bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of self-medication and its associated factors among students of an engineering college in Chennai
Authors: Chakravarthy Sushil A. , Maiya G. Rakesh 
Published: April 2021

Context:
Self-medication in healthcare is becoming an increasingly important area. However, risks such as misdiagnosis, inappropriate drug dosage, extended time of use, drug interactions and polypharmacy are also associated with it.

Aims:
The present cross-sectional study aims to study the prevalence of self-medication and its associated factors among engineering students.

Setting and Design:
The present cross-sectional study was conducted in an engineering college in Chennai.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 199 participants were studied. A pretested semi-structured questionnaire including general information and specific questions regarding the prevalence of self-medication and its associated factors was given to the study participants and were instructed to fill them.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Data were recorded and analysed in the excel spreadsheet using SPSS software version 16 and Chi-square test was used to perform interferential statistical analysis.

Results:
199 engineering students were studied, ranging from 1st year to 4th year between the age group of 17–25 years. From the data collected, 154 (77.4%) participants said they had been on self-medications before and 45 (22.6%) participants said they have never been on self-medication.

Conclusions:
From this study we come to a conclusion that the prevalence of self-medication among the engineering students in sub-urban Chennai is high that is 77.4%. The parameters frequently linked with self-medication are the type of illness and the easy access to drugs. Since self-medication is at an alarming rate, the need of the hour is to educate the youth to ensure healthy practice.
Prevalence of tuberculosis and diabetes comorbidity in patients attending secondary healthcare hospital in south India
Authors: Ragouraman Dillieswary , Priyadharsini Raman P. , C Venkatesh 
Published: April 2021

Background and Objectives:
Tuberculosis, a communicable disease and diabetes, a non-communicable disease together has a bidirectional relationship toward each other withsignificant morbidity and delayed treatment outcome. Therefore, there is a need to identify the prevalence of both these diseases in a community. A retrospective study was planned to identify the prevalence of both diseases among the patients attending secondary hospitals for 3 years.

Methods:
The study was conducted in the chest diseases department in a secondary care hospital after obtaining approval from the institute ethics committee and RNTCP. The retrospective data in the hospital register was used to identify various parameters. The data for basic demographic characteristics, number of new cases, previously treated cases, pulmonary/extrapulmonary cases, drug resistance cases, and DM/TB cases were entered in Microsoft excel and were analyzed.

Results:
The prevalence of TB among the patients attending the chest diseases department was 2.9%, 2.5%, and 3% for the years 2016, 2017, and 2018, respectively. The prevalence of DM/TB ranged between 8.5–11%, which is a lesser range when compared with many other studies.

Interpretations and Conclusion:
There was no significant difference in the prevalence between the years. The screening of one disease in the presence of the other can reduce the prevalence and improve the prognosis.
A study to assess the socio-demographic factor and knowledge, attitude, and practice of family planning methods in Lohpeeta migrants tribe located in Shivpuri central India
Authors: Ahirwar Rajesh K. , Kumar Sanjeev , Gupta Shubhanshu , Niranjan Anjana , Prajapati Kshatrapal , Rawal Shailendra 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Even though India was the first country in the whole world to introduce the national family planning policy, the acceptance rate of contraceptive methods has been unsatisfactory to date. Many women in their fertility period, who were ready to control their fertility and limit the number of unwanted children, were not aware of different methods of contraceptives available and their proper use and other benefits.

Aim and Objective:
1. To assess the socio-demographic status of the study participants. 2. To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of contraceptive methods in Lohpeeta mobile tribe located in Shivpuri, central India.

Methods:
The present study was an observational cross-sectional survey conducted from 1st December 2019 to 28th February 2020 in Lohpeeta mobile tribe located in Shivpuri local; nonrandom convenience sampling method was used after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, so the total sample size was 209. Data were collected by a principal investigator with a predesigned, pretested, questionnaire by conducting face-to-face interview with the participants. Firstly, the data was administered in an excel sheet then it was analyzed and presented in the form of percentage, and a Chi-square test was applied to assess the level of significance.

Result:
The most common age group of participants was 18–30 year (37.3%) and most were married (97.6%); we found that the knowledge and attitude toward contraceptives of participants was very poor, most 185 (88.5%) of the participants had never used any contraceptive method and only a few participants were using it occasionally, and none of the participants were using any contraceptive methods regularly.

