bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immune-Inhibitory Gene Expression is Positively Correlated with Overall Immune Activity and Predicts Increased Survival Probability of Cervical and Head and Neck Cancer Patients
Authors: Budhwani Megha , Turrell Gavin , Yu Meihua , Frazer Ian H. , Mehdi Ahmed M. , Chandra Janin 
Published: March 2021

Background: Limited immunotherapy options are approved for the treatment of cervical cancer and only 10–25% of patients respond effectively to checkpoint inhibition monotherapy. To aid the development of novel therapeutic immune targets, we aimed to explore survival-associated immune biomarkers and co-expressed immune networks in cervical cancer.Methods: Using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma (CESC) data (n = 304), we performed weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and determined which co-expressed immune-related genes and networks are associated with survival probability in CESC patients under conventional therapy. A “Pan-Immune Score” and “Immune Suppression Score” was generated based on expression of survival-associated co-expressed immune networks and immune suppressive genes, which were subsequently tested for association with survival probablity using the TCGA Head Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) data (n = 528), representing a second SCC cancer type.Results: In CESC, WGCNA identified a co-expression module enriched in immune response related genes, including 462 genes where high expression was associated with increased survival probability, and enriched for genes associated with T cell receptor, cytokine and chemokine signaling. However, a high level of expression of 43 of the genes in this module was associated with decreased survival probability but were not enriched in particular pathways. Separately, we identified 20 genes associated with immune suppression including inhibitory immune checkpoint and regulatory T cell-related genes, where high expression was associated with increased survival probability. Expression of these 20 immune suppressive genes (represented as “Immune Suppression Score”) was highly correlated with expression of overall survival-associated immune genes (represented as “Pan-Immune Score”). However, high expression of seven immune suppression genes, including TWEAK-R, CD73, IL1 family and TGFb family genes, was significantly associated with decreased survival probability. Both scores also significantly associated with survival probability in HNSCC, and correlated with the previously established “Immunophenoscore.”Conclusion: CESC and HNSCC tumors expressing genes predictive of T cell infiltrates (hot tumors) have a better prognosis, despite simultaneous expression of many immune inhibitory genes, than tumors lacking expression of genes associated with T cell infiltrates (cold tumors) whether or not these tumor express immune inhibitory genes.
Differentiating Dynamic Cerebral Autoregulation Across Vascular Territories
Authors: Reehal Navpreet , Cummings Stephanie , Mullen Michael T. , Baker Wesley B. , Kung David , Tackett William , Favilla Christopher G. 
Published: March 2021

Objective: Transcranial Doppler is commonly used to calculate cerebral autoregulation, but measurements are typically restricted to a single cerebral artery. In exploring topographic heterogeneity, this study reports the first thorough comparison of autoregulation in all major cerebral vessels.Methods: In forty healthy adults, flow velocity was monitored in the anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral arteries, and synchronized with arterial blood pressure. A transfer function analysis provided characteristics of autoregulation by quantifying the relationship between blood pressure and cerebral blood flow velocity.Results: Phase, which quantifies the time course of autoregulation, was similar in all vessels. Gain, which quantifies the magnitude of hemodynamic regulation, was lower in posterior cerebral artery, indicative of tighter regulation. However, after adjusting for baseline flow differences in each vascular territory, normalized gain was similar in all vessels.Conclusions: Discriminating dynamic cerebral autoregulation between cerebrovascular territories is feasible with a transcranial doppler based approach. In the posterior cerebral artery of healthy volunteers, absolute flow is more tightly regulated, but relative flow regulation is consistent across cerebrovascular territories.Significance: The methodology can be applied to focal disease states such as stroke or posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, in which the topographic distribution of autoregulation may be particularly critical.
Astragaloside IV Protects 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced SH-SY5Y Cell Model of Parkinson’s Disease via Activating the JAK2/STAT3 Pathway
Authors: Xu ZhengHu , Yang Dongfeng , Huang Xiaojing , Huang Huai 
Published: March 2021

