bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circulating mRNA Expression of astrocyte-Elevated Gene-1 Associated with Treatment Response and Survival in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated with Pemetrexed
Authors: Chang You-Lung , Chen Yen-Fu , Chen Ying-Yin , Chang Shih-Chieh , Chang Cheng-Yu , Wei Yu-Feng , Chen Chung-Yu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Backgrounds: Astrocyte-elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) functions as an oncogene and regulates angiogenesis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this prospective study, we assessed the values of plasma AEG-1 mRNA expression by liquid biopsy associated with tumor response and survival in NSCLC patients treated with pemetrexed. Methods: Patients diagnosed advanced NSCLC were enrolled to be treated with pemetrexed combined platinum as first-line chemotherapy. All patients underwent blood sampling before any cancer treatment (C0) and at first response evaluation after two cycles (C2) treatments. Response to chemotherapy and survival were assessed. Plasma mRNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and quantification of RNA was performed by real-time PCR.Results: A total of 50 patients with advanced NSCLC were included and 13 of 50 patients combined with bevacizumab. In patient groups of SD (n = 13) and PD (n = 10), the plasma mRNA of AEG-1, thymidylate synthase (TS) and CK19 were elevated significantly at C2 compared to patients in treatment response group (PR, n = 27) (PR v.s. SD or PD, AEG-1: 1.22 ± 0.80 v.s. 4.51 ± 15.45, p = 0.043). NSCLC patients had elevated AEG-1 (AEG-1 ≥ 2) after 2-cycle chemotherapy had shorter PFS and OS (high AEG-1 v.s. low AEG-1, median, PFS: 5.5 v.s. 11.9 months, p = 0.021; OS: 25.9 v.s. 40.8 months, p = 0.019, respectively). In Cox regression analysis, increased plasma mRNA expression of AEG-1indicated poor prognosis in survival.Conclusion: Circulating mRNA concentration of AEG-1 could be a predictive and prognostic biomarker in NSCLC patients treated with pemetrexed. Increased expression of AEG-1 contributed to the chemoresistance and caused lung cancer progression.
Basic Reliable Intraperitoneal Extravesical Flexible (BRIEF) Technique in Robotic-Assisted Radical Nephroureterectomy With Excision of Bladder Cuff for Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: Step by Step
Authors: fengze sun , Yao Huibao , Wu Gang , Zhang Dongxu , Wang Di , Zhao Hongwei , Lu Youyi , Wu Jitao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveTo describe a technique of robotic-assisted radical nephroureterectomy with excision of bladder cuff.MethodIn our institution, a total of 64 patients were enrolled in which 29 patients underwent robotic technique and 35 patients underwent laparoscopic technique. We compared perioperative data and tumor recurrence rates in two groups to confirm the advantages of robotic technique.ResultAll 64 patients finished their operation without converting operation. As the general conditions were no differences, the robotic group had less intraoperative blood loss (36.38±15.86ml verse 50.57±27.94ml, P<0.05), earlier ambulation (7.24±1.37h verse 9.14±2.03h, P<0.05), and shorter hospitalization time (3.55±0.69days verse 6.32±1.68days, P<0.05). And the visual analogue scale scores of the robotic group in 1h, 12h and 24h was lower than traditional laparoscopic group (P<0.05). And tumor recurrence and positive surgical margin were not difference between two groups (P>0.05).ConclusionCompared with laparoscopic method, the robotic technique has the advantages in postoperative recovery.
Comparison of Two Rating Scales With the Orofacial Esthetic Scale and Practical Recommendations for Its Application.
