bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Control and analysis of quadcopter flight when setting a complex trajectory of motion
Authors: Bogatov N , Kostin A , Maiorov N 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The article presents the solution to the problem of autonomous piloting of a quadcopter for a complex flight task to determine the positioning error. Mathematical model is proposed for the equation of the dynamics of angular motion in a connected coordinate system to solve this problem. The stages of elaboration and creation of a flight task are considered, a model based on directed graphs is presented, reflecting various options for organizing the movement of a quadcopter. Clover quadcopters were taken as the object of research. The study was carried out in the airfield of the laboratory of unmanned aerial systems of the Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation (SUAI). Fragments of the program code for the implementation of autonomous piloting in Python are given. The flight mission consisted in the formation of the letters SUAI in space. The article discusses the necessary hardware, instrumental systems and camera modes of operation for fixing the movement of the quadcopter. As a result of the research, special photographs of the movement of the quadcopter are taken and the permissible range of positioning errors is determined for performing the flight task.
Landing system of a swarm of small unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Nazarov A , Vospitanyuk A , Pasechnikov R , Pasechnikov I 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The distributed information-measurement and management landing system is proposed to ensure safe landing of a swarm of small unmanned aerial vehicles on a robotic platform. The requirements for the proposed landing system are developed and the system structure diagram is presented. It includes a distributed air traffic control and management system in the landing zone, a space-time unmanned aircraft holding area with an ordered toroidal structure, and a buffer landing zone. When a small unmanned aerial vehicle leaves a holding area for a landing line, it is recommended to use multiple access protocols. The paper specifies the combination of the main elements of the landing system structure diagram, the pattern and features of their functioning, and develops a generalized algorithm for managing a swarm of small unmanned aerial vehicles in the information-measurement and management landing system.
Emergency probability for aircraft vehicle
Authors: Nekhrest-Bobkova A , Burdina A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The probability of an emergency assessment is one of the most important problems in the aviation sector. Timely identification of possible equipment failure can be a solution of this problem, that saves people’s lives. The article considers existing methods for risk assessment. The comparison of these methods is carried out. As a result of this paper, the artificial neural network was designed. The set of vital input parameters was determined during the neural network development. All the input variables are divided into groups. The most promising and accurate approach for probability of an emergency assessing the was determined, which forms the basis of the mechanism for engineering accidents.
Concept for composition of hybrid flying multi-rotor platforms with distributed load and its experimental justification
Authors: Chemodanov V , Gavrilin K , Klimov I , Kotelnikova A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper discusses the main approaches to the development and construction of hybrid flying multi-rotor platforms with separation of lift control functions and angular stabilization functions, called by the authors “distributed load”. A significant factor that limits flight time for majority of multi-rotor platforms is the energy density limit of lithium polymer batteries, which are most commonly used. To solve this problem we analyzed possible ways to increase flight time: replacing the main type of energy carrier for a more energy-intensive one and use of hybrid systems with combination of popular lithium-polymer batteries and a more energy-intensive energy carrier. The analysis was supported by experimental data.
Preventive approach to ensuring the operational reliability of aircraft components
Authors: Papic L , Iosifov P A , Kirillin A V 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The operational safety of technical systems, especially for civil airliners, is largely dependent on the organization of their maintenance. In this case, there are two possible main approaches: service according to the standard, when the information necessary for planning the frequency of service is determined based on the analysis of series of identical products; service according to the actual state, when the state of each specific product is monitored and limit values of parameters set for the product are not exceeded, determining the quality of its functioning, including its reliability and safety. The latter approach is preventive because possible parametric failures are prevented. Using a hypothetical example, the report demonstrates the benefits of transition to condition service, provides limitations and recommendations for using this approach in the maintenance plan creation process.
Methods for designing electrical equipment for testing VLSI used in aviation digital information systems
Authors: Smirnov K , Nazarov A , Ulyahin A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Very-large-scale integrated circuits are widely and successfully used in the artificial intelligence systems and digital signal processing systems on board modern aircraft and space apparatuses through the implementation of complete digital systems on a chip. However, the level of integration of very-large-scale integrated circuits according to Moore’s Law continues to double every 2 years, and today the test equipment for their functional control is working to the limit of its capabilities. Since the development of interface boards (the main unit of test electrical equipment) for testing microcircuits is currently carried out manually, the timing of the release of microcircuits is unacceptably increasing. This article presents the original methods for automating the design of an interface board circuit using the information contained in the test vectors. By eliminating the human factor from the development process of this board, time is significantly reduced and design errors are eliminated.
