bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social Relationships and Its Association With Affective Symptoms of Women With Breast Cancer: a Scoping Review
Authors: Yang Yesol , Lin Yufen , Sikapokoo Grace , Min Se Hee , Caviness-Ashe Nicole , Zhang Jing , Ledbetter Leila , Nolan Timiya 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Problems in affective and cognitive functioning are among the most common concurrent symptoms that breast cancer patients report. Social relationships may provide some explanations of the clinical variability in affective-cognitive symptoms. Evidence suggests that social relationships (functional and structural aspects) can be associated with patients’ affective-cognitive symptoms; however, such an association has not been well studied in the context of breast cancer. The purpose of this scoping review was to address the following question: What social relationships are associated with affective-cognitive symptoms of women with breast cancer? This scoping review used the framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley and PRISMA-Sc. Extracted data included research aims, design, sample, type and measures of social relationships (functional and structural), and the association between social relationships and affective-cognitive symptoms. Results: Of sixty-five included studies, none of them focused on cognitive symptoms of breast cancer patients; thus, in this review, we focused on only the affective symptoms of breast cancer patients and their association with patients’ both aspects of social relationships. Conclusion: Our findings reveal that positive social relationships benefit in mitigating affective symptoms of women with breast cancer. Thus, health care providers need to educate patients about the importance of building solid social relationships and encourage them to participate in a supportive network of friends and family members.
Experimental Study on Shear Stress-Displacement, Creep and Shear Slip Instability Behavior of Rock Fractures
Authors: Zhai Minglei , Bai Haibo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Rock mass inherently contains discontinuities, and shear sliding of rock masses along discontinuities is the most common failure mode of rock mass in engineering practice (such as slope, dam and tunnel). In this study, the mechanical and failure properties of rock fractures were examined through direct shear tests, pre-peak tiered cyclic shear tests and multistage loading shear creep tests. The results show that the deformable memory of rocks can be observed from shear stress-shear displacement curves, namely reloading curves continued to increase along the loading curve of the last cycle under the pre-peak tiered cyclic shear loading. The envelopes of shear stress-shear displacement curves were similar to the variation trend of shear stress-shear displacement curves obtained in the direct shear test. Besides, the variation trend of residual shear displacement (RSD) and relative residual shear displacement (RRSD) before slip instability were obtained by the data analyses of rock mass under pre-peak tiered cyclic shear tests. It is found that the change in the friction and sliding state of rock fracture is the main reason for the fluctuation of shear stress-shear displacement curves. The Chen's method was used to process the multistage loading shear creep curves and the three creep stages were analyzed. Moreover, the complex creep models in some previous studies were discussed and the data of shear creep tests were successfully fitted to the classical Burgers model. This study provides a guidance for the study on the shear instability of rock fractures under different shear loading paths.
Multi-year robotic observations reveal the seasonality of downward carbon export pathways in the Southern Ocean
Authors: Lacour Léo , Llort Joan , Briggs Nathan , Strutton Peter , Boyd Philip 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
At high latitudes, the export of organic matter from the surface to the ocean interior, the biological carbon pump, has conventionally been attributed to the gravitational sinking of particulate organic carbon (POC). Conspicuous deficits in ocean carbon budgets have recently challenged this long-lived paradigm of a sole pathway. Multiple strands of evidence have demonstrated the importance of additional export pathways, including the particle injection pumps (PIPs). Recent model estimates revealed that PIPs have a comparable downward POC flux to the biological gravitational pump (BGP), but with potentially different seasonal signatures. To date, logistical constraints have prevented concomitant and extensive observations of these pumps, and little is known about the seasonality of their fluxes. Here, using year-round robotic observations and recent advances in optical signal analysis, we concurrently investigated the functioning of two PIPs - the mixed layer and eddy subduction pumps - and the BGP in Southern Ocean waters. By comparing three phytoplankton bloom cycles in contrasting environments, we show how physical forcing and phytoplankton phenology influence the magnitude and seasonality of these pumps, with implications for carbon sequestration efficiency.
