bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic values of the core components of the mammalian circadian clock in prostate cancer
Authors: Yue Wenchang , Du Xiao , Wang Xuhong , Gui Niu , Zhang Weijie , Sun Jiale , You Jiawei , He Dong , Geng Xinyu , Huang Yuhua , Hou Jianquan 
Published: December 2021

Background
Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common malignancies in males. Extensive and complex connections between circadian rhythm and cancer were found. Nonetheless, in PC, the potential role of the core components of the mammalian circadian clock (CCMCCs) in prognosis prediction has not been fully clarified.

Methods
We firstly collected 605 patients with PC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Survival analysis was carried out for each CCMCC. Then, we investigated the prognostic ability of CCMCCs by Cox regression analysis. Independent prognostic signatures were extracted for the establishment of the circadian clock-based risk score model. We explored the predictive performance of the risk score model in the TCGA training cohort and the independent GEO dataset. Finally, the relationships between risk score and clinicopathological parameters, biological processes, and signaling pathways were evaluated.

Results
The expression levels of CCMCCs were widely correlated with age, tumor status, lymph node status, disease-free survival (DFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Nine circadian clock genes, including CSNK1D, BTRC, CLOCK, CSNK1E, FBXL3, PRKAA2, DBP, NR1D2, and RORB, were identified as vital prognostic factors in PC and were used to construct the circadian clock-based risk score model. For DFS, the area under the 3-year or 5-year receiver operating characteristic curves ranged from 0.728 to 0.821, suggesting better predictive performance. When compared with T3-4N1 stage, PC patients at T2N0 stage might be benefited more from the circadian clock-based risk score model. Furthermore, a high circadian clock-based risk score indicated shorter DFS (p < 0.0001), early progression (p < 0.0001), and higher 5-year death rate (p = 0.007) in PC. The risk score was related to tumor status (p < 0.001), lymph node status (p < 0.001), and ribosome-related biogenesis and pathways.

Conclusions
The vital roles of circadian clock genes in clinical outcomes were fully depicted. The circadian clock-based risk score model could reflect and predict the prognosis of patients with PC.
Change in alcohol consumption and physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic amongst 76 medical students
Authors: Sandell Christina , Saltychev Mikhail 
Published: December 2021

Objective
To investigate whether the COVID-19 pandemic has affected physical activity and alcohol consumption among medical students.

Methods
Cross-sectional survey study among 76 students in their second year of medical school. The Wilcoxon sign-rank test and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to assess the difference between groups.

Results
Of 76 respondents, 68% were women, 66% were single and 34% were co-habiting. The median age was 21 years. Overall alcohol consumption decreased during the pandemic year by 12 g/week. Overall physical activity did not significantly change. The decrease in alcohol consumption was mostly caused by a change seen in a high tertile, change was −96 g/week. Alcohol consumption decreased more in women than in men, p = 0.0001.

