bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relation between Dairy Calcium Intake, Bone Mineral Density and Lipids in Obese Post‐Menopausal Women
Authors: Mamed Narmina , Beeson Lawrence , Fakhrawi Dina , Darnel Alan , Cordero-MacIntyre Zaida 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveTo assess the relationship between lipids and BMD in obese postmenopausal women placed on a dairy calcium weight‐reduction diet.MethodsAnalysis of data performed on 56 obese postmenopausal women (mean age: 55.61±8.19; mean BMI: 32.95±6.12 kg/m2; mean weight: 86.88±17.25; and mean BMD level: 1.05±0.17 gms/cm2) randomly distributed into a Low Calcium (800 mg/d) or High Calcium (1400 mg/d) diet to evaluate differences in BMD, body mass index (BMI) and lipid profiles (total cholesterol (TC), low‐density lipoproteins (LDL), high‐density lipoproteins (HDL), and triglycerides(TG)).ResultsSignificant reduction for combined treatments in BMI : −0.72±1.02 kg/m2, 95% CI: (−0.99, −0.44) (p <0.001); LDL : −18.14±33.55 mg/dL, 95% CI (−27.12, −9.15) (p <0.001); and TC : −81.82±139.59 mg/dL, 95% CI (−137.04, −26.59) (p=0.005). Significant increase in HDL : 3.79±11.51 mg/dL, 95% CI (0.65, 6.93) (p=0.019). Treatment effect for HighCal: ΔBMD : 0.03 (p=0.16); ΔLDL, ΔTC and ΔTG: −25.41 (p=0.11), −22.14(p=0.07) and −2.65(p=0.64), respectively. LowCal: ΔBMD : −0.04 (p=0.16); ΔLDL, ΔTC and ΔTG: −10.86 (p=0.11), −5.96(p=0.07) and 4.53(p=0.64), respectively. ΔBMD was correlated with ΔLDL and ΔTC : −0.27377 (p=0.0519) and −0.27133 (p=0.0541), respectively.ConclusionObserved decrease in BMI, LDL, and TC; and increase in HDL. There was a weak correlation between Δ BMD, LDL and TC.Sponsor: Loma Linda University
Nutrient Intake among Children with Autism
Authors: Moore Erin , Crook Tina , James Jill , Gonzales Dana , Hakkak Reza 
Published: June 2021

Questions remain about potential nutrition deficits associated with autism. The purpose of this study was to determine if children with autistic disorder have adequate nutrient intake and if multivitamin use (MVIU) impacts intake. Participants (n=54) in the Autism IMAGE (Integrated Metabolic and Genomic Endeavor) Study at a local children's hospital completed Block Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ) for children ages 2 to 7. FFQ results were compared to Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) and Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDR). Mean intakes for % kcals from carbohydrate, protein and fat were within AMDR at 55% (SD=7), 14% (SD=3) and 33% (SD=5), respectively. However, intakes were below DRI for calcium (75% DRI ±45) and vitamins E (77% DRI ±26) and D (25% DRI ±19). A significant, positive relationship was found between MVIU and carbohydrate (p<.05); however, no significant relationships were found between MVIU and calcium, vitamins E or D, calories, protein or fat. Our results show that diets of children with autism are lacking in some micronutrients while macronutrient intake falls within recommended ranges.Supported by 1Dept of Dietetics & Nutrition and 2LEND to JJ
Dietary patterns and hypertension among Chinese adults: a nationally representative cross‐sectional study
Authors: Wang Dong , He Yuna , Li Yanping , Luan Dechun , Yang Xiaoguang , Zhai Fengying , Ma Guansheng 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundLittle is known about the relationship between dietary patterns and hypertension among Chinese population.MethodA nationally representative sample of 23 671 participants aged 18–59 years were recruited by the 2002 China National Nutrition and Health Survey. We conducted factor analysis using information from a validated food frequency questionnaire to derive dietary patterns.ResultsThree major dietary patterns, defined as ¡®Westernˈ, ¡®traditional northernˈ, and ¡®traditional southernˈ, were identified. T he score of the Western pattern is positively associated with blood pressure, whereas the score of the traditional southern pattern is negatively associated with blood pressure. In multivariate analyses the traditional northern pattern score was associated with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.30 (95% CI 1.11–1.53, P trend = 0.0001) comparing with the lowest quartile. The OR for the top quartile of score for the traditional southern pattern was 0.73 (95% CI, 0.59–0.89, P trend = 0.0040) compared with the lowest quartile of traditional southern pattern score.ConclusionWe observed a strong positive relationship between the traditional northern pattern and hypertension. In addition, the traditional southern pattern was negatively associated with hypertension.
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) and Anthropometric Data in Two Populations of Ecuadorian Children
Authors: Chukwueke Ihuoma Okezie , Beeson Lawrence W , Castillo Fritz , Cordero-MacIntyre Zaida 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveTo make comparisons between Bioelectric Impedance Analysis (BIA) and anthropometry measurements in Ecuadorian children.MethodsSchool age Ecuadorian children (171) between 7–15 years participated in the study. Body composition, fat free mass (FFM), and percent fat mass (PFM) were predicted from height, weight, skin fold thicknesses, circumferences (arms, waist, hips, and proximal thighs) and BIA measurements. FFM and PFM of subjects were evaluated by BIA‐Tanita (Model TBF 300A) and predicted using anthropometric equations.ResultsSignificant correlations (Spearman's) were observed between Houtkooper's equation and BIA in measuring FFM (kg) (r=0.975, p=<0.0001) and between Slaughter's equation and BIA in measuring PFM (r=0.695, p=<0.0001) when combined for males and females. A Scatterplot for Houtkooper's equation vs. BIA for FFM fitted resulted in a regression line with a positive slope of 0.980 and a percentage variance of (Adj. R2=0.968). The Bland‐ Altman plots for Houtkooper's equation and BIA for FFM showed agreement between the two methods. A Scatter plot for Slaughter's anthropometric equation vs. BIA for PFM for both genders was fitted with a regression line with a positive slope of 0.778 resulted in a low percentage of variance of (adj. R2=0.559).ConclusionThere were significant correlations between BIA and anthropometric measurementsSponsor: Loma Linda University
Prepregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain as determinants of pregnancy complications and outcomes by race/ethnicity
Authors: Shin Dayeon , Song Won O. 
Published: June 2021

