bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organ-specific transcriptome analysis reveals differential gene expression in different castes under natural conditions in Apis cerana
Authors: Kang Igojo , Kim Woojin , Lim Jae Yun , Lee Yun , Shin Chanseok 
Published: May 2021

AbstractHoneybees are one of the most environmentally important insects, as their pollination of various plant species contributes to the balance among different ecosystems. It has been studied extensively for their unique attribute of forming a caste society. Unlike other insects, honeybees communicate socially by secreting pheromones or by exhibiting specific patterns of motion. In the honeybee industry, the Asian honeybees (Apis cerana) and the Western honeybees (Apis mellifera) are dominant species. However, molecular research on the transcriptomes of A. cerana has not been studied as extensively as those of A. mellifera. Therefore, in this study, caste-specific transcriptional differences were analyzed, which provides a comprehensive analysis of A. cerana. In our dataset, we analyzed gene expression profiles using organs from worker, drone, and queen bees. This gene-expression profile helped us obtain more detailed information related to organ-specific genes, immune response, detoxification mechanisms, venom-specific genes, and ovary development. From our result, we found 4096 transcripts representing different gene-expression pattern in each organ. Our results suggest that caste-specific transcripts of each organ were expressed differently even under natural conditions. These transcriptome-wide analyses provide new insights into A. cerana and that promote honeybee research and conservation.
Effects of integrase inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy on brain outcomes according to time since acquisition of HIV-1 infection
Authors: Prats Anna , Martínez-Zalacaín Ignacio , Mothe Beatriz , Negredo Eugènia , Pérez-Álvarez Núria , Garolera Maite , Domènech-Puigcerver Sira , Coll Pep , Meulbroek Michael , Chamorro Anna , Fumaz Carmina R. , Ferrer Maria J. , Clotet Bonaventura , Soriano-Mas Carles , Muñoz-Moreno Jose A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIntegrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTI) are a main component of the current antiretroviral regimens recommended for treatment of HIV infection. However, little is known about the impact of INSTI on neurocognition and neuroimaging. We developed a prospective observational trial to evaluate the effects of INSTI-based antiretroviral therapy on comprehensive brain outcomes (cognitive, functional, and imaging) according to the time since HIV-1 acquisition. We recruited men living with HIV who initiated antiretroviral therapy with INSTI < 3 months since the estimated date of HIV-1 acquisition (n = 12) and > 6 months since estimated date of HIV-1 acquisition (n = 15). We also recruited a group of matched seronegative individuals (n = 15). Assessments were performed at baseline (before initiation of therapy in HIV arms) and at weeks 4 and 48. Baseline cognitive functioning was comparable between the arms. At week 48, we did not find cognitive differences between starting therapy with INSTI earlier than 3 months or later than 6 months after acquisition of HIV-1 infection. Functional status was poorer in individuals diagnosed earlier. This effect recovered 48 weeks after initiation of therapy. Regarding brain imaging, we found that men living with HIV initiating antiretroviral therapy later experienced a greater decrease in medial orbitofrontal cortex over time, with expected negative repercussions for decision-making tasks.
Berberine modulates hyper-inflammation in mouse macrophages stimulated with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid via calcium-CHOP/STAT pathway
Authors: Kim Hyun-Ju , Kim Young-Jin , Park Wansu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBerberine is a well-known quaternary ammonium salt that is usually found in the roots of such plants as Phellodendron amurense and Coptis chinensis. However, the effects of berberine on double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-induced macrophages have not been fully reported. In this study, we examined the anti-inflammatory effects of berberine on dsRNA [polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid; poly I:C]-induced macrophages. Levels of nitric oxide (NO), Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), first apoptosis signal receptor (Fas; CD95), cytokines, intracellular calcium, phosphorylated I-kappa-B-alpha (IkB-α), phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphorylated ERK1/2, phosphorylated signal transducer and activated