Development of a model for analyzing the impact of configuration integrity loss on the aircraft product cycle time duration
Authors: Konstantinov I , Tereshonkov V 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
One of the most important criteria in the production of modern aircraft is the length of the production cycle (lead-time). This indicator largely determines the commercial product success. In the framework of this work, issues of ensuring electronic layout and configuration integrity at various life cycle stages of a modern aircraft. The problem started in one aircraft enterprise in case of impossibility to provide assembly ability of different parts. A serious problem is the designation of tolerances on the parts dimensions. A model for eliminating contradictions in deviations created. One of the most important research questions is the issue of reducing the duration of the production cycle through optimization and control of the electronic layout and product configuration. Using modern approaches for setting product dimensional chains, using electronic layout optimization - a list of recommendations for the product design process developed. A methodology compiled to save the integrity of the digital layout at the various aircraft design stages. Was created simulating model which describe all assembly stages. The influence of configuration integrity loss on the product cycle time was shown.
Delphi study on the term ‘students’ conceptions’
Authors: Plotz T , Krumphals I , Haagen-Schützenhöfer C 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The concept of students’ conceptions is central in science education and research. However, a concise and accurate definition of the German term ‘Schülervorstellungen’ (engl. students’ conceptions) is still absent. Therefore, a Delphi study, inviting more than 200 professors and postdoctoral researchers in the field of German-speaking physics education research (PER), was conducted. Main purpose was to find opinions about the necessity for a general definition and if possible, definitions used implicitly in the scientific community of PER. First results indicate a need for a concise definition, especially for its use in physics teacher education. Based on our results, a broader discussion among other subject educational research communities dealing with this term is necessary.
Analysis to Develop Computerized Adaptive Testing with the Force Concept Inventory
Authors: Yasuda J , Mae N , Hull M M , Taniguchi M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
As a method to shorten the test time of the Force Concept Inventory (FCI), Computerized Adaptive Testing (CAT) is suggested. CAT is a test administered on a computer, where items (i.e. questions) are selected based on the responses of examinees to prior items. As a step of the development, we conducted analyses to find an optimal way for the administration of CAT with the FCI. Specifically, since CAT is based on Item Response Theory (IRT), we examined which IRT model is the most preferable. Using 2812 responses of the FCI of Japanese students, we estimated the item parameters of the One-, Two-, Three-, and Four-parameter logistic model of IRT and then we evaluated the statistics for the goodness of fit and for model selection. Based on the analysis, we suggest that the Two-parameter logistic model is the most preferable for the administration of CAT with the FCI.
Bringing the apple to the Moon
Authors: Pereira J A M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Newtonian gravity can be regarded as a hypothetic-deductive system where the inverse square law is the starting point from which gravitational phenomena are deduced. This operational form of presenting gravity endorses problem solving and seems to be predominant in the teaching practice. In contrast, regarding phenomena as a source for the development of the theory is also possible, of course, and can be advantageous to scientific education since it deals with model conception and construction. This article intends to introduce undergraduates to Newtonian gravity using its empirical basis, i.e. the free fall and the planetary motion, to deduce the universal law of gravitation. It also steps into the modern interpretation of gravitational phenomena i.e. Einstein’s general relativity, including a discussion on the instantaneous action at a distance in this context. This didactic presentation of the Newtonian theory of gravity is designed to reach a threefold equality, similar to those applied in the method of separation of variables in partial differential equations, where G is treated as a separation constant. By doing so, the universality of the gravitation constant emerges as a conclusion rather than a statement. A few historical remarks on the development of this topic are also highlighted.
