bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On Common Speech
Authors: Kollu Sravanthi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe multilingual turn in literary studies emphasizes the fairly recent emergence of a monolingual attachment to language. While this rightly calls into question the academic focus on monolingual competencies and offers a substantial area of inquiry for scholars working with the linguistically diverse regions of South Asia, Africa, and the Middle East, this essay posits that the persistence of multilinguality among historical actors from these regions does not merit a shift away from monolingualism in contemporary scholarship. This argument derives from the claims analyzed in this essay, made by South Asian writers in colonial India, about the singularity of one's own language (swabhasha) and the writers' anxieties to protect this language from vulgar speech (gramyam). Building on contemporary work on the vernacular, the essay seeks to draw renewed attention to the role of speech in language debates in Telugu, a language whose particularity has not become a metonym either for the nation (like Hindi) or for a pan–South Indian identity (like Tamil). In tracing the movement from vulgar speech to proper language in this archive, this essay reframes vernacularity as an ethical compulsion premised on the common.
Artists in Residence
Authors: Muyumba Walton 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMixing criticism and memoir, “Artists in Residence” offers a rumination on improvisation and collaboration in visual art-making and contemporary jazz performance. The author meditates on the 2017 Unite the Right rally and Ryan Kelly's award-winning photographs of the event and considers how artists offer models for resisting anti-Black racism and white supremacy through collaborative practices. The author analyzes the documentary films Looks of a Lot and RFK in the Land of Apartheid and reviews exhibitions by Roy DeCarava and Jason Moran, highlighting the points of intersection between jazz musicianship and visual artistry. Finally, the essay argues that artists like Kara Walker, William Kentridge, and Yusef Komunyakaa create works that express the pleasure and pain of Black Diasporic experience through practices such as blues idiom improvisation and collage. The author presents criticism as a mode of personal writing.
Establishment and analysis of conditional Rab1- and Rab5-knockout cells using the auxin-inducible degron system
Authors: Hatoyama Yuki , Homma Yuta , Hiragi Shu , Fukuda Mitsunori 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
Two small GTPases, Rab1 and Rab5, are key membrane trafficking regulators that are conserved in all eukaryotes. They have recently been found to be essential for cell survival and/or growth in cultured mammalian cells, thereby precluding the establishment of Rab1-knockout (KO) and Rab5-KO cells, making it extremely difficult to assess the impact of complete Rab1 or Rab5 protein depletion on cellular functions. Here, we generated and analyzed cell lines with conditional KO (CKO) of either Rab1 (Rab1A and Rab1B) or Rab5 (Rab5A, Rab5B and Rab5C) by using the auxin-inducible protein degradation system. Rab1 CKO and Rab5 CKO led to eventual cell death from 18 h and 48 h, respectively, after auxin exposure. After acute Rab1 protein depletion, the Golgi stack and ribbon structures were completely disrupted, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-to-Golgi trafficking was severely inhibited. Moreover, we discovered a novel Rab1-depletion phenotype: perinuclear clustering of early endosomes and delayed transferrin recycling. In contrast, acute Rab5 protein depletion resulted in loss of early endosomes and late endosomes, but lysosomes appeared to be normal. We also observed a dramatic reduction in the intracellular signals of endocytic cargos via receptor-mediated or fluid-phase endocytosis in Rab5-depleted cells.
Structural model of human PORCN illuminates disease-associated variants and drug-binding sites
Authors: Yu Jia , Liao Pei-Ju , Xu Weijun , Jones Julie R. , Everman David B. , Flanagan-Steet Heather , Keller Thomas H. , Virshup David M. 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
Wnt signaling is essential for normal development and is a therapeutic target in cancer. The enzyme PORCN, or porcupine, is a membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT) that is required for the post-translational modification of all Wnts, adding an essential mono-unsaturated palmitoleic acid to a serine on the tip of Wnt hairpin 2. Inherited mutations in PORCN cause focal dermal hypoplasia, and therapeutic inhibition of PORCN slows the growth of Wnt-dependent cancers. Based on homology to mammalian MBOAT proteins, we developed and validated a structural model of human PORCN. The model accommodates palmitoleoyl-CoA and Wnt hairpin 2 in two tunnels in the conserved catalytic core, shedding light on the catalytic mechanism. The model predicts how previously uncharacterized human variants of uncertain significance can alter PORCN function. Drugs including ETC-159, IWP-L6 and LGK-974 dock in the PORCN catalytic site, providing insights into PORCN pharmacologic inhibition. This structural model enhances our mechanistic understanding of PORCN substrate recognition and catalysis, as well as the inhibition of its enzymatic activity, and can facilitate the development of improved inhibitors and the understanding of disease-relevant PORCN mutants.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the joint first authors of the paper.
Comments about the appraisal of systematic reviews in restorative dentistry
Authors: Afrashtehfar Kelvin I. 
Published: November 2021

