bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of patients with atrial high rate episodes detected by implanted defibrillator and resynchronization devices
Authors: Miyazawa Kazuo , Pastori Daniele , Martin David T , Choucair Wassim K , Halperin Jonathan L , Lip Gregory Y H ,   the IMPACT Study Investigators
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Aims
Atrial high rate episodes (AHREs) are associated with increased risks of thromboembolism and cardiovascular mortality. However, the clinical characteristics of patients developing AHRE of various durations are not well studied.

Methods and results
This was an ancillary analysis of the multicentre, randomized IMPACT trial. In the present analysis, we classified patients according to the duration of AHRE ≤6 min, &gt;6 min to ≤6 h, &gt;6 to ≤24 h and &gt;24 h, and investigated the association between clinical factors and the development of each duration of AHRE. Of 2718 patients included in the trial, 945 (34.8%) developed AHRE. The incidence rates of each AHRE duration category were 5.4/100, 12.0/100, 6.8/100, and 3.3/100 patient-years, respectively. The incidence rates of AHRE &gt;6 h were significantly higher in patients at high risk of thromboembolism (CHADS2 score ≥3) compared to those at low risk (CHADS2 score 1 or 2). Using Cox regression analysis, age ≥65 years and history of atrial fibrillation (AF) and/or atrial flutter (AFL) were risk factors for AHRE &gt;6 min. In addition, hypertension was associated with AHRE &gt;24 h (hazard ratio 2.13, 95% confidence interval 1.24–3.65, P = 0.006).

Conclusion
Atrial high rate episode &gt;6 min to ≤6 h were most prevalent among all AHRE duration categories. Longer AHREs were more common in patients at risk of thromboembolism. Age and history of AF/AFL were risk factors for AHRE &gt;6 min. Furthermore, hypertension showed a strong impact on the development of AHRE &gt;24 h rather than age.
Legal Violence and (In)Visible Families: How Law Shapes and Erases Family Life in SOGI Asylum in Europe
Authors: Danisi Carmelo , Ferreira Nuno 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Studies on the Refugee Convention have paid very limited attention to the notion of family and family rights of asylum claimants in connection with asylum claims based on sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI). Drawing on the notion of ‘legal violence’, this article demonstrates the injurious cumulative effect that a heteronormative, homonormative and Western-centered formulation and implementation of asylum and refugee law has on SOGI claimants when it comes to intimate and family relationships. By relying on a solid body of primary and secondary data, it explores the invisibility of SOGI claimants and refugees’ families and how that invisibility is normalized by European legal frameworks, such as the Dublin (III) Regulation and Family Reunification Directive. To end this ‘legal violence’ and reconnect asylum systems with the lived experiences of SOGI claimants, a principled approach based on human rights and specifically the right to respect for family life is suggested.
Optimising sampling frequency for monitoring heterotrophic protists in a marine ecosystem
Authors: Lehtiniemi Maiju , Fileman Elaine , Hällfors Heidi , Kuosa Harri , Lehtinen Sirpa , Lips Inga , Setälä Outi , Suikkanen Sanna , Tuimala Jarno , Widdicombe Claire 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Heterotrophic protists are essential components of the marine ecosystem, yet they are often excluded from monitoring programmes. With limited resources, monitoring strategies need to be optimised considering both scientific knowledge and available resources. In doing so, it is crucial to understand how sampling frequency affects the value of the data. We analysed 11 years of weekly heterotrophic protist time-series data from Station L4 in the Western English Channel to explore how different sampling intervals impact data quality. In the L4 dataset, comprising 55 protist taxa, the reduction of sampling frequency from weekly to four times a year at specific seasons decreased the number of taxa encountered by 38% for ciliates and 29% for heterotrophic dinoflagellates while the mean annual biomass or its mean variation were not affected. Furthermore, when samples were taken only four times a year, biomass peaks of the ten most important taxa were often missed. The primary motivator for this study was furthering the development of the heterotrophic protist monitoring in temperate and subarctic marine areas, e.g. the Baltic Sea. Based on our findings, we give recommendations on sampling frequency to optimise the value of heterotrophic protist monitoring.
