bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Development of Naitō Konan’s Progressive View of History: A Point of Convergance with Zhang Xuecheng’s Wenshi tongyi
Authors: De-min Tao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
An important feature of Naitō Konan’s historiography is his progressive view of history. The development of this progressive view came not only from modern Western scholarship but also from early-modern Chinese and Japanese traditional scholarship. Examples of such Chinese scholarship are Du You’s Tong dian, Zhu Xi’s Zhuzi yu lei, Wang Yinglin’s Kunxue jiwen and Zhang Xuecheng’s Wen shi tong yi, which were all works that Naitō liked to read. This essay will show Naitō’s points of convergence with Zhang Xuecheng’s scholarship, in particular, his advocating that the Six Classics are all historical works, and will evaluate Naitō’s attempts to fi nd spiritual similarities between Chinese and Western scholarship.
Towards a typology of predicative demonstratives
Authors: Killian Don 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Although there has been growing interest in the study of demonstratives, a number of demonstrative categories remain largely unexplored. This article addresses one gap, presenting a preliminary typological overview of predicative demonstratives, a type of demonstrative used primarily in non-verbal predication constructions. The morphosyntax of predicative demonstratives is first briefly examined, followed by a typological characterization based primarily on semantic and morphosyntactic grounds. Predicative demonstratives focus on the immediately surrounding spatial, temporal, or textual environment of the speech act, showing restrictions on occurring in negated clauses or questions. In terms of lexical categorization, predicative demonstratives most commonly find themselves in a small closed word class of non-verbal predicators. Four types of predicative demonstratives are proposed here: Presentatives, identifiers, localizers, and the rare copular demonstratives.
In order that– a data-driven study of symptoms and causes of obsolescence
Authors: Rudnicka Karolina 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper is an empirical case study of grammatical obsolescence in progress. The main variable of study is the English purpose subordinatorin order that, which is shown to be steadily decreasing in its frequency of use, starting from the beginning of the twentieth century. This work applies a data-driven approach for the investigation and description of obsolescence, recently developed by Rudnicka, Karolina. 2019.The Statistics of obsolescence: Purpose subordinators in Late Modern English. NIHIN: New Ideas in Human Interaction: Studies. Freiburg: Rombach. The methodology combines philological analysis with statistical methods used on data acquired from mega-corpora. Moving from the description of possible symptoms of obsolescence to different causes for it, the paper aims at presenting a comprehensive account of the studied phenomenon. Interestingly, a very significant role in the decline ofin order thatcan be ascribed to the so-called higher-order processes, understood as processes influencing the constructional level from above. Two kinds of higher-order processes are shown to play an important role, namely i) an externally-motivated higher-order process exemplified by the drastic socio-cultural changes of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and ii) an internally-motivated higher-order process instantiated by the rise of theto-infinitive (rise of infinite clauses).
Removal of decidedly lethal metal arsenic from water using metal organic frameworks: a critical review
Authors: Ahmad Khalil , Shah Habib-Ur-Rehman , Ashfaq Muhammad , Nawaz Haq 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Water contamination is worldwide issue, undermining whole biosphere, influencing life of a large number of individuals all over the world. Water contamination is one of the chief worldwide danger issues for death, sickness, and constant decrease of accessible drinkable water around the world. Among the others, presence of arsenic, is considered as the most widely recognized lethal contaminant in water bodies and poses a serious threat not exclusively to humans but also towards aquatic lives. Hence, steps must be taken to decrease quantity of arsenic in water to permissible limits. Recently, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with outstanding stability, sorption capacities, and ecofriendly performance have empowered enormous improvements in capturing substantial metal particles. MOFs have been affirmed as good performance adsorbents for arsenic removal having extended surface area and displayed remarkable results as reported in literature. In this review we look at MOFs which have been recently produced and considered for potential applications in arsenic metal expulsion. We have delivered a summary of up-to-date abilities as well as significant characteristics of MOFs used for this removal. In this review conventional and advanced materials applied to treat water by adsorptive method are also discussed briefly.
Legal Regulation of Federal Budget Expenditures on National Projects
Authors: Shevelko Dmitrii A. 
Published: May 2021

The article analyzes features of the legal regulation of national and federal projects. More than three years have passed since their approval, which forms the basis of this analysis. The purpose of the study was to determine the current state of legal regulation of national projects, including expert assessments from the scientific community. Within this framework, a hypothesis was proposed about legal gaps that affect the implementation of national goals and projects. The objectives of the study are to identify the advantages and disadvantages of regulating national projects and to compare them with the May decrees of the President of Russia and state programs.
