bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Hybrid Legal Institutions on the Management in Local Government on the Example of the Institution of Public-Private Partnership
Authors: Liżewski Bartosz , Czerw Jarosław 
Published: August 2021

The basis for the matter discussed herein is the presentation of a new paradigm in modern law, i.e. the creation of hybrid legal institutions. The specificity of this construct consists in the combination of elements of public law and private law in order to achieve mutual benefits. Meeting these two interests is perfectly illustrated by the institution of public-private partnership. The essence of the partnership is the implementation of infrastructural projects in the public sphere by a private entity. A detailed analysis of this institution gives grounds to propose a thesis about the need to change the model of management in local government. The inclusion of private entities in the performance of tasks in the public sphere forces the verification of the traditional way of managing the local government staff. The participatory execution of tasks as part of hybrid legal institutions forces the officials to become more professional. This is the only way the public interest can be safeguarded in a public-private venture.
Peak Torque Prediction Using Handgrip and Strength Predictors in Men and Women With Motor Complete Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Neto Frederico Ribeiro , Dorneles Jefferson Rodrigues , Carneiro Leão Veloso João Henrique , Gonçalves Carlos Wellington , Gomes Costa Rodrigo Rodrigues 
Published: August 2021

Objectives:
To establish predictive equations for peak torque of muscle groups with totally and partially preserved innervation in individuals with motor complete spinal cord injury (SCI), based on hand dynamometry and strength predictor variables.

Methods:
The cross-sectional study conducted at a rehabilitation hospital consecutively recruited 108 men and women with SCI. All participants performed maximum peak torque tests for shoulder abduction/adduction (isokinetic), trunk flexion/extension (isometric), and handgrip strength testing (hand dynamometer) to establish predictive peak torque equations. The primary outcomes were peak torque variables. Handgrip strength, age, injury level, time since injury, age at injury, body mass, height, body mass index, and physical activity level were the secondary outcomes used as strength predictor variables.

Results:
Handgrip strength was a predictor variable for shoulder abduction/adduction peak torque. The best predictive models for shoulder abduction/adduction peak torque exhibited R2 = 0.57 and R2 = 0.60, respectively (p ≤ .05). Injury level showed the highest significant predictive capacity for trunk flexion/extension peak torque models (R2 = 0.38 and R2 = 0.29; p ≤ .05).

Conclusion:
Shoulder abduction/adduction peak torque predictive equations may be an alternative for use in an accessible strength tool (hand dynamometry) to evaluate training and rehabilitation programs. Trunk flexion/extension peak torque equations exhibited moderate correlations and high standard error of the estimates and should be used with caution.
Handgrip Strength Cutoff Points for Functional Independence and Wheelchair Ability in Men With Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Neto Frederico Ribeiro , Gomes Costa Rodrigo R. , Dorneles Jefferson R. , Gonçalves Carlos W. , Veloso João H. C. L. , Carregaro Rodrigo L. 
Published: August 2021

Objectives:
To determine optimal handgrip strength (HGS) cutoff points for greater functional independence and wheelchair skills in men with spinal cord injury (SCI), and to establish predictive equations for functional independence and wheelchair ability in men with SCI, based on demographic characteristics, HGS, and functionality.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional study conducted at a rehabilitation hospital, 54 men with SCI were recruited and stratified into high and low paraplegia groups. All participants performed a maximum HGS test to determine cutoff points for the Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM-III) and Adapted Manual Wheelchair Circuit (AMWC). The primary outcomes were the SCIM-III, AMWC, and HGS. Demographic characteristics obtained from participants’ electronic medical records were the secondary outcomes, used as predictor variables of functional independence.

Results:
The SCIM-III scale, performance score, and 3-minute overground wheeling test presented significant regression equations (R = 0.45, R = 0.69, and R = 0.72). The HGS showed a cutoff point of 102.5 kilogram force (kgf) to achieve a score of 70 on the SCIM-III and a 3-minute overground wheeling distance of 270 m. The HGS cutoff point to obtain a performance score of 23.7 seconds was 93.0 kgf.

