bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heat‐induced structural changes in fish muscle collagen related to texture development in fish balls: Using eel ball as a study model
Authors: Wang Yafei , Wang Xufeng , Lin Chuntong , Yu Mengqin , Chen Shanshan , Guo Jingke , Rao Pingfan , Miao Song , Liu Shutao 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn order to elucidate the substantial effect and underlying mechanism of endogenous collagen on the texture development of fish balls, the structural and gelling properties of eel muscle collagen (EMC) under different heat treatments, as well as their effects on texture of eel ball, were investigated. EMC resulted in significant improvement of eel ball texture via gelling ability, filler effect, and interaction with starch. Under mild heating below 90°C for 30 min, the structural and physicochemical changes of EMC varied gradually, resulting in improved storage modulus of starch‐containing myofibrillar gel, a mimic of eel ball. However, overheating (100°C, 30 min) induced EMC degradation and significantly decreased the gel formation and the improvements in textural properties. Supplementation of EMC to eel balls significantly improved its gel strength, springiness, cohesiveness, and chewiness, as well as uniformity and tightness of the microstructure. These results suggest the texture development of eel ball can be regulated by heat‐induced structural changes, as well as structure–function relationship of collagen, compared with previous studies on myofibrillar proteins and exogenous gelatin; and they may provide texture‐related insights to the quality control of fish balls and diverse heat‐treated products of surimi containing collagen.
“I never had a thought about drowning”. Exploring water safety attitudes and practices among older adults in Western Australia
Authors: Abercromby Meg , Crawford Gemma , Nimmo Lauren , Leavy Justine E. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to explore factors associated with drowning among older adults aged 65 years and over in Western Australia.MethodsThis paper was concerned with illuminating older adults experience and perspectives of water safety and drowning prevention. The study used in‐depth, semi‐structured interviews (n = 15) to examine knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and behaviours. The interviews were analysed using a phenomenological hermeneutical interpretation whereby three steps were taken to identify common patterns of meaning from individual's lifeworld.DiscussionInterviews captured the voices of those who identified as swimmers and those who identified as nonswimmers and revealed nine constitutive patterns which support a central theme of life around water. This study provides insights into perceptions and experiences of water safety as individuals’ age. The findings suggest individuals who perceived themselves as strong swimmers had a decreased perception of risk, while participants who self‐identified as weak swimmers were more likely to avoid risks and modified their behaviour accordingly. Findings highlighted low water safety literacy and suggest that older people not only underestimate their drowning risk, but also lack an understanding of the risk factors for drowning.So what?The findings from this study will have a direct impact on the development of a WA health promotion program to prevent drowning among older adults.
Neutrophil extracellular traps induce a hypercoagulable state in glioma
Authors: Zhang Shihua , Guo Mengfan , Liu Qianzi , Liu Jingfeng , Cui Yankun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is one of the leading complications in glioma patients. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been reported to play a critical role in the physiopathology of cancer. We aimed to investigate the presence and potential role of NETs in the hypercoagulable state in glioma patients. Moreover, we evaluated the interaction between NETs and endothelial cells (ECs) in glioma patients.MethodsThe plasma levels of NETs were detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The NET procoagulant activity was performed based on fibrin formation assays. The NET generation and NET‐treated ECs in vitro were observed by confocal microscopy. Activated platelets (PLTs) and PLT‐neutrophil aggregates were detected by flow cytometry.ResultsPlasma NET markers were significantly higher in stage III/IV glioma patients than in stage I/II glioma patients and healthy subjects. PLTs from glioma patients tended to induce NET formation than those from healthy subjects. NETs contributed to the hypercoagulable state in glioma patients. After ECs were incubated with NETs isolated from stage III/IV glioma patients, they lost their intercellular connections and were converted into procoagulant phenotypes. Combining DNase I and activated protein C markedly decreased endothelial dysfunction.ConclusionsOur results showed the interaction between NETs and hypercoagulability in glioma patients. Targeting NETs may be a potential therapeutic and prevention direction for thrombotic complications in glioma patients.
