bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sulforaphane prevents and reverses allergic airways disease in mice via anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and epigenetic mechanisms
Authors: Royce Simon , Licciardi Paul , Beh Raymond , Bourke Jane , Cooper Mark , Donovan Chantal , Hung Andrew , Khurana Ishant , Liang Julia , Maxwell Scott , Mazarakis Nadia , Pitsillou Eleni , Snibson Kenneth , Tobin Mark , Ververis Katherine , Vongsvivut Jitraporn , Ziemann Mark , Samuel Chrishan , Tang Mimi , El-Osta Sam , Karagiannis Tom 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Sulforaphane has been investigated in human pathologies and preclinical models of airway diseases. To provide further mechanistic insights, we explored L-sulforaphane (LSF) in the ovalbumin (OVA)-induced chronic allergic airways murine model, with key hallmarks of asthma. Histological analysis indicated that LSF prevented or reversed OVA-induced epithelial thickening, collagen deposition, goblet cell metaplasia, and inflammation. Well-known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms contribute to the beneficial effects of LSF. Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy revealed altered composition of macromolecules, including lipids, following OVA-sensitization, which were restored by LSF. RNA sequencing in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells highlighted the anti-inflammatory signature of LSF. Novel findings indicated that LSF reduced the expression and activity of histone deacetylase 8. Further, LSF resulted in histone and α-tubulin hyperacetylation in vivo. More generally, this study identified new epigenetic regulatory mechanisms accounting for the protective effects and provide support for the potential clinical utility of LSF in allergic airways disease.
Pre-fertilization Barrier, Crossability and Meiotic Behavior of Interspecific Hybrids Among Brassica Species
Authors: Pant Usha , Joshi Shikha , Lohani Preeti , Dahiya Neha 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Inter-specific hybridization is an important driving force in plant evolution, speciation and creation of novel genetic variations those are not available with the naturally occurring species. Present investigation includes study of pre-fertilization barriers, phenotypic characterization and the meiotic abnormalities during microsporogenesis in the interspecific hybrids. Mean pollen tube germination percent in interspecific hybrids was recorded to be highest in case of B. carinata x B. nigra (33.67±11.35) and lowest between B. carinata x B. napus (18.68±6.62) whereas in the reciprocal crosses it was highest for B. napus x B. carinata (33.06±13.41). Siliqua set ranged from 33% in B. carinata x B. napus to 72% in selfedB. carinata. Seed set % ranged from 0% in B. rapa x B. carinata and B.nigra x B.carinatato 25.64 % for B. carinata x B.nigra. Mean pollen tube growth was recorded highest in B. carinata x B. nigra (21.23±5.33) while was lowest in B. carinata x B. napus (10.18±3.17) and among reciprocals it was highest for B. nigra x B. carinata (21.39±7.53). Pollen tube abnormalities viz., coiling and bending of pollen tube, hairpin shaped pollen tube, swelling of tube tip, tube bifurcation, more than one tube emerging from pollen, tubes growing in wrong direction were observed. B. carinata as pollen parent showed highest mean pollen tube abnormality percent with B. napus (36.32±8.62) whereas lowest with B. nigra (18.09±6.73). It was observed highest with B. rapa (49.170 ±13.55) when B. carinata was used as pollen parent. Some of the pre fertilization barriers related to stylar and ovule region can also be observed through fluroscent microscopy. As per the observations B. carinata performed better as a seed parent with B. nigra, B. juncea and B. rapa whereas, with B. napus it performed good as a pollen parent. Correlation study gave the association the above traits with each other. The meiotic abnormalities showed improper alignment at M-I, M-II, A-I, A-II and Telophase.
Are Strokes Mostly Genetically Based or Acquired? Stenosis vs Hypoplasia of Vertebral Artery Anomalous as The Leading Cause of Stroke (Anatomical Study of VA Anomalies in Neck Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography Angiography)
Authors: Mohammadi Farzaneh , Soleimantabar Hussein , Mohamadi Fatemeh , Sabouri Sofia 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

A thorough understanding of the vertebral artery (VA) variations and course of the artery and its related branches could significantly enhance the efficacy and safety of interventions involving the neck and spine. Here, we aimed to investigate the incidence of various VA variations in individuals presenting with signs and symptoms of stroke with our neurology team. In this cross-sectional study, all patients referred to our specialized medical imaging center and underwent neck CT-angiography (CTA) were enrolled in this study for two years from September 2019 onward. Patients' information forms were obtained to collect demographic data.
