bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Report of the 2018 annual meeting of the Asia Pacific Malaria Elimination Network Vector Control Working Group: harnessing skills and knowledge for malaria elimination across the Asia Pacific
Authors: Dahmash Latifeh , Tatarsky Allison , Espino Fe Esperanza , Chareonviriyaphap Theeraphap , Macdonald Michael B. , Prachumsri Jettsumon Sattabongkot , Srivastava Pradeep , Rundi Christina , Hii Jeffrey 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe 2018 Asia Pacific Malaria Elimination Network’s Vector Control Working Group (APMEN VCWG) annual meeting took place 3–5 September 2018 in Bangkok, Thailand. It was designed to be a forum for entomology and public health specialists from APMEN country programmes (over 90 participants from 30 countries) to discuss current progress and challenges related to planning, implementing, and sustaining effective vector control (VC) strategies for malaria elimination across the region, and to suggest practical and applicable solutions to these moving forward. The meeting was organised as a joint collaboration between the VCWG host institution—Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Thailand—and leading partner institutions within the VCWG: Malaria Consortium and the Malaria Elimination Initiative at the University of California, San Francisco, Global Health Group (UCSF Global Health Group), under the leadership of the APMEN Director and VCWG Co-Chairs from ministries of health in Malaysia and India. This report provides an introduction to the role and nature of the VCWG, highlights key themes and topics presented and discussed at the meeting, and outlines the future objectives and focal areas for the VCWG and APMEN at large.
Ecology, seasonality and host preferences of Austrian Phlebotomus (Transphlebotomus) mascittii Grassi, 1908, populations
Authors: Kniha Edwin , Milchram Markus , Dvořák Vít , Halada Petr , Obwaller Adelheid G. , Poeppl Wolfgang , Mooseder Gerhard , Volf Petr , Walochnik Julia 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Sand flies are principal vectors of the protozoan parasites Leishmania spp. and are widely distributed in all warmer regions of the world, including the Mediterranean parts of Europe. In Central European countries, the sand fly fauna is still under investigation. Phlebotomus mascittii, a suspected but unproven vector of Leishmania infantum, is regarded as the most widely distributed species in Europe. However, many aspects of its biology and ecology remain poorly known. The aim of this study was to provide new data on the biology and ecology of Ph. mascittii in Austria to better understand its current distribution and potential dispersal.

Methods
Sand flies were collected by CDC light traps at four localities in Austria for 11 (2018) and 15 weeks (2019) during the active sand fly season. Climatic parameters (temperature, relative humidity, barometric pressure and wind speed) were retrospectively obtained for the trapping periods. Sand flies were identified by a combined approach (morphology, DNA barcoding, MALDI-TOF protein profiling), and blood meals of engorged females were analysed by DNA sequencing and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.

Results
In total, 450 individuals of Ph. mascittii were caught. Activity was observed to start at the beginning of June and end at the end of August with peaks in mid-July at three locations and early August at one location. Increased activity was associated with relatively high temperatures and humidity. Also, more individuals were caught on nights with low barometric pressure. Analysis of five identified blood meals revealed chicken (Gallus gallus) and equine (Equus spp.) hosts. Sand fly abundance was generally associated with availability of hosts.

Conclusion
This study reports unexpectedly high numbers of Ph. mascittii at selected Austrian localities and provides the first detailed analysis of its ecology to date. Temperature and humidity were shown to be good predictors for sand fly activity. Blood meal analyses support the assumption that Ph. mascittii feeds on mammals as well as birds. The study significantly contributes to understanding the ecology of this sand fly species in Central Europe and facilitates prospective entomological surveys.

Graphical Abstract
Clear cell renal cancer metastasis in the contralateral ureter: a case report
Authors: Blanc Julien , Roth Beat 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Clear cell renal carcinoma is known for its propensity for metastatic spread. Common sites of metastasis are the lungs, bones, lymph nodes, liver, adrenals and brain, but all organs can be affected. Contralateral ureteral metastasis is a rare phenomenon, and only a few cases have been reported in the literature.

