bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of dermatocosmetics and accompanying care in patients with psoriasis
Authors: Kruglova L. S. , Rudneva N. S. 
Published: December 2021

Dermatocosmetics plays an important role in psoriasis and is used in various dosage forms, depending on the localization of the process and with various active molecules that provide keratolytic, anti-inflammatory and moisturizing effects. Pierre Fabre company has developed the Kertyol P. S.O. (shampoo and concentrate for topical use), which provides additional skin care for psoriasis.Material and methods. 28 patients with psoriasis vulgaris with localization of the process on smooth skin and scalp were under observation. In all patients, the process corresponded to mild severity (PASI < 10 points). On smooth skin, patients used calcipotriol (one time per day) and Kertyol P. S.O. The drug was applied twice a day (morning and evening) to psoriatic plaques on the body for 4 weeks. Shampoo Kertyol P. S.O. was used 3 times a week for 4 weeks in conjunction with a local drug (hydrocortisone one time per day). Research results. Against the background of therapy with localization on smooth skin, after one week, there was a positive trend in relation to peeling, infiltration and erythema: the PASI index decreased by 13.0 %, in 4 weeks by 67.2 %. When localized on the scalp after a week, the PASI index decreased by 21.4 %, to the end of the observation period by 80.9 %. After 4 weeks of therapy, with localization on smooth skin, the VAS decreased by 77.2 % points, with localization on the scalp by 73.1 %. In general, for the group, DIKZH improved by 73.7 %. All the patients noted good organoleptic properties of dermatocosmetics, ease of use.Conclusion. Kertyol P. S.O. can be recommended as an adjuvant therapy for psoriasis of smooth skin and scalp.
Evaluation of effectiveness of combined use of COC and topical preparation containing azelaic acid for acne
Authors: Kruglova L. S. , Gryazeva N. V. 
Published: December 2021

The article presents the results of evaluating the effectiveness of the combined use of combined oral contraceptives (COC) and Skinoren cream in severe papular-pustular and moderate nodular-cystic acne.Material and methods. Patients of the first group (n = 11) used COC and an external antibacterial drug two times a day for the treatment of acne. Patients of the second group (n = 12) used COC and an external drug containing azelaic acid (Skinoren) for the treatment of acne two times a day. The duration of follow-up was 6 months. The efficiency assessment was carried out taking into account the dynamics of the indicators of the IGA (Investors Global Assessment) scale. The Manchester Scar Scale (MSS) was used to assess the effectiveness of post-acne correction. In addition, the effectiveness was evaluated based on the results of the mexametry.Results. When evaluating IGA in the comparison groups in patients with severe papulopustular acne and moderate nodular cystic acne, comparable efficacy was noted, but the best results were recorded in the COC + Skinoren group (p < 0.05). No effect and deterioration of the condition were observed in any group. When assessing MSS, the most pronounced changes were observed in patients of group 2, where the combination of COC + Skinoren was used. So, in group 1, the severity of scars decreased by 42.3 %, in group 2 by 48.2 % (p < 0.05). The evaluation of the results of the mexametry showed a more pronounced decrease in the amount of pigment in patients from group 2. When studying the results of the severity of erythema, the dynamics similar to the severity of the pigment was obtained. The best result was registered in group 2 (COC + Skinoren) (p < 0.05).Conclusions. The combined use of COC and Skinoren cream for severe papular-pustular and moderate nodular-cystic acne has proven to be an effective method both in relation to the number of inflammatory and retention elements, and in relation to hyperpigmentation.
Effect of Different Cultivation Modes (Photoautotrophic, Mixotrophic, and Heterotrophic) on the Growth of Chlorella sp. and Biocompositions
Authors: Yun Hyun-Sik , Kim Young-Saeng , Yoon Ho-Sung 
Published: December 2021

