bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FAKTOR PENYEBAB KESULITAN BELAJAR BAHASA JEPANG MAHASISWA TAHUN MASUK 2018 KELAS INTERNATIONAL PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN BAHASA INGGRIS UNP
Authors: Eriawan Ricky , Putri Meira Anggia 
Published: November 2021

Abstrak Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) Untuk mendeskripsikan faktor internal yang menyebabkan kesulitan belajar mahasiswa dalam mengikuti perkuliahan bahasa Jepang. (2) Untuk mendeskripsikan faktor eksternal yang menyebabkan kesulitan belajar mahasiswa dalam mengikuti perkuliahan bahasa Jepang. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah 25 mahasiswa. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini seluruh populasi. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan angket dan berpedoman pada skala likert. Sedangkan teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif dengan persentase. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan (1) faktor internal: indikator minat sebesar 51% berada pada kategori “Sedang”. Artinya adalah indikator ini berdampak sedang dalam menyebabkan kesulitan belajar bahasa Jepang mahasiswa. Indikator sikap terhadap belajar sebesar 48% berada pada kategori “Sedang”. Artinya adalah indikator ini berdampak sedang dalam menyebabkan kesulitan belajar bahasa Jepang mahasiswa. Indikator kesehatan sebesar 41,2% berada pada kategori “Sedang”. Artinya adalah indikator ini berdampak sedang dalam menyebabkan kesulitan belajar bahasa Jepang mahasiswa. (2) Faktor eksternal: indikator lingkungan masyarakat 54,13% berada pada kategori “Sedang”. Artinya adalah indikator ini berdampak sedang dalam menyebabkan kesulitan belajar bahasa Jepang mahasiswa. indikator lingkungan keluarga 50,4% berada pada kategori “Sedang”. Artinya adalah indikator ini berdampak sedang dalam menyebabkan kesulitan belajar bahasa Jepang mahasiswa. dan indikator lingkungan kampus 47,73% berada pada kategori “Sedang”. Artinya adalah indikator ini berdampak sedang dalam menyebabkan kesulitan belajar bahasa Jepang mahasiswa.
Histopathological Evaluation of the Effect of Eugenol in a Model of Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid-Induced Colitis in Rats
Authors: Marinov V. , Tzaneva M. , Zhelyazkova-Savova M. , Gancheva S. , Valcheva-Kuzmanova St. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Introduction: Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced experimental colitis in animals is a commonly used model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Eugenol (Eug) is a natural phenolic compound possessing promising antioxidant and anti-inflammatory therapeutic properties.

Aim: The present study investigated the effects of Eug in a TNBS-induced rat colitis model using criteria for histopathological evaluation of the colonic damage.

Materials and methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into 6 experimental groups, each of 10 rats: Control, TNBS, TNBS+Eug1, TNBS+Eug5, TNBS+Eug25, and TNBS+Eug125 group. Eug or the solvent (sunflower oil) was applied orally using an orogastric cannula. The control group and TNBS group were treated only with sunflower oil. Eug groups were treated with corresponding doses of Eug (1, 5, 25 and 125 mg/kg) dissolved in sunflower oil. Colitis was induced by the application of TNBS in the colon. The animal treatment began 6 days before the colitis induction and continued for 8 days after it. At the end of the experiment, colitis severity was evaluated histopathologically regarding epithelium injury, inflammatory cell infiltration, and formation of granulation tissue.

Results: In all TNBS+Eug groups, the formation of granulation tissue was enhanced compared to TNBS. In group TNBS+Eug125 the difference was significant compared to the control group (p < 0.05). No significant improvement regarding the scores of epithelium injury and inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in Eug groups compared to TNBS group.

