bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variations in the Clinical Management of Multibacillary Leprosy Patients in Selected Hospitals in Metro Manila
Authors: Pepito Veincent Christian F. , Amit Arianna Maever L. , Samontina Rae Erica D. , Abdon Sarah Jane A. , Fuentes David Norman L. , Saniel Ofelia P. 
Published: January 2021

Introduction. This paper documents the variations in the diagnosis and management of multibacillary leprosy patients in three of the biggest case-holding hospitals in Metro Manila. Furthermore, we aimed to discuss the implications of these variations on the country’s leprosy control and elimination program.
Methods. Focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted with 23 health professionals composed of doctors and nurses with at least a year of experience in managing leprosy patients. The topics included procedures on patient diagnosis and management such as treatment duration, patient follow-up and definitions of treatment completion and default. The FGD participants provided suggestions to improve treatment compliance of patients. Their responses were compared with World Health Organization (WHO) standards and/or the 2002 DOH Manual of Operating Procedures (MOP) for leprosy. Transcripts of the recordings of the FGDs were prepared and thematic analysis was then performed.
Results. There were variations in the hospitals’ procedures to diagnose leprosy, in treatment duration, and in patient follow-up. Definitions for treatment completion and default differed not just between hospitals but also with the WHO guidelines and the 2002 MOP. Hospitals extended treatment up to 24 or even 36 months, despite the 12 months stipulated in the MOP. Two hospitals required slit skin smear and skin biopsy in diagnosis, despite the MOP and WHO provisions that these were not mandatory. One hospital defined default as three consecutive months without treatment, which was different from the MOP and WHO standards and from the other hospitals.
Conclusion. Given the variations in patient management, we recommended that effectiveness of the standard treatment relative to other regimens being practiced by specialists be evaluated.
Lessons Learned from Government-Academe-Civil Society Partnership to Improve the Assessment and Management of Drug Dependence in the Philippines
Authors: Antonio Carl Abelardo T. , Guevarra Jonathan P. , Cavinta Lolita L. , Gloriani Nina G. , Peralta Jasmin T. , Reyes-Sare Ma. Lourdes , Galera Francis Emmanuel A. , Vista Salvador Benjamin D. , Panopio Manuel C. 
Published: January 2021

Objective. This paper presents the experiences of, and lessons learnt from, a seven-year government-academecivil society collaboration in the development, implementation, and evaluation of a training program for Filipino physicians and rehabilitation practitioners on the management of drug dependence.
Methods. Review of memoranda, records, and reports relevant to the initiation and implementation of the training activity. Where relevant, we also perused internal notes and minutes of meetings written by the authors, who are also members of the training team.
Results. A tripartite collaboration between government, academe, and professional organizations developed a training program on the management of drug dependence for physicians and rehabilitation practitioners. Learnercentered approaches to education were adopted in the delivery of training content. Participation in the training is a prerequisite for government accreditation as rehabilitation professionals. A ladderized approach to the training was adapted, with participants first obtaining a broad introduction to the program, followed by in-depth focus on the assessment and management of drug dependency. This was done as a response to the perception that a single, twoweek training program is insufficient to fully capacitate physicians and rehabilitation practitioners with the requisite knowledge and skills necessary to manage persons with drug dependence. Future plans include an executive course for established practitioners, and a course on community-based management of drug dependency.
Conclusion. The current perspective on drug use and dependence is transitioning from a politico-legal issue to a public health concern. Attaining the sustainable development goals in 2030 will necessitate the development of a cadre of professionals who are, among others, capable of assessing and treating persons who suffer from drug dependence. The Philippine experience may serve as a model for other countries struggling with the drug menace.
Establishing a Blueprint for nature-based Products Development and Conservation for the Philippines
Authors: Lam Hilton Y. , Enriquez Maria Luisa D. , Heralde III Francisco M. , Loquias Monet M. , Montaño Marco Nemesio E. , Agapito Josephine D. , Arriola Andrew K. , Cruz Lourdes J. , Sia Isidro C. , Cheng Kent Jason G. , Enriquez Carissa May D. , Marohomsalic Hanaih N. , Yap Jean Ramon D. 
Published: January 2021

