bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospective comparison of CT and 18F-FDG PET/MRI in N and M staging of primary breast cancer patients: Initial results
Authors: Bruckmann Nils Martin , Kirchner Julian , Morawitz Janna , Umutlu Lale , Herrmann Ken , Bittner Ann-Kathrin , Hoffmann Oliver , Mohrmann Svjetlana , Ingenwerth Marc , Schaarschmidt Benedikt M. , Li Yan , Stang Andreas , Antoch Gerald , Sawicki Lino M. , Buchbender Christian 
Published: December 2021

Objectives
To compare the diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced thoraco-abdominal computed tomography and whole-body 18F-FDG PET/MRI in N and M staging in newly diagnosed, histopathological proven breast cancer.

Material and methods
A total of 80 consecutive women with newly diagnosed and histopathologically confirmed breast cancer were enrolled in this prospective study. Following inclusion criteria had to be fulfilled: (1) newly diagnosed, treatment-naive T2-tumor or higher T-stage or (2) newly diagnosed, treatment-naive triple-negative tumor of every size or (3) newly diagnosed, treatment-naive tumor with molecular high risk (T1c, Ki67 >14%, HER2neu over-expression, G3). All patients underwent a thoraco-abdominal ceCT and a whole-body 18F-FDG PET/MRI. All datasets were evaluated by two experienced radiologists in hybrid imaging regarding suspect lesion count, localization, categorization and diagnostic confidence. Images were interpreted in random order with a reading gap of at least 4 weeks to avoid recognition bias. Histopathological results as well as follow-up imaging served as reference standard. Differences in staging accuracy were assessed using Mc Nemars chi2 test.

Results
CT rated the N stage correctly in 64 of 80 (80%, 95% CI:70.0–87.3) patients with a sensitivity of 61.5% (CI:45.9–75.1), a specificity of 97.6% (CI:87.4–99.6), a PPV of 96% (CI:80.5–99.3), and a NPV of 72.7% (CI:59.8–82.7). Compared to this, 18F-FDG PET/MRI determined the N stage correctly in 71 of 80 (88.75%, CI:80.0–94.0) patients with a sensitivity of 82.1% (CI:67.3–91.0), a specificity of 95.1% (CI:83.9–98.7), a PPV of 94.1% (CI:80.9–98.4) and a NPV of 84.8% (CI:71.8–92.4). Differences in sensitivities were statistically significant (difference 20.6%, CI:-0.02–40.9; p = 0.008). Distant metastases were present in 7/80 patients (8.75%). 18 F-FDG PET/MRI detected all of the histopathological proven metastases without any false-positive findings, while 3 patients with bone metastases were missed in CT (sensitivity 57.1%, specificity 95.9%). Additionally, CT presented false-positive findings in 3 patients.

Conclusion
18F-FDG PET/MRI has a high diagnostic potential and outperforms CT in assessing the N and M stage in patients with primary breast cancer.
Clinical Outcomes of low-voltage area-guided left atrial linear ablation for non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation patients
Authors: Liu Hao-Tien , Yang Chia-Hung , Lee Hui-Ling , Chang Po-Cheng , Wo Hung-Ta , Wen Ming-Shien , Wang Chun-Chieh , Yeh San-Jou , Chou Chung-Chuan 
Published: December 2021

Background
The therapeutic effect of low-voltage area (LVA)-guided left atrial (LA) linear ablation for non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (non-PAF) is uncertain. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of LA linear ablation based on the preexisting LVA and its effects on LA reverse remodeling in non-PAF patients.

Methods
We retrospectively evaluated 145 consecutive patients who underwent radiofrequency catheter ablation for drug-refractory non-PAF. CARTO-guided bipolar voltage mapping was performed in atrial fibrillation (AF). LVA was defined as sites with voltage ≤ 0.5 mV. If circumferential pulmonary vein isolation couldn’t convert AF into sinus rhythm, additional LA linear ablation was performed preferentially at sites within LVA.

