bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Race in Social and Emotional Learning (SEL) Training for Preservice School Social Workers and Teachers
Authors: Humphries Marisha L , McKay-Jackson Cassandra 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRace is often ignored as a core component of social and emotional competency (SEC) and social and emotional learning (SEL). This study explored preservice school social worker and elementary teacher interns’ participation in a collaborative, multidisciplinary SEL training curriculum that integrates race. Nine preservice trainees (majority White women) participated in the collaborative training. Qualitative methodology was utilized to examine and access the training. Content analysis revealed three themes from a study of the interns’ participation in the training: function of color blindness, “I haven’t noticed,” and silencing of emotions. While interns acknowledged the importance of race, they were unclear on how students’ racial identities were a key component of students’ SEC. They also struggled to find ways to incorporate race in their implementation of SEL. Findings are discussed regarding the role of race and preservice training in SEL.
Accounting for GIA signal in GRACE products
Authors: Vishwakarma Bramha Dutt , Horwath Martin , Groh Andreas , Bamber Jonathan L 
Published: November 2021

SUMMARY
The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) observes gravitational potential anomalies that include the effects of present-day surface mass change (PDSMC)- and glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA)-driven solid Earth mass redistribution. Therefore, GIA estimates from a forward model are commonly removed from GRACE to estimate PDSMC. There are several GIA models and to facilitate users in using a GIA model of their choice, both GRACE and GIA products are made available in terms of global gridded fields representing mass anomaly. GRACE-observed gravitational potential anomalies are represented in terms of equivalent water height (EWH) with a relation that accounts for an elastic solid Earth deformation due to PDSMC. However, for obtaining GIA EWH fields from GIA gravitational potential fields, two relations are being used: one that is similar to that being used for GRACE EWH and the other that does not include an elastic deformation effect. This leaves users with the possibility of obtaining different values for PDSMC with a given GRACE and GIA field. In this paper, we discuss the impact of this problem on regional mass change estimates and highlight the need for consistent treatment of GIA signals in GRACE observations.
Effect of different selenium sources and concentrations on glutathione peroxidase activity and cholesterol metabolism of beef cattle
Authors: da Silva Janaina S , Rosa Alessandra F , Moncau Cristina T , Silva-Vignato Bárbara , Pugine Silvana Marina P , de Melo Mariza P , Sanchez João Marcelo D , Zanetti Marcus Antonio 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different Se sources and concentrations on glutathione forms and cholesterol metabolism in beef cattle. Sixty-three Nellore bulls (412 ± 19 kg body weight (BW); 24 mo old) were randomly assigned to a completely randomized design in a 2 × 3 + 1 factorial arrangement (63 pens; one animal/pen) with two Se sources (sodium selenite, ING and Se-yeast, ORG), three concentrations (0.3, 0.9, and 2.7 mg supplemental Se/kg dry matter (DM)), and control treatment (without Se supplementation) fed for 90 d. Blood samples were collected on day 0, 28, 56, and 84. Muscle and liver samples were collected at harvest. Hepatic GSSG (P = 0.004), GSH/GSSG ratio (P = 0.030), and GSH-Px (P = 0.004) were affected by Se source × concentration interaction. Oxidized glutathione was higher in the ORG group vs. ING at concentration 2.7 mg supplemental Se/kg DM, but at 0.3 mg supplemental Se/kg DM the ING group was higher than ORG. The liver GSH-Px activity was higher in the ORG group vs. ING at concentration 0.9 and 2.7 mg supplemental Se/kg DM. The GSH/GSSG ratio was the highest in animals fed 0.3 mg supplemental Se/kg DM of ORG. Selenium liver concentration increased linearly with the supplemental Se concentration in the diet (y = 0.0583 + 0.4254x, R2 = 0.92, P &lt; 0.0001), regardless of source. Total meat cholesterol was greater (P &lt; 0.001) in CON (control) vs. SUP (supplemented, regardless source) group. The muscle GSH-Px activity was higher (P &lt; 0.001) in SUP vs. CON and increased (P &lt; 0.004) with increasing supplemental Se concentrations. There was an increase on very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), glucose, and triglycerides in ORG vs. ING (P ≤ 0.035). In general, serum Se was higher (P &lt; 0.001) in SUP vs. CON and increased with increasing supplemental Se concentration. Lastly, the 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) concentration was lower (P = 0.002) in SUP (0.39 ng/mL) vs. CON (0.55 ng/mL). Selenium supplementation with different sources and concentrations has the potential to affect cholesterol metabolism by affecting GSH/GSSG ratio, GSH-Px, and the HMGCR.
Impacts of polyclonal antibody preparations from avian origin as a feed additive to beef cattle: immune responses during the step-up transition diets
