bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Generation, Transmission, and Regulation of Mechanical Forces in Embryonic Morphogenesis
Authors: Sutlive Joseph , Xiu Haning , Chen Yunfeng , Gou Kun , Xiong Fengzhu , Guo Ming , Chen Zi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEmbryonic morphogenesis is a biological process which depicts shape forming of tissues and organs during development. Unveiling the roles of mechanical forces generated, transmitted, and regulated in cells and tissues through these processes is key to understanding the biophysical mechanisms governing morphogenesis. To this end, it is imperative to measure, simulate, and predict the regulation and control of these mechanical forces during morphogenesis. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of the recent advances on mechanical properties of cells and tissues, generation of mechanical forces in cells and tissues, the transmission processes of these generated forces during cells and tissues, the tools and methods used to measure and predict these mechanical forces in vivo, in vitro, or in silico, and to better understand the corresponding regulation and control of generated forces. Understanding the biomechanics and mechanobiology of morphogenesis will not only shed light on the fundamental physical mechanisms underlying these concerted biological processes during normal development, but also uncover new information that will benefit biomedical research in preventing and treating congenital defects or tissue engineering and regeneration.
Colossal 3D Electrical Anisotropy of MoAlB Single Crystal
Authors: Huang Yanan , Si Jianguo , Lin Shuai , Lv Hongyan , Song Wenhai , Zhang Ranran , Luo Xuan , Lu Wenjian , Zhu Xuebin , Sun Yuping 
Published: November 2021

Abstract3D anisotropic functional properties (such as magnetic, electrical, thermal, and optical properties, etc.) in a single material are not only beneficial to the multipurpose of a material, but also helpful to enrich the regulatory dimensionality of functional materials. Herein, a colossal 3D electrical anisotropy of layered MAB‐phase MoAlB single crystal is introduced and dissected. Using high‐temperature metal‐solution method, high‐quality MoAlB single crystals are obtained and a surprisingly strong out‐of‐plane (σa/σb = 1.43 × 105, at 2 K) and in‐plane (σa/σc = 12.12, at 2 K) electrical anisotropies are first observed. After a series of experimental and theoretical investigations, it is demonstrated that the 3D anisotropic crystal structure and chemical bond of MoAlB result in its 3D anisotropic phonon vibration and electronic structure, influence the corresponding electron‐electron as well as electron‐phonon interactions, and finally give rise to its colossal 3D anisotropy of electrical conductivity. This work experimentally and theoretically proves MoAlB single crystal possessing the 3D anisotropies of crystal structure, chemical bond, phonon vibration, electronic structure, and electrical transport, but also provides a promising platform for the future design of functionalized electronic devices as well as synthesis of new and large‐sized in‐plane anisotropic 2D material (MoBene).
Multi‐Layer Printable Lithium Ion Micro‐Batteries with Remarkable Areal Energy Density and Flexibility for Wearable Smart Electronics
Authors: Zhang Ying , Zheng Shuanghao , Zhou Feng , Shi Xiaoyu , Dong Cong , Das Pratteek , Ma Jiaxin , Wang Kai , Wu Zhong‐Shuai 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPursuing high areal energy density and developing scalable fabrication strategies of micro‐batteries are the key for the progressive printed microelectronics. Herein, the scalable fabrication of multi‐layer printable lithium ion micro‐batteries (LIMBs) with ultrahigh areal energy density and exceptional flexibility is reported, based on highly conductive and mechanically stable inks by fully incorporating the polyurethane binders in dibasic esters with high‐conducting additives of graphene and carbon nanotubes into active materials to construct a cross‐linked conductive network. Benefiting from relatively higher electrical conductivity (≈7000 mS cm−1) and stably connected network of microelectrodes, the as‐fabricated LIMBs by multi‐layer printing display robust areal capacity of 398 µAh cm−2, and remarkable areal energy density of 695 μWh cm−2, which are much higher than most LIMBs reported. Further, the printed LIMBs show notable capacity retention of 88% after 3000 cycles, and outstanding flexibility without any structure degradation under various torsion states and folding angles. Importantly, a wearable smart bracelet, composed of a serially connected LIMBs pack, a temperature sensor, and a light‐emitting diode, is realized for the automatic detection of body temperature. Therefore, this strategy of fabricating highly conductive and mechanically stable printable ink will open a new avenue for developing high‐performance printable LIMBs for smart microelectronics.
