bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Placental volume in gestational week 27 measured by three‐dimensional ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Sagberg Karianne , Eskild Anne , Sommerfelt Silje , Gjesdal Kjell I. , Higgins Lucy E. , Borthne Arne , Hillestad Vigdis 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionUltrasound is the diagnostic tool of choice in pregnancy. We lack valid ultrasound methods for placental size measurements. Our aim was therefore to compare three‐dimensional (3D) ultrasound with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for measurements of placental volume.Material and methodsWe measured placental volume by 3D ultrasound and MRI in 100 unselected pregnancies at 27 weeks of gestation (25+4–28+4 weeks). The 3D ultrasound acquisitions were analyzed offline, and the placental outline was manually traced using the virtual organ computer‐aided analysis (VOCAL) 30° rotational technique. The MRI examinations included a T2‐weighted gradient echo sequence in the sagittal plane, with 5‐mm slices through the entire uterus. The placental outline was manually traced in each slice. The correlation between 3D ultrasound and MRI placental volumes was estimated by intraclass correlation coefficients. Bland‐Altman analysis was applied to visualize systematic bias and limits of agreement, in which the ratio MRI placental volume/3D ultrasound placental volume was plotted against the average of the two methods.ResultsThe intraclass correlation coefficient between 3D ultrasound and MRI measurements was 0.49 (95% confidence interval 0.33‐0.63). In general, 3D ultrasound measured smaller placental volumes (median 373 cm3, interquartile range 309‐434 cm3) than MRI (median 507 cm3, interquartile range 429‐595 cm3) and the systematic bias was 1.44. The 95% limits of agreement between the two methods were wide (0.68‐2.21).ConclusionsWe found poor to moderate correlation between 3D ultrasound and MRI placental volume measurements. Generally, 3D ultrasound measured smaller placental volumes than MRI, suggesting that 3D ultrasound failed to visualize the entire placenta. Our findings may hopefully contribute to the improvement of ultrasound methods for placental measurements.
The influence of the choroid on the onset and development of myopia: from perspectives of choroidal thickness and blood flow
Authors: Liu Yilin , Wang Lijun , Xu Yanyun , Pang Zuoxiang , Mu Guoying 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMyopia is the most common type of refractive errors characterized by excessive elongation of the ocular globe. With the increasing prevalence of myopia, improved knowledge of factors involved in myopia development is of particular importance. There are growing evidence suggesting that the choroid plays an important role in the regulation of eye growth and the development of myopia. Studies have demonstrated that thinning choroid is a structural feature of myopia, with a negative correlation between choroidal thickness and axial length, suggesting that the change in choroidal thickness may be a predictive biomarker for long‐term changes in ocular elongation. Given the fact that the choroid is primarily a vascular structure capable of rapidly changing blood flow, variations of choroidal thickness might be primarily caused by changes in choroidal blood flow. Considering that hypoxia is associated with myopia and choroidal blood flow is the main source of oxygen and nourishment supply, apart from the effect on myopia possibly by changing choroidal thickness, decreasing choroidal blood flow may contribute to scleral ischaemia and hypoxia, resulting in alterations in the scleral structure and thus leading to myopia. This review aims to provide an overview of recent work exploring the influence of the choroid on myopia from perspectives of choroidal thickness and blood flow, which may present new predictive indicators for the onset of myopia and new targets for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for myopia.
‘Now she prefers jeans, like everyone else…’ – Parents' experiences of group‐ and web‐based treatment of children's obesity
Authors: Thorén Annelie , Janson Annika , Persson Margareta 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimWeb‐based interventions have shown promising results in paediatric obesity treatment with the potential to increase coverage of care. This study aimed to explore parental experiences about participating in an intervention to improve healthy behaviours and lower BMI‐SDS in children with obesity.MethodsThis was an interview study with an inductive qualitative approach. Data were collected from individual interviews with 14 parents of 5‐ to 13‐year‐old children with obesity. The respondents had participated in a family‐based treatment intervention consisting of four group sessions followed by 12‐week web‐based support. The interviews were analysed using qualitative manifest and latent content.ResultsThe overarching theme ‘A transformative journey of lifestyle changes for the whole family’ described how the participation impacted the lifestyle of the whole family. Four categories: parental awareness, introducing new routines, negotiating family battles and a feeling of support, represented various experiences made by respondents. The parents shared predominantly positive experiences of the intervention but also expressed feelings of guilt and struggled to address their child's obesity.ConclusionParents who participated in a study for children with obesity with a web‐based component found the programme helpful for achieving healthier lifestyles for the whole family.
