bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Summary of Reliability Analysis Methods of Remote Tower System
Authors: Pan Weijun , Luo Yuming , Han Shuai , Zhong Linfeng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The remote tower technology can provide remote control services for small airports in remote areas with low passenger and cargo throughput[2].In the 1990s, European and American countries began the research and development of remote towers. In 2015, Sweden’s Sundsval Airport approved the use of remote tower operations. In 2019, China Xinjiang Airport Group started the remote tower pilot construction. As a new thing, the remote tower system is different from the traditional tower, and its safety and reliability have not been systematically studied in China. This article introduces several methods that can be used to analyze the reliability of the remote tower system in detail. These methods are analyzed and compared. Finally, this article summarizes the methods applicable to the reliability analysis of China’s remote tower system.
Research and Application of Light Combined Composite Material Holding Pole
Authors: Ge Zhaojun , Su Zhaohui , Jia Ning , Zheng Fawei , Zhou Dayan , Liu Qiang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Suspension spanning frame is widely used in the construction of newly constructed overhead transmission lines, and plays an important role in protecting the safety of the objects being crossed. The temporary beam of the suspension cable-type span is installed on the transmission tower, and the impact load in the event of an accident will be transmitted to the transmission tower through the temporary beam.Therefore,the installation of temporary beams will have an important impact on the safety of transmission towers. This paper analyzes the typical installation method of the suspension cable spanning frame on the transmission tower, discusses the dynamic simulation method of the suspension cable spanning frame and the transmission tower under the impact of the conductor, selects a 500kV transmission line crossing project to carry out the wire breakage Analysis of the impact of the lower impact load on the transmission tower. The results show that the wrong installation method will have a significant adverse effect on the safety of the transmission tower. Based on the analysis results, suggestions for the installation of temporary beams were proposed, which provided a reference for the suspension construction of the suspension bridge.
Spatial-temporal Variation of Precipitation Concentration Degree and Precipitation Concentration Period in Gansu Province in Recent 50 Years
Authors: Li Qingfeng , Zhao Chuancheng , Yao Shuxia , Wang Shengxia 
Published: March 2021

