bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unresolved taxonomy confounds invasive species identification: theLysmata vittataStimpson, 1860 (Decapoda: Caridea: Lysmatidae) species complex and recent introduction ofLysmata vittatasensu stricto in the western Atlantic
Authors: Aguilar Robert , Prakash Sanjeevi , Ogburn Matthew B , Lohan Katrina M Pagenkopp , MacDonald Kenneth S , Driskell Amy C , Ahyong Shane T , Leray Matthieu , McIlroy Shelby E , Tuckey Troy D , Baeza J Antonio 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPeppermint shrimp resembling Lysmata vittataStimpson, 1860, a species native to the Indo-West Pacific, were found in the lower Chesapeake Bay and adjacent coastal embayments in 2013, representing the first recorded introduction of this species in the northwestern Atlantic. Conflicting morphological descriptions, inconsistent morphological terminology, and limited molecular data (i.e., unresolved taxonomy), as well as the destruction of the type material of L. vittata, created uncertainty regarding proper identification. We provide the first phylogeny incorporating individuals from across the presumed native and introduced range of L. vittata. Morphological and phylogenetic analyses clearly indicate L. vittata represents a species complex of two widely divergent groups: 1) “Bruce Type” with a uniramous dorsal antennule that agrees with A.J. Bruce’s 1990 redescription of L. vittata, and 2) “Rauli Type” with a one-article accessory branch on the dorsal antennule that agrees most closely with the junior synonym L. rauliLaubenheimer & Rhyne, 2010. Given the taxonomic ambiguity surrounding L. vittata, we designate the individual used by A.J. Bruce to redescribe L. vittata and incorporated in our analyses as a neotype to fix the identity of this species. We therefore identify introduced North American and New Zealand populations as L. vittata sensu stricto and postulate that the native range spans temperate/subtropical East Asia. These data suggest that L. rauli is a valid species, which includes a possible undescribed sister species. We confirm the presence of L. californicaStimpson, 1866 in New Zealand, the first non-native record for this species. We also provide data suggesting L. disparHayashi, 2007 may be more widespread in the Indo-West Pacific than currently known and consider L. lipkeiOkuno & Fiedler, 2010 to be a likely junior synonym.
Attraction of the Mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) to a 3-Part Phytochemical Blend in a Mesocosm
Authors: Hutcheson Robert P , Ebrahimi Babak , Njiru Basilio N , Foster Woodbridge A , Jany William 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Aedes aegypti (L.) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) mosquitoes of both sexes were attracted to a 3-part volatile synthetic phytochemical blend but differed according to their component ratios, 7:3:2 or 1:1:1, and their initial concentrations. These arbovirus vectors were presented with the blends as baits in paired baited and blank CFG traps in a large greenhouse mesocosm. Ae. aegypti attraction was highest at a 7:3:2 blend ratio, but at a concentration half that found most effective for an anopheline mosquito species in outdoor screenhouses. Both lower and higher concentrations yielded substantially lower attraction scores for Ae. aegypti. By contrast, the few tests conducted on Ae. albopictus showed that it was not as sensitive to concentration, but again it was more responsive to the 7:3:2 ratio of components than to the 1:1:1 ratio. The two sexes of both species were represented equally in the trap catches, indicating the potential value of this and similar attractive blends for population surveillance and control of Aedes mosquitoes.
Multisite Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections Detected by Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in a Child with Aplastic Anemia: A Case Report
Authors: Lai Shu-yu , Liu Fang , Chang Li , Che Guang-lu , Yang Qiu-xia , Jiang Yong-mei , Teng Jie 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Microbial cultivation is the current gold standard for the clinical diagnosis of bacterial infections. However, this method sometimes produces false negative results. We present a case study of multisite Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections detected by metagenomic next-generation sequencing in a child with aplastic anemia, highlighting the rapid and accurate advantages of this technique.
Exoplanet detection using machine learning
Authors: Malik Abhishek , Moster Benjamin P , Obermeier Christian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We introduce a new machine learning based technique to detect exoplanets using the transit method. Machine learning and deep learning techniques have proven to be broadly applicable in various scientific research areas. We aim to exploit some of these methods to improve the conventional algorithm based approaches presently used in astrophysics to detect exoplanets. Using the time-series analysis library TSFresh to analyse light curves, we extracted 789 features from each curve, which capture the information about the characteristics of a light curve. We then used these features to train a gradient boosting classifier using the machine learning tool lightgbm. This approach was tested on K2 campaign 7 data with injected artificial transit signals, which showed that it is competitive compared to the conventional box least squares fitting (BLS) method. We further found that our method produced comparable results to existing state-of-the-art deep learning models, while being much more computationally efficient and without needing folded and secondary views of the light curves. For Kepler data, the method is able to predict a planet with an AUC of 0.948, so that 94.8 per cent of the true planet signals are ranked higher than non-planet signals. The resulting recall is 0.96, so that 96 per cent of real planets are classified as planets. For the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) data, we found our method can classify light curves with an accuracy of 0.98, and is able to identify planets with a recall of 0.82 at a precision of 0.63.
Efficacy and safety of high-dose of mycophenolate mofetil compared with cyclophosphamide pulse therapy as induction therapy in Japanese patients with proliferative lupus nephritis
Authors: Ohkubo Naoaki , Iwata Shigeru , Nakano Kazuhisa , Miyagawa Ippei , Hanami Kentaro , Fukuyo Shunsuke , Miyazaki Yusuke , Kawabe Akio , Nakayamada Shingo , Tanaka Yoshiya 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To clarify the effectiveness and safety of induction therapy with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in patients with lupus nephritis (LN).

