bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
hsa‐miR‐374b‐5p regulates expression of the gene U2AF homology motif (UHM) kinase 1
Authors: Mueller Ricarda , Bajric Denis , Keceli Huseyin G. , Keller Andreas , Dommisch Henrik , Elsharawy Abdou , Schaefer Arne S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to identify a microRNA (miRNA) that is significantly upregulated in blood and in cells of the oral mucosa upon exposure to the periodontitis main risk factors oral inflammation and tobacco smoke, to subsequently identify its target gene and to describe the molecular mechanism of gene regulation.BackgroundmiRNAs are associated with many disorders. Array‐based miRNA expression studies indicated a number of differentially expressed miRNAs in the pathology of oral diseases. However, these miRNAs mostly lacked replication, and their target genes have remained unknown.Methods863 miRNAs were analyzed in blood from 18 PD cases and 70 controls (Geniom Biochip). Selected miRNAs were analyzed for upregulation in the inflamed oral mucosa of PD patients using published miRNA expression profiling studies from gingival cells. hsa‐miR‐374b‐5p mimic was overexpressed in primary gingival fibroblasts (pGFs) from 3 donors, and genome‐wide mRNA expression was quantified (Clarion Array). Gene‐specific regulation was validated by qRT‐PCR and Luciferase activity in HeLa cells.Resultshsa‐miR‐374b‐5p showed >twofold change (FC) in 3 independent studies performed in blood, gingival tissues, and cells. After hsa‐miR‐374b‐5p overexpression, genome‐wide expression analysis showed UHMK1 as top 1 downregulated gene in pGFs (p = 2.5 × 10−04, fold change = −1.8). Reporter genes demonstrated that hsa‐miR‐374b‐5p downregulates mRNA levels (p = .02; FC = −1.5), leading to reduction in protein activity (p = .013, FC = −1.3).Conclusionshsa‐miR‐374b‐5p is upregulated in blood and ginvial cells exposed to oral inflammation and tobacco smoke and regulates UHMK1, which has a role in osteoclast differentiation.
Constructing the ‘Future of Work’: An analysis of the policy discourse
Authors: Schlogl Lukas , Weiss Elias , Prainsack Barbara 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAdvances in labour‐saving technology have sparked a public debate about the ‘Future of Work’. An important role in this debate is played by policy‐focused literature produced by institutions such as government agencies, international organisations, think tanks, and consulting firms. Using qualitative coding, the present study analyses this ‘grey’ literature (a total of 195 documents published in English 2013–2018) with a focus on what problem perceptions, frames, and policy recommendations prevail in this literature. We find that the dominant narrative treats technological advances as a prime cause of challenges in the labour market and places the main responsibility on the shoulders of individuals in the form of ‘upskilling’. We show how versions of this narrative vary across different types of institutions, what types of organisations are the most prolific publishers of policy papers in this space, and we offer a critique of dominant narratives within the ‘Future of Work’ discourse.
Bench thrombolysis and “autotransplantation” as a rescue treatment for venous thrombosis after living‐donor kidney transplantation
Authors: Ghidini Filippo , De Corti Federica , Leon Francesco Fascetti , Trojan Diletta , Parolin Mattia , Tognon Costanza , Castagnetti Marco , Vidal Enrico , Gamba Piergiorgio 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundAllograft venous thrombosis is a severe complication after kidney transplantation (KT). Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are crucial in preserving the survival of the allograft. In this study, we aimed to describe an emergent strategy for the management of acute allograft venous thrombosis.Case presentationA 4‐year‐old girl, weighing 13.5 kg, was diagnosed with bilateral congenital renal hypodysplasia, urogenital sinus and anorectal malformation. The patient was referred to our department for living‐donor KT. Her mother was eligible as a donor, presenting a body weight ratio of 1:4.5. Thrombosis of the inferior vena cava (ICV) was also identified, without any predisposing factor for thrombophilia. KT was performed by an extraperitoneal approach without complications. Venous anastomosis required a human vascular graft sutured to the ICV, and renal artery was anastomosed to the aorta. On postoperative day (POD) 8, acute abdominal pain and hematuria led to the diagnosis of an allograft venous thrombosis. An emergent laparotomy was required to explant the allograft, followed by bench surgery. The allograft was irrigated with thrombolytic agents and lactated Ringer's solution and then after removing the venous vascular graft, it was reimplanted through vascular anastomosis with the ICV and aorta. The recovery of perfusion and function was good with diuresis since day 4 after re‐surgery. At 2‐year follow‐up, the child presented normal allograft function with an estimated GFR of 65 ml/min/1.73 m2.ConclusionAccording to our experience, explantation of the kidney allograft, followed by irrigation with thrombolytics in bench surgery, and reimplantation resulted in unexpected optimal outcomes in the case of allograft venous thrombosis.
