bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel anatomical apical dissection utilizing puboprostatic “open-collar” technique: Impact on apical surgical margin and early continence recovery
Authors: Koga Fumitaka , Ito Masaya , Kataoka Madoka , Fukushima Hiroshi , Nakanishi Yasukazu , Takemura Kosuke , Suzuki Hiroaki , Sakamoto Kazumasa , Kobayashi Shuichiro , Tobisu Ken-ichi 
Published: April 2021

Purpose
To evaluate the impact of modifications to anatomical apical dissection including a puboprostatic open-collar technique, which visualizes the lateral aspect of the apex and dorsal vein complex (DVC) covering the rhabdosphincter while preserving the puboprostatic collar, on positive surgical margin (PSM) and continence recovery.

Methods
One-hundred-and-sixty-seven patients underwent gasless single-port retroperitoneoscopic radical prostatectomy using a three-dimensional head-mounted display system. Sequentially modified surgical techniques comprised puboprostatic open-collar technique, sutureless transection of the DVC, retrograde urethral dissection, and anterior reconstruction. The associations of these modifications with PSM and continence recovery were assessed.

Results
The puboprostatic open-collar technique, sutureless DVC transection, and retrograde urethral dissection were significantly associated with lower apical PSM (P = 0.003, 0.003, and 0.010, respectively). The former two also showed similar associations in 84 patients with anterior apical tumor (P = 0.021 and 0.030, respectively). Among 92 patients undergoing all of these three procedures, overall and apical PSM rates were 13.0% and 3.3%, respectively. Retrograde urethral dissection (odds ratio [OR] 2.73, P = 0.004) together with nerve sparing (OR 2.77, P = 0.003) and anterior apical tumor (OR 0.45, P = 0.017) were independently associated with immediate continence recovery. A multivariable model for 3-month continence recovery included anterior apical tumor (OR 0.28, P = 0.003) and puboprostatic open-collar technique (OR 3.42, P = 0.062). Immediate and 3-month continence recovery rates were 56.3% and 85.4%, respectively, in 103 patients undergoing both the puboprostatic open-collar technique and retrograde urethral dissection.

Conclusion
Novel anatomical apical dissection utilizing a puboprostatic open-collar technique may favorably impact on both apical surgical margin and continence recovery.
Prognostic value of serial neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio measurements in hospitalized community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Lee Heock , Kim Insu , Kang Bo Hyoung , Um Soo-Jung 
Published: April 2021

Introduction
Several serum inflammatory markers are associated with poor clinical outcomes in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). However, the prognosis and early treatment response in hospitalized CAP patients based on serial neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) measurement has never been investigated.

Methods
We performed a retrospective observational study for 175 consecutive patients hospitalized with CAP between February 2016 and February 2018. NLR, C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin levels were measured on admission day (D1) and on hospital day 4 (D4). The Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI) was also assessed on admission. The primary endpoint was all-cause death within 30 days after admission. The secondary endpoint was early treatment response such as intensive care unit (ICU) admission during hospitalization and clinical unstability on day 4.

Results
The 30-day mortality rate was 9.7%. In multivariate analysis, NLR D4 (OR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.04–1.18; P = 0.003) and its incremental change (NLR D4/D1 >1) (OR: 7.10; 95% CI: 2.19–23.06; P = 0.001) were significant predictors of 30-day mortality. NLR D4 and its incremental change were significant predictors of ICU admission and clinical unstability on day 4 in multivariate analyses. Adding of incremental NLR change significantly improved the prognostic ability of the PSI. The additive value of incremental NLR change for the prognostic ability of the PSI was larger than that of incremental CRP change.

Conclusion
Serial NLR measurement represents useful laboratory tool to predict the prognosis and early treatment response of hospitalized CAP patients.
Insight into resident burnout, mental wellness, and coping mechanisms early in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Zoorob Dani , Shah Shivam , La Saevig Danielle , Murphy Courtney , Aouthmany Shaza , Brickman Kris 
Published: April 2021

Background
Acute augmentation of stress and disruption of training, such as during the COVID-19 pandemic, may impact resident wellbeing.

Objectives
We investigated how residents in various specialties in the United States were impacted by COVID-19 on mental wellbeing and resilience levels, and the methodology for coping with the stress incurred.