transcription 3 (STAT3), and mRNA expression of inflammatory genes in poly I:C-induced RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages were evaluated. Berberine significantly inhibited the production of NO, PGE2, Fas, GM-CSF, LIF, LIX, RANTES, and MIP-2 as well as calcium release in poly I:C-induced RAW 264.7 cells at concentrations of up to 50 μM. Berberine also significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, ERK1/2, IkB-α, and STAT3 in poly I:C-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Additionally, berberine significantly decreased the mRNA expressions of Chop (GADD153), Stat1, Stat3, and Fas in poly I:C-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Taken together, berberine has anti-inflammatory properties related to its inhibition of NO, PGE2, Fas, GM-CSF, LIF, LIX, RANTES, and MIP-2 in dsRNA-induced macrophages via the endoplasmic reticulum stress-related calcium-CHOP/STAT pathway.
Trace compounds in Early Medieval Egyptian blue carry information on provenance, manufacture, application, and ageing
Authors: Dariz Petra , Schmid Thomas 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOnly a few scientific evidences for the use of Egyptian blue in Early Medieval wall paintings in Central and Southern Europe have been reported so far. The monochrome blue fragment discussed here belongs to the second church building of St. Peter above Gratsch (South Tyrol, Northern Italy, fifth/sixth century A.D.). Beyond cuprorivaite and carbon black (underpainting), 26 accessory minerals down to trace levels were detected by means of Raman microspectroscopy, providing unprecedented insights into the raw materials blend and conversion reactions during preparation, application, and ageing of the pigment. In conjunction with archaeological evidences for the manufacture of Egyptian blue in Cumae and Liternum and the concordant statements of the antique Roman writers Vitruvius and Pliny the Elder, natural impurities of the quartz sand speak for a pigment produced at the northern Phlegrean Fields (Campania, Southern Italy). Chalcocite (and chalcopyrite) suggest the use of a sulphidic copper ore, and water-insoluble salts a mixed-alkaline flux in the form of plant ash. Not fully reacted quartz crystals partly intergrown with cuprorivaite and only minimal traces of silicate glass portend solid-state reactions predominating the chemical reactions during synthesis, while the melting of the raw materials into glass most likely played a negligible role.
Molecular profiling of the intestinal mucosa and immune cells of the colon by multi-parametric histological techniques
Authors: Zadka Łukasz , Chrabaszcz Karolina , Buzalewicz Igor , Wiercigroch Ewelina , Glatzel-Plucińska Natalia , Szleszkowski Łukasz , Gomułkiewicz Agnieszka , Piotrowska Aleksandra , Kurnol Krzysztof , Dzięgiel Piotr , Jurek Tomasz , Malek Kamilla 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe impact of the post-mortem interval (PMI) on the optical molecular characteristics of the colonic mucosa and the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) were examined by multi-parametric measurements techniques. Inflammatory cells were identified by immunohistochemical staining. Molecular parameters were estimated using the Raman spectroscopy (RS) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic imaging. The 3D refractive index (3D-RI) distributions of samples were determined using the digital holographic tomography. The distribution of immune cells between post-mortem (PM) and normal controls did show significant differences for CD4 (P = 0.0016) or CD8 (P < 0.0001), whose expression level was decreased in PM cases. No association was found between individual PMI values and inflammatory cell distribution. However, there was a tendency for a negative correlation between CD4+ cells and PMI (r = − 0.542, P = 0.032). The alterations ongoing in post-mortem tissue may suggest that PMI has a suppressive effect on the effector properties of the cell-mediated immunity. Moreover, it was confirmed that spectroscopic and digital holotomographic histology are also a useful technique for characterization of the differences in inflammation of varying intensity and in GALT imaging in a solid tissue. Anatomical location of immune cells and methods of tissue fixation determine the molecular and optical parameters of the examined cases.
Rapid brain structure and tumour margin detection on whole frozen tissue sections by fast multiphotometric mid-infrared scanning
Authors: Kümmel Tim , van Marwick Björn , Rittel Miriam , Ramallo Guevara Carina , Wühler Felix , Teumer Tobias , Wängler Björn , Hopf Carsten , Rädle Matthias 
Published: May 2021

