bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiomics Analysis of Multi-Sequence MR Images For Predicting Microsatellite Instability Status Preoperatively in Rectal Cancer
Authors: Li Zongbao , Dai Hui , Liu Yunxia , Pan Feng , Yang Yanyan , Zhang Mengchao 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundImmunotherapy, adjuvant chemotherapy, and prognosis of colorectal cancer are associated with MSI. Biopsy pathology cannot fully reflect the MSI status and heterogeneity of rectal cancer.PurposeTo develop a radiomic-based model to preoperatively predict MSI status in rectal cancer on MRI.AssessmentThe patients were divided into two cohorts (training and testing) at a 7:3 ratio. Radiomics features, including intensity, texture, and shape, were extracted from the segmented volumes of interest based on T2-weighted and ADC imaging.Statistical TestsIndependent sample t test, Mann-Whitney test, the chi-squared test, Receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration curves, decision curve analysis and multi-variate logistic regression analysisResultsThe radiomics models were significantly associated with MSI status. The T2-based model showed an area under the curve of 0.870 with 95% CI: 0.794–0.945 (accuracy, 0.845; specificity, 0.714; sensitivity, 0.976) in training set and 0.895 with 95% CI, 0.777–1.000 (accuracy, 0.778; specificity, 0.887; sensitivity, 0.772) in testing set. The ADC-based model had an AUC of 0.790 with 95% CI: 0.794–0.945 (accuracy, 0.774; specificity, 0.714; sensitivity, 0.976) in training set and 0.796 with 95% CI, 0.777–1.000 (accuracy, 0.778; specificity, 0.889; sensitivity, 0.772) in testing set. The combined model integrating T2 and ADC features showed an AUC of 0.908 with 95% CI: 0.845–0.971 (accuracy, 0.857; specificity, 0.762; sensitivity, 0.952) in training set and 0.926 with 95% CI: 0.813-1.000 (accuracy, 0.852; specificity, 1.000; sensitivity, 0.778) in testing set. Calibration curve showed that the combined score had a good calibration degree, and the decision curve demonstrated that the combined score was of benefit for clinical use.Data ConclusionRadiomics analysis of T2W and ADC images showed significant relevance in the prediction of microsatellite status, and the accuracy of combined model of ADC and T2W features was better than either alone.
The Incidence and Risk Factors for Persistent Acute Kidney Injury Following Total Cavopulmonary Connection Surgery: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis of 465 Children
Authors: Jia Yuan , Luo Qipeng , Su Zhanhao , Xiong Chao , Wang Hongbai , Li Yinan , Wu Xie , Yuan Su , Yan Fuxia 
Published: July 2021

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac surgery contributes to adverse outcomes. We aimed to assess the incidence and identify the predictors for persistent AKI after total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) surgery.Methods: A retrospective study, including 465 children undergoing TCPC surgery from 2010 to 2019, was conducted. We used pRIFLE criteria to define AKI and defined persistent AKI as AKIs occurring between post-operative day1 (POD1) and POD3 and sustaining at least on POD7. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were applied to analyze the predictors for persistent AKI.Results: A total of 35.3% patients developed AKI between POD1 to POD3 and 15.5% patents had persistent AKI after TCPC. Patients with persistent AKI had prolonged mechanical ventilation and ICU stay, and had higher rates of renal replacement treatment and reintubation, which was associated with higher hospitalization costs and in-hospital mortality. The independent predictors for persistent AKI were peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) upon admission, intraoperative fluid balance, POD0 maximal lactic acid, renal perfusion pressure (RPP), POD0 estimated glomerular filtration rate and POD0 total bilirubin. The areas under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) in the total cohort and the subgroup undergoing TCPC surgery after 2017 were 0.75 (95% CI, 0.66–0.82) and 0.87 (95% CI, 0.77–0.97), respectively. The acceptable AUCs (nearly 0.7) were achieved in other 5 subgroups and good calibration ability (p ≥ 0.05) were achieved in the total cohort and all six subgroups.Conclusions: Persistent AKI after TCPC was common and strongly associated with poorer in-hospital outcomes in Chinese pediatric patients. Six perioperative variables, including SpO2, intraoperative fluid balance, POD0 maximal lactic acid, RPP, POD0 moderate-to-severe kidney injury and POD0 total bilirubin, were identified as independent predictors for persistent AKI. Our findings may help to perform an early risk stratification for these vulnerable patients and improve their outcomes.
Challenges in the Surgical Treatment of Atrioventricular Septal Defect in Children With and Without Down Syndrome in Romania-A Developing Country
Authors: Olariu Ioana-Cristina , Popoiu Anca , Ardelean Andrada-Mara , Isac Raluca , Steflea Ruxandra Maria , Olariu Tudor , Chirita-Emandi Adela , Stroescu Ramona , Gafencu Mihai , Doros Gabriela 
Published: July 2021

