bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trusted cloud broker for estimating the reputation of cloud providers in federated cloud environment
Authors: Muralidharan C. , Anitha R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn federated cloud environment, it is too hard for the consumers to manage the services as multiple services may be rendered from multiple providers. Finding the trustable cloud service provider is an important and tedious process for the consumers before acquiring the services. In this proposed work, the reputation of the service providers are calculated through two different scenarios such as reputation estimation through consumer ratings and reputation estimation based on the trusted cloud broker (TCB) monitored data. The technical parameters such as availability of service, response time, bandwidth, throughput, and so forth, and nontechnical parameters such as service compliance, ease of access, support, readability of document, and so forth, of the rendered services are considered for analysis. The proposed model follows the fuzzy analytical hierarchical process principles that are used for ranking the services based on the quality of service and quality of experience metrics. The total reputations of the providers are calculated by combining the updated consumer reputation and the TCB estimated reputation. The performance of the proposed model is compared with the existing models such as RTM and CSTEM and found that the proposed model estimates the reputation with more accuracy.
Ordination analysis in sedimentology, geochemistry and palaeoenvironment—Background, current trends and recommendations
Authors: Bialik Or M. , Jarochowska Emilia , Grossowicz Michal 
Published: July 2021

AbstractOrdination is the name given to a group of methods used to analyse multiple variables without preceding hypotheses. Over the last few decades, the use of these methods in Earth science in general, and notably in analyses of sedimentary sources, has dramatically increased. However, with limited resources oriented towards Earth scientists on the topic, the application of ordination analysis is at times suboptimal and misuse by authors can occur. This text was written for researchers with little to no experience with ordination with the aim of exposing them to the utility and the pitfalls of this branch of exploratory statistics. To do so, a detailed review of three ordination methods is offered: principal component analysis, non‐metric multidimensional scaling and detrended correspondence analysis. A survey of 163 publications in Earth science is presented, in which these ordination methods were used together with a summary of how, why and on what type of data ordination was used. With common mistakes outlined and misuses in those publications identified. Notably, issues were found with reproducibility, documentation, data set dimensions and transformations. Based on this survey, a recommended workflow is offered for Earth scientists who wish to apply ordination. Additionally, this article is accompanied by highly annotated R scripts for novice users to use these methods.
A novel larval diet interacts with nutritional stress to modify juvenile behaviors and glucocorticoid responses
Authors: Ledón‐Rettig Cristina C. , Lagon Sarah R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDevelopmental plasticity can allow the exploitation of alternative diets. While such flexibility during early life is often adaptive, it can leave a legacy in later life that alters the overall health and fitness of an individual. Species of the spadefoot toad genus Spea are uniquely poised to address such carryover effects because their larvae can consume drastically different diets: their ancestral diet of detritus or a derived shrimp diet. Here, we use Spea bombifrons to assess the effects of developmental plasticity in response to larval diet type and nutritional stress on juvenile behaviors and stress axis reactivity. We find that, in an open‐field assay, juveniles fed shrimp as larvae have longer latencies to move, avoid prey items more often, and have poorer prey‐capture abilities. While juveniles fed shrimp as larvae are more exploratory, this effect disappears if they also experienced a temporary nutritional stressor during early life. The larval shrimp diet additionally impairs juvenile jumping performance. Finally, larvae that were fed shrimp under normal nutritional conditions produce juveniles with higher overall glucocorticoid levels, and larvae that were fed shrimp and experienced a temporary nutritional stressor produce juveniles with higher stress‐induced glucocorticoid levels. Thus, while it has been demonstrated that consuming the novel, alternative diet can be adaptive for larvae in nature, doing so has marked effects on juvenile phenotypes that may recalibrate an individual's overall fitness. Given that organisms often utilize diverse diets in nature, our study underscores the importance of considering how diet type interacts with early‐life nutritional adversity to influence subsequent life stages.
