bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic review of body contouring surgery in post‐bariatric patients to determine its prevalence, effects on quality of life, desire, and barriers
Authors: Jiang Zhiyuan , Zhang Guixiang , Huang Jinming , Shen Chaoyong , Cai Zhaolun , Yin Xiaonan , Yin Yuan , Zhang Bo 
Published: February 2021

SummaryMany post‐bariatric patients have impaired health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) due to excess skin following weight loss; however, it is inconclusive whether body contouring surgery (BCS) improves this impairment. We aimed to comprehensively summarize existing evidence of the effect of BCS on the HRQoL (primary outcome) and determine the prevalence of, the desire for, and barriers to BCS (secondary outcomes). Randomized controlled trials, cohort, cross‐sectional, case–control, and longitudinal studies were systematically searched in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central, and Web of Science. After screening 1923 potential records, 24 studies (representing 6867 participants) were deemed eligible. Only 18.5% of respondents from cross‐sectional studies underwent BCS, with abdominal BCS as the most common procedure. Most participants desired BCS but listed “cost” and “lacking reimbursement” as the main barriers. Results suggest that most post‐bariatric patients who underwent BCS experienced improvements in their HRQoL, which could be seen in almost every dimension evaluated, including body image and physical and psychosocial functions. Therefore, both bariatric and plastic surgeons should regard BCS not only as an aesthetic supplement but also as a vital part of functional recovery in the surgery‐mediated weight loss journey and, thus, provide it to more post‐bariatric patients.
The ambiguous role of sirtuins in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ezhilarasan Devaraj , Lakshmi Thangavelu , Subha Manoharan , Deepak Nallasamy Veeraiyan , Raghunandhakumar Subramanian 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOral cancer is one of the most leading cancer responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. The sirtuins (SIRTs) are a family of class III histone deacetylases and are known to regulate a variety of molecular signaling associated with different cancer types including oral malignancies. SIRT1 acts as bifunctional in a variety of cancer. In oral cancer, SIRT1 seems to work as a tumor suppressor. The carcinogenic potential of SIRT1 is also reported in oral cancer, and hence, its role is still ambiguous. SIRT2 is also said to play a dual‐faced role in different types of cancers. However, in oral cancer, SIRT2 is not studied and its role remains obscure. SIRT3 expression was positively correlated with oral malignancies. However, studies also showed the anti‐cancer role of SIRT3 in oral cancer. SIRT7 loss was observed in oral cancer cells, while its overexpression caused the suppression of oral cancer cells proliferation, migration, and invasiveness. The role of other SIRTs in oral cancer was studied meagerly or reports not available. To date, only the roles of SIRT1, SIRT3, and SIRT7 have been reported in oral malignancies. Therefore, understanding the regulatory mechanisms employed by sirtuins to modulate oral cancer is important for developing potential anti‐cancer therapeutic strategies.
Employment generation in net oil‐importing and net oil‐exporting countries: the role of energy consumption
Authors: Adekoya Oluwasegun B. , Faraz Mahwish 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWhile countries of the world look forward to meeting the increasing demand for energy, and improving the welfare of their citizens through provision of jobs, the way energy use affects employment will depend on the status of the country as a net importer or exporter of the most substantially consumed energy. Hence, this study comparatively examines the energy consumption‐employment nexus while putting the energy status of countries as net oil importers and net oil exporters into consideration. The empirical results indicate that employment does not respond to energy consumption in the net oil‐exporting countries for reasons attributable to inefficient energy use, overdependence on the abundant energy resource deposits and unstable world energy prices. This is unlike the case of the net oil‐importing countries where energy consumption significantly drives employment both in the short‐run and long‐run. Although the short‐run impact is negative (−1.921 per cent) due to the immediate impact of high energy prices at certain times, the strong positive long‐run impact (10.987 per cent) can be related to energy use efficiency. The results are robust to the consideration of possible outliers in the cross sections. Appropriate policies are drawn for both groups from these findings.
