bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Posterior Polyethylene Tethers Reduce Occurrence of Proximal Junctional Kyphosis After Multilevel Spinal Instrumentation for Adult Spinal Deformity: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Rabinovich Emily P , Snyder M Harrison , McClure Jesse J , Buell Thomas J , Smith Justin S , Shaffrey Christopher I , Buchholz Avery L 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) is a common postoperative complication after adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery and may manifest with neurological decline, worsening spinal deformity, and spinal instability, which warrant reoperation. Rates of PJK may be as high as 69.4% after ASD surgery.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the efficacy of junctional tethers for PJK prophylaxis after multilevel instrumented surgery for ASD with minimum 2-yr follow-up.

METHODS
Single-center retrospective analysis of adult patients (age ≥18 yr) who underwent ASD surgery with index operations performed between November 2010 and June 2016 and achieved minimum 2-yr follow-up. Patients with ASD were subdivided into 3 treatment cohorts based on institutional protocol: no tether (NT), polyethylene tether-only (TO), and tether with crosslink (TC). PJK was defined as a proximal junctional angle (PJA) >10° and 10° greater than the corresponding preoperative measurement. Patient demographics, operative details, standard radiographic scoliosis measurements (including PJA and assessment of PJK), and complications were analyzed.

RESULTS
Of 184 patients, 146 (79.3%) achieved minimum 2-yr follow-up (mean = 45 mo; mean age = 67 yr; 67.8% women). PJK rates reported for the NT, TO, and TC cohorts were 60.7% (37/61), 35.7% (15/42), and 23.3% (10/43), respectively. PJK rates among TC patients were significantly lower than NT (P = .01601).

