bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of cutting height on biomass yield and quality of miscanthus genotypes
Authors: Magenau Elena , Kiesel Andreas , Clifton‐Brown John , Lewandowski Iris 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCommercially achieved biomass yields are often lower than those obtained in scientific plot trials and estimated by crop models. This phenomenon is commonly referred to as the ‘commercial yield gap’. It needs to be understood and managed to achieve the yield expectations that underpin business models. Cutting height at harvest is one of the key factors determining biomass yield and quality. This study quantifies the impacts of cutting heights of diverse genotypes with different morphologies and in years with contrasting weather conditions before and during harvest. Harvests were made in March 2015 and March 2018 of six diverse miscanthus genotypes planted as part of the ‘OPTIMISC project’ in 2013 near Stuttgart, Germany. Biomass yield, dry matter content and nutrient concentrations were analysed in four 10 cm fractions working upwards from the ground level and a fifth fraction with the shoot biomass higher than 40 cm. As stems are slightly tapered (i.e. diameter decreases slightly with increasing cutting height), it was hypothesized that low cutting may lead to yield gains, but that these may be associated with lower quality biomass with higher moisture and higher nutrient offtakes. We calculated average yield losses of 270 kg ha−1 (0.83%) with each 1 cm increase in cutting height up to 40 cm. Although whole shoot mineral concentrations were significantly influenced by both genotype and year interactions, total nitrogen (1.89 mg g−1), phosphorus (0.51 mg g−1), potassium (3.72 mg g−1) and calcium (0.89 mg g−1) concentrations did not differ significantly from the concentrations in the lower basal sections. Overall, cutting height had a limited influence on nutrient and moisture content. Therefore, we recommend that cutting is performed as low as is practically possible with the available machinery and local ground surface conditions to maximize biomass yield.
Vulnerable relational knowing that matters
Authors: Meriläinen Susan , Salmela Tarja , Valtonen Anu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper explores vulnerable relational knowing, and in it we open up our own embodied habits and experiences as feminist academics. We discuss how displaying our academic bodies as naked, both symbolically and physically, enhances and appreciates—instead of hiding—vulnerability. We also discuss how our academic bodies entangle with a range of more‐than‐human creatures and material surroundings to highlight the multispecies and material nature of vulnerable relational knowing. Two detailed stories, “Intimate sharing of academic knowledge: A recumbent study circle” and “Keropirtti: A place and space to work differently” provide unique examples of the enactment of alternative ways of working in academia, and their analysis demonstrates the potential of vulnerability for embodied relational knowing in academia, which has, to date, been commonly analyzed in the context of writing.
Predialysis serum phosphate and intradialytic hypotension
Authors: Ravi Katherine Scovner , Reeves Patrick B. , Correa Simon , Neves João Sérgio , Waikar Sushrut S. , Mothi Suraj S. , Mc Causland Finnian R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionIntradialytic hypotension (IDH) is a common complication of hemodialysis (HD) and is associated with excess morbidity and mortality. Higher serum phosphate is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes in maintenance HD patients; however, its association with IDH has not previously been assessed.MethodsThis is an analysis of a prospective cohort of 969 HD patients (80,968 HD sessions) receiving HD at a large dialysis organization (LDO) and a post‐hoc analysis of 1838 HD patients (10,594 HD sessions) in the Hemodialysis study (HEMO), a multicenter randomized controlled trial that examined standard or high‐dose HD and low‐flux or high‐flux membranes. Unadjusted and adjusted mixed effects regression models were fit to determine the association of pre‐HD serum phosphate with IDH, defined as a nadir intra‐HD systolic blood pressure (SBP) <90 mmHg.FindingsIn the LDO cohort, baseline mean pre‐HD serum phosphate was 5.2 ± 1.7 mg/dl. IDH occurred in 15.6% of HD sessions. In the adjusted model, higher pre‐HD serum phosphate (per 1 mg/dl) was associated with a 12% increased risk of IDH (aOR 1.12, 95% CI 1.10–1.13, p <0.001). In exploratory models where pre‐HD laboratory values were available, the effect estimate was attenuated but remained statistically significant (aOR 1.05; 95% CI 1.02–1.08; p <0.01). Participants in the highest (compared with the lowest) quartile of pre‐HD serum phosphate had a 56% greater risk of IDH in the adjusted model (aOR Q4:Q1 1.56; 95% CI 1.44–1.68, p <0.001). The association of higher phosphate with IDH was consistent in the HEMO data.DiscussionHigher pre‐HD serum phosphate is independently associated with an increased risk of IDH. As HD may cause an acute decline in serum phosphate, future studies to investigate the mechanisms of this association are warranted.
