bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Voxel-Based Radiographic Analysis Reveals the Biological Character of Proneural-Mesenchymal Transition in Glioblastoma
Authors: Qi Tengfei , Meng Xiangqi , Wang Zhenyu , Wang Xinyu , Sun Nan , Ming Jianguang , Ren Lejia , Jiang Chuanlu , Cai Jinquan 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Proneural and mesenchymal subtypes are the most distinct demarcated categories in classification scheme, and there is often a shift from proneural type to mesenchymal subtype in the progression of glioblastoma (GBM). The molecular characters are determined by specific genomic methods, however, the application of radiography in clinical practice remains to be further studied. Here, we studied the topography features of GBM in proneural subtype, and further demonstrated the survival characteristics and proneural-mesenchymal transition (PMT) progression of samples by combining with the imaging variables.Methods: Data were acquired from The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA, http://cancerimagingarchive.net). The radiography image, clinical variables and transcriptome subtype from 223 samples were used in this study. Proneural and mesenchymal subtype on GBM topography based on overlay and Voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) analysis were revealed. Besides, we carried out the comparison of survival analysis and PMT progression in and outside the VLSM-determined area.Results: The overlay of total GBM and separated image of proneural and mesenchymal subtype revealed a correlation of the two subtypes. By VLSM analysis, proneural subtype was confirmed to be related to left inferior temporal medulla, and no significant voxel was found for mesenchymal subtype. The subsequent comparison between samples in and outside the VLSM-determined area showed difference in overall survival (OS) time, tumor purity, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) score and clinical variables.Conclusions: PMT progression was determined by radiography approach. GBM samples in the VLSM-determined area tended to harbor the signature of proneural subtype. This study provides a valuable VLSM-determined area related to the predilection site, prognosis and PMT progression by the association between GBM topography and molecular characters.
Pretreatment Inflammatory-Nutritional Biomarkers Predict Responses to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy and Survival in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
Authors: Wang Yijun , Chen Lejun , Zhang Biyun , Song Wei , Zhou Guowei , Xie Ling , Yu Dahai 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundTo evaluate the value of pretreatment inflammatory-nutritional biomarkers in predicting responses to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) and survival in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC).MethodsPatients with LARC who underwent nCRT and subsequent surgery between October 2012 and December 2019 were considered for inclusion. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR), and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) were calculated from according to routine laboratory data within 1 week prior to nCRT. The correlations between baseline inflammatory-nutritional biomarkers and responses were analyzed using Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the independent predictors of pathological responses to nCRT. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the correlations of predictors with disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).ResultsA total of 273 patients with LARC were enrolled in this study. Higher LMR and PNI were observed in the good-response group, meanwhile higher NLR and PLR were observed in the poor-response group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis results revealed that PLR and PNI independently predicted responses to nCRT. Multivariable Cox regression analysis determined that PNI was an independent predictor of DFS and OS in patients with LARC. The value of pretreatment PNI in predicting responses and survival was continuously superior to those of NLR, PLR, and LMR. The optimal cutoff value of the PNI was approximate 45. Subgroup analyses indicated that the pathological responses and survival in the high PNI group (≥ 45) were significantly better than those in the low PNI group (&lt; 45), especially in patients with clinical stage III rectal cancer.ConclusionThe pretreatment PNI can serve as a promising predictor of response to nCRT and survival in patients with LACR, which is superior to NLR, PLR, and LMR, and the patients with clinical stage III rectal cancer who have a higher PNI are more likely to benefit from nCRT.
LncRNA POU3F3 Contributes to Dacarbazine Resistance of Human Melanoma Through the MiR-650/MGMT Axis
Authors: Wu Kai , Wang Qiang , Liu Yu-Lin , Xiang Zhuo , Wang Qing-Qing , Yin Li , Liu Shun-Li 
Published: March 2021

