bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phases of collaborative mathematical problem solving and joint attention: a case study utilizing mobile gaze tracking
Authors: Salminen-Saari Jessica F. A. , Garcia Moreno-Esteva Enrique , Haataja Eeva , Toivanen Miika , Hannula Markku S. , Laine Anu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGiven the recent development of mobile gaze-tracking devices it has become possible to view and interpret what the student sees and unravel the associated problem-solving processes further. It has also become possible to pinpoint joint attention occurrences that are fundamental for learning. In this study, we examined joint attention in collaborative mathematical problem solving. We studied the thought processes of four 15–16-year-old students in their regular classroom, using mobile gaze tracking, video and audio recordings, and smartpens. The four students worked as a group to find the shortest path to connect the vertices of a square. Combining information on the student gaze targets with a qualitative interpretation of the context, we identified the occurrences of joint attention, out of which 49 were joint visual attention occurrences and 28 were attention to different representations of the same mathematical idea. We call this joint representational attention. We discovered that ‘verifying’ (43%) and ‘watching and listening’ (35%) were the most common phases during joint attention. The most frequently occurring problem solving phases right after joint attention were also ‘verifying’ (47%) and ‘watching and listening’ (34%). We detected phase cycles commonly found in individual problem-solving processes (‘planning and exploring’, ‘implementing’, and ‘verifying’) outside of joint attention. We also detected phase shifts between ‘verifying’, ‘watching and listening’, and ‘understanding’ a problem, often occurring during joint attention. Therefore, these phases can be seen as a signal of successful interaction and the promotion of collaboration.
Palaeoclimatic models - predicted changes in the potential Neogene distribution patterns of Phlebotomus similis and Phlebotomus sergenti (Insecta: Diptera: Psychodidae)
Authors: Trájer Attila J. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFormer studies proposed that the speciation of the subgenus Paraphlebotomus happened in the Neogene Epoch in the circum-Mediterranean region due to the geographical segregation effect of the former Paratethys Sea. It was aimed to study whether the modelled Neogene ranges of Phlebotomus sergenti and Phlebotomus similis support or contradict this barrier role of the Paratethys in the speciation of Paraphlebotomus sandfly. For this purpose, the potential Neogene geographical ranges of Phlebotomus sergenti and Phlebotomus similis were modelled based on the present climatic requirements of the taxa. The Miocene models do not support the circum-Paratethyan migration of the ancestor of Phlebotomus similis. In general, Phlebotomus similis shows a low affinity to the North Paratethyan shorelines during the entire Miocene epoch. The only exceptions are the Tortonian and early Messinian periods when the climatic conditions could be suitable for Phlebotomus similis in the North Paratethyan shorelines. It was found that neither the modelled late Miocene, Pliocene nor the mid-Pleistocene period distributions of Phlebotomus sergenti and Phlebotomus similis shows notable differences in the suitability values in the Balkans and the Middle East. It is most plausible that the divergence of the Phlebotomus similis and its relatives was related to the tectonic subsidence of the Hellene Orogenic Belt and Phlebotomus similis specialised in the Balkan Peninsula and the present-day North Pontic area during the middle-late Miocene epoch. The Messinian desiccations of the Mediterranean Basin and the Zanclean re-flood caused the migration, but not the speciation of Phlebotomus similis and its sister taxa.
Possible Recycling of End-of-Life Dolomite Refractories by the Production of Geopolymer-Based Composites: Experimental Investigation
Authors: Furlani E. , Rondinella A. , Aneggi E. , Maschio S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractProduction and characterization of geopolymers prepared by mixing metakaolin, end-of-life dolomite refractories, sodium silicate solution, and sodium hydroxide solution have been performed. The as-received refractory was crumbled in order to obtain products having, respectively, 250 μm, 1 mm, and 2.5 mm maximum particles size. Each batch of powder was added in different proportions to a blank geopolymeric matrix. It has been observed that the addition of waste refractory reduces workability of the reference refractory-free slurry. After hardening, only the set of samples prepared with powders with maximum size of 250 μm maintain integrity while the others resulted affected by the presence of fractures caused by volumetric instabilities; samples with composition R100 showed the highest compressive strength, whereas higher refractory addition lowers strength. Specific surface area appears independent by materials composition; conversely pore volume slightly increases with the addition of dolomite refractory powder. During the thermodilatometric tests all compositions display a shrinkage of about 0.1% between 170 and 400 °C; however, sintering starts at higher temperature (above 600 °C) and samples melt in the range between 650 and 750 °C as a function of their composition, thus showing that the resulting materials loose refractoriness with respect to both the reference geopolymer and the dolomite refractory.
