bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peer relationships and stress: Indirect associations of dispositional mindfulness with depression, anxiety and loneliness via ways of coping
Authors: Zimmer‐Gembeck Melanie J. , Clear Sarah J. , Campbell Shawna M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionAdolescents higher in the trait of dispositional mindfulness report fewer socioemotional problems. Focusing on the domain of peer stressors, we tested a model of adolescents’ mindfulness as a resource that undergirds more constructive stress coping responses, in turn resulting in fewer socioemotional problems.MethodThe participants were 361 Australian secondary school students (40% boys; ages 11 to 18; M = 14.9 years; SD = 1.4). Each completed a questionnaire to report four facets of dispositional mindfulness; engagement and disengagement coping and involuntary stress responses to recent peer interpersonal stressful events; and socioemotional problems of loneliness, social anxiety, and depression.ResultsAdolescents who reported more dispositional mindfulness, including facets of awareness, describing, non‐judgement and non‐reactivity, were lower in involuntary peer stress responses, disengagement coping, loneliness, social anxiety, and depression; associations of mindfulness facets with engagement coping were mixed. Mediational path models showed that almost all the significant negative associations of dispositional mindfulness with loneliness, social anxiety and depression were fully indirect via peer stress coping responses. Further, an alternative model, which tested whether loneliness, social anxiety and depression were the instigators of stress coping responses via mindfulness, had an adequate but poorer fit.ConclusionAs hypothesized, the benefit of adolescents' dispositional mindfulness for reducing loneliness, social anxiety and depression seems to be indirect, with positive peer stress coping responses key mediators in these indirect pathways. It is less likely that the alternative occurs, whereby adolescents’ socioemotional problems are the foundation for mindfulness and peer stress coping responses.
A critical readability and quality analysis of internet‐based patient information on neck dissections
Authors: Grose Elysia M. , Kim Joo Hyun , Philteos Justine , Levin Marc , Lee Jong Wook , Monteiro Eric A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectivePatients are increasingly turning to the Internet as a source of healthcare information. Given that neck dissection is a common procedure within the field of Otolaryngology ‐ Head and Neck Surgery, the aim of this study was to evaluate the quality and readability of online patient education materials on neck dissection.MethodsA Google search was performed using the term “neck dissection.” The first 10 pages of a Google search using the term “neck dissection” were analyzed. The DISCERN instrument was used to assess quality of information. Readability was calculated using the Flesch‐Reading Ease, Flesch‐Kincaid Grade Level, Gunning‐Fog Index, Coleman‐Liau Index, and Simple Measure of Gobbledygook Index.ResultsThirty‐one online patient education materials were included. Fifty‐five percent (n = 17) of results originated from academic institutions or hospitals. The mean Flesch‐Reading Ease score was 61.2 ± 11.9. Fifty‐two percent (n = 16) of patient education materials had Flesch‐Reading Ease scores above the recommended score of 65. The average reading grade level was 10.5 ± 2.1. The average total DISCERN score was 43.6 ± 10.1. Only 26% of patient education materials (PEMs) had DISCERN scores corresponding to a “good quality” rating. There was a significant positive correlation between DISCERN scores and both Flesch‐Reading Ease scores and average reading grade level.ConclusionsThe majority of patient education materials were written above the recommended sixth‐grade reading level and the quality of online information pertaining to neck dissections was found to be suboptimal. This research highlights the need for patient education materials regarding neck dissection that are high quality and easily understandable by patients.
