bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dysregulation of ferroptosis may involve in the development of non‐small‐cell lung cancer in Xuanwei area
Authors: Li Guangjian , Yang Jiapeng , Zhao Guangqiang , Shen Zhenghai , Yang Kaiyun , Tian Linwei , Zhou Qinghua , Chen Ying , Huang Yunchao 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe Xuanwei area of Yunnan Province, China, is one of the regions suffering from the highest occurrence and mortality rate of lung cancer in the world. Local residents tend to use bituminous coal as domestic fuel, which causes serious indoor air pollution and is established as the main carcinogen. After the local government carried out furnace and stove reform work, lung cancer rate including incidence and mortality among residents remains high. We herein wonder if there are specific mechanisms at protein level for the development of non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in this area. We investigated the changes of protein profiling in tumour of the patients from Xuanwei area. Tandem mass tag (TMT) was employed to screen the differential proteins between carcinoma and para‐carcinoma tissues. We identified a total of 422 differentially expressed proteins, among which 162 proteins were significantly up‐regulated and 260 were downregulated compared to para‐carcinoma tissues. Many of the differentially expressed proteins were related to extracellular matrix (ECM)‐receptor interaction, focal adhesion, PI3K/AKT pathway and ferroptosis. Further experiments on the two differential proteins, thioredoxin 2 (TXN2) and haptoglobin (HP), showed that the change of their expressions could make the lung cancer cell lines more resistant to erastin or RSL‐induced ferroptosis in vitro, and promote the growth of tumour in nude mice. In conclusion, this study revealed that aberrant regulation of ferroptosis may involve in the development of lung cancer in Xuanwei area.
AIMP3 inhibits cell growth and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma through activating a miR‐96‐5p‐AIMP3‐p53 axis
Authors: Ding Liting , Fang Yang , Li Yong , Hu Qinghua , Ai Meiling , Deng Keyu , Huang Xuan , Xin Hongbo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAminoacyl‐tRNA synthetase‐interacting multifunctional protein‐3 (AIMP3) is a tumour suppressor, however, the roles of AIMP3 in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are not explored yet. Here, we reported that AIMP3 significantly inhibited the cell growth and metastasis of NSCLC (lung adenocarcinoma) in vitro and in vivo. We have firstly identified that AIMP3 was down‐regulated in human NSCLC tissues compared with adjacent normal lung tissues using immunohistochemistry and western blot assays. Overexpression of AIMP3 markedly suppressed the proliferation and migration of cancer cells in a p53‐dependent manner. Furthermore, we observed that AIMP3 significantly suppressed tumour growth and metastasis of A549 cells in xenograft nude mice. Mechanically, we identified that AIMP3 was a direct target of miR‐96‐5p, and we also observed that there was a negative correlation between AIMP3 and miR‐96‐5p expression in paired NSCLC clinic samples. Ectopic miR‐96‐5p expression promoted the proliferation and migration of cancer cells in vitro and tumour growth and metastasis in vivo which partially depended on AIMP3. Taken together, our results demonstrated that the axis of miR‐96‐5p‐AIMP3‐p53 played an important role in lung adenocarcinoma, which may provide a new strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC.
Theorizing and Testing Cross‐Loading: The EU Common Foreign and Security Policy and Polish Concessions to Germany's Russia Policy
Authors: Czułno Patryk 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe article discusses the role of the European Union (EU) in facilitating concessions between member states which, paradoxically, pursue discrepant foreign interests. First, the article develops a theoretical framework for the under‐researched Europeanization model of cross‐loading. Here, strategic socialization, experiential learning, and policy transfer conceptualize how national actors adopt cooperative practices from the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) into their bilateral level. Meanwhile, rational institutionalism and the politics of scale help theorize tactical coalition‐ and consensus‐building specifically between discrepant national interests, with regard to states' complementary influence capabilities within the CFSP. Second, the article tests cross‐loading to confirm Poland's conciliatory Russia policy in 2008–14 as an EU‐induced concession to Germany. Arguably, Poland who pursued its strategic interests in the Eastern Partnership tactically adopted Germany's approach towards developing parallel EU–Russia policies. Poland thus recognized German skills to build consensus on the Eastern Partnership with stronger and Russian‐oriented member states.
