bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theoretical and Electrochemical Evaluation of Cannabis Sativa L. Extracts as Corrosion Inhibitors for Mild Steel in Acidic Medium
Authors: Haddou Salima , Zaidi Kaoutar , Dagdag Omar , Hbika Asmae , Adil Mahraz Mohamed , Bouhrim Mohamed , Alqahtani Ali S. , Noman Omar M. , Kim Hansang , Aouniti Abdelouahad , Hammouti Belkheir , Chahine Abdelkrim 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe corrosion of metals in acidic environments remains a significant challenge, driving the search for sustainable and eco‐friendly inhibitors derived from natural sources. This study evaluates the corrosion inhibition potential of three extracts from Cannabis sativa L., namely ethanol extract (EET), hexane extract (EHX), and dichloromethane extract (EDM), for mild steel in a 1 M HCl acidic medium. The investigation employed weight loss (WL) measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) techniques. To understand their inhibitive performance, density functional theory (DFT) was used. For a more comprehensive theoretical analysis, Monte Carlo (MC) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used. The corrosion inhibition efficiency increased with the increase of EET, EHX, and EDM concentrations up to 91 %, 89 %, and 83 %, respectively, obtained at 308 K for a 0.8 g/L concentration. Polarization studies classify EET, EHX, and EDM as mixed‐type inhibitors with a predominantly anodic effect, functioning through adsorption on the metal surface. The adsorption of these extracts on mild steel conforms to the Langmuir isotherm model, with adsorption equilibrium constants (Kads) of 3.0143 M, 5.1245 M, and 2.2009 M for EET, EHX, and EDM, respectively, highlighting their potential as effective corrosion inhibitors. The EET extract exhibits a high activation energy (Ea) of 101.70 kJ/mol, while the EHX and EDM extracts show Ea values of 79.05 kJ/mol and 82.93 kJ/mol, respectively, all significantly higher than the Ea of blank, which is 30.23 kJ/mol, indicating that the extracts effectively inhibit corrosion by increasing the activation energy, with EET being the most potent inhibitor. Theoretical approaches based on DFT, MC, and MD simulations clearly explain the mode of adsorption of the majority of molecules on the metal surface. The inhibition process may result from a synergistic intermolecular effect of the major compounds in the extract, which interact at various active adsorption sites on the metal surface. Simulations indicate that catechin dihydrate in EET (52.42 %), linoleic acid in EHX (42.92 %), and naringenin in EDM (41.92 %) are close to the metal surface, suggesting strong interactions with the material. The results obtained from experimental measurements and theoretical calculations agree, highlighting the potential for developing more sustainable corrosion inhibitors based on plant‐derived compounds.
A new prediction diagnosis model of incomplete Kawasaki disease based on data mining with big data
Authors: Yang Zhen , Pan Bo , Liu Jia , Wang Haolin , Tian Jie 
Published: December 2024

AbstractKawasaki disease (KD) is an acute, self‐limited febrile illness occurring in children. In actual clinical situations, unlike complete Kawasaki disease (CKD), incomplete Kawasaki disease (IKD) lacks typical symptoms and is difficult to distinguish from many febrile illnesses, which poses a challenge to accurate diagnosis and misleading the treatment. Therefore, we investigated the independent risk factors for early prediction of IKD in children. In this research, 809 children suffering from IKD were recruited from the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from 2007 to 2017, as well as 2427 children were related to febrile diseases, divided into the IKD group and the other related febrile disease group. According to the results of univariate analysis, the study population was divided into three age groups to develop group‐specific models that demonstrated more effective performance. Finally, the 0–24 months old group obtained eight independent risk factors: CRP, LDH, UA, TP, ALB, RDA, PLT, and HGB, with the ROC curve showing an AUC of 0.862 in the predictive model and 0.88 in the new dataset. Meanwhile, LDH, UA, ALB, PLT, and MCHC were in the 24–60 months old group, among which AUC was 0.83 in the predictive model and 0.82 in the new dataset; the older group obtained LDH, UA, MCHC, and PLT, with an AUC of 0.7 in the predictive model and 0.8 in the new dataset. Particularly, UA is a new independent risk factor of IKD. These findings offer valuable insights into guiding the personalized diagnosis of IKD in pediatric patients.
