bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pyrrolidinium‐PEG Ionic Copolyester: Li‐Ion Accelerator in Polymer Network Solid‐State Electrolytes
Authors: Choi Young Gyun , Shin Jong Chan , Park Anseong , Jeon Young Min , Kim Jin Il , Kim Sebin , Kim Seulwoo , Lee Won Bo , Lee Minjae , Park Jong Hyeok 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNonflammable lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) are developed by adapting polymer solid electrolytes, but their insufficient electrochemical performance has not been fully addressed to date. Crosslinked polymer gel electrolytes with minimal organic solvents (hard gels) are proven to be nonflammable electrolytes, but their lithium metal battery performance is not comparable to those of conventional liquid electrolyte‐based systems. Here, a semi‐interpenetrating polymer network (semi‐IPN) ion‐transporting solid film that comprises a UV‐curable crosslinked polymer and tailored linear pyrrolidinium‐polyethylene glycol copolyester ion channels (named PNPEG), is reported. PNPEG can solvate Li+ effectively with the help of carbonate solvents. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations confirm that Li+ transportation is accelerated due to the weaker interaction between PNPEG and Li+ ions than between the solvents and ions. The semi‐IPN electrolyte with PNPEG exhibits a flexible, nonflammable nature with an ionic conductivity of 4.2 × 10−1 mS cm−1 and Li+ transference number of 0.51. The individual pyrrolidinium‐Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (pyrrolidinium‐Tf2N) monomer and PEG chain ratios in PNPEG strongly affect battery performance, and the optimized semi‐IPN‐based lithium metal half cells with LiCoO2 cathodes show greatly improved discharge capacity retention at high c‐rate conditions owing to effective Li+ transportation and excellent cycling performance (93.8% capacity retention after 200 cycles at 0.5 C).
Farmworkers and the gender wage gap: An empirical analysis of wage inequality in US agriculture
Authors: Fisher Monica , Lewin Paul A. , Pilgeram Ryanne 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe use nationally representative data from the National Agricultural Workers Survey to assess gender‐based differences in wages and benefits of hired farmworkers. Decomposition and matching results indicate that, compared to men, women make 5% to 6% less in hourly wages and are less likely to receive a bonus or have health insurance paid by their employer. These gender gaps are partly explained by differences between female and male farmworkers in farming experience, hours worked, farm tasks, and crops cultivated. Sizable proportions of the gender gaps are unexplained and the result of discrimination, unmeasured differences between women and men, or both.
Long Distance Between the Superior Mesenteric Artery Root and Bottom of the External Anal Sphincter Is a Risk Factor for Stoma Outlet Obstruction After Total Proctocolectomy and Ileal‐Pouch Anal Anastomosis for Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Mori Ryota , Ogino Takayuki , Sekido Yuki , Hata Tsuyoshi , Takahashi Hidekazu , Miyoshi Norikatsu , Uemura Mamoru , Doki Yuichiro , Eguchi Hidetoshi , Mizushima Tsunekazu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundStoma outlet obstruction (SOO) is much more common after total proctocolectomy (TPC) and ileal‐pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) for ulcerative colitis (UC) compared to after rectal surgery for cancer. Few prior reports have evaluated anatomical risk factors for SOO. In this study we aimed to clarify the risk factors for SOO after IPAA, focusing on the anatomical perspective.MethodsThis study included 68 UC patients who underwent IPAA with diverting ileostomy. These cases were analyzed based on clinicopathological factors and computed tomography (CT)‐based anatomical factors.ResultsSOO was identified in 18 patients (26.5%). We compared this SOO group with the non‐SOO group. The two groups significantly differed in sex distribution, and patients in the SOO group tended to have a longer postoperative hospital stay. Regarding surgery‐related factors, patients who underwent two‐stage surgery and experienced high‐output syndrome tended to develop SOO. Analysis of anatomical risk factors revealed that SOO was more common in patients with a longer distance between the root of their superior mesenteric artery and the bottom of the external anal sphincter (rSMA‐bEAS). This tendency remained significant even with adjustment for patient height. In multivariate analyses, adjusted rSMA‐bEAS (>191.0 mm/m) and male sex were independent risk factors associated with SOO.ConclusionA long rSMA‐bEAS distance suggests that the mesentery is likely to be under tension. In such cases, surgeons should endeavor to avoid tension in the mesentery as much as possible.
