bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delayed Detection of a Carcinoid Tumor after Conservative Therapy for Appendicitis in a 13-Year-Old Boy and a 17-Year-Old Girl
Authors: Korsch Leonie Annina , Michael Boemers Thomas , Zimmermann Peter , Stenzel Martin , Wendenburg Wera 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAcute appendicitis is common in children and adolescents. Recently, conservative antibiotic treatment is regarded to be a safe approach to treat uncomplicated appendicitis. It is already established as initial treatment in cases of perforated appendicitis with perityphlitic abscess, commonly followed by interval appendectomy. We report on a 13-year-old boy with uncomplicated appendicitis and a 17-year-old girl with complicated, perforated appendicitis and perityphlitic abscess in whom initially successful antibiotic treatment led to a delay in detection of a carcinoid tumor (neuroendocrine tumor, NET) of the appendix. NET of the appendix, with an incidence of 0.03 to 0.8% in the pediatric population undergoing appendectomy for acute appendicitis, are usually incidental findings after appendectomy with no secure method for detection prior to surgery. Raising concern about this rare but severe disease, we recommend information of patients and their parents about the potential risk of belated diagnosis before opting for conservative their treatment of acute appendicitis. Furthermore, patients successfully treated conservatively require a close follow-up by ultrasound. In presence of any conspicuous finding, especially on imaging, appendectomy should be considered.
A Brief Account of Homoeopathic Approach to Fight COVID-19 Disaster
Authors: Rath Padmalaya , Jana Shib Narayan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRampen zijn een betreurenswaardig en onlosmakelijk deel van de beschaving. Hoewel rampen niet volledig kunnen worden voorkomen, kunnen de gevolgen ervan zodanig worden geminimaliseerd dat er zo weinig mogelijk mensenlevens en eigendom verloren gaan en de situatie zo snel mogelijk weer normaal wordt. In veel gevallen kunnen de gevolgen tot nul of verwaarloosbaar worden teruggebracht als voldoende inspanning aan de dag wordt gelegd. Epidemische ziekten worden ook als rampen beschouwd. Homeopathie is een medisch therapeutisch systeem dat beweert doeltreffend te kunnen ingrijpen bij epidemieën. Elk geneeskundig systeem dat aanbiedt in te grijpen bij een epidemie moet worden omarmd. Epidemieën hebben zich in het verleden niet alleen in India maar ook in andere landen voorgedaan, zoals cholera, de Aziatische griep, de Spaanse griep, het ernstig acuut respiratoir syndroom en de vogelgriep. Wanneer een epidemie zich in een groter geografisch gebied verspreidt en een groot aantal mensen treft, spreekt men van een pandemie. Coronavirusziekte 2019 (COVID-19) is een pandemie die in december 2019 begon. Homeopathische geneeskunde claimt een effectieve behandeling te hebben bij epidemieën. Er lijkt echter nauwelijks moeite te zijn gedaan om de beperkte gedocumenteerde studies over epidemieën samen te vatten die de positieve resultaten van de homeopathie zodanig consolideren dat beleidsmakers serieus kunnen nadenken over het feit dat homeopathie kan worden ingezet om epidemische ziekten te bestrijden. In dit artikel worden gegevens verzameld aan de hand van bestaande gepubliceerde artikelen over casuïstiek in peer-reviewed tijdschriften waarin de toepasbaarheid van homeopathie bij epidemieën/pandemieën en in COVID-19 wordt beoordeeld. Vanuit deze beoordeling is het vinden van geschikte oplossingen een noodzakelijke stap in de richting van preventie en behandeling van epidemische ziekten.
CSA-Induced PRES after Heart Transplantation—Report of Two Cases and Review
Authors: Huenges Katharina , Kolat Philipp , Panholzer Bernd , Haneya Assad 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a rare neurological disease possibly associated with the use of calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) like cyclosporine A.
Case Description The case of a patient who developed severe PRES under CNI therapy shortly after heart transplantation is presented here. Cerebral computed tomography led to the diagnose of PRES in our patient. New therapy strategy with a quadruple immunosuppressive protocol (cortisone, mycophenolate mofetil, low-dose CNI, and a mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibitor) was started.
Conclusion Under the quadruple therapy, a neurologic recovery occurred. In PRES, the presented alternative therapy strategy may lead to improving neurological conditions and preserved transplant organ functions.
Tratamento das rupturas irreparáveis do manguito rotador: Reconstrução capsular superior com aloenxerto de fáscia lata
Authors: Beraldo Rodrigo Alves , Gracitelli Mauro Emilio Conforto , Malavolta Eduardo Angeli , Assunção Jorge Henrique , Silva Fernando Brandão de Andrade e , Neto Arnaldo Amado Ferreira 
Published: November 2021

