bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feeling differently, creating together: Affect heterogeneity and creativity in project teams
Authors: To March L. , Fisher Cynthia D. , Ashkanasy Neal M. , Zhou Jing 
Published: May 2021

SummaryDifferently valenced affective states stimulate different information search and processing styles. Dual‐tuning theory suggests that in combination, the styles tuned by positive affect (broad information search and flexible thinking) and by negative affect (persistent detailed search and critical thinking) facilitate creativity better than a single affect alone. Through this lens, we argue that the simultaneous presence of team members experiencing differently valenced affective states (affect heterogeneity) may facilitate team creativity by providing access to more varied information and perspectives. To extract creative benefit from these enhanced informational resources, teams must engage in an information exchange and elaboration process. However, affect heterogeneity may also threaten this process. We suggest that effective information exchange and elaboration is more likely to occur when the team has a well‐developed transactive memory system to legitimize and coordinate the differences flowing from affect heterogeneity among members. We tested our hypotheses among 59 teams in a within‐team design in which we measured team affect heterogeneity, information exchange and elaboration, and creativity in each of 4 weeks of a 13‐week project. Results supported our hypotheses, including the mediating role of information exchange and elaboration, and the moderating role of team transactive memory system.
Measuring color capability of wide color gamut near‐eye displays
Authors: Penczek John , Austin Richard L. , Hasan Monirul , Smith Euan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractNear‐eye displays often use narrow spectral bandwidth light sources to create virtual images. These sources provide wider color gamuts. However, the measurement instrument's spectral bandwidth and spectral stray light need to be considered. We evaluate these aspects in characterizing the display's color capability.
Determination of phytic acid in wheat products by complete methyl esterification and liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry analysis
Authors: Yu Saisai , Chen Zhiwei , Wang Yan , Sheng Chunqi , Zhang Huarong , Jiang Kezhi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPhytic acid, the principal storage form of phosphorus in wheat, plays both beneficial and antinutrient functions for human being, and its analytical method still needs further development. In this work, we have developed a new method for the determination of phytic acid in wheat products based on derivatization with (trimethylsilyl)diazomethane in combination with liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry analysis. Methyl esterification greatly decreased the polarity and the acidity of phytic acid, and thus the corresponding derivative can be easily analyzed by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry under common conditions. Furthermore, treatment with cation exchange resin removed the polyvalent metal ions in the solutions, and thus derivatization of phytic acid can be achieved efficiently and completely. The standard curve for phytic acid has been well established in the linear range of 0.5–100 ng/mL with squared correlation coefficient more than 0.999 and the quantification limit of 0.25 ng/mL. The phytic acid content varies greatly in different wheat products, ranging from 153.5 to 17299.0 μg/g.
Tribological properties of hexagonal boron nitride nanoparticles or graphene nanoplatelets blended with an ionic liquid as additives of an ester base oil
Authors: Liñeira del Río José M. , López Enriqueta R. , Gonçalves David E. P. , Seabra Jorge H. O. , Fernández Josefa 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAntifriction synergies between an ionic liquid (IL) and nanopowders as additives of an ester base oil were analysed at rolling conditions. For this aim, two nanodispersions based on hybrid combinations of hexagonal boron nitride nanoparticles (h‐BN) or graphene nanoplatelets (GnP) with tri(butyl) ethylphosphonium diethylphosphate ionic liquid as additives in triisotridecyltrimellitate (TTM) base oil and the mixture of TTM and IL were analysed using two tribometer techniques. Film thickness characterisation and tribological tests were performed at rolling conditions [5% slide‐roll‐ratio (SRR)], under 50N and at operating temperatures of 30, 50 and 80°C. Stribeck curves showed that friction coefficients for the prepared lubricants are lower than those found for the TTM, being the best friction behaviour for the hybrid GnP nanolubricant. Furthermore, friction torque loss tests were performed in rolling ball bearings, observing that for the two hybrid nanolubricants lower friction torque values were obtained.
