bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An analytical formulation to evaluate natural frequencies and mode shapes of high-rise buildings
Authors: Nitti Giuseppe , Lacidogna Giuseppe , Carpinteri Alberto 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this paper, an original analytical formulation to evaluate the natural frequencies and mode shapes of high-rise buildings is proposed. The methodology is intended to be used by engineers in the preliminary design phases as it allows the evaluation of the dynamic response of high-rise buildings consisting of thin-walled closed- or open-section shear walls, frames, framed tubes, and dia-grid systems. If thin-walled open-section shear walls are present, the stiffness matrix of the element is evaluated considering Vlasov’s theory. Using the procedure called General Algorithm, which allows to assemble the stiffness matrices of the individual vertical bracing elements, it is possible to model the structure as a single equivalent cantilever beam. Furthermore, the degrees of freedom of the structural system are reduced to only three per floor: two translations in the x and y directions and a rigid rotation of the floor around the vertical axis of the building. This results in a drastic reduction in calculation times compared to those necessary to carry out the same analysis using commercial software that implements Finite Element models. The potential of the proposed method is confirmed by a numerical example, which demonstrates the benefits of this procedure.
Elevated fetal middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity in diabetes type 1 patient: a case report
Authors: Lesmes Heredia Cristina , Comas Rovira Montserrat , Moreno Baró Anna , Pina Pérez Silvia , Zamora Lapiedra Marc , Corona Martínez Manuel 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Doppler measurement of fetal middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity (MCA-PSV) is used to screen fetuses at risk of developing fetal anemia. This screening tool has demonstrated to be accurate to estimate the likelihood of fetal anemia and it has been used in the management of fetuses at this risk. It is rare to find in the literature cases of increased MCA-PSV in the absence of fetal anemia. We present the case of an elevated MCA-PSV in the absence of common causes of fetal anemia.

Case presentation
A 30-year-old woman at 21 weeks of gestation was referred to our unit with a left fetal renal agenesis and single umbilical artery diagnosis. The patient had a poorly controlled type 1 Diabetes with a booking HbA1C of 9.1%. At 31 weeks of gestation, MCA-PSV was raised (>1.5 multiples of the median) in the absence of any cause of fetal anemia and discrepancy of ventricular size with normal fetal heart function were seen. In a subsequent scan, thick interventricular septum was seen and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HC) was suggested. Follow-up ultrasonography showed a persistent MCA-PSV in a large for gestation age (LGA) fetus with HC. Due to the prenatal diagnosis of persistent elevated MCA-PSV in LGA fetus with diagnoses of HC in a poorly controlled type 1 diabetic patient labor was induced after fetal lung maturation. Biventricular hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was detected after birth.

Conclusions
HC may be an explanation for increased MCA-PSV without fetal anemia.
Chuang Tzu’s selflessness: mind-state and the cultural semiotics of jingshen
Authors: Chen Zhong , Yao Tingting 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The cognitive paradigm of symbols in ancient Chinese philosophy is quite distinct from that of Western semiotic circles. Chuang Tzu, one of the most influential ancient Chinese philosophers, concentrates his study on exploring the state of the subject’s selflessness and establishes his own cognitive paradigm of jingshen. This paper uses his statements of “I lost myself” and “The Perfect Man uses his mind like a mirror” in The adjustment of controversies of The Chuang Tzu, to investigate the ideal selfless mind-state and selflessness. It attempts to transfer the relationship between subject and object in symbolic cognition into the connection of intersubjectivity to construct jingshen’s cognitive paradigm of releasing symbolic meaning. The task of this research is to overcome the limitation created by the subject–object relation and finally to be “the Perfect Man” who can know the Dao.
Genre mixing on WeChat: evidence from a movie review subscription account
Authors: Sun Yanni 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Genre mixing and hybrid genre have been vital concepts in genre studies. With the increasing popularity of WeChat, a social media platform in China, a new type of hybrid genre comprised of media content and advertisements is emerging on WeChat subscription accounts. The present study collects 28 hybrid texts from a movie review subscription account in order to closely examine their communicative purposes and generic structure. It is found that instead of being fused into a monocentric entity, these hybrid texts are divided into movie review and advertisement parts, both functionally and structurally dichotomous. This expands and complements the existing understanding of concepts like hybrid genre and genre mixing. It also brings into focus the anti-monocentric nature of these concepts and questions the logocentric framework advocated in genre mixing studies.
