bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On a nonlinear sequential four-point fractional q-difference equation involving q-integral operators in boundary conditions along with stability criteria
Authors: Boutiara Abdelatif , Etemad Sina , Alzabut Jehad , Hussain Azhar , Subramanian Muthaiah , Rezapour Shahram 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we consider a nonlinear sequential q-difference equation based on the Caputo fractional quantum derivatives with nonlocal boundary value conditions containing Riemann–Liouville fractional quantum integrals in four points. In this direction, we derive some criteria and conditions of the existence and uniqueness of solutions to a given Caputo fractional q-difference boundary value problem. Some pure techniques based on condensing operators and Sadovskii’s measure and the eigenvalue of an operator are employed to prove the main results. Also, the Ulam–Hyers stability and generalized Ulam–Hyers stability are investigated. We examine our results by providing two illustrative examples.
Existence of nonoscillatory solutions tending to zero of fourth-order nonlinear neutral dynamic equations on time scales
Authors: Qiu Yang-Cong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this paper, a class of fourth-order nonlinear neutral dynamic equations on time scales is investigated. We obtain some sufficient conditions for the existence of nonoscillatory solutions tending to zero with some characteristics of the equations by Krasnoselskii’s fixed point theorem. Finally, two interesting examples are presented to show the significance of the results.
The correlation between ATP measurement and microbial contamination of inanimate surfaces
Authors: van Arkel Andreas , Willemsen Ina , Kluytmans Jan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between adenosine triphosphate (ATP) measurements and microbial contamination using a standardized method. Secondarily, analyzing reproducibility of ATP measurements and aerobic colony counts (ACC’s) on the same surface.

Methods
ATP measurements and ACC’s were conducted on 10 pre-defined fomites in a hospital and nursing home setting. Per fomite two ATP measurements and two agar plate measurements were conducted, each measurement was conducted on a 25 cm2 surface. Both measurements were compared and analyzed for correlation.

Results
In total 200 paired measurements were conducted, 200 ATP measurements and 200 ACC’s. The mean of all ATP measurements tested on the same surface was calculated, as was for all 200 ACC’s. There was a strong correlation between the mean of two ATP measurements on two different sites on the same fomite (R = 0.800, p < 0.001) as well as between two ACC measurements on the same fomite (R = 0.667, p < 0.001). A much weaker correlation was found between RLU values and ACC’s (R = 0.244, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Reproducibility of ATP measurements and ACC’s on the same fomite was good. However, the correlation between RLU values and ACC’s on hospital surfaces was much lower. This may be explained by the wide variety of biological material that is measured with ATP, of which the bacterial load is only one of many components. ATP measurement can be used to give a quantifiable outcome for the rating of cleanliness in health care facilities, however the results cannot be translated into the level of microbial contamination.
Informed consent and informed intervention: SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations not just call for disclosure of newly emerging safety data but also for hypothesis generation and testing
Authors: Fischer Johannes C. , Schmidt Albrecht G. , Bölke Edwin , Keitel Verena , Feldt Torsten , Jensen Björn , Freise Noemi F. , Häussinger Dieter , Schneider E. Marion , Hermsen Derik , Kindgen-Milles Detlef , Knoefel Wolfram Trudo , Haussmann Jan , Tamaskovics Balint , Plettenberg Christian , Scheckenbach Kathrin , Corradini Stefanie , Rox Jutta , Balz Vera , Maas Kitti , Schmidt Livia , Grebe Olaf , Ehrhardt Anja , Gerber Peter Arne , Peiper Matthias , Buhren Bettina Alexandra , Lichtenberg Artur , Rezazadeh Amir , Budach Wilfried , Matuschek Christiane 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
COVID-19 infection is a major threat to patients and health care providers around the world. One solution is the vaccination against SARS-CoV-2.

Methods
We performed a comprehensive query of the latest publications on the prevention of viral infections including the recent vaccination program and its side effects.

Results
The situation is evolving rapidly and there is no reasonable alternative to population-scale vaccination programs as currently enrolled.