Conclusion:
The HGS was a significant predictor for the SCIM-III score, AMWC performance score, and 3-minute overground wheeling test. Three significant predictive equations were established based on HGS. The cutoff points could be adopted as parameters for optimal functional independence and wheelchair skills.
Automating the Clinical Assessment of Independent Wheelchair Sitting Pivot Transfer Techniques
Authors: Wei Lin , Chung Cheng-Shiu , Koontz Alicia M. 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Using proper transfer technique can help to reduce forces and prevent secondary injuries. However, current assessment tools rely on the ability to subjectively identify harmful movement patterns.

Objectives:
The purpose of the study was to determine the accuracy of using a low-cost markerless motion capture camera and machine learning methods to evaluate the quality of independent wheelchair sitting pivot transfers. We hypothesized that the algorithms would be able to discern proper (low risk) and improper (high risk) wheelchair transfer techniques in accordance with component items on the Transfer Assessment Instrument (TAI).

Methods:
Transfer motions of 91 full-time wheelchair users were recorded and used to develop machine learning classifiers that could be used to discern proper from improper technique. The data were labeled using the TAI item scores. Eleven out of 18 TAI items were evaluated by the classifiers. Motion variables from the Kinect were inputted as the features. Random forests and k-nearest neighbors algorithms were chosen as the classifiers. Eighty percent of the data were used for model training and hyperparameter turning. The validation process was performed using 20% of the data as the test set.

Results:
The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the test set for each item was over 0.79. After adjusting the decision threshold, the precisions of the models were over 0.87, and the model accuracies were over 71%.

Conclusion:
The results show promise for the objective assessment of the transfer technique using a low cost camera and machine learning classifiers.
Historical Memory and Practices of Monumental Commemoration of World War I in Australia (Part 2)
Authors: Zernetska O. , Myronchuk O. 
Published: August 2021

The authors’ research attention is focused on the specifics of the Australian memorial practices dedicated to the World War I. The statement is substantiated that in the Australian context memorials and military monuments formed a special post-war and post-traumatic part of the visual memory of the first Australian global military conflict.
The features of the Australian memorial concept are clarified, the social function of the monuments and their important role in the psychological overcoming of the trauma and bitter losses experienced are noted. The multifaceted aspects of visualization of the monumental memory of the World War I in Australia are analyzed. Monuments and memorials are an important part of Australia’s visual heritage.
It is concluded that each Australian State has developed its own concept of memory, embodied in various types and nature of monuments. The main ones are analyzed in detail: Shrine of Remembrance in Melbourne (1928–1934); Australian War Memorial in Canberra (1941); Sydney Cenotaph (1927-1929) and Anzac Memorial in Sydney (1934); Desert Mounted Corps Memorial in Western Australia (1932); Victoria Memorials: Avenue of Honour and Victory Arch in Ballarat (1917-1919), Australian Ex-Prisoners of War Memorial (2004), Great Ocean Road – the longest nationwide memorial (1919-1932); Hobart War Memorial in the Australian State of Tasmania (1925), as well as Villers-Bretonneux Australian National Memorial in France dedicated to French-Australian cooperation during the World War I (1938).
The authors demonstrate an inseparable connection between the commemorative practices of Australia and the politics of national identity, explore the trends in the creation and development of memorial practices. It is noted that the overwhelming majority of memorial sites are based on the clearly expressed function of a place of memory, a place of mourning and commemoration. It was found that the representation of the memorial policy of the memory of Australia in the first post-war years was implemented at the beginning at the local level and was partially influenced by British memorial practices, transforming over time into a nationwide cultural resource.
Tomber malade
Authors: Wykretowicz Hubert 
Published: August 2021

Le propos de cet article est de revenir sur un présupposé « écologique » assez évident de la clinique médicale, mais qu’on tend à ne plus prendre au sérieux lorsqu’on se laisse obnubiler par les capacités d’objectivation des sciences et surtout les projets philosophiques de naturalisation qui s’en réclament. Réactivant notamment l’héritage de Georges Canguilhem et de la phénoménologie clinique, nous rappelons la profonde ambiguïté sémantique des concepts de santé et de maladie, afin d’indiquer le champ légitime de leur application et de montrer qu’ils ne sont pas indépendants des rapports de pouvoir inhérents à toute existence sociale.
Étude critique
Authors: Tétaz Jean-Marc 
Published: August 2021

