bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect on Successful Recanalization of Thrombus Length in Susceptibility- weighted Imaging in Mechanical Thrombectomy with Stentretrieval
Authors: Lee Dong Hoon , Sung Jae Hoon , Yi Ho Jun , Lee Min Hyung , Song Seung Yoon 
Published: February 2021

Introduction:
Susceptibility-Eeighted Imaging (SWI) enables visualization of thrombotic
material in acute ischemic stroke. We analyzed the association between thrombus length on SWI
and the success rate of recanalization in stent-retriever mechanical thrombectomy.

Methods:
A retrospective study was performed on 128 patients with Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA)
thrombus on pretreatment SWI. The patients were divided into 2 groups, the successful recanalization
and the failed recanalization group. Thrombus visibility and location on SWI were compared
to those on Maximum Intensity Projection (MIP) in Computed Tomography (CT) angiography.
A comparative analysis was performed in terms of clinical and radiologic outcomes as well as
complications with respect to multiple categories.

Results:
No significant differences were noted in terms of baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes
between the 2 groups. However, compared with the successful recanalization group, the
failed recanalization group had a larger number of stent-retriever passages and a longer thrombus
length (p = 0.027 and 0.014, respectively). Multivariate analyses revealed that a larger mean number
of stent-retriever passages was a predictive factor for failure of recanalization (odds ratio [OR]
1.60; 95% confidence Interval [CI] 1.12-2.08; p = 0.04). Thrombus length (OR 9.91; 95% CI
3.89-13.87; p < 0.001) and atrial fibrillation (OR 5.38; 95% CI 1.51-9.58; p = 0.008) were separately
associated with more than 3 stent-retriever passages.

Conclusions:
Thrombus length has been identified as a predictor of recanalization failure in mechanical
thrombectomy. A significant decline in the success rate of recanalization was associated with
longer thrombus length.
An Efficient Synthesis of 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-pyrimidinones from Aldehyde
Bisulfite Adducts using Recyclable Wang Resin Supported Sulfonic Acid
Catalyst
Authors: Kumar K. Pavithran Vinay , Rao Vinti S.P. , Jaganmohan Chikkanti , Mohanty Sandeep , Kumar Jaydeep , Rao Battula Venkateswara , Kalyani Kommineni , Kallam Srinivasa Reddy 
Published: February 2021

Abstract:
An efficient one-pot multicomponent synthesis of 3,4- dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones has
been developed from aldehyde bisulfite adducts, ethyl acetoacetate and urea using recyclable polymer-
supported sulfonic acid catalyst. This new method provides several advantages over the previous
synthesis, including high product yields, commercially viable, minimal workup operations and
sustainable chemical practices.
Vascular Dysfunction in the Brain; Implications for Heavy Metal Exposures
Authors: Olung Nzube F. , Aluko Oritoke M. , Jeje Sikirullai O. , Adeagbo Ayotunde S. , Ijomone Omamuyovwi M. 
Published: February 2021

:Normal or diseased conditions that alter the brain’s requirement for oxygen and nutrients via alterations to neurovascular coupling have an impact on the level of the neurovascular unit; comprising neuronal, glial and vascular components. The communications between the components of the neurovascular unit are precise and accurate for its functions; hence a minute disturbance can result in neurovascular dysfunction. Heavy metals such as cadmium, mercury, and lead have been identified to increase the vulnerability of the neurovascular unit to damage. This review examines the role of heavy metals in neurovascular dysfunctions and the possible mechanisms by which these metals act. Risk factors ranging from lifestyle, environment, genetics, infections, and physiologic ageing involved in neurological dysfunctions were highlighted, while stroke was discussed as the prevalent consequence of neurovascular dysfunctions. Furthermore, the role of these heavy metals in the pathogenesis of stroke consequently pinpoints the importance of understanding the mechanisms of neurovascular damage in a bid to curb the occurrence of neurovascular dysfunctions.
Diagnostic Value of Portal Vein Velocity for Portal Hypertension in Patients with Hepatitis B Virus-related Cirrhosis
Authors: Liu Changchun , Chen Sizhe , Yan Xinwen , Xiang Yi , Hui Jialiang , Liu Zhao , Yu Qiang , Li Yongwu , Qi Ruping , Liu Yuan , Bai Xu , Gao Yuanzhi , An Weimin , Dong Jinghui , Shen Wen 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Portal vein velocity (PVV) has shown a reasonable correlation with the
presence of portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis. This study aims to evaluate the value of
PVV for diagnosing clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) and predicting the risk of
variceal hemorrhage (VH) in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related cirrhosis.

