bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patellar Size Variation at the Quadriceps Tendon–Bone Block Harvest Site: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study to Evaluate the Safe Zone for Harvesting a Sufficient Bone Block
Authors: Negrin Lukas L. , Zeitler Cornelia , Hofbauer Marcus 
Published: October 2021

Background: Quadriceps tendon (QT) autografts with and without a bone block are the least studied and least used options for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery. In particular, there is a lack of literature describing patellar anatomy. Until now, guidelines for patellar bone block harvesting have been based solely on personal experience. In this study, we intended to derive recommendations from physical regularities and objective criteria. Purpose: To determine the maximal, individual-related length and depth of the bone block that can be safely harvested and to provide guidelines to help surgeons make decisions on graft choice. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: The study group consisted of 50 male participants and 50 female participants (mean age, 29.4 ± 7.9 years) who underwent 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging of their knee. Patellar height was determined at the center of the middle third of the QT insertion on the patella and the medial and lateral endpoints; the depth was measured at the midpoints of the respective heights. Results: The mean width of the QT and the mean thickness were 49.0 ± 7.6 and 7.3 ± 1.0 mm, respectively. The mean patellar thickness in reference to the medial endpoint, the center, and the lateral endpoint was 18.3 ± 2.4, 17.9 ± 2.3, and 15.1 ± 2.3 mm, respectively, whereas the mean patellar height was 35.1 ± 4.1, 36.7 ± 4.2, and 35.1 ± 3.9 mm. In general, the tendon and patellar dimensions were significantly larger in male participants than in female participants ( P = .016). Conclusion: Bone block harvesting, with its depth not exceeding 50% of the patellar thickness and its length accounting for <50% of the patellar height, poses the least risk for a patellar fracture when located medial to midline. If the bone block is excised from the medial half of the central area (the latter is defined by the middle third of the QT insertion), with the outer edge of the saw positioned at the medial border of the central area, a graft of 15 mm length, 10 mm width, and 8 mm depth can be safely harvested in all White male participants and almost all female participants taller than 165 cm, according to our findings. Clinical Relevance: This is the first study presenting recommendations for patellar bone block harvesting at the quadriceps tendon insertionbased on physical regularities and objective criteria and not on personal experience.
Biceps Tenodesis as an Attractive Alternative to Superior Labral Anterior-Posterior (SLAP) Repair for Type II SLAP Lesions in Active-Duty Military Patients Younger Than 35 Years
Authors: Parnes Nata , Dunn John C. , Czajkowski Hunter , DeFranco Michael J. , Green Clare K. , Scanaliato John P. 
Published: October 2021

Background: Biceps tenodesis has been suggested as a superior surgical technique compared with isolated labral repair for superior labral anterior-posterior (SLAP) tears in patients older than 35 years. The superiority of this procedure in younger patients, however, is yet to be determined. Purpose: To compare the outcomes of arthroscopic SLAP repair with those of arthroscopic-assisted subpectoral biceps tenodesis for type II SLAP tears in active-duty military patients younger than 35 years. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Preoperative and postoperative evaluations with a minimum 5-year follow-up including the visual analog scale (VAS), the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE), and the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) shoulder score were administered, and scores were compared between 2 groups of patients younger than 35 years. One group included 25 patients who underwent SLAP repair, and the second group included 23 patients who underwent arthroscopic-assisted subpectoral biceps tenodesis. Results: The preoperative patient age ( P = .3639), forward flexion ( P = .8214), external rotation ( P = .5134), VAS pain score ( P = .4487), SANE score ( P = .6614), and ASES score ( P = .6519) did not vary significantly between the 2 study groups. Both groups demonstrated statistically significant increases in function as measured by the ASES and SANE and decreases in pain as measured by the VAS at a minimum of 5 years postoperatively. Also at a minimum of 5 years postoperatively, patients in the tenodesis group had lower pain (1.3 vs 2.6, respectively; P = .0358) and higher SANE (84.0 vs 63.3, respectively; P = .0001) and ASES (85.7 vs 75.4, respectively; P = .0342) scores compared with those in the repair group. Failure rate was 20.0% in the repair group versus 0.0% in the tenodesis group ( P = .0234). Conclusion: Active-duty military patients younger than 35 years with type II SLAP tears had more predictable improvement in pain, better functional outcomes, and lower failure rates after biceps tenodesis compared with SLAP repair for type II SLAP tears. Overall, the results of this study indicate that arthroscopic- assisted subpectoral biceps tenodesis is superior to arthroscopic SLAP repair for the treatment of type II SLAP tears in military patients younger than 35 years.
A First Report of HCTZ and Dicyclomine Induced Uncharacteristic Contraction Alkalosis
Authors: Eid Tony J. , Horton Matthew , Hendrix Claire , Yu Janie M. , Browning Elizabeth A. , Malhotra Ashim 
Published: October 2021

