bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recurrent stroke secondary to late patent foramen ovale-closure device thrombus: a case report
Authors: Jerzyna Lennox , Prashar Abhisheik , Youssef George , Sader Mark 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Percutaneous patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure has been well established in the secondary prevention of cryptogenic stroke with overall low rates of procedural complications. One such complication is PFO closure device thrombus formation which is now rarely reported with newer generation devices.

Case summary
We present the unusual case of a 59-year-old woman with myelofibrosis who developed late-onset recurrent embolic strokes related to Amplatzer PFO closure device thrombus whilst therapeutically anticoagulated on Warfarin. Surgical management was deemed too high risk and our patient was conservatively managed with enoxaparin. Serial transthoracic echocardiography demonstrated a reduction in thrombus size and the patient had no further neurological events.

Discussion
Overall, the risk of serious complications following percutaneous PFO closure, such as device-associated thrombus, remains low. The risk of thrombus formation in patients with hypercoagulable states is not well characterized. Despite good evidence for the efficacy in preventing recurrent cryptogenic stroke, the role of PFO closure in addition to anticoagulation is unclear. Given this uncertain benefit of PFO closure in anticoagulated patients and the unclear risk profile, patient selection, and thorough pre-procedural evaluation are vital when assessing the appropriateness of percutaneous PFO closure.
Successful staged management of a spontaneous iliac vein rupture associated with May–Thurner syndrome: a case report
Authors: Nishimoto Yuji , Toma Masanao , Iwasa Kohei , Sato Yukihito 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Spontaneous iliac vein ruptures have only been reported in approximately 50 cases. An accurate preoperative diagnosis is difficult even with contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT), and the operative mortality and morbidity rates are quite high. The cause of spontaneous iliac vein ruptures and their optimal diagnosis and management remain unclear.

Case summary
A 69-year-old woman without a history of prior trauma presented with low back pain, left lower limb swelling, and hypovolaemic shock. An initial contrast-enhanced CT revealed a large retroperitoneal haematoma without arterial extravasation. Her blood pressure dropped again under a noradrenaline administration. A second venous phase contrast-enhanced CT revealed venous extravasation in the external iliac vein with a suspected compression of the common iliac vein (May–Thurner syndrome) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Her haemodynamics were stabilized whilst a laparotomy was arranged. An inferior vena cava (IVC) filter was placed due to concerns about rebleeding with initiating anticoagulation therapy. Given the failed conservative management, elective endovascular treatment (EVT) was performed including percutaneous Fogarty venous thrombectomy and placement of self-expanding and covered stents. After the intervention, the lower limb swelling significantly improved under oral anticoagulation therapy, and the IVC filter was retrieved. At the 3-month follow-up, the lower limb swelling completely disappeared, and the contrast-enhanced CT demonstrated the complete disappearance of the retroperitoneal haematoma and DVT.