Resumo
Objetivo O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a eficácia e a segurança da reconstrução capsular superior (RCS) com a utilização do aloenxerto de fáscia lata.
Métodos Uma série de casos prospectivos de 15 pacientes com ruptura irreparável do supraespinhal foi submetida a RCS com aloenxerto de fáscia lata, sendo adotada como desfecho primário a escala American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES, na sigla em inglês) aos 12 meses do pós-operatório. Como desfechos secundários, foram adotadas as escalas da University of California Los Angeles (UCLA, na sigla em inglês), Constant-Murley, e Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE, na sigla em inglês), além da amplitude de movimento. Os parâmetros radiológicos também foram avaliados por radiografias simples e ressonância magnética (RM).
Resultados Quinze pacientes completaram 12 meses de acompanhamento pós-operatório. O escore ASES aumentou de 34,0 para 73,0 (p = 0,005). As escalas UCLA, Constant-Murley e SANE também apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas (p = 0,001; p = 0,005; e p = 0,046). Na avaliação da amplitude de movimento, houve melhora na elevação e rotação externa (95 a 140°, p = 0,003; 30 a 60°, p = 0,007). Seis pacientes (40%) tiveram cicatrização completa do enxerto. Os desfechos clínicos foram significativamente maiores nos pacientes que apresentaram cicatrização do enxerto.
Conclusões A RCS com aloenxerto de fáscia lata é um procedimento seguro e eficaz com um curto acompanhamento de tempo. Nível de evidência IV; Estudo Terapêutico; Série de casos.
Atualização na avaliação por imagens dos sarcomas ósseos e das partes moles
Authors: Guedes Alex , Oliveira Marcelo Bragança dos Reis , Melo Adelina Sanches de , Carmo Clarissa Canella Moraes do 
Published: November 2021

ResumoA evolução na avaliação por imagens dos sarcomas musculoesqueléticos contribuiu para melhora significativa no prognóstico e na sobrevida dos portadores destas neoplasias. A caracterização precisa destas lesões, mediante utilização das modalidades de imagem mais adequadas a cada condição clínica apresentada, é de suma importância no delineamento da abordagem terapêutica a ser instituída, com impacto direto sobre os desfechos clínicos. O presente artigo busca atualizar o leitor a propósito das metodologias de imagem no contexto da avaliação local e sistêmica dos sarcomas ósseos e das partes moles.
Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and blood biochemical indexes of male sika deer (Cervus nippon)
Authors: Kun Bao , Xiaoxu Wang , Kaiying Wang , Guangyu Li , Hanlu Liu 
Published: November 2021

Context Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is very important for animals and humans. CLA has many important biological functions, such as reducing fat and increasing muscle, antioxidation, improving immunity and so on. CLA requirements for deer have not been established. Aims A single-factor test was conducted to evaluate the effects of CLA supplementation on male sika deer. Methods Sixteen deer were divided in four groups (from G0 to G3) of four animals, each according to their bodyweight. Deer in G0 were fed a basal diet without CLA supplementation. Deer in G1, G2 and G3 were fed diets supplemented with CLA at concentrations of 0.25%, 0.5% and 1.0%. Growth performance, nutrient digestibility and blood biochemical indexes were measured. Key results The results suggested that the average daily gain of deer increased with conjugated linoleic acid supplementation (P < 0.05); maximal growth performance was seen in G2. The average daily feed intake showed differences among the treatments (P < 0.01). The highest average daily feed intake was observed in Group G2. Feed to gain ratio (F:G) in Groups G1, G2 and G3 was different from that in Group G0 (P < 0.01). The digestibility of crude protein and ether extract was increased by conjugated linoleic acid concentrations (P < 0.05). The alkaline phosphatase activity showed a significant increase (P < 0.05) in Groups G2 and G3, compared with Group G0. There were significant differences in cholesterol between G1 and G2 groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions The results indicated that conjugated linoleic acid supplementation to diet plays a positive role in the growth of sika deer. Implications This experiment has shown the effects of dietary supplementation with CLA in sika deer breeding. It has layed a good foundation for the application of CLA supplementation in sika deer industry to promote the healthy development of sika deer breeding industry.
Necroptosis activates UPR sensors without disrupting their binding with GRP78
Authors: Liang Wei , Qi Weiwei , Geng Yang , Wang Linhan , Zhao Jing , Zhu Kezhou , Wu Guowei , Zhang Zairong , Pan Heling , Qian Lihui , Yuan Junying 
Published: November 2021

