bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Humoral and cellular immune responses to recombinant herpes zoster vaccine in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and monoclonal B cell lymphocytosis
Authors: Muchtar Eli , Koehler Amber B. , Johnson Michael J. , Rabe Kari G. , Ding Wei , Call Timothy G. , Leis Jose F. , Kenderian Saad S. , Hayman Suzanne R. , Wang Yucai , Hampel Paul J. , Holets Matthew A. , Darby Heather C. , Slager Susan L. , Kay Neil E. , Miao Congrong , Canniff Jennifer , Whitaker Jennifer A. , Levin Myron J. , Schmid D. Scott , Kennedy Richard B. , Weinberg Adriana , Parikh Sameer A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMonoclonal B‐cell lymphocytosis (MBL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are clonal B‐cell disorders associated with an increased risk of infections and impaired vaccination responses. We investigated the immunogenicity of recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) in these patients. Individuals with MBL/untreated CLL and Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi)‐treated CLL patients were given two doses of RZV separated by 2 months. Responses assessed at 3 and 12 months from the first dose of RZV by an anti‐glycoprotein E ELISA antibody assay and by dual‐color Interferon‐γ and Interleukin‐2FLUOROSPOT assays were compared to historic controls matched by age and sex. About 62 patients (37 MBL/untreated CLL and 25 BTKi‐treated CLL) were enrolled with a median age of 68 years at vaccination. An antibody response at 3 months was seen in 45% of participants, which was significantly lower compared to historic controls (63%, p = .03). The antibody response did not significantly differ between MBL/untreated CLL and BTKi‐treated CLL (51% vs. 36%, respectively, p = .23). The CD4+ T‐cell response to vaccination was significantly lower in study participants compared to controls (54% vs. 96%, p < .001), mainly due to lower responses among BTKi‐treated patients compared to untreated MBL/CLL (32% vs. 73%, p = .008). Overall, only 29% of participants achieved combined antibody and cellular responses to RZV. Among participants with response assessment at 12 months (n = 47), 24% had antibody titers below the response threshold. Hypogammaglobulinemia and BTKi therapy were associated with reduced T‐cell responses in a univariate analysis. Strategies to improve vaccine response to RZV among MBL/CLL patients are needed.
Sex differences in the distribution of entheseal changes: Meta‐analysis of published evidence and its use in Bayesian paleopathological modeling
Authors: Alonso‐Llamazares Carmen , Lopez Belen , F. Pardiñas Antonio 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivesWe studied the sex differences in the distribution of entheseal changes (EC) in an archeological population through a Bayesian approach that allows incorporating existing knowledge while controlling for confounder factors that may affect EC development.Materials and methodsWe performed a meta‐analysis of published research on sex differences in EC frequencies from archeological populations. Also, EC were assessed for fibrocartilaginous entheses following the “New Coimbra Method” in a Spanish population that dates from the 15th to the 18th century. Data were analyzed with multivariate generalized linear mixed models (MGLMM).ResultsMeta‐analysis showed a consistent but small effect of males usually manifesting higher EC frequencies. Similarly, our MGLMM analysis showed that bone formation and erosion is unequally distributed in the archeological population we studied, with bone formation more present in male lower limbs and erosion more frequent in male upper limbs.DiscussionBayesian inference makes it possible to assess more complex models than traditional frequentist methods, and can be informed by meta‐analysis to reflect the current state of knowledge on any given topic. MGLMM are an appropriate technique for the study of EC as they can accommodate several response variables in a single model, controlling for well‐known confounders of EC formation to infer sex differences that could be attributed to daily behavior.
