bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF SOCIAL SUPPORT ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ELDER MISTREATMENT AND HEALTH IN OLDER CHINESE IMMIGRANTS
Authors: Kwon Soonhyung , Da Wendi , Tang Fengyan , Jiang Yanping 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Elder mistreatment experiences cause severe health consequences such as lower self-rated health. Despite such documented adverse effects, it is less known the potential factors that can mitigate the adverse effects of elder mistreatment on health to facilitate intervention development further. Thus, our study aims to examine the moderating role of social support from friends on the relationship between elder mistreatment and self-rated health among older Chinese immigrants. This study used five waves of PINE study involving 2,835 older Chinese immigrants aged 60 years and older. We used latent growth curve modeling (LGCM) to investigate the trajectory of self-rated health. Elder mistreatment (psychological, physical, and sexual abuse, financial exploitation, and caregiver neglect), social support from friends, and self-rated health were assessed across five waves. Our study showed social support from friends significantly moderated the adverse effects of elder mistreatment on the trajectory of self-rated health. Specifically, the detrimental effect of elder mistreatment on a faster decline in self-rated health over time was smaller at higher levels of social support from friends, showing the buffering effects of strong social support from friends on the relationship between elder mistreatment and self-reported health. Our findings suggest that transitioning friend social support from low to medium might be promising to reduce the negative effect of elder mistreatment on self-reported health among older Chinese immigrants.
NOVEL APPROACHES AND DATA SOURCES TO INVESTIGATE LIFESPAN ASSOCIATIONS FROM EARLY EXPOSURES TO LATER LIFE HEALTH
Authors: Lee Lewina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Despite substantial evidence linking early adversity to elevated risks of later-life morbidity and mortality, recent findings on the often-poor agreement between retrospective and prospective measures of childhood maltreatment (Κs=.09-.83; Baldwin et al., 2019) have challenged these well-established associations, which were predominantly derived from retrospectively-assessed early exposures in longitudinal cohorts. As most longitudinal aging studies enrolled participants in their adulthood, prospective early-life data combined with long-term tracking of health outcomes are scarce, but necessary for rigorous causal inference regarding the nature and mechanisms by which early exposures shape life span health. This symposium showcases recent methodological developments and new data resources capable of addressing these scientific barriers and amplifying the scientific value of longitudinal aging studies. Ms. Dorame will illustrate a novel approach to acquiring prospective data on childhood familial and environmental exposures by linking three longitudinal cohorts to recently digitalized, 1900-1940 US Censuses in the Boston Early Adversity and Mortality Study (BEAMS). Dr. Marino will report on the prospective associations of childhood and midlife socioeconomic status and all-cause mortality risk using BEAMS Census-linked data. Dr. Casey will describe efforts to assess early-life environmental exposures and evaluate their associations with later-life brain health in the Health and Retirement Study. Dr. Arpawong will consider the extent to which cognitive abilities were retained from adolescence to old age in Project Talent, and the roles of education and gender therein. Finally, Dr. Warren will describe three new, large-scale data resources suitable for interdisciplinary research on the later-life sequelae of early-life exposures. Measurement, Statistics, and Research Design Interest Group Sponsored Symposium
ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES AND AGING OUTCOMES IN THE HRS USING CENSUS DATA
Authors: Casey Joan , Shearston Jenni , Mobley Taylor , Rojas-Saunero L Paloma , Zhou Juliet , Mayeda Elizabeth Rose 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Incidence of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) is 40–100% higher among Black compared with White Americans. Differential exposure to air pollution might partially explain this difference. We aim to determine if early-life exposure to poor air quality is related to late-life brain health among non-Hispanic Black and White Health and Retirement Study (HRS) participants. Using 1940 Census-linked enumeration district of residence, we estimate childhood exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), traffic-related air pollution, and fossil fuel energy sources. We construct these exposures using archived climate model outputs from CMIP6 (PM2.5), gasoline sales, street networks, and oil and gas well and power plant locations paired with dispersion modeling techniques. Using multi-level survival analyses, we estimate the association between HRS participant childhood environmental exposures and late-life dementia. We also determine the contribution to Black-White disparities in dementia attributable to differences in early-life exposure. Preliminary analyses indicate that Black vs. White HRS participants had lower power plant emissions exposures but higher PM2.5 and traffic-related air pollution exposures in 1940. Regression analyses will evaluate whether 1940 environmental pollutant exposure is associated with dementia or dementia disparities by race. Identifying modifiable risk factors for ADRD could help protect cognitive health of the aging US population.