ObjectivesAstragaloside IV (AS-IV), the main active component of Astragalus membranaceus, bears anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective activity. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease. This study explored the protective effect of AS-IV on the cell model of PD.Materials and MethodsSH-SY5Y cells were incubated with different concentrations (10, 50, 100, 150, and 200 μM) of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) for 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h to establish the PD cell model. Different concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100, 150, and 200 μM) of AS-IV or 15 mM JAK2/STAT3 pathway inhibitor SC99 was added for intervention 2 h before 6-OHDA treatment. The viability and morphological damage of 6-OHDA-treated SH-SY5Y cells were measured using MTT assay and Hoechst 33258 staining. The expression of microtubule associated protein 2 (MAP2) was detected by immunofluorescence staining. The levels of inflammation and oxidative stress were measured using ELISA. Apoptosis of 6-OHDA-treated SH-SY5Y cells was detected using flow cytometry, and phosphorylation level of JAK2 and STAT3 were detected using Western blot analysis.ResultsThe survival rate of SH-SY5Y cells treated with 100 μM 6-OHDA for 24 h was about 50%. AS-IV (25–100 μM) significantly improved the viability (all p &lt; 0.01), increased MAP2 expression, and repaired the morphological damage induced by 6-OHDA. AS-IV inhibited IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α level (all p &lt; 0.05), reduced MDA and ROS content and increased SOD concentration, thereby reducing inflammation and oxidative stress (all p &lt; 0.01) in 6-OHDA-treated SH-SY5Y cells. Moreover, AS-IV decreased apoptosis rate and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio induced by 6-OHDA (all p &lt; 0.05). Mechanically, AS-IV significantly increased the phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3 (p &lt; 0.01); the addition of SC99 decreased the cell viability, increased the apoptosis rate, enhanced the levels of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress.ConclusionAS-IV enhanced the cell viability, and inhibited apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress of 6-OHDA-treated SH-SY5Y cells via activating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. This study may confer novel insights for the management of PD.
Using lncRNA Sequencing to Reveal a Putative lncRNA-mRNA Correlation Network and the Potential Role of PCBP1-AS1 in the Pathogenesis of Cervical Cancer
Authors: Li Linhan , Peng Qisong , Gong Min , Ling Ling , Xu Yingxue , Liu Qiaoling 
Published: March 2021

Background/AimsLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in many diseases and participate in posttranscriptional regulatory networks in tumors. However, the functions of major lncRNAs in cervical cancer are unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to construct a lncRNA-mRNA coexpression functional network and analyze lncRNAs that might contribute to the pathogenesis of cervical cancer.MethodsDifferentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) and mRNAs (DEmRNAs) between three pairs of cervical cancer tissues and adjacent mucosa were identified by lncRNA microarray analysis. LncRNA-mRNA correlation analysis and functional enrichment were performed on the DEGs. From the correlation network, PCBP1-AS1 was selected as a candidate for further analysis. PCBP1-AS1 expression was examined by qPCR, and Kaplan–Meier survival, clinicopathology, GSEA, and immune infiltration analysis of PCBP1-AS1 were performed. The immune responses of PCBP1-AS1 expression in cervical cancer were analyzed using TIMER and western blot. PCBP1-AS1 was knocked down and overexpressed to evaluate its role in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.ResultsA total of 130 lncRNAs were significantly differentially expressed in cervical cancer patient samples compared with control samples. Differentially expressed mRNAs in the lncRNA-mRNA interaction network were involved in the EMT process. Combined with the Kaplan–Meier survival analyses, the coexpression network revealed that PCBP1-AS1 was significantly associated with OS and clinicopathological parameters in cervical cancer patients. Moreover, PCBP1-AS1 expression was not only significantly increased in cervical cancer specimens but also associated with tumor stage, TNM, and invasion. GSEA revealed that PCBP1-AS1 is closely correlated with cell biological function via the p53 and notch signaling pathways. TIMER analysis revealed that the numbers of NK cells and M2 macrophages decreased when PCBP1-AS1 expression was high, which was consistent with the western blot results in clinical samples. Furthermore, in vitro experiments showed that high expression of PCBP1-AS1 promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.ConclusionsTranscriptomic and lncRNA-mRNA correlation analyses revealed that PCBP1-AS1 plays a key role as an independent prognostic factor in patients with cervical cancer. The identification of PCBP1-AS1 as a new biomarker for cervical cancer could help explain how changes in the immune environment promote cervical cancer development.
Effect of Applying Leakage Correction on rCBV Measurement Derived From DSC-MRI in Enhancing and Nonenhancing Glioma
Authors: Arzanforoosh Fatemeh , Croal Paula L. , van Garderen Karin A. , Smits Marion , Chappell Michael A. , Warnert Esther A. H. 
Published: March 2021