Authors: Pattanaik Swaha , John Mike , Chung Seungwon , Keller San 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
PurposeWe compared measurement properties of 5-point and 11-point response formats for Orofacial Esthetic Scale (OES) items to determine whether collapsing the format would degrade OES score precision.MethodsData were collected from a consecutive sample of adult dental patients from HealthPartners dental clinics in Minnesota (N=2,078). We fitted an Item Response Theory (IRT) model to the 11-point scale and six, derived 5-point scales. We compared all response formats using test (or scale) information, correlation between the IRT scores, Cronbach’s alpha estimates for each scaling format, correlations based on the observed scores for the seven OES items and the eighth global item, and the relationship of observed and IRT scores to an external criterion using orofacial appearance (OA) indicators from the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP).ResultsThe correlations among scores based on the different response formats were uniformly high for observed (0.97-0.99) and IRT scores (0.96-0.99); as were correlations of both observed and IRT scores and the OHIP measure of OA (0.65-0.69). Cronbach’s alpha based on any of the 5-point formats (α = 0.95) was nearly the same as that based on the 11-point format (α = 0.96). The weighted total information area for five of six, 5-point derived formats was 98% of that for the 11-point scale Conclusions﻿Our results support the use of scores based on a 5-point response format for OES items. The measurement properties of scores based on a 5-point response format are comparable to those of scores based on the 11-point format.
Embryo Morphokinetic Parameters Evaluated Using a Time-Lapse Embryo Monitoring System Can Predict the Embryo Developmental Potential in ICSI Cycles
Authors: He Qina , Yao Guidong , He Jiahuan , Yang Guang , Xu Ziwen , Fan Huiying , Bai Yucheng , Zhang Junya , Zhang Tongwei , Song Ning , Jin Haixia , Song Wenyan , Shi Senlin , Sun Yingpu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
At present, embryo morphology assessment based on the observation of the embryonic morphological characteristics at several specific time points has been mainly used for selecting the high-quality embryo. However, we all know that embryo development is a dynamic process. Many research results on the correlation between the embryo morphokinetic parameters and embryo quality and development potential were inconsistent. With the help of time-lapse imaging, the development processes and outcomes of a total of 365 embryos were cultured and analyzed in this study. The results showed that the mean tPNf and t2 of the high-quality embryo were significantly shorter than the low-quality embryo; the mean t2PBe and tPNa of the high-quality embryo from the implantation group were significantly shorter than those from the non-implantation group. In addition, based on the quartile grouping of each morphokinetic parameter, the embryos that had 21.15≤tPNf≤25.30 value were significantly higher in embryo quality when compared with the embryos that had the tPNf values outside the range on Days 3. Similarly, the embryos that had values of t2≤25.60 were significantly higher in embryo quality than those with outside the range values on Days 3. Thus, we demonstrated that the morphokinetic parameter evaluated using a time-lapse embryo monitoring system can predict the embryo quality, and be benefit for the selection of the high-quality embryos and improvement for the implantation success of the patient in assisted reproductive technologies.
Barriers and Facilitators to Kangaroo Mother Care Implementation in Côte D’Ivoire: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Kourouma Kadidiatou Raissa , Yacé Marie Laurette Agbré , Doukouré Daouda , Cissé Lassina , Somé-Meazieu Chantière , Ouattara Joseph , Tano-Kamelan Akoua , Kouakou Virginie Konan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundKangaroo Mother Care (KMC) is a key high impact intervention, low technology and cost-effective for the care of preterm and low birth weight newborn. Côte d’Ivoire has adopted the intervention and opened the first KMC unit in 2019. After one year of functioning, we aimed to assess barriers and facilitators of KMC implementation as well as proposed solutions to improve KMC implementation in Côte d’Ivoire.MethodThis was a qualitative study, using semi-structured interviews, carried out in September 2020 in the first KMC unit opened at the Teaching Hospital of Treichville. The study involved healthcare providers providing KMC and mothers of newborn who were receiving or received KMC at the unit. A thematic analysis was performed using Nvivo 12.ResultsA total of 44 semi-structured interviews were conducted, 12 with healthcare providers and 32 with mothers. The barriers identified were lack of supplies, insufficiency of human resources, lack of space for admission, lack of home visits, lack of food for mothers, lack of collaboration between health services involved in newborn care, increased workload, the beliefs of carrying the baby on the chest, partner resistance, low rate of exclusive breastfeeding, lack of community awareness. Facilitators identified were training of healthcare providers, leadership, the cost of the intervention, the value of the intervention for healthcare providers, mothers −healthcare providers relationship, mothers’ adherence to KMC.The proposed solution to improve KMC implementation were volunteer staff motivation, intensifying mothers and families education and counselling, the recruitment of a psychologist and the involvement of all stakeholders.ConclusionsOur study highlighted the challenges to implement KMC in Côte d’Ivoire with unique and specific barriers to implementation. We recommend to researchers and decision makers to respectively design strategies and adopt intervention that specifically address these barriers and facilitators to a better uptake of KMC. Decision makers should also take into account the proposed solution for a better implementation and scaling up of KMC intervention.
