bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lipid production from Zygosaccharomyces siamensis AP1 using sequencing batch method with acetic acid as carbon source
Authors: Salsabila R , Ilmi M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Microbial lipid made by microorganisms is a promising feedstock to produce biodiesel. One important parameter in the production of microbial lipids is carbon sources. Low-cost carbon sources are one of the considerations for large-scale microbial lipid production. Acetic acid is a low-cost carbon source and can increase the rate of lipid accumulation due to its shorter metabolic pathway. This research aims to evaluate sequencing batch method to increase the lipid production of Zygosaccharomyces siamensis AP1 using carbon sources of acetic acid. The optimum acetic acid for lipid production was first determined by growing the strain in Nitrogen Limited Medium (NLM) with varying concentrations of acetic acid (5 to 40 g/L). Effect of pre-culturing was determined next by growing the yeast in Nitrogen Rich Medium (NRM) with varied acetic acid concentration (5-40 g/L) before lipid production in optimised NLM. Lastly, sequencing batch cultivation was carried out using the optimised pre-culture medium (NRM) and the production medium (NLM). The result shows that Z. siamensis AP1 obtained its highest lipid production when the yeast was grown with 40 g / L of acetic acid. Total lipid increased by 64 % when yeast was pre-culture in NRM containing 40 g/L acetic acid. Sequencing batch method resulted in biomass and total lipid of 0.61 g/L and 0.48 g/L, respectively. Half of the lipid was produced extracellularly. This study suggests that acetic acid can be used as a single carbon source in lipid production from Z. siamensis AP1. It also shows that sequencing batch method with pre-culturing can increase the lipid production. Besides, the method triggers excretion of the produced lipid out of the yeast cells. Further study to investigate the role of acetic acid in Z. siamensis AP1 extracellular lipid production is suggested.
Redistribution of Sumatran orangutan in the Leuser ecosystem due to dispersal constraints and climate change
Authors: Condro A A , Prasetyo L B , Rushayati S B , Santikayasa I P , Iskandar E 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii) is one of the great apes that lives in Asia. The species’ population suffered a significant reduction due to altered habitat and climate shifting; thus, this species is critically endangered (CR) based on The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) red list. Nowadays, the vast majority of the species only occur in the Leuser ecosystem (LE). The population estimation of Sumatran orangutan towards ground-truthing methods still became a challenge to carry out conservation planning; therefore, the ecological niche modeling (ENM) will be a gan excellent alternative to evaluate this species’ population dynamics. Here we present the potential distribution changes of the Sumatran orangutan in the LE under mitigation and business as usual (BAU) scenarios of climate change. This study also conducted the effects of environmental constraint (i.e., deforestation and rivers) on the Sumatran orangutan’s future dispersal in LE. We collected the Sumatran orangutan occurrences data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and literature reviews of orangutan inventory in the Leuser ecosystem. The ENM and dispersal constraints have been conducted using ENMTML and MigClim R package script-codes, respectively. This study provides novel information regarding future orangutan distribution.
Effect of microplastics and natural microparticles on green Mussel (Perna viridis)
Authors: Putri A R , Zamani N P , Bengen D G 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
There are so many studies of microplastics on marine animals, but almost all of them do not compare the effect of microplastics with natural microparticles which are also can be a stressor for the animals. This can lead us to overestimate the effect of microplastics on marine animals. Therefore we conducted a study to see whether the effect of microplastics was the same as the effect of natural microparticles on green mussels (Perna viridis). This research was conducted experimentally in the laboratory for 21 days. Green mussels were exposed to PVC as microplastics and red clay as natural microparticles with 3 different concentrations (1.5 mg/l, 15 mg/l and 150 mg/l). We observed mortality, clearance rates, and BCI index. Clearance rates and mortality values were not statistically significant, while the BCI results showed that the effects of PVC and red clay at each concentration were only less than 10%. This suggests that the effect of microplastics and natural microparticles is similar, and it is necessary to include natural microparticles as a comparison in research related to microplastics.
