bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pear and apple pomace compost as an alternative to commercial substrates in the production of tomato seedlings
Authors: Maldonado Jorge Federico , Agüero Marta Susana , Buglione María Belén , Iturmendi Facundo , Filippi Marcela Viviana , Martínez Daniel Alfredo 
Published: July 2021

It is important to look for alternative substrates to replace non-renewable resources such as peat used in growing media in horticulture. The aim of this work was to evaluate if the compost of pear and apple pomace could be used as an alternative to a commercial substrate for the production of tomato seedlings. Two experiments were carried out on trays with alveoli of 100 cm3 (experiment 1) and 30 cm3 (experiment 2). In experiment 1, three substrates were used: commercial substrate (CS), mixture of CS and pomace compost (CS+C) and pure compost (C). In experiment 2 a fourth treatment with a mixture of compost and perlite (C+P) was incorporated. The obtained results indicate that the development of the seedlings using CS+C and CS as a substrate was similar in cells of 100 cm3 and higher in cells of 30 cm3. In addition, the growth of seedlings on C+P in relation to CS showed similar or higher values in some variables. These results indicate that it would be feasible to replace the use of non-renewable resources such as peat in the production of tomato seedlings by a product obtained from a residue.
Tomato seedling growth was evaluated on trays with 100 cm3 alveoli and 30 cm3 alveoli on different substrates mixtures: commercial substrate (CS), mixture of CS and pomace compost (CS+C), pure compost (C) and mixture of compost and perlite (C+P).
Highlights

Seedling development using CS+C and CS as substrates was similar in cells of 100 cm3 and higher in cells of 30 cm3.
Seedling growth on C+P in relation to CS, showed similar or higher values for some variables such as root dry weight, shoot dry weight, stem diameter and shoot height.
In 30 cm3 cell trays of the compost and perlite treatment (3:1 v/v), obtained seedling quality would enable a high post-transplant survival percentage.
Pear and apple pomace compost may be an alternative to a commercial substrate containing peat for tomato seedlings production (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.).
CO2 emission allowances and their interacion with economic and energy factors in the European Union
Authors: Botey Fullat María , Arias Martín Pedro , Alarcón Silverio 
Published: July 2021

Analysis of emission allowances prices has important environmental and political connotations. This article aimed to identifying the possible variables that may influence their behaviour and studied their relationship with fundamental factors: energy (Brent petroleum, Gas, Coal) and economy (Industrial Production Index, Baltic Dry Index, Purchasing Managers Index). With the objective of analyzing possible mutual interactions, Multivariate VAR or Error Correction Models (VECM), were applied. The information analysed derived from different sources (World Bank, Sendeco2 and various financial websites). The results obtained showed, not only the influence of past prices on the emission allowances actual price, but also the interaction with energetic and economic variables.
Highlights

Estimation of time series interrelations through VAR models.
There is relationship of the emission allowances price with their past values.
The energy variables are factors important to also explain the behavior of the emission allowances price.
The economic variables are hardly significant except for the Dry Baltic Index.
Development and validation of diagrammatic scales to evaluate damage by the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) in peanut
Authors: Crenna Ana Cecilia , Oddino Claudio Marcelo , Ferrari Santiago , Giuggia Jorge Antonio , Giovanini Diego , Giordano Francisco Damián 
Published: July 2021

Argentina is the second largest peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) exporter in the world. The main peanut pest in our country is the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch 1836). To date, there is no validated method to quantify this pest. The aim of this work was to develop and validate a logarithmic diagrammatic scale to assess damage by the two-spotted spider mite in peanut. In 2015-16, 200 leaflets were collected from a plot infested with the pest. Damaged leaf area (DLA) was calculated using SisCob software. Six-, seven-, eight- and nine-class scales were proposed. Mean values for each class and scale were obtained with 2-LOG. Leaflets were analyzed by 13 raters who used the four proposed scales. Precision and accuracy were determined by simple linear regression between the DLA and estimated damaged leaf area. Reproducibility was determined by linear regression between estimates of raters combined in pairs. The seven-class scale was the best validated one for all the parameters. Most raters showed constant deviations and overestimated DLA, whereas only one rater presented systematic deviations. This seven-class scale is the first developed and validated one to evaluate two-spotted spider mite damage to peanut in Argentina.
Highlights

