bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factores limitantes en la producción del biodiésel de Jatropha curcas L
Authors: Avellán Ana , García Segundo , Burgos Gabriel , Moreira Carlos , García Oswaldo , Banchón Carlos 
Published: December 2021

In order to reduce production costs of biodiesel, minimum transesterification conditions were herein evaluated. Limiting factors were determined to use calcium oxide and hydroxide catalysts, at different doses and concentrations in the transesterification of Jatropha curcas L. oil and methanol. It was determined that the presence of water, and content of free fatty acids (0,423-2,53% acidity) in the Jatropha oil are just a minimum inhibition factors, in comparison with atmospheric reaction conditions. In contrast, the 10:1 molar ratio of methanol and oil allowed a 98,9% yield of biodiesel when sodium hydroxide was used as catalyst. The same yield was obtained with or without oil esterification. In perspective, avoiding the poisoning of heterogeneous catalysts is still under study in the search for catalysts recovery from the reaction medium.

Index Terms—transesterification, nucleophilic reaction, oil, energy, biofuel.
Análisis del Plan Nacional de Eficiencia Energética en el Ecuador
Authors: Pazmiño Miranda Andrea Cristina 
Published: December 2021

El cambio climático y los problemas ambientales han sido tratados por varios países que buscan la manera de mitigar los gases contaminantes, como una de las soluciones para contribuir a este bien común, se establece leyes y normas de eficiencia energética. En el Ecuador existe el Plan Nacional de Eficiencia Energética que consta de tres etapas, se analizó la primera etapa del plan con el objetivo de evaluar la situación actual de los proyectos y programas. La investigación realizada concluye que se intenta promover las normas y leyes dirigidas hacia la eficiencia energética. Sin embargo, en el país aún se requiere fortalecer e invertir en la promulgación de estos planes, de manera que se mejore las políticas energéticas y su aplicación.

Palabras Claves — eficiencia energética, energía, programas de eficiencia energética, proyectos de eficiencia energética.

Abstract— Climate change and environmental problems have been treated by several countries seeking ways to mitigate pollutant gases, as one of the solutions to contribute to this common good, energy efficiency laws and regulations are established. In Ecuador there is the National Energy Efficiency Plan that consists of three stages, the first stage of the plan was analyzed with the objective of assessing the current status of projects and programs. The research carried out concludes that it is intended to promote the norms and laws directed towards energy efficiency. However, in the country it is still necessary to strengthen and invest in the promulgation of these plans, so that energy policies and their application are improved.

Index Terms— energy efficiency, energy, energy efficiency programs, energy efficiency projects.
Análisis de sobretensiones en líneas de transmisión de un sistema de dos segmentos. Caso de estudio: onda viajera por línea larga con conexión a cable aislado
Authors: Pazmiño Ordóñez Iván , Ponce Minaya Edwin Bernardo , Pico Mera Hugo Adrián 
Published: December 2021

El presente artículo muestra un desarrollo metodológico analítico para el cálculo de sobretensiones, aplicable en circunstancias análogas al caso de estudio planteado. Éste permite obtener de una manera simplificada los resultados alcanzados en una simulación realizada a través de una herramienta computacional. El objetivo radica en alcanzar un alto grado de proximidad en los resultados prescindiendo de la herramienta informática necesaria para este efecto cuando la complejidad del caso de estudio así lo permita, y de esta manera comprender la dinámica asociada a los parámetros que pueden tener una influencia decisiva en muchas de las sobretensiones presentes en un sistema eléctrico de potencia, lo que se perfila como una herramienta de gran utilidad para los operadores de la red en cuanto a la comprensión de la interrelación de las variables involucradas en el fenómeno de sobretensiones se refiere. Para evidenciar la efectividad de la metodología planteada se someten los resultados del cálculo analítico a un proceso de contraste con los obtenidos utilizando una herramienta computacional de amplia trayectoria en el estudio de sobretensiones eléctricas (ATPDraw®). Como resultado de dicha comparación se evidenciará un error menor al uno por ciento, lo que en términos prácticos puede considerarse como nulo, con lo cual queda validada el desarrollo metodológico analítico planteado.

