bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peritraumatic Vitamin D Levels Predict Chronic Pain Severity and Contribute to Racial Differences in Pain Outcomes Following Major Thermal Burn Injury
Authors: Mauck Matthew C , Barton Chloe E , Tungate Andrew , Shupp Jeffrey W , Karlnoski Rachel , Smith David J , Williams Felicia N , Jones Samuel W , McGrath Kyle V , Cairns Bruce A , McLean Samuel A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Major thermal burn injuries result in approximately 40,000 hospitalizations in the United States each year. Chronic pain affects up to 60% of burn survivors, and Black Americans have worse chronic pain outcomes than White Americans. Mechanisms of chronic pain pathogenesis after burn injury, and accounting for these racial differences, remain poorly understood. Due to socioeconomic disadvantage and differences in skin absorption, Black Americans have an increased prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency. We hypothesized that peritraumatic Vitamin D levels predict chronic pain outcomes after burn injury and contribute to racial differences in pain outcomes. Among burn survivors (n = 77, 52% White, 48% Black, 77% male), peritraumatic Vitamin D levels were more likely to be deficient in Blacks vs Whites (27/37 [73%] vs 14/40 [35%], P &lt; .001). Peritraumatic Vitamin D levels were inversely associated with chronic post-burn pain outcomes across all burn injury survivors, including those who were and were not Vitamin D deficient, and accounted for approximately one-third of racial differences in post-burn pain outcome. Future studies are needed to evaluate potential mechanisms mediating the effect of Vitamin D on post-burn pain outcomes and the potential efficacy of Vitamin D in improving pain outcomes and reducing racial differences.
Linguistic Accommodation Enhances Compliance to Charity Donation: The Role of Interpersonal Communication Processes in Mediated Compliance-Gaining Conversations
Authors: Liao Wang , Zhang Jingwen , Oh Yoo Jung , Palomares Nicholas A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract We address the link between communication accommodation and compliance gaining in momentary, mediated encounters, using Goffman’s theory of interaction ritual as a conceptual bridge. We report an online experiment of compliance-gaining conversations with 915 dyads of strangers recruited from Amazon M-Turk. The extent to which two strangers accommodated each other’s non-content linguistic features predicted their behavioral compliance—monetary donation to a charity. This accommodation–compliance link was (a) observed, to some extent, in both conversationalists in the dyads, albeit moderated by seeker–target role differentiation, (b) partially mediated by perceived warmth and competence, and (c) was robust against alternative mechanisms including compliance-gaining strategies, personalities, and demographics. We discuss implications regarding communication-induced influence in mediated conversations and related interpersonal communication processes in general.Lay SummaryHow can a fleeting online interaction bring about compliance, especially for prosocial causes such as charity donation? This article finds that compliance is increased when there is a legacy of cooperative interactions (i.e., successful interaction rituals) on the part of all conversation partners—not just the one who seeks compliance. Such interaction can be identified when the individuals start to coordinate and accommodate each other’s language use (e.g., using similar expressions or adopting similar linguistic styles). The research shows that since online conversations often rely on text-based communication that lacks other channels with which to signal cooperative interactions, coordinated language plays an important role in gaining compliance.
Eupafolin induces autophagy and apoptosis in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas
Authors: Chen Zui , Cheng Long qiu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Eupafolin, an extract from Artemisia princeps, possesses multiple pharmacological activities. However, the effect of eupafolin on B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas is currently unknown. In this study, we report that eupafolin shows anticancer activity against B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas cell line, OCI-LY-3.

Methods
A CCK-8 assay was used to detect the proliferation inhibition of OCI-LY-3 cells treated with additional concentrations of eupafolin. Flow cytometric analysis method of the cell apoptosis was detected after cells stained with Annexin-V-FITC/PI according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The proteins in the cell were detected by western blot after treatment with eupafolin.

