bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperative prevalence of deep vein thrombosis in patients with musculoskeletal degenerative disorders
Authors: Sato Keigo , Date Hideki , Michikawa Takehiro , Morita Mitsuhiro , Hayakawa Kazue , Kaneko Shinjiro , Fujita Nobuyuki 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Although the incidence of symptomatic pulmonary thromboembolism after elective surgery for musculoskeletal degenerative disorders is comparatively low, it is extremely detrimental to both patients and health-care providers. Therefore, its prevention is mandatory. We aimed to perform a cross-sectional analysis of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) before elective surgery for degenerative musculoskeletal disorders, including total knee arthroplasty (TKA), total hip arthroplasty (THA), and spinal surgery, and identify the factors associated with the incidence of preoperative DVT.Methods: The clinical data of patients aged ≥30 years who underwent TKA or THA, and spine surgery for lumbar or cervical degenerative disorders at our institution were retrospectively collected. D-dimer levels were measured preoperatively in all the patients scheduled for surgery. For the patients with D-dimer levels ≥ 1 μg/mL or who were determined by their physicians to be at high risk of DVT, the lower extremity vein was preoperatively examined for DVT on ultrasonography.Results: Overall, we retrospectively evaluated 1236 consecutive patients, including 701 men and 535 women. Of the patients, 431 and 805 had D-dimer levels ≥ 1 and < 1 μg/mL, respectively. Of 683 patients who underwent lower extremity ultrasonography, 92 had proximal (n = 7) and distal types (n = 85) of DVT. The preoperative prevalence of DVT was 7.4%. One patient (0.08%) had the incidence of postoperative symptomatic venous thromboembolism. A multivariate analysis revealed that age ≥80 years (odds ratio [OR], 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.8, 1.1–7.3), knee surgery (2.1, 1.1–4.0), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade 2 (2.8, 1.2–6.8), ASA grades 3 or 4 (3.1, 1.0–9.4), and malignancy (1.9, 1.1–3.2) were significantly associated with DVT incidence.Conclusions: This is the first study to conduct a cross-sectional analysis of preoperative DVT data of patients scheduled for elective surgery for degenerative musculoskeletal disorders. Although whether screening for preoperative DVT is needed to prevent postoperative symptomatic pulmonary thromboembolism remains to be clarified, our data suggested that DVT should be noted before surgery in the patients with advanced age, knee surgery, high ASA physical status, and malignancy.
Preferred Hierarchical Control Strategy of Non-Point Source Pollution at Regional Scale
Authors: Wen Weijia , Zhuang Yanhua , Zhang Liang , Li Sisi , Ruan Shuhe , Zhang Qinjing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Non-point source (NPS) pollution has wide range of sources. Under rainfall conditions, NPS pollution occurs mainly by overland flow, resulting in difficult governance. In this study, based on the cooperative analysis of critical periods (CPs) and critical source areas (CSAs), a preferred hierarchical control strategy of NPS pollution, which was connected with management units, was proposed in the Danjiangkou Reservoir Basin (DRB) to improve the pertinence of NPS pollution control. The practicality of the grid-based CSA identification results was improved by point density analysis (PDA). CPs, sub-CPs, and non-CPs were identified on the temporal scale; CSAs, sub-CSAs and non-CSAs were identified on the spatial scale. The results showed that CPs (July, April, and September), sub-CPs (May, March, and August), and non-CPs contributed 62.8%, 31.1%, and 6.1% of the annual TP loads, respectively. Furthermore, we proposed a hierarchical NPS pollution control strategy: class Ⅰ (CSAs in CPs) → class II (sub-CSAs in CPs, CSAs in sub-CPs) → class III (non-CPs, non-CSAs, sub- and non-CSAs in sub-CPs). Class Ⅰ covered the periods and areas with the highest NPS pollution loads, contributing 26.2% of the annual load within 14.5% of the area and 25.0% of the time. This study provides a reference for the targeted control of NPS pollution at regional scale, especially in environmental protection with limited funds.
