bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy: Role of
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
Authors: El-Sehrawy Amr A. , Elkhamisy Enas M. , Badawi Amani E. , Elshahawy Heba A. , Elsayed Eman , Mohammed Nehal T. , El-Eshmawy Mervat M. 
Published: August 2021

Background:
This study was conducted by considering the vital role of Vascular Endothelial
Growth Factor (VEGF) in the development of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) on the one hand
and the frequent association between Subclinical Hypothyroidism (SCH) and DR on the other
hand.

Objective:
The present study was proposed to explore the possible role of VEGF in the relation between
SCH and DR; thus, we investigated the relationship between SCH and VEGF levels in patients
with DR.

Methods:
Two hundred patients with DR were recruited in this study [100 patients with Proliferative
Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR) and 100 patients with Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (NPDR)].
Patients with DR were divided into 2 groups according to thyroid function, patients with
SCH or those with euthyroidism. Patients were subjected to careful history taking and underwent
clinical and ophthalmological examination. Fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting
insulin, Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), TSH, FT4, FT3,
VEGF, and thyroid volume were assessed

Results:
Among all the studied patients, 21.5% (43/200) had SCH. DR patients with SCH had older
age, longer diabetes duration, and higher HbA1c, HOMA-IR, and VEGF than those with euthyroidism.
The frequency of PDR in patients with SCH was 72.1% (31/43) and 43.9% (69/157) in
those with euthyroidism, whereas the frequency of NPDR in patients with SCH was 27.9 (12/43)
and 56.1% (88/157) in those with euthyroidism (P 0.003). In multivariate analysis, PDR, HOMA-
IR, and VEGF levels were the significant predictor variables of SCH.

Conclusions:
Increased VEGF levels may be implicated in the relationship between SCH and DR.
Association between Increased Bcl-2, Fas and FasL Levels and Inflammation Extent in Labial Salivary Glands During Primary Sjögren's Syndrome
Authors: Benchabane Sarah , Slimani-Kaddouri Assia , Acheli Dahbia , Bendimerad-Iratene Thouraya , Mesbah Redouane , Touil-Boukoffa Chafia 
Published: August 2021

Background:Primary Sjögren Syndrome (pSS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by epithelial atrophy, mononuclear infiltration in exocrine glands resulting in the defective function of these glands. In pSS, atrophy of the epithelium is caused by an increased amount of apoptosis.Objective:The main aim of this study is to investigate the role of the apoptosis-related factors by studying Bcl-2, Fas and FasL expression in relation to the extent of inflammation as well as the effect of therapy on the expression of these mediators.Methods:In pSS patients (n=62) documented for their serological and clinical features, Fas, FasL and Bcl-2 plasma levels were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. In the same context, we investigated their expression by immunohistochemistry analysis in the labial salivary glands samples in association with the extent of inflammation.Results:Interestingly, our results indicated that in pSS patients, the plasmatic Bcl-2, Fas and FasL levels, which appeared to be associated with the severity of inflammation and were significantly elevated in comparison to the healthy controls. Moreover, a significant decrease in all these factors was observed in patients after combined corticosteroids-hydroxychloroquine therapy. Importantly, we report a strong positive correlation between Bcl-2 and NO levels. The immunohistochemical staining reveals a strong Bcl-2 expression in infiltrating mononuclear cells and a total absence in the acinar cells. The Bcl-2 level varies according to the severity of pathology. However, the expression of Fas and FasL was less important and predominantly localized in infiltrating mononuclear cells.Conclusion:Our current study highlights the involvement of Bcl-2, Fas and FasL in pSS glands injury. These factors may act as useful predictor markers of a clinical course in pSS, suggesting a novel approach in the pSS patients monitoring.
A Fine-Tuned Bidirectional Encoder Representations From Transformers Model for Food Named-Entity Recognition: Algorithm Development and Validation
Authors: Stojanov Riste , Popovski Gorjan , Cenikj Gjorgjina , Koroušić Seljak Barbara , Eftimov Tome 
Published: August 2021

Background
Recently, food science has been garnering a lot of attention. There are many open research questions on food interactions, as one of the main environmental factors, with other health-related entities such as diseases, treatments, and drugs. In the last 2 decades, a large amount of work has been done in natural language processing and machine learning to enable biomedical information extraction. However, machine learning in food science domains remains inadequately resourced, which brings to attention the problem of developing methods for food information extraction. There are only few food semantic resources and few rule-based methods for food information extraction, which often depend on some external resources. However, an annotated corpus with food entities along with their normalization was published in 2019 by using several food semantic resources.