Genotype-specific P-spline response surfaces assist interpretation of regional wheat adaptation to climate change
Authors: Bustos-Korts Daniela , Boer Martin P , Chenu Karine , Zheng Bangyou , Chapman Scott , van Eeuwijk Fred A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Yield is a function of environmental quality and the sensitivity with which genotypes react to that. Environmental quality is characterized by meteorological data, soil and agronomic management, whereas genotypic sensitivity is embodied by combinations of physiological traits that determine the crop capture and partitioning of environmental resources over time. This paper illustrates how environmental quality and genotype responses can be studied by a combination of crop simulation and statistical modelling. We characterized the genotype by environment interaction for grain yield of a wheat population segregating for flowering time by simulating it using the the Agricultural Production Systems sIMulator (APSIM) cropping systems model. For sites in the NE Australian wheat-belt, we used meteorological information as integrated by APSIM to classify years according to water, heat and frost stress. Results highlight that the frequency of years with more severe water and temperature stress has largely increased in recent years. Consequently, it is likely that future varieties will need to cope with more stressful conditions than in the past, making it important to select for flowering habits contributing to temperature and water-stress adaptation. Conditional on year types, we fitted yield response surfaces as functions of genotype, latitude and longitude to virtual multi-environment trials. Response surfaces were fitted by two-dimensional P-splines in a mixed-model framework to predict yield at high spatial resolution. Predicted yields demonstrated how relative genotype performance changed with location and year type and how genotype by environment interactions can be dissected. Predicted response surfaces for yield can be used for performance recommendations, quantification of yield stability and environmental characterization.
The Impact of Thermal Stress on Cognition and the Use of Cooling Wear for Alleviation—An Explorative Study
Authors: Luze Hanna , Nischwitz Sebastian Philipp , Fink Julia , Hecker Andrzej , Holzer Judith Christine Julie , Schellnegger Marlies , Kamolz Lars Peter 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Increased ambient temperatures during the care of severely burned patients are essential for mitigating hypothermia and minimizing the impact of consecutive hypermetabolism. For involved medical staff, those conditions may lead to impaired concentration, possibly negatively affecting optimal patient care. Yet, alleviation strategies are lacking. As a novel coping strategy, cooling wear may be an effective means. This explorative study aimed to investigate the effect of high ambient temperatures on the concentration capacity and cooling wear to alleviate thermal stress. The effects of high ambient temperatures and the additional use of cooling wear on the concentration capacity of medical staff were investigated in six subjects during two simulated burn surgeries. Each individual served as his/her own control undergoing one simulation with and one without cooling wear. Concentration capacity was measured before and after each simulation with a standardized test. The results suggested that high ambient temperatures, as used in burn medicine, negatively affect human concentration capacity. The initial assessment of concentration capacity yielded homogenous values. After heat exposure, subjects wearing cooling wear showed a higher concentration capacity and a lower error rate compared to subjects without cooling wear. Summing up, temperature-related decrements in vigilance and performance among medical personnel may impair the patients’ outcome. As an opportunity to withstand thermal stress and improve medical care and safety, cooling wear showed promising results and may be used as a heat alleviator. Burn medicine may particularly benefit from further development and rigorous investigation of cooling strategies.
Incorporating Peer Learning Into Your Breast Imaging Practice
Authors: Schafer Leah E , Perry Hannah , Fishman Michael DC , Jakomin Bernadette V , Slanetz Priscilla J 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Traditional score-based peer review has come under scrutiny in recent years, as studies have demonstrated it to be generally ineffective at improving quality. Many practices and programs are transitioning to a peer learning model to replace or supplement traditional peer review. Peer learning differs from traditional score-based peer review in that the emphasis is on sharing learning opportunities and creating an environment that fosters discussion of errors in a nonpunitive forum with the goal of improved patient care. Creating a just culture is central to fostering successful peer learning. In a just culture, mistakes can be discussed without shame or fear of retribution and the focus is on systems improvement rather than individual blame. Peer learning, as it pertains to breast imaging, can occur in many forms and venues. Examples of the various formats in which peer learning can occur include through individual colleague interaction, as well as divisional, multidisciplinary, department-wide, and virtual conferences, and with the assistance of artificial intelligence. Incorporating peer learning into the practice of breast imaging aims to reduce delayed diagnoses of breast cancer and optimize patient care.