Discussion
This case provided not only the potential value of the venous phase contrast-enhanced CT in diagnosing a spontaneous iliac vein rupture but also the potential benefit of conservative management followed by elective EVT.
Patient-reported outcome measures in cardiovascular disease
Authors: Kornowski Ran 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn today's medical ecosystem, it is vital to measure the outcomes that are most important to the patients. As such, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMS) can be an essential metric to deliver high-quality cardiovascular care, particularly in the subset of patients who remain disappointed with their outcomes.PROMS should be a reproducible and reflective report of what is fundamental to a patient over time and across treatments with proper standards in the analysis, interpretation, and reporting of the collected data. These reports can also be sensitive to changes, whether improvements or deteriorations in the quality of care and medical attitude, but a lack of standardization makes it difficult to draw robust conclusions and compare findings across treatments.As a research tool, PROMS can have a significant prognostic prominence, offering a powerful instrument of comparison between different treatment modalities. With the information technology (IT) abilities of today, we can leverage mobile tools and powerful computer systems to perform sophisticated data analysis using patient-derived data and randomization. This may eliminate guesswork and generate impactful metrics to better inform the decision-making process. PROMS analysed by proper standardized algorithms can avoid physician bias and be integrated into the hospital teamwork.Therefore, there is a strong need for integration of PROMS into the evaluation of cardiovascular interventions and procedures, and establishment of international standards in the analyses of patient-reported outcomes and quality of life data to address this need and develop therapeutic recommendations.
Pulmonary vein pseudoaneurysm secondary to oesophageal stent displacement
Authors: Muñoz-Molina Gemma-María , Gorospe-Sarasúa Luis , Galindo-Álvarez Julio , Cabañero-Sánchez Alberto 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Oesophageal stents allow endoscopic treatment of several oesophageal disorders. Although oesophageal stents are generally safe, early and late adverse events may occur. We present a previously unpublished complication consisting of a pulmonary vein pseudoaneurysm secondary to an oesophageal stent displacement.
The impact of a COVID-19 lockdown on work productivity under good and poor compliance
Authors: Ohrnberger Julius , Segal Alexa Blair , Forchini Giovanni , Miraldo Marisa , Skarp Janetta , Nedjati-Gilani Gemma , Laydon Daniel J , Ghani Azra , Ferguson Neil M , Hauck Katharina 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, governments across the globe have imposed strict social distancing measures. Public compliance to such measures is essential for their success, yet the economic consequences of compliance are unknown. This is the first study to analyze the effects of good compliance compared with poor compliance to a COVID-19 suppression strategy (i.e. lockdown) on work productivity.

Methods
We estimate the differences in work productivity comparing a scenario of good compliance with one of poor compliance to the UK government COVID-19 suppression strategy. We use projections of the impact of the UK suppression strategy on mortality and morbidity from an individual-based epidemiological model combined with an economic model representative of the labour force in Wales and England.

Results
We find that productivity effects of good compliance significantly exceed those of poor compliance and increase with the duration of the lockdown. After 3 months of the lockdown, work productivity in good compliance is £398.58 million higher compared with that of poor compliance; 75% of the differences is explained by productivity effects due to morbidity and non-health reasons and 25% attributed to avoided losses due to pre-mature mortality.

Conclusion
Good compliance to social distancing measures exceeds positive economic effects, in addition to health benefits. This is an important finding for current economic and health policy. It highlights the importance to set clear guidelines for the public, to build trust and support for the rules and if necessary, to enforce good compliance to social distancing measures.
Effects of Wood Ash Application on Tree Nutrition and Soil Dynamics in a Pinus taeda System
Authors: de Quadros Leonardo Packer , Ducheiko Henrique Almeida Santos , Maeda Shizuo , Prior Stephen Arthur , Araújo Eloá Moura , Gomes João Bosco Vasconcelos , Bognola Itamar Antonio , Soares Marcia Toffani Simão , Magri Ederlan , Frigo Cleiton , Kawasaki Alberto , Motta Antônio Carlos Vargas 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Many Brazilian forest industries use wood biomass as a sustainable energy source that generates a wood ash by-product. This residue is typically discarded in nearby planted forests. To evaluate the effects of wood ash rates on Pinus taeda L. growth, a study was established on a high clay soil in 2006. Five rates of wood ash (0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 T ha−1) were applied to a P. taeda system. Soil chemical properties were evaluated three times at different depths. Tree growth (i.e., height, diameter at breast height, and commercial volume) and nutrition (needle elemental composition) were determined. After 11 years, litter accumulation and soil mobilization (bioturbation) were also evaluated. Ash application did not affect tree growth/yield or litter accumulation. A small reduction in soil acidity and increased bases in the upper soil layer were observed two years after ash application; this effect reached deeper layers after six years but retreated to shallower depths at 11 years. A soil amount of 14.6 m3 ha−1 year−1 was relocated closer to the soil surface due to bioturbation by edaphic fauna. The application of wood ash to forest soils appears to be an ecologically sound alternative for disposal of this industrial by-product.
A new tightly coupled method for high-rate seismogeodesy: a shake table experiment and application to the 2016 Mw 6.6 central Italy earthquake
Authors: Fang Rongxin , Zheng Jiawei , Shu Yuanming , Lv Huanghui , Shi Chuang , Liu Jingnan 
Published: August 2021