Near‐Infrared‐II Quantum Dots for In Vivo Imaging and Cancer Therapy
Authors: Chen Lu‐Lu , Zhao Liang , Wang Zhi‐Gang , Liu Shu‐Lin , Pang Dai‐Wen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn vivo fluorescence imaging can perform real‐time, noninvasive, and high spatiotemporal resolution imaging to accurately obtain the dynamic biological information in vivo, which plays significant roles in the early diagnosis and treatment of cancer. However, traditional in vivo fluorescence imaging usually operates in the visible and near‐infrared (NIR)‐I windows, which are severely interfered by the strong tissue absorption, tissue scattering, and autofluorescence. The emergence of NIR‐II imaging at 1000–1700 nm significantly breaks through the imaging limitations in deep tissues, due to less tissue scattering and absorption. Benefiting from the outstanding optical properties of NIR‐II quantum dots (QDs), such as high brightness and good photostability, in vivo fluorescence imaging exhibits excellent temporal‐spatial resolution and large penetration depth, and QDs have become a kind of promising fluorescent biomarkers in the field of in vivo fluorescence imaging. Herein, the authors review NIR‐II QDs from preparation to modification, and summarize recent applications of NIR‐II QDs, including in vivo imaging and imaging‐guided therapies. Finally, they discuss the special concerns when NIR‐II QDs are shifted from in vivo imaging applications to further in‐depth applications.
Multifunctional Flavonoid‐Silica Nanohydrogel Enables Simultaneous Inhibition of Tumor Recurrence and Bacterial Infection in Post‐Surgical Treatment
Authors: Chu Binbin , Wu Sicong , Yang Yunmin , Song Bin , Wang Houyu , He Yao 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA strategy to synthesize water‐soluble and fluorescent flavonoid‐silica nanocomposites (FSiNCs) simultaneously featuring anti‐tumor and anti‐bacterial abilities is developed. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the therapeutic effects of FSiNCs are associated with the selective accumulation of reactive oxide species in both tumor and bacteria cells. Following that, the resultant FSiNCs are incorporated with thrombin and fibrinogen, being sprayed onto the tumor surgical wound site to in situ form fibrin gel (FSiNCs@Fibrin). Remarkably, such FSiNCs@Fibrin results in an ≈18‐fold reduction in intratumoral bacteria numbers and ≈12‐fold decrease in tumor regrowth compared to equivalent free flavonoid‐loaded gel.
Epitaxial Growth of Step‐Like Cr2S3 Lateral Homojunctions Towards Versatile Conduction Polarities and Enhanced Transistor Performances
Authors: Cui Fangfang , Zhao Xiaoxu , Tang Bin , Zhu Lijie , Huan Yahuan , Chen Qing , Liu Zheng , Zhang Yanfeng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFor expanding the applications of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), integrating functional devices with diverse conduction polarities in the same parent material is a very promising direction. Improving the contact issue at the metal‐semiconductor interface also holds fundamental significance. To achieve these concurrently, step‐like Cr2S3 vertical stacks with varied thicknesses are achieved via a one‐step chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method route. Various types of 2D Cr2S3 lateral homojunctions are thus naturally evolved, that is, pm‐ambipolar/n, p/ambipolar, ambipolar/n, and nm‐ambipolar/n junctions, allowing the integration of diverse conduction polarities in single Cr2S3 homojunctions. Significantly, on‐state current density and field‐effect mobility of the thinner 2D Cr2S3 flakes stacked below are detected to be ≈5 and ≈6 times increased in the lateral homojunctions, respectively. This work should hereby provide insights for designing 2D functional devices with simpler structures, for example, multipolar field‐effect transistors, photodetectors, and inverters, and provide fundamental references for optimizing the electrical performances of 2D materials related devices.
