<p>Posisi kondilus setelah perawatan ortodontik pada maloklusi kelas II divisi 1 dengan pencabutan premolar</p><p>Condylar position after orthodontic treatment in class II division 1 malocclusion with premolar extraction</p>
Authors: Andini Dhani Ayu , Purbiati Maria , Suria Nia Ayu Ismaniati , Tanti Ira 
Published: April 2021

Pendahuluan: Maloklusi kelas II divisi 1 dilaporkan seringkali memicu terjadinya gangguan sendi temporomandibula. Posisi kondilus mengalami perubahan pada akhir perawatan ortodontik dengan pencabutan premolar pada maloklusi kelas II divisi 1. Tujuan penelitian menganalisis posisi kondilus pada akhir perawatan ortodontik supaya dapat memberikan pelayanan yang efektif dan komprehensif kepada pasien. Metode: Jenis penelitian deskriptif observasional dengan desain kohort dilakukan pada Klinik Spesialis RSKGM FKG UI dari Maret sampai Mei 2019. Subjek sebanyak 30 orang mengalami maloklusi kelas II divisi 1 yang memiliki gejala gangguan temporomandibular yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Metode sampling yang digunakan adalah sampling konsekutif. Foto transkranial dibandingkan dan diukur ruang sendinya bagian anterior, posterior dan superior dan dianalisis menggunakan uji Mc Nemar. Hasil: Sebelum dan sesudah perawatan ortodontik, posisi kondilus kanan dan kiri tidak mengalami perubahan yang signifikan (p>0,05). Sebelum dan sesudah perawatan ortodontik, AJS (Anterior Joint Space), PJS (Posterior Joint Space), SS (Superior Space) kanan dan kiri tidak mengalami perubahan yang signifikan (p>0,05). Gejala gangguan sendi temporomandibula pada akhir perawatan ortodontik adalah kliking dan krepitasi dilaporkan masih ada sedangkan gejala tidak nyaman dan keterbatasan membuka mulut dilaporkan sudah hilang. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan posisi kondilus kanan dan kiri, sebelum dan sesudah perawatan ortodontik dengan pencabutan premolar pada maloklusi kelas II divisi 1. Keluhan gangguan sendi temporomandibular tidak ditemukan lagi pada akhir perawatan ortodontik.Kata kunci: Posisi kondilus, perawatan ortodontik, maloklusi kelas II divisi 1, pencabutan premolar. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Class II division 1 malocclusion is reported to trigger temporomandibular joint disorders often. The position of the condyles changed at the end of orthodontic treatment with premolar removal in class II division 1 malocclusion. This study aimed to analyse the position of the condyles at the end of orthodontic treatment to provide effective and comprehensive services to patients. Methods: This type of descriptive observational study with a cohort design was conducted at the Specialist Clinic of University of Indonesia Dental Hospital from March to May 2019. Thirty subjects experienced class II division 1 malocclusion who had temporomandibular disorders that met the inclusion criteria. The sampling method used was consecutive sampling. Transcranial radiographs were compared, and anterior, posterior and superior joint spaces were measured and analysed using the McNemar test. Results: Before and after orthodontic treatment, the position of the right and left condyles did not change significantly (p>0.05). Before and after orthodontic treatment, AJS (Anterior Joint Space), PJS (Posterior Joint Space), SS (Superior Space) right and left did not change significantly (p>0.05). Symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorder at the end of orthodontic treatment were clicking, and crepitus was reported to be present, while the symptoms of discomfort and limited opening of the mouth were reported to have disappeared. Conclusion: There is no difference in the position of the right and left condyles before and after orthodontic treatment with premolar extraction in class II division 1 malocclusion. Complaints of temporomandibular joint disorders were not found again at the end of orthodontic treatment. Keywords: Condyle position, orthodontic treatment, class II division 1 malocclusion, premolar extraction.