bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of endoscopic hand suturing on rectal anastomoses in ex vivo porcine models
Authors: Koizumi Eriko , Goto Osamu , Shinji Seiichi , Hayashi Koki , Habu Tsugumi , Kirita Kumiko , Noda Hiroto , Higuchi Kazutoshi , Onda Takeshi , Omori Jun , Akimoto Teppei , Kaise Mitsuru , Yoshida Hiroshi , Iwakiri Katsuhiko 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPrevention of postoperative anastomotic leakage in rectal surgery is still required. This study investigated the feasibility of endoscopic hand suturing (EHS) on rectal anastomosis ex vivo. By using isolated porcine colon, we prepared ten anastomoses 6–10 cm from the virtual anus. Then, we sutured anastomoses intraluminally by EHS, which involved a continuous suturing method in 5 cases and a nodule suturing method with extra corporeal ligation in 5 cases. Completeness of suturing, number of stitches, procedure time and presence of stenosis were investigated. Furthermore, the degree of stenosis was compared between the two suturing methods. In all cases, EHS were successfully completed. The median number of stitches and procedure time was 8 and 5.8 min, respectively. Stenosis was created in all continuous suturing cases whereas none was seen in nodule suturing cases. The shortening rate was significantly greater in the continuous suturing method than in the nodule suturing method. Intraluminal reinforcement of rectal anastomosis by EHS using nodule suturing with extra corporeal ligation is feasible without stenosis, which may be helpful as a countermeasure against possible postoperative anastomotic leakage in rectal surgery.
A database on differentially expressed microRNAs during rodent bladder healing
Authors: Chamorro Clara Ibel , Eisfeldt Jesper , Willacy Oliver , Juul Nikolai , Fossum Magdalena 
Published: November 2021

AbstractUrinary bladder wound healing relies on multiple biological events that are finely tuned in a spatial–temporal manner. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules with regulatory functions. We hypothesized that microRNAs are important molecules in the coordination of normal urinary bladder wound healing. We aimed at identifying microRNAs expressed during bladder wound healing using Affymetrix global array for microRNA profiling of the rodent urinary bladder during healing of a surgically created wound. Results were validated in the rat bladders by real-time PCR (RT-PCR) using three of the differentially expressed (DE) microRNAs. The model was thereafter validated in human cells, by measuring the expression of eight of the DE microRNAs upon in vitro wound-healing assays in primary urothelial cells. Our results indicated that 508 (40%) of all rodent microRNAs were expressed in the urinary bladder during wound healing. Thirteen of these microRNAs (1%) were DE (false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05, P < 0.05, |logfold|> 0.25) in wounded compared to non-wounded bladders. Bioinformatic analyses helped us to identify target molecules for the DE microRNAs, and biological pathways involved in tissue repair. All data are made available in an open-access database for other researchers to explore.
Infrared-spectroscopic, dynamic near-field microscopy of living cells and nanoparticles in water
Authors: Kaltenecker Korbinian J. , Gölz Thorsten , Bau Enrico , Keilmann Fritz 
Published: November 2021

AbstractInfrared fingerprint spectra can reveal the chemical nature of materials down to 20-nm detail, far below the diffraction limit, when probed by scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM). But this was impossible with living cells or aqueous processes as in corrosion, due to water-related absorption and tip contamination. Here, we demonstrate infrared s-SNOM of water-suspended objects by probing them through a 10-nm thick SiN membrane. This separator stretches freely over up to 250 µm, providing an upper, stable surface to the scanning tip, while its lower surface is in contact with the liquid and localises adhering objects. We present its proof-of-principle applicability in biology by observing simply drop-casted, living E. coli in nutrient medium, as well as living A549 cancer cells, as they divide, move and develop rich sub-cellular morphology and adhesion patterns, at 150 nm resolution. Their infrared spectra reveal the local abundances of water, proteins, and lipids within a depth of ca. 100 nm below the SiN membrane, as we verify by analysing well-defined, suspended polymer spheres and through model calculations. SiN-membrane based s-SNOM thus establishes a novel tool of live cell nano-imaging that returns structure, dynamics and chemical composition. This method should benefit the nanoscale analysis of any aqueous system, from physics to medicine.
How Graduate Students With Vocal Fry Are Perceived by Speech-Language Pathologists
Authors: Gallena Sally K. , Pinto James A. 
Published: November 2021

