bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive Review of Garcinia pedunculata Roxb. and its Therapeutic
Potential
Authors: Bhattacharjee Swarnali , Devi Rajlakshmi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract:
Garcinia pedunculata Roxb.(GP) belongs to the family of Clusiaceae and is an evergreen
tree that grows in semi-wild conditions and is widely distributed throughout the Northeastern part of
India. Traditionally, this plant is believed to be of immense medicinal importance and is used for the
treatment of various ailments. In Assam, the acidic fruit of GP is effectively used in folklore medicine
to treat gastrointestinal disorders and is an integral part of ethnic Assamese cuisine. The ripe fruit,
seldom consumed fresh or raw, is cut into thin slices, sun-dried for preservation as it is believed that
the medicinal property of the fruit increases as it ages. With much traditional claims and beliefs regarding
the medicinal properties of this plant, many therapeutic potentials of GP have been explored
through research till now, including its antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anthelmintic, hypolipidemic,
antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, and nephroprotective properties. Moreover,
the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids along with bioactive components like hydroxycitric acid, garcinol,
and cambogin have also been reported from this plant, thereby increasing its research avenues.
Even with the available knowledge, there is a huge lacking in the understanding of its underlying molecular
mechanism responsible for the therapeutic properties, pharmacological mode of action, and its
effect in different pathological conditions, along with detailed information about its chemical composition.
This review mainly aims to summarise the potentially beneficial properties of GP that have
already been reported, along with identifying the new avenues that still need to be addressed, thereby
increasing the future prospect for in-depth research on this plant, along with its distribution and conservation
status.
NIPAM/PEG/ MoS2 Nanosheets for Dual Triggered Doxorubicin Release and Combined Chemo-photothermal Cancer Therapy
Authors: Soltani Elham Reza , Tahvildari Kambiz , Moniri Elham , Panahi Homayoun Ahmad 
Published: February 2021

Introduction:
Among different 2-D nanostructures, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has
shown great potential as a good candidate in drug delivery systems. However, their biocompatibility
and water dispersibility are the main issues for these purposes. With the aim of improving the
MoS2 dispersibility, a novel drug delivery system based on polymer-modified MoS2 nanosheets
was successfully prepared and characterized.

Methods:
In this study, MoS2 nanosheets were prepared using a simple oleum treatment exfoliation
approach and then modified by grafting thermos-responsive polymer N- isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM)
and polyethylene glycol (PEG). The structural and morphological properties of the MoS2/NIPAM/
PEG nanosheets were characterized via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction
(XRD), Fourier- Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Thermogravimetric analysis
(TGA/DSC). Initially, the adsorption behavior of the grafted nanoadsorbent was assessed for
sorption of doxorubicin as an anticancer drug model. The influence of various parameters such as
pH, temperature, and contact time was evaluated. Different kinetic and isotherm models were employed
to investigate the (DOX) adsorption mechanism.

Results:
The obtained results revealed that the DOX adsorption onto the MoS2/NIPAM/ PEG followed
the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order models. In the next step, polymer grafted
MoS2 nanosheets were used as thermos-sensitive drug nanocarriers for near-infrared (NIR) photothermal
therapy. The combination of chemotherapy and photothermal therapy was also investigated,
which indicated a remarkable improvement of cell apoptotic rate compared to monotherapy. Also,
MTT assays showed that the MoS2/NIPAM/ PEG had high biocompatibility.

Conclusion:
The novel thermo-responsive MoS2/NIPAM/ PEG showed great potential for targeted
and controlled drug delivery.
Synthesis of Novel Pyrazole Tagged Pyridine Derivatives; Their
Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Bhoomandla Srinu , Gundla Rambabu , Kanuparthy Phani Raja 
Published: February 2021

:
Novel pyrazole tagged pyridine derivatives 5a-n synthesized starting from 3-cyano-4-trifluoromethyl-6- thiophenyl 2(1H) pyridone 1. Compound 1 on hydrolysis followed by decarboxylation resulted in 4-trifluoro-methyl-6- thiophenyl 2(1H)pyridone 2. Compound 2 treated with POCl3 to get 2- chloro-4-trifluoromethyl-6- thiophenyl pyridine 3 further reaction with hydrazine hydrate, which resulted in the formation of compound 4. Compound 4 on reaction with different substituted 1,3-diketones in ethanol reflux condition to afford pyrazole substituted pyridine derivatives 5a-n. All derivatives were tested against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains and different Candida strains by well diffusion method, compounds 5k and 5l showed significant activity. The binding mode of 5k and 5l also studied by molecular docking studies.
Optimization of Nutritional Parameters by One-Factor-At-A-Time Method for the Biosynthesis of Alkaline Protease from the Isolated Strain Alternaria alternata TUSGF1
Authors: Polley Tapasi , Ghosh Uma 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Alkaline proteases are essential enzymes that have several applications in
our industry.

