bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spinal Tumor Surgery- Our Experiences of 35 Cases in a Peripheral Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Farazi Md Mohsin Ali , Khalil Md Ibrahim , Pal Shyamol , Uddin M Belal , Sorowar Moutusi 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Surgical outcome of spinal tumour varies depending on a number of factors such as: site of the tumour, compression within the spinal canal, the histological characteristics of the tumour, the neurological progression and initial response to corticosteroid therapy, patient’s age, comorbidity, tumour extension, involvement of neighboring structures and organs etc.
Materials & Methods: The 35 patients with spinal tumour underwent surgery by our team in 10 years (January 2009 - December 2018) were reviewed retrospectively.
Results: Analysis of the surgical outcome of our spinal tumour patients was done on different variables like age, sex, presenting symptoms, neuroimaging, comorbidities etc. The aim of surgery was decompression of the spinal cord, total removal of the tumour when possible and spinal stabilization when needed. Out of our 35 patients with spinal tumour, extradural tumour comprises 8, intradural extramedullary tumour 25 and intramedullary tumour 2.
Conclusion: The aim of this study is to analyze the data to made conclusion for more effective strategy as per site, size, type, resectibility and histological variety to establish and effective treatment protocol and prevention of per-operative and post-operative complications. Intradural extramedullary tumour can be radically resected with no mortality and minimal peri-operative morbidity. But resection of intramedullary spinal tumour is difficult, hazardous and usually incomplete, so needs much more skilled and meticulous surgical hands.
Medicine Today 2021 Vol.33(1): 38-41
Prevalence of Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Islam Kazi Mazharul , Ajmery Suny , Huda Mahumudul , Saleh Suporna , Jyoti Bhagyoshree Karmokar , Saha Tumpa 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Anemia in CKD is associated with cognitive impairment, sleep disturbances, CKD progression, cardiovascular co morbidities, and higher mortality. Direct healthcare costs are higher in CKD patients with anemia.The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of anemia in chronic kidney disease patients at a tertiary level teaching hospital in Dhaka.
Materials and Methods: It was an observational type of descriptive study, conducted in the Dhaka National Medical College, Dhaka, during the study period of January 2019 to April 2019. The study was approved by the institutional ethical committee.
Results: Most of the patients (44.56%) belonged to the middle age group 40 - 60 years. Male patients (64.40%) are suffering from more CKD than the female patients (35.50%). Most of the patients (58.41%) are anemic. 45% CKD patients also suffering from diabetes mellitus. Most of the patients (51.48%) treated with oral iron agents for anemia in CKD patients.
Conclusion: In this study most of the chronic kidney disease patients are anemic. Improving our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying anemia of CKD holds promise for developing pharmacological agents that more closely target the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of this disease for improved efficacy and reduced treatment related adverse outcomes.
Medicine Today 2021 Vol.33(1): 54-57
A Comparative Study on Serum Magnesium in Pre-eclampsia and Non Pregnant Women
Authors: Roy Heera Lal , Nargis Susmita , Ferdaus Farhana 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: There are many Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy like preeclampsia, eclampsia etc. Pre-eclampsia is the most common medical complication of pregnancy associated with increased maternal and infant mortality and morbidity. Some studies have implicated that low serum calcium levels may have a role in pre-eclampsia but other studies failed to find relation between low levels of these trace elements and pre-eclampsia.
Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College in collaboration with the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital during the period from January 2016 to December 2016. This Study was occured in among 31 pre-eclampsia patients, aged 20 to 40 years, and gestational age ranges from 20 to 40 weeks and 31 age matched normotensive non-pregnant women having no proteinuria. Serum magnesium was measured by Colorimetric method.
Results: The mean serum magnesium level was 3.24 (±1.42) mg/dl in pre–eclampsia and was 3.30 (±1.5) mg/dl in normal women. The mean serum magnesium level did not differ significantly between the subjects of pre–eclampsia and normal women (t=0; p<.05).
Conclusion: The means of both data sets are equal. So we can conclude that there is no significant difference between them.
