bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polymorphism of Clinical Manifestations in Patients with “the Nutcracker Syndrome”
Authors: Nesterenko Iryna Romanivna 
Published: September 2021

Introduction. “The nutcracker syndrome” occurs due to abnormal compression of the left renal vein (LRV) between the superior mesenteric artery and the aorta. Clinical manifestations range from hematuria, proteinuria, pain in the left lumbar region, left sided varicocele in men, and left sided pudendal varicosity in women to the development of severe anemia and renal failure in some cases due to progressive phlebohypertension.Materials and methods. The study included 210 patientswith suspected “nutcracker syndrome” . The age of the patients ranged from 12 to 52. All patients were interviewed for specific complaints. All referred patients underwent color Doppler ultrasound. The patients with confirmed left renal vein stenosis underwent CT angiography.Results of the researchAccording to color Doppler ultrasound, different degree of aorta mesenteric clamp (AMC) was confirmed in 138 (65.7%) patients, critical LRV stenosis was observed in 35 of them. The predominant complaints of the patients with AMC included pain in the left half of the abdomen and left lumbar region, left sided varicocele and left sided pudendal varicosity, hematuria.. More than half of the patients with AMC complained of dysmenorrhea, and one in four patients with AMC complained of erectile dysfunction.Conclusions. There is no consensus on the diagnostic algorithm for this pathology detection. There is a lack of evidence base (multicenter clinical randomized trials) regarding the clinical selectivity of treatment approaches. The pathology is rarely diagnosed due to a number of objective and subjective reasons, nonspecific symptoms, and therefore it deserves special attention in the study of pathogenesis, diagnosis and choice of treatment approach.
DIAGNOSIS OF PLEOMORPHIC XANTHOASTROCYTOMA
Authors: Mikos Eryk , Dmochowska Joanna , Kanon Karol , Moqbil Sara , Góralczyk Wanesa 
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is a rare astrocytic cancer of the central nervous system that is classified as grade II according to the WHO score. It accounts for 1% of primary brain tumors. It is mainly located in the temporal lobe and belongs to a group of tumors called long-term epilepsy associated tumors. Surgical tumor resection is the treatment of choice.
Brief description of the state of knowledge. The non-invasive method of PXA diagnostics is neuroimaging, which is based on computer tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In the image, PXA presents as a solid tumor undergoing contrast enhancement, located supratentorial, with frequent peripheral cystic components.
The characteristic histologic picture for PXA is the presence of highly pleomorphic, fusiform or round, large astrocytes with single or multiple cell nuclei. Lymphoplasmic infiltrates are visible within the tumor. The most common mutations associated with the occurrence of this cancer are mutations in the BRAF V600E gene.
Conclusions. PXA is a very rare tumor of the central nervous system (CNS) that can recur and spread throughout the CNS. Imaging tests, i.e. CT and MRI, allow for precise imaging of the lesion, however, it is necessary to perform a histopathological examination to make a final diagnosis. The rarity of this cancer assimilates diagnostic problems. Therefore, further molecular research is needed to develop more efficient diagnostics.
Male hypogonadism – brief review of symptoms, types and ways of treatment
Authors: Tywanek Ewa , Trojanowska Paulina , Wronecki Jakub , Wiśniewska-Ślepaczuk Katarzyna , Łuczyk Robert Jan 
Published: September 2021

Appropriate concentration of androgens is necessary for general men’s health, especially for development and maintain reproductive and sexual function, as well as metabolic balance. The state of deficiency of testosterone or its inadequate action, as well as inability to produce good quality semen is called hypogonadism. Depending on the function of the testicles, production of androgens and sperm is also conditioned on hypothalamus-pituitary axis, metabolic status and age of the individual. Considering that, hypogonadism of primary, secondary, functional or late-onset origin may be recognised. As it concerns susceptible matter of sexual and reproductive health, it requires special interest of differently clinicians, i.e. endocrinologists, andrologists or urologists.
Wykorzystanie T agility Test do oceny stabilności funkcjonalnej u II-ligowych piłkarzy nożnych
Authors: Kuchciński Kacper , Szczypiór-Piasecka Karina , Mińko Alicja , Antczak Krzysztof , Orłowska Aleksandra 
Published: September 2021