ORMDL3 overexpression facilitates FcεRI‐mediated transcription of proinflammatory cytokines and thapsigargin‐mediated PERK phosphorylation in RBL‐2H3 cells
Authors: Ogi Kazuhiro , Takabayashi Tetsuji , Tomita Kaori , Sakashita Masafumi , Morikawa Taiyo , Ninomiya Takahiro , Okamoto Masayuki , Narita Norihiko , Fujieda Shigeharu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe chromosomal region 17q21 harbors the human orosomucoid‐like 3 (ORMDL3) gene and has been linked to asthma and other inflammatory diseases. ORMDL3 is involved in the unfolded protein response (UPR), lipid metabolism, and inflammatory reactions. We investigated the effects of ORMDL3 overexpression in RBL‐2H3 cells to determine the contribution of ORMDL3 to inflammatory disease development.MethodsWe generated ORMDL3 stably overexpressing RBL‐2H3 cells to assess degranulation, transcriptional upregulation of interleukin‐4 (IL‐4), tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1), and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation via FcεRI. In addition, we examined the effects of ORMDL3 overexpression on thapsigargin (TG)‐mediated proinflammatory cytokine transcription and UPR by monitoring MAPK, protein kinase‐like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), and inositol‐requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) phosphorylation.ResultsOverexpression of ORMDL3 enhanced IL‐4, TNF‐α, and MCP‐1 expression after FcεRI cross‐linking, whereas the sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P) agonist FTY720 suppressed this enhancement. There was no significant difference in degranulation and MAPK phosphorylation via FcεRI‐mediated activation between vector‐transfected and ORMDL3‐overexpressing cells. ORMDL3 overexpression accelerated TG‐mediated PERK phosphorylation, while MAPK phosphorylation and proinflammatory cytokine expression showed no significant changes in ORMDL3‐overexpressing cells.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that ORMDL3 plays an important role in regulating proinflammatory cytokine expression via the S1P pathway and selectively affects the UPR pathway in mast cells.
International spillovers of forward guidance shocks
Authors: Jones Callum , Kulish Mariano , Rees Daniel M. 
Published: July 2021

SummaryWe estimate a two‐country model of the United States and Canada over the post 2009 sample to study the cross‐country spillovers of forward guidance shocks. To do so, we propose a method to identify forward guidance shocks during the fixed interest rate regime. The estimated forward guidance shocks coincide with significant U.S. monetary policy announcements such as the introduction of calendar‐based guidance in 2011. While a 2‐quarter expansionary forward guidance shock decreases Canadian output by about 0.2% to 0.4% on impact, we find that the United States and Canada were both better off by responding with expansionary monetary policy to the large contractionary shocks that took place during the Great Recession. The central message of our paper is that the focus on whether monetary policy spillovers are expansionary or contractionary is incomplete. What matters is whether the combined monetary policy response is stabilizing in aggregate.
Synthesis, identification, density functional and Hirshfeld surface studies of 2,2′‐disulfanediylbis(tetrahydro‐4H‐cyclopenta[d][1,3,2]dioxaphosphole‐2‐sulfide)
Authors: Mkadmh Ahmed M. , Safi Zaki S. , Elkhaldy Adnan A. , Staples Richard J. , Kaya Savaş , Serdaroğlu Goncagül 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe new compound 2,2′‐disulfanediylbis (tetrahydro‐4H‐cyclo penta[d][1,3,2]dioxaphosphole 2‐sulfide), the dimeric form of 2‐mercaptotetrahydro‐4H‐cyclopenta[d] [1,3,2] dioxaphosphole 2‐sulfide, has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, molecular weight determination and spectral data (1H‐NMR,13C‐NMR,31P‐NMR, FTIR). The molecular geometry was confirmed by single X‐Ray crystallography. The ground state property was examined by PBE0 and B3LYP density functionals using aug‐cc‐pV(Q+d)Z basis set in the gas phase and in DMSO solution. The preference of PBE0 functional was statistically established. Thermodynamic parameters and standard heat of dissociation reaction () have been established. The calculated equilibrium constants at different temperatures reflect the stability of the dimer over the monomers at low temperatures and vice versa. Valency and Fukui indices calculations showed that the monomer is more reactive than the dimer. 2D‐fingerprint revealed that, while the H…X; [X = H, O and S] nonbonding intermolecular interactions and reciprocals play a crucial role in strengthening of molecules packing in the crystal unit cell while the S…S ones contribute negatively on it.