Women of childbearing age have become race/ethnic diverse. We aimed to identify determinants of pregnancy outcomes by women's prepregnancy BMI (ppg BMI), gestational weight gain (GWG) and race/ethnicity in 3809 women aged 13–59y in NYC PRAMS 2004–07. Using SAS 9.1, logistic regression analyses were performed adjusting for age, marital status, education, income and gestational wks. The highest rate of preterm labor was seen in Hispanics (HP; 26.9%); infant ICU, pregnancy‐induced high blood pressure (HBP) and C‐section in African Americans (AA; 44.4%, 19.4%, 42.7%, resp.); and gestational diabetes (GDM) in Asian/Pacific Islanders (API; 18.7%). Compared to normal ppg BMI, obese ppg BMI had a higher rate (p<0.05) of GDM (OR=2.49), HBP (OR=1.88), and C‐section delivery (OR=1.37); whereas underweight ppg BMI had an OR=0.5 for HBP. Excessive GWG was associated with risks of HBP (OR=1.56) and C‐section (OR=1.34). The risk rates increased by the interaction of race/ethnicity, ppg BMI and GWG: infant ICU in API underweight ppg BMI (OR=2.44); preterm labor in AA obese ppg BMI (OR=0.65); and C‐section delivery in AA excessive GWG (OR=1.73); HBP (OR=2.08) and C‐section (OR=1.76) in non‐Hispanic White obese ppg BMI; and GDM in all race/ethnic obese ppg BMI. The general one set of GWG guidelines needs to be further evaluated to improve the health of mothers and infants of diverse population.Grant Funding Source: None
The DI/MS Match: Pairing Dietetic Interns and Medical Students to Promote Interdisciplinary Team Development in Nutrition‐Related Patient Care
Authors: Wang Fling , Lee Stephanie , Judd Laura , Feldman Stephanie , Salge-Blake Joan , Lenders Carine , Gorman Kathy 
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUNDWith more Americans suffering from nutrition‐related chronic conditions, physicians have been asked to provide nutrition counseling. However, future physicians need to enhance their knowledge and recognize when to refer their patients to registered dietitians (RDs).OBJECTIVEThe Dietetic Intern/Medical Student (DI/MS) Match was created to help bridge the two professions. For the MSs, the intent was to provide personal nutrition counseling and education on the role of RDs and learn when to refer. For the DIs, the intent was to discuss drug‐nutrient interactions and pathways of diseases. These interprofessional interactions foster mutual respect and the creation of a referral network.METHODSTwo pilot iterations of this program have been executed with 7–9 DI/MS pairs in each. Both programs had 5 meetings including personal counseling sessions, restaurant visits, grocery store visits, and participant‐led lectures. The first iteration was focused on individual pair interactions while the second iteration had more of a group‐based learning focus. At the end of the program, participants filled out a feedback survey.FUTURE DIRECTIONBased on survey feedback, a third iteration is in development to combine both personal counseling and group education with activities focused on improving collaboration and interaction of MSs and DIs in an inpatient setting.
Association of Hyperthyroidism and Obesity
Authors: Saeed Kamaran Rasool , Haurami Tahir Abdulla , Mahwee Taha Osman 
Published: June 2021

