bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Сontrol of potato diseases and pests using modern insecto-fungicidal products
Authors: Borzykh O. , Shyta O. , Serhiienko V. , Tkalenko H. 
Published: August 2021

Goal. To study the effect of insect-fungicidal dressing agents on the development of diseases and damage by pests to potato tops and tubers during the growing season and during harvesting. Determine the effectiveness of drugs.
Methods. Investigated combined dressing agents containing preparations of insecticidal and fungicidal action. The setting of experience, observation, accounting of harmful objects and determination of the effectiveness of the drugs were carried out using generally accepted research methods. Tuber analysis was carried out by determining each fraction in relation to the total mass of potatoes in the selected samples. The yield was determined by the gravimetric method.
Results. The use of insect-fungicidal dressing agents for the pre-planting treatment of potato tubers has shown their high efficiency. The effectiveness of the disinfectants against the Colorado potato beetle was 100% the entire period from the emergence of adults to the mass development of larvae. Against dry spot, which dominated in potato plantings, the treatment efficiency was at the initial period at the level of 43.6—53.2%, for the entire observation period — at the level of 26—36%, depending on the preparation. The drugs Emesto Quantum, 273.5 FS, TH and Celest Top 312.5 FS were characterized by a high level of protective action, because with. The use of insect-fungicidal dressing agents increased the yield of healthy standard products by an average of 30% due to a decrease in tubers affected by diseases and damaged by pests. The potato yield in the experimental variants was 2.4—2.8 times higher than in the control (without treatment).The highest yield was obtained in variants with the use of the preparation Celest Top 312.5 FS, because with. and a mixture of insecticidal and fungicidal disinfectants Cruiser 350 FS, because with. + Maxim 025 FS, because with.
Conclusions. The use of combined insecticidal and fungicidal disinfectants for the treatment of potato tubers had high technical, economic and economic efficiency. Treatment of tubers 100% controlled the development of the Colorado potato beetle during its mass development and significantly limited the development of Alternaria during the growing season. Due to the limitation of the development of pests and diseases on the tops and tubers, the yield of potatoes in the variants with dressing of tubers was 2.4—2.8 times higher than in the control (without treatment).
Anti-resistant plant protection system against harmful arthropods
Authors: Vlasova О. , Sekun M. , Zatserklyana M. 
Published: August 2021

