bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamics of heterogeneous equilibria in the In–In2O3 system using Knudsen effusion mass spectrometry
Authors: Smirnov Andrey S. , Gribchenkova Nadezhda A. , Alikhanyan Andrey S. 
Published: December 2021

RATIONALEThe In–In2O3 system is regarded as a potential low‐temperature source of gaseous indium oxide (In2O) when obtaining functional materials by physical vapor deposition techniques. To date the vaporization thermodynamics of the system have been investigated in few studies, the results of which are contradictory.METHODSThe study of the In–In2O3 system was performed using Knudsen effusion mass spectrometry in the temperature range 930–1210 K, with a magnet mass spectrometer (MS‐1301). Quartz effusion cells heated by a resistance furnace were employed.RESULTSIt was established that In(g) and In2O(g) are the major vapor species over heterogeneous mixtures (In(l) + In2O3(s)) and the gaseous oxide In2O is predominant. The partial pressures of the vapor species were determined and the quantitative vapor composition was calculated. Based on the experimental data, a p–x section of the In–In2O3 system phase diagram at 1060 K was constructed. The standard enthalpies of reactions accompanying vaporization of the In and In2O3 mixtures were evaluated using the second‐ and third‐law methods. The standard enthalpy of formation of In2O(g) was derived from the enthalpies of reactions obtained.CONCLUSIONSThe predominance of In2O in the equilibrium vapor over heterogeneous mixtures (In(l) + In2O3(s)), along with its high partial pressure at relatively low temperatures, substantiate the In–In2O3 system to be suitable for physical vapor deposition methods. The obtained results can be used for physical vapor deposition parameter adjustment and optimization. The standard enthalpy of formation of In2O(g) obtained in an independent way in the present work is in good agreement with that from our previous In2O3(s) vaporization study.
Microfluidic Roadmap for Translational Nanotheranostics
Authors: Kabay Gozde , Manz Andreas , Dincer Can 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNanotheranostic materials (NTMs) shed light on the mechanisms responsible for complex diseases such as cancer because they enable making a diagnosis, monitoring the disease progression, and applying a targeted therapy simultaneously. However, several issues such as the reproducibility and mass production of NTMs hamper their application for clinical practice. To address these issues and facilitate the clinical application of NTMs, microfluidic systems have been increasingly used. This perspective provides a glimpse into the current state‐of‐art of NTM research, emphasizing the methods currently employed at each development stage of NTMs and the related open problems. This work reviews microfluidic technologies used to develop NTMs, ranging from the fabrication and testing of a single NTM up to their manufacturing on a large scale. Ultimately, a step‐by‐step vision on the future development of NTMs for clinical practice enabled by microfluidics techniques is provided.
Anaesthetic management of a dog with tetralogy of Fallot undergoing placement of a modified Blalock‐Taussig shunt
Authors: Veen Iris , Szatmári Viktor , de Vries Annemarie , de Grauw Janny 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA 6‐month‐old male Old English Bulldog with tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) required general anaesthesia for surgical palliative treatment of ToF, whereby a shunt was placed between the left subclavian artery and the pulmonary trunk to increase pulmonary circulation (modified Blalock‐Taussig shunt). Anaesthesia of a patient with ToF presents an anaesthetic challenge given the four concurrent cardiac defects as well as the surgical manoeuvres involved, requiring an advanced understanding of the underlying pathophysiology and haemodynamics. Besides this, a thorough knowledge of the clinical effects of anaesthetic events and drugs is required. This case report describes the two major anaesthetic events that occurred and the unexplained hyperkalaemia that developed. Furthermore their management is explained and discussed.
Mercury intrusion porosimetry and centrifuge methods for extended‐range retention curves of soil and porous rock samples
Authors: Turturro Antonietta C. , Caputo Maria C. , Gerke Horst H. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe water retention function is essential for modeling flow and transport in porous media. Its experimental determination is still challenging because each of the standard methods is limited to partial moisture ranges. The pore‐size distribution (PSD) obtained by the mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) may be used as a unifying property that spans across the individual ranges of retention properties obtained with standard methods. This study compares the MIP and quasi‐steady centrifuge (QSC) methods with standard ones (suction table, evaporation, and dewpoint potentiameter) to determine the retention curves of subsoil clods and calcareous rocks over most of the moisture range. The selected soils, having a relatively rigid structure compared with other soils, are more similar to the rocks even if there is a non‐negligible difference in terms of mechanical strength. The QSC, developed for rock samples, was tested for soil to see if the method is also applicable for mechanically less stable media. The porosity characteristics of soil and rock samples showed bi‐ and trimodal PSDs. The single MIP test allowed describing the mercury retention curve (MRC) for most of the volumetric mercury content range. The MRCs could be used to fill the gaps in the retention curves that occur with the standard retention procedure when switching from one measurement range to the other. The MIP and QSC methods proved to be relatively fast and reliable for measuring a wider range of the retention curve. However, the application of QSC method to soil samples is limited by effects of compaction due to centrifugal force.
Water recovery from yarn fabric dyeing wastewater using electrochemical oxidation and membrane processes
Authors: Bouchareb Raouf , Bilici Zeynep , Dizge Nadir 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study intended to evaluate and compare the efficiency of electrochemical oxidation (EO), nanofiltration (NF), and reverse osmosis (RO) membranes processes in the treatment of yarn fabric dyeing wastewater (YFDW) in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal, color removal, salinity reduction, and conductivity removal. EO tests of the textile effluent were conducted under various current densities and solution pH conditions employing a graphite electrode. Membrane filtration experiments were conducted using two different NF membranes: NP010 and NP030 and two distinct RO membranes: BW30 and SW30 flat‐sheet membranes. The experimental results showed that NF membrane process is not suitable for yarn fabric wastewater treatment showing low removal efficiencies for COD, color, and conductivity. However, both EO and RO membranes could reduce COD and color to high removal performances. EO results showed more than 99% of color removal and 80% of COD elimination at pH = 6 and current density of 50 mA/cm2 after 180 min of reaction. Using RO membrane for yarn fabric wastewater treatment demonstrated relatively complete removal of color concentration and 98% of COD elimination. However, EO process showed less performance in conductivity removal efficiency compared to the RO membranes. EO treatment of YFDW decreased conductivity by 31.2%, whereas RO membrane process reduced conductivity to a greater extent and recorded 97.1% of removal elimination percentage. Therefore, the treated water by RO membrane could be recycled back to the process such as washing and dyeing, in that way offering economic profits by decreasing water consumption and wastewater treatment cost.Practitioner Points

