bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ginsenoside Rd‐Loaded Antioxidant Polymersomes to Regulate Mitochondrial Homeostasis for Bone Defect Healing in Periodontitis
Authors: Hu Congjiao , Shi Junqiu , Zhang Fan , Lv Mingchen , Ge Zhenghong , Feng Meiting , Fan Zhen , Liu Danqing , Du Jianzhong , Sun Yao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPeriodontitis is the leading cause of tooth loss in adults. Initially triggered by bacterial infection, it is characterized by subsequent dysregulation of mitochondrial homeostasis, leading to ongoing loss of periodontal tissue. Mitophagic flux, a critical physiological mechanism for maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis, is compromised in periodontitis. Additionally, increased release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) exacerbates mitochondrial damage. In this study, a ginsenoside Rd (Rd)‐loaded antioxidative polymersome (RdAP) is designed, which is self‐assembled from a mitochondrial‐protective and ROS‐scavenging block copolymer, poly(ethylene oxide)‐block‐poly(phenylboronic acid pinacol ester‐conjugated polylysine) (PEO113‐b‐P(Lys‐PAPE)60). The phenylboronic acid pinacol ester (PAPE) segment exhibits excellent ROS‐responsive properties, enabling effective ROS scavenging through antioxidant production. Rd significantly enhances mitophagic flux by 2.5‐fold in periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) under oxidative stress. Together with the antioxidative polymersome, RdAPs restore mitochondrial homeostasis and enhance the osteogenic capacity of PDLSCs, bringing it closer to that of healthy controls. In a mouse model of periodontitis, the bone mass in the RdAP‐treated group is 1.37 times greater than that in the untreated periodontitis group. Overall, the findings propose a novel strategy for addressing refractory periodontitis, which may also be applicable to other diseases characterized by mitochondrial homeostasis imbalance.
Coordination Regulation Enabling Deep Eutectic Electrolyte for Fast‐Charging High‐Voltage Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Ding Peipei , Yuan Haocheng , Xu Ligang , Wu Lingqiao , Du Haozhe , Zhao Shu , Yu Dengfeng , Qin Zuoyu , Liu Hong , Li Yue , Zhang Xu , Yu Haijun , Tang Mingxue , Ren Yaoyu , Li Liangliang , Nan Ce‐Wen 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe safety and cycle stability of lithium metal batteries (LMBs) under conditions of high cut‐off voltage and fast charging put forward higher requirements for electrolytes. Here, a sulfonate‐based deep eutectic electrolyte (DEE) resulting from the eutectic effect between solid sultone and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide without any other additives is reported. The intermolecular coordination effect triggers this eutectic phenomenon, as evidenced with nuclear magnetic resonance, and thus the electrochemical behavior of the DEE can be controlled by jointly regulating the coordination effects of F···H and Li···O intermolecular interactions. The DEE with a properly coordinated environment of Li+ presents a low motion barrier and a high transport rate of localized Li+, leading to a 10 C fast‐charging LiFePO4||Li battery with a capacity retention of 95.1% after 500 cycles. Meanwhile, the strengthened α−H···F coordination broadens the electrochemical stability window of the DEE, thus enabling the cycle stability of high‐capacity and high‐voltage cathode materials in LMBs, e.g., a cycle stability at 4.5 V in the LiNi0.88Co0.07Mn0.05O2||Li battery with a capacity retention of 81.0% after 500 cycles, and an excellent compatibility in 4.5 V LiCoO2||Li and 4.8 V Li1.13Mn0.517Ni0.256Co0.097O2||Li batteries. The practical applicability of the carefully designed DEE is underscored through successful implementation in pouch cells.
Single Source Polychromatic Luminescent and White Emitting Copper Nanoclusters
Authors: Sarkar Niladri , Radhakrishnan T. P. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe low cost and fine‐tunability of the luminescence of copper nanoclusters make them attractive candidates for opto‐electronic, imaging, and sensing applications; their stability, and a precise understanding of the structure–function correlations however, continue to be challenging. A comprehensive chemical etching strategy is developed to synthesize orange, blue, and cyan emitting nanoclusters from a single source of ultrasmall copper nanoparticles; high quantum yields up to ≈34% are realized. Steady state and time‐resolved spectroscopy, electron microscopy, high resolution mass spectrometry, and computational modeling provide critical mechanistic insight into the polychromatic luminescence. A facile method for the fabrication of polymer nanocomposite thin films that sustain and stabilize the luminescent nanoclusters is presented. A subtle variation of the etching strategy without the need to admix multiple components, provides white luminescent thin films with Commission Internationale de l'éclairage (CIE) coordinates, x = 0.35, y = 0.33. The highlights of this work are i) the simple solution synthesis of stable, uniform, and pure ultrasmall Cu nanoparticles, ii) their chemical etching by subtle variations in an optimized protocol to produce highly luminescent, polychromatic nanoclusters, including white‐emitting ones, iii) stabilization of the bright luminescent systems in nanocomposite thin films, and iv) a detailed analysis of the luminescence tuning.