According to the validation results, the seven-class diagrammatic scale was the best one in terms of accuracy, precision and reproducibility with values above 0.80, 0.75 and 0.75 respectively.
The scales are useful tools for pest assessment, fundamental parameters for integrated pest management.
The seven-class scale is the first one developed and validated for evaluating damage by the two-spotted spider mite in peanut crop in Argentina.
With this scale a loss function will be calculate which will allow the estimation of the EIL of this pest.
Salmea scandens (Asteraceae) extracts inhibit the growth of Fusarium oxysporum and Alternaria solani pathogens of tomato
Authors: Salas Marina Miguel Angel , Hernández Eleria Gladys del Carmen , Hernández García Vidal , Ríos Velasco Claudio , Ruiz Cisneros María Fernanda , Rodríguez Larramendi Luis Alfredo , Orantes García Carolina , Espinoza Medinilla Eduardo 
Published: July 2021

Tomatoes are affected by fungi of the genera Fusarium and Alternaria, reducing the quantity and quality of the fruit.Since plant extracts are an alternative for the control of phytopathogenic fungi, the antifungal effect of Salmea scandens extracts was evaluated against Fusarium oxysporum and Alternaria solani and the functional groups of the chemical constituents were identified.The aqueous extracts were obtained by three techniques (soxhlet, assisted ultrasound and maceration) and three solvents (water, acetone and ethyl ether), these were evaluated against F. oxysporum in poisoned medium and A. solani in tomato fruit. The functional groups were identified by the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) technique. The best extraction technique for S. scandenswas soxhlet with all three solvents. Maceration-acetone extracts at concentrations of 4000 and 5000 ppm showed increased antifungal activity against F. oxysporum and A. solani. The FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of carboxylic acids, aldehydes, ketones and aromatic compounds as the possible responsible for the antifungal activity.S. scandensextracts have a high potential to be used as a preventive treatment in the control of F. oxysporum and A. solani.
Highlights

The highest mass/volume extraction efficiency yield was with the soxhlet technique using water as a solvent.
Extracts obtained by maceration-acetone technique, caused the strongest Fusarium oxysporum inhibition.
The maceration-acetone extract at 5000 ppm, showed higher inhibition of A. solani mycelial growth than the commercial fungicide Hymexazol.
« Le traducteur est un "chercheur" d’un genre particulier »
Authors: Sécardin Olivier 
Published: July 2021

Philippe Noble est traducteur littéraire. On lui doit notamment la traduction d’œuvres d’Etty Hillesum, Harry Mulisch et Cees Nooteboom. Après avoir mené une carrière à l’Université, Philippe Noble s’est engagé au service des Affaires étrangères et de la diplomatie culturelle – il a été conseiller culturel à La Haye (2000-2004) et à Vienne (2008-2011), directeur de la Maison Descartes et du Réseau franco-néerlandais. Il est aussi directeur de la collection « lettres néerlandaises » chez Actes Sud. Nous nous sommes entretenus avec lui à propos de son travail de « médiateur culturel » entre la France et les Pays-Bas. L’entretien est suivi d’une bibliographie com­plète des traductions réali­sées par Philippe Noble.
Éditions Verdier : un lieu, un projet, un trajet collectif
Authors: Van Montfrans Manet 
Published: July 2021

