bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cocoa supplementation reduces amyloid-beta1–42 (Aβ1–42) induced deficits in a transgenic C. elegans
Authors: Munasinghe Mihiri , Almotayri Abdullah , Kolivas Despina , Thomas Jency , Heydarian Deniz , Jois Markandeya 
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Cocoa, a significant contributor of polyphenols to the western diet has been shown to be effective against Aβ induced toxicity in vitro. However, the effects of long-term cocoa supplementation on Aβ induced behavioural deficits, particularly on the short-term memory loss observed in human AD are not well defined. OBJECTIVE: This study characterized the phenotype of a pan-neuronal Aβ expressing C. elegans strain and investigated the effects of long-term cocoa supplementation on Aβ induced behavioural deficits including short-term memory loss and lifespan. METHODS: Cocoa powder was supplemented to the E. coli OP50 diet of C. elegans starting from L1 stage until they die. Neuronally controlled processes including locomotion, learning and memory were studied at different stages of the lifespan. In addition, lifespan was evaluated with different cocoa doses. Aβ fibril levels were determined with Thioflavin T. RESULTS: Aβ expressing worms showed a reduced growth, a reduced maximum speed at old age, short-term memory deficits at middle age and a reduced lifespan. Cocoa-supplementation reversed the deficits in growth, maximum speed, short-term memory loss and lifespan to reach similar levels to control counterparts while reducing the Aβ fibril levels. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term cocoa supplementation seemed to improve Aβ induced deficits in C. elegans.
MULTICRITERIA ANALYSIS AS A METHOD OF CHOICE JUSTIFICATION FOR ENGINEERING AND PLANNING DECISIONS OF CITY HIGHWAYS’ INTERSECTIONS
Authors: Osetrin Mykola , Tarasiuk Volodymyr , Bespalov Dmytro , Bespalov Dmytro , Myroshnychenko Оxana 
Published: May 2021

This article aims to familiarize the reader with multi-criteria analysis as one of the methods of choice justification of engineering design solutions for urban highways intersections. This method is widely used abroad, as it allows to compare different quantitative and qualitative indicators with different vectors of "positive decision" (maximum or minimum).
Multiple criteria decision analysis – MCDA, as fact-based quantitative method is more appropriate way to evaluate several indicators simultaneously for each of planning decisions – opposed to more popular in Ukraine “expert evaluation”. In transport planning, type of multicriteria analysis method, which should be used for evaluation of urban highways’ intersections planning decisions, depends on specific conditions and chosen scales of evaluations.
Article includes description of one of MCDA’s types: TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) and illustrates algorithm of its calculation. As an example, four variants of planning decisions of right-bank approaches to the Podilsko-Voskresensky bridge intersection in the city of Kyiv are analyzed. As a result, a rating of design scenarios of intersection planning solutions according to the TOPSIS method was obtained.
NATIONAL SYMBOLS AS THE ELEMENT OF IDENTITY IN ARCHITECTURE OF DIPLOMATIC LEGATIONS
Authors: Tymovchak Iryna 
Published: May 2021

The article determines the peculiarities of introducing national symbols into the architecture of modern diplomatic legations with the aim of reflecting identity and uniqueness of different states of the world. In the context of globalization, multiculturalism, development of supranational institutions, and terrorist threats, the problem related to the means of expressing national identity in the architecture of diplomatic legations, which are the representation platform for each state worldwide, has appeared. The interpretation conciseness and artistic rethinking of national symbols is the major tool applied by architects and building constructors of diplomatic legations of the XXI century. From this perspective, it is particularly important to understand that, on the one hand, the mentioned architectural objects should be treated as symbols of state and nation, but on the other hand, should go in line with local traditions of building construction and architecture, cooperation with local culture, and surrounding environment of host country.
For the sake of self-identification, each state worldwide uses national symbols that become an integral part of their international image brand. During the course of research, the following types of national state symbols have been distinguished:

The main:

Secondary:

- flag;
- coat of arms.

