bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Keracunan coklat pada anjing: manajemen terapi dan pencegahan
Authors: Yanuartono Yanuartono , Nururrozi Alfarisa - , Indarjulianto Soedarmanto - , Raharjo Slamet - , Purnamaningsih Hary - , Haribowo Nurman - 
Published: January 2021

Chocolate poisoning has long been recognized as a common cause mostly in dogs, although many species are susceptible. Contributing factors include indiscriminate eating habits and readily available sources of chocolate. In general, the poisoning resulted from a lack of public knowledge of the health hazard to dogs that may be imposed by these products.Chocolate is derived from the seeds of the plant Theobroma cacao, and the main toxic components are the methylxanthine alkaloids theobromine and caffeine, causing gastrointestinal, cardiovascular and central nervous signs. Diagnosis is based on history of exposure, along with clinical signs. Amphetamine or cocaine toxicosis, and ingestion of antihistamines, antidepressants, or other CNS stimulants should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Stabilization of symptomatic animals is a priority in treating chocolate toxicosis. Although there is no specific antidote, supportive management includes induction of vomiting and administration of activated charcoal, oxygen, and intravenous fluids. Preventing exposure is the key to reducing the incidence of these poisoning episodes. Therefore, it is important to increase the knowledge of dogs owners with regard to foodstuffs that must not be fed to dogs and should be stored outside their reach.
Deteksi Staphylococcus aureus dan Staphylococcus sp. Secara Langsung Dari Susu Segar Kambing Peranakan Etawa dengan Teknik PCR
Authors: Aziz Fatkhanuddin - , Lestari Fajar Budi , S. Sarah Nuraida , Purwati Endah , Salasia Siti Isrina Oktavia 
Published: January 2021

Genus Staphylococcus merupakan salah satu patogen bakteri penyebab mastitis yang menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi pada kambing Peranakan Etawa. Diantara Staphylococcus sp. yang dapat tumbuh dengan baik dalam susu segar, diketahui Staphylococcus aureus dapat membahayakan kesehatan manusia yang mengkonsumsi (food borne disease) karena kemampuannya dalam memproduksi enterotoksin yang tahan terhadap enzim pencernaan maupun pemanasan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeteksi Staphylococcus sp. dan S. aureus secara langsung dari susu kambing peranakan etawa dengan teknik PCR.Metode yang dilakukan adalah mengekstraksi DNA dari 60 sample susu segar dengan prinsip spin column-based nucleic acid purification dan kemudian dilakukan amplifikasi gen spesifik 23S rRNA Staphylococcus sp. dan S. aureus. Hasil PCR diketahui 37 (61%) sampel susu positif mengandung Staphylococcus sp. dan hanya 1 (1,6%) sampel mengandung S. aureus. Metode deteksi dengan PCR dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi kontaminan Staphylococcus sp. dan S. aureus dengan waktu yang singkat
Определение законов неоднородности покрытия цилиндра, находящегося в плоском волноводе, для обеспечения минимального отражение звука
Authors: Толоконников Лев Алексеевич , Белкин Антон Эдуардович 
Published: January 2021

В статье рассматривается обратная задача об определении законов неоднородности упругого покрытия абсолютно жесткого цилиндра, находящегося в плоском волноводе, одна граница которого - абсолютно жесткая, а другая - акустически мягкая. Полагается, что волновод заполнен идеальной жидкостью. Вдоль стенок волновода по нормали к поверхности цилиндрического тела распространяется гармоническая звуковая волна давления,возбуждаемая заданным распределением источников на сечении волновода, расположенного на конечном расстоянии от оси цилиндра. Определены параметры неоднородности покрытия, обеспечивающие наименьшее звукоотражение.Решение обратной задачи получено на основе решения прямой задачи дифракции. Зависимости плотности и модулей упругости материала покрытия от радиальной координаты аппроксимированы многочленами третьей степени.Построены функционалы,определенные на классе кубических функций и выражающие усредненную интенсивность рассеяния звука в заданном сечении волновода при фиксированной частоте или в некотором диапазоне частот.С помощью генетического алгоритма осуществлена минимизация функционалов. Получено аналитическое описание оптимальных законов неоднородности покрытия цилиндра для обеспечения минимального звукоотражения.
ANALISIS KESALAHAN MORFOLOGI DALAM PENULISAN MAKALAH MAHASISWA HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH IAIN SURAKARTA
Authors: Syafi'i Bahaudin Alfiansyah , Niha Ira Khoirun , Nisaa' Silfiyatun 
Published: January 2021

