bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-PEEP Mechanical Ventilation and P/F Ratio Evolution in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Ceruti Samuele , Roncador Marco , Saporito Andrea , Biggiogero Maira , Glotta Andrea , Maida Pier Andrea , Urso Patrizia , Bona Giovanni , Borgeat Alain , Garzoni Christian , Mauri Romano 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background Critically ill COVID-19 patients are burdened by high mortality. Evaluation to improve patients’ management was performed using strict patient criteria for Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission, a low- positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) setting and standard thromboembolism treatment. Objectives of this study was to report the effects of this strategy on P/F-ratio evolution during mechanical ventilation (MV), ICU length of stay (LOS) and MV length.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on all consecutive patients with acute respiratory distress due to COVID-19 pneumonia admitted into ICU from March 2nd to January 15th, 2021. Patients were treated with a low-PEEP strategy (PEEP 10 cmH2O if BMI < 30 Kg m-2, PEEP 12 cmH2O if BMI 30-50 Kg m-2, PEEP 15 cmH2O if BMI > 50 Kg m-2) and therapeutic anticoagulation in case of thrombosis or D-dimer greater than 1’500 ng ml-1.Results 79 patients were on invasive MV. Average applied PEEP was 11 ± 2.9 cmH2O for BMI < 30 Kg m-2, 16 ± 3.18 cmH2O for BMI > 30 Kg m-2. After low-PEEP application, patients’ P/F ratio presented daily improvement from admission during next 72 hours (p<0.001; CI 99%) that resulted statistically significant for each single day after oro-tracheal intubation (OTI). Median ICU length of stay (LOS) was 15 days (10–28); median duration of MV was 12 days (8–26). The ICU mortality rate was 31.6%.Conclusions A combination of low-PEEP treatment resulted in P/F persistent daily ratio improvement during first 72 hours after OTI. A low-PEEP strategy could be beneficial in hemodynamic than respiratory terms.
Prevalence and Outcome of Abdominal Vascular Injury in Severe Trauma Patients – An International Registry Analysis
Authors: Barbati Mohammad Esmaeil , Hildebrand Frank , Andruszkow Hagen , Lefering Rolf , Jacobs Michael , Jalaie Houman , Gombert Alexander 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThis study details the etiology, frequency and effect of abdominal vascular injuries in patients after polytrauma.Patients and methodsAll patients of TraumaRegister DGU® with following criteria were included: online documentation of European trauma centers, age 16-85 years, presence of abdominal vascular injury, and AIS ≥ 3. Patients were divided in three groups of: arterial injury only, venous injury only, mixed arterial and venous injuries.ResultsA total of 2949 patients were included. All types of vessel injuries were more prevalent in patients with abdominal trauma followed by thoracic trauma. Rate of patients with shock upon admission were the same in patients with arterial injury alone (n= 606, 33%) and venous injury alone (n=95, 32%). Venous trauma showed higher odds ratio for in-hospital mortality (OR: 1.48; 95% CI 1.10-1.98, p=0.010).ConclusionAbdominal arterial injury and venous injury were equally responsible for the rate of hemodynamic instability at the time of admission. However, the proportion of adverse outcome during hospital stay was significantly higher in patients with venous injury. Stable patients suspected of abdominal vascular injuries should be further investigated to exclude or localize the possible retroperitoneal hematoma caused by subtle venous injury.
Assessment of The Canary Current Upwelling System In A Regionally Coupled Climate Model
Authors: Vazquez Ruben , Parras-Berrocal Ivan , Cabos William , Sein Dmitry V. , Mañanes Rafael , Izquierdo Alfredo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The Canary current upwelling is one of the major eastern boundary coastal upwelling systems in the world, bearing a high productive ecosystem and commercially important fisheries. The Canary current upwelling system (CCUS) has a large latitudinal extension, usually divided into upwelling zones with different characteristics. Eddies, filaments and other mesoscale processes are known to have an impact in the upwelling productivity, thus for a proper representation of the CCUS a large spatial coverage and high horizontal resolution are required. Here we assess the CCUS present climate in the atmosphere-ocean regionally coupled model ROM (REMO-OASIS-MPIOM). ROM presents a global oceanic component with increased horizontal resolution along the northwestern African coast, and its performance over the CCUS is assessed against relevant reanalysis data sets and compared with an ensemble of global climate models (GCMs) and an ensemble of atmosphere-only regional climate models (RCMs) in order to assess the role of the horizontal resolution. ROM reproduces the larger scale pattern of the CCUS and its latitudinal and seasonal variability over the coastal band, improving the GCMs outputs. ROM shows a performance comparable to the ensemble of RCMs in representing the coastal wind stress and near-surface air temperature fields. ROM is able of properly reproducing mesoscale structures, being able to simulate the upwelling filaments events off Cape Ghir, which are not well represented in most of GCMs. Our results stress the ability of ROM to reproduce the larger scale as well as mesoscale processes over the CCUS, opening the possibility to evaluate the climate change signal there with increased confidence.
