bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Working with social withdrawal, or hikikomori, in Japan: From shame to pride
Authors: Iwakabe Shigeru 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe term hikikomori, or social withdrawal, was first coined in the late 1980s in Japan to describe adolescents and young adults who isolated themselves at home, withdrew from most social engagement, such as work or school, and had almost no relationships with others (except family members and online contacts) for longer than 6 months. Hikikomori often results from emotional injuries such as rejection, or failures that have not been addressed or even noticed. In the current case illustration, the problem of hikikomori is depicted through a client named Ken, a 40‐year‐old single man who, following graduation from university, became lodged in a 15‐year cycle of repeatedly finding employment, quitting within the first year, and going into reclusive isolation. Ken underwent affect‐oriented integrative psychotherapy for 4 years. The importance of processing emotional pain and highlighting positive emotional experiences to build a positive sense of self in working with hikikomori will also be discussed.
Reg4 regulates pancreatic regeneration following pancreatitis via modulating the Notch signaling
Authors: Dai Juanjuan , He Yan , Jiang Mingjie , Niu Mengya , Li Bin , Wu Zengkai , Bao Jingpiao , Wen Li , Wang Xingpeng , Hu Guoyong 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPancreatic regeneration after acute pancreatitis is critical in the normal restoration of pancreatic exocrine function, the inhibition of which can cause severe complications including pancreatic exocrine insufficiency. However, the regulators of pancreatic regeneration and the underlying mechanisms remain uncovered. Here, using the inducible Tet‐on system, we found that regenerating family member 4 (Reg4) knockdown significantly impaired pancreatic regeneration after pancreatitis. Both acinar‐to‐ductal metaplasia and the resolution of pancreatitis during regeneration were affected by Reg4 knockdown. Further investigations confirmed that Reg4 exerted its function through regulating Notch activation both in vitro and in vivo. Our study revealed Reg4 as a new regulator and potential therapeutic target for pancreatic regeneration.
Visualization of Sox10‐positive chromatoblasts by GFP fluorescence in flounder larvae and juveniles using electroporation
Authors: Miyake Minato , Sekine Michiharu , Suzuki Tohru , Yokoi Hayato 
Published: April 2021

AbstractJapanese flounder are left–right asymmetrical, with features, such as dark, ocular‐side specific pigmentation. This pigmentation arises during metamorphic stages, along with the asymmetric differentiation of adult‐type chromatophores. Additionally, among juveniles, tank‐reared specimens commonly show ectopic pigmentation on their blind sides. In both cases, neural crest‐derived Sox10‐positive progenitor cells at the dorsal fin base are hypothesized to contribute to chromatophore development. Here, we developed a method to visualize Sox10‐positive cells via green fluorescent protein (GFP) fluorescence to directly monitor their migration and differentiation into chromatophores in vivo. Electroporation was applied to introduce GFP reporter vectors into the dorsal fin base of larvae and juveniles. Cre‐loxP system vectors were also tested to enable cell labeling even after a decrease in sox10 expression levels. In larvae, undifferentiated Sox10‐positive progenitor cells were labeled in the dorsal fin base, whereas newly differentiated adult‐type chromatophores were seen dispersed on the ocular side. In juveniles, Sox10‐positive cells were identified in the connective tissue of the dorsal fin base and observed prominently in areas of ectopic pigmentation, including several labeled melanophores. Thus, it was suggested that during metamorphic stages, Sox10‐positive cells at the dorsal fin base contribute to adult‐type chromatophore development, whereas in juveniles, they persist as precursors in the connective tissue, which in response to stimuli migrate to generate ectopic pigmentation. These findings contribute to elucidating pigmentation mechanisms, as well as abnormalities seen in hatchery‐reared flounders. The electroporation method may be adapted to diverse animals as an accessible gene transfer method in various research fields, including developmental and biomedical studies.