Palabras clave: Protección Contra Sobretensiones, Computación en Ingeniería Eléctrica, Fallas en líneas eléctricas.

Abstract- This study presents the analytical and detailed methodological development for the calculation of surges applicable in circumstances analogous to the case study. This allows to obtain a simplified way of the results obtained in a simulation carried out through a computational tool. The comet is based on achieving a high degree of proximity in the results without the necessary computer tool for this purpose when the complexity of the case study allows it, and thus understand the dynamics associated with the parameters that can have a decisive influence in many of the overvoltages present in an electrical power system, which is emerging as a very useful tool for network operators in terms of understanding the interrelation of the variables involved in the overvoltage phenomenon. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, the results of the analytical calculation are sometimes obtained in a process of contrast with the data using a computational tool with extensive experience in the study of electrical surges (ATPDraw®). As a result of this comparison, the null error will be evidenced in practical terms, which validates the said analytical methodological development.

Keywords: Surge protection, Power engineering computing, power system faults.
Experiences of telehealth in general practice in Australia: research protocol for a mixed-methods study
Authors: White Sarah J , Nguyen Amy , Roger Peter , Tse Tim , Cartmill John A , Willcock Simon Mark 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundOwing to the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of telehealth has expanded rapidly. However, little is known about the impact of delivering care through telehealth on communication between clinicians and patients. At an interactional level, the ways in which clinicians establish rapport and connection with their patients in telehealth consultations is not well understood.AimThis study will explore interactional practices of GPs and patients in telehealth consultations to develop evidence-based resources to improve communication.Design & settingThe study will be conducted within the Australian general practice setting.MethodConversation analysis and sociolinguistic discourse analysis of recorded telehealth consultations will provide direct evidence of specific elements contributing to successful and less successful instances of telehealth communication. This analysis will be complemented by co-design techniques such as qualitative and reflective interviews, and collaborative workshops with telehealth users including both GPs and patients.ConclusionEffective communication is critical for telehealth consultations and is central to achieving optimal clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction. Evidence-based guidelines encompassing effective telehealth communication strategies will be co-developed with end-users in this study.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF FRANCHISING IN THE HOTEL BUSINESS
Authors: Pavlova Svitlana , Zaichuk Anastasiia 
Published: December 2021

The development of tourism is inextricably linked with the effective functioning of accommodation facilities, which in many countries form a significant share of gross domestic product. The hotel complex of Ukraine needs development and significant investment resources for reconstruction and bringing to international standards. Franchising can become an effective and efficient mechanism for conducting hotel business, which will reduce the risk of business activities, optimize investment, increase the level of hospitality services. The article analyzes the conceptual approaches to the organization of hotel business on a franchise basis in the Ukrainian market, explores the essence and mechanism of business processes on a franchise basis, outlines the economic relations between participants in such relations, identifies advantages and disadvantages of franchising for participants: franchisor and franchisees.
In order to assess the effectiveness of opening hotels under franchise agreements, in addition to financial indicators based on discount estimates, it is necessary to take into account the additional benefits that franchisees will receive from consulting services of the franchisor, such as concessional lending, rent, transfer of contracts with suppliers and contractors. reduction of the period of reaching full capacity, transfer of the established business practice, etc. It is the transfer of an efficient business model that will reduce operational risks and guarantee high economic performance.
The state and prospects of hotel activities in the conditions of activity restriction due to the COVID-19 pandemic are also considered. Crisis conditions of economic activity always give impetus to new ideas and development of new services. The vectors of further development are the informatization of most technological operations in the industry, and the optimization of operating costs, the formation of a new product, such as renting office space for business people who are ready to work and relax at the same time.
Developing Tourist Information Materials in the Course of Teaching a Foreign Language to Students Specializing in Tourism.
Authors: Kubrak S. , Lykhoshved N. 
Published: December 2021

