bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physics in the structure and form of the architectural project. Museum of Contemporary Art Niterói, Brazil
Authors: Coronel-Ruiz L K , Ayala-Garcia E T , Prada-Nuñez R 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This article analyzed the formal, functional, and structural aspects of the Museum of Contemporary Art Niterói in Brazil, by identifying the criteria associated with architecture and physics; this is to establish the importance of the analysis of the architectural project to obtain the basic skills of the architect. A mixed methodological framework was used, the quantitative phase was developed from a questionnaire under a non-probabilistic sample allowed to recognize the formal, structural, and functional aspects of the work under study, the qualitative phase used an interview that established the value represented by the recognition of the application of physics in architecture. As a relevant finding, it is highlighted a basic understanding of the physical elements applied to architecture, specifically in the case of Museum of Contemporary Art Niterói, Brazil, and that they recognize the importance of the analysis of architectural works as a pedagogical tool that favors obtaining the basic skills of the architect.
Recording of temperatures and heat accumulation in masonry in a continuous kiln used to produce ceramic materials
Authors: Gómez G Guerrero , García N Afanador , Amaya R J Gallardo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In Ocaña, Colombia, a traditional ceramic industry has been developed using low efficiency kilns without controls in the combustion processes, which generate large heat losses. As a result, it was necessary to implement a virtual instrument to monitor temperatures in the firing process. For the study, a continuous Hoffman kiln, and the temperature acquisition was carried out in two combustion chambers and lasted twenty-four hours. In the kiln firing process, the energy supplied due to coal combustion was 22198×106 KJ, while the heat accumulated in the kiln roof, walls and floor was 14452.6×106 KJ, 1085.71×106 KJ and 164.72×106 KJ respectively. The total heat stored in the masonry was 15703.03×106 KJ, representing 70.73 % of the energy supplied. Due to the material used in the construction of the kiln, the accumulated heat is high, and it is necessary to implement coatings using ceramic fibers on the kiln walls, keeping the temperature constant in the firing process and leading to a decrease in heat accumulation of about 20 %. Also, air, fuel, temperature, and pressure injection systems should be implemented.
CSM-AB: graph-based antibody–antigen binding affinity prediction and docking scoring function
Authors: Myung Yoochan , Pires Douglas E V , Ascher David B 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMotivationUnderstanding antibody–antigen interactions is key to improving their binding affinities and specificities. While experimental approaches are fundamental for developing new therapeutics, computational methods can provide quick assessment of binding landscapes, guiding experimental design. Despite this, little effort has been devoted to accurately predicting the binding affinity between antibodies and antigens and to develop tailored docking scoring functions for this type of interaction. Here, we developed CSM-AB, a machine learning method capable of predicting antibody–antigen binding affinity by modelling interaction interfaces as graph-based signatures.ResultsCSM-AB outperformed alternative methods achieving a Pearson's correlation of up to 0.64 on blind tests. We also show CSM-AB can accurately rank near-native poses, working effectively as a docking scoring function. We believe CSM-AB will be an invaluable tool to assist in the development of new immunotherapies.Availability and implementationCSM-AB is freely available as a user-friendly web interface and API at http://biosig.unimelb.edu.au/csm_ab/datasets.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Aristocratic involvement in Charles VI’s royal progress in Languedoc, 1389–90
Authors: Graham-Goering Erika 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
While ceremonial progresses and civic entries have been understood primarily through the lens of urban–royal relationships, they were also occasions for the political engagement of the rural elite. A case study of the homages performed by southern French lords to King Charles VI shows that the landed aristocracy was integral to the royal agenda. It also offers an innovative spatial approach to analysing their agency in this process, which reinforced their own authority and social interests. The reciprocity of this interaction attests the deliberate incorporation of local lordship into the co-operative structures of late medieval government.
International organizations' responses to member state contestation: from inertia to resilience
Authors: Hirschmann Gisela 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
International organizations (IOs) play a key role in promoting multilateral cooperation on critical transnational issues. Yet, their authority has increasingly been contested by member states that cut financial contributions or even withdraw their membership. How do IOs respond to such contestation? While the existing literature has mostly focused on reactions by other member states, I argue in this article that our understanding of IOs' responses to contestation remains incomplete without an analysis of IO bureaucracies. I propose a conceptual framework to analyse three types of bureaucratic responses: inertia, i.e. no immediate response; adaptation, i.e. institutional changes to maintain the support of the challenging member state(s); and resilience-building, i.e. developing organizational capacities to limit contestation. I argue that each of these responses is shaped by specific bureaucratic mechanisms, namely hunkering, negotiation, framing, coalition-building, shaming and professionalization. Based on a comparative within-case study analysing the reactions of the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) to budget cuts by the Reagan, Bush and Trump administrations, I further theorize that the organization's threat perception, the position of other member states and bureaucratic leadership are relevant factors that need to be considered to explain the variation in IO responses to contestation.