Background: Alkylating agents are critical therapeutic options for melanoma, while dacarbazine (DTIC)-based chemotherapy showed poor sensitivity in clinical trials. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were highlighted in the progression of malignant tumors in recent years, whereas little was known about their involvement in melanoma.Methods: The functional role and molecular mechanism of lncRNA POU3F3 were evaluated on DTIC-resistant melanoma cells. Further studies analyzed its clinical role in the disease progression of melanoma.Results: We observed elevated the expression of lncRNA POU3F3 in the DTIC-resistant melanoma cells. Gain-of-function assays showed that the overexpression of lncRNA POU3F3 maintained cell survival with DTIC treatment, while the knockdown of lncRNA POU3F3 restored cell sensitivity to DTIC. A positive correlation of the expression O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) was observed with lncRNA POU3F3 in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatic analyses predicted that miR-650 was involved in the lncRNA POU3F3-regulated MGMT expression. Molecular analysis indicated that lncRNA POU3F3 worked as a competitive endogenous RNA to regulate the levels of miR-650, and the lncRNA POU3F3/miR-650 axis determined the transcription of MGMT in melanoma cells to a greater extent. Further clinical studies supported that lncRNA POU3F3 was a risk factor for the disease progression of melanoma.Conclusion: LncRNA POU3F3 upregulated the expression of MGMT by sponging miR-650, which is a crucial way for DTIC resistance in melanoma. Our results indicated that lncRNA POU3F3 was a valuable biomarker for the disease progression of melanoma.
Assessment of Efficiency and Safety of Apatinib in Advanced Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Long Zuoyao , Huang Mengquan , Liu Kaituo , Li Minghui , Li Jing , Zhang Hongmei , Wang Zhen , Lu Yajie 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundPrevious studies, both in vitro and in vivo, have established that apatinib has anti-tumor properties. However, insufficient empirical evidence of the efficacy and safety of apatinib has been published for bone and soft tissue sarcoma, the reported results differing widely. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and toxicity of apatinib for the treatment of bone and soft tissue sarcoma.MethodsPubmed, Medline, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Ovid, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Vip (China), Cnki (China), Wanfang (China), and CBM (China) databases and literature from conferences were searched for studies of apatinib for the treatment of bone and soft tissue sarcomas, published from the inception of each database to Sep 1, 2020, without language restrictions. Primary outcomes were efficacy and toxicity of apatinib for the treatment of bone and soft tissue sarcoma, including treatment response, progression-free survival (PFS), and the incidence of adverse events. After extraction of data and methodological quality evaluation, random or fixed-effects models, as appropriate, were selected to calculate pooled effect estimates using R software (Version 3.4.1).ResultsA total of 21 studies with 827 participants were included in the present meta-analysis. The mean MINORS score was 10.48 ± 1.75 (range: 7-13), indicating evidence of moderate quality. Pooled outcomes indicated that overall response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were 23.85% (95% CI: 18.47%-30.21%) and 79.16% (95% CI: 73.78%-83.68%), respectively. Median PFS ranged from 3.5 to 13.1 months, with a mean of 7.08 ± 2.98 months. Furthermore, the rates of PFS (PFR) after 1, 6, and 12 months were 99.31%, 44.90%, and 14.31%, respectively. Drug-related toxicity appears to be common in patients administered apatinib, for which hand-foot syndrome (41.13%), hypertension (36.15%), and fatigue (20.52%) ranked the top three most common adverse events. However, the incidence of grade 3-4 adverse events was relatively low and manageable.ConclusionsBased on the best evidence currently available, apatinib demonstrates promising clinical efficacy and an acceptable safety profile for the treatment of advanced bone and soft tissue sarcoma, although additional high-quality clinical studies are required to further define its properties and toxicity.
Centella asiatica Extract Attenuates Kidney Fibrosis Through Reducing Mesenchymal Transition and Inflammation in Ureteral Ligation Model in Mice
Authors: Sari Dwi Cahyani Ratna , Budiharjo Santosa , Afifah Husnari , Jasmin Destantry , Kokasih Orisativa , Putri Tiara Gitami , Arifiani Karina , Setyaningsih Wiwit Ananda Wahyu , Arfian Nur 
Published: March 2021

