bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing the Emotion Status of Individuals With MCI to Their Cognitively Normal Counterparts: I-CONECT Project
Authors: Yu Kexin , Wild Katherine , Silbert Lisa , Kaye Jeffrey , Dodge Hiroko 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Socially isolated older adults with MCI are at greater risk of developing ADRD. This study compares the emotional status of older adults with MCI to their cognitively normal counterparts within a socially isolated sample. We used baseline data from the Internet-based Conversational Engagement Clinical Trial (NCT02871921). MCI status was determined according to clinical diagnosis. Three emotion domain scores were calculated: negative affect, social satisfaction, and psychological wellbeing. Linear regressions were conducted for all 17 Emotion Battery measures and 3 domain scores. The 127 participants' mean age was 81.1 (SD=4.6). About 54% were diagnosed with MCI. Older adults with MCI had more negative affect, yet no difference was observed in social satisfaction and psychological wellbeing. Individuals with MCI had higher levels of fear, perceived hostility, perceived stress, sadness, and lower self-efficacy. Better understanding the emotional status could inform the development of behavioral health interventions and early detection of MCI.
Changes in Dementia-Related Behavioral Symptoms Observed by Hospice Staff During COVID-19
Authors: Lin Shih-Yin , Convery Kimberly , Jones Tessa , Durga Aditi , Brody Abraham 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
COVID-19 infection control precautions (e.g., social distancing) and associated isolation and changes to routines can worsen dementia-related behavioral symptoms. A cross-sectional online survey was administered to 101 hospice staff (95% female; mean age 49) to investigate what dementia-related behavioral symptoms in their care recipients had changed from before to after the COVID-19 outbreak. Of the 101 participants, 47 (46.5%) reported changes in symptoms, three (3%) had not been able to physically observe/assess their care recipients, two (2%) reported changes in routines, and 49 (48.5%) reported no changes. The most common changes in symptoms were increased agitation (N=19), depression (N=16), confusion (N=10), and anxiety (N=6). Some participants (N=14) also commented on potential causes, including not having visitors and inability to go outside for normal activities while not understanding why. Interventions to normalize social environments for hospice recipients with dementia are likely imperative to alleviate behavioral symptoms exacerbated by COVID-19-related precautions.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia in Geriatric Primary Care
Authors: Hinrichsen Gregory , Leipzig Rosanne 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Insomnia is common in older adults and may have adverse cognitive, emotional, and physical consequences. Some older people are prescribed sleep medications for insomnia despite longstanding concerns about their use with older people (i.e., BEERS criteria). Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) is highly effective in the treatment for insomnia in adults and older adults. However, most studies of CBT-I in late life have been conducted with individuals younger than 70. This paper discusses four years of experience of providing CBT-I to older people in geriatric primary care, two-thirds of whom were older than 75 years of age. Among the subgroup of 29 individuals who completed a full course of CBT-I, almost all of those who had been on sleep medications discontinued them. Treatment outcomes were large and clinically meaningful. This paper will also describe our experience in providing CBT-I via telehealth because of the COVID pandemic.
Virtual Geriatric Mental Health Care Offered Where Needed Most: An Evaluation of a Telehealth Consultation Model
Authors: Filips Julie , Carlson Chalise , Alfaro Ana , Trevedi Ranak , Savell Anita , Gould Christine 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Many VA facilities serving large rural populations do not have geriatric mental health specialists available to assist with managing the aging Veteran population’s complex medical and behavioral comorbidities. We applied mixed-methods to evaluate an innovative model utilizing a geriatric psychiatrist who provides cross-facility consultation in a 5-state region. During a 3-month period, the consultant completed 135 consults and 20 e-consults to settings ranging from outpatient to long-term care. Leadership stakeholder and provider interviews highlight the importance of the availability of the consultant, collaboration with local care teams, staff education, person-centered approach, and work ethic/passion. The core challenges that the consultant helps manage include complex comorbidities, medication questions, and dementia with behavioral disturbance. Initial provider survey responses (n = 11) show high satisfaction with services (100%) and strong agreement (80%) that providers could follow through with recommendations. Next steps include replication of this model in other VA facilities.
