bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Superiority of laparoscopic liver resection to open liver resection in obese individuals with hepatocellular carcinoma: A retrospective study
Authors: Ishihara Atsushi , Tanaka Shogo , Shinkawa Hiroji , Yoshida Hisako , Takemura Shigekazu , Amano Ryosuke , Kimura Kenjiro , Ohira Go , Nishio Kohei , Kubo Shoji 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimThis study aimed to elucidate the effects of laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) vs open liver resection (OLR) for major complications (Clavien‐Dindo classification grade ≥ IIIa) in obese individuals with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsThe clinical records of 339 and 733 patients who underwent LLR and OLR, respectively, for HCC between 2000 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Body mass index (BMI) groups were classified according to the definitions of the World Health Organization: underweight group, BMI ≤ 18.4 kg/m2 (LLR vs OLR: 27 vs 47); normal weight, BMI 18.5‐24.9 kg/m2 (211 vs 483); overweight, BMI 25.0‐29.9 kg/m2 (85 vs 181); and obese, BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m2 (16 vs 22). The effects of obesity on major complications after LLR and OLR were investigated.ResultsIn total, 18 (5.3%) and 127 (17.3%) patients presented with major complications after LLR and OLR, respectively. There was no significant difference in the incidence of major complications after OLR in the four BMI groups. However, a stepwise decrease in the incidence of major complications after LLR was observed from the underweight to the obese group. In addition, a multivariate analysis revealed that increased BMI was an independent preventive factor for major complications after LLR (P = .026, odds ratio: 0.84). The estimated adjusted risk of major postoperative complications decreased with increased BMI in the LLR group, while the risk did not decrease in the OLR group (P for interaction = .048).ConclusionLaparoscopic liver resection is beneficial for obese patients and is superior to OLR.
Long‐acting implantable corticosteroid matrix for chronic rhinosinusitis: Results of LANTERN Phase 2 randomized controlled study
Authors: Cervin Anders , Rimmer Joanne , Wrobel Agnieszka , Abelak Yogen , Brayton Lindsay , Kuang Yina 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundTopical steroids are first‐line treatment for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), but fail to provide adequate symptom control for all patients. Designed for medical treatment failures, LYR‐210 is an implantable matrix that locally elutes mometasone furoate to inflamed sinonasal tissue for up to 24 weeks in CRS patients. In an open‐label phase 1 study, LYR‐210 demonstrated clinically relevant improvement in the 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22). Safety and efficacy of LYR‐210 in CRS were evaluated in the LANTERN Phase 2 study.MethodsSixty‐seven surgically naive adult CRS patients who were inadequately controlled by previous medical management and seeking an alternative treatment enrolled in a multicenter, blinded, controlled, dose‐ranging study. Patients had moderate‐to‐severe disease based on SNOT‐22 and composite 7‐day average scores of the 4 cardinal CRS symptoms (4CS), with diagnosis confirmed by nasal endoscopy and magnetic resonance imaging. Patients were randomized (1:1:1) to saline irrigation–only control or bilateral in‐office administration of LYR‐210 (2500 μg) or LYR‐210 (7500 μg). Safety and efficacy were evaluated over 24 weeks.ResultsBoth LYR‐210 doses were safe and well‐tolerated over the 24‐week treatment period. LYR‐210 demonstrated rapid and durable dose‐dependent symptom improvement based on 4CS and SNOT‐22, with LYR‐210 (7500 μg) achieving statistical significance as early as 8 weeks and out to 24 weeks compared with control. LYR‐210 (7500 μg) reduced rescue treatment use and radiographic ethmoid opacification at week 24.ConclusionsLYR‐210 is the first implantable sinonasal treatment to achieve up to 24 weeks of benefit from a single administration in surgically naive CRS patients with and without nasal polyps.
A critical appraisal of tau‐targeting therapies for primary and secondary tauopathies
Authors: Imbimbo Bruno P. , Ippati Stefania , Watling Mark , Balducci Claudia 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionPrimary tauopathies are neurological disorders in which tau protein deposition is the predominant pathological feature. Alzheimer's disease is a secondary tauopathy with tau forming hyperphosphorylated insoluble aggregates. Tau pathology can propagate from region to region in the brain, while alterations in tau processing may impair tau physiological functions.MethodsWe reviewed literature on tau biology and anti‐tau drugs using PubMed, meeting abstracts, and ClnicalTrials.gov.ResultsThe past 15 years have seen >30 drugs interfering with tau aggregation, processing, and accumulation reaching the clinic. Initial results with tau aggregation inhibitors and anti‐tau monoclonal antibodies have not shown clinical efficacy.DiscussionThe reasons for these clinical failures are unclear but could be linked to the clearing of physiological forms of tau by non‐specific drugs. Research is now concentrating efforts on developing reliable translational animal models and selective compounds targeting specific tau epitopes, neurotoxic tau aggregates, and post‐translational tau modifications.