Quotidian institutions and identity formation: Explaining patterns of identity salience in Maluku, Indonesia
Authors: Soedirgo Jessica 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAlthough Maluku's Ambonese people have been included and excluded on the basis of religion and ethnicity by the Indonesian state, it is religious identity that is politically salient. Despite the best efforts of Maluku's elites to cultivate ethnic solidarities, Ambonese identity not become politically relevant. Why is this the case? I argue that Ambonese ethnic identity did not become politically salient because the quotidian institutions and practices that mediate the lived experience of ordinary Ambonese reinforced attachments to religious communities, rather than ethnic ones. For this reason, Ambonese have weak attachments to ethnic categories. This article therefore highlights that 1) looking at the state yields only a partial account of identity formation, and 2) focusing on the quotidian processes of identity formation helps explain both the depths of emotional attachment to particular identities and the precise mechanisms enabling the continuity of these identities.
Liver description in three neotropical anuran species: from anatomy to ultrastructure
Authors: Fanali Lara Zácari , Freitas Juliane Silberschmidt , Franco‐Belussi Lilian , Taboga Sebastião Roberto , de Oliveira Classius 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe liver is a well‐defined organ regarding its functions; however, it may present morphological variations among species. Since anurans may be exposed to toxic substances in their environment, which can disrupt liver's morphology and function, descriptive studies of organs are important to be carried out under natural condition. Thus, this study aimed to describe morphological aspects of liver in three Neotropical anuran species commonly used as experimental models: Physalaemus cuvieri (Leptodactylidae), Leptodactylus fuscus (Leptodactylidae) and Rhinella diptycha (Bufonidae). Anatomical, histological and ultrastructural analyses of six male samples of each species were carried out. A restricted analysis of the three species showed that livers' anatomy and ultrastructure are quite similar—they present three lobes, rounded nucleus polyhedral hepatocytes and some glycogen contents; however, histologically, there was a difference in the structural arrangements. In R. diptycha the parenchyma was arranged in a single cord, whereas in P. cuvieri and L. fuscus, there were double ones. This parenchyma structuring is highly variable considering Amphibia class. Knowledge about hepatic morphology and ultrastructure in amphibians is a key measure to detect changes in experimental studies and to infer about possible physiological and / or metabolic changes, when these animals are exposed to adverse conditions.
Women’s satisfaction with childbirth in a public hospital in Brazil
Authors: Lopes Fernanda , Nakamura Mary Uchiyama , Nomura Roseli Mieko Yamamoto 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to evaluate women's satisfaction with vaginal birth in a public hospital in São Paulo, Brazil.MethodsA total of 372 low‐risk postpartum women were interviewed. Maternal satisfaction was measured by the Mackey Childbirth Satisfaction Rating Scale (MCSRS), validated to Brazilian Portuguese. The scale is divided into six subscales: self‐evaluation, partner, baby, nursing, physicians, and overall satisfaction. Childbirth care data were related to maternal mobility, shower bath, birth ball exercises, manual massage, and the health care providers assisting delivery.ResultsThe MCSRS total score was significantly higher in women living with their partners than those not living with a partner (median 145.5 vs 133.0; P = 0.019), in women with a companion during childbirth than those with no labor support (146.0 vs 136.5; P = 0.047), and in women who early breastfed within the first hour compared with those who did not (146.0 vs 137.0; P = 0.001). Multiple regression identified ‘living with partner’ (coefficient 6.205; P = 0.043) and ‘breastfeeding within the first hour’ (coefficient 7.856; P = 0.005) as independent variables that determine the total score of MCSRS.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that living with one's partner and early initiation of breastfeeding are key factors enhancing satisfaction with vaginal birth in women who received care at a public Brazilian hospital.
