bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
microRNA-194 is increased in polycystic ovary syndrome granulosa cell and induce KGN cells apoptosis by direct targeting heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor
Authors: Wu Yi-xuan , Lin Yan-shan , Li Si-chen , Yao Xi , Cheng Mingwei , Zhu Lin , Liu Hai-ying 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine-related follicular developmental disorder that affects 50 %-70 % of reproductive-aged women diagnosed with ovulation-related infertility. Abnormal proliferation and apoptosis of granulosa cells (GCs) are thought to be the critical factors leading to abnormal maturation of follicles. It has been shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) exert a significant influence in the pathogenesis of PCOS; however, the relationship between miRNA, PCOS, and GC apoptosis is not entirely understood.MethodsTo clarify the effect of miR-194 in PCOS, CCK-8, Ki67 staining, AO/EB, and flow cytometry assays were used to assess cell growth, proliferation, and apoptosis in KGN cells, which were artificially stimulated to overexpress miR-194. Luciferase reporter assays and rescue experiments were used to elucidate the mechanism underlying miR-194 in PCOS.ResultsmiR-194 expression was significantly up-regulated in rat models of PCOS and the ovarian GCs of PCOS patients. miR-194 suppression promoted KGN cell growth and proliferation. miR-194 overexpression also induced cell apoptosis, while miR-194 downregulation had an opposite effect. Furthermore, up-regulating heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) expression rescued the pro-apoptotic effects of miR-194 upregulation on KGN cells.ConclusionsmiR-194 is increased in PCOS granulosa cell and may function as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for KGN cells via HB-EGF regulation.
Randomized and non-randomized designs for causal inference with longitudinal data in rare disorders
Authors: Izem Rima , McCarter Robert 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn the United States, approximately 7000 rare diseases affect 30 million patients, and only 10% of these diseases have existing therapies. Sound study design and causal inference methods are essential to demonstrate the therapeutic efficacy, safety, and effectiveness of new therapies. In the rare diseases setting, several factors challenge the use of typical parallel control designs: the small patient population size, genotypic and phenotypic diversity, and the complexity and incomplete understanding of the disorder’s progression. Repeated measures, when spaced appropriately relative to disease progression and exploited in design and analysis, can increase study power and reduce variability in treatment effect estimation. This paper reviews these longitudinal designs and draws the parallel between some new and existing randomized studies in rare diseases and their less well-known controlled observational study designs. We show that self-controlled randomized crossover and N-of-1 designs have similar considerations as the observational case series and case-crossover designs. Also, randomized sequential designs have similar considerations to longitudinal cohort studies using sequential matching or weighting to control confounding. We discuss design and analysis considerations for valid causal inference and illustrate them with examples of analyses in multiple rare disorders, including urea cycle disorder and cystic fibrosis.
Promises and challenges of personalized medicine to guide ARDS therapy
Authors: Wick Katherine D. , McAuley Daniel F. , Levitt Joseph E. , Beitler Jeremy R. , Annane Djillali , Riviello Elisabeth D. , Calfee Carolyn S. , Matthay Michael A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIdentifying new effective treatments for the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), including COVID-19 ARDS, remains a challenge. The field of ARDS investigation is moving increasingly toward innovative approaches such as the personalization of therapy to biological and clinical sub-phenotypes. Additionally, there is growing recognition of the importance of the global context to identify effective ARDS treatments. This review highlights emerging opportunities and continued challenges for personalizing therapy for ARDS, from identifying treatable traits to innovative clinical trial design and recognition of patient-level factors as the field of critical care investigation moves forward into the twenty-first century.
Depression and post-traumatic stress disorder in females exposed to intimate partner violence
Authors: Sabri Youmna 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
United Nations considered intimate partner violence (IPV) as a serious problem affecting 35% of females all over the world requesting action to face this problem. There is strong evidence that the effect of violence against women has short-term and long-term negative outcomes on women physical health such as pain, wounds, fractures or even death in addition to serious psychiatric disorders for example anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
The study aims to evaluate the prevalence of different subtypes of (IPV) in a group sample of married females.
Also, the current study will examine the relation of intimate partner violence with subsequent depression and post-traumatic stress disorder disorders among those females.

