bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asialoglycoprotein receptor targeted optical and magnetic resonance imaging and therapy of liver fibrosis using pullulan stabilized multi-functional iron oxide nanoprobe
Authors: Saraswathy Ariya , Nazeer Shaiju S. , Nimi Nirmala , Santhakumar Hema , Suma Parvathy Radhakrishnapillai , Jibin Kunnumpurathu , Victor Marina , Fernandez Francis Boniface , Arumugam Sabareeswaran , Shenoy Sachin J. , Varma P. R. Harikrishna , Jayasree Ramapurath S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEarly diagnosis and therapy of liver fibrosis is of utmost importance, especially considering the increased incidence of alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver syndromes. In this work, a systematic study is reported to develop a dual function and biocompatible nanoprobe for liver specific diagnostic and therapeutic applications. A polysaccharide polymer, pullulan stabilized iron oxide nanoparticle (P-SPIONs) enabled high liver specificity via asialogycoprotein receptor mediation. Longitudinal and transverse magnetic relaxation rates of 2.15 and 146.91 mM−1 s−1 respectively and a size of 12 nm, confirmed the T2 weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) efficacy of P-SPIONs. A current of 400A on 5 mg/ml of P-SPIONs raised the temperature above 50 °C, to facilitate effective hyperthermia. Finally, a NIR dye conjugation facilitated targeted dual imaging in liver fibrosis models, in vivo, with favourable histopathological results and recommends its use in early stage diagnosis using MRI and optical imaging, and subsequent therapy using hyperthermia.
Method of estimating the effective zone induced by rapid impact compaction
Authors: Cheng Shih-Hao , Chen Shi-Shuenn , Ge Louis 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper proposes a method for estimating the effective zone, including effective depth and effective range of compaction degree, from rapid impact compaction (RIC) on sand layer whose fines content is less than 10%. The proposed method utilizes a string of microelectromechanical system accelerometers to monitor the acceleration at various depths and propagation distances during compaction. To interpret and extract useful information from monitored data, peak-over-threshold (POT) processing and normal distribution function were used to analyze the recorded acceleration. The mean and standard deviation of the threshold peak acceleration were used to evaluate the effective depth and the effective range of compaction degree during RIC compaction. Moreover, spatial contours were used to determine the correlation of the threshold peak acceleration against depth and propagation distance from the RIC impact point. These contours help indicating the distribution of the effect zone after compaction. Lastly, a proposed method is suggested for frequent use in trial tests to quickly determine RIC’s required depth and impact spacing.
Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of hepatitis B associated membranous nephropathy and idiopathic membranous nephropathy complicated with hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: Wang Ruiqiang , Wu Yunqi , Zheng Bowen , Zhang Xiaofeng , An Dongyue , Guo Ningning , Wang Jin , Guo Yuanyuan , Tang Lin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe main objective of this study is to analyze the clinical and pathological features and prognosis of patients with Hepatitis B associated membranous nephropathy (HBV-MN) and idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) complicated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. This study will provide more basis for diagnosis and prognosis evaluation. A total of 50 patients with HBV-MN were included in this study. 56 IMN patients complicated with HBV infection diagnosed during the same period formed the control group. Parameters including blood routine, urine routine and plasma levels of albumin (ALB), serum creatinine (SCR), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), urea acid (UA), total cholesterol (T-CHO), triglycerides (TG), complement C3 and C4, glutamic pyruvic transaminase (ALT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (AST), 24-h urinary protein quantification (24 h-TP), renal phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) and HBV related markers during the hospitalization and outpatient follow-up study period were collected for all the patients. The proportion of male patients was high in both groups. The average age of the HBV-MN group was 37.2 ± 14.187 years old, it was younger compared with the IMN group (P = 0.003). Nephrotic syndrome was the major clinical manifestation among patients. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the levels of anemia, microscopic hematuria, renal dysfunction, liver dysfunction, liver cirrhosis. The level of serum C3 and C4 in the HBV-MN group was lower compared with the IMN group (P = 0.002, P = 0.014). In the HBV-MN group, serum HBV markers were negative in 6 (12%) patients, 4 patients (8%) were positive for PLA2R in serum, and 5 patients (10%) were positive for PLA2R in renal tissue. Stronger IgG1 and C1q and weaker IgG4 staining were found in HBV-MN group renal tissues (P = 0.003, P = 0.025, and P = 0.001, respectively). There were no statistical differences compared with serum and renal PLA2R between HBV-MN and IMN groups (P = 0.098, P = 0.109). During the 1-year follow-up, there was no significant difference in complete remission rate between the two groups (P = 0.7739). Renal biopsy is crucial to diagnose HBV-MN. IgG subtypes in the HBV-MN group were mainly IgG1 deposition, while those in IMN complicated with HBV infection group were mainly IgG4 deposition. When HBV-associated antigen and PLA2R are present in renal tissue, lower level of serum C3 and C4, high intensity of renal C1q and IgG1 is more supportive of HBV-MN. The positive of PLA2R in serum and renal tissue in differentiating HBV from IMN complicated with HBV infection remains to be discussed.
