bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interfacial anisotropic exciton-polariton manifolds in ReS2
Authors: Chakrabarty Devarshi , Dhara Avijit , Ghosh Kritika , Pattanayak Aswini K , Mukherjee Shreyashi , Chaudhuri Ayan Roy , Dhara Sajal 
Published: October 2021

Light–matter coupling in van der Waal’s materials holds significant promise in realizing bosonic condensation and superfluidity. The underlying semiconductor’s crystal asymmetry, if any, can be utilized to form anisotropic half-light half-matter quasiparticles. We demonstrate generation of such highly anisotropic exciton-polaritons at the interface of a biaxial layered semiconductor, stacked on top of a distributed Bragg reflector. The spatially confined photonic mode in this geometry couples with polarized excitons and their Rydberg states, creating a system of highly anisotropic polariton manifolds, displaying Rabi splitting of up to 68 meV. Rotation of the incident beam polarization is used to tune coupling strength and smoothly switch regimes from weak to strong coupling, while also enabling transition from one three-body coupled oscillator system to another. Light–matter coupling is further tunable by varying the number of weakly coupled optically active layers. Our work provides a versatile method of engineering devices for applications in polarization-controlled polaritonics and optoelectronics.
Synthesis and functionalization of glucan dendrimer, and its application as a drug delivery system carrier
Authors: Yanase Michiyo , Kuriki Takashi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Glycogen is a natural polysaccharide with a dendrimer structure, in which glucose is frequently branched and polymerized. Functionalizing the numerous non-reducing ends on the molecular surface of glycogen could be expected to enable its use in various fields. We developed a method for enzymatically synthesizing a suitable form of glycogen from sucrose by using sucrose phosphorylase and branching enzyme, both of which belong to the α-amylase family, as well as glucan phosphorylase. We refer to this enzymatically synthesized glycogen as the glucan dendrimer (GD). We then selectively modified the non-reducing ends on the surface of GD particles by using the reaction of glucan phosphorylase with various hexose 1-phosphates. Modifying the non-reducing ends of GD with glucuronic acid or glucosamine added negative and positive charges to the GD particles. In addition, we found that glucuronic acid and/or glucosamine residues at the non-reducing ends can be used to covalently conjugate functional substances, such as sugar chains, proteins, and peptides to the surface of GD particles. GD and modification of its non-reducing ends represent versatile platforms for pharmaceutical applications of polysaccharides.
Optimized extraction of polyphenols from leaves of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) grown in Lam Dong province, Vietnam, and evaluation of their antioxidant capacity
Authors: Nguyen-Kim Minh-Tam , Truong Quoc-Cuong , Nguyen Minh-Thuy , Cao-Thi Bich-Hang , Tong Thanh-Danh , Dao Tan Phat , Tran Thien Hien , Van Tan Lam , Le Xuan-Tien 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In the present study, the optimized solvent extraction conditions with regards to the total polyphenol content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity of rosemary leaf extract (RLE) were determined. The one-factor-at-a-time method was used to independently investigate the effect of several extraction parameters, including ethanol concentration (0–100% v/v), extraction temperature (50–80°C), extraction period (15–60 min), material–solvent ratio (1:5–1:10 g/mL), and extraction cycles (1, 2, and 3 times) on polyphenol content. Response surface methodology (RSM), in combination with a central composite design, was used to perform optimization. The following optimal conditions that gave maximal TPC were determined and experimentally verified: ethanol concentration of 65% (v/v), extraction temperature of 65°C, material–solvent ratio of 1:7.5 g/mL, extraction time of 15 min, and 2 cycles of extraction. These parameters corresponded with the TPC yield of 87.42 ± 0.25 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dried feed material (mg GAE/g DW). The optimal conditions gave a high extraction yield (337 ± 6 mg dried extract/g dried feed material) with 197.28 ± 3.11 mg GAE/g dried extract. The estimated models were strongly significant (p < 0.05) for TPC values with significant regression coefficients (R
2) of 0.9979. The obtained RLE was supposed to be the top grade of natural antioxidant with the IC50 (DPPH assays) value of 9.4 ± 0.1 μg/mL, which is higher than that of the vitamin C by just three times (IC50 = 3.2 ± 0.1 μg/mL). Current results justify RLE as a potential agent in food preservation applications.
Rank functions on triangulated categories
Authors: Chuang Joseph , Lazarev Andrey 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We introduce the notion of a rank function on a triangulated category