Ultraviolet B irradiation up‐regulates MM1 and induces photoageing of the epidermis
Authors: Zheng Xuan , Chen Li , Jin Shuguang , Xiong Lidan , Chen Huimin , Hu Ke , Fan Xueying , Fan Shijie , Li Chenghua 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundΔNp63α and c‐Myc are key transcription factors controlling proliferation and senescence in epithelial cells. We previously reported that the c‐Myc modulator MM1 and its E3 ligase, HERC3, together with the transcription factor ΔNp63α, compose a feedback loop, which regulates proliferative senescence in MCF‐10A mammary epithelial cells. However, it is unknown whether this loop is involved in skin ageing. On the other hand, ultraviolet B (UVB) rays are assumed to be the main culprits for photoageing of the epidermis, but the underlying mechanisms are obscure.AimsTo investigate whether MM1/ΔNp63α axis is involved in UVB‐induced photoageing of the epidermis.Materials and MethodsHaCaT human immortalized keratinocytes overexpressed with MM1, knocked down with c‐Myc or irradiated with UVB, were subjected to MTT assays to measure cell proliferation, as well as RT‐qPCR or immunoblot to detect the members of MM1/ΔNp63α loop and the cellular senescence markers. Meanwhile, primary normal human keratinocytes (NHKs) or mice were irradiated with UVB, followed by immunoblot analysis, SA‐β‐gal, haematoxylin‐eosin or immunohistochemistry staining.ResultsOverexpression of MM1 down‐regulated ΔNp63α and induced proliferative senescence in the HaCaT cells. In the HaCaT cells, NHKs and the mouse epidermis, UVB irradiation increased MM1 mRNA level and led to a down‐regulation of ΔNp63α, HERC3 and c‐Myc, concomitant with cellular senescence or photoageing. Additionally, knock‐down of c‐Myc induced proliferative senescence in the HaCaT cells and abrogated UVB‐induced cellular senescence.ConclusionsUVB up‐regulates MM1 and consequently modulates ΔNp63α and c‐Myc, which may account for the proliferative senescence of keratinocytes and photoageing of the epidermis.
Early diagnosis of prodromal dementia with Lewy bodies using clinical history of probable REM sleep behaviour disorder and cardiac 123I‐MIBG scintigraphy in memory clinics
Authors: Fujishiro Hiroshige , Ota Kazumi , Yamagata Mayumi , Ito Tatsuya , Hieda Sotaro , Suga Hiroko , Fukui Toshiya , Nagahama Yasuhiro 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundRapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) is associated with reduced cardiac 123I‐metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) uptake and often precedes the onset of Lewy body (LB) disorders. We investigated the role of cardiac 123I‐MIBG scintigraphy in relation to probable RBD for the clinical diagnosis of prodromal dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) in memory clinics.MethodsWe reviewed clinical profiles of 60 consecutive patients who underwent cardiac 123I‐MIBG scintigraphy in our memory clinics. The diagnostic threshold of 2.20 was used as the cut‐off for the heart‐to‐mediastinum ratio at the delayed phase.ResultsCardiac 123I‐MIBG abnormality was identified in 28 patients at baseline; six were cognitively unimpaired, six had mild cognitive impairment (MCI)‐LB, and 16 had probable DLB based on the National Institute on Aging and Alzheimer's Association Research Framework. Although the number of core features increased in accordance with the progression of three cognitive categories, there were no differences in the prevalence of probable RBD and the cardiac MIBG scintigraphy indices among them. During the observation period, two cognitively unimpaired patients with probable RBD progressed to MCI‐LB, and three MCI‐LB patients with probable RBD developed DLB. The prevalence of final diagnosis of probable MCI‐LB or DLB was significantly higher in these patients (85%) than the remaining 32 patients without (9%). Of 25 patients with probable RBD, 22 (88%) had a cardiac 123I‐MIBG abnormality regardless of cognitive conditions. Only one patient consulted a sleep centre for the abnormal sleep behaviour before visiting our memory clinics. Regarding the gender differences, male predominance was not identified and sleep‐related injury more frequently occurred in men (7/12, 58%) than in women (1/10, 10%).ConclusionsProactive detection of probable RBD plus cardiac 123I‐MIBG abnormality provides the opportunity for an early diagnosis of prodromal DLB in memory clinics. This approach warrants further follow‐up studies with polysomnographic and pathological verification.