Methods
Patients with LN administered MMF (n = 35) or intravenous cyclophosphamide pulse therapy (IVCY) (n = 25) plus high-dose corticosteroids between July 2015 and June 2020 were included. MMF was increased from 2 to 3 g/day, with no adverse events (AEs). The primary endpoint was the 6 month renal remission rate. Secondary endpoints were retention rate and AEs.

Results
There were no significant differences in age, sex, disease duration, renal histological type, SLE disease activity index, and urine protein creatinine ratio between the two groups. Twenty-six patients (74%) continued with MMF therapy, whereas 12 (48%) completed six IVCY courses. The retention rate was significantly higher in the MMF than in the IVCY group (p = 0.048). Twenty-four and 14 patients in MMF and IVCY groups, respectively, achieved renal remission with insignificant differences. Grade 3 or higher AEs were observed in 8 and 14 patients in the MMF and IVCY groups, respectively (p = 0.014).

Conclusions
The efficacy of high-dose MMF was comparable to that of IVCY in Japanese patients with proliferative LN, with fewer AEs and a higher retention rate than IVCY, suggesting the high tolerability of MMF.
Blenderized formulations in home enteral nutrition: a narrative review about challenges in nutritional security and food safety
Authors: Santos Daiane Costa dos , Ataide Carla Daniela Gomes , Mota da Costa Nair , Oliveira Junior Valtemir Paula de , Egea Mariana Buranelo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Blenderized formulations (BFs) are prepared by homogenization of food that is normally used in oral nutrition. BFs are mainly used in home enteral nutrition (HEN), although their use has also been reported by hospitals when commercial enteral formulas are not available. HEN is applied when the patient has been discharged from the hospital. This nutritional therapy promotes the patient's reintegration into the family nucleus and promotes humanized care, and decreases treatment costs. However, the patient should continue to receive health and nutritional care, ranging from periodic nutritional re-evaluation to adaptation of the dietary plan. HEN provides the patient a greater contact with the family, whereas BFs promote the adaptation of the diet with food, respecting the food diversity and culture, lower cost, and easier access to food. Disadvantages of BFs include more time spent by the professional to calculate the dietary plan, greater difficulty in adjusting daily needs, and less microbiological and chemical stability. In this review, the nutritional, food security, and safety aspects of BF used in HEN are discussed. Technological quality aspects that are essential knowledge in the preparation of the patient's dietary plan also are presented.
Prevalence of Myofascial Pain Syndrome and Efficacy of Trigger Point Injection in Patients with Incurable Cancer: A Multicenter, Prospective Observational Study (MyCar Study)
Authors: Ishiki Hiroto , Hasuo Hideaki , Matsuda Yoshinobu , Matsuoka Hiromichi , Hiramoto Shuji , Higuchi Masaki , Yoshida Kohei , Tokoro Akihiro , Hatano Yutaka , Hori Tetsuo , Kinkawa Junya , Nojima Masanori 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Objective
Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is caused by overload or disuse of skeletal muscles. Patients with cancer are often forced to restrict their movement or posture for several reasons. The study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and risks of MPS in patients with incurable cancer. The efficacy of trigger point injection (TPI) was also explored.