Electrochemical oxidation and membrane filtration processes were combined for the treatment of yarn fabric dyeing wastewater (YFDW).
A 100% color removal of color and 98.5% COD elimination efficiencies were obtained for the electrochemical oxidation (EO) + RO combined process.
EO treatment of YFDW decreased conductivity by 32.7%, whereas the RO membrane process reduced conductivity to a greater extent and recorded 97.7% of removal elimination percentage.
Syntheses, Structures and Cytotoxicity of Cu(II) Complexes with α‐Amino acid derived Benzamidines
Authors: Dinh Le Canh , Thang Pham Chien , Huy Nguyen Hung 
Published: December 2021

AbstractN‐(diethylthiocarbamoyl)benzimidoyl chloride reacts with methyl esters of glycine, L‐alanine, L‐valine under formation of pro‐ligands 1 which undergo de‐esterification in reactions with Cu(CH3COO)2 and finally form complexes 2 with the compositions of [{Cu(L‐gly)}4] (2 a), [{Cu(L‐ala)}∞] (2 b) and [{Cu(L‐val)}∞] (2 c). In all complexes, Cu(II) ion is coordinated by a dianion {L2−} via its (O,N,S) donor set and a bridging carboxylate O atom, and thus, adopts a distorted square‐planar coordination sphere. Treatment of complexes 2 with equimolar amounts of o‐phenanthroline results in the formation of square pyramidal ternary complexes with the compositions of [Cu(L)phen] (L=L‐gly, L‐ala, L‐val) (3). Antiproliferative effects of the compounds on MCF‐7 and Hep‐G2 cancer cells were studied. Generally, the ternary complexes 3 are more active than the complexes 2 and the pro‐ligands 1. In each series of compounds, the derivatives of L‐valine show higher cytotoxicity than those of L‐alanine and glycine.
Lutetium‐rich phases with a coloring variant of the Y3Rh2 type structure
Authors: Gulay Nataliya L. , Kalychak Yaroslav M. , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe lutetium‐rich intermetallic compounds Lu21T14–xInx (T=Rh, Pd, Pt) with x values ranging from 1.57 to 4.70 were synthesized from the elements in sealed tantalum ampules in an induction furnace with a special annealing sequence. Two samples from each solid solution were studied by powder X‐ray diffraction and the structures of Lu21Rh10.36In3.55, Lu21Rh12.43In1.57, Lu21Pd9.74In4.26, Lu21Pd10.19In3.81, Lu21Pt9.26In4.70 and Lu21Pt9.93In4.07 were refined from single crystal X‐ray diffractometer data. All phases crystallize with coloring variants of the Y3Rh2 type structure, space group I4/mcm (No. 140). The Lu21T14–xInx phases are built up from a tetragonal rod packing of columns that consist of a condensation of square prisms and square antiprisms of the lutetium atoms that are centered by the indium and transition metal atoms. These columns condense with the substructure of coordination number 9 and 11 polyhedra around the Pt2 and In1/Pt5 atoms. The striking features of the ternary samples concern small defects on the transition metal 16 l sites and T/In mixing on the sites 16 l and 4c.
Idempotent Fourier multipliers acting contractively on $$H^p$$ spaces
Authors: Brevig Ole Fredrik , Ortega-Cerdà Joaquim , Seip Kristian 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe describe the idempotent Fourier multipliers that act contractively on $$H^p$$

H
p

spaces of the d-dimensional torus $$\mathbb {T}^d$$

T

d

for $$d\ge 1$$

d
≥
1

