bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydroprinting Technology to Transfer Ultrathin, Transparent, and Double‐Sided Conductive Nanomembranes for Multiscale 3D Conformal Electronics
Authors: Yoo Dongwoo , Kim Seonghyeon , Cho Woosung , Park Jaechan , Kim Joonwon 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTransparent multiscale 3D conformal electronics using hydroprinting with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a sacrificial layer to transfer networks of silver nanowires (AgNWs) without a carrier layer is developed. However, AgNWs are known to disperse on water surfaces during the transfer process. Therefore, a functional film is developed by simultaneously welding and embedding AgNWs in the PVA through a simple one‐step thermal pressing, demonstrating that ultrathin, transparent, and double‐sided conductive/patterned nanomembranes with welded AgNWs can float on water without dispersion. The nanomembrane with an excellent figure of merit of 1200, a low sheet resistance of 16.2 Ω sq−1, and a high transmittance of 98.17% achieves conformal contact with excellent step surface coverage of complex macro‐ and microstructures because of its nanoscale thickness (54.39 nm) and numerous deformable micro‐ and nanopores. Furthermore, the double‐sided conductive nanomembranes facilitate wiring and layer‐by‐layer assembly, regardless of the transfer direction of the surface. As a proof‐of‐concept demonstration, a nanomembrane‐based aneurysm sensor is developed. Its high transparency enables coil embolization, and the sensor can measure the pushing force of the coil within an aneurysm in an endovascular simulator. Moreover, this newly developed hydroprinting technology provides a new method for the fabrication of transparent multiscale 3D conformal electronics.
A review of modelling techniques for floating offshore wind turbines
Authors: Otter Aldert , Murphy Jimmy , Pakrashi Vikram , Robertson Amy , Desmond Cian 
Published: December 2021

AbstractModelling floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) is challenging due to the strong coupling between the aerodynamics of the turbine and the hydrodynamics of the floating platform. Physical testing at scale is faced with the additional challenge of the scaling mismatch between Froude number and Reynolds number due to working in the two fluid domains, air and water. In the drive for cost‐reduction of floating wind energy, designers may be seeking to move towards high‐fidelity numerical modelling as a substitute for physical testing. However, the numerical engineering tools typically used for FOWT modelling are considered as mid‐fidelity to low‐fidelity tools, and currently lack the level of accuracy required to do so. Furthermore, there is a lack of operational FOWT data available for further development and validation. High‐fidelity tools, such as CFD, have greater accuracy but are cumbersome tools and still require validation. Physical scale model testing therefore continues to play an essential role in the development of FOWTs both as a source of validation data for numerical models and as an important development step along the path to commercialization of all platform concepts. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of both numerical modelling and physical FOWT scale model testing approaches and to provide guidance on the selection of the most appropriate approach (or combination of approaches). The current state‐of‐the‐art will be discussed along with current research trends and areas for further investigation.
On the plate equation with nonstationary stochastic process coefficients
Authors: Lu Xiaojun 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn mechanics, while investigating the vibration of plates, we are frequently confronted with random perturbations from both internal and external environments, such as inhomogeneous materials, unstable temperature fluctuation, etc. In this respect, the plate equation with stochastic coefficients is used for modeling the randomness from various perturbations. Current paper is concerned with the regularity behavior of the solution of the stochastic plate equation, in particular, the joint influence from the degenerating and oscillating coefficients on the principal operator is of prime consideration. We apply the sophisticated techniques from microlocal analysis and stochastic analysis to explore the upper bound of loss of regularity. Furthermore, in order to demonstrate the optimality of the estimates, appropriate counter‐examples with periodic coefficients are constructed to show the lower bound of loss of regularity by the application of harmonic analysis and instability arguments.
Knowledge Society, Educational Attainment, and the Unequal City: A Sociospatial Perspective
Authors: Gerhard Ulrike , Hoelscher Michael , Marquardt Editha 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEducation plays a key role in knowledge society, since, from a meritocratic perspective, it opens up fair opportunities for well-paid jobs, thereby increasing social mobility and well-being more generally. In order to foster their economic competitiveness, cities are therefore encouraged to engage in knowledge-based urban development by trying to provide good schools and world-class universities to attract the “creative class.” However, meritocracy is a “myth,” as access to educational opportunities is itself socially biased. With the example of Heidelberg, a so-called “knowledge pearl,” we show how knowledge-institutions, such as the university, may shape socioenvironmental contexts in ways conducive to spatially selective access to—and use of—educational opportunities. Instead of reducing social polarization, knowledge-institutions may instead (re-)produce inequalities.
Bringing the Full Picture into Focus: A Consideration of the Internal and External Validity of Charter School Effects
Authors: Lauen Douglas Lee , Abbott Kyle 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe authors of this chapter describe an institutional arrangement for education in the United States: the provision of education through “charter schools,” an experiment in liberalization and decentralization begun in the early 1990s. They address whether charter schools raise student achievement on average compared to students in traditional public schools. They report that the authors of small-scale randomized studies report quite positive effects, but that as the sample of schools increases, the reported effects decline in size and significance, from which they conclude that while charter schools do not generally harm student achievement, they do not have significantly positive effects for the average student. They do, however, more positively affect poor and minority students and students in some urban centers. This underlines the importance of examining school effects across different geographies and social groups and the key role external validity plays in drawing policy implications from educational research.
Introduction: Digitalization as a Driver of the Contemporary Economy
Authors: Marszałek Paweł , Ratajczak-Mrozek Milena 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMilena Ratajczak-Mrozek and Paweł Marszałek discuss how digitalization and digital technologies are impacting markets, firms and financial institutions. They stress the need for adopting the interdisciplinary (taking into account not only economic, but also legal and social dimensions) approach in research on digitalization, as such approach provides a comprehensive view of the process, its manifestations, features and impact. The authors also identify six channels through which digitalization has had an impact on the economy. They argue that digitalization may be considered in the context of both challenges and opportunities set by digital technologies for business models and business operations and markets, as well as the main driver of growth and competitiveness for markets and firms/businesses. In this context, the authors introduce 10 chapters of the book and present the links between different level of analysis—micro, mezzo and macro.
Autonomous Control of Logistic Processes: A Retrospective
Authors: Schukraft Susanne , Teucke Michael , Freitag Michael , Scholz-Reiter Bernd 
Published: December 2021

