bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seaweed aquaculture: a preliminary assessment of biosecurity measures for controlling the ice-ice syndrome and pest outbreaks of a Kappaphycus farm
Authors: Kambey Cicilia S. B. , Campbell Iona , Cottier-Cook Elizabeth J. , Nor Adibi R. M. , Kassim Azhar , Sade Ahemad , Lim Phaik E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe application of biosecurity in seaweed aquaculture plays an important role in reducing the impact of disease and pest outbreaks. The continuous occurrence of seaweed pests including the macroalgal epiphytes, epi-endophytic filamentous algae and biofilms on Kappaphycus farms may also potentially induce further incidences of the ice-ice syndrome. In this study, on-farm biosecurity management measures were tested on the commercially grown seaweeds Kappaphycus malesianus and Kappaphycus alvarezii during peak ice-ice season at Gallam-Gallam Village, Sabah, Malaysia. The investigation was focused on preventative control measures including the early detection of the ice-ice syndrome and pests through propagule health checks, regular cleaning of the crop thallus and associated long-line ropes and monitoring of the environment. Farm procedures and practices were also assessed in terms of their biosecurity ‘risk’ using the hazard analysis and critical control point (HCCAP) approach. Observations were replicated in two different farm management systems; one system adopted routine biosecurity measures and the other had no biosecurity measures. The results showed that the ice-ice syndrome and pest outbreak was significantly decreased by 60–75% for K. malesianus and 29–71% for K. alvarezii at the farm which adopted the routine biosecurity measures compared with the no biosecurity treatment. The biosecurity measures also significantly improved growth rate and seaweed quality. The infection levels of the epi-endophyte Melanothamnus sp. contributed to the ice-ice syndrome in K. malesianus, whilst the epiphyte coverage was correlated to the ice-ice incidence in K. alvarezii. This study provides the first evidence of biosecurity management measures significantly decreasing the incidence of the ice-ice syndrome and pests on a commercial seaweed farm.
Assessment of the independent and combined effects of copper and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on gametogenesis and sporophyte development of the kelp Lessonia spicata (Phaeophyceae, Ochrophyta)
Authors: Espinoza-González Camila , Meynard Andrés , Núñez Alejandra , Castañeda Francisco , Oyarzo-Miranda Carolina , Latorre-Padilla Nicolás , Rivas Jorge , Contreras-Porcia Loretto 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCoastal shores near the industrial park of Quintero Bay in central Chile exhibit increasing concentrations of copper (Cu) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), well above international standards. This raises concern about their combined toxic effects on early development stages of kelps. Accordingly, we aimed to assess more accurately the independent and combined effects of Cu and PAHs on gametogenesis and sporophyte development in the kelp Lessonia spicata from central Chile by in vitro cultivation. Independent Cu and PAH trials were performed using increasing nominal concentrations of Cu and PAHs in the ranges 0.8–200 µg L−1 and 0.05–100 µg L−1, respectively. Cu and PAH median effective concentrations (EC50) on gametogenesis and early sporophyte formation were calculated using DRC in the R environment. Then, combined EC50 Cu + PAH trials were conducted to determine their effects on gametogenesis and sporophyte formation. Cu EC50 values on gametogenesis and sporophyte formation were up to three orders of magnitude lower than EC50 reported previously on spore germination in kelps. The gametogenesis (EC50 = 1.39 µg L−1) was more sensitive to Cu than sporophyte formation (EC50 = 11 µg L−1). Inversely, sporophyte formation (EC50 = 0.04 µg L−1) was more sensitive to PAHs (EC50 = 0.11 µg L−1). Considering the entire exposure period, the combined EC50 Cu + PAH exposure was the most harmful and rapid for L. spicata microscopic stages, especially the synergistic effect on early sporophytes. This highlights the need to acquire an integrated knowledge of the seasonal variation of pollutants and their combination on highly intervened coasts.
