bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adsorptive removal of methylene blue (MB) and malachite green (MG) dyes from aqueous solutions using graphene oxide (GO)
Authors: Chilakapati Raja Babu , Hemanth Kumar S. , Satyanarayana Suggala V. , Behara Dilip Kumar 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) synthesized via modified Hummers method was studied for adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and malachite green (MG) dyes from aqueous solutions. It is hypothesized that electrostatic interactions between dye molecules and surface of GO will facilitate charge carrier movements and degrade the dye in an efficient way. The as synthesized GO was characterized using various characterization techniques such as XRD, Raman, FTIR, UV–Vis, SEM and EDAX. The experimental results suggest that dye removal percentage will increase with increase in adsorbent dosage, time as well as solution pH and the process was exothermic in nature. The adsorption data at 293 K could be fitted by Langmuir equation with a maximum adsorption amount of 119.04, 102.4 mg/g and Langmuir adsorption equilibrium constant of 1.58, 0.867 L/mg for MB and MG dyes, respectively. The outcomes of present article will help not only to understand the adsorption characteristics of GO on MB and MG dyes but also paves path towards development of highly oxidized GO surface for degradation of complex dyes.
Synthesis of Cu-doped MgO and its enhanced photocatalytic activity for the solar-driven degradation of disperse red F3BS with condition optimization
Authors: Shaheen Musarrat , Bhatti Ijaz A. , Ashar Ambreen , Mohsin Muhammad , Nisar Jan , Almoneef Maha M. , Iqbal Munawar 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the present study, Cu (2–12%) doped MgO was synthesized and characterized by SEM, XRD, EDX, and FTIR spectroscopy. The Cu concentration significantly affected the band gap and particle size, which ranged from 4.63 to 3.78 eV and from 27.2 to 79 nm, respectively. In addition, the photocatalytic activity (PCA) of Cu-doped MgO was monitored by the photocatalytic destruction of disperse red F3BS coralene dye, and four reaction variables such as dye concentration, catalyst dose, hydrogen peroxide concentration, and irradiation time, respectively, were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). Dye degradation was significantly affected by these process variables, and a degradation rate of up to 93% was achieved under optimized conditions. The wastewater samples were also treated under optimized conditions and water quality variables, i.e., chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) were significantly improved after treatment. Cu-doped MgO exhibited excellent PCA under the solar-light exposure for the degradation of disperse red F3BS dye, which can be employed for the treatment of dye-containing effluents.
The determinants of the relationship between parents with physical disabilities and perinatal services: a scoping review
Authors: Mercerat Coralie , Saïas Thomas 
Published: March 2021

Because of recent medical advances and increasing advocacy for the rights of people with disabilities, more and more people with disabilities are becoming parents. Parenthood is considered a fundamental right by the United Nations, and appropriate perinatal services are an important promoting factor for positive parenting experience and practices. Despite this, access to parenthood and access to services is still hindered for parents and future parents with disabilities.
This scoping review, based on eighteen (n=18) studies, provides a unique insight into the relationship between parents with physical disabilities and perinatal services.Results suggest that four main determinants influence this relationship: mothers’ needs, professionals’ characteristics, quality of relationship with professionals, and organization of services. Issues related to accessing information and the services themselves were also identified.
Finally, a framework for accessibility is presented to better understand how to improve access to appropriate services for parents with physical disabilities.
Disability and Contractual Expectations
Authors: Beaudry Jonas-Sébastien 
Published: March 2021

This is a précis of the forthcoming book, The Disabled Contract: Severe Intellectual Disability, Justice and Morality. It examines how people with severe intellectual disabilities (PSID) fare within the social contract tradition. More specifically, it contends that even recent strategies that attempted to integrate disability within the realm of contractual justice and morality are not entirely successful. These strategies cannot convincingly ground a robust moral status for PSID; or, if they do so, it is at the cost of making this status merely derivative or contingent. The failure of social contract theory to bring severe disabilities within its purview should not be seen as a marginal theoretical defect affecting only a small segment of human populations. At best, it reveals a gap that should impel moral and political theorists to give fiduciary and caring ideals their due weight next to contractual ideals. At worst, the social contract tradition is not only incomplete, but necessarily creates and oppresses the ‘disabled subject’.
The goal of this précis is to introduce readers to some of the conclusions I reach in the book in an accessible, short format. The arguments are therefore illustrative rather than exhaustive.
Educational Environment and Indicators of Child Development
Authors: Rubtsov Vitaliy , Ulanovskaya Irina 
Published: March 2021