High-performance Tunable Multichannel Absorbers Couple with Graphene-based Grating and Dual-Tamm Plasmonic Structures
Authors: Hu Jinlei , Hu Zhengda , Wang Jicheng , Balmakou Aliaksei , Khakhomov Sergei , Semchenko Igor 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We present a hybrid Tamm system targeting the tunable multichannel absorber. The proposed optical absorber is analyzed and investigated by using the transfer matrix method (TMM). The numerical and theoretical studies show that the four perfect absorption peaks are generated by two types of resonant modes excited in the structure, which can be reasonably explained by the guide-mode resonance (GMR) and optical Tamm state (OTS). More importantly, the strong interaction between the two modes gives rise to mode hybridization by adjusting the grating period. Furthermore, the active modulation of the GMR-based peak can be manipulated discretely by tuning the polarization angle or continuously by changing the chemical potential of graphene. The presented optical absorption filter will meet high level of effectiveness in developing high-performance optoelectronic devices.
Identification of a Novel Gene Model-Based Homologous Recombination Deficiency Score to Improve Survival Prediction of TNBC.
Authors: Zhang Wenxiang , Ai Bolun , Kong Xiangyi , Wang Xiangyu , Zhai Jie , Gao Ran , Qi Yihang , Liu Qiang , Zhu Mengliu , Ren Yingpeng , Fang Yi , Wang Jing 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a specific histological type of breast cancer with a poor prognosis, early recurrence, which lacks durable chemotherapy responses and effective targeted therapies. We aimed to construct an accurate prognostic risk model based on homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) - gene expression profiles for improving prognosis prediction of TNBC.
Methods

Triple-negative breast cancer RNA sequencing data and sample clinical information were downloaded from the breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA) cohort in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Combined with the HRD database, tumor samples were divided into two sets. We screened differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and then identified HRD-related prognostic genes using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and Cox regression analysis. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to identifying key prognostic genes. Risk scores were calculated and compared with HRD score, Kaplan–Meier (KM) survival analysis were used to assess its prognostic power. GSE103091 dataset from GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) database was used to validate the signature. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression were performed to independently verify the prognosis of the risk score. A nomogram was constructed and revealed by time-dependent ROC curves to guide clinical practice.
Results

We found that HRD tumor samples (HRD score > = 42) in TNBC patients were associated with poor overall survival (p = 0.027). We identified a total of 147 differential genes including 203 up-regulated and 213 down-regulated genes, among which 29 were prognosis-related genes. Through the LASSO method, 6 key prognostic genes ((MUCL1, IVL, FAM46C, CHI3L1, PRR15L, and CLEC3A) were selected and a 6-gene risk score was constructed. We found risk score was negatively associated with homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) scores (r = -0.22, p = 0.019). Compared with the low-risk group, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis shows that the high-risk group has an obvious poorer prognosis (P < 0.0001). Finally, we integrated the risk score model and clinical factors of TNBC (AJCC-stage, HRD score, T stage, and N stage) to construct a compound nomogram. Time-dependent ROC curves showed the risk score performed better in 1-, 3- and 5-year survival predictions compared with AJCC-stage.
Conclusions

Based on HRD gene expression data, our six HRD-related gene signature and nomogram could be practical and reliable tools for predicting OS in patients with TNBC.
