bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Managerial styles and their relationship with job satisfaction in information technology companies
Authors: Grecco Anna Beatriz Bezerra , Velázquez Daniel René Tasé , Mastrapa Lorena Hernández 
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this paper is to identify and evaluate which managerial style prevails in the operational area of five IT companies and their relationship with the job satisfaction of their employees. For data collection, a questionnaire was applied to 120 participants, validating 110 responses. Questions regarding the three factors of EAEG were integrated in order to identify the focus in which the leadership predominantly operates in these companies, and the five dimensions of EST were used to measure the level of employees satisfaction regarding each dimension evaluated. Descriptive statistical processing allowed to observe that the managerial style focused on the Task prevails, with an overall average score of vt = 4.11. As dispersion measures, the sample standard deviation (St = 0.39) and sample amplitude (At = 0.91) corresponding to this factor (Task) were calculated, respectively, showing that the values are very close to the average score. It indicates that there is uniformity between the scores for each item of the factor Task. It was found that 65 % of participants confirm the role of the leadership focused on the Task. The Satisfaction with the nature of work dimension reached an average score of vd = 5.09, showing employee satisfaction. The dimension Satisfaction with colleagues reached an average score of vd = 4.34 indicating indifference on the level of satisfaction, whereas the dimensions Satisfaction with salary, promotions and leadership, reached averages of vd = 3.87, vd = 3.70 and vd = 3.46, respectively, indicating levels of dissatisfaction. Finally, were highlighted some criteria as motivators for avoid turnover in organizations that contribute to the job satisfaction of these employees.
Nachrichten für die Nachwelt. Turmkugelarchive in der Erinnerungskultur des deutschsprachigen Europa
Authors: Kümin Beat 
Published: June 2021