Objective:
The aim was optimization of nutritional parameters by one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) method in solid-state fermentation.

Method:
Production of protease by employing our laboratory's new isolate, Alternaria alternata
TUSG1 (strain accession number- MF401426) under solid-state fermentation was optimized. The
nutritional factors were investigated, and only one agricultural residue (cauliflower leaves) with different
particle sizes was checked.

Results:
Highest enzyme production was obtained with a medium particle size of cauliflower
leaves (610 U/gds) followed by coarse waste (603U/gds) and fine waste (596 U/gds) using 106
spores/ml as inoculum at 30° C for 7 days. The organism utilized carbon sources 0.5% (w/w) dextrose,
fructose, maltose, sucrose, lactose, and starch. Among them, maltose was found to be the
best carbon source. A variety of inorganic and organic media components were investigated for nitrogen
sources of 0.3% (w/w), and skim milk was turned out to the best.

Conclusion:
The maximum enzyme activity was obtained with 1% maltose, 0.5% skim milk and 0.05% MgSO4. With optimized media 1.53 fold increase in the protease production at agricultural residue cauliflower leaves was obtained.
Adoption of Electronic Health Records (EHRs) in China During the Past 10 Years: Consecutive Survey Data Analysis and Comparison of Sino-American Challenges and Experiences
Authors: Liang Jun , Li Ying , Zhang Zhongan , Shen Dongxia , Xu Jie , Zheng Xu , Wang Tong , Tang Buzhou , Lei Jianbo , Zhang Jiajie 
Published: February 2021

Background
The adoption rate of electronic health records (EHRs) in hospitals has become a main index to measure digitalization in medicine in each country.

Objective
This study summarizes and shares the experiences with EHR adoption in China and in the United States.

Methods
Using the 2007-2018 annual hospital survey data from the Chinese Health Information Management Association (CHIMA) and the 2008-2017 United States American Hospital Association Information Technology Supplement survey data, we compared the trends in EHR adoption rates in China and the United States. We then used the Bass model to fit these data and to analyze the modes of diffusion of EHRs in these 2 countries. Finally, using the 2007, 2010, and 2014 CHIMA and Healthcare Information and Management Systems Services survey data, we analyzed the major challenges faced by hospitals in China and the United States in developing health information technology.

Results
From 2007 to 2018, the average adoption rates of the sampled hospitals in China increased from 18.6% to 85.3%, compared to the increase from 9.4% to 96% in US hospitals from 2008 to 2017. The annual average adoption rates in Chinese and US hospitals were 6.1% and 9.6%, respectively. However, the annual average number of hospitals adopting EHRs was 1500 in China and 534 in the US, indicating that the former might require more effort. Both countries faced similar major challenges for hospital digitalization.

Conclusions
The adoption rates of hospital EHRs in China and the United States have both increased significantly in the past 10 years. The number of hospitals that adopted EHRs in China exceeded 16,000, which was 3.3 times that of the 4814 nonfederal US hospitals. This faster adoption outcome may have been a benefit of top-level design and government-led policies, particularly the inclusion of EHR adoption as an important indicator for performance evaluation and the appointment of public hospitals.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Uptake of Influenza Vaccine: UK-Wide Observational Study
Authors: Bachtiger Patrik , Adamson Alexander , Chow Ji-Jian , Sisodia Rupa , Quint Jennifer K , Peters Nicholas S 
Published: February 2021

Background
In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, the UK National Health Service (NHS) extended eligibility for influenza vaccination this season to approximately 32.4 million people (48.8% of the population). Knowing the intended uptake of the vaccine will inform supply and public health messaging to maximize vaccination.

Objective
The objective of this study was to measure the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the acceptance of influenza vaccination in the 2020-2021 season, specifically focusing on people who were previously eligible but routinely declined vaccination and newly eligible people.