- fauna and flora;
- peculiarities of natural resources;
- national identity and social order;
- architectural style, fine arts, ornamentation;
- symbols of religion and state regalia;
- ideology and policy of the state.

Official symbols (state symbols) are determined and enshrined at the constitutional and legal level. They are being created during the process of state establishment. Informal symbols are not always enshrined in law and are not mandatory to be used. However, namely these symbols are the full-fledged reflection of uniqueness of nature, culture, religion, history, traditions, politics, and ideology of nation and state.
Embassy is the diplomatic legation of the highest rank by means of which any state conducts its official activity abroad. The analysis of architectural composition, dimensional and spatial structure, artistic and aesthetic decisions of exterior and interior elements of embassy buildings has enabled the possibility of demonstrating different methods and approaches to solving the problems of using and providing artistic interpretation of national symbols as the element of state identity representation.
Evidence from FDA Compliance Check Inspections on the Effectiveness of Retail Access Controls on Tobacco Purchases
Authors: Chen Tengjiao , Zion Adam , Joselow Jonah , Kasmer Parker 
Published: May 2021

This study analyzes data from FDA’s compliance check inspections of tobacco product retailers to assess the effectiveness of Retail Access Control Standards™ (RACS). RACS is a standards-based technology solution at the point-of-sale that automatically prompts electronic ID scanning to verify the age of the purchaser of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and imposes automated product-quantity purchase limits (to reduce the potential for social sourcing). Supported by JUUL Labs, Inc., RACS is being adopted for the sale of JUUL products, but has not uniformly been implemented for other tobacco products. This study assesses the incidence of FDA compliance check inspection failures across tobacco-product types at a regional chain of convenience stores that implemented RACS, and compares it to those observed at similar retail locations without RACS. At the chain that implemented RACS, in the 8 months after RACS was installed, there were a total of 10 inspection failures, of which none were ENDS-related. At the comparator sites, 28% of failures were ENDS-related. These findings provide real-world evidence that an automated, technologically-based solution for age-verification at the point-of-sale, such as RACS, may effectively restrict underage access and thus contribute to reducing underage use. This points to the potential benefit of adopting similar approaches across all tobacco products and potentially other age-restricted products.

KEYWORDS: Retail Access Control Standards (RACS); FDA compliance check inspections; age verification; youth prevention; electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS); enhanced access controls; tobacco.
Using the Irrigation Controller for a Better Lawn on Less Water
Authors: Tichenor Jack , Dukes Michael D. , Trenholm Laurie E. 
Published: May 2021

Would you like to have an attractive, healthy lawn that uses less water, costs less to maintain and may even reduce fertilizer and pesticide use? This may sound too good to be true. The right amount of water at the right time can make it happen for you. This document is Fact Sheet ENH978, one of a series of the Environmental Horticulture department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date: December 23, 2003. Reviewed November 2004.
Preventing Foodborne Illness: Bacillus cereus and Bacillus anthracis
Authors: Schneider Keith R. , Parish Mickey E. , Goodrich Renée M. , Cookingham Taylor 
Published: May 2021

Bacillus species are Gram positive, aerobic heterotrophs, ubiquitous bacteria, characterized by their ability to form resistant spore coats. There are about 48 known species in the genus Bacillus but only B. anthracis and B. cereus are associated with human disease. Bacillus species are mesophilic bacteria that produce heat-resistant endosopores with a growth range of 10°C to 48°C, with optimal growth at 28°C to 35°C. In addition, they can grow in a broad pH range of 4.9 to 9.3. This document is FSHN04-05, one of a series of the Food Science and Human Nutrition Department discussing common foodborne pathogens of interest to food handlers, processors and retailers; Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Date published: November 2004.
Healthy Eating for Elders: Sixteen Savory Snacks
Authors: Hillan Jennifer B. 
Published: May 2021

Here are some snack ideas that are not only easy to prepare, they are healthy too! Keep some of these choices handy for the next time you have the snacking urge. This is document FCS 8697-ENG, one in a series of the Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611. Publication date: February 2005.
Anurans of the Everglades Agricultural Area
Authors: Casler Michelle L. , Bear Wendy M. , Pearlstine Elise V. , Mazzotti Frank J. 
Published: May 2021

