bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mid-term results of a new femoral prosthesis using Ti-Nb-Sn alloy with low Young’s modulus
Authors: Chiba Daisuke , Yamada Norikazu , Mori Yu , Oyama Masamizu , Ohtsu Susumu , Kuwahara Yoshiyuki , Baba Kazuyoshi , Tanaka Hidetatsu , Aizawa Toshimi , Hanada Shuji , Itoi Eiji 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis study was performed to investigate the mid-term results of Ti-Nb-Sn (TNS) alloy stem with a low Young’s modulus.MethodsThis study was a multicenter prospective cohort study. A total of 40 primary total hip arthroplasties performed between April 2016 and September 2017 was enrolled in this study. With the unique functional gradient properties by heating treatment, the strength of the proximal portion was enhanced, while the distal portion maintained a low Young’s modulus. The surgeries were performed through the posterolateral approach using the TNS alloy stems. Radiographs were taken from immediately after surgeries until 3 years, and stress shielding and subsidence of the stems were evaluated. The incidences of the stem breakage were also assessed. Clinical assessments were performed using Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) and Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip Disease Evaluation Questionnaire (JHEQ) scores.ResultsAmong the 40 enrolled patients, 36 patients were female and 4 were male. At 3 years after surgery, there were no radiologic signs of loosening, subsidence, or breakage of the stem. Stress shielding was observed in 26 hips (65%). Of 26 hips, 16 hips (40%) were grade 1 and 10 hips (25%) were grade 2. There was no advanced stress shielding. The JOA and JHEQ scores significantly improved compared with the preoperative scores.ConclusionThe current study using a new TNS alloy femoral stem showed good clinical outcomes at 3-year follow-up. Radiologically, there was no loosening or subsidence of the stem. The mild stress shielding was observed in 65% of patients.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled TrialsISRCTN21241251.The date of registration was October 26, 2021.Retrospectively registered.
Exploration of the experiences of working stressors and coping strategies associated with menstrual symptoms among nurses with shifting schedules: a Q methodology investigation
Authors: Yu Shu-Chuan , Hsu Hsiao-Pei , Guo Jong-Long , Chen Shu-Fen , Huang Shu-He , Chen Yin-Chen , Huang Chiu-Mieh 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
The essence and workload of nursing can easily lead to burdens associated with female nurses’ menstrual symptoms, and consequently, result in decreased working performance. Without effective support this can lead to resignation due to maladaptation. This study adopted Q methodology to explore the experience of working stressors and coping strategies associated with menstrual symptoms among nurses with shifting schedules.

Methods
Data were collected in two stages. First, in-depth interviews were conducted to collect nurses’ experiences. Sentences that best fit the study’s purpose were extracted for the construction of Q statements. Second, nurses were allowed to subjectively rank these Q statements by using Q-sorts. A total of 90 participants ranked the designed Q statements. The Q factor analysis revealed a five-factor solution that accounted for 48.90% of the total variance.

Results
The five evident factors included: menstrual symptoms interfering in collaboration with colleagues, deficiency of professional function and stress due to symptoms burden, diverse experiences without a clear pattern, adapted self-management with and without medication use, and stress due to symptoms burden and using medication for self-management.

Conclusions
The identification of these five groups may facilitate the development of responsive strategies to meet nurses’ preferences. Furthermore, identifying workplace factors that are associated with the adverse effects of menstrual symptoms on nurses will be helpful for nursing supervisors and hospital managers. Additionally, strategies that can be implemented to create supportive work environments are discussed.
Dietary carbohydrate quality and risk of breast cancer among women
Authors: Sasanfar Bahareh , Toorang Fatemeh , Mohebbi Elham , Zendehdel Kazem , Azadbakht Leila 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
A few studies have examined the relationship between carbohydrate quality index (CQI) and risk of breast cancer (BC) among women in Middle Eastern countries. We studied the associations between carbohydrate quality index and the risk of BC in overall and by menopausal status.

Methods
In this case-control study, dietary intake of 461 women with pathologically confirmed BC within the past year were examined. The same information were collected for 495 apparently healthy controls using a 168-item validated FFQ. Carbohydrate quality was determined by considering four criteria including: ratio of solid carbohydrates to total carbohydrates, dietary fiber intake, GI and the ratio of whole grains to total grains.

