bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vanadium dioxide-based tunable broadband metamaterial absorber in the terahertz
Authors: Zhu Yuqi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study presents a three-layer broadband absorber comprising a vanadium dioxide (VO2) layer at the top, a polytetrafluoroethylene layer in the middle, and a gold film at the bottom. Absorption curves were calculated using the multiple-reflection principle and impedance matching theory, and the obtained results were consistent with the simulation results. According to simulation results, within the range of controllable conductivity of VO2, the absorption rate of the as-developed structure varied from 1.5% to 99.8%, with the bandwidth extending from 0 THz to 5.19 THz. The metamaterial maintained > 75% absorption across the frequency band for incident angles up to 45°, with the absorption rate varying for different polarization angles. The as-developed metamaterial exhibited the characteristics of wide-angle incidence and polarization sensitivity and has excellent application prospects in the domains of medicine, military, and communication.
Environmentally friendly green synthesis of reduced graphene oxide using Laurus nobilis, characterization and evaluation of in vitro anticancer activity
Authors: Budama-Kilinc Yasemin , Arslan Esra , Gok Bahar , Sari Yilmaz Muge 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Graphene, due to its remarkable electrical, mechanical, thermal, and optical characteristics, has become a highly desirable material for scientific investigation. A promising method for large-scale production involves the reduction of graphene oxide (GO) derived from graphite through various chemical processes. Although chemical reduction remains the most effective technique for producing reduced graphene oxide (rGO), its environmental impact raises concerns. The researchers are increasingly exploring reduction methods that utilize natural ingredients as a more sustainable alternative to address this. In this study, rGO was synthesized using a green method using bay leaf (Laurus nobilis) extracts. The effects of the plant extract concentration, reflux temperature, and time on the reduction of GO were investigated. The prepared rGO samples were characterized using x-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques. Moreover, the interaction of rGOs with DNA was carried out using the UV–Vis absorption titration method. Studies were conducted to determine the anticancer activity of rGO on two different cell lines and the safe dose on the fibroblast cell line. According to the results, the size of rGO nano-sheets was determined as 203 nm ±2.87, and the PdI value was determined as 0.011 ± 0.02. It has been established that rGO can interact with DNA through a groove or electrostatic binding. According to the cytotoxicity study conducted on the L929 cell line, the 50 μg ml−1 rGO dose was safe, and its anticancer activity was more effective in the SHSY-5Y cell line than in C6.
Instabilities of ideal magnetohydrodynamics mode and neoclassical tearing mode stabilization by electron cyclotron current drive for EHL-2 spherical torus
Authors: DONG 董 Lili 力立 , LI 李 Li 莉 , LIU 刘 Wenjun 文军 , LIU 刘 Tong 桐 , LIANG 梁 Yunfeng 云峰 , DONG 董 Jiaqi 家齐 , XIE 谢 Huasheng 华生 , SHI 石 Yuejiang 跃江 , Team the EHL-2 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The next generation fusion device listed on ENN’s fusion roadmap, named as (ENN He-Long) EHL-2, is under both physics and engineering designs. The instabilities of ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) mode and neoclassical tearing mode (NTM) stabilized by electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD) for EHL-2’s two typical operation scenarios are analyzed. For high-ion-temperature operating (HITO) scenario, the vertical displacement event (VDE) could be a big challenge to the device safety. For the steady-state operating (SSO) scenario, the limitation may rise from the ideal MHD mode, NTM, etc. This suggests that the MHD analysis of both operation scenarios should be done with different focusing. Preliminary analysis based on the current physics and engineering design of both two scenarios is given in this paper. Based on the analysis result of above, the future assessments might target at active control method and the effect of boron on MHD activities.
In-sensor computing using Ti3C2Tx MXene memristor crossbar arrays for wearable electronics
Authors: Gosai Jeny , Patel Mansi , Gosai Anjalee , Chaudhari Nitin , Solanki Ankur 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The potential of memristor systems in sensing, storing, and processing signals make them highly efficient and ideal for power-efficient, comfortable wearable in-sensor computing applications. In this work, we demonstrate a 3 × 3 memristor crossbar array based on Ti3C2Tx MXene with non-volatile characteristics, exhibiting an ON/OFF ratio of ∼102. This Ti3C2Tx-based crossbar array also showcases remarkable synaptic properties. Additionally, we achieve near perfect accuracy in pattern training after just 9 epochs as well as pattern retaining ability even after 24 h. A notable feature of these Ti3C2Tx-based 3 × 3 memristor crossbar arrays is their ability to integrate sensing, storage, and processing capabilities, demonstrated in a wearable real-time muscle monitoring healthcare device. A multi-channel surface electromyography data was recorded using the Ti3C2Tx MXene-based crossbar array to track real-time forearm muscle movements during a series of distinct hand gestures. These findings open up exciting possibilities for the development of adaptable MXene-based flexible memristive crossbar arrays, which hold great promise for advanced data storage, neuromorphic computing, and in-sensor computing applications.
Tumour deposit count is an independent prognostic factor in colorectal cancer—a population-based cohort study
Authors: Lundström Simon , Agger Erik , Lydrup Marie-Louise , Jörgren Fredrik , Buchwald Pamela 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Tumour deposits are a prognostic factor for overall survival and distant metastasis in lymph node-negative colorectal cancer. However, the current TNM staging system does not account for the presence of tumour deposits in lymph node-positive colorectal cancer, or for the presence of multiple deposits. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic effect of tumour deposit count in patients with colorectal cancer.