Effects of periodontal management for patients with type 2 diabetes on healthcare expenditure, hospitalization and worsening of diabetes: an observational study using medical, dental and pharmacy claims data in Japan
Authors: Shin Jung‐ho , Takada Daisuke , Kunisawa Susumu , Imanaka Yuichi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimsTo investigate the effects of regular periodontal management for people with type 2 diabetes on total healthcare expenditure, hospitalization and the introduction of insulin.Materials and methodsWe collected data of individuals who were prescribed diabetes medications during the fiscal year 2015 from the claims database of a prefecture in Japan. We fitted generalized linear models that had sex, age, comorbidities and the status of periodontal management during the previous two years as predictors.ResultsA total of 16,583 individuals were enrolled. The annual healthcare expenditure in the third year was 4% less (adjusted multiplier 0.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.92–1.00) in the group receiving periodontal management every year. The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for all‐cause hospitalization was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.82–0.98). The aOR of introducing insulin in the third year for those who had not been prescribed insulin during the previous two years (n = 13,222) was 0.77 (95% CI: 0.64–0.92) in the group receiving periodontal management every year.ConclusionRegular periodontal management for diabetic people was associated with reduced healthcare expenditure, all‐cause hospitalization and the introduction of insulin therapy.
Tail regeneration alters the digestive performance of lizards
Authors: Sagonas Kostas , Deimezis‐Tsikoutas Aris , Reppa Aikaterini , Domenikou Iro , Papafoti Mirto , Synevrioti Konstantina , Polydouri Ioanna , Voutsela Anneta , Bletsa Aristoula , Karambotsi Niki , Pafilis Panayiotis , Valakos Efstratios D. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTissue regeneration is a fundamental evolutionary adaptation, which is well known in lizards that can regenerate their entire tail. However, numerous parameters of this process remain poorly understood. Lizard tail serves many functions. Thus, tail autotomy comes with many disadvantages and the need for quick regeneration is imperative. To provide the required energy and materials for caudal tissue building, lizards are expected to undergo a number of physiological and biochemical adjustments. Previous research showed that tail regeneration induces changes in the digestive process. Here, we investigated if and how tail regeneration affects the digestive performance in five wall lizard species deriving from mainland and island sites and questioned whether the association of tail regeneration and digestion is affected by species relationships or environmental features, including predation pressure. We expected that lizards from high predation environments would regenerate their tail faster and modify accordingly their digestive efficiency, prioritizing the digestion of proteins; the main building blocks for tissue repair. Second, we anticipated that the general food shortage on islands would inhibit the process. Our findings showed that all species shifted their digestive efficiency, as predicted. Elongation rate was higher in sites with stronger predation regime and this was also applied to the rate with which protein digestion raised. Gut passage time increases during regeneration so as to improve the nutrient absorbance, but among the islanders, the pace was more intense. The deviations between species should be attributed to the different ecological conditions prevailing on islands rather than to their phylogenetic relationships.