𝒞

{\mathcal{C}}

which generalizes the Sylvester
rank function in the case when

𝒞
=

𝖯𝖾𝗋𝖿
⁢

(
A
)

{\mathcal{C}=\mathsf{Perf}(A)}

is the perfect derived category of a ring A. We show that rank functions are closely related
to functors into simple triangulated categories and classify
Verdier quotients into simple triangulated categories in terms of particular rank functions called localizing.
If

𝒞
=

𝖯𝖾𝗋𝖿
⁢

(
A
)

{\mathcal{C}=\mathsf{Perf}(A)}

as above, localizing rank functions also classify
finite homological epimorphisms from A into differential graded skew-fields or, more generally, differential graded Artinian rings. To establish these results, we develop the theory of derived localization of differential graded algebras at thick subcategories of their perfect derived categories. This is a far-reaching generalization of Cohn’s matrix localization of rings and has independent interest.
Aspherical manifolds, Mellin transformation and a question of Bobadilla–Kollár
Authors: Liu Yongqiang , Maxim Laurenţiu , Wang Botong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In their paper from 2012, Bobadilla and Kollár studied topological conditions which guarantee that a proper map of complex algebraic varieties is a topological or differentiable fibration. They also asked whether a certain finiteness property on the relative covering space can imply that a proper map is a fibration. In this paper, we answer positively the integral homology version of their question in the case of abelian varieties, and the rational homology version in the case of compact ball quotients. We also propose several conjectures in relation to the Singer–Hopf conjecture in the complex projective setting.
A dialogue on / In performance philosophy
Authors: Maoilearca Laura Cull Ó , Tartaglia James 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This dialogue was produced by an email exchange, with each email limited to 200 words. The exchange took place between 21 January and 9 June, 2021. No edits were allowed once ‘send’ had been pressed and there was to be no other correspondence between the participants for the duration of the dialogue. The Call for Papers for this special issue of Human Affairs was the starting point and there was no other pre-planning.
The narrative element of philosophy
Authors: Bencivenga Ermanno 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A narrative element is essential to philosophy, because nothing gets going in it without some vision, some story about what the world, or the subject, is like. The argumentative element can only structure the story from the inside; it can never prove it true. And, whatever clarification arguments provide for the story, the latter remains in all its ambiguous glory, ready to originate new arguments and to spawn new visions.
Philosophy and the visual arts: Illustration and performance
Authors: O’Brien Dan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this paper I distinguish between illustrative and performative uses of artworks in the teaching and communication of philosophy, drawing examples from the history of art and my own practice. The former are where works are used merely to illustrate and communicate a philosophical idea or argument, the latter are where the artist or teacher philosophizes through the creation of art. I hope to promote future collaboration between philosophers, art historians and artists, with artworks becoming catalysts for artistic-philosophical investigation, thus revitalizing the idea of universities embodying ongoing and open-ended conversations.
Evaluation of effect of synthesis parameters on the morphology of nano-structures of magnesium oxide coated with carbon
Authors: Warmeling Duarte Glaucea , Lopes Colpani Gustavo , Luiz Silva Luciano , Soares Cíntia , Antônio Fiori Márcio , Gracher Riella Humberto 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this study, the influence of the synthesis parameters on the microstructural properties of nanoparticles of magnesium oxide coated with carbon was investigated. The nanostructures were produced in a one-step synthesis procedure, following a sol-gel method, and the effects of the molar ratio between magnesium nitrate and glucose, the temperature and the dripping time on the morphology of the nanostructures formed were analyzed. The results indicate that an increase in carbon concentration, synthesis temperature around 60 °C and 4 h of dripping time favor the formation of small agglomerates of nanoparticles with greater carbon coating homogeneity. In general, high synthesis temperatures favor the kinetic aspects of crystallization and produce nanostructures with a larger crystallite size. On the other hand, altering the dripping time was not efficient in changing the morphology of the nanostructures obtained. In addition, increasing the carbon concentration favors the formation of structures with small surface area and pore volume.
