bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meta-analytic Re-assessment of the Validity of Miller Forensic Assessment Test for Detection of Malingering
Authors: Cernovsky Zack Z. 
Published: July 2021

Background: The Miller Forensic Assessment of Symptoms Test (M-FAST) is used widely for the assessment of malingering of medical symptoms. Its validity has allegedly been supported by meta-analytic study of M-FAST in 2019 by Detullio et al. Credibility of Detullio’s results is damaged by an inclusion of data based on analog validation and also on dubious convergent validation procedures that falsify estimates of M-FAST’s validity.
Method: In the present study, the meta-analysis was calculated on 3 types of M-FAST data: (1) 5 samples of scores of healthy persons instructed to respond honestly, (2) 5 samples of scores of medical patients, and (3) 10 samples of scores of healthy persons instructed to feign mental illness (so called “instructed malingerers”).
Results: In an ANOVA (F(2,815)=398.50, p<.0001), significantly lowest M-FAST scores were those of healthy controls (mean=1.59, SD=2.80), the next significantly higher scores were those of legitimate patients (mean=4.85, SD=4.22), and the instructed malingerers had significantly highest scores (mean=12.34, SD=5.71).
Discussion: The significant difference between healthy controls and patients shows that inferences from analog validations of the M-FAST are inherently false. Furthermore, data of legitimate patients with severe psychiatric illness suggested that they may face the risk of about 50% to be falsely classified as malingerers by the M-FAST. Moreover, almost all validations of the M-FAST were done only with “instructed malingerers” (healthy volunteers instructed to feign symptoms). This overestimates the test’s capacity to detect real-life malingerers. Montes and Guyton documented that “instructed malingerers” warned to avoid detection score much lower than the unwarned ones (effect size: Cohen’s d=3.05). M-FAST’s capacity for detection of real-life malingerers may be extremely low, in particular those more genuinely motivated to evade detection, well prepared, better educated, and systematically feigning only a few specific symptoms such as depression, pain, and insomnia.
Conclusion: The M-FAST should no longer be used.
Assessment of Awareness, Knowledge and Related Behaviours Towards COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study of Clients and Health Care Workers in Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics in Anyigba, North Central Nigeria
Authors: Akogu Simon , Alexander-Onoja Rosemary , Agbana Busayo , Idachaba Timothy 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: COVID-19 is a viral disease that was first seen in Wuhan China in December 2019. Nigeria had its first case of COVID 19 in February 2020.
Healthcare workers in obstetrics and gynecology clinics are front line health workers because while they are providing reproductive health services, they are prone to encountering persons with transmissible COVID19 disease.
Aim: The aim of this study is to assess awareness, knowledge and related behaviors of clients and Healthcare workers in obstetrics and Gynecology clinics towards COVID 19 and its preventive strategies.
Subjects and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that was done among health workers in Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics in four hospitals in Anyigba North Central Nigeria and the attendees of these clinics. The questionnaire sought to assess awareness, knowledge and related behaviors of clients and Healthcare workers in obstetrics and Gynecology clinics towards COVID 19 and its preventive strategies. Data was collected from the 1st of July to the end of September 2020.
Results: One thousand and 48 (1,048) respondents were studied. Majority of the respondents 52.3% knew of corona virus through television, followed by other media (19.7%) and from health workers (17.7%). Only 9.9% heard of corona virus through the radio. The mean percentage score for knowledge transmission and prevention of COVID-19 is 76.6% ranging between 58.9% and 90.2%.
Conclusion: The respondents demonstrated high level of awareness, knowledge, and acceptable positive behavior towards the COVID-19 pandemic necessary to guarantee service modifications to prevent person to person transmission.
A Review of Hematological Malignancy in Pregnancy
Authors: Mohd Sakri Noor Asikin , Nusee Zalina , Ahmad Mustafa Ahmad Muzamir , Husin Roziah 
Published: July 2021

