bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Convolutional Neural Network-Based Automatic Measurement of Joint Space Width to Predict Radiographic Severity and Progression of Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Cheung James Chung Wai , TAM Yiu Chow , CHAN Lok Chun , CHAN Ping Keung , WEN Chunyi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objectives

To develop a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) for the segmentation of femur and tibia on plain x-ray radiographs, hence enabling an automated measurement of joint space width (JSW) to predict the severity and progression of knee osteoarthritis (KOA).
Methods

A CNN with ResU-Net architecture was developed for knee X-ray imaging segmentation. The efficiency was evaluated by the Intersection over Union (IoU) score by comparing the outputs with the annotated contour of the distal femur and proximal tibia. By leveraging imaging segmentation, the minimal and multiple JSWs in the tibiofemoral joint were estimated and then validated by radiologists’ measurements in the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) dataset using Pearson correlation and Bland–Altman plot. The estimated JSWs were deployed to predict the radiographic severity and progression of KOA defined by Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grades using the XGBoost model. The classification performance was assessed using F1 and area under receiver operating curve (AUC).
Results

The network has attained a segmentation efficiency of 98.9% IoU. Meanwhile, the agreement between the CNN-based estimation and radiologist’s measurement of minimal JSW reached 0.7801 (p < 0.0001). Moreover, the 32-point multiple JSW obtained the highest AUC score of 0.656 to classify KL-grade of KOA. Whereas the 64-point multiple JSWs achieved the best performance in predicting KOA progression defined by KL grade change within 48 months, with AUC of 0.621. The multiple JSWs outperform the commonly used minimum JSW with 0.587 AUC in KL-grade classification and 0.554 AUC in disease progression prediction.
Conclusion

Fine-grained characterization of joint space width of KOA yields comparable performance to the radiologist in assessing disease severity and progression. We provide a fully automated and efficient radiographic assessment tool for KOA.
Temperature and Magnetism Sensitivity of D-type Fiber Grating Filled with Magnetic Fluid in THz Band
Authors: Liu Shuo , Han Xinyu , Zhang Jiaxin , Li Yuanwei , Dong Xiaolong , Zhao Linwan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A terahertz band temperature and magnetic field sensor based on a magneto-fluid-filled D-type microstructure grating is designed. The high sensitivity measurement of temperature and magnetic field is realized by optimizing the structure. The highest temperature sensitivity is 233.88 pm/°C, and the highest magnetic field sensitivity is up to 214.802 pm/mT. When the overall structure size of the sensor was changed by ±0.1 %, the maximal absolute deviation of temperature or magnetic field sensor are 0.018 pm/℃ and 0.03 pm/Oe. At the same time, the dual-parameter demodulation matrix is used to effectively overcome the crosstalk problem.
Machine Learning Based Mathematical Modelling for Prediction of Social Media Consumer behaviour using Big Data Analytics
Authors: Chaudhary Kiran , Alam Mansaf , Al-Rakhami Mabrook S. , Gumaei Abdu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Almost many consumers are inclined by social media to purchase the product and spend more money on purchasing. We got the data from social media to analyse the consumer behaviour. We have considered the consumer data from Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn and YouTube. There is diversity and high-speed, high volume data is coming from social media, so we used big data technology. Big Data Technology is the recent technology is used in various field of research. In this paper we have used the concept of big data technology to process data and analyse to predict the consumer behaviour on social media. We have analysed the consumer behaviour based on certain parameter and criteria. we have analysed the consumer perception, attitude towards the social media. For doing the prediction we have pre-process the data to make the quality data so that we can take the quality decision based on outcome of our model. We have used the predictive big data analytics technique to analyse the consumer behaviour prediction in this paper.
Exploring condom use decision-making of adolescents: The role of affective and rational processes
Authors: Davids Eugene Lee , Zembe Yanga , Vries Petrus J de , Mathews Catherine , Swartz Alison 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Condom use remains the most effective behavioural method for the prevention of HIV and unplanned pregnancies. However, condom use remains inconsistent among young people. Exploring the condom use decision-making processes that adolescent engage in might provide information that would assist in the prevention of many challenges related to poor sexual and reproductive health outcomes. This study, therefore, aimed to explore the factors that influenced decision-making about condom use of adolescents from two schools in the Western Cape, South Africa.
Methods

