bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Políticas públicas e currículo na vivência pedagógica da EJA: desafios, ações e novas perspectivas na Educação de Jovens e Adultos
Authors: Souza Camila De Jesus 
Published: March 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar e analisar a presença de políticas públicas e o currículo nas turmas de EJA (Educação de Jovens e Adultos), sendo realizado um estudo em uma escola do semiárido baiano, utilizando como metodologia a pesquisa qualitativa, e como instrumento de pesquisa o uso de questionário e análise documental. Dessa maneira constatamos que apesar de ser reconhecida como direito legalmente, no chão da escola a realidade da EJA ainda está longe da almejada em lei, por diversos entraves que permeiam o cotidiano tanto dos alunos como de professores e das escolas. Para mudar esse cenário deve-se partir da efetivação na prática das políticas públicas, entrelaçada com formações que levem a comunidade escolar a conhecer o que são e a importância das políticas públicas, somente dessa maneira poderemos alcançar o ensino emancipador, pautado na identidade e equidade. Palavras-chaves: Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA); Políticas públicas; Ensino. AbstractThis article aims to identify and analyze the presence of public policies and the curriculum in EJA (Youth and Adult Education) classes. A study was carried out in a school in the semi-arid region of Bahia, using qualitative research as a methodology, and, as an instrument of research, questionnaires and document analysis. Thus, we found that, despite being recognized as a legal right, the reality of EJA is still far from what is desired by law, due to several obstacles that permeate the daily lives of students, teachers and schools. In order to change this scenario, one must start putting into practice public policies, intertwined with formations that lead the school community to know what these policies and their importance are. Only in this way can we achieve emancipatory education, based on identity and equity.Keywords: Youth and Adult Education (EJA); Public policy; Teaching.
Armação Baleeira de Itapocoroia na obra “Viagem á Província de Santa Catharina (1820)” do naturalista Auguste de Saint-Hilaire
Authors: Bosignari Vinícius , Machado Letícia Stiehler 
Published: March 2021

As armações baleeiras representaram uma importante atividade econômica para o Brasil em meados do século XVIII e início do século XIX. O presente artigo teve como objetivo analisar a condição político-administrativa-social da Armação Baleeira do Itapocoroia, situada no estado de Santa Catarina, a partir do relato do viajante Saint-Hilaire. Para tanto, utilizou-se como metodologia a análise do documento através de bibliografias sobre o tema e outras fontes do período. Por fim, pode-se perceber o caráter desbravador do pesquisador francês através da descrição geográfica do local. A partir disso, pode-se inferir que existiam três instâncias diferentes na organização da armação. São elas: a instância administrativa, a de caça e produção de derivados da baleia e a de moradia. Além disso, o trabalho desenvolvido por Saint-Hilaire é uma importante fonte para os estudos sobre a pesca da baleia no litoral catarinense, principalmente sobre a Armação de Itapocoroia.Palavras-chave: Armação Baleeira; Itapocoroy; Santa Catarina; Saint-Hilaire. AbstractWhaling stations represented an important economic activity for Brazil in the mid-18th and early 19th centuries. This article aimed to analyze the political-administrative-social condition of Whaling stations Itapocoroia, located in the state of Santa Catarina, based on the account of the traveler Saint-Hilaire. For that, the source analysis was used as methodology through bibliographies on the theme and other sources of the period. Finally, one can perceive the pioneering character of the French researcher through the geographical description of the place. From this, it can be inferred that there were three different instances in the organization of the frame. They are: the administrative, whaling and production of whale products and housing. In addition, the work developed by Saint-Hilaire is an important source of studies on whaling on the coast of Santa Catarina, mainly in Itapocoroia.Keywords: Whaling stations; Itapocoroy; Saint Catherine; Saint-Hilaire.
Benjamin e Fanon: experiência e descolonização
Authors: Oliveira da Rosa Amilcar Alexandre 
Published: March 2021