AbstractManufacturing and logistic service companies are increasingly confronted with high dynamics and complexity. Due to its particular suitability for short-term and situation-dependent decision-making, autonomous control can improve planning and control of production and related transportation processes. This chapter gives an overview of the research that the BIBA—Bremer Institut für Produktion und Logistik GmbH has performed over the past years in the field of autonomously controlled production and transportation networks. The chapter focuses on the modeling approaches and the autonomous control methods that have been developed. These methods have been evaluated using both theoretical and real-world scenarios. The results show the applicability and suitability of autonomous control in complex and dynamic production and transportation environments. In addition, influences on the methods’ performance and the integration of autonomous control into conventional planning and control systems are discussed. Finally, the chapter looks at the significance of autonomous control in the context of Industry 4.0 and shows the relations between both concepts.
Automobile Logistics 4.0: Advances Through Digitalization
Authors: Hoff-Hoffmeyer-Zlotnik Marit , Teucke Michael , Oelker Stephan , Freitag Michael 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn today’s buyer’s markets, logistical service quality is of great importance, particularly for high-priced products. For many buyers, the automobile is the epitome of a high-priced, individually customized product. Hence, customers expect a high delivery service quality. Distribution logistics provides the link between the manufacturer and the customer and is therefore responsible for providing these services. In automobile logistics, the distribution chain involves several stakeholders, such as manufacturers, transport, and technical services providers, as well as dealers. Seamless coordination between them is crucial. Digitalization is an inevitable means for gaining a high level of transparency among the stakeholders. In addition, it provides technologies for developing effective and tailor-made assistance and control systems that support processes along the distribution chain. In recent years, the BIBA—Bremer Institut für Produktion und Logistik GmbH has been active in automobile logistics research and has been involved in developing several assistant and control systems that range from relatively simple track and trace systems to highly complex compound control systems. In this paper, we present an overview of the developed systems and provide a vision, how recent and ongoing research improves automobile logistics and how to further potential can be leveraged.
Observations and Perceptions on a Doctoral Research Seminar in Engineering and Logistics
Authors: Louis Dave A. , Rügge Ingrid 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLogistics is a global challenge needing cooperation across disciplinary as well as cultural diversity. International, interdisciplinary education has the potential to provide meaningful experiences and cultural exchange for the individuals involved, including students, faculty, and university professionals and can have a positive impact on their lives and professionalism. We introduce the doctoral training program International Graduate School for Dynamics in Logistics (IGS) at the University of Bremen and explores a German-American educational partnership on the level of doctoral training. Utilizing scholarly personal narratives, the perceptions of two university professionals were garnered. From the narratives, they discussed the advantages and difficulties associated with cultural exchanges, the exposure to many cultures, and engaging with differing educational systems converging within one program. This qualitative study provides and glimpses into the complexity and intentional nuances that should be addressed when developing and operationalizing international, interdisciplinary education.
Complex Networks in Manufacturing and Logistics: A Retrospect
Authors: Becker Till , Wagner-Kampik Darja 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe methodology to model systems as graphs or networks already exists for a long time. The availability of information technology and computational power has led to a renaissance of the network modeling approach. Scientists have collected data and started to create huge models of complex networks from various domains. Manufacturing and logistics benefits from this development, because material flow systems are predetermined to be modeled as networks. This chapter revisits selected advances in network modeling and analysis in manufacturing and logistics that have been achieved in the last decade. It presents the basic modeling concept, the transition from static to dynamic and stochastic models, and a collection of examples how network models can be applied to contribute to solving problems in planning and control of logistic systems.
Configuration Space Exploration for Digital Printing Systems
Authors: Denkers Jasper , Brunner Marvin , van Gool Louis , Visser Eelco 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWithin the printing industry, much of the variety in printed applications comes from the variety in finishing. Finishing comprises the processing of sheets of paper after being printed, e.g. to form books. The configuration space of finishers, i.e. all possible configurations given the available features and hardware capabilities, are large. Current control software minimally assists operators in finding useful configurations. Using a classical modelling and integration approach to support a variety of configuration spaces is suboptimal with respect to operatability, development time, and maintenance burden.In this paper, we explore the use of a modeling language for finishers to realize optimizing decision making over configuration parameters in a systematic way and to reduce development time by generating control software from models.We present CSX, a domain-specific language for high-level declarative specification of finishers that supports specification of the configuration parameters and the automated exploration of the configuration space of finishers. The language serves as an interface to constraint solving, i.e., we use low-level SMT constraint solving to find configurations for high-level specifications. We present a denotational semantics that expresses a translation of CSX specifications to SMT constraints. We describe the implementation of the CSX compiler and the CSX programming environment (IDE), which supports well-formedness checking, inhabitance checking, and interactive configuration space exploration. We evaluate CSX by modelling two realistic finishers. Benchmarks show that CSX has practical performance (<1s) for several scenarios of configuration space exploration.
Prediction of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension with standardised evaluation of initial computed tomography pulmonary angiography performed for suspected acute pulmonary embolism
Authors: Boon Gudula J. A. M. , Ende-Verhaar Yvonne M. , Beenen Ludo F. M. , Coolen Johan , Delcroix Marion , Golebiowski Marek , Huisman Menno V. , Mairuhu Albert T. A. , Meijboom Lilian J. , Middeldorp Saskia , Pruszczyk Piotr , van Rooden Cornelis J. , Vonk Noordegraaf Anton , Kroft Lucia J. M. , Klok Frederikus A. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objectives
Closer reading of computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) scans of patients presenting with acute pulmonary embolism (PE) may identify those at high risk of developing chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). We aimed to validate the predictive value of six radiological predictors that were previously proposed.

