bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-range qubit entanglement via rolled-up zero-index waveguide
Authors: Issah Ibrahim , Habib Mohsin , Caglayan Humeyra 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Preservation of an entangled state in a quantum system is one of the major goals in quantum technological applications. However, entanglement can be quickly lost into dissipation when the effective interaction among the qubits becomes smaller compared to the noise-injection from the environment. Thus, a medium that can sustain the entanglement of distantly spaced qubits is essential for practical implementations. This work introduces the fabrication of a rolled-up zero-index waveguide which can serve as a unique reservoir for the long-range qubit–qubit entanglement. We also present the numerical evaluation of the concurrence (entanglement measure) via Ansys Lumerical FDTD simulations using the parameters determined experimentally. The calculations demonstrate the feasibility and supremacy of the experimental method. We develop and fabricate this novel structure using cost-effective self-rolling techniques. The results of this study redefine the range of light-matter interactions and show the potential of the rolled-up zero-index waveguides for various classical and quantum applications such as quantum communication, quantum information processing, and superradiance.
Conditions for establishing the “generalized Snell’s law of refraction” in all-dielectric metasurfaces: theoretical bases for design of high-efficiency beam deflection metasurfaces
Authors: Shen Siyuan , Ruan Zhaohui , Yuan Yuan , Tan Heping 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The generalized Snell’s law dictates that introducing a phase gradient at the interface of two media can shape incident light and achieve anomalous reflection or refraction. However, when the introduced phase gradient is realized via the scattering of nanoparticles in the metasurfaces, this law needs to be modified; certain conditions need to be met when the law is established. We present the conditions for establishing the “generalized Snell’s law of refraction” in all-dielectric metasurfaces under the incidence of different polarized light. These conditions can provide theoretical bases for the subsequent design of high-efficiency beam deflection metasurfaces. The relationship between the highest achievable anomalous refraction efficiency and the number of nanoparticles within one period of the metasurface is also summarized. In addition, the generalized refraction should not depend on the polarization states of incident light; however, the previous realization conditions of anomalous refraction were sensitive to the polarization states. Thus, conditions for establishing the polarization-independent generalized Snell’s law of refraction in all-dielectric metasurfaces are presented.
Crystal structure of bis{hydridotris(3-trifluoromethyl-5-methylpyrazolyl-1-yl)borato-κN
3}manganese(II), C30H26B2F18MnN12
Authors: Ikarugi Riko , Fujisawa Kiyoshi , Tiekink Edward R. T. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
C30H26B2F18MnN12, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 10.5322(3) Å, b = 10.6475(4) Å, c = 10.9890(4) Å, α = 111.755(3)°, β = 99.100(2)°, γ = 112.740(3)°, V = 988.07(7) Å3, Z = 1, R

gt
(F) = 0.0338, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0907, T = 178 K.
Reflections on linguistic pluricentricity
Authors: Auer Peter 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This article argues that the notion of pluricentricity fails to capture the multitude of sociolinguistic contexts in which a language may have two or more standards, which is due to the fact that it was invented with a particular context in mind (that of emerging nation-states). The notion also suffers from a reliance on an undefined and unclear (perhaps metaphorical) notion of a centre (and a periphery). A more neutral term such as multi-standard language therefore appears more useful. It is also argued that pluriareality is not a notion that can fruitfully replace pluricentricity, as the two presuppose different approaches to standardisation: one usage-based, the other normative. This is demonstrated with reference to the on-going discussion of the Austrian variety of German.
Thanking actions: interactional variation in Swedish-language service encounters in Sweden and Finland
Authors: Grahn Inga-Lill 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The social action of thanking is an everyday practice in most cultures and, as such, it has been the focus of contrastive studies of different languages, cultures, and countries. This article focuses on the sequential organisation of the action of thanking in Swedish, which is a pluricentric L1 in Sweden and Finland. The study’s data are actions of thanking realised through the Swedish interjection tack [‘thank you’] in service encounters in the two countries. By analysing the sequential position of actions that are similar in form, their potentially different interactional functions can be examined. The actions of thanking are described in two different sequential positions in relation to adjacency pairs, as either responsive or initiating thanking actions. After an initiating thanking action a response is conditionally relevant or expected. A contrastive analysis of these responses reveals that in 73 % of the cases they constitute another action of thanking with the word tack. In Finland, the proportion amounts to 81 % and in Sweden it amounts to 65 %. This contrasts with my earlier study on thanking in medical encounters in the two varieties (Grahn 2019), where a slightly higher proportion of thanking actions as responses to initiating thanks was reported in Sweden than in Finland. In sum, sequential position is highlighted as critical for the management of interpersonal relations and the organisation of this institutional setting.
„… wichtig ist dabei eine schlüssige und differenzierte Begründung“. Qualitätsmerkmale von Urteilsfähigkeit über ethische und religiöse Fragen in den Erwartungshorizonten schriftlicher Abituraufgabenstellungen
Authors: Muth Katharina 
Published: November 2021

