bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A non-linear ensemble model-based surgical risk calculator for mixed data from multiple surgical fields
Authors: Liu Ruoyu , Lai Xin , Wang Jiayin , Zhang Xuanping , Zhu Xiaoyan , Lai Paul B. S. , Guo Ci-ren 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
The misestimation of surgical risk is a serious threat to the lives of patients when implementing surgical risk calculator. Improving the accuracy of postoperative risk prediction has received much attention and many methods have been proposed to cope with this problem in the past decades. However, those linear approaches are inable to capture the non-linear interactions between risk factors, which have been proved to play an important role in the complex physiology of the human body, and thus may attenuate the performance of surgical risk calculators.

Methods
In this paper, we presented a new surgical risk calculator based on a non-linear ensemble algorithm named Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT) model, and explored the corresponding pipeline to support it. In order to improve the practicability of our approach, we designed three different modes to deal with different data situations. Meanwhile, considering that one of the obstacles to clinical acceptance of surgical risk calculators was that the model was too complex to be used in practice, we reduced the number of input risk factors according to the importance of them in GBDT. In addition, we also built some baseline models and similar models to compare with our approach.

Results
The data we used was three-year clinical data from Surgical Outcome Monitoring and Improvement Program (SOMIP) launched by the Hospital Authority of Hong Kong. In all experiments our approach shows excellent performance, among which the best result of area under curve (AUC), Hosmer–Lemeshow test ($${{\mathrm{HL}}}_{\hat{c}}$$

HL

c
^

) and brier score (BS) can reach 0.902, 7.398 and 0.047 respectively. After feature reduction, the best result of AUC, $${\mathrm{HL}}_{\hat{c}}$$

HL

c
^

and BS of our approach can still be maintained at 0.894, 7.638 and 0.060, respectively. In addition, we also performed multiple groups of comparative experiments. The results show that our approach has a stable advantage in each evaluation indicator.

Conclusions
The experimental results demonstrate that NL-SRC can not only improve the accuracy of predicting the surgical risk of patients, but also effectively capture important risk factors and their interactions. Meanwhile, it also has excellent performance on the mixed data from multiple surgical fields.
The impact of fluid status and decremental PEEP strategy on cardiac function and lung and kidney damage in mild-moderate experimental acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Rocha Nazareth N. , Samary Cynthia S. , Antunes Mariana A. , Oliveira Milena V. , Hemerly Matheus R. , Santos Patrine S. , Capelozzi Vera L. , Cruz Fernanda F. , Marini John J. , Silva Pedro L. , Pelosi Paolo , Rocco Patricia R. M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
We evaluated the effects of abrupt versus gradual PEEP decrease, combined with standard versus high-volume fluid administration, on cardiac function, as well as lung and kidney damage in an established model of mild-moderate acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Methods
Wistar rats received endotoxin intratracheally. After 24 h, they were treated with Ringer’s lactate at standard (10 mL/kg/h) or high (30 mL/kg/h) dose. For 30 min, all animals were mechanically ventilated with tidal volume = 6 mL/kg and PEEP = 9 cmH2O (to keep alveoli open), then randomized to undergo abrupt or gradual (0.2 cmH2O/min for 30 min) PEEP decrease from 9 to 3 cmH2O. Animals were then further ventilated for 10 min at PEEP = 3 cmH2O, euthanized, and their lungs and kidneys removed for molecular biology analysis.

Results
At the end of the experiment, left and right ventricular end-diastolic areas were greater in animals treated with high compared to standard fluid administration, regardless of PEEP decrease rate. However, pulmonary arterial pressure, indicated by the pulmonary acceleration time (PAT)/pulmonary ejection time (PET) ratio, was higher in abrupt compared to gradual PEEP decrease, independent of fluid status. Animals treated with high fluids and abrupt PEEP decrease exhibited greater diffuse alveolar damage and higher expression of interleukin-6 (a pro-inflammatory marker) and vascular endothelial growth factor (a marker of endothelial cell damage) compared to the other groups. The combination of standard fluid administration and gradual PEEP decrease increased zonula occludens-1 expression, suggesting epithelial cell preservation. Expression of club cell-16 protein, an alveolar epithelial cell damage marker, was higher in abrupt compared to gradual PEEP decrease groups, regardless of fluid status. Acute kidney injury score and gene expression of kidney injury molecule-1 were higher in the high versus standard fluid administration groups, regardless of PEEP decrease rate.

