bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metalinguistic tactics in the Hong Kong protest movement
Authors: Jones Rodney H. , Chau Dennis 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper explores the metalinguistic tactics used by Hong Kong protesters in 2014 and 2019 and how they reflected and exploited a range of dominant ideologies about language in the city. These tactics are considered both in terms of their rhetorical utility in the “message war” between protesters and authorities, and their significance in the broader sociolinguistic context of Hong Kong. The analysis reveals how such tactics entailed both opportunities and risks, allowing protesters to create shareable discursive artifacts that spread quickly over social media and to promote in-group solidarity and distrust of their political opponents, but also limiting their ability to broaden the appeal of their messages to certain segments of the population and implicating them in upholding language ideologies that promote exclusion and marginalization.
Be happy when your stomach is
Authors: Hoffmann Dorothea 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this paper I provide a description of the role of body-part terms in expressions of emotion and other semantic extensions in MalakMalak, a non-Pama-Nyungan language of the Daly River area. Body-based expressions denote events, emotions, personality traits, significant places and people and are used to refer to times and number. Particularly central in the language aremen‘stomach’,pundu‘head’ andtjewurr‘ear’ associated respectively with basic emotions, states of mind and reason. The figurative extensions of these body parts are discussed systematically, and compared with what is known for other languages of the Daly River region. The article also explores the grammatical make up of body-based emotional collocations, and in particular the role of noun incorporation. In MalakMalak, noun incorporation is a central part of forming predicates with body parts, but uncommon in any other semantic domain of the language and only lexemes denoting basic emotions may also incorporate closed-class adjectives.
Topological aspects of antiferromagnets
Authors: Bonbien V , Zhuo Fengjun , Salimath A , Ly O , Abbout A , Manchon A 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe long fascination that antiferromagnetic materials has exerted on the scientific community over about a century has been entirely renewed recently with the discovery of several unexpected phenomena, including various classes of anomalous spin and charge Hall effects and unconventional magnonic transport, and also homochiral magnetic entities such as skyrmions. With these breakthroughs, antiferromagnets stand out as a rich playground for the investigation of novel topological behavior, and as promising candidate materials for disruptive low-power microelectronic applications. Remarkably, the newly discovered phenomena are all related to the topology of the magnetic, electronic or magnonic ground state of the antiferromagnets. This review exposes how non-trivial topology emerges at different levels in antiferromagnets and explores the novel mechanisms that have been discovered recently. We also discuss how novel classes of quantum magnets could enrich the currently expanding field of antiferromagnetic spintronics and how spin transport can in turn favor a better understanding of exotic quantum excitations.
Effects of metallic underlayer on SERS performance of a metal film over nanosphere metasurface
Authors: Nguyen T V , Pham L T , Khuyen B X , Duong D C , Nghiem L H T , Nguyen N T , Vu D , Hoa D Q , Lam V D , Nguyen H M 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Metal film over nanosphere (MFON) metasurfaces have numerous applications, specifically as nanosensors for bio and chemical detection. Additionally, their interesting optical properties have also attracted the attention of many research groups. In this work, we study the influence of the metallic underlayer on the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect of the MFON structure. Two sets of MFON on silicon and mirror substrates were prepared for SERS measurement with rhodamine 6G. Experimental results show that the mirror layer boosts the SERS signal by two to five times. Finite difference time domain simulation was performed to gain insights into this improvement. Numerical results show that metallic underlayer helps to increase the concentration of the electric field at the hot spots. Moreover, it reflects the Raman signal via the extraordinary optical transmission channel of the MFON structure, improving the back-scattered Raman signal collection efficiency. Both of these effects can contribute to the increase of the SERS signal in agreement with the experimental results. More importantly, it provides an additional tool to tailor the optical properties of MFON metasurfaces.
Analysis of strength properties of 3D printed lightweight structures made of AlSi10Mg material