Background. Many of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in the Philippines are controllable with naturebased products, either as agents of intervention, or prevention, as nutritional supplements, or for the control of side-effects of medications. The different R&D programs on nature-based products in the Philippines are usually conducted in isolation, or through silos. These often lead to products that are shortsighted, duplicate products, or products with minimal innovation, not readily applicable to population and environmental sustainability.
Objective. The study aimed to draft an internationally benchmarked and integrated blueprint for a population health- and environmental health-led nature-based product development and conservation for the Philippines.
Methods. The methodology consisted of review of literature; regional educational visits; and a series of consultative meetings with stakeholders.
Results. The study resulted in a stakeholder-validated blueprint which assigns the Philippine Institute of Traditional and Alternative Health Care (PITAHC) to lead the way for Filipinos to produce more nature-based products that are of international quality and attuned with local health needs. The blueprint has identified “9 Optimizations” in the realization of this aspiration, including an expanded role for PITAHC, a national database, an ethical researchers list, and to produce at least five commercial products and 20 intellectual property rights within 5 years with an estimated total investment of approximately PhP 816 M.
Catalyzing development of Best Practice Guidelines for Community-managed health Programs: Case study of a Community-Academic Partnership
Authors: Lopez Jaifred Christian F. , Caragay Ruben N. , Sia Isidro C. , Madamba Jennifer S. , Velasco Dulce Corazon , Lam Hilton Y. , Estacio Leonardo R. , Co Edna Estifania A. 
Published: January 2021

Background. There is a need to standardize community health practices, while still adhering to principles of community involvement, to ensure social acceptability and equitable access to health services. A set of Best practice guidelines (BPGs) were thus developed through a community-academic partnership (CAP) between the Integrative Medicine for Alternative Healthcare Systems Philippines, Inc. and its affiliated community-managed health programs (CMHPs), the University of the Philippines, and Bicol University.
Objective. This study aimed to report the process and insights gained from the crafting of the BPGs.
Methods. The BPGs were developed using a community-based participatory research approach and focused on top ten (10) diseases based on local prevalence and experiences of its CMHPs.
Results. BPGs were developed for eight (8) communicable diseases (common cold/cough, influenza, measles, pulmonary tuberculosis, acute gastroenteritis, amebiasis, scabies, and intestinal parasitism); and two (2) noncommunicable diseases (diabetes and hypertension), which also provided information on signs and symptoms, initial referral criteria, management, and, where appropriate, specific use of medicinal plants, acupressure, and traditional massage. Emerging issues from this project include how community involvement led to the development of BPGs, the need to update its content, its potential application as a model for costing public health interventions, its anticipated benefits to health workers, the state of local health service delivery, and how the project epitomizes the ideal concept of community-academic partnerships.
Conclusion. As a CAP project, this process holds promise as a catalyst for stakeholder engagement and health service delivery improvement. Further studies are necessary to map out other potential challenges and success factors, especially the socio-cultural, political, and health impact of CAPs.
Prevalence of and Associations for Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use among Apparently Healthy Individuals in the Philippine LIFECARE Cohort
Authors: Ladia Mary Ann J. , Sison Olivia T. , Castillo-Carandang Nina T. , Sy Rody G. , Llanes Elmer Jasper B. , Reganit Paul Ferdinand M. , Punzalan Felix Eduardo R. , Gumatay Wilbert Allan G. , Velandria Felicidad V. 
Published: January 2021

