bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of active molecules of Korean pine seed on rodent health and implications for forest regeneration
Authors: Wei Gang , Rong Ke , Yang Kexin , Bao Zhiying , Zhang Xiaotong , Zhang Zhi , Gong Yanni , Wang Jiafu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAfter maturation, Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc.) seeds often cannot disperse to reach a suitable germination site. It is therefore difficult to naturally regenerate by itself and relies on animal dispersal. Squirrels hoard pine seeds as winter food and Korean pine seeds stored for overwintering might become the source of regeneration of the species. From field observations, the pine seeds are the food preference for squirrels during autumn in the Lesser Khingan Mountains in Northeast China. Such preference by squirrels has been attributed to high seed energy content and the ease of seed storage. However, it may also be expected from nutritional aspects that a coevolutionary relationship between squirrels and Korean pine species could be partially explained by the effect of active seed components and their physiological regulatory effects on squirrels. To test this hypothesis, control experiments were carried out to examine the modulatory effects of Korean pine nut oil (PNO) on intestinal microbiota, inflammatory profile and oxidative stress in mice. The results showed that, compared with mice fed a high-fat diet, PNO significantly improved the physical and the healthy state of mice. Histological analysis of the liver and epididymal fat tissue showed that PNO alleviated liver and adipocyte lesions, and inflammation caused by high-fat diets. PNO also significantly decreased atherosclerotic index and ameliorate serum lipid accumulation to prevent cardiovascular disease, which effect the positive control SG group. Moreover, PNO elevated superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase enzyme activities and reduced malondialdehyde levels in the serum. 16S rRNA sequencing showed that PNO restored intestinal microbiota composition, significantly increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Akkermansia bacteria. These results suggest that Korean pine seeds not only provide adequate fat, protein and energy for squirrels, but also promote physical health and improve body immunity.
18F-FDG PET/CT in Infective Endocarditis: Indications and Approaches for Standardization
Authors: ten Hove D. , Slart R.H.J.A. , Sinha B. , Glaudemans A.W.J.M. , Budde R.P.J. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Additional imaging modalities, such as FDG-PET/CT, have been included into the workup for patients with suspected infective endocarditis, according to major international guidelines published in 2015. The purpose of this review is to give an overview of FDG-PET/CT indications and standardized approaches in the setting of suspected infective endocarditis.

Recent Findings
There are two main indications for performing FDG-PET/CT in patients with suspected infective endocarditis: (i) detecting intracardiac infections and (ii) detection of (clinically silent) disseminated infectious disease. The diagnostic performance of FDG-PET/CT for intracardiac lesions depends on the presence of native valves, prosthetic valves, or implanted cardiac devices, with a sensitivity that is poor for native valve endocarditis and cardiac device-related lead infections, but much better for prosthetic valve endocarditis and cardiac device-related pocket infections. Specificity is high for all these indications. The detection of disseminated disease may also help establish the diagnosis and/or impact patient management.

Summary
Based on current evidence, FDG-PET/CT should be considered for detection of disseminated disease in suspected endocarditis. Absence of intracardiac lesions on FDG-PET/CT cannot rule out native valve endocarditis, but positive findings strongly support the diagnosis. For prosthetic valve endocarditis, standard use of FDG-PET/CT is recommended because of its high sensitivity and specificity. For implanted cardiac devices, FDG-PET/CT is also recommended, but should be evaluated with careful attention to clinical context, because its sensitivity is high for pocket infections, but low for lead infections. In patients with prosthetic valves with or without additional aortic prosthesis, combination with CTA should be considered. Optimal timing of FDG-PET/CT is important, both during clinical workup and technically (i.e., post tracer injection). In addition, procedural standardization is key and encompasses patient preparation, scan acquisition, reconstruction, subsequent analysis, and clinical interpretation. The recommendations discussed here will hopefully contribute to improved standardization and enhanced performance of FDG-PET/CT in the clinical management of patients with suspected infective endocarditis.