Alpha‐globin gene triplication and its effect in beta‐thalassemia carrier, sickle cell trait, and healthy individual
Authors: Hamid Mohammad , keikhaei Bijan , Galehdari Hamid , Saberi Alihossein , Sedaghat Alireza , Shariati Gholamreza , Mohammadi‐Anaei Marziye 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe genotype and phenotype correlation between coinheritance of heterozygous beta‐thalassemia with the alpha‐globin triplication is unclear. In this study we have investigated and reviewed alpha triplication frequency in beta‐thalassemia carriers, sickle cell trait, and healthy individuals and its effect on hematological and phenotypical changes. In this study, 4005 beta‐thalassemia carriers, 455 sickle cell trait, and 2000 healthy individuals were included. Molecular characterization of beta and alpha‐thalassemia was performed. The frequencies of alpha‐globin triplication in beta‐thalassemia carriers, sickle cell trait, and healthy individuals were 67 (1.67%), 4 (0.88%), and 18 (0.9%), respectively. In total, the frequency of alpha‐triplications is approximately 89 (1.39%) in Khuzestan province, South of Iran population. We have compared the average hematological parameters of beta‐thalassemia carriers, sickle cell trait, and healthy individuals with and without alpha gene triplication.This mutation did not show any significant effect on the change of blood indices, neither in healthy individuals nor in sickle cell trait and beta‐thalassemia carriers. Therefore, there is no need to take more notice of anti 3.7 mutation in beta‐thalassemia carriers is opposed with some studies reported that the presence of excess alpha‐globin genes in beta‐thalassemia carriers can lead to the phenotype of beta‐thalassemia intermedia. Therefore, not every individual with triplicated alpha globin coinherited with beta‐thalassemia trait will have a significantly lower Hb than normal, and it is highly likely that none of them will need transfusion.
Impact of Sociodemographic Disparities and Insurance Status on Survival of Patients with Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Salem Mohamed E. , Puccini Alberto , Trufan Sally J. , Sha Wei , Kadakia Kunal C. , Hartley Marion L. , Musselwhite Laura W. , Symanowski James T. , Hwang Jimmy J. , Raghavan Derek 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundLow socioeconomic status (SES) has been linked to worse survival in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the impact of SES on early-onset CRC remains undescribed.Materials and MethodsRetrospective analysis of data from the National Cancer Database (NCDB) between 2004 and 2016 was conducted. We combined income and education to form a composite measure of SES. Logistic regression and χ2 testing were used to examine early-onset CRC according to SES group. Survival rates and Cox proportional hazards models compared stage-specific overall survival (OS) between the SES groups.ResultsIn total, 30,903 patients with early-onset CRC were identified, of whom 78.7% were White; 14.5% were Black. Low SES compared with high SES patients were more likely to be Black (26.3% vs. 6.1%) or Hispanic (25.3% vs. 10.5%), have T4 tumors (21.3% vs. 17.8%) and/or N2 disease (13% vs. 11.1%), and present with stage IV disease (32.8% vs. 27.7%) at diagnosis (p &lt; .0001, all comparisons). OS gradually improved with increasing SES at all disease stages (p &lt; .001). In stage IV, the 5-year survival rate was 13.9% vs. 21.7% for patients with low compared with high SES. In multivariable analysis, SES (low vs. high group; adjusted hazard ratio [HRadj], 1.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26–1.46) was found to have a significant effect on survival (p &lt; .0001) when all of the confounding variables were adjusted. Insurance (not private vs. private; HRadj, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.31–1.44) mediates 31% of the SES effect on survival.ConclusionPatients with early-onset CRC with low SES had the worst outcomes. Our data suggest that SES should be considered when implementing programs to improve the early detection and treatment of patients with early-onset CRC.Implications for PracticeLow socioeconomic status (SES) has been linked to worse survival in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the impact of SES on early-onset CRC remains undescribed. In this retrospective study of 30,903 patients with early-onset CRC in the National Cancer Database, a steady increase in the yearly rate of stage IV diagnosis at presentation was observed. The risk of death increased as socioeconomic status decreased. Race and insurance status were independent predictors for survival. Implementation of programs to improve access to care and early diagnostic strategies among younger adults, especially those with low SES, is warranted.
