bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The posterior tibial slope does not influence the flexion angle in posterior-stabilized mobile-bearing total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Takemura Susumu , Ikawa Tessyu , Ohyama Yohei , Kim Mitsunari , Takaoka Kunio , Minoda Yukihide , Kadoya Yoshinori 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
It remains uncertain whether an increase in the tibial slope leads to better flexion in posterior-stabilized (PS) total knee prostheses.

Purpose
To compare the intra-operative flexion angle between standard and an additional 10° posterior slope inserts.

Patients and methods
Between December 2014 and February 2015, 22 patients (25 knees) who underwent PS mobile-bearing primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) were included. Flexion angles were measured using either standard or specially-made inserts. Differences in flexion angles between the two situations were analyzed to determine the relationship between changes in flexion angle and pre-operative flexion angle or body mass index (BMI), and between intra- and post-operative flexion angle.

Results
The difference between the average flexion angle of standard inserts and specially-made inserts was not statistically significant. Although the correlations between changes in flexion angle due to insert difference and flexion angle, pre-operative flexion angle or BMI were not significant, there was a positive correlation between intra-operative and post-operative flexion at 2 years.

Conclusion
The results showed an additional posterior tibial slope by 10° did not affect the intra-operative flexion angle. Surgeons performing PS mobile-bearing TKA do not need to excessively slope the tibial bone cutting to improve the post-operative flexion angle.

Level of evidence
I, Experimental study.
Pandemic Grief Scale in detection of grief reaction among physicians in COVID-19 era
Authors: El Sayed Samir , Gomaa Sarah , Aboelfotoh Shereen , El Wasify Mohamed 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Physicians are considered one of the most vulnerable groups who might develop pandemic grief during this critical time of COVID-19 infection, and this grief reaction might have deleterious effects on their life. This cross-sectional observational online study aimed to investigate the pandemic grief reaction among physicians and its burden on their aspects of life.

Results
Socio-demographic characteristics of 900 physicians were collected. The Pandemic Grief Scale (PGS) was used to detect the grief reaction among them and also Patient Health Depression Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was used to evaluate the depressive manifestations. Sheehan Disability Scale was considered to investigate the burden of this grief on different aspects of life. The study revealed high mean score of Pandemic Grief Scale: 11.12 ± 2.34; the mean score of Sheehan Disability Scale was 17.63 ± 5.17, and the mean score of Patient Health Depression Questionnaire-9 was 19.89 ± 4.27.

Conclusion
Pandemic grief is commonly experienced by the physicians during this COVID-19 era due to sudden loss of loved one or the cases themselves. This pandemic grief has drastic effect on domains of physicians’ life.
Mass spectrometry: an essential tool to be used in discrimination between causes of congenital adrenal hyperplasia, and its benefits versus radioimmunoassay
Authors: Asfour Heba , Baz Heba , Soliman Hend , Elshiwy Yasmine , Elsharkawy Marwa , Elmougy Fatma , Morgan Marianne 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Measurement of multiple steroids, 17 hydroxyprogesterone, 11 deoxycortisol, and 21 deoxycortisol, is required to discriminate between congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21 hydroxylase deficiency and that due to 11 beta hydroxylase deficiency. This work aims at the selection of the more appropriate, cost-effective method among either mass spectrometry or radioimmunoassay for the quantitation of the previous steroids. In this study, blood samples were collected from 31 patients that were newly diagnosed with congenital adrenal hyperplasia; 17 hydroxyprogesterone and 21 deoxycortisol were assayed using tandem mass spectrometry. Eleven deoxycortisol was assayed using 2 methods: radioimmunoassay and tandem mass spectrometry.

Results
Measuring 11 deoxycortisol using tandem mass spectrometry could significantly discriminate patients with 11 beta hydroxylase deficiency from those with 21 hydroxylase deficiency (p = 0.002), whereas radioimmunoassay failed (p = 0.095). Moreover, the former was highly predictive of 11 beta hydroxylase deficiency at a cutoff ≥ 11 ng/ml with 100% sensitivity and 92.3% specificity. Simultaneous measurement of 21 deoxycortisol and 11 deoxycortisol and their enrollment in an equation yielded an overall predictive accuracy 96.8% for diagnosis of CAH due to both enzymatic deficiencies.

