bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards completing the puzzle: complexity of control by replacing, adding, and deleting candidates or voters
Authors: Erdélyi Gábor , Neveling Marc , Reger Christian , Rothe Jörg , Yang Yongjie , Zorn Roman 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe investigate the computational complexity of electoral control in elections. Electoral control describes the scenario where the election chair seeks to alter the outcome of the election by structural changes such as adding, deleting, or replacing either candidates or voters. Such control actions have been studied in the literature for a lot of prominent voting rules. We complement those results by solving several open cases for Copeland$$^{\alpha }$$α, maximin,k-veto, plurality with runoff, veto with runoff, Condorcet, fallback, range voting, and normalized range voting.
Prognostic impact of non-improvement of global longitudinal strain in patients with revascularized acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Otterstad Jan Erik , Norum Ingvild Billehaug , Ruddox Vidar , Le An Chau Maria , Bendz Bjørn , Munkhaugen John , Klungsøyr Ole , Edvardsen Thor 
Published: July 2021

AbstractGlobal longitudinal strain (GLS) is a more sensitive prognostic factor than left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in various cardiac diseases. Little is known about the clinical impact of GLS changes after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The present study aimed to explore if non-improvement of GLS after 3 months was associated with higher risk of subsequent composite cardiovascular events (CCVE). Patients with AMI were consecutively included at a secondary care center in Norway between April 2016 and July 2018 within 4 days following percutaneous coronary intervention. Echocardiography was performed at baseline and after 3 months. Patients were categorized with non-improvement (0 to − 100%) or improvement (0 to 100%) in GLS relative to the baseline value. Among 214 patients with mean age 65 (± 10) years and mean LVEF 50% (± 8) at baseline, 50 (23%) had non-improvement (GLS: − 16.0% (± 3.7) to − 14.2% (± 3.6)) and 164 (77%) had improvement (GLS: − 14.0% (± 3.0) to − 16.9% (± 3.0%)). During a mean follow-up of 3.3 years (95% CI 3.2 to 3.4) 77 CCVE occurred in 52 patients. In adjusted Cox regression analyses, baseline GLS was associated with all recurrent CCVE (HR 1.1, 95% CI 1.0 to 1.2, p < 0.001) whereas non-improvement versus improvement over 3 months follow-up was not. Baseline GLS was significantly associated with the number of CCVE in revascularized AMI patients whereas non-improvement of GLS after 3 months was not. Further large-scale studies are needed before repeated GLS measurements may be recommended in clinical practice.Trial registration: Current Research information system in Norway (CRISTIN). Id: 506563
Transthoracic echocardiographic reference values of the aortic root: results from the Hamburg City Health Study
Authors: Wenzel Jan-Per , Petersen Elina , Nikorowitsch Julius , Senftinger Juliana , Sinning Christoph , Theissen Matthias , Petersen Johannes , Reichenspurner Hermann , Girdauskas Evaldas 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHere we generate up-to-date reference values of transthoracic echocardiographic aortic root dimensions matched by sex, age, and body surface area (BSA) derived from the population-based Hamburg City Health Study (HCHS) cohort. In 1687 healthy subjects (mean age 57.1 ± 7.7, 681 male and 1006 female), derived from the first prospectively-recruited 10,000 HCHS participants, dimensions of the aortic root were measured in systole and diastole using state-of-the-art 2-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography. Diameters were assessed at four levels: aortic annulus, Sinus of Valsalva, sinotubular junction, and ascending aorta. Female sex was associated with significantly smaller absolute aortic root dimensions, while indexing for BSA resulted in a reverse effect at all levels. There was a strong age dependency of all aortic root diameters as well as aortic annulus/sinotubular junction ratio for both sexes. Multivariate analysis revealed age, sex, weight, height, and BSA to be significant determinants of aortic root size. Finally, formulas were generated for the calculation of individual aortic root reference values considering age, sex, weight, and height. We provide population-based reference values of aortic root diameters based on a standardized transthoracic echocardiographic protocol of the population-based HCHS which may support the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of aortic root disease.
Moisture uptake in nanocellulose: the effects of relative humidity, temperature and degree of crystallinity
