bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gut Lymph Purification in Rats With Acute Lung Injury Caused By Gut Ischemia Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Jin Can , Zhang Shucheng , Wu Linlin , Li Bohan , Shi Meimei , Zhang Wei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Rationale: It is unclear whether removing the danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) of gut lymph (GL) in the rats of gut ischemia-reperfusion injury (GIRI) model may reduce the distant organ lung injury.Objective: To determine whether oXiris gut lymph purification (GLP) may remove the DAMPs of GL in the rats’ model of acute lung injury (ALI) caused by GIRI.Methods: The experimental rats were divided into four groups: Sham group, GIRI group, GIRI + gut lymph drainage (GLD) group, and GIRI + GLP group. After successful modeling, the lung tissue samples of rats in each group were taken for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and detection of expression levels of apoptotic indexes. The level of DAMPs was detected in blood and lymph. We observed its microstructure of type II alveolar epithelial cells (AECⅡ), and detected the expression level of apoptosis indexes.Measurements and Main Results: GIRI-induced destruction of alveolar structure, thickened alveolar walls, inflammatory cell infiltration emerged in the GIRI group, HMGB-1 and IL-6 levels significantly increased, and HSP70 and IL-10 levels reduced in lymph and serum. Compared with GIRI group, the lung tissue damage in GIRI + GLP group significantly improved, the expression level of HMGB-1 and IL-6 in the lymph and serum reduced, and HSP70 and IL-10 increased. The organelle structure of AECII in GIRI + GLP group was significantly improved compared with the GIRI group. Conclusions: oXiris GLP blocks the key link between DAMPs and mononuclear phagocyte system to inhibit inflammation and cell apoptosis, thereby reducing ALI induced by GIRI.
Rapid Identification of Pathogens Associated With Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia By Nanopore Sequencing
Authors: Wu Nan , Ranjan Piyush , Tao Changyu , Liu Chao , Yang Ence , He Bei , Erb-Downward John R. , Bo Shining , Zheng Jiajia , Guo Chenxia , Liu Beibei , Sun Lina , Yan Wei , Wang Meng , Wang Wenting , Wen Jianing , Yang Ping , Yang Lin , Tian Qiaoshan , Dickson Robert P. , Shen Ning 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Etiology detection is crucial in diagnose and treatment of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP). However, the detection method is in need of improvement. In this study, we used Nanopore sequence to build a quick detection protocol and compared the efficiency of different methods on 7 common VAP pathogens.METHODS: Endotracheal aspirate (ETA) of 83 patients with suspected VAP from Peking University Third Hospital were collected, saponin were used to deplete host genomes, and PCR or non-PCR library construction method were used and compared for sequencing. MinION and local data analysis methods were used for sequencing and data analysis.RESULTS: Saponin depletion effectively removed 11 of 12 human genomes, while most pathogenic bacteria genome results showed no statistical difference except for S.pneumoniae who had a 0.31 times depletion. Meanwhile, the average sequence time reduced from 19.2hrs to 1.73hrs. Compared with PCR library construction method, the non-PCR method has a better average sensitivity (84.17% VS 81.35%) and specificity (97.42% VS 88.52%), while the non-PCR costs less time. The whole method takes 5-6hrs from ETA extraction to pathogen classification. After analyzed the 7 pathogens enrolled, the average sensitivity of metagenomic sequencing were about 2.4 times higher than that of clinical culture (91.79%VS 37.92%), and the average specificity was 98.08%.CONCLUSIONS: Using saponin to remove human genome and non-PCR method to build library can be used for identification of pathogens in ETA of VAP patients within 6 hours by MinION, which provides a new approach for rapid identification of pathogens in clinical departments.