Methods
Patients who underwent curative surgery for colorectal cancer between 2016 and 2019 were identified nationwide from the Swedish Colorectal Cancer Registry. Patients with undisclosed tumour deposit status/count and stage IV disease were excluded. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to assess the prognostic effect of tumour deposit count on overall survival and distant metastasis adjusted for age, sex, neoadjuvant treatment, and number of positive lymph nodes.

Results
Of 18 913 patients assessed, 14 154 patients were analysed with tumour deposits (TDs) present in 1702 (12%) patients. Patients were stratified by tumour deposit count (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and ≥5 TDs). Increased tumour deposit count was associated with decreased 5-year overall survival (79%, 70%, 61%, 66%, 50%, 49%) and increased 5-year risk for distant metastasis (14%, 26%, 35%, 41%, 48%, 54%) respectively. Tumour deposit count remained an independent negative prognostic factor after multivariable Cox regression analysis.

Conclusion
Tumour deposit count is a negative prognostic predictor of both overall survival and distant metastasis in colorectal cancer, independent of positive lymph nodes or neoadjuvant treatment. These findings suggest that tumour deposit count should be integrated into the TNM staging regardless of lymph nodes status to improve prognostic accuracy.
The inter-relationship between parental problems and ethnic background: How do they impact on entry into local authority care?
Authors: Warner Nell , Jing Yongchao , Scourfield Jonathan , Cannings-John Rebecca , Cheung Sin Yi , John Ann 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Both parental problems and being from certain ethnic minoritized populations are associated with an increased likelihood of children entering local authority care. This study explored the intersection of these factors in the UK. Population-level administrative datasets were linked to create a dataset of school-aged children living in households in Wales, between 2016 and 2020 (n = 431,584). Multilevel logistic regression models were used to look at care entry for different ethnic groups, controlling for key factors. Crude odds ratios using sub-populations of children from different ethnicities were used to explore effects of risks on sub-populations. Models showed that when parental risk factors and levels of deprivation were controlled for, all ethnic minoritized populations were more likely to enter care than White children. Subgroup analysis showed substantial differences in the effects of risks for children of different ethnicities. The results suggest different reasons for care entry vary by children’s ethnicity and highlight inequalities in care entry. The findings highlight the urgent need to carry out work to ensure that social care provision is non-discriminatory and culturally sensitive.
Enhanced behavioural and neural sensitivity to punishments in chronic pain and fatigue
Authors: Mancini Flavia , Mahajan Pranav , Guttesen Anna á V , Onysk Jakub , Scholtes Ingrid , Shenker Nicholas , Lee Michael , Seymour Ben 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Chronic pain and fatigue in musculoskeletal disease contribute significantly to disability, and recent studies suggest an association with reduced motivation and excessive fear avoidance. In this behavioural neuroimaging study, we aimed to identify the specific behavioral and neural changes associated with musculoskeletal pain and fatigue during reward and loss decision-making.
Twenty-nine participants with chronic inflammatory arthritis and 28 healthy controls performed an instrumental learning task (4-armed bandit) during 3T brain fMRI. Computational analyses with reinforcement learning models were used to quantify the hidden variables involved in reward and loss decision-making, compare them across groups and finally relate them to brain activity.
We found that participants with chronic pain had higher sensitivity to punishments and increased activity associated with the punishment prediction error in the right posterior insular cortex, putamen, pallidum, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Functional network connectivity analysis showed that insula centrality correlated with subjective reports of fatigue and pain during the task.
The findings of this exploratory study suggest that pain and fatigue in chronic pain relate to objective behavioural changes in loss-decision making, which can be mapped to a specific pattern of activity in brain circuits of motivation and decision-making. The proposed parametric signature, characterized most notably by increased punishment sensitivity, is distinct from patterns previously reported in psychiatric conditions and it aligns with predictions of the fear avoidance model of pain.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Viremia and Cancer Risk in 2.8 Million People: The South African HIV Cancer Match Study
Authors: Ruffieux Yann , Mwansa-Kambafwile Judith , Metekoua Carole , Tombe-Nyahuma Tinashe , Bohlius Julia , Muchengeti Mazvita , Egger Matthias , Rohner Eliane 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Most research on human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) viremia and cancer risk is from high-income countries. We evaluated the association between HIV-1 viremia and the risk of various cancer types among people with HIV (PWH) in South Africa.

