bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interfacial Passivation and Energy Level Alignment Regulation for Self‐Powered Perovskite Photodetectors with Enhanced Performance and Stability
Authors: Wang Diandian , Xu Weiwei , Min Liangliang , Tian Wei , Li Liang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractInterfacial passivation and energy level alignment regulation at perovskite and charge transport layer interface are urgently desirable for constructing efficient and stable self‐powered perovskite photodetectors. Herein, a modified additive‐containing antisolvent strategy that not only facilitates high quality perovskite film formation but also modulates energy level alignment at interface is developed to improve the photoresponse and stability of perovskite photodetectors. Specifically, poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) is introduced as functional additive into the antisolvent chlorobenzene. P3HT molecules penetrate along perovskite grain boundaries to fill the pinholes and passivate Pb2+ defects. Furthermore, the valence band maximum of the surface of the perovskite layer is modulated to form a favorable band energy alignment with the hole transport layer (HTL). The suppressed carrier recombination at the perovskite/HTL interface results in reduced noise current and improved photocurrent. Finally, the optimized device achieves a responsivity of 0.41 A W‐1, a detectivity of 0.61 × 1012 Jones at 700 nm, and a linear dynamic response range of 118 dB without external bias. In addition, the unpackaged device still maintains 78% of initial performance after 720 h under ambient conditions, indicating its superior stability compared with the original device.
Rational Composition and Structural Control for Enhancing Thermoelectric Properties in p‐Type Bi0.4Sb1.6Te3 Thin Films
Authors: Chen Yue‐Xing , Li Ruo‐yang , Wang Tao , Jabar Bushra , Li Fu , Liang Guang‐xing , Zheng Zhuang‐hao , Fan Ping 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBi2Te3‐based thin films with high thermoelectric performance possess a full potential for application in thermoelectric devices. This work, reports p‐type Te‐excess Bi0.4Sb1.6Te3 (BST) thin films with high power factor via composition and growth orientation optimization. Experimental characterizations show that the preferred growth orientation changes from (015) to (00l) with the increase of rapid annealing temperature, contributing to the high electrical conductivity of the Te‐excess BST thin films. The Te nanoparticles between the BST grain boundaries are observed via microstructure characterization; the composition regulation leads to the optimization of the carrier concentration and enhancement of Seebeck coefficient. As a result, the high power factor of 18.39 µW cm−1 K−2 is obtained at 500 K, over two times larger than that of BST thin film. This work establishes that rational composition and structural manipulations can significantly enhance the thermoelectric performance in p‐type Te–Bi0.4Sb1.6Te3 thin films.
Terahertz Metamaterial Absorbers
Authors: Chen Chuanxin , Chai Minqi , Jin Meihua , He Tao 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTerahertz metamaterial absorbers (TMAs) can efficiently absorb electromagnetic wave in the range of 0.1–10 THz based on the tunable electromagnetic properties of artificially designed unit cells. TMAs can achieve perfect absorption, as well as broad band absorption. Specifically, TMAs can break the thickness limit of a device at a quarter wavelength, realizing ultra‐thin devices so as to facilitate integration with other systems. Accordingly, TMAs have high application value in communication, imaging, detection, security inspection, and other fields because of their characteristics of small size, perfect absorption, less restriction of natural materials, and tunable electromagnetic parameters. This review covers the fundamental principles and recent advances of TMAs, from the essential structural features of TMAs and working principle of various types of TMAs to the design and applications of corresponding structures, especially the TMAs that can be tuned by various approaches. The development trend and challenges of TMAs are briefly discussed too. It is envisioned that this review can help R&D of the future TMAs for real applications.
External Field‐Driven Untethered Microrobots for Targeted Cargo Delivery
Authors: Zhu Shilu , Chen Yin , Liu Guangli , Qian Haisheng , Niu Fuzhou , Wang Ying , Zhao Yuliang , Luo Tingting , Yang Runhuai 
Published: December 2021

AbstractUntethered microrobots (UMRs) propelled by multiple external power sources have emerged as promising tools for biomedical applications, such as targeted cargo delivery (TCD), microsurgery, thrombolysis, medical imaging, etc. In particular, owing to their minimal invasiveness and capability of accessing hard‐to‐reach regions of the human body in a controllable manner, the application of UMRs for TCD is of great interest in recent years. Here, the state‐of‐the‐art UMRs in this regard are presented, focused on targeted drug and cell delivery systems. Meanwhile, this review systematically details recent research studies on the use of UMRs in TCD, containing their constituent materials (functional, scaffold, and smart materials), fabrication methods, and three types of external propulsion energy sources concerning their mechanisms and corresponding typical designs. Subsequently, various strategies for controlled drug release are summarized, as well as the latest targeted cell delivery systems and relevant cell manipulation in vitro or in ex vivo. Finally, the current challenges to clinical translation faced by the UMRs and future perspectives on this field are highlighted.
