bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Significant Increase in Interplate Seismicity near Major Historical Earthquakes Offshore Martinique (FWI)
Authors: Corbeau Jordane , Gonzalez O’Leary , Feuillet Nathalie , Lejeune Anne-Marie , Fontaine Fabrice R. , Clouard Valérie , Saurel Jean-Marie ,   the OVSM Team
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
Understanding the processes that may be at the origin of major earthquakes in subduction zones is highly challenging, especially in the case of slowly converging areas such as the Lesser Antilles subduction zone. Our study reveals a recorded increase in seismicity rate and cumulative seismic moment over the last two decades offshore Martinique island and, particularly, in the presumed rupture area of the major historical 1839 earthquake. This sustained seismicity is shared between extensive intermediate depth activity since the 2007 Mw 7.4 earthquake that occurred about 20 km north of Martinique and a compressive seismic cluster located in the seismogenic zone of the subduction zone. We also observe a downward migration of the seismicity along the plate interface up to a 60–65 km depth and a recorded increase in the magnitudes of the earthquakes. All these observations may indicate ongoing changes along the plate boundary interface near the area of the historical major rupture of 1839, although more detailed statistical studies and additional data are necessary to confirm this trend.
The Culture of State-Church and Church-State Relations: The Ukrainian Case
Authors: Fylypovych Liudmyla , Kolodnyi Anatolii 
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to relations between Church and the Ukrainian State and analysis of their current state and prospects of development. The authors analyze some state–church approaches to the relationship between State and Church based on Ukrainian legislation and social concepts of churches. The main task of a modern state is to guarantee freedom of conscience to citizens and provide conditions for free functioning of religious organizations. Church also assumes certain responsibilities to the state and society. The article provides an overview of the attitude of the Catholic, Greek Catholic and Orthodox Churches to power. Referring to the practice of state-church relations and church-state relations in Ukraine, the authors deduce that the subjects of these relations do not yet demonstrate the appropriate level of culture of this relationship, and do not follow the rules of partnership between Church and State. The authors admit a possibility to constructively criticize each other’s positions and make mutual demands, contextualizing their interests and needs while forming this culture. At the same time, State should get rid of the remnants of Soviet totalitarian control over the activities of Church, and Church should renounce patronage and servility. For both State and Church, in the sphere of mutual relations, taking into consideration world models of civilized relations between them and referring to their own history of these relations and existing experience of communication with each other, there should be established a high culture of dialogue between State and Church, between secular and spiritual authorities.
Christianity in China: Past, Present and Future
Authors: Karpińska Wiktoria 
Published: June 2021

Christianity reached China relatively late — the earliest confirmed information about the presence of Christianity in this area dates back to the 8th century AD. For centuries, Chinese culture has been shaped by other philosophical and religious systems, so Christianity has not always been understood and accepted in China. Nevertheless, it has survived and is gaining more and more followers.
The article presents the history of the appearance of the Christian religion in China and the way Christianity has fared there over the centuries. It also shows the plight of the Catholic Church in the People’s Republic of China. The article shows what made Christianity survive and put down roots in China, how it found itself in Chinese culture, the number of its followers, and the role Christianity plays for them. The author also reflects on the future development of Christianity in a country where religions are understood differently than in Western culture.
Analysis of the effective leadership style of madrasa heads in the 21st century
Authors: Malik Muh Syauqi , Rahma Tutut Hilda , Utami Vifta Agnia 
Published: June 2021

One of the government's policies in education in the 21st century is the enactment of educational autonomy. This policy needs to be accompanied by a change of leadership in the education unit. The leadership qualities of the head of the madrasah will determine whether the madrasah achieves its expected goals or not. The purpose of this research is to analyze outstanding leadership in the 21st century, which includes the characteristics, style, nature, requirements, quality, and competence that a madrasah head must possess. This research was conducted at SDN 5 Cileungsir, Ranch Subdistrict, Ciamis Regency, in March 2020. This research used a library study approach. The data used in this research is secondary data, as the techniques carried out are collecting various credible sources from books, written documents, and articles taken from quality national and international online journals and have been accredited. All references that the author provides in this article aim to inform the reader of the tips and requirements to be an ideal and competent leader in the 21st century, especially leaders in schools. All descriptions are equipped with explanations and examples of events that are often encountered in the field to be understood easily. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that a leader must display exemplary behavior in the madrasah he leads. The behavior of the head of the madrasah must reflect the high spirit of work and should be an example or role model for all people in madrasahs. The ideal educational leader of the 21st century is an innovative leader, a leader who can innovate, has managerial skills and technical skills, and is highly dedicated to what he leads. Managerial expertise is needed for leaders to handle the complexities of educational institutions, and educational leadership skills are needed to obtain innovative leaders in leading educational institutions to conform to a 21st-century education. He must have the vision, mission, willingness, and commitment to make changes, progress, understand processes, and create innovations and solutions. Besides, a leader must also have expertise and quality. Thus, if a leader can realize all these components, then the madrasah under its management can innovate better under the demands of education in the 21st century and per the objectives to be achieved.
