bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indoor cycling training in rehabilitation of patients after myocardial infarction
Authors: Gloc Dagmara , Nowak Zbigniew , Lis Agata Nowak- , Gabryś Tomasz , Szmatlan-Gabrys Urszula , Valach Peter , Pilis Anna 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background Standard endurance training used from the second stage of cardiac rehabilitation has many common features with indoor cycling training which is used in fitness clubs. In the study, an attempt was made to evaluate the usefulness of this form of training in a 24-day rehabilitation program for patients after myocardial infarction. The study examined a group of 64 patients (51.34 ± 8.02 years) who were divided into two groups: the IC group (32 patients aged 53.40 ± 4.31 years) with indoor cycling training instead of standard endurance training; and the ST group (32 patients aged 55.31 ± 6.45 years) performing standard training. The level of exercise tolerance (cardiopulmonary exercise testing on a treadmill – Bruce's protocol), hemodynamic indicators of the left ventricle (echocardiography) and blood lipid profile (laboratory test) were assessed.Results In the IC group there was a significant increase in the test duration (9.21 ± 2.02 vs 11.24 ± 1.26 min; p < 0.001), the MET value (9.16 ± 1.30 vs 10.73 ± 1.23; p = 0.006) and VO2max (37.27 ± 3.23 vs 39.10 ± 3.17 ml/kg/min; p < 0.001). Parallel changes were observed in the ST group, where the following parameters improved: the test duration (9.41 ± 0.39 vs 10.91 ± 2.22; p < 0.001), MET value (8.65 ± 0.25 vs 9.86 ± 1.12; p = 0.002) and VO2max (36.89 ± 6.22 vs 38.76 ± 3.44; p < 0.001). No statistically significant changes were found in the hemodynamic indices of the left ventricle and the lipid profile. Also, the intergroup analysis did not show any statistical significance.Conclusion Based on the research results, it was found that indoor cycling training in the second phase of cardiac rehabilitation is a safe form of therapy and therefore may be an interesting alternative method to the classic bicycle ergometer exercise in the stage of early cardiac rehabilitation.
Emerging Actions And Energy Strategies For Sustainable Development Of Sakarya City, Turkey: A SWOT Analysis
Authors: Tırmıkçı Ceyda Aksoy 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Turkey has been one of the earliest participants of the international climate policy process, since the Ministerial Conference on Atmospheric Pollution and Climate Change held in 1989. The country has prepared strategy documents, actions plans, sectoral policies and projects to detect and adapt climate change effects. However, any of this has not turned into a main plan to support climate change mitigation on an international scale. The purpose of this paper is to identify local climate change mitigation strategies of Sakarya city, Turkey by strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis. For this purpose, relevant information were gathered from Covenant of Mayors, greenhouse gas inventories of the city, National Energy Efficiency Action Plan, online workshop with 44 local stakeholders from private sector and local universities held on 13.10.2020. Results: Transportation sector action plans proposed within SWOT analysis promise to decrease local transportation-based emissions by 27% compared to 2017 and by 26% compared to 2030 business as usual (BAU) Scenario. Buildings sector action plans proposed within SWOT analysis promises to decrease local building-sector based emissions by 20% compared to 2017 and by 33% compared to 2030 BAU Scenario. All mitigation strategies proposed within SWOT analysis promises to decrease local total emissions by 24% compared to 2017 and by 28% compared to 2030 BAU Scenario.Conclusion: The results emphasize the importance of the cross-link between local adaptation and mitigation in terms of energy demand and energy-based emissions on national and international scale. This paper proposes that developing complete greenhouse gas inventories by accurate data within current technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT) and formulating climate change targets accordingly is the key to achieve the adaptation of local mitigation plans. In conclusion, it is emphasized that efforts to monitor, to report and to develop local mitigation legislations will determine the success rate of national sustainable development goals.