New Challenges Towards the Ecological Management of Paliastomi Lake Will Significantly Improve the Local Environment With Far-Going Positive Global Consequences
Authors: Abramia Grigol , Gverdsiteli Leila , Eristavi Dimitri , Kalandadze Besik , Girgvliani Akaki , Weber Gero , Honecker Ulrich , Kubiniok Jochen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe purpose of the research was to provide the review of the institutional and legal requirements and evaluation of the existing sanitary-biological research of the Lake Paliastomi waters; study the current state of environment, problems of pollution from agricultural sources, municipal wastewater and industry in line with the bacterial pollution caused by migratory waterfowl of the Lake Paliastomi, an internationally recognized habitat, wintery and transit area of the birds and an important tourism site. ResultsHave been prepared the analytical data on: the review of the institutional and legal requirements; evaluation of the existing sanitary-biological research of the following waters in the Lake; definition of dynamics of sanitary-microbial indicators in flowing waters; study of biological characteristics of secreted pathogenic agents and definition of their vulnerability towards bacteriophages; mathematical simulation model on different scenarios of dissemination of chemical pollutants and pathogenic bacteria in the lake Paliastomi. The researchers identified that the pollution by nutrient-rich water causing large blooms of algae and aquatic plants that in its turn leaves little oxygen for fish and other aquatic animals, resulting in the eutrophication followed by suffocation of aquatic life.ConclusionsThe solution of problem requires complex respond: the selected spring sites, regular monitoring of nitrate contents and other basic physico-chemical water parameters; simultaneous, continuous discharge recording; monitoring and maintaining water levels in the wetlands; removing sediment and organic debris build up in wetland pond and etc.Mathematical modeling of dissemination of the pathogenic bacteria in the Lake Paliastomi enables us to permanently monitor not only the inflowing waters of Paliastomi Lake, but seasonal sources of bacterial pollution due to the migratory birds. In line with monitoring, localized prophylactic point sources spraying of Salmonella bacteriophage cocktail (SBC) by agricultural drones will be useful to restrain bacterial contamination.
In Vitro Effect of the Biomechanics After Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) Intervention on Rabbit Cornea
Authors: Su Guanyu , Han Shaofeng , Song Bowen , Cao Kai , Liang Qingfeng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objective: To observe the change of the biomechanical properties of rabbit cornea after the intervention by corneal collagen cross linking (CXL) and toluidine blue O combined with red light (TBOR).Methods: The study was carried out in compliance with the ARRIVE guidelines. 20 healthy adult New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into two groups. One group was taken with Riboflavin combined with UV light therapy in the right eye of healthy New Zealand white rabbits, and the other group was taken toluidine blue O combined with red light (TBOR) treatment. All left eyes were taken as controls. Parameters, from Pentacam and Corvis ST like K1 (The keratometry readings of the flattest), K2 (The keratometry readings of the steepest), ACD (Anterior chamber depth), Pupil diameter, ACA (Mean angle of the anterior chamber), ACV (Volume of the anterior chamber), bIOP (Biomechanical Intraocular pressure), CT (Corneal thickness, pachymetry), A1 Time(Time from starting until the first applanation), A1 Velocity(Corneal speed during the first applanation moment), A2 Time (Time from starting until the second applanation), A2 Velocity (Corneal speed during the second applanation moment), HC Time(Time from starting until highest concavity is reached), Peak Dist(Distance of the two “peaks” at highest concavity) and HC-Radius(The radius at highest concavity), were examined before and 2 weeks after intervention. The rabbits were sacrificed after anesthesia. Then, their corneas were removed for corneal stretch test.Results: With the examination of Pentacam and Corvis ST, IOP(11.28 ± 11.2mmHg v.s. 6.66 ± 4.02mmHg) and A1 time(7.03 ± 1.27s v.s. 6.55 ± 0.35s) were increased, comparing with those before intervention. From the in vitro corneal stretch test, the tangent modulus of the CXL group was more than 3 times of the Control group, whereas the tangent modulus of the TBOR group was about 0.7 times to that of the Control group.Conclusions: From the rabbit cornea intervention with CXL and TBOR, CXL showed an obvious effect of increasing the hardness of rabbit cornea, while TBOR may did no help to increase the hardness of cornea.
Comprehensive Assessment of NR Ligand Polypharmacology by a Multiplex Reporter NR Assay.
