bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE ROLE OF WOMEN EMPOWERMENT TOWARDS HOUSEHOLD POVERTY REDUCTION: EVIDENCE FROM PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
Authors: Sarwar Ambreen , Chaudhry Mumtaz Anwar 
Published: May 2021

Purpose of the study: This study intends to examine the impact of various dimensions of women empowerment on multiple constituents of household poverty in the three cities (Lahore, Multan and, Rawalpindi) of province Punjab, Pakistan.
Methodology: The primary data was gathered from a sample of 2400 married and employed females belonging to the three cities of Punjab, Pakistan. For analysis, the study develops its own all-embracing Women Empowerment and Household Poverty variables using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and examines the relationship between the empowerment of women and household poverty using structural equation modeling (SEM).
Main Findings: The results show that women empowerment positively and significantly contributes towards household poverty reduction.
Applications of this study: Since poverty is one of the greatest challenges that Pakistan is facing today, the need to change poor standards of living and inspiring women to contribute effectively to society through their active participation in the development process is the dire need of time. The results of the study suggest that in addition to targeting poverty directly, policies should be devised that eradicate poverty through the empowerment of women.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The majority of the past studies have limited generalizability because they use already available surveys/published data, having limited dimensions/indicators of women empowerment and household poverty. Moreover, the past studies that have examined the phenomenon of women empowerment ignore its psychological dimensions. Therefore, because of minimal comprehensive investigation, the examination of the effect of the empowerment of women on household poverty remains a topic of interest for the researchers.
IMPACT OF WORKFORCE DIVERSITY ON ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE: A CASE OF UNIVERSITIES OF PAKISTAN
Authors: Aurangzeb  , Lohana Kamleshwer , Bibi Nazia , Rehman Ishtiaq ur , Alizai Shahida Habib 
Published: May 2021

Purpose of the Study: The present research was undertaken to determine the impact of workforce diversity taxonomy like diversity climate, value, organizational justice, and identity on various dimensions of organizational culture.
Methodology: A sample of 117 university teachers selected from the university and higher educational institutions in Pakistan. Convenient sampling techniques were used to collect the data through a Google survey, using workforce diversity.
taxonomy inventory and organizational culture questionnaire. Data analyzed by using a t-test to compare the mean scores of various dichotomized groups to see the effect of workforce diversity taxonomy on organizational culture with the help of the SPSS package.
Principal Findings: Results revealed that workforce diversity taxonomy like diversity climate, value, organizational justice, and identity significantly influenced organizational culture and its various dimensions. Perceived high and low respondents’ workforce diversity taxonomy differed significantly on organizational culture.
Applications of the study: This study can formulate strategies to improve workforce diversity in universities and higher educational institutions in emerging economies like Pakistan.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The present research contributes to the literature on perceived workforce diversity taxonomy and organizational culture in terms of autonomy, trust, communication, transparency, interpersonal relation, decision making, and overall organizational culture, particularly in university and higher educational institution’s teachers.
Diseño y modelado del robot PA-10 virtual para aplicaciones quirúrgicas
Authors: Fernández-Riomalo Carlos Eduardo , Guástar-Morillo Héctor Andrés , Vivas-Albán Oscar Andrés 
Published: May 2021

El trabajo presenta la implementación de un simulador quirúrgico virtual para operaciones de laparoscopia utilizando asistentes robóticos. Para este tipo de simuladores son necesarios tres robots: un robot portaendoscopio (en este caso se utiliza un robot Hibou) y dos robots quirúrgicos (en este caso un robot Lapbot y un robot tipo PA-10). Los tres robots son manejados por joystick en un ejercicio de extracción de vesícula biliar (colecistectomía), y se incluyen en el ejercicio algoritmos de deformación que modifican los órganos al contacto del órgano terminal del robot PA-10, imprimiéndole mayor realismo al simulador. Los resultados proporcionan la base de un simulador quirúrgico utilizando tres robots asistenciales, en un ejercicio común en laparoscopia, ideal para el entrenamiento de nuevos cirujanos.
Desarrollo de un método de simulación física de zonas térmicamente afectadas en soldaduras de acero, para estudios de propagación de grietas por fatiga
Authors: Atehortua-López Daniel Fernando , Catacolí-Pereira Ramiro , Aguilar-Castro Yesid , Sánchez-Sthepa Héctor , Sabirov Ilchat 
Published: May 2021

