bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increasing the crack resistance of high-strength self-compacting concrete
Authors: Troуan Vyacheslav , Kindras Bogdan 
Published: March 2021

The object of research is high-strength self-compacting concrete, which does not require additional vibration during laying. One of the most problematic issues of high-strength self-compacting concretes is increased cracking, associated with large shrinkage deformations of such concretes and their fragile destruction.
A decrease in shrinkage deformations of concrete was established when part of the cement was replaced to mineral additives. This effect is explained by a decrease of the cement content and, accordingly, a decrease of the chemical component of the autogenous shrinkage of concrete, and an increase of the adsorptive binding of capillary moisture by mineral additives, with reduces the physical drying shrinkage of concrete. In this case, the type and dispersion of the used mineral additive can affect to the shrinkage deformations of concrete. A significant decrease in shrinkage deformations when using metakaolin is explained by an increase the amount of ettringite as a result of the reaction of active metakaolin Al2O3 with two-water gypsum of cement. It was found that the replacement of cement to 10 % of mineral additives leads to a decrease in the value of the critical stress intensity factor (SIF), which is compensated by a decrease of the fragility of concrete fracture (an increase of the area of microplastic deformations). At the same time, the type of mineral additive used does not affect to the value of the critical stress intensity factor, but significantly affects to the fragility of fracture of concrete samples. The introduction of 10 % mineral additives (to replace cement) had a positive effect on the retention of flow of self-compacting concrete mixes; the best results according to this criterion were observed when using silica fume, fly ash and limestone. All mineral modifiers, except for silica fume, led to a decrease of the compressive strength of high-strength concretes on all terms of hardening. In the case of the tensile strength of concrete at bending and splitting, with the introduction of silica fume, metakaolin and fly ash, a positive effect was observed compared to the base composition without additives.
Comprehensive accounting of the results obtained will allow a reasonable approach to the design of high-strength self-compacting concretes with increased crack resistance.
Quality control and identification of organic biscuits
Authors: Tkachenko Alina , Syrokhman Ivan , Huba Liudmyla , Basova Yulia , Kovalchuk Khrystyna 
Published: March 2021

The object of research is children’s spelled biscuits Holle (Germany) and Belgian children’s biscuits with pieces of Fleur Alpine chocolate (Belgium). Consumers often buy organic-branded traditional food products through unfair advertising and labeling violations. Due to the fact that organic products are often the subject of counterfeiting, quality expertise is especially important. Also, thanks to the conformity assessment of the labeling given in the work, it is possible to establish whether the product is really organic. The labeling of biscuits was analyzed for compliance with the Law of Ukraine «On Organic Production» and the Law of Ukraine «On Information for Food Consumers». The study showed that the labeling complies with legal requirements in both samples. It was also found that both samples of biscuits meet the requirements of regulatory documents for organoleptic indicators. Organoleptic characteristics were tested: shape, surface, color, taste and smell, appearance in the fault. The tasting assessment was carried out according to a 45-point scale developed by the authors. The total number of points in the tasting score, taking into accounts the weight factor, for Fleur Alpine biscuits was 39.96, which corresponds to a quality level of 0.88; and Holle biscuits – 44, with a quality level of 0.97. Both samples meet the requirements of regulatory documents for such physicochemical indicators as humidity, alkalinity and moisture content. The moisture content of the biscuits was determined in an accelerated manner in an oven. Wetness was determined by the ratio of the weight of the items after wetting to the weight of the dry items. Alkalinity was determined by titration of the product filtrate. The moisture content for Fleur Alpine biscuits was 9.3 % and for Holle biscuits it was 8.0 %. The alkalinity was 1.6 and 1.4 degrees, respectively, and the wetness was also within the normal range with values of 120 and 110 %. The results indicate the quality of the studied samples in terms of organoleptic and physicochemical indicators.
Development of methods for parameters of long-term contracts optimization for operational road maintenance
Authors: Kharchenko Anna , Zaviyskyy Oleh , Tsybulskyi Vitalii , Zavorotnyi Serhii 
Published: March 2021