Methods
Three hundred forty-one patients with acute PE were prospectively followed for development of CTEPH in six European hospitals. Index CTPAs were analysed post hoc by expert chest radiologists blinded to the final diagnosis. The accuracy of the predictors using a predefined threshold for ‘high risk’ (≥ 3 predictors) and the expert overall judgment on the presence of CTEPH were assessed.

Results
CTEPH was confirmed in nine patients (2.6%) during 2-year follow-up. Any sign of chronic thrombi was already present in 74/341 patients (22%) on the index CTPA, which was associated with CTEPH (OR 7.8, 95%CI 1.9–32); 37 patients (11%) had ≥ 3 of 6 radiological predictors, of whom 4 (11%) were diagnosed with CTEPH (sensitivity 44%, 95%CI 14–79; specificity 90%, 95%CI 86–93). Expert judgment raised suspicion of CTEPH in 27 patients, which was confirmed in 8 (30%; sensitivity 89%, 95%CI 52–100; specificity 94%, 95%CI 91–97).

Conclusions
The presence of ≥ 3 of 6 predefined radiological predictors was highly specific for a future CTEPH diagnosis, comparable to overall expert judgment, while the latter was associated with higher sensitivity. Dedicated CTPA reading for signs of CTEPH may therefore help in early detection of CTEPH after PE, although in our cohort this strategy would not have detected all cases.

