bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of an Anthropometric Fast Bowling Machine
Authors: Bickramdass Ronnie , Persad Prakash , Loutan Jr. Kelvin 
Published: May 2021

The use of bowling machines to train batsmen whether it be indoors or outdoors has increased significantly. In the absence of bowlers, batsmen can bat for hours without any bowlers getting tired. The designs of these machines are often a derivative of ball projection machines used for other sports such as tennis. Reviewed literature highlights the deficit in visual information in the form of an arm and hand when using these machines. Hence a cricket bowling machine was developed with an arm and hand. The usability, functionality, repeatability, and accuracy of the cricket bowling machine with an arm and hand was tested which had been previously designed and built by Loutan Jr. (2016) at The University of Trinidad and Tobago. A trajectory model was developed for an indoor environment and experimentally validated with data collected from extensive testing of the bowling machine using Pitch Vision hardware and software. A design procedure had to be formulated to determine what test had to be done and the method of collecting data. The testing, data collection and validation of the model was done with the cricket bowling machine in its current state with minor changes to the hand. The release angle at which the ball leaves the hand was found to have a significant impact on the length (distance along the pitch the ball bounces) of the delivery. Finally, the bowling machine was able to bowl various lengths and varying speeds consistently. The variation in speed placed the machine in the category of medium-fast, that is, speeds between 120 km/h (75 mph) and 130 km/h (81mph). Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2021-02-02-04 Full Text: PDF
Implementation of Boost PFC in the Induction Heating System for EMI–RFI Suppression
Authors: Raman Rahul , Baruah Debanga Jyoti , Dey Saurav , Neog Padmini , Saharia Kritika Taniya 
Published: May 2021

The present work deals with the design and performance analysis of high frequency resonant inverter based Induction Heating (IH) System employing Boost Power Factor Correction (PFC) technique to overcome the problems due to EMI and RFI. Most of the existing techniques use passive filters for harmonics attenuation that fails to meet the present day requirement because of drawbacks like considerably high THD, poor dynamic performance, etc. This paper presents a new control approach for boost PFC based on inner and outer loops to eliminate the problems due to harmonics in the IH system. The equivalent circuit parameter model of the IH system has been used to analyze the presence of harmonics and the incorporation of boost PFC at the input of the system shows its elimination as per the stringent EMI-RFI regulations. Moreover, attention has been paid off to the design algorithm of the boost PFC and a detailed mathematical analysis has been done to outline an approach for its parameter selection. A comparative analysis of the IH system with and without the incorporation of the boost PFC has been done in terms of the THD in the input current waveform. The findings of the present work show that the incorporation of Boost PFC eliminates the harmonics in the IH system in a better manner than the existing techniques. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2021-02-02-05 Full Text: PDF
Alternative Approach for Improvement Sustainable Supply Chain Management in the Large European Container Ports
Authors: Hinkka Ville , Mäkinen Reetta , Eckhardt Jenni , Lastusilta Toni 
Published: May 2021

The main objectives of the EU transport policy belongs the limitation of the negative environmental impact from ports. Similarly, companies are adopting sustainable supply chain management practices to response the policy makers’ and consumers’ demands for sustainable operations. This paper aims to discover how the largest European container ports communicate about their efforts to improve the sustainability of their operations to find out how the ports themselves see their position as a part of transition towards more sustainable supply chain operations. Based on the study, different large European container ports consider environmental issues variously. The risk is that some ports may get competitive advantages by slipping in the environmental questions. Alternatively, if the port does not take sustainability questions seriously and it gets a bad reputation, the risk is that the customers and consumers do not accept the behavior of the port and shipping companies start to avoid that port. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2021-02-02-06 Full Text: PDF
Use of Blockchain Technology in Energy Banking and Electricity Markets
Authors: Jain S. K. , Khandelwal Paresh , Agarwal P. K. 
Published: May 2021