Conclusions
It seems that alcohol consumption among medical students has decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic probably due to reduced social contacts and negative effect of social isolation. This decrease was seen especially among women and among students with higher alcohol consumption before the pandemic. Also, it seems that students had found their ways to remain active during the pandemic since the amount of leisure-time physical activity had not changed significantly.
Polymethyl Methacrylate as an Interlayer Between the Halide Perovskite and Copper Phthalocyanine Layers for Stable and Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Kim Hyeonwoo , Lee Kyoung Su , Paik Min Jae , Lee Do Yoon , Lee Seung‐Un , Choi Eunyoung , Yun Jae Sung , Seok Sang Il 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe use of inexpensive, highly efficient, and long‐term stable hole‐transporting layers (HTLs) while facilitating the fabrication process has become a critical issue for PSC commercialization. Among organic HTLs, copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) has been increasingly studied owing to its low cost and excellent thermal stability. Nevertheless, CuPc has a low energy level in the conduction band, resulting in low efficiency due to a poor electron barrier. In this study, an efficient and stable PSC is fabricated by combining CuPc with an ultrathin poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) interlayer, which is deposited on a [(FAPbI3)0.95(MAPbBr3)0.05] absorption layer (here, FAPbI3 and MAPbBr3 denote formamidinium lead triiodide and methylammonium lead tribromide, respectively). PMMA in perovskite has been found to reduce perovskite surface defects and series resistance as well as the electronic barrier to HTL. The optimum concentration of PMMA allows for the fabrication of the PSC with a PCE of 21.3%, which is the highest PCE for PSCs featuring metal phthalocyanines as the HTL reported to date. The stability of the encapsulated PSC exceeds 80% after 760 h at 85 °C under 85% RH conditions.
Near‐Infrared Light Triggered H2 Generation for Enhanced Photothermal/Photodynamic Therapy against Hypoxic Tumor
Authors: Ge Haoying , Du Jianjun , Long Saran , Xia Xiang , Zheng Jiazhu , Xu Ning , Yao Qichao , Fan Jiangli , Peng Xiaojun 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe principle of photochemical transformation has shown significant inspiration on phototherapy of solid tumors. However, both photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) can induce stress response of tumor cells, which draw the attention in recent. Herein, an asymmetric and lollipop like nanostructure consisting of gold nanorod/titanium dioxide (l‐TiO2‐GNR) is developed by controlling single head growth of titanium dioxide (TiO2) on gold nanorods (GNR). Through the reasonable utilization of hot electrons of GNR by 808 nm light irradiation, l‐TiO2‐GNR perform type I‐PDT, mild PTT (48 °C), and H2 therapy which is efficient for hypoxic tumors. In particular, H2 can downregulate both triphosadenine and heat shock protein which are found to be main source of tumor stress response. l‐TiO2‐GNR opens a new window for treatment of hypoxic tumor by the perfect synergy of type I‐PDT, mild PTT, and H2 therapy.
A General Strategy to Immobilize Single‐Atom Catalysts in Metal–Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Photocatalysis
Authors: Sui Jianfei , Liu Hang , Hu Shaojin , Sun Kang , Wan Gang , Zhou Hua , Zheng Xiao , Jiang Hai‐Long 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSingle‐atom catalysts (SACs) are witnessing rapid development due to their high activity and selectivity toward diverse reactions. However, it remains a grand challenge in the general synthesis of SACs, particularly featuring an identical chemical microenvironment and on the same support. Herein, a universal synthetic protocol is developed to immobilize SACs in metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). Significantly, by means of SnO2 as a mediator or adaptor, not only different single‐atom metal sites, such as Pt, Cu, and Ni, etc., can be installed, but also the MOF supports can be changed (for example, UiO‐66‐NH2, PCN‐222, and DUT‐67) to afford M1/SnO2/MOF architecture. Taking UiO‐66‐NH2 as a representative, the Pt1/SnO2/MOF exhibits approximately five times higher activity toward photocatalytic H2 production than the corresponding Pt nanoparticles (≈2.5 nm) stabilized by SnO2/UiO‐66‐NH2. Remarkably, despite featuring identical parameters in the chemical microenvironment and support in M1/SnO2/UiO‐66‐NH2, the Pt1 catalyst possesses a hydrogen evolution rate of 2167 µmol g–1 h–1, superior to the Cu1 and Ni1 counterparts, which is attributed to the differentiated hydrogen binding free energies, as supported by density‐functional theory (DFT) calculations. This is thought to be the first report on a universal approach toward the stabilization of SACs with identical chemical microenvironment on an identical support.
Light‐Fueled Organic Photoelectrochemical Transistor for Probing Membrane Protein in an H‐Cell