The issue of making the city of Zhytomyr attractive to visitors from Ukraine and abroad is directly related to the resources available for tourists. Despite the rich cultural heritage, having no tourist information office, the city cannot provide its visitors with information materials, tourist information and other resources required to promote the city. Therefore, there is a current need to teach and prepare future managers in the sphere of tourism who are capable of developing the materials for tourists and presenting them in the way to draw visitors to Zhytomyr and the region.
The article is aimed at defining the scope of knowledge and skills to be acquired by students specializing in tourism management in order to develop information boards and materials for English-speaking tourists. For that purpose the author develops the project task that takes students through the stages of developing an information board for tourists; compiles the list of most common words and phrases in English to be used in the tourist product developed by the students; and develops the framework of local heritage knowledge to be internalized by students specializing in tourism management.
The suggested project stages are as follows: 1) gathering and analyzing information on local heritage and logistics; 2) acquiring language material, analyzing English-speaking resources for tourists to ensure proper linguistic appeal of the final product; 3) developing information materials for tourists (selecting the subject matter, categorizing information, developing the textual matter and design); 4) Preparing and presenting the information board for tourists visiting Zhytomyr.
ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ОСВІТИ В УКРАЇНІ: СОЦІАЛЬНО-ФІЛОСОФСЬКИЙ АНАЛІЗ
Authors: Мандрагеля В. 
Published: December 2021

У статті аргументуєтьсянеобхідність підвищення якості освіти як ключового фактора, що визначає інноваційні моделі розвитку суспільства та досягнення цілей сталого розвитку, визначені ООН. Підвищення добробуту та рівня життя людей, системне поєднання економічних, політичних та соціокультурних реформ неможливі без значних інвестицій у освіту, запровадження нових педагогічних підходів у загальному контексті розвитку інформаційно-комунікативних технологій. Особливої актуальності ця проблема набула ц зв’язку з пандемією, яка різко підвищила вимоги до формування цифрових і м’яких навичок педагогів і учнів. На категоричний імператив перетворилася концепція навчання протягом життя. Про це свідчать реалії життя, результати соціологічних опитувань, численні документи ООН, ЄС, ОЕСР, Світового Банку, Міжнародного Валютного Фонду, законодавчі та нормативно-правові акти розвинутих країн світу.
Незважаючи на посилення науково-дослідницької діяльності академічних інститутів, співробітництва з міжнародними партнерами, спектр і глибина досліджень в сфері освіти значно поступається відповідним зарубіжним аналогам. Насамперед, не вистачає системних досліджень щодо взаємозв’язку якості освіти в Україні з темпами економічного розвитку держави, матеріально-технічною і навчально-методичною базою освітніх установ, рівнем соціальної, медичної, санітарно-гігієнічної захищеності педагогів і учнів (студентів, слухачів), станом законодавства в сфері освіти, впливом певних зовнішніх чинників, міграційними процесами.
Здійснено порівняльний аналіз кількості закладів освіти в Україні і європейських країнах, їх державного фінансування, щорічних витрат на одного студента тощо. Акцентована увага на недостатньо динамічному розвитку швидкісного якісного Інтернету, обмежені можливості його використання через технічні проблеми та низький рівень життя пересічних громадян країни. Наголошено на необхідність актуалізації зусиль держави і закладів освіти щодо покращання цифрової компетенції, м’яких навичок, знання іноземних мов педагогів і учнів. Аргументується необхідність проведення системних досліджень сфери освіти з урахуванням усіх внутрішніх та зовнішніх чинників, що впливають на її функціонування.
Method for noncontact measurement of 2DEG mobility and carrier density in AlGaN/GaN on semi-insulating wafers
Authors: Wilson Marshall , Marinskiy Dmitriy , Lagowski Jacek , Almeida Carlos , Savtchouk Alexandre , Nguyen Danh , Benjamin Mark 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We present a charge-assisted sheet resistance technique for noncontact wafer level determination of two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) mobility versus sheet carrier density without any test structures or gates. Instead, the electrical biasing of the 2DEG is provided by surface charge deposition, using a corona charging method. Analysis of the sheet resistance versus deposited charge identifies the 2DEG full depletion condition and enables calculation of the 2DEG sheet carrier density required for the mobility. Results for AlGaN/GaN heterostructures on semi-insulating SiC and sapphire substrates show good agreement with Hall results at a zero-bias condition.
ALGORITHM OF BANDWIDTH DISTRIBUTION OF A LOGICAL CHANNEL OF A MULTI-SERVICE COMMUNICATION NETWORK, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT INSUFFICIENT OBSERVABILITY OF A RESOURCE PROVIDED BY A COMMUNICATION OPERATOR
Authors: Крюков О.В. , Остриков А.Ю. , Щербаков В.С. , Покацкий С.А. , Ульянов И.В. 
Published: December 2021

