bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Acyl‐CoA:Diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) in Energy Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle Cells
Authors: Bu So Young 
Published: June 2021

Acyl‐CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) is an enzyme that catalyzes the final step of triacylglycerol (TG) synthesis, a reaction that covalently links diacylglycerols and fatty acyl‐CoA substrates. Previous studies suggest that lipid species produced during TG synthesis are involved in regulation of energy metabolism and overexpression of DGAT2 modify insulin signaling in skeletal muscle. This study was designed to characterize how DGAT2 is regulated and its role in glucose utilization in skeletal muscle cells. C2C12 mouse skeletal myoblast were utilized and DGAT2 expression in response to glucose, fatty acids or hormones were measured. For functional characterization, siRNA mediated knockdown of DGAT2 was performed. DGAT2 mRNA expression was increased during cellular differentiation of skeletal myotubes. DGAT2 expression was highly responsive to insulin treatment but was not much affected by high glucose treatment. DAGT2 siRNA transfected cells decreased GLUT4 mRNA expression (29‐37%) but increased [1‐14C] oleic acid incorporation into acid soluble metabolites (ASM) which are product of β‐oxidation with the increase of UCP2 mRNA expression. These results indicate that fatty acid metabolites derived from DGAT2 action are involved in glucose uptake in skeletal muscle cells. Future study needs to identify how DGAT2 affect glucose utilization and insulin signaling process in skeletal muscleThis research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2012R1A1A1019253).
Updates and controversies in anesthesia for advanced interventional pulmonology procedures
Authors: Abdelmalak Basem B. , Doyle D. John 
Published: June 2021

Purpose of review
Advanced bronchoscopic procedures continues to grow, and are now commonly used to diagnose and/or treat a variety of pulmonary conditions that required formal thoracic surgery in past decades. Pharmacologic developments have provided new therapeutic options, as have technical advances in both anesthesia and interventional pulmonology. This review discusses technical and clinical issues and advances in providing anesthesia for advanced bronchoscopic procedures. It also discusses some controversial issues that have yet to be fully resolved.

Recent findings
We discuss anesthetic considerations for new procedures such as the new technology used in electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy, and bronchoscopic cryotherapy. We also review new ventilation strategies as well as pharmacologic advances and recent trends in the utilization of anesthetic adjuvants, and the use of short-acting opioids like remifentanil, and alpha agonist sedatives such as dexmedetomidine.

Summary
The anesthetic framework and the discussions presented here should help forge effective communication between the interventional pulmonologist and the anesthesiologist In the Bronchoscopy Suite nonoperating room anesthesia with the goal of enhancing patient safety.
Odontogenic Brain Abscess With Campylobacter gracilis and Fusobacterium nucleatum Complicated by Rupture Into the Ventricle
Authors: Jang Timothy L. , Elliott Brian P. , Herman David G. , Booher Katelyn J. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Brain abscess is a relatively uncommon infection with a high mortality rate. Their etiology is commonly a result of direct invasion from a contiguous source, particularly the oral cavity after dental procedures. We report a case of an odontogenic brain abscess with Campylobacter gracilis and Fusobacterium nucleatum, occurring 7 weeks after wisdom tooth removal. Whereas F. nucleatum is a well-documented pathogen in brain abscesses, C. gracilis is rarely implicated as a human pathogen. Most reports link C. gracilis to isolated oral or intra-abdominal infections. We report a unique case of C. gracilis brain abscess directly linked to odontogenic infection.
Multidimensional health changes after a multimodal pain rehabilitation program: a registry-based study
Authors: Grimby-Ekman Anna , Kim Malin , Stankovic Nenad , Mannheimer Clas 
Published: June 2021

Introduction:
Chronic pain is treated with multimodal rehabilitation programs, targeting improvement in several health aspects. These treatments must be evaluated multidimensionally, which is a methodological challenge.

Objectives:
This study investigated factors (demographic, pain-related, and individual- vs group-based treatment) predicting successful outcomes after multimodal pain rehabilitation programs.

Methods:
Data from 3 outpatient clinics were retrieved from the Swedish Quality Registry for Pain Rehabilitation, for 314 patients (218 women). Outcome variables were dichotomized as binary change (improved or not improved) based on clinical thresholds. Total improvement grouped outcomes into 0 to 2, 3 to 4, and 5 to 6 improved variables. Binary logistic regression analyses investigated the association between the baseline predictors and change variables.

