bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cultivated meat microbiological safety considerations and practices
Authors: Powell Dean Joel , Li Dan , Smith Ben , Chen Wei Ning 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCultivated meat, produced using cell culture technology, is an alternative to conventional meat production that avoids the risks from enteric pathogens associated with animal slaughter and processing. Cultivated meat therefore has significant theoretical microbiological safety advantages, though limited information is available to validate this. This review discusses sources and vectors of microbial contamination throughout cultivated meat production, introduces industry survey data to evaluate current industry practices for monitoring and mitigating these hazards, and highlights future research needs. Industry survey respondents reported an average microbiological contamination batch failure rate of 11.2%. The most common vectors were related to personnel, equipment, and the production environment, while the most commonly reported type of microbiological contaminant was bacteria. These will likely remain prominent vectors and source organisms in commercial‐scale production but can be addressed by a modified combination of existing commercial food and biopharmaceutical production safety systems such as Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP), Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), and Good Cell Culture Practice (GCCP). As the sector matures and embeds these and other safety management systems, microbiological contamination issues should be surmountable. Data are also included to investigate whether the limited microbiome of cultivated products poses a novel food safety risk. However, further studies are needed to assess the growth potential of microorganisms in different cultivated meat products, taking into account factors such as their composition, pH, water activity, and background microflora.
Demystifying furan formation in foods: Implications for human health, detection, and control measures: A review
Authors: Batool Zahra , Singla Rajeev K. , Kamal Mohammad Amjad , Shen Bairong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFuran (C₄H₄O), an unintended hazardous compound, is formed in various thermally processed foods through multiple pathways, raising concerns due to its potential carcinogenicity in humans. The aim of this comprehensive review was to synthesize and evaluate the latest research on furan, from its formation by different precursors to its presence in diverse food matrices, as well as the emerging methods for its detection and mitigation. Emphasizing the toxicity of furan, it explored evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies, including reproductive toxicity, carcinogenic effects, and related biomarkers. Additionally, this review focused on human risk assessments of furan exposure and discussed innovative research approaches to better understand its health risks. By consolidating current knowledge, this review provided a comprehensive perspective on furan's impact on human health and suggested future research directions to further research on furan.
Effect of ultrasound‐assisted extraction on phenolic profile, bio‐accessibility, OVCAR‐3, and SKOV‐3 cytotoxicity in blackthorn (Prunus spinosa L.)
Authors: Bostanci Ayten , Yilmaz Emel , Damar Irem 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to examine the extraction of specific phenolic compounds from blackthorn using ultrasound‐assisted extraction (UAE) and to evaluate the influence of UAE on the phenolic composition, bioaccessibility, and cytotoxic effect evaluated on ovarian cancer (OVCAR‐3 and SKOV‐3) and healthy (HaCaT) cell lines. The UAE parameters were optimized by modeling with the response surface method. Temperature, time, and ultrasound amplitude were utilized to determine the optimal extraction conditions. Optimization experiments were conducted to assess the influence of independent variables on the maximum concentrations of six phenolic compounds identified via high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. The optimal conditions for UAE were determined as an extraction temperature of 33.177°C, a duration of 4.334 min, and an amplitude of 38.980%. The phenolic profile of the extract obtained under optimized UAE conditions (B‐UAEopt) was re‐examined, confirming that it remained consistent at the individual component level. Using an in vitro digestion model, UAE was found to increase the bioaccessibility of antioxidant activity in the small intestine. The IC50 values for OVCAR‐3 were 64 and 67 mg mL−1 for blackthorn and B‐UAEopt, while the IC50 values for SKOV‐3 were 53 mg mL−1 and 50 mg mL−1 for blackthorn and B‐UAEopt, respectively. This study showed that UAE is an exceptionally effective method for extracting phenolic compounds from blackthorn, as it preserves the phenolic profile, enhances bioaccessibility, and maintains cytotoxic effects without any detrimental impact.
