bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PEMBERDAYAAN NAPI PEREMPUAN DI LP TANJUNG GUSTA KECAMATAN MEDAN HELVETIA, MEDAN, SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Rina Saraswaty  , Suprayitno  , Salamiah Sari Dewi  
Published: October 2021

Lembaga Pemasyarakatan sebagai wadah pembinaan warga narapidana melalui pendidikan, rehabilitasi dan reintegrasi narapidana. Sistem pemasyarakatan bertujuan untuk mengembalikan Warga Binaan Pemasyarakatan sebagai warga yang baik, juga bertujuan untuk melindungi masyarakat terhadap kemungkinan diulangi kembali tindak pidana oleh Warga Binaan Pemasyarakatan. Setiap narapidana didalam Lembaga Pemasyarakatan dibina agar dapat menggali potensinya dan mengembangkannya menjadi narapidana yang baik dan taat kepada hukum,menjunjung tinggi nilai-nilai moral sebagai bekal hidup dikemudian hari apabila sudah keluar dari Lembaga Permasyarakatan. Kelompok Dosen Fakultas Teknik Universitas Medan Area telah melaksanakan pengabdian kepada masyarakat melalui Program Kemitraan Masyarakat (PKM) dengan mengadakan pelatihan keterampilan menjahit di Lapas Kelas IIa Tanjung Gusta.Tujuan kegiatan pembekalan pelatihan ini untuk memberdayakan Narapidana Perempuan Kelas IIa Tanjung Gusta Medan agar memiliki keahlian sebagai bekal berwira usaha untuk meningkatkan produktifitas dan ekonomi setelah bebas nanti disamping untuk menumbuhkan rasa percaya diri. Program ini juga diharapkan menjadi program berkelanjutan pada mitra binaan.Metode yang digunakan dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan ini adalah dengan memberikan pengetahuan dan pelatihan keterampilan berupa mendesain pola (patron) untuk dijahit menjadi pakaian yang dapat dipakai dan dapat dipasarkan.Selanjutnya dilakukan pembinaan secara periodik melalui koordinasi dengan pihak lapas. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Perempuan Tanjung Gusta Medan dalam waktu 8 bulan efektif dan diikuti oleh narapidana sebanyak 20 orang yang memiliki masa tahanan akan berakhir. Kegiatan dilaksanakan sekali dalam seminggu dengan materi pelatihan dan praktik mendesain dan membuat pola (patron) pakaian dan menjahit. Kegiatan ini akan dievaluasi efektifitasnya dengan mengacu kepada peningkatan keahlian mereka didalam mendesain pola pakaian dan produk hasil jahitan.
Charakter prawny umowy o dofinansowanie projektu ze środków europejskich w ramach polityki spójności
Authors: Talaga Robert 
Published: October 2021

