bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circulating anti-citrullinated protein antibodies containing secretory component are prognostic for arthritis onset in at-risk patients
Authors: Roos Ljungberg K , Martinsson K , Wetterö J , Svärd A , Kastbom A 
Published: March 2021

Summary
Autoantibodies related to rheumatoid arthritis (RA), such as anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA), are often detectable in the preclinical period years before arthritis onset. However, events triggering arthritis development remain incompletely known. We aimed to determine whether ACPA isotype levels are prognostic for arthritis development in patients presenting with immunoglobulin (Ig)G ACPA and musculoskeletal pain. Study participants (n = 82) had musculoskeletal pain of any sort and duration and a positive IgG ACPA test. None of the patients had arthritis upon clinical examination at baseline, but during follow-up (mean = 6 years), 48% developed at least one arthritic joint. IgG, IgA, IgM and secretory component (SC)-containing ACPA was measured in longitudinally collected serum samples. Cox regression analysis was performed to test the prognostic value of baseline antibody levels and changes over time. All analysed ACPA isotype levels were associated with arthritis development in univariable Cox regression analysis. In multivariable analysis, baseline SC ACPA levels were independently prognostic for arthritis development in multivariable analysis [hazard ratio (HR) = 1·006, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1·001–1·010, P = 0·012]. There were no significant changes in ACPA isotype levels over time, and no significant association between changes over time and arthritis development. In this prospective longitudinal study, baseline serum SC ACPA levels, but neither IgG, IgA nor IgM ACPA are prognostic for future arthritis development. Repeated measurement of ACPA isotypes do not bring additional prognostic value. The results reinforce a mucosal connection in RA development and encourage further exploration of the mechanisms underlying secretory ACPA formation as a trigger for arthritis development.
Effects of physical activity on cell‐to‐cell communication during type 2 diabetes: A focus on miRNA signaling
Authors: Foudi Nabil , Legeay Samuel 
Published: March 2021

AbstractType 2 diabetes (TD2) is a progressive disease characterized by hyperglycemia that results from alteration in insulin secretion, insulin resistance, or both. A number of alterations involving different tissues and organs have been reported to the development and the progression of T2D, and more relevantly, through cell‐to‐cell communication pathways. Recent studies demonstrated that miRNAs are considerably implicated to cell‐to‐cell communication during T2D. Physical activity (PA) is associated with decreasing risks of developing T2D and acts as insulin‐like factor. Cumulative evidence suggests that this effect could be mediated in part through improving insulin sensitivity in T2D and obese patients and modulating miRNAs synthesis and release in healthy patients. Therefore, the practice of PA should ideally be established before the initiation of T2D. This review describes cell‐to‐cell communications involved in the pathophysiology of T2D during PA.
The environment drives Atlantic bluefin tuna availability in the Gulf of Lions
Authors: Rouyer Tristan , Bonhommeau Sylvain , Bal Guilaume , Derridj Olivier , Fromentin Jean‐Marc 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAtlantic bluefin tuna (ABFT) is a migratory species whose exploitation is affected by its migratory behaviour. ABFT can be found the whole year round in the Gulf of Lions (GoL), with the exception of the May/June/July spawning season. The date at which ABFT fishing resumes in the GoL after spawning is variable and affects both the summer longline fishery and the local aerial survey used to derive a fisheries‐independent index of abundance used in the stock assessment. We investigated whether environmental conditions could explain inter‐annual variability in ABFT availability in the GoL. We focused on Sea surface temperature (SST) and northern wind events looking at changes in the ABFT summer longline fishery start date and quota completion date. Years with weaker northern wind events displayed a higher SST and were associated with a delay in ABFT catch by up to more than one month, whereas the bulk of the catch was completed earlier. A scale‐dependent analysis of the densities of ABFT schools detected during the aerial survey show consistent associations between the short‐term fluctuations in northern wind and SST and the densities of ABFT schools detected. When considering the trends these effects appeared reversed, higher SST and weaker northern wind being associated with an increase in ABFT school density. The implication of these results on the aerial survey and for the exploitation and conservation of ABFT are discussed in the light of the literature on its migratory behaviour in the context of climate change.