Results
After a mean follow-up duration of 48 ± 33 months, 29 of 145 patients had drugs-refractory AF/LA tachycardia recurrence. Low LA emptying fraction, large LA size and high extent of LVA were associated with AF recurrence. There were 136 patients undergoing LA linear ablation. The rate of linear block at the mitral isthmus was significantly higher via LVA-guided than non-LVA-guided linear ablation. Patients undergoing LVA-guided linear ablation had larger LA size and higher extent of LVA, but the long-term AF/LA tachycardia-free survival rate was higher than the non-LVA-guided group. The LA reverse remodeling effects by resuming sinus rhythm were noted even in patients with a diseased left atrium undergoing extensive LA linear ablation.

Conclusions
LVA-guided linear ablation through targeting the arrhythmogenic LVA and reducing LA mass provides a better clinical outcome than non-LVA guided linear ablation, and outweighs the harmful effects of iatrogenic scaring in non-PAF patients.
Comparison of post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) after isometric and isotonic exercise on vertical jump performance
Authors: Vargas-Molina Salvador , Salgado-Ramírez Ulises , Chulvi-Medrano Iván , Carbone Leandro , Maroto-Izquierdo Sergio , Benítez-Porres Javier 
Published: December 2021

Purpose
This study aimed to compare the post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) induced by isometric and isotonic exercise on vertical jump performance.

Methods
18 healthy trained men (25.8±2.7 years; 78.4±8.2 kg; 175.7±6.1 cm; 25.4±1.8 BMI; 126.72±10.8 kg squat 1-RM) volunteered for this study. They randomly performed two different PAPE protocols: Isotonic squats (ISOTS), which consisted of 2 sets of 3 repetitions at 75% of one-maximum repetition (1-RM); and isometric squats (ISOMS), which consisted of 2 sets of 4 seconds of submaximal (75% of 1-RM) isometric contraction at 90°-knee flexion. Countermovement jump (CMJ) height was tested at baseline and 4 minutes after each conditioning set.

Results
CMJ height significantly increased after set 1 in both PAPE protocols (ISOMS: p <0.001; ES = 0.34; ISOTS: p <0.001; ES = 0.24), with respect to the baseline jump. However, after set 2 no significant changes in CMJ height were observed for any protocol (ISOMS: p = 0.162; ES = 0.11; ISOTS: p = 0.976; ES = 0.06). No significant differences (p>0.05) were found between both isometric and isotonic exercise conditions.

Conclusions
Despite both protocols showed similar PAPE effects on CMJ height after set 1, none of the protocols demonstrated greater efficacy in increasing subsequent performance in healthy trained men.
Prevalence and clinical profile of glaucoma patients in rural Nigeria—A hospital based study
Authors: Ezinne Ngozika E. , Ojukwu Chukwuebuka S. , Ekemiri Kingsley K. , Akano Obinna F. , Ekure Edgar , Osuagwu Uchechukwu Levi 
Published: December 2021

Purpose
To determine the prevalence and clinical presentation of participants with glaucoma attending a public eye care facility in Nigeria.

Method
Hospital based retrospective study of glaucoma participants aged 50 years and above seen over a 5-year period. Descriptive statistics summarized the demographic, clinical characteristics and treatment of the participants and determined the association of variables with gender and age. Prevalence of the glaucoma by type, and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were also calculated.

Result
Of the 5482 case files that were reviewed, 995 (18.15%, 95% Cl 17.15–19.19%) had glaucoma particularly primary open angle glaucoma (11.55%, 95%CI 10.73–12.42%) and were mostly females (564, 56.7%) aged 69 ± 12 years (range, 50–103 years). In contrast to other glaucoma types, the prevalence of primary angle closure glaucoma (3.68, 95%CI 3.22–4.22) increased by 15% over 5 years. The mean intraocular pressure ranged from 15–50 mmHg but higher in females than males (27.8 ± 6.1mmHg versus 26.6 ± 6.0 mmHg, P <0.05) who had comparable VA (0.58 ± 0.4 Log MAR) and cup-disc ratios (P >0.05). On presentation, the glaucoma hemi field test (GHFT) was outside the normal limits in 45.5% and 54.5% of males and females, respectively. The type of visual field defect was associated with glaucoma type (P = 0.047). Arcuate scotoma was most common (35.5%) across glaucoma types, paracentral scotoma more common in Secondary glaucoma while Seidel scotoma was highest in NTG (19.3%). Beta-blocker was the mainstay of management (42.2%) but more likely to be prescribed to males while more females received carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.

