bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of heparinized saline flush during endovascular thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke; a survey of clinical practice in the Netherlands
Authors: Benali Faysal , van der Leij Christiaan , Staals Julie , van Zwam Wim H. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background and introduction
Information about optimal use of heparin in flush fluids during endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is lacking. Variables that determine total heparin dose entering the patient by flush fluids are mostly unknown. We aim to provide insight in these unknown but highly relevant variables.

Methods and results
We performed a survey including all Dutch interventionists performing EVT (n = 79) collecting data on used concentration of heparin in infusion bags, number of infusion bags connected, timing of connecting the flush line and the dripping rate (ml/sec). We calculated potential heparin dose entering the patient per hour through flush fluids (IU/h). Twenty-eight interventionists (35%) representing 17 Dutch stroke centers completed the survey. Eight interventionists responded not to add any heparin to flush fluids (18%). The highest amount of heparin entering the patients was 13,500 IU/h, reported by 2 interventionists from the same center (4%).

Conclusions
We provide insight in the use of heparinized flush during EVT in the Netherlands. Total amounts of heparin administered via flush fluids may go up to 13,500 IU/h. With this paper we intend to set a starting for future research and development of guidelines on the use of heparinized flush fluids during EVT for AIS.
Kiowa at the Battle of the Washita, 27 November 1868
Authors: Meadows William C. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
While the Battle of the Washita of 27 November 1868 is a well-documented event in Native American and Southern Plains history, especially regarding the Cheyenne, Kiowa involvement is little known. This work sheds light on which Kiowa were at the battle and their participation, through an examination of US military records, Kiowa ledger art, oral histories, onomastics, photographs, and an unpublished account from Kein-taddle of her husband’s (Chiefs Call Him) participation and later naming of three family members from his personal war actions in the battle. The account suggests not only that Chiefs Call Him was involved in the action against Major Joel Elliott and his detachment, who were killed that day, but that he also witnessed Elliott’s death and counted coup on him.
The killing and thereafter: intimate partner homicides in a process perspective, part II
Authors: Enander Viveka , Krantz Gunilla , Lövestad Solveig , Örmon Karin 
Published: October 2021

This article puts intimate partner homicide (IPH) into a process perspective, and describes the latter two stages of the IPH process, that is, ‘changing the project’ and ‘the aftermath’. The focus of analysis is on the moment when the perpetrator chooses to kill the victim, and what s/he does and says in the wake of the killing. Fifty court files, from cases involving 40 male and 10 female perpetrators, underwent thematic analysis. Regarding the final trigger pertaining to changing the project, some situational factors that trigger male-perpetrated IPH seem to differ from the corresponding factors in female-perpetrated IPH. Feelings of rejection and jealousy seemed to be more common as triggers to kill for men than for women, while some cases of female-perpetrated IPH were linked to self-defence in response to IPV. Moreover, as noted previously, no female perpetrators displayed possessiveness.
Regarding the aftermath, after the homicide the perpetrators generally contacted someone and admitted to having killed their partners. Only a few perpetrators denied culpability and even fewer, mainly male, perpetrators concealed their crimes and denied knowledge of them. However, even in cases where the perpetrator admitted to having killed their victims, their courtroom narratives were apparently constructed to minimise resposibility.
Racial and ethnic differences in foveal avascular zone in diabetic and nondiabetic eyes revealed by optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Laotaweerungsawat Sawarin , Psaras Catherine , Haq Zeeshan , Liu Xiuyun , Stewart Jay M. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine whether racial and ethnic differences in retinal microvasculature are detectable with quantitative measures derived from optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods
OCTA scans and fundus photography were obtained in 447 eyes from 271 patients with and without diabetes between April and October 2018. Fundus photos were graded by the hospital reading center for diabetic retinopathy (DR) severity. Eight OCTA parameters relating to the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), superficial vascular perfusion, and deep vascular perfusion were analyzed for significant differences between race and ethnicity groups, self-reported by patients and organized according to National Center for Health Statistics groupings. Multiple regression was then used to adjust estimates for possible confounding by age, gender, hypertension, and last hemoglobin A1c level.

