bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Problem Solving Dan Problem Posing di Tinjau Dari Cara Berfikir Kreatif Matematika Di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Nugroho Teguh Adi , Anugraheni Indri 
Published: April 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas pembelajaran model problem solving dan problem posing di tinjau dari cara berfikir kreatif matematika sekolah dasar. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah eksperimen. Teknik Pengumpulan data yaitu dengan observasi dan dilakukan uji soal tes pretest dan uji soal tes posttest. Teknik analisis data dengan uji normalitas dan uji homogenitas. Dari data yang telah di sajikan pada tabel diatas dapat diketahui bahwa nilai rata-rata pretest kelas eksperimen adalah 66,40 dengan standar deviation 8,562 dengan menggunakan model problem posing nilai rata-rata meningkat menjadi 75,03 dengan standar deviation 5,988. Pada kelas kontrol di ketahui bahwa nilai rata-rata pretes kelas kontrol adalah 68,83 dengan standar deviation 7.614. kemudian diberikan dengan menggunakan problem solving nilai meningkat menjadi 80.25 dengan standar deviation 7.085. Hal ini dapat di simpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran problem posing lebih efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berfikir kreatif matematika siswa dibandingkan dengan model pembelajaran problem solving.
Meta Analisis Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Numbered Head Together terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Kelas V Tematik Muatan Pembelajaran Matematika
Authors: Surya putra Pangestu Bagas , Rahayu Theresia Sri 
Published: April 2021

Pembelajaraan tematik lebih cenderung melibatkan siswa secara mental dan fisik dalam kegiatan pembelajaraan di kelas. Sesuai dengan hakikat matematika, salah satu keterampilan yang diperlukan untuk menyelesaikan masalah di sekolah dan kehidupan sehari-hari dalam proses pembelajaran matematika adalah keterampilan kerja sama. Menggunakan model atau metode pembelajaran yang benar dapat memberikan siswa ketrampilan kerjasama yang baik dan antusias. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh antara model pembelajaran NHT dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif pada siswa sekolah dasar. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian meta analisis, Teknik yang telah digunakan adalah analisis teknik Effect Size dengan rumus effect size.Dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukan hasil model pembelajaran Numbered Head Together (NHT) dengan rata-rata 13.185. Dilihat dari hasil uji-T memperlihatkan bahwa model pembelajaran NHT dengan nilai sebesar 66.1160 meningkat menjadi 79.3010. Dari hasil penghitungan hipotesis penggunaan uji-T dengan menggunakan SPSS menunjukan nilai signitifikan sebesar 0,003 yang berarti lebih kecil dari 0,005 (0,003<0,005) uji SPSS membuktikan Thitung>T table sebesar 4.134 dan T table sebesar 3.189 menunjukan bahwa 4.234>3.289 dan signitifikasinya 0,003<0,005 menunjukan bahwa Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Dari model tersebut bahwa terdapat peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa sekolah dasar.
Neogene Vertebrate Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Nepal
Authors: West Robert M. , Munthe Jens 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
For the past 150 years, the Siwalik Group, a Miocene through Pleistocene molasse along the flank of the Himalaya has been studied intensively stratigraphically and paleontologically in both India and Pakistan. This work recently has been extended into Nepal, where a presumably complete Siwalik section is present, and a modest number of vertebrate fossils have been found. All but one of Nepalese Siwalik vertebrates hare been collected along the southern edge of the Dang Valley in western Nepal. Two assemblages are now known. The older is of presumed Miocene age and likely equivalent to the fauna of the Chinji Formation in Pakistan. The other is of late Pliocene to early Pleistocene age and similar to the Indian Pinjor fauna.
In addition, Plio-Pleistocene vertebrates have been reported from fluvial intermontane deposits in the Kathmandu Valley.
As studies of radiometric dating, magnetostratigraphy, physical stratigraphy and fossil distributions are extended into Nepal, the place of the Nepalese Siwaliks and basin deposits will become increasingly clear.
Geology and structure of the main central thrust zone of the annapurna range, central Nepal Himalayas
Authors: Kano Takashi 
Published: April 2021