Synthesis of ZIF‐94 from Recycled Mother Liquors: Study of the Influence of Its Loading on Postcombustion CO2 Capture with Pebax Based Mixed Matrix Membranes
Authors: Hasan Md Rafiul , Paseta Lorena , Malankowska Magdalena , Téllez Carlos , Coronas Joaquín 
Published: December 2021

AbstractGlobal energy demand is met in large part, by burning of fossil fuels, which is causing global warming. Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) with metal organic frameworks (MOFs) as fillers are an interesting alternative for capturing post combustion CO2 which would make the energy sector sustainable. This research is focused on the synthesis of MOF ZIF‐94 from the recycling of its mother liquors and the incorporation of synthesized MOF into a Pebax MH 1657 for MMM fabrication. The pH and the temperature of ZIF‐94 synthesis are modified and monitored and this results in various nanoparticle diameters (average particle size in the range of 41 ± 8–180 ± 73 nm). Incorporation of ZIF‐94 significantly improves the performance of the bare Pebax MH 1657 membrane. The maximum CO2/N2 selectivity and CO2 permeability are obtained for 10 wt% ZIF‐94 loading in 9 wt% (polymer concentration in 70/30 (v/v) ethanol/water solution) Pebax MH 1657 matrix being 36 ± 7 (71% increment compared to bare membrane) and 137 ± 31 Barrer (80% improvement), respectively.
Biobridge: An Outlook on Translational Bioinks for 3D Bioprinting
Authors: Gu Yawei , Forget Aurelien , Shastri V. Prasad 
Published: December 2021

Abstract3D‐bioprinting (3DBP) possesses several elements necessary to overcome the deficiencies of conventional tissue engineering, such as defining tissue shape a priori, and serves as a bridge to clinical translation. This transformative potential of 3DBP hinges on the development of the next generation of bioinks that possess attributes for clinical use. Toward this end, in addition to physicochemical characteristics essential for printing, bioinks need to possess proregenerative attributes, while enabling printing of stable structures with a defined biological function that survives implantation and evolves in vivo into functional tissue. With a focus on bioinks for extrusion‐based bioprinting, this perspective review advocates a rigorous biology‐based approach to engineering bioinks, emphasizing efficiency, reproducibility, and a streamlined translation process that places the clinical endpoint front and center. A blueprint for engineering the next generation of bioinks that satisfy the aforementioned performance criteria for various translational levels (TRL1‐5) and a characterization tool kit is presented.
Depth Gradient Reduced Graphene Oxide Layer via Intense Pulsed Light Annealing Process for the Flexible Resistive Random Access Memory Device
Authors: Park Jong‐Whi , Moon Chang‐Jin , Ju Young‐Min , Jang Yong‐Rae , Park Simon S. , Kim Hak‐Sung 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this study, an intense pulsed light (IPL) is irradiated for reducing graphene oxide (GO) to form a flexible resistive random access memory (ReRAM). The reduced‐GO (r‐GO) thin semiconductor layer is coated using spin coating method with distilled‐water and ethanol‐based solution on the flexible bottom electrode (Cu). The irradiation conditions are optimized to obtain high retention and switching characteristics. A top electrode (Al) is formed by deposition process and the electrical characteristics of the ReRAM are measured using a parameter analyzer. The optimally reduced GO‐based ReRAM shows write‐once read‐many times (WORM) characteristics and high electrical performances such as on/off ratio (≈103), operation voltage (−4.2–4.5 V), and excellent retention properties (retention time: 108). The effect of the IPL annealing on GO layer is analyzed using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). In the analysis results, the depth gradient reduced GO layer is clearly observed. In addition, the switching mechanism of ReRAM is investigated using energy band diagram of ReRAM structure(Cu/GO/r‐GO/Al). This ReRAM device fabricated on flexible substrate (PI substrate) does not show the degradation in switching characteristics even after bending the substrate in 1000 times with a 5 mm bending radius, demonstrating excellent mechanical endurance of ReRAM device.