Left temporal pole contributes to creative thinking via an individual semantic network
Authors: Yan Tingrui , Zhuang Kaixiang , He Li , Liu Cheng , Zeng Rongcan , Qiu Jiang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe neural substrates that contribute to creative thinking through the recruitment of semantic memory structures remain largely unknown. This study sought to investigate the properties of semantic networks using a semantic judgment rating task at the individual level and explore the relationship among creative abilities, the topological properties of semantic networks, and their underlying brain structures. We first used a semantic judgment rating to assess individual semantic networks and computed their topological properties. The analysis confirmed a significant correlation between the creative thinking abilities assessed by an alternate uses task and all three topological properties. In addition, voxel‐based morphometry was employed to assess the neural correlates of gray matter volume (GMV) related to different topological properties of the semantic network. Results revealed a positive correlation between global efficiency and the left temporal pole cortex, considered to be involved in semantic information transmission and processing. Furthermore, mediation analysis found that the global efficiency of the individual semantic network mediated the association between the left temporal pole GMV and creative thinking, showing that the relationship between left temporal pole GMV and creative thinking may be affected by the semantic networks. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to combine a behavioral investigation of semantic networks with magnetic resonance imaging to shed light on the cerebral structural basis of semantic memory networks, in addition to their relationship to creativity.
A Bayesian Nonparametric Analysis for Zero-Inflated Multivariate Count Data with Application to Microbiome Study
Authors: Shuler Kurtis , Verbanic Samuel , Chen Irene A. , Lee Juhee 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHigh-throughput sequencing technology has enabled researchers to profile microbial communities from a variety of environments, but analysis of multivariate taxon count data remains challenging. We develop a Bayesian nonparametric (BNP) regression model with zero inflation to analyse multivariate count data from microbiome studies. A BNP approach flexibly models microbial associations with covariates, such as environmental factors and clinical characteristics. The model produces estimates for probability distributions which relate microbial diversity and differential abundance to covariates, and facilitates community comparisons beyond those provided by simple statistical tests. We compare the model to simpler models and popular alternatives in simulation studies, showing, in addition to these additional community-level insights, it yields superior parameter estimates and model fit in various settings. The model's utility is demonstrated by applying it to a chronic wound microbiome data set and a Human Microbiome Project data set, where it is used to compare microbial communities present in different environments.
Human CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte subpopulations have significantly different surface expression patterns of CD226 and TIGIT molecules
Authors: Šunina Marina , Alnek Kristi , Kisand Kai , Uibo Raivo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCD226 and the inhibitory T‐cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT) belong to a co‐stimulatory receptor system found in both T and natural killer cells. Although data from genome‐wide studies have suggested a strong association between the CD226 locus and multiple autoimmune diseases, the understanding of the balance of CD226/TIGIT axis during the activation of human T‐cell subpopulation remains incomplete. In this study, we aimed to compare pre‐ and post‐stimulation expression profiles of CD226 and TIGIT with those of CD28 in human CD4+ and CD8+ T‐cell subpopulations using flow cytometry. The impact of the CD226 single nucleotide polymorphism, rs763361, on cell surface CD226 expression and effector cytokine secretion was also examined. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy blood donors (n = 65) were studied. Most naïve CD4+ and CD8+ T‐cells did not express CD226 and TIGIT, predominantly upregulating activating receptors following stimulation. Memory CD4+ T‐cells exhibited a balanced expression of activating and inhibitory receptors, pre‐ and post‐stimulation. In contrast, memory CD8+ T‐cells predominantly expressed TIGIT. The rs763361 TT genotype was associated with both a reduction in CD226 expression on the cell surface of CD4+ memory T‐cells (P = .004) and increased interleukin‐17A secretion from activated T‐cells (P = .036). Description of different expression patterns on T lymphocyte subpopulations provided in this work will lead to a more comprehensive understanding of the role of the CD226/TIGIT axis in control over T‐cell activation and suppression.
Forced Torsional Vibration of Systems With Distributed Mass and Internal and External Damping
Authors: Bisshopp K. E. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This analysis extends similar results previously obtained in a paper by Den Hartog and Li, where the remainder torque is calculated at one end of a homogeneous system. Comparative computations made there with complex Holzer tables show excellent agreement with results obtained from the theory of distributed systems. The general boundary-value problem, including the response to an externally applied torque at any section, is solved in this paper. The special case of a homogeneous engine system with a flywheel at one end is analyzed in detail. The theory is illustrated with comparative computations using complex Holzer tables for such a system with external torque applied at a section remote from the ends. Again, numerical results obtained by both methods are in excellent agreement.