The article presents the author's approach to the interpretation of the concept of the educational environment of the school, based on the activity theory of A. N. Leontyev and on learning activity theory of D. B. Elkonin – V. V. Davydov. Significant features of two types of educational environments – the developing educational environment and the environment based on traditional educational content – are highlighted. A broad diagnostic research into the indicators of cognitive, social and personal development of students of these two types of educational environments was carried out. The study involved 2,304 students in the 5th and 9th grades from 24 schools.
To assess cognitive development, data from two tests is used: CFT2 and the “Transposition” method (author A. Z. Zak). An original diagnostic procedure has been developed to distinguish the role of factors of biological maturation and the educational environment of a particular school in the process of cognitive development of students.
Several sources were used to diagnose the social aspects of student development. This is a sociometric test, analysis of interactions in the system “students-teacher,” recorded in the course of observation at the lesson (based on the author's “scheme of lesson analysis” – authors I. M. Ulanovskaya, N. I. Polivanova, E. V. Vysotskaya) and content analysis of children's essays on the topic “My school.”
Indicators of personal development of students were determined by the scale “self-assessment and level of aspiration” test and the test of school anxiety (A. Prihodjan).
All data was subjected to statistical and qualitative analysis. The results obtained showed a high efficiency of the developing educational environment in the cognitive development of students. This is an expected result, since the programs used in developing educational environment are aimed at developing theoretical thinking based on the development of special educational content and appropriate forms of organization of the learning process.
Our results showed that educational environment developing qualitatively changes the sociometric structure of the class, making it more psychologically comfortable for students, increases cognitive motivation and reduces educational anxiety, makes self-assessment and level of aspiration more differentiated.
The square root method for chloride ingress prediction—Applicability and limitations
Authors: Fjendbo Simon , Sørensen Henrik E. , De Weerdt Klaartje , Geiker Mette R. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA recent observation showed a square root time dependency of the ingress depth of a fixed (reference) chloride concentration of 0.05% chloride by mass of concrete for submerged exposure in Kattegat and the Baltic Sea. The purpose of this paper is to assess the applicability and limitations of the observation, widen the scope of validity and propose it as a method. Field data from submerged, tidal, splash, atmospheric and inland deicing salt exposure at various geographical locations was analyzed at a range of reference concentrations. In total 237 combinations of concrete, exposure, and reference concentration were analyzed. Our results showed that chloride ingress of a reference concentration followed a linear relationship with an average R2 of 0.96, when the penetration depth of the reference concentration was plotted against the square root of the exposure time. The square root observation appeared valid for the studied Portland cement based concretes with fly ash, silica fume and ground granulated blast furnace slag exposed in submerged and tidal exposure zones, when applying reference concentrations of 0.1–1.8% chloride by mass of binder, and reference concentrations of 0.1–0.5% chloride by mass of binder in atmospheric exposure zone. It was found that the parameters describing the straight line depended on the chosen reference concentration and concrete composition, and that the slope of the straight line (ingress parameter) in addition depended on the exposure. It was concluded that the square root method appears to be a promising method for predicting further chloride ingress into concrete.
Remazol Ultra Kırmızı RGB reaktif boyar maddesinin metabolik olarak aktif kefir biyokütlesi ile biyosorpsiyonu
Authors: ERDOĞDULAR Ali Osman , KILIÇ APAR Dilek 
Published: March 2021

Bu çalışmada, canlı formda kefir
biyokütleleri ile sulu çözeltilerden Remazol ultra Kırmızı RGB boyar maddesinin
biyosorpsiyon yöntemi ile giderimi incelenmiştir. Biyosorpsiyon prosesini
optimize etmek ve modellemek amacı ile deneyler kesikli olarak, farklı ​​pH (2
- 2,5 - 3 - 3,5 - 4 - 5 - 6 - 7 - 8),
sıcaklık (18- 25 - 32 - 39°C), çalkalama hızı (0 - 140 - 300 rpm) ve başlangıç
boyar madde konsantrasyonlarında (50 - 75 - 100 - 200 - 400 mg/L) gerçekleştirilmiştir. pH 2’de,
25°C sıcaklıkta, 100 mg/L başlangıç boyar madde konsantrasyonunda, 2,4 g/L
kefir biyokütlesi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen 180 dakikalık biyosorpsiyon
işlemi sonunda % 93 oranında boyar madde giderimi elde edilmiştir. Kefir biyokütlesi
için maksimum adsorpsiyon kapasitesi değeri 112 mg/g olarak 400 mg/L başlangıç
boyar madde konsantrasyonunda elde edilmiştir. Ardışık olarak gerçekleştirilen
biyosorpsiyon deneyleri kefir biyokütlelerinin tekrar kullanılabilir olduğunu
göstermiştir. Gerçekleştirilen modelleme çalışmaları sonucunda, kefir biyokütleleri
ile boyar madde biyosorpsiyon kinetiğinin yalancı birinci derece kinetik modeli
ile, biyosorpsiyon dengesinin ise Temkin izoterm modeli ile ifade edilebileceği
belirlenmiştir.
Çok ince taneli yüksek fırın cüruflu çimento ile stabilize edilmiş düşük plastisiteli killi zeminin mühendislik özellikleri
Authors: AVCI Eyubhan , MOLLAMAHMUTOGLU Murat , DEVECİ Emre , GÖKÇE Aydın 
Published: March 2021