Purpose:
Vocal fry (VF), a low-pitched, grating voice quality, appears to be trending among young women. Current research lacks consensus of listeners' perceptions associated with VF. This study investigated practicing speech-language pathologists' (SLPs) perceptions of graduate speech-language pathology students who speak with VF.

Method:

Thirty-two graduate students were recorded reading the Rainbow Passage and providing a brief monologue. VF was detected perceptually and acoustically for all 32 students' recordings. For the 127-syllable passage, percent of VF (%VF) ranged from 2.36% (three syllables) to 40.16% (51 syllables) with an average of 12.25% (15 syllables). Twelve recorded passages were selected and sorted into two statistically significant groups (
p
= .001; seven with the most %VF and five with the least). Passage samples were randomly uploaded into a Qualtrics survey. Practicing SLPs listened to each sample and provided categorical and visual analog ratings for voice pleasantness and perceived speaker competence, education, hirability, and professionalism.

Results:

The online survey was completed by 150 experienced SLPs who spanned differing geographical locations, work settings, and years of experience. Chi-square tests of independence and independent-samples
t
tests revealed statistically significant findings for all rated characteristics, indicating that VF samples were less pleasant, and their users less competent, hirable, educated, and professional.

Conclusions:
These findings support those of Gottliebson et al. (2007), whereby 32% of our cohort had ≥ 15 instances of VF during passage reading, and those of Anderson et al. (2014), that VF negatively impacts how a speaker is perceived. Speech-language pathology graduate students should be cognizant of VF use, as they seek to secure competitive externships and jobs.
Training-intensity Distribution on Middle- and Long-distance Runners:
A Systematic Review
Authors: Campos Yuri , Casado Arturo , Vieira João Guilherme , Guimarães Miller , Sant’Ana Leandro , Leitão Luis , da Silva Sandro Fernandes , Silva Marques de Azevedo Paulo Henrique , Vianna Jeferson , Domínguez Raúl 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTraining-intensity distribution (TID) is considered the key factor to optimize
performance in endurance sports. This systematic review aimed to: I)
characterize the TID typically used by middle-and long-distance runners; II)
compare the effect of different types of TID on endurance performance and its
physiological determinants; III) determine the extent to which different TID
quantification methods can calculate same TID outcomes from a given training
program. The keywords and search strategy identified 20 articles in the research
databases. These articles demonstrated differences in the quantification of the
different training-intensity zones among quantification methods (i. e.
session-rating of perceived exertion, heart rate, blood lactate, race pace, and
running speed). The studies that used greater volumes of low-intensity training
such as those characterized by pyramidal and polarized TID approaches, reported
greater improvements in endurance performance than those which used a threshold
TID. Thus, it seems that the combination of high-volume at low-intensity
(≥ 70% of overall training volume) and low-volume at threshold
and high-intensity interval training (≤ 30%) is necessary to
optimize endurance training adaptations in middle-and long-distance runners.
Moreover, monitoring training via multiple mechanisms that systematically
encompasses objective and subjective TID quantification methods can help
coaches/researches to make better decisions.
Dengue Shock Syndrome: Its Similarity with Anaphylaxis and with the Homeopathic Medicine Apis mellifica (European Honeybee)
Authors: Richardson-Boedler Cornelia 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDengue, with four viral serotypes, causes epidemics in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Allopathic antiviral therapies and a vaccine of general use are lacking. The homeopathic medicine Apis mellifica, advised in anaphylaxis from honeybee sting, is proposed to address the life-threatening dengue shock syndrome, which develops from dengue hemorrhagic fever and has features of anaphylaxis. In both dengue and anaphylaxis, immunoglobulin E activates, and released vasoactive mediators (importantly histamine, tryptase and platelet-activating factor) cause, a vascular permeability enabling shock. In dengue, another mechanism, namely antibody-dependent enhancement, due to secondary infection with a heterologous dengue serotype, is associated with release of vasoactive mediators. The homeopathic medicine Apis mellifica indicates plasma leak, shock, and the serous effusion that is noted in dengue patients, and is a suggested prophylactic and therapeutic medicine for dengue shock syndrome.
The fate of urea
Authors: Nguyen Dai H. , Grace Peter R. , Rowlings David W. , Biala Johannes , Scheer Clemens 
Published: November 2021