Conclusion
Therefore, regulatory authorities should consider supplementing their conventional mandate of post-approval pharmacovigilance, which is based on the collection, assessment, and regulatory response to emerging safety findings.
Psychological reaction to Covid-19 of Italian patients with IBD
Authors: Savarese Mariarosaria , Castellini Greta , Leone Salvatore , Previtali Enrica , Armuzzi Alessandro , Graffigna Guendalina 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundPatients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may be particularly vulnerable to the effects of the novel coronavirus (Covid-19) on disease management and psychological status. This study explored psychological reactions to the Covid-19 emergency and IBD disease management in a sample of Italian patients.MethodsAn online questionnaire was designed to assess general concerns, psychological reaction, disease management, socio-demographics, and clinical information with validated scales and ad hoc items. A non-probabilistic purposive sample was selected, comprised patients with IBD who belonged to the Italian Association for patients with IBD (AMICI Onlus) completed the questionnaire in April 2020. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics, student’s T-test for independent groups, and one-way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance).ResultsOne thousand fourteen eligible questionnaires were analyzed. Italian patients with IBD appeared to be very worried about the Covid-19 emergency (60.7%) and concerned about the risks of infection (59%). Half of the sample reported medium to high-perceived stress, and 74% had low-medium coping self-efficacy levels. One third was in a state of psychological arousal. Twenty-nine percent of patients had canceled hospital appointments for fear of contracting the virus. The majority of responders believed that belonging to the Italian Association for Patients with IBD - AMICI Onlus - is useful.ConclusionsThe results revealed that this sample of Italian patients with IBD lived with medium level of stress and with inadequate coping self-efficacy regarding disease management. Accordingly, Covid-19 may affect self-management behaviors. Therefore, national and regional associations for patients with IBD, should largely support these patients in this emergency.
Approximations of conditional probability density functions in Lebesgue spaces via mixture of experts models
Authors: Nguyen Hien Duy , Nguyen TrungTin , Chamroukhi Faicel , McLachlan Geoffrey John 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMixture of experts (MoE) models are widely applied for conditional probability density estimation problems. We demonstrate the richness of the class of MoE models by proving denseness results in Lebesgue spaces, when inputs and outputs variables are both compactly supported. We further prove an almost uniform convergence result when the input is univariate. Auxiliary lemmas are proved regarding the richness of the soft-max gating function class, and their relationships to the class of Gaussian gating functions.
Young hospital pharmacists’ job stress and career prospects amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in China
Authors: Wu Jiahao , Cai Jian , Fang Ming , Wang Yan , Xu Feng 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundCoronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic posed a critical threat to public health in the past year and has not been fully controlled so far. The nature of front-line young hospital pharmacists’ occupation puts them at an increased risk of contracting any contagious disease, including COVID-19. Recent survey indicated that hospital pharmacists in China are depressive, hostile amid the pandemic.AimThe present investigation aims to understand the job stress among young hospital pharmacists during the outbreak of COVID-19 and to provide basic information for pharmacy managers to help young fellows to cope with job stress.MethodThis study is adopting pharmacist job stress questionnaire as the key instrument of data collection through WJX App in mobile phone. Demographic information, career prospects and stress management proposals were obtained synchronously. Quantitative data were processed with SPSS. Significant differences were examined using analysis of variance and Chi-square analysis.ResultAbout 60% of 289 questionnaire respondents complained of job stress (178 respondents). According to the narrative description of the data, young pharmacists’ gender, education background, hospital grade, and specific work post had no significant effect on job stress difference. However, young pharmacists in different age-groups and professional titles showed different job stress. Pharmacists at the age of 31–35 complained more stress than the others. Pharmacists with high professional title (deputy chief pharmacist) complained more stress than the others. About 65% of 289 respondents had long-term plan for their practice, although 61% of young pharmacists felt troubled or worried with their future. As for stress management proposal, almost all young pharmacists hoped to improve their professional identity via raising their wages.ConclusionMore than half of young pharmacists suffer from job stress amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in China, and various intervention measures should be taken to relieve the stress and finally improve their social identity.
Initial presenting symptoms, comorbidities and severity of COVID-19 patients during the second wave of epidemic in Myanmar
Authors: Htun Ye Minn , Win Tun Tun , Aung Aung , Latt Thant Zin , Phyo Yan Naung , Tun Thet Min , Htun Nyan Sint , Tun Kyaw Myo , Htun Khin Aung 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by a highly contagious virus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 emerged in China at the end of 2019 and became a major threat to health around the world. The health experts are still learning more about the detailed knowledge of the natural course and the severity of COVID-19. The study aimed to assess the prevalence and association of severity of disease with demographic characteristics, initial presenting symptoms, and comorbidities among COVID-19 patients in treatment centers, Myanmar.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted at Hmawbi and Indine treatment centers, Yangon Region, Myanmar, from November to December 2020. Data were collected by using standardized case report forms and then, a total of 222 confirmed COVID-19 inpatients were included in this study. The odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used as a measure of association and the independent associated factors for severity of disease were investigated using logistic regression analysis.

