bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intelligent recognition system for viewpoint variations on gait and speech using CNN-CapsNet
Authors: Merlin Linda G. , Sree Rathna Lakshmi N.V.S. , Murugan N. Senthil , Mahapatra Rajendra Prasad , Muthukumaran V. , Sivaram M. 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThe paper aims to introduce an intelligent recognition system for viewpoint variations of gait and speech. It proposes a convolutional neural network-based capsule network (CNN-CapsNet) model and outlining the performance of the system in recognition of gait and speech variations. The proposed intelligent system mainly focuses on relative spatial hierarchies between gait features in the entities of the image due to translational invariances in sub-sampling and speech variations.Design/methodology/approachThis proposed work CNN-CapsNet is mainly used for automatic learning of feature representations based on CNN and used capsule vectors as neurons to encode all the spatial information of an image by adapting equal variances to change in viewpoint. The proposed study will resolve the discrepancies caused by cofactors and gait recognition between opinions based on a model of CNN-CapsNet.FindingsThis research work provides recognition of signal, biometric-based gait recognition and sound/speech analysis. Empirical evaluations are conducted on three aspects of scenarios, namely fixed-view, cross-view and multi-view conditions. The main parameters for recognition of gait are speed, change in clothes, subjects walking with carrying object and intensity of light.Research limitations/implicationsThe proposed CNN-CapsNet has some limitations when considering for detecting the walking targets from surveillance videos considering multimodal fusion approaches using hardware sensor devices. It can also act as a pre-requisite tool to analyze, identify, detect and verify the malware practices.Practical implicationsThis research work includes for detecting the walking targets from surveillance videos considering multimodal fusion approaches using hardware sensor devices. It can also act as a pre-requisite tool to analyze, identify, detect and verify the malware practices.Originality/valueThis proposed research work proves to be performing better for the recognition of gait and speech when compared with other techniques.
Money laundering and financial stability: does adverse publicity matter?
Authors: Basaran-Brooks Bahriye 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
Already suffering reputational damage from the global financial crisis, banks face a further loss of trust due to their poor money laundering (ML) compliance practices. As confidence-driven institutions, the loss of reputation stemming from inadequate compliance with regulations and policies labels banks as facilitators of crime and destroys public trust both in the bank itself, peer banks and the wider banking system. Considering the links between financial stability and adverse publicity about banks, this paper aims to critically examine the implications of ML-specific bank information on financial stability.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper adopts a content analysis and a theoretical discussion by critically evaluating the role of bank compliance information on stability with references to recent case studies.

Findings
This paper establishes that availability of information regarding a bank involved in or facilitating ML might pose a threat to financial stability if bank counterparties cut their ties with the bank in question and when bank stakeholders show a strong and sudden negative reaction to adverse publicity. Though recent ML scandals have not caused immediate instability, general loss of confidence associated with reputational risk have had a destabilising effect on affected banks’ capital and liquidity.

Originality/value
There has been surprisingly little discussion to date on the impact of publicly available bank information on financial stability and public confidence within the ML compliance framework. This paper approaches the issue of publicly available banking compliance information solely through the prism of public confidence and reputational risk and its impact on macro-stability by examining recent ML scandals.
The determinants of corporate FX speculation – Why firms increase risk
Authors: Hecht Andreas 
Published: November 2021

PurposeEmpirical evidence on the determinants of corporate FX speculation is ambiguous. We note that the conflicting findings of prior studies could be the result of different methodologies in determining speculation. Using a novel approach to defining speculative activities, we seek to help solve the puzzle of the determinants of speculation and examine which firms engage in such activities and why they do so.Design/methodology/approachThis paper examines an unexplored regulatory environment that contains publicly reported FX risk data on the firms' exposures before and after hedging per year and currency. This unprecedented data granularity allows us to use actual reported volumes instead of proxy variables in defining speculation and to examine whether the convexity theories are empirically supported in FX risk management.FindingsWe find that frequent speculators are smaller, have more growth opportunities and possess lower internal resources, which indicates unprecedented empirical evidence for the convexity theories in FX risk management. Further, we provide evidence that corporate speculation might be linked to the application of hedge accounting.Practical implicationsWe help solve the questions of which and why firms engage in speculative activities. This can provide valuable information to various stakeholders such as financial analysts, investors, or regulators, which can help prevent imperiling corporate losses and curb excessive speculative financial activities.Originality/valueIn order to question the unresolved issue of the determinants of speculation, this paper is the first to use openly available accounting data with actual reported FX exposure information before and after hedging in defining speculation, instead of relying on proxy variables for FX exposure and derivative usage with potential estimation errors.
Kahoot! Predicts exam scores and promotes student engagement
Authors: Figuccio Michael Joseph , Johnston Marla 
Published: November 2021

