bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brain-Based Online Learning Design in The Disruptive Era for Students in University
Authors: Kristanto Andi , Sulistiowati . , Pradana Hirnanda Dimas 
Published: November 2021

The learning model is a collection of activities that occur during the teaching and learning process with the objective of achieving the set goals. The brain-based online learning model developed is a solution to the students' learning problems. The majority of students struggle to interpret all of the learning materials they receive. This resulted in students' dissatisfaction with the learning materials. The purpose of this research is to develop a brain-based online learning process design based on the aforementioned problems. The Lee & Owens model of development was used in this development research. The stages of the Lee & Owens development model are analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The development research findings are as follows: (1) the media experts' assessment, which resulted in an 89.35% score with a valid category. (2) The assessment of the developed learning materials by material experts resulted in a score of 91.23% with a valid category. (3) expert evaluation, with an overall score of 86.35% for having a valid category. (4) The results of individual trials produced a percentage score of 88.5% with a valid category. (5) The results of small group trials indicated an overall percentage score of 81.60% of valid categories. (6) Field trials are classified as valid when they receive a percentage of 79.89%. The results of the development indicate that the brain-based online learning design is feasible for use.

Received: 11 August 2021 / Accepted: 27 October 2021 / Published: 5 November 2021
Gender and Politics: Gender Balance as a Panacea to a Credible and Successful Election
Authors: Obinna Ogbonna Hyginus , Mbah Chidi Slessor , Imoudu Monica O. 
Published: November 2021

This paper focuses on Gender Balance as a Panacea to a Credible and Successful Election, having as its raison d’être: to review the concept of gender balance and appropriate its implications towards achieving a credible and successful election required for the existence of human centered development process in sub-Saharan Africa, with Nigeria as a case study. Thus, the paper achieves its goal by adopting a qualitative descriptive method of analysis as it examines qualitatively: the urgency for the crusade on gender balance; the inter-linkages between gender balance and a credible-successful election. A few theoretical orientations were employed to mediate for a proper epistemic extrapolations and reconstructions to explaining gender balance as a panacea to a credible and successful election: these include, the notion of Social Contract, the notion of Democratic Culture, and the notion of Participatory Electoral Process. The paper made some findings, a few of these include: 1) there is the tendency in the sub-Saharan African socio-political cultural practice, Nigeria in particular, to socially exclude women in politics because the female gender has been judged first of all from sexuality point of view as a second class gender rather than seeing women, first of all, as humans, hence entitled to human rights for which right to political participation is inclusive. 2) There is a correlation between gender balance and a credible-successful election, and the absence of the former reproduces a negative outcome in the latter. The paper therefore concludes that strict observance of gender balance is a sine qua non for a credible-successful election conducive for human centered development process. It thus recommends for the total commitment of government to democratic culture by mainstreaming women in politics, inter alia.

Received: 27 July 2021 / Accepted: 15 October 2021 / Published: 5 November 2021
Address Forms in Turkish Culture as a Reflection of Social Status
Authors: Goktepe Fatma Tokoz 
Published: November 2021

The study concerned itself with forms of communication and address in Turkish culture and seeks to study how they are today regarding how they have been developed historically. Many variables determine how one addresses another and the reasons behind how that forms are chosen. It is known that what is culturally acceptable and deemed polite varies across many different cultures, although some patterns are identical regardless of the culture in which they are exhibited. For the study, a survey was conducted upon several Turkish individuals, and the findings were analysed to extract specific themes and similarities in answers. The analysis was conducted via the Colaizzi method, in which a seven-step process was used to determine themes and recurring branches of themes in subjective interviews. The findings were reported upon and determined to correlate with what has been reported in previous literature on Turkish culture concerning social norms, forms of address and politeness.