The results revealed positive and negative trends in the current legal status of national projects. On the one hand, the author draws attention to the repetition of mistakes in the implementation of the May decrees of the President of Russia and state programs. In particular, the regulatory legal acts do not define the procedure for calculating the financial security of the projects. As a result, they risk failure to achieve their national goals. Systematic problems with the implementation of strategic planning documents indicate a lack of analysis of their shortcomings. At the same time, the methodology for developing new documents could be adjusted within the frameworks. On the other hand, the advantages of legal regulation are also revealed. Among them are the allocation of regulations outside the BC of the Russian Federation, the acceleration of bureaucratic procedures, a minimum list of regulatory legal acts, and expanded powers of the curators. The main drawback was the failure to consolidate the process of preparing a financial justification for the expenditure of national projects (federal projects). At the same time, this disadvantage leads to the risk of leveling all the positive elements of the legal regulation model.
Assessment of age at menarche and menstrual pattern among secondary school girls in Awka, Southeast Nigeria
Authors: Ezenyeaku Cyril C. , Ezebialu Ifeanyichukwu U. , Umeobika Joseph C. , Akabike Josephat , Ezenyeaku Chijioke A. , Ojiyi Chukwuemeka E. , Okeke Tochukwu C. 
Published: May 2021

Background: Menarche is an important physiological milestone in girls and this usually occurs during their secondary school years. The menstrual pattern may vary in these adolescents. This knowledge may assist in counselling the young girls on reproductive health issues.Methods: A cross-sectional study of female secondary school students from Kenneth Dike secondary school, Awka; Amaenyi girls’ secondary school and community secondary school, Okpuno, all in Awka, Anambra state of Nigeria. All together 545 students were selected following informed consent. The study instrument was a pre-tested, semi-structured and self-administered questionnaire. Data analysis was done with IBM SPSS 20 software. Tests of association between variables were done with Fisher’s exact test and the level of significance set at p≤0.05. Results: The mean age of the 545 respondents was 16.79±1.736 years and majority of them are of the Igbo ethnic group (90.5%). The average age at menarche was 12.77±1.159 years. There is a significant difference between the age at menarche and the father’s occupation. The modal duration of flow was 4 days (48.7%) while 95.2% had a normal cycle length of 21-35 days.Conclusions: The average age of menarche of secondary school girls in Awka was 12.77±1.159 years. Most of the students had normal menstrual flow duration of 2-7 days with a cycle length of 21-35 days.
Assessment of prognostic value of FT3, FT4 and TSH among critically ill patients
Authors: Giri Richa , Yadav Pravin Kumar , Agarwal Saurabh , Kumar Lalit 
Published: May 2021

Background: Thyroid dysfunction is found to be associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates in intensive care unit (ICU) admitted patients. Critically ill patients who were admitted to ICU showed free triiodothyronine (FT3) levels to be an independent and important predictor of mortality. Decreased levels of free thyroxine (T4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) showed an indication of worsening of disease and poor prognosis. The most common thyroid hormonal change reported in critically ill patients is reduced serum T3 level. The aim of this study was assessment and prognostic value of thyroid function values among critically ill patients.Methods: The prospective observational study was conducted at department of medicine, at tertiary care hospital of Kanpur, India on 100 critically ill patients admitted who were more than 18 years of age. Patients with history s/o previous thyroid illness and documented thyroid disease, and clinically evident thyroid enlargement were excluded from the study.Results: 50 (50.0%) of 100 patients were males and 50 (50.0%) were females. A total 44.0% mortality was reported with 57±11.96 years of mean age of non-survivors. Only FT3 of thyroid functions have shown statistically highly significant differences (p<0.01). Conclusions: In our study patient admitted in ICU, FT3 was the strongest predictor of ICU mortality in comparison to all other important parameters included in our study.
Distress, anxiety, depression and unmet needs in thyroid cancer survivors: a longitudinal study
Authors: Dionisi-Vici Margherita , Fantoni Marta , Botto Rossana , Nervo Alice , Felicetti Francesco , Rossetto Ruth , Gallo Marco , Arvat Emanuela , Torta Riccardo , Leombruni Paolo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Despite a good prognosis, thyroid cancer (TC) survivors often report psychological distress and decreased quality of life. This longitudinal study aims to evaluate TC survivors’ levels of distress, anxiety, depression and unmet needs, checking potential life events. Methods: Distress Thermometer, Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, Supportive Care Need Survey (short form) and Interview for Recent Life Events were administered to 73 TC survivors (T0) and 44 of them were re-tested one year later (T1). Participants were at 0-5, 5-10 or >10 years from the end of their cancer-related treatments. Results: At T0, distress, anxiety and depression mean scores were 6.4, 6.8 and 5.3, while at T1 they were 5.5, 4.8 and 5.1. Only anxiety scores decreased significantly between T0 and T1. 50.7% of patients had unmet psychological needs at T0 and 31.8% at T1. Most participants were satisfied in the communicative/ informative (T0:79.5%; T1: 77.3%) and social/health care areas (T0:74%; T1:75%). The most experienced stressful events detected concerned their working areas.Conclusions: Results confirmed that patients reported distress, anxiety and depression concerns even many years after the end of treatments. Both medical and psychological surveillance are relevant to improving TC survivors’ wellbeing.