Primate body mass and dietary correlates of tooth root surface area
Authors: Deutsch Ashley R. , Dickinson Edwin , Whichard Victoria A. , Lagomarsino Giulia R. , Perry Jonathan M. G. , Kupczik Kornelius , Hartstone‐Rose Adam 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivesThis study aims to examine primate postcanine tooth root surface area (TRSA) in the context of two ecological variables (diet and bite force). We also assess scaling relationships within distinct taxonomic groups and across the order as a whole.Materials and MethodsMandibular postcanine TRSA was measured using a three‐dimensional computed tomography (CT) method for catarrhine (N = 27), platyrrhine (N = 21), and strepsirrhine (N = 24) taxa; this represents the first sample of strepsirrhines. Two different body size proxies were used: cranial geometric mean (GM) using nine linear measurements, and literature‐derived body mass (BM).ResultsTRSA correlated strongly with body size, scaling with positive allometry or isometry across the order as a whole; however, scaling differed significantly between taxa for some teeth. Among Strepsirrhini, molar TRSA relative to GM differed significantly between folivores and pliant‐object feeders. Additionally, P4 TRSA relative to BM differentiated folivores from both hard‐ and pliant‐object feeders. Among Cercopithecoidea, P4 TRSA adjusted by GM differed between hard‐ and pliant‐object feeders.DiscussionDietary signals in TRSA appear primarily driven by high frequency loading experienced by folivores. Stronger and more frequent dietary signals were observed within Strepsirrhini relative to Haplorhini. This may reflect the constraints of orthognathism within the latter, constraining the adaptability of their postcanine teeth. Finally, because of the strong correlation between TRSA and BM for each tooth locus (mean r2 = 0.82), TRSA can be used to predict BM in fossil primates using provided equations.
Gestapelt, nicht geklebt: Enthüllung der π→π*‐Wechselwirkung mithilfe des Benzofuran‐Formaldehyd‐Komplexes
Authors: Li Xiaolong , Spada Lorenzo , Alessandrini Silvia , Zheng Yang , Lengsfeld Kevin Gregor , Grabow Jens‐Uwe , Feng Gang , Puzzarini Cristina , Barone Vincenzo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDer 1:1‐Benzofuran‐Formaldehyd‐Komplex wurde als Modellsystem für π→π*‐Wechselwirkungen in supramolekularen Umgebungen mit heteroaromatischen Ringen und Carbonylgruppen gewählt. Die Strategie einer gemeinsamen “Rotationsspektroskopie‐Quantenchemie”‐Analyse enthüllt die Rolle dominanter intermolekularer π→π*‐Wechselwirkungen in solchen Addukten. Die Untersuchung der intermolekularen Potentialfläche identifiziert 14 tiefliegende Minima, wobei 4 gestapelte Isomere stabiler sind als die durch Wasserstoffbrücken oder “freies Elektronenpaar”→π‐Wechselwirkungen verbundene. Alle lokalen Minima sind nur lose durch Übergangszustände getrennt, was unter den experimentellen Bedingungen eine effektive Relaxation zum globalen Minimum erwarten lässt. Der Nachweis nur einer Spezies, die dank Berechnung genauer spektroskopischer Parameter und Charakterisierung von 11 Isotopologen eindeutig zugeordnet werden konnte, bestätigt dies. Die große Isotopologenanzahl ermöglichte die Bestimmung der ersten semi‐experimentellen Gleichgewichtsstruktur für einen Molekülkomplex dieser Größenordnung.
Polydopamine decorated carbon dots nanocomposite as an effective adsorbent for phenolic compounds
Authors: Maruthapandi Moorthy , Saravanan Arumugam , Luong John H. T. , Gedanken Aharon 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCarbon dots (CDs) with an average diameter of 2.3 ± 0.5 nm were prepared from red cabbage by a facile one‐step hydrothermal process. The CDs and polydopamine (PDA) were then subjected to ultrasonication to form a polymer composite namely, PDA‐doped CDs (PDA@CDs). The PDA@CDs with an average size of 5 μm was proven as effective adsorbents forp‐chlorophenol (p‐CP) andp‐cyanophenol (p‐CNP) as two probing models. The adsorption capacity of PDA@CDs was estimated to be 153 mg/g forp‐CP and 178 mg/g forp‐CNP, compared favorably with those of various adsorbents used in the literature, only 24–123 mg/g. The PDA@CDs significantly improved the adsorption rate of the two phenols at neutral pH and room temperature. The adsorption kinetics was governed by the pseudo second‐order and intraparticle diffusion models. The PDA@CDs were reused as an active adsorbent material for the adsorption of phenolic compounds with high adsorption capacities in wastewater.