A positive feedback regulatory loop involving the lncRNA PVT1 and HIF-1α in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Zhu Yiping , Wu Fang , Gui Weiwei , Zhang Nan , Matro Erik , Zhu Linghua , Eserberg Daniel Turunen , Lin Xihua 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Extreme hypoxia is among the most prominent pathogenic features of pancreatic cancer (PC). Both the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) and hypoxic inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) are highly expressed in PC patients and play a crucial role in disease progression. Reciprocal regulation involving PVT1 and HIF-1α in PC, however, is poorly understood. Here, we report that PVT1 binds to the HIF-1α promoter and activates its transcription. In addition, we found that PVT1 could bind to HIF-1α and increases HIF-1α post-translationally. Our findings suggest that the PVT1‒HIF-1α positive feedback loop is a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of PC.
A multidisciplinary neuro-oncological triage panel reduces the time to referral and treatment for patients with a brain tumor
Authors: de Swart Merijn E , Kouwenhoven Mathilde C M , Hellingman Tessa , Kuiper Babette I , Gorter de Vries Cathelijne , Leembruggen-Vellinga Machteld , Maliepaard Niels K , Wouda Ernest J , Moraal Bastiaan , Noske David P , Postma Tjeerd J , Sanchez Aliaga Esther , Uitdehaag Bernard M J , Vandertop William P , Zonderhuis Barbara M , Kazemier Geert , de Witt Hamer Philip C , Schuur Maaike 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundRegional collaboration and appropriate referral management are crucial in neuro-oncological care. Lack of electronic access to medical records across health care organizations impedes interhospital consultation and may lead to incomplete and delayed referrals. To improve referral management, we have established a multidisciplinary neuro-oncological triage panel (NOTP) with digital image exchange and determined the effects on lead times, costs, and time investment.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted from February 2019 to March 2020. All newly diagnosed patients referred to Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam were analyzed according to referral pathway: (1) standard referral (SR), (2) NOTP. The primary outcome was lead time, defined as time-to-referral, time-to-treatment, and total time (median days [interquartile range]). Secondary outcomes were costs and time investment.ResultsIn total, 225 patients were included, of whom 153 had SR and 72 NOTP referral. Patients discussed in the NOTP were referred more frequently for first neurosurgical consultation (44.7% vs 28.8%) or combined neurological and neurosurgical consultation (12.8% vs 2.5%, P = .002). Time-to-referral was reduced for NOTP referral compared to SR (1 [0.25-4] vs 6 [1.5-10] days, P &lt; .001). Total time decreased from 27 [14-48] days for the standard group to 15 [12-38.25] days for the NOTP group (P = .040). Costs and time investment were comparable for both groups.ConclusionImplementation of digital referral to a multidisciplinary NOTP is feasible and leads to more swift patient-tailored referrals at comparable costs and time investment as SR. This quality improvement initiative has the potential to improve collaboration and coordination of multidisciplinary care in the field of neuro-oncology.
Identification of characteristics that determine behavioral and personality changes in adult glioma patients
Authors: Zwinkels Hanneke , Dirven Linda , Bulbeck Helen J , Grant Robin , Habets Esther J J , Koekkoek Johan A F , Oberg Ingela , Oliver Kathy , Pace Andrea , Rooney Alasdair G , Vos Maaike J , Taphoorn Martin J B 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background
Glioma patients may experience behavioral and personality changes (BPC), negatively impacting their lives and that of their relatives. However, there is no clear definition of BPC for adult glioma patients, and here we aimed to determine which characteristics of BPC are relevant to include in this definition.

Methods
Possible characteristics of BPC were identified in the literature and presented to patients and (former) caregivers in an online survey launched via the International Brain Tumour Alliance. Participants had to rate the relevance of each presented characteristic of BPC, the three characteristics with the most impact on their lives, and possible missing characteristics. A cluster analysis and discussions with experts provided input to categorize characteristics and propose a definition for BPC.