Significance
Necroptosis has been shown to be involved in mediating pathology of major human inflammatory and degenerative diseases. Necroptosis is mediated by the activation of death receptors in response to the stimulation of cognate ligands such as the activation of TNFR1 by TNF. Here we provide unexpected insight that necroptosis promotes the activation of ER-localized transmembrane unfolded protein response (UPR) signal sensors, including protein kinases IRE1α and PERK in an unusual manner without disrupting their binding with GRP78. Thus, our results demonstrate that necroptosis promotes an unconventional ER stress response by directly disrupting the ER membrane without inducing the accumulation of misfolded proteins and the role of RNA as the content of extracellular vesicles released by necroptotic cells.
Nucleon-nucleus velocity-dependent optical model: revisited
Authors: Alameer Sajedah , Jaghoub M I , Ghabar I 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this work we study nucleon-nucleus elastic scattering using a nonlocal, velocity-dependent optical potential. The potential parameters are determined by fitting elastic angular distributions and polarization data for nucleon scattering off a wide range of nuclei falling in the mass range 12 ⩽ A ⩽ 208 and over the energy range 10–60 MeV. Our potential parameters lead to smoothly varying local equivalent potentials and, unlike previous works, the potential depths corresponding to the real volume, imaginary surface, and imaginary volume terms show systematic linear dependences on energy. In addition, for each nuclear target, we determined constant sets of geometric parameters. Including the polarization data in the fitting procedure helped in reducing the large variations in the depths of the spin–orbit term. Our best-fit angular distributions and polarization data are in very good agreement with measured data, and are either as good as the cross sections obtained with widely-used systematics or better.
The Kaiser-Rocket effect: three decades and counting
Authors: Bahr-Kalus Benedict , Bertacca Daniele , Verde Licia , Heavens Alan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The peculiar motion of the observer, if not accurately accounted for, is bound to induce a well-defined clustering signal in the distribution of galaxies. This signal is related to the Kaiser rocket effect. Here we examine the amplitude and form of this effect, both analytically and numerically, and discuss possible implications for the analysis and interpretation of forthcoming cosmological surveys.
For an idealistic cosmic variance dominated full-sky survey with a Gaussian selection function peaked at z ∼ 1.5 it is a > 5σ effect and it can in principle bias very significantly the inference of cosmological parameters, especially for primordial non-Gaussianity. For forthcoming surveys, with realistic masks and selection functions, the Kaiser rocket is not a significant concern for cosmological parameter inference except perhaps for primordial non-Gaussianity studies. However, it is a systematic effect, whose origin, nature and imprint on galaxy maps are well known and thus should be subtracted or mitigated. We present several approaches to do so.
A novel way of constraining the α-attractor chaotic inflation through Planck data
Authors: Sarkar Arunoday , Sarkar Chitrak , Ghosh Buddhadeb 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDefining a scale ofk-modes of the quantum fluctuations during inflation through the dynamical horizon crossing conditionk = aHwe go from the physicaltvariable tokvariable and solve the equations of cosmological first-order perturbations self consistently, with the chaotic α-attractor type potentials. This enables us to study the behaviour ofns,r,ntandNin thek-space. Comparison of our results in the low-kregime with the Planck data puts constraints on the values of the α parameter through microscopic calculations. Recent studies had already put model-dependent constraints on the values of α through the hyperbolic geometry of a Poincaré disk: consistent with both the maximal supergravity model 𝒩 = 8 and the minimal supergravity model 𝒩 = 1, the constraints on the values of α are 1/3, 2/3, 1, 4/3, 5/3, 2, 7/3. The minimal 𝒩 = 1 supersymmetric cosmological models withB-mode targets, derived from these supergravity models, predicted the values ofrbetween 10-2and 10-3. Both in theE-model and theT-model potentials, we have obtained, in our calculations, the values ofrin this range for all the constrained values of α stated above, within 68% CL. Moreover, we have calculatedrfor some other possible values of α both in low-α limit, using the formular = 12α/N2, and in the high-α limit, using the formular = 4n/N, forn = 2 and 4. With all such values of α, our calculated results match with the Planck-2018 data with 68% or near 95% CL.
Effect of axion-like particles on the spectrum of the extragalactic gamma-ray background
Authors: Liang Yun-Feng , Zhang Xing-Fu , Cheng Ji-Gui , Zeng Hou-Dun , Fan Yi-Zhong , Liang En-Wei 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Axion-like particles (ALPs) provide a feasible explanation for the observed lower TeV opacity of the Universe. If the anomaly TeV transparency is caused by ALPs, then the fluxes of distant extragalactic sources will be enhanced at photon energies beyond TeV, resulting in an enhancement of the observed extragalactic gamma-ray background (EGB) spectrum. In this work, we have investigated the ALP modulation on the EGB spectrum at TeV energies. Our results show that in the most optimistic case, the existence of ALPs can cause the EGB spectrum to greatly deviate from the prediction of a pure extragalactic-background-light (EBL) absorption scenario. The deviation occurs at approximately ≳1 TeV, and the current EGB measurements by Fermi-LAT cannot identify such an effect. We also find that most of the sensitive ALP parameters have been ruled out by existing constraints, leaving only a small region of unrestricted parameters that can be probed using the EGB effect investigated in this work. Observations from forthcoming very-high-energy instruments like LHAASO and CTA may be beneficial for the study of this effect.
Novel method for one-way local distinguishability of generalized Bell states in arbitrary dimension
Authors: Yang Ying-Hui , Yan Rang-Yang , Wang Xiao-Li , Yuan Jiang-Tao , Zuo Hui-Juan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this paper the local distinguishability of generalized Bell states in arbitrary dimension is investigated. We firstly study the decomposition of a basis which consists of d
2 number of generalized Pauli matrices. We discover that this basis is equal to the union of D number of different sets, where

