bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D cell aggregate printing technology and its applications
Authors: Jeon Seunggyu , Lee Se-Hwan , Ahmed Saeed B. , Han Jonghyeuk , Heo Su-Jin , Kang Hyun-Wook 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Various cell aggregate culture technologies have been developed and actively applied to tissue engineering and organ-on-a-chip. However, the conventional culture technologies are labor-intensive, and their outcomes are highly user dependent. In addition, the technologies cannot be used to produce three-dimensional (3D) complex tissues. In this regard, 3D cell aggregate printing technology has attracted increased attention from many researchers owing to its 3D processability. The technology allows the fabrication of 3D freeform constructs using multiple types of cell aggregates in an automated manner. Technological advancement has resulted in the development of a printing technology with a high resolution of approximately 20 μm in 3D space. A high-speed printing technology that can print a cell aggregate in milliseconds has also been introduced. The developed aggregate printing technologies are being actively applied to produce various types of engineered tissues. Although various types of high-performance printing technologies have been developed, there are still some technical obstacles in the fabrication of engineered tissues that mimic the structure and function of native tissues. This review highlights the central importance and current technical level of 3D cell aggregate printing technology, and their applications to tissue/disease models, artificial tissues, and drug-screening platforms. The paper also discusses the remaining hurdles and future directions of the printing processes.
Global optimization control for nonlinear full‐car active suspension system with multi‐performances
Authors: Chen Chung‐Cheng , Chen Yen‐Ting 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this article, based on feedback linearized approach and linear quadratic regulator optimization control approach using particle swarm optimization, the almost disturbance decoupling, input amplitude reduction, tuning parameter optimization, controllable convergence rate, improved suspension and globally exponential stability multi‐performances of highly nonlinear multi‐input multi‐output full‐car uncertain system are simultaneously achieved without applying any nonlinear function approximator including neural network approach and fuzzy logic approach. The article proposes a new method to achieve the optimal control matrices of LQR such that the composite controller can reduce the amplitudes of system control inputs. Determination of the LQR tuning parameters is conventionally determined via trial and error approach. In addition to being very troublesome, it is difficult to find the globally best tuning matrices with LQR method. This study has first proposed the convergence rate formula of the nonlinear system response as the fitness function of LQR approach by using PSO optimization algorithm to take the place of the conventional trial and error method and locally Jacobian linearized approach under the guarantee of globally exponential stability. The simulation results show how the full‐car system can be controlled optimally and satisfactorily and confirm the superiority of the proposed method.
Deep multi‐agent Reinforcement Learning for cost‐efficient distributed load frequency control
Authors: Rozada Sergio , Apostolopoulou Dimitra , Alonso Eduardo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe rise of microgrid‐based architectures is modifying significantly the energy control landscape in distribution systems, making distributed control mechanisms necessary to ensure reliable power system operations. In this article, the use of Reinforcement Learning techniques is proposed to implement load frequency control (LFC) without requiring a central authority. To this end, a detailed model of power system dynamic behaviour is formulated by representing individual generator dynamics, generator rate and network constraints, renewable‐based generation, and realistic load realisations. The LFC problem is recast as a Markov Decision Process, and the Multi‐Agent Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient algorithm is used to approximate the optimal solution of all LFC layers, that is, primary, secondary and tertiary. The proposed LFC framework operates through centralised learning and distributed implementation. In particular, there is no information interchange between generating units during operation. Thus, no communication infrastructure is necessary and information privacy between them is respected. The proposed framework is validated through numerical results and it is shown that it can be used to implement LFC in a distributed and cost‐efficient manner.
Generative domain adaptation for chest X‐ray image analysis
Authors: Yin Baocai , Liu Wenchao , Fu Zhonghua , Zhang Jing , Liu Cong , Wang Zengfu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractChest X‐ray images taken under different conditions follow different distributions, preventing the models trained on a domain from generalising well on the other domain. In this paper, a generative domain adaptation (GDA) method is proposed to address this issue and facilitate the learning process for downstream analysis. GDA adapts different domains to a virtual common one where images are aligned at the appearance level. To this end, a domain shared generator is used to transform the input images and two competitive discriminators are used to adversarially supervise the transforming process. The domain discriminator drives the generator to narrow the domain gap while the fidelity discriminator forces the generator to keep the inherent information. Moreover, a specific classification or detection network is attached to the generator to supervise it in a task‐oriented manner. Experiment results on a large‐scale dataset containing 46k chest X‐ray images demonstrate that GDA outperforms representative domain adaptation methods by a large margin for both disease classification and lesion detection as well as provides useful transformed images to assist experts for diagnosis.
Infrared spectra of complex organic molecules in astronomically relevant ice mixtures
Authors: Rachid M. G. , Brunken N. , de Boe D. , Fedoseev G. , Boogert A. C. A. , Linnartz H. 
