bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does Arthroplasty Really Protect the Hindfoot? A 13 year retrospective review of 516 cases for Further Hindfoot Procedures Following Ankle Arthrodesis vs Total Ankle Replacement
Authors: Trew Christopher , Ramaskandhan Jayasree R. , Chambers Simon , Siddique Malik , Qasim Sultan 
Published: December 2024

Category: Ankle Arthritis; Hindfoot Introduction/Purpose: Total Ankle Replacement (TAR) have a potential advantage of protecting further degradation of hindfoot joints by maintaining ankle joint motion. However, there is no study to our knowledge that directly compares hindfoot outcomes between TAR and Ankle Arthrodesis (AA) in the long term. Sokolowski et al. found that 68% of TAR patients had no radiological progression of subtalar arthritis after TAR, and 4% went on to fusion. Other studies have looked at 5 year outcomes finding higher hindfoot fusion rates post AA. However, no evaluation of the other hindfoot joints was made and no comparison made to other treatment. This study aimed to analyze the long-term rates of symptomatic hindfoot arthritis resulting in further procedures following TAR versus AA. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of all patients at our centre who had a TAR or AA since 2002. Case notes and imaging were reviewed and all instances of hindfoot treatment (injections or surgical procedures) noted. Patient were excluded who had no documentation, were followed up at other hospitals, had prior hindfoot fusion, or were having staged surgeries at the time of index treatment. Chi squared analysis was used to compare the cohorts. Results: Analysis revealed 428 eligible cases (275 TAR, 153 AA). TAR patients were older (mean age: 62 vs. 52 years, p=0.00001). Average follow up was 12.6 (1 – 21) years for TAR and 12.1 (1-21) years for AA. TAR showed lower rates of overall further hindfoot procedures compared to AA (14% vs. 24%, p=0.01), with significantly fewer hindfoot fusions (4% vs. 14%, p=0.0002). Revision rates were similar between groups (6% TAR vs. 4% AA, p=0.99). Conclusion: This study highlights higher rates of symptomatic hindfoot arthritis requiring intervention in AA compared to TAR. TAR appears to offer advantages in hindfoot preservation, with similar revision rates. Prospective studies integrating patient-reported outcomes are warranted to assess TAR versus AA efficacy on hindfoot function and overall well-being. Our findings advocate for TAR as the primary treatment for end-stage ankle arthritis, if appropriate, when considering symptomatic progression in management decisions.
Dorsal Calcaneal Wedge Removal in Zadek Osteotomy: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Kaplan Jonathan , Hall Sarah , Kumar Padam , DiTommaso Rita , Giles Stephanie , Gonzalez Tyler , Haupt Edward T. 
Published: December 2024

Category: Hindfoot; Ankle Introduction/Purpose: Insertional Achilles tendinopathy (IAT) is a common pathology with multiple surgical interventions available for treatment. The Zadek, dorsal closing wedge calcaneal osteotomy (ZO) has been demonstrated to be effective treatment of IAT. There have been various recommendations in the literature as to what measurement of wedge removal should be considered ideal to produce greatest postoperative range of motion (ROM), thus postoperative biomechanical potential. Accordingly, the purpose of this cadaveric study was to assess the range of motion achieved after various measurements of wedge removal by ZO. Methods: The ZO was performed on six cadaveric specimens. A 7.5mm and 15mm osteotomy was marked and sequentially completed on each specimen. Lateral fluoroscopic imaging was utilized to take preoperative and postoperative ROM measurements for each osteotomy. Dorsiflexion (DF) and plantarflexion (PF) ROM arcs were measured for each wedge size and compared by t-test. Effect sizes were calculated by Cohen’s d analysis. Results: Maximal DF was 110.87±12.97 deg in the pre-osteotomy state. Removal of a 7.5mm wedge improved DF by 8 deg to a mean 102.93±13.81 deg (p=0.08). Removal of a 15mm wedge improved DF by 16 deg to a mean 95.96±11.41 deg (p=0.003). Cohen’s d and effect size calculation demonstrated a 7.5mm wedge to have a small effect on DF, while a 15mm wedge had a medium effect (0.29, 0.52 respectively). Maximal PF did not change significantly amongst the pre-osteotomy, 7.5mm wedge, or 15mm wedge positions. ICC was 0.96. Conclusion: Based on the results presented in this study, removal of a 15mm wedge with ZO yields significant and greater improvement in ROM than a 7.5mm wedge. We hope the current study will better inform preoperative planning for ZO.
Effect of Body Mass Index on Pedobarographic and Patient Reported Outcome Measures in Symptomatic Adolescent Flexible Flat Foot Deformity
Authors: Blackwood Victoria , Jeans Kelly , Coe Kelsie , Capell Will , Riccio Anthony I. 
Published: December 2024

