bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The predictive value of intraprocedural mitral gradient for outcomes after MitraClip and its peri‐interventional dynamics
Authors: Öztürk Can , Sprenger Kim , Tabata Noriaki , Sugiura Atsushi , Weber Marcel , Nickenig Georg , Schueler Robert 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe current data on the impact of the increased mitral gradient (MG) on outcomes are ambiguous, and intraprocedural assessment of MG can be challenging. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate (a) peri‐interventional dynamics of MG, (b) the impact of intraprocedural MG on clinical outcomes, and (c) predictors for unfavorable MG values after MitraClip.MethodsWe prospectively included patients who underwent MitraClip. All patients underwent echocardiography at baseline, intraprocedurally, at discharge, and after 6 months. 12‐month survival was documented.ResultsOne hundred and seventy five patients (age 81.2 ± 8.2 years, 61.2% male) with severe mitral regurgitation (MR) were included. We divided our cohort into two groups according to intraprocedural MG with a threshold of 4.5 mm Hg, determined by a multivariate analysis of predictors for 12‐month mortality (<4.5 mm Hg: Group 1, ≥4.5 mm Hg: Group 2).Intraprocedural MG ≥4.5 mm Hg was found to be the strongest independent predictor for 12‐month mortality (HR: 2.33, P = .03, OR: 1.70, P = .05), and >3.9 mm Hg was associated with adverse functional outcomes (OR: 1.96, P = .04).The baseline leaflet‐to‐annulus index >1.1 was found to be the strongest independent predictor (OR: 9.74, P = .001) for unfavorable intraprocedural MG, followed by the number of implanted clips (P = .01), MG at baseline (P = .02), and central clip implantation (P = .05).ConclusionAn intraprocedural MG <3.9 mm Hg appears to be the best strategy for 1‐year survival and favorable functional outcomes after edge‐to‐edge MV repair with MitraClip independently from MR etiology. Peri‐interventional echocardiographic and procedural parameters are useful for the adequate assessment of intraprocedural MG.
Circ‐ACAP2 facilitates the progression of colorectal cancer through mediating miR‐143‐3p/FZD4 axis
Authors: Zhang Guifeng , Liu Zhenhua , Zhong Jiangming , Lin Li 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundCircular RNAs (circRNAs) play crucial roles in multiple cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, we explored the role of circRNA ArfGAP with coiled‐coil, ankyrin repeat and PH domains 2 (circ‐ACAP2) in the progression and radioresistance of CRC.MethodsQuantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blot assay were used to detect RNA and protein expression, respectively. The proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion and radioresistance of CRC cells were determined by 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, flow cytometry, transwell migration assay, transwell invasion assay and colony formation assay. The target interaction between microRNA‐143‐3p (miR‐143‐3p) and circ‐ACAP2 or frizzled class receptor 4 (FZD4) was verified by dual‐luciferase reporter assay. Murine xenograft model was established to explore the role of circ‐ACAP2 in vivo.ResultsThe expression of circ‐ACAP2 was prominently enhanced in CRC tissues and cell lines. Circ‐ACAP2 facilitated the proliferation, migration, invasion and radioresistance whereas inhibited the apoptosis of CRC cells. MiR‐143‐3p was a direct target of circ‐ACAP2 in CRC cells. Circ‐ACAP2 promoted the progression and radioresistance of CRC partly by sponging miR‐143‐3p. MiR‐143‐3p interacted with the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of FZD4 in CRC cells, and FZD4 overexpression partly reversed miR‐143‐3p‐mediated effects in CRC cells. Wnt/β‐catenin signalling was modulated by circ‐ACAP2/miR‐143‐3p/FZD4 axis in CRC cells.ConclusionCirc‐ACAP2 contributed to the development and radioresistance of CRC partly through targeting miR‐143‐3p/FZD4 axis, which provided novel potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for CRC.