Food preferences of Bornean orangutan in Lamandau Wildlife Sanctuary, Central Kalimantan
Authors: Widiani E , Rahman D A , Mardiastuti A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) is one of the world’s most endangered primates. Orangutan food is highly varied, depending on its habitat. This research was conducted in Lamandau Wildlife Sanctuary, aimed to identify Bornean Orangutan food, and estimate their food preferences. The research was conducted on February-March 2020, by following 5 rehabilitated orangutans for 195 hours by 2 observers. Using Jacobs preference index (Di), food were categorized as highly preferred, preferred, less preferred, and not preferred. There were 33 tree species (18 families) consumed. Oorangutans also consumed insects, lianas, mushrooms, herbs, soil, and some additional food provided by the Wildlife Sanctuary Manager. Parts of tree selected as the most preferred food are fruits (73.3%), they also eat other parts of the tree including young leaves, flowers, bark, and shoots. Highly preferred food for Orangutans were ‘katikal’ (Ochanostachys amentacea; fruit, Di 0.95), ‘gandis’ (Garcinia parvifolia; fruit, Di 0.83), ‘kekupui’ (Sarcotheca diversifolia; young leaves, Di 0.78), and ‘malukan’ (fruit, Di 0.56). Other trees selected for food were categorized as preferred food (6 species), less preferred (11 species) and not preferred food (7 species). Other 5 species were uncategorized due to a lack of data.
The effect of plastic debris attachment to the health of branching corals in Kelapa Dua Island, Thousand Islands
Authors: Muhammad F , Zamani N P , Ismet M S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Plastic marine debris are a potential threat to the life of marine organisms such as corals. This study aimed to analyze the effect of different plastic waste attachments on the bleaching rate and the health of branching corals at Kelapa Dua Island. Branching coral colonies consisted of 15 fragments of Porites cylidrica at the water depth of 80-90 cm, then treated with plastic waste (control, clear plastic, sack plastic, packaging plastic, and black plastic) for four days. Determination of color changes in corals was determined using Adobe Photoshop CC 2019 and Image j software to obtain the area of the discoloration. The treatment with black plastic became most impactful, with a discoloration area of 5.33 ± 0.48 cm2 and a healthy percentage of 73.62 ± 2.00%. Results of the linear regression between coral discoloration rate and light intensity showed a negative correlation, with r = -0.77 and R2 = 0.59, then between the percentage of coral health and light intensity showed a positive correlation, with r = 0.83 and R2 = 0.69. These results indicated that the decrease in light intensity due to the covered plastic debris affected the discoloration rate and the health percentage of branching coral.
Visualization of agroecological suitability of peatland to pineapple productivity in Kampar District with Fuzzy approach
Authors: Putra F M , Sitanggang I S , Sobir  , Gusmendasari R 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Pineapple is one of the peat-friendly plants in fire prevention and peatland restoration. The nature and characteristics of the soil are the basis for developing sustainable agroecology. This study aims to create a visualization module of pineapple agro-ecological suitability in peatland. This study uses a Fuzzy inference system to determine the suitability of pineapple land. It visualizes the results in the study area of Kampar District, Riau Province, Indonesia using ArcGIS online. This study resulted in peatlands’ agro-ecological suitability with three limiting factors, particularly climate, soil, and peat characteristics. Based on the climate factors, Kampar District is moderately suitable (S2) and marginally suitable (S3) for cultivating pineapple. Based on the soil factors, Kampar District is an unsuitable class (N), moderately suitable (S2), and marginally suitable (S3) for cultivating pineapple. Kampar District is an unsuitable class (N), moderately suitable (S2), and marginally suitable (S3) for cultivating pineapple based on peat characteristics. Analysis of the agro-ecological suitability of peatlands and pineapple productivity in Kampar District concluded that the land suitability was moderately suitable (S2) and marginally suitable (S3) categories. This study’s results are expected to be used as decision support in increasing the productivity of pineapple in peatlands in the Kampar District.
