bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethical leadership, perceived cultural inclusion, and job behaviors: A two‐sample study of mediation and moderation effects
Authors: Haar Jarrod , Brougham David 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe present study tests whether the influence of ethical leadership on organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) is mediated by perceived cultural inclusion. Further, we test the moderating effect of the supervisor's organizational embodiment, which should enhance positive effects. Finally, we combine these to test for moderated mediation. Using two New Zealand (NZ) samples (N = 205 and N = 266) across a broad range of occupations and ethnicities, we find strong support for our model. In both studies, ethical leadership is positively related to OCBs and perceived cultural inclusion mediates ethical leadership effects. Significant moderation and moderated mediation effects are found, showing enhanced effects when employees consider their supervisor as the embodiment of the organization. This study extends the links between ethical leadership and OCBs by including inclusion.
The relative importance of industrial relations ideas in politics: A quantitative analysis of political party manifestos across 54 countries
Authors: Lamare J. Ryan , Budd John W. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIdeas are important but hard to quantify, making large‐scale, quantitative analyses difficult. Political parties are important ideational contributors, and their election year manifestos provide explicit compilations of their ideas. Using Comparative Manifesto Project data, we propose three channels through which ideas enter into manifestos and examine the fraction of manifesto content devoted to pro‐worker and anti‐union statements to measure the importance of these ideas. Multivariate analyses across 54 countries, 75 years, and 1132 parties uniquely uncover predictors of industrial relations ideas, including party characteristics, responses to other parties, and economic and political conditions. Further, pro‐worker ideas matter to voters during elections.
Cardiovascular risk factors of airport visitors in India: results from a nation‐wide campaign
Authors: Verberk Willem J. , Goswami Nilesh 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCardiovascular diseases have become the major cause of death in India, but overall awareness is still low. Therefore, the initiative was undertaken to set up health care screening booths at eight airports and one hospital throughout India to increase awareness and to determine cardiovascular risk factors. Participants were screened for hypertension (systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥140 mmHg or diastolic BP≥90 mmHg), diabetes [fasting blood glucose (FBG) level ≥126 or ≥200 mg/dL for random blood glucose (RBG)], and body mass index (BMI). Among 100 107 participants screened (46 ± 13 years; 17% women), prevalence of diabetes was 12 571 (15%), hypertension: 30 345 (33%) and overweight: 61 219 (65%). Diabetes was treated more often than hypertension (44% vs 11%). Hypertension and diabetes prevalence values were relatively high in young obese adults; BMI correlated significantly (p < .001) stronger to both systolic BP and RBG for subjects younger than 40 years than for those who were older (r = 0.27 vs r = 0.06 and r = 0.15 vs r = 0.03, respectively). Among obese women aged 60 years and older the hypertension prevalence was higher than 40%, in obese men this prevalence value was already seen from the group of 30 to 40 years old. For participants older than 50 years with hypertension, diabetes prevalence was 20%. These results show that screening initiatives like these are highly needed to increase the overall awareness of diabetes and particularly of hypertension. Systematic screening programs also help to identify specific patient populations and cope with undertreatment of those at the highest cardiovascular risk. The fact that women were underrepresented in the present screening campaign suggests actions are needed to encourage them to participate in health care programs.
Clogged Intermediation: Were Home Buyers Crowded Out?
Authors: CHOI DONG BEOM , CHOI HYUN‐SOO , KIM JUNG‐EUN 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPostcrisis policy interventions significantly increased the demand for mortgage refinancing, but there is an unexplored possibility that the surge in refinancing applications crowded out the supply of credit to home buyers. We examine two frictions that hamper financial intermediation and cause banks to substitute away from home purchase loans and toward refinance loans. Banks with limited risk capacity may prefer safer loans, and banks with limited operating capacity may prefer applications that require less processing time. We find that, following the 2008 financial crisis, banks constrained by these capacity limits rationed credit to home buyers while supplying more refinancing credit.
