bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exclusive Breast feeding in the 21st Century: a Roadmap to success in South Asia
Authors: Afroze Sharmin , Biswas Agnihotri , Begum Nargis Ara , Mei Ng Yvonne Peng 
Published: June 2021

Background: Exclusive breast feeding is a simple, cost-effective and life-saving intervention for the health of an infant. Despite its undisputable benefits, in past two decades, exclusive breast feeding rates have not improved much globally. Among the South Asian countries, some are raising the bars and some are still struggling to meet the target for reaching sustainable development goal. So this review was planned to understand their situation and how to improve further for establishment of successful exclusive breast feeding.
Main Body: On simple review of different literatures on exclusive breast feeding in South Asia, it was observed that the rate widely varies among the countries due to cultural and societal differences, women empowerment, illiteracy, maternal care practices, policy and program implementation and many other modifiable factors. Given the compelling evidence on the positive impacts of breast feeding, some integrated approaches are required involving policy makers, ensuring community participation and family centered counseling, providing health education for mothers and establishment of the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiatives.
Conclusion: Experiences from successful neighboring countries can guide the other countries of South Asia to plan their roadmap. Moreover, further dissemination and scaling up of existing programs on exclusive breast feeding can help to achieve the desired target for Sustainable Development Goal.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.725-731
Hajj Pilgrimage amidst covid-19 pandemic: a review
Authors: Goni Mohammed Dauda , Hasan Habsah , Deris Zakuan Zainy , Arifin Wan Nor , Baaba Aisha Abubakar 
Published: June 2021

Hajj pilgrimage is a nobligation for every Muslim that must be carried out at least once in their lifetime. Every year, more than 3 million pilgrims from over 180 countries travel to worship within a confined area of twelve kilometres in Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The host country and participating countries need to institute effective measures for a safer and healthier Hajj pilgrimage. In the immediate Hajj season during the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of pilgrims need to be reduced to the optimum number that can be managed individual countries’ Hajj missions. Beside proof COVID-19 clearance before travelling and completed Covid-19 vaccination, the stay in KSA should be shortened for Hajj ritual only. The participating countries responsible to thoroughly select individuals with low risk of severe infections, provide health education program, offer all compulsory and recommended vaccines and allocate adequate healthcare/isolation centres in KSA. The participating countries are also liable to prepare adequate quarantine places for hajj pilgrims when returning home. Individual pilgrims are responsible to prevent respiratory pathogens from spreading. Prior to departure for Hajj, they need to undergo a thorough medical examination, received all compulsory and recommended vaccines and follow health education program. During Hajj, they need to follow instructions by Hajj authorities, practicing proper hygiene, wearing a face mask and avoid crowded places. They also need to report to countries’ Hajj mission healthcare if having any fever or respiratory syndromes. With adequate measures prior, during and post-Hajj, we hope health security risk during the next Hajj seasons will be minimized.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.732-740
CD40L-CD40 interaction avidity as coronary artery disease predictive factor
Authors: Rosita Linda , Marfianti Erlina , Devita Ninda , Arjana Adika Zhulhi 
Published: June 2021

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) can occur due to atherosclerosis in coronary arteries. Platelet agreement plays an important role in the pathophysiology of CAD. CD40L is a surface antigen on activated platelets. CD40L will bind to CD40 which is expressed by macrophages and endothelials then this activation results in reduced thickness and stability of atherosclerotic plaque and then thrombus appears. Thrombus ultimately inhibits blood flow to the coronary arteries. Proper measurement of these activities can describe the occurrence of CADs driven by platelets.
Objectives: Measuring the avidity of CD40L-CD40 interactions so that the relationship between CD40L activity and CAD events can be seen.
Materials and Methods: This research is non-experimental in nature and uses Case control designs. The subjects of the study were CAD patients at RSUD Dr. Soedirman Kebumen. Patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were then examined and healthy patients were matched and CAD patients matched. The subject’s blood is then drawn and sent to Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Blood samples were then examined using flow cytometry to determine CD40L levels. The results obtained were then analyzed by logistic regression test with Medcalc software.
Results and discussion: Twenty-six subjects participated in this study, with 13 subjects were CAD patients and 13 healthy control subjects.The percentage of platelets expressing CD62P+ CD40L+ in the CAD group was higher than in the control group (p = 0.0015). Statistical analysis with T test showed that there were significant differences in CD40-expressing platelets between the CAD group and the control group (p = 0.0029).The study conclude that the avidity of CD40L-CD40 interactions as indicated by CD40 expression is related to CAD events. CD40 expression was higher in subjects with CAD compared to controls.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.796-800
Effects of visual impairment on sensory integration and new opportunitiesfor inclusive education
Authors: Belyaeva Ekaterina , Kartashova Oxana , Sokolaeva Nadezhda , Snezhko Zoya , Spichak Valentina 
Published: June 2021

