bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The growing sensory suppression on visual perception during head‐rotation preparation
Authors: Dong Xue , Bao Min 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSensory perception is often impaired by self‐generated movements. This effect of sensory suppression has been commonly observed in voluntary hand‐movement‐induced tactile sensation during the period of motor preparation and execution. However, it remains unclear whether such suppression also occurs in the visual domain and if it can be induced by the preparation of other body movements. To extend our knowledge about sensory suppression, the present study investigated visual sensitivity during the preparation of head rotation. Participants wore virtual reality goggles and rotated their heads horizontally according to a visual cue presented on the goggles screens. Before the start of head rotation, a target of Landolt C was displayed at a peripheral location that was directed by the head‐rotation cue or a symmetric location in the opposite visual field. After each head rotation, participants reported the target's orientation, allowing the measurement of the discrimination threshold. Besides, the discrimination sensitivity was also measured in two head‐still conditions with or without the presentation of a visual cue. The results showed that the discrimination performance was largely impaired by the preparation of head rotation. This effect of sensory attenuation increased with the approach of head‐motion onset. However, the attenuation was not found on the discrimination of auditory stimuli during the preparation of head rotation, thus excluding the account of general dual‐task requirement. In contrast to the previous findings of improved perception by preparation of saccade or reach, our findings indicate that sensory suppression rather than attention shift plays a major role during the preparation of head movement.
Free volume characteristics of 2,2‐bistrifluoromethyl‐4,5‐difluoro‐1,3‐dioxole‐co‐tetrafluoroethylene copolymers: Effect of composition and molecular weight
Authors: Yu Dayang , Mao Guoliang , Cai Huaixun , Wang Shuhua , Liu Jiandang , Pan Pengju , Bao Yongzhong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract2,2‐bistrifluoromethyl‐4,5‐difluoro‐1,3‐dioxole‐co‐tetrafluoroethylene (PDD‐TFE) copolymer is a good candidate to prepare gas separation membranes with excellent permeability due to its free volume characteristics. However, the influence of PDD‐TFE copolymer structure on its free volume characteristics is less studied. In this paper, PDD‐TFE copolymers with different compositions and molecular weights were synthesized, and their free volume characteristics were analyzed by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy and a molecular dynamics simulation. It indicated that the molar fraction of PDD in copolymers had a significant effect on free volume characteristics, while the molecular weight of copolymers exerted a slight influence on free volume when the molecular weight exceeded a critical region (intrinsic viscosity [η] > 68 ml g−1). PDD‐TFE copolymers with greater PDD molar fractions (i.e., 72% and 84%) showed bimodal distributions in positron lifetime and free volume size distributions, while PDD‐TFE copolymers with lower PDD molar fractions (i.e., 27% and 35%) exhibited a single peak. The long‐lifetime parameter τ3 was assigned to micro‐cavities formed by [‐(TFE)y‐PDD‐] segments and τ4 was attributed to micro‐cavities formed by [‐(PDD)x‐TFE‐] segments. The cis and trans transitions of PDD led to a local multilayer spiral structure with a 2.6–4.3 Å layer spacing, which would also increase the free volume of copolymers.
Effects of mowing interval on turfgrass clipping tissue characteristics and soil nitrogen dynamics
Authors: Grubbs Rebecca A. , Henry Gerald M. , Cabrera Miguel L. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractUnderstanding the role of clipping biomass in nutrient budgets of turfgrass systems is critical to improving N use efficiency (NUE). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of mowing frequency on clipping tissue characteristics, N mineralization (NMin, %), and NH3 volatilization (AV, %) from decomposing ‘TifTuf’ bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt Davy] clippings applied to the soil surface. Turfgrass clippings were collected from two research facilities in Athens, GA, at 3‐, 7‐, 10‐, and 14‐d mowing intervals (MIs). A subsample of clippings from each plot was ground and analyzed using near‐infrared spectroscopy to determine tissue characteristics. Soil from each location was packed into polyvinyl chloride cylinders, treated with grass clippings on the surface or left unamended, and incubated for 90 d. Cumulative evolved NH3 was trapped, and inorganic N was extracted from each cylinder and analyzed colorimetrically after 90 d. Rates of NMin varied significantly across treatments and locations, making it difficult to generate informed recommendations for reducing N fertilization based on MI. Although dry yield (g m–2) and tissue characteristics (carbohydrates, cellulose, and lignin) were found to be significant parameters in predicting NMin, no clear relationship was established between MI and tissue characteristics in this study. More frequent mowing (3‐d MI) appeared to support more vigorous turfgrass growth through greater net clipping yield and may also decrease AV as a function of smaller clipping yield for unique mowing events. Mowing more than one time per week may be more N‐use efficient and promote healthier turfgrass systems overall.
Li+ Selectivity of Carboxylate Graphene Nanopores Inspired by Electric Field and Nanoconfinement
