bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison Effects of two Muscle Relaxant Strategies on Postoperative Pulmonary Complications in Transapical Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis
Authors: Yu Hong , Zuo Yiding , Xu Zhao , Zhao Dailiang , Yue Jianming , Liu Lulu , Guo Yingqiang , Huang Jiapeng , Deng Xiaoqian , Liang Peng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Prior studies have reported conflicting results on the effect of sugammadex on postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) and research on this topic in transapical-transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TA-TAVI) was sparse. The current study aimed to investigate whether there were differences in the incidence of PPCs between two muscle relaxant strategies (rocuronium/sugammadex vs. cisatracurium/neostigmine) in patients undergoing TA-TAVI. Methods: This retrospective observational study enrolled 245 adult patients underwent TA-TAVI between October 2018 and January 2021. The patients were grouped according to the type of muscle relaxant strategies (115 with rocuronium/sugammadex in the R/S group and 130 with cisatracurium/neostigmine in the C/N group, respectively). Pre- and intraoperative variables were managed by propensity score match (PSM) at a 1:2 ratio. PPCs (i.e., respiratory infection, pleural effusion, pneumothorax, atelectasis, respiratory failure, bronchospasm and aspiration pneumonitis) were evaluated from the radiological and laboratory findings. Results: After PSM, 91 patients in the R/S group were selected and matched to 112 patients in the C/N group. Patients in the R/S group showed lower PPCs rate (45.1% vs. 61.6%, p=0.019) compared to the C/N group. In addition, the R/S group showed significant shorter extubation time (7.2±6.2 vs. 10.3±8.2 min, p=0.003) and length of hospital stay (6.9±3.3 vs. 8.0±4.0 days, p=0.034). Conclusions: The rocuronium/sugammadex muscle relaxant strategy decreases the incidence of PPCs in patients undergoing TA-TAVI when compared to cisatracurium/neostigmine strategy. Trial registration: ChiCTR, ChiCTR2100044269. Registered March 14, 2021-Prospectively registered, http://www.Chictr.org.cn
Long-Term Prognosis of Patients with Hepatitis B Virus-Related Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Wang Lu , Xu Wenxiong , Li Xuejun , Chen Dabiao , Zhang Yeqiong , Chen Yuanli , Wang Juan , Luo Qiumin , Xie Chan , Peng Liang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Introduction and Objectives: The long-term prognosis of patients with hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) is not well characterized. We sought to assess the short-term and long-term outcomes and the associated risk factors of HBV-ACLF patients in south China.Patients and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical data, adverse events, and clinical endpoint events of HBV-ACLF patients treated at our department between January 2014 and December 2018. Results: A total of 1177 HBV-ACLF patients were included in the study, including 616 (52.3%) cirrhotic patients and 561 (47.7%) non-cirrhotic patients. 973 (83%) patients were associated only with HBV, and 204 (17%) patients had two or more etiologies. The leading cause of simple HBV-ACLF patients was lack of antiviral treatment and the proportion of patients receiving antiviral treatment for HBV was low (20%). Further analyses indicated non-cirrhotic patients had a significantly lower 90-day transplantation‐free mortality and greater 5‐year survival rate than cirrhotic patients (59.5% vs. 27.6%, 62% vs. 36%, P＜0.05). Age, hepatic encephalopathy, liver cirrhosis, nucleoside (acid) analogues (NAs) withdrawal, total bilirubin, and prothrombin time were independent risk factors for 90-day mortality in HBV-ACLF patients. Cirrhosis at admission (AOR=3.675, 95% CI: 2.408–6.594) was a strong independent risk factor for long-term prognosis. Conclusion: The proportion of HBV-ACLF patients receiving antiviral treatment was extremely low in south China. HBV combined with acute hepatitis E, or DILI had no significant effect on the short-term mortality rate in HBV-ACLF patients. Remarkably, the effect of withdrawal of NAs and cirrhosis on short-term outcomes cannot be ignored. No significant improvement in the short-term prognosis of HBV-ACLF patients was observed compared with previous studies. Trial Registration: The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (CT.gov identifier: NCT04231565). Registered 13 May 2020https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/action/SelectProtocol?sid=S0009OZY&selectaction=Edit&uid=U00036P1&ts=2&cx=27seqt
De-Novo Malignancies After Liver Transplantation: Experience of A High-Volume Center
Authors: Saglam Kutay , Sahin Tevfik Tolga , Ogut Zeki , Ince Volkan , Usta Sertac , Yilmaz Sezai 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose Patient care, newer immunosuppressive medications, and advances in surgical technique, have resulted in significant prolongation of survival after liver transplantation in recent years. However, as life expectancy increased and the early mortality rates have decreased, different problems have evolved due to chronic immunosuppressive therapy. The aim of the present study is to evaluate patients who were transplanted and then developed de novo malignancies, in terms of the type of malignancies and the follow-up period.MethodsThe study was conducted on 2814 patients who received liver transplantation between 2008 to 2020 in Inonu University Liver Transplant Institute. In total, the data of 23 patients were evaluated retrospectively.ResultsNon-melanoma skin cancer was the most common de-novo malignancy (21.7%), followed by gynecological cancers (17.3%). The interval between the time of transplantation until the development of de novo malignancy was 36 (6-75) months. The median follow-up period after the diagnoses of the de novo malignancies was 4.11 years. One, 3, 5-year survival rates of patients after the diagnoses of de novo malignancies were 69.6%, 56.5% and 41.9%; respectively. ConclusionNon-melanotic skin cancers were the most common de novo cancers in liver transplant recipients. A strict surveillance programs is very important in the follow-up of liver transplant recipients.