Medicine Today 2021 Vol.33(1): 58-60
Bacterial and Viral Vaccination (non EPI) Coverage among Students in Three Educational Institutions in Bangladesh
Authors: Rawnuck Tanzila , Reza Md Selim , Monowar Sabiha 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: The implementation of the vaccine has already been shown to be a great success to reduce communicable diseases and its associated morbidity among human globally. The aim of this study was to figure out the actual rate of population who received non EPI bacterial and viral vaccines and to determine the risk factors associated with it.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted between September 2011 and August 2014 among 3600 students aged from 18 years to 24 years. Data of total 12 non EPI vaccines (5 bacterial - Cholera and ETEC diarrhea vaccine, Meningococcal, Pneumococcal, Tetanus and Typhoid; 7 viral- Chicken pox, Cervical vaccine, Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, Measles Mumps Rubella vaccine, Rota viral and Seasonal flu vaccine) were collected from the individuals’ vaccine cards. All vaccine timelines were categorized into timely, early, delayed and missed based on recommended time of vaccination. Different parameters were considered to determine the socio-demographic factors related to vaccination.
Results: Total of 3600 study population were selected from three different institutes. Percentage of rural students was almost 3.2 times higher than that of urban. About 1746(48.5%) student were from middle class family. About 2125(59.03%) of the participant’s had not adequate knowledge of vaccination. Out of 3600 study population for bacterial vaccine, rate of Tetanus vaccine was the highest in percentage which was 1248(34.67%). Percentage of other bacterial vaccines such as Cholera and ETEC diarrhea, Meningococcal, Pneumococcal and Typhoid vaccination percentages were only 27(0.75%), 29(0.81%), 111(3.08%) and 34(0.94%) respectively. Among viral vaccines, the highest receiving vaccine was Hepatitis B. 2763(76.75%) people were immune with hepatitis B vaccine. Percentage of Hepatitis A was 337(9.36%), Rota viral vaccine was 330(9.17%), Measles Mumps Rubella was 249(6.92%) and Chicken pox was 83(2.31%). The percentage was less in case of Cervical HPV and Seasonal flu vaccines which were 12(0.33%) and 20(0.56%) respectively.
Conclusion: Vaccines have proven the potential capability to reduce vaccine-preventable diseases, however, findings from the study show that people have still not been aware of non EPI bacterial and viral vaccines which can protect people from life threatening diseases and their complications.
Medicine Today 2021 Vol.33(1): 80-83
Comunicação do enfermeiro no cuidado ao parto: ótica de mulheres surdas
Authors: Reis Denise Elen Costa , Oliveira Émile Assis Miranda , Santos Flavia Pedro dos Anjos 
Published: March 2021

O estudo tem como objetivo compreender a percepção de mulheres surdas sobre a comunicação com o profissional enfermeiro no cuidado ao parto. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa, realizado com nove mulheres surdas. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de setembro a outubro de 2019, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada em Língua Brasileira de Sinais, mediante a participação de intérprete. Para a análise dos dados foi utilizada a análise de conteúdo, modalidade temática. Das entrevistas emergiram duas categorias: Entraves no cuidado em saúde às parturientes surdas e estratégias de comunicação do enfermeiro durante o parto de mulheres surdas. A percepção de mulheres surdas evidenciou a existência de obstáculos no processo de comunicação do enfermeiro durante o parto, ocasionados pelo desconhecimento sobre a Língua Brasileira de Sinais, inexistência de intérprete no ambiente hospitalar, o acompanhante como interlocutor na comunicação e o uso de máscara. Por sua vez, na tentativa de comunicar-se com a usuária surda, o enfermeiro utilizou gestos, leitura orofacial e a escrita em português; contudo, essas estratégias apresentaram-se bastante limitadas e não demonstraram efetividade para proporcionar uma comunicação de qualidade. Urge a necessidade de valorização, uso e difusão da Língua Brasileira de Sinais na formação e qualificação profissional do enfermeiro, para que ocorra a possibilidade de diálogo, sem interferência de terceiros como interlocutores na comunicação, o que contribuirá significativamente para o desenvolvimento de um cuidado ético e humanizado.
