bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Algorithm of the dynamic functional of the adaptive torque distributor as applied to agricultural machines
Authors: Kalmykov B 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The article deals with the problem of improving the drive of the driving wheels and working bodies of agricultural machines. The analysis of works on the research topic showed that this problem is solved by giving the very executive mechanisms of the agricultural machine the ability to adjust the characteristics in the direction that improves certain indicators of the quality of functioning, by the purpose of which it is possible to judge the efficiency of the operation of such a machine. The flexibility of the structure can only be ensured by the presence of additional degrees of mobility. Therefore, it is proposed to use differential mechanisms of varying complexity in the drive, which will provide continuous automatic regulation of its own operating parameters depending on changes in the resistance of the working medium to the executive bodies of the machine.
Tillage unit with new design working bodies for minimal tillage
Authors: Akhalaya B , Shogenov Yu , Starovoytov S 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The design of the tillage unit is presented, with new working bodies made in the form of a holder with rectilinear and oval parts, the rectilinear part is made in the form of a bar made at an acute angle to the horizontal surface and rigidly fixed on a rack with the possibility of dismantling. The lower part of the holder is shaped like an elongated ellipse, the upper oval part of which is a ripper, the lower-a slitter. The height of the ripper and the slitter is the same, on their butt line on the side of the toe, a groove is made for the pointed paw of the cultivator. On the back side of the paw, a groove is made for the holder, while the ratio of the length of the grooves of the paw and the holder is 1:3. The new design of the working body will improve the quality of tillage and water-air balance, increase crop yields and reduce fuel consumption.
Parameters of a layer forming machine for flax processing
Authors: Shushkov R A , Mikhailov A S , Kipriyanov F A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The paper considers the machines used for flax layer-thinning during its processing. The designs of the most widely used layer-thinning machines of Russian, Belarusian and foreign production in the linen industry are analyzed. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the machines of both Russian and Belarusian production have the principle of the thinning with a fixed layer, and some foreign ones with free fixation.
Nanotechnologies in agricultural production as a factor of transition to a new level of technological design
Authors: Larina L , Rusljakov D , Tikhonova O 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The article discusses one of the directions of the transition of agricultural production in Russia to the sixth technological order based on the introduction of nanotechnology in the field of hygrothermal effects on grain crops. The features of hygrothermal action on grain under vacuum conditions are presented. The distinctive features of such processing as nanotechnology are substantiated. Based on the method of similarity in the functioning of technical systems for vacuum-capillary processes of humidification, drying, and wet-heat treatment, generalized similarity criteria are obtained, their numerical values are determined, and generalized criterion dependences of the intensity of the processes under consideration on the processing parameters are obtained. The implementation of this method made it possible to quantitatively describe the processes of vacuum capillary hygrothermal treatment of grain, to assign processing parameters and control them.
Optimization of Dry Construction Mix with the Addition of Biochar from Reclaimed Rice Straw in the Agro-Industrial Complex
Authors: Smolyanichenko A , Shcherban Y , Stel’makh S , Khalyushev A , Zherebtsov Y 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Currently, the actual problem is the disposal of various by-products of the agro-industrial complex. This direction practically does not develop, but is solved only by burning them, which leads to air pollution. The article contains physical and chemical studies of a byproduct from rice production, namely rice straw. In the process of recycling rice straw at a temperature of 600°C, biochar is formed, which can be used as a micro-filling additive for dry mortar. Using the method of mathematical planning of the experiment (FFE 2k), optimization was carried out and the optimal composition of the dry mortar was obtained, containing up to 10% of biochar. It has been established that the introduction of biochar in the optimal dosage improves the physical and mechanical properties of the dry mortar in comparison with the control composition on average by: average density – 3%, water absorption – 17%, compressive strength – 12%, tensile strength at bending – 24%, adhesion strength – 55%..
Design and computer graphics in the agro-industrial complex
Authors: Mokina A , Khoronko L 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Agriculture and the industry associated with it has traditionally been focused on man and his direct labour with minimal use of machinery and mechanical equipment. But gradually advanced technologies are being introduced into this area. Today, almost any labour and creative processes of human activity are closely connected with maximum informatization and visualization of information through digital technologies, including in the agro-industrial complex. The article examines the design role, computer graphics and colour in the process of creating objects and equipment for the agro-industrial complex. The task is to trace how the digital technologies’ use affects the design and imaginative solution of the object world, which colour is more often used for the agricultural machinery design, what is the reason for the particular colour choice. The issue of creating virtual interfaces for the promotion of companies engaged in the production and sale of machinery and components of the agricultural sector, on the Rostselmash example, was also touched upon. The modern computers and programs’ use in industrial design makes it possible to accelerate the process of the preparatory stage of sketching, the search for a figurative and colour solution of the future object of the spatial environment, and most importantly - to achieve a successful aesthetics and functionality collaboration.
