bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An evaluation of the online post-diagnostic groups facilitated by the autism spectrum condition service at Gloucestershire Health and Care NHS
Authors: Hatton Victoria Anne , Lee Ming Xuan 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
Autism spectrum condition (ASC) is a lifelong developmental condition. According to research, it is recommended that those diagnosed with ASC should be offered post-diagnosis support to explore their diagnosis (Punshow, Skirrow and Murphy, 2009). The ASC Diagnostic Assessment Service at Gloucestershire Health Care (GHC) NHS Foundation Trust offers an assessment service to adults (18+) located within Gloucestershire. All those who receive a diagnosis are then invited to a 7-week post-diagnostic group facilitated by the multidisciplinary team. This service evaluation aimed to evaluate the aforementioned group so that it can be improved upon and thus provide a better service for future clients.

Design/methodology/approach
In total, 14 participants (6 males, 8 females) were interviewed for the purpose of this evaluation following their attendance at these groups.

Findings
The interview transcripts then underwent thematic analysis with four themes identified; “Autistic Community”, “Experience of Being Part of an Online Group”, “Opportunity for Consolidation”, and “Design Considerations and Improvements”. Further sub-themes were also identified. Overall, the service evaluation identified that the group provided a platform for sharing experiences and gaining a sense of belonging. It also highlighted that individuals have different preferences for whether groups should be facilitated online or face-to-face, and also different preferences for the duration of sessions. Further analysis also revealed the suggestion that the final session, for family and friends, should be optional so that those without a support network, do not need to attend as this caused unease in some. Further findings were also identified.

Originality/value
To the authors’ knowledge, existing articles have only focused on the evaluation of the availability of post-diagnostic provision and autistic individuals’ general impression of it rather than an in-depth evaluation of a specific type of support.
The effect of mandatory adoption of IFRS on the magnitude of accruals
Authors: Sánchez Francisco , Giner Begoña , Gill-de-Albornoz Noguer Belén 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThis paper investigates whether the greater flexibility of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in contrast to accounting models that were used before those standards became mandatory meant a significant change in the magnitude of accruals recognized in the accounting income.Design/methodology/approach18,126 observations are analyzed on 1,881 non-financial companies in 19 European countries in 2000–2012. A difference-in-differences regression method is used. The treatment sample includes companies that were required to adopt IFRS as from the 2005 fiscal year, while the control sample comprises companies that voluntarily adopted IFRS prior to 2005.FindingsCompared to prior accounting standards, the mandatory adoption of IFRS increased the absolute value of accruals. This result is seen only in those companies where the magnitude of accruals is negative. The observed effect is independent of the degree of similarity between IFRS and prior standards.Originality/valueThis paper complements the literature analyzing the effect of IFRS on the financial statements and on the financial-economic indicators of companies. It analyzes the component of accounting income that is most sensitive to the use of professional judgment: accruals. Focusing on observed accruals helps avoid an error in measurement that can be made when working with the discretionary component of accruals. Additionally, a longer time horizon than in previous studies is considered.
Gramian solutions and solitonic interactions of a (2+1)-dimensional Broer–Kaup–Kupershmidt system for the shallow water
Authors: Li Liu-Qing , Gao Yi-Tian , Yu Xin , Deng Gao-Fu , Ding Cui-Cui 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to study the Gramian solutions and solitonic interactions of a (2 + 1)-dimensional Broer–Kaup–Kupershmidt (BKK) system, which models the nonlinear and dispersive long gravity waves traveling along two horizontal directions in the shallow water of uniform depth.

Design/methodology/approach
Pfaffian technique is used to construct the Gramian solutions of the (2 + 1)-dimensional BKK system. Asymptotic analysis is applied on the two-soliton solutions to study the interaction properties.