The power system reforms worldwide have commoditized electric energy and thus the electricity market has been developed. With this, trading of electric energy takes place in various time-domain like the day ahead, real-time, etc. These transactions take place through over the counter (OTC) or Power Exchange (Px) which provide to the market participants the required platform and payment security. The transactions on OTC and Px requires a third-party platform and guarantee for contract & settlement, there incurs overhead cost. Since electric energy is a fungible commodity, it can be transacted very well with the old system like barter. Energy Banking is one such mechanism wherein one utility supplies the energy to another utility that need it more and in leisure, the energy can then be provided back. The requisite security of the transactions can be provided by blockchain technology. Energy banking is presently being done only on MW quantum basis with no price tag despite the cost being dependent on the demand-supply ratio. To ensure energy banking transactions in real-time and free from the perils of financial settlements, this article suggests the use of the Peer-to-Peer (P2P) model of blockchain technology for executing Smart Contracts mutually agreed upon by both parties and avoiding third parties overhead costs. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2021-02-03-03 Full Text: PDF
Nutrition services by health providers during antenatal consultations in Senegal: a comparison of observed versus self-reported practices
Authors: Ningue Elhadji Alioune Badara , Galibois Isabelle , Blaney Sonia 
Published: May 2021

Background Malnutrition is of concern among pregnant women in Senegal. This paper aimed to compare health providers’ self-reported practices to their actual provision of nutrition services during antenatal care (ANC) consultations. Methods A comparative study was conducted in a random sample of 27 health providers in the Kolda region. Two ANC consultations were monitored for each provider, and later compared to the data that were collected through a face-to-face interview. This provided us with the opportunity to assess the agreement between self-reported and observed actions namely clinical actions, verbal assessments and counseling. Results In general, the ANC providers reported similar extent of clinical actions that they performed. However, in verbal assessments, health providers over-reported inquiring about iron and folic acid intake (44% observed vs 89% reported) and its potential side effects (0% vs 33%), signs of vitamin A deficiency (0% vs 11%) and intake of parasite prophylaxis (18% vs 63%). They also over-reported the provision of counseling on the importance of avoiding tea/coffee (41% observed vs 74% reported), gaining appropriate weight (14% vs 44%), and eating specific foods (7% vs 52%). Conclusions Nutrition services during ANC should be improved, especially in the domains of verbal assessment and nutrition counseling. The possible causes of these discrepancies might be the time constraint for ANC, limited skills, or a low demand of pregnant women for nutritional guidance. Nutrition training and/or supportive supervision of health providers deserve more attention in order to improve the nutrition services and the overall quality of ANC.
Reduce the Incidence of Flour Albus Using the Betel Leaves Extract
Authors: Tunny Risman , Pelu Aulia Deby , Soulissa Jarmil 
Published: May 2021

Vaginal discharge is often not taken seriously by the teens when it could be an indication of disease. Vaginal discharge is a second problem after menstrual disorders. It is very uncomfortable, itchy, smelly and sometimes sore. Betel leaves boiled water to wash the vagina can reduce vaginal discharge because it contains essential oils that consist of betlephenol, kavicol, sidquiterpan, hydroxycicvicol, cavibetol, estragol, eugenol, and carvacol. The objective of this research is to describe the effect of betel leaves extract on the occurrence of flour albus on teenagers of SMA 3 west Seram western Seram regency 2015. It is a quantitative research by using quasy-experiment design to determine the existence of vaginal discharge (pre-test) and examine the effectiveness of the betel leaves extract after treatment (post-test). The sample were 18 respondents with observation sheet given. Research result shows that 13 of 18 respondents who experienced vaginal discharge cured after being treated in the form of betel leaves extract. It can be concluded that vaginal discharge before and after the treatment is given for the provision of betel leaves extract is different or experience the healing significantly.
Keywords: betel leaves extract; vaginal discharge
The Uniqueness of ‘Ali Al-Shabuni’s Methodology in the Book of Shafwah Al-Tafasir: Study to the Interpretation of Surah Al-Rahman
Authors: Hafidz Abdul , Ulum Khoirul , Nasir Muhammad Ridlwan , Idri Idri , Arif Mohammad 
Published: May 2021

