bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acoustofluidic localization of sparse particles on a piezoelectric resonant sensor for nanogram-scale mass measurements
Authors: Qian Jingui , Begum Habiba , Lee Joshua E.-Y. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe ability to weigh microsubstances present in low concentrations is an important tool for environmental monitoring and chemical analysis. For instance, developing a rapid analysis platform that identifies the material type of microplastics in seawater would help evaluate the potential toxicity to marine organisms. In this study, we demonstrate the integration of two different techniques that bring together the functions of sparse particle localization and miniaturized mass sensing on a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) chip for enhanced detection and minimization of negative measurements. The droplet sample for analysis is loaded onto the MEMS chip containing a resonant mass sensor. Through the coupling of a surface acoustic wave (SAW) from a SAW transducer into the chip, the initially dispersed microparticles in the droplet are localized over the detection area of the MEMS sensor, which is only 200 µm wide. The accreted mass of the particles is then calibrated against the resulting shift in resonant frequency of the sensor. The SAW device and MEMS chip are detachable after use, allowing the reuse of the SAW device part of the setup instead of the disposal of both parts. Our platform maintains the strengths of noncontact and label-free dual-chip acoustofluidic devices, demonstrating for the first time an integrated microparticle manipulation and real-time mass measurement platform useful for the analysis of sparse microsubstances.
Mapping the biosynthetic pathway of a hybrid polyketide-nonribosomal peptide in a metazoan
Authors: Feng Likui , Gordon Matthew T. , Liu Ying , Basso Kari B. , Butcher Rebecca A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPolyketide synthase (PKS) and nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) hybrid systems typically use complex protein-protein interactions to facilitate direct transfer of intermediates between these multimodular megaenzymes. In the canal-associated neurons (CANs) of Caenorhabditis elegans, PKS-1 and NRPS-1 produce the nemamides, the only known hybrid polyketide-nonribosomal peptides biosynthesized by animals, through a poorly understood mechanism. Here, we use genome editing and mass spectrometry to map the roles of individual PKS-1 and NRPS-1 enzymatic domains in nemamide biosynthesis. Furthermore, we show that nemamide biosynthesis requires at least five additional enzymes expressed in the CANs that are encoded by genes distributed across the worm genome. We identify the roles of these enzymes and discover a mechanism for trafficking intermediates between a PKS and an NRPS. Specifically, the enzyme PKAL-1 activates an advanced polyketide intermediate as an adenylate and directly loads it onto a carrier protein in NRPS-1. This trafficking mechanism provides a means by which a PKS-NRPS system can expand its biosynthetic potential and is likely important for the regulation of nemamide biosynthesis.
Facile access to C-glycosyl amino acids and peptides via Ni-catalyzed reductive hydroglycosylation of alkynes
Authors: Liu Yan-Hua , Xia Yu-Nong , Gulzar Tayyab , Wei Bingcheng , Li Haotian , Zhu Dapeng , Hu Zhifei , Xu Peng , Yu Biao 
Published: August 2021

AbstractC-Glycosyl peptides/proteins are metabolically stable mimics of the native glycopeptides/proteins bearing O/N-glycosidic linkages, and are thus of great therapeutical potential. Herein, we disclose a protocol for the syntheses of vinyl C-glycosyl amino acids and peptides, employing a nickel-catalyzed reductive hydroglycosylation reaction of alkyne derivatives of amino acids and peptides with common glycosyl bromides. It accommodates a wide scope of the coupling partners, including complex oligosaccharide and peptide substrates. The resultant vinyl C-glycosyl amino acids and peptides, which bear common O/N-protecting groups, are amenable to further transformations, including elongation of the peptide and saccharide chains.
