bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longevity and subject‐reported satisfaction after minimally invasive jawline contouring
Authors: Müller Daniel , Prinz Valentina , Sulovsky Monika , Cajkovsky Mia , Moellhoff Nicholas , Cotofana Sebastian , Frank Konstantin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundMinimally invasive treatments as soft tissue filler injections can enhance the appearance of the jawline. This prospective, single‐center study investigated aesthetic outcome, patient satisfaction, adverse events, and volume changes after jawline contouring using standardized reporting scales and objectifiable 3D surface analysis.MethodsA total of 30 patients (1 male and 29 females, mean age: 57.2 (±8.7) years) were investigated. Patients underwent jawline augmentation using a highly cross‐linked hyaluronic acid–based soft tissue filler. Three‐dimensional surface imaging was performed after 2 weeks, and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Furthermore, the aesthetic results and the occurrence of complications were investigated after two weeks, and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months.ResultsThe surface‐volume coefficient (SVC) had an average of 1.10 ± 0.2 after 14 days, 0.95 ± 0.1 after 3 months, 0.83 ± 0.1 after 6 months, 0.74 ± 0.1 after 9 months, and 0.63 ± 0.1 after 12 months. A significant correlation was revealed between time of measurement and measured SVC with rp = −0.761, p < 0.001. Multivariate analysis revealed a significant difference between the measured SVC and the different time points of measurement with p < 0.001. The data revealed strong aesthetic improvement with results most often reported as “very much improved” according to the 5‐point GAIS after 3, 6, and 9 months, both by the investigator and by the patients. A 12‐month follow‐up analysis showed “much improved” results in a majority of cases.ConclusionThe result of this investigation showed that jawline enhancement using minimally invasive soft tissue filler injections produces durable, safe results that are generally rated as very satisfying from a patient's and investigator's perspective over a time period of 12 months.
Stem cell‐derived exosomes: A supernova in cosmetic dermatology
Authors: Shen Xu , Song Shenghua , Chen Nian , Liao Junlin , Zeng Li 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionStem cell‐derived exosomes are cell‐free vesicles secreted by stem cells. Exosomes play a pivotal role in cell‐to cell communication due to the functional proteins and genetic information which they carry. In addition, studies on cell migration, tumor invasion, tissue regeneration, myocardial repair after injury, and fracture healing have been widely reported.ObjectivesThe purpose of this review is to sum up the current state of research on multiple stem cell‐derived exosomes in cosmetic dermatology and to discuss the current challenges and future directions.MethodsWe searched "skin" and "exosome" from PubMed to find the application of stem cell exosomes in cosmetic dermatology.ResultsWe found that stem cell‐derived exosomes have an important place in skin cosmetology such as wound healing, skin aging, and scar formation.ConclusionStem cell derived exosomes supply a potential tool to cosmetic dermatology. The performance of stem cell derived exosomes in regulating skin physiological and pathobiological functions suggests that stem cell derived exosomes have potential in cosmetic dermatology.
Cephalometric analysis following combined Sub‐SMAS hyaluronic acid injection and subdermal and supraperiosteal poly‐L‐lactic acid injections in Asian women
Authors: Chuang Andy Deng‐Chi , Yang Chuan‐Kai , Chang Chang‐Cheng , Lin Erh‐Ti , Tsai Li‐Cheng , Huang Yung‐Hsueh , Huang Peter , Chiang Hsiu‐Mei , Lin Bor‐Shyh 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe aging face is characterized by skin laxity and volume loss. Attenuation of facial retaining ligaments significantly contributes to skin sagginess and soft tissue volume loss.AimsWe designed a prospective cohort study to quantitatively assess the efficacy of hyaluronic acid (HA) with adjunct poly‐L‐lactic acid (PLLA) injections in strengthening the retaining ligaments.Patients/MethodsA total of 12 Asian women were treated with HA injections to the orbital, zygomatic, buccal‐maxillary, and