Se presenta el desarrollo de un método de simulación física, a través del sistema Gleeble, de las zonas térmicamente afectadas de uniones soldadas de aceros estructurales (A283 Gr. C y A106 Gr. B), para el estudio de la propagación de grietas por fatiga. Para ello fue necesario utilizar probetas de 90 mm de largo, 49,5 mm de ancho y 7 mm de espesor, en una configuración que no se encuentra dentro de los estándares del sistema para este tipo de simulaciones. Con este método se reprodujeron satisfactoriamente, y por separado, en diferentes probetas del metal base correspondiente, la zona de grano fino, la zona de grano grueso y una zona de múltiples pasadas presentes en uniones soldadas fabricadas por FCAW. Las zonas simuladas fueron reproducibles, homogéneas, no presentaron defectos ni tensiones residuales y tuvieron un tamaño considerablemente grande, además que las características microestructurales (como el tamaño de grano y el porcentaje de fases) fueron muy similares a su contraparte real, lo que permitió estudiar por primera vez el efecto neto de la microestructura sobre el comportamiento a la fatiga en estas zonas. De esta manera, el desarrollo realizado permitió aumentar considerablemente las aplicaciones y las ventajas que esta técnica puede tener, además de mejorar la comprensión del comportamiento a la fatiga de las soldaduras de acero.
Efecto del rendimiento del combustible en la decisión de compra de vehículo
Authors: Morales-Rodríguez Julián Eduardo , Ortiz-Durán Deysy Jeannette , Márquez-Díaz Luis Gabriel 
Published: May 2021

El artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación que se realizó con el propósito de estudiar el efecto del rendimiento del combustible en la adquisición de un vehículo nuevo. La metodología se basó en una encuesta de preferencias declaradas, en el contexto de un experimento de elección de dos alternativas no etiquetadas que se caracterizan por el costo del auto y el rendimiento del combustible. Con los datos acopiados se estimó un modelo Logit Multinomial, que permitió estudiar diferentes escenarios de elección. Se encontró que, en promedio, los individuos están dispuestos a pagar $1.020.000 por mejorar en 1 km/galón el rendimiento del combustible, este valor puede servir de referencia a la industria automotriz en el esfuerzo por producir vehículos de mayor rendimiento.
Comportamiento a fatiga térmica de la capa de anclaje de nuevas barreras térmicas cerámicas obtenidas mediante proyección por plasma atmosférico
Authors: Carpio Pablo , Salvador-Moya María Dolores , Borrell Amparo , Sánchez Enrique 
Published: May 2021

El desarrollo de nuevos materiales cerámicos para aplicarlos en recubrimientos protectores frente a la temperatura, también conocidos como barreras térmicas (Thermal Barrier Coatings o TBC), es de gran interés para muchos sectores, entre los que destacan las industrias de generación de energía, aeronáutica y automovilística. En este trabajo se realizó un estudio del comportamiento a fatiga térmica, centrado en la respuesta de uno de los componentes que constituyen una TBC: la capa de anclaje. Los distintos componentes de la TBC fueron depositados mediante la técnica de proyección térmica por plasma atmosférico (Atmospheric Plasma Spraying o APS). Se estudió la microestructura y la composición de la capa de anclaje a lo largo de los ciclos térmicos de estudio.
Planeación y ejecución de trayectorias en el espacio de trabajo para un robot Delta
Authors: Flórez-Vergara Diego Edissón , Castro-Riveros Fabián Camilo , Castillo-Estepa Ricardo Andrés 
Published: May 2021