Objective: Inclusive education aims to offer comprehensive collaborative education to healthy and disabled children. The purpose of the study is to perform a comparative analysis of the learning results in healthy and disabled children from different groups with those who study remotely, and a similar analysis between students of higher education institutions.
Methods: The study was conducted in 2018–19 in Moscow, Russia, involving 150 students with disabilities and 397 healthy students. Consideration was given to academic performance, psychophysical development and speech development.
Results and Discussion: Among students with healthcare nosologies, students with vision impairments are considered the most promising. The number of underachievers is 4.9 times lower than their peers (p 0.001).The greatest success in e-learning was among students with health nosologies relative to a similar group of children.
Conclusions: The number of outstanding students in the group with visual impairments exceeds those in the control group by 1.5 times (p≤0.05). Of the students with health nosologies, the most promising group is visually impaired students. High academic performance of students with visual impairments and disordered motor activity provides them with the opportunity to practice comprehensive education at universities, including inclusive education, which corresponds to current worldwide trends.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.801-808
Onion and garlic induction of severe allergic reactions: sparse reporting cases
Authors: Gul Somia , Hussain Saba Javed 
Published: June 2021

Background: Allergic conditions strides by food sensitization and has lousy impact on the immune system of individuals and has also provokes IgE antibody that spearhead the activation of inflammatory mechanism. The aim of this current research is to evaluate the effect and the preponderance rate of symptoms appearance in garlic and onion allergies.
Methodology: The cross sectional study was conducted among general population (N=200) of Karachi from January 2017 to October 2017.
Result: Through current study it is revealed that only 50 out of 200 personals showed significant results. Diverse type of symptoms used to appearance in individuals suffering with onion and garlic allergies and it is importantly notifying that some genetic correlation is supposed to exists in these individuals for transmit of these allergies.
Conclusion: Onion and garlic both are esoteric allergies, these allergies rate are increasing in our population and patients suffered from very annoying symptoms including some fatal conditions also. Genetic relation is another link of developing these allergies. Limited data has been reported yet but it should be further investigated to evaluate multiple other factors contributing to these allergies.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.871-877
Aggressive Recurrent Urachal Adenocarcinoma : A Case Report And Review Of The Literature
Authors: Abidin Zainal Adwin Zainal , Sultan Mohamed Arif Hameed , Hayati Firdaus , Zainuddin Zulkifli 
Published: June 2021

Recurrent urachal adenocarcinomas are rare. It is commonly associated with poor prognosis. A 51-year-old woman underwent a partial cystectomy for urachal cancer in 2014. She was well throughout follow-up with annual cystoscopies. She presented with a 1-month history of rapidly progressive suprapubic mass and hematuria. A contrasted computed tomography scan of the thorax, abdomen and pelvis showed a large mixed solid cystic tumour at the right lumbar region, suprapubic area and also at the pouch of Douglas. She refused surgical extirpation and now on chemotherapy. Urachal adenocarcinoma is rare, and resection is commonly advocated; usually, no standard adjuvant therapy is advocated. Recurrent cancers represent a management dilemma, and no standard follow-up protocols exist.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.911-913
Orthodontic management of compromised first permanent molars with bilateral posterior crossbite, severe crowding and impacted maxillary canines.
Authors: Alswairki Haytham Jamil , Alam Mohammad Khursheed 
Published: June 2021

