bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soft Tissue Profile Changes in Patients With Class II malocclusion
Authors: Milutinovic Jovana , Stamenkovic Zorana , Zelic Ksenija , Marinkovic Nemanja , Nedeljkovic Nenad 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe objective of this study was to identify the soft tissue profile outcomes of orthodontic treatment of Class II, division 1 malocclusion patients and to determine if these changes are related with different treatment protocol.MethodsThe sample of this study consisted of 50 Caucasian patients [22 males; 28 females], with a mean age of 15.8 years. The sample was divided in two groups (both groups treated with multibracket therapy): first group was non-extraction group [25 patients] treated first with the Herbst appliance, and second group was four premolars extraction group [25 patients] treated with a multibracket appliance. The patients’ pre- and post-treatment profile photographs were used, and the soft tissue landmarks were identified. Afterwards, the angular parameters were determined on each photo. Paired-sample t-test was used for intragroup comparisons. For testing the differences in all parameter values between groups, two-sample t test was used.ResultsThe improvement in the non-extraction group was evident in the decrease of the nasomental angle [P=0.02], the angle representing the projection of the upper lip to the chin [P=0.01], as well as the upper lip angle [P=0.01]. On the other hand, the nasolabial angle increased significantly [P=0.01], as well as the mentolabial angle [P=0.02]. In the extraction group, the nasolabial angle showed a significant increase [P=0.03]. Two soft tissue variables showed significant differences between the groups: the total facial angle or facial convexity including the nose [P=0.04] and the angle presenting the projection of the upper lip to chin [P=0.01].ConclusionsThe patients treated without extractions showed a significant improvement of the convex profile and favorable soft tissue changes in the lower third of the face. The orthodontic treatment of Class II, division 1 malocclusions induce positive effects on the soft tissue facial profile, which depends on different treatment protocols.
The validation of Corona Anxiety Questionnaire in Iranian Population
Authors: Mehraeen Morteza , Heydari Mohammad Reza , Joulaei Hassan , Faghih Marjan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Anxiety is an evolutionary mental status that alerts a person from possible dangers: inside or outside dangers. One of the external dangers that threaten global society these days is Corona's disease. It has reported since 2020 January in Iran and has killed more than 8000 people during 5 month. But someone are unaware of the importance and danger of Corona or they don't consider any reason to worry. The aim of this study was to design and standardize a special questionnaire for corona anxiety in the Iranian population. Because of it, with the help of 10 psychologists and psychiatrics found 8 scales and wrote 36 question. Questionnaire asked from 523 internet operators by porsline.ir all over Iran. Method: To assess the reliability, kappa statistic was calculated and for construct validity, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with Varimax rotation and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used. Convergent and discriminant validity was checked using Spearman correlation and for content validity index (CVR) was used. Result: Reliability for the most items was high. Questionnaire showed excellent convergent and discriminant validity except for social support subscale. The results of categorical confirmatory factor analysis supported the fit of the eight-factor model of the Corona Anxiety Scales-36. Furthermore, the average of CVR was higher than acceptance level (0.62). Conclusion: The findings showed that the corona anxiety questionnaire is a questionnaire with appropriate validity and reliability for use in anxiety related to the unknown corona disease.
Meiotic Drive in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia compared with other Malignant Blood Disorders
Authors: Jønsson Viggo , Awan Haneef , Jones Neil Deaton , Johannesen Tom Børge , Thøgersen Klaus , Steig Bjarni á , Andorsdottir Gudrid , Tjønnfjord Geir Erland 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Studies of families with two or more cases of malignant blood disorders (lympoproliferative and/or myeloproliferative) provide a description of the pathway of susceptibility down through the generations towards the proband. The united observations fit into a non-Mendelian operational model consisting of parental genomic imprinting combined with feto-maternal microchimerism. Male affected relatives of a proband are predominant in paternal lines with maternal imprinting, while female affected relatives are predominant in lines with maternal affiliation and paternal imprinting. The findings suggest the influence of a so-called polymorphic equilibrium with segregation distortion related to parental imprinting (fitness optimalization). In the generations before a proband, affected relatives with the same diagnosis may covariate, viz. be present with a higher frequency than expected (relative superiority); or contravariate, that is a lower frequency than expected (mutual minority). Covariation has been observed especially among affected relatives with multiple myeloma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, acute myeloid leukemia, Hodgkin’s lymphoma and some few other diagnoses. Contravariation is only seen among affected relatives with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The dynamic drive of susceptibility in an affected family with birth order effect and/or anticipation is regarded as an additional polymorphic equilibrium with segregation distortion caused by feto-maternal microchimerism.