Results
Mean GI and GL of participants were totally 57.5 ± 7.2 and 245.7 ± 64.7, respectively. A trend toward significant association was seen between GI and odds of BC in the whole population; such that after stratifying analysis by menopausal status, premenopausal women in the highest quartile of GI were 1.85 times higher likely to have BC than those in the lowest quartile (95% CI: 1.12, 3.07, P = 0.01). We found that women with the greatest CQI had lower odds for BC, compared with those with the lowest CQI (0.63; 95% CI: 0.43–0.94, P = 0.03). This association was remained after stratifying analysis by menopausal status in premenopausal (0.55; 95% CI: 0.34–0.90, P = 0.04).

Conclusion
We found that GI was directly and CQI inversely associated with odds of BC. In order to determine the effects of dietary carbohydrate quality prospective cohort studies are needed.
A method for obtaining field wheat freezing injury phenotype based on RGB camera and software control
Authors: Fu Xiuqing , Bai Yang , Zhou Jing , Zhang Hongwen , Xian Jieyu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Low temperature freezing stress has adverse effects on wheat seedling growth and final yield. The traditional method to evaluate the wheat injury caused by the freezing stress is by visual observations, which is time-consuming and laborious. Therefore, a more efficient and accurate method for freezing damage identification is urgently needed.

Results
A high-throughput phenotyping system was developed in this paper, namely, RGB freezing injury system, to effectively and efficiently quantify the wheat freezing injury in the field environments. The system is able to automatically collect, processing, and analyze the wheat images collected using a mobile phenotype cabin in the field conditions. A data management system was also developed to store and manage the original images and the calculated phenotypic data in the system. In this experiment, a total of 128 wheat varieties were planted, three nitrogen concentrations were applied and two biological and technical replicates were performed. And wheat canopy images were collected at the seedling pulling stage and three image features were extracted for each wheat samples, including ExG, ExR and ExV. We compared different test parameters and found that the coverage had a greater impact on freezing injury. Therefore, we preliminarily divided four grades of freezing injury according to the test results to evaluate the freezing injury of different varieties of wheat at the seedling stage.

Conclusions
The automatic phenotypic analysis method of freezing injury provides an alternative solution for high-throughput freezing damage analysis of field crops and it can be used to quantify freezing stress and has guiding significance for accelerating the selection of wheat excellent frost resistance genotypes.
New inequalities for weaving frames in Hilbert spaces
Authors: Xu Yuxiang , Leng Jinsong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we establish Parseval identities and surprising new inequalities for weaving frames in Hilbert spaces which involve scalar $\lambda \in {\mathcal{R}}$
λ
∈
R
. With suitable choices of λ, one obtains the previous results as special cases. Our results generalize and improve the remarkable results obtained by Balan et al. and Găvruţa.
A separated representation involving multiple time scales within the Proper Generalized Decomposition framework
Authors: Pasquale Angelo , Ammar Amine , Falcó Antonio , Perotto Simona , Cueto Elías , Duval Jean-Louis , Chinesta Francisco 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSolutions of partial differential equations can exhibit multiple time scales. Standard discretization techniques are constrained to capture the finest scale to accurately predict the response of the system. In this paper, we provide an alternative route to circumvent prohibitive meshes arising from the necessity of capturing fine-scale behaviors. The proposed methodology is based on a time-separated representation within the standard Proper Generalized Decomposition, where the time coordinate is transformed into a multi-dimensional time through new separated coordinates, each representing one scale, while continuity is ensured in the scale coupling. For instance, when considering two different time scales, the governing Partial Differential Equation is commuted into a nonlinear system that iterates between the so-called microtime and macrotime, so that the time coordinate can be viewed as a 2D time. The macroscale effects are taken into account by means of a finite element-based macro-discretization, whereas the microscale effects are handled with unidimensional parent spaces that are replicated throughout the time domain. The resulting separated representation allows us a very fine time discretization without impacting the computational efficiency. The proposed formulation is explored and numerically verified on thermal and elastodynamic problems.
Comparative studies on the hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities of Vernonia amygdalina delile and Baccharoides tenoreana olive in alloxan-induced hyperglycemic rats
Authors: Attama Samuel Chijioke , Aba Patrick Emeka , Asuzu Chinwe Uchechukwu , Asuzu Isaac Uzoma 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Vernonia amygdalina is a bitter culinary vegetable known to possess anti-diabetic principle. Baccharoides tenoreana belonging to the same species as V. amygdalina, is also used in cooking soup and it is comparatively non-bitter. However, its glycemic properties have not been studied. This study becomes imperative to find out if B. tenoreana possesses hypoglycemic and antioxidant properties and how it compares with V. amygdalina. Should B. tenoreana be better than V. amygdalina, it should be preferable since it is non-bitter and can comfortably be taken compared to V. amygdalina. This study investigated the comparative hypoglycemic and antioxidant potentials of V. amygdalina (VA) and B. tenoreana (BT).

