bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Políticas monetarias no convencionales en Estados Unidos. La trampa de la liquidez en la economía contemporánea
Authors: Duarte Cesar 
Published: August 2021

<p>El artículo analiza el fundamento teórico detrás de las políticas monetarias no convencionales implementadas en Estados Unidos a raíz de la crisis 2008 y la Gran Recesión, en la versión institucional oficial, a partir de la revisión de los informes publicados por la Reserva Federal y el Banco Internacional de Pagos. A esta perspectiva se contrapone el concepto de trampa de liquidez de la teoría keynesiana. Se muestra que el análisis teórico de estas instituciones ignora un elemento clave en el diagnóstico de las dificultades enfrentadas por la política monetaria, la situación de las expectativas respecto al futuro. Adicionalmente, se hace énfasis en la idea de que, en las condiciones actuales del capitalismo, la trampa de liquidez es un fenómeno permanente debido al poder que tienen los intermediarios financieros, lo que rompe con el mecanismo de transmisión tradicional de la política monetaria.</p><div><div><p> </p></div></div>
Raíces políticas de la ineficiencia del mercado de deuda pública en la eurozona
Authors: Waszkiewicz Grzegorz 
Published: August 2021

<p>La literatura internacional confirma la ineficiencia de los mercados de deuda soberana de la Eurozona antes de la última crisis, al mismo tiempo, adolece de la explicación suficiente de este fenómeno. Esto se debe a que las razones económicas y financieras no son completamente persuasivas, mientras que los aspectos relacionados con la política necesitan una aclaración más profunda.</p><p>Por lo tanto, este artículo tiene como objetivo definir las raíces políticas de la ineficiencia de los mercados de deuda soberana en la zona euro antes de 2009. Combinando el escrutinio de datos estadísticos con hallazgos de la literatura internacional, concluye que la gobernanza económica europea deformaba los requisitos de eficiencia del mercado. En consecuencia, los agentes del mercado que operan sin apoyo institucional no pudieron realizar una valoración fiable.</p><div><div><p> </p></div></div>
Reestructuración laboral en México frente al T-MEC
Authors: Cypher James M. , Crossa Mateo 
Published: August 2021

<p>Uno de los principales objetivos del T-MEC es la “legitimación” de las relaciones laborales de México bajo los nuevos criterios para la fuerza de trabajo mexicano. Las disposiciones laborales del T-MEC exigen la creación de instituciones clave financiadas por el gobierno de Estados Unidos (EU) y, sobre todo, México. Los asuntos relacionados con la implementación de la reforma laboral de México de 2019, la cual incorpora diversos elementos novedosos en torno a procesos de ratificación de contratos colectivos de trabajo y titularidad sindical, en la cual se prioriza el ejercicio de votación libre y secreto, ahora es oficio del Representante Comercial de Estados Unidos (United States Trade Representative, -USTR). Afirma el gobierno de EU que tiene el poder de monitorear los derechos laborales de México, lo que permite que el USTR actúe sin el consentimiento de México. Irónicamente, sindicatos de EU están abogando por un “salario digno” para los obreros mexicanos para evitar o disminuir la desindustrialización. La imposición desde afuera de un mejoramiento en los salarios miserables es algo inimaginable para la oligarquía mexicana y las empresas transnacionales de EU con fábricas y minas en México.</p><div><div><p> </p></div></div>
ANALISIS KEPEMILIKAN ASING DAN NILAI PERUSAHAAN NON-KEUANGAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI
Authors: Taduga Felix Kurniawan , Noval Muhammad 
Published: August 2021

