bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SISTEM NOKEN DALAM PEMILIHAN KEPALA DAERAH DI PAPUA
Authors: Persada Achbar 
Published: March 2021

Di Indonesia sendiri ada 3 (tiga) jenis sistem pemilu yang perlu kita ketahui yaitu sistem pemilu distrik, sistem pemilu proporsional, dan sistem pemilu campuran. Di wilayah Papua khususnya di wilayah pedalaman atau perbatasan cenderung mengikuti pilihan ketua sukunya untuk menentukan pilihan. Dari 29 kabupaten/kota di Papua ada 13 daerah yang diberikan hak khusus (previlege) untuk menggunakan sistem pemilu tersendiri. Sistem khusus tersebut dinamakan sistem noken. Noken dalam bahasa Papua berarti tas atau kantong. Sistem noken tersebut bertentangan dengan Undang-Undang Pemilihan Umum yaitu pada Pasal 1 yang menjelaskan bahwa pemilu adalah sarana untuk melaksanakan kedaulatan rakyat yang dilakukan secara langsung, umum, bebas, rahasia, jujur, dan adil atau biasanya kita menyebut (luber jurdil) berdasarkan UUD NRI 1945. Hal ini menjadi sebuah pro kontra diantara pengamat hukum Indonesia karena ada beberapa pendapat yang mendukung sistem noken dilihat dari perspektif adat dan menolak sistem noken dilihat dari perspektif asas demokrasi dalam pemilihan umum. Sistem noken dalam pemilihan kepala daerah di Papua menurut studi kasus Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor: 35/ PHP.BUP-XVI/2018 secara hukum dianggap tidak sah sehingga perlu dilakukan pemilihan umum ulang. Tetapi Mahkamah Konstitusi menetapkan pemungutan suara dengan sistem noken masih dapat dibenarkan, namun hanya berlaku di tempat dan waktu tertentu yang selama ini belum pernah melaksanakan Pemilu dalam bentuk pencoblosan langsung oleh pemilih.
Kata Kunci: Noken, Pemilihan Kepala Daerah, Status Hukum.
Kajian pemanfaatan agregat lokal kalimantan selatan sebagai material perancangan beton normal
Authors: Prasetia Irfan , Krasna Wiku A 
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kuat tekan beton dengan variabel agregat dan air dari beberapa lokasi kuari di Kabupaten Tanah Laut dan Kabupaten Banjar Kalimantan Selatan. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan pemeriksaan bahan campuran beton (baik kerikil, pasir dan air yang digunakan), pembuatan rencana campuran beton, serta hasil uji tekan sampel beton dan rekomendasi yang dapat diberikan. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan acuan pembuatan campuran beton (Job Mix) sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum No. 11/PRT/M/2013 tentang Pedoman Analisis Harga Satuan Pekerjaan Bidang Pekerjaan Umum. Untuk kerikil yang diuji yaitu batu batu split Katunun, batu split gunung Martadah dan batu split gunung Awang Bangkal. Adapun air yang diuji adalah air dari sungai maluka dan awang bangkal. Adapun air PDAM juga digunakan pada sampel kontrol. Adapun faktor air semen ditetapkan sebesar 0.5 terkecuali campuran beton dengan agregat Awang Bangkal dan air PDAM yang menggunakan faktor air semen 0.4, 0.45 dan 0.5. Dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa agregat batu gunung Martadah memberikan nilai kuat tekan yang lebih konsisten. Adapun untuk struktur beton dengan kekuatan sedang, penggunaan agregat Awang Bangkal sangat direkomendasikan. Sedangkan ketiga jenis air yang diujikan pada penelitian ini dapat digunakan dalam campuran beton. Kata kunci: agregat lokal, campuran beton, kuat tekan beton
PEMBELAJARAN MENYIMAK TEKS ANEKDOT KELAS X KECANTIKAN SMKN 4 BANJARMASIN
Authors: Hafifah Nur , Fatah Yasin Moh. , Taqwiem Ahsani 
Published: March 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan perencanaan pelaksanaan pembelajaran, proses pelaksanaan pembelajaran, dan evaluasi pembelajaran menyimak teks anekdot pada kelas X Kecantikan SMKN 4 Banjarmasin. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Metode penelitian ini yaitu dengan mengumpulkan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini mendsikripsikan pelaksanaan pembelajaran menyimak teks anekdot di sekolah. Dalam pembelajaran pelaksanaan ada tiga tahap yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Kegiatan perencanaan RPP sesuai dengan kurikulum 2013, guru sudah membuat RPP yang terdiri dari indikator, materi, kegiatan pembelajaran, penilaian, media, bahan dan sumber belajar beberapa komponen yang tidak dimasukkan oleh guru yaitu alokasi waktu dan metode yang digunakan. Guru juga tidak memasukkan tujuan pembelajaran. Pelaksanaan terdiri dari tiga kegiatan yaitu pendahuluan, kegiatan inti (pendekatan saintifik), dan kegiatan penutup. Tahap evaluasi guru berdasarkan presentasi di depan kelas dan keaktifan dalam pembelajaran dan untuk penilaian dilihat dari hasil unjuk kerja kelompok.