Solar Thermochemical Conversion of Carbon Dioxide into Fuel via MnFe2O4 based Two-Step Redox Cycle
Authors: Bhosale Rahul 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Thermodynamic efficiency analysis of [[EQUATION]] based CO 2 splitting (CDS) cycle is reported. HSC Chemistry software is used for performing the calculations allied with the model developed. By maintaining the reduction nonstoichiometry equal to 0.1, variations in the thermal energy required to drive the cycle ( [[EQUATION]] ) and solar-to-fuel energy conversion efficiency ( [[EQUATION]] ) as a function of the ratio of the molar flow rate of inert sweep gas ( [[EQUATION]] ) to the molar flow rate [[EQUATION]] ( [[EQUATION]] ), i.e., [[EQUATION]] , reduction temperature ( [[EQUATION]] ), and gas-to-gas heat recovery effectiveness ( [[EQUATION]] ) are studied. The rise in [[EQUATION]] is responsible for the decrease in [[EQUATION]] . At [[EQUATION]] = 0.7, [[EQUATION]] increases from 176.0 kW to 271.7 kW when [[EQUATION]] escalates from 10 to 100. Conversely, [[EQUATION]] reduces from 14.9% to 9.9% due to the similar increment in [[EQUATION]] . The difference between [[EQUATION]] at [[EQUATION]] = 10 and 100 decreases from 363.3 kW to 19.2 kW as [[EQUATION]] rises from 0.0 to 0.9. As [[EQUATION]] and subsequently [[EQUATION]] reduces as a function of [[EQUATION]] , [[EQUATION]] increases noticeably. At [[EQUATION]] equal to 0.9 and [[EQUATION]] equal to 10 as well as 20, the maximum [[EQUATION]] equal to 17.5% is realized.
Case Report of Patient with IgG4-Related Disease and Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Li Zhihao , Zheng Zongyu , Jin Meishan , Wang Weigang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Cases of immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) along with renal cell carcinoma are extremely rare. In this study, we report on a 61-year-old male who was diagnosed with both IgG4-RD and renal cell carcinoma. We examined the period beginning 13 years before the renal cancer diagnosis to two months after surgical removal of the tumor. IgG4-RD is an immune-mediated disease that leads to the formation of multi-system masses. It affects almost every organ and is challenging to diagnose and cure in clinical settings [1]. In this case, we report the clinical data, surgical methods, pathology, and immunohistochemical characteristics of a patient who was diagnosed with IgG4-RD 7 years ago and diagnosed with a tumor in the left kidney by our department in August 2020.
WITHDRAWN: Real-time Multiple-Workflow Scheduling in Cloud Environment
Authors: Ma Xiaojin , Xu Huahu , Gao Honghao , Bian Minjie 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
With the development of cloud computing, an increasing number of applications in different fields have been deployed to the cloud. In this process, the real-time scheduling of multiple workflows composed of tasks from these different applications must consider various influencing factors which strongly affect scheduling performance. This paper proposes a real-time multiple-workflow scheduling (RMWS) scheme to schedule workflows dynamically with minimum cost under different deadline constraints. Due to the uncertainty of workflow arrival time and specification, RMWS dynamically allocates tasks and divides the scheduling process into three stages. First, when a new workflow arrives, the latest start time and the latest finish time of each task are calculated according to the deadline, and the subdeadline of each task is obtained by probabilistic upward ranking. Then, each ready task is allocated according to its subdeadline and the increased cost of the virtual machine (VM). Meanwhile, only one waiting task can be assigned to each VM to reduce delay fluctuations. Finally, when the task is completed on the assigned VM, all the parameters of the relevant tasks are updated before allocating them to appropriate VMs. The experimental results based on four real-world workflow traces show that the proposed algorithm is superior to two state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of total rental cost, resource utilization, success rate and deadline deviation under different conditions.
