bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implicaciones de la enfermería pediátrica para la niñez y la adolescencia durante la pandemia por COVID-19
Authors: Quezada Ugalde Ana María 
Published: June 2021

Introducción: la enfermería pediátrica se enfoca en el cuidado de la niñez y de la adolescencia, posicionándose como un recurso que comprende de manera empática a estas poblaciones y facilita la conjunta satisfacción de las necesidades de salud en sus diferentes contextos de atención (individual, familiar, comunitario o social).Objetivo: analizar algunas de las implicaciones de la enfermería pediátrica durante la emergencia sanitaria por COVID-19.Síntesis de contenido: se exponen algunas implicaciones de la enfermería pediátrica, como, por ejemplo, el mejoramiento de los estilos de vida a través del uso de herramientas “online” apropiadas para cada grupo etario. Por ello, el desarrollo de una investigación debe orientar la elaboración de recursos de información sobre una enfermedad determinada y cómo prevenirla, con lo cual se busca promover un rol educativo y de asesoría más activo que permita satisfacer las necesidades imperantes en la población pediátrica.Conclusiones: las implicaciones del cuidado de la enfermería pediátrica para la niñez y la adolescencia deben basarse en evidencia científica acorde a los intereses de esta población y el trabajo interdisciplinario de los profesionales en el área.
Thread-based wearable devices
Authors: Xia Junfei , Khaliliazar Shirin , Hamedi Mahiar Max , Sonkusale Sameer 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOne-dimensional substrates such as textile fibers and threads offer an excellent opportunity to realize sensors, actuators, energy harvesters/storage, microfluidics, and advanced therapies. A new generation of wearable devices made from smart threads offer ultimate flexibility and seamless integration with the human body and the garments that adorn them. This article reviews the state of the art in thread-based wearable devices for monitoring human activity and performance, diagnoses and manages medical conditions, and provides new and improved human–machine interfaces. In the area of new and improved human–machine interfaces, it discusses novel computing platforms enabled using thread-based electronics and batteries/capacitors. For physical activity monitoring, a review of wearable devices using strain sensing threads is provided. Thread-based devices that can monitor health from biological fluids such as total analysis systems, wearable sweat sensing patches, and smart sutures/smart bandages are also included. The article concludes with an outlook on how fibers and threads are expected to impact and revolutionize the next generation of wearable devices. Knowledge gaps and emerging opportunities are presented.Graphic Abstract
Una ordinaria rarefazione. Brevi cenni sul nesso tra tecnologia e natura umana nell’orizzonte del transumanesimo
Authors: Scarafile Giovanni 
Published: June 2021

Nel saggio si tenta una ricognizione dell’impatto delle piu recenti affermazioni della tecnologia sulla vita quotidiana. Da un lato, sembra di assistere ad una diminuzione dello spirito critico di cui e cifra quel sentimento di generale plausibilita che accompagna gli sviluppi delle tecnologie; dall’altro, non si puo fare a meno di constatare come vengano di fatto imponendosi ridefinizioni, spesso ideologicamente orientate, di componenti dell’umano mediante cui il progetto transumanista sembra farsi strada.
Alla luce di tali riscontri, le trasformazioni del paradigma dell’esperienza sembrano cosi accreditare un superamento del tradizionale modello dell’homo sapiens in direzione di una completa svalutazione del ruolo della natura ed a favore di cio che e stato definito ≪persona creatus≫. Il saggio si propone una valutazione critica di tali sviluppi.
A PERCEPÇÃO DOS PROFISSIONAIS DA ÁREA DE RECURSOS HUMANOS, A RESPEITO DAS AÇÕES DE ENDOMARKETING PROMOVIDAS POR UMA EMPRESA DO RAMO METALÚRGICO
Authors: Maschio Gilioli Rosecler , Werner Camila 
Published: June 2021