Objective
In this study, we investigated how the recently published bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) model, which provides state-of-the-art results in information extraction, can be fine-tuned for food information extraction.

Methods
We introduce FoodNER, which is a collection of corpus-based food named-entity recognition methods. It consists of 15 different models obtained by fine-tuning 3 pretrained BERT models on 5 groups of semantic resources: food versus nonfood entity, 2 subsets of Hansard food semantic tags, FoodOn semantic tags, and Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terms food semantic tags.

Results
All BERT models provided very promising results with 93.30% to 94.31% macro F1 scores in the task of distinguishing food versus nonfood entity, which represents the new state-of-the-art technology in food information extraction. Considering the tasks where semantic tags are predicted, all BERT models obtained very promising results once again, with their macro F1 scores ranging from 73.39% to 78.96%.

Conclusions
FoodNER can be used to extract and annotate food entities in 5 different tasks: food versus nonfood entities and distinguishing food entities on the level of food groups by using the closest Hansard semantic tags, the parent Hansard semantic tags, the FoodOn semantic tags, or the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terms semantic tags.
Las licitaciones abiertas internacionales sobre medicamentos
Authors: Cancino Gómez Rodolfo 
Published: August 2021

Ante la declaración de la Organización Mundial de la Salud de la pandemia del COVID-19, cada Estado ha tomado acciones para salvaguardar la salud de las personas y paliar la crisis económica. Esto impactó el Sistema de Salud Pública de México, el cual ya sufría un desabasto importante de medicamentos. De tal forma, está nueva administración instrumentó un modelo de compras consolidadas mediante licitaciones donde acotó la participación sólo a los productores, discriminando contra todos los distribuidores y comercializadores, lo cual incrementó los índices de desabasto. Por tanto, estableció una nueva estrategia mediante un Convenio de Colaboración entre el Gobierno de México y la Oficina de las Naciones Unidas sobre Servicios de Proyectos Especiales (UNOPS) para llevar a cabo licitaciones internacionales y las consecuentes importaciones de medicamentos para combatir el desabasto y el sobreprecio y otros problemas de logística y distribución.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of ABO blood group on the risk of COVID-19 infection
Authors: Balaouras George , Eusebi Paolo , Kostoulas Polychronis 
Published: August 2021

We have been experiencing a global pandemic with baleful consequences
for mankind, since the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
(SARS-CoV-2) was first identified in Wuhan of China, in December 2019.
So far, several potential risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection have
been identified. Among them, the role of ABO blood group polymorphisms
has been studied with results that are still unclear. The aim of this
study was to collect and meta-analyze available studies on the
relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and different blood groups, as
well as Rhesus state. We performed a systematic search on PubMed/MEDLINE
and Scopus databases for published articles and preprints. Twenty-two
studies, after the removal of duplicates, met the inclusion criteria for
meta-analysis with ten of them also including information on Rhesus
factor. The odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were
calculated for the extracted data. Random-effects models were used to
obtain the overall pooled ORs. Publication bias and sensitivity analysis
were also performed. Our results indicate that blood groups A, B and AB
have a higher risk for COVID-19 infection compared to blood group O,
which appears to have a protective effect. An association between Rhesus
state and COVID-19 infection could not be estabished.
Flexural Properties and Polished Surface Characteristics of a Structural Colored Resin Composite
Authors: Mizutani K , Takamizawa T , Ishii R , Shibasaki S , Kurokawa H , Suzuki M , Tsujimoto A , Miyazaki M 
Published: August 2021

SUMMARY

Objective:
The aim of this study was to determine the flexural properties and surface characteristics of a structural colored resin composite after different finishing and polishing methods, in comparison to those of conventional resin composites.

