bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interactive Analysis Between Gastrointestinal Bacteria and Immune Capacities of Yellow-Feathered Chickens to Flavonoids Supplement
Authors: Xue Fuguang , Wan Gen , Xiao Yunsen , Chen Chuanbin , Qu Mingren , Xu Lanjiao 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of replacing antibiotics with Kudzu-leaf flavonoids (KLF) on the growth performances, immune capacity, and gastrointestinal health of Yellow-feathered broilers. For this purpose, total of 216 one-day-old male Yellow-feathered chickens with the similar birth weight (31.0±1.0g) were randomly divided into 3 treatments: the control treatment (CON), the kudzu-leaf flavonoids supplement treatment (KLF), and the antibiotics supplementation treatment (AGP). All birds were provided with a 56d-feeding procedure, followed by the measurement of production performances, immune organs, blood anti-oxidant parameters and cecal microbiota. Results showed the feed conversion ratio significantly decreased after KLF supplement compared with CON (P< 0.05), while no significant differences for immune organ indexes among the three treatments (P > 0.05). Further, anti-oxidant activities were partly promoted after KLF supplement on account of the increased activity of Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the decrease content of malondialdehyde (MDA). Cecal microbiota results showed a significant promition of bacterial diversity and partial representative probiotic bacteria (P<0.05) after KLF supplementation. Moreover, correlation analysis indicated that probitics including Bifidobacterium, Butyricimonas, Lactobacillus, and Streptococcus positively correlated with production performances while negatively correlated with immune organs. In conclusion, KLF supplement may promote feed efficiency and benefit the gastrointestinal health through improving gut bacterial diversity and probiotic bacteria. The KLF might be applied as a proper antibiotic alternative.
Clinical Lessons of MSC Therapy Over the Past 15 Years: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Yang , Yi Hanxiao , Song Yancheng 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Despite increasing clinical investigations in emphasizing the safety of MSC therapy in different populations with different diseases, recently, no article overall reviewed the side events in all populations.Aim: To evaluate the safety of MSC therapy in all populations receiving MSC therapy and explore the potential heterogeneities influencing the clinical application of MSC.Methods: The databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus were searched from onset until March 1st, 2021. Results: All side events were displayed as odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI (confidential intervals). Totally, 62 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that enrolled 3546 participants diagnosed with various diseases (about 20 kinds of diseases) treated with intravenous or local implantation vs placebo, or no treatment were included. All studies were high quality, neither serious publication bias nor serious adverse events (such as death and infection) were discovered across included studies. The pooled analysis demonstrated that MSC administration was extremely associated with transient fever [OR, 3.65, 95% CI: 2.05 to 6.49, p<0.01], administration site conditions [OR, 1.98, 95% CI: 1.01 to 3.87, p=0.05], constipation [OR, 2.45, 95% CI: 1.01 to 5.97, p=0.05], fatigue [OR, 2.99, 95% CI: 1.06 to 8.44, p=0.04], and sleeplessness [OR, 5.90, 95% CI: 1.04 to 33.47, p=0.05]. Interestingly, MSC administration trended to lower rather than boost the incidence rate of arrhythmia [OR, 0.62, 95% CI: 0.36 to 1.07, p=0.09]. Conclusions: Conclusively, MSC administration was safe in different populations compared with the other placebo modalities.