Verdier est une maison d’édition indépendante avec un siège social à Lagrasse, dans l’Aude, et une permanence à Paris. La maison est aujourd’hui co-gérée par Colette Olive et Michèle Planel. Ensemble avec Gerard Bobillier et Benoît Rivéro (qui quittera le groupe assez vite), elles ont été à l’origine d’une aventure éditoriale extra­ordinaire. Les titres (environ 700) du catalogue édité en 2019 à l’occasion des quarante années d’existence se regroupent en cinq grandes rubriques : littérature, sciences humaines, philosophie, art, architecture et cinéma, spiritualités.
À la fondation de la maison en 1979, les éditeurs ont laissé derrière eux leur militan­tisme politique, sans pour autant renier leur volonté de contribuer à transformer sinon le monde, du moins les consciences. Le cata­logue témoigne d'une exigence sans faille ainsi que d’une extraordinaire ouverture au monde. Né en plein cœur des Corbières, Verdier a voulu se situer au croisement de différentes cultures. En font preuve les collections de traductions de plusieurs langues étrangères, dont l’arabe et l’hébreu. Le fonds comporte des textes fonda­teurs tels le Guide des égarés de Moïse Maïmonide, Les Batailles nocturnes de Carlo Ginzburg, Les récits de la Kolyma (2003) de Varlam Chalamov, mais il montre aussi l’émergence d’auteurs français importants, tels Pierre Michon et Pierre Bergounioux.
Comment une maison d’édition qui se caractérise par un fonds exigeant a-t-elle réussi à garder son indé­pendance sans faire de concessions ? Comment a-t-elle su survivre aux naufrages économiques, éviter d’être écrasée dans des reprises commerciales incer­taines ? Comment a-t-elle fait face à la transformation radi­cale de l’industrie du livre, c’est-à-dire sa fabrication, sa diffusion et sa médiatisation ? Ce sont les questions que nous avons posées à Colette Olive, dans le cadre d’un entretien visant à mettre en lumière le travail accompli durant une quarantaine d’années par cette maison d’édition singu­lière.
Comment on "Ice content and interannual water storage changes of an active rock glacier in the dry Andes of Argentina" by Halla et al. (2021)
Authors: Whalley W. Brian 
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Recently published work on water preservation in Chile assume that 'permafrost' (cryogenic) rock glaciers are dominant. Melt pond development shows that rock glaciers are glacier-derived ('glacigenic') rather than of permafrost origin.
The night writer: The emergence of nocturnal travel writing
Authors: Stubbs Ben 
Published: July 2021

In 1762, the philosopher and writer Jean-Jacques Rousseau wrote in Emile (1979) that we are blind half our lives because of what we miss during the night. The notion that the night can offer a broader experience and understanding of people, culture and place is one that is particularly relevant to travel writing and travel writers, though it is a perspective that has not been widely studied. As such, this paper will explore the development of nocturnal travel writing. This awareness begins with the influence of the flâneur in Paris and London. The immersed perspective of the street wanderer inspired many writers, including Charles Dickens, who later wrote Night Walks in 1861 of his nocturnal London walking. While technology and security diminished the writers’ fascination of the night in the later 19th and 20th centuries, it has re-emerged as an important subgenre of contemporary travel writing. There is a range of diverse examples of nocturnal travel writing in the 21st century focusing on nature, social and cultural lives and non-English speaking countries. These examples present an opportunity to push the authentic boundaries of the travel writing form in an era of gimmicks and unimaginative storytelling. As a form which draws influence from the flâneur, psychogeography and the literary pedigree of writers such as De Quincey and Dickens, nocturnal travel writing offers the reader a new and imaginative rendering of the ‘other’ within different places, cultures and temporal zones.
The scent of things: Travel and the traces of the past
Authors: Green Stephanie 
Published: July 2021

Encounters with the historical and contemporary materiality of travel may occur objectively and/or imaginatively, as the traveller moves by air, land or water, passes streets, squares, buildings, enters rooms, museums, palaces, crosses bridges, mountains, canyons. Even other people can present as material entities, encapsulating the shock of difference, the flesh and odours of lived reality, the impossibility of possession. However prepared for a journey by reading, thinking, and research, in the end, for the writer as traveller, it is the act of travel while writing itself which becomes the heuristic enterprise, the experiment which leads to a solution, an understanding or a new question that may never be definitively solved. This discussion explores the representability of travel writing as material engagement and as a creative endeavour of scholarly inquiry. The presentation will take the form of a framed auto/narrative which follows a sequence of journeys undertaken by the author, in reverse order that speak to questions of authenticity and illusion across space and time.
Epistolary architecture: when writing letters created modern space. The case of Iannis Xenakis’s house at Amorgos, Greece
Authors: Kiourtsoglou Elisavet 
Published: July 2021

Media of Communication (publicity, exhibitions) have been thoroughly examined for their contribution to the perception of modern architecture (Colomina, 1996). This paper analyses the relationship between letter writing and exchange and the design of the Amorgos house of Iannis Xenakis (1922-2001). It argues that epistolary discourse has been a significant medium by which a certain type of 20th century architectural space was produced. Based on archives the article pinpoints how embodied experiences of place have been translated into architectural space, through letters. This assumption may cast new light on the broader relation between tradition and modernism. Then, building upon the polyphony of letter writing, it sketches the model of collaboration among multidisciplinary professionals separated by distance that modern architecture initiated.
Effect of Growth Regulators for in-vitro Mass Multiplication of Marigold
Authors: Naqvi Beena , Tariq Yasmeen 
Published: July 2021

