bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intracellular Vesicle Entrapment of Nanobubble Ultrasound Contrast Agents Targeted to PSMA Promotes Prolonged Enhancement and StabilityIn VivoandIn Vitro
Authors: Perera Reshani H. , Abenojar Eric , Nittayacharn Pinunta , Wang Xinning , Ramamurthy Gopal , Peiris Pubudu , Bederman Ilya , Basilion James P. , Exner Agata A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPrevious work has shown that active targeting of nanobubble (NB) ultrasound contrast agents to the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) significantly prolongs ultrasound signal enhancement in PSMA-expressing prostate cancer. However, the specific mechanism behind this effect is not well understood. Furthermore, prior studies were carried out using clinical ultrasound scanners in a single imaging plane. Because tumor heterogeneity can have a drastic effect on bubble kinetics and resulting contrast enhancement, a single region of interest in one imaging plane over time may not fully represent the contrast dynamics of the entire tumor. Accordingly, in the current work, we used high-frequency dynamic parametric contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCE-US) imaging to gain a detailed understanding of NB kinetics in prostate tumors in mice. Specifically, we examined the differences in enhancement between the tumor periphery and tumor core in the same imaging plane. We also quantified intact nanobubble retention in the entire tumor volume. To better understand the mechanism behind prolonged tumor enhancement, intracellular retention and the acoustic activity of PSMA-NB were evaluated in cell culture. DCE-US US data suggest that both tumor wash-in and retention of PSMA-NB are delayed due to biomarker interaction and binding. The longer retention of PSMA-NB signal in tumor core supported target-driven bubble extravasation.In vitrostudies demonstrated a higher level of internalization and prolonged-acoustic activity of internalized PSMA-NB. GC/MS analysis confirmed gas persistence in the cells after PSMA-NB internalization. The active-targeting of NB results in cellular internalization via receptor-mediated endocytosis, and the location with intracellular vesicles (late-stage endosomes/lysosomes) significantly prolongs gas retention within the cells. These features can enable background-free diagnostic imaging of the target cells/tissues, as well as highly focused ultrasound-modulated therapeutic interventions.
Polymorphisms and gene expression in the almond IGT family are not correlated to variability in growth habit in major commercial almond cultivars
Authors: Montesinos Álvaro , Dardick Chris , Rubio-Cabetas María José , Grimplet Jérôme 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAlmond breeding programs aimed at selecting cultivars adapted to intensive orchards have recently focused on the optimization of tree architecture. This multifactorial trait is defined by numerous components controlled by processes such as hormonal responses, gravitropism and light perception. Gravitropism sensing is crucial to control the branch angle and therefore, the tree habit. A gene family, denominated IGT family after a share conserved domain, has been described as involved in the regulation of branch angle in several species, including rice and Arabidopsis, and even in fruit trees like peach. Here we identified six members of this family in almond: LAZY1, LAZY2, TAC1, DRO1, DRO2, IGT-like. After analyzing their protein sequences in forty-one almond cultivars and wild species, little variability was found, pointing a high degree of conservation in this family. Gene expression was analyzed in fourteen cultivars of agronomical interest comprising diverse tree habit phenotypes. Only LAZY1, LAZY2 and TAC1 were expressed in almond shoot tips during the growing season. No relation was established between the expression profile of these genes and the tree habit. However, some insight has been gained in how LAZY1 and LAZY2 are regulated, identifying the IPA1 almond homologues and other transcription factors involved in hormonal responses as regulators of their expression. Besides, we have found various polymorphisms that could not be discarded as involved in a potential polygenic origin of regulation of architectural phenotypes. Therefore, we have established that unlike many species, IGT family genes do not play a critical role in the control of tree habit in currently commercialized almond cultivars, with other gene families contributing to the variability of these traits.
The Drosophila orthologue of the primary ciliary dyskinesia-associated gene, DNAAF3, is required for axonemal dynein assembly
Authors: zur Lage Petra , Xi Zhiyan , Lennon Jennifer , Hunter Iain , Chan Wai Kit , Carrancio Alfonso Bolado , von Kriegsheim Alex , Jarman Andrew P. 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTCiliary motility is powered by a suite of highly conserved axoneme-specific dynein motor complexes. In humans the impairment of these motors through mutation results in the disease, Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD). Studies in Drosophila have helped to validate several PCD genes whose products are required for cytoplasmic pre-assembly of axonemal dynein motors. Here we report the characterisation of the Drosophila homologue of the less known assembly factor, DNAAF3. This gene, CG17669 (Dnaaf3), is expressed exclusively in developing mechanosensory chordotonal (Ch) neurons and spermatocytes, the only two Drosophila cell types bearing motile cilia/flagella. Mutation of Dnaaf3 results in larvae that are deaf and adults that are uncoordinated, indicating defective Ch neuron function. The mutant Ch neuron cilia of the antenna specifically lack dynein arms, while Ca imaging in larvae reveals a complete loss of Ch neuron response to vibration stimulus, confirming that mechanotransduction relies on ciliary dynein motors. Mutant males are infertile with immotile sperm whose flagella lack dynein arms and show axoneme disruption. Analysis of proteomic changes suggest a reduction in heavy chains of all axonemal dynein forms, consistent with an impairment of dynein pre-assembly.SUMMARY STATEMENTDNAAF3 function as a dynein assembly factor for motile cilia is conserved in Drosophila.