Cette étude critique présente et analyse la correspondance de Ernst Troeltsch durant la Première Guerre mondiale : Briefe IV (1915-1918), édité par Friedrich Wilhelm Graf avec la collaboration de Harald Haury (Kritische Gesamtausgabe, vol. 21), Berlin/Boston, W. de Gruyter, 2018.
PARQUES EÓLICOS, RED NATURA 2000 E IMPACTO AMBIENTAL. COMENTARIO A LA SENTENCIA DEL TRIBUNAL SUPERIOR DE JUSTICIA DEL PAÍS VASCO DE 18 DE FEBRERO DE 2011 (PROYECTO DE PARQUE EÓLICO DE ORDUNTE)
Authors: GARCIA URETA AGUSTIN , LAZCANO BROTONS IÑIGO 
Published: August 2021

El comentario tiene que ver con una sentencia de 18 de febrero de
2011, en la que el Tribunal Superior de Justicia del País Vasco (TSJ) llegó a la conclusión
de que la declaración de impacto ambiental (DIA) desfavorable, que dictó
en su día la Administración autonómica en relación con la construcción de un parque
eólico en Ordunte, no era conforme a Derecho. Entre otras razones, el Tribunal
indicó que el Gobierno Vasco no había motivado de manera suficiente los impactos
críticos que, en su opinión, planteaba el proyecto en una zona de la red Natura
2000.
Iruzkinak 2011ko otsailaren 18ko epaiarekin zerikusia du. Honetan
Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko Justizia Auzitegi Nagusiak, bere egunean euskal
Administrazioak Ordunten eraiki beharreko parke eolikoari buruz egindako ingurumenaren
gaineko eraginaren aurkako aitorpena Zuzenbidearekin bat ez zetorrela
ondorioztatu zuen. Erabilitako arrazoien artean, Auzitegiaren ustetan, Eusko Jaurlaritzak
ez zituen Natura 2000 sareko gune batean egin beharreko proiektuak planteatutako
eragin kritikoak modu egokian arrazoitu.
The comment concerns a judgment of the High Court of the
Basque Country of 18 February 2001 that held that the unfavorable environmental
declaration issued by the Basque Government regarding a wind farm was not
consistent with applicable laws. The Court held, inter alia, that the Government
had not provided sufficient reasons to sustain the assumption that the project embraced
critical environmental impacts on a Natura 2000 site.
Rancang Bangun Alat Penanganan Dan Pengendalian Kebakaran Berbasis Arduino Nano Dengan Si stem IoT
Authors: Laksmana Bisma 
Published: August 2021

This will be very useful for residents of the house to prevent what can cause a fire incident. In the main research, system design will make a fire detector and smoke and gas detector, using 3 Flame Sensors and 3 MQ-2 Sensors. This design concept will be installed in each room which consists of 3 rooms. The microcontroller used in this design system is an Arduino Nano microcontroller which functions as part of the Flame Sensor controller, MQ-2 Sensor, WeMos D1 Mini, Relay, and Buzzer. Furthermore, the system output uses a Flame Sensor which is already in a HIGH state so that it can activate automatic shutdown, and the tool can submit a notification to the occupants of the house via an android application called Blynk and an alarm sounds. If the implementation of the MQ-2 Sensor is in a HIGH state, the system will provide warning instructions in the form of a notification from the android and an alarm will sound for the occupants of the house. So that the residents of the house will be prepared to take action to extinguish the fire in the house.
Keywords : Fire, Flame Sensor, MQ-2 Sensor
The Relationship of Sports and Physical Activity to the Academic Achievement- A Case of Hearing-Impaired Children
Authors: Ahmed Aqsa Shamim , Sadeea Hafiza , Mahmood ul Hassan Saadia 
Published: August 2021