mandibular retaining ligaments with adjunct supraperiosteal and subdermal PLLA injections to the temporal region, midface, and lower face. Cephalometric measurements were done before treatment and 2, 4, 12, and 24 weeks post‐procedurally.ResultsEyebrow peak and tail angles increased 20.0° ± 3.8° to 21.0° ± 3.8° (p < 0.05) and −2.9° ± 4.2° to −1.3° ± 3.3° (p < 0.001) at week 12. Eyebrow‐to‐orbital‐rim distance increased 1.9 ± 2.0 mm to 3.9 ± 1.5 mm (p < 0.001) at week 12. Eyebrow‐to‐upper‐eyelid distance increased 11.6 ± 3.0 mm to 12.7 ± 3.2 mm (p < 0.001) at week 24. Eyebrow‐peak‐to‐lateral‐limbus distance decreased 6.1 ± 3.1 mm to 5.3 ± 2.4 mm (p < 0.05) at week 4. Tragus‐oral‐commissure length and lower‐facial‐contouring length decreased 281 ± 11 mm to 275 ± 10 mm (p < 0.01) and 297 ± 14 to 292 ± 11 mm (p < 0.05) at week 12, respectively.ConclusionHyaluronic acid injection for strengthening of facial retaining ligaments with adjunct PLLA is viable, safe, and effective in facial rejuvenation as supported by quantitative data.
Outcomes of nurse‐led telecoaching intervention for patients with heart failure: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Imanuel Tonapa Santo , Inayati Aini , Sithichoksakulchai Siriluk , Daryanti Saragih Ita , Efendi Ferry , Chou Fan‐Hao 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundStudies have identified that nurse‐led telephone health coaching benefited the continuity of care in patients with heart failure. However, the effect of nurse‐led telephone health coaching remains inconclusive among the previous studies.AimThis review aimed to determine the effects of nurse‐led telecoaching among patients with heart failure.DesignThis study was a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomised controlled trials. This study was reported in accordance with the PRISMA guideline.MethodsSeven databases (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, MEDLINE, Cochrane library and Ovid) were electronically searched up to 20 October 2020. The eligibility criteria were a randomised controlled trial study on heart failure patients, with the intervention led by a nurse through telephone coaching. Two authors independently evaluated the methodological quality using the modified Jadad scale. The Comprehensive Meta‐Analysis software version 3.0 with a random effect model was used to conduct a meta‐analysis, and Begg's and Egger's tests were performed to assess publication bias. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis was carried out.ResultsA total of 12 randomised controlled trials were met eligibility criteria and representing 1938 heart failure patients. The results showed that the nurse‐led telecoaching significantly enhanced patients’ self‐care behaviour (SMD = .84, 95%CI [0.45–1.24], p < .001) and improved quality of life (SMD = .23, 95%CI [0.06–0.39], p = .007).ConclusionNurse‐led telecoaching appears to enhance self‐care behaviour and improve quality of life in patients with heart failure. Further research needs to build the evidence for nurse‐led telecoaching intervention, including understanding its mechanisms of action (e.g. frequency, components) and identifying its moderating factors.Relevance to clinical practiceImplementation of nurse‐led telecoaching is deemed helpful in promoting continuity of care because it was an accessible and sustainable intervention to improve patients’ self‐care and quality of life.
Prevalence of peripheral intravenous catheters and policy adherence: A point prevalence in a tertiary care university hospital
Authors: Berger Sarah , Winchester Kerry , Principe Rommel B. , Culverwell Elizabeth 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesTo determine prevalence and policy adherence for peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVC) in adult inpatients at a tertiary care university hospital (with about 83,000 inpatient admissions annually).BackgroundUp to 80% of hospitalised patients receive intravenous therapy, most commonly via PIVCs. However, these devices are not risk‐free. Studies indicate that PIVC management standards in clinical practice are inadequate despite established policies promoting best practice. This leads to premature failure resulting in treatment delays, extended length of stay and potential compromised venous access for