Synthesis and Biological Screening of New Thiadiazolopyrimidine-based Polycyclic Compounds
Authors: Alqahtani Alaa M. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
New tri- and tetra-cyclic compounds based on the thiadiazolopyrimidine ring system were prepared and their antimicrobial activity were estimated. The achieved results evidenced that pyrano-thiadiazolopyrimidine compounds 8a-b and 9a-b have substantial efficiencies toward the two strains of Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus and B. cereus). While tetracyclic derivatives pyrazolopyrimido-thiadiazolopyrimidine derivatives 16a-b and 17a-b displayed prominent efficiencies toward the two strains of Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli and P. aeruginosa). In addition, compounds 8a-b and 9a-b presented good efficacy toward C. albicans. The activity of antiquorum-sensing (anti-QS) inhibition of the new synthesized thiadiazolopyrimidine-based compounds was tested toward C. violaceum, where derivatives 16a-b, 17a-b, 8b and 9a displayed satisfactory activity. Cytotoxic activity of the same derivatives was screened toward various cancer cell lines (MCF-7, PC3, Hep-2 and HepG2) and standard normal fibroblast cell (WI38) by utilizing the MTT assay. The pyrazolopyrimido-thiadiazolopyrimidine derivatives 16a, 16b, 17a and 17b recorded potent cytotoxic efficacy against MCF-7 cells with IC50 values ranging from 5.69 to 9.36 µM. Also, the endorsed structural activity relationship (SAR) for the inspected thiadiazolopyrimidine derivatives provided an awareness concerning the chemical structure connected to anticancer efficiency. In silico docking studies were implemented toward silence hormone signaling in breast (PDB Code-5NQR). The results are consistent and supportive to the cytotoxic activity.
Gestational Weight Gain Influences Neonatal Outcomes in Women With Obesity and Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Ramos-Levi Ana M , Rodriguez-Carnero Gemma , Garcia-Fontao Cristina , Fernandez-Pombo Antia , Andújar-Plata Paula , Gómez-Vazquez Eva , Cantón-Blanco Ana , Martínez-Olmos Miguel Angel , Bolaño-Mariño Pilar , Villar-Taibo Rocio 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background. Obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are associated to increased risk of perinatal complications and obesity in the offspring. However, the impact of gestational weight gain (GWG) on maternal and fetal outcomes has led to controversial results. Research design and methods. Retrospective study of 220 women with GDM and pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2. Pregnant women were classified according to the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations regarding prior BMI and GWG. We evaluated the impact of GWG on birth weight and perinatal outcomes. Results. Mean maternal age was 34.7±5.3 years. Pre-pregnancy obesity was classified as grade I in 55.3% of cases, grade II in 32.0%, and grade III in 12.7%. GWG was adequate (5-9kg) in 24.2%, insufficient (< 5kg) in 41.8% and excessive (> 9kg) in 34.2%. Birthweight was within normal range in 81.9%, 3.6% were small for gestational age (SGA) and 14.4% were large for gestational age (LGA). Insufficient GWG was associated to a higher rate of SGA offspring, excessive GWG was associated to LGA and adequate GWG to normal birth weight. Conclusion. GWG in women with pre-pregnancy obesity and GDM impacts neonatal birthweight. Insufficient GWG is associated to SGA and excessive GWG is associated to LGA. Women with adequate GWG according to IOM guidelines obtained better perinatal outcomes.
Limited allele-specific gene expression in highly polyploid sugarcane
Authors: Margarido Gabriel Rodrigues Alves , Correr Fernando Henrique , Furtado Agnelo , Botha Frederik , Henry Robert 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Polyploidy is widespread in plants allowing the different copies of genes to be expressed differently in a tissue specific or developmental specific way. This allele specific expression (ASE) has been widely reported but the proportion and nature of genes showing this characteristic has not been well defined. We now report an analysis of the frequency and patterns of ASE at the whole genome level in the highly polyploid sugarcane genome. Very high-depth whole genome sequencing and RNA-sequencing revealed strong correlations between allelic proportions in the genome and in expressed sequences. This level of sequencing allowed discrimination of each of the possible allele doses in this 12-ploid genome. Most genes were expressed in direct proportion to the frequency of the allele in the genome with examples of polymorphisms being found with every possible discrete level of dose from 1:11 for single copy alleles to 12:0 for monomorphic sites. The rarer departures from allelic balance were more frequent in the expression of defence-response genes, as well as in some processes related to the biosynthesis of cell walls. ASE was more common in genes with variants that resulted in significant disruption of function. The low level of ASE may reflect the recent origin of polyploid hybrid sugarcane. Much of the ASE present can be attributed to strong selection in nature and domestication for resistance to diseases.