A transcription-based mechanism for oncogenic β-catenin-induced lethality in BRCA1/2-deficient cells
Authors: Dagg Rebecca A. , Zonderland Gijs , Lombardi Emilia Puig , Rossetti Giacomo G. , Groelly Florian J. , Barroso Sonia , Tacconi Eliana M. C. , Wright Benjamin , Lockstone Helen , Aguilera Andrés , Halazonetis Thanos D. , Tarsounas Madalena 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBRCA1orBRCA2germline mutations predispose to breast, ovarian and other cancers. High-throughput sequencing of tumour genomes revealed that oncogene amplification andBRCA1/2mutations are mutually exclusive in cancer, however the molecular mechanism underlying this incompatibility remains unknown. Here, we report that activation of β-catenin, an oncogene of the WNT signalling pathway, inhibits proliferation of BRCA1/2-deficient cells. RNA-seq analyses revealed β-catenin-induced discrete transcriptome alterations in BRCA2-deficient cells, including suppression ofCDKN1Agene encoding the CDK inhibitor p21. This accelerates G1/S transition, triggering illegitimate origin firing and DNA damage. In addition, β-catenin activation accelerates replication fork progression in BRCA2-deficient cells, which is critically dependent on p21 downregulation. Importantly, we find that upregulated p21 expression is essential for the survival of BRCA2-deficient cells and tumours. Thus, our work demonstrates that β-catenin toxicity in cancer cells with compromised BRCA1/2 function is driven by transcriptional alterations that cause aberrant replication and inflict DNA damage.
Hyperleptinemia in obese state renders luminal breast cancers refractory to tamoxifen by coordinating a crosstalk between Med1, miR205 and ErbB
Authors: Nagalingam Arumugam , Siddharth Sumit , Parida Sheetal , Muniraj Nethaji , Avtanski Dimiter , Kuppusamy Panjamurthy , Elsey Justin , Arbiser Jack L. , Győrffy Balázs , Sharma Dipali 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObese women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer exhibit poor response to therapy and inferior outcomes. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms by which obesity/hyperleptinemia may reduce the efficacy of hormonal therapy remain elusive. Obese mice with hyperleptinemia exhibit increased tumor progression and respond poorly to tamoxifen compared to non-obese mice. Exogenous leptin abrogates tamoxifen-mediated growth inhibition and potentiates breast tumor growth even in the presence of tamoxifen. Mechanistically, leptin induces nuclear translocation of phosphorylated-ER and increases the expression of ER-responsive genes, while reducing tamoxifen-mediated gene repression by abrogating tamoxifen-induced recruitment of corepressors NCoR, SMRT, and Mi2 and potentiating coactivator binding. Furthermore, in silico analysis revealed that coactivator Med1 potentially associates with 48 (out of 74) obesity-signature genes. Interestingly, leptin upregulates Med1 expression by decreasing miR-205, and increases its functional activation via phosphorylation, which is mediated by activation of Her2 and EGFR. It is important to note that Med1 silencing abrogates the negative effects of leptin on tamoxifen efficacy. In addition, honokiol or adiponectin treatment effectively inhibits leptin-induced Med1 expression and improves tamoxifen efficacy in hyperleptinemic state. These studies uncover the mechanistic insights how obese/hyperleptinemic state may contribute to poor response to tamoxifen implicating leptin-miR205-Med1 and leptin-Her2-EGFR-Med1 axes, and present bioactive compound honokiol and adipocytokine adiponectin as agents that can block leptin’s negative effect on tamoxifen.
Aqueous alteration of silicate glass: state of knowledge and perspectives
Authors: Gin Stéphane , Delaye Jean-Marc , Angeli Frédéric , Schuller Sophie 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe question of silicate glass chemical durability is at the heart of many industrial and environmental issues, with certain glasses, such as bioglasses, needing to transform rapidly, while others, like nuclear glasses, extremely slowly. Due to the wide diversity of the chemical composition for these types of materials and their metastability—no thermodynamic equilibrium can be reached between glass and solution—the evaluation of chemical durability remains a scientific challenge. In this article, we review the current state of knowledge on glass alteration mechanisms and kinetics, and point to some perspectives for glasses for which no direct experimental validation is currently possible. Thanks to the development of novel techniques and international collaborations, a better understanding of the mechanisms involved has been achieved. Mechanistic models have been developed at some specific scales, although holistic models still need further development to link the various scales and perform reliable predictions.