Objectives. The study determined the prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use and its association with socio-demographic and clinical characteristics among adult Filipinos aged 20-50 years.
Methods. Data from the Philippine cohort of the Life Course Study in Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology (LIFECARE) in Luzon were analyzed. Multiple logistic regression determined the factors associated with the use of CAM.
Results. A total of 3,072 participants were included: average age of 36 years, more females, mostly married, living in the rural areas, and employed. The prevalence of CAM use in this population was 43%. The commonly sought traditional medicine practitioners were manghihilot (bone setter or partera) and albularyo (herbalist), and participants used herbal medicines and supplements. Use of CAM was more likely among older participants, females, living in rural areas, had medical consultation in the last six months, experienced moderate to extreme pain, and with poor perception of general health.
Conclusion. The use of CAM is prevalent among apparently healthy individuals aged 20-50 years. Further studies should uncover reasons for CAM use.
A Descriptive Study Identifying Gaps in the Effective Implementation of Mercury-containing Device Phase-out in Selected DOH-retained Hospitals
Authors: Zordilla Zenith DLT 
Published: January 2021

Background and Objective. After the 2008 phase-out of mercury-containing medical devices, the implementation status was evaluated by this study to know the program effectiveness in removing mercury exposure risks in health facilities.
Methods. A cross-sectional survey was done to determine the amount of mercury stored in ten selected Department of Health (DOH)-retained hospitals. Key informant interviews were also performed with Pollution Control Officers to determine their program implementation status, strengths, and areas for improvement.
Results and Discussion. All hospitals initiated the mercury minimization program but none has fully implemented it. The total amount recorded is 213.5 kg for mercury-containing materials. A discrepancy of 31.4% exists compared to the initial 2008 inventory of 312.7 kg. The main strength identified by the key informants was the one-time collection of mercury devices in hospitals. Hospitals need administrative and logistic support to properly implement mercury phase-out, particularly on monitoring of temporary storage. Disposal protocols should also be created to fully eliminate mercury exposure in the hospitals.
Energy Density and Satiety of Meals Based on the Healthy Food Plate Model for Filipino Adults
Authors: Golloso-Gubat Maria Julia , Magtibay Edward Vincent J. , Nacis Jacus S. , Tan Robby Carlo A. , Tajan Merlyn G. , Bautista Ermelita N. 
Published: January 2021

Objective. This study aimed to determine the energy density and satiety of meals based on the healthy food plate model for Filipino adults.
Methods. Thirteen healthy adult volunteers consumed breakfast test meals consisting of 1 cup go food, ½ cup grow food and 1 ½ cups glow food, following the recommended proportions in the plate model. Energy density (kcal/g) of the test meals was calculated. Feelings of hunger and fullness were assessed with 100-mm visual analogue scales (VAS) at pre-prandial (0 minute) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, and 240 minutes postprandial. Ghrelin levels at 0, 30, 60, 120, 180, and 240 minutes were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA).
Results. The test meals had an average energy density of 0.83 kcal/g. Hunger and fullness scores gradually changed with time but hunger remained significantly lower and fullness significantly higher than the pre-prandial levels at 180 minutes postprandial. Ghrelin declined after intake of the test meals and stayed significantly lower than the pre-prandial level at 240 minutes postprandial (30.21 ± 4.58 pmol/L).
Conclusion. Meals following the recommendations in the healthy food plate model for Filipino adults have low energy density and its consumption sustained short-term satiety.
ARENIZATION: INTERPRETATIVE SKETCH
Authors: DIRCE MARIA ANTUNES SUERTEGARAY  
Published: January 2021

Este artigo constitui, na sua origem, um capítulo do livro Arenização natureza socializada, de 2012, adaptado para o formato de artigo, expressando uma leitura sobre a gênese e sobre os processos morfogenéticos, compreendidos como desencadeadores da arenização, que origina os areais, constituindo uma sistematização da pesquisa elaborada sobre o tema há mais de 30 anos e, sobretudo, um ensaio de interpretação sobre as dinâmicas de arenização e de formação de areais. A região de ocorrênciadominante destes processos é o sudoeste do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Cabe esclarecer que, ao tratar de arenização, foi necessário, inicialmente, distinguir desertificação de arenização, uma vez que, na origem dos estudos, relativos a tais feições (areais), estas foram vinculadas ao conceito de deserto e o processo, ao de desertificação (SOUTO, 1985), os quais as pesquisas posteriores (SUERTEGARAY, 1987) revelaram inadequados, tratando-se de feições em ambientes subtropicais
Trayectorias de la Ruta Integral de Atención a situaciones de presunto Racismo en Bogotá
Authors: Alayon Torres Catherine 
Published: January 2021