Methods
We analyzed data from the South African HIV Cancer Match study, based on laboratory measurements from the National Health Laboratory Service and cancer records from the National Cancer Registry from 2004 to 2014. Using Cox proportional hazards models, we estimated hazard ratios (HR) for cancer incidence per unit increase in time-updated Log10 HIV-1 RNA viral load copies/mL. We created partially adjusted (sex, age, calendar year) and fully adjusted models (additionally including time-updated CD4 count).

Results
We included 2 770 200 PWH with 10 175 incident cancers; most common were cervical cancer (N = 2481), Kaposi sarcoma (N = 1902), breast cancer (N = 1063), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (N = 863). Hazard ratios for the association of HIV-1 viremia and cancer risk changed after partial and full adjustment and were generally attenuated for infection-related cancers but tended to increase for infection-unrelated cancers. In the fully adjusted model, HIV-1 viremia was associated with an increased risk of Kaposi sarcoma (HR per unit increase in Log10 HIV-1 RNA viral load: 1.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.35–1.42), leukemia (HR: 1.28; 95% CI, 1.13–1.45), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (HR: 1.24; 95% CI, 1.19–1.29), conjunctival cancer (HR: 1.19; 95% CI, 1.11–1.25), and colorectal cancer (HR: 1.11; 95% CI, 1.02–1.21). Associations with other cancer types were weaker or absent.

Conclusions
Our findings underline the importance of sustained viral suppression for cancer prevention among PWH in South Africa.
Acetylation-ubiquitination crosstalk of DJ-1 mediates microcalcification formation in diabetic plaques via collagen-matrix vesicles interaction
Authors: Sun Zhen , Li Lihua , Wu Yao , Zhang Lili , Zang Guangyao , Qian Yongjiang , Yao Haipeng , Mao Xiang , Wang Zhongqun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Aims
Microcalcification increases the vulnerability of plaques and has become an important driver of acute cardiovascular events in diabetic patients. However, the regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. DJ-1, a multifunctional protein, may play a potential role in the development of diabetic complications. Therefore, this study aims to explore the relationship between DJ-1 and microcalcification in diabetic plaques and investigate the mechanisms.