In the past, biomass production using microalgae culture was dependent on inorganic carbon sources as microalgae are photosynthetic organisms. However, microalgae utilize both organic and inorganic carbon sources, such as glucose. Glucose is an excellent source of organic carbon that enhances biomass yield and the content of useful substances in microalgae. In this study, photoautotrophic, mixotrophic, and heterotrophic cultivation conditions were applied to three well-known strains of Chlorella (KNUA104, KNUA114, and KNUA122) to assess biomass productivity, and compositional changes (lipid, protein, and pigment) were evaluated in BG11 media under photoautotrophic, mixotrophic, and heterotrophic conditions utilizing different initial concentrations of glucose (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 g L−1). Compared to the photoautotrophic condition (biomass yield: KNUA104, 0.35 ± 0.04 g/L/d; KNUA114, 0.40 ± 0.08 g/L/d; KNUA122, 0.38 ± 0.05 g/L/d) glucose was absent, and the biomass yield improved in the mixotrophic (glucose: 20 g L−1; biomass yield: KNUA104, 2.99 ± 0.10 g/L/d; KNUA114, 5.18 ± 0.81 g/L/d; KNUA122, 5.07 ± 0.22 g/L/d) and heterotrophic conditions (glucose: 20 g L−1; biomass yield: KNUA104, 1.72 ± 0.26 g/L/d; KNUA114, 4.26 ± 0.27 g/L/d; KNUA122, 4.32 ± 0.32 g/L/d). All strains under mixotrophic and heterotrophic conditions were optimally cultured when 15–20 g L−1 initial glucose was provided. Although bioresourse productivity improved under both mixotrophic and heterotrophic conditions where mixotrophic conditions were found to be optimal as the yields of lipid and pigment were also enhanced. Protein content was less affected by the presence of light or the concentration of glucose. Under mixotrophic conditions, the highest lipid content (glucose: 15 g L−1; lipid content: 68.80 ± 0.54%) was obtained with Chlorella vulgaris KNUA104, and enhanced pigment productivity of Chlorella sorokiniana KNUA114 and KNUA122 (additional pigment yield obtained with 15 g L−1 glucose: KNUA 114, 0.33 ± 0.01 g L−1; KNUA122, 0.21 ± 0.01 g L−1). Also, saturated fatty acid (SFA) content was enhanced in all strains (SFA: KNUA104, 29.76 ± 1.31%; KNUA114, 37.01 ± 0.98%; KNUA122, 33.37 ± 0.17%) under mixotrophic conditions. These results suggest that mixotrophic cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris and Chlorella sorokiniana could improve biomass yield and the raw material quality of biomass.
Autocrine Exosomal Fibulin-1 as a Target of MiR-1269b Induces Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Proximal Tubule in Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Tsai Yi-Chun , Hung Wei-Wen , Chang Wei-An , Wu Ping-Hsun , Wu Ling-Yu , Lee Su-Chu , Kuo Mei-Chuan , Hsu Ya-Ling 
Published: December 2021

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is an increasing threat to human health and is regarded to be the leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide. Exosomes deliver biomolecule massages and may play a key role in cell communication and the progression of DN.Methods: A cross-disciplinary study, including in vivo, in vitro, and human studies, was conducted to explore the cross-talk within proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) in DN. Exosomal protein from PTECs treated with high glucose (HG) was purified and examined using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was utilized to analyze RNAs extracted from PTECs from a type 2 diabetic patient and a normal individual. HK-2 cells were used to assess exosomal protein and its modulation and biofunction in DN. Normal individuals and type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled, and nondiabetic db/m mice and diabetic db/db mice were used to validate the molecular mechanism of exosomes in DN.Results: HG stimulated PTECs to increase Fibulin-1 (FBLN1) expression, and PTECs secreted FBLN1 through exosome delivery, thereby inducing epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in PTECs. Transcriptome analysis found that FBLN1 expression was modulated by miR-1269b, which was downregulated by HG in HK-2 cells. While transfection of miR-1269b reversed FBLN1-mediated EMT in PTECs, miR-1269b inhibitor modulated the phenotype of PTECs toward mesenchymal type under normal glucose (NG) condition. Most importantly, urinary FBLN1 and exosomal miR-1269b levels were correlated with the severity of kidney injury in type 2 diabetic patients.Conclusion: This study demonstrated the communication within PTECs through exosome transmission in an autocrine pattern. MiR-1269b–FBLN1 epigenetic regulatory network could be a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent the progression of DN.
Temperature-Dependent Influence of FliA Overexpression on PHL628 E. coli Biofilm Growth and Composition
Authors: Buck Luke D. , Paladino Maddison M. , Nagashima Kyogo , Brezel Emma R. , Holtzman Joshua S. , Urso Sarel J. , Ryno Lisa M. 
Published: December 2021