Ustanawiając okres vacatio legis prawodawca powinien wziąć pod uwagę całokształt okoliczności towarzyszących wejściu w życie aktu prawnego. Do tej pory pomijano ogólną liczbę aktów prawnych wchodzących w życie w tym samym czasie. Celem badania było określenie, czy istnieją istotne statystycznie różnice w liczbie ustaw i rozporządzeń wchodzących w życie w poszczególnych miesiącach na przestrzeni lat 1992–2018. Istnienie różnic potwierdzono analizą zebranych danych. Autorzy postulują bardziej równomierne rozłożenie zmian w prawie na wszystkie miesiące roku. Przeciwny wypadek może – zdaniem autorów – oznaczać to naruszenie zasady odpowiedniej vacatio legis oraz będącej jej podstawą zasady zaufania jednostki do państwa i stanowionego przez nie prawa.
When establishing the vacatio legis period, the legislator should take into account all the circumstances surrounding the entry into force of a legal act. An issue so far overlooked is the total number of legal acts coming into force at the same time. The aim of the study was to determine if there are statistically significant differences in the number of acts and regulations coming into force in individual months over the years 1992–2018. Those have been confirmed for various times of the year. The authors suggest a more even distribution of changes is needed for almost all months of the year. Otherwise, according to the authors, this may mean a violation of the principle of adequate vacatio legis and the principle of the individual’s trust in the state and the law underpinning it.
Perception of Senior Faculty Regarding Frame Factors in Curriculum Change at Undergraduate Level in Medical and Dental Schools
Authors: Bakhtiar Muhammad , Khattak Almas , Mahboob Usman , Mufti Maria , Bakhtiar Anum 
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVES: To determine the perceptions of senior faculty regarding frame factors influencing curriculum change at undergraduate level in public and private medical and dental schools at Peshawar, Pakistan. METHODOLOGY: This was qualitative exploratory case study and senior faculty was interviewed regarding the frame factors influencing integration and changes in undergraduate medical curriculum. Data was collected through in-depth interviews. Transcription, thick description was analyzed, coding was done, and similar codes were converted into categories. Finally, themes were created and concluded by thematic analysis. RESULTS: A total of ten interviews were done that identified 52 open codes. These codes were merged into 19 categories that led to development of five themes of frame factors influencing the medical curriculum. The themes and categories were: Lack of proper resources including human, technical, financial and infrastructure (building, equipment); Environmental factors, which included cultural, political and social contexts, which if not supportive could influence the change in curriculum; Lack of supports from regulatory authorities; leadership; legal issues and fragmented assessment approach minimize the dream of the changes in curriculums. CONCLUSION: Intention to change the medical curriculum is the ultimate goal but it is unlikely to grasp better pace due to few bottlenecks such as resources, infrastructure, and cultural, political and legal issues.
OSSOS. XXIII. 2013 VZ70 and the Temporary Coorbitals of the Giant Planets
Authors: Alexandersen Mike , Greenstreet Sarah , Gladman Brett J. , Bannister Michele T. , Chen 陳 Ying-Tung 英同 , Gwyn Stephen D. J. , Kavelaars JJ , Petit Jean-Marc , Volk Kathryn , Lehner Matthew J. , Wang 王 Shiang-Yu 祥宇 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We present the discovery of 2013 VZ70, the first known horseshoe coorbital companion of Saturn. Observed by the Outer Solar System Origins Survey for 4.5 yr, the orbit of 2013 VZ70 is determined to high precision, revealing that it currently is in “horseshoe” libration with the planet. This coorbital motion will last at least thousands of years but ends ∼10 kyr from now; 2013 VZ70 is thus another example of the already-known “transient coorbital” populations of the giant planets, with this being the first known prograde example for Saturn (temporary retrograde coorbitals are known for Jupiter and Saturn). We present a theoretical steady-state model of the scattering population of trans-Neptunian origin in the giant planet region (2–34 au), including the temporary coorbital populations of the four giant planets. We expose this model to observational biases using survey simulations in order to compare the model to the real detections made by a set of well-characterized outer solar system surveys. While the observed number of coorbitals relative to the scattering population is higher than predicted, we show that the number of observed transient coorbitals of each giant planet relative to each other is consistent with a trans-Neptunian source.
Pilotage de l’innovation ouverte : quel leadership ?
Authors: Courie Lemeur Aline 
Published: October 2021

L’innovation est devenue un facteur de pérennité commun à toutes les organisations. Cependant son coût et sa complexité croissante favorisent l’initiation de collaborations inter-organisationnelles. Ainsi, l’innovation ne relève plus d’un modèle fermé, mais d’un modèle ouvert. Dans cet article, nous nous intéressons au leadership au sein des organisations menant des projets en innovation ouverte, notamment de forme Coupled . Nous cherchons à comprendre si les attributs du leader et les caractéristiques de son leadership changeraient en fonction de la nature de l’organisation, de sa taille et de son secteur d’activité ? Nous construisons une grille de lecture théorique et nous observons les fondements du leadership dans un échantillon comportant deux organisations de tailles différentes, l’une publique et l’autre privée dans deux secteurs d’activités différents (bancaire et automobile), mobilisant le modèle innovation ouverte de type Coupled . L’interprétation des résultats nous permettra de répondre à la problématique et de formuler des préconisations. Code JEL : O3
Recensement de l’Inde de 2011 : 181 millions d’habitants de plus en dix ans
Authors: Véron Jacques , Nanda Aswini K. 
Published: October 2021