Analytical Design of Disk Cams and Three-Dimensional Cams by Independent Position Equations
Authors: Raven Francis H. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a method for the analytical design of cams, based upon independent position equations. From these equations, one can obtain general expressions for cam parameters such as the cam contour, pressure angle, radius of curvature, etc. This procedure is applicable for cam systems with any type of follower motion. The mathematical directness of this method makes it possible to investigate thoroughly even the most complicated cam situations, e.g., three-dimensional cams. Also, it is shown how design charts and procedures may be developed to facilitate the solution of particular cam design problems.
Retarded Flow of Bingham Materials
Authors: Slibar Alfred , Paslay Paul R. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The solutions for three cases of retarded flow of a rigid-viscous material are given. These cases are: (a) Sliding parallel plates; (b) Couette flow between concentric cylinders; and (c) axial flow through a circular pipe. For Couette flow two types of loading-unloading paths are found. The results of this analysis explain some of the discrepancies between experimental results and theoretical predictions for a Bingham material.
Analysis of Complex Kinematic Chains With Influence Coefficients
Authors: Modrey J. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Highly complex kinematic chains such as Fig. 1(c) can be analyzed by the use of simple vector equations involving influence coefficients. The influence-coefficient equations are related to superposition of simple kinematic chains. The technique for determining the necessary influence coefficients is one of sequentially setting all variables but one to zero and relaxing appropriate constraints to maintain mobility. This “zero-relax” process creates a series of mechanisms each simple enough to be solved by a direct process rather than by simultaneous equations. The analysis of the velocities and accelerations for these simpler mechanisms yields the influence coefficients of the related but more highly complex mechanism.
A Reassessment of Deformation Theories of Plasticity
Authors: Budiansky Bernard 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
It is shown that deformation theories of plasticity may be used for a range of loading paths other than proportional loading without violation of general requirements for the physical soundness of a plasticity theory. The extent to which deviations from proportional loading are admissible on this basis is calculated quantitatively for the simple deformation theory of Nadai. It is shown that the lower the strain-hardening rate of the uniaxial stress-strain curve, the greater are the permissible deviations from proportional loading.
Collapse Loads of Rings and Flanges Under Uniform Twisting Moment and Radial Force
Authors: Paul Burton 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Limit loads are found for rigid-plastic rings of arbitrary cross section subjected to uniform twisting moments and radial forces distributed over the circumference. It is shown that the interaction curves for limiting values of twisting moment and radial force have the same shape as interaction curves for limiting bending and stretching of straight beams. For rings of small uniform thickness the collapse loads are found to agree very well with those predicted by thin-plate theory. The theory is applied to find the collapse load of thin-walted corrugated tubes under axial thrust.
A New Theory of Elastic Sandwich Plates—One-Dimensional Case
Authors: Yu Yi-Yuan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A new flexural theory of isotropic elastic sandwich plates is deduced from the theory of elasticity. The one-dimensional case is presented in this paper. The theory includes the effects of transverse-shear deformation and rotatory inertia in both the core and faces of the sandwich, and no limitation is imposed upon the magnitudes of the ratios between the thicknesses, material densities, and elastic constants of the core and faces of the sandwich. The method used is an extension of one due to Mindlin [1], and the results reduce to those of his for the corresponding homogeneous plates as special limiting cases. A final equation also may be simplified and reduced to the corresponding results of Reissner [2], Hoff [3], and Eringen [4] for the bending of ordinary sandwich plates that have thin faces. Results of the theory are applied to the problem of bending of a cantilever plate subjected to load at the unsupported end and to the problem of propagation of straight-crested waves in an infinite plate.
The Stresses in Infinite Wedges Linearly Tapered in Width and Thickness
Authors: Conway H. D. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The solutions are given for some plane stress problems of an infinite wedge linearly tapered in width and thickness, the corresponding solutions for the constant thickness cases being well known. The loadings chosen for illustrative purposes are: (a) concentrated load at end, (b) concentrated couple at end, and (c) uniform normal pressure on one face.
On the Propagation of Shock Waves in a Nonhomogeneous Elastic Medium
Authors: Sternberg Eli , Chakravorty J. G. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper is concerned with the propagation of shock waves in a nonhomogeneous isotropic plate of infinite extent and arbitrary thickness. The plate has a transverse cylindrical hole at which uniform shearing tractions are suddenly applied and there after steadily maintained; the body is otherwise free from loading. It is assumed that the shear modulus of the material is proportional to an arbitrary—not necessarily integral—power of the radial distance from the axis of the hole, while no restriction is placed upon the (continuous) radial variation of Young’s modulus. The solution obtained, which is discussed in detail, constitutes a generalization of results reached by Goodier and Jahsman [1], who considered the present problem for a homogeneous medium.