Neste artigo, analiso alguns aspectos dos pensamentos de Walter Benjamin e de Frantz Fanon e as possíveis interlocuções entre ambos a partir da noção de experiência. Para Benjamin, os oprimidos têm que se libertar das experiências que produzem um “estado de exceção”, que na verdade é a regra das relações entre opressores e oprimidos, em desfavor destes. Para Fanon, não há como libertar-se da experiência dos corpos e das mentes negras, porque é da própria experiência destes que brotará a consciência ontológica do ser negro, de onde começará a ser construída a superação da condição de oprimido. Em ambos, é a condição humana que está em questão, uma condição analisada à luz da descolonização dos corpos e mentes negros em Fanon. Palavras-chave: Descolonização, Experiência, Walter Benjamin, Frantz Fanon. AbstractIn this paper, I analyze some aspects of Walter Benjamin and Frantz Fanon's thoughts and the possible interlocutions between both from the notion of experience. For Benjamin, the oppressed have to free themselves from experiences that produce a “state of exception” which, seen as such is, in fact, the rule of relations between oppressors and oppressed, to the detriment of the latter. For Fanon, there is no way to free oneself from the experience of black bodies and minds, because it is from the very experience of the black being that the ontological consciousness of the black being will emerge, from where the overcoming of the oppressed condition will begin to be built. In both, it is the human condition that is in question, a condition analyzed in the light of the decolonization of black bodies and minds according to Fanon.Keywords: Decolonization, Experience, Walter Benjamin, Frantz Fanon.
“Um embaixador gordo e autoritário, megalômano e inteligente”: Uma análise da representação do Barão do Rio Branco em Os Bruzundangas de Lima Barreto
Authors: Filho Fabio Wroblewski 
Published: March 2021

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a representação satírica feita por Lima Barreto em seu livro Os Bruzundangas do Barão do Rio Branco como o personagem Visconde de Pancome. Será discutida de que forma o personagem reflete a atuação do Barão enquanto ministro e intelectual. Também será abordada a formação do corpo diplomático bruzundanga e a política externa desta república fictícia. É feita uma análise em torno da imaginação de um homem do começo do período republicano, utilizando para tanto o conceito de representação ficcional da realidade. Dessa forma, o presente estudo identifica na fonte literária uma perspectiva mais crítica ao Barão, que é geralmente tido como um herói nacional, evidenciando o ponto de vista de Lima Barreto, um observador dissidente de seu contexto. Palavras-chave: Barão do Rio Branco; Lima Barreto; Os Bruzundangas. AbstractThe objective of this study is to analyze the satirical representation made by Lima Barreto in his book Os Bruzundangas of the Baron of Rio Branco as the character Viscount of Pancome. Some aspects of how the character reflects the actions of the Baron as a minister and intellectual will be debated. The formation of the bruzundanga diplomatic body and the foreign policy of this fictional republic will also be approached. An analysis surrounding the imagination of a man from the beginnings of the republican period is done, using the concept of fictionalization of the reality. According to this, the present study identifies in the literary source a more critical perspective about the Baron, who is usually seen as a national hero, as it underlines Lima Barreto’s point of view, a dissident observer.Keywords: Baron of Rio Branco; Lima Barreto; Os Bruzundangas.
Liberdade e igualdade para as mulheres na perspectiva da anarquista Emma Goldman
Authors: Conceição Andrea Da 
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo tem como finalidade apresentar alguns aspectos de uma investigação acerca do percurso político intelectual da anarquista Emma Goldman (1860- 1940), centrando a reflexão, em especial, no pensamento goldminiano sobre o universo de dominação em que a mulher estava inserida, destacando seus principais algozes: o Estado e a Igreja. De fato, é inegável que a trajetória vivenciada pela anarquista influenciou sua forma de ver e escrever sobre o mundo, principalmente a sua defesa da emancipação feminina a partir da quebra de pressupostos morais, de modo a possibilitar que a mulher conseguisse sua liberdade a partir de um processo de tomada de consciência. Nesse percurso, a emancipação sexual e intelectual, bem como o amor livre e a maternidade voluntária, emergiam como valores positivos a serem adotados.Palavras-chave: Anarquismo; liberdade; emancipação feminina. AbstractThis paper presents some aspects of an investigation about the intellectual political trajectory of the anarchist Emma Goldman (1860-1940), focusing the reflection, in particular, on Goldminian though on the universe of domination in which the woman was inserted, highlighting its main executioners: the State and the Church. It is undeniable that the trajectory experienced by the anarchist influenced her way of seeing and writing about the world, especially her defense of female emancipation through the breaking of moral assumptions, to enable women to achieve her freedom from a process of becoming aware. Along this path, sexual and intellectual emancipation, as well as free love and voluntary motherhood, emerged as positive values to be adopted.Keywords: Anarchism; freendom; female emancipation.
A política externa e o projeto nacional da Frelimo no cinejornal moçambicano Kuxa Kanema (1978-1981)
Authors: De Oliveira Barbosa Pedro 
Published: March 2021