Results
This study highlights subtypes of intimate partner violence among the studied females according to the Composite Abuse Scale (CAS); the highest prevalence type of violence is harassment (72.2%) followed by physical violence (57.8%), severe combined violence (54.4%), emotional violence (53.3%), and finally the last one is sexual abuse (7.8%). Post-traumatic stress disorder distribution among studied females; the highest prevalence (n = 37, 41.1%) had mild PTSD, followed by 23 (25.6%) who were normal, and then n = 20 (22.2%) who had severe PTSD, while the least prevalence (n = 10, 11.1%) had moderate PTSD.
In concern to depressive disorder distribution among studied females, the highest prevalence (n = 33, 36.7%) were normal, followed by 29 (32.2%) who had moderate depression, and then n = 12 (1.3%) who had severe depression, n = 9 (10.0%) who had mild depression, while the least prevalence (n = 7, 7.8%) had very severe depressive symptoms.

Conclusions
This study found that the prevalence of intimate partner violence among the studied females is high. In addition, the presence of a strong relationship between all subtypes of intimate partner violence and the diagnosis of PTSD and depressive disorder among studied females. Potential implications; these results can be applied clinically as females are exposed to the burden of IPV and should be helped empowered in various ways such as providing psychiatric counselling for those females.
Cancer-Related Fatigue After Esophageal Cancer Surgery: Impact of Postoperative Complications
Authors: Cheng Zhao , Johar Asif , Nilsson Magnus , Lagergren Pernilla 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe impact of postoperative complications on cancer-related fatigue is unknown. This nationwide prospective cohort study aimed to assess the trajectory of cancer-related fatigue and the influence of predefined postoperative complications on cancer-related fatigue up to 2 years after esophageal cancer surgery.MethodsThe patients in this study underwent esophagectomy between 2013 and 2019 in Sweden. The exposure was predefined postoperative complications. The outcome was cancer-related fatigue measured by the fatigue scale of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) and the EORTC QLQ-Fatigue 12 (QLQ-FA12) questionnaire. Linear mixed-effects models provided adjusted fatigue scores and mean score differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between patients with and without predefined complications.ResultsThe study enrolled 331 patients. The QLQ-C30 fatigue score increased with clinical relevance among patients with any complications (MD, 5.8; 95% CI, 2.6–9.0) who had a higher Clavien-Dindo classification (grades 2 to 3a: MD, 7.3; 95% CI, 3.1–11.5), a medical complication (MD, 6.9; 95% CI, 3.0–10.7), or a pulmonary complication (MD, 6.9; 95% CI, 2.1–11.6) for 1–1.5 years and remained stable until 2 years after esophagectomy. Similar patterns were found in the QLQ-FA12 fatigue and QLQ-FA12 physical and emotional subscales, but not in the cognitive subscales.ConclusionsComplications in general and medical and pulmonary complications in particular might be associated with increased cancer-related fatigue after esophagectomy.
Low risk of relapse and deformity among leprosy patients who completed multi-drug therapy regimen from 2005 to 2010: A cohort study from four districts in South India
Authors: Rajkumar Prabu , Chethrapilly Purushothaman Girish Kumar , Ponnaiah Manickam , Shanmugasundaram Devika , Padma Jayasree , Meena Rang Lal , Vadivoo Selvaraj , Mehendale Sanjay M. 
Published: November 2021