Conclusion
In the ARDS model used herein, decreasing PEEP abruptly increased pulmonary arterial hypertension, independent of fluid status. The combination of abrupt PEEP decrease and high fluid administration led to greater lung and kidney damage. This information adds to the growing body of evidence that supports gradual transitioning of ventilatory patterns and warrants directing additional investigative effort into vascular and deflation issues that impact lung protection.
Titanium dioxide particles from the diet: involvement in the genesis of inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer
Authors: Barreau Frédérick , Tisseyre Céline , Ménard Sandrine , Ferrand Audrey , Carriere Marie 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe gastrointestinal tract is a complex interface between the external environment and the immune system. Its ability to control uptake across the mucosa and to protect the body from damage of harmful substances from the lumen is defined as the intestinal barrier function (IBF). The IBF involves four elements: the intestinal microbiota, the mucus layer, the epithelium and the immune system. Its dysfunction is linked with human diseases including inflammatory, metabolic, infectious, autoimmune and neurologic disorders. Most of these diseases are complex and involve genetic, psychological and environmental factors. Over the past 10 years, many genetic polymorphisms predisposing to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have been identified. Yet, it is now clear that they are insufficient to explain the onset of these chronic diseases. Although it has been evidenced that some environmental factors such as cigarette smoking or carbohydrate intake are associated with IBD, other environmental factors also present potential health risks such as ingestion of food additives introduced in the human diet, including those composed of mineral particles, by altering the four elements of the intestinal barrier function. The aim of this review is to provide a critical opinion on the potential of TiO2particles, especially when used as a food additive, to alter the four elements of the intestinal barrier function, and consequently to evaluate if this additive would likely play a role in the development and/or exacerbation of IBD.
Circ_0025908 regulates cell vitality and proliferation via miR-137/HIPK2 axis of rheumatic arthritis
Authors: Wang Xiaofeng , Zhang Zhiwen , Liang Haofeng , Chen Ruixiong , Huang Yuliang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Rheumatic arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with bad effects. Recent researches have shown that circular RNAs (circRNAs) could affect the progress of RA, but the mechanism still indistinct. In this work, we explored the roles of circ_0025908 in RA.

Methods
The levels of circ_0025908, microRNA-137 (miR-137), and mRNA of homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2) were detected by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in RA tissues. Meanwhile, the level of HIPK2 was quantified by Western blot analysis. Besides, the cell functions were examined by CCK8 assay, EdU assay, flow cytometry assay, ELISA, and Western blot. Furthermore, the interplay between miR-137 and circ_0025908 or HIPK2 was detected by dual-luciferase reporter assay.

Results
The levels of circ_0025908 and HIPK2 were upregulated, and the miR-137 level was decreased in RA tissues in contrast to that in normal tissues. For functional analysis, circ_0025908 deficiency inhibited cell vitality, cell mitotic cycle, cell proliferation, and immunoreaction in RA cells, whereas promoted cell apoptosis. Moreover, miR-137 was confirmed to repress the progression of RA cells by suppressing HIPK2. In mechanism, circ_0025908 acted as a miR-137 sponge to regulate the level of HIPK2.

Conclusion
Circ_0025908 facilitates the development of RA through increasing HIPK2 expression by regulating miR-137, which also offered an underlying targeted therapy for RA treatment.
Mature B cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia with KMT2A-MLLT3 transcripts in children: three case reports and literature reviews
Authors: Cui Yinghui , Zhou Min , Zou Pinli , Liao Xin , Xiao Jianwen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Mature B cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (BAL) is characterised by French–American–British (FAB)-L3 morphology and the presence of surface immunoglobulin (sIgM) light chain restriction. BAL is also considered as the leukaemic phase of Burkitt lymphoma (BL), in which t (8; 14) (q24; q32) or its variants are related to the myelocytomatosis oncogene (MYC) rearrangement (MYCr) is usually present. However, BAL with lysine methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A, previously called Mixed lineage leukaemia, MLL) gene rearrangement (KMT2Ar, previously called MLLr) is rare.