Conclusion:
The knowledge, attitude, and compliance towards contraceptives were poor in this group, we need to focus on this type of migrant population to increase their awareness and change their attitude towards contraceptives, so that they can use it without any fear.
Knowledge, attitudes and behaviour towards oral hygiene of transgenders in Bhubaneswar during COVID-19
Authors: Kumar Gunjan , Sethi Alok K. , Bagchi Anandamoy , Rai Shilpa , Tamilselvan Prathisha 
Published: April 2021

Introduction:
Reducing harmful oral hygiene practices can minimize the negative impacts of periodontal diseases. Transgenders are among the most vulnerable groups. Knowledge of their oral hygiene awareness, attitude and behaviour shall help in improving their oral health and also in planning oral health strategies specific to this group.

Aim:
To explore the oral hygiene-related knowledge, attitude and practices of transgenders residing in the Bhubaneswar during COVID-19.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among the transgenders residing in Bhubaneswar using a self-structured questionnaire containing questions on knowledge, attitude and practices related to oral hygiene. Mann–Whitney U test was applied to find any significant differences between different variables in groups.

Results:
A total of 205 transgenders participated in the study. Around 43.9% of the transgenders in rural areas felt they had bad breath and there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Majority of the participants in the rural areas did not know how to describe the health of their teeth and gums while 43% of the participants in the urban areas felt their oral health was good. There was statistically significant difference between the two groups in the type of material used for cleaning teeth [p = 0.020]. There was statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of brushing their teeth everyday [p = 0.005, duration of brushing [p = 0.052], tools used for cleaning teeth [p = 0.023] and method employed to control mouth odour.

Conclusion:
The information presented in this study adds onto our understanding of the oral hygiene related behaviour among the transgenders.
Awareness of diabetic retinopathy among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Qassim, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alswaina Nayef F. 
Published: April 2021

Introduction:
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a well-known complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and a major cause of vision loss. Increased awareness of DR is crucial for the prevention and early diagnosis of the disease and preservation of vision. The objective of this study is to assess the level of DR awareness in the Qassim region among type 2 diabetic patients.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients who visited diabetic clinics between January and March 2019 in the Qassim region, Saudi Arabia. This study used structured questionnaires to assess awareness and knowledge of DR. The patients were considered to have a good level of DR awareness if they answered more than 60% of the questions correctly.

Results:
A total of 307 patients with type 2 DM, 201 males (65.5%) and 106 females (34.5%), participated in the current study. The results revealed that 63.5% of the participating patients involved in this study had good knowledge about DR; 86% of the patients had knowledge about the correlation between retinopathy and DM, and 89.9% believed that DR can be prevented by good control of diabetes.

Conclusion:
The study showed that about two-thirds of the participants were aware of DR, and most of them had knowledge about the relationship between retinopathy and DM. Younger patients and the group with a higher level of education were found to be more aware of DR. Awareness of DR should be correlated with behavioral practices to improve a patient's compliance in attending annual eye examinations.
Sensitivity towards patient's presence to avoid violent situations in hospitals
Authors: Lakshmikantha Nandini , Nayak B Shivananda , Kashinkunti Mohan , Javali Shivalingappa B. , Mukherjee Sananda 
Published: April 2021

Context:
The process of communication includes intense observation based on which opinions are formed or situations are created. A patient whose is in state of panic due to the health conditions feels neglected and becomes skeptical about the treatment hi/she is going to receive.

Aims:
The aim of the study is to understand the need for being sensitive towards patient's presence while communicating.

Settings and Design:
It was conducted in the outpatient wing of clinics at three different cities of Karnataka using a Sequential Observatory Study design.

Materials and Methods:
Based on the results obtained from the pilot study a final schedule was prepared and sent to people using google drive during the month of Dec 2019. Out of 200 filled forms only 55 patients/relatives were qualified for analysis. SPSS version 17.0 software, Microsoft word and Excel were used in data handling and analysis. Textual analysis was used for presenting interview data.

Results:
The qualitative analysis of the questionnaires found four emerging themes that disturbed the patients psychologically and such situations could lead to violence. The results prove that patients/relatives observe both verbal and nonverbal communication in the hospital from the time of their entry to exit.