Background: Atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) is a cardiac malformation that accounts for up to 5% of total congenital heart disease, occurring with high frequency in people with Down Syndrome (DS). We aimed to establish the surgical challenges and outcome of medical care in different types of AVSD in children with DS compared to those without DS (WDS).Methods: The study included 62 children (31 with DS) with AVSD, evaluated over a 5 year period.Results: Complete AVSD was observed in 49 (79%) children (27 with DS). Six children had partial AVSD (all WDS) and seven had intermediate types of AVSD (4 with DS). Eight children had unbalanced complete AVSD (1 DS). Median age at diagnosis and age at surgical intervention in complete AVSD was not significantly different in children with DS compared to those WDS (7.5 months vs. 8.6). Median age at surgical intervention for partial and transitional AVSDs was 10.5 months for DS and 17.8 months in those without DS. A large number of patients were not operated: 13/31 with DS and 8/31 WDS.Conclusion: The complete form of AVSD was more frequent in DS group, having worse prognosis, while unbalanced AVSD was observed predominantly in the group without DS. Children with DS required special attention due to increased risk of pulmonary hypertension. Late diagnosis was an important risk factor for poor prognosis, in the setting of suboptimal access to cardiac surgery for patients in Romania. Although post-surgery mortality was low, infant mortality before surgery remains high. Increased awareness is needed in order to provide early diagnosis of AVSD and enable optimal surgical treatment.
Safety and Pharmacokinetic Profiles of Long-Acting Injectable Antiretroviral Drugs for HIV-1 Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Trials
Authors: Lazarus Gilbert , Wangsaputra Vincent Kharisma , Christianto  , Louisa Melva , Soetikno Vivian , Hamers Raph L. 
Published: July 2021

Objectives: To investigate the safety and pharmacokinetic profiles of long-acting injectable pre-exposure prophylaxis (LAI PrEP), notably cabotegravir (CAB-LA) and rilpivirine (RPV-LA), for the prevention of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection.Methods: Eligible randomized trials of LAI PrEP in HIV-uninfected and/or healthy patients were included and assessed with the Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials. Where feasible, a meta-analysis was performed for safety outcomes by using a random-effects model with risk ratios and their 95% confidence intervals as the common effect measure. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO CRD42020154772.Results: Eight studies cumulating a total of 666 participants were included in this systematic review, including five (362 intervention-arm volunteers) and four trials (194 intervention-arm volunteers) that investigated CAB-LA and RPV-LA, respectively. We found that both CAB-LA and RPV-LA were generally well-tolerated as their safety profiles were similar to placebo in terms of any adverse event (AE), serious AE, and AE-related withdrawals. Furthermore, pharmacokinetic analyses revealed favorable prospects in viral inhibitory activity of CAB-LA and RPV-LA. Intramuscular (IM) injection of CAB-LA 600 mg Q8W was superior to CAB-LA 800 mg Q12W in male participants, while the same was true for RPV-LA 1200 mg IM Q8W over other dosing regimens. Although these results are promising, further research is required to confirm the findings on RPV-LA as current evidence is limited.Conclusion: CAB-LA and RPV-LA have promising safety and pharmacokinetic profiles. The preventive efficacy of these agents is being evaluated in Phase 3 trials.
Phenylethanoid Glycosides From Callicarpa kwangtungensis Chun Attenuate TNF-α-Induced Cell Damage by Inhibiting NF-κB Pathway and Enhancing Nrf2 Pathway in A549 Cells
Authors: Zheng Jing-Na , Zhuo Jian-Yi , Nie Juan , Liu Yan-Lu , Chen Bao-Yi , Wu Ai-Zhi , Li Yu-Cui 
Published: July 2021