Material and Methods:
A cohort of 166 consecutive adult patients with HBV-related cirrhosis was
recruited in this retrospective study from two high-volume liver centers in China between April
2015 and April 2017. The performance of PVV and other non-invasive parameters for diagnosing
CSPH and predicting the risk of VH was studied.

Results:
PVV demonstrated the best performance for diagnosing CSPH (defined as an HVPG ≥10
mmHg) in patients with HBV-related cirrhosis among the included non-invasive predictors with
the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), specificity, and sensitivity of
0.745, 50%, and 93.5%, respectively. Other non-invasive markers, including APRI, AAR, LS,
FIB-4, and diameter of the portal vein, did not show sufficient performance with the AUCs of
0.565, 0.560, 0.544, 0.529, and 0.474, respectively. With regard to predicting the risk of VH
(defined as an HVPG ≥12 mmHg), PPV also exhibited a moderate performance with an AUC of
0.762, which was superior to that of the aforementioned markers. By using two cutoff values of
PVV to rule-out (11.65 cm/s) and rule-in (20.20 cm/s) CSPH, 30 (33.7%) patients showed definite
results categories, with 23 (76.7%) patients were well classified and 7 (23.3%) were misclassified.
Fifty-nine (66.3%) patients were with indeterminate results. By using PVV values of 13.10 cm/s
and 21.40 cm/s to rule-out and rule-in HVPG ≥ 12mmHg, 34 (38.2%) patients has definite results,
among whom 26 (76.5%) were well classified and 8 (23.5%) were misclassified. And 55 (61.8%)
patients required further evaluation.

Conclusion:
PPV is insufficient to serve as a non-invasive parameter for identifying CSPH and predicting
the risk of VH in patients with HBV-related cirrhosis.
Therapeutic Potential of Green Synthesized Metallic Nanoparticles Against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Tsegaye Meron Moges , Chouhan Garima , Fentie Molla , Tyagi Priya , Nand Parma 
Published: February 2021

Background:
The recent treatment challenges posed by the widespread emergence of
pathogenic multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial strains cause huge health problems worldwide. Infections
caused by MDR organisms are associated with longer periods of hospitalization, increased
mortality, and inflated healthcare costs. Staphylococcus aureus is one of these MDR organisms
identified as an urgent threat to human health by the World Health Organization. Infections caused
by S. aureus may range from simple cutaneous infestations to life-threatening bacteremia. S. aureus
infections easily escalate in severely ill, hospitalized, and or immunocompromised patients
with an incapacitated immune system. Also, in HIV-positive patients, S. aureus ranks amongst one
of the most common comorbidities where it can further worsen a patient’s health condition. At present,
anti-staphylococcal therapy is typically reliant on chemotherapeutics that are gaining resistance
and pose unfavorable side-effects. Thus, newer drugs are required that can bridge these shortcomings
and aid effective control against S. aureus.

Objective:
In this review, we summarize drug resistance exhibited by S. aureus, lacunae in current
anti-staphylococcal therapy and nanoparticles as an alternative therapeutic modality. The focus lies
on various green synthesized nanoparticles, their mode of action, and their application as potent
antibacterial compounds against S. aureus.

Conclusion:
The use of nanoparticles as anti-bacterial drugs has gained momentum in the recent
past, and green synthesized nanoparticles, which involve microorganisms and plants or their
byproducts for the synthesis of nanoparticles, offer a potent, as well as environment friendly solution
in warfare against MDR bacteria.
Communication strategies used by specialised preschool teachers for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in South Africa.
Authors: Heslop Jenna , Mophosho Munyane 
Published: February 2021

Aim and Background: The study aimed at expanding our understanding of the communication strategies used by teachers of pre-schoolers with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) in Johannesburg, South Africa. By describing the use of current practices, our study aimed to provide recommendations for the development of support in the classroom, including Allied Health services. Methods: Through homogeneous purpose sampling, five qualified teachers were recruited from public and private pre-schools in Johannesburg. The data were gathered through semi-structured qualitative interviews, combined with observations from the classroom. A qualitative descriptive design, with the combination of both data sets and thematic analysis were used. Results: One overarching theme emerged from the data: Diversity. With three sub-themes: range of communication strategies, communication difficulties, and feelings and perceptions related to interacting with children with ASD. Diversity was prominently displayed in the children’s communication and needs, in the successful use of multi-modal communication strategies used by teachers and in the teachers’ feelings and perceptions related to the children. Teachers’ skills and comfort level in communicating with children with diverse needs, is foundational to successful communication and learning. Allied Health support for teachers in classrooms and workforce strategies for teachers will assist in supporting teachers of young children in classrooms.
Key Words: autism spectrum disorder, communication strategies, teachers, pre-schoolers
Biocompatibilidad y actividad microbiana de sulfuro de plata nanoestructurado para aplicación en biomateriales: revisión sistemática
Authors: Mendoza Avilés Aimee Marlene , Mendoza Ornelas Mercedes Guadalupe , Andrade Martínez Lilia Michelle , Miranda Fernández Héctor Javier , Mares Muñoz Sayra Susana , Vilchis Valadez Edna Pamela , Castañeda Cisneros Jesús Enrique , Arenas-Arrocena Ma. Concepción 
Published: February 2021

