bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large-Scale Implementation of Bioenergy With Carbon Capture and Storage in the Swedish Pulp and Paper Industry Involving Biomass Supply at the Regional Level
Authors: Karlsson Sebastian , Eriksson Anders , Normann Fredrik , Johnsson Filip 
Published: October 2021

Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) has been identified as a possible major contributor to efforts to reach ambitious climate targets through the provision of negative emissions–offsetting residual fossil emissions in “hard-to-abate” sectors and accomplishing net-negative emissions. The pulp and paper industry is the single largest consumer of biomass in Sweden, with many large point sources of biogenic CO2 emissions that could be captured. This work investigates the biomass supply required for large-scale implementation of BECCS in the pulp and paper industry. Logging residues are considered as a fuel to supply the additional energy demand imposed by the capture plant, and the potential of these residues is evaluated in a case study that includes four pulp and paper mills located in regions of Sweden with different conditions for biomass supply. Two of the mills are located in southern Sweden, where there is strong competition for logging residues from the heating sector, and two of the mills are located in northern Sweden, where the competition is weaker. We show that implementing carbon capture at the four pulp and paper mills using regional logging residues to supply the additional heat demand required by the capture process (the reboiler heat demand) has the potential to capture around 4.6 Mt CO2/year. The results also show that the fuel share of the capture cost, i.e., the cost to supply the reboiler heat demand with regional logging residues, is 22–30 €/tCO2 captured, where the lower value corresponds to regions with weaker competition for logging residues (in this study, northern Sweden). In regions that have competition for logging residues, the possibility to increase the regional supply of logging residues to fuel the capture process while maintaining mill production output is limited, which in turn limits the possibilities to generate negative emissions via BECCS. In contrast, in regions with a low level of competition and strong availability of logging residues, there is an additional potential for logging residues to cover the additional heat demand required for CCS implementation.
Performance Improvement of KCS (Kalina Cycle System) 34 by Replacing Throttle Valve With Single-Screw Expander
Authors: Zhang Xinxin , Li Zhenlei , Wang Jingfu , Wu Yuting , Ma Chongfang 
Published: October 2021

In order to recover the energy loss due to the throttling in the path of ammonia-lean solution in the Kalina Cycle System (KCS) 34, two redesigned cycles, in which single-screw expanders that can perform two-phase expansion are used to replace the throttle valve, are proposed in this paper. The results show that the thermal efficiency and net work of two redesigned cycles are higher than those of the original KCS 34. With the concentration increase of ammonia-water mixture, the work produced by the single-screw expander B in two redesigned cycles gradually decreases, and the difference between the work produced in two redesigned cycles also gradually decreases. The original KCS 34 and two redesigned cycles have high exergy efficiency. The highest cycle exergy efficiency of 56.59% can be obtained in the II-redesigned cycle when the evaporation pressure is 3.0 MPa and ammonia-water concentration is 0.75.
Satellite-Based Analysis of Spatial–Temporal Distributions of NH3 and Factors of Influence in North China
Authors: Zhi-li Deng , Qian-qian Zhang , Xing-ying Zhang 
Published: October 2021

NH3 is an important part of the global nitrogen cycle as the most important atmospheric alkaline gas. NH3 reacts rapidly with acidic substances and accelerates the generation of particulate matter (PM2.5), which has important effects on the atmosphere and climate change. In this study, satellite NH3 column data were used to analyze spatial and temporal distributions of NH3 in China, and because of high concentrations and rates of change, North China was selected for more detailed analysis. Qualitative analysis was conducted to understand the relations between concentrations of NH3 and those of SO2 and NO2. Last, the random forest method was used to quantify relations between concentrations of atmospheric NH3 and factors influencing those concentrations, such as meteorological factors, NH3 self-emission, and concentrations of SO2 and NO2. Satellite-retrieved NH3 column concentrations showed an increasing trend during the 11 years from 2008 to 2018, and the rate of increase in summer was faster than that in winter. In those 11 years, NH3 self-emission had the greatest influence on NH3 concentrations. Concentrations of SO2 and NO2 had some effect and were negatively correlated with NH3 concentrations. The effect of SO2 on NH3 concentration was greater than that of NO2. Atmospheric NH3 concentration was also affected by meteorological conditions (temperature, relative humidity, pressure, and wind). In summer, temperature is the most important factors of meteorological conditions and relative humidity is the most important factors in winter. Therefore, to better control atmospheric NH3 concentrations, it is particularly important to formulate practical NH3 emission reduction policies and to consider the effects of SO2 and NO2 emission reduction policies.