AbstractInhomogeneity is the inherent attribute of precipitation and is usually an important factor affecting the occurrence of hydrological disasters such as floods and debris flows. Based on the monthly precipitation data of 27 national meteorological stations in the past 50 years, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of precipitation concentration degree (PCD) and precipitation concentration period (PCP) in Gansu Province were assessed in this study. The results indicated that: (a) the annual precipitation had distinct regional differences (annual average values were between 43.3-605.4 mm) and strong inter-annual fluctuations (coefficient of variation was usually above 0.20, some up to 0.40-0.45); (b) the main range of PCD was from 0.52 to 0.67, with significantly reduced inter-annual fluctuation and a long-term trend of gradual decrease; (c) the spatial-temporal variation of PCP was generally small, mainly concentrated in 192.8°-205.0°(mid-late July), and showed a slightly advanced variation tendency. Under the overall background of warming and wetting, Gansu Province presents evolution characteristics of PCD weakening and PCP advancing, and the formation mechanism and potential effects of this phenomenon require further attention.
Investigation and Analysis of the Status Quo of Ecological Civilization Education for College Students
Authors: Wang Tingting 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective: Based on theoretical research, this article conducts social surveys, finds problems through surveys, understands the status quo of college students’ ecological civilization education, finds out its existing problems, and conducts in-depth analysis of their causes, in order to enhance college students’ ecological civilization education The effectiveness of this article provides some useful references. Methods: Using questionnaire survey and interview methods, this article randomly selected students from Hunan Biomechanical Vocational and Technical College, Shaoyang College, Hunan Agricultural University, and Central South University on issues related to ecological civilization education. Results: In terms of college students’ awareness of ecological civilization, college students have more than 55% understanding of some common environmental problems, especially the deepest understanding of smog, straw burning, and greenhouse effect; in college students’ awareness of ecological civilization In terms of the situation, 28.33% of the surveyed college students believe that the current environmental situation in our country is very serious, 35.28% of the students think it is fair, and 35% of the students think it is not serious or unclear; what do you think is the relationship between environmental protection and economic development? The survey showed that 18.44% of the students thought it was related, and 33.33% of the students thought that the relationship was not close, and some students who were close thought it was not related or unclear. When asked, “Will you notice the environmental protection signs when you shop?” On the issue, only 5% of the students said they would pay attention, 55% of the students choose not to look at it, and 18.44% of the students are completely unaware of white pollution. The ecological civilization education of college students has achieved certain results, showing a positive development trend, but at the same time, it should be noted that there are still some college students who are indifferent to ecological civilization, and the phenomenon of environmental damage still exists. These are problems that need further solution attention.
Effects of Biochar on the Soil Carbon Cycle in Agroecosystems: An Promising Way to Increase the Carbon Pool in Dryland
Authors: Li Mengying , Xiong Youcai , Cai Liqun 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDryland agriculture ecosystems occupy an extremely important position in ensuring global food security. However, they have faced problems of low soil organic matter content and poor long-term soil sustainability. Biochar is regarded as a new means of soil remediation and a pathway of carbon sequestration that has improved the soil structure and function of ecosystems due to its complex physical and chemical properties. Since there are few reviews of biochar’s role in the carbon cycle of agricultural ecosystems, this article examines recent research about its influence on plant carbon assimilation, soil organic carbon mineralization and storage. We highlight the direct or potential effects of biochar on the relationships between plant root architecture and carbon storage, the soil priming effect and soil aggregation, to provide new perspectives on the study of its impacts on the carbon cycle and the implications for carbon management in dryland agriculture ecosystems.
Malicious Domain Name Detection Based on Doc2vec and Hybrid Network
Authors: Ma Donglin , Zhang Shuhuan , Kong Fanqi , Fu Zhaoyang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In traditional malicious domain name detection algorithms, machine learning detection methods take a long time to extract features and the extraction methods are more complex; deep learning detection methods are easy to lose the semantic features of the entire domain name, and the detection results of a single neural network for different sample data sets are unstable . In response to the above problems, a malicious domain name detection method based on Doc2vec and hybrid network was proposed, and a new DLR (Doc2vec-LSTM-RNN) detection model was constructed. The word vector is constructed using the Doc2vec algorithm optimized on the basis of the Word2vec algorithm, which retains the semantic information of the domain name as a whole; and mixes the bidirectional LSTM network and the bidirectional RNN network in series to carry out deep-level feature extraction and enhance the robustness of the detection model; finally the Softmax function is used to output the classification result. Experimental data shows that this method has excellent performance in malicious domain name detection. Compared with traditional machine learning and deep learning detection methods, it has higher detection accuracy.
