bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Islamic Inter‐Temporal Capital Asset Pricing Model: Evidence From GCC Indexes
Authors: Alahouel Fatma , Loukil Nadia 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTOur study examines the multi‐period Islamic investment issue in GCC markets. We assess the validity of ICAPM by incorporating market dynamics: volatility and uncertainty. To test the predictive power of these factors over time, we employ Engle's (2002) dynamic conditional correlation framework and compute the DCC between Islamic stock index returns and three key variables: the GCC Islamic index (market index) and market state variables (volatility and uncertainty). For cross‐sectional variation, we follow Bali and Engle (2010) and estimate the seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) after measuring dynamic covariance. We report heterogeneous results revealing a complex relationship between market risk factors and expected returns. While the introduction of market volatility and uncertainty factors generally resulted in a negative risk premium, the specific impact varied across different markets. Interestingly, the Saudi index, holding significant weight within the GCC index, shows a negative risk premium and a positive uncertainty premium in the short‐term. Accordingly, investors seek a premium for uncertainty and accept a discount for volatility in the Saudi market. However, in the long term, a traditional positive risk–return relationship is observed. The cross‐sectional results reveal that both GCC index fluctuations and shifts in market volatility are associated with a negative risk premium, in the short term. Whereas, an increasing market uncertainty leads to a higher expected return in the following month. This study adds novelty to the literature related to the pricing of Shari'ah‐compliant assets by testing the inter‐temporal CAPM for these assets and showing the usefulness for investors. Indeed, the implementation of a multi‐period investment plan across Islamic GCC indexes can help investors mitigate adverse changes in market volatility and uncertainty.
Design, Synthesis, Antiproliferative Screening, and In Silico Studies of Some Pyridinyl‐Pyrimidine Candidates
Authors: Abdelrahman Ali H. , Azab Mohammad E. , Hegazy Mohamed A. , Labena Ahmed , Ramadan Sayed K. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTUsing pyrimidinethione, a new series of pyridinyl‐pyrimidine candidates was prepared by reacting with diverse carbon‐centered electrophiles like hydrazonoyl chloride, N‐arylchloroacetamide, ethyl chloroacetate, and enaminone derivatives. Some heteroannulated compounds, such as triazolopyrimidine and thiazolopyrimidine derivatives were obtained. The mass fragmentation pathways were investigated by the electron impact mass spectrometry (EI‐MS), and the molecular ion peaks (M+.) were recorded at different intensities. The in vitro antiproliferative efficacy of the prepared compounds against MCF7 and HCT116 cancer cell lines showed the highest potency of pyrimidinethione 2, triazolopyrimidine 4, and thiazolopyrimidine 10. Also, in silico studies were performed to recognize these findings. A molecular docking simulation towards the EGFR enzyme showed the best docking score of thiazolopyrimidine 10 through H‐bonding and hydrophobic interactions in comparison to the interactions of co‐crystallized ligand and doxorubicin. With DFT calculations, compound 10 exhibited the lowest energy gap and the highest softness. Among ADME simulation, compounds 7, 8, 9, and 11 exhibited desirable lead‐likeness. It is hoped that this work may affect advancing new effective antiproliferative agents.
On‐Site Raman and XRF Study of Complex Metal Patinas and Cloisonné Enamels From 19th‐Century Christofle Masterpieces: Technological Study of the Decoration Techniques
Authors: Schröter Julie , Colomban Philippe , Bouchard Michel , Bellot‐Gurlet Ludovic , Gay‐Mazuel Audrey 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTA major effort in technological development was conducted during the 19th century. The polychrome surfaces of the metal parts of a corner cabinet, a torch vase, an “elephant” vase, and a candelabra pair designed by Emile Reiber between 1874 and 1878 for the Christofle & Cie Company were investigated on site by means of noninvasive Raman, FTIR, and X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy after examination under white light at different magnifications and under UV illumination. Despite the low thickness of the patinas (a few tens of microns) different (electro)chemically formed phases were identified in these layers (Cu2O, Ag2S, CuS or Cu2S, and sulfates). Residues of organic conservation products are identified by FTIR reflectance. The results are compared with the information available in the patents filed by the company as well as other written sources from that period. The pigments and opacifiers (Naples yellows, lead arsenates, fluorite, spinels, cassiterite, and chromates), and the vitreous matrices of the cloisonné enamels of the objects above are identified and testify to the deliberate combination of European and Asian enameling techniques.