Methods
This was a multicenter, prospective observational study. Patients with incurable cancer who started receiving specialist palliative care were enrolled. We investigated the MPS in this population and accompanying risk factors for restricting body movement. Pre- and post-TPI pain was also evaluated using a Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) in patients who received TPI. The primary outcome was the prevalence of MPS.

Results
A total of 101 patients were enrolled from five institutions in Japan. Most of the patients (n = 94, 93.1%) had distant metastases, and half of the patients (50, 49.5%) received anticancer treatment. Thirty-nine (38.6%) patients had MPS lesions at 83 sites. Multivariate analysis revealed that the significant risk factor for MPS was poor Performance Status (PS) (odds ratio 3.26; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.18–9.02, P = .023). We performed TPI for 40 out of 83 MPS lesions. Mean NRS for MPS before TPI was 7.95, which improved to 4.30 after TPI (P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
MPS was common in patients with incurable cancer and the risk factor identified in this study was poor performance status. TPI could be a treatment option.
The Onset of Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain in High School Adolescents: Associated Factors and the Role of Symptoms of Central Sensitization
Authors: Andias Rosa , Silva Anabela Gonçalves 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the association between sociodemographic data, physical activity, depression, anxiety, and stress, sleep, and self-reported symptoms of central sensitization at baseline, in asymptomatic adolescents, and the onset of pain at 6-months follow-up.

Methods
A total of 252 asymptomatic adolescents were assessed at baseline with an online questionnaire that included sociodemographic data, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire; the International Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents; the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale for Children; the Basic Scale on Insomnia complaints and Quality of Sleep; and the Central Sensitization Inventory. The same questionnaire was repeated at 6-months follow-up.

Results
Of the 231 (91.7%) adolescents who completed the questionnaire at the follow-up, 127 (55.0%) remained asymptomatic and 88 (38.1%) reported a new onset of pain. At the 6-month follow-up, the mean (SD) number of painful body sites was 1.81 (1.04), and the neck region was the most reported (n = 29, 33%). Multivariable analysis showed that being female (OR = 2.34; 95% CI = 1.28–4.27) and reporting more self-reported symptoms of central sensitization (OR = 1.04; 95% CI = 1.01–1.07) were associated with the onset of chronic pain at follow-up.

Conclusion
Female sex and self-reported symptoms of central sensitization were considered risk factors for the onset of pain in adolescents but should be further explored in future studies.

Impact
Considering the increasing prevalence of chronic musculoskeletal pain in adolescents, understanding the factors that may be associated with its new onset may help to better design preventive strategies and thus minimize the appearance of this type of pain in adolescents.
Selection with Variation in Diagnostic Skill: Evidence from Radiologists
Authors: Chan David C , Gentzkow Matthew , Yu Chuan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Physicians, judges, teachers, and agents in many other settings differ systematically in the decisions they make when faced with similar cases. Standard approaches to interpreting and exploiting such differences assume they arise solely from variation in preferences. We develop an alternative framework that allows variation in preferences and diagnostic skill and show that both dimensions may be partially identified in standard settings under quasi-random assignment. We apply this framework to study pneumonia diagnoses by radiologists. Diagnosis rates vary widely among radiologists, and descriptive evidence suggests that a large component of this variation is due to differences in diagnostic skill. Our estimated model suggests that radiologists view failing to diagnose a patient with pneumonia as more costly than incorrectly diagnosing one without, and that this leads less skilled radiologists to optimally choose lower diagnostic thresholds. Variation in skill can explain 39% of the variation in diagnostic decisions, and policies that improve skill perform better than uniform decision guidelines. Failing to account for skill variation can lead to highly misleading results in research designs that use agent assignments as instruments.
T helper cells expressing fractalkine receptor and bearing T follicular helper 1-like cell functions in patients with IgG4-related disease
Authors: Inoue Yoshino , Nakayamada Shingo , Kubo Satoshi , Yamagata Kaoru , Sonomoto Koshiro , Iwata Shigeru , Miyazaki Yusuke , Tanaka Yoshiya 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Objective
Because the pathological features of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) include lymphocyte infiltration and fibrotic changes in the lesions, we investigated the significance of fractalkine (CX3CL1) and lymphocyte subsets in patients with IgG4-RD.