Background: A unique clinical challenge presents when dealing with a compromised first permanent molars with bilateral posterior crossbite, severe crowding and impacted maxillary canines with skeletal class II base malocclusion patient.
Case presentation: 14-year-old female patient had dental Class II skeletally, complicated with increase overjet, badly destructed permanent mandibular 1st molars constricted maxillary arch. Extraction of 1st molars followed by expansion have been planned to relieve crowding. Extraction of 1st molars in this time (furcation of 3rd molars start to develop) help in replacement by 2nd molars. In the progression of treatment,
Conclusion: A well-balanced and esthetic occlusion by edge wise orthodontic treatment has been archived in this case.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.926-929
Treatment Modality of Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis with Surgery Alone or in Combination with Steroid
Authors: Shabnam Nilufar , Choudhury Md Iqbal Mahmud , Ahsan Tazin 
Published: June 2021

Background: Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis (IGM) is a rare chronic inflammatory disease. Diagnosis and treatment is still a challenge because of obscure etiology and rareness. Owing to wide spectrum of IGM it is difficult to standardize and optimize the treatment. The aim of our study was to evaluate the outcome of surgical excision or in combination with steroid in treating IGM.
Methodology: A randomized controlled clinical trial was done in BIRDEM (Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation of Diabetic, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorder) Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July’2008 to June’2018. Overall 82 patients met the inclusion criteria. We analyzed therapeutic modalities and compared the patients’ outcomes based on treatment.
Results: All patients underwent wide excision with clear margin under general anesthesia. Post operatively steroid was given in 41 patients. Duration of steroid therapy was 6 months after surgery. We have seen that recovery time was short in steroid group (Gr-II) average 167.07 days in compared without steroid (Gr l) average 253.28 days. Patients who underwent surgery only (GR-I) about 49.90% patients experienced recurrence (e.g. fistula formation and inflammatory mass etc.) On the other hand, 12.1% patients developed recurrences that were treated with steroid following surgery (Gr-II).
Conclusion: Surgery with steroid is more effective in treatment of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis than surgery alone.
Bioresearch Commu. 7(1): 924-926, 2021 (January)
Polyphenols profile and antioxidant capacity of selected medicinal plants of Bangladesh
Authors: Shaheen Nazma , Tukun Avonti Basak , Islam Saiful , Akhter Kazi Turjaun , Hossen Md Sujan , Longvah Thingnganing 
Published: June 2021

Polyphenols in many plant foods have received a great deal of attention due to their biological potency and postulated protective role against certain non-communicable diseases like cancer, neurodegenerative disease, and cardiovascular disease. The current study focuses on 15 indigenous plants which are traditionally being used for medicinal and other purposes in Bangladesh. Specifically, this study aimed to determine the total phenolic content (TPC), profile the polyphenolic composition, and assess the antioxidant capacity (AC) of water and methanol extracts derived from these plants. The TPC was estimated using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, and DPPH inhibition was used to assess the AC. HPLC-centered simultaneous determination method of polyphenols was employed to identify and quantify individual polyphenolic compounds. TPC content (expressed as mg GAE/100 g FW) ranged from 15.5 (Zanthoxylum rhetsa) to 276.9 (Moringa oleifera). The lowest IC50 in the water and methanol extracts were shown by Moringa oleifera and Zanthoxylum rhetsa respectively and they also exhibited high free radical scavenging activity in the corresponding solvents (91.9% and 92.9% DPPH inhibition by Moringa oleifera and Zanthoxylum rhetsa respectively). The lowest DPPH inhibition was observed in Alternanthera philoxeroides (29.8%) and Spilanthes calva (24.5%) in the water and methanol extracts respectively. Ten polyphenols (coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, apigenin, apigenin-7-O-neohesperidoside, quercetin-3-β-D-glucoside, luteolin, quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, isorhamnetin and kaempferol) were initially identified and subsequently quantified in the plant extracts. Spilanthes calva, Moringa oleifera, Oxalis corniculata, and Piper retrofractum contained the highest amount of coumaric acid and chlorogenic acid, apigenin, caffeic acid and apigenin-7-O-neohesperidoside respectively. Senna tora had the greatest amount of kaempferol, quercetin-3-β-D-glucoside, and isorhamnetin whereas luteolin and quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside were observed to be the maximum in Alternanthera sessilis. To conclude, Moringa oleifera and Senna tora with high percentage of DPPH inhibition and low IC50 were the most potent antioxidant sources among the analyzed samples.
Bioresearch Commu. 7(1): 947-954, 2021 (January)
Detection of virulence genes of APEC (avian pathogenic Escherichia coli) isolated from poultry in Noakhali, Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Farzana Ehetasum , Islam Saiful , Islam Md Aminul , Islam Shariful , Ahmed Firoz 
Published: June 2021

