bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A qualitative analysis of healthcare professionals’ experiences with an internet-based emotion regulation intervention added to acute psychiatric inpatient care
Authors: Bielinski Laura Luisa , Wälchli Gwendolyn , Lange Anna , von Känel Elianne , Demel Lena Katharina , Nissen Christoph , Moggi Franz , Berger Thomas 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Healthcare professionals play an important role in successfully implementing digital interventions in routine mental healthcare settings. While a larger body of research has focused on the experiences of mental healthcare professionals with the combination of digital interventions and face-to-face outpatient treatment, comparatively little is known about their experiences with digital interventions combined with inpatient treatment. This is especially true for acute psychiatric inpatient care, where studies on the implementation of digital interventions are more rare. The current study aimed to investigate healthcare professionals’ experiences with an internet-based emotion regulation intervention added to acute psychiatric inpatient treatment.

Methods
Physicians, nurses, psychologists, social workers, and occupational therapists from three acute inpatient wards (n = 20) were interviewed regarding their experiences. A thematic analysis approach was used to analyze the interview data.

Results
The following themes and corresponding subthemes were identified: lack of experience (few or no previous experiences, no expectations, few points of contact), the intervention as a contemporary complement (positive expectations, necessary and contemporary, positive effects on therapeutic work and patients, characteristics of the internet-based program), concerns about fit for acute psychiatric inpatient care (fit for acute psychiatric inpatients, doubts about implementation), the human factor as essential for implementation (the team makes or breaks it, guidance is key, patient characteristics), and requirements for implementation beyond the human factor (integration into existing treatment structure, resources, changes to the internet-based program, timing).

Conclusions
While healthcare professionals reported few points of contact with the intervention, they saw it as a contemporary complement to acute psychiatric inpatient care with benefits for therapeutic work and patients. The findings further suggest that specific concerns regarding the fit for acute psychiatric inpatient care remain and that human factors such as support from the ward team, human guidance during the intervention and being mindful of specific patient characteristics are considered important for implementation. Moreover, factors such as integration of the intervention into the ward program, resource availability and the timing of the intervention during a patient’s individual stay should be considered for successful implementation.

Trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04990674, 04/08/2021.
Does personality moderate the association between social involvement and personal recovery in psychosis?
Authors: Leendertse Pien , van den Berg David , Castelein Stynke , Mulder Cornelis Lambert 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Objective
Social factors are central in personal recovery (PR) and treatment of psychosis. However, weak associations between social involvement and PR were found. We aimed to replicate this weak association, and test whether it was explained by a moderating effect of neuroticism and extraversion.

Method
This cross-sectional study included 284 psychotic disorder patients. PR was assessed using the Recovery Quality of Life (ReQoL) questionnaire. Social involvement with a formative measure of the frequency of social interaction, and neuroticism and extraversion with the NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI).

Results
A small direct effect of social involvement on PR (β=−0.24, p < 0.001) was found, explaining 6% of the variance in PR. The addition of neuroticism (β=−0.60, p < 0.001) predicted 41% of variance in PR; extraversion (β = 0.34, p < 0.001) predicted 16%. We did not observe a moderating effect of neither neuroticism (β=-0.06, p = 0.232), nor extraversion (β = 0.01, p = 0.956).

Conclusion
The weak association between social involvement and PR could not be explained by the moderating effect of neuroticism or extraversion. The increase in explained variance in PR implies that neuroticism is associated with PR in a direct and clinically relevant way. This emphasizes the importance of attending to negative emotions and underlying stressors in treatment of psychosis.
The Black Cloud of Endometriosis on different aspects of the Life of Women with Endometriosis: a qualitative study in Iran
Authors: Mollazadeh Sanaz , Mirghafourvand Mojgan , Najmabadi Khadijeh Mirzaii , Khadivzadeh Talat 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Aim
To explore the perception of the impact of endometriosis on various aspects in affected women with endometriosis.

Method
Data was gathered through in-depth and semi-structured individual interviews using open questions to comprehend women’s experiences with endometriosis and their health-promoting lifestyle. The Conventional Qualitative Content Analysis approach was utilized, and sampling continued until data saturation. Ultimately, 14 women with endometriosis were interviewed.

Results
The theme was following the dominance of the Black Cloud of Endometriosis on Different Aspects of the Life of Women with Endometriosis; with main categories involving (a) Physical depreciation caused by endometriosis, (b) psychological deterioration caused by endometriosis, (c) social isolation, (d) marital relationship disorder, and sexual dissatisfaction.