In situ visualization of large-scale turbulence simulations in Nek5000 with ParaView Catalyst
Authors: Atzori Marco , Köpp Wiebke , Chien Steven W. D. , Massaro Daniele , Mallor Fermín , Peplinski Adam , Rezaei Mohamad , Jansson Niclas , Markidis Stefano , Vinuesa Ricardo , Laure Erwin , Schlatter Philipp , Weinkauf Tino 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn situ visualization on high-performance computing systems allows us to analyze simulation results that would otherwise be impossible, given the size of the simulation data sets and offline post-processing execution time. We develop an in situ adaptor for Paraview Catalyst and Nek5000, a massively parallel Fortran and C code for computational fluid dynamics. We perform a strong scalability test up to 2048 cores on KTH’s Beskow Cray XC40 supercomputer and assess in situ visualization’s impact on the Nek5000 performance. In our study case, a high-fidelity simulation of turbulent flow, we observe that in situ operations significantly limit the strong scalability of the code, reducing the relative parallel efficiency to only $$\approx 21\%$$

≈
21
%

on 2048 cores (the relative efficiency of Nek5000 without in situ operations is $$\approx 99\%$$

≈
99
%

). Through profiling with Arm MAP, we identified a bottleneck in the image composition step (that uses the Radix-kr algorithm) where a majority of the time is spent on MPI communication. We also identified an imbalance of in situ processing time between rank 0 and all other ranks. In our case, better scaling and load-balancing in the parallel image composition would considerably improve the performance of Nek5000 with in situ capabilities. In general, the result of this study highlights the technical challenges posed by the integration of high-performance simulation codes and data-analysis libraries and their practical use in complex cases, even when efficient algorithms already exist for a certain application scenario.
Journal flipping to Open Access: The Perception of Spanish Journal Managers
Authors: Bautista-Puig Núria , López-Illescas Carmen , Moed Henk F. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThere is a growing interest in determining the factors that influence a journal’s flipping to Open Access (OA). Using semi-structured interviews combined with bibliometric indicators, this paper uncovers the perception of Spanish managers related to OA and the decision to flip. The key research questions are twofold: How well do bibliometric measures reflect the changes in the status of the journal? How do journal managers perceive the flipping process? In order to answer these, twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted with journal managers of Spanish Journals. The findings suggest the great majority of managers are aware of the indicators, but only two considered they reflect their reality. The results indicate as the main motivations to flip to OA: being imposed by the host institution, economic reasons, and increase visibility and internationalization. An increase in the number of submissions, visibility, or internationalization since the transition is perceived as a benefit while the loss of interchanges with other institutions is seen as the major drawback. Although flipping to OA is perceived by the managers to have many advantages, it raises some challenges too, especially the need for funding, lack of resources capacity for technical support, and the creation of alliances.
Crystallography of Fe–Mn–Al–Ni Shape Memory Alloys
Authors: Leineweber A. , Walnsch A. , Fischer P. , Schumann H. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe microstructure of the martensite formed in Fe–Mn–Al–Ni alloys of varying composition, consisting of A2 austenite and A1-like martensite, was investigated by means of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). While sufficiently structured EBSD patterns clearly revealed a tetragonal distortion of the (twinned) martensite, robust indexing using Hough-transform-based methods were successful only by assuming a cubic symmetry of the martensite. It was shown that predictions made based on the Phenomenological Theory of Martensite Crystallography (PTMC) were well compatible with the experimental data, irrespective of the alloy composition. This includes a (near-)Pitsch orientation relationship and habit planes close to {110}A2.
High Order Semi-implicit Multistep Methods for Time-Dependent Partial Differential Equations
Authors: Albi Giacomo , Pareschi Lorenzo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe consider the construction of semi-implicit linear multistep methods that can be applied to time-dependent PDEs where the separation of scales in additive form, typically used in implicit-explicit (IMEX) methods, is not possible. As shown in Boscarino et al. (J. Sci. Comput. 68: 975–1001, 2016) for Runge-Kutta methods, these semi-implicit techniques give a great flexibility, and allow, in many cases, the construction of simple linearly implicit schemes with no need of iterative solvers. In this work, we develop a general setting for the construction of high order semi-implicit linear multistep methods and analyze their stability properties for a prototype linear advection-diffusion equation and in the setting of strong stability preserving (SSP) methods. Our findings are demonstrated on several examples, including nonlinear reaction-diffusion and convection-diffusion problems.