Lack of Causal Effects or Genetic Correlation between Restless Legs Syndrome and Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Estiar Mehrdad A. , Senkevich Konstantin , Yu Eric , Varghaei Parizad , Krohn Lynne , Bandres‐Ciga Sara , Noyce Alastair J. , Rouleau Guy A. , Gan‐Or Ziv 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundEpidemiological studies have reported an association between Parkinson's disease (PD) and restless legs syndrome.ObjectivesWe aimed to use genetic data to study whether these 2 disorders are causally linked or share genetic architecture.MethodsWe performed two‐sample Mendelian randomization and linkage disequilibrium score regression using summary statistics from recent genome‐wide meta‐analyses of PD and restless legs syndrome.ResultsWe found no evidence for a causal relationship between restless legs syndrome (as the exposure) and PD (as the outcome, inverse variance‐weighted; b = −0.003, SE = 0.031, P = 0.916; F statistic = 217.5). Reverse Mendelian randomization also did not demonstrate any causal effect of PD on restless legs syndrome (inverse variance‐weighted; b = −0.012, SE = 0.023, P = 0.592; F statistic = 191.7). Linkage disequilibrium score regression analysis demonstrated lack of genetic correlation between restless legs syndrome and PD (rg = −0.028, SE = 0.042, P = 0.507).ConclusionsThere was no evidence for a causal relationship or genetic correlation between restless legs syndrome and PD. The associations observed in epidemiological studies could be attributed, in part, to confounding or nongenetic determinants. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Photon‐counting normalized metal artifact reduction (NMAR) in diagnostic CT
Authors: Byl Achim , Klein Laura , Sawall Stefan , Heinze Sarah , Schlemmer Heinz‐Peter , Kachelrieß Marc 
Published: May 2021

PurposeMetal artifacts can drastically reduce the diagnostic value of computed tomography (CT) images. Even the state‐of‐the‐art algorithms cannot remove them completely. Photon‐counting CT inherently provides spectral information, similar to dual‐energy CT. Many applications, such as material decomposition, are not possible when metal artifacts are present. Our aim is to develop a prior‐based metal artifact reduction specifically for photon‐counting CT that can correct each bin image individually or in their combinations.MethodsPhoton‐counting CT sorts incoming photons into several energy bins, producing bin and threshold images containing spectral information. We use this spectral information to obtain a better prior image for the state‐of‐the‐art metal artifact reduction algorithm FSNMAR. First, we apply a non‐linear transformation to the bin images to obtain bone‐emphasized images. Subsequently, we forward‐project the bin images and bone‐emphasized images and multiply the resulting sinograms with each other element‐wise to mimic beam hardening effects. These sinograms are reconstructed and linearly combined to produce an artifact‐reduced image. The coefficients of this linear combination are automatically determined by minimizing a threshold‐based cost function in the image domain. After thresholding, we obtain the prior image for FSNMAR, which is applied to the individual bin images and the lowest threshold image. We test our photon‐counting normalized metal artifact reduction (PCNMAR) on forensic CT data and compare it to conventional FSNMAR, where the prior is generated via linear sinogram inpainting. For numerical analysis, we compute both the standard deviation in an ROI with metal artifacts and the CNR of soft tissue and fat.ResultsPCNMAR can effectively reduce metal artifacts without sacrificing the overall image quality. Compared to FSNMAR, our method produces fewer secondary artifacts and is more consistent with the measurements. Areas that contain metal, air, and soft tissue are more accurate in PCNMAR. In some cases, the standard deviation in the artifact ROI is reduced by more than 50% relative to FSNMAR, while the CNR values are similar. If extreme artifacts are present, PCNMAR is unable to outperform FSNMAR. Using either two, four, or only the highest energy bin to produce the prior image yielded comparable results.ConclusionsPCNMAR is an effective method of reducing metal artifacts in photon‐counting CT. The spectral information available in photon‐counting CT is highly beneficial for metal artifact reduction, especially the high‐energy bin, which inherently contains fewer artifacts. While scanning with four instead of two bins does not provide a better artifact reduction, it allows for more freedom in the selection of energy thresholds.
