bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brexit and trade policy: an analysis of the governance of UK trade policy and what it means for health and social justice
Authors: van Schalkwyk May C. I. , Barlow Pepita , Siles-Brügge Gabriel , Jarman Holly , Hervey Tamara , McKee Martin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere is an extensive body of research demonstrating that trade and globalisation can have wide-ranging implications for health. Robust governance is key to ensuring that health, social justice and sustainability are key considerations within trade policy, and that health risks from trade are effectively mitigated and benefits are maximised. The UK’s departure from the EU provides a rare opportunity to examine a context where trade governance arrangements are being created anew, and to explore the consequences of governance choices and structures for health and social justice. Despite its importance to public health, there has been no systematic analysis of the implications of UK trade policy governance. We therefore conducted an analysis of the governance of the UK’s trade policy from a public health and social justice perspective.ResultsSeveral arrangements required for good governance appear to have been implemented – information provision, public consultation, accountability to Parliament, and strengthening of civil service capacity. However, our detailed analyses of these pillars of governance identified significant weaknesses in each of these areas.ConclusionThe establishment of a new trade policy agenda calls for robust systems of governance. However, our analysis demonstrates that, despite decades of mounting evidence on the health and equity impacts of trade and the importance of strong systems of governance, the UK government has largely ignored this evidence and failed to galvanise the opportunity to include public health and equity considerations and strengthen democratic involvement in trade policy. This underscores the point that the evidence alone will not guarantee that health and justice are prioritised. Rather, we need strong systems of governance everywhere that can help seize the health benefits of international trade and minimise its detrimental impacts. A failure to strengthen governance risks poor policy design and implementation, with unintended and inequitable distribution of harms, and ‘on-paper’ commitments to health, social justice, and democracy unfulfilled in practice. Although the detailed findings relate to the situation in the UK, the issues raised are, we believe, of wider relevance for those with an interest of governing for health in the area of international trade.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: H3K27ac-induced lncRNA PAXIP1-AS1 promotes cell proliferation, migration, EMT and apoptosis in ovarian cancer by targeting miR-6744-5p/PCBP2 axis
Authors: Ma Yimin , Zheng Wei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe aimed to explore role of lncRNA PAX-interacting protein 1-antisense RNA1 (PAXIP1-AS1) in ovarian cancer (OC). RT-qPCR analysis identified upregulation of PAXIP1-AS1 in OC cell lines. Functionally, PAXIP1-AS1 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, accelerated cell apoptosis, and suppressed cell migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Upregulation of PAXIP1-AS1 was induced by CBP-mediated H3K27 acetylation (H3K27ac) via bioinformatic analysis and ChIP assay. Furthermore, PAXIP1-AS1 served as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to regulate PCBP2 expression by sponging microRNA-6744-5p (miR-6744-5p). Restoration experiments showed that overexpressed PCBP2 rescued effects of silenced PAXIP1-AS1 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and EMT. Overall, lncRNA PAXIP1-AS1 activated by H3K27ac functioned as a tumor promoter in OC via mediating miR-6744-5p/PCBP2 axis, which provided promising insight into exploration on OC therapy.
Evaluation of adherence monitoring system using evriMED with a differentiated response compared to standard of care among drug-sensitive TB patients in three provinces in South Africa: a protocol for a cluster randomised control trial
Authors: Maraba Noriah , Orrell Catherine , Chetty-Makkan Candice M. , Velen Kavindhran , Mukora Rachel , Page-Shipp Liesl , Naidoo Pren , Mbatha M. Thulani , Fielding Katherine L. , Charalambous Salome 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
South Africa has achieved drug-susceptible TB (DS-TB) treatment success of only 77% among people with new and previously treated TB. Alternative approaches are required to improve medication adherence and treatment completion to limit transmission, TB relapse and the development of resistance. This study aims to implement and evaluate the use of adherence medication monitors (Wisepill evriMED 1000) with a differentiated response to patient care, among DS-TB patients in three provinces of South Africa.