Authors: Silva Gleise M , Podversich Federico , Schulmeister Tessa M , Sanford Carla , Cangiano Lautaro R , Nelson Corwin D , DiLorenzo Nicolas 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study investigated the effects of feeding an avian-derived polyclonal antibody preparation (PAP; CAMAS, Inc.) against Streptococcus bovis, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and lipopolysaccharides (LPS; 40%, 35%, and 25% of the preparation, respectively) on immune responses (haptoglobin [Hp], serum amyloid A [SAA], rectal temperature [RT], leukocyte counts, and expression of cell adhesion molecules cluster of differentiation [CD] CD11b, CD14, and CD62L) of beef steers during a 21-d step-up adaptation to a high-grain diet. Eight ruminally cannulated Angus crossbred beef steers (658 ± 79 kg of BW) were assigned in a cross-over design and transitioned from a diet containing bermudagrass hay (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) ad libitum plus 0.45 kg/d of molasses with 0 (CON) or 3 g of PAP to a high-grain diet. Transition consisted of three 7-d steps of increased inclusion of cracked corn (35%, 60%, and 82% of the diet dry matter for STEP1, STEP2, and STEP3, respectively). On each transition day and 7 d after STEP3 (STEP3-7d), RT was obtained every 3 h for a total of 24 h, whereas blood was collected on days 0, 1, and 3, relative to diet transition. There were no effects of PAP inclusion in any of the blood parameters (P &gt; 0.11). However, a tendency for day effect (P = 0.10) was observed for concentrations of Hp, which were greater on days 3 and 7 vs. day 0 relative to the second diet transition (STEP2). Plasma concentrations of SAA were greater on days 1, 3, and 7 compared to day 0 during STEP1 (P = 0.01), while during STEP2 and STEP3, SAA concentrations increased (P &lt; 0.01) from day 0 to 3. During STEP2, PAP steers tended to have lower (P = 0.08) RT than CON steers. Neutrophil and monocyte counts were the least during STEP3 (P &lt; 0.01), whereas expression of CD11b and CD62L was the least through forage feeding (P &lt; 0.01). Concentration of starch in the diet was correlated to all the variables tested (P ≤ 0.01), except for the percentage of B cells (P = 0.22). Yet only ruminal pH, RT, monocyte, and neutrophil counts presented strong correlation coefficients. In conclusion, the step-up transition from forage to high-grain diets triggered systemic inflammation in beef steers as observed by increased plasma concentrations of Hp, SAA, and expression on adhesion molecules in leukocytes. However, feeding polyclonal antibody preparations against S. bovis, F. necrophorum, and LPS did not provide benefits to mitigate inflammation.
Comparison between methods for measuring fecal egg count and estimating genetic parameters for gastrointestinal parasite resistance traits in sheep
Authors: Boareki Mohammed N , Schenkel Flavio S , Willoughby Olivia , Suarez-Vega Aroa , Kennedy Delma , Cánovas Angela 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFecal egg count (FEC) is an indicative measurement for parasite infection in sheep. Different FEC methods may show inconsistent results. Not accounting for inconsistencies can be problematic when integrating measurements from different FEC methods for genetic evaluation. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the difference in means and variances between two fecal egg counting methods used in sheep—the Modified McMaster (LMMR) and the Triple Chamber McMaster (LTCM); to estimate variance components for the two FEC methods, treating them as two different traits; and to integrate FEC data from the two different methods and estimate genetic parameters for FEC and other gastrointestinal parasite resistance traits. Fecal samples were collected from a commercial Rideau-Arcott sheep farm in Ontario. Fecal egg counting was performed using both LMMR and the LTCM methods. Other parasite resistance trait records were collected from the same farm including eye score (FAMACHA), body condition score (BCS), and body weight (WT). The two FEC methods were highly genetically (0.94) and phenotypically (0.88) correlated. However, the mean and variance between the two FEC methods were significantly different (P &lt; 0.0001). Therefore, re-scaling is required prior to integrating data from the different methods. For the multiple trait analysis, data from the two fecal egg counting methods were integrated (LFEC) by using records for the LMMR when available and replacing missing records with re-standardized LTCM records converted to the same mean and variance of LMMR. Heritability estimates were 0.12 ± 0.04, 0.07 ± 0.05, 0.17 ± 0.06, and 0.24 ± 0.07 for LFEC egg count, FAMACHA, BCS, and WT, respectively. The estimated genetic correlations between FEC and the other parasite resistance traits were low and not significant (P &gt; 0.05) for FAMACHA (r = 0.24 ± 0.32) and WT (r = 0.22 ± 0.19), and essentially zero for BCS (r = −0.03 ± 0.25), suggesting little to no benefit of using such traits as indicators for LFEC.
The digital humanities and re-imagined language description: A linguistic model of Malay with potential for other languages