A five‐gene panel refines differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules
Authors: Lu Sang‐Yu , Chen Ying‐Chao , Zhu Chen‐Fang , Chen Jing , Zhou Qin‐Yi , Zhang Man‐Man , Zhang Qian‐Yue , Lu Meng , Yang Liu , Wu Jing , Zhao Shuang‐Xia , Song Huai‐Dong , Ye Xiao‐Ping 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundMolecular testing for oncogenic mutations in fine‐needle aspiration has showed high predictive value in identifying malignant lesions from thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology.MethodsTo figure out an efficient and economical gene panel for most medical institutions in China, we designed a five‐gene panel including BRAF/NRAS/KRAS/HRAS/TERT genes and conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the role of this five‐gene diagnostic panel in differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules.ResultsA total of 665 patients with 695 thyroid nodules were investigated in the current study. The fine‐needle aspiration biopsy and surgically separated thyroid tissue specimens were harvested to test BRAF, TERT, NRAS, KRAS, and HRAS mutations. We identified 261 mutations in 665 patients, including 177 V600E mutations in BRAF. Three hundred and sixty‐nine patients who underwent thyroid surgery after completion of the initial clinical and cytological evaluation were enrolled in the final analysis. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the combination of FNAB cytology and five‐gene detection were 74.7%, 93.8%, and 84.8%, respectively. BRAF V600E and five‐gene panel could recognize 46.4% and 53.6% of papillary thyroid carcinoma in the patients with cytologically indeterminate nodules.ConclusionThe five‐gene panel can effectively improve the sensitivity, negative predictive value, and accuracy of fine‐needle aspiration biopsy cytology, especially in the patients with cytologically indeterminate nodules.
Toward holistic frontline employee management: An investigation of the interplay of positive emotion displays and dress color
Authors: Bruder Maximilian , Lechner Andreas T. , Paul Michael 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFrontline employees' visual appearance is important in many service industries. Positive emotion displays are especially crucial, as are aesthetic displays such as dress color. However, emotion and aesthetic displays have commonly been examined independently of each other in marketing research. We contribute to research and practice by drawing attention to customers' holistic perception of frontline employees, indicating that emotion displays and aesthetic displays, such as dress color, are jointly processed. Across four experiments, we demonstrate that the effects of positive emotion displays on customer tipping and employee warmth can be amplified by using warm (vs. cold) dress colors. Drawing on emotions as social information theory, we show that this interaction is explained by a cognitive inferential (i.e., the perception of fit) and not by an affective pathway through positive affect. Our findings guide managers on how to choose dress colors to increase the beneficial effects of positive emotion displays.
Effects of severe obesity and sleeve gastrectomy on cortical thickness in adolescents
Authors: Rajan Laya , McKay Cameron C. , Santos Malavé Gabriel , Pearce Alaina L. , Cherry J. Bradley C. , Mackey Eleanor , Nadler Evan P. , Vaidya Chandan J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveNeurocognitive differences in pediatric obesity may be underpinned by cortical structural alterations. Differences in cortical thickness associated with severe obesity were examined, and preliminary evidence was sought for changes following vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG).MethodsA total of 18 adolescents with severe obesity (OB) and 17 without obesity (nOB), aged 14 to 21, underwent T1‐weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging. A subset was scanned twice 5 months apart to compare cortical thickness following VSG (n = 6) with two control groups: wait‐listed (n = 9) and nOB (n = 12).ResultsAt baseline, OB had a thinner cortex than nOB in motor and superior parietal cortices. At follow‐up, VSG adolescents lost weight, the wait‐listed group gained weight, and nOB did not change. Group × Time interactions indicated that VSG had cortical thinning in orbitofrontal, primary sensorimotor, superior, and middle temporal cortices and thickening in lingual, fusiform, and lateral occipital cortices. Wait‐listed and nOB groups largely did not change.ConclusionsSevere obesity is associated with a thinner cortex in motor and attentional function‐associated regions. VSG resulted in cortical thinning in reward valuation, sensory, and perceptual regions and thickening in visual regions. Surgery‐related changes in regions distinct from those associated with obesity suggest compensation, rather than normalization. These results provide preliminary evidence supporting structural neural alterations following sleeve gastrectomy.