Hematological malignancy in pregnancy is a rare condition which leads to lack of prospective study and randomized control trial. Nevertheless, it has own challenge to the medical field in term of managing patient with the said condition. The dilemma is to decide among the necessities of continuation of pregnancy, the choice of diagnostic tools and chemotherapeutic drugs, and the timing of initiation treatment without disregarding the women's wish and preferences. The process often has a profound psychological burden on patients and family members. Furthermore, delays in diagnosis and intervention will adversely affect the outcomes of pregnancy and the disease itself. The effect of teratogenicity of chemotherapeutic drugs on the fetus and the progression of the disease during pregnancy are the main concern in treating this group of patients. This article will review the management and outcomes of 6 cases of hematological malignancy in pregnancy in one center (3 Hodgkin lymphoma, 1 chronic myeloid leukemia, 1 hairy cell leukemia, and 1 myeloproliferative neoplasms). The outcomes of the pregnancy cases in this article were five successful live births with one case of early neonatal death due to prematurity with a history of second-trimester loss. The treatment was initiated during the second trimester to reduce the risk of chemotherapy to the fetus. Even though a few cases had fetal growth compromise but the fetal outcomes seem to be good with early interventions and multidisciplinary approached.
Knowledge, Attitude and Preparedness of Healthcare Workers Toward an Outbreak of Ebola Viral Disease
Authors: Idowu Omobolanle E. , Adefolalu Adegoke O. , Chetty Dayanithee 
Published: July 2021

Background: Preparedness is key in terms of the healthcare system capacity to react appropriately to an outbreak of any infectious disease in epidemic proportion. Following the Ebola viral disease outbreak that started in West Africa around 2014, which subsequently spread to the DR Congo, with high mortality rates largely attributed to unpreparedness among the healthcare workers, the need for getting all stakeholders involved in healthcare services to be prepared for possible disease outbreaks can never be overemphasized and has since been recognized in many countries including South Africa. This study was conducted to describe the knowledge, attitude and preparedness of healthcare workers towards a possible outbreak of Ebola viral disease at a large private health institution in Pretoria.
Method: We conducted a cross-sectional study using self-administered questionnaires among a conveniently sampled 150 healthcare workers at a large private hospital. A total of 133 valid questionnaires were collected (response rate = 89%). The data was analyzed with SPSS and results presented using percentages, proportions, and frequency tables.
Results: The finding revealed more female (93%) than male, modal age-group was 31-40yr (37%), and most were African (89%). The perceived lack clinical experts who could manage EVD and the fear of contracting the disease were the main concerns of these health professionals. Majority of the participants demonstrated only basic knowledge of EVD but acknowledged the readiness of the nation’s health system to deal with any outbreaks.
Conclusion: The participants’ insufficient understanding of some aspects of the EVD showed the gaps in their knowledge and the apparent unpreparedness for possible Ebola outbreaks. Therefore, there is need for further education and training among the healthcare workers about how EVD is transmitted and the appropriate measures of disease control and prevention applicable to Ebola virus disease.
Knowledge of Exclusive Breastfeeding among Nursing Mothers Attending under 5 Welfare Clinic in a Nigerian Tertiary Health Institution
Authors: Ekeleme N. C. , Iwuoha E. C. , Ijeoma S. N. , Ejikem P. I. 
Published: July 2021

Background: Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF) offers important protective effects on child survival. Knowledge on EBF is a prerequisite to enhance its practice among nursing mothers.
Objective: To determine the knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding practice among nursing mothers attending Under-5 Welfare Clinic in a tertiary health facility in Nigeria.
Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study involving 333 nursing mothers. Pre-tested self/interviewer administered questionnaires were used to obtain information from consenting eligible women. Knowledge was assessed using a 12-point score and classified as good or poor. Data obtained was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25.
Results: Our respondents had a mean age of 31±4.9years while 84.7% were 27 years and above. Majority were married (93.1%) with 57% of them having at least two (2) living children. Well over half of the respondents had attained a tertiary education. Antenatal care (ANC) was attended by 94.9% of the women where 96.8% said they had received advice on EBF. A total of 86% of the women had good knowledge score of EBF. Educational status and occupation showed statistically significant association with knowledge of EBF among the mothers (p=<0.001 and p=0.018) respectively while marital status (p=0.046), number of living children (p=0.001), educational status (p=<0.001) and occupation (p=0.050) all showed significant association with ANC attendance.
Conclusion: The effect of female education on knowledge of health issues is brought to the fore by the findings of this study. More emphasis on delivering at health facilities where information to women on the practice of optimal breastfeeding is readily available will go a long way to reduce the infant and maternal mortality rates in Nigeria.
COVID-19 Pandemic: Lethal and Non-lethal Drifts
Authors: Cornelli Umberto 
Published: July 2021

