bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergistic effects of biochar and biostimulants on nutrient and toxic element uptake by pepper in contaminated soils
Authors: Antón‐Herrero Rafael , Vega‐Jara Liliana , García‐Delgado Carlos , Mayans Begoña , Camacho‐Arévalo Raquel , Moreno‐Jiménez Eduardo , Plaza César , Eymar Enrique 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDNowadays a significant amount of land contaminated with toxic elements is being used for agriculture, posing a serious risk of crop contamination and toxicity. Several methodologies are being used to remediate soil contamination, including the use of amendments such as biochar. This work evaluated the effects of biochar combined with different fertirrigations (water, a conventional fertilizer solution, or a fertilizer solution with a commercial biostimulant derived from leonardite) on the availability of toxic elements and nutrients for pepper cultivated in a soil contaminated with As, Cd, Pb, and Zn.RESULTSIrrigation with fertilizer solutions improved plant growth regardless of the biochar amendment. Biochar decreased the bioavailability of Cu and Pb in soil and the Cu content in pepper leaves. Combined with fertilization, biochar also decreased plant As and Pb content. Biochar combined with biostimulant decreased the bioavailable content of Cd in soil and its uptake by pepper plants.CONCLUSIONThe use of biochar and biostimulant presented advantages for plant production in a non‐suitable scenario of nutrient scarcity and contamination. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Physicochemical and functional properties of Alcalase‐extracted protein hydrolysate from oil palm leaves
Authors: Hau Eng Huan , Teh Soek Sin , Yeo Siok Koon , Mah Siau Hui 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe oil palm tree produces 90% of wastes and the limited usage of these wastes causes a major disposal problem in the mills. Nevertheless, these by‐products have a large amount of nutritional components. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the physicochemical and functional properties of protein hydrolysates (PH) from oil palm leaves (OPL) extracted using different concentrations of Alcalase (0–10%) at 2 h of hydrolysis time.RESULTSFourier transform infrared spectral analyses showed that the enzymatic hydrolysis altered functional groups of OPL where a secondary amine was present in the PH. Changes were also observed in the thermal stability where the enthalpy heat obtained for PH (933.93–1142.57 J g−1) was much lower than OPL (7854.11 J g−1). The results showed that the PH extracted by 8% Alcalase exhibited absolute zeta potential, as well as a high emulsifying activity index (70.64 m2 g−1 of protein) and emulsion stability index (60.58 min). Furthermore, this PH showed higher solubility (96.32%) and emulsifying properties compared to other PHs. It is also comparable with commercial plant proteins, indicating that 8% Alcalase is an optimum concentration for hydrolysis.CONCLUSIONIn summary, the physicochemical and functional properties of PH extracted from OPL showed good functional properties, suggesting that it can be used as an alternative plant protein in food industries. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Multielement authentication of apples from the cold highlands in southwest China
Authors: Zhang Jianyi , Nie Jiyun , Zhang Liangbin , Xu Guofeng , Zheng Haidong , Shen Youming , Kuang Lixue , Gao Xiaoqin , Zhang Hui 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDHalf of all apple production worldwide comes from China. However, the geographic authentication of Chinese apples has not been well studied. We highlight the multi‐element‐based geographical discrimination of apples from the southwest cold highlands (SCH) of China. 565 samples from the SCH (138) and others (427) were obtained, and the content of fifteen elements were applied to construct models for discrimination.RESULTSThe SCH apples from 2017 to 2019 had higher concentrations of Mn, Zn, Cr, Cd, Se, Pb, and Fe, but lower concentrations of Na, B, Ni, and P. With sufficient training, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) discriminated the SCH, and the testing accuracy averaged 92.5% and 92.2%. Nonlinear discrimination models were more suitable than the linear models. Optimized random forest analysis was the model with the best fit, and with averaged training and testing it obtained a level of accuracy of 98.2% and 98.5%.CONCLUSIONThe multielement‐based discrimination of SCH apples could aid further studies of geographical origins. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Efficiently evaluating the effect of color gamut and spectral bandwidth on observer metamerism in high dynamic range displays
