bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contemporary View on Objects of Environmental Forensics
Authors: Mikhaleva Natal’ya V. 
Published: November 2021

The article reviews the concept of the object of forensic science, which is essential for expert research and the identification of classes, genera, species, and subspecies of forensic examinations, as well as their classification.The author presents the objects of environmental forensics as generic objects, gives their definition, analyzes their properties and features. It is also shown that the objects of environmental forensics are divided into the actual objects of research and samples for comparative research. Furthermore, the researcher indicates the possible instances of the intersection of studies of environmental forensics’ objects with other examinations. Finally, the author emphasizes the necessity of compliance by a forensic ecologist with the limits of his competence in such cases.
Tapping the Potential of the Molecular Genetic Expert Research of Objects of Animal Origin in the Fight against Their Illegal Trafficking
Authors: Aramilev Sergei V. , Gulevskaya Viktoriya V. , Omel’yanyuk Georgii G. , Rybakova Anna A. , Storozhenko Irina V. 
Published: November 2021

Currently, the legal framework for protecting natural resources from human assault is being developed at the international level. However, the statistical data on the sentencing of persons convicted on the territory of the Russian Federation under Articles 258 and 258.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation in 2020 given in the article indicates: the crimes causing the reduction in the number of animal populations, and as a result, the loss of biodiversity, are challenging to prove; a small number of perpetrators are brought to criminal responsibility; punishment in the form of imprisonment is imposed only in isolated cases. However, using molecular genetic research methods for the biological material of wild animals, it is possible to fill in a significant part of the missing information or obtain new evidentiary information about the circumstances of crimes, including illegal hunting. The application of the DNA barcoding method, developed in the early 2000s, makes it possible to establish the taxonomic affiliation of living organisms when it is impossible to do this by classical methods, for example, if the organism is represented by a micro-number of biological tissues, and is also at the stages of the life cycle (egg, larva, embryo) with an insufficient number of morphological features. Thus, advanced DNA technologies allow us to obtain a considerable amount of previously inaccessible information.The issue of the illegal wild animal trafficking sold as “raised in captivity” is relevant for the pet industry and zoos and has implications both for animal welfare and the preservation of the natural environment. Methods based on the DNA analysis can also be applied for solving problems related to establishing the source of origin of the animal, in some cases – its habitat. The article provides cases from expert practice of ANO “Amur Tiger” when using molecular genetic methods of wild animal analysis allowed solving investigative and judicial tasks.
From the Experience of Expert Assessment of Illegal Logging of Forest Stands
Authors: Konovalova Irina A. , Lelekova Ekaterina V. 
Published: November 2021

The article presents the results of an expert assessment of the thinning out of forest stands on the territory of the N district of the Kirov region based on field studies. Fieldwork consisted of recalculating and measuring the diameters of stumps left after felling trees, establishing their species composition and quality condition to determine the volume of harvested wood in the context of species. The stumps found were identified as pine (70 %), spruce, birch, and aspen.The authors reveal that the release forest cutting was carried out within the boundaries of the designated cutting area with an excess of the established volume of wood harvesting for the prime breed (pine). The volume of felled pinewood exceeded 2.5 times; for other species, these data is more than 70 % lower than declared. At the same time, the total actual volume of the withdrawn wood does not exceed the data of the forest declaration. Based on the revealed violation of the forest legislation and the relevant regulatory documents, the authors have calculated the amount of damage caused to the forest plantation due to illegal logging of pine wood in the volume of 297 m3. The damage amounted to more than 4 million rubles.
European Labour Law and its Challenges in Multilingual Terminology and Translation: A Case Study
Authors: Steurs Frieda , Tryczynska Katarzyna 
Published: November 2021

The translation of legal texts has become a very important activity in our modern, international societies. Globalization has created a great need for multilingual versions of all kinds of legal texts. However, both law itself and legal language and terminology have a special characteristic: they are system-bound. Every country or autonomous region sets up its own legal system, and this has far-reaching consequences not only for the drawing up and especially the translation of legal texts, but also for comparative law and international and European law.
In this article, we describe certain typical features of the terminology of labour law and expand on one particular term to show the problems in translation work. The multilingual character of European law, the need for translation and the specific wording of labour law texts in the individual member states lead to many translation problems and to legal insecurity for citizens. By analysing relevant terms in the transport sector, we discuss current research that compares concepts and terms in European, Polish, Dutch and Belgian labour law.
Vortex formation and associated aneurysmogenic transverse rotational shear stress near the apex of wide-angle cerebral bifurcations
Authors: Malek Adel M. , Hippelheuser James E. , Lauric Alexandra 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE
Aneurysm formation preferentially occurs at the site of wide-angle cerebral arterial bifurcations, which were recently shown to have a high longitudinal positive wall shear stress (WSS) gradient that promotes aneurysm formation. The authors sought to explore the other components of the hemodynamic environment that are altered with increasing bifurcation angle in the apical region and the effects of these components on WSS patterns on the vessel wall that may modulate aneurysm genesis and progression.