Conclusions
The high prevalence of glaucoma in older people remains a public health problem in Nigeria. The fact that about half of the participants presented with visual field defect suggests there is a need for public health messages to emphasize on early glaucoma screening, detection and management.
Vitamin D related genetic polymorphisms affect serological response to high-dose vitamin D supplementation in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Mimpen Max , Rolf Linda , Poelmans Geert , van den Ouweland Jody , Hupperts Raymond , Damoiseaux Jan , Smolders Joost 
Published: December 2021

IntroductionA poor 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status is a much replicated risk factor for developing multiple sclerosis (MS), and several vitamin D-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been associated with a higher risk of MS. However, studies on the benefit of vitamin D supplementation in MS show inconclusive results. Here, we explore whether vitamin D-associated SNPs and MS risk alleles confound serological response to vitamin D supplementation.Methods34 participants from the SOLARIUM study consented to genotyping, of which 26 had vitamin D data available. The SOLARIUM study randomised relapsing-remitting MS patients to placebo or 14,000 IU vitamin D3for 48 weeks. Participants were categorised as either ‘carriers’ or ‘non-carriers’ of the risk allele for 4 SNPs: two related to D binding protein (DBP) and associated with lower 25(OH)D levels (rs4588 and rs7041), and two related to vitamin D metabolism enzymes CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 and associated with a higher risk of MS (rs12368653; rs2248359, respectively). 25(OH)D levels were determined at baseline and after 48 weeks.ResultsThe DBP-related SNPs showed no difference in 25(OH)D status at baseline, but carriers of the rs7041 risk allele showed lower 25(OH)D-levels compared to non-carriers after 48 weeks of supplementation (median 224.2 vs. 332.0 nmol/L, p = 0.013). For CYP related SNPs, neither showed a difference at baseline, but carriers of the rs12368653 risk allele showed higher 25(OH)D-levels compared to non-carriers after 48 weeks of supplementation (median 304.1 vs. 152.0 nmol/L, p = 0.014).DiscussionVitamin D-related SNPs affect the serological response to high-dose vitamin D supplementation. The effects on more common doses of vitamin D, as well as the clinical consequence of this altered response, need to be investigated further.
The Relationship Between Severity of Periodontitis With the Degree of Atherosclerosis in Ischemic Stroke Patients
Authors: Tikalaka Elisabeth Romana , Husni Amin , - Retnaningsih , Tugasworo Dodik , Hartono Jimmy Eko Budi , Rahmawati Maria Belladonna , Puspitasari Iva 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackground : Periodontal diseases affect up to 80% of the global population. Periodontitis is a long-term inflammatory disease that affects the soft and hard tissues around the teeth. It may also play a role in the pathogenesis of atheroma formation and is associated with cerebrovascular disease. The Carotid Intima Media Thickness (CIMT) is a good marker for detecting early and progressive atherosclerosis. Several hypotheses link chronic infectious diseases, including periodontal tissue disease, to the atherosclerosis process and are risk factors for stroke.Objective : To determine the relationship between the severity of periodontitis and the degree of atherosclerosis in ischemic stroke.Methods : This is an analytic observational study with a case-control approach. Subjects were ischemic stroke patients with inclusion criteria. Analyzed the severity of periodontitis with Miller’s Mobility Index (MMI), the degree of progression of atherosclerosis assessed by measuring the CIMT using an ultrasound device or B mode to detect the presence and progression of atherosclerosis.Results : 54 subjects with a mean age were 63,43 ± 7,19 years, and the dominant sex was male. There was a significant relationship between severity of periodontitis ( P : 0,011, OR : 3,425, CI 95% 1,332-8,807) and type of profile lipid triglyceride ( P : 0,027, OR : 6,840, CI 95% 1,242-37,676) to Carotid intima media thickness.Conclusion : There is an association between the severity of periodontitis and the degree of atherosclerosis. Severe periodontitis is related to the increases of CIMT, which is a marker of atherosclerosis, a risk factor for stroke.
Supply Chain Practices and Marketing Performance of SMEs: A Field Study on Furniture Manufacturing in Egypt
Authors: Said Yasser 
Published: December 2021