Combined action observation- and motor imagery-based brain computer interface (BCI) for stroke rehabilitation: a case report
Authors: Rungsirisilp Nuttawat , Wongsawat Yodchanan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Upper extremity impairment is a problem usually found in poststroke patients, and it is seldom completely improved even following conventional physical therapy. Motor imagery (MI) and action observation (AO) therapy are mental practices that may regain motor function in poststroke patients, especially when integrating them with brain-computer interface (BCI) technology. However, previous studies have always investigated the effects of an MI- or AO-based BCI for stroke rehabilitation separately. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to propose the effectiveness of a combined AO and MI (AOMI)-based BCI with functional electrical stimulation (FES) feedback to improve upper limb functions and alter brain activity patterns in chronic stroke patients.Case presentation: A 53-year-old male who was 12 years post stroke was left hemiparesis and unable to produce any wrist and finger extension.Intervention: The participant was given an AOMI-based BCI with FES feedback 3 sessions per week for 4 consecutive weeks, and he did not receive any conventional physical therapy during the intervention. The Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Upper Extremity (FMA-UE) and active range of motion (AROM) of wrist extension were used as clinical assessments, and the laterality coefficient (LC) value was applied to explore the altered brain activity patterns affected by the intervention.Outcomes: The FMA-UE score improved from 34 to 46 points, and the AROM of wrist extension was increased from 0 degrees to 20 degrees. LC values in the alpha band tended to be positive whereas LC values in the beta band seemed to be slightly negative after the intervention.Conclusion: An AOMI-based BCI with FES feedback training may be a promising strategy that could improve motor function in poststroke patients; however, its efficacy should be studied in a larger population and compared to that of other therapeutic methods.Trial registration: Thai Clinical Trial Registry: TCTR20200821002. Registered 17 August 2020, http://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org
Psychomotor stimulant effects of α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone (αPVP) enantiomers correlate with drug binding kinetics at the dopamine transporter
Authors: Niello Marco , Sideromenos Spyridon , Gradisch Ralph , O'Shea Ronan , Schwazer Jakob , Sandtner Walter , Maier Julian , Jäntsch Kathrin , Lupica Carl , Hoffman Alexander , Stockner Thomas , Pollak Daniela , Baumann Michael , Sitte Harald 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
α-Pyrrolidinovalerophenone (αPVP) is a psychostimulant and drug of abuse associated with severe intoxications in humans. αPVP exerts long-lasting psychostimulant effects, when compared to the classical dopamine transporter (DAT) inhibitor cocaine. Here, we compared the two enantiomeric forms of αPVP, the R- and the S-αPVP, with cocaine using a combination of in silico, in vitro and in vivo approaches. We found that αPVP enantiomers substantially differ from cocaine in their binding kinetics. The two enantiomers differ from each other in their association rates. However, they show similar slow dissociation rates leading to pseudo-irreversible binding kinetics at DAT. The pseudo-irreversible binding kinetics of αPVP is responsible for the observed non-competitive pharmacology and it correlates with persistent psychostimulant effects in mice. Thus, the slow binding kinetics of αPVP enantiomers profoundly differ from the fast kinetics of cocaine both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting drug-binding kinetics as a potential driver of psychostimulant effects in vivo.