The Qur'an has proven to have inspired and produced many tafseer books with various approaches, methods and interpretive tendencies. The book of Shafwah Al-Tafasir is a contemporary tafseer hwo has written by Ali Al-Shabuni which has a unique and distinctive methodology. Because of this, this article aims to examine the exegetical methodology applied by Ali Al-Shabuni in interpreting surah Al-Rahman and to find out the advantages and weaknesses of its methodology. The results of this study indicate that the uniqueness of the methodology applied by Al-Shabuni in interpreting surah Al-Rahman is combine the riwayah and dirayah approaches and the tahlili and ijmali methods. In addition, it also use the tendency of al-adabi al-ijtima’i and the systematic, and contemporary interpretive techniques with additional footnotes to make it easier for readers to refer to the original source. As well as, the Ali Al-Shabuni’s methodology in the Book’s Shafwah Al-Tafasir has the advantages and the weaknesses.
Keywords: Surah Al-Rahman; ‘Ali Al Shabuni; Shafwah Al-Tafasir; uniqueness; methodology; interpretation
Bats of the subtropical climate zone of the Krasnodar Territory of Russia as a possible reservoir of zoonotic viral infections
Authors: Lenshin S. V. , Romashin A. V. , Vyshemirsky O. I. , Lvov D. K. , Alkhovsky S. V. 
Published: May 2021

Emerging and reemerging infections pose a grave global health threat. The emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the resulting COVID-19 pandemic have demonstrated the importance of studying of zoonotic viruses directly in natural foci. For SARS-like coronaviruses, as well as for many other zoonotic pathogens (including hemorrhagic fevers and rabies agents), the main reservoir are horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus spp.), which are widely distributed in Eurasia and Africa. Their range also covers the southern regions of Russia, including the North Caucasus and Crimea. Large colonies of these animals are located on the territory of Sochi National Park (SNP; subtropical zone of Krasnodar Territory, Greater Sochi region, North Caucasus). In total, according to long-term observations, up to 23 species of bats were registered here, including the great (Rh. ferrumequinum), the lesser (Rh. hipposideros), and the Mediterranean (Rh. euryale) horseshoe bats.This review provides information on zoonotic viruses associated with species of bats distributed in the subtropical zone of Krasnodar Territory of Russia, and analyzes their possible role as a natural reservoir of emerging and reemerging infections. Studying the circulation of zoonotic viruses in bats is an important element of monitoring viral populations in natural foci.
Susceptibility of animal species to experimental SARS-CoV-2 (<i>Coronaviridae: Coronavirinae: Betacoronavirus; Sarbecovirus</i>) infection
Authors: Petrova N. V. , Ganina K. K. , Tarasov S. A. 
Published: May 2021

Due to the new coronavirus infection pandemic, the global scientific community has been forced to change the direction of the most research, focusing on vaccine development as well as the search for new antiviral drugs to treat COVID-19. The choice of experimental models, timeframe and approaches for evaluating drugs and vaccines under development is crucial for the development of effective measures to prevent and control this disease.The purpose of this review was to summarize the relevant data concerning the susceptibility of laboratory animals to SARS-CoV-2. This paper describes the most virus-susceptible animal species that can be used to reproduce coronavirus infection, stressing the main advantages and disadvantages of each of them.According to the latest data, small rodents (Rodentia) and non-human primates (Strepsirrhini) are commonly used in the scientific community to model coronavirus infection. The viral load in the upper and lower parts of the respiratory system, clinical symptoms of infection (weight loss, body temperature and general health status), pathomorphological picture in target organs and the production of antibodies after infection are considered to the main markers of pathology. Despite the vast amount of data, none of the described models of SARS-CoV-2 infection may be considered a gold standard, since they do not reproduce all spectrum of morphological and pathogenetic mechanisms of infection, and do not fully reflect the clinical picture observed in patients in human population.Based on the analyzed literature data, we suppose that Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) and mice (Muridae) expressing the angiotensin converting enzyme receptor 2 (ACE2) are the most suitable animal species for their use in experiments with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The development of neutralizing antibodies makes it possible to evaluate the efficacy of vaccines, while the course and severity of symptoms infection makes the use of mice and hamsters especially popular for screening pharmacological substances with antiviral mechanism of action, when their administration can prevent or slow the disease progression.
Measuring Physical Function in Psoriatic Arthritis: Comparing the Multidimensional Health Assessment Questionnaire to the Health Assessment Questionnaire–Disability Index
Authors: Ye Weiyu , Hackett Simon , Vandevelde Claire , Twigg Sarah , Helliwell Philip S. , Coates Laura C. 
Published: May 2021

