bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Annual and perennial Medicago show signatures of parallel adaptation to climate and soil in highly conserved genes
Authors: Blanco‐Pastor José Luis , Liberal Isabel M. , Sakiroglu Muhammet , Wei Yanling , Brummer E. Charles , Andrew Rose L. , Pfeil Bernard E. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHuman induced environmental change may require rapid adaptation of plant populations and crops, but the genomic basis of environmental adaptation remain poorly understood. We analysed polymorphic loci from the perennial crop Medicago sativa (alfalfa or lucerne) and the annual legume model species M. truncatula to search for a common set of candidate genes that might contribute to adaptation to abiotic stress in both annual and perennial Medicago species. We identified a set of candidate genes of adaptation associated with environmental gradients along the distribution of the two Medicago species. Candidate genes for each species were detected in homologous genomic linkage blocks using genome‐environment (GEA) and genome‐phenotype association analyses. Hundreds of GEA candidate genes were species‐specific, of these, 13.4% (M. sativa) and 24% (M. truncatula) were also significantly associated with phenotypic traits. A set of 168 GEA candidates were shared by both species, which was 25.4% more than expected by chance. When combined, they explained a high proportion of variance for certain phenotypic traits associated with adaptation. Genes with highly conserved functions dominated among the shared candidates and were enriched in gene ontology terms that have shown to play a central role in drought avoidance and tolerance mechanisms by means of cellular shape modifications and other functions associated with cell homeostasis. Our results point to the existence of a molecular basis of adaptation to abiotic stress in Medicago determined by highly conserved genes and gene functions. We discuss these results in light of the recently proposed omnigenic model of complex traits.
Control or protection? Work environment implications of police body‐worn cameras
Authors: Hansen Löfstrand Cecilia , Backman Christel 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis review paper critically examines the work environment implications of the use of body‐worn camera (BWC) technology reported in research. We found that published peer‐review studies (90 articles) pay very little attention to the work environment of BWC users – police officers. Departing from the notion of the two faces of surveillance and of BWC technology as a surveillance tool with uncertain implications – control or protection of officers – we critically examine how expectations in relation to BWC introduction and its implications have been addressed to explain why so little attention has been devoted to the topic. We found a dominant control rationale facilitating (rapid) BWC implementation at the expense of officers’ work environment, health and safety.
Caregiver self‐efficacy and associated factors among caregivers of patients with dementia with Lewy bodies and caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Sato Hirofumi , Nakaaki Shutaro , Sato Junko , Shikimoto Ryo , Furukawa Toshi A. , Mimura Masaru , Akechi Tatsuo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundDementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is characterized by neuropsychiatric symptoms, which can be distressing to caregivers. However, little is known about their subjective distress in terms of caregiver self‐efficacy. Thus, we examined the differences in caregiver self‐efficacy and their associated factors between DLB and Alzheimer's disease (AD) caregivers.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive questionnaire for DLB and AD caregivers. Caregiver self‐efficacy was evaluated using three domains (Self‐Efficacy for Obtaining Respite: SE‐OR, Self‐Efficacy for Responding to Disruptive Patient Behaviours: SE‐RDPB, Self‐Efficacy for Controlling Upsetting Thoughts about Caregiving: SE‐CUT) of the Revised Scale for Caregiving Self‐Efficacy (RSCSE). In addition, data on the following features of caregivers were assessed: depression, sleep disturbance, caregiver burden, executive function, loneliness, social support, and distress associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms. The patients were assessed for general cognitive tasks, executive function, and neuropsychiatric symptoms.ResultsCompared with AD caregivers, DLB caregivers experienced a significantly higher burden in terms of not only various clinical factors, but also all three domains of caregiver self‐efficacy. Among the caregiver‐associated factors, different domains were predictors of self‐efficacy in DLB and AD caregivers (distress due to sleep disturbances in DLB patients; distress due to delusions in AD patients). Among the patient‐associated factors, different domains were also predictors of self‐efficacy in DLB and AD caregivers (sleep disturbances in DLB patients; delusions in AD patients). Among both the caregivers and the patients, executive function was a significant predictor of one RSCSE domain (SE‐CUT).ConclusionsA reduction in caregiver self‐efficacy may contribute to a severe subjective burden among DLB caregivers. Furthermore, two neuropsychiatric symptoms (delusions and sleep disturbances) affected caregiver self‐efficacy differently depending on whether care was being provided to a DLB or AD patient. Understanding the association between specific neuropsychiatric symptoms and caregiver self‐efficacy may be useful for conducting interventions for DLB patients.