SUMMARY
High-rate global navigation satellite system (GNSS) has emerged as an effective method to recover seismic waveforms without saturation and drifts, but it has the limitation of relatively lower sampling rate and higher noise level compared to seismic instruments. In this study, we present a new seismogeodetic method by integrating GNSS and accelerometer data to obtain optimal real-time seismic waveforms. Unlike traditional integration methods based on GNSS techniques of relative positioning or precise point positioning, the new method uses a GNSS time difference technique and inherits its unique advantage in real-time and high-accuracy velocity solutions. Furthermore, by incorporating the tightly coupled structure, it can overcome the cascading problem and provide more accurate and robust waveforms compared to its loosely coupled counterpart. The performance of this method is first compared with the traditional loosely coupled approach in challenging environments through a set of shake table experiments. With three GNSS satellites, this approach method can improve the accuracy of velocities and displacements by 42 and 87 per cent, respectively. With four or more GNSS satellites, the average improvements of the method reach 25 and 41 per cent for the velocities and displacements, respectively. We then validate the full performances of the method through simulated shake table experiments and collocated GNSS and accelerometer data during the 2016 Mw 6.6 central Italy earthquake. The simulated and real-event analyses demonstrate that the new integration method can take full advantage of the complementary characteristics of GNSS and accelerometer sensors. By providing more accurate and broad-band velocity and displacement waveforms in a real-time or near-real-time manner, this method is quite promising in earthquake early warning and rapid source inversion.
Investigating the subsurface in a shallow water environment using array and single-station ambient vibration techniques
Authors: Shynkarenko A , Lontsi A M , Kremer K , Bergamo P , Hobiger M , Hallo M , Fäh D 
Published: August 2021

SUMMARYSingle-station and array ambient vibration techniques are widely used in onshore environments, in particular to retrieve the subsurface structure and shear-wave velocity profiles. We apply these techniques offshore in Lake Lucerne (Switzerland) using single-station and array Ocean Bottom Seismometer (OBS) data. This lake has experienced tsunamigenic subaquatic slope failures in the past and still has sediment-charged slopes that might fail in the presence of a seismic or aseismic trigger. The application of traditional onshore methods offshore brings additional challenges related to the processing of recorded data. To overcome these challenges, we perform multibeam bathymetry surveys to precisely locate the OBS on the lake floor and airgun shootings to determine the orientation of the horizontal components of the seismometer and to correct the time drift of the recorder. Then we obtain surface-wave phase velocity dispersion curves of Scholte and Love waves, and Scholte wave ellipticity curves at six subaquatic slopes. After the estimation of the dispersion curves, we deal with their modal identification using mode attribution analysis. The shear-wave velocity and thickness of the sedimentary layers at the investigated slopes are inferred using a transdimensional Bayesian inversion algorithm. The resolved velocity profiles show very low shear-wave velocities in shallow lake sediments and allow us to improve the understanding of the local stratigraphy. This research contributes to the assessment of stability and tsunamigenic potential of subaquatic slopes in Lake Lucerne.
Probabilistic inversion of seafloor compliance for oceanic crustal shear velocity structure using mixture density neural networks
Authors: Mosher S G , Eilon Z , Janiszewski H , Audet P 
Published: August 2021