WSTĘP: T agility Test jest testem odpowiedzialnym za ocenę stabilności funkcjonalnej, a także poruszania wielokierunkowego. W związku z szybkością wykonanych ruchów może zostać wykorzystany do badania zawodników różnorodnych dyscyplin sportowych, między innymi: piłki nożnej, piłki ręcznej lub też koszykówki. Piłka nożna jako sport kontaktowy charakteryzuje się wieloma urazami nabytymi podczas treningu, czy też podczas meczu. Najbardziej narażone są stawy kończyn dolnych, takie jak: staw biodrowy, staw kolanowy i staw skokowy.
CEL: 1. Porównanie stabilności funkcjonalnej u piłkarzy nożnych drużyny II-ligowej. 2. Wpływ kontuzji na wynik T agility Test. 3. Przydatność T agility Testu do oceny stabilności funkcjonalnej sportowców procesu treningowego.
MATERIAŁ I METODY: Zbadano 24 zawodników profesjonalnej drużyny piłkarskiej Błękitni Stargard. Badania przeprowadzono na początku rundy jesiennej sezonu 2019/2020. Średnia wieku zawodników wynosiła 21,42 lata, średnia waga wynosiła 77 kg, średni wzrost wynosił 184 cm. Natomiast średnie BMI wynosiło 22,7. Do subiektywnej oceny stanu zdrowia zawodników posłużył kwestionariusz ankiety, z kolei do oceny funkcjonalnej wykorzystano T agility Test.
WYNIKI: Najlepszy wynik T agility Test uzyskany w grupie badawczej wyniósł 9,1 s. Uzyskano dodatnie relacje podczas badania Korelacji Pearsona T agility Testz wiekiem, wagą, wzrostem i stażem treningowym. Test istotności w każdymz przypadków stwierdził brak istotnych różnic (p>0,999).
WNIOSKI: 1. Na stabilność funkcjonalną u piłkarzy ma wpływ staż treningowy, im dłuższy staż treningowy tym wynik testu jest lepszy. 2. Przebyte kontuzje nie mają wpływu na osiągnięty wynik T agility Test. 3. T agility Test jest przydatny do oceny stabilności dynamicznej u sportowców.
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: piłka nożna, T agility Test, injuries, agility, fizjoterapia
Comprehensive rehabilitation program after knee arthroplasty of GMRS as a result of treatment of a chondrosarcoma of distal part of femur with pathological fracture of the lateral femoral condyle.
Authors: Baranowska Anna , Szczypiór-Piasecka Karina , Mińko Alicja , Antczak Krzysztof 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Malignant neoplasms of bones and articular cartilage resulting from the operation of the mesenchymal sales cell valuation bank. Cells can differentiate in many countries. in. chondrocytes, osteoblasts or adipocytes The bone cancer that occurs is osteosarcoma. In second place is chondrosarcoma (chondrosarcoma).
Materials and methods: The work was written based on the development of a patient who had the further development of the femur part of the former cartilage sarcoma radio station. The entire treatment procedure at the Department of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Oncology of the Musculoskeletal System, located at Unii Lubelskiej 1 street in Szczecin.
Results: At the main point of treatment of the hospital clinic, the patient, the patient who returns as good working point, points to restore lost functions, as well as self-service learning.
Conclusion: Rehabilitation is an indispensable carrier of services for cancer patients. Introducing modern techniques such as therapy and osteopathy to rehabilitation, ensuring the economy of therapy.
Mid-infrared optical modulator based on silicon D-shaped photonic crystal fiber with VO2material
Authors: Dawood Nada Yazeed M. , Younis B. M. , Areed N. F. F. , Hameed Mohamed Farhat O. , Obayya S. S. A. 
Published: September 2021

Recently, photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) have become of significant interest due to their various applications, especially in the mid-infrared (mid-IR) regime. In this work, an optical mid-IR modulator based on silicon D-shaped PCF (Si-D-PCF) with vanadium dioxide (VO2) as a phase changing material (PCM) is presented and analyzed. Thanks to the phase transition of theVO2material between insulating (ON) and conducting (OFF) states, the modulation process can be attained. The well-known full vectorial finite element method is utilized to numerically analyze the proposed design. Further, the propagation of light through the suggested structure is studied using the 3D finite difference time domain method. The optical losses of the fundamental TM mode supported by the Si-D-PCF structure in both ON and OFF states are investigated. The obtained results reveal that the extinction ratio (ER) of the reported modulator approaches 236 dB, while the insertion loss (IL) is less than 1.3 dB over the studied wavelength range 3–7 µm at a device length (LD) of 0.5 mm. Additionally, the ER of the proposed modulator is higher than 56 dB through the whole studied wavelength range. Therefore, the proposed modulator could be utilized in photonic integrated circuits that require high ER, low IL, and large bandwidth. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first time an infrared optical modulator based on Si-D-PCF withVO2material has been presented.
All-silicon, low-cross-talk terahertz waveguide crossing based on effective medium
Authors: Lees Harrison , Gao Weijie , Withayachumnankul Withawat 
Published: September 2021