Conceptualizing China's tea history in the 19th century: Incorporation into the capitalist world‐economy
Authors: Ru Sung Hee 
Published: December 2021

AbstractRecent accounts of China's tea history in the 19th century have been presented without adequate attention to global capitalism's dynamics, despite the fact that researchers have explicitly or implicitly accepted the idea that China experienced a massive and unprecedented change in tea cultivation during this period, prompted by the penetration of capitalist logics. By analysing China's capitalist incorporation process, I show why and how tea‐growing areas in southern China drove an export‐oriented process of tea cultivation, increasing the number of seasonal workers—including Chinese tea growers migrating to British India's tea plantations—and contributing to ecological degradation and economic underdevelopment. In addition, analysis of China's incorporation process helps to investigate the relationship between China's tea industry and its early industrialization. By allowing us to examine China's tea history and the dynamics of the capitalist world‐economy in the long 19th century in tandem, the concept of China's incorporation process elicits macrolevel, global, and historical narratives of the 19th century Chinese tea history.
Extracranial ultrasound following mechanical thrombectomy in patients with acute stroke
Authors: Roesler Jennifer , Haertl Johanna , Wunderlich Silke , Boeckh‐Behrens Tobias , Maegerlein Christian , Bartels Eva , Ikenberg Benno 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackground and PurposeMechanical thrombectomy (MT) is standard care for patients suffering from an ischemic stroke due to a large vessel occlusion. Immediate and follow‐up transcranial ultrasound examinations after MT were shown to have a diagnostic benefit. However, it is unclear whether repeated extracranial ultrasound after MT has an additional diagnostic yield, that is, depicts new findings.MethodsRetrospectively, from our prospective database we identified all patients after MT who presented for a follow‐up examination between January 2017 and March 2020 and who had received an ultrasound examination after MT and at follow‐up. Clinical data were extracted from our database. Ultrasound images of all patients were revisited to identify new findings at follow‐up compared to examination after MT.ResultsNinety‐one patients were identified appropriate for further analysis, with a mean age of 67.8 ± 16 years. Median National Institute of Health Stroke Scale at admission was 11 ± 8.5 points. At baseline ultrasound, 18 patients (19.8%) had no atherosclerotic alterations and 73 patients (82.2%) had a plaque burden of ≥1 plaque. During follow‐up, in 5 patients (5.5%) a pathological finding presented in first examination evolved dynamically, that is, normalized. Vessel status of all other patients was stable, especially, in no patient a new relevant pathological finding occurred.ConclusionsAlthough sonographic normalization of pathologic findings was observed, pathologic new findings were not detected during follow‐up. This study provides first data for a discussion of the role of ultrasound in a structured stroke care after MT. However, larger studies are required to improve the understanding.
Trends in mental health presentations in a south Australian tertiary emergency department
Authors: Goldfinch Christopher , Kochar Amit 
Published: December 2021

AimLimited recent interstate evidence suggests an increase in paediatric mental health presentations to emergency departments in Australia. We set out to confirm this and whether any specific diagnosis was responsible for this increase.MethodsWe identified all patients with mental health presentations aged 6–18 years who attended our tertiary emergency department from January 2006 to June 2019 using our emergency department patient record system. Patients were determined to have a mental health presentation if they had a discharge diagnosis or presenting complaint code that corresponded to a mental health disorder or were referred to the mental health team. For analysis, we divided the 13.5‐year duration of our study into three periods of 4.5 years.ResultsComparing the first and last time periods, there was a 156% increase in mental health presentations over 9 years. This was out of proportion to the increase in combined general and mental health presentations of 11.9%. There was an increase in the proportion of patients who were diagnosed with an adjustment disorder (14–26.6%) or a childhood emotional disorder (8.5–20.8%). Additionally, there was an increase in median wait time and a reduction in the proportion of patients seen within their recommended triage time.ConclusionThere is a large increase in the number of paediatric mental health presentations to our emergency department. Further resources may need to be allocated to mental health services in the community and in the emergency department.
Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors in preclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs: systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Donati P. , Tarducci A. , Zanatta R. , Verdier N. , Belerenian G. , Cordero I. , Villalta C. , Franco J. , Tarragona L. 
Published: December 2021

ObjectivesTo determine the efficacy and adverse events of the administration of angiotensin‐­converting enzyme inhibitors for the management of preclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs.Materials and MethodsA comprehensive search using Pubmed/MEDLINE, LILACS and CAB abstracts databases was performed. Randomised clinical trials that assessed efficacy and adverse events of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors for the management of preclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs were included. Certainty of evidence was rated using GRADE methods.ResultsFour randomised clinical trials were included. While safe, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors administration to dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease and cardiomegaly results in little to no difference in the risk of development congestive heart failure (high certainty of evidence; relative risk: 1.03; 95% confidence interval: 0.87 to 1.23) and may result in little to no difference in cardiovascular‐related (low certainty of evidence; relative risk: 1.01; 95% confidence interval: 0.54 to 1.89) and all‐cause mortality (low certainty of evidence; relative risk: 0.93; 95% confidence interval: 0.63 to 1.36). Administration of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors to dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease without cardiomegaly may result in a reduced risk of congestive heart failure development. However, the range in which the actual effect for this outcome may be, the “margin of error,” indicates it might also increase the risk of congestive heart failure development (low certainty of evidence; relative risk: 0.86; 95% confidence interval: 0.54 to 1.35).Clinical SignificanceAdministration of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors to dogs with ­preclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease and cardiomegaly results in little to no difference in the risk of the development of congestive heart failure and may result in little to no difference in ­cardiovascular‐related and all‐cause mortality. The certainty of evidence of the efficacy of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors administration to dogs without cardiomegaly was low.
Econometric Analysis of Switching Expectations in UK Inflation*
Authors: Cornea‐Madeira Adriana , Madeira João 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe estimate with UK data a Phillips curve model with backward‐looking and forward‐looking methods of determining inflation expectations and with agents switching between these based on their recent performance. We find that, while on average backward‐looking and forward‐looking methods have about equal weight, there are considerable movements in the weight given to each method. We show this model has better in‐sample fit than other Phillips curve models and this is robust to the methodology chosen. The model out‐of‐sample forecasts on certain dates do better than other Phillips curve models and the Atkeson and Ohanian model.
One‐child policy and marriage market in China
Authors: Han Jun , Zhao Zhong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study analyzes the effect of one‐child policy on marriage market in China and focuses on leftover situation, marriage age, and age differential between husband and wife. Considering age 30 years as the cutoff point, the one‐child policy has increased the leftover proportion to about 1.2%, with 1.8% on men and 0.6% on women. Although the general public is aware of the problem of urban leftover women, the problem of leftover men is much more serious than that of women, with the former situation due to the large numbers of men and the latter due to the matching process. The one‐child policy on marriage age is positive and significant, irrespective of urban, rural residents, or migrants, but the effect is smaller in urban areas, which is consistent with the fact that the sex ratio is more balanced in urban areas. This policy also increases the age differential between husband and wife on the whole; however, it is positive and significant for the male‐headed families but negative for the female‐headed families.