PurposeKahoot! is a free e-learning tool that employs game-based learning which is often considered a best practice in education. The aim of the current study is to assess the effectiveness of Kahoot! in a child development course.Design/methodology/approachSections of child development were randomized in terms of review format prior to exams one and two. All sections had a Kahoot! review prior to the final exam. Regression analyses were employed to determine the optimal set of predictors of exam scores. Students also completed a survey assessing their opinions of Kahoot! reviews.FindingsKahoot! scores accounted for 31.3% of the variability in exam 1 scores, 11.1% of the variability in exam 2 scores and 19.9% of the variability in final exam scores. Students reported that Kahoot! made class more interactive and that Kahoot! helped their learning of course concepts. These findings indicate that Kahoot! is an effective review tool. Furthermore, students reported that the use of Kahoot! was a positive experience that added to their understanding of the topics taught in the child development classroom.Practical implicationsTo foster student engagement, instructors should consider incorporating game-based learning in their courses.Originality/valueThis study demonstrates that Kahoot! is an effective review tool in a sample of undergraduate students. Furthermore, this study indicates that Kahoot! promotes student engagement.
The impact of stakeholder market orientation on sustainability performance at tourism destinations
Authors: Tsetse Ernest Kafui Kwasi , Mahmoud Mahmoud Abdulai , Blankson Charles , Odoom Raphael 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to establish the relationship between stakeholder market orientation (StMO) and sustainability performance (SP) at tourism destinations (TDs).

Design/methodology/approach
Using a quantitative survey, data was collected from 313 tourism business managers, who are the owners or managers of the tourism businesses at the TDs, and was analysed using the partial least square structural equation model.

Findings
Findings indicate that environmental performance is the highest sustainability management practice adhered to at the TDs. Also, community and visitor orientations predicted SP most, with all its hypotheses supported.

Research limitations/implications
This study focuses on the impact of StMO dimensions on SP within the TDs, thereby limiting generalisation to other sectors.

Practical implications
Tourism marketing managers are given the knowledge that StMO strategy is a precondition for effective implementation and adoption of SP strategy.

Social implications
The results have key social implications, in that a sustainability marketing strategy that will assist in the increase acceptance of sustainability programs within the tourism sector has been noted.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is believed to be the first empirical study to test the relationship between StMO dimensions and three SP dimensions. This study will improve the sustainability management of tourism resources in Ghana. It will further aid in meeting some of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.
“Acting ethically is down to you” applying ethical protocols in qualitative fieldwork in care homes
Authors: Backhouse Tamara , Daly Rachel Louise 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
Research ethics committees (RECs) and ethical standards govern research. To conduct research involving participants, researchers must first gain a favourable opinion on their protocol from a REC. This paper aims to promote researcher reflexivity and openness about applying agreed ethical protocols in practice.

Design/methodology/approach
Using examples from qualitative fieldwork in two care home studies, the authors critically reflect on the issues encountered when applying ethics committee agreed protocols in real-world situations.

Findings
Three areas of research practice are reflected on given as follows: recruitment and consent; approach to observations; and research processes, shared spaces and access to data. The interface between researcher and participant did not always mirror textbook scenarios. Ultimately, this left researchers accountable for taking ethically acceptable actions while conducting research.

