bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estrategia metodológica para mejorar la comprensión lectora en Lengua y Literatura en escolares de Educación Básica
Authors: Rodallega-Campo Martha Cecilia , Romero-Ortega Armando Lizardo 
Published: January 2025

La comprensión lectora dentro del proceso de aprendizaje es un elemento fundamental, debido a que permite entender, interpretar y analizar por parte de los estudiantes la información contenida en textos. El objetivo de este trabajo es contribuir al mejoramiento de la comprensión lectora en estudiantes de Básica Superior de una institución educativa de la ciudad de Quito Ecuador, mediante el diseño de una estrategia metodológica. Esta investigación parte del diagnóstico de habilidades relacionadas con cada uno de los niveles de comprensión lectora, para ello, se recurre al enfoque mixto con alcance descriptivo y explicativo. Los resultados del diagnóstico evidencian deficiencias en el nivel crítico de la comprensión lectora en el grupo de estudiantes con quienes se realizó el estudio. Se concluye resaltando la importancia y urgencia de contar con una estrategia metodológica para abordar los diferentes niveles de comprensión lectora, orientada al pensamiento crítico y adaptada a las necesidades individuales.
ANÁLISE DE DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE MICROPLÁSTICOS NAS PRAIAS DO ITAQUANDUBA E NA PRAIA GRANDE EM ILHABELA - SP
Authors: Pereira Carmona Nathaly , Alix Benedictte Van Sebroeck Dória Karolina Marie 
Published: January 2025

A degradação do plástico gera detritos microscópicos chamados microplásticos com tamanho de (< 5mm) que podem chegar na coluna d’água através de descarte incorreto de esgotos, atividades de pesca, antrópicas e industriais. Com a ação dos ventos, onda e maré o microplástico pode se depositar no sedimento praial. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a distribuição de microplásticos nas Praias do Itaquanduba e na Praia Grande em Ilhabela – SP. A amostragem foi realizada uma vez por mês entre os meses de março até outubro. Foram amostrados dois pontos aleatórios em parcela de 50 x 50cm no sedimento com até 2 cm de profundidade. Utilizou-se o método de flotação e filtração simples, além da caracterização física das amostras. A análise granulométrica do sedimento praial foi mensurada. Foram encontrados na Praia do Itaquanduba 205 partículas de microplástico que foram caracterizados como fragmento (n=95), isopor (n=87), feixe de fibras (n=16), espuma (n=6) e filme (n=1). Na Praia Grande foram encontradas 22 partículas de microplástico, sendo fragmento (n=12), isopor (n=7), espuma (n=2) e feixe de fibras (n=1). Tanto na Praia do Itaquanduba (n=154) quanto na Praia Grande a cor predominante foi o branco (n=17). O mês com maior quantidade de fragmento coletado tanto na Praia do Itaquanduba com 183 MPs/Kg quanto na Praia Grande foi agosto/2024 com 23 MPs/Kg amostrados para esta última. Foram coletados durante este período 6131 fragmentos de matéria orgânica na Praia do Itaquanduba, totalizando 50,0436 g, e 734 fragmentos na Praia Grande totalizando 23,1775 g. A análise granulométrica indica que a Praia do Itaquanduba possui areia de granulometria fina a média enquanto a Praia Grande a média a grossa.
An Unsteady State Case: Calcium Profiling Based On Temperature Variation In Neuronal Due To Cancer Cells
Authors: Ashwini Vaze  , Jayashree Patil  , Leena Sharma  , Amol Bachhav  
Published: January 2025