Conclusion: Eug did not improve the signs of TNBS-induced epithelial injury and inflammatory cell infiltration, but stimulated the formation of granulation tissue which might be considered as a sign of healing.
Conventional Cytogenetic and Molecular Analysis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) and Their Association with Overall Survival
Authors: Shakeri S. , Javan M. R. , Ayatollahi H. , Salehi M. , Bari A. , Shams S. F. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background: Conventional cytogenetic is one of the most important diagnostic tools for predicting the overall survival of the patients. Molecular genetics in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has provided insights into the molecular mechanism of leukemogenesis. In this study we aimed to investigate the impact of cytogenetic and molecular methods on the survival of patients with de novo established AML in order to achieve a useful marker or test in the process of predicting the disease course.

Material and methods: Eighty newly diagnosed AML patients who were treatment naive entered the study. Cytogenetic and molecular studies such as, the conventional karyotyping, sequencing and reverse transcriptase real time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) were included. Overall survival was calculated by Kaplan-Maier technique and the data were analyzed by SPSS.V.19.

Results: Among 80 patients, 36 (45%) were female and 44 (55%) were male patients. Patients’ median age was 29 years, ranging from 1 to 76 years. The mean overall survival was 19 months (95% CI: 1523 months). The 1-year AML survival rate was 61%. There were significant differences in overall survival between the NPM1-mutated groups compared to the patients without any mutations (19% versus 61%) (p < 0.032).