Originality/value
Drawing on research experiences in care homes, the authors consider the reliance on the researcher to be authentic and morally driven over and above formal ethical approvals. The authors conclude that the researcher is the bridging agent between ethical protocols and ethical practice in the field. As such, researchers need to be open and reflexive about their practices in fieldwork.
Therapeutic properties of glass‐ionomer cements: Their application to orthodontic treatment
Authors: Fricker JP 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFluoride has been shown to be an effective agent in the prevention of caries during orthodontic treatment. Resin‐modified glass‐ionomer cements possess therapeutic anticariogenic properties acting as a fluoride reservoir and releasing fluoride into the environment, particularly at low pH where there is a threat of enamel demineralisation and white spot lesions (WSL’s). Patient compliance to instructions in standard oral hygiene measures limits the success of caries prevention and the routine use of glass‐ionomer cements can mitigate the lack of compliance, although RMGIC’s are not a panacea against WSL’s. The adhesion of GIC’s to the enamel surface is a physicochemical bond rather than a mechanical bond which reduces the risk of iatrogenic damage to the enamel when bonding and debonding attachments. RMGIC’s can be recommended as a bonding adhesive for all attachments but one needs to be selective when bonding molar attachments to avoid occlusal interferences as masticatory forces can be high in these areas.
Scurvy: the almost forgotten disease – a case report
Authors: Manzie T , Celine G , Kakulas E 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHypovitaminosis C, or scurvy, is thought to be an uncommon condition. Although prevalent in the 19th century, its ease of absorption and availability in a general diet has greatly reduced its incidence. Vitamin C is necessary for a number of physiological processes and deficiency can result in a number of complications including bleeding/bruising, anaemia and gingival hyperplasia. This case report demonstrates a case of hypovitaminosis C presenting to a tertiary hospital related to poor dietary intake in a patient with behavioural medical conditions. Treatment consisted of oral supplementation of vitamin C with almost immediate resolution of presenting symptoms.
Provision of long‐acting reversible contraception at surgical abortion—A cross‐sectional nationwide register study
Authors: Hogmark Sara , Envall Niklas , Wikman Anna , Skoglund Charlotte , Kopp Kallner Helena , Hesselman Susanne 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionProvision of long‐acting reversible contraception (LARC) at surgical abortion is safe, practical, and leads to higher user rates than does delayed provision. The aim of this study was to explore whether provision of LARC at surgical abortion is associated with known risk factors for subsequent abortions and inconsistent use of contraception, including sociodemographic factors and psychiatric disorders.Material and MethodsThis was a register‐based cross‐sectional study of 6251 women having a surgical abortion in Sweden. Data were collected from National health and population registers. Women with procedure codes for surgical abortion were identified in the National Patient Register from October 2016 to December 2018. Information from Statistics Sweden, the National Patient Register, and the Swedish prescribed drug register on sociodemographic factors, psychiatric disorders, and dispensed LARC was added and linked on an individual level. Associations of sociodemographic factors and psychiatric disorders with LARC provision were explored with generalized logit mixed models and presented as crude and adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsThe overall rate of LARC provision at the time of the abortion was 2515/6251 (40.2%). Younger age and lower level of education were associated with an increased likelihood of LARC provision. In the study population, 2624/6251 (42.0%) patients had a pre‐ or post‐abortion psychiatric disorder, a factor associated with an increased likelihood of LARC provision compared with women with no such disorders (adjusted odds ratio 1.21; 95% CI 1.08–1.34). The highest rates and odds were seen among women with personality, substance use, and/or neurodevelopmental disorders and among women with multiple psychiatric disorders.ConclusionsSociodemographic risk factors and psychiatric disorders were associated with increased LARC provision at surgical abortion, indicating that women at high risk of unwanted pregnancies are provided with effective contraception. Still, less than half of all women undergoing surgical abortion were provided with LARC, suggesting that contraceptive access and counseling prior to a surgical abortion can be improved.
Effect of inter‐annual meteorological fluctuations and wild boar disturbance on the vegetation of Mediterranean temporary ponds
Authors: Caria Maria Carmela , Grillas Patrick , Rivieccio Giovanni , Bagella Simonetta 
Published: November 2021