Developing a Model for Evaluating Patient Experience in Educational Hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Najib Jalali Mojtaba , Vafaee Najar Ali , Jamali Jamshid , Hooshmand Elaheh 
Published: June 2021

Background: Understanding the "patient experience" is a key step in moving towards patient-centered care. The purpose of this study is to design a patient experience evaluation model to evaluate the effective components in the patient experience in hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: This was a comparative descriptive study conducted using databases and information resources and based on a comprehensive review, and the models used in other parts of the world were extracted based on the research protocol and entered into a comparative matrix. The reliability of the extracted framework was verified using the agreement coefficient of the parties. In order to validate the model, the questions were prepared in the form of a questionnaire and validated by the specialists of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences during two-round Delphi using SPSS 16 software.
Results: In this study, 10 models were obtained for evaluating patient experience in different countries, each of which was composed of several dimensions and some of them had overlap. The models included American model (8 dimensions), Swedish model (10 dimensions), British first model (7 dimensions), British second model (8 dimensions), Scotland model (6 dimensions), Hong Kong model (9 dimensions), Norway first model (6 dimensions), Norway second model (5 dimensions), India model (10 dimensions), and the model of Ethiopia (5 dimensions). The final model with 10 dimensions and 29 sub- dimensions was approved and validated.
Conclusion: The results showed that the suitable pattern for Iran had 10 dimensions and 29 sub-dimensions. Among the dimensions, respect for the patient's privacy and dignity had the highest score and the way patients are discharged from the hospital had the lowest score.
Barley varieties registered in the Czech Republic after the harvest of 2020
Authors: Psota Vratislav , Dvořáčková Olga , Musilová Markéta , Nečas Milan 
Published: June 2021

The study presents malting quality and agronomic characteristics obtained during testing of barley varieties in the Czech Republic. After the harvest of 2020, the following spring barley malting varieties were registered: Amidala, Focus, Greenway, KWS Jessie, LG Belcanto, and LG Stamgast. LG Stamgast was recommended for production of the beer with the protected geographical indication České pivo. In addition, the non-malting spring barley variety RGT Gagarin was registered. Amidala, Focus, Greenway, KWS Jessie, LG Belcanto provided malt with the extract content over 83%. These varieties also easily degraded nitrogenous substances. The value of the Kolbach index ranged from 48.6 to 52.1%. Diastatic power was at the optimal level. Degradation of cell walls was also optimal. Friability moved from 89 to 97% and β-glucan content in wort achieved satisfactory values of 65 – 170 mg/l in the given varieties . Wort quality, which is characterized by final attenuation, was at the above average to optimal level of 80.9 – 83.2% in these varieties of spring barley. LG Stamgast showed lower values of proteolytic and cytolytic modification and lower values of final attenuation, which is required for the varieties recommended for the production of the beer with the protected geographical indication České pivo.
Pressure Sensitivity Improvement of Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Using Cytop Fiber
Authors: Alshaikhli Zahraa , Alhasan Sarmad. F. H. , Numan Najwan. H. , Salim Evan. T. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Recent demand for using FBG as a pressure sensor in a different industrial application makes several types of research to be conducted to enhance the pressure sensitivity. This paper demonstrates a combination method to enhance pressure sensitivity. Firstly, in this work FBG with polymer fiber named perfluorinated monomer (CYTOP) was used with specific parameters. Secondly, this FBG was covered by a patch of thin polymer material. However, the strain, temperature, and pressure sensitivity were recorded and compared with bare silica FBG. The temperature effect was reduced by using the cascade FBG technique. By applying force on the grating and changing of refractive index; the Bragg wavelength was shifting, making the CYTOP FBG responds more efficiently than silica FBG. This responsivity was leading to an improvement in pressure sensitivity. Experimental results illustrate that the enhanced CYTOP FBG based pressure sensor achieves pressure sensitivity up to 93.5 pm/KPs with a resolution of 0.005 KPa, which was 1500 times higher than bare FBG. The advanced CYTOP FBG based pressure sensor can be functionalized in a technical application for instance, structural health monitoring, pressure of oil wells application, explosion wave, and prevention of erosion.