Thermophysical properties of the TiAl-2Cr-2Nb alloy in the liquid phase measured with an electromagnetic levitation device on board the International Space Station, ISS-EML
Authors: Wunderlich Rainer K. , Mohr Markus , Dong Yue , Hecht Ulrike , M. Matson Douglas , Hyers Robert , Bracker Gwendolyn , Lee Jonghyun , Schneider Stephan , Xiao Xiao , Fecht Hans-Jörg 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Thermophysical properties of the γ-TiAl alloy Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Ni in the liquid phase were investigated with a containerless electromagnetic processing device on board the International Space Station. Containerless processing is warranted by the high liquidus temperature T
liq = 1 776 K and the high dissolution reactivity in the liquid phase. Thermophysical properties investigated include the surface tension and viscosity, density, specific heat capacity and the electrical resistivity. The experiments were supported by magnetohydrodynamic fluid flow calculations. The Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Ni alloy could be stably processed over extended times in the stable and undercooled liquid phase and exhibited an exceptional degree of undercooling before solidification. Experimental processes and thermophysical properties so obtained will be described. The experiments demonstrate the broad experimental capabilities of the electromagnetic processing facility on the International Space Station for thermophysical investigations in the liquid phase of metallic alloys not achievable by other methods.
Design of a novel HSLA steel with a combination of high strength (140–160 ksi) and excellent toughness
Authors: Nezhad Mehdi Soltan Ali , Ghazvinian Sadegh , Amirsalehi Mahmoud , Momeni Amir 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Three steels were designed based on HSLA-100 with additional levels of Mn, Ni, Cr and Cu. The steels were prepared by controlled rolling and tempered at temperatures in range of 550–700°C. The continuous cooling time curves were shifted to longer times and lower temperatures with the increased tendency for the formation of martensite at lower cooling rates. The microstructures revealed that controlled rolling results in austenite with uniform fine grain structure. The steel with the highest amount of Mn showed the greatest strength after tempering at 750 °C. The top strength was attributed to the formation of Cu-rich particles. The steel with 1.03 wt.% Mn, tempered at 650 °C exhibited the best Charpy impact toughness at –85°C. On the other hand, the steel that contained 2.11 wt.% Mn and tempered at 700 °C showed the highest yield strength of 1 097.5 MPa (∼159 ksi) and an impact toughness of 41.6 J at –85°C.
Investigation of Iranian and Turkish English language teachers’ views, perspectives and experiences of teaching cultural content in English courses
Authors: Azimzadeh Yiğit Monireh , Özkan Yonca 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Nowadays, English has been considered as an International language or a Lingua Franca as a result of its widespread use among non-native speakers. English now is spoken by various people with different languages and diverse cultures. Thus, learners need to know the culture of different people of various countries. As stated by Cortazzi, M., & Jin, L. (1999). Cultural mirrors: Materials and methods in the EFL classroom. In E. Hinkel (Ed.), Culture in second language teaching (pp. 196–219). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, learners should have knowledge about source culture, target culture, and international culture. In this regard, teachers have a great responsibility in including cultural content in their English language classes. Therefore, the main purpose of this pilot study during Azimzadeh’s PhD journey (Azimzadeh, M. (Unpublished). Representation of cultural elements in EFL textbooks used in Iranian EFL high schools [PhD dissertation]. Adana, Turkey: Cukurova University) is to investigate Iranian and Turkish English language teachers’ views, perspectives, and experiences of teaching cultural content in their English language classes. This study was conducted as a mixed-method design. The data collection was done by using a questionnaire and an interview. The questionnaire which was used in this study adopted from CULTNET project (a network of researchers of inter-culture in foreign language education), Byram and Risager’s projects, and Cortazzi and Jin’s (1999) three cultural sources. Participants of this study were 16 teachers who were teaching English language in high schools in Iran and Turkey. The data collected from questionnaires and interviews were analysed by using a series of descriptive statistics and interviews were analysed by using thematic analysis (Creswell, J. W. (2003). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed method approaches. London: Sage Publications, Inc). The findings of this study have indicated that both Iranian and Turkish teachers were aware of the importance of teaching culture in their English language classes. They generally claimed that culture was important in language classes and the cultural subjects should be taught in English language classes.
Toward white light emission from plasmonic-luminescent hybrid nanostructures
Authors: Gomez-Rodriguez Pilar , Soria Esther , Jin Yu , Caño Andrés , Llorente Irene , Cuadrado Alexander , Mariscal-Jiménez Antonio , Petford-Long Amanda K. , Serna Rosalía , Gonzalo José 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We study the light emission of plasmonic-luminescent hybrid nanostructures consisting of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in europium oxide (EuOX). The Ag NPs present a bidimensional organization in the nanostructures and they optically behave as oblate spheroids. The photoluminescence (PL) spectral response of the nanostructures evolves from a narrow red emission characteristic of Eu3+ ions in absence of Ag NPs to a broad blue-green emission band associated with Eu2+ ions when the layer of Ag NPs is present. This behavior is not related to a change in the Eu2+/Eu3+ ratio, which is verified by compositional analysis. Instead, a detailed investigation of the PL emission of the nanostructures suggests that the coupling of the Ag NPs to the Eu2+ ions present in the EuOX layer, which manifests itself in an efficient sensitization of these ions, enhances their broad visible emission. In particular, the longitudinal mode of the Ag NPs surface plasmon is considered to be responsible for the efficient energy transfer for the non-normal incidence excitation PL configuration used. Finally, the use of a capping amorphous Al2O3 layer allows improving the robustness of hybrid nanostructures and further enhances their PL emission. These findings provide a new path to actively control the selective excitation of Eu2+ and Eu3+ ions via a controlled coupling with the surface plasmon resonance modes of the Ag NPs and points to these nanostructures as promising building blocks for the development of integrable white light sources.
Waveguide Schottky photodetector with tunable barrier based on Ti3C2T
x
/p-Si van der Waals heterojunction
Authors: Yang Changming , Qin Shiyu , Zuo Yan , Shi Yang , Bie Tong , Shao Ming , Yu Yu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
MXene, a new advanced two-dimensional material, has attracted great attention in energy storage, transparent electrodes, and electromagnetic shielding due to its high conductivity, high specific surface area, and hydrophilic surface. Given the solution-processability and tunable work function, MXene also holds great potential for wide-range photodetection and integrated optics. Here, we demonstrate a waveguide integrated Schottky photodetector based on Ti3C2T
x
/Si van der Waals heterojunction. Specifically, the barrier of the Schottky photodetector can be adjusted by using simple surface treatment. The work function of the Ti3C2T
x
is reduced from 4.66 to 4.43 eV after vacuum annealing, and the barrier height of Ti3C2T
x
/p-Si Schottky junction is correspondingly increased from 0.64 to 0.72 eV, leading to 215 nm working wavelength blue-shift. The photodetector exhibits working wavelength tunability in short-wavelength infrared regions due to the engineered Schottky barrier. To our best knowledge, this is the first demonstration of utilizing MXene in waveguide-integrated photodetection, showing the potential applications for various scenarios thanks to the flexible working wavelength range induced by the tunable barrier.
COVID-19 and the 1918 influenza pandemics: a concise overview and lessons from the past
