bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cesium Phosphotungstate Salt Nanospheres Coated on a 3D Graphene Framework for Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Mengyao , Yang Guang , Sun Chunyu , Wu Yuchao , Jiang Xinyuan , Ni Lubin , Diao Guowang , Wei Yongge 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTraditional cathode materials for lithium‐insertion compounds, such as LiCoO2, LiMn2O4, LiNiO2, and LiFePO4, have been highly successful, but they face severe limitations in terms of energy density and production cost associated with their usage. Therefore, the design of next‐generation energy storage devices, such as molecular cluster batteries, is an important and hot topic in current research. While polyoxometalates have been developed for battery components for several years, common POMs, including H3PW12O40, tend to form heteropoly blues that dissolve in the electrolyte during charging and discharging processes. Hence, finding a polyoxometalates that is less soluble in electrolyte and exhibits certain electrical properties is particularly crucial for lithium‐ion battery cathodes. Here, we report the synthesis of zero‐dimensional Cs3PW12O40 nanospheres, followed by the successful embedding of Cs3PW12O40 nanospheres into three‐dimensional graphene sponge, constructing a novel hybrid material of three‐dimensional graphene@polyoxometalate (rGO@Cs3PW12O40) as a new cathode material for LIBs. The prepared rGO@Cs3PW12O40 half‐cell hybrid exhibits excellent electrochemical performance, with high specific capacity (approximately 240 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1), outstanding rate capability (95 mAh g−1 at 2 A g−1), and exceptional cycling stability (700 cycles at 1 A g−1). This study provides a new perspective on the application of polyoxometalates in lithium‐ion batteries.
The 6Rs of EFDT Studies
Authors: Wise L. David 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTGiven the increased concerns over reproducibility, replicability, and reliability of scientific studies, the embryo‐fetal developmental toxicity (EFDT) study was examined from this perspective together with the classic 3Rs. These 6Rs contribute to external validity (i.e., applicability to human safety). Species differences and experimental conditions lower the validity of all preclinical studies to variable extents. The apparent lack/paucity of demonstrated replicate EFDT studies lowers reliability and thus validity. I make suggestions intended to add reliability for the continued use of these studies, which are a cornerstone for assessing safety during human pregnancies. Experienced readers will recognize that the suggestions would also apply to other guideline‐mandated developmental and reproductive toxicity and toxicity studies.
Dynamic real‐time 3D roadmap: A navigational tool for endovascular recanalization in chronic intracranial arterial occlusion
Authors: Zhao Wen , Chen Ling , Guo Honggen , Jia Qi , Lu Xiaojian , Zhang Feng , Chen Zhengwen , Li Peicheng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractChronic intracranial arterial occlusion (CIAO) poses a significant challenge in neurointerventional practice, with no universally accepted treatment strategy. While endovascular recanalization offers the potential for improved outcomes, it requires precise navigation and visualization of the vascular bed distal to the occluded segment to mitigate risks and enhance procedural success. This study introduces a novel technique that employs a dynamic real‐time three‐dimensional (3D) roadmap as a navigation tool during endovascular recanalization procedures for CIAO. This technique leverages advanced 3D rotational angiography and real‐time fluoroscopic overlay to provide continuous, high‐fidelity visualization of vascular anatomy without the need for repeated angiographic acquisitions or roadmap updates. By eliminating the need for recurrent angiograms to obtain optimal working projections after C‐arm adjustments, the dynamic real‐time 3D roadmap significantly improves procedural efficiency. This innovation substantially reduces radiation exposure, and contrast media volume, directly enhancing patient safety. Moreover, real‐time guidance minimizes procedural complications, such as vessel perforation and dissection, ensuring a safer and more controlled recanalization process. The dynamic real‐time 3D roadmap offers a safe, accurate, and efficient approach for navigating complex vascular anatomy, improving clinical outcomes in patients with CIAO while reducing procedural risks and resource utilization.
Does Asthma Affect the Risk of Developing Breast Cancer?
