bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Client’s Satisfaction toward Communication Skills among Doctors in Primary Health Care Centers in Erbil City
Authors: Shekho Zhian Mueen , Fatah Kareem Aziz 
Published: September 2021

Back ground and Objectives: Effective communication is important at all steps of human life, most especially in healthcare organizations because it enables good relationships between doctors and clients and helps them in challenging healthcare choices. This study aimed to identify level of satisfaction of clients with communication of doctors in primary health care centers and to find out the association between client’s satisfaction and their socio-demographics.
Methods: Quantitative design, cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted to determine the level of client’s satisfaction toward communication skills of doctors in four primary health care centers. The data were collected at the period of 15th of April, 2019 to 1st of July, 2019. So, 300 clients were chosen randomly.
Result: The mean age + SD was 35.0 + 10.8 years, ranging from 19 to 70 years. The median was 33 years. The majority (71%) of the clients aged less than 40 years. Around two thirds (64.3%) of the clients were females, and 80.3% of the clients were Muslims. Around one third (34.3%) of the clients attended the PHC centers for immunization, 32% for checkup, and 23% for medical treatment. 34.4% of the clients visit the PHC center more than four times per year, 26% visit the center four times per year, and 25% of the clients visit the center three times per year. There was no significant association between the communication skills of doctors with the following variables: age of the client (p = 0.096), gender (p = 0.315), religion (p = 0.653), educational level (p = 0.615), type of health care services (p = 0.469), and number of visits per year (p = 0.089).
Conclusion: study revealed that 26% of clients who were very satisfied with physician’s communication skills, and 36.3% were satisfied, and 6.7 % dissatisfied. There were no significant association between the client satisfactions of doctors with their socio-demographical characteristics.
A Proposal System Design of Evaluating Employees Performance in Qaladze Bank, Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Authors: Hassan Muzhgan Ibrahim , Ahmed Aso Kurdo 
Published: September 2021

This study presents a new model for Evaluating employees’ performance by considering their job criteria so that employees are evaluated not only on the basis of their individual criteria but also on the job criteria they are working on. This is the most important feature of this research compared to previous cases. Based on the presented model, the relevant criteria with discrete coefficients are determined for the two individual criteria and job criteria. Individual criteria were obtained through library studies and partial selection into three managerial, social, and technical groups. Occupational criteria were selected based on the results of one of the studies. To determine the coefficients of the principal and sub-individual criteria, the simple and fuzzy AHP method is used to determine occupational criteria, respectively, and the simple and fuzzy AHP paired scales To determine the coefficients of job criteria. Finally, each employee is given scores (maximum 5) on each of the occupational and individual criteria. Employee rankings are based on the coefficients of individual and occupational criteria as well as the points earned, using TOPSIS algorithm. The final score of each employee is calculated based on the average score of two points obtained by the TOPSIS method. All of the above steps are designed in the TOPSIS format of an Excel spreadsheet decision support system with VB programming language and at Qaladze Bank level, which consists of 75 employees and 10 departments. In order to execute the model more accurately, it is recommended that a person or group be consulted on all the jobs of the organization to comment on all the coefficients of the available jobs in the organization to make assertions about the business coefficients that underlie the proposed model. Also add a 360-degree evaluation method to measure people from different perspectives.
Pronounced Skin Diseases In The Crown Of The Bride For Zubaidi
Authors: Mahmood Kosar Dler , AL Samaraee Ibrahim Abud 
Published: September 2021

Lexical authorship is one of the most important efforts that cannot be underestimated because of its role in understanding the meanings and semantics of words. Studies have proven that Arabic is one of the most widely used languages ​​in the world. Arabic or Dad has received more attention than other languages, so the crown of the bride is one of the largest dictionaries that contain a huge number of vocabulary including words related to diseases. For leather.
Dermatology or dermatology is a medical specialty that deals with diseases of the skin and mucous membranes. It is also concerned with nail and hair diseases and is traditionally associated with sexually transmitted diseases. The doctor in this medical branch is often called a dermatologist. Of external influences and visible.
Skin diseases and disorders differ in the severity of their symptoms, their causes, and the strength of their effect; some cases may be mild, transient and may be life-threatening, so the research aims to study and show the words skin diseases mentioned in the bride's crown Zubaidi distributed on diseases related to pimples, skin color change, And dissected superficial and flesh contact, tumors in addition to hair diseases, which are classified as skin diseases, and concluded the study with the conclusion of the most important findings of the research, including: The most diseases that affect the skin phenomenon, which makes it a social disease more than organically, most of the words mentioned Zubaidi, a skin still Mskhaddmhaly this day and widespread medical, unlike synonymous words that have disappeared and have become unused.
What is critique in Kant’s Critical philosophy
Authors: Faraj Nawzad Jamal 
Published: September 2021

