bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crystal Structure Analysis and Magneto‐Transport Investigation of Co1−xFexSi (with x = 0% to x = 20%)
Authors: Schnatmann Lauritz , Lammel Michaela , Damm Christine , Levin Aleksandr A. , Pérez Nicolas , Novikov Sergey , Burkov Alexander , Reith Heiko , Nielsch Kornelius , Schierning Gabi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCobalt monosilicide, CoSi, belongs to the new class of materials, featuring Weyl nodes in the bulk band structure, located very close to the Fermi energy. By shifting the chemical potential into these Weyl nodes using Fe‐doping, quantum effects like the chiral anomaly and weak anti localization have been evidenced. However, the behavior of these effects with respect to the doping concentration is largely unexplored. Crystal structure and the electrical transport properties in single crystalline CoSi micro‐ribbons with different Fe‐doping are studied to identify the characteristic temperatures of electronic quantum and correlation effects. For the crystal structure analysis, transmission electron microscopy and powder X‐ray diffraction analysis with a refined structural model is performed based on Le Bail fitting to analyze the lattice parameter. Hereby, the change of the lattice parameter of Co1−xFexSi is shown with increasing Fe content. In the electrical transport analysis, the occurrence of chiral anomaly and the weak anti localization effect in Fe‐doped CoSi are presented. It is shown that these effect can be tailored by Fe‐doping in CoSi.
Unraveling the Charge‐Carrier Dynamics from the Femtosecond to the Microsecond Time Scale in Double‐Cable Polymer‐Based Single‐Component Organic Solar Cells
Authors: He Yakun , Wang Bingzhe , Lüer Larry , Feng Guitao , Osvet Andres , Heumüller Thomas , Liu Chao , Li Weiwei , Guldi Dirk M. , Li Ning , Brabec Christoph J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSingle‐component organic solar cells (SCOSCs) have witnessed great improvement during the last few years with the champion efficiency jumping from the previous 2–3% to currently 6–11% for the representative material classes. However, the photophysics in many of these materials has not been sufficiently investigated, lacking essential information regarding charge‐carrier dynamics as a function of microstructure, which is highly demanded for a better understanding and potential guidance for further improvements. In this work, for the first time, the charge‐carrier dynamics of a representative double‐cable polymer, which achieves efficiencies of over 6% as an active layer in SCOSCs, is investigated across seven orders of magnitude in time scale, from fs–ps charge generation to ns–µs charge recombination processes. Specific emphasis is placed on understanding the impact of thermal post‐treatment on the charge dissociation and recombination dynamics. Annealing the photoactive layer at 230 °C results in the highest photovoltaic performance because of efficient charge generation in parallel to suppressed recombination. This work intends to present a complete picture of the charge‐carrier dynamics in SCOSCs using the representative double‐cable polymer PBDBPBICl.
Truncating and zinc‐finger variants in GLI2 are associated with hypopituitarism
Authors: Corder Megan L. , Berland Siren , Førsvoll Jostein A. , Banerjee Indraneel , Murray Phil , Bratland Eirik , Gokhale David , Houge Gunnar , Douzgou Sofia 
Published: December 2021

AbstractVariants in transcription factor GLI2 have been associated with hypopituitarism and structural brain abnormalities, occasionally including holoprosencephaly (HPE). Substantial phenotypic variability and nonpenetrance have been described, posing difficulties in the counseling of affected families. We present three individuals with novel likely pathogenic GLI2 variants, two with truncating and one with a de novo missense variant p.(Ser548Leu), and review the literature for comprehensive phenotypic descriptions of individuals with confirmed pathogenic (a) intragenic GLI2 variants and (b) chromosome 2q14.2 deletions encompassing only GLI2. We show that most of the 31 missense variants previously reported as pathogenic are likely benign or, at most, low‐risk variants. Four Zn‐finger variants: p.(Arg479Gly), p.(Arg516Pro), p.(Gly518Lys), and p.(Tyr575His) were classified as likely pathogenic, and three other variants as possibly pathogenic: p.(Pro253Ser), p.(Ala593Val), and p.(Pro1243Leu). We analyze the phenotypic descriptions of 60 individuals with pathogenic GLI2 variants and evidence a morbidity spectrum that includes hypopituitarism (58%), HPE (6%) or other brain structure abnormalities (15%), orofacial clefting (17%) and dysmorphic facial features (35%). We establish that truncating and Zn‐finger variants in GLI2 are associated with a high risk of hypopituitarism, and that a solitary median maxillary central incisor is part of the GLI2‐related phenotypic variability. The most prevalent phenotypic feature is post‐axial polydactyly (65%) which is also the mildest phenotypic expression of the condition, reported in many parents of individuals with systemic findings. Our approach clarifies clinical risks and the important messages to discuss in counseling for a pathogenic GLI2 variant.