AbstractQuestionsWhich are the effects of inter‐annual meteorological fluctuations on plant species richness and vegetation dynamics in Mediterranean temporary ponds, shallow wetlands characterized by alternating phases of drought and flooding? Which are the effects of wild boar disturbance? How do the responses of specialist or non‐specialist species of the habitat differ?LocationNW Sardinia Island (Italy).MethodsWe assessed plant cover during six years within one 60 cm × 60 cm quadrat in each of five areas. To measure the effect of inter‐annual meteorological fluctuations on vegetation, we used two indices: the evapotranspiration and the synthetic agrometeorological indicator. To quantify the effect of disturbance by boars, we compared two treatments: disturbed and non‐disturbed (located outside and inside 1.5 m × 1.5 m exclosures respectively). As a whole, we monitored 60 plots (6 years × 2 treatments × 5 replications). We analyzed data using ANOVA, PERMANOVA and BIO‐ENV.ResultsPlant species richness and composition showed significant differences between years and treatments. Species composition was correlated with the evapotranspiration before the vegetative peak during the last period and with the agrometeorological indicator during the whole vegetative period. Specialist species showed much weaker growth, quantified as cover, in the drier years. Starting from the third survey year, plant richness and cover of specialist species were significantly higher in disturbed than in not‐disturbed plots. The extent of bare soil generally was not affected by the treatment.ConclusionsMeteorological fluctuations affect plant species composition and vegetation dynamics in Mediterranean temporary ponds. The sensitivity of specialist species could make them particularly vulnerable to climate change. Nevertheless, they are resilient to unpredictable disturbances such as burrowing by wild boar. However, our results concerning the positive impact of wild boar disturbance on the vegetation cannot be generalized. Elsewhere, the lack of hunting activity could also be a problem for these habitats.
Gender‐specific associations between the dimensions of alexithymia personality trait and dental anxiety in parents of the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study
Authors: Karukivi Max , Suominen Auli , Scheinin Noora M. , Li Ru , Ahrnberg Hanna , Rantavuori Kari , Karlsson Hasse , Karlsson Linnea , Lahti Satu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe evaluated gender‐specific associations of two dimensions of dental anxiety (anticipatory and treatment‐related dental anxiety) with three dimensions of alexithymia: difficulty in identifying feelings, difficulty in describing feelings, and externally oriented thinking. The sample comprised 2558 parents from the general population participating in the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study. Dental anxiety was measured with the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale and alexithymia with the 20‐item Toronto Alexithymia Scale. Associations between dental anxiety and alexithymia dimensions were modelled using linear regression analysis adjusting for general anxiety and depressive symptoms, age, and education. Structural equation modeling assessed their interrelationships. In women, anticipatory dental anxiety was associated only with difficulty in identifying feelings, but treatment‐related dental anxiety was associated with difficulty in identifying feelings, difficulty in describing feelings, and externally oriented thinking. In men, anticipatory dental anxiety was associated with only externally oriented thinking, whereas treatment‐related dental anxiety was associated with difficulty in describing feelings, and with externally oriented thinking. Structural equation modelling showed that difficulty in identifying feelings was associated with anticipatory and treatment‐related dental anxiety in women, whereas in men, only difficulty in describing feelings was associated with both types of dental anxiety. Anticipatory and treatment‐related dental anxiety have different associations with alexithymia dimensions.
How much energetic trade‐offs limit selection? Insights from livestock and related laboratory model species
Authors: Douhard Frédéric , Douhard Mathieu , Gilbert Hélène , Monget Philippe , Gaillard Jean‐Michel , Lemaître Jean‐François 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTrade‐offs between life history traits are expected to occur due to the limited amount of resources that organisms can obtain and share among biological functions, but are of least concern for selection responses in nutrient‐rich or benign environments. In domestic animals, selection limits have not yet been reached despite strong selection for higher meat, milk or egg yields. Yet, negative genetic correlations between productivity traits and health or fertility traits have often been reported, supporting the view that trade‐offs do occur in the context of nonlimiting resources. The importance of allocation mechanisms in limiting genetic changes can thus be questioned when animals are mostly constrained by their time to acquire and process energy rather than by feed availability. Selection for high productivity traits early in life should promote a fast metabolism with less energy allocated to self‐maintenance (contributing to soma preservation and repair). Consequently, the capacity to breed shortly after an intensive period of production or to remain healthy should be compromised. We assessed those predictions in mammalian and avian livestock and related laboratory model species. First, we surveyed studies that compared energy allocation to maintenance between breeds or lines of contrasting productivity but found little support for the occurrence of an energy allocation trade‐off. Second, selection experiments for lower feed intake per unit of product (i.e. higher feed efficiency) generally resulted in reduced allocation to maintenance, but this did not entail fitness costs in terms of survival or future reproduction. These findings indicate that the consequences of a particular selection in domestic animals are much more difficult to predict than one could anticipate from the energy allocation framework alone. Future developments to predict the contribution of time constraints and trade‐offs to selection limits will be insightful to breed livestock in increasingly challenging environments.
Feeling redundancy
Authors: Simpson Paul 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRedundant. Adjective meaning: no longer needed or useful; superfluous; no longer in employment due to no more work available; able to be omitted without loss of meaning or function; not strictly necessary to functioning of system/other components. Redundancy, and being at risk of being made redundant, is an increasingly felt circumstance in contemporary higher education. As the impacts of a range of neoliberal educational reforms unfold against a backdrop of demographic change and significant economic uncertainty (both pandemic‐driven and otherwise), universities have recently resorted to both voluntary and compulsory redundancy to manage a university model based on a competitive and fluctuating student market. This commentary reflects on the collective feelings that circulated around being put “at risk” of redundancy and subsequent encounters with others’ unfolding (potential and actual) redundancy. In doing so, attention is turned to the spaces‐times in which redundancy and the “consultations” over it played out – meeting and teaching rooms, offices, corridors, graduation ceremonies, kitchens, cafes, among others – and the varied collective feelings that circulated/coexisted in and through them. At a time when such processes are unfolding across the sector, this commentary seeks to open up a space for reflection on what many would rather not consider: the disturbing circumstances of feeling redundancy.