Published: July 2021

Context. In the near future, high spatial and spectral infrared (IR) data of star-forming regions obtained by the James Webb Space Telescope may reveal new solid-state features of various species, including more intriguing classes of chemical compounds. The identification of complex organic molecules (COMs) in the upcoming data will only be possible when laboratory IR ice spectra of these species under astronomically relevant conditions are available for comparison. For this purpose, systematic series of laboratory measurements are performed, providing high-resolution IR spectra of COMs. Here, spectra of pure methylamine (CH3NH2) and methylamine-containing ices are discussed.
Aims. The work is aimed at characterizing the mid-IR (500–4000 cm−1, 20–2.5 μm) spectra of methylamine in pure and mixed ices to provide accurate spectroscopic data of vibrational bands that are most suited to trace this species in interstellar ices.
Methods. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is used to record spectra of CH3NH2 in the pure form and mixed with H2O, CH4, and NH3, for temperatures ranging from 15 to 160 K. The IR spectra in combination with HeNe laser (632.8 nm) interference data of pure CH3NH2 ice was used to derive the IR band strengths of methylamine in pure and mixed ices.
Results. The refractive index of amorphous methylamine ice at 15 K was determined as being 1.30 ± 0.01. Accurate spectroscopic information and band strength values are systematically presented for a large set of methylamine-containing ices and different temperatures. Selected bands are characterized and their use as methylamine tracers is discussed. The selected bands include the following: the CH3 antisymmetric stretch band at 2881.3 cm−1 (3.471 μm), the CH3 symmetric stretch band at 2791.9 cm−1 (3.582 μm), the CH3 antisymmetric deformation bands, at 1455.0 and 1478.6 cm−1 (6.873 and 6.761 μm), the CH3 symmetric deformation band at 1420.3 cm−1 (7.042 μm), and the CH3 rock at 1159.2 cm−1 (8.621 μm). Using the laboratory data recorded in this work and ground-based spectra of ices toward YSOs (Young Stellar Objects), upper-limits for the methylamine ice abundances are derived. In some of these YSOs, the methylamine abundance is less than 4% relative to H2O.
Interaction of economically useful traits in cows of different breeds
Authors: Rebezov M.B. , Gorelik А.S. , Pavlova Y.S. , Khorobrykh E.V. , Sharavyev P.V. 
Published: July 2021

A related Holstein breed has recently been used to improve domestic dairy cattle and create highly productive herds by purchasing semen from breeding bulls, as well as a large number of heifers and calves of foreign breeding.	The purpose of the work is a comparative assessment of the productive qualities of Black Pied and Holstein cows of foreign breeding. Purebred Holstein cows differ from animals of Black Pied breed in milk yield per lactation. Cows of both breeds have fairly high suitability for machine milking. The priority remains with the animals of the Holstein breed of foreign selection. In terms of milking intensity and udder volume, they reliably surpass Black Pied cows at P≤0.05 - P≤0.01, respectively, in terms of indicators. Holstein cows were also the best in the udder index. Correlation coefficients between the productive qualities, as well as between the quantitative indicator of productivity and the qualitative indicators of the suitability of cows for machine milking, were the same or did not differ significantly. A positive correlation was established between milk yield and the duration of the service period from 0.1 to 0.05, depending on the breed.
Psychologische Herausforderungen bei Erwachsenen mit Typ-1-Diabetes
Authors: Clever Susan Norah , Baulig Susanne , Benecke Andrea 
Published: July 2021

ZusammenfassungMenschen mit Typ-1-Diabetes müssen immer wieder verschiedene Anpassungsleistungen erbringen, um ihre Erkrankung und deren Therapie in den Alltag integrieren zu können. Gelingt dies nicht, können daraus Probleme beim Selbstmanagement der Krankheit resultieren. Doch trotz strukturierter Schulungsprogramme und leitliniengerechter, individuell zugeschnittener Therapieempfehlungen leben einige Menschen mit Typ-1-Diabetes mit chronisch erhöhten Blutzuckerwerten. Dabei scheint der Diabetes-Distress als Reaktion auf die erlebten Herausforderungen eine wichtige Rolle zu spielen und im Zusammenhang mit Problemen bei der glykämischen Kontrolle wie auch einer Therapievermeidung zu stehen. Um eine Chronifizierung des Diabetes-Distress zu verhindern, empfiehlt es sich daher, ein Screening auf diabetesbezogene Belastungen in der Versorgung von Menschen mit Typ-1-Diabetes zu etablieren. Dies kann mittels Fragebogen oder der Thematisierung im persönlichen Gespräch geschehen. Diabetesspezifische psychologische Interventionen können sowohl die diabetesbezogene emotionale Belastung als auch die glykämische Kontrolle verbessern, sind jedoch in Deutschland noch nicht in der Regelversorgung verfügbar.