Results

An experienced board-certified radiologist evaluated the CTA images, recording the characteristics of VA, regarding dominance and any possible anomalies. These included anomalous origin, anomalous route, anomalous branching, stenosis, hypoplasia, atresia, thrombosis, and dissection. A total of 125 patients (53.6% females; mean age, 60.7 (11–87)) were included. In the case of VA dominance, 66.4% of cases were co-dominant while 16.0% were right, and 12.8% were left dominant. Overall, males had more VA anomalies than females, 24.8% and 17.6%, respectively (in general, 42.4% of all participants) (p = 0.020). Among patients, 4.0% (n = 5) had an anomalous origin and anomalous branching was reported in 5 patients (4.0%). Among the variations, significant stenosis (18.4%) and hypoplasia (17.6%) were the most prevalent anomalies with the earliest one having the higher rate. While anomalous branching was reported in 5 patients (4.0%).
Conclusions

VA variations are relatively common and should be addressed during procedures involving the neck region and would allow surgeons to avoid life threatening injury.
ERK1/2 is an ancestral organising signal in spiral cleavage
Authors: Seudre Océane , Carrillo-Baltodano Allan , Liang Yan , Martín-Durán Jose 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Animal development is classified as conditional or autonomous based on whether cell fates are specified through inductive signals or maternal determinants, respectively. Yet how these two major developmental modes evolved remains unclear. During spiral cleavage—a stereotypic embryogenesis ancestral to 15 invertebrate groups, including molluscs and annelids—most lineages specify cell fates conditionally, while some define the primary axial fates autonomously. To identify the mechanisms driving this change, we studied Owenia fusiformis, an early-branching, conditional cleaving annelid. In Owenia, ERK1/2-mediated FGF receptor signalling specifies the endomesodermal progenitor. This cell acts as an embryonic organiser, inducing mesodermal and posterodorsal fates in neighbouring cells and repressing anteriorising signals. The organising role of ERK1/2 in Owenia is shared with molluscs, but not with autonomous cleaving annelids. Together, these findings indicate that conditional specification of an ERK1/2+ organiser is ancestral in spiral cleavage, repeatedly lost in annelid lineages as they evolved autonomous development.
The Numerical Simulation of Uplifted Street Canyon On Flow Field Structure And Pollutant Diffusion
Authors: Sun Mengru , Song Yuqing , Tao Changfa , Liu Xiaoping , Wang Quanli , Wang Tao , Shi Qin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The flow field structure, pollutant concentration distribution and dimensionless concentration evolution of uplifted street canyon has been analyzed in this study. Different from the ideal street canyon, the pollutant concentration distribution of the uplifting street canyon is higher at the bottom, lower at the top, higher at the windward side and lower at the leeward side. The total pollutant concentration (TPC) generally decreases with the increase of leeward building lifting height while the lift height increases with the same total building height or the total building height increases with increase in the lifting height. It is beneficial to the pollutant emission of in street canyon. On the contrary, the TPC increases when the total building height increases with the same lift height. The main reason is that the vertical length of the vortex increases, which is more difficult for pollutants to be discharged from the street canyon.
Learning to Diversify for Ensembling of An Amount of Classifiers
Authors: Yang Chun , Yin Xu-Cheng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Not only common man but also intelligent machine always merge all available decisions to solve problems. However, given an amount of learned classifiers, how to select and combine diverse classifiers for machine is still a grand challenge in the literature for decades of history. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach for classifier ensemble, learning to diversify, which learns to adaptively combine classifiers by considering both accuracy and diversity. Specifically, our approach, learning to diversify via weighted kernels, performs classifier combination by optimizing a direct but simple criterion: maximizing ensemble accuracy and adaptive diversity simultaneously by minimizing a loss function. Given a measure formulation, the diversity is calculated with weighted kernels, i.e., the diversity is measured on the component classifiers’ outputs which are kernelized and weighted. Moreover, we propose an iterative training algorithm for weights optimization, where this loss function is iteratively minimized by estimating the kernel weights in conjunction with the classifier weights. Extensive experiments on a variety of classification benchmark datasets show that the proposed approach consistently outperforms state-of-the-art ensembles.