THREE INNOVATIVE DATA RESOURCES: EDSHARE, THE MULTIGENERATIONAL LONGITUDINAL PANEL, AND THE 1940 CENSUS
Authors: Warren John 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Scientists interested in studying the long-term health consequences of early life social, economic, policy, environmental, or other exposures have historically suffered from a lack of suitable data. Large, nationally representative studies of early life (e.g., Add Health) rarely extend late enough into older ages. At the same time, large, nationally representative studies of later life (e.g., HRS, NSHAP) rarely contain prospectively gathered, high resolution information about early life exposures. This talk will describe three new and extraordinary new data resources that overcome these problems. FIRST, the Education Studies for Health Aging Research (EdSHARe) project has re-purposed two large national studies of adolescence and education started in the 1970s and 1980 to be studies of health and aging; the talk will focus on these cohort studies utility for understanding the social and biological pathways through which early life factors --- especially education --- impact later life health and cognition. SECOND, the Multigenerational Longitudinal Panel (MLP) includes linked complete-count U.S. census records for every American from 1850 through 2020 plus other mortality, vital records, and other kinds of data. THIRD, as an offshoot of MLP, we have linked records about older people from the HRS, NSHAP, PSID, WLS, and NHATS to the 1940 Census in which aging survey participants are seen in childhood along with their parents and other family members. All three data resources are or soon will be available to the research community; all stand to transform aging research.
NOVEL APPROACHES FOR CROSS-NATIONAL COGNITIVE AGING RESEARCH
Authors: Gross Alden , Kobayashi Lindsay , Langa Kenneth 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Cross-national comparisons of cognitive outcomes are increasingly feasible given availability of newer data resources. Given a broad, global study population, cross-national research may uncover mechanistic insights that would not be clear from one country or a socioeconomically homogeneous set of countries. Despite its promise, cross-national data present with numerous methodological and interpretational challenges, which will be highlighted in this symposium. In this symposium, Kobayashi and Gross (co-chairs) will lead with best practices for cross-national research, highlighting findings from the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocols (HCAPs), a major NIA-funded platform for valid cross-national comparisons of ADRD. Cai will present a novel platform for deriving classification algorithms for dementia, based on neuropsychological criteria standardized to a robust normative group. Leveraging HCAP studies from the US, England, and India, they applied variations of classification algorithms. Next, Wu and colleagues, using longitudinal data from China’s HCAP (N=6,830), present a challenge–form differences introduced by changing test stimuli across waves–and a solution–weighted equipercentile equating–for when parallel but non-equivalent memory tests are administered longitudinally in surveys. Third, out of recognition that culturally diverse and low-resource settings can affect reliability and validity of cognitive tests, Mani and colleagues present psychometric properties of a brief pilot HCAP in Kenya (N=203). Finally, Zhang will present simulation results and demonstration of an R/Shiny-App regarding effects of differential pre-baseline selection on inferences for cross-national studies. Pre-baseline selection refers to selective survival in a target population occurring before a study’s baseline, and can vary dramatically between high-income and low-income countries.
PREBASELINE SELECTION BIAS IN THE ESTIMATED EFFECT OF T2D ON COGNITIVE DECLINE: CROSS-NATIONAL SIMULATIONS
Authors: Zhang Pengyuan (Kelvin) , Mani Sneha , Kobayashi Lindsay , Gross Alden , Weuve Jennifer , Andrews Ryan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Selection bias is a common threat to the validity of effect estimates, including those of various exposures on late-life cognitive outcomes. Although selection bias can arise for many reasons, a challenging subtype is driven by differential mortality in a study’s source population prior to baseline. In other words, individuals who survive long enough to be eligible for studies of late-life cognition are systematically different from those who do not. Because data are not collected on individuals who do not survive to study enrollment, analytic methods to address selection bias cannot be applied. Furthermore, this “pre-baseline survival” bias makes cross-national comparisons difficult, as different countries have differing mortality rates and determinants of mortality. Using the example of cross-national comparisons of the effect of type-2 diabetes on cognitive decline, we demonstrate how simulations can help quantify pre-baseline survival bias. We simulated large (N=300,000) country-specific cohorts of adults in the US, India, and China under seven causal scenarios governing the relationships between type-2 diabetes, pre-baseline survival, and cognitive decline. After assigning each simulated participant a vital status (dead/alive by a certain age), we recruited 2,000 country-specific study samples of 2,000 “survivors” and estimated the association between type-2 diabetes and cognitive decline within these cohorts. We found that even under relatively mild differences in pre-baseline survival, the cross-national effect of diabetes on cognitive decline could be underestimated by up to 34%. To assist others with conducting similar simulation studies, we developed a user-friendly platform based on the R-Shiny package.