The Prevalence of Local Symptoms in Benign Thyroid Disease: A Systematic Review with Meta‐analysis
Authors: Yogaraj Vikash , Sinclair Catherine , Tchernegovski Ayden , Phyland Debra 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveThis systematic review seeks to evaluate the prevalence of local symptoms in patients with benign thyroid disease as described in the literature.Data sourcesA literature search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Medline, and Cochrane databases.Review MethodsCrude symptom prevalence was obtained by addition of data across studies that reported local symptoms, and adjusted symptom frequency was calculated using a random effects model. Subgroup analysis was conducted to explore heterogeneity.ResultsThe final review included 21 studies with 4063 patients, with adjusted symptom prevalence as follows: dyspnoea (29%), dysphagia (23%), dysphonia (18%). Globus and cosmetic concern were frequent in nodule subgroups (54% and 77%, respectively). Patients with goiter were significantly more likely to experience dyspnoea than those with solitary nodules. Symptom prevalence was qualitatively higher in studies that used questionnaires, as compared with studies containing clinician‐derived data.ConclusionsLocal symptoms occur frequently in patients with benign thyroid disease, with dyspnoea being most common, followed by dysphagia and dysphonia. Additional large‐scale studies with homogenous reporting of symptoms, and data pertaining to thyroid disease size and location, are required to further delineate the relationship between benign thyroid disease and local symptomatology. Furthermore, the disparity in symptom prevalence between questionnaire and clinician‐derived data suggests the superiority of questionnaires as a means of symptom assessment, and their potential utility as an instrument to guide patient counseling and outcome expectations. Laryngoscope, 2024
Epigenetic and Metabolic Landscape of Dementia with Lewy Bodies
Authors: Vishweswaraiah Sangeetha , Yilmaz Ali , Gordevicius Juozas , Milčiūtė Milda , Krinickis Karolis , Kerseviciute Ieva , McGuinness Bernadette , Passmore Peter , Kehoe Patrick G. , Green Brian D. , Radhakrishna Uppala , Graham Stewart F. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundLewy body diseases, including dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), are characterized by α‐synuclein accumulation, leading to dementia. Previous studies suggest distinct epigenetic and metabolomic profiles in DLB.ObjectiveThis study aims to identify diagnostic biomarkers by analyzing the methylome and metabolome in the Brodmann area 7 of postmortem brain tissues from DLB patients and control subjects using multiomics approaches.MethodsMethylation analysis was performed using the Illumina EPIC array, and metabolomics profiling was conducted via 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and direct injection/liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Differential methylation and metabolite analysis were conducted, followed by pathway enrichment to explore biological relevance.ResultsWe identified 3478 significantly differentially methylated cytosines, mostly hypermethylated, enriched in CpG islands near transcription start sites. Pathway enrichment analysis showed significant pathways, primarily linked to olfactory and synaptic functions. Metabolomics profiling identified 15 significantly altered metabolites, with Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) Biosynthesis being the most affected pathway. Key correlations between differentially methylated cytosines and metabolites, particularly in the PE Biosynthesis pathway involving PTDSS1 and PCYT2 genes, were observed.ConclusionsNotably, sex‐specific differences were found, with females exhibiting more epigenetic and metabolomic changes than males. Increased hypermethylation, linked to transcriptional silencing, and disruptions in PE biosynthesis suggest a role in synaptic dysfunction and olfactory deficits. In addition, α‐aminoadipic acid was strongly associated with vascular functions, hinting at a possible overlap between vascular health and DLB. This study provides new insights into DLB mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. © 2024 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Enhancing tumor radiotherapy sensitivity through metal nanomaterials: A comprehensive review
Authors: Xiao Susu , Wang Xiaoxiao , Chen Bo , Mu Min , Han Bo , Chen Nianyong , Guo Gang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRadiotherapy (RT) plays a crucial role in tumor treatment and is an indispensable therapeutic approach. However, ionizing radiation often damages the normal tissues surrounding the tumor. Therefore, there is an urgent need for effective methods to improve the precision of RT. Nanotechnology has shown potential in enhancing the efficacy and safety of tumor RT. With the continuous development of multifunctional nanomaterials, various nanomaterials have been designed and investigated as radiation enhancers. Metallic nanomaterials are considered as promising radiosensitizers with potential for clinical translation. High atomic number (high‐Z) metal nanoparticles (NPs), such as gold and bismuth, have garnered increasing attention for their ability to enhance the radiation effect, as they can potentially improve RT outcomes. New nanomedicine strategies may help to advance RT. This paper concisely explains the radiation enhancement mechanisms of high‐Z metal NPs. It also enumerates several commonly studied high‐Z metallic nanomaterials used in tumor RT and discusses their potential clinical applications.