Sketch-based 3D Shape Retrieval Using Similarity Weighting between Multi-View
Authors: Zheng Que , Jiang Junxian 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
3D shape retrieval has always been a hot research topic in the field of computer vision, and the research goal is to perform fast and efficient retrieval to obtain 3D shapes that meet user needs. With the rapid development and popularization of touch screen devices, hand-drawn sketches have undoubtedly become the most convenient and user-friendly input form. However, the huge difference between the 3D shape and the 2D sketch is the main challenge that affects retrieval performance. In this paper, we propose a method of adding a sketch and view feature similarity comparison module during the training process to obtain the scores for the final feature descriptors under the premise of feature extraction of the 3D shape based on multi-view. Specifically, we render the 3D shape into 2D views from multiple different perspectives to represent the shape. Perform feature extraction on two types of inputs through two different networks, and design a similarity weighting module to calculate the scores of each view, so as to obtain the final descriptors. Finally, a final descriptor similarity metric network is trained based on contrastive loss. The experimental results on SHREC’13 dataset demonstrate the superiority and robustness of our method.
High Accuracy Positioning for C-V2X
Authors: Liu Qi , Song Meng , Xv Xingrong , Qiu Jiahui 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
With the rapid development and popularization of 5G and C-V2X, services based on C-V2X are rapidly expanding. Specially, the positioning accuracy is the most basic requirement in V2X service. According to the different requirements for V2X use cases, the positioning accuracies are also different. So the positioning schemes are various according to the positioning requirements. This paper contains a study of requirements, architecture, key technologies and demonstrations in high accuracy positioning for V2X services. Combining the scene analysis and performance requirements, high accuracy positioning, as a key part of the whole C-V2X system, its architecture can be divided into device-centric positioning architecture and network-centric positioning architecture. In addition, we summarize the key technology for high accuracy positioning of vehicles and demonstrate the proposal through testing.
Mobile Edge Computing Based Video Surveillance System Using Special Hardware and Virtualization Technology
Authors: Liu Shaowei , Zhang Tingting , Cui Ningbo , Zhang Hao , Chen Jiayuan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
As technology evolution, the solution for society security system is a hot research topic. Video surveillance is an important guarantee for society security. To meet various application scenarios, quick end-to-end (E2E) response is the key of video surveillance system. Mobile edge computing (MEC) could reduce E2E delivery delay by processing data nearby the data source. This paper introduces a MEC based solution that uses special hardware, graphics processing units (GPU), to accelerate graphic data processing. Taking the limited resource of edge scenario into consideration, virtualization technology is used to share computing resource on demand. The solution also proposes deployment policy basing on functional component’s requirement. Finally, this paper verifies the solution and puts forward recommendations.
Urban Elderly Community Micro-Renewal Planning and Design -A Case Study of Wuhan Anjing Community
Authors: Liu Fei , Xiong Xinru 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper briefly introduces the general situation of wuhan Anjing community project, and analyzes the existing problems of this elderly community from the perspective of community planning and design on the basis of preliminary investigation. By means of low-impact transformation and micro-governance, this community is designed for transformation from the aspects of road traffic organization, transformation of main entrance and exit gates, micro-renewal of public space, etc. Through functional renewal, the vitality of the old community is explored, the overall environmental quality is improved, and reasonable suggestions are provided for its sustainable development.
Extraction of Urban Green Spaces Based on Gaofen-2 Satellite Imagery
Authors: Khan Babar , Yang Shuwen , Hong Weili , Yan Heng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Urban green space (UGS) plays indispensable role to maintain the ecological balance of a city. Remote sensing & GIS techniques can play vital role in the accurate estimation of the UGS. This study attempts at a new method of extracting the UGS from high resolution imagery data of Gaofen-2 satellite. The proposed method combines the strength of different transformation techniques i.e. KT transform, principal component analysis and NDVI in order to accurately map UGS. Different combinations were checked to classify the Gaofen-2 satellite imagery of Lanzhou city. The classified image was assessed for classification accuracy and it was observed that the overall accuracy was 89.78% with the kappa coefficient of 0.8125. It was observed that the proposed method can yield relatively high accuracy compared to the individual transformations such as NDVI thresholding.