Temperature Estimates of Lower Miocene (Burdigalian) Coastal Water of Southern India Using a Revised Otolith “Clumped” Isotope Paleothermometer
Authors: Prasanna K. , Ghosh Prosenjit , Eagle Robert A. , Tripati Aradhna , Kapur Vivesh V. , Feeney Richard F. , Fosu Benjamin R. , Mishra Divya 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCarbonate clumped isotope thermometry is based on the ordering of 13C and 18O in the carbonate lattice and is based on the relative abundance of 13C18O16O in CO2 produced through acid digestion of carbonate minerals. The major advantage of this technique is its non‐dependency on the δ18O value of water from which the carbonate precipitated. Ghosh et al. (2007, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2007.03.015) previously published calibration data for fish otoliths referenced to heated gases and used the Gonfiantini 17O parameter set in their data evaluation. Herein, we present a new clumped isotope (Δ47) calibration for aragonitic fish otoliths in the absolute reference frame using the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry 17O correction. Our revised calibration equation for otolith is: . To test the accuracy of this calibration, we apply it to otoliths of modern Lutjanus lutjanus from the Bay of Bengal. The estimated average temperature (22.3°C ± 4.2°C) for the Bay of Bengal and δ18OV‐SMOW composition of waters of −1.7‰ (±0.5) are consistent with the onsite observations. We also apply the new calibration to well‐preserved otoliths of “genus Ambassidarum” sp. and “genus Gobiidarum” sp. from lower Miocene (Burdigalian) sediments of the Quilon Formation, India to quantify coastal water conditions. Estimated average environmental water temperatures in their habitats were 12.9°C ± 1.7°C, and the average δ18OV‐SMOW of ambient waters calculated yielded a value between −3.5‰ and −2.6‰ (V‐SMOW) (mean: −2.9‰ ± 0.4) and −4.4‰, respectively. These results indicate δ18O values reflect the kinetic effects impacting the δ18O of fish otoliths independently of Δ47, although we cannot fully preclude diagenesis.
Spatiotemporal Evolution of Pore Pressure Changes and Coulomb Failure Stress in a Poroelastic Medium for Different Faulting Regimes
Authors: Miao Miao , Zhu Shoubiao , Chang Ying , Yuan Jie , Wang Rui , Han Peng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSpatial distribution of aftershocks has been explained by the co‐seismic static Coulomb Failure Stress changes (ΔCFS) to some extent. In practice, the earth's crust is porous medium saturated with fluid filling pores, cavities, cracks, and faults. The pore fluid flow plays an important role in the evolution of the stress field in porous medium of the earth. The ΔCFS can be influenced by the co‐seismic pore pressure changes and the post‐seismic pore fluid flow. In order to understand such impacts, we built 3D fault‐slip finite element models to study the evolution of the pore pressure changes and the ΔCFS based on the fully coupled poroelastic theory. The strike‐slip, reverse, and normal faulting models were investigated separately. The patterns of co‐seismic ΔCFS were similar to the elastic stress changes on a homogeneous half‐space, but there were considerable differences in details especially in the near‐fault area when considering co‐seismic pore pressure change. Due to post‐seismic pore fluid flow, the near‐field stress shadow narrowed gradually in the strike‐slip model. In the reverse faulting model, both the near‐field stress shadow and enhanced areas expanded. In the normal faulting model, the stress shadow near the epicenter reduced. The pore pressure changes decayed sharply at the beginning and then gradually approached to zero because the system evolves to drained conditions. These results can help us to understand the effect of pore fluid flow on Coulomb Failure Stress evolution and might improve the understanding of earthquake triggering and aftershock forecasting.
Research on PDMA system based on complementary sequence and low complexity detection algorithm
Authors: Li Shufeng , Su Baoxin , Jin Libiao , Sun Yao , Xia Zhiping 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWith the intensive deployment of mobile networks and the vigorous development of new multimedia services, video has gradually become the mainstream of cultural consumption. The contradiction between the proliferation of video data services and the scarcity of spectrum resources has brought great challenges to the current network resource allocation. Non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) can be used to solve this problem by signal superposition and spectrum multiplexing to improve system access capability. As a new type of joint optimization design of transmitter and receiver side, PDMA has high research value. In this paper, a framework of PDMA video transmission system based on H.264 video compression coding (HVC‐PDMA) is proposed. Poly complementary sequence (PCS) spread spectrum coding is performed on the transmission codebook in order to improve the transmission accuracy. Meanwhile, a low complexity serial sphere compensated Max‐log MPA (SSCM‐MPA) algorithm is proposed to reduce the complexity of the multi‐user detection algorithm. Simulation results show that the PCS spread spectrum can improve system throughput and peak signal‐to‐noise ratio (PSNR) while reducing bit error rate (BER). SSCM‐MPA algorithm can greatly reduce the complexity and improve the transmission efficiency.