Results:
Patients improving after treatment ranged from 34% (pain intensity) to 80% (depression) for women and 34% to 76% for men, respectively. Total improvement outcome was consistent (after treatment and 1 year) with 28% of patients improving on 5 to 6 outcomes. The baseline predictor related to most improved outcomes was pain intensity, with positive correlation to improvement in pain intensity (P < 0.001) and negative correlation with improvements in anxiety (P = 0.075) and depression (P = 0.002). Individual-based treatment, compared with group-based treatment, was associated with improvement in pain intensity (P = 0.008).

Conclusions:
About a third of patients improved in several outcomes by the end of a multimodal program, with most improvement for depression and least for pain intensity. Generally, patients with more severe health status at baseline improve most directly after treatment, but these findings could not suggest treatment adjustments that would improve overall success rates.
Screening for the alpha variant of SARS-CoV-2 (B.1.1.7) the impact of this variant on circulating biomarkers in hospitalised patients
Authors: Braybrook E. , Pandey S. , Vryonis E. , Anderson N.R. , Young L. , Grammatopoulos D.K. 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTControl of SARS-CoV-2 transmission is complicated by the emergence of variants, especially those containing mutations in the spike protein. By enhancing infectivity and evading immunity, infection with these variants might result in more severe clinical outcomes as well as being more resistant to vaccines developed on the basis of the original prototypic virus variant. One such example is the alpha variant (B.1.1.7), which has been detected in more than 100 countries and rapidly become the dominant strain in the UK in late 2020 and early 2021. There is an urgent need to develop appropriate surveillance programmes to rapidly monitor the spread of variants and to better understand the role of variants in disease outcomes and immune evasion. The nucleotide sequencing method, the ‘gold standard’ of variant detection, is unsuitable as a fast-response surveillance tool by frontline diagnostic services which require detection methods with short turnaround times. We developed a screening protocol based of sequential allele-specific qPCR for detection of the N501Y mutation and H69/V70 deletion present in the alpha/B.1.1.7 variant. We tested this protocol in previously confirmed positive samples from the Pathology Dept, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire during the second wave period in the UK (December 2020-March 2021). In these samples variant identity was confirmed by NGS sequencing via COG-UK. Our results identified increased incidence of variants containing both N501Y and Δ69/70 HV mutations, especially in patients admitted during January and early February 2021. This approach, which yields results within 3 hours, can be used as an initial rapid screening step with NGS as confirmatory follow-up. We also report that the increased prevalence of alpha/B.1.1.7 variant in admitted patients since mid-January 2021, a period that characterised peaked mortality rates, was associated with a sharp 2.5-fold rise in the mean circulating IL-6 level and to a lesser extent Troponin-T. More detailed biomarker analysis of a small cohort of patients (n=83), where variant status and clinical outcomes were available, demonstrated that deceased patients infected with the alpha/B.1.1.7 variant had significantly higher levels of inflammation and cell injury markers, especially IL-6 and LDH, compared to deceased patients infected with a non-alpha/B.1.1.7 variant, pointing towards a more severe inflammatory disease phenotype. In contrast, both groups survivors most biomarker exhibited levels below the group average, with distinct patterns of modified z-scores present.
How open innovation practices drive innovation performance: moderated-mediation in the interplay between overcoming syndromes and capabilities
Authors: Roldán Bravo María Isabel , Ruiz Moreno Antonia , Garcia Garcia Alejandro , Huertas-Valdivia Irene 
Published: June 2021

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate whether and under what conditions open innovation (OI) drives innovation performance (IP) in the financial sector. To this end, the paper first analyzes in-depth the indirect effect of overcoming two attitudinal mediators, namely, not-invented-here syndrome (NIHS) and not-sold-here syndrome (NSHS). It then uses dynamic capabilities theory to hypothesize that the indirect effects are moderated by absorptive and desorptive capabilities, respectively.Design/methodology/approachThe authors perform an empirical study of major Spanish financial entities. Data are collected from 288 questionnaires from employees at branches of 13 bank entities. Regression analysis tests the mediating role of overcoming syndromes and the moderated-mediating role of dynamic capabilities in the OI–IP relationship.FindingsResults confirm the indirect effect of overcoming NIHS on the relationship between outside-in OI and IP, and the indirect effect of overcoming NSHS on the relationship between inside-out OI and IP. Further, absorptive capacity moderates the indirect effect between outside-in OI practices and IP by overcoming NIHS, and desorptive capacity moderates the indirect effect between inside-out OI practices and IP by overcoming NSHS.Originality/valueThis paper advances knowledge by explaining discrepancies in the sign of the OI–IP relationship. By introducing comprehensive absorptive and desorptive capacity models to explain OI, it advocates an integrative framework to understand OI activities and their outcomes. Managers should develop these capacities using human talent training and cultural values development to mitigate NIHS and NSHS and optimize firms’ OI efforts and the improved IP benefits derived from them.
Maintenance of public hospital buildings in Nigeria – an assessment of current practices and policy options
Authors: Ebekozien Andrew , Dominic Duru Okechukwu Saviour , Dako Okhatie Emmanuel 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
The recent COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the declining conditions of many of the hospital buildings, especially in developing countries. Past studies have shown inadequate maintenance practices but how far regarding Nigerian public hospital buildings is yet to receive empirical research. This paper aims to investigate the underlying issues leading to inadequate maintenance practices and proffers policy options to improve Nigerian public hospital buildings via an unexplored dimension.