Conclusion:
The communication intended or unintended made some impact on the perceptions of the patients about the way they are going to be treated. This indicates that the workforce should be conscious of their behaviour.
Dönemsel Anomalilerin Borsa İstanbul’da İşlem Gören Mevduat Bankaları Hisse Değerlerinde Test Edilmesi
Authors: KESKIN Meltem , YUCEL Ahmet 
Published: April 2021

Bankalar, finansal piyasaların en temel aracı kurumların başında gelir ve fon arz edenlerle fon talep edenlerin karşılaştırır. Yatırımcıdan borç para kullanma ihtiyacı olanlara doğru fonların etkin bir biçimde aktarılmasını sağlar. Böylece finansal sistemin etkinliği artarak fon fazlası ve fon talebi uygun fiyatlarla karşılaşma olanağı bulur. Ancak, finansal piyasalarda işlem yapan katılımcılar, bazı dönemlerde genel kabul görmüş etkin piyasa teorileri ile örtüşmeyen, sıra dışı gerçeklikler yaşayabilmektedirler. Genel kabul gören ilkelere aykırı olarak piyasalarda oluşan bu durumlar finansal anomali olarak adlandırılabilir. Çalışmanın amacı; Borsa İstanbul’daki (BIST) olası dönemsel anomalilerin ampirik olarak incelenmesidir. Bu çerçevede BIST 100’de işlem gören dokuz adet mevduat bankasına ait hisse değeri hareketleri, 2015 - 2019 arası dönemi ve 2020 yılını kapsayacak şekilde, karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda; 2020 yılının on ayını etkisi altına alan Covid-19 salgın döneminde mevduat bankalarına ait hisse değeri hareketleri ile 2015 - 2019 arası döneme ait hisse değeri hareketleri arasında belirgin bir fark gözlemlenmiştir. Bu durum mevduat bankalarının hisse değeri hareketlerinde dönemsel anomali etkisini açık şekilde ortaya koymaktadır.
Herramientas para la docencia de control digital en grados de ingeniería
Authors: Lerma E. , Costa-Castelló R. , Griñó R. , Sanchis C. 
Published: April 2021

<p>En este trabajo se describen un conjunto de materiales pedagógicos que han sido desarrollados para dar soporte a la docencia del control digital. En particular, se presentan un conjunto de herramientas interactivas y el proyecto Duino-Based Learning (DBL) pensado para desarrollar prácticas experimentales de control digital utilizando Arduino. Además, se describe el contenido de un curso de control digital, que se imparte en el marco de una titulación de ingeniería industrial, y como se utilizan las diferentes herramientas desarrolladas en su docencia.</p>
Applying machine learning methods to detect convection using Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-16 (GOES-16) advanced baseline imager (ABI) data
Authors: Lee Yoonjin , Kummerow Christian D. , Ebert-Uphoff Imme 
Published: April 2021