High Thermoelectric Performance Achieved in Sb-doped GeTe by Manipulating Carrier Concentration and Nanoscale Twin Grains
Authors: Li Chao , Song Haili , Miao Lei , Cui Chengqiang , Liu Chengyan , Yang Hengquan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Lead-free and eco-friendly GeTe shows a promising candidate for mid-temperature thermoelectric application. However, a low Seebeck coefficient due to its intrinsically high holes concentration that induced by Ge vacancies, and a relatively high thermal conductivity result in an inferior thermoelectric performance of pristine GeTe. However, extrinsic atoms Sb, Bi, and Y could play a crucial role in regulating the holes concentration of GeTe because of their relatively high solubility. Here we investigate the thermoelectric performance of the GeTe upon Sb doping, and demonstrate a high maximum zT value up to 1.88 could be achieved in Ge 0.90 Sb 0.10 Te as a result of the significant suppression in thermal conductivity while holding a high power factor. Where the maintained high power factor is due to the markable enhancement in S , which could be attributed to the significant suppression of holes concentration and the valence band convergence upon Sb doping; while the low thermal conductivity stems from the suppression of electronic thermal conductivity due to the increase in electrical resistivity and the lowering of lattice thermal conductivity through strengthening the phonons scattering by the lattice distortion, dislocations, and twin boundaries. Aside from the excellent thermoelectric performance, Ge 0.90 Sb 0.10 Te also shows good reproducibility, as well as thermal stability. This work confirms the Ge 0.90 Sb 0.10 Te is a superior thermoelectric material for practical application.
The Impact of Social Prescribing on Mental Health: A Protocol for Two Randomised Wait-List Controlled Feasibility Studies, Social Prescribing in Mental Health Study (SPRING) and Mental Health Through Social Prescribing Project (PROSPECT)
Authors: Elliott Megan , Llewellyn Mark , Wallace Carolyn , Wallace Sarah , Williams E Mark 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundSocial prescribing aims to connect citizens with sources of support in their communities to benefit their health and well-being. Despite its ongoing implementation within the United Kingdom, the evidence base for social prescribing has been criticised, citing a lack of rigour, high risk of bias and inconclusive findings to date.MethodsThis study protocol aims to examine the feasibility of using large, randomised control studies to assess the mental health and well-being impacts of social prescribing. Two wait-list control studies, each consisting of two parallel arm groups, SPRING and PROPSECT were designed. Participants were referred via their consulting healthcare professionals. The participants were randomised to receive the intervention immediately or after a delay of four weeks. The intervention in the SPRING study was a personal “what-matters” interview by a Link Worker consultation leading to a prescribed social service. Three month and six month follow up of service use was proposed. In PROPSECT, the intervention was a holistic social prescribing service. In both trials the primary outcomes were quality of life, service uptake, and participant experience.DiscussionSocial prescribing is becoming popular in community health and care services. It is believed to be an effective resource, and this is first randomised control trial to attempt to demonstrate the effectiveness of social prescribing for people with Mental Health and/or emotional well-being issues. A waiting-list control study is feasible in this context but would be suitable for larger randomised controlled trials.Trial Registration: SPRING, Clinical Trials, NCT04062903. Registered 17th September 2019, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04062903?term=NCT04062903&draw=2&rank=1. PROSPECT, Clinical Trials, NCT04099095. Registered 23rd September 2019, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04099095?term=NCT04099095&draw=2&rank=1
Evidence of TB Diagnostic Services at Primary Healthcare Level During COVID-19: A Scoping Review Protocol
Authors: Dlangalala Thobeka Nomzamo , Maluleke Kuhlula , Musekiwa Alfred , Kgarosi Kabelo , Mashamba-Thompson Tivani 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundUninterrupted delivery of tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic services is paramount, since early diagnosis allows for timeous treatment which improves treatment outcomes, reduces the period of infectiousness and limits the development of antibiotic resistant strains of TB. In 2020, the urgency of the public health response to the COVID-19 pandemic supposedly strained many existing public health initiatives. We propose a scoping review to map the evidence of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on TB diagnostic services at primary healthcare (PHC) level. Method and AnalysisThis scoping review was guided by the Arksey and O’Malley framework. We will search the databases: PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE Ovid, Medline EBSCO, PsycInfo, CINAHL and Scopus. We will also search for reports from national health websites and the World Health Organization (WHO). Two independent reviewers will screen titles, abstracts and full texts of retrieved articles. The chosen articles will be represented in a data charting table. We will conduct a content thematic analysis using NVivo 10 software to extract relevant themes from the included articles. Findings will be presented according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis: Extension for Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR). We will assess the quality of the included articles using the mixed methods assessment tool (MMAT). DiscussionWe anticipate that this scoping review will reveal the extent to which TB diagnostic services have been either maintained or disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic. This information will direct future research, and reveal barriers and enablers for TB diagnostic services during a pandemic.