Methods
Peripheral blood and biopsied samples were obtained from healthy controls (HCs, n = 10), RA (n = 10) and IgG4-RD patients (n = 16) and were analysed by flow cytometry, immunohistology and costimulation assays.

Results
Peripheral CX3CR1+ CD4+ T cells had an approximately 3-fold increase in the IgG4-RD patients (15.4%), compared with the HCs (5.0%). In addition, CX3CR1+ CD4+ T cells were localized in the salivary glands of the IgG4-RD patients but not in those with Sicca syndrome. CX3CR1 was induced on 20% of CD4+ T cells after T-cell receptor (TCR) simulation with IL-12 for five days culture. CX3CR1+ T cells showed high expression of both CXCR5 and CXCR3. Moreover, they co-expressed Bcl-6 and T-bet, the master transcription factors for T helper 1 (Th1) and T follicular helper (Tfh) cells. After secondary stimulation, CX3CR1+ T cells produced both IFN-gamma (IFN-γ) and IL-21. Compared with their CX3CR1− counterparts, CX3CR1+ CD4+ T cells induced plasmablast differentiation from naïve B cells more efficiently (15.0 vs 5.0%) and increased the production of IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4 by B cells.

Conclusion
CX3CR1+ CD4+ T cells characteristically increased in the peripheral blood and the affected tissues and were associated with an increase in the serum IgG4 levels of patients with IgG4-RD. This CD4 subset has a Th1/Tfh-like phenotype and a B cell helper function.
Clinical picture, outcome and predictive factors of lymphoma in primary Sjögren’s syndrome: results from a harmonized dataset (1981–2021)
Authors: Chatzis Loukas G , Stergiou Ioanna E , Goules Andreas V , Pezoulas Vasilis , Tsourouflis Gerasimos , Fotiadis Dimitrios , Tzioufas Athanasios G , Voulgarelis Michael 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome (pSS) carries the highest risk for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) development among systemic autoimmune diseases. However, the paucity of data on the long-term survival of those patients and the lack of established predictors for each lymphoma histologic subtype prompted our present study.

Methods
We retrospectively analysed 121 patients diagnosed with NHL according to the WHO classification criteria. All patients fulfilled the 2016 ACR-EULAR classification criteria for pSS. Cumulative clinical, laboratory, radiologic, treatment regimens and histologic data were recorded, harmonized and analysed. Overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) curves were calculated. A mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALTL) prediction model was developed by applying innovative data-driven analysis of clinical features present at the time of pSS diagnosis.

Results
MALTLs constituted the majority of lymphomas (92/121, 76.0%) followed by diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) (11/121, 9.0%) and nodal marginal zone lymphomas (NMZL) (8/121, 7%). MALTLs show salivary glands localization, limited disease and often bone marrow and nodal involvement. The 10-year OS and EFS rates were 79% and 45.5% for MALTLs, 40.9% and 24.2% for DLBCL and 46% and 31% for NMZL. Cryoglobulinemia, focus score and the total EULAR SS Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI) composite index at pSS diagnosis were proven independent MALTL predictors. Even though MALTLs have a comparatively good survival outlook, they are accompanied by frequent events throughout their clinical course.