This research aims to find the forms of language errors in the making of papers by students of Islamic Economics Law (HES), in particular class D in the semester VI of the 2019 academic year at the State Islamic Institute of Surakarta. To reach this goal, we employ a combination of descriptive and qualitative methods. We focused on the written errors in the linguistic field of morphology. The data were obtained through the note-taking method. They were then analysed was by making groups of the data, proceed with a presentation of the data, and verification of the data. The results of the study show 13 kinds of errors in the field of morphology. They are the writing the prefix di- that should be merged into non-merging and vice versa, the writing of the prefix ber-, the writing of prefix me-, the writing of the prefix ter-, the use of suffix -nya, the use of suffix -kan, the combination of the prefix di- with suffix -kan, the writing of prefix me- in combination with suffix -i, the use of prepositions, the writing of the simulphic me -kan, the use of confix ke-an, and the writing of confix per-an. These results indicate that students must continue to learn the rules in scientific writing that refer to the General Indonesian Spelling Guidelines (PUEBI).
PARENTING IN THE QUR’ANIC PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Sumayah Sumayah Sumayah 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan Parenting dalam Perspektif Al-Qur’an. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan. Pendekatan yang digunakan, dalam masalah ini didasarkan pada ajaran-ajaran Islam. Metode yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini deskriptif analitis yang memanfaatkan kajian kepustakaan dan mengkonsentrasikan perhatian pada sumber-sumber rujukan yang dihubungkan dengan topic yang dibahas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa parenting dalam perspektif Al-Qur’an berlangsung selamanya. Parenting bersifat demokratis. Ibu dan ayah bekerja merawat anak-anaknya secara gotong royong. Parenting dimulai sejak kehamilan seorang ibu. Kedua orang tua diwajibkan memperhatikan anak-anaknya dari awal kehidupan anak-anak sampai masa hidup orang tua berakhir. Kedua orang tua harus mendukung kebutuhan fisik dan mental anak-anaknya sampai anak-anak cukup kuat untuk mandiri secara fisik dan mental. Dalam ajaran Islam, ada parenting sosial untuk anak-anak yatim. Orang Islam diwajibkan untuk merawat mereka.
Analisis Kandungan N, P, K, Porositas Media Pembibitan dan Pertumbuhan Bibit Sengon Paraserianthes falcataria (L) Nielsen
Authors: Santosa Slamet , Umar Muhammad Ruslan , Amir Nur Jannah 
Published: January 2021