ObjectivesIn this study, we present the Association of hyperthyroidism with obesity in the North region of Iraq.IntroductionThis is a cross‐sectional study and involved with occurrence of hyperthyroidism together in the obese patient.Patients and MethodsIn the period between August‐2007 & Junary‐2010 ; a total of 84 patients who presented with overweight and obesity to the Private clinical center of nutrition –out patient department and they had been diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. All patients answered a brief questionnaire that included identification data, age, and medications in use, medical history and thyroid disease history. Informed concern had been taken. They underwent clinical examination and electrocardiogram, and blood samples for thyroid function tests, investigating the thyroid hormones tri‐iodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) and sensitive thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH) and the patients sent for ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland
PSYCHOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS OF DIETARY ADHERENCE AND INTERVENTION OUTCOME IN OBESITY: SELF‐EFFICACY, DIETARY AND PHYSICAL EXERCISE COUNSELING
Authors: Trovato Guglielmo M , Martines GF , Trovato FM , Pace P , Pirri C , Tonzuso A , Catalano D 
Published: June 2021

IntroductionDietary, psychological and physical exercise counseling can affect adherence to healthy guidelines and outcome in obesity. Relationship of these factors were studied.Method40 weeks dietary and physical exercise behavioral counseling was provided to 134 non‐diabetic overweight‐obese patients (F 74, M 60), age 49.81±14.49 years, BMI 29.12±5.82.Measuresinsulin resistance (HOMA), Mediterranean Diet Adherence Score (AMDS; range 0–55) a proxy for healthy guidelines, physical activity (Baecke), self‐efficacy (GSE), stress and HAD questionnaires.ResultsA decrease of body weight (77.68±16.57 to 74.42±15.42, p<0.0001), BMI (29.12±5.82 to 27.66±5.15; p<0.0001) and HOMA (2.68±1.44 to 2.11±1.19) was observed, along with increase of self efficacy (18.05±5.32 to 19.76±5.25; p<0.0001) and of AMDS (28.90±4.65 to 31.03±4.03; p<0.0001). Greater baseline GSE is associated with greater AMDS (OR 15.81; CI 95%: 0.915–3.571); anxiety, depression and perceived stress are associated with lower AMDS. Multiple Linear Regression model (p<0.0001) explains 28.1 % of variance to AMDS by GSE and physical activity increase. Nutritional‐psychological counseling favorable outcome (BMI and HOMA decrease) is explained by GSE and AMDS increase.ConclusionBehavioral counseling focused on physical exercise and self‐efficacy enhances dietary adherence and weight loss in obesity.
Acute effects of pistachios on glucose, insulin, gut hormones and satiety in persons with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Kendall Cyril WC , Campbell Janice , Jenkins Alexandra L , Jenkins David JA 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundNut consumption has been found to decrease risk of CHD and diabetes, and to promote healthy body weights, possibly related to their favorable macronutrient profile.Methods20 subjects with metabolic syndrome as defined by NCEP ATP III guidelines were recruited. Each subject participated in a total of 5 breakfast study meals over 5–10wks. Study meal order was randomized. Meals were consumed after an overnight fast. Meal 1 was a control meal of white bread (50g available CHO). Meals 2 (white bread, butter and cheese) and 3 (white bread plus 3oz pistachios) had similar macronutrient profiles. Meals 4 (white bread) and 5 (3oz pistachios alone) had the same amount of available CHO (12g).Results and ConclusionsThe addition of pistachios to a carbohydrate meal decreased postprandial glucose levels similar to other sources of fat and protein but may have insulin sparing properties. Pistachios consumed alone appeared to increase GIP and GLP‐1 levels. Both insulin sparing and increased GLP‐1 levels associated with pistachio consumption may be beneficial properties for individuals with diabetes and metabolic syndrome.Supported by the American Pistachio Growers
The effect of before meal consumption of fluid milks and substitutes on short‐term food intake, appetite and glycemic response in healthy young men and women
Authors: Panahi Shirin , Luhovyy Bohdan L. , Liu Ting Ting , Akhavan Tina , Anderson G. Harvey 
Published: June 2021