Bu deneysel çalışmada, çok ince taneli yüksek fırın
cüruflu çimento (Spinor A6) ile stabilize edilmiş düşük plastisiteli killi
zeminin bazı mühendislik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Öncelikle, %8,
%10 ve %12 oranlarında Spinor A6 karıştırılarak elde edilen killi zemin numunelerinin
temel geoteknik özellikleri deneysel olarak tespit edilmiştir. Daha sonra, optimum
su muhtevası ve maksimum kuru birim hacim ağırlığında sıkıştırılmış Spinor A6
katkılı killi zemin numuneler üzerinde tek eksenli serbest basınç, sıkışabilirlik
ve şişme deneyleri yapılmıştır. Deneysel veriler, düşük plastisiteli killi
zeminin Spinor A6 ile stabilize edilme sonrası, 90. gün sonunda dayanımının
açık ortamda bekletilen numunelerde 9
ile 14 kat, streçe sarılı halde
bekletilmiş numunelerde 9 ile 12 kat arasında arttığını göstermiştir. Ayrıca 90. gün sonunda sıkışabilirliğin açık ortamda
bekletilen numunelerde 18,3 ile 19,2 kat arasında, streçe sarılı halde
bekletilmiş numunelerde ise 17,6 ile 18,5 kat arasında azaldığı tespit
edilmiştir. Son olarak, şişme potansiyelinin ise 90. gün sonunda açık ortamda bekletilen
numunelerde 67,5 ile 270,0 kat arasında, streçe sarılı halde bekletilmiş
numunelerde ise 54,0 ile 101,2 kat
arasında azaldığı belirlenmiştir.
LAPAROSKOPİK KOLESİSTEKTOMİ SONRASI KOLEDOK TÜMÖRÜNÜ TAKLİT EDEN SİSTİK NÖROMA OLGUSU
Authors: TURAN Bilal , ERYILMAZ Nesime , KARACA İsa , ZİHNİ İsmail , SÖZEN İsa , ÇELİK Girayhan , SABUNCUOGLU Mehmet , ÇETİN Recep 
Published: March 2021

Travmatik nöromlar, gerçek neoplazmlar olmayıp tümör
benzeri sekonder hiperplazi olarak kabul edilen
lezyonlardır. Bilier sistemde görülen travmatik nöromalar
sistik duktus güdüğünde kolesistektominin geç
komplikasyonu olarak gelişir ve hastalar genelde
striktür yada obstrüksiyona bağlı sarılık nedeni ile kliniğe
başvurur. Kolesistektomiden birkaç ay ile 40 yıl
sonra ortaya çıkabilirler. Bilier traktın nörinomu daha
önce çok nadir olarak bildirilmiş olsa da, tanı olarak
vurgulanması faydalı görünmektedir. Bu lezyon, safra
yollarının benign darlıklarının olağan dışı bir nedeni
olup, tanıda zorluklara neden olabilir. Biz de 28 yaşında
sarılıkla başvuran, tetkiklerinde bilier darlık saptanan
ancak malignite ayrımı yapılamayan, operasyon
sonrası koledok patolojisi nörinom olarak raporlanan
olguyu literatür eşliğinde sunmayı amaçladık.
Vernal keratokonjonktivitte non-travmatik non-enfeksiyöz spontan kornea perforasyonu nedeniyle limbal allogreft ve tektonik keratoplasti uygulaması
Authors: KORKMAZ İlayda , BARUT SELVER Özlem , PALAMAR ONAY Melis 
Published: March 2021