Este artículo expone la experiencia del proceso de implementación de la Ruta Integral de Prevención, Atención y Seguimiento a situaciones de presunto Racismo y Discriminación étnico-racial, de la Secretaria de Educación del Distrito de Bogotá (Colombia), cuyo objetivo es promover canales efectivos de atención y seguimiento a casos asociados a violencias, hostigamientos y conductas discriminatorias hacia estudiantes pertenecientes a pueblos étnicos colombianos que se presentan en instituciones educativas públicas y privadas. Los resultados provienen de 2018 y 2019, a partir de las gestiones de articulación y planes de trabajo realizados con las dependencias internas de la Secretaria de Educación, con entidades distritales y nacionales para la promoción y el fortalecimiento de la ruta. La experiencia permite ver algunas de estas tensiones, los avances positivos alcanzados y los desafíos que enfrenta la ruta a manera de proyecciones. Se destaca la importancia de recoger esta experiencia, ya que es una apuesta de los pueblos étnicos en contextos urbanos (principalmente de la comunidad afrocolombiana), y es una práctica pionera en el sistema educativo colombiano, que anima a ser revisada y replicada de manera contextual en los diferentes territorios del país.
El patrimonio histórico como recurso didáctico en el Parque Nacional del Teide
Authors: Ruiz González Hacomar , Marrero Salas Efrain , García Ávila Juan Carlos , Abreu Hernández Ithaisa , Arnay de la Rosa Matilde 
Published: January 2021

El Parque Nacional del Teide es un espacio geográfico que destaca por sus características geológicas y naturales únicas, las cuales le valieron su declaración como patrimonio mundial en 2017. No obstante se trata también de un territorio humanizado desde la etapa prehispánica, cuyas actividades dejaron su huella en el territorio, dando a la arqueología numerosas pautas para conocer cómo se articuló la ocupación guanche de la alta montaña de Tenerife. En la actualidad el profesorado de enseñanza secundaria parte de un inconveniente destacable que es la falta de yacimientos arqueológicos visitables en la Isla de Tenerife, espacios en los que el alumnado pueda consolidar su conocimiento relativo a las culturas aborígenes canarias. Por ello con nuestro trabajo se pretende hacer un análisis del potencial didáctico para las Ciencias Sociales, y específicamente para la materia de Historia, de un espacio geográfico como es el Parque Nacional del Teide, presentando una propuesta que integre a Las Cañadas del Teide en la enseñanza de la etapa prehispánica de las Islas, teniendo en cuenta aspectos relacionados con el uso de objetos arqueológicos, visitas guiadas o actividades relacionadas con la disciplina arqueológica.
Construcción del paisaje en áreas de montaña. Arquitectura popular y explotación del territorio en el municipio de Gistaín
Authors: Fernández Piñar Carlos 
Published: January 2021

En este trabajo se analizan los paisajes resultado de las actividades económicas tradicionales en un entorno de montaña. Se trata del municipio oscense de Gistaín (Chistén), situado en el extremo noroccidental de la comarca de Sobrarbe. Este municipio, dentro del valle del mismo nombre, conservó unos sistemas tradicionales, evolucionados a lo largo de varios siglos, hasta el último cuarto del siglo XX, por lo que su huella está aún muy presente en el paisaje. Entre las actividades desarrolladas destacaron por su impronta en el paisaje la agrícola y la ganadera, esta última tanto en su vertiente ovina trashumante como en la del ganado mayor trasterminante. La interacción entre estas actividades, acompasando los ciclos agrícolas y los ganaderos, así como la posición geográfica del municipio, al mismo tiempo cerrada al exterior y abierta a influencias diversas, entre ellas las de la vertiente francesa de la cordillera, dotan a sus paisajes de una fuerte personalidad dentro del conjunto del Pirineo aragonés. Por otro lado, y dentro de una interpretación del paisaje y del territorio como patrimonio cultural, se estudian las formas arquitectónicas que sirvieron de soporte a estas actividades económicas, tanto agrícolas como pastoriles, como parte fundamental de la construcción del paisaje.
Gestionar castillos municipales en la provincia de Alicante (España): análisis de los casos de Castalla y Tibi
Authors: Mira Rico Juan Antonio , Martí i Pérez Daniel , Ortega Pérez José Ramón 
Published: January 2021