Design/methodology/approach
The study used a mixed research design method involving both qualitative and quantitative data. First, results from the qualitative phase were analysed and verified at the quantitative phase through a well-structured questionnaire, developed from the qualitative findings across hospital maintenance experts (work/maintenance department, health-care provider, design team and health-care building/service contractor) in Abuja, Lagos and Benin City.

Findings
Insufficient funds for maintenance works, absence of planned maintenance programmes, inadequately trained personnel, etc., emerged as the maintenance inadequacies in the public hospital buildings across the cities covered. The paper categorised the cause of inadequate maintenance practices of public hospital buildings into six groups: statutory requirements, design stage, construction stage, budget for maintenance task, managing maintenance unit activities and user’s perception regarding maintenance management.

Research limitations/implications
This paper is limited to maintenance practices of Nigerian public hospital buildings. Future research is needed to evaluate factors that will enhance outsourcing maintenance and the use of the 4th industrial revolution (building information modelling for refurbishment and building automation systems) amongst others in maintenance practices of public hospital buildings.

Practical implications
As part of the practical implication, the government and hospital administrators should make provision for adequate funding and accountability of annual maintenance budgetary allocation. Also, the government should establish a national maintenance policy for public infrastructure with an emphasis on preventive maintenance and contractor’s reputation, outstanding pedigree, technical and financial soundness during build maintenance contract award, etc., were recommended.

Originality/value
This paper reveals that the stakeholders, especially hospital administrators, policymakers and political office holders that are concern with maintenance budget, approval and disbursement concerning maintenance practices in public hospital buildings need to reawaken to her responsibility because of the inadequate implementation across the cities covered.
Drivers and outcomes of green information technology adoption in service organizations: an evidence from emerging economy context
Authors: Mouakket Samar , Aboelmaged Mohamed 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the technology-organization-environment (TOE) predictors of green information technology adoption in an emerging economy, namely, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and their impact on work performance among UAE organizations.

Design/methodology/approach
A paper-based survey was carried out by engaging employees in different organizations in the UAE. The “partial least squares” (PLS) method was used to test and analyze the measurement and the structural research models.

Findings
The analysis shows support to all the hypotheses, with the exception of the influence of competitive force.

Originality/value
The results can be valuable for practitioners and decision-makers in the emerging economy context as the results will help them validate their adoption decisions and effectively contribute to sustainability strategies.
Exercise capacity following ventricular assist device implantation via thoracotomy with outflow cannula anastomosis to the descending aorta
Authors: Dorken Gallastegi Ander , Kahraman Ümit , Yağmur Burcu , Çınar Ece , Nalbantgil Sanem , Engin Çağatay , Yağdı Tahir , Özbaran Mustafa 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLeft ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation via left lateral thoracotomy with outflow cannula anastomosis to the descending aorta is an alternative technique that avoids anterior mediastinal planes and requires a single incision. This study compares changes in exercise capacity following LVAD implantation with outflow cannula anastomosis to the descending aorta versus ascending aorta. Adult patients who received a continuous flow centrifugal LVAD implantation and completed both pre‐ and postimplantation cardiopulmonary exercise tests (CPETs) and or 6‐minute walk tests (6MWT) were included. Change in CPET parameters (maximum oxygen intake: vO2max, oxygen uptake efficiency ratio: OUES, ventilatory efficiency ratio: vE/vCO2Slope) and 6MWT distance were compared between ascending and descending aorta anastomosis groups. Ascending and descending aorta anastomosis cohorts included 59 and 14 patients, respectively. Pre‐ and postimplantation CPETs were performed 63 ± 12 days before and 216 ± 17 days following implantation. The improvement in CPET parameters (vO2max, OUES, vE/vCO2Slope) or 6MWT distance was not significantly different between the ascending and descending aorta anastomosis groups. This study found no significant difference in the improvement of CPET parameters or 6MWT distance between LVAD implantation via thoracotomy with outflow cannula anastomosis to descending aorta and standard implantation via sternotomy with outflow cannula anastomosis to ascending aorta.
Change of clopyralid concentration in recycled beef cattle compost
Authors: Abe Yoshiyuki , Tamura Ken‐ichi , Seike Nobuyasu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractComposting of beef cattle manure using sawdust or recycled compost as a bulking agent was investigated for the management of clopyralid risk, such as changes in the clopyralid concentration and the mechanism of clopyralid accumulation caused by recycled compost. These raw materials were composted with laboratory equipment, which was controlled at 60℃ after the temperature peak by autothermal composting. Clopyralid concentration did not changed during composting in the thermophilic phase; on the contrary, it increased because clopyralid accumulated in compost when recycled compost was used repeatedly as a bulking agent. The clopyralid accumulation ratio (ratio of clopyralid concentration to that in the first compost) could be explained by a model using a recurrence formula, and a correlation existed between the calculated (model) accumulation ratios and measured accumulation ratios (R2 = 0.78). Using this model, the excessive accumulation of clopyralid could be controlled when using recycled compost as a bulking agent with lower moisture content or when part of the recycled compost was replaced by another bulking agent, even if recycled compost had high moisture content. In future work, the model and its considerations should be verified in a field test.
La relación entre desempleo y crecimiento económico en América Latina. Estimaciones de la ley de Okun por países
Authors: PORRAS‐ARENA M. Sylvina , MARTÍN‐ROMÁN Ángel L. 
Published: June 2021