Alpha frontal asymmetry underlies individual differences in reactivity to acute psychosocial stress in males
Authors: Ma Yuanquan , Peng Huini , Liu Hongtao , Gu Ruolei , Peng Xiaohu , Wu Jianhui 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPeople vary in their responses to stress. The present study aimed to investigate whether and how alpha frontal asymmetry (AFA) measured in the resting state underlies the individual differences in psychological responses to acute psychosocial stress (e.g., increases in heart rate and cortisol) induced by the Trier social stress test. Forty‐three healthy male adults were enrolled in this study. The results showed that the AFA score negatively predicted both heart rate and cortisol responses, that is relatively higher right‐frontal activity during the resting state was related to a stronger physiological stress response. These results indicated that higher withdrawal motivation or effortful control is associated with a higher physiological stress response, which suggested that AFA in the resting state can serve as a biological predictor of acute stress responses in men.
Evaluation of a specially‐designed educational and interventional programme on institutionalized visually impaired children: A prospective interventional study
Authors: Rathore Kanupriya , Rao Dinesh , Kumar Pravin , Masih Updesh 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAim: The aim of this study was to design, implement, and to evaluate the success of an oral health care programme specially designed for visually impaired children over a 12‐month period.DesignA structured questionnaire collected information regarding oral health knowledge and practices of the study population. A specially designed oral health education programme was conducted for the children and their teachers and reinforced after 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. The oral health status of the children was assessed and scored at baseline examination and after each follow‐up visit. Independent t‐test and paired t‐test were used for comparison of scores. Spearman's correlation test was used to measure the correlation between knowledge and practices scores with oral hygiene status.ResultsThe study population (5–16 years) had good knowledge about oral health which, however, did not translate into everyday practices. The overall oral hygiene scores declined from 2.06 ± 1.20 at the preliminary examination to 1.24 ± 0.79 at the end of 12 months (p < 0.001).ConclusionThe customized oral‐health education programme was efficacious in improving the oral health of the visually impaired children, and the repetition and reinforcement components of this dental health education programme were of significant value in enhancing their oral health.
Moderate acceptance of COVID‐19 vaccination in patients pre‐ and post‐heart transplantation: Experiences from a German Transplant Centre
Authors: Oehler Daniel , Bruno Raphael Romano , Boeken Udo , Westenfeld Ralf 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroduction and objectivesPatients awaiting heart transplantation (HTx) are at increased risk developing severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Patients supported by a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) face additional risks due to coagulopathies during COVID‐19. Following HTx, elevated risk factors for severe COVID‐19 persist due to chronic immunosuppression and frequent comorbidities. Taken together, COVID‐19 vaccination is of critical importance in all three patient cohorts. Here, we report our experience to deliver COVID‐19 vaccination in a German transplant center.Methods and resultsWe screened 211 patients for contraindications and offered the remaining 186 eligible patients COVID‐19 vaccination. Of those, 133 patients (71%) accepted the offer and were vaccinated. Acceptance of vaccination differed between HTx recipients (84 of 113, 74%), patients on the waiting list (34 of 47, 72%), and patients with LVAD support (28 of 50, 56%). The LVAD cohort demonstrated lower acceptance levels for vaccination compared to HTx recipients and patients awaiting HTx (74% vs. 56%; p = 0.028).ConclusionWe demonstrate for the first time only moderate acceptance levels of COVID‐19 vaccination in HTx recipients and candidates on the waiting list compared to general population, despite perceived high‐risk for severe disease. Additionally, those supported by LVAD have even lower adherence. Efforts may need to be made to increase acceptance in this vulnerable as well as cost‐intensive patient cohort.