The Long-Term Effects of Invasive Earthworms on Plant Community Composition and Diversity in a Hardwood Forest in Northern Minnesota
Authors: Alexander Genevieve , Almendinger John , White Peter 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Non-native European earthworms are invading hardwood forests in the Chippewa National Forest, MN. We applied a model using historic O-horizon soil thickness to classify 41 hardwood sites in the Chippewa National Forest as “long-term wormed” (wormed during the 1989-1996 and 2017 sampling period), “short-term wormed” (unwormed during the 1989-1996 sampling period and wormed in the 2017 sampling period), or “unwormed” (unwormed during the 1989-1996 and 2017 sampling period). We found that graminoids, especially Carex pensylvanica , had the greatest abundance in sites that had been wormed for over two decades. The families with the greatest negative change in percent cover after over two decades of earthworm invasion were Asteraceae, Violaceae, and Sapindaceae (specifically Acer species). Across all diversity metrics measured, long-term wormed sites had the lowest understory plant species diversity, short-term wormed sites had intermediate diversity, and unwormed sites exhibited the highest diversity. Long-term wormed sites had the lowest species richness at both small and large scales (1 to 1024m 2 ). The greatest within-group compositional dissimilarity occurred at sites that had been wormed for over two decades, indicating that compositional changes in plant communities are still occurring more than two decades since invasion. Sites that had been wormed for over two decades did not appear to have reached a compositionally similar end-state “wormed” community type. If results of this study are indicative of future trends as earthworms become established, it can be expected that understory diversity will decrease as hardwood forest stands become wormed over time.
Well-Being of Canadian Veterans during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Results from the COVID-19 Veteran Well-Being Study
Authors: Richardson J. Don , Cyr Kate St. , Forchuk Callista , Liu Jenny JW , Plouffe Rachel A. , Le Tri , Gargala Dominic , Deda Erisa , Soares Vanessa , Hosseiny Fardous , Smith Patrick , Dupuis Gabrielle , Roth Maya , Bridgen Andrew , Marlborough Michelle , Jetly Rakesh , Heber Alexandra , Lanius Ruth , Nazarov Anthony 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
The impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic have disproportionally affected different population groups. Veterans are more likely to have pre-existing mental health conditions compared to the general Canadian population, experience compounded stressors resulting from disruptions to familial, social, and occupational domains, and were faced with changes in healthcare delivery (e.g., telehealth). The objectives of this study are to assess (a) the mental health impact of COVID-19 and related life changes on the mental health of Veterans and (b) perceptions of and satisfaction with changes in healthcare treatments and delivery during the pandemic.
Methods
A total of 1139 Canadian Veterans were recruited to participate in an online survey. Participants completed questions pertaining to their mental health and well-being, lifestyle changes, and concerns relating to the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as experiences and satisfaction with healthcare treatments during the pandemic.
Results
Results showed that 55.9% of respondents reported worse mental health functioning compared to before the pandemic. Frequency of probable posttraumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, alcohol use disorder, and suicidal ideation were 34.2%, 35.3%, 26.8%, 13.0%, and 22.0%, respectively. Between 39.0% and 53.0% of respondents attributed their symptoms as either directly related to or exacerbated by the pandemic. Approximately 18% of respondents reported using telehealth for mental health services during the pandemic, and among those, 73.0% indicated a choice to use telehealth even after the pandemic.
Conclusions
This study found that most Veterans experienced worsening mental health as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of telehealth services was widely endorsed by mental health treatment-seeking Veterans who transitioned to virtual care during the pandemic. Our findings have important clinical and program administrator implications, emphasizing the need to reach out to support veterans, especially those with pre-existing mental health conditions and to enhance and maintain virtual care even post pandemic.
Global Trends and Status in Bioenergy Research During the Years 2000-2020: a Systematic Analysis
Authors: Sabour Mohammad Reza , Sadeghi-Sheshdeh Amin , Mohammadi Fateme , Amiri Ehsan Asheghian 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The escalation of energy consumption and the issues arising from the use of fossil fuels have drawn attention towards sustainable energy sources. Bioenergy is a sustainable energy source that can help accomplish the goals of sustainable development. Aimed at the bibliometric analysis of articles on bioenergy, this study explored a total of 16,773 articles published in the Scopus database from 2000 to 2020. The cooperation of the authors and countries was established and studied by using social network analysis based on co-authorship. Also, to check the hot topics, the keywords and their interrelations were assessed based on co-occurrences. Additionally, the interrelationship of the keyword clusters was studied. The relevant research institutions, sponsors, and journals were addressed as other dimensions. The research showed that although the United States is the pioneer, China has made extensive investments and has put a special focus on bioenergy. As expected, the keyword ‘biomass’ is most repeated followed by ‘microbial fuel cells’ in the next place. The greatest growth was related to the keywords of ‘microbial fuel cell’, ‘anaerobic digestion’, and ‘biogas’. On the other hand, ‘biochar’ had the newest among the 25 most repeated keywords. This research would help researchers to develop bioenergy by identifying the most recent interesting topics and their interrelations.