Concurrent and modulated separation of CO2 and O2 by a fluorite/perovskite‐based membrane
Authors: Fabián‐Anguiano José Artemio , Ortega‐Lugo Rubén , Ramírez‐Moreno Margarita Judith , Zeifert Beatriz , Gómez‐Yáñez Carlos , Ortiz‐Landeros José 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this paper, it is reported the fabrication of a new dense ceramic‐molten carbonate membrane used for the selective separation of carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O2) at elevated temperatures (850‐950°C). First, it was chemically synthesized a fluorite/perovskite ceramic oxide with mixed ionic‐electronic conduction properties and general formula Ce0.9Pr0.1O2‐δ/Pr0.6Sr0.4Fe0.5Co0.5O3‐δ (CP‐PSFC, 60:40 wt%) by the citrate‐ethylene‐diamine‐tetra acetic acid (EDTA) route. Then, a disk‐shaped porous ceramic support partially sintered was infiltrated with a ternary mixture of molten salts of Li2CO3/Na2CO3/K2CO3 composition. The permeation measurements at high temperatures suggest a concurrent separation of both species CO2 and O2. The system exhibits high permeance of CO2 and O2 by rising to maximum values of 2.17 × 10−7 and 0.69 × 10−7 mol m−2 s−1 Pa−1, respectively at 950°C. Moreover, the possibility of modulating the permeate CO2:O2 ratio is envisaged by changing the fluorite to perovskite proportion in the membrane composition. The stability performance of the obtained membrane was studied under a long‐term permeation test. It exhibits a remarkable thermal and chemical stability during 110 h at 875°C. This way, it corroborated the proposed new ceramic phase's excellent properties for the fabrication of supported ceramic‐molten carbonate membranes.
Systematic review: Accuracy of the enhanced liver fibrosis test for diagnosing advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis
Authors: Sharma Chetanya , Cococcia Sara , Ellis Nicola , Parkes Julie , Rosenberg William 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsThe rising incidence of chronic liver disease (CLD) has increased the need for early recognition. This systematic review assesses the diagnostic accuracy of the enhanced liver fibrosis (ELF) test in cases of advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis due to multiple etiologies in at‐risk populations.MethodsStudies evaluating the ELF accuracy in identifying advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis, defined as METAVIR stage F ≥ 3 and F = 4 or equivalent, in patients with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcohol liver disease (ALD), or viral hepatitis were included. Liver biopsy was used as the reference standard. Medline and Embase databases were searched. The QUADAS‐2 tool was used as a framework to assess risk of bias and applicability. The area under the receiver operator curve (AUROC) was extracted as a summary measure of diagnostic accuracy.ResultsThirty‐six studies were included: 11 hepatitis C, 4 hepatitis B, 9 NAFLD, 2 ALD, and 10 mixed. The ELF test showed good diagnostic performance in detecting advanced fibrosis in patients with viral hepatitis (AUROC 0.69 to 0.98) and excellent performance in NAFLD (AUROC 0.78 to 0.97) and ALD (AUROC from 0.92 to 0.94). There is also evidence of good diagnostic performance for detecting cirrhosis in patients with viral hepatitis (AUROC 0.63 to 0.99), good performance in NAFLD (AUROC 0.85 to 0.92), and excellent performance in patients with ALD (AUROC 0.93 to 0.94).ConclusionThis systematic review supports the use of the ELF test across a range of CLD as a possible alternative to liver biopsy in selected cases.