Electrical and mechanical properties of high electrical conductivity CNT/Cu‐yarns with Br doping and Cu encapsulation
Authors: Xue Shengchen , Kovacs Chris , Sumption Michael , Collings Edward , Thong C. J. , Philips John , Tomsic Michael , Mao Yu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) are an ideal starting material for the development of strong, light‐weight conductors. In this work, we pursued the development of high specific electrical conductivity and high specific strength CNT/metal composites. We started with CNT yarns which had an initial electrical conductivity,σe, of 3.14 MS m‐1and a density of 1.32 g cm‐3. We brominated the yarns, demonstrating increases inσe, with our best samples reachingσe = 7.00 MS m‐1. To increase the stability of the bromination, we electroplated a Cu layer onto the Br‐doped yarn which led to a stabilization of the conductivity improvement. This was quantified by monitoring periodically theσeof a Br‐doped and metallized CNT yarn over a period of 69 days, during which time the sample was otherwise exposed to ambient conditions. Analysis gives a value 6.15 MS m‐1for the brominated yarn after metallization which is excellent for CNT yarns. Tensile tests on these Cu/CNT composites showed tensile strengths reaching 700 MPa, Young's modulus values of 22.8 GPa, and specific tensile strength values of 146 kN*m kg‐1(this latter is 6X that of Cu). Our best CNT‐Cu composites show specific conductivity values comparable with that of Cu but with much higher specific tensile strengths.
Paper towel test as independently self‐administered to quantify cough‐related urine loss: Compliance and comparisons with survey‐only data in SWAN
Authors: Miller Janis M. , Hood Michelle M. , Karvonen‐Gutierrez Carrie A. , Richards‐McCullough Kerry C. , Harlow Sioban D. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAimsThe epidemiologic Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) includes urinary incontinence (UI) questionnaire items. We introduced an independently self‐administered paper towel test (PTT‐ISA; invention disclosure #2021‐347) to objectively demonstrate UI. Aims were to determine: (1) PTT‐ISA compliance and (2) relationship to questionnaire results.Methods276 community women were invited to complete both SWAN questionnaire and PTT‐ISA. For PTT‐ISA, a woman holds a trifold brown paper towel against her perineum while coughing hard three times. She checks the towel for wetness and compares it with pictorial showing wetted area gradations (dry towel through >6 ml/saturated). She then selects the best photo match for her towel. A newly conceptualized variable constructed as PTT‐ISA plus questionnaire results was formed.ResultsOf 276 women, noncompliance with PTT‐ISA was 2.2% (6 women). Four others (1.5%) were missing questionnaires. For the remaining 266 women, conceptual cohesiveness between questionnaire‐only and PTT‐ISA + questionnaire was demonstrated in 165 (62.0%). Lack of cohesiveness occurred in 101 (38.9%), including 41 women who said “no” to the questionnaire item indicative of stress UI and had leakage on PTT‐ISA; leakage degree varied across the full pictorial spectrum from drops to saturated.ConclusionPTT‐ISA demonstrates high compliance, with rate comparable to survey compliance. It is a novel measure for objective sign of urine loss when independently self‐administered by community women outside of a clinic environment. Further research comparing PTT‐ISA with clinician‐observed cough test is warranted. As independently self‐administered, PTT‐ISA is simple, noninvasive, inexpensive, and an acceptable test that adds value to otherwise survey‐dependent research.
Experimental operation of a solar‐driven climate system with thermal energy storages using mixed‐integer nonlinear model predictive control
Authors: Bürger Adrian , Bull Daniel , Sawant Parantapa , Bohlayer Markus , Klotz Andreas , Beschütz Daniel , Altmann‐Dieses Angelika , Braun Marco , Diehl Moritz 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis work presents the results of experimental operation of a solar‐driven climate system using mixed‐integer nonlinear model predictive control (MPC). The system is installed in a university building and consists of two solar thermal collector fields, an adsorption cooling machine with different operation modes, a stratified hot water storage with multiple inlets and outlets as well as a cold water storage. The system and the applied modeling approach is described and a parallelized algorithm for mixed‐integer nonlinear MPC and a corresponding implementation for the system are presented. Finally, we show and discuss the results of experimental operation of the system and highlight the advantages of the mixed‐integer nonlinear MPC application.