Calcium, is a critically important second messenger in the nervous system. It enters through voltage-gated channels and regulates the release of synaptic transmitter. This mechanism is highly complex and very stringently monitored by buffers, gated channels and influxes. This calcium cascading in cytoplasm shows complex spatial- temporal behavior. The major monitoring factor of calcium concentration is buffers but its profiling is also depending on diffusion coefficient of cytoplasmic fluid. Diffusion coefficient is temperature and viscosity dependent quantity, therefore temperature variation and viscosity are also studied.
Calcium signaling is also responsible for long term processes like memory creation, metabolism, growth and death of cells, etc. This signal cascading along with the external exposure to high temperature can be used effectively in cancer treatment therapy like hyperthermia. Effect of raised temperature in calcium profiling in cancer/ tumor cells is studied in this paper. The model is prepared to study unsteady state case that includes diffusion of calcium with respect to variable diffusion coefficient, variable temperature and influx due to potential activity. An analytical solution has been studied and numerical solutions are discussed with the MATLAB software.
The Importance of English Language in Tourism Sector: A Study in Socotra Island
Authors: AL-Ragdhi Ahmed , AL-Rakbi Abdulhamid , AL-Ragdhi Khaled , Bin-Hady Wagdi 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
This study aims to highlight the significance of English language proficiency for sustainable tourism development on Socotra Island. It explores the impact of enhancing English language skills among professionals in the tourism sector and local residents.

Methodology
The study utilizes a quantitative research approach, with a close-ended survey shared with 27 professionals in the tourism industry on the island.".

Results/Findings
Results of the study revealed that tourist guides place great importance on mastering the English language in developing tourism on Socotra Island, M= 4.14. Furthermore, the results showed a high level of recognition among tourist guides that improving English proficiency could lead to economic opportunities for the local population and contribute to the growth of the tourism sector in Socotra, M= 4.05.

Implications
The results emphasize the urgent need to enhance English language skills to promote positive interactions between tourists and locals, provide economic opportunities for residents, and contribute to sustainable development in the tourism industry on Socotra Island. This study contributes to the existing literature by emphasizing the strategic importance of English language proficiency for sustainable tourism development on Socotra Island.
The history of studying the development of leadership qualities of schoolchildren in the second half of the twentieth century
Authors: Vaganova Valeriya Mikhailovna 
Published: January 2025

This article is devoted to the study of the topic of leadership in the context of the school environment in Russia in the second half of the twentieth century. Special attention is paid to the analysis of various aspects of school leadership, including its impact on the educational process, the development of students' personality, the formation of team spirit and social responsibility. The article also discusses methods and approaches to developing student leadership skills, as well as the impact of school leadership on public life and success in future careers. The results of the study reveal the importance of school leadership for the formation of values, skills and qualities necessary for successful social adaptation and professional development of students. The article provides an opportunity to consider the aspect of school leadership in various historical periods of the country's development. The work uses theoretical research methods, such as the analysis of the literature under study, the synthesis of the data obtained, as well as the method of summarizing information. Scientific novelty: Identification of patterns of development of leadership qualities in schoolchildren in the educational process in the second half of the twentieth century in Russia. Leadership is a truly complex social phenomenon. The development of this area is relevant in this period of time. Society and its dynamics present new challenges and form new requirements for a true leader. The ability to manage a group, interact with each of its members, take responsibility, lead the team to its goal, at the moment, can be called an art. Leadership issues are key to achieving effective work organization. On the one hand, leadership is considered as the presence of a certain set of qualities attributed to those who successfully influence or influence others, on the other hand, leadership is a process of predominantly non–forceful influence in the direction of achieving a group's goals. Leadership is a specific type of managerial interaction based on the most effective combination of various sources of power and aimed at encouraging people to achieve common goals.
Methods of Islamic pedagogy in the prevention of radicalism in the Muslim religious environment
Authors: Sedykh Natal'ya Sergeevna 
Published: January 2025

