bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oncologic outcomes after splenectomy during initial cytoreductive surgery in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer: a nationwide population‐based cohort study
Authors: Said Sherin A. , van der Aa Maaike A. , Veldmate Guus , de Hullu Joanne A. , van Altena Anne M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionEpithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients undergoing splenectomy during cytoreductive surgery represent a small subgroup of patients. Splenic metastases or technical reasons due to extensive upper abdominal disease may require a splenectomy. It has been hypothesized that as the spleen’s antitumor immunologic functions may inhibit cancer growth, splenectomy may promote the growth of residual disease as observed in other cancer types of murine studies. The few studies assessing the impact of splenectomy on the oncologic outcomes of advanced stage EOC patients have reported inconsistent results. It remains unclear whether splenectomy during cytoreductive surgery is justified to achieve complete cytoreduction. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of a splenectomy on perioperative outcomes and survival of advanced stage EOC patients.Material and methodsIn this nationwide population‐based study, all consecutive patients diagnosed with FIGO stage IIIC and IV EOC between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2015 were identified from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Patients who underwent cytoreductive surgery combined with platinum‐based chemotherapy as primary treatment were selected. Differences in clinicopathologic characteristics between splenectomy and non‐splenectomy patients were assessed. Progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier survival curves and log‐rank tests. Cox proportional hazards models were used to adjust for covariates that influence survival.ResultsA total of 3911 patients were identified: 99 splenectomy and 3812 non‐splenectomy patients. Splenectomy patients were more likely to undergo extensive surgery or surgical reintervention, to receive intraperitoneal chemotherapy, intraoperative and postoperative blood transfusion, to experience postoperative infections, and to be admitted to an intensive care unit (all p < 0.002). No significant differences in PFS or OS were observed between splenectomy vs non‐splenectomy patients after adjusting for covariates.ConclusionsAlthough advanced stage EOC patients who undergo splenectomy during cytoreductive surgery have less favorable perioperative outcomes, no adverse impact of splenectomy on the survival of advanced stage EOC patients was observed. Splenectomy during cytoreductive surgery seems to be justified to achieve complete cytoreduction in advanced stage EOC patients.
Safety and efficacy of fluvoxamine in COVID‐19 ICU patients: An open label, prospective cohort trial with matched controls
Authors: Calusic Martina , Marcec Robert , Luksa Lea , Jurkovic Ivan , Kovac Natasa , Mihaljevic Slobodan , Likic Robert 
Published: November 2021

AimsFluvoxamine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and sigma‐1 receptor agonist, has so far shown promise in the prevention of COVID‐19 progression as an early treatment option in three trials. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of fluvoxamine in COVID‐19 patients if administered later in the course of the disease.MethodsThe study was designed as an open‐label, prospective cohort trial with matched controls. In April and May 2021, 51 ICU COVID‐19 patients hospitalised in the University Hospital Dubrava and University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Croatia, were treated with fluvoxamine 100 mg three times daily for 15 days in addition to standard therapy and they were prospectively matched for age, gender, vaccination against COVID‐19, disease severity and comorbidities with 51 ICU controls.ResultsNo statistically significant differences between groups were observed regarding the number of days on ventilator support, duration of ICU or total hospital stay. However, overall mortality was lower in the fluvoxamine group, 58.8% (n = 30/51), than in the control group, 76.5% (n = 39/51), HR 0.58, 95% CI (0.36–0.94, P = .027).ConclusionFluvoxamine treatment in addition to the standard therapy in hospitalised ICU COVID‐19 patients could have a positive impact on patient survival. Further studies on the effects of fluvoxamine in COVID‐19 patients are urgently required.