Methods
In April 2020, the authors electronically surveyed 200 residency programs of all specialties nationally. The survey utilized two validated questionnaires to assess wellbeing and resilience, while investigating demographics and coping mechanisms. The authors used student t-test and ANOVA to quantitatively analyze the data.

Results
The sample consisted of 1115 respondents (with an 18% response rate). Male gender & Age >39 years were associated with more favorable average well-being indices (both p<0.01). Regarding resources, institutional support (IS) appeared favorable for resident well-being (IS 2.74, SD1.96 vs NoIS 3.71, SD2.29, p<0.01) & resilience (IS 3.72, SD0.70 vs NoIS 3.53, SD0.73, p = 0.05). The effects of mindfulness practices (MP) were not statistically significant for improvement of wellness (MP 2.87, SD 1.99 vs No MP 2.76, SD 2.15, p = 0.85) or resilience (MP 3.71, SD 0.70 vs No MP 3.72, SD 0.68, p = 0.87).

Conclusions
Findings highlight the critical importance of resident mental status in cases of augmented stress situations. Institutional support may contribute to promotion of resident wellbeing.
Association between social determinants of health and direct economic burden on middle-aged and elderly individuals living with diabetes in China
Authors: Guo Jianwei , Wu Yun , Deng Xinlei , Liu Zifeng , Chen Lijin , Huang Yixiang 
Published: April 2021

Aims
The aim of this study was to determine the association between social determinants of health and direct economic burden on Chinese middle-aged and elderly individuals living with diabetes in China.

Methods
This study used data from the baseline wave of The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) database, covering 17,708 middle-aged and elderly residents in China. The population with diabetes was grouped into those diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DDM) and those undiagnosed with diabetes mellitus (UDM). Direct economic cost data, including total direct medical costs (TC) and out-of-pocket (OOP) payments, were extracted as outcome variables. A two-part model was applied to analyze the association between social determinants of health and direct economic burden.

Results
In our analysis, we included 958 patients with DDM and 1,285 patients with UDM. The mean TC and OOP payments were 11,193 CNY (US $1,733; 6.46 CNY = 1 USD) and 7,266 CNY (US $1,125) in DDM patients, and 3,700 CNY (US $573) and 3,060 CNY (US $474) in UDM patients. Rural-urban status (p<0.05), regional status (p<0.05), household personal consumption expenditures (p<0.05), and comorbidities(p<0.05) were crucial factors associated with medical costs in people with diabetes.

Conclusion
Although progress has been made in the development of current health policies intended to contain the direct economic burden of diabetes, the gaps in that burden in populations with different social characteristics remains a burning issue. More policy breakthroughs are needed to achieve health equity.
Retreatment of 6 Ceramic Restorations In A Single Session - The Application of Er:YAG Laser And CAD/CAM Technology: An 1 Year Follow Up Clinical Evaluation
Authors: Bernal Christian Giancarlo , Lee Ester Mi Ryoung , Eduardo Carlos De Paula , Souza Ana Maria Aparecida , Azevedo Luciane Hiramatsu 
Published: April 2021

Background: To present the benefits of high power lasers (Er: YAG and Nd: YAG) over the use of the high speed turbine for the extraction of ceramics restorations, without damaging the surfaces of the teeth; being a relatively easier and faster procedure without the use of anesthetic agents, and the preparation of the ceramic restorations and cementing in the single session; with a follow-up of 1 year. Objective: The benefits of lasers over high-speed turbine mechanical instrumentation for crown removal encompass efficient restoration recovery without damage to tooth surfaces; and a relatively easier and faster procedure without the use of anesthetic agents. Methods: The Er: YAG laser (no contact; 3.2-4.0 W, 20 Hz) was used to extract the porcelain prosthesis, followed by a gingivectomy with the Nd: YAG laser on tooth 12 to improve the gingival contour. The dental surfaces where the ceramic prosthesis will be cemented were scanned. Then, CAD / CAM technology was used to make the ceramic veneers that were cemented in the same session. Results: The efficacy the Er:YAG laser energy was observed by the decreased of the time to remove all-ceramic materials through ablation of bonding cements, reducing working time by 75% compared to a high-speed turbine. Conclusions: An Er: YAG laser can safely remove lithium disilicate crowns with the settings used in this study. Laser-assisted removal of all ceramic PDFs is a promising treatment protocol. The use of the Nd: YAG (2.0 W power, short 20Hz, 320 µm optical fiber, in contact) laser allowed gingivoplasty to be performed, automatically cauterizing avoiding post-operative bleeding, and facilitating the preparation of ceramic restorations the same day. The use of high-power lasers and the use of accompanying CAD / CAM technology allowed this clinical case to be completed in a single visit without the use of temporary restorations, achieving absolute patient satisfaction.