The object of research is the processes of cost, duration and quality management in long-term contracts for the maintenance of roads. The presented work is based on the use of project management theory. The main hypothesis of the study is the application of methods for optimizing the parameters of long-term contracts for the maintenance of roads. Features, advantages and problematic issues concerning the use of long-term contracts based on quality indicators in the road sector are considered. The world and domestic experience of introduction of long-term maintenance of highways is analyzed. The main approaches to optimization of parameters are defined and the mathematical model of management of processes of cost, duration and quality in long-term contracts is developed. Based on the model, two methods of mathematical solution of the optimization problem of the proposed parameters have been developed. A mathematical experiment based on the example of the project of long-term maintenance of roads on the final quality indicators, the results of which showed that the adaptive capacity of projects by the second method is less flexible than the first. But the second method achieved better performance to minimize time parameters with averaging at 5 %. Optimization of parameters of long-term contracts for maintenance of roads has a multiplier effect, which is expressed in reducing administrative costs of the customer, reducing the responsibility of road services, creating conditions for stable financing of road works, satisfaction of road users, building strong partnerships between the customer and the contract. The results of calculations have practical value and can serve as a tool for making sound management decisions to determine the basic parameters of long-term contracts for the maintenance of roads based on quality.
Study of efficiency of simplication of customs formalities on the digitalization basis
Authors: Lebid Viktoriia , Anufriyeva Tetyana , Savenko Hanna , Skrypnyk Viktoriia 
Published: March 2021

The object of research is the processes of data exchange between subjects of foreign economic activity when performing customs procedures, namely, the introduction of a new computerized transit system NCTS within the framework of improving and harmonizing customs procedures. One of the most problematic areas is the lack of knowledge and awareness in the implementation of reforms on trade facilitation measures, and therefore there is a need to be able to reduce costs at the border, and costs associated with foreign trade transactions.
The perspective is considered and the assessment of the state of modern customs policy is carried out on the example of Ukraine, the mechanisms of application of customs instruments for regulating foreign trade during the digitalization of customs are determined. The dynamics of export-import operations of Ukraine with other countries is analyzed. In 2020, exporting companies estimate the work of customs significantly better by 15 % compared to 2019. Among enterprises of various sizes, micro-enterprises often report problems at customs, and the greatest problems are considered to be overstatement of customs value of goods and outdated equipment of customs control zones. It is shown that one of the ways to improve the efficiency of customs procedures is to minimize personal contacts between the customs officer and the client, transfer most of the transactions online, use electronic services and mobile applications. Also, in the near future, a large-scale reconstruction of checkpoints is planned to reduce queues. It is found that the customs clearance procedures are not sufficiently automated, and the customs authorities are entrusted with many obligations. Thus, the customs authorities of Ukraine are forced to control goods during customs clearance more carefully than in the EU countries. The average duration of customs clearance of imported goods by the customs authorities of Ukraine is from 1 to 4 hours, depending on the region, while in developed countries such clearance takes only a few minutes.
The conducted research is interesting for the participants of the international transport market. Since for business enterprises the use of one transit declaration for the delivery of goods from one country to another (from the customs office of departure to the customs office of destination), according to the general transit procedure, reduces the cost of customs procedures and the time required for their passage. Consequently, it reduces queues at the border, which means a faster flow of goods.
Pathology of Administrative Violations: A Case Study in One of the Medical Sciences Universities of Iran
Authors: Safari Hossein , Khosravi Bahman , Rahmani Hojjat , Rajabi Vasokolaei Ghasem , Panahi Tosanloo Mohammad , Asgari Mojgan , Habibi Farhad 
Published: March 2021