AbstractFrozen section analysis is a frequently used method for examination of tissue samples, especially for tumour detection. In the majority of cases, the aim is to identify characteristic tissue morphologies or tumour margins. Depending on the type of tissue, a high number of misdiagnoses are associated with this process. In this work, a fast spectroscopic measurement device and workflow was developed that significantly improves the speed of whole frozen tissue section analyses and provides sufficient information to visualize tissue structures and tumour margins, dependent on their lipid and protein molecular vibrations. That optical and non-destructive method is based on selected wavenumbers in the mid-infrared (MIR) range. We present a measuring system that substantially outperforms a commercially available Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Imaging system, since it enables acquisition of reduced spectral information at a scan field of 1 cm2 in 3 s, with a spatial resolution of 20 µm. This allows fast visualization of segmented structure areas with little computational effort. For the first time, this multiphotometric MIR system is applied to biomedical tissue sections. We are referencing our novel MIR scanner on cryopreserved murine sagittal and coronal brain sections, especially focusing on the hippocampus, and show its usability for rapid identification of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in mouse liver.
Environmental factors, winter respiratory infections and the seasonal variation in heart failure admissions
Authors: Aronson Doron 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSeasonal cycles of AHF are causally attributed to the seasonal pattern of respiratory tract infections. However, this assumption has never been formally validated. We aimed to determine whether the increase in winter admissions for acute heart failure (AHF) can be explained by seasonal infectious diseases. We studied 12,147 patients admitted for AHF over a period of 11 years (2005–2015). Detailed virology and bacteriology data were collected on each patient. Meteorological information including daily temperature and relative humidity was obtained for the same period. The peak-to-low ratio, indicating the intensity of seasonality, was calculated using negative binomial regression-derived incidence rate ratios (IRR). AHF admissions occurred with a striking annual periodicity, peaking in winter (December-February) and were lowest in summer (June–August), with a seasonal amplitude (January vs. August) of 2.00 ([95% CI 1.79–2.24]. Occurrence of confirmed influenza infections was low (1.59%). Clinical diagnoses of respiratory infections, confirmed influenza infections, and influenza-like infections also followed a strong seasonal pattern (P < 0.0001; Peak/low ratio 2.42 [95% CI 1.394–3.03]). However, after exclusion of all respiratory infections, the seasonal variation in AHF remained robust (Peak/low ratio January vs. August, 1.81 [95% CI 1.60–2.05]; P < 0.0001). There was a strong inverse association between AHF admissions and average monthly temperature (IRR 0.95 per 1℃ increase; 95% CI 0.94 to 0.96). In conclusion, these is a dominant seasonal modulation of AHF admissions which is only partly explained by the incidence of winter respiratory infections. Environmental factors modify the susceptibility of heart failure patients to decompensation.
Cortical proteins may provide motor resilience in older adults
Authors: Buchman Aron S. , Yu Lei , Oveisgharan Shahram , Petyuk Vladislav A. , Tasaki Shinya , Gaiteri Chris , Wilson Robert S. , Grodstein Francine , Schneider Julie A. , Klein Hans-Ulrich , De Jager Philip L. , Bennett David A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMotor resilience proteins may be a high value therapeutic target that offset the negative effects of pathologies on motor function. This study sought to identify cortical proteins associated with motor decline unexplained by brain pathologies that provide motor resilience. We studied 1226 older decedents with annual motor testing, postmortem brain pathologies and quantified 226 proteotypic peptides in prefrontal cortex. Twenty peptides remained associated with motor decline in models controlling for ten brain pathologies (FDR < 0.05). Higher levels of nine peptides and lower levels of eleven peptides were related to slower decline. A higher motor resilience protein score based on averaging the levels of all 20 peptides was related to slower motor decline, less severe parkinsonism and lower odds of mobility disability before death. Cortical proteins may provide motor resilience. Targeting these proteins in further drug discovery may yield novel interventions to maintain motor function in old age.
Interrelationship between daily COVID-19 cases and average temperature as well as relative humidity in Germany
Authors: Ganegoda Naleen Chaminda , Wijaya Karunia Putra , Amadi Miracle , Erandi K. K. W. Hasitha , Aldila Dipo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCOVID-19 pandemic continues to obstruct social lives and the world economy other than questioning the healthcare capacity of many countries. Weather components recently came to notice as the northern hemisphere was hit by escalated incidence in winter. This study investigated the association between COVID-19 cases and two components, average temperature and relative humidity, in the 16 states of Germany. Three main approaches were carried out in this study, namely temporal correlation, spatial auto-correlation, and clustering-integrated panel regression. It is claimed that the daily COVID-19 cases correlate negatively with the average temperature and positively with the average relative humidity. To extract the spatial auto-correlation, both global Moran’s $${\mathscr {I}}$$
I
and global Geary’s $${\mathscr {C}}$$
C
were used whereby no significant difference in the results was observed. It is evident that randomness overwhelms the spatial pattern in all the states for most of the observations, except in recent observations where either local clusters or dispersion occurred. This is further supported by Moran’s scatter plot, where states’ dynamics to and fro cold and hot spots are identified, rendering a traveling-related early warning system. A random-effects model was used in the sense of case-weather regression including incidence clustering. Our task is to perceive which ranges of the incidence that are well predicted by the existing weather components rather than seeing which ranges of the weather components predicting the incidence. The proposed clustering-integrated model associated with optimal barriers articulates the data well whereby weather components outperform lag incidence cases in the prediction. Practical implications based on marginal effects follow posterior to model diagnostics.
1H NMR based metabolic profiling distinguishes the differential impact of capture techniques on wild bighorn sheep
Authors: O’Shea-Stone Galen , Lambert Rachelle , Tripet Brian , Berardinelli James , Thomson Jennifer , Copié Valerie , Garrott Robert 
Published: May 2021