Adequate adoption of evidence-based practice is deeply rooted in accessing methodological quality and completeness of systematic reviews and meta-analyses reporting. Nonetheless, this assumption might be flawed if the methodological quality assessment has not been properly conducted. Taking the former statement into consideration, this correspondence article encourages the improvement of future tertiary manuscripts, especially in the field of restorative dentistry. Thus, this article addresses an overview of reviews in restorative dentistry by Sarkis-Onofre et al. in the May 2019 issue of the Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry as an example of evaluating tertiary evidence for increasing the awareness of reviewers, authors, and readers.
Comparing the first and second waves of COVID-19 in a tertiary university hospital in Barcelona
Authors: Cossio Yolima , Aller Marta-Beatriz , Abadias Maria José , Domínguez Jose-Manuel , Romea Maria-Soledad , Barba Maria-Àngels , Rodríguez Maria-Isabel , Roman Antonio , Salazar Albert 
Published: November 2021

Background: Hospitals have constituted the limiting resource of the healthcare systems for the management of the COVID-19 pandemic. As the pandemic progressed, knowledge of the disease improved, and healthcare systems were expected to be more adapted to provide a more efficient response. The objective of this research was to compare the flow of COVID-19 patients in emergency rooms and hospital wards, between the pandemic's first and second waves at the University Hospital of Vall d’Hebron (Barcelona, Spain), and to compare the profiles, severity and mortality of COVID-19 patients between the two waves. Methods: A retrospective observational analysis of COVID-19 patients attending the hospital from February 24 to April 26, 2020 (first wave) and from July 24, 2020, to May 18, 2021 (second wave) was carried out. We analysed the data of the electronic medical records on patient demographics, comorbidity, severity, and mortality. Results: The daily number of COVID-19 patients entering the emergency rooms (ER) dropped by 65% during the second wave compared to the first wave. During the second wave, patients entering the ER were significantly younger (61 against 63 years old p<0.001) and less severely affected (39% against 48% with a triage level of resuscitation or emergency; p<0.001). ER mortality declined during the second wave (1% against 2%; p<0.000). The daily number of hospitalised COVID-19 patients dropped by 75% during the second wave. Those hospitalised during the second wave were more severely affected (20% against 10%; p<0.001) and were referred to the intensive care unit (ICU) more frequently (21% against 15%; p<0.001). Inpatient mortality showed no significant difference between the two waves. Conclusions: Changes in the flow, severity and mortality of COVID-19 patients entering this tertiary hospital during the two waves may reflect a better adaptation of the health care system and the improvement of knowledge on the disease.
Good participatory practice for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) research: the case of a COVID-19 prevention study
Authors: Perrone Carlo , Schilling William , Callery James J. , Ashley Elizabeth A. , Chambers Mary , Chase Hannah , Dahal Piyush , Kanthawang Nipaphan , Nedsuwan Supalert , Hanboonkunupakarn Borimas , Intralawan Daranee , Karkey Abhilasha , Mayxay Mayfong , Souvong Vimalay , Tran Minh Hien , Udas Shakya Summita , Sharma Sanjib Kumar , Uranw Surendra , Vannachione Souphaphone , Woodrow Charles , White Nicholas J. , Cheah Phaik Yeong 
Published: November 2021