Forgetting positive social feedback is difficult: ERP evidence in a directed forgetting paradigm
Authors: Xie Hui , Hu Xiaoqing , Mo Licheng , Zhang Dandan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractVoluntary forgetting of unwanted memories is an adaptive cognitive function. However, it remains unknown how voluntary forgetting of unwanted social feedback may influence subsequent memories and evaluations, and what the underlying neurocognitive processes are. Here, we presented participants with peer photos together with feedback indicating social acceptance or rejection, followed by “remember” or “forget” instructive cues, while electroencephalograms were recorded during the experiment. We examined the Directed Forgetting (DF) effect in a recognition memory test, and tested participants' explicit and implicit attitudes toward the peers using a social evaluation task and an affect misattribution procedure (AMP). Both the memory test and the AMP were examined immediately and 3 days after the DF task so to estimate both the instant and the long‐term effects of memory control. Behaviorally, immediate memory test showed smaller DF effect for positive than negative social feedback, which suggests that forgetting positive social feedback was more difficult than forgetting negative social feedback. Regarding the ERP results, although participants showed comparable frontal N2 amplitudes (reflecting inhibitory control efforts) following the instruction of forgetting positive and negative social feedback, positive feedback elicited larger late positive potential (LPP) amplitudes than negative feedback during initial encoding phase, suggesting an encoding bias for positive self‐relevant information. Intriguingly, voluntary efforts to forget negative social feedback enhanced people's explicit and implicit evaluations toward the feedback senders. These findings provide new evidence for the adaptive function of memory control, which broadens the influence of voluntary forgetting in the context of social interaction and social evaluation.
Finding Your Feet: A Gaussian Process Model for Estimating the Abilities of Batsmen in Test Cricket
Authors: Stevenson Oliver G. , Brewer Brendon J. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In the sport of cricket, a player’s batting ability is traditionally measured using the batting average. However, the batting average fails to measure both short-term changes in ability that occur during an innings and long-term changes in ability that occur between innings due to factors such as age and experience in various match conditions. We derive and fit a Bayesian parametric model that employs a Gaussian process to measure and predict how the batting abilities of cricket players vary and fluctuate over the course of entire playing careers. The results allow us to better quantify and predict the batting ability of a player, compared with both traditional cricket statistics, such as the batting average, and more complex models, such as the official International Cricket Council ratings.
Filter life and safety of heparin‐grafted membrane for continuous renal replacement therapy ‐ A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wong Emmett Tsz‐Yeung , Ong Venetia , Remani Deepa , Wong Weng‐Kin , Haroon Sabrina , Lau Titus , Nyeo Hui‐Qing , Mukhopadhyay Amartya , Tan Bee‐Hong , Chua Horng‐Ruey 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPolyethyleneimine‐layered membrane with grafted heparin (oXiris) may improve filter life during continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in addition to its immunoadsorptive capability, compared with that of conventional membrane. In this single center, prospective, open‐label pilot study, we randomized critically ill patients with bleeding risk who underwent anticoagulation‐free CRRT, to commence with oXiris or M150 filter with sequential crossover. We examined the filter life with each circuit and its effect on systemic coagulation parameters. We randomized 11 and nine patients to commence CRRT with oXiris and M150 respectively, with 19 oXiris and 20 M150 filter‐circuits in all. Patient profiles in both arms were comparable for illness severity and comorbidities. Median filter lives for oXiris versus M150 circuits were 13 h versus 18 h (p = 0.10). Among 11 patients with paired crossover filters, filter lives for 14 oXiris–M150 circuit pairs were 13 h versus 16 h (p = 0.27), and corresponding transmembrane pressures increased to 111 mmHg versus 75 mmHg by 12 h (p = 0.02). Patients’ coagulation parameters were comparable following both filter‐circuits. CRRT with oXiris (vs. M150) was independently associated with shorter filter life, adjusted for prescribed dose, vascular access, and coagulopathy. Use of oXiris did not prolong filter life over conventional membrane with no evidence of systemic heparin exposure; significant membrane clogging is observed by 12 h with oXiris.