Authors: Don Zuraidah Mohd , Knowles Gerry 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The declaration of 2019 as the International Year of Indigenous Languages raised the question how it will be possible in practice for hitherto uninvestigated languages to be investigated at all. The suggestion put forward in this article is that traditional language description reimagined in the context of the Digital Humanities has the capacity to create models, which can be re-used mutatis mutandis for other languages. The methodology makes use of MaLex, which is a collection of procedures and datasets designed for Malay in the first instance, but with the potential to be modified for other languages. MaLex is placed in its historical context within the Humanities, and digital procedures are explicitly connected to traditional scholarship. The use of digital methods creates new opportunities to scale up practical linguistic analysis using large datasets. MaLex procedures include a stemmer, a tagger, a parser, and a spelling-to-phoneme algorithm, and make a rough English translation of Malay text. MaLex simulates the approach of the practical linguist analysing a new language, and as new components are added, they are made to integrate with existing components, so that MaLex works like a single machine, drawing on an integrated infrastructure.
Atomic data calculations for Au i–Au iii and exploration in the application of collisional-radiative theory to laboratory and neutron star merger plasmas
Authors: McCann Michael , Bromley S , Loch S D , Ballance C P 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
Neutron binary star mergers have long been proposed as sufficiently neutron rich environments that could support the synthesis of rapid neutron capture elements (r-process elements) such as gold. However, the literature reveals that beyond neutral and singly ionized systems, there is an incompleteness of atomic data for the remaining ion stages of importance for mergers. In this work, we report on relativistic atomic structure calculations for Au i–Au iii using the grasp0 codes. Comparisons to calculations using the Flexible Atomic Code suggest uncertainties on average of 9.2 per cent, 5.7 per cent, and 3.8 per cent for Au i–Au iii level energies. Agreement around ∼50 per cent is achieved between our computed A-values and those in the literature, where available. Using the grasp0 structure of Au i, we calculated electron-impact excitation rate coefficients and use a collisional-radiative model to explore the excitation dynamics and line ratio diagnostics possible in neutron star merger environments. We find that proper accounting of metastable populations is critical for extracting useful information from ultraviolet–visible line ratio diagnostics of Au i. As a test of our data, we applied our electron-impact data to study a gold hollow cathode spectrum in the literature and diagnosed the plasma conditions as Te = 3.1 ± 1.2 eV and $n_\textrm {e} = 2.7^{+1.3}_{-0.9}\times 10^{13}$ cm−3.
BiPoS1 – a computer programme for the dynamical processing of the initial binary star population
Authors: Dabringhausen J , Marks M , Kroupa P 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
The first version of the Binary Population Synthesizer (BiPoS1) is made publicly available. It allows to efficiently calculate binary distribution functions after the dynamical processing of a realistic population of binary stars during the first few Myr in the hosting embedded star cluster. Instead of time-consuming N-body simulations, BiPoS1 uses the stellar dynamical operator $\Omega _{\rm dyn}^{\rho _{\rm ecl}}(\log _{10}(E_{\rm b}),t)$, which determines the fraction of surviving binaries depending on the binding energy of the binaries, Eb. The Ω-operator depends on the initial star cluster density, ρecl, as well as the time, t, until the residual gas of the star cluster is expelled. BiPoS1 has also a galactic-field mode, in order to synthesize the stellar population of a whole galaxy. At the time of gas expulsion, the dynamical processing of the binary population is assumed to efficiently end due to the subsequent expansion of the star cluster. While BiPoS1 has been used previously unpublished, here we demonstrate its use in the modelling of the binary populations in the Orion Nebula Cluster, in OB associations and as an input for simulations of globular clusters.
Leptomeningeal disease in neurosurgical brain metastases patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tewarie Ishaan Ashwini , Jessurun Charissa A C , Hulsbergen Alexander F C , Smith Timothy R , Mekary Rania A , Broekman Marike L D 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background
Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) is a complication distinguished by progression of metastatic disease into the leptomeninges and subsequent spread via cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Although treatments for LMD exist, it is considered fatal with a median survival of 2–4 months. A broader overview of the risk factors that increase the brain metastasis (BM) patient's risk of LMD is needed. This meta-analysis aimed to systematically review and quantitatively assess risk factors for LMD after surgical resection for BM.