subsequent IV therapy.DesignObservational point prevalence study.MethodsStudy undertaken on all adult acute care medical, surgical and oncology wards. Data were collected by senior registered nurses working in pairs on a single day. Descriptive statistics used to analyse data. SQUIRE 2.0 checklist for quality improvement reporting used.ResultsThere were 449 adult inpatients in 19 wards on survey day. One hundred and ninety‐seven had one or more PIVCs in situ. The total number of PIVCs in‐situ was 212. PIVC Prevalence was 47%. PIVCs were inserted in points of flexion such as antecubital fossa, back of hand or wrist in 52% of patients. Only 19% of cases had documented assessment of 8‐hourly visual infusion phlebitis (VIP) score. Patients had local signs of phlebitis in 14.4% of cases. Patients were not aware of the reason/need for their PIVC in 44% of cases.ConclusionsDiscrepancies between evidence‐based guidelines and local policy in clinical practice were identified including high rates of PIVC insertion in points of flexion and poor documentation. These quality problems increase likelihood of adverse patient outcomes especially when associated with limited patient awareness of the reason for their PIVC.Relevance to clinical practicePoor adherence to best practice standards is ‘accepted but unacceptable’. PIVC failure is costly to both patients and health systems. A strong focus on improvement in PIVC care and management is needed.
Is there a consensus on the health consequences of retirement? A literature review
Authors: Garrouste Clémentine , Perdrix Elsa 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe investigate the causal effect of retirement on health through literature. We explore the potential mechanisms which explain three effects: the switch from employment to retirement, later retirement, and earlier retirement. The empirical strategies used to identify the causal effects are mainly based on the observation of changes in health status at the legal age for retirement entitlement or on reforms that have led to changes in retirement incentives. Literature renders possible to make several observations on the average effect estimation. Retirement leads to better self‐reported health, less depression, a decrease in healthcare consumption, a decline in cognition and an ambiguous effect on physical health. Later retirement has no effect on mortality, decreases healthcare consumption, and has a negative or non‐significant impact on self‐reported health. Studies on the impact of earlier retirement are scarce due to few natural experiments exploiting such a variation. Lastly, some studies find evidence of heterogeneous effects by gender and occupational status. As there are relatively few studies on this aspect, the question should be seriously explored in future research.
Utility of Smartphone‐based real‐time report (Ecological Momentary Assessment) in the assessment and monitoring of awake bruxism: A multiple‐week interval study in a Portuguese population of university students
Authors: Dias Ricardo , Vaz Rui , Rodrigues Maria João , Serra‐Negra Júnia Maria , Bracci Alessandro , Manfredini Daniele 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPurposeThe Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) concept was the basis for developing a smartphone application for the on‐time report of awake bruxism (AB) activities. This study aims to monitor AB report over time in a population of healthy young adults.MethodsA population of young adults recruited among dental students in good general health was recruited. All answered to a questionnaire, including the Oral Behavior Checklist (OBC‐1). They were then monitored with a smartphone application for AB report during seven consecutive days and completed three further observation periods (EMA‐1, 2 and 3) at one‐month intervals. After the third period (EMA‐3), participants answered again the OBC questionnaire (OBC‐2). Changes over time were described, and Pearson Correlation test was performed to assess the correlation between EMA and OBC items reports. A significance level of p = .01 was set.ResultsThirty‐one University students completed the study protocol. Answers to the OBC showed an increase in the prevalence of self‐reported bracing and teeth clenching from the first to second report (38.7%–54.8% and 77.4%–90.3%, respectively). A slight increase in the ‘relaxed’ condition (62.5%–69.0%) was observed with EMA‐based smartphone application over time. No correlation between OBC items and EMA was detected between OBC‐1 and EMA‐1. A moderate positive correlation in bracing report (+0.509, p = .01) and weak positive correlation in teeth contact report (+0.380, p = .05) were found between OBC‐2 and EMA‐3.ConclusionUsing a smartphone‐based approach to AB report may be helpful to monitor AB over time and increase an individual's awareness to recognise actions such as bracing and teeth contact concerning the single‐time report.