Consecutive and Selective Double Methylene Insertion of Lithium Carbenoids to Isothiocyanates: A Direct Assembly of Four‐Membered Sulfur‐Containing Cycles
Authors: Senatore Raffaele , Malik Monika , Langer Thierry , Holzer Wolfgang , Pace Vittorio 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA formal CH2−CH2 homologation conducted with C1 carbenoids on a carbon electrophile for the obtainment of a four‐membered cycle is reported. The logic proposes the consecutive delivery of two single nucleophilic CH2 units to an isothiocyanate—as competent electrophilic partner—resulting in the assembling of a rare imino‐thietane cluster. The single synthetic operation procedure documents genuine chemocontrol, as indicated by the tolerance to various reactive elements decorating the starting materials. Significantly, the double homologation protocol is accomplished directly on a carbon electrophile, thus not requiring the installation of heteroatom‐centered manifolds (e.g. boron).
A SARS‐CoV‐2 Neutralization Assay Using Single Molecule Arrays
Authors: Gilboa Tal , Cohen Limor , Cheng Chi‐An , Lazarovits Roey , Uwamanzu‐Nna Augusta , Han Isaac , Griswold Kettner , Barry Nick , Thompson David B. , Kohman Richie E. , Woolley Ann E. , Karlson Elizabeth W. , Walt David R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) manifests with high clinical variability and warrants sensitive and specific assays to analyze immune responses in infected and vaccinated individuals. Using Single Molecule Arrays (Simoa), we developed an assay to assess antibody neutralization with high sensitivity and multiplexing capabilities based on antibody‐mediated blockage of the ACE2‐spike interaction. The assay does not require live viruses or cells and can be performed in a biosafety level 2 laboratory within two hours. We used this assay to assess neutralization and antibody levels in patients who died of COVID‐19 and patients hospitalized for a short period of time and show that neutralization and antibody levels increase over time. We also adapted the assay for SARS‐CoV‐2 variants and measured neutralization capacity in pre‐pandemic healthy, COVID‐19 infected, and vaccinated individuals. This assay is highly adaptable for clinical applications, such as vaccine development and epidemiological studies.
Vertical Graphene Arrays as Electrodes for Ultra‐High Energy Density AC Line‐Filtering Capacitors
Authors: Xu Shichen , Wen Yeye , Chen Zhuo , Ji Nannan , Zou Zhigang , Wu Mingmao , Qu Liangti , Zhang Jin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHigh‐frequency responsive electrochemical capacitor (EC), as an ideal lightweight filtering capacitor, can directly convert alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). However, current electrodes are stuck in limited electrode area and tortuous ion transport. Herein, strictly vertical graphene arrays (SVGAs) prepared by electric‐field‐assisted plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition have been successfully designed as the main electrode to ensure ions rapidly adsorb/desorb in richly available graphene surface. SVGAs exhibit an outstanding specific areal capacitance of 1.72 mF cm−2 at Φ120=80.6° even after 500 000 cycles, which is far better than that of most carbon‐related materials. Impressively, the output voltage could also be improved to 2.5 V when using organic electrolyte. An ultra‐high energy density of 0.33 μWh cm−2 can also be handily achieved. Moreover, ECs‐SVGAs can well smooth arbitrary AC waveforms into DC signals, exhibiting excellent filtering performance.
Ecological risk assessment of elasmobranchs caught in the Gulf of Papua prawn fishery
Authors: Baje Leontine , Chin Andrew , White William T. , Simpfendorfer Colin A. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

One‐third of all elasmobranch species currently known to occur in Papua New Guinea are taken as bycatch in the Gulf of Papua trawl fishery. An ecological risk assessment was conducted on the 16 species of sharks and 23 species of rays caught by the fishery.