PurposeRelative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) is the most widely used parameter derived from DSC perfusion MR imaging for predicting brain tumor aggressiveness. However, accurate rCBV estimation is challenging in enhancing glioma, because of contrast agent extravasation through a disrupted blood-brain barrier (BBB), and even for nonenhancing glioma with an intact BBB, due to an elevated steady-state contrast agent concentration in the vasculature after first passage. In this study a thorough investigation of the effects of two different leakage correction algorithms on rCBV estimation for enhancing and nonenhancing tumors was conducted.MethodsTwo datasets were used retrospectively in this study: 1. A publicly available TCIA dataset (49 patients with 35 enhancing and 14 nonenhancing glioma); 2. A dataset acquired clinically at Erasmus MC (EMC, Rotterdam, NL) (47 patients with 20 enhancing and 27 nonenhancing glial brain lesions). The leakage correction algorithms investigated in this study were: a unidirectional model-based algorithm with flux of contrast agent from the intra- to the extravascular extracellular space (EES); and a bidirectional model-based algorithm additionally including flow from EES to the intravascular space.ResultsIn enhancing glioma, the estimated average contrast-enhanced tumor rCBV significantly (Bonferroni corrected Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, p &lt; 0.05) decreased across the patients when applying unidirectional and bidirectional correction: 4.00 ± 2.11 (uncorrected), 3.19 ± 1.65 (unidirectional), and 2.91 ± 1.55 (bidirectional) in TCIA dataset and 2.51 ± 1.3 (uncorrected), 1.72 ± 0.84 (unidirectional), and 1.59 ± 0.9 (bidirectional) in EMC dataset. In nonenhancing glioma, a significant but smaller difference in observed rCBV was found after application of both correction methods used in this study: 1.42 ± 0.60 (uncorrected), 1.28 ± 0.46 (unidirectional), and 1.24 ± 0.37 (bidirectional) in TCIA dataset and 0.91 ± 0.49 (uncorrected), 0.77 ± 0.37 (unidirectional), and 0.67 ± 0.34 (bidirectional) in EMC dataset.ConclusionBoth leakage correction algorithms were found to change rCBV estimation with BBB disruption in enhancing glioma, and to a lesser degree in nonenhancing glioma. Stronger effects were found for bidirectional leakage correction than for unidirectional leakage correction.
Doppler Flow Response Following Running Exercise Differs Between Healthy and Tendinopathic Achilles Tendons
Authors: Risch Lucie , Mayer Frank , Cassel Michael 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundThe relationship between exercise-induced intratendinous blood flow (IBF) and tendon pathology or training exposure is unclear.ObjectiveThis study investigates the acute effect of running exercise on sonographic detectable IBF in healthy and tendinopathic Achilles tendons (ATs) of runners and recreational participants.Methods48 participants (43 ± 13 years, 176 ± 9 cm, 75 ± 11 kg) performed a standardized submaximal 30-min constant load treadmill run with Doppler ultrasound “Advanced dynamic flow” examinations before (Upre) and 5, 30, 60, and 120 min (U5-U120) afterward. Included were runners (&gt;30 km/week) and recreational participants (&lt;10 km/week) with healthy (Hrun, n = 10; Hrec, n = 15) or tendinopathic (Trun, n = 13; Trec, n = 10) ATs. IBF was assessed by counting number [n] of intratendinous vessels. IBF data are presented descriptively (%, median [minimum to maximum range] for baseline-IBF and IBF-difference post-exercise). Statistical differences for group and time point IBF and IBF changes were analyzed with Friedman and Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA (α = 0.05).ResultsAt baseline, IBF was detected in 40% (3 [1–6]) of Hrun, in 53% (4 [1–5]) of Hrec, in 85% (3 [1–25]) of Trun, and 70% (10 [2–30]) of Trec. At U5 IBF responded to exercise in 30% (3 [−1–9]) of Hrun, in 53% (4 [−2–6]) of Hrec, in 70% (4 [−10–10]) of Trun, and in 80% (5 [1–10]) of Trec. While IBF in 80% of healthy responding ATs returned to baseline at U30, IBF remained elevated until U120 in 60% of tendinopathic ATs. Within groups, IBF changes from Upre-U120 were significant for Hrec (p &lt; 0.01), Trun (p = 0.05), and Trec (p &lt; 0.01). Between groups, IBF changes in consecutive examinations were not significantly different (p &gt; 0.05) but IBF-level was significantly higher at all measurement time points in tendinopathic versus healthy ATs (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionIrrespective of training status and tendon pathology, running leads to an immediate increase of IBF in responding tendons. This increase occurs shortly in healthy and prolonged in tendinopathic ATs. Training exposure does not alter IBF occurrence, but IBF level is elevated in tendon pathology. While an immediate exercise-induced IBF increase is a physiological response, prolonged IBF is considered a pathological finding associated with Achilles tendinopathy.
High HIV Positivity Rates Following Large-Scale HIV Self-Testing Implementation in Zimbabwe, 2018–2020
Authors: Muchedzi Auxilia , Mpofu Mulamuli , Mudzengerere Fungai H. , Bateganya Moses , Mavimba Tarirai , Satti Hind , Dhliwayo Rumbidzai , Zulu Tinashe , Tapera Talent , Samushonga Tendai , Nyagura Tendai , Ncube Getrude , Tafuma Taurayi A. 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: HIV self-testing (HIV-ST) is an innovative strategy to increase HIV case identification. This analysis shares the outcomes of HIV-ST implementation within the Zimbabwe HIV Care and Treatment (ZHCT) project for the period October 2018–March, 2020.Materials and Methods: We extracted HIV-ST data for the period October 2018 to March 2020 from the project database and assessed (1) the proportion of reactive HIV-ST results; (2) the concordance between reactive HIV-ST results against rapid confirmatory HIV tests using Determine™ and Chembio™ in parallel; and (3) the monthly contribution of HIV-ST to total HIV positive individuals identified within project. The Chi-square test was used to assess for statistical differences in HIV positivity between age groups, by sex and district; as well as the difference in HIV positivity between the HIV-ST and index and mobile testing strategies.Findings: Between October 2018 and March 2020, the ZHCT project distributed 11,983 HIV-ST kits; 11,924 (99.8%) were used and 2,616 (21.9%) were reactive. Of the reactive tests, 2,610 (99.8%) were confirmed HIV positive giving a final positivity rate of 21.9%, and a concordance rate of 99.8% between the HIV-ST results and the confirmatory tests. Proportion of reactive results differed by age-groups (p &lt; 0.001); with the 35–49 years having the highest positivity rate of 25.5%. The contribution of HIV-ST to total new positives increased from 10% in October 2018 to 80% at the end of March 2020 (p &lt; 0.001). Positivity rates from HIV-ST were significantly different by age-groups, sex and district (p = 0.04). Additionally, index and mobile testing had a higher positivity rate compared to HIV-ST (p &lt; 0.001).Conclusion: The ZHCT project has successfully scaled up HIV self-testing which contributed significantly to HIV case finding. Countries should consider using the lessons to scale-up the intervention which will contribute in reaching under-served and undiagnosed populations.
Penerapan Metode Fuzzy Pada Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Penerimaan Pegawai Di Bni Syariah
Authors: Islami Fajrul 
Published: March 2021