Case presentation
We present the case of a 58-year-old Caucasian patient with a single contralateral ureteral metastasis of a clear cell renal carcinoma.

Conclusion
Ureteral metastasis of clear cell renal carcinoma is very rare, and there is no well-established treatment. For patients with low metastatic spread/volume, the aim should be to preserve kidney function, and thus metastasectomy should be considered.
Membranous nephropathy and autoimmune hepatitis in the setting of acute Helicobacter pylori infection: a case report
Authors: Nesheiwat Zeid , Daboul Judy , Merugu Ganesh Prasad , Adapa Sreedhar , Balla Mamtha 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundMembranous nephropathy (MN) is the leading cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults worldwide. A growing body of evidence indicates a pathogenic and autoimmune correlation betweenHelicobacter pyloriinfection, MN, and autoimmune liver disease.Case presentationA 47-year-old African American woman presented to our institution with epigastric pain and vomiting. In-patient hospital workup included a thorough abdominal evaluation including esophagogastroduodenoscopy and liver biopsy, which revealed activeH. pyloriinfection and autoimmune hepatitis. The patient was incidentally also found to have nephrotic-range proteinuria. Renal workup including kidney biopsy established the diagnosis of MN. Proteinuria improved after initiation of triple therapy forH. pyloriinfection.ConclusionThis case adds to the growing evidence of a correlation betweenH. pyloriinfection, MN, and autoimmune liver disease. This report demonstrates a unique case of a patient with MN, autoimmune hepatitis (AIH)/primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and HP who underwent triple-eradication antibiotic treatment that resulted in an ultimate resolution of all these conditions.
Principles for establishment of the stem cell bank and its applications on management of sports injuries
Authors: Fan Bao-Shi , Liu Yang , Zhang Ji-Ying , Chen You-Rong , Yang Meng , Yu Jia-Kuo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
The stem cells of the stem cell banks have prominent problems for insufficient sources, easy contamination, unstable biological characteristics after serial subcultivations, and high cost.

Methods
After collecting the construction processes of the existing stem cell banks and suggestions from authoritative experts in the past 10 years, 230 reference principles were obtained, and finally, the principles of “5C” for the establishment of modern standardized stem cell banks were summarized, and their related applications on the management of sports injuries were reviewed as well.

Results
The basic principles of “5C” for the establishment of modern standardized stem cell banks include (1) principle of informed consent, (2) confidentiality principle, (3) conformity principle, (4) contamination-free principle, and (5) commonweal principle. The applications of stem cells on repairs, reconstructions, and regenerations of sports injuries were also reviewed, especially in tissue-engineered cartilage, tissue-engineered meniscus, and tissue-engineered ligament.

Conclusions
The proposal of the basic principles of “5C” is conducive to relevant stem cell researchers and clinical medical experts to build modern stem cell banks in a more standardized and efficient manner while avoiding some major mistakes or problems that may occur in the future. On this basis, stem cells from stem cell banks would be increasingly used in the management of sports injuries. More importantly, these days, getting stem cell samples are difficult in a short time, and such banks with proper legal consent may help the scientific community.
Therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cells on histopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular analysis in second-grade burn model
Authors: Abdel-Gawad Doaa Ramadan I. , Moselhy Walaa A. , Ahmed Rasha Rashad , Al-Muzafar Hessah Mohammed , Amin Kamal Adel , Amin Maha Mohamed , El-Nahass El-Shaymaa , Abdou Khaled Abbas Helmy 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackground and aimDeleterious cutaneous tissue damages could result from exposure to thermal trauma, which could be ameliorated structurally and functionally through therapy via the most multipotent progenitor bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). This study aimed to induce burns and examine the effect of BM-MSCs during a short and long period of therapy.Material and methodsNinety albino rats were divided into three groups: group I (control); group II (burn model), the animals were exposed to the preheated aluminum bar at 100°C for 15 s; and group III (the burned animals subcutaneously injected with BM-MSCs (2×106cells/ ml)); they were clinically observed and sacrificed at different short and long time intervals, and skin samples were collected for histopathological and immunohistochemical examination and analysis of different wound healing mediators via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).ResultsSubcutaneous injection of BM-MSCs resulted in the decrease of the wound contraction rate; the wound having a pinpoint appearance and regular arrangement of the epidermal layer with thin stratum corneum; decrease in the area percentages of ADAMs10 expression; significant downregulation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrotic factor-α (TNF-α), metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and microRNA-21; and marked upregulation of heat shock protein-90α (HSP-90α) especially in late stages.ConclusionBM-MSCs exhibited a powerful healing property through regulating the mediators of wound healing and restoring the normal skin structures, reducing the scar formation and the wound size.
The stromal vascular fraction mitigates radiation-induced gastrointestinal syndrome in mice
Authors: Bensemmane Lydia , Squiban Claire , Demarquay Christelle , Mathieu Noëlle , Benderitter Marc , Le Guen Bernard , Milliat Fabien , Linard Christine 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
The intestine is particularly sensitive to moderate-high radiation dose and the development of gastrointestinal syndrome (GIS) leads to the rapid loss of intestinal mucosal integrity, resulting in bacterial infiltration, sepsis that comprise patient survival. There is an urgent need for effective and rapid therapeutic countermeasures. The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) derived from adipose tissue is an easily accessible source of cells with angiogenic, anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties. We studied the therapeutic impact of SVF and its action on the intestinal stem cell compartment.