Rural/urban differences in discharge from rehabilitation in older adults with traumatic brain injury
Authors: Anderson Marie C. , Evans Emily , Zonfrillo Mark R. , Thomas Kali S. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesRates of traumatic brain injury (TBI) among older adults and treatment of this population in nursing homes are increasing. The objective of this study is to examine differences in the quality of care and outcomes of older adults with TBI in rural and urban settings by (1) comparing the rates of successful community discharge; and (2) reasons for not achieving successful discharge among patients in rural and urban environments.DesignRetrospective national cohort study of skilled nursing facility (SNF) patients using Medicare inpatient claims linked with Minimum Data Set assessments. Demographic, health, and facility characteristics were compared between rural and urban settings using descriptive statistics. Logistic regression with state random effects was used to identify characteristics that predicted successful discharge.SettingU.S. skilled nursing facilities (n = 11,771).ParticipantsMedicare beneficiaries aged 66 and older discharged to a SNF following hospitalization for TBI between 2011 and 2015 (n = 61,021).MeasurementsSuccessful community discharge defined as discharge from SNF within 100 days of admission and remaining in the community for ≥30 days without dying or admission to an inpatient healthcare facility.ResultsUnadjusted rates of successful discharge were significantly lower for patients in rural settings compared with patients in urban settings (52.1% vs 58.5%, p < 0.01). Patients in rural settings had lower adjusted odds (odds ratio 0.84, 95% confidence interval = 0.80–0.89) of successful discharge. Reasons for not discharging successfully differed between rural and urban settings with rural patients less likely to discharge from SNF within 100 days though also less likely to be rehospitalized within 30 days of SNF discharge.ConclusionGiven the low overall rate of successful community discharge and worse outcomes among rural patients, further research to explore interventions to improve SNF care and discharge planning in this population is warranted.
Long‐term individual and population functional outcomes in older adults with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Parks Anna L. , Jeon Sun Y. , Boscardin W. John , Steinman Michael A. , Smith Alexander K. , Fang Margaret C. , Shah Sachin J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundOlder adults with atrial fibrillation (AF) have multiple risk factors for disablement. Long‐term function and the contribution of strokes to disability have not been previously characterized. Our objective was to determine long‐term function among older adults with AF and the relative contribution of stroke.MethodsWe used data from the nationally representative Health and Retirement Study (1992–2014) with participants ≥65 years with incident AF. We examined the association of incident stroke with three outcomes: independence with activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and residence outside a nursing home (community‐dwelling). We fit logistic regression models with repeated measures adjusting for comorbidities and demographics to estimate the effect of stroke on function. We estimated the contribution of strokes to the overall population burden of disability using the method of recycled predictions.ResultsAmong 3530 participants (median age 79 years, 53% women), 262 had a stroke over 17,396 person‐years. Independent of stroke and accounting for comorbidities, annually, ADL independence decreased by 4.4%, IADL independence decreased by 3.9%, and community dwelling decreased by 1.2% (p < 0.05 for all). Accounting for comorbidities, of those who experienced a stroke, 31.9% developed new ADL dependence, 26.5% developed new IADL dependence, and 8.6% newly moved to a nursing home (p < 0.05 for all). Considering all causes of function loss, 1.7% of ADL disability‐years, 1.2% of IADL disability‐years, and 7.3% of nursing home years could be attributed to stroke over 7.4 years.ConclusionOlder adults lose substantial function over time following AF diagnosis, independent of stroke. Stroke was associated with a significant functional decline and increase in the likelihood of nursing home move, but stroke did not accelerate subsequent disability accrual. Because of the high background rate of disability, stroke was not the dominant determinant of population‐level disability in older adults with AF.
Lost in Translation: The Improbable Task of Rendering Esoteric Jewish Mystical Works into English
Authors: Kiener Ronald C. 
Published: March 2021

In this paper, I propose that we are in the midst of an English language “translation movement” targeting historic texts of Kabbalah. This translation project is a distinctive feature of recent American Jewish culture, beginning in the 1970s and continuing to this day. It has both a scholarly and evangelistic component. As a result, a not insubstantial library of heretofore inaccessible material has been made available to a general English-reading audience, making it possible to offer the English reader a gamut of primary texts in translation.
