bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy evaluation of partially guided and fully guided templates applied to implant surgery of anterior teeth: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lou Fangzhi , Rao Pengcheng , Zhang Maorui , Luo Shihong , Lu Shi , Xiao Jingang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo study the accuracy of partially guided and fully guided templates applied to implant surgery of anterior teeth.Materials and methodsSixty patients who were scheduled to receive dental implant treatment in the anterior region were enrolled and randomly assigned to one of the following study groups (n = 20 each): routine implant‐supported restoration treatment (control group, 30 implants), implant‐supported restoration treatment using a partially guided template (test group 1, 36 implants), and implant‐supported restoration treatment using a fully guided template (test group 2, 33 implants). The depth of implant was controlled for fully guided template. After implantation, planned implants and placed implants were superimposed using digital software, and the deviations (angular, coronal, apical, depth) were analyzed. Esthetic parameters were assessed at baseline, 6 months, and 1 year after the final restoration. Pink esthetic score (PES) and white esthetic score (WES) were respectively used to evaluate the soft tissue and restoration esthetic outcome. Each parameter of PES and WES is assessed with a 0–1‐2 score with 2 being the best and 0 being the worst score.ResultsThere were significant differences in all of the deviation parameters between the control group, test group 1, and test group 2 (p < 0.001). Mean angular, coronal, apical and depth deviations were all the highest in the control group (6.61 ± 1.09°, 1.05 ± 0.17 mm, 1.36 ± 0.13 mm, and 1.02 ± 0.13 mm, respectively), and lowest in test group 2 (2.05 ± 0.45°, 0.39 ± 0.12 mm, 0.28 ± 0.09 mm, and 0.24 ± 0.06 mm, respectively). At 1 year after the final restoration, the analysis revealed mean PES values of 7.09 ± 0.56 (control group), 8.39 ± 0.54 (test group 1), and 9.04 ± 0.35 (test group 2). The WES values were 7.24 ± 0.54 (control group), 8.47 ± 0.44 (test group 1), and 8.97 ± 0.38 (test group 2). At all examinations, the mean PES and WES values were both the highest in test group 2 and lowest in the control group. The PES and WES values recorded in the control group at baseline, 6 months, and 1 year after final restoration were significantly lower than those in test groups (p < 0.001). Moreover, the PES and WES values recorded in the test group 1 at baseline, 6 months, and 1 year after final restoration were significantly lower than those in test group 2 (p < 0.05).ConclusionsDigital surgical guides can improve the accuracy of the three‐dimensional position of implants in the maxillary esthetic zone, the fully guided template has higher precision than that of the partially guided template, and plays an important role in obtaining the ideal esthetic outcome for maxillary anterior teeth.
Accuracy of dynamic navigation in implant surgery: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wei Shi‐Min , Zhu Yu , Wei Jian‐Xu , Zhang Chu‐Nan , Shi Jun‐Yu , Lai Hong‐Chang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the accuracy of dynamic computer‐assisted implant surgery.Materials and methodsAn electronic search up to March 2020 was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial to identify studies using dynamic navigation in implant surgery, and additional manual search was performed as well. Clinical trials and model studies were selected. The primary outcome was accuracy. A single‐arm meta‐analysis of continuous data was conducted. Meta‐regression was utilized for comparison on study design, guidance method, jaw, and systems.ResultsTen studies, four randomized controlled trials (RCT) and six prospective studies, met the inclusion criteria. A total of 1,298 drillings and implants were evaluated. The meta‐analysis of the accuracy (five clinical trials and five model studies) revealed average global platform deviation, global apex deviation, and angular deviation were 1.02 mm, 95% CI (0.83, 1.21), 1.33 mm, 95% CI (0.98, 1.67), and 3.59°, 95% CI (2.09, 5.09). Meta‐regression shown no difference between model studies and clinical trials (p = .295, 0.336, 0.185), drilling holes and implant (p = .36, 0.279, 0.695), maxilla and mandible (p = .875, 0.632, 0.281), and five different systems (p = .762, 0.342, 0.336).ConclusionAccuracy of dynamic computer‐aided implant surgery reaches a clinically acceptable range and has potential in clinical usage, but more patient‐centered outcomes and socio‐economic benefits should be reported.