IntroductionRelapse of leprosy among patients released from treatment (RFT) is an indicator of the success of anti-leprosy treatment. Due to inadequate follow-up, relapse in leprosy patients after RFT is not systematically documented in India. Relapsed leprosy patients pose a risk in the transmission of leprosy bacilli. We determined the incidence of relapse and deformity among the patients RFT from the leprosy control programme in four districts in South India.MethodsWe conducted two follow-up surveys in 2012 and 2014 among the leprosy patients RFT between 2005 and 2010. We assessed them for any symptoms or signs of relapse, persistence and deformity. We collected slit skin samples (SSS) for smear examination. We calculated overall incidence of relapse and deformity per 1000 person-years (PY) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and cumulative risk of relapse.ResultsOverall, we identified 69 relapse events, 58 and 11, during the first and second follow-up surveys, respectively. The incidence of relapse was 5.42 per 1000 PY, which declined over the years after RFT. The cumulative risk of relapse was 2.24%. The rate of deformity among the relapsed patients was 30.9%. The overall incidence of deformity was 1.65 per 1000 person years. The duration ofM.lepraedetection in smears ranged between 2.38 and 7.67 years.ConclusionsLow relapse and deformity rates in leprosy RFT patients are indicative of treatment effectiveness. However, a higher proportion of detection of deformity among relapsed cases is a cause for concern. Periodic follow-up of RFT patients for up to 3 years to detect relapses early and ensure appropriate treatment will minimize the development of deformity among relapsed patients.
Reduced production of the major allergens Bla g 1 and Bla g 2 in Blattella germanica after antibiotic treatment
Authors: Lee Seogwon , Kim Ju Yeong , Yi Myung-Hee , Lee In-Yong , Yong Dongeun , Yong Tai-Soon 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
Allergens present in the feces or frass of cockroaches can cause allergic sensitization in humans. The use of fecal and frass extracts for immunotherapy has been previously investigated but has not yet been fully standardized. Here, we treated cockroaches with ampicillin to produce extracts with reduced amounts of total bacteria.

Methods
We performed targeted high-throughput sequencing of 16S rDNA to compare the microbiomes of ampicillin-treated and untreated (control) cockroaches. RNA-seq was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ampicillin-treated cockroaches.

Results
Analysis of the microbiome revealed that alpha diversity was lower in the ampicillin-treated group than in the control group. Beta diversity analysis indicated that ampicillin treatment altered bacterial composition in the microbiome of cockroaches. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed that almost all bacteria were removed from ampicillin-treated cockroaches. RNA-seq analysis revealed 1,236 DEGs in ampicillin-treated cockroaches (compared to untreated cockroaches). Unlike bacterial composition, the DEGs varied between the two groups. Among major allergens, the expression of Bla g 2 decreased significantly in ampicillin-treated cockroaches (compared to untreated group).

Conclusions
In this study, the reduced level of allergens observed in cockroaches may be related to lower amounts of total bacteria caused by treatment with antibiotics. It is possible to make a protein extract with few bacteria for use in immunotherapy.
Konstantynopol nowym Heliopolis? Uwagi do „wizji” epoki konstantyńskiej w książce Rolfa Bergmeiera, Kaiser Konstantin und die wilden Jahre des Christentums. Die Legende vom ersten christlichen Kaiser, Aschaffenburg 2016 (zweite, korrigierte Auflage 2016), ss. 350.
Authors: Milewski Ireneusz 
Published: November 2021