Comparison of Diagnostic Performance of Classification Trees and Hematological Discrimination Functions for Differential Diagnosis between the Two Common Hematologic Disorders: An Application of Multidimensional Scaling and Cluster Analysis
Authors: Rahim Fakher , Kazemnejad Anoshirvan , Jahangiri Mina , Malehi Amal Saki , Gohari Kimiya 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Several hematological indices have been already proposed to discriminate between iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and β‐thalassemia trait (βTT). The aim of the present study was to compare the diagnostic performance of different hematological discrimination indices with statistical methods such as decision trees to discriminate IDA from βTT.Methods: Consisting of 1178 patients with hypochromic microcytic anemia (708 patients with βTT and 470 patients with IDA), this cross-sectional study intended to compare the diagnostic performance of 43 hematological discrimination indices and tree-based methods such as J48, CART, Evtree, Ctree, QUEST, CRUISE as well as GUIDE to discriminate IDA from βTT. Moreover, multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis were used to identify the homogeneous subgroups of discrimination methods with similar performances.Results: All the classification tree algorithms showed acceptable accuracy measures for discrimination between IDA and βTT in comparison with other hematological discrimination indices. The results indicated that CRUISE tree algorithm had better diagnostic performance and efficiency among other discrimination methods. In turn, this tree algorithm showed the high Youden's index (88.03%), accuracy (94.57%), diagnostic odds ratio (311.63) and F-measure (95.54%) in the differential diagnosis of IDA from βTT. In addition, AUC of this algorithm indicated more precise classification with a value of 0.94 and this model was found to have excellent diagnostic accuracy. Also, CRUISE tree algorithm showed that Mean corpuscular volume can be considered as the main variable in discrimination as it extracted six homogenous subgroups of patients.Conclusions: CRUISE tree algorithm as a powerful method in data mining techniques can be used to develop accurate differential methods along with other laboratory parameters to discriminate IDA from βTT.
Female Reproductive Failures in Mouse Adolescent Pregnancy
Authors: Yang Chen , Li Yue , Pan Hai-Yang , Li Meng-Yuan , Pan Ji-Min , Chen Si-Ting , Zhang Hai-Yi , Yang Zhen-Shan , Dou Hai-Ting , Yang Zeng-Ming 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: There are around 300 million adolescent pregnancies worldwide, accounting for 11% of all births worldwide. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that many adverse perinatal outcomes are associated with adolescent pregnancies. However, how and why these abnormalities occur remain to be defined. Methods: To compare uterine maturity, implantation, decidualization and placental development between 25-30 days old and 3 months old mature female CD-1 strain mice. Both in vivo mouse pregnancy and in vitro cell culture were used. Western blot, real time RT-PCR, immunostaining and immunofluorescence were used to study the progress of pregnancy during two groups.Results: We found the litter size of adolescent pregnancy is significantly decreased from F1 to F3 generations compared to mature pregnancy. On days 8 and 12 of pregnancy, multiple abnormalities in placental and decidual developments appear in F3 adolescent pregnancy. On days 5 and 8, uterine endoplasmic reticulum stress is dysregulated compared to mature pregnancy. Embryo implantation and decidualization are also compromised in adolescent pregnancy. Many genes are abnormally expressed in adolescent estrous uteri. Conclusion: The uterine immaturities and abnormal implantation may cause multiple pregnancy failures in adolescent pregnancy.
Facile Fabrication and Characterization of Sb(III)- Impregnated Magnetic Carbon Nitride Nanosheets: Evaluation of Its Catalytic Activity for Greener Synthesis of Biologically Relevant Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines
Authors: Azhdari Asieh , Azizi N. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The magnetic nanoparticle (Fe3O4) and catalytic antimony trichloride (SbCl3) were co-immobilized in the graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (SbCl3@Fe3O4/g‑C3N4) using a straightforward solvent evaporation process. The designed catalysts showed excellent catalytic activity for the Groebke–Blackburn–Bienaymé multicomponent reaction for the preparation of substituted imidazo[1, 2-a]pyridines at room temperature. This convergent synthetic protocol enabled molecular diversity synthesis under appealingly mild conditions with operational simplicity in a selective, time, and cost‐effective manner. X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopies (FTIR), thermogravimetry (TG), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), indicate the structural integrity of all components. The combination of environmentally benign reaction conditions, effortless composite recyclability offers magnetic carbon nitride economically viable for industrial processes.
The Preparation of Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) using Natural dyes Extracted from Terminalia Cattappa Leaves based on Mg doped ZnO as Photoanode.