Effect of a parenting intervention on decreasing adolescents’ behavioral problems via reduction in attachment insecurity: A longitudinal, multicenter, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Barone Lavinia , Carone Nicola , Costantino Antonella , Genschow Jennifer , Merelli Sara , Milone Annarita , Polidori Lisa , Ruglioni Laura , Moretti Marlene M. 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTIntroductionSecure attachment in adolescence, related to caregiving quality, is a robust predictor of positive behavioral adjustment in early adulthood and beyond. Nevertheless, few attempts have been made to develop treatments to promote parent–adolescent attachment security.MethodsUsing a longitudinal, multicenter, randomized controlled trial design, two questionnaire‐based studies were run in Italy (Study 1: n = 100 mothers of adolescents, 60% boys, Mage = 14.89, SD = 1.58; Study 2: n = 40 mothers and 40 adolescents, 60% boys, Mage = 14.90, SD = 1.91) to test the effectiveness of an attachment‐based parenting intervention (i.e., Connect) in reducing adolescents’ behavioral problems and attachment insecurity 2 weeks post‐intervention (t2) and at a 4‐month follow‐up (t3). It was further investigated whether a decrease in avoidant and anxious attachment at t2 would account for changes in externalizing and internalizing problems, respectively, at t3. All adolescents belonged to two‐parent intact families.ResultsMothers who completed Connect reported significantly fewer adolescent behavioral problems and lower adolescent attachment insecurity, compared to mothers in the waitlist group, at both t2 and t3 (Study 1). These findings were confirmed in a second subsample (Study 2), considering both mothers' and adolescents’ reports. Controlling for pre‐intervention behavioral problems, reductions in internalizing and externalizing problems were observed in both studies at t3 via a decrease in anxious and avoidant attachment, respectively, at t2.ConclusionsThe findings point to the malleability of attachment security in adolescence and highlight the importance of targeting parenting quality to promote adolescent behavioral adjustment.
The Role of GPR in Community-Driven Compliance Archaeology with Tribal and Non-tribal Communities in Central California
Authors: Nelson Peter A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFor tribes whose preservation values and mitigation strategies for managing cultural heritage are built on an ethic of avoidance and minimal disturbance, geophysical technologies can be key components of the research design. These technologies, most notably ground-penetrating radar, have been used with great success in identifying and evaluating the depth, extent, and composition of some of those resources for heritage research and management purposes, easing tensions when working with sensitive ancestral places. Additionally, research in archaeological geophysics has shifted from feature finding in order to excavate targets of interest to the recognition that geophysical survey can provide data and interpretations for whole sites and landscapes complementary to or beyond that of excavation, especially regarding the intactness and sensitivity of cultural heritage sites. This use of geophysics as a primary method for research rather than a precursor to archaeological research has empowered tribes with another tool to advocate for low-impact investigation of ancestral sites and landscapes that position tribes as pro-science. Geophysical technologies provide scientifically rigorous yet minimally impactful strategies for investigating heritage while satisfying the requirements of academic and compliance archaeology in ways that can also be culturally appropriate for a much broader spectrum of tribal cultural heritage under consideration.
Management of COVID-19 Outbreak in Argentina: Stage 2
Authors: Cereghini Julian , Gemelli Nicolás 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjective:With the intention to try to contain the spread of the viral disease, several measures were taken in Argentina for long periods of time.Methods:The lack of labor activity, social constraints, and a strong sense of helplessness, combined with a complex economic scenario with recession, inflation, and devaluation, led to the emergence of a dense climate of discontent.Results:After a second wave hit the country, several measures were reinstalled. The Argentine society, polarized in many aspects, was further divided between those who supported the re-establishment of strict measures to help prevent further infections and those who desperately claimed for the urgent need to return to work to sustain their livings.Conclusions:The preexisting problems to which developing countries are usually exposed have been sharpened over the last year, determining a very complex scenario where every decision is important for the country’s future. An updated report of the current situation and its management in different countries is of vital importance regarding global health issues and may serve for feedback and decision-making.