Covalency Competition Induced Active Octahedral Sites in Spinel Cobaltites for Enhanced Pseudocapacitive Charge Storage
Authors: Tang Pei , Gao Peng , Cui Xuehao , Chen Zhen , Fu Qingfeng , Wang Zixing , Mo Ying , Liu Hui , Xu Chaohe , Liu Jilei , Yan Jiaxu , Passerini Stefano 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSpinel cobaltites are widely presented as promising pseudocapacitive materials, however, a fundamental understanding of their structure–property relationship at an atomic level remains vague. Herein, their geometrical‐site‐dependent charge storage capability is investigated by substituting Co with inactive Zn and redox‐active Mn. Experimental and theoretical analyses reveal that redox‐active cations in octahedral sites contribute to enhanced capacitance, intrinsically determined by the covalency competition between tetrahedral and octahedral sites. The Zn2+ incorporation leads to increased occupancy of Co in octahedral sites and 2.9× increased capacitance at 1 A g−1 current density, whereas the substituted Mn cations mainly sit in octahedral sites which can react with OH− upon cycling and separate on the spinel surface to reconstruct into δ‐MnO2 nanosheets, leading to 4× increased capacitance at 1 A g−1 current density with a detected K+ ion intercalation. Thus, the exposure of redox‐active cations in octahedral sites and their intrinsic properties are influential in determining spinel oxides’ pseudocapacitive properties. This work provides a general principle to optimize the pseudocapacitive properties of spinel cobaltites by deliberately selecting cations for substitution and controlling their distribution in octahedral/tetrahedral sites. It also offers a fundamental understanding of geometrical‐site‐dependent activity, and can effectively guide the development of spinel oxides for enhanced pseudocapacitance.
Molybdenum‐Promoted Surface Reconstruction in Polymorphic Cobalt for Initiating Rapid Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Bai Juan , Mei Jun , Liao Ting , Sun Qiang , Chen Zhi‐Gang , Sun Ziqi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIt has been well recognized that the surface reconstruction of electrocatalysts at the initial stage in the form of phase transitions, defect migrations, valence regulations, etc., plays a critical role in generating real, surface active catalytic centers and achieving steady surface reactions. It is also expected that a low activation energy barrier for initiating surface reconstruction is crucial for rapid and stable electrochemical catalysis. Despite this, the surface reconstruction kinetics and their effects on catalytic reactions have been rarely investigated. Herein, using phase modulated polymorphic cobalt‐based catalysts with tailorable nitrogen‐metal bonds through a cationic molybdenum‐substitution strategy, real‐time X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) structural monitoring of the surface chemical state evolution during the catalytic reaction is performed to track the initial surface reconstruction kinetics during the alkaline oxygen evolution reaction (OER). It is concluded that the molybdenum‐modulated cobalt‐based nanocatalyst can be tuned with favorable initial surface reconstruction and stabilized active centers to reach optimized OER catalysis, accompanied by a low onset overpotential of only 210 mV and a favorable overpotential at 10 mA cm–2 of 290 mV, outperforming the commercial, noble‐metallic RuO2 catalyst. This study thus provides new conceptual insights into rationally regulating the initial surface reconstruction kinetics for high‐performance electrocatalysis reactions.