Light emission from microwave discharges in liquid hydrocarbons at the initial stages of their development
Authors: Lebedev Yuri A. , Krashevskaya Galina V. , Batukaev Timur S. , Epstein Irene L. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTime‐resolved optical techniques (spectrograph, high‐speed camera, photodiode) were used for scrutinizing the initial stages of the microwave discharge (2.45 GHz, 200–500 W) achieved in liquid alkanes (CnH2n + 2). Petroleum solvent Nefras S2 80/120 (a mixture of light hydrocarbons with boiling temperatures ranging between 33°C and 205°C) was considered to be representative of alkanes. The discharge was ignited in the liquid, at the end of a molybdenum antenna located under ambient conditions above the liquid. The discharge displaced sequences of light pulses of different shapes and amplitudes, randomly distributed in time. The minimum pulse duration is 0.5 ms. At times close to 1 ms, the spectrum comprises emission bands of the C2 molecule, lines of hydrogen, and the C+ ion, but there is no continuum associated with the emission of the formed solid carbon‐containing particles. In a number of cases, an anomalous spectrum of the C2 molecule was recorded, with no such sequences having been observed before.
Classifying precipitation from GEO satellite observations: Prognostic model
Authors: Upadhyaya Shruti A. , Kirstetter Pierre‐Emmanuel , Kuligowski Robert J. , Gourley Jonathan J. , Grams Heather M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPrecipitation is one of the most important components of the global water and energy cycles, which together regulate the climate system. Future changes in precipitation patterns related to climate change are likely to have the greatest impacts on society. The new generation of geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) satellites provide high‐resolution observations and opportunities to improve our understanding of precipitation processes. This study contributes to improved precipitation characterization and retrievals from space by identifying precipitation types (e.g., convective and stratiform) with multispectral observations from the Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) sensor onboard the GOES‐16 satellite. A machine‐learning‐based classification model is developed by deriving a comprehensive set of features using five ABI channels and numerical weather prediction observations, and trained with the Ground Validation Multi‐Radar/Multi‐Sensor (GV‐MRMS) system as a benchmark. The developed prognostic model shows skillful performance in identifying the occurrence/nonoccurrence of precipitation (accuracy of 97%; Kappa coefficient of 0.9) and precipitation processes, with overall classification accuracy of 76% and Kappa coefficient of 0.56. Challenges exist in separating convective and tropical from other precipitation types. It is suggested to utilize probabilities instead of deterministically separating precipitation types, especially in regions with uncertain classifications.
Optimized HSIC‐based tests for sensitivity analysis: Application to thermalhydraulic simulation of accidental scenario on nuclear reactor
Authors: El Amri Mohamed Reda , Marrel Amandine 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPhysical phenomena are commonly modeled by numerical simulators. Such codes can take as input a high number of uncertain parameters and it is important to identify their influences on the outputs via a global sensitivity analysis (GSA). However, these codes can be time consuming, which prevents a GSA based on the classical Sobol' indices, requiring too many code simulations. To address this limitation, this paper focuses on the Hilbert–Schmidt independence criterion (HSIC) and proposes new goal‐oriented algorithms to optimize the permuted HSIC‐based independence tests for screening and ranking purposes. Built upon a sample of inputs/outputs of the studied simulator, the HSIC‐based tests relies on the estimation of a p‐value under independence hypothesis. These p‐values can be estimated by a permutation method whatever the sample size, but a reliable estimation based on a large number of permutations can be prohibitive in practice. To overcome this, several strategies are proposed to greedy estimate the p‐value, according to the final goal of GSA. Three sequential permuted tests are thus proposed: screening oriented, ranking oriented, and ranking‐screening oriented. These algorithms are tested and compared on analytical examples, before being applied on a thermalhydraulic use case simulating an accidental scenario on a nuclear pressurized water reactor. Their efficiency and time saving are clearly demonstrated. Moreover, a convergence study, made computationally tractable by the optimized algorithms, is carried out to assess the robustness of the results on the use case.