Background: Nowadays, administrative violations are becoming a major problem for health care organizations. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the type and extent of violations among staff working at a medical sciences university in Iran.
Methods: This Study was a cross-sectional as well as a descriptive study carried out in 2018. Data were gathered from the administrative violations investigation office of one of the medical sciences universities in Iran. All of the administrative violation records with a final verdict in 2017 were reviewed using the census method. Data entered into the Excel software V.2016, and SPSS16 were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Results: The most frequent reasons for committing the violations were personal and family problems (30 %), the prohibition to work by a spouse (11 %), illness (10 %), and intention to immigrate to another country (8 %). Other causes of administrative violations included heavy work shifts and night shifts; a sense of responsibility towards patients of other doctors; a defect in the doctor's timetable registration system; commuting problems; inadequate payment and benefits; lack of familiarity with workplace laws; delay in the payment of fee-for-service in comparison to doctors; and the decision to continue education.
Conclusion: Organizations need to develop an effective mechanism to prevent administrative violations and manage them efficiently. If a mechanism is not competently designed to investigate and identify the deviations and threats to organizational health, it can lead to violation of rights within the organizations.
Awareness, Attitude, and Life Skills Related to Cigarette Smoking among High School Boy Students
Authors: Zolfi Ali Mohammad , Sahebihagh Mohammad Hasan , Azadi Arman , Jalilian Habib 
Published: March 2021

Background: Life skills training is one of the ways to deal with stressful situations and risk-taking behaviors. Given the importance of life skills to deal with risk-taking behaviors such as smoking, the objective of this study was to examine the association between awareness, attitude and life skills and smoking status among boy students in Ilam, Iran.
Methods: This was a descriptive study that was performed on 553 students in high school boy students in Ilam in 2018. Sampling was conducted in two steps: first, schools were selected by a random sampling method; second, one class was selected randomly from each school and each grade, and all of the students of the selected class were included using the census method. Data were collected through a valid and reliable three-part questionnaire, including demographic characteristics, life skills, and smoking status, and then analyzed by using descriptive and analytical tests at SPSS22 software.
Results: The mean age of students, age of smoking initiation as well as the mean of individuals Grade Point Average (GPA) was 13.58, 11.27, and 17.95, respectively. The mean score of awareness toward the harmful effects of smoking, attitude toward smoking, and normative expectations were estimated at 82.18, 32.6, and 68.04, respectively. The total score of life skills was 57.3, which was higher than average. The highest and lowest life skills score was related to problem-solving skills (56.75) and compatibility skills (52.21). Besides, having friends and family members who smoke, attitude toward smoking as well as normative expectations were significantly associated with cigarette smoking status (P-value < 0.05).
Conclusion: Given the results of the study, the life skills score was moderate and far from the ideal status. Therefore, considering the smoking experience at an early age and focusing on life skills training is essential in elementary schools.
The Dollar Value of Human Life Losses Associated With COVID-19 in Canada
Authors: Muthuri Kirigia Joses , Nabi Deborah Karimi Muthuri Rose 
Published: March 2021