Findings
N-soliton solutions in the Gramian with a real function ζ(y) of the (2 + 1)-dimensional BKK system are constructed and proved, where N is a positive integer and y is the scaled space variable. Conditions of elastic and inelastic interactions between the two solitons are revealed asymptotically. For the three and four solitons, elastic, inelastic interactions and soliton resonances are discussed graphically. Effect of the wave numbers, initial phases and ζ(y) on the solitonic interactions is also studied.

Originality/value
Shallow water waves are studied for the applications in environmental engineering and hydraulic engineering. This paper studies the shallow water waves through the Gramian solutions of a (2 + 1)-dimensional BKK system and provides some phenomena that have not been studied.
Critical parameters influencing the quality of metal castings: a systematic literature review
Authors: Suthar Janak , Persis Jinil , Gupta Ruchita 
Published: October 2021

PurposeCasting is one of the well-known manufacturing processes to make durable parts of goods and machinery. However, the quality of the casting parts depends on the proper choice of process variables related to properties of the materials used in making a mold and the product itself; hence, variables related to product/process designs are taken into consideration. Understanding casting techniques considering significant process variables is critical to achieving better quality castings and helps to improve the productivity of the casting processes. This study aims to understand the computational models developed for achieving better quality castings using various casting techniques.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature review is conducted in the field of casting considering the period 2000–2020. The keyword co-occurrence network and word cloud from the bibliometric analysis and text mining of the articles reveal that optimization and simulation models are extensively developed for various casting techniques, including sand casting, investment casting, die casting and squeeze casting, to improve quality aspects of the casting's product. This study further investigates the optimization and simulation models and has identified various process variables involved in each casting technique that are significantly affecting the outcomes of the processes in terms of defects, mechanical properties, yield, dimensional accuracy and emissions.FindingsThis study has drawn out the need for developing smart casting environments with data-driven modeling that will enable dynamic fine-tuning of the casting processes and help in achieving desired outcomes in today's competitive markets. This study highlights the possible technology interventions across the metal casting processes, which can further enhance the quality of the metal casting products and productivity of the casting processes, which show the future scope of this field.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper investigates the body of literature on the contributions of various researchers in producing high-quality casting parts and performs bibliometric analysis on the articles. However, research articles from high-quality journals are considered for the literature analysis in identifying the critical parameters influencing quality of metal castings.Originality/valueThe systematic literature review reveals the analytical models developed using simulation and optimization techniques and the important quality characteristics of the casting products. Further, the study also explores critical influencing parameters involved in every casting process that significantly affects the quality characteristics of the metal castings.
Analysis and impact of COVID-19 disclosures: is IT-services different from others?
Authors: Majumdar Adrija , Singh Pranav 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThere is ambiguity regarding whether coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a boon or bane for the IT services industry. On the one hand, it has created opportunities, especially with the growth of collaborative technologies. On the other hand, many firms have reduced their IT budgets owing to the ongoing recession. This study explores how IT firms have assessed the risk of the pandemic in the early days and informed capital market participants. In addition, it examines the impact of such online disclosures on information asymmetry.Design/methodology/approachThe authors analysed annual reports of publicly listed firms in the USA filed on the Securities and Exchange Commission website in 2020 and examined whether the disclosure scenario of technology firms was different from that of the other industries. Moreover, the risk sentiment of COVID-19-related disclosures was assessed by employing text analytics. Information asymmetry was measured using the bid–ask spread.FindingsOverall, it was found that IT services firms were less likely to discuss the COVID-19 pandemic in their annual reports. Interestingly, it was observed that technology firms that chose to communicate about the pandemic had a lower incidence of words related to risks. Furthermore, communicating about COVID-19 in annual reports calms investors and improves the information asymmetry situation about the firm. Variation in the severity of the pandemic and the responses of state governments was controlled for by employing state-fixed effects in the empirical models.Originality/valueThe authors inform the literature on corporate disclosures and technology and highlight the importance of effectively communicating about the pandemic.