This is a guide to frogs and toads in south Florida. This is document Cir 1463, one of a series in the Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida. Published December 2004.
Cir 1463/UW210: Anurans of the Everglades Agricultural Area (ufl.edu)
CORRELATION OF HB1AC WITH LIPID PROFILE IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED TYPE 2 DM PATIENTS
Authors: Chain Sukh , Saran Mansa Ram 
Published: May 2021

Background: HbA1c is a main indicator for mean blood glucose level. Dyslipidemia especially high LDL, is common in diabetes mellitus and is strongly associated with poor glycemic control.
Method: A retrospective study was carried out to determine the LDL levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics. A total of 100 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics were enrolled in our study.
Result: In our study, maximum patients (54.00%) were from 46-60 years followed by, 25.00% patients who were more than 60 years and 21.00% patients were less than 45 years of age. HbA1c is significantly directly proportional to LDL level
Conclusion: It was concluded from the results of this study that type 2 diabetic patients are more prone to dyslipidemia. In newly diagnosed type type 2 diabetes mellitus, high LDL levels were found in patients with high HbA1C levels.
Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, HbA1c, LDL
Use of plant-derived drugs in the prevention and treatment of dairy cow mastitis
Authors: Xu Ping , Fotina Hanna , Fotina Tetiana , Wang Sanhu 
Published: May 2021

Dairy cow mastitis is one of most seriously diseases affecting dairy herds. The prevention and treatment of this pathology is especially done through antimicrobials, but the increasing antimicrobial resistance of pathogens to this disease may affect the efficiency of conventional drugs. Plant extracts are increasingly being valued by livestock producers because of their wide sources, low toxic and side effects, and high environmental affinity. Thereby, a lot of research has been conducted on the control of dairy cow mastitis by plant-derived drugs in recent years. This review summarizes the current of the plant types, main active ingredients, and the mechanism of action of plant extracts for preventing and treating dairy cow mastitis. Finally, a review was carried out to prospect the future development of plant extracts in the treatment of dairy cow mastitis.
Espaço olhar digital
Authors: Moreira Graziela 
Published: May 2021

As mídias podem trazer à tona as novas linguagens comunicacionais, que são importantes para as novas formas de ensinar e aprender, tornando os sujeitos participantes desta sociedade globalizada. É a partir da aquisição das informações e dos conhecimentos que os indivíduos têm uma visão de mundo diferenciado, pois na medida em que se adquirem novos conhecimentos também se tornam diferentes. A realidade escolar aos poucos vem mudando e modernizando a exemplo das possibilidades de uso das mídias como, a TV, vídeo, DVD, projetor multimídia, internet. Através da ação “Resgatando IF” realizada pela Equipe Pedagógica, na qual o objetivo foi conscientizar os alunos com baixo rendimento e diagnosticar as dificuldades no processo ensino-aprendizagem, a escola identificou um jovem que já repetiu o ano duas vezes e reclamou da qualidade das aulas e da forma de avaliação. Assim, ficou claro que a escola precisa se aproximar da realidade dos alunos, entender as suas expectativas e anseios e envolvê-los de forma a adequar melhor a Proposta Pedagógica às necessidades, aprimorando o ensino e torná-lo mais atrativo. Vários alunos usam celulares e tem acesso à internet, utilizando a rede para acompanhar as novidades sobre tecnologia e entrar nas redes sociais. É necessário melhorar a infraestrutura, fornecendo ao professor e a prática pedagógica suporte tecnológico. Assim, o Projeto Espaço Olhar Digital visa implantar salas de mídia na escola e adaptar espaços, e tem como objetivo dinamizar a prática pedagógica adequá-la às necessidades da clientela e tornar as aulas mais atrativas recheadas de fóruns, apresentações, seminários, discussões em sala de aula e trabalhos em grupo. É importante ressaltar que a escola ganhou projetos e programas que valorizam o uso das tecnologias, como a modalidade de ensino NEJA e o Reforço Escolar, nos quais existe formação específica. Ao final das ações, a escola promoverá uma Feira Tecnológica, que será a culminância dos trabalhos realizados. Será necessário um empreendimento de recursos tecnológicos, como computadores, data show, lousa digital, TV, DVD, Wifi, quadro branco escolar, armários e reforma da estrutura das salas como fiação, pintura e climatização.
Empreendedorismo como ferramenta de desenvolvimento econômico e geração de emprego e renda: elaboração de metodologia para criação de micro e pequenas empresas
Authors: Costa Antonio Tavares 
Published: May 2021

