bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Vascular Adverse Events in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Population-Based, Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study
Authors: Chen Mei-Tsen , Huang Shih-Tsung , Lin Chih-Wan , Ko Bor-Sheng , Chen Wen-Jone , Huang Huai-Hsuan , Hsiao Fei-Yuan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have shown long-term survival benefits in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Nevertheless, significant concern has been raised regarding long-term TKI-associated vascular adverse events (VAEs). The objective of this retrospective cohort study was to investigate the incidence of VAEs in Taiwanese patients with CML treated with different TKIs (imatinib, nilotinib, and dasatinib) as well as potential risk factors.

Materials and Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Taiwan Cancer Registry Database and National Health Insurance Research Database. Adult patients diagnosed with CML from 2008 to 2016 were identified and categorized into three groups according to their first-line TKI treatment (imatinib, nilotinib, and dasatinib). Propensity score matching was performed to control for potential confounders. Cox regressions were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of VAEs in different TKI groups.

Results
In total, 1,111 patients with CML were included in our study. We found that the risk of VAEs in nilotinib users was significantly higher than that in imatinib users, with an HR of 3.13 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.30–7.51), whereas dasatinib users also showed a nonsignificant trend for developing VAEs, with an HR of 1.71 (95% CI, 0.71–4.26). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, only nilotinib usage, older age, and history of cerebrovascular diseases were identified as significant risk factors. The annual incidence rate of VAEs was highest within the first year after the initiation of TKIs.

Conclusion
These findings can support clinicians in making treatment decisions and monitoring VAEs in patients with CML in Taiwan.

Implications for Practice
This study found that patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treated with nilotinib and dasatinib may be exposed to a higher risk of developing vascular adverse events (VAEs) compared with those treated with imatinib. Thus, this study suggests that patients with CML who are older or have a history of cerebrovascular diseases should be under close monitoring of VAEs, particularly within the first year after the initiation of tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
Community‐level bureaucrats conserving the Peruvian Amazon
Authors: Biffi Isla Valeria 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper explores to what extend Lipsky's street‐level bureaucrat (SLB) model fits forest‐level bureaucrats implementing environmental policy. Based on the research of a state‐led payment for an ecosystem services scheme in the Peruvian Amazon, the common features of SLBs – discretion, distance from power, and closeness to public policy users – are key analytical tools to understand the work of SLBs in rural contexts, where the presence of the state is usually precarious. Results suggest that, for this case study, SLBs use their discretion to reshape formal regulation and procedures and even relegate the accomplishment of environmental activities to cope with the burden of bureaucracy and accountability reporting. The political but also geographical distance from the center of power is fundamental for SLBs to use their discretion. However, applying the SLB model to the margins also requires paying attention to alternative elements. SLBs are better understood as brokers rather than gatekeepers since they assume responsibilities to close the bureaucratic and administrative gaps between the state as provider of public services and the real capacities of indigenous peoples as policy users. It also demands paying better attention to the role of public accountability and the effect they produce on bureaucratizing the communities where they work.
Acute kidney injury identification for pharmacoepidemiologic studies: Use of laboratory electronic acute kidney injury alerts versus electronic health records in Hospital Episode Statistics
Authors: Savino Manuela , Plumb Lucy , Casula Anna , Evans Katharine , Wong Esther , Kolhe Nitin , Medcalf James F. , Nitsch Dorothea 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPurposeA laboratory‐based acute kidney injury (AKI) electronic‐alert (e‐alert) system, with e‐alerts sent to the UK Renal Registry (UKRR) and collated in a master patient index (MPI), has recently been implemented in England. The aim of this study was to determine the degree of correspondence between the UKRR‐MPI and AKI International Classification Disease‐10 (ICD‐10) N17 coding in Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) and whether hospital N17 coding correlated with 30‐day mortality and emergency re‐admission after AKI.MethodsAKI e‐alerts in people aged ≥18 years, collated in the UKRR‐MPI during 2017, were linked to HES data to identify a hospitalised AKI population. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyse associations between absence/presence of N17 codes and clinicodemographic features. Correlation of the percentage coded with N17 and 30‐day mortality and emergency re‐admission after AKI were calculated at hospital level.ResultsIn 2017, there were 301 540 adult episodes of hospitalised AKI in England. AKI severity was positively associated with coding in HES, with a high degree of inter‐hospital variability—AKI stage 1 mean of 48.2% [SD 14.0], versus AKI stage 3 mean of 83.3% [SD 7.3]. N17 coding in HES depended on demographic features, especially age (18–29 years vs. ≥85 years OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.21–0.23), as well as sex and ethnicity. There was no evidence of association between the proportion of episodes coded for AKI with short‐term AKI outcomes.ConclusionCoding of AKI in HES is influenced by many factors that result in an underestimation of AKI. Using e‐alerts to triangulate the true incidence of AKI could provide a better understanding of the factors that affect hospital coding, potentially leading to improved coding, patient care and pharmacoepidemiologic research.
