bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of scrap dumpsite leachates on African land snails: insights into toxicity, biochemical responses, and reproductive implications
Authors: Abubakar Jimoh Olatunji , Abidemi Oluyemi Ayoola , Olugbenga Ayodele Simeon , Daniel Osayande Unity , Joseph Olarotimi Olumuyiwa 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This research delved into the intricate physiological responses of African land snails exposed to leachates from metal scrap dumpsites in Ado Ekiti metropolis. Raw leachates were collected from different leachate wells at the two dumpsites, these were used to form concentrations (v/v; leachate: dechlorinated tap water) and offered as drinking water throughout the study. A total of 80 points of lay snails (Archachatina marginata) 160.25 ± 5.84g and 7–8 months were used as test organism to assess the effect of the leachate. The snails were randomly allotted into four treatments, with four replicates and five snails per replicate representing the different leachate sample concentrations i.e T1-0%, T2-33.3%, T3- 66.67% and T4-100%. Results obtained indicated that the sodium, calcium, potassium, chromium, manganese and magnesium values of the leachates were higher than safety limits. The final weight of snails in T3 was significantly (P<0.05) higher than other treatment. The gonadosomatic index of snails in T1 was similar to T3 and T4 but significantly (p<0.05) higher than those on T2. Snails exposed to metal leachates have lower antioxidant activities compared with those on T1. In conclusion, the exposure of snails to higher concentrations of the leachates indicates potential toxicity and a tendency for impairment in reproductive capacity.
Nutrient digestibility, Nitrogen utilization, and growth performance of West African Dwarf (WAD) does fed diets containing wheat offal replaced with Tiger nut seed meal
Authors: Oso Teniola Samuel , Alade Caroline Tosin , Ibhaze Gladys Abiemwense , Faluyi Oyetayo Bolanle 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The decrease in nutrient digestibility and general performance of ruminant animals has been a persistent challenge during the dry season in Nigeria, and the use of less competitive alternative feed ingredients could be a remedy. Hence, a sixty-three (63)-day study was conducted to evaluate the nutritional potential and growth response of West African Dwarf (WAD) does fed diets containing wheat offal replaced with tiger nut seed meal. Five (5) experimental diets were formulated to contain 0.00, 5.00, 10.00, 15.00, and 20.00% tiger nut seed meal and were thus designated as diets T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5, respectively. Twenty (20) WAD does were randomly assigned to the experimental diets with four (4) replicates per treatment in a completely randomized design (CRD) experiment. Parameters evaluated include the chemical composition of formulated diets and wilted Panicum maximum, nutrient intake, digestibility, nitrogen utilization, and growth response of the does. Significant (p < 0.05) differences were observed in the chemical composition of the diets with the highest dry matter, nitrogen-free extract, and metabolizable energy obtained from diet T4. The highest crude protein content in diet, intake, and digestibility were observed for the does fed diet T3. The results obtained from nitrogen utilization revealed a significant (p < 0.05) difference across all parameters with superior nitrogen intake, balance, and percentage retention for the does feed diet T3. Similarly, the highest weight gain, daily weight gain, total dry matter intake, protein efficiency, and least feed conversion ratio were recorded from does fed diet T3. Conclusively, incorporating tiger nut seed meal as a replacement for wheat offal at 10.00% in WAD does diet has the potential to improve feed digestibility and the general performance of does, thus can be adopted by goat farmers.
Multiple biomarker response (Organ Histology, Serum Biochemistry and Oxidative Status) in Catfish Captured from Ureje River, Nigeria
Authors: Adegoke Agbabiaka Lukman , Abubakar Jimoh Olatunji , Temidayo Daramola Olajumoke , Abidemi Oluyemi Ayoola 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
With rapid urbanisation coupled with the influx of more people to Ado-Ekiti, it is pertinent to assess the effect of human activities on living organisms in Ureje River, the main water body that cuts across Ado-Ekiti. This study examined the effects of environmental pollution on the Ureje River in Ado Ekiti, Nigeria with focus on water quality, heavy metal contamination, and the health of female African catfish. Samples of water were fetched from various fishing spots along the river, and an earthen pond, which served as a control. Blood samples were collected from fish samples farmed from different fishing points, and thereafter slaughtered and organ characteristics and histology assessed.