Ectodysplasin pathogenic variants affecting the furin‐cleavage site and unusual clinical features define X‐linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia in India
Authors: Chaudhary Ajay Kumar , Gholse Aishwarya , Nagarajaram Hampapathalu Adimurthy , Dalal Ashwin Bhikaji , Gupta Neerja , Dutta Atanu Kumar , Danda Sumita , Gupta Rekha , Sankar Hariharan V. , Bhavani Gandham SriLakshmi , Girisha Katta M. , Phadke Shubha Rao , Ranganath Prajnya , Bashyam Murali Dharan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) is a rare genetic disorder caused by mutational inactivation of a developmental pathway responsible for generation of tissues of ectodermal origin. The X‐linked form accounts for the majority of HED cases and is caused by Ectodysplasin (EDA) pathogenic variants. We performed a combined analysis of 29 X‐linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (XLHED) families (including 12 from our previous studies). In addition to the classical triad of symptoms including loss (or reduction) of ectodermal structures, such as hair, teeth, and sweat glands, we detected additional HED‐related clinical features including facial dysmorphism and hyperpigmentation in several patients. Interestingly, global developmental delay was identified as an unusual clinical symptom in many patients. More importantly, we identified 22 causal pathogenic variants that included 15 missense, four small in‐dels, and one nonsense, splice site, and large deletion each. Interestingly, we detected 12 unique (India‐specific) pathogenic variants. Of the 29 XLHED families analyzed, 11 (38%) harbored pathogenic variant localized to the furin cleavage site. A comparison with HGMD revealed significant differences in the frequency of missense pathogenic variants; involvement of specific exons and/or protein domains and transition/transversion ratios. A significantly higher proportion of missense pathogenic variants (33%) localized to the EDA furin cleavage when compared to HGMD (7%), of which p.R155C, p.R156C, and p.R156H were detected in three families each. Therefore, the first comprehensive analysis of XLHED from India has revealed several unique features including unusual clinical symptoms and high frequency of furin cleavage site pathogenic variants.
Psychomotor development in infants and young children with Down syndrome—A prospective, repeated measure, post‐hoc analysis
Authors: Sacco Silvia , Bouis Charles , Gallard Jennifer , Pichot Aude , Blondiaux Elodie , Marey Isabelle , Dorison Nathalie , Sturtz Franck , Cieuta‐Walti Cecile , Ravel Aimé , Mircher Clotilde 
Published: December 2021

AbstractChildren with Down syndrome (DS) show delayed acquisition of cognitive and functional skills compared to typically developing children. The objective of this study was to accurately describe early development of infants and young children (children hereafter) with DS based on a large recent sample. We carried out repeated measure analysis of the global development quotient (GDQ) and developmental age using data from the Assessment of Systematic Treatment with Folinic Acid and Thyroid Hormone on Psychomotor Development of Down Syndrome Young Children (ACTHYF) study (NCT01576705). Because there was no statistically significant difference in the primary endpoint between active treatment and placebo, data from all treatment groups were pooled for post‐hoc analysis. Data of 141 children with DS aged 6–18 months at inclusion were analyzed. Mean GDQ decreased over the study period, especially in the youngest age classes ([6–9] and [9–12] months), indicating that acquisition of skills occurred at a slower pace compared to typically developing children. Strongest deficits were observed for motor and hearing and language skills. Only GDQ at baseline correlated significantly with evolution of GDQ. Future studies should aim at elucidating the mechanisms underlying motor and language development. Early pharmacological interventions together with early childhood therapies might be necessary to improve the developmental trajectory of children with DS.
Reductive Alkylation of Alkenyl Acetates with Alkyl Bromides by Nickel Catalysis
Authors: He Rong‐De , Bai Yunfei , Han Guan‐Yu , Zhao Zhen‐Zhen , Pang Xiaobo , Pan Xiaobo , Liu Xue‐Yuan , Shu Xing‐Zhong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCatalytic alkylation of stable alkenyl C−O electrophiles is synthetically appealing, but studies to date have typically focused on the reactions with alkyl Grignard reagents. We report herein a cross‐electrophile reaction of alkenyl acetates with alkyl bromides. This work has enabled a new method for the synthesis of aliphatic alkenes from alkenyl acetates to be established that can be used to add more structural complexity and molecular diversity with enhanced functionality tolerance. The method allows for a gram‐scale reaction and modification of biologically active molecules, and it affords access to useful building blocks. Preliminary mechanistic studies reveal that the NiI species plays an essential role for the success of the coupling of these two reactivity‐mismatched electrophiles.
A Supramolecular Polymer Constituted of Antiaromatic NiII Norcorroles
Authors: Ukai Shusaku , Takamatsu Aiko , Nobuoka Masaki , Tsutsui Yusuke , Fukui Norihito , Ogi Soichiro , Seki Shu , Yamaguchi Shigehiro , Shinokubo Hiroshi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractFor the creation of next‐generation organic electronic materials, the integration of π‐systems has recently become a central theme. Such functional materials can be assembled by supramolecular polymerization when aromatic π‐systems are used as monomers, and the properties of the resulting supramolecular polymer strongly depend on the electronic structure of the monomers. Here, we demonstrate the construction of a supramolecular polymer consisting of an antiaromatic π‐system as the monomer. An amide‐functionalized NiII norcorrole derivative formed a one‐dimensional supramolecular polymer through π‐π stacking and hydrogen‐bonding interactions, ensuring the persistency of the conducting pathway against thermal perturbation, which results in higher charge mobility along the tightly bound linear aggregates than that of the aromatic analogue composed of ZnII porphyrins.