Geochemistry of Onshore Deposits From Rio-Del-Rey Sub-Basin of The Western Atlantic Margin of Cameroon (Coastal Basin, South West Cameroon): Provenance And Environments of Sedimentation
Authors: Tchouatcha Milan Stafford , Kassi Pafouly Kassi , Mbesse Cecile Olive , Noupa Romeo Kuété , Mam Wallace Junior , Préat Alain 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The Rio del Rey Basin belongs to the coastal basins of Cameroon with Cretaceous to Cenozoic deposits. The Cretaceous (Cenomanian and Campanian-Maastrichtian) and Cenozoic (Paleocene) sediments were studied using major and trace elements geochemistry associated with mineralogical data. The studied samples are mainly made up of Fe-shale and shale with rare intercalations of Fe-sand in the Cenomanian deposits, Fe-shale and shale in the Campanian-Maastrichtian deposits and sub-litharenite, Fe-sand, shale and Fe-shale in the Paleocene deposits. These samples contain high LREE/HREE ratios (9.27 -24.23), no to slight positive Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu*= 1.02 – 1.44), moderate to high Al2O3/TiO2 (10.42 – 112.93) ratio and their position in the Ce vs. La/Yb, Zr vs. TiO2 and La/Sc vs. Th/Co diagrams indicate that they derivate from mainly felsic associated with subordinate intermediate igneous rocks. The CIA (Chemical Index of Alteration; 61.69 – 92.76), PIA (Plagioclase Index of Alteration; 62.16 – 99.47), K2O/Na2O ratios (0.08 – 22.125) and Zr/Sc vs. Th/Sc diagram suggest the source rocks have experienced low to high recycling and weathering (Paleocene deposits), high chemical weathering (Campanian-Maastrichtian) and moderate to high chemical watering (Cenomanian deposits). The SiO2 vs. Al2O3 + K2O + Na2O plot suggests a predominant semi-arid to arid climate with periodically semi-humid climate during the Paleocene, attested by the evolution of the clay minerals composition with association of illite-chlorite/vermiculite/kaolinite in the Cenomanian sediments and periodic appearance of siderite in the Campanian-Maastrichtian and Paleocene deposits. The Sr/Ba (0.41 – 2) and U/Th (0.16 – 0.28) ratios indicate brackish to shallow marine environment of deposition. The Arc-Rift-Collision of two sets of high and low silica rocks and SiO2 vs. K2O/Na2O diagrams indicate a Collisional or Active Continental Margin tectonic setting similar as the Cretaceous (Lower Mundeck and Logbadjeck Formation) and Paleocene (Nkapa Formation) deposits from the Douala sub-basin, which could reflect the Precambian basement history linked to the Neoproterozoic orogeny.
Lower Serum Phosphate Ion Level is Associated with Acute Hydrocephalus After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.