Category: Midfoot/Forefoot; Hindfoot Introduction/Purpose: The purpose of this study was to use pedobarography and patient reported outcome measures (PROs) to determine if obese adolescents with flexible flatfoot deformity (FFD) have more severe alterations in dynamic plantar pressures than patients with FFD who fall within normal BMI percentiles (wnBMI), and if such alterations affect pain and activity. Methods: A retrospective review of patients aged 10 to 18 years with non-syndromic symptomatic FFD enrolled in a prospective IRB approved registry, was performed. Overweight (BMI≥ 85%) patients were compared to wnBMI patients with regard to dynamic plantar pressure measures and PRO scores. Pedobarograph foot data were subdivided into regions: medial/lateral - hindfoot, midfoot and forefoot. Plantar pressure variables were normalized to account for differences in foot size, body weight and walking speed. Contact area was normalized by the total foot (CA%), maximum force by body weight (MF%) and contact time by total time of the roll over process (CT%). Two foot-specific PROs were assessed including the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) and the Oxford Ankle Foot Measure for Children (OxAFQ-C). Results: Of the 48 adolescents studied, 27(56%) were overweight and 21(44%) were wnBMI. After normalization of the data, overweight patients had significantly greater medial midfoot MF%, while CT% was increased across the medial and lateral midfoot and hindfoot regions (Table 1). Significant correlations were made between BMI percentile and MF% in the medial midfoot (r = 0.39, p = 0.006), CT% in the medial (r=0.52, p< 0.001 and CT% lateral (r=0.55, p< 0.001) midfoot. There were no significant differences between the overweight and wnBMI cohorts for CA% or any PRO pain or activity sub-scores. No significant correlations were made between pedobarograph parameters and PRO sub-scores. Conclusion: Although obese adolescents with FFD exhibit greater forces and greater time spent during the rollover process in the medial midfoot than patients with wnBMI, they do not report worse pain or disability. While it seems intuitive that increased body weight would be associated with higher levels of pain in adolescents with FFD, this does not seem to be the case. Though significant increases in plantar force and contact time were found in the obese adolescents, this did not result in greater discomfort or functional limitation. It, therefore, cannot be concluded that BMI alone is a differentiating factor in FFD symptomatology.
Establishment of Minimum Clinically Important Difference and Patient Acceptable Symptom State Thresholds in Foot and Ankle Ability Measure and Visual Analogue Scale Scores After Hallux Valgus Surgery
Authors: Teplensky Jason , Turan Oguz , Poirier Sarah , Cantrell William A. , Mueller James , Chawla Sagar , Miniaci-Coxhead Sara Lyn 
Published: December 2024