Measurement of respiratory rate using wearable devices and applications to COVID-19 detection
Authors: Natarajan Aravind , Su Hao-Wei , Heneghan Conor , Blunt Leanna , O’Connor Corey , Niehaus Logan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe show that heart rate enabled wearable devices can be used to measure respiratory rate. Respiration modulates the heart rate creating excess power in the heart rate variability at a frequency equal to the respiratory rate, a phenomenon known as respiratory sinus arrhythmia. We isolate this component from the power spectral density of the heart beat interval time series, and show that the respiratory rate thus estimated is in good agreement with a validation dataset acquired from sleep studies (root mean squared error = 0.648 min−1, mean absolute error = 0.46 min−1, mean absolute percentage error = 3%). We use this respiratory rate algorithm to illuminate two potential applications (a) understanding the distribution of nocturnal respiratory rate as a function of age and sex, and (b) examining changes in longitudinal nocturnal respiratory rate due to a respiratory infection such as COVID-19. 90% of respiratory rate values for healthy adults fall within the range 11.8−19.2 min−1 with a mean value of 15.4 min−1. Respiratory rate is shown to increase with nocturnal heart rate. It also varies with BMI, reaching a minimum at 25 kg/m2, and increasing for lower and higher BMI. The respiratory rate decreases slightly with age and is higher in females compared to males for age <50 years, with no difference between females and males thereafter. The 90% range for the coefficient of variation in a 14 day period for females (males) varies from 2.3–9.2% (2.3−9.5%) for ages 20−24 yr, to 2.5−16.8% (2.7−21.7%) for ages 65−69 yr. We show that respiratory rate is often elevated in subjects diagnosed with COVID-19. In a 7 day window from D−1 to D+5 (where D0 is the date when symptoms first present, for symptomatic individuals, and the test date for asymptomatic cases), we find that 36.4% (23.7%) of symptomatic (asymptomatic) individuals had at least one measurement of respiratory rate 3 min−1 higher than the regular rate.
Non-invasive diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis from ultrasound imaging with machine learning
Authors: Kainz Bernhard , Heinrich Mattias P. , Makropoulos Antonios , Oppenheimer Jonas , Mandegaran Ramin , Sankar Shrinivasan , Deane Christopher , Mischkewitz Sven , Al-Noor Fouad , Rawdin Andrew C. , Ruttloff Andreas , Stevenson Matthew D. , Klein-Weigel Peter , Curry Nicola 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDeep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a blood clot most commonly found in the leg, which can lead to fatal pulmonary embolism (PE). Compression ultrasound of the legs is the diagnostic gold standard, leading to a definitive diagnosis. However, many patients with possible symptoms are not found to have a DVT, resulting in long referral waiting times for patients and a large clinical burden for specialists. Thus, diagnosis at the point of care by non-specialists is desired. We collect images in a pre-clinical study and investigate a deep learning approach for the automatic interpretation of compression ultrasound images. Our method provides guidance for free-hand ultrasound and aids non-specialists in detecting DVT. We train a deep learning algorithm on ultrasound videos from 255 volunteers and evaluate on a sample size of 53 prospectively enrolled patients from an NHS DVT diagnostic clinic and 30 prospectively enrolled patients from a German DVT clinic. Algorithmic DVT diagnosis performance results in a sensitivity within a 95% CI range of (0.82, 0.94), specificity of (0.70, 0.82), a positive predictive value of (0.65, 0.89), and a negative predictive value of (0.99, 1.00) when compared to the clinical gold standard. To assess the potential benefits of this technology in healthcare we evaluate the entire clinical DVT decision algorithm and provide cost analysis when integrating our approach into diagnostic pathways for DVT. Our approach is estimated to generate a positive net monetary benefit at costs up to £72 to £175 per software-supported examination, assuming a willingness to pay of £20,000/QALY.