Rice G protein γ subunit qPE9‐1 modulates root elongation for phosphorus uptake by involving 14‐3‐3 protein OsGF14b and plasma membrane H+‐ATPase
Authors: Wang Ke , Xu Feiyun , Yuan Wei , Zhang Dongping , Liu Jianping , Sun Leyun , Cui Liyou , Zhang Jianhua , Xu Weifeng 
Published: July 2021

SummaryHeterotrimeric G protein is involved in plant growth and development, while the role of rice (Oryza sativa) G protein γ subunit qPE9‐1 in response to low‐phosphorus (LP) conditions remains unclear. The gene expression of qPE9‐1 was significantly induced in rice roots under LP conditions. Rice varieties carrying the qPE9‐1 allele showed a stronger primary root response to LP than the varieties carrying the qpe9‐1 allele (mutant of the qPE9‐1 allele). Transgenic rice plants with the qPE9‐1 allele had longer primary roots and higher P concentrations than those with the qpe9‐1 allele under LP conditions. The plasma membrane (PM) H+‐ATPase was important for the qPE9‐1‐mediated response to LP. Furthermore, OsGF14b, a 14‐3‐3 protein that acts as a key component in activating PM H+‐ATPase for root elongation, is also involved in the qPE9‐1 mediation. Moreover, the overexpression of OsGF14b in WYJ8 (carrying the qpe9‐1 allele) partially increased primary root length under LP conditions. Experiments using R18 peptide (a 14‐3‐3 protein inhibitor) showed that qPE9‐1 is important for primary root elongation and H+ efflux under LP conditions by involving the 14‐3‐3 protein. In addition, rhizosheath weight, total P content, and the rhizosheath soil Olsen‐P concentration of qPE9‐1 lines were higher than those of qpe9‐1 lines under soil drying and LP conditions. These results suggest that the G protein γ subunit qPE9‐1 in rice plants modulates root elongation for phosphorus uptake by involving the 14‐3‐3 protein OsGF14b and PM H+‐ATPase, which is required for rice P use.
Rice amino acid transporter‐like 6 (OsATL6) is involved in amino acid homeostasis by modulating the vacuolar storage of glutamine in roots
Authors: Ogasawara Saori , Ezaki Masataka , Ishida Ryusuke , Sueyoshi Kuni , Saito Shunya , Hiradate Yuki , Kudo Toru , Obara Mitsuhiro , Kojima Soichi , Uozumi Nobuyuki , Tanemura Kentaro , Hayakawa Toshihiko 
Published: July 2021

SummaryGlutamine is a product of ammonium (NH4+) assimilation catalyzed by glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamate synthase (GOGAT). The growth of NH4+‐preferring paddy rice (Oryza sativa L.) depends on root NH4+ assimilation and the subsequent root‐to‐shoot allocation of glutamine; however, little is known about the mechanism of glutamine storage in roots. Here, using transcriptome and reverse genetics analyses, we show that the rice amino acid transporter‐like 6 (OsATL6) protein exports glutamine to the root vacuoles under NH4+‐replete conditions. OsATL6 was expressed, along with OsGS1;2 and OsNADH‐GOGAT1, in wild‐type (WT) roots fed with sufficient NH4Cl, and was induced by glutamine treatment. We generated two independent Tos17 retrotransposon insertion mutants showing reduced OsATL6 expression to determine the function of OsATL6. Compared with segregants lacking the Tos17 insertion, the OsATL6 knock‐down mutant seedlings exhibited lower root glutamine content but higher glutamine concentration in the xylem sap and greater shoot growth under NH4+‐replete conditions. The transient expression of monomeric red fluorescent protein‐fused OsATL6 in onion epidermal cells confirmed the tonoplast localization of OsATL6. When OsATL6 was expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, glutamine efflux from the cell into the acidic bath solution increased. Under sufficient NH4+ supply, OsATL6 transiently accumulated in sclerenchyma and pericycle cells, which are located adjacent to the Casparian strip, thus obstructing the apoplastic solute path, and in vascular parenchyma cells of WT roots before the peak accumulation of GS1;2 and NADH‐GOGAT1 occurred. These findings suggest that OsATL6 temporarily stores excess glutamine, produced by NH4+ assimilation, in root vacuoles before it can be translocated to the shoot.