Post-extinction recovery of the Phanerozoic oceans and the rise of biodiversity hotspots
Authors: Cermeño Pedro , García-Comas Carmen , Pohl Alexandre , Williams Simon , Benton Michael , Gland Guillaume Le , Muller R Dietmar , Ridgwell Andy , Vallina Sergio 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The fossil record of marine invertebrates has long fueled the debate on whether or not there are limits to global diversity in the sea1–4⁠. Ecological theory states that as diversity grows and ecological niches are filled, the strengthening of biological interactions imposes limits on diversity5–7⁠. However, the extent to which biological interactions have constrained the growth of diversity over evolutionary time remains an open question1–4,8–12⁠, largely because of the incompleteness and spatial heterogeneity of the fossil record13–15⁠. Here we present a regional diversification model that reproduces surprisingly well the Phanerozoic trends in the global diversity of marine invertebrates after imposing mass extinctions. We find that the dynamics of global diversity is best described by a diversification model that operates broadly within the exponential growth regime of a logistic function. A spatially resolved analysis of the diversity-to-carrying capacity ratio reveals that only < 2% of the global flooded continental area exhibits diversity levels approaching ecological saturation. We attribute the overall increase in global diversity during the Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic to the development of diversity hotspots under prolonged conditions of Earth system stability and maximum continental fragmentation. We call this the "diversity hotspots hypothesis", which is proposed as a non-mutually exclusive alternative to the hypothesis that the Mesozoic marine revolution led this macroevolutionary trend16,17.
Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Grafted Wheat Straw for Economical and Eco-friendly Treatment of Oily Wastewater.
Authors: Suresh Kavya , Islam Muhammad Amirul , Rastgar Masoud , Fleck Brian A. , Sadrzadeh Mohtada 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The sustainable development of oil-gas and petrochemical industries necessitates the development of cost-effective and eco-friendly technologies to treat mass-produced oily wastewater discharge from these industries. This study applied a simple radical polymerization to enhance the oil adsorption efficiency of agricultural waste biomass wheat straw (WS) by grafting biocompatible PMMA. Diesel oil adsorption from oil-in-water emulsion using the PMMA grafted WS was thoroughly studied for the first time in the quest of developing an economical and eco-friendly adsorbent for the adsorptive treatment of oily wastewater. Initially, the pristine WS was subjected to alkaline hydrogen peroxide pre-treatment to remove the materials that can lead to secondary pollution during operation, to expose the reactive cellulose surface sites that can enhance grafting efficiency, and to break the inner interconnected tubular pore channel walls; otherwise, the tubular pore channels will not be accessible to viscous oil due to limited capillary penetration. The success of pre-treatment of pristine WS and the subsequent PMMA grafting were evaluated by SEM morphology, BET analysis, EDX and XPS elemental analysis, FTIR, and contact angle measurements. SEM images indicated that the inner interconnected tubular pore channels of WS are exposed significantly upon alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreatment. PMMA grafting substantially improved oil adhesivity, as evident from the 0º oil contact angle for WS-g-PMMA film. Oil absorptivity was thoroughly evaluated by batch oil adsorption study using variable adsorbent dosages and oil emulsion concentrations. The WS-g-PMMA exhibited explicitly higher adsorption capacity (ca. 1129 mg/g) compared to that of the pristine (ca. 346 mg/g) and pretreated (ca. 741 mg/g) due to high accessibility to exposed inner interconnected tubular pore channels and strong hydrophobic interactions between the WS-g-PMMA surface and oil droplets. Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms were applied to evaluate the adsorption mechanism. The experimental data fit well with the Freundlich isotherm, clearly indicating the heterogeneity of adsorption sites, as well as multilayer adsorption of oil. The experimental adsorption data fit well with the pseudo-second-order rate equation with R2 as high as 0.999, which confirmed the multilayer adsorption of oil. The high oil adsorption capacity of the WS-g-PMMA makes it a very promising material for oily wastewater treatment. This will simultaneously resolve issues with the treatment of oily wastewater and facilitate the recycling of abundant quantities of waste WS. This study serves as a reference for analyzing the suitability of wheat straw for treating extremely challenging waste streams, such as SAGD produced water containing BTEX and PAHs that are also hydrophobic like diesel oil.