O cinejornal moçambicano Kuxa Kanema, produzido pelo órgão estatal Instituto Nacional de Cinema, era utilizado pela Frelimo, partido único do país, como um instrumento de propaganda e de promoção do projeto político nacional. Nesse sentido, a narrativa construída pelo mesmo em relação à política externa pode ser observada se moldando aos objetivos políticos do movimento em diferentes contextos. Entre 1978 e 1979, quando buscava estabelecer um projeto marxista-leninista e se preparava para uma Guerra Civil que ainda se iniciava, um discurso de aproximação com o chamado “Bloco Soviético” pode ser percebido. Já em 1981, quando essa busca por aproximação se mostrou frustrada a partir de uma negativa na candidatura do país ao COMECON, a Frelimo apelou para uma política externa mais aberta e focada nos interesses regionais do país.Palavras-chave: Kuxa Kanema, Política Externa, Samora Machel, Frelimo. AbstractThe Mozambican film newspaper Kuxa Kanema, produced by the state agency Instituto Nacional de Cinema, was used by Frelimo, the country's only party, as an instrument for propaganda and promotion of the national political project. In this sense, the narrative constructed by the same in relation to foreign policy can be observed as being shaped to the political objectives of the movement in different contexts. Between 1978 and 1979, when he sought to establish a Marxist-Leninist project and was preparing for a Civil War that was still beginning, a discourse of rapprochement with the so-called "Soviet Bloc" can be perceived. Already, in 1981, when this search for rapprochement proved frustrated by the country’s lack of candidacy for COMECON, Frelimo called for a more open foreign policy focused on the country's regional interests.Keywords: Kuxa Kanema, Foreign Policy, Samora Machel, Frelimo.
Lassa virus: characterization of infectious agent, biological models for pathogenesis studies and variants of vaccine
Authors: Kazachinskaya E. I. , Aripov V. S. , Zaikovskaya A. V. , Shestopalov A. M. 
Published: March 2021