Optimal control of friction coefficient in Signorini contact problems
Authors: Essoufi El‐Hassan , Zafrar Abderrahim 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe optimal control of friction coefficient in Signorini contact problem is handled. First, we give the Tikhonov regularized optimal control problem subject to quasivariational inequality of the second kind. Since the relation control‐state is weak, we introduce another penalized control problem based algorithm of Bensoussan–Lions type applied to the quasi‐variational inequality. In order to get the optimality condition, and since the cost function is not differentiable, the quasi‐variational inequality is regularized to be a variational equality.
Treatment of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Cambodia
Authors: Küpfer Laura , Meng Bun , Laurent Denis , Zimmermann Martin , Niggli Felix , Bourquin Jean‐Pierre , Malene Iv 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe report a retrospective analysis of 110 unselected pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treated during 2015–2017 in a charity‐funded public institution in Cambodia with a reduced intensity ALL‐Moscow Berlin (MB)‐91 protocol. No patient abandoned treatment. Sixty‐three patients (57%) were high risk (HR). Seventy‐two patients (65.5%) reached complete remission (CR) on day 36. The 3‐year event‐free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) was 34.9% (50.5% for standard risk [SR]). Most deaths resulted from infections (40 [53.3%]) and bleeding (15 [20%]). With further selective reduction of treatment intensity and access to platelet infusion, leukemia therapy is justified in this setting.
A case study on accelerated light‐ and elevated temperature‐induced degradation testing of commercial multi‐crystalline silicon passivated emitter and rear cell modules
Authors: Ciesla Alison , Kim Moonyong , Wright Matthew , Zafirovska Iskra , Chen Daniel , Hallam Brett , Chan Catherine 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLight‐ and elevated temperature‐induced degradation (LeTID) can have significant and long‐lasting effects on silicon photovoltaic modules. Its behaviour is complex, showing highly variable degradation under different conditions or due to minor changes in device fabrication. Here, we show the large difference in LeTID kinetics and extents in multi‐crystalline passivated emitter and rear cell (multi‐PERC) modules from four different manufacturers. Varied accelerated testing conditions are found to impact the maximum extent of degradation in different ways for different manufacturers complicating the ability to develop a universal predictive model for field degradation. Relative changes in the open‐circuit voltage (VOC) have previously been used to assess extents of LeTID; however, due to the greater impact of the defect at lower injection, the VOC is shown to degrade less than half as much as the voltage at maximum power point (VMPP). The MPP current (IMPP) and fill factor (FF) also degrade significantly, having an even larger overall impact on the power output. These observations imply that currently employed methodologies for testing LeTID are inadequate, which limits the reliability of future predictive models. In light of this, the field must develop a more holistic approach to analysing LeTID‐impacted modules, which incorporates information about changes under MPP conditions. This will allow for a much clearer understanding of LeTID in the field, which will assist the performance of future PV systems.
Hydrogenation of poly(myrcene) and poly(farnesene) using diimide reduction at ambient pressure
Authors: Luk Sharmaine B. , Métafiot Adrien , Morize Judith , Edeh Emmanuel , Marić Milan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAmbient pressure chemical hydrogenation using p‐toluene sulfonyl hydrazide (TSH) via thermal diimide formation (N2H2) permitted reduction of double bonds of poly(myrcene) (poly[Myr]) and poly(farnesene) (poly[Far]). Both pendent and backbone double bonds in poly(Myr) (Mn = 56 kg/mol) and poly(Far) (Mn = 62 kg/mol) synthesized by conventional free radical polymerization were hydrogenated to almost completion. Furthermore, TSH semi‐batch addition efficiently hydrogenated double bonds, while avoiding undesired autohydrogenation of diimides that occurred in batch mode. Thermal stability improved for hydrogenated poly(Myr) and poly(Far), where temperature at 10% weight loss (T10%) increased from 188 to 404°C for poly(Myr) and from 310 to 379°C for poly(Far). Tgs of poly(Myr) and poly(Far) also increased by about 10–25°C, indicating increased stiffness after hydrogenation. Finally, viscosities of poly(Myr) and poly(Far) were also increased after hydrogenation, and a greater increase was observed for poly(Myr) (by two orders of magnitude from 102 to 104 Pa s) due to its Mn being much higher than its entanglement molecular weight. Poly(Far) viscosity only increased by 1.5 times after hydrogenation (~104 Pa s), comparable to the poly(Myr) after hydrogenation, suggesting unsaturated poly(Far) was more entangled than unsaturated poly(Myr) because of its longer side chains.