ObjectiveTo compare physical function scales of the Multidimensional Health Assessment Questionnaire (MDHAQ) with that of the Health Assessment Questionnaire–Disability Index (HAQ-DI) in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and to examine whether either questionnaire is less prone to “floor effects.”MethodsData were collected prospectively from 2018 to 2019 across 3 UK hospitals. All patients completed physical function scales within the MDHAQ and HAQ-DI in a single clinic visit. Agreement was assessed using medians and the Bland-Altman method. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to assess test-retest reliability.ResultsTwo hundred ten patients completed the clinic visit; 1 withdrew consent. Thus, 209 were analyzed. Sixty percent were male, with mean age of 51.7 years and median disease duration of 7 years. In clinic, median MDHAQ and HAQ-DI including/excluding aids scores were 0.30, 0.50, and 0.50 respectively. Although the median score for HAQ-DI was higher than for MDHAQ, the difference between the 2 scores was mostly within 1.96 SDs from the mean, suggesting good agreement. The ICCs demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability for both the MDHAQ and HAQ-DI. Similar numbers of patients scored 0 on the MDHAQ and HAQ-DI including/excluding aids (48, 47, and 49, respectively). Using a score of ≤ 0.5 as a cutoff for minor functional impairment, 23 patients had a MDHAQ ≤ 0.5 when their HAQ-DI including aids was > 0.5. Conversely, 4 patients had a MDHAQ > 0.5 when the HAQ-DI including aids was ≤ 0.5.ConclusionBoth the MDHAQ and HAQ-DI appear to be similar in detecting floor effects in patients with PsA.
Discontinuation of Colchicine Therapy in Children With Familial Mediterranean Fever
Authors: Aviel Yonatan Butbul , Rawan Silman , Fahoum Shafe , Wexler Isaiah , Berkun Yackov 
Published: May 2021

ObjectiveColchicine has been considered a lifelong therapy for familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). Recent studies describe patients who discontinued colchicine, but there is a lack of data pertaining to predictors of success. The aims of our study were to describe a cohort of pediatric patients with FMF who discontinued colchicine therapy, and to identify factors predicting successful termination of colchicine.MethodsThis study describes a cohort of pediatric patients with FMF who discontinued colchicine therapy following a relatively prolonged attack-free period (> 6 months), and identifies factors predicting successful termination. Data collected included demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of children diagnosed with FMF aged < 16 years who underwent a trial of colchicine discontinuation. Data from patients who successfully ceased colchicine therapy were compared to those of patients who relapsed.ResultsOf 571 patients with FMF, 59 (10.3%) discontinued colchicine therapy. The average attack-free period before enrollment was 0.97 ± 1.4 years. Follow-up after ceasing colchicine was 5.0 ± 3.05 years, during which time 11 (20%) patients had an attack. The most common symptoms were fever (100%) and abdominal pain (80%). For those failing discontinuation, colchicine was restarted within 1.3 years (range 0.3–5.0, median 0.7 yrs). A longer attack-free period prior to colchicine discontinuation predicted success. Myalgia and arthritis prior to colchicine cessation were more common among children who required renewal of colchicine.ConclusionCessation of colchicine therapy should be considered following prolonged remission in a select group of patients. Patients with arthritis or myalgia are more likely to have an attack after ceasing colchicine therapy.
Gastrointestinal Adverse Drug Reaction Profile of Etanercept: Real-world Data From Patients and Healthcare Professionals
Authors: van Lint Jette A. , Jessurun Naomi T. , Tas Sander W. , van den Bemt Bart J.F. , Nurmohamed Michael T. , van Doorn Martijn B.A. , Spuls Phyllis I. , van Tubergen Astrid M. , ten Klooster Peter M. , van Puijenbroek Eugene P. , Hoentjen Frank , Vonkeman Harald E. 
Published: May 2021