Methods
Intention to receive the influenza vaccine in 2020-2021 was asked of all registrants of the largest electronic personal health record in the NHS by a web-based questionnaire on July 31, 2020. Of those who were either newly or previously eligible but had not previously received an influenza vaccination, multivariable logistic regression and network diagrams were used to examine their reasons to undergo or decline vaccination.

Results
Among 6641 respondents, 945 (14.2%) were previously eligible but were not vaccinated; of these, 536 (56.7%) intended to receive an influenza vaccination in 2020-2021, as did 466 (68.6%) of the newly eligible respondents. Intention to receive the influenza vaccine was associated with increased age, index of multiple deprivation quintile, and considering oneself to be at high risk from COVID-19. Among those who were eligible but not intending to be vaccinated in 2020-2021, 164/543 (30.2%) gave reasons based on misinformation. Of the previously unvaccinated health care workers, 47/96 (49%) stated they would decline vaccination in 2020-2021.

Conclusions
In this sample, COVID-19 has increased acceptance of influenza vaccination in previously eligible but unvaccinated people and has motivated substantial uptake in newly eligible people. This study is essential for informing resource planning and the need for effective messaging campaigns to address negative misconceptions, which is also necessary for COVID-19 vaccination programs.
Source of Post-Transplant Care and Mortality among Kidney Transplant Recipients Dually Enrolled in VA and Medicare
Authors: Cashion Winn , Gellad Walid F. , Sileanu Florentina E. , Mor Maria K. , Fine Michael J. , Hale Jennifer , Hall Daniel E. , Rogal Shari , Switzer Galen , Ramkumar Mohan , Wang Virginia , Bronson Douglas A. , Wilson Mark , Gunnar William , Weisbord Steven D. 
Published: February 2021

Background and objectives
Many kidney transplant recipients enrolled in the Veterans Health Administration are also enrolled in Medicare and eligible to receive both Veterans Health Administration and private sector care. Where these patients receive transplant care and its association with mortality are unknown.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of veterans who underwent kidney transplantation between 2008 and 2016 and were dually enrolled in Veterans Health Administration and Medicare at the time of surgery. We categorized patients on the basis of the source of transplant-related care (i.e., outpatient transplant visits, immunosuppressive medication prescriptions, calcineurin inhibitor measurements) delivered during the first year after transplantation defined as Veterans Health Administration only, Medicare only (i.e., outside Veterans Health Administration using Medicare), or dual care (mixed use of Veterans Health Administration and Medicare). Using multivariable Cox regression, we examined the independent association of post-transplant care source with mortality at 5 years after kidney transplantation.

Results
Among 6206 dually enrolled veterans, 975 (16%) underwent transplantation at a Veterans Health Administration hospital and 5231 (84%) at a non–Veterans Health Administration hospital using Medicare. Post-transplant care was received by 752 patients (12%) through Veterans Health Administration only, 2092 (34%) through Medicare only, and 3362 (54%) through dual care. Compared with patients who were Veterans Health Administration only, 5-year mortality was significantly higher among patients who were Medicare only (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.5 to 3.1) and patients who were dual care (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 2.1).

Conclusions
Most dually enrolled veterans underwent transplantation at a non–Veterans Health Administration transplant center using Medicare, yet many relied on Veterans Health Administration for some or all of their post-transplant care. Veterans who received Veterans Health Administration–only post-transplant care had the lowest 5-year mortality.
La reforma energética y el problema petrolero en México
Authors: Sovilla Bruno , Gómez-Ramírez Eusebio , Sánchez-Pérez Manuel 
Published: February 2021

Desde la expropiación petrolera, y durante varias décadas, Petróleos Mexicanos (PEMEX) venía soportando el despegue del sector industrial. Así, a partir de los años 70 ha cumplido principalmente con dos funciones: generar divisa y contribuir en la financiación del gasto público a través del pago de impuestos. Hoy, sin embargo, la empresa petrolera enfrenta una crisis profunda. El objetivo de este trabajo es aclarar cómo se produjo la actual crisis energética por la que atraviesa el país, e indicar otros posibles caminos para afrontarla. Utilizando datos oficiales del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía y de PEMEX se encuentra que en las últimas décadas las finanzas públicas han dependido, en gran medida, de los ingresos petroleros y, como consecuencia, PEMEX no ha podido llevar a cabo los proyectos de inversión necesarios para mantener o incrementar la producción. Como resultado, se ha exacerbado el declive de la producción, lo que ha creado las condiciones para la reforma energética a fin de atraer la inversión privada en este sector. Se concluye que una posible alternativa para evitar la privatización de un recurso natural tan estratégico como el petróleo sería aprobar una reforma fiscal que aumente los ingresos tributarios no petroleros, permitiéndole a PEMEX financiar la inversión necesaria para contrarrestar la caída de la producción.
Trends in Marketing Capabilities
Authors: Martin Silvia L. 
Published: February 2021