Precursory Strong Signal of Abnormal Flood in Xi River and Characteristic Diagnosis of Extreme Value of Flood Water Level
Authors: Peng Duan , Zhang Yu , Xu Chunlin , Zhou Huadi , Liang Qianmin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The article uses the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) method to identify the precursor strong signal of the atmospheric circulation in the early stage of the abnormal flood in the Xi River. And by using the equation derived from the Cross theory, the extreme frequency, duration and interval time of the flood water level of each stage of the Xi River are calculated. This study will help improve the accuracy of mid-and long-term prediction of abnormal floods in the Xi River Basin and provide a basis for government departments to make better water resources planning and flood prevention.
Reaction-limited graphene CVD surpasses silicon production rate
Authors: Chin Hao-Ting , Nguyen Hai-Thai , Chen Szu-Hua , Chen Yi-Fang , Chen Wei-Hung , Chou Zhi-Yang , Chu Yi-Hung , Yen Zhi-Long , Ting Chu-Chi , Hofmann Mario , Hsieh Ya-Ping 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
2D materials are considered enabling constituents in future large-scale electronics, but current production by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) proceeds at significantly lower rates than for traditional semiconductors and limits their usefulness in many envisioned applications. Analysis of previous research indicates that the current 2D materials production-scale is restricted by the low conversion efficiency between precursor and product. We here demonstrate the enhanced efficiency and speed of 2D materials growth by introducing a route to reach the reaction-controlled growth regime. Computational fluid-dynamics highlights the importance of gas-phase kinetics even in LPCVD growth and suggests that reaction-controlled growth can be achieved through optimization of the interaction between precursor and substrate. Applying this new restriction to graphene, growth rates were increased by ∼104 times and graphene synthesis proceeded without limitations from precursor supply even in atomic-scale pores. This advance enabled the synthesis of graphene at areas of several square-meters within 10 min using a research-grade 3″ furnace. The achieved conversion efficiency and production rate surpass existing growth methods by several orders of magnitude and extend 2D materials’ synthesis beyond silicon production capabilities, opening new routes for their application.
Hyperharmonic analysis for the study of high-order information-theoretic signals
Authors: Medina-Mardones Anibal M , Rosas Fernando E , Rodríguez Sebastián E , Cofré Rodrigo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Network representations often cannot fully account for the structural richness of complex systems spanning multiple levels of organisation. Recently proposed high-order information-theoretic signals are well-suited to capture synergistic phenomena that transcend pairwise interactions; however, the exponential-growth of their cardinality severely hinders their applicability. In this work, we combine methods from harmonic analysis and combinatorial topology to construct efficient representations of high-order information-theoretic signals. The core of our method is the diagonalisation of a discrete version of the Laplace–de Rham operator, that geometrically encodes structural properties of the system. We capitalise on these ideas by developing a complete workflow for the construction of hyperharmonic representations of high-order signals, which is applicable to a wide range of scenarios.
Gaming the beamlines—employing reinforcement learning to maximize scientific outcomes at large-scale user facilities
Authors: Maffettone Phillip M , Lynch Joshua K , Caswell Thomas A , Cook Clara E , Campbell Stuart I , Olds Daniel 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Beamline experiments at central facilities are increasingly demanding of remote, high-throughput, and adaptive operation conditions. To accommodate such needs, new approaches must be developed that enable on-the-fly decision making for data intensive challenges. Reinforcement learning (RL) is a domain of AI that holds the potential to enable autonomous operations in a feedback loop between beamline experiments and trained agents. Here, we outline the advanced data acquisition and control software of the Bluesky suite, and demonstrate its functionality with a canonical RL problem: cartpole. We then extend these methods to efficient use of beamline resources by using RL to develop an optimal measurement strategy for samples with different scattering characteristics. The RL agents converge on the empirically optimal policy when under-constrained with time. When resource limited, the agents outperform a naive or sequential measurement strategy, often by a factor of 100%. We interface these methods directly with the data storage and provenance technologies at the National Synchrotron Light Source II, thus demonstrating the potential for RL to increase the scientific output of beamlines, and layout the framework for how to achieve this impact.
An approximate approach to the structured distance to normality of Toeplitz operators
Authors: Bolourchian Elahe , Ahmadi Kakavandi Bijan 
Published: March 2021