Effects of rainfall, forage biomass, and population density, on survival and growth of juvenile kangaroos
Authors: Plaisir Charles-Alexandre , King Wendy J , Forsyth David M , Festa-Bianchet Marco 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A central goal of ecology is to understand how environmental variation affects populations. Long-term studies of marked individuals can quantify the effects of environmental variation on key life-history traits. We monitored the survival and growth of 336 individually marked juvenile eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus), a large herbivore living in a seasonal but unpredictable environment. During our 12-year study, the population experienced substantial variation in rainfall, forage biomass, and density. We used structural equation modeling to determine how variation in temperature and rainfall affected juvenile survival and growth through its effect on forage biomass and population density. Independently of population density, forage biomass had strong positive effects on survival from 10 to 21 months. At low population density, forage biomass also had a positive effect on skeletal growth to 26 months. Increasing maternal body condition improved rearing success for daughters but not for sons. High population density reduced skeletal growth to 26 months for both sexes. Rainfall had an increasingly positive effect on forage biomass at high temperatures, indicating a seasonal effect on food availability. Our study reveals interacting effects of environmental variation on juvenile survival and growth for a large mammal with a conservative reproductive strategy that experiences substantial stochasticity in food availability.
Effects of capture on stress-axis measures in endangered little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus)
Authors: Edwards Phoebe D , Boonstra Rudy , Bosson Curtis O , Jane Harms N , Kukka Piia M , Willis Craig K R , Jung Thomas S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) are a widely distributed species in North America that have been decimated by the fungal disease white-nose syndrome. As such, little brown bats are the focus of monitoring and research initiatives that often include capturing and handling free-ranging individuals. We examined the stress response of 198 adult female little brown bats after being captured from three bat houses, during the summer. Our objective was to inform best practices to researchers capturing and handling bats in the wild. We compared the stress response among bats held for &lt;3 min (baseline), 15–30 min, or &gt;30 min, and then among bats held alone or in a group with conspecifics. We measured the levels of plasma total and free cortisol, maximum corticosteroid binding capacity (MCBC), and blood glucose. Relative to baseline, total and free cortisol levels were significantly higher in bats held for 15–30 min and higher still in those held for &gt; 30 min. Blood glucose levels were elevated after &gt;30 min of holding. MCBC levels showed no differences among holding times. We detected a weak effect of social holding condition, with solitary-held bats having lower total cortisol levels than group-held bats, but MCBC, free cortisol, and blood glucose levels showed no effect of social holding condition. Our findings demonstrate that capture time should be minimized and suggest that little brown bats should be handled and released within 30 min of capture as means of reducing stress. Further, solitary holding did not appear to increase stress measures, which supports holding bats individually after capture, instead of in groups, to reduce risk of pathogen and parasite transmission.
March 23, 2005—Getting Finished
Authors: McQuellon Richard P. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Nell has taken a major step toward her goal of leaving this world peacefully by initiating increased contact with home hospice care. She has changed physically even more since our last visit three weeks ago. Her tumor is growing and making it more difficult for her to travel by car. However, she is able to move around her apartment with little difficulty. She has had many interactions with healthcare providers, some disturbing but most helpful. She reiterates her disappointment at her doctor’s revelation that death is not yet on the horizon. She has spiritual musings as well as questions about her own life force, which may be keeping her on earth even though she is ready to leave. She has noticed an increasing irritability, related to the discomfort she feels with the size of her tumor. She is learning to adjust her medications and habits in order to reduce pain. Telling her story to a listener is a form of medicine that gives her comfort.
May 30, 2005—Far from Home
Authors: McQuellon Richard P. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Nell requested a transfusion to boost her energy due to her low hemoglobin. During the 10-hour odyssey, she met helpful healthcare providers and saw many opportunities to express her gratitude. Al and Anna accompanied her and helped ease the distress of travel. Nevertheless, anxiety spiked badly when she discovered that her do-not-resuscitate (DNR) form was still at home, hanging prominently on the wall above her bed. Nell knew that resuscitation success rates were low for people over 65 and that her tumor would continue to grow, eventually closing off life; in any case, she does not want to be kept alive artificially. Fortunately, Anna later brought the DNR to the hospital. It acts as a security object for Nell, like the rosary she frequently holds.