Results
Completed surveys were obtained from 140 respondents; 35% patients, 50% caregivers, and 15% unknown. Of 49 proposed characteristics, 35 were reported as relevant by at least 25% (range: 7%-44%) of respondents. Patients and caregivers rated different characteristics as most important. Common characteristics included in the top 10 of both patients and caregivers were lack of motivation, change in being socially active, not able to finish things, and change in the level of irritation. No characteristics were reported missing by ≥5 respondents. Three categories of BPC were identified: (1) emotions, needs, and impulses (2) personality traits, and (3) poor judgement abilities.

Conclusion
The work resulted in a proposed definition for BPC in glioma patients, for which endorsement from the neuro-oncological community will be sought. A next step is to identify or develop an instrument to evaluate BPC in glioma patients.
Bartonella quintana Infection Manifesting as Leucocytoclastic Vasculitis Rash
Authors: Hopkins Brian J , Prokesch Bonnie C 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We present the first case described in the literature of leucocytoclastic vasculitis due to Bartonella quintana infection. A 73-year-old woman presented to the hospital with persistent fevers, retro-orbital headache, generalized weakness, and left lower thigh pain for 1 week. She was found to have truncal and proximal lower extremity papules and small plaques. Serology revealed Bartonella quintana immunoglobulin M (IgM) titer of 1:256 with undetectable Bartonella quintana immunoglobulin G (IgG) and undetectable Bartonella henselae IgG and IgM. Skin biopsy of an abdominal lesion revealed fibrinoid necrosis of vessel walls in the superficial and mid-dermis consistent with leucocytoclastic vasculitis. Doxycycline 100 mg orally twice daily was initiated, after which she had defervescence within 36 hours and rapid improvement of other presenting symptoms.
Retracted: Meta-analysis of Randomized Trials of Ivermectin to Treat SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Hill Andrew , Garratt Anna , Levi Jacob , Falconer Jonathan , Ellis Leah , McCann Kaitlyn , Pilkington Victoria , Qavi Ambar , Wang Junzheng , Wentzel Hannah 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Ivermectin is an antiparasitic drug being investigated for repurposing against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Ivermectin showed in vitro activity against SARS-COV-2, but only at high concentrations. This meta-analysis investigated ivermectin in 23 randomized clinical trials (3349 patients) identified through systematic searches of PUBMED, EMBASE, MedRxiv, and trial registries. The primary meta-analysis was carried out by excluding studies at a high risk of bias. Ivermectin did not show a statistically significant effect on survival (risk ratio [RR], 0.90; 95% CI, 0.57 to 1.42; P = .66) or hospitalizations (RR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.36 to 1.11; P = .11). Ivermectin displayed a borderline significant effect on duration of hospitalization in comparison with standard of care (mean difference, –1.14 days; 95% CI, –2.27 to –0.00; P = .05). There was no significant effect of ivermectin on time to clinical recovery (mean difference, –0.57 days; 95% CI, –1.31 to 0.17; P = .13) or binary clinical recovery (RR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.94 to 1.50; P = .15). Currently, the World Health Organization recommends the use of ivermectin only inside clinical trials. A network of large clinical trials is in progress to validate the results seen to date.
Properties of Skyrme force as a residual interaction in beyond-mean-field theories
Authors: Tohyama Mitsuru 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In an effort to find an effective interaction that can consistently be used for both the mean-field part and the residual part in beyond-mean-field theories, the properties of the Skyrme interactions as a residual interaction are investigated. The time-dependent density-matrix theory (TDDM) is used as a beyond-mean-field theory and the ground states of $^{16}$O and $^{40}$Ca are calculated using the five standard parametrizations of the Skyrme interaction, which differ in density and momentum dependence. It is found that the Skyrme interaction, which has strong density dependence and weak momentum dependence, induces substantial ground-state correlations comparable to the results of other theoretical calculations.