The present paper describes the geology, structure, tectonic history and petrographical feature of lithologic constituents of the region around (MCT) zone. The report area is lithologically divided into four geologic units; the Midland zone, the MCT zone, the himalayan gneiss zone and the Tibetan Tethys zone. The MCT zone is distinguished by the lower augen gneiss zone, (MCT-2) and the upper thrust fault (MCT-1).
Three stages of deformations are recognized in the area: the first, the two sets of widespread foldings with striation-like forms, which are comparable to the southwards thrusting of MCT; and the third, latest upwards movement of the Higher Himalayas. Mode of occurrence and petrographical feature of augen gneisses suggest close genetical relations with the movements of MCT and/or the activity of younger turmaline granites.
Terrace landforms and quaternary deposit arounf Pokhara Valley, central Nepal
Authors: Yamanaka Hidetsugu , Yoshida Mitsuo , Arrita Kazunori 
Published: April 2021

The Pokhara Valley, a typical intramontane basin in the Nepal Himalayas, is spread around the midstream of the Seti Khola. It is filled with a large volume of gravelly deposits brought mostly from the Annapurna Himal, and splendid river terraces are present. Thus the Pokhara Valley is endowed with excellent conditions for the Quaternary chronological study of the Himalayas.
Quaternary deposits in the valley are divided into nine stratigraphic units. Among them, the Ghachok and Pokhara Formations are most prominent, forming conspicuous accumulation terraces named the Pokhara and Ghachok Terraces. So far these accumulations were cosidered to have taken place during the glacial ages. In this study, however, the Pokhara Formation was dated by radiocarbon method to prove that the accumulation occurred in the late Holocene.
Hagen (1969) considered that the Pokhara Valley, as well as the Kathmandu Valley, was once occupied by a single huge lake, and his hypothesis has many followers in spite of Gurung (1970)'s refutation. According to the present study, however only marginal lakes were formed due to damming of tributaries, and the possibility of the existance of a single huge lake in the Pokhara Valley is ruled out.
Geodetic surveying in Nepal
Authors: Yokoyama Kotaro , Omura Makoto 
Published: April 2021

In 1980, one quadrilateral base line and two levelling lines were set at Dana and Kerabari, central Nepal. For the determination of fault movements along M.C.T. and M.B.F. repeated surveying was planned. In this paper disposition of surveyed points and the results of the first survey are reported. The next survey is scheduled in 1984.
Geophysical investigation for Copper-Sulphide ore at Dhusa, Nepal
Authors: Bajracharya R. B. 
Published: April 2021

Self-Potential, Induced Polarisation and Magnetic Surveys conducted in an anomalous zone delineated by preliminary to advanced stages of geochemical exploration showed good correlation with the geochemical anomaly. SP and IP survey conducted have a very limited depth of investigation. Qualitative interpretation of SP curves clearly indicated the existence of two faults, whereas combined results of SP and IP showed weathered and "deep­ seated" (30m) polarizable body. The magnetic survey did not give any significant result.
Three bore holes drilled in the best geophysical, geochemical anomaly zone intersected mineralization of chalcopyrite chalcocite and pyrite with an average grade of 0.17% Cu over 38m true thickness. The post drilling IP and resistivity sounding conducted at 10 points along a line passing through one of the drill holes indicated the possibility of better mineralization further down dip. The mineralization is expected to be present in the form of lenses.
Topological optimization of the plate
Authors: Shmukler Valery , Lugchenko Olena , Nazhem Ali 
Published: April 2021