Keywords
Er:YAG; Nd:YAG; Lithium disilicate ceramic; CAD/CAM.
Effects of salbutamol, montelukast and prednisone on orthodontic tooth movement in rats
Authors: Chumpitaz-Cerrate Victor , Chávez-Rimache Lesly , Franco-Quino César , Ruiz-Ramirez Eliberto , Aguirre-Siancas Elías , Erazo-Paredes Carlos 
Published: April 2021

Objective: To evaluate the effect of salbutamol, montelukast, and prednisone on orthodontic tooth movement in rats. Material and Methods: In vivo experimental preclinical study. The sample consisted of 48 rats randomly distributed in four study groups. Group A was given saline solution; to group B, salbutamol 4 mg/Kg; to group C, montelukast 2.5 mg/Kg and to group D, prednisone 2.5 mg/Kg. All were fitted with orthodontic devices and the medications were administered intraperitoneally every 12 hours for 5 days. The clinical evaluation (variation in the interincisal distance) was performed at one, three, five, and seven days and the histopathological analysis (cell count) at five and seven days. Results: In the clinical evaluation of the variation in the interincisal distance, a significant difference was found in all the evaluations (p <0.05). It was found that the salbutamol group presented higher variation values in the interincisal distance on all the days evaluated. In the histopathological analysis at five and seven days, it was found that the osteoblast and osteocyte count was significantly higher in the salbutamol group compared to the other groups (p ><0.05). However, in the subgroup analysis, it was found that there was no significant difference in the osteoblast and osteocyte count between the prednisone, montelukast, and control group (p>0.05). Conclusion: The administration of salbutamol increased the magnitude of orthodontic tooth movement; nonetheless, the administration of montelukast and prednisone did not modify the magnitude of orthodontic tooth movement in rats.

Keywords
Albuterol; Montelukast; Prednisone; Rats; Tooth movement.
Inferior alveolar nerve paraesthesia after overfilling into the mandibular canal, confirmed by cone-beam computed tomography: a case report
Authors: Souza Júnior Claudemir de , Machado Ricardo , Batts Renee Ashley , Garcia Lucas da Fonseca Roberti 
Published: April 2021

The filling material should be restricted to the root canal, and not extend to the periradicular tissues. Overextension occurs when there is an overflow of gutta-percha and sealer, whereas overfilling refers to the overflow only of sealer beyond the apical foramen. Both may cause several negative clinical consequences. Nevertheless, an accurate diagnosis of where they occurred cannot always be performed by conventional radiographic examination, because of the two-dimensional aspect of the image. This paper describes a clinical case of labiomandibular paraesthesia after overfilling into the mandibular canal (MC), as diagnosed by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), later used to perform the treatment planning. A 34-year-old Caucasian female patient sought a private dental clinic complaining of pain in the right mandibular posterior region. After taking the anamnesis and performing clinical and radiographic exams, the patient was diagnosed with pulp necrosis in the second right mandibular molar, and underwent root canal treatment. The final radiography showed overextension or overfilling, probably into the MC. About 2 hours after the procedure, the patient reported paraesthesia of her lower right lip and chin. A CBCT confirmed a small overfilling into the MC. For this reason, vitamin B12 was prescribed as the first treatment option. After 7 days, the patient reported a significant decrease in paraesthesia, and was completely normal after 15 days. This case report shows that CBCT is an effective radiographic diagnostic tool that can be used as an alternative in clinical cases of labiomandibular paraesthesia caused by overextension or overfilling.

