bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Feeling of Unease: Distance, Emotion, and Securitizing Indigenous Protest in Canada
Authors: Van Rythoven Eric 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWhy do public officials sometimes avoid using security claims to frame an issue, even when there are strong incentives and historical precedent for doing so? Efforts to portray indigenous protest as a security issue are a recurring feature of Canada's settler colonial history. Recently, however, a series of public officials have emphatically rejected these kinds of claims. To explain this puzzle, I argue that a growing feeling of unease over the history of settler colonialism has transformed once acceptable security claims into sources of controversy and racism. Generated through diverse social repertoires linked to indigenous-led forms of reconciliation, this unease has resulted in officials facing pressure to distance themselves—through denials, apologies, and euphemisms—from claims that have become increasingly controversial. The result is not a direct end to the securitization of indigenous protest—some figures may actively court controversy, while others can still make these claims in private conversation or internal documents. Instead, the effect of this unease is to render these claims less publicly defensible and thus make security practices targeting indigenous communities appear increasingly illegitimate.
Bouveret syndrome—a rare form of gastric outlet obstruction
Authors: Jin LongHai , Naidu Krishanth 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Bouveret syndrome is a rare form of gastric outlet obstruction. It is typically diagnosed in frail elderly patients with protracted biliary disease. Thus, it has disproportionally high rates of morbidity and mortality. A 90-year-old man presented to our tertiary hospital with acute abdominal pain and symptoms of bowel obstruction. He was diagnosed with Bouveret syndrome on abdominal computed tomography and required judicious resuscitation and an emergency laparotomy. This article highlights the key features of Bouveret syndrome, and reviews the current diagnostic modalities as well as the contemporary treatment paradigm.
Observations of the γ-ray-emitting narrow-line Seyfert 1, SBS 0846+513, and its host galaxy
Authors: Hamilton Timothy S , Berton Marco , Antón Sonia , Busoni Lorenzo , Caccianiga Alessandro , Ciroi Stefano , Gässler Wolfgang , Georgiev Iskren Y , Järvelä Emilia , Komossa S , Mathur Smita , Rabien Sebastian 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The γ-ray-emitting galaxy SBS 0846+513 has been classified as a narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) from its spectroscopy, and on that basis would be thought likely to have a small central black hole hosted in a spiral galaxy. However, very few of the γ-ray NLS1s have high-resolution imaging of their hosts, so it is unknown how the morphology expectation holds up for the γ-emitting class. We have observed this galaxy in the J band with the Large Binocular Telescope’s LUCI1 camera and the ARGOS adaptive optics system. We estimate its black hole mass to lie between $4.2\times 10^7 \le \frac{\rm{\it{ M}}}{\text{M}_\odot } \le 9.7\times 10^7$, using the correlation with bulge luminosity, or $1.9\times 10^7 \le \frac{\rm{\it{ M}}}{\text{M}_\odot } \le 2.4\times 10^7$ using the correlation with Sérsic index. Our favoured estimate is 4.2 × 107 M⊙, putting its mass at the high end of the NLS1 range in general but consistent with others that are γ-ray emitters. These estimates are independent of the broad-line region viewing geometry and avoid any underestimates due to looking down the jet axis. Its host shows evidence of a bulge + disc structure, from the isophote shape and residual structure in the nuclear-subtracted image. This supports the idea that γ-ray NLS1 may be spiral galaxies, like their non-jetted counterparts.