Results
Significant differences in FAZ area were found between white and non-white patients. After adjustment, the differences between white and all non-white groups were statistically significant (p<0.05) among patients with mild to moderate DR. In those without diabetes, the Hispanic and Asian groups had significantly larger FAZ areas (p<0.005) than NH white patients. In those with mild to moderate non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), NH Black, Hispanic, and Asian patients also had significantly larger FAZ areas than NH white patients (p<0.005).

Conclusion
Significant differences in FAZ area exist among different racial and ethnic groups. These results highlight the importance of considering and further studying race and ethnicity in OCTA analyses of the retinal microvasculature.
A flipped classroom, same-level peer-assisted learning approach to clinical skill teaching for medical students
Authors: Chan Enoch , Botelho Michael George , Wong Gordon Tin Chun 
Published: October 2021

Background
Clinical procedural skills are vital components of medical education. Increased student intake and limited capacity of medical schools necessitate more efficient ways to deliver clinical skill teaching. This study employed a flipped classroom, peer-assisted learning approach to deliver clinical skill teaching. It aimed to determine the influence of pre-class demonstration video watching and in-class student-student interactions on clinical skill acquisition.

Methods
In 2017, a cohort of 205 medical students in their penultimate year of undergraduate medical study were recruited, and they learned bag mask ventilation and intravenous cannulation during this study. The participants watched a demonstration video before class, and then underwent self-directed practice as triads. Afterwards, each participant video-recorded their skill performance and completed post-class questionnaires. The videos were evaluated by two blinded assessors.

Results
A hundred and thirty-one participants (63.9%) completed the questionnaire. For bag mask ventilation, participants who claimed to have watched the corresponding demonstration video before class achieved higher performance scores (those who watched before class: 7.8 ± 1.0; those who did not: 6.3 ± 1.7; p < 0.01). For intravenous cannulation, while there is no significant difference in performance scores (those who watched before class: 14.3 ± 1.3; those who did not: 14.1 ± 1.4; p = 0.295), those who watched the video before class received less interventions from their peers during triad practice (those who watched before class: 2.9 ± 1.8; those who did not: 4.3 ± 2.9; p < 0.05). The questionnaire results showed that most participants preferred the new approach of clinical skill teaching and perceived it to be useful for skill acquisition.

Conclusion
The flipped classroom, same-level peer-assisted learning model is potentially an effective way to address the current challenges and improve the efficiency of clinical procedural skill teaching in medical schools.
In-network support for transaction triaging
Authors: Jepsen Theo , Lerner Alberto , Pedone Fernando , Soulé Robert , Cudré-Mauroux Philippe 
Published: October 2021

We introduce Transaction Triaging, a set of techniques that manipulate streams of transaction requests and responses while they travel to and from a database server. Compared to normal transaction streams, the triaged ones execute faster once they reach the database. The triaging algorithms do not interfere with the transaction execution nor require adherence to any particular concurrency control method, making them easy to port across database systems.
Transaction Triaging leverages recent programmable networking hardware that can perform computations on in-flight data. We evaluate our techniques on an in-memory database system using an actual programmable hardware network switch. Our experimental results show that triaging brings enough performance gains to compensate for almost all networking overheads. In high-overhead network stacks such as UDP/IP, we see throughput improvements from 2.05X to 7.95X. In an RDMA stack, the gains range from 1.08X to 1.90X without introducing significant latency.
Zingiber officinale (Ginger) hydroalcoholic extract improved avoidance memory in rat model of streptozotocin-induced diabetes by regulating brain oxidative stress
Authors: Marefati Narges , Abdi Tara , Beheshti Farimah , Vafaee Farzaneh , Mahmoudabady Maryam , Hosseini Mahmoud 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Diabetes mellitus associated cognitive impairment is suggested to be due to oxidative stress. Considering the anti-diabetic, antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic, and anti-inflammatory effects of Zingiber officinale, the present study aimed to investigate its effect on memory and oxidative stress factors in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.

