bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socioeconomic Factors Influencing Knowledge and Consumption of Food Plants By a Human Group in a Mountainous Environment in The Semi-Arid Region of Bahia, Northeast Brazil.
Authors: Souza Luciana Vitor da Silva , Marques Juracy , Campos Letícia Zenóbia de Oliveira , Neto Ernani Machado de Freitas Lins 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: The relationship of people with natural resources is guided by different socio-cultural, ecological and evolutionary factors. Regarding food plants, it is not different. Studies around the world have evaluated the effects of socioeconomic factors, such as age, gender, income, profession, education level, time of residence, ethnic diversity, religion, festive rituals, access to urban areas and migrations. In this sense, the objective of the present study was characterize the diversity of knowledge and use of food plants by people from Serra dos Morgados and evaluate if the socioeconomic factors influence knowledge and consumption of food plants in the community. Methodology: This research was conducted in the village of Serra dos Morgados, municipality of Jaguarari, Bahia, with the purpose of evaluating the factors that influence in the knowledge and use of food plants. Socioeconomic data such as age, gender, time of residence, and monthly income were collected. The free list technique was applied during the collection of ethnobotanical data in order to analyze the preference of the plants based on the salience index (SI). To analyze the factors that influence knowledge and use forms, we used GLM Lasso. Results: A total of 33 people were interviewed, 8 men and 25 women, their age ranged from 30 to 82 years. People cited 93 ethnospecies of plants, of these 41 species of spontaneous occurrence. The plant with the highest salience index (SI) was cheirosa (Psidium ganevii) (SI = 0.5679), followed by massaranduba (Manilkara sp.) (SI = 0.4323); araça (Psidium sp.) (SI = 0.3320); cambuí (Myrcia sp.) (SI = 0.3144). Conclusions: The main factors that influence knowledge and use forms in the locality, were family income and the collection site, with homegardens cited as the preferred area for collection of food plants. This study provided an overview related to potentially important species for a community located in a region where there are few ethnobiological studies. The results presented here can be used in future studies, providing clues for investigations. the ethnoculinary and nutritional aspects of food plants. Also, there is a contributes to the conservation of biocultural aspects related to the use of food plants in a community living in mountainous regions
Formalisms for Enterprise Application Integration (EAI): A Survey of Methodologies
Authors: Kotha Siva Sankara Rao , V Gopal T 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Over the years, the number of applications supporting enterprise business pro- cesses has increased. The challenge of integrating diverse systems is one of the many rea- sons why many organizations fail to achieve greater automation. To overcome this obstacle, they are turning to Enterprise Application Integration (EAI). Enterprise Application Integra- tion is a process that enables the integration of different applications. This allows the users to easily modify the functionality, share the information among the various applications and reusing the methods. The paper presents a formal method that includes the various levels of EAI. It highlights the various formal methods that can be used to achieve EAI’s seamless interoperation. It also supports the concurrent and dynamic system. This paper also proposes a new architecture for EAI that will help them achieve their goals. There are many formal methods for programming languages in software engineering, but most of them are not ad- equate for the development of complex systems. The author proposes a new methodology based on Petri net which is a graphical representation of semantics.
High Frequency of CTNNB1 Mutation in Low Grade Fetal Adenocarcinoma of the Lung: Two Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Yanagawa Naoki , Uesugi Noriyuki , Nishiya Masao , Sugimoto Ryo , Osakabe Mitsumasa , Maemondo Makoto , Saitoh Hajime , Sugai Tamotsu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

Low-grade fetal adenocarcinoma of the lung (L-FLAC) is a rare pulmonary tumor resembling fetal lung histologically. Due to its rarity, there is limited information about L-FLAC pathogenesis and biological characteristics. Here, we describe two cases of L-FLAC treated at our hospital and summarize L-FLAC cases reported in the literature.
Case presentation:

We examined one woman and one man who were 30-years-old and 67-years-old, respectively. Histologically, tumor tissue from both cases had a complex glandular component with clear cuboidal and columnar cells that resembled histological features of fetal lung. In some areas, squamous morules were prominent. Immunohistochemically, nuclear/cytoplasmic expression of β-catenin was detected in both cases. Mutation analysis revealed a CTNNB1 mutation in both cases and a DICER1 mutation in 1 case. No mutations in EGFR, BRAF, KRAS, PIK3CA mutation were found.