Key findings
Eupafolin induced apoptosis in this cell line evidenced by the caspases activation, cleavage of PARP and downregulation of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl. Eupafolin-induced autophagy was verified by accumulation of LC3-II and beclin-1. Eupafolin induced autophagy promoting apoptosis by the treatment of eupafolin combined with autophagy inhibitors 3-methyladenine and bafilomycin A1, respectively. Moreover, we disclose that the expression levels of p-Akt, p-mTOR,p-P70S6K and p-4EBP1 decrease in the Akt/mTOR signalling pathway, and the expression levels of proteins in the NF-ΚB signalling pathway, such as p-p65, p-IκBα, is downregulation.

Conclusions
Together, these results provide crucial evidences explaining the antitumour activity of eupafolin in human NHL cell line, OCI-LY-3.
Whole-Exome Sequencing Reveals a Novel Mutation of FLNA Gene in an Iranian Family with Nonsyndromic Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Kalayinia Samira , Maleki Majid , Mahdavi Mohammad , Mahdieh Nejat 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Objective
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is one of the most common congenital abnormalities that need early intervention. Here, for the first time, we report a nonsyndromic form of TOF caused by a novel variant in the FLNA gene in 2 siblings of an Iranian family.

Methods
The family underwent a complete workup, including karyotyping, sequencing of 6 common genes in congenital heart diseases (GATA4, NKX2-5, ZIC3, FOXH1, NODAL, and GJA1), array comparative genomic hybridization, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, and whole-exome sequencing. Segregation and in silico analysis were also conducted for the identified variant.

Results
A variant, c.3415C&gt;T, in the FLNA gene was found in both affected brothers in this family; this variant was heterozygous in their mother. Bioinformatics tools predicted the variant as a pathogenic one.

Conclusion
Many allelic disorders have been reported for FLNA mutations. Mutations in this gene may cause a nonsyndromic congenital form of TOF.
Using GAMA to probe the impact of small-scale galaxy physics on nonlinear redshift-space distortions
Authors: Alam Shadab , Peacock John A , Farrow Daniel J , Loveday J , Hopkins A M 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
We present improved modelling of the redshift-space distortions (RSDs) of galaxy clustering that arise from peculiar velocities. We create mock galaxy catalogues in the framework of the halo model, using data from the Bolshoi project. These mock galaxy populations are inserted into the haloes with additional degrees of freedom that govern spatial and kinematical biases of the galaxy populations relative to the dark matter. We explore this generalized halo model with an Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm, comparing the predictions to data from the Galaxy And Mass Assembly survey, and thus derive one of the first constraints on the detailed kinematic degrees of freedom for satellite galaxies within haloes. With this approach, the distortions of the redshift-space galaxy autocorrelations can be accounted for down to spatial separations close to 10 kpc, opening the prospect of improved RSD measurements of the perturbation growth rate by the inclusion of data from nonlinear scales.
Stark broadening of spectral lines for zirconium ions Zr iv−vi in hot white dwarf atmospheres
Authors: Elabidi Haykel 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
Stark widths for 31 spectral lines of the zirconium ions Zr iv, Zr v and Zr vi are calculated using a quantum mechanical method, and for five other lines they are deduced from a linear fit. Among these lines, 23 are provided for the first time. The motivation for this work was the recent identification of 25 lines of zirconium ions in the UV spectrum of the hot white dwarf RE 0503−289, which have never been detected before in hot white dwarfs. The results are presented for the plasma conditions found in hot white dwarf atmospheres. To the best of our knowledge, Stark broadening calculations have only been carried out for the Zr iv ion. Therefore, in addition to the quantum calculations, we perform semiclassical perturbation calculations for Zr iv lines and compare them with previous results, taking into account the effects of strong and elastic collisions on Stark broadening. Furthermore, we compare the Stark broadening with the Doppler broadening in order to ascertain their relative importance in the atmospheric conditions of DO white dwarfs. These results, together with atomic radiative data, are useful for non-local thermodynamic equilibrium stellar-atmosphere modelling.