Authors: Asghar Madiha , Din Misbahud , Waris Abdul , Yasin Muhammad Talha , Zohra Tanzeel , Zia Muhammad 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), was first reported in December, 2019, in Wuhan, China. Even the public health sector experts could not anticipate that the virus would spread rapidly to create the worst worldwide crisis in more than a century. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a public health emergency on January 30, 2020, but it was not until March 11, 2020 that the WHO declared it a global pandemic. The epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 is different from the SARS coronavirus outbreak in 2002 and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in 2012; therefore, neither SARS nor MERS could be used as a suitable model for foreseeing the future of the current pandemic. The influenza pandemic of 1918 could be referred to in order to understand and control the COVID-19 pandemic. Although influenza and the SARS-CoV-2 are from different families of viruses, they are similar in that both silently attacked the world and the societal and political responses to both pandemics have been very much alike. Previously, the 1918 influenza pandemic and unpredictability of the second wave caused distress among people as the first wave of that outbreak (so-called Spanish flu) proved to be relatively mild compared to a much worse second wave, followed by smaller waves. As of April, 2021, the second wave of COVID-19 has occurred around the globe, and future waves may also be expected, if the total population of the world is not vaccinated. This article aims to highlight the key similarities and differences in both pandemics. Similarly, lessons from the previous pan-demics and various possibilities for the future course of COVID-19 are also highlighted.
The ternary platinides CaGa5Pt3 and EuGa5Pt3
Authors: Bönnighausen Judith , Seidel Stefan , Klenner Steffen , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The ternary platinides CaGa5Pt3 (a = 2082.5(4), b = 406.05(8), c = 739.2(1) pm) and EuGa5Pt3 (a = 2085.5(5), b = 412.75(9), c = 738.7(1) pm) were synthesized from the elements in sealed high-melting metal tubes in an induction furnace. CaGa5Pt3 and EuGa5Pt3 are isotypic with CeAl5Pt3 and isopointal with the YNi5Si3 type intermetallic phases (space group Pnma, oP36 and Wyckoff sequence c
9). The structure of EuGa5Pt3 was refined from single crystal X-ray diffractometer data: wR2 = 0.0443, 1063 F
2 values and 56 variables. The gallium and platinum atoms build up a three-dimensional [Ga5Pt3]2− polyanionic network in which the europium atoms fill slightly distorted hexagonal prismatic voids. The Ga–Pt distances within the network range from 249 to 271 pm, emphasizing the covalent bonding character. Temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate diamagnetism for CaGa5Pt3 and isotypic BaGa5Pt3. EuGa5Pt3 behaves like a Curie–Weiss paramagnet above 50 K with an experimental magnetic moment of 8.17(1) µB/Eu atom, indicating divalent europium. Antiferromagnetic ordering sets in at T
N = 8.5(1) K. The divalent ground state of europium is confirmed by 151Eu Mössbauer spectroscopy. EuGa5Pt3 shows a single signal at 78 K with an isomer shift of −9.89(4) mm s−1. Full magnetic hyperfine splitting with a hyperfine field of 25.0(2) T is observed at 6 K in the magnetically ordered regime.
Synthesis and crystal structure of the lanthanum cyanurate complex La[H2N3C3O3]3 · 8.5 H2O
Authors: Reckeweg Olaf , Lissner Falk , Schleid Thomas 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Single crystals of La[H2N3C3O3]3 · 8.5 H2O were obtained from stoichiometric amounts of as-precipitated La(OH)3 with cyanuric acid (CYA) [H3N3C3O3]3 in a boiling aqueous solution, followed by slow cooling and evaporation of water under ambient conditions. According to the X-ray structure analysis of the colorless and transparent crystals, La[H2N3C3O3]3 · 8.5 H2O adopts the triclinic space group P1 (no. 1) and exhibits the unit-cell parameters a = 987.24(7), b = 1110.97(8), c = 1179.81(9) pm, α = 113.716(2), β = 97.053(2), γ = 101.502(2)° for Z = 2. The CYA is singly deprotonated to give monoanions [H2N3C3O3]– which are O,N-coordinated to the La3+ cations. These dihdrogencyanurate anions are assembled in ribbons with two crystallographically different La3+ cations coordinating to either one or two different ligands, respectively. The coordination sphere of the La3+ cations is comprised of water molecules, and interstitial water molecules fill the dead volume of the crystals. The anionic ribbons are stacked to maximize the contact between the six-membered rings, showing distances of about 330 pm.