En este artículo se expone una técnica de planeación y ejecución de trayectorias en el espacio cartesiano para ser aplicada en un robot delta. Con el fin de configurar y generar la trayectoria deseada, se diseña un software con interfaz gráfica (GUI), en el cual se implementa el algoritmo para calcular y visualizar los puntos intermedios de movimiento del robot en el espacio de trabajo. Para validar la trayectoria generada es utilizado un robot delta, diseñado y construido en el laboratorio de Robótica de la Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, el cual es controlado por medio de un circuito electrónico que permite la implementación adecuada de la técnica propuesta. De esta manera, es posible validar sobre el robot real las trayectorias calculadas por el algoritmo y visualizadas con el software de simulación.
Nanopartículas magnéticas de zinc y calcio para aplicaciones en hipertermia magnética
Authors: Jasso-Terán Rosario Argentina , Cortés-Hernández Dora Alicia , Sánchez-Fuentes Héctor Javier , Reyes-Rodríguez Pamela Yajaira , León-Prado Laura Elena 
Published: May 2021

El cáncer es la segunda causa de muerte en el mundo. El tratamiento alternativo de hipertermia magnética consiste en elevar la temperatura de las células cancerígenas por medio de nanopartículas magnéticas. En este trabajo se presenta la síntesis y la caracterización de dos ferritas de zinc-calcio (Zn0.50Ca0.50Fe2O4 y Zn0.25Ca0.75Fe2O4). La síntesis de estas ferritas se llevó a cabo por el método de sol-gel, con posterior calcinación a 400 °C. La ferrita Zn0.50Ca0.50Fe2O4 (ZCF050) presentó una magnetización de 31.31 emu/g, y la ferrita Zn0.25Ca0.75Fe2O4 (ZCF075), de 38.30 emu/g. El tamaño de partícula promedio fue de 14 nm para la ZCF050 y de 12 nm para la ZCF075. Adicionalmente, se realizaron pruebas de bioactividad in vitro mediante la inmersión de muestras en un fluido fisiológico simulado por 21 días bajo condiciones fisiológicas de pH y temperatura. Se encontró que solo la ZCF075 fue bioactiva. La habilidad de calentamiento de las ferritas se evaluó utilizando un equipo de inducción magnética en estado sólido. Las condiciones de trabajo fueron las siguientes: un campo magnético de 10.2 kA/m y una frecuencia de 362 kHz. La ferrita ZCF050 alcanzó una temperatura de 41.2 °C, utilizando una concentración de ferrita/agua de 20 mg/2ml. La ferrita ZCF075 no logró alcanzar los 40 °C. Los resultados obtenidos del análisis de la ferrita ZCF050 indicaron que es un material potencial para su uso en tratamientos de cáncer por hipertermia magnética.
An Efficient CNN Model for Automated Digital Handwritten Digit Classification
Authors: Biswas Angona , Islam Md. Saiful 
Published: May 2021