APOGEE view of the globular cluster NGC 6544
Authors: Gran F , Zoccali M , Rojas-Arriagada A , Saviane I , Contreras Ramos R , Beaton R , Bizyaev D , Cohen R E , Fernández-Trincado J G , García-Hernández D A , Geisler D , Lane R R , Minniti D , Moni Bidin C , Nitschelm C , Olivares Carvajal J , Pan K , Rojas F I , Villanova S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The second phase of the APOGEE survey is providing near-infrared (near-IR), high-resolution, high signal-to-noise spectra of stars in the halo, disc, bar, and bulge of the Milky Way. The near-IR spectral window is especially important in the study of the Galactic bulge, where stars are obscured by the dust and gas of the disc in its line of sight. We present a chemical characterization of the globular cluster NGC 6544 with high-resolution spectroscopy. The characterization of the cluster chemical fingerprint, given its status of ‘interloper’ towards the Galactic bulge and clear signatures of tidal disruption in its core is crucial for future chemical tagging efforts. Cluster members were selected from the DR16 of the APOGEE survey, using chemodynamical criteria of individual stars. A sample of 23 members of the cluster was selected. An analysis considering the intracluster abundance variations, known as anticorrelations is given. According to the red giant branch (RGB) content of the cluster, the iron content and α-enhancement are [Fe/H] = −1.44 ± 0.04 dex and [α/Fe] = 0.20 ± 0.04 dex, respectively. Cluster members show a significant spread in [Fe/H] and [Al/Fe] that is larger than expected based on measurement errors. An [Al/Fe] spread, signal of an Mg–Al anticorrelation is observed and used to constrain the cluster mass budget, along with C, N, Mg, Si, K, Ca, and Ce element variations discussed. Across all the analysed evolutionary stages (RGB and asymptotic giant branch), about ∼2/3 (14 out of 23) show distinct chemical patterns, possibly associated with second-generation stars.
The symbiotic recurrent nova V3890 Sgr: binary parameters and pre-outburst activity
Authors: Mikołajewska J , Iłkiewicz K , Gałan C , Monard B , Otulakowska-Hypka M , Shara M M , Udalski A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We present and analyse optical photometry and high-resolution Southern African Large Telescope spectra of the symbiotic recurrent nova V3890 Sgr at quiescence. The orbital period, P = 747.6 d, has been derived from both photometric and spectroscopic data. Our double-line spectroscopic orbits indicate that the mass ratio is q = Mg/MWD = 0.78 ± 0.05, and that the component masses are MWD ≈ 1.35 ± 0.13 M⊙ and Mg ≈ 1.05 ± 0.11 M⊙. The orbit inclination is ≈67−69○. The red giant is filling (or nearly filling) its Roche lobe, and the distance set by its Roche lobe radius, d ≈ 9 kpc, is consistent with that resulting from the giant pulsation period. The outburst magnitude of V3890 Sgr is then very similar to those of RNe in the Large Magellanic Cloud. V3890 Sgr shows remarkable photometric and spectroscopic activity between the nova eruptions with time-scales similar to those observed in the symbiotic recurrent novae T CrB and RS Oph and Z And-type symbiotic systems. The active source has a double-temperature structure that we have associated with the presence of an accretion disc. The activity would be then caused by changes in the accretion rate. We also provide evidence that V3890 Sgr contains a CO WD accreting at a high, ∼a few× 10−8 to 10−7 M⊙ yr−1, rate. The WD is growing in mass, and should give rise to a Type Ia supernova within ≲106 yr – the expected lifetime of the red giant.
Solar large-scale magnetic field and cycle patterns in solar dynamo
Authors: Obridko V N , Pipin V V , Sokoloff D , Shibalova A S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTWe compare spectra of the zonal harmonics of the large-scale magnetic field of the Sun using observation results and solar dynamo models. The main solar activity cycle as recorded in these tracers is a much more complicated phenomenon than the eigen solution of solar dynamo equations with the growth saturated by a back reaction of the dynamo-driven magnetic field on solar hydrodynamics. The nominal 11(22)-yr cycle as recorded in each mode has a specific phase shift varying from cycle to cycle; the actual length of the cycle varies from one cycle to another and from tracer to tracer. Both the observation and the dynamo model show an exceptional role of the axisymmetric ℓ5 mode. Its origin seems to be readily connected with the formation and evolution of sunspots on the solar surface. The results of observations and dynamo models show a good agreement for the low ℓ1 and ℓ3 modes. The results for these modes do not differ significantly for the axisymmetric and non-axisymmetric models. Our findings support the idea that the sources of the solar dynamo arise as a result of both the distributed dynamo processes in the bulk of the convection zone and the surface magnetic activity.