Background: Kidney fibrosis is the common final pathway of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and is characterized by inflammation, mesenchymal transition with myofibroblast formation and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Centella asiatia (CeA) is an herb that has a reno-protective effect. However, its mechanism of action in kidney fibrosis has not been elucidated.Aim: To elucidate the effect of CeA in amelioration of kidney fibrosis in a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model and focus on mesenchymal transition and inflammation.Methods: Unilateral ureteral obstruction was performed in male Swiss-background mice (age: 2–3 months, weight: 30–40 g, UUO group n = 6) to induce kidney fibrosis. Two doses of CeA extract with oral administration, 210 and 840 mg/kg body weight were added in UUO (U+C210 and U+C840 groups, each n = 6). The sham operation procedure was performed for the control group (SO, n = 6). The mice were euthanized at day-14 after operation. Tubular injury and interstitial fibrosis area fractions in kidney tissues of the mice were quantified based on periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and Sirius Red (SR) staining. Immunostaining was performed for examination of fibroblast (PDGFR-β), myofibroblast (α-SMA), Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) and macrophage (CD68), meanwhile double immunofluorescence was performed with PDGFR-β and α-SMA. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to examine mRNA expression of TGF-β, Collagen-1, Snail, E-cadherin, vimentin, fibroblast-specific protein 1 (FSP-1), CD68, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and MCP-1.Results: We observed a significantly higher interstitial fibrosis area fraction and tubular injury (p &lt; 0.001) with fibroblast expansion and myofibroblast formation in the UUO group than in the SO group. These findings were associated with higher mRNA expression of TGF-β, Collagen-1, Snail, vimentin, FSP-1, CD68, TLR4, and MCP-1 and lower mRNA expression of E-cadherin. The U+C840 group had a significantly lower tubular injury score and interstitial fibrosis area fraction, which associated with downregulation of mRNA expression of TGF-β, Collagen-1, Snail, vimentin, FSP-1, CD68, TLR4, and MCP-1, with upregulation of mRNA expression of E-cadherin. Immunostaining observation revealed the U+C840 group demonstrated reduction of macrophage infiltration and myofibroblast expansion.Conclusion: CeA treatment with dose-dependently ameliorates mesenchymal transition and inflammation in kidney fibrosis in mice.
Thermodynamic and Mechanical Properties of DMPC/Cholesterol Mixed Monolayers at Physiological Conditions
Authors: Bañuelos-Frias Alan , Castañeda-Montiel Victor Manuel , Alvizo-Paez Edgar Rogelio , Vazquez-Martinez Emmanuel Antonio , Gomez Eduardo , Ruiz-Garcia Jaime 
Published: March 2021

One of the main known effects of cholesterol is to rigidify the cell membrane throughout the so-called condensing effect. Although many studies have been done in mixtures of cholesterol with different membrane lipids, there are not many studies in a wide concentration range of cholesterol or at physiological conditions. In this work, we studied mixtures of DMPC/Cholesterol monolayers to determine the effect of cholesterol, from very low to physiological concentrations and two pHs. We use a Langmuir balance and Brewster angle microscopy to study their thermodynamic behavior at 37.0 ± 0.1°C at the air/solution interface. From the analysis of the (π−A) isotherms, we determined the excess area and the compressibility elastic modulus to determine the monolayers mechanical properties. Surprisingly, we found three main effects of cholesterol: The first one is a fluidization effect of the monolayer at all cholesterol concentrations. The second effect is the so-called condensing effect that appears due to the non-ideality of the mixture. The third effect is a stiffness of the monolayer as the cholesterol concentration increases. These effects are stronger in pure water, pH ≈ 6.6, than on buffer at physiological pH = 7.4. We also found that all mixtures are thermodynamically stable at all concentrations at a surface pressure of 30.1 ± 1.6 and 27.4 ± 3.2 mN/m in pure water and buffer, respectively. Furthermore, we compared this stability with a fatty acid monolayer that shows a much lower surface pressure equilibrium value that DMPC or its mixtures with cholesterol, indicating a possibly reason why double chain lipids are better than single chain lipids to made up the cell membrane.
Relationships Between Age, Frailty, Length of Care Home Residence and Biomarkers of Immunity and Inflammation in Older Care Home Residents in the United Kingdom
Authors: Castro-Herrera Vivian M. , Lown Mark , Fisk Helena L. , Owen-Jones Eleri , Lau Mandy , Lowe Rachel , Hood Kerenza , Gillespie David , Hobbs F. D. Richard , Little Paul , Butler Christopher C. , Miles Elizabeth A. , Calder Philip C. 
Published: March 2021