Biotic and abiotic determinants of finescale dace distribution at the southern edge of their range
Authors: Booher Evan C. J. , Walters Annika W. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimThe factors that set range limits for animal populations can inform management plans aimed at maintaining regional biodiversity. We examine abiotic and biotic drivers of the distribution of finescale dace (Chrosomus neogaeus) in two Great Plains basins to identify limiting factors for a threatened freshwater fish population at the edge of their range.LocationGreat Plains, Nebraska, South Dakota and Wyoming, USA.MethodsWe investigated abiotic and biotic factors influencing the contemporary distribution of finescale dace in the Belle Fourche and Niobrara River basins with Random Forests classification models using fish surveys from multiple agencies spanning 2008–2019 and GIS‐derived environmental data.ResultsIn both basins, finescale dace occurrence exhibited a nonlinear response to mean August water temperature. Abiotic covariates, including streamflow, water temperature and channel slope, were important limiting factors in the final model fit with Belle Fourche River basin surveys (n = 131). In contrast, a biotic covariate, native minnow richness, was the most important predictor of finescale dace occurrence in the Niobrara River basin model (n = 27). In the Niobrara River, native minnow richness was lower at sites with non‐native northern pike (Esox lucius).Main conclusionsBasin‐specific analyses revealed context dependencies for species–environment relationships, which can inform targeted restoration actions. Similar relationships between water temperature and finescale dace occurrence across both basins suggest summer thermal habitat as a regional limiting factor. The importance of biotic interactions in the Niobrara River highlights an emergent threat from invasive predators to a distinct assemblage of native prairie fishes.
The quality of diabetes care among cancer survivors: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Liang Xinyun , Etches Jacob , Pinzaru Bogdan , Tu Karen , Jaakkimainen Liisa , Lipscombe Lorraine 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundAs cancer survivorship continues to improve, management of co‐morbid diabetes has become an increasingly important determinant of health outcomes for people with cancer. This study aimed to compare indicators of diabetes quality of care between people with diabetes and without a history of cancer.MethodsWe used the Electronic Medical Record Administrative data Linked Database (EMRALD), a database of Ontario primary care EMR charts linked to administrative data, to identify people with diabetes and at least 1 year follow‐up. Persons with a history of cancer were matched 1:2 on age, sex and diabetes duration to those without cancer. We compared recommended diabetes quality of care indicators between persons with and without cancer using a matched cohort analysis.ResultsAmong 229,627 people with diabetes, we identified 2275 people with cancer and 4550 matched controls; 86.5% had diabetes diagnosed after cancer. Compared to controls, cancer people with diabetes were significantly less likely to receive ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (OR 0.75 [95% CI 0.64–0.89]), receive statin therapy if age 50–80 years (OR 0.79 [95% CI 0.68–0.92]) and achieve an LDL cholesterol level <2.0 mmol/L (OR 0.82 [95% CI 0.74–0.91]). There were no differences in recommended clinical testing or achieving A1C and blood pressure targets between groups.ConclusionCancer survivors with diabetes are less likely to receive recommended cardiovascular risk‐reducing therapies compared to people with diabetes without cancer of similar age, sex and diabetes duration. Further studies are warranted to determine if these associations are linked to worse survival, cardiovascular outcomes and quality of life.
The use of liraglutide 3.0 mg daily in the management of overweight and obesity in people with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder and first episode psychosis: Results of a pilot randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Whicher Clare A. , Price Hermione C. , Phiri Peter , Rathod Shanaya , Barnard‐Kelly Katharine , Ngianga Kandala , Thorne Kerensa , Asher Carolyn , Peveler Robert C. , McCarthy Joanne , Holt Richard I. G. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimTo investigate the feasibility and acceptability of using liraglutide 3.0 mg daily in the management of overweight and obesity in people with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder and first episode psychosis.Materials and MethodsA double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled pilot trial took place in mental health centres and primary care within Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust. The participants were adults with schizophrenia, schizoaffective or first‐episode psychosis prescribed antipsychotic medication who were overweight or obese. The intervention was once‐daily subcutaneous liraglutide or placebo, titrated to 3.0 mg daily, for 6 months. The primary outcomes were recruitment, consent, retention and adherence. The secondary exploratory outcomes were weight, HbA1c and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale.ResultsSeven hundred and ninety‐nine individuals were screened for eligibility. The most common reasons for exclusion were ineligibility (44%) and inability to make contact (28%). The acceptance rate, as a proportion of all eligible participants, was 12.2%. The most commonly stated reason why eligible candidates declined to participate related to the study‐specific medication and protocol (n = 50). Forty‐seven participants were randomized, with 79% completing the trial. Participants in the liraglutide arm lost a mean 5.7 ± 7.9 kg compared with no significant weight change in the placebo group (treatment difference −6.0 kg, p = .015). Body mass index, waist circumference and HbA1c were reduced in the intervention group.ConclusionsThis study supports the need for a larger randomized controlled trial to evaluate the use of liraglutide (maximum dose 3.0 mg daily) in the management of obesity in people with severe mental illness.