The study aimed to investigate the effect of supply chain practices on the marketing performance of small and medium-sized furniture manufacturing enterprises in Egypt. The study applied to 67 enterprises in Damietta, Egypt. Accordingly, the study population was represented by two top directors of furniture companies either. Two 39-item- questionnaires of a five-point Likert-type scale were used for each enterprise with a total of 134 questionnaires. Internal consistency of 120 valid questionnaires by using Pearson correlation revealed that the questionnaire was stable and valid. Descriptive statistics for all items of the questionnaire were carried out. The relationship between supply chain practices and marketing performance by Pearson correlation revealed there was a positive relationship between supply chain practices parameters; (supplier relationship management, intermediaries and distributers' relationship management, and customer relationship management) and marketing performance. The correlation coefficients of marketing performance were 0.609, 0.539, and 0.794, respectively. Estimation of differences in supply chain practices and marketing performance by one-way ANOVA and T-test revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) in age and size of the capital of supply chain and job title and experience of marketing performance. In conclusion, this study provides the top managers in SMEs the power to make decisions under normal and abnormal circumstances, as in the COVID 19 crisis, which may be crucial in the survival and existence of SMEs.
Blood sampling frequency as a proxy for comorbidity indices when identifying patient samples for review of reference intervals
Authors: Lykkeboe Simon , Andersen Stine Linding , Nielsen Claus Gyrup , Vestergaard Peter , Christensen Peter Astrup 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Indirect data mining methods have been proposed for review of published reference intervals (RIs), but methods for identifying patients with a low likelihood of disease are needed. Many indirect methods extract test results on patients with a low frequency blood sampling history to identify putative healthy individuals. Although it is implied there has been no attempt to validate if patients with a low frequency blood sampling history are healthy and if test results from these patients are suitable for RI review.

Methods
Danish nationwide health registers were linked with a blood sample database, recording a population of 316,337 adults over a ten-year period. Comorbidity indexes were defined from registrations of hospital diagnoses and redeemed prescriptions of drugs. Test results from patients identified as having a low disease burden were used for review of RIs from the Nordic Reference Interval Project (NORIP).

Results
Blood sampling frequency correlated with comorbidity Indexes and the proportion of patients without disease conditions were enriched among patients with a low number of blood samples. RIs based on test results from patients with only 1–3 blood samples per decade were for many analytes identical compared to NORIP RIs. Some analytes showed expected incongruences and gave conclusive insights into how well RIs from a more than 10 years old multi-center study (NORIP) performed on current pre-analytical and analytical methods.