Rethinking the Cultural Politics of Punk
Authors: McKay George 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This chapter is a reconsideration of the contribution punk rock made to antinuclear and antiwar expression and campaigning in the 1980s in Britain. Much has been written about the avant-garde, underground, independent, DIY, and grass-roots (counter)cultural politics of punk and post-punk, but the argument here is that such scholarship has often been at the expense of considering the music’s hit and even chart-topping singles. The chapter has three aims: first, to trace the relations between punk and cultures of war and peace; second, to reframe punk’s protest within a mainstream pop music context via analysis of its antiwar hit singles in two key years, 1980 and 1984; third, more broadly, to further our understanding of (musical) cultures of peace. Punk was a pop phenomenon, but so was political punk: the vast majority of the many pop hit songs and headline acts with antiwar and antinuclear messages in the military dread years of the early 1980s were a lot, or a bit, punky. This chapter argues that a wider and at the time significantly higher-profile social resonance of punk has been overlooked in the subsequent critical narratives. In doing so it seeks to revise punk history, and retheorize punk’s social contribution as a remarkable music of truly popular protest.
Human Resource Management in the Middle East
Authors: Haak-Saheem Washika , Darwish Tamer K. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This chapter focuses on human resource management (HRM) in the Middle East and provides a review of the myriad lists of terms and geographies that have been used to describe the region. Although the Middle East context enjoys great geographical and economic significance, coupled with a unique institutional setup, there is limited literature on HRM relevant to this region. Hence, we seek to explore the importance of the Middle East’s unique institutional and cultural context for HRM and its implications for theory and practice. To do so, we first examine the relative impact of context on HRM in general before looking at several specific examples of some of the Middle Eastern countries. This chapter concludes with a number of important areas for future research.
New Narratives from Old Texts
Authors: Potter Michelle 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This chapter briefly examines two early Australian works, Terra Australis (1946), by Edouard Borovansky, and The Display (1964), by Robert Helpmann. In these works, both choreographers used a strong narrative structure to focus on issues that were significant in Australian society and culture at the time the ballets were made. The chapter then highlights in greater depth two works, Nutcracker: The Story of Clara (1992) and Swan Lake (2002), created by choreographer Graeme Murphy in collaboration with his creative associate Janet Vernon and designer Kristian Fredrikson. It examines the way in which Murphy and his collaborative team recontextualized old and well-known texts to speak powerfully to a contemporary audience, to bring exceptional drama and realism to contemporary dance, and to give audiences completely new and challenging ways of reading well-known works from the international ballet repertoire.
What is a Rehearsal in Ballet?
Authors: Ross Janice 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This chapter explores rehearsals, asking what they represent practically and philosophically and when does practice in rehearsals yield to the finished product of a dance ready for public viewing. It considers the hours of labor, failure, and interruption that constitute life in the rehearsal studio as the dancer is shaped by the choreographer and rehearsal director. Rehearsals are considered in contrast to the rules of inviolability protecting a finished performance. Using Ballet 422 by Justin Peck as a case study and examples from reality TV and films to paintings, rehearsal rooms are explored as places of hidden preparation, visual pleasure, and the imaginary as well as fascination for audiences. Ballet dancers are taught to survey themselves through mirrors, the eyes of rehearsal directors, video cameras, and iPhones as ever-expanding systems of surveillance. Although ballet dancers spend the majority of their professional lives in rehearsals, the nature of what goes on in the rehearsal studio has too rarely been the focus of dance studies scholarship.