War and trade in the peaceful century: the impact of interstate wars on bilateral trade flows during the first wave of globalization, 1830–1913†
Authors: Karlsson Lars , Hedberg Peter 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis article examines the impact of war on trade between 1830 and 1913, that is, during the so‐called first wave of globalization. It has been argued that one of the main reasons for the rapid integration of commodity and factor markets that took place during this period was the peaceful character of the post‐Napoleonic nineteenth century. However, little research has been conducted on the actual impact of wars on international trade during this period. Previous research on the link between war and trade in general has found that war reduces trade both between belligerents and between belligerents and third parties (or neutrals). Apart from a handful of country case studies, this research has focused almost exclusively on the period before or after the peaceful nineteenth century. Our results show that, in the nineteenth century, the negative influence of war on trade was mainly limited to the belligerent economies, while belligerent–neutral trade was either unaffected or even increased during times of war. Also, in contrast to the findings of research on twentieth‐century wars, we find that nineteenth‐century wars had a strictly contemporaneous impact on trade, with a return to normalcy ensuing shortly after the cessation of hostilities.
Preserving 40% forest cover is a valuable and well‐supported conservation guideline: reply to Banks‐Leite et al
Authors: Arroyo‐Rodríguez Víctor , Fahrig Lenore , Watling James I. , Nowakowski Justin , Tabarelli Marcelo , Tischendorf Lutz , Melo Felipe P. L. , Santos Bráulio A. , Benchimol Maíra , Morante‐Filho Jose Carlos , Slik J. W. Ferry , Vieira Ima C. G. , Tscharntke Teja 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBanks‐Leite et al. (2021) claim that our suggestion of preserving ≥ 40% forest cover lacks evidence and can be problematic. We find these claims unfounded, and discuss why conservation planning urgently requires valuable, well‐supported and feasible general guidelines like the 40% criterion. Using region‐specific thresholds worldwide is unfeasible and potentially harmful.
Urban prevalence of multiple sclerosis in China: A population‐based study in six provinces
Authors: Xu Lu , Chen Lu , Wang Shengfeng , Feng Jingnan , Liu Lili , Liu Guozhen , Wang Jinxi , Zhan Siyan , Fan Dongsheng 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a rare neurological disease addressed by only few epidemiological studies in China. This population‐based study aimed to estimate the prevalence of MS in China by using national medical insurance databases.MethodsData from the Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance database and the Urban Residence Basic Medical Insurance database, which were collected during 2012 to 2016 and included approximately 0.20 billion residents in six provinces, were used in this population‐based study. The prevalent patients with MS were identified via diagnostic text or disease codes.ResultsThe crude prevalence in 2016 was 2.44 per 100,000 population (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.18–2.72), with the prevalence in females being higher than that in males. The standardized prevalence (based on 2010 Chinese census data) was 2.29 (95% CI 2.21–2.38). The prevalence in both sexes in 2016 increased up to the age range of 30–34 years. Subsequently, the female prevalence declined with increasing age, but male prevalence stabilized with increasing age. During the 5‐year time period, prevalence ranged from 2.32 (95% CI 2.06–2.60) in 2015 to 2.91 (95% CI 2.39–3.47) in 2012.ConclusionsThe prevalence of MS in China was lower than that in Europe and North America. The temporal trend of prevalence in China was also observed to be stable. As the first prevalence study of MS in mainland China, this population‐based study can provide useful information for worldwide healthcare services and prevention of MS.
Meta‐research publications in dentistry: a review
Authors: Faggion Clovis M. , Listl Stefan , Smits Kirsten P.J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe present scoping review has the objective of providing an overview of meta‐research in dentistry. A search of the PubMed database was performed for the period 11 October 2014 to 10 October 2019. Study selection and data extraction were performed independently by one author; prior to this, a random sample of 10% of the retrieved titles and abstracts were independently screened by two authors, achieving agreement of >80% on eligibility for initial inclusion, corresponding to good agreement. The following information was extracted from the full text of each article: meta‐research area of interest; study design; type of studies evaluated in the meta‐research; type of methodology used in assessment of the primary research; conflicts of interest reported; sponsorships reported; dental discipline; journal of publication; country of the first author; number of citations; and impact factor. A total of 7800 documents were initially retrieved. After analysis of the title/abstract and the full text of each article, and a snowballing procedure, 155 meta‐research studies were identified and included. The ‘methods’ and ‘reporting’ meta‐research areas were the most prevalent, with 73 (47%) and 61 (40%) studies, respectively. General dentistry, and orthodontics and dentofacial orthopaedics were the dental specialties with the greatest number/proportion of included studies with 45 (29%) and 28 (18%) studies, respectively. These findings may help to prioritize future meta‐research in dentistry, consequently avoiding unnessecary investigations, and increasing the value of oral and dental research.