Sleeping over moral dilemmas modulates utilitarian decision-making
Authors: Cellini Nicola , Mercurio Marco , Sarlo Michela 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMoral decision-making depends on the interaction between emotional and cognitive control processes, which are also affected by sleep. Here we aimed to assess the potential role of sleep in the modulation of moral decisions over time by testing the change in behavioral responses to moral dilemmas over time (1 week). Thirty-five young adults were tested twice, with one week between the sessions. In each session, participants were presented with 24 sacrificial (12 Footbridge- and 12 Trolley-type) and 6 everyday-type moral dilemmas. In sacrificial dilemmas, participants had to choose whether or not to kill one person to save more people (utilitarian choice), to judge how morally acceptable the proposed solution was, and how they felt in terms of valence and arousal during the decision. In everyday-type dilemmas, they had to decide whether to pursuit moral violations involving dishonest behavior. Between the sessions, the participants’ sleep pattern was assessed via actigraphy. We observed that participants reduced the utilitarian choices in the second session, and this effect was more pronounced for the Trolley-type dilemmas. We also showed that after a week participants judged the utilitarian choices as less morally acceptable, but there was no change in self-reported emotional reactivity (i.e., valence, and arousal). Moreover, sleep efficiency was mildly negatively associated with the changes in decision choices and moral acceptability for the Footbridge-type dilemmas. Taken together, our data suggest that dealing with a moral situation engages several interacting factors that seem to go beyond the competing roles of cognitive and emotional processes.
Fast Detection of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural in Dulce de Leche by SPE-LC–MS
Authors: Imperiale Sebastian , Morozova Ksenia , Ferrentino Giovanna , Alam Md Rizvi , Scampicchio Matteo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis research paper investigates the use of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) as marker for the heat treatment of spreadable dairy creams (dulce de leche, DL). The proposed method applies solid-phase extraction (SPE) with final analysis by liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (SPE-LC–MS). The method was successfully applied to analyze spreadable dairy creams prepared by hot melt extrusion using different heating temperatures from 100 to 130 °C. The concentrations of 5-HMF correlated linearly with the applied temperatures, with a signal response in the range from 0.5 to 100 μM (R2 = 0.9997). The limit of detection (LOD) was 1.54 ± 0.03 µM with a precision of 1.77%. The results were compared with the analysis of 5-HMF in spreadable dairy creams using reference methods for the determination of 5-HMF in milk products. These methods mainly employed acid digestion and derivatization as pre-processing steps and determined 5-HMF spectrophotometrically and via HPLC–UV. These resulted in higher LOD (2.99 and 2.01 μΜ) and less precision (4.44 and 2.09%) compared to the proposed method. Furthermore, the proposed pre-processing procedure was faster by omitting the acid digestion and derivatization steps and by employing SPE.
Long-term residual cardiovascular risk after acute coronary syndrome: antithrombotic treatment options
Authors: Chan Pin Yin D. R. P. P. , ten Berg J. M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe residual risk of patients surviving until 1 year after acute coronary syndromes (ACS) is still high, despite secondary prevention. The cornerstone of treatment of patients with ACS is dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) consisting of low-dose aspirin and a P2Y12 inhibitor (clopidogrel, prasugrel or ticagrelor) for 12 months, or less in those patients at higher risk for bleeding. To reduce the residual risk beyond 1 year in those patients not at high bleeding risk who tolerated DAPT and did not suffer an (ischaemic or bleeding) event would intuitively mean to prolong DAPT. However, prolonged DAPT always comes at the cost of more bleeding. Therefore, assessing both ischaemic and bleeding risk in these patients at 1 year after ACS is crucial. In addition, another antithrombotic treatment consisting of low-dose rivaroxaban combined with low-dose aspirin has been shown to reduce ischaemic events. In this review, we describe residual thrombotic risk at 1 year after ACS, evaluate the evidence for antithrombotic options beyond 1 year and provide a practical guide to determine which patients would benefit the most from these therapies.