Intestinal flora characteristics of advanced non‐small cell lung cancer in China and their role in chemotherapy based on metagenomics: A prospective exploratory cohort study
Authors: Zhang Min , Liu Dan , Zhou Huan , Liu Xiangjun , Li Xiuhua , Cheng Ye , Gao Bing , Chen Jun 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundLung cancer has the highest mortality rate among malignant tumors, with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) being the most common type. As the main component of the human microflora, the intestinal flora interacts with the human body to affect immunity, metabolism, and the formation of diseases.MethodsForty‐five patients with advanced NSCLC who received platinum‐containing dual‐drug chemotherapy were enrolled in a prospective exploratory cohort study. The intestinal flora was dynamically collected at baseline and after two chemotherapy cycles. Next‐generation sequencing and metagenomics were then used to analyze the species and function of the intestinal flora at all levels.ResultsSignificant differences in the intestinal flora of patients with NSCLC were found according to sex and age. At the family level, the abundances of Streptococcaceae, Lactobacillaceae, and Leuconostocaceae after platinum‐containing dual‐drug chemotherapy were significantly higher compared to those before chemotherapy. At the family level, patients with chemotherapy‐induced gastrointestinal reactions had a significantly higher abundance of Leuconostocaceae than those without gastrointestinal responses. Meanwhile, patients with gastrointestinal reactions had higher metabolism, human diseases, cellular processes, and environmental information processing than those who did not. At the genus level, responders had higher abundances of Bacteroides compared to nonresponders. Moreover, nonresponders had higher levels of the six major metabolic pathways compared to responders.ConclusionsThe intestinal flora of Chinese patients with advanced NSCLC differed according to sex and age. Moreover, significant differences in the intestinal flora were noted after chemotherapy, which could be associated with chemotherapy‐induced gastrointestinal reactions and the efficacy of chemotherapy.
Changes in total and segmental extracellular and intracellular volumes with hypotension during hemodialysis measured with bioimpedance spectroscopy
Authors: Haroon Sabrina , Tai Bee Choo , Yeo Xier , Davenport Andrew 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundBioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) devices have been advocated to guide volume management in hemodialysis (HD) patients. We hypothesized that understanding the dynamics of fluid shifts in different body segments may provide additional insight on preventive measures to reduce the risk of intradialytic hypotension.MethodsA prospective observational study was conducted among 42 HD patients at risk of hypotension who were admitted as emergencies inpatient.ResultsA total of 191 BIA measurements were made during the 42 HD sessions, and hypotension occurred during 52 measurements (27%). The extracellular water (ECW) to intracellular water ratio (EIR) was measured in different body segments and declined significantly only in the non‐access arm with increasing HD session duration (β = −0.04; 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.05 to −0.03, p < 0.01). There was no significant association between EIR and hypotension with respect to the different body segments. Only pre‐HD N‐terminal‐pro b‐type natriuretic peptide was significantly associated with hypotension (β = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.89, p = 0.04). There was no association between relative blood volume monitoring change and EIR.ConclusionIn summary, we found that segmental BIA during HD was unable to detect or predict hypotension during dialysis. Although BIA is able to provide information about ECW and guide clinical assessment of volume in HD patients prior to dialysis, our findings did not suggest the use of serial measurements of changes in EIR in different body segments during HD provided sufficient information to predict intradialytic hypotension. Similarly, changes in EIR did not provide information on changes in plasma volume that could potentially trigger interventions to prevent or reduce intra‐dialytic hypotension.