Methods
The rats were allocated into five groups: Control, Diabetic, Diabetic + Ginger 100, Diabetic + Ginger 200, and Diabetic + Ginger 400. Following diabetes induction by STZ (60 mg/kg), 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg Ginger was given for eight weeks. Passive avoidance test (PA) was done and thiol, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) measurements were carried out in the brain.

Results
The latency into the dark compartment decreased (p<0.001) and the number of entries and time spent in the dark chamber increased in the Diabetic group compared to the Control (p<0.001 for all). All three doses of extract improved performance of the rats in the PA test (p<0.001 for all). The hippocampal and cortical MDA level was higher (p<0.001) while CAT, SOD, and total thiol were lower (p<0.01–p<0.001) in the Diabetic group than the Control. Treatment with 200 and 400 mg/kg Z. officinale extract reduced hippocampal and cortical MDA (p<0.001) and improved CAT (p<0.001) while, just the dose of 400 mg/kg of the extract increased SOD and total thiol in hippocampal and cortical tissues (p<0.001) compared with Diabetic group.

Conclusions

Z. officinale extract could improve memory by reducing the oxidative stress in STZ-induced diabetes model.
Aqueous enzymatic extraction of peanut oil body and protein and evaluation of its physicochemical and functional properties
Authors: Gao Yuhang , Liu Chen , Yao Fei , Chen Fusheng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Aqueous enzymatic extraction (AEE) is a new technology for extracting vegetable oil body which has the advantages of low energy consumption, product safety, mild reaction conditions, and simultaneous separation of oil and protein. Among the enzymes tested in the present work, Viscozyme L (compound plant hydrolase) exhibited the highest extraction activity during peanut oil extraction. Extraction was optimized using response surface methodology, and optimal conditions were enzymatic temperature 51.5 °C, material-to-liquid ratio 1:3.5, enzymatic concentration 1.5%, and enzymatic time 90 min, yielding total oil body and protein of 93.67 ± 0.59% and 76.84 ± 0.68%, respectively. The fatty acid composition and content, and various quality indicators were not significantly different from those of cold-pressed oil, hence peanut oil produced by AEE met the same standards as cold-pressed first-grade peanut oil. Additionally, the functional properties of peanut protein produced by AEE were superior to those of commercially available peanut protein.
“Know Diabetes by Heart”: role of adipocyte-cardiomyocyte communications
Authors: Wang Yajing , Lau Wayne Bond , Ma Xinliang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity in patients with diabetes mellitus. In 2019, the American Heart Association and the American Diabetes Association (along with industry leaders) launched the groundbreaking collaborative initiative “Know Diabetes by Heart™” to reduce cardiovascular deaths in type 2 diabetic patients. The molecular basis linking diabetes with cardiovascular complications has not yet been fully defined. Recent clinical and experimental studies strongly suggest that adipocyte dysfunction and subsequent pathological communications between adipocyte and cardiomyocytes play important roles in diabetic cardiac injury. This perspective article will review recent development concerning adipocyte-cardiomyocyte communications, and identify the most critical questions remain to be answered in this filed.
Heat affected zone and weld metal analysis of HARDOX 450 and ferritic stainless steel double sided TIG-joints
Authors: Teker Tanju , Gencdogan Denizer 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this study, AISI 430 and HARDOX 450 grade steel are joined using a double-sided tungsten inert gas welding process. The microstructural properties of weld metal and HAZ were evaluated by optical microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, electron back scatter diffraction, elemental mapping, and X-ray diffraction analysis. As the results showed, an increase in welding current caused a large increase in the heat input to the welding pool, the penetration depth and the bead size. AISI 430 steel with Cr and Ni mixed with HARDOX 450 created new phases in the weld metal such as Cr7C3, Cr3Ni3, C23C6, matensite, Cr1.36 Fe0.52. The quantity and compound of martensite and carbides depended on the welding heat output and cooling degree.
Headache and quality of life in Finnish female municipal employees
Authors: Malmberg-Ceder Kirsi , Soinila Seppo , Korhonen Päivi E. , Kautiainen Hannu , Haanpää Maija 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Migraine and other specific types of chronic headache impair health-related quality of life (HRQoL). However, undefined headache is common in general population and little is known about its impact on QoL. This study addresses the impact of undefined headache symptoms on quality of life in a population of working-age females.