A sample of 16 adolescents were selected using stratified random sampling. Data were collected using semi-structured, individual interviews. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data generated.
Results

The link between sexual debut and affective processes were frequently discussed in condom use decision-making. Decisions about sexual debut were influenced by the belief that sex was a perceived symbol of ‘true love’ on the one hand, and respect for perceived parental expectations of age-appropriate sex, on the other. Condom use decision-making was shaped by adolescents’ concerns about their future and lack of stability in their lives. Adolescents fears of pregnancy, parenthood and disease shaped their condom use decision-making. It became evident that rational and affective decision-making in condom use choice were not mutually exclusive, but that these processes could happen simultaneously.
Conclusions

The study highlights the role of affective states as part of the process of examining alternatives when deciding to use a condom or not. Interventions are needed that examine both the role of affective and rational processes as part of the decision-making process to inform adolescent sexual and reproductive health outcomes.
Effect of Negative Capacitance in Partially Ground Plane based SELBOX FET on Capacitance Matching and SCEs
Authors: Chaudhary Shalini , Dewan Basudha , Sahu Chitrakant , Yadav Menka 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Here in, we investigated the impact of negative capacitance in PGP-SELBOX NCFET (partial ground plane on a selective buried oxide in negative capacitance FET) over FDSOI. The ferro-electric layer is placed in the gate stack of PGP-SELBOX NCFET to generate the negative capacitance phenomenon. Ferroelectric(FE) materials are similar to dielectric materials but differ in terms of their polarization properties. FE-HFO 2 is used as ferroelectric material due to its sufficient polarization rate with high dielectric capacitance and better reliability. The effect of ferro-electric material parameters like coercive field(E c ) and remnant polarization(P R ) on the capacitance matching of NCFET are analyzed. The simulation results reveal that the R PE factor, which is the ratio of P R to E c , is closely

related to better capacitance matching. In addition, the effect of variation in thickness of ferro-electric layer on the average sub-threshold swing(SS) is also explored. The relation between short channel effects ( V th rolloff and DIBL) and thickness of the ferro-electric (t fe ) for

PGP-SELBOX NCFET is also analyzed. The simulation results clearly show that PGP-SELBOX NCFET is having reduced SCEs and 10 3 times better II OFF ON ratio over FDSOI NCFET. For optimized value of ferroelectric parameters average SS for proposed device is