Pseudohypoxic HIF pathway activation dysregulates collagen structure-function in human lung fibrosis
Authors: Brereton Christopher , Yao Liudi , Zhou Yilu , Vukmirovic Milica , Bell Joseph , Ridley Robert A. , Davies Elizabeth R. , Dean Lareb S.N. , Andriotis Orestis G. , Conforti Franco , Mohammed Soran , Wallis Tim , Tavassoli Ali , Ewing R. , Alzetani Aiman , Marshall Ben G. , Fletcher Sophie V. , Thurner Phillipp J. , Fabre Aurelie , Kaminski Naftali , Richeldi Luca , Bhaskar Atul , Loxham Matthew , Davies Donna E. , Wang Yihua , Jones Mark G. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractExtracellular matrix (ECM) stiffening with downstream activation of mechanosensitive pathways is strongly implicated in fibrosis. We previously reported that altered collagen nanoarchitecture is a key determinant of pathogenetic ECM structure-function in human fibrosis (Jones et al., 2018). Here, through human tissue, bioinformatic and ex vivo studies we show that hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway activation is a critical pathway for this process regardless of oxygen status (pseudohypoxia). Whilst TGFβ increased rate of fibrillar collagen synthesis, HIF pathway activation was required to dysregulate post-translational modification of fibrillar collagen, promoting ‘bone-type’ cross-linking, altering collagen nanostructure, and increasing tissue stiffness. In vitro, knock down of Factor Inhibiting HIF (FIH) or oxidative stress caused pseudohypoxic HIF activation in normal fibroblasts. In contrast, endogenous FIH activity was reduced in fibroblasts from patients with lung fibrosis in association with significantly increased normoxic HIF pathway activation. In human lung fibrosis tissue, HIF mediated signalling was increased at sites of active fibrogenesis whilst subpopulations of IPF lung mesenchymal cells had increases in both HIF and oxidative stress scores. Our data demonstrate that oxidative stress can drive pseudohypoxic HIF pathway activation which is a critical regulator of pathogenetic collagen structure-function in fibrosis.
ZFP36L1 regulates Fgf21 mRNA turnover and modulates alcoholic hepatic steatosis and inflammation in mice
Authors: Bathula Chandra S. , Chen Jian , Blackshear Perry J. , Saini Yogesh , Patial Sonika 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTZinc finger protein 36 like 1 (ZFP36L1) enhances the turnover of mRNAs containing AU-rich elements (AREs) in their 3’untranslated regions (3’UTR). The physiological and pathological functions of ZFP36L1 in liver, however, remain largely unknown. To investigate the role of ZFP36L1 in liver physiology and pathology, we generated liver-specific ZFP36L1-deficient (Zfp36l1flox/flox /Cre+; L1LKO) mice. Under normal conditions, the L1LKO mice and their littermate controls (Zfp36l1flox/flox/Cre-; L1FLX) appeared normal. When fed a Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet containing alcohol, L1LKO mice were significantly protected from developing alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis and inflammation compared to L1FLX mice. Serum ALT levels were significantly increased in alcohol-fed L1FLX versus alcohol-fed L1LKO mice. RNA-Seq analysis revealed 584 differentially-expressed transcripts in L1FLX alcohol-fed mice, many of which were inflammatory mediators, compared to only 159 in alcohol-fed L1LKO mice. Most importantly, fibroblast growth factor 21 (Fgf21) mRNA was significantly increased in the livers of alcohol-fed L1LKO mice but not in the alcohol-fed control group. The Fgf21 mRNA contains three AREs in its 3’UTR, and Fgf21 3’UTR was directly regulated by ZFP36L1 in luciferase reporter assays. Steady state levels of Fgf21 mRNA were significantly decreased by wildtype ZFP36L1, but not by a non-binding zinc-finger ZFP36L1 mutant. Finally, wildtype ZFP36L1, but not the ZFP36L1 mutant, bound to Fgf21 3’UTR ARE RNA probe. Our results demonstrate that ZFP36L1 inactivation protects against alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis and liver injury, possibly by stabilizing Fgf21 mRNA. Our findings suggest that the modulation of ZFP36L1 may be beneficial in the prevention or treatment of human alcoholic liver disease.
Atmospheric plasma jet device for versatile electron microscope grid treatment
Authors: Ahn Eungjin , Tang Tianyu , Kim Byungchul , Lee Hae June , Cho Uhn-Soo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAtmospheric pressure plasmas have been widely applied in surface modification and biomedical treatment due to its ability to generate highly reactive radicals and charged particles. In negative-stain electron microscopy (Neg-EM) and cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM), plasmas have been used in eliminating the surface contaminants as well as generating the hydrophilic surface to embed the specimen on grids. Plasma treatment is a prerequisite for negative stain and quantifoil grids, which are coated with hydrophobic carbon on the grid surface. Here we introduce a non-thermal atmospheric plasma jet system as an alternative new tool for surface treatment. Unlike the conventional glow discharger, we found that the plasma jet system successfully cleans the grid surface and introduces hydrophilicity on grids in the ambient environment without introducing a vacuum. Therefore, we anticipate the plasma jet system will be beneficial in many aspects, such as cost-effective, convenient, versatile, and potential applications in surface modification for both negative stain and cryo-EM grid treatment.