Lassa virus (LASV) is classified into genus Mammarenavirus of Arenaviridae family. This virus is etiological agent of Lassa fever (LF) which is widespread in Africa. On average, in four out of five infected people, LF occurs without symptoms. The annual incidence ranges from 100,000 to 500,000 registered clinical cases, at a mortality rate of 1-2%. Among hospitalized patients with severe symptoms of hemorrhagic fever, this figure may be from 14 to 89.5%. Signs of an adverse outcome in LF are open bleeding and disorders of CNS (convulsions, tremor, disorientation and coma). Death occurs from multiple organ failure. Severely ill people recover slowly and may have relapses and complications such as pneumonia, myocarditis, psychosis, and hearing loss.Transmission of the virus in endemic territories occurs by alimentary way, air-dust and airborne droplets from a zoonotic source – rodents of the species African multimammate rat (Mastomys natalensis), by accidental contacts of people with their secretions (urine, feces, saliva) as well as when butchering carcasses and eating rodents. These animals are characterized by asymptomatic carrier and life-long persistence of the virus. Cases of transmission of the virus from person to person through the blood or other body fluids of patients are described. A sick person is contagious for two months, because the virus circulates in the blood despite high levels of antibodies. Infection of medical staff occurs during emergency surgical operations, or when the rules of contact precautions are not observed. Currently, with the ongoing LF outbreak in Nigeria, since 2016, hospitals have registered mortality rates of 22 and 8% for patients and health workers, respectively. During 1969-2016, 33 imported cases of this disease were described from West Africa to non-endemic territories (in the USA, Canada, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Germany, Israel and Japan). The mortality rate among these patients was 39%.The lack of prophylactic vaccines and specific therapeutic drugs is the major challenge for the prevention of LF. Thus, this review considers biological models (cell cultures and animals) that are suitable for studying the pathogenesis of this disease, preclinical studies of the specific activity and harmlessness of candidate vaccines, as well as options for these developments based on the platforms such as inactivated LASV and its DNA, the reassortant of Mopeia arenavirus, and measles virus attenuated strains, recombinant and replication-defective viruses (smallpox vaccine, Venezuelan equine encephalitis, bovine vesicular stomatitis, adenovirus of chimpanzee) and virus-like particles.
Macrophage polarization in sarcoidosis
Authors: Malysheva I. E. , Tikhonovich E. L. , Oleinik E. K. , Topchieva L. V. , Balan O. V. 
Published: March 2021

Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology, characterized by the formation of epithelioid cell granulomas, multisystem lesions with a certain frequency of involvement of various organs, mainly the lungs (up to 90% of cases). Over the past decade, significant progress has been made in understanding the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis, the important role of immunological, genetic and environmental factors in the development of this pathology has been established. It is believed that the leading mechanism in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis is the aberrant activation of the innate and adaptive immune response to unidentified antigen(s), which leads to the development of granulomatous inflammation and the formation of granulomas. However, despite the huge number of studies that has been carried out, the mechanisms and signaling pathways that control the development of the inflammatory process during the formation of granulomas and the progression of pathology have not been fully determined.This literature review examines the important role of various cytokines and T helper subpopulations in sarcoidosis. Particular attention is paid to the cells of innate immunity – macrophages in the pathogenesis of this disease. These cells play a key role in the formation of sarcoid granulomas and in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis. The macrophage population is characterized by plasticity and functional heterogeneity. In response to various signals from the microenvironment, macrophages are able to acquire certain phenotypes. The review considers the issues of polarization of macrophages, changes in the phenotype of these cells to subpopulations M1 (M1 phenotype; classically activated; pro-inflammatory) and M2 (M2 phenotype; alternatively activated, anti-inflammatory). These two cell populations are characterized by the expression of different markers on their surface, which allow these cells to differentiate from each other. The analysis of literature data on the levels of key polarizing cytokines for macrophages and cells-producers of these cytokines that patients with sarcoidosis have, in acute and chronic course of the disease, was carried out.Important aspects of the alternative activation of macrophages of the M2 phenotype and their division into subtypes: M2a, M2b, M2c, M2d are noted. The features of various subtypes’ activation of macrophages in this granulomatosis and their importance in the development and progression of pathology are considered. Studying the role of macrophages’ phenotypes, understanding the mechanisms by which the phenotypes of these cells are activated and modulated in various microenvironmental conditions, can contribute to the development and implementation into clinical practice of new therapeutic approaches for the treatment of sarcoidosis and many other forms of pathologies.
Kidney Function after Treatment for Childhood Cancer: A Report from the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study
Authors: Green Daniel M. , Wang Mingjuan , Krasin Matthew , Srivastava DeoKumar , Onder Songul , Jay Dennis W. , Ness Kirsten K. , Greene William , Lanctot Jennifer Q. , Shelton Kyla C. , Zhu Liang , Mulrooney Daniel A. , Ehrhardt Matthew J. , Davidoff Andrew M. , Robison Leslie L. , Hudson Melissa M. 
Published: March 2021