I then consider some of the technical features of translating esoteric Kabbalah into English. I situate the key feature of esoteric aura which drips from such texts within George Steiner’s “hermeneutic motion.” I conclude that the only proven recourse for conveying the meaning of translated esoteric texts is through copious use of glosses and learned textual notes.
Is Matter the Same as Its Potency? Some Fourteenth-Century Answers
Authors: Friedman Russell L. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Is prime matter the same as its potency (potentia), its readiness to take on the entire gamut of corporeal substantial forms? This question, arising from a passage in Averroes, lies at the core of later medieval hylomorphism and was hotly debated. The present article looks at three answers to the question by figures from the first half of the fourteenth century: Gerald Ot who takes a Scotistic approach to the issue, John of Jandun and Peter Auriol taking an Averroan tack, and John Buridan with a nominalistic outlook. The discussion reveals a diversity of positions on the nature of potency and its relation to actuality, and in the case of Buridan an unusual view at the heart of his matter theory: the direct inherence of accidental forms in prime matter.
State-Level Health Care Expenditures Associated With Disability
Authors: Khavjou Olga A. , Anderson Wayne L. , Honeycutt Amanda A. , Bates Laurel G. , Hollis NaTasha D. , Grosse Scott D. , Razzaghi Hilda 
Published: March 2021

Objective Given the growth in national disability-associated health care expenditures (DAHE) and the changes in health insurance–specific DAHE distribution, updated estimates of state-level DAHE are needed. The objective of this study was to update state-level estimates of DAHE. Methods We combined data from the 2013-2015 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, 2013-2015 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, and 2014 National Health Expenditure Accounts to calculate state-level DAHE for US adults in total, per adult, and per (adult) person with disability (PWD). We adjusted expenditures to 2017 prices and assessed changes in DAHE from 2003 to 2015. Results In 2015, DAHE were $868 billion nationally (range, $1.4 billion in Wyoming to $102.8 billion in California) accounting for 36% of total health care expenditures (range, 29%-41%). From 2003 to 2015, total DAHE increased by 65% (range, 35%-125%). In 2015, DAHE per PWD were highest in the District of Columbia ($27 839) and lowest in Alabama ($12 603). From 2003 to 2015, per-PWD DAHE increased by 13% (range, −20% to 61%) and per-capita DAHE increased by 28% (range, 7%-84%). In 2015, Medicare DAHE per PWD ranged from $10 067 in Alaska to $18 768 in New Jersey. Medicaid DAHE per PWD ranged from $9825 in Nevada to $43 365 in the District of Columbia. Nonpublic–health insurer per-PWD DAHE ranged from $7641 in Arkansas to $18 796 in Alaska. Conclusion DAHE are substantial and vary by state. The public sector largely supports the health care costs of people with disabilities. State policy makers and other stakeholders can use these results to inform the development of public health programs that support and provide ongoing health care to people with disabilities.
Feasibility, effectiveness and patient satisfaction of telerehabilitation after thumb carpometacarpal arthroplasty and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty: A pilot study
Authors: Palm Kerstin B , Blazar Philip E , Manna James C , Serig Angela S , Phillips Eric A , Bay Camden P , Casey Elizabeth J , Earp Brandon E 
Published: March 2021

Introduction Telemedicine is an effective, emerging interface to connect practitioners with patients. It facilitates access to healthcare expertise, reduces costs, time demands and health disparities while improving satisfaction. This pilot study evaluated the feasibility, effectiveness and patient satisfaction of telerehabilitation for thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) arthroplasty and reverse shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA). Methods This prospective investigation was performed at a single academic institution with two hand and upper extremity fellowship-trained orthopaedic surgeons. All patients undergoing CMC arthroplasty or rTSA were eligible for inclusion. Telerehabilitation was delivered by a hybrid model including an in-person post-operative visit, followed by alternating in-clinic and virtual videoconference visits. All patients were offered participation in the study arm; those that preferred in-person therapy were included as a control group. Therapy was initiated two weeks post-operative with an in-clinic evaluation. Patients then participated in alternating in-clinic and virtual visits weekly for eight weeks, followed by one virtual visit at 14-weeks post-operative and one clinical visit at 16-weeks post-operative. Patient reported and functional outcomes were collected at each visit. Results In the CMC group, 19 study and 11 control patients were enrolled. In the rTSA group, five study and 14 control patients were enrolled. No statistically significant differences between telerehabilitation and control for range-of-motion, pain and patient-reported functional outcomes was noted. All patients in the telerehabilitation arms reported high satisfaction. Discussion Utilizing telehealth in rehabilitation may be a viable option in upper extremity recovery. We hope this pilot programme can be a model for development of future telerehabilitation programmes.