This study describes an effective and reproducible protocol for the mass multiplication of marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) for commercial purpose. Twenty five different combinations of BAP, IAA, GA3 and AgNO3 were added to the basal MS medium to culture marigold explants. The highest mean number (4.83±0.49) and length (5.28 cm ±1.06) of healthy shoots per explant was observed in media supplemented with 2 mg/L BAP along with 2 mg/L IAA. When these shoots were sub-cultured for root development, the maximum number (17.08±2.44) and length (13.67 cm ±0.98) of roots were produced in media supplemented with 4mg/L BAP and 2 mg/L IAA. Addition of gibberellic acid and AgNO3 did not have any significant effect on shoot proliferation and root development of marigold.
Phenology, Growth, Yield and Nitrogen Uptake of Wheat in Response to Nitrogen, Potassium and Their Application Methods
Authors: Khan Asad Ali , Khan Inamullah , Jan Muhammad Faheem , Liaqat Waqas , Muhammad Asim , K Shahenshah , Anwar Shazma 
Published: July 2021

Application of macronutrients in less amount along with improper application method(s) are the major factors for low yield. Experiments were designed with the objectives to determine the optimum rate of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) along with suitable application method to minimize nutrients losses. The experimental site was New Developmental Farm of the University of Agriculture Peshawar and experiments were conducted for two consecutive years i.e. 2010-11 and 2011-12. After analysis, the results indicated that both N and K significantly affected days to phenology (anthesis and maturity). Days to phenology increased linearly with increase in rate of N and K and more days to phenology were recorded when both were at their highest rates. Similarly plant height, leaf area/tiller, flag leaf area, leaf area index, leaf area duration, grain yield, N uptake by grains and straw were increased with increasing level of N and K and attained maximum value when N and K was applied at the rate of 180 and 90 Kg/ha, respectively. Nutrients application method significantly affected plant height, leaf area/tiller, flag leaf area, grain yield and N uptake by straw and grains with maximum values for these traits were recorded when nutrients (N and K) were applied in such a combination that 15% nutrients were supplied through foliar and 85% through soil application. Application methods had a non-significant effect on days to phenology, leaf area index and leaf area duration. It is concluded from the results that application of N and K at the rate of 180 and 90 Kg/ha respectively in such a way that 15% is applied through foliar spray and 85% through soil application improved growth, yield and N uptake of wheat crop under the semi-arid climate.
Correlation Studies of Starch Pasting Properties Determined Through Rapid Visco Analyzer
Authors: Riaz Ayesha , Pasha Imran 
Published: July 2021

In present study, pasting properties of wheat varieties were investigated through rapid visco analyzer (RVA). Starch content was determined by Megazyme kit method varied from 68.88 to 72.73%. Pasting properties indicated variability from 65.25 to 67.80 °C (pasting temperature), 3.22 to 6.00 min (peak time), 1330 to 1784 cP (peak viscosity), 645 to 1002 cP (trough viscosity), 1799 to 2565 cP (final viscosity) 685 to 782 cP (breakdown viscosity) and 1154 to 1563 (setback viscosity). Starch content and seven parameters observed from RVA profiles of various wheat varieties were evaluated for their inter- dependence. Starch content indicated a significantly positive association with trough viscosity (r = 0.926*) and final viscosity (r = 0.917*). Present data show that peak viscosity had significant and positive relationship with setback (r = 0.879*) and trough viscosity (r = 0.976**).
Novelty statement. Pasting properties determine end use quality of wheat flour and primarily relates to starch content of wheat flour, which is present in largest proportion. In Pakistan, various wheat cultivars are grown in different climate. As a result, the variations in physico-chemical as well as rheological properties of wheat varieties is anticipated. Significant correlations found out in present study are valuable for the evaluation of effect of pasting properties alone and their interaction.
ISOLASI DAN ELUSIDASI STRUKTUR SENYAWA DARI EKSTRAK BAWANG DAYAK SERTA UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERINYA
Authors: Senda Kartika Rakainsa  , Khoirun Nisa  
Published: July 2021