Graphical Abstract
Life History Recorded in the Vagino-Cervical Microbiome Along with Multi-Omes
Authors: Jie Zhuye , Chen Chen , Hao Lilan , Li Fei , Song Liju , Zhang Xiaowei , Zhu Jie , Tian Liu , Tong Xin , Cai Kaiye , Zhang Zhe , Ju Yanmei , Yu Xinlei , Li Ying , Zhou Hongcheng , Lu Haorong , Qiu Xuemei , Li Qiang , Liao Yunli , Zhou Dongsheng , Lian Heng , Zuo Yong , Chen Xiaomin , Rao Weiqiao , Ren Yan , Wang Yuan , Zi Jin , Wang Rong , Liu Na , Wu Jinghua , Zhang Wei , Liu Xiao , Zong Yang , Liu Weibin , Xiao Liang , Hou Yong , Xu Xun , Yang Huanming , Wang Jian , Kristiansen Karsten , Jia Huijue 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The vagina contains at least a billion microbial cells, dominated by lactobacilli. Here we perform metagenomic shotgun sequencing on cervical and fecal samples from a cohort of 516 Chinese women of reproductive age, as well as cervical, fecal, and salivary samples from a second cohort of 632 women. Factors such as pregnancy history, delivery history, cesarean section, and breast feeding were all more important than menstrual cycle in shaping the microbiome, and such information would be necessary before trying to interpret differences between vagino-cervical microbiome data. Greater proportion of Bifidobacterium breve was seen with older age at sexual debut. The relative abundance of lactobacilli especially Lactobacillus crispatus was negatively associated with pregnancy history. Potential markers for lack of menstrual regularity, heavy flow, dysmenorrhea, and contraceptives were also identified. Lactobacilli were rare during breastfeeding or post-menopause. Other features such as mood fluctuations and facial speckles could potentially be predicted from the vagino-cervical microbiome. Gut and salivary microbiomes, plasma vitamins, metals, amino acids, and hormones showed associations with the vagino-cervical microbiome. Our results offer an unprecedented glimpse into the microbiota of the female reproductive tract and call for international collaborations to better understand its long-term health impact other than in the settings of infection or pre-term birth.
Impact of antibiotic heterogeneity by periodic antibiotic monitoring and supervision strategy at two units with different prevalences of multidrug-resistant organisms
Authors: Chaononghin Surachai , Jantarathaneewat Kittiya , Weber David J. , Warren David K. , Apisarnthanarak Anucha 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn an intensive care unit, antibiotic heterogeneity led to an increase in antibiotic heterogeneity index (P = .002) and a reduction in carbapenem-resistance Enterobacteriaceae incidence (P = .04). In a general medicine unit with low prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms, antibiotic heterogeneity index and incidence of multidrug-resistant organisms did not improve.
The impact of patient-reported penicillin or cephalosporin allergy on surgical site infections
Authors: Seidelman Jessica L. , Moehring Rebekah W. , Weber David J. , Anderson Deverick J. , Lewis Sarah S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjective:To determine the impact of a documented penicillin or cephalosporin allergy on the development of surgical site infections (SSIs).Background:Appropriate preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis reduces SSI risk, but documented antibiotic allergies influence the choice of prophylactic agents. Few studies have examined the relationship between a reported antibiotic allergy and risk of SSI and to what extent this relationship is modified by the antibiotic class given for prophylaxis.Methods:We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adult patients undergoing coronary artery bypass, craniotomy, spinal fusion, laminectomy, hip arthroplasty and knee arthroplasty at 3 hospitals from July 1, 2013, to December 31, 2017. We built a multivariable logistic regression model to calculate the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of developing an SSI among patients with and without patient-reported penicillin or cephalosporin allergies. We also examined effect measure modification (EMM) to determine whether surgical prophylaxis affected the association between reported allergy and SSI.Results:We analyzed 39,972 procedures; 1,689 (4.2%) with a documented patient penicillin or cephalosporin allergy, and 374 (0.9%) resulted in an SSI. Patients with a reported penicillin or cephalosporin allergy were more likely to develop an SSI compared to patients who did not report an allergy to penicillin or cephalosporins (adjusted odds ratio, 3.26; 95% confidence interval, 2.71–3.93). Surgical prophylaxis did not have significant EMM on this association.Conclusions:Patients who reported a penicillin or cephalosporin allergy had higher odds of developing an SSI than nonallergic patients. However, the increase in odds is not completely mediated by the type of surgical prophylaxis. Instead, a reported allergy may be a surrogate marker for a more complicated patient population.