Tailored synbiotic powder (functional food) to prevent hyperphosphataemia (kidney disorder)
Authors: Anand Ajeeta , Yoshida Shigeki , Aoyagi Hideki 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHyperphosphataemia is treated with phosphate binders, which can cause adverse effects. Spray-dried synbiotic powder (SP) composed of Lactobacillus casei JCM1134 (a phosphate-accumulating organism; PAO) and Aloe vera is potentially a safer alternative for efficient phosphate removal. In this study, a novel strategy was developed; lysine-derivatized deacetylated A. vera (DAVK) was synthesised and fabricated on phosphate-deficient PAO (PDP) for efficient phosphate transfer and then spray-dried with the supernatant of DAV centrifugation to form a sacrificial layer on PDP for SP integrity during gastric passage. In vitro experiments revealed that PAO removed only 1.6% of the phosphate from synthetic media, whereas SP removed 89%, 87%, and 67% (w/v) of the phosphate from milk, soft drink, and synthetic media, respectively, confirming the protective role of A. vera and efficient phosphate transport. Compared with commercial binders, SP effectively removed phosphate from synthetic media, whereas SP and CaCO3 exhibited comparative results for milk and soft drink. Importantly, CaCO3 caused hypercalcaemia. Thus, the described SP presents a promising tool to prevent hyperphosphataemia. This study also revealed a novel factor: diets of patients with chronic kidney disease should be monitored to determine the optimal phosphate binders, as phosphate removal performance depends on the accessible phosphate forms.
Strong association of type 2 diabetes with degenerative lumbar spine disorders
Authors: Park Chul-Hyun , Min Kyoung-Bok , Min Jin-Young , Kim Du Hwan , Seo Kyung Mook , Kim Don-Kyu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTantalizing connections between type 2 diabetes and degenerative lumbar spine disorders have become increasingly evident. However, the association of type 2 diabetes with degenerative lumbar spine disorders remains unclear. We sought to clarify the association between type 2 diabetes and lumbar spine disorders using nationwide data in Korea. Furthermore, we explored the association of diabetes with the prevalence of spinal procedures. The data in this study was obtained from Korean health claim database. Between 2016 and 2019, totals of 479,680 diabetes and 479,680 age- and sex-matched control subjects were enrolled. Patients with diabetes had more likely to have degenerative lumbar spine disorders and spinal procedures than controls. Using multivariate-adjusted analysis, patients with diabetes were at increased risk of being concomitantly affected by lumbar disc disorder [adjusted odds ratio 1.11 (95% confidence interval 1.10–1.12)], lumbar spondylotic radiculopathy [1.12 (1.11–1.13)], spondylolisthesis [1.05 (1.02–1.08)] and spinal stenosis [1.16 (1.15–1.18)], compared to controls. Furthermore, diabetic patients had an increased risk of undergoing lumbar spinal injection [1.13 (1.12–1.14)], laminectomy [1.19 (1.15–1.23)], and fusion surgery [1.35 (1.29–1.42)]. We demonstrated that type 2 diabetes was significantly associated with lumbar spine disorders and frequent spinal procedures. Our results suggest diabetes as a predisposing factor for lumbar spine disorders.
Genetic and phenotypic analysis of the pathogenic potential of two novel Chlamydia gallinacea strains compared to Chlamydia psittaci
Authors: Heijne Marloes , Jelocnik Martina , Umanets Alexander , Brouwer Michael S. M. , Dinkla Annemieke , Harders Frank , van Keulen Lucien J. M. , Roest Hendrik Jan , Schaafsma Famke , Velkers Francisca C. , van der Goot Jeanet A. , Pannekoek Yvonne , Koets Ad P. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractChlamydia gallinacea is an obligate intracellular bacterium that has recently been added to the family of Chlamydiaceae. C. gallinacea is genetically diverse, widespread in poultry and a suspected cause of pneumonia in slaughterhouse workers. In poultry, C. gallinacea infections appear asymptomatic, but studies about the pathogenic potential are limited. In this study two novel sequence types of C. gallinacea were isolated from apparently healthy chickens. Both isolates (NL_G47 and NL_F725) were closely related to each other and have at least 99.5% DNA sequence identity to C. gallinacea Type strain 08-1274/3. To gain further insight into the pathogenic potential, infection experiments in embryonated chicken eggs and comparative genomics with Chlamydia psittaci were performed. C. psittaci is a ubiquitous zoonotic pathogen of birds and mammals, and infection in poultry can result in severe systemic illness. In experiments with embryonated chicken eggs, C. gallinacea induced mortality was observed, potentially strain dependent, but lower compared to C. psittaci induced mortality. Comparative analyses confirmed all currently available C. gallinacea genomes possess the hallmark genes coding for known and potential virulence factors as found in C. psittaci albeit to a reduced number of orthologues or paralogs. The presence of potential virulence factors and the observed mortality in embryonated eggs indicates C. gallinacea should rather be considered as an opportunistic pathogen than an innocuous commensal.