The Transformation of the Balloon Shape in Percutaneous Balloon Compression for Trigeminal Neuralgia
Authors: Sun Chenglong , Yu Wenhua , Zhu Qiang , Du Quan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: The pear shape of an inflated balloon is thought to be a gold standard of a successful percutaneous balloon compression (PBC). However, neither how the balloon shape changes nor why it changes in that way (the anatomic basis) has not yet been fully described. Methods: Radiographs from over 150 percutaneous balloon compression (PBC) cases were thoroughly evaluated. We proposed a model of changing balloon shape in Meckel's cave (MC) and 70 cases were followed up over 2 years, in which therapeutic effect was measured.Results: We found that the balloon changed stereotypically in MC. The model that we proposed is consistent with the description of the structures of MC and its surroundings in the literature. The distinct pear (pear in MC) brought about a far better surgical result than other shapes (p < 0.01).Conclusion: Our study showed how and why the balloon shape changed during PBC surgery. The model provides favorable guidance for PBC surgery.
Pre-doped oxygenated defects activate nitrogen-doped graphene for the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Jiang Lin , Dijk Bas van , Wu Longfei , Maheu Clement , Hofmann Jan , Tudor Viorica , Koper Marc , Hetterscheid Dennis , Schneider Gregory 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The presence of defects and chemical dopants in metal-free carbon materials plays important roles in the electrocatalysis of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The precise control and design of defects and dopants in carbon electrodes will allow the fundamental understanding of activity-structure correlations for tailoring catalytic performance of carbon-based, most particularly graphene-based electrode materials. Herein, we adopted monolayer graphene – a model carbon-based electrode – for systematical introduction of nitrogen and oxygen dopants, together with vacancy defects, and studied their roles in catalyzing ORR. Compared to pristine graphene, nitrogen doping exhibited a limited effect on ORR activity. In contrast, nitrogen doping in graphene pre-doped with vacancy defects or oxygen enhanced the activities by 3.7 and 6.8 times, respectively. The optimal activity was achieved for nitrogen doping in graphene functionalized with oxygenated defects – 4.6 times more than nitrogen-doped and 7.3 times more than pristine graphene. More importantly, oxygenated defects is highly related to the 4e− pathway instead of nitrogen dopants. This work indicates a non-negligible contribution of oxygen and especially oxygenated vacancy defects for the catalytic activity of nitrogen doped graphene.
Understanding of Optimum Antibiotic Prophylaxis is Inconsistent Among Orthopaedic Surgery and Anesthesia Teams
Authors: Ailaney Nikhil , Zielinski Elizabeth , Doll Michelle , Bearman Gonzalo M. , Kates Stephen L. , Golladay Gregory J. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background Antibiotic surgical prophylaxis is a core strategy for the prevention of surgical site infections (SSI). Despite best practice guidelines and known efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis in decreasing SSI risk, there is often wide variation in its use. We performed this study to assess antibiotic prophylaxis perspectives of orthopaedic surgery and anesthesiology teams at our institution regarding preoperative antibiotic choice, dosing, and timing.Methods An IRB approved questionnaire was distributed amongst orthopaedic surgery and anesthesia team members involved in preoperative antibiotic decision making from August 2017 to June 2019. The questionnaire addressed ten key practices relating to preoperative antibiotic use, including antibiotic choice, timing, rate of infusion, and dosing. Provider and service type responses were also compared using Chi-square tests. Results Two nurse practitioner (NP), 22 resident, and 23 attending orthopaedic surgery providers completed the survey. Twelve nurse anesthetist (CRNA), 6 resident, and 8 attending anesthesiology providers completed the survey. Only 30% of all providers agreed that both vancomycin and cefazolin are equally effective for the purpose of antibiotic prophylaxis. As for the antibiotic choice in patients with penicillin allergies, 50% agreed with vancomycin, 28% agreed with clindamycin, and 22% disagreed with both alternatives. Furthermore, resident physicians more frequently agreed with vancomycin (71%) compared to NPs (29%), and attendings physicians (35%) (p=0.014). A majority of providers agreed with the necessity of weight-based dosing and timely infusion of vancomycin.Conclusions There is no clear consensus amongst providers for which antibiotic to administer for antibiotic prophylaxis despite existing guidelines. Discrepancy exists between orthopaedic and anesthesia providers for which antibiotic to administer in patients with penicillin allergies. Institutions should evaluate antibiotic prophylaxis perspectives amongst their perioperative staff in order to identify any inconsistencies that could result in inappropriate antibiotic prophylaxis for patients. A multifactorial quality improvement strategy that includes development of a protocol, displaying prophylaxis guidelines in perioperative areas, educational training, a preoperative checklist, and optimizing the electronic medical record should be implemented to standardize prophylaxis practices. It is also integral to involve both the orthopaedic and the anesthesia staff in the quality improvement process otherwise discrepancies may continue to persist.
