bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is the eclipsing binary RR Dra dancing with a hidden tertiary black hole candidate?
Authors: Wang Zhi-Hua , Zhu Li-Ying 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
Analysis of timing variation of the eclipsing binary RR Dra implies the existence of an additional object with mass of no less than 3.5(±0.2) M⊙. This third object is orbiting around the central eclipsing pair once every 98(±1) yr, making the whole a hierarchical triple system. However, reliable photometric solutions based on light curves from Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite and WASP show that contribution of the third-light takes only about 2 per cent of the total luminosity. It could photometrically be attributed to other unrelated star located within the aperture. The tertiary component is thus a massive object but invisible in optical wavelengths. Besides, evidence of misalignment between the barycenter and the centre of light of the system is also found. This strengthen the existence of a hidden black hole candidate in the form of the third body. The potential black hole may play an essential role in extracting angular momentum from the central binary pair, forming the current state. As a good laboratory, RR Dra is an interesting system that can help to study stellar-mass black hole under the circumbinary case.
Advanced Glycation End Products Associated With Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in Treated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Authors: El Kamari Vanessa , Rodriguez Katherine , Moser Carlee , Currier Judith S , Kelesidis Theodoros , Stein James H , Brown Todd T , Howell Scott K , Beisswenger Paul J , McComsey Grace A 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Despite advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART), people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continue to be at increased risk of cardiometabolic complications compared to HIV-uninfected individuals. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are implicated in the development and progression of cardiometabolic complications in the general population. Their role in HIV remains unclear.

Methods
ACTG A5260s is a prospective open-label randomized trial in which ART-naive people living with HIV were randomized to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate /emtricitabine plus atazanavir/ritonavir, darunavir/ritonavir, or raltegravir over 96 weeks. Changes in circulating AGEs with ART initiation were assessed, and linear regression was used to examine the associations between serum AGEs with carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, total fat, lean mass, body mass index, insulin resistance, leptin, and adiponectin.

Results
Overall, 214 participants were included. Ninety percent were male, 48% were White, the median age was 36 years, median HIV-1 RNA was 4.58 log10 copies/mL, and median CD4 count was 338 cells/µL. Most AGEs remained relatively unchanged following 96 weeks of ART initiation, except for methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone 1 (MG-H1), which increased following 96 weeks of ART (mean fold change, 1.15 [95% confidence interval, 1.02–1.30]). No differences were detected across ART regimens. Increases in AGE levels over time were associated with worsening body fat composition measures, insulin resistance, and cIMT, even after adjusting for clinically relevant factors.

