bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analyses of Cell Type-Specific Effects of MicroRNA-298 on Native Protein Expression Via Truncated 3’UTR Hold Translational Promise
Authors: Wang Ruizhi , Lahiri Debomoy K. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is marked by neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques comprising amyloid β (Aβ) peptides. However, specific contributions of different cell types to Aβ deposition remain unknown. Non-coding microRNA (miRNA) play important roles in AD by regulating major proteins involved, like Aβ precursor protein (APP) and β-site APP-cleaving enzyme (BACE1), two key proteins associated with Aβ biogenesis. MiRNAs typically silence protein expression via binding specific sites in 3’- untranslated region (3’UTR) mRNA. MiRNA regulates protein levels in a cell-type specific manner; however, mechanism of miRNA’s variable activities remains unknown. We developed “miRNA-associated native protein expression” (miRnape) assays to determine a natural "UTR limit" for a miRNA’s function in a particular cell type. We report that miR-298 treatment reduced native APP protein levels in an astrocytic but not in a neuronal cell line. From miR-298’s effects on APP-3’UTR activity and native protein levels, we infer that APP 3’-UTR length could explain the differential miR-298’s activity. Such truncated, but natural, 3’-UTR found in a specific cell type provides an opportunity to regulate native protein levels by particular miRNA. Thus, miRNA’s effect tailoring to a specific cell type bypassing another undesired cell type with a truncated 3’-UTR would potentially advance translational research.
Ultrasound-guided Preoperative Localization of Radial Nerve in the Treatment of Extra-articular Distal Humeral Shaft Fractures
Authors: Li Weifeng , Wang Qian , Wang Haiying , wang shunyi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to discuss the treatment of extra-articular distal humeral shaft fractures using ultrasound-guided preoperative localization of radial nerve.Methods: Between May 2014 and December 2019, 56 patients with extra-articular distal humeral shaft fractures were retrospectively reviewed. 28 patients were received examination by using preoperative localization of radial nerve guided by ultrasound-guided preoperative localization (group A) and 28 control patients without ultrasound-guided (group B). All patients were treated surgically for distal humeral shaft fractures by posterior approach techniques. Operative time, radial nerve exposure time, intraoperative bleeding volume, union time and iatrogenic radial nerve palsy rate were compared between the two groups. Elbow function was also evaluated using the Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS). Results: A significant difference was observed between the two groups, Operative time (113.25 min vs 135.86 min) (p < 0.001), radial nerve exposure time (20.82 min vs 32.53 min) (p < 0.001), intraoperative bleeding volume (246.80 ml vs 335.52 ml) (p < 0.001) and iatrogenic radial nerve palsy rate (0 vs 10.7% ) (p< 0.001). However, the fracture union time (13.52 months vs 12.96 months) (p = 0.796) and the MEPS sscore (87.56 vs 86.38) (p = 0.594) were no significantly different in both groups. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that ultrasound-guided preoperative localization is an effective approach in the treatment of extra-articular distal humeral shaft fracture by revealing radial nerve, which may help reduce the incidence of iatrogenic radial nerve injury and the intraoperative bleeding volume. In addition, it has the advantages of operability, safety, efficiency and repeatability.
Prognostic And Immunological Implications of BTK Expression In Pan-Cancer
Authors: Yang Tao , Hao Lizheng , Chen Jian , Zhu Xueying , Sun Keyi , Zeng Yu , Zhang Yayue , Li Zhong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Cancer poses a serious threat to human health. Clarifying the potential significance of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK)in cancer has potential clinical value. This study examined the prognostic and immunological value of BTK gene expression in pan-cancer.Methods: We evaluated the gene expression of BTK in tumor tissues and normal tissues in different cancers. Survival analysis, including Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox analysis, were performed to explore the prognostic value of BTK for pan-cancer based on survival data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Spearman’s method was conducted to analyze the interrelation between BTK gene expression and tumor mutational burden (TMB)and microsatellite instability (MSI). We explored the association of BTK expression with the tumor microenvironment based on Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumour tissues using Expression data (ESTIMATE) algorithm. Co-expression analysis of BTK expression and immune-related genes was performed. We used Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to examine the molecular mechanisms and pathways of BTK in pan-cancer.Results: High BTK expression