В работе предложен алгоритм распределения полосы пропускания логического канала мультисервисной сети связи, позволяющий повысить качество обслуживания для отдельных сервисов в условиях, когда арендуемый у оператора связи ресурс пропускной способности характеризуется недостаточной наблюдаемостью и отсутствует обмен метками QoS на транспортном уровне.
The paper proposes algorithm of bandwidth distribution of a logical channel of a multiservice communication network, which makes it possible to improve the quality of service for individual services in conditions when the bandwidth resource leased from a telecom operator is characterized by insufficient observability and there is no exchange of QoS tags at the transport level.
MODEL TERAPI SENI DENGAN MEDIA VISUAL DALAM MENGATASI MASALAH PSIKOLOGIS PADA PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Safitri M  , Sulis Mariyanti  
Published: December 2021

At this time there are at least 6 psychological impacts encountered, namely learning problems, especially in children and adolescents, general stress, anxiety, mood swings, anxiety disorders and somatic. These problems if not treated immediately can continue to become a more serious disorder. Thus, efforts are needed to overcome , including counseling from people who can help.The purpose of this study is to apply an art therapy model with visual media in overcoming psychological problems in the Covid-19 pandemic.This research method is a combination of qualitative and quantitative, with the results of descriptive analysis for the implementation of art therapy with visuals and a description of the results of therapy based on the level and ability to overcome problems before and after therapy.The sampling technique is non-probability sampling with purposive sampling, where the respondents are 5 residents who live in RW 06 Medang Pagedangan Tangerang.Art therapy using photocard tools from Point of You that explores awareness. Art therapy model with visual media through photocard from Point of You in coming psychological problems that have been done looks effective, looks like the counselee can determine the perceived problem solving, there is a decrease in the value of the problem and an increase in the value of problems solving abilities and the steps to be taken.Keywords: Art therapy, awareness, point of you
Pada saat ini setidaknya ada 6 dampak psikologis yang ditemui yaitu masalah belajar khususnya pada klien anak dan remaja, keluhan stress umum, keluhan kecemasan, keluhan suasana hati yang berubah-ubah/mood swing, gangguan kecemasan dan keluhan somatic. Masalah-masalah ini jika tidak segera mendapat penanganan dapat berlanjut menjadi gangguan lebih serius. Dengan demikian diperlukan usaha untuk untuk menanggulangi, diantaranya adalah melakukan konseling dari orang yang bisa membantu. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah mengaplikasikan model terapi seni dengan media visual dalam mengatasi masalah psikologis pada pandemi Covid 19. Metode penelitian ini adalah gabungan kualitatif dan kuantitatif, dengan hasil analisa deskripstif untuk pelaksanaan terapi seni dengan visual dan gambaran hasil terapi berdasarkan tingkat dan kemampuan mengatasi masalah sebelum dan setelah terapi. Teknik sampling non-probability sampling dengan purposive sampling, dimana responden adalah 5 warga yang tinggal di RW 06 Medang Pagedangan Tangerang. Terapi seni menggunakan tools kartu bergambar dari Point of youyang mengeksplore awareness. Model terapi seni dengan media visual melalui gambar dari Point of You dalam mengatasi masalah psikologis yang telah dilakukan terlihat efektif, terlihat konseli bisa menentukan pemecahan masalah yang dirasakan, ada penurunan pada nilai masalah dan kenaikan pada nilai kemampuan pemecahan masalah serta langkah yang akan dilakukan Kata Kunci: Terapi seni, awareness, point of you
MOTIVASI BELAJAR DITINJAU DARI DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DAN SCHOOL WELL-BEING
Authors: Nur Ainy Sadijah  
Published: December 2021

