bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On application of deep learning to simplified quantum-classical dynamics in electronically excited states
Authors: Posenitskiy Evgeny , Spiegelman Fernand , Lemoine Didier 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Deep learning (DL) is applied to simulate non-adiabatic molecular dynamics of phenanthrene, using the time-dependent density functional based tight binding (TD-DFTB) approach for excited states combined with mixed quantum–classical propagation. Reference calculations rely on Tully’s fewest-switches surface hopping (FSSH) algorithm coupled to TD-DFTB, which provides electronic relaxation dynamics in fair agreement with various available experimental results. Aiming at describing the coupled electron-nuclei dynamics in large molecular systems, we then examine the combination of DL for excited-state potential energy surfaces (PESs) with a simplified trajectory surface hopping propagation based on the Belyaev–Lebedev (BL) scheme. We start to assess the accuracy of the TD-DFTB approach upon comparison of the optical spectrum with experimental and higher-level theoretical results. Using the recently developed SchNetPack (Schütt et al 2019 J. Chem. Theory Comput.
15 448–55) for DL applications, we train several models and evaluate their performance in predicting excited-state energies and forces. Then, the main focus is given to the analysis of the electronic population of low-lying excited states computed with the aforementioned methods. We determine the relaxation timescales and compare them with experimental data. Our results show that DL demonstrates its ability to describe the excited-state PESs. When coupled to the simplified BL scheme considered in this study, it provides reliable description of the electronic relaxation in phenanthrene as compared with either the experimental data or the higher-level FSSH/TD-DFTB theoretical results. Furthermore, the DL performance allows high-throughput analysis at a negligible cost.
Two point-source interference: a study of the formation of concentric circular fringes
Authors: Thomas Joseph Ivin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this short paper, the hyperbola-based analysis of wave interference recently developed by Thomas is employed to study the pattern of concentric circular fringes captured on a distant screen, when its plane is oriented orthogonal to the line joining two coherent point-sources. Newton’s rings are another instance of concentric circular fringes, generated with an extended source and a plano-convex lens-glass plate combination. The underlying geometry of the latter scenario, as described in the literature, allows for the estimation of two important physical parameters viz. the wavelength of light and the refractive index of a liquid medium. It is demonstrated here that the geometrical arrangement of the former scenario can in principle, be utilized to reach the same ends as well. Additionally, the hallmark distinguishing features of both types of circular fringe patterns are qualitatively and quantitatively elucidated.
Prevalence of Child Maltreatment during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-sectional Survey of Rural Hubei, China
Authors: Zhang Huiping , Li Yali , Shi Rui , Dong Peiyu , Wang Weiwei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The impact of lockdown measures in Wuhan, China during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on child maltreatment remains unknown. The present study attempted to estimate the prevalence of child maltreatment during this period, to identify risk factors, and the influence of child maltreatment. A representative sample of 1,062 school-aged children in rural Hubei province was surveyed. Results indicated that the prevalence of family violence, physical violence, emotional abuse and neglect during the lockdown period were 13.9, 13.7, 20.2 and 7.3 percent, respectively, and that of lifetime prevalence were 17.0, 13.9, 14.6 and 6.9 percent, respectively. And most victims did not seek official help. Boys were more likely to experience physical violence. Children from separated/divorced families tended to report more emotional abuse. Those having family members with a history of drug abuse and mental illness were more likely to experience neglect during the lockdown period. All types of child maltreatment were positively associated with self-harm behaviours. These findings highlight the importance of identifying at-risk children immediately and implementing timely intervention programmes to prevent self-harm behaviours for social workers and health professionals.
Australian and New Zealand social workers adjusting to the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Alston Margaret , Irons Kelly , Adamson Carole , Boddy Jenny , Fronek Patricia , Briggs Lynne , Hay Kathryn , Howard Amanda , Rowlands Allison , Hazeleger Tricia , Foote Wendy 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In 2020, social workers across the world responded to the global COVID-19 pandemic and the consequent strict lockdown procedures over several months. In many countries, including Australia and New Zealand, this virtual shutdown period necessitated a reframing of social work practice to incorporate factors including delivery of services via virtual means and more limited access for vulnerable clients. This article draws on the integration of two methods designed to address the research question: ‘How has social work practice in Australia and New Zealand been affected by COVID-19?’ These include (i) a narrative review of papers published during 2020 on social work practice and the COVID-19 pandemic and (ii) an online survey, undertaken from October to December 2020, of Australian and New Zealand social workers. The questionnaire data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and thematic analysis. The findings of this article details include the significant impacts of COVID-19 on practice, the increased needs of clients, including a rise in health issues, violence, homelessness and financial concerns, and the resulting critical changes to social work workloads. Social workers also reported greater use of technologies to deliver services and fears for their families and themselves if exposed to COVID-19.
Balance between competing spectral states in subthalamic nucleus is linked to motor impairment in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Khawaldeh Saed , Tinkhauser Gerd , Torrecillos Flavie , He Shenghong , Foltynie Thomas , Limousin Patricia , Zrinzo Ludvic , Oswal Ashwini , Quinn Andrew J , Vidaurre Diego , Tan Huiling , Litvak Vladimir , Kühn Andrea , Woolrich Mark , Brown Peter 
Published: July 2021