Methods
In total, 18 public health clinics across three provinces were selected. Clinics were randomised to intervention or standard of care clinics. In each clinic, approximately 145 DS-TB patients are being enrolled to reach a total of 2610. All patients have their daily adherence monitored using medication monitors. In the intervention arm, patients are receiving medication monitor reminders and differentiated care in response to adherence data. This weekly review of daily real-time monitoring will be undertaken from a central database. The differentiated care model includes automated SMS reminders with a missed dose, research staff-initiated phone call to the patient with a second or third missed dose, a home visit if four or more doses are missed, and motivational counselling if four or more doses are missed repeatedly. Fidelity of the intervention will be measured through process evaluation. Patients in control clinics will receive medication monitors for adherence tracking, standard of care TB education, and normal clinic follow-up procedures. The primary outcome is the proportion of patients by arm with >80% adherence, as measured by the medication monitor. The feasibility and acceptability of the intervention will be assessed by in-depth interviews with patients, stakeholders, and study staff. A cost effectiveness analysis of the intervention and standard of care clinics will be conducted.

Significance
This trial will provide evidence for the use of an intervention, including medication monitors and differentiated care package, to improve adherence to TB treatment. Improved adherence should also improve TB treatment completion rates, thus reducing loss to follow-up rates, and TB relapse among people with TB. The intervention is intended to ultimately improve overall TB control and reduce TB transmission in South Africa.

Trial registration
Pan African Trial Registry PACTR201902681157721. Registered on 11 February 2019.
Allisartan ameliorates vascular remodeling through regulation of voltage-gated potassium channels in hypertensive rats
Authors: Zhang Xiaoqin , Zhao Ziying , Xu Chunfang , Zhao Fengping , Yan Zhiqiang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of allisartan, a new angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist on vascular remodeling through voltage gated potassium channels (Kv7) in hypertensive rats.

Methods
The study included a total of 47 Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. The animals were randomized to sham operation (n = 14), untreated hypertensive control group (n = 18) and allisartan treatment group (n = 15). Using renal artery stenosis, hypertension was induced in animals. Single dose of allisartan was administered intra-gastrically to animals in the allisartan treatment group and match placebo in the other 2 groups. Wire myography was used to measure the muscle tension in isolated mesenteric arteries from the animals. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to quantify the expression of Kv7 channel mRNA subunits.

Results
After 4 weeks of treatment, a significant decrease in mean arterial, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) was observed in allisartan treatment group compared to hypertension control group. The median arterial wall thickness and area/diameter ratio reduced significantly in treatment group compared to untreated hypertension group (P < 0.05). Wire myography demonstrated increased relaxation of mesenteric artery with increase in concentration of ML213. A significant up-regulation in the expression of all Kv7 mRNA subunits was observed in allisartan group compared to untreated hypertension group.

Conclusions
From the results, allisartan was found to lower BP and preserve vascular remodeling through Kv7 channels.
Growth Hormone Treatment for Adults With Prader-Willi Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Rosenberg Anna G W , Passone Caroline G B , Pellikaan Karlijn , Damiani Durval , van der Lely Aart J , Polak Michel , Bernardo Wanderley M , de Graaff Laura C G 
Published: June 2021