Assessing the influence of warnings with testimonies from former smokers on smoking and quitting behaviour
Authors: Van Dessel Pieter , Tibboel Helen 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectivesCigarette pack warnings are widely used internationally for reducing smoking behaviour. Current warnings typically consist of a textual or graphic warning that smoking can lead to negative (health) outcomes. Though these warnings have proven benefits, they also have important limitations. Most notably, they do not produce beneficial changes in important cognitive determinants of smoking cessation such as self‐efficacy to refrain from smoking and they do not reduce smoking for specific subsets of the target population. Recent studies provide evidence for the effectiveness of health warnings that include health‐related testimonies from former smokers.MethodsWe designed cigarette pack warnings that consist of more general testimonial statements from former smokers, selected in a pilot study for their potential impact on two important cognitive determinants of smoking (i.e., self‐efficacy beliefs and outcome expectancies). In the main study, online participants were either exposed to the new testimonial warnings, to graphic health warnings, or to text‐only health warnings on four separate occasions during a 24‐h window.ResultsIn a sample of 416 daily smokers, we observed beneficial changes in self‐reported cigarette smoking, craving, quit intentions, evaluations of smoking, self‐efficacy, and outcome expectancies, immediately after viewing the warnings a first time and after multiple exposures. These effects were comparable for participants in the three warning type groups, with some (small) differences for changes in outcome expectancies and craving.ConclusionsWarnings with general testimonies from former smokers might provide a useful evidence‐based addition to currently used cigarette pack health warnings.
Adapting photovoice to explore identity expression amongst people with intellectual disabilities who have limited or no verbal communication
Authors: Krisson Emma , Qureshi Maria , Head Annabel 
Published: February 2021

Accessible Summary

People with intellectual disabilities who have limited, or no verbal communication can be involved in research.

Ethnographic observations and interview techniques can work together with photovoice.

More research needs to be completed directly involving people with intellectual disabilities.

AbstractBackgroundInclusive research requires adapting methodologies to meet the needs of people with all degrees of intellectual disabilities. However, it must also balance this with the requirements of academic research. Building from previous research a study was completed to illustrate how photovoice could not only be adapted to meet the needs of people with intellectual disabilities who have limited or no verbal communication but to also explore how they express their identity.MethodsA qualitative multiple case study method was used to explore identity expression amongst three participants with intellectual disabilities and limited or no verbal communication. The methodology integrated ethnographic observations, photovoice and interview techniques.FindingsIntegrating the ethnographic observations, photovoice and interview techniques offered families and carers the opportunity to become curious about participants' identities, and this methodology was considered valuable in getting to know more about the person.ConclusionsIt is hoped that through conducting research that directly involves people with intellectual disabilities, more creative and inclusive methods can be explored, verified and applied across various research contexts.
The NANOTUMOR consortium – Towards the Tumor Cell Atlas
Authors: Colin Florent , Schauer Kristine , Hamiche Ali , Martineau Pierre , Borg Jean‐Paul , Bednar Jan , Bertolin Giulia , Camoin Luc , Collette Yves , Dimitrov Stephan , Fournier Isabelle , Hyenne Vincent , Mendoza‐Parra Marco A. , Morelli Xavier , Rondé Philippe , Sumara Izabela , Tramier Marc , Schultz Patrick , Goetz Jacky G. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCancer is a multi‐step disease where an initial tumour progresses through critical steps shaping, in most cases, life‐threatening secondary foci called metastases. The oncogenic cascade involves genetic, epigenetic, signalling pathways, intracellular trafficking and/or metabolic alterations within cancer cells. In addition, pre‐malignant and malignant cells orchestrate complex and dynamic interactions with non‐malignant cells and acellular matricial components or secreted factors within the tumour microenvironment that is instrumental in the progression of the disease. As our aptitude to effectively treat cancer mostly depends on our ability to decipher, properly diagnose and impede cancer progression and metastasis formation, full characterisation of molecular complexes and cellular processes at play along the metastasis cascade is crucial. For many years, the scientific community lacked adapted imaging and molecular technologies to accurately dissect, at the highest resolution possible, tumour and stromal cells behaviour within their natural microenvironment. In that context, the NANOTUMOR consortium is a French national multi‐disciplinary workforce which aims at a providing a multi‐scale characterisation of the oncogenic cascade, from the atomic level to the dynamic organisation of the cell in response to genetic mutations, environmental changes or epigenetic modifications. Ultimately, this program aims at identifying new therapeutic targets using innovative drug design.