Eight species were classified to be at low risk, 28 species were at medium risk while three species – Rhynchobatus palpebratus (eyebrow wedgefish), Carcharhinus coatesi (Australian blackspot shark) and Maculabatis astra (blackspotted whipray), all endemic to New Guinea and northern Australia – faced the highest level of risk from the fishery at current fishing levels.
There is potential for more vessels to enter the fishery in future, which is likely to elevate the risk for a greater proportion of elasmobranch species. Ongoing monitoring of bycatch levels, supported by biological and ecological studies on frequently caught species, is required to assess and manage risk in the future.
The development and use of trawl excluder devices or bycatch reduction devices in this fishery have the potential to reduce bycatch levels and reduce risk levels.
A Tri‐state Fluorescent Switch with “Gated” Solid‐state Photochromism Induced by an External Force
Authors: Qian Chen , Ma Zhimin , Liu Jianwei , Zhang Xue , Wang Shitao , Ma Zhiyong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMr. Chen Qian, Dr. Zhimin Ma, Mr. Jianwei Liu, Mrs. Xue Zhang, Prof. Shitao Wang and Prof. Zhiyong Ma. In this article, we report a newly designed molecule composed of a dihydroazulene (DHA) group and a phenothiazine (PTZ) moiety, which achieves aggregation‐induced emission enhancement (AIEE), mechanochromism and “gated” solid‐state photochromism upon stimulation by an external force. Grinding loosens intermolecular interactions in the crystal and causes a red‐shift of fluorescence from 570 nm to 600 nm. Meanwhile, the ring‐opening reaction of DHA unit is activated by grinding and a remarkable photochromism could be observed from the grinded powder. The reddish emission of the grinded powder peaked at 600 nm weakened gradually and finally became dark, and a new absorption band at 470 nm emerged in the absorption spectra. Time‐dependent density functional theory (TD‐DFT) calculation results reveal that the intramolecular intramolecular charge‐transfer (ICT) process is replaced by a locally excited (LE) emission on the DHA group, which leads to the quenching of fluorescence. Its impressive photochromic property inspired us to a simple but effective way to develop an encryption system which can let the correct information be displayed upon external stimulation.
(Re)envisioning considerations for disabled community college students
Authors: Nachman Brett Ranon , Wilke Autumn K. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWhile community colleges enroll high proportions of disabled students, limited research exists on considerations that college personnel should account for in meeting disabled students’ varied needs and strengths. This article explores the impacts of policies and processes on disabled community college students and presents five policy‐related issues and recommendations on how various community college agents with the power to inform and enact policy, including administrators/staff, researchers, and instructors, can best serve disabled community college students.
Carbazole‐Containing Carbadecaphyrins: Non‐aromatic Expanded Porphyrins that Undergo Proton‐Triggered Conformational Changes
Authors: Zhou Weinan , Hao Mengdi , Lu Tian , Duan Zhiming , Sarma Tridib , Sessler Jonathan L. , Lei Chuanhu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA pair of meso‐unsubstituted expanded carbaporphyrins containing two carbazole moieties were prepared in high isolated yields (82 and 76 %, respectively). The two macrocycles, namely 3 and 4, differ with respect to their substitution at the carbazole N‐atoms i. e. by H and i‐Bu, respectively. As prepared in their free‐base forms, macrocycles 3 and 4 adopt figure‐of‐eight conformations and are best characterized as 40 π‐electron, non‐aromatic species possessing a decaphyrin(1.1.0.0.0.1.1.0.0.0) skeleton. Protonation of 3 with either trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) or perchloric acid (HClO4) produces a parallelogram‐shaped structure. A similar structure is produced when N‐functionalized system 4 is treated with TFA. In contrast, protonation of 4 with HClO4 leads it to adopt a twisted Möbius strip‐like structure in the solid state, thus allowing access to three distinct conformational states as a function of the conditions.