The Solute Carrier Family 7 Genes Are Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Lower Grade Glioma
Authors: Liu Wentao , Ji Yu , Ren Rijun , Zhang Gentang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The solute carrier (SLC) 7 family genes are a group of cationic amino acid/glycoprotein transporters and of importance to the maintenance of amino acid nutrition and survival of tumour cells. This study was to investigate the diagnostic values of SLC7 family genes and their associations with overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) in Lower grade glioma (LGG). Methods: SLC7 family gene expression and clinical data were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas database. The expression difference of SLC7 family genes was compared between 523 LGG and 1141 normal brain tissues. The associations between gene expression, clinicopathologic factors, patients’ OS and RFS were analysed by various statistical methods in the two datasets. Results: As compared to normal brain tissues, SLC7A10 expression was significantly down-regulated, while SLC7A5, SLC7A7 expression was significantly up-regulated in LGG tissues. Multivariate analysis and validation analysis confirmed that increased SLC7A7 expression was associated with increased mortality (P≤0.001, Odd ratio [OR]:2.66, 95% Confidence interval [CI]: 1.56–4.6). While, increased SLC7A4 and SLC7A14 expression was associated with reduced mortality (P=0.02, OR:0.38, 95% CI: 0.16–0.81; P≤0.001, OR:0.38, 95% CI: 0.21–0.67; respectively). Increased SLC7A11 expression was associated with decreased RFS (P=0.01, OR:0.61, 95% CI: 0.43–0.88). Conclusion: SLC7A5, SLC7A7, SLC7A10 might serve as diagnostic biomarkers in LGG. High SLC7A4, SLC7A7 and SLC7A14 expression is significantly associated with OS. SLC7 family gene expression represents a potentially diagnostic and prognostic biomarker to predict survival in LGG.
Ultrasonographic Assessment of Renal Perfusion in Bitches With Mammary Carcinoma Treated With Long-Term Carprofen
Authors: Estrada Cristhian Vargas , Firmo Bruna Fernanda , Vela Daniele Belchior , Maronezi Marjury Cristina , Uscategui Ricardo Andrés Ramirez , Gasser Beatriz , Feliciano Marcus Antônio Rossi , Pavan Letícia , Aires Luiz Paulo Nogueira , Lima Gabriela Piovan , Nardi Andrigo Barboza De 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate renal hemodynamics, routine clinical and laboratory parameters used to estimate renal function, and clinical evolution during six months in bitches with mammary carcinomas that underwent mastectomy and were treated (TG) or not (CG) with carprofen for three months after surgery. Methods. Twenty-six bitches with mammary neoplasia were equally distributed into TG that received carprofen 4.4 mg/kg/day for 90 days and CG that did not receive anti-inflammatory medication. Renal artery Doppler flowmetry, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) of renal parenchyma, haematological, biochemical and clinical analyses were obtained once a month. These data were compared between groups and moments via analysis of variance (ANOVA) in a completely randomized design with repeated measures (P<0.05). Results. On B-mode ultrasound, the area of the ​​renal artery was greater (P=0.0003) in the TG. Regarding laboratory findings, haematocrit and haemoglobin were similar in both groups, showing a significant and gradual increase after three months of treatment; MCV, MHC, and MCHC were increased (P<0.05) and lymphocyte and band counts decreased (P<0.05) in the TG. Regarding biochemical tests, ALT was the only parameter with a significant difference, being higher (P=0.0272) in the treated group.Conclusion. It can be concluded that the use of carprofen for 90 days causes minimal changes in renal perfusion, erythrocyte parameters and ALT activity, and reduces the proportion of blood inflammatory cells. Therefore, use of this medication can be carried out safely in patients who require auxiliary cancer treatment.
An undergraduate curriculum to study health risk factors of college students in Guam: The Pacific Islands Cohort of College Students (PICCS)
Authors: Paulino Yvette , Ada Anthony , Dizon John , Benavente Elisha-Rose J. , Campbell Katherine Mary De Luna , Cristobal Breinard , Daughtry Alexandria , Estabillo Lorenz Michael O. , Flisco Victoria Diana Cruz , Badowski Grazyna , Hattori-Uchima Margaret 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The non-communicable disease epidemic among Pacific Islanders prompted the Pacific Island Health Officers Association to declare a health emergency throughout the United States-Affiliated Pacific Islands (Resolution #48-01). Subsequently, the University of Guam Health Science Program initiated the Pacific Islands Cohort of College Students (PICCS). The purpose here is to (1) describe the PICCS development and (2) estimate 2016 baseline health indicators of participants enrolled in PICCS. Methods: Research theory and application were incorporated in undergraduate core courses. Student researchers led data collection, analysis, and dissemination of a cross-sectional study of 417 college students conducted September–December 2016. Self-reported information on demographics, health risk behaviors, and awareness were ascertained. Height and weight were measured to estimate weight status. Mean (standard deviation) for ratio variables and frequency (percentages) for categorical variables were calculated. Results: The PICCS curriculum resulted in multiple successes: 22 abstracts, one manuscript, five acceptances to health leadership programs, four travel awards, and one federal grant. Mean age of the 2016 PICCS research participants was 22.5 (3.6) years. Majority was female (55%). The predominant race/ethnic groups were single-race Asians (49%) and Pacific Islanders (31%) followed by Other/Mixed Ethnicity (20%). Majority reported health risk behaviors: inadequate sleep (63%), high stress (66%), frequent fast-food consumption (63%), infrequent fruit/vegetable intake (81%), and sedentary lifestyle (64%). Overweight and obesity (49%) were also a concern. Conclusion: The PICCS curriculum produced multiple research successes. Integration in an undergraduate program will sustain the monitoring of college student health risk behaviors and informing of targeted intervention strategies.