Authors: Michels Karin B. , Dumas Orianne , Varraso Raphaelle , Camargo Carlos A. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe role of the immune system in cancer defense is likely underappreciated. While there has been longstanding interest in the role of atopic diseases in cancer, only a few studies have tested this hypothesis.MethodsWe analyzed data from 202,055 women participating in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and the Nurses' Health Study II (NHS II) to explore whether asthma is associated with breast cancer. We used Cox proportional hazards models to link physician‐diagnosed asthma with subsequent incidence of breast cancer.ResultsAcross the two cohorts, we identified 18,403 cases of physician‐diagnosed asthma. During 4,393,760 person‐years of follow‐up, 11,096 incident cases of breast cancer were diagnosed. In NHS, women with asthma had a covariate‐adjusted hazard ratio of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.86–0.99) to develop breast cancer compared to women without asthma; the respective HR in NHS II was 0.93 (0.84–1.03), and 0.92 (0.87–0.98) in the pooled analysis. Among never‐smokers, the HR for breast cancer was 0.91 (0.81–1.02) in NHS, 0.81 (0.70–0.93) in NHS II, and 0.86 (0.77–0.97) combined. In two large prospective cohorts of women, participants with asthma had a somewhat lower risk of breast cancer. An active immune system may provide protection from breast cancer.ConclusionsIn these longitudinal studies, women with asthma had a somewhat lower risk of breast cancer. This association was most pronounced among never smokers. An active immune system may provide protection from breast cancer.
Intravascular Imaging‐Guided Versus Angiography‐Guided Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With ST‐Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction in the United States
Authors: Krittanawong Chayakrit , Ang Song Peng , Maitra Neil Sagar , Wang Zhen , Alam Mahboob , Jneid Hani , Sharma Samin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe role of Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) is still unclear in patients with STEMI undergoing PCI in the current second‐generation DES era.AimsThis study aimed to evaluate the trends and outcomes of IVUS‐guided PCI in patients with STEMI.MethodsWe used the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database from 2016 to 2021. The primary endpoint of this study is all‐cause in‐hospital mortality. Secondary endpoints include trends of PCI hospitalizations, trends of mortality, length of stay, and cost of hospitalization.ResultsThere were data for 819,645 hospitalizations for STEMI, of which 91.2% (n = 74,7860) utilized angiography‐guided PCI, 8.4% (n = 68,985) utilized IVUS‐guided PCI and 0.3% (n = 2800) utilized OCT‐guided PCI. In‐hospital mortality for IVUS‐guided PCI was 4.6% (n = 3190) versus 6.0% (n = 44,935) for angiography‐guided PCI with an adjusted OR 0.75 (0.68–0.81, p < 0.001). In‐hospital mortality for OCT‐guided PCI was 3.4% (n = 95) versus 6.0% (n = 44,935) for angiography‐guided PCI with an adjusted OR 0.67 (0.43–1.06, p = 0.09).ConclusionsIVUS/OCT‐guidance was increasingly utilized over the years and was associated with a significantly reduced adjusted odds of in‐hospital mortality. Large‐scale, long‐term randomized data are needed to better ascertain where IVUS/OCT may be best utilized for optimization of PCI for STEMI.
Anatomy of Risk: Decoding the Predictors of Vascular Access Complications in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Row Hunter T. , Edwards Anyamaria , Beaudrie Johnathan , Sahmoun Abe , Reil Todd , Haldis Thomas , Dyke Cornelius 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundDespite advancements in valve implantation devices, vascular access complications (VAC) remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality for those undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). We describe pre‐operative imaging analysis of the aortoiliac and femoral arterial beds using the TransAtlantic intersociety consensus (TASC) score, ilio‐femoral tortuosity, and procedural characteristics to identify anatomic risk factors predictive of VAC in TAVR.MethodsConsecutive patients undergoing TAVR from 2012 to 2022 at a single North Dakota hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Pre‐operative computed tomography angiography (CTA) was used for vascular analysis of the infrarenal aorta, iliac, and femoral vascular beds. Wilcoxon signed‐rank test was used for non‐normally distributed or t‐test for normally distributed continuous variables and Chi‐square or Fisher's exact tests for categorical variables were utilized to examine the association of each variable with vascular complications.ResultsOne thousand eighty‐nine patients were evaluated with 80 patients identified with VAC. Aortoiliac disease burden of the iliac arteries and posterior wall calcification of the common femoral artery (CFA) were predictive of VAC. Iliofemoral tortuosity and skin to CFA depth were not. Left sided CFA versus right CFA access was associated (p < 0.001). Pretreatment of diseased iliac vessels decreased odds of VAC (OR 0.21, 95% CI, 0.08−0.56).ConclusionOur study highlights the importance of preoperative peripheral vascular assessment for TAVR. We identify aortoiliac disease burden, posterior CFA calcification, and left sided common femoral access as risk factors for VAC. A structured approach to the preoperative assessment may optimize planning and enhance outcomes in TAVR.