Context Organic amendments (OAs) from agricultural and non-agricultural industries provide an alternative source of nitrogen (N) and other nutrients for crop production, especially with increasing costs of synthetic fertilisers. Aims This study examined the fate of urea in combination with OA in the form of raw mill mud, composted mill mud and high N compost in a maize field experiment on a sandy loam soil in a rain-fed subtropical environment. Methods OAs (346 kg N ha−1) were incorporated at sowing with 15N labelled urea (200 kg N ha−1) applied 28 days later, including a no OA control. Key results Grain yield, aboveground biomass and roots were not significantly different across all treatments, averaging 8.1, 17.4 and 1.3 t ha−1 at harvest. Total N uptake was 249.1 kg N ha−1 (on average) with fertiliser, native soil N and OAs sources accounting for 49.5, 44 and 6.5% of the total N uptake respectively. There was no significant difference in N fertiliser recovery between the OA treatments and the unamended control, with 61.7 and 3.7% of the applied N recovered in the plant and soil (to 100 cm), respectively, at harvest. Nitrogen fertiliser losses were equivalent to 33.6% of the applied N and were attributed to N leaching after extensive rainfall events late in the growing season. Conclusions OAs with high mineral and/or organic N content at time of application can supply significant amounts of plant available N but high levels of soil mineral N at sowing may hinder their full potential. Implications Reducing N loss and cost, and improving overall soil fertility by replacing synthetic N fertilisers with OAs may contribute to more environmentally sustainable crop production.
Comparing information diffusion mechanisms by matching on cascade size
Authors: Juul Jonas L. , Ugander Johan 
Published: November 2021

SignificanceDo different types of information spread differently online? In recent years, studies have sought answers to such questions by comparing statistical properties of network paths taken by different kinds of content diffusing online. Here, we demonstrate the importance of controlling for correlations between properties being compared. In particular, we show that previously reported structural differences between diffusion paths of false and true news on Twitter disappear when comparing only cascades of the same size; differences between diffusion paths of images, videos, news, and petitions persist. Paired with a theoretical analysis of diffusion processes, our results suggest that, in order to limit the spread of false news, it may be enough to focus on reducing the mean “infectiousness” of the information.
COVID-19 within families amplifies the prosociality gap between adolescents of high and low socioeconomic status
Authors: Terrier Camille , Chen Daniel L. , Sutter Matthias 
Published: November 2021