Biofilm growth and survival pose a problem in both medical and industrial fields. Bacteria in biofilms are more tolerant to antibiotic treatment due to the inability of antibiotics to permeate to the bottom layers of cells in a biofilm and the creation of altered microenvironments of bacteria deep within the biofilm. Despite the abundance of information we have about E. coli biofilm growth and maturation, we are still learning how manipulating different signaling pathways influences the formation and fitness of biofilm. Understanding the impact of signaling pathways on biofilm formation may narrow the search for novel small molecule inhibitors or activators that affect biofilm production and stability. Here, we study the influence of the minor sigma transcription factor FliA (RpoF, sigma-28), which controls late-stage flagellar assembly and chemotaxis, on biofilm production and composition at various temperatures in the E. coli strain PHL628, which abundantly produces the extracellular structural protein curli. We examined FliA’s influence on external cellular structures like curli and flagella and the biomolecular composition of the biofilm’s extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) using biochemical assays, immunoblotting, and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). At 37°C, FliA overexpression results in the dramatic growth of biofilm in polystyrene plates and more modest yet significant biofilm growth on silica slides. We observed no significant differences in curli concentration and carbohydrate concentration in the EPS with FliA overexpression. Still, we did see significant changes in the abundance of EPS protein using CLSM at higher growth temperatures. We also noticed increased flagellin concentration, a major structural protein in flagella, occurred with FliA overexpression, specifically in planktonic cultures. These experiments have aided in narrowing our focus to FliA’s role in changing the protein composition of the EPS, which we will examine in future endeavors.
One-Stop Hybrid Coronary Revascularization Versus Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Patients With Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Li Dongjie , Guo Yulin , Gao Yingdi , An Xiangguang , Liu Yan , Gu Song , Zhang Xitao , Zhong Jiuchang , Gao Jie , Su Pixiong 
Published: December 2021

Background: Data on one-stop hybrid coronary revascularization (HCR) are limited. This study aimed to compare the early and midterm outcomes of one-stop HCR with off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease.Methods: From April 2018 to May 2021, 752 patients with multivessel coronary artery disease who underwent isolated one-stop HCR or OPCAB were retrospectively included in this analysis. After exclusion and propensity score matching, 151 patients who underwent HCR were matched with 151 patients who underwent OPCAB. The primary endpoints were midterm major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) after the procedure. The secondary endpoints were in-hospital complications and outcomes.Results: The preprocedural characteristics were well balanced between the two groups after matching. The HCR group was associated with a lower rate of perioperative transfusion (23.8 vs. 53.0%, p &lt; 0.001) and new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) (5.3 vs. 15.2%, p = 0.004), shorter time of mechanical ventilation (h) [15 (16, 17) vs. 17 (16, 20), p &lt; 0.001], and shorter length of stay (LOS) in the hospital (days) [19 (16, 24) vs. 22 (18, 27), p = 0.001]. Cumulated MACCE rates were similar between the two groups (15.9 vs. 14.0%, p = 0.59) during a median follow-up of 20 months.Conclusions: One-stop HCR is safe and efficacious with less invasiveness and faster postoperative recovery in selected patients with multivessel coronary artery disease. Randomized controlled trials with larger sample sizes and long-term follow-up are warranted to confirm these findings.
Prognostic Value of Late Enhanced Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Derived Texture Features in Dilated Cardiomyopathy Patients With Severely Reduced Ejection Fractions
Authors: Shu Shenglei , Wang Cheng , Hong Ziming , Zhou Xiaoyue , Zhang Tianjng , Peng Qinmu , Wang Jing , Zheng Chuansheng 
Published: December 2021