CONCLUSION
Junctional tethers with crosslink significantly reduced the incidence of PJK and revisions for PJK among ASD patients treated with long-segment posterior instrumented fusions who achieved minimum 2-yr follow-up.
Cytoplasmic HYL1 modulates miRNA-mediated translational repression
Authors: Yang Xi , Dong Weiguo , Ren Wenqing , Zhao Qiuxia , Wu Feijie , He Yuke 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) control various biological processes by repressing target mRNAs. In plants, miRNAs mediate target gene repression via both mRNA cleavage and translational repression. However, the mechanism underlying this translational repression is poorly understood. Here, we found that Arabidopsis thaliana HYPONASTIC LEAVES1 (HYL1), a core component of the miRNA processing machinery, regulates miRNA-mediated mRNA translation but not miRNA biogenesis when it localized in the cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic HYL1 localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and associates with ARGONAUTE1 (AGO1) and ALTERED MERISTEM PROGRAM1. In the cytoplasm, HYL1 monitors the distribution of AGO1 onto polysomes, binds to the mRNAs of target genes, represses their translation, and partially rescues the phenotype of the hyl1 null mutant. This study uncovered another function of HYL1 and provides insight into the mechanism of plant gene regulation.
Arabidopsis cryptochrome 1 controls photomorphogenesis through regulation of H2A.Z deposition
Authors: Mao Zhilei , Wei Xuxu , Li Ling , Xu Peng , Zhang Jingyi , Wang Wenxiu , Guo Tongtong , Kou Shuang , Wang Wanting , Miao Langxi , Cao Xiaoli , Zhao Jiachen , Yang Guangqiong , Zhang Shilong , Lian Hongli , Yang Hong-Quan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Light is a key environmental cue that fundamentally regulates plant growth and development, which is mediated by the multiple photoreceptors including the blue light (BL) photoreceptor cryptochrome 1 (CRY1). The signaling mechanism of Arabidopsis thaliana CRY1 involves direct interactions with CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1 (COP1)/SUPPRESSOR OF PHYA-105 1 and stabilization of COP1 substrate ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5). H2A.Z is an evolutionarily conserved histone variant, which plays a critical role in transcriptional regulation through its deposition in chromatin catalyzed by SWR1 complex. Here we show that CRY1 physically interacts with SWC6 and ARP6, the SWR1 complex core subunits that are essential for mediating H2A.Z deposition, in a BL-dependent manner, and that BL-activated CRY1 enhances the interaction of SWC6 with ARP6. Moreover, HY5 physically interacts with SWC6 and ARP6 to direct the recruitment of SWR1 complex to HY5 target loci. Based on previous studies and our findings, we propose that CRY1 promotes H2A.Z deposition to regulate HY5 target gene expression and photomorphogenesis in BL through the enhancement of both SWR1 complex activity and HY5 recruitment of SWR1 complex to HY5 target loci, which is likely mediated by interactions of CRY1 with SWC6 and ARP6, and CRY1 stabilization of HY5, respectively.
A ferredoxin bridge connects the two arms of plant mitochondrial complex I
Authors: Klusch Niklas , Senkler Jennifer , Yildiz Özkan , Kühlbrandt Werner , Braun Hans-Peter 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Mitochondrial complex I is the main site for electron transfer to the respiratory chain and generates much of the proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Complex I is composed of two arms, which form a conserved L-shape. We report the structures of the intact, 47-subunit mitochondrial complex I from Arabidopsis thaliana and the 51-subunit complex I from the green alga Polytomella sp., both at around 2.9 Å resolution. In both complexes, a heterotrimeric γ-carbonic anhydrase domain is attached to the membrane arm on the matrix side. Two states are resolved in A. thaliana complex I, with different angles between the two arms and different conformations of the ND1 (NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1) loop near the quinol binding site. The angle appears to depend on a bridge domain, which links the peripheral arm to the membrane arm and includes an unusual ferredoxin. We propose that the bridge domain participates in regulating the activity of plant complex I.
Perceived Limitations of Walking in Individuals With Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Nelson Jennifer A , Boyer Elizabeth R 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveImpairments associated with cerebral palsy (CP) can affect gait quality and limit activity and participation. The purpose of this study was to quantify (1) which of 6 factors (pain, weakness, endurance, mental ability, safety concerns, balance) were perceived to limit walking ability the most in individuals with CP and (2) whether age or Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level is related to that perception.MethodsThis cross-sectional study queried data from a gait laboratory database. Perceived walking limitation was quantified using a 5-point Likert scale (“never” to “all of the time”). Included were 1566 children and adults (mean age = 10.9 y [SD = 6.8]; range = 3.0–72.1 y) with CP (GMFCS level I: 502; II: 564; III: 433; IV: 67).ResultsPatients or caregivers perceived balance to limit walking ability to the greatest extent, followed by endurance, weakness, safety, mental ability, and pain. Balance was perceived to always limit walking ability in 8%, 22%, 30%, and 34% of individuals in GMFCS levels I through IV, respectively. Endurance was perceived to always limit walking ability in 5%, 13%, 13%, and 27% of individuals in GMFCS levels I through IV, respectively. There were minor differences in the perceived extent of limitation caused by the factors by GMFCS level. Only weak associations between age and pain, mental ability, safety, and balance were observed (Spearman rho = −0.13 to 0.24).ConclusionPatients or caregivers perceived decreased balance and endurance to most strongly limit walking ability. Efforts should be made to clinically track how both perceived and objective measures of these limiting factors change with age and intervention.ImpactFollowing a patient- and family-centered care model, therapy that places greater emphasis on balance and cardiovascular endurance may have the greatest effect on walking ability for individuals with CP. Future research should quantify which therapeutic, surgical, and pharmacologic interventions minimize these impairments and optimize activity and participation.Lay SummaryBalance and endurance are perceived to be the greatest factors limiting walking in people with CP. If you have CP, your physical therapist might emphasize balance and cardiovascular endurance to improve your walking ability.
The social paradox of COVID-19 pandemic: the duality of socialization and the value of fraternal charity
Authors: Canete Jonathan James O 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Government across all nations had promulgated precautionary measures in controlling the wide spread of the disease. One that takes precedence is the practice of community quarantine where people are mandated to stay at home and avoid going outside if is not utterly necessary. This mandate caused a lot of catastrophic outcomes in the socio-economic condition and mental health of many. Many people are in psychological and existential despair for the loss of their jobs and the isolation that they are experiencing. However, in the midst of this undesirable condition, the natural tendency of the human person to socialize is still present. Done in the spirit of fraternal charity, an individual’s way of socialization gives hope to those who are in despair. The COVID-19 pandemic does not deter the human person to exercise his fraternal instinct but gives him sufficient reason to employ it all the more, creating the social paradox of human presence.
COVID-19 and suicide: when crises collide
Authors: Corpuz Jeff Clyde G 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSuicide is a leading cause of death worldwide. Even before the emergence of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV2 COVID-19 pandemic, suicide continued to be a major public health concern. Globally, someone dies by suicide every 40 s, and for each death, there are 20 more persons attempting suicide. A recently published article rightly stated the need for a ‘population-based approach’ to suicide prevention to mitigate suicide attempts. This paper further adds that there must be a stronger multi-agency or multi-sectoral approach to suicide prevention, intervention and postvention. This paper concludes with few suggestions on how to address the COVID-19-related suicide cases as the world continues to fight against the double pandemic.
EFFECTIVE DOSE IN PEDIATRIC INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY
Authors: Sarycheva S S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate the effective doses (EDs) to children undergoing pediatric interventional cardiology examinations in hospitals of St.-Petersburg, to calculate associated dose conversion coefficients (DCCs) and to investigate their dependence of different parameters of the various procedures. Basic parameters of pediatric cardiology examinations and patient doses were studied in three main pediatric city hospitals. More than 300 examinations were under consideration. The technical, geometrical and dosimetric parameters, as well as patients’ parameters, for each individual procedure were collected. All cardiac examinations were divided into five age groups (newborn, 1, 5, 10 and 15 y old). The EDs and the corresponding DCCs from the dose-area product to ED were calculated using PCXMC 2.0 software and based on the collected data. The study included the evaluation of the relations between the DCCs, patient age and parameters of examinations. The results of the study indicated significant dependence of the DCCs on the patients’ age and the beam quality. The DCCs for the newborns and 15-year old groups differed by a factor of 10. The maximum estimated ED of 26 mSv was found in the newborn age group.
Monoclonal Antibody Approved to Treat Ebola
Authors: Aschenbrenner Diane S. 
Published: March 2021