Contemporary companies focus on marketing because of its importance and commercial advantages. Nevertheless, this also means they should face significant challenges and other organizations in this field. Firms require organizational structural factors to identify customer needs, consumer engagement, and market sensing. This is achieved through product exploration and exploitation, which increases the stock supply of SMEs for new and existing customers along with their profits. The adoption of electronic commerce has become essential for SMEs, especially in the IT sector, because it enables them to analyze several metrics, improve customer service, and reduce operating costs. In addition, they can be more efficient in distribution and customer communication. Thus, service promotes customer loyalty and improves confidence. New product development increases profits and creates opportunities to fulfill market needs. E-commerce opens new markets, supports customer service, and improves communication. In summary, these three marketing capabilities are useful to gain competitive advantages in the long term and develop a differentiating factor against direct competition.
CULTURE (YORÙBÁ) AS A MEANS OF DE-ESCALATING CONFLICT AND MAINTAINING PEACE
Authors: Olayinka Akintayo Sunday 
Published: February 2021

Most works in peace and conflict studies concern interventions in
conflict situations – such as conflict management – or projects
seeking to sustain peace after a conflict, such as conflict resolution,
conflict transformation, and peace education. However, using a
peace lens, this study affirms culture as one of the means the Yorùbá
utilize to sustain peace in their community. The paper first ascertains
the presence of conflict and proceed to discuss how some features of
Yorùbá culture facilitate harmony as evidenced in the research findings.
Note: This article is based on a primary research among the Yorùbá of
southwest Nigeria within 2015 to 2020, the bulk of which is taken from
chapter 5 of the dissertation. A few amendments were made to suit the
requirement of this journal publication.
A look inside the black box of scientific publishing
Authors: Cavalleri Matteo 
Published: February 2021

Publishing the results of one’s research is an integral part of the
scientific process, yet scholarly journals are often seen as black boxes
by researchers. What happens to a paper after it is submitted? Who is
deciding on its fate? What is the role of the journal editor and the
editorial office? How does the peer-review process work, and are its
core principles still relevant in today’s changing publishing landscape?
In this talk I will discuss these questions in an attempt to de-mystify
the peer review process from an editor’s perspective, and cover the
whats, the hows and the whys of peer review.
Active Funds and Bundled News
Authors: Lee Charles M. C. , Zhu Christina 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
We use trade-level data to examine the role of actively managed funds (AMFs) in earnings news dissemination. We find that AMFs are drawn to, and participate disproportionately more in, earnings announcements (EAs) that include bundled managerial guidance. When the two pieces of news are directionally inconsistent, AMFs trade in the direction of future guidance rather than current earnings. AMFs exhibit an ability to discern, and adapt their trading to, the bias in bundled guidance. While AMF trades at EAs are generally more profitable than their non-EA trades, this result reverses when guidance bias is extreme. Overall, we find that increased AMF trading during EAs leads to faster price adjustment. Collectively, these findings suggest that AMFs are sophisticated processors of bundled earnings news, and their trading generally improves market price discovery.
JEL Classifications: G12; G14; G23; M41.
IMPACTS OF PATTERNS OF ECONOMIC AGENTS ACTIVITIES IN THE SEMERU VOLCANO CONSERVATION AREA
Authors: Segara Nuansa Bayu , Basyari Iin Wariin 
Published: February 2021