Neural correlates of semantic number: A cross-linguistic investigation
Authors: Dunagan Donald , Zhang Shulin , Li Jixing , Bhattasali Shohini , Pallier Christophe , Whitman John , Yang Yiming , Hale John 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOne aspect of natural language comprehension is understanding how many of what or whom a speaker is referring to. While previous work has documented the neural correlates of general number comprehension and quantity comparison, we investigate semantic number from a cross-linguistic perspective with the goal of identifying cortical regions involved in distinguishing plural from singular nouns. We use three fMRI datasets in which Chinese, French, and English native speakers listen to an audiobook of a children’s story in their native language. We select these three languages because they differ in their number semantics. While Chinese lacks nominal pluralization, French and English nouns are overtly marked for number. We find a number of known semantic processing regions in common, including dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and the pars orbitalis, in which cortical activation is greater for plural than singular nouns and posit a cross-linguistic role for number in semantic comprehension.
Genetic analysis argues for a coactivator function for theSaccharomyces cerevisiaeTup1 corepressor
Authors: Parnell Emily J. , Parnell Timothy J. , Stillman David J. 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTThe Tup1-Cyc8 corepressor complex ofSaccharomyces cerevisiaeis recruited to promoters by DNA-binding proteins to repress transcription of genes, including thea-specific mating type genes. We report here atup1(S649F)mutant that displays mating irregularities similar to atup1null and an α-predominant growth defect. RNA-Seq and ChIP-Seq were used to analyze gene expression and Tup1 occupancy changes in mutant vs. wild-type in bothaand α cells. Increased Tup1(S649F) occupancy tended to occur upstream of upregulated genes, whereas locations with decreased occupancy usually did not show changes in gene expression, suggesting this mutant not only loses corepressor function but also behaves as a coactivator. Based upon studies demonstrating a dual role of Tup1 in both repression and activation, we postulate that the coactivator function of Tup1(S649F) results from diminished interaction with repressor proteins, including α2. We also found that large changes in mating type-specific gene expression betweenaand α or between mutant and wild-type were not easily explained by the range of Tup1 occupancy levels within their promoters, as predicted by the classic model ofa-specific gene repression by Tup1. Most surprisingly, we observed Tup1 occupancy upstream of thea-specific geneMFA2and the α-specific geneMF(ALPHA)1in cells in which each gene was expressed rather than repressed. These results, combined with identification of additional mating related genes upregulated in thetup1(S649F)α strain, illustrate that the role of Tup1 in distinguishing mating types in yeast appears to be both more comprehensive and more nuanced than previously appreciated.
Multiscale light-sheet organoid imaging framework
Authors: de Medeiros Gustavo , Ortiz Raphael , Strnad Petr , Boni Andrea , Moos Franziska , Repina Nicole , Chalet Meylan Ludivine , Maurer Francisca , Liberali Prisca 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOrganoids provide an accessible in-vitro system to mimic the dynamics of tissue regeneration and development. However, long-term live-imaging of organoids remains challenging. Here we present an experimental and image-processing framework capable of turning long-term light-sheet imaging of intestinal organoids into digital organoids. The framework combines specific imaging optimization combined with data processing via deep learning techniques to segment single organoids, their lumen, cells and nuclei in 3D over long periods of time. By linking lineage trees with corresponding 3D segmentation meshes for each organoid, the extracted information is visualized using a web-based “Digital Organoid Viewer” tool allowing unique understanding of the multivariate and multiscale data. We also show backtracking of cells of interest, providing detailed information about their history within entire organoid contexts. Furthermore, we show cytokinesis failure of regenerative cells and that these cells never reside in the intestinal crypt, hinting at a tissue scale control on cellular fidelity.
A ten-year literature review of content-based image retrieval (CBIR) studies in the tourism industry
Authors: Ammatmanee Chanattra , Gan Lu 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
Due to the worldwide growth of digital image sharing and the maturity of the tourism industry, the vast and growing collections of digital images have become a challenge for those who use and/or manage these image data across tourism settings. To overcome the image indexing task with less labour cost and improve the image retrieval task with less human errors, the content-based image retrieval (CBIR) technique has been investigated for the tourism domain particularly. This paper aims to review the relevant literature in the field to understand these previous works and identify research gaps for future directions.