We hypothesized that consuming milk before and between meals compared with substitutes or orange juice is better for appetite and glycemic control. Two experiments compared the effect of consuming at 30 (Experiment 1) or 120 min (Experiment 2) before a pizza meal, isovolumetric (500 ml) amounts of water, soy beverage (SB; 200 kcal), 2% milk (M; 260 kcal), 1% chocolate milk (CM; 340 kcal), orange juice (OJ; 229 kcal) and cow's milk‐based infant formula (IF; 368 kcal) on appetite, food intake (FI) and blood glucose (BG) before and after a meal in healthy young men and women. Compared to water, all preloads reduced pre‐meal appetite (P = 0.0008). Pre‐meal ingestion of CM and IF reduced FI by 14% (880 ± 72 kcal) and 12% (905 ± 79 kcal), respectively (P = 0.0007) compared to water (1022 ± 75 kcal) at 30 min, but no preloads reduced FI at 2 h. Blood glucose was higher after CM than other caloric preloads from 0 to 30 min and after CM and OJ from 0 to 120 min (P < 0.0001). Only M reduced post‐meal BG in both experiments (P < 0.0001) and its effects were independent of meal time energy intake. Overall pre‐ and post‐meal BG was lower after M than after CM and OJ, but did not differ from water or IF (P = 0.005). Thus, pre‐meal consumption of 2% milk provided better glycemic response than other beverages, however, calorie content and inter‐meal intervals were primary determinants of their effects on FI.Grant Funding Source: Dairy Farmers of Ontario, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and Kraft Canada
Impact of Brewing Conditions on the Antioxidant Capacity of Green Tea
Authors: Sharpe Erica , Bradley Ryan 
Published: June 2021

The polyphenolic compounds in green tea, have well established antioxidant activity, which may be responsible for the health benefits of drinking green tea described in research literature.ObjectiveTo measure the impact of infusion conditions on the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) of several green teas.MethodsA fluorescence‐based ORAC assay was developed and validated. Infusion conditions were varied systematically; including temperature, duration, source, variety, brewing environment, and preparation method. Antioxidant capacity results were calculated in units of mM Trolox/g tea based on standard Trolox equivalents. We also describe a new measure of total inherent antioxidant potential (TI‐ORAC), defined as the area under the ORAC curve over a standard number of infusions.ResultsBrewing time, and tea source, had a significant impact on single infusion ORAC values, while time between brews and temperature had minimal impact on ORAC. TI‐ORAC varied considerably across varieties of green tea; and between two environments.ConclusionsInfusion conditions impact the ORAC of green tea, which may impact its health benefits. TI‐ORAC may be a novel assay to consider in continued research of tea and other natural products. This research was supported by grant number 5T32 AT00815‐03 from the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine.
Nutrition and spatial characteristics among women living in Kurdistan, Iraq
Authors: Pawloski Lisa Renee , Curtin Kevin , Ahmad Hamdia , Rasheed Taban 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveTo examine the nutrition and spatial characteristics among women living in the Region of Kurdistan, Iraq.MethodsAnthropometric, nutrition, geographic, socioeconomic, and activity data were collected from 1023 healthy women studying and/or working at the University of Salahhadin in Erbil, Iraq.ResultsIndicators of underweight were found in 3.4% of the sample and 44% were found to be either overweight or obese. Women who reported traveling less than 15 minutes or greater than 45 minutes to get to school or work had greater BMIs than those who reported commutes between 15 and 45 minutes. Further, women who reported longer commutes had greater waist/hip ratios. No statistically significant results were revealed concerning the kind of transportation used. The spatial statistics further support the findings revealing spatial patterns of obesity and home location.ConclusionsThe findings are significant as they support growing literature that commuting and urban sprawl are related to the rise in obesity. Further, they are important as no such analyses have been conducted in Kurdistan concerning the nutritional status of women, nor have they been conducted using geographic methods. This research was supported by the Center for Global Studies and Provost's Office, George Mason University.
Human gut microbiota changes after consumption of almonds or pistachios
Authors: Mai Volker , Fredborg Marlene , Ukhanova Maria , Wang Xiaoyu , Daniel Sara , Novotny Janet , Gebauer Sarah , Baer David 
Published: June 2021