Authors: Li Yingying , Yue Xingyi , Huang Gen , Wang Mei , Zhang Qingwen , Wang Chunchang , Yi Haibo , Wang Shuangyin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe regulation of the ion selectivity by electric field and ion association on the Li+ selectivity of carboxyl functionalized graphene nanopores are investigated by molecular dynamics simulation. Carboxylate graphene nanopores of sub‐2 nm exhibit excellent Li+ selectivity under the electric field of 1.0 V nm−1. The results show that ion association inspired by electric field may be a key factor affecting ion selectivity of sub‐2 nm nanopores. The ion association of Mg2+ and Cl− can be promoted obviously near the nanopores under the electric field of 1.0 V nm−1. The migrating of Mg2+ can be retarded by stable clusters of Mg2+ and Cl− formed near nanopores. The degree of association of Li+ with Cl− is relatively low and the disassociation of the Li+ cluster is easier so that Li+ can more easily pass through the nanopores. These results gain insight into the effect of ion association inspired by electric field and nanoconfinement of graphene nanopore on Mg2+/Li+ separation, and provide helpful information for the application of nanoporous materials in extraction of Li+ ion from salt‐lake brine.
Deep domain adversarial residual neural network for sustainable wind turbine cyber‐physical system fault diagnosis
Authors: Jin Yanrui , Feng Qiang , Zhang Xiping , Lu Peili , Shen Jiaqi , Tu Yihui , Wu Zhiquan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAs a popular renewable energy generation technology, wind turbine system has become a critical enabler for building the sustainable cyber‐physical system (CPS). The main shaft bearing is an important part of the wind turbine CPS and often runs under variable working conditions. Thus, the reliable bearing diagnosis method can timely discover the main shaft bearing fault, which reduces the maintenance cost of wind turbines. Inspired by the idea of domain adaptation, we combined domain adversarial neural network and residual network and proposed a novel deep domain adversarial residual neural network (DDA‐RNN) for diagnosing bearing fault and improving model performance on the unlabeled dataset. This proposed software and hardware co‐design method was evaluated by our bearing dataset, which was collected from two wind turbine CPSs from Sanmenxia in Henan Province. Besides, F1 score and accuracy are served as model metrics, which reflect the diagnosis performance. Compared with other methods, the experimental results show that DDA‐RNN can improve model performance. Meanwhile, DDA‐RNN extracts diagnosis knowledge from labeled dataset and
improves the model performance on the unlabeled dataset under different
working condition. Therefore, the proposed method can be potentially used to benefit many practical scenarios in the future.
Sektorenübergreifende Therapiekonzepte und innovative Technologien: neue Möglichkeiten für die Versorgung von Patienten mit psychischen Erkrankungen
Authors: Hirjak Dusan , Reininghaus Ulrich , Braun Urs , Sack Markus , Tost Heike , Meyer-Lindenberg Andreas 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungPsychische Erkrankungen sind weit verbreitet und ein bedeutendes Problem des allgemeinen Gesundheitswesens. Das Risiko, irgendwann im Laufe des Lebens eine psychische Erkrankung zu entwickeln, liegt bei rund 40 %. Psychische Erkrankungen zählen damit zu den epidemiologisch bedeutsamsten Erkrankungen. Trotz der Einführung neuerer Psychopharmaka, störungsspezifischer Psychotherapie und Stimulationstechniken zeigen viele der Betroffenen immer noch eine unzureichende Symptomremission und einen chronischen Verlauf. Durch den konzeptuellen und technischen Fortschritt der letzten Jahre wird eine neue, flexiblere und personalisierte Form der fachpsychiatrischen Patientenversorgung ermöglicht. Sowohl die traditionellen Therapie- und Organisationskonzepte als auch neuere dezentral arbeitende, modular aufgebaute, stationär-teilstationär-ambulante Einheiten werden zusammen mit innovativen digitalen Technologien vielen betroffenen Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen individualisierte Therapieoptionen bieten, welche ihre Symptome bestmöglich lindern und ihre Lebensqualität erheblich verbessern könnten. Das primäre Ziel der engen Verknüpfung von modernen Versorgungskonzepten und innovativen Technologien ist es, ein umfassendes Therapie- und Nachsorgekonzept (innerhalb und außerhalb der Klinik) für die individuellen Bedürfnisse von Menschen mit psychischer Erkrankung bereitzustellen. Nicht zuletzt wird dadurch auch eine ortsunabhängige Verfügbarkeit der fachärztlichen Behandlung erreicht. In der Psychiatrie des 21. Jahrhunderts müssen moderne Versorgungsstrukturen mit der aktuellen Dynamik der digitalen Transformation effektiv verknüpft werden. Die vorliegende selektive Übersichtsarbeit widmet sich den theoretischen und praktischen Gesichtspunkten eines sektorenübergreifenden Behandlungssystems kombiniert mit innovativen digitalen Technologien im psychiatrisch-psychotherapeutischen Fachbereich am Beispiel des Zentralinstituts für Seelische Gesundheit in Mannheim.
A randomized, prospective trial to assess the safety and efficacy of hilotherapy in patients after orthognathic surgery
Authors: Bonitz Lars , El-Karmi Adrian , Linssen Johannes , Abel Dietmar , Hassfeld Stefan , Bicsák Ákos 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose
A post-operative cooling method in oral and maxillofacial surgery is the cooling with hilotherapy. The aim of this study was the post-operative comparison of cooling temperatures of 18°C and 22°C. The parameters of this trial were swelling and the post-operative pain levels.