in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CSEC), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC), lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) was positively correlated with patient prognosis, while high expression of BTK in lymphoid neoplasm diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBC), brain lower grade glioma (LGG) and esophageal carcinoma (ESCA) corresponded with a worse prognosis. Cox analysis showed that BTK was closely associated to the prognosis of HNSC, LGG, SKCM and LUAD. BTK expression was correlated with clinical stage, TMB and MSI of 10 types of tumors. In HNSC, LGG, LUAD and SKCM, the expression of BTK was positive correlated with immune and stromal scores. Conclusion: BTK expression can act as a prognostic factor in various cancers, especially in HNSC, LGG, LUAD and SKCM, and this may be from its close association with TMB, MSI and immune cell infiltration.
Treatment of Osteoporotic Thoracolumbar Burst Fractures by Bilateral Pedicle Vertebroplasty Combined With Postural Reduction
Authors: Wang Haoyu , Zhang Lifeng , Wu Xiaotao 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Osteoporotic thoracolumbar burst fracture (OTLBF) is common in seniors. Due to the fracture of the posterior vertebra and spinal canal occupancy, the risk of cement leakage and spine injury is high in OTLBF patients, thus the application of vertebroplasty is limited in these patients. This study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of vertebroplasty for treating OTLBF via bilateral pedicle approach combined with postural reduction. To determine whether percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) combined with body reduction is an alternative method for treating OTLBF that prevents major surgical complications.Methods: Thirteen patients (aged≥65years) with thoracolumbar fractures but without neurological deficits underwent vertebroplasty. In all fracture cases, the anterior and middle columns of the vertebrae were affected and the canal was mildly compressed. To assess the clinical symptoms and the effects of the procedure, patient mobility and pain were assessed prior to the procedure and at 1 day and 3 months after the procedure. Kyphosis correction, wedge angle, and height restoration were also observed and measured. Results: Improvements in pain and mobility were observed immediately after vertebroplasty in all patients. These results were observed for 6 months. Significant improvements were also noted at 1 day and 6 months after vertebroplasty. Pain was reduced by at least 4 levels after 6 months. No comorbidities were observed. Kyphosis Correction, Wedge Angle and height recovery were improved. Postoperative computed tomography revealed polymethylmethacrylate leakage through the endplate fracture site into the disc space and paravertebral spacein one patient. No intraspinal leakage was found in all patients. Conclusions: Vertebroplasty is assumed to be contraindicated in patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures with posterior body involvement. However, this procedure was successfully performed to safely treat such fractures without causing neurological deficits. PVP combined with body reduction may be an alternative method for treating OTLBF that prevents major surgical complications. Moreover, it helps patients achieve early mobilization and pain relief.
MFVT:An Anomaly Traffic Detection Method Merging Feature Fusion Network and Vision Transformer Architecture
Authors: Li Ming , Han Dezhi , Li Dun , Liu Han , Chang Chin- Chen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Network intrusion detection, which takes the extraction and analysis of network traffic features as the main method, plays a vital role in network security protection. The current network traffic feature extraction and analysis for network intrusion detection mostly uses deep learning algorithms. Currently, deep learning requires a lot of training resources, and have weak processing capabilities for imbalanced data sets. In this paper, a deep learning model (MFVT) based on feature fusion network and Vision Transformer architecture is proposed, to which improves the processing ability of imbalanced data sets and reduces the sample data resources needed for training. Besides, to improve the traditional raw traffic features extraction methods, a new raw traffic features extraction method (CRP) is proposed, the CPR uses PCA algorithm to reduce all the processed digital traffic features to the specified dimension. On the IDS 2017 dataset and the IDS 2012 dataset, the ablation experiments show that the performance of the proposed MFVT model is significantly better than other network intrusion detection models, and the detection accuracy can reach the state-of-the-art level. And, When MFVT model is combined with CRP algorithm, the detection accuracy is further improved to 99.99%.
EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire With Added Subjective Weighting for Improving Tailored Treatment and Therapy Monitoring in Oncology
Authors: Rose Greta , Rades Dirk , Dunst Jurgen , von Bubnoff Nikolas , Luebbe Andreas , Gieseler Frank 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