Comparison of biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and microvascular endothelial function in patients with primary aldosteronism and essential hypertension
Authors: Sang Miaomiao , Fu Yu , Wei Chenmin , Yang Jing , Qiu Xueting , Ma Jingqing , Qin Chao , Wu Feiyan , Zhou Xueling , Yang Tao , Sun Min 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Studies have shown that primary aldosteronism (PA) has a higher risk of cardiovascular events than essential hypertension (EH). Endothelial dysfunction is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events. Whether PA and EH differ in the endothelial dysfunction is uncertain. Our study was designed to investigate the levels of biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction (Asymmetric dimethylarginine, ADMA; E-selectin, and Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, PAI-1) and assess the microvascular endothelial function in patients with PA and EH, respectively. Methods: The biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Microvascular endothelial function was evaluated by Pulse amplitude tonometry (PAT). Results: Thirty-one subjects with EH and 36 subjects with PA including 22 with aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and 14 with idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA) were enrolled in our study. The ADMA levels among the three groups were different (APA 47.83 (27.50, 87.74) ng/ml vs EH 25.08 (22.44, 39.79) ng/ml vs IHA 26.00 (22.23, 33.75) ng/ml; p = 0.04), however, when the APA group was compared with EH and IHA group, there was no statistical significance (47.83 (27.50, 87.74) ng/ml vs 25.08 (22.44, 39.79) ng/ml for EH, p = 0.11; 47.83 (27.50, 87.74) ng/ml vs IHA 26.00 (33.75) ng/ml, p = 0.07). The results of ADMA levels are presented as Median (p25, p75). Whereas, levels of PAI-1 and E-selectin, microvascular endothelial function were not significantly different between PA and EH subjects. Conclusions: Our study shows no significant differences between PA and EH in terms of biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and microvascular endothelial function. The microvascular endothelial function of PA and EH patients is comparable.
Flow-related posterior cerebral artery aneurysms with internal carotid artery occlusions: An institutional series
Authors: Butt Waleed , Malik Luqman , Dhillon Permesh Singh , McConachie Norman 
Published: March 2021

Background Aneurysm formation after internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion has been described in animal models and human case series with alteration of cerebral blood flow dynamics considered an aetiological risk factor. Such de novo aneurysms have seldom been described in the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) with the majority observed in the anterior circulation collateral pathways. Methods We retrospectively reviewed our institutional database of posterior circulation aneurysms in patients with iatrogenic, atherosclerotic or congenital ICA occlusions. A comprehensive review of the online literature using the PubMed and Medline databases was performed to identify previous cases of PCA aneurysms that were considered ‘flow-related’. Results We present five patients with symptomatic or ruptured PCA aneurysms with ICA occlusions. Age at presentation ranged from 21-58 and aneurysm size from 3–12 mm. All cases had angiographic evidence of posterior-anterior flow via the ipsilateral posterior communicating artery (PComA). The clinical presentation, diagnostic imaging and management strategies are further discussed. A literature review identified only two previous reported cases. Conclusion To our knowledge this is the first single centre series of posterior circulation aneurysms in patients with ICA occlusions that are considered to be ‘flow-related.’ The natural history of these rare lesions is unclear and the best management and surveillance strategy requires a patient-tailored approach by an experienced neurovascular team.