Authors: Li Zheng , Xu Yi‐Tong , Hu Jin , Liu Xiang‐Nan , Chen Feng‐Zao , Jia Hui‐Min , Zhou Hong , Chen Guangxu , Lin Peng , Zhao Wei‐Wei , Xu Jing‐Juan , Chen Hong‐Yuan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThough great advances are achieved in the area of organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) biosensors, general issues of shared electrolyte by the channel and gate electrode remain unsolved. On the other hand, to date binding‐free OECT detection of cellular membrane proteins is not reported. On the basis of the advanced technique of organic photoelectrochemical transistor (OPECT), herein the H‐cell‐supported OPECT device that can easily circumvent the issues of abovementioned shared electrolyte and its application toward binding‐free detection of membrane alkaline phosphatase (ALP) of HeLa cells is demonstrated. In such a configuration, usage of a Nafion perfluorinated membrane equipped H‐cell can well retain the ionic circuit of the device but prevent the diffusion of various molecules and minimize the possible interference. In the detection, ALP catalytic chemistry enables the sensitization of the TiO2 nanotubes electrode, triggering enhanced de‐doping of the poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) and thus resulting in altered channel currents proportionate to the membrane ALP. This work not only provides a new perspective for binding‐free detection of membrane protein but also represents a general protocol for H‐cell‐supported OECT/OPECT biosensors with enhanced accuracy.
Improving survival in patients with trisomy 18
Authors: Tamaki Shoko , Iwatani Sota , Izumi Ayako , Hirayama Kentaro , Kataoka Dai , Ohyama Shohei , Ikuta Toshihiko , Takeoka Emiko , Matsui Sachiko , Mimura Hitomi , Minamikawa Shogo , Nakagishi Yasuo , Yoshimoto Seiji , Nakao Hideto 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe effects of medical and surgical interventions on the survival of patients with trisomy 18 have been reported, leading to changes in perinatal management and decision‐making. However, few studies have fully reported the recent changes in survival and treatment of trisomy 18. We examined how treatment and survival of patients with trisomy 18 have changed over a decade in a Japanese pediatric tertiary referral center. This retrospective cohort study included patients with trisomy 18 who were admitted within the first 7 days of life at the Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital between 2008 and 2017. The patients were divided into early period (EP) and late period (LP) groups based on the birth year of 2008–2012 and 2013–2017, respectively. Changes in treatment and survival rates were compared between the two groups. A total of 56 patients were studied (29 in the EP group and 27 in the LP group). One‐year survival rates were 34.5% and 59.3% in the EP and LP groups, respectively. The survival to discharge rate significantly increased from 27.6% in the EP group to 81.5% in the LP group (p < 0.001). The proportion of patients receiving surgery, especially for congenital heart defects, significantly increased from 59% in the EP group to 96% in the LP group (p = 0.001). In our single‐center study, survival and survival to discharge were significantly improved in patients with trisomy 18, probably because of increased rate of surgical interventions. These findings may facilitate better decision‐making by patients' families and healthcare providers.
Palladium‐Catalyzed [3+2] Cycloaddition of Activated Butadienylcyclopropanes
Authors: Yang Zhi‐Xiong , Wei Yu‐Qing , Yang Cun , Li Yun‐Fan , Ding Chang‐Hua , Xu Bin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe activated butadienylcyclopropane has been successfully developed as a new precursor of the Pd‐π‐allyl zwitterion for the Pd‐catalyzed intermolecular [3+2] cycloaddition, which proceeds preferentially over its intramolecular rearrangement into a vinyl cyclopentane. Multi‐substituted cyclopentanes bearing a butadienyl group are synthesized through the Pd‐catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition reaction of activated butadienylcyclopropanes with methylenemalononitrile derivatives in high yield under mild conditions. The cycloaddition reaction could proceed well on a gram scale.
Usefulness of imaging studies for diagnosing and localizing cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Kim Do Hyun , Kim Sung Won , Kim So‐Hyun , Jung Jae Hoon , Hwang Se Hwan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundOur aim in this study was to determine the usefulness of diagnosis by imaging studies for the localization of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea.MethodsPubMed, SCOPUS, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to July 2021. True and false positive and negative data were collected along with the characteristics of each study. Methodologic quality was assessed using the QADAS‐2 tool.ResultsSixteen studies involving 472 patients were included. The diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of imaging studies was 13.6195 (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.4756‐24.8129; I2 = 28.1%). The area under the summary receiver‐operating characteristic curve was 0.712. Sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value were 0.8507 (0.7773‐0.9029), 72.1%; 0.7827 (0.6865‐0.8556), 26.8%; 0.5828 (0.4398‐0.7132), 67.4%; and 0.9407 (0.8935‐0.9678), 59.1%, respectively. In the subgroup analysis, there were significant differences for sensitivity (computed tomography [CT], 0.7421; computed tomography cisternography [CTC], 0.8872; magnetic resonance imaging [MRI], 0.8365; magnetic resonance cisternography [MRC], 0.8565; intrathecal gadolinium magnetic resonance cisternography [GaMRC], and 0.9307; radionuclide cisteronography [RNC], 0.7097; p = 0.0481) and for negative predictive value among imaging modalities (CT, 0.3028; CTC, 0.4848; MRI, 0.4658; MRC, 0.7465; GaMRC, 0.8611; and RNC, 0.5263; p = 0.0046). There were no significant differences among imaging modalities for specificity, positive predictive value, or DOR (p > 0.05).ConclusionImaging studies can be used in the diagnosis of CSF rhinorrhea. Gadolinium magnetic resonance cisternography showed the highest diagnostic accuracy. MRC showed fair diagnostic accuracy without intrathecal injection.
