bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishing the optimal duration of DAPT following PCI in high‐risk TWILIGHT‐like patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Wang Hao‐Yu , Mo Ran , Guan Chang‐Dong , Wang Yang , Zhao Yan‐Yan , Xie Li‐Hua , Zhang Rui , Cai Zhong‐Xing , Xu Bo , Dou Ke‐Fei 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the association of extended‐term (>12‐month) versus short‐term dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with ischemic and hemorrhagic events in high‐risk “TWILIGHT‐like” patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in clinical practice.BackgroundRecent emphasis on shorter DAPT regimen after PCI irrespective of indication for PCI may fail to account for the substantial residual risk of recurrent atherothrombotic events in ACS patients.MethodsAll consecutive patients fulfilling the “TWILIGHT‐like” criteria undergoing PCI were identified from the prospective Fuwai PCI Registry. High‐risk patients (n = 8,358) were defined by at least one clinical and one angiographic feature based on TWILIGHT trial selection criteria. The primary ischemic endpoint was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events at 30 months, composed of all‐cause mortality, myocardial infarction, or stroke while BARC type 2, 3, or 5 bleeding was key secondary outcome.ResultsOf 4,875 high‐risk ACS patients who remained event‐free at 12 months after PCI, DAPT>12‐month compared with shorter DAPT reduced the primary ischemic endpoint by 63% (1.5 vs. 3.8%; HRadj: 0.374, 95% CI: 0.256–0.548; HRmatched: 0.361, 95% CI: 0.221–0.590). The HR for cardiovascular death was 0.049 (0.007–0.362) and that for MI 0.45 (0.153–1.320) and definite/probable stent thrombosis 0.296 (0.080–1.095) in propensity‐matched analyses. Rates of BARC type 2, 3, or 5 bleeding (0.9 vs. 1.3%; HRadj: 0.668 [0.379–1.178]; HRmatched: 0.721 [0.369–1.410]) did not differ significantly between two groups.ConclusionsAmong high‐risk ACS patients undergoing PCI, long‐term DAPT, compared with shorter DAPT, reduced ischemic events without a concomitant increase in clinically meaning bleeding events, suggesting that prolonged DAPT can be considered in ACS patients who present with a particularly higher risk for thrombotic complications without excessive risk of bleeding.
Dual Control of Peptide Conformation with Light and Metal Coordination
Authors: Ghosh Pritam , Torner Justin , Arora Paramjit S. , Maayan Galia 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe design of a stimuli‐responsive peptide whose conformation is controlled by wavelength‐specific light and metal coordination is described. The peptide adopts a defined tertiary structure and its conformation can be modulated between an α‐helical coiled coil and β‐sheet. The peptide is designed with a hydrophobic interface to induce coiled coil formation and is based on a recently described strategy to obtain switchable helix dimers. Herein, we endowed the helix dimer with 8‐hydroxyquinoline (HQ) groups to achieve metal coordination and shift to a β‐sheet structure. It was found that the conformational shift only occurs upon introduction of Zn2+; other metal ions (Cu2+, Fe3+, Co2+, Mg2, and Ni2+) do not offer switching likely due to non‐specific metal‐peptide coordination. A control peptide lacking the metal‐coordinating residues does not show conformational switching with Zn2+ supporting the role of this metal in stabilizing the β‐sheet conformation in a defined manner.