Benefits of stronger Neo‐Minophagen C in acute hepatitis after transarterial chemoembolization therapy for hepatomas
Authors: Huang Wen‐Chieh , Lin Yu‐Min , Kuo Hsing‐Tao , Sheu Ming‐Jen , Feng Yin‐Hsun , Feng I‐Che , Sun Chi‐Shu , Hsieh Ping‐Hsin , Lim Poh‐Poo , Chen Chi‐Hsing 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHepatitis after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is common. Stronger Neo‐Minophagen C (SNMC) has demonstrated benefits in patients with hepatitis. We aimed to determine its usefulness in post‐TACE hepatitis in patients with hepatomas. Overall, 60 patients with hepatomas who were treated with TACE were prospectively analyzed; of these, 30 patients underwent SNMC treatment after TACE. Daily serial changes in the liver function tests (serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase [AST], alanine aminotransferase [ALT], total bilirubin, prolonged prothrombin time, and international normalized ratio [PT/INR]) were compared between the two groups. Common complications, such as fever, nausea, and emesis, were also compared. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between the groups (P > .05). Although the absolute value of AST/ALT was lower in the SNMC treatment group, differences between the groups were nonsignificant. Total bilirubin and PT/INR levels were significantly different between the groups (P = .03 and .02, respectively), thus indicating potential SNMC effects on hepatocyte regeneration. Significant differences were also observed between the groups with respect to fever and nausea/emesis (both P = .002). Side effects of SNMC, such as hyperkalemia or hypertension, were not significantly different between the groups. SNMC demonstrated some benefits in patients with hepatomas after TACE.
The RRAS2 pathogenic variant p.Q72L produces severe Noonan syndrome with hydrocephalus: A case report
Authors: Weinstock Nadav I. , Sadler Laurie 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNoonan syndrome (NS) is the most common disease among RASopathies, characterized by short stature, distinctive facial features, congenital cardiac defects, and variable developmental delay. NS rarely presents with overt neurologic manifestations, in particular hydrocephalus. Recent evidence suggests that pathogenic variants in the gene RRAS2 are a rare cause of NS. Specifically, an RRAS2 pathogenic variant, p.Q72L, may be particularly severe, manifesting with lethal neurologic findings. Here, we report a NS patient with documented p.Q72L variant in RRAS2. The patient was identified in utero to have hydrocephalus and a Dandy Walker malformation. Postnatal examination revealed multiple dysmorphic features, some reminiscent of NS including low‐set posteriorly rotated ears, redundant nuchal skin, widely spaced nipples, and cryptorchidism. Despite suspicion of NS, results of a 14‐gene Noonan syndrome panel (Invitae) were negative. Follow‐up rapid whole exome sequencing revealed a de novo p.Q72L variant in RRAS2, a poorly studied gene recently identified as a cause of NS. The patient herein reported brings to three the total number of cases reported with the RRAS2 p.Q72L pathogenic variant. All three documented patients presented with a particularly fulminant course of NS, which included hydrocephalus. RRAS2, specifically p.Q72L, should be considered in severe NS cases with neurologic manifestations.
An Efficient Metal–Organic Framework‐Derived Nickel Catalyst for the Light Driven Methanation of CO2
Authors: Khan Il Son , Mateo Diego , Shterk Genrikh , Shoinkhorova Tuiana , Poloneeva Daria , Garzón‐Tovar Luis , Gascon Jorge 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe report the synthesis of a highly active and stable metal‐organic framework derived Ni‐based catalyst for the photothermal reduction of CO2 to CH4. Through the controlled pyrolysis of MOF‐74 (Ni), the nature of the carbonaceous species and therefore photothermal performance can be tuned. CH4 production rates of 488 mmol g−1 h−1 under UV‐visible‐IR irradiation are achieved when the catalyst is prepared under optimized conditions. No particle aggregation or significant loss of activity were observed after ten consecutive reaction cycles or more than 12 hours under continuous flow configuration. Finally, as a proof‐of‐concept, we performed an outdoor experiment under ambient solar irradiation, demonstrating the potential of our catalyst to reduce CO2 to CH4 using only solar energy.