Factors influencing complementary feeding practices in rural and semi-urban Rwanda: a qualitative study
Authors: Umugwaneza Maryse , Havemann-Nel Lize , Vorster Hester H. , Wentzel-Viljoen Edelweiss 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to identify and describe the factors influencing feeding practices of children aged 6–23 months in Rwanda. This is a cross-sectional descriptive qualitative study. A total of ten focus group discussions were conducted separately with mothers, fathers, grandmothers and community health workers (CHWs) from five different districts in Rwanda. The discussions were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and thematically analysed using qualitative data analysis software, Atlas.ti. The study participants were mothers, fathers and grandmothers of children aged 6–23 months and CHWs in charge of child health. Caregivers’ knowledge and beliefs about the benefits of breast-feeding and timely introduction of complementary food were found to be the primary individual factors facilitating good infant and young child feeding practices. The common belief of caregivers that infants should be given liquids (thin gruel, fruit juices and meat broth) as first foods instead of semi-solid foods was a barrier to good feeding practices. The community-based nutrition education and counselling programmes were facilitators of good complementary practices at the group level. At the society level, poverty in rural agrarian households was a barrier to optimal feeding practices. The study shows that there is a need to empower caregivers with more specific guidelines, especially on complementary feeding.
FOSSIL FUEL ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION: A STRATEGY USING RADIOCARBON, N-ALKANES, AND ALGAE
Authors: Silva Túlio César Aguiar , Carvalho Carla , Libardoni Bruno , Macario Kita , de Lima Felippe Braga , Pimenta Mariana Cruz , de Oliveira Maria Isabela Nascimento , Bernardes Marcelo Corrêa , Marques Gabriela da Silva , Pinto Fernanda , de Souza Rosa , Cavalcanti Diana Negrão 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTFossil fuels are of utmost importance to the world we live in today. However, their use can cause major impacts on the environment, especially on water resources. In this regard, algae have been intensively used as a strategy for remediation and monitoring of environmental pollution due to its efficient absorption of contaminants. In this work, samples of seaweed collected in Niterói/RJ—contaminated with kerosene and diesel—were analyzed by radiocarbon (14C) accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) and by n-alkane quantification with gas chromatography to evaluate bioaccumulation in function of the dosage of contaminants. The biogenic content measured by radiocarbon analysis resulted in 95.6% for algae contaminated with 10 mL of kerosene and 67.6% for algae contaminated with 10 mL of diesel. The maximum intensity of n-C17 n-alkane in algae with 5 mL, 10 mL, and 15 mL of diesel was 768.2, 1878.1, and 5699.2 ng.g-1, respectively. While the maximum concentration of n-C27 in algae with 5 mL, 10 mL and 15 mL of kerosene was 3.3, 35.9, and 150.3 ng.g-1. We concluded that, for both contaminants, their incorporation into algae increases as the contamination dosage increases, making this methodology an effective technique for monitoring and remediation of urban aquatic ecosystems.
Poland's Colonial Aspirations and the Question of a Mandate over Liberia, 1933–1939
Authors: Skulimowska Milena 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis article examines Poland's political and economic involvement in Liberia in the 1930s in an attempt to address the question of how countries that were not classical colonial powers were engaging in colonialism. Interwar Poland was a newly established country struggling to achieve political stability and economic growth. Looking for a solution to the economic difficulties, Poland started to show an interest in obtaining colonies in Africa. This interest developed into the colonial movement. Poland attempted to establish a long-lasting economic and political presence in Liberia in the 1930s. This attempt failed; however, Polish involvement in Liberia demonstrates the effect that the idea of colonialism had on Polish society and the Polish government.