ScFT6: A Putative Candidate for Sugarcane Floral Inducer
Authors: Linhares-Neto Manoel Viana , Schumacher Pedro Vitor , Ribeiro Thales Henrique Cherubino , Cardon Carlos Henrique , Resende Pâmela Marinho , Chalfun-Junior Antonio 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
One of the factors that can decrease sugarcane productivity is the flowering, because it affects the quantity and quality of feedstock, due to sucrose consumption from the stem during inflorescence emission. Photoperiodicity is the main environmental factor involved in sugarcane floral induction, which occurs by the integration of gene regulatory networks in response to environmental and endogenous stimuli. One of the genes involved in those regulatory networks is the FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), which is considered a phloem-mobile signal that stimulates floral induction in the shoot apical meristem. This work aimed to identify and characterize homologs of the FT gene in sugarcane, as well as to determine the putative function of these genes during floral induction. From this perspective, we have conducted in silico analyses of putative FT orthologs in sugarcane, as well as the expression levels in different photoperiodic conditions in a 24-hours-day-cycle of ScFT6 in different plant tissues in contrasting cultivars in terms of flowering time. Three new possible FT orthologs were found with high similarity to FT homologs in other species. Among three genes identified, we highlighted ScFT6, which has a conserved domain and amino acids at characteristic positions for the flowering inducer phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein gene family. Additionally, its expression occurs according to coincidental model, possibly being controlled by the circadian clock. Cultivars with distinct flowering time behavior display variable expression for the ScFT6 gene, suggesting a possible genotypic relationship for its expression. Therefore, sugarcane has at least one putative orthologous gene in relation to FT that promotes floral induction.
Human Urine-derived Stem Cells Improve Bladder Function After Partial Bladder Outlet Obstruction: Preliminary Data and the microRNA–mRNA Expression Profile of Bladder Tissue
Authors: Tu Menjiang , Wang Rui , Zhu Pei , Wang Qingqing , Sun Bishao , Lu Keshi , Zhang Jiawei , Xie Weijie , Guo Huan , Li Shulin , Wu Yuqi , Wang Xiangwei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Partial bladder outlet obstruction (pBOO), a common urological disease, often results in bladder tissue inflammation and tissue remodeling. Human urine-derived stem cells (hUSCs) have shown therapeutic benefits in various organ injury models. We used a rat model to investigate the effect of hUSCs on bladder function in pBOO rats and explore the miRNA and gene expression profiles in bladder tissue using RNA-sequencing.Methods: In total, 18 rats were randomly and evenly assigned to three groups: a sham surgery group, a pBOO without USCs therapy group, and a pBOO with USCs therapy group (treated with hUSCs six times every other week). All rats were subjected to routine urodynamic monitoring. Detrusor muscle strips were evaluated and pathophysiology was assessed. Finally, altered miRNA and mRNA expression profiles of bladder tissue were examined using RNA-sequencing and bioinformatic analysis technology.Results: After USC treatment, urodynamic monitoring revealed elevated bladder compliance and maximal voiding pressure, declined end filling pressure and voided volume, and improved detrusor contractility and carbachol sensitivity in pBOO rats. Histology and TUNEL assay showed reduced collagen deposition and muscle cell apoptosis in bladder tissue. The differential expression of eight miRNAs in pBOO rats was reversed by USC treatment. Bioinformatic analysis identified miR-142 and miR-9a as the two largest nodes of differentially expressed miRNAs in the miRNA‑gene interaction network. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis revealed enrichment of multiple significant pathways, including those involved in necroptosis and cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions.Conclusions: This is the first study to reveal the protective effect of hUSCs on bladder function and bladder remodeling in pBOO rats. The miRNA and mRNA expression levels differed in the bladder of pBOO rats with and without USC treatment. Although the mechanism underlying these effects have not been fully elucidated, necroptosis and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction related pathways may be involved.