AbstractEnvironmental metabolomics has the potential to facilitate the establishment of a new suite of tools for assessing the physiological status of important wildlife species. A first step in developing such tools is to evaluate the impacts of various capture techniques on metabolic profiles as capture is necessary to obtain the biological samples required for assays. This study employed 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolite profiling of 562 blood serum samples from wild bighorn sheep to identify characteristic molecular serum makers of three capture techniques (dart, dropnet, and helicopter-based captures) to inform future sampling protocols for metabolomics studies, and to provide insights into the physiological impacts of capture. We found that different capture techniques induce distinct changes in amino acid serum profiles, the urea cycle, and glycolysis, and attribute the differences in metabolic patterns to differences in physical activity and stress caused by the different capture methods. These results suggest that when designing experiments involving the capture of wild animals, it may be prudent to employ a single capture technique to reduce confounding factors. Our results also supports administration of tranquilizers as soon as animals are restrained to mitigate short-term physiological and metabolic responses when using pursuit and physical restraint capture techniques.
A single resistance factor to solve vineyard degeneration due to grapevine fanleaf virus
Authors: Djennane Samia , Prado Emilce , Dumas Vincent , Demangeat Gérard , Gersch Sophie , Alais Anne , Gertz Claude , Beuve Monique , Lemaire Olivier , Merdinoglu Didier 
Published: May 2021

AbstractGrapevine fanleaf disease, caused by grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), transmitted by the soil-borne nematode Xiphinema index, provokes severe symptoms and economic losses, threatening vineyards worldwide. As no effective solution exists so far to control grapevine fanleaf disease in an environmentally friendly way, we investigated the presence of resistance to GFLV in grapevine genetic resources. We discovered that the Riesling variety displays resistance to GFLV, although it is susceptible to X. index. This resistance is determined by a single recessive factor located on grapevine chromosome 1, which we have named rgflv1. The discovery of rgflv1 paves the way for the first effective and environmentally friendly solution to control grapevine fanleaf disease through the development of new GFLV-resistant grapevine rootstocks, which was hitherto an unthinkable prospect. Moreover, rgflv1 is putatively distinct from the virus susceptibility factors already described in plants.
Antiviral surfaces and coatings and their mechanisms of action
Authors: Rakowska Paulina D. , Tiddia Mariavitalia , Faruqui Nilofar , Bankier Claire , Pei Yiwen , Pollard Andrew J. , Zhang Junting , Gilmore Ian S. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractViral infections are a serious health challenge, and the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the demand for antiviral measures and treatments for clean surfaces, especially in public places. Here, we review a range of natural and synthetic surface materials and coatings with antiviral properties, including metals, polymers and biopolymers, graphene and antimicrobial peptides, and their underpinning antiviral mechanisms. We also discuss the physico-chemical properties of surfaces which influence virus attachment and persistence on surfaces. Finally, an overview is given of the current practices and applications of antiviral and virucidal materials and coatings in consumer products, personal protective equipment, healthcare and public settings.
Control of crystal size tailors the electrochemical performance of α-V2O5 as a Mg2+ intercalation host
Authors: Johnson Ian D. , Stapleton Natalie , Nolis Gene , Bauer Dustin , Parajuli Prakash , Yoo Hyun Deog , Yin Liang , Ingram Brian J. , Klie Robert F. , Lapidus Saul , Darr Jawwad A. , Cabana Jordi 
Published: May 2021