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) is a complicated and severe lung disease, which is often characterized by acute inflammation. Poliumoside (POL), acteoside (ACT) and forsythiaside B (FTB) are phenylethanoid glycosides (PGs) with strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties, which are extracted from Callicarpa kwangtungensis Chun (CK). The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of POL, ACT, and FTB against TNF-α-induced damage using an ALI cell model and explore their potential mechanisms.Methods and Results: MTT method was used to measure cell viability. Flow cytometry was used for detecting the apoptosis rate. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity was determined using fluorescence microscope. The expression of mRNA in apoptosis-related genes (Caspase 3, Caspase 8, and Caspase 9) were tested by qPCR. The effects of POL, ACT, FTB on the activities of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and the expression of their downstream genes were assessed by western blotting and RT-PCR in A549 cells. In the current study, POL, ACT, and FTB dose-dependently attenuated TNF-α-induced IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 production, cell apoptosis, the expression of apoptosis-related genes (Caspase 3, Caspase 8, and Caspase 9) and ROS activity. POL, ACT, and FTB not only increased in the mRNA levels of antioxidative enzymes NADPH quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1), glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC), heme oxygenase (HO-1), but also decreased the mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8. Furthermore, they upregulated the expression of Keap1 and enhanced the activation of Nrf2, while decreased the expression of phosphor-IκBα (p-IκBα) and nuclear p65. In addition, no significant changes were observed in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of POL, ACT, FTB following Nrf2 and NF-κB p65 knockdown.Conclusion: Our study revealed that POL, ACT, and FTB alleviated oxidative damage and lung inflammation of TNF-α-induced ALI cell model through regulating the Nrf2 and NF-κB pathways.
Coping With Adolescents Affected by Anorexia Nervosa: The Role of Parental Personality Traits
Authors: Monteleone Alessio Maria , Mereu Alberta , Cascino Giammarco , Castiglioni Maria Chiara , Marchetto Chiara , Grasso Melissa , Pontillo Maria , Pisano Tiziana , Vicari Stefano , Zanna Valeria 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionAnorexia nervosa (AN) promotes psychological distress in caregivers who adopt different coping strategies. Dysfunctional caregiving styles exacerbate further distress in the patient promoting the maintenance of the illness. We aimed to assess the possible contribution of personality traits of caregivers to the adoption of different coping strategies to deal with the affected relative.MethodsAbout 87 adolescents with AN were recruited. Their parents completed the Family Coping Questionnaire for Eating Disorders (FCQ-EDs) and the Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised (TCI-R). Differences between mothers and fathers were assessed through the independent sample t-test. Multivariate regression analyses were run to assess if personality traits, the occurrence of psychiatry conditions in the parents, the marital status, and the duration of the illness predicted parental coping strategies.ResultsThe group of mothers showed higher levels of avoidance and seeking for information coping strategies than the sample of fathers. Lower illness duration predicted higher collusion with the illness in both parents. Harm avoidance, cooperativeness, and self-directedness positively predicted parental coercion, collusion, and seeking for information strategies with some differences between mothers and fathers.DiscussionIllness duration and personality traits of parents affect the type of parental coping strategies developed to face AN in adolescents. These variables should be considered in the assessment of families of adolescents with AN and may be addressed to promote more fine-tuned clinical interventions for caregivers.
The Effects of Cannabis Use Frequency and Episodic Specificity Training on the Recall of Specific and Rewarding Events
Authors: Sofis Michael J. , Lemley Shea M. , Budney Alan J. 
Published: July 2021