Loneliness and symptom burden in oncology patients during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Miaskowski Christine , Paul Steven M. , Snowberg Karin , Abbott Maura , Borno Hala T. , Chang Susan M. , Chen Lee May , Cohen Bevin , Cooper Bruce A. , Hammer Marilyn J. , Kenfield Stacey A. , Kober Kord M. , Laffan Angela , Levine Jon D. , Pozzar Rachel , Rhoads Kim , Tsai Katy K. , Van Blarigan Erin L. , Van Loon Katherine 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundLoneliness and social isolation are significant public health problems that are being exacerbated during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Little is known about the associations between loneliness and symptom burden in oncology patients before and during the pandemic. Study purposes include determining the prevalence of loneliness in a sample of oncology patients; evaluating for differences in demographic, clinical, and symptom characteristics between lonely and nonlonely patients; and determining which demographic, clinical, and symptom characteristics were associated with membership in the lonely group.MethodsA convenience sample (n = 606) completed online surveys that evaluated the severity of loneliness, social isolation, and common symptoms (ie, anxiety, depression, fatigue, sleep disturbance, cognitive dysfunction, and pain) in oncology patients. Parametric and nonparametric tests were used to evaluate for differences in scores between the lonely and nonlonely groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine risk factors for membership in the loneliness group.ResultsOf the 606 patients, 53.0% were categorized in the lonely group. The lonely group reported higher levels of social isolation, as well as higher symptom severity scores for all of the symptoms evaluated. In the multivariate model, being unmarried, having higher levels of social isolation, as well as higher levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms were associated with membership in the lonely group.ConclusionsStudy findings suggest that a significant number of oncology patients are experiencing loneliness, most likely as a result of mandate social distancing and isolation procedures. The symptom burden of these patients is extremely high and warrants clinical evaluation and interventions.
Role of induction chemotherapy for oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Abdelmeguid Ahmed S. , Silver Natalie L. , Boonsripitayanon Mongkol , Glisson Bonnie S. , Ferrarotto Renata , Gunn G. Brandon , Phan Jack , Gillenwater Ann M. , Hanna Ehab Y. 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundPatients with locoregionally advanced oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) have a poor survival outcome. Treatment involves extensive surgery, adjuvant radiation, or chemoradiation and results in high morbidity. In this study, the authors' objective was to evaluate their experience with induction chemotherapy (IC) in the treatment of locoregionally advanced OCSCC.MethodsA retrospective review of the medical records of all patients with locoregionally advanced (stage III and IV) OCSCC who received IC followed by definitive local therapy was conducted. Outcomes included response to IC and survival.ResultsIn total, 120 patients were included in the study. The overall stage was stage IV in 79.2% of patients. After 2 cycles of IC, 76 patients (63.3%) achieved at least a partial response, including 13 who had a complete response. Stable disease was observed in 30 patients (25%), and 14 patients (11.7%) had progressive disease. Among responders, 16 patients received definitive chemoradiation or radiation therapy, and 60 underwent surgical resection, of whom 15 had less extensive surgery than was originally planned. Overall, organ preservation was achieved in 40.8% of patients who had a favorable response to IC. The 5‐year overall and disease‐specific survival rates were 51.4% and 66.9%, respectively. Patients who had at least a partial response had better 5‐year overall survival (60.1%) and disease‐specific survival (78.5%) compared with nonresponders (33.8% and 46.4%, respectively).ConclusionsThe results demonstrate a response rate to IC in patients with advanced OCSCC similar to what has been observed in patients with cancer in other head and neck subsites. Patients who achieved at least a partial response to IC had a more favorable outcome, with ensuing organ preservation. Further studies are warranted.
Recent Developments in Polymeric Assemblies and Functional Materials by Halogen Bonding
Authors: Biswas Subhendu , Das Anindita 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPolymers have long been known to us for their versatile utility in our daily lives. With many years of successful advancement in controlled polymer synthesis and supramolecular chemistry, currently an amalgamation of these two fields is becoming increasingly important for generating modern‐day emerging polymeric materials. Hydrogen bonding and other noncovalent interactions like π‐stacking, host‐guest interaction, electrostatic interaction, metal‐ligand coordination have been explored much to this context, unlike the recently emerged halogen bonding, which indeed shows advantageous features like superior hydrophobicity, directionality and polar solvent resistance compared to ubiquitous hydrogen bonding. Hence, rendering these properties of halogen bonding into polymeric domain for generating functional materials for application in advance nanotechnologies is highly desirable. In the recent years, substantial progress has been made in fulfilling this challenging goal. This is evident from the escalating number of scientific publications in this research area every year. In this minireview, we have summarized the most recent developments in the field of halogen bonded polymeric assemblies and supramolecular polymers and discussed them in the context of their emerging materials properties and functions. Emphasis is given on highlighting various design criteria adopted in crystal engineering, covalent and supramolecular polymers in the past five years for constructing diverse organic functional materials, viz. liquid crystals, photoresponsive and photochromic materials, biomaterials and gels, self‐healing materials and many others by virtue of this highly directional supramolecular tool. In conclusion, a brief perspective on the advantages, challenges and future prospects in this rapidly growing field of research is discussed.
