bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of persistent SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in oral mucosal fluid and upper respiratory tract specimens following COVID-19 mRNA vaccination
Authors: Mades Aubree , Chellamathu Prithivi , Kojima Noah , Lopez Lauren , MacMullan Melanie A. , Denny Nicholas , Angel Aaron N. , Santacruz Marilisa , Casian Joseph G. , Brobeck Matthew , Nirema Nina , Klausner Jeffrey D. , Turner Frederick , Slepnev Vladimir I. , Ibrayeva Albina 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCOVID-19 mRNA vaccines are highly effective at preventing COVID-19. Prior studies have found detectable SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in oral mucosal specimens of participants with history of COVID-19. To assess the development of oral SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies among people who received either the Moderna or Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccination series, we developed a novel SARS-CoV-2 IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to quantify the concentrations of oral and nasal mucosal SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels. We enrolled 52 participants who received the Moderna vaccine and 80 participants who received the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine. Oral mucosal specimens were self-collected by participants prior to or on the day of vaccination, and on days 5, 10, 15, and 20 following each vaccination dose and 30, 60, and 90 days following the second vaccination dose. A subset of the cohort provided additional nasal mucosal specimens at every time point. All participants developed detectable oral mucosal SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies by 15 days after the first vaccination dose. There were no significant differences in oral mucosal antibody concentrations once participants were fully vaccinated in the Moderna and Pfizer/BioNTech vaccines. Oral or nasal mucosal antibody testing could be an inexpensive and less invasive alternative to serum antibody testing. Further research is needed to understand the duration of detectable oral or nasal mucosal antibodies and how antibody concentrations change with time.
Oral and Laryngeal Diadochokinesis Across the Life Span: A Scoping Review of Methods, Reference Data, and Clinical Applications
Authors: Kent Ray D. , Kim Yunjung , Chen Li-mei 
Published: December 2021

Purpose:The aim of this study was to conduct a scoping review of research on oral and laryngeal diadochokinesis (DDK) in children and adults, either typically developing/developed or with a clinical diagnosis.Method:Searches were conducted with PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar, CINAHL, and legacy sources in retrieved articles. Search terms included the following: DDK, alternating motion rate, maximum repetition rate, sequential motion rate, and syllable repetition rate.Results:Three hundred sixty articles were retrieved and included in the review. Data source tables for children and adults list the number and ages of study participants, DDK task, and language(s) spoken. Cross-sectional data for typically developing children and typically developed adults are compiled for the monosyllables /pʌ/, /tʌ/, and /kʌ/; the trisyllable /pʌtʌkʌ/; and laryngeal DDK. In addition, DDK results are summarized for 26 disorders or conditions.Discussion:A growing number of multidisciplinary reports on DDK affirm its role in clinical practice and research across the world. Atypical DDK is not a well-defined singular entity but rather a label for a collection of disturbances associated with diverse etiologies, including motoric, structural, sensory, and cognitive. The clinical value of DDK can be optimized by consideration of task parameters, analysis method, and population of interest.
An Attempt to Estimate the Noises in Homeopathic Pathogenetic Trials by Employing the Jaccard Similarity Index and Noise Index
Authors: Poruthukaren Kurian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background The critical task of researchers conducting double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled homeopathic pathogenetic trials is to segregate the signals from the noises. The noises are signs and symptoms due to factors other than the trial drug; signals are signs and symptoms due to the trial drug. Unfortunately, the existing tools (criteria for a causal association of symptoms only with the tested medicine, qualitative pathogenetic index, quantitative pathogenetic index, pathogenic index) have limitations in analyzing the symptoms of the placebo group as a comparator, resulting in inadequate segregation of the noises. Hence, the Jaccard similarity index and the Noise index are proposed for analyzing the symptoms of the placebo group as a comparator.
Methods The Jaccard similarity index is the ratio of the number of common elements among the placebo and intervention groups to the aggregated number of elements in these groups. The Noise index is the ratio of common elements among the placebo and intervention group to the total elements of the intervention group. Homeopathic pathogenetic trials of Plumbum metallicum, Piper methysticum and Hepatitis C nosode were selected for experimenting with the computation of the Jaccard similarity index and the Noise index.
Results Jaccard similarity index calculations show that 8% of Plumbum metallicum's elements, 10.7% of Piper methysticum's elements, and 19.3% of Hepatitis C nosode's elements were similar to the placebo group when elements of both the groups (intervention and placebo) were aggregated. Noise index calculations show that 10.7% of Plumbum metallicum's elements, 13.9% of Piper methysticum's elements and 25.7% of Hepatitis C nosode's elements were similar to those of the placebo group.