Por el desarrollo histórico de España, como parte de al-Andalus, primero, y las coronas de Aragón y Castilla, después; la Comunidad Valenciana es un territorio privilegiado en cuanto a castillos se refiere. A modo de ejemplo, la provincia de Alicante, “solo” tiene, en este momento, 47 fortificaciones de propiedad municipal. Buena parte datan de la ocupación musulmana o surgieron como parte del sistema defensivo de la frontera sureste de la Corona de Aragón con la Corona de Castilla.Por otro lado, muchas fortificaciones han sido objeto de estudios arqueológicos, arquitectónicos, históricos y de gestión. Este trabajo analiza la gestión de los castillos de Castalla y Tibi, situados al norte de la provincia de Alicante. Ambos, de origen musulmán e integrantes del sistema defensivo sureste de la Corona de Aragón, son municipales y presentan distintos grados de gestión. Castalla pasó del abandono, en los años ochenta del siglo XX, a la gestión profesional en la segunda década del siglo XXI. Por su parte, Tibi es una fortificación no gestionada en la que, ahora, se está empezando a revertir dicha situación mediante la elaboración de un plan director actualmente finalizado y pendiente de aprobación, por parte del Ayuntamiento de la localidad.
Pedal Preaxial Polydactyly with Duplication of Talus: A Rare Atypical Presentation
Authors: Balasubramanium Pasupathy , Thakur Aditya 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Congenital preaxial polydactyly is usually associated with varus deformity and syndactyly. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of a young child presented with unilateral preaxial polydactyly with two supernumerary rays extending up to accessory talus without varus deformity and syndactyly.

Case description
We present here the case of a 7-year-old girl patient who was presented to us with untreated congenital preaxial polydactyly. A rare case of a young child presented with unilateral preaxial polydactyly with two supernumerary rays extending up to accessory talus without varus deformity and syndactyly. The patient had two extra-toes present on the medial side of her big toe which extended up to talus in her left foot. Surgical excision of complete ray was done.

Conclusion
Surgical acceptance for preaxial polydactyly was quick as it created a barrier for normal walking and difficulty in wearing footwear. Postoperatively, the girl was followed up for 4 years and observed for any problem in varus deformity and foot mechanics.
How to cite this article
Balasubramanium P, Thakur A. Pedal Preaxial Polydactyly with Duplication of Talus: A Rare Atypical Presentation. J Orth Joint Surg 2020;2(2):70–73.
Le Congo belge sur pellicule
Authors: Van Schuylenbergh Patricia 
Published: January 2021

En créant des structures de propagande permettant d’opérer une centralisation maximale et un contrôle des productions cinématographiques tournées au Congo belge, les autorités coloniales belges, aidées par les missions catholiques, démontrent leur volonté de réaliser et d’encadrer les images afin de répondre à un double objectif : présenter une vision idéalisée d’une colonie « moderne » et « éduquer » la population congolaise. La transformation progressive des modes de vie des spectateurs, la confrontation avec de nouvelles formes de pouvoirs politiques, économiques et sociaux et les troubles des années 1950 conduisent le pouvoir colonial à multiplier les films qui montrent la paix et l’harmonie d’une communauté belgo-congolaise unie alors que des critiques commencent à dénoncer les zones d’ombres du pouvoir colonial dont les thèmes (délinquance, pauvreté, chômage) sont, jusqu’ici, les laissés-pour-compte du cinéma colonial. Des visions contradictoires se révèlent autour de l’indépendance et démontrent finalement l’impossibilité entre Congolais et Belges de vivre ensemble.