Polymerization strategies to produce new polymer biocatalysts for the biodiesel industry
Authors: C. C. Pinto Martina , Sousa Isabelly , Dutra Luciana , S. Everton Stefanni , Greco‐Duarte Jaqueline , Pereira Cipolatti Eliane , G. Aguieiras Erika Cristina , A. Manoel Evelin , G. Freire Denise Maria , Pinto José Carlos 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOne of the major challenges regarding the enzymatic production of biodiesel is the development of more robust, active, and stable immobilized biocatalysts. Thus, the present work aims to develop new enzymatic biocatalysts for use in esterification and transesterification reactions. New polymer supports based on poly(styrene‐co‐divinylbenzene) and poly(methyl methacrylate‐co‐divinylbenzene) platforms were synthesized, incorporating distinct functional compounds into the polymer chains (1‐octene, cardanol, and vinyl benzoate). Two distinct polymerization strategies were adopted for support syntheses: (i) Combined suspension and emulsion polymerization process (core‐shell particles); and (ii) Two‐step polymerization reaction comprising a suspension polymerization in presence of porogenic agents, followed by vacuum application (porous and nonporous particles). The obtained particles were employed for immobilization of lipase B from Candida antarctica. The addition of functional compounds resulted in particles with distinct textural properties. Moreover, particles with 91 m2.g−1 (P(MMA‐co‐DVB)/P(MMA‐co‐DVB)) were produced through combined suspension and emulsion polymerization, whilst particles with 154 m2.g−1 (P[MMA‐co‐DVB‐co‐VB]) were produced through suspension polymerization performed in presence of n‐heptane. Moreover, highly active biocatalysts were produced, leading to esterification conversions above 80%. Thus, based on the performance in esterification and transesterification reactions, the new functional matrices resulted in highly active biocatalysts with good potential for use in biodiesel industry.
Genre containers: Building a theoretical framework for studying formats in information behavior
Authors: Brannon Brittany , Buhler Amy G. , Cataldo Tara Tobin , Faniel Ixchel M. , Connaway Lynn Silipigni , Valenza Joyce Kasman , Cyr Christopher 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPrior studies have shown high‐level differences in people's perception and use of various information formats. However, the lack of a coherent and theoretically informed framework of elements of format has inhibited a nuanced understanding of the role that formats play in information behavior. This paper draws on theories from the field of rhetoric and composition to ground the study of information format in a social constructivist perspective that foregrounds action in context. Specifically, rhetorical genre theory is discussed in detail and the limitations of previous information behavior studies using rhetorical genre theory are explored. One of the main problems of earlier studies is confusing genres and their containers. This paper introduces and defines the concept of containers as typified ways of collecting and presenting texts of certain genres for publication. Building on rhetorical genre theory, the paper offers a theoretical exploration of the role that containers play in the formal and/or public sharing of information within discourse communities. An illustrative example of the concepts applied to data from an Institute of Museum and Library Services funded study is provided.
A Flexible Energy Harvester from an Organic Ferroelectric Ammonium Salt
Authors: Gupta Rishabh , Sahoo Supriya , Deswal Swati , Kothavade Premkumar , Dixit Prashant , Zaręba Jan K. , Shanmuganathan Kadhiravan , Boomishankar Ramamoorthy 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOrganic ferroelectrics due to their low cost, easy preparation, light weight, high flexibility and phase stability are gaining tremendous attention in the field of portable electronics. In this work, we report the synthesis, structure and ferroelectric behavior of a two‐component ammonium salt 2, containing a bulky [Bn(4‐BrBn)NMe2]+ (Bn=benzyl and 4‐BrBn=4‐bromobenzyl) cation and tetrahedral (BF4)− anion. The structural analysis revealed the presence of rich non‐classical C−H⋅⋅⋅F and C−H⋅⋅⋅Br interactions in this molecule that were quantified by Hirshfeld surface analysis. The polarization (P) vs. electric field (E) hysteresis loop measurements on 2 gave a remnant polarization (Pr) of 14.4 μC cm−2 at room temperature. Flexible polymer composites with various (5, 10, 15 and 20) weight percentages (wt%) of 2 in thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) were prepared and tested for mechanical energy harvesting applications. A notable peak‐to‐peak output voltage of 20 V, maximum current density of 1.1 μA cm−2 and power density of 21.1 μW cm−2 were recorded for the 15 wt% 2‐TPU composite device. Furthermore, the voltage output generated from this device was utilized to rapidly charge a 100 μF capacitor, with stored energies and measured charges of 156 μJ and 121.6 μC, respectively.