This paper tries to answer a main question: what is critics and criticism? It is obvious that Kant’s philosophy marked by “Criticism” which is defined as a philosophical turn in the history of philosophy. In Kant’s philosophy critic is not just a title of his three main books, but it is his way of look at philosophy and the role of philosopher. In other words, the main task of philosophy and philosophizing, it is not defending or interpreting a single philosophical perspective, but it is to judge and criticize all kinds of philosophical enquires.
This mean that since Kant’s approach, philosophical inquiry has taken another direction: toward the critic of philosophical subjects. Philosophy have to start with critic of reason and its scope. And reason alone is in charge of criticizing. In other words, reason is the suspicious guilty one and the defender in the court of reason.
Financial Rights of Journalists in Media Institutions
Authors: Mohammed Kawa Abdulridha , Jalal Iman Safauldeen , Rashid Ikram Saeed , Hussein Ashti Hama Salih 
Published: September 2021

In order to achieve the objectives of the study, this descriptive research is divided into three main chapters; the first chapter introduces the research methodology, while the second chapter addresses the theoretical part with the major focus on the rights and responsibilities of journalists within the frame of law. Finally, the third chapter is devoted to present the practical part in addition to statistical analysis to the collected data taken from the population of the study which embraces neighborhoods and suburbs of Sulaimaniyah.
For the primary data collection, this descriptive research relied on distributing one hundred and fifty questionnaires shared among one hundred and fifty media professionals who work for Gali Kurdistan Media Agency and NRT Channels. Then, the collected data went through an adequate and comprehensive analysis by means of SPSS. At the end of this research, many results were pointed out, above all, the study found that the law in force fails to provide and secure the rights of journalists in Kurdistan Region.
Independent Personality and its Relationship to the Hiding Feelings Among University Students in Erbil Province
Authors: Ahmed Halat Abdalwahid , Salih Yousif Hama 
Published: September 2021

Background: Independent personality, is a basic feature of the personality of the normal individual and it positively affects the life of the individual and society, while hiding feelings negatively affects the life of the individual and society.

Methods: The researchers used the descriptive curriculum، and the sample is of university youths, and the number of the students is (400) students، and adopted the scale (Molly،2013) to measure the personality of independence، consisted of (35) items and three (options) to answer, and a measure was prepared to measure the hiding feelings, and was formed in its final form after completing the conditions of validity and reliability of (25) items and four options to the answers and then analyzed the data by using the statistical program (SPSS).

Results: the independent personality and hidden feelings among university students are at a high level، and there is no significant relationship between independent personality and hidden feelings.
Specialties and Medical Services in Andalusia From the Islamic Conquest to the Era of the Kings of the Taifas (92 AH - 422 AH / 711 AD - 1031 AD)
Authors: Mirza Gulistan Ahmed 
Published: September 2021

The medical movement in Andalusia was gradually developed in the period from (92-422/711-1031) until it reached a qualitative and scientific shift in its provision of medical services and the diversity of its specialties in the treatment of diseases. Medical specialties and services are among the most important achievements which Islamic medicine has reached. Doctors have developed these specialties through their medical works and innovations. And the role of the rulers in promoting the scientific movement has had a significant impact on this development.
In this research we will talk about the specialties and services that were offered to the patients of Andalusia from the Islamic conquest to the era of the kings of the sects. The research consists of two sections, a summary and a conclusion and a list of sources and references.
The Role of New Media Tools in Marketing for Goods and Services
Authors: Mahmud Parwa Omer , Kakashekh Hardawan Mahmoud 
Published: September 2021

This research is an attempt to determine the role of new media tools in marketing for goods and services through a sample of marketing companies for goods and services. This research refers to the way marketing and electronic marketing equipment are used, and the most used marketing tools in the Kurdistan Region are.
The most important outcomes researchers have received are the art of marketing in new media forms, due to the nature and technique of new media forms and the number of use by participants. According to the majority of Facebook research samples, it comes in the first rank in the marketing process for services and this seems to be because the number of Facebook users is higher than any other network Facebook's options and usage options are also easier to market and the YouTweed social network has the least use in the marketing process, which may be because of it, which would make it more skilled to prepare a video for the marketing process. In the app chats, Viber comes first to marketing and telegram has the least users, and this is because of the wide and familiarity of people with App Viber, which the research samples believe It is more successful in the marketing process and the app ity of the architecture is because a small number of users are familiar with it, so it is not very successful in the marketing process. Also, about the role of new media forms, the website comes in the first place and the blog comes in the rank of co-coordinator because the blog in the research community is not cared for and people don't have information about it.
The Effectiveness of An Educational Program Based on The Theory of Cognitive Load in the Development of Reasoning Among Students in the Eighth Grade in the Social Subject
Authors: Sadiq Mohamad Mahyadin , Hama-Ameen Othman Abdullah 
Published: September 2021

