bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the role of spiritual leaders as celebrity business founders and brand endorsers
Authors: Sharma Piyush , Sardana Deepak , Gupta Narain , Arli Denni 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the role of spiritual leaders as celebrity business founders and brand endorsers by investigating the mediating role of perceived value in the impact of normative community pressure and perceived brand credibility on purchase intention.Design/methodology/approachThe authors collected data from two studies in India, one with urban (N = 307) and another with rural (N = 206) consumers of fast moving consumer goods brands being endorsed by popular celebrity business founders. The authors tested all our hypotheses using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) approach with SmartPLS software.FindingsPerceived value mediates the positive impact of normative community pressure and perceived brand credibility on purchase intention for the brands endorsed by celebrity business founders, and these mediating effects are stronger for urban (vs rural) consumers.Research limitations/implicationsThe results from Indian consumers may not be generalizable to other emerging markets with diverse cultural and socio-economic conditions.Practical implicationsThis research would help international marketers understand the unique branding and marketing strategies used by local players to learn how to successfully target both urban and rural consumers in the emerging markets.Originality/valueThis paper extends the celebrity endorsement literature by exploring the role of spiritual leaders as celebrity business founders and brand endorsers, a growing trend in the emerging markets with high cultural and religious diversity (e.g. India and Indonesia).
Longitudinal Effects of Engagement with Workplace Health Programmes on Employee Outcomes: A Relational Perspective
Authors: Fida Roberta , Game Annilee , Stepanek Martin , Gendronneau Cloé 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOrganizations increasingly adopt health and wellbeing programmes (HWPs), yet little is known about the underlying processes or boundary conditions that may influence the effectiveness of these initiatives on employee outcomes such as wellbeing and job satisfaction. In a 3‐year study, we adopted a social exchange approach to examine: (1) the role of relational context in mediating the links between employee engagement with HWPs and wellbeing and job satisfaction over time and (2) whether organizational prioritization of HWPs moderates the relationship between engagement with HWPs and quality of relationships at work. The results of our multilevel and longitudinal structural equation model (N = 7,785 UK employees, nested within 64 organizations) showed that the more employees engage with HWPs, the better the quality of co‐worker relationships, the less they experience bullying over time and the better their longer‐term wellbeing and job satisfaction. Against expectations, organizational prioritization of HWPs did not moderate the link between HWPs engagement and perceived co‐worker relationship quality. Theoretical and practical implications of the study are discussed.
Enhancing oxidative stability of tocopherol‐enriched edible oils using short‐term exposure to microwave irradiation
Authors: Choi Hyuk , Na HeeSun , Kim SungHwa , Lee YoonHee , Lee JaeHwan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe effect of microwave irradiation on the oxidative stability of tocopherol‐enriched corn oil at temperatures of 60 or 100°C was evaluated using the Rancimat assay. Short durations of microwave treatment (1 min) on 10‐g oil aliquots were found to increase the induction period of corn oil samples containing 500 and 1000 ppm tocopherol by 7.7% and 9.9%, respectively compared to control oils. The moisture content of tocopherol‐enriched corn oil decreased by 15% compared to that of corn oil after 1 min of microwave treatment. At 100°C, 1000 ppm tocopherol‐enriched corn oil received 3 min of microwave treatment had 5.8% and 9.9% lower primary and secondary oxidation products than control groups, respectively while this effect was not clearly observed for oils stored at 60°C. However, 15 min of microwave irradiation accelerated the rates of lipid oxidation in corn oils irrespective of the addition of tocopherol. Content of α‐ and γ‐tocopherols in 1 min of microwave irradiated samples remained more by 28.8 and 5.8%, respectively than those of controls after 9 h heat treatment at 100°C. Overall, microwave irradiation within 3 min can increase the oxidative stability of 10 g‐corn oils, especially at 100°C, which could be due to the reduced moisture content in the bulk oil matrix.Practical Application: A microwave oven is an irreplaceable home appliance and is widely used in households. Short time exposure to microwave irradiation can remove moisture efficiently from edible oils without the formation of oxidation products, which could increase the oxidative stability of these oils, especially under frying conditions. The results of this study can be utilized to ensure a longer shelf‐life of fried products in the food industry by short time treatment of microwave irradiation.