Conclusions
AGE levels did not decrease following ART initiation. Most AGE levels remained stable, except for MG-H1, which increased. In people with HIV on ART, the accumulation of circulating AGEs over time appears to be independently associated with worsening cardiometabolic biomarkers.
Summary: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) does not appear to be effective in reducing advanced glycation end product (AGE) levels. On the contrary, AGE levels seem to increase following ART initiation. Accumulation of AGEs was found to be independently associated with cardiometabolic complications in treated people living with HIV.
Cardiac amyloidosis: diagnostic challenges and recent advancement in the treatment of transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR)
Authors: Rahman Tanvir , Moghadam Reihaneh C , Agarwal Vikram V , Reiss Craig K 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
ATTR-CA is an under-reported cause of congestive heart failure (CHF) and cardiac arrhythmias. Heightened clinical suspicion along with a multimodal investigative approach is often required in diagnosing this potentially fatal condition. Tafamidis and inotersen have shown promising results in terms of progression-free survival by ameliorating CHF symptoms and peripheral neuropathies in clinical trials.
In this case series of five patients, we present three wild-type cardiac amyloidosis (ATTRwt-CA), one familial cardiac amyloidosis (ATTRm-CA) and one primary cardiac (AL-CA). The diagnostic modality was different for each patient. ATTRwt-CA, ATTRm-CA and AL-CA patients received tafamidis, inotersen and chemotherapy with bone marrow stem-cell transplantation, respectively.
Fibroblastic meningioma mimicking an intracerebral hemorrhage: case report
Authors: Devia Diego Armando , Devia David Andrés Armando , Meek Eugenio , Rivera Diego , Feo-Lee Oscar 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
A 50-year-old woman presented to the emergency room complaining of severe headache. A non-contrasted head CT was obtained, which demonstrated a hyperdense image compatible with an intracerebral hemorrhage in the posterior region of the left temporal lobe. The patient displayed no neurological deficit during the consultation and a subsequent MRI showed a temporoinsular bleeding lesion that was suggestive of an atypic meningioma or a metastatic lesion. Afterwards, neck, chest and abdomen CT scans were performed, and the imaging ruled out a secondary neoplasm. The patient underwent surgical resection of the lesion, and a solid tumor was found with no bleeding associated. The pathology reported a WHO I fibroblastic meningioma.
I drank too much and now I can’t walk: a case of alcohol-induced dysautonomia
Authors: Assaker Richard , El Hasbani Georges , Antezana Arturo Alvarez , Gamarra Jose Vargas , Amaya-Suarez Jose , Bertely Christopher , Suleman Natasha 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
Dysautonomia is a dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system, which mediates both sympathetic and parasympathetic functions of the human body. Alcohol has been established to affect the autonomic function through liver injury and accumulation of vasodilators. Alcohol can induce peripheral neurological diseases as well. This case report describes a patient who had a chronic history of alcoholism and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus presenting for orthostatic hypotension and peripheral neuropathy without underlying liver disease or other endocrinopathies. Although diabetes mellitus was controlled pharmacologically and risk factors for orthostatic hypotension were managed conservatively, his symptoms did not improve which indicated an alcohol-related autonomic dysfunction, shedding light on one of long-term complications of alcoholism.
Sudden unexpected death caused by infantile acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Authors: Morota Kei , Shimizu Mariko , Sugitate Ryo , Ide Munenori , Yamato Genki , Tomizawa Daisuke , Muramatsu Kazuhiro , Matsui Atsushi 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
A 7-week-old girl with a normal birth history suddenly developed respiratory distress while feeding. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was initiated at home after she had a cardiac arrest and was continued in the emergency room but all efforts at resuscitation proved unsuccessful and she died 2 h after presentation. Investigations performed in the emergency room revealed that she had a significantly high white blood cell count and severe anaemia. The cause of death was identified as KMT2A-rearranged infantile acute lymphoblastic leukaemia based on cytogenetic tests. She had no abnormalities at the 4-week check-up; however, she developed a skin nodule on her abdomen thereafter, and the family did not consult a doctor for fear of contracting COVID-19. Early detection and diagnosis could have changed the prognosis of the patient. The present case highlights the negative impact of the reduction of outpatient consultations during the COVID-19 pandemic.
HIV-associated intussusception
Authors: Mewaldt Christian , Mehta Raaj 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
A 39-year-old man with untreated HIV presented with watery, non-bloody diarrhea and associated 25-lb weight loss. His workup was notable for a CT abdomen/pelvis which showed an entero-enteric intussusception of 3.4 cm without an underlying pathologic mass. The patient's intussusception resolved without intervention, as is typical of telescoping &lt;3.5 cm. HIV is associated with an increased risk of developing intussusception because of an increased incidence of infectious and neoplastic conditions of the bowel.
Services provided for axial spondyloarthritis patients by rheumatologists in India: a survey
Authors: Pathak Himanshu , Ajmani Sajal , Kumar Ashok , Misra Ramnath 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
We sought to evaluate the current knowledge and attitudes of Indian rheumatologists concerning axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) with respect to recent terminology for diagnosis, management strategies and additional services.

Methods
The survey was designed for spondyloarthritis care given by rheumatologists in the Indian health-care context. The structured survey consisted of a combination of multiple-choice and open-ended questions. An anonymous Web-based questionnaire was sent to 710 members of the Indian Rheumatology Association, and descriptive analysis of responses was done.

Results
The survey respondents were from government and private health-care facilities and gave a response rate of 19% (133 of 710). About 49% of respondents were using the terminology axSpA for a new diagnosis of spondyloarthritis (SpA). BASDAI was used routinely as the main disease monitoring tool by most respondents (76.2%). Same-day MRI was available to 42.9% (51 of 119) respondents. Selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors were the preferred first NSAID for 50% of respondents, and SSZ was the most preferred DMARD for peripheral arthritis. Financial constraints were the most common factor that affected the initiation of biologics and also the most common reason for stopping biological therapies. Nearly 65% (80 of 122) of respondents did not have a multidisciplinary team available in clinical practice, and only 15% of respondents had access to patient support groups.