Aging is associated with changes to the immune system, collectively termed immunosenescence and inflammageing. However, the relationships among age, frailty, and immune parameters in older people resident in care homes are not well described. We assessed immune and inflammatory parameters in 184 United Kingdom care home residents aged over 65 years and how they relate to age, frailty index, and length of care home residence. Linear regression was used to identify the independent contribution of age, frailty, and length of care home residence to the various immune parameters as dependent variables. Participants had a mean age (±SD) of 85.3 ± 7.5 years, had been residing in the care home for a mean (±SD) of 1.9 ± 2.2 years at the time of study commencement, and 40.7% were severely frail. Length of care home residence and frailty index were correlated but age and frailty index and age and length of care home residence were not significantly correlated. All components of the full blood count, apart from total lymphocytes, were within the reference range; 31% of participants had blood lymphocyte numbers below the lower value of the reference range. Among the components of the full blood count, platelet numbers were positively associated with frailty index. Amongst plasma inflammatory markers, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), soluble E-selectin and interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10) were positively associated with frailty. Plasma soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM-1), IP-10 and tumor necrosis factor receptor II (TNFRII) were positively associated with age. Plasma monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 was positively associated with length of care home residence. Frailty was an independent predictor of platelet numbers, plasma CRP, IL-1ra, IP-10, and sE-selectin. Age was an independent predictor of activated monocytes and plasma IP-10, TNFRII and sVCAM-1. Length of care home residence was an independent predictor of plasma MCP-1. This study concludes that there are independent links between increased frailty and inflammation and between increased age and inflammation amongst older people resident in care homes in the United Kingdom. Since, inflammation is known to contribute to morbidity and mortality in older people, the causes and consequences of inflammation in this population should be further explored.
Tinjauan Kriminologis Pola Penjualan Kosmetik Illegal di Kota Bima
Authors: Syamsuddin  , Zuhrah  , Haryati Tia 
Published: March 2021

Penjualan kosmetik ilegal di Indonesia sangat berkembang pesat, lebih khususnya di Wilayah Kota Bima. Berbagai cara dilakukan para pelaku usaha untuk meraup banyak keuntungan, salah satunya dengan memproduksi dan memperdagangkan kosmetik ilegal. Produk kosmetik ilegal merupakan produk yang tidak memiliki izin edar dan tidak memenuhi syarat peredaran sediaan farmasi dan alat kesehatan dan/atau kosmetika berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 72 Tahun 1998. Produk kosmetik illegal ini tentu dapat menimbulkan dampak negatif bagi kesehatan. Efek samping kosmetik menimbulkan kekhawatiran pengguna kosmetik yang tetap ingin menjaga penampilan mereka. Adapun rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah: 1) Apakah faktor penyebab terjadinya penjualan kosmetik ilegal secara bebas di Kota Bima? 2) Bagaimana peran Loka Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (POM) dalam mengawasi penjualan kosmetik illegal di Kota Bima? 3) Apakah akibat hukum bagi pelaku usaha yang menjual kosmetik illegal secara bebas?. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian hukum Empiris atau disebut penelitian lapangan. Penelitian ini didukung dengan data primer sebagai data utama dan data sekunder sebagai data pendukung.Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa kesulitan ekonomi, banyaknya permintaan, ingin meraup banyak keuntungan serta kurangnya pengawasan menjadi faktor penyebab terjadinya penjualan kosmetik ilegal secara bebas. Sedangkan peran Loka POM yaitu melakukan pengawasan secara berkala serta melakukan uji sampling kandungan kosmetik berdasarkan analisa resiko. Adapun sanksi hukum bagi pelaku usaha yang menjual kosmetik ilegal yaitu sanksi administratif, saknsi pidana dijerat dengan Pasal 196 dan Pasal 197 Undang-Undang Kesehatan Nomor 36 Tahun 2009, dan sanksi perdata
Foreword
Authors: Darowski Roman 
Published: March 2021

In order to „open us fuller and better to Europe", we are starting with a new review FORUM PHILOSOPHICUM.
FORUM will be published once a year in English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, Latin and Polish. The articles in Polish will be followed by extensive summaries in foreign languages. Since we do not renounce Polish speaking readers, the articles in foreign languages are also followed by extensive summaries in Polish.
The State and the Rule of Law
Authors: Zoll Andrzej 
Published: March 2021