Measuring the patient experience of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis: qualitative development of a novel symptom diary
Authors: O'Quinn Sean , Shih Vivian H. , Martin Ubaldo J. , Meyers Oren , Crooks Patrick , Bailey Julie , Slagle Ashley F. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis qualitative study assessed the experience of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (NP) to inform the development of a novel symptom diary for clinical study use.MethodsConcept elicitation and cognitive interviews were conducted with patients who had a physician‐verified diagnosis of NP and a history of intranasal corticosteroid use. Concepts were identified via open‐ended and follow‐up questions. Relative symptom/impact disturbance level was assessed using a scale of 0 (not at all disturbing) to 10 (extremely disturbing).ResultsPatients (n = 30) attributed numerous symptoms and impacts to NP; the most prevalent and disturbing were nasal congestion (identified by 100% of patients; average disturbance rating = 7.9), nasal blockage/obstruction (97%; 8.2), difficulty with sense of smell (97%; 7.6), facial pressure (90%; 6.2), postnasal drip (87%; 6.5), runny nose (87%; 6.2), facial pain (80%; 6.3), and headache (77%; 6.5). These symptoms, along with the impact of NP on sleep and daily activities, were included in the Nasal Polyposis Symptom Diary (NPSD). Cognitive interviews confirmed that patients understood the NPSD items and could select a response reflective of their experience at its worst over the past 24 hours using a four‐point scale (none, mild, moderate, or severe).ConclusionThe most relevant and disturbing symptoms, according to patients with NP, were included in the NPSD. Interviews confirmed the suitability of NPSD in capturing the daily experience of patients. These findings support the content validity of the NPSD as a suitable tool for capturing NP symptoms and impacts.
An Activity‐Based Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for In Vivo Real‐Time Imaging of Hydrogen Molecules
Authors: Gong Wanjun , Jiang Lingdong , Zhu Yanxia , Jiang Mengna , Chen Danyang , Jin Zhaokui , Qin Shucun , Yu Zhiqiang , He Qianjun 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTo reveal the biomedical effects and mechanisms of hydrogen molecules urgently needs hydrogen molecular imaging probes as an imperative tool, but the development of these probes is extremely challenging. A catalytic hydrogenation strategy is proposed to design and synthesize a ratiometric fluorescent probe by encapsulating Pd nanoparticles and conjugating azido‐/coumarin‐modified fluorophore into mesoporous silica nanoparticles, realizing in vitro and in vivo fluorescence imaging of hydrogen molecules. The developed hydrogen probe exhibits high sensitivity, rapid responsivity, high selectivity and low detection limit, enabling rapid and real‐time detection of hydrogen molecules both in cells and in the body of animal and plant. By application of the developed fluorescent probe, we have directly observed the super‐high transmembrane and ultrafast transport abilities of hydrogen molecules in cells, animals and plants, and discovered in vivo high diffusion of hydrogen molecules.