Temperature‐Dependent CO2 Electroreduction over Fe‐N‐C and Ni‐N‐C Single‐Atom Catalysts
Authors: Lin Long , Li Haobo , Wang Yi , Li Hefei , Wei Pengfei , Nan Bing , Si Rui , Wang Guoxiong , Bao Xinhe 
Published: October 2021

AbstractReaction temperature is an important parameter to tune the selectivity and activity of electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) due to different thermodynamics of CO2RR and competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In this work, temperature‐dependent CO2RR over Fe‐N‐C and Ni‐N‐C single‐atom catalysts are investigated from 303 to 343 K. Increasing the reaction temperature improves and decreases CO Faradaic efficiency over Fe‐N‐C and Ni‐N‐C catalysts at high overpotentials, respectively. CO current density over Fe‐N‐C catalyst increases with temperature, then gets into a plateau at 323 K, finally reaches the maximum value of 185.8 mA cm−2 at 343 K. While CO current density over Ni‐N‐C catalyst achieves the maximum value of 252.5 mA cm−2 at 323 K, and then drops significantly to 202.9 mA cm−2 at 343 K. Temperature programmed desorption results and density functional theory calculations reveal that the difference of temperature‐dependent variation on CO Faradaic efficiency and current density between Fe‐N‐C and Ni‐N‐C catalysts results from the varied adsorption strength of key reaction intermediates during CO2RR.
An Exceptional Thermally Induced Four‐State Nonlinear Optical Switch Arising from Stepwise Molecular Dynamic Changes in a New Hybrid Salt
Authors: Zeng Ying , Hu Chun‐Li , Xu Wei‐Jian , Zeng Teng‐Wu , Zhu Zhao‐Xiang , Chen Xiao‐Xian , Liu De‐Xuan , Chen Yu‐Jie , Zhang Yue‐Biao , Zhang Wei‐Xiong , Chen Xiao‐Ming 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSwitching materials in channels of nonlinear optics (NLOs) are of particular interest in NLO material science. Numerous crystalline NLO switches based on structural phase transition have emerged, but most of them reveal a single‐step switch between two different second‐harmonic‐generation (SHG) states, and only very rare cases involve three or more SHG states. Herein, we report a new organic‐inorganic hybrid salt, (Me3NNH2)2[CdI4], which is an unprecedented case of a reversible three‐step NLO switch between SHG‐silent, ‐medium, ‐low, and ‐high states, with high contrasts of 25.5/4.3/9.2 in a temperature range of 213–303 K. By using the combined techniques of variable‐temperature X‐ray single‐crystal structural analyses, dielectric constants, solid‐state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and Hirshfeld surface analyses, we disclose that this four‐state switchable SHG behavior is highly associated with the stepwise‐changed molecular dynamics of the polar organic cations. This finding demonstrates well the complexity of molecular dynamics in simple hybrid salts and their potential in designing new advanced multistep switching materials.
Energy Band Alignment and Redox‐Active Sites in Metalloporphyrin‐Spaced Metal‐Catechol Frameworks for Enhanced CO2 Photoreduction
Authors: Chen Er‐Xia , Qiu Mei , Zhang Yong‐Fan , He Liang , Sun Ya‐Yong , Zheng Hui‐Li , Wu Xin , Zhang Jian , Lin Qipu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTwo new chemically stable metalloporphyrin‐bridged metal‐catechol frameworks, InTCP‐Co and FeTCP‐Co, were constructed to achieve artificial photosynthesis without additional sacrificial agents and photosensitizers. The CO2 photoreduction rate over FeTCP‐Co considerably exceeds that obtained over InTCP‐Co, and the incorporation of uncoordinated hydroxyl groups, associated with catechol, into the network further promotes the photocatalytic activity. The iron‐oxo coordination chain assists energy band alignment and provides a redox‐active site, and the uncoordinated hydroxyl group contributes to the visible‐light absorptance, charge‐carrier transfer, and CO2‐scaffold affinity. With a formic acid selectivity of 97.8 %, FeTCP‐OH‐Co affords CO2 photoconversion with a reaction rate 4.3 and 15.7 times higher than those of FeTCP‐ Co and InTCP‐Co, respectively. These findings are also consistent with the spectroscopic study and DFT calculation.