FDTD‐based sensitivity analysis of GPR acquisition parameters for accurate detection of buried cylindrical objects
Authors: Ghozzi Rim , Lahouar Samer , Souani Chokri 
Published: November 2021

AbstractGround‐penetrating radar (GPR) is a non‐destructive technique used to assess the subsurface and locate any buried objects such as subterranean utilities. It emits electromagnetic radiations and detects the reflected signals from underground objects. Nevertheless, many GPR acquisition factors cannot easily be accounted for in evaluating the performance of the GPR system. To ensure more correct and accurate detection of the GPR signals reflected by a buried cylindrical object in a homogenous medium, sensitivity analysis of GPR data is proposed in this work. The numerical simulator gprMax, which is based on finite‐difference time‐domain, is used to generate GPR data. The data analysis results showed that the GPR measurement accuracy is more sensitive to the incident signal waveform than the other parameters. Thus, one of the major characteristics of GPR that can affect its accuracy is the incident waveform.
High step‐up interleaved DC‐DC converter for photovoltaic systems
Authors: Semiromizadeh Javad , Izadi Hamed , Adib Ehsan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study proposes a new interleaved high step‐up topology based on cross‐coupled inductors and voltage multiplier cells (VMCs). Two series capacitors in VMC are employed to raise voltage gain and diminish peak voltage across switches. Thus, low voltage MOSFETs with low on‐resistance (R) can be used in the proposed converter. Due to the presence of the leakage inductors in coupled inductors, the falling rate of the output diodes current is controlled and the diode recovery current problem at turn‐off can be mitigated. In addition, switches are turned on under ZCS conditions which results in efficiency improvement. Using two‐phase topology reduces input current ripple and shares power losses between each phase. The converter is analyzed and its operation is investigated using detailed comparisons. Finally, to confirm the performance of the proposed converter, a 30 V input voltage to 400 V output voltage prototype with the rated power of 220 W is implemented and tested in the laboratory.
Characteristics of Patients Who Attend the 7- to 10-Day Postpartum Visit for Blood Pressure Evaluation
Authors: Tallmadge Maggie , Livergood Mary Christine , Tvina Alina , Evans Sarah , McIntosh Jennifer , Palatnik Anna 
Published: November 2021

Objective This study aimed to assess maternal characteristics that predict attendance of postpartum blood pressure evaluation in patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP).
Study Design A retrospective case–control study of patients with HDP delivering at a single academic institution (2014–2018). Diagnosis of HDP included gestational hypertension, chronic hypertension, preeclampsia, and superimposed preeclampsia. Univariable and multivariable analyses were used to determine maternal characteristics independently associated with attendance of the 7- to 10-day postpartum blood pressure evaluation.
Results Of the 1,041 patients included in the analysis, 603 (57.9%) attended the 7- to 10-day postpartum blood pressure check. Maternal sociodemographic, clinical, and obstetric factors differed significantly between patients who attended the postpartum blood pressure visit and those who did not. In univariable analyses, nulliparity, non-Hispanic black race and ethnicity, public insurance, HDP with severe features, cesarean birth, gestational age at delivery, receipt of magnesium, mild-range blood pressures on day of discharge, and initiation of antihypertensive medication were associated with attendance of the 7- to 10-day postpartum visit. In multivariable analysis, factors significantly associated with higher odds of attending the blood pressure visit were nulliparity (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.58; 95% confidence interval: [CI]: 1.14–2.17), severe HDP (aOR: 1.94, 95% CI: 1.44–2.61), and cesarean birth (aOR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.43–2.59). In contrast, factors associated with lower odds of attendance were non-Hispanic black race and ethnicity compared with non-Hispanic white (aOR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.47–0.97), and public insurance (aOR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.45–0.93) compared with private insurance.