AbstractExaggerated local field potential bursts of activity at frequencies in the low beta band are a well-established phenomenon in the subthalamic nucleus of patients with Parkinson’s disease. However, such activity is only moderately correlated with motor impairment. Here we test the hypothesis that beta bursts are just one of several dynamic states in the subthalamic nucleus local field potential in Parkinson’s disease, and that together these different states predict motor impairment with high fidelity.Local field potentials were recorded in 32 patients (64 hemispheres) undergoing deep brain stimulation surgery targeting the subthalamic nucleus. Recordings were performed following overnight withdrawal of anti-parkinsonian medication, and after administration of levodopa. Local field potentials were analysed using hidden Markov modelling to identify transient spectral states with frequencies under 40 Hz.Findings in the low beta frequency band were similar to those previously reported; levodopa reduced occurrence rate and duration of low beta states, and the greater the reductions, the greater the improvement in motor impairment. However, additional local field potential states were distinguished in the theta, alpha and high beta bands, and these behaved in an opposite manner. They were increased in occurrence rate and duration by levodopa, and the greater the increases, the greater the improvement in motor impairment. In addition, levodopa favoured the transition of low beta states to other spectral states. When all local field potential states and corresponding features were considered in a multivariate model it was possible to predict 50% of the variance in patients’ hemibody impairment OFF medication, and in the change in hemibody impairment following levodopa. This only improved slightly if signal amplitude or gamma band features were also included in the multivariate model. In addition, it compares with a prediction of only 16% of the variance when using beta bursts alone.We conclude that multiple spectral states in the subthalamic nucleus local field potential have a bearing on motor impairment, and that levodopa-induced shifts in the balance between these states can predict clinical change with high fidelity. This is important in suggesting that some states might be upregulated to improve parkinsonism and in suggesting how local field potential feedback can be made more informative in closed-loop deep brain stimulation systems.
Evaluating Vaccine Efficacy Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection
Authors: Lin Dan-Yu , Gu Yu , Zeng Donglin , Janes Holly E , Gilbert Peter B 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAlthough interim results from several large, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trials demonstrated high vaccine efficacy (VE) against symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it is unknown how effective the vaccines are in preventing people from becoming asymptomatically infected and potentially spreading the virus unwittingly. It is more difficult to evaluate VE against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection than against symptomatic COVID-19 because infection is not observed directly but rather is known to occur between 2 antibody or reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests. Additional challenges arise as community transmission changes over time and as participants are vaccinated on different dates because of staggered enrollment of participants or crossover of placebo recipients to the vaccine arm before the end of the study. Here, we provide valid and efficient statistical methods for estimating potentially waning VE against SARS-CoV-2 infection with blood or nasal samples under time-varying community transmission, staggered enrollment, and blinded or unblinded crossover. We demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed methods through numerical studies that mimic the BNT162b2 phase 3 trial and the Prevent COVID U study. In addition, we assess how crossover and the frequency of diagnostic tests affect the precision of VE estimates.
circExp database: an online transcriptome platform for human circRNA expressions in cancers
Authors: Zhao Min , Liu Yining , Qu Hong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a highly stable, single-stranded, closed-loop RNA that works as RNA or as a protein decoy to regulate gene expression. In humans, thousands of circRNA transcriptional products precisely express in specific developmental stages, tissues and cell types. Due to their stability and specificity, circRNAs are ideal biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. To provide an integrated and standardized circRNA expression profile for human cancers, we performed extensive data curation across 11 technical platforms, collecting 48 expression profile data sets for 18 cancer types and amassing 860 751 expression records. We also identified 189 193 differential expression signatures that are significantly different between normal and cancer samples. All the pre-calculated expression analysis results are organized into 132 plain text files for bulk download. Our online interface, circExp, provides data browsing and search functions. For each data set, a dynamic expression heatmap provides a profile overview. Based on the processed data, we found that 52 circRNAs were consistently and differentially expressed in 20 or more processed analyses. By mapping those circRNAs to their parent protein-coding genes, we found that they may have profoundly affected the survival of 10 797 patients in the The Cancer Genome Atlas pan-cancer data set. In sum, we developed circExp and demonstrated that it is useful to identify circRNAs that have potential diagnostic and prognostic significance for a variety of cancer types. In this online and reusable database, found at http://soft.bioinfo-minzhao.org/circexp, we have provided pre-calculated expression data about circRNAs and their parental genes, as well as data browsing and searching functions.
Database URL: http://soft.bioinfominzhao.org/circexp/
Executive Function Training for Deaf Children: Impact of a Music Intervention
Authors: Mason Kathryn , Marshall Chloe Ruth , Morgan Gary 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Several studies have reported poor executive function (EF) development in deaf children with subsequent impacts on their social and academic attainment. This paper describes the results of a music-based EF intervention designed for deaf children and carried out in two sets of primary schools. This is the first classroom-based EF training study with deaf children, and it also incorporates a replication phase. The intervention was a within-subject crossover design, with 29 deaf children aged 7–11 years who participated in both an EF and an art class control activity, each lasting 10 hours over 5 weeks. Non-verbal EF skills were assessed at pre-test, the crossover point, and post-test. Findings indicated that the EF intervention led to an improvement in participants’ working memory and inhibitory skills in comparison with their performance on the same tasks after the control activity. The findings were not uniform for all EFs targeted nor for all cognitive ability levels in the sample. We discuss the implications of our findings for deaf children with different ability levels and for how EF interventions can be further improved.
Quality of life and symptom assessment in paraesophageal hernias: a systematic literature review of reporting standards
Authors: Patel Nikhil M , Puri Aiysha , Sounderajah Viknesh , Ferri Lorenzo , Griffiths Ewen , Low Donald , Maynard Nick , Mueller Carmen , Pera Manuel , van Berge Henegouwen Mark I , Watson David I , Zaninotto Giovanni , Hanna George B , Markar Sheraz R ,   the Para-Oesophageal hernia Symptom Tool (POST) Collaborative
Published: July 2021