Authors: E Selva Esakki , L Renuga Devi , S Sarathi , S Meenakshi Sundar 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We report a novel type of Mg-doped ZnO nanoparticles prepared on solvothermal route nanoparticles at different concentrations (2%,4%,6%, and 8%) and used Mg-ZnO as photoanode for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) fabrication. DSSC using Mg-doped ZnO as a semiconductor material and natural dyes Terminalia cattappa as sensitizer were successfully produced. The structural, optical spectra of Mg-ZnO nanopowder were studied using XRD, FESEM-EDX, TEM, SAED patterns, and UV-Visible Spectra, Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR). The XRD results show that the crystal size also increases by increasing the dopant concentration of the Mg-doped ZnO sample. The optical spectra show the absorption of the samples increases with the increases of concentration using the UV-Visible analysis and the bandgap energy is calculated by Tauc plot. Mg-doped ZnO nanoparticles prepared at different concentrations were used for the fabrication of DSSC. Furthermore, from the J-V graph, 8% concentration is more effective than other concentrations.
Wildfire Smoke Exposure Is Associated With Severe Pulmonary Exacerbation in Adult Cystic Fibrosis Patients
Authors: Cook Lily Amanda , Collins Bethany , Trimble Aaron 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
PurposeBecause pulmonary exacerbations in cystic fibrosis cause a step-wise decline in FEV1 function and contribute significantly to disease progression, it is important to identify potential environmental triggers. Studies have been done on general air quality and its relationship to cystic fibrosis disease activity, but none have examined air pollution caused by wildfire smoke. Our study intends to better understand this relationship. MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted using data collected from people with cystic fibrosis (CF) between 2012 and 2019. Data on pulmonary exacerbations was extracted from the patient registry hosted and maintained by the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation. Exposures were determined using measurements of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from the Environmental Protection Agency. A logistic regression model was created in order to identify both univariate and adjusted odds ratios and their associated confidence intervals.Results82.7% (n = 415) of individuals with CF experienced an exposure to wildfire smoke during the study period. The adjusted odds ratio for a pulmonary exacerbation within one month following an exposure to wildfire smoke was 1.50 (95% CI = 1.13 – 1.99, p = 0.006) for adults and 0.92 (95% CI = 0.69 – 1.23, p = 0.578) for children. ConclusionWildfire smoke exposure is associated with severe pulmonary exacerbation in adults but not in children. This suggests that wildfire smoke may be an environmental risk factor for exacerbation in adults with CF. Further study is needed to understand why and how wildfire smoke exposure affects adult with CF differently than the pediatric population.
Mesoporous Carbonaceous Material From Expanded Polystyrene and Bentonite for Instantaneous Degradation of Mixture of Dyes
Authors: Salini N G , Ismayil K.M. Muhammad , Antony Rosy 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Carbonaceous material (SBC) was prepared from waste expanded polystyrene (EPS) and bentonite clay (BT) by pyrolysis in a tubular furnace under an inert atmosphere. The calculated average crystallite size of SBC was found to be 31.57nm from XRD analysis. FE-SEM studies showed that charring has changed the smooth-surfaced EPS and globular bentonite into uneven, porous flakes structure. The EDAX mapping results proved the co-existence of Al, Si, Fe, O, Na, Mg, Ca, Ti and C in SBC. BET analysis revealed the mesoporous nature of SBC and indicated its type IV isotherm behaviour. The minute loss rate value in water confirmed the water resistance, solidity and stability of the as-prepared carbonaceous material. Photo degradation in UV light for five different dyes showed immediate degradation at a catalyst dosage of 0.01g for 50ml/10ppm dye solution. The instantaneous discolouration of a mixture of organic dyes in the presence of UV light with micro quantities of SBC has become a cost-effective and simple method of up-cycling waste thermocol.