A Cation Chelation and Reassembly Route to Synthesize a P2‐type Na0.67Ni0.26Mn0.67Mg0.07O2 Cathode Material for High‐performance Sodium Storage
Authors: Xie Chouwei , Ma Xudong , Xu Ruimei , Wang Donghai , Yu Xiao , Liu Yong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractP2‐type Na2/3Ni1/3Mn2/3O2 (Na‐NM) is an appealing cathode candidate for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) but still suffers a fast capacity decay. Mg doping on the Ni‐site in Na‐NM cathode is an effective way to maintain structural stability, but how to achieve the uniform Mg dopant distribution is still a problem. Here, we report a facile cation chelation and reassembly route to prepare one‐dimensional Na0.67Ni0.26Mn0.67Mg0.07O2 (Na‐NMM) cathode material with uniform element distribution. When evaluated as a cathode material for SIBs, the lower cut‐off voltage could be set to 1.35 V so that an extra reversible capacity of 61 mAh g−1 is contributed from the Mn4+/Mn3+ couple between 2 and 1.35 V, and a total reversible capacity of 173 mAh g−1 is achieved between 4.25 and 1.35 V at 0.1 C. Moreover, the Na‐NMM cathode shows good cycling performance with a reversible capacity of 83 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 1 C.
Genetic progress in physiological and biochemical traits related to grain yield in Moroccan durum wheat varieties from 1984 to 2007
Authors: Boussakouran Abdelali , El Yamani Mohamed , Sakar El Hassan , Rharrabti Yahia 
Published: September 2021

AbstractKnowledge of the key physiological and biochemical traits related to genetic progress is essential to identify yield‐limiting factors and guide future breeding strategies. The aim of this research was to determine the rate of genetic gain in grain yield and physiological and biochemical traits in Moroccan durum wheat cultivars released from 1984 to 2007. Plants were subjected to two water regimes (irrigated and rainfed) during three growing seasons in order to identify those physiological and biochemical traits associated with grain yield. Grain yield (GY) and diverse physiological and biochemical traits known to be linked to mild drought stress were evaluated at anthesis and postanthesis. Physiological traits included stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (E), chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm), chlorophyll content in flag leaf (SPAD), canopy temperature depression (CTD), and relative water content (RWC), whereas biochemical characteristics were leaf proline and water‐soluble carbohydrates (WSC) content. Grain yield tends to increase linearly under irrigated conditions with a genetic gain of 1.75% yr−1, in contrast, no significant change was observed under rainfed conditions. Traits that significantly increased over time were leaf proline content, gs, E, CTD, and SPAD. The changes in GY under irrigated conditions were largely explained by increases in gs during anthesis and postanthesis, CTD at postanthesis, and by leaf proline content at anthesis. Although genetic gains in GY under rainfed conditions could not be detected, leaf proline content and E were strongly associated to GY under these conditions, suggesting their usefulness as selection criteria for GY in water‐limited environments.
Roosting ecology of endangered plant‐roosting bats on Okinawa Island: Implications for bat‐friendly forestry practices
Authors: Preble Jason H. , Vincenot Christian E. , Saito Kazuhiko , Ohte Nobuhito 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRoosting information is crucial to guiding bat conservation and bat‐friendly forestry practices. The Ryukyu tube‐nosed bat Murina ryukyuana (Endangered) and Yanbaru whiskered bat Myotis yanbarensis (Critically Endangered) are forest‐dwelling bats endemic to the central Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. Despite their threatened status, little is known about the roosting ecology of these species and the characteristics of natural maternity roosts are unknown. To inform sustainable forestry practices and conservation management, we radio‐tracked day roosts of both species in the subtropical forests of Okinawa's Kunigami Village District. We compared roost and roost site characteristics statistically between M. ryukyuana nonmaternity roosts (males or nonreproductive females), maternity roosts, and all M. yanbarensis roosts. Generalized linear models were used to investigate roost site selection by M. ryukyuana irrespective of sex and age class. Lastly, we compiled data on phenology from this and prior studies. Nonreproductive M. ryukyuana roosted alone and primarily in understory foliage. Murina ryukyuana maternity roosts were limited to stands >50 years old, and ~60% were in foliage. Myotis yanbarensis roosted almost entirely in cavities along gulch bottoms and only in stands >70 years old (~1/3 of Kunigami's total forest area). Murina ryukyuana maternity roosts were higher (4.3 ± 0.6 m) than conspecific nonmaternity roosts (2.3 ± 0.5 m; p < .001) and M. yanbarensis roosts (2.7 ± 0.5 m; not significant). Model results were inconclusive. Both species appear to be obligate plant roosters throughout their life cycle, but the less flexible roosting preferences of M. yanbarensis may explain its striking rarity. To conserve these threatened bats, we recommend the following forestry practices: (a) reduce clearing of understory vegetation, (b) refrain from removing trees along streams, (c) promote greater tree cavity densities by protecting old‐growth forests and retaining snags, and (d) refrain from removing trees or understory between April and July, while bats are pupping.