New Solar Thermal Materials
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science 
Published: March 2021

A number of ehemical ion materials were used as an absorber against solar energy. These materials were selected according to their absorption spectra in the wavelength range 300-800nm where the solar spectrum is coventrated. A solar olleetorw^esigd and	The ability of each material inside the collector for absorbing the solar radiation was examined by a converter parameter “R”.According to the “R” parameter, the cohaltous and copperic ions material seems to be of higher capability for absorbing solar energy than the other materials.All the results were analyzed by means of a least-squared fitting program.
Well-Being Perception During COVID-19 Pandemic in Healthy Adolescents: Evidence From the Avatar Study
Authors: Mastorci Francesca , Bastiani Luca , Trivellini Gabriele , Doveri Cristina , Casu Anselmo , Pozzi Marta , Marinaro Irene , Vassalle Cristina , Pingitore Alessandro 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background
COVID-19 pandemic provided an extraordinary and naturalistic context to observe young people’s psychosocial profile and to study how a condition of environmental deprivation and lack of direct social contact, affect the well-being and health status of adolescents. The current study explored whether the COVID-19 outbreak changes, in the short term, the acute well-being perception in adolescents, as measured by a Personalised Well-being Index (PWBI) and the four components affecting health (i.e. lifestyle habits, social context, emotional status, mental skills), in a sample of early adolescent students.
Methods
Data were collected in 1019 adolescents (boys 48.3%, mean age 12.53 ± 1.25), at the beginning of school year (Baseline Condition, BC) as part of the AVATAR project and during the Italian lockdown phase (LP) using online questionnaire.
Results
During COVID-19 quarantine, adolescents showed a lower PWBI (p = 0.000) as compared to the baseline conditions. Considering the four health-related well-being components, lifestyle habits (p = 0.000), social context (p = 0.000), and emotional status (p = 0.000), showed significantly lower values during lockdown phase than baseline ones. However, mental skills, in LP, displayed a significant increase as compared to pre-COVID conditions (p = 0.000).
Conclusions
In this study, we have provided data on the personalised well-being index and the different components affecting health in adolescents during the COVID-19 lockdown, showing a general decreased in well-being perception, expressed in the lifestyle habits, social, and emotional components, demonstrating detrimental effects in the first phase of quarantine on adolescents’psychosocial profile. Our result shed new light on adolescence as a crucial period of risk behaviour, especially when social support is lacking.