Les premiers résultats du recensement indien de 2011, innovant par son contenu, ses modalités et le mode de traitement des données, indiquent un ralentissement de la croissance démographique depuis 2001 (1,64 % de croissance annuelle moyenne, contre 1,97 % entre 1991 et 2001) et une progression de l’alphabétisation (65 % en 2001 et 74 % en 2011). Mais de nombreuses disparités persistent, notamment en termes de taux de fécondité et de mortalité infantile, ou de densités qui augmentent dans les plaines agricoles, autour du Gange et des mégapoles de Dehli et Kolkota (Calcutta). La discrimination vis-à-vis des petites filles a diminué dans les États où elle était la plus forte mais s’est accentuée ailleurs. Bien que la population indienne soit bien avancée dans sa transition démographique, elle va continuer de croître dans les cinquante prochaines années.
Réécrire le passé pour angoisser le présent
Authors: Ledroit Mathias 
Published: October 2021

La « Nova Història », la « nouvelle histoire », est un courant de pseudo-histoire qui apparaît dans l’espace public en 2007. Elle se propose de révéler la spoliation et l’oppression que l’Espagne exerce sur la Catalogne depuis 1469. Cette réécriture du passé entend diffuser un sentiment d’angoisse et d’urgence dans la société catalane, urgence de proclamer l’indépendance pour rompre les chaînes de la colonisation avec lesquelles l’État espagnol a entravé les Catalans. Il ne s’agira pas, dans cet article, de rétablir les faits ni de s’interroger sur la pertinence de ce courant. On envisagera cette « nouvelle histoire » comme un système doté d’une cohérence interne et dont on proposera un premier essai de synthèse.
A Collective Roar from the Taller de Gráfica Popular:Mariana Yampolsky, Elizabeth Catlett, Fanny Rabel and Celia Calderón
Authors: Mirkin Dina Comisarenco 
Published: October 2021