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Aufsatz untersucht den weitverbreiteten Brauch, Chroniken und Objekte in die Turmkugeln (bzw. -knäufe/-knöpfe) bedeutender sakraler und profaner Gebäude wie Pfarrkirchen, Kapellen, Ratshäuser und Schlösser zu legen. Hoch über städtischen und ländlichen Siedlungen, in einer liminalen Position zwischen Himmel und Erde, lagern diese Archive als latente Ressourcen der lokalen Gedächtniskultur. Neu entdeckt und ergänzt in einem Rhythmus „absichtlicher Zufälligkeit“, typischerweise im Abstand von ein bis zwei Generationen (oft unter großer örtlicher Anteilnahme), bieten sie faszinierende Einblicke in die Selbstdarstellung vergangener Gesellschaften und die von ihren Vertretern zur Übermittlung an die Nachwelt ausgewählten Informationen. Gestützt auf eine Datenbank von bis ins Mittelalter zurückreichenden Einlagen aus (bisher) fast 900 Standorten, untersucht diese erste überregional angelegte Studie die zeitliche Verteilung, das Profil der Schreibenden, Aspekte der Medien- und Materialkultur, die prominentesten Kommunikationsthemen – insbesondere Gebäude, Gesellschaft, Geschichte und Gottesanrufung – sowie epochenübergreifende (Dis-)kontinuitäten. Mit Bezug auf Fallstudien aus Deutschland und der Schweiz sowie Erkenntnisse aus der Gedächtnisforschung, kreisen weitere Überlegungen um Fragen der Begrifflichkeit, methodische Herausforderungen und Funktionen, dies auch in Abgrenzung zu vergleichbaren Traditionsmedien wie Denkmälern oder Grundsteinen. Mit Blick auf ihre distinktive Prägung lokaler Erinnerungskulturen durch Prozesse der Selektion, Repräsentation und Taktierung wird abschließend vorgeschlagen, Turmkugelarchive als „Generationenorte“ zu konzeptualisieren, die eine zeitliche Ausdehnung des kommunikativen Gedächtnisses ermöglichen. Auch wenn das architektonische Stilelement in weiten Teilen Europas Verwendung findet, scheint das Phänomen serieller Einlagen aus noch nicht restlos geklärten Gründen auf (katholische wie protestantische) Gebiete des ehemaligen Heiligen Römischen Reiches Deutscher Nation beschränkt.
Effects of uniform or non-uniform heating at bottom wall on MHD mixed convection in a porous cavity saturated by nanofluid
Authors: Muthukumar Subramanian , Sureshkumar Selvaraj , Malleswaran Arthanari , Muthtamilselvan Murugan , Prem Eswari 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A numerical investigation on the effects of uniform and non-uniform heating of bottom wall on mixed convective heat transfer in a square porous chamber filled with nanofluid in the appearance of magnetic field is carried out. Uniform or sinusoidal heat source is fixed at the bottom wall. The top wall moves in either positive or negative direction with a constant cold temperature. The vertical sidewalls are thermally insulated. The finite volume approach based on SIMPLE algorithm is followed for solving the governing equations. The different parameters connected with this study are Richardson number (0.01 ≤ Ri ≤ 100), Darcy number (10−4 ≤ Da ≤ 10−1), Hartmann number (0 ≤ Ha ≤ 70), and the solid volume fraction (0.00 ≤ χ ≤ 0.06). The results are presented graphically in the form of isotherms, streamlines, mid-plane velocities, and Nusselt numbers for the various combinations of the considered parameters. It is observed that the overall heat transfer rate is low at Ri = 100 in the positive direction of lid movement, whereas it is low at Ri = 1 in the negative direction. The average Nusselt number is lowered on growing Hartmann number for all considered moving directions of top wall with non-uniform heating. The low permeability, Da = 10−4 keeps the flow pattern same dominating the magnetic field, whereas magnetic field strongly affects the flow pattern dominating the high Darcy number Da = 10−1. The heat transfer rate increases on enhancing the solid volume fraction regardless of the magnetic field.
Improving the optical link for UVLC using MIMO technique
Authors: AL-Deen Mustafa B. , Ali Mazin Ali A. , Saleh Zeyad A. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper proposed a theoretical treatment to study underwater wireless optical communications (UWOC) system with different modulation schemes by multiple input-multiple output (MIMO) technology in coastal water. MIMO technology provides high-speed data rates with longer distance link. This technique employed to assess the system by BER, Q. factor and data rate under coastal water types. The reliability of the system is examined by the techniques of 1Tx/1Rx, 2Tx/2Rx, 3Tx/3Rx and 4Tx/4Rx. The results shows the proposed technique by MIMO can get the better performance compared with the other techniques in terms of BER. Theoretical results were obtained to compare between PIN and APD photodetectors. Besides, 32-PPM is robust and considers a suitable modulation scheme for obtaining the low BER and high Q. factor in LoS scenarios.
A photonic transmission link with enhanced dynamic range by incorporating phase shifters in dual drive dual parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator
Authors: Singh Sarika , Arya Sandeep K. , Singla Shelly , Berwal Pulkit 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A linearization scheme is proposed for microwave photonic link to enlarge spurious free dynamic range using a dual-electrode dual parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator (MZM). This scheme employs phase control method to improve performance of the link by adjusting phase of radio frequency (RF) signals and bias voltages of optical modulator. Optical single sideband modulation is achieved through sub-modulators of dual parallel MZM which increases efficiency of the link. The simulated results show that third order intermodulation distortion is suppressed by 28 dB when the input RF signals are 9.1 and 9.5 GHz and noise floor is at −161 dBm/Hz. The spurious free dynamic range is also improved by 12.6 dB.
Nahuatl, selected vitality indicators and scales of vitality in an Indigenous language community in Mexico
Authors: Gomashie Grace A. , Terborg Roland 
Published: June 2021

AbstractScales or measurements of vitality propose various factors to assess the degree of endangerment of a language. Using these measurements offers important insights into the maintenance of a language and identifies the areas in need of support. The current study employed seven scales to assess the vitality of Nahuatl in the language community of Puebla, Mexico. Data on the selected vitality indicators, absolute speaker population, and intergenerational language transmission were collected through questionnaires on linguistic knowledge and home language use. Results showed that five out of the seven scales characterized Nahuatl as not at an immediate risk of endangerment as it had speakers in all age groups and was spoken at home by them. However, there was need for more emphasis on transmitting Nahuatl to the younger generations who made up the majority of the non-Nahuatl speaker population and were more likely to use Spanish than Nahuatl. The approach taken by this study will be of value when assessing other communities facing language endangerment and seeking language maintenance and revitalization.
‘Awâmil Numuww al-Uṣȗliyyah wa at-Taṭarruf wa Istimrâriyyatuhumâ fī Afganistân
Authors: Nukhba Ghulam Mustafa , Rizapoor Habiburrahman 
Published: June 2021