It is good medical practice to use validated questionnaires to compare different treatment options in oncological therapy studies. Over the course of the past few years, it has been suggested that patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) could also be of value in monitoring individual treatment schemes, especially in the palliative care setting, where quality of life (QoL) is of primary importance. Although the EORTC-QLQ-C30 comprises a set of personal questions, patients are not asked about the subjectively assessed functional impairment associated with the symptom in their individual life situation.
Methods

We examined whether the results of the EORTC QLQ C-30, one of the most frequently used QoL questionnaires, would be different if the subjective interpretation of symptoms assessed on a function scale, such as physical functioning, are added to the scores. For each of the five functional scales of the EORTC-QLQ C30 the patients were asked to provide a subjective weighting, e.g. "How would you currently rate your physical functioning on a scale from 1 to 5?". A total of 95 answers from 13 patients were evaluated in part at several time points of their therapy. All patients included in this study had various cancers and were receiving only symptomatic but not curative radiation therapy (cerebral or bone).
Results

By adding the weighting question 86% of answers changed, with 39% of the answers being more positive and 47 % more negative when comparing EORTC QLQ-C30 results and subjective rating.
Conclusion

The above results show that the addition of the question of functional impairment resulting from a symptom might enable the use of standard questionnaires like the EORTC QLQ-C30 as an instrument for individual therapy management. Further investigation into how the standard questionnaire needs to be adapted is clearly needed und justified.
Development of a New Quantification Method Using Partial Volume Effect Correction for Individual Energy Peaks in 111In-pentetreotide SPECT/CT
Authors: Yamashita Kosuke , Miyaji Noriaki , Motegi Kazuki , Terauchi Takashi , Ito Shigeki 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundSomatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS) using 111In-pentetreotide has no established quantification method. The purpose of this study was to develop a new quantitative method to correct the partial volume effect (PVE) for individual energy peaks in 111In-pentetreotide single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). MethodsPhantom experiments were performed to construct a new quantitative method. In the phantom experiments, a NEMA IEC body phantom was used. Acquisition was performed using two energy peaks (171 keV and 245 keV) on the SPECT/CT system. In the SPECT images of each energy peak, the region of interest was set at each hot sphere and lung insert, and the recovery coefficient (RC) was calculated to understand the PVE. A new quantitative index, the indium uptake index (IUI), was calculated using the RC to correct the PVE. The quantitative accuracy of the IUI in the hot sphere was confirmed. Case studies were performed to clarify the quantitative accuracy. In a case study, the relationship between the IUI and the Krenning score, which is used as a visual assessment, was evaluated for each lesion. ResultsThe obtained RCs showed that the energy peak at 171 keV was faster in recovering the effect of PVE than that at 245 keV. The IUI in the 17 mm diameter hot sphere was overestimated by 3.1% at 171 keV and underestimated by 0.5% at 245 keV compared to the actual IUI. In case studies, the relationship between IUI and Krenning score was rs = 0.805 (p < 0.005) at sum, rs = 0.77 (p < 0.005) at 171 keV, and rs = 0.84 (p < 0.005) at 245 keV.Conclusion We have developed a new quantification method for 111In-pentetreotide SPECT/CT using RC-based PVE correction for an individual energy peak of 171 keV. The quantitative accuracy of this method was high even for accumulations of less than 20 mm, and it showed a good relationship with the Krenning score; therefore, the clinical usefulness of IUI was demonstrated.
The Association Between Ambient UVB Dose and ANCA-associated Vasculitis Relapse and Onset
Authors: Scott Jennifer , Havyarimana Enock , Navarro-Gallinad Albert , White Arthur , Wyse Jason , Geffen Jos van , Weele Michiel van , Buettner Antonia , Wanigasekera Tamara , Walsh Cathal , Aslett Louis , Kelleher John D , Power Julie , Ng James , O’Sullivan Declan , Hederman Lucy , Basu Neil , Little Mark A. , Zgaga Lina 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

The etiology of ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) and triggers of relapse are poorly understood. Vitamin D (vitD) is an important immunomodulator, potentially responsible for the observed latitudinal differences between granulomatous and non-granulomatous AAV phenotypes. A narrow ultraviolet B spectrum induces vitD synthesis (vitD-UVB) via the skin. We hypothesised that prolonged periods of low ambient UVB (and by extension vitD deficiency) are associated with the granulomatous form of the disease and an increased risk of AAV relapse.
Methods

Patients with AAV recruited to the Irish Rare Kidney Disease (RKD) (n = 439) and UKIVAS (n = 1961) registries were studied. Exposure variables comprised latitude and measures of ambient vitD-UVB, including cumulative weighted UVB dose (CW-D-UVB), a well-validated vitD proxy. An n-of-1 study design was used to examine relapse risk. Multi-level models and logistic regression were used to examine the effect of predictors on AAV relapse risk, phenotype and serotype.
Results

Residential latitude was positively correlated (OR:1.41, 95% CI 1.14–1.74, p = 0.002) and average vitD-UVB negatively correlated (0.82, 0.70–0.99, p = 0.04) with relapse risk, with a stronger effect when restricting to winter measurements (0.71, 0.57–0.89, p = 0.002). However, these associations were not restricted to granulomatous phenotypes. We observed no clear relationship between latitude, vitD-UVB or CW-D-UVB and AAV phenotype or serotype.
Conclusion