Authors: Garg Mohit , Apostolopoulou-Kalkavoura Varvara , Linares Mathieu , Kaldéus Tahani , Malmström Eva , Bergström Lennart , Zozoulenko Igor 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFoams made from cellulose nanomaterials are highly porous and possess excellent mechanical and thermal insulation properties. However, the moisture uptake and hygroscopic properties of these materials need to be better understood for their use in biomedical and bioelectronics applications, in humidity sensing and thermal insulation. In this work, we present a combination of hybrid Grand Canonical Monte Carlo and Molecular Dynamics simulations and experimental measurements to investigate the moisture uptake within nanocellulose foams. To explore the effect of surface modification on moisture uptake we used two types of celluloses, namely TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils and carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibrils. We find that the moisture uptake in both the cellulose nanomaterials increases with increasing relative humidity (RH) and decreases with increasing temperature, which is explained using the basic thermodynamic principles. The measured and calculated moisture uptake in amorphous cellulose (for a given RH or temperature) is higher as compared to crystalline cellulose with TEMPO- and CM-modified surfaces. The high water uptake of amorphous cellulose films is related to the formation of water-filled pores with increasing RH. The microscopic insight of water uptake in nanocellulose provided in this study can assist the design and fabrication of high-performance cellulose materials with improved properties for thermal insulation in humid climates or packaging of water sensitive goods.
Graphic abstract
Balancing a budget or running a deficit? The offset regime of carbon removal and solar geoengineering under a carbon budget
Authors: Asayama Shinichiro , Hulme Mike , Markusson Nils 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe idea of the carbon budget is a powerful conceptual tool to define and quantify the climate challenge. Whilst scientists present the carbon budget as the geophysical foundation for global net-zero targets, the financial metaphor of a budget implies figuratively the existence of a ‘budget manager’ who oversees the budget balance. Using this fictive character of budget manager as a heuristic device, the paper analyses the roles of carbon dioxide removal (CDR) and solar radiation management (SRM) under a carbon budget. We argue that both CDR and SRM can be understood as ‘technologies of offset’. CDR offsets positive carbon emissions by negative emissions, whereas SRM offsets the warming from positive greenhouse gas forcing by the induced cooling from negative forcing. These offset technologies serve as flexible budgeting tools in two different strategies for budget management: they offer the promise of achieving a balanced budget, but also introduce the possibility for running a budget deficit. The lure of offsetting rests on the flexibility of keeping up an ‘appearance’ of delivering a given budget whilst at the same time easing budget constraints for a certain period of time. The political side-effect of offsetting is to change the stringency of budgetary constraints from being regulated by geophysics to being adjustable by human discretion. As a result, a budget deficit can be normalised as an acceptable fiscal condition. We suggest that the behavioural tendency of policymakers to avoid blame could lead them to resort to using offset technologies to circumvent the admission of failure to secure a given temperature target.
In Situ exploration of the giant planets
Authors: Mousis O. , Atkinson D. H. , Ambrosi R. , Atreya S. , Banfield D. , Barabash S. , Blanc M. , Cavalié T. , Coustenis A. , Deleuil M. , Durry G. , Ferri F. , Fletcher L. N. , Fouchet T. , Guillot T. , Hartogh P. , Hueso R. , Hofstadter M. , Lebreton J.-P. , Mandt K. E. , Rauer H. , Rannou P. , Renard J.-B. , Sánchez-Lavega A. , Sayanagi K. M. , Simon A. A. , Spilker T. , Venkatapathy E. , Waite J. H. , Wurz P. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRemote sensing observations suffer significant limitations when used to study the bulk atmospheric composition of the giant planets of our Solar System. This impacts our knowledge of the formation of these planets and the physics of their atmospheres. A remarkable example of the superiority of in situ probe measurements was illustrated by the exploration of Jupiter, where key measurements such as the determination of the noble gases’ abundances and the precise measurement of the helium mixing ratio were only made available through in situ measurements by the Galileo probe. Here we describe the main scientific goals to be addressed by the future in situ exploration of Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune, placing the Galileo probe exploration of Jupiter in a broader context. An atmospheric entry probe targeting the 10-bar level would yield insight into two broad themes: i) the formation history of the giant planets and that of the Solar System, and ii) the processes at play in planetary atmospheres. The probe would descend under parachute to measure composition, structure, and dynamics, with data returned to Earth using a Carrier Relay Spacecraft as a relay station. An atmospheric probe could represent a significant ESA contribution to a future NASA New Frontiers or flagship mission to be launched toward Saturn, Uranus, and/or Neptune.
An attempt to optimize the outcome of penetrating keratoplasty in congenital aniridia-associated keratopathy (AAK)