الملخص التطرف العنیف الناتج عن الاصولیة يعد واحدًا من أكثر الظواهر تهديدًا لقد تغير السلام في العالم، كما تغيرت أي ظاهرة أخرى في المجتمعات البشرية.الأصولية والتطرف ليس فريدًا بالنسبة للعالم الإسلامي بل يمكن ملاحظته في الأديان الأخرى. ولکن في غضون ذلك، العديد من الطوائف الدينية في العالم الإسلامي في فترة ما بعد الأحداث المعروفة باسم "الربيع العربي"، من أجل الحصول على السلطة وتنفيذ نموذج الحكم الذي يريدون وتشكيل المجتمع الإسلامي المطلوب على أساس تفسيرهم للآيات القرآنية وأحاديث الرسول صلي الله علیه وسلم، بدأت في تجديد قواتها وبدء صراعات عسكرية ومدنية في كثير من الأراضي الإسلامية. أن التطرف ظاهرة عالمية وتاريخية تمت محاربتها بوسائل متعددة، حيث أن جميع الديانات والرسالات السماوية، والفلسفات والنظريات الاجتماعية، تدين التطرف. وتعدّه من أعقد المشكلات والعقبات التي تواجه تقدم البشرية؛ لما تخلّفه من نتائج كارثية، على المستوى الإنساني ّ والحضاري، والتي نتج عنه صدامات وصراعات دموية لم تنته أثارها حتى الآن؛ مما تسبب بالتعاسة للبشرية، وكان على رأسها التطّرف والتعصب والعنف والعدوان. اتبعت فی هذا البحث المنهج التاريخي الوصفي والتحليلي مع استخدام مصادر مكتبية موثوقة التي تهدف تعريف الأصولية والتطرف، ونشأتهما وتحديد عواملهما وأسباب النمو واستمرار هما وإيجاد طرق لمنع التطرف واستمراره في أفغانستان. أظهرت نتائج هذه الدراسة أن الأزمات الداخلية والسياسية والاقتصادية والثقافية والاجتماعية وغزو الثقافة الغربية من جهة، وتدخل وكالات الاستخبارات الإقليمية والدولية مثل ISI وغيرها ووجود قوات الناتو اوامریکا من جهة أخرى، عوامل في نمو واستمرارية التطرف والأصولية في أفغانستان
Partisipasi Organisasi Massa Dalam Pemilihan Gubernur Dan Wakil Gubernur Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta Pada Tahun 2017 Perspektif Hukum Positif Dan Hukum Islam
Authors: Toni Toni , Taufiqurachman Taufiqurachman 
Published: June 2021

Partisipasi ormas daerah dalam Pilkada DKI Jakarata Tahun 2017 patut diperhitungkan. Hal ini dikarenakan dalam pemilihan Gubenur dan Wakil Gubenur, ormas daerah dinilai mempunyai peran begitu penting bagi terlaksananya Pilkada di berbagai daerah. Forum Betawi Rempug (FBR) merupakan salah satu ormas daerah yang berpartisipasi dalam Pilkada DKI Jakarta. Ormas ini berperan dalam mendukung dan mensukseskan calon pasangan gubenur dan wakil gubenur dalam Pilkada tersebut.Penelitian ini fokus pada partisipasi organisasi masa dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah. Partisipasi ormas penting untuk diteliti megingat keberhasilan dari sebuah pemilu dapat dilihat dari tingkat partisipasi masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, dengan pendekatan literatur dan empiris. Adapun data penelitian diperoleh dari beberapa peraturan, buku, artikel, jurnal, surat kabar, dan fenomena di lapangan. Hasil penelitian ini ialah adanya pengaruh etnis yang menjadi salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan FBR mendukung salah satu pasangan Gubenur dan Wakil Gubenur DKI Jakarta, dukungan FBR disebabkan oleh pengaruh figur dari pasangan Gubenur dan Wakil Gubernur DKI Jakarta. Juga peran pimpinan FBR berpengaruh bagi aspirasi masyarakat betawi, sehingga berdampak bagi kemajuan budaya betawi maupun perekonomian masyarakat betawi. Kata Kunci : Partisipasi, Ormas, Pemilihan Kepala Daerah
Simulation-Based Discharge Education Program for Caregivers of Children With Tracheostomies
Authors: Yuen Anthony , Rodriguez Normaliz , Osorio Snezana Nena , Nataraj Courtney , Ward Mary J. , Clapper Timothy C. , Abramson Erika , Ching Kevin 
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVES:
To design, implement, and evaluate a simulation-based education (SBE) program for caregivers of children with tracheostomy.