Rice breeding in the new era: comparison of useful agronomic traits
Authors: Soto Alejandro Hernandez , Echeverría-Beirute Fabián , Abdelnour-Esqu Ana , Gatica-Arias Andres , Valdez-Melara Marta 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Understanding agronomic traits at a genetic level enables the leveraging of this knowledge to produce crops that are more productive and resilient, have better quality and are adjusted for consumer preferences. In the last decade, rice has become a model to validate the function of specific genes, resulting in valuable but scattered information. Here, we aimed to identify particular genes in rice related to traits that can be targeted by different mutation techniques in the breeding of crops. We selected gain of function, misfunction, and specific mutations associated with phenotypes of agronomic interest. The review includes specific trait-related genes involved in domestication, stress, herbicide tolerance, pathogen resistance, grain number/quality/weight, plant structure, nitrogen use, and others. The information presented can be used for rice, other cereals, and orphan crops to achieve a superior and sustainable production in challenging farming conditions.
Determination Of Interactions Of Ferrihydrite-Humic Acid-Pb(II) System
Authors: Zhao Zhuanjun , Yao Liwei , Li Jie , Ma Xiangbang , Han Liangwei , Lin Zhiyuan , Guan Shuqi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Ferrihydrite often precipitates with humic acid in natural ways, affecting the fate of lead ions, the stabilization of humic acid and the aging process of ferrihydrite. A series of 2-line ferrihydrite-humic (Fh-HA) acid with varying C loadings has been prepared, the morphology and surface properties of Fh-HA organo-minerals have been characterized, the adsorption property of Pb ions onto Fh-HA has been studied. The results indicated a strong interference of HA to ferrihydrite. 2-line Fh dominated mineral phase in all samples, but with increasing C/Fe molar ratios the crystallinity gradually weakened, particles became smaller and SSA decreased significantly. The data of Mössbauer spectra confirmed C loading changed the unit structure of ferrihydrite. Fh-HA performed good adsorption properties to Pb(Ⅱ): high efficiency and big capacity, especially Fh-HA_2.0. pH had great effect on Lead uptake, the pH change not only affects the amounts of competitive ions in solutions, but also the dissociation and protonation of functional groups on the surface of Fh-HA. Sorption kinetics can be well modeled by a pseudo-second order model, and the process was controlled by film and intraparticle adsorption simultaneously. The adsorption isotherms can be well described by Freundlich isotherm model. The careful determination of Fe 2p, O 1s and Pb 4f spectra before and after lead adsorption showed mononuclear bidentate or binuclear bidentate ligands occurring on Fh-HA surface, forming stable inner-sphere complex. By comparison of Mössbauer spectra and TEM images, it revealed a slower evolution of iron oxide/oxyhydroxide phases in Fh-HA-Pb system compared to pure ferrihydrite with aging time, ferrihydrite transformed to a combination of ferrihydrite, goethite and hematite phases. in this study, the determination of C-Fe interaction, Pb fate influenced by Fh-HA and transformation of ferrihydrite would have a great implication to application of Fh-HA precipitates in remediation for soil or groundwater polluted by heavy metals.
A Multicriteria-based Integrated Framework for Sustainable Assessment of Contaminated Site Management Options
Authors: Wu Jin , Xiong Yanna , Ge Yinxin , Yuan Wenchao 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Contaminated site management is a multiple objective decision-making task that generally involves several factors, such as performance of technology, environmental effects, cost, and social influence. However, the decision on contaminated site management in China have been principally driven by practical factors such as cost and time. In this study, we adopted a sustainable assessment method and developed a multicriteria-based integrated framework that satisfy the requirement of green and sustainable development of contaminated site. We integrate remediation sustainable assessment and redevelopment sustainable assessment in one framework, and allows the optimization of indicators. The framework started with definition of site management type, then investigating site characterization, screening indicators, quantification of indicator, selecting assessment model, selecting primary options, assessment with uncertain analysis, and determine preferred options. To demonstrate the utility of the framework, results are presented in a contaminate site in southwest China for two management type, site remediation and site redevelopment. We used different approaches to evaluate the stability and robustness of assessment results, including Monte Carlo simulation, scenario analysis and sensitivity analysis. The demonstration showed that attention has to be paid to the proper description of the site, the principles of the procedure and the decision criteria.