Conductivity Optimization of Mg, Zn and Ag doped TiO2 as Electron Transport Layer for Perovskite Solar Cell
Authors: Sharma Sameeksha , Soleimanioun Nazilla , Rani Mamta , Tripathi Surya Kant 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We report on the modification of structural, optical, electrical and dielectric properties of the electron transport layer (ETL) of Perovskite solar cell (PSC) i.e. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) by adding Magnesium (Mg), Zinc (Zn) and Silver (Ag) impurities in it through Sol-gel method. Modified parameters are studied with the help of X-Ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, electrical and dielectric measurements by two probe method respectively. Fascinating results have been obtained in modified Mg-TiO2, Zn-TiO2 and Ag-TiO2 such as enhanced transmittance (T), reduction in refractive index (n), extinction coefficient (k), Urbach energy (EU), an increase in DC conductivity, dielectric constant (ϵ) and AC conductivity. The conductivity in modified TiO2 follows the order Ag-TiO2 > Zn-TiO2 > Mg-TiO2 > TiO2. The prepared samples are utilized in PSC device fabrication and the increased efficiency following the same order as conductivity suggests the idea of doping in ETL successful in solar cell application.
Protection Induced By Ginsenoside Rb1 in Alzheimer’s Disease Model is Associated With Redressing The Neuronal Hyperexcitability Which is Regulated By Nav1.2 and Nav1.6
Authors: li shan , Lu Min-Nan , Wang Qian , Yuan Yun , Zhang Xiao-Min , Zhao Hao-Ran , Ding Wan-Hai , Gao Wen-Wei , Chen Shi-Wen , Wang Xu-Yang , Dong Xiao-Han , Yan Guo-Ji , xiyang yanbin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disease showing multiple complex pathomechanism alterations, has affected the normal life of many old people. It is urgent to find an effective medicine for AD. Ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) is the main component of panax notoginseng saponins, a famous Chinese herbal medicine, and is expected to be a useful drug in the treatment of AD. This study mainly explored the potential effects of Rb1 in model of AD in vivo and in vitro, and investigated the possible mechanisms. Materials and methods: We studied the neuroprotective effect of Rb1 in transgenic mouse animal model and cell AD model in vitro. The cognitive function of APP/PS1 mice was measured in Morris water maze and Novel Object Recognition. Electrophysiological patch clamp recording and electrophysiology were used to nerve excitability. Further, the expression of proteins of Nav1.2 and Nav1.6 were used by Western blot. Results: We found that Rb1 treatment significantly improved the cognitive and memory loss, and reversed the hyperexcitability by altering the expressions of Nav1.2 and Nav1.6 of APP/PS1 mice. Further, Rb1 improved the hyperexcitability induced by Aβ1-42-injured neurons, which might be associated with alteration of the expressions of Nav1.2 and Nav1.6. As we expect, Rb1 attenuated Aβ1-42-induced injury in primary neurons. Conclusion: Our data showed that Rb1 played a critical role in improvement of the cognitive deficit and abnormal excitability of AD by regulating Nav1.2 and Nav1.6 expressions. Thus, Rb1 shows protective effects on AD models and may be a potential candidate for AD treatment.