Gut microbiota provides important functions to the human host. Modifying microbiota towards a ˈbeneficialˈ composition is a promising approach for improving intestinal and overall health. Fibers and incompletely digested foods that reach the proximal colon, including nuts, provide nutrients required for maintaining a diverse microbiota. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of almond and pistachio consumption on gut microbiota composition. We determined microbiota in fecal samples collected from human volunteers in two independent randomized cross over controlled feeding studies with 0, 1.5 or 3 servings/day of the respective nuts. Microbiota composition was analyzed using a 16S rRNA based approach. While qPCR showed no effect of either nuts on bifidobacteria, pistachios appeared to decrease the amounts of lactic acid bacteria (p<0.05). 16S rRNA sequence analysis of 450,000 sequence reads, retained after removing low quality and short reads, revealed various operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at the 95%, 97%, and 98% similarity levels that appeared affected by nut consumption. The effect of pistachios on microbiota was much stronger than that of almonds and included an increase in potentially beneficial butyrate producing bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. Increasing consumption of almonds or pistachios appears an alternative means of modifying gut microbiota.Sponsors:CAB,PFI
Resolvin D1 limits PMN recruitment to inflammatory loci: receptor dependent bioactions
Authors: Norling Lucy V , Dalli Jesmond , Flower Roderick J , Serhan Charles N , Perretti Mauro 
Published: June 2021

Resolvins are a newly discovered family of lipid mediators biosynthesized from omega‐3 PUFAs (DHA & EPA) that actively resolve inflammation. Bioactions of resolvins are mediated via specific G‐protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Recent studies identified two GPCRs that RvD1 specifically binds on human leukocytes, the lipoxin A4/annexin A1 receptor (ALX/FPR2) and GPR32 (that has no known murine orthologue). Using zymosan stimulated peritonitis as an acute model of inflammation; RvD1 reduced peritoneal PMN infiltration at 4 and 24h with doses as low as 1ng/mouse. Importantly, this effect was not observed in fpr2 null mice, indicating the crucial role of this GPCR in RvD1 mediated PMN responses in the mouse. Moreover, the pro‐resolving properties of RvD1 were ALX/FPR2 specific, as RvD1 enhanced zymosan phagocytosis by WT but not fpr2 null murine macrophages. RvD1 also displayed potent actions on human PMN; reducing recruitment to endothelial cells under shear conditions as quantified using a flow chamber system. Interestingly, receptor specific antibodies blocked these anti‐inflammatory actions of RvD1, with low 1nM concentrations sensitive to GPR32 blockade, whilst 10nM RvD1 appeared ALX/FPR2 specific. These results highlight GPCR dependent actions of RvD1 in limiting overzealous PMN recruitment.Supported by Arthritis Research UK Foundation Fellowship 18445 to LVN & National Institutes of Health USA GM38765 and DE019938 to CNS
Pseudopterosin A ‐ an Atypical Antagonist of Adenosine A2B Receptors that Accelerates Angiogenesis
Authors: Day Daniel R , Little R D , Jacobs Robert S 
Published: June 2021

SummaryPseudopterosins are known anti‐inflammatory and anti‐microbial agents, isolated from the soft coral, Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae. We report pseudopterosins as activators of cell proliferation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), a cellular model of angiogenesis. A hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin (HPβCD) formulation of pseudopterosin A (PsA) elicited a 25% increase in cell proliferation (EC50 = 1.34 ×10−8 M) in growth factor depleted HUVEC lines. This constitutes a >200 fold increase in potency over DMSO formulations. We demonstrate that the effect of PsA is mediated through inhibition of adenosine A2B receptors which leads to decreased synthesis of cAMP and that this effect can be reversed with a selective A2 agonist, CV‐1808. In addition we show that PsA can induce protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation which has been shown to activate proliferation via the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K) pathway. Collectively, this indicates that pseudopterosins are promising compounds for adenosine receptor mediated pathologies.