Authors: Farah C. J. , Fries F. N. , Latta L. , Käsmann-Kellner B. , Seitz B. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPurposeTo propose an optimized microsurgical and medical approach to reduce the risk of complications after penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) in patients with aniridia-associated keratopathy (AAK).MethodsRetrospective observational case series of 25 PKP performed in 16 patients with AAK. Preoperative indications were endothelial decompensation and vascularized scars (68%) or graft failure (32%) due to limbal stem cell deficiency. The optimized approach included a combination of a small corneal graft size (around 7.0 mm), interrupted 10–0nylon sutures, simultaneous AMT as a patch, large bandage contact lens, temporary lateral tarsorrhaphy, postoperative autologous serum eye drops, and systemic immunosuppression. Main outcome measures included: visual acuity, transplant survival, and complications encountered during follow-up of 107 weeks on average.ResultsA complete modified keratoplasty scheme was used in 10 of 25 PKP (group 1), while at least one of the modifications was missing in the other 15 PKP (group 2). After 8 weeks of follow-up, the epithelium was closed in 23 eyes. Visual acuity improved in 19 eyes at 6 months of follow-up, and remained stable in six eyes. None of the eyes showed a decrease in visual acuity. At the last post-operative follow-up, this visual improvement persisted in 14 eyes and graft survival rate after 156 weeks (3 years) was 69% in group 1 versus 44% in group 2 (p = 0.39, log-rank test). Secondary corneal neovascularization (8%), scarring (4%), ulcer (4%), or graft rejection (8%) happened mostly in the second group which was missing at least one of the suggested modifications.ConclusionsPKP in congenital aniridia must be considered as a high-risk keratoplasty. An optimized therapeutic approach seems to be promising in order to reduce the postoperative complication rate in these most difficult eyes.
Towards scalable and reusable predictive models for cyber twins in manufacturing systems
Authors: Giannetti Cinzia , Essien Aniekan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSmart factories are intelligent, fully-connected and flexible systems that can continuously monitor and analyse data streams from interconnected systems to make decisions and dynamically adapt to new circumstances. The implementation of smart factories represents a leap forward compared to traditional automation. It is underpinned by the deployment of cyberphysical systems that, through the application of Artificial Intelligence, integrate predictive capabilities and foster rapid decision-making. Deep Learning (DL) is a key enabler for the development of smart factories. However, the implementation of DL in smart factories is hindered by its reliance on large amounts of data and extreme computational demand. To address this challenge, Transfer Learning (TL) has been proposed to promote the efficient training of models by enabling the reuse of previously trained models. In this paper, by means of a specific example in aluminium can manufacturing, an empirical study is presented, which demonstrates the potential of TL to achieve fast deployment of scalable and reusable predictive models for Cyber Manufacturing Systems. Through extensive experiments, the value of TL is demonstrated to achieve better generalisation and model performance, especially with limited datasets. This research provides a pragmatic approach towards predictive model building for cyber twins, paving the way towards the realisation of smart factories.
Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Cures Adenosine Deaminase 2 Deficiency: Report on 30 Patients
Authors: Hashem Hasan , Bucciol Giorgia , Ozen Seza , Unal Sule , Bozkaya Ikbal Ok , Akarsu Nurten , Taskinen Mervi , Koskenvuo Minna , Saarela Janna , Dimitrova Dimana , Hickstein Dennis D. , Hsu Amy P. , Holland Steven M. , Krance Robert , Sasa Ghadir , Kumar Ashish R. , Müller Ingo , de Sousa Monica Abreu , Delafontaine Selket , Moens Leen , Babor Florian , Barzaghi Federica , Cicalese Maria Pia , Bredius Robbert , van Montfrans Joris , Baretta Valentina , Cesaro Simone , Stepensky Polina , Benedicte Neven , Moshous Despina , Le Guenno Guillaume , Boutboul David , Dalal Jignesh , Brooks Joel P. , Dokmeci Elif , Dara Jasmeen , Lucas Carrie L. , Hambleton Sophie , Wilson Keith , Jolles Stephen , Koc Yener , Güngör Tayfun , Schnider Caroline , Candotti Fabio , Steinmann Sandra , Schulz Ansgar , Chambers Chip , Hershfield Michael , Ombrello Amanda , Kanakry Jennifer A. , Meyts Isabelle 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2 (DADA2) is an inherited inborn error of immunity, characterized by autoinflammation (recurrent fever), vasculopathy (livedo racemosa, polyarteritis nodosa, lacunar ischemic strokes, and intracranial hemorrhages), immunodeficiency, lymphoproliferation, immune cytopenias, and bone marrow failure (BMF). Tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) blockade is the treatment of choice for the vasculopathy, but often fails to reverse refractory cytopenia. We aimed to study the outcome of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in patients with DADA2.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective study on the outcome of HCT in patients with DADA2. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS).