Conclusions
The concepts show that endometriosis impacts negatively on different aspects of women’s lives. Considering that endometriosis is a multi-dimensional disease, identifying the different aspects of this disease and paying attention to meeting the perceived needs of the affected women will help to improve the treatment process and bring the affected women to the end of their health. These should be improved by adopting appropriate approaches in health policies.
Diagnostic innovations in Equine Parasitology: a Nanogold-ELISA for sensitive serodiagnosis of migratory strongylus vulgaris larvae infections
Authors: Baghdadi Hanadi B. A. , Abdelsalam Mohamed , Attia Marwa M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractStrongylus vulgaris, a devastating parasitic nematode in equids, causes life-threatening verminous aneurysms that are challenging to diagnose early. This study pioneered integrating nanotechnology into an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (i-ELISA) system to enhance the sensitivity and specificity for detecting S. vulgaris larval antigens in equine serum samples, with PCR confirmation of the species. A conventional i-ELISA and an innovative nano-based ELISA were developed using excretory-secretory antigens from adult S. vulgaris worms. The nano-ELISA incorporated gold nanoparticles (17.4–41.4 nm) conjugated with detection antibodies, enabling remarkable signal amplification. Of the 120 examined equines, 100 (83.33%) were positive for S. vulgaris infection. A conventional i-ELISA and an innovative nano-ELISA incorporating 17.4–41.4 nm gold nanoparticles were optimized using S. vulgaris excretory-secretory antigens. Both assays demonstrated high specificity, with no cross-reactivity against sera from animals infected with other helminth parasites. Remarkably, optical density (OD) readings from both i-ELISAs exhibited a positive quantitative correlation with infection intensity. The i-ELISA OD ranged from 0.45–0.74 (G3), 0.75–0.94 (G2), to 0.95–2.5 (G1). The nano-ELISA showed enhanced signal amplification, with OD ranging from 0.40–0.84 (G3), 0.85–0.99 (G2), to 1.0–3.5 (G1). This nanotechnology-amplified ELISA opens new, highly sensitive, and specific techniques for parasitic diagnosis in equine medicine. Its superior performance, facilitated by signal-amplifying gold nanoparticles, illuminates nanotechnology's potential in revolutionizing parasitological diagnostics for enhanced animal health and welfare management.
Sex differences in disease: sex chromosome and immunity
Authors: Feng Zuxi , Liao Minjing , Zhang Liansheng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSex is a fundamental biological variable that influences immune system function, with sex chromosomes (X and Y) playing a central role in these differences. Despite substantial evidence of disparities in immune responses between males and females, biomedical research has historically overlooked sex as a critical factor. This oversight has contributed to the observed disparities in susceptibility to autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, and malignancies between the sexes. In this review, we address the phenomena and mechanisms through which aberrant expression of sex chromosome-linked genes contributes to sex-based differences in immune responses. We specifically focus on the implications of X chromosome inactivation (XCI) escape and loss of Y chromosome (LOY). Our review aims to elucidate the molecular mechanisms driving these sex-based differences, with particular emphasis on the interactions between sex chromosome genes and immune cells in both males and females. Additionally, we discuss the potential impact of these differences on disease susceptibility and identify prospective therapeutic targets. As personalized and precision medicine advances, it is crucial to integrate sex differences into immunological research and clinical trials. We advocate for an increased focus on sex-based considerations in fundamental, translational, and clinical research to promote personalized, sex-specific healthcare.
Assessing the impact of the iPeer2Peer program for adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a mixed-methods randomized controlled trial
Authors: Nishat Fareha , Kelenc Lauren , Berard Roberta , Duffy Ciaran , Feldman Brian , Forgeron Paula , Huber Adam M. , Luca Nadia , Schmeling Heinrike , Spiegel Lynn , Tucker Lori , Watanabe-Duffy Karen , Killackey Tieghan , Lalloo Chitra , Wiles Brittany , Nair Anya , Olaizola Sofia , McDermott Brenna , Tavangar Farideh , Kohut Sara Ahola , Stinson Jennifer N. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is a chronic pediatric illness, whereby youth experience physical, emotional and psychosocial challenges that result in reduced health related quality of life (HRQL). Peer mentoring has been shown to improve disease self-management in adults with chronic conditions, with mixed results in younger populations. Building on our pilot work – which supported the feasibility and initial effectiveness of the iPeer2Peer program – the objective of this study was to assess the clinical effectiveness of the program in youth with JIA through a waitlist randomized controlled trial.

Methods
Eighty-one youth (aged 12–18) were randomized to the intervention group and matched with trained peer mentors (18–25 years; successfully managing their JIA), completing of up to ten 30-min video calls over a 15-week period. Eighty-three youth in the control group received standard care. Outcome assessments occurred at enrollment, 15 weeks post randomization and 6-months post randomization. The primary outcome was self-management, measured using the TRANSITION-Q. Secondary outcomes were HRQL, pain, emotional distress, disease knowledge, self-efficacy, and perceived social support. These were assessed using linear mixed effects models. Content analysis of semi-structured interviews and focus groups was used to assess satisfaction with the program with mentors and mentees upon study completion.