Psychological Resources and Biomarkers of Health in the Context of Chronic Parenting Stress
Authors: Crosswell Alexandra D. , Sagui-Henson Sara , Prather Aric A. , Coccia Michael , Irwin Michael R. , Epel Elissa S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundEpidemiological studies link psychological resources to better physical health. One reason may be that psychological resources are protective in stressful contexts. This study tested whether indeed psychological resources are protective against biological degradation for healthy mid-life women under the chronic stress of caring for a child with an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis (“caregivers”).MethodsWe tested whether five types of psychosocial resources (i.e., eudaimonic well-being, autonomy, purpose in life, self-acceptance, and mastery) were associated with biological indices of aging in a sample of mid-life women stratified by chronic stress; half were caregivers (n = 92) and half were mothers of neurotypical children (n = 91; controls). Selected stress and age related biological outcomes were insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), systemic inflammation (IL-6, CRP), and cellular aging (leukocyte telomere length). We tested whether each resource was associated with these biomarkers, and whether caregiving status and high parenting stress moderated that relationship.ResultsAll the psychological resources except mastery were significantly negatively associated with insulin resistance, while none were related to systemic inflammation or telomere length. The relationships between eudaimonic well-being and HOMA-IR, and self-acceptance and HOMA-IR, were moderated by parental stress; lower resources were associated with higher insulin resistance, but only for women reporting high parental stress. The well-known predictors of age and BMI accounted for 46% of variance in insulin resistance, and psychological resources accounted for an additional 13% of variance. ConclusionThese findings suggest that higher eudaimonic well-being and greater self-acceptance may be protective for the metabolic health of mid-life women, and particularly in the context of high parenting stress. This has important implications given the rising rates of both parental stress and metabolic disease, and because psychological interventions can increase eudaimonic well-being and self-acceptance.
Wrist actigraphic approach in primary, secondary and tertiary care based on the principles of predictive, preventive and personalised (3P) medicine
Authors: Acker Jens , Golubnitschaja Olga , Büttner-Teleaga Antje , Richter Kneginja 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Sleep quality and duration as well as activity-rest-cycles at individual level are crucial for maintaining physical and mental health. Although several methods do exist to monitor these parameters, optimal approaches are still under consideration and technological development. Wrist actigraphy is a non-invasive electro-physical method validated in the field of chronobiology to record movements and to allow for monitoring human activity-rest-cycles. Based on the continuous recording of motor activity and light exposure, actigraphy provides valuable information about the quality and quantity of the sleep–wake rhythm and about the amount of motor activity at day and night that is highly relevant for predicting a potential disease and its targeted prevention as well as personalisation of medical services provided to individuals in suboptimal health conditions and patients. Being generally used in the field of sleep medicine, actigraphy demonstrates a great potential to be successfully implemented in primary, secondary and tertiary care, psychiatry, oncology, and intensive care, military and sports medicines as well as epidemiological monitoring of behavioural habits as well as well-being medical support, amongst others.

Prediction of disease development and individual outcomes
Activity-rest-cycles have been demonstrated to be an important predictor for many diseases including but not restricted to the development of metabolic, psychiatric and malignant pathologies. Moreover, activity-rest-cycles directly impact individual outcomes in corresponding patient cohorts.

Targeted prevention
Data acquired by actigraphy are instrumental for the evidence-based targeted prevention by analysing individualised patient profiles including light exposure, sleep duration and quality, activity-rest-cycles, intensity and structure of motion pattern.

Personalised therapy
Wrist actigraphic approach is increasingly used in clinical care. Personalised measurements of sedation/agitation rhythms are useful for ICU patients, for evaluation of motor fatigue in oncologic patients, for an individual enhancement of performance in military and sport medicine. In the framework of personalised therapy intervention, patients can be encouraged to optimise their behavioural habits improving recovery and activity patterns. This opens excellent perspectives for the sleep-inducing medication and stimulants replacement as well as for increasing the role of participatory medicine by visualising and encouraging optimal behavioural patterns of the individual.