Results
Thirty DADA2 patients from 12 countries received a total of 38 HCTs. The indications for HCT were BMF, immune cytopenia, malignancy, or immunodeficiency. Median age at HCT was 9 years (range: 2–28 years). The conditioning regimens for the final transplants were myeloablative (n = 20), reduced intensity (n = 8), or non-myeloablative (n = 2). Donors were HLA-matched related (n = 4), HLA-matched unrelated (n = 16), HLA-haploidentical (n = 2), or HLA-mismatched unrelated (n = 8). After a median follow-up of 2 years (range: 0.5–16 years), 2-year OS was 97%, and 2-year GvHD-free relapse-free survival was 73%. The hematological and immunological phenotypes resolved, and there were no new vascular events. Plasma ADA2 enzyme activity normalized in 16/17 patients tested. Six patients required more than one HCT.

Conclusion
HCT was an effective treatment for DADA2, successfully reversing the refractory cytopenia, as well as the vasculopathy and immunodeficiency.

Clinical Implications
HCT is a definitive cure for DADA2 with > 95% survival.
Sublinear search spaces for shortest path planning in grid and road networks
Authors: Blum Johannes , Funke Stefan , Storandt Sabine 
Published: July 2021

AbstractShortest path planning is a fundamental building block in many applications. Hence developing efficient methods for computing shortest paths in, e.g., road or grid networks is an important challenge. The most successful techniques for fast query answering rely on preprocessing. However, for many of these techniques it is not fully understood why they perform so remarkably well, and theoretical justification for the empirical results is missing. An attempt to explain the excellent practical performance of preprocessing based techniques on road networks (as transit nodes, hub labels, or contraction hierarchies) in a sound theoretical way are parametrized analyses, e.g., considering the highway dimension or skeleton dimension of a graph. Still, these parameters may be large in case the network contains grid-like substructures—which inarguably is the case for real-world road networks around the globe. In this paper, we use the very intuitive notion of bounded growth graphs to describe road networks and also grid graphs. We show that this model suffices to prove sublinear search spaces for the three above mentioned state-of-the-art shortest path planning techniques. Furthermore, our preprocessing methods are close to the ones used in practice and only require expected polynomial time.
Patients’ and parents’ perspective on the implementation of Patient Reported Outcome Measures in pediatric clinical practice using the KLIK PROM portal
Authors: van Muilekom Maud M. , Teela Lorynn , van Oers Hedy A. , van Goudoever Johannes B. , Grootenhuis Martha A. , Haverman Lotte 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Introduction
The KLIK Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROM) portal (www.hetklikt.nu) has been implemented since 2011 in clinical practice in over 20 Dutch hospitals. Patients and/or parents complete PROMs before the outpatient consultation and answers are subsequently discussed by clinicians during consultation. This study aims to provide insight into patients’ and parents’ perspective on the use of the KLIK PROM portal in order to optimize its implementation in pediatric clinical practice.