The research aims at identifying (The effectiveness of an educational program based on theory of cognitive load in the development of reasoning among students in the eighth grade in the social material). Through the application of the reasoning Test, which was prepared by (Al-Jabari, 1994) for Basic school students and applied to the Iraqi environment, the standard measure is (50) paragraphs for measuring reasoning, and the researcher has followed descriptive and experimental approaches. The study participants were (74) male and female students randomly divided into two groups: Experimental Group (37), male and female students and a group of control (37), male and female students. The researcher taught the experimental group using the educational program based on the cognitive load theory, while the control group was taught by traditional education.

The results of the study showed that the students of the experimental group who studied according to the educational program are superior to the students of the control group who studied in the traditional method of reasoning. The results also showed that there are no differences between the average grades of the test for males and females in the test of reasoning. The students of the experimental group who studied social studies according to the educational program based on the cognitive load theory.
The Effects of Media Language Using of Comedian Program Audiences of Kurdish Televisions; BEZMÎ BEZM Program at KurdMax TV As A Case Study
Authors: Aivas Shwan Adam , Abdulla Mahabad Kamel 
Published: September 2021

This study is an attempt to evaluate the effects of media language misusing in comedian programs of Iraqi Kurdish televisions. To achieve this goal, the researchers have done an online survey with 145 TV viewers; as well as analyzing the thematic contents of 12 episodes of the BEZMÎ BEZM program on the KurdMax satellite channel.

Based on the research results; media language misusing in the BEZMÎ BEZM program has negative effects on viewers of this program, despite the fact that the majority of opinions agreed on the definition of this satellite as a Kurdish entertainment channel and the rates of views of its main programs "Great". However, they also agreed that this program on the KurdMax satellite channel has become a popular platform for insults, exchange of accusations, and defamation of certain personalities and groups in society, and a reason for sabotaging the Kurdish language and its methods, producing linguistic and psychological violence and highlighting gender discrimination. In addition to sabotaging the public taste of viewers, lack of respect for their needs, delinquency of adolescents, reducing the value of artistic work etiquette and educational foundations, and underestimating the family and Kurdish culture and its peculiarities. As for the topics presented in this program, the main goal is to make viewers laugh only and to achieve this; they do not hesitate to spread market language and archaic and patriarchal cultures, encourage gender differences of men and women, social and sexual taboos, defame personalities, neglect health guidelines, and violate professional media ethics. All of the above; represents the main identity of the BEZMÎ BEZM program on the KurdMax satellite channel. As a final point, this research has recommended the relevant people and bodies to subordinate such programs in order to review its content based on legal and ethical media standards, laws, and rules of the Kurdish language, along with abiding professional art principles.
Геометричні характеристики s-подібних (логістичних) кривих, що застосовуються при моделюванні явища гістерезису
Authors: Гадецька С.В. , Дубницький В.Ю. , Кушнерук Ю.І. , Філатова Л.Д. , Ходирєв О.І. 
Published: September 2021

В роботі розглянуто методи побудови математичних моделей явища гістерезису, які придатні для його опису в об'єктах довільної природи. В результаті аналізу літератури встановлено, що явище гістерезису спостерігається не тільки у фізиці, але і в багатьох галузях знань, таких як моделювання антитерористичних операцій, опис роботи різних механізмів, гідрогеологія, економіка, планування навчального процесу. Показано, що в цих випадках найбільш вдалим методом апроксимації петлі гістерезису буде використання S-образних (логістичних) кривих. Наведено приклад побудови S-подібної (логістичної) кривої з використанням перетворення графіка функції гіперболічного тангенсу. В роботі досліджено властивості двохпараметричних, трьохпараметричних та чотирьохпараметричних логістичних кривих, S-подібних кривих Гомперца і Вейбулла. В роботі наведено вирази для визначення таких властивостей кривих, як: дотична в точці М(x0, y0) кривина кривої в довільній точці М(x, y) радіус кривини в довільній точці М(x, y), координати ξ, η центру С кривини, еластичність функції по аргументу і взаємна еластичність по параметрах. Останнє особливо важливе при дослідженні процесів, пов'язаних з отриманням матеріалів із заданими властивостями. Співвідношення еластичності надають можливість вивчити вплив відносної зміни властивостей зовнішнього середовища на відносну зміну значення функції, яку вивчають. Гранична норма заміщення надає можливість оцінити вплив внутрішніх властивостей по відношенню до явища, що вивчається, на значення функції, що вивчається. Це може бути корисним при синтезі матеріалів із заданими властивостями.
Awareness, Enrollment and Utilization of Health Insurance among Adults of Pokhara
Authors: Sharma Dibya , Basnet Priyanka , Kafle Ramchandra 
Published: September 2021