3-Mercaptopyruvate Sulfurtransferase Represses Tumor Progression and Predicts Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Li Meng , Jin Qi , Chen Yishu , Zhang Jie , Gao Jianguo , Cen Li , Lin Yiming , Xu Chengfu , Li Youming , Yu Chaohui 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
The Factors Affecting the Physical Activity of the Health Care Workers of Iran University of Medical Sciences: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Hoveidamanesh Soodabeh , Tayefi Batool , Rampisheh Zahra , Khalili Narjes , Ramezani Mozhdeh 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: The low physical activity is a challenge in adults. A majority of adults spend many hours each week at work, so the workplace is a suitable site for health promotion and implementation of physical activity programs. This qualitative study was implemented to identify worksite physical activity barriers and facilitators from the perspective of the employees of the Iran University of Medical Science. Methods: In the present qualitative content analysis, five focus group discussions were held with the participation of 68 personnel of Iran University of Medical Sciences. Purposive sampling with maximum diversity was carried out for the study. Results: The analysis of the data led to the identification of three general themes, including challenges and barriers, strategies, and incentives (facilitators). The four main categories of challenges and barriers included policy-making and legislation, organizational factors, structural factors, and personal factors. Most barriers identified by the participants were placed in the personal factors and organizational factors categories. The strategies for increasing physical activity were identified in the following three categories: Policy-making and legislation, organizational factors, and environmental factors. The majority of the strategies proposed were placed in the organizational factors and policy-making and legislation categories.Conclusions: Increasing physical activity in the workplace as a strategy for the general promotion of physical activity in people requires interventions in different areas, especially with regard to organizational factors and policy-making and legislation.
Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Metal Tolerance Protein (MTP) Gene Family in Medicago Truncatula Under a Broad Range of Heavy Metals Stress
Authors: Sappah Ahmed H. El , Elbaiomy Rania G. , Li Jia , Yan Kuan , Wang Yu , Zhao Xia , Bingwen Wang , Zhu Yumin , Xianming Zhao , Abbas Manzar 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Metal tolerance proteins (MTP) encompass plant membrane divalent cation transporters to specifically participate in heavy metal stress resistance and minerals acquisition. However, the molecular behaviors and biological functions of this family in M. truncatula are scarcely known. We identified 12 potential MTP candidate genes and analyzed for a phylogenetic relationship, chromosomal distributions, gene structures, protein structures, gene ontology, and previous RNA-seq data. MtMTPs were classified into three major cation diffusion facilitator (CDFs) groups; Mn-CDFs, Zn-CDFs, and Fe/Zn-CDFs. Structural analysis of SlMTPs displayed high gene similarity within the same group where all of them have cation_efflux domain or ZT_dimer. RNA-seq and gene ontology analysis revealed a significant role of MTP genes during M. truncatula growth and development.MTP genes showed tissue-specific and variable expression levels under the stress of the following five divalent heavy metals (Cd2+, Co2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, and Fe2+). Expression levels of Fe2+/MtMTP11 and Mn2+/MtMTP4 were upregulated, while Mn2+/MtMTP5 was downregulated. In conclusion, MtMTP1.1, MtMTP1.2, and MtMTP4 play a key role under heat and heavy metal stress in M. truncatula.
Adoption of Solid Biomass Fuel for Cooking: Implication on Health Outcomes
Authors: Martey Edward 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) seven highlights the need to ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all. Improving access to reliable and affordable modern energy for cooking have far-reaching benefits on human health. This study examines the relationship between the adoption of solid biomass fuel (SBF) for cooking and health outcomes.MethodsThe study used a nationally representative household-level data from a survey of 14,009 households in Ghana. For the econometric analysis, a biprobit model was employed to estimate the effect of SBF adoption on health outcomes.ResultsThe results show that adoption of SBF increases the probability of a household reporting ill-health and reporting frequently to a health facility by 25% each, respectively.ConclusionsThe findings of the study imply that ensuring affordability of clean fuel will enable households in developing countries to transition from traditional biomass to clean cooking fuels. Government programs and policies that aim at encouraging the use of clean fuel for cooking must target private occupants and homeowners.