Conclusions

L-FLAC showed a high frequency of CTNNB1 mutation and low frequency of EGFR, KRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA mutation in our examined cases and in previous studies. This rare tumor has unique clinicopathological characteristics with specific genetic aberrations involving the Wnt pathway. These results provide a molecular basis for development of new therapies to treat these tumors.
Influence of Weight-bearing Portion on Collapse Risk of Femoral Head Necrotic After Intertrochanteric Curved Varus Osteotomy: A Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Wang Yuzhu , Wang Mincong , Pan Chenglong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background The influence of the insufficient developmental shape of acetabulum on the collapse occurrence of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) was reported rarely after intertrochanteric curved varus osteotomy (CVO). The purpose of the study was to quantitatively evaluate the influence of different weight-bearing portions on collapse risk of femoral head necrosis after CVO with a finite element method.Methods Insufficient weight-bearing portion and normal weight-bearing portion hip joint finite element models of CVO (15°, 20°, 25° and 30°) for osteonecrosis of the femoral head with a lesion of 60°, dividing into three types (A, B and C1) were simulated. The Mises strain and collapse index were analyzed in terms of the lesion.ResultsThe maximum and mean Mises strain were higher in insufficient weight-bearing portion models with a positive quantitative increment of strain, especially for type C1 and B in no osteotomy situation. However, the collapse index was more than 1.0 in type C1, even after some degree of this CVO, and in type B of insufficient weight-bearing situation. ConclusionsProgressive collapse risk was increased in the insufficient weight-bearing portion situation. Thus, the decision-making of CVO for the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head should be different with insufficient weight-bearing portion of the acetabulum. We recommended that the unfavorable biomechanical shape of acetabulum should be treated before this CVO was performed when the necrotic type was more than B.
Treatment of lung recurrence after radical resection of non-small cell lung cancer: a single-center retrospective analysis using body stereotactic radiotherapy vs. reoperation
Authors: Wu Qing , Dong Baiqiang , Jin Jianan , Hang Qingqing , Liu Xiaohui , Xu Yujin , ming Chen 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose

After radical surgery for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, 3-10% of patients have recurrent lung lesions. For these patients, stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) and recurrence surgery are optional treatments. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of SBRT and surgery in treating lung recurrence after radical NSCLC.
Methods

A retrospective analysis of NSCLC patients who had undergone radical surgery at the Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital) from November 2012 to December 2018 and had received SBRT or reoperation because of postoperative lung recurrence was performed. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to calculate the survival rates, and the log-rank test was used to compare groups. Cox regression was used for univariate and multivariate analysis.
Results

Among 62 eligible patients, 33 received SBRT and 29 received reoperation. The median follow-up times of the two patient groups were 45.8 months and 37.4 months. The 3-year locoregional control rate (LRCR) of SBRT and surgical patients was 79.8% vs. 90.2% (P=0.936); progression-free survival (PFS) was 58.5% vs. 42.3% (P=0.072); and overall survival (OS) was 78.0% vs. 85.5% (P=0.714). Multivariate analysis suggested that the treatment method and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) were independent prognostic factors for PFS (P=0.033 and P=0.001, respectively).
Conclusion

For patients with lung recurrence after radical NSCLC, no significant difference exists in the efficacy of SBRT and surgery.
Iatrogenic Pulmonary Artery Perforation
Authors: Hong Jihoon , Lee Sang Yub , Cha Jung Guen , Lee Jaehee , Kim Donghyeon 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Vascular plugs have been increasingly used for lower recanalization compared with coil embolization in pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) embolization. To deliver the vascular plug close to the PAVM, a large-diameter delivery catheter should be advanced into the feeding pulmonary artery. However, the pulmonary artery has a complex branching pattern and the risk of injury increases when a larger catheter is used in negotiating the PAVM feeder.Case Presentation: We describe a patient who developed pulmonary artery perforation during the selection of the distal feeding artery with a 5-Fr catheter in PAVM embolization. We immediately treated the PAVM and life-threatening complication by using a type IV vascular plug and coil embolization in a single session.Conclusion: To prevent catheter-related complications during PAVM embolization, a smaller diameter delivery system should be used for small, tortuous feeding arteries, and use of a soft, tip-angled catheter for vascular plug delivery should be considered.