Conclusions
Measurement of 11 deoxycortisol using mass spectrometric approach is mandated as a part of work up to differentiate types of congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
Evaluation of point-of-care thumb-size bispectral electroencephalography device to quantify delirium severity and predict mortality
Authors: Yamanashi Takehiko , Crutchley Kaitlyn J. , Wahba Nadia E. , Sullivan Eleanor J. , Comp Katie R. , Kajitani Mari , Tran Tammy , Modukuri Manisha V. , Marra Pedro S. , Herrmann Felipe M. , Chang Gloria , Anderson Zoe-Ella M. , Iwata Masaaki , Kobayashi Ken , Kaneko Koichi , Umeda Yuhei , Kadooka Yoshimasa , Lee Sangil , Shinozaki Eri , Karam Matthew D. , Noiseux Nicolas O. , Shinozaki Gen 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundWe have developed the bispectral electroencephalography (BSEEG) method for detection of delirium and prediction of poor outcomes.AimsTo improve the BSEEG method by introducing a new EEG device.MethodIn a prospective cohort study, EEG data were obtained and BSEEG scores were calculated. BSEEG scores were filtered on the basis of standard deviation (s.d.) values to exclude signals with high noise. Both non-filtered and s.d.-filtered BSEEG scores were analysed. BSEEG scores were compared with the results of three delirium screening scales: the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU), the Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98 (DRS) and the Delirium Observation Screening Scale (DOSS). Additionally, the 365-day mortalities and the length of stay (LOS) in the hospital were analysed.ResultsWe enrolled 279 elderly participants and obtained 620 BSEEG recordings; 142 participants were categorised as BSEEG-positive, reflecting slower EEG activity. BSEEG scores were higher in the CAM-ICU-positive group than in the CAM-ICU-negative group. There were significant correlations between BSEEG scores and scores on the DRS and the DOSS. The mortality rate of the BSEEG-positive group was significantly higher than that of the BSEEG-negative group. The LOS of the BSEEG-positive group was longer compared with that of the BSEEG-negative group. BSEEG scores after s.d. filtering showed stronger correlations with delirium screening scores and more significant prediction of mortality.ConclusionsWe confirmed the usefulness of the BSEEG method for detection of delirium and of delirium severity, and prediction of patient outcomes with a new EEG device.
Estimating HIV, HCV and HSV2 incidence from emergency department serosurvey
Authors: Spencer Simon E.F. , Laeyendecker Oliver , Dyson Louise , Hsieh Yu-Hsiang , Patel Eshan U. , Rothman Richard E. , Kelen Gabor D. , Quinn Thomas C. , Hollingsworth T. Deirdre 
Published: August 2021

Background: Our understanding of pathogens and disease transmission has improved dramatically over the past 100 years, but coinfection, how different pathogens interact with each other, remains a challenge. Cross-sectional serological studies including multiple pathogens offer a crucial insight into this problem. Methods: We use data from three cross-sectional serological surveys (in 2003, 2007 and 2013) in a Baltimore emergency department to predict the prevalence for HIV, hepatitis C virus (HCV) and herpes simplex virus, type 2 (HSV2), in a fourth survey (in 2016). We develop a mathematical model to make this prediction and to estimate the incidence of infection and coinfection in each age and ethnic group in each year. Results: Overall we find a much stronger age cohort effect than a time effect, so that, while incidence at a given age may decrease over time, individuals born at similar times experience a more constant force of infection over time. Conclusions: These results emphasise the importance of age-cohort counselling and early intervention while people are young. Our approach adds value to data such as these by providing age- and time-specific incidence estimates which could not be obtained any other way, and allows forecasting to enable future public health planning.
EPISTEMOLOGÍA DE LOS PROFESORES SOBRE EL CONOCIMIENTO MATEMÁTICO ESCOLAR: UN ESTUDIO DE CASO
Authors: Sepúlveda Obreque Karla , Lezama Andalón Javier 
Published: July 2021