Authors: Park Yongmin , Murdoch Michael J. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObserver metamerism (OM), which likely causes potential issues in high dynamic range (HDR) displays due to those formidable peak luminance and color gamut required, is examined in this work using simulations. The simulations focus on investigating how OM in HDR displays would vary with chromaticity gamut and peak luminance level changes, proposing a new OM index, OMM. The effects of additional factors noteworthy on OM, such as reference white level, age, and spectral characteristics, are discussed. Finally, a simple metric capable of predicting observer metamerism between displays with less computational complexity, OMMN, is introduced. The simulation results showed that observer metamerism magnitudes between displays tend to depend on the similarity in spectral bandwidth between paired displays, in addition to the fact that narrow‐band primary displays generally cause larger metameric failures. Besides, the effect of changes in peak luminance on observer metamerism was found to be relatively small, increasing OMM by 7%–8% when peak luminance doubles. Notably, the proposed efficient metric OMMN outperforms metrics based on spectral similarity by also factoring in inter‐observer variability. In addition, the proposed metric's performance with 10 categorical observers, OMMN, 10, is nearly as good as that with thousands more computations. OMMN, 10 is recommended as a reliable and efficient metric to evaluate OM between HDR displays.
Modified dispersive solid‐phase extraction and cleanup followed by GC‐MS/MS analysis to quantify ultraviolet filters and synthetic musk compounds in soil samples
Authors: Ramos Sara , Homem Vera , Santos Lúcia 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA simple method for the analysis of 13 synthetic musk compounds and six ultraviolet filters in soil samples was developed using a modified dispersive solid‐phase methodology known as “Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe,” followed by gas chromatography–triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. The methodology was validated by assessing linearity ranges, detection limits, precision, and accuracy. The method detection limit ranged between 0.01 and 10.00 ng/g dry weight and accuracy from 81 to 122%. A good precision was achieved, with relative standard deviation <10%. The applicability of the methodology was tested using different types of soils. Both synthetic musks and ultraviolet filters were detected in all soil samples. The most frequently detected compounds were benzophenone, octocrylene, 2‐ethylhexyl 4‐dimethylaminobenzoate, 2‐ethylhexyl 4–methoxycinnamate, and galaxolide. Higher levels were detected for benzophenone (maximum value of 158 ng/g dry weight) and octocrylene (137 ng/g dry weight). In comparison with conventional techniques, this method uses lower amounts of solvents and sorbents, producing less waste (“greener” technique) and comparable performances. In addition, it presents as main advantages the simplicity, speed (short extraction/cleaning time), low cost, and minimum handling of extracts, which can minimize the possibility of samples cross‐contamination.
Imaging Characteristics of the Proximal Lateral Collateral Ligament of the Knee: Findings on Ultrasound and MRI With Histologic Correlation
Authors: Falkowski Anna L. , Jacobson Jon A. , Gandikota Girish , Lucas David R. , Magerkurth Olaf , Zaottini Federico 
Published: June 2021

ObjectivesDetermine prevalence of increased signal intensity of the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) of the knee on MRI and decreased echogenicity on ultrasound, and compare with cadaveric histologic evaluation.MethodsAfter IRB approval of this prospective study with informed consent, patients having knee MRI were additionally evaluated with ultrasound. Signal intensities of LCL on MRI (low, intermediate, high), echogenicity at ultrasound (hyperechoic, hypoechoic, anechoic), and extent of findings were assessed. Descriptive statistics, Wilcoxon signed ranked test, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were calculated. Two cadaveric knees were imaged with MRI and ultrasound, including histologic LCL evaluation.ResultsSeventy‐three subjects were included (39 males, 34 females; mean age 48 ± 14 years) with 77 knee examinations. On MRI, low, intermediate, and high signals were present in 21% (16/77), 75% (58/77), and 4% (3/77), respectively. On ultrasound, echogenicity was assessed as hyperechoic, hypoechoic, and anechoic in 62% (48/77), 38% (29/77), and 0% (0/77), respectively. Mean length of increased signal was 8.6 mm (±4.9) on MRI, and 6.5 mm (±4.8) on ultrasound. The ICC showed a good to excellent intermodality reliability (0.735–0.899) without statistically significant difference for interreader measurements (P = .163–.795). Histology evaluation showed transition of ligament fibers to fibrocartilage at its insertion with increased connective tissue mucin corresponding to MRI and ultrasound findings.ConclusionsIncreased signal intensity of the proximal LCL on ultrasound and MRI is common and corresponds to normal connective tissue mucin.