FCHgo: Fuel Cells Hydrogen educational model for schools, an imaginative approach to hydrogen and fuel cell technology for young students and their teachers
Authors: Dumont E , Fuchs H U , Corni F , Contini A , Altiero T , Romagnoli M , Karwasz G P 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this paper we will describe didactic elements in the Horizon 2020 project FCHgo. This project is directed at children and adolescents between 8 and 18 years old. Its ultimate goal is to raise awareness for renewable energy sources, in particular hydrogen as a fuel and fuel cells for electric power. As part of the project, we are developing a toolkit for teachers and pupils, based upon a narrative approach to physical science and engineering. We believe the narrative approach to be best suited for this project because it allows us to take into account the cognitive tools available to pupils at various stages of their development.
Analysis of the explanations of pre-service physics teachers about the Faraday Cage Effect and the Pointed Conductor Effect
Authors: Garrido N , López V , Pintó R 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We study the evolution of the explanations made by a group of pre-service physics teachers when experiencing with two different electrostatic phenomena: the Faraday Cage Effect and the Pointed Conductor Effect. By using a teaching and learning sequence (TLS) to help students improve their understanding about these two electrostatic effects, we find that these explanations improve when teachers are able to combine correctly the electric-field model with the charge-distribution model.
Laboratory of Thinking – diagnosis of teaching science subjects in Poland – physics perspective
Authors: GRECZYŁO T , SOKOŁOWSKA D , DERYŁO Ł 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The paper presents and discusses selected results of national diagnosis of teaching science subjects – physics, biology, chemistry and geography in Poland. The research was carried out at the beginning of the 2017/2018 school year and was the next instalment of research initiated in 2011 by Educational Research Institute (IBE) in Warsaw [1]. Authors elaborate data as a collection of comprehensive results enabling the improvement of science teaching and learning, supporting the creation of legal regulations in the area of education, improving the formula of external examinations as well as teacher education. The discussed data are presented with a special focus on results connected to physics education.
Particulate matter(s!) – Evaluation of a learning environment regarding scientific investigations by data exploration
Authors: Schubatzky T , Bock B , Haagen-Schützenhöfer C 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHow students plan and conduct experimental inquiry has been a major focus in science education research. However, experimental inquiry is not representative for all scientific investigations. So, a focus on experimental inquiry can cause the impression that there is a “single scientific method”. We are currently developing learning environments that focus on another type of inquiry using environmental data from an online data repository. We call this scientific investigation by data exploration. Due to the increased variability in environmental data, ideas of inferential statistics are of extreme importance because causal relationships cannot be directly derived. Hence, the focus of our learning environment is to support students’ skills which are relevant for performing scientific investigations by data exploration. The main goal during the intervention for the students is to identify factors influencing the particulate matter concentration in an Austrian city. In this article, we report the evaluation of our intervention with a cohort of 27 secondary school students. The evaluation shows that students regard particulate matter as a highly interesting. Furthermore, students self-report a high intrinsic motivation during the intervention and feel more informed about the environmental issue of particulate matter after the intervention. However, a few starting points for further improvement of the learning environment were identified and are discussed in this article.
Basic physics course with MATLAB’s symbolic toolbox and live editor
Authors: Bräuer K 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The course offers a compact presentation of the basic content of classical mechanics, quantum mechanics, interaction and chaos theory. In 26 MATLAB Live scripts, the basic physical laws are presented, and examples are solved. Since it is assumed that the reader already has basic knowledge of physics and mathematics, a more modern view of physics, mathematics and calculation can be chosen. The dynamic laws, uniform throughout the course, stem from the concepts of invariance and continuity. Throughout the course, ground vectors and metric are used instead of basis vectors. The use of symbolic computer software enables more complicated problems, vivid graphics, and lots of animation. Students like it because they are play-like. Even students who major in mathematics, computer science and similar subjects have gained a good understanding of the basic physical principles.
Reconsidering Physics Education for better understanding of modern physics
Authors: Giliberti Marco , Organtini Giovanni 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Most current educational presentations of quantum physics still propose the same difficulties that emerged in the early twentieth century, often as a mean to engage students. Those difficulties emerged among physicists mostly because the lack of a suitable meaning of what “reality” has to be considered. Instead of engaging students, those difficulties leave them confused because they lack the awareness of what a physical theory is and its relationship with the experiments. We will discuss this problem, both from the epistemological and the educational point of view and give indications to provide an increasingly solid foundation for the educational reconstructions of quantum physics starting from classical physics that must be reconsidered in view of the final objective rather than opposing it to modern physics.