Design/methodology/approach
A systematic and comprehensive review of CBIR studies in tourism from the year 2010 to 2019, focussing on journal articles and conference proceedings in reputable online databases, is conducted by taking a comparative approach to critically analyse and address the trends of each fundamental element in these research experiments.

Findings
Based on the review of the literature, the trends of CBIR studies in tourism is to improve image representation and retrieval by advancing existing feature extraction techniques, contributing novel techniques in the feature extraction process through fine-tuning fusion features and improving image query of CBIR systems. Co-authorship, tourist attraction sector and fusion image features have been in focus. Nonetheless, the number of studies in other tourism sectors and available image databases could be further explored.

Originality/value
The fact that no existing academic review of CBIR studies in tourism makes this paper a novel contribution.
Knowledge and practice regarding menstrual hygiene management among the Rohingya refugee adolescent girls in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh: a mixed method study
Authors: Rakhshanda Shagoofa , Ahmed Sahlil , Saidu Samuel , Nderitu Christine , Thapa Basanta , Awal Abdul , Farnaz Nadia , Rahman Atiya , Aktar Bachera , Faruque A.S.G. 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
About half of the 16% adolescents in the world experience menstruation. Menstrual hygiene management (MHM) is a health concern and challenge especially in humanitarian situations as experienced by Myanmar Rohingya refugees living in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. This study aims to assess knowledge, practice and influencing factors for MHM among Rohingya refugee adolescent girls of 14–18 years.