Results
In total, 164 youth (mean age 14.4 ± 1.9 years, 78% female) were randomized to the study. The proposed sample size was not reached due to challenges in recruitment, likely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The iPeer2Peer program did not show significant improvement in self-management (p = 0.7), or any of the secondary outcomes. Three key categories emerged from content analysis: (1) Fulfillment and Support Through Shared Experience, (2) Enhancing Program Delivery and (3) Strategies to Boost Engagement. These findings highlight that mentees valued the ability to converse with mentors who empathized with their disease experience, while mentors found it fulfilling to support mentees, and noted that they could have benefited from this type of support themselves.

Conclusion
While the iPeer2Peer did not result insignificant changes in clinical outcomes, both mentors and mentees were satisfied with the program and felt that mentorship provided real-world benefits for disease management and overall wellbeing.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03116763. Registered 31, March 2017, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03116763
When care hurts: parents’ experiences of caring for a child with epidermolysis bullosa
Authors: Daae Elisabeth , Feragen Kristin Billaud , Naerland Terje , von der Lippe Charlotte 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) comprises a group of genetically and clinically heterogeneous diseases characterized by skin fragility and blistering. EB is incurable, and treatment consists of preventing blisters in addition to painful and time consuming skin care, often performed by the parents, in addition to monitoring other symptoms in cases of severe EB.

Results
The purpose of this study was to explore parental experiences of caring for a child with EB. Data were collected from semi-structured interviews, and analyzed through reflexive thematic analysis. The sample consisted of 15 parents. Our analysis revealed three main themes: Becoming a self-taught provider of home-based skin care; Balancing roles; and Ahead of every challenge. The results indicate aspects of caring for a child with EB that may be under-recognized by healthcare professionals (HCPs) and allied caretakers. Examples of this was extensive home care, learning skin care through trial-and-error, tension between illness-demands and the child’s psychological needs, and parents being gatekeepers of their child’s well-being.

Conclusions
Caring for a child with EB may imply practical and emotionally demanding tasks for the parents, and possible unmet healthcare needs. It is important that HCPs recognize and understand the potential burden of extensive home care these parents experience as part of providing for their child with EB and the family.
Enrolment patterns in a randomized controlled trial of probiotics in critically ill patients: a retrospective analysis of the PROSPECT trial
Authors: Takaoka Alyson , Johnstone Jennie , Lauzier François , Heels-Ansdell Diane , Davis Megan , Zytaruk Nicole , Duan Erick , Dionne Joanna , Saunders Lois , Arabi Yaseen M. , Marshall John , Thabane Lehana , Clarke France , Hand Lori , Masse Marie-Helene , Rochwerg Bram , McIntyre Lauralyn , Girard Martin , Freitag Andreas , Karachi Tim , Cook Deborah J. ,   For The PROSPECT Investigators, Copland Mary , Anderson-White Shelley , Shears Melissa , Wachmann Kristine ,   The Canadian Critical Care Trials Group, Patterson Lisa , Slessarev Marat 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Understanding site-related factors that influence enrolment within multicenter randomized controlled trials (RCT) may help reduce trial delays and cost over-runs and prevent early trial discontinuation. In this analysis of PROSPECT (Probiotics: Prevention of Severe Pneumonia and Endotracheal Colonization Trial), we describe patient enrolment patterns and examine factors influencing site-based monthly enrolment.

Design
Retrospective analysis of a multicenter RCT.

Methods
The PROSPECT multicenter RCT enrolled patients in the main trial from July 2015 to March 2019. We documented site characteristics and trial metrics including data from the methods center tracking documents, site-level data at trial initiation, screening logs submitted by research coordinators, and prospectively collected case report forms. In this retrospective analysis of trial data, we analyzed enrolment patterns across sites using negative binomial regression to explore the association between monthly enrolment rate accounting for number of ICU beds, site characteristics, and trial metrics.

Results
Overall, 41 sites enrolling 2365 patients in the PROSPECT main trial were analyzed. After accounting for number of beds in each ICU, site launch early in the trial was associated with higher monthly enrolment rates, but time to first enrolment and research coordinator experience was not. We observed considerable variability in the number of active screening months and enrolment rates across sites.

Conclusion
These findings highlight the complexity of recruitment dynamics in critical care RCTs and emphasize the need for tailored approaches to trial planning and execution.

Trial registration
PROSPECT (Probiotics: Prevention of Severe Pneumonia and Endotracheal Colonization Trial): NCT02462590 (registered June 2, 2015).
Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated diabetic ketoacidosis and insulin-dependent diabetes: a case report
Authors: Jung Yungee , Lau Anthony , Bednarczyk Joseph 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Immunotherapy, including the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors such as nivolumab, is increasingly common in cancer treatment and can lead to various immune-related adverse effects, including rare cases of diabetic ketoacidosis. This case report highlights an unique instance of nivolumab-induced diabetic ketoacidosis in a patient without prior history of diabetes, emphasizing the importance of careful monitoring even in those without traditional risk factors.