Background: Contraction alkalosis is characterized by low serum sodium and chloride and high serum carbon dioxide and bicarbonate levels. Case Report: A 28-year-old Caucasian active-duty male with a history of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and diarrhea-predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome (D-IBS) presented to his primary care provider (PCP) with elevated blood pressure (136/96 mmHg), was diagnosed with stage-2 hypertension, and started oral HCTZ (25 mg/day). His medications included dicyclomine (10 mg oral three times daily). Subsequently, (Visit 1), his blood pressure was 130/91 mmHg and he was started on telmisartan (20 mg/day). At Visit 2, 4 weeks later, his blood pressure improved (121/73 mmHg); however, blood chemistry revealed elevated serum CO2 (32 mEq/L) and chloride (94 mmol/L). Four days later, the patient presented to the Emergency Department with dyspnea and swallowing difficulty. The patient returned to his PCP 3 days later complaining of cough, congestion, vomiting, and mild dyspnea, blood pressure of 124/84 mmHg. Two months later, sudden onset of projectile vomiting and abdominal pain while running was reported, resolved by rehydration and a single oral dose of prochlorperazine 25 mg. Three months later, (Visit 3), he complained of lightheadedness and cloudy judgment, suggesting contraction alkalosis. HCTZ was discontinued and telmisartan was increased to 20 mg twice daily. A follow-up blood chemistry panel 2 weeks later revealed serum chloride and CO2 levels within normal limits and blood pressure under 130/80 mmHg. Conclusion: This is the first known report of contraction alkalosis driven by drug–drug interaction between dicyclomine and HCTZ.
Probable Dexmedetomidine Induced Diabetes Insipidus: A Case Review
Authors: Vani Sonika , Stackpole Abbey , Kovacevic Mary P. 
Published: October 2021

What is known and objective: Despite increased use of dexmedetomidine as a light sedative in the ICU setting, diabetes insipidus (DI) secondary to a dexmedetomidine infusion has rarely been reported. Case summary: We present a 32-year-old male admitted to the surgical intensive care unit (ICU) with 50% total body surface area burn. A short time following initiation (0.2 mcg/kg/hr) and up-titration (0.8 mcg/kg/hr) of dexmedetomidine continuous infusion, the patient developed DI, eventually exceeding 3 L of urine within a 6-hour timeframe. Excessive polyuria also led to significant electrolyte shifts (serum sodium 156 mmol/L and serum potassium < 1.8 mmol/L), resulting in Torsade’s de Pointes. What is new and conclusion: Our case discusses diabetes insipidus leading to severe electrolyte abnormalities secondary to dexmedetomidine.
Evaluating Experiences of Stress and Coping Among African American Women During the COVID-19 Pandemic to Inform Future Interventions
Authors: Sweeney Allison M. , Wilson Dawn K. , Zarrett Nicole , Brown Asia , Quattlebaum Mary , Gorman Brianna , Loncar Haylee 
Published: October 2021