METHODS:
Self-reported comfort and confidence in knowledge as well as tracheostomy care skills were assessed before and after a single SBE session for 24 consecutively enrolled caregivers of children with tracheostomies aged &lt;21 years who were hospitalized at an academic medical center from August 2018 to September 2019 by using a survey and checklist, respectively. Mean individual and aggregated scores were compared by using a paired samples t-test, and association between instruments was determined with Spearman correlation.

RESULTS:
Post-SBE, there was a significant improvement in both self-reported comfort and confidence (P &lt; .001) and checklist assessment of most tracheostomy care skills (P &lt; .001). There were no significant correlations between caregivers’ self-reported comfort and confidence and skills pre-SBE (ρ = 0.13) or post-SBE (ρ = 0.14). Cronbach’s α coefficients for the survey ranged from 0.93 to 0.95 and for the checklist from 0.58 to 0.67. Seventeen percent of caregivers competently completed the entire checklist post-SBE, with most caregivers missing 1 or 2 critical skills such as obturator removal after tracheostomy insertion.

CONCLUSIONS:
In this pilot study, we demonstrated successful design and implementation of an SBE program for caregivers of children with tracheostomies, revealing improvements in self-reported comfort and confidence as well as in their performance of tracheostomy care skills. Further optimization is needed, and caregivers may benefit from additional SBE sessions to achieve complete skills competency. Future research on the long-term impact of SBE and the peer-to-peer support element of the program is needed.
Safety Events in Children’s Hospitals During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Masonbrink Abbey R. , Harris Mitch , Hall Matt , Kaiser Sunitha V. , Hogan Alexander H. , Parikh Kavita , Clark Nicholas A. , Rangel Shawn 
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted hospitals, potentially affecting quality and safety. Our objective was to compare pediatric hospitalization safety events during the pandemic versus previous years.METHODS:In this retrospective cohort study of hospitalizations in the Pediatric Health Information System, we compared Pediatric Quality Indicator (PDI) rates from March 15 to May 31, 2017–2019 (pre-COVID-19), with those from March 15 to May 31, 2020 (during COVID-19). Generalized linear mixed-effects models with adjustment for patient characteristics (eg, diagnosis, clinical severity) were used.RESULTS:There were 399 113 discharges pre-COVID-19 and 88 140 during COVID-19. Unadjusted PDI rates were higher during versus pre-COVID-19 for overall PDIs (6.39 vs 5.05; P &lt; .001). In adjusted analyses, odds of postoperative sepsis were higher during COVID-19 versus pre-COVID-19 (adjusted odds ratio 1.28 [95% confidence interval 1.04–1.56]). The remainder of the PDIs did not have increased adjusted odds during compared with pre-COVID-19.CONCLUSIONS:Postoperative sepsis rates increased among children hospitalized during COVID-19. Efforts are needed to improve safety of postoperative care for hospitalized children.
COVID-19–Associated Pulmonary Embolism in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Chima Melissa , Williams Duane , Thomas Neal J. , Krawiec Conrad 
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with pulmonary embolism in adults, but the clinical circumstances surrounding its presence are unknown in children. The objectives of this study are to determine the prevalence of pulmonary embolism in pediatric subjects with COVID-19, evaluate patient characteristics, and describe treatments applied.

METHODS:
We performed a retrospective cohort study using TriNetX electronic health record data of subjects aged &lt;18 years who were diagnosed with COVID-19 infection (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, code U07.1). Pulmonary embolism was identified by using International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, code I26. We additionally collected data on age, sex, race, ethnicity, all diagnostic codes, medications, procedures, laboratory results, comorbidities, and outcomes.