Centralizers of derived-from-Anosov systems on : rigidity versus triviality
Authors: GAN SHAOBO , SHI YI , XU DISHENG , ZHANG JINHUA 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we study the centralizer of a partially hyperbolic diffeomorphism on
${\mathbb T}^3$
which is homotopic to an Anosov automorphism, and we show that either its centralizer is virtually trivial or such diffeomorphism is smoothly conjugate to its linear part.
Convergence of the Birkhoff normal form sometimes implies convergence of a normalizing transformation
Authors: DE LA LLAVE RAFAEL , SAPRYKINA MARIA 
Published: August 2021

AbstractConsider an analytic Hamiltonian system near its analytic invariant torus
$\mathcal T_0$
carrying zero frequency. We assume that the Birkhoff normal form of the Hamiltonian at
$\mathcal T_0$
is convergent and has a particular form: it is an analytic function of its non-degenerate quadratic part. We prove that in this case there is an analytic canonical transformation—not just a formal power series—bringing the Hamiltonian into its Birkhoff normal form.
Cloacal temperature responses of broiler chickens administered with fisetin and probiotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and exposed to heat stress
Authors: Sumanu Victory O. , Aluwong Tagang , Ayo Joseph O. , Ogbuagu Ngozi E. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
There is dearth information on the role of fisetin as an antistress agent in ameliorating heat stress in broiler chickens. Here, we experimentally compared probiotic, an antioxidant and antistress agent, with fisetin, an antioxidant agent with little or no report on its antistress effect. Sixty-day-old broiler chickens (Arbo Acre breed) were allotted into 4 groups of 15 birds each as follows; control, fisetin, probiotic, and fisetin + probiotic groups, respectively. All administrations were performed orally through gavage for the treatment groups. The environmental and cloacal temperature (CT) parameters were measured bi-hourly at Days 21, 28, and 35 from 7:00 to 7:00 hr, during the period of study. The environmental parameters exceeded the thermoneutral zone for broiler chickens. The probiotic-supplemented group had the least overall mean CT values all through the experimental period. Based on our findings, fisetin was not a potent antistress agent in mitigating heat stress in birds.
Policy Dialogue: The Problems and Promises of Higher Education in the United States
Authors: Goldrick-Rab Sara , Labaree David 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNearly 70 percent of American students enroll in postsecondary education immediately after graduating high school. Yet college and university completion rates remain highly disparate across social and economic groups. White students in the US are 20 percent more likely than Black and Latino students to graduate, and students from high-income backgrounds are roughly five times more likely to graduate than their lower-income peers. As a result, many students leave higher education without a degree, bearing debt that cannot be discharged through bankruptcy. The upshot is that much of the $1.7 trillion in student loan obligations today is held by those who cannot afford to repay it—an immediate crisis for millions of individuals and a looming threat to the US economy. How did we arrive at this juncture? And what should we do from here?For this Policy Dialogue, the HEQ editors asked Sara Goldrick-Rab and David Labaree to explore the past, present, and future of pressing issues facing American higher education. Goldrick-Rab is professor of sociology and medicine at Temple University as well as President and Founder of the Hope Center for College, Community, and Justice in Philadelphia. She is also the chief strategy officer for emergency aid at Edquity, a student financial success and emergency aid company, and founder of Believe in Students, a nonprofit distributing emergency aid. Labaree is a past president of the History of Education Society and the Lee L. Jacks Professor Emeritus at Stanford University. Their dialogue takes readers on a quick and heady jaunt across time, across the country, and across almost all institutional types in higher education.HEQ Policy Dialogues are, by design, intended to promote an informal, free exchange of ideas between scholars. At the end of the exchange, we offer a list of references for readers who wish to follow up on sources relevant to the discussion.