Christopher Wheeldon
Authors: Straus Rachel 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In 2000, English-born Christopher Wheeldon became the first artist-in-residence at New York City Ballet (NYCB). The press compared his choreography to George Balanchine’s. This chapter discusses Wheeldon’s critically acclaimed NYCB ballet Polyphonia (2001) in relation to the “thick narrative” of the company’s history. It argues that Wheeldon’s collaborations with NYCB dancers Wendy Whelan and Jock Soto, in Polyphonia and other works, produced a unique aesthetic, one that transcended Balanchine’s neoclassical legacy. The chapter ends by considering how Wheeldon’s controversial decision to direct the Broadway musical about Michael Jackson is not out of character, but emblematic of his propensity to embrace the role of an outsider, who works to understand the unfamiliar and who surpasses what is expected of him.
Between Two Worlds
Authors: Anderson Zoë 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This chapter examines Christopher Wheeldon’s British works in the light of his two formative training and performing experiences, with The Royal Ballet and with the New York City Ballet. Comparing the aesthetics of these companies in the 1980s and 1990s, it examines how Wheeldon consciously drew on both influences: American speed and attack, and British lyricism and drama. Featuring new interview material with Wheeldon, the chapter analyzes his ballets Pavane, Tryst, DGV: Danse à Grande Vitesse, Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, and The Winter’s Tale, putting them in the context of both British theater and international contemporary ballet.
Twyla Tharp’s Classical Impulse
Authors: Bukhari Kyle 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This chapter focuses on Twyla Tharp’s career-long engagement with classical ballet. In particular, it looks at Deuce Coupe (1973) and In the Upper Room (1986) and suggests these works, that featured classical and modern-trained dancers together on the same stage, constitute early experiments in contemporary ballet. Tharp did not hybridize the dance forms; rather, she allowed them to coexist in a discrete, stylistic duality. This chapter asks how this radical juxtaposition of genres might have contemporized the classical ballet form. Early negative critical reception to Tharp’s use of traditional ballet choreography and pointe shoes raises the question of possible gender biases against Tharp as a female choreographer in a male-dominated field. While Tharp considers herself a modern and ballet choreographer, this chapter proposes it is through the pastiche of dance postmodernism that Tharp was able to incorporate classical ballet as a ready-made and that her work of the period can be read as early prototypes of the contemporary ballet genre.
Weaving Apollo
Authors: Coates Emily 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This chapter, written by a former New York City Ballet dancer turned choreographer, critically examines the influence of George Balanchine’s Apollo on women’s authorship. Much has been written about the grip of patriarchal culture on ballet culture, as male leaders continue to dominate female muses and outmoded representations of gender persist. Balanchine famously granted his ballerinas interpretive range, while limiting their ability to choreograph. “Ballet is woman,” he declared, but women do not make the ballets. This chapter shifts the critical lens to the ways that a repertory, specifically an iconic ballet, can infiltrate a company’s consciousness—in this case, through a male god of classical Greek antiquity, reimagined through Igor Stravinsky’s score and Balanchine’s choreography, spanning nine decades of interpretation. Drawing on the project Incarnations, and a collaboration with Yvonne Rainer, the chapter argues for more complex choreographic strategies in contemporary work, as one way to disrupt and dismantle the inherited male creator/female muse paradigm embedded within neoclassical ballet.
Do We Have Moral Duties to Past People?
Authors: Scarre Geoffrey 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This chapter aims, first, to investigate the metaphysical difficulties concerning the status of the dead and the basis of the obligations that the living owe to them and, second, to determine in more detail what rights the dead may have and what obligations these impose upon the living. If death marks the extinction of the personal self, then the problem is to explain how there can be any obligations to no-longer-existing people. In the earlier part of the chapter, it is argued that while many treatments of the so-called problem of the subject offered in the literature are unsatisfactory, there are nevertheless ways of buttressing the common intuition that there can be moral duties toward the dead. Putative duties to the dead may be divided into two classes, here labeled inherited and original. Inherited duties are those which devolve on living people as a consequence of historical injustices committed by their forebears (e.g., enslavement, ethnic cleansing, or theft of land). Original duties spring from one’s status as an accountable moral agent duty-bound to treat other persons as ends in themselves; plausibly, these include preserving the good name of the dead, keeping promises made to them when alive, and honoring the terms of their wills. It is argued that there are important duties of both kinds, though attention is given to the difficulties that may arise where cultural expectations clash or where tensions arise between our duties to the dead and our duties to the living.
