bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Musculoskeletal symptoms and their associated risk factors among Saudi office workers: a cross-sectional study
Authors: AlOmar Reem S. , AlShamlan Nouf A. , Alawashiz Saad , Badawood Yaser , Ghwoidi Badr A. , Abugad Hassan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Musculoskeletal disorders are common worldwide. Several factors are suggested in their aetiology, one of which is ergonomics alongside other individual factors. This study aims at investigating the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among administrative office workers at a large university in Saudi Arabia.

Methods
This cross-sectional study recruited office workers at a Saudi university. A questionnaire was used that involved three sections, the first section consisted of sociodemographic questions, the second included the Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA) checklist to assess ergonomic factors possibly involved, and the third included the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire to measure the outcome. Bi-variate analyses were performed by Chi-Squared tests and T-tests where appropriate, and a multivariable logistic regression was done to yield odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results
The prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms in any region during the past 12 months preceding the study was 84.5%, and only 30% have sought medical advice. The most common area of complaint was the lower back (54.5%). After adjustment, age and years of experience were positively associated with musculoskeletal symptoms (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.01–1.09 and OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.05–1.15). Normal weight was associated with a significant reduction in risk (OR = 0.10, 95% CI = 0.05–0.18). ROSA score was an independent risk factor (OR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.05–2.96).

Conclusions
Musculoskeletal symptoms were highly prevalent in the current sample. Identified predictors may support the need for interventions to reduce risk.
The application of enhanced recovery after surgery and negative-pressure wound therapy in the perioperative period of elderly patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Liu Han-rong , Yang Ping , Han Song , Zhang Yu , Zhu Hui-yin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective
To Explore the perioperative application of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) and negative-pressure wound therapy in the elderly patients with colorectal cancer.

Methods
A retrospective clinical data were studied in the patients with colorectal cancer in Department of General Surgery in Shanghai Fourth People,s Hospital (from March, 2017 to March, 2019), One hundred and fifty patients with undergoing radical surgery for colorectal cancer were divided into two groups: ERAS group (n = 76 cases, accepting ERAS management) and Conventional treatment(CT) group (n = 74 cases, accepting traditional treatment), Bleeding in operation, the time of postoperative anal flatus, number of wound dressing changing, time of wound healing, the length of postoperative hospital stay, readmission rate, postoperative complication, were compared between the two groups.

Results
ERAS was associated with less bleeding in operation, less Wound fat liquefaction, less wound dressing changing, less time of wound healing, less time of postoperative anal flatus compare to CT group (P < 0.05); anastomotic fistula, readmission rate is similar in two groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusion
The modified ERAS can be safely applied to the perioperative period of elderly colorectal cancer patients and promote recovery; negative-pressure wound therapy is helpful for wound healing and promoting rehabilitation.
Obesity management in polycystic ovary syndrome: disparity in knowledge between obstetrician-gynecologists and reproductive endocrinologists in China
Authors: Ma Ruilin , Zou Ying , Wang Wei , Zheng Qingmei , Feng Ying , Dong Han , Tan Zhangyun , Zeng Xiaoqin , Zhao Yinqing , Deng Yan , Wang Yanfang , Sun Aijun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Obesity is associated with the development of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and contributes substantially to metabolic abnormalities in women with PCOS. The study aimed to describe and compare the practices of physicians in the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of obesity in patients with PCOS.

Methods
Reproductive endocrinologists (Repro-Endo) and obstetrician-gynecologists (non-reproductive medicine specialty, OB-Gyn) in China participated in a survey, and their responses were analyzed using χ2 tests, Fisher exact tests, and multivariable logistic regression analysis.

Results
The study analyzed 1318 survey responses (85.8% OB-Gyn; 97.3% women). Body mass index was the most common diagnostic criterion for obesity; only 1.3% of participants measured waist circumference to identify abdominal obesity. More Repro-Endo participants (25% of all participants) enquired about the psychological problems of patients with obesity than OB-Gyn participants, and 42.5% of participants reported ordering both a lipid profile and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for patients with obesity and PCOS. Multivariable analysis, that included physician’s specialty, age, hospital grade, and number of patients with PCOS seen annually, revealed that OB-Gyn participants were less likely to order OGTT (OR, 0.3; 95% CI, 0.2–0.4) and lipid profile (OR, 0.2; 95% CI, 0.1–0.3) than Repro-Endo participants. The most common treatments for patients with PCOS were lifestyle modification (> 95%) and metformin (> 80%). More Repro-Endo participants prescribed metformin at a dose of 1.5 g/day compared with OB-Gyn (47.6% vs. 26.3%), and more OB-Gyn participants reported being unclear about the appropriate dosage of metformin for patients with obesity and PCOS (8.9% vs. 1.6%).

