bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant Activity of Piceatannol in Canola Oil
Authors: He Wen‐Sen , Rui Jiaxin , Wang Qingzhi , Chen Zhen‐Yu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPiceatannol has shown to be a strong antioxidant in vivo, however, its ability to suppress lipid oxidation in foods has not been examined. The present study is to examine the antioxidant effect of piceatannol on heated canola oil compared with that of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The oxidation of canola oil is conducted at 60, 90, 120, and 150 °C by monitoring the depletion of oxygen, the decrease in unsaturated fatty acids, and the changes of primary and secondary oxidation products. Results demonstrated that piceatannol can suppress lipid oxidation of canola oil in a dose‐dependent manner with its effect being more effective than BHT.Practical Applications: Lipid oxidation is a major factor in the deterioration of food quality. Synthetic antioxidants, such as BHT and butylated hydroxyanisole, are used to inhibit oxidation in foods, but their safety has been always concerned. Piceatannol has exhibited a strong antioxidant activity to attenuate lipid oxidation and it should be further explored for use as a natural antioxidant in foods.
Bisexual erasure: Perceived attraction patterns of bisexual women and men
Authors: Morgenroth Thekla , Kirby Teri A. , Cuthbert Maisie J. , Evje Jacob , Anderson Arielle E. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBisexual individuals face identity denial and erasure and qualitative analyses suggest that it may be gendered, such that people stereotype bisexual women as truly heterosexual and bisexual men as truly gay. Across three studies (total N = 787), we examined perceptions of bisexual targets’ attraction patterns. Participants rated the attraction of either a female or male bisexual target to both the same gender/sex and opposite gender/sex. An internal meta‐analysis revealed that heterosexual, lesbian, and gay participants all perceived bisexual men as more attracted to men than to women. No such pattern emerged for bisexual women. These differences between the perception of bisexual women and bisexual men were also reflected in the endorsement of an explicit measure of bisexual erasure. Our findings add to the understanding of the unique bias bisexual people face by showing that perceived attraction patterns may underlie the labelling of bisexual men as “actually gay”.
Ghrelin as a possible biomarker and maintaining factor in patients with eating disorders reporting childhood traumatic experiences
Authors: Rossi Eleonora , Cassioli Emanuele , Gironi Veronica , Idrizaj Eglantina , Garella Rachele , Squecco Roberta , Baccari Maria Caterina , Maggi Mario , Vignozzi Linda , Comeglio Paolo , Ricca Valdo , Castellini Giovanni 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe recent conceptualization of ghrelin as a stress hormone suggested that its chronic alterations may have a role in maintaining overeating behaviors in subjects with eating disorders (EDs) reporting childhood traumatic experiences. The aim of this study was to investigate the alterations of ghrelin levels in patients with EDs, their associations with early trauma, binge and emotional eating, and possible moderation/mediation models.MethodSixty‐four patients with EDs and 42 healthy controls (HCs) had their plasma ghrelin levels measured and completed questionnaires evaluating general and ED‐specific psychopathology, emotional eating, and childhood traumatic experiences.ResultsParticipants with anorexia nervosa had higher ghrelin levels than HCs in body mass index (BMI)‐adjusted comparisons. Moreover, patients reporting a history of childhood trauma had higher ghrelin levels. Childhood sexual abuse (CSA), BMI, and self‐induced vomiting were independent predictors of ghrelin levels. Moderation analyses showed that ghrelin levels were associated with binge and emotional eating only for higher levels of childhood trauma. Elevated ghrelin was a significant mediator for the association of CSA with binge eating.ConclusionsThese results support the hypothesis that chronic alterations in ghrelin levels following childhood traumatic experiences could represent a neurobiological maintaining factor of pathological overeating behaviors in EDs.