Asymptotic normality of the relative error regression function estimator for censored and time series data
Authors: Bouhadjera Feriel , Saïd Elias Ould 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Consider a survival time study, where a sequence of possibly censored failure times is observed with d-dimensional covariate The main goal of this article is to establish the asymptotic normality of the kernel estimator of the relative error regression function when the data exhibit some kind of dependency. The asymptotic variance is explicitly given. Some simulations are drawn to lend further support to our theoretical result and illustrate the good accuracy of the studied method. Furthermore, a real data example is treated to show the good quality of the prediction and that the true data are well inside in the confidence intervals.
Wahlen unter Pandemie-Bedingungen: Alles bleibt anders
Authors: Florack Martin 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungGraduelle Veränderungsprozesse der jüngeren Vergangenheit sind der strukturelle Hemmschuh für die unmittelbare Durchschlagskraft der Pandemie auf die Bundestagswahl im Sinne einer „critical election“. Die Corona-Krise hat diese vielleicht deutlicher zutage treten lassen – das aufklärerische Bild der Pandemie als „Brennglas“, unter dem bereits vorher angelegte Entwicklungen klarer erkennbar werden, hat sich hier etabliert – aber sie hat sie nicht ursächlich hervorgebracht.
Gleichstellungspolitisch – ein Superwahljahr?
Authors: Rosenzweig Beate 
Published: August 2021

Zusammenfassung
Angesichts der aktuellen Herausforderungen von rechtspopulistischen Anfeindungen einerseits und identitätskritischer Infragestellung andererseits besitzt das Superwahljahr 2021 auch aus gleichstellungspolitischer Perspektive durchaus den Stellenwert einer „critical election“. Unter den gegenwärtigen politischen Kontextbedingungen ist, so die These, mehr und nicht weniger (partei-)politisches Engagement für Gleichstellungspolitik gefordert. Inwieweit dies nach der Bundestagswahl umzusetzen ist, hängt nicht unmaßgeblich von der dann möglichen Regierungskoalition ab.
Ambitionierte Klimapolitik von unten – Möglichkeiten und Hürden zivilgesellschaftlicher Beteiligung an der Ausarbeitung von Klimazielen und ihrer Umsetzung
Authors: Donges Larissa , Kovac Sarah , Sperfeld Franziska 
Published: August 2021

Zusammenfassung
Ambitionierter Klimaschutz ist eine gesamtgesellschaftliche, komplexe Herausforderung und Gestaltungsaufgabe, die das Zusammenspiel unterschiedlichster Akteur*innen bedarf. Zivilgesellschaftlichen Organisationen kommt bei der Ausgestaltung von notwendigen klimapolitischen Rahmenbedingungen und deren Umsetzung eine entscheidende Rolle zu. Sie sind konstruktive, treibende Kraft im Transformationsprozess und bringen dabei die Bedürfnisse und Interessen von Menschen von vor Ort in nationale und internationale Diskurse ein. Internationale Abkommen und nationale Gesetze schreiben ihre Beteiligung an umweltpolitischen Entscheidungsprozessen vor, doch wie sieht die Umsetzung dieses Rechts in der Realität aus? Dieser Artikel beleuchtet, wie zivilgesellschaftlichen Organisationen in unterschiedlichen Ländern beispielsweise in die Erstellung oder Überarbeitung der nationalen Klimaschutzziele (NDCs) oder die Ausarbeitung von Strategien und Aktionsplänen einbezogen wurden und wie ihre Beteiligung in Zukunft verbessert werden könnte.