Fish from Emirin and Erinfun showed lower (p<0.05) weights, indicating impaired growth. Fish had significantly (p<0.05) elevated glucose at Ajebamidele, high total protein at Aduloju, Erinfun and Ajebamidele, and varied cholesterol levels, reflecting metabolic stress. Fish from polluted points had notably higher liver enzymes and alkaline phosphatase coupled with highest oxidative stress, indicating liver damage and stress. Fish from heavily polluted areas had necrosis in gills, liver steatosis, and kidney infiltration. Pollution from industrial, agricultural, and domestic sources significantly degrades the Ureje River ecosystem with negatives impacts on water quality and aquatic organism health
Qualitative and Quantitative Composition of the Ichthyofauna of the Savica Lakes
Authors: Kljun Margareta , Ćaleta Marko , Mustafić Perica , Marčić Zoran , Horvatić Sven , Karlović Roman , Zanella Davor 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The Savica significant landscape is the only wetland area within the boundaries of the city of Zagreb and as such is of great value. The lake comprises a small section of an old arm of the Sava River, and 13 interconnected lakes created by the expansion of old lake arms. In terms of its biological classification, it is a eutrophic lake and provides adequate conditions for the survival of fish populations. The aim of the study was to investigate the qualitative and quantitative composition of the ichthyofauna in Lake Savica, while determining biodiversity indices, the presence of nonnative species and species composition by trophic and ecological groups. Sampling was carried out by electrofishing at 11 sites in the important landscape of Savica. A total of 20 fish species were recorded, of which 7 were non-native species. These results were compared with previous surveys of the lake. Lake Savica is inhabited by fish from standing waters of the lowlands, and the species present are generally opportune, with some interesting species for sport fishing.
Accumulation of Toxic Elements in Fish from Ohrid Lake Under the Influence of Anthropogenic Activities
Authors: Blazhekovikj-Dimovska Dijana , Ukoski Mirko 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Water ecosystems are under intense anthropogenic influence, which leads to an increased presence of pollutants, including a large number of toxic substances, primarily heavy metals, which requires constant monitoring. Fish are one of the most indicative factors for assessing water pollution with harmful elements, and this is important not only for environmental protection but also for the assessment of meat quality and the potential risk to the human population. The main goal of this research was to analyze the level of accumulation of heavy metals and metalloids, such as arsenic (As), iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in the muscle tissue of commercially important fish species from Ohrid Lake, to compare their concentrations in different fish species, to apply the index of heavy metal pollution in the assessment of water pollution, and to make a comparison of the concentrations of accumulated heavy metals and metalloids in the muscle tissue of the examined fish species with the maximal permitted concentrations prescribed by the legal regulations. The research area was in Ohrid Lake, Macedonia. The most important commercial fish species from Ohrid Lake, i.e. common carp, Ohrid trout, and barbel, were sampled for analysis. Statistical analysis of the data showed significant differences (P < 0.05) and significant variations in iron, chromium, copper, and zinc levels between different fish species and sampling months, highlighting the importance of considering species-specific factors such as feeding, habitat preferences, and metabolic processes in understanding the patterns of element accumulation, but also the temporal dynamics of element accumulation in fish. Based on the data on the concentrations of toxic elements (Fe, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn) in common carp, Ohrid trout, and barbel during the examined months (May, September, December, February), it can be concluded that the obtained values are below the maximum allowed concentrations prescribed on the basis of Commission Regulation (EU) No 1881/2006. This means that the fish species analyzed are safe for consumption and comply with regulatory guidelines, thus ensuring the protection of consumer health.
Application of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification for Edwardsiella Ictaluri Detection in Indonesia Enteric Septicemia of Catfish
Authors: Utami Hidayati Sari , Amalia Rahman Rizky , Ronald Nainggolan , Trisniaty Ardiani , Yunia Asri Tina , Wasito Raden 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method is useful for rapidly detecting Edwardsiella ictalurid infection, especially enteric septicemia of catfish (ESC). This study aims to investigate the LAMP method for E. ictaluri detection in ESC. This research was an experimental study using a total of 55 catfish, consisting of 5 negative controls and 50 catfish injected intraperitoneally with 0.1 mL of E. ictaluri at a concentration of 105 CFU/mL. The kidneys of three fishes were randomly selected 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, and 54 hours after infection with E. ictaluri. In addition, samples were also collected on days 3, 5, and 7. Bacterial analysis was determined by conventional biochemistry (genus and species test), whole-genome sequencing of catfish, and LAMP amplification. All types of data obtained in this study were analyzed by descriptive statistics to compare infected and healthy catfish. The catfish were infected with E. ictaluri after 12 hours of infection according to the LAMP amplification procedure which revealed hemorrhages throughout the body, fins, protruding eyes, necrosis, inflammation of the spleen, liver, intestine, pale gills, gut, abdomen swelling, and tissue necrosis in the upper part of the head. It can be concluded that the LAMP method is more effective than the PCR method for detecting infection with E. ictaluri in catfish.