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to cause morbidity and premature mortality and ravage the socio-economic sectors in Canada.Objectives: The study aimed to appraise the Total Dollar Value of Human Life Losses (TDVHL) associated with COVID-19 in Canada.
Methods: The net output approach was applied in the dollar valuation of the 8810 human life losses associated with COVID-19 in Canada as of July 16, 2020. The economic model wasrerun assuming 3%, 5%, and 10% discount rates with Canada’s life expectancy of 83 years, the world’s average life expectancy of 73 years, the world’s highest average life expectancy of88 years, and a 3% discount rate.
Results: The human lives lost to COVID-19 had an estimated value of the international dollar (Int$) 2037021173 and an average of Int$ 231217 per human life lost. Quebec and Ontarioprovinces alone accounted for 94.99% of the TDVHL. Reanalysis of the economic model with discount rates of 5% and 10% resulted in declines in TDVHL of Int$ 192721390 (9%)and Int$ 530132423 (26%), respectively. Substitution of the nation with the word’s average life expectancy shrank the TDVHL by Int$ 1754972473 (86%) while applying the world’shighest life expectancy triggered a growth in the TDVHL of Int$ 498674987 (24%).
Modul Fisika Berbasis Augmented Reality Sebagai Alternatif Sumber Belajar Siswa
Authors: Purwandari P , Yusro Andista Candra , Purwito Adi 
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan modul pembelajaran terintegrasi Augmented Reality sebagai sumber belajar siswa kelas X SMK Cendekia Madiun. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Produk yang dikembangkan adalah modul yang terintegrasi Augmented Reality pada pokok bahasan Getaran dan Gelombang. Modul pembelajaran terintegrasi Augmented Reality ini telah melalui tahap uji validasi dengan melibatkan 5 validator dengan rata-rata persentase capaian sebesar 77,7% menurut ahli materi dengan kategori layak, 72,5% menurut ahli media pembelajaran. Hasil uji coba kelas kecil oleh 6 siswa dilaksanakan di SMK Ma’arif Dolopo menunjukkan respon siswa terhadap modul yang dikembangkan dengan persentase sebesar 78,67% dengan kategori baik dan hasil uji coba kelas terbatas di SMK Cendekia Madiun terhadap 20 siswa menunjukkan respon siswa dengan persentase sebesar 71,60 % dengan kategori baik. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa modul pembelajaran terintegrasi Augmented Reality ini memenuhi persyaratan dengan kualitas baik dan layak digunakan sebagai modul penunjang dalam pembelajaran. This study aims to develop an integrated learning module of Augmented Reality as a learning resource for grade X students of SMK Cendekia Madiun. This study uses the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) method. The product being developed is a module integrated with Augmented Reality on the subject of Vibrations and Waves. This Augmented Reality integrated learning module has gone through the validation test stage with an average percentage of achievement of 77.7% according to material experts with the feasible category, 72.5% according to instructional media experts. The small class trial results by six students showed an achievement percentage of 51%, and the results of a limited class trial with 20 students showed an achievement percentage of 31%. From the results of this study, this Augmented Reality integrated learning module meets the requirements with good quality and is suitable for use as a supporting module in learning.
Review: Telaah Kandungan Senyawa Katekin dan Epigalokatekin Galat (EGCG) sebagai Antioksidan pada Berbagai Jenis Teh
Authors: Fadhilah Zahra Hasna , Perdana Farid , Syamsudin Raden Aldizal Mahendra Rizkio 
Published: March 2021

Katekin merupakan senyawa bioaktif dengan kerangka flavan-3-ol dan menjadi senyawa utama penentu mutu serta dapat memberikan rasa pahit yang khas pada teh. Senyawa turunan katekin yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai antioksidan paling kuat dan melimpah yaitu epigalokatekin galat. Tujuan dari review artikel ini yaitu untuk mengetahui kandungan senyawa katekin dan epigalokatekin galat sebagai antioksidan pada berbagai jenis teh berdasarkan nilai IC50.Metode penulisan review artikel ini dilakukan dengan mencari serta menganalisis studi pustaka dari beberapa jurnal yang berkaitan dengan aktivitas antioksidan pada berbagai jenis teh dengan penelusuran terhadap senyawa katekin, khususnya epigalokatekin galat. Hasil review menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas antioksidan pada pengolahan jenis teh seperti teh hijau, teh oolong, dan teh hitam memiliki perbedaan yang cukup signifikan yang dapat dilihat dari kandungan senyawa katekin dan EGCG dimana semakin besar kandungan senyawa tersebut, maka aktivitas antioksidannya semakin tinggi. Selain itu, tingginya aktivitas antioksidan dapat dilihat dari nilai IC50. Semakin rendah nilai IC50, maka aktifitas antioksidan akan semakin tinggi. Teh hijau terbukti memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang paling tinggi diantara teh lainnya dengan kandungan katekin sebesar 10,04% dan epigalokatekin galat sebesar 3,28% serta nilai IC50 yang paling rendah yaitu 58,61 µg/mL. Kata Kunci: Katekin, Teh Hijau, Teh Oolong, Teh Hitam, Antioksidan Catechins are bioactive compounds with a flavan-3-ol structure and become a major determinant of quality compounds and can give a distinctive bitter taste of tea. Catechin derivative compounds that have the antioxidant activity as the strongest and abundant are epigallocatechin gallate. The purpose of this article review was to determine the content of catechins and epigallocatechin gallate compounds as an antioxidant in various types of tea based on the IC50 value. The method of writing of this article review was carried out by searching and analyzing literature studies from several journals related to antioxidant activity in various types of tea by tracing catechin compounds, especially the epigallocatechin gallate. The results of the review showed that the antioxidant activity in the processing of types of tea such as green tea, oolong tea, and black tea has significant differences which could be seen from the content of catechins and EGCG compounds where the greater the content of the compounds, the higher the antioxidant activity. Also, the high antioxidant activity can be seen from the IC50 value. The lower the IC50 value, the higher the antioxidant activity. Green tea shows to have the highest antioxidant activity among other teas with a catechin content of 10.04% and an epigallocatechin gallate of 3.28% and the lowest IC50 value of 58.61 µg/mL.
Pola Pemberian Obat Antihipertensi pada Pasien Geriatri di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Provinsi NTB Tahun 2017
Authors: Lestari Mia Cahya , Hasina Raisya , Dewi Ni Made Amelia Ratnata 
Published: March 2021