Ansuvimab-zykl (Ebanga), a human monoclonal antibody, has been approved to treat Zaire ebolavirus (Ebolavirus) infection.The most common adverse effects of the drug are fever, tachycardia, diarrhea, vomiting, hypotension, tachypnea, and chills; these are also common symptoms of Ebolavirus infection.
First Oral Hormone for Treating Prostate Cancer
Authors: Aschenbrenner Diane S. 
Published: March 2021

Relugolix (Orgovyx) has been approved for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer. It is the first oral gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor antagonist.As with other androgen deprivation therapy, there is a risk of prolonging the QT or QTc interval with relugolix. The drug may also cause embryo–fetal toxicity.
Standardizing the Accommodations Process for Health Care Workers During COVID-19
Authors: Humphrey-Carothers Frances , Kalia Nimisha , Lam Clarence K. , Minor Sebastian A. , Bernacki Edward J. , Tao Xuguang (Grant) 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT:
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a significant increase in accommodation requests from employees seeking temporary alterations to or relief from their job demands. To maintain consistency and ensure a standard approach, Johns Hopkins Medicine established a COVID-19 Accommodation Review committee that includes experts from the occupational health, legal, and human resources departments, as well as an Americans with Disabilities Act coordinator. In this article, the authors describe the workflow and various components of their institution's accommodations review process, which has resulted in a more consistent and equitable approach to granting requests.
Incidence of Uterine Bleeding Following Oral Anticoagulant Use in FDA’s Sentinel System
Authors: Anderson Abby , Hou Laura , Eworuke Efe , Wong Hui-Lee , Moeny David , Huang Ting-Ying , Gassman Audrey 
Published: March 2021