Degradation kinetics and thermomechanical properties of in‐situ polymerized layered double hydroxides‐ethylene‐propylene copolymer
Authors: Mazhar Hassam , Shehzad Farrukh , Hong Sung‐Gil , Al‐harthi Mamdouh A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper reports the study of in‐situ incorporation of NiFe‐(Anion) layered double hydroxides (LDH) in the ethylene‐propylene (EP) (95:05 molar ratio) copolymerization. NiFe LDHs were synthesized with different intercalated anions using the coprecipitation method. The EP/LDH nanocomposites showed improved thermal stability, nevertheless, the various types of intercalated anions in the LDH showed a remarkable effect on the thermal stability and the degradation mechanism of the resultant polymer nanocomposites. EP/LDH constituted with NiFe‐CO3/A (A = acetone washed) showed maximum improvement in the thermal stability concerning neat EP. The LDH incorporation in the composite influenced the polymer microstructure which was evident from the DSC and CRYSTAF analysis. The degradation kinetics of neat EP and EP/LDH nanocomposites were studied by employing the isoconversional method. The degradation kinetics models of different polymer samples were predicted by applying a generalized master plot. Moreover, EP nanocomposites exhibited higher storage modulus and elasticity as compared to neat EP copolymer.
More than just the spice of life: Using variety as a signal for change and diversification
Authors: Kahn Barbara E. , Rafieian Hoori 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe consider the role of variety or diversity as a main goal for consumer experiences. We argue that consumers may incorporate variety in their choices of product or experiences for reasons other than merely increasing the consumption utility over time. Specifically, we develop a framework that shows two new roles that variety can play in consumer choice. First, it can serve as a signal to oneself and others that the consumer is able to accept change and be flexible. Second, we show that the meta role of variety, or diversity as a goal in and of itself, is beneficial because more variety in consumers' choice sets (a) provides a more optimal portfolio for future choices under uncertainty, (b) facilitates creative thinking and adoption of innovation, and (c) allows for the consumption of a fuller set of attributes, which satisfies goals of balancing and completeness.
Bacteriophage carriers localize in the brain of a rat model of neonatal hypoxic‐ischemic encephalopathy
Authors: Alshememry Abdullah K. , Yang Jung‐Lynn Jonathan , Armstrong Edward A. , Yager Jerome Y. , Unsworth Larry D. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundNeonatal hypoxic‐ischemic encephalopathy arises from a reduction of oxygen and blood supply to the infant brain and can lead to severe brain damage and life‐long disability. The damage is greatest at the irreversibly injured necrotic core, whereas the penumbra is the surrounding, potentially salvageable tissue populated with a mix of alive and dying cells. To date, there exists no method for targeting drugs to the brain damage.Methods and Major ResultsBacteriophages are viruses that propagate in bacteria but are biocompatible in humans and also amenable to genetic and chemical modification in a manner distinctive from conventional therapeutic nanoparticles. Here, a library of M13 bacteriophage was administered into a rat model of hypoxic‐ischemic encephalopathy, and unique bacteriophage clones were confirmed to localize in healthy brain tissue versus the core and penumbra zones of injury.ConclusionsFor the first time, there is a potential to directly deliver therapeutics to different regions of the neonatal brain injury.
Curcumin biosynthesis from ferulic acid by engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Rainha João , Rodrigues Joana L. , Faria Cristiana , Rodrigues Lígia R. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackground and GoalCurcumin is a polyphenolic compound found in Curcuma longa. This bioactive molecule has several reported health‐benefit effects, being the anticarcinogenic activity among the most promising ones. However, curcumin extraction from natural sources is hampered by impure products obtained from harsh chemicals and limited by plant seasonality and high prices. Therefore, curcumin heterologous production emerged as an interesting alternative. Escherichia coli has been explored as chassis but the implementation of the pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae can have several advantages, including its generally regarded as safe status. Hence, S. cerevisiae was engineered for the first time to produce curcumin from its precursor ferulic acid.Methods and ResultsThe enzymes 4‐coumarate‐CoA ligase (4CL1) from Arabidopsis thaliana or feruloyl‐CoA synthetase (FerA) from Pseudomonas paucimobilis and type III polyketide synthases (PKSs) from Oryza sativa or C. longa were expressed in BY4741 strain. To avoid ferulic acid deviation, the gene FDC1 coding a ferulic acid decarboxylase was deleted. The maximum curcumin titer was obtained with FerA combined with C. longa PKSs (2.7 mg L−1).Conclusions and ImplicationsUp to our knowledge, this is the first work reporting the expression of a feruloyl‐CoA synthase and also curcuminoid biosynthetic enzymes in S. cerevisiae, and consequently, curcumin production.
The role of mesenchymal stem cells in liver injury
Authors: Sun Haoyu , Shi Chuanyin , Ye Zhenlong , Yao Bi , Li Chen , Wang Xiaobing , Qian Qijun 
Published: December 2021