Water treatment technology performance for chemical enhanced oil recovery: modeling, simulation and optimization
Authors: Chemil Mahdi , Zizi Zahia , Drouiche Nadjib , Khodja Mohamed , Hadji Moundher 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe use of ASP (alkali–surfactant–polymer) slug could be affected by the use of high hardness water, especially when injecting an alkaline agent (Na2CO3). The injection water quality of the TFT field is not adequate for cEOR (chemical enhanced oil recovery), because it contains a high hardness rate up to 160°f (report DC R&D 2019). With a TDS rate varying between 4 and 6 g/l, it could cause a formation of insoluble complexes with alkaline agents, and on the other hand, the decrease in the performances of the injected surfactants and polymers. In this work, a simulation study was carried out in order to identify the most adequate treatment process between NF (nanofiltration) and RO (reverse osmoses). The performance of the 4040 type membrane modules has been tested under different operating conditions of temperature and feed pressure (25°–45°) and (3.1–22 bar), respectively. Several membrane configurations (6:0, 4:2) have been tested to determine their effect on the process’ performance. The results showed that the NF90 4040 presents the best performances toward the requirements of the cEOR. Furthermore, the membrane configuration effects the quality of permeate and recovery rate. The results showed a rejection rate of 90% and 95%, respectively, for the total hardness (Ca2+ and Mg2+) and the sulfate.
Terroir products: a movable heritage feast?
Authors: West Harry G. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis article seeks to de-naturalise the idea of terroir by questioning the assumption that relations between product, people and place are static and durable. It asks what perspectives might be gained by focusing on instances of movement, fluidity, and instability of these three elements and of relationships between them. Whereas terroir contests the idea that anything can be made anywhere by asserting that place and context matter, and whereas anthropologists of space and place critique the essentialisation and naturalisation of place by arguing that, in the context of a globalised world, movement matters, I argue that movement is in fact a crucial element of people’s very engagement with place in many productive traditions.
The Politics of Affirmative Consent: Considerations from a Gender and Sexuality Studies Perspective
Authors: Torenz Rona 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWhile "no means no" considers sex as consensual until someone says no, "yes means yes" defines sex only then as consensual when all parties have explicitly agreed. Consent is thus positively determined by the presence of a yes and no longer negatively determined by the absence of a no. "Yes means yes" thus not only sets the limit as to when sex becomes sexual violence, it also tells us how morally "correct" sex should look like. In the first part I will give an insight into debates about affirmative consent in the US and Germany. In the following, I will work out how affirmative consent misjudges the subjectifying functioning of sexual power relations. I will show that the understanding of affirmative consent is based on a gendered giver-receiver grammar of consent, which stabilizes heteronormative notions of female sexuality as passive and male sexuality as active. Based on the results of conversational analytical studies on sexual communication, I will argue that the politics of affirmative consent underestimates the internalization of heteronormative discourses in sexual subjects.
Populist Framing Mechanisms and the Rise of Right-wing Activism in Brazil
Authors: Dias Tayrine , von Bülow Marisa , Gobbi Danniel 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTThis article presents an analysis of the use of populist framing mechanisms by grassroots right-wing organizations. It brings together the social movement literature on framing and the populist literature to understand how actors build an emergent field of activism in a highly contentious context. Based on the analysis of a sample of 4,574 Facebook posts published by 5 civil society organizations during the campaign to oust Brazilian president Dilma Rousseff, it argues that two mechanisms, reductionism and antagonism, enabled actors to focus on similar targets and diagnostics while maintaining relevant differences when seeking to motivate followers and present prognostic frames. These were key mechanisms used by all the actors, albeit with different contents, depending on the frame task. This article contributes to filling gaps in the framing and populist literatures and sheds light on the relevance of populist communication in the rise of right-wing activism.
UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON QUATERNARY ISOTOPE LABORATORY RETROSPECTIVE
Authors: Reimer Paula J , Braziunas Thomas F , Brown Thomas A , Burk Robert L , Furutani Tracy , Greenlee Diana , Grootes Pieter M , Quay Paul D , Stuiver Ingrid 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTThe Quaternary Isotope Laboratory (QIL) at the University of Washington was launched in 1969 and directed by Minze Stuiver until his retirement in 1998. Here we review some of the scientific work undertaken in the QIL and the memories of some of Minze’s former students and colleagues.