Avian colibacillosis, caused by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), is one of the major infectious diseases of poultry that bring about great economic loss for the Bangladesh poultry industry. The present study aimed to determine the virulence genes of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) from cases of colibacillosis in poultry at the Noakhali district of Bangladesh. Currently, virulence-associated gene profiles of APEC isolates were investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A total of 24 (twenty-four) Escherichia coli isolates were collected and presumptively identified from 8 (eight) colibacillosis cases from 4 commercial broiler poultry farms (2 broilers per farm) in Noakhali, Bangladesh. The pathogenesis of Escherichia coli involves a wide range of different virulence genes. At this point, four virulence genes, iutA, hlyF, iroN, and iss were detected by PCR analysis. It has been observed that iutA, iss, hlyF, and iroN genes were found in 7(29.16%), 20(83.33%), 22(91.66%), and 24(100%) APEC isolates respectively. Furthermore, out of the twenty-four APEC isolates, six (25%) isolates had four virulence genes, fourteen (58.33%) isolates carried at least three virulence genes, three (12.5%) isolates carried two genes and one (4.16%) isolates had one virulence gene. Most importantly. six types of virulence gene profiles existed within the APEC isolates from which profile number 3 (hlyF, iroN, iss) having 13 (54.16%) isolates were predominant. The occurrence of APEC isolates of this region which is responsible for avian colibacillosis cases can be a matter of concern from the public health point of view. Future investigations will be able to utilize these virulence genes to identify APEC in Bangladesh helping in the diagnosis and prevention of colibacillosis in poultry.
Bioresearch Commu. 7(1): 967-972, 2021 (January)
Extraction and Proximate Study of Sansevieria Trifasciata L. As Fibre Source for Textile and Other Uses
Authors: Abdullah ABM , Abony Maruf , Islam MT , Hasan MS , Oyon MAK , Rahman Md Bokhtiar 
Published: June 2021

Natural fibres are getting importance for their sustainable development in their uses in mitigation of climate change and ecological balance. A fibre extraction retting method is formulated and proximate chemical composition and various physical properties such as tensile strength, elongation, diameter along with fibre, cellulose, lignin and ash content were determined. This preliminary observation indicates its potential to be used as a source of fibre for textile and non-textile uses such as woven, nonwoven, composite, blanded and a good source of α-cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, nano-cellulose and lignin-based products.
Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 46(2): 155-162, December 2020
Accessibility Analysis of Cyclone Shelters - A Case Study for Atulia Union, Satkhira, Bangladesh
Authors: Hayat Tanzim , Kamal ASM Maksud , Hossain Md Shakhawat , Zaman Saiyeba , Hossain BM Rabby , Chakraborty Tapas Ranjan 
Published: June 2021

Cyclone shelters are considered as a solution to reduce cyclone risk in coastal districts of Bangladesh. The location of a shelter plays a crucial part in a potential user’s decisionmaking process. If the perception is that the shelter is too far away, the user may decide not to use it. On the other hand, it would not be financially feasible to construct shelters near every settlement cluster. Therefore, network analysis using GIS has been applied to reveal the optimal location. Apart from distance, there are some other factors (like space, presence of gender segregated rooms and toilets, ramped access way, availability of drinking water, etc.), which affect a user’s affinity to evacuate to a specific shelter. All the shelters in Atulia Union from Satkhira District of Bangladesh were visited to identify these characteristics. Finally, an index was developed to determine the preference of each shelter to its potential users. It was found that there is inadequate number of shelters in the study area and two new shelter locations were recommended.
Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 46(2): 163-178, December 2020
Breeding biology of common kingfisher (Alcedo atthis, Linnaeus 1758)
Authors: Naher Habibon , Sarker Noor Jahan , Khan Shawkat Imam 
Published: June 2021