Sports and physical activity is not only important for normal children but it is equally essential for the children with physical disabilities. Effective sports participation of children with hearing deficits has physical, mental, intellectual as well as societal benefits. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of sports participation on academic achievement of hearing impaired children. For this purpose, a total of children were selected, divided into groups on the basis of comparative experimental design. Half of the sample was assigned to control group including those students who did not participate in sports whereas, other half was assigned to experimental group including those children who participated in sports activity including Badminton, Football and Volleyball. After pretest and post test data was collected with the help of Sports Participation Scale and Academic Performance rating scale. The overall reliability of the scale was found to be. Results indicated that there was a significant positive impact of sports participation on the academic achievement from to with betterment level of . According to these results we can conclude that sports participation creates a positive impact on academic achievement of Hearing-impaired students.
100 years of lake evolution over the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
Authors: Zhang Guoqing , Ran Youhua , Wan Wei , Luo Wei , Chen Wenfeng , Xu Fenglin , Li Xin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Lakes can be effective indicators of climate change, and this is especially so for the lakes over the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP), the highest
plateau in the world, which undergoes little direct human influence. The QTP has warmed at twice the mean global rate, and the lakes there respond
rapidly to climate and cryosphere changes. The QTP has ∼ 1200 lakes larger than 1 km2 with a total area of
∼ 46 000 km2, accounting for approximately half the number and area of lakes in China. The lakes over the QTP have been selected
as an essential example for global lakes or water body studies. However, concerning lake data over the QTP are limited to the Landsat era and/or
available at sparse intervals. Here, we extend the record to provide comprehensive lake evolution data sets covering the past 100 years (from
1920 to 2020). Lake mapping in 1920 was derived from an early map of the Republic of China and in 1960 from the topographic map of China. The
densest lake inventories produced so far between 1970 and 2020 (covering all lakes larger than 1 km2 in 14 epochs) are mapped from
Landsat MSS, TM, ETM+, and OLI images. The lake evolution shows remarkable transitions between four phases: significant shrinkage in 1920–1995,
rapid linear increase in 1995–2010, relative stability in 2010–2015, and further increase in 2015–2020. The spatial pattern indicates that the
majority of lakes shrank in 1920–1995 and expanded in 1995–2020, with a dominant enlargement for central-north lakes in contrast to contraction
for southern lakes in 1976–2020. The time series of precipitation between 1920 and 2017 indirectly supports the evolution trends of lakes
identified in this study. The lake data set is freely available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4678104 (Zhang et al., 2021a).
The Divergence Between Prophet’s Masjid and Present Masjid: An Architectural Essay
Authors: Deni Deni , Karsono Bambang , Mirsa Rinaldi , Safyan Adi , Saputra Eri 
Published: August 2021

Basically, functional aspect in masjid can easily understand that there are divergence phenomena between the present masjid compared to the physical appearance and function of the Prophet's Masjid in the beginning. The objective of study is to reveals the existence of the Prophet's Masjid regarding the process and physical description of the masjid through hadith, sirah nabawiyah and related references as a guideline for comparative thinking on the present masjid. Critical descriptive research method is used as an analytical instrument to assess present masjid by adopting the idea of function in architecture knowledge and collaborate with the idea of social values as a reflection of the paradigm of Muslims towards the present masjid. Discussion find out that the people's perspective on present masjid tends to be statically trapped in the shape, form and visuals from the legacy of Islamic civilization after the time of the Prophet’s Muhammad PBUH.
Intramedullary nail: the past, present and the future – a review exploring where the future may lead us
Authors: Wong Wei Kang Noah , Tan Wen Po Jonathan , Phua Yue Min Crystal , Min Amelia Tan Gek , Naidu Kishan , Umapathysivam Kandiah , Smitham Peter Jonathan 
Published: August 2021