The paper provides the procedure of forward-engineering (intelligent) plate design. This technology is an exclusive modification of topological (bionic) optimization. It is based on the new energy principles and the algorithms for successive construction of geometric and/or physical-mechanical “pattern” of a structure.
The sequence of computational operations of the method in question is illustrated on example of forming plate of energetically uniform strength.
The solution is built analytically to show the nuances of the operations required. The decision of the future analytically helps to show the nuances of the necessary operations. At the same time, on the given supports, it is shown that the introduced optimization criteria determine, at the same time together, the minimum volume of constructs, and also their minimum deflections.
A fundamental element of the given approach is the use of a new criterion for the limit state, which provides an estimate of the element’s stress. In this case, the properties of the material and the type of the stress and strain state are taken into account.
The analytical solution obtained was used as a checkup test for the general computational procedure of the method in question. In this connection, the paper features the results of analytical and numerical solutions. The efficiency of the computational procedure is confirmed by the rate of its convergence and the minimal variation of geometrical construction parameters (topology) with test cases. The technological sequence of computational operations of the method in question is completed by the construction of elements (plate) with basic external and complex internal geometry, which provides a holistic set of positive power structures, such as minimum consumables in a fixed brutal state, or maximum weight in a fixed organization.
Approaches to taking into account horizontal movements of foundations in the work of wooden reinforced cables
Authors: Demchyna Bohdan , Kravz Andriy 
Published: April 2021

The behavior of a wooden stress ribbon structures reinforced with steel rope under the action of a load evenly distributed along the entire length of the cable was investigated. The analysis of the results of static tests of the wooden reinforced cable of the VD-3.1 series is given. A criterion is proposed according to which a wooden stress ribbon structures reinforced with steel rope can be considered according to the theory of rigid threads.
To ensure the stability and geometric invariance of the structures formed by rigid threads, an important role is played by taking into account the pliability of the supports that perceive the horizontal support reactions (spacing of the cable). Deformation of the supports of rigid cables causes the appearance of significant bending moments in the body of the cable, and also leads to an increase in the deflection of the structure. Therefore, special attention was paid to the study of the pliability of supports during the tests of wooden stress ribbon structures reinforced with steel rope to the action of a load evenly distributed along the length of the cable.
The pliability of supports during experimental tests of wooden stress ribbon structures reinforced with steel rope was investigated. The obtained results are compared with the calculated value of the pliability of the supports, calculated based on the deformability of the installation for testing cable structures.
The methods of calculating the deflections of the cables, which take into account the pliability of the supports, were tested. The influence of the pliability of the supports on the deflection of the cable is determined.
At the level of the pliability of the supports, the deformability of the cable was influenced by the pliability of the nodal joints of the wooden elements of the cable. Based on this, the deformability of the joints of the wooden elements of the cable on the punched metal plate fasteners and its effect on the deflection of the cable were investigated. The coefficient of deformability of joints was suggested, which took into account the nonlinear dependence of the deformation of joints of wooden elements of the cable on the applied load.
Due to the need to take into account the joint work of the wooden body of the cable and the steel rope, the calculated characteristics of the reduced cross section of the wooden cable reinforced with steel rope were calculated.
A static calculation of a wooden stress ribbon structures reinforced with steel rope according to the theory of rigid threads is performed and the results of calculations are compared with experimental data.
PREVENTION AND SCREENING OF OSTEONECROSIS OF JAW (ONJ) IN MYELOMA PATIENTS : A MONOISTITUTIONAL FIFTEEN-YEAR EXPERIENCE
Authors: Limberti Giulia , Fasciolo Antonella , Tartara Daniela , Brigo Paola , Baraldi Anna , Catania Gioacchino , Fusco Vittorio , Ferrero Elisabetta , Ladetto Marco 
Published: April 2021

Charts of all myeloma patients observed at the Hematology Unit of Alessandria Hospital (Italy) in years 2005-2020 have been reviewed. Patients received bisphosphonates according to international guidelines, that recommended shorter and tailored duration of antiresorptive treatment (instead of indefinitively prolonged administration, as advised by older guidelines) after 2006-2007. Out of 210 patients receiving pamidronate or zoledronic acid (or sequences of bisphosphonates) and evaluated for oral health, 7 cases of Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (ONJ) were registered (7/210, 3.3%). However, 5 cases were detected among 41 cases starting antiresorptive treatment before 2006 without preventive visit, and only 2 cases were found among 169 cases receiving dental visit before treatment beginning (2/169, 1.2%). Our data seem confirm efficacy of measures directed to reduce the risk of ONJ in myeloma patients treated with less intensive schedules of bisphosphonates, according to latest recommendations..
The Results of Trabeculectomy with Antimetabolites in Elderly Patients: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Dikmetaş Özlem , Lotfisadigh, Sepideh , Kaşıkçı Merve , Çankaya Ali Bülent , Kocabeyoğlu Sibel 
Published: April 2021