SUMMARYMeasurements of various physical properties of oceanic sediment and crustal structures provide insight into a number of geological and geophysical processes. In particular, knowledge of the shear wave velocity (VS) structure of marine sediments and oceanic crust has wide ranging implications from geotechnical engineering projects to seismic mantle tomography studies. In this study, we propose a novel approach to nonlinearly invert compliance signals recorded by colocated ocean-bottom seismometers and high-sample-rate pressure gauges for shallow oceanic shear wave velocity structure. The inversion method is based on a type of machine learning neural network known as a mixture density neural network (MDN). We demonstrate the effectiveness of the MDN method on synthetic models with a fixed deployment depth of 2015 m and show that among 30 000 test models, the inverted shear wave velocity profiles achieve an average error of 0.025 km s−1. We then apply the method to observed data recorded by a broad-band ocean-bottom station in the Lau basin, for which a VS profile was estimated using Monte Carlo sampling methods. Using the mixture density network approach, we validate the method by showing that our VS profile is in excellent agreement with the previous result. Finally, we argue that the mixture density network approach to compliance inversion is advantageous over other compliance inversion methods because it is faster and allows for standardized measurements.
Gay and Lesbian Liberation in the Low Countries: From Stonewall to Pink Pillar
Authors: Dupont Wannes 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This article examines the legacy of Stonewall in the Netherlands and Belgium, exploring how the gay and lesbian liberation movement resonated with pre-existing activism, national political cultures, and the peculiar structure of civil society in the Low Countries. American influences were real but limited until the later 1970s when the emergence of anti-gay politics in the US fuelled international solidarity under the flag of Stonewall and Gay Pride. The Dutch and Flemish authorities’ willingness to accommodate the mainstream movements early on limited the appeal and effectiveness of confrontational liberationism.
Safety and Efficacy of Tofacitinib in Combination With Biologic Therapy for Refractory Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Lee Scott David , Singla Anand , Harper Jason , Barahimi Mitra , Jacobs Jeffrey , Kamp Kendra J , Clark-Snustad Kindra Dawn 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe majority of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) will not achieve endoscopic remission on current therapy. Addition of tofacitinib to biologics may improve remission rates.MethodsWe retrospectively assessed safety and clinical and endoscopic effectiveness of off-label tofacitinib and biologics for CD.ResultsWe identified 19 patients treated with tofacitinib and a biologic for refractory CD between 2017 and 2019. Tofacitinib was added for luminal disease on colonoscopy (n = 13), luminal disease on capsule (n = 3), and pyoderma gangrenosum (n = 3). The mean age was 41.2 years (28–62), mean disease was duration 16.9 years (6–36), and prior exposure to biologics was a median of 4 (1–6). Mean treatment duration was 9.6 months (SD, 3.3). Adverse events (AEs) were reported in 36.8% of patients, most commonly minor infection or CD flare, and no patients had a serious AE; 80.0% (n = 8) achieved clinical response, and 60.0% (n = 6) achieved clinical remission based on Harvey-Bradshaw Index. Endoscopic improvement occurred in 54.5% (n = 6), endoscopic remission in 18.2% (n = 2), and endoscopic healing in 18.2% (n = 2) of patients. Mean Simple Endoscopic Score in CD significantly improved from 13.6 ± 5.2 to 6.5 ± 4.0 after treatment (P &lt; .01).ConclusionsIn patients treated with tofacitinib in combination with a biologic, no new safety signals were observed. Combination tofacitinib and a biologic was effective in achieving clinical and endoscopic improvement in some patients with severe, refractory CD, although a larger sample size is needed to further assess the efficacy and long-term safety of this treatment strategy.
Implementation of a mHealth solution to remotely monitor patients on a cardiac surgical waiting list: service evaluation
Authors: Obika Bernard Dillon , Dolezova Nikola , Ponzo Sonia , Valentine Sophie , Shah Sachin , Gledhill Jonathan , Plans David , Nicholson Conor , Walters Cathy , Stephen Laura , Ng Serena , Ayres Janet , Petrou Mario , Bhudia Sunil , Denny Clare , Schrauwers Hillary , Markides Vias 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe emergence of COVID-19 resulted in postponement of nonemergent surgical procedures for cardiac patients in London. mHealth represented a potentially viable mechanism for highlighting deteriorating patients on the lengthened cardiac surgical waiting lists.ObjectiveTo evaluate the deployment of a digital health solution to support continuous triaging of patients on a cardiac surgical waiting list.MethodAn NHS trust utilized an app-based mHealth solution (Huma Therapeutics) to help gather vital information on patients awaiting cardiac surgery (valvular and coronary surgery). Patients at a tertiary cardiac center on a waiting list for elective surgery were given the option to be monitored remotely via a mobile app until their date of surgery. Patients were asked to enter their symptoms once a week. The clinical team monitored this information remotely, prompting intervention for those patients who needed it.ResultsFive hundred and twenty-five patients were on boarded onto the app. Of the 525 patients using the solution, 51 (9.71%) were identified as at risk of deteriorating based on data captured via the remote patient monitoring platform and subsequently escalated to their respective consultant. 