Methods
This study included 156 patients, divided into two groups among whom a mono-one, bignathic osteotomy or genioplasty was indicated. The post-operative assessment of swelling was performed using a 3D optical scanner. This examination was repeated on post-operative days 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, 30, and 90. The examination on day 90 served as a reference value in respect of swelling and pain.

Results
Group 1 (18°C, 78 patients) showed an increase in post-operative swelling on the 1st post-OP day of 52.06 ± 35.41ml. The maximum was reached on the 2nd post-OP day with 75.82 ± 38.97ml. On the 30th post-OP day, residual swelling measured 11.60 ± 12.62ml. Group 2 (22 °C, 78 patients) showed an increase in postoperative swelling on the 1st post-OP day of 76.07 ± 63.15ml. The maximum was reached on the 2nd post-OP day with 106.97 ± 69.63 ml. On the 30th post-OP day, residual swelling measured 14.36 ± 32.26ml. The differences between the two groups and between different visits were statistically significant.

Conclusion
The study results indicate less residual swelling in group 1 on the 30th post-OP day, possible based on the lower cooling temperature. The post-operative pain exhibits a comparable level of pain intensity between the two groups. In overall terms, a subjectively more agreeable treatment was observed in group 1.
Pushing the switch: functional responses and prey switching by invasive lionfish may mediate their ecological impact
Authors: McCard Monica , South Josie , Cuthbert Ross N. , Dickey James W. E. , McCard Nathan , Dick Jaimie T. A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBiodiversity is declining on a global scale and the spread of invasive alien species (IAS) is a major driver, particularly through predatory impacts. Thus, effective means of assessing and predicting the consequences of IAS predation on native prey population stability remains a vital goal for conservation. Here, we applied two classic ecological concepts, consumer functional response (FR) and prey switching, to predict and understand the ecological impacts of juveniles of the lionfish (Pterois volitans), a notorious and widespread marine invader. Functional responses and prey switching propensities were quantified towards three representative prey species:Artemia salina,Palaemonetes varians, andGammarus oceanicus. Lionfish exhibited potentially destabilising Type II FRs towards individual prey species, owing to high consumption rates at low prey densities, whilst FR magnitudes differed among prey species. Functional response attack rates (a) were highest, and handling times (h) lowest, towardsA. salina, followed byP. variansand thenG. oceanicus. Maximum feeding rates (1/h) and functional response ratios (FRR;a/h) also followed this impact gradient for the three prey species. Lionfish, however, displayed a potentially population stabilising prey switching propensity (i.e. frequency-dependent predation) when multiple prey species were presented simultaneously, where disproportionately less of rare prey, and more of abundant prey, were consumed. Whilst FR and FRR magnitudes indicate markedper capitalionfish predatory impacts towards prey species, a strong prey switching propensity may reduce in-field impacts by offering low density prey refuge in biodiverse communities. Our results thus corroborate field patterns documenting variable impacts of lionfish, with prey extirpations less likely in diverse communities owing to frequency-dependent predation.
Determination of stellar parameters for Ariel targets: a comparison analysis between different spectroscopic methods