Bank Negara Indonesia Syariah merupakan salah satu Badan Usaha Milik Negera yang bergerak dibidang perbankan khususnya perbankan syariah. Dalam hal pemilihan pegawai BNI Syariah secara rutin melakukan perekrutan pegawa setiap tahunnya guna mendukung kegiatan operasional dan pelayanan kepada nasabah. Pelayanan yang terbaik tentu menjadi prioritas utama dalam menjaga kenyamanan dan loyalitas nasabah. Oleh karena itu, dalam upaya menjaga persaingan dibidang keuangan perbankan dan pelayanan nasabah perlu didukung oleh sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas. Didalam melakukan perekrutan pegawai perusahaan memiliki kriteria-kriteria yang sudah ditentukan untuk memastikan bahwa setiap pegawai yang diterima sesuai dengan kebutuhan dari perusahaan. Oleh sebab itu, untuk membantu dalam pemilihaan pegawai yang cepat dan efektif, sistem pendukung keputusan dapat menjadi pilihan dalam meemilih pegawai yang terbaik. Metode Fuzzy merupakan salah satu metode yang dapat digunakan dalam membantu pemilihan pegawai pada BNI Syariah. Dengan menggunakan metode Fuzzy pada Sistem Pendukung Keputusan maka penentuan pegawai yang akan diterima dapat diproses berdasarkan kriteria-kriteria yang sudah ditentukan, sehingga dapat membantu perusahaan memilih pegawai secara cepat dan efektif.
Kata kunci: Sistem Pendukung Keputusan, Penerimaan Pegawai, Fuzzy, Tahani
P Pengimplementasian Artificial Inteligence Pada Sistem Keamanan Locker Otomatis Berbasis SMS Gateway dan Radio Frequency Identification
Authors: Wirawan Nanda Tommy 
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk merancang sebuah sistem rotari pada loker dengan menggunakan RFID dan Keypad sebagai input sehingga dapat memberikan keamanan pada loker.
Sistem ini dibuat dengan merancang, membuat dan mengimplementasikan komponen-komponen sistem yang meliputi arduino Uno sebagai pengendali proses, RFID sebagai input untuk keamanan menggunakan kartu ID Keypad sebagai setting password berperan sebagai input, dan menggunakan LCD sebagai media untuk tampilan informasi serta penggunaan Motor DC dan Motor Servo Sebagai Penggerak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan alat yang dibuat dapat berfungsi dengan baik dan dapat dikembangkan untuk skala yang lebih besar.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI APLIKASI E- LEARNING BERBASIS WEB DI SMA N 9 PADANG
Authors: Aisah Karlina , Yanto Heri , - Firdaus 
Published: March 2021