Behavioural, Histopathological, Genetic and Organism-Wide Responses to Phenanthrene-Induced Oxidative Stress in Eisenia Fetida Earthworms in Natural Soil Microcosms
Authors: He Falin , Yu Hanmei , Shi Huijian , Li Xiangxiang , Chu Shanshan , Huo Chengqian , Liu Rutao 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Phenanthrene (PHE) contamination not only changes the quality of soil environment but also threatens to the soil organisms. There is lack of focus on the eco-toxicity potential of contaminants in real soil in the current investigation. Here, we assessed the toxic effects of PHE on earthworms (Eisenia fetida) in natural soil matrix. PHE exhibited a relatively high toxicity to E. fetida in natural soil, with the LC50 determined to be 56.68 mg kg−1 after a 14-day exposure. Excessive ROS induced by PHE, leading to oxidative damage to biomacromolecules in E. fetida, including lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, and DNA damage. The antioxidant defense system (total antioxidant capacity, glutathione S-transferase, peroxidase, catalase, carboxylesterase, and superoxide dismutase) in E. fetida responded quickly to scavenge excess ROS and free radicals. Exposure to PHE resulted in earthworm avoidance responses (2.5 mg kg−1) and habitat function loss (10 mg kg−1). Histological observations indicated that the intestine, body wall, and seminal vesicle in E. fetida were severely damaged after exposure to high-dose PHE. Moreover, earthworm growth (weight change) and reproduction (cocoon production and the number of juvenile) were also inhibited after exposure to this pollutant. Furthermore, the integrated toxicity of PHE toward E. fetida at different doses and exposure times was assessed by the integrated biomarker response (IBR), which confirm that PHE is more toxic to earthworms in the high-dose and long-term exposure groups. Our results showed that PHE exposure induced oxidative stress, disturbed antioxidant defense system, and caused oxidative damage in E. fetida. These effects can trigger behavior changes and damaged histological structure, finally cause growth inhibition, genotoxicity, and reproductive toxicity in earthworms. The strength of this study is the comprehensive toxicity evaluation of PHE to earthworms and highlights the need to investigate the t eco-toxicity potential of exogenous environmental pollutants in a real soil environment.
Effects of Iron-Oxide Nanoparticles (Fe3O4) Released From Synthesized Iron-based Thiourea Catalyst on the Growth, Cell Density, and Pigment Content of Chlorella Vulgaris
Authors: Yazdanabdad Tahereh Ebrahini , Forghaniha Ali , Emtyazjoo Mozhgan , Ramezani Majid 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study investigated the effects of Fe3O4 nanoparticles released from synthesized Thiourea catalyst to Chlorella vulgaris as an essential primary producer in aquatic systems. A range of Fe3O4 concentrations (0, 10, 100, 250, 500, 750, and 1000 mg L-1) was applied for the exposure test. Biological parameters of C. vulgaris, including cell density, cell viability, and pigment content were assessed. Bioconcentration factor and bioaccumulation were evaluated for contaminated microalgae. Non-carcinogenic risks were then assessed using target hazard quotient (THQ) for potential human consumptions. Findings showed that C. vulgaris cell numbers increased from 0 to 500 mg L-1 of Fe3O4. Chlorophyll a represented a time-dependent response, and greatest values were detected in 250 and 500 mg L-1 Fe3O4 at 4.2 and 4 mg/g, respectively. Chlorophyll b content showed a time-related manner in exposure to Fe3O4 with the highest values recorded at 250 mg L-1 after 96 h. Moreover, bioaccumulation displayed a dose-dependent response as bioaccumulated iron was in the largest amount at 15000 µg/g dw in 1000 mg L-1, whereas the lowest one was in the control group at 1700 µg/g dw. The bioconcentration factor showed a concentration-relevant decrease in all iron treatments and 10 mg L-1 of Fe3O4 represented the greatest BCF at 327.3611. Non-carcinogenic risks illustrated negligible hazard (THQ < 1) in a dose-response pattern and the largest EDI and THQ were calculated in 1000 mg L-1 at 7.4332E-07 (mg kg-1 day-1) and 1.06189E-09, respectively. In essence, iron is an essential trace element for biological aspects in aquatic systems, but in exceeding concentrations could impose toxicity effects in C. vulgaris populations.