<p>Endomarketing é um conjunto de inúmeras ferramentas que são utilizadas para a gestão de pessoas. Para auxiliar na identificação da percepção dos funcionários, bem como sugerir melhorias às empresas, é fundamental o desenvolvimento de um estudo sobre as estratégias de endomarketing utilizadas pelas empresas no geral e principalmente as estratégias utilizadas pela empresa alvo deste estudo. Diante disto, o presente documento objetiva identificar qual é a percepção dos profissionais da área de recursos humanos, a respeito das ações de endomarketing promovidas por uma empresa do ramo metalúrgico. Para tanto, foram realizadas 16 entrevistas de natureza qualitativa e nível exploratório, com funcionárias deste setor, e após foi analisado por meio de análise de discurso, as falas expostas. De maneira geral as ações de endomarketing da empresa estão em um alto nível de desenvolvimento. Com esta pesquisa percebe-se que uma boa comunicação interna é de extrema importância, bem como a motivação dos funcionários, o que traz inúmeros benefícios tanto para a empresa quanto aos colaboradores.</p>
The Impact of Covid-19 containment on community pharmaceutical spending in Andalusia - Spain
Authors: Florido Alba Francisco , García-Agua Nuria , Martín Reyes Angel , Clavero Barranquero Antonio , Garcia Ruiz Antonio J. 
Published: June 2021

Background: In the field of health, the year 2020 will be remembered for testing (stressing) all health institutions and their forms of management (centralised and decentralised). The everyday activity of primary and hospital care was significantly altered by the introduction of telephone consultations, which reduce the number of visits to health centres or hospitals and are still relevant today in the face of successive waves of the pandemic.
Objective: To analyse whether population confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on the dispensing of medications in community pharmacies and the associated spending during the period March-July 2020 in Andalusia (Spain).
Methods: A time series analysis applying econometric model analysis techniques to confirm or rule out whether the lockdown caused by the COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on the dispensing of medications by community pharmacies and the associated expenditures. The variables used were the number of medication containers dispensed by community pharmacies (charged to the public funds of the Spanish National Health System) and the expenditure on prescription drugs, both in relation to the population. The analysis was performed within the region of Andalusia, which has 8,464,441 inhabitants.
Results: The data obtained from the time series confirmed that there were no significant differences during the studied period between the number of medication containers actually dispensed and the number that would have been expected to be dispensed according to the trend in this variable for the sample period. The expenditure results followed the same pattern.
Conclusions: The health crisis produced by the COVID-19 lockdown had no impact on medication consumption in Andalusia.
Association Between Knee Alignment and Meniscal Tear in Pediatric Patients with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury
Authors: Kawashima Itaru , Kawai Ryosuke , Ishizuka Shinya , Hiraiwa Hideki , Tsukahara Takashi , Imagama Shiro 
Published: June 2021

Background:
The present study aimed to evaluate the association between elapsed time from anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury to surgical treatment and the incidence of meniscal tears in a cohort of patients ≤16 years old with varus-aligned and non-varus-aligned knees.

Methods:
The study cohort included 123 patients ≤16 years old who underwent primary ACL reconstruction between January 2016 and March 2020. Knee alignment was expressed as the hip-knee-ankle angle (HKAA), as measured preoperatively on an anteroposterior view of 3-dimensional computed tomography of the full length of the lower limb. Varus alignment was defined as an HKAA ≥181.0°, and non-varus alignment was defined as an HKAA <181.0°. Patients were divided into groups according to knee alignment and the elapsed time from injury to surgical treatment: early-treatment group (<60 days) and delayed-treatment group (≥60 days).

Results:
A total of 64 varus-aligned and 59 non-varus-aligned knees were identified. Among patients with varus-aligned knees, those in the delayed-treatment group showed a significantly lower rate of lateral meniscal tears (6 of 30, 20%) compared with those in the early-treatment group (17 of 34, 50%; p = 0.015). Among patients with non-varus-aligned knees, there was no significant difference in meniscal tears of any type between the early and delayed-treatment groups. Among patients without medial meniscal injury identified on initial magnetic resonance imaging, those with varus-aligned knees in the delayed-treatment group showed a significantly higher rate of medial meniscal tears at the time of the surgical procedure (8 of 20, 40%) compared with those with non-varus-aligned knees (1 of 18, 6%; p = 0.015).