The roles of coalitional threat and safety in paranoia: A network approach
Authors: Greenburgh Anna , Bell Vaughan , Raihani Nichola 
Published: November 2021

ObjectiveParanoia is known to vary with levels of coalitional threat and safety present in the social environment. However, it remains underexplored whether threat and safety are differentially associated with paranoia, if these relationships vary with the source of threat and safety, and whether such effects hold across the continuum of severity of paranoid thoughts.MethodsWe employed a network analysis approach with community analysis on a large dataset (n = 6,337), the UK Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey 2007, to explore these questions. We included one node to capture paranoia typical in the general population, and one pertaining to thought interference common in persecutory delusions in psychosis.ResultsNodes reflecting paranoia in the general population as well as persecution‐related concerns in psychosis shared the strongest positive edges with nodes representing threat stemming from close social relationships. Paranoia common in the general population was negatively associated with both safety stemming from the wider social environment, and safety in close relationships, where the former association was strongest.ConclusionsOur results suggest that threat from within one’s immediate social group is more closely linked to paranoid thoughts than is safety from either one’s social group or the wider social environment. Further, our results imply that coalitional threat may be a particularly associated with concerns common in psychosis, whereas paranoid ideation more common in the general population is also associated with reduced coalitional safety. Overall, this network analysis offers a broad view of how paranoia relates to multiple aspects of our coalitional environment and provides some testable predictions for future research in this area.Practitioner points

Individuals with paranoia more typical of delusions may find threat in close social relationships most challenging

Variation in paranoia in the general population may be attributed to feeling safe in the wider social environment more than in close social relationships
Boomers and Generation Z on campus: Expectations, goals, and experiences
Authors: Paul Grayson J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCompared to the other Anglo‐American democracies, when they start job searches, Canadian post‐secondary graduates likely confront more competition from similarly educated youth, and experience a relatively high unemployment rate. In addition, should they find work, there is no guarantee for graduates that it will be in their area of specialization. There is an added possibility that employment will be precarious. By comparison, in the mid‐sixties, labour market conditions were more accommodating to university graduates. Are these different labour market conditions consistent with students’ expectations, goals, and campus experiences prior to graduation? An answer to this question was found through a comparison of those entering Glendon College, York University, in 1963, and in 2013. The examination was based on surveys students completed in 1963, 1967, 2013, and 2017. Data from these sources was. supplemented by information obtained through interviews with students, archival materials, and by analyzing the contents of the student newspaper. Overall, the expectations of Glendon students in the 1960s, and 50 years later, were in keeping with respective favourable and unfavorable labour market conditions. For students' experiences this was not the case. Despite considerable changes in the labour market, the way in which students experienced their time on campus was comparable in the two eras.
A comprehensive review on glucokinase activators: Promising agents for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes
Authors: Thilagavathi Ramasamy , Hosseini‐Zare Maryam Sadat , Malini Manokaran , Selvam Chelliah 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGlucokinase is a key enzyme which converts glucose into glucose‐6‐phosphate in the liver and pancreatic cells of the human. In the liver, glucokinase promotes the synthesis of glycogen, and in the pancreas, it helps in glucose‐sensitive insulin release. It serves as a “glucose sensor” and thereby plays an important role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. Due to this activity, glucokinase is considered as an attractive drug target for type 2 diabetes. It created a lot of interest among the researchers, and several small molecules were discovered. The research work was initiated in 1990. However, the hypoglycemic effect, increased liver burden, and loss of efficacy over time were faced during clinical development. Dorzagliatin, a novel glucokinase activator that acts on both the liver and pancreas, is in the late‐stage clinical development. TTP399, a promising hepatoselective GK activator, showed a clinically significant and sustained reduction in glycated hemoglobin with a low risk of adverse effects. The successful findings generated immense interest to continue further research in finding small molecule GK activators for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The article covers different series of GK activators reported over the past decade and the structural insights into the GK‐GK activator binding which, we believe will stimulate the discovery of novel GK activators to treat type 2 diabetes.
