bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Stand Design for an Automatic Wiping Board Concept
Authors: Nută Andrei‐Bogdan , Ulmeanu Mihaela‐Elena , Doicin Cristian‐Vasile , Enache Andrei‐George , Tunsoiu Nicolae 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe current research aims to develop an experimental stand for functionality testing of an automatic wiping board, to establish its optimal working parameters and select the appropriate materials for functional parts based on Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and experiment results. The conducted research started with the conceptual design of the experimental stand and main component identification. Within this stage, a comprehensive bill of materials is done, ensuring that the specifications of each component are in accordance with its’ function within the main assembly. Next, the load cell is fitted with the Arduino board and with a designated computer. The Arduino board is initiated with a programming sequence recommended by the manufacturer and the data acquisition software is programmed using LabView. An initial test of the load cell is undertaken to determine the reading directions and the final experimental stand is assembled. Four tests, each with two travels, are used to analyze the working hypothesis of the wiping board. Results interpretation led to selecting the optimum working parameters of the proposed wiping board concept. The optimum force is used to conduct fatigue FEA on functional parts manufactured from ABS by additive manufacturing and injection molding technologies. Future research includes the integration of a Wi‐Fi and an infrared sensor, to enable remote operation of the system. Also, the functional parts will be 3D printed, fitted onto the experimental stand of the automatic wiping board and tested for fatigue using the parameters set in the FEA simulation.
An Improved Vantage Point Bees Algorithm to Solve Combinatorial Optimization Problems from TSPLIB
Authors: Zeybek Sultan , Ismail Asrul Harun , Hartono Natalia , Caterino Mario , Jiang Kaiwen 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper presents an improved version of the Vantage Point Bees Algorithm (VPBA‐II), which is implemented to solve the Travelling Salesman Problem. The Vantage Point Tree has been used to produce initial tour solutions and also as a global search operator of the proposed algorithm to find the minimal Hamiltonian tour of the Travelling Salesman Problem. VPBA‐II is tested on 15 different benchmark datasets from TSPLIB, particularly for the high dimensional combinatorial solution spaces, and it outperformed the basic Bees Algorithm. The composition of the local search operators combined with Vantage Point Tours perform better except one dataset and achieved optimum results according to best‐known solutions of Travelling Salesman Problem as a best‐case scenario. The experiments prove that Vantage Point Tour construction could be used as initialization and global search operator to improve the basic Bees Algorithm performance on the combinatorial domains.
Assessment on Energy Absorption of Foam Core Sandwich Panels Under Low Velocity Impact
Authors: Mocian Oana Alexandra , Constantinescu Dan Mihai , Indreş Andrei 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe impact resistance and energy absorption capability of lightweight sandwich panels mainly depend on the material properties and geometrical features of the core. To study the energy absorption capabilities of foam core sandwich panels, low velocity impact tests on panels with polyurethane or polystyrene foam core and aluminum facesheets are carried out. The results show that the sandwich panels with polystyrene foam core are potentially an appropriate candidate for energy absorption applications due to their high absorption capabilities and minimum response force transferred from the sandwich panel.
Behavior of Different PLA Sandwich Structures Loaded in Three Points Bending
Authors: Jiga Gabriel Gh. , Burtoiu Mircea G. , Pascu Nicoleta E. , Dobrescu Tiberiu G. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSandwich structures can be classed as composite materials in that they consist of two or more individual components of differing properties which when combined result in a high‐performance material. In contrast to monolithic composites—which consist of an intimate mixture of fibers (glass, Kevlar, carbon etc.) supported within a continuous matrix (e.g., thermoplastic or thermoset resin)—sandwich structures show a discrete structure in which a core material is bonded to, and faced with, a skin material. The skin material usually shows a high stiffness, whereas the core typically has high compressive and shear strength. The primary advantage of a sandwich composite is very high stiffness‐to‐weight and high bending strength‐to‐weight ratio. The sandwich enhances the flexural rigidity of the structure without adding substantial weight. First of all, the core should possess low density in order to add as little as possible to the total weight of the sandwich construction. In this paper, three different core configurations are been studied: honeycomb, inversed honeycomb and Kagome bonded to aluminum skins. The cores are made from PLA using the FDM (fusion deposition method) procedure, on a 3D printer.