Toward ICP‐SIFT mass spectrometry and atomic cation ligation as a probe of relativistic effects—A personal journey
Authors: Bohme Diethard K. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe ICP–SIFT mass spectrometer at York University, a derivative of flowing afterglow (FA) and selected‐ion flow tube (SIFT) mass spectrometers, has provided a powerful technique to measure the chemistry and kinetics of atomic cation–molecule reactions. Here, I focus on periodic trends in the kinetics of ligation reactions of atomic ions with small molecules. I examine trends in ammonia ligation kinetics across the first two rows of the atomic transition metal cations and their correlation with ligand bond enthalpies and ligand field stabilization energies. Also explored are trends down Groups 1 and 2 in the kinetics of noncovalent electrostatic ligand bonding and the tendency for s electron solvation of the atomic alkaline‐earth cations with ammonia. Finally, I briefly review trends observed with 12 different ligands in the ligation rate down the periodic table with Group 9–12 transition atomic metal cations. These trends provide a compelling probe for the presence of relativistic effects that influence the strengths of the metal‐ion ligand bonds that are formed. There is a clear third‐row rate enhancement with Ir+, Pt+, Au+, and Hg+, the extent of which depends on the nature of the ligand. This large set of kinetic data provides an unprecedented broad perspective of relativistic effects in ligand bonding. With CS2 as a ligand, the third‐row relativistic effect is apparent in the formation of both the first and the second ligand bond with the Groups 10 and 11 atomic cations as predicted by our quantum chemical calculations of ligation energies.
The effectiveness of a randomised clinical trial of PLE2NO self‐management and exercise programme for knee osteoarthritis to improve self‐efficacy
Authors: Marconcin Priscila , Yázigi Flávia , Teles Júlia , Campos Pedro , Espanha Margarida 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to assess the effectiveness of a 12‐weeks self‐management and exercise intervention to improve self‐efficacy in older individuals with knee osteoarthritis (KOA)DesignRandomised Controlled Trial.SettingFour different community settings.SubjectsEighty individuals aged 60 years or over with clinical and radiographic knee osteoarthritis.InterventionThe subjects were randomly assigned to (1) a combined self‐management and exercise programme (treatment group) and (2) an educational programme (control group).Main MeasuresThe primary outcome was self‐efficacy and secondary outcomes were physical activity, health‐related quality of life and skill‐related physical fitness measures.ResultsSixty‐seven participants, mean age 69.1 (5.8) years, completed the study: 32 in the control group and 35 in the treatment group. A significant group effect favourable to the treatment group was observed in the following variables: self‐efficacy (F[2,64] = 9.2, p = 0.003), physical activity (F[2,64] = 43.6, p < 0.001) and balance for most painful knee (F(2,64) = 4.87, p = 0.031) and less painful knee (F[2,64] = 6.94, p = 0.010). No improvements regarding health‐related quality of life, gait speed and agility were found. This study supports the importance of a combined self‐management and exercise intervention to improve self‐efficacy and physical activity in KOA individuals.