Mechanism of the structural interaction between whey and lentil proteins in the unique creation of a protein structure
Authors: Alrosan Mohammad , Tan Thuan‐Chew , Easa Azhar Mat , Gammoh Sana , Alu'datt Muhammad H. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPoor solubility is a substantial factor that restricts the production of high value‐added lentil proteins (LPs). In this study, whey protein isolates (WPIs), which have high solubility and are used in various food industries, were mixed with LPs at pH 12 to create LP‐WPI protein complexes with improved water solubility properties using pH‐recycling approach (maintained at pH 12.0 for 60 min and then readjusting to pH 7.0). LP‐WPI protein complexes produced in this study have gained high surface charge, increased in the solubilization of protein complexes to ≈92%, as well as improved resistance against protein aggregation. The ratio of LPs to WPIs has a significant effect on the generation of unique tertiary and secondary protein structures based on the protein–protein interaction (PPI) technique via pH‐recycling. The protein interaction between LPs and WPIs resulted in alteration on the surface morphology of the produced protein complexes. This study showed that electrostatic interaction, hydrophobic force, and hydrogen bond appear as major molecular forces in this PPI. The efficacy of the pH‐recycling method used in this research indicates that this approach could be a robust approach to enhance the functional properties of food proteins.Practical ApplicationThe pH‐recycling technique is a proven technique for protein complexation in creating novel protein complexes with improved functional properties. Even though lentils are a rich source of plant‐based protein, its utilization by food industries is restricted due to the poor water solubility of lentil proteins (LPs). However, by using complexing lentil proteins with whey protein isolates (WPIs), that is, LP‐WPI protein complex, was developed. The water solubility of LP‐WPI protein complex was significantly higher than LPs, up to approximately 92%. In addition, this could improve the utilization of lentil seeds in food application as an alternative for animal‐based proteins.
Whole‐genome sequence analysis of Staphylococcus aureus from retail fish acknowledged the incidence of highly virulent ST672‐MRSA‐IVa/t1309, an emerging Indian clone, in Assam, India
Authors: Muneeb K. H. , Sudha S. , Sivaraman G. K. , Ojha Rakshit , Mendem Suresh Kumar , Murugesan Devi , Raisen C. L. , Shome Bibek , Holmes Mark 
Published: November 2021

SummaryThe epidemiology and toxigenicity of MRSA in the fishery environment are poorly understood. In this study, methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (n = 1) and methicillin‐susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) (n = 2) from retail fish were subjected to comprehensive genome analysis. Here, we report the occurrence of ST672‐MRSA‐IV/t1309 and ST5‐MSSA/t105 for the first time from India in the fishery environment. The resistome of the isolates was in concordance with their phenotypic resistance pattern. Phenotypically, the resistance profile of MSSA isolates (n = 2) was AMP‐CLI‐ERY‐NOR‐PEN. For MRSA (n = 1), it was AMP‐CFZ‐CLI‐ERY‐NOR‐OXA‐PEN. The antibiotic efflux genes and mutations in the antibiotic target accounted for fluoroquinolone resistance whereas methicillin resistance was conferred through possession of a mecA gene. Similarly, all three isolates carried a similar array of virulence factors. The conjugative plasmid inc18 and rep family 10 plasmids were found in two of the three isolates. This study documents the MRSA carrying SCCmec IVa elements which are the markers of community‐associated MRSA (CA‐MRSA). Through the possession of SCCmec IV elements, which are smaller than other types of SCCmec, MRSA can contribute to the rapid dissemination of antimicrobial resistance and virulence factors. In short, our findings highlighted that the presence of ST672‐MRSA in fishery environments may pose a risk to human health.