Media pembibitan merupakan faktor eksternal yang juga menentukan pertumbuhan bibit tanaman. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis kandungan N,P, K, porosita,s dan pertumbuhan bibit sengon Paraserianthes falcataria (L) Nielsen pada 5 macam media pembibitan. Media pembibitan dibuat dari tanah ultisol dicampur sekam padi atau serbuk gergaji dengan takaran berbeda lalu diinkubasi selama 30 hari. Hasil analisis kandungan N total media M1 yaitu 0.18% (kategori rendah); media M2, M3, M4 dan M5, berkisar antara 0.20-0.50% (kategori sedang). Kandungan P media M1 yaitu 13.98 mg/kg (kategori rendah); media M2, M3, M4 dan M5, berkisar antara 26-35 mg/kg (kategori tinggi). Kandungan K semua media berkisar antara 9.68-18.63 me/100g (kategori tinggi). Porositas media M1= 52%; M2=66%; M3 = 84%; M4 = 75% dan M5 =71%. Hasil analisis pertumbuhan bibit sengon P. falcataria (L) Nielsen pada 5 media pembibitan yaitu: tinggi = 12.3-17.5 cm; diameter batang = 0.65-0.85 cm; jumlah daun = 110–140 helai dan panjang akar = 9.0–14.3 cm. Media pembibitan M3 berbahan tanah ultisol 50% dan sekam padi 50% menghasilkan kandungan N sedang, kandungan P dan K tinggi, porositas tertinggi, dan menghasilkan pertumbuhan bibit sengon P. falcataria (L) Nielsen terbaik.
Status Kepunahan dan Upaya Konservasi Jenis-jenis Ikan Chondrichtyes yang Teridentifikasi di TPI Tegalsari, Kota Tegal
Authors: Setiati Ning , Indriyanti Dyah Rini , Partaya Partaya 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengkaji status kepunahan jenis ikan hiu dan ikan pari yang diperdagangkan di TPI Tegalsari Kota Tegal. Metode penelitian ialah metode deskriptif eksploratif, Metode tersebebut dilakukan dengan identifikasi sampel yang diperoleh selama dua bulan di TPI Tegalsari Kota Tegal. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh 10 jenis ikan Chondrichthyes, yang terdiri dari 2 ordo. Pertama ialah ordo Lamniformes yang meliputi species (status kepunahan) Sphyrna lewini (EN), Carcharinusfalciformes (LC), Carcharinusplumbeus (NT), dan Chiloschyliumpunctatum (NT). Ordo kedua ialah Rajiformes yang meliputi Gymnuramicrura (DD), Himanturauarnak (VU), Dasyatisannotatus (NT), Dasyatissephen (NT), Dasyatiskuhlii (DD), dan Aetobatisnarinari (NT). Kesimpulan penelitian ini ialah 10 jenis ikan Chondricthyes yang terancam punah berada dalam status kepunahan. Upaya konservasi yang dapat dilakukan ialah penerapan eputusan Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan Nomor 18/Kepmen-Kp/2013 tentang penetapan status pelindungan penuh dan mengatur pelindungan ikan hiu dan ikan pari sebagai respons daftar Appendix II dalam CITES. Tahapannya KKP mengecek dua kali muatan container dan menerapkan tes DNA hiu sebelum diekspor.
“Life as Suffering”: the Motive of Revenge in the Novel by E. T. A. Hoffmann “The Marquis de la Pivardière” and the Novel by J. Janin “The Dead Donkey and the Guillotined Woman”
Authors: Ilchenko N. M. , Marinina Yu. A. 
Published: January 2021

The motive of revenge is analyzed on the basis of the French topos, considered as a space of crime and punishment. It is noted that the novel by E. T. A. Hoffmann and the novel by J. Janin are united by attention to fate as a catastrophic concept inscribed in the picture of life in France. The relevance of the study is associated with the problems of the formation of national identity, national image by romantics of Germany and France. It is shown that the German romantic, who relied on fantasy as a means of understanding and cognizing life, became a model for J. Janin in the perception of “observed material”. Special attention is paid to the artistic embodiment of life as an “ugly abyss” in which the heroines of E. T. A. Hoffmann and J. Janin find themselves. The results of a comparative analysis of the novel, the action of which belongs to the second half of the 17th century are presented in the article. But the writer discusses the morals of the heroes from the point of view of the romantic canon, and the novel, the action of which is attributed to the end of the 20s of the 19th century. The novelty of the research is connected with the fact that the drama of human existence (female) is viewed as a result of the fragility of earthly existence, the loss of faith in the rationality of the universe. This approach made it possible to analyze the national forms of romanticism, the individual approach of Hoffmann and Janin to understanding the moral and the sinful.
Social Organization of the Mongolian Nomad Community in XXI Century: Role of Family Ties
Authors: Gombozhapov A. D. 
Published: January 2021