Reliable screening of beta2‐adrenoceptor ligands from Rheum palmatum L extract using a paper‐based chromatographic column containing the immobilized receptor
Authors: Xiong Xunyu , Nan Yefei , Yu Hongjiang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIsolation and identification of bioactive compounds from complex matrices like traditional Chinese medicines still challengeable because of the low specificity, efficiency and high false positive rate in the current screening methods. Herein, we reported a method for screening ligands of beta2‐adrenoceptor from Rheum palmatum L extract. The method involved in immobilization of beta2‐adrenoceptor on a paper material of polytetrafluoroethylene membrane by a site‐specific covalent method, characterization of the immobilized receptor by X ray photoelectron spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, parallel screening of Rheum palmatum L extract by immobilized beta2‐adrenoceptor column and the control column, identification of the screened compounds by mass spectrometry and the binding mechanism analysis of the screened compounds with beta2‐adrenoceptor by molecular docking. Morphological analysis showed beta2‐adrenoceptor was successfully immobilized. Aloe‐emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol, and physcion were screened as the potential bioactive compounds binding to the receptor from Rheum palmatum L extract. Van der Waals force and π‐π stacking interactions were the main driving forces for these compounds to bind with the receptor. These results indicated that paper‐based receptor chromatography with a peak‐missing strategy is reliable in screening and identifying bioactive compounds within medicinal plants that bind to G protein coupled receptors.
MEOX1 suppresses the progression of lung cancer cells by inhibiting the cell‐cycle checkpoint gene CCNB1
Authors: Xiao Xie , Rui Bi , Rui Hu , Ju Mei , Hongtao Liu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe previous study has shown that transcriptional factor MEOX1 could promote proliferation and sphere formation ability of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, however, we found that MEOX1 mRNA was lowly expressed in lung cancer tissues compared to that in normal adjacent tissues, and MEOX1 mRNA expression was positively correlated with the survival of lung cancer patients, especially in lung adenocarcinoma patients. Functional experiments using in vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that stable overexpression of MEOX1 significantly suppressed the proliferation ability, promoted cell cycle arrest in G2 phase, and apoptotic ability of NSCLC cells. Additionally, it was identified that MEOX1 and CCNB1 mRNA expression exhibited a negative correlation in different lung cancer tissues. Mechanistically, we indicated that MEOX1 bound to the transcriptional initiation site of CCNB1 and thus suppressed CCNB1 expression. Notably, CCNB1 overexpression rescued the inhibition of MEOX1 overexpression on NSCLC progression. This study deciphers a novel MEOX1/CCNB1 axis suppressing NSCLC progression.
Conformal blocks from celestial gluon amplitudes. Part II. Single-valued correlators
Authors: Fan Wei , Fotopoulos Angelos , Stieberger Stephan , Taylor Tomasz R. , Zhu Bin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In a recent paper, here referred to as part I, we considered the celestial four-gluon amplitude with one gluon represented by the shadow transform of the corresponding primary field operator. This correlator is ill-defined because it contains branch points related to the presence of conformal blocks with complex spin. In this work, we adopt a procedure similar to minimal models and construct a single-valued completion of the shadow correlator, in the limit when the shadow is “soft.” By following the approach of Dotsenko and Fateev, we obtain an integral representation of such a single-valued correlator. This allows inverting the shadow transform and constructing a single-valued celestial four-gluon amplitude. This amplitude is drastically different from the original Mellin amplitude. It is defined over the entire complex plane and has correct crossing symmetry, OPE and bootstrap properties. It agrees with all known OPEs of celestial gluon operators. The conformal block spectrum consists of primary fields with dimensions ∆ = m + iλ, with integer m ≥ 1 and various, but always integer spin, in all group representations contained in the product of two adjoint representations.
Mortality risk stratification in isolated severe traumatic brain injury using the revised cardiac risk index
Authors: Forssten Maximilian Peter , Bass Gary Alan , Scheufler Kai-Michael , Mohammad Ismail Ahmad , Cao Yang , Martin Niels Douglas , Sarani Babak , Mohseni Shahin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeTraumatic brain injury (TBI) continues to be a significant cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. As cardiovascular events are among the most common extracranial causes of death after a severe TBI, the Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI) could potentially aid in the risk stratification of this patient population. This investigation aimed to determine the association between the RCRI and in-hospital deaths among isolated severe TBI patients.MethodsAll adult patients registered in the TQIP database between 2013 and 2017 who suffered an isolated severe TBI, defined as a head AIS ≥ 3 with an AIS ≤ 1 in all other body regions, were included. Patients were excluded if they had a head AIS of 6. The association between different RCRI scores (0, 1, 2, 3, ≥ 4) and in-hospital mortality was analyzed using a Poisson regression model with robust standard errors while adjusting for potential confounders, with RCRI 0 as the reference.Results259,399 patients met the study’s inclusion criteria. RCRI 2 was associated with a 6% increase in mortality risk [adjusted IRR (95% CI) 1.06 (1.01–1.12),p = 0.027], RCRI 3 was associated with a 17% increased risk of mortality [adjusted IRR (95% CI) 1.17 (1.05–1.31),p = 0.004], and RCRI ≥ 4 was associated with a 46% increased risk of in-hospital mortality [adjusted IRR(95% CI) 1.46 (1.11–1.90),p = 0.006], compared to RCRI 0.ConclusionAn elevated RCRI ≥ 2 is significantly associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality among patients with an isolated severe traumatic brain injury. The simplicity and bedside applicability of the index makes it an attractive choice for risk stratification in this patient population.