Conclusion
Our survey identified knowledge gaps in metabolic screening for patients with obesity and PCOS and a disparity in the evaluation and treatment of obesity in PCOS among different specialties. Similarly, it highlights the need to improve obesity management education for physicians caring for women with PCOS.
“What are we doing to our babies’ teeth?” Barriers to establishing oral health practices for Indigenous children in South Australia
Authors: Poirier Brianna , Hedges Joanne , Smithers Lisa , Moskos Megan , Jamieson Lisa 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
During the 1970s, optimal oral health was experienced more frequently amongst Indigenous children in Australia than their non-Indigenous counterparts. As a result of public health interventions targeting oral disease, oral health has improved for most children; however, Indigenous children today experience oral disease at alarmingly high rates. A history of colonisation, assimilation, racism and cultural annihilation has had profound impacts on oral health for Indigenous peoples; compounded by environmental dispossession and a shift from traditional diets to one of processed and nutrient-poor foods, often high in sugar.

Methods
This project aimed to identify factors related to the increased occurrence of caries in Indigenous children. Using purposive sampling from the larger project, this paper thematically analyses 327 motivational interviews to explore current barriers impeding parental efforts to establish oral health and nutrition practices for Indigenous children. Representation of socioeconomic positions of families were compared across themes, as based on maternal age, employment, residency and number of children in care.

Results
Findings resulted in a conceptual model of barriers that exist across knowledge, social, structural and parental factors. Major thematic results include: social consumption of processed foods, busy households, misleading nutrition marketing, sugar cravings and lack of oral health and nutrition knowledge.

Conclusion
A discussion of the findings results in the following recommendations increased oral health promotion efforts in non-metropolitan areas; utilisation of community experiences in creating strategies that encourage oral health and nutrition knowledge; and the extension of oral health initiatives and future research to include all family members.
Trial registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ACTRN12611000111976; registered 01/02/2011.
SIESTA: a quick interprofessional learning activity fostering collaboration and communication between paediatric nursing trainees and medical students
Authors: Friedrich Sebastian , Straub Christine , Bode Sebastian Felix Nepomuk , Heinzmann Andrea 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Interprofessional education has emerged as a key concept in education of health professionals over the last 20 years. Positive effects of interprofessional education have been shown, but it has proved to be more time-consuming than traditional teaching methods. We therefore developed a 30-minute interprofessional learning activity, using peer-teaching methods. We were interested in effects on and ways of interprofessional learning, including conditions and resources that make it successful despite limited time.

Methods
Speed InterprofESsional Peer Teaching PaediAtric (SIESTA) was developed in the context of an interprofessional training ward. 20 paediatric nursing trainees and 20 medical students were enrolled in the study. Two students from each profession participated in a total of four SIESTA sessions each, supervised by registered paediatric nurses and paediatricians. We used a mixed-methods approach of quantitative and qualitative data (questionnaires, semi-guided focus group interviews) to evaluate self-perceived interprofessional competencies, interprofessional learning gains and ways of interprofessional learning.

Results
Questionnaires were obtained from all participants (n = 40) and n = 26 took part in the group interviews. Participants from both professions reported an increase in self-perceived understanding of interprofessional roles and tasks. Communication and cooperation emerged as important aspects. The workplace-based nature of SIESTA promoted interprofessional learning, while peer teaching fostered a safe learning environment. Regarding time constraints participants suggested thorough preparation and structuring by facilitators as a solution.

Conclusions
Our short interprofessional peer teaching activity showed promising results. Participants reported enhanced interprofessional competencies and provided suggestions for successful learning in limited time. Further studies should include an objective assessment of the interprofessional learning progress. The SIESTA concept can be easily adapted to other medical fields, providing interprofessional learning opportunities for many more health care professionals to come.
Burdens, resources, health and wellbeing of nurses working in general and specialised palliative care in Germany – results of a nationwide cross-sectional survey study
Authors: Diehl Elisabeth , Rieger Sandra , Letzel Stephan , Schablon Anja , Nienhaus Albert , Escobar Pinzon Luis Carlos , Dietz Pavel 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Palliative care in Germany is divided into general (GPC) and specialised palliative care (SPC). Although palliative care will become more important in the care sector in future, there is a large knowledge gab, especially with regard to GPC. The aim of this study was to identify and compare the burdens, resources, health and wellbeing of nurses working in GPC and SPC. Such information will be helpful for developing prevention programs in order to reduce burdens and to strengthen resources of nurses.