Hipertensi merupakan salah satu penyakit yang diderita oleh pasien usia lanjut (geriatri) dengan persentase kejadian terbanyak yaitu sebesar 57,6%. Hipertensi pada pasien geriatri dapat disebabkan karena penurunan fungsi organ, sehingga akan lebih rentan terkena penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran pola pemberian antihipertensi serta kesesuaian pengobatan hipertensi pada pasien geriatri di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Provinsi NTB tahun 2017. Penelitian dilakukan secara deskriptif dengan metode pendekatan observasional secara retrospektif terhadap pasien hipertensi di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Provinsi NTB. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode Total sampling terhadap 97 pasien geriatri. Data yang diperoleh dari bagian rekam medik dan resep ditabulasi dengan software microsoft excel. Setelah dilakukan penelitian didapatkan bahwa terapi untuk hipertensi didominasi oleh obat dengan dua kombinasi yaitu amlodipin dan valsartan (88%). Obat tunggal didominasi oleh amlodipin (75%). Kesesuaian peresepan dilihat dari dosis dan frekuensi terapi antihipertensi telah sesuai 100% dengan pedoman pengobatan, namun jenis obat yang digunakan hanya mencapai 99% dilihat dari pemberian kombinasi 3 antihipertensi dengan kombinasi golongan Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (captopril) dan golongan Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (candesartan) yang menimbulkan potensi interaksi mayor dan efek samping (1%). Kata Kunci: Hipertensi, Geriatri, Pola Pemberian Obat. Hypertension is a disease that affects geriatric with the highest percentage of incidence was 57.6%. Hypertension in geriatric patients can be caused by decreased organ function, so they are more susceptible to disease. The purpose of this study was to describe the pattern of antihypertensive drugs also the appropriateness of hypertension therapy in geriatric patients. This study was held in the inpatient Installation of the NTB Provincial Hospital in 2017. The design of this study was descriptive by collecting data retrospectively on 97 geriatric patients. The data obtained from the medical record and prescription sections were processed using Microsoft Excel software. The result showed that the therapy for hypertension was dominated by combination drugs which consist of amlodipine and valsartan (88%) and single drugs were dominated by amlodipine (75%). The appropriateness of prescription was seen from the dosage and frequency in the main therapy (hypertension) was 100% according to the treatment guidelines, but the type of drug that used was only 99% which seen from the giving combination of 3 antihypertensive drugs of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (captopril) and Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (candesartan) groups which caused interactions major and side effects (1%).