Global Patterns of Recombination across Human Viruses
Authors: Patiño-Galindo Juan Ángel , Filip Ioan , Rabadan Raul 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Viral recombination is a major evolutionary mechanism driving adaptation processes, such as the ability of host-switching. Understanding global patterns of recombination could help to identify underlying mechanisms and to evaluate the potential risks of rapid adaptation. Conventional approaches (e.g., those based on linkage disequilibrium) are computationally demanding or even intractable when sequence alignments include hundreds of sequences, common in viral data sets. We present a comprehensive analysis of recombination across 30 genomic alignments from viruses infecting humans. In order to scale the analysis and avoid the computational limitations of conventional approaches, we apply newly developed topological data analysis methods able to infer recombination rates for large data sets. We show that viruses, such as ZEBOV and MARV, consistently displayed low levels of recombination, whereas high levels of recombination were observed in Sarbecoviruses, HBV, HEV, Rhinovirus A, and HIV. We observe that recombination is more common in positive single-stranded RNA viruses than in negatively single-stranded RNA ones. Interestingly, the comparison across multiple viruses suggests an inverse correlation between genome length and recombination rate. Positional analyses of recombination breakpoints along viral genomes, combined with our approach, detected at least 39 nonuniform patterns of recombination (i.e., cold or hotspots) in 18 viral groups. Among these, noteworthy hotspots are found in MERS-CoV and Sarbecoviruses (at spike, Nucleocapsid and ORF8). In summary, we have developed a fast pipeline to measure recombination that, combined with other approaches, has allowed us to find both common and lineage-specific patterns of recombination among viruses with potential relevance in viral adaptation.
Behavioral and Genomic Sensory Adaptations Underlying the Pest Activity ofDrosophila suzukii
Authors: Durkin Sylvia M , Chakraborty Mahul , Abrieux Antoine , Lewald Kyle M , Gadau Alice , Svetec Nicolas , Peng Junhui , Kopyto Miriam , Langer Christopher B , Chiu Joanna C , Emerson J J , Zhao Li 
Published: February 2021

AbstractStudying how novel phenotypes originate and evolve is fundamental to the field of evolutionary biology as it allows us to understand how organismal diversity is generated and maintained. However, determining the basis of novel phenotypes is challenging as it involves orchestrated changes at multiple biological levels. Here, we aim to overcome this challenge by using a comparative species framework combining behavioral, gene expression, and genomic analyses to understand the evolutionary novel egg-laying substrate-choice behavior of the invasive pest species Drosophila suzukii. First, we used egg-laying behavioral assays to understand the evolution of ripe fruit oviposition preference in D. suzukii compared with closely related species D. subpulchrella and D. biarmipes as well as D. melanogaster. We show that D. subpulchrella and D. biarmipes lay eggs on both ripe and rotten fruits, suggesting that the transition to ripe fruit preference was gradual. Second, using two-choice oviposition assays, we studied how D. suzukii, D. subpulchrella, D. biarmipes, and D. melanogaster differentially process key sensory cues distinguishing ripe from rotten fruit during egg-laying. We found that D. suzukii’s preference for ripe fruit is in part mediated through a species-specific preference for stiff substrates. Last, we sequenced and annotated a high-quality genome for D. subpulchrella. Using comparative genomic approaches, we identified candidate genes involved in D. suzukii’s ability to seek out and target ripe fruits. Our results provide detail to the stepwise evolution of pest activity in D. suzukii, indicating important cues used by this species when finding a host, and the molecular mechanisms potentially underlying their adaptation to a new ecological niche.