and $$1\le p \le \infty $$

1
≤
p
≤
∞

. When p is not an even integer, such multipliers are just restrictions of contractive idempotent multipliers on $$L^p$$

L
p

spaces, which in turn can be described by suitably combining results of Rudin and Andô. When $$p=2(n+1)$$

p
=
2
(
n
+
1
)

, with n a positive integer, contractivity depends in an interesting geometric way on n, d, and the dimension of the set of frequencies associated with the multiplier. Our results allow us to construct a linear operator that is densely defined on $$H^p(\mathbb {T}^\infty )$$

H
p

(

T

∞

)

for every $$1 \le p \le \infty $$

1
≤
p
≤
∞

and that extends to a bounded operator if and only if $$p=2,4,\ldots ,2(n+1)$$

p
=
2
,
4
,
…
,
2
(
n
+
1
)

.
Markovchart: an R package for cost-optimal patient monitoring and treatment using control charts
Authors: Dobi Balázs , Zempléni András 
Published: December 2021

AbstractControl charts originate from industrial statistics, but are constantly seeing new areas of application, for example in health care (Thor et al. in BMJ Qual Saf 16(5):387–399, 2007.https://doi.org/10.1136/qshc.2006.022194; Suman and Prajapati in Int J Metrol Qual Eng, 2018.https://doi.org/10.1051/ijmqe/2018003). This paper is about the package, an implementation of generalised Markov chain-based control charts with health care applications in mind and with a focus on cost-effectiveness. The methods are based on Zempléni et al. (Appl Stoch Model Bus Ind 20(3):185–200, 2004.https://doi.org/10.1002/asmb.521), Dobi and Zempléni (Qual Reliab Eng Int 35(5):1379–1395, 2019a.https://doi.org/10.1002/qre.2518, Ann Univ Sci Budapestinensis Rolando Eötvös Nomin Sect Comput 49:129–146, 2019b). The implemented ideas in the package were motivated by problems encountered by health care professionals and biostatisticians when assessing the effects and costs of different monitoring schemes and therapeutic regimens. However, the implemented generalisations may be useful in other (e.g., engineering) applications too, as they mainly revolve around the loosening of assumptions seen in traditional control chart theory. The package is able to model processes with random shift sizes (i.e., the degradation of the patient’s health), random repair (i.e., treatment) and random time between samplings (i.e., visits) as well. The article highlights the flexibility of the methods through the modelling of different disease progression and treatment scenarios and also through an application on real-world data of diabetic patients.
Man vs. machine: comparison of pharmacogenetic expert counselling with a clinical medication support system in a study with 200 genotyped patients
Authors: Preissner Sally H. , Marchetti Paolo , Simmaco Maurizio , Gohlke Björn O. , Eckert Andreas , Preissner Saskia , Preissner Robert 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Medication problems such as strong side effects or inefficacy occur frequently. At our university hospital, a consultation group of specialists takes care of patients suffering from medication problems. Nevertheless, the counselling of poly-treated patients is complex, as it requires the consideration of a large network of interactions between drugs and their targets, their metabolizing enzymes, and their transporters, etc.