Methods
Mice exposed to the abdominal radiation (18 Gy) received a single intravenous injection of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) (2.5 × 106 cells), obtained by enzymatic digestion of inguinal fat tissue, on the day of irradiation. Mortality was evaluated as well as intestinal regeneration by histological analyses and absorption function.

Results
The SVF treatment limited the weight loss of the mice and inhibited the intestinal permeability and mortality after abdominal irradiation. Histological analyses showed that SVF treatment stimulated the regeneration of the epithelium by promoting numerous enlarged hyperproliferative zones. SVF restored CD24+/lysozyme− and Paneth cell populations in the ISC compartment with the presence of Paneth Ki67+ cells. SVF has an anti-inflammatory effect by repressing pro-inflammatory cytokines, increasing M2 macrophages in the ileum and anti-inflammatory monocyte subtypes CD11b+Ly6clowCX3CR1high in the spleen.

Conclusions
Through the pleiotropic effects that contribute to limiting radiation-induced lethality, SVF opens up attractive prospects for the treatment of emergency GIS.
Extracellular vesicles containing miR-146a-5p secreted by bone marrow mesenchymal cells activate hepatocytic progenitors in regenerating rat livers
Authors: Ichinohe Norihisa , Ishii Masayuki , Tanimizu Naoki , Mizuguchi Toru , Yoshioka Yusuke , Ochiya Takahiro , Suzuki Hiromu , Mitaka Toshihiro 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Small hepatocyte-like progenitor cells (SHPCs) appear to form transient clusters in rat livers treated with retrorsine (Ret) and 70% partial hepatectomy (PH). We previously reported that the expansion of SHPCs was amplified in Ret/PH-treated rat livers transplanted with Thy1+ cells derived from d-galactosamine-treated injured livers. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced by hepatic Thy1+ donor cells activated SHPCs via interleukin (IL)-17 receptor B signaling. As bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells (BM-MCs) also express Thy1, we aimed to determine whether BM-MCs could also promote the growth of SHPCs.

Methods
BM-MCs were isolated from dipeptidyl-peptidase IV (DPPIV)-positive rats. BM-MCs or BM-MC-derived EVs were administered to DPPIV-negative Ret/PH rat livers, and the growth and the characteristics of SHPC clusters were evaluated 14 days post-treatment. miRNA microarrays and cytokine arrays examined soluble factors within EVs. Small hepatocytes (SHs) isolated from an adult rat liver were used to identify factors enhancing hepatocytic progenitor cells growth.