Skrining aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan terhadap 10 spesies tanaman obat yang secara empiris telah digunakan dalam pengobatan tradisional di Indonesia, di antaranya umbi bawang dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa), herba ki tolod (Isotoma longiflora), buah ketepeng cina (Cassia alata), dan daun bluntas (Pluchea indica). Berdasarkan hasil skrining aktivitas antibakteri, ekstrak umbi bawang dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa) menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri paling dominan terhadap Bacillus subtilis dan Staphylococcus aureus pada konsentrasi ekstrak 200 dan 100 μg/ml, serta terhadap Klebsiella pneumoniae pada konsentrasi ekstrak 200 μg/ml. Purifikasi dan isolasi senyawa serta uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan untuk mengetahui senyawa yang bertanggung jawab atas aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak bawang dayak. Dari hasil purifikasi dan isolasi senyawa menggunakan MPLC, kolom kromatografi, serta KLT preparatif, dihasilkan suatu senyawa isolat (4 mg). Senyawa tersebut dianalisis menggunakan LR-EIMS serta 1D-2D NMR, dan selanjutnya diidentifikasi sebagai Hongconin. Uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak bawang dayak dan senyawa isolat menunjukkan hasil ekstrak bawang dayak mempunyai aktivitas antibakteri yang tergolong moderat/sedang terhadap B. subtilis, S. aureus, dan K. pneumoniae, ditunjukkan dengan nilai KHM antara 100-200 μg/ml. Sementara itu, senyawa isolat (Hongconin) mempunyai aktivitas antibakteri yang tergolong lemah terhadap semua jenis bakteri patogen yang diujikan, ditunjukkan dengan nilai KHM >200 μM.
Kata kunci: bawang dayak, antibakteri, isolasi, Hongconin
The influence of Selection, Motivation and Utilization of Information System Academic for Lecturer (SIAD) on the Lecturer Performance
Authors: Syafitry Sitorus Debby , Amelia Putri Anisa , Rahmat Hidayat Panca , Rostina Cut Fitri 
Published: July 2021

Lecturer Academic Information System (SIAD) is an academic service facility that lecturers can use to accommodate and manage teachers' activities, including lectures, assignments, communication, and discussions with students. However, lecturers' obstacles in supporting educational processes include the obstacles of leak of features and items/ service forums in the academic portal /SIAD online. This research aims to find the influence of selecting the system, motivation, and utilization of academic information system lecturers (SIAD) on the performance of lecturers at the Faculty of Economics, University of Prima Indonesia. The study will test the variables both partially and simultaneously. Samples were taken from lecturers recorded in the management study program of 60 people. The test result obtained a calculated value of F (17,866) > F table (2.76) and a probability of significance of 0.000 < 0.05, it was concluded that simultaneously H0 was rejected, which means the selection, motivation, and utilization of SIAD had a positive and significant effect on the performance of lecturers at the Faculty of Economics, Universitas Prima Indonesia Medan. The result of the calculation of the coefficient of determination obtained an adjusted R Square value of 0.462.
RANCANG BANGUN APLIKASI PENGENALAN HURUF UNTUK ANAK USIA DINI BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Prasetiyo Febri Bayu , Yusuf Ridwan , Syaputra M. Adie 
Published: July 2021

Pendidikan anak usia dini adalah suatu upaya pembinaan yang di tujukan kepada anaksejak lahir sampai dengan usia enam tahun. Program pendidikan anak usia dini harussesuaikan dengan kebutuhan minat dan perkembangan anak. Dalam era sekarang ini anak-anakusia dini sudah mulai belajar mengeja dan membaca. Hal ini sangat dipenting karena merupakan dasar kita untuk mengetahui suatu informasi. Namun, pada umumnya aplikpengenalan huruf hanya menggunakan gambar dan teks. Dengan fasilitas android diharapkanak-anak dapat menangkap isi dari aplikasi yang dibangun.
Dalam era sekarang ini anak-anak usia dini sudah mulai belajar mengeja dan membacHal ini sangat dipenting karena itu merupakan dasar kita untuk mengetahui suatu informasNamun, pada umumnya aplikasi pengenalan huruf hanya menggunakan gambar dan tekDengan fasilitas android diharapkan anak-anak dapat menangkap isi dari aplikasi ydibangun.