Received: 10 September 2021 / Accepted: 12 October 2021 / Published: 5 November 2021
Efficacy of Ozone Gas against All Stages of Red Flour Beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) at Different Temperatures and Exposure Periods
Authors: Al-Emara Mohammed S. , Alyousuf Aqeel A. , Abass Mohammed H. 
Published: November 2021

Ozone efficacy (approximately of 600 Mg.hr-1) was evaluated against Red Flour Beetle’s (RFB, Tribolium castium (Herbst)) eggs, larvae, pupae and adults at different temperatures (35, 40 and 45 ° C) and exposure times (1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 hours) under laboratory. The control treatments included above thermal levels without ozone at the mentioned exposure periods. The results indicated ozone effectively suppressed hatching with increasing temperature. The hatch egg rates was reduced to 0 % in the treated treatments after 10 h at 45° C. However, mortality rates of RFB were increased with maximizing of the exposure time to ozone. After 10-h exposure to ozone at the lowest temperature 35˚ C, complete mortality (100%) or few survivals of RFB were recorded in the susceptible stages (larvae and adults). Also, the complete mortality of adults and larvae resulted after an exposure to ozone at 40 ° C for 10 hours, compared than the high survival rates at the pest’s stages at 30 and 40° C, even after 10 hours of monitoring time. However the exposure time which is required to 100% mortality was decreased to 4 hours at 45 ° C, comparing to the thermal treatment only (control) which needed more time (6 h) for 100% of mortality. In conclusion, ozone application showed the efficacy on the mortality at all stages of RFB and the temperature was a potential factor enhancing the application of ozone for RFB control.
Outcome of Non-Invasive Ventilation in Patients of Acute Respiratory Failure.
Authors: Pal Anusmriti , Yadav Manoj Kumar , Pant Chiranjeevi 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is a method of ventilator support or delivery of positive pressure into the lungs usually through a face mask, mostly initiated before severe acidosis occurs. NIV failure requiring invasive mechanical ventilation in decompensated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients is low, but, in critical patients, it is as high as 60%. Acute respiratory failure (ARF) is the common reason for admission to the intensive care unit. This study assesses the outcome of NIV among patients with acute respiratory failure, the duration of use, stay in ICU, and failure rate of NIV. Such type of study result is scarce in our country.
Methods: Arterial blood gases were assessed prior, after, and at discontinuation of NIV. NIV was delivered by ventilator via face mask. All patients above age 15 years who presented to the hospital, diagnosed to have ARF by ABG were included and admitted to Medical Intensive Care Unit (MICU). . Appropriate statistical tests (Chi-square) were performed and the statistical significance of the results was assessed.
Results: 35 patients with the median age of 73 years (range: 39- 89 years), of 60.0 % females among which 74.3 % were current smokers. Arterial blood pH prior to admission ranged from 7.11-7.39 and 7.06-7.41 among NIV success and failure, respectively. Similarly, PCo2 ranged from 54.0-127.5 and 29.5-105.9 among them, respectively. Two hours after ventilation pH ranged from 7.12-7.43 and 7.05-7.30 respectively in the success and failure group. The most common disease condition requiring NIV was 77.1% COPD. Out of NIV failure group (n=19) ,57.8 % were intubated and 42.1% patients left the intervention.
Conclusions: Usage of NIV among ARF patients was associated with lower intubation and ICU mortality rate. COPD patients showed the most benefit with NIV, whereas patients suffering from interstitial lung disease, lung cancer had less benefit.
Clinicopathological Characteristics and Surgical Findings of Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma
Authors: Shakya Bemba , Shrestha Eliza , Dangal Ganesh 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Ovarian cancer was the third most common gynecological cancer globally in 2020. The objective of this study was to delineate clinicopathological characteristics and surgical findings of epithelial ovarian carcinoma in our context.
Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Bhaktapur Cancer Hospital, from March, 2023 to May, 2023. Ethical approval was obtained from Institutional Review Board (Ref. No. 773/2079/80). Data pertaining patient characteristics, initial symptoms, pre-operative CA-125 level, risk of malignancy index, stage, histology, type and extent of surgery and residual disease were evaluated in 35 cases of epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0.
Results: Among 35 cases of epithelial ovarian carcinoma, majority occurred in postmenopausal women (57.1%) with mean age 53 years. The most common presentation was abdominal distension (51.4%). Majority of patients had raised preoperative serum CA-125 level (94.2%) and RMI score (91.4%). Most of them presented in advanced stage III and IV (85.7%) with histology type high grade serous 2 carcinoma (82.8%). Eleven patients (31.4%) underwent primary cytoreductive surgery and 24 (68.5%) patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy with three to six cycles of Carboplatin and Paclitaxel and underwent interval cytoreductive surgery. At surgery, majority had no residual disease (R 0 94.2%).
Conclusions: Majority of epithelial ovarian carcinoma occurred in postmenopausal women with abdominal distension. Most of them presented in advanced stage III-IV with histology high grade serous carcinoma. They underwent interval cytoreductive surgery more than primary cytoreductive surgery. At surgery, majority had no residual disease.
Predictors of Preventable Tooth Loss due to Extraction- A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kumar Mahat Arun , Bahadur Basnet Lila , Puri Reecha , Kumar Shrewastwa Mukesh , Panta Niranjan 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Dental extraction is an irreversible treatment and knowledge about patient’s perspective to submit an extraction request is essential to help develop guidelines that support oral surgeons in describing the ethical and legal issues, guiding them in decision-making, and responding to extraction requests. This study was planned to investigate the potential correlations between the predictors and extraction of permanent tooth that could be saved, in our area of practice.
Methods: The patients were divided into two categories; Group 1: teeth can be saved and Group 2: teeth cannot be saved. Habits of the patients, their socio-demographic variables, medical history, reasons for a dental visit, reason for teeth extraction, and anatomical location of teeth were analyzed as a risk factor for preventable teeth loss using student t-test or chi-square test where appropriate.
Results: Preventable tooth loss occurred more commonly at the age of 41 to 50 years of life. Low educational level and anatomic location of the tooth (anterior/posterior positioning) were more significantly associated with the loss of tooth that can be saved at the time of the visit. Extraction of the mandibular right first molar tooth was significantly more on patient request compared to other teeth. Social disbelief was a major factor in opting for patients to choose extraction over teeth preservation.
Conclusions: Additional care and counseling are required whenever risk factors such as: age group (41 to 50 years), low educational level, attrition and abrasion, endodontic failures, and treatment of first molars are present.
RESEARCH OF THE SETTLEMENT OF PRAGUE-KORCHAK CULTURE IN RIVNE CITY
Authors: Voitiuk O. P. , Pryshchepa B. A. 
Published: November 2021