Authors: Brucalassi Anna , Tsantaki Maria , Magrini Laura , Sousa Sergio , Danielski Camilla , Biazzo Katia , Casali Giada , Van der Swaelmen Mathieu , Rainer Monica , Adibekyan Vardan , Delgado-Mena Elisa , Sanna Nicoletta 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAriel has been selected as the next ESA M4 science mission and it is expected to be launched in 2028. During its 4-year mission, Ariel will observe the atmospheres of a large and diversified population of transiting exoplanets. A key factor for the achievement of the scientific goal of Ariel is the selection strategy for the definition of the input target list. A meaningful choice of the targets requires an accurate knowledge of the planet hosting star properties and this is necessary to be obtained well before the launch. In this work, we present the results of a bench-marking analysis between three different spectroscopic techniques used to determine stellar parameters for a selected number of targets belonging to the Ariel reference sample. We aim to consolidate a method that will be used to homogeneously determine the stellar parameters of the complete Ariel reference sample. Homogeneous, accurate and precise derivation of stellar parameters is crucial for characterising exoplanet-host stars and in turn is a key factor for the accuracy of the planet properties.
Thermally conductive poly(ether ether ketone)/boron nitride composites with low coefficient of thermal expansion
Authors: Ghosh Barun , Xu Fang , Hou Xianghui 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe substantial heat generation due to miniaturization and high-degree integration of electronic devices is one of the major issues to facilitate efficient thermal management in power electronics. Though epoxy-based composites have shown great interest in different applications such as laminated circuit board, electronic component encapsulations, and potting, they have low application temperature (up to 150 °C) and higher mismatch of coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between the heat source and heat sink. Here, poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) composites reinforced with hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) nanoplatelets have been developed by liquid mixing and re-melting method for a step change in composite materials with lower CTE and significantly improved thermal dissipation capability. The lowest achieved CTE is 2.1 µm m−1 K−1, and the highest thermal conductivity is 1.04 W m−1 K−1 in PEEK/hBN composites at 30 wt% hybrid hBN content (hBN platelets with two different sizes, i.e. 70 nm and 500 nm, taken as 1:1 weight ratio), due to the formation of thermally conductive inter-filler networks. The composites show negligible variation in K with the working temperature up to 250 °C. The developed composites also exhibit excellent electrical insulation properties; thus, they will have good potential in thermal management for power electronic applications.
Graphical abstract
Quantum gravity and Riemannian geometry on the fuzzy sphere
Authors: Lira-Torres Evelyn , Majid Shahn 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe study the quantum geometry of the fuzzy sphere defined as the angular momentum algebra $$[x_i,x_j]=2\imath \lambda _p \epsilon _{ijk}x_k$$

[

x
i

,

x
j

]

=
2
ı

λ
p

ϵ

ijk

x
k

modulo setting $$\sum _i x_i^2$$

∑
i

x
i
2

to a constant, using a recently introduced 3D rotationally invariant differential structure. Metrics are given by symmetric $$3 \times 3$$

3
×
3

matrices g and we show that for each metric there is a unique quantum Levi-Civita connection with constant coefficients, with scalar curvature $$ \frac{1}{2}(\mathrm{Tr}(g^2)-\frac{1}{2}\mathrm{Tr}(g)^2)/\det (g)$$

1
2

(
Tr

(

g
2

)

-

1
2

Tr

(
g
)

2

)

/
det

(
g
)

. As an application, we construct Euclidean quantum gravity on the fuzzy unit sphere. We also calculate the charge 1 monopole for the 3D differential structure.
Prophylactic anticoagulation in patients with glioblastoma or brain metastases and atrial fibrillation: an increased risk for intracranial hemorrhage?
Authors: Burth Sina , Ohmann Mona , Kronsteiner Dorothea , Kieser Meinhard , Löw Sarah , Riedemann Lars , Laible Mona , Berberich Anne , Drüschler Katharina , Rizos Timolaos , Wick Antje , Winkler Frank , Wick Wolfgang , Nagel Simon 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Patients with glioblastoma (GBM) or brain metastases (MET) and atrial fibrillation (AF) might be at an increased risk of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) due to anticoagulation (AC). Our aim was to assess this risk.