Methods
Thirty male Albino wistar rats assigned into six groups of five rats per group were used for the study. Diabetes was induced in groups B-F rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan monohydrate at 160 mg/kg. Groups C-E rats were treated with VA (200 mg/kg), BT (200 mg/kg) and combination of VA & BT (100 mg/kg each) respectively. Group F rats were administered glibenclamide (2 mg/kg) whereas groups A and B rats were given distilled water. All treatments were through the oral administration, once daily for 21 consecutive days. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels were determined after 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 24 h, 7 days, 14 days and 21 days while lipid profile, in vivo antioxidant and pancreatic histomorphology were assessed on day 21 post-treatment.

Results
The VA-treated rats recorded marginally reduced FBG, malondialdehyde and low-density lipoprotein levels when compared to the counterpart treated with BT. The high-density lipoprotein values were significantly higher in VA-treated rats than in BT-treated rats. The histomorphology of the pancreas of VA-treated rats expressed more islet cells compared to the counterpart treated with VT.

Conclusion
Both VA and BT exhibited hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities with varying potencies.
Cardiac monitoring in memory clinics: national survey of UK practice
Authors: Crowther George , Ahmed Noura , Kasa Deepa , Goff Zoe , Tayebjee Muzahir H. 
Published: November 2021

Aims and methodPeople diagnosed with dementia are often started on acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs). As AChEIs can be associated with cardiac side-effects, an electrocardiogram (ECG) is sometimes requested before treatment. Previous work has suggested there is little consensus as to when or how ECGs should be obtained. This can create inconsistent practice, with patient safety, economic and practical repercussions. We surveyed 305 UK memory clinic practitioners about prescribing practice.ResultsMore than 84% of respondents completed a pulse and cardiac history before prescribing AChEIs. Opinion was divided as to who should fund and conduct ECGs. It was believed that obtaining an ECG causes patients inconvenience and delays treatment. Despite regularly interpreting ECGs, 76% of respondents did not update this clinical skill regularly.Clinical implicationsThe variation in practice observed has service-level and patient implications and raises potential patient safety concerns. Implementing national guidelines or seeking novel ways of conducting cardiac monitoring could help standardise practice.
MRI-based radiomics model can improve the predictive performance of postlaminar optic nerve invasion in retinoblastoma
Authors: Li Zhenzhen , Guo Jian , Xu Xiaolin , Wei Wenbin , Xian Junfang 
Published: November 2021

Objectives:
To develop an MRI-based radiomics model to predict postlaminar optic nerve invasion (PLONI) in retinoblastoma (RB) and compare its predictive performance with subjective radiologists’ assessment.

Methods:
We retrospectively enrolled 124 patients with pathologically proven RB (90 in training set and 34 in validation set) who had MRI scans before surgery. A radiomics model for predicting PLONI was developed by extracting quantitative imaging features from axial T2W images and contrast-enhanced T1W images in the training set. The Kruskal–Wallis test, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression, and recursive feature elimination were used for feature selection, where upon a radiomics model was built with a logistic regression (LR) classifier. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the accuracy were assessed to evaluate the predictive performance in the training and validation set. The performance of the radiomics model was compared to radiologists’ assessment by DeLong test.

Results:
The AUC of the radiomics model for the prediction of PLONI was 0.928 in the training set and 0.841 in the validation set. Radiomics model produced better sensitivity than radiologists’ assessment (81.1% vs  43.2% in training set, 82.4vs 52.9% in validation set). In all 124 patients, the AUC of the radiomics model was 0.897, while that of radiologists’ assessment was 0.674 (p &lt; 0.001, DeLong test).