Key Points
• Three expert chest radiologists re-assessed CTPA scans performed at the moment of acute pulmonary embolism diagnosis and observed a high prevalence of chronic thrombi and signs of pulmonary hypertension.
• On these index scans, the presence of ≥ 3 of 6 predefined radiological predictors was highly specific for a future diagnosis of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), comparable to overall expert judgment.
• Dedicated CTPA reading for signs of CTEPH may help in early detection of CTEPH after acute pulmonary embolism.
SAF-A mutants disrupt chromatin structure through dominant negative effects on RNAs associated with chromatin
Authors: Kolpa Heather J. , Creamer Kevin M. , Hall Lisa L. , Lawrence Jeanne B. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHere we provide a brief review of relevant background before presenting results of our investigation into the interplay between scaffold attachment factor A (SAF-A), chromatin-associated RNAs, and DNA condensation. SAF-A, also termed heterogenous nuclear protein U (hnRNP U), is a ubiquitous nuclear scaffold protein that was implicated in XIST RNA localization to the inactive X-chromosome (Xi) but also reported to maintain open DNA packaging in euchromatin. Here we use several means to perturb SAF-A and examine potential impacts on the broad association of RNAs on euchromatin, and on chromatin compaction. SAF-A has an N-terminal DNA binding domain and C-terminal RNA binding domain, and a prominent model has been that the protein provides a single-molecule bridge between XIST RNA and chromatin. Here analysis of the impact of SAF-A on broad RNA-chromatin interactions indicate greater biological complexity. We focus on SAF-A’s role with repeat-rich C0T-1 hnRNA (repeat-rich heterogeneous nuclear RNA), shown recently to comprise mostly intronic sequences of pre-mRNAs and diverse long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Our results show that SAF-A mutants cause dramatic changes to cytological chromatin condensation through dominant negative effects on C0T-1 RNA’s association with euchromatin, and likely other nuclear scaffold factors. In contrast, depletion of SAF-A by RNA interference (RNAi) had no discernible impact on C0T-1 RNA, nor did it cause similarly marked chromatin changes as did three different SAF-A mutations. Overall results support the concept that repeat-rich, chromatin-associated RNAs interact with multiple RNA binding proteins (RBPs) in a complex dynamic meshwork that is integral to larger-scale chromatin architecture and collectively influences cytological-scale DNA condensation.
Clinical characteristics, treatment patterns and relapse in patients with clinical stage IS testicular cancer
Authors: Brandt Maximilian Peter , Ruf C. , Dieckmann K. P. , Syring I. , Ruckes C. , Nestler T. , Schmelz H. U. , Dotzauer R. , Hiester A. , Albers P. , Nettersheim D. , Bolenz C. , Loosen S. H. , Heidenreich A. , Pfister D. , Haferkamp A. , Zengerling F. , Paffenholz P. ,   GESRU Academics Testis, Penile Cancer Group, Brandt Maximilian Peter , Ruf C. , Syring I. , Nestler T. , Albers P. , Nettersheim D. , Zengerling F. , Paffenholz P. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Clinical stage I (CSI) testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) represents disease confined to the testis without metastasis and CSIS is defined as persistently elevated tumor markers (TM) after orchiectomy, indicating subclinical metastatic disease. This study aims at assessing clinical characteristics and oncological outcome in CSIS.

Methods
Data from five tertiary referring centers in Germany were screened. We defined correct classification of CSIS according to EAU guidelines. TM levels, treatment and relapse-free survival were assessed and differences between predefined groups (chemotherapy, correct/incorrect CSIS) were analyzed with Fisher’s exact and Chi-square test.

Results
Out of 2616 TGCT patients, 43 (1.6%) were CSIS. Thereof, 27 were correctly classified (cCSIS, 1.03%) and 16 incorrectly classified (iCSIS). TMs that defined cCSIS were in 12 (44.4%), 10 (37%), 3 (11.1%) and 2 (7.4%) patients AFP, ß-HCG, AFP plus ß-HCG and LDH, respectively. In the cCSIS group, six patients were seminoma and 21 non-seminoma. Treatment consisted of active surveillance, carboplatin-mono AUC7 and BEP (bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin). No difference between cCSIS and iCSIS with respect to applied chemotherapy was found (p = 0.830). 5-year relapse-free survival was 88.9% and three patients (11%) in the cCSIS group relapsed. All underwent salvage treatment (3xBEP) with no documented death.

Conclusion
Around 1% of all TGCT were classified as cCSIS patients. Identification of cCSIS is of critical importance to avoid disease progression and relapses by adequate treatment. We report a high heterogeneity of treatment patterns, associated with excellent long-term survival irrespective of the initial treatment approach.