Significance
Noncognitive skills are important for lifetime outcomes. Here, we study how COVID-19 infections affect the prosociality—one key noncognitive skill with important relations to labor market outcomes—of French high school students. We put a major focus on the question whether COVID-19 has a differential effect on students from low or high socioeconomic status (SES). While it is known by now that COVID-19 has had more negative health and economic effects on people with low SES, the effects on noncognitive skills have not been studied so far. We find that COVID-19 within families amplifies the gap in prosociality between adolescents of high and low SES.
Microstructure and morphology of Si crystals grown in pure Si and Al–Si melts
Authors: Toropova L V , Alexandrov D V , Rettenmayr M , Liu D 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Microstructure of Al-40 wt%Si samples solidified in electromagnetic levitation furnace is studied at high melt undercooling. Primary Si with feathery and dendritic structures is observed. As this takes place, single Si crystals either contain secondary dendrite arms or represent faceted structures. Our experiments show that at a certain undercooling, there exists the microstructural transition zone of faceted to non-faceted growth. Also, we analyze the shape of dendritic crystals solidifying from liquid Si as well as from hypereutectic Al–Si melts at high growth undercoolings. The shapes of dendrite tips grown at undercoolings >100 K along the surface of levitated Al-40 wt%Si droplets are compared with pure Si dendrite tips from the literature. The dendrite tips are digitized and superimposed with theoretical shape function recently derived by stitching the Ivantsov and Brener solutions. We show that experimental and theoretical dendrite tips are in good agreement for Si and Al–Si samples.
Production and characterization of biocompatible nanoﬁbrous scaffolds made of β-sitosterol loaded polyvinyl alcohol/tragacanth gum composites
Authors: Albukhaty Salim , Al-Karagoly Hassan , Allafchian Ali Reza , Jalali Seyed Amir Hossein , Al-Kelabi Thair , Muhannad Mustafa 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Electrospun polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and tragacanth gum (TG) were used to develop nanofibrous scaffolds containing poorly water-soluble β-Sitosterol (β-S). Different concentrations and ratios of the polymeric composite including β-S (10% w v−1) in PVA (8% w v−1) combined with TG (0.5 and 1% w v−1) were prepared and electrospun. The synthesis method includes four electrospinning parameters of solution concentration, feeding rate, voltage, and distance of the collector to the tip of the needle, which are independently optimized to achieve uniform nanofibers with a desirable mean diameter for cell culture. The collected nanofibers were characterized by SEM, FTIR, and XRD measurements. A contact angle measurement described the hydrophilicity of the scaffold. MTT test was carried out on the obtained nanofibers containing L929 normal fibroblast cells. The mechanical strength, porosity, and deterioration of the scaffolds were well discussed. The mean nanofiber diameters ranged from 63 ± 20 nm to 97 ± 46 nm. The nanofibers loaded with β-S were freely soluble in water and displayed a remarkable biocompatible nature. The cultured cells illustrated sheet-like stretched growth morphology and penetrated the nanofibrous pores of the PVA/β-S/TG scaffolds. The dissolution was related to submicron-level recrystallization of β-S with sufficient conditions for culturing L929 cells. It was concluded that electrospinning is a promising technique for poorly water-soluble β-S formulations that could be used in biomedical applications.
Propagation-invariant vortex Airy beam whose singular point follows its main lobe
Authors: Suzuki Masato , Yamane Keisaku , Omatsu Takashige , Morita Ryuji 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We propose and demonstrate a novel vortex Airy beam which is a superposition of an Airy beam and its laterally sheared beam with a π/2 phase shift. This new-type of vortex Airy beam exhibits stable propagation dynamics, wherein its singular point closely follows its main lobe, unlike conventional vortex Airy beams. Notably, the orbital angular mode purity of this new vortex Airy beam is up to 10% better than that of a conventional vortex Airy beam. We anticipate that this new type of vortex Airy beam, which combines the characteristics of an optical vortex and a diffraction-free Airy beam, will facilitate new directions in applications such as microscopy, material processing and nonlinear optics.
Helium injection plasmas in FTU
Authors: Mazzotta C. , Pucella G. , Giovannozzi E. , Marinucci M. , the FTU Team  
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In order to extend observations on the increase of electron density peaking in neon doped plasmas, already reported in FTU Mazzotta et al (2015 Nucl. Fusion