Assessment of agricultural business activities and its contribution to the formation of food security of the country
Authors: Fedorov Vladimir , Bunchikov Oleg , Kapelist Evgeniya 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The article examines the issues of agricultural production by the agrarians of the Russian Federation in the context of import substitution and their contribution to the formation of food independence in the region. The dynamics of agricultural production in such sectors as crop and livestock production has been analyzed. In recent years, thanks to new innovative technologies in crop production, there has been a positive trend towards an increase in gross harvest, as well as an increase in crop yields. So, in particular, for more than thirty years of the analyzed period of time, gross agricultural production increased by 6110.4 billion rubles, and in the sectors crop and livestock production there was an increase in production by 3276.8 billion rubles. and by 2833.8 billion rubles. These indicators were influenced by such innovative developments in crop production as binary crops, new varieties of agricultural crops, as well as a significant increase in the use of fertilizers on agricultural land.
Selection of an algorithm for automatic classification of satellite images for the study of agricultural crops on the territory of Vietnam
Authors: Olzoev B N , Huang H Z , Plastinin L A , Gagin V E , Danchenko O V 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The paper is devoted to the choice of an algorithm for automatic controlled classification of multi-zone satellite images of Landsat 8 OLI for the purposes of agricultural crop research based on the analysis of various mathematical classification algorithms and comparison of the practical results of these algorithms when using the ENVI 5.4 software package. In the period from June to August 2020, a field survey was conducted by coordinating and ground-based object recognition for the purpose of compiling decryption standards based on images. The paper analyzes four frequently used popular algorithms for automatic controlled classification – maximum likelihood, minimum distance, Mahalanobis distance, parallelepiped. As a result, it is concluded that when classifying objects with very close brightness values, the maximum likelihood algorithm gives optimal and objective results. This conclusion was confirmed by the cameral method by evaluating the reliability of the classification results. The result of the study can be used for mapping agricultural crops and solving other problems of agricultural activity in Vietnam. The methodology presented in the paper can be applied when choosing controlled classification algorithms for other groups of plant complexes and objects based on remote sensing data from space.
Development of the concept of system management of the reproduction of personal potential as an element of ensuring the sustainable development of rural territories
Authors: Ivanova T , Kozina A , Chernyshova T , Prokopyev A , Anufrieva E , Smolkina Yu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This article is devoted to the concept of systemic management of personal potential reproduction as an element of ensuring sustainable development of rural areas. The concept contains structural and substantive elements substantiated by us: 1) the relevance of the formation; 2) key difficulties; 3) purpose; 4) the task; 5) expected results; 6) benefits; 7) performance criteria. The scientific significance of the development lies in determining the main components of the concept, practical - in achieving a balanced rate of reproduction of personnel potential, as a result of which the profitability and labor productivity in the industry will increase. Also, the article defines the structure of the management system for the reproduction of personal potential in agriculture. The scientific significance of the development consists in a well-grounded and structured by us set of interrelated system components, the identification of which simplifies the process of reproduction management. Applying the methodology developed by us for assessing the impact of internal and external factors on the rate of reproduction of personal potential in the industry, the structure of the system specifies the subjects that can regulate the influence of these factors, using the tools of which it is possible to achieve the target rates of balanced reproduction (for the industry, agricultural organizations and their employees).
To the development of optimal methods for licorice seeds growing (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) in irrigated lands of the Republic of Karakalpakstan
Authors: Mambetnazarov A B , Aybergenov B A , Ju Kurbaniyazova B , Jumatova R M , Sh Turimbetov M , Sabirova M G , Sabirov G 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The research was carried out at the Nukus branch of the Tashkent State Agrarian University.The article presents the results of research on the development of optimal methods for growing licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) from seeds on salinity lands of the Republic of Karakalpakstan. In particular, the optimal rates of application of potassium geohumate for soaking licorice seeds, the rate of washing during soil desalination, the rates of mineral fertilizers and irrigation have been determined. The study of the effect of potassium geohumate on seed germination showed that soaking licorice seeds in a 0.05% solution of potassium geohumate for 3 days followed by drying the seeds in the open air provided the best germination on the 30th day after sowing and amounted to 72.6%, while the germination of licorice in the variant with the use of 0.03% potassium geohumate solution was 38.6%. The germination of the control variant was only 22.3%. It has also been established that the optimal rate of mineral fertilization for licorice is the application of 300 kg/ha of superphosphate, 150 kg/ha of potassium and 100 kg/ha of ammonium nitrate for 8 irrigations with a rate of 600 m3/ha.