Conclusion:
MRI-based radiomics model to predict PLONI in RB patients was shown to be superior to visual assessment with improved sensitivity and AUC, and may serve as a potential tool to guide personalized treatment.
Radiology and the medical student: do increased hours of teaching translate to more radiologists?
Authors: Chew Cindy , O'Dwyer Patrick J , Young David 
Published: November 2021

Objectives: The UK has a shortage of Radiologists to meet the increasing demand for radiologic examinations. To encourage more medical students to consider Radiology as a career, increased exposure at undergraduate level has been advocated. The aim of this study was to evaluate if formal Radiology teaching hours at medical school had any association with the number of qualified Radiologists joining the General Medical Council Specialist Register. Methods: Total number of doctors joining the GMC Specialist Register as Clinical Radiologists, and those with a primary medical qualifications awarded in Scotland, was obtained from the GMC (2010–2020). Graduate numbers from all four Scottish Medical Schools (2000–2011) were also obtained. Hours of Radiology teaching for medical schools in Scotland were obtained from validated AToMS study. Results: Two hundred and twenty three (6.6%) of 3347 Radiologists added to the GMC Specialist Register between 2010 and 2020 received their primary medical qualification (PMQ) from Scottish Universities. The number of Radiologists from Scottish Universities joining the GMC specialist register was 2.6% of the total number of Scottish Medical Graduates. There was no association between the number of hours (Range 1–30) Radiology was taught to medical students and the number that joined the specialist register as Radiologists (p = 0.54 chi square trend). Conclusion: Increased exposure to Radiology teaching does not influence medical students’ decision to take up Radiology as a career. While continued Radiology exposure remains important, other strategies are required in both the short and long term to ensure radiology services are maintained without detriment to patients. Advances in knowledge: Increased hours of Radiology teaching in medical school was not associated with increased radiologists joining the profession.
Wkład Alfonsa V Wspaniałomyślnego w upowszechnienie katalońskich zwyczajów kulinarnych w Królestwie Neapolu w XV wieku
Authors: Hryszko Rafał 
Published: November 2021

Contribution of Alfonso V the Magnanimous to the Popularization of Catalan Culinary Customs in the Kingdom of Napl es in the 15th century
The wars for Naples ended in 1442 with the victory of Alfonso V the Magnanimous, the ruler of the Crown of Aragon (1416–1458). The emergence of foreign authority in southern Italy entailed the transfer of the Catalan culture, language and customs to the area of Italian Mezzogiorno. In this process, Catalan culinary traditions which developed at the end of the fourteenth century also occupied an important place. One of them was a separate sweet snack, referred to by the Catalan term col·lació (collatio in Latin). The organization and celebration of col·lació became an important form of ostentation for the Catalan ruling and financial elites. In this article, the author discusses excerpts from historical sources whose authors include, among others, Antonio Beccadelli, Jordi de Centelles, Vespasiano da Bisticci, Giovanni Pontano, as well as the ambassadors of Barcelona and Portugal and other anonymous authors writing about the times of Alfonso V the Magnanimous. The data provided by these sources clearly indicate that this ruler followed the custom of eating sweet colazione known in Italy at this time and gave it a new meaning at least as early as in the 1440s. Thanks to this ruler of Aragon and new Neapolitan king, the sweet snack became one of the instruments of the ostentation of wealth and prestige for the new rulers of the southern part of Italy and soon after also for other princes and lords of the area.
Potential attack of the common vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus) on nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) in northern Oaxaca, México
Authors: Ríos-Solís Jesús Alejandro , López-Acosta Juan Carlos , MacSwiney G. M. Cristina 
Published: November 2021

El murciélago vampiro común, Desmodus rotundus, es un depredador que de forma obligatoria, se alimenta de sangre de vertebrados de un grupo diverso de presas, pero con preferencia a los mamíferos, tanto nativos como exóticos. El presente registro documenta la primera depredación potencial de un armadillo de nueve bandas, Dasypus novemcinctus, por D. rotundus en vida silvestre. La observación se registró en una cámara trampa colocada en un fragmento de crecimiento secundario de un bosque tropical perennifolio en Oaxaca, México. En una grabación de 10 segundos, observamos a un individuo de D. rotundus acechando y persiguiendo a un individuo de D. novemcinctus que busca alimento en la hojarasca. La presente observación, junto con otro estudio realizado en Brasil, donde un murciélago vampiro persiguió a un armadillo gigante Priodontes maximus, sugiere que los armadillos podrían ser presas de D. rotundus, pero la interacción es difícil de registrar en vida silvestre.
Confirmation of the presence of Abert’s squirrel (Sciurus aberti) after a century in Sonora, México
Authors: Gallo-Reynoso Juan Pablo , Armenta-Méndez Lucila , Macías-Sánchez Samuel , Van Devender Thomas R. , Ponce-García Gloria , Cabrera-Hernández Víctor Hugo 
Published: November 2021