Electronic sensory assessment of bread enriched with cobia (Rachycentron canadum)
Authors: Fagundes Gilberto A. , Benedetti Simona , Pagani Maria A. , Fiorentini Angela M. , Severo Joseana , Salas‐Mellado Myriam 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe aim was to evaluate the sensory quality by electronic nose (EN) and tongue (ET) of bread added by cobia minced protein in differents times of storage. Two samples were elaborated: (a) control (FF—traditional bread); (b) added by 10% Cobia minced protein (FPN). The two samples of bread were analyzed from time “zero” (1 hr after being baked) to time “five” (120 hr). A Portable EN (PEN2) composed of 10 sensors was used. Operating conditions: flow rate 300 ml/min, injection time 60 min, flush time 180 min. To ET (Taste‐Sensing System SA402B) 5 sensors were used. All samples were analyzed twice and the average was analyzed by Principal Component Analysis, showing the relationship among the samples and the variables. The greatest differences between the odors were observed after 120 hr of storage. In the first 48 h, the EN was unable to differentiate the samples. The biggest differences of taste were observed at t0. In the other evaluation times, the samples reduced their differences. The use of electronic sensory methods showed promising. Confer greater specificity in the determination of odors and taste of products. Therefore, these tools can be used to improve the sensory characteristics of the new products, as enriched foods.Practical ApplicationsBread is a basic food of the world population, but it does not present a big quantity/quality protein content. Using fish protein concentrate in bread improves the nutritional quality of this product, however, in function of the physico‐chemical composition, fish and derivates may present a strong characteristic odor/taste, rejected by a large part of the population. The sensory characteristics of a product are determining factors for the choice and purchase by the consumers. Maintaining a permanent panel of trained evaluators takes high time and continuous costs, and is not entirely accurate. The use of technologies used by the electronic nose and tongue can assist in a greater standardization of food, especially when it involves the development of new products, ingredients, or differentiated raw ingredients, as made in this study.
Family separation and transnational fathering practices for immigrant Northern Triangle families
Authors: Roy Kevin , Yumiseva Martha 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe utilize insights from previous qualitative research to explore fathering among immigrant fathers from El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras (the Northern Triangle of Central America). We present a conceptual model of transnational fathering practices in order expand beyond common cultural frameworks that are used to examine within‐group differences for Latino fathers. We describe four key practices of transnational fathering: (1) negotiation of illegality, (2) providing from the shadows, (3) maintenance of transnational family networks, and (4) communication with mobile families via information technology. This model can expand our understanding of and practice with immigrant and refugee families who live between and within multiple national borders.
Dynamic diagnosis of early gastric cancer with microvascular blood flow rate using magnifying endoscopy (with video): A pilot study
Authors: Ueyama Hiroya , Yatagai Noboru , Ikeda Atsushi , Akazawa Yoichi , Komori Hiroyuki , Takeda Tsutomu , Matsumoto Kohei , Ueda Kumiko , Matsumoto Kenshi , Asaoka Daisuke , Hojo Mariko , Yao Takashi , Nagahara Akihito 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackground and AimMagnifying endoscopy (ME) diagnostic algorithm for early gastric cancer (EGC) relies on qualitative features such as microvascular (MV) architecture and microsurface structure; however, it is a “static” diagnostic algorithm that uses still images. ME can visualize red blood cell flow within subepithelial microvessels in real time. Here, we evaluated the utility of using the MV blood flow rate in combination with ME for the diagnosis of EGC as a retrospective study.MethodsPatients with differentiated‐type EGC (n = 10) or patchy redness (n = 10) underwent ME with blue laser imaging. The mean MV blood flow rates of EGC, patchy redness, and background mucosa were calculated by the mean movement distance of one tagging red blood cell using split images of ME with blue laser imaging videos. We compared the mean MV blood flow rate between EGC, patchy redness, and background mucosa and also calculated the MV blood flow imaging ratio (inside lesion/background mucosa) between EGC and patchy redness.ResultsMean MV blood flow rate was significantly lower in EGC (1481 μm/s; range 1057–1762) than in patchy redness (3859 μm/s; 2435–5899) or background mucosa (4140.6 μm/s; 2820–6247) (P < 0.01). The MV blood flow imaging ratio was significantly lower in EGC (0.39; 0.27–0.62) than in patchy redness (0.90; 0.78–1.1) (P < 0.01).ConclusionsDynamic diagnosis with MV blood flow rate using ME may be useful for the differential diagnosis of EGC and patchy redness. Endoscopic assessment of dynamic processes within the gastric mucosa may facilitate the diagnosis of EGC.