Interrogating theoretical and empirical approaches to employability in different global regions
Authors: Fakunle Omolabake , Higson Helen 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis special issue expands the scope of a panel presentation at the Society for Research into Higher Education Annual Conference 2019 and makes two identified contributions to the field. First, drawing from existing literature, this introductory paper proposes three categorisations of employability as: outcomes approach, process approach and conceptual approaches. This moves beyond normative conceptualisation of employability from mostly the outcomes approach. The applicability of the categorisation is further enumerated by the diversity of contributions in this special issue that highlights (a) the complexity in the field and (b) the interrelatedness of the categories. Second, the special issue puts together a rarely combined collection of global perspectives on conceptualisations of employability, and insights from research on little studied groups in Western and non‐Western contexts (the UK, Portugal, Australia, the Indo‐Pacific Region, Germany, Kenya and Kazakhstan). The papers, therefore, illustrate the need to widen our scope of understanding employability beyond current dominant perspectives. The broadening that is required in employability discourses is further needed in view of unprecedented disruption brought on higher education during the COVID‐19 pandemic. This suggests the need to rethink our conceptualisations of employability amidst uncertainty and potential disruption to the future of work.
Improving the efficiency of the autoverification workflow for nucleated red blood cell reporting in the hematology laboratory
Authors: Chinudomwong Pawadee , Khongjaroensakun Narin , Chatachote Benjarat , Chaothai Nutdanai , Paisooksantivatana Karan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveAlthough the microscopic manual count is considered the standard method for NRBC enumeration, modern hematology analyzers can perform this task automatically with reliable accuracy and efficiency. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the Sysmex XN hematology analyzer and to construct the optimal workflow for accurate and efficient NRBC reporting.MethodsSpecimens containing different levels of NRBC were included. Analytical performance was evaluated via method comparison with flow cytometry (FCM) and manual count (MC). Clinical sensitivity was analyzed by ROC analysis using manual count as the standard method.ResultsCorrelation study of %NRBC with FCM and MC demonstrated an r value of 0.925 (95% CI 0.905 to 0.942) and 0.990 (95% CI 0.987 to 0.992) with a mean difference of −0.8 (95%CI: −6.7 to +5.0) and +0.50 (95% CI: −6.7 to +7.7), respectively. When the automated NRBC count was equal to zero and >0.07 × 109/L, the false‐negative rate and false‐positive rate were 100%, respectively; hence, manual slide review could be omitted. A false‐positive rate of 72.7% was noted in specimens containing NRBC count less than 0.07 × 109/L.ConclusionThe Sysmex XN can help improve the efficiency of NRBC enumeration owing to its accuracy, rapidity, and automation. However, further studies are required to improve the accuracy of detection in specimens containing a very low level of NRBC.
A retrospective analysis of discordances between international normalized ratio (INR) self‐testing and INR laboratory testing in a pediatric patient population
Authors: Bitan Joan , Bajolle Fanny , Harroche Annie , Cannet Pauline , Braems Alice , Taleb Sofiane , Bonnet Damien , Borgel Delphine , Lasne Dominique 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe lack of quality control procedures for home point‐of‐care (POC) international normalized ratio (INR) devices is a concern. Concomitant laboratory and POC INR testing may be proposed to overcome the lack of quality control. However, a difference between the POC INR and the laboratory INR is not necessarily due to failure of the POC device. This study aimed to identify variables associated with a significant deviation between the POC INR and the laboratory INR.MethodsChildren included in this retrospective cohort study performed at least one concomitant laboratory and POC INRs. Clinical and laboratory variables were assessed for an association with significant deviation within pairs of INR.ResultsA significant deviation was noted for 30 (15.3%) of the 196 pairs of INR measurements from 124 children. Relative to patients without deviations, patients with deviations were younger (odds ratio =0.91; P = .020), less experienced in the use of POC INR devices (odds ratio =0.89; P = .098), and more likely to have received an INR result from a laboratory using animal thromboplastin (odds ratio =2.81 vs. 0.37 for laboratories using human thromboplastin; P = .016). In a multivariate analysis, younger age and the laboratory's use of animal thromboplastin were associated with significant deviations.ConclusionsAlthough most children had coherent pairs of INR values, the occurrence of deviations raises the question of the origin of the thromboplastin used in the laboratory and emphasizes the need to provide specific quality control procedures for POC INR devices.
Factors influencing initiation of health behaviour conversations with patients: Cross‐sectional study of nurses, midwives, and healthcare support workers in Wales
Authors: Bright Diana , Gray Benjamin J. , Kyle Richard G. , Bolton Sian , Davies Alisha R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimTo identify factors influencing healthcare professionals’ engagement in health behaviour conversations with patients.DesignCross‐sectional survey.MethodsBetween April and June 2019, an online survey of 1338 nurses, midwives and healthcare support workers was conducted. The survey assessed whether staff felt comfortable initiating health behaviour conversations with patients about five behaviours (reducing alcohol intake; stop smoking; being more active; reducing their weight; and improving their diet) and barriers to conversation initiation. Health professionals’ own health‐related behaviours, self‐rated health and mental wellbeing, and socio‐demographic characteristics were recorded. Logistic regression models were built to assess factors associated with feeling comfortable initiating health behaviour conversations for each topic.ResultLess than 50% of respondents reported feeling comfortable initiating health behaviour conversations with patients. Female staff, young professionals (18 to 29 years), those in lower staff grades and those with poorer health and low mental wellbeing were less likely to report feeling comfortable having health behaviour conversations across all topics. Those who did not adhere to physical activity and dietary guidelines were less likely to initiate a conversation about being more active and having a healthy diet, respectively. Not having time to discuss the topic, suitable space to hold a conversation, and feeling worried about offending/upsetting patients were the main barriers reported.ConclusionAround 6 in 10 members of the nursing, midwifery and healthcare support workforce in Wales potentially do not feel comfortable to initiate a health behaviour conversation with patients about health and wellbeing. Feeling less comfortable to initiate a conversation was associated with staff demographics and organizational factors.ImpactWe identified those less likely to initiate health behaviour conversations as well as personal and organizational barriers to initiation. This will help to target and tailor interventions to ensure staff are equipped and enabled to hold health behaviour conversations with patients.
Application of the Haddon matrix to COVID‐19 prevention and containment in nursing homes
Authors: Fritch William M. , Agnew Jacqueline , Rosman Lori , Cadorette Maureen A. , Barnett Daniel J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCOVID‐19 has exacted a disproportionate toll on the health of persons living in nursing homes. Healthcare providers and other decision‐makers in those settings must refer to multiple evolving sources of guidance to coordinate care delivery in such a way as to minimize the introduction and spread of the causal virus, SARS‐CoV‐2. It is essential that guidance be presented in an accessible and usable format to facilitate its translation into evidence‐based best practice. In this article, we propose the Haddon matrix as a tool well‐suited to this task. The Haddon matrix is a conceptual model that organizes influencing factors into pre‐event, event, and post‐event phases, and into host, agent, and environment domains akin to the components of the epidemiologic triad. The Haddon matrix has previously been applied to topics relevant to the care of older persons, such as fall prevention, as well as to pandemic planning and response. Presented here is a novel application of the Haddon matrix to pandemic response in nursing homes, with practical applications for nursing home decision‐makers in their efforts to prevent and contain COVID‐19.
Development of a Family Support Scale for Diet Therapy for Male Workers with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Kitagawa Mai , Inagaki Michiko , Okuwa Mayumi , Tasaki Keiko , Horiguchi Tomomi , Asada Yuya , Nagamune Mizuyo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimDietary self‐care for patients with type 2 diabetes can be improved with family support. The purpose of this study was to develop a scale to assess family support for diet therapy for male workers with type 2 diabetes and to examine its reliability and validity.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, we collected data from 110 Japanese male workers with type 2 diabetes. Data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis, reliability testing, and validity testing.ResultsThe resultant Family Support Scale for Diet Therapy for Male Workers (FSS‐DMW) with type 2 diabetes consisted of 31 items and a six‐factor structure. The six factors explained 72.9% of the variance, and Cronbach's alpha for the total scale was .964. The scale correlated as expected with the Social Support Scale for Chronic Illness and the dietary subscale of the Japanese version of the Summary of Diabetes Self‐Care Activities Measure.ConclusionThe FSS‐DMW is a reliable and valid measure which can be used to assess family support for diet therapy for male workers with type 2 diabetes and has the potential to be used as a clinical instrument for family guidance.
The missing role of moral values in anti‐vaping messaging
Authors: Minton Elizabeth A. , Gardiner Paige 
Published: July 2021

AbstractVaping‐related illnesses are on the rise. Various anti‐vaping campaigns have been launched, but these marketing campaigns may be missing a core component of the reason that consumers vape—consumers perceive vaping as more moral than alternatives. Our research builds off belief congruence theory to examine this conjecture and accompanying solutions through three studies. Studies 1 and 2 show positive relationships between vaping morality perceptions and vaping attitudes/behavior in addition to identifying religiosity as an explanatory factor. Study 3 then experimentally manipulated marketing messaging to show that morality‐based messaging was most effective at increasing immorality perceptions and decreasing positive affect toward vaping, particularly for higher religiosity consumers.
Pancreatic incidentalomas: Investigation and management
Authors: Del Chiaro Marco , Torphy Robert J. , Schulick Richard D. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe incidence of pancreatic incidentalomas (PIs) detected in otherwise asymptomatic patients is growing with the increasing quality and use of advanced imaging techniques. PI can present as isolated main pancreatic duct dilation or as a solid or cystic lesion. Although historically thought to be relatively rare, PIs are rather common, particularly cystic lesions of the pancreas, which can be detected in up to 49% of the general population. With the poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer, PIs are an opportunity for prevention and early diagnosis, but when managed poorly, they can also lead to overtreatment and unnecessary morbidity. The management of PI should begin with a dedicated pancreas protocol computed tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to accurately characterize duct size, lesion characteristics and establish an accurate baseline for subsequent follow up. Diagnosis and subsequent management depends on the extent of main duct dilation and solid versus cystic appearance. Solid lesions are highly concerning for malignancy. Cystic lesions can be further categorized as intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas (IPMNs) or mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCNs), both of which harbour malignant potential, or as serous cystic neoplasms (SCNs) that are benign. In this paper, we summarize the major challenges related to PI and present pragmatic suggestions for management.
Fungal pathogens associated with pre‐ And postharvest fruit rots of mango in southern Iran
Authors: Goudarzi Azadeh , Samavi Siavash , Amiri Mazraie Mohsen , Majidi Zahra 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study aimed at identifying fungal pathogens causing pre‐ and postharvest fruit rots on local cultivars of mango (Mangifera indica L.) in the main mango‐growing regions of southern Iran. Mango fruits showing rot symptoms from commercial orchards were used for isolation of fungal species associated with preharvest fruit rots. Latent infections were assessed on intact healthy mango fruits which were surface‐disinfested and incubated in moist chambers at 25ºC. For evaluation of postharvest wound infections, intact healthy mango fruits were artificially wounded and incubated in moist chambers at 25ºC. In addition, fungal decays were assessed on intact healthy mango fruits stored at 13ºC for up to 4 weeks. Isolated fungi were identified based on morphological characteristics, as well as sequence data from the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. In addition, the sequence data inferred from translation elongation factor 1‐alpha (tef1) gene were used for determination of Fusarium species and Alternaria and Colletotrichum isolates were defined genetically based on multi‐gene sequencing. Accordingly, eight fungal species, including Alternaria alternata, Neofussicoccum mediterraneum, Aureobasidium melanogenum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium proliferatum, Xenoacremonium falcatus, F. verticillioides and Diaporthe phyllanthicola, were identified to associate with preharvest mango fruit rots. Fungi associated with latent infections, mostly stem‐end rots, included A. alternata, N. mediterraneum, C. gloeosporioides, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, F. proliferatum and A. melanogenum, and those associated with wound infections were A. alternata, N. mediterraneum, Penicillium spp. and Cladosporium spp. A. alternata was the only pathogen isolated from the fruits stored at low temperature. Pathogenicity of the selected isolates was demonstrated by fulfilling Koch's postulates.