Goal. To substantiate and develop an anti-resistant system of protection of crops and perennials from harmful arthropods.
Methods. The sensitivity of phytophages on natural populations collected on winter wheat, soybean, and rapeseed crops was determined by various methods of their poisoning: immersion of insects on inhabited plants, immersion of insects in gauze bags for 3 seconds. in a suitable solution of insecticide. The methods are based on the study of the pest’s response to a series of doses of the drug — from the minimum, causing mortality of 5—10% of normal-sensitive individuals, to the maximum (mortality of 90% or more). Toxicological parameters were calculated using the PROBAN program.
Results. Different sensitivity of natural populations of arthropods to modern insecticides is revealed. Techniques for the rational use of insecticides populations and the use of alternative biological and immunological methods.
Conclusions. An effective measure to prevent and inhibit the formation of resistant populations of harmful arthropod species to insecticides is an anti-resistant plant protection system. It includes monitoring the resistance of natural populations of harmful phytophagous species, identifying the type of resistance and the rational use of chemicals.
SURGICAL SITE INFECTIONS, AN EXPERIENCE AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Lailama Shah  , Shahzada Amir Muhammad Baber  , Shabir Ahmed Lehri  , Khan Muhammad iqbal , Ibrahim Baloch  
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Surgical site (SSI) infections are important cause of morbidity and mortality in admitted patients worldwide. The objective is to determine the incidence of surgical site infection in General Surgical ward of tertiary care hospital.
METHODOLOGY: Analytical cross-sectional study conducted at Department of General Surgery, Bolan Medical College/ Post-Graduate Medical Institute Quetta (PGMI) for a period of one year from 1st August 2019 to 31st July 2020. Descriptive statistics were used to present social economics, factors related to surgery and surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis received. Chi square test was used for checking association between infections and different factors keeping p≤ 0.05 as significant.
RESULTS: A total of 1500 patients underwent surgery, of which 500 (33.33%) patients were operated as elective cases and 1000 (66.66%) cases as emergency. Out of total 600 (40%) patients developed Surgical Site Infection (SSI). Risk associated with higher incidence of SSI was found to be age (30-45 years) and Diabetes mellitus (uncontrolled diabetes in perioperative period). Postoperatively obesity was noted to be having significant effect with p=0.002, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score having p-value 0.045, hospital stay with p<0.001 and surgical type and previous surgical history with p<0.001, were as duration of surgery was having <0.001.
CONCLUSION: Prevention of SSI’s requires a multipronged approach with emphasis on optimizing preoperative issues, adhering to strict protocols during the intraoperative period and addressing and optimizing metabolic and nutritional status in post-operative period.
VARIETY OF DRUGS SOLD WITHOUT PRESCRIPTION FOR COMMONLY PRESENTING COMPLAINTS IN RURAL AND URBAN PHARMACIES OF FAISALABAD DISTRICT
Authors: Muhammad Hamza Rana  , Muhammad Husnain  , Muhammad Hamza Iqbal  , Noor-i-Kiran Naeem  , Usman Muhammad , Yaqoob Yasir 
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Pharmacies play an important role in provision of health care to the community.The objective of the study was to explore the reasons for a variety of drugs sold without prescription for commonly presenting complaints in Rural and Urban Pharmacies of Faisalabad District.
METHODOLOGY: This explanatory sequential mixed method design involved workers from twenty-five pharmacies from urban and rural areas of Faisalabad from February to July 2020. After obtaining informed consent, fifty pharmacy workers filled a pre-designed questionnaire (followed by twenty-five semi-structured, individual, face-to-face interviews. Quantitative data was analyzed via SPSS software and transcribed interviews were organized manually for data analysis.
RESULTS: Response rate was 76.2%. As reported by the pharmacists,40% and 90% of urban and rural population respectively came to pharmacies for over-the-counter drugs. Fifty percent belonged to middle class among urban and 70% belonged to rural population. Data analysis led to formation of 36 codes, 6 subthemes and 3 themes. Out of the four reasons quoted by the pharmacists (time constraints, lack of basic facility locally, financial constraints, and myths/fear of going to doctor), there was a statistically significant difference for rural population going directly to pharmacies because of financial constraints.
CONCLUSION:
Lack of education and financial constraints are the leading influential factors for people taking over-the-counter drugs in both rural and urban population, with time constraints being at the top list among urban population. Robust policies and public health care programs can lead to public awareness at large and can help in creating an environment of health care provision with MINIMAL RISKS.
COMPARISON OF EFFICACY OF INJECTABLE STEROIDS VERSUS CONSERVATIVE MANAGEMENT FOR DE QUERVAINS’S TENOSYNOVITIS
Authors: Nasim Ilyas  , Fouzia Hanif  , Rajesh Kumar Panjwani  , Sheikh Kashif Rahim  , Asma Abdul Qadeer  , Abdul Hameed  
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: De Quervain's tenosynovitis is tenosynovitis of the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis tendons, occurs due to chronic overuse of the wrist and hand. To compare effectiveness of steroid injection with conservative management of De Quervains’s tenosynovitis.
METHODOLOGY: Randomized prospective study was conducted at the various private orthopedic clinic across Rawalpindi district, along with collaboration of community medicine department, Rawal Institute of health sciences, Islamabad. The study population was divided into two groups, i.e., group A and group B. Group A was given inj. corticosteroid and group B was given conservative management. The severity of pain (Visual analogue scale) and Finkelstein test were recorded on baseline and after 3 weeks follow up.