Effects of Agricultural Stressors on Growth and an Immune Status Indicator in Wood Frog (Lithobates sylvaticus) Tadpoles and Metamorphs
Authors: Ruso Gabrielle E. , Hogan Natacha S. , Sheedy Claudia , Gallant Melanie J. , Jardine Timothy D. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Like many amphibians, wood frog (Lithobates sylvaticus) populations have likely declined or experienced local extirpations as a result of habitat alterations. Despite this, wood frogs are still present and breeding in altered landscapes, like the agricultural Prairie Pothole Region of central Canada, and are exposed to a variety of anthropogenic impacts. As tadpoles, water contamination can have negative effects on growth, development, and immune systems. To investigate the potential effects of agricultural land use on tadpole growth and immune system stress, we used boosted regression trees to model body mass, body condition, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratios, a measure of immune stress, against 32 variables including water quality, wetland habitat, and landscape-level measures. Developmental stage strongly influenced all 3 endpoints, and body mass was negatively influenced by higher levels of total dissolved solids (&gt;600–700 mg/L) and at the first sign of pesticide detection (&gt;0.01 proportion pesticides detected of those screened). While correlative, these data suggest that tadpoles developing in agricultural environments may experience survival and reproductive disadvantages if they metamorphose at smaller body sizes. Given the potential impacts this can have on adult frogs and frog populations, these results provide an impetus for further field-based investigation into the effects that pesticides, and especially total dissolved solids, may have on tadpoles. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:2269–2281. © 2021 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Abstract
A graphical summary illustrating the effects of certain water quality variables on tadpole mass (including metamorph mass, but metamorphs are not illustrated). Concentrations of total dissolved solids greater than approximately 600 to 700 mg/L and proportion of pesticides detected &gt;0.01 were associated with lower mass. Ammonia concentrations of approximately 0.5 to 0.75 mg/L and wetland surface area between 4000 and 6000 m2 had small positive effects on mass. TDS = total dissolved solids; Prop. = proportion; DN-Amm = dissolved nitrogen-ammonia; SA = surface area.
Impact of different cooking methods on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rabbit meat
Authors: Siddique Rabia , Zahoor Ameer Fawad , Ahmad Hamad , Zahid Faisal Maqbool , Karrar Emad 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe influence of a variety of cooking methods (poaching, boiling, grilling (charcoal or gas)), frying (pan, deep frying, and stir frying) with a variety of oils (vegetable oil, extra virgin olive oil, sesame oil, extra light olive oil, and sunflower oil), microwaving, and oven roasting on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) formation in rabbit meat samples was investigated. Meat samples (including three replicates) were prepared without additives or spices. PAHs extraction was carried out by saponification method with potassium hydroxide in methanol which was followed by a silica gel column technique and the samples were quantified by using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). PAHs standards, fluorene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, acenaphthalene, fluoranthene, and benzopyrene, were used for this study. The other PAHs except fluorene were not observed (detection limit‐0.009 µg/g) in all the samples. Among traditional processing techniques, higher PAH contents were observed as a result of frying. Frying with vegetable oil produced higher fluorene content (0.06–0.13 µg/g) in the deep‐fried sample, although sesame oil is the best oil which produces lowest PAH contents in fried samples. Among all the processing techniques, lower fluorene (0.01–0.02 µg/g) content was noticed in poaching. Benzo(a)pyrene was not observed in all the investigated samples which is viewed as a reliable strategy of the cooking process for human consumption. After processing, the cooking loss was determined and oven roasting and grilling exhibited greater moisture loss.
Longitudinal changes in regional cerebral blood flow in late middle‐aged and older adults with treated and untreated obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: L'Heureux Francis , Baril Andrée‐Ann , Gagnon Katia , Soucy Jean‐Paul , Lafond Chantal , Montplaisir Jacques , Gosselin Nadia 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with abnormal cerebral perfusion at wakefulness, but whether these anomalies evolve over time is unknown. Here, we examined longitudinal changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) distribution in late middle‐aged and older adults with treated or untreated OSA. Twelve controls (64.8 ± 8.0 years) and 23 participants with newly diagnosed OSA (67.8 ± 6.2 years) were evaluated with polysomnography and cerebral 99mTc‐HMPAO single‐photon emission computed tomography during wakeful rest. OSA participants were referred to a sleep apnea clinic and 13 of them decided to start continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Participants were tested again after 18 months. Voxel‐based analysis and extracted relative rCBF values were used to assess longitudinal changes. Untreated OSA participants showed decreased relative rCBF in the left hippocampus and the right parahippocampal gyrus over time, while treated participants showed trends for increased relative rCBF in the left hippocampus and the right parahippocampal gyrus. No changes were found over time in controls. Untreated OSA is associated with worsening relative rCBF in specific brain areas over time, while treated OSA shows the opposite. Considering that OSA possibly accelerates cognitive decline in older adults, CPAP treatment could help reduce risk for cognitive impairment.
Burden of pancreatic cancer along with attributable risk factors in Europe between 1990 and 2019, and projections until 2039
Authors: Yu Jingru , Yang Xiaorong , He Wei , Ye Weimin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractProjecting the burden of pancreatic cancer over time provides essential information to effectively plan measures for its management and prevention. Here, we obtained data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study between 1990 and 2019, to model how pancreatic cancer will affect the 27 countries of the European Union (EU) plus the United Kingdom (the pre‐Brexit EU‐28) until 2039 by conducting the Bayesian age‐period‐cohort analysis. The number of new pancreatic cancer cases in the EU‐28 was 59 000 in 1990, 109 000 in 2019 and projected to be 147 000 in 2039. This corresponded to 60 000, 109 000 and 155 000 for deaths, and a loss of 1.3 million, 2.0 million and 2.7 million for disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs), respectively. The most pronounced increase of the crude incidence rate was observed and projected to be in the population older than 80 years. The age‐standardized rate (ASR) of incidence, however, increased from 8.6 to 10.1 per 100 000 person‐years during 1990‐2019 but was projected to remain stable during 2019‐2039. At the same time, our models only predicted a mild increase in the ASR of mortality until 2039. The fraction of pancreatic cancer mortality attributable to tobacco consumption decreased during 1990‐2019, but we found upward trends for the attributable fractions for high fasting plasma glucose and high body mass index. In conclusion, a substantial increase in counts of incidence, mortality and DALYs lost of pancreatic cancer in the EU‐28 is projected over the next two decades, which indicates the need for future health policies and interventions.
Bilateral testicular adrenal rest tumors in a patient with nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Authors: Roberts Erica C , Nealon Samantha W , Dhillon Jasreman , Tourtelot John B , McIver Bryan , Sexton Wade J 
Published: May 2021

IntroductionSolid testis tumors in post‐pubertal males usually represent germ cell malignancies; however, other uncommon or rare histologies must be considered.Case presentationWe present a case of an 18‐year‐old male undergoing attempted bilateral partial orchiectomies for suspected germ cell tumors. Tumor pathology, laboratory results, radiographic studies, and post‐surgical elevated adrenocorticotropic hormone levels supported the diagnosis of testicular adrenal rest tumors secondary to previously undiagnosed nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia.ConclusionTesticular adrenal rest tumors are rare in patients with nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia and may be accompanied by adrenal insufficiency and hypogonadism, which can be treated with glucocorticoid therapy and testosterone replacement. Differential diagnosis of tumors is challenging but necessary for proper symptom‐based management.
Enhancing the performance of hybrid evolutionary algorithms in microarray colon data classification
Authors: Nirmalakumari K. , Rajaguru Harikumar 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMicroarray technology aids in monitoring simultaneous gene expressions of human cells for diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases in a single experiment. The microarray data are of high dimension with a large number of genes and fewer samples. Highly informative features and appropriate classifiers are necessary to increase the accuracy of disease classification. In this paper, a publicly available colon cancer dataset is analyzed for classification. At first, Power Spectral Density (PSD) technique is employed to obtain the reduced gene features and after that, they are classified using various types of classifiers for colon cancer classification. To improve the classification accuracy, the hybridized evolutionary classifiers, namely, Artificial Bee Colony‐Firefly (ABC‐Firefly), Artificial Bee Colony‐Particle Swarm Optimization (ABC‐PSO), Particle Swarm Optimization‐Firefly (PSO‐Firefly) are derived from the conventional evolutionary classifiers, namely, Artificial Bee Colony (ABC), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Firefly classifiers. The performance of the three hybridized evolutionary algorithms is compared with the conventional classifiers. Additionally, the comparison was also performed on the conventional and hybridized evolutionary algorithms using Expectation Maximization (EM) and cascaded Power Spectral Density‐Expectation Maximization (PSD‐EM) dimensionality reduction techniques. Although there are many classifiers for colon classification, it is wise to use PSD features with a Hybrid ABC‐PSO classifier for enhanced performance. The experimental results reveal that the Hybrid ABC‐PSO classifier with PSD features achieves 98.96% for colon cancer samples and 100% accuracy for colon normal samples when compared with the other classifiers reported in the literature.