Combination of enteral and parenteral nutrition in the acute phase of critical illness: An updated systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Hill Aileen , Heyland Daren K. , Ortiz Reyes Luis A. , Laaf Elena , Wendt Sebastian , Elke Gunnar , Stoppe Christian 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundUncertainty remains about the best route and timing of medical nutrition therapy in the acute phase of critical illness. Early combined enteral nutrition (EN) and parenteral nutrition (PN) may represent an attractive option to achieve recommended energy and protein goals in select patient groups. This meta‐analysis aims to update and summarize the current evidence.MethodsThis systematic review and meta‐analysis includes randomized controlled trials (RCTs) targeting the effect of EN alone vs a combination of EN with PN in the acute phase of critical illness in adult patients. Assessed outcomes include mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital length of stay (LOS), ventilation days, infectious complications, physical recovery, and quality‐of‐life outcomes.ResultsTwelve RCTs with 5543 patients were included. Treatment with a combination of EN with PN led to increased delivery of macronutrients. No statistically significant effect of a combination of EN with PN vs EN alone on any of the parameters was observed: mortality (risk ratio = 1.0; 95% CI, 0.79–1.28; P = .99), hospital LOS (mean difference, −1.44; CI, −5.59 to 2.71; P = .50), ICU LOS, and ventilation days. Trends toward improved physical outcomes were observed in two of four trials.ConclusionA combination of EN with PN improved nutrition intake in the acute phase of critical illness in adults and was not inferior regarding the patients’ outcomes. Large, adequately designed trials in select patient groups are needed to answer the question of whether this nutrition strategy has a clinically relevant treatment effect.
Characterization of ‘Olivastro di Bucchianico cv’ extra virgin olive oils and its recognition by HS‐GC‐IMS
Authors: Di Serio Maria Gabriella , Giansante Lucia , Del Re Paolo , Pollastri Luciano , Panni Filippo , Valli Enrico , Di Giacinto Luciana 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDSingle cultivar ‘Olivastro di Bucchianico’ extra virgin olive oil is obtained from olives cultivated in a narrow area of the Abruzzo region, Italy. This cultivar is mostly present in the municipality of Bucchianico and in some neighbouring municipalities in the province of Chieti. There is very little research in the literature describing the morphological and chemical characteristics of this cultivar.RESULTSA morphological characterization of the plant and the fruit was carried out. In addition, we characterized the chemical, physical‐chemical and sensory properties of the extra virgin olive oil. The following analyses were conducted: free acidity, peroxide value, ultraviolet spectrophotometric indices, contents in fatty acid ethyl esters, waxes, tocopherols, fatty acids, triglycerides, sterols, alcohols, phenolic substances, volatile compounds and sensory profile. The analysis of the volatile compounds was performed using a headspace‐gas chromatography‐ion mobility spectrometry (HS‐GC‐IMS) instrument connected to a nitrogen generator for carrier/drift gas production.CONCLUSIONThe results of the chemical analyses showed good levels of nutraceutical components in the oils, which were found to be organoleptically well balanced with medium values of fruity, bitter and pungent. The HS‐GC‐IMS method based on the analysis of 15 volatile molecules might be a useful tool for a chemometric discrimination of the varietal origin for the oils under investigation. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
The rapid, mass invasion of New Zealand by North American Daphnia “pulex”
Authors: Ye Zhiqiang , Williams Emily , Zhao Chaoxian , Burns Carolyn W. , Lynch Michael 
Published: April 2021

AbstractNonindigenous members of the Daphnia pulex complex have been found in many lakes in New Zealand (NZ) in the past 20 years, suggesting a recent invasion. However, very little is known about the precise phylogenetic origin of invasive Daphnia, whether each lake is invaded by a single clone or multiple clones, the lineage of the invasive clones, and whether they are obligately asexual clones. Furthermore, the source and time of arrival of the invasive genotype(s) are unclear. We address these questions by genomic sequencing of Daphnia populations from 13 lakes in the South Island and 1 lake in the North Island, NZ. All biallelic sites in these NZ populations have similar numbers of reads for the two parental alleles, suggesting each NZ population originates from a single asexual clone. Based on 25,643 monomorphic lineage‐specific markers, the invasive Daphnia in the South Island were found to be Daphnia pulicaria Forbes, while those in the North Island are hybrids of D. pulicaria Forbes and D. cf. pulex sensu Hebert. Both the South and North Island Daphnia are phylogenetically clustered with North American Daphnia, thereby suggesting their North American origins. We found also that all South Island clones contain identical mitochondrial genomes, suggesting the origin and proliferation from a single founder clone, which we experimentally verified to be an obligate asexual. Estimates from molecular data imply a colonization time for the South Island clones of ~ 60 years ago, with a likely invasion route associated with the introduction of salmonids from North America.