Results
In total, 81.5% were symptomatic patients and of these, the most common presenting symptoms were fever 54.1%, loss of smell 50.3%, and cough 30.9%. Among 37.8% of COVID-19 patients with comorbidities, the most common comorbidities were hypertension 58.3%, diabetes mellitus 29.8%, and heart diseases 26.2%, respectively. As a severity, 20.7% of patients had signs of severe pneumonia. The associated factors of severe pneumonia were aged 60 years and older [Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.88, 95% CI 1.14–7.29], overweight or obesity (AOR: 3.87, 95%CI 1.80–8.33), and current smoking (AOR: 6.74, 95% CI 2.72–16.75).

Conclusions
In this study, one-fifth of the patients developed severe pneumonia. The COVID-19 patients who were aged 60 years and older, overweight or obesity, and current smokers should be monitored carefully during the course of treatment to reduce the disease severity.
Fis1 ablation in the male germline disrupts mitochondrial morphology and mitophagy, and arrests spermatid maturation
Authors: Varuzhanyan Grigor , Ladinsky Mark S. , Yamashita Shun-ichi , Abe Manabu , Sakimura Kenji , Kanki Tomotake , Chan David C. 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
Male germline development involves choreographed changes to mitochondrial number, morphology and organization. Mitochondrial reorganization during spermatogenesis was recently shown to require mitochondrial fusion and fission. Mitophagy, the autophagic degradation of mitochondria, is another mechanism for controlling mitochondrial number and physiology, but its role during spermatogenesis is largely unknown. During post-meiotic spermatid development, restructuring of the mitochondrial network results in packing of mitochondria into a tight array in the sperm midpiece to fuel motility. Here, we show that disruption of mouse Fis1 in the male germline results in early spermatid arrest that is associated with increased mitochondrial content. Mutant spermatids coalesce into multinucleated giant cells that accumulate mitochondria of aberrant ultrastructure and numerous mitophagic and autophagic intermediates, suggesting a defect in mitophagy. We conclude that Fis1 regulates mitochondrial morphology and turnover to promote spermatid maturation.
Increasing the Availability of Automated External Defibrillators at Sporting Events: A Call to Action from the American College of Sports Medicine
Authors: Thompson Paul D. , Baggish Aaron L. , Blaha Michael J. , Brawner Clinton A. , Eickhoff-Shemek JoAnn M. , Hunt Tamerah N. , Kraus William E. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Given that most sudden cardiac arrests (SCAs) occur outside of a medical facility, often in association with exercise and sporting events, and given that early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) plus defibrillation is the strongest predictor of survival from SCA, this Call to Action from the American College of Sports Medicine recommends increasing the availability and effectiveness of early CPR plus defibrillation so that the time from collapse-to-first automated external defibrillator shock is less than 3 min.
The ambulance service advanced practitioner's role in supporting care homes: a qualitative study of care staff experiences
Authors: Harvey Chris , Froggatt Simon , Lightowler Bryan , Hodge Andrew 
Published: August 2021

Background/Aims The demand from care homes on NHS services continues to rise, with little evidence of ambulance service contribution in this area. The Yorkshire Ambulance Service provides an advanced practitioner model to support care homes in Sheffield, as an alternative to calling 999. This study investigated the experiences and needs of the care home staff who use the ambulance service advanced practitioner model. Methods This qualitative study conducted semi-structured, face-to-face interviews with 19 staff members from 10 different care home settings. Thematic analysis using a combination of NVivo and manual coding was undertaken. Results The three key themes from the interviews were variations in service demand, the service user's expectations and experience, and benefits to residents. Participants reported that good community services reduced the need to call 999, empowering carers to support residents to remain in the community. Conclusions Care homes require comprehensive services that meet their needs. The advanced practitioner model provided by the ambulance service supports this, preventing unnecessary 999 calls and fitting with other community service provision.
Sexual history taking in primary care
Authors: Kipps Sarah 
Published: August 2021

Sexual history can be neglected in a routine nursing or medical assessment. Sarah Kipps gives tips to assist in making a sexual history taking session as comfortable as possible for both health professional and patient Practitioners in primary care are in a unique position to improve the sexual health of men and women. They can do this by introducing the topic of sexual health into their everyday consultations and thereby normalising the subject as part of routine health for the patient. There is evidence that health professionals find sexual history taking to be one of the more challenging aspects of a consultation. There are a number of different reasons for this: feeling not equipped to ask questions of such a sensitive nature; fear of opening a ‘can of worms’ which cannot be dealt with; and the general social embarrassment and difficulties experienced talking about sex in general. This article will give health professionals some tips and guides to assist in making a sexual history taking session as comfortable as possible for both health professional and patient.
Integrated human-animal sero-surveillance of Brucellosis in the pastoral Afar and Somali regions of Ethiopia
Authors: Tschopp Rea , Gebregiorgis Ashenafi , Tassachew Yayehyirad , Andualem Henok , Osman Mahlet , Waqjira Mulugeta Waji , Hattendorf Jan , Mohammed Abdulkadir , Hamid Muhammed , Molla Wassie , Mitiku Simeneh Awoke , Walke Henry , Negron Maria , Kadzik Melissa , Mamo Gezahegne 
Published: August 2021

Background
Brucellosis is widespread in Ethiopia with variable reported prevalence depending on the geographical area, husbandry practices and animal species. However, there is limited information on the disease prevalence amongst pastoral communities, whose life is intricately linked with their livestock.