RESULTS: Our study included 96 diagnosed cases of de Quervains tenosynovitis on a positive Finkelstein test; 48 were given corticosteroid injection and 48 were conservatively treated. The mean age in corticosteroid’s injection group was 34.76+6.95 years whereas the mean age in conservative management group was 31.7+8.91 years. Post-intervention 13, 29 patients had a positive Finkelstein test in corticosteroid and conservative groups respectively. Although the difference in pre intervention pain score between the two groups was not statistically significant but significantly lesser pain scores in the corticosteroid group; (p= 0.00).
CONCLUSION: Steroid injection produced better results in terms of relief in pain and negative Finkelstein test as compared to conservative treatment.
EFFICACY OF TAMSULOSIN IN PATIENTS WITH BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA IN TERMS OF TRIAL WITHOUT CATHETER, A RANDOMIZED CONTROL TRIAL
Authors: Farhan Khan  , Usman Qamar  , Saifullah Muhammad , Muhammad Sheraz Javed  , Ahsan Ali Arain  , Muhammad Sohail  , Murli Lal  
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a prevalent cause of voiding problems in older males and is most commonly associated with acute urological complications, most important of which is acute urinary retention (AUR). α1- antagonists are the treatment of choice for the management of patients with BPH. Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of tamsulosin for the treatment of patients with AUR due to BPH in terms of trial without catheter (TWOC).
METHODOLOGY: This randomized control trial was conducted in a Urology Section, Department of Surgery, SIUT Karachi, from 21-12-2016 to 20-06-2017. Our study included 136 patients who presented AUR due to BPH as per selection criteria. Patients were randomized into two groups. Group A patients received tamsulosin (0.4 mg), and group B patients received placebo drug immediately after insertion of Foley catheter. The success of TWOC was evaluated after 3 days of medical treatment. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS v20.0.
RESULTS: The mean age of the study patients was 59.45 + 8.05 years. The mean duration of BPH disease was 15.39 + 6.84 months. There were 33 (48.5%) patients in the tamsulosin group in which TWOC was successful and only 22 (32.4%) patients in placebo group in which TWOC was successful (p-value 0.04). There was no effect of age and duration of BPH disease on the outcome of this study.
CONCLUSION: Tamsulosin is effective for the treatment of patients with AUR due to BPH.
COMPARISON OF ANTHROPOMETRIC PARAMETERS BETWEEN OBESE MALE PARTICIPANTS WITH AND WITHOUT OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA
Authors: Shagufta Khaliq  , Mudassar Ali Roomi  , Muniza Saeed  , Komal Iqbal  , Shaheena Naz  , Huma Hussain  
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: The most common risk factors for Obstructive Sleep Apnea includes: Obesity and increased neck circumference in male gender. The objective of the study was to compare the anthropometric parameters between obese male participants with and without obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
METHODOLOGY: Study was conducted at Department of Physiology, Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore during 24 August 2014 to 26 May 2015. Obese males (n=64) with body mass index (BMI) >25kg/m2 and aged 20-45 years were recruited by convenience sampling. Screening of OSA was made by two subjective tools: STOP BANG Questionnaire, and Berlin Questionnaire while final diagnosis was made by overnight portable pulse oximetry. Study population was divided into two groups. Group-I comprised of 32 obese males with OSA. Group II had 32 obese males without OSA. BMI, neck circumference, and waist circumference were measured by standard methods.Comparison of variables was done between the groups by Mann-WhitneyUtest and t-test.
RESULTS: BMI was higher in group-I than in group-II (p=0.004). Median BMI for group-I was 30.83 (28.16–32.80) and for group-II was 27.99 (26.59–30.08) Kg/m2. A significantly higher neck circumference (p<0.001) was present in group-I (41.95±2.40cm) than group-II (39.66±2.07cm). Moreover, significantly higher median waist circumference (p<0.001) was present in group I (107.5cm) as compared to group-II (98.5cm).
CONCLUSION: Anthropometric parameters (BMI, neck circumference, and waist circumference) are higher in obese individuals with OSA as compared to obese males without OSA.
COVID-19 KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICES BETWEEN PAKISTANI MEDICAL AND NON-MEDICAL STUDENTS
Authors: Bushra Suhail  , Ayesha Masood  , Javaria Baig  , Sara Mukhtar  , Sarah Aftab  , Tahir Jamil  
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: This study investigated medical and non-medical students’ knowledge, attitude, and preparedness regarding COVID-19 pandemic, to groom volunteers and future healthcare providers in a better way.
METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study was completed from April to May 2020 during the first wave of COVID-19. An online questionnaire was distributed using internet and social media (SM). The questionnaire was composed of several parts concerning to demographic data, knowledge, attitude, and practices.
RESULTS: This study included 1851 students [1041(56.54% medical, 810(43.46%) non-medical students)]. Medical students had significantly better knowledge about the contagious nature, spread and treatment of coronavirus. Non-medical students showed more risky behavior compared to medical students (p = 0.005). The use of masks and the frequency of handwashing was better among medical students as compared to non-medical students (p< 0.001; p< 0.014, respectively). The odds ratio indicates that students of the age group 21-25 years (45%) and medical students (75%) were more likely to have a positive attitude.
CONCLUSION: This study revealed good knowledge, positive attitudes, and good practices towards COVID-19 among medical students. Still, a minority of participants from both groups revealed misconceptions and relatively poor conceptual knowledge regarding the disease.
Two new species of Erythroneurini from China (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae)
Authors: Yang Xiao , Luo Guimei , Song Yuehua 
Published: August 2021