Bilateral vernal keratokonjonktivitli bir hastada, non-travmatik ve non-enfeksiyöz spontan kornea perforasyonu nedeniyle tektonik keratoplasti ve limbal allogreft uygulamasını ortaya koymaktır.
Bilateral vernal keratokonjonktivit ve eşlik eden limbal kök hücre yetmezliği olan 27 yaşındaki erkek hasta; sağ gözde kızarıklık, fotofobi ve sekresyon artışı şikayeti ile kliniğimize başvurdu. En iyi düzeltilmiş görme keskinliği (EİDGK) sağ gözde 20/640 ve sol gözde 20/33 düzeyindeydi. Biyomikroskobik muayenede limbal kök hücre yetmezliğine bağlı bilateral korneal vaskülarizasyon ve sağ gözde parasantral inferior temporal yerleşimli 1,5 mm’lik perforasyon alanı mevcuttu. Konservatif tedavinin başarısız olması nedeniyle hastaya limbal allogreft ile eş zamanlı tektonik amaçlı keratoplasti cerrahisi uygulandı.
Postoperatif 2. ayda hasta kızarıklık, ağrı ve bulanık görme şikayeti ile başvurdu. Korneal greftte ödem ve keratik prespitatlar tespit edildi. Allogreft reddi gelişen hastaya subkonjonktival ve topikal yüksek doz steroid tedavisi başlandı. Tedaviden 1 ay sonra, allogreft red reaksiyonunun gerilediği ve sağ gözde EİDGK’nin 20/125 düzeyinde olduğu görüldü. Postoperatif 18 aylık takip süresince hastanın klinik durumunun stabil olduğu izlendi. Vernal keratokonjonktivite bağlı gelişen limbal kök hücre yetmezliği zemininde ortaya çıkan non-travmatik ve non-enfeksiyöz kornea perforasyonunda limbal allogreft ile eş zamanlı tektonik keratoplasti etkin ve güvenli bir tedavi seçeneğidir. Bununla birlikte bu olgularda red reaksiyonu ihtimalinin yüksek olabileceği akılda tutulmalıdır. Hasta ve yakınlarının bilgilendirilmesi ile kızarıklık, ağrı, bulanık görme gibi olası red reaksiyonu semptomları varlığında erken başvuru yapmalarının sağlanması, red reaksiyonlarının tedavi edilebilmesinde faydalı olacaktır.
Bisiklet gidonuna bağlı abdominal duvar fıtığı: Nadir görülen bir travmatik herni
Authors: ŞAHİN Ahmet Hikmet 
Published: March 2021

Bisiklet kullanımı çocuklar için eğlenceli ve özgürlük hissi yaratan bir araç olduğu kadar, yaşamı tehdit eden kazaların nedeni de olabilir. Bu yazıda bisiklet gidon yaralanması ile acil servise başvuran bir olgu sunulacaktır.
Bisikletten düşme öyküsü ile acil servise getirilen 11 yaşında erkek çocuğun muayenesinde, sağ alt kadranda şişlik ve batın derisinde gidon ucuna ait vurma izi saptandı. Tomografi batın duvarı hasarını doğruladı. Batın eksplorasyonunda; gidon izine uyan bölgede fasya ve kasların parçalandığı, batında serbest kan olduğu ve terminal ileum mezenterinde defekt oluştuğu görüldü. Mezenter, kas ve fasya defekti onarıldı. Olgu postoperatif üçüncü günde şifa ile taburcu edildi.
Gidon yaralanmalarında ilk bulgu cilt üzerindedir. Olgular batın içi organ hasarı ve ventral duvar hernisi açısından izlenmelidir. Güvenli bisiklet kullanımına ilişkin davranış geliştirici eğitimlerin yapılması bisiklet kaynaklı kazaları önlemede etkili olabilir.
Lacustrine carbonate tufa facies of Winnemucca Dry Lake Basin, Nevada, U.S.A.
Authors: DeMott Laura M. , Scholz Christopher A. 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTLacustrine carbonate tufa deposits are common in present-day lakes and dry pans of the western United States, and large-scale deposits (&gt; 100 m high) are found throughout the subbasins of Pleistocene Lake Lahontan. This study presents a depositional model for very well exposed tufa in Winnemucca Dry Lake, a subbasin of Lake Lahontan, that incorporates new observations of tufa growth over length scales of 10–4–102 m. Tufa depositional facies are defined on the basis of outcrop morphology and texture. Deposits were mapped using satellite imagery and field observations. Tufa facies and volumes were quantified for seven tufa exposures across the basin using digital outcrop and elevation models from aerial images acquired from a small uncrewed aerial system (sUAS). Tufa thin sections were examined using transmitted-light petrography and scanning electron microscopy and combined with measurements of porosity and permeability to define small-scale facies characteristics. Both porosity and permeability are highly variable across textures; average values for both (ϕ = 29%, k = 5.5 D) indicate that all tufa types may exhibit excellent reservoir properties. The age and distribution of these facies across the basin are directly linked to hydroclimate and variations in lake level. The most important controls on tufa distribution at the basin scale are basin hydrology and pathways of groundwater inflow. Groundwater flow into the basin is largely concentrated along the western flexural margin along the contact between volcanic and volcaniclastic bedrock and alluvial sediments, rather than concentrated along the border fault margin, in contrast to other models which predict strong fault control of tufa occurrence. Microbially influenced tufa textures and morphologies are the most volumetrically significant tufas in the basin, composing between 77% and 100% of tufa volume at individual exposures; these are inferred to form during times when lake waters were warmer and levels higher, while physico-chemical processes dominate during early tufa formation, and generally in colder waters and under conditions of lower lake level. Deposition of tufas is a result of combined physical, chemical, and biological factors that are directly related to the basin geology and hydroclimate; however, the importance of each controlling factor is highly variable both spatially and temporally, complicating the development of effective and predictive depositional models. This case study describes tufa deposition intrinsically linked to basinal hydroclimatic histories, and understanding these relationships may assist in predicting volumes, physical properties, and stacking patterns of petroleum reservoir facies in lacustrine basins.
Classifying Lithofacies from Textural Features in Whole Core CT-Scan Images
Authors: Chawshin K. , Gonzalez A. , Berg C. F. , Varagnolo D. , Heidari Z. , Lopez O. 
Published: March 2021