(Abstracted from Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020; doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.11.034)
The aim of this study was to improve the understanding among clinicians of uterine bleeding (UB) events requiring intervention among women treated with an oral anticoagulant (OAC) therapy. The authors examined the incidence of UB events in the US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA's) Sentinel System, a database that comprised medical encounter and outpatient pharmacy claims data contributed by 17 public and commercial health insurers and integrated delivery networks.
University Students' Attitudes About Violence Against Women in the Name of Honor
Authors: Baysan Arabaci Leyla , Dereli Feyza , Büyükbayram Arslan Ayşe , Taş Soylu Gülsenay , Kurt Aşkin , Kurt Abdulhakim 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective
This research was conducted to determine attitudes of university students toward violence aganist women in the name of honor.

Method
This cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted with university students in Turkey. In addition to demographic information gathering, the following instruments were used to measure student attitudes: Introductory Information Form, Attitudes Toward Honor Scale, and Attitudes Toward Violence Against Women Scale. The high scores show the negative attitudes regarding the concept of honor. Analyses included descriptive statistics and analysis of variance with t tests, and alpha was set at 0.05.

Findings
Analyses were conducted on 1,038 surveys completed by students. Among the student participants, 686 (66.1%) were female, and the mean age was 20.51 ± 3.17 years. In all participants, 509 (49.0%) reported that they had been exposed to physical, verbal, sexual, or economic violence at least once in their lifetime; 151 (14.5%) had witnessed an honor killing in the social environment in which their families lived. The mean score of the Attitudes Toward Honor Scale (31.80 ± 15.84, max: 84) and Attitudes Toward Violence Against Women Scale (25.32 ± 9.36, max: 84) were found to be below the average. The mean scores on scales were found statistically significant (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
University students do not approve of violence against women in the name of honor. However, some students, whose cultural characteristics were more dominant, tend to approve honor killings.
The efficacy of niacin supplementation in type 2 diabetes patients
Authors: Yan Xiaoying , Wang Shunyu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background:
Dyslipidemia is a main risk factor of cardiovascular disease in the diabetic patients. Niacin was found acutely to decrease the plasma concentration of free fatty acids by inhibiting their mobilization from adipose tissue. This present study is a double blinded, randomized, and prospective trial to determine the effect of niacin during dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetic patients.

Methods:
This randomized controlled, double-blinded, single center trial is carried out according to the principles of Declaration of Helsinki. This present study was approved in institutional review committee of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University. All the patients received the informed consent. Diabetic patients were randomized (1:1) to receive 3-month treatment with extended-release niacin or matching placebo. The major outcome of our present study was the change in the level of HbA1c from the baseline to week 12. Secondary outcome measures contained the levels of fasting blood glucose, the concentrations of serum transaminase, the other laboratory variables, and self-reported adverse events. The P < .05 was regarded as statistically significant.

Results:
We assumed that adding the niacin to the medication in patients with type 2 diabetes would reduce dyslipidemia and achieve target lipid levels.

Trial registration:
This study protocol was registered in Research Registry (researchregistry5925).
The efficacy of novel metabolic targeted agents and natural plant drugs for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease treatment
Authors: Zhou Jingwen , Chen Yidi , Yu Jun , Li Tianci , Lu Ziyu , Chen Yan , Zhang Xiaolong , Ye Fang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background:
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a highly prevalent chronic liver disease characterized by excess accumulation of fat in hepatocytes. Because no drug has been approved for NAFLD treatment, this work analyzed the effects of agents resulting from 2 research hotspots, metabolic target agents, and natural plant drugs, on NAFLD with network meta-analysis.

Methods:
Public databases were searched through August 14, 2020. Randomized controlled trials that compared obeticholic acid, elafibranor, cenicriviroc, selonsertib, curcumin, silymarin, and resveratrol to placebo were included. Liver pathology improvement, hepatic biochemical indicators, and lipid metabolism indicators were analyzed.