Types of Surgery Performed and Reoperation Rate for Congenital Superior Oblique Palsy: a Claims Database Study
Authors: Heo Hwan , Lambert Scott R. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPurposeTo investigate types of surgeries performed to treat a presumed congenital superior oblique palsy (SOP) and the reoperation rate.MethodsThis was a population‐based retrospective cohort study using claims data from the United States. Patients who underwent strabismus surgery for a presumed congenital SOP with ≥ 3 months of continuous enrolment after the initial surgery were included. We investigated age, surgical methods and the time interval between the initial surgery and reoperation. The hazard ratios for reoperation were estimated according to the surgical methods using Cox regression analysis.ResultsA total of 3,998 patients underwent surgery for presumed congenital SOP; 2,981 (74.6%) on only one vertical muscle (excluding superior oblique). Reoperation was performed on 427 patients (10.7%). Compared to patients who underwent unilateral surgery on one vertical muscle (excluding superior oblique muscle), patients who underwent surgery that included the superior oblique muscle (unilateral 2.08; 95% CI, 1.61–2.67, p < 0.001; bilateral 2.44; 95% CI, 1.40–4.28, p = 0.002) and two or more vertical muscles (excluding the superior oblique muscle) (unilateral 2.99; 95% CI, 2.00‐4.49, p < 0.001; bilateral 1.68; 95% CI, 1.23–2.28, p = 0.001) had increased hazard ratios for reoperation. The median period between the initial surgery and reoperation was 168.0 [Q1–Q3 84.0–407.8] days and negatively correlated with patient age at initial surgery (r = −0.199, p < 0.001).ConclusionThe reoperation rate for presumed congenital SOP was 10.7%. Patients who underwent surgery on two or more vertical muscles or the superior oblique muscle had an increased risk of reoperation.
Anti‐Indigenous policy formation : Settler colonialism and neoliberal political advocacy
Authors: Willmott Kyle , Skillings Alec 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPolitical advocacy groups have a quiet role in much of the analysis of Indigenous‐settler relations, reconciliation, and ongoing settler colonialism. Using a data set of 407 texts covering a range of 21 years (1998‐2019), we conducted a content analysis on the Canadian Taxpayers Federation (CTF), a well‐known ‘taxpayer’ group that has long engaged in hostile analysis of First Nations. We describe the various themes that the CTF writes about in relation to Indigenous peoples, discuss the temporal changes in how the CTF discusses policy, and offer theoretical analysis that demonstrates how neoliberal political advocacy groups have looked to weaken and attack the position of Indigenous nations in relation to settler colonial Canada.
Changes of lipoprotein(a) levels with endogenous steroid hormones
Authors: Tessitore Elena , Dobretz Kevin , Dhayat Nasser Abdalla , Kern Ilse , Ponte Belen , Pruijm Menno , Ackermann Daniel , Estoppey Sandrine , Burnier Michel , Martin Pierre‐Yves , Vogt Bruno , Vuilleumier Nicolas , Bochud Murielle , Mach François , Ehret Georg 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundLipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is an LDL‐like molecule that is likely causal for cardiovascular events and Lp(a) variability has been shown to be mostly of genetic origin. Exogenous hormones (hormone replacement therapy) seem to influence Lp(a) levels, but the impact of endogenous hormone levels on Lp(a) is still unknown. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of endogenous steroid hormone metabolites on Lp(a).MethodsLipoprotein(a) levels were measured in 1,021 participants from the Swiss Kidney Project on Genes in Hypertension, a family‐based, multicentre, population‐based prospective cohort study. Endogenous levels of 28 steroid hormone precursors were measured in 24‐h urine collections from 883 individuals. Of the participants with Lp(a) data, 1,011 participants had also genotypes available.ResultsThe participants had an average age of 51 years and 53% were female. Median Lp(a) levels were 62 mg/L, and the 90thpercentile was 616 mg/L. The prevalence of a Lp(a) elevation ≥700 mg/L was 3.2%. Forty‐three per cent of Lp(a) variability was explained respectively by: age (2%,p < .001), LDL‐C (1%,p = .001), and two SNPs (39%,pvalue<2⋅10−16). Of the 28 endogenous steroid hormones assessed, androstenetriol, androsterone, 16α‐OH‐DHEA and estriol were nominatively associated with serum Lp(a) levels in univariable analyses and explained 0.4%–1% of Lp(a) variability, but none of them reached significance in multivariable models.ConclusionsIn this contemporary population‐based study, the prevalence of a Lp(a) elevation ≥700 mg/L was 3.2%. The effect of endogenous steroid hormone levels of Lp(a) variability was small at best, suggesting a negligible impact on the wide range of Lp(a) variability.