Bimetallic Co and Mn Supported on Hydroxyapatite Catalyst for Carbon Monoxide Oxidation at Lower Temperature
Authors: More Rahul , More Pavan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The series of bimetallic Co and Mn supported on hydroxyapatite catalyst were prepared by successive deposition method and examined for CO oxidation. The CO oxidation activity was compared with monometallic Mn/HAp and Co/HAp. The catalysts are characterized in detail and correlated to the oxidation activity. The XRD, XPS and TPR characterization showed the presence of more facile Co2+, Mn3+ and adsorbed oxygen due to the interaction between Mn and Co. The 0.4 mol Mn and 0.1 mol Mn deposited on HAp showed formation of maximum active species. The maximum CoO species was observed over bimetallic catalyst compared to the monometallic catalyst. These active lower the activation energy require for CO and oxygen. These species were responsible for the oxidation of CO at lower temperature compared to the remaining catalyst.
The Hsp70 Gene family in Solanum Lycopersicum; Genome-wide Identification and Expression Analysis Under Heavy Metals Stresses
Authors: Sappah Ahmed El , Abbas Manzar , Elrys Ahmed S. , Yadav Vivek , El-Sappah Hamza H. , Zhu Yumin , Huang Qiulan , Yu Wang , Soaud Salma A. E. , Xianming Zhao , Li Jia 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The Heat shock protein-70 (Hsp70) gene family is one of the protective mechanisms; however, it has not been widely studied in tomatoes. Therefore, the current study provides the first report genome-wide analysis of the Hsp70 gene family in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under five heavy metals (Cd2+, Co2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, and Fe2+) stresses. We identified 23 candidate genes of the Hsp70 gene family based on the PF00012 domain through bioinformatics studies, including gene structure, distribution, synteny, phylogenetic tree, protein-protein interactions, gene ontology, and previous RNA-seq data analysis followed by qRT-PCR analysis. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, the 23 candidate genes were classified into five subfamilies where the same subfamily contains similar SlHsp70 proteins. Many pairs of SlHsp70 gene duplications have appeared, consisting of tandem and segment duplication. In addition, analysis of previous RNA-seq besides the gene ontology gave us significant evidence about the vital roles of these genes during tomato development and growth. The SlHsp7s showed different responses, which were varied depend on different plant tissues and types of heavy metal. Some of the SlHsp70s were up-regulated after heavy metal exposure, such as Cd2+/SlHsp70-23 and Mn2+/ SlHsp70-8. Still, down-regulated others such as Fe2+/ SlHsp70-18. Finally, our gene expression analysis revealed the significant roles of the Hsp70s, especially, SlHsp70- 3, SlHsp70-8, SlHsp70-12, SlHsp70-19, and SlHsp70-23, with the different heavy metals treatments.
Potential of Topical Microemulsion Serum Formulations to Enhance In Vitro and Clinical Anti-Skin Wrinkle Benefits of Cordyceps Militaris Extracts
Authors: Marsup Pachabadee , Sirilun Sasithorn , Prommaban Adchara , Sri Suwannee , Neimkhum Waranya , Sirithunyalug Jakkapan , Anuchapreeda Songyot , To-anun Chaiwat , Chaiyana Wantida 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This research is the first to investigate the anti-skin wrinkle properties of Cordyceps mili-taris extracts both in vitro and in vivo. Anti-skin wrinkle activities of C. militaris were investigated by means of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), elastase, and hyaluronidase inhibitions. Microemulsions and topical serum formulation containing C. militaris extract were developed. The anti-skin wrinkle efficacy and irritation properties of the topical serum formulations were clinically investigated in human volunteers. Cordycepin was identified as a major component of C. miliaris extract that was responsible for MMP-1, elastase, and hyaluronidase inhibition. The C. miliaris water extract possessed the most potent inhibition on MMP-1 (77.9 ± 5.3%) and elastase (84.4 ± 4.0%). Interestingly, CW was as a potent MMP-1 and elastase inhibitor as oleanolic acid and EGCG. CW was incorporated into the microemulsion with the smallest internal droplet size (146.1 ± 1.5 nm) and further developed as a topical serum formulation. The resulting serum formulation effectively enhanced skin moisture (42.2 ± 14.2%), increased the skin elasticity (39.9 ± 7.3%), and induced no skin irritation in 30 human volunteers. The effectiveness on the skin was detected after 1 week of the applications. Therefore, it was suggested as an effective anti-skin wrinkle formulation.