found as 50 mV/decade at t fe = 5nm which is lesser than FDSOI NCFET ( 56 mV/decade)
WITHDRAWN: Establishment and Validation of a Novel Metabolism-related Gene Signature for Predicting Overall Survival of Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: Li Jian , Liu Yang , Liu Fei , Tian Qiang , Li Baojiang , Zhang Zongwang , Wei Guangwei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
It is well known that Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease.Although the current recurrence and mortality rate have been greatly improved, many people still suffer relapse and metastasis.Metabolic reprograming is currently considered to be a new hallmark of cancer.Therefore,in this study, we comprehensively analyzed the prognostic effect of metabolic-related gene signatures in breast cancer and its relationship with the immune microenvironment.We constructed a novel metabolic-related gene signature containing 6 genes to distinguish between high and low risk groups by univariate Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, and validated its robustness and accuracy through multiple databases.The metabolic gene signature may be an independent risk factor for BC both in the training and the testing set,the nomogram has a moderately accurate performance,and the C index was 0.757 and 0.728 respectively.The signature can reveal metabolic characteristics based on gene set enrichment analysis and at the same time monitor the status of TME.This gene signature can be used as a promising independent prognostic marker for BC patients, and can indicate the current status of TME, providing more clues for exploring new diagnostic and treatment strategies.
Genetic Polymorphisms of FOXO3a Gene in Colorectal Cancer among North Indian Population
Authors: Uroog Laraib , Bhat Zafar Iqbal , Zeya Bushra , Imtiyaz Khalid , Wani Rauf AHMAD , Rizvi M.Moshahid A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) heritability is determined by the composite relations between inherited variants and environmental factors. In developing countries like India CRC incidence rates have been increasing specially. In the present study, we focused on the distribution of FOXO3a gene polymorphisms in North Indian colorectal cancer patients. Methods A case–control study was conducted on 900 samples including 450 colorectal cancer patients and 450 age matched controls. We genotyped the SNPs rs2253310 and rs4946936 via Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis and Polymerase Chain Reaction- single stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP) procedure followed by sequence detection. Results A significantly increased risk of CRC was observed with rs4946936 genotype (P= 0.0393; OR= 1.405 CI=1.051-1.879). GT haplotype although not reaching statistical significance appeared to be at higher “risk” haplotype (OR- 1.164, 95%CI= 0.967~1.401), while as other haplotypes CC (OR- 0.893, 95% CI=0.665~1.200]), CT (OR- 0.806, 95%CI= 0.616~1.055) and GC (OR- 0.994, 95%CI= 0.809~1.221) were found to be “protective” for developing colorectal cancer. Conclusion This study lends support for an increased risk of CRC associated with the rs4946936 polymorphism. Nevertheless, statistically significant association between rs2253310 genotypes and CRC risk was not observed.
Adsorption of the Guanine Molecule Over the Pristine, Nb- and Au-doped Boron Nitride Nanosheets: A DFT Study
Authors: Derdare Meryem , BOUDJAHEM ABDELGHANI 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A theoretical study has been performed onto the pristine, Nb- and Au-doped boron nitride (BN) nanosheets using DFT calculations with the B3LYP-D3 method in order to evaluate their stabilities and electronic properties. The interaction of the guanine molecule with these clusters was also examined in aim to determine their adsorption properties. The calculations show that the HOMO-LUMO energy gap (Eg) of the BN nanosheet was strongly decreased upon its doping with Nb and Au atoms, implying a strong enhancement in its surface reactivity. The interaction of the guanine with the BN sheet was found to be weak, which leads a slight variation in its energy gap, therefore a low sensitivity of this nanosheet toward the guanine was observed. The guanine adsorption over the NbBN cluster is very strong, and the calculated adsorptions energies are in the range of – 36.7 to – 60.2 kcal mol-1, suggesting a great chemical adsorption. For the AuBN cluster, the guanine molecule has been chemisorbed onto its surface with adsorption energies varying of – 24.2 to – 38.4 kcal mol-1, which are lower than those obtained for the NbBN cluster. Upon adsorption proceess, the energy gap of the NbBN cluster was greatly increased, which leads to a decrease in its electric conductivity, thereby it cannot be a suitable sensor for the guanine molecule. On the contrary, the energy gap of the AuBN cluster was reduced by the effect of the guanine adsorption on its surface, indicating an increase in its electrical conductivity, thus the AuBN cluster possess a great electronic sensitivity to the guanine molecule. Based on the transition state theory, the recovery time of the guanine from the AuBN cluster was estimated of 27.6 s, reflecting that the Au-doped BN nanosheet could be employed as an appropriate nanomaterial for the guanine molecule detection with a short recovery time.
Two-Stage Operations in Patients with Acute Right-sided Colonic Obstruction: A 15-year Single Institution Experience
Authors: Yu Chun-Wei , Tsai Nien-Ying , Hsiao Cheng-Wen , Jao Shu-Wen , Cheng Yi-Chiao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Longer procedure times and bigger wounds can result in more mortality and complications in patients with acute RSCO with one stage surgery. OBJECTIVES:To review two-stage operations for acute right-sided colonic obstruction (RSCO) in a single institution. METHODS: The study reviewed the patients who underwent emergency surgery for acute RSCO in a tertiary center from 2004-2018. First-stage operations other than diverting loop ileostomy, incomplete obstructions that could be treated medically, or pathologies other than adenocarcinomas were excluded. Perioperative data such as operations, operative times, lengths of stay, harvested lymph nodes, and any complications were included. We assessed overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) for the oncologic outcomes. RESULTS: Sixty-nine patients were included. Seven patients had surgical complications related to ileostomy. Three of them died within 30 days of first admission. Thirty-one patients received a second-stage 4 operation by right hemicolectomy. None had anastomosis leakage or 30-day mortality. Only 9.7% of patients had fewer than 12 harvested lymph nodes. One-year OS was 34% vs. 89% between the two groups (P < 0.001). For 26 patients underwent curative resection of tumor, their 3-year DFS was 61.5%. CONCLUSIONS: A two-stage operation is associated with low mortality and morbidity rates in an emergency setting. The subsequent right hemicolectomy can harvest more lymph nodes than emergency resection. Long-term survival benefits can be expected.
Analysis of retinal detachment after post-operative endophthalmitis treated with 23G Pars Plana Vitrectomy
Authors: Zheng Ying , Casagrande Maria , Dimopoulos Spyridon , Bartz-Schmidt Ulrich , Spitzer Martin , Skevas Christos 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