81.7% of patients input at least one symptom after they were on boarded on the platform.DiscussionAlthough not a generalizable study, this change in practice clearly demonstrates the feasibility and potential benefit digital remote patient monitoring can have in triaging large surgical wait lists, ensuring those that need care urgently receive it. We recommend further study into the potential beneficial outcomes from preoperative cardiac mHealth solutions.
The nucleolus from a liquid droplet perspective
Authors: Yoneda Mitsuhiro , Nakagawa Takeya , Hattori Naoko , Ito Takashi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The nucleolus is a membrane-less organelle sequestered from the nucleus by liquid droplet formation through a liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS). It plays important roles in cell homoeostasis through its internal thermodynamic changes. Reversible nucleolar transitions between coalescence and dispersion are dependent on the concentrations, conformations and interactions of its molecular liquid droplet-forming components, including DNA, RNA and protein. The liquid droplet-like properties of the nucleolus enable its diverse dynamic roles. The liquid droplet formation mechanism, by which the nucleolus is sequestered from the nucleoplasm despite the absence of a membrane, explains a number of complex nucleolar functions.
Urethral functional reconstruction using a pedicled thigh flap for urethral cutaneous fistula after vulvar necrotizing fasciitis
Authors: Hihara Masakatsu , Kihara Masashi , Mitsui Toshihito , Kakudo Natsuko , Kuro Atsuyuki , Kusumoto Kenji 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The penile and scrotal skin are often resected after vulvar necrotizing fasciitis, so functional and aesthetic vulvar reconstruction is extremely challenging. With widespread and deepened infections, urethral fistulas can develop, forcing penis and scrotal amputations. In cases complicated with a urethral fistula, the wound cannot be treated by simple skin graft surgery, and complicated flap surgery is required. We verified that urethral functional reconstruction using a pedicled thigh flap is a useful technique for managing urethral cutaneous fistulas that develop after necrotizing fasciitis.
Using Smartphones to Capture and Combine Self-Reports and Passively Measured Behavior in Social Research
Authors: Keusch Florian , Conrad Frederick G 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
With the ubiquity of smartphones, it is possible to collect self-reports as well as to passively measure behaviors and states (e.g., locations, movement, activity, and sleep) with native sensors and the smartphone’s operating system, both on a single device that usually accompanies participants throughout the day. This research synthesis brings structure to a rapidly expanding body of literature on the combined collection of self-reports and passive measurement using smartphones, pointing out how and why researchers have combined these two types of data and where more work is needed. We distinguish between five reasons why researchers might want to integrate the two data sources and how this has been helpful: (1) verification, for example, confirming start and end of passively detected trips, (2) contextualization, for example, asking about the purpose of a passively detected trip, (3) quantifying relationships, for example, quantifying the association between self-reported stress and passively measured sleep duration, (4) building composite measures, for example, measuring components of stress that participants are aware of through self-reports and those they are not through passively measured speech attributes, and (5) triggering measurement, for example, asking survey questions contingent on certain passively measured events or participant locations. We discuss challenges of collecting self-reports and passively tracking participants’ behavior with smartphones from the perspective of representation (e.g., who owns a smartphone and who is willing to share their data), measurement (e.g., different levels of temporal granularity in self-reports and passively collected data), and privacy considerations (e.g., the greater intrusiveness of passive measurement than self-reports). While we see real potential in this approach it is not yet clear if its impact will be incremental or will revolutionize the field.