Possibilities of Obtaining and Controlling Virus-Free Material in the Process of Selection and Seed Production of Main Crops
Authors: Kakareka N , Volkov Y , Tolkach V , Sapotskyi M , Shchelkanov M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
It is known that after being infected with phytoviruses plants do not recover. Breeding virus-resistant cultivars also does not give reliable results due to the high variability of pathogens and their diversity. And since it is impossible to obtain stable forms then one of the goals of protection a virus-free material and preventing its re-infection. To improve the health of vegetative propagated plant species, you can use the method of tissue culture of the apical meristem. In some cases true seeds can be healed by thermal or chemical treatment. The data on viruses infecting the main agricultural crops of the Russian Far East are presented; the features of their distribution and interaction with plants are described. Possible measures are given to prevent of phytoviruses spreading and re-infection of virus-free plants in the process of breeding and seed production, in gardening and landscape design.
Structure of forest litter in larch forests of Middle and Southern Siberia
Authors: Mukhortova L V , Sergeeva O V , Krivobokov L V , Osipenko Ya S 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Forest litter plays a significant role in the functioning of forest ecosystems. As a product of forest and soil interaction, forest litter participates actively in the processes of soil formation and plant nutrition. We measured the total stock and analyzed difference in structure of forest litter formed in permafrost larch forests growing in the different climatic zones: in northern taiga of Central Siberia and in the mountain taiga of the Eastern Baikal region. The forest-forming species in both regions is Gmelin larch (Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Rupr.), but climatic conditions and soil cover in these regions differ. It was found that average stock of forest litter is higher in mountain larch forests of the Eastern Baikal region in comparison with northern boreal forests. The litter composition in these larch forests is characterized by a relatively larger contribution of soft fractions (needles and leaves) in contrast to the larch forests in the northern taiga, where a higher contribution of hardly decomposable components (branches, cones, bark, semi-decomposed wood, thick roots, and moss residues) was observed. Higher stock of fermented plant residues in comparison with humified ones indicated the accumulation of incompletely decomposed plant residues on the soil surface of these northern forests.
Yield dynamics of natural pine stands in the Forest Experimental Station of the Timiryazev Agricultural Academy with 1860
Authors: Dubenok N N , Lebedev A V , Gemonov A V , Gradusov V M , Kochnev Ya V 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Due to the longevity of forest vegetation, the problem of its age-related changes remains the least studied and most urgent. For 150 years, the Forest Experimental Station has been an experimental testing ground for a number of generations of foresters who have created experimental facilities to solve a number of pressing problems. On the example of natural pine stands with 1860, it was shown that in an urbanized environment, the life cycle of stands is accelerated, and their durability is reduced. At the same time, under the influence of negative factors (emissions from transport, enterprises, recreational load, etc.), a decrease in yield is observed.
The determinants of forest land prices
Authors: Pushkareva L , Pushkarev M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The authors discuss the peculiarities of price formation for forest land as a renewable plant natural resource. Forest plots are regarded as a forest resource that can be used in two ways: as a natural object and as a source of wood raw materials. The absolute forest rent for forest areas with standing trees, adjusted for economic, environmental, and social factors, serves as the pricing basis. The authors propose creating differentiated regional price lists for forest plots and methodological approaches to pricing forest plots with different types of forest use to substantiate the forest tax and tax base.
Modeling the interaction of participants in the innovation process in Ecological Sector
Authors: Tebekin A V , Chupina Zh S , Peschannikova E N , Sorokin A M , Boykov A A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
As part of the innovation process, including ecological sector, the characteristics of the interaction of participants in the chain “producer-intermediary-consumer” are considered. The possible influence of companies promoting innovative products, which play the role of an intermediary and are a link between the manufacturer and the consumer, on the perception of the manufacturer’s innovative products by the end user has been evaluated. The features of the activities of specialized companies to promote innovative products to the market have been investigated. Based on the use of the theory of expectations by Viktor Vrum, a mathematical model is proposed that describes the effectiveness of interaction between the participants in the innovation process within the “producer-intermediary-consumer” chain, which makes it possible to assess the quality of the activities of specialized companies in promoting innovative products to the market including ecological and energy sector.