This study aims to analyse impact of foreign ownership to value of non-financial companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange.The independent variables consist of Total Foreign Ownership, Foreign Institution Ownership, and Foreign Company Ownership. The variables control consist of size, age, dummy director. Variable dependent is Company Value, using Tobins'Q ratio. The research sample is 72 companies with purposive sampling sampling technique. Period of data is 5 years, from 2014-2018. Data panel regression using as data analysis method. The results showed that Total Foreign Ownership and Foreign Institution Ownership positively and still significantly at level of <15%. While Foreign Company Ownership has a positive but insignificant relationship to the value company. Size, Age, dummy director is not influence to value company. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kepemilikan asing terhadap nilai perusahaan pada perusahaan non-keuangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Variabel independen terdiri dari Kepemilikan Asing Total, Kepemilikan Institusi asing, dan Kepemilikan Perusahaan Asing. Variabel kontrol terdiri dari Ukuran perusahaan, Umur Perusahaan, dan dummy Direksi. Variabel dependen adalah Nilai Perusahaan, diukur dengan Tobin’s Q. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 72 perusahaan yang ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Periode data 5 tahun, yakni dari 2014-2018. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukan Kepemilikan Asing Total dan Kepemilikan Institusi Asing berpengaruh positif dan masih signifikan pada tingkat < 15% terhadap Nilai Perusahaan. Sementara Kepemilikan Perusahaan Asing memiliki pangaruh positif tetapi tidak signifikan terhadap Nilai Perusahaan. Ukuran Perusahaan, Umur Perusahaan, dan dummy direksi tidak berpengaruh terhadap Nilai Perusahaan.
ANALISISI PENGENDALIAN PERSEDIAAN BAHAN BAKU FERMENTASI BIJI COKELAT PADA RUMAH COKELAT DI KOTA PALU
Authors: Nihlah Hidayatun , Saleh Husein Hi. Moh. 
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sistem pengendalian persediaan bahan baku yang harus dilakukan oleh Rumah Cokelat dalam produksi cokelat.. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif, dengan menggunakan metode Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), Safety Stock dan Reorder Point. Berdasarkan analisi pembelian bahan baku fermentasi biji cokelat untuk produksi cokelat yang optimal menurut metode Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) selama tahun 2018 di Rumah Cokelat yaitu sebanyak 166,7 kg dengan frekuensi pembelian sebanyak 6 kali. Kuantitas persediaan pengaman atau Safety tock tahun 2018 sebesar 7.586 kg. Untuk jumlah Reorder Point tahun 2018 yaitu 7.594 kg. Dari hasil analisis diketahui total biaya persediaan menurut metode Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) sebesar Rp. 13.732.035,2, sedangkan berdasarkan kebijakan perusahaan total biaya persediaan sebesar Rp. 17.889.726,2. Sehingga jika Rumah Cokelat menggunakan metode Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) dapat menghemat biaya persediaan sebesar Rp. 4.157.691.
OPTIMIZATION OF ORE DEPOSITS SEISMIC FACTOR PARAMETERS DESIGN
Authors: Ляшенко В.И. , Бурдзиева О.Г. , Каргинов К.Г. , Голик В.И. 
Published: August 2021

Систематизированы особенности локализации и разработки месторождений руд сложного строения с развитой тектоникой и интенсивной трещиноватостью. Приведены результаты исследования влияния взрывных работ в экспериментальном блоке. Определены количественные параметры сейсмического действия взрыва с учетом закономерностей распространения сейсмовзрывных колебаний. Определена сейсмобезопасная величина заряда для промышленных и гражданских строений, жилых зданий и других объектов. Описаны закономерности распространения сейсмического действия взрыва в районе ведения горных работ. Даны рекомендации по применению природоохранных и ресурсосберегающих технологий для камерных систем разработки с закладкой выработанного пространства твердеющими смесями.
Systematized features of localization and development of ore deposits complex structure developed tectonics and intense fracturing. The results of studies of the effect of blasting operations in the experimental section. The quantitative parameters of the seismic action explosion taking into account the laws of propagation of seismic vibrations. Determined seismic safety for industrial and civil buildings, residential buildings and other objects of value of the charge.The regularities of seismic action of explosion in the area of mining. Recommendations on the use of environmental and resource-saving technologies for the development of camera systems with laying out space hardening mixtures.
ON ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES OF SCYTHIANS
Authors: ТУАЛЛАГОВ А.А. 
Published: August 2021