Integrative Characterization of the Role of IL27 In Melanoma Using Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Dong Chunyu , Dang Dan , Zhao Xuesong , Wang Yuanyuan , Wang Zhijun , Zhang Chuan 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundIL27 has been reported to play dual roles in cancer; however, its effects on the tumor microenvironment (TME), immunotherapy, and prognosis in melanoma remain largely unclear. This study was aimed to uncover the effects of IL27 on TME, immunotherapy and prognosis in patients with melanoma.MethodsRNA-seq data, drug sensitivity data, and clinical data were obtained from TCGA, GEO, CCLE, and CTRP. Log-rank test was used to determine the survival value of IL27. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were employed to determine the independent predictors of survival outcomes. DAVID and GSEA were used to perform gene set functional annotations. ssGSEA was used to explore the association between IL27 and immune infiltrates. ConsensusClusterPlus was used to classify melanoma tissues into hot tumors or cold tumors.ResultsClinically, IL27 was negatively correlated with Breslow depth (P = 0.00042) and positively associated with response to radiotherapy (P = 0.038). High IL27 expression showed an improved survival outcome (P = 0.00016), and could serve as an independent predictor of survival outcomes (hazard ratio: 0.32 - 0.88, P = 0.015). Functionally, elevated IL27 expression could induce an enhanced immune response and pyroptosis (R = 0.64, P = 1.2e-55), autophagy (R = 0.37, P = 7.1e-17) and apoptosis (R = 0.47, P = 1.1e-27) in patients with melanoma. Mechanistically, elevated IL27 expression was positively correlated with cytotoxic cytokines (including INFG and GZMB), enhanced immune infiltrates, and elevated CD8/Treg ratio (R = 0.14, P = 0.02), possibly driving CD8+ T cell infiltration by suppressing β-catenin signaling in the TME. Furthermore, IL27 was significantly associated with hot tumor state, multiple predictors of response to immunotherapy, and improved drug response in patients with melanoma.ConclusionsIL27 was correlated with enriched CD8+ T cells, desirable therapeutic response and improved prognosis. It thus can be utilized as a promising modulator in the development of cytokine-based immunotherapy for melanoma.
Diabetes Mellitus Increases the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Váncsa Szilárd , Németh Dávid , Hegyi Péter , Szakács Zsolt , Farkas Ádám , Kiss Szabolcs , Hegyi Péter Jenő , Kanjo Anna , Sarlós Patrícia , Erőss Bálint , Pár Gabriella 
Published: October 2021

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients treated with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) are still at risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after sustained virologic response (SVR). This study aimed to investigate the role of diabetes mellitus (DM) as a potential predictive risk factor in developing de novo HCC in HCV-infected patients after DAA treatment.Methods: This study was registered on PROSPERO under registration number CRD42021230457. We performed a systematic search in four medical databases from inception through November 3rd, 2020. Studies were eligible if they reported on HCV-infected patients treated with DAAs and compared the frequency of de novo HCC in patients with and without DM. We calculated pooled odds ratios, unadjusted (UHR), and adjusted hazard ratios (AHR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in meta-analysis.Results: We included 30 articles in our systematic review and meta-analysis. DM proved to be a significant risk factor of HCC in DAA-treated HCV patients in unadjusted (UHR = 1.44, CI: 1.15–1.79) and adjusted analyses (AHR = 1.31, CI: 1.06–1.62). In the group of patients achieving SVR after DAA therapy, DM increased the risk of HCC in unadjusted (UHR = 1.3, CI: 1.09–1.51) analysis; however, in adjusted results, the risk was non-significant (AHR = 1.07, CI: 0.89–1.28). In patients with advanced liver fibrosis, DM was a risk factor for HCC in adjusted (AHR = 1.36, CI: 1.03–1.8), but not in unadjusted analysis (UHR = 1.11, CI: 0.8–1.42).Conclusions: DM is an independent risk factor of de novo HCC after DAA treatment in HCV-infected patients.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=230457, identifier: CRD42021230457.