Authors: Andronov V , Šimota J , Pelikán L , Beránek L , Novák V 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The main aim of this article is to compare two approaches to decreasing the overall weight of components by using additive manufacturing from AlSi10Mg alloy. This optimization is advantageous as it lessens both the production time of parts (components) and overall costs, in key industries such as aviation. The first method used to reduce the weight of a structure is the implementation of lattice structures, which replace filled parts with selected structures of different shapes, while maintaining key properties of the original structure. The other method to decrease weight is the topological optimization of prepared samples. In this article, these two options have been compared. The specially designed sample was first optimized topologically. Subsequently, it was lightened using selected structures (Octet truss and Rhombic dodecahedron) in SW Magics with different lattice parameters. These samples were then printed using DMLS technology from AlSi10Mg on the ConceptLaser M2 Cusing system. The material used was analysed by SEM, and a particle size distribution was also performed. Furthermore, a three-point bending test was performed on the bodies produced in this way. The results of this test were analysed and evaluated in terms of load (bending force), depending on the type of sample and the volume/weight saved.
Effects of the process parameters on the formation of the Zn-enriched surface layer of Mg by thermochemical treatment in a medium containing ZnCl2
Authors: Bucki T , Konieczny M 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The fabrication of the Zn-enriched surface layer of Mg involved annealing of the Mg specimens in a contact with the paste containing ZnCl2. Annealing of the specimen at 440 °C for 120 min resulted in the formation of a surface layer with a complex structure. In the outer zone, dendrites of a solid solution of Zn in Mg were observed at a eutectoid matrix (an MgZn intermetallic phase and a solution of Zn in Mg). The inner, transition zone, which was located at the interface adjacent to Mg substrate, was composed of a solid solution of Zn in Mg. The use of various period of annealing time (30, 60, 90 and 120 min) showed that increasing the annealing time leads to an increase in the thickness of the layer. A similar structure of the layer was observed for each variant of the annealing time. The analysis for the specimen fabricated at 410 °C for 120 min showed that the use of lower temperature resulted in a formation of a thin layer, eutectoid in structure. When higher annealing temperature (470 °C) was used, the thick surface layer with an uneven thickness and containing macroscopic unevenness was produced on the specimen surface.
Comparison of laser and electron beam weldability of high-strength steels
Authors: Capek J , Kec J , Nemecek S , Trojan K , Ganev N , Cerny I 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Pressure vessels made of high-strength steels are usually welded by arc methods. The paper deals with the development of laser and electron thick-walled beam welding technology for the mentioned applications. The mechanical and structural properties of laser and electron beam welds of plates with a thickness of 5–20 mm are compared both with and without additional filling material. The study is completed with a detailed analysis of residual stresses and their relation not only to the used welding technology but also to the results in the weld area. Laser and electron beam welds achieve high mechanical values and sufficient fatigue life. Therefore, the technology has been verified and applied for welding the test pressure vessel.
Microstructure changes occurring in heat-resistant steels during severe plastic deformation and subsequent creep
Authors: Kral P , Dvorak J , Sklenicka V , Horita Z , Takizawa Y , Tang Y , Kucharova K , Kvapilova M , Svobodova M 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This work investigates creep and microstructure characteristics in P92 martensitic and 304L austenitic stainless steel after the imposing of large value of plastic strain. The as-received coarse-grained steels were strongly deformed at room temperature (RT) before tensile creep testing. The flat specimens were tested at 873 K and 923 K under different applied stresses. Microstructures were analysed by means of scanning electron microscope with EBSD (electron back-scatter diffraction) camera and transmission electron microscope. It was observed that application of severe plastic deformation (SPD) techniques at RT significantly reduces grain size and changes phase structure of 304L austenitic steel. The microstructure investigations revealed that the growth of new phases is enhanced in plastically deformed P92 martensitic and 304L austenitic stainless steels compared to their undeformed states. Creep results showed that the mean grain size of SPD-processed steels is still near ultrafine-grained region even after long-term creep testing and the coarsening of microstructure is predominantly influenced by creep time and strain.
Evaluation of the usefulness of rotors for aluminium refining
Authors: Kuglin K. , Kalisz D 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Refining of liquid aluminium by blowing with an inert gas is one of the most effective methods of purifying liquid metal from hydrogen and non-metallic inclusions. In order to improve the efficiency of this process, it is necessary to develop a rotor design. The study compares rotors designed and their usefulness. For this purpose, the theoretical number of nozzles, the amount of gas per nozzle and the gas bubble radius were calculated.
Comparison of high temperature corrosion resistance of NiCr-based coatings applied by High Velocity Oxygen Fuel and Twin Arc Spray processes
Authors: Lencová K. , Mušálek R. , Lukáč F. , Vostřák M. , Česánek Z. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