Eneolithic pile dwellers captured waterfowl in winter: Analysis of avian bone remains from two pile dwellings in Ljubljansko barje (Slovenia)
Authors: Janžekovič Franc , Klenovšek Tina , Mlíkovský Jiří , Toškan Borut , Velušček Anton 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis study presents the results of an ornitho‐archaeological analysis of avian bones from Stare gmajne and Blatna Brezovica, two Eneolithic pile dwelling sites in the area of Ljubljansko barje, Slovenia. Avian bone remains, together with remnants of huts, tools, mammal bones and bones of other vertebrates, represent the material remnant of a pile dwelling culture from the second half of the fourth millennium BC.A total of 2091 avian bones or fragments thereof were excavated. The avifauna includes 682 taxonomically identified remains (NISP), assigned to 15 bird taxa. Taxonomically, species from the Anatidae group predominate (68.7% of NISP), mainlyBucephala clangula(40.3% of NISP). Also abundant isFulica atra(26.2% NISP) from the family Rallidae. In the ecological context, species inhabiting aquatic or marshy habitats prevail. Representatives of three ecomorphological groups of waterbirds were found: diving birds (Podicepssp.,Phalacrocorax carbo,Aythya fuligula,B. clangulaandMergussp.), waterbirds (Cygnussp.,Ansersp.,Anassp. andF. atra) and the marsh species group (Ardea cinerea).The absence of medullary bone and the abundance of wintering species in the area are consistent with the hypothesis that the birds were captured during the winter season. Taphonomic evidence (burned bones) suggests that the studied assemblages were human food waste. The abundance of avian bone remains supports the hypothesis that the native peoples were skilled hunters of aquatic birds.
Patient-Reported Continuity of Care and Functional Safety Concerns After Inpatient Cancer Rehabilitation
Authors: Tennison Jegy M. , Ng Amy H. , Rianon Nahid J. , Liu Diane D. , Bruera Eduardo 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
Patients with cancer have been noted to have inadequate continuity of care after discharge from hospital. We sought to assess patient-reported continuity of care and functional safety concerns after acute inpatient rehabilitation.

Methods
This was a prospective study that used cross-sectional surveys at a National Cancer Institute Comprehensive Cancer Center. All patients who were admitted to acute inpatient rehabilitation from September 5, 2018, to February 7, 2020, met the inclusion criteria, and completed two surveys (assessing continuity of care and functional safety concerns) upon discharge and 1 month after discharge were included in the study.

Results
A total of 198 patients completed the study, and no major concerns were reported by the patients. The greatest concern was a lack of adequate communication management among different providers, reported by only 10 (5.0%) patients. The combined fall and near-fall rate within 1 month after discharge was (25/198) 13%. Brain metastasis, a comorbidity of depression, and a history of falls were significantly associated with a higher risk of falls or near falls within 1 month after discharge.

Conclusion
Although overall patients with cancer reported adequate continuity of care and feeling safe to function at home after acute inpatient rehabilitation, it is important to be aware that fall or near-fall events within 1 month after acute inpatient rehabilitation are associated with brain metastasis, comorbidity of depression, and a history of falls. Thus, patients with these risk factors may benefit from including more focused fall prevention education and interventions.

Implications for Practice
Patients with cancer often have extensive problems that require care from multiple health care providers simultaneously, and a high level of coordination is needed for adequate transition of care from the inpatient to the outpatient setting. This transition of care period is prone to inadequate continuity of care and, for older adults, a particular risk for falls. Assessment for risk of fall is also an important factor to consider when evaluating patients to continue oncology treatments. There is a gap in knowledge regarding patient-reported continuity of care and functional safety concerns after acute inpatient cancer rehabilitation.