Synthesis and Characterization of New Imidazolium Ionic Liquid Based Energetic Plasticizers
Authors: Miri Adel , Fareghi‐Alamdari Reza , Nikpour Mohsen , Hasanzadeh Neda 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn the present research, two new ionic liquids (ILs) with imidazolium cation and dicyanamide anion were synthesized for their plasticizing capacity in solid propellants. The structure of plasticizers was confirmed by FT‐IR, 13C‐NMR and 1H‐NMR spectrum and their thermal behaviors were studied by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results of the thermal analysis showed that the thermal stabilities of these ILs are suitable and the phase change curves of ILs were consistent with their weight reduction changes by increasing temperature. Moreover, the low viscosities and high densities obtained from the ILs show that these compounds could be convenient alternatives for polymeric plasticizers in propellant compositions. To understand the plasticizing effect of synthesized IL plasticizers on glycidyl azide polymer (GAP), blends of 20 % of the synthesized IL plasticizers were prepared and analysed to determine glass transition temperature and viscosity. Among all plasticizers, [Vin‐IL] [N(CN)2]‐GAP and [Me‐IL][N(CN)2]‐GAP blends produced the lowest Tg. The results of viscosity analysis show that all synthesized IL plasticizers have reduced the viscosity of the GAP binder, which indicates the plasticizing properties of ILs.
Does increased migration affect the rural–urban divide in suicide? A register‐based repeated cohort study in Sweden from 1991 to 2015
Authors: Kanamori Mariko , Kondo Naoki , Juárez Sol P. , Cederström Agneta , Stickley Andrew , Rostila Mikael 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSome countries have high suicide rates in rural areas with a potentially stronger impact of rural context on foreign‐born residents. In Sweden, where immigration has been increasing, dispersion policies have directed refugees/migrants to settle in rural areas. We examined whether trends in suicide mortality vary by nativity and rurality. A repeated cohort study was designed using Swedish national register data between 1991 and 2015. Our three‐level analysis found that male suicide rates in rural areas were 1.2 times higher than in urban areas, with the rate decreasing over time in both urban and rural areas. We observed fluctuations in suicide mortality among foreign‐born men residing in small rural communities, with high suicide rates in the 2000s. The proportion of unemployed was linked to the excess rate of suicide in rural municipalities. Dispersion policies moving migrants to rural areas should take into account the regional characteristics both within municipalities (e.g., income distribution) and between municipalities (e.g., labour market characteristics).
Assessing the impact of organic versus conventional agricultural management on soil hydraulic properties in a long‐term experiment
Authors: Alfahham Abdelrahman , Amato Matthew T. , Omondi Emmanuel , Giménez Daniel , Plante Alain F. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractInvestigating the effects of various agricultural management systems on soil hydraulic properties in long‐term field experiments allows farmers to evaluate their efficacy in mitigating the effects of droughts and floods, which are expected to intensify in the coming decades. This study's main objective was to quantify soil structural and hydraulic properties in plots under organic manure, organic leguminous, and conventional agricultural management and related tillage practices at Rodale Institute's Farming Systems Trial. Soil cores were collected at depths of 0–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm and analyzed for soil water retention, saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat), soil organic C (SOC), bulk density, and particle size distribution. Management practices had a measurable effect on SOC and bulk density, but not on Ksat, the parameters of the soil water retention model (rm and σ), or the calculated indicator water content values: field capacity (θfc), wilting point (θwp), plant available water (θpaw), and air capacity (θAirCap). Tillage practices (no‐tillage vs. tillage) had a measurable effect on SOC, bulk density and θAirCap, but not on Ksat, θfc, θwp, or θpaw. Significant differences by depth were observed for θfc, θwp, θpaw, θAirCap, SOC, and bulk density, but not for Ksat. Our results suggest that relatively minor differences between management practices may be insufficient for generating quantifiable differences in soil structure, and more substantial changes to management practices will be necessary to achieve the outcomes for developing climate‐resilient agricultural soils.