Se buscó conocer la epistemología de los profesores sobre el conocimiento matemático escolar. El estudio se enmarco en la Teoría Socioepistemológica entendiendo la matemática como una actividad humana desde el relativismo epistémico. Este estudio cualitativo utilizó el análisis microscópico para formar categorías y luego analizó dialécticamente esas categorías. El interés investigativo surgió al observar la influencia del eurocentrismo, el mono epistemisismo de la escuela y la ausencia de algunos conocimientos en la enseñanza. La epistemología del profesor influye su enseñanza y afecta el modelo escolar como herramienta de cambio o de continuidad social. Los resultados mostraron que los profesores mayoritariamente entienden la matemática como un conocimiento a priori, asignando a la acción humana el rol de descubrirla, interpretarla o formalizarla.
The rehabilitation of physical function after severely disabling stroke: a survey of UK therapist practice
Authors: McGlinchey Mark P , McKevitt Christopher , Faulkner-Gurstein Rachel , Sackley Catherine M 
Published: August 2021

Background/aimsIndividuals who are severely disabled from stroke (survivors of severely disabling stroke) experience poorer outcomes compared to those who are less disabled from stroke. However, there is a paucity of evidence describing current therapy practice in the management of severely disabling stroke. The aim of the study was to describe intervention and outcome measure use by physiotherapists and occupational therapists in the rehabilitation of physical function of survivors of severely disabling stroke.MethodsA mixed-methods survey was conducted, involving an online questionnaire and follow-up interviews. Survey participants were UK-based physiotherapists and occupational therapists with experience treating stroke. Questionnaire data were analysed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Interview data were analysed using content analysis.ResultsA total of 452 therapists (59% physiotherapists) responded to the questionnaire. Out of the respondents, 18 self-selected therapists participated in follow-up interviews to explain questionnaire data. Whole body positioning, training of upper limb handling and positioning, and sitting balance practice were the most frequently used interventions. Inpatient-based therapists performed more active rehabilitation interventions, whereas community-based therapists performed more training and education. The Barthel Index, Modified Rankin Scale and National Institutes for Health Stroke Scale were the most frequently used outcome measures. Outcome measure use was generally low and was more likely to be completed when it was part of a national audit. Reasons for low outcome measure use were perceived lack of time and insensitivity to detect clinical change.ConclusionsA variety of interventions and outcome measures are used in the rehabilitation of survivors of severely disabling stroke. There is a need to evaluate the effectiveness of frequently used interventions and identify outcome measures that are sensitive to the needs of survivors of severely disabling stroke.
Upper extremity dysfunctions in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices: a systematic review
Authors: Surendran Praveen Jayaprabha , Jacob Prasobh , Selvamani Dineshkumar , Papasavvas Theodoros , Swaminathan Narasimman , Mathew Gigi , Praveen Reshma 
Published: August 2021

Background/Aims The prevalence of cardiac implantable electronic devices has risen considerably during recent years. This has revolutionised the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias, which in turn reduced the incidence of sudden cardiac death. There are several complications associated with cardiac implantable electronic device implantation. Upper extremity dysfunction is one of the complications associated with this procedure and it should be addressed, since it can affect activities of daily living. This systematic review analysed the prevailing evidence pertaining to the common upper extremity dysfunctions associated with receiving a cardiac implantable electronic device. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE (through Cochrane) and Google Scholar for original research published in the English language. The Rayyan QCRI web application was used for study selection and the decision-making process. PRISMA guidelines were used to conduct and report this review. The methodological quality of the included studies was appraised using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool for analytic cross-sectional studies and case reports. Results This systematic review included eight studies with a total of 696 participants. The most common upper extremity dysfunctions associated with receiving a cardiac implantable electronic device were pain and limitation of shoulder range of motion. Limitation of range of motion could be persisted even in the long term after having a cardiac implantable electronic device implanted. Conclusions Contributing factors of upper extremity dysfunctions included size of the device, pectoral site of implantation and upper extremity immobilisation practices. Upper extremity dysfunction is an overlooked complication, as it received a relatively low priority, although it may negatively impact quality of life.
High-sensitivity transverse-load and high-temperature sensor based on the cascaded Vernier effect
Authors: Han Yang , Liu Bo , Wu Yongfeng , Mao Yaya , Wu Jing , Zhao Lilong , Nan Tong , Wang Jin , Tang Rong , Zhang Yulan 
Published: August 2021