Este artigo teve como objetivo a criação de uma metodologia de enfrentamento de crise com base no empreendedorismo e criação de arranjos produtivos locais, tal metodologia concerne em padronização para qualquer atividade produtiva. No cenário econômico mundial estamos vivendo um período de crise econômica com baixo crescimento dos países e o esgotamento dos mercados consumidores. Na pesquisa foram abordados temas como empregabilidade, empreendedorismo, Arranjo Produtivo Local e jogos de empresas, para consolidação de tal metodologia e principalmente buscou-se com ela, verificar se os jogos de empresas são uma ferramenta importante na formação de características empreendedoras relevantes nos jovens universitários. Por tanto, este artigo busca a elaboração de uma metodologia voltada à formação de empreendedores com foco na criação de Arranjos Produtivos Locais e geração de emprego e renda, visando o enfrentamento de crises econômicas e financeiras regionais, com base em jogos de empresas simulados, como parte integrante de projetos de políticas publica.
Healthcare for uninsured migrant populations in Ontario: what do nurses need to know?
Authors: Marquez M. , Rummens J Anneke 
Published: May 2021

<p>"Individuals from another country residing in Canada (with the intent to stay here) who do not have access to publicly funded coverage for healthcare/medical services: </p>
<ul>
<li>Newly arrived immigrants, PRs, convention refugees 90-day wait period upon arrival until, then covered under OHIP </li>
<li>Refugee claimants/asylum Seekers Currently immediately covered under IFHP due to policy revisions </li>
<li>Undocumented & partially documented migrants No access to publicly funded health care coverage"</li>
</ul>
Instructors’ Perceptions of Networked Learning and Analytics / Perceptions des instructeurs quant à l'apprentissage et l'analyse en réseau
Authors: Comber Scott , Durier-Copp Martine , Gruzd Anatoliy 
Published: May 2021

<p>This study seeks to understand instructors’ perceptions of social network analysis (SNA) and network visualizations as learning analytics (LA) tools for generating useful insights about student online interactions in their class. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected from three graduate courses taught at a Canadian university at the end of the academic term and came from two sources: (1) class-wide forum discussion messages, and (2) interviews with instructors regarding their perceptions of student networks and interactions. This study is unique as it focuses on instructors’ self-assessments of online student interactions and compares this with the SNA visualization. The difference between instructors’ perceptions of social network interactions and actual interactions underlines the potential that LA can provide for instructors. The results confirmed that SNA and network visualizations have the potential of making the “invisible” visible to instructors, thus enhancing their ability to engage students more effectively. </p>
<p>Cette étude vise à comprendre les perceptions des instructeurs sur l’analyse des réseaux sociaux (ARS) et la visualisation de réseaux comme outils d’analyse de l’apprentissage (AA) produisant des perspectives utiles sur les interactions en ligne des étudiants de leur classe. Des données qualitatives et quantitatives ont été collectées dans trois cours des cycles supérieurs d’une université canadienne à la fin de la session scolaire. Ces données proviennent de deux sources : (1) les messages du forum de discussion de l’ensemble du groupe et (2) des entretiens avec les instructeurs au sujet de leurs perceptions sur les réseaux et interactions des étudiants. Cette étude est unique en ce qu’elle se concentre sur les auto-évaluations des instructeurs portant sur les interactions étudiantes en ligne, et les compare à la visualisation de l’ARS. La différence entre les perceptions qu’ont les instructeurs des interactions sur les réseaux sociaux et les interactions réelles souligne le potentiel que l’AA peut offrir aux instructeurs. Les résultats ont confirmé que l’ARS et les visualisations de réseaux ont le potentiel de rendre « l’invisible »visible pour les instructeurs, améliorant ainsi leur capacité à motiver les étudiants plus efficacement.</p>
Dreaming in Canadian: South Asian Youth, Bollywood and Belonging
Authors: Srivastava Vinita 
Published: May 2021