Validity of hospital ICD‐10‐GM codes to identify anaphylaxis
Authors: de Sordi Dominik , Kappen Sanny , Otto‐Sobotka Fabian , Kulschewski Anke , Weyland Andreas , Gutierrez Lia , Fortuny Joan , Reinold Jonas , Schink Tania , Timmer Antje 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPurposeAnaphylaxis (ANA) is an important adverse drug reaction. We examined positive predictive values (PPV) and other test characteristics of ICD‐10‐GM code algorithms for detecting ANA as used in a multinational safety study (PASS).MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional study on routine data from a German academic hospital (2004–2019, age ≥ 18). Chart review was used for case verification. Potential cases were identified from the hospital administration system. The main outcome required at least one of the following: any type of specific in‐hospital code (T78.2, T88.6, and T80.5) OR specific outpatient code in combination with a symptom code OR in‐hospital non‐specific code (T78.4, T88.7, and Y57.9) in combination with two symptom codes. PPV were calculated with 95% confidence interval. Sensitivity analyses modified type of codes, unit of analysis, verification criteria and time period. The most specific algorithm used only primary codes for ANA (numbers added in brackets).ResultsFour hundred and sixteen eligible cases were evaluated, and 78 (37) potential ANA cases were identified. PPV were 62.8% (95% CI 51.1–73.5) (main) and 77.4% (58.9–90.4) (most specific). PPV from all modifications ranged from 12.9% to 80.6%. The sensitivity of the main algorithm was 66.2%, specificity 91.5%, and negative predictive value 92.6%. Corresponding figures for the most specific algorithm were 32.4%, 98.0%, and 87.0%.ConclusionsThe PPV of the main algorithm seems of acceptable validity for use in comparative safety research but will underestimate absolute risks by about a third. Restriction to primary discharge codes markedly improves PPV to the expense of reducing sensitivity.
Associations between LMO1 gene polymorphisms and central nervous system tumor susceptibility
Authors: Lin Huiran , Chen Huitong , Lin Ao , Liu Xiaoping , Huang Xiaokai , Zhou Jingying , Yuan Li , Zhuo Zhenjian 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTImportanceLIM domain only 1 (LMO1) gene polymorphisms were previously found to be implicated in the risk of several cancers. No available studies were performed regarding the predisposing effect of LMO1 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on central nervous system (CNS) tumor risk.ObjectiveWe aimed to determine whether the LMO1 gene SNPs were associated with the risk of CNS tumor by applying a case‐control study with 191 cases and 248 controls in China.MethodsThe contributions of LMO1 gene SNPs to the risk of CNS tumor was evaluated by multinomial logistic regression.ResultsBased on the calculations of odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI), we failed to detect a significant relationship between each LMO1 gene SNP (rs110419 A>G, rs4758051 G>A, rs10840002 A>G, rs204938 A>G, and rs2168101 G>T) and CNS tumor risk, respectively. A negative association was also found in the combined effects on these five SNPs and CNS tumor risk. The stratification analysis further demonstrated the individuals with rs204938 AG/GG genotype confer to increased risk of CNS tumor compared with those with an AA genotype in males (OR: 1.74, 95% CI: 1.01–2.98, P = 0.046).InterpretationWe concluded that LMO1 gene SNPs may not strong enough to influence the risk of CNS tumor in Chinese children. More studies are required to verify this association.