Methylated HNRNPK acts on RPS19 to regulate ALOX15 synthesis in erythropoiesis
Authors: Naarmann-de Vries Isabel S , Senatore Roberta , Moritz Bodo , Marx Gernot , Urlaub Henning , Niessing Dierk , Ostareck Dirk H , Ostareck-Lederer Antje 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Post-transcriptional control is essential to safeguard structural and metabolic changes in enucleated reticulocytes during their terminal maturation to functional erythrocytes. The timely synthesis of arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15), which initiates mitochondria degradation at the final stage of reticulocyte maturation is regulated by the multifunctional protein HNRNPK. It constitutes a silencing complex at the ALOX15 mRNA 3′ untranslated region that inhibits translation initiation at the AUG by impeding the joining of ribosomal 60S subunits to 40S subunits. To elucidate how HNRNPK interferes with 80S ribosome assembly, three independent screens were applied. They consistently demonstrated a differential interaction of HNRNPK with RPS19, which is localized at the head of the 40S subunit and extends into its functional center. During induced erythroid maturation of K562 cells, decreasing arginine dimethylation of HNRNPK is linked to a reduced interaction with RPS19 in vitro and in vivo. Dimethylation of residues R256, R258 and R268 in HNRNPK affects its interaction with RPS19. In noninduced K562 cells, RPS19 depletion results in the induction of ALOX15 synthesis and mitochondria degradation. Interestingly, residue W52 in RPS19, which is frequently mutated in Diamond-Blackfan Anemia (DBA), participates in specific HNRNPK binding and is an integral part of a putative aromatic cage.
A Brief Analysis of The State of Entertainment Theory
Authors: Vorderer Peter , Klimmt Christoph , Bryant Jennings 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This chapter offers some historical and conceptual orientation to readers of the Oxford Handbook of Entertainment Theory. Departing from a brief review of ancient roots and twentieth-century pioneer works, we elaborate on the state and challenges of contemporary entertainment theory and research. This includes the need to develop a more explicit understanding of interrelationships among similar terms and concepts (e.g., “presence” and “transportation”), the need to reflect more explicitly on epistemological foundations of entertainment theories (e.g., neobehaviorism), and the need to reach back to past, even historical reasoning in communication that may be just as informative as the consideration of recent theoretical innovations from neighboring fields such as social psychology. Finally, we offer some reflections on programmatic perspectives for future entertainment theory, which should try to harmonize views from the social sciences and critical thinking, span cultural differences in entertainment processes, and keep track of the rapid technological progress of entertainment media.
Stories Enlarge the Experience of Self
Authors: Johnson Benjamin K. , Slater Michael D. , Silver Nathaniel A. , Ewoldsen David R. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Temporarily expanded boundaries of the self (TEBOTS) proposes underlying motivations for engaging with stories. TEBOTS points out that fundamental human drives for agency, autonomy, and connectedness are imperfectly attainable. As a result, human beings turn to transcendent experiences that offer self-expansion, especially engagement with mediated worlds and the stories and characters they provide. TEBOTS provides unique hypotheses about how the self-concept relates to the selection, processing, and effects of media entertainment. Confirmatory evidence for TEBOTS shows that threats to the self can increase responsiveness to narratives, and that effects are attributable to a boundary expansion mechanism. Recent studies demonstrate that boundary expansion during media use can facilitate positive outgroup perceptions and attitude change. The TEBOTS framework also provides testable propositions regarding the influence of life stressors such as finance, health, and relationships on narrative engagement and enjoyment, carrying potential implications for narrative influence on stressed populations.
Involvement with Media Personae and Entertainment Experiences
Authors: Brown William J. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In the ubiquitous mediated world in which we live, we daily encounter mediated personalities derived from both real people and fictional characters. These personalities, referred to as media personae, can captivate our attention, induce our involvement, and influence our values, beliefs, and behavior. This chapter considers four distinct and yet closely related processes through which audiences become involved with media personae, identified as transportation, parasocial interaction, identification, and worship. The entertainment experiences of media consumers through these four involvement processes and the implications of these experiences in an increasingly socially mediated world are discussed.