METHODS
Parametric models of symmetrical and asymmetrical bifurcations were created with increasing bifurcation angles (45°–240°), and 3D rotational angiography models of 13 middle cerebral artery (MCA) bifurcations (7 aneurysmal, 6 controls) were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics. For aneurysmal bifurcations, the aneurysm was digitally removed to uncover hemodynamics at the apex. WSS vectors along cross-sectional planes distal to the bifurcation apex were decomposed as orthogonal projections to the cut plane into longitudinal and transverse (tangential to the cross-sectional plane) components. Transverse rotational WSS (TRWSS) and TRWSS gradients (TRWSSGs) were sampled and evaluated at the apex and immediately distal from the apex.

RESULTS
In parametric models, increased bifurcation angle was associated with transverse flow vortex formation with emergence of an associated apical high TRWSS with highly aneurysmogenic positive TRWSSGs. While TRWSS decayed rapidly away from the apex in narrow-angle bifurcations, it remained greatly elevated for many radii downstream in aneurysm-prone wider bifurcations. In asymmetrical bifurcations, TRWSS was higher on the aneurysm-prone daughter vessel associated with the wider angle. Patient-derived models with aneurysmal bifurcations had wider angles (149.33° ± 12.56° vs 98.17° ± 8.67°, p < 0.001), with significantly higher maximum TRWSS (1.37 ± 0.67 vs 0.48 ± 0.23 Pa, p = 0.01) and TRWSSG (1.78 ± 0.92 vs 0.76 ± 0.50 Pa/mm, p = 0.03) compared to control nonaneurysmal bifurcations.

CONCLUSIONS
Wider vascular bifurcations are associated with a novel and to the authors’ knowledge previously undescribed transverse component rotational wall shear stress associated with a positive (aneurysmogenic) spatial gradient. The resulting hemodynamic insult, demonstrated in both parametric models and patient-based anatomy, is noted to decay rapidly away from the protection of the medial pad in healthy narrow-angle bifurcations but remain elevated distally downstream of wide-angle aneurysm-prone bifurcations. This TRWSS serves as a new contribution to the hemodynamic environment favoring aneurysm formation and progression at wide cerebral bifurcations and may have clinical implications favoring interventions that reduce bifurcation angle.
Follow-up imaging of clipped intracranial aneurysms with 3-T MRI: comparison between 3D time-of-flight MR angiography and pointwise encoding time reduction with radial acquisition subtraction-based MR angiography
Authors: Kim Jae Ho , Ahn Sung Jun , Park Mina , Kim Yong Bae , Joo Bio , Lee Woosung , Suh Sang Hyun 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE
Metallic susceptibility artifact due to implanted clips is a major limitation of using 3D time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA) for follow-up imaging of clipped aneurysms (CAs). The purpose of this study was to compare pointwise encoding time reduction with radial acquisition (PETRA) subtraction-based MRA with TOF-MRA in terms of imaging quality and visibility of clip-adjacent arteries for use in follow-up imaging of CAs.

METHODS
Sixty-two patients with 73 CAs were included retrospectively in this comparative study. All patients underwent PETRA-MRA after TOF-MRA performed simultaneously with 3-T MRI between September 2019 and March 2020. Two neuroradiologists independently compared images obtained with both MRA modalities to evaluate overall image quality using a 4-point scale and visibility of the parent artery and branching vessels near the clips using a 3-point scale. Subgroup analysis was performed according to the number of clips (less-clipped [1–2 clips] vs more-clipped [≥ 3 clips] aneurysms). The ability to detect aneurysm recurrence was also assessed.

RESULTS
Compared with TOF-MRA, PETRA-MRA showed acceptable image quality (score of 3.97 ± 0.18 for TOF-MRA vs 3.73 ± 0.53 for PETRA-MRA) and had greater visibility of the adjacent vessels near the CAs (score of 1.25 ± 0.59 for TOF-MRA vs 2.27 ± 0.75 for PETRA-MRA, p < 0.0001). PETRA-MRA had greater visibility of vessels adjacent to less-clipped aneurysms (score of 2.39 ± 0.75 for less-clipped aneurysms vs 2.09 ± 0.72 for more-clipped aneurysms, p = 0.014). Of 73 CAs, aneurysm recurrence in 4 cases was detected using PETRA-MRA.

CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrated that PETRA-MRA is superior to TOF-MRA for visualizing adjacent vessels near clips and can be an advantageous alternative to TOF-MRA for follow-up imaging of CAs.
PENCANTUMAN KOMPOSISI BAHAN PADA LABEL MAKANAN KEMASAN SEBAGAI HAK HUKUM DI KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Riantika Pratiwi  
Published: November 2021

Pelabelan produk makanan kemasan diatur dalam Undang-Undang Pangan, Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen, dan Peraturan Pemerintah tentang Label dan Iklan Pangan. Meskipun telah ada peraturan, namun masih ditemukan label yang tidak mencantumkan informasi lengkap di Kota Pekanbaru. Penelitian ini bersifat hukum sosiologis, yaitu memperoleh data langsung ke lapangan dengan melakukan observasi dan wawancara. Tujuan penelitian menganalisis pelaksanaan pelabelan dan menemukan solusi terhadap hambatan dalam pelaksanaan pelabelan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa banyak ditemukan makanan hasil produk industri rumah tangga yang tidak mencantumkan komposisi bahan pada label kemasan. Hal ini tentu saja merugikan konsumen terhadap hak atas keamanan produk. Hambatan terjadi karena pelaku usaha tidak mengetahui peraturan tentang label dan tidak mendapat sosialisasi. Pemerintah Kota Pekanbaru perlu melakukan pengawasan terhadap pencantuman komposisi bahan pada label dan melakukan pembinaan kepada pelaku usaha mengenai pelaksanaan pelabelan sesuai peraturan Perundang-Undangan
Діагностичне значення катетеризації правих відділів серця та легеневої артерії у хворих з підозрою на легеневу гіпертензію Частина 2. Інвазивне дослідження показників гемодинаміки та транспорту кисню
Authors: Sirenko Yu. M. , Zhyvylo I. O. , Radchenko G. D. , Botsiuk Yu. A. 
Published: November 2021

The aim – evaluate the parameters of pulmonary and systemic hemodynamics obtained in patients with various forms of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) in Ukraine.Materials and methods. The study included 195 patients: IPAH was in 68 patients; PAH associated with connective tissue diseases (CTD) – in 21 patients; PAH associated with HIV infection – in 4 patients; PAH associated with portal hypertension (PH) – in 4 patients; PAH associated with congenital heart disease – in 25 patients; CTEPH – in 51 patients, pulmonary hypertension (PH) associated with left heart disease (LHC) – in 5 patients and 17 patients who were excluded from the diagnosis of PH. From 2014 to 2019, these patients underwent 220 procedures of right heart catheterization (RHC) in accordance with current European Guidelines. Also, all patients underwent echocardiographic examination and determined the gas composition of blood and indicators of acid-base balance using the ABL 735 analyzer, calculated the parameters of the affinity of hemoglobin to oxygen (p50).Results and discussion. The lowest level of arterial blood oxygen saturation was in the group of patients with PH due to LHD – 88.9 % (p<0.05); in other groups it averaged 94–97 %. The oxygen content in arterial blood was the lowest in the group of patients with PH due to LHD – 15.7 ml/L (p<0.05); in other groups this indicator was equal to 17.4–18.7 ml/L. The lowest oxygen saturation of mixed venous blood (SvO2) was in the PAH group associated with HIV – 58 % (p<0.05), and close to critical (< 65 %) SvO2 level was observed in the IPAH group – 66.3 %. CTEPH – 66.0 %. The highest level of this indicator was in the PAH group associated with portal hypertension – 81.1 %. The arterio-venous difference was highest in the PAH associated with HIV group – 5.6 ml/L, and the smallest in the PAH associated with PH group – 2 ml/L. On the other hand, the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve was almost normal in all groups, except for the group of patients with PAH associated with portal hypertension.Conclusions. The most severe disorders of hemodynamics and oxygen transport were observed in the group of PAH patients associated with HIV compared with other forms of PAH and CTEPH. The IPAH and CTEPH groups were similar in terms of hemodynamics, despite a different pathophysiological mechanism. In the group of patients with PAH associated with CTD, the results of the RHC were slightly better than in the group of patients with IPAH, reflecting that the hemodynamic component is not the leading one for prognosis in these patients. Also, the performance of the right ventricle was significantly higher in patients with PAH compared with the group without PH.
Accuracy of Cell-Free DNA (cfDNA) in Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis
Authors: Sya’roni Anjab Akmal , Suyata  , Imam Supriyanto  , Vidi Orba Busro  , Ayus Astoni  , Mediarty Shahrir  , Taufik Indrajaya  , Erial Bahar  
Published: November 2021

