille parfois, la résolution spatiale des télescopes utilisés, ils ont exploré un véritable laboratoire de relativité générale, au plus près de cette singularité de l’espace-temps.
Ces gains en résolution résultent d’un franchissement de la limitation imposée par l’atmosphère terrestre, grâce à l’interférométrie des tavelures (1970), puis l’optique adaptative (1989), enfin la mise en service de télescopes optiques géants (ca. 2000), et du réseau interférométrique du Very Large Telescope européen.
The generalized Plücker–Klein map
Authors: Krasnov V. A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The intersection of two quadrics is called a biquadric. If we mark a non-singular quadric in the pencil of quadrics through a given biquadric, then the given biquadric is called a marked biquadric. In the classical papers of Plücker and Klein, a Kummer surface was canonically associated with every three-dimensional marked biquadric (that is, with a quadratic line complex provided that the Plücker–Klein quadric is marked). In Reid’s thesis, this correspondence was generalized to odd-dimensional marked biquadrics of arbitrary dimension

. In this case, a Kummer variety of dimension

corresponds to every biquadric of dimension

. Reid only constructed the generalized Plücker–Klein correspondence. This map was not studied later. The present paper is devoted to a partial solution of the problem of creating the corresponding theory.
Embedding theorems related to torsional rigidity and principal frequency
Authors: Avkhadiev F. G. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We study criteria for the finiteness of the constants

in integral inequalities generalizing the Poincaré–Friedrichs inequality and Saint-Venant’s variational definition of torsional rigidity. The Rayleigh–Faber–Krahn isoperimetric inequality and the Saint-Venant–Pólya inequality guarantee the existence of finite constants

for domains of finite volume. Criteria for the existence of finite constants

for unbounded domains of infinite volume were known only in the cases of planar simply connected and spatial convex domains. We generalize and strengthen some known results and extend them to the case when

. Here is one of our results.
Suppose that

and

, where

is a compact set and

is either a planar domain with uniformly perfect boundary or a spatial domain satisfying the exterior sphere condition. Under these assumptions, a finite constant

exists if and only if the integral

is finite, where

is the distance from the point

to the boundary of

.
Plancherel–Rotach type asymptotic formulae for multiple orthogonal Hermite polynomials and recurrence relations
Authors: Aptekarev A. I. , Dobrokhotov S. Yu. , Tulyakov D. N. , Tsvetkova A. V. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We study the asymptotic properties of multiple orthogonal Hermite polynomials which are determined by the orthogonality relations with respect to two Hermite weights (Gaussian distributions) with shifted maxima. The starting point of our asymptotic analysis is a four-term recurrence relation connecting the polynomials with adjacent numbers. We obtain asymptotic expansions as the number of the polynomial and its variable grow consistently (the so-called Plancherel–Rotach type asymptotic formulae). Two techniques are used. The first is based on constructing expansions of bases of homogeneous difference equations, and the second on reducing difference equations to pseudodifferential ones and using the theory of the Maslov canonical operator. The results of these approaches agree.
Ni-doping effects on the c-BN structural and electronic properties from density functional theory calculations
Authors: Ramadhan M R , Piliang M Z 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Cubic boron nitride (c-BN) is known for its hardness parameter and wide range of electronic applications due to its band gap value. Here we investigated the doping effect of Ni atom on the c-BN system within the framework of density functional theory calculation. Generalized gradient approximation (GGA) is utilized as the exchange-correlation energy to estimate bulk modulus and band gap parameters. Supercell structure is consists of 8-unit cells in the formation of 2 × 2 × 2, with a single Ni atom replacing either B or N atoms. We observed that the bulk modulus of the c-BN type structure is slightly decreased followed by an increase of the lattice constants with the addition of Ni atoms to either B or N atoms. The mid-gap state introduced by Ni atom is apparent in both cases which effectively reduces the band gap of the c-BN system.
Synthesis of Magnetite Fe3O4 from Laterite Iron Rock as Microwave Absorber Material
Authors: Silvia L , Aslama B , Novialent E , Zainuri M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Synthesis of magnetite from laterite iron rock material was successfully introduced as microwave absorber material. In this research, magnetite has been made from laterite iron rock, Tanah Laut, South Kalimantan, Indonesia to be laterite iron sand was achieved by a simple method. Magnetite with paint coating is applied to steel grade A type AH36. The sample was characterized by an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) to investigated element composition, crystal structure, the morphology of particles, hysteresis loops of the magnetic sample, respectively. Based on the experiment, the magnetic particle properties have saturated magnetization of 120 emu g−1 and the coercive force of 0.05 T. VNA to investigate the absorption characteristics of microwaves in a frequency range between 8-12 GHz. The results showed that the reflection loss of magnetite is higher than uncoated steel samples. The sample has a maximum reflection loss value of −14.4 dB at 8 GHz with a sample thickness of 4 mm.
Surface Temperature Distribution on Aluminum Hollow Heated Using Two Pairs of Thermoelectric
Authors: Putro T , Triqadafi A O , Sakti S P 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In the development of a gas sensor using Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM), the temperature of the headspace needs to be controlled. In this work, the temperature distribution of the aluminum hollow as a headspace was observed using a thermal imaging camera. In addition, the heating rate was also measured. The aluminum hollow was a square hollow with a dimension of 40mm x 40mm with a length of 20cm. The hollow thickness was 1 mm. The aluminum is heated using two pairs of thermoelectric that are mounted opposite each other. The aluminum surface temperature was set at 70 ° C and observed using the Fluke TiS20 thermal imaging camera. We found that the temperature distribution on the surface in the adjacent direction to the thermoelectric surface was evenly distributed with a temperature difference of 1°C. In the parallel direction, the temperature difference of 1°C existed in a length of 33.3 mm. It suggests that placement of the sensor with a temperature difference of less than 1°C can be varied in an area of 40mmx33.3mm.