Pollution-Induced Tolerance of Soil Bacterial Communities to Oxytetracycline-Spiked Manure
Authors: Jauregi Leire , Artamendi Maddi , Epelde Lur , Blanco Fernando , Garbisu Carlos 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The use of manure as a fertilizer is a common agricultural practice that can improve soil physicochemical and biological properties. However, antibiotics and their metabolites are often present, leading to the adaptation of soil bacterial communities to their presence. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of the extensively used, broad-spectrum antibiotic oxytetracycline on soil microbial community adaptation using a pollution-induced community tolerance assay. Manure-amended soil was spiked with oxytetracycline (0, 2, 20, 60, 150, and 500 mg kg−1) three times every ten days in the selection phase. The detection phase was conducted in Biolog EcoPlates with a second oxytetracycline exposure (0, 5, 20, 40, 60, and 100 mg L−1). All treatments demonstrated decreased metabolic activity after exposure to ≥ 5 mg L−1 oxytetracycline during the detection phase. Meanwhile, a significant increase in tolerance was observed following exposure to ≥ 20 mg oxytetracycline per kg soil during the selection phase. Therefore, the pollution-induced community tolerance approach with Biolog EcoPlates was a useful system for the detection of antibiotic selection pressures on soil bacterial communities. It is important to properly manage animal waste before their application to the soil to reduce the occurrence of antibiotic-resistance in the environment.
The Treatment Advantage of Complex Acetabular Fractures by the Pararectus Approach
Authors: Liu Guoming , Chen Jinli , Liang Chengzhi , Zhang Chengdong , Li Xuwen , Hu Yanling 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: The surgical treatment of complex acetabular fractures is one of the most challenging procedures for orthopedic surgeons. The Pararectus approach, as a reasonable alternative to the existing surgical procedures, was performed for the treatment of complex acetabular fractures involving the anterior column. This study aimed to evaluate outcome using the Pararectus approach for acetabular fractures involving anterior columns. Methods: Thirty-seven with displaced complex acetabular fractures involving anterior columns were treated between July 2016 and October 2019 using the Pararectus approach. The functional outcomes (using the Merle d Aubigné and Postel scoring system, WOMAC and modified Harris scoring), the quality of surgical reduction (using the Matta criteria), and postoperative complications were assessed with about 26 months follow-up.Results: Thirty-seven patients (mean age 53 years, range: 30-71; 28 male) underwent surgery. Mean intraoperative blood loss was 840 ml (rang: 400-2000 ml) and mean operating time was 210 min (rang: 140-500 min). The modified Merle d Aubigné score was excellent and good in 27 cases (73%), fair in 6 cases (16%), and poor in 3 cases (12%). The mean score was 88.5 (range:77-96) for the modified Harris Hip scores, and 22 (range:7-35) for the WOMAC scores after operation. Postoperative functional outcomes were significantly improved compared with preoperative outcomes (P<0.0001). The quality of reduction was anatomical in 21 cases (57%), satisfactory in 9 cases (24%), and unsatisfactory in 7 cases (20%). At follow-up, four patients developed a DVT, and heterotopic bone formation was observed in one patient. The hip osteoarthritis was not observed.Conclusion: The Pararectus approach achieved good functional outcomes and anatomical reduction in the treatment of complex acetabular fractures involving anterior column with minimal access morbidity.