Cu‐Plasma‐Induced Interfacial Engineering for Nanosecond Scale WS2/CuO Heterojunction Photodetectors
Authors: Kan Tianze , Shi Kaixi , Liu Fujun , Li Jinhua , Fang Xuan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHeterojunction photodetectors (PDs) with ultrafast response speeds are urgently required for applications in fields such as optical communication and automated production. However, the low separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers owing to interfacial effects (including interfacial defects and barriers) limits the response speed to the order of seconds to milliseconds. Herein, for the first time, an interface‐engineered heterostructure is designed with a gradient band alignment to obtain a response speed on the nanosecond scale, where the separation efficiency of the photogenerated carriers is enhanced by Cu‐plasmon‐induced charge transfer. Cu nanoparticles (NPs) are implanted into the heterojunctions with two different structures: WS2/CuO@Cu and WS2@Cu/CuO. Devices with Cu NPs implanted at the interface exhibit an excellent detectivity of 5 × 1012 Jones and a high responsivity of 979 A W−1. More importantly, an ultrafast response speed of 24 ns is achieved, making it one of the fastest PDs in the field of plasmonic PDs. This high performance is attributed to Cu‐plasmon‐induced interface engineering, which is confirmed by experiments and theoretical calculations. The interface engineering method proposed in this study provides a new approach for achieving ultrafast PDs.
Optical Crosstalk Reduction via Nanorod Optical Shield for Light‐Emitting Diode Displays
Authors: Lim Hyeongtaek , Heo Hyerim , Kim Dong Yeong , Cho Jaehee 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWith the advancement of light‐emitting diode (LED) display technologies, optical crosstalk has emerged as a significant challenge due to the increasing miniaturization and pixel density of LED arrays. To address this issue, the introduction of a nanorod (NR) optical shield in LED devices is proposed. The shield is fabricated using a straightforward process involving the etching of LED epitaxial layers with self‐assembled Ni nanoparticles and a SiO2 hard mask, resulting in the formation of an NR array. The NR optical shield effectively reduced optical crosstalk by confining light emission to its region, redirecting lateral light into vertical emission and absorbing stray light. This approach offers a practical and efficient solution for reducing optical crosstalk and enhancing the performance of miniaturized LED arrays in advanced display applications.
Side Chain Effects on High‐Performance PPIAn2N‐Derived Dual‐Functional Devices for Balanced Blue Light Emission and UV Detection
Authors: Luo Qiao , Gao Yannan , Bai Yunshui , Wu Mengge , Xu Huixia , Wang Hua , Zheng Ding , Yu Junsheng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDual‐function devices are being used in smart wearable electronics and human‐machine interaction because of their special functions. In this study, three modified PPIAn2N‐based emitters—PPIAn2N‐CH3, PPIAn2N‐CN, and PPIAn2N‐F—are synthesized and applied them in dual‐functional devices, specifically organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) and UV organic photodetectors (UVOPDs). Each of these molecules exhibits hybridized local and charge transfer (HLCT) excited states, which results in blue emission both in solution and in thin films. However, the proportion of local excited (LE) states to charge transfer (CT) states differs among the molecules. The non‐doped OLED using PPIAn2N‐F displayed outstanding performance, emitting deep blue light at 456 nm, with a Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage (CIE) coordinate of (0.14, 0.14), and achieving a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 8.52%. Additionally, the PPIAn2N‐F‐based OLED‐UVOPD demonstrated excellent UV detection capabilities, with a detectivity (D*) of 8.60 × 1010 Jones. The device achieved a well‐balanced EQE/D* ratio, indicating an optimal combination of luminescence efficiency and detection sensitivity. These findings underscore the potential of multifunctional devices operating in the blue emission spectrum, paving the way for advancements in dual‐functional OLED and UV detection technologies.