The role of brand in overcoming consumer resistance to autonomous vehicles
Authors: Casidy Riza , Claudy Marius , Heidenreich Sven , Camurdan Efe 
Published: April 2021

AbstractConsumer resistance is a major barrier to diffusing radical innovation into mainstream markets. While recent studies have highlighted the influence that brands might have on innovation adoption decisions, surprisingly little is understood about the role of brands in overcoming consumer resistance to radical innovation such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology. To address this, we investigate consumer resistance to AI‐powered technology in the context of autonomous vehicles. Specifically, this study builds on the self‐brand connection and brand concept literature to examine: (1) the mechanism through which self‐brand connection influences radical innovation adoption by mitigating consumer resistance; (2) how this mechanism is moderated by the brand concept (conservation vs. openness); and (3) how brands can effectively overcome consumer resistance through marketing communications. By means of three empirical studies, we find that self‐brand connections are positively associated with intentions to adopt radical innovation and that this effect is mediated by reduced risk barriers (Study 1). We further demonstrate that the influence of self‐brand connection is much lower for conservation brands than for openness brands (Study 2). Finally, we show that conservation brands can leverage consumers' self‐brand connection when they effectively enhance their innovation capabilities through marketing communications (Study 3).
Revising nerve conduction reference limits
Authors: Nandedkar Sanjeev D. , Mansukhani Khushnuma , More Nandini , Sharma Alika , Chavan Priyanka 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIntroduction/AimsOur electrodiagnostic laboratory uses reference limits (RL) that have been handed down for four decades. With changes in instrumentation and technique, we wish to know if our RL should be modified. It is also useful to have RL based on patient demographics.MethodsLatency and velocity data from motor nerve conduction studies of 740 adult patients studied over an 8 mo period were tabulated. RL were derived using both extrapolated reference value (ERef) and multi‐variable extrapolated reference value (MeRef) methods.ResultsDistal latency values showed a significant but weak correlation with age and/or height. ERef limits for the median and ulnar nerve latency (3.96 and 3.45 ms, respectively) were very similar to current laboratory limits (3.9 and 3.3 ms, respectively). ERef limits for the tibial and fibular nerve latency (5.1 and 4.95 ms, respectively) were slightly shorter. Ulnar velocity did not depend on age or height. The ERef limit was the same as our present laboratory limit (50 m/s). Median and tibial velocity limits decreased with age (R2 > 0.25). Fibular motor nerve conduction limits decreased with age and height (R2 = 0.39).DiscussionERef and MeRef were useful to validate and revise our latency and velocity RL. We will use ERef limits for tibial and fibular latency. MeRef generated linear regression equations based on age and/or height will be used for conduction velocity analysis of median, fibular, and tibial nerves. This will increase the specificity of our values.