Conclusion: This study makes a significant contribution in assessing the prognostic value of cytogenetic and molecular markers. This study showed the heterogeneity of de novo AML that involved various factors and prevalence of distinct cytogenetic subgroups. Our data in comparison with other population-based studies, confirmed a differential distribution of cytogenetic and molecular classification indicating geographic heterogeneity.
Increased incidence and antimicrobial resistance among Vibrio parahaemolyticus in shellfishes from major fish markets in Cochin, South India: Seafood risk assessment
Authors: Silvester Reshma , Saji Amala , Divakaran Anagha Rani , Dilshana P.M. , Nair Radha , Hatha Mohamed , Harikrishnan M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
India remains as a top supplier of value-added seafoods to the global markets. Cochin is one of the leading fishing ports in India contributing to country’s major seafood export. As part of risk assessment, we analyzed the prevalence of multi-drug resistant Vibrio parahaemolyticus; seafood borne gastroenteritis-causing pathogen, in shellfishes collected from major fish markets in Cochin. This bacterial species was initially isolated on thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose agar and HiCrome™ Vibrio agar, further confirmed by detection of V. parahaemolyticus species-specific toxR gene and by 16S r RNA sequencing. A total of 113 confirmed V. parahaemolyticus were recovered. Almost all the strains exhibited resistance towards three or more antibiotics (multiple-drug resistant) and harbored virulence related exoenzymes especially hemolysin (Kanagawa phenomenon); which is indeed a matter of concern. The multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index of the isolates ranged from 0.21 to 0.57. Furthermore, our results also indicate a substantial increase in the incidence of the pathogen in seafood from the area compared to previous years. This may pose a risk to the local and international consumers of the seafood. Practicing complete hygiene and adequate cooking is strongly recommended. Regular monitoring of aquaculture areas and fish markets is urged to reduce dissemination of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus in seafood and to prevent fatal cases of human infection induced by this species in the country.
Effect of enzymatic pro-oxidant and antioxidant systems on bovine oocyte in vitro maturation
Authors: Morado Sergio , Gaviria Stephania Madrid , Dalvit Gabriel , Cetica Pablo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM) is still controversial. Although an increase in ROS production may cause deleterious effects in cells, these reactive species may also act as signaling molecules influencing different cell functions. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of varying endogenous ROS levels during IVM on the process of bovine oocyte maturation. To do so, different enzymatic antioxidant (catalase, or superoxide dismutase + catalase, or diphenyl iodonium) or pro-oxidant systems (xanthine + xanthine oxidase, or xanthine + xanthine oxidase + catalase) were added to the culture medium. ROS levels were determined by 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate stain, nuclear maturation was evaluated by the presence of the metaphase II chromosome configuration at 22h of IVM and cleavage rate was recorded 48h post- in vitro fertilization. ROS levels were only significantly increased (P<0.05) by the O2
.- generating system (xanthine + xanthine oxidase + catalase), but meiotic maturation rates were significantly lower (P<0.05) in all the evaluated systems compared with the control, except for the diphenyl iodonium group. However, this last group presented a significantly lower (P<0.05) cleavage rate in comparison to the control group. These results indicate that ROS would play an essential role during oocyte maturation, since its increase or decrease beyond a physiological level significantly reduced nuclear or cytoplasmic maturation rates in bovine oocytes.
The Effect of Supplementation with β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyric Acid (HMB) to Pregnant Sows on the Mucosal Structure, Immunolocalization of Intestinal Barrier Proteins, VIP and Leptin in the Large Intestine in their Offspring
Authors: Tomaszewska Ewa , Dobrowolski Piotr , Prost Łukasz , Chand Deepesh K.P. , Donaldson Janine , Winiarczyk Dagmara , Jarosz Łukasz , Ciszewski Artur , Czech Anna , Muszyński Siemowit 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The large intestine epithelium plays an important role in water absorption and participates in fluid, acid-base and electrolyte balance, and the removal of waste products. The large intestine is rich in microorganism-presented enzyme activity. Apart from energy supply, the colon also participates in the synthesis of trophic factors and the modulation of the immune system and the systemic inflammatory response. The current study investigated the effects of dietary HMB administration to pregnant sows on the postnatal development of the colon in their offspring, at weaning. From the 70th to the 90th day of gestation, sows received either a basal diet (n = 12) or the basal diet supplemented with HMB (n = 12) at a dose of 0.2 g/kg of body weight/day. Maternal HMB treatment increased serum IgG and glucose concentrations and decreased serum urea concentration in the piglets. Basal histomorphometric analysis of offspring large intestines showed that prenatal HMB treatment led to a reduction in the thickness of the mucosa, submucosa and both types of myenterons, as well as reduced crypt thickness. The immunoreaction performed to mark T0 lymphocytes and total T lymphocytes in the colon wall showed that prenatal HMB treatment decreased the number of both types of lymphocytes. Greater expression for cadherin was found in the colon of piglets delivered by the HMB-treated sows. The expression of both tight junction proteins (occludin and claudin-3), as well as that of leptin, was stronger in the HMB-treated group. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) expression was stronger in the submucosal plexuses in the HMB maternal treated piglets, while no changes were observed in the myenteric plexuses. The results obtained indicate that the administration of HMB to pregnant sows significantly influenced the expression of leptin, VIP and some proteins of the intestinal barrier in their offspring, with less influence on large intestine basal morphology.