Methods and Materials:
A structural color resin composite, Omnichroma (OM, Tokuyama Corp, Chiyoda City, Tokyo, Japan), and two comparison resin composites, Filtek Supreme Ultra (FS, 3M, St Paul, MN, USA) and Tetric EvoCeram (TE, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein), were used. The flexural properties of the resin composites were determined in accordance with the ISO 4049 specifications. For surface properties, 70 polymerized specimens of each resin composite were prepared and divided into seven groups of 10. Surface roughness (Sa), gloss (GU), and surface free energy (SFE) were investigated after the following finishing and polishing methods. Three groups of specimens were finished with a superfine-grit diamond bur (SFD), and three with a tungsten carbide bur (TCB). After finishing, one of the two remaining groups was polished with a one-step silicone point (CMP), and the other with an aluminum oxide flexible disk (SSD). A group ground with SiC 320-grit was set as a baseline.

Results:
The average flexural strength ranged from 116.6 to 142.3 MPa in the following order with significant differences between each value: FS &gt; TE &gt; OM. The average E ranged from 6.8 to 13.2 GPa in the following order with significant differences between each value: FS &gt; TE &gt; OM. The average R ranged from 0.77 to 1.01 MJ/mm3 in the following order: OM &gt; FS &gt; TE. The Sa values of the OM groups polished with CMP and SSD were found to be significantly lower than those of the other resin composites, regardless of the finishing method. The GU values appeared to be dependent on the material and the finishing method used. The OM specimens polished with SSD showed significantly higher GU values than those polished with CMP. Most of the resin composites polished with SSD demonstrated significantly higher γS values compared to the other groups. Extremely strong negative correlations between Sa and GU in the combined data from the three resin composites and each resin composite and between Sa and γS in the OM specimens were observed; GU showed a strong positive correlation with γS in the same material.

Conclusion:
These findings indicate that both flexural and surface properties are material dependent. Furthermore, the different finishing and polishing methods used in this study were observed to affect the Sa, GU, and SFE of the resin composites.
VARIATIONS OF IRREGULARITY OF EARTH ROTATION AS TRIGGERING FACTOR OF SEISMICITY
Authors: Уткин В.И. , Юрков А.К. , Цурко И.А. 
Published: August 2021

На основании данных каталогов NEIС и IERS рассмотрены связи между неравномерностью скорости вращения Земли и общей сейсмичностью, проявляющуюся в количестве землетрясений за единицу времени. Показано, что сейсмичность Земли увеличивается как при ускорении, так и при замедлении вращения планеты. Дано объяснение факту возникновения почти одновременно роя землетрясений, расположенных в различных точках земного шара. Показано, что между изменением скорости вращения и началом процесса землетрясения проходит 2 и более суток, что дает возможность организации краткосрочного прогноза тектонического события.
On the basis of data of NEIC and IERS catalogues correlation between irregularity of Earth rotation and global seismicity as a number of earthquakes per time unit is considered. It is shown that Earth seismicity increases with acceleration as well as with retardation of planet rotation. Explanation of simultaneous earthquake swarm in different points of Earth is given. It is shown that there is 2 days interval between change of rotation velocity and earthquake process which gives possibility of short-term forecast of tectonic events
STRONG MOTION DATABASE DEVELOPMENT BASED ON CONTEMPORARY IDEOLOGY
Authors: Заалишвили В.Б. , Харебов К.С. , Харебов А.К. 
Published: August 2021

В работе рассмотрена структура и принципы построения базы данных сильных движений созданной на основе инструментальных записей землетрясений системы KNET с 1996 г по 2012 г.
The structure and principles of strong motion database construction based on instrumental system KNET records of earthquakes from 1996 till 2012 is considered.
GEOPHYSICAL BASIS OF ENGINEERING EARTHQUAKE PROTECTION OF RESPONSIBLE CONSTRUCTION OBJECTS
Authors: Заалишвили В.Б. , Кранцфельд Я.Л. 
Published: August 2021