Background: Growing evidence implicates subjective episodic memory, the retrieval of detailed, integrated, and personally relevant past events, as a marker of cognitive vulnerability in mental disorders. Frequent and problematic cannabis use is associated with deficits in objective episodic memory (verbal memory), but the relationship between subjective episodic memory deficits and frequency of cannabis use is unknown. Further, whether a brief intervention designed to enhance the specificity of event retrieval, such as the Episodic Specificity Induction (ESI), might effectively target such deficits among regular cannabis users is unexamined. This study was designed to examine subjective episodic memory as a potential marker of cognitive vulnerability among frequent cannabis users.Methods: Active cannabis users (n = 133) recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk or Qualtrics Panels were randomized to receive an ESI-control or ESI session and were separated into those who used cannabis 1–25 days in the past month (low to moderate frequency group) and those who used 26–30 days (high frequency group), which facilitated a low to moderate use/ESI-control group (n = 78), low to moderate use/ESI group (n =15), high-use/ESI-control group (n = 20), and high-use/ESI group (n = 20). Following the ESI or ESI-control intervention, participants selected four, positive events from the prior day, described the who, what, and where of the events, and rated how specific (vividness) and rewarding (enjoyable, importance, and exciting) each event was on a 0–100 scale. Four two-way ANCOVAs (demographics and problematic cannabis use covariates) were performed to examine the effects of frequency of cannabis use group and ESI group on the specificity and reward ratings.Results: Lower vividness and excitement ratings were reported for those with high relative to low to moderate cannabis use frequency patterns (p &lt; 0.05). Those who received ESI reported greater vividness, excitement, and importance ratings than the ESI-control group (p &lt; 0.01). No significant interactions between frequency and ESI were found.Conclusion: Findings from the current exploratory study provide initial evidence suggesting that more frequent cannabis use may be associated with the retrieval of less specific and rewarding events relative to less frequent users. Further, ESI may improve such deficits. Future studies that recruit larger and more clinically serious samples of cannabis users appear warranted.
Designed to Clash? Reflecting on the Practical, Personal, and Structural Challenges of Collaborative Research in Psychiatry
Authors: Beeker Timo , Glück Rosa Kato , Ziegenhagen Jenny , Göppert Lena , Jänchen Patrick , Krispin Helene , Schwarz Julian , von Peter Sebastian 
Published: July 2021

Background:In the field of mental health research, collaborative and participatory approaches in which mental health service users actively contribute to academic knowledge production are gaining momentum. However, concrete examples in scientific literature that would detail how collaborative research projects are actually organized, and how they deal with the inherent challenges are rare. This paper provides an in-depth description of a three-year collaborative project that took place in the wider context of a mixed-method process evaluation of innovative models of psychiatric care in Germany.Methods:The in-depth description we provide here draws on a vast body of notes and records that originated from numerous meetings and sessions. The research group continuously and systematically reflected on their collaboration itself using the interpretative method of “interactive interviewing,” which included that also the personal memories of the researchers were collectively re-discussed before and during the process of writing. Our concrete experiences as a group were then contextualized with and analyzed in the light of more general challenges that are central to collaborative research in general.Results:Performing collaborative research requires unconventional thinking and improvisation in order to find creative solutions for practical problems and to overcome the structural obstacles inherent to the process of academic knowledge production. An atmosphere of mutual trust and respect within the group is crucial, and continuous self-reflection or supervision can be largely beneficial. Challenges mainly originate from the vast heterogeneity that characterizes the researchers, usually including large differences in economic, cultural, and social capital.Conclusion:Collaborative research in the field of psychiatry is designed to bring together researchers with widely diverse backgrounds. Emerging conflicts are important parts of knowledge production but also exceptional opportunities to negotiate research ethics, and potential vehicles for personal growth and transformation. Success or failure of collaborative research largely depends on how divergences and conflicts are articulated, mediated, and reflected. This also holds true in the light of the power asymmetries within the research team and the structural power inherent to the engines of academic knowledge production.
Robot-Assisted Electrode Array Insertion Becomes Available in Pediatric Cochlear Implant Recipients: First Report and an Intra-Individual Study
Authors: Jia Huan , Pan Jinxi , Gu Wenxi , Tan Haoyue , Chen Ying , Zhang Zhihua , Jiang Mengda , Li Yun , Sterkers Olivier , Wu Hao 
Published: July 2021

Background: As an advanced surgical technique to reduce trauma to the inner ear, robot-assisted electrode array (EA) insertion has been applied in adult cochlear implantation (CI) and was approved as a safe surgical procedure that could result in better outcomes. As the mastoid and temporal bones are generally smaller in children, which would increase the difficulty for robot-assisted manipulation, the clinical application of these systems for CI in children has not been reported. Given that the pediatric candidate is the main population, we aim to investigate the safety and reliability of robot-assisted techniques in pediatric cochlear implantation.Methods: Retrospective cohort study at a referral center in Shanghai including all patients of simultaneous bilateral CI with robotic assistance on one side (RobOtol® system, Collin ORL, Bagneux, France), and manual insertion on the other (same brand of EA and CI in both side), from December 2019 to June 2020. The surgical outcomes, radiological measurements (EA positioning, EA insertion depth, mastoidectomy size), and audiological outcomes (Behavior pure-tone audiometry) were evaluated.Results: Five infants (17.8 ± 13.5 months, ranging from 10 to 42 months) and an adult (39 years old) were enrolled in this study. Both perimodiolar and lateral wall EAs were included. The robot-assisted EA insertion was successfully performed in all cases, although the surgical zone in infants was about half the size in adults, and no difference was observed in mastoidectomy size between robot-assisted and manual insertion sides (p = 0.219). The insertion depths of EA with two techniques were similar (P = 0.583). The robot-assisted technique showed no scalar deviation, but scalar deviation occurred for one manually inserted pre-curved EA (16%). Early auditory performance was similar to both techniques.Conclusion: Robot-assisted technique for EA insertion is approved to be used safely and reliably in children, which is possible and potential for better scalar positioning and might improve long-term auditory outcome. Standard mastoidectomy size was enough for robot-assisted technique. This first study marks the arrival of the era of robotic CI for all ages.
Electric Double Layer Doping of Charge-Ordered Insulators α-(BEDT-TTF)2I3 and α-(BETS)2I3
Authors: Kawasugi Yoshitaka , Masuda Hikaru , Pu Jiang , Takenobu Taishi , Yamamoto Hiroshi M. , Kato Reizo , Tajima Naoya 
Published: July 2021