The paper introduces into scientific circulation the results of research of the objects of Early Slavs of the Prague-Korchak culture in a multi-layered settlement in the southern part of Rivne city. The settlement is located on the eastern shore of the Basiv Kut Reservoir, on the oval hill measuring 220 Ч 120 m. The first finds of the Early Middle Ages were discovered here by V. K. Piasetskyi in 1989. In 2019, the excavations were carried out on the area of 590 m2; the housing and storage pit of the Prague-Korchak culture have been discovered. The quadrangular foundation pit of 3.5 Ч 3.5 m square was sunk into the earth to the 0.3—0.4 m from detection level. The remains of stone stove made on the wooden frame were located in the northern corner of the dwelling. Such semi-dugout dwellings with the stove in one of corners was the main type of residential buildings in the population of the Prague-Korchak culture. The pillar holes found in the corners of the foundation pit and in the middle of the walls indicate the frame-pillar construction of the wooden walls. Among the stones from the destroyed stove and on the earthen floor in the central part of the foundation pit of the dwelling the remains of nine clay pots were found. We managed to reconstruct the full profiles of seven of them; two else vessels are represented by the profiles of the upper parts. The pots from the dwelling have a conical body, weakly marked shoulder, scarcely marked neck and short rim. The surface of the item is insufficiently smoothed and bumpy. The admixtures in the clay are mostly of small and medium size, with added fireclay, grus and sand. By their size the vessels are divided into small (1), medium (5) and large (3). All pots from the dwelling belong to variants 1—3 of the first type according to I. P. Rusanova’s classification. This combination is typical of the early monuments of the Prague-Korchak culture. The analysis allows attributing the ceramic complex from Rivne to phaze 1 according to I. O. Havritukhin and to date it as belonging to the second half of 5th — mid-6th centuries. The settlement was not large; two or three farmsteads could simultaneously exist there. They were located at a distance of 100—150 m from each other.
FARMSTEADS OF THE SALTIV CULTURAL HISTORICAL COMMUNITY ON MOKHNACH П SETTLEMENT: SELECTION CRITERIA AND HOUSEHOLD STRUCTURE
Authors: Koloda V. V. 
Published: November 2021