Impact of race on discharge location for stroke survivors: Associations with home discharge from a retrospective analysis
Authors: Bright Lindsay , Baum Carolyn M. , Roberts Pamela 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundWhite stroke survivors often experience better outcome compared to their counterparts. Poststroke discharge location influences the subsequent rehabilitation that can support recovery and improve outcomes. However, few studies have looked at the association of race and discharge to home.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between demographic and clinical characteristics of stroke survivors and their discharge location.DesignRetrospective cohort.SettingLarge, urban, academic medical center.PatientsA total of 4633 stroke survivors admitted to the hospital with an acute onset diagnosis of ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, or transient ischemic attack between January 1, 2015 and April 30, 2023.InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasureDischarge location as reported in the electronic health record. The Social Vulnerability Index was used to examine the association between social vulnerability and discharge location from the hospital.Secondary Outcome MeasureDemographic and clinical characteristics of routine clinical care.ResultsThe majority of participants were White (62.1%), followed by Black (21.6%). Most patients were discharged home from the hospital (58.5%). White patients had the highest percentage of transient ischemic attacks (24.4%), lowest scores on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, (4.5), shortest lengths of stay (6.5 days), highest percentage of patients with no symptoms on the modified Rankin Scale (10.7%), and highest rates of home discharge (63.4%). Black stroke survivors had the highest rates of skilled nursing facility discharges (15.6%). Compared to White patients and patients of all other races, Black patients had a 27% lower odds of discharging home (odds ratio = 0.73, p = .001). Patients with higher levels of vulnerability in housing type and transportation had 35% lower odds of being discharged home compared to those with lower scores (odds ratio = 0.65, p = .002).ConclusionsRacial differences in stroke outcomes and home discharge were observed between stroke survivors in this study, emphasizing the importance of addressing these disparities in order to promote equitable health care delivery and optimal outcomes.
Prediction of Tidal Volume in Newborns Through a Novel Three‐Dimensional Model: A Viability Study
Authors: de Figueiredo Araujo Ana Gabriela , Bastos de Souza Junior Nilson Willamy , de Oliveira Holanda Norrara Scarlytt , de Magalhães Fabrício Anicio , Guerra Azevedo Ingrid , Silveira Letícia de Paula , Marques Felcar Josiane , Alves Pereira Silvana 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionAlthough noninvasive monitoring through quantifying rib cage movement has been useful in serial assessment of pulmonary function in newborns, measuring tidal volume (TV) is commonly performed invasively. As it is the most basic measure of pulmonary function, expanding its assessment to a noninvasive measure can contribute to clinical findings and interpretations in neonatal clinical practice.Objective(1) Create a noninvasive measurement tool for TV for neonatal clinical use; (2) Evaluate the agreement between measured TV and predicted TV.MethodsObservational study with healthy newborns. Predicted TV was calculated based on the newborns’ weight using the mid‐range of the volumes usually set during mechanical ventilation of term infants (5 mL/kg). For measured TV, newborns were filmed in supine position using a digital camera, and their chest circumferences were measured with a nonelastic tape. Body markers delimited the segmentation of the area of interest, and a MATLAB software routine established their relationship with the area in cm² and generated a representative image of the thoracic and abdominal areas in a cylindrical, elliptical‐based format, as well as a three‐dimensional model to represent quantitative data of measured TV. Paired t‐test assessed the means of measured and predicted TV, Pearson's correlation assessed level of association, and Kappa coefficient assessed the agreement between them.ResultsNewborns' gestational ages ranged from 38 to 40 weeks and weights from 2190 to 4125 g. A total of 56 respiratory cycles were validated for analysis. The mean predicted TV according to weight was 5.06 mL/kg, and measured TV was 5 ml/kg (p = 0.31), with a correlation of 0.7 (p < 0.001) and a kappa coefficient of 0.39 (p = 0.01).ConclusionsMATLAB software routine was a practical and easy‐to‐use tool to monitor noninvasive TV in a neonatal setting. There was no difference between predicted and estimated TV, with fair agreement between them.