Spectroscopic Wonders: A Multifunctional All‐In‐One Molecule for Nanophotonics
Authors: Szukalski Adam , Cheret Yohan , Grabarz Anna M. , El‐Ghayoury Abdelkrim , Sahraoui Bouchta 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNowadays, multifunctional compounds emerge as an intriguing category of materials with potential applications in nanophotonics. Particularly, organic compounds stand out due to their bio‐friendly characteristics. In this study, a thiophene‐based carboxaldehyde is designed to address the challenges of the 21st century. The experimental approach substantiates its highly attractive molecular architecture, demonstrating simultaneous efficiency in light generation, modulation, and amplification. Employing the Maker fringes technique as a monitoring tool for nonlinear optical responses, through a comparative experimental method, efficient and repeatable higher harmonics of light generation, including double and triple frequencies are observed. Utilizing a typical pump‐probe laser setup, optically‐driven light modulation under a UV source at a frequency of 1 kHz is showcased. Furthermore, through optical pumping, a Boltzmann energy distribution inversion leading to radiative decay is achieved, specifically, effectively amplified emission reminiscent of random lasing in both liquid and solid states. Complementary quantum‐chemical calculations supported the experimental findings, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of the material's scientific properties. The outcomes of this study underscore the significant potential of organic materials in terms of versatility, indicating their promising applications in nano(bio)photonics and opto‐electronics.
Enhanced Charge Holding Capacity of PVDF Nanofiber Using NiO‐CuO Nanoparticles‐Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Energy and Wearable Electronic Applications
Authors: Bindhu Amrutha , Yoon Jae Uk , Woo Insun , Gajula Prasad , Arun Anand Prabu , Bae Jin Woo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), the main obstruction to the application as a sustainable energy source is their triboelectric loss. Therefore, it is necessary to develop TENGs with significant charge‐holding capacity. This study introduced a TENG device using nickel oxide–copper oxide (NC) nanoparticles (NPs)‐doped polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) electrospun nanofibers and nitrile gloves as tribonegative and tribopositive materials, respectively. The ratio and weight percentage of NC NPs on the PVDF surface are studied and optimized to improve the TENG performance. With the addition of 6 wt% 50:50 ratio of NC (NC55) NPs to the PVDF matrix, the negative surface static potential of the composite nanofiber (6PNC) attained a saturation value of −560 V after 6 h. This is 2.9 times higher than the surface static potential of the neat nanofiber (0PNC −190 V). Compared with the 0PNC TENG device, the optimized 6PNC device displayed 7.1‐fold (57–408 V), 6.3‐fold (1.6–10.2 µA), and 8.6‐fold (17–147 nC) improvements in open‐circuit voltage, short‐circuit current, and surface charge, respectively. Finally, the device is used to charge various capacitors and illuminate 100 LEDs. It is operated effectively using low‐power electronics and demonstrated considerable potential for use in smart wearable sensors.
Enhanced Adsorption Properties of Noble Metal Modified MoS2/WS2 Heterojunctions
Authors: Gao Kewei , Chen Haixia , Ding Jijun , Yang Mingya , Fu Haiwei , Peng Jianhong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMoS2/WS2 in‐plane heterojunction is constructed using density functional theory (DFT), and its adsorption properties for different gas molecules (CO, CO2, NO2, H2S, SO2, and SO3) are analyzed. Results indicate that the heterojunction exhibits excellent selection toward S‐series gas molecules (H2S, SO2, and SO3), particularly SO3. The adsorption energy is determined to be −3.67 eV. Then, the adsorption properties of the heterojunction are further improved by noble metal (Ag, Au, and Pt) modification. Noble metal atoms alter the surface potential energy of the heterojunction, resulting in stronger adsorption activity. For instance, the binding energies of noble metals in the Ag‐MoS2/WS2, Au‐MoS2/WS2, and Pt‐MoS2/WS2 systems are −1.03, −1.04, and −2.76 eV, respectively. Additionally, there has been a significant alteration in their bandgaps. Notably, the bandgap of Pt‐MoS2/WS2 has decreased to 1.42 eV (24.16%), which is the most pronounced change. Then, the charge density difference and density of states of noble metal‐modified MoS2/WS2 heterojunction adsorbed SO3 are analyzed. The results demonstrate that the adsorption capacity of a noble metal‐modified system for SO3 is enhanced. Finally, raising the temperature can accelerate gas molecule desorption from the system. Combining all calculation results, Ag‐MoS2/WS2 in‐plane heterojunction can be used as a candidate gas‐sensitive material for detecting SO3 at room temperature (300 K). The Pt‐MoS2/WS2 in‐plane heterojunction is demonstrated to possess effective adsorbent properties for trapping SO3 gas molecules at room temperature. This provides a new idea and theoretical basis for gas sensor development.