Objective: To examine the effectiveness and results of primary trabeculectomy with 5-fluorouracil (group 1) or mitomycin-C (group 2) in elderly patients.
Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study including 67 eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma that underwent primary trabeculectomy with group 1 or group 2. Patients who were followed up for less than 1 year or were under 55 years of age were excluded from the study. Surgical success was evaluated according to a decrease in cup/disk ratio and reduction of intraocular pressure without any topical medication.
Results: The mean ages of participants were 65.7 years (range 59–88) and 65.9 years (range 59–74) in groups 1 and 2, respectively. The mean preoperative and postoperative intraocular pressure values were 31.3 ± 5.7 mmHg (range 17–46) and 14.8 ± 0.4 mmHg (range 10–21) in group 1 (p < 0.001) and 31.5 ± 7.4 mmHg (range 18–52) and 14.8 ± 2.9 mmHg (range 10–21) in group 2 (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: The use of 5-fluorouracil or mitomycin-C during primary trabeculectomy is associated with high postoperative success rates. There were no significant differences between 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin-C in terms of intraocular pressure reduction.
DISEASE ASSOCIATED WITH CLINICALLY DIAGNOSED UNTREATED PATIENT OF ALOPECIA AREATA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL BIKANER (RAJASTHAN)
Authors: Jadon Deepika Singh , Mehta R. D. , Ghiya B.C. , Pal Chandra 
Published: April 2021

Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune, non-scarring form of alopecia with wide range of clinical presentations from patchy alopecia to complete loss of scalp hair (Alopecia totalis) and or the entire body (alopecia universalis. To study the disease associated with clinically diagnosed untreated patient of Alopecia Areata.
Methods: The prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on all new cases of alopecia areata irrespective of age and sex attending the outpatient department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy at SP Medical College, Bikaner from September 2018 to September 2019.
Results: In our study 20.90% patients were present with associated disease maximum (15.45%) patients were present with atopy followed by 2.72% thyroid disease, 0.91% diabetic, down syndrome, psoriasis respectively.
Conclusion: Majority of patients were associated with atopy.
Keywords: Associated disease, Alopecia areata, DM, HT.
The Validity and Effectiveness of the Reflective-Metacognitive Learning Model to Improve Studentsâ€™ Metacognition Ability in Indonesia
Authors: Muhali Muhali , Yuanita Leny , Ibrahim Muslimin 
Published: April 2021

Purpose - This study investigated the content and construct validity of the Reflective-Metacognitive Learning (RML) Model, and the effectiveness of the RML Model in comparison with Cognitive-Metacognitive Learning (CML) Model in improving studentsâ€™ metacognitive knowledge, skills, and awareness after the learning process. Methodology - This experimental study began with developing the RML Model, which covered planning, development and evaluation. A focus group discussion involving four experts in science education was conducted to determine the validity of the RML Model and its supporting devices in terms of content validity and construct validity. An experimental study using a randomized pretest-posttest control group design was then implemented on forty senior high school students to evaluate the effectiveness of the RML Model against the CML Model. Data were analyzed descriptively and statistically. Findings - The results showed that the RML Model was highly valid in terms of content validity and construct validity, Metacognitive knowledge increased to a high degree, while metacognitive skills and awareness increased to a medium degree. Based on the results, it was concluded that the RML Model was valid and more effective than the CML Model in terms of improving studentsâ€™ metacognitive ability. Significance - The RML Model, which is marked by the reflection of thinking processes as the core, is expected to improve students' metacognitive ability.
Exploring Outcomes of Service-Learning Participantion: Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Said Hamdan , Ahmad Iqbal , Mohamad Nor Faizah 
Published: April 2021