Background: Late enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) images of the left ventricular myocardium contain an enormous amount of information that could provide prognostic value beyond that of late gadolinium enhancements (LGEs). With computational postprocessing and analysis, the heterogeneities and variations of myocardial signal intensities can be interpreted and measured as texture features. This study aimed to evaluate the value of texture features extracted from late enhanced CMR images of the myocardium to predict adverse outcomes in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and severe systolic dysfunction.Methods: This single-center study retrospectively enrolled patients with DCM with severely reduced left ventricular ejection fractions (LVEFs &lt; 35%). Texture features were extracted from enhanced late scanning images, and the presence and extent of LGEs were also measured. Patients were followed-up for clinical endpoints composed of all-cause deaths and cardiac transplantation. Cox proportional hazard regression and Kaplan–Meier analyses were used to evaluate the prognostic value of texture features and conventional CMR parameters with event-free survival.Results: A total of 114 patients (37 women, median age 47.5 years old) with severely impaired systolic function (median LVEF, 14.0%) were followed-up for a median of 504.5 days. Twenty-nine patients experienced endpoint events, 12 died, and 17 underwent cardiac transplantations. Three texture features from a gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) (GLCM_contrast, GLCM_difference average, and GLCM_difference entropy) showed good prognostic value for adverse events when analyzed using univariable Cox hazard ratio regression (p = 0.007, p = 0.011, and p = 0.007, retrospectively). When each of the three features was analyzed using a multivariable Cox regression model that included the clinical parameter (systolic blood pressure) and LGE extent, they were found to be independently associated with adverse outcomes.Conclusion: Texture features related LGE heterogeneities and variations (GLCM_contrast, GLCM_difference average, and GLCM_difference entropy) are novel markers for risk stratification toward adverse events in DCM patients with severe systolic dysfunction.
Snow Depth Retrieval on Arctic Sea Ice Using Under-Ice Hyperspectral Radiation Measurements
Authors: Anhaus Philipp , Katlein Christian , Nicolaus Marcel , Arndt Stefanie , Jutila Arttu , Haas Christian 
Published: December 2021

Radiation transmitted through sea ice and snow has an important impact on the energy partitioning at the atmosphere-ice-ocean interface. Snow depth and ice thickness are crucial in determining its temporal and spatial variations. Under-ice surveys using autonomous robotic vehicles to measure transmitted radiation often lack coincident snow depth and ice thickness measurements so that direct relationships cannot be investigated. Snow and ice imprint distinct features on the spectral shape of transmitted radiation. Here, we use those features to retrieve snow depth. Transmitted radiance was measured underneath landfast level first-year ice using a remotely operated vehicle in the Lincoln Sea in spring 2018. Colocated measurements of snow depth and ice thickness were acquired. Constant ice thickness, clear water conditions, and low in-ice biomass allowed us to separate the spectral features of snow. We successfully retrieved snow depth using two inverse methods based on under-ice optical spectra with 1) normalized difference indices and 2) an idealized two-layer radiative transfer model including spectral snow and sea ice extinction coefficients. The retrieved extinction coefficients were in agreement with previous studies. We then applied the methods to continuous time series of transmittance and snow depth from the landfast first-year ice and from drifting, melt-pond covered multiyear ice in the Central Arctic in autumn 2018. Both methods allow snow depth retrieval accuracies of approximately 5 cm. Our results show that atmospheric variations and absolute light levels have an influence on the snow depth retrieval.
DSAEF_LTP Model Experiment to Forecast the Accumulated Precipitation of Landfalling Northward-Moving Typhoons in China
Authors: Yao Mei , Ma Yunqi , Jia Li , Ren Fumin , Li Guoping , Ding Chenchen , Wang Mingyang , McBride John L. 
Published: December 2021