Development of biocomposite films from natural protein sources for food packaging applications: Structural characterization and physicochemical properties
Authors: Muthulakshmi Lakshmanan , Varada Rajulu A. , Ramakrishna Seeram , Thomas Sabu , Pruncu Catalin I. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNowadays, the utilization of biodegradable materials extracted from bio resources is gaining immense interest among the investigators mainly because of their natural availability and biodegradable behavior. In the present work, protein and protein rich compounds were used for the preparation of biodegradable films. The presence of protein in many substances was examined and protein content was screened in the samples of sheep milk protein, casein and gelatin. The protein content in sheep milk was relatively high. Each protein sample was tested for the preparation biocomposite film with the addition of certain plasticizer agents and cross linkers. The reagents used here include glycerol and polyethylene glycol as plasticizer, while glutaraldehyde served as cross‐linking agent. In alkali condition, glutaraldehyde reacted with the amino groups in the protein and formed excellent intermolecular linkages, which led to the development of biocomposite film. The volume fraction of different plasticizers and cross linkers and pH to be added was optimized. Different characterization techniques such as tensile, Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X‐ray diffraction, and degradation studies were carried to reveal the various sources of protein. The prepared biocomposite films can be used for food packaging application.
Community‐based citizen science projects can support the distributional monitoring of fishes
Authors: DiBattista Joseph D. , West Katrina M. , Hay Amanda C. , Hughes Julian M. , Fowler Ashley M. , McGrouther Mark A. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Effective conservation and fisheries management requires data to capture demographic processes and range limits for each species to maximize population health and productivity. This need is constrained by limited funding and resources, particularly for countries with large land areas and coastlines as well as expansive exclusive economic zones. This imbalance means that monitoring efforts are often focused on targets of commercial and recreational fishing, which results in incomplete distributional records for non‐target, small‐bodied, and/or cryptic species.
Community‐based citizen science projects offer one potential alternative for scientists and fisheries managers needing this type of information but lacking sufficient resources to gather it.
This study investigated whether data sourced from an online citizen science project (iNaturalist: Australasian Fishes) can assist in the distributional monitoring of a subset of fish species. Given the regional focus of this citizen science project, distributional data in the form of occurrence records for abundant, protected, and threatened fish species as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature in Australia and New Zealand were explored. Data for important commercial and recreational fishery targets in New South Wales were also explored, as a case study of a large jurisdiction with extensive monitoring requirements.
The occurrence records for some of these categories of fishes were well represented in the quality‐filtered citizen science data set, particularly endemic fishes whose threat status had not yet been assessed and species not currently under any form of management. Despite gaps in coverage between major urban centres, citizen science data for the best represented endemic fishes were qualitatively comparable to the available geographic distributions for these species.
We suggest that quality‐filtered citizen science data can in fact be used to improve taxonomic representation and the geographic breadth of species monitoring with increased participation.
“Not all my friends are friends”: Audience‐group‐based nudges for managing location privacy
Authors: Ghosh Isha , Singh Vivek 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe popularity of location‐based features in social networks has been increasing over the past few years. Location information gathered from social networks can threaten users' information privacy through granular tracking and exposure of their preferences, behaviors, and identity. In this 6‐week study (N = 35), we investigate the effect of “audience‐group”‐based interventions on Facebook check‐in behavior of participants. These “audience‐group”‐based nudges help close the gap between the users' perceived audiences and those that are permitted to view their check‐ins. The nudges remind users that their real‐time location information may be visible to a larger group of friends than they expect. Based on both quantitative and qualitative data analyses, we report that reminding users of the unexpected audiences that have access to their location check‐ins could be a promising way to help users manage their privacy in online location sharing. These findings motivate several recommendations for app designers as well as information privacy researchers to better design and evaluate location sharing in online social networks.