Background: Handwriting recognition becomes an appreciable research area because of its important practical applications, but varieties of writing patterns make automatic classification a challenging task. Classifying handwritten digits with a higher accuracy is needed to improve the limitations from past research, which mostly used deep learning approaches.Objective: Two most noteworthy limitations are low accuracy and slow computational speed. The current study is to model a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), which is simple yet more accurate in classifying English handwritten digits for different datasets. Novelty of this paper is to explore an efficient CNN architecture that can classify digits of different datasets accurately.Methods: The author proposed five different CNN architectures for training and validation tasks with two datasets. Dataset-1 consists of 12,000 MNIST data and Dataset-2 consists of 29,400-digit data of Kaggle. The proposed CNN models extract the features first and then performs the classification tasks. For the performance optimization, the models utilized stochastic gradient descent with momentum optimizer.Results: Among the five models, one was found to be the best performer, with 99.53% and 98.93% of validation accuracy for Dataset-1 and Dataset-2 respectively. Compared to Adam and RMSProp optimizers, stochastic gradient descent with momentum yielded the highest accuracy.Conclusion: The proposed best CNN model has the simplest architecture. It provides a higher accuracy for different datasets and takes less computational time. The validation accuracy of the proposed model is also higher than those of in past works.
Chemtables: A Dataset for Semantic Classification on Tables in Chemical Patents
Authors: Zhai Zenan , Druckenbrodt Christian , Thorne Camilo , Akhondi Saber , Ngueyn Dat Quoc , Cohn Trevor , Verspoor Karin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Chemical patents are a commonly used channel for disclosing novel compounds and reactions, and hence represent important resources for chemical and pharmaceutical research. Key chemical data in patents is often presented in tables. Both the number and the size of tables can be very large in patent documents. In addition, various types of information can be presented in tables in patents, including spectroscopic and physical data, or pharmacological use and effects of chemicals. Since images of Markush structures and merged cells are commonly used in these tables, their structure also shows substantial variation. This heterogeneity in content and structure of tables in chemical patents makes relevant information difficult to find. We therefore propose a new text mining task of automatically categorising tables in chemical patents based on their contents. Categorisation of tables based on the nature of their content can help to identify tables containing key information, improving the accessibility of information in patents that is highly relevant for new inventions. For developing and evaluating methods for the table classification task, we developed a new dataset, called ChemTables, which consists of 788 chemical patent tables with labels of their content type. We introduce this data set in detail. We further establish strong baselines for the table classification task in chemical patents by applying state-of-the-art neural network models developed for natural language processing, including TabNet, ResNet and Table-BERT on ChemTables. The best performing model, Table-BERT, achieves a performance of 88.66 micro F1 score on the table classification task. Availability: The ChemTables dataset is publicly available at http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/g7tjh7tbrj.1, subject to the CC BY NC 3.0 license. Code/models evaluated in this work are in a Github repository https://github.com/zenanz/ChemTables.
A Study on Power-Controlled Wire-Arc Additive Manufacturing using a Data-driven Surrogate Model
Authors: Israr Rameez , Buhl Johannes , Bambach Markus 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Wire-Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) provides an alternative for the production of various metal products needed in medium to large batch sizes due to its high deposition rates. However, the cyclic heat input in WAAM may cause local overheating. To avoid adverse effects on the performance of the part, interlayer dwelling and active cooling are used, but these measures increase the process time. Alternatively, the temperature during the WAAM process could be controlled by optimizing the welding power. The present work aims at introducing and implementing a novel temperature management approach by adjusting the weld-bead cross-section along with the welding power to reduce the heat accumulation in the WAAM process. The temperature evolution during welding of weld beads of different cross-sections is investigated and a database of the relation between optimal welding power for beads of various sizes and different pre-heating temperatures was established. The numerical results are validated experimentally with a block-shaped geometry. The results show that by the proposed method, the test shape made was welded with lower energy consumption and process time as compared to conventional constant-power WAAM. The proposed approach efficiently manages the thermal input and reduces the need for pausing the process. Hence, the defects related to heat accumulation might be reduced, and the process efficiency increased.
The costs of keeping schools open during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Haw David , Forchini Giovanni , Christen Paula , Bajaj Sumali , Hogan Alexandra , Winskill Peter , Miraldo Marisa , White Peter , Ghani Azra , Ferguson Neil , Smith Peter , Hauck Katharina 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