A Chivalric Show of Civic Virtue: The Society of Prince Arthur’s Archers
Authors: Brown Felicity 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This article explores civic pageantry’s role in detaching King Arthur and aspects of the Arthurian world from the narratives of the medieval tradition by examining the Society of Prince Arthur’s show, a popular event hosted by an archery fraternity in late sixteenth-century London. The processional nature of the Society’s annual show, the account of the Society provided by Richard Mulcaster, and readers’ annotations in copies of Richard Robinson’s The Ancient Order, Societie, and Unitie Laudable of Prince Arthure and his knightly armory of the Round Table (1583) reveal the importance of performance in the early modern reimagining of Arthur and his knights as symbols of civic virtue. The Society’s adaptations of Arthurian characters and the chivalry of the Round Table thus influence both satirical responses to chivalric literature in the period and Edmund Spenser’s presentation of the Arthurian legend in The Faerie Queene (1590).
Phylogeny, species delimitation and biogeography of the endemic Palaearctic tribe Tomarini (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)
Authors: Krupitsky Anatoly V , Shapoval Nazar A , Schepetov Dmitry M , Ekimova Irina A , Lukhtanov Vladimir A 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe tribe Tomarini is represented by the sole genus Tomares, comprising about eight species distributed from the western Mediterranean to Central Asia. We carried out a multilocus phylogenetic and a biogeographical analysis to test the taxonomy of the genus by several molecular species delimitation methods and reveal patterns shaping the current distribution of Tomares. The phylogenetic analysis based on four molecular markers recovered the monophyly of the genus and recovered two deep-branching lineages: an African clade and an Asian clade. Species delimitation analyses suggested six or ten putative species depending on the method applied. The haplotype network analysis of the Tomares nogelii clade revealed no phylogeographical and taxonomic structure. We consider the taxon Tomares nesimachus (syn. nov.) a synonym of T. nogelii and reinstate Tomares callimachus dentata stat. rev. for populations from south-eastern Turkey. Tomares originated between the early Oligocene and the early Miocene, most probably in south-west Asia. The split of the most recent common ancestor of Tomares occurred between the middle-late Miocene and middle-late Pliocene, probably as a response to increasing aridification and habitat fragmentation. Differentiation of the Asian clade took place in south-west Asia during the Pliocene and Pleistocene and coincided temporally with the evolution of Tomares host plants of the genus Astragalus (Fabaceae).
Medial Submuscular Plating of the Distal Femur
Authors: Neiman Rafael , Finkemeier Christopher G. 
Published: July 2021

Summary:
Distal femur fractures are often treated with laterally based plate constructs. The use of medial plates is less common because of the concern for the proximity to vascular structures. With a solid understanding of the anatomy, the technique can be used more frequently to optimize fixation in medial distal femur fractures and osteoporotic, comminuted, bone loss, and periprosthetic fractures. This video demonstrates a safe technique for the medial submuscular plating of a distal femur fracture. The video covers indications for surgery and provides detailed anatomy of the structures at risk, especially the superficial femoral artery system.
Staged Reconstruction of a Moore Type 4 Fracture Dislocation, Parts 1 and 2
Authors: Schultz Blake J. , Lowe Dylan T. , Pean Christian A. , Alaia Michael J. , Egol Kenneth A. 
Published: July 2021

Summary:
High-energy tibial plateau fractures are associated with knee fracture dislocations and concomitant ligamentous injury. Both bony and ligamentous injuries can require surgical fixation, often requiring a multidisciplinary team and staged treatment. This article and accompanying video describe the workup and treatment of a Moore type 4 tibial plateau rim compression fracture with posterolateral corner and anterior cruciate ligament rupture that underwent open reduction internal fixation of the tibial plateau with posterolateral corner reconstruction and then staged anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with quad tendon autograft.
Triceps-Sparing Approach for Distal Humerus Fixation
Authors: Lee Christopher , Brodke Dane J. 
Published: July 2021

Summary:
The triceps-sparing approach to the posterior humerus affords broad exposure for fracture fixation with a minor risk of radial nerve palsy. By using a muscle-sparing interval, the approach facilitates reduction and fixation of humeral shaft and extra-articular distal humerus fractures without injury to the triceps. This video demonstrates the triceps-sparing approach used in the surgical treatment of a 23-year-old man with an extra-articular distal humerus fracture.