Methods
A systematic literature search was performed on 7 May 2021. Pooled effect sizes were calculated using a random-effects model for variables reported by three or more studies.

Results
Among 503 studies, thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria with a total surgical sample size of 2105 patients, of which 386 patients developed LMD. The median incidence of LMD across included studies was 16.1%. Eighteen unique risk factors were reported as significantly associated with LMD occurrence, including but not limited to: larger tumor size, infratentorial BM location, proximity of BM to cerebrospinal fluid spaces, ventricle violation during surgery, subtotal or piecemeal resection, and postoperative stereotactic radiosurgery. Pooled results demonstrated that breast cancer as the primary tumor location (HR = 2.73, 95% CI: 2.12–3.52) and multiple BMs (HR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.18–1.58) were significantly associated with a higher risk of LMD occurrence.

Conclusion
Breast cancer origin and multiple BMs increase the risk of LMD occurrence after neurosurgery. Several other risk factors which might play a role in LMD development were also identified.
Colour Doppler ultrasound and the giant cell arteritis probability score for the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis: a Canadian single-centre experience
Authors: Zarka Farah , Rhéaume Maxime , Belhocine Meriem , Goulet Michelle , Febrer Guillaume , Mansour Anne-Marie , Troyanov Yves , Starnino Tara , Meunier Rosalie-Sélène , Chagnon Isabelle , Routhier Nathalie , Bénard Valérie , Ducharme-Bénard Stéphanie , Ross Carolyn , Makhzoum Jean-Paul 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The aim was to compare the accuracy of colour Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) and temporal artery biopsy (TAB) to establish the final diagnosis of GCA and to determine how the GCA probability score (GCAPS) performs as a risk stratification tool.

Methods
Descriptive statistics were performed on a retrospective cohort of patients referred to our vasculitis referral centre between 1 July 2017 and 1 October 2020 for suspected GCA. CDUS, TAB, centre-specific TAB (vasculitis centre vs referring hospitals) and GCAPS were compared against the final diagnosis of GCA as determined by a GCA expert; CDUS was also compared with TAB results.

Results
Data from 198 patients were included: 60 patients with GCA and 138 patients without GCA. Sixty-two patients had a TAB. Using the final diagnosis by a GCA expert as a reference, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 93.3%, 98.5%, 96.6% and 97.1% for CDUS and 69.2%, 100%, 100% and 81.8% for TAB, respectively. The false-negative rate was 6.7% for CDUS and 30.8% for TAB. False-negative TAB mostly occurred when performed in referring hospitals (57.1%) as opposed to our vasculitis centre (21.1%). With a cut-off at 9.5 points, sensitivity for GCAPS was 98.3% and specificity 74.3%.

Conclusion
CDUS of the temporal and axillary arteries showed a high sensitivity and specificity and helped to diagnose GCA in patients with negative TAB. We validated that GCAPS is a useful clinical tool, with a score of &lt;9.5 making the diagnosis of GCA improbable.
Do Patients With Multiple Myeloma Enrolled in Clinical Trials Live Longer?
Authors: Aung Taing N. , Bickell Nina A. , Jagannath Sundar , Kamath Geetanjali , Meltzer Jeremy , Kunzel Brian , Egorova Natalia N. 
Published: November 2021

Objectives:
Enrollment in clinical trials is thought to improve survival outcomes through the trial effect. In this retrospective observational cohort study, we aimed to discern differences in survival outcomes by clinical trial enrollment and race-ethnicity.