Coconut Oil Mitigates the Effects of Aging on the Mongolian Gerbil Prostate
Authors: Guerra Luiz Henrique Alves , da Costa Castro Nayara Fernanda , Jubilato Fernanda Costa , Marques Letícia Aparecida , Leonel Ellen Cristina Rivas , Junior Stanislau Bogusz , Campos Silvana Gisele Pegorin , Rahal Paula , Taboga Sebastião Roberto , Calmon Marilia Freitas , Vilamaior Patrícia Simone Leite 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundBenign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a disease linked to the hormonal imbalance that occurs during aging and over the last decades, complementary and alternative medicines have come on the scene as a treatment option for BPH, such as herbal medicines. Coconut oil has been shown to be capable of interfering in testosterone‐induced BPH. However, until now there is no study of the effect of coconut oil during aging. The present study evaluated the effect of the intake of coconut oil on the prostate of aging gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus).MethodsTwo experimental groups were assigned: Gavage control (GC—animals subjected to gavage with water for 1 year, n = 11) and coconut oil (CO—animals subjected to gavage with coconut oil for 1 year, n = 11). Testosterone, and estradiol serum levels were determined by ELISA assay and histopathological analysis employed Hematoxylin–Eosin. Cell proliferation index was determined by PHH3 immunohistochemistry and TUNEL assay and receptors of androgen (AR) and estrogen (ERα and ERβ) were evaluated on the prostate.ResultsThe CO group exhibited a lower prostate weight (↓16.62%), decreased thickness of the prostate muscle stroma (↓18.27%), reduced expression of both AR (↓51.32) and ERα (↓14.26%) and reduced the percentage of BPH (↓1.53%) and intraepithelial neoplasms in the prostate (↓14.24%). Coconut oil intake mitigated age‐related changes and increased the rate of apoptosis in prostatic cells (↑54.32).ConclusionsCoconut oil treatment throughout aging helped counteract the negative effects of aging on prostate health.
‘I am Here to Peidu’: Children's Education as a Motive for Women's Return Migration
Authors: Gao Yueyue , Adaawen Stephen , Haartsen Tialda 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the relationship between children's education and return migration patterns among Chinese migrant women through the practice of peidu (accompanying children during their studies). Drawing on in‐depth interviews with 11 mothers aged 30–55 and participant observations in Qianshan, we examined how and why migrant women shape their return migration decisions around their children's education. Our research is contextualised within the existing literature on circular migration, structural constraints, upward social mobility, and the challenges faced by both transnational and internal peidu mothers. The findings reveal that mothers' primary motivation for returning is their aspiration to enhance their children's life opportunities through education. We observed an intergenerational shift in parenting approaches, with peidu evolving from accompanying children through senior high school to supporting younger children's education, reflecting changing childcare norms in China. The study also highlights how internal peidu mothers navigate emotional pressures while balancing full‐time employment with childcare responsibilities and how their access to family support varies depending on their proximity to schools versus family networks. The post‐peidu period frequently triggers thoughts of spousal reunion, which can occasionally lead to renewed outmigration, suggesting that educational accompaniment plays a significant role in shaping circular migration patterns.