The subject of the research is the methods of Islamic pedagogy, promising in terms of solving urgent problems of preventing radicalism in a religious environment. Islamic pedagogy is based on the moral values of religion and over the millennia has proven its effectiveness in shaping a humanistic worldview of an individual, excluding adherence to violent methods for carrying out social and other transformations. In this regard, the methods of education and upbringing used to internalize the values of religious morality, which are designed to become the basis of the worldview of a young Muslim, come to the fore. We are talking about active teaching methods based on the interaction of a teacher and students, which are traditional for the Islamic pedagogical system. They have been used for centuries to develop the spiritual and moral sphere of the personality of students of religious educational organizations, to form value orientations and models of social thinking and behavior based on humanism, striving for the public good for all members of society, regardless of their national and religious affiliation. The main research method is a case study of teaching methods adopted in Islamic pedagogy, from the point of view of the prospects for their application in the prevention of radicalism in a religious environment. The main conclusions of the study are, firstly, the need for systematic application in Muslim religious organizations (mosques) of active teaching methods that are promising in terms of influencing the spiritual and moral sphere of youth personality and the prevention of radicalism. This is determined by the fact that modern religious organizations are called upon to solve a number of social functions and work with a youth audience in order to promote the harmonious development and socialization of the individual based on traditional values. Secondly, it is necessary to create specialized professional development and retraining programs for Muslim religious figures and teachers in order to develop their methodological competencies that allow them to productively solve urgent socio-educational, cultural, educational and educational tasks. Thirdly, it is necessary to create interactive platforms for interaction and exchange of experience of religious figures working with young people aimed at comprehensively developing the spiritual and moral sphere of personality and preventing radicalism.
Studying the biography of the writer by foreign students: problems and solutions
Authors: Kozlov Aleksei Evgen'evich 
Published: January 2025

Based on the material of classical and modern works on the methodology of teaching literature and learning Russian as a foreign language, the specifics of teaching the biography of a writer in secondary and higher schools are analyzed. At the beginning of the article, the main methods and approaches to the definition of biographical material are described, the problems arising during its study are identified. The key difference between courses representing the literary process concentrically and the study of literature designed for a semester (or two-semester) study is shown. In the latter case, each topic is mastered once, which makes it impossible to draw parallels and update previously studied contexts. Many students who come to Russia for an internship are at the mercy of persistent stereotypes associated with both the New and Modern era. The teacher's goal is to develop critical thinking skills during one semester or academic year. The practical part of the study describes the experience of studying the biography of the writer by foreign students from European and Chinese universities, with special emphasis on the study of the literary heritage of the XX century. The options for using digital methods in classes on the biography of the writer are presented, the forms of work are described: literary portraits, comparative descriptions, source analysis, discourse and content analysis. The novelty of the work lies in the analysis of methodological problems and approaches to their solution, as well as the selection of ways to update biographical material. Based on methodological experience and survey data, the author of the article proceeds from the possibility of studying Russian culture and literature through the prism of biographies. Studying the biography of a writer involves a constant expansion of the context, it is necessary to talk about contemporaries of writers and poets, describe the literary environment and literary life in order to create the impression of a continuous process. The task of the methodologist is to show the variety of assessments and the specifics of lifetime and posthumous assessments that affect the design of a biographical myth. As a result of mastering topics related to the writer's biography, foreign readers become involved in the lives of outstanding personalities who are united not by geography or political views, but by language as the main tool of culture.
Is locomotion training effective for middle-aged workers?
Authors: Nishimura Akinobu , Ohtsuki Makoto , Kato Toshihiro , Nagao-Nishiwaki Rie , Senga Yoshiyuki , Kato Ko , Ogura Toru , Sudo Akihiro 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Locomotion training (LT) consisting of single-leg standing and squatting was developed to help prevent locomotive syndrome (LS), and is typically used in older people. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of LT on young and middle-aged people.

Methods
This study was performed at two companies. Workers in company A engaged in LT five times/week for 1 year, whereas workers in company B did not. Baseline and follow-up checkups consisted of questionnaires and physical performance tests, including three kinds of locomotion tests.

Results
In total, 88 and 101 workers in companies A and B, respectively, met the inclusion criteria. LS stage, stand-up test results, and scores on a geriatric locomotive function scale significantly improved among workers in company A, but only stand-up test results significantly improved among workers in company B. Quadriceps power increased in company A, but did not change in company B. Especially, workers with LS in company A had more significant changes than those without LS and those in company B.