There is a trade-off between restrictions on the education sector and other economic sectors in the control of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Here we integrate a dynamic model of SARS-CoV-2 transmission with a 63-sector economic model reflecting sectoral heterogeneity in transmission and economic interdependence between sectors. We identify control strategies which optimize economic production while keeping schools and universities operational, and constraining infections such that emergency hospital capacity is not exceeded. We estimate an economic gain of between £163bn (24%) and £205bn (31%) for the United Kingdom compared to a blanket lockdown of non-essential activities over six months, depending on hospital capacity. Sectors identified as priorities for closures are contact-intensive, produce few crucial inputs for other sectors and/or are less economically productive. Partial closures over some months are required for retail trade, hospitality, accommodation, creative activities, arts, entertainment, and personal services including hairdressing and beauty treatments under most scenarios.
The Deceleration of Radio/Light Transmission; A Collision Mechanism Dependent Radio Signal Emission, Transmission, and Reception
Authors: Zhang Jing 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The fast and slow fading of radio signal transmissions or laser beam itself and its spare light confirm the presence of two kinds of collisions --- electron-photon and photon-photon collision. Photon transmissions of radio signals are either in consecutive dense photon groups in slow fading process or widespread group pattern in fast fading form. The photon transmission shapes are irregular and dynamical changes. The radio frequency shift and the wavelength reduction by the calculation demonstrate decelerations of radio/light transmission speeds due to the gradual reduced distance between two consecutive photon groups along the transmission pathway. Photons from radio signals are able to affect electron movements in radio signal receiving process and electrons able to kick photons into space during radio signal emission. The pattern of free electron movement under the influence of local electromagnetic force in antenna is consistent with the randomly dynamic changes of radio signal in space. The fast fading is due to the collision of consecutive photon groups of signals in slow fading with free photons in space. The mathematical equation for the relationship between light/radio transmission speeds before and after photons collisions is established. The equation is confirmed by the calculations of well-known difference of light transmission speeds in different media. The gravities from Earth and Sun play little role during light/radio transmission.
Phenotypic Intrafamilial Variability Including H Syndrome and Rosai Dorfman Disease Associated With the Same c.1088G&gt;A mutation in the SLC29A3 gene.
Authors: CHOUK Hamza , REJEB Mohamed BEN , BOUSSOFARA Lobna , MABROUK Haïfa EL , GHARIANI Najet , SR Badreddine , SAAD Ali , H'MIDA Dorra , DENGUEZLI Mohamed 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMutations in the SLC29A3 gene, which encodes the nucleoside transporter hENT3, has been implicated in syndromic forms of Histiocytosis including H syndrome, pigmented hypertrichosis with insulin-dependent diabetes, Faisalabad histiocytosis and Familial Rosai Dorfman disease (RDD). Herein, we report five new patients from a single family who present with phenotypes that associate features of H syndrome and Familial Rosai Dorfman Disease.MethodsWe investigated the clinical, biochemical, histopathological and molecular findings in five Tunisian family Members' diagnosed with Familial RDD and/or H syndrome. The solute carrier family 29 (nucleoside transporters), member 3 (SLC29A3) gene was screened for molecular diagnosis using direct Sanger sequencing.ResultsGenetic analysis of all affected individuals revealed a previously reported missense mutation c.1088 G>A [p.Arg363Gln] in exon 6 of the SLC29A3 gene. Four affected members presented with clinical features consistent with the classical H syndrome phenotype. While their cousin’s features were in keeping with the diagnosis of Familial Rosai Dorfman disease with a previously undescribed cutaneous RDD presenting as erythematous nodular plaques on the face. This report underlines the clinical variability of SLC29A3 disorders even with an identical mutation in the same family.ConclusionWe report a rare event of 5 Tunisian family Members' found to be homozygous for SLC29A3 gene mutations but showing a different phenotype severity. Our study reveals that despite a single mutation, the clinical expression of the SLC29A3 disorders may be significantly heterogeneous suggesting a poor genotype-phenotype correlation for the disease.
Security Enhancement of 2-D DIM Codes using 4 x 1 NOR Logic based on FISO
Authors: Kaur Simarpreet , Singh Simranjit 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Security enhancement and bandwidth increase are requirements of ultrafast future optical code division networks that also minimise the latency at nodes without distressing the traffic performance. In OCDMA systems, eavesdropper tries to breach the optical code, and encoded/encrypted data in order to get correct code word of legitimate user. For security enhancement, an ultra high speed 4×100 Gbps two dimensional Diagonal identity matrix (2D-DIM) code and four input single output (FISO) all optical logic gate (AOLG) with private key encryption is proposed and its performance in terms of security is analyzed. Expressions for synchronous and asynchronous transmissions are derived for proposed work and it is perceived that asynchronous transmission has better security. Further performance/security analysis is carried out for different scenarios such as with/without FISO, with 1D-DIM/2D-DIM codes, using 4×1 AND gate/NOR gate in terms of correct code detection rate (CCDR), max. eye amplitude (MEA), Received Q factor, Signal to noise ratio (SNR) at different launched power levels for legitimate user and eavesdropper. Eavesdropper attacked the proposed system but due to FISO layering, private key encryption, and 2D-DIM codes, cannot get acceptable level of CCDR. To the best of author’s knowledge, proposed system is ultra high speed with enhanced security and no reported studies have investigated security enhancement at this much ultra high speed.