Current Utilization and Research Status of Traditional East Asian Herbal Medicine Treatment for Multiple Sclerosis: A Scoping Review
Authors: Seo Yuna , Jin Chul , Cho Seung-Yeon , Park Seong-Uk , Jung Woo-Sang , Moon Sang-Kwan , Park Jung-Mi , Ko Chang-Nam , Cho Ki-Ho , Kwon Seungwon 
Published: October 2021

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease of the central nervous system that is gradually increasing in prevalence. The etiology of MS remains unknown; however, it is assumed to be caused by a deterioration of autoimmune regulation. Although immunomodulatory agents are a standard treatment option in patients with MS, there is insufficient evidence about their clinical efficacy in symptomatic treatment, and many MS patients resort to complementary and alternative medicine. For this reason, we conducted a scoping review to investigate the current status of the clinical evidence related to traditional East Asian herbal medicine treatment for MS and to inform future research and treatment strategies.Method: A scoping review is an emerging methodology for knowledge synthesis that adopts the Arksey and O'Malley framework. The research question was, “What has been studied about the herbal medicine treatments administered to patients with MS?” Articles published until 2019 were identified in six databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, KoreaMed, NDSL, and OASIS) in March of 2020. Data from the included studies were charted and descriptively analyzed in relation to the study's research questions.Results: Of the 1,445 articles identified, 14 studies were included in this review. Single and serial case reports constituted the majority (42.86%), with 57.14% of studies conducted in China. A total of 20 prescriptions containing 95 herbs were used in the intervention and observational studies. Herbal medicines were effective at improving clinical symptoms of MS and reducing recurrence frequency. The main cause of MS was presumed to be oxidative stress, which enhances inflammation and, consequently, causes neuronal death.Conclusion: Herbal medicines were determined to improve the symptoms of MS and to reduce the frequency of recurrences. This study suggests that herbal medicines are promising and worth pursuing further studies but the state of current evidence is poor. Thus, further, high-quality studies included larger randomized trial are required.
Sex Difference in the Association Between Eating Away From Home and the Risk of High Serum Uric Acid in South China
Authors: Chen Shao-wei , Wang Ping , Ji Gui-yuan , Jiang Qi , Hong Xiao-min , Ma Wen-jun , Huang Rui , Chen Zi-hui , Peng Jie-wen 
Published: October 2021

Background: The prevalence of high serum uric acid is increasingly rising in recent years, and diet behavior is perceived to be associated with it. This study aimed to explore the relationship between eating away from home (EAFH) and the risk of high serum uric acid in adults in South China.Methods: The data utilized in this study were from Guangdong Nutrition and Health Survey (NHS) 2015. Serum uric acid concentration was detected. EAFH in the past week was investigated. We defined EAFH as food consumption away from home. Dietary data were collected by 24-h recalls on 3 consecutive days. A generalized linear mixed-effects model was applied to compute the odds ratio (OR) and its corresponding 95% CI.Results: A total of 3,489 individuals were included in this study. A 1.27-fold OR (95% CI: 1.05–1.52, P = 0.012) of high serum uric acid was identified in adults with EAFH in comparison with those without EAFH. With respect to men, a 1.66-fold OR (95% CI: 1.3–2.1, P &lt; 0.001) of high serum uric acid was observed. We also observed that men with EAFH had higher intakes of red meat, poultry, vegetable, carbohydrate, protein, fat, and total energy, while a lower grain intake than those without EAFH. However, there was a lack of significant association between EAFH and the odds ratio of high serum uric acid in women. Women with EAFH did not have higher consumptions of red meat, vegetable, fish, fat, and water than those without EAFH.Conclusions: This study found that EAFH was associated with an increased odds ratio of high serum uric acid in men, but not in women.