Synthesis of a functional biomass lignin-based hydrogel with high swelling and adsorption of Acid Red 73
Authors: Wei Shuxia , Chen Wu , Tong Zhiming , Jiang Nan , Zhu Mijia 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this study, sodium lignosulfonate (LS) was used as raw material, acrylamide (AM) and acryloyloxye thyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (DAC) as monomers, and N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as cross-linking agent, the potassium persulfate (KPS)/tetramethylethyl enediamine (TEMED) as oxidation/ reduction initiation system. Synthesis of a functional biomass terpolymer lignin-based hydrogel adsorbent (LAD) with excellent adsorption properties by free radical graft copolymerization. The structure and properties of the prepared LAD were characterized by FT-IR and SEM, and the relationship between structure and properties was studied. The effects of solution pH, adsorption time, hydrogel dosage, initial concentration of dye and temperature on the adsorption of AR 73 by LAD were investigated. LAD adsorbed AR 73 solution with initial concentration of 100mg/L for 2h to reach equilibrium, with equilibrium adsorption capacity and adsorption rate of 47.59mg/g and 95.18%, respectively. The prepared LAD hydrogel has good swelling and deswelling properties, the swelling ratio of water absorption for 2h was 25g/g, and the water loss rate of 120 min in ethanol solvent was 93.51%. The adsorption of AR 73 by LAD was consistent with the Langmuir isothermal adsorption model. It was single-molecule adsorption with a maximum adsorption capacity of 409.84mg/g. The adsorption was a process of spontaneous heat release and entropy reduction.The adsorption kinetics was in accordance with Pseudo-second-order kinetic equation, and the adsorption activation energy was 2.501 kJ/moL. In addition, the mechanism of adsorption is mainly electrostatic, and there are also comprehensive effects of physical, chemical adsorption and hydrogen bond.The LAD hydrogel adsorbent has a significant adsorption effect on AR 73, and can be used as an efficient and recyclable biomass adsorbent for the treatment of anionic dye wastewater.
Prescribing, Supplying, and Administering Medicines.&nbsp;A Contemporary Review of Podiatric Surgery in the United Kingdom
Authors: Maher Anthony John , Borthwick Alan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background. In the United Kingdom (UK) podiatrists are able to access ‘prescription only’ medicines via a specific but narrow range of legally mandated mechanisms. Data on access is also recorded by many podiatrists, especially podiatric surgeons, via a tailored data base developed within the College of Podiatry, known as PASCOM 10.Methods. The PASCOM 10 system was accessed to generate reports for the 2019 calendar year relating to podiatric surgery. The following reports were requested; Procedures, Fixations, Anaesthesia, Demographics, Medications, Post Treatment Sequalae, Patient Satisfaction (PSQ-10), Manchester Oxford Foot/Ankle Questionnaire (MOXFQ), Providers, and Referrals.Results. In 2019 there were 11,189 admissions for podiatric surgery in England recorded on the PASCOM 10 database. 103 surgery centres contributed data resulting in 18,497 procedures. Care was primarily offered in NHS settings accounting for 91% of activity, 94% of these procedures were performed under a local anaesthetic block. 18,576 medicines were supplied, administered, or prescribed from a list of 70 individual items. 29% of all medicines were prescribed by a podiatrist. Controlled drugs (CD) accounted for 28.7 percent of all recorded medicines. Conclusions. Using the PASCOM 10 database, it has been possible to identify an emerging trend in the methods of access to POM medicines by podiatrists, which appears to signal a shift in favour of independent prescribing and with that, a need for better access to controlled drugs to manage acute post-operative pain.
Risk Factors Associated With House Entry of Malaria Vectors in an Area of Burkina Faso With High, Persistent Malaria Transmission and High Insecticide Resistance
Authors: Yaro Jean Baptiste , Tiono Alfred , Sanou Antoine , Toe Hyacinthe K , Bradley John , Ouedraogo Alphonse , Ouedraogo Z Amidou , Guelbeogo Moussa , Agboraw Efundem , Worrall Eve , Sagnon N'Fale , Lindsay Steve , Wilson Anne L 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: In rural Burkina Faso, the malaria vector An. gambiae s.l. is primarily thought to feed indoors at night. Identification of factors which influence mosquito house entry could lead to development of novel malaria vector control interventions. A study was therefore carried out to identify risk factors associated with house entry of An. gambiae s.l. in south-west Burkina Faso, an area of high insecticide resistance. Methods: Mosquitoes were sampled monthly during the malaria transmission season using CDC light traps in 252 houses from 10 villages, each house sleeping at least one child aged five to 15 years old. Putative risk factors for house entry of An. gambiae s.l. were measured, including socio-economic status, caregiver’s education and occupation, number of people sleeping in the same room as the child, use of anti-mosquito measures, house construction and fittings, proximity of mosquito aquatic habitats and presence of animals near the house. Mosquito counts were compared using a generalised linear mixed-effect model with negative binomial and log link function, adjusting for repeated collections. Results: 20,929 mosquitoes were caught, of which 16,270 (77.7%) were An. gambiae s.l. Of the 6,691 An. gambiae s.l. identified to species, 4,101 (61.3%) were An. gambiae and 2,590 (38.7%) An. coluzzii. Having an electricity supply (incidence rate ratio, IRR = 0.4, 95% CI = 0.3–0.7, p = 0.001) and a metal-roofed house (IRR, = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.4–1.0, p = 0.034) were associated with fewer malaria vectors inside the home. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that there were fewer An. gambiae s.l. in homes with electricity and a metal roof compared to those that did not. Brightly-lit, well-built houses with metal roofs may reduce entry of malaria mosquitoes compared to dimly-lit, poorly-built thatched roofed houses.