Triaxial Tension at the Head of a Rapidly Running Crack in a Plate
Authors: Frankland J. M. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The conditions near a crack in a plate, whether stationary or growing, are usually considered to be a state of plane stress. In this note, however, it is shown that appreciable normal stress through the thickness can occur when the crack is growing rapidly. This gives rise to a state of triaxial tension in the core of the plate near the head of the crack and can thus contribute to the brittle behavior observed in such cases. The amount of triaxiality is strongly dependent on the extent of the plastically deformed zone at the end of the crack. This fact may be one reason for the greater brittleness shown by thick plates.
Bending of Isosceles Right Triangular Plates
Authors: Fletcher H. J. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Two methods are presented for the solutions of problems of an isosceles right triangular plate bent by arbitrary transverse loads. One method makes use of a concentrated diagonal load on a square plate. The other uses an antisymmetric load on a square plate. A numerical solution is given for the case of clumped hypotenuse and simply supported legs. A table is given indicating how to solve fifteen of the possible eighteen problems in which an edge is free, clamped, or supported.
Investigation on the Impact of Angle Dependency and Polarization on Radiation Heat Transfer
Authors: Wijnen Mathieu , van Schijndel Jos , Nakibošlu Güneş 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In the semiconductor industry, there is an increasing demand for thermal stability to optimize the performance of lithography machines. This results in a need for computational tools that are able to accurately model radiation heat transfer, with the ability to include specular and angle-dependent reflection and take the influence of the polarization into account. An analytical approximation model of a square passage is formulated, that includes angle-dependent reflecting surfaces and the influence of polarization. These problems can be used as benchmarks to verify radiation modeling tools, e.g., comsol. The tool is validated by modeling an experiment and comparing the numerical results with the experimental data. The impact of angle dependency and polarization on the heat flux through passages is discussed.
The Key Pinch Stress Radiograph to Evaluate Dorsal Subluxation in the Basilar Thumb Joint
Authors: Norton Nolan M. , Barnds Brandon , McIff Terence E. , Toby E. Bruce , Fischer Kenneth J. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The basilar thumb joint is the joint second most commonly affected by osteoarthritis (OA) in the hand. Evaluation of dorsal subluxation of the thumb during a functional task such as key pinch could help assess OA risk. The objectives of this study were to determine the best imaging angle for measuring thumb dorsal subluxation during key pinch and to compare subluxation to corresponding OA grades on the Eaton–Glickel, Outerbridge, and International Cartilage Repair Society scales. Eleven cadaveric forearm specimens were rigged to simulate key pinch. A mobile c-arm captured anteroposterior (AP) view images of the hand and was rotated in 5 deg increments toward the ulnar aspect of the arm up to 60 deg. Dorsal subluxation was measured on each image and compared to determine which angle captured maximum subluxation. The resulting best imaging angle was used for comparisons between dorsal subluxation of the thumb and OA grades for the basilar thumb joint. The max subluxation was in the AP view for most specimens. There was a significant correlation between subluxation and the Eaton–Glickel grade (p = 0.003, R2 = 0.779), but not with either Outerbridge grades (p = 0.8018) or International Cartilage Repair Society grades (p = 0.7001). Our results indicate that dorsal thumb subluxation during key pinch should be measured in the AP view of the forearm/hand. Dorsal thumb subluxation during key pinch had a significant correlation with the Eaton–Glickel radiographic measure of OA but not with more accurate visual classifications of OA.
A Parametric Analysis of Embedded Tissue Marker Properties and Their Effect on the Accuracy of Displacement Measurements
Authors: Dutrisac Scott , Brannen MacKenzie , Hoshizaki T. Blaine , Frei Hanspeter , Petel Oren E. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Datasets obtained from cadaveric experimentation are broadly used in validating finite element models of head injury. Due to the complexity of such measurements in soft tissues, experimentalists have relied on tissue-embedded radiographic or sonomicrometry tracking markers to resolve tissue motion caused by impulsive loads. Dynamic coupling of markers with the surrounding tissue has been a previous concern, yet a thorough sensitivity investigation of marker influences on tissue deformation has not been broadly discussed. Technological improvements to measurement precision have bolstered confidence in acquired data; however, precision is often conflated with accuracy; the inclusion of markers in the tissue may alter its natural response, resulting in a loss of accuracy associated with an altered displacement field. To gain an understanding of how marker properties may influence the measured response to impact, we prepared a set of nine marker designs using a Taguchi L9 array to investigate marker design choice sensitivity. Each of these designs was cast into a block of tissue simulant and subjected to repeated drop tests. Vertical displacement was measured and compared to the response of the neat material, which contained massless tracking markers. Medium density and medium stiffness markers yielded the least deviation from the neat material response. The results provide some design guidelines indicating the importance of maintaining marker matrix density ratio below 1.75 and marker stiffness below 1.0 MPa. These properties may minimize marker interference in tissue deformation. Overall, embedded marker properties must be considered when measuring the dynamic response of tissue.