This review paper focuses on Rolf Bergmaier’s book, which represents yet another contribution to the debate on the so-called Constantinian shift, a controversy which has engaged successive generations of historians of early Chris-tianity and late Roman Empire for over 150 years. Thus far, the available sources (texts and artefacts, including inscriptions, engraved gems and coins) enable historians to develop divergent visions of the Constantinian era, de-pending on sympathies and religious persuasion.
Performances enhancement of underwater wireless optical communications (UWOC) using pulse position modulation
Authors: Kandouci Chahinaz 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this work, we study the performance analysis of underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) transmission link by incorporating optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) using pulse position modulation (PPM) to enhance the channel range and cardinality. Bit error rate (BER) variations are examined versus the range, modulation type (on–off keying (OOK), quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), etc.), number of users as well as the channel attenuation caused by different water types. The power and transmitter inclination angle limitation, of the enhanced system, are also presented in order to determine the threshold for which the minimum BER 10−9 is achievable.
Water Content of Moist-Tamped Nonplastic Specimens for Constant-Volume Direct Simple Shear Testing
Authors: Chen Jiarui , Olson Scott M. , Banerjee Soham , Dewoolkar Mandar M. , Dubief Yves 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Constant-volume direct simple shear (DSS) tests on dry soils are an efficient means to evaluate the behavior of cohesionless soils. However, cohesionless soil specimens prepared by dry techniques (e.g., air pluviation) may not be sufficiently contractive to directly evaluate the critical-state shear strength mobilized in monotonic loading. As an alternative, moist tamping allows preparation of loose specimens that exhibit contractive behavior throughout monotonic loading which, where feasible, can maximize testing efficiency in studying static liquefaction. This paper presents a theoretical background for this specimen preparation protocol and validates the approach using DSS test results for three nonplastic soils with various fines content (0 %, 15 %, and 60 %). The results illustrate that if the specimen preparation water content is selected to minimize initial soil suction within the moist-tamped specimen, then the effect of initial soil suction on shear resistance measured in constant-volume DSS testing is negligible when the specimen reaches the critical state. Thus, constant-volume DSS testing performed on moist-tamped nonplastic specimens without saturation appears to provide a feasible alternative to maximize testing efficiency for critical-state behavior studies.
Decreasing Alertness Modulates Perceptual Decision-Making
Authors: Jagannathan Sridhar R. , Bareham Corinne A. , Bekinschtein Tristan A. 
Published: November 2021

The ability to make decisions based on external information, prior knowledge, and evidence is a crucial aspect of cognition and may determine the success and survival of an organism. Despite extensive work on decision-making mechanisms/models, understanding the effects of alertness on neural and cognitive processes remain limited. Here we use EEG and behavioral modeling to characterize cognitive and neural dynamics of perceptual decision-making in awake/low alertness periods in humans (14 male, 18 female) and characterize the compensatory mechanisms as alertness decreases. Well-rested human participants, changing between full-wakefulness and low alertness, performed an auditory tone-localization task, and its behavioral dynamics were quantified with psychophysics, signal detection theory, and drift-diffusion modeling, revealing slower reaction times, inattention to the left side of space, and a lower rate of evidence accumulation in periods of low alertness. Unconstrained multivariate pattern analysis (decoding) showed a ∼280 ms delayed onset driven by low alertness of the neural signatures differentiating between left and right decision, with a spatial reconfiguration from centroparietal to lateral frontal regions 150-360 ms. To understand the neural compensatory mechanisms with decreasing alertness, we connected the evidence-accumulation behavioral parameter to the neural activity, showing in the early periods (125-325 ms) a shift in the associated patterns from right parietal regions in awake, to right frontoparietal during low alertness. This change in the neurobehavioral dynamics for central accumulation-related cognitive processes defines a clear reconfiguration of the brain networks' regions and dynamics needed for the implementation of decision-making, revealing mechanisms of resilience of cognition when challenged by decreased alertness.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMost living organisms make multiple daily decisions, and these require a degree of evidence from both the environment and the internal milieu. Such decisions are usually studied under sequential sampling models and involve making a behavioral choice based on sensory encoding, central accumulation, and motor implementation processes. Since there is little research on how decreasing alertness affects such cognitive processes, this study has looked at the cognitive and neural dynamics of perceptual decision-making in people while fully awake and in drowsy periods. Using computational modeling of behavior and neural dynamics on human participants performing an auditory tone-localization task, we reveal how low alertness modulates evidence accumulation-related processes and its corresponding compensatory neural signatures.
Opioid Reduction Through Postoperative Pain Management in Pediatric Orthopedic Surgery
Authors: Jones Kerwyn , Engler Laurie , Fonte Elizabeth , Farid Ibrahim , Bigham Michael T. 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVES
Our goal with this initiative was to reduce discharge opioid prescriptions while maintaining optimal pain management through the use of standardized pain prescribing guidelines for pediatric patients after orthopedic surgical procedures.