Conclusions:
Delayed ACL reconstruction in patients ≤16 years old with varus-aligned knees might be associated with an increased incidence of secondary medial meniscal tears. Accordingly, earlier ACL reconstruction in patients with varus-aligned knees should be considered.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Strategies for Effective Implementation of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Arthroplasty Practice
Authors: Franklin Patricia D. , Bond Christina P. , Rothrock Nan E. , Cella David 
Published: June 2021

Abstract:Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) will be an important component of real-world evidence, but best practices for capture and integration are not yet defined. While digital tools support patients, clinicians, and researchers to collect PROMs, PROM capture in clinical care remains challenging. We synthesized PROM implementation strategies that are successfully used by hundreds of arthroplasty surgeons and early PROM-adopter clinical systems. This information can guide health systems that are preparing to implement PROMs to inform clinical care, drive quality-improvement activities, and support reporting for payer-sponsored incentives. Specific information is included to guide each step in the implementation process, including selecting PROMs, redesigning office procedures, programming of information technology, and informing interpretation and clinical use. While no one solution exists for successful PROM implementation in total hip and total knee replacement, referred to as total joint replacement, these guidelines can inform optimal PROM deployment and the capture of complete PROM data. In addition, we outline future research that is needed to define methods for optimal patient engagement, technology infrastructure, and operational systems to seamlessly integrate PROM collection in clinical care.
Effects of Turbulent Atmosphere on the Propagation Properties of Vortex Hermite-cosine-hyperbolic-Gaussian Beams
Authors: Hricha Zoubir , Lazrek Mohammed , Yaalou Mohammed , Belafhal Abdelmajid 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The propagation properties of a vortex Hermite-cosh-Gaussian beam (vHChGB) in atmospheric turbulence are investigated based on the extended Huygens–Fresnel diffraction integral and Rytov method. The analytical formula for the average intensity of a vHChGB propagating in turbulent atmosphere is derived in detail. The influence of the turbulence strength on the intensity distribution under the change of beam parameters conditions is illustrated numerically and discussed. Results show the profile of the initial vHChGB remains unchanged within small propagation distance range, and at certain propagation distance a central peak intensity appears, and finally the beam evolves into Gaussian profile–like in far-field. The rising speed of the central peak intensity is faster when the turbulence strength is larger or the beam parameters such as the beam order, the vortex charge and the Gaussian waist width are smaller. With a small decentered parameter b, the beam profile changes faster as the wavelength is larger, whereas the reverse behavior occurs when b is large. The obtained results may be useful for the practical applications of vHChGB in optical communications and remote sensing.
In vitro Silencing of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase beta (ACACB) Gene Reduces Cholesterol Synthesis in Knockdown Chicken Myoblast Cells
Authors: Sushma G. , Laxmi P. Jaya , Rao S.T. Viroji , Prasad R.M.V. , Kanakachari M. , Prasad Ch. Shiva , Prasad A. Rajendra , Divya D. , Bhattacharya Tarun Kumar 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The poultry industry provides cost-effective, healthy, and protein-enriched food for the growing population and achieving the nutritional security to the country. Excessive abdominal and subcutaneous fat deposition is one of the major setbacks to the poultry industry that reduces carcass yield and feed efficiency. In chicken abdominal fat constitutes 20% of total body fat which make up 2–3% of live weight of the bird. In fatty acid metabolism, acetyl-CoA Carboxylase (ACC) is one of the key enzymes with two isoforms i.e. ACACA and ACACB each of which plays a different role. In chicken, ACACB is involved in the β-oxidation of fatty acids and thereby potentially regulating the quality of meat and egg. The RNAi strategy is widely used for silencing the target gene expression. In this study, we designed five shRNA constructs and identified the most efficient shRNA molecule for silencing the ACACB gene under in vitro chicken embryo myoblast (CEM) primary cell culture system. After knocking down the ACACB gene, for understanding how fatty acid metabolism is regulated, we tracked the expression of key fatty acid metabolism genes like ACACA, FASN, SCD, ELOVL2, and CPT1. Also, checked the expression of immune response genes like IFNA, IFNB, and BLB1 in control as well as ACACB knockdown myoblast cells and observed no significant difference. We observed the down-regulation of key fatty acid metabolism genes along with ACACB, which may leads to the less fat accumulation in CEM cells. We also estimated the cholesterol and triglycerides in control and ACACB knockdown myoblast cells and found a significant difference between control and the knockdown cells. In vitro knockdown of the ACACB gene in a cell culture system by a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) expressing construct would help to produce a knockdown chicken with reduced fat deposition.