Conclusions
The results of this longitudinal study suggest that LT is useful even for young and middle-aged workers. LT was especially more effective for workers than those without LS.
Comparison of dosimetric impact of intra‐fractional setup discrepancy between multiple‐ and single‐isocenter approaches in linac‐based stereotactic radiotherapy of multiple brain metastases
Authors: Tsui Sylvia S. W. , Wu Vincent W. C. , Cheung Jerry S. C. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionTreatment of multiple brain metastases by linac‐based stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) can employ either a multiple‐isocenter (MI) or single‐isocenter (SI) approach. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the dosimetric results of MI and SI approaches and compare the impacts of intra‐fractional setup discrepancies on the robustness of respective approaches using isocenter shifts, whether the same magnitude of translational and rotational effects could lead to a significant difference between the two approaches.MethodsTwenty‐two patients with multiple brain metastases treated by linac‐based SRT were recruited. Treatment plans were computed with both the MI and SI approaches. For the MI approach, the isocenter was located at the geometric center of each planning target volumes (PTVs), whereas the isocenter of the SI approach was located midway between the PTV centroids. To simulate the intra‐fractional errors, isocenter displacements including translational and rotational shifts were hypothetically applied. Apart from the dosimetric outcomes of the two approaches, the impact of the isocenter shifts on PTVs and organs at risk (OARs) were recorded in terms of the differences (δ) in dose parameters relative to the reference plan and was then compared between the MI and SI approaches.ResultsBoth MI and SI plans met the plan acceptance criteria. The mean Paddick conformity index (Paddick CI) and Dmax of most OARs between MI and SI plans did not show a significant difference, except that higher doses to the left optic nerve and optic chiasm were found in SI plans (p = 0.03). After the application of the isocenter shifts, δCI increased with an increase in the magnitude of the isocenter shift. When comparing between MI and SI plans, the δCIs were similar (p > 0.05) for all extents of translational shifts, but δCIs were significantly higher in SI plans after application of all rotations particularly ±1.5° and ±2.0° shifts. Despite the result that the majority of δDMax of OARs were higher in the SI plans, only the differences in the left optic nerve and chiasm showed generally consistent significance after both translational ≥±1 mm and rotational shifts of ≥±1.ConclusionBoth MI and SI approaches could produce clinically acceptable plans. However, isocenter shifts brought dosimetric impacts to both MI and SI approaches and the effects increased with the increase of the shift magnitude. Although similar impacts were shown in plans of both approaches after translational isocenter shift, SI plans were relatively more vulnerable than MI plans to rotational shifts.
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes Before and After Diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Among African American Women
Authors: Angley Meghan , Drews‐Botsch Carolyn , Lewis Tené T. , Badell Martina , Lim S. Sam , Howards Penelope P. 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveWomen with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may experience adverse perinatal outcomes in the years before an SLE diagnosis. Overall, there is limited research on perinatal outcomes among African American women with SLE. We undertook this study to examine the risk of preterm and small‐for‐gestational age births among African American women with SLE compared to the general population of African American women in a large metropolitan area.MethodsInformation about women with SLE was identified from the Georgia Lupus Registry and the Georgians Organized Against Lupus Cohort and was linked with birth certificates by the Georgia Department of Public Health. Births were categorized into occurring more than 3 years before SLE diagnosis, 0–3 years before SLE diagnosis, 0–3 years after SLE diagnosis, or more than 3 years after SLE diagnosis. Comparison birth certificates to African American women in the same geographic area were obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics. We used log‐risk models to compare the risk of preterm or small‐for‐gestational age births among SLE births in each diagnosis timing category to the general population, adjusting for maternal age and education and parity.ResultsBirths to women with SLE were more likely to occur preterm at 0–3 years before SLE diagnosis (risk ratio [RR] 1.71, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.24–2.35), 0–3 years after SLE diagnosis (RR 2.29, 95% CI 1.70–3.09), and 3 or more years after SLE diagnosis (RR 2.83, 95% CI 2.36–3.38), but not 3 or more years before SLE diagnosis compared to the general population (RR 1.03, 95% CI 0.77–1.38). Similar results were observed for small‐for‐gestational age births.ConclusionOur analysis, conducted among African American women, demonstrates an increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes even before a clinical diagnosis of SLE.
2D Materials‐Based Static Random‐Access Memory
Authors: Liu Chang‐Ju , Wan Yi , Li Lain‐Jong , Lin Chih‐Pin , Hou Tuo‐Hung , Huang Zi‐Yuan , Hu Vita Pi‐Ho 
Published: December 2021