All-silicon effective-medium-clad waveguides are a promising candidate for an integrated terahertz platform with high efficiency and broad bandwidth. Waveguide crossings are essential circuit components, allowing for wave routing over shorter paths to increase circuit density. However, the simple intersection of two orthogonal effective-medium-clad waveguides results in terahertz wave scattering, leading to relatively high cross talk. In this work, a low-loss, 40% fractional bandwidth crossing utilizing Maxwell–Garnet effective-medium theory and wavefront planarization techniques is proposed. This monolithic structure is fabricated on a single high-resistivity float-zone silicon wafer using a deep reactive ion etching process with a modest 4.4 mm diameter (

4.03

λ
0

) structure footprint. Experimentally verified results show low insertion loss, less than 1 dB, and average cross talk level of

−

39

d
B

for both

E

11

x

and

E

11

y

operating modes, over 220–330 GHz with a 40% fractional bandwidth. This waveguide crossing can be foreseen as a useful routing component for terahertz all-silicon integrated circuits. The proposed techniques are applicable to other dielectric waveguide platforms at infrared and optical frequencies.
Nonreciprocal magnon laser
Authors: Xu Ye-jun , Song Jun 
Published: September 2021

A nonreciprocal magnon laser is proposed in a compound cavity optomagnonical system consisting of an yttrium iron garnet sphere coupled to a spinning resonator. On the basis of the magnon-induced Brillouin scattering process making it possible to achieve a magnon lasing action, the Fizeau light-dragging effect caused by the spinning of the resonator further results in significant modifications in the magnon gain and the threshold power of magnon lasing for different driving directions, and then a nonreciprocal magnon laser is realized. Especially, this nonreciprocal magnon laser is highly tunable by the spinning speed and the driving direction. Our work provides an experimentally feasible pathway for manipulating spin-wave excitations and may find intriguing phenomena at the crossroad between spintronics of the magnet and nonreciprocal optics.
Single-stage few-cycle nonlinear compression of milliJoule energy Ti:Sa femtosecond pulses in a multipass cell
Authors: Daniault Louis , Cheng Zhao , Kaur Jaismeen , Hergott Jean-François , Réau Fabrice , Tcherbakoff Olivier , Daher Nour , Délen Xavier , Hanna Marc , Lopez-Martens Rodrigo 
Published: September 2021

We report on the nonlinear temporal compression of mJ energy pulses from a Ti:Sa chirped pulse amplifier system in a multipass cell filled with argon. The pulses are compressed from 30 fs down to 5.3 fs, corresponding to two optical cycles. The post-compressed beam exhibits excellent spatial quality and homogeneity. These results provide guidelines for optimizing the compressed pulse quality and further scaling of multipass-cell-based post-compression down to the single-cycle regime.
CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum-dot paper exhibiting a highest 3  dB bandwidth and realizing a flexible white-light system for visible-light communication
Authors: Singh Konthoujam James , Fan Xiaotong , Sadhu Annada Sankar , Lin Chun-Ho , Liou Fang-Jyun , Wu Tingzhu , Lu Yu-Jung , He Jr-Hau , Chen Zhong , Wu Tom , Kuo Hao-Chung 
Published: September 2021

We propose a flexible white-light system for high-speed visible-light communication (VLC) applications, which consists of a semipolar blue InGaN/GaN single-quantum-well micro-light-emitting diode (LED) on a flexible substrate pumping green

CsPbBr

3

perovskite quantum-dot (PQD) paper in nanostructure form and red CdSe QD paper. The highest bandwidth for