Results:
Thirty-five studies were included in the meta-analysis. Obeticholic acid was found to significantly increase the frequency of liver biopsy improvement compared to placebo (OR: 2.10; 95% CI: 1.60, 2.77). The ranking results among the hepatic biochemical indicators showed that obeticholic acid (94.9%) and elafibranor (86.3%) have a relative advantage in reducing alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, and obeticholic acid also had an advantage (95.4%) in reducing aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels. Considering lipid metabolic indicators, elafibranor (expSMD: 0.01; 95% CI: 0.00, 0.05; SUCRA: 100%), and obeticholic acid (expSMD: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.28,0.84; SUCRA: 75.6%) significantly reduced triglyceride (TG) levels compared with placebo; moreover, obeticholic acid, but not elafibranor, caused a serious increase in total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and a decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels.

Conclusions:
Novel metabolic targeted agents generally have better effects than natural plant drugs, especially obeticholic acid, and elafibranor. However, obeticholic acid showed serious adverse effects such as increasing LDL-C levels and decreasing HDL-C levels. Curcumin showed potential advantages for NAFLD but lacked statistical significance.
The diagnostic value of dual-phase cone-beam CT during hepatic arteriography in transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Higashihara Hiroki , Osuga Keigo , Onishi Hiromitsu , Nakamoto Atsushi , Tsuboyama Takahiro , Tomiyama Noriyuki 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
To evaluate the diagnostic value of dual-phase cone beam CT during hepatic arteriography (CBCTHA) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Thirty seven patients with unresectable HCC underwent the dual-phase CBCTHA prior to transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Three blinded observers independently reviewed and compared the first phase CBCTHA images alone and the dual phase CBCTHA images. Diagnostic accuracy was evaluated by the alternative free-response receiver operating characteristic method (Area under the curve: Az value). Sensitivities were analyzed with the paired t test. The analysis was performed for overall HCCs, HCCs up to 1 cm and those larger than 1 cm.
For all HCCs and HCCs up to 1 cm, Az value and sensitivity showed no significant difference between the first-phase CBCTHA alone and the dual-phase CBCTHA (Az: 0.81 vs 0.88, P = .07, 0.79 and 0.85, P = .14, sensitivity: 0.61 and 0.73, P = .11, 0.41 and 0.52, P = .33, respectively). For HCCs larger than 1 cm, the mean Az value and sensitivity for the dual-phase CBCTHA were significantly higher than those for the first phase CBCTHA alone (Az: 0.96 vs 0.92, P = .008, sensitivity: 0.85 vs 0.75, P = .013, respectively).
The diagnostic accuracy of the dual-phase CBCTHA was superior to that of the first phase CBCTHA alone in the diagnosis of HCC larger than 1 cm.
Relationship between HLA-DRB1 gene polymorphism and breast cancer
Authors: Liu Linlin , Sun Xu , Yuan Chenxi , Liu Huaimin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background:
Breast cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in women, which seriously affects women's physical and mental health and even life-threatening. The occurrence and development of breast cancer are closely related to genetic factors. Many studies have shown that human leukocyte antigen DRB1 is associated with the development of breast cancer, but lack evidence. This study aims to systematically evaluate the relationship between HLA-DRB1 gene polymorphism and breast cancer.

Methods:
The retrieval time of this study was from the establishment of the database to February 2021. The retrieval databases included CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and China Biomedical Database, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. The retrieval objects were observational studies on the relationship between HLA-DRB1 gene polymorphism and breast cancer (including case--control studies, cross-sectional studies, and cohort studies). The language restrictions were English and Chinese. Two researchers independently extracted the data and assessed the quality of the included studies, and Stata 16.0 software was used for statistical analysis.

Results:
This study will systematically evaluate the relationship between HLA-DRB1 gene polymorphism and breast cancer based on existing studies.

Conclusion:
This study will explore the early warning signal of breast cancer genetic susceptibility, and provide evidence-based medical evidence for clarifying the role of HLA-DRB1 gene polymorphism in breast cancer.

OSF Registration number:
DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/847FQ