Materials and Methods:
Of 1285 patients receiving care for multiple myeloma at an National Cancer Institute designated cancer center from 2012 to 2018, 1065 (83%) were nontrial and 220 (17%) were trial participants. Time to event analyses were used to adjust for baseline characteristics and account for clinical trial enrollment as a time-varying covariate. We analyzed propensity-matched cohorts of trial and nontrial patients to reduce potential bias in observational data.

Results:
Trial patients were younger (mean age in years: 60 vs. 63; P<0.001), underwent more lines of therapy (treatment lines ≥6: 39% vs. 17%; P<0.001), and had more comorbidities than nontrial patients. After controlling for baseline characteristics and clinical trial enrollment as a time-varying covariate, no significant difference in survival was found between trial and nontrial participants (hazard ratio [HR]=1.34, 95% confidence intervals [CIs]: 0.90-1.99), or between propensity-matched trial and nontrial participants (205 patients in each cohort, HR=1.36, 95% CIs: 0.83-2.23). Subgroup analyses by lines of therapy confirmed results from overall analyses. We did not observe survival differences by race-ethnicity (Logrank P=0.09), though hazard of death was significantly increased for nontrial Black/Hispanic patients compared with trial White patients (HR=1.76, 95% CIs=1.01-3.08).

Conclusions:
This study did not find evidence of a significant survival benefit to trial enrollment among patients with multiple myeloma. Patients enrolled in clinical trials underwent more lines of therapy, suggesting they may have had more treatment-resistant cancers. A small survival benefit in this cohort may be obscured by the lack of difference in survival between trial and nontrial patients.
Reirradiation in Conservative Salvage of Recurrent Soft-tissue Sarcoma
Authors: Braschi Erica L. , Kharod Shivam M. , Morris Christopher G. , Spiguel Andre R. , Gibbs Charles P. , Scarborough Mark T. , Zlotecki Robert A. 
Published: November 2021

Objective:
Compared with radical resection alone, perioperative radiation therapy (RT) combined with neurovascular preserving surgery is the standard for the management of virgin soft-tissue sarcomas. Yet, the optimal management of a local recurrence remains unclear. We report outcomes of patients with locally recurrent soft-tissue sarcoma treated with resection and reirradiation at the University of Florida.

Materials and Methods:
We reviewed the records of patients treated with primary conservative surgery and radiation for soft-tissue sarcoma followed by salvage resection and reirradiation for a local recurrence at our institution.

Results:
We analyzed 23 patients treated between 1976 and 2014 (median follow-up, 46 mo). Tumor sites included: proximal extremity, 11 patients; trunk, 6; distal extremity, 5; and head and neck, 1. All patients had conservative gross total resection of their recurrent tumor, without amputation. For reirradiation, 16 patients received external-beam RT alone, 6 received external-beam RT and brachytherapy, and 1 received brachytherapy alone. Two patients received chemotherapy. After retreatment, the 5-year overall survival, cause-specific survival, local control, and distant control rates were 39%, 42%, 46%, and 60%, respectively. Ten patients experienced local recurrences, 1 experienced regional recurrence, and 9 developed distant metastases. Retreatment-related complications ranged from delayed wound healing to limb amputation; 8 patients required amputation. Only 3 patients remained disease-free at last follow-up. No statistically significant associations were found between treatment factors (eg, RT dose) and local control.

Conclusions:
Achieving local control of recurrent soft-tissue sarcoma is challenging. Treatment with reoperation and reirradiation can lead to debilitating complications affecting function and quality of life.
Reported Clinical and Financial Performance of Hospitals With Physician CEOs Compared to Those With Nonphysician CEOs
Authors: Moores Leon E. , Landry Amy , Hernandez S. Robert , Szychowski Jeff M. , Borkowski Nancy 
Published: November 2021

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Little work has been done comparing the performance of hospitals with physician CEOs versus nonphysician CEOs, despite the ease of identifying this characteristic and extant leadership theories suggesting a relationship between technical expertise and success in leading highly technical organizations. We performed a detailed analysis of several widely accepted measures of clinical and financial performance across a randomly selected group of U.S. acute care hospitals with more than 40 beds and found no statistically significant differences between the two groups. The 30-day acute myocardial infarction mortality rate showed a positive statistically significant difference in the bivariate analysis (p < .001), but the effect was nullified in the multivariable regression analysis.