Synthesis of waterborne polyurethane nanocomposite adhesives of bio‐based polyol from rapeseed cake residual and cellulose nanowhisker
Authors: Mosayebi Maryam , Sadeghi Gity Mir Mohamad , Jamjah Roghieh 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this research work, we synthesize a series of waterborne polyurethane (WPU) bio‐nanocomposite adhesives from bio‐based polyols, extracted from rapeseed cake residual (RCR) by oxypropylation procedure, and cellulose nanowhisker (CNW). The hydroxyl‐ (OH) number of the polyols, as the first variable parameter, is controlled through tuning oxypropylation degree by changing propylene oxide (PO) to RCR ratio. From the four prepared polyols, WPU of Polyol‐2 (WPU2) shows the most significant shear strength for wood and glass adhesion substrates. Polyurethane nanocomposites of CNW, with three different weight contents of 0.25, 0.50, and 1.0%, are prepared from WPU2, as the optimum WPU, and the WPU2 nanocomposite of WPU2‐0.50 wt% show the highest shear strength for all types of the substrates. For the WPU2 and WPU2‐0.50 wt% adhesives, the wood‐wood substrate show a high shear strength of 12.8 and 15.1 MPa, respectively. This work revealed that the shear strength of the adhesives and their failure mechanisms are affected by the structural parameters, OH‐number, and CNW content.
Synthesis and application of aminosiloxane‐modified cationic waterborne polyurethane as fixing agent for nylon fabric
Authors: Jiang Junhao , Bu Guangjiu , Yin Yunjie , Wang Chaoxia 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn order to make up for the lack of washing fastness and chlorinated water fastness of nylon dyed with acid dyes, an aminosiloxane modified cationic waterborne polyurethane (KWPU) with the ability to reversibly adsorb chloride ions was synthesized. N‐methyldiethanolamine and ethylenediamine was used as chain extender. N‐aminoethyl‐γ‐aminopropyltrimethoxysilane was used to block the remaining isocyanate groups and provide secondary amine groups for reversible adsorption of chloride ions. The structure of KWPU was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), 1H NMR, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Particle size and zeta potential were tested to evaluate the emulsion stability. The research results showed that when the N‐methyl diethanolamine content was 14%, the water absorption rate of KWPU film was 82.1%, and when the KH‐792 content was 6%, the water absorption rate of KWPU was 34.8%. The addition of siloxane can significantly improve the thermal resistance of the KWPU film. The color fastness of the dyed nylon fabric treated with KWPU emulsion was significantly improved, the rubbing fastness was improved by 0.5 or 1 grade, the washing fastness was improved by 1 grade, and the fastness to chlorinated water was improved by 1.5 or 2 grade.
Evaluation of liquid rubber content and molecular weight on rheological properties of asphalt
Authors: Li Chen , Ma Feng , Fu Zhen , Dai Jiasheng , Shi Ke , Wen Yalu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTo evaluate the effect of liquid styrene‐butadiene rubber (LSBR) on the rheological performance of bitumen, LSBRs with molecular weights of 20,000 (LA) and 50,000 g/mol (LB) are blended into the virgin bitumen. The rheological effect regarding LSBR content and the molecular weight of the bitumen was then conducted by dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) test and a bending beam rheometer (BBR) test, respectively. Short‐term and long‐term aging tests were used to simulate the asphalt aging with modification of LSBR, and the variations of asphalts function groups were detected by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR). Results indicate that LSBR reduces the rutting and ageing resistance of the virgin bitumen. However, the blended LA and LB extensively enhance the crack resistance at low temperatures. Moreover, the LB modifier improves the fatigue performance of the asphalt more evidently, followed by LA, particularly at 2% mixing content (by weight of the virgin). Compared with LA, the added LB causes more deteriorating impact bitumen's rutting resistance, whereas LB increases the crack resistance at low temperatures. Of note, the LB‐modified bitumen exhibits less ageing sensitivity than the LA‐modified bitumen under a short‐term ageing simulation. However, the LA‐modified bitumen is less sensitive to the long‐term ageing test.