D
=

2

ϕ

(

d

)

∑

t
∈

Z

d

gcd

(

t
,
d

)

=
1

∑

i
=
2

⌊

d

t

⌋

ϕ

(

i

)

+
1

and ϕ is Euler ϕ-function. Then we define the generator of the matrices in this decomposition, and exhibit an algorithm to calculate generators of a given set of matrices. This algorithm shows that generators of a given set can be calculated simply and efficiently. Secondly, we show that a set

L

of GBSs can be distinguished by one-way LOCC if the cardinality of

G

L

is less than Dϕ(d), where

G

L

is a set of generators of all the elements in difference set of a set

L

of GBSs. The previous results in [2004 Phys. Rev. Lett.
92 177905; 2019 Phys. Rev. A
99 022307; 2021 Quantum Inf. Process.
20 52] can be covered by our result. Finally, for the uncovered cases in [2021 Quantum Inf. Process.
20 52], we give a new result to partly solve that problem.
Incubation Period, Spore Shedding Duration, and Symptoms of Enterocytozoon bieneusi Genotype C Infection in a Foodborne Outbreak in Denmark, 2020
Authors: Michlmayr Daniela , Alves de Sousa Luís , Müller Luise , Jokelainen Pikka , Ethelberg Steen , Vestergaard Lasse Skafte , Schjørring Susanne , Mikkelsen Sarah , Jensen Carl Widstrup , Rasmussen Lasse Dam , Rune Stensvold Christen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background
Microsporidia are rarely reported to cause outbreaks of diarrhea. We describe a foodborne outbreak of microsporidiosis from a workplace canteen in November 2020 in Denmark.

Methods
A probable case was defined as any person using the canteen between 4 November and 13 December 2020, reporting at least one gastrointestinal symptom, whereas a confirmed case also had an Enterocytozoon bieneusi positive stool sample. A web-based questionnaire was used to collect clinical, epidemiological, and food exposure data. We performed a retrospective cohort study and tested stool samples from affected individuals for bacterial, viral, and parasitic pathogens, including E. bieneusi.