Museums and the Aging Brain
Authors: Ucko David A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper makes a case for museums to create programs that promote healthy cognitive aging, complementing those designed for visitors already afflicted with dementia. Surveys indicate that the exploding population of older adults is worried about maintaining cognitive health and reducing the risk of dementia. Museums have the opportunity to address this concern by developing programs based on a growing body of neuroscience research that supports the impact of cognitive engagement in maintaining or improving brain health among older adults. Serving this largely untapped audience offers a valuable new strategic direction that would benefit museums and their communities. The paper offers guidance on the creation of programs in partnership with neuroscientists, other experts, and the target audience, and encourages evaluation and further research.
From bailout to bail‐in: Making banking a legitimate part of the market economy
Authors: Holmbäck Adelwald Pär 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMore than a decade has passed since Lehman Brothers wreaked havoc to the global economy, putting the spotlight on the ‘too big to fail’ predicament and leaving governments the choice between financial collapse and bailouts. A new framework – resolution – was devised to allow for the orderly management of such situations. While capital regulations remain important for maintaining financial stability, bondholders also need to be on the hook if we are to credibly claim that bailouts belong to the past. In sum, resolution is about nothing less than the restoration of the fundamental principles of the market economy to the banking sector.
RDOF: An outlier detection algorithm based on relative density
Authors: Wahid Abdul , Rao Annavarapu Chandra Sekhara 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAn outlier has a significant impact on data quality and the efficiency of data mining. The outlier identification algorithm observes only data points that do not follow clearly defined meanings of projected behaviour in a data set. Several techniques for identifying outliers have been presented in recent years, but if outliers are located in areas where neighbourhood density varies substantially, it can result in an imprecise estimate. To address this problem, we provide a ‘Relative Density‐based Outlier Factor (RDOF)’ algorithm based on the concept of mutual proximity between a data point and its neighbours. The proposed approach is divided into two stages: an influential space is created at a test point in the first stage. In the later stage, a test point is assigned an outlier‐ness score. We have conducted experiments on three real‐world data sets, namely the Johns Hopkins University Ionosphere, the Iris Plant, and Wisconsin Breast Cancer data sets. We have investigated three performance metrics for comparison: precision, recall, and rank power. In addition, we have compared our proposed method against a set of relevant baseline methods. The experimental results reveal that our proposed method detected all (i.e., 100%) outlier class objects with higher rank power than baseline approaches over these experimental data sets.
A machine learning‐based analysis of 311 requests in the Miami‐Dade County
Authors: Cheng Shaoming , Ganapati Sukumar , Narasimhan Giri , Yusuf Farzana Beente 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper illustrates the application of machine learning algorithms in predictive analytics for local governments using administrative data. The developed and tested machine learning predictive algorithm overcomes known limitations of the conventional ordinary least squares method. Such limitations include but not limited to imposed linearity, presumed causality with independent variables as presumed causes and dependent variables as presume result, likely high multicollinearity among features, and spatial autocorrelation. The study applies the algorithms to 311 non‐emergency service requests in the context of Miami‐Dade County. The algorithms are applied to predict the volume of 311 service requests and the community characteristics affecting the volume across Census tract neighborhoods. Four common families of algorithms and an ensemble of them are applied. They are random forest, support vector machines, lasso and elastic‐net regularized generalized linear models, and extreme gradient boosting. Two feature selection methods, namely Boruta and fscaret, are applied to identify the significant community characteristics. The results show that the machine learning algorithms capture spatial autocorrelation and clustering. The features generated by fscaret algorithms are parsimonious in predicting the 311 service request volume.