Results
Three BAL patients with KMT2Ar were enrolled between January 2017 and November 2019, accounting for 1.37% of the B-ALL population in our hospital. We also reviewed 24 previously reported cases of BAL and KMT2Ar and analysed the features, treatment, and prognosis. Total 13 males and 14 females were enrolled in our research, and the average age at diagnosis was 19.5 ± 4.95 months old. In these 27 patients, renal, central nervous system (CNS) and skin involvement were existent in 6, 4 and 3 patients, respectively; 26 patients (26/27) showed non-ALL-L3 morphology, while one patient is ALL-L3; overexpression of CD19 was detected in most cases, negative or suspicious expression of CD20 was found in 64% of patients. KMT2Ar was reported, but MYCr was not observed. 25 patients (25/27) achieved complete remission after chemotherapy or Stem cell transplantation. The patients were sensitive to chemotherapy, prospective event-free survival (pEFS) of BAL patients with KMT2Ar who received allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) was higher than that in patients who received chemotherapy alone (83.33% vs 41.91%).

Conclusion
BAL patients with KMT2Ar had unique manifestations, including younger age at diagnosis and overexpression of CD19; expression of CD20 was rare, and MYCr was undetectable. The pEFS was higher in patients undergoing allo-HSCT than in patients undergoing chemotherapy alone.
Molecular features and vulnerabilities of recurrent chordomas
Authors: Seeling Carolin , Lechel André , Svinarenko Michael , Möller Peter , Barth Thomas F. E. , Mellert Kevin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Tumor recurrence is one of the major challenges in clinical management of chordoma. Despite R0-resection, approximately 50% of chordomas recur within ten years after initial surgery. The underlying molecular processes are poorly understood resulting in the lack of associated therapeutic options. This is not least due to the absence of appropriate cell culture models of this orphan disease.

Methods
The intra-personal progression model cell lines U-CH11 and U-CH11R were compared using array comparative genomic hybridization, expression arrays, RNA-seq, and immunocytochemistry. Cell line origin was confirmed by short tandem repeat analysis. Inter-personal cell culture models (n = 6) were examined to validate whether the new model is representative. Cell viability after HOX/PBX complex inhibition with small peptides was determined by MTS assays.

Results
Using whole genome microarray analyses, striking differences in gene expression between primary and recurrent chordomas were identified. These expression differences were confirmed in the world’s first intra-personal model of chordoma relapse consisting of cell lines established from a primary (U-CH11) and the corresponding recurrent tumor (U-CH11R). Array comparative genomic hybridization and RNA-sequencing analyses revealed profound genetic similarities between both cell lines pointing to transcriptomic reprogramming as a key mechanism of chordoma progression. Network analysis of the recurrence specific genes highlighted HOX/PBX signaling as a common dysregulated event. Hence, HOX/PBX complexes were used as so far unknown therapeutic targets in recurrent chordomas. Treating chordoma cell lines with the complex formation inhibiting peptide HXR9 induced cFOS mediated apoptosis in all chordoma cell lines tested. This effect was significantly stronger in cell lines established from chordoma relapses.