Semeru volcano is the most popular mount hiking tourism in Indonesia. The economic community and conservation area are affected by these activities. This research focuses on the development activities of economic agents pattern and explains the impact of high tourism in the Semeru Volcano conservation area. It was a qualitative study, and the participative observatory was a procedure for collecting the data. The location was not limited in the Semeru Volcano, but also social media, Instagram. The result of the research reveals that there are two kinds of economic agents, namely internal and external. They have positive connectedness to support hiking activities. Although there should be potential for competition between open trip services and local guides, this does not happens, due to the wisdom of internal economic actors, especially local guides. Moreover, the consequences of high tourism activities in the Semeru Volcano conservation area are waste and erosion. The article is concluded by proposing several directions for economic agents to be involved more in conservation activities and positive business in the Semeru Volcano.Key words: Semeru Volcano, economic agent, conservation area, mount tourismGunungapi Semeru merupakan wisata pendakian gunung yang paling populer di Indonesia. Aktivitas ini tentu berdampak terhadap perekonomian penduduk sekitar dan lingkungan di kawasan konservasi. Artikel ini mengkaji pola aktivitas dan pelaku ekonomi yang terlibat dalam perkembangan wisata, dan mengungkap dampak tingginya aktivitas ini terhadap Kawasan Konservasi Gunungapi Semeru itu sendiri. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang bersifat ekploratif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara observasi partisipatif dan tidak terbatas di kawasan pendakian, namun juga melakukan observasi di media sosial instagram. Hasil penelitian menujukan pelaku ekonomi terdiri dari internal dan eksternal kawasan, yang memiliki keterkaitan positif antar pelaku ekonomi dari luar dan dalam Kawasan Pendakian. Meskipun semestinya ada potensi persaingan antara jasa open trip dengan pemandu lokal, akan tetapi hal itu tidak terjadi, karena kearifan pelaku ekonomi internal, khususnya para pemandu lokal. Dampak tingginya aktivitas wisata pendakian ini mengakibatkan dua permasalahan yang cukup serius, yaitu sampah dan erosi. Artikel ini diakhiri dengan memberikan beberapa usulan terkait dengan peningkatan keterlibatan pelaku ekonomi dalam melakukan usaha dan aktivitas konservasi di Kawasan Gunung Semeru. Kata kunci: Gunungapi Semeru, pelaku ekonomi, kawasan konservasi, wisata gunung
Usychalność surowców zielarskich
Authors: Gruszecki Robert , Zawiślak Grażyna , Rybiński Michał , Zalewska Ewa , Walasek-Janusz Magdalena 
Published: February 2021

Suszenie surowców zielarskich jest podstawowym sposobem ich utrwalania, a wydajność tego procesu określa się współczynnikiem usychalności. Celem pracy było zebranie i wstępne przeanalizowanie współczynników usychalności zamieszczonych w publikacjach z zakresu zielarstwa, by stanowiło to impuls do dalszych badań w tym zakresie. Podawana usychalność surowców zielarskich często się różni, co może wynikać z różnic charakterystyki porównywanych surowców przed suszeniem i po suszeniu (kwiaty–kwiatostany, okorowany–nieokorowany, otarty lub nieotarty, z nasionami lub bez nasion), różnice te mogą wynikać również z niejednakowego stopnia dosuszenia surowca oraz miejsca jego pozyskania. Usychalność surowców ma duże znaczenie dla praktyki zielarskiej, ponieważ umożliwia określenie zapotrzebowania na surowiec zielarski i racjonalną gospodarkę ograniczonymi i cennymi zasobami roślin, szczególnie tych pozyskiwanych ze stanu naturalnego. Wydajność procesu suszenia, pomimo że w dużej mierze zależy od suchej masy surowca, jest również modyfikowana przez inne czynniki, np. sposób przygotowania surowca czy metodę suszenia, a wyjaśnienie tych zależności ma znaczenie zarówno dla praktyki, jak i nauki zielarskiej.
Przedsiębiorczość jako czynnik rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego układów przestrzennych
Authors: Zioło Zbigniew 
Published: February 2021

W pracy przyjęto założenie, że na rozwój procesów społeczno-gospodarczych układów przestrzennych zasadniczo wpływa poziom i jakość zasobów intelektualnych, które umożliwiają generowanie kapitału ludzkiego i społecznego, a także pobudzanie społecznych postaw przedsiębiorczości. Na tym tle szczególną uwagę zwrócono na: uwarunkowania kształtowania społecznych postaw przedsiębiorczości, wpływ potencjału ekonomicznego firm na aktywizację gospodarczą i powiązania rynkowe, relacje między różnymi kategoriami firm, ich własnością, rodzajem produkcji i zasięgami rynku oraz wpływ przedsiębiorczości na rozwój społeczno-gospodarczy i kulturowy, a także podstawowe uwarunkowania kształtowania przedsiębiorczości w układach przestrzennych.