A retrospective analysis of non-sharps related injuries in a dental school setting’’
Authors: Jeon Soyeon , Chong Mark Jeffrey , Jin Gwanghyun , Walsh Laurence , Zachar Jessica Joanna , Zafar Sobia 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Workplace non-sharps injuries are a common occurrence in a dental school setting. In dentistry, the importance of preventing non-sharps injuries is often overlooked due to emphasis on sharps-related injuries in clinical and laboratory settings. To analyse the incidences of non-sharps injuries over a 10 year period in a dental school to identify trends and the possible causative factors for these injuries.
Methods

Injury reports lodged with the UQ Workplace Health and Safety databases between 2009 and 2019 were categorised and analysed.
Results

Of 1156 incidents reported, 35.7% (n = 413) were non-sharps injuries, the most common type of non-sharps injury was general incidents (48.4%, n = 200). The most common body site for injury was the hands (19.4%, n = 80) and the most common location where an injury occurred was when working in clinical patient care (53.8%, n = 222). The personnel type most at risk of a non-sharps injury fluctuated between students and staff throughout the study period.
Conclusions

All personnel, including students and staff, are at similar risk of experiencing a non-sharps injury within a dental school setting. The equipment and facilities of a dental clinic as well as adherence to safe working procedures and correct protocols are contributing factors. Continuous quality improvement is essential for minimising these injuries.
Clinical and Laboratory Prognosticators of Atrophic Papulosis (Degos Disease): A Systematic Review
Authors: Lu Justin D. , Sachdeva Muskaan , Silverberg Orli M. , Shapiro Lee , Croitoru David , Levy Rebecca 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Degos disease is a rare vascular disorder with a cutaneous-limited form, benign atrophic papulosis (BAP), and a systemic variant, malignant atrophic papulosis (MAP). Despite the poor prognosis of MAP, no study has established features associated with systemic disease.Objectives: The aims of this systematic review were to: (1) summarize clinical features and treatments implemented for patients with MAP and BAP (2) identify clinical and laboratory factors associated with the development of MAP, compared to BAP.Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE and Embase from inception to April 2020. Demographic and clinical features of Degos patients were presented descriptively; multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify associations with MAP.Results: We identified 99 case studies, comprising 105 patients. MAP (64%) had a 2.15 year median survival time from cutaneous onset, most often with gastrointestinal or central nervous system involvement. We found that elevations in either of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) or C-reactive protein (CRP) were associated with systemic involvement (OR 2.27, p=0.023). Degos secondary to an autoimmune connective tissue disease was found to be inversely associated with MAP (OR 0.08, p=0.048).Conclusions: Elevated ESR or CRP is associated with MAP and may be a predictor of systemic involvement for patients with Degos disease. In addition, secondary Degos disease is associated with a favourable prognosis. Clinicians should be aware of the differences between primary and secondary Degos and the utility of ESR or CRP in identifying disease evolution to systemic involvement. The utility of ESR and CRP to identify systemic involvement should be further explored.
Extraction of Protein Isolates From Grouper (Epinephelus Diacanthus) Filleting Waste Using pH Shift Method; Influence of Process Variables on Recoveries
Authors: Shafiq Uzair , Baraiya Kirankumar Gopalbai , SURASANI VIJAY KUMAR REDDY , Joshi Sagar , Varadaraju Raju Chikoppa 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Recovery of proteins from grouper (Epinephelus diacanthus) filleting waste was done using isoelectric solubilization method. During the isolation, influence of process variables such as; temperature, ratio of solvent and homogenate, pH, time of centrifugation and speed of centrifugation on protein yields was studied. It was observed that the homogenate to solvent ratio, centrifugation speed protein recoveries. For isolating the proteins from grouper waste using pH shift process the optimum conditions found were; pH-11.0 in alkaline range, pH 3.0 in acidic range, 120 min extraction time, homogenate to solvent ratio of 1:6 and centrifugation speed of 10000 rpm. During the pH shift processing of grouper proteins myoglobin, total pigments and lipid content of proteins were reduced by 90.77, 70.79 and 82.69%, and 93.91, 79.59 and 82.04%, in alkaline and acidic extraction process, respectively. A significant increase in the lightness and whiteness values of the isolates was observed as compared to the raw material. Protein isolates obtained using acidic solubilisation process were found to be whiter than alkali-aided protein isolate.