Methods
This cross-sectional study consisted of 633 female municipal employees. Self-reported headache recurrence was defined by asking whether headache was occasional or recurrent. We assessed quality of life with two different instruments, the generic EUROHIS-QOL 8-item index (EUROHIS-8) and the preference-based instrument EuroQoL (EQ-5D) representing health-related QoL. Anxiety, depressive symptoms and work stress were measured using validated questionnaires. Adjusted hypothesis of linearity was evaluated using bootstrap type analysis of covariance with age, education and number of comorbidities as covariates.

Results
In the study population, 76% (n=481) had experienced headache during the past year, and of those 38% (n=184) had recurrent headache. The EQ-5D index decreased linearly with increasing headache symptoms and four out of five EQ-5D dimensions were lowest in recurrent headache group. Females with headache had lower QoL on every EUROHIS-8 item except for conditions of living place, compared to females without headache. These results remained statistically significant after adjustment with age, education and number of comorbidities. There were no differences in prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders between study groups.

Conclusions
This cross-sectional, observational study showed that self-reported recurrent headache is common among Finnish women belonging to active work force. Both health-related and general QoL is best in females without headache and lowest in the recurrent headache group. We conclude that recurrent headache, even when the subjects have low anxiety and depressive symptoms scores, is associated with low HRQoL in working-age females. These results underline the importance of headache, a common and neglected symptom deteriorating female employees’ wellbeing.
Antileishmanial, antibacterial and cytotoxicity activity of the extracts, fractions, and compounds from the fruits and stem bark extracts of Pentadesma butyracea Sabine
Authors: Garba Jean Koffi , Nguengang Ruland Tchuinkeu , Youmbi Gwladys Tatiana , Menatche Joel Njopnu , Ngansop Cyrille Armel Njanpa , Bankeu Jean Jules Kezetas , Chouna Jean Rodolphe , Boyom Fabrice Fekam , Sewald Norbert , Lenta Bruno Ndjakou 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The search for antileishmanial plants used in traditional medicine led to the choice of CH2Cl2–MeOH (1:1) crude extract of the fruits and stem bark of Pentadesma butyracea Sabine (Clusiaceae) which displayed good activity in vitro against Leishmania donovani 1S (MHOM/SD/62/1S) promastigotes during preliminary screening with IC50 values 5.96 and 26.43 μg mL−1, respectively. The fractionation of both extracts using flash chromatography yielded active fractions with IC50 values ranging from 2.71 to 18.88 μg mL−1. Fourteen compounds (1–14) were isolated from the obtained fractions using successive column chromatographies and their structures were elucidated based on the analysis of their NMR and MS data. Daphnifolin (1), epicathechin (3), α-mangostin (9) and 9-hydroxycalabaxanthone (14) exhibited potent antileismanial activity against L. donovani 1S (MHOM/SD/62/1S) promastigotes with IC50 values of 2.01, 9.09, 3.37, and 6.87 μg mL−1, respectively and good selectivity towards Raw 264.7 macrophage cells (SI > 2.4). Extracts, fractions and some isolates were also assessed in vitro for their antibacterial activity against six bacterial strains [Salmonella typhi (CPC), Enterobacter cloacae (CPC), Pseudomonas aeruginosa HM801, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300, Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 491619, Escherichia coli ATCC 25322] using serial microdilution method. Among the tested samples, the stem bark extract of P. butyracea as well as compounds 2 and 8 showed good to moderate activity against the aforementioned bacterial strains with MIC ≤ 250 μg mL−1.
Qualitätsmanagement und vorausschauende Instandhaltung auf der Basis synthetischer Datensätze