Human-efficient labeling of a solar flux emergence video dataset by a deep learning model
Authors: Chatterjee Subhamoy , Munoz-Jaramillo Andres , Lamb Derek 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Machine learning is becoming a critical tool for interrogation of large complex data. However, labeling large datasets is time-consuming. Here we show that convolutional neural networks (CNNs), trained on crudely labeled astronomical videos, can be leveraged to improve the quality of data labeling and reduce the need for human intervention. We use videos of the solar photospheric magnetic field, crudely labeled into two classes: emergence or non-emergence of large bipolar magnetic regions (BMRs). We train the CNN using crude labeling, manually verify, correct labeling vs. CNN disagreements, and repeat this process until convergence. This results in a high-quality labeled dataset requiring the manual verification of only ~50% of all videos. Furthermore, by gradually masking the videos and looking for maximum change in CNN inference, we locate BMR emergence time without retraining the CNN. This demonstrates the versatility of CNNs for simplifying the challenging task of labeling complex dynamic events.
Estimating TBM Specific Energy by Employing the Rock Mass Strain Energy, A Case Study: Karaj – Tehran Water Conveyance Tunnel located in Iran
Authors: Mirahmadi Majid 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Recently energy costs are increasing so it is critical to master the challenge of energy efficiency. Energy consumption for drilling in tunnel Boring Machines (TBMs) is mainly determined by the specific energy. Specific energy is the amount of energy needed to excavate a unit volume of rock mass and is considered one of the important parameters used for performance prediction of TBMs. This study tries to apply the strain energy of a rock mass to develop a new method for foretelling specific energy for TBM. The area under complete stress–strain curve is known as strain energy which is pertinent to the rock mass behavior, pre and post failure properties, peak strain and post peak strain. In this study statistical analysis performed through collected actual data from Karaj Tehran Water Conveyance Tunnel revealed a new relationship between the specific energy used by TBM (SE) and the strain energy. For more detailed study the rock mass classification is performed with respect to the geological strength index and all geological units are then classified in three classes and the specific energy of TBM is predicted based on the strain energy of rock mass for each three classes. The results reveals that two parameters of the specific energy and the strain energy are in a direct relation whose correlation is increased with considering the rock mass classification based on the post peak behavior of rock mass.
Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis of Clinical Effectiveness of Self-Management Interventions In Parkinson’s
Authors: Pigott Jennifer , Kane Edward J , Ambler Gareth , Walters Kate , Schrag Anette 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
IntroductionParkinson’s is a complex neurodegenerative condition with significant impact on quality of life (QoL), wellbeing and function. This review evaluates the clinical effectiveness of self-management interventions for people with Parkinson’s, taking a broad view of self-management and considering effects on QoL, wellbeing and function.MethodsSystematic database searches were conducted for studies evaluating self-management interventions for people with Parkinson’s. Articles were independently reviewed by two reviewers, data extracted and synthesised through a narrative approach and meta-analysis for sufficiently similar studies. Interventions were broken down into self-management components using the PRISMS Taxonomy.Results36 studies were included, encompassing a range of study designs and evaluating a diverse array of interventions. Risk of bias was moderate to high for the majority of studies, mostly due to lack of participant blinding, which is not often practical for interventions of this nature. Four studies report significant improvements in QoL, wellbeing or functional outcomes for the intervention compared to controls. These interventions were group-based self-management education and training programmes, either alone, combined with multi-disciplinary rehabilitation, or combined with Cognitive Behaviour Therapy; and a self-guided community-based exercise programme. A meta-analysis could be conducted on four RCTs of self-management education and training programmes evaluating QoL, demonstrating no significant difference between the self-management and the control groups (p=0.38). Components more common in the RCTs with effective interventions and in those showing pre-post intervention improvement were: information about resources; training or rehearsing psychological strategies; social support; and lifestyle advice and support.ConclusionApproaches and outcomes to self-management interventions in Parkinson’s are heterogenous. There are insufficient high quality RCTs in this field to show effectiveness of self-management interventions in Parkinson’s. Whilst it is not possible to draw conclusions on specific intervention components that convey effectiveness, there are promising findings from some studies, which could be targeted in future evaluations.