Non‐destructive detection of milk nutritional components based on hyperspectral imaging
Authors: Zhang Yuanpu , Liu Jiangping 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAs consumers increasingly prioritize food safety and nutritional value, the dairy industry faces a pressing need for rapid and accurate methods to detect essential nutritional components in milk, such as fat, protein, and lactose. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technology, known for its non‐destructive, fast, and precise nature, shows great promise in food quality assessment. However, the high dimensionality of HSI data poses challenges for effective band selection and model optimization. Additionally, prior studies primarily focus on predicting single nutritional components without addressing simultaneous multi‐component detection. To overcome these challenges, this study presents a comprehensive approach that integrates moving average smoothing and first derivative (MA‐FD) preprocessing, the improved coati optimization algorithm (ICOA), and the CatBoost model for multi‐target regression. ICOA incorporates the good point set strategy, dynamic opposition‐based learning, and the golden sine algorithm, which significantly enhance its global search capability and convergence speed in band selection. Combined with CatBoost's multi‐target prediction capability, this method enables accurate detection of fat, protein, and lactose levels in milk. Experimental results demonstrate high prediction accuracy, with the calibration set achieving an multi‐target coefficient of determination (MultiR2) of 0.9992 and multi‐target root mean square error (MultiRMSE) of 0.0240, while the prediction set yielded an MultiR2 of 0.9797 and MultiRMSE of 0.1181. Prediction set R2 values for fat, protein, and lactose were 0.9658, 0.9910, and 0.9825, respectively. The proposed method demonstrates robust predictive accuracy and reliability in milk quality assessment, and its potential for application in broader food quality assessments is substantial.Practical ApplicationThis study provides a rapid, non‐destructive method for assessing milk quality by detecting key nutritional components through hyperspectral imaging, combined with MA‐FD preprocessing, ICOA for band selection, and CatBoost for multi‐target regression. This approach offers the dairy industry a reliable, non‐invasive solution that supports quality control and helps safeguard consumer health.
A comprehensive profiling of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of 24 varieties of red raspberry cultivated in Northeast China
Authors: Zhang Haonan , Yu Yiping , Zhang Hegu , Zhao Xin , Wang Jinling 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRed raspberries, valued for their nutrients and bioactive compounds, have broad uses in processing and healthy products. However, limited comprehensive research focused on the comparison of phenolic compounds of red raspberry, especially species cultivated in Northeast China, has been reported. This study aimed to conduct a thorough investigation of 24 red raspberry varieties in Northeast China for the first time, evaluating their phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacities. The results showed that ‘DNS1’ had the highest total phenolic content (TPC), ‘Willamette’ had the highest total flavonoid content (TFC), and ‘Boyne’ had the highest total anthocyanin content (TAC). Phenolic compounds in red raspberries were predominantly found in esterified form, while glycosylated phenolics should not be overlooked. Chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, ellagic acid, and arbutin were the main phenolic compounds, and the distribution of their contents varied between varieties. The antioxidant activity in the red raspberry had a close association with the content of phenolic compounds. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities were higher in samples from ‘DNS1’, ‘Boyne’, ‘Beijing10’, ‘DNS5’, and ‘Willamette’ varieties. These varieties should be given priority in breeding programs that aim to boost the utility and bioactive profile of red raspberries.Practical ApplicationRed raspberry is becoming a desirable commercially grown fruit species and is viewed as a new functional food. In this context, this research offers strong support for confirming the quality of 24 varieties of red raspberry and plays a critical role in the food industry. It also indicates the potential sources of superior varieties of red raspberry, which are advantageous for growers and consumers in search of high‐quality red raspberry varieties.