Abstract. An ability to accurately detect convective regions is
essential for initializing models for short-term precipitation forecasts.
Radar data are commonly used to detect convection, but radars that provide
high-temporal-resolution data are mostly available over land, and the quality
of the data tends to degrade over mountainous regions. On the other hand,
geostationary satellite data are available nearly anywhere and in near-real
time. Current operational geostationary satellites, the Geostationary
Operational Environmental Satellite-16 (GOES-16) and Satellite-17, provide high-spatial- and high-temporal-resolution data but only of cloud top properties; 1 min data, however, allow us to observe convection from visible and
infrared data even without vertical information of the convective system.
Existing detection algorithms using visible and infrared data look for
static features of convective clouds such as overshooting top or lumpy cloud
top surface or cloud growth that occurs over periods of 30 min to an
hour. This study represents a proof of concept that artificial intelligence
(AI) is able, when given high-spatial- and high-temporal-resolution data from
GOES-16, to learn physical properties of convective clouds and automate the
detection process. A neural network model with convolutional layers is proposed to identify
convection from the high-temporal resolution GOES-16 data. The model takes
five temporal images from channel 2 (0.65 µm) and 14 (11.2 µm) as
inputs and produces a map of convective regions. In order to provide
products comparable to the radar products, it is trained against Multi-Radar
Multi-Sensor (MRMS), which is a radar-based product that uses a rather
sophisticated method to classify precipitation types. Two channels from
GOES-16, each related to cloud optical depth (channel 2) and cloud top
height (channel 14), are expected to best represent features of convective
clouds: high reflectance, lumpy cloud top surface, and low cloud top
temperature. The model has correctly learned those features of convective
clouds and resulted in a reasonably low false alarm ratio (FAR) and high
probability of detection (POD). However, FAR and POD can vary depending on
the threshold, and a proper threshold needs to be chosen based on the
purpose.
“Thanks for helping me find my enthusiasm for physics”: the lasting impacts “research in schools” projects can have on students, teachers, and schools
Authors: Archer Martin O. , DeWitt Jennifer 
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Using 6 years of evaluation data, we assess the medium- and long-term
impacts upon a diverse range of students, teachers, and schools from
participating in a programme of protracted university-mentored projects
based on cutting-edge space science, astronomy, and particle physics research. After having completed their 6-month-long projects, the 14–18-year-old school students report having substantially increased in confidence relating to relevant scientific topics and methods as
well as having developed numerous skills, outcomes which are corroborated
by teachers. There is evidence that the projects helped increase students'
aspirations towards physics, whereas science aspirations (generally
high to begin with) were typically maintained or confirmed through
their involvement. Longitudinal evaluation 3 years later has revealed
that these projects have been lasting experiences for students which
they have benefited from and drawn upon in their subsequent university education. Data on students' destinations suggest that their involvement in research projects has made them more likely to undertake physics
and STEM degrees than would otherwise be expected. Cases of co-created
novel physics research resulting from Physics Research in School Environments (PRiSE) has also seemed to have a powerful effect, not only on the student co-authors, but also participating students from other schools. Teachers have also been positively
affected through participating, with the programme having influenced
their own knowledge, skills, and pedagogy, as well as having advantageous
effects felt across their wider schools. These impacts suggest that
similar “research in schools” initiatives may have a role to play
in aiding the increased uptake and diversity of physics and/or STEM
in higher education as well as meaningfully enhancing the STEM environment
within schools.
TODA DANZA VALE
Authors: Abufhele Meza Paulina , Diaz Santiago 
Published: April 2021

Resumen:
El presente texto propone un ejercicio poético-político de exploración que tiene como objetivo discutir la noción del valor de la danza. En cinco apartados, exponemos una serie de planteamientos, conceptos, preguntas y vivencias personales relativas a las condiciones de existencia sensible, memoria y perdurabilidad de la danza. Situamos estos aspectos en relación a los mecanismos de producción, valoración y marginación de la danza, y sus implicaciones corporales, políticas y sensibles, tanto en nosotrxs, como en quienes participan indirectamente en la construcción de este relato colectivo. Entre una idea hegemónica y funcional de la danza, y una idea de resistencia en contra de la misma, planteamos una tercera forma de re-existencia singular-plural de las danzas, que es de carácter inapropiable y tendiente a la resonancia. Para ello, revisamos materiales teóricos, fuentes experienciales propias y comentarios informales recopilados desde 2008 hasta el presente. Esperamos que esta acción de escritura contribuya a ampliar los cuestionamientos teóricos de la danza entendida exclusivamente desde el espacio escénico, el paradigma de la subjetividad, y la idea de eficacia estética, hacia un entendimiento extra-escénico, infrapolítico y anti-jerárquico de los móviles y las condiciones de vida de la danza en la vida de quienes, entre otras cosas, danzan.

Palabras-clave: danza; danzas singulares; inmanencia; resonancia; infrapolítica
The Impact of Individual Behavior on Household Energy Saving
Authors: Maqbool Gulshan , Haider Zulqarnain 
Published: April 2021