Evaluation of a novel phosphorylated corn straw xylan for enhancement of thermal stability, crystallinity and functional activity
Authors: Qian Shiquan , Yu Yuting , Ma Jing , Diao Enjie , Ye Shijia , Gao Jiamin , Liu Ying , Hu Weicheng 
Published: October 2021

SummaryThe present study focussed on a novel phosphorylated corn straw xylans (XYCS‐P) that had excellent thermal stability, crystallinity and functional activity and could be potentially used as functional agents in food products. In this work, the phosphorylated derivative XYCS‐P was successfully prepared, and the chemical characterisation, spectral analysis, thermal analysis, morphology analysis, antioxidant capacity and anticancer activity were evaluated. The results indicated that XYCS‐P possessed superior thermal stability to the native corn straw xylans (XYCS) when exposed to the high temperature (above 240 °C). In addition, the crystallinity of XYCS‐P was better than that of XYCS. Moreover, for XYCS‐P, the scavenging activity of the hydroxyl radical, (1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl) DPPH radical, superoxide anion radical and the ferric ion reducing antioxidant power were significantly stronger than that of XYCS (P < 0.01). Besides, XYCS‐P exhibited a remarkable inhibition effect for HepG2 cells, and the IC50 value of XYCS‐P was determined to be 335.91 μg mL−1 (P < 0.05).
Compromise solutions for stochastic multicriteria acceptability analysis with uncertain preferences and nonmonotonic criteria
Authors: Liao Zhiqiang , Liao Huchang , Lev Benjamin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAs one of the most popular multiple criteria decision‐making (MCDM) methods, the stochastic multicriteria acceptability analysis (SMAA) is powerful in dealing with the uncertain preference information of decision makers. However, how to find compromise solutions for MCDM problems remains an open question in the SMAA family. A compromise solution refers to an alternative that is the closest to the ideal solution. In this paper, we propose an improved SMAA method, called the SMAA with compromise solutions (SMAA‐CO), to determine compromise solutions for MCDM problems with the uncertain preferences of decision makers and conflicting criteria. The SMAA‐CO uses nonmonotonic additive value functions to depict decision makers’ ideal values for reference points. We apply the proposed method to capture multiple decision makers’ uncertain preference information. An illustrative example concerning supplier selection in the pulp and paper industry is used to show the applicability of the proposed method. Some managerial insights are given.
Primary alterations during the development of hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Dajnoki Z. , Somogyi O. , Medgyesi B. , Jenei A. , Szabó L. , Gáspár K. , Hendrik Z. , Gergely P. , Imre D. , Póliska S. , Törőcsik D. , Zouboulis C.C. , Prens E.P. , Kapitány A. , Szegedi A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundHidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, inflammatory disease of the apocrine gland‐rich (AGR) skin region. The initial steps of disease development are not fully understood, despite intense investigations into immune alterations in lesional HS skin.ObjectivesWe aimed to systematically investigate the inflammatory molecules involved in three stages of HS pathogenesis, including healthy AGR, non‐lesional HS and lesional HS skin, with the parallel application of multiple mRNA and protein‐based methods.MethodsImmune cell counts (T cells, dendritic cells, macrophages), Th1/Th17‐related molecules (IL‐12B, TBX21, IFNG, TNFA, IL‐17, IL10, IL‐23A, TGFB1, RORC, CCL20), keratinocyte‐related sensors (TLR2,4), mediators (S100A7, S100A8, S100A9, DEFB4B, LCN2, CAMP, CCL2) and pro‐inflammatory molecules (IL1B, IL6, TNFA, IL‐23A) were investigated in the three groups by RNASeq, RT‐qPCR, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence.ResultsEpidermal changes were already detectable in non‐lesional HS skin; the epidermal occurrence of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), IL‐1β, TNF‐α and IL‐23 was highly upregulated compared with healthy AGR skin. In lesional HS epidermis, TNF‐α and IL‐1β expression remained at high levels while AMPs and IL‐23 increased even more compared with non‐lesional skin. In the dermis of non‐lesional HS skin, signs of inflammation were barely detectable (vs. AGR), while in the lesional dermis, the number of inflammatory cells and Th1/Th17‐related mediators were significantly elevated.ConclusionsOur findings that non‐lesional HS epidermal keratinocytes produce not only AMPs and IL‐1β but also high levels of TNF‐α and IL‐23 confirm the driver role of keratinocytes in HS pathogenesis and highlight the possible role of keratinocytes in the transformation of non‐inflammatory Th17 cells (of healthy AGR skin) into inflammatory cells (of HS) via the production of these mediators. The fact that epidermal TNF‐α and IL‐23 appear also in non‐lesional HS seems to prove these cytokines as excellent therapeutic targets.