Results
The recipient’s livers were enlarged at 2 weeks post-BM-MC transplantation. The number and the size of SHPCs increased remarkably in livers transplanted with BM-MCs. BM-MC-derived EVs also stimulated SHPC growth. Comprehensive analyses revealed that BM-MC-derived EVs contained miR-146a-5p, interleukin-6, and stem cell factor, which could enhance SHs’ proliferation. Administration of EVs derived from the miR-146a-5p-transfected BM-MCs to Ret/PH rat livers remarkably enhanced the expansion of SHPCs.

Conclusions
miR-146a-5p involved in EVs produced by BM-MCs may play a major role in accelerating liver regeneration by activating the intrinsic hepatocytic progenitor cells.
A traditional medicine, respiratory detox shot (RDS), inhibits the infection of SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and the influenza A virus in vitro
Authors: Hetrick Brian , Yu Dongyang , Olanrewaju Adeyemi A. , Chilin Linda D. , He Sijia , Dabbagh Deemah , Alluhaibi Ghaliah , Ma Yuan-Chun , Hofmann Lewis A. , Hakami Ramin M. , Wu Yuntao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
The ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in the infection of over 128 million people and has caused over 2.8 million deaths as of April 2021 in more than 220 countries and territories. Currently, there is no effective treatment for COVID-19 to reduce mortality. We investigated the potential anti-coronavirus activities from an oral liquid of traditional medicine, Respiratory Detox Shot (RDS), which contains mostly herbal ingredients traditionally used to manage lung diseases.

Results
Here we report that RDS inhibited the infection of target cells by lenti-SARS-CoV, lenti-SARS-CoV-2, and hybrid alphavirus-SARS-CoV-2 (Ha-CoV-2) pseudoviruses, and by infectious SARS-CoV-2 and derived Ha-CoV-2 variants including B.1.1.7, B.1.351, P.1, B.1.429, B.1.2, B.1.494, B.1.1.207, B.1.258, and B.1.1.298. We further demonstrated that RDS directly inactivates the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 virus particles. In addition, we found that RDS can also block the infection of target cells by Influenza A virus.

Conclusions
These results suggest that RDS may broadly inhibit the infection of respiratory viruses.
Molecular mechanisms of Zika virus teratogenesis from animal studies: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Wachholz Gabriela Elis , do Amaral Gomes Julia , Boquett Juliano André , Vianna Fernanda Sales Luiz , Schuler-Faccini Lavínia , Fraga Lucas Rosa 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Due to the diversity of studies in animal models reporting that molecular mechanisms are involved in the teratogenic effect of the Zika virus (ZIKV), the objective of the present study is to evaluate the methodological quality of these studies, as well as to demonstrate which genes and which molecular pathways are affected by ZIKV in different animal models.

Methods
This search will be performed in four databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus, as well as in the grey literature. The studies selection process will be reported through the PRISMA Statement diagram model. All studies describing the molecular mechanisms possibly involved in the development of malformations caused by embryonic/fetal ZIKV exposure in animal models with an appropriate control group and methodology will be included (including, for instance, randomized and non-randomized studies). All animals used as experimental models for ZIKV teratogenesis may be included as long as exposure to the virus occurred during the embryonic/fetal period. From the selected studies, data will be extracted using a previously prepared standard form. Bias risk evaluation will be conducted following the SYRCLE’s Risk of Bias tool. All data obtained will be tabulated and organized by outcomes (morphological and molecular).

Discussion
With the proposed systematic review, we expect to present results about the methodological quality of the published studies with animal models that investigated the molecular mechanisms involved in the teratogenic effect of ZIKV, as well as to show the studies with greater reliability.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42019157316
The COVID-19 pandemic and N95 masks: reusability and decontamination methods
Authors: Peters Alexandra , Palomo Rafael , Ney Hervé , Lotfinejad Nasim , Zingg Walter , Parneix Pierre , Pittet Didier 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
With the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, many healthcare facilities are lacking a steady supply of masks worldwide. This emergency situation warrants the taking of extraordinary measures to minimize the negative health impact from an insufficient supply of masks. The decontamination, and reuse of healthcare workers’ N95/FFP2 masks is a promising solution which needs to overcome several pitfalls to become a reality.