EXTREME POINT METHODS IN THE STUDY OF ISOMETRIES ON CERTAIN NONCOMMUTATIVE SPACES
Authors: DE JAGER PIERRE , CONRADIE JURIE 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we characterize surjective isometries on certain classes of noncommutative spaces associated with semi-finite von Neumann algebras: the Lorentz spaces
$L^{w,1}$
, as well as the spaces
$L^1+L^\infty$
and
$L^1\cap L^\infty$
. The technique used in all three cases relies on characterizations of the extreme points of the unit balls of these spaces. Of particular interest is that the representations of isometries obtained in this paper are global representations.
Escherichia coli bloodstream infections in the western interior of British Columbia, Canada: a population-based cohort study
Authors: MacKinnon Melissa C. , McEwen Scott A. , Pearl David L. , Parfitt Elizabeth C. , Pasquill Kelsey , Steele Lisa , Laupland Kevin B. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Our population-based study objectives were to describe characteristics and outcomes of Escherichia coli bloodstream infections (BSIs), and to evaluate factors associated with outcomes. We included incident E. coli BSIs from western interior residents (British Columbia, Canada; 04/2010–03/2020). We obtained data including patient demographics, location of onset, infection focus, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), antimicrobial resistance, 30-day all-cause mortality and length of hospital stay (LOS). Using multivariable logistic regression models fitted with generalised estimating equations, we estimated factors associated with 30-day mortality and long post-infection LOS (>75th percentile). We identified 1080 incident E. coli BSIs in 1009 patients. The crude incidence and 30-day mortality rates were 59.1 BSIs and 6.8 deaths/100 000 person-years, respectively. The 30-day case fatality risk was 11.5%. Compared to community-acquired E. coli BSIs, either healthcare-associated or nosocomial cases had higher odds of 30-day mortality. Older cases, non-urogenital BSI foci and CCI ⩾ 3 had higher odds of 30-day mortality compared to younger cases, urogenital foci and CCI < 3. In patients that survived to discharge, those with extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli BSIs, nosocomial BSIs, and CCI ⩾ 3 had higher odds of long post-infection LOS compared to those with non-ESBL-producing, community-acquired and healthcare-associated, and CCI < 3. There is a substantial disease burden from E. coli BSIs.
ON EDGE-PRIMITIVE GRAPHS WITH SOLUBLE EDGE-STABILIZERS
Authors: HAN HUA , LIAO HONG CI , LU ZAI PING 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA graph is edge-primitive if its automorphism group acts primitively on the edge set, and
$2$
-arc-transitive if its automorphism group acts transitively on the set of
$2$
-arcs. In this paper, we present a classification for those edge-primitive graphs that are
$2$
-arc-transitive and have soluble edge-stabilizers.
Peak Runoff Timing Is Linked to Global Warming Trajectories
Authors: Xu Donghui , Ivanov Valeriy Y. , Li Xiuyuan , Troy Tara J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe earth's hydroclimate is continuing to change, and the corresponding impacts on water resource space‐time distribution need to be understood to mitigate their socioeconomic consequences. A variety of ecosystem services, transport processes, and human activities are synced with the timing of peak annual runoff. To understand the influence of changing hydroclimate on peak runoff dates across the continental United States, we downscaled outputs of 10 Global Circulation Models for different future scenarios. Our results quantify robust spatial patterns of both negative (up to 3–5 weeks) and positive (up to 2–4 weeks) shifts in the dates of peak annual runoff occurrence by the end of this century. In snowmelt‐dominated areas, annual maxima are projected to shift to earlier dates due to the corresponding changes in snow accumulation timing. For regions in which the occurrence of springtime extreme soil wetness shifts to later time, we find that peak annual runoff is also projected to be delayed. These patterns of runoff timing change tend to be more pronounced for projections of higher greenhouse concentration in the future.