Cyclic changes in verbal person-number indexes are unlikely
Authors: Seržant Ilja A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper discusses the emergence and demise of verbal person-number indexes on the basis of a sample of 310 languages. First, qualitative evidence is provided to show that there are different ways in which indexes may emerge, and that independent anaphoric pronouns are not the only possible source. Second, quantitative evidence is provided against the claim that indexes tend to demise via phonological attrition in the course of time. A considerable degree of demise is not a universally likely process, but rather a major restructuring process that requires additional – areal – triggers in order to come about. Thus, 92% of the languages of my sample do not show any strong tendency toward losing their indexes, and the degree of demise of their indexes is persistently low when compared to the proto-forms. This is despite the fact that indexes constantly change over time, and the phonetic shape found in the proto-languages is never faithfully preserved in the modern languages. Finally, those few languages that exhibit a relatively high degree of demise are not randomly distributed across the world, but are clustered in the following areas: Northwestern Europe, Eastern South East Asia with Oceania and, possibly, Mid Africa as well Northern South America.
Towards a typology of change in person marking reference
Authors: Bates Jonah 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPrevious studies of person marking referent shifts posited directionality:pl > sgand 3rd > 2nd > 1st person. The current study expands the documentation of person shifts, finding possible counter-examples to any directionality if all shifts represent the same phenomenon. However, comparison of shift trajectories allows them to be separated into two categories: paradigm-dependent and paradigm-independent shifts, analogous to the stages of known cycles like Jespersen’s Cycle for negation. Dependent shifts are context restrictions that occur after the introduction of more specific contrasting person markers. Independent shifts are context extensions. I analyze both shift types using a model of competition between referent-specific and referent-general markers causing pragmatic restriction of the more general form. Dependent shifts occur when the innovation of a referent-specific marker pragmatically restricts a general one to a subset of its original uses with no real change in reference. Independent shifts begin when some speakers use a referent-specific marker non-prototypically in more general contexts, triggering reanalysis of the marker’s reference by reducing specification to match the broader context. Crucially, using a general marker in more specific contexts would not trigger reanalysis, naturally resulting in directionality similar to ‘bleaching’.
Clusivity and the history of personal pronouns in East Caucasian
Authors: Authier Gilles 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Personal pronouns are among the most stable lexemes in the East Caucasian family, which consists of at least forty different languages distributed over eight well established branches, with nevertheless important variations and paradigmatic reshaping across branches, languages, and even dialects. The 1st and 2nd singular pronouns have been replaced or changed shape at least once in many subparts of the family, and the main 1st person singular innovation was apparently followed by areal spread. Most languages retain two different pronouns for the 1st person plural European pronoun, but the cognates are not always clear, suggesting that although clusivity is an inherited feature of East Caucasian pronominal paradigms, its history is complex, with various types of loss and renewal. This paper attempts to draw a fine-grained and accurate picture of these 1st person plural pronouns and their history within the larger setting of personal pronouns in general. Most individual stories behind variation across branches, languages and dialects provide reasons to see inclusive pronouns as prone to be maintained or renewed over time, whereas exclusive pronouns (1st person singular or plural) are specially targeted by avoidance and replacement processes.
Simulation of flow field characteristics in scheelite leaching tank with H2SO4–H3PO4
Authors: Li Jiangtao , Cao Guoxiang , Tang Zhongyang , Zhao Zhongwei 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Digesting scheelite by using H2SO4–H3PO4 is an environment-friendly and low-cost technology. The key approach to achieving efficient scheelite decomposition involves providing a good environment with uniform material composition for the growth of calcium sulfate. Therefore, numerical simulation of gypsum particle suspensions in a square stirred tank with a frame-type agitator for leaching scheelite was investigated. Simulated optimized results showed that the homogeneity of a multiphase flow system increased with the speed of the agitator. Reducing off-bottom clearance eased the dispersion of gypsum into the liquid. Adding baffles increased turbulence intensity and axial velocity in the tank, which eased solid suspension. The suspension improved, together with increases in the torque and power requirements of the agitator when the speed changed and baffled were added. However, when the solid suspension improved, the stirring torque and power slightly decreased, under a different off-bottom clearance of the agitator. Meanwhile, with residence time distribution as an evaluation criterion, the experimental results verified that the flow characteristics of the solid particles improved after optimization. This study can provide a theoretical basis and guidance for the optimization of the design and enlargement test of the stirred tank for leaching scheelite with sulfuric–phosphorous mixed acid.