Facile and Regioselective Deuteration of C2‐Alkylated Imidazolium Salts in the Presence of Cesium Carbonate
Authors: Mazars François , Far Johann , Damblon Christian , Delaude Lionel 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThirteen imidazolium iodides bearing benzyl, mesityl, or 2,6‐diisopropylphenyl substituents on their nitrogen atoms, and C1–C4 alkyl chains on their C2 carbon atom were readily deuterated with D2O as a cheap and non‐toxic deuterium source in the presence of Cs2CO3, a weak, innocuous, inorganic base. The isotopic exchange proceeded quickly and efficiently under mild, aerobic conditions to afford a range of aNHC and NHO precursors regioselectively labeled on their C2α exocyclic position and/or C4=C5 heterocyclic backbone. A “carbene‐free” mechanism was postulated, in which the carbonate anion acts as a catalyst to activate an exocyclic, acidic C−H bond and ease a deuterium transfer from D2O to the imidazolium salt in a concerted fashion.
Molecular Simulations of Stereocomplex Crystallization in Grafted Diblock Copolymers
Authors: Ma Junjie , Chen Yupeng , Chen Jianyu , Ming Yongqiang , Nie Yijing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHow to increase the stereocomplex crystal (SCs) content of polylactic acid attracts a lot of attention from scientists. In the current work, Monte Carlo simulations are used to construct grafted diblock copolymer systems with different grafting modes and the stereocomplex crystallization of these systems is studied. The results show that the SC contents are highest in the random‐grafted, the row‐staggered‐grafted and the point‐staggered‐grafted copolymer systems, while the SC content is lowest in the uniform‐grafted copolymer systems. This can be attributed to that the random‐grafted, the row‐staggered‐grafted and the point‐staggered‐grafted copolymer systems have the highest local segment miscibility, while the uniform‐grafted copolymer system has the lowest local segment miscibility. In addition, it is also found that the point‐staggered‐grafted copolymer systems with lower chain lengths exhibit higher SC contents due to the stronger segment mobility.
Network Partitioning Problem and UAVs' Integration for Efficient Connectivity Restoration: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zear Aditi , Ranga Virender , Bhushan Kriti 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTWireless sensor and actor networks (WSANs) are gaining substantial recognition because of their utility in inhospitable environments where humans have restricted accessibility. The extensive applications of WSANs in different domains require effectiveness, reliability, and some degree of robustness. These networks may experience frequent node failures due to their deployment in rough environments, such as energy depletion and onboard electronics failure of network nodes. These failures result in areas with no coverage, which may further deteriorate the standard of data accumulated. However, the network partitioning into disjoint fragments is the most severe repercussion that arises due to these failures. The network partitioning results in various negative impacts like obstruction in data exchange and restricted coordination among the nodes. Therefore, detecting partitioning in the network and restoring connectivity are important. This paper reviews the reported network partition detection and recovery techniques. The limitations of these recovery techniques are highlighted, along with the advantages of incorporating unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in various ground wireless networks. UAVs are evolving to become a critical element of future wireless network technologies. This paper incorporates the analysis of UAV‐assisted networks consisting of technical issues, challenges, and requirements related to the UAVs' employment in wireless networks. Thereafter, the reported UAV‐assisted partition recovery techniques are discussed along with the application scenarios for incorporating UAVs in network partitioning detection and recovery problem. The paper also highlights the challenges for associating UAVs in the network recovery process.