CsPbBr

3

PQD paper, 229 MHz, is achieved with a blue micro-LED pumping source and a high data transmission rate of 400 Mbps; this is very promising for VLC application. An 817 MHz maximum bandwidth and a 1.5 Gbps transmission speed are attained by the proposed semipolar blue micro-LEDs. The proposed flexible white light system and the high-bandwidth PQD paper could pave the way for VLC wearable devices.
Virtuelle IT-Studienprojekte – Ein Erfahrungsbericht und Handlungsempfehlungen für Betreuende
Authors: Hofer Julien , Knackstedt Ralf 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungDer vorliegende Beitrag berichtet über die Erfahrungen eines virtuellen Studienprojekts, welches an einer deutschen Universität durchgeführt wurde. Dabei wird ein allgemeiner Überblick über die Virtualisierung von Lernen und Lehren gegeben und ein Fokus auf die agile und virtuelle Herangehensweise gesetzt. Es wird auf wichtige Aspekte der Kollaboration in virtuellen Settings eingegangen, das Setting bei einem IT-Studienprojekt allgemein beschrieben und dann ausführlich über ein konkretes, virtuelle, agiles IT-Studienprojekt in einem IT-Studiengang berichtet. Dieses Projekt befasste sich mit der Konzeption und Gestaltung eines sprachbasierten Conversational User Interfaces im Kontext von Design Thinking. Aufgrund der COVID-19-Pandemie wurde das einjährige Projekt komplett virtuell durchgeführt. Dozierender und Studierende haben also vollkommen digital mit Werkzeugunterstützung gelehrt, gelernt und gearbeitet. Mit diesem Beitrag liefern wir Erfahrungen und Anhaltspunkte, die als Basis für die Gestaltung und Durchführung anderer virtueller und agiler IT-Studienprojekte verwendet werden können. Wir ergänzen den Erfahrungsbericht schließlich mit konkreten Handlungsempfehlungen zu verschiedenen Gestaltungs- und Durchführungsaspekten, die Interessierten – Lehrenden an Hochschulen sowie Praktizierende aus Wirtschaft und Verwaltung – als Hilfestellungen dienen können.
Death of an offspring and parental risk of ischemic heart diseases: A population-based cohort study
Authors: Wei Dang , Janszky Imre , Fang Fang , Chen Hua , Ljung Rickard , Sun Jiangwei , Li Jiong , László Krisztina D. 
Published: September 2021

Background
The death of a child is an extreme life event with potentially long-term health consequences. Knowledge about its association with ischemic heart diseases (IHDs) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI), however, is very limited. We investigated whether the death of an offspring is associated with the risk of IHD and AMI.

Methods and findings
We studied parents of live-born children recorded in the Danish (1973 to 2016) and the Swedish (1973 to 2014) Medical Birth Registers (n = 6,711,952; mean age at baseline 31 years, 53% women). We retrieved information on exposure, outcomes, and covariates by linking individual-level information from several nationwide registers. We analyzed the abovementioned associations using Poisson regression. A total of 126,522 (1.9%) parents lost at least 1 child during the study period. Bereaved parents had a higher risk of IHD and AMI than the nonbereaved [incidence rate ratios (IRRs) (95% confidence intervals (CIs)): 1.20 (1.18 to 1.23), P < 0.001 and 1.21 (1.17 to 1.25), P < 0.001, respectively]. The association was present not only in case of losses due to CVD or other natural causes, but also in case of unnatural deaths. The AMI risk was highest in the first week after the loss [IRR (95% CI): 3.67 (2.08 to 6.46), P < 0.001], but a 20% to 40% increased risk was observed throughout the whole follow-up period. Study limitations include the possibility of residual confounding by socioeconomic, lifestyle, or health-related factors and the potentially limited generalizability of our findings outside Scandinavia.

Conclusions
The death of an offspring was associated with an increased risk of IHD and AMI. The finding that the association was present also in case of losses due to unnatural causes, which are less likely to be confounded by cardiovascular risk factors clustering in families, suggests that stress-related mechanisms may also contribute to the observed associations.
Do endocrine adverse events predict longer progression-free survival among patients with non-small-cell lung cancer receiving nivolumab?
Authors: Chmielewska Izabela , Dudzińska Marta , Szczyrek Michał , Świrska Joanna , Wojas-Krawczyk Kamila , Zwolak Agnieszka 
Published: September 2021