Simultaneous palmar-divergent dislocation of scaphoid and lunate associated with ipsilateral humeroradial joint dislocation and humerus shaft fracture:a rare case report and proposal of an additional subtype&nbsp;
Authors: Feng Wan-Wen , Qian Yuan , Han Cheng-Xiang , Liu Yu-Ping 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Simultaneous palmar dislocation of scaphoid and lunate is rare and currently classified into palmar dislocation as a unit and palmar-divergent dislocation. Up to now, nine cases of palmar-divergent dislocation of scaphoid and lunate have been reported, with one case associated with ipsilateral radial head fracture and another trapezium fracture. Here we presented a 31-year-old male who fell from a three-storey building and diagnosed as palmar-divergent dislocation of scaphoid and lunate associated with ipsilateral humeroradial joint dislocation and open humeral shaft fracture. To raise our awareness of concomitant dislocations or fractures resulting from the same violence transmission in the ipsilateral upper extremity and avoid missed diagnosis and thoroughly evaluate injuries severity, we proposed this injury should be an additional third subtype of palmar dislocation of scaphoid and lunate. Surgical sequence and options consider the location of concomitant dislocations or fractures. This report first performed debridement and internal fixation for humerus fracture and then close reduction for humeroradial joint dislocation. Finally, palmar-divergent dislocation of scaphoid and lunate was treated with open reduction and fixation by Kirschner's wires and only repaired the stronger palmar scapholunate ligament through a single volar approach. At a 3-year follow-up, the patient gained satisfactory wrist function and the humeral fracture healed without evidence of recurrent dislocations, collapse or avascular necrosis of scapholunate. We discussed the potential benefits of the stronger palmar scapholunate ligament repair through a single volar approach to treat palmar-divergent dislocation of scaphoid and lunate. In conclusion, we report a rare case of palmar-divergent dislocation of scaphoid and lunate associated with other ipsilateral dislocations or fractures originating from the same violence traveling and propose that these complex injuries should be subdivided into a third subtype in the modified classification of palmar dislocation of scaphoid and lunate. Once diagnosed, palmar-divergent dislocation of scaphoid and lunate is fit to receive an open reduction and fixation with Kirschner's wires and the stronger palmar scapholunate ligament repair through a single volar approach. A good outcome with an almost full range of motion and freedom from pain can achieve using this method.
Genetic variability of panicle architecture in traditional finger millets from Koraput valley of Eastern Ghats for crop improvement
Authors: Panda Debabrata , Tanty Amrita , Behera Prafulla K , Panda Aloukika , Lenka Kartik 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Panicle phenotyping is most demanding targets in crop breeding programs as panicle is an important plant parts that influences the grain yield. Diversity of panicle traits were analyzed in 20 traditional finger millet genotypes and three hybrid varieties from Koraput valley of Eastern Ghats. Significant difference of panicle characteristics like panicle length, panicle number, panicle weight, flag leaf area, panicle angle and grain yield were observed in experimented finger millet genotypes. In regards to principal component analysis, the first two axis of principal component obtained 52.97% of total variation and reflected huge difference between explored genotypes. Highest positive loading was observed for leaf weight followed by panicle number, panicle weight and panicle length and leaf area and are the major determinant for phenotypic variability. All the studied traits showed maximized phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) over genotypic variation (GCV) and lower differences found among them. The genotypes showed maximum broad-sense of heritability value for grain yield (82.27%) and panicle weight (75.96%) compared to other traits. In addition, genetic advance as mean% (GAM) ranged from 11.01–29.26% and high GAM was recorded for panicle angle, leaf area, panicle weight, panicle number and yield. It revealed that these characters can be used as selection criteria in crop improvement program for improving grain yield. Traditional finger millet genotypes such as Bhadi, Murda, Telgu and Chilli recorded superior panicle traits and Limca and Kalia showed better grain yield at par with the hybrids, which can be utilized in future crop improvement program.