Для создания систем экранирования с целью снижения уровня воздействия при сильных землетрясениях необходимо знание вида и физического состояния грунтовой толщи. Таким показателем являются скорости распространения продольных и поперечных волн в том или ином виде грунта и находящимся в некотором состоянии. На основе большого анализа фактического материала были составлены гистограммы распределения значений скоростей, как в различного вида грунтах, так и в грунтах одного вида, с различны- ми физико-механическими показателями. Наличие большого фактического материала позволило получить корреляционные зависимости между плотностью и скоростью распространения поперечных волн. Наличие подобных данных, позволяющих прогнозировать вероятностные значения скоростей поперечных волн и отсюда, со- ответствующих плотностей грунтов, позволяет повысить обоснованность и контролируемость их значений, как при работах по экранированию зданий и сооружений, а также при оценках сейсмической опасности грунтов.
To create a shielding system with a purpose of impact level reduction at strong earthquakes, it is necessary to know the type and physical condition of the ground layer. Velocities of stress and shear waves in one or another form of the soil being in a certain state are such indicators. The histograms of velocity values were composed on the basis of wide analysis of factual material, as in various types of soils so in soils of one type, with different physical and mechanical properties. The availability of a lot of factual material made it possible to obtain correlations between density and propagation velocity of shear waves. The availability of such data that allows to predict the probability values of shear wave velocities and hence the corresponding densities of the soil, can improve the validity and accountability of their values, as when working on shielding of buildings and constructions so for assessment of seismic hazard soils.
THE QUA NTITATIVE ASSESSMENTS OF THE SEISMIC RISK
Authors: Джинчвелашвили Г.А. , Мкртычев О.В. , Келешев М.Ф. 
Published: August 2021

В статье рассмотрены понятия сейсмического риска и дана методика расчета вероятности отказа сооружения при землетрясении. Многовековой опыт борьбы с последствиями землетрясений, накоплен- ный человечеством, свидетельствует о том, что наиболее действенный способ их минимизации состоит в проведении заблаговременных и масштабных антисейсмических мероприятий еще при строительстве на сейсмоопасных территориях. Антисейсмические мероприятия априори нуждаются в дополнительных затратах в сравнении со строительством в несейсмических районах. С точки зрения эффективности таких затрат они должны оправдываться снижением вероятных потерь (рисков ущерба) от землетрясений
The concepts of seismic risk are examined and the procedure of calculation of the probability of the failure of construction with the earthquake is given. Centuries-old experience of fight with the consequences of earthquakes, accumulated by humanity, attests to the fact that the most efficient method of their minimization consists of taking of advance and scale antiseismic measures even with the building on the earthquake-hazard territories. Antiseismic measures a priori need additional expenditures in the comparison with the building in the nonseismic regions. From the point of view of the effectiveness of such expenditures they must be justified by reduction in the probable losses (risks of damage) from the earthquakes.
TECHNOGENIC SEISMICITY ON THE PETROLEUM DEPOSITS of TSNO
Authors: Керимов И.А. , Ахматханов Р.С. 
Published: August 2021

В статье рассмотрены вопросы современной геодинамики и техногенной сейсмичности Старогрозненского, Октябрьского и Гудермесского нефтяных месторождений. Обоснована необходимость создания геодинамических полигонов для изучения связей сейсмичности с процессами разработки нефтяных месторождений.
In the article are examined questions of contemporary geodynamics and technogenic seismicity of Starogroznenski, Oktiabrski and Gudermesski petroleum deposits. The need of creating the geodynamic ranges for studying the connections of the seismicity of the processes of development of petroleum deposits is substantiated
STRUCTURAL POSITION AND THE PROBLEMS OF MUD VOLCANISM CENTERS APPEARANCE IN THE POST ALPINE PLICATED CONSTRUCTION OF THE NORTH-WESTERN CAUCASUS (BASED ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE STUDY OF THE DEEP STRUCTURE OF THE MUD VOLCANO SHUGO)
Authors: Рогожин Е.А. , Собисевич А.Л. , Собисевич Л.Е. , Тверитинова Т.Ю. 
Published: August 2021