NEIGHBORHOOD SOCIOECONOMIC DISADVANTAGE AND RECOVERY AFTER HIP FRACTURE: EVIDENCE FROM REAL-WORLD MEDICARE DATA
Authors: Falvey Jason , Mathis Lindsey , Sun Na , Kumar Amit 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Neighborhood environments—or the exposome—are a powerful influence on function recovery among older adults. This study examines the influence of neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage on the recovery trajectory of older adults following a fall-related hip fracture. Utilizing Medicare fee-for-service claims data, we identified 52,012 older adults with hip fractures via ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes, and identified fall-related mechanisms using validated E codes in claims. These individuals were linked to the Area Deprivation Index (ADI) using 9-digit ZIP codes, categorizing them into the top 10%, bottom 10%, and middle 80%. Days at home, a validated claims-based measure, was calculated for each participant over 6 months. We employed weighted generalized estimating equations with a Poisson distribution to account for the time-varying probability of death in each post-fracture month, and adjusting for age, sex, medical complexity, time (quadratic), and pre-fracture days at home to estimate rate ratios and predicted mean counts of days at home by ADI group. The cohort’s mean age was 82.1 years (SD = 8.1), with 74% female sex. In adjusted models, individuals in the lowest socioeconomic neighborhoods spent more than 7% fewer days at home (RR=0.93, 95% CI 0.91, 0.94) compared to their counterparts in the wealthiest 10%, translating to nearly 8 more days alive and in facilities—exceeding clinically important differences reported in prior work. The study highlights the need for tailored rehabilitation strategies and community support systems that address the unique barriers encountered by this vulnerable population, promoting equitable recovery outcomes across different socioeconomic contexts.
ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES AND LATER LIFE COGNITION: THE MISSING COMPONENT OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Missell-Gray Rachel , Eustice-Corwin Alexander , Sörensen Silvia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Recent empirical studies on the relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and later life cognition have found an inconsistent association between these two variables. Some studies have determined that a higher number of ACEs are associated with decreased cognitive performance later in life (ages 50 and up), while others have determined that there is no relation. Despite these ambiguous findings, both theory and empirical research provide us with reasons to believe that a relationship between ACEs and later life moral cognition is likely. In the current paper, we argue that self-reported ACEs likely impact older adult moral identity and develop a theoretical framework to guide directions for future research. First, we will summarize the findings of the empirical literature on ACEs and later life cognition. Second, we will address the limitations of these findings. Third, we will advocate in favor of a neo-Aristotelian framework for the study of moral development, which foregrounds the role of practical wisdom (phronēsis) as an alternate conception of a person’s character over the course of the human lifespan. We also argue that such hardships in early life may lead to increased wisdom, which does not necessarily correlate with the measures of cognitive functioning often applied in late-life cognition studies. We hypothesize that the presence of ACEs may influence the development of practical wisdom. We argue that if ACEs predict decreased cognitive function later in life, then this provides us with the grounds for thinking that ACEs might influence moral development in older adults.
MARITAL DISSOLUTION AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN MID- AND LATE ADULTHOOD: FOCUS ON WITHIN-PERSON EFFECTS AND AND TIMING
Authors: Tucker Julia , Farina Mateo , Han Sae Hwang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
There is a growing literature documenting cognitive health disparities between married individuals and their widowed and divorced counterparts in middle and later adulthood. However, how cognitive function changes within individuals as they experience widowhood and divorce transitions, and whether these changes vary depending on the timing of the marital dissolution, remain understudied. Framed within the life course perspective, this study aimed to examine within–person changes in cognitive function associated with widowhood and divorce transitions in mid– and later life, respectively. We used 11 waves of longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study (1998–2018; 121,505 person–wave observations collected from 20,114 persons). Cognitive function was evaluated using a modified version of the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (range: 0–27). Multilevel models using person–mean centering were employed to estimate within–person associations between the two forms of marital transitions and subsequent cognitive function. Results indicated that widowhood transitions were associated with within-person changes in cognitive function for women, but in the opposite direction depending on the timing of the transition: midlife widowhood transitions (between ages 51 and 64) were linked to worse cognitive function, whereas late-life widowhood transitions (age 65+) were associated with better cognitive function. Widowhood transitions were unrelated to cognitive function for men, and divorce transitions were unrelated to changes in cognitive function for men or women. These results underscore the heterogeneity in the association between marital transitions and cognitive function, which vary by gender, life course stage, and the nature of marital dissolution.
A VALUES-DRIVEN APPROACH TO BRIDGING THE DIGITAL DIVIDE: A PILOT INTERVENTION FOR OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Hladek Melissa , Rubio Olivia , McDaniel Kennedy , Evelyn-Gustave Allyson , Crews Deidra , DeMarco Mara McAdams , Brennan Daniel , Szanton Sarah 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Digital literacy, the ability to effectively use technology for information retrieval, evaluation, and communication, is critical in today’s world. Despite advancements, older adults lag behind younger generations with approximately one in four adults over 65 not using the internet and over 35% lacking broadband connectivity. This gap is exacerbated among older adults of color due to disparities in access, connectivity, affordability, and cultural factors. Recognizing older adults’ diverse values and learning styles, we propose a novel intervention tailored to individual values and goals. This one-arm feasibility and acceptability pilot trial enrolls 20 multi-racial older adults with varying levels of digital literacy, delivering a person-directed, values-based intervention in their homes over 4-6 visits. Our intervention targets community-identified barriers such as health literacy, health communication, and social support, aiming to enhance digital literacy with additional outcomes including quality of life and frailty. We view internet access and training not only as means to improve digital literacy but also as vital tools in addressing health disparities. By leveraging individual values and theoretically driven strategies, this intervention tests a potential avenue to narrow the digital divide among older adults, fostering inclusion, empowerment, and improved health outcomes.