Direct immunofluorescence analysis of oral Tzanck smears for pemphigus vulgaris: A diagnostic test
Authors: He Wenxiu , Li Kaiyi , Hu Xiaosheng , Hua Hong , Wei Pan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundPemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a rare and potentially fatal autoimmune blistering disease. Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) and histopathological analysis are crucial methods for PV diagnosis, but oral tissue biopsy is difficult to perform because of the fragile characteristics of the oral mucosa. However, no well‐designed diagnostic studies addressing the validity of DIF analysis of oral Tzanck smears for the diagnosis of PV exist. We aimed to design a diagnostic test based on DIF analysis combined with oral Tzanck smears and evaluate its diagnostic accuracy for PV.MethodsWe enrolled 81 patients with oral erosive lesions, of whom 41 patients had PV and 40 were non‐PV controls. Oral Tzanck smears were obtained from oral mucosal lesions and observed under a fluorescence microscope after fixing and fluorescence staining. The diagnostic efficacy indexes including sensitivity, specificity, predictive value, Youden index, diagnostic odds ratio, and likelihood ratio were calculated.ResultsOf the 41 PV patients, 36 showed DIF‐positive findings for oral Tzanck smears, and all 36 DIF‐positive PV patients showed IgG and/or C3 deposition, with seven also showing IgA and/or IgM positivity. None of the non‐PV controls showed DIF positivity. The sensitivity and specificity of DIF analysis with oral Tzanck smears were 87.80% and 100%, respectively. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) was 0.939, with the test demonstrating significantly high diagnostic efficacy.ConclusionDIF analysis of oral Tzanck smears is a minimally invasive and easy‐to‐operate technique that can assist the rapid and accurate diagnosis of PV in dental clinic.
Psychopathic traits and reinforcement learning under acute stress
Authors: Carvalheiro Joana , Conceição Vasco A. , Mesquita Ana , Seara‐Cardoso Ana 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveIndividuals with high levels of psychopathic traits are often characterized by aberrant reinforcement learning. This type of learning, which implicates making choices that maximize rewards and minimize punishments, may be affected by acute stress. However, how acute stress affects reinforcement learning in individuals with different levels of psychopathic traits is not well‐understood. Here, we investigated whether and how individual differences in psychopathic traits modulated the impact of acute stress on reward and punishment learning.MethodSixty‐two male participants from a university sample completed the Self‐Report Psychopathy‐Short Form scale and performed a reinforcement‐learning task involving monetary gains and losses whilst under acute stress and control conditions.ResultsIndividual differences in psychopathic traits modulated the impact of acute stress on behavioral performance toward obtaining gains, but not toward avoiding losses. As levels of psychopathic traits increased, the impairing effect of acute stress on reward learning decreased. Specifically, acute stress impaired performance toward seeking gains to a larger extent in individuals with lower levels of psychopathic traits than in individuals with higher levels of these traits.ConclusionsOur study indicates that psychopathic traits modulate the impact of acute stress on reward learning.
Safety hazards in patient seclusion events in psychiatric care: A video observation study
Authors: Varpula Jaakko , Välimäki Maritta , Lantta Tella , Berg Johanna , Soininen Päivi , Lahti Mari 
Published: September 2021