Bench Test of a Hydraulic Biofluid Based on Refined Pomace Oil
Authors: Fanigliulo Roberto , Bondioli Paolo , Fornaciari Laura , Folegatti Liliana , Grilli Renato , Benigni Stefano , Calderari Igor , Pochi Daniele 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper aims at investigating the possibility of replacing conventional hydraulic fluids with refined olive pomace oil added with a common food grade antioxidant, as hydraulic fluid for agricultural machinery. The fluid efficiency test is carried out using an experimental test rig based on a hydraulic system designed to apply severe work cycles (pressure values up to 40 MPa; temperatures up to 100 °C) to small oil volumes with the aim of strongly accelerating the ageing of the tested fluid. The fluid, added with 2 g kg−1 of antioxidant, apparently does not undergo any changes in chemical‐physical properties and maintains stable the technical performance of the test equipment during 530 h work cycle. This research has four different goals: i) to contribute to the circular economy, by using olive oil byproducts in agricultural environment; ii) to contribute to the reduction of environmental contamination by substituting petroleum products with natural biodegradable ones; iii) to contribute to avoid the presence of mineral products (such as saturated hydrocarbons, which could accumulate in human organs, and aromatic hydrocarbons, which are potentially genotoxic), as a residue in food products and in vegetable oils. iv) to identify alternative market possibilities for such a by‐product.Practical applications: The results of the study seem to indicate the possibility of using the olive pomace oil as hydraulic fluid, for example, in agricultural machinery, opening new market perspectives which would increase its added value.
Late Quaternary landscape evolution and paleoenvironmental implications from multiple geomorphic dryland systems, Orog Nuur Basin, Mongolia
Authors: Nottebaum Veit , Stauch Georg , van der Wal Jorien L. N. , Zander Anja , Schlütz Frank , Shumilovskikh Lyudmila , Reicherter Klaus , Batkhishig Ochirbat , Lehmkuhl Frank 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study investigates the late Quaternary development of the sedimentary system of Orog Nuur Basin in southern Mongolia. Geomorphological archives (lacustrine sediments and beach ridges, alluvial fans, aeolian deposits, peat) recorded palaeoenvironmental change from marine isotope stage (MIS) 7 to the late Holocene. Synthesizing the variety of archives allows a better understanding of geomorphological interactions in arid regions and palaeoenvironmental implications for the area. By performing palaeoshoreline mapping and dating, we identified eight palaeolake levels resulting in a refined lake level history of Orog Nuur. The highest reliably dated shoreline is about 56 m higher than today's lake level and provides evidence for a late MIS 5 lake level between 100 and 75 thousand years (ka). Reconstructions yield a minimum volume estimate of 24.5 km3, delineating a lake that is 153 times larger than that of today (0.16 km3). Massive lake extensions occurred also during MIS 3 and the Holocene. The geomorphological investigation reveals late MIS 5 and MIS 3 lake expansions were of similar magnitude. The palaeoenvironmental reconstruction from early Holocene archives indicates that lake expansion was caused by an increase in precipitation and meltwater inflow from the surrounding mountain systems. Afterwards, lake levels declined with some intermittent highstands during the mid‐Holocene (7–5 ka), indicating a general trend towards a lower water inflow throughout the Holocene. Palynological reconstructions of the alpine vegetation development reveal that mid‐Holocene highstands (c. 6.5 ka and 5.5 ka) were fed by higher precipitation in the nearby Gurvan Bogd range. Mountain silts, basin silty sands, and Holocene dune deposits provide further evidence for paleoenvironmental change. As controlling factors of the sedimentary system, we identified changes in effective moisture, higher precipitation values and the contribution of meltwater. Orog Nuur Basin archives are valuable for landscape and palaeoenvironmental reconstructions and for comparisons in supraregional reconstruction approaches.
Market inefficiencies surrounding energy announcements
Authors: Alturki Sultan , Kurov Alexander 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe use sequential energy inventory announcements to shed new light on the informational efficiency of financial markets. Our findings provide clear evidence of inefficiency in crude oil futures and stock markets. This inefficiency can be exploited by sophisticated traders. We examine the effect of market liquidity on the efficient incorporation of information in this setting. We also construct a predictor that can predict inventory surprises and preannouncement returns in‐sample and out‐of‐sample. Finally, we develop a combination forecast that can be used as a proxy for market expectations of oil inventory announcements.