bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FEATURES OF FORECLOSURE ON INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AS COLLATERAL
Authors: Костянтин Оверковський  
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the features of foreclosure on industrial property rights as a pledged item. The purpose of the article is to substantiate proposals for improving the legislative regulation of the procedure for foreclosing property rights of industrial property as collateral. The article investigates the special legal literature and the current legislation in the field of pledging industrial property rights and foreclosure procedures.Based on the study, generalized methods of foreclosure are inherent to secured industrial property rights: judicial — sale of pledge through electronic bidding, out-of-court — by concluding an agreement on satisfying the requirements of the pledge holder. All out-ofcourtmethods of collection are analyzed, based on them a method is proposed that will correspond to the nature of industrial property rights, namely, conclusion of an agreement on satisfying the requirements of a pledge holder. Also, in the article, considercases where the out-of-court method of foreclosure on property rights of industrial property cannot be applied, and foreclosure should only take place in a judicial proceeding, these cases are proposed to be fixed in the Law on pledges.Given the specificity of industrial property rights, certain proposals are proposed to improve the collection of such rights in the enforcement proceedings. Thus, the assessment of intellectual property rights requires a different approach than the assessment of things, so it is proposed to supplement Part 3 of Art. 57 of the Law of Ukraine«On Enforcement Proceedings» is such an object of valuation as property rights of intellectual property.In order to regulate the procedure for the realization and enforcement of industrial property rights, the legal bases for the transfer of these rights and their state registration require systematic refinement, in particular by supplementing the relevant state registers in the field of industrial property by such types grounds for the transfer of rights, such as: a fixed-price bidding act, an electronic bidding act, an ordinance and act of transfer of property to a debt collector, an agreement on satisfying the requirements of a pledge holder.The conclusions suggest amendments to the current legislation regarding the issues discussed above.
Some aspects of establishing the conformity of an industrial design to the criteria for protection
Authors: Doroshenko Oleksandr , Rabotiahova Liudmyla 
Published: June 2021

Keywords: registered industrial designs, novelty, individual character, administrativeprocedure, invalidity
The new edition of the Law of Ukraine «On the Protection of Rights to Industrial Designs» No. 3770-XII,adopted on October 14, 2020, introduced significant changes to the regulation of thelegal protection of industrial designs. The basic norms of the law were harmonizedwith the articles 212−217 Chapter 9 «Intellectual Property» of the Association Agreementbetween Ukraine, on the one hand, and the European Union, the EuropeanAtomic Energy Community and their Member States, on the other hand. The conceptsof «individual character», «the overall impression», «the informed user» and «thedegree of freedom of the designer», «the circles specializing in the relevant industry»have been introduced into the sphere of legal protection. These concepts were not previouslyused in the legislation of Ukraine. The article analyzes the content of theseconcepts on the basis of European law enforcement practice, Decision of the EuropeanUnion Intellectual Property Office Board of Appeal, Judgment of the Court of Justiceof the European Union и Judgment of the General Court of the European Union. Inaccordance with the new edition of the Law, an industrial design can be declared invalidin an administrative procedure. Authors reviewed the administrative procedure
for establishing the conformity of a registered industrial design to the criteria for protection(a novelty and an individual character). A registered industrial design shall beconsidered to be new, if no identical design has been previously disclosed to the publicand to have an individual character if the overall impression it produces on the informeduser differs from the overall impression produced on such a user by any previouslydisclosed design. A design shall be deemed to have been made available to thepublic (i) if it has been published following registration or otherwise, or exhibited,used in trade or otherwise disclosed, (ii) except where these events could not reasonablyhave become known in the normal course of business to the circles specializing inthe relevant industry in Ukraine. Authors analyzed this two-step test. Particular attentionwas paid to the disclosure of industrial designs as a trade mark, copyrightwork, patent, utility model or otherwise on the Internet. Criteria for assessing disclosureof designs on the internet considered.
LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE INDIAN MODEL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PARKS AND SPECIFIC ECONOMIC ZONES AS THE KEY ELEMENTS OF THE INNOVATION STRUCTURE
Authors: Тетяна Постригань  
Published: June 2021

The article details important historical and legal aspects of the creation and operation of science and technology parks and specific economic zones as the major elements of the innovation structure in India, a set of measures that stimulate innovation.The author notes that in India much attention is paid to the formation of a common legal framework for innovation, established bodies, associations, funds that support companies.The author reviews the legislation of India on issues of activities of science and technology parks and specific economic zones, their features as innovative structures in India, legislation on technological innovations, tax benefit, exemption of export operations from duties and export taxes. The author traces the history of the development of legislation on science and technology parks and specific economic zones in India from the moment of their creation to modernity.The article is an exposure of the research on the state regulation of India’s innovation structure elements: research institutions, science and technology parks, and specific economic zones, problems in the legal regulation of activities, the reasons for the economic success of India as a whole and trends in the further development of elements of the innovation structure of the state.The author examined the current state of science and technology parks and India’s specific economic zones, the policy of tax and customs incentives for science and technology parks and specific economic zones, identified types of tax and customs benefits, the specifics of labor legislation, energy tariffs, preferential loans, and the overallprocess of state support for science and technology.The article discloses the tax benefits available to the Software under government STPI scheme presented to promote software exports, which has helped make India one of the world's leading centers for software and business outsourcing.
Agricultural Transformations and Their Influential Factors Revealed by Archaeobotanical Evidence in Holocene Jiangsu Province, Eastern China
Authors: Li Haiming , Liu Zhen , James Nathaniel , Li Xinsheng , Hu Zhujun , Shi Hongwei , Sun Liqiang , Lu Yong , Jia Xin 
Published: June 2021

The development and adoption of agriculture has been investigated for decades, and remains a central topic within archaeology. However, most previous studies focus on the crop’s domestication centers, leading to gaps in knowledge, particularly in transitional zones between these centers. This paper reviews published archaeobotanical evidence and historical documents to reconstruct the trajectory of agricultural systems in Holocene Jiangsu Province. Comparing these new results to paleoclimate information, historical documents, and archaeological data enables us to better understand the underlying influences of past agricultural development. Our results indicate that a warm and wet climate may have promoted ancient peoples to first settle in Jiangsu between 8,500 and 6,000 BP and adopt rice farming. The continuous warm and wet climate may have facilitated the rapid development and expansion of rice agriculture, ultimately contributing to large-scale human settlement in 6,000–4,000 BP in Jiangsu Province. Between 4,000 and 2,300 BP during a cooler and drier climate millet agriculture diffused southward, facilitating a mixed rice and millet agricultural system. This mixed farming supported a continuesd widespread settlement and population growth in Jiangsu. After 2,300 BP, political instability in north China resulted in further southeastward migration, advanced planting technology was brought about to south China, facilitating highly developed agricultural systems and rapid population expansion in Jiangsu. Population growth led to the establishment of Jiangnan as the regional economic center, where people chose high-yielding rice and wheat rather than millet.
SFRP5 Enhances Wnt5a Induced-Inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes
Authors: Mahmoud Dorra Elhaj , Kaabachi Wajih , Sassi Nadia , Mokhtar Amel , Moalla Myriam , Ammar Lobna Ben , Jemmali Samia , Rekik Sonia , Tarhouni Lamjed , Kallel-Sellami Maryam , Cheour Elhem , Laadhar Lilia 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundTissue derived fibroblast-like synoviocytes (td-FLS) are key actors in pannus formation and contribute to joint destruction and inflammation during rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Several members of the Wnt family, including Wnt5a, may contribute to RA td-FLS activation and can potentially serve as therapeutic targets.ObjectiveThe present work aimed to investigate the expression of Wnt5a signaling elements in RA td-FLS and their potential precursors (fluid derived (fd) FLS and fibrocytes). We also studied the role of Wnt5a in RA td-FLS pro-inflammatory activity and whether the inhibitor SFRP5 could restore Wnt5a-induced synovial dysfunction in vitro.Materials and MethodsThe levels of Wnt5a, SFRP5, Wnt5a receptors/coreceptors and Wnt5a pro-inflammatory targets were determined in cultured RA td-FLS, fd-FLS and fibrocytes using qPCR under basal conditions. The expression of pro-inflammatory molecules was assessed after RA td-FLS stimulation with Wnt5a and SFRP5 at different time points.ResultsOur data showed that td-FLS, fd-FLS and fibrocytes from patients with RA expressed similar levels of Wnt5a and a set of Wnt5a receptors/coreceptors. We also demonstrated that Wnt5a stimulated the expression of the pro-inflammatory targets, especially IL1β, IL8 and IL6 in RA td-FLS. Wnt5a-induced inflammation was enhanced in the presence of SFRP5. Furthermore, Wnt5a alone and in conjunction with SFRP5 inhibited the gene expression of TCF4 and the protein levels of the canonical coreceptor LRP5.ConclusionWnt5a pro-inflammatory effect is not inhibited but enhanced by SFRP5 in RA td-FLS. This research highlights the importance of carefully evaluating changes in Wnt5a response in the presence of SFRP5.