Большинство грязевых вулканов расположено вдоль крупных тектонических зон Средиземномор- ского и Тихоокеанского подвижного поясов. Важным условием грязевулканических процессов являются складчатые деформации и дизъюнктивная дислоцированность осадочных образований. Вулкан Шуго один из наиболее известных действующих грязевых вулканов Таманской грязевулканической провинции в северо-западной периклинальной части альпийского складчатого сооружения Большого Кавказа. На фоне относительно спокойного характера этого грязевого вулкана в 1903, 1908 и 2006 гг. наблюдались кратковременные бурные извержения. Новые геофизические данные о глубинном строении вулкана Шуго расширяют наши представления о механизмах деятельности данного геологического объекта с учётом имеющихся материалов о его структурно-геологической позиции. В ходе полевых работ нами уточнено глубинное строение и получены данные о трещинно-разрывных структурах вулканической постройки, позволяющие перейти к рассмотрению тектодинамических условий формирования вулкана Шуго.
The majority of mud volcanoes is located along the large tectonic zones of Mediterranean and Pacific Ocean mobile belts. The important condition for mud volcanoes processes are plicated deformations and disjunctive dislocation of sedimentary formations. Volcano Shugo one of the most known active mud volcanoes of Taman mud volcanoes province in the North-Western periclinal part of the Alpine plicated construction of the Great Caucasus. The volcano has relatively calm nature , but in 1903, 1908 and 2006 yr. short-term stormy eruptions were observed.The new geophysical data about the deep structure of the Shugo volcano enlarge our ideas about the mechanisms of this geological object activity taking into account available material about its structural- geological position. Duringthe field works we have refined its deep structure and acquired data about the interstitial- explosive structures of the volcanic building, which make it possible to pass to the examination of the tekto-dynamical conditions for the formation of the Shugo volcano
SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE FRESH UNDERGROUND WATER SUPPLIES ESTIMATION ACCORDING TO THE SOURCE KAURIDON (RSO-ALANIYA)
Authors: Джгамадзе А.К. 
Published: August 2021

Рассмотрены результаты работ по оценке запасов пресных подземных вод по источнику Кауридон. Выход источника является устьем р. Кауридон правого притока р. Геналдон и находится в 2,8 км к югу от с. Старая Саниба Пригородного района РСО-Алания. Дебит источника в разные периоды года колеблется от 120 до 243 л/сек. Каптажным устройством выход источника не оборудован. Создан лишь водосбор, позволяющий с помощью рамочного водослива производить замеры дебита источника. По источнику в 20092010 гг. были проведены гидрогеологические разведочные работы. Их целью являлось прове- дение гидрогеологических исследований на участке недр для обеспечения хозяйственно-питьевых нужд с. Старая Саниба (183,8 м3/сутки) и производственного водоснабжения (промышленный розлив), недро- пользователя (ООО Техноир ), в количестве 1544,2 м3/сутки, с подсчетом запасов подземных вод. По ре- зультатам работ произведена госэкспертиза запасов и утверждены запасы пресных подземных вод Госу- дарственной комиссией по запасам полезных ископаемых (ГКЗ Роснедра ), в количестве 1728 м3/сутки. Проведенные работы способствуют расширить представления о подземных водах Горной Осетии, в целом, и рассматривать их как достаточно перспективные для хозяйственно-питьевого водоснабжения горных сел, а также, в виду высоких качественных показателей, для промышленного розлива
Are examined The results of works on the fresh underground water supplies estimation on the basis of the Kauridon source. The output of source is mouth r. Kauridon right tributary r. Genaldon is found in 2,8 km to the south from Old Saniba village of the Prigorodny disttrict of RNO-Alaniya. The debit of source in the different periods of year varies from 120 to 243 l/s. The output of source is not equipped with capping device. Is created only the drainage basin, which makes it possible with the aid of the frame spillway to produce the measurements of the source debit. On the source in 20092010 yr. hydrogeological reconnaissance works were carried out. Their purpose was conducting hydrogeological studies in the cite depths for guaranteeing the household drinking needs of Old Saniba village (183,8 m3/day) and production water supply (industrial bottling) by subsoil user (OOO Tekhnoir ), in a quantity of 1544,2 m3/day, with the calculation of the supplies of underground water. According to the results of works is produced reserves state examination and the supplies of fresh underground water by state commission for material wealth (GKZ Of rosnedra ) are affirmed in a quantity of 1728 m3/day. The carried out works contribute to enlarge ideas about the underground waters of mountain Osetia, as a whole, and to consider them as sufficiently promising for the household drinking water supply of mountain villages, and also, in the form of high quality indicators, for industrial bottling