Impact of COVID‐19 lockdown on routine oncology versus emergency care at a high volume cancer centre
Authors: Minichsdorfer Christoph , Jeryczynski Georg , Krall Christoph , Achhorner Alina Magdalena , Caraan Ariane , Pasalic Sabina , Reininger Katharina , Wagner Christina , Bartsch Rupert , Preusser Matthias , Laggner Anton , Raderer Markus , Fuereder Thorsten 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe investigated the influence of population‐wide COVID‐19 lockdown measures implemented on 16, March 2020 on routine and emergency care of cancer outpatients at a tertiary care cancer centre in Vienna, Austria.MethodsWe compared the number/visits of cancer outpatients receiving oncological therapies at the oncologic day clinic (DC) and admissions at the emergency department (ED) of our institution in time periods before (pre‐lockdown period: 1 January – 15 March 2020) and after (post‐lockdown period: 16 March– 31 May 2020) lockdown implementation with the respective reference periods of 2018 and 2019. Additionally, we analysed Emergency Severity Index (ESI) score of unplanned cancer patient presentations to the ED in the same post‐lockdown time periods. Patient outcome was described as 3‐month mortality rate (3‐MM).ResultsIn total, 16 703 visits at the DC and 2664 patient visits for the respective time periods were recorded at the ED. No decrease in patient visits was observed at the DC after lockdown implementation (P = .351), whereas a substantial decrease in patient visits at the ED was seen (P < .001). This translates into a 26%‐31% reduction of cancer‐related patient visits per half month after the lockdown at the ED (P < .001 vs. 2018 + 2019). There was no difference in the distribution of ESI scores at ED presentation (P = .805), admission rates or 3‐MM in association with lockdown implementation (P = .086).ConclusionWe demonstrate the feasibility of maintaining antineoplastic therapy administration during the COVID‐19 pandemic. However, our data underline the need for adapted management strategies for emergency presentations of cancer patients.
Improving prediction of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy: From SUDEP‐7 to SUDEP‐3
Authors: Tarighati Rasekhi Roozbeh , Devlin Kathryn N. , Mass Joely A. , Donmez Mustafa , Asma Burcu , Sperling Michael R. , Nei Maromi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveSudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is a significant cause of mortality in epilepsy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the validity of the SUDEP‐7 inventory and its components as tools for predicting SUDEP risk, and to develop and validate an improved inventory.MethodsThe study included 28 patients who underwent video–electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring and later died of SUDEP, and 56 age‐ and sex‐matched control patients with epilepsy. The SUDEP‐7 score, its individual components, and an alternative inventory were examined as predictors of SUDEP.ResultsSUDEP‐7 scores were significantly higher among SUDEP patients compared with controls, both at time of admission (p = 0.024) and most recent follow‐up (p = 0.016). SUDEP‐7 scores declined only among controls, who demonstrated reduced seizure frequency. Seizure freedom after epilepsy surgery was also associated with survival. Several components of the SUDEP‐7 inventory were independently associated with higher risk of SUDEP, including more than three generalized tonic‐clonic (GTC) seizures (p = 0.002), one or more GTC seizures (p = 0.001), or one or more seizures of any type within the last year (p = 0.013), and intellectual disability (p = 0.031). In stepwise regression models, SUDEP‐7 scores did not enhance the prediction of SUDEP over either GTC seizure frequency or seizure frequency alone. A novel SUDEP‐3 inventory comprising GTC seizure frequency, seizure frequency, and intellectual disability (p < 0.001) outperformed the SUDEP‐7 inventory (p = 0.010) in predicting SUDEP.SignificanceOur findings demonstrate the limitations of the SUDEP‐7 inventory. We propose a new three‐item SUDEP‐3 inventory, which predicts SUDEP better than the SUDEP‐7.
Hidradenitis suppurativa in South‐East Asia and East Asia
Authors: Chandran Nisha Suyien , Lee Ji Hae , Kurokawa Ichiro 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHidradenitis suppurativa (HS) in South‐East Asia and East Asia shows distinct clinical, environmental, physiological and likely genetic differences compared with the West. A male predominance is present, which may be due to differences in smoking habits. Involvement of the buttocks is common in East Asian patients, while the axillae are most commonly affected in South‐East Asian patients. Metabolic comorbidities are prevalent in South‐East Asian and East Asian HS patients. A family history of HS is less common than noted in Western populations. Asian ethnic subgroups deserve further study.