Keywords
Endodontic treatment; Overfilling; Paraesthesia; Conebeam computed tomography.
Predicción de biomasa y carbono en plantaciones clonales de <i>Tectona grandis</i> L.f.
Authors: Fonseca González William , Ávila Arias Carlos , Murillo Cruz Rafael , Rojas Vargas Marilyn 
Published: April 2021

Los modelos matemáticos para predecir biomasa son en la actualidad una opción que facilita y mejora el cálculo de la capacidad de mitigación del cambio climático de un ecosistema, pues generan información fundamental para establecer índices nacionales de almacenamiento de carbono. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la biomasa de los distintos componentes del árbol (hojas, ramas, fuste, raíz) por medio de método destructivo e indirecto para construir modelos predictivos de biomasa y carbono, generados por medio del método de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios, cuyo diámetro normal fue la variable regresora. Las ecuaciones seleccionadas explicaron más del 94 % de la variabilidad observada en biomasa o carbono, con errores de estimados inferiores al 5 %. El fuste aportó el 57.4 % a la biomasa total del árbol y las hojas el 5 %. La fracción de carbono fue muy similar entre los componentes leñosos (ramas-fuste-raíz), variando de 44.9 % a 45.7 % y en las hojas alcanzó el 40.7 %.
Effluent conditioning of biodiesel production for biological treatment using clay as a separation coadjutant
Authors: Correia Lívia Caroline , Silva Romário Ribeiro , França Fernanda Rocha Morais , Da Silva Gabriel Francisco , Coêlho Diego F. , Marques José Jailton 
Published: April 2021

Biodiesel is a renewable, non-toxic and sustainable biofuel, considered to be the main candidate for a fossil fuel alternative in many countries. However, its manufacturing process results in about 0.2 to 3 L of effluent per litre of biodiesel produced. In addition to an inherently high organic load, its composition includes by-products, traces of unreacted chemicals and catalysts, which inhibit microorganism growth and prevent its direct treatment by tertiary methods. In this context, this work aims to evaluate the combination of the coagulation-flocculation technique with dissolved air flotation (DAF). Real wastewater samples were obtained by synthesising biodiesel from soybean oil in-loco and performing the required washing procedures. The highest turbidity reduction efficiency (92.03%) was obtained using 1200 of clay. By using response surface methodology, it was possible to analyse the effect of the chosen experimental factors and show that the best results (81.28%, 58.95% and 89.34% for turbidity, oil and grease and chemical oxygen demand - respectively) were obtained using 925 of clay and 1000 of coagulant. Ultimately, clay proved to be an efficient coadjutant in the removal of organic matter, oils, grease, suspended solids and soluble organic matter from the biodiesel wastewater. Moreover, its low cost over traditional flocculants makes it an attractive alternative to industrial wastewater treatment processes.
Caracterização hidrológica das bacias hidrográficas dos rios Peruípe, Itanhém e Jucuruçu
Authors: Farias Emilly da Silva , Silva Gabriela Mateus Fontes , Da Silva João Batista Lopes , Da Silva Danilo Paulucio , Pires Luanna Chácara 
Published: April 2021

A caracterização hidrológica de uma bacia hidrográfica é de grande eficácia para otimização de seu uso, pois permite que ocorram planejamentos e gerenciamentos adequados para o uso de seus recursos hídricos. Portanto, esse trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar o comportamento hidrológico e verificar a produtividade hídrica das bacias hidrográficas dos rios Peruípe, Itanhém e Jucuruçu. Para tanto, fez-se a análise de séries históricas de 22 estações pluviométricas, obtendo precipitação média anual e total precipitado no trimestre mais seco e mais chuvoso; e 8 estações fluviométricas, que a partir dos dados históricos de cotas fez-se o ajuste de curvas-chave, para estimar novas vazões em função da cota medida. Obteve-se, a partir das vazões reestimadas, as variáveis: Qmed, Qmax, Q7, Q50, Q90 e Q95, bem como as vazões específicas de cada estação. Realizou-se ainda a análise da estacionariedade das vazões e da precipitação anual. Os resultados apontam que as estações que se localizam mais a oeste apresentaram períodos secos e chuvosos mais acentuados, enquanto nas estações mais próximas ao litoral tais períodos foram menos marcados. Uma vez que as vazões específicas representam a produtividade hídrica por área de drenagem, pode-se afirmar que a bacia do rio Jucuruçu apresentou a maior produtividade hídrica. Em relação a disponibilidade hídrica ao longo do tempo, as estações fluviométricas apresentaram tendência de diminuição de suas vazões, principalmente em relação as vazões mínimas. Tais fatos demonstram a necessidade de manejo adequado dessas bacias a fim de evitar a instalação de uma crise hídrica na região.
Reduction of salinity and sodicity of saline-sodic soils under filed condition in Brazilian semi-arid region
Authors: Silva Airon José da , Aguiar Netto Antenor de Oliveira , Lucas Ariovaldo Antonio Tadeu , Araújo Rychardson Rocha de , Sousa Alexsandro da Fonseca de 
Published: April 2021

