bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of new semen trait-related candidate genes in Duroc boars through genome-wide association and weighted gene co-expression network analyses
Authors: Mei Quanshun , Fu Chuanke , Sahana Goutam , Chen Yilong , Yin Lilin , Miao Yuanxin , Zhao Shuhong , Xiang Tao 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Semen traits are crucial in commercial pig production since semen from boars is widely used in artificial insemination for both purebred and crossbred pig production. Revealing the genetic architecture of semen traits potentially promotes the efficiencies of improving semen traits through artificial selection. This study is aimed to identify candidate genes related to the semen traits in Duroc boars. First, we identified the genes that were significantly associated with three semen traits, including sperm motility (MO), sperm concentration (CON), and semen volume (VOL) in a Duroc boar population through a genome-wide association study (GWAS). Second, we performed a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). A total of 2, 3, and 20 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were found to be significantly associated with MO, CON, and VOL, respectively. Based on the haplotype block analysis, we identified one genetic region associated with MO, which explained 6.15% of the genetic trait variance. ENSSSCG00000018823 located within this region was considered as the candidate gene for regulating MO. Another genetic region explaining 1.95% of CON genetic variance was identified, and, in this region, B9D2, PAFAH1B3, TMEM145, and CIC were detected as the CON-related candidate genes. Two genetic regions that accounted for 2.23% and 2.48% of VOL genetic variance were identified, and, in these two regions, WWC2, CDKN2AIP, ING2, TRAPPC11, STOX2, and PELO were identified as VOL-related candidate genes. WGCNA analysis showed that, among these candidate genes, B9D2, TMEM145, WWC2, CDKN2AIP, TRAPPC11, and PELO were located within the most significant module eigengenes, confirming these candidate genes’ role in regulating semen traits in Duroc boars. The identification of these candidate genes can help to better understand the genetic architecture of semen traits in boars. Our findings can be applied for semen traits improvement in Duroc boars.
Morphometric and physiological maturity of male Jonah crab, Cancer borealis Stimpson, 1859 (Decapoda: Brachyura: Cancridae), in southern New England, USA
Authors: Lawrence Amanda , Stevens Bradley G , Shank Burton , Chung J Sook 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Fisheries management requires a thorough understanding of the processes involved in reproduction, including the ability to distinguish sexually mature individuals. The Jonah crab, Cancer borealisStimpson, 1859, occurs from Newfoundland to Florida, but the fishery is concentrated in New England. The crab contributes to a significant and growing male-driven fishery; however, little is known about its life history. We investigated the relationship between morphometrics and physiological maturity, and the size at which these life changes occur in the southern New England stock. The size at 50% sexual maturity (SM50) in male C. borealis was estimated morphometrically to be 105.9 mm carapace width (CW). This size is larger than the estimate of 98.3 mm CW for the species in the Mid-Atlantic Bight but lower than the estimate of 127.6 on the Scotian Shelf, consistent with a poleward gradient in size at maturity. The gonadosomatic index differs significantly between CW size groups, maturity status, and season whereas spermatophore size was not related to CW. Fisheries management should include multiple measures of sexual maturity and consider factors including geographical distribution when establishing and assessing guidelines for this economically important species.
Chefs-d’œuvre of the Sternberg collection
Authors: Zlatohlávková Eliška , Zapletalová Jana , Kindl Miroslav 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This article concerns the contents of the little-known picture gallery of the Sternbergs, one of the oldest noble families in Bohemia. The remnants of the originally extensive artistic collection are now on display at the Častolovice chateau in the Czech Republic. The aim here is to present the history of the collection with the aid of recently discovered archival documents and the results of a recently completed survey of selected masterpieces based on stylistic analysis and non-invasive physical examination.
An Annotated Edition of Chaucer Belonging to Stephan Batman