Epstein–Barr virus status and immunosuppression use in paediatric autoimmune liver disease
Authors: Nayagam Jeremy S. , Heneghan Michael A. , Samyn Marianne , Joshi Deepak 
Published: November 2021

SummaryBackgroundSince azathioprine is associated with lymphoproliferative disorders in Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)‐naïve patients with inflammatory bowel disease, guidelines advise avoidance. No recommendations exist for autoimmune liver disease (AILD).AimsTo evaluate EBV status and EBV‐related complications in paediatric AILD.MethodsSingle‐centre, retrospective, observational study of paediatric AILD.ResultsIn 245 paediatric patients with AILD, azathioprine was used in 168 (68.6%) and mycophenolate mofetil in 69 (28.2%). EBV status was assessed in 18 (10.7%) prior to azathioprine and 6 (8.7%) MMF. Acute EBV infection was diagnosed in five patients while on immunosuppression, resulting in one transient hepatitis and one persistent hepatitis. There were no cases of lymphoproliferative disorder in native livers. Liver transplantation (LT) was performed in 39 (15.9%) patients, with 8 EBV IgG‐negative at LT. Post‐LT EBV viraemia developed in 29 (74.4%), first detected at median 26 days (IQR, 13‐86). EBV IgG‐negative recipients had higher peak viraemia (266 984 IU/mL [IQR, 41108‐2429050] v 5333 [IQR, 2036‐38770], P = .004) and longer time to peak viraemia (375 days [IQR, 251‐884] v 70 [IQR, 21‐604], P = .04). Early EBV‐associated post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) was diagnosed in two patients, both EBV‐IgG negative with prior azathioprine.ConclusionsReal‐world data demonstrate that EBV serostatus is not routinely checked before immunosuppression for paediatric AILD. Lymphoproliferative disorder was not diagnosed in those with native livers; however, EBV IgG‐negative LT recipients receiving EBV IgG‐positive donor organs are at risk of early PTLD. Large multicentre studies with longer follow‐up are required to further evaluate the risk.
Osmolal and anion gaps after acute self‐poisoning with agricultural formulations of the organophosphorus insecticides profenofos and diazinon: A pilot study
Authors: Dhanarisi Jeevan , Tzotzolaki Tanita Maria , Vasileva Ana‐Mariya D. , Kjellberg Matti A. , Hakulinen Hanna , Vanninen Paula , Gawarammana Indika , Mohamed Fahim , Hovda Knut Erik , Eddleston Michael 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSelf‐poisoning with organophosphorus (OP) insecticides is an important means of global self‐harm. The insecticides are formulated with solvents that may also contribute to toxicity. We set up a study to detect changes in osmolal and anion gaps following ingestion of OP insecticides. We recruited consecutive patients admitted to a Teaching Hospital, Sri Lanka, with a history of OP self‐poisoning. The osmolal and anion gaps were calculated on admission and at 4, 24 and 72 h post‐ingestion together with ethanol concentration. Forty‐nine patients were recruited (28 profenofos, 10 diazinon, one coumaphos, one chlorpyrifos, one phenthoate and eight unknown OP). Only modest increases in osmolal and anion gaps were noted. Small rises in osmolal gap above the upper limit of normal were noted in 16/49 (32.7%) of all cases, 9/28 (32.1%) profenofos cases and 4/10 (40.0%) diazinon cases. The anion gap was raised in 24/49 (49.0%) of all cases, 15/28 (53.6%) profenofos cases and 5/10 (50.0%) diazinon cases. We observed a trend for a fall in osmolal gap during the first 24 h, followed by an increase up to 72 h. There was no correlation between the anion gap and serum lactate concentration, indicating that a lactic acidosis was not responsible for the anion gap. Formate, which could have explained the increased gap, was not detected in any of the samples; ketoacids (beta‐hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate) were not measured. This pilot study found that profenofos and diazinon poisoning caused only modest increases in the osmolal and anion gaps in a minority of cases.