Intergranular corrosion susceptibility of 6061 aluminum alloy welded joints
Authors: Gong Lihua , Guo Weimin , Li Yang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The intergranular corrosion behavior of 6061 aluminum alloy welded joints produced by metal inert gas welding and friction stir welding was studied. The microstructure of the welded joints and the intergranular corrosion morphology of the cross-section were analyzed by optical microscopy. The results show that the most sensitive area of intergranular corrosion is the partially melted zone of the metal inert gas welding, and the maximum corrosion depth is about seven times that of the base metal, followed by the unmixed zone. The heat affected zone has the lowest sensitivity. Although the welding seam corroded seriously, general corrosion played a leading role. With the high heat input of metal inert gas welding, the sensitivity to intergranular corrosion in the partially melted zone increased significantly, while other zones had little change. For friction stir welding joints, the heat affected zone suffered from the most severe corrosion, and the nugget zone the least. However, the difference is not apparent. The susceptibility to intergranular corrosion of friction stir welding joints is weaker than that of metal inert gas welding joints but more severe than the base metal.
Real-world EUROCRINE® registry data challenge the reliability of Bethesda cytopathology for thyroid surgery indication
Authors: Staubitz Julia I. , Poplawski Alicia , Watzka Felix , Musholt Thomas J. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is recommended by international guidelines for the preoperative evaluation of suspicious thyroid nodules >1 cm. Despite robust evidence from endocrine centers demonstrating the key role of FNAC results for the indication of surgery, the method is not routinely used in European clinics. The database EUROCRINE®, which was introduced in 2015 with the scope of registering operations of the endocrine system, allows for a large-scale analysis of the current service reality in Europe concerning FNAC use and associated accuracy.

Methods
Operations performed to “exclude malignancy”, registered from January 2015 to December 2018 in EUROCRINE®, were analyzed. Parameters of accuracy were calculated for FNAC. FNAC results were considered “test positive” in the case of Bethesda category IV, V, and VI, since these categories usually prompt surgical interventions in European centers for thyroid surgery. Bethesda category II and III were considered “test negative”.

Results
Of 8,791 operations, 5,780 had preoperative FNAC (65.7%). The overall malignancy rate was 28.3% (2,488/8,791). Malignancy rates were 68.8% for Bethesda VI, 69.9% for Bethesda V, 32.6% for Bethesda IV, 28.2% for III, 20.2% for Bethesda II, and 24.5% for Bethesda I. After exclusion of papillary microcarcinomas (PTMCs), the sensitivity of FNAC was 71.7% and specificity 43.5%, the positive predictive value was 29.1% and the negative predictive value 82.7%.

Conclusions
Although the indication to “exclude malignancy” was the predominant reason that prompted thyroid resection in the present cohort, FNAC was only used in about 65.7% of cases. When performed, FNAC was associated with unexpectedly low accuracy. Interestingly, in Bethesda II, 20.2% of malignant entities were present (13.3% after the exclusion of PTMCs).
Optimal design of differential mount using nature-inspired optimization methods
Authors: Albak Emre İsa , Solmaz Erol , Öztürk Ferruh 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Structural performance and lightweight design are a significant challenge in the automotive industry. Optimization methods are essential tools to overcome this challenge. Recently, nature-inspired optimization methods have been widely used to find optimum design variables for the weight reduction process. The objective of this study is to investigate the best differential mount design using nature-based optimum design techniques for weight reduction. The performances of the nature-based algorithms are tested using convergence speed, solution quality, and robustness to find the best design outlines. In order to examine the structural performance of the differential mount, static analyses are performed using the finite element method. In the first step of the optimization study, a sampling space is generated by the Latin hypercube sampling method. Then the radial basis function metamodeling technique is used to create the surrogate models. Finally, differential mount optimization is performed by using genetic algorithms (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), grey wolf optimizer (GWO), moth-flame optimization (MFO), ant lion optimizer (ALO) and dragonfly algorithm (DA), and the results are compared. All methods except PSO gave good and close results. Considering solution quality, robustness and convergence speed data, the best optimization methods were found to be MFO and ALO. As a result of the optimization, the differential mount weight is reduced by 14.6 wt.-% compared to the initial design.