A New Hybrid Control Scheme for Tracking Control Problem of AUVs With System Uncertainties and External Disruptions
Authors: Chaudhary Km Shelly , Kumar Naveen 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAutonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are highly nonlinear, coupled, uncertain, and time‐varying mechatronic systems that inevitably suffer from uncertainties and environmental disturbances. This study presents an intelligent hybrid fractional‐order fast terminal sliding mode controller that utilizes the positive aspects of a model‐free control approach, designed to enhance the tracking control of AUVs. Using a nonlinear fractional‐order fast terminal sliding manifold, the proposed control approach integrates intelligent hybrid sliding mode control with fractional calculus to guarantee finite‐time convergence of system states and provide explicit settling time estimates. The nonlinear dynamics of the AUVs is modeled using radial basis function neural networks, while bound on uncertainties, external disturbances, and the reconstruction errors are accommodated by the adaptive compensator. By using a fast terminal‐type sliding mode reaching law, the controller exhibits enhanced transient response, resulting in robustness and finite‐time convergence of tracking errors. Using fractional‐order Barbalat's lemma and the Lyapunov technique, the stability of the control scheme is validated. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is validated by a numerical simulation study, which also shows enhanced trajectory tracking performance for AUVs over existing control schemes. This hybrid technique addresses the complicated nature of AUV dynamics in unpredictable circumstances by utilizing the advantages of model‐free intelligent control and fractional calculus.
Design and Control Method of a Coupled Loading–Damping Mechanism of Cable‐Detecting Robots for Large Bridges
Authors: Xu Fengyu , Ma Kaiwei , Zhou Yangru , Zhang Shuai , Song Julong , Fan Baojie , Jiang Quansheng 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe climbing stability of cable‐detecting robots holds important significance for bridge detection. To improve the climbing stability of robots under cable vibration, a loading mechanism coupling variable stiffness and damping and a control method were proposed for robots. At first, aiming at the slip of cable‐detecting robots during climbing, the influences of cable vibration on the climbing stability of the robot and the damping mechanism of the variable‐stiffness and variable‐damping mechanism were assessed. Then, a new coupled loading mechanism was designed, and a mechanical model was established. The damping and stiffness were adjusted according to cable vibration, thus automatically adjusting the loading force of the robot. Afterwards, a fuzzy proportional–integral–derivative (PID) control strategy was devised and PID parameters were adjusted in accordance with cable vibration, thereby dynamically adjusting the clamping force of the coupled loading mechanism. Finally, a laboratory vibration test platform was established to conduct experiments on the output force of the coupled loading mechanism and on the robot climbing under vibration. Experimental results show that the maximum fluctuation amplitude of the climbing speed of the proposed robot decreases to 0.018 m/s, and the speed stability improves by 78.9% at the cable‐vibration frequency of 10 Hz and amplitude of 4 mm, when compared with the original common helical‐spring loading mechanism.
The future of money — seen from above
Authors: Merfield Annaliese Milano 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSantiago Mandirola's investment brochure describes a fictional world in which the collapse of the US dollar has transformed the global monetary landscape. This comment analyzes the brochure and its assumptions through the lens of the crypto community. It considers the highly centralized, technocratic vision of monetary governance put forth by the brochure against the crypto community's efforts to build decentralized, consensual alternatives to existing economic institutions. Highlighting crypto's engagement with issues such as inflation and distribution, the comment suggests that Mandirola's brochure overlooks important contemporary debates on economic governance and underestimates the growing significance of non‐state‐led monetary arrangements.
Austerity's implications: Parasitism and charity in an English village
Authors: Anyadike‐Danes Chima Michael 
Published: December 2024

AbstractEnglish political discourse has long featured accusations of parasitical behavior. In this article, I provide insight into how discussions of parasitism feature in English people's daily lives. Specifically, I discuss how more than a decade of austerity has informed perceptions of parasitical behavior. In exploring this, I make use of more than a dozen months of fieldwork conducted with residents of Lyon, a rural, postindustrial village in North East England. My specific focus is discussions of parasitism occurring in two fixtures of austerity‐era England: the food bank and the charity shop. After more than a decade of austerity, even those villagers volunteering at charity shops and food banks frequently engaged in conversations about parasitism. I draw on Michel Serres's scholarship on the parasite and place it in conversation with George Foster's various writings on the image of the limited good and the static economy to explain why this occurred. I suggest that the development of a worldview informed by a sense of limited good has encouraged beliefs about parasitism's contemporary prevalence.