Actualmente nos enfrentamos a un panorama díficil por la marcada resistencia antibiotica a los agentes antimicrobianos existentes. Las infecciones microbianas representan una importante amenaza clínica por lo que es necesario buscar alternativas de nuevos agentes, realizando pruebas de sensibilidad microbiana y de biocompatibilidad. El objetivo de esta revisión es realizar una búsqueda sistemática sobre la actividad microbiana y la biocompatibilidad de nanoestructuras de sulfuro de plata, para aplicaciones en los biomateriales. La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos ScienceDirect, Web of science y PubMed en octubre de 2020, utilizando las palabras clave: biocompatibilidad, viabilidad celular, actividad antimicrobiana o efecto antifúngico. Se siguieron los lineamientos del PRISMA para las revisiones sistemáticas. Los trece artículos incluidos de estudios in vitro o in vivo mostraron que las nanoestructuras de sulfuro de plata inhiben microrganismos Gram(+) y Gram (-) como S. aureus y E. coli, respectivamente, sin importar el tamaño. Puntos cuánticos menores a 5 nm de sulfuro de plata presentan más del 65% de viabilidad celular con fibroblastos o células humanas. Se concluye que la actividad antimicrobiana y viabilidad celular que presentan las nanoestructuras de sulfuro de plata no mostraron una dependencia con el tamaño y la concentración, pero podrían utilizarse en biomateriales.
THE INFLUENCE ANALYSIS OF HUMAN RESOURCES, CAPITAL INCOME, DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURE BUDGET AND REAL GRDP ON HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX IN MANDAILING NATAL REGENCY
Authors: Nasution Hamonangan 
Published: February 2021

Quality of Human Resources in developing countries and poor countries is a very serious issue to be addressed . When the quality of human resources do not keep pace with the progress of time involved will lead to underdevelopment , poverty and unemployment which in turn trigger the overflow gap , inequality and adversity . This study aims to look at and determine how much influence Number of Qualified Persons , Budget Development, Real Gross Domestic Product and Shopping Structural Transformation of the Human Development Index in Mandailing Natal Regency . Used in measuring and analyzing time series data ( time series ) in the form of quarters in the period 2003 : Q1 - 2012 : Q4 . Data analysis using OLS ( Ordinary Least Square ) which is multiple regression . The results showed RHQ variable positive and significant effect on the HDI Mandailing Natal district , ABP variablespositive and significant effect on the HDI Mandailing Natal Regency ,any one significant negative effect on the HDI in Mandailing Natal Regency is Shopping Structural Transformation , while variable GRDPCP positive and significant impact on HDI of Mandailing Natal Regency. in α = 5%. The result of the regression model of HDI policy is R-squered=0,8967 whereas the presence of the model is R-squered BTS= 0,8907 in Mandailing Natal Regency, after the classic test. This means that in thebase stations are very well organized affect HDI, whereas if done deviation will adversely affect the HDI.
PARADIGMA PENYELENGGARAAN NEGARA DAN PEMBANGUNAN NASIONAL BERWAWASAN HUKUM
Authors: Jumadi Jumadi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract If the law is understood rigidly and narrowly in the sense of statutory regulations only, surely the definition of the rule of law that is developed is also narrow and limited and may not necessarily guarantee substantive justice, which has recently been expressly stated that Indonesia is not a regulatory state. Therefore, in addition to the term 'the rule of law' by Friedman also developed the term 'the rule of law' to ensure that the concept of 'the rule of law' encompasses an understanding of justice that is more essential than just the functioning of laws and regulations in narrow meaning. Even if the term used is 'the rule of law', it is the broad understanding that is expected to be included in the term 'the rule of law' which is used to refer to the conception of the rule of law in the reform era.Keywords: Law, National Development , State Administration. AbstrakApabila hukum dipahami secara kaku dan sempit dalam arti peraturan perundang-undangan semata, niscaya pengertian negara hukum yang dikembangkan juga bersifat sempit dan terbatas serta belum tentu dapat menjamin keadilan substantif, yang akhir-akhir ini tegas disampaikan bahwa Indonesia bukan negara peraturan. Karena itu, di samping istilah ‘the rule of law’ oleh Friedman juga mengembangkan istilah ‘the rule of just law’ untuk memastikan bahwa dalam konsep ‘the rule of law’ tercakup pengertian keadilan yang lebih esensiel dari pada sekedar memfungsikan peraturan perundang-undangan dalam arti sempit. Kalaupun istilah yang digunakan tetap ‘the rule of law’, pengertian yang bersifat luas itulah yang diharapkan dicakup dalam istilah ‘the rule of law’ yang digunakan untuk menyebut konsepsi negara hukum di era reformasi.Kata Kunci : Hukum, Pembangunan Nasional, Penyelenggaraan Negara.
PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA HUBUNGAN KERJA DI KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: Hasyim Hasyim 
Published: February 2021