Zusammenfassung
Urteilsfähigkeit wird in den Einheitlichen Prüfungsanforderungen als eine von fünf im Religionsunterricht zu erlernenden Kompetenzen benannt. Jedoch lassen sich in den bildungsadministrativen Vorgaben keine Qualitätsmerkmale finden, die eine differenzierte Erfassung der Kompetenz möglich machen. Der Beitrag stellt ausgewählte Forschungsergebnisse einer qualitativen Studie vor, die nach den Anforderungen an Urteilsfähigkeit fragt, die an Prüflinge im schriftlichen Abitur im Fach Evangelische Religion gestellt werden. Untersucht wurden dafür mittels einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse Abituraufgabenstellungen und die dazugehörigen Erwartungshorizonte insbesondere vor der Frage nach Bewertungskriterien für Urteilsfähigkeit und der Rolle der Bekenntnisorientierung im Erwartungshorizont. Die dargestellten Ergebnisse werden in den Forschungsdiskurs über Qualitätsmerkmale von Urteilsfähigkeit eingeordnet und münden in Empfehlungen für die Etablierung differenzierter Qualitätsmerkmale.
The Effect of Remittances on Imports in Eight Latin-American Countries
Authors: Hernández Julio César , Toledo Wilfredo 
Published: November 2021

Remittances are an important source of external resources for developing countries. These transfers may increase the levels of consumption and capital formation in these economies. This paper examines the economic impact of international remittances on different import categories. A panel VAR was estimated using data from eight Latin-American economies during the 1991 to 2004 period. The impulse response functions show that remittances increase imports of capital, consumption, and intermediate goods. It was also found that the accelerator is a plausible transmission mechanism from this type of income to investment.
The Spatial Distribution of Labour Force Participation and Market Earnings at the Sub-National Level in Ireland
Authors: Morrissey Karyn , O'Donoghue Cathal 
Published: November 2021

The main aim of this paper is to provide a spatial modelling framework for labour force
participation and income estimation. The development of a household income distribution for Ireland had previously been hampered by the lack of disaggregated data on individual earnings. Spatial microsimulation through a process of calibration provides a method which allows one to recreate the spatial distribution LFP and household market income at the small area level. Further analysis examines the relationship between LFP, occupational type and market income at the small area level in Co. Galway Ireland.
Markučiai ― Markucie ― Маркутье: The History of the Names of One Vilnius Area
Authors: Sinočkina Birutė 
Published: November 2021

The article deals with the historical Russian toponyms corresponding to the aboriginal Lithuanian Markučiai. In the past, this area has changed a number of names, the historical Russian forms of Маркутье and Маркуци have survived to this day. Based on the data of texts of various genre and stylistic attribution, the functioning of both toponyms can be traced during the 2nd half of the 19th – early 20th centuries.
The article is an attempt to identify the factors that determined the duality of the historical Russian name. The study showed that the fate of competing toponyms was influenced not only by the real linguistic situation in the Vilna region, but also by the purposeful russification activity of the authorities after the suppression of the Polish uprising of 1863–1864. The forms of the same type of Belarusian oikonyms, Baltic in origin and ascending to Lithuanian personal names, confirm the non-systemic nature of the Vilna toponym Маркутье.
Well Known and Unknown Henryk Sienkiewicz’s Relations with Lithuania
Authors: Fedorovič Irena 
Published: November 2021