Conclusion
Clearly differing gene expression patterns and vulnerabilities to HOX/PBX complex inhibition in highly therapy resistant chordoma relapses were identified using the first intra-personal loco-regional and further inter-personal chordoma progression models. For the first time, HOX/PBX interference was used to induce cell death in chordoma and might serve as the basic concept of an upcoming targeted therapy for chordomas of all progression stages.
Fitness for all: how do non-disabled people respond to inclusive fitness centres?
Authors: Nikolajsen Helene , Richardson Emma Victoria , Sandal Louise Fleng , Juul-Kristensen Birgit , Troelsen Jens 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Representation of people with disabilities in fitness centres is lacking, despite initiatives to promote inclusion mainly in the UK and USA. Success creating these inclusive spaces is mixed and few were crafted taking into account attitudes and biases of non-disabled co-members. Inclusive fitness centres have not gained much attention in Denmark, and the campaign ‘Fitness for All - fitness for people with physical disabilities’ was initiated. The aim of this study was shaped by two key questions; 1) what is the ideal fitness space from the perception of non-disabled fitness users? and 2) how might their dis/ableist attitudes negate inclusion in three future pilot inclusive fitness centres across Denmark?

Method
Three focus groups involving 5–7 (total n = 18) adult non-disabled participants were conducted. Aged ranged between 19 and 75 years, both men and women were involved, with fitness centre experiences ranging from 0 to 20+ years. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using Malterud’s four-step method of systematic text condensation.

Results
Of most importance was a pleasant atmosphere which should make them feel welcome and comfortable. Good social relations within the space were also highly valued. Participants welcomed people with physical disabilities but predicted many challenges with an inclusive fitness centre and expressed unconscious ableist attitudes.

Conclusion
The current study adds essential knowledge regarding how non-disabled people perceive the ideal inclusive fitness centre. A welcoming and inviting atmosphere is essential whereas social skills, ableism, ignorance, and preconceptions are important barriers that may hinder inclusion of participants with disabilities in inclusive fitness centres.
Primary ectopic axillary breast cancer: a case series
Authors: Sghaier S. , GHalleb M. , Marghli I. , Bouida A. , Ben Hassouna J. , Chargui R. , Rahal K. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionEctopic breast tissue is present in 2–6% of women. Ectopic breast cancer represents an uncommon disease accounting for about 0.3% of all breast neoplasms, limiting the available evidence. Thus, we aim to report long-term outcomes in five cases treated at our institution.Case seriesOur Tunisian patients’ median age was 48 years (33–60 years), and the median follow-up was 8 years (4–10 years). The ectopic breast tissue was located four times in the right axilla. The median tumor size was 25 mm (15–55 mm). Four of the patients underwent a wide local excision and axillary lymph node dissection. Three of those women had positive lymph nodes; thus, they received adjuvant chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormone therapy. The patient with a negative lymph node (case 5) had adjuvant radiation therapy and hormonal therapy. One of the patients (case 1) had a positive supraclavicular lymph node and received radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and hormonal therapy. The latter developed a locoregional relapse after 4 years and was treated with mastectomy and chemotherapy. One patient (case 4) had a distant metastasis after 2 years of follow-up and received chemotherapy. The three other patients were free of relapse during their follow-up period.ConclusionPrimary axillary breast carcinoma is a rare entity. Despite the paucity of literature, our findings and authors’ recommendations suggest that local excision can be performed safely with promising outcomes in this subset of patients.
TRIM28 inhibits alternative lengthening of telomere phenotypes by protecting SETDB1 from degradation
Authors: Wang Chuanle , Songyang Zhou , Huang Yan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
About 10–15% of tumor cells extend telomeres through the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) mechanism, which is a recombination-dependent replication pathway. It is generally believed that ALT cells are related to the chromatin modification of telomeres. However, the mechanism of ALT needs to be further explored.

Results
Here we found that TRIM28/KAP1 is preferentially located on the telomeres of ALT cells and interacts with telomeric shelterin/telosome complex. Knocking down TRIM28 in ALT cells delayed cell growth, decreased the level of C-circle which is one kind of extrachromosomal circular telomeric DNA, increased the frequency of ALT-associated promyelocytic leukemia bodies (APBs), led to telomere prolongation and increased the telomere sister chromatid exchange in ALT cells. Mechanistically, TRIM28 protects telomere histone methyltransferase SETDB1 from degradation, thus maintaining the H3K9me3 heterochromatin state of telomere DNA.