Background: The COPCOV study (chloroquine/ hydroxychloroquine prevention of coronavirus disease), which started recruitment in April 2020, is a multi-country double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial which is being conducted in healthcare facilities involved in COVID-19 case management. COPCOV aims to recruit healthcare workers and other staff employed in facilities managing people with proven or suspected COVID-19. Methods: We conducted a series of engagement sessions, each involving a short presentation of the study, a section where attendees were asked to express if they would be interested in participating in such a study and which information they would need to change their view and an open Q&A section. Answers were transcribed and coded into themes by two independent investigators. Themes were derived from the data. The aims were to assess the feasibility of the study at the respective sites, to identify context-specific ethical issues, to understand concerns potential participants might have, to fine tune research procedures and to refine COPCOV information materials. They complemented other site-specific engagement, communication and public relation activities such as press releases and websites. Results: From 16th March 2020 to 20th January 2021, 12 engagement sessions were conducted in Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Nepal and the UK involving 213 attendees in total. The sessions were designed to encourage potential participants and research professionals not directly involved in the project to interact with those who planned the study and those conducting it. Many attendees were keen to join the study while others had concerns. Questions raised revolved around the social value and study rationale; safety of trial medications and risk-benefit balance; study design and commitments. Conclusions: These sessions helped us refine information materials, identify misunderstandings about the study as well as complement site feasibility assessments. Our experience strongly supports the use of participatory practices prior to conducting clinical trials.
Exploring Patterns of Advocacy and Well-Being of Parents of Children With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Rios Kristina , Aleman-Tovar Janeth , Burke Meghan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Advocacy is often an expectation for parents of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). However, little is known about how advocacy may impact parent well-being, including stress, family dynamics, and marital relationships. By exploring the effects of advocacy on well-being, interventions can be implemented to support both the advocacy and well-being of parents of children with IDD. To this end, the purpose of the study was to explore the pattern between positive and negative advocacy experiences of parents of children with IDD and the well-being of parents, families, and marriages. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 38 parents of children with IDD. Regardless of the nature (i.e., positive, or negative) of the advocacy experience, participants reported that advocacy increased their stress. When the advocacy experience was positive, some participants reported improved family quality of life. Also, regardless of the nature of the advocacy experience, some participants reported feeling frustration within their marital relationships. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
Mothers' Perceptions of Satisfaction, Trust, and Power in the Individualized Education Program Process
Authors: Choiseul-Praslin Belkis , Deardorff Malarie E. , Yeager Kristopher Hawk 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Parent involvement in the development of an individualized education program (IEP) is a foundational tenet of the Individuals With Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). Unfortunately, mothers, the parent most likely to attend the IEP meeting, often report negative perceptions and even feelings of disillusion with the IEP process. Including mothers as equal members of the IEP team is crucial to student success, especially for students with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). To determine the extent of mothers' satisfaction, trust, and perception of the power of the IEP process, we surveyed 929 mothers of students with disabilities. Survey results indicate mothers are neither overly satisfied nor dissatisfied with the process, but almost always perceive an imbalance of power between IEP team members. A high percentage of mothers reported experiences with bullying, coercion, and shame. The findings suggest that more efforts are needed to empower mothers during the IEP process and improve parent-school partnerships.
Expert Perspectives on the Inclusion of Students With Significant Disabilities in Schoolwide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports
Authors: Zagona Alison L. , Walker Virginia L. , Lansey Kirsten R. , Kurth Jennifer 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Schoolwide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (SWPBIS) is a framework intended to benefit all students in a school. However, recent research suggests that students with significant disabilities may not fully participate in SWPBIS. Given the complex reasons for varied involvement in SWPBIS (e.g., student educational placement), the purpose of this study was to investigate expert perspectives on the extent to which students with significant disabilities should be included in SWPBIS. Overall, experts agreed students with significant disabilities should be included in all tiers of SWPBIS, receive instruction in schoolwide rules and expectations, and have the opportunity to participate in schoolwide reward systems. Experts shared differing perspectives on the ways behavior violations of students with significant disabilities should be documented.
Few-cycle 10  µm multi-terawatt pulse self-compression in a gas-filled multi-pass cell: a numerical experiment
Authors: Hastings Michael G. , Panagiotopoulos Paris , Kolesik Miroslav , Hasson Victor , Tochitsky Sergei , Moloney Jerome V. 
Published: November 2021

