bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kupffer cell receptor CLEC4F is important for the destruction of desialylated platelets in mice
Authors: Jiang Yizhi , Tang Yaqiong , Hoover Christopher , Kondo Yuji , Huang Dongping , Restagno Damien , Shao Bojing , Gao Liang , Michael McDaniel J. , Zhou Meixiang , Silasi-Mansat Robert , McGee Samuel , Jiang Miao , Bai Xia , Lupu Florea , Ruan Changgeng , Marth Jamey D. , Wu Depei , Han Yue , Xia Lijun 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe liver has recently been identified as a major organ for destruction of desialylated platelets. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Kupffer cells, which are professional phagocytic cells in the liver, comprise the largest population of resident tissue macrophages in the body. Kupffer cells express a C-type lectin receptor, CLEC4F, that recognizes desialylated glycans with an unclear in vivo role in mediating platelet destruction. In this study, we generated a CLEC4F-deficient mouse model (Clec4f−/−) and found that CLEC4F was specifically expressed by Kupffer cells. Using the Clec4f−/− mice and a newly generated platelet-specific reporter mouse line, we revealed a critical role for CLEC4F on Kupffer cells in mediating destruction of desialylated platelets in the liver in vivo. Platelet clearance experiments and ultrastructural analysis revealed that desialylated platelets were phagocytized predominantly by Kupffer cells in a CLEC4F-dependent manner in mice. Collectively, these findings identify CLEC4F as a Kupffer cell receptor important for the destruction of desialylated platelets induced by bacteria-derived neuraminidases, which provide new insights into the pathogenesis of thrombocytopenia in disease conditions such as sepsis.
BMI1 regulates multiple myeloma-associated macrophage’s pro-myeloma functions
Authors: Zhang Danfeng , Huang Jingcao , Wang Fangfang , Ding Hong , Cui Yushan , Yang Yan , Xu Juan , Luo Hongmei , Gao Yuhan , Pan Ling , Wu Yu , Gong Yuping , Xie Liping , Liu Zhigang , Qu Ying , Zhang Li , Liu Weiping , Zhang Wenyan , Zhao Sha , Yi Qing , Niu Ting , Zheng Yuhuan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) is an aggressive malignancy characterized by terminally differentiated plasma cells accumulation in the bone marrow (BM). MM BM exhibits elevated MΦs (macrophages) numbers relative to healthy BM. Current evidence indicates that MM-MΦs (MM-associated macrophages) have pro-myeloma functions, and BM MM-MΦs numbers negatively correlate with patient survival. Here, we found that BMI1, a polycomb-group protein, modulates the pro-myeloma functions of MM-MΦs, which expressed higher BMI1 levels relative to normal MΦs. In the MM tumor microenvironment, hedgehog signaling in MΦs was activated by MM-derived sonic hedgehog, and BMI1 transcription subsequently activated by c-Myc. Relative to wild-type MM-MΦs, BMI1-KO (BMI1 knockout) MM-MΦs from BM cells of BMI1-KO mice exhibited reduced proliferation and suppressed expression of angiogenic factors. Additionally, BMI1-KO MM-MΦs lost their ability to protect MM cells from chemotherapy-induced cell death. In vivo analysis showed that relative to wild-type MM-MΦs, BMI1-KO MM-MΦs lost their pro-myeloma effects. Together, our data show that BMI1 mediates the pro-myeloma functions of MM-MΦs.
A novel lncRNA SOX2OT promotes the malignancy of human colorectal cancer by interacting with miR-194-5p/SOX5 axis
Authors: Feng Ye , Xu Ying , Gao Yongjian , Chen Yiying , Wang Xuefeng , Chen Zhi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) show emerging roles in colorectal cancer (CRC) development and are considered to be involved in the potential mechanism of tumor malignancy. While Sox2 overlapping transcript (SOX2OT) has been implicated in the progression of multiple cancers, its role in CRC remains to be explored. In this study, in situ hybridization (ISH) and qRT-PCR were performed to establish the functional relationships between SOX2OT and CRC deranged in CRC tissue and cells. Subsequently, SOX2OT shRNAs vectors were transfected into CRC cells to performed loss-of-function assays to detect the potential role of SOX2OT on proliferation and metastasis in vitro and vivo. The results showed SOX2OT was an oncogene that was up-regulated in human CRC tissues and cell lines. SOX2OT silencing suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in CRC cells in vitro, and inhibited tumorigenesis in the mouse xenografts. Bioinformatic predictive analysis coupled with the dual-luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and functional rescue assay elucidated the mechanistic network of the SOX2OT-miR-194-5p-SOX5 axis in CRC. Mechanistically, SOX2OT acted as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to upregulate SOX5 by sponging miR-194-5p. Downregulated SOX2OT boosted miR-194-5p expression, thus decreased the protein level of SOX5, which suppresses tumorgenesis of CRC.