Farmstead planning of Mokhnach П settlement during the time of existence of the Saltiv cultural historical community within the second half of the 8th — mid-9th centuries is analyzed in the paper. The settlement was included into the residential agglomeration (microregion) with the center in Mokhnach hillfort. Some categories of household living buildings and ways of their location in relation to this or other dwelling are distinguished within the bounds of the largest excavation site 1. Generally, 36 Saltiv sites were identified on the mentioned area; among them there are 4 dwellings, 4 slightly deepened household buildings, 3 summer kitchens, 4 constructions for harvest storage (1 vault, 2 cellars and 1 box room) and 21 household pits (two of them were used to prepare clay for ceramics production). The planography analysis of the present complexes of the excavation site 1 allows to admit that in the south eastern part of the settlement there were 4 farmsteads that belonged to separate families which did their own housekeeping. The usable area was not large (12—18 m2). It points to the fact that a so-called «small family» consisting of 4—6 persons owned a certain household. Borderlines of these farmsteads do not overlap one another — it shows that they coexisted together at the same time. There is enough space for passage of people or transport vehicles between the farmsteads. Structure of household buildings is generally similar. The dwelling was accompanied by a slightly deepened household building, a summer kitchen, a construction for harvest storage, and a certain amount of household pits.
At the same time, some differences are also can be observed. In two cases (farmstead 2, 4), a small household pit located very close to a household building has been discovered. In the farmsted 3 no summer kitchen was identified, and in the farmstead 1 no construction for harvest storage was found as well. In three other cases (farmsteads 2—4), buildings for harvest storage differed between one another by a form, construction and storage capacity. In the each farmstead the amount of household pits that could coexist at the same time did not exceed 5 units.
Thus, it can be noticed that the square of the identified farmsteads, the characteristics of the household buildings, amount of supportive household pits and their location point to the quite convenient organization of the living space and the opportunity to do housekeeping successfully.
COINS FROM EXCAVATIONS AT THE «T-4» SECTOR IN OLBIA
Authors: Kozlenko R. O. , Sheiko I. M. , Reuter A. 
Published: November 2021

Coins from the excavations of the «T-4» site in 2018—2020, located in the Terrace City of Olbia, are introduced into scientific circulation. The total number of coins found during three years of research is 154 items, half of which are dolphin-shaped coins. These include a treasure of coins and bronze items, which, in particular, contained 26 casted dolphin-shaped coins. The coin in the shape of a «wheel» from the West Pontic city of Istria also belongs to the Classical period. Coins of the Hellenistic era from the excavations at the «T-4» sector are represented by denominations with images of Apollo, Demeter and the eagle on a dolphin, Tyche in a crown in the shape of a tower and an archer, and borysthenes coins. Among the numismatic monuments of this time is a rare coin of the city of byzantium of the IV c. BC, which confirms the evidence of the Olbian inscription (НО 9) on trade contacts between these cities during the Hellenistic period.
The latest coins of the pre-Getae Olbia are represented by coins of the Asia Minor city of Amis, which are dated by the end of the II — the first half of the I c. BC. These are tetrachalkos with images of the Ares head in a helmet and a sword in sheath, and Aegis with the head of Medusa and Nike. Their appearance in Olbia is associated with the inclusion of the city in the Pontic state of Mithradates VI Eupator, in particular the localization of the Pontic garrison in Olbia.
Coins of Roman times are represented by Olbian assarius such as Zeus / eagle of the middle of the I c. AD, dupondius of the second half of the II c, AD and a tressis depicting the Roman Empress Julia Mamaeia, which belongs to the last series of monetary units of the Olbian autonomous minting. In general, the available numismatic material from the excavations of the T-4 site is dated from the second half of the VI c. BC, and until the cessation of coinage in the second third of the III c. AD, i. e. covers all major chronological periods of existence of Olbian polis.
Signless Laplacian determination of a family of double starlike trees
Authors: Sharafdini R. , Abdian A. Z. , Behmaram A. 
Published: November 2021