Anti-metastatic Effect of GV1001 on Prostate Cancer Cells; Roles of GnRHR-mediated Gαs-cAMP Pathway and AR-YAP1 Axis
Authors: Kim Ji Won , Park Miso , Kim Suntae , Lim Sung Chul , Kim Hyung Shik , Kang Keon Wook 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR) transmits its signal via two major Gα-proteins, primarily Gαq and Gαi. However, the precise mechanism underlying the functions of Gαs signal in prostate cancer cells is still unclear. We have previously identified that GV1001, a fragment of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase, functions as a biased GnRHR ligand to selectively stimulate the Gas/cAMP pathway. Here, we tried to reveal the potential mechanisms of which GV1001- stimulated Gαs-cAMP signaling pathway reduces the migration and metastasis of prostate cancer (PCa) cells.Methods: The expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes was measured by western-blotting and spheroid formation on ultra-low attachment plate was detected after GV1001 treatment. In vivo Spleen-liver metastasis mouse model was used to explore the inhibitory effect of GV1001 on metastatic ability of PCa and the transwell migration assay was performed to identify whether GV1001 had a suppressive effect on cell migration in vitro. In order to demonstrate the interaction between androgen receptor (AR) and YAP1, co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP), immunofluorescence (IF) staining, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) were performed in LNCaP cells with and without GV1001 treatment.Results: GV1001 inhibited expression of EMT-related genes and spheroid formation. GV1001 also suppressed in vivo spleen-liver metastasis of LNCaP cells as well as cell migration in vitro. GV1001 enhanced the phosphorylation of AR and transcription activity of androgen response element reporter gene through cAMP/protein kinase A pathway. Moreover, GV1001 increased Ser-127 phosphorylation of YAP1 and its ubiquitination, and subsequently decreased the levels of AR-YAP1 binding in the promoter region of the CTGF gene. In contrast, both protein and mRNA levels of NKX3.1 known for tumor suppressor gene and AR-coregulator were upregulated by GV1001 in LNCaP cells. YAP1 knockout using CRISPR/Cas9 significantly suppressed the migration ability of LNCaP cells, and GV1001 did not affect the cell migration of YAP1-deficient LNCaP cells. On the contrary, cell migration was more potentiated in LNCaP cells overexpressing YAP5SA, a constitutively active form of YAP1, which was not changed by GV1001 treatment. Conclusions: Overall, this study reveals an essential role of AR-YAP1 in the regulation of PCa cell migration, and provide evidence that GV1001 could be a novel GnRHR ligand to inhibit metastasis of PCa via the Gas/cAMP pathway.
A Retrospective Study of the Prevalence of Virulence Factors of Escherichia Coli Causing Postweaning Diarrhoea in Spain.
Authors: Esteruelas Lorena Pérez , Mateos Miguel Claver , Uribe Pedro José Sánchez 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Postweaning diarrhoea is one of the most prevalent disease which occurs after weaning. The aim of the study reports the prevalence of virulence factors of Escherichia coli from clinical cases of postweaning diarrhoea on Spanish pig farms based on PCR directly from pooling of faeces samples. A total of 328 pig farms with acute cases of postweaning diarrhoea were sampled, between January 2018 and December 2020. These farms were all located in Spain. Animals were selected based on clinical signs (diarrhoea, dehydration, and increased mortality). A total of 984 four- to eight-week-old pigs within the first 24 hours of the acute phase of the disease were sampled and three rectal swabs were collected from three different pigs on each farm.Results: A total of 328 farms with PWD cases were analyzed between 2018 and 2020. The classification was based on the presence or absence of the different Escherichia coli’s virulence factors. Only 1.2% (4 out of 328) of farms were negative for all the Escherichia coli’s virulence genes. Adhesin involved in diffuse adherence was the most prevalent adhesion factor (68.6%) followed by F18 (67.7%) and F4 (53.4%). Conclusions: the present study shows the high prevalence Escherichia coli in postweaning diarrhoea cases. There is a high degree of variability in the Escherichia coli’s virulence factors within country as well as differences between countries. Further Investigation is needed to fight against postweaning diarrhoea since the use of zinc oxide will be withdrawn from veterinary medicinal products on 26 June 2022 [26,27]and the responsible use of antibiotics is being regulated very closely to be used only when is necessary.