Authors: Kang De-Zhi , Zhang Yi-Bin , Zheng Shu-Fa , Chen Guo-Rong , Li Chun-Wang , Lin Yuan-Xiang , Yao Pei-Sen 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: The relationship between serum phosphate ion (sPi) and the occurrence of acute hydrocephalus (aHCP) in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) remains largely unknown and controversial. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the association between sPi on admission and aHCP following aSAH. Methods: A prospective study was conducted on six hundred thirty-five patients over the age of 19 years diagnosed with aSAH in our institution from January 21, 2012, to December 30, 2019. Data on clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters, treatments, and outcomes were collected and analyzed. The association between lower sPi levels and aHCP was assessed in univariate and multivariate analyses. Propensity-score matching (PSM) analyses were adopted to reduce the baseline differences between the non-HCP group and HCP group. Results: The overall incidence of aHCP following aSAH was 19.37% (123/512). Lower sPi levels were detected in patients with aHCP compared with those without [0.86(0.67-1.06) mmol/L vs. 1.04(0.84-1.21)] mmol/L in the univariate analysis. In the multivariate analysis, lower sPi, high modified Fisher (mFisher) grade, and high Hunt-Hess grade were associated with aHCP [odds ratios (OR) 1.729, 95% CI 1.139–2.623, P=0.01; mFisher OR 0.097,95%CI 0.055-0.172, p<0.001; Hunt-Hess, OR 0.555, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.320–0.961, P=0.036]. After PSM, the matched HCP group had a significantly lower sPi level than the matched non-hydrocephalus group [(0.86(0.67-1.06) vs. 0.94(0.76-1.12) mmol/L, P= 0.020)]. The area under the curve (AUC) of the sPi level and the logistic regression model based on these predictors (sPi, Hunt-Hess grade, and mFisher score) was 0.667 and 0.840 (sensitivity of 88.6% and specificity of 68.4%) for predicting aHCP, respectively. Conclusion: Lower sPi levels at admission were observed in patients with unfavorable outcomes. Lower sPi levels were associated with aHCP and poor prognosis, and the model constructed by sPi levels, Hunt-Hess grade, and mFisher grade significantly improves the prediction of aHCP after aSAH.
The Evaluation of Preventive and Control Measures on Congenital Syphilis in South China: A Time Series Modelling Study
Authors: Tang Xijia , Chen Wen , Tang ShangQing , Zhao PeiZhen , Ling Li , Wang Cheng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background:

The re-emergence of congenital syphilis (CS) was witnessed since the 1990s over the globe, including China. The country, therefore, carried out the prevention and control measures in an all-around way in 2010, including large-scale syphilis screening for pregnant women, providing standard treatment and follow-up management for both infected mothers and their infants, as well as the supportive strategies from the government as the response. However, there is a lack of the published evaluation for these measures when the deadline of the final goal (CS notification rate < 15/100,000 livebirths by 2025) is approaching. This study evaluates the effectiveness of CS control measures based on the change of the notification rate from 2005 to 2020 and predicts the CS case number in the following year in Guangdong, one of the provinces which used to have the highest CS notification rate in China.
Methods:

The interrupted time series analysis was conducted to compare changes in slope and level of CS notification rate from 2005 to 2020 in Guangdong Province and its three regions with different economic development levels. The year 2012 was identified as the intervention point, the time when Guangdong Province officially launched a bunch of measures. The autoregressive integrated moving average model was established to predict the CS case number of Guangdong Province in 2021.
Results:

A total of 12,687 CS cases were reported from 2005 to 2020. The notification rate of CS had been increasing in Guangdong Province until 2012 (128.55/ 100,000 livebirths), followed by a constant downward trend. It hit the lowest point in 2020 (5.76/ 100,000 livebirths), which was lower than the national goal set for 2025 (15/100,000 livebirths). The effectiveness of preventive and control measures was proved by the significant change in slope of the notification rate which was found in both of the whole province and two less-developed regions (-18.18, 95%CI: -25.63 to -10.75, -10.49, 95%CI: -13.13 to -7.86 and − 32.89, 95%CI: -41.67 to -24.10, respectively). In the developed region where the notification rate had already been decreasing in the pre-program period, implementing these measures also aided in hastening the rate of descent. The CS case number in 2021 was predicted to be 48, which remains a low-level epidemic.
Conclusions:

The comprehensive preventive and control measures have assisted Guangdong Province to control CS and exceed the goal that China set for 2025 ahead of schedule. As these measures worked effectively in places with varying levels of development and produced satisfying outcomes in regions with limited resources, it could be feasible to be generalized in other Low-and-Middle-Income countries where CS is still a public health concern.