Photodynamic priming with triple-receptor targeted nanoconjugates that trigger T cell-mediated immune responses in a 3D in vitro heterocellular model of pancreatic cancer
Authors: De Silva Pushpamali , Bano Shazia , Pogue Brian W. , Wang Kenneth K. , Maytin Edward V. , Hasan Tayyaba 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Photodynamic priming (PDP), a collateral effect of photodynamic therapy, can transiently alter the tumor microenvironment (TME) beyond the cytotoxic zone. Studies have demonstrated that PDP increases tumor permeability and modulates immune-stimulatory effects by inducing immunogenic cell death, via the release of damage-associated molecular patterns and tumor-associated antigens. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest of cancers with a stubborn immunosuppressive TME and a dense stroma, representing a challenge for current molecular targeted therapies often involving macromolecules. We, therefore, tested the hypothesis that PDP’s TME modulation will enable targeted therapy and result in immune stimulation. Using triple-receptor-targeted photoimmuno-nanoconjugate (TR-PINs)-mediated PDP, targeting epidermal growth factor receptor, transferrin receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 we show light dose-dependent TR-PINs mediated cytotoxicity in human PDAC cells (MIA PaCa-2), co-cultured with human pancreatic cancer-associated fibroblasts (PCAFs) in spheroids. Furthermore, TR-PINs induced the expression of heat shock proteins (Hsp60, Hsp70), Calreticulin, and high mobility group box 1 in a light dose and time-dependent manner. TR-PINs-mediated T cell activation was observed in co-cultures of immune cells with the MIA PaCa-2-PCAF spheroids. Both CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells showed light dose and time-dependant antitumor reactivity by upregulating degranulation marker CD107a and interferon-gamma post-PDP. Substantial tumor cell death in immune cell-spheroid co-cultures by day 3 shows the augmentation by antitumor T cell activation and their ability to recognize tumors for a light dose-dependent kill. These data confirm enhanced destruction of heterogeneous pancreatic spheroids mediated by PDP-induced phototoxicity, TME modulation and increased immunogenicity with targeted nanoconstructs.
The crystal structure of (E)-2-(((5-((triphenylstannyl)thio)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)imino)methyl)phenol, C27H21N3OS2Sn
Authors: Sun Junshan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
C27H21N3OS2Sn, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P&#x203e;{1}$

(no. 2), a = 11.064(3) Å, b = 11.538(3) Å, c = 12.257(3) Å, V = 1258.2(6) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0316, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0664, T = 298 K.
The crystal structure of bis(benzoato-κ2
O,O′)-(2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline-κ2
N,N′)-copper(II), C28H22CuN2O4
Authors: Yang Fei , Liu Pengju , Guo Libing , Xian Dong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
C28H22CuN2O4, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 17.2971(3) Å, b = 14.4409(3) Å, c = 9.5617(2) Å, β = 90.580(2)°, V = 2388.25(8) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0536, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1406, T = 293 K.
Monetary Policy, Financial Regulation and Financial Stability: A Comparison between the Fed and the ECB in the Wake of the Global Financial Crisis
Authors: Schnabl Gunther , Sonnenberg Nils 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe paper discusses in light of Austrian and Keynesian economic theory the impact of conventional and unconventional monetary policies as therapies for financial crises. It reviews the financial market stabilization measures of the Federal Reserve System and the Eurosystem in response to the US subprime crisis and the European financial and debt crisis. It shows that stabilization measures both in the US and the euro area are based on Keynesian thinking, whereas longer-term consequences of financial stabilization measures tend to be neglected. It is argued that the Federal Reserve System’s crisis measures were more directed towards stabilizing the banking system, whereas the European Central Bank first and foremost focused on debt sustainability of euro area crisis countries. In both cases, household credit growth remained under control despite renewed monetary expansion, while new imbalances emerged in the banking and corporate sector as suggested by Austrian economic theory.