55 073027), some sessions have been performed by injecting helium gas on the L-mode plasmas during the last two experimental campaigns. This favorable scenario, which can fall within so called ‘highly radiative’ or ‘plasma detachment’ themes, is investigated in this paper. The description of the impact of the helium injection on plasma behavior, by varying plasma parameters and shape, is exposed, especially with respect to the density peaking and edge conditioning. It has been recorded that, not only the total amount of puffed helium, but also the injection rate intervenes in triggering a particle inflow. Finally, by using VUV spectroscopy measurements, a model to estimate concentrations of impurities is outlined here for the first time, in this way the helium amount is deduced.
Private Takings of Land for Urban Redevelopment: A Tale of Two Cities
Authors: Low Kelvin F K , Wan Wai Yee , Chan Alwin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In 1999, both Hong Kong and Singapore brought into force legislation that permitted a supermajority of apartment owners within a building development that met certain statutory criteria to force a minority of dissenters to sell the development as a whole. Both territories did so because, as land-scarce cities, it was considered that the redevelopment of aging buildings was an urgent imperative. In so doing, although they claimed to be following other jurisdictions, both Hong Kong and Singapore broke new ground in pioneering the private takings of land among common law jurisdictions. These developments have proven controversial in both territories, although the controversies have differed because of differences in implementation and historical background in both cities, despite their shared past as British colonies in Asia. This Article compares the two regimes to each other as well as to a more mature regime permitting private takings of shares in mergers and acquisitions law to highlight the lessons to be learned in order to prevent abuse.
Infantile SOD1 deficiency syndrome caused by a homozygous SOD1 variant with absence of enzyme activity
Authors: Ezer Shlomit , Daana Muhannad , Park Julien H , Yanovsky-Dagan Shira , Nordström Ulrika , Basal Adily , Edvardson Simon , Saada Ann , Otto Markus , Meiner Vardiella , Marklund Stefan L , Andersen Peter Munch , Harel Tamar 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Pathogenic variants in SOD1, encoding superoxide dismutase 1, are responsible for about 20% of all familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cases, through a gain-of-function mechanism. Recently, two reports showed that a specific homozygous SOD1 loss-of-function variant is associated with an infantile progressive motor-neurological syndrome.
Exome sequencing followed by molecular studies, including cDNA analysis, SOD1 protein levels and enzymatic activity, and plasma neurofilament light chain levels, were undertaken in an infant with severe global developmental delay, axial hypotonia and limb spasticity.
We identified a homozygous 3-bp in-frame deletion in SOD1. cDNA analysis predicted the loss of a single valine residue from a tandem pair (p.Val119/Val120) in the wild-type protein, yet expression levels and splicing were preserved. Analysis of SOD1 activity and protein levels in erythrocyte lysates showed essentially no enzymatic activity and undetectable SOD1 protein in the child, whereas the parents had ∼50% protein expression and activity relative to controls. Neurofilament light chain levels in plasma were elevated, implying ongoing axonal injury and neurodegeneration.
Thus, we provide confirmatory evidence of a second biallelic variant in an infant with a severe neurological syndrome and suggest that the in-frame deletion causes instability and subsequent degeneration of SOD1. We highlight the importance of the valine residues at positions V119-120, and suggest possible implications for future therapeutics research.
Ventricular fibrillation arrest due to Brugada syndrome in a coronavirus disease 2019 patient with negative procainamide challenge: a case report
Authors: Zou Guangchen , Khanna Mukul , Zahid Saliha , Dengle Samir , Matta Bhavna , Zaheer Haris , Farrell Matthew , Stein Russell 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background
Pharmacologic challenge test is often used to diagnose Brugada syndrome (BrS) when spontaneous electrocardiograms (ECG) do not show type I Brugada pattern but reported sensitivity varies. The role of the exercise stress test in diagnosing Brugada syndrome is not well-established.

Case summary
A patient had a type I Brugada pattern ECG during the recovery phase of exercise stress test but had a negative procainamide challenge test. He had a loop recorder implanted and later survived a ventricular fibrillation (VF) arrest provoked by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Electrocardiogram on arrival showed type 1 Brugada pattern. He was discharged after implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation. He later underwent genetic testing and was found to be heterozygous for c.844C&gt;G (p.Arg282Gly) mutation in the SCN5A gene.

Discussion
Type 1 Brugada pattern ECG may be unmasked by ST-segment augmentation during recovery from exercise. Exercise stress test may play a role in the diagnosis of Brugada syndrome when suspicion for Brugada syndrome remains after a negative procainamide challenge test or if the patient has exercise-related symptoms. COVID-19 can unmask BrS and trigger a VF cardiac arrest.