Nanosizing α-V2O5 inhibits delamination during cycling in Mg electrolytes, reducing the voltage hysteresis and energy loss on the first cycle. This observation indicates that other factors, not just Mg diffusion, contribute to this energy loss.
Informant (Dis)Agreement on Ratings of Challenging Behaviors and Social Communication in Preschool Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Reetzke Rachel , Pfeiffer Danika , Kalb Luther G. , Holingue Calliope , Zetlmeisl Carrie , Hong Ji Su , Landa Rebecca 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
Cross-informant ratings are considered best practice for assessing children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, informant disagreement often occurs, which can pose significant challenges to various aspects of clinical services. This study explored the degree of parent and speech-language pathologist (SLP) agreement on ratings of challenging behaviors and social communication skills in preschool children with ASD.

Method

Fifty-eight informant ratings of challenging behaviors and social communication skills were collected from parents and SLPs on the same 29 preschool children with ASD (
M
= 49.93 months,
SD
= 11.67 months) using the Pervasive Developmental Disorder Behavior Inventory. Parent versus SLP group rating comparisons were assessed with paired
t
tests and Cohen's
d
effect sizes. Intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated to examine interrater reliability between individual parent and SLP ratings. Bland–Altman plots were generated to evaluate informant agreement across the entire range of Pervasive Developmental Disorder Behavior Inventory composite scores.

Results
Group comparisons indicated that parents rated arousal regulation problems as more severe than SLPs, with no other group differences observed. Parents and SLPs exhibited poor agreement on ratings of challenging behaviors; however, moderate to good agreement was observed for social communication ratings.

Conclusions
These results highlight the importance of including parents in the assessment and treatment planning process for preschool children with ASD, as parents may report key behavioral concerns that clinicians may not otherwise observe. Understanding behaviors that may be more prone to informant disagreement has implications for promoting a shared understanding of behavioral concerns and treatment targets between parents and clinicians.
SFCN: Symmetric feature comparison network for detecting ischemic stroke lesions on CT images
Authors: Zhang Long , Zhu Chuang , Wu YueWei , Yang Yang , Luo Yihao , Song Ruoning , Liu Lian , Yang Jie 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIschemic stroke is the most common stroke and the leading cause of
disability and death in the world. Computed tomography (CT) is a popular and
economical diagnostic device for the stroke, However the ischemic stroke
lesions are not evident on CT images and the diagnostic result relies on the
visual observation of neurologists, which may vary from doctor to doctor. To
facilitate the treatment, a computer‐aided detection algorithm on CT images is
proposed to help clinician for the ischemic stroke screening. In order to
obtain accurate lesion annotation on CT images, novel automatic algorithms are
developed to achieve image pairing, calibration, and registration. Then, a new
framework with the symmetric feature extraction and comparison is proposed to
identify and locate the ischemic stroke lesion. Experimental results show that
this method achieves 75% of DICE in the detection of ischemic stroke lesions,
which is higher than other methods by 4%. Its competitive results compared with
seven latest methods is shown in terms of extensive qualitative and
quantitative evaluation. This method can accurately detect the lesion in the CT
images through the comparison of symmetric regional features, which has
contributed to the clinical diagnosis of ischemic stroke.