Field-effect transistors based on strongly correlated insulators are an excellent platform for studying the electronic phase transition and simultaneously developing phase transition transistors. Molecular conductors are suitable for phase transition transistors owing to the high tunability of the electronic states. Molecular Mott transistors show field-induced phase transitions including superconducting transitions. However, their application to charge-ordered insulators is limited. In this study, we fabricated electric double layer transistors based on quarter-filled charge-ordered insulators α-(BEDT-TTF)2I3 and α-(BETS)2I3. We observed ambipolar field effects in both compounds where both electron and hole doping (up to the order of 1013 cm−2) reduces the resistance by the band filling shift from the commensurate value. The maximum field-effect mobilities are approximately 10 and 55 cm2/Vs, and the gate-induced conductivities are 0.96 and 3.6 e2/h in α-(BEDT-TTF)2I3 and α-(BETS)2I3, respectively. However, gate-induced metallic conduction does not emerge. The gate voltage dependence of the activation energy in α-(BEDT-TTF)2I3 and the Hall resistance in α-(BETS)2I3 imply that the electric double layer doping in the present experimental setup induces hopping transport rather than band-like two-dimensional transport.
Un monde plus que jamais enchanté ? Note de lecture sur la résurgence contemporaine des cultes aux esprits en Thaïlande et au Viêt-nam
Authors: Brac de la Perrière Bénédicte 
Published: July 2021

Un monde plus que jamais enchanté ?

Note de lecture sur la résurgence contemporaine des cultes aux esprits en Thaïlande et au Viêt-nam.
Bénédicte Brac de la Perrière.

Toute une littérature récente consacrée à l'étude du champ du religieux dans les sociétés contemporaines de l'Asie du Sud-Est continentale montre que dans cette région les cultes aux esprits connaissent un renouveau notable. Cette note de lecture, qui s'appuie principalement sur deux ouvrages de cette production — celui de Rosalind Morris, In the Place of the Origins : Modernity and Its Mediums in Northern Thailand et celui de Philip Taylor, Goddess on the Rise : Pilgrimage and Popular Religion in Vietnam — montre que les cultes nouveaux décrits, s'ils émergent des formes de religiosité anciennes liées au culte des esprits, ne sont pas des archaïsmes et constituent en fait un produit de la modernité.
Le lit d’Héra dans l’Héraion d’Argos
Authors: Kauffmann-Samaras Aliki 
Published: July 2021

Das Belt der Hera im Héraion von Argos
Im argivischen Heraion, im Pronaos des Tempels, hat Pausanias (II, 17, 3) ein „Bett der Hera“ gesehen, das die Religionsforscher in Zusammenhang mit gewissen Riten zu Ehren der Hochzeitsgöttin gebracht haben. Andere Betten, von verschiedener Größe und aus verschiedenen Materien, waren in Tempeln ausgestellt oder befanden sich ais Beigaben in Gräbern. Noch andere, wie ein Exemplar des Louvre, sind unbekannter Herkunft. Seit mykenischer Zeit sind durch literarische oder archäologische Zeugnisse Mythen und Feste der Hierogamie überall in der griechischen Welt belegt. Die Vasenmalerei dokumentiert die Vorbereitung des Hochzeitsbettes, eine Sitte die in manchen Gegenden Griechenlands heute noch fortgeführt wird.