Slow development allows redundant genes to restore the fertility of rpg1, a TGMS line in Arabidopsis
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Ren Meng‐Yi , Han Wen‐Jian , Zhang Ya‐Fei , Huang Min‐Jia , Wu Si‐Yuan , Huang Jie , Wang Yun , Zhang Zheng , Yang Zhong‐Nan 
Published: December 2021

SUMMARYSlow development has been shown to be a general mechanism to restore the fertility of thermo‐sensitive and photoperiod‐sensitive genic male sterile (TGMS and PGMS) lines in Arabidopsis. rpg1 is a TGMS line defective in primexine, which is essential for pollen wall pattern formation. Here, we showed that RPG1‐GFP was highly expressed in microsporocytes, microspores, and pollen grains but not in the tapetum in the complemented transgenic line, suggesting that microsporocytes are the main sporophytic cells for primexine formation. Further cytological observations showed that primexine formation in rpg1 was partially restored under slow growth conditions, leading to its fertility restoration. RPG2 is the homolog of RPG1 in Arabidopsis. We revealed that the fertility recovery of rpg1 rpg2 was significantly reduced compared with that of rpg1 under low temperature. The RPG2‐GFP protein was also expressed in microsporocytes in the RPG2‐GFP (WT) transgenic line. These results suggest that RPG2 plays a redundant role in rpg1 fertility restoration. rpg1 plants were male sterile at the early growth stage, while their fertility was partially restored at the late developmental stage. The fertility of the rpg1 lateral branches was also partially restored. Further growth analysis showed that slow growth at the late reproductive stage or on the lateral branches led to fertility restoration. This work reveals the importance of gene redundancy in fertility restoration for TGMS lines and provides further insight into pollen wall pattern formation.
Minimal late radiation toxicity and transient early toxicity following postoperative definitive intent conformal radiation therapy (20 × 2.5 Gy) for canine apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma
Authors: Williams Claire , Parys Magdalena , Handel Ian , Serra Juan Carlos , Lawrence Jessica 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPostoperative radiation therapy (RT) may be beneficial for dogs with anal sac apocrine gland adenocarcinoma (ASAC). Clinically significant late toxicities have been reported in up to 65% of dogs with perianal tumors following non‐conformal definitive RT, particularly when fractions of 3 Gy or higher are prescribed. The primary objective of this prospective, descriptive study was to evaluate tolerability of a novel 3D conformal RT (3DCRT) protocol in a group of dogs. Dogs with ASAC were prospectively enrolled if clients elected RT following surgery. The planning target volume was prescribed 50 Gy in 2.5 Gy fractions using 6 MV photons and administered over 26 days. Early and late radiation toxicities were graded according to standardized criteria. Thirteen dogs were initially enrolled but 1 was excluded due to a high risk of anesthesia‐related mortality. Seven dogs presented with early stage disease. Median follow up time was 771 days (91‐2223). Transient grade 3 dermatitis and anusitis developed in all dogs, with resolution within 4 weeks. Two dogs developed transient grade 2 late colitis. Locoregional failure in the irradiated field was documented in one dog at 738 days. All‐cause median survival time was 771 days (95% confidence interval: 510 → 2223 days). Findings indicated that this fractionation may be safely administered to the canine anus and pelvic canal using 3DCRT, although acute toxicity should be anticipated. Further prospective studies are needed in order to confirm long‐term tolerability and efficacy.
Reliability-Based Multivehicle Path Planning Under Uncertainty Using a Bio-Inspired Approach
Authors: Liu Yixuan , Jiang Chen , Zhang Xiaoge , Mourelatos Zissimos P. , Barthlow Dakota , Gorsich David , Singh Amandeep , Hu Zhen 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Identifying a reliable path in uncertain environments is essential for designing reliable off-road autonomous ground vehicles (AGVs) considering postdesign operations. This article presents a novel bio-inspired approach for model-based multivehicle mission planning under uncertainty for off-road AGVs subjected to mobility reliability constraints in dynamic environments. A physics-based vehicle dynamics simulation model is first employed to predict vehicle mobility (i.e., maximum attainable speed) for any given terrain and soil conditions. Based on physics-based simulations, the vehicle state mobility reliability in operation is then analyzed using an adaptive surrogate modeling method to overcome the computational challenges in mobility reliability analysis by adaptively constructing a surrogate. Subsequently, a bio-inspired approach called Physarum-based algorithm is used in conjunction with a navigation mesh to identify an optimal path satisfying a specific mobility reliability requirement. The developed Physarum-based framework is applied to reliability-based path planning for both a single-vehicle and multiple-vehicle scenarios. A case study is used to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed methods and algorithms. The results show that the proposed framework can effectively identify optimal paths for both scenarios of single and multiple vehicles. The required computational time is less than the widely used Dijkstra-based method.