MRI-Based Machine Learning in Differentiation Between Benign and Malignant Breast Lesions
Authors: Zhao Yanjie , Chen Rong , Zhang Ting , Chen Chaoyue , Muhelisa Muhetaer , Huang Jingting , Xu Yan , Ma Xuelei 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundDifferential diagnosis between benign and malignant breast lesions is of crucial importance relating to follow-up treatment. Recent development in texture analysis and machine learning may lead to a new solution to this problem.MethodThis current study enrolled a total number of 265 patients (benign breast lesions:malignant breast lesions = 71:194) diagnosed in our hospital and received magnetic resonance imaging between January 2014 and August 2017. Patients were randomly divided into the training group and validation group (4:1), and two radiologists extracted their texture features from the contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images. We performed five different feature selection methods including Distance correlation, Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT), least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), random forest (RF), eXtreme gradient boosting (Xgboost) and five independent classification models were built based on Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) algorithm.ResultsAll five models showed promising results to discriminate malignant breast lesions from benign breast lesions, and the areas under the curve (AUCs) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) were all above 0.830 in both training and validation groups. The model with a better discriminating ability was the combination of LDA + gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT). The sensitivity, specificity, AUC, and accuracy in the training group were 0.814, 0.883, 0.922, and 0.868, respectively; LDA + random forest (RF) also suggests promising results with the AUC of 0.906 in the training group.ConclusionThe evidence of this study, while preliminary, suggested that a combination of MRI texture analysis and LDA algorithm could discriminate benign breast lesions from malignant breast lesions. Further multicenter researches in this field would be of great help in the validation of the result.
ADORA2A-AS1 Restricts Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression via Binding HuR and Repressing FSCN1/AKT Axis
Authors: Pu Jian , Zhang Ya , Wang Anmin , Qin Zebang , Zhuo Chenyi , Li Wenchuan , Xu Zuoming , Tang Qianli , Wang Jianchu , Wei Huamei 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies. Increasing evidence revealed that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were frequently involved in various malignancies. Here, we explored the clinical significances, roles, and mechanisms of lncRNA ADORA2A antisense RNA 1 (ADORA2A-AS1) in HCC.MethodsThe clinical significances of ADORA2A-AS1 in HCC were analyzed using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project. The expressions of ADORA2A-AS1, Fascin Actin-Bundling Protein 1 (FSCN1), Matrix Metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2), and Baculoviral IAP Repeat Containing 7 (BIRC7) in HCC tissues and cells were measured by qRT-PCR. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine (EdU), caspase-3 activity assay, transwell migration and invasion assays, and xenograft growth and metastasis experiments were performed to evaluate the roles of ADORA2A-AS1 in HCC. RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation, qRT-PCR, Western blot, and RNA stability assay were performed to elucidate the mechanisms of ADORA2A-AS1 in HCC.ResultsADORA2A-AS1 was identified as an HCC-related lncRNA, whose low expression was correlated with advanced stage and poor outcome in HCC. Gain- and loss-of functional experiments demonstrated that ADORA2A-AS1 inhibited HCC cell proliferation, induced cell apoptosis, repressed cell migration and invasion, and repressed xenograft growth and metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, ADORA2A-AS1 competitively bound HuR (Hu Antigen R), repressed the binding of HuR to FSCN1 transcript, decreased FSCN1 transcript stability, and downregulated FSCN1 expression. The expression of FSCN1 was negatively correlated with ADORA2A-AS1 in HCC tissues. Through downregulating FSCN1, ADORA2A-AS1 repressed AKT pathway activation. Functional rescue assays showed that blocking of FSCN1/AKT axis abrogated the roles of ADORA2A-AS1 in HCC.ConclusionLow-expression ADORA2A-AS1 is correlated with poor survival of HCC patients. ADORA2A-AS1 exerts tumor-suppressive roles in HCC via binding HuR and repressing FSCN1/AKT axis.