Authors: Leahy Conor 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This article introduces a copy of The Woorkes of Geffrey Chaucer (1561) formerly belonging to the writer, cleric, limner, and book-collector Stephan Batman (c. 1542–1584). The volume is currently held at the Guildhall Library (SR 2.3.3), and contains Batman’s annotations and manicules throughout the text. It also features a 28-line poem in Batman’s hand, a short booklist of medieval chronicles, and five line drawings. The book thus offers a fresh insight into the reading practices of one of the most industrious English antiquaries of the sixteenth century, and sheds new light on Chaucer’s sixteenth-century reception.
The EBLM project – VIII. First results for M-dwarf mass, radius, and effective temperature measurements using CHEOPS light curves
Authors: Swayne M I , Maxted P F L , Triaud A H M J , Sousa S G , Broeg C , Florén H-G , Guterman P , Simon A E , Boisse I , Bonfanti A , Martin D , Santerne A , Salmon S , Standing M R , Van Grootel V , Wilson T G , Alibert Y , Alonso R , Anglada Escudé G , Asquier J , Bárczy T , Barrado D , Barros S C C , Battley M , Baumjohann W , Beck M , Beck T , Bekkelien A , Benz W , Billot N , Bonfils X , Brandeker A , Busch M-D , Cabrera J , Charnoz S , Collier Cameron A , Csizmadia Sz , Davies M B , Deleuil M , Deline A , Delrez L , Demangeon O D S , Demory B-O , Dransfield G , Ehrenreich D , Erikson A , Fortier A , Fossati L , Fridlund M , Futyan D , Gandolfi D , Gillon M , Guedel M , Hébrard G , Heidari N , Hellier C , Heng K , Hobson M , Hoyer S , Isaak K G , Kiss L , Kunovac Hodžić V , Lalitha S , Laskar J , Lecavelier des Etangs A , Lendl M , Lovis C , Magrin D , Marafatto L , McCormac J , Miller N , Nascimbeni V , Olofsson G , Ottensamer R , Pagano I , Pallé E , Peter G , Piotto G , Pollacco D , Queloz D , Ragazzoni R , Rando N , Rauer H , Ribas I , Santos N C , Scandariato G , Ségransan D , Smith A M S , Steinberger M , Steller M , Szabó Gy M , Thomas N , Udry S , Walter I , Walton N A , Willett E 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
The accuracy of theoretical mass, radius, and effective temperature values for M-dwarf stars is an active topic of debate. Differences between observed and theoretical values have raised the possibility that current theoretical stellar structure and evolution models are inaccurate towards the low-mass end of the main sequence. To explore this issue, we use the CHEOPS satellite to obtain high-precision light curves of eclipsing binaries with low-mass stellar companions. We use these light curves combined with the spectroscopic orbit for the solar-type companion to measure the mass, radius, and effective temperature of the M-dwarf star. Here, we present the analysis of three eclipsing binaries. We use the pycheops data analysis software to fit the observed transit and eclipse events of each system. Two of our systems were also observed by the TESS satellite – we similarly analyse these light curves for comparison. We find consistent results between CHEOPS and TESS, presenting three stellar radii and two stellar effective temperature values of low-mass stellar objects. These initial results from our on-going observing programme with CHEOPS show that we can expect to have ∼24 new mass, radius, and effective temperature measurements for very low-mass stars within the next few years.
DERIVATION OF LOCAL DIAGNOSTIC REFERENCE LEVELS FOR COMMON ADULT COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY EXAMINATIONS IN MOROCCAN HOSPITAL
Authors: Benmessaoud M , Housni A , Elmabrouki M , Essasnaoui F , Sadiki N , Dadouch A , Labzour A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The purpose was to derive local diagnostic reference levels (LDRLs) for adults common computed tomography (CT) examinations in Moroccan hospital. The data of patients were collected retrospectively from one facility for 2 months period. The proposed LDRLs were defined as 75th percentile of spreads for CT dose index-volume (CTDIvol) and dose length product (DLP). Findings were compared with diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) of France, Australia and Egypt. A total of 259 cases were enrolled including 53% of male and 47% of female. The corresponding LDRLs in terms of CTDIvol (mGy) were 58, 15, 15 and 14 for head, chest, abdomen–pelvis and chest–abdomen–pelvis CT examinations, respectively. For DLP (mGy.cm) were 1298, 944, 1874 and 2026, respectively. The proposed LDRLs for CTDIvol were almost similar to DRLs of Australia, higher than those of France and lower than Egyptian DRLs. In terms of DLP, LDRLs were higher than compared studies with exception of head CT, which were lower and higher for CTDIvol than Egyptian DRLs. The results highlight higher radiation doses during adult CT scans, indicating the need to spread the same investigation regarding other imaging procedures including different radiological examinations across Moroccan hospitals.
Pilot of a Training Format for Clinicians' Continuing Professional Development: Open House With Rotating Short Segments
Authors: Cheung Iva W. , Bland Vanessa R. , Castro-Noriega Elisa , Silva Diego S. , Miller Kimberly J. , Michalak Erin E. , Goldsmith Charles H. 
Published: June 2021