Methods
In 2017, a nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted. In total, 437 nurses in GPC and 1316 nurses in SPC completed a questionnaire containing parts of standardised instruments, which included parts of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2), the Resilience Scale (RS-13) Questionnaire, a single question about back pain from the health survey conducted by the Robert Koch Institute as well as self-developed questions. The differences in the variables between GPC and SPC nurses were compared.

Results
SPC nurses reported higher emotional demands as well as higher burdens due to nursing care and the care of relatives while GPC nurses stated higher quantitative demands, i.e. higher workload. SPC nurses more often reported organisational and social resources that were helpful in dealing with the demands of their work. Regarding health, GPC nurses stated a poorer health status and reported chronic back pain as well as a major depressive disorder more frequently than SPC nurses. Furthermore, GPC nurses reported a higher intention to leave the profession compared to SPC nurses.

Conclusions
The findings of the present study indicate that SPC could be reviewed as the best practice example for nursing care in Germany. The results may be used for developing target group specific prevention programs for improving health and wellbeing of nurses taking the differences between GPC and SPC into account. Finally, interventional and longitudinal studies should be conducted in future to determine causality in the relationship of burdens, resources, health and wellbeing.
The iSplit GFP assay detects intracellular recombinant proteins in Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Lenz Patrick , Hilgers Fabienne , Burmeister Alina , Zimmermann Leonie , Volkenborn Kristina , Grünberger Alexander , Kohlheyer Dietrich , Drepper Thomas , Jaeger Karl-Erich , Knapp Andreas 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundBacillus subtilisis one of the most important microorganisms for recombinant protein production. It possesses the GRAS (generally recognized as safe) status and a potent protein secretion capacity. Secretory protein production greatly facilitates downstream processing and thus significantly reduces costs. However, not all heterologous proteins are secreted and intracellular production poses difficulties for quantification. To tackle this problem, we have established a so-called intracellular split GFP (iSplit GFP) assay inB. subtilisas a tool for the in vivo protein detection during expression in batch cultures and at a single-cell level. For the iSplit GFP assay, the eleventh β-sheet ofsfGFP is fused to a target protein and can complement a detector protein consisting of the respective truncatedsfGFP (GFP1-10) to form fluorescent holo-GFP.ResultsAs proof of concept, the GFP11-tag was fused C-terminally to theE. coliβ-glucuronidase GUS, resulting in fusion protein GUS11. Variable GUS and GUS11 production levels inB. subtiliswere achieved by varying the ribosome binding site via spacers of increasing lengths (4–12 nucleotides) for the GUS-encoding gene. Differences in intracellular enzyme accumulation were determined by measuring the GUS11 enzymatic activity and subsequently by adding the detector protein to respective cell extracts. Moreover, the detector protein was co-produced with the GUS11 using a two-plasmid system, which enabled the in vivo detection and online monitoring of glucuronidase production. Using this system in combination with flow cytometry and microfluidics, we were able to monitor protein production at a single-cell level thus yielding information about intracellular protein distribution and culture heterogeneity.ConclusionOur results demonstrate that the iSplit GFP assay is suitable for the detection, quantification and online monitoring of recombinant protein production inB. subtilisduring cultivation as well as for analyzing production heterogeneity and intracellular localization at a single-cell level.Graphic abstract
Combining malaria vaccination with chemoprevention: a promising new approach to malaria control
Authors: Greenwood Brian , Cairns Matthew , Chaponda Mike , Chico R. Matthew , Dicko Alassane , Ouedraogo Jean-Bosco , Phiri Kamija S. , ter Kuile Feiko O. , Chandramohan Daniel 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMalaria control has stalled in a number of African countries and novel approaches to malaria control are needed for these areas. The encouraging results of a recent trial conducted in young children in Burkina Faso and Mali in which a combination of the RTS,S/AS01Emalaria vaccine and seasonal malaria chemoprevention led to a substantial reduction in clinical cases of malaria, severe malaria, and malaria deaths compared with the administration of either intervention given alone suggests that there may be other epidemiological/clinical situations in which a combination of malaria vaccination and chemoprevention could be beneficial. Some of these potential opportunities are considered in this paper. These include combining vaccination with intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in infants, with intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy (through vaccination of women of child-bearing age before or during pregnancy), or with post-discharge malaria chemoprevention in the management of children recently admitted to hospital with severe anaemia. Other potential uses of the combination are prevention of malaria in children at particular risk from the adverse effects of clinical malaria, such as those with sickle cell disease, and during the final stages of a malaria elimination programme when vaccination could be combined with repeated rounds of mass drug administration. The combination of a pre-erythrocytic stage malaria vaccine with an effective chemopreventive regimen could make a valuable contribution to malaria control and elimination in a variety of clinical or epidemiological situations, and the potential of this approach to malaria control needs to be explored.
From the factory to the field: considerations of product characteristics for insecticide-treated net (ITN) bioefficacy testing
Authors: Skovmand Ole , Dang Duoc M. , Tran Trung Q. , Bossellman Rune , Moore Sarah J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundInsecticide-treated nets (ITNs) undergo a series of tests to obtain listing by World Health Organization (WHO) Prequalification. These tests characterize the bioefficacy, physical and chemical properties of the ITN. ITN procurers assume that product specifications relate to product performance. Here, ITN test methods and their underlying assumptions are discussed from the perspective of the ITN manufacturing process and product characteristics.MethodsData were extracted from WHO Pesticide Evaluation Scheme (WHOPES) meeting reports from 2003 to 2017, supplemented with additional chemical analysis to critically evaluate ITNs bioassays with a focus on sampling, washing and wash resistance, and bioefficacy testing. Production methods for ITNs and their impact on testing outcomes are described.Results and recommendationsITNs are not homogenous products. They vary within panels and between the sides and the roof. Running tests of wash resistance using a before/after tests on the same sample or band within a net reduces test variability. As mosquitoes frequently interact with ITN roofs, additional sampling of the roof when evaluating ITNs is advisable because in nets where roof and sides are of the same material, the contribution of roof sample (20–25%) to the average is less than the tolerance for the specification (25%). Mosquito mortality data cannot be reliably used to evaluate net surface concentration to determine regeneration time (RT) and resistance to washing as nets may regenerate beyond the insecticide concentrations needed to kill 100% of susceptible mosquitoes. Chemical assays to quantify surface concentration are needed. The Wash Resistance Index (WRI) averaged over the first four washes is only informative if the product has a log linear loss rate of insecticide. Using a WRI that excludes the first wash off gives more reliable results. Storage conditions used for product specifications are lower than those encountered under product shipping and storage that may exceed 50 °C, and should be reconsidered. Operational monitoring of new ITNs and linking observed product performance, such as bioefficacy after 2 or 3 years of use, with product characteristics, such as WRI, will aid the development of more robust test methods and product specifications for new products coming to market.
Mithramycin delivery systems to develop effective therapies in sarcomas
Authors: Estupiñán Óscar , Niza Enrique , Bravo Iván , Rey Verónica , Tornín Juan , Gallego Borja , Clemente-Casares Pilar , Moris Francisco , Ocaña Alberto , Blanco-Lorenzo Verónica , Rodríguez-Santamaría Mar , Vallina-Álvarez Aitana , González M. Victoria , Rodríguez Aida , Hermida-Merino Daniel , Alonso-Moreno Carlos , Rodríguez René 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Sarcomas comprise a group of aggressive malignancies with very little treatment options beyond standard chemotherapy. Reposition of approved drugs represents an attractive approach to identify effective therapeutic compounds. One example is mithramycin (MTM), a natural antibiotic which has demonstrated a strong antitumour activity in several tumour types, including sarcomas. However, its widespread use in the clinic was limited by its poor toxicity profile.