Covalent Organic Frameworks with Tunable Bridge Positions for Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction to Propylene Under Visible Light Illumination
Authors: Huang Xiaoyan , Chen Yizheng , Xie Xiangjing , Song Ting 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe use of sunlight to convert CO2 into multi‐carbon fuels, particularly propylene, is considered a sustainable carbon cycle pathway, but propylene requires a multi‐electron‐coupled proton reaction process that has not been reported. Herein, two covalent organic frameworks (DA‐COF and DP‐COF) are prepared by varying the bridging positions of anthraquinone conjugated units. The experimental results show that the neighbouring bridge in DA‐COF forms a unique cleavage structure like an enzyme catalyst, which can provide an efficient microenvironment for the reduction reaction to trap protons. At the same time, the neighbor bridging in DA‐COF can form an electron donor‐electron acceptor structure to accelerate the photogenerated carrier migration. As a result, DA‐COF exhibits excellent visible light propylene production with a yield of 270.54 µmol g−1 and no C₃H₆ product is detected by the DP‐COF during the reduction process. This study presents a novel avenue for the production of high value‐added multi‐carbon products using photocatalysis.
Spatially Confined Construction of Ultrasmall Pd Clusters Within Nitro‐Bonded Covalent Organic Frameworks for Efficient Alkyne Semihydrogenation
Authors: Ma Xujiao , Zhang Zhong , Zhao Die , Peng Jiahui , Xing Songzhu , Huang Rui , Li Shujun , Ma Nana , Liu Yiwei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractConfinement of metal species in porous supports is an effective strategy to optimize hydrogenation performance ascribing to tunable nanopore environments. However, only focusing on the electronic structure modulation for metal species has limited the design of improved catalysts. Herein, spatial confinement strategy is reported for constructing ultrasmall metal clusters in nitro‐bonded COF (M@TpPa‐NO2, M = Pd, Pt, Ru, Rh, Ir). Thereinto, Pd@TpPa‐NO2 can achieve efficient co‐catalytic alkyne semi‐hydrogenation by the organic nitro units and the Pd clusters, with an outstanding phenylacetylene hydrogenation activity of TOF = 13756 h−1 and a high 94% styrene selectivity under 25 °C and 1 bar H2. In situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations confirm that the H2 dissociation occurs at Pd clusters and the nitro groups accept spilled H atoms for subsequent semi‐hydrogenation. The facile styrene desorption from TpPa‐NO2 support contributes to a high semi‐hydrogenation selectivity. This work provides new perspectives for designing efficient catalysts with overcoming the activity–selectivity trade‐off in selective hydrogenation reactions.
Tailorable Ionic Frameworks for Selective Gas Adsorption and Separation: Bridging Experimental Insights with Mechanistic Understanding
Authors: Xuan Luyun , Wang Hongxue , Wei Mingfeng , Li Bao , Wu Lixin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe selective adsorption and separation of gases using solid adsorbents represent a crucial method for the treatment of toxic gases and the preparation of high‐purity gases. The interaction forces between gas molecules and solid adsorbents are influenced by various factors, making precise design of adsorbents to achieve specific gas adsorption a pressing issue that requires urgent attention. In this study, a series of ionic frameworks constructed from Na+ and polyoxometalates (POMs) have been constructed through ionic interactions, and possess multiple adjustable parameters. These frameworks exhibit 3D open channels and demonstrate excellent thermal, humidity, and solvent stability. The synthesized ionic frameworks show strong adsorption capabilities for polar gas molecules such as SO2 and NH3, while exhibiting negligible adsorption for nonpolar or weakly polar gases like CO, O2, CH4, N2, and H2, thereby highlighting their significant gas selectivity. Theoretical calculations reveal that the interaction strength between the ionic frameworks and the polar gases is substantially stronger than that for other gaseous species, corroborating the experimental findings. This research not only provides a series of effective absorbents for polar gases but also elucidates key influencing factors on gas adsorption process, thereby inspiring new directions in the development of innovative gas adsorbents.