Our findings suggest that low winter ambient UVB and prolonged vitD status contribute to AAV relapse risk across all phenotypes. However, development of a granulomatous phenotype does not appear to be directly vitD-mediated. Further research is needed to determine whether sufficient vitD status would reduce relapse propensity in AAV.
Prognostic Significance of TM4SF1 and DDR1 Expression in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Huang Zhijiong , Yao Hongyu , Yang Zhijun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: TM4SF1 and DDR1 are expressed in many cancers, but their expression in ovarian cancer and the relationship between their expression and patient prognosis are still unclear. The present study aimed to explore the expression of TM4SF1 and DDR1 as well as their relationship with the prognosis of ovarian cancer.Methods: The Oncomine database and gene expression profile interactive analysis (GEPIA) were used to compare the different expression levels of TM4SF1 and DDR1 in ovarian cancer, and Kaplan–Meier plotter was used to analyse the relationship between gene expression and patient prognosis. The interacting proteins of TM4SF1 and DDR1 were analysed by STRING, which is an online protein interaction analysis tool, and enrichment analysis of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways was conducted for these interacting proteins. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect the expression of TM4SF1 and DDR1 protein in ovarian cancer tissue and to analyse the relationship between the expression and prognosis.Results: Database and clinical sample analyses showed that the expression levels of TM4SF1 and DDR1 were significantly higher in ovarian cancer and that TM4SF1 and DDR1 were coexpressed in some cases. STRING analysis found that the TM4SF1 and DDR1 proteins had an interaction relationship. The overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of ovarian cancer patients with TM4SF1 and DDR1 coexpression were significantly shorter than those of patients lacking TM4SF1 and DDR1 coexpression. Multivariate analysis showed that TM4SF1 and DDR1 protein coexpression was an independent prognostic factor.Conclusions: TM4SF1 and DDR1 proteins were coexpressed in some ovarian cancer tissues and were considered adverse prognostic factors for ovarian cancer. Our findings suggested that there might be an interaction or mutual regulatory mechanism of TM4SF1 and DDR1.
Profiling Transgenic Nitrogen Use Efficient Rice for Proximates, Minerals and Aminoacids
Authors: Amedu Josephine , Ibrahim Abdulrazak , Kwaga Jacob , Ebegba Rufus , Akinbo Olalekan , Ehirim Bernard , Ayuba Samali 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Nitrogen’s dual effects as a critical nutrient input in rice production and a major environmental pollutant necessitate developing approaches that enhance Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE). As a staple crop in Nigeria, the development and release of NUE rice for commercial purposes, represent an important milestone in addressing food and nutrition security challenges in the country. An important step in the establishment of biosafety baseline for the Oryza sativa Antiquinin 1/Hordeum vulgare Alanine Amino Transferase (OsAnt1/HvAlaAT) transgenic rice grains with enhanced NUE, is the conduct of compositional assessment as part of the weight of evidence approach, for evaluating whether there were any unanticipated consequences of their genetic modification. In this study, proximates, minerals and amino acid profiles of two OsAnt1/HvAlaAT transgenic rice events, NUE9 and NUE12 in comparison to their non-genetically modified (GM) counterpart New Rice for Africa (NERICA) 4 were determined. Here, results show that while transgenic rice grains had significantly altered levels of crude protein, crude fat, microminerals and aminoacids compared to controls, they all did not deviate from biological ranges available in literature. Transgenics had crude protein at levels 119.4 - 140.5% and Iron at levels 23% - 67.3% higher than controls respectively. Conversely, levels of fats and Manganese were 57.6 – 73.7% and approximately 25% respectively lower in transgenics in comparison to controls. With regards to aminoacid profile, 77.3% of aminoacids were significantly more abundant in at least one transgenic as compared to controls. Taken together, the results from this study provide preliminary basis for establishing a biosafety baseline that present evidence on the safety of NUE currently subjected to backcrossing events in Nigeria. Furthermore, the results suggest that pOsAnt1/HvAlaAT transgenic lines may not only be more efficient in utilizing N but may also be more nutritious in comparison to non-transgenic varieties.
Inhibitory Effect of the Zinc Metallochaperone NSC319726 on Ovarian Cancer Cells via the Regulation of P53
Authors: Sun Shikui , Liang Yue , Li Ke , Wang Yizhen , Li Huimin , Ji Xinying , Zhang Yuanyuan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from malignancies of the female reproductive system. In recent years, there has been little development regarding the treatment of ovarian cancer. Wild-type tumor protein p53 (P53) can inhibit the development of tumor, however, mutations in P53 have been shown in most cases of ovarian cancer. The mutated gene encoded P53 transforms from a tumor suppressor gene to an oncogene, losing its original anti-tumor function. Studies have shown that the zinc metallochaperone NSC319726 can promote the correct folding of P53 in cancer cells and restore its physiological function, however, the function of NSC319726 in ovarian cancer has not been elaborated. So we investigated the role of NSC319726 on biological functions of ovarian cancer and preliminarily determined the specific molecular mechanism. The results showed that NSC319726 could inhibit proliferation, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells and promote their apoptosis. Mechanically, NSC319726 regains the tumor-suppressed function of P53, further activates the downstream cyclin-dependent kinase CDK inhibited protein P21, thereby blocking the cell cycle and inhibiting cells proliferation. Therefore, NSC319726 has the potential to act as a novel drug for treating ovarian cancer.