A gas-filled multi-pass cell is modeled to self-compress a 10 µm pulse
to sub-100 fs duration while containing multi-terawatts of peak power.
The motivation for modeling a source with the demonstrated power is
for use in laser wakefield accelerators. The cell is filled with the
second most abundant isotope of

C
O

2

,

13

C
O

2

, which has a shifted
dispersion/absorption relative to the gain medium generating the laser
pulse,

12

C
O

2

. This allows for low-loss,
long-distance propagation in the anomalous group velocity dispersion
(GVD) Kerr medium, leading to self-compression of the initially
3.5 ps, 1 TW pulse. The pulse reaches a duration of 300 fs inside the
cell before outcoupling through the anomalous GVD NaCl window, causing
further compression to 87 fs and containing 8.35 TW peak power. By
combining the self-compression of the gas-filled multi-pass cell with
a post-compression anomalous GVD element, a hybrid compression scheme
has been demonstrated.
Mid-infrared active metasurface based on Si/VO2 hybrid meta-atoms
Authors: Kang Tongtong , Fan Boyu , Qin Jun , Yang Weihao , Xia Shuang , Peng Zheng , Liu Bo , Peng Sui , Liang Xiao , Tang Tingting , Deng Longjiang , Luo Yi , Wang Hanbin , Zhou Qiang , Bi Lei 
Published: November 2021

Active metasurfaces whose optical properties can be tuned by an external stimulus have attracted great research interest recently. Introduction of

VO

2

phase change material in all-dielectric metasurfaces has been demonstrated to modulate the resonance wavelength and amplitude in the visible to near-infrared wavelength range. In this study, we report a mid-infrared active metasurface based on

Si
/

VO

2

hybrid meta-atoms. By incorporating

VO

2

thin films in different locations of

Si
/

VO

2

all-dielectric nanodisks, we demonstrate different modulation amplitude of the electric or magnetic resonance scattering cross sections, leading to drastically different transmission spectrum upon

VO

2

insulator to metal phase transition. The physical mechanism is originated from the field profiles of the resonance modes, which interact with

VO

2

differently depending on its locations. Based on this mechanism, we experimentally demonstrated a large modulation of the transmittance from 82% to 28% at the 4.6 μm wavelength. Our work demonstrates a promising potential of

VO

2

-based active all-dielectric metasurface for mid-infrared photonic applications such as infrared camouflage, chemical/biomedical sensing, optical neuromorphic computing, and multispectral imaging.
Plantar fascial fibromatosis and herpes zoster
Authors: Hsu Chao-Yu , Ke Der-Shin , Lin Cheng-Li , Kao Chia-Hung 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
Infection, chronic pain and depression are considered risk factors for herpes zoster (HZ). However, the correlation between plantar fascial fibromatosis (PFF) and HZ remains unknown. This study investigated HZ risk in patients with PFF.

Methods
Data was extracted from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000, which is a subsample of the Taiwan National Health Insurance (NHI) Research Database and contains 1 million NHI beneficiaries. Between 2000 and 2012, patients diagnosed as having PFF were included in the case cohort. Every case was age and sex-matched with individuals without PFF through 1:4 frequency matching (control cohort). The end of the follow-up was defined as December 31, 2013, the date of HZ diagnosis, death, emigration, or withdrawal from the NHI program.

Results
In total, 4,729 patients were diagnosed as having PFF and were matched with 18,916 individuals without PFF. Patients with PFF were 1.23 times more likely to develop HZ than were those without PFF. Among those aged ≥65 years, patients with PFF had a higher HZ risk than did those without PFF (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.48). Men with PFF had a significantly higher risk of HZ than did men without PFF (aHR = 1.44).