Decline of oral functions in old‐old adults and their relationship with age and sex: The SONIC study
Authors: Hatta Kodai , Murotani Yuki , Takahashi Toshihito , Gondo Yasuyuki , Kamide Kei , Masui Yukie , Ishizaki Tatsuro , Ogata Soshiro , Matsuda Ken‐ichi , Mihara Yusuke , Fukutake Motoyoshi , Nishimura Yuichi , Hagino Hiromasa , Higashi Kotaro , Maeda Yoshinobu , Ikebe Kazunori 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundMany physical functions decline with aging, but it is not known whether oral functions vary according to sex or decline with aging, as it occurs with physical functions. The present study aimed to examine the association of sex, age, and elapsed years with occlusal force and tongue pressure using a generalized linear mixed‐effect model (GLMM) over a 3‐year period among old‐old Japanese adults.MethodsParticipants were community‐dwelling older adults who participated in a survey (June 2014–March 2017) and a follow‐up survey (July 2017–December 2019) after 3 years (n = 951: 70‐year group, n = 466; 80‐year group, n = 391; 90‐year group, n = 94). Dental examinations including the number of teeth, occlusal force, and tongue pressure were conducted, and a GLMM was used to estimate the association of sex, age, and elapsed years with occlusal force and tongue pressure, adjusting for the number of teeth.ResultsThe GLMM showed that occlusal force was significantly associated with sex (reference; male, non‐standardized coefficient: B = −66.9 [female], p < 0.001), age (reference; 70‐year group, B = −81.7 [80‐year group], p < 0.001, B = −87.2 [90‐year group], p < 0.001), and the number of teeth (B = 13.8, p < 0.001), but did not significantly decrease with elapsed years. Tongue pressure was significantly associated with sex (reference; male, B = −0.94 [female], p = 0.034) and age (reference; 70‐year group, B = −1.78 [80‐year group], p < 0.001, B = −5.47 [90‐year group], p < 0.001). Tongue pressure decreased significantly with elapsed years (B = −0.82, p < 0.001).ConclusionsThese findings suggest that tongue pressure significantly decreased over time, but occlusal force did not. Tongue‐related muscles may be more susceptible to aging than masticatory muscles.
Acral peeling skin syndrome resulting from a novel homozygous mutation in the CSTA gene—A report of two cases
Authors: Sarika Georgina‐Maria , Ibrahim Ruba , Zlotogorski Abraham , Molho‐Pessach Vered 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAcral peeling skin syndrome is a rare genodermatosis characterized by asymptomatic peeling of the acral skin. It is usually caused by biallelic mutations in the gene TGM5. However, biallelic mutations in the CSTA gene have also been described to cause APSS with exfoliative ichthyosis, so far in only five pedigrees. Here, we report two new pedigrees, each with one patient having APSS, due to a novel CSTA mutation.
Interactions and computer experiments
Authors: Borgonovo Emanuele , Plischke Elmar , Rabitti Giovanni 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIdentifying interactions and understanding the underlying generating mechanism is essential for interpreting the response of black‐box models. We offer a systematic analysis of interaction types and corresponding sources, merging results of the broad statistical literature with findings developed within the computer experiment literature. Piecewise‐definiteness emerges a self‐standing interaction mechanism, alternative to the presence of interaction terms. We find that the scale of the analysis is essential for interpretation, and that no single method is capable of providing the correct identification of the underlying interaction generating mechanisms; conversely a combined approach involving indicators at difference scales is required. We propose a graphical tool called Mikado plot that exploits the link between interaction indicators at the finite scale and global scales to ease the regional visualization of two‐factor interactions. The findings are illustrated via numerical experiments with three well‐known computer models of different dimensionality and structure.