Introduction:
Access to continuing professional development offered at lunchtime is limited by hospital scheduling that has staff members taking their lunch breaks at different times. To overcome this barrier, we developed a three-part training format with (1) a focus group segment soliciting participants' opinions on the training's target behavior, (2) a didactic segment introducing tools to support the behavior, and (3) a question-and-answer segment about the session topic. We rotated through these segments, each 15 minutes long, over 3 hours. Participants could join at any segment and experience the full curriculum after 45 minutes.

Methods:
We piloted this training format five times at three hospitals. Our training aimed to encourage clinicians to consistently inform involuntary patients about their Mental Health Act rights. We gauged the effect of the training and participants' opinions of the session using the Continuing Professional Development Reaction questionnaire and a session evaluation, respectively.

Results:
Continuing Professional Development-Reaction results (n = 80) showed a detectable increase in clinicians' intent to consistently give involuntary patients rights advice. Participants reported finding the training organized, informative, and valuable.

Discussion:
The open house with rotating short segments is a feasible and adaptable training format to engage clinicians in voluntary continuing professional development.
Bridging the Divide: An Analysis of Allied Health Quality and Research Projects
Authors: Dennett Amy M. , Taylor Nicholas F. , Porter Judi , Evans Jane , Horne-Thompson Anne L. , Harding Katherine E. 
Published: June 2021

Introduction:
A range of activities are conducted in health care settings aiming to improve health care processes and outcomes. In many settings, these activities are classified into two broad domains of “quality improvement” and “health services research” each with its own methods, continuing education, support structures, and governance systems. We aimed to explore differences and similarities in the purpose, methods, and outcomes of approved allied health projects conducted under each of these domains at a large metropolitan health network.

Method:
Using observational methods, we evaluated allied health quality improvement and research projects approved through the relevant governance systems in a single health network during a 12-month reporting period. Project leaders were surveyed, and project documentation was evaluated using the SQUIRE tool.

Results:
Allied health professionals were motivated to undertake both quality improvement (n = 13) and research projects (n = 15) to improve health care. Research projects were more likely to be disseminated externally, but quality improvement projects were more frequently reported to result in internal practice change. Methods were well documented for research projects, but this information was frequently lacking for quality improvement projects. Research projects were also more likely to be supported by external funding than quality improvement projects.

Implications:
Allied health clinicians conducting improvement activities using research and quality improvement projects share common goals. There are likely to be opportunities to enhance value and implementation of findings into practice by bridging the divide between health service research and quality improvement activities in health networks.
Simultaneous Quantification of 11 Antiseizure Medications and Metabolites in Serum for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Ultraviolet Detection: A Short Communication
Authors: Lipecki Yannick , Haen Ekkehard 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of antiseizure medications (ASMs) is widely used to guide therapy, avoid toxicity, and assess patient compliance. Commercial immunologic quantification methods are common practice; however, as they are only applicable to one specific drug and prone to cross-reacting metabolites, their practical applicability is limited. In this article, the authors proposed a high-performance liquid chromatography method using ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) for simultaneous quantification of 11 ASMs and active metabolites (carbamazepine, felbamate, lacosamide, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone, zonisamide, carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide, and licarbazepine) in serum.

Methods:
Chromatographic separation was performed on a Phenomenex Luna PFP(2) (3-µm particle size; 150 × 4.6 mm i.d.) analytical column. The mobile phase comprised phosphate buffer (20 mM; pH 3), acetonitrile (ACN), and methanol using gradient elution. Analyses were conducted at 35°C and a 1.3-mL/min flow rate. The detection wavelength for all analytes was 210 nm. The samples were prepared by protein precipitation using ACN.