MOF upregulates the estrogen receptor α signaling pathway by its acetylase activity in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wei Shan , Liu Wei , Sun Ning , Wu Yi , Song Huijuan , Wang Chunyu , Wang Shengli , Zou Renlong , Lin Lin , Zeng Kai , Zhou Baosheng , Wang Manlin , Luan Ruina , Yang Fan , Zhao Yue 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe histone acetyltransferase MOF (KAT8) is mainly involved in the acetylation of histone H4 at lysine 16 (H4K16) and some non‐histone proteins. The MOF expression level is significantly reduced in many cancers, however the biological function of MOF and its underlying mechanism are still elusive in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Estrogen receptor α (ERα) has been considered as a tumor suppressor in HCC. Here, we demonstrated that MOF expression is significantly reduced in HCC samples, and is positively correlated with that of ERα. MOF interacts with ERα, and participates in acetylation of ERα at K266, K268, K299, thereby inhibiting ERα ubiquitination to maintain the stability of ERα. In addition, MOF participates in the upregulation of ERα‐mediated transactivation. Depletion of MOF significantly promotes cell growth, migration, and invasion in HCC cell lines. Taken together, our results provide new insights to understand the mechanism underlying the modulation function of MOF on ERα action in HCC, suggesting that MOF might be a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
Microbial communities of titanium versus zirconia abutments on implant‐supported restorations: Biodiversity composition and its impact on clinical parameters over a 3‐year longitudinal prospective study
Authors: de Freitas Alice Ramos , Del Rey Yumi Chokyu , de Souza Santos Emerson , Faria Ribeiro Ricardo , de Albuquerque Junior Rubens Ferreira , do Nascimento Cássio 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundShifts in microbial communities are common over time, but they may disturb the host‐microbiome homeostasis and result in inflammation of the peri‐implant issues if a dysbiotic biofilm is established.PurposeConsidering that different oral substrate surfaces may have a relevant impact on the microbial adhesion and colonization, the aim of this study was to investigate the microbial communities of the biofilm formed on single‐implant restorations using titanium or zirconia abutments and how they correlate with clinical parameters after 3‐years of implant loading.Materials and methodsMiSeq sequencing of 16S rRNA amplicons was used to characterize the oral biofilms of individuals (n = 20) who were sampled longitudinally during 3 years of masticatory loading. Bioinformatics analysis and multivariate statistical analysis were used to evaluate the microbial diversity and clinical outcomes.ResultsMicrobiomes of both abutment materials presented high alpha‐diversity indices during all the experimental period, irrespective of the time of sampling. Microbial communities of titanium and zirconia were quite different over time, differing about 30% after 3 years of functional loading. Similarity of microbiomes between tested abutments and contralateral teeth was also low, ranging between 45% and 50% after 3 years of investigation. Periodontal pathogens commonly associated with peri‐implantitis were found in both groups. Furthermore, both abutment materials presented strong correlations of diversity indices and microbial taxa with clinical outcomes.ConclusionsThe type of abutment substrate significantly influenced diversity and clustering of communities during 3 years of functional loading. The time of sampling had no effect on the variables. Large correlations were found between microbial findings and clinical outcomes.