Conclusions
Our work provides a model that TRIM28 inhibits alternative lengthening of telomere phenotypes by protecting SETDB1 from degradation. In general, our results reveal the mechanism of telomere heterochromatin maintenance and its effect on ALT, and TRIM28 may serve as a target for the treatment of ALT tumor cells.
Computer simulation algorithm of gymnastics formation change path based on wireless sensor
Authors: Chen Bingxin , Kuang Lifei , He Wei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractToday with the rapid development of the information age, the exchange of science and technology has brought closer the closeness of countries, and our country has also begun to conduct in-depth research on WSN. This research mainly discusses the computer simulation algorithm of gymnastics formation change path based on wireless sensor. In this research, an improved Leader-Follower method is designed. In the research of gymnastics formation transformation of mobile nodes in the wireless sensor network environment, the traditional three types of nodes are divided into four categories according to the different formation responsibilities, namely, coordinator, beacon node, master mobile node (Leader), slave mobile node (Follower). After it accurately locates itself with the help of the information of the beacon node, the information should be sent out in the form of broadcast, and the coordinator sends the information to the host computer through the serial port for tracking display. In order to enable the mobile nodes in the network to keep the current gymnastic formation moving toward the target point after completing the gymnastic formation transformation, this paper uses the l-φ closed-loop control method to modify the gymnastic formation in real time. The method based on the received signal strength is selected to realize the positioning of the beacon node to the mobile node, and combined with the positioning engine in the core processor CC2431 of the mobile node, efficient and low-energy wireless positioning can be realized. Multiple mobile nodes coordinate with each other to control communication between each node in a wireless manner, and sense their own heading angle information through geomagnetic sensors, so as to make judgments and adjustments on the maintenance and transformation of the current gymnastics formation. During the formation change, after analysis, it is concluded that the maximum offset of Follower2 from the ideal path in the process of traveling to the desired position in the triangular queue is + 0.28 m. This research effectively realized the computer simulation of autonomous formation.
Obstructive sleep apnea increases the risk of cardiovascular damage: a systematic review and meta-analysis of imaging studies
Authors: Lu Mi , Wang Zhenjia , Zhan Xiaojun , Wei Yongxiang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and cardiac as well as coronary impairment evaluated using imaging modalities. Finding of this study will provide more robust evidence regarding OSA-induced cardiovascular damage.MethodsWe systematically searched through PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library databases for relevant literatures on the association between OSA and cardiovascular damage evaluated using imaging modalities, and manually searched the references of selected articles for additional relevant articles. For each clinical parameter relevant to the meta-analysis, we first evaluated the methodological heterogeneity of the relevant studies and thereafter pooled the data together using fixed effect or random effect model. The difference in the relevant indices of cardiovascular damage between OSA patients and controls was evaluated using the standardized mean difference.ResultsOf the 82 articles included in the final systematic analysis, 20 studies explored the association between OSA and coronary atherosclerosis. OSA patients had higher rate of coronary atherosclerosis assessed by coronary artery calcification score and plaque volume. Moreover, the severity of OSA and coronary atherosclerosis displayed a positive correlation. The rest of the studies (n = 62) evaluated cardiac alterations in OSA patients. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 46 studies yielding 3082 OSA patients and 1774 controls were pooled for the meta-analysis. For left cardiac structure and function, OSA patients exhibited significantly wider left atrial diameter; higher left atrium volume index; wider left ventricular end-systolic diameter, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, and left ventricular mass; higher left ventricular mass index; wider interventricular septum diameter and posterior wall diameter; and higher left ventricular myocardial performance index (allp < 0.05). In addition, compared with controls, left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly decreased in OSA patients (p = 0.001). For right cardiac structure and function, OSA patients displayed a significant increase in right ventricular diameter and right ventricular myocardial performance index (bothp < 0.001). Finally, compared with controls, OSA patients displayed significant decrease in tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion and RV fractional area change (p = 0.001).ConclusionOverall, this systematic review and meta-analysis provides imaging evidence in support that OSA patients are at a higher risk of developing coronary atherosclerosis and display cardiac remodeling and dysfunction.