Summary
X-ray computerized tomography (CT) is a nondestructive method of providing information about the internal composition and structure of whole core reservoir samples. In this study we propose a method to classify lithology. The novelty of this method is that it uses statistical and textural information extracted from whole core CT images in a supervised learning environment. In the proposed approaches, first-order statistical features and textural grey-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) features are extracted from whole core CT images. Here, two workflows are considered. In the first workflow, the extracted features are used to train a support vector machine (SVM) to classify lithofacies. In the second workflow, a principal component analysis (PCA) step is added before training with two purposes: first, to eliminate collinearity among the features and second, to investigate the amount of information needed to differentiate the analyzed images. Before extracting the statistical features, the images are preprocessed and decomposed using Haar mother wavelet decomposition schemes to enhance the texture and to acquire a set of detail images that are then used to compute the statistical features. The training data set includes lithological information obtained from core description. The approach is validated using the trained SVM and hybrid (PCA + SVM) classifiers to predict lithofacies in a set of unseen data. The obtained results show that the SVM classifier can predict some of the lithofacies with high accuracy (up to 91% recall), but it misclassifies, to some extent, similar lithofacies with similar grain size, texture, and transport properties. The SVM classifier captures the heterogeneity in the whole core CT images more accurately compared with the core description, indicating that the CT images provide additional high-resolution information not observed by manual core description. Further, the obtained prediction results add information on the similarity of the lithofacies classes. The prediction results using the hybrid classifier are worse than the SVM classifier, indicating that low-power components may contain information that is required to differentiate among various lithofacies.
Bone Metastasis in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A SEER-Based Study
Authors: Qin Ya , Liang Xiao , Wang Nanyao , Yuan Ming , Zhu Jiamin , Wu Dan , Wang Qiong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Esophageal cancer (EC) is a common worldwide disease with a higher mortality rate. Studies on EC patients with bone metastasis (BM) are rare. Our study focused on the clinicopathological features of EC patients with BM using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database to further explore the risk factors and survival for BM.Methods: According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, EC patients with BM were extracted from the SEER database from 2010 to 2016. Univariable analysis and multivariable logistic regression were used to study the risk factors for BM. Univariable analysis and multivariable Cox regression were performed to reveal the survival and prognostic factors for BM. The competitive risk model was made to compare the association with BM among causes of death. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to reduce the bias.Results: A total of 5314 patients were included in this study. Patients with BM had a worse prognosis before and after PSM. Male, middle esophagus, with brain metastasis, without lung metastasis, without liver metastasis were major independent risk factors of BM. Poorly differentiated and undifferentiated, with liver metastasis, with lung metastasis and without chemotherapy were major independent prognostic factors of BM.Conclusions: Compared to patients with other metastatic sites such as liver, brain and lung, patients with BM had a worse prognosis. Our findings provide recommendations about clinical guidelines including examination and treatment for EC patients with BM.