Comparison of Endoscopic Endonasal Approach and Lateral Microsurgical Infratemporal Fossa Approach to the Jugular Foramen: An Anatomical Study
Authors: Liu Jianfeng , Pinheiro-Neto Carlos D. , Yang Dazhang , Wang Eric , Gardner Paul A. , Hirsch Barry E. , Snyderman Carl H. , Fernandez-Miranda Juan C. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective The jugular foramen is one of the most challenging surgical regions in skull base surgery. With the development of endoscopic techniques, the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) has been undertaken to treat some lesions in this area independently or combined with open approaches. The purpose of the current study is to describe the anatomical steps and landmarks for the EEA to the jugular foramen and to compare it with the degree of exposure obtained with the lateral infratemporal fossa approach.
Materials and Methods A total of 15 osseous structures related to the jugular foramen were measured in 33 adult dry skulls. Three silicone-injected adult cadaveric heads (six sides) were dissected for EEA and three heads (six sides) were used for a lateral infratemporal fossa approach (Fisch type A). The jugular foramen was exposed, relevant landmarks were demonstrated, and the distances between relevant landmarks and the jugular foramen were obtained. High-quality pictures were obtained.
Results The jugular foramen was accessed in all dissections by using either approach. Important anatomical landmarks for EEA include internal carotid artery (ICA), petroclival fissure, inferior petrosal sinus, jugular tubercle, and hypoglossal canal. The EEA exposed the anterior and medial parts of the jugular foramen, while the lateral infratemporal fossa approach (Fisch type A) exposed the lateral and posterior parts of the jugular foramen. With EEA, dissection and transposition of the facial nerve was avoided, but the upper parapharyngeal and paraclival ICA may need to be mobilized to adequately expose the jugular foramen.
Conclusion The EEA to the jugular foramen is anatomically feasible but requires mobilization of the ICA to provide access to the anterior and medial aspects of the jugular foramen. The lateral infratemporal approach requires facial nerve transposition to provide access to the lateral and posterior parts of the jugular foramen. A deep understanding of the complex anatomy of this region is paramount for safe and effective surgery of the jugular foramen. Both techniques may be complementary considering the different regions of the jugular foramen accessed with each approach.
MAGICPL: A Generic Process Description Language for Distributed Pseudonymization Scenarios
Authors: Tremper Galina , Brenner Torben , Stampe Florian , Borg Andreas , Bialke Martin , Croft David , Schmidt Esther , Lablans Martin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objectives Pseudonymization is an important aspect of projects dealing with sensitive patient data. Most projects build their own specialized, hard-coded, solutions. However, these overlap in many aspects of their functionality. As any re-implementation binds resources, we would like to propose a solution that facilitates and encourages the reuse of existing components.
Methods We analyzed already-established data protection concepts to gain an insight into their common features and the ways in which their components were linked together. We found that we could represent these pseudonymization processes with a simple descriptive language, which we have called MAGICPL, plus a relatively small set of components. We designed MAGICPL as an XML-based language, to make it human-readable and accessible to nonprogrammers. Additionally, a prototype implementation of the components was written in Java. MAGICPL makes it possible to reference the components using their class names, making it easy to extend or exchange the component set. Furthermore, there is a simple HTTP application programming interface (API) that runs the tasks and allows other systems to communicate with the pseudonymization process.
Results MAGICPL has been used in at least three projects, including the re-implementation of the pseudonymization process of the German Cancer Consortium, clinical data flows in a large-scale translational research network (National Network Genomic Medicine), and for our own institute's pseudonymization service.
Conclusions Putting our solution into productive use at both our own institute and at our partner sites facilitated a reduction in the time and effort required to build pseudonymization pipelines in medical research.
“The people watching at home”
Authors: Underwood Tom W. , Angouri Jo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This paper explores disagreement practice in political discourse, specifically in the under explored public inquiry communicative event and more specifically in the select-committee hearing. We revisit earlier work on theorising disagreement to expand our understanding of its contextual nature, particularly in relation to the making of ideology.
Public inquiries combine the characteristics of professional meetings with characteristics of political discourse. They are typified by hybridised and ambiguous role expectations which participants negotiate in and through (potentially competing) practices in doing the ideological work demanded by the policy process. In this context, disagreement emerges as key to the performance of the interactants’ situated and explicit/semi-permanent roles as professional politicians.
By applying Critical Interactional Sociolinguistic analysis within a wider frame of audience design, we demonstrate the importance of the ideological role of disagreement to the policy process. We argue that further attention needs to be given to the policy talk in meso-level political events, such as the public inquiry, which connect the ideological (macro) political domains of human activity with the (micro) here and now of talk. We close the paper with directions for further research.