Radiological, vascular osteochondrosis occurs in the distal tarsus, and may cause osteoarthritis
Authors: Sigurdsson Sigurdur F. , Olstad Kristin , Ley Charles J. , Björnsdóttir Sigriður , Griffiths David J. , Fjordbakk Cathrine T. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundOsteochondrosis occurs due to failure of the blood supply to growth cartilage. Osteochondrosis lesions have been identified in small tarsal bones and suggested to cause distal tarsal osteoarthritis; however, it has not been determined whether distal tarsal osteochondrosis lesions were the result of vascular failure.ObjectivesTo perform post‐mortem arterial perfusion and micro‐computed tomography (CT) of the central (CTB) and third tarsal bones (TIII) of fetuses and foals up to 5 months old, to describe tarsal development and any lesions detected.Study designDescriptive, nonconsecutive case series.MethodsTwenty‐three animals that died or were euthanased from 228 days of gestation to 5 months old were collected, comprising two fetuses and nine foals of miscellaneous breeds and 12 Icelandic Horse foals, a breed with high prevalence of distal tarsal osteoarthritis. One hindlimb from each foal was perfused arterially with barium, and the CTB and TIII were examined with micro‐CT.ResultsPerfusion yielded partial information from 41% of the animals. The CTB and TIII were supplied by nutrient arteries and perichondrial vessels with vertical, transverse and circumferential configurations. Fourteen of the 23 (61%) animals had focal defects in the ossification front, that is, radiological osteochondrosis. The majority of lesions matched the configuration and development of vertical vessels. Additionally, full‐thickness, cylindrical defects matched transverse vessels, and the long axes of some dorsal lesions matched circumferential vessels.Main limitationsLack of histological validation.ConclusionsPost‐mortem perfusion was poor for examination of the blood supply to the growth cartilage of the CTB and TIII. Radiological osteochondrosis lesions were compatible with vascular failure because they were focal, and because lesion geometry matched vessel configuration. The relationship between osteochondrosis and distal tarsal osteoarthritis warrants further investigation.
Interprovincial separation between headquarters and registered addresses: The case of listed companies in China
Authors: Hu Guojian , Liang Xiaomin , Lu Yuqi , Chen Yu 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe separation between a corporate headquarters and its registered address is no longer a rare phenomenon, which not only exerts an important socioeconomic impact but also leads to deviations from reality in the conclusions of many studies that use the registered address as the location of corporate headquarters. We take Chinese A‐share listed companies as an example to investigate the interprovincial separation between headquarters and registered addresses and its formation process and use a logistic model to analyze the impact of company attributes on the interprovincial separation between headquarters and registered addresses. The results show that the companies with separate headquarters and registered addresses account for approximately one‐third of all listed companies; 177 companies have their headquarters and registered addresses in different provinces. These companies are usually headquartered in economically developed cities (such as Beijing and Shanghai), while their registered addresses are mainly located in general cities. Inconsistent interprovincial migration between headquarters and registered addresses is the main reason for the interprovincial separation of the two. The logistic model demonstrates that industry, organizational form, city level of the registered address, special treatment, and restructuring exert varying degrees of influence on the interprovincial separation between headquarters and registered addresses.
Multi‐Constrained Catchment Scale Optimization of Groundwater Abstraction Using Linear Programming
Authors: Danapour Mehrdis , Fienen Michael N. , Højberg Anker Lajer , Jensen Karsten Høgh , Stisen Simon 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDue to increasing water demands globally, freshwater ecosystems are under constant pressure. Groundwater resources, as the main source of accessible freshwater, are crucially important for irrigation worldwide. Over‐abstraction of groundwater leads to declines in groundwater levels; consequently, the groundwater inflow to streams decreases. The reduction in baseflow and alteration of the streamflow regime can potentially have an adverse effect on groundwater‐dependent ecosystems. A spatially distributed, coupled groundwater–surface water model can simulate the impacts of groundwater abstraction on aquatic ecosystems. A constrained optimization algorithm and a simulation model in combination can provide an objective tool for the water practitioner to evaluate the interplay between economic benefits of groundwater abstractions and requirements to environmental flow. In this study, a holistic catchment‐scale groundwater abstraction optimization framework has been developed that allows for a spatially explicit optimization of groundwater abstraction, while fulfilling a predefined maximum allowed reduction of streamflow (baseflow [Q95] or median flow [Q50]) as constraint criteria for 1484 stream locations across the catchment. A balanced K‐Means clustering method was implemented to reduce the computational burden of the optimization. The model parameters and observation uncertainties calculated based on Bayesian linear theory allow for a risk assessment on the optimized groundwater abstraction values. The results from different optimization scenarios indicated that using the linear programming optimization algorithm in conjunction with integrated models provides valuable information for guiding the water practitioners in designing an effective groundwater abstraction plan with the consideration of environmental flow criteria important for the ecological status of the entire system.