Clinical Profile, Pharmacological Treatment, and Predictors of Death Among Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients With Acute Kidney Injury: A Population-Based Registry Analysis
Authors: Gutiérrez-Abejón Eduardo , Martín-García Débora , Tamayo Eduardo , Álvarez F. Javier , Herrera-Gómez Francisco 
Published: June 2021

Introduction: One of the worst clinical outcomes of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was acute kidney injury (AKI).Methods: This manuscript presents results from a population-based registry study assessing treatment, comorbidities, and predictors of hospital death among COVID-19 patients with AKI from March 1st to May 31th, 2020. Death, oxygen delivery and ventilation, acute dialysis need, use of medications, and various clinical outcomes, in addition to the length of stay in the hospital and intensive care unit (ICU), were evaluated.Results: In Castile and Leon, the largest region of Spain, 10.87% of the patients admitted for COVID-19 (n = 7,307) developed AKI. These patients were known by having hypertension (57.93%), cardiovascular disease (48.99%), diabetes (26.7%) and chronic kidney disease (14.36%), and they used antibiotics (90.43%), antimalarials (60.45%), steroids (48.61%), antivirals (33.38%), anti-systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) drugs (9.45%), and tocilizumab (8.31%). Mortality among patients with AKI doubled that observed in patients without AKI (46.1 vs. 21.79%). Predictors of hospital death in COVID-19 patients with AKI were ventilation needs (OR = 5.9), treatment with steroids (OR = 1.7) or anti-SIRS (OR = 2.4), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) occurrence (OR = 2.8), and SIRS occurrence (OR = 2.5).Conclusions: Acute kidney injury is a frequent and serious complication among COVID-19 patients, with a very high mortality, that requires more attention by treating physicians, when prescribing medications, by looking for manifestations particular to the disease, such as SARS or SIRS.
Mycophenolate Mofetil in the Treatment of Steroid-Dependent or Frequently Relapsing Nephrotic Syndrome in Children: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Xiang Xin , Qiu Shi-Yuan , Wang Mo 
Published: June 2021

Objectives: This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in the treatment of steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS) or frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome (FRNS) in children.Methods: We searched for the studies especially the randomized controlled trials in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wan Fang database. The data were analyzed by Review Manager 5.3 software. We used the GRADE pro-Guideline Development Tool online software to evaluate the quality of evidence.Results: Finally, we identified 620 studies, of which we included five randomized controlled trials and one prospective cohort study with 447 children. The results showed the following: (1) the relapse-free survival rate within 1 year—the MMF group was superior to the levamisole group [ratio difference (RD) = 0.13, 95% CI (0.02, 0.24), P = 0.02] but not to the calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) group [RD = −0.27, 95%CI (−0.40, −0.14), P &lt; 0.0001]; (2) the number of relapses within 1 year—the MMF group was less than that in the CNIs and levamisole group [mean difference (MD) = −0.26, 95%CI (−0.45, −0.08), P = 0.005]; (3) the cumulative prednisone dosage—the MMF group was lower than that in the control group [standardized mean difference (SMD) = −0.32, 95%CI (−0.53, −0.11), P = 0.003]; (4) incidence of adverse reactions—there was no significant difference between the MMF group and the control group [RD = 0.02, 95%CI (−0.04, 0.09), P = 0.46].Conclusion: The therapy of mycophenolate mofetil in the treatment of SDNS or FRNS in children has a certain advantage in reducing the number of relapses and cumulative prednisone dosage within 1 year when compared with the CNIs and levamisole. However, due to the limited quantity and quality of the included studies, the conclusions above need to be confirmed by more high-quality randomized controlled trials.