Biological Activity of the Tenebrionidae Beetle Antioxidant Complex in a Murine Neurotoxic Model of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Kovalzon Vladimir , Ambaryan Aleksandr , Revishchin Aleksandr , Pavlova Galina , Rybalkina Ekaterina , Bastrakov Aleksandr , Ushakova Nina 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We have previously shown that the aqueous extract of the Ulomoides dermestoides darking beetle (the Tenebrionidae family) biomass contains a powerful complex of antioxidant substances of protein and non-protein nature. Considering the crucial role of ROS in the development of neurodegeneration, we set out to test the biological activity of this extract in a mouse neurotoxic model of Parkinson's disease. The beetle extracts were administrated continuously with food and their effects on parkinsonism caused by twice injected defoliant paraquat to experimental mice was evaluated. The motor activity of the animals was analyzed in behavioral tests using a rotarod and a vertical pole. The number of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunopositive neurons in the ventral part of the substantia nigra of the midbrains of experimental and control mice was studied by immunohistochemistry. In the model in vitro system with SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma, the effect of the extracts on cell proliferation was examined in the absence and presence of the neurotoxin MPP+. The isolation of biologically active substances from raw biomass using cavitation effects made it possible to obtain extracts with protective properties in the model of an early stage of Parkinson's disease used in this study.
The Research of Site Supervision of Aids Screening Laboratory in Sichuan Province During 2011-2020: A Laboratory Capacity-based Continuity Study
Authors: Li Ling , Ye Li , Liu Hong Lu , Zhou Geng Sheng , Yu Jia , Wei Dong Bing , Su Ling , Yang Hong , Li Yi Ping , Zhou Chang , Zhang Yan , Liang Shu , Yuan Dan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Expanding the scale of Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing is long-term strategy for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) prevention and control. This study analyzes the capacity of HIV screening laboratory operation to find influencing factors and guarantee quality of test. The result could also provide reference value for management of AIDS laboratories in other provinces and even abroad.Methods: Randomly checking AIDS screening laboratories in 21 cities and counties (districts) every year and also filling out evaluation form of site supervision. Analyzing the influence factors of HIV screening laboratory operation though Logistic regression.Result: From 2011 to 2020, there were 68, 75, 81, 82, 87, 80, 33, 57, 85 and 87 HIV screening laboratories conducted site supervision respectively, of which 60(88.24%), 74 (98.67%), 76 (93.83%), 81(98.78%), 60(68.97%), 51(63.75%), 23(69.70%), 41(71.93%), 59(69.41%) and 60(68.97%) had excellent results. It was found that the excellence rate of each institution was relatively stable during 2011-2014, while the overall score of each regional laboratory in 2015 fluctuated significantly than 2015 before and all of excellence rate has declined. Hospitals and centers for disease control and prevention (CDC) were with higher frequency of assessment. Multivariate logistic regression analysis found these following variables were significant influencing factors of laboratory quality, including staffing, standard operating procedure (SOP) and management system, periodic calibration of equipment, standardization of HIV testing, uniqueness of sample number, standardized use of quality control materials, standard drawing of quality control chart, biosafety facilities .Conclusion: The overall operation of HIV screening laboratories in the whole province is good and the quality management can normatively meet the requirements, which also meet the demand of expanding HIV testing. It also has lots of questions influencing laboratory quality, so each part is still strictly required to ensure laboratory work well.
Darboux transformation, bright and dark-bright solitons of an N-coupled high-order nonlinear Schrödinger system in an optical fiber
Authors: Wu Xi-Hu , Gao Yi-Tian , Yu Xin , Ding Cui-Cui , Liu Fei-Yan , Jia Ting-Ting 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this paper, an N -coupled high-order nonlinear Schrödinger system, which describes the properties of the ultrashort optical pulses in an optical fiber, is investigated with the help of Darboux transformation (DT) method and asymptotic analysis. Starting from the given (2 N +1)th-order Lax pair, we construct a new form of DT (complex eigenfunctions of Lax pair involved) to derive the formulas of the n th-iterated solutions, where n and N are the positive integers. On the zero background, the first- and second-order solitons are obtained and analysed through the asymptotic analysis. Multi-parameter adjustment is proceeded since there are 3 N +4 real parameters in the second-order solitons. We find that under certain conditions each of the two interaction patterns (elastic, inelastic) holds in the second-order soliton. On the plane wave background, the first-order bright and dark-bright solitons are obtained. Soliton velocities, amplitudes, widths and characteristic lines of the first-order bright and dark-bright solitons are presented and analysed.