Does Relationship End Precede Cognitive Decline? An Analysis of the Health and Retirement Study
Authors: Hanes Douglas , Clouston Sean 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Relationship status is thought to be associated with cognitive health in older adults, with married persons performing better on memory assessments than unmarried-cohabitating, single, divorced, and widowed persons. However, questions remain about whether relationship termination causes cognitive decline, is a result of it, or whether they share a cause; and the mechanisms by which such a relationship might operate. To address this gap in the literature, we hypothesized that relationship termination could affect cognition via the following five pathways: (1) post-termination depression; (2) loss of distributed-cognition partner; (3) cognitive depletion from caring for partner in declining and ultimately terminal health; (4) divorce to preserve assets to qualify for Medicaid to cover healthcare for cognitive decline; and (5) post-termination changes in neuropsychiatric symptoms alongside a pre-existing neurodegenerative condition that also causes cognitive decline. Using data from the 2000–2016 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS; N = 23,393), we found that relationship termination, whether due to divorce or widowhood, was associated with cognitive decline. Using mixed-effects regression we found that the rate of cognitive decline increased after relationship termination (widowhood: □ = -0.587, p &lt;0.001; divorce: □ = -0.221, p &lt;0.001), supporting mechanism (5). Using HRS data for respondents and their spouses’ mental and physical health, health insurance, and activities of daily living, we also find support for mechanisms (1) and (3). Relationship termination is a critical juncture in a person’s life course that has multiple implications and may, ultimately, worsen patients’ conditions.
Health Effects of Power Loss After Hurricane Irma on Nursing Home Residents in Florida
Authors: Gordon Lily , Skarha Julianne , Sakib Nazmus , June Joseph , Jester Dylan , Peterson Lindsay , Dosa David 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Previous research establishes that hurricanes adversely affect nursing home (NH) resident health but specific causal pathways are still unclear. We combined power outage data with Medicare claims to determine the effects of power loss from Hurricane Irma(2017) among NH residents in Florida. Out of 580 facilities, 289 reported power loss. These facilities had higher star ratings; higher beds counts, and were preferentially in the Southeast region of Florida compared to facilities without outages. There were 27,767 residents living in a NH without power. They were comparable in characteristics to residents that did not lose power (N=26,383). We ran adjusted generalized linear models with robust standard errors, clustering for NH. We found power loss was associated with a trend towards increased odds of mortality within 7-days (OR:1.12, 95% CI:0.96, 1.30) and 30-days (OR:1.10, 95% CI:1.00, 1.21) post-storm, but not with hospitalization. Future research should investigate the time-specific effects of power outages.
Short-Term Fluctuation of Subjective Age and its Correlates: An Ecological Momentary Assessment of Older Adults
Authors: Kornadt Anna , Pauly Theresa , Gerstorf Denis , Kunzmann Ute , Schilling Oliver , Weiss David , Luecke Anna , Wahl Hans-Werner 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We examined short-term fluctuations of subjective age with data obtained from 123 young-old (Mage = 67.19 years) and 47 old-old adults (Mage = 86.59 years) who reported their momentary subjective age six times a day over seven consecutive days as they were going about their everyday lives. Participants felt younger on a large majority of occasions, and 25% of the total variability in subjective age could be attributed to within-person variation. Those with younger trait subjective ages exhibited larger moment-to-moment variation, while chronological age did not impact variability. Furthermore, we investigated relationships between within-day fluctuations of subjective age and daily cortisol fluctuations. Our findings extend the literature on subjective age by showing that how old people feel can vary on a momentary basis, that state and trait components of subjective age are related, and that fluctuations in subjective age are related to biomarkers of stress.
Longitudinal Relations Between Views on Aging and Perceived Stress: Evidence for Mutual Associations
Authors: Wahl Hans-Werner , Kornadt Anna , Wettstein Markus 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We investigated the reciprocal longitudinal relation between perceived stress and three established domains of views on aging (VoA): (1) subjective age; (2) attitude toward own aging [ATOA]; and (3) aging-related cognitions including social loss, physical decline, and continuous growth. We also examined the potentially moderating role of chronological age. Data of the German Ageing Survey, comprising two measurement occasions (2014 and 2017) and a sample of 4,588 individuals aged between 40 and 95 years, were analyzed. Controlling for socio-demographic and health-related indicators, cross-lagged models indicated mutual longitudinal relations between VoA and stress. Whether the pathway from stress to VoA or the opposite pathway was stronger varied depending on the VoA considered. With increasing age, most VoA domains were less strongly associated with subsequent perceived stress. Our findings suggest that less favorable VoA predict higher perceived subsequent stress, but they are also preceded and predicted by higher levels of perceived stress.
No Historical Change in Views on Aging and Their Correlates: Emerging Evidence From Germany and the United States
Authors: Wahl Hans-Werner , Drewelies Johanna , Duezel Sandra , Lachman Margie , Smith Jacqui , Ram Nilam , Lindenberger Ulman , Gerstorf Denis 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
To examine historical changes in views on aging, we compared matched cohorts of older adults within two independent studies that assessed differences across a two-decade interval, the Berlin Aging Studies (BASE, 1990/93 vs. 2017/18, each n = 256, Mage = 77) and the Midlife in the United States Study (MIDUS, 1995/96 vs. 2013/14, each n = 848, Mage = 67). Consistent across four different dimensions of individuals’ subjective views on aging (age felt, age appeared, desired age, attitudes towards own aging) in the Berlin Aging Studies and corroborated with subjective age felt in the MIDUS, there was no evidence whatsoever that older adults of today have more favorable views on how they age than older adults did two decades ago. We discuss reasons for our findings, including the possibility that individual age views may have become increasingly decoupled from societal age views.