A generalization of intrinsic geometry and an affine connection representation of gauge fields
Authors: Man Zhao-Hui 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
There are two ways to unify gravitational field and gauge field. One is to represent gravitational field as principal bundle connection, and the other is to represent gauge field as affine connection. Poincare gauge theory and metric-affine gauge theory adopt the first approach. This paper adopts the second.

We show a generalization of Riemannian geometry and a new affine connection, and apply them to establishing a unified coordinate description of gauge field and gravitational field. It has the following advantages.

(i) Gauge field and gravitational field have the same affine connection representation, and can be described by a unified spatial frame.

(ii) Time can be regarded as the total metric with respect to all dimensions of internal coordinate space and external coordinate space. On-shell can be regarded as gradient direction. Quantum theory can be regarded as a geometric theory of distribution of gradient directions. Hence, gravitational theory and quantum theory obtain the same view of time and space and a unified description of evolution in affine connection representation of gauge fields.

(iii) Chiral asymmetry, coupling constants, MNS mixing and CKM mixing can appear spontaneously in affine connection representation, while in $U(1) \times SU(2)\times SU(3)$ principal bundle connection representation they can just only be artificially set up. Some principles and postulates of the conventional theories that are based on principal bundle connection representation can be turned into theorems in affine connection representation, so they are not necessary to be regarded as principles or postulates anymore.
Gut Microbiota-Derived Inosine From Dietary Barley Leaf Supplementation Attenuates Colitis Through PPARγ Signaling Activation
Authors: Li Daotong , Feng Yu , Tian Meiling , Ji Junfu , Hu Xiaosong , Chen Fang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Ulcerative colitis is a type of chronic inflammatory bowel disease closely associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis and intestinal homeostasis dysregulation. Barley leaf (BL) has a long history of use in Traditional Chinese Medicine with potential health-promoting effects on intestinal functions. However, its mechanism of action is not yet clear. Here, we explore the potential modulating roles of gut microbial metabolites of BL to protect against colitis and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms.
Results
Using 16S rRNA gene-based microbiota analysis, we first found that dietary supplementation of BL ameliorated dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis. The mechanisms by which BL protected against DSS-induced colitis were resulted from improved intestinal mucosal barrier functions via the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ signaling. In addition, metabolomic profiling analysis showed that the gut microbiota modulated BL-induced metabolic reprograming in the colonic tissues particularly by the enhancement of glycolysis process. Notably, dietary BL supplementation resulted in enrichment of microbiota-derived purine metabolite inosine, which could activate PPARγ signaling in human colon epithelial cells. Furthermore, exogenous treatment of inosine reproduced the similar protective effects as BL to protect against DSS-induced colitis through improving adenosine 2A receptor (A2AR)/PPARγ-dependent mucosal barrier functions.
Conclusions
Overall, our findings suggest that the gut microbiota-inosine-A2AR/PPARγ axis plays an important role in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis, which may represent a novel approach for colitis prevention via manipulation of the gut microbial purine metabolite.