Adaptive Data‐Driven Models in Port‐Hamiltonian Form for Control Design
Authors: Junker Annika , Timmermann Julia , Trächtler Ansgar 
Published: December 2024

AbstractControl engineering applications usually require a model that accurately represents the dynamics of the system. In addition to classical physical modeling, powerful data‐driven approaches are gaining popularity. However, the resulting models may not be ideal for control design due to their black‐box structure, which inherently limits interpretability. Formulating the system dynamics in port‐Hamiltonian form is highly beneficial, as its valuable property of passivity enables the straightforward design of globally stable controllers while ensuring physical interpretability. In a recently published article, we presented a method for data‐driven inference of port‐Hamiltonian models for complex mechatronic systems, requiring only fundamental physical prior knowledge. The resulting models accurately represent the nonlinear dynamics of the considered systems and are physically interpretable. In this contribution, we advance our previous work by including two key elements. Firstly, we demonstrate the application of the above described data‐driven PCHD models for controller design. Preserving the port‐Hamiltonian form in the closed loop not only guarantees global stability and robustness but also ensures desired speed and damping characteristics. Since control systems based on output measurements, which are continuously measured during operation due to the feedback structure, we secondly aim to use this data. Thus, we augment the existing modeling strategy with an intelligent adaptation approach to address uncertainties and (un)predictable system changes in mechatronic systems throughout their lifecycle, such as the installation of new components, wear, or temperature fluctuations during operation. Our proposed algorithm for recursively calculated data‐driven port‐Hamiltonian models utilizes a least‐squares approach with extensions such as automatically adjusting the forgetting factor and controlling the covariance matrix trace. We demonstrate the results through model‐based application on an academic example and experimental validation on a test bench.
Effect of linear low density plyethylene on the physico‐mechanical properties of multiphase space domestic waste composites prepared by hot pressing
Authors: Jiang Hui , Liu Xiang , Zhang Junfeng , Tian Ke , Zhou Kanghan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTypical space domestic waste (SWL‐10%, SWL‐25%, SWL‐40%, SWL‐50%) added with different proportions of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) was used as raw material to prepare high‐stability composite materials by heating and compression molding. The hot pressing of LLDPE and space waste not only effectively reduces volume, but also yields composite material with superior physical and mechanical properties. This study investigated the impact of hot pressing process on the stability of composites prepared from multiphase space domestic waste. The physical and mechanical properties of these compressed blocks were analyzed, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed to characterize the composites' properties. Our results demonstrate that BSWL‐40% (hot pressing temperature (160 °C), LLDPE addition ratio (50%)) composite achieves a volume reduction rate as high as 96%, with an initial density increase by 16.1%. Furthermore, the compressive strength and impact strength of BSWL‐50% composites increased by 19% (6.85 MPa) and 71% (14.3 KJ/m2). These improvements can be attributed to enhanced physical/mechanical interlocking structure at a temperature of 160 °C based on SEM analysis findings. Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy also confirmed the presence of ester bonds between LLDPE and space domestic waste materials.Highlights
Solid‐plastic composites were successfully prepared by hot pressing.
LLDPE particles were added to domestic waste for composite fabrication.
The BSWL‐40% composite achieved a high volume reduction of 96%.
The stability of the composite was judged by physical and mechanical properties.
The BSWL‐50% composite exhibited superior mechanical properties.
Mechanical, thermal and morphological analysis of polylactic acid‐woven glass fiber composites fabricated by additive manufacturing
Authors: Dubey Ankit Dhar , Debnath Kishore 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPolylactic acid (PLA), a biodegradable thermoplastic, is being used significantly in a wide range of applications because of its environmentally friendly nature. 3D printing is an innovative technique that is used to fabricate polymer composites with complex contours and high precision. Conventional 3D printing technologies use fiber reinforcement in the form of filament. However, fibers in the form of sheets, when used in composite materials, improve the distribution of load and enhance the multi‐directional strength. This study investigates the improvement in the tensile strength of PLA‐based composite by integrating woven glass fibers (WGF) during 3D printing processing. The composites were fabricated using an FDM‐based 3D printer where the WGF sheet was used as reinforcement and PLA filament was used as the matrix material. The main input parameters consist of the number of WGF layers and the orientation of the WGF. Taguchi orthogonal array was used to fabricate composite samples with different combinations of input parameters and then these samples were tested to evaluate the tensile properties. The finding shows that PLA composites reinforced with four layers of glass fiber at 0/90° fiber orientation showed the highest tensile strength of 52.85 MPa and a thermal degradation temperature of 330.49 °C.Highlights
3D printing of WGF‐PLA composite and mechanical characterization.
The composite specimen showed the highest tensile strength of 52.85 MPa.
The thermal degradation temperature reached 330.49 °C in TGA analysis.
ANN predicted the optimal combination of 4 fiber layers with 0/90° orientation.
Uniform PLA deposition reduced voids and enhanced interlayer adhesion.