Results
Altogether, 195 individuals completed the questionnaire. We identified 52 cases (65% male; median age 45 years [range 25–65]). Diarrhea (90%), fatigue (83%), and abdominal pain (79%) were the most commonly reported symptoms. Eight cases were laboratory-confirmed and had E. bieneusi genotype C. The incubation period was between 5 and 12 days, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-detectable spore shedding occurred up to 43 days after symptom onset. Disease was associated with consuming food from the workplace canteen on 4 November 2020 (relative risk [RR[, 2.8 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4 – 5.4]) and lunchboxes containing open sandwiches (RR, 3.2 [95% CI: 1.4 – 7.2]) served that day.

Conclusions
This is the second documented foodborne outbreak of E. bieneusi genotype C-associated diarrhea worldwide. Epidemiological findings advocated an open sandwiches lunchbox from 4 November 2020, as a likely source. E. bieneusi may be an under-reported cause of outbreaks of diarrhea, and testing for it might be useful in foodborne outbreak investigations.
Gender differences in Barrett’s esophagus and progression of disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Stephanie Melquist , Nour Hamade , de Sá Inês Marques , Shanker Kundumadam , Kevin Kennedy , Mario Dinis-Ribeiro , Prateek Sharma 
Published: November 2021

Summary
It is known that Barrett’s esophagus (BE) and esophageal adenocarcinoma occur more commonly in men. What is unknown are the prevalence of BE and rates of neoplastic progression in women. Our aim was to determine the prevalence of Barrett’s and its progression to esophageal cancer in women through systematic review and meta-analysis. A comprehensive search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Studies were included that reported prevalence rates of BE or progression rates to neoplastic disease stratified by gender. Barrett’s was defined by updated criteria as salmon-colored mucosa ≥1 cm proximal to the gastroesophageal junction. Pooled rates and odds ratios (ORs) at 95% confidence interval (CI) of the prevalence of BE and its progression to neoplastic disease were calculated. Ten studies with 19,337 patients (50.6% women) reported on prevalence and six studies with 5137 patients (24.3% women) reported on neoplastic progression of disease between genders. The rate of BE in women was 1.29% ([95% CI: 0.76–2.19], I2 = 91%) compared to men at 4.66% ([95% CI: 3.31–6.53], I2 = 89%); OR: 0.33 ([95% CI: 0.27–0.42], I2 = 0%). The rate of annual progression of Barrett’s to high-grade dysplasia or adenocarcinoma was 0.62% ([95% CI: 0.22–1.75]) in women compared to 1.54% ([95% CI: 0.83–2.81], I2 = 96%) in men; OR: 0.44 ([95% CI: 0.30–0.65], I2 = 22%). This study demonstrates a 70% lower rate of prevalence and a 60% lower rate of neoplastic progression of Barrett’s in women. Future BE guidelines should tailor screening and surveillance practices by gender.
Balancing normalcy and safety: health-related needs in patients with a ventricular assist device within their home environment
Authors: Treß Florian , Spitz-Koeberich Christine , Rebafka Anne , Schibilsky David , Kugler Christiane 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Aims
Ventricular assist device (VAD) implantation has become a well-established treatment strategy for patients suffering from advanced heart failure. Ventricular assist device treatment attempts to ameliorate the symptom burden but may create new challenges in patients’ lives. Lacking are insights into perceived challenges and health-related needs of patients with VAD within their home environment. Our study aimed to explore the perceived health-related needs of patients living with a VAD in their home environment.

Methods and results
We used a qualitative approach based on a hermeneutic, directed content analysis design. Telephone-based interviews were conducted with 10 patients with VAD from a single cardiology centre in Germany. Data collection and analyses were carried out using content-structuring content analyses. Normalcy and safety were identified as overarching themes: participants expressed a need to balance daily activities between striving for normalcy and maintaining safety. Underlying necessities reflecting this balance were categorized as functional, social, and mental health-related needs. Learning by doing, social-, and peer support were described as relevant requisites. Fulfilling these health-related needs could aid patients living with VAD in achieving the sense of normalcy and safety they seek.

Conclusion
Balancing health-related needs with striving for normalcy and safety, emerged as a new core concept for patients with VAD. Thus, being cognizant of this balance when caring for these patients, could facilitate coping after VAD implantation through increasing acceptance of limitations to daily functions by enhancing individual safety. A supportive social environment, including peer support, becomes vital in self-management programs preparing patients with VAD for their home environment.