Serum Molecular Biomarkers in Neuromyelitis Optical and Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Fu Cong-Cong , Gao Cong , Zhang Hui-Hua , Mao Ying-Qing , Lu Jing-Qiao , Petritis Brianne , Huang Andy S. , Yang Xin-Guang , Long Youming , Huang Ruo-Pan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveThe aims of this study were to determine whether the expression levels of serological cytokines could distinguish 1) neuromyelitis optical spectrum disorders (NMOSD) from healthy controls (HCs); and 2) NMOSD patients with and without the aquaporin-4 (AQP-4) antibody biomarker from each other; and 3) NMOSD patients without antibody to AQP-4 from multiple sclerosis (MS). MethodsThe expression levels of 200 proteins in serum from 41 NMOSD (32 with antibodies to AQP-4, 9 without antibodies to AQP-4), 12 MS patients, and 34 HCs were measured using glass-based antibody arrays. In parallel, the correlation between protein expression in NMOSD/MS patients and clinical traits was analyzed with Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA).ResultsThirty-nine serological proteins were differentially expressed in NMOSD patients compared to HCs. 29 differentially-expression proteins (DEPs) were specific to NMOSD whereas 10 of these were observed in NMOSD and MS samples. In addition, there were 15 DEPs between AQP-4-IgG seronegative and AQP-4-IgG seropositive NMOSD patients, and 9 DEPs between NMOSD and MS patients who did not have AQP-4-IgG. ConclusionsOur findings highlight that serological Interleukin-17B (IL-17B) may be key biomarker of NMOSD and MS. While epidermal growth factor (EGF) may be correlated with the breakdown of the blood-brain barrier in NMOSD patients, granulocyte chemotactic protein-2 (GCP-2) and monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 (CD14) may play different roles in the pathogenesis of AQP-4-IgG seronegative and seropositive NMOSD and MS. Novel biomarkers identified in our study could potentially be used in the diagnosis and treatment of NMOSD.Trial registrationPublic title: Multi-Center Clinical Study of GFAP AstrocytopathyRegistration number: ChiCTR2000041291Date of registration: 2020-12-23 (Retrospective registration)URL of trail registry record: http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=65306
Method for Detection of Unsafe Actions in Power Field Based on Edge Computing Architecture
Authors: Yin Yanfang , Lin Jinjiao , Sun Nongliang , Zhu Qigang , Zhang Shuaishuai , Zhang Yanjie , Liu Ming 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Due to the high risk factors in the electric power industry, the safety of power system can be improved by using the surveillance system to predict and warn the operators' nonstandard and unsafe actions by real time. In this paper, aiming at the real-time and accuracy requirements in video intelligent surveillance, a method based on edge computing architecture is proposed to judge unsafe actions of electric power operations in time. In this method, the service of unsafe actions judgment is deployed to the edge cloud, which improves the real-time performance. In order to identify the action being executing, the end-to-end action recognition model proposed in this paper uses the Temporal Convolutional Neural Network (TCN) to extract local temporal features and a Gate Recurrent Unit (GRU) layer to extract global temporal features, which increases the accuracy of action fragment recognition. The result of action recognition is combined with the result of equipment target recognition based on yolov3 model, and the classification rule is used to determine whether the current action is safe.Experiments show that the proposed method has better real-time performance,and the proposed action cgnition is verified on the MSRAction Dataset,which improves the recognition accuracy of action segments.At the same time,the judgment results of unsafe actions also prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.
The Growth of Plants and Indigenous Bacterial Community Were Significantly Affected by Cadmium Contamination in Soil-Plant System
Authors: Du Yunyan , Zhang Dawei , Zhou Dinggang , Liu Lili , Wu Jinfeng , Chen Hongsong , Jin Decai , Yan Mingli 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Concentrations of heavy metals continue to increase in soil environments as a result of both anthropogenic activities and natural processes. Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic heavy metals and poses health risks to both humans and the ecosystem. Herein, we explore the impacts of Cd on a soil-plant system composed of oilseed rape (Brassica napus and Brassica juncea) and bacteria. The two species of oilseed rape displayed a similar variation trend under Cd treatment. Cd accumulation within plant tissues enhanced with increasing concentrations of Cd in soils, and Cd treatment decreased chlorophyll content and suppressed plant growth. Meanwhile, Cd stress induced the changes of antioxidative enzymes activities including elevating SOD and POD activities and reducing CAT activity. The impact of Cd on the bacterial communities of soils was greater than bacterial communities of plants (phyllosphere and endophyte). The α-diversity of bacterial community in soils declined significantly under higher Cd concentration (30 mg/kg). In addition, soil bacterial communities composition and structure were altered in the presence of higher Cd concentration. Meanwhile, the bacterial community of bulk soil was significantly correlated with Cd, while the variation of rhizosphere soil bacterial community was markedly correlated with Cd and other environmental factors of both soils and plants. These results suggested that Cd could affect both the growth of plants and the indigenous bacterial community in soil-plant system, which might further change ecosystem functions in soils.