ObjectiveWe aimed to describe the nature and frequency of gastrointestinal adverse drug reactions (GI-ADRs) of etanercept (ETN) using patient-reported and healthcare professional (HCP)-registered data and compared this frequency with the GI-ADR frequency of the widely used tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitor adalimumab (ADA).MethodsReported GI-ADRs of ETN for rheumatic diseases were collected from the Dutch Biologic Monitor and DREAM registries. We described the clinical course of GI-ADRs and compared the frequency with ADA in both data sources using Fisher exact test.ResultsOut of 416 patients using ETN for inflammatory rheumatic diseases in the Dutch Biologic Monitor, 25 (6%) patients reported 36 GI-ADRs. In the DREAM registries 11 GI-ADRs were registered for 9 patients (2.3%), out of 399 patients using ETN, with an incidence of 7.1 per 1000 patient-years. Most GI-ADRs consisted of diarrhea, nausea, and abdominal pain. GI-ADRs led to ETN discontinuation in 1 patient (4%) and dose adjustment in 4 (16%) in the Dutch Biologic Monitor. Eight GI-ADRs (73%) led to ETN discontinuation in the DREAM registries. The frequency of GI-ADRs of ETN did not significantly differ from GI-ADRs of ADA in both data sources (Dutch Biologic Monitor: ETN 8.7% vs ADA 5.3%,P= 0.07; DREAM: ETN 2.8% vs ADA 4.7%,P= 0.16).ConclusionMost GI-ADRs associated with ETN concerned gastrointestinal symptoms. These ADRs may lead to dose adjustment or ETN discontinuation. The frequency of ETN-associated GI-ADRs was comparable to the frequency of ADA-associated GI-ADRs. Knowledge about these previously unknown ADRs can facilitate early recognition and improve patient communication.
Systematic Review and Metaanalysis of the Reproducibility of Patient Self-reported Joint Counts in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Rampes Sanketh , Patel Vishit , Bosworth Ailsa , Jacklin Clare , Nagra Deepak , Yates Mark , Norton Sam , Galloway James B. 
Published: May 2021

ObjectiveTo assess the reproducibility of patient-reported tender (TJCs) and swollen joint counts (SJCs) of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared to trained clinicians.MethodsWe conducted a systematic literature review and metaanalysis of studies comparing patient-reported TJCs and/or SJCs to clinician counts in patients with RA. We calculated pooled summary estimates for correlation. Agreement was compared using a Bland-Altman approach.ResultsFourteen studies were included in the metaanalysis. There were strong correlations between clinician and patient TJCs (0.78, 95% CI 0.76–0.80), and clinician and patient SJCs (0.59, 95% CI 0.54–0.63). TJCs had good reliability, ranging from 0.51 to 0.85. SJCs had moderate reliability, ranging from 0.28 to 0.77. Agreement for TJCs reduced for higher TJC values, suggesting a positive bias for self-reported TJCs, which was not observed for SJCs.ConclusionOur metaanalysis has identified a strong correlation between patient- and clinician-reported TJCs, and a moderate correlation for SJCs. Patient-reported joint counts may be suitable for use in annual review for patients in remission and in monitoring treatment response for patients with RA. However, they are likely not appropriate for decisions on commencement of biologics. Further research is needed to identify patient groups in which patient-reported joint counts are unsuitable.