Liofilização e avaliação da estabilidade da polpa de manga ‘Ataulfo’
Authors: Costa Marylia Sousa , Figueiredo Neto Acácio , Gomes Josivanda Palmeira , Costa Josenara Daiane de Souza , Santos Vivianni Marques Leite dos , Coelho Bruno Emanuel Souza 
Published: March 2021

Com o intuito de desenvolver um produto de alta durabilidade e que não tenham alterações de suas características físico-químicas, nutricionais e sensoriais, objetivou-se com este trabalho estudar a produção de pós liofilizados a partir da manga da variedade ‘Ataulfo’ em três diferentes estádios de maturação (2, 3 e 4), bem como seu armazenamento em dois tipos de embalagens seguidas das análises de suas características físicas e físico-químicas. Os pós foram armazenados em duas embalagens uma laminada e outra de polietileno e seu armazenamento em temperatura ambiente, teve duração de 180 dias e a cada 30 dias eram feitas análises quanto a atividade de água (aw), umidade, cor (L*, a* e b*), vitamina c, sólidos solúveis (Brix°) e a acidez total titulável (ATT). Os resultados foram tabulados com o auxílio do software Assistat, e o delineamento utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial utilizando o teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade e análise de regressão. Com base nos resultados observou-se diferenças físicas e físico-químicas dos pós de polpa da manga ‘Ataulfo’ nos três diferentes estádios de maturação; que a liofilização é um processo de secagem eficiente e eficaz na desidratação da polpa de manga; e principalmente que a embalagem laminada funcionou durante todo o período de armazenamento como uma barreira promovendo a melhor preservação de um modo geral das propriedades físico-químicas dos pós.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Peserta Didik Melalui Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning Pada Pelajaran IPA Kelas VII
Authors: Lailatur Rohmah  
Published: March 2021

Abstract: This study aims to improve students' creative thinking skills in science lessons by applying learning models using Problem Based Learning. The research subjects were 32 students in class VII G. The classroom action research was conducted in three cycles. Each cycle consists of four stages of activity, including planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Written tests and questionnaires are used to measure creative thinking skills of cognitive and affective aspects. The results of the study were analyzed using descriptive percentage analysis and n-gain test to determine the increase in research results. Based on the results of the analysis, it is known that students' creative thinking abilities increased accompanied by an increase in classical learning completeness. The average percentage of creative thinking ability in the first cycle was 74.4%, the second cycle was 77.7%, and the third cycle was 81.5%. The percentage of completeness in the second cycle increased 9.4% and the third cycle increased 3.1% with the criteria of a low increase. It can be concluded that the Problem Based Learning model is able to improve the creative thinking skills of class VII G students in MTsN 5 Kediri.
Keywords: Problem Based Learning, the increase of creative thinking skill, science lessons.

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif peserta didik pada pelajaran IPA dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning. Subyek penelitian yaitu 32 peserta didik kelas VII G. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilaksanakan tiga siklus. Tiap siklus terdiri dari empat tahap kegiatan, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Tes tertulis dan angket digunakan untuk mengukur kemampuan berpikir kreatif aspek kognitif dan afektif. Hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif persentase dan uji n-gain untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil penelitian. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diketahui bahwa kemampuan berpikir kreatif peserta didik meningkat diiringi peningkatan ketuntasan belajar klasikal. Rata-rata persentase kemampuan berpikir kreatif pada siklus I sebesar 74,4%, siklus II 77,7%, dan siklus III 81,5%. Persentase ketuntasan pada siklus II meningkat 9,4% dan siklus III meningkat 3,1% dengan kriteria peningkatan rendah. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning mampu meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif peserta didik kelas VII G di MTsN 5 Kediri.
Kata Kunci: Problem Based Learning, peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kreatif, pelajaran IPA
Contact Lens Care: Past, Present and Future (a Literature Review)
Authors: Markosyan A. G. 
Published: March 2021

Introduction. The number of contact lens users continues to increase, exceeding the total of more than 125 million people in the world. The trend of modern vision correction with contact lenses is the creation of customized contact lenses and specialty lens care products that better meet the needs of patients of all age groups.Purpose. To study the evolution of contact lens care products, their properties, composition characteristics, reliability of cleaning and disinfection, advantages and disadvantages of multifunctional solutions and peroxide systems, compatibility with contact lens materials as well as the effct of contact lens care solutions on the eye microbiome based on a literature data review.Material and methods. The analysis of scientifi publications available on Pubmed, BCLA, Elibrary, Elsevier and Medline for the last 20 years was carried out; 48 sources of literature were analyzed.Results. The analysis of literature has shown that the evolution of both contact lenses and contact lens care products has tightened the control over the safety of wearing. We have studied not only the composition and characteristics of each component of contact lens care and disinfection systems, but also the properties of the eye microbiome and its changes whilst wearing contact lenses. It is noted that under otherwise equal conditions, peroxide systems for contact lens care provide more reliable protection against contamination of all types of lenses, as well as ensure a better disinfection, protecting the eye from possible microbial, toxic and allergic complications. We also analyzed patients’ behavior and identifid their concerns during the COVID-19 pandemic.Conclusion. The patient’s choice of a lens care product must be approved by contact lens specialist and ophthalmologist. Contact lens care products should ensure perfect cleaning, maximum disinfection, hydration and be compatible with lens materials; they should be selected taking into account the patient-specifi characteristics of the ocular surface, lifestyle and health condition. It is necessary to continuously educate and inform patients about the importance of lens care products, and special attention should be paid to care during a pandemic for the safe wearing of CL.