Identification of WIPI1 as A Potential Ferroptosis-Related Biomarker in Sepsis and Validation in CLP Mice Model.
Authors: Zhu Sizhe , Ye Chenglin , Huang Yabing 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundSepsis is the leading cause of death and critical illness worldwide. Ferroptosis is a new type of programmed cell death that is different from apoptosis, cell necrosis, and autophagy, which might contribute to development of sepsis. However, it lacks of a rapid, accurate diagnostic method and a therapeutic target of sepsis. In this work, we identified a novel promising biomarker related to ferroptosis in sepsis.MethodsThe expression profiles of mRNAs were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and ferroptosis-related genes were used to screen differential genes. Furthermore, we identified potential ferroptosis-related biomarkers through a series of comprehensive bioinformatics analysis, such as differential analysis, enrichment analysis, protein-protein interactions (PPI). Moreover, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of biomarkers and the relative expressions of biomarker were measured by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in cecum ligation and puncture (CLP) mice model. Finally, immune infiltration analysis was preformed to explore the relationship between ferroptosis-related biomarkers and immune regulation. ResultsTotally 52 (36 upregulated and 16 downregulated) overlapped ferroptosis-related differential expression genes differentially expressed genes (FRDEGs) from two GEO datasets were identified between sepsis and normal samples. Upregulated ferroptosis-related WD Repeat Domain, Phosphoinositide Interacting 1 (WIPI1), with high area under curve (AUC) was selected as a promising biomarker, according to expression of WIPI1, septic samples were divided into high-expression and low-expression group. There are significant differences in the infiltration of some immune cells between the two group. ConclusionIn summary, we identified WIPI1 as a novel biomarker that may involve in immune regulation of sepsis by ferroptosis. In addition, this work contributes to the rapid, accurate and convenient diagnosis of sepsis.
Cognitive reserve estimated with a life experience questionnaire outperforms education in predicting performance on MoCA: Italian normative data
Authors: Montemurro Sonia , Daini Roberta , Tagliabue Chiara , Guzzetti Sabrina , Gualco Giulia , Mondini Sara , Arcara Giorgio 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Normative data of neuropsychological tests typically take into account the effect of demographic variables like age and education on performance. However, a broad literature has shown that, after the school age, other cognitively stimulating experiences (e.g., occupational attainment and a variety of leisure-time activities) may increase and build up cognitive reserve (CR), which is positively associated with better performance in neuropsychological tests. With these premises, we investigated the predictive ability of education and a life-experience proxy of CR on a widely used cognitive screening, i.e., the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Results show that including the more comprehensive life-experience CR proxy is better than considering only education in predicting expected cognitive performance. Based on the results of our analyses we provide normative data and cut-offs on 440 Italian individuals aged 50-90 years, by taking into account, for the first time for the Italian population, a CR index, together with demographic variables and Education, in the calculation of regression-based norms. Accounting for life-experience CR proxies can improve the accuracy of normative data and allow a finer estimation of cognitive performance, which lead to a more tailored approach to patient assessment.
Transboundary Watershed Pollution Control and Product Market Competition With Ecological Compensation and Emission Tax: A Dynamic Analysis
Authors: yi yongxi , Ding Caini , Fu Chunyan , Li Yuqiong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Product competition and pollution control are closely related to watershed environmental management, but existing literature rarely investigates them in an identical framework. Therefore, this paper develops a multiple differential game model to analyze product market competition and ecological compensation games between watershed regions based on the assumption that a region can choose four strategies to regulate its manufacturers while cooperating with other regions in the basin. Then, solve the model and obtain a simultaneous equilibrium between the governments and manufacturers for the first time. The results show that: the combination of emissions tax and ecological compensation results in the highest social welfare and water ecology for all regions in a basin. Furthermore, the ecological compensation rate independent of emissions tax policy and ecological compensation does not shift investment from downstream to upstream, but it can induce the upstream region to increase investment in management. In addition, if the governments impose an emissions tax, manufacturers' output in both regions decreases, and the upstream region is higher than in the downstream region.