A glimpse of light in darkness: Performance‐based accountability in Bangladesh public administration
Authors: Shahan Asif Mohammad , Jahan Ferdous , Khair Rizwan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn the public administration literature, several studies have been conducted to analyze the performance of the developing countries in embracing the New Public Management (NPM) principles in general. However, limited attention has been paid to explore the experiences of these countries in implementing a performance‐based accountability system, which is an integral part of the NPM movement. This paper analyzes the experience of Bangladesh, wherein 2014, the Government introduced a key performance‐based accountability initiative known as Annual Performance Agreement (APA). In this paper, based on in‐depth qualitative interviews with 42 bureaucrats at different levels and ministries of the Government, we argue that APA has improved the professional accountability of the bureaucracy. Based on this crucial finding, we try to explain why this particular initiative has succeeded whereas previous administrative reform efforts have largely failed. We argue that whereas the past reform efforts targeted broad organizational reforms, the current performance‐based initiatives like APA aimed to bring small‐scale incremental efficiency and effectiveness of bureaucrats. This change in the reform approach has played a pivotal role in ensuring the success of a performance‐based professional accountability system. The model we have developed for categorizing administrative reform efforts in this paper may be used to better understand the success and failure of administrative reform efforts in general and in developing countries in particular.
Exploring the relationship between teachers' perceptions of cultural responsiveness, student risk, and classroom behavior
Authors: Fallon Lindsay M. , Veiga Margarida B. , Susilo Annisha , Robinson‐Link Patrick , Berkman Talia S. , Minami Takuya , Kilgus Stephen P. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIt is important to explore the relationship between teachers' perceptions of their cultural responsiveness as well as students' classroom behavior and risk, as these relationships may impact decisions about equitable access to school behavioral health supports. This paper includes two studies conducted with teachers in two large suburban school districts. Study 1 investigated the relationship between teachers' (n = 20) ratings on a measure of cultural responsiveness, the Assessment of Culturally and Contextually Relevant Supports (ACCReS), and students' classroom behavior. Results indicated that higher ACCReS scores significantly predicted lower classwide disruptive behavior. Study 2 investigated the relationship between teachers' (n = 30) ratings on the ACCReS and ratings of their students' risk on the Social, Academic, and Emotional Behavior Risk Screener. For social behavior, higher ACCReS scores predicted teachers perceiving lower social risk; however, identification as a Black student and a student with a disability predicted higher risk. Findings are preliminary, yet implications include recommendations for high‐quality professional development to promote teacher cultural responsiveness. Such support could guide teachers to create educational environments in which fewer discipline referrals for behavior occur, teachers perceive less social risk, and access to school behavior supports is more equitable.
Pediatric pulmonology 2019 year in review: Asthma
Authors: Barber Andrew T. , Loughlin Ceila E. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPediatric asthma is a heterogeneous and common chronic condition with significant morbidity and burden on the healthcare system. Despite advances in the field, the disease has proven to be increasingly complex to diagnose and management strategies are constantly evolving. Studies from 2019 have advanced the field even further, particularly with regard to new methods of diagnosis and monitoring, modifiable risk factors like nutrition and obesity, genetics, aerosol delivery, sleep‐disordered breathing, and severe asthma. This article is part of our 2019 “Year in Review” series, in which we summarize publications in our major topic areas, in the context of selected literature from other journals relevant to our discipline.
Reverse butterfly pattern image with eosinophilia: Effective treatment with benralizumab—A case report
Authors: Ben‐David Yael , Bentur Lea , Gur Michal , Ilivitzki Anat , Gut Guy , Toukan Yazeed , Nir Vered , Shallufi George , Bar‐Yoseph Ronen 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA 16‐year‐old adolescent presented with dry cough, fever, weight loss, night sweats, exercise intolerance, and eosinophilia. Computed tomography showed consolidations with “reverse butterfly” pattern. He responded well to corticosteroids but had frequent relapses. He became steroid dependent and developed steroid related morbidity. Benralizumab was prescribed with complete resolution of eosinophilia and lung infiltrates with no adverse effect.