High temperature corrosion in a molten sodium sulfate salt environment is a serious problem of coal-fired boiler components. The promising possibility for surface protection is to apply thermally sprayed coatings. However, the key to success is to choose the optimal material and the proper spraying technology for a given application. Therefore, this study is aimed at a comparison of the high temperature behaviour of two protecting NiCr-based coatings sprayed by different technologies on 1.4903 (W.nr.) chrome-molybdenum steel. NiCrMoWFe was deposited by High Velocity Oxygen Fuel technology (HVOF). Twin wire arc spray technology (TWAS) was used to deposit multi-layered “multicoat” consisting of NiCrMoNbTa and NiCrTi with ceramic overlay Armaguard coated by brush. Chrome-molybdenum steel 1.7715 (W.nr.) commonly used in coal-fired boiler was also exposed to the high temperature corrosion test to evaluate the potential benefit of the coating. Coated as well as the uncoated specimens were exposed to the molten salt environment 18% Na2SO4 and 82% Fe2(SO4)3 at 690 °C under cyclic condition. The thermogravimetric approach was used to determine kinetics of corrosion. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) techniques were used to analyze the corrosion products and determine the corrosion mechanism. The results of high temperature corrosion resistance show that NiCrMoWFe coated by HVOF and multicoat sprayed by TWAS was comparable.
Direct comparison between Co-28Cr-6Mo alloy prepared by Selective Laser Melting and traditional investment casting
Authors: Roudnicka M , Bigas J , Sreibr V , Palousek D , Vojtech D 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Thanks to high mechanical properties stable at elevated temperatures, high abrasion resistance, suitable corrosion resistance and biocompatibility, ternary cobalt alloy Co-28Cr-6Mo is a widely used material in the field of aviation industry and medical implants production. Due to the difficult formability and machinability of this alloy in combination with complex shapes of produced parts, investment casting is the mostly employed production process. However, additive manufacturing provides new processing opportunities. E.g. Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology fusing metallic powders by precisely focused and controlled laser beam enables the production of highly complex parts with high precision. In this contribution, we bring a direct comparison between the microstructures and mechanical properties of Co-28Cr-6Mo alloy prepared by SLM and investment casting. Due to significant differences in microstructure fineness and phase composition, SLM is revealed to increase not only material strength and hardness but concurrently plasticity. As a result of rapid solidification during SLM, very fine cellular microstructure with Mo microsegregation at cell walls is formed without the occurrence of any secondary phases. The distinctive microstructure of the additively manufactured alloy can be expected to be the cause of many other variances in the material behaviour.
Neural stem cell delivery using brain-derived tissue-specific bioink for recovering from traumatic brain injury
Authors: Bae Mihyeon , Hwang Do Won , Ko Min Kyung , Jin Yeona , Shin Woo Jung , Park Wonbin , Chae Suhun , Lee Hong Jun , Jang Jinah , Yi Hee-Gyeong , Lee Dong Soo , Cho Dong-Woo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Traumatic brain injury is one of the leading causes of accidental death and disability. The loss of parts in a severely injured brain induces edema, neuronal apoptosis, and neuroinflammation. Recently, stem cell transplantation demonstrated regenerative efficacy in an injured brain. However, the efficacy of current stem cell therapy needs improvement to resolve issues such as low survival of implanted stem cells and low efficacy of differentiation into respective cells. We developed brain-derived decellularized extracellular matrix (BdECM) bioink that is printable and has native brain-like stiffness. This study aimed to fabricate injured cavity-fit scaffold with BdECM bioink and assessed the utility of BdECM bioink for stem cell delivery to a traumatically injured brain. Our BdECM bioink had shear thinning property for three-dimensional (3D)-cell-printing and physical properties and fiber structures comparable to those of the native brain, which is important for tissue integration after implantation. The human neural stem cells (NSCs) (F3 cells) laden with BdECM bioink were found to be fully differentiated to neurons; the levels of markers for mature differentiated neurons were higher than those observed with collagen bioink in vitro. Moreover, the BdECM bioink demonstrated potential in defect-fit carrier fabrication with 3D cell-printing, based on the rheological properties and shape fidelity of the material. As F3 cell-laden BdECM bioink was transplanted into the motor cortex of a rat brain, high efficacy of differentiation into mature neurons was observed in the transplanted NSCs; notably increased level of MAP2, a marker of neuronal differentiation, was observed. Furthermore, the transplanted-cell bioink suppressed reactive astrogliosis and microglial activation that may impede regeneration of the injured brain. The brain-specific material reported here is favorable for NSC differentiation and suppression of neuroinflammation and is expected to successfully support regeneration of a traumatically injured brain.
On regularity of symbolic Rees algebras and symbolic powers of vertex cover ideals of graphs
Authors: Nanduri Ramakrishna 
Published: September 2021