Influences Of Heider Balance On Knowledge, Attitude, Practice And Life Quality In Permanent Urostomy Patients
Authors: Zou Hao-yu , Zhang Liu-yi , Qin Yue-lan , Li Ping , Zhang Li , Yang Ke 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective: To explore the influences of out-hospital intervention based on Heider balance on knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP) and life quality in permanent urostomy patients.Methods: Totally 124 patients underwent permanent urostomy in our hospital from January 2016 to December 2019 were included into this study. These patients were divided into the observation group (62 cases) and the control group (62 cases) according to the method of out-hospital intervention. The control group received routine out-hospital intervention, meanwhile the observation group received out-hospital intervention based on Heider balance. The standard-reaching rate of KAP, the score of WHO quality of life-100 (WHOQOL-100) and the complications of urostomy before discharge and at 6 months after discharge were compared in the two groups.Results: Before discharge, there were no significant differences of standard-reaching rate of KAP and WHOQOL-100 score between the two groups (P>0.05). At 6 months after discharge, the standard-reaching rates of the 16 items of KAP (including procedure of pouch replacement, methods of connecting and shutting of pouch, dealing with pouch leakage, skin care of stoma, purchase and storage of pouch, etc.) in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group; The scores of more than 10 items of WHOQOL-100 (including energy and fatigue, sleep and rest, positive feelings, thinking, learning, memory and concentration, self-esteem, etc.) in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The rate of complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, all these above differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion: The out-hospital intervention based on Heider balance can reduce the rate of ostomy complications, improve KAP of urostomy and life quality. These merits make the Heider balance to be an attractive approach in guidance of out-hospital intervention for urostomy patients.
Methodological Comparisons of Absorptive and Transport Fine Root Production, Mortality and Decomposition in A Loblolly Pine Plantation Forest
Authors: Li Xuefeng , Zheng Xingbo , Zhou Quanlai , Gavazzi Michael , Shan Yanlong , McNulty Steve , King John S. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background and aims Fine roots can be functionally classified into an absorptive fine root pool (AFR) and a transport fine root pool (TFR) and their production, mortality and decomposition play a critical role in forest soil carbon (C) cycling. Different methods give significant estimates. However, how methodological difference affects AFT and TFR production, mortality, and decomposition estimates remains unclear, impeding us to accurately construct soil C budgets. Methods We used dynamic-flow model, a model combining measurements of litterbags and soil cores, and balanced-hybrid model, a model combining measurements of minirhizotrons and soil cores, to quantify these fine root estimates in a managed loblolly pine forest. Results Temporal changes in production, mortality or decomposition estimates using both models were not different for both AFRs and TFRs. Annual production, mortality, and decomposition were comparable between AFRs and TFRs when measured using the dynamic-flow model but significantly higher for AFRs than for TFRs when measured using the balanced-hybrid model. Annual production, mortality and decomposition estimates using the balanced-hybrid model were 75%, 71% and 69% higher than those using the dynamic-flow model (P < 0.05 for all), respectively, for AFRs, but 12%, 6% and 5% higher than those using the dynamic-flow model (P > 0.05 for all), respectively, for TFRs. Model test showed that the balanced-hybrid model had greater estimation accuracy than the dynamic-flow model. Lower AFR estimates using the dynamic-flow model appeared to result from the underestimated AFR mass loss rate induced by the litterbag method. Conclusions Methodological difference had a more significant impact on AFR estimates than on TFR estimates. These results have important implications for better quantifying the most dynamic fraction of fine root system and understanding soil C cycling.
Self-Excited Air Flow Passage Changing Device for Periodic Pressurization of Soft Robot