Prenatal molecular testing and diagnosis of Beckwith‐Wiedemann syndrome
Authors: Baker Samuel W. , Ryan Elyse , Kalish Jennifer M. , Ganguly Arupa 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to describe molecular findings and phenotypic features among individuals referred for prenatal Beckwith‐Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) testing.MethodsMolecular diagnostic testing was performed using a sensitive quantitative real‐time PCR‐based assay capable of detecting mosaic methylation to the level of 3% at IC1 and IC2. Sanger sequencing of CDKN1C was performed in cases with normal methylation.ResultsOf the 94 patients tested, a molecular diagnosis was identified for 25.5% of cases; 70.9% of diagnosed cases had loss of methylation at IC2, 4.2% had gain of methylation at IC1, 12.5% had paternal uniparental isodisomy, and 12.5% had CDKN1C loss‐of‐function variants. Methylation level changes in prenatal cases were significantly greater than changes identified in cases tested after birth. Cases with a prenatal molecular diagnosis had a significantly greater number of BWS‐associated phenotypic features. The presence of either macroglossia or placentomegaly was most predictive of a BWS diagnosis.ConclusionOur results support the consensus statement advocating BWS molecular testing for all patients with one or more BWS‐associated prenatal features and suggest that low‐level mosaic methylation changes may be uncommon among prenatal BWS diagnoses.
The importance of collaboratively designing pharmacology education programs
Authors: Quesnelle Kelly M. , Zaveri Naunihal T. , Schneid Stephen D. , Blumer Joe B. , Szarek John L. , Kruidering Marieke , Lee Michael W. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA grounded knowledge of pharmacology is essential for healthcare providers to improve the quality of patients’ lives, avoid medical errors, and circumvent potentially dangerous drug–drug interactions. One of the greatest tools to achieve this foundational knowledge of pharmacology is the dedicated pharmacology educators who teach in health sciences programs. Too often, the pharmacology educators responsible for teaching this material are left siloed at their own institutions with little room for dialog and collaboration. As scientists, we know that it is through dialog and collaboration that ideas grow, are refined, and improve. More collaborative work is needed to identify and describe best practices for pharmacology education in health sciences programs. While evidence‐based, outcomes‐focused studies are the optimum standard for this work, there is also a place for descriptive studies and innovative reports.
Effects of garlic powder supplementation on metabolic syndrome components, insulin resistance, fatty liver index, and appetite in subjects with metabolic syndrome: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Sangouni Abbas Ali , Alizadeh Mohammad , Jamalzehi Atena , Parastouei Karim 
Published: May 2021

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is increasing. It is closely linked to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Garlic consumption as a strategy for the management of MetS has been suggested. We investigated the effect of garlic supplementation on MetS components, insulin resistance, fatty liver index (FLI), and appetite in subjects with MetS. Ninety subjects were assigned to receive 1,600 mg/d garlic powder or placebo for 3 months. The primary outcomes included MetS components. The secondary outcomes included insulin resistance, FLI, and appetite. Garlic supplementation compared with the placebo led to a significant increase in high density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (4.5 vs. −1.8, p < .001) and a significant reduction in waist circumference (−1.3 vs. 0.0, p = .001), diastolic blood pressure (−6.7 vs. 0.0, p < .001), systolic blood pressure (−7.7 vs. 0.5, p < .001), triglyceride (−40.0 vs. 0.1, p < .001), γ‐glutamyl transferase (−3.2 vs. 0.6, p = .01), FLI (−5.5 vs. 0.1, p < .001), insulin (−2.9 vs. −1.1, p < .001), homeostatic model of assessment for insulin resistance (−0.5 vs. −0.3, p < .001) and appetite (hunger: −11.7 vs. 1.7, p < .001; fullness: 10.0 vs. 0.3, p = .001; desire to eat: −6.7 vs. 2.1, p < .001; and ability to eat: −11.5 vs. −1.0, p < .001). Garlic improves MetS components, insulin resistance, FLI, and appetite.