Fine Mapping of Hybrid Necrosis Gene Ne1 in Common Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)
Authors: Si Yaoqi , Zheng Shusong , Niu Jianqing , Tian Shuquan , Shi Xiaoli , He Yilin , Li Yiwen , Ling Hong-Qing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Hybrid necrosis is characterized as progressive chlorosis and necrosis of plant leaves, tillers or whole plants premature death in certain wheat hybrids, which is caused by the combination of two complementary loci Ne1 and Ne2 located on chromosome arms 5BL and 2BS, respectively. Hybrid necrosis s is a serious barrier for combining desirable traits from various genotypes of wheat and the full utilization of heterosis in wheat. In this study, we fine mapped Ne1 on chromosome 5BL, and finally delimited Ne1 to a 4.06-Mb region with large heterogeneous inbred families (HIFs) from the RILs of ‘Zhengnong 17’ × ‘Yangbaimai’. Further characterization of the near isogenic lines derived from HIFs confirmed that Ne1 was tightly linked with a 2.89-Mb fragment that is deleted in Zhengnong 17. Additionally, a diagnostic InDel marker 5B-InDel385 for Ne1 was developed and was used to assess the existence of Ne1 in a diverse panel of 501 wheat accessions. Among them, 122 (61%) out of 200 landraces showed the presence of Ne1 gene, whereas only 79 (26%) out of 301 modern cultivars carried the Ne1 gene. The drastic decrease of Ne1 frequency in modern cultivars indicates that the Ne1 has been subjected to heavily selection pressure. This study provides a good foundation for the marker-assisted selection, gene cloning and functional studies of Ne1 in wheat.
Nickel Nanoparticles with Superior Catalytic Activity for Autonomous Decomposition of Ammonium Percholorate
Authors: Elbasuney Sherif , Yehia M. , Ismael Shukri 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Nickel nanoparticles with partially filled d-shell could offer advanced catalytic performance; to common solid propellant catalysts (ferric oxide). This study reports on the facile fabrication of nickel and ferric oxide catalysts of 10 nm, and 5 nm particle sizes respectively. Fabricated particles were re-dispersed in organic solvent and effectively integrated into ammonium percholorate (AP). Elemental mapping confirmed uniform particle dispersion into APC. The catalytic efficiency of nickel was evaluated to Fe2O3 particles using DSC and TGA. AP demonstrated endothermic crystallographic phase change at 242 0C, with subsequent two exothermic decomposition reactions. Nickel demonstrated decrease in endothermic phase change by 49 % compared with 39 % for ferric oxide; this action means high catalytic activity with low activation energy. Whereas AP demonstrated total heat release of 742 J/g; nickel offered enhanced heat output by 89 % compared with 57 % for ferric oxide. The two main decomposition peaks were merged into single peak. Nickel demonstrated decrease in main decomposition temperature by 105 oC compared with 62 oC for ferric oxide. This manuscript shaded the light on nickel as novel emergent nanocatalyst with superior performance for advanced energetic systems.
Oligoclonal Immunoglobulin Gamma Bands and Long-Term Disability Progression in Multiple Sclerosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Karrenbauer Virginija Danylaité , Bedri Sahl , Hillert Jan , Manochehrinia Ali 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients without the typical oligoclonal bands (OCB) distribution of immunoglobulin gamma (IgG) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has a different genetic background and brain MRI features than OCB-positive MS patients. It is less clear if OCB presence indicates differences in clinical aspects of MS.
Objective

To determine whether CSF OCB status is associated with long-term disability outcomes.
Methods

We used Swedish MS register data on clinically definite MS patients with known OCB status. Date of birth, MS onset and date at sustained Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score milestones 3, 4, 6, date at conversion to secondary progressive (SP) MS, sex, and immunomodulatory treatment (IMTs) duration were collected. Multivariate Cox regression models were used to investigate the association between OCB status and risk of reaching each milestone.
Results

The OCB-positive group reached disability milestones at an earlier time and at younger age. OCB positivity significantly increased the risk of reaching EDSS score 3.0 (HR = 1.29, 95%CI: 1.12 to 1.48, P < 0.001) and 4.0 (HR = 1.38, 95%CI: 1.17 to 1.63, P < 0.001) but non-significantly for EDSS 6. The OCB-positive group had a 20 % higher risk to convert to SPMS.
Conclusion

Patients with or without CSF OCBs share a risk of long term progression and for conversion to SPMS. Presence of OCBs in the CSF is associated with higher risk to reach EDSS milestones and a higher risk to convert to SPMS. Our findings suggest higher disease modifying effect of OCB presence in the early inflammatory stages of MS.