Methods and results
The regulatory relationship between DJ-1 and diabetic vascular microcalcification was determined in anterior tibial arteries from diabetic foot amputated patients, a diabetic apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mouse model, and a vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) model. The ubiquitination and acetylation levels of DJ-1 were detected, and the acetylation-ubiquitination crosstalk was explored. Then, the regulatory effects of DJ-1 on receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) were clarified. Further, the role of DJ-1 in collagen-matrix vesicles (MVs) interaction in diabetic microenvironment was observed. The collagen interacting surface protein of MVs was verified with proteomics and the biomimetic MVs model. In clinical samples, the number of microcalcification nodules in anterior tibial artery plaques was negatively correlated with DJ-1 expression. In diabetic ApoE−/− mice and VSMCs models, knocking down DJ-1 significantly increased the number of microcalcified nodules. N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) was an acetyltransferase of DJ-1. NAT10 could crosstalk the ubiquitination of DJ-1 and enhance the ubiquitination of DJ-1 by E3 ubiquitin ligase tripartite motif-containing protein 32 (TRIM32). Besides, the knockdown of DJ-1 activated signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), and then STAT1 could bind to RAGE promoter, thus up-regulating RAGE. Furthermore, the knockdown of DJ-1 significantly promoted collagen-MVs interaction in diabetic microenvironment. Milk fat globule epidermal growth factor 8 (MFGE8) may serve as a collagen-interacting protein. The coating of MFGE8 protein could increase the interaction between collagen and biomimetic MVs.

Conclusion
In the diabetic microenvironment, DJ-1 was a protective factor for vascular microcalcification. NAT10− and TRIM32-mediated acetylation-ubiquitination crosstalk resulted in the degradation of DJ-1. The decrease of DJ-1 could activate DJ-1/STAT1/RAGE microcalcification signal. Further, under the stimulation of DJ-1-mediated microcalcification signal, VSMCs released MVs with high abundance of MFGE8. MFGE8 promoted collagen-MVs interaction and finally accelerated the formation of microcalcification.
Case report: interventional thrombectomy with haemodynamic support by veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a rescue strategy in acute pulmonary embolism refractory to systemic thrombolysis
Authors: Mahmudlu Fuad , Alahmad Bassel , Mimoune Abderrahmen , Schulz Eberhard 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
High-risk pulmonary embolism (PE) is associated with significant mortality. Thrombolysis is the therapy of choice, while interventional thrombectomy may be a helpful strategy in case of contraindications or failed thrombolysis. However, the procedure may be complicated by catheter-induced embolization of clots and/or haemodynamic compromise.

Case summary
We present a 32-year-old patient woman with fulminant pulmonary artery embolism. Despite immediate systemic thrombolysis, the patient remained in cardiogenic shock with rising lactate levels. Furthermore, floating clots were observed in the right atrium of the patient. As a rescue strategy, we performed interventional thrombectomy by using the Inari FlowTriever system supported by periinterventional veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) implantation. After a successful thrombectomy, the patient recovered and showed immediate haemodynamic improvement.

Discussion
Interventional thrombectomy may be considered in patients with high-risk PE and failed thrombolytic therapy. Support by a VA-ECMO should be considered in order to prevent transient haemodynamic instability associated with accidental, catheter-induced clot mobilization from the vena cava or right atrium.
Right ventricular stroke work index from echocardiography in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension—the role in short-term follow-up assessment
Authors: Jumatate Raluca , Werther-Evaldsson Anna , Ingvarsson Annika , Rådegran Göran , Meurling Carl Cronstedt , Ostenfeld Ellen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Aims
Right ventricular (RV) failure causes high mortality in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). RV stroke work index (RVSWi) poses as a potential predictor of outcome. We evaluated how RVSWi by echocardiography (ECHO) or right heart catheterization (RHC) is altered following PAH treatment and if RVSWi is an indicator of outcome in PAH.