Category: Bunion Introduction/Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) and the patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) threshold for the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) Scores after Hallux Valgus surgery. Methods: A retrospective review of prospective collected data was performed in patients undergoing hallux valgus surgery at a single institution from January 2021 through December 2022. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were collected pre-operatively and 1 year post-operatively. The specific PROMs utilized were the FAAM- Activities of Daily Living (FAAM-ADL), Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE), and VAS scale. The study measured change in PROMs from before surgery to one year after surgery to determine delta. Two methods were used to calculate MCID and PASS thresholds: A distribution-based approach and an anchor-based approach using responses to a one-year postoperative satisfaction question. The analysis identified optimal cut-off points that maximized sensitivity and specificity based on the Youden index. The percentage of patients reaching these optimal MCID and PASS thresholds was also determined. Results: Overall, 86% (136/158) completed baseline PROMs, and 72.7% (99/136) completed 1-year PROMs. The distribution-based MCID for FAAM-ADL, FAAM-ADL-SANE, , and VAS were calculated to be 10.8, 14.1, and 1.2 respectively. The rate of patients who achieved MCID thresholds was 54% for FAAM-ADL, 42% for FAAM-ADL-SANE, and 95.8% for VAS. The PASS threshold for FAAM-ADL, FAAM-ADL-SANE, and VAS were ≥78.5, ≥85, and ≤ 2, respectively. The rate of patients who achieved PASS thresholds was 77.5% for FAAM-ADL, 71.4% for FAAM-ADL-SANE, and 68.7% for VAS. Conclusion: This study identified useful values for the MCID and PASS thresholds at 1-year follow-up for patient undergoing hallux valgus surgery of FAAM-ADL, FAAM-ADL-SANE, and VAS scores.
Changes in Local Tumor Immune Microenvironment with Neoadjuvant Cryotherapy and Chemoradiation for Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Shah Tilak , Koblinski Jennifer , Boothello Rio , Haneefa Shoja M. , Massey Hugh D. , Patel Bhaumik B. 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: We aimed to assess the effect of spray cryotherapy (LNSC) on immune-microenvironment of esophageal cancer (EC). Methods: Matched retrospective case-control study of locally advanced EC patients who underwent LNSC plus chemoradiation (CRYOCHEMOXRT) versus chemoradiation alone (CHEMOXRT). A microarray was generated from pre- and post-treatment tissue blocks and subjected to multiplex immunofluorescence. Results: Intra-tumor T lymphocytes (IT-TILs) and cytotoxic T-cells increased more frequently with CRYOCHEMOXRT versus CHEMOXRT. Mean survival was 1402 versus 686 days with and without 5× increase in IT-TILs. Discussion: LNSC may stimulate an anti-tumor immune response that enhances effectiveness of neoadjuvant CRT in locally advanced EC.
Uncovering the molecular networks of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and its complications: a multi-omics investigation
Authors: Dong Changqing , Huoshen Wuda , Bai Yunfeng , Liu Jiaona , Li Bing , Guan Yucan , Luo Ping 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Diabetes is a multi-factorial disorder and related complications constitute one of the principal causes of global mortality and disability. The role of ferroptosis in diabetes and its complications is intricate and significant. This study endeavors to disclose the role of ferroptosis in the aforementioned diseases from multiple perspectives through multi-omics.

Methods
We performed genetic correlation analyses via the Linkage Disequilibrium Score and High-Definition Likelihood approaches for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its complications. The data concerning the expression of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) were obtained from the meta-analysis of studies on gene expression and protein abundance. Mendelian randomization analyses and cross-validation were implemented using the discovery cohort, replication cohort, and imaging genomics cohort of T2D and its complications. Moreover, we conducted colocalization analyses on T2D and tissue-specific single-cell RNA sequencing investigations on the complications to complement the results.