Combined Exsolution and Electrodeposition Strategy for Enhancing Electrocatalytic Activity of Ti‐Based Perovskite Oxides in Oxygen and Hydrogen Evolution Reactions
Authors: Zuo Shangshang , Wang Chenchen , Xia Zhi , Ding Jiaxin , Naden Aaron B. , Irvine John T. S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe significant interest in perovskite oxides stems from their compositional and structural flexibility, particularly in the field of electrochemistry. In this study, the double E strategy (exsolution and electrodeposition strategies) is successfully devised for synthesizing perovskite‐based bifunctional electrocatalysts, enabling simultaneous OER and HER applications with exceptional catalytic performance. The synthesized R‐LCTFe/Ni catalyst exhibits outstanding electrocatalytic activity, delivering low overpotentials of 349 and 309 mV at 10 mA cm−2 for OER and HER, respectively, indicating substantial improvements in the inherent electrocatalytic activity. Moreover, the impressive stability of R‐LCTFe/Ni under alkaline conditions underscores its potential for practical water electrolysis applications. The superior bifunctional electrocatalytic performance can be attributed to the reduced charge transfer resistance and the synergistic cooperation between exsolved Fe nanoparticles and electrodeposited Ni compounds. The successful development of the R‐LCTFe/Co catalyst further confirms the transferability of the double E strategy. Compared to R‐LCTFe/Ni, the overpotential of R‐LCTFe/Co is 58 mV higher for OER, yet 48 mV lower for HER at a current density of 10 mA cm−2. This study provides an efficient and promising approach for the fabrication of highly active perovskite‐based electrocatalysts, contributing valuable insights into the design of bifunctional electrocatalysts for OER and HER.
Phosphorus–potassium interactions with calcium, magnesium, and harvest timing in alfalfa production systems
Authors: Baidoo Michael M. , Islam M. Anowarul 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe interaction between phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) significantly influences alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) production. However, our understanding of this interaction in soils with high levels of exchangeable K, calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) remains limited. The interplay between soil P, K, Ca, and Mg, along with harvest timing, can affect the availability and uptake of P and K, leading to varied yield responses. Field research was conducted at the University of Wyoming James C. Hageman Sustainable Agriculture Research and Extension Center at Lingle, WY, to investigate this complex interaction and its impact on alfalfa production from 2019 to 2021. Treatments included (i) 18 selected combinations (kg ha−1) of three levels of P (0, 34, and 67 P2O5), three levels of K (0, 168, and 336 K2O), two levels of Ca (0 and 560 CaO), and two levels of Mg (0 and 56 MgO); and (ii) two harvest schedules (early harvest, late bud to early [10%] bloom; late harvest, 7–10 days after early harvest [∼100% bloom]). Treatments were factorially (18 × 2) arranged in randomized complete blocks with three replications. Under low levels of soil Ca and Mg, the 67 P2O5 and 336 K2O (kg ha−1 year−1) treatment produced the highest early harvest yield responses, while the 34 P2O5 and 336 K2O (kg ha−1 year−1) treatment excelled in late harvest yield. Alfalfa fertilized with 67 P2O5 and 336 K2O (kg ha−1 year−1) consistently achieved significant late harvest yield response in soils with high levels of Ca and Mg, leading to profitable forage production. Similar trends in P and K uptake were observed, indicating that fertilizing alfalfa with P and K can enhance productivity and profits even in soils rich in K, Ca, and Mg levels. In Wyoming and similar regions, we recommend that alfalfa growers and stakeholders consider soil nutritional status—particularly the relative exchangeable levels of K, Ca, and Mg—and harvest timing to develop P and K fertility programs for sustainable production and profitability.