Exploring thermosonication as non-chemical disinfection technology for strawberries
Authors: Nicolau-Lapeña Iolanda , Aguiló-Aguayo Ingrid , Anguera Marina , Viñas Inmaculada , Abadias Maribel 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe scope of this work was to study the efficacy of the combination of sonication at 35 or 130 kHz with three temperature treatments: 20, 50 and 55 ºC, on the population of artificially inoculated Listeria innocua in strawberries, and on their overall quality. Prior in vitro results showed that temperature was the main factor in decreasing L. innocua population: a maximum of 3.8 log reductions was obtained with sonication at 130 kHz and 55 ºC for 15 min Treatments combining—or not—sonication at 130 kHz with mild temperatures (50 and 55 ºC) for 5 or 10 min were able to decrease about 3 log units of artificially inoculated L. innocua in strawberries and about 2 log units of total aerobic mesophilic and yeasts and molds populations naturally occurring in strawberries. Thermosonication treatments did not exert a detrimental impact on fruit quality, except for those at the higher temperatures and times, which caused a change in color to more purplish and a little softening of the strawberries, which were proposed to be assessed for further processing other than fresh commercialization. Overall, the impact of sonication in fresh strawberries needs to be further investigated to find the adequate conditions to enhance the effects of temperature itself.
Automated multi-dose dispensing in persons with and without Alzheimer’s disease—impacts on pharmacotherapy
Authors: Vallius Sanna , Taipale Heidi , Koponen Marjaana , Tolppanen Anna-Maija , Tanskanen Antti , Hartikainen Sirpa , Tiihonen Miia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose
We investigated the drug use before and after transition to automated multi-dose dispensing (MDD) service among persons with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and compared whether the changes were similar in persons without AD.

Methods
The register-based Finnish nationwide MEDALZ cohort includes 70,718 community-dwelling persons diagnosed with AD during 2005–2011. Each person who initiated MDD was matched in both groups with a comparison person without MDD by age, gender and for persons with AD, also time since AD diagnosis at the start of MDD. The study cohort included 15,604 persons with AD in MDD and 15,604 no-MDD, and 5224 persons without AD in MDD and 5224 no-MDD. Point prevalence of drug use was assessed every 3 months, from 1 year before to 2 years after the start of MDD and compared between persons in MDD to those who did not have MDD.

Results
MDD was started on average 2.9 (SD 2.1) years after AD diagnosis. At the start of MDD, the prevalence of drug use increased especially for antipsychotics, antidepressants, opioids, paracetamol and use of ≥ 10 drugs among persons with and without AD. Prevalence of benzodiazepine use (from 12% 12 months before to 17% at start of MDD), memantine (from 29 to 46%) and ≥ 3 psychotropics (from 3.2 to 6.0%) increased among persons with AD. Decreasing trend was observed for benzodiazepine-related drugs, urinary antispasmodics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Conclusion
MDD seems to be initiated when use of psychotropics is initiated and the number of drugs increases.