Effects of the Surface Finish on Thin Specimens Made by Electron Beam Melting Technology
Authors: De Luca Alessandro , Lamanna Giuseppe , Caputo Francesco , Borrelli Rosario , Franchitti Stefania , Pirozzi Carmine , Sepe Raffale 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAdditive layer manufacturing (ALM) is increasingly attracting the research and industry community interest due to the several benefits provided by the layer‐by‐layer production approach. With respect to the surface finish, process parameters influence significantly the surface roughness. According to the State of the Art, it is found out that the roughness level may affect the structural performance of ALM products by both quasi‐static and fatigue points of view. In this paper, an experimental investigation is proposed, showing that the roughness level plays a more influent role for thin components, with respect to the quasi‐static response. The investigated ALM process concerns the electron beam melting technology.
Structural Analyses of Biodegradable Printed Samples
Authors: Mazurchevici Simona‐Nicoleta , Carausu Constantin , Popa Ramona‐Iuliana , Ciofu Ciprian , Paunoiu Viorel , Baroiu Nicusor , Nedelcu Dumitru 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe aim of the present study is to investigate the chemical and physical structure of two printed lignin/PLA based biodegradable polymers, Fiber Wood® and Arboblend V2 Nature reinforced with Extrudr BDP Pearl. Also, are realized correlations with some previous results published by the research team. The analysis methods used are Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope analysis. The revealed information's confirm the biodegradable structure of the printed samples, thus, facilitating the understanding of some mechanical and thermal characteristics, making it much easier to offer some recommendations regarding the substitution of nonbiodegradable synthetic thermoplastics with Fiber Wood® and Arboblend V2 Nature reinforced with Extrudr BDP Pear materials.
Ergonomic Assessment Methods Enhanced by IoT and Simulation Tools
Authors: Caterino Mario , Manco Pasquale , Rinaldi Marta , Macchiaroli Roberto , Lambiase Alfredo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe advent of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) principles and technologies has been a great boost for manufacturing companies, constantly focused on the production processes optimization in order to reach the double objective of improving productivity and minimizing related costs. Today, the use of I4.0 technologies seems to be more accessible for a large number of companies, allowing to perform a more detailed analysis on their processes by means of experimental data coming directly from the system. In this context, ergonomics, which has been underestimated until 30 years ago, is assuming more and more importance. This paper aims at proposing a methodology focused on an ergonomic analysis carried out by implementing data collected from the field; in particular, a set of inertial sensors integrated in the worker suit detects the body posture. Then, thanks to the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), data are transferred to a simulation software in order to quickly evaluate the current ergonomic effort. In this way, it is possible to perform a real‐time evaluation on the workstation design and consider a possible re‐design with the aim of improving ergonomics.
Human Fatigue Evaluation During Smart Working Sessions
Authors: Rinaldi Marta , Caterino Mario , Manco Pasquale , Fruggiero Fabio , Lambiase Alfredo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn the entire world, 2020 will be remembered as a pandemic year, in which COVID‐19 virus has forced to lockdown entire cities and countries. In this context, the concept of work is radically changed, especially for production companies that are forced to temporarily close their production plants. On the other hand, other professional figures, such as engineers, analysts, call center workers, school and university professors, etc., are experimenting a different way of working, the so‐called “smart working”, namely a type of work free of time and place constraints. This paper aims at investigating how the change of working conditions affects the perceived fatigue by workers. In particular, an experimental study is conducted on some smart workers by means of the PERCLOS (PERcentage of eyelid CLOSure) method, that allows to evaluate sleepiness by recording workers faces during the job and analyzing their mouths and eyes.
The Influence of Chitosan Biopolymer on Aluminum Corrosion Resistance in Chloride Ions Environment
Authors: Cojocaru Anca , Maior Ioana , Ciobotaru Ioana Alina , Văireanu Dănuţ‐Ionel 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe paper presents preliminary studies of the corrosion behavior in NaCl solution of a composite made up of a conversion coating of alumina obtained by sulphuric anodization and chitosan biopolymer. The results obtained from the electrochemical studies (potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) indicate a decrease of the corrosion current density for alumina–chitosan composite and a corrosion resistance improvement comparing to untreated aluminum. The presence of the alumina–chitisan composite stabilizes the passivation behavior of the anodized samples due to the sealing of the alumina pores with chitosan biopolymer.