Toughening of a dicyandiamide‐cured epoxy resin: Influence of cure conditions on different rubber modifications
Authors: Schneider Jan‐Pierre , Lengsfeld Hauke 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCure kinetics of modified epoxy resins cured with dicyandiamide are studied. The influence of different heating rates in the curing process, such as curing behavior, morphology, and thermo‐mechanical properties, is studied. Additionally, three different post‐cure cycles at 180°C are employed. Two butadiene‐based toughening agents are used, a carboxyl‐terminated polybutadiene‐co‐acrylonitril (CTBN) prepolymer and a functionalized block copolymer of polytetrahydrofuran and hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene. The amphiphilic block copolymer enables investigations with a bimodal particle size morphology. All results are contrasted with those of the neat resin and butadiene‐free block polymer. Faster curing processes result in smaller average particle sizes and better fracture toughness of the modified epoxy resins. Further improvements are achieved with additional post‐cure cycles at 180°C. An increased interfacial adhesion between the particles and the epoxy matrix is considered to be the main mechanism. Optimized lengths of the post‐cure process can be determined with the butadiene‐based toughening agents indicating a competing thermal degradation. Longer post‐cures than 40 min lead to lower fracture toughness in the butadiene‐based modified materials. In general, similar influences of the curing and post‐curing process on the bimodal and unimodal distributed system can be observed differing in more intense dependencies of the bimodal system.
Identifying type and evaluating stability of behavioral risk
Authors: Jenkins Andrew , Thoman Sarah , Wang Yan , von der Embse Nathaniel , Kilgus Stephen , Reynolds Faith 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDetecting mental health concerns in youth accurately and promptly may prevent poor school outcomes, long‐term mental illness, and adverse lifelong outcomes. Practitioners often use universal behavioral risk screeners to identify students at‐risk on indicators related to mental health concerns. However, research is needed to inform the stability of risk identification scores across the academic year. Using a sample of N = 1496 elementary and middle school‐aged students, latent class analysis and latent transition analysis were employed to identify and characterize the risk classes and the stability of latent classes of student risk longitudinally across one school year (i.e., fall, winter, and spring). The screener of interest within this study was the Social, Academic, and Emotional Behavior Risk Screener–Student Rating Scale (SAEBRS‐SRS). Results revealed three distinct risk classes (low, moderate, and high risk) that remained stable across screening periods. Future directions and implications for practice are discussed.
Clinical, pathological, and therapeutic features of newly diagnosed prostate cancer predominantly detected by opportunistic PSA screening: A survey of Shiga Prefecture, Japan
Authors: Okinaka Yuki , Kageyama Susumu , Nishizawa Koji , Yoshida Toru , Ishitoya Satoshi , Shichiri Yasumasa , Kim Chul Jang , Iwata Tsuyoshi , Yokokawa Ryusei , Arai Yutaka , Nishikawa Zenkai , Soga Hiroki , Ushida Hiroshi , Sakano Yuji , Naya Yoshio , Yoshida Tetsuya , Narita Mitsuhiro , Kawauchi Akihiro 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn all the prefectures of Japan, with the exception of Shiga Prefecture, more than half of local governments have an organized prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) screening system in place. However, in the Shiga Prefecture, only a single city performed PSA screening over the time period of this survey. The purpose of the present study was to determine the clinical, pathological, and therapeutic features of newly diagnosed prostate cancer in localities where a formally organized screening system was almost entirely absent.MethodsA multicenter observational study was conducted in the Shiga Prefecture, which has the lowest rate of population‐based PSA‐screening in Japan. Patients' age, initial PSA, reasons for PSA testing, Gleason score, clinical stage, and primary treatments were surveyed. We stratified patients according to the reasons for PSA measurement, and compared the differences between groups subject to organized versus opportunistic screening.ResultsIn the 2 years 2012 and 2017, 984 newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients were analyzed. Of these, 954 (97%) were opportunistically tested (i.e., not as part of an organized screening system), with the remaining 29 (3%) measured as part of an organized screening program. Patients in the former group exhibited a higher initial PSA value than in the organized screening group (median: 11.49 vs. 5.67 ng/ml). They also had worse clinical features, including higher Gleason score and TNM stage. More patients in the organized screening group were treated curatively than in the nonorganized screening group in terms of the primary treatment. The results were similar in a subanalysis of the patients of age 50–69 years.ConclusionsOrganized PSA screening contributes to increasing the number of patients diagnosed with early‐stage cancer who can be treated curatively.