Conclusion Clinical factors such as nulliparity, severe HDP, and cesarean birth were associated with higher rates of postpartum blood pressure evaluation attendance, whereas sociodemographic factors such as maternal non-Hispanic black race and ethnicity and public insurance were associated with lower odds of postpartum blood pressure check attendance.
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Management of Critically Ill Pregnant Patients with COVID-19 Infection in a Rural State
Authors: Pagan Megan E. , Ramseyer Abigail M. , Whitcombe Dayna D. , Doiron Tucker E. , Magann Everett F. , Sandlin Adam T. , Hughes Dawn S. 
Published: November 2021

Objective There is limited data on the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in pregnancy. Arkansas saw an increase in COVID-19 cases in June 2020. The first critically ill pregnant patient was admitted to our institution on May 21st, 2020. The objective of this study was to evaluate outcomes in critically ill pregnant women with COVID-19 at a single tertiary care center who received remdesivir and convalescent plasma (CCP).
Study Design This is a retrospective observational review of critically ill pregnant women with COVID-19 who received remdesivir and CCP. This study was approved by the institutional review board (#261354).
Results Seven pregnant patients with COVID-19 were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). All received remdesivir and CCP. Six received dexamethasone. The median ICU length of stay (LOS) was 8 days (range 3–17). Patient 1 had multi-organ failure requiring vasopressors, renal dialysis, and had an intrauterine fetal demise. Patients 4 and 6 required mechanical ventilation, were delivered for respiratory distress and were extubated at 2 and 1 days postpartum, respectively. The only common risk factor was obesity. There were no adverse events noted with remdesivir or CCP.
Conclusion There is little data regarding the use of remdesivir or CCP for the treatment of COVID-19 in pregnant women. In our cohort, these were well tolerated with no adverse events. Previously reported median ICU LOS in critically ill pregnant women with COVID-19 was 8 days (range 4–15).1 Our study found a similar ICU LOS (8 days; range 3–17). Patient 1 did not receive remdesivir or CCP until transport to our facility on hospital day 3. Excluding patient 1, median ICU LOS was 6.5 days (range 3–9). Our institution's treatment of pregnant women with critical illness with remdesivir, CCP and dexamethasone combined with delivery in select cases has thus far had good outcomes.
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Impact of Lockdown Measures during COVID-19 Pandemic on Pregnancy and Preterm Birth
Authors: Alshaikh Belal , Cheung Po-Yin , Soliman Nancy , Brundler Marie-Anne , Yusuf Kamran 
Published: November 2021

Objective The objective of this study is to assess the effect of the lockdown measures during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on pregnancy outcomes of women who were not affected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection.
Study Design We used data from the perinatal health program and neonatal databases to conduct a cohort analysis of pregnancy outcomes during the COVID-19 lockdown in the Calgary region, Canada. Rates of preterm birth were compared between the lockdown period (March 16 to June 15, 2020) and the corresponding pre-COVID period of 2015 to 2019. We also compared maternal and neonatal characteristics of preterm infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in Calgary between the two periods.
Findings A total of 4,357 and 24,160 live births occurred in the lockdown and corresponding pre-COVID period, respectively. There were 366 (84.0 per 1,000 live births) and 2,240 (92.7 per 1,000 live births) preterm births in the lockdown and corresponding pre-COVID period, respectively (p = 0.07). Rates of very preterm and very-low-birth-weight births were lower in the lockdown period compared with the corresponding pre-COVID period (11.0 vs. 15.6 and 9.0 vs. 14.4 per 1,000 live births, p = 0.02 and p = 0.005, respectively). There was no difference in spontaneous stillbirth between the two periods (3.7 vs. 4.1 per 1,000 live birth, p = 0.71). During the lockdown period, the likelihood of multiple births was lower (risk ratio [RR] 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.60–0.88), while gestational hypertension and clinical chorioamnionitis increased (RR 1.24, 95%CI: 1.10–1.40; RR 1.33, 95%CI 1.10–1.61, respectively).