Novel fragile X syndrome 2D and 3D brain models based on human isogenic FMRP-KO iPSCs
Authors: Brighi Carlo , Salaris Federico , Soloperto Alessandro , Cordella Federica , Ghirga Silvia , de Turris Valeria , Rosito Maria , Porceddu Pier Francesca , D’Antoni Chiara , Reggiani Angelo , Rosa Alessandro , Di Angelantonio Silvia 
Published: May 2021

AbstractFragile X syndrome (FXS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, characterized by intellectual disability and sensory deficits, caused by epigenetic silencing of the FMR1 gene and subsequent loss of its protein product, fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). Delays in synaptic and neuronal development in the cortex have been reported in FXS mouse models; however, the main goal of translating lab research into pharmacological treatments in clinical trials has been so far largely unsuccessful, leaving FXS a still incurable disease. Here, we generated 2D and 3D in vitro human FXS model systems based on isogenic FMR1 knock-out mutant and wild-type human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) lines. Phenotypical and functional characterization of cortical neurons derived from FMRP-deficient hiPSCs display altered gene expression and impaired differentiation when compared with the healthy counterpart. FXS cortical cultures show an increased number of GFAP positive cells, likely astrocytes, increased spontaneous network activity, and depolarizing GABAergic transmission. Cortical brain organoid models show an increased number of glial cells, and bigger organoid size. Our findings demonstrate that FMRP is required to correctly support neuronal and glial cell proliferation, and to set the correct excitation/inhibition ratio in human brain development.
Beraprost ameliorates postmenopausal osteoporosis by regulating Nedd4-induced Runx2 ubiquitination
Authors: Zheng Huo-Liang , Xu Wen-Ning , Zhou Wen-Sheng , Yang Run-Ze , Chen Peng-Bo , Liu Tao , Jiang Lei-Sheng , Jiang Sheng-Dan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBone health requires adequate bone mass, which is maintained by a critical balance between bone resorption and formation. In our study, we identified beraprost as a pivotal regulator of bone formation and resorption. The administration of beraprost promoted differentiation of mouse bone mesenchymal stem cells (M-BMSCs) through the PI3K–AKT pathway. In co-culture, osteoblasts stimulated with beraprost inhibited osteoclastogenesis in a rankl-dependent manner. Bone mass of p53 knockout mice remained stable, regardless of the administration of beraprost, indicating that p53 plays a vital role in the bone mass regulation by beraprost. Mechanistic in vitro studies showed that p53 binds to the promoter region of neuronal precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated 4 (Nedd4) to promote its transcription. As a ubiquitinating enzyme, Nedd4 binds to runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), which results in its ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. These data indicate that the p53–Nedd4–Runx2 axis is an effective regulator of bone formation and highlight the potential of beraprost as a therapeutic drug for postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Long noncoding RNA LYPLAL1-AS1 regulates adipogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells by targeting desmoplakin and inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway
Authors: Yang Yanlei , Fan Junfen , Xu Haoying , Fan Linyuan , Deng Luchan , Li Jing , Li Di , Li Hongling , Zhang Fengchun , Zhao Robert Chunhua 
Published: May 2021

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs are crucial factors for modulating adipogenic differentiation, but only a few have been identified in humans. In the current study, we identified a previously unknown human long noncoding RNA, LYPLAL1-antisense RNA1 (LYPLAL1-AS1), which was dramatically upregulated during the adipogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs). Based on 5′ and 3′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends assays, full-length LYPLAL1-AS1 was 523 nt. Knockdown of LYPLAL1-AS1 decreased the adipogenic differentiation of hAMSCs, whereas overexpression of LYPLAL1-AS1 enhanced this process. Desmoplakin (DSP) was identified as a direct target of LYPLAL1-AS1. Knockdown of DSP enhanced adipogenic differentiation and rescued the LYPLAL1-AS1 depletion-induced defect in adipogenic differentiation of hAMSCs. Further experiments showed that LYPLAL1-AS1 modulated DSP protein stability possibly via proteasome degradation, and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway was inhibited during adipogenic differentiation regulated by the LYPLAL1-AS1/DSP complex. Together, our work provides a new mechanism by which long noncoding RNA regulates adipogenic differentiation of human MSCs and suggests that LYPLAL1-AS1 may serve as a novel therapeutic target for preventing and combating diseases related to abnormal adipogenesis, such as obesity.