Authors: Reuter Thomas , Massalsky Kristin , Hoyer Klaus , Ivanov Georg , Burkhardt Thomas 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFür eine virtuelle Technologieentwicklung steht insbesondere den kleinen und mittelständigen Unternehmen nicht immer die notwendige Datenbasis zur Verfügung. Die Ableitung synthetischer Datensätze auf der hybriden Grundlage von technologischem Expertenwissen sowie mathematischer Modellbildung schafft intelligente Lösungsansätze, mit denen diese fehlende Datenbasis weitestgehend kompensiert werden kann. Anhand eines ausgewählten Bauteils, welches durch das Fertigungsverfahren Innenhochdruck-Umformen (IHU) hergestellt wird, soll in diesem Beitrag eine Methodik zur Realisierung synthetischer Datensätze skizziert und ihre Anwendung im Qualitätsmanagement und in der vorausschauenden Instandhaltung erläutert werde.
Steuerung von Laser-induzierten periodischen Oberflächenstrukturen
Authors: Uhlmann Eckart , Schweitzer Luiz , Schneider Peter , Michel Andre , Hein Christoph 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Laser-induzierte periodische Oberflächenstrukturen (LIPSS) weisen ein hohes Potenzial für Anwendungen in den Bereichen der Oberflächenfunktionalisierung auf. Die Steuerung der Richtung dieser Nanostrukturen kann nur durch Änderung der Laserpolarisation erfolgen. Auf dem Markt gibt es kein System zur automatischen Änderung der LIPSS-Orientierung. Für den industriellen Einsatz ist dies vom Vorteil, um Inhomogenität im Strukturverlauf zu vermeiden. In diesem Beitrag wird eine Systemlösung vorgestellt, indem die Steuerung der Richtung von Nanotexturen ermöglicht wird.
Sichere Werkstückspannung bei der Fräsbearbeitung mit Dreibackenfuttern
Authors: Engelmann Max , Albero Rojas Adrian , Regel Joachim , Dix Martin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDie aktuelle VDI-Richtlinie 3106 bildet auf Basis von Berechnungsmodellen die instruktive Grundlage zur Einstellung einer sicheren Werkstückspannung mittels Dreibackenfutter. In diesem Beitrag werden die Eignung der ursprünglich für die Drehbearbeitung entwickelten Richtlinie für die Fräsbearbeitung experimentell untersucht sowie ausgewählte Einflussparameter der Spannwirkung analysiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen den Handlungsbedarf zur Entwicklung neuartiger, angepasster Berechnungsverfahren auf.
Presencia de hábitos orales en pacientes con maloclusiones de 4 a 14 años, Cali, Colombia
Authors: Mora-Zuluaga Nataly Johanna , Torres-Trujillo Katherine , Aragón Natalia , Soto-Llanos Libia 
Published: October 2021

Introducción: Durante la etapa de crecimiento y desarrollo los hábitos orales de los niños pueden ser causa la presencia de maloclusiones, según la frecuencia, duración e intensidad y tipo de habito. En este contexto, el objetivo de este estudio fue describir la presencia de hábitos orales no fisiológicos y evaluar su relación con los diferentes tipos de maloclusión.
Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, se incluyeron 77 niños entre los 4 y 14 años, de 2018 a 2019. Se realizó un análisis univariado reportando frecuencia y un análisis bivariado para evaluar independencia de las variables aplicando la prueba de Chi2 Pearson.
Resultados: La distribución según el tipo de dentición fue temporal 20,8%, mixta 71,4% y permanente 7,8%. La presencia de hábitos predominó en mujeres. La interposición lingual fue el hábito más frecuente en pacientes con los tres tipos de maloclusión; Seguido del rechinamiento nocturno para pacientes con maloclusión clase I; en pacientes clase II/1 y III la onicofagia. Aquellos con mordida profunda presentaron rechinamiento nocturno en un 16% y los de mordida abierta interposición lingual en un 54,4%.
Conclusiones: Se encontró mayor frecuencia de hábitos orales no fisiológicos en pacientes en dentición mixta. No hubo relación estadística entre los hábitos orales y la presencia de maloclusión.