Authors: Takayama Toshio , Sumi Yusuke 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Recently pneumatic-driven soft robots have been widely developed. Usually, the operating principle of this robot is the inflation and deflation of elastic inflatable chambers by air pressure. Some soft robots need rapid and periodic inflation and deflation of their air chambers to generate continuous motion such as progress motion or rotational motion. However, if the soft robot needs to operate far from the air pressure source, long air tubes are required to supply air pressure to its air chambers. As a result, there is a large delay in supplying air pressure to the air chamber, and the motion of the robot slow down. In this paper, we propose a compact device that changes its airflow passages by self-excited motion generated by a supply of continuous airflow. The diameter and the length of the device are 20 and 50 mm, respectively, and can be driven in a small pipe. Our proposed in-pipe mobile robot is connected to the device and can move in a small pipe by dragging the device into it. To apply the device widely to other soft robots, we also discuss a method of adjusting the output pressure and motion frequency.
Parents’ Perspectives Towards Novel Paediatric Medication Formulations: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Jeon Andy , Han Ellen , Lee Kenneth , Sommerfield Aine , Lim Lee Yong , Sommerfield David , von Ungern-Sternberg Britta S 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: The availability of age-appropriate, taste-masked oral medications for the paediatric population is currently inadequate. We have developed a novel chocolate-based drug delivery platform to taste mask bitter drugs commonly utilised in the hospital setting, but there is limited evidence regarding parent’s perspectives on these medications. Aim: To identify key themes regarding parents’ perspectives on taste-masked medications that look like confectionary. Additionally, to explore and identify the various barriers and facilitators to using oral medication among the paediatric population. Methods: Qualitative descriptive study (July to August 2020) at a single tertiary paediatric hospital (Perth Children’s Hospital - PCH). Parents with at least one child (2 – 18 years) that underwent any elective operation at PCH were included in the study. Ethics approval: CAHS - RGS0000003680. Results: The two primary themes that underpinned parent’s perspectives on taste-masked medications that look like confectionary were medication safety and taste. Majority of parents supported the use of the proposed medication on the basis that the favourable taste profile will facilitate oral consumption, as opposed to their previous experiences with conventional paediatric medications that do not taste mask the bitter flavour. However, medication safety, in the forms of patient education and appropriate packaging, must be considered to minimise harmful misuse of the proposed medication. Conclusion: Participants unanimously support the short-term use of taste-masked medications that look like confectionary, particularly in the hospital setting. However, patient education is highly sought after by parents regarding the role of these medications, to ensure medication safety with their children.
The Associations Of Healthy Lifestyle Index With Breast Cancer Incidence And Mortality In A Population-Based Study
Authors: Li Qian , Lesseur Corina , Neugut Alfred I. , Santella Regina M. , Parada Humberto , Teitelbaum Susan , Chen Jia 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate how a healthy lifestyle index (HLI) is associated with breast cancer risk and survival in a population-based breast cancer study.Methods: The study included 1,319 breast cancer cases and 1,310 controls from the population-based Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project, and its follow-up study of mortality. We determined vital status using the National Death Index (521 deaths, 210 from breast cancer; median follow-up 214.5 months). A healthy lifestyle index (HLI) score, was generated from information on body fatness, physical activity, intake of plant and animal foods, alcohol consumption, breastfeeding and smoking, with higher values representing engagement in healthier behaviors. Multivariable logistic and Cox regression were used to estimate breast cancer odds ratios (ORs) mortality hazards ratios (HRs), respectively.Results: Compared to women in the low HLI tertile, women in the intermediate (OR=0.78, 95%CI=0.65-0.94) and high (OR=0.68, 95%CI=0.56-0.83) tertiles had a decreased odds of breast cancer, and a one-point increase in HLI score was associated a reduction in breast cancer risk (OR=0.85, 95%CI=0.79–0.92). Women in the intermediate (HR=0.75, 95%CI=0.61-0.91) and high (HR=0.74, 95%CI=0.60-0.92) tertiles had a decreased rate of all-cause mortality, and a one-point increase in HLI score was associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality (HR=0.83, 95%CI =0.76-0.91). These associations were significant among postmenopausal.Conclusion: A healthy lifestyle may be beneficial in reducing breast cancer risk and improving overall survival after breast cancer diagnosis, especially among postmenopausal women.