The Effect of Size and Asymmetry at Birth on Brain Injury and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Parekh Shalin A. , Cox Stephany M. , Barkovich A. James , Chau Vann , Steurer Martina A. , Xu Duan , Miller Steven P. , McQuillen Patrick S. , Peyvandi Shabnam 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPoor and asymmetric fetal growth have been associated with neonatal brain injury (BI) and worse neurodevelopmental outcomes (NDO) in the growth-restricted population due to placental insufficiency. We tested the hypothesis that postnatal markers of fetal growth (birthweight (BW), head circumference (HC), and head to body symmetry) are associated with preoperative white matter injury (WMI) and NDO in infants with single ventricle physiology (SVP) and d-transposition of great arteries (TGA). 173 term newborns (106 TGA; 67 SVP) at two sites had pre-operative brain MRI to assess for WMI and measures of microstructural brain development. NDO was assessed at 30 months with the Bayley Scale of Infant Development-II (n = 69). We tested the association between growth parameters at birth with the primary outcome of WMI on the pre-operative brain MRI. Secondary outcomes included measures of NDO. Newborns with TGA were more likely to have growth asymmetry with smaller heads relative to weight while SVP newborns were symmetrically small. There was no association between BW, HC or asymmetry and WMI on preoperative brain MRI or with measures of microstructural brain development. Similarly, growth parameters at birth were not associated with NDO at 30 months. In a multivariable model only cardiac lesion and site were associated with NDO. Unlike other high-risk infant populations, postnatal markers of fetal growth including head to body asymmetry that is common in TGA is not associated with brain injury or NDO. Lesion type appears to play a more important role in NDO in CHD.
Leaf-cutting ants’ critical and voluntary thermal limits show complex responses to size, heating rates, hydration level, and humidity
Authors: Lima Cleverson , Helene André Frazão , Camacho Agustín 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThermal variation has complex effects on organisms and they respond to these effects through combined behavioral and physiological mechanisms. However, it is less clear how these traits combine in response to changes in body condition (e.g., size, hydration) and environmental factors that surround the heating process (e.g., relative humidity, start temperatures, heating rates). We tested whether these body conditions and environmental factors influence sequentially measured Voluntary Thermal Maxima (VTmax) and Critical Thermal Maxima, (CTmax) in leaf-cutting ants (Atta sexdens rubropilosa, Forel, 1908). VTmax and CTmax reacted differently to changes in body size and relative humidity, but exhibited similar responses to hydration level, start temperature, and heating rate. Strikingly, the VTmax of average-sized workers was closer to their CTmax than the VTmax of their smaller and bigger sisters, suggesting foragers maintain normal behavior at higher temperatures than sister ants that usually perform tasks within the colony. Previous experiments based on hot plate designs might overestimate ants’ CTmax. VTmax and CTmax may respond concomitantly or not to temperature rises, depending on body condition and environmental factors.
Parental occupational exposures in wood-related jobs and risk of testicular germ cell tumours in offspring in NORD-TEST a registry-based case–control study in Finland, Norway, and Sweden
Authors: Corbin Sara , Togawa Kayo , Schüz Joachim , Le Cornet Charlotte , Fervers Beatrice , Feychting Maria , Wiebert Pernilla , Hansen Johnni , Dalton Susanne Oksbjerg , Kjærheim Kristina , Nordby Karl-Christian , Østrem Ragnhild Strand , Skakkebæk Niels E. , Uuksulainen Sanni , Pukkala Eero , Olsson Ann 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective
We assessed the association between parental prenatal exposures in wood-related jobs and risk of testicular germ cell tumours (TGCT) in offspring.

Methods
NORD-TEST, a registry-based case–control study in Sweden, Finland and Norway, included 8112 TGCT cases diagnosed at ages 14–49 years between 1978 and 2012 with no history of prior cancer, and up to four controls matched to each case on year and country of birth. Parents of cases and controls were identified via linkages with the population registries and their occupational information was retrieved from censuses. The Nordic Occupational Cancer Study Job-Exposure Matrix was used to assign occupational exposures to each parent. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results
Maternal wood-related job was not associated with the risk of TGCT in offspring (OR 1.08, CI 0.55–2.14), while paternal wood-related job was associated with a decreased risk of TGCT in offspring (OR 0.85, CI 0.75–0.96). None of the specific wood-related jobs, such as upholsterers, sawyers, or construction carpenters, were significantly associated with a risk of TGCT. Only exception was observed in a sensitivity analysis which showed an increased risk in the small group of sons of fathers working as ‘cabinetmakers and joiners’ the year before conception (OR of 2.06, CI 1.00–4.25).

Conclusion
This large-scale NORD-TEST analysis provided no evidence of an association between parental prenatal exposures in wood-related jobs and TGCT in sons.