Design/methodology/approach
The study used both quantitative (a cross-sectional survey with 340 adolescent girls through a structured questionnaire) and qualitative (7 in-depth interviews with adolescent girls and 2 focus group discussions with the mothers) approaches. Quantitative data, analyzed using STATA version 13.0, were supported by qualitative data, grouped into themes and presented as matrix.

Findings
Around 51% adolescent girls learned about menstruation after menarche, at the mean age of 12 years, from their mothers and older sisters. About 75% used sanitary pads as absorbents which they got mostly as relief material or bought from local stores (83%); the rest used cloths and other materials (25%). About 57% of the respondents disposed of their absorbent by burying. Those who used reusable absorbents washed them with soap and water (40%) and mostly dried them indoors (17%). Factors influencing healthy MHM practice included the use of absorbent, privacy, disposal, washing and drying of clothes, physical activities, hygiene and pain management. Adolescents with secondary or higher education were four times more likely to have better MHM practice (odds ratio = 4.27; confidence interval = 1.19–15.31) than those with no formal schooling.

Originality/value
This paper is based on a research undertaken as part of academic requirement.
Microstructure evolution and shear strength of full Cu3Sn- microporous copper composite joint by thermo-compression bonding
Authors: Sun F , Pan Zhen , Liu Yang , Li Xiang , Liu Haoyu , Li Wenpeng 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to quickly manufacture full Cu3Sn-microporous copper composite joints for high-temperature power electronics applications and study the microstructure evolution and the shear strength of Cu3Sn at different bonding times.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, a novel structure of Cu/composite solder sheet/Cu was designed. The composite solder sheet was made of microporous copper filled with Sn. The composite joint was bonded by thermo-compression bonding under pressure of 0.6 MPa at 300°C. The microstructure evolution and the growth behavior of Cu3Sn at different bonding times were observed by electron microscope and metallographic microscope. The shear strength of the joint was measured by shear machine.

Findings
At initial bonding stage the copper atoms in the substrate and the copper atoms in the microporous copper dissolved into the liquid Sn. Then the scallop-liked Cu6Sn5 phases formed at the interface of liquid Sn/microporous copper and liquid Sn/Cu substrates. During the liquid Sn changing to Cu6Sn5 phases, Cu3Sn phases formed and grew at the interface of Cu6Sn5/Cu substrates and Cu6Sn5/microporous copper. After that the Cu3Sn phases continued to grow and the Cu3Sn-microporous copper composite joint with a thickness of 100 µm was successfully obtained. The growth rule of Cu3Sn was parabolic growth. The shear strength of the composite joints was about 155 MPa.

Originality/value
This paper presents a novel full Cu3Sn-microporous copper composite joint with high shear strength for high-temperature applications based on transient liquid phase bonding. The microstructure evolution and the growth behavior of Cu3Sn in the composite joints were studied. The shear strength and the fracture mechanism of the composite joints were studied.
The role of quality perceptions and perceived ubiquity in adoption intention of mobile knowledge management systems (MKMS) in semiconductor industry
Authors: Cheak Audrey Poh Choo , Chong Chin Wei , Yuen Yee Yen 
Published: May 2021

PurposeFirst, this study aims to investigate the effects of quality perceptions (i.e. system quality, information quality and service quality) and perceived ubiquity on engineers’ perceived benefits and perceived user-friendly of mobile knowledge management systems (MKMS). Second, it aims to examine the influence of perceived benefits and perceived user-friendly on MKMS adoption intention.Design/methodology/approachQuantitative empirical research using an integrated technology acceptance model and information systems success model was used, among semiconductors engineers in Malaysia. There were only 375 usable responses collected, which are at a response rate of 59.52%. The partial least squares version 3.0 was used to analyze the valid data collected.FindingsThe results suggest that service quality plays an important role that would increase the engineers’ perception of MKMS benefits and its user-friendliness. Intention to adopt MKMS was found to be strongly predicted by perceived MKMS benefits as compared to perceived user-friendly.Practical implicationsThe findings are valuable for managers, engineers, knowledge management (KM) practitioners, MKMS developers and mobile device producers to enhance MKMS adoption intention.Originality/valueDespite KM has been well accepted and established in the management science and practice area of study, yet it is still neglected in a “mobile” context. Accordingly, this paper contributes to the research gap.