Results
Genetic association analysis indicated that the selected datasets could be incorporated into a secondary analysis of T2D complications. In the primary analysis, six FRGs (CDKN1A, ENO3, FURIN, RARRES2, TYRO3, and YTHDC2) were found to be positively associated with T2D risk. Conversely, eight FRGs (ARNTL, CAMKK2, CTSB, FADS2, KDM5A, MEG3, SREBF1, and STAT3) were inversely associated with T2D risk. The 14 FRGs were included in the secondary analysis. Within the FRGs, which received full support from both the discovery and replication cohorts, and were further validated by imaging genomics, higher levels of CDKN1A were positively associated with DKD risk. Higher levels of CAMKK2 and KDM5A were associated with a decreased risk of DKD. For DCM, higher levels of CTSB were positively associated with DCM risk. And genetically predicted higher levels of ARNTL and SREBF1 were associated with a decreased risk of NAFLD. Finally, we validated the tissue-specific expression of each complication with scRNA-seq datasets.

Conclusions
This study identified FRGs in relation to T2D and its complications, which may enhance the understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of their development. Meanwhile, it offers cross-validation for imaging genomics and further indicates the direction for non-invasive diagnosis.

Graphical Abstract
Is functional training functional? a systematic review of its effects in community-dwelling older adults
Authors: Liu Chiung-ju , Chang Wen-Pin , Shin Yun Chan , Hu Yi-Ling , Morgan-Daniel Jane 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Age-related decline in physical and cognitive capacity increases older adults’ risk of disability, long-term care placement, and mortality rate. Functional training, which uses activities of daily living or simulated movements to complete activities as the intervention medium, could be more effective than rote exercise, which uses repetitive movements without added purpose, in preventing late-life disability in older people. With a growing number of studies in this area, systematically studying the effect of functional training is needed. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the effects of functional training on the outcomes of activities of daily living, physical functioning, and cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods
Literature published between January 2010 and April 2024 in 10 electronic databases were searched and screened. This timeframe was established to include studies published within the last 15 years. Each identified article was screened and reviewed by two authors independently. The methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated using the PEDro Scale. Key findings were synthesized according to participants’ characteristics and intervention types.

Results
The review included 32 studies. In the general community-dwelling older adult population (20 studies), studies that applied functional training as a single-component approach showed a positive effect on activities of daily living. However, the training effect on balance and mobility was not superior to that of other exercise programs. Moreover, the effect was mixed when functional training was combined with other intervention components. In older adults with mild cognitive impairment (5 studies), Simulated Functional Tasks Exercise, a single-component training, consistently demonstrated positive effects on the activities of daily living and cognitive functions. In older adults with dementia (4 studies) or frailty (3 studies), the effect was mixed across the single- and multi-component approaches.

Conclusion
Functional training alone is effective in preventing late-life disability in general community-dwelling older adults. When training activities challenge both motor and cognitive abilities, the effect seems to improve the performance of activities of daily living and cognitive functions in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Additional studies of functional training in older adults with cognitive impairment or frailty are recommended.
Music medicine and music therapy in neonatal care: a scoping review of passive music listening research applications and findings on infant development and medical practice
Authors: Papatzikis Efthymios , Agapaki Maria , Selvan Rosari Naveena , Hanson-Abromeit Deanna , Gold Christian , Epstein Shulamit , Lok U. Wun Vivian , Barda Evrykleia , Pandey Varun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
In recent years, the use of music as a therapeutic and developmental tool for infants, especially within neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), has seen a surge in interest. Despite a growing body of research underscoring the potential benefits of music therapy and music medicine in enhancing infant development and aiding medical practices, the specific characteristics of music that maximize these benefits remain poorly understood.

Objectives
This scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive foundation by mapping the existing literature on passive music listening and identifying gaps, trends, and patterns that are crucial precursors to the development of best practices.

Methods
Following the PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted, covering studies published up until December 2022. The focus was on passive music listening, with a deliberate exclusion of active music interventions. Out of the initial pool of studies, 56 met the inclusion criteria, determined by the PICO framework, focusing on passive music exposure among full-term and preterm infants. Starting with a descriptive analysis approach, the study employed Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) to identify key themes, including the physiological impacts of music, its role in pain management, effects on sleep and stress, and influences on feeding and weight gain.