Henryk Sienkiewicz (1864–1916), one of the most notable novelist of Positivism epoch, the first Polish laureate of the Nobel Prize (1905), is associated with Lithuania. One of the proof to certificate this connection is his nickname „Litwos”. Another evidence is the fact of his marriage with „Lithuanian girl” Maria Szetkiewicz from Hanuszyszki (Trakai district). Not only literature researches, but also readers can remember the image of “Lauda”, so reliably represented by Sienkiewicz in his novels “Potop” (the Flood) or “Dzwonnik” (the Bellringer).
Julian Krzyzanowski in the ‘50s of 20th century, in his work Henryk Sienkiewicz. Kalendarz życia i twórczości (Henryk Sienkiewicz. The callendar of his life and his output”) wrote about Sienkiewicz, and his relations with Lithuania. Only later, in ’90 of 20th c., were published other works about this author, for example, Związki Sienkiewicza z Wilnem i Wileńszczyzną (1994) (Sienkiewicz connections with Vilnius, and Vilnius region) by Maria Bokszczanin, and Sienkiewicz (1999) by Tadeusz Żabski. Famous Polish writer and also Nobel Prize winner Czeslaw Miłosz mentioned Sienkiewicz in his poetic papers and esseys. Unfortunatelly this theme was not discussed propely, and only after 100 years of novelist death, in 21st century, some facts were discovered. The latest studies by Tadeusz Bujnicki and Andrzej Rataj give a chance to rediscover and expose some new details, and once again show Sienkiewicz relations with Lithuania.
The attitude of doctors and the population to the problem of abortion and the status of the embryo
Authors: Filimonov Sergey V. , Mikirtichan Galina L. 
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the views of doctors and the population of St. Petersburg on the problem of the status of the embryo and abortion, depending on various religious views and moral and ethical views.
Many countries have now passed abortion laws. The most liberal law exists in Russia.
MADRASAH QUALITY CULTURE DEVELOPMENT PATTERNS AT MA MA'ARIF NU 1 KEMRANJEN BANYUMAS INDONESIA
Authors: Ernawati  , Abdul Basit  
Published: November 2021

This research was conducted to determine the characteristics and management patterns of the quality development of madrasa culture in Madrasah Aliyah Ma'arif NU 1 Sirau Kemranjen Banyumas Indonesia. This study uses a mixed approach (qualitative-quantitative), but is categorized as a case study because it cannot be generalized. The object of the research is the madrasa culture at Madrasah Aliyah Ma'arif NU 1 Sirau Kemranjen Banyumas holistically covering all madrasa residents and their interactions. The research data were collected by means of observation, questionnaires and documentation. The results show that, first, the characteristics of the madrasa culture consist of a madrasa atmosphere, a culture of cooperation, a culture of discipline, a culture of reading, a clean culture, physically and mentally healthy, a culture of religious, polite and civilized behavior in a positive condition. Second, Madrasah development management is carried out in such a way as to produce better character changes. Keywords: Madrasa culture, management, characteristics.
Cine-Foro como estrategia Didáctica para el desarrollo del Pensamiento Crítico
Authors: Mejia Vargas Jhon Fredy , Pineda Infante Angie Stefanny 
Published: November 2021

El siguiente artículo muestra los resultados parciales de una investigación que se ha propuesto verificar los efectos del Cine-Foro como estrategia didáctica para el desarrollo de habilidades de Pensamiento Crítico en una población de estudiantes de Sexto grado. Se ha tomado la Investigación Acción como la metodología más adecuada a los requerimientos de la investigación, el enfoque metodológico es mixto con énfasis en lo cualitativo. Se trabajó el concepto de Pensamiento Crítico desde la postura intelectual de Richard Paul y & Elder (2003). Desde este punto de vista el pensamiento crítico se compone de ocho elementos, a saber: Propósito, Problema, Información, Concepto, Supuestos, Inferencias, Consecuencias y Puntos de vista. Los instrumentos utilizados para la recolección de la información fueron, en primer lugar, la prueba Watson y Glaser, una prueba diagnóstica (50 preguntas). Después se implementó la estrategia del Cine-Foro (Cañizalez & Pulido, 2015) dividido en tres ciclos de películas, cada ciclo se evaluó con un cuestionario de 8 preguntas y un taller de 24 preguntas, los dos instrumentos evalúan los elementos del pensamiento por medio de estándares intelectuales. Aquí se presentan los resultados de la prueba diagnóstica, del cuestionario #1 y del taller #1, correspondientes al primer ciclo. Al comparar estos datos se pudo corroborar el éxito parcial de la intervención.
Gendered occupational aspirations among German youth: Role of parental occupations, gender division of labour, and family structure
Authors: Law Helen , Schober Pia 
Published: November 2021