<p>[para. 1]: "At a recent Toronto red carpet event, Bollywood megastar, Shahrukh Khan answered questions for an intimate crowd of awestruck fans. The questions, shouted out by audience members, came mostly from second generation South Asians who had grown up with Shahrukh Khan’s films. Questions took the form of gushing praise—as individuals from the South Asian Diaspora struggled with ways to express their gratitude: “You have meant so much to me—growing up here [in Canada]”, said one woman. “Will you please say a line, any line from Kuch Kuch Hota Hai (1998)? It’s a movie that has impacted me so much. I cannot even express how much: It changed my life”." </p>
Integrate Ergonomics into Production System Design
Authors: Neumann Patrick , Kihlberg S. , Medbo P. , Winkel Jorgen 
Published: May 2021

<p> A case study is presented evaluating the productivity and ergonomic consequences ofstrategies implemented in a re-design of an electronics assembly system. The companyapplied partial automation strategies for assembly and transportation functions, movingfrom a parallel-batch to a serial line-based production system. Through simultaneousconsideration of technical and ergonomic indicators we aimed to identify linkagesbetween design decisions, productivity, and ergonomics. Data obtained from companyrecords and key company informants were combined with detailed video analysis,biomechanical modelling and field observations of the system. Implementation of thestrategy to partly automate assembly operations was seen to reduce labour inputs forcomponent assembly work without directly affecting ergonomic conditions. The automation of transportation strategy reduced both labour inputs and work in progress.This strategy also resulted in considerable reductions in work-task variability, and henceincreases in repetitiveness for operators at manual assembly workstations. The manualassembly station examined had some increase in shoulder load amplitudes and a largerincrease in the time-density of work (reduced porosity). Work activities were focusedalmost exclusively on stereotyped ‘get and put’ actions which increased in averagefrequency from one every 8.3 seconds to one every 7.4 seconds. Workstation design wasconstrained by initial decisions to adopt automation technologies and also affected bylater problems in the automation of assembly. Ergonomic conditions varied acrossindividuals and stations in the system. The adopted work organisation plan resulted inuneven distribution of risk factors across operators in the production system. It isconcluded that strategic decisions made early in the design of the production system haveconsiderable impact on ergonomic conditions in the production system. Optimal designfor sustainable and efficient production require simultaneous and integrated considerationof technological and operator functions in the manufacturing system. </p>
Who owns the news? The "right to be forgotten” and journalists’ conflicting principles
Authors: Shapiro Ivor , MacLeod Rogers Brian 
Published: May 2021

“The right to be forgotten” (RTBF) is a relatively new concept in human-rights law, but it deals in root ethical issues familiar to	news people and their sources. Editors must routinely weigh the news’ long-term role as a “historical record” against its potential negative impacts on individuals. In the digital-journalism era, publication is at the same time both more enduring and less static, creating new parameters and possibilities for ethical decision-making. Because news content may be seen by more people in more places for much longer,	the potential to do lasting good or harm is greater, but, because digital publication is more retractable and redactible than legacy platforms, the possibility of correction, clarification and removal creates both new harm-reduction opportunities and new challenges to	the historical record. Also known as a “right to erasure” or “right to oblivion,” the RTBF, now accepted in the European Union, recognizes that, even in the age of Google, people should retain some degree of control over information about	themselves and their pasts. (Factsheet on the ‘Right to be Forgotten’ ruling (C131-12), n.d.; Manna, 2014; Rosen, 2012). This paper will explore both legal and ethical implications of the issue.