Sebagaimana dalam Undang-Undang Dasar Negara RI 1945 pada pasal 28 D ayat (2) ditegaskan, bahwa setiap orang berhak untuk bekerja serta mendapat imbalan dan perlakuan yang adil dan layak dalam hubungan kerja. Hubungan kerja dimaksud, lebih dikenal dengan Kerja yang secara dogmatig dan normatif diatur lebih lanjut dalam Undang-Undang (UU) Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan. Pada Bab XI mulai dari pasal 102 sampai dengan pasal 149 berisi norma hukum mengenai Kerja, sedang pada Bab XII mulai dari pasal 140 sampai dengan pasal 172 mengenai Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja.
TRANSAKSI E-COMMERSE DALAM EKONOMI SYARIAH
Authors: Muhammad Mahmuda Mulia 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe advancement of telecommunications, information and computer technology has led to changes in culture and the demands of everyday life, so that it has given birth to new patterns of relationships, including in the business world. One of its flagship media is through e-commerce (electronic commerce). The emergence of concerns about e-commerce transactions, especially the Islamic community in Indonesia, both from a security perspective and a sharia perspective. This paper aims to analyze e-commerce transactions in Islamic economics. The results of the analysis concluded that technically the transaction, both in the form of buying and selling services or goods, if the goods are delivered in a formidable form of non-digital, then e-commerce transactions can be analogous to the sale of al-salam, which has been prescribed from the beginning- the beginning of Islam through the Sunnah of the Holy Prophet. The use of e-commerce in Indonesia is permitted while the two parties understand each other. This article is also to provide general guidance about e-commerce users in running their business. Keywords: Bai 'as-salam, E-Commerce, Islamic Economics.AbstrakKemajuan teknologi telekomunikasi, informasi dan komputer, telah menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan kultur dan tuntutan hidup sehari-hari, sehingga telah melahirkan pola hubungan baru, di antaranya dalam dunia bisnis. Salah satu media andalannya adalah melalui e-commerce (electronic commerce). Munculnya kekhawatiran terhadap transaksi e-commerce khususnya masyarakat Islam di Indonesia, baik dari prespektif keamanan dan prespektif syariah. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis transaksi e-commerce dalam ekonomi syariah. Hasil analisis disimpulkan bahwa secara teknis transaksinya, baik dalam bentuk jual-beli jasa atau barang, kalau barang tersebut diserahkan secara tangguh karena berbentuk non digital, maka transaksi e-commerce dapat dianalogikan kepada jual-beli al-salam, yang telah disyariatkan semenjak awal mulanya Islam melalui Sunnah Nabi saw. Penggunaan e-commerce di Indonesia dibolehkan selagi antara kedua belah pihak saling paham. Artikel ini juga untuk memberikan panduan umum tentang pengguna e-commerce dalam menjalankan bisnisnya.Kata Kunci : Bai’ as-salam, E-Commerce, Ekonomi Syariah.
ZAKAT SOLUSI PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT
Authors: Anis Muhammad 
Published: February 2021