Melatonin attenuates prostatic inflammation and pelvic pain via Sirt1‐dependent inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome in an EAP mouse model
Authors: Chen Jing , Zhang Li‐Gang , Du He‐Xi , Zhan Chang‐Sheng , Liu Yi , Zhang Meng , Chen Xian‐Guo , Wen Long‐Ping , Zhang Li , Liang Chao‐Zhao 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundChronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a common male genitourinary system disease. As a neuroendocrine hormone, melatonin possesses a variety of biological functions, among which its anti‐inflammatory effects have recently drawn substantial attention. The purpose of the current research was to study the effect of melatonin on CP/CPPS and the underlying mechanisms using a mouse model of experimental autoimmune prostatitis (EAP).MethodsThe EAP mouse model was successfully established by subcutaneously injecting a mixture of prostate antigen and complete Freund's adjuvant. On Day 42, hematoxylin‐eosin staining was used to evaluate the histological appearance of prostate tissues. Chronic pelvic pain development was assessed by suprapubic allodynia. The levels of inflammation‐related cytokines, such as interferon‐γ, interleukin (IL)‐17, and IL‐1β, were detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Then, we explored the anti‐inflammatory effects of melatonin on CP/CPPS by Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining, by measuring the expression of silent information regulator 1 (Sirt1) and NLRP3 inflammasome‐related proteins in EAP mice.ResultsThe EAP model mice exhibited severe diffuse leukocyte infiltration and significantly increased pelvic pain compared to the control mice. In the melatonin treatment group, the histological appearance of the prostate tissues, pelvic pain development, and the levels of proinflammatory cytokines were significantly alleviated compared to the EAP + dimethyl sulfoxide group. Furthermore, we found that the protective effects of melatonin were achieved through activation of the Sirt1 pathway and downregulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.ConclusionsThe results indicated that melatonin could attenuate prostate inflammation and pelvic pain by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasomes signaling pathway through the activation of Sirt1 in mice with EAP, and these efforts should provide a promising therapeutic strategy for CP/CPPS.
Ligand‐binding properties of odorant‐binding protein 6 in Athetis lepigone to sex pheromones and maize volatiles
Authors: Li Lu‐Lu , Huang Jian‐Rong , Xu Ji‐Wei , Yao Wei‐Chen , Yang Hui‐Hui , Shao Liang , Zhang Hui‐Ru , Dewer Youssef , Zhu Xiu‐Yun , Zhang Ya‐Nan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDAthetis lepigone, a noctuid moth feeding on more than 30 different crops worldwide, has evolved a sophisticated, sensitive, and specific chemosensory system to detect and discriminate exogenous chemicals. Odorant‐binding proteins (OBPs) are the most important agent in insect chemosensory systems to be explored as an alternative target for environmentally friendly approaches to pest management.RESULTSTo investigate the olfactory function of A. lepigone OBPs (AlepOBPs), AlepOBP6 was identified and expressed in Escherichia coli. The binding affinity of the recombinant OBP to 20 different ligands was then examined using a competitive binding approach. The results revealed that AlepOBP6 can bind to two sex pheromones and ten maize volatiles, and its conformation stability is pH dependent. We also carried out a structure–function study using different molecular approaches, including structure modeling, molecular docking, and a mutation functional assay to identify amino acid residues (M39, V68, W106, Q107, and Y114) involved in the binding of AlepOBP6 to both sex pheromones and maize volatiles in A. lepigone.CONCLUSIONThese results suggest that AlepOBP6 is likely involved in mediating the responses of A. lepigone to sex pheromones and maize volatiles, which may play a pivotal function in mating, feeding, and oviposition behaviors. This study not only provides new insight into the binding mechanism of OBPs to sex pheromones and host volatiles in moths, but also contributes to the discovery of novel target candidates for developing efficient behavior disruptors to control A. lepigone in the future. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Density functional theory calculation of the Renner–Teller effect in NCO: Preliminary assessment of exact exchange energy on the accuracy of the Renner coefficient