The Solvent Effect on H2O2 Generation at Room Temperature Ionic Liquid|Water Interface
Authors: Kalisz Justyna , Nogala Wojciech , Adamiak Wojciech , Gocyla Mateusz , Girault Hubert H. , Opallo Marcin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractH2O2 is a versatile chemical and can be generated by the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in proton donor solution in molecular solvents or room temperature ionic liquids (IL). We investigated this reaction at interfaces formed by eleven hydrophobic ILs and acidic aqueous solution as a proton source with decamethylferrocene (DMFc) as an electron donor. H2O2 is generated in colorimetrically detectable amounts in biphasic systems formed by alkyl imidazolium hexafluorophosphate or tetraalkylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ionic liquids. H2O2 fluxes were estimated close to liquid|liquid interface by scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). Contrary to the interfaces formed by hydrophobic electrolyte solution in a molecular solvent, H2O2 generation is followed by cation expulsion to the aqueous phase. Weak correlation between the H2O2 flux and the difference between DMFc/DMFc+ redox potential and 2 electron ORR standard potential indicates kinetic control of the reaction.
Confirmatory factor analysis and psychometric properties of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire in participants with personality disorders
Authors: Marco José H. , Fernandez‐Felipe Isabel , Fonseca Sara , Garcia‐Palacios Azucena , Baños Rosa , Guillen Verónica 
Published: April 2021

AbstractEmotional dysregulation is a key symptom in participants with personality disorders. The Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) has been studied with nonclinical samples; however, it is necessary to confirm the factorial structure of the ERQ in participants with personality disorders. The aims of the present study were to confirm the factorial structure of the Spanish version of the ERQ and analyse its psychometric properties as well as the association between the ERQ and the Borderline Symptoms List (BSL‐23) and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). The overall sample was composed of 250 patients with personality disorders, of whom 195 met the criteria for borderline personality disorder. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted. The two‐factor model showed an acceptable fit, similar to the original structure, in the participants with personality disorders and with borderline personality disorder. Cognitive reappraisal was negatively correlated with the DERS and BSL‐23, and expressive suppression was positively correlated with the BSL‐23. The ERQ is a reliable and valid instrument to evaluate emotional dysregulation in participants with personality disorders and participants with borderline personality disorder.
Analysis, control, and modeling of the three‐port converter without port voltage constraint for photovoltaic/battery system application
Authors: Tian Qingxin , Zhou Guohua , Leng Minrui , Xu Guodong , Fan Xianyan , Yan Tiesheng 
Published: April 2021

AbstractFor a photovoltaic (PV)/battery power system consisting of PV module, energy storage system, and local load, using a three‐port converter (TPC) instead of several single‐input converters is more desirable, such as simpler circuit, higher efficiency, lower cost, and centralized control without communication circuit. In this paper, a TPC is proposed and analyzed, which includes operating modes, steady‐state performance, and parameter design. Compared with other converters, the proposed TPC has a low cost, compact structure, and a more flexible voltage relationship among all ports. Moreover, energy management and control methods are further proposed for PV/battery systems based on the proposed converter, which can achieve maximum power point tracking (MPPT) of PV module and constant output voltage. In order to design the control loop and realize multivariable optimal control, a small‐signal model of the converter is obtained in each operation mode. Then a detailed decoupling design approach based on a small‐signal model is provided to allow a separate controller design for the proposed converter. Finally, the validity of the proposed converter and its energy management and control method are verified by experimental results.