Статья посвящена проблемам использования скифами различных алкогольных напитков. Сведения источников позволяют полагать изготовление скифами особого напитка типа кумыса. Письменные и археологические источники указывают на широкое использование скифами виноградного вина. Его скифы приобретали у греков. Самостоятельно скифы выращиванием винограда (виноградарством) и виноделием не занимались. Проведенный автором анализ позволяет автору отвергнуть заявления некоторых исследователей об изготовлении скифами пива. Археологические источники дают основание полагать, что изготовление пива с использованием хмеля могло быть освоено аланами Северного Кавказа к периоду, когда подобное пиво появилось и в Западной Европе. Однако, по мнению автора, истоки традиций скифов и аланов применения алкогольных напитков были гораздо древнее и связаны с иными сакральными напитками, представленными в виде сомы индоариев и хаомы иранцев.
The article analyzes the ways Scythians used various alcoholic beverages. The data found in the sources enables to assume that Scythians manufactured special beverage like koumiss. Written and archaeological sources indicate that wine consumption was widespread among Scythians. Scythians bought it from Greeks. Scythians themselves were not engaged in grapes growing (viticulture) and wine-making. The analysis conducted allows the author to contest the conclusions of some researchers on beer brewing by the Scythians. Archaeological sources give reason to believe that beer brewing using hops could have been mastered by Alans of the North Caucasus by the very period when similar beer appeared in Western Europe. However, according to the author, the origin of Scythian and Alanic traditions to use alcoholic beverages goes farther and was associated with other sacred drinks, represented by soma of Indo-Aryans and haoma of Iranians.
IGOR G. DOBRODOMOV AND THE OSSETIAN LANGUAGE
Authors: Бесолова Е.Б. 
Published: August 2021

Статья посвящена вкладу доктора филологических наук, профессора Игоря Георгиевича Добродомова в исследование осетинского языка. Отмечается, что в ряде работ талантливого ученого даются содержательные этимологии аланизмов, заимствованных как русским, так и другими славянскими языками. Особый интерес вызывает освещение таких вопросов, как этимология, связанная с аланскими регулярными формами множественного числа хронология появления слов и различные версии их происхождения мотивировка гапакса семантическая и звуковая близость западнославянских форм и иранизмов связь иранского мира с западнославянскими языками и мн.др. Подробному рассмотрению подвергаются и факторы, свидетельствующие о влиянии аланского языка на славянские и русский языки, а также способствующие реконструкции утраченных лексем-аланизмов путем их поиска в иных языках с целью составления полного списка слов иранского происхождения. Относительная хронологическая иерархия лексем устанавливается методикой групповой реконструкции, осуществляемой на основе синонимического гнезда с опорой на осетинский язык, выступающего в качестве единственного сохранившегося потомка длительно существовавшего и многочисленного по количеству говорящих скифо-сармато-аланского языкового мира, с которым когда-то активно контактировали славянские народы.
The article is devoted to the contribution of Doctor of Philology, Professor Igor Georgievich Dobrodomov to the study of the Ossetian language. It is noted that in a number of the works by this talented scientist the substantive etymologies of Alanisms, borrowed by both Russian and other Slavic languages, are given. Of particular interest is the coverage of issues such as the etymology associated with the Alanian regular plural forms the chronology of the appearance of words and various versions of their origin hapax motivation semantic and phonic affinity of West Slavic forms and Iranisms connection of the Iranian world with West Slavic languages and many others. Factors that testify to the influence of the Alanian language on the Slavic and Russian languages, as well as to contributing to the reconstruction of lost Lexemes Alanisms by tracing them in other languages in order to compile a complete list of words of the Iranian origin, are also examined in detail here. The relative chronological hierarchy of lexemes is established by the method of group reconstruction, carried out on the basis of a synonymous nest based on the Ossetian language, acting as the only surviving descendant of the long-existing and with the numerous speakers Scythian-Sarmatian-Alanian language world, which the Slavic peoples once actively contacted.
DEMOKRASI PINCANG: ANALISIS TERHADAP INDEKS DEMOKRASI PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT PASCA REFORMASI
Authors: Fajri Hidayatul , Wahyuni Nila , Saputra Boni , Maani Karjuni Dt. 
Published: August 2021