Results:
The HPLC-UV method was validated according to the FDA guidelines and applied to measure patient samples in TDM. Calibration curves showed excellent linearity (r2 > 0.99) and covered the entire reference range for each analyte. Intraday and interday imprecisions and inaccuracies were <10% for all samples. Extensive stability testing showed no significant degradation (<15%), and interference measurements additionally ensured clinical applicability. Furthermore, the sensitivity was comparable with that of previously published HPLC methods using mass spectrometry.

Conclusions:
The authors developed an HPLC-UV method for the simultaneous quantification of 11 ASMs in the human serum and demonstrated its practical applicability in TDM. The method requires only standard laboratory equipment and simple sample preparation, making TDM available in less specialized laboratories.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STOPPER POSITION AND INJECTION VOLUME IN RANIBIZUMAB AND AFLIBERCEPT PREFILLED SYRINGES
Authors: Hinkle John W. , Hsu Jason 
Published: June 2021

Purpose:
To determine the relationship between stopper position and injection volume in aflibercept and ranibizumab prefilled syringes (PFS).

Methods:
Empty aflibercept 2.0 mg PFS and ranibizumab 0.3 mg and 0.5 mg PFS were collected and refilled with saline. The stopper was positioned relative to the preprinted mark, and resulting injection volumes were recorded. The position for double the on-label volume was confirmed with repeated testing. The quantitative relationship between position and volume was calculated.

Results:
In ranibizumab PFS, doubling the distance increased the volume injected by 2.6 times. Positioning the stopper 4.0, 3.0, 2.0, and 0 mm proximal to and 1.0 mm distal to the mark injected volumes of 0.13, 0.1, 0.08, 0.05, and 0.03 mL, respectively. The relationship between position (x) and volume (y) was y = 0.019x + 0.048. In aflibercept PFS, doubling the distance increased the volume injected by 3.2 times. Positioning the stopper 2.5, 2.0, 1.0, and 0 mm proximal to and 1.0 mm distal to the mark injected volumes of 0.16, 0.14, 0.11, 0.05, and 0.02 mL, respectively. The relationship between position (x) and volume (y) was y = 0.041x + 0.059.

Conclusion:
Proper positioning of the stopper at the preprinted mark accurately delivers the on-label volume with both the ranibizumab and aflibercept PFS. However, small variations in stopper position appear to have substantial effects on the volume of drug injected.
IMAGING ARTIFACTS IN FLUORESCENCE LIFETIME IMAGING OPHTHALMOSCOPY
Authors: Dysli Chantal , Dysli Muriel , Lincke Joel , Jaggi Damian , Wolf Sebastian , Zinkernagel Martin S. 
Published: June 2021

Purpose:
To investigate and quantify the influence of imaging artifacts on retinal fluorescence lifetime (FLIO) values and to provide helpful hints and tricks to avoid imaging artifacts and to improve FLIO image acquisition quality.

Methods:
A systematic analysis of potential parameters influencing FLIO quality and/or fluorescence lifetime values was performed in a prospective systematic experimental imaging study in five eyes of five healthy subjects. For image acquisition, a fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscope (Heidelberg Engineering) was used. Quantitative analysis of FLIO lifetime changes due to imaging artifacts was performed.

Results:
Imaging artifacts with significant influence on fluorescence lifetimes included too short image acquisition time, insufficient illumination, ocular surface problems, and image defocus. Prior use of systemic or topical fluorescein makes analysis of retinal fluorescence lifetimes impossible.

Conclusion:
Awareness of possible sources of imaging artifacts is important for FLIO image acquisition and analysis. Therefore, standardized imaging and analysis procedure in FLIO is crucial for high-quality image acquisition and the possibility for systematic quantitative fluorescence lifetime analysis.
Myopic shift after Salzmann nodule excision
Authors: Witsberger Emily M. , Maguire Leo J. , Patel Sanjay V. 
Published: June 2021

Purpose:
To quantify changes in manifest refractive error and mean keratometric power (Km) at 1 month and ≥12 months after Salzmann nodule excision.

Setting:
Cornea service at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.

Design:
Retrospective consecutive case series.

Methods:
Changes in manifest refractive error (spherical equivalent), Km, and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) were compared for 73 eyes of 58 patients who underwent Salzmann nodule excision. Eyes with ocular comorbidities were excluded. Comparisons between preoperative and postoperative measurements were made by using generalized estimating equation models.