is very variable since there are countries that differ up to two orders of magnitude.
Objective: To analyze the positive/deaths ratio up to May 24, 2021, in the European countries on the light of asymptomatic subjects and determine if the presence of non-mortal drifts can justify the present deaths decay.
Methods: The data of the European countries were retrieved from the WHO coronavirus dashboard. Italy was taken as example to calculate the differences among regions in the same country, and the relative data were taken from the Official Bulletin. Statistical analysis was based on the ODDS ratio.
Results: True asymptomatic subjects are difficult to be calculated and the differences among the deaths ratio can be due to the presence of non-mortal drifts.
Conclusions: The non-mortal drift should be considered as one of the reasons of the present death decay, and vaccinations can accelerate this process.
Anti-androgenic Impact of Nauclea latifolia on Testicular Weight, Testosterone, Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Glycogen Granules of the Testes
Authors: Bassey Eno-Obong I. , Edem Gabriel D. , Okon Kingsley A. , Aquaisua Aquaisua N. 
Published: July 2021

Purpose: Over time, plants have been a major source of medicine to treat and cure various ailments and diseases. In many cases, the dosages and standardization of these herbal products have been so ignored that it results in these products causing damages to certain organs of the body unnoticed. The impact of ethanolic leaf extract of Nauclea latifolia on the testes was determined using Wistar rats.
Method: 500, 1000 and 1500 mg of ethanolic leaf extract of Nauclea latifolia /kg body weight was administered for 21 days to 4 groups of animals (n=10). Blood sample was taken for hormonal assay, testicular weight measured, and histological procedure done, and the tissues stained with PAS.
Results: Result from hormonal assay showed reduced level of testosterone and follicle stimulating hormone. After histological staining using periodic acid Schiff method (PAS) and subsequent examination using a compound microscope, there was a reduced level of glycogen granules in all the Nauclea latifolia groups. Findings from this study also showed that the ethanolic leaf extract of Nauclea latifolia at all doses significantly reduced testicular weight (p<0.05).
Conclusion: This study reveals that Nauclea latifolia is anti-androgenic.
Social Determinants and Ethnic Factors Associated with a New Spatial Distribution of Maternal Mortality for a City of Colombia (2000-2019)
Authors: Pelaez Freire Julian A. , Carillo Mauricio Hernández , Castillo Liliana Arias , Holguin Ruiz Jorge A. , Herrera Murgueitio Julian A. 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Maternal mortality in our region observed a significative reduction, however, it continues to be a a public health problem. In Cali-Colombia was traditionally concentrated in the eastern and hillside areas and with high prevalence of afroamerican patients.
Materials and methods: To analyze the behavior of maternal mortality during the last twenty years in the city, an ecological analytical study of spatial correlation was carried out including in the analysis, economic, sociocultural and health care factors. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyzes were performed.
Results: The spatial analysis showed clusters of maternal mortality in the northern and central areas of the city. As a risk factor for maternal mortality, it was observed that in pregnant women belonging to the mixed ethnic backgrounds and spanic white ethnicity from low socioeconomic income (IRR: 1.13, 95% CI 1.03-1.24). Access to basic education (OR: 0.66, 95% CI 0.53-0.83), attendance at prenatal care (OR: 0.95 95% CI 0.93-0.98) and access to health institutions (OR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.95-0-97) identified as protective factors for maternal mortality.
Conclusion: The clusters for maternal-perinatal mortality in the city during the last two decades had a significant spatial change with a new pattern of risk factors associated to maternal mortality.
Dynamic Games with Incomplete Knowledge in Metric Spaces
Authors: Konnov Igor 
Published: July 2021