L6H21 protects against cognitive impairment and brain pathologies via toll‐like receptor 4–myeloid differentiation factor 2 signalling in prediabetic rats
Authors: Oo Thura Tun , Sumneang Natticha , Ongnok Benjamin , Arunsak Busarin , Chunchai Titikorn , Kerdphoo Sasiwan , Apaijai Nattayaporn , Pratchayasakul Wasana , Liang Guang , Chattipakorn Nipon , Chattipakorn Siriporn C 
Published: November 2021

Background and PurposeChronic high‐fat diet (HFD) intake instigates prediabetes and brain pathologies, which include cognitive decline and neuroinflammation. The myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD‐2)/toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) complex plays a pivotal role in neuroinflammation. The MD‐2 inhibitor (L6H21) reduces systemic inflammation and metabolic disturbances in HFD‐induced prediabetes. However, the potential role of L6H21, and its comparison with metformin, on brain pathologies in HFD‐induced prediabetes has never been investigated.Experimental ApproachMale Wistar rats were given either a normal diet (ND) (n = 8) or a HFD (n = 104) for 16 weeks. At the 13th week, ND‐fed rats were given a vehicle, whereas HFD‐fed rats were randomly divided into 13 subgroups. Each subgroup was given vehicle, L6H21 (three doses) or metformin (300‐mg·kg−1·day−1) for 1, 2 or 4 weeks. Metabolic parameters, cognitive function, brain mitochondrial function, brain TLR4–MD‐2 signalling, microglial morphology, brain oxidative stress, brain cell death and dendritic spine density were investigated.Key ResultsHFD‐fed rats developed prediabetes, neuroinflammation, brain pathologies and cognitive impairment. All doses of L6H21 and metformin given to HFD‐fed rats at 2 and 4 weeks attenuated metabolic disturbance.Conclusion and ImplicationsIn rats, L6H21 and metformin restored cognition and attenuated brain pathologies dose and time‐dependently. These results indicate a neuroprotective role of MD‐2 inhibitor in a model of prediabetes.
Endothelial AMPKα1/PRKAA1 exacerbates inflammation in HFD‐fed mice
Authors: Yang Qiuhua , Ma Qian , Xu Jiean , Liu Zhiping , Mao Xiaoxiao , Zhou Yaqi , Cai Yongfeng , Da Qingen , Hong Mei , Weintraub Neal L. , Fulton David J. , Belin de Chantemèle Eric J. , Huo Yuqing 
Published: November 2021

Background and PurposeExcess nutrient‐induced endothelial cell inflammation is a hallmark of high fat diet (HFD)‐induced metabolic syndrome. Pharmacological activation of the protein kinase AMP‐activated α1 (PRKAA1) also known as AMPKα1, shows its beneficial effects in many studies of cardiometabolic disorders. However, AMPKα1, as a major cellular sensor of energy and nutrients in endothelial cells, has not been studied for its physiological role in excess nutrient‐induced endothelial cell (EC) inflammation.Experimental ApproachWild‐type and EC‐specific Prkaa1 knockout mice were fed with an HFD. Body weight, fat mass composition, glucose, and lipid levels were monitored regularly. Insulin sensitivity was analysed systemically and in major metabolic organs/tissues. Inflammation status in metabolic organs/tissues were examined with quantitative RT‐PCR and flow cytometry. Additionally, metabolic status, inflammation severity, and signalling in cultured ECs were assayed with multiple approaches at the molecular level.Key ResultsEC Prkaa1 deficiency unexpectedly alleviated HFD‐induced metabolic syndromes including decreased body weight and fat mass, enhanced glucose clearance and insulin sensitivity, and relieved adipose inflammation and hepatic steatosis. Mechanistically, PRKAA1 knockdown in cultured ECs reduced endothelial glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation, decreased levels of acetyl‐CoA and suppressed transcription of inflammatory molecules mediated by ATP citrate lyase and histone acetyltransferase p300.Conclusions and ImplicationsThis unexpected pro‐inflammatory effect of endothelial AMPKα1/PRKAA1 in a metabolic context provides additional insight in AMPKα1/PRKAA1 activities. An in‐depth study and thoughtful consideration should be applied when AMPKα1/PRKAA1 is used as a therapeutic target in the treatment of metabolic syndrome.