Significance Statement
Although associations of treatment for childhood cancer with acute kidney toxicity are well described, evidence informing late kidney sequelae is less robust. The authors evaluated the prevalence of and factors associated with increased odds for kidney impairment in a large cohort of adult survivors of childhood cancer diagnosed ≥10 years earlier. About 2.1% had stages 3–5 CKD. Factors associated with stages 3–5 CKD included treatment ever with a calcineurin inhibitor, increasing cumulative dose of certain chemotherapy agents, increasing volume of kidney irradiated to ≥5 or ≥10 Gy, nephrectomy (in patients who received radiation to the kidney) in models for higher–radiation therapy dose-volume exposures, and others. These findings may inform surveillance guidelines for survivors of childhood cancer and the design of future treatment regimens.

Background
Survivors of childhood cancer may be at increased risk for treatment-related kidney dysfunction. Although associations with acute kidney toxicity are well described, evidence informing late kidney sequelae is less robust.

Methods
To define the prevalence of and risk factors for impaired kidney function among adult survivors of childhood cancer who had been diagnosed ≥10 years earlier, we evaluated kidney function (eGFR and proteinuria). We abstracted information from medical records about exposure to chemotherapeutic agents, surgery, and radiation treatment and evaluated the latter as the percentage of the total kidney volume treated with ≥5 Gy (V5), ≥10 Gy (V10), ≥15 Gy (V15), and ≥20 Gy (V20). We also used multivariable logistic regression models to assess demographic and clinical factors associated with impaired kidney function and Elastic Net to perform model selection for outcomes of kidney function.

Results
Of the 2753 survivors, 51.3% were men, and 82.5% were non-Hispanic White. Median age at diagnosis was 7.3 years (interquartile range [IQR], 3.3–13.2), and mean age was 31.4 years (IQR, 25.8–37.8) at evaluation. Time from diagnosis was 23.2 years (IQR, 17.6–29.7). Approximately 2.1% had stages 3–5 CKD. Older age at evaluation; grade ≥2 hypertension; increasing cumulative dose of ifosfamide, cisplatin, or carboplatin; treatment ever with a calcineurin inhibitor; and volume of kidney irradiated to ≥5 or ≥10 Gy increased the odds for stages 3–5 CKD. Nephrectomy was significantly associated with stages 3–5 CKD in models for V15 or V20.

Conclusions
We found that 2.1% of our cohort of childhood cancer survivors had stages 3–5 CKD. These data may inform screening guidelines and new protocol development.
Specificity of chest computed tomography in COVID-19-associated pneumonia: a retrospective study
Authors: Korb T. A. , Gavrilov P. V. , Chernina V. Yu. , Blokhin I. A. , Aleshina O. O. , Mokienko O. A. , Morozov S. P. , Gombolevskiy V. A. 
Published: March 2021

Aim: To assess the specificity of COVID-19- associated pneumonia detection by radiologists using a chest CT scan.Materials and methods: From mid-February to early March 2020, 65 patients have been retrospectively selected from the Moscow City Clinical Hospital database; all of them had been treated in an inpatient facility with a verified diagnosis of COVID-19. In addition, 75 patients from the Unified Radiological Information Service have been randomly selected. In December 2019, these outpatients had been sent by an attending physician for a chest CT scan with suspected pneumonia. The imaging studies showed non-specific inflammation signs in the lungs. All 140 scans were analyzed by seven radiologists from different Russian cities, who independently categorized each study as “COVID-19” or “Other pneumonia”.Results: Chest computed tomography had a 92% specificity in the differential diagnosis of COVID-19-associated pneumonia, and its specificity in the general population is expected to be at least 80% with a high probability. The inter-rater variability was low (coefficient of variation for specificity 12.6%). The sensitivity in our study was 76.2%, and the coefficient of variation for sensitivity 23.5%. These findings are generally consistent with other studies. The primary study limitation is the absence of a sample with confirmed pneumonia caused by other viruses.Conclusion: Chest CT is highly specific for the detection of COVID-19-associated pneumonia.