The Potential Regulatory Network of Glutamate Metabolic Pathway Disturbance in Chinese Han Withdrawal Methamphetamine Abusers
Authors: Peng Sufang , Su Hang , Chen Tianzhen , Li Xiaotong , Du Jiang , Jiang Haifeng , Zhao Min 
Published: March 2021

ObjectsTo explore the long-term influence of methamphetamine abuse on metabolomics character, with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GS-MS) technology, and the potential regulatory network using the bioinformatics method.MethodsForty withdrawal methamphetamine abusers (WMA) were recruited from Shanghai Gaojing Forced Isolation Detoxification Institute. Forty healthy controls (HC) were recruited from society. GS-MS technology was used to detect metabolic products in serum. A bioinformatics method was used to build a regulatory network. Q-PCR was used to detect the candidate gene expressions, and ELISA was used to detect the regulatory enzyme expressions.ResultsFour pathways were significantly changed in the MA compared to the HC: (1) the arginine synthesis pathway, (2) alanine, aspartic acid and glutamate metabolic pathway, (3) cysteine and methionine metabolic pathway, and (4) the ascorbate and aldarate pathway (enrichment analysis p &lt; 0.05, Impactor factor &gt; 0.2). When focusing on the ‘Alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism’ pathway, a regulatory network was established, and the expression of candidate regulatory genes and enzymes was verified. It was found that the expression of DLG2 (Discs large MAGUK scaffold protein 2), PLA2G4 (Phospholipase A2 group IVE), PDE4D (Phosphodiesterase 4D), PDE4B (Phosphodiesterase 4B), and EPHB2 (Ephrin type-B receptor 2) were significantly different between the two groups (p &lt; 0.05), However, after adjusting for age and BMI, only DLG2, PLA2G4, and EPHB2 remained significant (p &lt; 0.05). The expression of enzymes was not significantly different (p &gt; 0.05).ConclusionMethamphetamine abuse influences the metabolic process in the long term, and DLG2, PLA2G4, and EPHB2 may regulate the glutamate metabolism pathway.
Allergic Reactions to Serine Protease-Like Proteins of Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Nordengrün Maria , Abdurrahman Goran , Treffon Janina , Wächter Hannah , Kahl Barbara C. , Bröker Barbara M. 
Published: March 2021

In cystic fibrosis (CF) infectious and allergic airway inflammation cause pulmonary exacerbations that destroy the lungs. Staphylococcus aureus is a common long-term colonizer and cause of recurrent airway infections in CF. The pathogen is also associated with respiratory allergy; especially the staphylococcal serine protease-like proteins (Spls) can induce type 2 immune responses in humans and mice. We measured the serum IgE levels specific to 7 proteases of S. aureus by ELISA, targeting 5 Spls (76 CF patients and 46 controls) and the staphopains A and B (16 CF patients and 46 controls). Then we compared cytokine release and phenotype of T cells that had been stimulated with Spls between 5 CF patients and 5 controls. CF patients had strongly increased serum IgE binding to all Spls but not to the staphopains. Compared to healthy controls, their Spl-stimulated T cells released more type 2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13) and more IL-6 with no difference in the secretion of type 1- or type 3 cytokines (IFNγ, IL-17A, IL-17F). IL-10 production was low in CF T cells. The phenotype of the Spl-exposed T cells shifted towards a Th2 or Th17 profile in CF but to a Th1 profile in controls. Sensitization to S. aureus Spls is common in CF. This discovery could explain episodes of allergic inflammation of hitherto unknown causation in CF and extend the diagnostic and therapeutic portfolio.