Letermovir treatment for CMV infection in kidney and pancreas transplantation: A valuable option for complicated cases
Authors: Ortiz Fernanda , Lempinen Marko , Aaltonen Sari , Koivuviita Niina , Helanterä Ilkka 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCytomegalovirus (CMV) infection remains a major challenge in solid organ transplantation. Ganciclovir has changed the prognosis, but with the expense of possible viral resistance. New antiviral drugs, such as letermovir, have not been studied sufficiently in kidney and pancreas transplant recipients. We reviewed abdominal organ transplants recipients with CMV infection from the national transplant registry and identified patients treated with letermovir from electronic medical records. We report on letermovir treatment in one kidney and three simultaneous pancreas and kidney (SPK) transplant patients with refractory or ganciclovir‐resistant CMV infection (UL54/ UL97 mutation). In SPK patients, persistent leukopenia undermined immunosuppressive and antiviral treatment, favoring life‐threatening bacterial infections or ganciclovir resistance. All patients achieved viral clearance after letermovir monotherapy of 1.5–6 months. Letermovir was well tolerated and leukopenia resolved. Adjustments of calcineurin inhibitor doses were challenging. One acute rejection occurred because of under immunosuppression. After the end of treatment, recurrent low‐grade CMV‐DNAemia was common requiring reinitiating antiviral therapy to achieve viral clearance. To conclude, letermovir was a well‐tolerated valuable option for the treatment of refractory or resistant CMV infection in kidney and pancreas transplantation.
Digging out intersexual and meteorological effects on cicada emergence using 10‐year citizen monitoring
Authors: Mukaimine Wataru , Kawatsu Kazutaka , Toquenaga Yukihiko 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms determining the emergence timing of herbivorous insects is ecologically important. However, little is known about the effect of climatic factors and the presence of conspecific individuals on their emergence in the field. In particular, it is challenging to investigate the seasonal emergence of cicadas because these insects have a long life‐cycle and subterranean larval stages.
We assembled a time‐series dataset that consists of daily counts of emerging cicadas together with meteorological factors, using long‐term collection of cicada exuviae by elementary and junior‐high‐school students. We then performed a non‐linear time‐series analysis, empirical dynamic modelling, to identify factors behind the timing of cicada emergence.
Our findings are three‐fold: (1) emergence of individuals of the opposite sex constitute a major driver of the number of individuals emerging per day, and this effect is stronger in males than in females, (2) as in other insect species, air temperature consistently affects cicada emergence, but its effects are relatively weak and (3) precipitation and humidity were causally related to emergence.
These results are consistent with the theory of sexual selection as well as the fact that it is hard for the subterranean cicada larvae to use information about air temperature. Significantly, the findings are based on long‐term field data collected by non‐expert citizens.
Duration, deviation and operator's perception of static computer assisted implant placements by inexperienced clinicians
Authors: Abduo Jaafar , Lau Douglas 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionThis study measured the duration, deviation and operator's perception of implant placement by fully guided (FG), pilot‐guided (PG) and freehand (FH) protocols by postgraduate students with minimal implant experience.Materials and MethodsTwenty postgraduate students participated in the study. Half of them placed single anterior (S‐Ant) and single posterior (S‐Post) implants, and the other half placed anterior (B‐Ant) and posterior (B‐Post) implants in a wide edentulous area. The PG placement involved surgical guides that only controlled pilot drilling, whilst the FG placement controlled all the drilling steps and implant placement. The duration of implant placement and the operator's perception (ease of drilling, ease of implant placement and operator's preference) were measured. The deviations of placed implants were quantified by measuring the trueness and angulation deviations in relation to the planned implants.ResultsThe PG placement was the quickest for inserting implants, followed by FG and FH placements, respectively (p < .05). The location of the implant had influenced the duration of implant placement only for the PG placement. In relation to ease of drilling, ease of implant placement and operator's preference, there was no significant difference amongst the different placement protocols or implant locations. The FG placement was associated with least deviations, followed by PG and FH placements, respectively (p < .05).ConclusionsIn the hands of postgraduate students with minimal implant experience, FG and PG placements reduced the implant placement duration in comparison with FH placement. The FG placement was consistently more accurate followed by PG placement.
Settling down: T+2 settlement cycle and liquidity
Authors: Baig Ahmed , Breeze Stephen , Cox Justin , Griffith Todd 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe examine the effects of a shortened settlement cycle on liquidity. Our difference‐in‐difference results show that securities listed on US stock exchanges become more liquid, relative to similarly matched securities listed on the London Stock Exchange, after the standard settlement cycle in the United States was reduced from T+3 to T+2. These results hold across various low‐ and high‐frequency measures of liquidity and empirical model specifications. Furthermore, we find that securities that are more difficult‐to‐borrow experience the greatest gains in liquidity. Our findings might provide insights to regulators and exchange officials considering the adoption of a shortened settlement cycle.