Thermal and Optical Behavior of Novel Phosphate-Based Inorganic Mixtures Containing Fe and Na and Their Application as Solar Reflective Coating
Authors: Sahu Akash Kumar , Aravind Rudrarapu , Brahma Gouri Sankhar , Swain Trilochan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Herein, the synthesis of the novel and inexpensive phosphate mixtures, Fe3(PO4)2·0.5 Na3PO4.6 H2O· NaOH (calcined) and Fe3(PO4)2·0.5 Na3PO4·4 H2O· NaOH (non-calcined) of iron (Fe) and sodium (Na) and their application as reflective coating with building envelope materials is reported. The main objective of this work is to determine the effect of hydrated mixtures as a reflective coating. To obtain different hydrated mixtures, samples were synthesized in both calcined and non-calcined manner. Various measurement techniques were used to characterize and study the thermal behavior of mixtures. From the thermal behavior of the mixtures, it is noticed that the mixtures can be used as heat-dissipating materials. The average crystallite size was found to be 40.18 nm and 25.48 nm for the calcined and the non-calcined mixtures, respectively. The calculated band gap for the calcined mixture is 3.71 eV and the non-calcined mixture is 3.73 eV. According to Reddy's equation, the refractive index of the calcined and the non-calcined mixtures is 2.61 and 2.60, respectively. Both the calcined (1A) and the non-calcined (1B) mixtures were fabricated with commercial white paint to develop aesthetic light gray coatings. Both coatings were painted and tested on two building material slabs separately. Then, the highest reflective coating material between these two was painted on a house prototype and tested against commercial gray paint available in the market. An average temperature reduction of 3.8 K was observed in modified gray coating compared to commercial building paint. The reflective coating of the calcined mixture blended with white paint was observed to be better than the non-calcined mixture blended with white paint.
Disrupted care during the COVID-19 state of emergency and productivity loss attributed to presenteeism in workers: a nationwide cross-sectional study
Authors: Ishimaru Tomohiro , Tsuno Kanami , Hori Ai , Okawara Makoto , Yasuda Yoshino , Fujino Yoshihisa , Tabuchi Takahiro 
Published: December 2021

ObjectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic has caused medical care delays and avoidance around the globe. However, little is known about the relationship between disrupted care and productivity loss attributed to presenteeism during the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to investigate whether disrupted care during the COVID-19 state of emergency was associated with health status and productivity loss.MethodsWe used data from a nationwide, cross-sectional, Internet-based, self-administered survey. We performed multiple logistic regression analysis on data from 14 545 participants to investigate the associations among variables related to disrupted care, health status and the Work Functioning Impairment Scale, with a cut-off of 21 points.ResultsParticipants who experienced exacerbation of underlying disease (adjusted OR (aOR) 2.84; 95% CI 2.28 to 3.53) or any type of disrupted care were more likely to show low productivity at work. Experiencing disruptions in routine and non-routine clinical settings (aOR 4.64; 95% CI 3.64 to 5.92 and aOR 6.29; 95% CI 4.74 to 8.34, respectively), and running out of drugs (aOR 6.13; 95% CI 4.60 to 8.18) were strongly associated with exacerbation of underlying disease.ConclusionsWorkers who experienced disrupted care were much more likely to show productivity loss. Exacerbation of underlying disease is one possible pathway through which disrupted care could affect productivity loss attributed to presenteeism. Our study provides evidence of the importance of early diagnosis and continuous treatment of non-COVID-19 patients to enable them to remain healthy and continue to work during the pandemic.