Genetic reconstruction and phylogenetic analysis by 193 Y‐SNPs and 27 Y‐STRs in a Chinese Yi ethnic group
Authors: Wang Fei , Song Feng , Song Mengyuan , Li Jienan , Xie Mingkun , Hou Yiping 
Published: April 2021

AbstractYi is the seventh‐largest ethnic group in China and features mountainous regional characteristics. The Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture is the largest Yi agglomeration with isolated geographical conditions, profoundly impeding genetic communication. Here, we investigated 427 unrelated males of Liangshan from 193 Y‐chromosome single nucleotide polymorphisms (Y‐SNPs) and 27 Y‐chromosome short tandem repeats (Y‐STRs) to reveal the genetic structure and paternal phylogeny of the group. The haplogroup diversity reached 0.9169 with 46 different subhaplogroups by 193 Y‐SNPs, and the haplotype diversity reached 0.9999 by 27 Y‐STR loci. Multidimensional scaling (MDS), N‐J tree, and Network were constructed to decipher and visualize the genetic relations between Yi and worldwide groups. Our results revealed: (1) the Network by Y‐STRs and Y‐SNPs showed the haplogroup D1a1a‐M15 in the Liangshan Yi population was a ramification of Tibetan groups’ expansion from west to east on the plateau; (2) the haplogroup distribution and the mismatch mutation analysis indicated the haplogroup O2a2b1a1a1a4a2‐Z25929 of Liangshan Yi derived from manifold Southeast Asian immigrants; (3) a high‐resolution Y‐SNPs panel is vital to depict accurate paternal derivations and build an integrated and refining genetic structure of ethnic groups.
Rebound behaviors of hydrophilic particle on gas bubble: effect of particle size and liquid properties
Authors: Wang Cong , Liu Yefei , Xu Lei , Qiu Meizhong , Jiang Hong , Chen Rizhi 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe interaction between particles and bubbles commonly occurs in catalysis, flotation and medical processes. Compared with the overwhelming amount of research dedicated to particle adhesion on gas bubbles, there is less on the rebound behaviors of hydrophilic particles on bubbles. Carrying out studies in order to understand the effect of particle size and liquid properties on rebound behaviors becomes an essential task.RESULTSThe rebound velocity and angle of a particle are small when a collision takes place near the top surface of a bubble. At the bubble top, gravity counteracts the upward rebound. Smaller rebound velocity is found for small particles due to inertia. The contact time between particle and bubble increases with an increase in particle size. The surface tension almost has no effect on the rebound velocity and angle of particles. By increasing liquid viscosity, the rebound velocity of the particles decreases and the contact time increases.CONCLUSIONSA hydrophilic particle cannot adhere on a gas bubble in pure water. However, at very large viscosity, adhesion takes places. In processes where longer contact time between hydrophilic particle and gas bubble is desirable, increasing liquid viscosity and particle size should be the choice, while efforts to change the surface tension are found to be unnecessary. Hydrophilic activated carbon particles have better dispersion in water and shorter contact time on bubble surfaces than hydrophobic N‐doped carbon particles. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Context matters: Integration of social determinants of health in AEGD and GPR curricula
Authors: Jiang Tien , Ticku Shenam , Alamer Nora , Alhazmi Hesham , Harvan Robin A. , Riedy Christine A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPurposeTo examine the integration of social determinants of health (SDH) in the US Advanced Education in General Dentistry (AEGD) and General Practice Residency (GPR) programs.MethodsThis study used an explanatory sequential mixed‐methods approach. A 46‐question survey was sent to all 265 AEGD and GPR programs in February 2019. Descriptive statistics and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify factors influencing SDH curricular inclusion. A convenience sample of program directors (PDs) was interviewed between June and December 2019. Through content analysis, themes and subthemes were identified.ResultsOf the 265 AEGD and GPR PDs, 111 completed the survey (42% response rate). Almost three‐quarters of PDs (72%) agreed that it was important for residents to understand basic SDH concepts. However, programs lacked eight of the 10 surveyed SDH subtopics. The odds of teaching five or more SDH subtopics were 0.09 (95% CI: 0.02–0.41) for programs with none‐to‐minimal levels of SDH integration in their clinical settings compared to close‐to‐fully integrated ones. Coding of PD interviews (N = 13) identified five major themes: 1. influences to integrate SDH, 2. training strategies, outcomes, and outputs, 3. reasons for training strategies, 4. barriers and solutions, and 5. future integration goals. Most PDs cited delivering SDH content during patient care and reported time and organizational culture being barriers to more curricular inclusion.ConclusionsAEGD and GPR curricula are deficient in SDH content and risk underpreparing residents for caring for the underserved. PDs and organizational leaders must prioritize SDH inclusion in order to train dentists for integrated person‐centered care.