AbstractZakat is an obligation for those who have the ability called Muzakki which aims to help others and for those who don’t have the ability to be called Mustahik, including the poor, amil, converts, people who owe, people who demand knowledge, and people who struggle in the way of Allah Swt. Besides that, zakat can also be a tool for empowering Muslims. The Muzakki, Amil and Zakat Collecting Institutions must be at the forefront in the process of empowering umad, according to Minister of Religion Regulation No. 52 of 2014, Zakat is a treasure that must be issued by a Muslim or a business entity owned by Muslims to be given to those entitled to receive it in accordance with Islamic law. According to QS. At-Taubah verse 60, that Allah gave the provisions there are eight groups of people who receive Zakat. In general, Zakat is divided into two types of Zakat Fitrah and Zakat Harta (Mal). Zakat Fitrah must be issued in the holy month of Ramadan for every soul both men and women with Islamic religious requirements, Living on the Month of Ramadan, Having food or basic needs for the night of Eid al-Fitr. Zakat Harta (Mal) is zakat which is issued if the nizab has been fulfilled and is not in conflict with religious law. Keywords: Community Empowerment, Solutions, Zakat.AbstrakZakat merupakan Kewajiban bagi yang punya kemampuan dinamakan Muzakki yang bertujuan untuk membantu orang lain dan bagi tidak punya kemampuan dinamakan Mustahik, diantaranya adalah Fakir, Miskin, Amil, Muallaf, Orang Yang berutang, Orang yang Menuntut Ilmu, dan Orang yang berjuang dijalan Allah Swt. Disamping itu zakat juga dapat menjadi alat pemberdayaan ummad. Para Muzakki, Amil dan Lembaga Pengumpul Zakat (UPZ) harus berada pada garda terdepan dalam dalam proses pemberdayaan umad, menurut Peraturan Menteri Agama no 52 Tahun 2014, Zakat adalah Harta yang wajib dikeluarkan oleh seorang muslim atau badan usaha yang dimiliki oleh orang islam untuk diberikan kepada yang berhak menerimanya sesuai dengan syariat Islam. Menurut QS. At-Taubah ayat 60, bahwa Allah memberikan ketentuan ada delapan golongan orang yang menerima Zakat. Secara umum Zakat terbagi menjadi dua jenis yaitu Zakat Fitrah dan Zakat Harta (Mal). Zakat Fitrah wajib dikeluarkan pada bulan suci ramadhan atas setiap jiwa baik laki laki maupun perempuan dengan syarat beragama Islam, Hidup pada Bulan Ramadhan, Memiliki kebutuhan makanan atau kebutuhan pokok untuk pada malam hari raya idul fitri. Zakat Harta (Mal) adalah zakat yang dikeluarkan jika nizabnya sudah terpenuhi dan tidak bertentangan dengan syariat agama.Kata Kunci : Pemberdayaan Masyarakat, Solusi, Zakat.
KETIDAKMAMPUAN MEMBAYAR UTANG DALAM PERMOHONAN PENUNDAAN KEWAJIBAN PEMBAYARAN UTANG OLEH MANTAN PILOT LION AIR
Authors: Mawwaddah Luthfatun 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAn alternative that can be taken to overcome the problem of fulfilling debt payment obligations is to postpone the Obligation of Debt Payment Obligations (PKPU), such as the submission of PKPU done by former Lion Air pilots with Case Number 196 / Pdt.Sus-PKPU / 2019 / PN Niaga Jkt.Pst which won the suit of former Lion Air pilot. However, the results of the decision were not carried out by Lion Air. his writing aims to find out the meaning of the condition of "inability" to pay debts which is the basis of the judge in rejecting the PKPU petition from ex-Lion Air pilot. The method used is to use a normative research method by conducting analysis that is used to focus on the findings of the law, the judge's decision, the opinions of experts, books, and official websites related to this writing. The results of this study explained that the case of PKPU petition by former Lion Air pilots, the judge assessed the condition of "incompetence" based on the going concern value situation in Lion Air where the judge considered that Lion Air's business was still feasible to proceed.Keywords: inability, Lion Air, PKPU AbstrakAlternatif yang dapat ditempuh untuk mengatasi persoalan pemenuhan kewajiban pembayaran utang adalah dengan mangadakan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang (PKPU), seperti pengajuan PKPU yang dilakukan oleh mantan pilot Lion Air dengan Nomor Perkara 196/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2019/PN Niaga Jkt.Pst dimana memenangkan gugatan mantan pilot Lion Air. Namun, hasil putusan tersebut tidak dilaksanakan oleh pihak Lion Air. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui makna kondisi “ketidakmampuan” membayar utang yang menjadi dasar hakim dalam menolak permohonan PKPU mantan pilot Lion Air. Metode yang digunakan adalah menggunakan metode penelitian normatif dengan melakukan analisis yang digunakan berfokus pada temuan-temuan dari undang-undang, putusan hakim, pendapat para ahli, buku, dan situs web resmi yang berkaitan dengan penulisan ini. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa kasus pemohonan PKPU oleh para mantan pilot Lion Air, hakim menilai kondisi “ketidakmampuan” berdasarkan keadaan going concern value pada Lion Air yang mana hakim menilai bahwa usaha Lion Air masih layak untuk dilanjutkan.Kata Kunci: Ketidakmampuan, Lion Air, PKPU.