Conclusion The Jaccard similarity index and the Noise index might be considered an additional approach for analyzing the symptoms of the placebo group as a comparator, resulting in better noise segregation in homeopathic pathogenetic trials.
Preliminary experimental investigation on small-aspect-ratio cylindrical solid liner implosion using compact pulsed power generator
Authors: Zhang Xuping , Shui Rongjie , Xu Chao , Wu Gang , Chen Xuemiao , Wang Guiji , Luo Binqiang , Tan Fuli , Zhao Jianheng , Sun Chengwei , Liu Cangli 
Published: December 2021

Small-aspect-ratio cylindrical liner implosion on timescales of the order of hundreds of nanoseconds is important in the fields of high-energy-density physics, implosion dynamics, and inertial confinement fusion. This paper describes the design and development of a cylindrical liner load that has a low inductance and uniform magnetic field and its application in the CQ7 compact pulsed power generator. The dynamic response properties and implosion symmetry of liners with aspect ratios ranging from 5 to 9 are investigated. The experimental results show that the azimuthal symmetry of the liner remains intact, and that a liner with an inner diameter of 6.2 mm and a thickness of 0.4 mm can be accelerated up to 10 km/s before the reflected beam is lost. The demonstrated high performance of the experimental technique used for imploding the liner could be beneficial for studying the implosion and dynamics of materials on compact pulse power generators in the future.
Adsorption, and controlled release of doxorubicin from cellulose acetate/polyurethane/multi-walled carbon nanotubes composite nanofibers
Authors: Alisani Reza , Rakhshani Navid , Abolhallaj Maryam , Motevalli Foojan , Abadi Parvaneh Ghaderi-shekhi , Akrami Mohammad , Shahrousvand Mohsen , Jazi Fariborz Sharifian , Irani Mohammad 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The cellulose acetate (CA)/poly (ε-caprolactone diol)/poly (tetramethylene ether) glycol-polyurethane (PCL-Diol/PTMG-PU)/multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composite nanofibers were prepared via two-nozzle electrospinning on both counter sides of the collector. The performance of synthesized composite nanofibers was investigated as an environmental application and anticancer delivery system for the adsorption/release of doxorubicin (DOX). The synergic effect of MWCNTs and DOX incorporated into the nanofibers was investigated against LNCaP prostate cancer cells. The status of MWCNTs and DOX in composite nanofibers was demonstrated by SEM, FTIR and UV–vis determinations. The adsorption tests using nanofibrous adsorbent toward DOX sorption was evaluated under various DOX initial concentrations (100–2000 mg l−1 ), adsorption times (5–120 min), and pH values (pH:2–9). Due to the fitting of isotherm and kinetic data with Redlich–Peterson and pseudo-second order models, both chemisorption and surface adsorption of DOX molecules mechanisms have been predicted. The drug release from both nanofibers and MWCNTs-loaded nanofibers was compared. The better drug sustained release profiles verified in the presence of composite nanofibers. LNCaP prostate cancer and L929 normal cells were treated to investigate the cytotoxicity and compatibility of synthesized composite nanofibers. The apoptosis/necrosis of hybrid nanofibers and MWCNTs loaded-nanofibers was investigated. The obtained results demonstrated the synergic effects of MWCNTs and DOX loaded-nanofibers on the LNCaP prostate cancer cells death.
Microemulsions and nanoemulsions modified with cationic surfactants for improving the solubility and therapeutic efficacy of loaded drug indomethacin
Authors: Mirgorodskaya Alla B , Koroleva Marina Yu , Kushnazarova Rushana A , Mishchenko Ekaterina V , Petrov Konstantin A , Lenina Oxana A , Vyshtakalyuk Alexandra B , Voloshina Alexandra D , Zakharova Lucia Ya 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this work, a noncovalent strategy was successfully used to modify colloidal stability and in vitro and in vivo efficacy of two amphiphilic formulations of the anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin. Namely, nanoemulsions and microemulsions based on oleic acid and nonionic surfactants have been produced and compared. The influence of cationic surfactants cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and its carbamate bearing analogue on the size characteristics, stability and ability to provide prolonged action of loaded drug indomethacin has been evaluated. Adding the positively charged molecules in the surface layer of nanoemulsions and microemulsions has shown the stability increase along with maintaining the size characteristics and homogeneity in time. Moreover, the carbamate modified analogue demonstrated beneficial behavior. Indomethacin loaded in microemulsions and nanoemulsions showed prolonged-release (10%–15% release for 5 h) compared to a free drug (complete release for 5 h). The rate of release of indomethacin from nanoemulsions was slightly higher than from microemulsions and insignificantly decreased with an increase in the concentration of the cationic surfactant. For carbamate surfactant nanocarrier loaded with fluorescence probe Nile Red, the ability to penetrate into the cell was supported by flow cytometry study and visualized by fluorescence microscopy. In vitro tests on anti-inflammatory activity of the systems demonstrated that the blood cell membrane stabilization increased in the case of modified microemulsion. The anti-inflammatory activity of the encapsulated drug was tested in rats using a carrageenan-induced edema model. Nanoemulsions without cationic surfactants appeared more efficient compared to microemulsions. Indomethacin emulsion formulations with carbamate surfactant added showed slower carrageenan-induced edema progression compared to unmodified compositions. Meanwhile, the edema completely disappeared upon treatment with emulsion loaded indomethacin after 4 h in the case of microemulsions versus 5 h in the case of nanoemulsions.