The breeding biology of the common kingfisher (Alcedo atthis) was studied from 2008 to 2011 in Dhaka North City Corporation and Savar Upazilla. The breeding season was April to September. It laid 3 to 7 glossy white, almost round eggs with a size of 2.5±0.3 cm length, 2.2±0.3 cm breadth, and 5.3±0.7g weight. It incubated for 16 to 21 days. During hatching, the hatchlings’ weight ranged from 8.5 to 10.5 g and total body length from 43.2 to 58.6 mm whereas, it was 30.1 to 32.7 g and 151 to 155.5 mm, respectively, during fledging. Hatching success was 83.3%. Stolen by people (13.9%) and infertility (2.8%) were the causes of egg loss. The young birds fledged out after 21 to 27 days of hatching. A total of 56.7% of nestlings were unable to fly due to stolen (43.3%), deaths due to unknown reasons (6.7%) and deaths due to natural disaster (6.7%). The breeding success was 36.1% in relation to eggs laid and 43.3% in relation to eggs hatched.
J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 47(1): 23-34, June 2021
City dwellers' perception of environmental hazards and risks in Dhaka city
Authors: Baser Shahadat , Rahman M Maksudur 
Published: June 2021

This paper examines the social perceptions against the existing overall environmental hazards and pollutions of different residential areas of Dhaka Metropolitan area. The empirical data have been collected through a semi-structured questionnaire from 180 households. The findings reveal that more than 60% of people in residential areas are at high risk for environmental hazards due to the vast population density and unplanned high-rise buildings. Furthermore, on average, more than 53% of respondents have uttered various pollutions emphatically air, dust and noise pollution which are now common environmental phenomena of residential areas for unruly behaviors of dwellers and mismanagement of respective authorities. Moreover, the lack of open space is a burning question for the city dwellers, which causes a ventilation crisis through accelerating indoor pollution claimed by 95% of slum dwellers. After all, slum dwellers are more deprived of overall urban facilities, and abiding in unhygienic conditions made them more prone to fire hazards and severe health disorders. So, the study suggests that policymakers and city corporation authorities should be more concerned and taken proper initiatives to eradicate multifaceted issues to fabricate a sustainable environment for city dwellers.
J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 47(1): 47-65, June 2021
Glycated Hemoglobin and short-term Prognosis in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome with Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Faruq Fysal , Ahsan Syed Ali , Mahmood Manzoor , Mandal MRM , Siddiki Kamruzzaman , Mostofa ABM Golam , Islam Md Azharul , Akand AKM Imtiaz , Saha Sujoy Kumar , Parvin Tanjima 
Published: June 2021

Background: Data on the association between glycemic control after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and clinical outcomes are limited and controversial in diabetic patients. Objective:The aim of the study was to assess the impact of good glycaemic control on three months clinical outcomes in diabetic acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients undergoing PCI, from a Bangladesh health service perspective. Materials and methods:This prospective cohort study which was conducted in UCC, BSMMU included 346 consecutive diabetic ACS patients who underwent PCI at department of cardiology, BSMMU. Diabetic patients were categorized into two groups based on their 3 months HbA1c levels: 169 (48.84%) diabetics with good glycaemic control (HbA1c < 7%) and 177 (51.16%) diabetics with poor glycaemic control (HbA1c ≥7%).The outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), defined as cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI), definite stent thrombosis, target vessel revascularization and stroke. Results: At 3 months follow up, patients with poor glycaemic control had a significantly higher incidence of MI (6.2% vs 1.2%; p=0.021). No other adverse events were found significantly different between the groups at 3 months of PCI. Conclusion:Good glycaemic control to obtain HbA1c level <7% in diabetic ACS patients undergoing coronary artery stenting may be beneficial in reducing the risk of MACEs and improvement of clinical outcome after PCI during 3 months follow up.
University Heart Journal Vol. 17, No. 2, Jul 2021; 108-113