We designed two groups of experiments to test the forecast performance of the Dynamical-Statistical-Analog Ensemble Forecast (DSAEF_LTP) model for precipitation caused by landfalling northward-moving typhoons. The first group DSAEF_LTP-1 had the generalized initial value containing three factors (tropical cyclone track, landfall season and tropical cyclone intensity) while the second group DSAEF_LTP-2 added multiple choices of similarity regions. We selected 33 typhoons that brought about maximum daily precipitation ≥100 mm to the area north of the Yangtze River from 2004–2019. We used 22 tropical cyclones from 2004–2015 as training samples to identify the best scheme, which was then used to conduct independent sample forecasting experiments for 11 tropical cyclones from 2016–2019. The results were compared with those of four numerical models (ECMWF, GFS, GRAPES and SMS-WARMS). The simulation ability of the DSAEF_LTP model was significantly improved after adding the similarity regions. The TSsum (TS250 + TS100) for accumulated precipitation ≥250 and ≥100 mm increased from 0.1239 (0 + 0.1239) to 0.1883 (0.0526 + 0.1357). The forecast performance of the DSAEF_LTP for TS100 was 0.1355 for DSAEF_LTP-1 and 0.099 for DSAEF_LTP-2 . Both exceeded the scores for two of the operational Numerical Models, GRAPES (0.0798) and SMS-WARMS (0.0943). The DSAEF_LTP model can capture the distribution patterns of the observed precipitation in most cases. The forecasting performance was good over the southern coast of China but was limited in the north. The development of vortex identification technology for residual vortices and the introduction of new environmental factors into the generalized initial value are required to improve the DSAEF_LTP model.
Late Pleistocene Climate and Dust Source From the Mobarakabad Loess–Paleosol Sequence, Northern Foothills of the Alborz Mountains, Northern Iran
Authors: Ghafarpour Amin , Khormali Farhad , Meng Xianqiang , Tazikeh Hossein , Stevens Thomas 
Published: December 2021

Paleoclimatic investigation of loess-paleosol sequences from northern Iran is important for understanding past changes in a region highly sensitive to shifts in precipitation, and along potential routes of past human migration. Here, we present carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of bulk carbonate (δ13Cbc and δ18Obc, respectively) coupled with particle size distributions of samples from the Mobarakabad section, northern Iran, to study past wind dynamics and hydroclimate. We also present new initial clay-sized Hf-Nd isotope results from key horizons in order to assess general dust sources. Variations of δ13Cbc and δ18Obc values of modern soils compared to paleosols allow reconstruction of late Pleistocene–Holocene climate change in the area. Our results show severe drought during a major eolian deposition phase (EDP) after 34 ka. The thickness and PSD of the C horizon of unit 5 suggest significant shifts in loess sources and depositional environments during this EDP after 34 ka. Indeed, based on our new clay-sized Hf-Nd data, we hypothesize that the loess unit 5 might originate from the young crustal source of the Alborz and Kopet Dagh mountains. In general, the PSD of C horizons in the section is bimodal in the silt fraction and the very small, very fine clay fraction, with a mode at c. 1 μm in the modern soil and paleosols possibly produced by weathering and pedogenic processes. There also appears to be a good correlation between δ13Cbc and δ18Obc values, differentiating phases of loess accumulation and paleosol formation and hence providing quantitative data for reconstructing paleoclimatic conditions in the study area.
A Common R219K Variant of ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter A1 Gene Alters Atherometabolic Traits in Pregnant Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Tang Fangmei , Guan Linbo , Liu Xinghui , Fan Ping , Zhou Mi , Wu Yujie , Liu Rui , Liu Yu , Liu Sixu , Li Dehua , Bai Huai 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) has important roles in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism and reverse cholesterol transport, and is implicated in lipid-related disorders. Genetic variants are involved in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The objective of this study was to investigate the association of rs2230806 (R219K), a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the lipid-related gene, with the risk of GDM and related traits.MethodsThe SNP, rs2230806, was genotyped, and clinical and metabolic parameters were determined in 660 GDM patients and 1,097 control subjects. Genetic associations with related traits were also analyzed.ResultsThe genotype distributions were similar in GDM patients and normal controls. However, significant differences in the variables examined in the study subjects were noted across the three genotypes. The genotype at the rs2230806 polymorphism was significantly associated with HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and atherogenic index (AI) values in GDM patients and total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in control subjects. Subgroup analysis showed that the polymorphism was associated with diastolic blood pressure, in addition to HDL-C levels and AI, in overweight/obese GDM patients, while it was associated with TC levels, AI, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), and BMI at delivery in non-obese GDM patients. In addition, this polymorphism was associated with TC, LDL-C, and apoB levels in overweight/obese control subjects.ConclusionsThe rs2230806 polymorphism in the ABCA1 gene was associated with variations in atherometabolic traits in GDM patients, with characteristics of BMI dependency, but not with GDM. Our findings highlight a link between related phenotypes in women with GDM and genetic factors.