The utilization of small non‐mammals in traumatic brain injury research: A systematic review
Authors: Zulazmi Nurul Atiqah , Arulsamy Alina , Ali Idrish , Zainal Abidin Syafiq Asnawi , Othman Iekhsan , Shaikh Mohd. Farooq 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide and has complicated underlying pathophysiology. Numerous TBI animal models have been developed over the past decade to effectively mimic the human TBI pathophysiology. These models are of mostly mammalian origin including rodents and non‐human primates. However, the mammalian models demanded higher costs and have lower throughput often limiting the progress in TBI research. Thus, this systematic review aims to discuss the potential benefits of non‐mammalian TBI models in terms of their face validity in resembling human TBI. Three databases were searched as follows: PubMed, Scopus, and Embase, for original articles relating to non‐mammalian TBI models, published between January 2010 and December 2019. A total of 29 articles were selected based on PRISMA model for critical appraisal. Zebrafish, both larvae and adult, was found to be the most utilized non‐mammalian TBI model in the current literature, followed by the fruit fly and roundworm. In conclusion, non‐mammalian TBI models have advantages over mammalian models especially for rapid, cost‐effective, and reproducible screening of effective treatment strategies and provide an opportunity to expedite the advancement of TBI research.
Costs of the COVID‐19 pandemic associated with obesity in Europe: A health‐care cost model
Authors: Czernichow Sebastien , Bain Stephen C. , Capehorn Matthew , Bøgelund Mette , Madsen Maria Elmegaard , Yssing Cecilie , McMillan Annabell Cajus , Cancino Ana‐Paula , Panton Ulrik Haagen 
Published: February 2021

SummaryExcess weight is associated with severe outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). We aimed to estimate the total secondary care costs by body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) category when hospitalized due to COVID‐19 in Europe during the first wave of the pandemic from January to June 2020. Building a health‐care cost model, this study aimed to estimate the total costs of COVID‐19. Information on risk of hospitalization, admission to intensive care unit (ICU) and risk of ventilation were based on published data. Average cost per patient and in total were calculated based on risks of admission to ICU, risk of invasive mechanical ventilation and length of hospital stay when hospitalized and published costs associated with hospitalization. The total direct costs of secondary care during the first wave of COVID‐19 in Europe were estimated at EUR 13.9 billon, whereof 76% accounted for treating people with overweight and obesity. The average cost per hospital admission increased with BMI, from EUR 15831 for BMI <25 kg/m2 to EUR 30982 for BMI ≥40 kg/m2. This study reveals that excess weight contributes disproportionally to the costs of COVID‐19. This might reflect that overweight and obesity caused the COVID‐19 pandemic to result in more severe outcomes for citizens and higher secondary care costs throughout Europe.
Variable population‐sized particle swarm optimization for highly imbalanced dataset classification
Authors: Rangasamy Devi Priya , Rajappan Sivaraj , Natarajan Anitha , Ramasamy Rajadevi , Vijayakumar Devisurya 
Published: February 2021

AbstractReal‐world datasets used for classification often face many challenges when they are imbalanced in nature which is unavoidable and need to be handled by analysts. Many researchers have proposed methods for handling imbalanced datasets and they mostly concentrated on handling binary classification with only two class labels. Only very few research works have been carried out for treating highly imbalanced datasets and fail to handle multiclass datasets. To address imbalance problem in multiclass datasets, this paper proposes a Variable Population sized Particle Swarm Optimization (VPPSO) which is a modified version of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) which works based on clustering. PSO usually has fixed population size and has high computational complexity. In order to reduce this, the population size is varied over generations and the particles are loaded into the population iteratively by retaining the balance nature of solutions. PSO optimizes the selection of training and testing samples from each class label in imbalanced datasets for improved classification results. From the implementation results, it is evident that using VPPSO, highly imbalanced datasets with multiclass attributes are classified more efficiently than state‐of‐the‐art algorithms. The statistical results also prove the superior performance of VPPSO.