Significant therapeutic effectiveness of durvalumab after chemoradiotherapy for a patient with post‐operative recurrent pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma
Authors: Shimamura So , Saiki Masafumi , Ide Shuichiro , Masuda Kazuki , Uchida Yoshinori , Sogami Yusuke , Kasai Kazunari , Inoue Tomohiro , Ishihara Hiroshi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma (PPC) is a poorly differentiated non‐small cell lung cancer. Because of its rarity, no standard therapy has been established for advanced disease. We herein report on a 62‐year‐old man with recurrent post‐operative PPC, for whom durvalumab after chemoradiotherapy was effective. He was referred to our hospital because of an abnormal shadow in the right upper lung on chest X‐ray. After surgical resection was performed, the imaging and histopathological findings revealed PPC (T4N0M0, stage IIIA) with elevated expression of programmed cell death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1). A metastasis was found in the left hemithorax 22 months later, and chemoradiotherapy consisting of 60 Gy of radiation and cisplatin plus tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil potassium was administered. Durvalumab was then begun as consolidation therapy. The efficacy of the treatments has continued for longer than 10 months. This case suggests that multidisciplinary treatment with chemoradiotherapy and consolidation immunotherapy may improve the prognosis of locally advanced PPC.
Hydrodynamic limit of the Robinson–Schensted–Knuth algorithm
Authors: Marciniak Mikołaj 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe investigate the evolution in time of the position of a fixed number in the insertion tableau when the Robinson–Schensted–Knuth algorithm is applied to a sequence of random numbers. When the length of the sequence tends to infinity, a typical trajectory after scaling converges uniformly in probability to some deterministic curve.
Evaluating causal‐based feature selection for fuel property prediction models
Authors: Nguyen Bernard , Whitmore Leanne S. , George Anthe , Hudson Corey M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn‐silico screening of novel biofuel molecules based on chemical and fuel properties is a critical first step in the biofuel evaluation process due to the significant volumes of samples required for experimental testing, the destructive nature of engine tests, and the costs associated with bench‐scale synthesis of novel fuels. Predictive models are limited by training sets of few existing measurements, often containing similar classes of molecules that represent just a subset of the potential molecular fuel space. Software tools can be used to generate every possible molecular descriptor for use as input features, but most of these features are largely irrelevant and training models on datasets with higher dimensionality than size tends to yield poor predictive performance. Feature selection has been shown to improve machine learning models, but correlation‐based feature selection fails to provide scientific insight into the underlying mechanisms that determine structure–property relationships. The implementation of causal discovery in feature selection could potentially inform the biofuel design process while also improving model prediction accuracy and robustness to new data. In this study, we investigate the benefits causal‐based feature selection might have on both model performance and identification of key molecular substructures. We found that causal‐based feature selection performed on par with alternative filtration methods, and that a structural causal model provides valuable scientific insights into the relationships between molecular substructures and fuel properties.
Alchemy: Distributed financial quantitative analysis system with high‐level programming model
Authors: Gu Rong , Zhang Zhixiang , Xu Zhihao , Wang Zhaokang , Zhang Kai , Yuan Chunfeng , Huang Yihua 
Published: May 2021

AbstractNowadays, the financial securities investment and transaction are processed digitally. The securities companies have accumulated a large amount of financial data. Given that, quantitative analysis has become a common method for securities investors. However, as the scale of data continues to grow, data storing and processing have increasingly become a big challenge to financial quantitative analysts. First, most existing stand‐alone quantitative analysis systems are hard to accelerate data processing in a distributed way. Second, existing distributed computing frameworks such as Apache Spark demands financial quantitative analysts with expertise knowledge on distributed computing. Third, transition from traditional stand‐alone financial quantitative analysis (FQA) system to such distributed computing system often introduces learning efforts and development overheads. To solve these problems, we propose Alchemy, a distributed processing platform tailored for FQA with high‐level programming interface. Alchemy offers distributed computing service and provides a pipeline‐based programming model which shares many similarities with the traditional stand‐alone systems, reducing learning efforts for financial quantitative analysts. The performance of Alchemy is evaluated in both experimental environment and a real‐world production environment in Huatai Securites which is a leading financial company in China. The results show that Alchemy is able to achieve up to 300 times speedup compared against existing financial quantitative analysis systems.