Summary

Background
Paraesophageal hernias (PEH) present with a range of symptoms affecting physical and mental health. This systematic review aims to assess the quality of reporting standards for patients with PEH, identify the most frequently used quality of life (QOL) and symptom severity assessment tools in PEH and to ascertain additional symptoms reported by these patients not captured by these tools.

Methods
A systematic literature review according to PRISMA protocols was carried out following a literature search of MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane databases for studies published between January 1960 and May 2020. Published abstracts from conference proceedings were included. Data on QOL tools used and reported symptoms were extracted.

Results
This review included 220 studies reporting on 28 353 patients. A total of 46 different QOL and symptom severity tools were used across all studies, and 89 different symptoms were reported. The most frequently utilized QOL tool was the Gastro-Esophageal Reflux Disease-Health related quality of life questionnaire symptom severity instrument (47.7%), 57.2% of studies utilized more than 2 QOL tools and ‘dysphagia’ was the most frequently reported symptom, in 55.0% of studies. Notably, respiratory and cardiovascular symptoms, although less common than GI symptoms, were reported and included ‘dyspnea’ reported in 35 studies (15.9%).

Conclusions
There lacks a QOL assessment tool that captures the range of symptoms associated with PEH. Reporting standards for this cohort must be improved to compare patient outcomes before and after surgery. Further investigations must seek to develop a PEH specific tool, that encompasses the relative importance of symptoms when considering surgical intervention and assessing symptomatic improvement following surgery.
Long-term prognostic value of stress CMR-related coronary revascularization to predict death: a large registry with &gt; 200,000 patient-years of follow-up
Authors: Pezel T , Unterseeh T , Garot P , Hovasse T , Sanguineti F , Toupin S , Morisset S , Champagne S , Garot J 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

BACKGROUND
While the benefit of coronary revascularization in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) is debated, data assessing the potential interest of stress CMR to guide coronary revascularization are limited.

PURPOSE
To assess the long-term prognostic value of stress CMR-related coronary revascularization in consecutive patients from a large registry.

METHODS
Between 2008 and 2018, a retrospective cohort study with a median follow-up of 6.0 years (interquartile range: 5.0-8.0) included all consecutive patients referred for stress CMR. Stress CMR-related coronary revascularization was defined by any coronary revascularization performed within 90 days after CMR. The primary outcome was all-cause death based on the electronic National Death Registry.

RESULTS
Among the 31,752 consecutive patients (mean age 63.7 ± 12.1 years and 65.7% males), 2,679 (8.4%) died at 206,453 patient-years of follow-up. Inducible ischemia and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) by CMR were associated with death (both p &lt; 0.001). In multivariable Cox regression, inducible ischemia and LGE were independent predictors of death (HR = 1.61; 99.5%CI 1.41-1.84; HR = 1.62; 99.5%CI 1.41-1.86, respectively; p &lt; 0.001). CMR-related coronary revascularization was an independent predictor of greater survival (HR: 0.66; 99.5%CI: 0.52-0.84; p &lt; 0.001). CMR-related revascularization was associated with a lower incidence of death in patients with severe inducible ischemia (p &lt; 0.001), but showed no benefit in patients with mild or moderate ischemia (p = 0.109).