Unified framework for early stage status prediction of autism based on infant structural magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Gao Kun , Sun Yue , Niu Sijie , Wang Li 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAutism, or autism spectrum disorder (ASD), is a developmental disability that is diagnosed at about 2 years of age based on abnormal behaviors. Existing neuroimaging‐based methods for the prediction of ASD typically focus on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI); however, most of these fMRI‐based studies include subjects older than 5 years of age. Due to challenges in the application of fMRI for infants, structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) has increasingly received attention in the field for early status prediction of ASD. In this study, we propose an automated prediction framework based on infant sMRI at about 24 months of age. Specifically, by leveraging an infant‐dedicated pipeline, iBEAT V2.0 Cloud, we derived segmentation and parcellation maps from infant sMRI. We employed a convolutional neural network to extract features from pairwise maps and a Siamese network to distinguish whether paired subjects were from the same or different classes. As compared to T1w imaging without segmentation and parcellation maps, our proposed approach with segmentation and parcellation maps yielded greater sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of ASD prediction, which was validated using two datasets with different imaging protocols/scanners and was confirmed by receiver operating characteristic analysis. Furthermore, comparison with state‐of‐the‐art methods demonstrated the superior effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method. Finally, attention maps were generated to identify subject‐specific autism effects, supporting the reasonability of the predictive results. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the utility of our unified framework for the early‐stage status prediction of ASD by sMRI.Lay SummaryThe status prediction of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) at an early age is highly desirable, as early intervention may significantly reduce autism symptoms. However, current methods for diagnosing young children are limited to behavioral assays. In this study, we propose an automated method for ASD status prediction at the age of 24 months that uses infant structural magnetic resonance imaging to identify neural features.
Rapid, multiplexed detection of the let‐7miRNA family using γPNA amphiphiles in micelle‐tagging electrophoresis
Authors: Goldman Johnathan M. , Kim Soyoung , Narburgh Sarah , Armitage Bruce A. , Schneider James W. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractmiRNA is a promising class of biomarkers whose levels can be assayed to detect various forms of cancer and other serious diseases. These short, noncoding nucleic acids are difficult to detect due to their low abundance and the marginal stability of their duplexes with DNA probes. In addition, miRNAs within the same family have high sequence homology, and often, related miRNA differ in sequence by only a single base. In this report, we demonstrate an independent detection seven members of the let‐7 family of miRNA in a single run. Key to success is the use of mini‐PEG‐substituted PNA amphiphiles (γPNAA) and highly fluorescent DNA nanotags in micelle tagging electrophoresis (MTE). Multiplexed detection is accomplished in capillary electrophoresis (CE) using oligomeric nanotags of pre‐programmed lengths where the presence of a specific miRNA links its nanotag to a micelle drag‐tag, which shifts the nanotag elution time to a defined region for detection. We further demonstrate that the peak shape and elution time are unaffected by the presence of up to 10 mg/ml of serum protein in the sample, with a total runtime of less than 4 min and a LOD of 10–100 pM. We discuss efforts to substantially decrease the detection limit using nanotags that are >1000 bp in length.
Trust and opportunism in the competitiveness of small‐scale timber businesses based on innovation and marketing capabilities
Authors: Jardon Carlos M. , Martinez‐Cobas Xavier 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSubsistence markets are characterized by being composed of economic agents with low levels of education, marketing and management skills, and income. There are common in developing countries. Promote entrepreneurship in these markets is a strategy to reduce poverty, contributing to sustainable development goals. Small‐scale timber businesses (SSTB) in Misiones (Argentine) work in these markets. Innovation and marketing capabilities in SSTB are important factors in the growth of such businesses. Internal trust is a potential factor that could increase the effect of these capabilities, possibly limited by opportunism. This paper analyses marketing and innovation capabilities in SSTB, examining the possible moderating effect of trust (or opportunism) in the process of generating performance from these capabilities, using partial least squares with data of timber businesses in Misiones (Argentine). The findings indicate that SSTB present innovation and marketing capabilities that generate competitiveness, but the interactive influence of trust on the impact of these capabilities on performance is either neglected or negative, suggesting certain opportunism.