The relationship of total macro marine debris abundance with total seagrass density in Tidung Kecil Island, DKI Jakarta
Authors: Aji J S , Lestari D F 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Marine debris is an object that is produced by human activities and is wasted around the coast or marine environment. The research aims to examine the composition, density, frequency, coverage of seagrass, and abundance of macro marine debris and to determine the relationship between total macro marine debris abundance and total seagrass density in Tidung Kecil Island. Observation of marine debris and seagrass samples was carried out using the seagrasswatch method. The relationship between marine debris abundance and seagrass density is knowing by linear regression and pearson correlation. The composition of seagrass in Tidung Kecil Island was found in four species Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, and Halophila ovalis. The highest density of seagrass species was E. acoroides and the lowest was H. ovalis. The highest frequency of seagrass species was T. hemprichii and the lowest was H. ovalis. The highest type of seagrass cover was T. hemprichii and the lowest was H. ovalis. The highest abundance of macro marine debris is plastic and the lowest is metal. The relationship between the abundance of macro marine debris and the abundance of seagrass species is negative.
Assessing solid waste management strategy in higher education institutions of Indonesia: A case study of IPB University
Authors: Rugatiri J , Abidin Z , Ismail A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Globally, the solid waste management sector is facing numerous challenges. To encourage solid waste management IPB University launched the Green Campus program 2020. The critical success of this program was fulfilled by awareness with the participation of the family of IPB University. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between the awareness and respective practices’ in solid waste management, among IPB University students. The study employed a descriptive research design with (n=108) randomly selected students. Data were analyzed and interpreted by using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study revealed that the students are highly aware of solid waste management, and also the students have good practices in terms of proper reducing and reusing, but moderately proper segregation, recycling, and disposal practices. The level of awareness of the students is influenced by their practices in waste segregation, reduction, reuse, and recycling but not influenced by their practices in terms of disposal. The study also revealed that the most waste generated in University dormitories was plastic bags, leftovers food, tissue papers, and cans waste. Meaningful recommendations were suggested to raise awareness among students in proper segregation and disposal practices.
Bicycle lanes to improve road user safety and urban air quality
Authors: Nurfaizi N , Sari N 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The government should provide paths for pedestrians and cyclists base on Indonesia Government Regulation No. 22 of 2009. Kampung Inggris located in Pare District is a destination for local tourists to learn English. Tourists and residents in Pare sub-district use bicycles for their daily mobility. Currently, there is a mix of traffic in the Pare Central Business Districts (CBD), this is due to the unavailability of bicycle lanes in that area. The purpose of this research is to determine a bicycle lane to improve cyclist safety and improve air quality in the Pare CBD. The analytical method used in this research is stochastic traffic assignment to assign the bicycle route by using the Origin-Destination of the cyclist. The results showed the origin-destination movement for bicycle users in Pare District is mostly directed to Tulungrejo, Pare, Tretek. There are three alternative routes based on the results of the analysis which will serve as a typical bicycle route in the Pare CBD. There are several facilities to support typical bicycle lanes such as markers, traffic signs, and bicycle parking which must be prepared and equipped to support typical bicycle lane planning facilities in the Pare CBD.
An evaluation of Dumagat/Remontado tribe as potential forest resource managers: the case of upper Marikina River basin Protected landscape, Philippines
Authors: Moussavi S , Navarra N 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Dumagat/Remontados belong to an indigenous community in Rizal Province, Philippines. Being the original inhabitants of the forest they have built strong ties to their lands as a result of living in the forest for generations. However, despite their rich knowledge in conserving and protecting their lands, these communities are still considered as an unimportant community in decision makings by lawmakers. Modern technology has made some of these communities leave the forest and settle in urbanized areas to find a better life. This research stresses the important role of Dumagat/Remontado’s Tribe living in the upper Marikina river basin protected landscape, in managing and conserving the forest. The study involves interviews with the Chieftains of five selected villages and members of Dumagat/Remontado’s tribe, site visits, and photo-documentations. Findings revealed all the communities still have strong ties to their traditional beliefs but communities that are still living in the forest and in their ancestral lands have stronger connections to their ancestral lands, traditional beliefs, and practices which have resulted in better management of the forest and its resources.