Mace‐Shaped Cu7S4 NW/ECF Composites for Photocatalytic Degradation of Antibiotics
Authors: Cao Xiaoman , Guan Yiyin , Hu Yuhui , Liu Wenjie , Zuo Shixiang , Yao Chao , Wu Fengqin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFirstly, Sb‐SnO2/potassium titanate (Sb‐SnO2/ KTO) was fabricated by a sol‐gel method, it was named ECF. and then Cu7S4 nanorod arrays were grown on the surface of ECF by a hydrothermal method (Cu7S4 NW/ECF).This article discusses the preparation method of Cu7S4 NW/ECF composite photocatalyst to solve the problem of degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride under visible light. It is found that Cu7S4 NW/ECF composite materials can be successfully prepared when Cu : S=1 : 1, and the Cu7S4 NW/ECF composite has stronger photocatalytic activity then others, The degradation efficiency of tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) by the composite can reach 98 % after 2 h. which is mainly attributed to the fact that Cu7S4 is a near‐infrared material, and a tight heterojunction can be formed between Cu7S4 and ECF, which expands the light response range of the material to a certain extent. At the same time, the direct Z‐type mechanism of Cu7S4 NW/ECF composite in the process of photocatalysis is proposed, which is conducive to the separation of electrons and holes. Therefore, the Cu7S4 NW/ECF composite material can effectively degrade tetracycline hydrochloride.
The Influence of UV Femtosecond Laser Pulses on Bacterial DNA Structure, as Proved by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT‐IR) Spectroscopy
Authors: Muntean Cristina M. , Ştefan Rǎzvan , Tǎbǎran Alexandra , Tripon Carmen , Bende Attila , Fǎlǎmaş Alexandra , Colobǎţiu Liora M. , Olar Loredana E. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this work, FT‐IR absorbance spectra of genomic DNAs isolated from four strains of Escherichia coli (A, B, C and D) and two strains of Salmonella (E and F), respectively, have been analyzed in both untreated and UV femtosecond laser pulses irradiated samples, to investigate their screening characteristics and their structural radiotolerance at 256 nm. Spectroscopic band assignments and structural aspects are discussed in the 600–1800 cm−1 and 3000–4000 cm−1 spectral ranges. DNA structural changes at the level of nucleic acids backbone, sugar, PO2− group, nitrogenous base ring and deoxycytidine (C2=O2) have been observed. Consequently, modifications in DNA conformations have been found. Bacterial strain dependent femtosecond laser pulses irradiation effects on DNA structure were observed. Based on FT‐IR biomarkers novel early diagnosis and screening tools for routine use in health care and life sciences can be developed. Furthermore, cancer research could benefit from ultra‐fast lasers technology. Besides, analyzing the interaction mechanisms of DNA with femtosecond laser pulses is highly appreciated for understanding the pathways of irradiation damaged DNA response in living cells.
Smartphone use after work mediates the link between organizational norm of connectivity and emotional exhaustion: Will workaholism make a difference?
Authors: Cheung Yue Lok (Francis) , Lun Miu Chi (Vivian) , Wang Hai‐Jiang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractUsing smartphone for work in off‐work hours has been associated with negative employee outcomes. We postulate that: (1) organizational norm of connectivity precedes employees' work‐related smartphone use after work, which predicts emotional exhaustion among employees; and (2) this process is moderated by employees' workaholism. We collected data from 399 full‐time employees who completed six online surveys over 3 workdays to test our hypotheses. Multilevel path analysis of these data revealed that organizational norm of connectivity was more strongly related to smartphone use after work among employees with high workaholism compared to those with low workaholism. However, smartphone use was more strongly related to emotional exhaustion among those with low workaholism compared to those with high workaholism. In total, the indirect effect of organizational norm of connectivity on emotional exhaustion through work‐related smartphone use after work was significant only for those with low workaholism. These findings highlight the role of organizational norm of connectivity and individual workaholism in the association of work‐related smartphone use after work and negative employee outcomes. We discussed the theoretical and practical implications of these findings.