AbstractContextFeatures of Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) overlap with features of growth hormone (GH) deficiency, like small hands and feet, short stature, increased body fat, and low muscle mass and strength. In children with PWS, GH treatment (GHt) improves physical health and cognition. GHt has become the standard of care in PWS children, but in adults this is not yet the case.ObjectiveThis work aims to provide an overview of the current knowledge on GHt in PWS adults.MethodsMedline, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched. Study selection included randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and nonrandomized (un)controlled trials (NRCTs) that reported data for adults with PWS, who received GHt for at least 6 months. Data on body composition, body mass index (BMI), cardiovascular end points, bone, cognitive function, quality of life, and safety were extracted.ResultsNine RCTs and 20 NRCTs were included. Body composition improved during 12 months of GHt with an increase in mean (95% CI) lean body mass of 1.95 kg (0.04 to 3.87 kg) and a reduction of mean (95% CI) fat mass of –2.23% (–4.10% to –0.36%). BMI, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, fasting glucose levels, and bone mineral density did not change during GHt. There were no major safety issues.ConclusionGHt appears to be safe and improves body composition in adults with PWS. Because poor body composition is closely linked to the observed high incidence of cardiovascular morbidity in adults with PWS, improving body composition might reduce cardiovascular complications in this vulnerable patient group.
Meritorious Heroes
Authors: Kho Youenhee 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This study explores the allegorical usage of hawk painting to praise a hero with meritorious deeds in Yuan China (1271–1368) and early Chosŏn Korea (1392–1910). Through an analysis of Yuan-dynasty poems inscribed on hawk paintings, this article demonstrates that paintings of a hawk sitting still on a tree in the woods conveyed the allegory of a hero subduing wily beings, such as rabbits and foxes. Moreover, Yuan paintings of a hawk and a bear (yingxiong 鷹熊) employed a Chinese rebus and represented the animals as heroes, comparing them to historical heroic and loyal figures. This article then turns to Chosŏn Korea, where two types of hawk paintings reflected the Korean reception of Yuan counterparts. One was the painting of a hawk sitting still, which indicated the hero's readiness for future achievements. Another, with the motif of a rabbit caught in the hawk's talons, emphasized the hero's successful achievements and gained popularity through the late Chosŏn dynasty. The Chinese and Korean allegories of heroic contributions emerged in response to complicated politics, as the Yuan government comprised multiple ethnic groups and the early Ming and early Chosŏn were newly established after the fall of previous dynasties. For the same reason, the hawk-hero allegory began to lose its relevance over time, and hawk paintings came to take on rather mundane meanings.
Coupling of dynamic microtubules to F-actin by Fmn2 regulates chemotaxis of neuronal growth cones
Authors: Kundu Tanushree , Dutta Priyanka , Nagar Dhriti , Maiti Sankar , Ghose Aurnab 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
Dynamic co-regulation of the actin and microtubule subsystems enables the highly precise and adaptive remodelling of the cytoskeleton necessary for critical cellular processes, such as axonal pathfinding. The modes and mediators of this interpolymer crosstalk, however, are inadequately understood. We identify Fmn2, a non-diaphanous-related formin associated with cognitive disabilities, as a novel regulator of cooperative actin–microtubule remodelling in growth cones of both chick and zebrafish neurons. We show that Fmn2 stabilizes microtubules in the growth cones of cultured spinal neurons and in vivo. Super-resolution imaging revealed that Fmn2 facilitates guidance of exploratory microtubules along actin bundles into the chemosensory filopodia. Using live imaging, biochemistry and single-molecule assays, we show that a C-terminal domain in Fmn2 is necessary for the dynamic association between microtubules and actin filaments. In the absence of the cross-bridging function of Fmn2, filopodial capture of microtubules is compromised, resulting in destabilized filopodial protrusions and deficits in growth cone chemotaxis. Our results uncover a critical function for Fmn2 in actin–microtubule crosstalk in neurons and demonstrate that the modulation of microtubule dynamics via associations with F-actin is central to directional motility.
Maintenance of complex I and its supercomplexes by NDUF-11 is essential for mitochondrial structure, function and health
Authors: Knapp-Wilson Amber , Pereira Gonçalo C. , Buzzard Emma , Ford Holly C. , Richardson Andrew , Corey Robin A. , Neal Chris , Verkade Paul , Halestrap Andrew P. , Gold Vicki A. M. , Kuwabara Patricia E. , Collinson Ian 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
Mitochondrial supercomplexes form around a conserved core of monomeric complex I and dimeric complex III; wherein a subunit of the former, NDUFA11, is conspicuously situated at the interface. We identified nduf-11 (B0491.5) as encoding the Caenorhabditis elegans homologue of NDUFA11. Animals homozygous for a CRISPR-Cas9-generated knockout allele of nduf-11 arrested at the second larval (L2) development stage. Reducing (but not eliminating) expression using RNAi allowed development to adulthood, enabling characterisation of the consequences: destabilisation of complex I and its supercomplexes and perturbation of respiratory function. The loss of NADH dehydrogenase activity was compensated by enhanced complex II activity, with the potential for detrimental reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Cryo-electron tomography highlighted aberrant morphology of cristae and widening of both cristae junctions and the intermembrane space. The requirement of NDUF-11 for balanced respiration, mitochondrial morphology and development presumably arises due to its involvement in complex I and supercomplex maintenance. This highlights the importance of respiratory complex integrity for health and the potential for its perturbation to cause mitochondrial disease.
This article has an associated First Person interview with Amber Knapp-Wilson, joint first author of the paper.
Threshold of Relative Muscle Power Required to Rise from a Chair and Mobility Limitations and Disability in Older Adults
Authors: ALCAZAR JULIAN , ALEGRE LUIS M. , SUETTA CHARLOTTE , JÚDICE PEDRO B. , VAN ROIE EVELIEN , GONZÁLEZ-GROSS MARCELA , RODRÍGUEZ-MAÑAS LEOCADIO , CASAJÚS JOSE A. , MAGALHãES JOãO P. , NIELSEN BARBARA R. , GARCÍA-GARCÍA FRANCISCO J. , DELECLUSE CHRISTOPHE , SARDINHA LUIS B. , ARA IGNACIO 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Being able to rise from a chair is paramount for independent living and is strongly influenced by the ability of the lower limbs to exert mechanical power. This study assessed minimal thresholds of lower-limb relative muscle power required to perform the sit-to-stand (STS) task in older adults and its association with mobility limitations and disability.