The role of the family has the influence to overcome all obstacles both from internal and external students in realizing all the ideals and hopes. Family support can increase learning motivation, sense of security and attention of students who are still in school. The form of family expression through empathy and acceptance helps students with enthusiasm to manifest individual enthusiasm in the learning process. High learning motivation is also caused by school well-being which is used by school institutions to understand all the basic needs for students and hope that individuals feel satisfaction, well-being and comfort in school with all the processes so as to reduce low learning motivation, this makes students feel prosperous, happy, happy in studying at school. This study aims to determine the effect of family support and school well-being on learning motivation in students of SMP Negeri 1 Telukjambe Timur Karawang. The number of samples used was 205 students of SMP Negeri 1 grades 7 and 8 East Telukjambe using probability sampling method. Based on the multiple regression analysis test that there is an influence between family support and school well-being on the learning motivation of students of SMP Negeri 1 Telukjambe Timur Karawang grades 7 and 8 with a Sign value. 0.000 <0.005, which means that family support and school well-being affect students' learning motivation by 23.1%. Keywords: Learning motivation, family support, school well-being
Peran keluarga memiliki pengaruh untuk mengatasi segala rintangan baik dari internal maupun ekternal siswa dalam mewujudkan semua cita-cita dan harapan. Dukungan keluarga mampu meningkatkan motivasi belajar, rasa aman dan perhatian siswa yang masih duduk dibangku sekolah. Bentuk ungkapan keluarga melalui empati dan penerimaan membantu siswa dengan semangat untuk mewujudkan semangat individu dalam proses belajarnya. Motivasi belajar yang tinggi juga di sebabkan oleh school well-being yang, dijadikan oleh institusi sekolah untuk memahami segala kebutuhan mendasar bagi siswa dan berharap individu merasakan kepuasan, kesejahteraan dan kenyamanan di sekolah dengan segala prosesnya sehingga mengurangi rendahnya motivasi belajar hal ini membuat siswa merasa sejahtera, senang, bahagia di dalam menuntut ilmu di sekolah. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dukungan keluarga dan school well-being terhadap motivasi belajar pada siswa SMP Negeri 1 Telukjambe Timur Karawang. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan 205 siswa SMP Negeri 1 kelas 7 dan 8 Telukjambe Timur dengan menggunakan metode probability sampling. Berdasarkan uji analisis regresi berganda bahwa terdapat pengaruh antara dukungan keluarga dan school well-being terhadap motivasi belajar siswa SMP Negeri 1 Telukjambe Timur Karawang kelas 7 dan 8 dengan nilai Sign. 0,000 < 0,005 yang artinya dukungan keluarga dan school well-being mempengaruhi motivasi belajar siswa sebesar 23.1%. Kata Kunci: Motivasi belajar, dukungan keluarga, school well-being
Near-UV Reddening Observed in the Reflectance Spectrum of High-inclination Centaur 2012 DR30
Authors: Seccull Tom , Fraser Wesley C. , Puzia Thomas H. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Centaurs with high orbital inclinations and perihelia (i > 60°; q ≳ 5 au) are a small group of poorly understood minor planets that are predicted to enter the giant planet region of the solar system from the inner Oort Cloud. As such, they are one of the few samples of relatively unaltered Oort Cloud material that can currently be directly observed. Here we present two new reflectance spectra of one of the largest of these objects, 2012 DR30, in order to constrain its color and surface composition. Contrary to reports that 2012 DR30 has variable optical color, we find that consistent measurements of its spectral gradient from most new and published data sets at 0.55–0.8 μm agree with a spectral gradient of

S
′
≃
10
%
±
1
%

/

0.1

μ
m

within their uncertainties. The spectral variability of 2012 DR30 at near-UV/blue and near-IR wavelengths, however, is still relatively unconstrained; self-consistent rotationally resolved follow-up observations are needed to characterize any spectral variation in those regions. We tentatively confirm previous detections of water ice on the surface of 2012 DR30, and we also consistently observe a steady steepening of the gradient of its spectrum from λ ∼ 0.6 μm toward near-UV wavelengths. Plausible surface materials responsible for the observed reddening may include ferric oxides contained within phyllosilicates and aromatic refractory organics.