Erythrocyte T‐antigen activation in children: Patient characteristics and the hemolytic risk of transfusion
Authors: Jacquot Cyril , Pary Philippe P. , Babu Varshini , Belay Ezana , Mo Yunchuan D. , Webb Jennifer L. , Luban Naomi L. C. , Delaney Meghan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundT‐antigen activation usually occurs upon red blood cell (RBC) membrane cryptantigen exposure due to bacterial enzymes. Although uncommon, the condition is probably underrecognized. There is concern about hemolysis after plasma and plasma‐containing platelet transfusions due to naturally occurring anti‐T antibody in healthy blood donors. However, experts have debated the extent and severity of clinical hemolysis due to anti‐T.ProcedureWe retrospectively identified patients who tested positive for polyagglutination with Arachis hypogea and Glycine max lectins from 2008 to 2019. The records of the patients were reviewed to determine clinical symptoms, laboratory evidence of hemolysis, need for transfusion, and clinical outcomes.ResultsTen patients were identified. At diagnosis, all were anemic and four had thrombocytopenia. Severe Streptococcus pneumoniae infection affected seven patients; one died. Seven of 10 patients (70%) had laboratory evidence of hemolysis. Peripheral blood smear findings in six patients included RBC agglutination and changes suggesting hemolysis (spherocytes and schistocytes), but three had unremarkable RBC morphology. Four patients required plasma or platelet transfusions; all survived to discharge.ConclusionsT‐antigen activation is a rare entity. Most patients diagnosed at our hospital had hemolytic anemia and severe pneumococcal infection. Hemoglobin decreased after plasma and platelet transfusions in all patients assessed, but these transfusions were necessary to support treatment. RBCs were given to maintain appropriate hemoglobin levels.
Deafness enhances perceptual span size in Chinese reading: Evidence from a gaze‐contingent moving‐window paradigm
Authors: Liu Zhi Fang , Chen Chao Yang , Tong Wen , Su Yong Qiang 
Published: April 2021

AbstractUsing a gaze‐contingent moving‐window paradigm, we investigated whether/how deafness affects perceptual processing in Chinese reading. Besides the manipulation of window size, word length of sentences used in the experiment was also manipulated to check whether deafness enhanced the word length effect on perceptual span. Significant interactions of window constraints and deafness and a three‐way interaction were observed on reading rate. Smaller effects of window constraints for deaf Chinese readers and nonreliable three‐way interactions were observed on forward saccade length. This suggests that deaf Chinese readers exhibit a larger perceptual span, and word length affected the span from which information was acquired for comprehension whereas both deafness and word length might have little impact on the span from which information is acquired for oculomotor targeting during natural reading of Chinese.
High‐frequency oscillatory ventilation in children: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Junqueira Fernanda M. D. , Nadal José A. H. , Brandão Marcelo B. , Nogueira Roberto J. N. , de Souza Tiago H. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundHigh‐frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) is an alternative mechanical ventilation mode proposed to reduce ventilator‐induced lung injuries and improve clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of HFOV compared to conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) when used in children with hypoxemic respiratory failure.MethodsThe literature search was conducted to identify all studies published before December 2020. Eligible studies included a population aged between 28 days and 18 years old, presented original data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or observational studies, compared the use of HFOV with CMV. Meta‐analyses of the pooled data were performed by using random‐effects models with inverse‐variance weighting.ResultsA total of 11 studies (2605 cases) were included, most of them evaluating patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. The mean age of participants was 8.2 months and the mean oxygenation index of those included in the RCTs was 24.4. The effect of HFOV on mortality was not significant, and clinically significant harm or benefit could not be excluded (risk ratio [RR], 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.72 to 1.20). No significant difference between groups was found in duration of mechanical ventilation (−2.23; 95% CI, −5.07 to 0.61), treatment failure (RR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.08 to 1.02), and occurrence of barotrauma (RR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.39 to 1.99).ConclusionThe scarce evidence currently available does not allow us to conclude that HFOV has advantages over CMV and further studies are needed to clarify its role in the treatment of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure in children.
On the multivariate progressive control chart for effective monitoring of covariance matrix
Authors: Ajadi Jimoh Olawale , Hung Kevin , Riaz Muhammad , Ajadi Nurudeen Ayobami , Mahmood Tahir 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWith the development of modern acquisition techniques, data with several correlated quality characteristics are increasingly accessible. Thus, multivariate control charts can be employed to detect changes in the process. This study proposes two multivariate control charts for monitoring process variability (MPVC) using a progressive approach. First, when the process parameters are known, the performance of the MPVC charts is compared with some multivariate dispersion schemes. The results showed that the proposed MPVC charts outperform their counterparts irrespective of the shifts in the process dispersion. The effects of the Phase I estimated covariance matrix on the efficiency of the MPVC charts were also evaluated. The performances of the proposed methods and their counterparts are evaluated by calculating some useful run length properties. An application of the proposed chart is also considered for the monitoring of a carbon fiber tubing process.