Does the guided online cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia “i-Sleep youth” improve sleep of adolescents and young adults with insomnia after childhood cancer? (MICADO-study): Study protocol of a randomized-controlled trial
Authors: Peersmann Shosha , Straten Annemieke van , Kaspers Gertjan , Thano Adriana , Bergh Esther van den , Grootenhuis Martha , Litsenburg Raphaële van 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Adolescents and young adults who had childhood cancer are at increased risk for insomnia, due to being critically ill during an important phase of their life for the development of good sleep habits. Insomnia is disabling and prevalent after childhood cancer (26-29%) and negatively impacts quality of life, fatigue, pain and general functioning and is often associated with other (mental) health problems. Insomnia and a history of childhood cancer both increase the risk of adverse health outcomes, posing a double burden for adolescents who had childhood cancer. The first-line treatment for insomnia is cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I). However, access to this type of care is often limited. The guided online CBT-I treatment “i-Sleep” has been developed to facilitate access via online care. i-Sleep is shown effective in adult (breast cancer) patients, but it is unknown if iCBT-I is effective in pediatric oncology. Methods/design: We developed a youth version of i-Sleep. Our aim is to evaluate its effectiveness in a national randomized-controlled clinical trial comparing iCBT-I to a waiting-list control condition at 3 and 6 months ( n =70). The intervention group will be also assessed at 12 months to see whether the post-test effects are maintained. Adolescents and young adults aged 12-30 years with insomnia, diagnosed with (childhood) cancer, currently at least 6 months since their last cancer treatment will be eligible. Outcomes include sleep efficiency (actigraphic), insomnia severity (self-report), sleep and circadian activity rhythm parameters, fatigue, health-related quality of life, perceived cognitive functioning, chronic distress, depressive- and anxiety symptoms and intervention acceptability. Discussion: Insomnia is prevalent in the pediatric oncology population posing a double health burden for adolescents and young adults who had childhood cancer. If guided iCBT-I is effective, guidelines for insomnia can be installed to treat insomnia and potentially improve quality of life and the health of adolescents and young adults who had childhood cancer. Trial registration: NL7220 (NTR7419; Netherlands Trial register), registered 02-August-2018
Relación genética entre toros de inseminación comercializados en Chile por distintas empresas proveedoras de semen: Un estudio de caso
Authors: Piñeira Vargas Jaime Enrique , Díaz Ortega Matías Alejandro , Cancino Lopez Olga Camila 
Published: March 2021

La inseminación artificial (IA) es actualmente el manejo reproductivo preferido para la mayoría de los ganaderos que trabajan con razas de ganado internacionales como Holstein Friesian y Aberdeen Angus. En relación con esto, varios autores han descrito que a lo largo de los años ha habido una alteración en parámetros de productivos, lo que se asociaría significativamente con un aumento en el grado de endogamia en los animales. Esta situación tendría su origen a nivel de los núcleos genéticos, en los que se llevan a cabo programas de mejora, debido al pequeño número de líneas familiares a las que pertenecen los animales seleccionados como reproductores. Este estudio evaluó el grado de parentesco entre toros de inseminación Holstein Friesian y Aberdeen Angus comercializados en Chile por dos empresas de distribución de semen. Se estudiaron un total de 86 toros disponibles en catálogos hasta el año 2017. La información genealógica de cada toro se remonta hasta trastatarabuelo y luego se construyó un registro genealógico consolidado para cada raza. Este análisis consideró la estimación del porcentaje de endogamia (F) de cada toro y la construcción de una matriz de parentesco aditivo (A) entre los animales. Los resultados indicaron que el 99% de los toros Holstein y el 79% de los toros Angus están emparentados. Como resultado de lo anterior, se concluye que es esencial que en Chile se inicie un programa de gestión de información genealógica para controlar adecuadamente los niveles de endogamia y poder mitigar los problemas que puedan surgir a causa de este fenómeno.