Effect of Mahuang Fuzi and Shenzhuo Decoction on Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy: A Multicenter, Nonrandomized, Single-Arm Clinical Trial
Authors: Dong Zhaocheng , Dai Haoran , Gao Yu , Jiang Hanxue , Liu Meiqi , Liu Fei , Liu Wenbin , Feng Zhendong , Zhang Xiaoyan , Ren Aijie , Li Xiaolan , Rui Hongliang , Tian Xuefei , Li Guiming , Liu Baoli 
Published: October 2021

Objective: To explore the clinical effect of Mahuang Fuzi and Shenzhuo Decoction on idiopathic membranous nephropathy.Methods: This study is a multicenter, nonrandomized, single-arm clinical trial carried out as per the objective performance criteria, with the target being set at 35.0%. 184 cases of patients suffering from idiopathic membranous nephropathy with Shaoyin Taiyin syndrome were collected. These patients were treated with Mahuang Fuzi and Shenzhuo Decoction with a follow-up period of 3 years. The 24-hour urine protein and blood albumin were observed, and the remission rates of the patients were compared with the target.Results: The mean follow-up time was 18 (12.5, 30) months, and the remission rate was 61.4%, which is a statistically significant difference from the target group of 35%. The remission rates for patients who had and had not used immunosuppressive therapy were 59.6 and 65.5%, respectively, but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.254). However, the albumin before the treatment and the course of treatment of the patients was significantly correlated with the disease remission (p &lt; 0.05). However, the albumin before the treatment and the course of treatment of the patients was significantly correlated with the disease remission (p &lt; 0.05). There were no significant changes in renal function before and after treatment, and no severe adverse events occurred during treatment.Conclusion: Mahuang Fuzi and Shenzhuo Decoction have significant effects on idiopathic membranous nephropathy, and has the same effect on patients with membranous nephropathy who are newly treated as well as those who have been treated with immunosuppressive therapy without remission. In addition, the efficacy of this regimen is related to the albumin and the duration of the therapy, but not to 24-hour urine protein or other factors.
Securidaca inappendiculata Polyphenol Rich Extract Counteracts Cognitive Deficits, Neuropathy, Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Encephalopathic Rats via p38 MAPK/Nrf2/HO-1 Pathways
Authors: Pang Xiaojun , Makinde Emmanuel Ayobami , Eze Fredrick Nwude , Olatunji Opeyemi Joshua 
Published: October 2021

Diabetic encephalopathy is one of the serious emerging complication of diabetes. Securidaca inappendiculata is an important medicinal plant with excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of S. inappendiculata polyphenol rich extract (SiPE) against diabetic encephalopathy in rats and elucidated the potential mechanisms of action. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was induced using high fructose solution/intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin and the diabetic rats were treated with SiPE (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. Learning and memory functions were assessed using the Morris water and Y maze tests, depressive behaviour was evaluated using forced swimming and open field tests, while neuropathic pain assessment was assessed using hot plate, tail immersion and formalin tests. After the experiments, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), oxidative stress biomarkers and proinflammatory cytokines, caspase-3 and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B (NF-κB) were determined by ELISA kits. In addition, the expression levels of p38, phospho-p38 (p-p38), nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were determined by western blot analyses. The results indicated that SiPE administration significantly lowered blood glucose level, attenuated body weight loss, thermal/chemical hyperalgesia, improved behavioural deficit in the Morris water maze, Y maze test and reduced depressive-like behaviours. Furthermore, SiPE reduced AChE, caspase-3, NF-κB, malonaldehyde malondialdehyde levels and simultaneously increased antioxidant enzymes activity in the brain tissues of diabetic rats. SiPE administration also significantly suppressed p38 MAPK pathway and upregulated the Nrf2 pathway. The findings suggested that SiPE exerted antidiabetic encephalopathy effects via modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation.