bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cuphea Seed Oil as a Potential Alternative Natural Source of Medium-chain Triglycerides used for Healthier Cooking Applications
Authors: Farag Rabie S. , Hashem Hanafy A. , Naser Abdelrahman , Mohamed Montaser A. 
Published: March 2021

Cuphea is a potential new oilseed crop for temperate regions of the USA.
It produces and stores in its seeds medium chain length fatty acids, which currently are derived commercially from seeds of tropical palms.
Cuphea seeds contain more than 30% of oil rich in medium-chain fatty acids, caprylic, capric, lauric, and myristic fatty acids (C8:0-C14:0). .
In this paper, we through the light on Cuphea seed oils as the only naturally cultivated seed oils that contain the most prominent Medium-chain triglycerides (MCT).
MCTs oils are trended in the last 20 years as the healthier dietary oil which is essentially nontoxic, noncarcinogenic, and nonmutagenic for human consumption. MCTs are readily hydrolyzed by digestive enzymes, and the fatty acid end products are rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream [1]. The gross energy content of MCTs is 8.3 kcal/g vs 9 kcal/g for fat or Long-chain triglycerides oils (LCTs oils).
The objective of this study was to introduce to the global edible oils industries an innovative potential natural healthier edible oil which contains that majority of its triglyceride compositions is based on medium-chain glycerides (MCT) with avoiding any chemical conversion process to get the MCT rich oils from tropical oils. It will be a basis for a lot of further researches to make its characteristics fulfilling all other nutritional and application needs of healthy cooking applications better than conventional seed or tropical oils.
Access to Primary Education of Remote Transmigration Community (A Case in Pohuwato Regency, Indonesia)
Authors: Wahyuddin Naufal Ilma , Lahaji . , Yasin Zohra , Obie Muhammad 
Published: March 2021

This study analyzed access to primary education of transmigration community in remote areas. It was related to the availability of primary education facilities and infrastructure, besides the efforts of parents in encouraging their children to pursue an education. It was also related to the perception of the young generation towards the importance of education and the primary education level achievements for the transmigration community, as well as the existing primary education problems and its solutions. Researchers collected data through observation, interviews, focused group discussions, and literature studies. The results showed that the education facilities in the transmigration community were sufficient. Parents made several attempts to encourage their children to go to school. Parents gave advice, showed examples of success, provided all the children's school needs, freed children for working in the garden, followed the child's school information, and gave gifts. The researchers found that the perception of the young generation of the importance of education was quite positive. The achievement of primary education in the transmigration community was quite adequate. Nevertheless, its implementation in the transmigration community still faced several problems, namely the limited availability of teachers, inadequate road transportation access, limited library access, and insufficient lighting. The problem solving that exists the involvement of various stakeholders, both local governments, schools, and the community.
First Record of Pseudotolithus senegallus (Cuvier, 1830) in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Akel Elsayed H. Kh. 
Published: March 2021

This article firstly records Pseudotolithus senegallus (Cuvier, 1830) species in the Mediterranean Sea. juvenile specimen of Pseudotolithus senegallus (Cuvier, 1830) with total length 15.5 cm and total weight 37 g, was obtained by experimental bottom trawling using commercial bottom trawler (stretched mesh size: 15 mm; duration time: four hours; location: east of Suez Canal main stream in the Mediterranean, off Port Said). Opercle lining jet black, showing through a dark blotch externally. Axils of pectoral-fin base dark, distal portion of caudal fin darkish whereas anal and pelvic fins are yellowish. Gas bladder with a pair of arborescent appendages, dividing into short anterior branches and a dozen or so long tubular posterior appendages along sides of bladder beyond its tip. I suggest the method of introduction to the Mediterranean waters is ballast water of ships as it is recorded only from Mauritania to Angola on the western coast of Africa.
Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Students at the University of Ibadan in Nigeria
Authors: Adewale Boluwatife Adeleye , Adeniyi Yetunde Celia , Adeniyi Oluwadamilola Adeola , Ojediran Blessing Comfort , Aremu Peter Seyi , Odeyemi Olubunmi Emmanuel , Akintayo Abiodun David , Oluwadamilare Faith Anuoluwapo , Offorbuike Chiamaka Bianca , Owoeye Iseoluwa Philip 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has necessitated the implementation of public health measures including social distancing, quarantine, and lockdown. Nigerian public universities have been closed since March 2020 after the viral outbreak. This study was carried out in order to investigate the psychological impact of COVID-19 on undergraduate students.
Methods: The study was carried out among students of the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan. Study participants were recruited by snowballing sampling technique and data collection was via online self-administered questionnaires. The questionnaire was adapted from the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and the Revised Impact of Event Scale (IES-R) to determine scores for depression, anxiety, stress and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Results: There were 322 participants with a median age of 22.4 (IQR = 20.5-24.2) years. Psychological impact was mild to moderate in 20.2%, and severe in 19.6%. Depression was mild to moderate in 19.3%, severe to extremely severe in 5.3%. Anxiety was mild to moderate in 10.3%, severe to extremely severe in 7.5%. Stress was mild to moderate in 16.4%, severe to extremely severe in 2.2%. Factors associated (p < 0.05) with increased levels of depression, anxiety, stress and PTSD include increase in time spent on social media, TV and movies, sleep duration, and decrease in physical activity.
Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant changes for Nigerian university students. Two-fifth of them reported PTSD symptoms; one-fourth reported depression; about one-fifth reported anxiety and stress. Students need psychosocial support to help them cope with and to effectively adapt to the changes caused by the pandemic.
Prevalence of Hirsutism among Females with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Hyperthyrodism at Tertiary Care Hospital of Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Huma Ambreen , Qazi Maryam , Pathan Nusrat Fozia , Malik Durr-e-Shahwar , Metlo Marvi , Jamali Anwar Ali , Samtio Saima , Sultana Razia , Ahmed Tahseen , Ahmer Arslan 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Hirsutism is in fact unwanted growth of hairs on the various parts of body of females. Hairs arises particularly on those parts of the body on which hairs are not grown normally in females such as chin, upper lips, abdomen, legs, shoulder and back of the body. Various reasons are reported till so far for the hirsutism development. The prevalence of hirsutism was very low.
Methodology: Across-sectional study was conducted at tertiary care hospital of Sindh, Pakisan for the period of 06 months. A well structured questionnaire was developed comprises on three parts. Which was given to the female students and all the participants were guided regarding filling of that proforma and Ferriman-Gallway scale was used to measure the frequency parameters of Hirsutism.
Results: The condition of hirsutism was found among 183 participants, the distribution of hairs was quite different in all selected study subjects. 26 females had hairs on chin, 154 females had hair grown on upper lips, 24 females had hairs on lower abdomen, 13 had hairs on upper abdomen, 11 participants had hairs on arms and legs whereas only 04 girls had hair grown on their shoulders and back of the body. As far as their family background is concern 41 females were belongs to upper class, 117 females belongs to middle class while 25 females were belonging to lower class families.
Conclusion: The prevalence of hirsutism was very much common among the females with the associated condition of Idiopathic hirsutism (53%), pulmonary chronic obstructive diseases (31.5%) and Acanthosis nigricans was the most widely recognized cutaneous finding related with hirsutism.
Beta‐2‐Glycoprotein‐I Deficiency Could Precipitate an Antiphospholipid Syndrome‐like Prothrombotic Situation in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Serrano Manuel , Espinosa Gerard , Lalueza Antonio , Bravo‐Gallego Luz Yadira , Diaz‐Simón Raquel , Garcinuño Sara , Gil‐Etayo Javier , Moises Jorge , Naranjo Laura , Prieto‐González Sergio , Ruiz‐Ortiz Estibaliz , Sánchez Beatriz , Moreno‐Castaño Ana Belen , Díaz‐Pedroche Carmen , Viñas‐Gomis Odette , Cervera Ricard , Serrano Antonio ,   the APS‐COVID 19 Study Group/European Forum on Antiphospholipid Antibodies
Published: March 2021

ObjectivePatients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) present coagulation abnormalities and thromboembolic events that resemble antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). This work has aimed to study the prevalence of APS‐related antigens, antibodies, and immune complexes in patients with COVID‐19 and their association with clinical events.MethodsA prospective study was conducted on 474 adults with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection hospitalized in two Spanish university hospitals. Patients were evaluated for classic and extra‐criteria antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs), immunoglobulin G (IgG)/immunoglobulin M (IgM) anticardiolipin, IgG/IgM/immunoglobulin A (IgA) anti‐β2‐glicoprotein‐I (aβ2GPI), IgG/IgM antiphosphatidylserine/prothrombin (aPS/PT), the immune complex of IgA aβ2GPI (IgA‐aβ2GPI), bounded to β2‐glicoprotein‐1 (β2GPI) and β2GPI levels soon after COVID‐19 diagnosis and were followed‐up until medical discharge or death.ResultsPrevalence of aPLs in patients with COVID‐19 was as follows: classic aPLs, 5.8%; aPS/PT, 4.6%; IgA‐aβ2GPI, 15%; and any aPL, 21%. When patients were compared with individuals of a control group of a similar age, the only significant difference found was the higher prevalence of IgA‐aβ2GPI (odds ratio: 2.31; 95% confidence interval: 1.16‐4.09). No significant differences were observed in survival, thrombosis, or ventilatory failure in aPL‐positive versus aPL‐negative patients. β2GPI median levels were much lower in patients with COVID‐19 (15.9 mg/l) than in blood donors (168.8 mg/l; P < 0.001). Only 3.5% of patients with COVID‐19 had normal levels of β2GPI (>85 mg/l). Low levels of β2GPI were significantly associated with ventilatory failure (P = 0.026).Conclusionβ2GPI levels were much lower in patients with COVID‐19 than in healthy people. Low β2GPI‐levels were associated with ventilatory failure. No differences were observed in the COVID‐19 evolution between aPL‐positive and aPL‐negative patients. Functional β2GPI deficiency could trigger a clinical process similar to that seen in APS but in the absence of aPLs.
Robust fault estimation and fault‐tolerant tracking control for uncertain Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy systems: Application to single link manipulator
Authors: Makni Salama , Bouattour Maha , El Hajjaji Ahmed , Chaabane Mohamed 
Published: March 2021

SummaryThis article concerns the estimation and tracking control problems for Takagi–Sugeno systems with disturbances and norm bounded uncertainties in presence of sensor and actuator faults (SAF). First, we propose a robust fuzzy observer (RFO) design method to estimate both state and SAF for the considered class of the nonlinear systems. Then, this RFO‐based fault tolerant tracking control is developed not only to compensate the SAF effects but also to ensure the state convergence to desired trajectories in spite of their presence. To reduce the conservatism of design conditions, observer and controller gains are calculated in a single step by solving a set of linear matrix inequality constraints. H∞ criterion is used to attenuate disturbance effects and to reduce the tracking error. Finally, simulation results by considering two types of actuator fault and comparative study on a single link flexible joint manipulator are provided to underline the performances of the mentioned process.
Ambient Stable and Efficient Monolithic Tandem Perovskite/PbS Quantum Dots Solar Cells via Surface Passivation and Light Management Strategies
Authors: Tavakoli Mohammad Mahdi , Dastjerdi Hadi Tavakoli , Yadav Pankaj , Prochowicz Daniel , Si Huayan , Tavakoli Rouhollah 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHere, highly efficient and stable monolithic (2‐terminal (2T)) perovskite/PbS quantum dots (QDs) tandem solar cells are reported, where the perovskite solar cell (PSC) acts as the front cell and the PbS QDs device with a narrow bandgap acts as the back cell. Specifically, ZnO nanowires (NWs) passivated by SnO2 are employed as an electron transporting layer for PSC front cell, leading to a single cell PSC with maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.15%, which is the most efficient NWs‐based PSCs in the literature. By surface passivation of PbS QDs by CdCl2, QD devices with an improved open‐circuit voltage and a PCE of 8.46% (bandgap of QDs: 0.92 eV) are achieved. After proper optimization, 2T and 4T tandem devices with stabilized PCEs of 17.1% and 21.1% are achieved, respectively, where the 2T tandem device shows the highest efficiency reported in the literature for this design. Interestingly, the 2T tandem cell shows excellent operational stability over 500 h under continuous illumination with only 6% PCE loss. More importantly, this device without any packaging depicts impressive ambient stability (almost no change) after 70 days in an environment with controlled 65% relative humidity, thanks to the superior air stability of the PbS QDs.
Patterning Liquid Crystalline Organic Semiconductors via Inkjet Printing for High‐Performance Transistor Arrays and Circuits
Authors: Fang Xiaochen , Shi Jialin , Zhang Xiujuan , Ren Xiaobin , Lu Bei , Deng Wei , Jie Jiansheng , Zhang Xiaohong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLiquid crystalline (LC) organic semiconductors having long‐range‐ordered LC phases hold great application potential in organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs). However, to meet real device application requirements, it is a prerequisite to precisely pattern the LC film at desired positions. Here, a facile method that combines the technique of inkjet printing and melt processing to fabricate patterned LC film for achieving high‐performance organic integrated circuits is demonstrated. Inkjet printing controls the deposition locations of the LC materials, while the melt processing implements phase transition of the LC materials to form high‐quality LC films with large grain sizes. This approach enables to achieve patterned growth of high‐quality 2,7‐dioctyl[1]‐benzothieno[3,2‐b][1]benzothiophene (C8‐BTBT) LC films. The patterned C8‐BTBT LC film‐based 7 × 7 OFET array has 100% die yield and shows high average mobility of 6.31 cm2 V−1 s−1, along with maximum mobility up to 9.33 cm2 V−1 s−1. As a result, the inverters based on the patterned LC films reach a high gain up to 23.75 as well as an ultrahigh noise margin over 81.3%. Given the good generality of the patterning process and the high quality of the resulting films, the proposed method paves the way for high‐performance organic integrated devices.
Recent Progress of Alkyl Radicals Generation‐Based Agents for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Lee Ka‐Wai , Wan Yingpeng , Li Xiaozhen , Cui Xiao , Li Shengliang , Lee Chun‐Sing 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is extensively explored for anticancer and antibacterial applications. It typically relies on oxygen‐dependent generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to realize its killing effect. This type of therapy modality shows compromised therapeutic results for treating hypoxic tumors or bacteria‐infected wounds. Recently, alkyl radicals attracted much attention as they can be generated from some azo‐based initiators only under mild heat stimulus without oxygen participation. Many nanocarriers or hydrogel systems have been developed to load and deliver these radical initiators to lesion sites for theranostics. These systems show good anticancer or antimicrobial effect in hypoxic environment and some of them possess specific imaging abilities providing precise guidance for treatment. This review summarizes the developed materials that aim at treating hypoxic cancer and bacteria‐infected wound by using this kind of oxygen‐irrelevant alkyl radicals. Based on the carrier components, these agents are divided into three groups: inorganic, organic, as well as inorganic and organic hybrid carrier‐based therapeutic systems. The construction of these agents and their specific advantages in biomedical field are highlighted. Finally, the existing problems and future promising development directions are discussed.
Dual‐Cues Laden Scaffold Facilitates Neurovascular Regeneration and Motor Functional Recovery After Complete Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Liu Dingyang , Shen He , Shen Yeyu , Long Ge , He Xinghui , Zhao Yannan , Yang Zhiquan , Dai Jianwu , Li Xing 
Published: March 2021

AbstractComplete transection spinal cord injury (SCI) severely disrupts the integrity of both neural circuits and the microvasculature system. Hence, fabricating a functional bio‐scaffold that could coordinate axonal regeneration and vascular reconstruction in the lesion area may emerge as a new paradigm for complete SCI repair. In this study, a photosensitive hydrogel scaffold loaded with collagen‐binding stromal cell‐derived factor‐1a and Taxol liposomes is capable of inducing migration of endothelial cells and promoting neurite outgrowth of neurons in vitro. In addition, when implanted into a rat T8 complete transection SCI model, the above dual‐cues laden scaffold exhibits a synergistic effect on facilitating axon and vessel regeneration in the lesion area within 10 days after injury. Moreover, long‐term therapeutic effects are also observed after dual‐cues laden scaffold implantation, including revascularization, descending and propriospinal axonal regeneration, fibrotic scar reduction, electrophysiological recovery, and motor function improvement. In summary, the dual‐cues laden scaffold has good clinical application potential for patients with severe SCI.
Reversible Protonation of Porphyrinic Metal‐Organic Frameworks Embedded in Nanoporous Polydimethylsiloxane for Colorimetric Sensing
Authors: Sousaraei Ahmad , Queirós Carla , Moscoso Francisco G. , Silva Ana M. G. , Lopes‐Costa Tânia , Pedrosa José M. , Cunha‐Silva Luís , Cabanillas‐Gonzalez Juan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA fast and reversible switch between the neutral and protonated porphyrin forms inside a pliable porphyrinic metal–organic framework (MOF), enabled by reversible structural deformation is unveiled. This phenomenon is applied for the development of MOF‐polymer porous composites to reveal biogenic amines by color changes.
Electron‐Irradiation Promoted Exchange Reaction as a Tool for Surface Engineering and Chemical Lithography
Authors: Terfort Andreas , Zharnikov Michael 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSelf‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) can serve as versatile resist/template materials for surface engineering and electron beam lithography (EBL), making possible a new type of lateral patterning: chemical lithography (CL). Whereas CL has been well established for aromatic SAMs, it is hardly possible for aliphatic monolayers, because of extensive irradiation‐induced damage excluding selective modification of specific chemical groups. Turning this drawback into an advantage, the irradiation‐promoted exchange reaction approach is developed, which is described in detail in the present review. The key idea of the approach is tuning the extent of the exchange reaction between a primary aliphatic SAM covering the substrate and a potential molecular substituent, which is capable of building a SAM on the same support, by electron irradiation. The major advantages of the approach are low irradiation doses (≤1 mC cm−2) and flexible choice of SAM‐forming molecules, with a broad pool available commercially. Consequently, a large variety of binary SAMs with controlled compositions can be prepared and, in combination with EBL, complex chemical patterns can be fabricated, serving in particular as templates for subsequent area‐selective chemical reactions, surface‐initiated polymerization, attachment of nanoparticles, non‐specific and specific proteins adsorption, and growth of 3D DNA nanostructures.
Fold‐Sensitive Visible Fluorescence in β‐Sheet Peptide Structures
Authors: Apter Boris , Lapshina Nadezda , Lapsker Igor , Handelman Amir , Accardo Antonella , Diaferia Carlo , Morelli Giancarlo , Rosenman Gil 
Published: March 2021

AbstractFluorescence (FL) is a basic optical phenomenon that is widely used in molecular spectroscopy, high‐resolution microscopy, and bioimaging. It has exciting and emission spectra defined by an electronic structure of particular fluorochrome molecules. In this work, another type of FL is investigated. This FL phenomenon is observed both in biological amyloid and bioinspired amyloidogenic assemblies, folded into specific biomolecular β‐sheet secondary structure. A fine mechanism of this fold‐sensitive FL effect, arising at the earliest stages of seeding and nucleation of β‐sheet nanofibers, and its growth under thermally activated conformational refolding of helical to β‐sheet state in bioinspired ultrashort peptide structures are studied. This FL effect demonstrates different properties compared to the classical FL from non‐folded biomolecules or molecular dyes. Its excitation and emission spectra are similar in any β‐sheet peptide/protein assemblies irrespective of their biochemical composition, primary structure, and origin. It is shown that this fold‐sensitive FL effect exhibits a wideband spectrum, covering the entire visible region (400–650 nm), high quantum yield, and tunable FL wavelength. This research paves the way for advanced FL optical nanomaterials, for new methods of bioimaging and diagnostics as well as for the development of biocompatible nanoscale FL sources.
Non‐Toxic Glycosylated Gold Nanoparticle‐Amphotericin B Conjugates Reduce Biofilms and Intracellular Burden of Fungi and Parasites
Authors: Ghosh Chandradhish , Varela‐Aramburu Silvia , Eldesouky Hassan E. , Salehi Hossainy Sharareh , Seleem Mohamed N. , Aebischer Toni , Seeberger Peter H. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractInfections by intracellular pathogens cause significant morbidity and mortality due to lack of efficient drug delivery. Amphotericin B, currently used to treat leishmaniasis and cryptococcosis, is very toxic and cannot eradicate intracellular Cryptococcus neoformans (C. neoformans). Glycosylated gold nanoparticles are water dispersible and biocompatible with very little toxicity. While amphotericin B is insoluble in water at neutral pH, conjugates of amphotericin B and ultra‐small gold nanoparticles (AuNP) are better dispersible in water. Amphotericin B conjugated glycosylated gold nanoparticles (AmpoB@AuNP) are more efficacious in treating both extracellular and intracellular forms of Leishmania mexicana (L. mexicana) than amphotericin B alone. In addition, AmpoB@AuNP are effective in reducing C. neoformans biofilms by 80% and intracellular C. neoformans burden by >90%. Furthermore, AmpoB@AuNP are not haemolytic at 50 µg mL−1 and are significantly less toxic to murine macrophages than amphotericin B. Ultra‐small AuNPs are attractive delivery agents to treat intracellular infections and AmpoB@AuNP may be useful for treating C. neoformans infections in immunocompromised patients.