METHODS
Through analysis of established yet inconsistent prescribing practices, we created a 4-tiered guideline for pediatric orthopedic postoperative pain management prescription ordering. Following the Model for Improvement methodology including iterative plan-do-study-act cycles, the team created an electronic medical record order set to be used at discharge from the hospital. The provider compliance with this order set was monitored and analyzed over time by using provider-level and aggregate control charts. A secondary measure of opioid prescriptions (morphine milligram Eq [MME] dosage per patient) was tracked over time. The balancing measure was the analysis of unanticipated opioid prescription refills.

RESULTS
Greater than 90% compliance with the guidelines was achieved and sustained for 20 months. This resulted in a 54% reduction in opioids prescribed during the improvement period (baseline = 71 MME per patient; postintervention = 33 MME per patient) and has been sustained for 12 months. The percentage of unanticipated opioid prescription refills did not significantly change from the period before the institution of the guidelines and after institution of the guidelines (2017 = 3%; 2019 = 3%).

CONCLUSIONS
The creation of these guidelines has led to a significant reduction in the number of opioids prescribed while maintaining effective postoperative pain management.
DETERMINAN HARGA SAHAM PT. MEDIA NUSANTARA CITRA TBK BERDASARKAN RASIO PASAR
Authors: Paujiah Ulpah , Sulastri Lilis , Budiman Budi 
Published: November 2021

Harga saham menjadi salah satu indikator penting untuk berinvestasi di pasar modal. Berkembangnya harga saham diprediksikan bisa dipengaruhi oleh faktor laba perlembar saham dan nilai buku saham. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Earning Per Share (EPS), Book Value Per Share (BVPS) dan Price Earning Ratio (PER) terhadap Stock Price, baik secara parsial maupun secara simultan pada PT. Media Nusantara Citra Tbk. Periode 2010-2019. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode desktiptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari laporan tahunan yang dipublikaskan oleh perusahaan.Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah dengan analisis regresi berganda, uji korelasi, uji koefisien determinasi, serta analisis uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa variabel Earning Per Share dan Price Earning Ratio (PER) memiliki pengaruh terhadap Stock Price sebesar. Namun, BVPS tidak memiliki pengruh terhadap stock price. 88,9% Untuk penelitian secara simultan, Variabel Earning Per Share, Book Value Per Share dan Price Earning Ratio berpengaruh terhadap Stock Price sebesar 88,9 persen sedangkan sisanya 11,1 persen dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain diluar penelitian.
Ultrasound examination of pregnant women in diagnosing fetal cardiac pathology
Authors: Lim Viktoria A. 
Published: November 2021

Hypothesis/aims of study. Fetal heart defects are the most common malformations causing infant mortality. The task of the obstetric care service is to make a timely diagnosis, which includes high-quality ultrasound screening and, if necessary, fetal echocardiography. This study aimed to compare fetal echocardiography with postpartum echocardiography.
Study design, materials and methods. 101 pregnant women with both isolated fetal heart defects and combined pathology were examined for the period 20172019.
Results. The greatest number of heart defects was detected at 2331 weeks of gestation. The structure of the malformations is diverse, the most common one being a complete form of the atrioventricular canal defect. In multiple pregnancies, complex heart defects were often combined with abnormalities in other organ systems.
Conclusion. It is recommended to describe the heart structure in detail from 2122 weeks of pregnancy. If cardiac pathology is detected in utero, it is mandatory to conduct an examination of other fetal organs.
Main metrics of operation obstetrics of establishments of St.-Petersburg
Authors: Novikov B. N. 
Published: November 2021

In St.-Petersburg there are 10 maternity houses, 3 clinics of obstetrics and gynecology and 47 female advice at a present time. The last time is marked lowering an amount of delivery up till 32-34 thousand per year. Increase of frequency extragenital of a pathology of pregnant is marked. 2/3 of delivery flow past with complications. The most often there are the anomalies of a contractive activity of uterus and bleeding in III period of delivery and postpartum period. The frequency of operation cesarean section of a cut makes 11-13 % from a total number of delivery.
Mother's mortality is in bounds from 31.9 till to 34.4 for 100000 living babies. An average metric of perinatal mortality is 12.4%O. According to the concept of development of public health services of city creation of out-patient separations in maternity houses is planned.