The issues of kinship in the social self-organization of nomads are considered. The results of field studies in various regions of Mongolia, which unambiguously record the existence of informal family-related groups, united on the basis of, first of all, common economic and household interests are presented. The author notes the functions of the nomadic community: law enforcement, expressed in the collective protection of pasture lands and their joint ownership; cooperative, involving labor cooperation, mainly of a seasonal nature, and spiritual, associated both with the holding of common religious, festive and other events, and with the regulation of conflict relations within the nomadic community on the basis of traditional moral values. It is shown that contradictions in the legal issues of the use of pasture lands, on the one hand, and the temporality and relativity of the territorial settlement inherent in the nomadic way of life, on the other, contribute to the stable existence of the nomadic community. It is concluded that socio-legal regulation in the absence of effective public-state institutions is replaced by traditional ideas about property rights, the carriers of which are represented by family-related groups of nomads. It is emphasized that the role of kinship as a characteristic social resource is also manifested in migration processes in Mongolian society.
Orthodox Clergy and Right-Wing Political Movements in Russia at the Beginning of XX Century: Church Press
Authors: Ivanov A. A. 
Published: January 2021

The question of the attitude of the Orthodox Russian clergy to the right-wing political parties at the beginning of the 20th century — the Black Hundreds (the Union of the Russian People, the Russian People’s Union named after Mikhail Archangel, etc.) and Russian nationalists (the All-Russian National Union and related organizations) is considered. The novelty of the research is seen in the introduction into scientific circulation of new sources (materials of the church press), which make it possible to make a number of significant clarifications in the existing ideas about the relationship between the Orthodox Church and right-wing political organizations. Particular attention is paid to the differences in the views of clergymen on the Black Hundred unions and political structures of Russian nationalists. The reasons for the cooperation of conservative Orthodox pastors with the Black Hundred unions and organizations of Russian nationalists and the circumstances that forced the clergy to show concern for the views and activities of right-wing parties are shown. It is argued that the secularization and Westernization of Russian nationalism, which led to the departure of its ideologists and followers from the foundations of the Orthodox doctrine and church worldview, became the main reasons for the wary attitude of church circles towards the political organizations of Russian nationalists.
Organization of Oral Dialogical Discourse: Feedback and Ways of Its Explication
Authors: Mikhaleva O. L. , Chekmez U. E. 
Published: January 2021

The results of the study of feedback in the Russian oral dialogical discourse are presented in the article. The relevance of this study is due to several factors. First, the debatable issue is related to the qualification of fragments of oral discourse from the point of view of their relevance to the genre of monologue, dialogue, polylogue. Secondly, there is a number of theoretical problems arising from such qualifications, in particular, in the scientific description of feedback markers (based on the material of the Russian language), a rather large number of gaps are found. The definitions of the terms feedback and feedback markers are provided in the article. The authors note that it seems advisable to consider feedback markers in a somewhat expanded way, including in this group not only units used to express positive attention, but also units that can signal difficulties in perceiving the interlocutor’s utterance, as well as illocutionary forced units that are a reaction to the initial a replica of the interlocutor. Criteria for the inclusion of units functioning within the vocal modality in the group of feedback markers are proposed. A classification of feedback markers based on the ability of units to collapse the proposition contained in the statement of the interlocutor is proposed. The quantitative characteristics of the described subgroups are presented.
Counteraction to High Treason in Russian Legislation of the Second Half of the 19th — Early 20th Centuries
Authors: Makarov A. V. , Gusevskaya N. Yu. , Petrov A. S. 
Published: January 2021