Modification of Activated Carbon (Prepared From Flaxseed) With Fe3O4, Its Application As Adsorbent And Antibacterial
Authors: Fekri M. H. , Mohamareh S. Isanejad , Hosseini M. , Mehr M. Razavi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this work, magnetic activated carbon (MGAC) was investigated to remove the antibiotic cefazolin from aqueous solutions as well as its antibacterial properties. To determine the optimal process conditions and achieve maximum efficiency, the effect of temperature, contact time, initial concentration of the drug, composite dosage, and pH using the response surface method (RSM) and the central composite design model (CCD) were investigated by DOE software. Structural characteristics and morphology of the nanocomposite were analyzed by using FTIR, XRD, EDAX, SEM, TEM, BET, TGA, VSM, analyzes. The results showed that pH = 6, the temperature of 30 ℃, contact time 150 minutes, initial concentration of drug 20 mg/l, and composite dosage 0.03 g were the best conditions for removing cefazolin from aqueous solution. In these conditions, the magnetically activated carbon was able to remove 96% of cefazolin. The Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherms were also studied and the results showed that the absorption behavior is most consistent with the Temkin isotherm. The results of thermodynamic experiments also showed that the adsorption process is exothermic and spontaneous. Finally, the antibacterial properties of the prepared nano composite on Streptococcus and Salmonella were investigated and the results showed that the prepared sample has antibacterial properties.
Stability Analysis of Fractional Order Memristor Synapse-coupled Hopfield Neural Network with Ring Structure
Authors: Eftekhari Leila , Amirian Mohammad 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A memristor is a non-linear two-terminal electrical element that incorporates memory features and nanoscale properties, enabling us to design very high-density artificial neural networks. To examine the embedded memory property, we should use mathematical frameworks like fractional calculus, which is capable of doing so. Here, we first present a fractional-order memristor synapse-coupling Hopfield neural network on two neurons and then extend the model to a neural network with a ring structure that consists of $n$ sub-network neurons. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the stability of equilibrium points are investigated, highlighting the dependency of the stability on the fractional-order value and the number of neurons. Numerical simulations and bifurcation analysis, along with Lyapunov exponents, are given in the two-neuron case that substantiates the theoretical findings, suggesting possible routes towards chaos when the fractional order of the system increases. In the $n$-neuron case also, it is revealed that the stability depends on the structure and number of sub-networks.
High Strength and Fatigue Resistant Welds in NiTi and Brass by Impact Welding
Authors: Li Jianxiong , Panton Boyd , Mao Yu , Vivek Anupam , Daehn Glenn 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Vaporizing foil actuator welding (VFAW) was used to create high strength and fatigue resistant dissimilar welds between NiTi and a brass alloy for the first time. VFAW uses the high pressure resulting from a vaporized aluminum foil to impact weld NiTi to brass. Advanced techniques were used to characterize the structure, mechanical and functional properties of these impact welds. The results show that NiTi/brass welds had solid-state wavy interfaces with no thermally induced defects. The adjoining area of the interfaces were strengthened compared to the base metals. Martensitic transformation temperature ranges were widened in these dissimilar impact welds. Lap shear tests show that the dissimilar NiTi impact welds exhibited a similar pseudoelastic plateau and maximum stress as the NiTi base metal. The resultant joint efficiencies were near 100 % compared to less than 50 % in traditional welding technologies. Cycling tests show that the NiTi/brass impact welds exhibited very similar pseudoelastic responses as the NiTi base metal with less than 0.5 % irrecoverable strains. Dissimilar impact welding of NiTi to brass provides stronger joining and more design flexibility compared to mechanical crimping, positioning the technology to be a solution to producing high strength actuators and sensors.