Results
In order to improve the therapeutic index of MTM, we have loaded MTM into newly developed nanocarrier formulations. First, polylactide (PLA) polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) were generated by nanoprecipitation. Also, liposomes (LIP) were prepared by ethanol injection and evaporation solvent method. Finally, MTM-loaded hydrogels (HG) were obtained by passive loading using a urea derivative non-peptidic hydrogelator. MTM-loaded NPs and LIP display optimal hydrodynamic radii between 80 and 105 nm with a very low polydispersity index (PdI) and encapsulation efficiencies (EE) of 92 and 30%, respectively. All formulations show a high stability and different release rates ranging from a fast release in HG (100% after 30 min) to more sustained release from NPs (100% after 24 h) and LIP (40% after 48 h). In vitro assays confirmed that all assayed MTM formulations retain the cytotoxic, anti-invasive and anti-stemness potential of free MTM in models of myxoid liposarcoma, undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma and chondrosarcoma. In addition, whole genome transcriptomic analysis evidenced the ability of MTM, both free and encapsulated, to act as a multi-repressor of several tumour-promoting pathways at once. Importantly, the treatment of mice bearing sarcoma xenografts showed that encapsulated MTM exhibited enhanced therapeutic effects and was better tolerated than free MTM.

Conclusions
Overall, these novel formulations may represent an efficient and safer MTM-delivering alternative for sarcoma treatment.

Graphical abstract