Conclusion
For a new diagnosis, the terminology of axSpA is not fully accepted by Indian rheumatologists. The axSpA management given by Indian rheumatologists is in agreement with recent guidelines, however, there is a significant lack of accessibility to multidisciplinary care and patient support groups in India.
Winning by Default: Why is There So Little Competition in Government Procurement?
Authors: Kang Karam , Miller Robert A 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Government procurement contracts rarely have many bids, often only one. Motivated by the institutional features of federal procurement, this article develops a principal-agent model where a buyer seeks sellers at a cost and negotiates contract terms with them. The model is identified and estimated with data on IT and telecommunications contracts. We find the benefits of drawing additional sellers are significantly reduced because the procurement agency can extract informational rents from sellers. Another factor explaining the small number of bids is that sellers are relatively homogeneous, conditional on observed project attributes. Administrative hurdles and corruption appear to play very limited roles.
Measuring the Incentive to Collude: The Vitamin Cartels, 1990–99
Authors: Igami Mitsuru , Sugaya Takuo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDo mergers help or hinder collusion? This article studies the stability of the vitamin cartels in the 1990s and presents a repeated-games approach to quantify “coordinated effects” of a merger. We use data and direct evidence from American courts and European agencies to show the collusive incentive of the short-lived vitamin C cartel was likely to be negative when it actually collapsed in 1995, whereas the incentives of the long-lived cartels (vitamins A and E, and beta carotene) were unambiguously positive until the prosecution in 1999. Simulations suggest some mergers could have prolonged the vitamin C cartel, but others could have further destabilized it, because both the direction and magnitude of coordinated effects depend not only on the number of firms but also on their cost asymmetry.
Priority Design in Centralized Matching Markets
Authors: Çelebi Oğuzhan , Flynn Joel P 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In many centralized matching markets, agents’ property rights over objects are derived from a coarse transformation of an underlying score. Prominent examples include the distance-based system employed by Boston Public Schools, where students who lived within a certain radius of each school were prioritized over all others, and the income-based system used in New York public housing allocation, where eligibility is determined by a sharp income cutoff. Motivated by this, we study how to optimally coarsen an underlying score. Our main result is that, for any continuous objective function and under stable matching mechanisms, the optimal design can be attained by splitting agents into at most three indifference classes for each object. We provide insights into this design problem in three applications: distance-based scores in Boston Public Schools, test-based scores for Chicago exam schools, and income-based scores in New York public housing allocation.
A pilot examination of the inter-rater reliability of the 18-item Household Food Security Module between cohabiting mothers and fathers
Authors: Foster Jaime S , Adamsons Kari , Schwartz Marlene B , Taylor Emily A , Mobley Amy R 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Food insecurity, defined as the inability to access sufficient food for an active, healthy life, affects 11.1% of the US population and is primarily assessed using the United States Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) 18-item Household Food Security Survey Module (HFSSM). The HFSSM is a self-report measure presumed to represent all household members, but it is unknown if cohabiting parents report food security differently. This pilot study aimed to determine (i) the inter-rater reliability of the HFSSM; (ii) the direction of any difference between responses to the HFSSM; and (iii) the item-level response similarities and differences among mothers and fathers of young children. Twenty-five pairs of low-income, food-insecure cohabiting parents of 2.5- to 10-year-old children participated in cognitive interviews assessing their level of food security using the USDA’s HFSSM and completed related questionnaires. Intraclass correlations were computed to compare the responses of each dyad on the HFSSM overall and by item. Results revealed that overall report of food security was significantly but weakly correlated (r = .40, p = .02) within dyads. The majority of fathers (60%) reported higher food security scores on the HFSSM than their respective female partners. Furthermore, item-level intraclass correlations revealed that some HFSSM questions had poor reliability between cohabiting parents. This research identifies that a potential shortcoming of the HFSSM is the under-reporting of food insecurity by fathers compared with mothers within the household. These findings have implications for the utility of this measure used in national monitoring of the nation’s food security.
Should Facebook advertisements promoting a physical activity smartphone app be image or video-based, and should they promote benefits of being active or the app attributes?