Conclusions
Common features of pSS, present at diagnosis, can predict future lymphomagenesis meriting a more intensive follow-up plan.
Causal role of the right temporoparietal junction in selfishness depends on the social partner
Authors: Brethel-Haurwitz Kristin M , Oathes Desmond J , Kable Joseph W 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ) is a hub of the mentalizing network, but its causal role in social decisions remains an area of active investigation. While prior studies using causal neurostimulation methods have confirmed the role of the rTPJ in mentalizing and strategic social interactions, most of the evidence for its role in resource-sharing decisions comes from correlational neuroimaging studies. Further, it remains unclear if the influence of the rTPJ on decisions about sharing resources depends on whether the other person is salient and identifiable. To clarify the causal role of the rTPJ in social decision making, we examined the effects of putatively inhibitory rTPJ transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on Dictator Game behavior with one partner that was physically present and one that was only minimally identified. Under control conditions, participants tended to create more advantageous inequity toward the partner that was only minimally identified, selfishly keeping more resources themselves. rTPJ TMS reduced this differential treatment of the two partners. Clarifying prior mixed findings, results suggest that the rTPJ may play a role in differentiating between others when deciding how equitably to divide resources, but may not play a general role in reducing selfishness by promoting aversion to advantageous inequity.
Concurrent Treatment with Vitamin K2 and D3 on Spine Fusion in Patients with Osteoporosis-Associated Lumbar Degenerative Disorders
Authors: Zhang Wencan , Li Le , Zhou Xin , Li Kunpeng , Liu Chen , Lin Xiangyu , Lubisi Njabulo , Chen Junfei , Si Haipeng 
Published: December 2021

Study Design.
A prospective and nonrandomized concurrent controlled trial.

Objective.
To address the early effects of concurrent treatment with vitamin K2 and vitamin D3 on fusion rates in patients who have undergone spinal surgery.

Summary of Background Data.
Intervertebral pseudarthrosis has been reported after transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) or posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF), especially in patients with osteopenia or osteoporosis. No study has assessed the early effects of concurrent treatment with vitamin K2 and vitamin D3 on fusion rates.

Methods.
Patients with osteopenia or osteoporosis who underwent TLIF or PLIF in our department were included. Patients in the VK2+VD3 group received vitamin K2, vitamin D3, and calcium treatment, whereas subjects in the control group only received calcium and vitamin D3. Spine fusion was evaluated by computed tomography. The Japanese Orthopedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire (JOA-BPEQ) and visual analog scale (VAS) were used to assess the clinical and neurological symptoms. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolism markers were measured for osteoporotic evaluation.

Results.
Seventy-eight patients were included, and nine patients subsequently discontinued because of 2019-nCoV. At six months postoperatively, complete fusion rates were significantly higher in the VK2+VD3 group than that in the control group (91.18% vs 71.43%, P = 0.036). At six months postoperatively, BMD was increased in the VK2+VD3 group and was higher than that in the control group, although there was no significant difference. At three months postoperatively, a significant increase in procollagen type I amino terminal propeptide (91.81%) and a slight decrease in C-terminal end peptide (8.06%) were observed in the VK2+VD3 group. In both groups, the JOA-BPEQ and VAS scores were significantly improved after spine surgery.

Conclusion.
Administration of vitamin K2 and vitamin D3 can increase lumbar interbody fusion rates, improve clinical symptoms, promote bone information, and avoid further decline in BMD within six months after TLIF or PLIF.

Level of Evidence: 3
Long-term Results of Three-layered Closure of Oronasal Fistula: A Case Report
Authors: Zielinska-Kazmierska Bogna , Grodecka Joanna , Lucas Grzelczyk Weronika , Jozefowicz-Korczynska Magdalena 
Published: December 2021

Summary:
An oronasal fistula is an interconnection between the oral and nasal cavities. It interferes with normal functioning and affects quality of life by impeding eating and speech. The most common management strategy is surgical treatment. The aim of our study was to present the results of a long-term follow-up of effective treatment of a case of oronasal fistula that occurred without any cause and comorbidities. A 46-year-old woman reported the sudden appearance of a painless oronasal fistula. She demonstrated nasal regurgitation—that is, loss of fluids through the nose while drinking—and slurred‚ nasal speech. Clinical examination revealed a soft tissue defect (diameter: 5 mm) on the left side of the palate. Computed tomography revealed a gap in the hard palate bone, measuring 25 × 30 mm. No complications were noted following the procedure, nor at 10-year follow-up. It seems that the use of bone substitute and palatal flap for spontaneous oronasal fistula closure was fully justified. The patient may have had an undiagnosed congenital defect of the hard palate, and the deficit may have appeared due to bone loss occurring in her forties. However, no consensus exists regarding the best treatment management for oronasal fistulae located in the palatal region, and further comparative studies between the existing techniques are needed.