Demokrasi dipercaya sebagai sebuah pilihan terbaik dari sistem politik modern. Namun begitu di dalam prakteknya, demokrasi seringkali dimaknai dalam posisi yang berbeda dari normatifnya dan seringkali dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan politik praktis. Oleh sebab itu perlu suatu ukuran yang dilakukan secara terus menerus untuk melihat apakah demokrasi tersebut bergerak maju. Indonesia memiliki Indeks Demokrasi Indonesia (IDI) yang bertujuan untuk memotret kondisi demokrasi Indonesia yang berbasis pada data di tingkat provinsi. Pekerjaan kami dalam artikel ini adalah menganalisis kondisi demokrasi di Provinsi Sumatera Barat yang belakangan sering mendapat sorotan publik akibat dianggap memiliki aturan-aturan yang kurang plural. Dengan mengolah data IDI dari tahun 2009 sampai 2019 secara statistik deskriptif, kami berupaya melihat lebih dalam tentang kondisi demokrasi di Sumatera Barat dan mendapati bahwa penyebab rendahnya indeks demokrasi Sumatera Barat bukan saja diakibatkan oleh adanya aturan tertulis yang membatasi kebebasan atau mengharuskan masyarakat dalam menjalankan agamanya yang menjadi sorotan publik namun juga diakibatkan oleh dominasi eksekutif dan lemahnya peran legislatif terutama dalam hal menginisiasi kebijakan yang kemudian ditetapkan menjadi peraturan. Dan kami berhipotesis jika eksekutif sering memanfaatkan kondisi itu untuk membuat kebijakan-kebijakan populis yang salah satunya adalah dengan kebijakan-kebijakan berbau “agamis” tersebut.
TOWARD ESTABLISHING A SUSTAINABLE TOURISM ON THE TALIMBARU VILLAGE IN THE KARO REGENCY
Authors: Herliani Rini , Zainal Andri 
Published: August 2021

This article aims to present a descriptive analysis related to the Embung Talimbaru Ecotourism Area (ETEA). The development of this ETEA refers to the actualization of the Talimbaru Village Mid-Term Development Plan (RPJMD) for 2016-2021 which has the potential for the realization of an ecotourism area that is not only suitable to support the Lake Toba Geopark Area, but also as the next New Bali program. Previous studies have highlighted the importance of strengthening the capacity of local communities in the development of community-based tourism that was characteristic of the previous era of tourism in Karo District. The priority issues that underline the importance of implementing business management and good governance in Village Owned Enterprise (known as BUMDES) activities, especially with the acceleration of the management of the ETEA as a leading local nature tourism object. In addition, the success of the sustainable management of the ETEA will be largely determined by the competence and professionalism of the human resources and infrastructure of the associated tourism village management ecosystem. Strategic actualization of the embodiment of a descriptive approach to the development of ETEA is presented in detail in the discussion segment toward preparing for Community Service program in both mono and multi-year schemes. Keywords: community-based tourism; descriptive approach; Embung Talimbaru Ecotourism Area; Community Service Program; Karo.
Use of Geospatial Tools in Morphometric Analysis and Prioritisation of Sub-catchments of the Soungrougrou (Casamance Basin)
Authors: Faye Cheikh , Ndiaye Modou 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The prioritisation of catchments, particularly in the context of catchment plans and management programmes, is part of water resources development. In fact, morphometric analysis assisted by geospatial technology is carried out by prioritising sub-catchments according to their natural resource availability characteristics. Information on the geomorphology and erosion factors of the study area is used in the area in the preparation of local models of ungauged sub-catchments, which otherwise lack an adequate hydrological database. The objective of this paper is to use geographic information systems (GISs) in morphometric analysis to prioritise sub-catchments of the Soungrougrou (a tributary of the Casamance River). In this respect, the integrated methodology involving morphometric aspects from geospatial technology is used. To carry out the geospatial research, basic mathematical equations used in a GIS environment were used to measure a series of aspects of hydrology such as flow length, flow length ratio, bifurcation ratio, drainage density, drainage texture, flow frequency, elongation rate, circularity ratio, form factor, relief and relief ratio. The results divided the whole catchment into three priority areas, namely high, medium and low. The results are relevant for establishing soil and water conservation plans in the Soungrougrou basin, as well as adequate groundwater production and management. The high category (sub-basins 6, 8, 14, 17 and 18) is subject to maximum soil erosion, which requires immediate intervention to avoid possible natural hazards.
Automated Machine Learning on Graphs: A Survey
Authors: Zhang Ziwei , Wang Xin , Zhu Wenwu 
Published: August 2021