Risk Factors of Falls in Hospitalized Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Wang Fei , Yu Jingwen , Wang Fen , Ji Qun , Gao Lan , Quan Huibiao , Chen Kaining , Jin Wei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background Falls of T2DM inpatients with multiple comorbidities not only lead to musculoskeletal injury but also prolonged duration of hospital stay due to delayed healing, original diseases aggravation and increased risk of nosocomial infection.Objective To determine the risk factors of falling in T2DM patients during hospitalization.Methods Clinical data are selected from the patients administered in the department of endocrinology in Hainan General Hospital from the year of 2015 to 2020 with 38 patients in the fall group and 38 patients in the non-fall group. Clinical features and diagnosis-treatment differences are analyzed between the two groups and the correlations of falls and variables are as well evaluated. Results Levels of FBG, LDL-C, ALP, Morse Fall Scale (MFS), treatment of insulin or secretagogue, frequency of hypoglycemic events, diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DN), diabetic retinopathy (DR), chronic kidney disease (CKD), coexistence of cerebral infarction (CI) and osteoporosis (OP) rates in fall group were higher than those in non-fall group (P<0.05), the serum albumin (ALB), HDL-C and ADL scores were lower in fall group than those in non-fall group; MFS score, frequency of hypoglycemic events, DN, DR, CKD, OP, CI, FBG, LDL-C and ALP levels were positively correlated with fall (P<0.05);on the other hand, 25 (OH) D, serum calcium, ALB, and HDL-C levels were negatively correlated with falls (P<0.05);Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that low level of HDL-C and cerebral infarction were the main risk factors of falls in T2DM inpatients, and the higher the HDL-C, the lower the risk of falls (OR=0.021,P=0.002).Besides, the risk of falling was higher in patients with concurrent cerebral infarction (OR=21.738,P=0.029).Conclusion Patients with chronic diabetic complications, cerebral infarction or osteoporosis, insulin or insulin secretagogue adminstration, high frequency of hypoglycemic events and low HDL-C level are at a higher risk of falling during hospitalization. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the occurrence of falling intensely, prescribe drugs with lower risk of hypoglycemia , and reinforce fall prevention education.
High Throughput Screening of Differentially Expressed Cytokines of Cerebrospinal Fluid to Predict the Progression of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease
Authors: Chen Junjie , Xiao Zijing , Li Peiqing , Yang Xiaoqi , Wang Jing , Wei Ru , Yang Sida , Qi Fangfang , Hu Dandan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) usually has a good prognosis, but in a small number of serious neurological complications can also occur especially to those younger than 3 years old children. Therefore, early diagnosis of hand, foot and mouth disease is very important to improve the cure rate of children with severe HFMD. In this study, we determined to find new potential disease-related indicators in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to predict the progression and prognosis of HFMD. We collected CSF samples from mild or severe HFMD in the acute phage. The 1000 cytokines in CSF samples were analyzed using the Raybiotec Cytokine array, then Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were carried out to evaluate the related biological process and potential signaling pathways. We successfully screened 9 DEPs, including CCL5, IL17c, EDAR, TACI, Nectin1, VCAM1, SIGLEC1, CD69 and ROBO4 in the CSF, which may be potential biomarkers for predicting disease progression and prognosis. CD69 and ROBO4 might be a specific indicator suggesting severe HFMD, while elevated expression of NECTIN1 might suggest disease improve, highlighting the potential to predict remission.
Synchronous Use of Hindakia Sp. For Electricity Generation and Dairy Wastewater Treatment
Authors: WasimRaja Sikkandhar , Thanuja Kalyanasundaram Geetha , Karthikeyan Subburamu , Marimuthu Subramanian 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper illustrates the potential of microalgae in electricity production in concurrence with wastewater treatment. In order to explore the potential biogenic algal strains, our study focused on the isolation of microalgal strains from various aquatic sources. Cyclic voltammetry was performed to detect the electrogenic activity and out of 18 algal isolates, six algal strains were screened. The cyclic voltammograms of Hindakia sp from the culture collection revealed the well-defined redox peak in contrast to the other algal strains. The electrogenic Hindakia sp. was also analyzed for their potential to remove nutrients in wastewater treatment. A fifteen days trial under lab scale race way pond was conducted to evaluate the performance of electrogenic algae. A significant decrease in N, P, BOD, COD, and TOC was observed. The removal efficiency of NH4-N, NO3-N, P, BOD, COD and TOC were 90.38, 90.24, 66.75, 67.15, 69.44, and 83.51 respectively. Hindakia sp was able to produce 13.79 mg/ml of EPS which paves way to a hydrated biofilm matrix that aids in better electrogenicity. To the best of our knowledge, EPS production, electrogenic activity and their utility in waste water treatment are reported for the first time in Hindakia sp. The results of our study demonstrated the combined beneficial traits of microalgae towards electricity production and waste water treatment.