Director diversity and inclusion: At the table but in the game?
Authors: Chidambaran Nemmara K. , Liu Yun , Prabhala Nagpurnanand 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe issue of the presence of diverse directors on boards has attracted considerable attention among policymakers, practitioners, and academics. There is relatively less attention to the inclusion of diverse directors, or their onward trajectory after appointment. We study two outcomes related to inclusion—the retention of directors and their promotion to board leadership positions. Although gender is a key focus of many diversity discussions, we find significant inclusion results on skill diversity and nongender diversity dimensions. Retention and promotion are “less” likely for age‐ and ethnicity‐diverse directors but both outcomes are more likely for skill‐diverse directors.
Medium‐term environmental changes influence age‐specific survival estimates in a salmonid population
Authors: Marsh Jessica E. , Cove Richard J. , Britton J. Robert , Wellard Robert G. , House Andy , Gregory Stephen D. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Human‐induced environmental change is a major stressor on freshwater habitats that has resulted in the population declines of many freshwater species. Ontogenetic shifts in habitat use and associated (st)age‐specific requirements mean that impacts of environmental stressors can influence (st)ages in a population differently, and yet relatively few studies of freshwater fish populations account for their detail.

We aimed to identify environmental and biotic factors affecting survival estimated for six age‐classes of a European grayling population in the River Wylye, UK over a 17‐year period. We used a Bayesian age‐structured state space model to estimate survival of grayling cohorts between subsequent life stages (eggs to age 5 adults) for 16 annual transitions (2003–2004 to 2018–2019), whilst accounting for imperfect sampling of the population. We quantified the effects of seasonal water flow and temperature, in‐stream habitat and prey resource, and potential competitors and predators on survival between subsequent life stages. We used Bayesian variable selection to gauge their relative importance on survival.

Grayling abundances declined during the study period (>75% in all age‐classes), predominately driven by a loss of mature adults. Changes to seasonal flows negatively influenced their survival: increased days of summer low flow related to decreased survival of subadults and mature adults, and lower winter flows related to reduced recruitment of juveniles from eggs. Higher summer macrophyte cover negatively influenced juvenile and subadult survival and increasing days of high temperature in summer appeared detrimental to juvenile survival. Abundance of brown trout (a potential competitor and predator) did not negatively influence grayling survival.

Our results reveal the implications of environmental change on a salmonid population, where recent low summer flows and high temperatures, and below average winter flows, have negatively influenced grayling survival. These conditions appear to be becoming more frequent and persistent in our study river, which is towards the species’ southern range limit, which could render the population vulnerable to climate change. Our study demonstrates how careful analysis of long‐term population monitoring and environmental datasets can identify factors affecting (st)age‐specific fish population dynamics, and when combined with local expertise, results in realistic mitigation proposals to promote wildlife population persistence.
Intraguild predation dampens trophic cascades in shallow aquatic mesocosms in the subtropics: Implications for lake restoration by biomanipulation
Authors: He Hu , Ning Xiaoyu , Chen Kunquan , Li Qisheng , Li Kuanyi , Liu Zhengwen , Jeppesen Erik 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Intraguild predation (IGP), defined as killing and eating among potential competitors, is commonly observed in shallow lakes and is predicted to dampen trophic cascades and affect ecosystem properties (e.g. phytoplankton biomass or primary production). We tested this hypothesis by manipulating the density of two common lake predators, the small‐sized fish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco (the intraguild predator) and the shrimp Exopalaemon modestus (the intraguild prey), in outdoor mesocosms containing natural phytoplankton and zooplankton communities.

In single predator treatments, both predators induced a strong trophic cascade, as evidenced by extinction of the key herbivore, Daphnia pulex, and increasing phytoplankton biomass and chlorophyll a concentration.