The Interannual Variability of Shallow Meridional Overturning Circulation and its association with the South-West Indian Ocean Heat Content variability
Authors: Pai Rahul U , Parekh Anant , Chowdary Jasti S. , Gnanaseelan C. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The present study examines interannual variability of Shallow Meridional Overturning Circulation (SMOC) using century long reanalysis data. The strength of the transport associated with SMOC is calculated by meridional overturning streamfunction. The interannual variability in SMOC is found maximum between the 5oS and 15oS and displaying strong signals after 1940s. A year for which the meridional overturning streamfunction detrended anomaly is greater (lesser) its standard deviation is identified as strong (weak) SMOC year. For strong (weak) SMOC year composite displayed more (less) southward transport (~2.5 Sv) and shown excess (less) subduction over the South Indian Ocean. During strong (weak) years, the excess (less) southward heat transport (~0.25PW) leads to reduction (increase) in the upper 200m Ocean Heat Content (OHC) and sea level over the Southwest Indian Ocean (SWIO). The results obtained are well supported by tide gauge and satellite measured sea level data for the available period. Further analysis reveals that the SMOC variability is primarily driven by change in zonal wind stress south of the equator and displayed association with the Southern Oscillation Index. The Ocean model-based sensitivity experiments confirms that the OHC variability over SWIO is closely associated with the SMOC variability and is primarily driven by local wind forcing as a response to El Niño Southern Oscillation. However, the role of remote forcing from Pacific through Oceanic pathway over SWIO is absent. Study attempts to provide a comprehensive view on the interannual variability of SMOC and its linkage to OHC variability over SWIO during last century.
Decreased ARID1A Expression Associates with Tumor Progression and Adverse Prognosis in Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Somsuan Keerakarn , Samon Ratirath , Tangjitpisud Paween , Aluksanasuwan Siripat , Srithongc Yupa , Thongboonkerd Visith , SAKULSAK NATTHIYA 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this study, we aimed to evaluate association of ARID1A (AT-rich interacting domain-containing protein 1A) mutation and protein expression with clinicopathology and prognosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Genomic Data Commons (GDC) showed ARID1A was one of the top-ten mutated genes found in kidney cancers and its mutations were found along its sequence. Interestingly, patients with ARID1A mutations had significantly lower survival rate (38%; n=68) comparing to the non-mutated cases (58%; n=192). The results from OSkirc web tool revealed that patients with low expression of ARID1A had significantly shorter overall survival and disease specific survival than those with high ARID1A expression. Immunohistochemistry revealed markedly decreased ARID1A expression in the RCC tissues (n=26), particularly in clear cell RCC (ccRCC) and chromophobe RCC (chRCC). Negative to weak ARID1A expression was significantly associated with ccRCC (grade II) and chRCC subtypes, presence of comorbidity, and low eGFR levels. Finally, ARID1A protein was undetectable in 3/11 cases with ccRCC (grade II) and 2/6 chRCC cases, all of which had metastasis 1−50 months after surgical removal. In conclusion, decreased ARID1A expression is associated with the poor prognosis and metastasis of RCC and thus may serve as the prognostic marker of RCC, particularly ccRCC and chRCC subtypes.
Fluctuation In the Phase Transition Temperature of Poly (NIPAAm-co-HEMA-co-DMAMVA)-Post-guanine Affected by Hydrophilic/hydrophobic Interaction: Fabrication and Characterizations
Authors: Abdelaty Momen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The phase separation and transition temperature of poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) have been developed by the terpolymerization with new pH-responsive monomer and highly hydrophilic 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate. The new monomer based on vanillin is called 2-((dimethylamino)methyl)-4-formyl-6-methoxyphenyl acrylate (DMAMVA), and is investigated by chemical methods (1H, 13C NMR, FTIR, and mass spectroscopy). Terpolymers of dual-responsive thermo-pH with functional groups were fabricated via free radical polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm), 10 mol% 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and 5, 10, and 20 mol% DMAMVA. A selected terpolymer was used for post-polymerization with guanine via click reaction and the formation of an imine between the aldehyde group of DMAMVA and the amine group of guanine. All terpolymer and post-terpolymer are chemically evaluated. The physical properties have been implemented by GPC (molecular weight and dispersity), DSC (glass transition temperature Tg), TGA (steps of degradation), and SEM (morphological features). The fluctuations in phase transition temperature Tc or the lower critical solution temperature LCST of the polymer solution in different pH solutions have been performed by two methods, first, the turbidity test by UV-Vis-spectroscopy, second, by micro-DSC for aqueous polymer solution. This work will be extended for more applications in bio-separation technology.