Methods
Our institution’s database (from 2005 to 2017) was screened for patients with GBM or MET and AF with an indication for AC according to their CHA2DS2VASc stroke risk score (≥ 2). Required follow-up was at least 3 months. AC was either performed with heparins, phenprocoumon or non-Vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants. Applying the propensity score approach, patient cohorts (matched according to primary tumor, age, sex) were generated (GBM [or MET] with AF ± AC, GBM [or MET] without AF/AC, no GBM [or MET] but AF on AC). ICH was defined as clinical deterioration caused by new blood on imaging. A log rank test was performed to compare the risk for ICH between the three groups.

Results
In total, 104 patients were identified of which 49 with GBM (37% on AC) and 37 with MET (46% on AC) were successfully matched. Median follow up was 8.6 and 7.2 months, respectively. ICH occurred in 10.2% of GBM + AF and 12.2% GBM-AF, whereas 8% of patients with AF on AC suffered ICH (p = 0.076). 13.5% of patients with MET + AF had ICHs, in the controls it was 16% for MET-AF and 8% for AF on AC (p = 0.11).

Conclusion
AC did not seem to influence the incidence of ICH in patients with glioblastoma or brain metastases within follow up of just under 9 months.
Unamuno on making oneself indispensable and having the strength to long for immortality
Authors: Buben Adam 
Published: March 2021

AbstractUnamuno believes that longing for immortality is what motivates nearly all of human behavior. Unfortunately, in a world in which many people despair of ever achieving true personal immortality, we increasingly turn to what he calls mere “shadows of immortality” for comforting ideas about how our names, energy, or basic material substance will carry on in our absence. Unamuno advocates fighting against such despair, staying out of the shadows, and longing for personal immortality even when it seems impossible. Unamuno’s approach to this issue resembles, in a few significant ways, Kierkegaard’s struggle for the cultivation of subjective selfhood. At the same time, it also runs afoul of Nietzsche’s derisive claims about immortality-seekers. Whereas Nietzsche sees longing for immortality as a sign of being too weak to make the most of mortal life, the more Kierkegaardian Unamuno counters that it is a sign of strong appreciation for life to demand, without surrender, that there be more of it. Given the proper understanding of Nietzsche’s claims about the eternal recurrence, I think he and Unamuno might not be quite as far apart as it initially seems. However, exploring the latter’s critique of the former suggests an intriguing way of seeing the contemporary analytic debate about the desirability of immortality. Building on Unamuno’s position, one could argue that pessimism about the value of immortality is actually indicative of a flawed character and an impoverished relationship with life.
Prescribing trends of oral anticoagulants in England over the last decade: a focus on new and old drugs and adverse events reporting
Authors: Afzal Saima , Zaidi Syed Tabish Razi , Merchant Hamid A. , Babar Zaheer-Ud-Din , Hasan Syed Shahzad 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDirect-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are replacing conventional VKA (vitamin K antagonist, i.e., warfarin) for various indications where a therapeutic anticoagulant effect is desired. We evaluated the prescribing patterns of the DOACs and warfarin, cost implications of the increasing DOACs prescribing, and deduce the reporting of serious and fatal events, during 2009–2019 in primary care England. Prescriptions and fatal or serious adverse events reporting data, between 2009 and 2019 were analysed, using linear regression to examine the trends in prescriptions, costs, and serious and fatal events reporting. We also compared the prescribing trends of four direct-acting oral anticoagulants and warfarin, normalised to per 1000 clinical commissioning group (CCG) patient population for the year 2019 to better understand the regional differences in DOACs prescribing. The overall use of any DOACs (as a proportion of total anticoagulants) increased from 16% in 2015 to 62% in 2019 with an average increase of 87% (95% CI 83.1, 90.5) per year. The reporting of serious and fatal events associated with DOACs decreased by 6% (95% CI 12.5, − 0.1) per year. Apixaban is by far the most prescribed with an average drug cost increasing to 156% (95% CI 140, 172) per year. In England, the lowest anticoagulant prescribing region was Greater London whereas the highest prescribing regions were Yorkshire and Humber for DOACs and the East Midlands for warfarin. Interestingly, Lancashire, Merseyside, and Cheshire showed a higher usage for warfarin over DOACs. The differing prescription patterns could be a result of changes in national guidelines and increasing population. Nevertheless, DOACs appear to make an increasing contribution to total anticoagulant prescription items and costs.