Authors: Kashinski David O. , Radziewicz Tyler J. , Suarez Matthew G. , Stephens Constantine C. , Byrd Edward F. C. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAssessment of DFT methods through analysis of the Renner–Teller effect (RTE) in the state of the NCO radical was completed. Our results suggest that the amount of exact exchange at long range is important for an accurate description of the RTE in NCO. DFT functionals from the B3LYP, PBE, TPSS, M06, and M11 families with standard Correlation Consistent, 6‐311G split valence family, as well as Sadlej, and Sapporo polarized triple‐ζ basis sets were assessed. Our Renner coefficients are compared with previously published theoretical and experimental results to characterize the overall accuracy of various functional/basis set combinations in determining the RTE splitting in the (bending) modes of . We suggest that this method of analysis can be extended to other systems, serve as an accuracy metric when selecting a functional, and provide a means to create training sets for machine learning in computational molecular physics applications.
A Six Coordinated Phosphorus(V) Corrole Bearing Two Hydroxyl Axial Ligands: X‐Ray Structure, DNA Interaction, Photonuclease Activity, and Cytotoxicity towards Tumor Cells
Authors: Jiang Xiao , Sun Yan‐Mei , Cen Jing‐He , Yang Wu , Liao Yu‐Hui , Shi Lei , Lin Dong‐Zi , Liu Hai‐Yang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPhosphorus corrole has been explored as a promising photosensiter for photodynamic therapy (PDT) treatment in decade. A new trans‐bishydroxyl axial ligated phosphorus(V) 5, 15‐bis(pentafluorophenyl)‐10(p‐hydroxylphenyl) corrole (1‐P) was synthesized and well characterized by X‐ray structure determination. Complex 1‐P could bind ct‐DNA via an outside binding mode and displayed good photonuclease activity. After illumination, it might significantly generate singlet oxygen, hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion radical. 1‐P exhibited low dark toxicity but high photocytotoxicity against HepG2, CNE‐2, A549 and MDA‐MB‐231 tumor cell lines. Preliminary results show 1‐P is a promising candidate of PDT photosensitizer.
Rapid Formation of Multicellular Spheroids in Boundary‐Driven Acoustic Microstreams
Authors: Rasouli Reza , Tabrizian Maryam 
Published: August 2021

Abstract3D cell spheroid culture has emerged as a more faithful recreation of cell growth environment compared to conventional 2D culture, as it can maintain tissue structures, physicochemical characteristics, and cell phenotypes. The majority of current spheroid formation methods are limited to a physical agglomeration of the desired cell type, and then relying on cell capacity to secrete extracellular matrix to form coherent spheroids. Hence, apart from being time‐consuming, their success in leading to functional spheroid formation is also cell‐type dependent. In this study, a boundary‐driven acoustic microstreaming tool is presented that can simultaneously congregate cells and generate sturdy cell clusters through incorporating a bioadhesive such as collagen for rapid production of spheroids. The optimized mixture of type I collagen (0.42 mg mL−1) and methylcellulose (0.4% w/v ) accelerates the coagulation of cell–matrix as fast as 10 s while avoiding their adhesion to the device, and thereby offering easy spheroid retrieval. The versatility of the platform is shown for the production of MDA‐MB‐231 and MCF‐7 spheroids, multicellular spheroids, and composite spheroids made of cells and microparticles. The ability to produce densely packed spheroids embedded within a biomimetic extracellular matrix component, along with rapid formation and easy collection of spheroids render the proposed device a step in technology development required to realize potentials of 3D constructs such as building blocks for the emerging field of bottom–up tissue engineering.