On the thermogravimetric analysis of polymers: Polyethylene oxide powder and nanofibers
Authors: Omosola Oriretan , Chipara Dorina Magdalena , Uddin Mohammad , Lozano Karen , Alcoutlabi Mataz , Padilla Victoria , Chipara Mircea 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThermogravimetric analysis of polyethylene oxide (powder and nanofibers obtained by force spinning water or chloroform solutions of polyethylene oxide) was studied using different theoretical models such as Friedman and Flynn‐Wall‐Ozawa. A semiempirical approach for estimating the “sigmoid activation energy” from the thermal degradation was suggested and confirmed by the experimental data on PEO powder and nanofibers' mats. The equation allowed for calculating a “sigmoid activation energy” from a single thermogram using a single heating rate without requiring any model for the actual complex set of chemical reactions involved in the thermal degradation process. For PEO (powder and nanofibers obtained from water solutions), the “sigmoid activation energy” increased as the heating rate was increased. The sigmoid activation energy for PEO mats obtained from chloroform solutions exhibited a small decrease as the heating rate was increased. Thermograms' derivatives were fitted to determine the coordinates of the inflection points. The “sigmoid activation energy” was compared to the activation energy determined from the Flynn‐Wall‐Ozawa model. Similarities between the thermal degradation of polyethylene oxide powder and of the nanofibers obtained from water solutions were discussed. Significant differences between the sigmoid activation energies of the mats obtained from water and chloroform solutions were reported.
Evaluation of a delay and denial tolerance program to increase appropriate waiting trained via telehealth
Authors: Edelstein Matthew L. , Becraft Jessica L. , Gould Kaitlin , Sullivan Alicia 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe literature on the systematic application of delay and denial to reinforcement is limited to specific delivery models (i.e., in‐person discrete teaching) and particular settings (i.e., highly controlled laboratory or clinical settings). The purpose of the current study is threefold: 1) to extend previous research on a functional communication and delay and denial tolerance training by teaching procedures to caregivers systematically via a telehealth service delivery model, 2) to evaluate delayed access to reinforcement in different clinical populations, and 3) to modify previously published procedures in order to increase participant exposure to evocative setting events. Parents were trained to deliver all direct assessment and intervention procedures to five children, aided by in vivo coaching by their therapists. All participants were able to meet their terminal wait criterion while achieving behavior reductions greater than 90% of baseline. Implications for continued use of telehealth as a primary means of service delivery are discussed.
Hydrostatic pressure promotes chondrogenic differentiation and microvesicle release from human embryonic and bone marrow stem cells
Authors: Luo Lu , Foster Nicola C. , Man Kenny L. , Brunet Mathieu , Hoey David A. , Cox Sophie C. , Kimber Susan J. , El Haj Alicia J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMechanical stimulation plays in an important role in regulating stem cell differentiation and their release of extracellular vesicles (EVs). In this study, effects of low magnitude hydrostatic pressure (HP) on the chondrogenic differentiation and microvesicle release from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and human bone marrow stem cells (hBMSCs) are examined. hESCs were differentiated into chondroprogenitors and then embedded in fibrin gels and subjected to HP (270 kPa, 1 Hz, 5 days per week). hBMSC pellets were differentiated in chondrogenic media and subjected to the same regime. HP significantly enhanced ACAN expression in hESCs. It also led to a significant increase in DNA content, sGAG content and total sGAG/DNA level in hBMSCs. Furthermore, HP significantly increased microvesicle protein content released from both cell types. These results highlight the benefit of HP bioreactor in promoting chondrogenesis and EV production for cartilage tissue engineering.
Time‐domain graphic interface for teaching transient stability
Authors: de Jesus Fernandes Luis F. , da Costa Júnior Edson A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe understanding of transient stability in power systems is one of the most challenging research areas in electrical engineering. The transient stability analysis is considered a domain gramental topic to Electric Engineering undergraduate programs. In this paper, we propose a software oriented for teaching transient stability in undergraduate courses in electrical engineering. The final goal of this simulator is to present timely information about stability margins. The efficacy of the proposed simulator is assessed in a multimachine transmission system using MATLAB simulation under various transient disturbances and operating conditions. It will be shown that the proposed software facilitates the understanding and learning of the basic concepts of transient stability. The teaching experience was evaluated through a survey of several simulations answered by the students enrolled in the last five semesters. On the basis of student responses, the inclusion of the software in regular classes improved learning of the fundamental concepts of the course subject.