The effect of the application of diets with varied proportions of arginine and lysine on biochemical and antioxidant status in Turkeys
Authors: Całyniuk Zuzanna , Cholewińska Ewelina , Konieczka Paweł , Ognik Katarzyna , Mikulski Dariusz , Jankowski Jan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of two proportions of arginine (95% and 105%) relative to lysine (Lys), where Lys content in the diet is in accordance with NRC (1994) recommendations or 10% higher, on the metabolism, antioxidant status, and growth performance of turkeys. The experiment had a 2x2 factorial design with two levels of Lys and Arg. The diets with a low level of Lys were according to the NRC (1994) requirements. In the diets with a high level of Lys, the content of Lys was increased by 10% relative to the low level Lys. The two Arg levels in the experimental diets were determined so as to provide 95% and 105% Arg relative to the content of dietary Lys. An increase in the amount of Lys in the diet of turkeys by 10% relative to NRC nutritional recommendations (1994) was not shown to improve growth performance, but had beneficial effects on the metabolism and antioxidant status of the birds, as evidenced by the improvement of hepatic indices (reduction of AST and ALT activity at 9th week of life) and renal indices (reduction of UREA at 9th week of life and reduction of TP and increase level of ALB levels at 16th week of life), as well as an increase in the level of glutathione with strong antioxidant properties at 16th week of life. In comparison to the lower level of Arg in the diet, an increase in the amount of this amino acid to 105% Lys did not improve growth performance, metabolism, or antioxidant status. An Arg level of 95% Lys can be used in a diet for turkeys containing 10% more Lys than the level recommended by the NRC (1994).
The importance of nutrition in alleviating high stocking density stress in poultry - A Review
Authors: Gül Esra Tuğçe , Yildiz Alpönder , Olgun Osman 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In recent decades, the number of birds reared per unit area has dramatically spiked to increase profitability in egg and meat production. However, nowadays, the increase in sensitivity to animal welfare and consumer demands brings along with it a raised interest in stocking density. Stocking density is defined either as the number of animals or body weight per unit area or as the area per animal. High stocking density, which is a stress factor, can be defined as an increase in the number of animals per unit area or a decrease in the area per animal. Stress caused by high stocking density negatively affects the bird’s physiology and performance as well as the quality of the product obtained. The ideal stocking density should be 9 laying hens, 35 kilograms for broilers, and 45 quails per square metre. Otherwise, one will observe stress indicators in birds reared in more than the recommended stocking density per unit area and, consequently, a decrease in bird growth, egg production, feed efficiency, and egg or meat quality. Apart from increasing the concentrations of amino acids such as lysine, methionine, tryptophan and arginine, minerals such as selenium and chromium, and vitamins such as C and E in the diet, the addition of additives such as probiotics, humates, phytophenol compounds, and propolis is also effective in reducing or eliminating these negative effects caused by high stocking density. As a result, regulations in the nutrition of animals are effective in reducing/preventing such negative effects, thus improving animal welfare and ensuring the maintenance of optimum yield.
β-glucan as a promising food additive and immunostimulant in aquaculture industry
Authors: Khanjani Mohammad Hossein , Sharifinia Moslem , Ghaedi Gholamreza 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The use of antibiotics in aquatic feed reduces the incidence of disease and enhances growth performance, although it presents harmful effects, such as development of resistant bacteria and accumulation in the natural environment. A variety of immune stimulants including probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, phytobiotics, organic acids, nucleotides, antioxidants, microalgae, yeast and enzymes have been used in the aquaculture industry. In recent decades, much attention has been paid to finding a variety of immunostimulants with lower cost which also affect specific and non-specific immunity and improve fish resistance against a wide range of pathogens. These stimulants strengthen the fish’s immune system by increasing the number of phagocytes, lysozyme activity and level of immunoglobulin. The use of immune stimulants as an effective tool to overcome diseases and strengthen the immune system of farmed species, leads to the promotion of cellular and humoral defense mechanisms and increases resistance to infectious diseases. Among these immunostimulants used in aquaculture, β-glucans are of particular importance. Glucans are complex polysaccharide compounds extracted from the cell wall of yeasts and fungi. These compounds can stimulate fish growth, survival, and immune function. Therefore, this review discusses the role and importance of β-glucan as a food additive in aquaculture and examines the impact of these compounds on the growth performance, immunity and biochemical parameters of farmed species.
The assessment of the efficacy of STRs panels recommended by the ISAG for canine pedigrees analysis for forensic casework