Market Discipline through Credit Ratings and Too‐Big‐to‐Fail in Banking
Authors: KOLARIC SASCHA , KIESEL FLORIAN , ONGENA STEVEN 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDo credit ratings help enforce market discipline on banks? Analyzing a uniquely comprehensive data set consisting of 1,081 rating change announcements for 154 international financial institutions between January 2004 and December 2015, we find that rating downgrades for internal reasons, such as adverse changes in the operating performance or capital structure of banks, are associated with a significant credit default swap spread widening. However, this widening only occurs for banks that are not perceived as to be Too‐Big‐to‐Fail (TBTF). Our findings question the reliability of credit ratings as a tool to discipline TBTF banks and suggest that regulatory monitoring should remain the main mechanism for disciplining these banks.
Desistance, Self‐treatment, or Substitution: Decisions about Cannabis Use During Pregnancy
Authors: Greyson Devon , Roosevelt Lee , Boyd Carol J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCannabis is the most commonly used drug during pregnancy in the United States and Canada, and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends that all pregnant individuals be screened for cannabis use and counseled regarding potential adverse health impacts of use. However, those considering or using cannabis during pregnancy report experiencing stigma and lack of information from health care providers and, thus, frequently rely on friends, family, and the internet for information. This article describes 3 types of decisions individuals may be making about cannabis use during pregnancy and suggests approaches health care providers may take to minimize judgment and provide optimal support for informed cannabis use decisions among pregnant individuals. Desistance decisions involve consideration of whether and how to reduce or stop using during pregnancy. Self‐treatment decisions are made by those exploring cannabis to help alleviate troublesome symptoms such as nausea or anxiety. Substitution decisions entail weighing whether to use cannabis instead of another substance with greater perceived harms. Health care providers should be able to recognize the various types of cannabis use decisions that are being made in pregnancy and be ready to have a supportive conversation to provide current and evidence‐based information to individuals making desistance, self‐treatment, and substitution decisions. Individuals making desistance decisions may require support with potential adverse consequences such as withdrawal or return of symptoms for which cannabis was being used, as well as potentially navigating social situations during which cannabis use is expected. Those making self‐treatment decisions should be helped to fully explore treatment options for their symptoms, including evidence on risks and benefits. Regarding substitution decisions, health care providers should endeavor to help pregnant individuals understand the available evidence regarding risks and benefits of available options and be open to revisiting the topic over time.
Low elbow mobility indicates unique forelimb posture and function in a giant extinct marsupial
Authors: Richards Hazel L. , Bishop Peter J. , Hocking David P. , Adams Justin W. , Evans Alistair R. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractJoint mobility is a key factor in determining the functional capacity of tetrapod limbs, and is important in palaeobiological reconstructions of extinct animals. Recent advances have been made in quantifying osteological joint mobility using virtual computational methods; however, these approaches generally focus on the proximal limb joints and have seldom been applied to fossil mammals.Palorchestes azaelis an enigmatic, extinct ~1000 kg marsupial with no close living relatives, whose functional ecology within Australian Pleistocene environments is poorly understood. Most intriguing is its flattened elbow morphology, which has long been assumed to indicate very low mobility at this important joint. Here, we tested elbow mobility via virtual range of motion (ROM) mapping and helical axis analysis, to quantitatively explore the limits ofPalorchestes' elbow movement and compare this with their living and extinct relatives, as well as extant mammals that may represent functional analogues. We find thatPalorchesteshad the lowest elbow mobility among mammals sampled, even when afforded joint translations in addition to rotational degrees of freedom. This indicates thatPalorchesteswas limited to crouched forelimb postures, something highly unusual for mammals of this size. Coupled flexion and abduction created a skewed primary axis of movement at the elbow, suggesting an abducted forelimb posture and humeral rotation gait that is not found among marsupials and unlike that seen in any large mammals alive today. This work introduces new quantitative methods and demonstrates the utility of comparative ROM mapping approaches, highlighting thatPalorchestes' forelimb function was unlike its contemporaneous relatives and appears to lack clear functional analogues among living mammals.