Filanesib plus bortezomib and dexamethasone in relapsed/refractory t(11;14) and 1q21 gain multiple myeloma
Authors: Pan Darren , Kaufman Jonathan L. , Htut Myo , Agrawal Manish , Mazumder Amitabha , Cornell Robert F. , Zonder Jeffrey A. , Fay Joseph W. , Modiano Manuel R. , Moshier Erin L. , Rush Selena A. , Tunquist Brian J. , Chari Ajai 
Published: December 2021

AbstractFilanesib is a first‐in‐class kinesin spindle protein inhibitor which demonstrated safety and encouraging activity in combination with bortezomib and dexamethasone in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma in a preliminary analysis of dose‐escalation phase results. This multicenter study included first a dose‐escalation phase to determine maximum tolerated dose of two schedules of filanesib, bortezomib, and dexamethasone and a subsequent dose‐expansion phase using the maximum tolerated doses. In the dose‐expansion phase, 28 patients were evaluable for safety and efficacy. The most common grade ≥3 adverse events were neutropenia (21%) and anemia (18%), which were noncumulative and reversible, and hypertension (18%). The overall response rate was 43% with median duration of response not yet reached (range, 2.8–23.7+ months) with median follow‐up of 6.3 months. A post hoc analysis incorporated 29 dose‐escalation phase patients who received therapeutic filanesib doses, with an overall response rate of 39% and median duration of response of 18.0 months among the 57 total patients with median progression‐free survival of 8.5 months. Notably, the PFS of high risk patients was comparable at 8.5 months, driven by the patients with 1q21 gain, characterized by increased MCL‐1 expression, with a PFS of 9.1 months versus 3.5 months for the remainder of high risk patients. Patients with t(11;14) also had an encouraging PFS of 15.0 months. The combination of filanesib, bortezomib, and dexamethasone continues to show safety and encouraging activity in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, particularly in those patients with 1q21 gain and t(11;14).
Defining comprehensive biomarker‐related testing and treatment practices for advanced non‐small‐cell lung cancer: Results of a survey of U.S. oncologists
Authors: Mileham Kathryn F. , Schenkel Caroline , Bruinooge Suanna S. , Freeman‐Daily Janet , Basu Roy Upal , Moore Amy , Smith Robert A. , Garrett‐Mayer Elizabeth , Rosenthal Lauren , Garon Edward B. , Johnson Bruce E. , Osarogiagbon Raymond U. , Jalal Shadia , Virani Shamsuddin , Weber Redman Mary , Silvestri Gerard A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundAn ASCO taskforce comprised of representatives of oncology clinicians, the American Cancer Society National Lung Cancer Roundtable (NLCRT), LUNGevity, the GO2 Foundation for Lung Cancer, and the ROS1ders sought to: characterize U.S. oncologists’ biomarker ordering and treatment practices for advanced non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC); ascertain barriers to biomarker testing; and understand the impact of delays on treatment decisions.MethodsWe deployed a survey to 2374 ASCO members, targeting U.S. thoracic and general oncologists.ResultsWe analyzed 170 eligible responses. For non‐squamous NSCLC, 97% of respondents reported ordering tests for EGFR, ALK, ROS1, and BRAF. Testing for MET, RET, and NTRK was reported to be higher among academic versus community providers and higher among thoracic oncologists than generalists. Most respondents considered 1 (46%) or 2 weeks (52%) an acceptable turnaround time, yet 37% usually waited three or more weeks to receive results. Respondents who waited ≥3 weeks were more likely to defer treatment until results were reviewed (63%). Community and generalist respondents who waited ≥3 weeks were more likely to initiate non‐targeted treatment while awaiting results. Respondents <5 years out of training were more likely to cite their concerns about waiting for results as a reason for not ordering biomarker testing (42%, vs. 19% with ≥6 years of experience).ConclusionsRespondents reported high biomarker testing rates in patients with NSCLC. Treatment decisions were impacted by test turnaround time and associated with practice setting and physician specialization and experience.