EndoBind detects endogenous protein-protein interactions in real time
Authors: Bill Anke , Espinola Sheryll , Guthy Daniel , Haling Jacob R. , Lanter Mylene , Lu Min , Marelli Anthony , Mendiola Angelica , Miraglia Loren , Taylor Brandon L. , Vargas Leonardo , Orth Anthony P. , King Frederick J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe present two high-throughput compatible methods to detect the interaction of ectopically expressed (RT-Bind) or endogenously tagged (EndoBind) proteins of interest. Both approaches provide temporal evaluation of dimer formation over an extended duration. Using examples of the Nrf2-KEAP1 and the CRAF-KRAS-G12V interaction, we demonstrate that our method allows for the detection of signal for more than 2 days after substrate addition, allowing for continuous monitoring of endogenous protein-protein interactions in real time.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Formation of giant iron oxide-copper-gold deposits by superimposed, episodic hydrothermal pulses
Authors: Del Real Irene , Reich Martin , Simon Adam C. , Deditius Artur , Barra Fernando , Rodríguez-Mustafa María A. , Thompson John F. H. , Roberts Malcolm P. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIron oxide-copper-gold deposits are a globally important source of copper, gold and critical commodities. However, they possess a range of characteristics related to a variety of tectono-magmatic settings that make development of a general genetic model challenging. Here we investigate micro-textural and compositional variations in actinolite, to constrain the thermal evolution of the Candelaria iron oxide-copper-gold deposit in Chile. We identify at least two mineralization stages comprising an early 675–800 °C iron oxide-apatite type mineralization overprinted by a later copper-rich fluid at around 550–700 °C. We propose that these distinct stages were caused by episodic pulses of injection of magmatic-hydrothermal fluids from crystallizing magmas at depth. We suggest that the mineralisation stages we identify were the result of temperature gradients attributable to changes in the magmatic source, rather than variations in formation depth, and that actinolite chemistry can be used as a proxy for formation temperature in iron oxide-copper-gold systems.
Personality in Children With Vocal Fold Nodules: A Multitrait Analysis
Authors: Lee Jeong Min , Roy Nelson , Park Albert , Muntz Harlan , Meier Jeremy , Skirko Jonathan , Smith Marshall 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
Vocal fold nodules (VNs) are bilateral, symmetrical, callous-like lesions secondary to phonotrauma and possibly related to specific personality traits. This case–control study examined the relation between personality and VNs in children within the context of the Trait Theory of VNs.

Method

Parents of children with VNs (
N
= 39,
M
= 7.43,
SD
= 2.01 years) and two medical control groups (i.e., voice disordered controls, but not VNs [VDCs;
N
= 40,
M
= 7.09,
SD
= 2.01 years] and vocally normal controls [VNCs;
N
= 40,
M
= 7.6,
SD
= 1.54 years]) completed the Inventory of Child Individual Differences, a personality instrument that describes the Big Five superfactors as well as 15 lower order personality traits.