The aim of the study was to assess the occurrence and nature of immune-related endocrine adverse events (irAEs) among patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with nivolumab.
Methods: The study group included 35 patients (15 women, 20 men, 65.8 ± 7.1 years) with NSCLC in stage IIIB (n = 16, 45.7%) and IV (n = 19,54.3%) who were treated with nivolumab.
Results: Of the studied patients, 34.3% (n = 12) developed endocrine irAEs (irAE group): 22.9% (n = 8) hyperthyroidism and 8.6% (n = 3) hypothyroidism, and in one case, hypophysitis was observed. The median irAEs onset time was 2 months. In the group of patients with thyroid disorders, permanent hypothyroidism eventually developed in 58.3%. The severity of the analyzed irAEs ranged from mild to moderate (Grade 1–2); the case of hypophysitis was estimated as Grade 3. The comparison of progression-free survival time (PFS) between the two groups showed longer PFS in patients in the irAE group (p = 0.021). Patients with irAE were treated significantly longer with nivolumab and they received more doses of nivolumab, however in Cox analysis we did not find patients with irAE to experience progression later than patients without them.
Conclusions: Nivolumab therapy is associated with an increased risk of endocrine adverse effects, particularly thyroid dysfunction. Endocrine adverse effects can be successfully treated pharmacologically and usually do not require discontinuation of immunotherapy. The relationship between a better cancer prognosis in patients who developed endocrine irAE has not been found.
Detecting retinal neurodegeneration in people with diabetes: Findings from the UK Biobank
Authors: Channa Roomasa , Lee Kyungmoo , Staggers Kristen A. , Mehta Nitish , Zafar Sidra , Gao Jie , Frankfort Benjamin J. , Chua Sharon Y. L. , Khawaja Anthony P. , Foster Paul J. , Patel Praveen J. , Minard Charles G. , Amos Chris , Abramoff Michael D. 
Published: September 2021

Importance
Efforts are underway to incorporate retinal neurodegeneration in the diabetic retinopathy severity scale. However, there is no established measure to quantify diabetic retinal neurodegeneration (DRN).

Objective
We compared total retinal, macular retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL) and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) thickness among participants with and without diabetes (DM) in a population-based cohort.

Design/setting/participants
Cross-sectional analysis, using the UK Biobank data resource. Separate general linear mixed models (GLMM) were created using DM and glycated hemoglobin as predictor variables for retinal thickness. Sub-analyses included comparing thickness measurements for patients with no/mild diabetic retinopathy (DR) and evaluating factors associated with retinal thickness in participants with and without diabetes. Factors found to be significantly associated with DM or thickness were included in a multiple GLMM.

Exposure
Diagnosis of DM was determined via self-report of diagnosis, medication use, DM-related complications or glycated hemoglobin level of ≥ 6.5%.

Main outcomes and measures
Total retinal, mRNFL and GC-IPL thickness.

Results
74,422 participants (69,985 with no DM; 4,437 with DM) were included. Median age was 59 years, 46% were men and 92% were white. Participants with DM had lower total retinal thickness (-4.57 μm, 95% CI: -5.00, -4.14; p<0.001), GC-IPL thickness (-1.73 μm, 95% CI: -1.86, -1.59; p<0.001) and mRNFL thickness (-0.68 μm, 95% CI: -0.81, -0.54; p<0.001) compared to those without DM. After adjusting for co-variates, in the GLMM, total retinal thickness was 1.99 um lower (95% CI: -2.47, -1.50; p<0.001) and GC-IPL was 1.02 μm lower (95% CI: -1.18, -0.87; p<0.001) among those with DM compared to without. mRNFL was no longer significantly different (p = 0.369). GC-IPL remained significantly lower, after adjusting for co-variates, among those with DM compared to those without DM when including only participants with no/mild DR (-0.80 μm, 95% CI: -0.98, -0.62; p<0.001). Total retinal thickness decreased 0.40 μm (95% CI: -0.61, -0.20; p<0.001), mRNFL thickness increased 0.20 μm (95% CI: 0.14, 0.27; p<0.001) and GC-IPL decreased 0.26 μm (95% CI: -0.33, -0.20; p<0.001) per unit increase in A1c after adjusting for co-variates. Among participants with diabetes, age, DR grade, ethnicity, body mass index, glaucoma, spherical equivalent, and visual acuity were significantly associated with GC-IPL thickness.

Conclusion
GC-IPL was thinner among participants with DM, compared to without DM. This difference persisted after adjusting for confounding variables and when considering only those with no/mild DR. This confirms that GC-IPL thinning occurs early in DM and can serve as a useful marker of DRN.