Background: The requirement for malaria elimination to be recognized is to prove Background. Colorectal cancer is the third most common type of cancer following lung and breast cancer with the second most common cause of cancer-related death globally. Delayed diagnosis due to limited source and modality to perform early diagnosis lead to advanced-stage condition which contributes to higher morbidities and mortalities. Recent diagnosis of colorectal cancer depends on biopsy of suspected tissues, either obtained surgically or per colonoscopy. Colorectal cancer detection through cell-free DNA measurement allowing small-size cancer being detected even in early stage. cfDNA originated from derivates of increased and abnormality apoptosis-necrosis pathway from cancer lesion, therefore can be managed as specific tumor marker.
Methods: Diagnostic test was performed at the Gastroentero Hepatology Outpatient Unit and Internal Medicine Inpatient Unit of Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang from March to June 2021. Data processing and analysis using SPSS version 26.0 for Windows.
Results: Among 50 subjects included, 39 subjects (78%) are diagnosed with colorectal cancer, whereas 11 subjects (22%) as control. The median of cfDNA result is 59,71 ng/mL with 92,3% sensitivity, 90,9% specificity, 95,2% positive predictive value, 82,3% negative predictive value, and 92,4% accuracy rate. Combination the measurement of cfDNA, CEA, and CA19-9 appears to have better AUC instead of single measurement.
Conclusion: The study reveals that cell-free DNA (cfDNA) demonstrated a very promising accuracy rate in diagnosing colorectal cancer.
As complicações enfrentadas pelos pacientes diabéticos no processo de cicatrização: uma revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Gomes Maurício Ferreira , Igreja Silvia Priscila Marques , Cardoso Silvia da Silva Rodrigues , Vale Isan Trindade , Bastos Aline Costa , Santos Gabriel Cardoso de Queiroz , Quemel Gleicy Kelly China , Oliveira Nayara Cristina Lima de , Bastos Gilmara de Nazareth Tavares , Khayat André Salim 
Published: November 2021

Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa bibliográfica, cujo tema é as complicações enfrentadas pelos pacientes diabéticos no processo de cicatrização: uma abordagem farmacêutica. A presente revisão da literatura utilizou como base dados da Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval Sistem on-line (Medline), a Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Google Scholar e os dados da PUBMED. O diabetes Mellitus apresenta alta incidência na população mundial sendo uma doença metabólica crônica, dividida em diabetes tipo 1 e tipo 2, sendo o mais incidente na população o diabetes tipo 2 que representa uma disfunção na atividade da insulina (hormônio pancreático), ambas caracterizadas por elevação do nível glicêmico nos pacientes. Tal alteração patológica pode trazer serias complicações ao paciente diabético, em destaque as complicações no reparo de lesões teciduais. A importância da abordagem em pacientes portadores de diabetes mellitus se faz devido ao grande índice da população que é diagnosticada e/ou tem pré-disposição a desenvolver essa síndrome metabólica. A aplicação de terapias adequadas demonstra-se como grande ponto de atenção para o sucesso das terapias, sendo as plantas medicinais e os seus metabólitos ativos de grande valor para sucesso na terapia de lesões em diabéticos. Baseado nisso, os diversos autores descritos no estudo ressaltam as possibilidades terapêuticas, inseridos na prática clínica e levantam as possiblidades de produtos farmacêuticos que podem ser utilizados no tratamento de lesões em diabéticos. Por fim, concluímos que é de suma importância uma continuidade de estudos para melhor compreensão da temática para buscar minimizar assim complicações associadas a cicatrização nos diabéticos.
Evidências científicas acerca do esteviosídeo no controle do Diabetes mellitus tipo 2: uma revisão
Authors: Silva Lílian Pereira e , Bezerra Keila Cristiane Batista , Landim Liejy Agnes dos Santos Raposo 
Published: November 2021