Objective: This study investigates how multiple domains of parental gender role socialisation as well as parent-child relationships and family structure may shape adolescents’ gendered occupational aspirations.
Background: Young people with gender-typical aspirations have a higher chance of choosing gender-typical post-secondary education fields and are more likely to work in gender-typical occupations as adults. Gender norms, family structures and parent-child relationships have undergone profound changes in recent decades. We extend the intergenerational transmission literature by considering whether the influence of parental role modelling may vary according to parent-child relationships and family structure.
Method: We draw on data from 2,235 adolescents from the German Socio-Economic Panel and apply logistic regressions.
Results: Children whose fathers were employed in gender-typical jobs had a greater likelihood of aspiring to a more gender-typical occupation. This relationship was not significant among sons who did not live continuously with both parents since birth, who were generally more likely to aspire to gender-typical occupations. Surprisingly, the gender-typicality of fathers' occupations seemed more influential among daughters whose parents had separated than among those who lived continuously with both parents. Regarding the parental gender division of paid and unpaid work, only mothers' continuous non-employment was associated with daughters being more likely to aspire to a gender-typical occupation.
Conclusion: On the whole, our findings suggest a rather weak influence of parental gender role modelling on children’s persistently gendered occupational aspirations in Germany. Yet, our study extends existing family research by pointing to significant variations across family structures.
Cementless Hip Arthroplasty in Patients with Subchondral Insufficiency Fracture of the Femoral Head
Authors: Lee Young-Kyun , Won Seok-Hyung , Park Jung-Wee , Im Jin Woo , Ha Yong-Chan , Koo Kyung-Hoi 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Subchondral insufficiency fracture of the femoral head (SIFFH) occurs in elderly patients and might be confused with osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Subchondral insufficiency fracture of the femoral head is an insufficiency fracture at the dome of the femoral head and has been known to be associated with osteoporosis, hip dysplasia, and posterior pelvic tilt. This study’s aims were to evaluate (1) surgical complications, (2) radiological changes, (3) clinical results, and (4) survivorship of THA in patients with SIFFH.

Methods:
From November 2010 to June 2017, 21 patients (23 hips); 5 men (5 hips) and 16 women (18 hips) underwent cementless THA due to SIFFH at our institution. Their mean age was 71.9 years (range, 57 to 86) at the time of surgery, and mean T-score was −2.2 (range, −4.2 to 0.2). The mean lateral center-edge angle, abduction, and anteversion of the acetabulum were 29.9° (range, 14.8° to 47.5°), 38.5° (range, 31° to 45°), and 20.0° (range, 12° to 25°), respectively. The mean pelvic incidence, lumbar kyphotic angle and posterior pelvic tilt were 56.4° (range, 39° to 79°), 14.7° (range, −34° to 43°), and 13.0° (range, 3° to 34°), respectively.

Results:
An intraoperative calcar crack occurred in 1 hip. The mean anteversion and abduction of cup were 29.0° (range, 17° to 43°) and 43.3° (range, 37° to 50°), respectively. One patient sustained a traumatic posterior hip dislocation 2 weeks after the procedure, and was treated with open reduction. At a mean follow-up of 35.4 months (range, 24 to 79 months), no hip had prosthetic loosening or focal osteolysis. At the latest follow-up, the mean modified Harris hip score was 79.1 (range, 60 to 100) points, and mean UCLA activity score was 4.2 (range, 2 to 7) points. The survivorship was 95.7% (95% CI, 94.9% to 100%) at 6 years.