Small nucleolar RNA host genes promoting epithelial–mesenchymal transition lead cancer progression and metastasis
Authors: Biagioni Alessio , Tavakol Shima , Ahmadirad Nooshin , Zahmatkeshan Masoumeh , Magnelli Lucia , Mandegary Ali , Samareh Fekri Hojjat , Asadi Malek Hossein , Mohammadinejad Reza , Ahn Kwang Seok 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe small nucleolar RNA host genes (SNHGs) belong to the long non‐coding RNAs and are reported to be able to influence all three levels of cellular information‐bearing molecules, that is, DNA, RNA, and proteins, resulting in the generation of complex phenomena. As the host genes of the small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), they are commonly localized in the nucleolus, where they exert multiple regulatory functions orchestrating cellular homeostasis and differentiation as well as metastasis and chemoresistance. Indeed, worldwide literature has reported their involvement in the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of different histotypes of cancer, being able to exploit peculiar features, for example, the possibility to act both in the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Moreover, SNHGs regulation is a fundamental topic to better understand their role in tumor progression albeit such mechanism is still debated. Here, we reviewed the biological functions of SNHGs in particular in the EMT process and discussed the perspectives for new cancer therapies.
Inside Front Cover
Authors: Shi Ruheng , Li Yuting , Kong Lingjie 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWide‐field, optical‐sectioning imaging of neural network in the hippocampus of Thy1‐YFP mouse brain, with (up‐right) and without (down‐left) structured illumination. By interleaved reconstruction, we can recover the speed loss in conventional structured illumination microscopy, which makes it promising for large‐scale imaging of biodynamics at high spatio‐temporal resolutions.Further details can be found in the article by Ruheng Shi, Yuting Li, and Lingjie Kong (e202000513)
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Relationship between microsatellite status and immune microenvironment of colorectal cancer and its application to diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Bai Junge , Chen Hongsheng , Bai Xuefeng 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDue to advances in understanding the immune microenvironment of colorectal cancer (CRC), microsatellite classification (dMMR/MSI‐H and pMMR/MSS) has become a key biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC patients and therefore has important clinical value. Microsatellite status is associated with a variety of clinicopathological features and affects drug resistance and the prognosis of patients. CRC patients with different microsatellite statuses have different compositions and distributions of immune cells and cytokines within their tumor microenvironments (TMEs). Therefore, there is great interest in reversing or reshaping CRC TMEs to transform immune tolerant "cold" tumors into immune sensitive "hot" tumors. This requires a thorough understanding of differences in the immune microenvironments of MSI‐H and MSS type tumors. This review focuses on the relationship between CRC microsatellite status and the immune microenvironment. It focuses on how this relationship has value for clinical application in diagnosis and treatment, as well as exploring the limitations of its current application.
Incorporating narrative repair in the treatment of avoidant personality disorders: A case in point
Authors: Lind Majse , Simonsen Sebastian , Dunlop William L. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAvoidant personality disorder (AvPD) is characterized by multiple struggles, including shyness, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to interpersonal judgments. Research indicates that people with AvPD also show disturbances in narrative identity, which is an internal and evolving story created about the personal past, present, and presumed future. Here, the novel Guide for Narrative Repair (GNaR) recently developed by (Thomsen et al., 2020) is introduced as a potentially useful tool to help people with AvPD in crafting more adaptive narrative identities. The guide is brought to life via a case study analysis of Adam, a male outpatient suffering from AvPD. Consistent with the GNaR, disturbances in Adam's storied self are brought to light and ways to facilitate his narrative repair are proposed. We conclude with implications related to the case as well as the potential narrative turn in AvPD treatment.