Optimizing extraction conditions for isolation of antioxidant compounds from black rice bran using ultrasonic‐assisted extraction and response surface methodology
Authors: Win Htun‐Htun , Teethaisong Yothin , Ketudat‐Cairns James R. , Ketudat‐Cairns Mariena 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBlack rice bran (BRB), a valuable byproduct from the rice milling process, possesses numerous pharmacological activities, including antioxidant potential, but information regarding highly efficient extraction methods is scarce. To enhance the extraction efficiency, ultrasonic‐assisted extraction coupled with Box–Behnken design (BBD) was used in this study to maximize the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total anthocyanin content (TAC), and antioxidant capacity of BRB extract. The BBD results showed that 57% ethanol at 50°C and pH 3.1 were best for TPC (136.2 mg GAE/g dry weight), TAC (2.3 mg cyanidin‐3‐O‐glucoside equivalents/g dry weight), and TFC (38.6 mg quercetin equivalents/g dry weight). In vitro antioxidant capacities of BRB extract determined by 2,2‐azinobis (3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) (ABTS+) and 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays revealed free radical scavenging potentials with EC50 values of 67.62 and 1149 µg/mL, respectively. The cytotoxic effect of BRB extract on human skin HaCaT keratinocytes was determined by a 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, which revealed no significant cytotoxicity and a significant increase in cell viability at a concentration of 500 µg/mL. Ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) analysis identified syringic acid, gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, vanillic acid, p‐coumaric acid, and ferulic acid in BRB extract. This study provides the optimal conditions to extract antioxidant bioactive compounds from BRB and supports the use of BRB as a source of antioxidants. Due to BRB showing no significant cytotoxicity to human skin cells, it could potentially be further developed for topical applications.
Impacts of kappa‐selenocarrageenan on the muscle quality of pork: Novel insights into myofibrillar protein and lipid oxidation
Authors: Wang Yuanyuan , Xiong Zhemin , Huang Qinghuo , Xiong Kexin , Wang Ziling , Lu Hongyan , Peng Lijuan , Zhang Yinping , Yang Ying , Wang Haibin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractExcessive oxidation of protein and lipids in pork leads to quality degradation and loss of nutrients. Kappa‐selenocarrageenan (Se‐K) can not only be used as a selenium enhancer but also as an antioxidant. To explore potential antioxidants that could be applied to pork, the effect of Se‐K on myofibrillar protein (MP) and lipid oxidation was investigated. The results demonstrated that Se‐K could scavenge hydroxyl radicals, DPPH radicals, and ABTS radicals. It was found that Se‐K inhibited the formation of carbonyls and decreased the loss of sulfhydryl groups of MP. Se‐K also inhibited cross‐linking, aggregation, unfolding, and structural transformation of MP and repressed the increase in surface hydrophobicity. Additionally, Se‐K enhanced the emulsibility, textural properties, and water‐holding capacity of MP. We also found that Se‐K delayed the increase in acid value, peroxide value, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances value. Furthermore, Se‐K inhibited the degradation of unsaturated fatty acids, especially linoleic acid. Overall, Se‐K was effective in inhibiting MP and lipid oxidation and could be a potential antioxidant for pork.
UPLC‐PDA‐ESI‐MS based chemometric analysis for solvent polarity effect evaluation on phytochemical compounds and antioxidant activity in habanero pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq) fruit extract
Authors: Herrera‐Pool Emanuel , Ramos‐Díaz Ana Luisa , Padilla de la Rosa José Daniel , García‐Cruz Ulises , Lizardi‐Jiménez Manuel Alejandro , Ayora‐Talavera Teresa , Cuevas‐Bernardino Juan C. , Pacheco Neith 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe effect of solvents with different polarities on the recovery of phytochemicals (carotenoids, capsaicinoids, and phenolic compounds) from habanero pepper (Capsicum chinense) and their association with antioxidant activity (ABTS•+ and DPPH) was evaluated through Ultra‐Performance‐Liquid Chromatography coupled with a Photodiode Array Detector and a Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (UPLC‐PDA‐ESI‐MS)‐based chemometric analysis, including linear correlation, multiple linear regression, and principal component analysis (PCA). The solvent polarity scale was established according to solvent dielectric constants (ɛ). Color variation (ΔE) was used to determine the presence of carotenoids, with the highest ΔE obtained using low‐polarity solvents (hexane and ethyl acetate). A high content of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin was recovered with acetone (4.29 and 3.76 mg g⁻¹ dry weight, respectively). Phenolic compounds such as N‐caffeoyl putrescine and derivatives of luteolin and apigenin were identified through mass spectrometry. A high recovery (26.54–31.74 mg GAE g⁻¹ dry weight) of these compounds was obtained using intermediate‐polarity solvents. The PCA revealed clustering of solvents based on their affinity for extracting specific compounds and their association with antioxidant activity. A significant correlation was observed between ΔE and DPPH, indicating that carotenoid pigments exhibited higher DPPH radical inhibition capacity than other compounds. Total phenolic content (TPC) and phenolic compounds (phenolpolyamides, hydroxycinnamic acids, and hydroxybenzoic acids) were clustered with the ABTS•+ radical inhibition assay. The information obtained is crucial for selecting suitable solvents in the extraction and purification protocols of bioactive compounds. It is also valuable for conducting plant metabolomic analyses and for studies focused on determining the effects of bioactive compounds in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmeceutical applications.Practical ApplicationThe results describe the characteristics of the extracts obtained using different solvents. Therefore, the information may be useful for establishing extraction protocols for phytochemical compounds in fruits from Capsicum chinense for various purposes, such as metabolomic analysis, the recovery of specific compounds with antioxidant activity, and food applications.
Nanoencapsulation of vitamin B2 using chitosan‐modified poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, and in vitro studies on simulated gastrointestinal stability and delivery
Authors: Sathiensathaporn Siriratchakorn , Solé‐Porta Anna , Baowan Duangkamon , Pissuwan Dakrong , Wongtrakoongate Patompon , Roig Anna , Katewongsa Kanlaya Prapainop 
Published: December 2024

AbstractVitamin B2, or riboflavin, is essential for maintaining healthy cellular metabolism and function. However, its light sensitivity, poor water solubility, and gastrointestinal barriers limit its storage, delivery, and absorption. Selecting suitable nanomaterials for encapsulating vitamin B2 is crucial to overcoming these challenges. This study employed chitosan‐coated poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) nanoparticles (CS‐PLGA NPs) as a novel delivery system to enhance the bioavailability of vitamin B2 for food fortification and nutraceutical applications. The nanoparticles, with sizes below 200 nm, exhibited greater stability than PLGA NPs after freeze‐drying and in simulated body fluids. Encapsulation improved the photostability of vitamin B2 under ultraviolet light and prolonged its release in simulated body fluids compared to non‐encapsulated vitamin B2. Furthermore, CS‐PLGA NPs demonstrated higher uptake in intestinal epithelial cells (Caco‐2), indicating enhanced transport and potential for use in fortified food systems. These findings underscore the promise of CS‐PLGA NPs for delivering vitamin B2 in food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical applications.Practical ApplicationThe use of chitosan‐coated PLGA NPs for encapsulating vitamin B2 offers a promising solution to enhance its bioavailability, especially for individuals with gastrointestinal absorption issues. This formulation improves stability, controlled release, and cellular uptake, which can lead to more effective supplementation strategies in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications. It could benefit patients with vitamin B2 deficiencies, such as those with malabsorption disorders, by ensuring efficient delivery through the gastrointestinal tract. Additionally, this approach can be applied to other water‐soluble vitamins or bioactive compounds, offering a versatile platform for improving the efficacy of oral supplements.
Synthesis and characterization of turmeric extract‐β‐cyclodextrin inclusion complexes: Metabolite profiling and antioxidant activity
Authors: Reddy Chagam Koteswara , Lee Choong Hwan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTurmeric (Curcuma longa L.) has gained significant attention for its medicinal properties, yet its therapeutic applications are often limited by low aqueous solubility and susceptibility to environmental factors. This study investigates the formulation of a curcumin‐rich turmeric extract–β‐cyclodextrin inclusion complex (TUE–β‐CD) to enhance its bioactivity and stability. Structural characterization and metabolite profiling of the inclusion complex were conducted using field‐emission scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with LTQ–Orbitrap–mass spectrometry (UHPLC–LTQ–Orbitrap–MS). Results revealed that the inclusion complexes exhibit distinct morphological, spectroscopic, crystalline, and thermal properties compared to both curcumin‐rich TUE and β‐CD, confirming successful encapsulation of turmeric metabolites within β‐cyclodextrin cavities. Results of UHPLC–LTQ–Orbitrap–MS confirmed that β‐CD had differential encapsulation efficiencies for bioactive compounds of turmeric. The results suggest that the inclusion complex significantly improves the thermal stability and bioactivity of turmeric extract, thereby enhancing its potential applications as a functional component in both food and non‐food industries.