Targeted Fishery for Bogue Boops boops (Linnaeus, 1758) Around Sea-Cage Fish Farms in the Turkish Aegean Sea
Authors: Ertosluk Okan , Akyol Okan , Ceyhan Tevfik , Özgül Aytaç 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study investigated artisanal fishing activity near sea cages in Güllük Bay in the southeastern Aegean Sea based on dockside sampling with local fishermen. The daily fishing activity of bogue Boops boops gillnetters was randomly observed in the ports of Göltürkbükü, Gündoğan, Yalıkavak and Torba over two fishing seasons, from November to April 2018 and 2019. A total of 18,163 kg of fish were caught in 147 daily operations. The composition of catches from the bogue gillnet fishery comprised 48 species from 30 families, including both fish and invertebrates. B. boops was the most abundant species with 91.9% of the catch, followed by Diplodus annularis, Scomber colias, Trachurus trachurus, Pagellus acarne and Scomber scombrus. The ratio of total bycatch biomass to commercial target species was 1:0.09. The fork length (FL) and weight of the 536 sampled B. boops ranged between 25.5 ± 0.12 cm and 293.6 ± 3.87 g, respectively. The highest catch per unit effort (CPUE) of B. boops occurred in April and averaged 58.83 ± 11.47 kg/1000 m, likely due to an increased catch during its spawning migration to open sea areas in spring.
Trends in the Average Weight of Fish Caught by Artisanal Fishers in the Croatian Section of the Sava River
Authors: Treer Tomislav 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The number of artisanal fishers and consequently their catch in the Sava River have been declining significantly for years. The aim of this study is therefore to examine how this affects the average weight of the most important fish species caught. The average weight increased significantly for bream Abramis brama (P < 0.01), pike-perch Sander lucioperca (P < 0.01) and wels catfish Silurus glanis (P < 0.05), while this was not the case for common carp Cyprinus carpio and pike Esox lucius (P > 0.05). Although recreational anglers also catch fish in the same waters, together with the two groups of fishermen from Bosnia and Herzegovina from the other bank of the river, it is expected that the average weight of the main fish caught will not decrease under the current circumstances.
Empowering Women-Led Innovations: Key Players In Realising The Long-Term Vision For Rural Areas
Authors: Farrell Maura , Sarkki Simo , Fransala Jasmiini , Murtagh Aisling , Weir Louise , Ahl Helene , Lépy Élise , Heikkinen Hannu I. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, particularly SDG 5, seek to attain gender equality and empower all women and girls. While rural women face multiple challenges, the innovative and entrepreneurial leadership of women in farming and rural areas can foster resilient and sustainable rural communities. Although studies on women and innovation are increasing, a clear definition of women-led innovation is missing. One objective of this paper is to outline what makes women-led innovations a distinct kind of innovation, and why that should matter for policy. Drawing on the conceptual framework devised for the EU Funded Horizon Europe FLIARA (Female-Led Innovation in Agriculture and Rural Areas) project, we propose a context to understand women-led innovation on farms and in rural areas within the geographical scope of the European Union, while also identifying a set of distinguishing features that make women-led innovation categorically different from other types of innovations. Furthermore, another key objective is to show how a better understanding of the distinctiveness of women-led innovations can contribute to policy by using the European Commission Long-term Vision for Rural Areas as an example. We conclude by advocating for an increased focus on women-led innovations in policymaking for a number of compelling reasons. Firstly, women have significant potential to drive progress in rural development, sustainability, and equality. They have a unique perspective and approach which can offer transformative solutions to the challenges facing rural communities. Moreover, supporting women-led innovations serves as a catalyst for revitalising rural areas in an evolving rural landscape. Additionally, prioritising equal opportunities for all individuals and genders in rural areas is not only an issue of common sense, but is a moral imperative. By making sure women have the same access to education, resources, and opportunities as their male counterparts, we endorse basic principles of fairness and justice.
The Role of Women in Leader: Developments in Germany Over Time and Implications
Authors: Raue Petra , Fynn Lynn-Livia , Pollermann Kim 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Gender mainstreaming is an obligation for EU-funded programmes. Nevertheless, there are still deficits. This article examines to what extent LEADER as a core funding measure for rural development is able to adopt a gender mainstreaming approach. Based on evaluation results from the 2014–2022 funding period, we look at the development of women's participation and the impact of different framework conditions set in the RDPs. Results underline that the participation of women should be strengthened via „top-down“ regulations (like quotas). Several studies suggest that there are differences in social preferences and priorities between men and women. Our analyses suggest that this is also the case for some of the topics discussed within the LAGs. Responses to the survey question on project selection indicated that women have higher demands for gender equality in implementing projects than men.
Perceptions of Digital Economy Opportunities in Diverse Rural Areas in Czechia by Rural Women Leaders
Authors: Kouřilová Jana , Pělucha Martin , Shemetev Aleksander , Kubíková Martina 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Digitalisation and the digital divide are important issues being studied, particularly within the urban-rural relationship. This paper focuses on women's perceptions of digitalisation and its potential in different types of rural areas in Czechia. A total of 241 guided interviews were conducted, of which 76 (31.5%) were with women. The respondents were rural managers/leaders, representatives of local government, businesses, and NGOs involved in LAGs who can stimulate local development. Results show similarities in the perceptions of men and women, who appreciate the benefits of digitalisation (e.g., speed of communication) and negatively perceive the weakening of social ties and unequal access to ICT infrastructure or digital skills. The sector of their work influences slight differences in women's views. It is necessary to support the construction of ICT infrastructure and the development of the population's IT skills to create equal conditions for access to digital technologies.