Au@Ag&nbsp;Core/Shell Nanoparticles Prepared by Laser-Assisted Method for Optical Limiting Applications
Authors: Mostafa Ayman , Awwad Nasser S. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Keeping in view the fascinating properties of noble materials in the nanoscale, we synthesized nanocomposite materials from metals of Au and Ag in the form of core/shell structure by a simple, eco-friendly, inexpensive, smart, and fast method. This method is pulsed laser ablation of Ag plate immersed in chloroauric acid solution using Nd:YAG solid state laser (1064nm, 7ns, 10Hz). The physicochemical investigations were presented by different techniques to investigate its structural characterization, morphological and optical characterization including linear and nonlinear properties. These techniques confirmed that produced sample has a crystalline structure from Au an Ag structure, and its morphology has a core/shell structure with Au in shell and Ag in core. The nonlinear optical characterization of the prepared sample was investigated by Z-scan technique using the second harmonic of the same laser source. The prepared sample of Au@Ag core/shell showed a tuning of nonlinearity characteristic property between that of the nanoparticles from Au or Ag. So, this material could be represented a recommended nonlinear material to be a promising candidate for optical limiting applications
Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Exosomal miR-106a Promotes Breast Cancer Invasion and Metastasis by Down -regulation of TCEAL7
Authors: Yan Ziqian , Sheng Zhimei , Zheng Yuanhang , Feng Ruijun , Shi Lihong , Li Hongli , Yin Chonggao , Xiao Qinpei , Luo Hao , zhang baogang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Studies have shown that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play an irreplaceable role in the occurrence and development of tumors. Therefore, exploring the action and mechanism of CAFs on tumor cells is particularly important for designing new and effective treatments and improving prognosis of tumors. For exosomes have been shown to play vital roles in intercellular communication, in this study, we compared the effects of CAFs-derived exosomes and NFs-derived exosomes on breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, and metastasis. The results showed that exosomes from both CAFs and NFs could enter into breast cancer cells and CAFs-derived exosomes had a more enhancing effect on breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion than NFs-derived exosomes. Furthermore, it was found that the expression levels of miR-106a in exosomes derived from CAFs were significantly up-regulated than that of NFs-derived exosomes and what’s more, in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that miR-106a can promote breast cancer cell proliferation, migration and metastasis by specifically binding to the 3'UTR of TCEAL7. It is inspiring to find that the miR-106a-TCEAL7 pathway promotes Snail nuclear ectopic activation by activating NF-κB, thereby inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition and promoting cell proliferation and metastasis. Moreover, a mouse xenograft model confirmed that CAFs-derived exosomes miR-106a could promote tumor metastasis. The above data shows that CAFs-derived exosomes miR-106a promote Snail nuclear ectopic by targeting TCEAL7 to activate the NF-κB pathway, thereby inducing EMT, invasion and metastasis of breast cancer. Targeting CAFs-derived exosome miR-106a may be a potential treatment option to overcome breast cancer progression.
RF Magnetron Sputtering Processed Transparent Conductive Aluminum Doped ZnO thin Films with Excellent Optical and Electrical Properties
Authors: Zhao Chunhu , Liu Junfeng , Guo Yixin , Pan Yanlin , Hu Xiaobo , Weng Guoen , Tao Jiahua , Jiang Jinchun , Chen Shaoqiang , Yang Pingxiong , Chu Junhao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Aluminum doped ZnO thin films (AZO), which simultaneously transmit light and conduct electrical current, are widely applied in photovoltaic devices. To achieve high performance AZO thin films, the effects of RF magnetron sputtering conditions on the optical and electrical properties of the films has been explored. The optimized AZO thin films exhibit strong (002) orientated growth with hexagonal wurtzite structure. The minimum resistivity of 0.9Í10-3 Ω·cm, the highest carrier concentration of 2.8Í1020 cm-3, the best Hall mobility of 22.8 cm2·(V·s)-1 and average transmittance above 85% can be achieved at the optimum deposition condition of 0.2 Pa, 120 W and 200 °C. Considering the single parabolic band model, the bandgap shift by carrier concentration of the films can be attributed to the Burstein-Moss effect. The results indicate that RF magnetron sputtered AZO thin films are promising for solar cell applications relying on front contact layers.