Case presentation
We report a case of a 70-year-old Caucasian male with metastatic esophageal adenocarcinoma who developed diabetic ketoacidosis 3 weeks after stopping nivolumab therapy. The patient had no previous history of diabetes, nor had he used sodium–glucose transport protein 2 inhibitors or corticosteroids. Diagnostic tests confirmed diabetic ketoacidosis, and while he was initially treated following the institutional protocol, he continued to require insulin therapy indefinitely.

Conclusions
This case report underscores the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis linked to nivolumab, even in patients without predisposing factors, emphasizing the need for increased vigilance among both oncologists and physicians. It highlights the importance of monitoring for new-onset diabetes and diabetic ketoacidosis, whether immunotherapy is active or discontinued, and ensuring comprehensive care including hospitalization, insulin management, and diabetes education if diabetic ketoacidosis is diagnosed.
STOUT V2.0: SMILES to IUPAC name conversion using transformer models
Authors: Rajan Kohulan , Zielesny Achim , Steinbeck Christoph 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNaming chemical compounds systematically is a complex task governed by a set of rules established by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). These rules are universal and widely accepted by chemists worldwide, but their complexity makes it challenging for individuals to consistently apply them accurately. A translation method can be employed to address this challenge. Accurate translation of chemical compounds from SMILES notation into their corresponding IUPAC names is crucial, as it can significantly streamline the laborious process of naming chemical structures. Here, we present STOUT (SMILES-TO-IUPAC-name translator) V2, which addresses this challenge by introducing a transformer-based model that translates string representations of chemical structures into IUPAC names. Trained on a dataset of nearly 1 billion SMILES strings and their corresponding IUPAC names, STOUT V2 demonstrates exceptional accuracy in generating IUPAC names, even for complex chemical structures. The model's ability to capture intricate patterns and relationships within chemical structures enables it to generate precise and standardised IUPAC names. While established deterministic algorithms remain the gold standard for systematic chemical naming, our work, enabled by access to OpenEye’s Lexichem software through an academic license, demonstrates the potential of neural approaches to complement existing tools in chemical nomenclature.Scientific contribution STOUT V2, built upon transformer-based models, is a significant advancement from our previous work. The web application enhances its accessibility and utility. By making the model and source code fully open and well-documented, we aim to promote unrestricted use and encourage further development.
Graphical Abstract
Fully-automated segmentation of muscle and inter-/intra-muscular fat from magnetic resonance images of calves and thighs: an open-source workflow in Python
Authors: Tam Kenneth , Liu Si Wen , Costa Sarah , Szabo Eva , Reitsma Shannon , Gillick Hana , Adachi Jonathan D. , Wong Andy Kin On 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
INTER- and INTRAmuscular fat (IMF) is elevated in high metabolic states and can promote inflammation. While magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) excels in depicting IMF, the lack of reproducible tools prevents the ability to measure change and track intervention success.

Methods
We detail an open-source fully-automated iterative threshold-seeking algorithm (ITSA) for segmenting IMF from T1-weighted MRI of the calf and thigh within three cohorts (CaMos Hamilton (N = 54), AMBERS (N = 280), OAI (N = 105)) selecting adults 45–85 years of age. Within the CaMos Hamilton cohort, same-day and 1-year repeated images (N = 38) were used to evaluate short- and long-term precision error with root mean square coefficients of variation; and to validate against semi-automated segmentation methods using linear regression. The effect of algorithmic improvements to fat ascertainment using 3D connectivity and partial volume correction rules on analytical precision was investigated. Robustness and versatility of the algorithm was demonstrated by application to different MR sequences/magnetic strength and to calf versus thigh scans.

Results
Among 439 adults (319 female(89%), age: 71.6 ± 7.6 yrs, BMI: 28.06 ± 4.87 kg/m2, IMF%: 10.91 ± 4.57%), fully-automated ITSA performed well across MR sequences and anatomies from three cohorts. Applying both 3D connectivity and partial volume fat correction improved precision from 4.99% to 2.21% test–retest error. Validation against semi-automated methods showed R2 from 0.92 to 0.98 with fully-automated ITSA routinely yielding more conservative computations of IMF volumes. Quality control shows 7% of cases requiring manual correction, primarily due to IMF merging with subcutaneous fat. A full workflow described methods to export tags for manual correction.

Conclusions
The greatest challenge in segmenting IMF from MRI is in selecting a dynamic threshold that consistently performs across repeated imaging. Fully-automated ITSA achieved this, demonstrated low short- and long-term precision error, conducive of use within RCTs.