WITHDRAWN: Sentiment Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccination from Survey Responses in Bangladesh.
Authors: Chowdhury Anjir Ahmed , Das Argho , Saha Suben Kumer , Rahman Mahfujur , Hasan Khandaker Tabin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic is among the most serious global threats, and it is still a significant concern. The people of Bangladesh are undergoing one of the world's largest vaccination drive. With the recent launch and introduction of the COVID-19 vaccines, many of us are curious about the general opinion or view of the vaccine. While the vaccine has ignited new hope in the battle against COVID-19, it has also sparked militant anti-vaccine campaigns, so the need to analyze public opinion on the COVID-19 vaccine has emerged. Methods: Traditional machine learning methods were used to obtain a benchmark result for the experiment. The recurrent neural network (RNN) algorithm was used next. Several different types of recurrent neural networks were used, including simple RNNs, Gated Recurrent Units (GRUs), and LSTMs. Finally, to achieve a more optimal result, small BERT models (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) were used. Results: Upon study and testing on several models and methods, it can be seen that BERT model was the most accurate of the bunch, which was 84%. On the other hand, Naive Bayes was able to obtain an accuracy of 81%. Naive Bayes and BERT produced similar results in F1- Score, but the performance of Naive Bayes can improve as the dataset size grows. Conclusion: Knowing about public opinions on the COVID-19 vaccine is critical, and action must be taken to ensure that everybody understands the value of vaccination and that everybody receives the COVID-19 vaccine. Vaccination may help to develop immunity, which lowers the likelihood of contracting the disease and its consequences.
The Semantics of Natural Objects and Tools in the Brain: A Combined Behavioural and MEG Study
Authors: Visani Elisa , Sebastiano Davide Rossi , Duran Dunja , Garofalo Gioacchino , Magliocco Fabio , Silipo Francesco , Buccino Giovanni 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Current literature supports the notion that the recognition of objects, when visually presented, is sub-served by neural structures different from those responsible for the semantic processing of their nouns. However, embodiment foresees that processing observed objects and their verbal labels should share similar neural mechanisms. In a combined behavioural and MEG study, we compared the modulation of motor responses and cortical rhythms during the processing of graspable natural objects and tools, either verbally or pictorially presented. Our findings demonstrate that conveying meaning to an observed object or processing its noun similarly modulates both motor responses and cortical rhythms; moreover, natural graspable objects and tools affect in a different manner both behavioural and MEG results, independent of presentation modality. These findings provide experimental evidence that neural substrates responsible for conveying meaning to object overlap with those where the object is represented, thus supporting an embodied view of semantic processing.