To evaluate the rate, risk factors, functional outcome and prognosis in eyes with retinal detachment after post-operative endophthalmitis treated with 23G pars plana vitrectomy.
Methods

Electronic patient files from 2009 until 2018 were screened for the presence of an endophthalmitis. Included were 116 eyes of 116 patients. This population was evaluated for the rate of retinal detachment after 23G Pars Plana Vitrectomy for endophthalmitis following cataract surgery or intravitreal injection. The main outcome measures are retinal detachment and visual acuity.
Results

Reason for endophthalmitis was previous cataract surgery in 78 patients and following intravitreal injection in 38 patients. First clinical evidence of endophthalmitis was present in median 5 days after the triggering surgery. Twenty-five eyes (21.55%) developed a retinal detachment in average 25 days after endophthalmitis. RD is significantly associated with preoperative visual acuity (p = 0.001).
Conclusions

Modern 23G vitrectomy technique seems not to lower the rate of retinal detachment after vitrectomy for endophthalmitis. And we also emphasize the prognostic role of preoperative visual acuity in RD development of the endophthalmitis treated with 23G pars plana vitrectomy.
Multiscale Friction Simulation of Dry Polymer Contacts: Reaching Experimental Length Scales by Coupling Molecular Dynamics and Contact Mechanics
Authors: Savio Daniele , Hamann Jannik , Romero Pedro A. , Klingshirn Christoph , Bactavatchalou Ravindrakumar , Dienwiebel Martin , Moseler Michael 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This work elucidates friction in Poly-Ether-Ether-Ketone (PEEK) sliding contacts through multiscale simulations. At the nanoscale, non-reactive classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of dry and water-lubricated amorphous PEEK-PEEK interfaces are performed. During a short running-in phase, we observe structural transformations at the sliding interface that result in flattening of the initial nanotopographies accompanied by strong polymer chain alignment in the shearing direction. Our MD simulations reveal a linear pressure-dependence of the shear stress τMD (P,σH2o) [MPa]=0.18P + 50.5 - 1.25σH2o, where σH2o [nm-2] is the surface number density of adsorbed water molecules. This constitutive law is of central importance for our multiscale approach, since it forms a link between MD and elastoplastic contact mechanics calculations. An integration of τMD (P,σH2o) over the real area of contact yields a macroscopic friction coefficient μmacro (σH2o) that allows for a meaningful comparison with friction coefficients μexp≈0.5-0.7 which are in good agreement with the calculated dry friction coefficients μmacro(σH2o=0).For milder experimental loads, our multiscale model suggests that the lower friction states with μexp≈0.2 originate in the presence of physisorbed molecules (e.g. water), which significantly reduce interfacial adhesion.
Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma Found by Surgery for Acute Appendicitis is Associated with Older Age
Authors: Alemany Victor S. , Skendelas John P. , Au Vincent , Rao Devika , McNelis John , Kim Peter K. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Appendectomy for acute appendicitis is the most common procedure performed emergently by general surgeons in the United States. The current management of acute appendicitis is increasingly controversial as non-operative management gains favor. Although rare, appendiceal neoplasms are often found as an incidental finding in the setting of appendectomy. Criteria and screening for appendiceal neoplasms are not standardized among surgical societies. Methods: The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database was queried for all patients with who underwent appendectomy over a nine-year period (2010-2018). Over the same time, patients who underwent appendectomy in two municipal hospitals in The Bronx, New York City, USA were reviewed. Results: We found a 1.7% incidence of appendiceal neoplasms locally and a 0.53% incidence of appendiceal tumors in a national population sample. Both groups demonstrated an increased incidence of appendiceal carcinoma by age. This finding was most pronounced after the age of 40 in both local and national populations. In our study, the incidence of appendiceal tumors increased with each decade interval up to the age of 80 and peaked at 2.1% in patients between 70 and 79 years. Conclusions: Appendiceal adenocarcinomas were identified in patients with acute appendicitis that seem to be associated with increasing age. The presence of an appendiceal malignancy should be considered in the management of older patients with acute appendicitis before a decision to embark on non-operative therapy.