Este artículo se centra en la producción gráfica de cuatro grabadoras: Mariana Yampolsky, Elizabeth Catlett, Fanny Rabel y Celia Calderón. A partir de la década de los 40 y hasta los años 60, formaron parte del colectivo de artistas políticos llamado Taller de Gráfica Popular de México. Allí, produjeron obras con características estilísticas e iconográficas muy originales, principalmente en lo que respecta a la representación femenina, mostrando sus propias vidas de mujeres, en relación tanto con sus experiencias individuales como compartidas. El estudio nos permite, acercarnos a la historia de la mujer desde una perspectiva no oficial, pero también reconocer en particular, algunas de las contribuciones fundamentales que dichas artistas hicieron al Taller de Gráfica Popular, así como al arte mexicano en general..
Selective Inhibition of the Interaction between SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 and ACE2 by SPIDAR Peptide Induces Anti-Inflammatory Therapeutic Responses
Authors: Paidi Ramesh K , Jana Malabendu , Mishra Rama K , Dutta Debashis , Pahan Kalipada 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Many patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in intensive care units suffer from cytokine storm. Although anti-inflammatory therapies are available to treat the problem, very often, these treatments cause immunosuppression. Because angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) on host cells serves as the receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), to delineate a SARS-CoV-2–specific anti-inflammatory molecule, we designed a hexapeptide corresponding to the spike S1–interacting domain of ACE2 receptor (SPIDAR) that inhibited the expression of proinflammatory molecules in human A549 lung cells induced by pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2, but not vesicular stomatitis virus. Accordingly, wild-type (wt), but not mutated (m), SPIDAR inhibited SARS-CoV-2 spike S1–induced activation of NF-κB and expression of IL-6 and IL-1β in human lung cells. However, wtSPIDAR remained unable to reduce activation of NF-κB and expression of proinflammatory molecules in lungs cells induced by TNF-α, HIV-1 Tat, and viral dsRNA mimic polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, indicating the specificity of the effect. The wtSPIDAR, but not mutated SPIDAR, also hindered the association between ACE2 and spike S1 of SARS-CoV-2 and inhibited the entry of pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2, but not vesicular stomatitis virus, into human ACE2-expressing human embryonic kidney 293 cells. Moreover, intranasal treatment with wtSPIDAR, but not mutated SPIDAR, inhibited lung activation of NF-κB, protected lungs, reduced fever, improved heart function, and enhanced locomotor activities in SARS-CoV-2 spike S1–intoxicated mice. Therefore, selective targeting of SARS-CoV-2 spike S1-to-ACE2 interaction by wtSPIDAR may be beneficial for coronavirus disease 2019.
Development of Neutralizing Multimeric Nanobody Constructs Directed against IL-13: From Immunization to Lead Optimization
Authors: Gevenois Philippe J-L Y , De Pauw Pieter , Schoonooghe Steve , Delporte Cédric , Sebti Thami , Amighi Karim , Muyldermans Serge , Wauthoz Nathalie 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
IL-13 is a pleiotropic cytokine mainly secreted by Th2 cells. It reacts with many different types of cells involved in allergy, inflammation, and fibrosis, e.g., mastocytes, B cells, and fibroblasts. The role of IL-13 in conditions involving one or several of these phenotypes has therefore been extensively investigated. The inhibition of this cytokine in animal models for various pathologies yielded highly promising results. However, most human trials relying on anti–IL-13 conventional mAbs have failed to achieve a significant improvement of the envisaged disorders. Where some studies might have suffered from several weaknesses, the strategies themselves, such as targeting only IL-13 using conventional mAbs or employing a systemic administration, could be questioned. Nanobodies are recombinant Ag-binding fragments derived from the variable part of H chain–only Abs occurring in Camelidae. Thanks to their single-domain structure, small size (≈15 kDa), good stability, and solubility, they can be engineered into multispecific constructs for combined therapies or for use in new strategies such as formulations for local administration, e.g., pulmonary administration. In this study, we describe the generation of 38 nanobodies that can be subdivided into five CDR3 families. Nine nanobodies were found to have a good affinity profile (KD = 1–200 nM), but none were able to strongly inhibit IL-13 biological activity in vitro (IC50 &gt; 50 µM: HEK-Blue IL-13/IL-4 cells). Multimeric constructs were therefore designed from these inhibitors and resulted in an up to 36-fold improvement in affinity and up to 300-fold enhancement of the biological activity while conserving a high specificity toward IL-13.
Knowledge, Perception, and Myths about COVID-19
Authors: Chowdhury Souradeep , Sarda Radhika , Kumar Arvind , Singh Anupam K. , Vikas H. , Ranjan Piyush , Wig Naveet 
Published: October 2021

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic has forced us to adapt to new habits, and to embrace a new normal. The authors wanted to conduct a study to gauge the public perception regarding the ongoing pandemic.

Aims and Objectives:
A single center cross-sectional study was conducted among hospital employees and their dependents attending the COVID screening outpatient department at a tertiary care hospital in Northern India, to gauge the knowledge, perception, and prevalent myths among the same.

Methodology:
For a set of 14 questions, the participants had a mean (standard deviation) score of 6 (2.14). Only 50 participants had adequate knowledge in all the three sections, namely knowledge, perception, and myths.

Results:
Our observation has been that the particular group we studied were still unaware of basic information such as transmission, clinical features, use of masks, and other key aspects about the ongoing pandemic.

Conclusion:
Extensive information campaigns and behavioral changes are needed to bring up the level of knowledge, particularly in hospital employees because they make an important subgroup in the community about creating a sense of awareness about the pandemic.
Quality of Life Scale among Perimenopausal and Postmenopausal Women in a Rural Area of Delhi
Authors: Basu Saurav , Pangtey Ruchira , Banerjee Bratati , Kumar Saurabh 
Published: October 2021

Background:
The average Indian woman has early onset menopause compared to the global average. Assessment of the quality of life (QOL) among Indian women with perimenopause or postmenopause at health facilities using a rapidly administered, validated instrument is required.

Objective:
To assess the QOL among perimenopause and postmenopausal women in India and to ascertain the factors influencing their QOL using a brief instrument suitable for clinical use.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted during August to October 2019 in the medical outpatient department at a government secondary care hospital in a rural area of Delhi, India. We enrolled women in the age group of 40–59 years.