AbstractRecently, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has been suggested as an effective alternative approach for the treatment of hepatic diseases. MSCs have potential therapeutic value, because they have high self‐renewal ability, are capable of multipotent differentiation, and have low immunogenicity. Furthermore, MSCs have the potential to differentiate into hepatocytes, and the therapeutic value exists in their immune‐modulatory properties and secretion of trophic factors, such as growth factors and cytokines. Moreover, MSCs can suppress inflammatory responses, reduce hepatocyte apoptosis, increase hepatocyte regeneration, regress liver fibrosis, and enhance liver functionality.
FKBP1A upregulation correlates with poor prognosis and increased metastatic potential of HNSCC
Authors: Patel Dhruti , Dabhi Aarsh M. , Dmello Crismita , Seervi Mahendra , Sneha K. M. , Agrawal Pavan , Sahani Mayurbhai H. , Kanojia Deepak 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common malignancy globally. The etiology of HNSCC is multifactorial, including cellular stress induced by a tobacco smoking, tobacco chewing excess alcohol consumption, and human papillomavirus infection. The induction of stress includes autophagy as one of the response pathways in maintaining homeostatic equilibrium. We evaluated the expression of autophagy‐related genes in HNSCC tissues from RNA sequencing datasets and identified 19 genes correlated with poor prognosis and 18 genes correlated with improved prognosis of HNSCC patients. Further analysis of independent gene expression datasets revealed that ATG12, HSP90AB1, and FKBP1A are overexpressed in HNSCC and correlate with poor prognosis, whereas the overexpression of ANXA1, FOS, and ULK3 correlates with improved prognosis. Using independent datasets, we also found that ATG12, HSP90AB1, and FKBP1A expression increased with an increase in the T‐stage of HNSCC. Among all the datasets analyzed, FKBP1A was overexpressed in HNSCC and was strongly associated with lymph node metastasis in multiple in silico datasets. In conclusion, our analysis indicates dynamic alterations in autophagy genes during HNSCC and warrants further investigation, specifically on FKBP1A and its role in tumor progression and metastasis.
Effect of Phase Ratio on Hydrogen Separation of Dual‐phase Membrane Reactors
Authors: Wang Jingyi , Cai Lili , Liang Zhengqi , Zhu Yue , Cao Zhongwei , Li Wenping , Zhu Xuefeng , Yang Weishen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThree dual‐phase MIEC membranes (100 – x) wt % Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9 (SDC) – x wt % Sr0.92Ti0.5Fe0.5O3–δ (STF) (x = 30, 40, 50) were prepared by a one‐pot solid state reaction to explore the effect of phase ratio of dual‐phase membranes on the hydrogen separation performance of oxygen‐permeable membrane reactors. Single‐phase STF was synthesized by the same method for comparison. The grains of the two phases in the three dual‐phase membranes are uniformly and continuously distributed forming the three‐dimensional connected networks. Dual‐phase membranes have higher total conductivity than that of STF under simulated working atmospheres, and the total conductivity decreases with the increase of STF content. Under various test conditions, the hydrogen separation rate of the dual‐phase membranes is higher than that of the STF membrane.