In this work, we study the bigraded regularities of the symbolic Rees algebras

R
s

(
J
(
G
)
)
,

R
s

(
I
(
G
)
)

R_s(J(G)), R_s(I(G))

, of the vertex cover ideal

J
(
G
)

J(G)

and the edge ideal

I
(
G
)

I(G)

, of a graph

G
G

respectively. We give combinatorial upper bounds for the

(
1
,
0
)

(1,0)

-regularities of

R
s

(
J
(
G
)
)

R_s(J(G))

and

R
s

(
I
(
G
)
)

R_s(I(G))

. By using this upper bounds, we give general linear upper bounds for

r
e
g
(
J
(
G

)

(
k
)

)
,
r
e
g
(
I
(
G

)

(
k
)

)

reg(J(G)^{(k)}), reg(I(G)^{(k)})

for any

k
≥
1

k\geq 1

. Let

G
G

be a graph on

n
n

vertices and

deg
⁡
(
J
(
G
)
)

\deg (J(G))

be the maximum degree of minimal generators of

J
(
G
)

J(G)

. We show that if

G
G

is a non-bipartite graph, then

k
deg
⁡
(
J
(
G
)
)

≤

r
e
g
(
J
(
G

)

(
k
)

)

≤

k
deg
⁡
(
J
(
G
)
)
+

α
0

(
G
)
−
1
+

|

A
0

∪
{

x

i
1

,
…
,

x

i
r

}

|

−
r
,

\begin{equation*} k \deg (J(G)) \!\leq \! reg(J(G)^{(k)})\!\leq \! k \deg (J(G))+ \alpha _0(G)-1+|A_0\cup \{x_{i_1}, \ldots , x_{i_r}\}|-r, \end{equation*}

for all

k
≥
1

k \geq 1

, where

α
0

(
G
)

\alpha _0(G)

denotes the vertex cover number of

G
G

,

A
0

A_0

is a maximal independent set in

G
G

of maximal cardinality, and

r
r

is the number of

0
0

-covers that are present in an irreducible representation of the affine cone associated with the irreducible covers of

G
G

. Also if

G
G

is a non-bipartite perfect graph, then

2
k
≤
r
e
g
(
I
(
G

)

(
k
)

)
≤
2
k
+
n
−
r
+
1
,

\begin{equation*} 2k \leq reg(I(G)^{(k)})\leq 2k+n-r+1, \end{equation*}

for all

k
≥
1

k \geq 1

, where

r
r

is the number of

0
0

-covers of

Γ
(
G
)

\Gamma (G)

that are present in an irreducible representation of the affine cone associated with the irreducible covers of

Γ
(
G
)

\Gamma (G)

.
Elliptic equations in divergence form with drifts in 𝐿²
Authors: Kwon Hyunwoo 
Published: September 2021

We consider the Dirichlet problem for second-order linear elliptic equations in divergence form

−
d
i
v
(
A
∇
u
)
+

b

⋅
∇
u
+
λ
u
=
f
+
d
i
v

F

in
Ω

and

u
=
0

on
∂
Ω
,

\begin{equation*} -div(A\nabla u)+\mathbf {b} \cdot \nabla u+\lambda u=f+div\mathbf {F}\quad \text {in } \Omega \quad \text {and}\quad u=0\quad \text {on } \partial \Omega , \end{equation*}

in bounded Lipschitz domain

Ω
\Omega

in

R

2

\mathbb {R}^2

, where

A
:

R

2

→

R

2
2

A:\mathbb {R}^2\rightarrow \mathbb {R}^{2^2}

,

b

:
Ω
→

R

2

\mathbf {b} : \Omega \rightarrow \mathbb {R}^2

, and

λ
≥
0

\lambda \geq 0

are given. If

2
>
p
>
∞

2>p>\infty

and

A
A

has a small mean oscillation in small balls,

Ω
\Omega

has small Lipschitz constant, and

d
i
v
A
,

b

∈

L

2

(
Ω
;

R

2

)

divA,\,\mathbf {b} \in L^{2}(\Omega ;\mathbb {R}^2)

, then we prove existence and uniqueness of weak solutions in

W
0

1
,
p

(
Ω
)

W^{1,p}_0(\Omega )

of the problem. Similar result also holds for the dual problem.
Estimating the Complier Average Causal Effect in a Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials With Binary Outcomes Accounting for Noncompliance: A Generalized Linear Latent and Mixed Model Approach
Authors: Zhou Ting , Zhou Jincheng , Hodges James S , Lin Lifeng , Chen Yong , Cole Stephen R , Chu Haitao 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Noncompliance, a common problem in randomized clinical trials (RCTs), can bias estimation of the effect of treatment receipt using a standard intention-to-treat analysis. The complier average causal effect (CACE) measures the effect of an intervention in the latent subpopulation that would comply with their assigned treatment. Although several methods have been developed to estimate the CACE in analyzing a single RCT, methods for estimating the CACE in a meta-analysis of RCTs with noncompliance await further development. This article reviews the assumptions needed to estimate the CACE in a single RCT and proposes a frequentist alternative for estimating the CACE in a meta-analysis, using a generalized linear latent and mixed model with SAS software (SAS Institute, Inc.). The method accounts for between-study heterogeneity using random effects. We implement the methods and describe an illustrative example of a meta-analysis of 10 RCTs evaluating the effect of receiving epidural analgesia in labor on cesarean delivery, where noncompliance varies dramatically between studies. Simulation studies are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed method.
Prediction of whole-cell transcriptional response with machine learning
Authors: Eslami Mohammed , Borujeni Amin Espah , Eramian Hamed , Weston Mark , Zheng George , Urrutia Joshua , Corbet Carolyn , Becker Diveena , Maschhoff Paul , Clowers Katie , Cristofaro Alexander , Hosseini Hamid Doost , Gordon D Benjamin , Dorfan Yuval , Singer Jedediah , Vaughn Matthew , Gaffney Niall , Fonner John , Stubbs Joe , Voigt Christopher A , Yeung Enoch 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Motivation
Applications in synthetic and systems biology can benefit from measuring whole-cell response to biochemical perturbations. Execution of experiments to cover all possible combinations of perturbations is infeasible. In this paper, we present the host response model (HRM), a machine learning approach that maps response of single perturbations to transcriptional response of the combination of perturbations.

Results
The HRM combines high-throughput sequencing with machine learning to infer links between experimental context, prior knowledge of cell regulatory networks, and RNASeq data to predict a gene’s dysregulation. We find that the HRM can predict the directionality of dysregulation to a combination of inducers with an accuracy of &gt;90% using data from single inducers. We further find that the use of prior, known cell regulatory networks doubles the predictive performance of the HRM (an R2 from 0.3 to 0.65). The model was validated in two organisms, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, using new experiments conducted after training. Finally, while the HRM is trained with gene expression data, the direct prediction of differential expression makes it possible to also conduct enrichment analyses using its predictions. We show that the HRM can accurately classify &gt;95% of the pathway regulations. The HRM reduces the number of RNASeq experiments needed as responses can be tested in silico prior to the experiment.

Availability and implementation
The HRM software and tutorial are available at https://github.com/sd2e/CDM and the configurable differential expression analysis tools and tutorials are available at https://github.com/SD2E/omics_tools.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.