Research on Dynamic Modeling Method of Clearance Joint based on 1D-CNN
Authors: LIU Zhen , HU Sanbao , HU Junhua , XIANG Chao , FANG Zhigang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The contact force of the clearance joints in the mechanical system is strongly nonlinear, which is influenced by the amount of clearance, the material property of the parts and the contact state during movement. In some fields which need to control the dynamic response of mechanical system accurately, it is very important to predict the contact process of clearance joints and the time-frequency characteristics of contact force. In this paper, a dynamic modelling method combining neural network model and co-simulation technology is proposed, which can effectively model and simulate the mechanical system with clearance. The contact friction data set is generated based on the friction experiment of sliding bearing, and the contact collision force data set is generated based on the theoretical model of impact force. The nonlinear contact force neural network model of clearance joints is constructed by deep learning method, and transplanted to Simulink. According to the 3D model of transmission test bench, the dynamic simulation model of mechanical system is established by using ADAMS, and the fusion of neural network model and traditional dynamics model is finally realized based on Simulink/ADAMS co-simulation technology. The creativity of this method lies in the use of neural network model to describe the clearance joints and the use of ideal constraints to describe other kinematic pairs. The combination of force and constraint can not only improve the accuracy of solution, but also ensure the fast calculation speed, which provides a feasible idea for the application of deep learning method in the direction of nonlinear system dynamics modelling.
Cement-Based Solidification/Stabilization of Soil Contaminated by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Using Organophilic Clay
Authors: Heidarzadeh Nima , Jebeli M. , Gitipour S. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The solidification/stabilization (S/S) method is the most widely used to remediate all types of inorganic pollutants, which has not been developed for organic matters. In this research, the application of cement and organophilic clay (OC) was investigated for the S/S of contaminated soil by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Pyrene, Acenaphthene, Benzo[a]Pyrene, and Benz[a]Anthracene were spiked in a soil specimen. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) indicated that OC has a considerable ability to absorb PAHs in its inter-laminar molecular spaces, unlike ordinary bentonite. Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) results showed that application of OC increased PAHs' removal efficiency from contaminated soil up to 80% on average compared to the use of cement only. Samples containing 30% cement and 30% OC with a 14-day curing time had the best removal efficiency. Also, the removal efficiency of heavier PAHs was lower than the lighter ones. Additionally, unconfined compressive strength (UCS) showed a linear descending by increasing OC's proportion. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis indicated that two reasons have effectively increased the PAHs' removal efficiency of solid samples: a) increasing the amount of OC that increases the PAHs absorption capacity, b) reducing the size of pores in the matrix reduces the pollutant leaching.
Adrenal Findings in FDG-PET– Analysis of a Cohort of 1021 Patients From a Cancer Center
Authors: Maciel Joana , Cavaco Daniela , Fraga Davide , Donato Sara , Simões Helder , Sousa Rita , Simões-Pereira Joana 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The use of FDG-PET/TC for cancer staging has been leading to the increasing diagnosis of adrenal lesions, which usually represent a clinical challenge. Our aim was to characterize the adrenal lesions found in FDG-PET of patients followed in a cancer center.Methods: Retrospective analysis of all FDG-PET studies performed in our center in the last 10 years. Exams reporting adrenal lesions in the CT component and/or anomalous adrenal FDG uptake were selected. Cases were characterized regarding clinical, laboratorial, imaging and pathological findings. Results: We identified 27,427 FDG-PET studies. Of those, 7.6% evidenced adrenal findings. We included 1364 exams corresponding to 1021 patients. Only 15.6% were referred to the endocrinology department and 38% of the lesions were not studied.Malignant lesions were present in 38.9% of the studied patients: metastases in 37.5%, carcinoma in 1.2% and other malignant tumors in 0.4%. Median SUVmax of malignant lesions was significantly higher than the SUVmax of the benign findings (p<0.05). We also observed a higher median SUVmax in adrenal metastases than in adenomas (p<0.05). There was a tendency for higher SUVmax of adrenal carcinomas when comparing with other malignant lesions (p=0.066). The median SUVmax was not different between pheochromocytomas and other tumors (p>0.05). Conclusion: Occult adrenal lesions discovered during FDG-PET/CT are common in cancer context and are frequently benign. SUVmax may be a useful tool in the workup of adrenal lesions but with several important caveats.