The leafhopper genus Empoascanara Distant, 1918 encompasses 81 species, most of which are distributed in Afrotropical, Oriental and Australian Realm. The leafhopper genus Kapsa Dworakowska, 1972 encompasses 23 species, mainly known from the Oriental and Australian Realms.
Two new species of the leafhopper tribe Erythroneurini from Guizhou Province, China, Empoascanara dichotomus sp. nov. and Kapsa sinuose sp. nov. are described and illustrated. Identification keys to the males of the genera Empoascanara and Kapsa in China are proposed.
Moral and Professional Values of Nurses in Lebanon
Authors: Kouatly Iman , Nizam Maya , Arawi Thalia , Kurdahi Badr Lina 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Moral and professional values vary among cultures. The purpose of this study was to explore the moral and professional values of registered nurses at a university medical center in a Middle Eastern country and determine the relationship among formal ethics education, background variables (age, gender, nursing degree, regular daily prayer), and nurses' professional and moral values.

Method:
A cross-sectional survey method with 123 nurses was used. Data on background variables, moral and professional values, and confidence in ethical decision-making were assessed.

Results:
Professional values were significantly higher among older nurses and nurses with master's degrees compared with younger nurses and nurses with bachelor's degrees. Daily prayer was related to higher mean scores for moral values. Nurses were confident in their ethical decision-making; however, formal education in ethics did not influence professional or moral values.

Conclusion:

Although formal education in ethics did not influence the professional or moral values of nurses in Lebanon, this finding does not negate the need for future studies to investigate the content and duration of ethics education that is likely to affect professional or moral values.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2021;52(9):429–437.]
Construcción de un modelo de planificación para clases de aritmética vía e-learning e inteligencias múltiples
Authors: Santaella H. Adamitza , Torres Marialejandra , Quintana Yamilet 
Published: August 2021

El propósito de este estudio fue construir un modelo de planificación de clases asistido por E-Learning y la Teoría de Inteligencias Múltiples. Tal modelo estuvo orientado a facilitar el aprendizaje de diversos temas de Aritmética en los grados cuarto, quinto y sexto de la Unidad Educativa Nacional Los Naranjos, Parroquia La Vega, Caracas, Venezuela. Para ello se investigó la conexión existente entre la Teoría de Inteligencias Múltiples y E-Learning; expresada en términos de ciertas funciones de información -llamadas por las autoras Funciones de Información Tipo Tela de Araña- y el uso de Software Matemático como recurso didáctico fundamental. Para el estudio se utilizó la metodología cualitativa y comprendió: (a) la revisión teórica, (b) un diagnóstico de la escuela vía activadores y desactivadores de las inteligencias múltiples presentes en el entorno, (c) el reconocimiento y cuantificación de habilidades de los niños presentes en cada una de sus inteligencias múltiples, (d) el diseño de las clases usando E-Learning y la Teoría de Inteligencias Múltiples y, (e) la formulación de explicaciones e interpretaciones sobre los aprendizajes logrados. Los resultados obtenidos evidenciaron la validez del modelo propuesto para introducir y/o reforzar nociones de aritmética en la referida escuela.
El papel de la cognición y de la metacognición en la comprensión lectora
Authors: Ocanto Silva Isabel 
Published: August 2021