Purpose
This study aims to check whether a score-based decision-support system (1) reduces the time and effort and (2) suggests solutions at the same quality level.

Patients and methods
A total of 200 multimorbid, poly-treated patients with medication problems were included. All patients were considered twice: manually, as clinically established, and using the Drug-PIN decision-support system. Besides diagnoses, lab data (kidney, liver), phenotype (age, gender, BMI, habits), and genotype (genetic variants with actionable clinical evidence I or IIa) were considered, to eliminate potentially inappropriate medications and to select individually favourable drugs from existing medication classes. The algorithm is connected to automatically updated knowledge resources to provide reproducible up-to-date decision support.

Results
The average turnaround time for manual poly-therapy counselling per patient ranges from 3 to 6 working hours, while it can be reduced to ten minutes using Drug-PIN. At the same time, the results of the novel computerized approach coincide with the manual approach at a level of > 90%. The holistic medication score can be used to find favourable drugs within a class of drugs and also to judge the severity of medication problems, to identify critical cases early and automatically.

Conclusion
With the computerized version of this approach, it became possible to score all combinations of all alternative drugs from each class of drugs administered (“personalized medication landscape “) and to identify critical patients even before problems are reported (“medication alert”). Careful comparison of manual and score-based results shows that the incomplete manual consideration of genetic specialties and pharmacokinetic conflicts is responsible for most of the (minor) deviations between the two approaches. The meaning of the reduction of working time for experts by about 2 orders of magnitude should not be underestimated, as it enables practical application of personalized medicine in clinical routine.
Quantitative evaluation of hepatic steatosis using novel ultrasound technology normalized local variance (NLV) and its standard deviation with different ROIs in patients with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: a pilot study
Authors: Zhao Yanan , Zhang Chao , Xu Shaoyan , Zhang Hui , Wei Shumei , Huang Pengfei , Zhang Lufei , Wong Yik Ning , Xu Wen , Huang Pintong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of novel ultrasound technology normalized local variance (NLV) and the standard deviation of NLV (NLV-SD) using different ROIs for hepatic steatosis in patients with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and to identify the factors that influence the NLV value and NLV-SD value, using pathology results as the gold standard.

Methods
We prospectively enrolled 34 consecutive patients with suspected MAFLD who underwent percutaneous liver biopsy for evaluation of hepatic steatosis from June 2020 to December 2020. All patients underwent ultrasound and NLV examinations. NLV values and NLV-SD values were measured using different ROIs just before the liver biopsy procedure.

Results
The distribution of hepatic steatosis grade on histopathology was 4/19/6/5 for none (< 5%)/ mild (5–33%)/ moderate (> 33–66%)/ and severe steatosis (> 66%), respectively. The NLV value with 50-mm-diameter ROI and NLV-SD value with 50-mm-diameter ROI showed a significant negative correlation with hepatic steatosis (spearman correlation coefficient: − 0.449, p = 0.008; − 0.471, p = 0.005). The AUROC of NLV (50 mm) for the detection of mild, moderate, and severe hepatic steatosis was 0.875, 0.735, and 0.583, respectively. The AUROC of NLV-SD (50 mm) for the detection of mild, moderate, and severe hepatic steatosis was 0.900, 0.745, and 0.603, respectively. NLV (50 mm) values and NLV-SD (50 mm) values between two readers showed excellent repeatability and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.930 (p < 0.001) and 0.899 (p < 0.001). Hepatic steatosis was the only determinant factor for NLV value and NLV-SD value (p = 0.012, p = 0.038).