Agritourism as A Pathway to Women's Empowerment: Insights From Rural Albania
Authors: Sulaj Anila , Themelko Henrieta 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Tourism literature has emphasized the potential of agritourism in empowering women in rural areas. Recently, there has been a rise in agritourism enterprises managed by women in rural regions of Albania. However, less attention has been paid to the role of agritourism in the empowerment of rural Albanian women and its impact on traditional gender roles. Assessing the role of women in entrepreneurship and societal gender perception, this article explores the potential link between agritourism development and women's empowerment in rural regions of Albania. Drawing on data collected from 2022 to 2023, through a focus group and semi-structured interviews, the findings highlight various positive outcomes. These include a reduction in poverty and unemployment among rural women, as well as enhanced social and economic empowerment. Furthermore, agritourism emerges as a catalyst for self-development and social empowerment for rural women across multiple dimensions. To capitalize on these benefits and promote gender equity in rural areas, future agritourism policies in Albania should incorporate more inclusive incentives.
Women and the Rural World. The Reasons Put Forward by Women As to Why the Population Continues to Fall in Many Parts of Andalusia (Spain)
Authors: García Eugenio Cejudo , José Ríos Martín M.ª , Oria María Inmaculada Cejudo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In Europe today, depopulation affects not only rural but also some urban areas, albeit with greatly varying intensity. Andalusia is no exception. After describing its striking territorial differences, this article analyses women’s opinions about the causes of depopulation and whether these differ depending on their place of residence or compared to men. For this purpose, we carried out 114 in-depth interviews with people with different socio-professional profiles and from different types of territory, although in this paper we study the 19 interviews with women. Our results show that there were important differences between men and women regarding the most important causes of depopulation, and within the group of women, depending on where they lived. For all the women, lack of work was the most important cause of depopulation, although there were differences in some of the other reasons put forward. These findings could be of interest to the different institutions tackling the depopulation problem.
Educational Priorities of Girls From Rural Areas Entering Classical Universities in Big Cities: A Case Study of Ukraine
Authors: Lozynskyy Roman , Zubyk Andriy , Labinska Halyna , Zakutynska Iryna 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The article highlights the research related to the accessibility of higher education for different population groups. Based on Ivan Franko University of Lviv, the number and ratio of rural to urban girls who entered the bachelor’s program over the past four years, their choice of specialty, factors that influenced such a choice, the geography of entrants, etc., have been analysed. It has been established that a wide range of specialties and a state educational policy of Ukraine in general provide girls from rural areas with access to higher education. However, girls from the countryside, due to low financial capabilities of their families, are more focused on specialties where there is an opportunity for free education. Compared to urban girls, rural girls have access to a narrower list of specialties because they often receive secondary education of lower quality. An important problem in Ukraine is inaccessibility of higher quality education to young people from depressed villages, which creates spatial inequality and injustice.
A new method to compute the determinantal polynomial coefficients of a matrix (Symmetric Normalized Kirchhoff matrix) of a complete graph
Authors: Abhishek M. , Prashanth B. , Permi K. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this article, we have calculated the coeffcients of the characteristic (determinantal) polynomial for a complete graph by considering the vertex number and using the eigenvalues of the normalized matrix. Additionally, we have obtained upper and lower bounds for the normalized eigenvalue of a complete graph. Furthermore, we present algorithms for these calculations.
Impact of random variations in the sampling period on the stability of embedded control systems
Authors: Gabriska D. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Control of embedded systems is a key task in many industrial and technological applications, and their performance and stability are critically dependent on the ability to effectively implement control algorithms within limited computational and time resources. One of the main challenges in this area is the need to process data with a random variable that comes to processing randomly and with variable periodicity. This variability in the sampling period can cause a decrease in the quality of the control, which threatens the stability of the entire system. The article examines the limits to which this variability can be tolerated without losing the stability of the controlled system.
The study includes an analysis of systems dynamics with a variable sampling period and determining the necessary period of system discretization. It is also essential to consider the impact of the random component of the sampling period on the system’s transient response. The proposal is based on determining the permissible limits of the period change based on analysis and simulation.
The result of this research provides recommendations for the design and implementation of control systems that can maintain high-quality regulation even with unpredictable changes in sampling periodicity. The present article also opens space for further research in the field of control of systems with variable periodicity, especially regarding their practical implementation in real embedded devices.