We describe a model of a discrete time dynamic system with active elements (players). All the system states are contained in a set of a metric space. Each state is associated with the common
system utility value and player shares. Feasible coalitions of players can change the system state, but each move requires certain expenses. We suppose that the players may have only restricted and local knowledge about the system. We define the concept of an equilibrium state in this dynamic game and present iterative algorithms that create feasible trajectories tending to equilibrium states under rather general
conditions.
GAYA HIDUP DAN HASIL BELAJAR MANAJEMEN KEUANGAN TERHADAP PERILAKU PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN MAHASISWA
Authors: Rozaini Noni , Purwita Suci 
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Gaya Hidup dan Hasil Belajar Manajemen Keuangan Terhadap Perilaku Pengelolaan Keuangan Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Bisnis 2016 Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Negeri Medan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 96 Mahasiswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah metode Total Sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah angket sebanyak 47 soal untuk variabel Gaya Hidup dan Pengelolaan Keuangan, sementara nilai akhir Hasil Belajar Manajemen Keuangan untuk mengukur Hasil Belajar Manajemen Keuangan. Secara simultan, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel Gaya Hidup dan Hasil elajar Manajemen Keuangan terdapat Pengaruh positif dan signifikan Terhadap Perilaku Pengelolaan Keuangan pada Mahasiswa dengan nilai Fhitung > Ftabel (10,224 > 3,09) dan signifikan sebesar 0,000 < 0,005. Variabel Gaya Hidup dan Hasil Belajar Manajemen Keuangan memberikan Pengaruh sebesar 11,5% Terhadap Perilaku Pengelolaaan Keuangan.
KELAYAKAN USAHA MINYAK KELAPA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN PETANI DI KECAMATAN SEI KEPAYANG BARAT
Authors: Matondang Khairani Alawiyah 
Published: July 2021

Kelapa merupakan tanaman yang memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan,. Dari sebuah buah kelapa dapat dikembangkan bermacam-macam produk yang memiliki nilai tambah yang lebih besar. Potensi perkebunan kelapa yang ada di Kecamatan Sei Kepayang Barat memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan. Pengembangan produk turunan kelapa memiliki peluang besar meningkatkan pendapatan petani. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kecamatan Sei Kepayang Barat dengan menggunakan metode analisis kelayakan finansial. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui nilai tambah buah kelapa melalui produk turunannya minyak kelapa. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa usaha minyak kelapa dapat dikembangkan melalui bumdes Kelapa merupakan tanaman yang memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan,. Dari sebuah buah kelapa dapat dikembangkan bermacam-macam produk yang memiliki nilai tambah yang lebih besar. Potensi perkebunan kelapa yang ada di Kecamatan Sei Kepayang Barat memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan. Pengembangan produk turunan kelapa memiliki peluang besar meningkatkan pendapatan petani. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kecamatan Sei Kepayang Barat dengan menggunakan metode analisis kelayakan finansial. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui nilai tambah buah kelapa melalui produk turunannya minyak kelapa. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa usaha minyak kelapa dapat dikembangkan melalui bumdes
DAMPAK PENGGUNAAN GADGET TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN SOSIO-EMOSIONAL ANAK DI RA DWP 1 KANWIL DEPAG PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGAH
Authors: Hasanah Nurul , Hakim Moh. Arfan , Yusuf Khaeruddin 
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dampak penggunaan gadget terhadap perkembangan sosio-emosional anak serta solusi untuk anak yang sudah ketergantungan oleh gadget agar perkembangan sosio-emosionalnya tidak terganggu di RA DWP 1 Kanwil Depag Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan analisisnya menggunakan tiga alur kegiatan yakni reduksi data, penyajian data dan verifikasi data menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi metode. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada beberapa anak yang sosio emosionalnya terganggu namun kognitifnya berkembangan karena adanya gadget. dan ada juga beberapa anak yang mahir bahasa inggris melalui gadget tanpa orang tuanya ajari, mereka hanya melihat dan mendegar dari gadgetnya, ada juga yang sudah pintar menulis dan mengenali huruf dari gadget melalui pembiasaan orang tua namun melalui gadget juga. Terlepas dari itu ada juga yang terkena dampak negatifnya seperti susah tidur, tidak terkontrolnya emosi atau agresif, mudah marah, terpapar radiasi dan sensitif. Adapun solusi untuk anak yang sudah ketergantungan oleh gadget yaitu: pilih sesuai dengan usianya, selektif dalam memilih aplikasi permainan dalam gadget, temani anak dalam bermain gadget, batasi anak untuk bermain gadget,mengajak anak melakukan kengiatan positif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat di simpulkan bahwa kurangnya pengawasan dan ketegasan dan contoh dari orang tualah yang membuat anak menjadi kecanduan gadget, batasi durasi waktu pemakaiannya dan bahan tontonanya perlu di perhatikan
Diagnostic tests to assess balance in patients with spinal cord injury: a systematic review of their validity and reliability
Authors: Arsh Aatik , Darain Haider , Ullah Irfan , Shakil-ur-Rehman Syed 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background
Sophisticated biomechanical instruments can assess balance in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) with accuracy and precision; however, they are costly and time consuming to use. Clinical diagnostic tests to assess balance in patients with SCI are less costly and easier to use, but there is limited literature available regarding their reliability and validity.