The people vs science: can passively crowdsourced internet data shed light on host–parasite interactions?
Authors: Doherty Jean-François , Filion Antoine , Bennett Jerusha , Raj Bhattarai Upendra , Chai Xuhong , de Angeli Dutra Daniela , Donlon Erica , Jorge Fátima , Milotic Marin , Park Eunji , Sabadel Amandine J. M. , Thomas Leighton J. , Poulin Robert 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Identification of the avian tracheal trematodeTyphlocoelum cucumerinum(Trematoda: Cyclocoelidae) in a host–parasite–environment system: diagnosis, life cycle and molecular phylogeny
Authors: Assis Jordana C. A. , López-Hernández Danimar , Favoretto Samantha , Medeiros Lilian B. , Melo Alan L. , Martins Nelson R. S. , Pinto Hudson A. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Growth of prefrontal and limbic brain regions and anxiety disorders in children born very preterm
Authors: Gilchrist Courtney P. , Thompson Deanne K. , Alexander Bonnie , Kelly Claire E. , Treyvaud Karli , Matthews Lillian G. , Pascoe Leona , Zannino Diana , Yates Rosemary , Adamson Chris , Tolcos Mary , Cheong Jeanie L. Y. , Inder Terrie E. , Doyle Lex W. , Cumberland Angela , Anderson Peter J. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundChildren born very preterm (VP) display altered growth in corticolimbic structures compared with full-term peers. Given the association between the cortiocolimbic system and anxiety, this study aimed to compare developmental trajectories of corticolimbic regions in VP children with and without anxiety diagnosis at 13 years.MethodsMRI data from 124 VP children were used to calculate whole brain and corticolimbic region volumes at term-equivalent age (TEA), 7 and 13 years. The presence of an anxiety disorder was assessed at 13 years using a structured clinical interview.ResultsVP children who met criteria for an anxiety disorder at 13 years (n = 16) displayed altered trajectories for intracranial volume (ICV, p < 0.0001), total brain volume (TBV, p = 0.029), the right amygdala (p = 0.0009) and left hippocampus (p = 0.029) compared with VP children without anxiety (n = 108), with trends in the right hippocampus (p = 0.062) and left medial orbitofrontal cortex (p = 0.079). Altered trajectories predominantly reflected slower growth in early childhood (0–7 years) for ICV (β = −0.461, p = 0.020), TBV (β = −0.503, p = 0.021), left (β = −0.518, p = 0.020) and right hippocampi (β = −0.469, p = 0.020) and left medial orbitofrontal cortex (β = −0.761, p = 0.020) and did not persist after adjusting for TBV and social risk.ConclusionsRegion- and time-specific alterations in the development of the corticolimbic system in children born VP may help to explain an increase in anxiety disorders observed in this population.
The Impact of Political Apologies on Public Opinion
Authors: Kitagawa Risa , Chu Jonathan A. 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTApology diplomacy promises to assuage historical grievances held by foreign publics, yet in practice appears to ignite domestic backlash, raising questions about its efficacy. This article develops a theory of how political apologies affect public approval of an apologizing government across domestic and foreign contexts. The authors test its implications using large-scale survey experiments in Japan and the United States. In the surveys, the authors present vignettes about World War II grievances and randomize the nature of a government apology. They find that apology-making, both as statements acknowledging wrongdoing and as expressions of remorse, boosts approval in the recipient state. But in the apologizing state, backlash is likely among individuals with strong hierarchical group dispositions—manifested as nationalism, social-dominance orientation, and conservatism—and among those who do not consider the recipient a strategically important partner. This microlevel evidence reveals how leaders face a crucial trade-off between improving support abroad and risking backlash at home, with implications for the study of diplomatic communication and transitional justice.