Methodology
We conducted an integrated human-animal brucellosis sero-surveillance study in two adjacent pastoral regions, Afar and Somali region (SRS). This cross-sectional study included 13 woredas (districts) and 650 households. Blood samples were collected from people and livestock species (cattle, camel, goats and sheep). Sera were analyzed with C-ELISA for camels and shoats (sheep and goats), with I-ELISA for cattle and IgG ELISA for humans. Descriptive and inferential statistics analyses were performed.

Results
A total of 5469 sera were tested by ELISA. Prevalence of livestock was 9.0% in Afar and 8.6% in SRS (ranging from 0.6 to 20.2% at woreda level). In humans, prevalence was 48.3% in Afar and 34.9% in SRS (ranging from 0.0 to 74.5% at woreda level). 68.4% of all households in Afar and 57.5% of households in SRS had at least one animal reactor. Overall, 4.1% of animals had a history of abortion. The proportion of animals with abortion history was higher in seropositive animals than in seronegative animals. Risk factor analysis showed that female animals were significantly at higher risk of being reactors (p = 0.013). Among the species, cattle had the least risk of being reactors (p = 0.014). In humans, there was a clear regional association of disease prevalence (p = 0.002). The older the people, the highest the odds of being seropositive.

Conclusion
Brucellosis is widespread in humans and animals in pastoral communities of Afar and SRS with the existence of geographical hotspots. No clear association was seen between human and particular livestock species prevalence, hence there was no indication as whether B. abortus or B. melitensis are circulating in these areas, which warrants further molecular research prior to embarking on a national control programs. Such programs will need to be tailored to the pastoral context.
Long-term mental wellbeing and functioning after surgery for cauda equina syndrome
Authors: Hazelwood James E. , Hoeritzauer Ingrid , Carson Alan , Stone Jon , Demetriades Andreas K. 
Published: August 2021

Introduction
Cauda Equina Syndrome (CES) can cause persisting life-changing dysfunction. There is scarce literature regarding the long-term assessment of CES symptoms, and rarer still is the impact of these symptoms on mental wellbeing investigated. This study assessed the long-term patient reported mental wellbeing outcomes of post-operative CES patients.

Methods
Patients who underwent surgery for CES between August 2013 and November 2014 were identified using an ethically approved database. They then completed validated questionnaires over the telephone assessing their mental and physical functioning (Short-Form 12 Questionnaire), generating the Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS). Bladder, bowel and sexual function were also assessed using validated questionnaires. MCS scores were compared to both the Scottish mean and previously published cut-offs indicating patients at risk of depression. Correlations of MCS with bladder, bowel, sexual and physical dysfunction were examined and multifactorial regression to predict MCS from these variables analysed. Independent t-tests assessed the mean difference in MCS between patients presenting with incomplete CES (CES-I) and CES with retention (CES-R) and between those with radiologically confirmed and impending CES.

Results
Forty-six participants with a mean follow-up time of 43 months completed the study. The mean (±SD) MCS was 49 (±11.8) with 22% demonstrating poor mental health related quality of life in comparison to the Scottish mean. Overall, 37% had scores consistent with being at risk for depression with in the last 30 days, and 45% within the last 12 months. MCS was significantly correlated with Urinary Symptoms Profile (USP) score (-0.608), NBDS score (-0.556), ASEX score (-0.349) and PCS score (0.413) with worse bladder, bowel, sexual and physical dysfunction associated with worse MCS score. Multifactorial regression analysis demonstrated both urinary (USP score p = 0.031) and bowel function (NBDS score p = 0.009) to be significant predictive variables of mental health related quality of life. There were no significant mean differences in MCS between those presenting with CES-I and CES-R or those with radiologically complete and impending CES.

Discussion
This study demonstrates a high frequency of being at risk for depression in patients with CES and identifies outcome measures (physical, sexual and more so bladder and bowel dysfunction) associated with poorer mental wellbeing. Our large cohort and long follow-up highlight that CES patients should be considered at risk of depression, and the need to consider mental health outcomes following CES surgery.