THE RELEVANCE OF GENERAL FLUID ABILITIES IN TECHNOLOGY PROFICIENCY IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Zhang Shenghao , Boot Walter 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Previous research showed that general fluid abilities are correlated with technology use, acceptance, and proficiency in older adults. Cognitive decline was constantly proposed as an explanation for digital divide and age-related declines in technology use. However, this explanation has not been examined directly. We tested the relevance of general fluid abilities on technology proficiency in two large samples of normally aging older adults cross-sectionally and longitudinally with structural equation modeling. Results from a cross-sectional sample of older adults with various previous technology experience showed that older adults with higher general fluid abilities (measured by a latent factor consisted of letter set and immediate and delayed recall) also had higher technology proficiency (measured by a latent factor consisted of computer proficiency and mobile device proficiency). However, general fluid abilities were not predictive of technology proficiency after controlling for age, and general fluid abilities did not mediate the relationship between age and technology proficiency. Results from a longitudinal sample in which older adults with little to no previous experience with computers were trained to use and used a computer for 12 months showed that general fluid abilities (measured by a latent factor consisted of measures on processing speed, executive function, working memory, and episodic memory) was not predictive of the baseline or the slope of change of computer proficiency. However, those who are older increased less in proficiency controlling for fluid abilities. Discussion will focus on alternative explanations on age-related digital divide.
ADVANCING GEOGRAPHIES OF AGING AND THE LIFE COURSE
Authors: Finlay Jessica , Desjardins Michael 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Aging and related health outcomes are not solely individual-level processes. Rather, built, social, and natural environments play a pivotal role in shaping health across the life course, especially among older adults. People also shape and modify surrounding environments throughout their lives in meaningful ways to maximize their well-being. While multiple longitudinal health datasets are available, many are analyzed without linking to spatially-explicit data. Overlooking the nexus between health and place, and not directly accounting for spatial and spatiotemporal processes that underlie the data, may hinder scientific discovery and advancement in understanding multi-scalar longitudinal processes that impact health and well-being. Geographies of aging and the life course critically integrate built, social, and natural environments into meaningful analyses and insights that can inform research, policy, and programs to promote healthy aging. This symposium features talks using innovative qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods studies to investigate multifaceted and overlapping contextual influences on health. The presenters critically consider mobility across the life course, multi-scalar social determinants of health, environmental impacts of structural racism and classism, and potential interactions among individuals and neighborhoods that influence vulnerability to health exposures. We aim to build capacity around spatial methods and place-based considerations in gerontology. The approaches featured in this symposium highlight accessible ways for scholars across a variety of disciplines to advance understanding of healthy aging through the integration of geospatial approaches.
EXPLAINING DIFFERENCE: LATINX AND STRUCTURAL VULNERABILITY IN ADRD
Authors: Arteaga Ignacia , de Jesús Alma Hernández , Ginn Brandi , Abramson Corey , Dohan Daniel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Latinos/as/x (hereafter Latinx) residing in the U.S. are one and a half times more likely than non-Latinx white residents to develop cognitive impairment during their lives. Despite significant heterogeneity in nativity, language, socio-economic status, geographic region of residence, culture, and other factors, US-resident Latinx face shared structural barriers to health that may help explain inequities in incidence, time of diagnosis, and health outcomes of Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD). This work uses comparative ethnography to unpack the everyday experiences of Latinx families, including people living with dementia (PLWD) and ADRD. We focus on how PLWD and their caregivers negotiate family dynamics informed by structural vulnerabilities. We draw on 84 in-depth interviews with older adults and their family caregivers alongside three years of participant observation across community centers in California and Maine. We document how ‘familism,’ a cultural orientation understood as the strong reliance on close kin relations to look after the ill, is brought into tension when ADRD, structural vulnerability, and multi-morbidities among family members are at stake. When facing limited access to healthcare and social support, family caregiving and its monetary compensation can become a source of within-family tension and even dispute. This may be especially true for Latinx families for whom caregiving income constitutes an important part of their everyday income-generating strategies. These findings offer an opportunity to reflect on current policy efforts to support structurally marginalized families living with ADRD in the US.