Bidirectional and transactional relationships between parenting styles and child symptoms of ADHD, ODD, depression, and anxiety over 6 years
Authors: Allmann Anna E. S. , Klein Daniel N. , Kopala-Sibley Daniel C. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIt is well established that mothers’ parenting impacts children's adjustment. However, much less is known about how children's psychopathology impacts their mothers’ parenting and how parenting and child symptoms relate either bidirectionally (i.e., a relationship in both directions over two time points) or transactionally (i.e., a process that unfolds over time) to one another over a span of several years. In addition, relatively little research addresses the role of fathers’ parenting in the development of children's symptoms and, conversely, how children may elicit certain types of parenting from fathers. In this study, data were collected from 491 families on mothers’ and fathers’ parenting styles (authoritarianism, authoritativeness, permissiveness, and overprotectiveness) and children's symptoms of psychopathology (attention deficit, oppositional defiant, depression, and anxiety) when children were age 3, 6, and 9 years old. Cross-lagged panel analyses revealed that parents and children affected one another in a bidirectional and transactional fashion over the course of the six years studied. Results suggest that children's symptoms may compound over time partially because they reduce exposure to adaptive and increase exposure to maladaptive parenting styles. Likewise, maladaptive parenting may persist over time due to the persistence of children's symptoms.
Geographical variation and temporal trend in anemia among children aged 6–59 months in low- and middle-income countries during 2000–2018: forecasting the 2030 SDG target
Authors: Hasan Md. Mehedi , Magalhaes Ricardo J Soares , Ahmed Saifuddin , Pervin Sonia , Tariqujjaman Md. , Fatima Yaqoot , Mamun Abdullah A 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjective:To examine geographical variations, trends and projections in the prevalence of childhood anemia at national and subpopulation levels.Design:Repeated cross-sectional Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) conducted during 2000–2018.Setting:Fifty-three low- and middle-income countries (LMIC)Participants:Totally, 776 689 children aged 6–59 months.Results:During the latest DHS rounds between 2005 and 2018, the prevalence of child anemia was > 20 % in fifty-two out of fifty-three countries and ranged from 15·9 % in Armenia in 2016 to 87·8 % in Burkina Faso in 2010. Out of thirty-six countries with at least two surveys during 2000–2018, the prevalence of child anemia decreased in twenty-two countries, highest in Zimbabwe (–4·2 %) and increased in fourteen countries, highest in Burundi (5·0 %). Based on the trend, eleven and twenty-two out of thirty-six countries are projected to experience, respectively, moderate and severe public health problem according to the WHO criteria (moderate problem: 20–39·9 % and severe problem: ≥ 40 %) due to child anemia in 2030, with the highest prevalence in Liberia (87·5 %, 95 % credible interval 52·0–98·8 %). The prevalence of child anemia varied across the mother’s education and age, child sex, wealth quintiles, and place of residence, with the highest rate of child anemia among the poorest, rural and low-educated mothers. These scenarios are projected to continue. The probability of reducing child anemia at < 0·5 % by 2030 is 0 % for all study countries.Conclusions:The prevalence of child anemia varied between and within countries. None of the thirty-six LMIC is likely to eradicate child anemia by 2030.
Listening to the voices of adolescents for the design of strategies to promote healthy eating: an exploratory study in a Latin American country
Authors: Ares Gastón , Antúnez Lucía , Alcaire Florencia , Vidal Leticia , Bove Isabel 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjective:To explore adolescents’ views about the foods they consume and to identify their ideas about strategies to encourage healthier eating habits.Design:Individual questionnaires based on open-ended questions and group discussions (6–8 participants) were used to address the objectives. Data were analysed using content analysis based on deductive-inductive coding.Setting:Montevideo and its metropolitan area (Uruguay, Latin America).Participants:Totally, 102 adolescents (aged between 11 and 15 years, 52 % female) recruited at two educational institutions.Results:Adolescents reported frequently consuming ultra-processed products and fast food although they were perceived as bad for their health, whereas they reported an infrequent consumption of fruits and vegetables. Multifaceted strategies to promote healthy eating habits emerged from adolescents’ accounts, including public awareness campaigns, nutrition education programmes, nutrition label standards and regulations, and changes in food availability and affordability.Conclusions:Results from the present work suggest that co-creation with adolescents may be an effective way to inform the development of strategies to promote healthier eating habits. The strategies suggested by adolescents were mainly focused on behaviour change communication, who emphasised the importance of social media and the involvement of celebrities and influencers. The need for educational and communication strategies to raise awareness of the social and environmental drivers of eating patterns among adolescents was identified.