Psoriasis and Diabetes, a Dangerous Association: Evaluation of Insulin Resistance, Lipid Abnormalities, and Cardiovascular Risk Biomarkers
Authors: Brazzelli Valeria , Maffioli Pamela , Bolcato Vittorio , Ciolfi Christian , D'Angelo Angela , Tinelli Carmine , Derosa Giuseppe 
Published: March 2021

Aims: Psoriasis is an immune-mediated dermatosis with cardio-metabolic comorbidities. The aim of this study was to assess insulin-resistance, lipid abnormalities, and cardiovascular risk biomarkers in psoriatic patients with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods and materials: We enrolled 425 patients: 86 psoriatics, 69 psoriatics with T2DM, 120 T2DM patients, and 150 healthy subjects. We measured the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), body mass index (BMI), insulin-resistance parameters [glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting plasma insulin (FPI), and with homeostasis model assessment index (HOMA index)], lipidic panel, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), homocysteine, soluble adhesion molecules, matrix metalloproteinase, and adipocytokines.Results: FPG, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR were higher in diabetics with psoriasis (p &lt; 0.0001) than in psoriatics. FPI levels were higher in diabetics with psoriasis than in diabetics and psoriatics (p &lt; 0.0001), and higher in psoriatics than controls (p &lt; 0.0001). Psoriatics and diabetics with psoriasis showed higher triglyceride and LDL-C levels (p &lt; 0.0001) than diabetics. Homocysteine was higher in psoriatics and diabetics with psoriasis (p &lt; 0.0001) than in diabetics. PAI-1 was higher in diabetics with psoriasis than diabetics (p &lt; 0.01). sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 were higher in diabetics with psoriasis than diabetics (p &lt; 0.001 and p &lt; 0.01) and psoriatics (p &lt; 0.001 and p &lt; 0.0001). Visfatin and resistin were lower in psoriatics (p &lt; 0.0001) and in diabetics with psoriasis (p &lt; 0.001 and p &lt; 0.0001, respectively) than diabetics.Conclusions: A limitation of this study is that there is a significant difference in mean age between controls and other study groups: the lack of matching between case and control groups may interfere with the external validity of the study findings. Despite this, the study highlights a pathogenetic link between psoriasis, considered a pre-diabetic condition, and diabetes. Insulin-resistance seems to be the keystone of psoriasis comorbidities. Psoriasis reinforces diabetes, causing a greater cardiometabolic risk.
The Effect of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Combined With Brachytherapy Before Radical Hysterectomy on Stage IB2 and IIA Cervical Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Dang Yun , Liu Qing , Long Lixia , Luan Hua , Shi Qingfang , Tuo Xunyuan , Tuo Shumei , Li Yilin 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveThis study aims to retrospectively evaluate and compare the clinical efficacy in patients with stage IB2 and IIA cervical cancer, who treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with brachytherapy or not before radical hysterectomy.MethodsThe data of patients who have diagnosed with stage IB2 and IIA cervical cancer between January 2010 and December 2013 were retrieved through the Hospital Information System (HIS) of Gansu Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital. Patients were divided into two groups: neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with brachytherapy followed by radical hysterectomy group (NACT+BT Group) and direct radical hysterectomy group (RH Group). The rate of adjuvant radiotherapy, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were compared between the two groups.ResultsA total of 183 patients were included in this study with 82 in the NACT+BT group and 101 in the RH group. The median follow up duration was 44.9 months for the NACT+BT group and 38.1 months for the RH group. The 5-year PFS for NACT+BT Group was 93.8%, which was significantly higher compared to the RH group (77.2%, P= 0.0202). The rate of postoperative adjuvant pelvic radiotherapy was significantly lower in the NACT+BT group compared to the RH group (30.49% vs 79.21%; P &lt;0.05). COX multivariate analysis showed that NACT+BT increased PFS by 29% compared with RH treatment, and Positive margin decreased PFS and OS by by 4.7 and 6.87 times, respectively.ConclusionNeoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with brachytherapy followed by radical hysterectomy (NACT+BT) can extend PFS, reduce postoperative pathological risk, and postoperative adjuvant pelvic radiotherapy compared to the direct radical hysterectomy (RH).