Environmental Stress Determines The Colonization and Impact of An Endophytic Fungus On Invasive Knotweed
Authors: Garnica Sigisfredo , Liao Zhiyong , Hamard Samuel , Waller Frank , Parepa Madalin , Bossdorf Oliver 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
There is increasing evidence that microbes play a key role in some plant invasions. A diverse and widespread but little understood group of plant-associated microbes are the fungal root endophytes of the order Sebacinales. They are associated with exotic populations of invasive knotweed (Reynoutria ssp.) in Europe, but their effects on the invaders are unknown. We used the recently isolated Sebacinales root endophyte Serendipita herbamans to experimentally inoculate invasive knotweed and study root colonisation and effects on knotweed growth under different environmental conditions. We verified the inoculation success and fungal colonisation through immunofluorescence microscopy and qPCR. We found that S. herbamans strongly colonized invasive knotweed in low-nutrient and shade environments, but much less under drought or benign conditions. At low nutrients, the endophyte had a positive effect on plant growth, whereas the opposite was true under shaded conditions. Our study demonstrates that the root endophyte S. herbamans has the potential to colonize invasive knotweed fine roots and impact its growth, and it could thus also play a role in natural populations. Our results also show that effects of fungal endophytes on plants can be strongly environment-dependent, and may only be visible under stressful environmental conditions.
Coxiella burnetii seroprevalence in primiparous and multiparous ewes from southern Australia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Clune Thomas , Lockwood Amy , Hancock Serina , Thompson Andrew N. , Bruce Mieghan , Beetson Susan , Campbell Angus J , Glanville Elsa , Brookes Daniel , Trengove Colin , Jacobson Caroline 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Coxiella burnetii can cause reproductive disease in sheep and zoonotic Q-fever infections in humans. The role of infectious diseases including coxiellosis in causing poorer reproductive performance of primiparous ewes is not well studied. The aim of this study was to determine if natural exposure to C. burnetii is associated with poor reproductive performance of primiparous ewes and compare seroprevalence of primiparous and multiparous ewes. Coxiella burnetii seroprevalence was 0.08% (95% confidence interval 0.01, 0.36) in primiparous ewes and 0.36% (0.07, 1.14) in mature ewes. Coxiella burnetii was not detected in tissue samples from aborted or stillborn lambs using molecular diagnostic tests (qPCR). These findings suggest that C. burnetii infection was unlikely to be an important contributor to abortion and perinatal mortalities observed for primiparous ewes, and exposure to C. burnetii was not widespread in ewes on farms located over wide geographical region of southern Australia.
Computational Identification of Guillain-Barre Syndrome Related Genes by an mRNA Gene Expression Profile and a Protein-Protein Interaction Network
Authors: Wang Chunyang , Liao Shiwei , Hu Xiaowei , Xu Jing 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
In this study, we developed a computational method to identify Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) related genes based on (i) a gene expression profile, and (ii) the shortest path analysis in a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network.
Results
Totally 30 GBS related genes were screened out, in which 20 were retrieved from PPI analysis of up-regulated expressed genes and 23 were from down-regulated expressed genes (13 overlap genes). GO enrichment and KEGG enrichment analysis were performed respectively. Results showed that there were some overlap GO terms and KEGG pathway terms in both up-regulated and down-regulated analysis, which indicated these terms may play critical role during GBS process.
Discussion
These results could shed some light on the understanding of the Genetic and molecular pathogenesis of GBS disease, providing basis for future experimental biology studies and for the development of effective genetic strategies for GBS clinical therapies.
Sex Differences in Blood Pressure and the Kidney Cortex Transcriptome in Nonhuman Primates
Authors: Riojas Angelica M , Spradling-Reeves Kimberly D. , Shade Robert E. , Puppala Sobha R. , Christensen Clinton L. , Birnbaum Shifra , Glenn Jeremy P. , Hall-Ursone Shannan , Cox Laura A. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Hypertension is a complex disease influenced by sex, and genetic and environmental factors. Blood pressure (BP) is a continuous trait that is heritable in primates, including humans and baboons. The kidneys play a role in systemically regulating BP. Sex differences in BP onset and control with antihypertensive drug therapies have been observed in humans and rodents. Hypertension studies in nonhuman primates (NHP) to date have focused on males. We hypothesized that there are differences in renal molecular networks associated with BP in female and male primates. Sodium-naïve female (n=8) and male (n=9) baboons were fed a low-sodium chow diet prior to and during the study. Implantable telemetry devices continuously monitored heart rate and blood pressure over 24-hours, and ultrasound-guided kidney biopsies were collected for RNA-Seq. Serum 17 beta-estradiol concentration correlated BP in females. BP in males correlated with Na+ intake, blood urea nitrogen, and glucose. Cell type composition of renal biopsies was consistent between females and males. Sex differences were observed in the kidney transcriptomes by principal components analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Network analysis revealed HNF4A, ESR1, ESR2, SMARCA4, TP53, and NR3C1 as BP regulators in males. Our results demonstrate sex differences in primate kidney molecular networks and provide evidence of a novel link between renal transcription factors and BP regulation in males. Understanding sex differences and transcriptome variation in primate kidneys correlated with BP and clinical measures associated with BP will inform better therapies towards the goal of precision medicine for women and men.