Kidney stones are common in patients with short‐bowel syndrome receiving long‐term parenteral nutrition: A predictive model for urolithiasis
Authors: Rudziński Marcin , Ławiński Michał , Gradowski Łukasz , Antoniewicz Artur A. , Słodkowski Maciej , Bedyńska Sylwia , Kostro Justyna , Singer Pierre 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundIn short‐bowel syndrome (SBS) treated with parenteral nutrition (PN), multiple complications can occur. The etiology of kidney stones may be linked to the underlying disease thrombosis, surgical complications, complications of therapy for cancer, Crohn's disease, metabolic abnormalities resulting from morphological and functional changes in the gastrointestinal tract, and to treatment used. We analyzed all these parameters in a large cohort of patients receiving home PN (HPN), to define the incidence of stones and groups of patients particularly at risk of stone formation. One of the objectiveswas to develop a predictive model of urolithiasis.MethodsThis observational retrospective study included 459 patients with SBS recieving HPN in a single center. Patient records were evaluated for demographics, SBS etiology, and underlying disease, anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract, intestinal failure classification, nutrition regimen, and presence of urolithiasis.ResultsKidney stones were diagnosed in 24% of patients. Nodifferences in incidence were noted between the various etiologic groups. The incidence in patients with a colon in continuity and those with an end stoma was similar. The length of residual small bowel did not play a role in stone formation. There were no differences between patients according to the severity of intestinal failure. In patients treated with PN and limited oral feeding, the risk of urolithiasis was twice as high as in patients receiving PN only.ConclusionsPatients developed urolithiasis with no relation to the SBS etiology. The risk of kidney stone formation was higher in patients recieving PN with oral feeding.
High‐efficiency transformation of Streptococcus thermophilus using electroporation
Authors: Kong Ling‐Hui , Xiong Zhi‐Qiang , Xia Yong‐Jun , Ai Lian‐Zhong 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDStreptococcus thermophilus, one of the most important lactic acid bacteria, is widely used in food fermentation, which is beneficial to improve food quality. However, the current genetic transformation systems are inefficient for S. thermophilus S‐3, which hinders its further study.RESULTSWe developed three electroporation transformation methods for S. thermophilus S‐3, and optimized various parameters to enhance the transformation efficiency up to 1.3 × 106 CFU/μg DNA, which was 32‐fold higher than that of unoptimized. Additionally, transcriptional analysis showed that a series of competence genes in S. thermophilus S‐3 were remarkedly up‐regulated after optimization, indicating that improvement of transformation efficiency was attributed to the expression level of competence genes. Furthermore, to prove their potential, expression of competence genes (comEA, cbpD and comX) were employed to increase transformation efficiency. The maximum transformation efficiency was obtained by overexpression of comEA, which was 14‐fold higher than that of control.CONCLUSIONThis is the first report of competence gene expression for enhancing transformability in S. thermophilus, which exerts a positive effect on the development of desirable characteristics strains. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
High anchoring photoalignment material based on new photo‐induced hole dipoles' mechanism
Authors: Muravsky Alexander A. , Murauski Anatoli A. , Kukhta Iryna N. , Yakovleva Alina S. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractFlat nonprofiled surface of photoalignment AtA‐2 azo‐dye layer possesses simultaneously low molecular orientation anisotropy and strong azimuthal anchoring energy. We explain how flat surface of alignment layer orients nematic liquid crystal and show the existence of the new photoalignment mechanism based on photo‐induced hole dipole moments in the azo‐dye layer. The dependence of anchoring energy coefficient on the square of dipole moments of the alignment layer and the liquid crystal layer is formulated, grounding the idea of chemical modification of AtA‐2 azo‐dye with molecular dipole moment ~16D to obtain novel high anchoring photoalignment material. The new AtA‐0042 azo‐dye with molecular dipole moment ~27.5D is synthesized and experimentally verified. Strong azimuthal anchoring energy over >1.4 × 10−4 J/m2 is obtained for AtA‐0042 photoalignment material layer with ~40 mJ/cm2 exposure dose.