Abstract2D transition‐metal dichalcogenide semiconductors, such as MoS2and WSe2, with adequate bandgaps are promising channel materials for ultrascaled logic transistors. This scalability study of 2D material (2DM)‐based field‐effect transistor (FET) and static random‐access memory (SRAM) cells analyzing the impact of layer thickness reveals that the monolayer 2DM FET with superior electrostatics is beneficial for its ability to mitigate the read–write conflict in an SRAM cell at scaled technology nodes (1–2.1 nm). Moreover, the monolayer 2DM SRAM exhibits lower cell read access time and write time than the bilayer and trilayer 2DM SRAM cells at fixed leakage power. This simulation predicts that the optimization of 2DM SRAM designed with state‐of‐the‐art contact resistance, mobility, and equivalent oxide thickness leads to excellent stability and operation speed at the 1‐nm node. Applying the nanosheet (NS) gate‐all‐around (GAA) structure to 2DM further reduces cell read access time and write time and improves the area density of the SRAM cells, demonstrating a feasible scaling path beyond Si technology using 2DM NSFETs. In addition to the device design, the process challenges for 2DM NSFETs, including the cost‐effective stacking of 2DM layers, formation of electrical contacts, suspended 2DM channels, and GAA structures, are also discussed.
Bending as Key Mechanism in the Tactile Perception of Fibrillar Surfaces
Authors: Gedsun Angelika , Sahli Riad , Meng Xing , Hensel René , Bennewitz Roland 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe touching of fibrillar surfaces elicits a broad range of affective reactions, which range from the adverse stinginess of a stiff bristle brush to the pleasant feel of velvet. To study the tactile perception of model fibrillar surfaces, a unique set of samples carrying dense, regular arrays of cylindrical microfibrils with high aspect ratio made from different elastomer materials have been created. Fibril length and material compliance are varied independently such that their respective influence on tactile perception can be elucidated. This work finds that the tactile perception of similarity between samples is dominated by bending of the fibrils under sliding touch. The results demonstrate that variations of material stiffness and of surface structure are not necessarily perceived independently by touch. In the case of fibrillar elastomer surfaces, it is rather the ratio of fibril length and storage modulus which determines fibril bending and becomes the dominant tactile dimension. Visual access to the sample during tactile exploration improves the tactile perception of fibril bendability. Experiments with colored samples show a distraction by color in participants’ decisions regarding tactile similarity only for yellow samples of outstanding brightness.
Electrochemically Mediated Direct C(sp3)−H Sulfonylation of Xanthene Derivatives
Authors: Wei Wan‐Jie , Zhong Yu‐Jing , Feng Yu‐Feng , Gao Lei , Tang Hai‐Tao , Pan Ying‐Ming , Ma Xian‐Li , Mo Zu‐Yu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe construction of C(sp3)‐sulfonyl bonds through direct sulfonylation of C(sp3)−H bond presents a number of challenges, so an electrochemical oxidation‐induced direct sulfonylation of the xanthene C(sp3)−H bond was developed. Significant advantages of this method are high atom efficiency, functional group tolerance, transition metal‐ and oxidant‐free conditions. The in vitro cytotoxicity of all product is evaluated by MTT assay against human cancer cell lines. The results reveal that most of the compounds 3 da and 3 af have good inhibitory activity on tumor cell lines.magnified image