Methods
A total of 11,583 older adults (age, 60–103 yr) participated in this investigation. The 5-rep and 30-s versions of the STS test were used to assess chair rising ability. Relative power was calculated by the STS muscle power test. The minimum thresholds of power required to perform the STS tests were derived from the minimum values (i.e., “floor” effect) reported in the power tests through regression analyses. Mobility limitations and disability in activities of daily living (ADL) were recorded.

Results
For the average older man and woman, the thresholds to complete five STS repetitions were 1.1 and 1.0 W·kg−1, respectively, whereas the thresholds to complete one STS repetition were 0.3 W·kg−1 in both sexes. These thresholds increased linearly with height (5- and 1-rep, respectively: +0.13 and +0.03 W·kg−1 per 10-cm increase; both P < 0.001) and did not differ by sex or testing condition (both P ≥ 0.259). All participants with relative power below the 5-rep threshold presented mobility limitations, and 51%–56% of women and 36%–49% of men also showed disability in ADL (all χ
2 ≥ 290.4; P < 0.001).

Conclusion
A minimum level of relative muscle power is required to rise from a chair independently, which depends on the individual height and is associated with increased mobility limitations and disability. This information will help interpret data yielded by the STS muscle power test and may contribute to the prevention and treatment of mobility limitations in older people.
Comparison between skeletal muscle and adipose tissue measurements with high-dose CT and low-dose attenuation correction CT of 18F-FDG PET/CT in elderly Hodgkin lymphoma patients: a two-centre validation
Authors: Albano Domenico , Camoni Luca , Rinaldi Roberto , Tucci Alessandra , Zilioli Vittorio Ruggero , Muzi Cristina , Ravanelli Marco , Farina Davide , Coppola Alessandra , Camalori Manuela , Giubbini Raffaele , Bertagna Francesco 
Published: June 2021

Objectives:
High-dose CT (HDCT) is considered the gold-standard imaging for the measurements of skeletal muscle area (SMA), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and intramuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) areas in the abdomen. These parameters may reflect sarcopenia, which can have a prognostic impact in several oncological diseases. The aim of this study was to compare the agreement of measurements of SMA, VAT, SAT and IMAT areas between HDCT and low-dose CT (LDCT) of 18-fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET)/CT in elderly patients affected by Hodgkin lymphoma (HL).

Methods:
We retrospectively included 90 patients affected by HL who underwent baseline 18F-FDG-PET/CT and HDCT within a mean interval of 7 days. HDCT and LDCT images were analysed by two blinded observers using segmentation software (Slice-O-Matic, Tomovision) to quantify the areas. HDCT and LDCT measurements were compared using Bland–Altman plots and Passing-Bablock regression analyses. Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was used to correlate measurements from the two imaging modalities.

Results:
Comparison of HDCT and LDCT data demonstrated a strong correlation for measurement of VAT(r = 0.942, p &lt; 0.0001), SAT (r = 0.894, p &lt; 0.0001) and SMA (r = 0.934, p &lt; 0.0001). Instead considering IMAT, correlation was good but less significant (r = 0.742). The mean difference between the two methods was found to be very small, with a difference of 1% for SAT,+6.1% for VAT,+2.5% for SMA and −1.9% for IMAT.