A classical theorem from Brown and Halmos asserts that a Toeplitz operator

T
(
f
)

T(f)

is normal if and only if the range of its generator

f
:

T

→

C

f:\mathbb {T}\rightarrow \mathbb {C}

is included in a straight line. In this paper, discretizing

f
(

T

)

f(\mathbb {T})

and using the Principal Component Analysis method to project it onto a ‘best’ line segment in

L
2

L^2

-norm, we propose a numerical method to find the nearest normal Toeplitz operator from

T
(
f
)

T(f)

in the norm

|

|

|
T
(
f
)
|

|

|

≔

‖
f

‖

L
2

(

T

)

{\left \vert \kern -0.25ex\left \vert \kern -0.25ex\left \vert T(f)\right \vert \kern -0.25ex\right \vert \kern -0.25ex\right \vert }\coloneq \Vert f \Vert _{L^2(\mathbb {T})}

which is weaker than the operator norm. Besides, we introduce an index for the distance from normality of Toeplitz operators which is invariant under the transformations

f
↦
a
f
+
b

f\mapsto a f+b

for all

a
∈

R

a\in \mathbb {R}

and

b
∈

C

b \in \mathbb {C}

with

a
≠
0

a\neq 0

.
The contribution of functional traits to the understanding of palaeoenvironmental changes
Authors: Terray Léa , Stoetzel Emmanuelle , Herrel Anthony , Cornette Raphaël 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Performance traits implicated in feeding interact directly with the environment and are consequently relevant ecological indicators. However, they have rarely been used to better understand palaeoenvironmental variation. Here, we evaluate the usefulness of a performance (i.e. functional) trait, estimated bite force, in reconstructing the palaeoecology of shrews. We investigate the relationships between mandible morphology, bite force estimates and the ecological context. We use geometric morphometrics to quantify mandible shape diversity in shrews of the archaeological site El Harhoura 2 (Rabat, Morocco), dated from the Late Pleistocene to the Holocene. Morphological groups were used instead of taxa as units of diversity. To explore how phenotypic traits are linked to their environment, they were compared with palaeoenvironmental inferences for the El Harhoura 2 site extracted from the literature. Morphological groups acted as phenotypic response units. Estimated bite force was related to palaeoenvironmental variation over the considered period, with a particular sensibility to arid/humid transitions. The complementarity of morphological and performance indicators allowed us to infer functional convergence and divergence among shrews. Our results suggest that functional traits may be relevant indicators of changes in palaeoenvironments. This approach opens up new possibilities to explore the impact of environmental changes on extinct organisms.
Blue Waters, Green Bottoms: Benthic Filamentous Algal Blooms Are an Emerging Threat to Clear Lakes Worldwide
Authors: Vadeboncoeur Yvonne , Moore Marianne V , Stewart Simon D , Chandra Sudeep , Atkins Karen S , Baron Jill S , Bouma-Gregson Keith , Brothers Soren , Francoeur Steven N , Genzoli Laurel , Higgins Scott N , Hilt Sabine , Katona Leon R , Kelly David , Oleksy Isabella A , Ozersky Ted , Power Mary E , Roberts Derek , Smits Adrianne P , Timoshkin Oleg , Tromboni Flavia , Zanden M Jake Vander , Volkova Ekaterina A , Waters Sean , Wood Susanna A , Yamamuro Masumi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Nearshore (littoral) habitats of clear lakes with high water quality are increasingly experiencing unexplained proliferations of filamentous algae that grow on submerged surfaces. These filamentous algal blooms (FABs) are sometimes associated with nutrient pollution in groundwater, but complex changes in climate, nutrient transport, lake hydrodynamics, and food web structure may also facilitate this emerging threat to clear lakes. A coordinated effort among members of the public, managers, and scientists is needed to document the occurrence of FABs, to standardize methods for measuring their severity, to adapt existing data collection networks to include nearshore habitats, and to mitigate and reverse this profound structural change in lake ecosystems. Current models of lake eutrophication do not explain this littoral greening. However, a cohesive response to it is essential for protecting some of the world's most valued lakes and the flora, fauna, and ecosystem services they sustain.