Aim
The overall aim of this article is to provide the reader with a quick overview of the various methods for decontamination and the potential issues to be taken into account when deciding to reuse masks. Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI), hydrogen peroxide, steam, ozone, ethylene oxide, dry heat and moist heat have all been methods studied in the context of the pandemic. The article first focuses on the logistical implementation of a decontamination system in its entirety, and then aims to summarize and analyze the different available methods for decontamination.

Methods
In order to have a clear understanding of the research that has already been done, we conducted a systematic literature review for the questions: what are the tested methods for decontaminating N95/FFP2 masks, and what impact do those methods have on the microbiological contamination and physical integrity of the masks? We used the results of a systematic review on the methods of microbiological decontamination of masks to make sure we covered all of the recommended methods for mask reuse. To this systematic review we added articles and studies relevant to the subject, but that were outside the limits of the systematic review. These include a number of studies that performed important fit and function tests on the masks but took their microbiological outcomes from the existing literature and were thus excluded from the systematic review, but useful for this paper. We also used additional unpublished studies and internal communication from the University of Geneva Hospitals and partner institutions.

Results
This paper analyzes the acceptable methods for respirator decontamination and reuse, and scores them according to a number of variables that we have defined as being crucial (including cost, risk, complexity, time, etc.) to help healthcare facilities decide which method of decontamination is right for them.

Conclusion
We provide a resource for healthcare institutions looking at making informed decisions about respirator decontamination. This informed decision making will help to improve infection prevention and control measures, and protect healthcare workers during this crucial time. The overall take home message is that institutions should not reuse respirators unless they have to. In the case of an emergency situation, there are some safe ways to decontaminate them.
Infection prevention measures for patients undergoing hemodialysis during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan: a nationwide questionnaire survey
Authors:   On behalf of COVID-19 Task Force Committee of the Japanese Association of Dialysis Physicians, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy, and the Japanese Society of Nephrology, Sugawara Yuka , Iwagami Masao , Kikuchi Kan , Yoshida Yoko , Ando Ryoichi , Shinoda Toshio , Ryuzaki Munekazu , Nakamoto Hidetomo , Sakai Ken , Hanafusa Norio , Kashihara Naoki , Nangaku Masaomi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has become a global pandemic affecting a variety of medical treatments, including hemodialysis. This study aims to investigate the implementation of infection control measures, to examine the shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE) and disinfectants, and to quantify the number of nosocomial COVID-19 transmissions in hemodialysis facilities in Japan during the pandemic.

Methods
We conducted a nationwide questionnaire survey between 20 October and 16 November 2020 (i.e., between the “second wave” and “third wave” in Japan) in the 4198 dialysis facilities of the Japanese Association of Dialysis Physicians and the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy. A total of 2227 facilities (53.0%) responded. The questionnaire consisted of (i) characteristics of facilities, (ii) infection prevention measures in routine dialysis practices, (iii) shortage of PPE, (iv) feasibility of various isolation measures, and (v) nosocomial transmission.

Results
Half of the responding facilities were hospitals with multiple departments, and the other half were clinics specialized in dialysis. Several infection prevention measures such as health checks of staff and patients, donning of masks before and after hemodialysis, and disinfection of frequently contacted areas were implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic. There was a significant improvement in the implementation rate of these measures during the pandemic, compared to before it, which reached over 90%. More than half of the facilities reported a shortage of disposable masks (67.2%) and hand sanitizer alcohol (56.7%). Isolation of COVID-19 patients in private rooms was possible only in 52.7% of the facilities. The majority of facilities (73.3%) could not accept COVID-19 dialysis patients due to lack of space and manpower. Nosocomial transmission of COVID-19 occurred in 4.0% of the facilities. Of those infected, 51.9% were staff.

Conclusions
This survey revealed that most hemodialysis facilities in Japan had improved implementation of infection control measures and had shortage of PPEs and disinfectants, though some facilities did not implement infection prevention measures adequately, mainly due to the limited space of the facility. It may be recommended that each facility immediately establishes isolation measures to prepare for the pandemic of COVID-19.