O objetivo desse estudo foi fazer uma busca de evidências científicas para avaliar o uso e ação do esteviosídeo em pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo2. Trata-se de uma de revisão integrativa da literatura, as fontes de busca foram às bases de dados: Scielo, PubMed, LILACS e Google Acadêmico. Para a seleção da amostra foi estabelecido critérios de artigos originais indexados de 2017 a 2021, a escolha deste período atendeu ao critério de temporalidade, em que foi considerado o recorte de cinco anos, por se tratar de publicações mais atuais, na língua inglesa e portuguesa. Nos estudos examinados evidenciou-se que o esteviosídeo se apresenta como um composto glicosídico com elevada doçura, baixo valor calórico, inclui a interação à glimeripedina e metformina, o que potencializa a redução glicêmica por meio de ações antioxidantes e melhora do perfil lipídico. Ressalta-se ainda sua ação na diminuição dos níveis de glicose e colesterol total, prevenção do dano oxidativo e melhora da função hepática e renal, como também reduz os danos dos órgãos internos fazendo a remoção tecidual de colágeno e contribuindo para o funcionamento normal cardíaco. Também demonstra resultados positivos na saciedade contribuindo para retardo do esvaziamento gástrico e sendo útil no tratamento da obesidade atuando na inibição da absorção de glicose. Dessa forma, conclui-se que o esteviosídeo tem ação preventiva e metabólica, além de fomentar estudos pré-clínicos e experimentais, culminando em efeitos não calóricos, antidiabéticos e anti-hiperglicêmicos, apresentando qualidade sensorial, terapêutica e nutricional.
Avaliação da viabilidade espermática de sêmen caprino criopreservado em meio ACP-101c e TRIS acrescido de gema de ovo de Numida meleagris
Authors: Macêdo Laércio Fontinele Bandeira de , Teixeira Letícia Soares de Araújo , Nascimento Wcleuden Matias , Braga Clarissa de Castro e , Porfírio Kenney de Paiva , Silva Francisca Kelly dos Santos , Costa Sara Camila da Silveira , Silva Louis Henrique Miyauchi , Vieira Rômulo José , Salgueiro Cristiane Clemente de Mello , Nunes José Ferreira , Bandeira Nildene Silva Andradre , Amaral Fabrício Pires de Moura do , Bezerra Barradas Mineiro Ana Lys , Cardoso Janaina de Fátima Saraiva , Paula Ney Rômulo de Oliveira 
Published: November 2021

Um meio diluente ideal para a criopreservação seminal deve suprir as células espermáticas com energia, proteção e manutenção de um ambiente adequado à sua sobrevivência. Objetivou-se avaliar a integridade in vitro do sêmen caprino criopreservado em meio ACP-101c® associado à gema de ovo de Numida meleagris, por meio de duas técnicas de análise individual da célula espermática. Foram colhidos 15 ejaculados de cinco caprinos, com auxílio de uma vagina artificial. Os ejaculados foram reunidos em um pool, e dividido em 12 grupos, sendo dois grupos controles: GC1 TRIS, com adição 2,5% da gema de ovo de Gallus gallus domesticus GOGD, GC2 ACP-101c®, com adição 2,5% da gema de ovo de Gallus gallus domesticus GOGD e dez grupos experimentais GE, contendo a adição da gema de ovo de Numida meleagris. Seguidamente, as alíquotas foram envasadas em palhetas francesas de 0,25 mL e congeladas com auxílio do aparelho TK3000® e armazenadas em nitrogênio líquido. Amostras foram descongeladas após sete dias e avaliadas quanto à integridade do DNA e quanto a sua ultraestrutura individual, por meio do teste cometa e microscopia eletrônica de transmissão, respectivamente. Nos resultados obtidos pelo teste cometa, não foi evidenciado diferença estatística quanto ao comprimento da cauda, entre os grupos TRIS acrescido de GONM, nas concentrações de 2,5%, 5% e 10% em relação ao grupo controle TRIS 2,5% de GOGD. Também não houve diferença estatística quanto ao percentual de fragmentação de DNA na cauda, nos grupos TRIS com 2,5%; 5%; e 20% de GONM em comparação ao grupo controle TRIS 2,5% GOGD (P>0,05). Os grupos ACP® com 10%, 15% e 20% de GONM apresentaram maior comprimento de cauda quando comparados aos grupos ACP com 2,5% e 5% de GONM e grupo controle (ACP® 2,5% de GOGD). Na análise ultraestrutural o grupo ACP® com 10% de GONM, destacou-se com melhor integridade celular frente aos demais grupos, inclusive, frente às amostras avaliadas do grupo controle. Dessa forma, conclui-se que a gema de ovo de Numida meleagris, como crioprotetor externo de membrana, acrescida aos diluentes ACP-101c® ou TRIS, pode reduzir os danos causados durante o processo de criopreservação do sêmen caprino.