ResumenLas fluctuaciones de la actividad económica repercuten más levemente en las tasas de desempleo de los países latinoamericanos que en las de otras economías más avanzadas. En lugar de adoptar políticas de estímulo centradas en reducir el desempleo en general, esos países necesitan políticas focalizadas mediante programas que fomenten la creación de empleo en sectores específicos. Se observan diferencias en la relación desempleo‐producto entre países latinoamericanos. Allí donde la relación es débil o nula, las variaciones cíclicas afectan adversamente a la calidad del empleo, un aspecto del que la política económica también debe ocuparse.
Mathematical modeling and thermodynamic properties of the drying kinetics of trapiá residues
Authors: Moura Henrique Valentim , de Figueirêdo Rossana Maria Feitosa , de Melo Queiroz Alexandre José , de Vilela Silva Eugênia Telis , Esmero Janaina Almeida Dantas , Lisbôa Jemima Ferreira 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTrapiá (Crataeva tapia L.) is an edible, arboreal fruit species found in Brazil, of which the pulp is suitable for industrialization. The residual peel and seeds are sources of bioactive compounds and can be used after appropriate treatment. Such fruit parts have been introduced as ingredients in various applications to reduce waste in agricultural production and take advantage of the presence of nutrients, but to make them viable for industrial use, the moisture content of the product should be reduced, enabling it to be conserved at room temperature and transformed into powder or flour. The objective of this study was to assess the convective drying of residual trapiá peel and seeds in 0.6 cm thick layers at temperatures of 50, 60, 70, and 80°C, and to fit 10 mathematical models to the experimental data. In addition, the activation energy for the drying of the residues and the thermodynamic properties were also determined. Of the models tested, the Midilli model best fitted the drying kinetics of the residues, with a coefficient of determination (R2) ≥ .9960. The effective diffusivity increased with the drying temperature, ranging from 5 × 10−10 to 16.1 × 10−10 m2 s−1, and the activation energy (Ea) varied between 18 and 24.2 kJ mol−1, with lower Ea values for the peel and higher values for the seeds. Gibbs free energy variation increased with increasing temperature and was considered a nonspontaneous process, while the enthalpy and entropy decreased.Practical ApplicationsThe use of the data presented here for the drying kinetics and thermodynamic properties provides support for the use of the dried trapiá residues (previously discarded) in the production of new foods, due to knowledge of the processing time and physical behavior of the sample. The trapiá powder, rich in bioactive compounds, could be incorporated into various food formulations in the bakery and yogurt segments, among others.
COVID‐19 and the liver: A 2021 update
Authors: Spearman Catherine W. , Aghemo Alessio , Valenti Luca , Sonderup Mark W. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn December 2019, a novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) was identified in Wuhan, China and has since resulted in a global pandemic in excess of 165 million reported infections and 3.4 million attributable deaths. COVID‐19 is primarily a respiratory illness, which may be complicated by pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. SARS‐CoV‐2 is also responsible for numerous extrapulmonary manifestations involving the haematologic, cardiovascular, renal, gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary, endocrinologic, neurologic, ophthalmologic and dermatologic systems. This review will discuss the pathophysiology of COVID‐19; focusing on the mechanisms and outcomes of liver injury associated with COVID‐19; its impact on chronic liver disease (CLD); management of CLD during the COVID‐19 pandemic and the long‐term impact of COVID‐19 on CLD.