C. elegans monitor energy status to trigger innate immune responses via AMPK pathway against bacterial pathogens
Authors: Peng Donghai , Ju Shouyong , Chen Hanqiao , Wang Shaoying , Lin Jian , Aroian Raffi , Sun Ming 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Pathogen recognition and triggering pattern of host innate immune system is critical to understanding pathogen-host interaction. Cellular surveillance systems have been reported as an important strategy for the identification of microbial infection. In the present study, using Bacillus thuringiensis-Caenorhabditis elegans as a model, we found a new approach for surveillance systems to sense the pathogens. We report that Bacillus thuringiensis produced Cry5Ba, a classical PFTs, leading mitochondrial damage and energy imbalance by causing potassium ion leakage, instead of directly targeting mitochondria. Interestingly, C. elegans can monitor intracellular energy status through the mitochondrial surveillance system to triggered innate immune responses against pathogenic attack via AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Obviously, it is common that pathogens produce toxins to cause potassium leakage. Our study indicate that the imbalance of energy status is a common result of pathogen infection.Besides. AMPK-dependent surveillance system can act as a new stratege for host to recognize and defense pathogens.
Assessment of Surface Water Quality of River Kali-east: A Tributary of River Ganga in Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Rana Vivek 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
River Kali-East, a tributary of river Ganga, is a non-perennial river of India which is highly driven by the discharge of sewage and industrial effluent. Twenty-seven locations on the entire stretch (approx. 550 km) of river Kali-East were monitored which indicated that color varied as 20-200 Hazen, dissolved oxygen (DO) as 0-8.16 mg/l, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) as 6.6-410 mg/l, chemical oxygen demand (COD) as 22-1409 mg/l, total suspended solids as 38-4386 mg/l, total dissolved solids as 180-2536 mg/l and fecal coliform as 4.9 × 102 - 34 × 107 MPN/100 ml. High BOD and COD in the river revealed untreated/partially treated industrial discharge into the river and the self-purification capacity of the river Kali-East has been inhibited for a long distance by heavy and undiminished influx of domestic sewage into the river. Twenty-six drains discharge a total organic load of 148 tonnes per day into the river. Maximum pollution load was contributed by Odean Nala (42%) in Meerut district. This study recommends strict regulatory norms for discharge of industrial effluents by the industries in the catchment area of the river, reduction in sewage treatment gap by utilizing alternative treatment technologies (such as constructed wetlands) and proper dilution of polluted river water to improve the overall quality of the river.
Price Decomposition of Laser Treatment for Port-Wine Stain Using the Hedonic Pricing Model
Authors: Wanitphakdeedecha Rungsima , Jantarakolica Tatre , Yan Chadakan , Ng Janice Natasha C , Sudhipongpracha Tatchalerm 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Port-wine stain (PWS) is a congenital capillary malformation associated with negative effects on the quality of life and psychological health of the patients. Pulsed dye laser (PDL) is the current treatment of choice for PWS, however there is little information on the factors determining the treatment price of PWS. We aim to explore the factors determining the treatment price of PWS.Methods: Data were collected through telephone surveys and self-reported questionnaires from hospitals, chain clinics, and doctor’s offices that offered PWS treatment from February 1 to March 30, 2021. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis using a log-linear regression model.Results: A total of 104 observations were gathered. The estimated base price of the treatment without any additional features is 98.34 USD. Treatment by dermatologists has an additional charge of 28.41 USD or 28.9%. Some private clinics offer a lower price of 28.7% (or 28.27 USD) by illegally having non-medical doctors perform the treatment. Treatment with 595-nm PDL and 585-nm PDL and 1064-nm Nd:YAG lasers have an additional charge of 34% (or 33.45 USD) and 38% (or 37.41 USD), respectively. The location and type of medical facility can also affect the price of the treatment. Conclusion: Many factors determine the base price and shadow price of PWS treatment. By using Factors determining a higher cost of laser fee are non-government facilities, location within the capital city, and higher location cost like clinics in the shopping complexes. Lastly, the type of laser and medical personnel provider can also affect the price of the treatment.