June 14, 2005—Facing, Accepting and Yielding
Authors: McQuellon Richard P. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Nell greets me at the door tonight. She is thin, fading. Therese Schroeder-Sheker has described cancer patients as “disappearing slowly.” Nell’s humor is reserved tonight and her movements are slow and deliberate. She walks cautiously from the front door to the living room, nasal cannula in place, oxygen tube trailing. She offers me a Coke. I follow her to her room holding the oxygen tube and our drinks. We discuss the works of Thich Nhat Hanh and the concept of mindfulness. Nell refers to After the Ecstasy, the Laundry by Jack Kornfield. She notes that for her, after facing death, there are the tasks of daily living such as “getting this damn TV working!” Nell is a brave woman and grateful for the kind people in her life. She believes that kindness will come to her aid as she moves through to the end. She has expressed gratitude since our very first meeting.
The Ethics of Uncertainty
Authors: Johnson L. Syd M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Disorders of consciousness (DoCs) raise difficult and complex questions about the value of life for persons with impaired consciousness, the rights of persons unable to make medical decisions, and our social, medical, and ethical obligations to patients whose personhood has frequently been challenged and neglected. Recent neuroscientific discoveries have led to enhanced understanding of the heterogeneity of these disorders and patients, and focused renewed attention on the disturbingly high rate of misdiagnosis. This book examines the entanglement of epistemic and ethical uncertainty in DoCs and other medical contexts, and how they interact to create both epistemic and ethical risks. Philosopher and bioethicist L. Syd M Johnson pulls together multiple threads—the ontological mysteries of consciousness, medical uncertainty about unconsciousness, ableist bias, withdrawal of treatment in neurointensive care, and the rarely questioned view that consciousness is essential to personhood and moral status. Johnson challenges longstanding bioethical dogmas about DoC patients, and argues for an ethics of uncertainty for contexts where there is a need for decisive action in the presence of unavoidable uncertainty. The ethics of uncertainty refocuses ethical inquiry concerning persons with DoCs, placing less emphasis on their contested personhood, and more on inductive risk and uncertainty, on respect for autonomy, and especially on epistemic justice, and the duties of privileged epistemic agents. It is an approach with applications beyond brain injury, encouraging an expansive and humane approach that enables surrogate decision makers facing fraught, complex, risky choices to fulfill their obligations as moral and epistemic agents.
Uncertainty
Authors: Johnson L. Syd M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The relatively brief history of disorders of consciousness has seen two epistemic eras—the first was marked by certainty, both ethical and epistemic, about the vegetative state. The second era has been notable for its epistemic and ethical uncertainty. This chapter looks at the 21st century neuroscientific revolution in disorders of consciousness and its ongoing reverberations. Uncertainty about these disorders continues to increase. There are ontological and epistemic doubts about behavioral diagnosis, which looks for the contents of consciousness, or local states of consciousness, while trying to capture the global states of consciousness that are of most diagnostic and ethical interest. The scientific and medical uncertainty, and the high rate of misdiagnosis, complicate ethical decision-making for patients with these disorders.
Upstream/Downstream
Authors: Johnson L. Syd M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment is the leading factor in deaths after brain injuries: 64 to 92 percent of neurointensive care deaths occur after treatment withdrawal, most within the first 72 hours after injury. There is risk inversion in the way the upstream and downstream ethical risks are weighed for comatose patients. The inversion occurs when more certain risks are undertaken upstream (in neurointensive care) to avoid less certain, more speculative risks downstream. These are ethical risks—the upstream risk is that withdrawing life-sustaining treatment soon after a brain injury will result in death, and a lost opportunity to survive and live a good and flourishing life. The downstream risk is that the patient will survive, but in a condition that is unacceptable to them. The upstream/downstream problem is a wicked problem, where each solution can create new problems. Whether the risks can, and should, be reinverted is the question.
Moral Status and the Consciousness Criterion
Authors: Johnson L. Syd M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The Consciousness Criterion is the claim that moral status requires consciousness, or that being conscious is a necessary condition for being a person. The idea that consciousness imbues an entity with special value, or moral status, is widely accepted in Western cultures. So much so that it is hardly questioned. It should be questioned. This chapter shows that the Consciousness Criterion fails for two reasons: 1) consciousness is not a moral property, and consciousness alone is not sufficient to ground moral properties (like being autonomous, or being a moral agent), and 2) conscious creatures cannot be identified with certainty, so consciousness is not epistemically robust enough to undergird personhood or moral status. Thus consciousness cannot be a necessary condition for being a person. The moral status project of deciding who is and is not a person is rejected as uninformative concerning what is ethically permissible.