Mechanisms of microbe-immune system dialogue within the skin
Authors: Lunjani Nonhlanhla , Ahearn-Ford Sinead , Dube Felix S. , Hlela Carol , O’Mahony Liam 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe prevalence and severity of dermatological conditions such as atopic dermatitis have increased dramatically during recent decades. Many of the factors associated with an altered risk of developing inflammatory skin disorders have also been shown to alter the composition and diversity of non-pathogenic microbial communities that inhabit the human host. While the most densely microbial populated organ is the gut, culture and non-culture-based technologies have revealed a dynamic community of bacteria, fungi, viruses and mites that exist on healthy human skin, which change during disease. In this review, we highlight some of the recent findings on the mechanisms through which microbes interact with each other on the skin and the signalling systems that mediate communication between the immune system and skin-associated microbes. In addition, we summarize the ongoing clinical studies that are targeting the microbiome in patients with skin disorders. While significant efforts are still required to decipher the mechanisms underpinning host-microbe communication relevant to skin health, it is likely that disease-related microbial communities, or Dermatypes, will help identify personalized treatments and appropriate microbial reconstitution strategies.
Room‐temperature quantum cascade laser packaged module at ∼8 μm designed for high‐frequency response
Authors: Yang Ke , Liu Junqi , Zhai Shenqiang , Zhang Jinchuan , Zhuo Ning , Wang Lijun , Liu Shuman , Liu Fengqi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA high‐speed, room‐temperature quantum cascade laser packaged module emitting at 8.14 μm is presented. The cavity length of the laser is as small as 0.5 mm, and the threshold current at 298 K is 110 mA. A matching printed circuit board is inserted into the packaged module to reduce the RC constant. As a result, the rectification response of packaged module is relatively flat upto 2 GHz and the –3 dB cut‐off frequency is increased from 0.9 to 2.2 GHz.
48‐Gbit/s 8K video‐transmission using resonant tunnelling diodes in 300‐GHz band
Authors: Webber J. , Oshiro A. , Iwamatsu S. , Nishida Y. , Fujita M. , Nagatsuma T. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe authors report on a real‐time 48‐Gbit/s terahertz band wireless communication experiment employing a pair of resonant tunnelling diodes at the receiver and uni‐travelling carrier photodiodes at the transmitter. The wireless transmission of uncompressed full‐resolution 8K ultra high‐definition television video signal is successfully demonstrated in the 300‐GHz band for the first time.
A 56 Gbps 4‐tap PAM‐4 direct decision feedback equaliser with negative capacitance employing dynamic CML comparators in 65‐nm CMOS
Authors: Wang Dengjie , Zhao Zeliang , Wang Ziqiang , Zhang Chun , Wang Zhihua , Chen Hong 
Published: May 2021

AbstractHere, a 4‐level pulse amplitude modulation direct decision feedback equaliser (DFE) with a novel dynamic current‐mode‐logic comparator (DCMLC) is presented. The DCMLC breaks the trade‐off between settling time and regeneration time in traditional CML comparator design by utilizing dynamic logic and separately optimizes the tracking stage and regeneration stage for a correct latch operation at ultrahigh speed. Compared with the traditional CML comparator, the DCMLC reduces delay by 36% and has better input sensitivity on high baud rates at the cost of 7% shrunk output swing. The negative capacitance is adopted to achieve a 0.5 dB bandwidth extension ratio of up to 1.89. The reduced delay and wider bandwidth of the proposed comparator allow the implementation of 4‐tap direct DFE at 56 Gbps with 2.8 pJ/bit energy efficiency and an active area of 0.007 mm2 in 65‐nm CMOS technology.