Research on Nonlinear Coupled Tracking Controller for Double Pendulum Gantry Cranes With Load Hoisting/lowering
Authors: Shi Huaitao , Yao Fuxing , Yuan Zhe , Tong Shenghao , Tang Yinghan , Han Gang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Gantry cranes, which have attracted extensive attention, are mostly simplified as nonlinear single pendulum systems without load hoisting/lowering. However, in fact, due to the existence of the hook, gantry cranes produce double pendulum swing. With an extra underactuated degree of freedom, the anti-swing control of the double pendulum gantry cranes becomes more difficult than that of single pendulum gantry cranes, especially when load hoisting/lowering is considered simultaneously. Moreover, large swings, which lead to problems such as inaccurate positioning and low transportation efficiency, may be caused by double pendulum gantry cranes with load hoisting/lowering. In this paper, a nonlinear coupled tracking anti-swing controller is proposed to solve these problems. In this controller, a smooth tracking trajectory is introduced to ensure the stable start and run of the trolley, and a coupled signal is constructed to eliminate the residual swing angles of gantry crane system. The system stability is analyzed by using Lyapunov method and Barbarat theorem. Theoretical derivation, simulation and experimental results show that the proposed controller has excellent control performance, specifically, not only does it ensure accurate positioning of the load, but also it suppresses and eliminates the hook/load swing angle effectively. The proposed controller can still achieve good control effects and has strong robustness under the condition of changing the load mass, trolley target displacement, system initial swing angles and adding external disturbance.
Regulation of IFN-Is by MEF2D Promotes Inflammatory Homeostasis in Microglia
Authors: Lu Fangfang , Wang Ronglin , Nie Tiejian , Gao Fei , Yang Shaosong , Huang Lu , Xia Li , Shao Kaifeng , Liu Jiankang , yang qian 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Microglia play an essential role in the host defense of central nervous system. Transcription factor MEF2D is known to participate in stress regulation of various cells and is tightly triggered in microglia in vivo and in vitro. MEF2D is shown to bind at the promoter region of several cytokine genes in immune cells, and directly regulates inflammatory response, suggesting that MEF2D may act as a key stimulus response regulator of microglia and is involved in the regulation of brain micro-homeostasis. In order to uncover the molecular mechanism of MEF2D in inflammatory system, in the present study, we investigated the global effect of MEF2D in activated microglia, and explored its potential regulatory network.
Methods

Experiments of recombinant lentivirus vector of shRNA and specific MEF2D over-expression were performed in BV2 cells. Transcriptome sequencing and the global gene expression patterns were analyzed in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated shMEF2D BV2 cells. The pro- and anti-inflammatory factors were assessed by western blot, qPCR or ELISA, and microglia activity by phagocytosis and morphologic analysis. The directly binding of MEF2D to the promoter regions of IRF7 were tested by ChIP-qPCR and PCR. The ISGs were tested by qPCR.
Results

MEF2D was shown to actively participate in the inflammatory response of BV2 microglial cells. RNAi induced stable silence of MEF2D broke the immune balance of microglia, in two ways: (1) promoted the expression of pro-inflammatory factors, such as NLRP3, IL-1β, iNOS; and (2) markedly inhibited the type-I interferon signaling pathway by directly modulating the transcription of IRF7. On the contrary, overexpression of MEF2D significantly reduced the expression of NLRP3 and iNOS under LPS stimulation, and alleviated the level of immune stress in microglia.
Conclusions

These findings demonstrate that MEF2D plays an important role in the regulation of inflammatory homeostasis partly through transcriptional regulation of the IFN-Is response signaling pathway.