Conclusions:
Cementless THA is a favorable treatment option for SIFFH in elderly patients.

Level of Evidence:
3
Electrospun Resorbable Drug-eluting Nanofibers Promote Healing of Allograft Tendons
Authors: Weng Chun-Jui , Wu Yu-Chen , Hsu Ming-Yi , Chang Fu-Pang , Liu Shih-Jung 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We developed biodegradable drug-eluting nanofibers employing an electrospinning technique, and evaluated their effectiveness on the healing of allograft tendon. Poly-D-L-lactide-glycolide was used as the polymeric material for nanofiber, while doxycycline was selected as the drug for delivery. The in vitro and in vivo drug release profiles were investigated. The biomechanical properties of allograft Achilles tendons repaired using the nanofibers were tested in euthanized rabbits at 2-, 4-, and 6-week time intervals. Histological examination was performed for the evaluation of tissue reaction and tendon healing. The level of postoperative animal activity was also monitored using an animal behavior cage. The experimental results showed that the degradable nanofibers as a vehicle could provide sustained release of doxycycline for over 40 days after surgery with very low systemic drug concentration. Allograft Achilles tendon reconstruction assisted with the drug-loaded nanofibers was associated with better biomechanical properties at 6 weeks post-surgery. In addition, the animals exhibited a better level of activity after surgery. Use of drug-eluting nanofibrous membranes could enhance healing in Achilles tendon reconstruction surgery with allograft.
Genome-Wide Lymphocytic mRNA Sequencing to Identify Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Mechanism in Silicosis
Authors: Li Hai bin , Zhang Lin , Guan Yi , Zhao Yingzheng , Li Ning , Liu Nan , Wang Yongheng , Si Xuezhe , Xu Hao , Lv Zhihao , Wu Weidong , Yao Sanqiao 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

Lymphocytes are immune cells that play dual roles in the pathogenesis of silicosis. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a vital phenomenon in the pathogenesis of silicosis, is regulated by cytokines, chemokines, and other molecules secreted by lymphocytes; however, the underlying regulatory mechanism is unclear. Here, we investigated the role of lymphocytes in EMT in silicosis.
Methods

Three patients with silicosis and three healthy controls that underwent pre-job physical examination were recruited; fasting venous blood samples were collected and lymphocytes were separated by Ficoll. High-throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatic analysis were used to identify specific genes and signaling pathways. The results were verified through the detection of related indices of peripheral blood samples.
Results

The baseline characteristics of subjects from silicosis group were matched with those of healthy controls. In comparison with healthy controls, patients with silicosis showed 1915 dysregulated genes that were thought to participate in various biological processes, including angiogenesis, tissue repair, cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT. Protein-protein interaction analysis grouped these genes into three hub targets, including phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), integrin beta 1 (ITGB1), and integrin-linked protein kinase (ILK). Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) confirmed that PI3K, ITGB1, and ILK were tightly associated with EMT through the Wnt signaling pathway, Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling pathway, and cell adhesion molecular pathway. ITGB1 is a member of the adhesion molecule family. The identified genes were verified through the detection of soluble adhesion molecules in peripheral blood samples of patients with silicosis and healthy subjects.
Conclusion

Dysregulation of PI3K, ITGB1, and ILK in lymphocytes may contribute to EMT via JAK-STAT, Wnt, and cell adhesion molecular pathways in patients with silicosis.
Detection and molecular phylogenetic analysis of chicken astrovirus in Saga prefecture, Japan
Authors: Okamoto Osamu , Hirano Shinji , Miyoshi Hirotsugu , Ichinohe Natsumi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We detected three chicken astrovirus strains from 4-day-old broiler chickens with a high mortality rate and visceral gout, and one strain from 150-day-old hens without clinical symptoms in Saga prefecture, Japan. Phylogenetic analysis based on the ORF1 amino acid sequence revealed that the strains from the visceral gout case were classified into subgroup Bi, and the strain from chickens without clinical symptoms was classified into subgroup Aiii. Our data indicate that diseases caused by chicken astrovirus can occur in Japan, and that chicken astrovirus infection should be included in the differential diagnosis of chickens with visceral gout.