Features of the negative impact of modern infrastructure facilities in urbanized areas on the environment
Authors: Bespalov V I , Kotlyarova E V 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In the paper, the authors analyze the impact of modern infrastructure facilities in urbanized areas on the quality of the environment. The first stage of the study was to consider the changes in the urban environment of recent decades, which consists in the transformation of many former industrial zones into large objects of a cultural and entertainment nature, namely shopping and entertainment centers (SEC) or complexes (SECo). The authors also pay special attention to the description of the structural diagram of typical SEC or SECo, the main sources of negative environmental impact from them, as well as directly to the types of these impacts. The analysis carried out confirmed that it would be wrong to say that the quality of the environment in urbanized areas has improved due to the replacement of industrial facilities within cities with SEC or SECo. The authors consider the further task of scientific research to be the process of constructing physical models of pollution processes and reducing air pollution for individual sources for the purpose of subsequent analysis and highlighting promising directions (methods and options) for implementing a system for combating pollution.
Experimental justification of sediment recirculation application
Authors: Schutskaya Elena , Shishova Oksana 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The article provides an experimental substantiation of the use of sludge as an opacifier and the use of its recirculation during sedimentation of suspended matter in horizontal sedimentation tanks. Based on the theory of agglomeration of suspended solids (Kalitsun V.N., and Laskov Yu.M.), the agglomeration coefficients can be calculated for treating water with one reagent and when using sludge recirculation for natural water purification.
Wastewater treatment from washing agricultural machinery by electroflotation and sorption on activated carbons
Authors: Smolyanichenko A , Kulik I , Yakovleva E 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Wastewater from car wash stations of agricultural machinery is contaminated with mechanical impurities, oil products, pollution generated by exhaust gases, fertilizers and processing agents used in agriculture, as well as a large amount of surfactants. Purification of this wastewater to the quality required for their reuse allows organizing a circulating water supply scheme, which significantly reduces not only the negative impact on the environment, but also the need for clean tap water. This article describes the results of wastewater treatment from car wash stations of agricultural machinery on an electroflotator and post-treatment by filtration through various filter media, incl. through a sorbent made of modified rice straw - agricultural waste.
Polymer waste safe disposal by incineration in electrostatic field
Authors: Zyryanov I A , Pozolotin A P , Budin A G 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPolymer waste disposal of is one of the most pressing problems of our time. The incineration method is widespread, but it has its drawbacks. Problems during the polymer waste combustion, which include low combustion efficiency, combustion products toxicity, significantly reduce the possibility of waste disposal incinerators using. In this regard, the work considers the use of an electrostatic field to optimize the combustion process. Experimental studies of the electrostatic field influence on the substances difficult for disposal (polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, rubber) combustion have been carried out. The possibility of increasing the polymer waste combustion rate, flame temperature, and combustion efficiency is shown.
Technology of three-dimensional laser scanning of real estate objects (3D modeling) in cadastral activities
Authors: Tikhonova K V , Solovyova Yu S , Geydor V S , Tikhonov D A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Laser scanning in cadastral activities is a tool for obtaining information about real estate objects in a 3D format. The purpose of the research is to obtain information that is necessary for state cadastral registration and state registration of rights, land supervision and local government oversight. Deductive, inductive, analytical, comparative-legal and other scientific methods were used for the most complete coverage of the problem. The article considers the procedure of laser scanning, shooting modes when using laser scanning and the process of a real estate object 3D model creation. The methods of scanning were studied, namely: terrestrial, airborne and mobile. The greatest attention is paid to the advantages and features of using laser scanning technologies for real property. The results of the study showed that the laser scanner can be used not only in geodesy for engineering surveys, 3D modeling of quarries, when obtaining data on the volume of rock, during mining, assessing the situation in an emergency, but it can also be used in cadastral and complex cadastral works. The main attribute of laser scanning is a three-dimensional representation of data about the object, which can be immediately used, but the high accuracy and low labor costs are no less important. Therefore, three-dimensional laser scanning technologies can be used both in the creation of models of cities, and the unified cartographic basis of the Unified State Register of Real Estate, as well as in valuation activities during the taxation of buildings and structures.