Octupolar Acrylonitrile‐Bridged 2D‐Conjugated Polymers Enable Bright Far‐Red Emission with Intense Two‐Photon Absorption via Alkoxylation Chemistry
Authors: Mo Chunshao , Yang Meijia , Cheng Zhixue , Tang Xikang , Yang Lifen , Su Ruonan , Li Jing , Feng Jiangshan , Fang Long , Yang Kexin , Chen Zhuanggui , Yu Dingshan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHerein, alkoxylation chemistry is introduced as a “one‐stone‐three‐birds” solution for exploring a new family of highly‐fluorescent octupolar 2D‐conjugated organic polymers/frameworks (OCOPs/OCOFs) combining far‐red emission, high fluorescence quantum yield (QY), and strong two‐photon absorption (TPA). Both alkoxy‐substituted OCOP and OCOF comprising acrylonitrile‐bridged strongly‐coupled donor3‐(acceptor core) chromophores densely packed in either disordered or ordered forms, exhibit significantly redshifted emission. They produce high QY of 22.2% and 27.8% in tetrahydrofuran, large TPA cross section of 600 and 1124 GM, and 2–3 folds and 15–30 folds that of non‐alkoxylate amorphous counterpart respectively. Combined theoretical and experimental studies reveal unique “one‐stone‐three‐birds” role of the alkoxylation in realizing red‐shifted‐emission, improved QY and TPA enabled by inducing steric hindrance effect for weakened π–π stacking, and triggering p–π conjugation effect for electronically engineering octupolar chromophores, while the crystalline engineering enables enforced coplanarity conformation and improved π–electron delocalization for further improved QY and TPA. The robust and biocompatible pentoxy‐substituted polymer can be used not only as metal‐free red‐emissive phosphor for efficient warm white light‐emitting diodes, but also as efficient two‐photon fluorescence probes for bio‐imaging.
Parametric design of steel structures
Authors: Ajouz Rayaan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBy using parametric modelling tools, designers can simulate a high number of design‐variants with relatively low effort. Visual programming software's like Grasshopper significantly lowers the threshold for beginners to start building parametric models. This paper discusses how using Grasshopper as a parametric design tool can be applied by structural engineers to improve well‐informed decision making, when designing a steel structure. Finally, worth mentioning further possibilities parametric design workflows can bring are discussed such as optimisation strategies, optimising sustainability and including structural connections in the parametric model.
Modification of polyacrylate resin to prepare water‐soluble poly‐epoxy‐acrylate resin for its application as an automotive oil filter paper binder
Authors: Xie Zijie , Liu Chao , Xu Guilong , Hu Jian 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this work, poly‐epoxy‐acrylate (PEA) resin was prepared by modifying polyacrylate resin with epoxy resin through a simple solution polymerization method. The prepared PEA resin was then neutralized by alkaline treatment to obtain excellent water solubility and used as an ecofriendly binder for automotive oil filter paper. The effect of alkaline neutralization degree on the water solubility of the PEA resin was studied. Also, the influence of epoxy content on the grafting degree of PEA resin was tested. The mechanical strength and oil resistance properties of oil filter paper strengthened by the prepared PEA resin were compared to other commercial binders. The microstructure and pore size of the oil filter paper were observed by scanning electron microscope and tested by capillary flow porometer (PMI), respectively. The results show that the prepared PEA resin can greatly enhance the mechanical and oil resistance properties of the oil filter paper while maintaining its filtration properties. The prepared PEA resin has the potential to be used as an ecofriendly water‐based binder for automotive oil filter paper.