When the two predators were added together, however, the strength of collective predator effects on zooplankton and the cascading effects on phytoplankton growth were weaker than the sum of the individual predator effects. We attributed this antagonism among predators to intraguild predation as demonstrated by the lower shrimp catch per unit effort in the presence of fish.

Our study suggests that common predators in subtropical shallow lakes may act antagonistically and thereby dampen trophic cascades in food webs. Thus, when implementing biomanipulation efforts to suppress algal growth via enhancing zooplankton herbivory, both the quantity and diversity of lake predator assemblies should be considered.
Boron Mass Fractions and δ11B Values of Eighteen International Geological Reference Materials
Authors: Zhu Guanhong , Ma Jinlong , Wei Gangjian , Zhang Le 
Published: June 2021

Here we report boron (B) mass fractions and δ11B values of a set of geological reference materials including ultramafic rocks, basalts, andesites, felsic rocks and sedimentary materials. Boron was purified using a single column loaded with AGMP‐1 resin. The δ11B data were determined by multi‐collector inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (MC‐ICP‐MS) using the sample‐standard bracketing method, and the NIST SRM 951 reference solution was selected as the calibrator. Boron mass fractions were measured by ICP‐MS. Based on analyses of the NIST SRM 951 reference solution over a period of 1 year, the intermediate measurement precision for B isotope determinations was better than 0.5‰ (2s). The robustness of the overall B isotope analytical procedure was evaluated by carrying out replicate analyses of five reference materials (i.e., B5, JB‐2, JB‐3, B6 and JR‐2). The eighteen geological reference materials have δ11B values ranging from −28.85 to +10.47‰ and B mass fractions ranging from 2.37 to 158 μg g−1. The comprehensive data set presented here serves as a reference for quality assurance and comparison of B isotope and B mass fraction data among different laboratories.
Emicizumab prophylaxis in infants with severe haemophilia A without inhibitors: Illustrative real‐world cases to support shared decision‐making
Authors: Mason Jane A. , Young Guy 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntroductionEmicizumab has been shown to be safe and effective for prevention of bleeds in patients with severe haemophilia A (SHA), both with and without inhibitors. The subcutaneous administration and long half‐life make emicizumab an attractive option for prophylaxis in infants with SHA, however data to inform treatment decisions in this younger age group are almost absent.AimThe aim of this report is to share real world experience to illustrate how the availability of emicizumab has shifted the prophylaxis paradigm in the management of infants with SHA.MethodWe selected four cases from our own cohort of infants with SHA to outline the rationale for emicizumab prophylaxis in a range of scenarios familiar to paediatric haemophilia treaters.ResultsIn Case 1 emicizumab was commenced at 7 days following initial treatment of neonatal ICH with a FVIII infusion. In Case 2 emicizumab was commenced at 5 weeks due to parental anxiety regarding the potential for ICH during infancy. Case 3 commenced emicizumab at 15 months in lieu of standard primary prophylaxis. Case 4 switched to emicizumab prophylaxis at 14 months after a period of primary prophylaxis with FVIII concentrates to alleviate parental anxiety regarding future inhibitor development. No patient had any bleeding events after commencement of emicizumab (median follow up 12 months), and no drug‐related adverse effects were observed.ConclusionDespite the paucity of data in infants with SHA the potential role of emicizumab prophylaxis should be discussed with families when clinically relevant, with decisions tailored to individual need.