Conclusion Observed rates of very preterm and very-low-birth-weight births decreased during the COVID-19 lockdown. Pregnant women who delivered during the lockdown period were diagnosed with gestational hypertension and chorioamnionitis more frequently than mothers in the corresponding pre-COVID period.
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Prediction of Postoperative Day 1 Hemoglobin Level after Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Kawakita Tetsuya , Saeed Haleema , Amgalan Ariunzaya , Thomas Alexandra , Coviello Elizabeth 
Published: November 2021

Objective To create a prediction model for postoperative hemoglobin levels after cesarean delivery, which could reduce routine use of postoperative laboratory test.
Study Design This was a secondary analysis of a retrospective cohort study of all women who underwent cesarean delivery (primary or repeat) at or more than 23 weeks' gestation at a single academic center. The cohort was randomly divided into a training cohort to develop a prediction model and a validation cohort to test the model in a 2:1 ratio. Variables with p-value <0.10 were considered for the mixed multivariable linear regression model in a backward stepwise fashion. We obtained the best cut-off point of the predicted hemoglobin level to detect severe anemia (postoperative hemoglobin level less than 7.0 g/dL) in the training cohort. A receiver operating characteristic curve with the area under a curve was created. We calculated the sensitivity and specificity of the model in the validation cohort using the best cut-off point obtained in the training cohort as well as postoperative hemoglobin of 10.0 g/dL.
Results Of 2,930 women, 1,954 (66.6%) and 976 (33.3%) were randomly allocated to training and validation cohorts. The final model included preoperative hemoglobin level, preoperative platelet level, quantitative blood loss, height, weight, magnesium administration, labor, and general anesthesia. The best cut-off to predict severe anemia was predicted hemoglobin level of 8.57 g/dL in the training cohort. Using this cut-off, the sensitivity and specificity in the validation cohort were 77% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 56–91%) and 87% (95% CI: 85–89%), respectively. The use of postpartum hemorrhage yielded the sensitivity of 58% (95% CI: 37–77%) and specificity 79% (95% CI: 76–81%), respectively.
Conclusion We developed a validated model to predict the postoperative day 1 hemoglobin levels after cesarean delivery that could assist with identifying women who may not need postoperative laboratory tests.
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The Association between Immediate Postpartum Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Use and Postpartum Depressive Symptoms
Authors: Ross Carolyn M. , Shim Jessica Y. , Stark Elisabeth L. , Wisner Katherine L. , Miller Emily S. 
Published: November 2021

Objective While postpartum depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) is a highly effective form of contraception, some data suggest an association with depressive symptoms. Our objective was to evaluate the relationship between receipt of DMPA in the immediate postpartum period and postpartum depressive symptoms.
Study Design This retrospective cohort study included all women who received prenatal and postpartum care at academic obstetric clinics affiliated with a tertiary care institution between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2014. All women were counseled on contraception prior to hospital discharge. DMPA was available in the hospital pharmacy, and its utilization was documented in the electronic health record. The Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) was used to screen for postpartum depression for all women at all postpartum visits. A score of 10 or greater was categorized as positive. Bivariable and multivariable analyses were used to identify the association between immediate postpartum DMPA use and a positive postpartum depression screen.
Results Of the 5,073 women who met inclusion criteria, 410 (8.1%) received DMPA prior to hospital discharge. Compared with women who did not receive DMPA, women who received DMPA prior to hospital discharge were younger, more likely to identify as Black race or Latinx ethnicity, and more likely to be publicly insured. Clinical characteristics also differed. Women who received DMPA were more likely to be obese and to have experienced prenatal depressive symptoms, been diagnosed with a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, delivered preterm, and delivered vaginally. Receipt of immediate postpartum DMPA was not associated with having a positive screen for postpartum depression in bivariable (5.4 vs. 6.0%, p = 0.29) or multivariable (adjusted odds ratio 0.94, confidence interval 0.53–1.68) analyses.
Conclusion Receipt of postpartum DMPA is not associated with a positive postpartum PHQ-9 screen. Concerns about precipitating postpartum depression should not preclude the utilization of DMPA as a contraceptive agent.
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