CONCLUSIONS
In this large observational series of consecutive patients, stress perfusion CMR had important incremental long-term prognostic value to predict death over traditional risk factors. CMR-related revascularization was associated with a lower incidence of death in patients with severe ischemia.
Long-term prognostic value of stress CMR in patients with history of percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Pezel T , Hovasse T , Kinnel M , Sanguineti F , Champagne S , Toupin S , Unterseeh T , Garot P , Garot J 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

BACKGROUND
Recurrence of cardiovascular (CV) events remains a substantial cause of mortality and morbidity among patients with previous coronary revascularization.

PURPOSE
The aim was to assess the prognostic value of stress cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) parameters and CMR-based revascularization in patients with history of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

METHODS
Between 2011 and 2014, consecutive patients with history of PCI referred for stress perfusion CMR were followed for the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined by cardiovascular death or nonfatal myocardial infarction. Patients with prior coronary artery bypass graft were excluded. CMR-related coronary revascularization was defined as any revascularization occurring within 90 days after CMR. Univariable and multivariable Cox regressions were performed to determine the prognostic value of each parameter.

RESULTS
Of 1,762 patients who completed the CMR protocol, 1,624 patients (81.7% male, mean age 67.9 ± 10.4 years) completed the follow-up (median [interquartile range], 6.7 [5.6–7.3] years); 251 experienced a MACE (15.5%). Stress CMR was well tolerated. Using Kaplan-Meier analysis, inducible ischemia and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) were significantly associated with the occurrence of MACE (hazard ratio, HR: 2.70 [95%CI, 2.11–3.46], p &lt; 0.001; and HR: 1.52 [95%CI, 1.16–1.99], p = 0.002; respectively). In multivariable Cox regression, inducible ischemia and LGE were independent predictors of a higher incidence of MACE (HR: 2.83 [95%CI, 2.20–3.64]; p &lt; 0.001; and HR: 1.42 [95%CI, 1.06–1.91]; p = 0.012; respectively). CMR-related coronary revascularization was associated with a lower incidence of MACE, even after adjustment.

CONCLUSIONS
Stress CMR and CMR-related revascularization were independently associated with MACE in patients with history of PCI.
Prognostic value of pre-hospitalization stress perfusion CMR to predict death in patients hospitalized for COVID-19
Authors: Pezel T , Garot P , Hovasse T , Unterseeh T , Champagne S , Toupin S , Sanguineti F , Lima J , Garot J 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

BACKGROUND
Inducible ischemia is a strong marker of vascular vulnerability that may be a key pathogenetic determinant of COVID-19 severity.

PURPOSE
This study investigated the prognostic value of prior inducible ischemia on stress perfusion CMR to predict death in patients hospitalized for COVID-19.

METHODS
In an observational study, we retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients referred for stress perfusion CMR within last two years prior to hospitalization for COVID-19. The primary outcome was all-cause death, including in-hospital and post-hospitalisation deaths, based on the electronic national death registry.

RESULTS
Among the patients referred for stress perfusion CMR, 481 were hospitalized for COVID-19 (mean age =68.4 ± 9.6 years, 61.3% males) and completed the follow-up (median 73[36-101] days). There were 93 (19.3%) all-cause deaths, of which 13.7% were in-hospital and 5.6% post-hospitalisation deaths.
Using Kaplan-Meier analysis, age, male gender, hypertension, diabetes, known CAD, the presence of prior inducible ischemia, the number of ischemic segments, the presence of LGE, and LVEF were significantly associated with all-cause death. In multivariable stepwise Cox regression analysis, age (HR: 1.04; 95%CI:1.01-1.07, p = 0.023), hypertension (HR: 2.77; 95%CI:1.71-4.51, p &lt; 0.001), diabetes (HR: 1.72; 95%CI:1.08-2.74, p = 0.022), known CAD (HR: 1.78; 95%CI:1.07-2.94, p = 0.025) and the presence of prior inducible ischaemia (HR: 2.05; 95%CI:1.27-3.33, p = 0.004) were independent predictors of all-cause death.

CONCLUSIONS
In COVID-19 patients, prior inducible myocardial ischemia by stress CMR over the last two years preceding the COVID-19 pandemic was independently associated with all-cause in-hospital and post-hospitalisation deaths, suggesting involvement of vasculature and endothelial dysfunction in the severity of COVID-19.