Accessible SummaryWhat is known on the subject?

Coercive measures such as seclusion are used to maintain the safety of patients and others in psychiatric care.

The use of coercive measures can lead to harm among patients and staff.

What the paper adds to existing knowledge?

This study is the first of its kind to rely on video observation to expose safety hazards in seclusion events that have not been reported previously in the literature.

The actions that both patients and staff take during seclusion events can result in various safety hazards.

Implications for practice?

Constant monitoring of patients during seclusion is important for identifying safety hazards and intervening to prevent harm.

Nursing staff who use seclusion need to be aware of how their actions can contribute to safety hazards and how they can minimize their potential for harm

AbstractIntroductionSeclusion is used to maintain safety in psychiatric care. There is still a lack of knowledge on potential safety hazards related to seclusion practices.AimTo identify safety hazards that might jeopardize the safety of patients and staff in seclusion events in psychiatric hospital care.MethodA descriptive design with non‐participant video observation was used. The data consisted of 36 video recordings, analysed with inductive thematic analysis.ResultsSafety hazards were related to patient and staff actions. Patient actions included aggressive behaviour, precarious movements, escaping, falling, contamination and preventing visibility. Staff actions included leaving hazardous items in a seclusion room, unsafe administration of medication, unsecured use of restraints and precarious movements and postures.DiscussionThis is the first observational study to identify safety hazards in seclusion, which may jeopardize the safety of patients and staff. These hazards were related to the actions of patients and staff.Implications for PracticeBeing better aware of possible safety hazards could help prevent adverse events during patient seclusion events. It is therefore necessary that nursing staff are aware of how their actions might impact their safety and the safety of the patients. Video observation is a useful method for identifying safety hazards. However, its use requires effort to safeguard the privacy and confidentiality of those included in the videos.
Improvement of simplified inclined plane test for evaluation of thickened liquids by using optical sensor
Authors: Yasuda Toshitaka 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe thickening management index for food for dysphagia is important in enabling recognition of the rheological properties of thickened liquids, including their static and dynamic properties. One of the static properties of these liquids is the yield stress. An improvement to the simplified inclined plane test is proposed here that involves use of an automatic system for measurement of the displacements of thickened liquids on an inclined plate. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the displacements of the thickened liquids and the variable thickener concentrations using an optical sensor. To measure the displacement of each thickened liquid on a clear inclined plate, an optical sensor that has a 12‐mm‐long light receiving surface is selected to form a one‐dimensional position‐sensitive detector (1D‐PSD) under the clear inclined plate. The relationship between the angle of inclination of the plate θ at which the maximum voltage occurred in the 1D‐PSD and five thickener (xanthan gum) concentrations c, ranging from 1.0 to 3.0 wt% in steps of 0.5 wt%, was investigated. It was confirmed that an approximately linear plot was obtained under the condition that θ = 8.24 c + 0.18, with the correlation R = .99 (for n = 7). This result indicated that the optical sensor composed of the 1D‐PSD can measure the displacements of thickened liquids with various thickener concentrations on the clear inclined plate automatically.
An investigation into the pathogenesis of blue catfish alloherpesvirus in ictalurid catfish
Authors: Dharan Vandana , Khoo Lester , Phelps Nicholas B. D. , Kumar Ganesh , Steadman James , Bosworth Brian , Aarattuthodi Suja 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntensive aquaculture production systems often encounter infectious viral disease outbreaks causing substantial fish mortalities and associated economic losses. Blue catfish alloherpesvirus (BCAHV) is an Ictalurid herpesvirus with limited information on pathogenesis. To determine the host‐specificity and potential host range of BCAHV, the virus was inoculated onto various fish cell lines belonging to families Ictaluridae, Cyprinidae, Centrarchidae, and Clariidae. Viral replication and exhibition of cytopathic effects (CPEs) were restricted to cell lines from the family Ictaluridae indicating the host preference of BCAHV. Subsequently, fish challenges were conducted to evaluate intrinsic and extrinsic factors influencing BCAHV infection. Mortality because of BCAHV infection was significantly higher in blue catfish and least in channel catfish further specifying the host preference of the virus. Histopathological assessment of the BCAHV infected fish revealed splenitis with severe erythrophagia. Host susceptibility to BCAHV differed with age with fish at 60 days post hatch being more susceptible. Temperature had a significant role in the activation and pathogenesis of BCAHV. Fish exposed to BCAHV at a sustained high temperature had significantly low mortality suggesting the likelihood of virus inactivation. Virus exposure in tanks with high stocking density resulted in significantly high fish mortalities indicating horizontal transmission is a key element in BCAHV pathogenesis. The heightened pathogenicity of BCAHV in blue and hybrid catfish as observed in this study validates its potential to be a significant pathogen in catfish production.
Social justice for young readers: advocating for access, choice and time to read
Authors: Mackey Margaret 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn a socially just world, everyone would have an equal chance to become an enthusiastic reader. This article presents a detailed ‘asset map’ of a successful reading life and investigates three necessary components for creating readers: access, choice and time to read. Access to books, the chance and the requisite knowledge to choose reading materials of genuine interest, and time to read and thus to develop reading stamina are all vital to reading success. Although they sound simple enough to supply, access, choice and time to read are all currently under attack. The provision of public and school libraries is threatened in many countries; in the absence of easy access to libraries, young people consequently have much less opportunity to practice book selection in a low‐stakes environment; and many classroom activities ironically limit reading time in favour of exercises and seatwork. Those working for socially just literacy options and affordances must decide on the most productive use of energy and resources to pursue a more level playing field; access, choice and time to read are necessary conditions of reading success.