Authors: Medvedev Alexander , Moeser Matt , Medvedeva Liubov , Martsen Elena , Granick Alexander , Raines Lydia , Gorman Kristen , Lin Benjamin , Zeng Ming , Houck Keith A. , Makarov Sergei S. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Nuclear receptors (NR) are ligand-modulated transcription factors that regulate multiple cell functions and thus represent excellent drug targets. However, due to a considerable NR structural homology, NR ligands often interact with multiple receptors. Here, we describe a multiplex reporter assay (the FACTORIAL NR) that enables parallel assessment of NR ligand activity across all 48 human NRs. The assay comprises one-hybrid GAL4-NR reporter modules transiently transfected into test cells. To evaluate the reporter activity, we assessed their RNA transcripts. We used a homogeneous RNA detection approach that afforded equal detection efficacy and permitted the multiplex detection in a single-well format. For validation, we examined a panel of selective NR ligands and polypharmacological agonists and antagonists of the progestin, estrogen, PPAR, ERR, and ROR receptors. The assay produced highly reproducible NR activity profiles (r >0.96) permitting quantitative assessment of individual NR responses. The inferred EC50 values agreed with the published data. The assay showed excellent quality (= 0.73) and low variability (=7.2%). Furthermore, the assay permitted distinguishing direct and non-direct NR responses to ligands. Therefore, the FACTORIAL NR enables comprehensive evaluation of NR ligand polypharmacology.
Distributed MEMS Sensors using Plasmonic Antenna Array Embedded Sagnac Interferometer
Authors: Garhwal Anita , Arumona Arumona Edward , Youplao Phichai , Ray Kanad , Yupapin Preecha 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A micro Sagnac interferometer is proposed for electron cloud distributed sensors formed by an integrated (micro-electro-mechanical systems) MEMS resonator structure. The Sagnac interferometer consists of four microring probes integrated into a Sagnac loop. Each of the microring probes is embedded with the silver bars to form the plasmonic wave oscillation. The polarized light of 1.50µm wavelength is input into the interferometer, which is polarized randomly into upstream and downstream directions. The polarization outputs can be controlled by the space-time input at the Sagnac port. Electrons are trapped and oscillated by the whispering gallery modes (WGMs), where the plasmonic antennas are established and applied for wireless fidelity (WiFi) and light fidelity (LiFi) sensing probes, respectively. Four antenna gains are 2.59dB, 0.93dB, 1.75dB, and 1.16dB, respectively. In manipulation, the sensing probe electron densities are changed by input source power variation. When the electron cloud is excited by the microscopic medium, where the change in electron density is obtained and reflected to the required parameters. Such a system is a novel device that can be applied for brain-device interfering with the dual-mode sensing probes. The obtained WGM sensors are 1.35µm-2, 0.90µm-2, 0.97µm-2 and, 0.81µm-2, respectively. The WGMs behave as a four-point probe for the electron cloud distributed sensors, where the electron cloud sensitivities of 2.31prads-1mm3 (electrons)-1, 2.27prads-1mm3 (electrons)-1, 2.22prads-1mm3(electrons)-1, 2.38prads-1mm3(electrons)-1 are obtained, respectively.
Next-Generation Sequencing Mutational Landscape and Clinical Features of Chinese Adults with Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
Authors: Luo Shuna , Wang Zanzan , Xu Xiaofei , Zhang Lan , Wang Shengjie , Jin Keyi , Huang Jian 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) include three classical subtypes: polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). Since prefibrotic primary myelofibrosis (pre-PMF) was recognized as a separate entity in the 2016 revised classification of MPN, it has been a subject of debate among experts due to its indefinite diagnosis. However, pre-PMF usually has a distinct outcome compared with either ET or overt PMF. In this study, we examined the clinical, haematologic, genetic, and prognostic differences among pre-PMF, ET, and overt PMF.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical parameters, haematologic information, and genetic mutations of patients who were diagnosed with pre-PMF, ET, and overt PMF according to the WHO 2016 criteria using next-generation sequencing (NGS).Results: Pre-PMF patients exhibited higher leukocyte counts, higher LDH values, a higher frequency of splenomegaly, and a higher incidence of hypertension than ET patients. On the other hand, pre-PMF patients had higher platelet counts and haemoglobin levels than overt PMF patients. Molecular analysis revealed that the frequency of EP300 mutations was significantly increased in pre-PMF patients compared with ET and overt PMF patients. In terms of outcome, male sex, along with symptoms including MPN-10, anaemia, thrombocytopenia, and KMT2A and CUX1 mutations, indicated a poor prognosis for PMF patients.Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that comprehensive evaluation of BM features, clinical phenotypes, haematologic parameters, and molecular profiles is needed for the accurate diagnosis and treatment of ET, pre-PMF, and overt PMF patients.