Epidemiological Health Information
Authors: Vaughan J Patrick , Victora Cesar , R Chowdhury A Mushtaque 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Epidemiological health information is vital for planning and managing health services. This chapter examines importance of different diseases, local health surveillance systems and availability of data and how to use it. Information is reviewed for typical patterns of morbidity, mortality, and burden of disease. Local epidemiological data are useful to estimate expected numbers of cases, geographical access to health facilities, quality of services, and the coverage achieved for different programmes. Importance of understanding seasonality on health data and indicators of inequalities is explained. A local health information checklist is given.
Data Processing and Analysis
Authors: Vaughan J Patrick , Victora Cesar , R Chowdhury A Mushtaque 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Data only becomes useful information when it has been analysed and the information has been processed, analysed, and interpreted. Small datasets of 100 or less subjects can be analysed quickly by hand. Data analysis starts with one-, two-, and three-way tables with the analysed data then summarized as percentages, proportions, range, averages, median, and standard deviation. Correlation measures associations between two variables and multiple variables may need to be analysed using regression techniques. Age and sex standardization is usually needed when comparing survey or reported data from two or more different populations. Analysis using computer programmes, such as EpiInfo, is useful for surveys.
Sacroiliac Joint Pain
Authors: Abd-Elsayed Alaa , Sayed Dawood 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Lower back pain attributed to the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) is prevalent but historically has been frequently underdiagnosed. Even when the SIJ is properly identified as a source of lower back pain, individuals suffering from SIJ dysfunction are often not treated effectively. Improved educational resources for clinicians based on effective evidence-based treatments for SIJ dysfunction are critical in improving the current gap in diagnosis and treatment. Several established and emerging treatments exist for patients with SIJ dysfunction, but prior to this text, no comprehensive resource has existed that addressed management of SIJ dysfunction. This text presents a full and up-to-date review of all the available treatments for SIJ dysfunction, with the aim of providing clinicians with a single comprehensive resource for treatment of their patients.
Complications of peripheral nerve stimulation for sacroiliac pain
Authors: Hughes Meghan Cantlon , Abd-Elsayed Alaa 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This chapter will look at complications of peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) by stratifying them into three distinct categories: hardware-related complications (lead migration or fracture, connection issues, and premature battery depletion), biologic complications (infection), and programming or therapy-related complications. Today, the complications related to current PNS procedures are rare and minor. Hospital admission is exceedingly unlikely. Every new device on the market is working not only to improve performance but also to mitigate risks such as lead migration and infection. Also included in this chapter is background information about how the procedure and the hardware have evolved over the years, leading to improved performance and fewer complications.
Postoperative care
Authors: Latif Usman , Concannon Tyler , Frazier Andrew 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This chapter discusses postoperative recommendations, including ambulation, wound care, antibiotic guidelines, and follow-up interval, for patients who have undergone open surgical SIJ fusion versus minimally invasive (MIS) SIJ fusion. Postoperative care varies widely based on the surgical approach. In particular, patients undergoing MIS are less likely to be admitted, ambulate sooner, have a shorter period of less stringent restrictions, and have faster wound healing with fewer complications. These benefits are due to a variety of factors including shorter incision length, less tissue disruption, decreased operating time, and less blood loss. This benefit is most pronounced with approaches that do not involve the use of hardware. Patients undergoing open surgery typically progress through a 4- to 5-month phased plan of progressive physical therapy. In contrast, patients undergoing MIS, particularly percutaneous SIJ fusion with bone allograft, are able to ambulate immediately and have a short period of mild restrictions followed by return to normal activity. The advent of new surgical techniques and less invasive solutions for SIJ fusion is leading the way to an easier postoperative recovery period for patients.
What if fusion fails?
Authors: Kalia Hemant 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Minimally invasive sacroiliac joint fusion and fixation are effective treatment options for chronic low back pain that is mediated by sacroiliac joint pathology. Numerous factors related to either the patient or the device/fusion approach can predispose to fusion failure. It is imperative to identify these modifiable risk factors and address them appropriately. Currently, there is a dearth of literature regarding optimal treatment options in cases of sacroiliac joint fusion failure. Treatment options for sacroiliac joint fusion failure such as neuroablation, neuromodulation, and surgical revision, either open or using minimally invasive technique, can be considered in patients with sacroiliac joint fusion failure.