Effect of binder system on the thermophysical properties of 3D‐printed zirconia ceramics
Authors: Hofer Anna‐Katharina , Rabitsch Julia , Jutrzenka‐Trzebiatowska Dagmara , Hofstetter Christoph , Gavalda‐Velasco Isabel , Schlacher Josef , Schwentenwein Martin , Bermejo Raul 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFabrication of 3D‐printed ceramic parts with high complexity and high spatial resolution often demands low wall thickness as well as high stiffness at the green state, whereas printing simpler geometries may tolerate thicker, more compliant walls with the advantage of a rapid binder‐burn‐out and sintering process. In this work, the influence of the binder system on the thermophysical properties of 3D‐printed stabilized zirconia ceramics was investigated. Samples were fabricated with the lithography‐based ceramic manufacturing (LCM) technology using two different photosensitive ceramic suspensions (LithaCon 3Y230 and LithaCon 3Y210), with the same ZrO2 powder. A significant difference in stiffness in the green state (~3 MPa vs. ~32 MPa for LithaCon 3Y230 and LithaCon 3Y210, respectively) was measured, associated with a rather loose or a linked network formed in the binder due to photopolymerization. Both materials reached high relative densities, that is, >99%, exhibiting a homogeneous fine‐grained microstructure. No significant differences on the coefficient of thermal expansion (11.18 ppm/K vs. 11.17 ppm/K) or Young's modulus (207 GPa vs. 205 GPa) were measured, thus demonstrating the potential of tailoring binder systems to achieve the required accuracy in 3D‐printed parts, without detrimental effects on material's microstructure and thermophysical properties at the sintered state.
Skin and soft tissue infections in biological therapy for psoriasis—A case report and systematic review of the literature
Authors: Fisher Shani , Ziv Michael 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundBiological therapies are widely used for moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis owing to their high efficacy and safety profile. However, skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) have been reported in association with biological treatment in psoriasis.MethodsWe report a case of necrotizing fasciitis in an 18‐year‐old psoriasis patient with a history of severe combined immunodeficiency treated with secukinumab and conducted a systematic literature review of SSTIs associated with biological therapy for psoriasis. The literature review related to biological therapies for psoriasis between the years 1990 and 2020: Medline (PubMed), Embase, and CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) were searched for psoriasis, biological treatment, and skin and soft tissue infections.ResultsOver 1,300 titles were found, 24 of which met the inclusion criteria for our study: nine retrospective studies, nine randomized controlled trials, and six prospective studies. The data covered 10 biological treatments. More than 40,000 patients receiving biological treatment were included, and nearly 1,000 cases of SSTIs were documented.ConclusionsWe present the available records regarding SSTIs among chronic plaque psoriasis patients given biological treatment. Most reported SSTIs were related to psoriasis patients treated with TNF‐α inhibitors. In view of the presented data, biological treatment appears to be a safe mode of therapy for this aspect of psoriasis.
Dermoscopic features of mucosal lichen planus
Authors: Rouai Meriem , Litaiem Noureddine , Hammami Houda , Bacha Takwa , Jones Meriem , Ksontini Meriem , Rammeh Soumaya , Mokni Mourad , Zeglaoui Faten 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundLichen planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis that affects the skin and the mucous membranes. The literature on the dermoscopic aspects of mucosal LP is still scarce. This study aimed to describe the dermoscopic aspects of mucosal LP and to provide a comprehensive updated summary of the literature.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional, multicenter study conducted in Charles Nicolle, La Rabta, and Habib Thameur hospitals from December 2019 to October 2020. We included patients with histologically confirmed mucosal LP for whom a dermoscopic examination was performed.ResultsTwenty‐seven patients were enrolled. The main dermoscopic structures observed were as follows: Wickham's striae (WS) (91%), vessels (88%), pigmentated structures (41%), erosions (63%), scales (34%), and blunting of lingual papillae (3.1%). WS patterns were as follows: reticular (67%), radial (48%), annular (30%), globular (15%), dotted/starry sky (15%), and veil‐like blue or grey‐white homogenous pattern (19%). Vascular structures were as follows: linear (85%), dotted (70%), looped (22%), and peripheral sea anemone‐like vessels (37%). These vessels were distributed in a radial arrangement at the periphery of the lesions in 67% of the cases. Pigmented structures included brown/blue globules (33%), grey‐blue dots (30%), and brown dots (26%).ConclusionDermoscopic features of mucosal LP are varied. WS is the hallmark of LP. The distribution and aspects of WS in mucosal LP were slightly different from those described in cutaneous LP. Physicians should be aware of these dermoscopic features that could help differentiate LP from other mucosal inflammatory diseases.