Risk of comorbidity of autoimmune liver disease in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A single‐center case–control study in China
Authors: Zhang Meng Yuan , Xu Tian Ming , Sun Ying Hao , Chu Xiao Tian , Ruan Ge Chong , Bai Xiao Yin , Lv Hong , Yang Hong , Shu Hui Jun , Qian Jia Ming 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), and the impact of comorbidity of AIH, PBC, and PSC on hospitalization burden in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).MethodsInpatients admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 1, 1998 to December 31, 2021 were included. Odds ratio (OR) and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to compare the risk of AIH, PBC, and PSC between IBD and non‐IBD patients. Medical cost and length of hospitalization were compared between IBD patients with and without AIH, PBC, or PSC.ResultsAmong the included 858 967 inpatients, there were 3059 patients with IBD. Additionally, there were 117 patients with AIH, 879 patients with PBC, and 35 patients with PSC, regardless of having IBD or not. Patients with IBD had a significantly higher risk of AIH (OR 4.87, 95% CI 1.20–19.71, p = 0.03) and PSC (OR 112.28, 95% CI 53.88–233.98, p < 0.01) than those without IBD. While there was no significant difference in the risk of PBC between patients with and without IBD (OR 1.60, 95% CI 0.67–3.86, p = 0.29). The medical cost of each hospitalization did not differ between IBD patients with and without AIH, PBC, or PSC.ConclusionsIBD patients had a higher risk of AIH and PSC. Comorbidity of AIH, PBC, or PSC has no significant effect on the average cost of each hospitalization in IBD patients.
Epidermal Collagen Reduction Drives Selective Aspects of Aging in Sensory Neurons
Authors: Krishna Meera M. , Waghmare Swapnil G. , Franitza Ariel L. , Maccoux Emily C. , E Lezi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTDespite advances in understanding molecular and cellular changes in the aging nervous system, the upstream drivers of these changes remain poorly defined. Here, we investigate the roles of non‐neural tissues in neuronal aging, using the cutaneous PVD polymodal sensory neuron in Caenorhabditis elegans as a model. We demonstrate that during normal aging, PVD neurons progressively develop excessive dendritic branching, functionally correlated with age‐related proprioceptive deficits. Our study reveals that decreased collagen expression, a common age‐related phenomenon across species, triggers this process. Specifically, loss‐of‐function in dpy‐5 or col‐120, genes encoding cuticular collagens secreted to the epidermal apical surface, induces early‐onset excessive dendritic branching and proprioceptive deficits. Adulthood‐specific overexpression of dpy‐5 or col‐120 mitigates excessive branching in aged animals without extending lifespan, highlighting their specific roles in promoting neuronal health span. Notably, collagen reduction specifically drives excessive branching in select sensory neuron subclasses but does not contribute to PVD dendritic beading, another aging‐associated neurodegenerative phenotype associated with distinct mechanosensitive dysfunction. Lastly, we identify that rig‐3, an immunoglobulin superfamily member expressed in interneurons, acts upstream of collagen genes to maintain PVD dendritic homeostasis during aging, with collagen's regulatory role requiring daf‐16/FOXO. These findings reveal that age‐related collagen reduction cues neuronal aging independently of collagen's traditional structural support function, possibly involving bi‐directional communication processes between neurons and non‐neuronal cells. Our study also offers new insights into understanding selective neuron vulnerability in aging, emphasizing the importance of multi‐tissue strategies to address the complexities of neuronal aging.