The problem of improving the criminal liability of the subjects of the Russian Empire at the end of the nineteenth century for espionage and spilling state secrets to a foreign state is considered. The relevance of the study is due to the importance of the problem under study for the effective functioning of the Russian state. The study is based on historical sources of a regulatory and legal nature and is interdisciplinary in nature. Particular attention is paid to the study of legal norms, the identification of the type and amount of punishments for the commission of espionage by Russian citizens and spilling the state secrets to a foreign state. It is indicated that in the second half of the 19th century, the intensity of intelligence of foreign secret services in the territory of the Russian Empire increased. It is noted that more and more often foreign powers involved Russian subjects in the process of obtaining Russian secrets. At the same time, the analysis of the sources made it possible to reveal a sufficient limitation of the institution of counteracting espionage and disclosure of state secrets to foreign states in the Russian Empire at the end of the 19th century. It is proved that it was precisely these phenomena at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries that determined the authorities’ desire to progressively improve legal mechanisms that counteract threats and challenges to national security.
Conferences of Minister Presidents of the German States in 1948—1949 and Their Political Significance
Authors: Popov I. D. 
Published: January 2021

The activity and political significance of the conferences of the Minister Presidents of the German states during the years of the institutionalization of the Federal Republic of Germany (1948—1949) are considered. It is concluded that in the absence of a number of significant central authorities, it was the conferences of the heads of state governments that played a coordinating role to fill them up on the German side. It is noted that the Minister Presidents also served as a converging point between the allies, the regional elite, political parties and bizone authorities. It is shown that various formats of work of heads of state governments at the interzonal level allowed them to take part in the discussion of almost all key problems of the western zones of occupation. It is emphasized that the two-zone meetings of the Minister Presidents with the military governors and the three-zone conferences of the Minister Presidents themselves, which in fact became the main instruments for reaching political compromises, had a particular impact. It is pointed out that this was especially clearly manifested during the discussion of the “Frankfurt Documents”. It is concluded that, at the same time, the dependence on the military administrations of the allies, the party elite and bizone authorities at the same time did not allow these conferences to evolve into something more than a platform for building consensus, and thereby pursue a full-fledged independent policy.
Reading Opportunities in a Provincial Russian City during the First World War (Materials from the Volga Region)
Authors: Semenova E. Yu. 
Published: January 2021

The article deals with the problem of resources for reading for the townspeople in the Volga city during the First World War. It is noted that the dealing with the problems, allows the researcher to identify the mechanisms that allowed society to adapt to the conditions of extreme reality. The provision of the Volga cities with libraries has been studied. The possibilities of reading in the provincial and district cities of the studied region are compared. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that the development of a complex of public and private resources (libraries), available for leisure reading in the Volga city during the First World War, was revealed. The relevance of the study is due to the importance of analyzing the sociocultural practices of society as a compensatory mechanism, as well as a resource reflecting mass sentiment in extreme periods of state development. Comparison of provincial and county city libraries in terms of ownership, attendance, material security is carried out. The conclusion is made about the diversity of reading opportunities as a form of leisure for the Volga region residents during the First World War. The cities of the Volga region were identified, in which the resource of libraries was more diverse. It is shown that there were more libraries in the provincial towns than in the county ones; they had a different organizational basis and more complete funds.
Covid-19 Pandemic in Political Cartoons of the American Press: An Experience of Multimodal Analysis
Authors: Pozdnyakova E. M. , Blinova O. A. 
Published: January 2021

An attempt is made to analyze the place of political cartoons in the current socio-political media discourse in the United States. The material was the cartoons published in the spring of 2020 from USA Today and Philadelphia Inquirer, the informational occasion for the creation of which was the Covid-19 pandemic. The definitions of political cartoons as a multimodal text with a complex coding system is considered in the article. It is noted that in this type of text, phenomenological cognitive structures are actualized both through linguistic projection and through visual-spatial images. Attention is paid to intertextuality as the basis of political cartoon: the authors proceed from the position that the decoding of meaning by the recipient depends on whether he and the author have common background knowledge. It is shown that the Covid-19 pandemic is thematically embedded in the broader socio-political agenda, whereby a successful interpretation requires the recipient to have background knowledge of the current socio-political challenges facing the United States, namely the domestic political agenda. It is stated that the studied cartoons are distinguished by their reliance on precedent, and the actualization of background knowledge occurs through a combination of the visual and verbal components of the text. It is concluded that among the linguistic means of creating a satirical effect, a play on words is distinguished based on the literal and figurative meaning of individual lexical units.