Methods and results
Fifty-four patients with PAH performed ECHO and RHC (median, 0 days between examinations) at baseline and treatment follow-up. RVSWiRHC was computed as (mPAP-mRAP)×SViRHC, (mPAP, mean pulmonary arterial pressure; mRAP, mean right atrial pressure; SVi, stroke volume indexed to body surface area). ECHO-derived RVSWi was calculated as RVSWiECHO-Mean = TRmeanPG × SViECHO and RVSWiECHO-Max = TRmaxPG × SViECHO (TRmeanPG and TRmaxPG: tricuspid regurgitant mean and maximum pressure gradient). Invasive sPAP, mPAP, and pulmonary vascular resistance decreased and SVi increased from baseline to follow-up (P &lt; 0.01 for all). RVSWiRHC and RVSWiECHO (Mean and Max) did not differ from baseline to follow-up (P &gt; 0.05). Forty patients died during 109 ± 24 months. In univariate Cox proportional hazard analysis, age &gt; 65 years, 6-minute-walk test &lt; 160 m, WHO class III-IV and indexed right atrial volume were associated with long-term mortality, but none of the RVSWi methods. In multivariate analysis with clinical parameters, both RVSWiECHO methods were independently associated with mortality.

Conclusion
The RVSWi methods did not differ from baseline to short-term follow-up and were not associated with long-term outcomes in univariate analysis. However, baseline RVSWiECHO was associated with mortality when adjusting for clinical parameters.
A surgical case of right atrial wall perforation caused by an invasive angiosarcoma
Authors: Yokoyama Yuichiro , Emmoto Takeshi , Abe Yumiko , Abe Mitsunori 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Cardiac angiosarcoma is a rare, diagnostically elusive disease with a poor prognosis. Herein, we describe the case of a 61-year-old man who presented with cardiac tamponade caused by perforation of the right atrial wall resulting from an invasive angiosarcoma. The tumour, which had spread throughout the entire right atrial free wall, was resected under cardiopulmonary bypass. Subsequent reconstruction of the right atrial wall involved the use of both autologous and bovine pericardial patches. Cardiac wall rupture due to invasive cardiac angiosarcoma is an extremely rare complication, with only a few cases reported. Therefore, we also review the relevant literature herein.
An Exploration of Spiral of Silence in Online News Comments: Characteristics of Four Flow Patterns of Users’ Comments
Authors: Kim Jin-Young , Jeon Jinsu , Choi Dahui 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
To address prior methodological, contextual, and conceptual gaps in research on the spiral of silence (SOS), we investigated whether SOS manifests in online news comments where public opinions naturally emerge and examined the impact of these comments on public opinion. To analyze the progression of comments, we adopted a novel approach to time-series analysis—previously confined to social media—by implementing the dynamic time warp (DTW) technique. Data were collected from 47,845 comments on 281 online news articles related to three controversial topics published on a Korean portal site. Using DTW, we categorized comment patterns into four clusters across all topics: Contentious, Parallel, Overwhelming, and Gradual gap. A key observation was that minority opinions did not consistently follow a predictable path but rather displayed varied patterns. This indicates that SOS is selectively relevant in online discussions, with various factors influencing how minority opinions are expressed and shape public opinion. However, over a longer timeframe, the Contentious type, where minority views remained strong, significantly decreased in later discussions compared with earlier ones. Moreover, the current study corroborates previous research on the influence of initial comments. The pattern of comment flows is also influenced by factors such as click speech, neutral comments, and age.
Resurrection of a diatom after 7000 years from anoxic Baltic Sea sediment
Authors: Bolius Sarah , Schmidt Alexandra , Kaiser Jérôme , Arz Helge W , Dellwig Olaf , Karsten Ulf , Epp Laura S , Kremp Anke 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Dormancy is a widespread key life history trait observed across the tree of life. Many plankton species form dormant cell stages that accumulate in aquatic sediments and, under anoxic conditions, form chronological records of past species and population dynamics under changing environmental conditions. Here we report on the germination of a microscopic alga, the abundant marine diatom Skeletonema marinoi Sarno et Zigone, that had remained dormant for up to 6871 ± 140 years in anoxic sediments of the Baltic Sea and resumed growth when exposed to oxygen and light. Resurrected diatom strains, representing cohorts from six different time points of the past 6871 ± 140 years, are genetically differentiated, and fundamental physiological functions such as growth and photosynthesis have remained stable through time despite distinct environmental dynamics. Showing that resurrection and full functional recovery, in comparison to 3 ± 2 years of dormancy, is possible after millennial resting, we emphasize the relevance of dormancy and living sediment archives. For the future, sediment archives, together with the resurrection approach, would offer a powerful tool to trace adaptive traits over millennia under distinct climatic conditions and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.