Digital Enterprise and Cyber Security Evolution
Authors: Raicu Alexandra , Raicu Gabriel 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIndustry 4.0 requires increased connectivity and the use of standard communication protocols which nowadays imply an increased need to protect critical industrial systems and manufacturing lines from cyber threats. One cannot talk about the evolution of the digital enterprise without cyber security. There are a lot of cyber security incidents related to Industry 4.0 and Internet of Things developments. PLM, as a whole concept, is prone to cyber threats due to complex interactions between management of design data, quality management, process management, portfolio management, supply chain management, customer relationship management, and management of whole things which are related to the product. The paper addresses the evolutionary cyber threats in last decade using public resources. At present, the large companies that supply industrial equipment have also taken into account the aspects of cyber security. The paper, also presents certain approaches from a scientific point of view in Constanta Maritime University (CMU) research center for the cyber security. To address this complex research field, CMU started several years ago, a complex research and innovative project related to advanced research, training, and development of new technologies in maritime cyber security. Using the CMU complex cyber security simulator, it is able to generate some massive scenarios in technical related fields such as maritime operations, technical design, and technical simulations and detect potential vulnerabilities. One of these kinds of activities is treated as potential long term risks due to the nature of induced vulnerabilities in PLM software.
The Application of Surface Plasmon Resonance with As2S3 Waveguide for Alcohols Identification
Authors: Popescu Aurelian , Miclos Siron , Savastru Dan , Baschir Laurentiu 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn a composite structure, which contains dielectric‐metal interface, waves of electric charge densities can be initiated. The wave intensity decreases exponentially in adjacent media meaning that the wave closely localized at the interface does exist. Label‐free chemical sensors are realized as the propagation constant of the wave is highly sensitive to the refractive index. Surface plasmons can be excited by incident light flow directed at some specific angle (surface plasmon resonance) with a very sharp shape. In the present paper the possibility of identification of several most common alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, or pentanol, which have different refractive indices, has been studied. The structure is composed of a coupling prism made of rutile (TiO2), a thin gold film, and an amorphous arsenic sulfide (As2S3) thin film.
The deep inferior epigastric lymphatic cable flap connected to gastroepiploic lymph node flap for treatment of refractory chylous ascites: Report of two cases
Authors: Ciudad Pedro , Chen Hung‐Chi , Bustos Samyd S. , Manrique Oscar J. , Bolletta Alberto , Forte Antonio J. , Huayllani Maria T. , Agko Mouchammed , Urbina J. Antonio , Date Shivprasad , Kaya Burak 
Published: April 2021

AbstractChylous ascites is the leakage of lipid‐rich lymph into the peritoneal cavity usually due to disruption of lymphatics or increased peritoneal lymphatic pressure. Various surgical options have been proposed to treat chylous ascites but most have shown suboptimal outcomes. The gastroepiploic vascularized lymph node (GE‐VLN) flap has been described previously for the treatment of lymphedema. In chylous ascites, this flap could provide an alternate drainage pathway for the intraperitoneal chylous fluid. The purpose of this report is to present another option for the microsurgical treatment of refractory chylous ascites. Herein, we report two patients with refractory chylous ascites secondary to cancer who have undergone deep inferior epigastric‐based lymphatic “cable” flap (DIE‐LCF) connected to a pedicle GE‐VLN flap. Patients were followed‐up for a minimum of 2 years. Within the first 3 months following surgery, the patient's nutritional parameters improved along with drastic reduction of ascites. At 2 years follow‐up postoperative abdominal circumference decreased significantly. None required further peritoneal paracentesis and all patients were free of chylous ascites symptoms. In conclusion, the DIE‐LCF connected to a pedicle GE‐VLN flap could be a feasible option for the microsurgical treatment of refractory chylous ascites.
Classifying Individuals Into a Dietary Pattern Based on Metabolomic Data
Authors: Prendiville Orla , Walton Janette , Flynn Albert , Nugent Anne P. , McNulty Breige A. , Brennan Lorraine 
Published: April 2021

ScopeThe objectives are to develop a metabolomic‐based model capable of classifying individuals into dietary patterns and to investigate the reproducibility of the model.Methods and ResultsK‐means cluster analysis is employed to derive dietary patterns using metabolomic data. Differences across the dietary patterns are examined using nutrient biomarkers. The model is used to assign individuals to a dietary pattern in an independent cohort, A‐DIET Confirm (n= 175) at four time points. The stability of participants to a dietary pattern is assessed. Four dietary patterns are derived: moderately unhealthy, convenience, moderately healthy, and prudent. The moderately unhealthy and convenience patterns has lower adherence to the alternative healthy eating index (AHEI) and the alternative mediterranean diet score (AMDS) compared to the moderately healthy and prudent patterns (AHEI = 24.5 and 22.9 vs 26.7 and 28.4,p< 0.001). The dietary patterns are replicated in A‐DIET Confirm, with good reproducibility across four time points. The stability of participants’ dietary pattern membership ranged from 25.0% to 61.5%.ConclusionThe multivariate model classifies individuals into dietary patterns based on metabolomic data. In an independent cohort, the model classifies individuals into dietary patterns at multiple time points furthering the potential of such an approach for nutrition research.