The salinization process in irrigated areas in the semi-arid region of Brazil, constantly cause economic, social, and environmental problems. Therefore, the present research aimed at assessing the effect of different amounts of agricultural gypsum and cow manure associated with an artificial drainage system and salt leaching due to the application of amount of water in a saline-sodic soil under field condition. The experiment was carried out at the irrigated perimeter of Jacaré-Curituba, Poço Redondo, with an experimental design split into plots made of doses of gypsum corresponding to 0,0; 4,300.00 and 8,600.00 kg.ha-1 combined with and without organic matter, cow manure with 25,000.00 kg.ha-1 and 0.00 kg.ha-1. Each treatment (six in total) was repeated four times. Thus, 24 plots of 50 m2 were monitored (split plot) with an area of 1.200 m2. All treatments had an artificial drainage system in the center of the plot and the same amount of leach water was then added. The outcomes allowed us to understand that all treatments had the salinity and sodicity soil values reduced at the studied site. Moreover, the treatments with cow manure (source of organic matter) presented the best results, because soil electrical conductivity values (< 4 dS m-1) reached the normal level to agricultural yield.
The crystal structure of bis{(μ2-3,3-dimethyl-1-phenylbut-1-en-2-yl)((dimethylamino)dimethylsilyl)amido-κ3
N,N′:N′}dilithium, C32H54Li2N4Si2
Authors: Tong Hong-Bo , Wang Meng-Liang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
C32H54Li2N4Si2, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 11.611(4) Å, b = 11.157(6) Å, c = 13.307(5) Å, β = 100.12(3)°, V = 1697.0(12) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0622, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1561, T = 213 K.
Monoklonális ellenanyag-alapú terápia myeloma multiplexben
Authors: Hardi Apor , Kozma András , Ceglédi Andrea , Tomán Ágnes , Bors András , Andrikovics Hajnalka , Mikala Gábor 
Published: April 2021

Összefoglaló. A monoklonális ellenanyagokat termelő
plazmasejtburjánzás, a myeloma multiplex kezelésére a monoklonális
ellenanyag-terápia viszonylag későn lépett a klinikumba. 2020 végén már három
törzskönyvezett antitest, az elotuzumab, a daratumumab és az isatuximab áll
rendelkezésre különböző gyógyszer-kombinációk részeként a myeloma betegség
eltérő terápiás helyzeteinek megoldására. Emellett számos új antitest, nemcsak
„csupasz” antitestek, hanem antitestdrug konjugátumok és bispecifikus antitestek
állnak viszonylag előrehaladott klinikai fejlesztési stádiumban, közvetlenül a
bevezetés előtt. Összefoglalónkban a rendelkezésünkre álló nagyszámú tanulmány
eredményeit ismertetjük, fogódzót kínálva a terület eredményeit kritikus szemmel
megismerni kívánó olvasóknak.
Summary. Although multiple myeloma is a plasma cell malignancy known
to produce monoclonal antibodies, therapeutic monoclonal antibodies entered late
into this clinical field. At the end of 2020, we already have three approved
monoclonal antibodies: elotuzumab, daratumamab, and isatuximab – available in
different drug combinations at different therapeutic settings of multiple
myeloma. Additionally, there are a number of new antibodies, not just „bare”
antibodies but antibody-dug conjugates and bispecific antibodies stand at
advanced stages of clinical development, frequently just before approval. In
this review, results of the large number of clinical studies are critically
detailed in order to provide assistance for our interested readers.