Objectives
To review systematically articles reporting the validity and reliability of diagnostic tests used to assess balance function in patients with SCI.

Methods
We searched for articles in the English language from the earliest record to December 15, 2020, which reported validity or reliability of any clinical instrument or diagnostic test used to assess balance in patients with SCI. Articles assessing balance in paraplegic patients with causes other than SCI were excluded. Databases included MEDLINE, AMED, EMBASE, HMIC, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The COSMIN Risk of Bias checklist was used to assess the studies included and PRISMA-DTA guidelines were applied.

Results
We included 16 articles that assessed the validity or reliability of 10 diagnostic tests. The Functional Reach Test (FRT), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest) were assessed by more than 1 study, while the remaining 7 diagnostic tests including the Function in Sitting Test, T-Shirt Test, Motor Assessment Scale item 3, Sitting Balance Score, 5 Times Sit-to-Stand Test, Tinetti scale, and Sitting Balance Measure were assessed by 1 study each. The FRT has good-to-excellent test–retest reliability, excellent inter-rater reliability, and good construct, concurrent, and convergent validity. The BBS has excellent inter-rater and intra-rater reliability, high internal consistency, and good concurrent and construct validity. The Mini-BESTest has excellent test–retest reliability, excellent inter-rater reliability, high internal consistency, and good concurrent, convergent, and construct validity.

Conclusions
The FRT, BBS, and Mini-BESTest appear to be valid and reliable clinical instruments to assess balance function in patients with SCI.
Placental α-microglobulin-1 in cervicovaginal fluid and cervical length to predict preterm birth by Thai women with symptoms of labor
Authors: Chawanpaiboon Saifon , Titapant Vitaya , Pooliam Julaporn 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundPresence of placental α microglobulin-1 (PAMG-1) in cervicovaginal fluid is a bedside test to predict preterm delivery.ObjectiveTo determine whether the accuracy of a positive PAMG-1 test result to predict preterm birth within 7 days and 14 days in our hospital setting can be improved by adding cervical length.MethodsWe recruited 180 pregnant women who attended the labor ward of Siriraj Hospital, Thailand, from 2016 to 2018 for this prospective observational study of diagnostic accuracy. We used data from 161 women who met inclusion criteria including symptoms of preterm labor between 200/7and 366/7weeks’ gestation without ruptured membranes and with cervical dilatation <3 cm and effacement <80%. Presence of PAMG-1 in cervicovaginal fluid was tested using a PartoSure kit, cervical length was measured by transvaginal ultrasound, and the time to spontaneous delivery was calculated.ResultsPregnant women with labor pain who had cervical length <30 mm (45/161; 28%) went into delivery within 7 days, and women with a cervical length <15 mm (11/14; 79%) went into delivery within 7 days. When the PAMG-1 test result was positive and cervical length was ≤15 mm, the positive predictive value (PPV) was 83%; and when cervical length was ≤30 mm the PPV was 69%. The optimal cut off from receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that a cervical length <25 mm and PAMG-1 positive result has a PPV of 80% to predict preterm birth within 7 days and 90% within 14 days. The area under the curve (95% confidence interval) for a positive PAMG-1 result and cervical length ≤25 mm to predict preterm birth <7 days was 0.61 (0.50, 0.73) and <14 days was 0.60 (0.49, 0.70).ConclusionsCervical length ranging 15–30 mm combined with a positive PAMG-1 test result has a high accuracy to predict imminent spontaneous delivery within 7 days by women with preterm labor and cervical dilatation <3 cm in clinical practice.