The Right to Residency: Mobility, Tuition, and Public Higher Education Access
Authors: Walsh Camille 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis article argues that the now-widespread US practice of residency-based tuition differentials for public higher education institutions is a twentieth-century form of higher education exceptionalism carved out in law and state policy, contradicting otherwise cherished and protected rights of free movement. This contradiction has been enabled in part by the vague standard of constitutional protection for the right to interstate mobility and in part by fiscal deference to public universities that quickly recognized the potential benefits of higher nonresident tuition rates. By both defining higher education as outside of the “necessities of life” and upholding a narrative that the children of state residents had a special entitlement to lower tuition as a kind of “legacy” taxpayer inheritance, courts, legislatures, and educational institutions built a modern higher education finance structure that discriminates against the mobility of “newcomers” and any student with a complicated family structure or residency status.
Challenges in hospital-acquired coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) surveillance and attribution of infection source
Authors: Lewis Sarah S. , Kalu Ibukunoluwa C. , Seidelman Jessica , Anderson Deverick J. , Moehring Rebekah W. , Smith Becky A. ,   for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Epicenters Program
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe performed surveillance for hospital-acquired COVID-19 (HA-COVID-19) and compared time-based, electronic definitions to real-time adjudication of the most likely source of acquisition. Without real-time adjudication, nearly 50% of HA-COVID-19 cases identified using electronic definitions were misclassified. Both electronic and traditional contact tracing methods likely underestimated the incidence of HA-COVID-19.
Immobility and crisis: rethinking migrants’ journeys through Libya to Europe
Authors: Achtnich Marthe 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMuch work on recent unauthorized migration via Libya to Europe – often framed as a migration ‘crisis’ – is focused on linear movement, isolated snapshots and points of arrival on European shores. Migrants’ experiences along their journeys and prior to arriving in Europe, important for their future mobilities, are neglected. By highlighting multi-sited ethnographic fieldwork in Libya and Malta, this paper calls for an analytical focus on immobilities along the journey, so as to develop a more nuanced account of the lived experiences of mobile life. Immobility retrieves situations and relations erased by linear accounts of migration. When looked at in comparative terms through the journey, immobility reveals the variegated forces that shape mobile life.
Political taste: Exploring how perception of bitter substances may reveal risk tolerance and political preferences
Authors: Friesen Amanda , Ksiazkiewicz Aleksander , Gothreau Claire 
Published: August 2021

AbstractRisk is endemic to the political arena and influences citizen engagement. We explore this connection by suggesting that risk-taking may be biologically instantiated in sensory systems. With specific attention to gender and gender identity, we investigate the connections between self-reported bitter taste reception, risk tolerance, and both of their associations with political participation. In three U.S. samples collected in 2019 and 2020, participants were asked to rate their preferences from lists of foods as well as whether they detected the taste of the substance N-Propylthiouracil (PROP) and, if so, the strength of the taste. In this registered report, we find that self-reported bitter taste preference, but not PROP detection, is positively associated with higher levels of risk tolerance as well as political participation. The pattern with gender and gender identity is mixed across our samples, but interestingly, we find that sex-atypical gender identity positively predicts political participation.
Darwin and American public administration
Authors: Slomski Benjamin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis research note addresses a gap in the public administration literature by arguing that a political Darwinism was present in the intellectual origins of American administrative theory. By examining the arguments of Woodrow Wilson, this article demonstrates that Darwinism complemented the German political thought that contributed to the establishment of America’s administrative state. The application of Darwinian evolutionary biology to politics was a vital element of Wilson’s reconceptualization of the state as a living organism. Darwinism was a key rhetorical tool employed by Wilson in his argument against the Constitution’s separation of powers. This note finds that Darwinism was present in the early stages of public administration theory in Wilson’s argumentation and persists today in the public administration literature. It concludes by sketching out an agenda for further research on Darwinism’s influence on public administration.