Conclusion
Patients with PFF, particularly older and male patients, having a high HZ risk and may thus be vaccinated for HZ.
A snapshot of the practicality and barriers to COVID-19 interventions: Public health and healthcare workers’ perceptions in high and low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Glazik Rosanna , Moore Hannah , Kennedy David , Bower Hilary , Rohan Hana , Sharp Ashley , Seale Anna C. 
Published: November 2021

Background
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, governments have implemented a range of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) and pharmaceutical interventions (PIs) to reduce transmission and minimise morbidity and mortality, whilst maintaining social and economic activities. The perceptions of public health workers (PHWs) and healthcare workers (HCWs) are essential to inform future COVID-19 strategies as they are viewed as trusted sources and are at the forefront of COVID-19 response. The objectives of this study were to 1) describe the practicality of implementing NPIs and PIs and 2) identify potential barriers to implementation, as perceived by HCWs and PHWs.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study of PHWs and HCWs perceptions of the implementation, practicality of, and barriers to implementation of NPIs and PIs using an online survey (28/9/2020-1/11/2020) available in English, French and Portuguese. We used descriptive statistics and thematic analysis to analyse quantitative and qualitative responses.

Results
In total, 226 respondents (67 HCWs and 159 PHWs) from 52 countries completed the survey and 222 were included in the final analysis. Participants from low and middle-income countries (LMICs) accounted for 63% of HCWs and 67% of PHWs, with the remaining from high-income (HICs). There was little difference between the perceptions of PHWs and HCWs in HICs and LMICs, with the majority regarding a number of common NPIs as difficult to implement. However, PHWs in HICs perceived restrictions on schools and educational institutions to be more difficult to implement, with a lack of childcare support identified as the main barrier. Additionally, most contact tracing methods were perceived to be more difficult to implement in HICs than LMICs, with a range of barriers reported. A lack of public support was the most commonly reported barrier to NPIs overall across both country income and professional groups. Similarly, public fear of vaccine safety and lack of vaccine supply were the main reported barriers to implementing a COVID-19 vaccine. However, PHWs and HCWs in LMICs perceived a lack of financial support and the vaccine being manufactured in another country as additional barriers.

Conclusion
This snapshot provides insight into the difficulty of implementing interventions as perceived by PHWs and HCWs. There is no one-size-fits-all solution to implementing interventions, and barriers in different contexts do vary. Barriers to implementing a vaccine programme expressed here by HCWs and PHCWs have subsequently come to the fore internationally.
Choice of anesthesia and data analysis method strongly increases sensitivity of 18F-FDG PET imaging during experimental epileptogenesis
Authors: Jahreis Ina , Bascuñana Pablo , Ross Tobias L. , Bankstahl Jens P. , Bankstahl Marion 
Published: November 2021

PurposeAlterations in brain glucose metabolism detected by 2-deoxy-2-[18F]-fluoro-D-glucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) may serve as an early predictive biomarker and treatment target for epileptogenesis. Here, we aimed to investigate changes in cerebral glucose metabolism before induction of epileptogenesis, during epileptogenesis as well as during chronic epilepsy. As anesthesia is usually unavoidable for preclinical PET imaging and influences the distribution of the radiotracer, four different protocols were compared.ProceduresWe investigated18F-FDG uptake phase in conscious rats followed by a static scan as well as dynamic scans under continuous isoflurane, medetomidine-midazolam-fentanyl (MMF), or propofol anesthesia. Furthermore, we applied different analysis approaches: atlas-based regional analysis, statistical parametric mapping, and kinetic analysis.ResultsAt baseline and compared to uptake in conscious rats, isoflurane and propofol anesthesia resulted in decreased cortical18F-FDG uptake while MMF anesthesia led to a globally decreased tracer uptake. During epileptogenesis, MMF anesthesia was clearly best distinctive for visualization of prominently increased glucometabolism in epilepsy-related brain areas. Kinetic modeling further increased sensitivity, particularly for continuous isoflurane anesthesia. During chronic epilepsy, hypometabolism affecting more or less the whole brain was detectable with all protocols.ConclusionThis study reveals evaluation of anesthesia protocols for preclinical18F-FDG PET imaging as a critical step in the study design. Together with an appropriate data analysis workflow, the chosen anesthesia protocol may uncover otherwise concealed disease-associated regional glucometabolic changes.