Chaotic advection and mass transfer of viscous liquid–liquid flows in a novel 3D serpentine microchannel
Authors: Long Jiecai , Xie Congkai , Zhang Haojun , Zhang Xuan , Yao Jingsong , Zhang Rongguang , Chen Xun , Chen Xin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis article aimed to study the characteristics of chaotic advection and mass transfer of viscous liquid–liquid flows in a novel 3D serpentine microchannel (TSM) with hybrid structures. The TSM and its corresponding experimental setup are established, and the CFD model is verified through flow field visualization experiments. Results reveal that efficient chaotic convection in TSM is achieved through continuous irregular spatial fluid deformation. The Lyapunov exponents greater than zero indicate the existence of chaotic behavior, and the maximum lineal stretch rate λM increases linearly with the characteristic Reynolds number. The mass transfer characteristics are evaluated by diffusion mass transfer number Φ and mass transfer field synergy number Fc quantitatively. The mixing index MI shows an increasing trend as Fc increases, while the mixing effectiveness ME decreases as the outlet Reynolds number ReO decreases. The relationships of MI with λM and Fc and the relationship of ME with ReO are established.
Identifying Individuals in the Prodromal Phase of Parkinson's Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Flores‐Torres Mario H. , Hughes Katherine C. , Cortese Marianna , Hung Albert Y. , Healy Brian C. , Schwarzschild Michael A. , Bjornevik Kjetil , Ascherio Alberto 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveWe prospectively evaluated how well combinations of signs and symptoms can identify individuals in the prodromal phase of Parkinson's disease (PD).MethodsThe study comprised 6,108 men who underwent repeated assessments of key prodromal features and were prospectively followed for the development of PD. Two composite measures of prodromal PD were evaluated: (i) the co‐occurrence of constipation, probable rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (pRBD), and hyposmia, and (ii) the probability of prodromal PD based on the Movement Disorders Society (MDS) research criteria. We also examined the progression and heterogeneity of the prodromal PD phase.ResultsOne hundred three individuals were newly diagnosed with PD over an average follow‐up of 3.4 years. Men with constipation, pRBD, and hyposmia had a 23‐fold higher risk of receiving a PD diagnosis in the subsequent 3 years, compared with men without these features (risk ratio [RR] = 23.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 10.62–51.33). The risk of PD was 21‐fold higher in men with a probability of prodromal PD ≥ 0.8 compared with those with a probability < 0.2 (RR = 21.96, 95% CI = 11.17–43.17). Both the co‐occurrence of the 3 non‐motor features and an MDS‐based probability ≥ 0.8 had comparable predictive values, and both were stronger predictors of PD than any of the features individually. We identified 2 prodromal PD subtypes where RBD and visual color impairment were key discriminators.InterpretationOur study demonstrates that combinations of key signs and symptoms strongly predict future clinically manifest PD. These measures may be integrated into screening strategies to identify individuals who could be targeted for enrollment into PD prevention trials. ANN NEUROL 2024
Incremental Modification in the Existing Approaches for Affinity Chromatographic Enrichment of Phosphoproteins Improves Their Profile in Liquid Chromatography‐Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis
Authors: Agrawal Neha , Govekar Rukmini 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTCell signalling is a vital process in cell physiology, which is driven by protein phosphorylation. Global phosphoproteome analysis by liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) has thus gained importance in cell signalling research. However, phosphoprotein identification by LC‐MS/MS in whole cell lysates, which are complex protein mixtures, is hindered by their poor ionization coupled with suppression of peaks due to low abundance. Enrichment by immobilized metal ion‐ and metal oxide‐affinity chromatography (IMAC and MOAC), which preferentially enrich multi‐ and mono‐phosphorylated proteins, respectively, have improved their detection by MS. However, preferential enrichment limits phosphoproteome coverage in global analyses of cell lysates which contain mono‐ and multi‐phosphorylated proteins. Improvement in their coverage by sequential elution approach that exploits the complementary chemistries of these matrices has been reported. In this study, we observed that the number of phosphoproteins detected using the sequential elution approach was lower (∼250–400) as compared to the theoretically predicted number (>500) based on their reported 30% abundance in the cell proteome (1700–2200 proteins detected by MS in our cell lines). Acknowledging the merit of using multiple matrices, we used IMAC and MOAC individually and pooled the data. We observed a remarkable increase (>30%) in phosphoproteome coverage. Further, though 98% of phosphoproteins were enriched by IMAC, among the remaining 2%, those detected exclusively by MOAC were biologically important. This justified the use of multiple matrices. Thus, an incremental modification of using multiple matrices individually rather than sequentially and pooling the data markedly improved the phosphoproteome coverage, which can positively impact cell signalling research.