Adiponectin Accumulation in the Tetinal Vascular Endothelium and its Possible Role in Preventing Early Diabetic Microvascular Damage
Authors: Sakaue Taka-aki , Fujishima Yuya , Fukushima Yoko , Tsugawa-Shimizu Yuri , Fukuda Shiro , Kita Shunbun , Nishizawa Hitoshi , Ranscht Barbara , Nishida Kohji , Maeda Norikazu , Shimomura Iichiro 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Adiponectin (APN), a protein abundantly secreted from adipocytes, has been reported to possess beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases in association with its accumulation on target organs and cells by binding to T-cadherin. However, little is known about the role of APN in the development of diabetic microvascular complications, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR). Here we investigated the impact of APN on the progression of early retinal vascular damage using a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mouse model. Our immunofluorescence results clearly showed T-cadherin-dependent localization of APN in the vascular endothelium of retinal arterioles, which was progressively decreased during the course of diabetes. Such reduction of retinal APN accompanied the early features of DR, represented by increased vascular permeability, and was prevented by glucose-lowering therapy with dapagliflozin, a selective sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor. In addition, APN deficiency resulted in severe vascular permeability under relatively short-term hyperglycemia, together with a significant increase in vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and a reduction in claudin-5 in the retinal endothelium. The present study demonstrated a possible protective role of APN against the development of DR.
Serum Creatine Kinase Levels are not Associated with an Increased Need for Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy in Patients with Acute Kidney Injury Following Rhabdomyolysis
Authors: Xiao Luniu , Ran Xiao , Zhong Yanxia , Le Yue , Li Shusheng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroudRhabdomyolysis is a syndrome caused by the breakdown and necrosis of skeletal muscle tissues. As a result, there is leakage of various intercellular myocyte contents into the circulating blood stream. Severe rhabdomyolysis can lead to acute kidney injury (AKI) and cause potentially permanent kidney damage. Previous studies have reported benefit from continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) for rhabdomyolysis-associated AKI. For patients with AKI, the termination of CRRT often depends on the patient’s renal functions. Here, we asked whether serum creatine kinase (CK) levels should be considered for CRRT termination in patients with AKI following rhabdomyolysis.MethodsWe compared different CK levels in patients after CRRT termination and we observed the correlation between CK levels and clinical outcomes. For a retrospective study, we collected 86 cases with confirmed rhabdomyolysis-associated AKI, who had received CRRT from January 1st of 2012 to December 31th of 2020 in Tongji Hospital. Patients’ renal functions were assessed within 24 hours of intermission, and patients with urine output ≥ 1,000 mL and serum creatinine ≤ 265 umol/L were considered for CRRT termination. Following CRRT termination, patients were divided into a CK > 5,000 U/L group (experimental group) and a CK < 5,000 U/L group (control group). The outcomes, such as in-hospital mortality and in-hospital length of stay, were compared between two groups.ResultsThirty-three (38.37%) patients were classified as having CK > 5,000 U/L, while 53 (61.63%) were categorized as having CK < 5,000 U/L. The majority of laboratory examinations were comparable between the two groups on admission. The higher CK levels, as well as worse renal functions, predicted the necessity of CRRT continuation for patients. After CRRT termination, the in-hospital mortality (27.27% vs 22.64, p = 0.389) and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS) incidence (51.52% vs 49.06%, p = 0.064) were similar between two groups, while the experimental group showed a significantly shorter in-hospital length of stay (11.88 ± 1.469 vs 16.42 ± 1.290, p = 0.026) and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) length of stay (7.545 ± 0.866 vs 10.11 ± 0.793, p = 0.038).ConclusionCRRT termination may be independent of s the CK levels for patients with rhabdomyolysis-associated acute kidney injure, providing their renal functions have recovered to an appropriate level. Prospective clinical trials would be needed to more thoroughly investigate the optimal CK range that could be used as a gauge to prevent recurrence of renal impairments after treatments.