Ethnotaxonomy of food plants in Gayo People: a case study in the Jabodetabek community
Authors: Hidayati S , Sunkar A , Suansa N I , Fuadah A S , Hartoyo A P P 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Traditional knowledge (TK) of indigenous people is of utmost importance for the conservation of many plant species at the grassroots level, in particular food plants, as the main resource for human survival. For the past two decades, a novel path of research has emerged justifying the focus of linguistic ethnobiology on ethnotaxonomy, used by the local communities to symbolize biodiversity. The co-occurrence of linguistic, cultural, and biological diversities at a global level, are recognizable as evidence for a mutually dependent relationship known as biocultural diversity. Traditional knowledge and language come together to provide an ethnotaxonomical system of biodiversity. This study focuses on the ethnotaxonomy of food plants to document the TK of the Gayo ethnic group residing in Jabodetabek. Using Focus Group Discussion and in-depth interviews, this study found 218 species of food plants encoding TK related to morphology (80), ecology (35), utility (11), and quality (9) of the taxa. Our study indicated that ethnotaxonomy showed a remarkable ability to encode TK of multiple taxa. However, 83 documented taxa were unanalysable, suggesting the possibility of TK erosion within the community. Anyone wanting to conserve biocultural diversity should take into account the potentials of folk names as condensed biocultural knowledge.
Wildlife species prone to road kill: case in Rawa Aopa Watumohai National Park, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Purnomo T , Kusrini M D , Mardiastuti A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Wild animals sometimes accidentally got killed when they try to cross the road in their habitat. However, data and information on the road kill/mortality of wild animals in Indonesia was still lacking. The objective of this study was to record and analyze the road kill (e.g.e species and number) along the 22,4 km highway in Rawa Aopa Watumohai National Park, Southeast Sulawesi. Road kills were observed during February-March 2020 through series of driving along the highway by motorcycle. Data collected were species and number of road kill, as well as number of vehicles passing by. A total of 529 individuals from 37 species were found accidentally killed of which about half (49,3%) happened along the beginning of the highway (km 0-10). Species prone to road kill were identifed, naley 19 species of bird (mostly Tricoloured Munia, Lesser Coucal, Zitting Cisticola), 3 species of small mammals (mostly Ricefield Rat), 10 species of reptileses species (mostly Water Monitor and Matana Mud Snake), and 5 species of amphibians species (mostly Crested Toad). Big mammals (Booted Macaque, Wild Boar) were not prone to road kill. There was a positive correlation (r=0,721) between the number of vehicle and the number of road kill.
Sertoli cell replacement in explanted mouse testis tissue supporting host spermatogenesis†
Authors: Higuchi Kazusa , Matsumura Takafumi , Akiyama Haruhiko , Kanai Yoshiakira , Ogawa Takehiko , Sato Takuya 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Spermatogenesis takes place in the seminiferous tubules, starting from the spermatogonial stem cell and maturing into sperm through multiple stages of cell differentiation. Sertoli cells, the main somatic cell constituting the seminiferous tubule, are in close contact with every germ cell and play pivotal roles in the progression of spermatogenesis. In this study, we developed an in vitro Sertoli cell replacement method by combining an organ culture technique and a toxin receptor-mediated cell knockout system. We used Amh-diphtheria toxin receptor transgenic mice, whose Sertoli cells specifically express human diphtheria toxin receptor, which renders them sensitive to diphtheria toxin. An immature Amh-diphtheria toxin receptor testis was transplanted with the donor testis cells followed by culturing in a medium containing diphtheria toxin. This procedure successfully replaced the original Sertoli cells with the transplanted Sertoli cells, and spermatogenesis originating from resident germ cells was confirmed. In addition, Sertoli cells in the mouse testis tissues were replaced by transplanted rat Sertoli cells within culture conditions without requiring immunosuppressive treatments. This method works as a functional assay system, making it possible to evaluate any cells that might function as Sertoli cells. It would also be possible to investigate interactions between Sertoli and germ cells more closely, providing a new platform for the study of spermatogenesis and its impairments.