Magnetic resonance biomarkers in radiation oncology: The report of AAPM Task Group 294
Authors: McGee Kiaran P. , Hwang Ken‐Pin , Sullivan Daniel C. , Kurhanewicz John , Hu Yanle , Wang Jihong , Li Wen , Debbins Josef , Paulson Eric , Olsen Jeffrey R. , Hua Chia‐ho , Warner Lizette , Ma Daniel , Moros Eduardo , Tyagi Neelam , Chung Caroline 
Published: April 2021

PurposeA magnetic resonance (MR) biologic marker (biomarker) is a measurable quantitative characteristic that is an indicator of normal biological and pathogenetic processes or a response to therapeutic intervention derived from the MR imaging process. There is significant potential for MR biomarkers to facilitate personalized approaches to cancer care through more precise disease targeting by quantifying normal versus pathologic tissue function as well as toxicity to both radiation and chemotherapy. Both of which have the potential to increase the therapeutic ratio and provide earlier, more accurate monitoring of treatment response. The ongoing integration of MR into routine clinical radiation therapy (RT) planning and the development of MR guided radiation therapy systems is providing new opportunities for MR biomarkers to personalize and improve clinical outcomes. Their appropriate use, however, must be based on knowledge of the physical origin of the biomarker signal, the relationship to the underlying biological processes, and their strengths and limitations. The purpose of this report is to provide an educational resource describing MR biomarkers, the techniques used to quantify them, their strengths and weakness within the context of their application to radiation oncology so as to ensure their appropriate use and application within this field.
Novel Protocol for Resole Phenol Formaldehyde Resins Synthesis with Tubular Reactor and Characterization
Authors: Pullichola Abdul Habid , Varghese Lity Alen , Unnikrishnan Gopalakrishna Panicker , Das Kottotil Mohan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA novel strategy has been established, in the laboratory scale, for the generation of the popular thermosetting resin phenol formaldehyde (PF; resole), through a continuous process using a tubular reactor, which is usually developed in the commercial scale through a batch process. A refractive index technique is employed to evaluate the optimum residence time within the tubular reactor to obtain a commercial grade equivalent of PF resin. The unreacted free formaldehyde level has been found to be very low in the resole resin prepared by using the new route. The initial characterization of the resin has been done through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography. The cure characteristics of the resin have been analyzed through differential scanning calorimetry. The degradation features of the cured resole are investigated using a thermo gravimetric analyzer and the fractured surfaces are analyzed through scanning electron microscopy. It has been confirmed that the adverse effects of a batch reactor process can be significantly reduced by adopting a continuous resin manufacturing process for PF resin which can be successfully extended to commercialization after optimization.
Evaluating Alternative Hierarchical Modeling Approaches for the Estimation of Salmonid Smolt Abundance
Authors: Payton Quinn , Som Nicholas A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Calibrated estimates of fisheries population abundance are vital in the development and appraisal of management actions. Capture–recapture (CR) experiments are invaluable monitoring tools for estimating abundance of biological populations in general. Many researchers, including those studying out-migrating juvenile Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in the Klamath Basin of Oregon and California, have attempted to employ Bayesian B-splines to smooth temporal variation in abundance estimates. However, concerns about overfitting and reduced precision are common with this approach. We conducted a simulation study assessing the relative fit of the standard Bayesian B-spline implementation—a B-spline model of abundance with a random effects (RE) binomial model of recapture probabilities—in comparison with that of three alternative model options: a B-spline model of abundance with an autoregressive (AR) model of recapture; an AR model of abundance with an RE model of recapture, and an AR model of abundance with an AR model of recapture. We analyzed 1–3 years of CR data from three rotary screw trap sites and simulated data sets of variable completeness to assess each model’s strengths and weaknesses in estimating the underlying data. Results demonstrated that in general, an AR model of abundance coupled with an RE binomial model of recapture was the least biased model, consistently exhibiting no greater than 5% bias in abundance estimates across data sets. The B-spline abundance models were able to produce narrower 95% credible intervals (CRIs), ranging from 15% to 30% of the parameterized annual abundance value, compared to CRI widths between 23% and 54% from the AR models. However, these narrower CRI widths were commonly errant, with coverage probability rates as low as 50–70% in half of the simulated data set collections compared to over 90% coverage for the AR models. These analyses provide valuable insight and caution for researchers employing modern methods of modeling abundance in natural populations.