Results:
Mean patient age was 66 years, and 53 patients (91%) were female. Spherical equivalent manifest refractive error was −0.27 ± 2.66 diopters (D) before nodule excision and became more myopic (−1.10 ± 2.78 D) at 1 month after nodule excision (n = 69, P < .001) with no change at 12 months (n = 14, P = .13). A myopic shift ≥0.5 D occurred in 65% of eyes and ≥1.0 D in 36% of eyes. Km increased from 42.7 ± 2.11 D before nodule excision to 44.2 ± 1.82 D at 1 month after excision (n = 49, P < .001). CDVA improved from 0.18 ± 0.15 logMAR (Snellen equivalent 20/30) before nodule excision to 0.05 ± 0.09 logMAR (20/22, n = 69, P < .001) at 1 month after excision with no change at 12 months (n = 14, P = .73).

Conclusions:
In addition to known changes in cylinder, Salzmann nodule excision is associated with a myopic shift in most eyes caused by corneal steepening. Patients should be counseled about the likelihood of refractive changes, and cataract surgery should be deferred until refractive stability is achieved.
Chronic widespread pain in children and adolescents presenting in primary care: prevalence and associated risk factors
Authors: Somayajula Glenys G. , Campbell Paul , Protheroe Joanne , Lacey Rosie J. , Dunn Kate M. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A significant proportion of children/adolescents report chronic widespread pain (CWP), but little is known about clinically relevant CWP or what factors lead to onset in this population. Objectives were to report the primary care consultation prevalence of CWP and investigate risk factors associated with onset. A validated algorithm for identifying CWP status from primary care electronic healthcare records was applied to a child or adolescent population (aged 8-18 years). The algorithm records patients who have recurrent pain consultations (axial skeleton and upper or lower limbs) or those with a nonspecific generalised pain disorder (eg, fibromyalgia). Prevalence was described, and a nested case-control study was established to identify risk factors associated with CWP onset using logistic regression producing odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Two hundred seventy-one children or adolescents were identified with CWP, resulting in a 5-year consultation prevalence of 3.19%. Risk factors significantly associated with CWP onset were as follows: mental health (eg, anxiety/neurosis consultations), neurological (eg, headaches), genitourinary (eg, cystitis), gastrointestinal (eg, abdominal pain), and throat problems (eg, sore throats). Children or adolescents with 1 or 2 risk factors (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.6-2.9) or 3 or more risk factors (OR 9.17, 95% CI 5.9-14.3) were at significantly increased odds of CWP onset compared with those with none. Findings show a significant proportion of the child or adolescent primary care population has CWP. Most risk factors involved pain-related conditions, suggesting potential pathways of pain development. Further work is now needed to better understand the development of CWP in children and adolescents.
Changes to the activity and sensitivity of nerves innervating subchondral bone contribute to pain in late-stage osteoarthritis
Authors: Morgan Michael , Thai Jenny , Nazemian Vida , Song Richard , Ivanusic Jason J. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Although it is clear that osteoarthritis (OA) pain involves activation and/or sensitization of nociceptors that innervate knee joint articular tissues, much less is known about the role of the innervation of surrounding bone. In this study, we used monoiodoacetate (MIA)-induced OA in male rats to test the idea that pain in OA is driven by differential contributions from nerves that innervate knee joint articular tissues vs the surrounding bone. The time-course of pain behavior was assayed using the advanced dynamic weight-bearing device, and histopathology was examined using haematoxylin and eosin histology. Extracellular electrophysiological recordings of knee joint and bone afferent neurons were made early (day 3) and late (day 28) in the pathogenesis of MIA-induced OA. We observed significant changes in the function of knee joint afferent neurons, but not bone afferent neurons, at day 3 when there was histological evidence of inflammation in the joint capsule, but no damage to the articular cartilage or subchondral bone. Changes in the function of bone afferent neurons were only observed at day 28, when there was histological evidence of damage to the articular cartilage and subchondral bone. Our findings suggest that pain early in MIA-induced OA involves activation and sensitization of nerves that innervate the joint capsule but not the underlying subchondral bone, and that pain in late MIA-induced OA involves the additional recruitment of nerves that innervate the subchondral bone. Thus, nerves that innervate bone should be considered important targets for development of mechanism-based therapies to treat pain in late OA.