Effects of whole‐body vibration training on calf muscle function during maximal isometric voluntary contractions
Authors: Rubio‐Arias Jacobo Á. , Ramos‐Campo Domingo Jesús , Alcaraz Pedro E. , Jiménez Díaz José Fernando , Blazevich Anthony J. 
Published: February 2021

The purposes of this study were to determine the impact of 6 weeks of whole‐body vibration training (WBVT) on maximum voluntary plantar flexor strength, muscle activity via surface electromyography (EMG), and muscle architecture measured at rest and during maximal contraction at different ankle joint angles in young healthy adults. Using a single‐blind study design, 28 healthy men and women were randomly assigned to control (CG; N = 14, 7 women) or whole‐body vibration training (WBVG; N = 14, 7 women) groups. Vibration training (20‐25 minutes; standing with knees flexed) was performed 3 week−1 for 6 weeks (18 sessions). Maximum isometric plantar flexor torque, muscle activity (medial and lateral gastrocnemius EMG) and medial gastrocnemius fascicle angle and length at rest and maximum contraction were tested at four ankle joint angles (ranging 45° to −15°; 0° = anatomical) before and after training. Significant increases (24.7%‐37.5%) were observed in peak torque (N∙m∙kg−1;%) at −15°, 0°, 15° and 30° joint angles from pre‐ to post‐intervention in WBVG, which were different to CG (no change) and greater at longer muscle lengths. No between‐group differences were observed in changes in EMG amplitudes measured during contraction or muscle architecture parameters at rest or during contraction. Six weeks of WBVT in young, healthy adults increased isometric plantarflexion strength at multiple joint angles, without detectible changes in EMG, muscle architecture, or body composition. Therefore, WBVT can significantly improve maximum plantar flexor strength at multiple joint angles (muscle lengths) in young healthy men, although the mechanisms underpinning the changes are currently unclear.
Is honesty always the best policy? Children's perceptions of negative performance feedback
Authors: Marble Kimberly E. , Boseovski Janet J. , Hill Angela 
Published: February 2021

AbstractChildren tend to discount negative feedback about their performance even when the feedback is delivered by an expert. This indifference toward feedback could hinder self‐improvement. We examined whether children would be receptive to negative feedback from an expert when provided with an explicit reason why it was given. One‐hundred twenty‐one 4 to 8 year olds heard about a target peer whose work product was evaluated negatively by an expert peer and positively by either a single layperson or a consensus of laypersons (also peers). Children were assigned to one of the three conditions in which the reason for the negative feedback varied: the expert promised to tell the truth about the work, the expert was a designated “helper,” or no explanation was provided. Children judged whether feedback from the expert and layperson(s) should be shared with the teacher and the target. Across ages, children indicated that the expert should share negative feedback with the teacher when the expert promised to tell the truth. Only 6 to 8 year olds reported that an expert who promised to tell the truth should convey this feedback to the target. Implications for children's interpretation of evaluative content in social learning situations are discussed.
The Politics of Security and Technology in Switzerland
Authors: Dunn Cavelty Myriam , Hagmann Jonas 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTechnologies play crucial roles in security politics. In a recent push to understand the dynamic interplay between technologies and politics, IR scholars increasingly draw on reflexive research traditions. The aim is to understand the social and political practices that influence the shape, design and use of security technologies instead of assuming that technologies have linear, independent effects on politics. This SPSR debate draws on this new perspective and applies it to topics salient in Swiss public debate. Its contributions analyze how cybersecurity, predictive policing, drones, artificial intelligence, targeted sanctions, urban design and spyware are deliberated, negotiated, programmed and critiqued in Switzerland. They chart different analytical avenues with which to address the recursive and non‐linear relationship between security politics and technologies, and, by familiarizing readers with the tenets and diversity of reflexive political science research, seek to give that longstanding scholarly research tradition better visibility in the Swiss political science community.