Peculiarities of Cross‐Linking Degree Determination for the Starches of Different Botanical Origin
Authors: Almonaityte Karolina , Cizauskaite Greta , Bendoraitiene Joana , Peciulyte Laura , Rutkaite Ramune 
Published: April 2021

AbstractStarches of different botanical origin, namely potato, wheat, and corn are cross‐linked with epichlorohydrin (EPI) at cross‐linking agent to starch molar ratios of 0.0005:1, 0.0017:1, 0.0055:1, and 0.01:1. The degree of cross‐linking is evaluated by determining the solubility in aqueous 1 m KOH solution and assessing pasting properties of aqueous starch suspensions. It is found that the size of starch microgranules affects the degree of cross‐linking and the smaller the granules are, the more cross‐linking agent is required to achieve the same solubility or viscosity characteristics. The assessment of two methods reveals that solubility in alkali solution method can be used when determining the degree of cross‐linking of starch in a wide range, meanwhile, a viscoamylography approach is only suitable when the amount of EPI in the modification reaction is increased to 0.01 mol per mole of starch. The peculiarities of both methods are discussed and may be useful when determining the degree of cross‐linking of different starches with potential application as thickeners or sorbents.
Fostering communities of practice for improved food democracy: Experiences and learning from South Africa
Authors: Adelle Camilla , Kroll Florian , Losch Bruno , Görgens Tristan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe highly concentrated formal agri‐food sector holds enormous power in the governance of the food system in South Africa. Yet the concept of food democracy holds that all people should have an equal opportunity to participate in (re)shaping their food system. To contribute to decision making, however, stakeholders not only need access to knowledge about the food system, but should also be able to inform what is considered relevant knowledge. Communities of practice—groups of people who share a common interest or concern and who deepen their knowledge and expertise in this area by interacting on an ongoing basis—provide novel spaces for stakeholder involvement in food governance. This article sets out the process of establishing and maintaining a community of (food) practice in the Western Cape province of South Africa. Through participant observation, analysis of unpublished documents, as well as in depth interviews, the core elements of the community of practice are charted over its 3 yr history. The article demonstrates the informal and evolving nature of communities of practice as social learning structures that can gain credibility and potentially develop into more formal democratic institutions over.
Decision Analytics for Initial Public Offerings: How Filing Sentiment Influences Stock Market Returns
Authors: Krinitz Jonas , Neumann Dirk 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCompanies issuing stocks through an initial public offering (IPO) are obligated to publish relevant information as part of a prospectus. Besides quantitative figures from accounting, this document also contains qualitative information in the form of text. In this chapter, we analyze how sentiment in the prospectus influences future stock returns. In addition, we investigate the impact of pre-IPO sentiment in financial announcements on first-day returns. The results of our empirical analyses using 572 IPOs from US companies suggest a negative link between words linked to uncertainty and future stock market returns for up to 10 trading days. Conversely, we find that uncertainty expressed in pre-IPO announcements is positively linked to first-day stock returns. These insights have implications for research on IPOs by demonstrating that future stock returns are also driven by textual information from the prospectus and assist investors in placing their orders.
Can Immersive Systems Help Address Sustainability Goals? Insights from Research in Information Systems
Authors: Pfeiffer Jella , Fegert Jonas , Greif-Winzrieth Anke , Hoffmann Greta , Peukert Christian 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSeveral developments in recent years have highlighted the urgent need for an increase in sustainable behavior. In an effort to systematically achieve global human well-being and create a more sustainable and equal world by 2030, the United Nations passed the Sustainable Development Goals in 2015. In this chapter, we discuss several different approaches for Information Systems (IS) to contribute to these goals. We present ideas and first results from different research approaches in which we analyze how immersive systems, in particular, are capable of addressing challenges regarding awareness, motivation, information transfer, and educating citizens to act in a sustainable manner. We conclude that the main features of immersive systems are particularly suited to approach challenges related to sustainable behavior and attitude change. With this chapter, we hope to inspire further research efforts on how IS can make a contribution to a more sustainable world.