Heterostructured Al2O3@BNNS/epoxy‐POSS/epoxy composites with excellent thermal conductivity, dielectric, and thermal properties
Authors: Xie Lei , Zhang Hongqiang , Liu Yujian , Zhang Yan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHigh thermal conductivity (λ) composite with excellent dielectric, mechanical, and thermal properties are critical to the reliability and safety of electrical devices. However, the excessive addition of thermal conductive fillers may lead to severe performance degradation. Heterogeneous structured alumina‐hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (Al2O3@BNNS) fillers were prepared by electrostatic self‐assembly method. Owing to synergistic effect of spherical Al2O3 and sheet BN, and much low interface thermal resistance, λ of the epoxy resin with 20 wt% Al2O3@BNNS2 is raised to 0.84 W·m−1·K−1, 86.67% higher than that of Al2O3/BN/EP composite. Furthermore, epoxy‐based polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (EP‐POSS) was incorporated to further optimize dielectric property of the composite. The λ of the composite is slightly decreased, but the dielectric constant and dielectric loss are reduced to 2.954 and 0.01058, respectively, due to the unique cage structure of EP‐POSS and excellent compatibility of EP‐POSS with the matrix. The composite also exhibits favorable mechanical properties with an impact strength of 86.2 MPa and a bending strength of 7.81 kJ·m−2, as well as outstanding thermal stability, suggesting its promising prospects for advanced electronic devices.Highlights
fAl2O3 and fBNNS electrostatic self‐assemble into heterostructured fillers.
The λ of Al2O3@BNNS2/EP composite is much higher than the others.
The cage‐like EP‐POSS is used to improve dielectric properties of the epoxy resin.
The ε and tanδ of composites at 1 MHz are only 2.954 and 0.01058, respectively.
Processability and properties of cubic‐BaTiO3/poly(vinylidene fluoride) composites for additive manufacturing: From powder compounding to 3D‐printed parts
Authors: Moriche Rocío , Donate Ricardo , Otero Andrea , Santiago‐Andrades Lucía , Monzón Elena , Sayagués María Jesús , Monzón Mario , Paz Rubén 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPoly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) is a piezoelectric and thermoplastic material with great potential for additive manufacturing (AM) applications. Using barium titanate (BaTiO3) as filler, PVDF‐based composite materials were developed, characterized, and processed by AM material extrusion (MEX). The morphological features and phase transformations occurring throughout the processing of BaTiO3‐filled PVDF, from the compounding to the printed part, were analyzed. The morphology of the powder feedstock after dispersion in a high‐energy ball mill changed from spheroidal to laminar and β‐phase formation was favored. Microhardness gradually increased with the BaTiO3 content, obtaining an enhancement of ~60% for a content of 25 vol%, and supported the good dispersion of the filler. A ~48% increase of the dielectric permittivity was also achieved. After extrusion, filaments with a filler content of 15 vol% showed a more stable diameter, as well as higher crystallinity and surface roughness, compared with those with lower BaTiO3 contents. Material extrusion of filament and direct printing of pellets based on MEX were successfully used to obtain AM parts. Composite parts showed enhanced surface roughness, hydrophilicity, and flexural modulus (up to ~33% for the 7 vol% composite compared with the PVDF), thus leading to superior mechanical characteristics and potential biomedical applications.Highlights
Dry high‐energy ball milling was a suitable greener dispersion approach.
MEX processes were successfully used to obtain 3D‐printed parts.
The use of direct printing of pellets/powder improved the 3D printability.
The surface roughness and hydrophilicity increased with the filler content.
The permittivity and elastic modulus increased with the filler content.
Induced structure and its gradient design on energy absorption properties and failure behavior of aluminum/carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene super hybrid tube
Authors: Huaguan Li , Siyi Xiang , Xianglong Sun , Yanyan Lin , Rui Zhou , Wenyi Liu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe metal/fiber super hybrid tube is a mixture of pure metal and carbon fiber structure, featuring both stable energy dissipation of the metal and good energy absorption efficiency of the composite, with greatly improved lightweight. However, the failure mode of the hybrid tube is unstable and prone to Eulerian buckling, which affects its energy absorption performance. In this work, aluminum alloy/carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene super hybrid tube (Al/CFPP super hybrid tube) have been obtained through the addition of an induced structures, which aims at reducing the maximum peak load generated during collision. The effects of induced grooves and holes structure (number of holes, diameter and row number) on the damage and energy absorption were discussed. The results showed that the initial peak load can be effectively reduced by adding an induction groove structure. When the number of induction holes is 4, the diameter is 5 mm, and the number of rows is 1, the initial peak load decreases by 14.06%, and the total energy absorption is basically unchanged. Additionally, the gradient design of the hole diameter and spacing significantly helped guide the gradual failure of the structure, with the initial peak load decreased by 21.98% and the total absorption energy increased by 20.26%.Highlights
Super hybrid structures were developed to improve crashworthiness.
The effect of induced grooves energy absorption was analyzed.
The effect of hole size and quantity energy absorption were analyzed.
A gradient design of hole size and spacing was proposed.
The combined of the induction hole and trigger angle was demonstrated.