Impact of Insecticide Treated Nets and Indoor Residual Spraying on prevalence of Malaria Among Women of reproductive age in Ghana: Implication for Malaria Control and Elimination
Authors: Alhassan Yakubu , Dwomoh Duah , Amuasi Susan Ama , Nonvignon Justice , Bonful Harriet , Tetteh Mary , Agyabeng Kofi , Kotey Martha , Yawson Alfred E. , Bosomprah Samuel 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe Global Fund alone contributed 56% of all international financing for malaria and has invested more than US$13.5 billion in malaria treatment, prevention, and control programs as of June 2021. However, there is paucity of studies assessing whether these investments in different malaria interventions (use of mosquito nets, indoor residual spraying and preventive treatment for children and pregnant women) have contributed to a reduction in malaria prevalence. This study aims to quantify the impact of household access to insecticide treated nets (ITNs) and the indoor residual spraying (IRS) on malaria prevalence among women of reproductive age in Ghana. .MethodThis study analyzed the 2016 Ghana Malaria Indicator Survey (MIS), a nationwide survey among women aged 15 to 49 years. The study employed the Poisson regression model with inverse probability to treatment weighting to determine the average treatment effect estimate of the two malaria interventions on the prevalence of malaria among women in Ghana. Results A total sample of 4,861 women interviewed from the 2016 Ghana MIS was used for the analysis. The prevalence of malaria in 2016 was 34.4% (95% CI: [32.4%, 36.4%]). Approximately 80.0% of the women lived in households with access to ITNs (Pr=79.9% , (95% CI: [78.0%, 81.7%])), 12.4% (95% CI: [7.5%, 19.8%]) of the households had access to IRS and 11.4% (95% CI: [7.0%, 18.0%]) of the households had access to both ITNs and IRS. Household access to only ITN contributed to 7.1% (95% CI: [-12.0%, -2.1%], p=0.005) reduction in the prevalence of malaria among women whilst IRS at the households contributed to 6.8% (95% CI: [-13.1%, -0.55%], p=0.033) reduction in malaria prevalence. Households with access to both ITNs and IRS contributed to a 27.1% (95% CI: [-34.9%, -19.25%]) reduction in malaria prevalence among women. ConclusionAccess to both ITNs and the application of IRS at the household level contributed to a significant reduction of malaria prevalence among women of reproductive age in Ghana. This finding confirms the call for integrating malaria control interventions to facilitate attainment of malaria elimination in Ghana.
The Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Stock Market Performance in Africa
Authors: Raifu Isiaka Akande 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This study is conducted to investigate the response of stock market returns to daily growth in COVID-19 confirmed cases and deaths in 14 African countries using both time series and panel approaches. The study employs three estimation methods, Ordinary Least Squares/Robust Ordinary Least Squares (OLS/ORLS), Pooled Ordinary Least Squares (POLS) and Panel Vector Autoregressive (PVAR). While the OLS and POLS are used to examine a conditional mean effect of COVID-19 confirmed cases and deaths on stock market returns PVAR is used to estimate and trace the response of stock market return to shocks from daily growth in COVID-19 confirmed cases and deaths. OLS results show that stock market returns react negatively and significantly to daily growth in COVID-19 confirmed cases in countries like Botswana, Kenya, Tanzania, Tunisia and Uganda while the negative effects of daily growth in COVID-19 confirmed deaths on stock market returns are negligible. Evidence from POLS reveals that the impacts of an increase in COVID-19 confirmed cases and deaths are insignificant. This is corroborated by the results of FEVD. IRF results show that stock market returns react positively to COVID-19 confirmed cases and deaths shocks before declining and returning towards normal returns in the long-run. Our findings underscore the importance of analysing individual country’s socioeconomic reaction to COVID-19 pandemic instead of pooling countries together.JEL Classification: I12, G1