Where's the Bar? Alcohol and Meaningful Engagement Among Assisted Living Residents With Dementia
Authors: Bender Alexis , Kemp Candace , Burgess Elisabeth 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Alcohol use across the life course provides some physical and psychological benefits when used in moderation. As a social model of care, assisted living (AL) communities emphasize autonomy; yet, we do not know how this philosophy extends to drinking. Using ethnographic and interview data from a larger 5-year NIA-funded study in four diverse AL communities designed to identify best practices for the meaningful engagement of AL residents with dementia, we examine how residents, families, and staff interpret residents’ rights about alcohol use and how staff and families facilitate or limit alcohol use of residents with dementia. Findings indicate staff and families frequently rely on a narrative of “watchful oversight” to limit or restrict alcohol consumption while simultaneously affirming the social connection of drinking (e.g., alcohol-free socials). We discuss the implications of our findings for research and practice aimed at promoting meaningful engagement and quality of life among persons with dementia.
Psychological Resilience, Stress, and Pain: The Moderating Role of Positive Affect and Well-Being
Authors: Morais Calia , Robinson Michael , Fillingim Roger , Bartley Emily 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Chronic low back pain is the leading cause of disability among older adults. The impact of psychological factors, including high levels of stress, are associated with increased risk for pain. Despite the growing evidence suggesting that psychological well-being is associated with better health outcomes, limited research has examined positive psychological factors in the context of pain among older adults. In this secondary data analyses of we examined the association of perceived stress on pain and physical functioning, and the moderating role of positive affect and well-being (PAW) on these relationships. A total of 60 adults over the age of 60 completed completed questionnaires assessing perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale) and positive affect and well-being (Neuro-QOL PAW). The Back Performance Scale measured back-related physical functioning and movement-evoked pain. We hypothesized that PAW would be inversely associated with pain outcomes and would moderate the relationship between perceived stress and pain. Bivariate correlations assessed the association between study variables, while the interaction of PAW and perceived stress was examined via linear regression. Age (r=.30), income (r=.28), and being married (r=.32) were associated with higher PAW scores, while there was an inverse association with movement-evoked pain (r=-.28). After controlling for demographic covariates, moderation analysis revealed that higher levels of perceived stress were associated with poorer physical functioning, but only among those with lower positive affect and well-being (b=0.14). As seen, examining the influence of positive psychological functioning on pain-related outcomes has important clinical implications that may promote positive pain adaptation in this population.
Leveraging Disruptions to Create an Equitable, Age-Friendly, Learning Health System
Authors: Prusaczyk Beth , Lenze Eric , Carpenter Brian , Morrow-Howell Nancy 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In a learning health system, the system’s own data and the experiences of its workforce are integrated with external evidence to provide better care. In an age-friendly health system, core principles of age-friendly care are integrated into every point in the system. Disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, and the innovations that addressed them, present an opportunity to discuss how these two frameworks may be combined and leveraged to transform care for older adults. We will present examples of pandemic-related disruptions, including rapid changes in how patients and providers move within and between facilities and the significant toll on healthcare workers’ mental health. We will also highlight innovative solutions to these disruptions that could transform healthcare systems. Critical to these points is a discussion of how these disruptions have disproportionately impacted healthcare workers and patients of color and how the innovations must be implemented using an anti-racist, health equity lens.
Lessons From Disruption: A New Normal for Families and Care Partners
Authors: Fields Beth 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
COVID-19 has forced community-dwelling older adults to rely on family members and care partners more than ever before for support. Often at the expense of their own health and well-being, family members and care partners help older adults manage physical and psychosocial needs, navigate a complex, ever-changing healthcare system, and follow public health guidelines. Given the increasing demands and poor outcomes, there is no better time than now to develop policies and practices that better recognize and support family members and care partners of older adults. To inform policy and practice development, this symposium will present findings from a literature review of peer-reviewed studies published from 2019 through 2021 that identifies and addresses challenges and opportunities related to caregiving for an older adult in a pandemic. The experiences of the past year demonstrate that the new normal needs to recognize and support family members and care partners.