Results
The review revealed a predominance of quantitative research methods, a significant concentration of studies from the United States, suggesting potential geographical bias, and a notable clinical setting bias. These findings indicate a critical need for methodological diversity and a more culturally inclusive and interdisciplinary approach to research. They also point to the necessity for standardized music intervention protocols to optimize therapeutic and developmental outcomes for this vulnerable population. Future research should aim to bridge the methodological gaps identified, integrating both qualitative and quantitative approaches to provide a comprehensive understanding of music’s impact on infant development and medical practices in a global, culturally nuanced context.
Changes in insomnia symptoms among compulsory education students in China after the “Double Reduction” policy: a two-wave longitudinal study
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Ye Haoxian , Huang Meijiao , Li Min , Li Huolian , Zhang Xiangting , Lin Junxu , Liu Hao , Wu Hao , Wang Dongfang , Fan Fang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Objective
In July 2021, the “Double Reduction” policy was introduced in China, aiming to alleviate the burden of excessive homework and off-campus tutoring for students in the compulsory education stage. The purpose of this study is to explore the changes in students’ insomnia symptoms and related factors after the policy implementation. Meanwhile, sex differences were further examined.

Methods
The baseline survey (T1) began in April 2021 (pre-policy), with a follow-up (T2) conducted in December 2021 (post-policy). A total of 28,398 students completed both T1 and T2 surveys and were included in this study. Insomnia symptoms were measured at both T1 and T2 using three questions from the Youth Self-Report Insomnia Scale. Demographics and anxiety and depressive symptoms were collected at T1, and policy-related indicators were assessed at T2.

Results
The prevalence of insomnia symptoms showed a slight decrease after the “Double Reduction” policy (9.9% vs. 9.2%). After controlling for demographics and anxiety and depressive symptoms, reduced homework (OR: 0.75 [0.65–0.86]), more family time (OR: 0.50 [0.44–0.57]), and reduced academic pressure (OR: 0.77 [0.71–0.83]) post-policy were related to a lower risk of new-onset insomnia symptoms. Additionally, more family time (OR: 0.59 [0.49–0.72]) and reduced academic pressure (OR:0.70 [0.56–0.86]) were factors against persistent insomnia symptoms. There were no significant sex differences in the associations between policy-related indicators and insomnia symptoms.

Conclusions
The “Double Reduction” policy has somewhat improved the students’ insomnia symptoms. Extending family time, and alleviating homework and academic burden are considered measures for maintaining sleep health in students.
Experiences of policy-advisors in capacity, opportunity and motivation for implementing local tobacco control
Authors: Jooren Sophie J.A. , Geuke Gemma , Willemsen Marc C. , Jansen Maria W. J. , Bommelé Jeroen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Due to decades of decentralisation of public health policies, local governments have been given increased tobacco control responsibilities across European countries. Previous studies suggest that implementing local tobacco control policies is not without challenges (e.g., lack of resources and enforcement capabilities). This study investigates the policy implementation of both smoke-free environments and smoking cessation support services by local public health professionals in the Netherlands.

Method
We interviewed 24 officials of regional public health departments about the barriers and facilitators of implementing local tobacco control policies. Interviews were transcribed, analysed and classified using the Behaviour Change Wheel model (COM-B) comprising of the three components capability, opportunity, and motivation.

Results
Personal motivation was an important condition for public health professionals to work on specific subtopics within tobacco control. Smoke-free environments were generally considered most motivating to work on, but also involve practical obstacles such as a lack of enforcement capabilities. Smoking cessation support services were reported to be less attractive to work on, as there are no clear guidelines on what public health professionals could and should do regarding smoking cessation support.

Conclusion
Municipalities and local public health departments may contribute to tobacco control by creating smoke-free areas and offering services to help people stop smoking. The national government of the Netherlands could support local governments by providing clearer guidelines on creating smoke-free spaces and on how to improve local smoking cessation support services.