ICAM-1-carrying targeted nano contrast agent for evaluating inflammatory injury in rabbits with atherosclerosis
Authors: Li Ping , Jin Lin , Feng Lan , Wang Yingchun , Yang Rong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTo investigate the feasibility of using ICAM-1-targeted nano ultrasonic contrast to evaluate the degree of inflammatory injury at different stages in the abdominal aorta of rabbits with atherosclerosis (AS). Twenty-five experimental rabbits were assigned to five groups: the control group (A); the week-4 after modeling group (B); the week-8 after modeling group (C); the week-12 after modeling group (D); the week-16 after modeling group (E). All groups were given 2D ultrasonography, conventional ultrasonic contrast (SonoVue), and ICAM-1-targeted nano ultrasonic contrast, respectively. Signal intensity of vascular perfusion was evaluated. Signal intensity of ICAM-1-targeted nano ultrasonic contrast was substantially enhanced and prolonged in the vascular wall of the abdominal bubble aorta increased in B, C, D, and E groups (all P < 0.05). A positive linear correlation between intensity and the expression of ICAM-1 (r = 0.895, P < 0.001). The intensity of outer membrane was enhanced from week 4 to week 12, and both the intima-media membrane and outer membrane were enhanced with double-layer parallel echo at week 16, which was in line with the progression of atherosclerotic plaque inflammatory injury. ICAM-1-targeted nano contrast agent would be possibly a novel non-invasive molecular imaging method for plaque inflammatory injury and site high expression of specific adhesion molecules in early atherosclerotic lesions.
Early decompressive hemicraniectomy in thrombolyzed acute ischemic stroke patients from the international ENCHANTED trial
Authors: Xia Chao , Wang Xia , Lindley Richard I. , Delcourt Candice , Chen Xiaoying , Zhou Zien , Guo Rui , Carcel Cheryl , Malavera Alejandra , Calic Zeljka , Mair Grant , Wardlaw Joanna M. , Robinson Thompson G. , Anderson Craig S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDecompressive hemicraniectomy (DHC) can improve outcomes for patients with severe forms of acute ischemic stroke (AIS), but the evidence is mainly derived from non-thrombolyzed patients. We aimed to determine the characteristics and outcomes of early DHC in thrombolyzed AIS participants of the international Enhanced Control of Hypertension and Thrombolysis Stroke Study (ENCHANTED). Post-hoc analyses of ENCHANTED, an international, partial-factorial, open, blinded outcome-assessed, controlled trial in 4557 thrombolysis-eligible AIS patients randomized to low- versus standard-dose intravenous alteplase (Arm A, n = 2350), intensive versus guideline-recommended blood pressure control (Arm B, n = 1280), or both (Arms A + B, n = 947). Logistic regression models were used to identify baseline variables associated with DHC, with inverse probability of treatment weights employed to eliminate baseline imbalances between those with and without DHC. Logistic regression was also used to determine associations of DHC and clinical outcomes of death/disability, major disability, and death (defined by scores 2–6, 3–5, and 6, respectively, on the modified Rankin scale) at 90 days post-randomization. There were 95 (2.1%) thrombolyzed AIS patients who underwent DHC, who were significantly younger, of non-Asian ethnicity, and more likely to have had prior lipid-lowering treatment and severe neurological impairment from large vessel occlusion than other patients. DHC patients were more likely to receive other management interventions and have poor functional outcomes than non-DHC patients, with no relation to different doses of intravenous alteplase. Compared to other thrombolyzed AIS patients, those who received DHC had a poor prognosis from more severe disease despite intensive in-hospital management.
Self-assembled PEGylated amphiphilic polypeptides for gene transfection
Authors: Klemm Paul , Behnke Mira , Solomun Jana I. , Bonduelle Colin , Lecommandoux Sébastien , Traeger Anja , Schubert Stephanie 
Published: August 2021

Three biodegradable block copolymers composed of a poly(ethylene glycol) block and a copolypeptide block with varying compositions of cationic l-lysine and hydrophobic benzyl-l-glutamate were designed for gene delivery applications.