Risk, Responsibility, and Procreative Asymmetries
Authors: Weinberg Rivka 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The author argues for a theory of responsibility for outcomes of imposed risk, based on whether it was permissible to impose the risk. When one tries to apply this persuasive model of responsibility for outcomes of risk imposition to procreation, which is a risk imposing act, one finds that it doesn’t match one’s intuitions about responsibility for outcomes of procreative risk. This mismatch exposes a justificatory gap for procreativity, namely, that procreation cannot avail itself of the shared vulnerability to risks and their constraints—to the balance one is forced to strike between one’s interest in being free to impose risks on others and one’s interest in being safe from harm resulting from the risk imposed by others—which serves to justify risk imposition, generally. Whereas most risk impositions involve trade-offs of liberty and security among people who share the vulnerabilities associated with the taking, imposing, or being constrained from imposing risks, procreation involves the introduction of people into that position of vulnerability in the first place. Thus, when one procreates, one imposes risks in the absence of the shared vulnerability that usually serves as a justification for risk imposition. Procreative risks may not be wrongfully imposed, but they aren’t permissibly imposed in a manner fully comparable to other permissibly imposed risks. This makes procreation a unique form of risk imposition, with unique implications for its justification and for one’s responsibility for its outcomes. This insight can help explain several puzzling procreative asymmetries.
Universal State Pension Schemes and the Duties of Retirees
Authors: Finneron-Burns Elizabeth 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Because they are funded on a pay-as-you-go basis, universal state pension schemes are long-term intergenerational contracts. In them, one working generation (G2) contracts with retirees (G1) to fund their retirement. Unlike in a standard contract, G1 does not offer anything to G2. Rather, G3 (G2’s children and grandchildren) will be expected to fund G2’s retirement in turn. In this way, G1 and G2 have bound G3 into a contract without their tacit or express consent (because they do not exist to give it at the time of the contract). In this chapter the author interrogates the foundational question of whether an intergenerational contract of this nature is just. The author anticipates that a model of hypothetical consent will help make sense of the binding nature of such a contract. However, the author also argues that if hypothetical consent is relied upon to justify such contracts, it will place unexpected obligations on G2, including the obligation to reproduce or support high levels of immigration, and rights for G3, including the right to heavily tax G2 if they do not discharge the aforementioned duties.
The Challenge of Population
Authors: Conly Sarah 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
According to the most informed estimates, if humans continue to reproduce as predicted, there will be a population of 9.7 billion by 2050 and 10.9 billion by 2100. No one knows exactly what sort of life these future generations will live, but the consensus is that it will be bad: There will be shortages of everything, especially food and drinkable water. There will be violent conflict over resources. And it will be devastating for the natural world in a way that will redound upon the humans who are causing the destruction. Given this, what should be done? The obligation to future generations is to produce fewer members of those generations. And this is an obligation that overrides other considerations. People do not have a right to freedom of choice when the wrong choice will be so harmful to those yet to come. That said, there are ways to influence people’s choices that allow people to choose freely the appropriate course of action. Contraception can be made free and readily available. People who have fewer children could be awarded with tax benefits. The fact that the fertility rate has already been falling consistently shows that people respond to non-coercive pressure to reduce family size. However, if, in the long run, voluntary action is not enough, certain sorts of coercion are permissible and can be introduced in ways that are consistent with equity between peoples.