Differential localization of serotoninergic system elements in human amniotic epithelial cells
Authors: Romero-Reyes Jessica , Vázquez-Martínez Edgar Ricardo , Bahena-Alvarez Daniel , López-Jiménez Jessica , Molina-Hernández Anayansi , Camacho-Arroyo Ignacio , Díaz Néstor Fabián 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSerotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a biogenic amine involved in regulating several functions, including development. However, its impact on human embryo development has been poorly studied. The present work investigated the expression and distribution of the main components of the serotoninergic system in human amniotic tissue and human amniotic epithelial cells (hAEC) in vitro, as an alternative model of early human embryo development. Amniotic membranes from full-term healthy pregnancies were used. Human amnion tissue or hAEC isolated from the amnion was processed for reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence analyses of the main components of the serotoninergic system. We found the expression of tryptophan hydroxylase type 1 (TPH1), type 2 (TPH2), serotonin transporter (SERT), monoamine oxidase-A (MAOA), as well as HTR1D and HTR7 receptors at mRNA level in amnion tissue as well in hAEC. Interestingly, we found the presence of 5-HT in the nucleus of the cells in amnion tissue, whereas it was located in the cytoplasm of isolated hAEC. We detected TPH1, TPH2, and HTR1D receptor in both the nucleus and cytoplasm. SERT, MAOA, and HTR7 receptor were only observed in the cytoplasm. The results presented herein show, for the first time, the presence of the serotoninergic system in human amnion in vivo and in vitro.
The molecular mechanisms supporting the homeostasis and activation of dendritic epidermal T cell and its role in promoting wound healing
Authors: Chen Cheng , Meng Ziyu , Ren He , Zhao Na , Shang Ruoyu , He Weifeng , Hao Jianlei 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe epidermis is the outermost layer of skin and the first barrier against invasion. Dendritic epidermal T cells (DETCs) are a subset of γδ T cells and an important component of the epidermal immune microenvironment. DETCs are involved in skin wound healing, malignancy and autoimmune diseases. DETCs secrete insulin-like growth factor-1 and keratinocyte growth factor for skin homeostasis and re-epithelization and release inflammatory factors to adjust the inflammatory microenvironment of wound healing. Therefore, an understanding of their development, activation and correlative signalling pathways is indispensable for the regulation of DETCs to accelerate wound healing. Our review focuses on the above-mentioned molecular mechanisms to provide a general research framework to regulate and control the function of DETCs.
Prediction of Stock Prices Using Statistical and Machine Learning Models: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Prasad Venkata Vara , Gumparthi Srinivas , Venkataramana Lokeswari Y , Srinethe S , Sruthi Sree R M , Nishanthi K 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
With the advent of machine learning, numerous approaches have been proposed to forecast stock prices. Various models have been developed to date such as Recurrent Neural Networks, Long Short-Term Memory, Convolutional Neural Network sliding window, etc., but were not accurate enough. Here, the aim is to predict the price of a stock and compare the results obtained using three major algorithms namely Kalman filters, XGBoost and ARIMA. Kalman filters are recursive and use a feedback mechanism to perform error correction. This correction makes them best suited for making accurate predictions as they can factor in the market volatility, whereas XGBoost is a promising technique for datasets that are nonlinear and can gather knowledge by detecting patterns and relationships in the data. XGBoost is also capable of capturing the time dependency of features efficiently. ARIMA refers to an Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average model that has become very popular in recent times. It is mostly used on time series data and works by eliminating its stationarity. Finally, a hybrid model combining Kalman filters and XGBoostis discussed and a comparison of the results of each of the four models, are made to provide a better clarity for making investments by forecasting the price of a stock.