Multiple Climate Change-Driven Tipping Points for Coastal Systems
Authors: Barnard Patrick , Dugan Jenifer , Page Henry , Wood Nathan , Hart Juliette Finzi , Cayan Dan , Erikson Li , Hubbard David , Myers Monique , Melack John M , Iacobellis Sam 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
As the climate evolves over the next century, the interaction of accelerating sea level rise (SLR) and storms, combined with confining development and infrastructure, will place greater stresses on physical, ecological, and human systems along the ocean-land margin. Many of these valued coastal systems could reach “tipping points,” at which hazard exposure substantially increases and threatens the present-day form, function, and viability of communities, infrastructure, and ecosystems. Determining the timing and nature of these tipping points is essential for effective climate adaptation planning. Here we present a multidisciplinary case study from Santa Barbara, California (USA), to identify potential climate change-related tipping points for various coastal systems. This study integrates numerical and statistical models of the climate, ocean water levels, beach and cliff evolution, and two soft sediment ecosystems, sandy beaches and tidal wetlands. We find that tipping points for beaches and wetlands could be reached with just 0.25 m or less of SLR (~2050), with > 50% subsequent habitat loss that would degrade overall biodiversity and ecosystem function. In contrast, the largest projected changes in socioeconomic exposure to flooding for five communities in this region are not anticipated until SLR exceeds 0.75 m for daily flooding and 1.5 m for storm-driven flooding (~2100 or later). These changes are less acute relative to community totals and do not qualify as tipping points given the adaptive capacity of communities. Nonetheless, the natural and human built systems are interconnected such that the loss of natural system function could negatively impact the quality of life of residents and disrupt the local economy, resulting in indirect socioeconomic impacts long before built infrastructure is directly impacted by flooding.
Internet of Things Adoption Among Micropreneurs in Regional Coast of Sabah
Authors: NISTAH NONA M , ISMAIL HADZARIAH , LIKOH JONATHAN , NASIRIN SYED , SURA SUAINI 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to determine the awareness and usage of the internet of things (IoT) technologies in aquafarming within the coastal community of Sabah. The UTAUT approach was applied in identifying the acceptance and usage level among these farmers. In conducting the research, both quantitative and qualitative data were collected during the fieldwork from 4 different coastal locations, which specialize in 4 different aqua-farming products. For this preliminary study, the expected outcome of the research project is a UTAUT framework for Aquafarming for the community. The main objective of the study is to determine the awareness (hearing and seeing) and usage (use, time and purpose) of IoT technologies (smartphones, computers and tablets) in aqua-farming communities in Sabah and the moderating effects of age and experience linked between predictors and behavioral intention based on the multi-group analysis. The result of this research is expected to benefit the community in devising new IoT-based policies, which may assist aqua-farmers in their business.
Lateral Shift of the Femoral Condyle After Total Knee Arthroplasty: Simulation Using 2d-templates of the Medial Pivot Design on Knee Radiographs of Young Japanese Patients
Authors: Nakajima Arata , Sonobe Masato , Akatsu Yorikazu , Yamada Manabu , Yamamoto Keiichiro , Saito Junya , Norimoto Masaki , Koyama Keita , Taniguchi Shinji , Takahashi Hiroshi , Aoki Yasuchika , Suguro Toru , Nakagawa Koichi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an established surgical treatment for advanced knee osteoarthritis by which patients can expect improvement of knee pain and function. Although many surgeons have investigated limb alignment after TKA, changes in coronal positional relation between the femur and tibia are not known well.Methods: Radiographs of 105 knees of young patients without osteoarthritic changes who received arthroscopic surgeries at our hospital were used in this study. Using 2D-templates of the medial pivot design (the FINE total knee), we simulated TKA on the knee radiographs. First, the femoral component was placed in normal knee alignment and then was merged to the medial concave of the insert where the tibial component was placed in neutral alignment. The length of the mediolateral shift of the femoral component was measured as an estimate of lateral shift of the femoral condyle, of which association with radiographic parameters for the knee was analyzed. Subjects were classified into three groups according to the femoral component size that was chosen in simulation of TKA.Results: The estimated mean lateral shift of the femoral condyle was 5.99 ± 1.98 mm and was greater in males than females (p < 0.05). Also, it was most highly correlated with the medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) (r = -0.553, p < 0.01). A group receiving larger component sizes significantly shifted more laterally compared with a group receiving smaller component sizes (p < 0.01). Conclusions: These results suggest that the coronal positional relation between the femur and tibia is altered and subsequent ligament imbalance may occur after mechanically aligned TKA using the medial pivot design.