A path to build basic Quantum Mechanics ideas in the context of light polarization and learning outcomes of secondary students
Authors: Michelini Marisa , Stefanel Alberto 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
There is consensus on the goal to introduce Quantum Mechanics in secondary school curricula for its paradigmatic role in the modern physics. In literature a wide spectra of proposals were developed and tested. With the goal to approach the basic ideas of quantum theory by means of active learning, we design a research based educational path in the context of light polarization, offering an open software environment for ideal experiments. Several Intervention Modules with secondary school students were performed, monitoring the learning paths by means of tutorials and pre-post-test for total about 900 students. Here a homogenous sample of 126 students is considered. Qualitative/quantitative data analysis shows coherent line of reasoning developed by students along the quantum concepts, coherent in some case with a hidden variables approach.
Phantasy and reality-teleportation versus quantum computing
Authors: Nagy Peter , Tasnádi Peter 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Application of quantum theory in informatics and the creation of quantum information devices have revolutionary changed our idea about the information systems. It seems to us that the only question is that quantum computers will be introduced in the next decade or in some years later. Anyhow, we should prepare to teach a radically new paradigm, the quantum algorithms, in informatics. Quantum algorithm can be demonstrated with quantum simulators. The present paper shows an educational material, which facilitates the teaching of this new field. Besides summarising the basic concepts and methods of quantum informatics, the working of a quantum algorithm on a quantum simulator will be also illustrated with the discussion of an exciting quantum physical phenomenon (the teleportation).
An experiment-based module for building quantum mechanics concepts using Mach-Zehnder interferometry
Authors: Daffara Claudia , Monti Francesca 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
To introduce the fundamental concepts and formalism of Quantum Mechanics at the base of Quantum Calculus and Quantum Cryptography we developed an experiment-based module centered on the use of a Mach-Zehnder laser interferometer equipped with linear polarizers. By analyzing the constructive and destructive interference, students are guided to understand the meaning of mutual exclusivity and incompatibility of polarization states (H, V) and (45°, 135°). A MATLAB simulation allows the understanding of the experimental results in terms of single photons. The module was tested as a pilot intervention on a group of Computer Science PhD students at the University of Verona.
Education of Physics Teachers in the 21st Century
Authors: Holubova Renata 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Education in the 21st century requires a new design of educational programs for all types and levels of schools. The pre-graduate physics teacher education faces new requirements from the learning school environment. Now we need to answer the key question, if our university is able to prepare students for their further practice at schools. This paper will present the outcomes of our research aimed at the pedagogical content knowledge of the pre-graduate science teachers. The main goal of the research was to compare the competences of experienced practical teachers and students specialized in teaching during their contiguous teaching practice. Based on the research results the evaluation of the science teacher education program at the Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic, was realized.
Investigating the impact of a tutorial approach in physics teacher education
Authors: Seebacher Robert , Haagen-Schützenhöfer Claudia 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Recently, teacher education in Austria has undergone major changes. Among other factors, profound content knowledge is essential for the professionalisation of teachers and the later quality of their instruction at school. First evaluation findings of our physics teacher education program revealed year two students’ deficits in the conceptual understanding of introductory mechanics. Since conceptual difficulties hinder meaningful learning of advanced topics and the development of pedagogical content knowledge, we adapted courses by integrating parts of tutorials of the University of Washington into the existing courses without changing the entire teaching mode. We used a pre-post-test design to investigate the impact of these short phases of the tutorial approach. The results indicate that this kind of learning opportunities supports students’ conceptual understanding in the field of mechanics. It shows a positive impact on content knowledge and self-efficacy. Students’ feedback on the tutorial approach shows that most students of the intervention groups appreciated this approach and its usefulness. In addition, all students pleaded for continuing the tutorial approach in the calculus-based mechanic course.
Quantum Physics Course for future secondary school teachers: active learning approach and visualization tools
Authors: Koupilová Zdeňka 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This contribution describes aims and implementation of the Quantum Physics course specially designed for future physics teachers at secondary and high schools. Although the course syllabus is the same as for the courses for future physicists, emphasis is placed on understanding of basic concepts and students’ ability to discuss about them. The active learning methods and various means of graphical representations are used to meet this goal. The course has been tuned to its present form for about ten years and reaches very positive feedback from students.