Introduction
Procuring a health insurance is important because medical care is expensive, especially in private sector. Hospitalization nowadays is very expensive. Financial burden while being sick can be managed wisely by paying a small annual premium which would lessen stress in case of medical emergencies. The objective of study is to assess awareness, enrollment and utilization of health insurance and find out association between awareness and enrollment with demographic variables.
Material and methods
A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted to assess awareness, enrollment and utilization of health insurance among adult of Phulbari-11, Pokhara. The study was conducted during the period from June – August 2019 among 153 adult using purposive sampling. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics using Statistical Package for Social Science(SPSS) version 18.0.
Result: Nearly 61% were young adult. About 2/3rd (66%) were female. Majority (82.4%) had received some form of formal education. About 57% were aware about health insurance and 40% had enrolled in it. Among them, more than 2/3rd (69%) had procured service at least once. Respondent's awareness is statistically significant with ethnicity. Enrollment in health insurance is significantly associated with age, ethnicity, marital status, history of chronic illness, family history of chronic illness and awareness of health insurance.
Conclusion:
Awareness about health insurance is low. Enrollment and utilization of the scheme is not as expected. The enrollment in this scheme can further be enhanced through government effort to increase awareness among community people with the help of health care personnel and media.
Ear, Nose, Throat and Head and Neck Surgery Activity in Tertiary Care Center during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rijal Krishna Chandra , Koirala Krishna Prasad , Karki Bikram Babu , Maharjan Manita 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID 19) is an infectious respiratory disease caused by the novel virus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Till 31st August 2020, 39460 COVID-19 positive cases confirmed and 228 deaths occurred in Nepal. The surgical activities in the division of ENT and HNS (Ear, Nose, Throat and Head and Neck Surgery) across the world has been affected with many hospitals confining themselves to only emergency or essential surgeries due to implementation of lockdown by many countries. Manipal Teaching Hospital being a tertiary care referral centre in western Nepal has wide array of cases coming from various parts of the country and due to the pandemic the surgical activity of our ENT and HNS unit has undergone profound changes.
Methods: A six months prospective study of “ENT and HNS Surgical Activity in Tertiary Care Center during COVID-19 Pandemic” was conducted in the department of ENT and HNS, Manipal college of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal. Statistical analysis of the study was done for various parameters like age, sex, incidence and types of elective and emergency surgeries and comparing the frequency of surgeries done during the COVID-19 pandemic vs that during the same period in the previous year.
Results: This study includes a total of 56 surgery cases out of which 26 were emergency and 30 were elective. Among 26 emergency cases, five were ear, one was nose, nine were throat and 11 were head & neck cases. Similarly, among 30 elective cases, six were ear, eight were nose, 11 were throat and five were head & neck cases. The most commonly performed emergency cases were incision and drainage of abscess followed by repair of wounds and rigid oesophagoscopy and removal of foreign body. Commonly performed elective cases were excision of ENT and HNS lesions followed by Functional endoscopic sinus surgery.
Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic caused a steep decrease in ENT and HNS surgical activities both the elective and emergency surgery.
Conventional Pap Smear Cytology in a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Gurung Tika Kumari , Adhikari Shree Prasad , Adhikari Ayushma , Shrestha Reecha , Pun Chum Maya , Pun Chum Maya 
Published: September 2021

Abstract:
Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women with high mortality. Since it is a preventable cancer, screening for cervical cancer with Papanicolaou test (Pap Test) is considered as the stepping stone in its cure by detecting at its premalignant state. The two methods of acquiring the sample for cytology are Conventional method and liquid based cytology.
Methods: The Pap test results of the patients who visited the outpatient clinic of the Gynecologic Department of Gandaki Medical College and Teaching Hospital from January 2012 to December 2017 were reviewed and analyzed from the medical records. The findings of Pap test results were tabulated and categorized as per Bethesda system of classification (2001).
Results: A total of 2004 Pap tests were taken. All of the patients in the study were married with mean age of 39.7±10.3 years. A total of 1291(64.42%) Pap tests were normal or negative for intraepithelial lesion whereas 578(28.84%) were inflammatory smears while 37(1.85%) were inadequate for evaluation. There was a presence of low grade intraepithelial lesion in 4(0.2%) and high grade intraepithelial lesion in 15(0.75%). Atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance (ASCUS) was noted in 11(0.55%) and frank malignancy was noted in 1(0.05%) of total Pap test samples.
Conclusion: In a developing country like Nepal, Pap test is still the preferred cervical cancer screening tool. All women should undergo the screening test for cervical cancer with any feasible available test.
Key words: Bethesda system; cervical cancer; HPV; Pap Test.