Background African American (AA) women experience disproportionate levels of chronic disease, which is theorized to be driven by greater exposure to acute and chronic stress. The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has further exacerbated existing health disparities among AA communities. Understanding how AA women have experienced and responded to stress during the pandemic may help to inform how future interventions can better address physical and mental well-being in AA communities. Aims Drawing from stress and coping models and an ecological framework, the present study conducted a theory-based qualitative assessment of stress-related experiences during the pandemic among a cohort of AA women, including (1) sources of stress, (2) coping strategies, (3) perceptions of health-related behaviors, (4) the role of community, and (5) recommendations for future interventions. Method After completing a group-based physical activity intervention program during the COVID-19 pandemic, a cohort of AA women ( N =17, Mage= 49.3 ± 11.24) completed individual interviews. Sessions were conducted by phone, audiotaped, transcribed, and coded by independent raters ( rs = .71–.73). Themes were identified using deductive and inductive approaches. Results Among sources of stress directly related to the pandemic, being at home, getting sick, and homeschooling/parenting were the most frequently discussed themes. Participants engaged in active coping (problem and emotion-focused), with health behaviors, social support, and religion/spirituality, emerging as frequently discussed themes. Although some participants reported passive coping strategies (e.g., avoidance), this approach was less pronounced. Conclusions These qualitative results are used to guide suggestions for future interventions that jointly address stress and health-related behaviors in order to improve translation of research into practice and policy for future pandemics and disasters.
Evolving Medical Imaging Techniques for the Assessment of Delayed Graft Function: A Narrative Review
Authors: Hysi Eno , Kaur Harmandeep , Young Ann 
Published: October 2021

Purpose of review: Delayed graft function (DGF) is a significant complication that contributes to poorer graft function and shortened graft survival. In this review, we sought to evaluate the current and emerging role of medical imaging modalities in the assessment of DGF and how it may guide clinical management. Sources of information: PubMed, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrial.gov up until February 2021. Methods: This narrative review first examined the pathophysiology of DGF and current clinical management. We then summarized relevant studies that utilized medical imaging to assess posttransplant renal complications, namely, DGF. We focused our attention on noninvasive, evolving imaging modalities with the greatest potential for clinical translation, including contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Key findings: A kidney biopsy in the setting of DGF can be used to assess the degree of ischemic renal injury and to rule out acute rejection. Biopsies are accompanied by complications and may be limited by sampling bias. Early studies on CEUS and MRI have shown their potential to distinguish between the 2 most common causes of DGF (acute tubular necrosis and acute rejection), but they have generally included only small numbers of patients and have not kept pace with more recent technical advances of these imaging modalities. There remains unharnessed potential with CEUS and MRI, and more robust clinical studies are needed to better evaluate their role in the current era. Limitations: The adaptation of emerging approaches for imaging DGF will depend on additional clinical trials to study the feasibility and diagnostic test characteristics of a given modality. This is limited by access to devices, technical competence, and the need for interdisciplinary collaborations to ensure that such studies are well designed to appropriately inform clinical decision-making.
Effects of Aspiration Prevention Surgery on the Dynamics of the Pharynx and Upper Esophageal Sphincter
Authors: Ueha Rumi , Sato Taku , Goto Takao , Koyama Misaki , Yamauchi Akihito , Mizukami Aiko , Yamasoba Tatsuya 
Published: October 2021

ObjectiveOral intake after aspiration prevention surgery (APS) is influenced by postoperative pharyngeal pressure and the dynamics of the upper esophageal sphincter (UES). We examined the effects of less invasive APS combined with UES relaxation techniques (laryngeal closure with cricopharyngeal myotomy [LC‐CPM] and central‐part laryngectomy [CPL]) on pharyngeal pressure and UES dynamics.Study DesignRetrospective, observational study.SettingSingle center.MethodsWe assessed the high‐resolution pharyngeal manometric parameters of patients who underwent APS from 2018 to 2020. Then, we compared the effects of bilateral cricopharyngeal myotomy (combined with LC: LC‐CPM group) and total cricoidectomy (CPL group) on both pharyngeal pressure and UES dynamics pre‐ and postoperatively.ResultsEighteen patients (median age, 68 years; 17 men [94%]) were enrolled. Primary diseases associated with severe aspiration were neuromuscular disorders in 13, stroke in 3, and others in 2 patients. Pharyngeal swallowing pressure did not significantly change before and after APS. UES resting pressure and UES relaxation duration were significantly reduced (P <. 001) and prolonged (P <. 001), respectively, after APS. Only the CPL group (8 patients: median 62 years, all men) showed an increase in the velopharyngeal closure integral after APS (P <. 05). More prolonged UES relaxation duration was recognized postoperatively in the CPL group (P <. 01) than in the LC‐CPM group.ConclusionLess invasive APS minimally affects pharyngeal swallowing pressure, decreases UES resting pressure, and prolongs UES relaxation duration. CPL may be more effective for postoperative UES relaxation in patients with a short UES relaxation time.
Minimal important change and responsiveness of the Migraine Disability Assessment Score (MIDAS) questionnaire
Authors: Carvalho Gabriela F. , Luedtke Kerstin , Braun Tobias 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
The MIDAS is the most used questionnaire to evaluate migraine-related disability, but its utility to assess treatment response remains unclear. Our aim was to estimate the MIDAS’ minimal important change (MIC) value and its responsiveness.

Methods
A total of 103 patients were enrolled in a non-pharmacological, preference-based clinical trial. MIDAS and global rating of self-perceived change (GRoC) scores were collected at baseline, after 5 weeks of treatment, 4-weeks and 3-months follow-up after treatment. Anchor-based approaches were used to establish MIC values and responsiveness.

Findings
In all 3 timepoint comparisons, MIDAS presented a MIC of 4.5 points. A moderate positive correlation was identified between the MIDAS change and GRoC scores. The area under the curve ranged from 0.63 to 0.68.

Conclusions
This study showed that MIDAS has a limited responsiveness to change. A change of 4.5 points or more represents a clinically important change for patients with high frequent migraine and chronic migraine receiving non-pharmacological treatment.
Rice miR1432 Fine-Tunes the Balance of Yield and Blast Disease Resistance via Different Modules
Authors: Li Yan , Zheng Ya-Ping , Zhou Xin-Hui , Yang Xue-Mei , He Xiao-Rong , Feng Qin , Zhu Yong , Li Guo-Bang , Wang He , Zhao Jing-Hao , Hu Xiao-Hong , Pu Mei , Zhou Shi-Xin , Ji Yun-Peng , Zhao Zhi-Xue , Zhang Ji-Wei , Huang Yan-Yan , Fan Jing , Zhang Ling-Li , Wang Wen-Ming 
Published: October 2021

AbstractmicroRNAs act as fine-tuners in the regulation of plant growth and resistance against biotic and abiotic stress. Here we demonstrate that rice miR1432 fine-tunes yield and blast disease resistance via different modules. Overexpression of miR1432 leads to compromised resistance and decreased yield, whereas blocking miR1432 using a target mimic of miR1432 results in enhanced resistance and yield. miR1432 suppresses the expression ofLOC_Os03g59790, which encodes an EF-hand family protein 1 (OsEFH1). Overexpression ofOsEFH1leads to enhanced rice resistance but decreased grain yield. Further study revealed that miR1432 andOsEFH1are differentially responsive to chitin, a fungus-derived pathogen/microbe-associated molecular pattern (PAMP/MAMP). Consistently, blocking miR1432 or overexpression ofOsEFH1improves chitin-triggered immunity responses. In contrast, overexpression ofACOT, another target gene regulating rice yield traits, has no significant effects on rice blast disease resistance. Altogether, these results indicate that miR1432 balances yield and resistance via different target genes, and blocking miR1432 can simultaneously improve yield and resistance.
Using neural networks to support high-quality evidence mapping
Authors: Røst Thomas B. , Slaughter Laura , Nytrø Øystein , Muller Ashley E. , Vist Gunn E. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
The Living Evidence Map Project at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH) gives an updated overview of research results and publications. As part of NIPH’s mandate to inform evidence-based infection prevention, control and treatment, a large group of experts are continously monitoring, assessing, coding and summarising new COVID-19 publications. Screening tools, coding practice and workflow are incrementally improved, but remain largely manual.

Results
This paper describes how deep learning methods have been employed to learn classification and coding from the steadily growing NIPH COVID-19 dashboard data, so as to aid manual classification, screening and preprocessing of the rapidly growing influx of new papers on the subject. Our main objective is to make manual screening scalable through semi-automation, while ensuring high-quality Evidence Map content.

Conclusions
We report early results on classifying publication topic and type from titles and abstracts, showing that even simple neural network architectures and text representations can yield acceptable performance.
Epigenetic interplay between methylation and miRNA in bladder cancer: focus on isoform expression
Authors: Shivakumar Manu , Han Seonggyun , Lee Younghee , Kim Dokyoon 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Various epigenetic factors are responsible for the non-genetic regulation on gene expression. The epigenetically dysregulated oncogenes or tumor suppressors by miRNA and/or DNA methylation are often observed in cancer cells. Each of these epigenetic regulators has been studied well in cancer progressions; however, their mutual regulatory relationship in cancer still remains unclear. In this study, we propose an integrative framework to systematically investigate epigenetic interactions between miRNA and methylation at the alternatively spliced mRNA level in bladder cancer. Each of these epigenetic regulators has been studied well in cancer progressions; however, their mutual regulatory relationship in cancer still remains unclear.

Results
The integrative analyses yielded 136 significant combinations (methylation, miRNA and isoform). Further, overall survival analysis on the 136 combinations based on methylation and miRNA, high and low expression groups resulted in 13 combinations associated with survival. Additionally, different interaction patterns were examined.

Conclusions
Our study provides a higher resolution of molecular insight into the crosstalk between two epigenetic factors, DNA methylation and miRNA. Given the importance of epigenetic interactions and alternative splicing in cancer, it is timely to identify and understand the underlying mechanisms based on epigenetic markers and their interactions in cancer, leading to alternative splicing with primary functional impact.
Complete genomes of the eukaryotic poultry parasite Histomonas meleagridis: linking sequence analysis with virulence / attenuation
Authors: Palmieri Nicola , de Jesus Ramires Marcelo , Hess Michael , Bilic Ivana 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Histomonas meleagridis is a protozoan parasite and the causative agent of histomonosis, an important poultry disease whose significance is underlined by the absence of any treatment and prophylaxis. The recent successful in vitro attenuation of the parasite urges questions about the underlying mechanisms.

Results
Whole genome sequence data from a virulent and an attenuated strain originating from the same parental lineage of H. meleagridis were recruited using Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) and Illumina platforms, which were combined to generate megabase-sized contigs with high base-level accuracy. Inspecting the genomes for differences identified two substantial deletions within a coding sequence of the attenuated strain. Additionally, one single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and indel targeting coding sequences caused the formation of premature stop codons, which resulted in the truncation of two genes in the attenuated strain. Furthermore, the genome of H. meleagridis was used for characterizing protein classes of clinical relevance for parasitic protists. The comparative analysis with the genomes of Trichomonas vaginalis, Tritrichomonas foetus and Entamoeba histolytica identified ~ 2700 lineage-specific gene losses and 9 gene family expansions in the H. meleagridis lineage.

Conclusions
Taken as a whole, the obtained data provide the first hints to understand the molecular basis of attenuation in H. meleagridis and constitute a genomics platform for future research on this important poultry pathogen.
Clinical features and risk factors analysis of bronchitis obliterans due to refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children: a nomogram prediction model
Authors: Cheng Qi , Zhang Han , Shang Yunxiao , Zhao Yuetong , Zhang Ye , Zhuang Donglin , Cai Xuxu , Chen Ning 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundEarly prediction of bronchitis obliterans (BO) is of great significance to the improvement of the long-term prognosis of children caused by refractoryMycoplasma pneumoniaepneumonia (RMPP). This study aimed to establish a nomogram model to predict the risk of BO in children due to RMPP.MethodsA retrospective observation was conducted to study the clinical data of children with RMPP (1–14 years old) during acute infection. According to whether there is BO observed in the bronchoscope, children were divided into BO and the non-BO groups. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to construct the nomogram model.ResultsOne hundred and forty-one children with RMPP were finally included, of which 65 (46.0%) children with RMPP were complicated by BO. According to the multivariate logistic regression analysis, WBC count, ALB level, consolidation range exceeding 2/3 of lung lobes, timing of macrolides, glucocorticoids or fiber bronchoscopy and plastic bronchitis were independent influencing factors for the occurrence of BO and were incorporated into the nomogram. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) value of nomogram was 0.899 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.848–0.950). The Hosmer–Lemeshow test showed good calibration of the nomogram (p = 0.692).ConclusionA nomogram model found by seven risk factor was successfully constructed and can use to early prediction of children with BO due to RMPP.