Radio program hosts’ self-identity mobilization in Chinese radio-mediated medical consultations
Authors: Yuan Zhou-min , Shen Xingchen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
While previous studies highlight the dynamic nature of identity co-construction, how and especially why speakers
construct and shift their own multiple identities still remains understudied. The present study argues that identity is part of
speaker communicative resources as evidenced by radio program hosts’ strategic employment and shift among their different
identities to facilitate their interactional purposes. Based on data drawn from radio medical consultations, this article attempts
to reveal the dynamic adaptability of hosts’ identity construction. It is found that (1) in general, hosts of medical consultation
programs construct three identities for themselves, namely an authoritative expert identity, a caring friend identity and a sales
representative identity; (2) the three identities constructed are respectively adaptable to power relationships, solidarity and
role relationships between hosts and callers in conversation; (3) the three identities shift in conversations to facilitate
callers’ purchasing acts.
“Good translating is very hard work”
Authors: Hawkins Spencer 
Published: July 2021

AbstractUpon immigrating to New Zealand in 1937, Austrian-born philosopher of science Karl Raimund Popper lived and worked in the English-speaking world, where he published his major works in English. Life events forced him to engage in various forms of self-translation around the same time that he began earnestly working on translating Presocratic philosophical fragments into English. While he rejected language wholesale as an object of philosophical reflection, translation became an exception, a privileged occasion for philosophical reflection on language. This article reads Popper’s thoughts on translation in the context of previously unpublished correspondence between Popper and potential translators ofConjectures and Refutations(1963, third edition 1968) from English to German. The article thereby mediates the tension between Popper’s outspokenly perfectionistic demands on potential translators and his general thesis that scientific or philosophical language need only be as precise as the problem at hand requires.
Tissue biomolecular and microstructure profiles in optical colorectal cancer delineation
Authors: Nogueira Marcelo Saito , Raju Michael , Gunther Jacqueline , Maryam Siddra , Amissah Michael , Lu Huihui , Killeen Shane , O’Riordain Micheal , Andersson-Engels Stefan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 3rd most common and the 2nd most deadly type of cancer worldwide. Understanding the biochemical and microstructural aspects of carcinogenesis is a critical step towards developing new technologies for accurate CRC detection. To date, optical detection through analyzing tissue chromophore concentrations and scattering parameters has been mostly limited to chromophores in the visible region and analytical light diffusion models. In this study, tissue parameters were extracted by fitting diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS) within the range 350–1900 nm based on reflectance values from a look-up table built using Monte Carlo simulations of light propagation in tissues. This analysis was combined with machine learning models to estimate parameter thresholds leading to best differentiation between mucosa and tumor tissues based on almost 3000 DRS recorded from fresh ex vivo tissue samples from 47 subjects. DRS spectra were measured with a probe for superficial tissue and another for slightly deeper tissue layers. By using the classification and regression tree algorithm, the most important parameters for CRC detection were the total lipid content (f
lipid), the reduced scattering amplitude (α′), and the Mie scattering power (b
Mie). Successful classification with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve higher than 90% was achieved. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the potential tissue biomolecule concentrations and scattering properties in superficial and deeper tissue layers for CRC detection in the luminal wall. This may have important clinical applications for the rapid diagnosis of colorectal neoplasia.
Theoretical framework for two-microswimmer hydrodynamic interactions
Authors: Ziegler Sebastian , Scheel Thomas , Hubert Maxime , Harting Jens , Smith Ana-Sunčana 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Hydrodynamic interactions are crucial for determining the cooperative behavior of microswimmers at low Reynolds numbers. Here we provide a comprehensive analysis of the scaling laws and the strength of the interactions in the case of a pair of three-sphere swimmers. Both stroke-based and force-based elastic microswimmers are analyzed using an analytic perturbative approach, focusing on passive and active interactions. The former are governed by the cycle-averaged flow field of a single swimmer, which is dipolar at long range. However, at intermediate distances, with a cross-over at the order of 102 swimmer lengths, the quadrupolar field dominates which, notably, yields an increase of the swimming velocity compared to individual swimmers, even when the swimmers are one behind another. Furthermore, we find that active rotations resulting from the interplay of the time-resolved swimming stroke and the ambient flow fields and, even more prominently, active translations are model-dependent. A mapping between the stroke-based and force-based swimmers is only possible for the low driving frequency regime where the characteristic time scale is smaller than the viscous one. Finally, we find that the long-term behavior of the swimmers, while sensitive to the initial relative positioning, does not depend on the pusher or puller nature of the swimmer. These results clearly indicate that the behavior of swarms will depend on the swimmer model, which was hitherto not well appreciated.