Background Intramedullary nails (IMNs) are the current gold standard treatment for long bone diaphyseal and selected metaphyseal fractures. The design of IMNs has undergone many revisions since its invention in the 16th century, with a dramatic increase in novel designs in recent years aiming to further improve intramedullary fixation techniques. Aims To map the evolution of IMNs in orthopedic surgery, discuss the limitations and complications of current IMNs and identify novel IMNs that may influence future design innovations. Methods We undertook a scoping review on the status of orthopedic IMNs by reviewing Google Scholar with the following keywords. Publications and patents selected for retrieval were initially assessed on the title and abstract by five independent reviewers. 52 papers were retrieved for complete text examination, and secondary references were checked from these papers. The results were discussed within the research group and consensus was obtained describing novel IMNs. Results Novel IMN designs include growth factor and/or antimicrobial coatings targeting fracture healing and perioperative infection risk, respectively; minimally invasive expandable IMNs to avoid the need for interlocking screws; and novel materials such as carbon fiber for their theoretically superior biomechanical properties and avoidance of artifact on CT and MRI imaging. Conclusion The novel IMNs proposed in recent years collectively aim to improve intramedullary fixation techniques by reducing operative time and radiation exposure, improving fracture healing or monitoring bone cancer progression. However, more research and development are necessary to solve these complex problems.
Maternidad, justicia y robo de niños y niñas: demandas de mujeres que buscan a sus hijas e hijos robados en Argentina
Authors: Gesteira Soledad 
Published: August 2021

En Argentina, a partir del 2000, inspirados por la lucha de Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo, comienzan a surgir organizaciones de personas que buscan sus orígenes. Desde sus inicios estas organizaciones recibieron a mujeres que buscaban a sus hijos/as robados/as, manifestando que fueron dados por muertos, que "nunca les mostraron el cuerpo" ni les dieron certificado de defunción. Rosa, es una de esas mujeres, nació en 1954 y a los catorce años tuvo un hijo/a en un consultorio clandestino de una partera en la provincia de Buenos Aires. Denuncia que ella se “lo robo” y fue una testigo clave en el juicio en donde tres mujeres lograron condenar a esa partera a doce años de prisión por haberlas vendido al nacer. Este artículo, tomando las entrevistas en profundidad a Rosa y a otras mujeres en su situación y los registros etnográficos del juicio a la partera, apunta a comprender, por un lado, los sentidos de justicia, maternidad y abandono presentes en los relatos de estas mujeres, y por otro, la configuración de estas demandas por robo de niños en el terreno judicial. De este modo, a partir de conocer los discursos que se construían entorno a estas mujeres y sus embarazos que, en su mayoría, atentaban contra las formas legítimas de concebir la familia y el parentesco, intento dar cuenta de la experiencia histórica de estas mujeres a luz de la intersección entre clase, género y edad y de los modos en que estas experiencias son resignificadas en la actualidad.
Palabras clave: Maternidad; Robo de niños; Mujeres; Justicia; Argentina.
Factores para potenciar el desarrollo de comunidades universitarias inclusivas: Ideas, creencias y actitudes del profesorado universitario hacia la discapacidad
Authors: Polo Sánchez M. Tamara , Fernández Cabezas María , Fernández  Jiménez Carolina 
Published: August 2021

El éxito de los procesos de inclusión depende de varios factores, entre ellos del nivel de empoderamiento de la comunidad educativa frente al proceso. En este sentido, el rol del docente es un elemento clave, ya que la actitud y las expectativas que muestren ante los alumnos que presentan necesidades educativas especiales, influirán positiva o negativamente en su autoestima, motivación y aprendizaje. En el presente artículo se indagan en las ideas, creencias y actitudes hacia estudiantes con necesidades educativas especiales, de docentes, y se analiza la influencia que las variables género, edad, años de experiencia docente, contacto e información sobre la discapacidad tienen sobre dichas actitudes. En general, se pudo apreciar que las actitudes que presentaban los docentes eran bastante positivas, no obstante mostraban un gran desconocimiento de las experiencias de inclusión de los estudiantes con discapacidad que se llevan a cabo en su universidad, demandando mayor formación e información. Se discuten los resultados, se presentan las limitaciones del estudio, y se ofrecen futuras líneas de investigación.
The success of the processes of inclusion depends on several factors, including the level of empowerment of the educational community in the process where the role of teachers is a key element, because their attitude and expectations of students with special educational needs will influence their self-esteem, motivation and learning. This article investigates the ideas, beliefs and attitudes towards SEN students demonstrated by teachers, and analyses the variables of gender, age, years of teaching experience, contacts and information about disability on these attitudes. Overall, it was observed that teachers’ attitudes were positive; however they showed a lack of knowledge of the experiences of inclusion of students with disabilities at the university and required more training and information. The results are discussed, the limitations of the study are presented, and suggestions for future research are offered