Authors: Northcott Celine , Curtis Rachel , Bogomolova Svetlana , Olds Timothy , Vandelanotte Corneel , Plotnikoff Ronald , Maher Carol 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Social media provides a convenient platform for health campaigns. However, practitioners designing such campaigns are faced with a number of decisions regarding advertising formats and appeals. This study set out to compare the effectiveness of two advertising formats (image vs. video) and two advertising appeals (benefits of being active vs. app attributes and features) for promoting a physical-activity smartphone app. The advertising experiment was conducted on Facebook and employed a 2 × 2 full-factorial experimental design, examining two advertising formats: image versus video and two advertising appeals: benefit versus attribute. Outcome measures were advertisement cost (number of viewers reached according to the amount spent) and consumer engagement (rates of advertisement click-through and app downloads). Chi-Square analysis revealed that advertisement cost was found to differ according to the type of advertising format used, with image advertisements achieving a greater audience reach than video advertisements (χ 2(1) = 905.292, p &lt; .001). Consumer engagement also differed according to advertising format and appeal: images achieved high rates of advertisement click-through (2.7% vs. 1.9%; χ 2(1) = 196.9, p &lt; .001) and app downloads (0.6% vs. 0.5%; χ 2(1) = 4.0, p = .044) compared with videos. Furthermore, benefit appeal advertisements were more effective than attribute appeals, yielding a greater rate of advertisement click-through (2.8% vs. 1.8%; χ 2(1) = 282.2, p &lt; .001) and app downloads (0.7% vs. 0.4%; χ 2(1) =106.0, p &lt; .001). Overall, image advertisements were seen to be the most cost-effective and engaging. Advertisements employing a benefit appeal achieved greater consumer engagement than and attribute appeal advertisements.
User-centered development of a smartphone application (Fit2Thrive) to promote physical activity in breast cancer survivors
Authors: Welch Whitney A , Solk Payton , Auster-Gussman Lisa , Gavin Kara L , Whitaker Madelyn , Cullather Erin , Izenman Emily , Courneya Kerry S , Ackermann Ronald , Spring Bonnie , Cella David , Penedo Frank , Phillips Siobhan M 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIncreased moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is associated with better health outcomes in breast cancer survivors; yet, most are insufficiently active. Smartphone applications (apps) to promote MVPA have high scalability potential, but few evidence-based apps exist. The purpose is to describe the testing and usability of Fit2Thrive, a MVPA promotion app for breast cancer survivors. A user-centered, iterative design process was utilized on three independent groups of participants. Two groups of breast cancer survivors (group 1 n = 8; group 2: n = 14) performed app usability field testing by interacting with the app for ≥3 days in a free-living environment. App refinements occurred following each field test. The Post-Study System Usability Questionnaire (PSSUQ) and the User Version Mobile Application Rating Scale (uMARS) assessed app usability and quality on a 7- and 5-point scale, respectively, and women provided qualitative written feedback. A third group (n = 15) rated potential app notification content. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were analyzed using a directed content analysis. The PSSUQ app usability score (M1= 3.8; SD = 1.4 vs. M2= 3.2; SD = 1.1; lower scores are better) and uMARS app quality score (M1 = 3.4; SD = 1.3 vs. M2= 3.4; SD = 0.6; higher scores are better) appeared to improve in Field Test 2. Group 1 participants identified app “clunkiness,” whereas group 2 participants identified issues with error messaging/functionality. Group 3 “liked” 53% of the self-monitoring, 71% of the entry reminder, 60% of the motivational, and 70% of the goal accomplishment notifications. Breast cancer survivors indicated that the Fit2Thrive app was acceptable and participants were able to use the app. Future work will test the efficacy of this app to increase MVPA.
Defeating meningitis by 2030 – an ambitious target
Authors: Greenwood Brian , Sow Samba , Preziosi Marie-Pierre 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Acute bacterial meningitis remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity, especially in lower-income countries. Thus, in 2017, a group of people concerned with this continuing problem came together to plan a way forward. A task force was established, a baseline situation analysis undertaken and a road map for a new initiative ‘Defeating Meningitis by 2030’ prepared. This road map will be launched officially in September 2021. Additional finances for meningitis control will be needed, together with the support of many different institutions and people with different skills, if the ‘Defeating Meningitis by 2030’ initiative is to achieve its ambitious goals.
Consumption Subaggregates Should Not Be Used to Measure Poverty
Authors: Christiaensen Luc , Ligon Ethan , Sohnesen Thomas Pave 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Frequent measurement of poverty is challenging because measurement often relies on complex and expensive expenditure surveys that try to measure expenditures on a comprehensive consumption aggregate. This paper investigates the use of consumption “subaggregates” instead. The use of consumption subaggregates is theoretically justified if and only if all Engel curves are linear for any realization of prices. This is very stringent. However, it may be possible to empirically identify certain goods that happen to have linear Engel curves given prevailing prices, and when the effect of price changes is small, such a subaggregate might work in practice. The paper constructs such linear subaggregates using data from Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda. The findings show that using subaggregates is ill advised in practice as well as in theory. This also raises questions about the consistency of the poverty tracking efforts currently applied across countries, since obtaining exhaustive consumption measures remains an unmet challenge.
Molecular Diagnostic Yield of Exome Sequencing in Patients With Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Moreno-De-Luca Andrés , Millan Francisca , Pesacreta Denis R. , Elloumi Houda Z. , Oetjens Matthew T. , Teigen Claire , Wain Karen E. , Scuffins Julie , Myers Scott M. , Torene Rebecca I. , Gainullin Vladimir G. , Arvai Kevin , Kirchner H. Lester , Ledbetter David H. , Retterer Kyle , Martin Christa L. 
Published: August 2021

(Abstracted from JAMA 2021;325:467–475)
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a nonprogressive neurodevelopmental disorder that affects early motor development and typically impairs movement and posture. The adult population with CP is increasing as the life expectancy increases with changes in medical and social care.