Socioeconomic differences in food habits among 6‐ to 9‐year‐old children from 23 countries—WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI 2015/2017)
Authors: Fismen Anne‐Siri , Buoncristiano Marta , Williams Julianne , Helleve Arnfinn , Abdrakhmanova Shynar , Bakacs Márta , Bergh Ingunn Holden , Boymatova Khadichamo , Duleva Vesselka , Fijałkowska Anna , García‐Solano Marta , Gualtieri Andrea , Gutiérrez‐González Enrique , Hejgaard Tatjana , Huidumac‐Petrescu Constanta , Hyska Jolanda , Kelleher Cecily C. , Kierkegaard Lene , Kujundžić Enisa , Kunešová Marie , Milanović Sanja Musić , Nardone Paola , Nurk Eha , Ostojic Sergej M. , Ozcebe Lütfiye Hilal , Peterkova Valentina , Petrauskiene Ausra , Pudule Iveta , Rakhmatulleoeva Sanavbar , Rakovac Ivo , Rito Ana Isabel , Rutter Harry , Sacchini Elena , Stojisavljević Dragana , Farrugia Sant'Angelo Victoria , Shengelia Lela , Spinelli Angela , Spiroski Igor , Tanrygulyyeva Maya , Usupova Zhamilya , Weghuber Daniel , Breda João 
Published: July 2021

SummaryBackgroundSocioeconomic differences in children's food habits are a key public health concern. In order to inform policy makers, cross‐country surveillance studies of dietary patterns across socioeconomic groups are required. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between socioeconomic status (SES) and children's food habits.MethodsThe study was based on nationally representative data from children aged 6–9 years (n = 129,164) in 23 countries in the World Health Organization (WHO) European Region. Multivariate multilevel analyses were used to explore associations between children's food habits (consumption of fruit, vegetables, and sugar‐containing soft drinks) and parental education, perceived family wealth and parental employment status.ResultsOverall, the present study suggests that unhealthy food habits are associated with lower SES, particularly as assessed by parental education and family perceived wealth, but not parental employment status. We found cross‐national and regional variation in associations between SES and food habits and differences in the extent to which the respective indicators of SES were related to children's diet.ConclusionSocioeconomic differences in children's food habits exist in the majority of European and Asian countries examined in this study. The results are of relevance when addressing strategies, policy actions, and interventions targeting social inequalities in children's diets.
Stem bending generates electrical response in poplar
Authors: Tinturier Erwan , Badel Éric , Leblanc‐Fournier Nathalie , Julien Jean‐Louis 
Published: July 2021

AbstractUnder natural conditions, plants experience external mechanical stresses such as wind and touch that impact their growth. A remarkable feature of this mechanically induced growth response is that it may occur at a distance from the stimulation site, suggesting the existence of a signal propagating through the plant. In this study, we investigated the electrical response of poplar trees to a transient controlled bending stimulation of the stem that mimics the mechanical effect of wind. Stem bending was found to cause an electrical response that we called “gradual” potential, similar in shape to an action potential. However, this signal can be distinguished from the well‐known plant action potential by its propagation up to 20 cm along the stem and its strong dumping in velocity and amplitude. Two hypotheses regarding the mode of propagation of the “gradual” potential are discussed.