Conclusion
The NLV (50 mm) and NLV-SD (50 mm) provided good diagnostic performance in detecting the varying degrees of hepatic steatosis with great reproducibility. This study showed that the degree of steatosis was the only significant factor affecting the NLV value and NLV-SD value.
Pattern-based downscaling of snowpack variability in the western United States
Authors: Gauthier Nicolas , Anchukaitis Kevin J. , Coulthard Bethany 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe decline in snowpack across the western United States is one of the most pressing threats posed by climate change to regional economies and livelihoods. Earth system models are important tools for exploring past and future snowpack variability, yet their coarse spatial resolutions distort local topography and bias spatial patterns of accumulation and ablation. Here, we explore pattern-based statistical downscaling for spatially-continuous interannual snowpack estimates. We find that a few leading patterns capture the majority of snowpack variability across the western US in observations, reanalyses, and free-running simulations. Pattern-based downscaling methods yield accurate, high resolution maps that correct mean and variance biases in domain-wide simulated snowpack. Methods that use large-scale patterns as both predictors and predictands perform better than those that do not and all are superior to an interpolation-based “delta change” approach. These findings suggest that pattern-based methods are appropriate for downscaling interannual snowpack variability and that using physically meaningful large-scale patterns is more important than the details of any particular downscaling method.
The impact of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) pathways with regard to perioperative outcome in patients with ovarian cancer
Authors: Reuter Susanne , Woelber Linn , Trepte Constantin C. , Perez Daniel , Zapf Antonia , Cevirme Sinan , Mueller Volkmar , Schmalfeldt Barbara , Jaeger Anna 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Major surgery for ovarian cancer is associated with significant morbidity. Recently, guidelines for perioperative care in gynecologic oncology with a structured “Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS)” program were presented. Our aim was to evaluate if implementation of ERAS reduces postoperative complications in patients undergoing extensive cytoreductive surgery for ovarian cancer.

Methods
134 patients with ovarian cancer (FIGO I-IV) were included. 47 patients were prospectively studied after implementation of a mandatory ERAS protocol (ERAS group) and compared to 87 patients that were treated before implementation (pre-ERAS group). Primary endpoints of this study were the effects of the ERAS protocol on postoperative complications and length of stay in hospital.

Results
Preoperative and surgical data were comparable in both groups. Only the POSSUM score was higher in the ERAS group (11.8% vs. 9.3%, p < 0.001), indicating a higher surgical risk in the ERAS group. Total number of postoperative complications (ERAS: 29.8% vs. pre-ERAS: 52.8%, p = 0.011), and length of hospital stay (ERAS: 11 (6–23) vs pre-ERAS: 13 (6–50) days; p < 0.001) differed significantly. A lower fraction of patients of the ERAS group (87.2%) needed postoperative admission to the ICU compared to the pre-ERAS group (97.7%), p = 0.022). Mortality within the ERAS group was 0% vs. 3.4% (p = 0.552) in the pre-ERAS group.

Conclusion
The implementation of a mandatory ERAS protocol was associated with a lower rate of postoperative complications and a reduced length of stay in hospital. If ERAS has influence on long-term outcome needs to be further evaluated.
Collocation polynomial neural forms and domain fragmentation for solving initial value problems
Authors: Schneidereit Toni , Breuß Michael 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSeveral neural network approaches for solving differential equations employ trial solutions with a feedforward neural network. There are different means to incorporate the trial solution in the construction, for instance, one may include them directly in the cost function. Used within the corresponding neural network, the trial solutions define the so-called neural form. Such neural forms represent general, flexible tools by which one may solve various differential equations. In this article, we consider time-dependent initial value problems, which require to set up the neural form framework adequately. The neural forms presented up to now in the literature for such a setting can be considered as first-order polynomials. In this work, we propose to extend the polynomial order of the neural forms. The novel collocation-type construction includes several feedforward neural networks, one for each order. Additionally, we propose the fragmentation of the computational domain into subdomains. The neural forms are solved on each subdomain, whereas the interfacing grid points overlap in order to provide initial values over the whole fragmentation. We illustrate in experiments that the combination of collocation neural forms of higher order and the domain fragmentation allows to solve initial value problems over large domains with high accuracy and reliability.