Energy-saving behaviors are defined as the daily and habitual practices of households that focus on specific reductions in energy use. The main objective of this research was to estimate the impact of the energy-saving behavior of individuals on energy demand and to estimate the impact of factors affections the adoption of energy-saving techniques. The study is based on primary data which is collected through questionnaires. The data were collected from rural and urban households in four tehsils of district Sargodha, Pakistan. The Ordinary Least Square technique was to describe the relationship between electricity consumption and different explanatory variables such as gender, age, region, family members, dwelling area, income, energy consumption awareness, external influencing factors, and household saving behavior. Job status is negative and significant, qualification variable in this study is insignificant, marital status is negatively associated with energy consumption and significant, size of a household has a significant effect on the model. The monthly income of the household head has a positive and significant effect. Energy consumption awareness is significantly negative. External influencing factors are insignificant. Saving behavior in electronic appliances is significantly negative to energy consumption. Government should put efforts to aware the public about energy-saving measures through an awareness campaign using electronic media like mobile and email. Energy-saving appliances should be a sale at cheap prices. The household should have to change its habitual behavior.
SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI N DOPED TiO2 (N/TiO2) NANOTUBE SERTA UJI AKTIVITAS FOTOKATALISIS TERHADAP ZAT WARNA RHODAMIN B
Authors: Apriani Ida Nur Apriani , Gunlazuardi Jarnuzi 
Published: April 2021

Telah dilakukan sintesis fotokatalis N/TiO2 bermofologi nanotube dengan metode anodisasi menggunakan ammonium nitrat (NH4NO3) sebagai sumber dopan pada berbagai variasi konsentrasi (0,5M , 1M, 2M), dilanjutkan dengan kalisinasi pada suhu 4500C selama 2 jam untuk mendapatkan fasa kristal anatase. Karakterisasi dilakukan menggunakan Scanning Electron Miscroscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT-IR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), dan DRS (Diffused Reflectant Spectrometry) UV-Vis. Pengujian Linear Sweep Voltametri dan Multi Pulse Anperiometri pada fotokatalis­ N/TiO2 telah berhasil diterapkan untuk degradasi senyawa Rhodamin B menggunakan sinar UV maupun sinar tampak. Aplikasi dari uji fotoelektrokatalisis menggunakan sinar tampak untuk N/TiO2-NT memberikan hasil eliminasi sebesar 47,86%, sedangkan bila menggunakan TiO2 nanotube tanpa dopan eleminasi hanya sebesar 25,49%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa proses doping yang dilakukan telah berhasil menyisipkan nitrogen kedalam matrik TiO2 nanotube dan memperbaiki kinerja fotokatalisis nya di daerah sinar tampak.
EFFECT OF DASHMOOLA TAIL ANUVASAN BASTI ON UDAVARTA YONIVYAPAT W.S.R. TO DYSMENORRHEA â€“ A Case Study.
Authors: DHAVALE ISHWARI SUNIL 
Published: April 2021

â€œEFFECT OF DASHMOOLA TAIL ANUVASAN BASTI ON UDAVARTA YONIVYAPAT W.S.R. TO DYSMENORRHEA â€“ A Case Study.â€

AUTHOR: - Vd. Ishwari Sunil Dhavale
PG Scholar,
Prasuti Tantra & Stree Rog Dept., YMT AMC, Kharghar.
dhavale.ishwari05@gmail.com

Co-AUTHOR:-
Vd. Mangesh L. Patil
PG Guide,
Reader, Prasuti Tantra & Stree Rog Dept., YMT AMC, Kharghar.

ABSTRACT:-

Menstruation is a normal physiological process. Accompanied with intolerable pain, it is called as Dysmenorrhea. Dysmenorrhea is one of the most common disorders which suffer 60% of women between 15-45 ages. It causes severe pain & discomfort in everyday activities for several days each month. Uses of modern medicines like anti-inflammatory, anti-spasmodic drug, hormonal therapy are still unsatisfactory in giving relief and may cause unwanted effects.
Ayurvedic classics defined Udavarta Yoni vyapat; here the menstruation is accompanied with severe pain. It disappears on beginning of menstruation. According to Ayurveda menstruation is controlled & governed by Apan vayu. Due to movement of Apan vayu in opposite direction or disturbance obstruction in the flow of vayu may cause severe pain just prior to menstruation called as Udavarta yoni vyapat.
There are many treatments for Udavarta Yoni vyapat in Ayurveda, which are non-hormonal, non-surgical & most effective without side effect. Among these Dashmoola Tail Anuvasan Basti mentioned in Charak Samhita was selected in present study.

KEY WORD:-
Udavarta yoni vyapat, Dashmoola Tail Matra Basti.