Conclusions
Blood sampling frequency enhance the selection of healthy individuals for reviewing reference intervals, providing a simple method solely based on laboratory data without the addition of clinical information.
The Role of Political Elites in Eliciting Mass-Level Political Anger
Authors: Webster Steven W. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Contemporary American politics is notable for its high levels of anger and partisan antipathy. While these developments are attributable in large part to societal-level sociopolitical trends, I argue that they are also the result of politicians’ deliberate and strategic attempts to elicit mass-level anger. In this paper, I analyze over one million tweets sent by members of the 116th Congress to demonstrate that political elites do appeal to anger and that the angriest of these appeals are most likely to come from the most ideologically extreme Members of Congress – that is, the most liberal Democrats and the most conservative Republicans. I further show that this relationship is stronger for Democratic politicians, and that authoring tweets with a greater amount of anger generates more engagement. The results suggest that as long as politicians have an incentive to appeal to mass-level anger, the divisions characterizing American politics are likely to persist.
What Do We Mean by Negative Partisanship?
Authors: Lelkes Yphtach 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNegative partisanship is one of the most popular explanations for current levels of dysfunction in American politics. Yet, the term is used inconsistently in both academic research and the popular press. It is sometimes referred to as negative affect towards the out-party that is a more important predictor of political behavior than positive affect towards the in-party. It is also sometimes referred to as a negational identity, wherein identification with one party is founded upon not being identified with the other party. In this essay, I first review the two definitions of negative partisanship and their preponderance in the mass public. Counter some reports, disdain is not more prevalent than warmth. Next, I discuss new evidence which shows that partisan disdain and negational partisanship are mutually exclusive concepts. Finally, in a reanalysis of published work, I reexamine the evidence that purportedly shows that negative partisanship is a better explanation for political behavior than positive partisanship.
The Tribal Economy: Economic Perceptions, Economic Anxiety and the Prospects for Political Accountability
Authors: Mutz Diana C. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Whether American citizens hold presidents accountable for changes in the condition of the economy has increasingly been questioned. At the same time, the outcome of the 2016 election has been widely interpreted in economic terms. Press and pundits on both sides of the aisle have endorsed the “left behind” voter thesis suggesting that those who were economically dissatisfied or anxious voted against the incumbent party and thus elected Donald Trump. Likewise, some have argued that Trump would have won again in 2021 if not for the economic downturn caused by the COVID19 pandemic. In this study I use seven waves of nationally-representative panel data to examine change over time in individuals’ perceptions of the economy across the two most recent presidential election periods. I compare the magnitude of change from partisan rationalization of the economy to the magnitude of changes in perceptions due to the record-breaking decline in GDP during the year that COVID19 hit the US. My results provide little to no evidence that changes in perceptions due to real economic change were strong enough to overcome the effects of partisan rationalization. Given that the COVID19 recession was unusually severe, these results provide little reason for optimism that voters can hold leaders accountable for economic change.
A positive urine pregnancy test with haemoperitoneum: misdiagnosed postpartum choriocarcinoma with uterine rupture mimicking ruptured ectopic pregnancy
Authors: Yeoh Shakti , Yong Soon-Leong , Teoh Pak-Inn , Kang Marcus 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Choriocarcinoma after a term pregnancy is rare and can be life-threatening, especially when it perforates the uterus, resulting in massive haemoperitoneum. As uterine rupture due to choriocarcinoma is uncommonly encountered in the clinical practice, its diagnosis is often missed or delayed.

Case presentation
We present a case of a 41-year-old para 4 + 1 who had acute abdomen and hypovolaemic shock secondary to haemoperitoneum at three months postpartum period. The urine pregnancy test was positive, and, therefore, a provisional diagnosis of a ruptured ectopic pregnancy was made. She was managed aggressively with fluids and blood product transfusion at the emergency department to achieve haemodynamic stability. Subsequently, she underwent an emergency laparotomy where intraoperatively noted a perforation at the left posterior uterine cornu with purplish tissue spillage. A wedge resection was performed, and the histopathological examination (HPE) was reported as atypical trophoblastic cells, in which choriocarcinoma could not be ruled out. The patient then underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy three weeks later. The final HPE confirmed the diagnosis of choriocarcinoma.

Conclusions
The clinical presentation of postpartum choriocarcinoma can be indistinguishable from a ruptured ectopic pregnancy. A high index of suspicion is crucial to allow early diagnosis.
Modelling, control and supervisory optimization of generalized predictive control in catalytic cracking reactor
Authors: Mani Mythily , Deivasigamani Manamalli , Panda Rames Chandra , Ramasami Raja Nandhini 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
As gasoline demand increases, the efficiency of operation of Fluidized Catalytic Cracking Unit (FCCU) becomes paramount importance. In this paper, a dynamic model for FCCU is simulated and integrated with yield model in order to estimate the yield of products namely gasoline, light gases and coke. Conventional PI controllers are designed for the control of reactor and regenerator temperature. Since, the complete reaction occurs in a very short duration, the controllers are tuned so as to achieve shorter settling time and minimum overshot. Further in order to increase the yield, optimization of FCCU using Generalized Predictive Controller (GPC) at supervisory level is attempted. Through optimization of objective function, the GPC will provide optimized set point for the PI controller in order to maintain maximum gasoline yield.