Nanofluids as heat transfer fluids: Hurdles to industrial application and economic considerations
Authors: Karthikeyan Adya , Raphael Wendell , Tavares Jason R. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNanofluids have gained substantial interest over the past years due to their enhanced thermal properties. However, these nanoparticle dispersions remain scarcely used in industrial applications. In this work, we demonstrate how the stability of nanofluids and economic factors are the major hurdles preventing their industrial large‐scale use through an economic analysis. The cost‐effectiveness of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT)–water and copper oxide–water nanofluids used in a concentric tube heat exchanger as substitutes for freshwater was assessed in four different scenarios. It was determined that three of the four cases were not economically viable, as a deficit was generated due to a recurring annual investment for the renewal of the nanofluids because they destabilized with time. The fourth case, however, was sustainable because of the nanofluid's high stability (5 years) and showed a payback period on investment of less than a year. Finally, a tool illustrating the operating window for nanofluid economics in our selected heat exchanger geometry was developed.
Preparation of nano‐micelles of meloxicam for transdermal drug delivery and simulation of drug release: A computational supported experimental study
Authors: Poustforoosh Alireza , Hashemipour Hassan , Pardakhty Abbas , Pour Maryam Kalantari 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMeloxicam (MLX) is a generic drug with a wide range of pharmaceutical applications in the world. In this study, the nanostructural form of MLX was prepared using the microemulsion (ME) method. The size distribution of droplets was measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS). Among several substances, oleic acid was chosen as the oily phase, and Tween 80/PEG 400 (1/1) and Tween 80/ethanol (2/1) were selected as surfactants and co‐surfactants to create a stable and large area of the ME zone. The droplet sizes for MEs created for Tween/ethanol and Tween/PEG 400 were about 13 and 800 nm, respectively. This shows that the ME is in the form of nano‐micelles. Despite the small size of Tween/ethanol, the release amount of the drug from Tween/PEG 400 was higher. The release rate of the drug formulation and its variation were experimentally investigated in the Franz diffusion cell using UV spectroscopy detection. In addition, the simulation of the drug release was carried out. The diffusion coefficient of Tween 80/ethanol (1/1), calculated using the simulation, was about 16.8 × 10−13 cm2/s, and it was predicted that the maximum percentage of release after 24 h would be about 70%. Finally, the release of MLX in the skin tissue was predicted by applying the rate of metabolism in the simulation. The results showed that the maximum percentage of MLX released into the skin was about 40%.
Poly(ionic liquid)‐Based Energy and Electronic Devices
Authors: Guo Jiangna , Sun Zhe , Zhou Yingjie , Yan Feng 
Published: December 2021

Comprehensive SummaryPoly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) refer to a polymeric architecture with repeating ionic liquid species in each unit. They are attracting rapidly increasing interest because of their diverse structures and facial processability. Our group focused on the design and synthesis of PILs for various applications in the past decade, including polyelectrolytes, biomedical materials, and other related fields. In this review, we briefly summarized our recent studies on the application of PILs for energy and electronic devices, emphasizing the controllable synthesis and regulation of specific structures and functions. The unique properties and designable structures of PILs will inspire further investigation in an extensive variety of potential applications.
What is the most favorite and original chemistry developed in your research group?Synthesis and application of poly(ionic liquid)s for various applications, including polyelectrolytes for energy devices, smart windows, as well as biomedical applications.How do you get into this specific field? Could you please share some experiences with our readers?About 15 years ago, I was attracted by the novel properties of ionic liquids, which encouraged me to engage in ionic liquids with polymer science. Keep curiosity, keep learning and hard‐working are very important.How do you supervise your students?I always encourage my students to innovate and enjoy their scientificresearch. I would like to see motivated and determined characters from my students.What is the most important personality for scientific research?I think the most important personality for scientific research is keeping curiosity, innovative spirit and persistence.How do you keep balance between research and family?Both research and family are important in my life. I work hard during working hours while spending time with my family as much as possible after work.Who influences you mostly in your life?My parents and Prof. Gi Xue.