Theoretical equilibrium lead(II) solubility revisited: Open source code and practical relationships
Authors: Wahman David G. , Pinelli Matthew D. , Schock Michael R. , Lytle Darren A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA theoretical equilibrium lead(II) (Pb(II)) solubility model coded in Fortran (LEADSOL) was updated and implemented in open source R code, verified against LEADSOL output, and used to simulate theoretical equilibrium total soluble Pb(II) (TOTSOLPb) concentrations under a variety of practical scenarios. The developed R code file (app.R) is publicly available for download at GitHub (https://github.com/USEPA/TELSS) along with instructions to run the R code locally, allowing the user to explore Pb(II) solubility by selecting desired simulation conditions (e.g., water quality, equilibrium constants, and Pb(II) solids to consider). In addition, the R code serves as a reproducible baseline for alternative model development and future model improvements, allowing users to update, modify, and share the R code to meet their needs. Using the R code, several solubility diagrams were generated to highlight practical relationships related to TOTSOLPb concentrations, including the impact of pH and dissolved inorganic carbon, orthophosphate, sulfate, and chloride concentrations.
Esterases as emerging biocatalysts: Mechanistic insights, genomic and metagenomic, immobilization, and biotechnological applications
Authors: Rafeeq Hamza , Hussain Asim , Shabbir Sumaira , Ali Sabir , Bilal Muhammad , Sher Farooq , Iqbal Hafiz M. N. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEsterase enzymes are a family of hydrolases that catalyze the breakdown and formation of ester bonds. Esterases have gained a prominent position in today's world's industrial enzymes market. Due to their unique biocatalytic attributes, esterases contribute to environmentally sustainable design approaches, including biomass degradation, food and feed industry, dairy, clothing, agrochemical (herbicides, insecticides), bioremediation, biosensor development, anticancer, antitumor, gene therapy, and diagnostic purposes. Esterases can be isolated by a diverse range of mammalian tissues, animals, and microorganisms. The isolation of extremophilic esterases increases the interest of researchers in the extraction and utilization of these enzymes at the industrial level. Genomic, metagenomic, and immobilization techniques have opened innovative ways to extract esterases and utilize them for a longer time to take advantage of their beneficial activities. The current study discusses the types of esterases, metagenomic studies for exploring new esterases, and their biomedical applications in different industrial sectors.
DNA crosslinking and recombination‐activating genes 1/2 (RAG1/2) are required for oncogenic splicing in acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Zhang Hao , Cheng Nuo , Li Zhihui , Bai Ling , Fang Chengli , Li Yuwen , Zhang Weina , Dong Xue , Jiang Minghao , Liang Yang , Zhang Sujiang , Mi Jianqing , Zhu Jiang , Zhang Yu , Chen Sai‐Juan , Zhao Yajie , Weng Xiang‐Qin , Hu Weiguo , Chen Zhu , Huang Jinyan , Meng Guoyu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundAbnormal alternative splicing is frequently associated with carcinogenesis. In B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B‐ALL), double homeobox 4 fused with immunoglobulin heavy chain (DUX4/IGH) can lead to the aberrant production of E‐26 transformation‐specific family related gene abnormal transcript (ERGalt) and other splicing variants. However, the molecular mechanism underpinning this process remains elusive. Here, we aimed to know how DUX4/IGH triggers abnormal splicing in leukemia.MethodsThe differential intron retention analysis was conducted to identify novel DUX4/IGH‐driven splicing in B‐ALL patients. X‐ray crystallography, small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS), and analytical ultracentrifugation were used to investigate how DUX4/IGH recognize double DUX4 responsive element (DRE)‐DRE sites. The ERGalt biogenesis and B‐cell differentiation assays were performed to characterize the DUX4/IGH crosslinking activity. To check whether recombination‐activating gene 1/2 (RAG1/2) was required for DUX4/IGH‐driven splicing, the proximity ligation assay, co‐immunoprecipitation, mammalian two hybrid characterizations, in vitro RAG1/2 cleavage, and shRNA knock‐down assays were performed.ResultsWe reported previously unrecognized intron retention events in C‐type lectin domain family 12, member A abnormal transcript (CLEC12Aalt) and chromosome 6 open reading frame 89 abnormal transcript (C6orf89alt), where also harbored repetitive DRE‐DRE sites. Supportively, X‐ray crystallography and SAXS characterization revealed that DUX4 homeobox domain (HD)1‐HD2 might dimerize into a dumbbell‐shape trans configuration to crosslink two adjacent DRE sites. Impaired DUX4/IGH‐mediated crosslinking abolishes ERGalt, CLEC12Aalt, and C6orf89alt biogenesis, resulting in marked alleviation of its inhibitory effect on B‐cell differentiation. Furthermore, we also observed a rare RAG1/2‐mediated recombination signal sequence‐like DNA edition in DUX4/IGH target genes. Supportively, shRNA knock‐down of RAG1/2 in leukemic Reh cells consistently impaired the biogenesis of ERGalt, CLEC12Aalt, and C6orf89alt.ConclusionsAll these results suggest that DUX4/IGH‐driven DNA crosslinking is required for RAG1/2 recruitment onto the double tandem DRE‐DRE sites, catalyzing V(D)J‐like recombination and oncogenic splicing in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Lymph node status and its impact on the prognosis of left‐sided and right‐sided colon cancer: A SEER population‐based study