Results

Children with VNs, as compared with VNCs, were (a) emotionally reactive (i.e., higher N—Neuroticism,
p
< .005, Cohen's
d
= 0.53), (b) Antagonistic, Strong-Willed, and less Compliant (i.e., lower A—Agreeableness,
p
< .014, Cohen's
d
= 0.59), and (c) Distractible and Disorganized (i.e., lower C—Conscientiousness,
p
< .009, Cohen's
d
= 0.62). Both voice disordered groups displayed elevated scores on the personality superfactor of Neuroticism (N; and the “Negative Emotions” lower order trait).

Conclusions
The combination of personality traits identified in this study (i.e., high N, low A and C) may play a central role in VNs development and possibly attenuate voice therapy success. Children with VNs displayed a similar personality typology as women with VNs, with the exception of elevated Extraversion (E), thereby providing support for the relevance of the Trait Theory of VNs in both children and adults. Clinicians treating children with voice disorders, including VNs, should consider their underlying personality traits in assessment and management.
Syncing Our Global Thinking: A Framework for Contextualized Clinical Reasoning
Authors: Pillay Thiani , Pillay Mershen 
Published: September 2021

PurposeGlobally, health care practitioners (HCPs) practice in a variety of settings. To account for the diversity of these contexts, HCPs should utilize dynamic clinical reasoning skills to provide contextually responsive services that account for the complexities of patients, clinicians, and their surroundings. However, traditional models of clinical reasoning approach this skill in a reductionistic and segmented manner that ignores the impact of these diverse factors in health care provision. This makes it very difficult to reconcile these models with the realities of practice.MethodBy repositioning clinical reasoning as a unique and dynamic skill and identifying the shortcomings of traditional clinical reasoning models, we suggest a novel theoretical framework:contextualized clinical reasoning, which centralizes factors related to context and individual within its approach.ConclusionsIn order to practice clinical reasoning in an authentic manner that recognizes the impact of contextual and personal realities, we put forward thecontextualized clinical reasoningframework. This framework gives HCPs the tools needed to change the rhetoric on best practice and provide effective health care services that account for complexity and diversity of health care contexts globally.
An efficient multi‐sensor fusion and tracking protocol in a vehicle‐road collaborative system
Authors: Xu Zhehan , Zhao Shengjie , Zhang Rongqing 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNowadays, driving safety has become an important topic in the field of intelligent driving. The key step in the intelligent transportation system (ITS) is to detect and track the vehicles on the road through various sensors equipped on the vehicle. While putting the sensors aside the road can have benefits in the vehicle‐road collaborative scenario. In this paper, an efficient and applicable multi‐sensor fusion protocol for a vehicle‐road collaborative system is proposed where roadside units (RSUs) are equipped with cameras and radars. To fully use the history information and the multi‐source heterogeneous sensing data to improve the reliability of multi‐sensor fusion, a Bayesian‐based two‐layer fusion scheme is further proposed. Moreover, the efficiency and robustness of the proposed scheme are evaluated in a real highway environment in Changsha, China.
Preventing congestion control oscillation in cellular vehicular communication
Authors: Park Yongtae , Kim Hyogon 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe standard cellular vehicular communication uses channel utilization as the input to the congestion control. When its measurement period is identical to the application messaging interval, oscillation and unfairness problems can arise. The exponential weighted moving average with random noise for the measured channel utilization can be used to prevent the problems.
Control of pico‐hydro‐PV‐based distributed generation with battery support for off‐grid electrification
Authors: Chandran Vineet P. , Singh Bhim 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis work presents the operation and control of a pico‐hydro‐solar photovoltaic (PV)‐battery energy storage (BES)‐based isolated renewable energy system (RES) feeding 3‐phase 4‐wire loads. For voltage regulation, to maintain frequency, and power quality improvement in this system, a 4‐leg VSC is used. The BES is connected to the DC‐link of the voltage source converter (VSC) through a bidirectional converter (BDC), which regulates the DC‐link voltage and controls the charging and discharging current of the battery. An advanced perturb and observe (AP&O)‐based MPPT control technique with drift free operation and capability to operate in the derated mode is adapted in this work. The VSC connected to PCC, injects or absorbs power from this system based on the difference of power between generation and the load. The modified complex co‐efficient filter (MCCF)‐based control technique monitors the power quality of this RES system and 4 leg VSC provides the source neutral current compensation. This control algorithm is used to extract the amplitude of the fundamental load current component with improved dynamic response, DC offset elimination and higher order harmonics removal capability. The ability of the presented control strategy for power quality improvement, power management, load balancing and neutral current compensation is reported in this work.