Authors: Radko Anna , Podbielska Angelika , Wierzbowska Izabela A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Canine DNA is widely used in forensic investigations, particularly in cases of dog attacks on humans. Nowadays, STR markers are employed worldwide in forensic laboratories to test human and animal genotypes. In the study we analysed the effectiveness of 18 STR panel as previously recommended by ISAG and the same panel with three additional markers – 21 STR, which has been recommended by ISAG as the core panel for dog identification since 2016. We calculated the PD, PID for these sets of panels and estimated RMP based on the DNA profile obtained during an investigation of a woman bitten by a dog. The high combined CPD value for 18 and 21 STRs showed values close to 1.0. The CPID value for theses panels was 5.2 × 10−10 to 6.4 × 10−14. Statistical analysis estimated the random DNA match, in the case of the woman bitten by a dog, with a probability of 4.3×1019 and 2.8×1022, using 18 and 21 STR panels respectively, and that the canine DNA profile from the crime scene originated from the suspected dog and not from another random dog. Our results show that both STR panels can be used effectively for individual identification and forensic casework.
Influence of nitrate supplementation on in-vitro methane emission, milk production, ruminal fermentation, and microbial methanotrophs in dairy cows fed at two forage levels
Authors: Sharifi Majid , Taghizadeh Akbar , Hosseinkhani Ali , Palangi Valiollah , Macit Muhlis , Salem Abdelfattah Z. M. , Elghndour Mona M.M.Y. , Abachi Soheila 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Modifying the chemical composition of a diet can be a good strategy for reducing methane emission in the rumen. However, this strategy can have adverse effects on the ruminal microbial flora. The aim of our study was to reduce methane without disturbing ruminal function by stimulating the growth and propagation of methanotrophs. In this study, we randomly divided twenty multiparous Holstein dairy cows into 4 groups in a 2×2 factorial design with two forage levels (40% and 60%) and two nitrate supplementation levels (3.5% and zero). We examined the effect of experimental diets on cow performance, ruminal fermentation, blood metabolites and changes of ruminal microbial flora throughout the experimental period (45-day). Additionally, in vitro methane emission was evaluated. Animals fed diet with 60% forage had greater dry matter intake (DMI) and milk fat content, but lower lactose and milk urea content compared with those fed 40% forage diet. Moreover, nitrate supplementation had no significant effect on DMI and milk yield. Furthermore, the interactions showed that nitrate reduces DMI and milk fat independently of forage levels. Our findings showed that nitrate can increase ammonia concentration, pH, nitrite, and acetate while reducing the total volatile fatty acids concentration, propionate, and butyrate in the rumen. With increasing nitrate, methane emission was considerably decreased possibly due to the stimulated growth of Fibrobacteria, Proteobacteria, type II Methanotrophs, and Methanoperedense nitroreducens, especially with high forage level. Overall, nitrate supplementation could potentially increase methane oxidizing microorganisms without adversely affecting cattle performance.
Correlation of Rheological Properties of Ferrofluid-Based Magnetorheological Fluids Using Some Dimensionless Numbers Defined in Magnetorheology
Authors: Vălu Gheorghe-Orlando , Susan-Resiga Daniela 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this paper we investigated from rheological point of view some samples of ferrofluid-based magnetorheological fluids (FF-MRFs) with different volumic fractions of Fe microparticles, but with the same ferrofluid used as carrier liquid. We correlated the dimensionless flow curves, measured at different values of the magnetic field induction, using either Mason number or Casson number. It has been shown that in this approach, data sets measured under different conditions collapse on a single curve. This master curve is useful for controlling the concentration of Fe particles, so that the magnetic and magnetorheological properties of FF-MRF to be adapted to obtain high-performance applications.
Scattering of Fermions by a Magnetic Dipole Field
Authors: Hategan Sergiu , Crucean Cosmin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this paper we study the problem of fermions scattering by the field of a magnetic dipole in Minkowski space-time. The amplitude and differential cross section for scattering of massive fermions are obtained using the exact solution of the Dirac equation written in the helicity basis. We found that the most probable transitions are those that scatter the fermions perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field and we consider only the transverse momenta in our analysis. The differential cross section behavior in terms of scattering angle and energy is graphically analysed and we perform a comparative study with the Coulomb scattering.
The Development of Organic Agriculture in Serbia and Worldwide
Authors: Golijan Jelena , Sečanski Mile 
Published: November 2021

Summary
Organic agriculture is a food production system that sustains the health of people, soils and ecosystems with no adverse consequences, combining tradition, innovation and science. The development of such type of agricultural production, from its beginnings to the present day, has encompassed a number of specific stages both in Serbia and worldwide. Accordingly, the purpose of this survey study is to present the developmental course of organic agricultural production in Serbia and worldwide. The paper also summarises the state of organic plant production across different regions of Serbia, arguing that the Serbian organic production has been increasing since the 1990s. Following the political changes in Serbia in 2000, foreign donations, investments and organisations have significantly enhanced the country’s organic production sector as a whole. The largest number of organic producers (1/3) and the largest areas devoted to organic farming are concentrated in Vojvodina.