Purpose - This study explored the perspectives of teachers on outcomes of service-learning participation in vocational training institutes. The main purpose was to gain a better understanding of outcomes concerning service-learning participation of vocational training institute students in Pakistan. Methodology - A total of 315 respondents participated in the study. Data were collected from 15 randomly selected vocational training institutes using a self-designed questionnaire which was drafted and validated after expert approval. The construct validation of the questionnaire was established through Exploratory Factor Analysis. Findings - The findings indicated that participation in service-learning resulted in increased course content knowledge, the development of interpersonal skills, and the development of a volunteering attitude among the vocational institute students. Significance - This study is one of the few studies related to academic outcomes of vocational education students as a result of service-learning participation. The results facilitate understanding of the pedagogical role of service-learning as a practical teaching approach, and would be of particular interest to employers who are looking for skilled manpower in the current job market.
Beseeching Verbosity Used by Street Beggars: A Socio-pragmatic Study
Authors: Shahid Muhammad Ali , Ahamd Farooq , Shaffaqat Muhammad , Saeed Rana Muhammad Basharat , Naz Gulshan 
Published: April 2021

The present study aims to investigate “Beseeching Verbosity used by Street Beggars” in Sargodha Division in Punjab, Pakistan. It is a Pragmatic Study. Beggary is a universal phenomenon. It has many blasphemous blotches on its name as a social evil, a social taboo, a social problem, a social curse. The objectives of the study were developed from the socio-pragmatic perspective. In this qualitative and theoretical study, data was collected by observation by informants. Geoffrey Leech’s Politeness Principle (1983) and Austin’s (1955) Felicity Conditions were utilized to scrutinize the beseeching language use by street beggars. The application of these theoretical frameworks will reveal the allusions and references that appeal to religious and socio-economic ideologies exploited by the street beggars by beguiling verbosity on the naïve and devoted people of the Sargodha Division. The people, knowingly or unknowingly, are tricked by the beguiling entrapment. This study revealed the tactics used by the beggar in order to blackmail and grab money from the naïve and devoted people. The research carves out a map for the government to assess the Socio-pragmatic perspective of the beggars.
A Survey of Mechanical Ventilation Weaning Practices in ICUs of Bangladesh
Authors: Faruq Mohammad Omar , Ahsan ASM Areef , Fatema Kaniz , Ahmed Fatema , Sultana Amina , Mallick Uzzwal Kumar , Mohammad Asaduzzaman - , Islam Md Motiul , Haque Md Ashraful , Huda AK Qumrul , Sultana Rozina , Tamanna Rownak Jahan , Habib Samira Humaira , Chy Umme Kulsum , Uddin Mohammed Salah 
Published: April 2021

Objective : To determine mechanical ventilation discontinuation (weaning) practices in Bangladesh as there is currently no data available on this issue.
Method : Analyzing the Survey on Bangladeshi respondents using questionnaire developed by and used by a pan Asian study where Bangladesh critical care physicians participated.
Result : 40 physicians from 10 ICUs of Bangladesh participated. Majority of our participating doctors (62.5%) came from private for profit hospital. 19 out of 40 respondents were certified in critical care medicine. In our study spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) was liberally used with pressure support being used by 30% respondents. Most of the extubation trial took place during day. As criteria for extubation, respondents mainly considered consciousness and cooperation and along with gag reflex, cough strength, suction frequency and cuff leak at different times. Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) was commonly used for early extubation in cases of COPD, cardiogenic pulmonary edema, neuromuscular disorders, post-operative cases and obesity. Slightly less than half of respondents did not follow any sedation protocol and 42.5% followed weaning protocol. Protocolized weaning by nurses are not known to be practiced in Bangladesh.
Conclusion : Weaning practices are diverse in Bangladeshi ICUs. Protoclized weaning is rarely practiced in Bangladesh.
Bangladesh Crit Care J March 2021; 9(1): 4-11