Botulinum toxin in treating Hailey‐Hailey disease: A systematic review
Authors: Zhang Hanlin , Tang Keyun , Wang Yuchen , Fang Rouyu , Sun Qiuning 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundHailey‐Hailey disease is a rare disorder characterized by recurrent painful blistering, erosions, maceration in the intertriginous regions. Botulinum toxin has been used in the treatment of Hailey‐Hailey disease.AimsThis study aimed to examine all published articles on botulinum toxin in the treatment of Hailey‐Hailey disease, and to evaluate its efficacy and safety.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were used to identify eligible articles on August 8, 2020. The searching strategy was “(Hailey Hailey or Hailey‐Hailey or pemphigus) and botulinum.”ResultsSixteen articles including 38 patients described the use of botulinum toxin in treating Hailey‐Hailey disease. Only one case had no response, while the other patients all had partial or complete remission. No side effects were reported. Nine articles including 10 patients mainly described other treatment options, and the patients were only treated with botulinum toxin previously. Their responses to botulinum toxin were limited: one was mild improvement, one was partial response, and the other eight failed.ConclusionBotulinum toxin is not almighty, but a promising alternative option. We recommend botulinum toxin as an adjuvant or supplemental treatment modality for severe and recalcitrant Hailey‐Hailey disease. Larger studies are warranted to confirm its efficacy, safety, long‐term effects, and cost performance.
Regional Cerebral Cortical Atrophy is Related to Urinary Tract Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Roh Haewon , Kang June , Hwang Soon‐Young , Koh Seong‐Beom , Kim Jong Hyun 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSELower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are the most common nonmotor symptoms usually occurring mid‐stage of Parkinson's disease (PD); however, its underlying mechanisms are unknown. We aimed to assess whether corticometry or volumetry can identify a pattern of cerebral cortical changes in PD patients with LUTS.METHODSWe recruited 85 idiopathic PD patients and performed corticometry and volumetry on various cortical regions using each patient's magnetic resonance imaging. To identify a correlation between the cortical thickness/volume and nonmotor symptoms scale domain 7 scores, which represent the severity of LUTS, we performed general linear model and region of interest analyses.RESULTSSignificant regional thinning of the left precuneus, left temporal pole, left precentral, right precuneus, and right pars opercularis was correlated with nonmotor symptoms scale domain 7 scores. We also found that cortical volumes of left precuneus and left frontal pole were inversely correlated with the severity of urinary symptoms.CONCLUSIONSThis study showed that the thicknesses and volumes of several cortical regions were significantly correlated with the severity of LUTS in PD patients. The findings of regional atrophy and thinning of specific cortical regions in this study provide additional evidence that multiple cortical regions, especially the precuneus cortex, not only may be involved in urinary dysfunctions of PD patients but also may help to elucidate the exact underlying mechanisms for LUTS in PD patients.
Neuroimaging Findings in Rabies Encephalitis
Authors: Bhat Maya Dattatraya , Priyadarshini Priyanka , Prasad Chandrajit , Kulanthaivelu Karthik 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSERabies encephalitis is a near‐fatal zoonotic disease that is usually diagnosed on clinical grounds in conjunction with characteristic history. Owing to its rapidly progressive nature, imaging is seldom performed, and hence a description of imaging findings in rabies encephalitis is anecdotal and limited.METHODSWe describe MRI findings in eight confirmed rabies cases that presented to our institute over the last 21 years.RESULTSMost of the patients' imaging patterns are in concordance with the described literature. However, we hereby demonstrate the involvement of novel structures like dentate nuclei, cranial nerves, and meninges besides the hot cross bun sign in the pons and the presence of diffusion restriction in many gray and white matter structures of the brain.CONCLUSIONKnowledge of the broad imaging spectrum of rabies may expedite the diagnosis, especially the paralytic form, which is prone to clinical misdiagnosis as Guillain‐Barre syndrome or acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.