Authors: Huang Yadi , Ji Linlin , Zhu Jialong , Mao Xiaobei , Sheng Siqi , Hao Shuai , Xiang Dan , Guo Jiani , Fu Gongbo , Huang Mengxi , Lei Zengjie , Chu Xiaoyuan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundSome significant differences exist between the outcomes of left‐ and right‐sided colon cancer patients. The presence of nodal metastases is a critical prognostic factor, especially in the absence of distant metastasis. Our research studied the lymph nodes status of left‐ and right‐sided colon cancer patients to determine the influence of this factor on prognosis.MethodsOur data were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. We used the chi‐square test to analyze the clinicopathological characteristics. The X‐tile program was adopted to acquire optimal cutoff points of lymph node index. Kaplan–Meier curves were used to analyze prognosis and multivariate Cox regression models were performed to identify the independent factors associated with survival. Nomograms were built to predict the overall survival of patients, Harrell's C‐index and calibration plots were used to validate the nomograms.ResultsThe study included 189,941 patients with colon cancer without metastasis (left 69,885, right 120,056) between 2004 and 2015. There are more patients with adequate examined lymph nodes in right‐sided. Lymph node status in patients with right colon cancer has a more significant impact on the risk of death. LODDS (C‐index: 0.583; AIC: 6875.4) was used to assess lymph node status. The nomograms showed that lymph node status was the main factor to predict the outcome in right‐sided colon patients.ConclusionsThe influence of lymph node status on predicting prognosis is significantly different between patients with left and right colon cancer without metastasis. The tumor site needs to be considered when lymph node status is used to assess the outcome of patients.
The amplifying effect of perceived group politicization: Effects of group perceptions and identification on anxiety and coping self‐efficacy among members of UK COVID‐19 mutual aid groups
Authors: O'Dwyer Emma , Beascoechea‐Seguí Neus , Souza Luiz Gustavo Silva 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMutual aid groups developed and mobilized in communities across the UK and globally at the outset of the pandemic in order to support vulnerable community members with practical assistance and emotional support, with some understanding their work in political terms. This study adopted a “social cure” lens to investigate the effects of group identification and group perceptions on anxiety and coping self‐efficacy among members of UK Covid‐19 mutual aid groups. Survey data were collected from self‐identified members of these groups (N = 844) during the initial period of “lockdown” restrictions in April – May 2020. Correlational analyses showed that identification with the mutual aid group was linked to more positive group perceptions and better self‐reported psychological outcomes. Perceived group politicization showed the reverse pattern. Mixed support for the “social cure” model was evident; the effect of group identification on coping self‐efficacy (but not anxiety) was serially mediated by perceived support and collective efficacy. Perceived group politicization was a significant moderator, seeming to amplify the indirect effect of group identification on coping self‐efficacy via perceived support. Results are discussed in light of previous empirical work on the social cure and Covid‐19 mutual aid groups. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
Removal of Water from Spent Phosphoric Acid Using a Sandwich Silicon Carbide Ceramic Membrane
Authors: Lanjewar Tejay , Mishra Abhishek , Varma Mahesh N. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIt is important to develop an energy‐ and cost‐efficient method of concentrating phosphoric acid because it is widely used in several industries. Three different ceramic membranes, namely, a silicon carbide (SiC) membrane, a TiO2‐coated SiC membrane, and a sandwich membrane of TiO2 between SiC, were successfully applied for the selective separation of water from spent phosphoric acid. SiC was selected as raw material, TiO2 as supporting material. The membrane was characterized by various instruments to check all parameters. Using the solution diffusion, statistical modeling of these membranes was performed and the membrane parameters, such as membrane diffusivity and mass transfer coefficient, were calculated. By reducing the porosity of the membrane, the desired separation can be improved.