Study on the performance of multi‐branch modular permanent magnet motor affected by magnetic pole segmentation
Authors: Teng XiaoYuan , Li Yan , Feng GuiHong , Zhang BingYi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTo better address the requirements of integrated equipment, here, a multi‐branch modular permanent magnet motor using a toroidal winding with reverse turn coils is proposed. High‐speed motors have a large winding span, and the use of a toroidal winding with reverse turn coils in place of lap windings can effectively shorten the length of the motor end. Motor modularisation can improve production, assembly efficiency, and the maintenance economy. To innovate the windings from a basic toroidal winding, a modularised toroidal winding with reverse turn coil is proposed which enables the motor to be decoupled in electrical and mechanical structures. The inductance parameter calculation and finite element simulation verification are carried out on the new winding structure and the lap windings. The feasibility of the 60‐degree phase toroidal winding with a reverse turn coil structure with reverse turns is also assessed. The no‐load back electromotive force of the new winding structure is a square wave, which will bring certain torque fluctuations. To improve the performance of the motor, the method of radial magnetic pole segmentation is used, and the new magnetic pole is analysed and verified by the segmented magnetic circuit. Finally, the combination of magnetic pole segmentation is explored, and the effect of different segmentation methods on the performance of the motor is compared.
Accurate modelling based on a subdomain method for heteropolar radial magnetic bearing with a solid rotor
Authors: Yu Chunmin , Deng Zhiquan , Mei Lei , Chen Shangsi , Peng Cong , Ding Qiang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this paper, an analytical model based on the subdomain method is proposed for heteropolar radial magnetic bearings (HRMBs) with a solid rotor. Due to the eddy current effects of the solid rotor in varying magnetic fields, accurate analytical models with no eddy current effects and eddy current effects are established for electromagnetic analysis. First, the HRMB is divided into two regions, including the slot region and air region, and three regions, including the slot region, air region, and rotor region, to determine whether eddy currents are considered. The static analytical model and dynamic analytical model are established separately. Furthermore, the air gap magnetic density is derived utilising vector equations and boundary conditions. The analytical model is verified by finite element analysis. Ultimately, the parameters of the HRMB are optimised, while the analytical results are compared with the prototype’s experiment results.
Spatial‐tree filter for cost aggregation in stereo matching
Authors: Jin Yusheng , Zhao Hong , Bu Penghui 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe desired solution to many labelling problems in computer vision is a spatially smooth result where label changes are aligned with the edges of the guidance image. It can be obtained traditionally by smoothing the label costs using edge‐aware filters. However, local filters incorporate the information in a local support region to obtain locally‐optimal and non‐local tree‐based filters, which often overuse piece‐wise constant assumptions. In this paper, we propose a spatial‐tree filter for cost aggregation. The tree model incorporates the spatial affinity into the tree structure. The tree distance between two pixels on our spatial tree is an approximated geodesic distance, which acts as a pixel similarity metric. The filtering process was implemented by recursively techniques in four directions: Top‐to‐bottom, left‐to‐right, and vice‐versa. Thus, the complexity of our approach is linear to the number of image pixels. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our spatial‐tree filter in image smoothing and stereo matching. Our method performs better than the existing tree‐based non‐local method in cost aggregation.
Self‐learning tuning of coaxial cavity filter by using the poles and residues of admittance function
Authors: Wu Shengbiao , Luo Xianxi , Zhou Huanying , Liu Guoquan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTo solve the complexity and blindness of the tuning process in the manufacture of microwave cavity filters, this study proposes a self‐learning tuning method based on the poles and residues of the admittance function. First, the improved Cauchy's method based on the differential evolution algorithm is used to extract the poles and residues of the admittance parameters (Y‐parameters) in a non‐ideal environment, and the effect of different port phase shifts and cavity losses on the accuracy of parameter extraction is overcome. Second, a parametric model based on the experience and data fusion via the fuzzy neural network method is established according to the collected non‐linear relation data. Furthermore, problems such as poor data reliability, low modelling accuracy and weak generalisation ability are solved. On this basis, an adaptive optimisation tuning of microwave cavity filters using an implicit space‐mapping algorithm is proposed and problems such as convergence difficulty and dependence on the initial value are solved. The results of the online simulation show that the proposed method has a high tuning accuracy and fast tuning ability.