RESULTS:
During the study period, 24 723 pediatric subjects were reported to have a COVID-19 infection diagnosis among 41 health care organizations, of which 693 (2.8%) were hospitalized. Eight subjects (0.03% overall and 1.2% of hospitalized patients) were diagnosed with pulmonary embolism. The median age (25th to 75th percentile) of patients diagnosed with pulmonary embolism was 16.5 years, and median (25th to 75th percentile) BMI was 22.1 (19.6–47.9). Three (37.5%) received critical care services, and 1 (12.5%) underwent mechanical ventilation. Five (62.5%) subjects had potentially significant risk factors (obesity, malignancy, recent surgery, and oral contraceptive use). All patients received anticoagulation, but none underwent thrombolysis. There were no reported deaths.

CONCLUSIONS:
Although pulmonary embolism is diagnosed less commonly in children than in adults, its occurrence appears to be more frequent in children hospitalized with COVID-19, as compared with previous reports in hospitalized children in general. All patients survived, with only 1 requiring mechanical ventilation.
El precepto penal, una vía para prevenir el delito y reparar el escándalo
Authors: Pérez-Madrid Francisca 
Published: June 2021

El precepto penal puede ser un medio especialmente adecuado para reparar el escándalo, restablecer la justicia y conseguir la enmienda del fiel, entre otras razones por sus rasgos característicos de personalidad y temporalidad. No obstante, se trata de un instrumento poco utilizado quizá por desconocimiento o por dificultad para entenderlo en el conjunto del CIC.
El Vademécum de la Congregación para la Doctrina de la Fe sobre algunas cuestiones procesales ante los casos de abuso sexual aconseja su utilización.
Según los datos disponibles, el proyecto de reforma del Libro VI del Código de Derecho Canónico favorece el uso del precepto penal, incluso considera que su aplicación será necesaria en determinados supuestos.
Tripartite Separation of Glomerular Cell Types and Proteomes from Reporter-Free Mice
Authors: Hatje Favian A. , Wedekind Uta , Sachs Wiebke , Loreth Desiree , Reichelt Julia , Demir Fatih , Kosub Christopher , Heintz Lukas , Tomas Nicola M. , Huber Tobias B. , Skuza Sinah , Sachs Marlies , Zielinski Stephanie , Rinschen Markus M. , Meyer-Schwesinger Catherine 
Published: June 2021

Significance Statement
Renal blood filtration occurs in a functional unit called the glomerulus. The filtration barrier comprises resident cell types, i.e., podocytes, mesangial cells, and glomerular endothelial cells. We introduce a glomerular cell isolation protocol that separates these three cell types at a sufficient quantity and purity to allow for detailed protein-biochemical investigations. We demonstrate that the expression of fluorescent transgenes in glomerular cells can result in proteome artifacts, and that different mouse strains have different glomerular cell type proteomes. Further, we demonstrate the power of this globally applicable technique to identify new proteins enriched in glomerular cells and to dissect cell-specific disease responses and crosstalk between different intraglomerular cell types.

Background
The glomerulus comprises podocytes, mesangial cells, and endothelial cells, which jointly determine glomerular filtration. Understanding this intricate functional unit beyond the transcriptome requires bulk isolation of these cell types for biochemical investigations. We developed a globally applicable tripartite isolation method for murine mesangial and endothelial cells and podocytes (timMEP).

Methods
We separated glomerular cell types from wild-type or mT/mG mice via a novel FACS approach, and validated their purity. Cell type proteomes were compared between strains, ages, and sex. We applied timMEP to the podocyte-targeting, immunologic, THSD7A-associated, model of membranous nephropathy.

Results
timMEP enabled protein-biochemical analyses of podocytes, mesangial cells, and endothelial cells derived from reporter-free mice, and allowed for the characterization of podocyte, endothelial, and mesangial proteomes of individual mice. We identified marker proteins for mesangial and endothelial proteins, and outlined protein-based, potential communication networks and phosphorylation patterns. The analysis detected cell type–specific proteome differences between mouse strains and alterations depending on sex, age, and transgene. After exposure to anti-THSD7A antibodies, timMEP resolved a fine-tuned initial stress response, chiefly in podocytes, that could not be detected by bulk glomerular analyses. The combination of proteomics with super-resolution imaging revealed a specific loss of slit diaphragm, but not of other foot process proteins, unraveling a protein-based mechanism of podocyte injury in this animal model.

Conclusion
timMEP enables glomerular cell type–resolved investigations at the transcriptional and protein-biochemical level in health and disease, while avoiding reporter-based artifacts, paving the way toward the comprehensive and systematic characterization of glomerular cell biology.