The Role of Lung Function Testing in Newborn Infants With Congenital Thoracic Arterial Anomalies
Authors: Columbo Claudia , Landolfo Francesca , De Rose Domenico Umberto , Massolo Anna Claudia , Secinaro Aurelio , Santangelo Teresa Pia , Trozzi Marilena , Campanale Cosimo Marco , Toscano Alessandra , Capolupo Irma , Bagolan Pietro , Dotta Andrea 
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Congenital thoracic arterial anomalies (CTAAs), such as complete or incomplete vascular rings, pulmonary artery sling, and innominate artery compression syndrome, may cause severe tracheomalacia and upper airway obstruction. An obstructive ventilatory pattern at lung function testing (LFT) has been suggested in the presence of CTAA. The severity of obstruction may be evaluated by LFT. Little is known about the use of LFT in newborn infants with CTAA. The aim of our study is to evaluate the role of LFT in CTAA diagnosis.Methods: This is a retrospective study, conducted between February 2016 and July 2020. All CTAA cases for whom LFT was performed preoperatively were considered for inclusion. Tidal volume (Vt), respiratory rate, and the ratio of time to reach the peak tidal expiratory flow over total expiratory time (tPTEF/tE) were assessed and compared to existing normative data. Demographics and CTAA characteristics were also collected.Results: Thirty cases were included. All infants with CTAA showed a significantly reduced Vt and tPTEF/tE, compared to existing normative data suggesting an obstructive pattern.No significant differences were found for LFT between cases with a tracheal obstruction &lt;50% compared to those with tracheal obstruction ≥50%, or between cases with and without symptoms. Sixteen infants (53.3%) had respiratory symptoms related to CTAA. Of these, only two cases had also dysphagia.Conclusion: LFT values were significantly reduced in cases with CTAA before surgery. LFT represents a potential feasible and non-invasive useful tool to guide diagnosis in the suspect of CTAA.
Optimising Large Animal Models of Sustained Atrial Fibrillation: Relevance of the Critical Mass Hypothesis
Authors: Denham Nathan C. , Pearman Charles M. , Madders George W. P. , Smith Charlotte E. R. , Trafford Andrew W. , Dibb Katharine M. 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundLarge animal models play an important role in our understanding of the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation (AF). Our aim was to determine whether prospectively collected baseline variables could predict the development of sustained AF in sheep, thereby reducing the number of animals required in future studies. Our hypothesis was that the relationship between atrial dimensions, refractory periods and conduction velocity (otherwise known as the critical mass hypothesis) could be used for the first time to predict the development of sustained AF.MethodsHealthy adult Welsh mountain sheep underwent a baseline electrophysiology study followed by implantation of a neurostimulator connected via an endocardial pacing lead to the right atrial appendage. The device was programmed to deliver intermittent 50 Hz bursts of 30 s duration over an 8-week period whilst sheep were monitored for AF.ResultsEighteen sheep completed the protocol, of which 28% developed sustained AF. Logistic regression analysis showed only fibrillation number (calculated using the critical mass hypothesis as the left atrial diameter divided by the product of atrial conduction velocity and effective refractory period) was associated with an increased likelihood of developing sustained AF (Ln Odds Ratio 26.1 [95% confidence intervals 0.2–52.0] p = 0.048). A receiver-operator characteristic curve showed this could be used to predict which sheep developed sustained AF (C-statistic 0.82 [95% confidence intervals 0.59–1.04] p = 0.04).ConclusionThe critical mass hypothesis can be used to predict sustained AF in a tachypaced ovine model. These findings can be used to optimise the design of future studies involving large animals.