Characterization of Diarrheagenic Escherichia Coli Strains Isolated from Slaughtered Sheep in México
Authors: Acosta-Dibarrat Jorge , Enriquez-Gómez Edgar , Talavera-Rojas Martín , Soriano-Vargas Edgardo , Navarro Armando , Morales-Espinosa Rosario 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Distribution and Source Determination of Rare Earth Elements in Sediment Collected From The Continental Shelf Off Hainan Island, China
Authors: Cai Pengjie , Cai Guanqiang , Li Xuejie , Chen Xin , Lin Jie , Li Shun , Li Zhao 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Contents of rare earth elements (REEs), major elements and the Total Organic Carbon (TOC) were determined for 152 surface sediment samples collected from the continental shelf off Hainan Island (CSHI). From high to low, the average contents of REEs were: Ce > La > Nd > Pr > Sm > Gd > Dy > Er > Yb > Eu > Ho > Tb > Tm > Tm. The concentrations of REEs in the north of the study area were higher than in the south. The LREE concentrations in the south were higher than in the north. This resulted higher values for the LREE/HREE ratio in the south than in the north. The mean EF could be arranged from highest to lowest as follows: Tm > Sm > Pr > Er > La > Lu > Ce > Tb > Eu > Nd > Yb > Gd > Ho > Dy. The enrichment factor (EF) indicates that pollution as a result of human activity was more serious in the southeast of the study area than in the north. The factors affecting the REE concentrations in this area include naturally occurring minerals and industrial pollution. Based on the spatial variation of upper continental crust (UCC)-normalized REE concentrations, the CSHI was classified into three geochemical provinces. The sediment of province I was controlled by the Red and Pearl rivers. The composition of the province II is mainly controlled by the Red River and the Pearl River, although some sediments have originated from the South China Sea Island. Province III sediments mainly originated from sources on Hainan Island.
Facilitating the design of combination therapy for cancer using
multipartite network models: Emphasis on acute myeloid
leukaemia
Authors: Jafari Mohieddin , Mirzaie Mehdi , Bao Jie , Barneh Farnaz , Zheng Shuyu , Eriksson Johanna , Tang Jing 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
From the drug discovery perspective, combination therapy is recommended for cancer treatment due to its efficiency and safety compared to the common cytotoxic and single-targeted monotherapies. However, identifying effective drug combinations is time-and cost-consuming. Here, we offer a novel strategy for predicting potential drug combinations and patient subclasses by constructing multipartite networks using drug-response data on patient samples. In this study, we used Beat AML and GDSC, two comprehensive datasets based on patient-derived and cell line-based samples, to show the potential of multipartite network modelling in combinatorial cancer therapy. We used the median values of cell viability to compare drug potency and reconstruct a weighted bipartite network that models the interaction of drugs and biological samples. Then, clusters of network communities were identified in two projected networks based on the topological structure of the networks. Chemical structures, drug-target networks, protein– protein interactions, and signalling networks were used to corroborate the intra-cluster homogeneity. We further leveraged the community structures within the drug-based multipartite networks to discover effective multi-targeted drug combinations and synergy levels, which were supported with more evidence using the DrugComb and ALMANAC databases. Furthermore, we confirmed the potency of selective combinations of drugs against monotherapy in in vitro experiments using three acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) cell lines. Taken together, this study presents an innovative data-driven strategy based on multipartite networks to suggest potential drug combinations to improve AML treatment.
Optimum parameters for humic acid removal and power production by Al–air fuel cell electrocoagulation in synthetic wastewater
Authors: Wei Wei , Gong Haoyang , Sheng Lin , Zhou Dong , Zhu Shuguang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Although humic acid (HA) is a complex natural organic matter, it can potentially harm the environment and human health. In this study, aluminum–air fuel cell electrocoagulation (AAFCEC) was used to remove HAs from water while generating electricity. This device can generate electricity from the anodic oxidation of aluminum without an external power source as well produce an aluminum coagulant. Operating parameters, namely initial pH, electrolyte concentration, and HA concentration, were analyzed to determine the optimal power generation and removal efficiency. Al–Ferron complexation timed spectrophotometry was used to determine the Al speciation distribution in the solution. The power density of the cell reached 313.47 mW/cm2 for the following conditions: 1 g/L NaCl concentration, 3 cm electrode distance, 20 Ω external resistor, and pH 9. And after about an hour electrolysis, the optimum removal rate of HA was above 99%. The results demonstrate that the AAFCEC is an efficient and eco-friendly water treatment process, and it could be further developed and disseminated in the rural areas and households.