In this paper, we demonstrate a novel, to the best of our knowledge, transverse-load and high-temperature sensor based on the cascaded Vernier effect. Two Fabry–Perot interferometers fabricated by a piece of hollow-core fiber (HCF) and a piece of polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber (PM-PCF) are connected by a long part of single-mode fiber with a length of 1 m, and play the roles of transverse-load sensor and high-temperature sensor, respectively. The sensitivity of not only the transverse load but also that of temperature can be enhanced by the Vernier effect. The sensitivity of the transverse load is raised by 7.7 times to 5.84 nm/N, and the temperature sensitivities increased by 5.5 and 5.9 times to

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within the temperature range of 50–400°C to 400–900°C. Moreover, both the HCF cavity and PM-PCF cavity can be split and combined flexibly. Hence, such a sensor could have great potential in sensing applications.
Comparison of transcriptional responses between pathogenic and nonpathogenic hantavirus infections in Syrian hamsters using NanoString
Authors: Brocato Rebecca L. , Altamura Louis A. , Carey Brian D. , Perley Casey C. , Blancett Candace D. , Minogue Timothy D. , Hooper Jay W. 
Published: August 2021

Background
Syrian hamsters infected with Andes virus (ANDV) develop a disease that recapitulates many of the salient features of human hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS), including lethality. Infection of hamsters with Hantaan virus (HTNV) results in an asymptomatic, disseminated infection. In order to explore this dichotomy, we examined the transcriptome of ANDV- and HTNV-infected hamsters.

Results
Using NanoString technology, we examined kinetic transcriptional responses in whole blood collected from ANDV- and HTNV-infected hamsters. Of the 770 genes analyzed, key differences were noted in the kinetics of type I interferon sensing and signaling responses, complement activation, and apoptosis pathways between ANDV- and HTNV-infected hamsters.

Conclusions
Delayed activation of type I interferon responses in ANDV-infected hamsters represents a potential mechanism that ANDV uses to subvert host immune responses and enhance disease. This is the first genome-wide analysis of hantavirus-infected hamsters and provides insight into potential avenues for therapeutics to hantavirus disease.
Variability of discharge medical therapy for secondary prevention among patients with myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) in the United States
Authors: Smilowitz Nathaniel R. , Dubner Rachel , Hellkamp Anne S. , Widmer Robert J. , Reynolds Harmony R. 
Published: August 2021

Background
Optimal medical therapy after myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA; <50% stenosis) is uncertain. We evaluated variability in discharge prescription of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors / angiotensin receptor blockers (ACEI/ARB) and beta-blockers (BB) to MINOCA patients between hospitals to assess physician equipoise about secondary prevention.

Methods
Patients with MINOCA between 2007–2014 were identified in the NCDR Chest Pain–MI Registry. Those with prior revascularization or missing demographic, angiographic, or medication data were excluded. Analysis was limited to high-volume hospitals with ≥20 MINOCA total discharges. Discharge prescriptions for ACEI/ARB and BB after MINOCA were analyzed for each hospital. Clinical data on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and diabetes mellitus status were extracted to identify other indications for ACEI/ARB or BB.

Results
Clinical data were available for 17,849 MINOCA patients, of whom 8,752 (49%) had LVEF <40%, GFR ≤60 mL/min, and/or diabetes. 5,913 patients without one of these indications for ACEI/ARB or BB were discharged from 156 high-volume hospitals. At discharge, ACEI/ARB was prescribed to between 16.0% and 88.8% of MINOCA patients (median 45.6%, IQR 38.0%-56.5%) and BB to between 28.0% and 97.5% (median 74.1%, IQR 64.7%-80.0%).