Completed Suicide With Violent and Non-violent Methods by the Elderly in Rural China: A Psychological Autopsy Study
Authors: Zhu Rong-Ting , Ma Zhen-Yu , Jia Cun-Xian , Zhou Liang 
Published: June 2021

Background: Late-life suicide is a severe public health problem in rural China; however, knowledge regarding the specific characteristics and risk factors for completed suicide via violent and non-violent methods among elderly individuals in rural China is limited.Methods: Subjects aged 60 years or older were selected from rural areas in Shandong, Hunan, and Guangxi provinces in China. This study was a 1:1 matched case-control design conducted by using the psychological autopsy method.Results: According to the univariate analyses, the presence of mental disorder, higher degree of depression, loneliness, lack of social support, hopelessness, impulsivity, and increased quantity of life events were associated with suicide in both violent and non-violent methods. For violent suicide, another risk factor was the lack of pesticides at home. For non-violent suicide, other risk factors were not currently married, family suicide history, and alcohol use disorder (P &lt; 0.05). Variables that remained in the logistic regression model were the severity of depressive symptoms for both violent and non-violent suicide. For non-violent suicide, the degree of hopelessness was another independent risk factor. In addition, violent suicides were more likely to lack pesticides at home, choose the spring season and have an increased quantity of life events than those who died by suicide via non-violent methods.Conclusion: The major risk factor for both violent and non-violent suicide was the severity of depressive symptoms. Suicide prevention measures that focus on depression among this vulnerable population are urgently needed. Moreover, the characteristics of suicides via violent methods differed from those via non-violent methods among elderly individuals. Suicide prevention efforts should be tailored to the specific characteristics of the different suicide methods utilized by older adults in rural areas.
High-Protein Energy-Restriction: Effects on Body Composition, Contractile Properties, Mood, and Sleep in Active Young College Students
Authors: Roth Christian , Rettenmaier Lukas , Behringer Michael 
Published: June 2021

Background: It is often advised to ensure a high-protein intake during energy-restricted diets. However, it is unclear whether a high-protein intake is able to maintain muscle mass and contractility in the absence of resistance training.Materials and Methods: After 1 week of body mass maintenance (45 kcal/kg), 28 male college students not performing resistance training were randomized to either the energy-restricted (ER, 30 kcal/kg, n = 14) or the eucaloric control group (CG, 45 kcal/kg, n = 14) for 6 weeks. Both groups had their protein intake matched at 2.8 g/kg fat-free-mass and continued their habitual training throughout the study. Body composition was assessed weekly using multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis. Contractile properties of the m. rectus femoris were examined with Tensiomyography and MyotonPRO at weeks 1, 3, and 5 along with sleep (PSQI) and mood (POMS).Results: The ER group revealed greater reductions in body mass (Δ −3.22 kg vs. Δ 1.90 kg, p &lt; 0.001, partial η2 = 0.360), lean body mass (Δ −1.49 kg vs. Δ 0.68 kg, p &lt; 0.001, partial η2 = 0.152), body cell mass (Δ −0.85 kg vs. Δ 0.59 kg, p &lt; 0.001, partial η2 = 0.181), intracellular water (Δ −0.58 l vs. Δ 0.55 l, p &lt; 0.001, partial η2 = 0.445) and body fat percentage (Δ −1.74% vs. Δ 1.22%, p &lt; 0.001, partial η2 = 433) compared to the CG. Contractile properties, sleep onset, sleep duration as well as depression, fatigue and hostility did not change (p &gt; 0.05). The PSQI score (Δ −1.43 vs. Δ −0.64, p = 0.006, partial η2 = 0.176) and vigor (Δ −2.79 vs. Δ −4.71, p = 0.040, partial η2 = 0.116) decreased significantly in the ER group and the CG, respectively.Discussion: The present data show that a high-protein intake alone was not able to prevent lean mass loss associated with a 6-week moderate energy restriction in college students. Notably, it is unknown whether protein intake at 2.8 g/kg fat-free-mass prevented larger decreases in lean body mass. Muscle contractility was not negatively altered by this form of energy restriction. Sleep quality improved in both groups. Whether these advantages are due to the high-protein intake cannot be clarified and warrants further study. Although vigor was negatively affected in both groups, other mood parameters did not change.