Development and validation of LRP1B mutation-associated prognostic model for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Xu Jian , Shen Xiaomin , Zhang Bo , Su Rui , Cui Mingxuan , Yan Lihua , Cao Yu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To develop a lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1B (LRP1B) gene mutation-based prognostic model for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients risk prediction. Methods: The LRP1B gene mutation rate was calculated from HCC patient samples. Meanwhile, differentially expressed genes according to LRP1B mutant were screened out for prognostic model establishment. Based on this innovative model, HCC patients were categorized into high- and low-risk groups. The immune status including immune cell infiltration ratio and checkpoints have been explored in two groups. The functions of LRP1B and risk factors in the model were verified using both in vivo and in vitro experiments. Results: It could be demonstrated that LRP1B was a potential negative predictor for HCC patients prognosis with high mutation frequency. The functions of LRP1B were verified with ELISA and Quantitative Real-time PCR method based on clinic-recruited HCC participants. Eleven genes displayed significant differences according to LRP1B status, which could better predict HCC patient prognosis. The functions of these genes were examined using HCC cell line HCCLM3, suggesting they played a pivotal role in determining HCC cell proliferation and apoptosis. From the immune cell infiltration ratio analysis, there was a significant difference in the infiltration degree of seven types of immune cells and two immune checkpoints between high- and low-risk HCC patients. Conclusion: The present study hypothesized a potential prognostic biomarker and developed a novel LRP1B mutation-associated prognostic model for HCC, which provided a systematic reference for future understanding of clinical research.
Molecular subtyping of breast cancer intrinsic taxonomy with oligonucleotide microarray and NanoString nCounter
Authors: Chen Yen-Jen , Huang Ching-Shui , Phan Nam-Nhut , Lu Tzu-Pin , Liu Chih-Yi , Huang Chi-Jung , Chiu Jen-Hwey , Tseng Ling-Ming , Huang Chi-Cheng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Breast cancer intrinsic subtypes have been identified based on the transcription of a predefined gene expression (GE) profiles and algorithm (prediction analysis of microarray 50 gene set, PAM50). The present study compared molecular subtyping with oligonucleotide microarray and NanoString nCounter assay. A total of 109 Taiwanese breast cancers (24 with adjacent normal breast tissues) were assayed with Affymetrix Human Genome U133 plus 2.0 microarrays and 144 were assayed with the NanoString nCounter while 64 patients were assayed for both platforms. Subtyping with the nearest centroid (single sample prediction (SSP)) was performed, and 16 out of 24 (67%) matched normal breasts were categorized as the normal breast-like subtype. For 64 breast cancers assayed for both platforms, 41 (65%, one unclassified by microarray) were predicted with an identical subtype, resulting in a fair κ statistic of 0.60. Taking nCounter subtyping as the gold standard, prediction accuracy was 43% (3/7), 81% (13/16), 25% (5/20), and 100% (20/20) for basal-like, human epidermal growth factor receptor II (HER2)-enriched, luminal A and luminal B subtypes predicted from microarray GE profiles. Microarray identified more luminal B cases from luminal A subtype predicted by nCounter. It is not uncommon to use microarray for breast cancer molecular subtyping for research. Our study showed that fundamental discrepancy existed between distinct GE assays, and cross-platform equivalence should be carefully appraised when molecular subtyping was conducted with oligonucleotide microarray.
In‐orbit geometric calibration approach and positioning accuracy analysis for the Gaofen‐7 laser footprint camera
Authors: Xie Junfeng , Ren Chaofeng , Jiao Huihui , Pan Jianping 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe Gaofen‐7 (GF‐7) satellite is China's first submeter high‐resolution optical stereo‐mapping satellite. The satellite is equipped with two area‐array laser footprint cameras to capture the laser spots emitted by laser altimeters. To accurately identify and locate the geographical positions of laser spots, a stepwise geometric calibration method with ground laboratory information for high‐resolution area‐array camera is proposed in this paper. It includes the internal and external calibration. First, the initial values of the camera's internal parameters are determined based on the laboratory calibration results. Then, based on a high‐precision reference ortho‐image and a digital elevation model, the ground control points (GCPs) for multi‐scene footprint images are obtained by image matching. Finally, the external and internal calibration methods for the laser footprint camera are implemented successively. The experimental results indicate that this method can restore geometric imaging relationships with high precision. After the internal and external calibration, the systematic residual error of the image point is eliminated, the remaining residual achieves 0.38 pixel, and the accuracy of direct positioning on the ground is better than 5.0 m, and the elevation accuracy is within 1.5 m.