Media Entertainment, Flow Experiences, and the Synchronization of Audiences
Authors: Fisher Jacob T. , Lonergan Chelsea , Hopp Frederic R. , Weber René 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Media entertainment frequently elicits rapt attention, loss of self-consciousness, high levels of enjoyment along with a sense that time is passing more quickly or more slowly than usual. This state is often referred to as flow. For over two decades, scholars have sought to understand when and why media produce flow experiences in audiences. The synchronization theory of flow (STF) advanced flow research by specifying the neural underpinnings of flow experiences and how these neural substrates are influenced by entertaining media. In the intervening years, research from a variety of fields has provided support for the core predictions of STF and has highlighted promising areas for future investigation. This chapter reviews the current state and future directions of STF, focusing on its potential for creating a bridge between media entertainment research and other vibrant research domains including motivated decision-making and neuroaesthetics.
Entertained by Amazement and Wonder
Authors: Possler Daniel , Raney Arthur A. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Anecdotal evidence suggests that fascination, amazement, and wonder are regular audience responses to entertainment fare and substantially fuel users’ entertainment experiences. However, so far entertainment theory has largely overlooked these states. This chapter attempts to conceptually describe these experiences with the emotion awe and offers a case for awe as an important element in media entertainment. In a first step, it models conceptual relationships between awe and both hedonic and eudaimonic entertainment experiences. In a second step, it systematically discusses what entertainment fare is capable to elicit awe. To do so, it draws on appraisal theories of emotion and distinguishes different levels of media use, stimuli, processes, and preconditions likely involved in the elicitation of awe during media use. Its model shows that awe is potentially experienced frequently during the reception of many forms of media and is able to contribute substantially to media users’ entertainment responses.
Humor and Comedy
Authors: Goldstein Jeffrey 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Through most of the twentieth century, psychologists were the preeminent theorists of humor. Since the late twentieth century, linguists, neuroscientists, and computer scientists have also addressed the subject. This chapter presents classic theories of humor—relief/arousal, superiority/disparagement, and incongruity theories, including recent neuroimaging research—followed by an overview of linguistic and semantic theories. The field of computational humor is described, including humor during human–artificial intelligence interaction. The uses and effects of humor are summarized in the areas of education, advertising, and health. Although humor and laughter may not always improve learning, persuasion, or physical health they can enhance the credibility of the communicator and improve the quality of life.
Portrayals of Human Sexuality as Entertainment
Authors: Dillman Carpentier Francesca R. , Mazandarani Farnosh 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
From flirtatious glances to a passionate kiss to the explicit depiction of sexual intercourse, sexual content in entertainment has historically enjoyed wide appeal. This essay reviews the scholarly literature on the nature of sexual depictions in entertainment media and discusses people’s attraction to, and enjoyment of, these depictions. Drawing from studies in entertainment, psychology, and sexual motivation and drive, the appeal of sexual content in media is argued to be the result of a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and social interactions that inform our appraisal of a sexual depiction as serving or hindering our hedonic need for pleasure. Sexual depictions that emphasize romantic relationships are also discussed in terms of fulfilling nonhedonic needs, wherein vicariously experiencing sexual activity within a relational context might serve an inherent need to find meaningful connections with others and with humanity as a whole.
Sports as (Digital) Media Entertainment
Authors: Lewis Nicky 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Over the last six decades, mediated sports have become an entertainment phenomenon. Sports coverage and content continue to grow on both traditional and digital platforms. As a result, scholars and industry professionals alike have spent considerable time and energy examining the sports media entertainment experience. This chapter identifies the core theoretical perspectives used to explain mediated sports’ overarching appeal, including excitation transfer, suspense, disposition, mood management, and hedonic/eudaimonic approaches. It also outlines key factors of the sports media entertainment experience, which include viewer characteristics, content features, and the context in which the experience takes place. The chapter concludes by providing several directions for future research, addressing the roles of technology, identity, and morality in mediated sports consumption and how they inform our understanding of sports as a fundamental part of the larger media entertainment landscape.