UDC 517.9Two graphs are said to be -cospectral if they have the same signless Laplacian spectrum.A graph is said to be <em>DQS</em> if there are no other nonisomorphic graphs -cospectral with it. A tree is called double starlike if it has exactly two vertices of degree greater than 2.Let with denote the double starlike tree obtained by attaching pendant vertices to one pendant vertex of the path and pendant vertices to the other pendant vertex of In this paper, we prove that is <em>DQS</em> for
A Candidate Kiloparsec-scale Quasar Pair at z = 5.66
Authors: Yue Minghao , Fan Xiaohui , Yang Jinyi , Wang Feige 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We report the discovery of a close quasar pair candidate at z = 5.66, J2037–4537. J2037–4537 is resolved into two quasar images at the same redshift in ground-based observations. Follow-up spectroscopy shows significant differences in both the continuum slopes and emission line properties of the two images. The two quasar images have a projected separation of 1.″24 (7.3 kpc at z = 5.66) and a redshift difference of Δz ≲ 0.01. High-resolution images taken by the Hubble Space Telescope do not detect the foreground lensing galaxy. The observational features of J2037–4537 strongly disfavor the lensing hypothesis. If J2037–4537 is a physical quasar pair, it indicates a quasar clustering signal of ∼105 at a separation of ∼10 proper kpc (pkpc), and gives the first observational constraint on the pair fraction of z > 5 quasars, f
pair(r < 30 pkpc) > 0.3%. The properties of J2037–4537 are consistent with those of merger-triggered quasar pairs in hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy mergers.
Archéologie des produits de la ruche : le cas des contenants archéologiques
Authors: Frère Dominique , Corbineau Rémi 
Published: November 2021

L’archéologie des produits de la ruche est un domaine scientifique qui reste encore à développer. Hormis quelques très rares cas de découvertes de rayons de ruches et de cire, les produits de la ruche ne laissent habituellement pas de traces matérielles visibles. La palynologie ainsi que la chimie biomoléculaire peuvent apporter des indices précieux mais qui sont toujours difficiles à interpréter. La concentration de pollens de telle ou telle plante indique-t-elle la présence de miel, d’hydromel ou peut-il y avoir une autre explication ? La cire d’abeille révélée par les analyses chimiques est-elle révélatrice du contenu du vase (cire, miel, hydromel), de l’imperméabilisation de ses parois internes ou de l’existence d’un bouchon ?
The effect of fairy shrimp “branchoneta” (Dendrocephalus brasiliensis) as the initial diet of tambaqui postlarvae
Authors: Daltro Aline  da Cruz , Macedo Carla Fernandes , Serafim-Junior Moacyr , Brandão Luan Lucas Leal , Gauthier Nathália Byrro 
Published: November 2021

The effect of fairy shrimp “branchoneta” as the first exogenous feed for tambaqui postlarvae was evaluated. A hundred and eighty larvae were distributed in 12 aquariums, containing 1.5L of water and the stocking density was 10 larvae per liter. The trials lasted for 20 days and postlarvae were submitted to three diets (T1: Commercial feed, T2: branchoneta, and T3: Commercial feed with branchoneta), with a completely randomized design with four replicates for each treatment. During the trials, the water quality parameters were kept within ideal conditions for the species. The tambaqui postlarvae submitted to T2 and T3 showed better survival rates respectively. Regarding the postlarval development, larvae fed with only branchoneta had a better final weight (3.48 mg), daily weight gain (0.14 mg day-1), and the best specific growth rate (8.62%). The results also showed that the tambaqui postlarvae fed with only commercial feed developed less efficiently due to lower rates of survival and growth. The present study indicates that the branchoneta promoted greater development and survival rates of the tambaqui postlarvae and therefore, it presents good potential as a live food for the species.