Methods
Patients (12–19 years) and parents (of children 0–19 years) from the Emma Children’s Hospital were invited to participate. A mixed-method design was used; (1) Focus groups were held and analyzed using thematic analysis in psychology, (2) a questionnaire was sent out and analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results
(1) Eight patients and 17 parents participated. Patients mentioned that KLIK has an attractive layout. However, PROMs were sometimes considered irrelevant and repetitive. Parents valued that KLIK provides insight into their child’s functioning, but they were not satisfied with the extent to which PROMs were discussed by clinicians. (2) 31 patients and 130 parents completed the questionnaire. Overall, patients and parents reported a satisfaction score of 7.9/10 and 7.3/10, respectively. 81% of patients and 74% of parents indicated that KLIK is easy to use.

Conclusion
Patients and parents are generally satisfied with KLIK, however, points of improvement were mentioned. These are currently being addressed by e.g., upgrading the KLIK website, implementing PROMIS item banks in KLIK to reduce irrelevancy and repetitiveness of PROMs, and implementation strategies to improve the discussion-rate. In this way, implementation of the KLIK PROM portal can be further optimized, with the ultimate goal to improve quality of care.
Assessing measurement invariance in the EORTC QLQ-C30
Authors: van Roij Janneke , Kieffer Jacobien M. , van de Poll-Franse Lonneke , Husson Olga , Raijmakers Natasja J. H. , Gelissen John 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed to investigate measurement invariance (MI) in the European Organisation for research and treatment of cancer quality of life questionnaire core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) in a heterogeneous sample of patients with cancer.

Methods
Data from 12 studies within the PROFILES registry were used for secondary analyses (n = 7007). We tested MI by successive restrictions on thresholds, loadings, and intercepts across subgroups based on primary cancer sites, age, sex, time since diagnosis, and life stage, using multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA) for ordered categorical measures. We also evaluated the impact of potentially miss-specified parameter equality across groups on latent factor means by releasing threshold and loading equality constraints for each item at a time.

Results
Results showed that the highest level of MI (invariance of thresholds, loadings, and intercepts) was found across groups based on time since diagnosis and life stage and to a lesser extent across groups based on sex, age, and primary tumor site. On item level, however, changes in the item’s associated factor means were relatively small and in most cases canceled each other out to some extent.

Conclusions
Given only a few instances of non-invariance in our study, there is reason to be confident that valid conclusions can be drawn from between-group comparisons of QLQ-C30 latent means as operationalized in our study. Nonetheless, further research into MI between other subgroups for the QLQ-C30 (i.e., treatment effects and ethnicity) is warranted. We stress the importance of including MI evaluations in the development and validation of measurement instruments.
Optimal Stability Thresholds in Rotating Fully Anisotropic Porous Medium with LTNE
Authors: Capone Florinda , Gentile Maurizio , Gianfrani Jacopo A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The onset of thermal convection in an anisotropic horizontal porous layer heated from below and rotating about vertical axis, under local thermal non-equilibrium hypothesis is studied. Linear and nonlinear stability analysis of the conduction solution is performed. Coincidence between the linear instability and the global nonlinear stability thresholds with respect to the L2—norm is proved.

Article Highlights

A necessary and sufficient condition for the onset of convection in a rotating
anisotropic porous layer has been obtained.

It has been proved that convection can occur only through a steady motion.
A detailed proof is reported thoroughly.

Numerical analysis shows that permeability promotes convection, while
thermal conductivities and rotation stabilize conduction.
Down to Earth: History and philosophy of geoscience in practice for undergraduate education
Authors: Kleinhans Maarten G. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractUndergraduate geoscience students are rarely exposed to history and philosophy of science (HPS). I will describe the experiences with a short course unfavourably placed in the first year of a bachelor of earth science. Arguments how HPS could enrich their education in many ways are sketched. One useful didactic approach is to develop a broader interest by connecting HPS themes to practical cases throughout the curriculum, and develop learning activities that allow students to reflect on their skills, methods and their field in relation to other disciplines and interactions with society with abilities gained through exposure to HPS. Given support of the teaching staff, the tenets of philosophy of science in practice, of conceptual history of knowledge, and of ethics of science for society can fruitfully and directly be connected to the existing curriculum. This is ideally followed by a capstone HPS course late in the bachelor programme.