Fault current compensations in resonant grounded distribution systems to mitigate powerline bushfires using a nonsingular terminal sliding model controller
Authors: Roy Tushar Kanti , Mahmud Md Apel 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA fault current compensation technique is proposed in this paper for resonant grounded power distribution systems in bushfire prone areas. Arc suppression devices with residual current compensation inverters are used to compensate fault currents due to single line‐to‐ground faults in order to mitigate powerline bushfires. The main contribution of this paper is the design of a compensation technique for the T‐type residual current compensation inverter using a non‐singular terminal sliding mode control scheme. The main objective of the proposed scheme is to reduce the fault current and bring its value to a level so that it cannot ignite fires. The proposed controller is designed based on the selection of a sliding surface in a way the singularity problem can be avoided and chattering effects in existing sliding mode controllers can be eliminated. The desired current injection through the residual current compensation inverter is ensured by enforcing the control law into the terminal sliding surface where the control law is determined by satisfying the Lyapunov stability criteria. The performance of the non‐singular terminal sliding mode controller is compared with an integral sliding mode controller by considering different values of fault currents where these values are varied by changing fault resistances. Results for simulation in the software and processor‐in‐loop simulations are verified against operational standards which are essential for mitigating powerline bushfires. This work focuses to design a non‐singular terminal sliding mode controller for the residual current compensation inverter which is used in an arc suppression device to compensate both active and reactive components of the fault current and keeps its value below 0.5 A within 2 s after activating the residual current compensation inverter which is a requirement as per the operational standard. This controller is designed based on the selection of a terminal sliding surface while satisfying the condition for avoiding the singularity problem.
Application research on the adsorption of Cu2+ ions in wastewater by hydroxyl‐ or amino‐terminated polyamines
Authors: Wang Minghua , Qu Rongjun , Cai Honglan , Qiao Qingan , Zhang Jiang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe adsorption properties of hydroxyl‐ or amino‐terminated polyamines for Cu2+ ions are studied in detail by adopting the batch method, and the effects of main imprinting conditions, such as the concentrations of Cu2+ ions, temperature, pH and the amount of N are examined. The results showed that adsorption capacity increased with the increase of the number of N in the functional groups. The kinetic of the reaction is very rapid and follows the pseudo‐second order and clearly indicated that both the Langmuir and Freundlich models could describe the Cu2+ ions adsorption on aminated mesoporous materials well. Hence, the reported mesoporous materials herein hold great potential to remove Cu2+ ions from aqueous solutions.
Soft‐switching non‐isolated high step‐up three‐level boost converter using single magnetic element
Authors: Jazi Hamed Moradmand , Fekri Mahmoud , Keshani Milad , Khorasani Ramin Rahimzadeh , Adib Ehsan , Wheeler Patrick , Garcia Herminio‐Martinez , Velasco‐Quesada Guillermo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHere, a soft switched three‐level boost converter with high voltage gain is proposed which is suitable for high step‐up applications with wide output power range. In this converter, a ZVT auxiliary circuit is used which provides soft switching in a wide range of output power independent of load variation. Utilizing coupled‐inductors with one magnetic core removes extra auxiliary core in the soft switching circuit and provides high voltage gain in conjunction with size reduction. Also, the secondary and tertiary leakage inductances of the coupled‐inductors minimize the reverse recovery problem of the output diodes. Due to its three‐level structure, it has very low voltage stress over semiconductor elements in comparison to the existing interleaved structures, resulting in using MOSFETs with low on‐resistance and thus lower conduction losses and cost. Operating modes as well as analytical analysis of the proposed converter are discussed. Finally, in order to validate the proposed converter performance, experimental results from a 200‐W laboratory prototype are presented.