Early genetic screening and cardiac intervention in patients with cardiomyopathies in a multidisciplinary clinic
Authors: Sadasivan Chandu , Gagnon Luke R. , Hazra Deepan , Wang Kaiming , Youngson Erik , Thomas Jissy , Chan Anita Y.M. , Paterson D. Ian , McAlister Finlay A. , Dzwiniel Tara , Tymchak Wayne , Christian Susan , Oudit Gavin Y. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAimsPatients with cardiomyopathies are a heterogeneous group of patients who experience high morbidity and mortality. Early cardiac assessment and intervention with access to genetic counselling in a multidisciplinary Cardiomyopathy Clinic may improve outcomes and prevent progression to advanced heart failure.Methods and resultsOur prospective cohort study was conducted at a multidisciplinary Cardiomyopathy Clinic with 421 patients enrolled (42.5% female, median age 58 years), including 224 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM, 42.9% female, median age 57 years), 72 with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM, 43.1% female, median age 60 years), 79 with infiltrative cardiomyopathy (65.8% female, median age 70 years) and 46 who were stage A/at risk for genetic cardiomyopathy (54.3% female, median age 36 years). Patients were seen in follow‐up at a median of 18 months. A pathogenic/likely pathogenic variant was identified in 28.5% of the total cohort, including 33.3% of the DCM cohort (28% TTN mutations) and 34.1% of the HCM cohort (60% MYBPC3 and 20% MYH7) who underwent genetic testing. The use of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers/angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (48.3–69.5% of total cohort, P < 0.001), β‐blockers (58.4–72.4%, P < 0.001), mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (33.9–41.4%, P = 0.0014) and sodium/glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitors (5.3–27.9%, P < 0.001) all increased at follow‐up. Precision‐based therapies were also implemented, including tafamidis for transthyretin amyloidosis (n = 21), enzyme replacement therapy for Fabry disease (n = 14) and mavacamten (n = 4) for HCM. Optimization of medications and devices resulted in improvements in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) from 27% to 43% at follow‐up for DCM patients with reduced LVEF at baseline (P < 0.001) and reduction in left ventricular mass index (LVMI) from 156 g/m2 to 128 g/m2 at follow‐up for HCM patients with abnormal LVMI at baseline (P = 0.009). Optimization of therapies was associated with stable plasma biomarkers in stage B patients while lowering levels of BNP (619–517.5 pg/mL, P = 0.048), NT‐proBNP (777.5–356 ng/L, P < 0.001) and hsTropT (31–22 ng/L, P = 0.005) at follow‐up relative to baseline values for stage C patients. Despite stage B patients having overt cardiomyopathy at baseline, stage A and B patients had a similarly high probability of survival (χ2 = 0.204, P = 0.652). The overall cardiovascular mortality rate was low at 1.7% for the cohort (0.5% for stage B and 3.3% for stage C) over a median of 34‐month follow‐up.ConclusionOur study demonstrates that a multidisciplinary cardiomyopathy clinic can improve the clinical profiles of patients with diverse genetic cardiomyopathies.
Temporal and spatial evolution of green development capacity in western China
Authors: Wei Wei , Zhang Yali , Wei Xiaoxu , Yu Lina , Liu Congying , Nan Shengxiang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractUsing land use data and multi‐source remote sensing data and products, this paper selected comprehensive indices including the land use degree, habitat quality index, and the improved ecological environment index from the perspectives of efficiency, harmony, and sustainability. It calculated the Green Development Power Index (GDPI) using an objective weighting method and analyzed the spatial and temporal evolution of the GDPI in the western region from 2000 to 2020. The results of the paper showed that: (1) The level of green development power in the western region generally showed a progressive distribution pattern, with higher values in the north and west, and lower values in the south and east. The overall level of green development was positioned between the levels of stronger and strong development power. (2) From 2000 to 2020, the average values of the GDPI in the western region were 0.612, 0.613, 0.615, 0.610, and 0.594, respectively. The proportions of areas with stronger levels of green development power were 51.2%, 51.3%, 51.3%, 51.1%, and 47.0%, respectively. (3) Between 2000 and 2020, the level of the GDPI in the western region as a whole was in a basically stable state. The strong development power was mainly concentrated in desert Gobi regions such as Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Qinghai, and Gansu, which are characterized by lower altitude. In contrast, weaker development power was primarily found in regions like Sichuan and Shaanxi, which experienced rapid economic development, high levels of urbanization, and high population density.