Design, manufacturing, and performance evaluation of a novel smart roller bearing equipped with shape memory alloy wires
Authors: Li Shuai , Hedayati Dezfuli Farshad , Alam M Shahria , Wang Jing-quan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this study, a new type of seismic isolation device, called shape memory alloy (SMA) wire-based roller bearing (SMA-RB) is developed and introduced. The SMA-RB has been designed, manufactured, and experimentally tested. This bearing consists of cylindrical roller bearings and SMA wires with straight or cross configurations, as supplementary damping elements. In such a smart bearing, the superelastic (SE) SMA wires are passed through the hooks/pulleys attached to the supporting plates of the bearings in different configurations. The rollers provide lateral flexibility, and SMA wires supply energy dissipation and self-centering (SC) properties. In the manufacturing stage, a new mechanism for coupling wires (i.e. SMA wire joiner/coupler) is proposed. The results show that SMA wires, made of nickle titanium (NiTi), provide a SC damping mechanism with almost zero residual deformation which can effectively control the device from over-displacement. While using pulleys and newly designed wire joiners in the SMA-RB, the bearing can experience a stable cyclic behavior. Since the rollers generate a negligible amount of frictional force, the SE NiTi wires with a flag-shaped hysteresis mainly contribute to the overall shear hysteretic response of the SMA-RB. A triangular-shaped constitutive model can be used to accurately describe the hysteretic behavior of SMA-RB with different wire configurations.
Building energy simulations for different building types equipped with a high performance thermochromic smart window
Authors: Mann D , Yeung C , Habets R , Vroon Z , Buskens P 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
With constantly progressing climate change and global warming, we face the challenge to reduce our energy consumption and CO2 emission. To increase the energy-efficiency in buildings, we developed a thermochromic coating for smart windows which is optimized for intermediate climates. Here we present a building energy simulation study for the use of our smart window in the four main residential building types in the Netherlands. In the study we show that for all building types energy savings between 15-30% can be achieved. Hereby the impact of the windows on energy consumption is dependent on the window surface area as well as the total floor space. Furthermore we show that by the use of our new smart window, where the thermochromic coating is combined with a standard low-e coating, annual cost savings for energy between 220-445 € for a single household can be achieved. The thermochromic coating usually accounts for half of these cost savings, that is an addition in cost savings between 6-7.5 €/m2 glass. Due to the low material and processing costs for the thermochromic coating, a return on invest within 7 years should be feasible with these annual cost savings.
Developments to come to a circular construction economy; experiences in facilitating a local soil and sand depot
Authors: Entrop A G 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In the construction industry the ambition to come to a circular economy will, with its vast material usage, be a hard nut to crack. This paper describes a research project part of the H2020 Cityloops project, in which it was expected that soil and sand depots could be an interesting subject to study. Already for many years and in multiple municipalities, these depots help to overcome mismatches regarding quality and quantity in demand and request of soil and sand. With the ambition to close material loops the construction industry might experience these kinds of mismatches also for an increasing number of other resources in the nearby future. Having positive experiences with her soil and sand depot, the municipality of Apeldoorn was open to give insights in the flows at her open-air soil and sand depot. The conducted research helped making processes transparent and valuable insights were gained. However, considering the great variety in building materials, products and components, it currently seems possible to handle only a small number of other material flows in the same way soil and sand are being handled and stored at a depot.