Establishing targeted control of creeping perennial weeds with soil‐active chemical injections: Assessment of subterranean bud responses in contact
Authors: Ito Misako , Ito Kanji 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIncreased infestation of aggressive creeping perennial weeds is a significant problem in urban vegetation management programs. These weeds produce vigorous biomass and extensive underground networks of either rhizomes or creeping roots that easily regrow from numerous buds. Foliar application of proper systemic herbicides has been a most effective way to suppress regrowth from underground creeping organs; however, killing the mature plants has disadvantages from aesthetic, economic, and ecological viewpoints. Therefore, we intended to test the possibility of soil‐injection of soil‐active herbicides for effective control of the perennial weeds which develop underground network systems. A pot experiment using combinations of seven species (seven rhizomatous and two having creeping roots) and five chemicals (four herbicides and a plant growth regulator) was conducted to assess whether and how chemicals diffused in soil affect the sprout and growth of buds on creeping organs. All the tested herbicides completely inhibited bud sprouting in one and more species when applied at median or high rates, while most of the flurprimidol‐applied segments sprouted but shoot elongation was significantly reduced. Characteristics of each herbicide were also reflected in the selectivity and features of new outgrowth. The results indicated that chemicals existing in soil were undoubtedly absorbed and affected bud activities. It is concluded that soil injection that delivers the probable soil‐active chemicals to subterranean creeping systems could be a promising technology for controlling noxious creeping perennials.
Numerical-Experimental Optimization of the Common-Feeding Injection System Concept for Application to Light-Duty Commercial Vehicles
Authors: Jin Zhiru , Vento Oscar , Zhang Tantan , Ferrari Alessandro , Mittica Antonio , Ouyang Lingxiang , Tan Sixi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The innovative common feeding (CF) fuel injection system has been designed for a light duty commercial vehicle diesel engine in order to reduce production costs and to allow easy installation on the engine, compared with a common rail (CR) system. In the CF apparatus, an additional delivery chamber is mechanically fixed at the high-pressure pump outlet, and the rail is removed from the hydraulic circuit. Experimental tests have been carried out on a hydraulic test rig in order to compare the general performance of the prototypal CF system with those of a CR system equipped with different rail volumes. In the cases of the double injections, the fluctuations of the injected mass pertaining to the second injections have been investigated during dwell time (DT) sweeps, and design solutions have been provided to minimize such oscillations. Moreover, an injection system numerical diagnostic model has been validated, and the reduced accumulation volumes linked phenomena have been analyzed. In general, the performance of the injection systems with different hydraulic capacitances or shapes of the accumulator are similar. One difference is that the injection rate features slightly different slopes during the rising phases; furthermore, cycle-to-cycle dispersions in the injected mass increase to some extent when the hydraulic capacitance is dramatically decreased. Finally, the frequencies of the free pressure waves, due to the water hammer occurring at the end of a hydraulic injection, are different when the shape of the accumulation volume changes, whereas these frequencies are independent of the accumulation volume sizes.
Acquisition and Processing Considerations for Infrared Images of Rotating Turbine Blades
Authors: Knisely Brian F. , Berdanier Reid A. , Thole Karen A. , Haldeman Charles W. , Markham James R. , Cosgrove Joseph E. , Carlson Andrew E. , Scire James J. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
As designers aim to increase efficiency in gas turbines for aircraft propulsion and power generation, spatially resolved experimental measurements are needed to validate computational models and compare improvement gains of new cooling designs. Infrared (IR) thermography is one such method for obtaining spatially resolved temperature measurements. As technological advances in thermal detectors enable faster integration times, surface temperature measurements of rotating turbine blades become possible to capture including the smallest features. This paper outlines opportunities enabled by the latest IR detector technologies for capturing spatially resolved rotating blade temperatures, while also addressing some of the challenges of implementing IR for turbine rigs such as the one in the Steady Thermal Aero Research Turbine (START) Laboratory. This paper documents critical steps in achieving accurate measurements including calibration, integration times, spatial noise, and motion blur. From these results, recommendations are provided for achieving accurate IR measurements collected in a rotating turbine facility to study film cooling.