Conclusion
There is marked variability between hospitals in the proportions of patients receiving ACEI/ARB and BB after hospitalization for MINOCA, suggesting clinical equipoise about the routine use of these agents. Randomized clinical trials are necessary to establish the benefit of ACEI/ARB and BB to improve outcomes after MINOCA.
Machine learning prediction of dropping out of outpatients with alcohol use disorders
Authors: Park So Jin , Lee Sun Jung , Kim HyungMin , Kim Jae Kwon , Chun Ji-Won , Lee Soo-Jung , Lee Hae Kook , Kim Dai Jin , Choi In Young 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundAlcohol use disorder (AUD) is a chronic disease with a higher recurrence rate than that of other mental illnesses. Moreover, it requires continuous outpatient treatment for the patient to maintain abstinence. However, with a low probability of these patients to continue outpatient treatment, predicting and managing patients who might discontinue treatment becomes necessary. Accordingly, we developed a machine learning (ML) algorithm to predict which the risk of patients dropping out of outpatient treatment schemes.MethodsA total of 839 patients were selected out of 2,206 patients admitted for AUD in three hospitals under the Catholic Central Medical Center in Korea. We implemented six ML models—logistic regression, support vector machine, k-nearest neighbor, random forest, neural network, and AdaBoost—and compared the prediction performances thereof.ResultsAmong the six models, AdaBoost was selected as the final model for recommended use owing to its area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.72. The four variables affecting the prediction based on feature importance were the length of hospitalization, age, residential area, and diabetes.ConclusionAn ML algorithm was developed herein to predict the risk of patients with AUD in Korea discontinuing outpatient treatment. By testing and validating various machine learning models, we determined the best performing model, AdaBoost, as the final model for recommended use. Using this model, clinicians can manage patients with high risks of discontinuing treatment and establish patient-specific treatment strategies. Therefore, our model can potentially enable patients with AUD to successfully complete their treatments by identifying them before they can drop out.
Corporeal Politics: Dancing East Asia, Katherine Mezur and Emily Wilcox (eds) (2020)
Authors: Avaunt Casey 
Published: August 2021

Review of: Corporeal Politics: Dancing East Asia, Katherine Mezur and Emily Wilcox (eds) (2020)
Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 355 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-47207-455-6, p/bk, $39.95
FORMULASI SNACK BAR BERBAHAN DASAR TEPUNG MOCAF DAN TEPUNG KACANG MERAH SEBAGAI MAKANAN SELINGAN BAGI ATLET
Authors: Pontang Galeh Septiar , Wening Dyah Kartika 
Published: July 2021

Latar Belakang: Pemberian karbohidrat yang tepat dapat menunjang performa dan kapasitas latihan atlet. Penelitian menunjukkan asupan gizi atlet Indonesia sebagian besar masih di bawah kebutuhan. Snack bar dapat dijadikan makanan selingan padat gizi dan energi bagi atlet. Modifikasi snack bar dengan tepung mocaf dan tepung kacang merah dapat menghasilkan produk olahan tinggi energi dan karbohidrat.Tujuan: menganalisis tingkat kesukaan dan proksimat snack bar berbahan dasar tepung mocaf dan tepung kacang merah.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain ekperimental dalam bidang food production. Formulasi snack bar yaitu perbandingan tepung mocaf dan tepung kacang merah yaitu formula SB1(75%:25%), SB2 (50%:50%), dan SB3 (25%:75%). Uji tingkat kesukaan dilakukan kepada 33 orang panelis agak terlatih. Analisis data uji tingkat kesukaan menggunakan uji beda Kruskal Walliss dilanjutkan uji Mann Whitney menggunakan aplikasi di komputer dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95% atau α=5%. Analisis proksimat yang dilakukan meliputi kadar karbohidrat, kadar protein, kadar lemak, dan kandungan serat.Hasil: Uji tingkat kesukaan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan aroma (p=0,025) dan tekstur (p=0,025) diantara ketiga formulasi, namun tidak ada perbedaan dari kompoenen rasa (p=0,854) dan warna (p=0,470). Formula terbaik adalah snack bar formula SB2 karena memiliki nilai rerata tertinggi pada tiga komponen uji tingkat kesukaan. Kandungan zat gizi snack bar formula SB2 per 100 gram yaitu 434,68+22,30 kkal, 79,1+9,46 g karbohidrat, 7,86+1,04 g protein dan 10,59+1,51 g lemak.Simpulan: Formulasi snack bar dengan perbandingan tepung mocaf 50% dan tepung kacang merah 50% merupakan formulasi terbaik dan memenuhi kriteria sports foods sebagai makanan selingan bagi atlet.