Performance Characterisation and Application of Zein Microcapsules Loaded With Pyrazine Flavour
Authors: Zhou Meng , Zhang Yujie , He Aimin , Chen Weihua , Jiang Li , Lai Miao , Zhao Mingqin , Cui Bing 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPyrazine spices are prone to loss during application and storage due to their low molecular weight and high volatility. This study utilised zein as the wall material to develop microcapsules containing 2,3‐diethyl‐5‐methylpyrazine (DEMP), aiming to investigate protective and controlled release capabilities. The microcapsules (zein@DEMP) were fabricated using the antisolvent method, with an optimised loading rate of 11.43%, as determined by response surface methodology. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the zein@DEMP microcapsules exhibited a well‐dispersed spherical structure, while transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicated a core‐shell structure. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy further confirmed the successful encapsulation of DEMP. At the same time, pyrolysis results showed that the DEMP could be released under heating without producing any significant harmful compounds. Additionally, heat release kinetics at varying rates exhibited a strong linear fit, and the release kinetic at 80°C followed a first‐order kinetic equation. Storage stability tests demonstrated a significant increase in DEMP retention after 30 days at room temperature. Furthermore, the zein@DEMP microcapsules displayed antioxidant properties. When incorporated into heat‐not‐burn (HNB) cigarettes at a concentration of 20 mg, the zein@DEMP microcapsules improved sensory evaluation. The transfer behaviour of DEMP was also examined. This study underscores the potential of microencapsulation technology in enhancing the thermal stability and sustained‐release characteristics of pyrazine spices.
Association Between Sugar‐Sweetened Beverage Consumption and Frailty Among Older Adults With Hypertension: Evidence From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2020
Authors: Cao Si , Zeng Youjie , Zhou Sai , Song Wenming , Chen Gong 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTFrailty is a condition characterized by increased vulnerability to adverse health outcomes, particularly among older adults. With the significant prevalence of hypertension and the consumption of sugar‐sweetened beverages (SSBs) in this demographic, it is essential to explore their potential combined effects on frailty. This cross‐sectional study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 1999–2020, involving 13,465 hypertensive adults aged 60 and above. Frailty was assessed using a Frailty Index based on 49 deficits, categorizing individuals as frail if their score was ≥ 0.25. SSB consumption was measured through 24‐h dietary recalls. Multivariate logistic regression analyses, adjusted for various confounding factors including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), socioeconomic status, and lifestyle choices, indicated that SSB consumption was independently associated with an increased likelihood of frailty (odds ratio = 1.18, 95% confidence interval: 1.02–1.37, p = 0.02). Additionally, restricted cubic spline curve fitting revealed a linear relationship between SSB intake and frailty levels. Our findings suggested that SSB consumption was associated with frailty in older hypertensive adults, emphasizing the need for further research on the underlying mechanisms and potential interventions.
Genetically Predicted Gut Microbiota Mediate the Association Between Fatty Acids and Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Li Ling , Qin Zhiquan , Dong Ruirui , Yuan Xiong , Wang Gaoying , Wang Rong , Ning Shaokai , Wang Jing , Gao Jianyi , Tian Xiaoxue , Zhang Ting 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTFatty acids (FAs) and gut bacteria likely play vital roles in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP). However, the causal connection between FAs, gut microbiota, and ICP has not yet been confirmed. To investigate the associations of FAs, gut bacteria, and ICP, a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis with two samples was performed to identify the potential causal relationships between FAs and ICP. The potential mediating role of gut bacteria in FAs and ICP was analyzed by a two‐step MR analysis. False discovery rate (FDR) correction was conducted to correct the bias of multiple tests. MR analysis revealed that higher omega‐6 FAs/total FAs (odds ratio [OR] = 2.563, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.362–4.824, FDR p = 0.016), linoleic acids/total FAs (OR = 3.812, 95%CI = 1.966–7.388, FDR p = 0.001), and average number of methylene groups (OR = 1.968, 95%CI = 1.390–2.785, FDR p = 0.001) are potential risk factors for ICP. However, omega‐3 FAs (OR = 0.587, 95%CI = 0.394–0.874, FDR p = 0.031) and the average number of double bonds in an FA chain (OR = 0.575, 95%CI = 0.435–0.759, FDR p = 0.001) could reduce the risk of ICP. The abundance of 25 gut bacteria showed significant causal effects on ICP, among which Dokdonella may play a crucial role in modulating the effects of FAs on ICP. Our research results suggest that the effects of FA on ICP likely vary according to their different types. Dokdonella abundance plays a significant role in mediating the causal interactions between FAs and ICP.