Nonlinear responses of ecosystem carbon fluxes to nitrogen deposition in an old‐growth boreal forest
Authors: Xing Aijun , Du Enzai , Shen Haihua , Xu Longchao , de Vries Wim , Zhao Mengying , Liu Xiuyuan , Fang Jingyun 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNitrogen (N) deposition is known to increase carbon (C) sequestration in N‐limited boreal forests. However, the long‐term effects of N deposition on ecosystem carbon fluxes have been rarely investigated in old‐growth boreal forests. Here we show that decade‐long experimental N additions significantly stimulated net primary production (NPP) but the effect decreased with increasing N loads. The effect on soil heterotrophic respiration (Rh) shifted from a stimulation at low‐level N additions to an inhibition at higher levels of N additions. Consequently, low‐level N additions resulted in a neutral effect on net ecosystem productivity (NEP), due to a comparable stimulating effect on NPP and Rh, while NEP was increased by high‐level N additions. Moreover, we found nonlinear temporal responses of NPP, Rh and NEP to low‐level N additions. Our findings imply that actual N deposition in boreal forests likely exerts a minor contribution to their soil C storage.
Postural balance problems in people with intellectual disabilities: Do not forget the sensory input systems
Authors: Leyssens Laura , Van Hecke Ruth , Moons Karlien , Luypaert Sofie , Danneels Maya , Patru Julie , Willems Melina , Maes Leen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis pilot study aimed to explore the impact of visual, auditory and vestibular dysfunctions on the postural balance performance in adults with intellectual disabilities. Additionally, a comparison was made between the subjects with intellectual disabilities and a control group concerning static and dynamic balance tasks.MethodThirty adults with intellectual disabilities and 25 control subjects received a postural balance assessment. Additionally, the experimental group was subjected to a visual, auditory and vestibular screening.ResultsThe experimental group performed significantly worse and/or showed more sway compared to the control group for all balance tasks (p < .01) except the timed up and go test. Within the experimental group, a significant positive correlation (rs(24) = 0.513, p = .007) was observed between the number of failed sensory screening items and the number of failed balance tasks.ConclusionsThese findings suggest significant involvement of peripheral sensorial deficits in the balance problems that people with intellectual disabilities often experience.
Public responses to COVID‐19 case disclosure and their spatial implications
Authors: Lee Kwan Ok , Lee Hyojung 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe study how the public changes their mobility and retail spending patterns as precautionary responses to the disclosed location of COVID‐19 cases. To look into the underlying mechanisms, we investigate how such change varies spatially and whether there is any spatial spillover or substitution. We use the daily data of cell phone‐based mobility and credit card transactions between February 10 and May 31 in both 2019 and 2020 in Seoul, South Korea, and employ the empirical approach analyzing the year‐over‐year percent change for the mobility and consumption outcomes. Results report that one additional COVID‐19 case within the last 14 days decreased nonresident inflow and retail spending by 0.40 and 0.65 percentage points, respectively. Then, we also find evidence of spatial heterogeneity: the mobility and retail performances of neighborhoods with higher residential population density were more resilient to COVID‐19 case information while neighborhoods with higher levels of land‐use diversity and retail agglomeration experienced a greater localized demand shock. This heterogeneity is not negligible. For example, one additional COVID‐19 case in neighborhoods in the bottom 20% for population density led to a decline of 1.2 percentage points in retail spending, while other neighborhoods experienced a less negative impact. Finally, we find a significant spatial spillover effect of disclosed COVID‐19 information instead of spatial substitution. One additional COVID‐19 case in geographically adjacent areas within the last 14 days reduced nonresident inflow and retail spending in the subject neighborhood by 0.06 and 0.09 percentage points, respectively.