Este estudio se propone interpretar la influencia de las estrategias y procesos cognitivos y metacognitivos en relación con el fenómeno comprensión lectora de textos en inglés, a través de la interpretación del reporte fenomenológico hecho por un grupo de docentes del IUETAEB, actuando como sujetos de una experiencia de lectura. Se utilizó la Hermenéutica como metodología para el tratamiento de los testimonios. Los resultados evidencian el tipo de procesos y estrategias empleadas por los sujetos y la presencia de algunas sensaciones de efectividad y competencia. Se explican varios conceptos relativos al fenómeno mencionado en un diálogo entre teóricos, informantes y hermeneuta.
¿Cómo formar un docente investigador?
Authors: Díaz Quero Víctor 
Published: August 2021

Este artículo intenta responder la pregunta ¿Cómo formar un docente investigador? desde dos entidades de referencia: (a) Formación Docente y (b) Investigación. La formación docente está asociada a la emergencia de nuevas maneras de concebir el conocimiento y el proceso de la ciencia, en general, plantea nuevas interrogantes según las cuales no existen verdades absolutas, sino que su estatuto será siempre provisional. La formación docente debe orientarse hacia la formación de un docente-investigador. La investigación no es sólo un hecho metodológico, es un proceso de naturaleza compleja en el que interviene factores de muy variada naturaleza. Es un hecho social, cognitivo, discursivo, psicológico, organizacional (Padrón, 2002) y tiene muchas facetas adicionales al punto de vista epistemológico y esta relación docencia-investigación debe contribuir con el desarrollo de la sociedad y del país, pero no un desarrollo limitado a lo económico, sino con un fuerte impacto en lo social, cultural y ecológico.
Modelo teórico estratégico para la implementación de transferencia de tecnología del sector privado al sector educativo del estado Lara
Authors: Márquez José Luis 
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo refiere un estudio que tuvo por finalidad proponer un modelo teórico estratégico para la implementación de transferencia de tecnología de la empresa privada al sector educativo de Barquisimeto Estado Lara. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa con epistemología intersubjetiva, mediante la técnica de análisis de contenido y de discurso, sustentada en la Teoría Fundamentada de Strauss y Corbin (2002). La investigación se cumplió en tres fases: Modelo Conceptual Inicial, Modelo Empírico de Expertos y el Modelo Conceptual Final.Se plantea el Modelo Estratégico para la Implementación de Transferencia de Tecnología de la Empresa Privada al Sector Educativo el cual se concreta hacia la prestación de servicios de consultoría, investigación, capacitación y explotación de la investigación como práctica interconectada a los intereses de ambas estructuras de poder. La propuesta se presenta como una posibilidad conceptual para responder a las necesidades de problemas que tienen implicaciones económicas, sociales y científica - tecnológicas en el ámbito universitario y el tejido productivo.
Calidad de la gerencia en la Fase de Integración Docencia Administración en el Departamento de Idiomas Modernos de la UPEL-IPB
Authors: Oliva Ortiz Esteban Adolfo , Indave Montes de Oca Sady , Torrellas Echeverría Lusvic 
Published: August 2021

El propósito de este artículo es presentar los resultados de una investigación de carácter descriptivo que tuvo como objetivo analizar la calidad de la gerencia de la Fase de Integración Docencia Administración (FIDA) del Departamento de Idiomas Modernos de la UPEL-IPB. La metodología utilizada enmarca este estudio dentro de los límites de las investigaciones de campo e incorpora como elemento útil, para incrementar la credibilidad sobre sus resultados, la aplicación de un cuestionario direccionado a los sujetos de estudio: docentes guías, docentes auxiliares y estudiantes practicantes, todos ellos involucrados en el desarrollo y ejecución de dicha fase. Los datos fueron procesados mediante el uso de estadísticos descriptivos representados porcentual y gráficamente. Se pudo constatar que los procedimientos gerenciales que se cumplen en FIDA en el Departamento de Idiomas Modernos atienden a criterios de calidad establecidos desde tiempos remotos, por lo cual no se corresponden con las necesidades actuales de los estudiantes practicantes y centros de aplicación. Del mismo modo los resultados permitieron establecer criterios de calidad para gerenciar la fase con una visión prospectiva que permita lograr un reconocimiento local, regional, nacional e internacional del egresado de la UPEL.