The changes brought about in Poland and elsewhere in Europe by the fall of Communism have given rise to hopes for the establishment of a political system differing from the one which had been the fate of these countries. In place of totalitarianism, a new political system is to be created based on the democratic principles of a state under the rule of law. The transformation from totalitarianism to democracy is a process which has not yet been completed in Poland and still requires many efforts to be made before this goal may be achieved. One may also enumerate various pitfalls jeopardising this process even now. The dangers cannot be avoided if their sources and nature are not identified. Attempts to pervert the law and the political system may only be
counteracted by legal means if the system based on the abuse of the law has not yet succeeded in establishing itself. Resistance by means of the law only has any real chance of success provided it is directed against
attempts to set up a totalitarian system. Once the powers which are hostile to the state bound by the rule of law take over the institutions of the state, such resistance is doomed to failure.
Spór o przygodność
Authors: Ziemiański Stanisław 
Published: March 2021

Na spotkaniu jezuitów-filozofów z terenu Europy (JESPHIL) w Padwie 29 sierpnia 1996 r. o. Joseph Schmidt SJ wykladowca w jezuickiej Hochschule für Philosopie w Monachium wygłosił referat pt.: Kontingenz - Freiheit - Theodizee [Przygodność - Wolność - Teodycea]. Sposród trzech punktów jego referatu ustosunkuję się tylko do pierwszego, ponieważ rozumienie naszej wolności i dobroci Boga zależy od rozumienia przygodności bytu.
Ignacy Dec. Transcendencja człowieka w przyrodzie [Transcendance de I'homme dans le monde]
Authors: Darowski Roman 
Published: March 2021

Le livre presente le probleme de la transcendance de Thomme d'apres les createurs de l'Ecole de Philosophie de Lublin. Cette ecole est nee a Lublin dans le milieu de l'Universite Catholique apres la deuxieme guerre mondiale. Elle est representee par des penseurs comme M. A. Krąpiec OP et le Cardinal K. Wojtyła. Ces deux philosophes ont aborde, dans leurs recherches, des problemes anthropologiques et ils ont presente une theorie interessante de l'homme. Dans leur theorie, la transcendance de l'homme est mise en relief d'une fagon particuliere. C'est la dimension de I'homme qui decide de la priorite de son etre, de sa dignite et de sa valeur parmi les autres etres dans le monde.
Mirosław Szczyrba. Afirmacja Boga i życie moraine w ujęciu Jerzego Mirewicza SJ [Anerkennung der Existenz Gottes und moralisches Verhalten - nach Meinung von Jerzy Mirewicz SJ]
Authors: Ziemiański Stanisław 
Published: March 2021

Das Buch über J. Mirewicz wurde von Slawomir Szczyrba, einem Lehrbeauftragten des Priesterseminars in Łódź, als Doktorarbeit unter der Leitung von Professor Bischof B. Bejze verfaßt. Szczyrba rechnet seine Arbeit der religionsphilosophischen Werken zu. Er will die These nachweisen, daß die Stellung des Menschen gegenüber Gott einen bedeutenden Einfluß auf sein Wertsystem und, in weiterer Folge, auf sein moralisches Benehmen hat. Derselben Meinung war auch Mirewicz. In Hinsicht auf die ethische Implikationen der Bejahung Gottes gehört das Hauptthema der vielartigen Tätigkeiten Mirewicz's zu der immerwährend aktuellen und offenstehenden Frage nach der Selbständigkeit der Ethik.
Roman Darowski. Filozofia w szkołach jezuickich w Polsce w XVI wieku [Philosophy in Jesuit Schools in Poland in the 16th Century]
Authors: Puchowski Kazimierz 
Published: March 2021

Scholarly dissertations dealing with the Jesuit educational system in Poland would more frequently emphasize the aspects of its decline rather than those of its prosperity. More recent research, however, based on numerous sources, enables one to see this system in a new, more objective light as well as giving an unbiased picture of the situation. Written by Roman Darowski SJ (professor at the Philosophical Faculty of the Society of Jesus in Kraköw), eminent specialist in scholastic philosophy, it is the first work to be devoted to the philosophy of Polish Jesuits, which was inseparable from their scholarly and didactic activities. It spans the last three decades of the sixteenth century and a few years of the seventeenth century, i.e. the beginning of the activity of the Societas Jesu in this country.