De acuerdo con algunos autores, la ardilla de Abert (Sciurus aberti) se encuentra típicamente en los bosques de pino blanco (Pinus ponderosa), árbol que les proporciona refugio y alimento. Estos pinos generalmente se distribuyen entre 1,800 y 3,000 m en Wyoming, Colorado, Nuevo México, Arizona y Utah en los Estados Unidos. Pinus arizonica era formalmente considerada una variedad de P. ponderosa en el norte de Sonora, México. Los bosques de la Sierra Madre Occidental no son monoespecíficos, los bosques de pino-encino son muy diversos desde Sonora y Chihuahua hasta el sur de Durango en México. Existen también bosques de coníferas mixtos dominados por abetos (Pseudotsuga spp.), pinabetes (Picea spp.) y piñón (Pinus strobiformis). Solo hay un registro previo confirmado de la presencia de la ardilla de Abert obtenido en el Alto Río Bavispe, Sonora, colectada por la Expedición Arqueológica de Lumholtz 1890-92, y otro registro sin confirmar de un probable S. aberti en 1938 al norte de Sonora. Mientras se monitoreaban rastros de mamíferos a pie (registros de huellas) y se ponían cámaras-trampa para su registro, se observó la presencia de S. aberti en la zona de estudio. Obtuvimos dos registros ocasionales de S. aberti, ambos en un bosque de pino-encino en la Sierra Madre Occidental en Sonora en el límite del pueblo de Mesa Tres Ríos, Sonora y a 9.4 km al suroeste de Mesa Tres Ríos, Sonora. Se encontró a Sciurus aberti en áreas de pino-encino y bosques mixtos de coníferas, presuntamente usadas por las ardillas de Abert para su alimentación y cobertura, demostrando que estas ardillas no dependen estrictamente del pino ponderosa (P. ponderosa) como se ha reportado, sino que dependen del encino y los pinos Arizona (P. arizonica) y Apache (P. engelmannii), que se encuentran ampliamente distribuidos en el Archipiélago Madrense (Región de las Islas del Cielo) y en la porción norte de la Sierra Madre Occidental (SMO). Estas observaciones confirman la predicción de la presencia de S. aberti, y son una importante adición a la fauna de mamíferos de Sonora.
Severe evolution of brown spider arachnid accident: A case report
Authors: Danilo Leite da Silva Rocha Kaio , Hugo Melo Carvalho Victor , Ivo Martins Cidade Pedro , Sávio Soares Macedo Allan , Fernandes Peixoto Furtado Maria Isabel , Felippe de Araújo Rolim Francisco , Carvalho Bezerra de Brito Vieira Lívia 
Published: November 2021

: O envenenamento por aranhas marrons (Loxosceles) ou loxoscelismo, pode produzir extensa dermonecrose e hemorragia no local da picada e, eventualmente, reações sistêmicas que podem se tornar letais. A evolução é caracterizada pela intensificação da dor, isquemia, vaso-espasmo, eritema, edema e parestesia. A picada da aranha marrom pode provocar um quadro cutâneo necrótico e mais raramente o quadro sistêmico, e fase cutâneo-visceral está associada à hemólise intravascular e em casos raros, levando a morte do paciente. No presente relato de caso, a paciente de 77 anos deu entrada no Hospital Regional do Cariri após surgimento de ferida dolorosa associada à vermelhidão na região da mama. Relatou uma picada de aranha no local há aproximadamente 20 dias. Durante o internamento evoluiu com acometimento sistêmico devido à extensa lesão necrótica de partes moles. Foram realizados dois desbridamentos e excisão extensa na área da mama e região torácica. Apesar de todos os tratamentos e procedimentos realizados, a paciente apresentou agravamento no quadro e não resistiu, falecendo 22 dias após admissão no hospital.

Palavras-chave: loxoscelismo, acidente aracnídeo, aracnidismo, dermatopatias.