Modelling and analysis of inertia self‐tuning phase control strategy for a floating multi‐body wave energy converter
Authors: Yang Shaohui , Chen Hu , Ji Zhifei , Li Hui , Xiang Xu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWave energy converters (WECs) exhibit higher energy capture capacity when the wave frequency is close to the nature frequency of the device. A possible way to enhance energy capture efficiency is to modify the nature frequency of a WEC to match the incoming wave frequency. This paper presents an inertia self‐tuning phase control strategy which can optimize the wave energy capture efficiency of a floating multi‐body (FMB) WEC by regulating automatically the total mass of the capture energy part according to the incoming wave conditions. A variable‐frequency inertia self‐tuning control system is designed to conduct the proposed control strategy. The mathematical model of rotational motion of the FMB WEC is built and the dynamic performance of the control system is analysed in detail. Simulation results illustrate the proposed control strategy can achieve a phase optimization and hence significantly improve wave energy extraction of the FMB WEC in both regular and irregular waves. For regular waves, the maximum capture width ratio)CWR( under the control strategy is 7.3 times higher than that no control strategy is used. For irregular waves, the maximum CWR under the control strategy is 4.4 times that without the control strategy at the same wave frequency.
Long non‐coding RNAs and their targets as potential biomarkers in breast cancer
Authors: Khalid Maryam , Paracha Rehan Zafar , Nisar Maryum , Malik Sumaira , Tariq Salma , Arshad Iqra , Siddiqa Amnah , Hussain Zamir , Ahmad Jamil , Ali Amjad 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBreast cancer is among the lethal types of cancer with a high mortality rate, globally. Its high prevalence can be controlled through improved analysis and identification of disease‐specific biomarkers. Recently, long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported as key contributors of carcinogenesis and regulate various cellular pathways through post‐transcriptional regulatory mechanisms. The specific aim of this study was to identify the novel interactions of aberrantly expressed genetic components in breast cancer by applying integrative analysis of publicly available expression profiles of both lncRNAs and mRNAs. Differential expression patterns were identified by comparing the breast cancer expression profiles of samples with controls. Significant co‐expression networks were identified through WGCNA analysis. WGCNA is a systems biology approach used to elucidate the pattern of correlation between genes across microarray samples. It is also used to identify the highly correlated modules. The results obtained from this study revealed significantly differentially expressed and co‐expressed lncRNAs and their cis‐ and trans‐regulating mRNA targets which include RP11‐108F13.2 targeting TAF5L, RPL23AP2 targeting CYP4F3, CYP4F8 and AL022324.2 targeting LRP5L, AL022324.3, and Z99916.3, respectively. Moreover, pathway analysis revealed the involvement of identified mRNAs and lncRNAs in major cell signalling pathways, and target mRNAs expression is also validated through cohort data. Thus, the identified lncRNAs and their target mRNAs represent novel biomarkers that could serve as potential therapeutics for breast cancer and their roles could also be further validated through wet labs to employ them as potential therapeutic targets in future.
The Current Status of Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor to Treat Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure
Authors: Engelmann Cornelius , Martino Vincent Di , Kerbert Annarein J.C. , Weil-Verhoeven Delphine , Aehling Niklas Friedemann , Herber Adam , Thévenot Thierry , Berg Thomas 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPatients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) have a devastating prognosis and therapeutic options are limited. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) mobilizes immune and stem cells and possess immune-modulatory and proregenerative capacities. In this review, we aim to define the current evidence for the treatment with G-CSF in end-stage liver disease. Several smaller clinical trials in patients with different severity grades of end-stage liver disease have shown that G-CSF improves survival and reduces the rate of complications. Adequately powered multicenter European trials could not confirm these beneficial effects. In mouse models of ACLF, G-CSF increased the toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated inflammatory response which led to an increase in mortality. Adding a TLR4 signaling inhibitor allowed G-CSF to unfold its proregenerative properties in these ACLF models. These data suggest that G-CSF requires a noninflammatory environment to exert its protective properties.