Concentration, distribution and probabilistic health risk assessment of exposure to fluoride in drinking water of Hormozgan Province, Iran
Authors: Mohammadpour Amin , Samaei Mohammad Reza , Dehbandi Reza , Khaksefidi Razieh , Golaki Mohammad , Gharechahi Ehsan , Tabatabaee Zeynab , Mohammadpour Reza , Sheibani Amin , Badeenezhad Ahmad 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In the present study, the health risk assessment of exposure to fluoride in drinking water of southern Iran province was performed with a definite and probabilistic approach. Monte Carlo simulation and sensitivity analysis were used for uncertainty in risk estimation. The results showed that fluoride concentration ranged between 0.1–0.9 mg/l with an average of 0.454 ± 0.205 mg/l. The distribution function followed the normal distribution. The highest fluoride concentration was observed in the central and northern regions of the province. Also, the lowest concentration was obtained 0.01 mg/l. In the definitive method, the non-carcinogenic risks associated with fluoride in drinking water were in acceptable range (HQ < 1). Conducting Monte Carlo simulation indicated that the potential non-carcinogenic risk for children in the 95th percentile exceeded the safe limit of 1, which showed that there were a potential non-carcinogenic in this group. Sensitivity analysis showed that fluoride concentration and water consumption had the most considerable effect in the model. Therefore, consumption of water and foods containing fluoride along with excessive consumption of tea may increase human's health risks. Therefore, continuous monitoring of water sources in terms of fluoride concentration along with proper diet training for residents of this province should be done.
Construction of a Risk Score Prognosis Model for Hepatocellular Carcinoma based on Ferroptosis and Pyroptosis Related Genes
Authors: Li Xin-yu , Zhang Lu-yu , Li Xue-yuan , Yang xi-tao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to build a prognostic score model based on ferroptosis- and pyroptosis-related genes to predict overall survival (OS) and optimize the treatment of the hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) patient.Methods: The gene expression data and clinical information of HCC patients were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Using data mining approach, this predictive signature was constructed and validated. The performance of predictive signature was assessed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the ROC curve (AUC).Results: A total of 4 genes (ABCC1, G6PD, GSDME, HMOX1) were utilized to construct a prognosis model. The prognosis model exhibited good performance based on the AUC (AUC: 0.826 at 1 years, 0.796 at 3 years, 0.867 at 5 years). The calibration plots showed excellent calibration. Functional analysis revealed that significant enrichment of immune related processes.Conclusion: A prognostic risk model was developed from ferroptosis- and pyroptosis-related genes for HCC. The model could help clinicians more accurately and convenient predict the OS of individual HCC patients.
Regulation of Brain Primary Cilia Length By MCH Signaling: Evidence From Pharmacological, Genetic, Optogenetic And Chemogenic Manipulations
Authors: Alhassen Wedad , Kobayashi Yuki , Su Jessica , Robbins Brianna , Nguyen Henry , Myint Thant , Yu Micah , Nauli Surya , Saito Yumiko , Alachkar Amal 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) system is involved in numerous functions, including energy homeostasis, food intake, sleep, stress, mood, aggression, reward, maternal behavior, social behavior, and cognition. MCH acts on a G protein-coupled receptor MCHR1, which expresses ubiquitously in the brain and localizes to neuronal primary cilia. Cilia act as cells' antennas and play crucial roles in cell signaling to detect and transduce external stimuli to regulate cell differentiation and migration. Cilia are highly dynamic in terms of their length and morphology; however, it is not known if cilia length is causally regulated by MCH system activation in-vivo. In the current work, we examined the effects of activation and inactivation of MCH system on cilia lengths by using different methodologies, including pharmacological (MCHR1 agonist and antagonist GW803430), germline and conditional genetic deletion of MCHR1 and MCH, optogenetic, and chemogenetic (Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADD)) approaches. We found that stimulation of MCH system either directly through MCHR1 activation, or indirectly through optogenetic and chemogenetic-mediated excitation of MCH neurons, causes cilia shortening. In contrast, inactivation of MCH signaling through pharmacological MCHR1 blockade or through genetic manipulations - germline deletion of MCHR1 and conditional ablation of MCH neurons - induces cilia lengthening. Our study is the first to uncover the causal effects of the MCH system in the regulation of the length of brain neuronal primary cilia. These findings place MCH system at a unique position in the ciliary signaling in physiological and pathological conditions, and implicate cilia MCHR1 as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of pathological conditions characterized by impaired cilia function.