The Circular Retrofit Lab: a multi-disciplinary development of a building envelope according to circular design qualities
Authors: Cambier Charlotte , Poppe Jeroen , Galle Waldo , Elsen Stijn , Temmerman Niels De 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
From 2016 until 2019, the Circular Retrofit Lab (CRL) was realised within the H2020-funded project Building As Material Banks (BAMB). The CRL was an experimental pilot project concerning the refurbishment of eight student housing modules in Brussels, Belgium. The lab aims to demonstrate how to implement circular building design in a retrofitting project. This paper discusses the design choices and the outcome of the CRL’s building envelope. That envelope consists of a modular façade system of prefabricated panels. The innovative, adaptable and reusable building solutions applied in the CRL have been developed in collaboration with various construction stakeholders and included, exceptionally in the design and construction process, also industrial partners. In this study, we go deeper into the impact of the multi-disciplinary approach on the resulting implementation of a circular building envelope. Through a reflexive learning-history workshop, we can show how the involvement of various actors and unconventional circularity requirements increase the complexity of the project, but also how they positively impact the reactivation of existing buildings and proved to be a lasting learning opportunity to all partners involved.
Legal instruments for the design of sustainable buildings
Authors: Kretschmer A , Zabek M , Tran K , Hildebrand L 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Currently the building sector is under high pressure: the lack of affordable housing in conurbations and the need to implement environmental performance strategies require concepts that incorporate user needs with planetary boundaries. Against the background of global population growth and a rising demand for resources, urban densification is regarded as a major global trend. The pressure on cities is already recognizable today and studies predict a growing tendency for the next three decades. This is a sensitive situation which provides not only the chance but also the urgent necessity to implement strategies to reduce climate change effects. Regulations are necessary to guide this process in the building sector. Timber construction as well as reused and recycled material show potential to be part of the solution. Against this background, the research deals with the status-quo of current legal instruments to design and construct sustainable buildings. This article provides an overview of the legal instruments in relation to sustainable building processes in the German construction industry with a focus on timber buildings. The relevant standards and guidelines for sustainable building design are investigated by literature review. This includes German Model Building Code (MBO), parts of the DIN standards, the German Building Code (BauGB) and the Building Usage Ordinance (BauNVO) as well as the Model Timber Construction Directive (M-HFHHolzR). The regulations are applied on a multi-residential building in Cologne and discussed whether regulations are enabler or obstacle for this specific project. The results of the study show the urgent need for more flexibility within current inner-city projects to pursue an environmentally friendly design and construction.
Review of archetype development strategies for energy assessment at urban scale
Authors: Colleto G M , Gomes V 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Understanding the built environment’s impacts is essential to support strategic planning and policy design for sustainable development now, and in the future. Modelling individual buildings and infrastructure at high level of detail is resource intensive. Thus, urban scale analyses demand simplifications that balance level of detail and scope broadness. For combining simplified modelling and extended scope, classification by archetypes emerge as a promising methodological approach to extend assessment scope beyond energy use simulation. Archetypes that include life cycle assessment (LCA) parameters can support circularity challenges diagnosis, mapping and predictions, strategies to close material and energy loops and their monitoring within urban built environments. We hypothesized that, upon limited complementation, operational and pre/post construction (embodied) datasets coupled with building grouping techniques satisfactorily represent the built stock to support cradle to grave LCA of built environments. Studies on the use of archetypes for this purpose are scarce, so this article reports findings of a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) on archetypes-based approaches for energy assessment that could inspire application in LCA studies at urban scale. The SLR highlighted a lack of methodological consensus, and that data availability seems to be the major limitation for archetype creation in most studies, which rarely present in-depth information on their development. The few investigations providing consistent methodological procedures actually detail the initial classification process. Transposing the archetype strategy from energy assessment to LCA at urban scale faces practical limitations. Several databases support operational energy studies, but the same does not apply to LCA. Urban building energy models typically overlook infrastructure. Also, statistical results depend directly on data input quality and data availability may compromise the quality of variable selection.
Bijlmermeer and Scampia: The potential of suburbs as centralities in sustainable and circular cities
Authors: Chiara Mazzarella P , Remoy Hilde 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In the sustainable paradigm of the circular economy, waste is a resource to be valued. Similarly, in the circular city, fringe areas and urban wastescapes are places full of potential. This study consider two modern suburbs in Amsterdam and Naples. The two cases aims to compare the characteristics, potential and problems of the two districts and the ongoing actions for sustainable or circular urban regeneration. The objective is to identify the potential of these two European suburbs in the wider process of development of fair and circular cities. Therefore, this paper aims to answer to the following research question: Based on the two case studies Bijlmermeer and Scampia, what is the potential for circular and socially sustainable urban transformation of the 1960s suburbs? Analysing the main changes that have taken place over the last ten years in these complex areas, the main drivers are identified with the historical value of modern architecture landmarks, the opportunities offered by big green public spaces in dense urbanized areas, the presence of active place-based communities and their position in nodal points of the metropolitan areas.