E- learning atau electronic learning merupakan konsep pembelajaran yang dilakukan melalui jaringan media elektronik. Perkembangan teknologi yang sangat maju di era modern dan globalisasi memungkinkan berbagai kegiatan dilakukan secara cepat dan efisien. Perkembangan teknologi sudah banyak memberi pengaruh terhadap cara hidup kita, salah satunya adalah dalam bidang pendidikan dengan penggunaan e- learning dalam kegiatan pembelajaran di sekolah, perguruan tinggi, tempat – tempat kursus bahkan komunitas – komunitas online sudah mulai menggunakan konsep seperti ini. Seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi informasi dan tuntutan globalisasi pendidikan serta pembelajaran jarak jauh, berbagai konsep telah dikembangkan untuk menggantikan metode pembelajaran tradisional, salah satunya adalah konsep e- learning. E- learning dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif atas permasalahan dalam bidang pendidikan, baik sebagai tambahan, pelengkap maupun pengganti ataskegiatan pembelajaran yang sudah ada. Dengan penggunaan e- learning dalam proses pembelajaran pada SMA N 9 Padang, diharapkan akan mempermudah siswa dalam kegiatan belajar. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, maka dirancang aplikasi pembelajaran e- learning dengan Learning Management System. Dilihat dari kenyataan tersebut, diperlukan suatu sarana penunjang yang mampu meningkatkan efektivitas dan efisiensi dalam system mengajar di SMA N 9 PADANG dalam meningkatkan pembelajaran terhadap siswa
Model Internalisasi Nilai-nilai Multikultural dalam Pembelajaran PAI di SMA Negeri 1 Nganjuk
Authors: Arifin Zainal , Masyukuri Masyukuri , Hanif Moh. 
Published: March 2021

This study uses a qualitative approach with a type of case study that focuses on cultivating multicultural values ​​that are contained in the learning process inside and outside the class of SMA Negeri 1 Nganjuk. The purpose of this study is to reveal and develop a model of internalization of multicultural values ​​that grows and develops in the research locus. Sources of data related to this study were obtained using in-depth interview techniques, participatory observation and documentation which were processed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman. From this focus, a multicultural value internalization model was produced through the management of systematic and coordinated learning as well as habituation and training in developing student character.
Young Muslim America
Authors: Rashid Hussein 
Published: March 2021

Muna Ali’s Young Muslim America is a multi-layered, multi-disciplinary work that delivers a snapshot of American Muslim life, grounded in history and theory. She begins by saying she is looking at individual narratives embedded in a larger narrative “about being and belonging, about identity politics in a globalizing world where grand narratives of national and civilizational histories, secularism, and global wars are summoned” (4). The idea of “narrative” is repeated because it signals a primary methodological approach of the book, where narratives are seen as full of information used to navigate social realities (5).