Machine learning on graphs has been extensively studied	in both academic and industry. However, as the literature on graph learning booms with a vast number of emerging methods and techniques, it becomes increasingly difficult to manually design the optimal machine learning algorithm for different graph-related tasks. To solve this critical challenge, automated machine learning (AutoML) on graphs which combines the strength of graph machine learning and AutoML together, is gaining attention from the research community. Therefore, we comprehensively survey AutoML on graphs in this paper, primarily focusing on hyper-parameter optimization (HPO) and neural architecture search (NAS) for graph machine learning. We further overview libraries related to automated graph machine learning and in-depth discuss AutoGL, the first dedicated open-source library for AutoML on graphs. In the end, we share our insights on future research directions for automated graph machine learning. This paper is the first systematic and comprehensive review of automated machine learning on graphs to the best of our knowledge.
F. M. Dostoevsky in the Feature Story of G. A. Vyatkin
Authors: Lyapina A. V. 
Published: August 2021

Purpose.The purpose of the article is to find a suitable approach for the reconstruction of the creative biography of F. M. Dostoevsky presented in the opinion journalism of the Siberian poet, journalist, and publicist G. A. Vyatkin.Results. This article is the first noticeable contribution proposed in studying opinion journalism of the Siberian poet and journalist G. A. Vyatkin about F. M. Dostoevsky. It considers Vyatkin’s works in the context of tragic events in Russian history of the 1910–1920 years. This perspective is especially meaningful and beneficial in the light of the fact that Dostoevsky was almost unknown to the soviet society until the 1970s. His works were not a part of a school or university educational program.Conclusion. The article concludes by arguing that Vyatkin was one of the first to tell about Dostoevsky’s exile and hard life in the prison camp, about his compassion and worry for people. He recalled many forgotten facts of Dostoevsky’s biography, found and published quotes from official documents and literary critics.
Newspaper "Kavkazskie obyavleniya in the History of the Tiflis Press
Authors: Danielyan T. R. 
Published: August 2021

Based on the archival documents of the censorship committee, this article studies the factors that influenced the functioning and determined the suspension of the activities of the newspaper “Kavkazskie obyavleniya” (“Caucasian Advertisements”), as well as the policy and some characteristics of the newspaper.The development of advertising and reference newspapers in Tiflis in the second half of the 19th century had the following characteristics: discreteness, short publication time, broadening content, and frequent name change of newspapers. All newspapers of such type were published mainly in Russian, although when compiling the section of advertisements, the editorial boards, for the most part, gave preference to the principle of multilingualism. It was inherent for the vast majority of private periodicals in Tiflis.The newspaper “Kavkazskie obyavleniya” in some sense served as an accompaniment to the Tiflis newspapers and performed two functional roles: on the one hand, the newspaper work as an additional channel for the distribution of Tiflis press, on the other hand, the it accumulated advertising and reference information, and guaranteed the provision of this information to all readers of the Tiflis periodicals.In 1890, the censorship dismissed the publisher’s request to broaden the newspaper's content, and eventually this decision caused the closure of the newspaper.Despite the short period of existence, the newspaper “Kavkazskie obyavleniya” brought noticeable innovations to the advertising activities of the Tiflis periodicals: an endeavor to concentrate advertising and reference information in one information space and mutually beneficial cooperation with rival press.
Periodontoid pseudotumoral lesions
Authors: de Souza Batista Andrew Vinícius , de Aguiar Guilherme Brasileiro , Bennett Priscilla , Veiga José Carlos Esteves 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Periodontoid pseudotumoral lesions (PPL) are an uncommon cause of cervical pain and myelopathy. In addition, they may be associated with atlantoaxial instability (AAI).

Case Description:
Two patients over 60 years of age presented with neck pain alone. Their MR scans showed expansive lesions involving the odontoid process. One patient with AAI required an occipitocervical arthrodesis, while the other patient without instability was managed with an external orthosis (Philadelphia collar). Both of them experienced full resolution of pain and remained neurologically intact an average 36 months later (range 24–48).

Conclusion:
Here, we discussed the clinical, MR, and non-surgical (without AAI) versus surgical management (with AAI) for different types of PPL.