Conclusion:
LDCT of PET/CT is a safe, accurate and precise method for the measurements of skeletal muscle area, visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue. Their measurements are reproducible and correlate closely with HDCT.

Advances in knowledge:
LLDCT of PET/CT is a safe and accurate method for the measurements of SMA, VAT and SAT; their measurements are closely correlated with HDCT. LDCT can be considered an accurate alternative tool for measuring abdominal fat and muscles in the clinical practice.
Pengaruh Crowes Fraud Pentagon dalam Mendeteksi Kecurangan Pelaporan Keuangan
Authors: Sapulette Shella Gilby , Risakotta Kathleen Asyera 
Published: June 2021

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence and to examine the elements of fraud in fraud pentagon theory against indications of fraudulent financial reporting on 42 leasing companies listed in the Indonesia stock exchange (BEI) period 2016-2018. Independent variables in this research were financial target, external pressure, ineffective monitoring, change in auditor, change of director, and frequent number of CEO’s picture, while the dependent variable was fraudulent financial reporting which measured using earnings management (DACC). This research use multiple linear regression method with 21 SPSS software. The results of this research shows that financial target, ineffective monitoring, and frequent number of CEO’s picture are significant in detecting fraudulent financial reporting. These variables represents three elements in fraud pentagon, namely pressure, opportunity and arrogance.
O arquivo de Marie-Louise Bastin
Authors: Gomes Liliana Isabel Esteves , Costa Anabela , Santos Ana Luísa 
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo dar a conhecer a documentação/informação do arquivo de Marie-Louise Bastin (MLB), atualmente custodiado pelo Departamento de Ciências da Vida da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra e pelo Museu da Ciência da mesma universidade.
Sendo o arquivo um dos componentes deste Sistema de Informação, constituído também pela biblioteca e pela coleção etnográfica, pretende-se contribuir para a sua divulgação na comunidade. Para tal, apresenta-se o respetivo guia e inventário.
Conclui-se que o arquivo é o reflexo da atividade profissional de MLB, ao longo de mais de três décadas, enquanto docente e investigadora, nos domínios da História da Arte, Antropologia, Etnografia e, em particular, da arte e cultura Cokwe.
A Masked Diagnosis: Sigmoid Endometriosis
Authors: Subbaraj Lakshmipriya , Bowman Christopher J. , Singh Aparajita 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
Serosal involvement in intestinal endometriosis is relatively common, and patients often present with nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms; however, presentation with deeper mucosal infiltration and rectal bleeding is rare. We report a case of a 40-year-old woman with a history of breast cancer in remission who presented with periodic rectal bleeding and abdominal pain. Computed tomography scan showed sigmoid lesions concerning for metastatic disease. Colonoscopy showed hypervascular sigmoid lesions which were confirmed to be endometriosis on histopathology. This case highlights endometriosis as a rare differential to be considered in young women with abnormal bowel imaging or catamenial rectal bleeding.
The Impact Of Flexitime On Motivation And Work Performance Of Health Workers In Zimbabwe: Evidence From Parirenyatwa Group Of Hospitals
Authors: Chiware Mervis 
Published: June 2021

This article studies the impact of flexitime on health workers’ motivation and work performance at Parirenyatwa Group of Hospitals. Despite the positive contribution of flexitime on motivation and work performance, adequate academic articles are yet to be published in Zimbabwe’s public sector on this subject. The thrust of this article was to close this gap in knowledge by determining the impact of flexitime on motivation and work performance at Parirenyatwa Group of Hospitals. Emailed self-administered questionnaires, telephone interviews as well as documentary research were used to find out the relationship between flexitime, motivation and work performance. Results from the research painted a close relationship between flexitime motivation and work performance. The study indicated that flexitime improves work- life balance and the physical health of the health workers at Parirenyatwa Group of Hospitals. Organisational commitment evidenced by reduced absenteeism was also achieved due to the implementation of flexitime. Flexitime requires professional administration and top management support for best results. The Ministry of Health and Child Care should adopt flexitime as a long term policy to motivate employees and line managers require adequate training to implement flexitime.