A Novel Structure to Enhance Second Harmonic Generation in Plasmonic Waveguide using Optimized Plasmon Polariton Nanoparticles
Authors: Zarei Mohammadreza , Kamali Abbas , Imanieh Mohsen , ghorashi Ali Emam 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a new structure for the plasmonic waveguide to optimize the nonlinear optical effect of the second harmonic generation (SHG). For this purpose, we use a layer of graphene grating and spherical and elliptical plasmon polariton nanoparticles made of gold and silver. The number, location and material of nanoparticles as well as the number of graphene layer gratings are optimized to achieve the highest possible nonlinear effect. The simulation results showed that the optical power of SHF wave and peak optical power of SHF is increased noticeably using grating layer of graphene along with optimized plasmon polariton nanoparticles.
Parenteral Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation Improves Outcome of Sepsis: A Real-World, Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Chen Youlian , Chen HuaiSheng , Jiang YiChun , Tang XueMing , Ma YongHui , Liu Xueyan , Wang Wei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objectives: The role of omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of sepsis is always on paradox. we tried to retrieve and download the patients’ data in a certain period through the hospital information system, used data sorting so as to screen out the patients with sepsis so as to find out the role of omega-3 fatty acids in sepsis. Methods: Through the hospital information system, retrieve and include the patients who were admitted to the Department of critical medicine of Shenzhen People's Hospital from December 2016 to June 2019, screen out patients diagnosed with sepsis according to a certain criterion. The patients were grouped by whether they were applicated with omega-3 fatty acid or not. Results: A total of 1733 cases included into analysis, among of whom 303 cases were applicated with omega-3 fatty acid. The amounts and baseline conditions between both groups were imbalance. Severity of omega-3 fatty acid group was higher than that of control group. Chi-square test found that the mortality rate of omega-3 fatty acid was higher than that of control group (p < 0.0001). But age, gender, whether there is abdominal infection, whether there is septicemia, shock, the need for mechanical ventilation, and the need for renal replacement therapy may all affect the prognosis of the patients. If these factors were used as covariates, multiple logistic regression analysis showed that there was no significant difference in mortality rate between the treatment group and the control group (P = 0.574). Survival analysis showed that the survival rate of treatment group was higher than that of the control group when at the end of total treatment duration (P = 0.035). Conclusion: For patients with more severe sepsis, doctors are more likely to use omega-3 fatty acids in the early stage. Omega-3 fatty acids may improve the long-term prognosis of sepsis, but the conclusion still needs to be accepted carefully.
Determining key upstream rainout and convection zones affecting δ18O in water vapor and precipitation based on 8-year continuous observations in the East Asian Monsoon region
Authors: Zhan Zhaojun , Pang Hongxi , Wu Shuangye , Liu Zhengyu , Zhang Wangbin , Xu Tao , Liu Hui , Hou Shugui 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
More and more studies have recognized the crucial impact of upstream rainout effect and convective activities on the stable isotopic composition of precipitation (δ18Op) and water vapor (δ18Ov) at mid and low latitudes. However, it is difficult to precisely identify the upstream rainout and convection zones using the traditional time-lagged spatial correlation method. Based on a continuous high-resolution δ18Ov and δ18Op dataset in Nanjing (eastern China), a novel method of upstream key rainout region identification (UKRRI) is developed for reliably identifying the key upstream rainout and convection zones. Based on the UKRRI method, we find that summer δ18Ov and δ18Op in Nanjing are primarily controlled by the rainout effect and convective activities along the moisture transport pathway from the Maritime Continent (MC), via the Indo-China Peninsula and South China Sea (ICP_SCS), to Southeastern China (SEC), particularly over SEC. Contrary to existing studies, the Indian Ocean is not a major rainout and convection zone affecting δ18Ov and δ18Op in Nanjing. Our study has significant implications for the interpretation of stalagmite δ18O records in East Asian Monsoon (EAM) region.