Re-Envisioning Aging in the Right Place to Disrupt Homelessness for Older People
Authors: Weldrick Rachel , Canham Sarah , Weil Joyce 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Recent developments in the aging-in-place literature have recognized the significance of aging-in-the-right-place. That is, aging in a place that supports an individual’s unique values, vulnerabilities, and lifestyles. This symposium will build upon existing research by critically examining the potential for older persons with experiences of homelessness (OPEH) and/or housing insecurity to age-in-the-right-place. Presenters will include interdisciplinary researchers with a diversity of perspectives stemming from gerontology, social work, and environmental design. The symposium will begin with Weldrick and Canham presenting a conceptual framework for aging-in-the-right-place that has been developed to outline indicators relevant to OPEH and housing-insecure older people. Elkes and Mahmood will then discuss findings from a study of service providers working with OPEH to consider the relative benefits and challenges of temporary housing programs. Following, Brais and colleagues will present findings from an environmental audit, developed as a novel assessment tool to evaluate the accessibility and physical design of housing programs for OPEH. A final presentation by Kaushik and Walsh will highlight findings from a photovoice study on perspectives of aging-in-the-right place among OPEH during the Covid-19 pandemic. Joyce Weil, an expert in measurement of person-place fit and life course inequalities, will discuss the implications of these papers and reflect on the potential for the aging-in-the-right-place framework to address the diverse needs of the growing population of OPEH through policy and practice. Together, the participants of the symposium will advance this emerging scholarship using a wide range of methods and perspectives.
Aging in the Right Place: A Conceptual Framework for Housing Insecure Older People
Authors: Weldrick Rachel , Canham Sarah , Mahmood Atiya , Sussman Tamara , Walsh Christine 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Emerging research has highlighted the significance of aging in the right place (AIRP) by recognizing that secure and optimal housing should support an individual’s unique vulnerabilities and lifestyles. Existing literature, however, has yet to consider what it means for older people experiencing homelessness and/or housing insecurity to age-in-the-right-place. In order to address this knowledge gap, a review of person-environment fit models for older people and other relevant literature was conducted to determine critical identifiers of AIRP for housing insecure older people. Findings from this literature review were then refined in collaboration with interdisciplinary scholars and community partners to establish a conceptual framework. This paper presents the resulting conceptual framework and outlines the key indicators of AIRP relevant to housing insecure older people. The proposed framework provides a practical and meaningful contribution to the literature which can be used to promote housing security among individuals often excluded from existing aging-in-place models.
Trends in Leisure-Time Activity Participation Among Young-Old Adults in China
Authors: Zhang Wei , Feng Qiushi , Chen Huashuai 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Engagement of leisure activities is highly associated with health and wellbeing in later life. In this study, we examined the trends of leisure activity engagement in young-old adults aged 65–74 in China for a 16-year period. Panel data for a nationally representative sample of young-old adults were obtained from the 2002–2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. Findings revealed that, compared with 2002, young-old adults in subsequent years were less likely to engage in any form of social leisure activity. The odds of participating in social events, regular exercise, and outdoor activities decreased most prominently over time, while downward trends in tourism and joining outdoor activities showed signs of reversal post-2014. In contrast, trends for engaging in home-bound and solitary leisure activities generally increased. The future elderly in China have generally tended towards solitary leisure activities over time and public health interventions are required to reverse such trends.
Social Participation Patterns and Well-Being Among Older Adults: Findings From the United States, the UK, and China
Authors: Tan Chenxin , Zhou Yun , Wu Bei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study used Latent Class Analysis to examine patterns of social participation among older adults in the US, the UK, and China, from the three nationally representative surveys conducted in 2018-2019: The Health and Retirement Study, the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, and the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Although the profiles of social participation were distinctively different, several common patterns were found: Comprehensive Participants, Occasional Participants, and Deficient Participants. It was estimated that less than 10% of older adults from these countries were extensively engaged in social participation. Seventy-seven percent of Chinese older adults were shown being “Deficient Participants”, and the percentages were 29% and 20% in the US and the UK, respectively. The findings showed positive associations of levels of participation with socioeconomic status and health. The magnitudes of these associations varied across the nations. Actions are needed to promote levels of participation for Chinese older adults.
Social Isolation, Resilience, and Psychological Well-Being in Older Chinese Americans
Authors: Qi Xiang , Zhang Wei , Wang Katherine , Pei Yaolin , Wu Bei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Using data collected in 2018 on 398 older Chinese Americans aged 55+ residing in Hawaii, we examined the associations of social isolation with psychological well-being and the mediating role of resilience. Social isolation was measured by their marital status, living arrangement, contact with children/family/friends, and participation in social activities. Psychological well-being was measured by psychological distress, life satisfaction, and happiness. Results from multivariate linear regressions and ordered logistic regressions showed social isolation was positively associated with psychological distress (β=0.017, p&lt;0.05), and negatively associated with life satisfaction (β=-0.220, p&lt;0.001) and happiness (β=-0.086, p&lt;0.05) . By contrast, resilience was associated with lower psychological distress and higher life satisfaction and happiness. Moreover, mediation analysis showed that resilience contributed to 32% of the association between social isolation and psychological distress, 24.9% of the association between social isolation and life satisfaction, and 16.3% of the association between social isolation and happiness.