The effectiveness of using the perioscope as an adjunct to non‐surgical periodontal therapy: Clinical and radiographic results
Authors: Naicker Meloshini , Ngo Luan H. , Rosenberg Adam J. , Darby Ivan B. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundIt is well known that following root surface debridement (RSD) residual deposits remain. Periodontal endoscopy has provided a method of directly visualizing root surfaces during periodontal debridement in an intact pocket without the need for surgical incision. The aim of this study was to determine if periodontal debridement using endoscopic visualization was more effective in improving clinical and radiographic parameters as compared to RSD.MethodsThirty‐eight subjects were randomized into RSD with perioscope (n = 19) or RSD only (n = 19) groups. A full‐mouth evaluation included probing pocket depths (PPDs), clinical attachment levels (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP) and plaque scores (PI) recorded at baseline, 3 and 12 months and compared among groups. Radiographs were taken at sites with deepest pockets at baseline and 12‐month and the change in radiographic bone levels (RBL) compared. An independent samples T‐test was used to assess statistical significance.ResultsBoth groups had significant improvements in clinical outcomes. The test (T) group had a significantly lower percentage of PPDs 7 to 9 mm at three (0.72 ± 1.2%) and 12 months (0.5 ± 1.0%) as compared with the control (C) group (2.25 ± 2.9%; 1.84 ± 2.3%). At 12 months, the test group recorded a significantly lower mean PPD (T: 2.70 + 0.2 mm; C: 2.98 ± 0.4 mm), BOP% (T: 4.3 ± 3.2%; C: 11.95 ± 7.1%), PI% (T: 25.61 ± 3.9%; C: 30.11 ± 6.3%) and less change in gingival recession (T: ‐0.13 ± 0.2 mm; C: ‐0.50 ± 0.6 mm) (P < 0.05). More radiographic bone gain was observed in the test group (0.69 ± 0.3 mm) as compared with the control group (0.49 ± 0.2 mm). This was also observed around multi‐rooted teeth (T: 0.83 ± 0.45 mm; C: 0.46 ± 0.36 mm).ConclusionThe adjunctive use of the perioscope provided a slight benefit to the outcomes of non‐surgical therapy particularly at deeper probing depths.
Effect of different shrub species on their sub‐canopy soil and vegetation properties in semiarid regions
Authors: Erfanzadeh Reza , Yazdani Moslem , Arani Asghar Mosleh 
Published: April 2021

AbstractShrubs are one of the most dominant plant types in semiarid ecosystems all over the world. What remains to be investigated is how soil and vegetation characteristics vary under canopy of different species of shrubs in these regions. Thus, this study aimed to compare the effect of three shrub species (Amygdalus scoparia,Ebenus stellata, andDaphne mezereum) on soil and vegetation characteristics under their canopies in semiarid rangelands in Iran for restoration purposes of degraded areas. Fifteen sites were selected in such three shrub species, which were found close to each other in each site. Soil and vegetation characteristics were measured under the shrubs, comparing with outside the shrub canopies (control). One‐way ANOVA and nonmetric dimensional scaling were used to clarify the differences of the effects of different shrub species on sub‐canopy soil and plants. The results indicated that the effect of different species of shrubs on soil properties was not equal, more pronounced byA. scoparia. Similarly, the highest value of Shannon‐Wiener diversity was recorded underA. scoparia(2.07) as compared withD. mezerum(1.76),E. stellata(1.41) (F = 32.25,p <  0.01). The highest and lowest values of Menhinick richness index were observed underA. scoparia(3.43) andE. stellata(1.46), respectively (1.41) (F = 13.30,p <  0.01). Compared with two other shrubs, a taller canopy inA. scoparia(3.50 m vs. 2.60 m and 1.83 m) probably led to greater litter input by the shrub. Different effects of different species of shrubs on sub‐canopy soil and vegetation should be considered in the restoration projects of degraded semiarid rangelands.