Results:
We recruited 136 participants with a response rate of 92%. The mean (standard deviation) age of the participants was 49.2 (6.1) years. A majority (51.2%) of the participants were illiterate, and only 22 (16.6%) were employed. The Cronbach's alpha of the Utian QOL was 0.824, indicating good reliability. The QOL scores of the participants were below average for the occupational and emotional domains, but higher for the health and sexual domains. On bivariate analysis, we found education not more than primary school, not being employed, and having more than two children were associated with lower QOL scores.

Conclusion:
Women with greater education, employment, with up-to two children and without depressive symptoms reported a better QOL, but it did not differ significantly between perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.
A cross-sectional study on mother’s knowledge, feeding practices, childcare and malnutrition in Sumbawanga, Tanzania
Authors: Protas Pessa , Mweya Clement Nyamunura 
Published: October 2021

Background: Malnutrition is the major cause linked to many diseases and is a burden recognized in many developing countries including Tanzania. A child’s intake can have a significant impact on health, growth, and development. Understanding mothers’ knowledge of children’s intake can play a vital role in improving their nutritional status. This study aimed at exploring mothers’ knowledge, feeding practices, childcare, and malnutrition among children aged between six months and five years.
Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was undertaken in Sumbawanga municipal, from September to December 2020. Data was collected from interviews filled in structured questionnaires among mothers of children aged six months to less than five years. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 based on a total of 190 study participants. Descriptive statistics and c2 tests were used to assess the significance levels of associated variables.
Results: The total sample of children included in the study was 190, therefore 190 mothers. Out of the 190 mothers, 65 (34.21%) had not attended formal education, 53 (27.89%) had a primary education level, 42 (22.11%) had a secondary education level and 30 (15.79%) has a college or university education level. The majority of mothers, 145 (51.58%) were single, divorced or widowed whereas the majority of mothers, 51.58% (98) were not employed. Marital status and education level had an impact on child’s care and malnutrition reported cases (c2 = 15.06, p < 0.0001). Food availability in families of many children with more individuals living together showed to be significantly associated with incidences related to malnutrition (χ2 = 25.76, p < 0.001). Mother’s feeding practices of less than two times a day showed to be significantly associated with and incidences related to malnutrition (χ2 = 23.54, p < 0.0001). Mother’s good maternal care showed to be significantly associated with attendance to ANC services and husband/ partner's financial support (χ2 = 43.22, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Current mothers’ knowledge and practices about malnutrition and incidences of nutritional related-illness in children in Sumbawanga municipal calls for urgent health education to improve children’s health status.
Early clinical markers of metabolic syndrome among secondary school adolescents in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: LWABUKUNA WARLES CHARLES , MGONDA YASSIN 
Published: October 2021

Background: Metabolic syndrome is defined by the presence of three of four disorders; hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus type 2. The presence of anyone or two of these constitutes early markers of the syndrome. It occurs in children and adolescents but its magnitude has not been determined consistently in many countries including Tanzania. Detection of early clinical markers is an effective preventive strategy. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of early clinical markers of metabolic syndrome among secondary school adolescents in Dar es Salaam.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among secondary schools in Dar es Salaam. Structured questionnaires were used to record demographic data. Blood pressure and anthropometric measurements were taken using standard methods. Fasting blood samples were collected for blood glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, and triglyceride. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria were utilized.
Results: A total of 217 adolescents were enrolled; of these males and females were 32% (69) and 68% (148) respectively. Of these; 75% (162) were young adolescents (14-17years). Participants from public and private schools were 48% (104) and 52% (113) respectively. Early clinical markers of metabolic syndrome were detected in 43% (94) with at least one clinical marker and 9% (19) with two markers. The prevalence of full-blown metabolic syndrome was 1.4% (3). Overall, the clinical markers included; dyslipidemia 30% (64), central obesity 22% (48), hyperglycemia 13% (29) and hypertension 2% (4). The prevalence of central obesity was 26% (42) among young adolescents and 11% (6) among elderly adolescents and the difference was significant (p value= 0.02).
Conclusion: Early clinical markers of metabolic syndrome exist among Dar es Salaam secondary school adolescents with dyslipidemia being the commonest marker while central obesity was much common among young adolescents. School programs for screening students for detection of early markers of metabolic syndrome are needed.