Dark matter relic abundance beyond kinetic equilibrium
Authors: Binder Tobias , Bringmann Torsten , Gustafsson Michael , Hryczuk Andrzej 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe introduce , a numerical precision tool for predicting the dark matter relic abundance also in situations where the standard assumption of kinetic equilibrium during the freeze-out process may not be satisfied. comes with a set of three dedicated Boltzmann equation solvers that implement, respectively, the traditionally adopted equation for the dark matter number density, fluid-like equations that couple the evolution of number density and velocity dispersion, and a full numerical evolution of the phase-space distribution. We review the general motivation for these approaches and, for illustration, highlight three concrete classes of models where kinetic and chemical decoupling are intertwined in a way that quantitatively impacts the relic density: (i) dark matter annihilation via a narrow resonance, (ii) Sommerfeld-enhanced annihilation and (iii) ‘forbidden’ annihilation to final states that are kinematically inaccessible at threshold. We discuss all these cases in some detail, demonstrating that the commonly adopted, traditional treatment can result in an estimate of the relic density that is wrong by up to an order of magnitude. The public release of , along with several examples of how to calculate the relic density in concrete models, is provided at drake.hepforge.org
On Ve-Degree and Ev-Degree Topological Properties of Hyaluronic Acid‐Anticancer Drug Conjugates with QSPR
Authors: Kirmani Syed Ajaz K. , Ali Parvez , Azam Faizul , Alvi Parvez Ahmad 
Published: July 2021

The design of the quantitative structure-property/activity relationships for drug-related compounds using theoretical methods relies on appropriate molecular structure representations. The molecular structure of a compound comprises all the information required to determine its chemical, biological, and physical properties. These properties can be assessed by employing a graph theoretical descriptor tool widely known as topological indices. Generalization of descriptors may reduce not only the number of molecular graph-based descriptors but also improve existing results and provide a better correlation to several molecular properties. Recently introduced ve-degree and ev-degree topological indices have been successfully employed for development of models for the prediction of various biological activities/properties. In this article, we propose the general ve-inverse sum indeg indexISIα,βveGand general ve-Zagreb indexMαveGof graphGand computeISIα,βveG,MαveG, andMαevG(general ev-degree index) of hyaluronic acid-curcumin/paclitaxel conjugates, renowned for its potential anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties, by using molecular structure analysis and edge partitioning technique. Several ve-degree- and ev-degree-based topological indices are obtained as a special case ofISIα,βveG,MαveG, andMαevG. Furthermore, QSPR analysis ofISIα,βveG,MαveG, andMαevGfor particular values ofαandβis performed, which reveals their predicting power. These results allow researchers to better understand the physicochemical properties and pharmacological characteristics of these conjugates.
A ideologia sionista e o renascimento da língua hebraica em "Missaviv Lanekudá", de Yossef Haim Brenner
Authors: Schvartzman Gabriel Steinberg 
Published: July 2021

Yossef Haim Brenner nasceu em 1881 no então Império Russo e morreu na Terra de Israel em 1921 aos 40 anos. É considerado pioneiro da nova literatura hebraica, além de pensador e líder público. Em seus contos mais importantes, Brenner aborda a questão da transição linguística do iídiche para o Hebraico, uma das expressões máximas da empreitada sionista na terra ancestral. Em 1904 Brenner saiu da Rússia e se estabeleceu na Inglaterra. No mesmo ano publicou o conto Missaviv Lanekudá (Em torno do ponto) no periódico Hebraico Hashiloach, cujo editor na época era Chaim Nacham Bialik, figura central da moderna literatura hebraica. Em 1909 imigrou para a então Palestina, onde passou a dedicar-se à literatura de profundo cunho ideológico. Esta comunicação apresentará um relato da obra de Brenner no período da renovação da língua hebraica nos primórdios da colonização judaica na Terra de Israel.
Israel no Trópico? Mulheres criptojudias e identidades religiosas no Brasil colonial
Authors: Assis Angelo Adriano Faria de 
Published: July 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a sobrevivência do judaísmo durante o período de monopólio católico implementado no mundo português em fins do século XV. Os judeus batizados, denominados cristãos-novos, seriam suspeitos de manter ocultamente as práticas e crenças judaicas, e considerados ameaça ao catolicismo. A resistência judaica, ou criptojudaísmo, teve nas mulheres papel fundamental para sua sobrevivência. Aqui nos interessa perceber as prá-ticas criptojudaicas no Brasil colonial, a partir da documentação produzida pelo Tribunal do Santo Ofício da Inquisição.
Árabe, fale hebraico: a língua como último reduto da batalha identitária do árabe israelense
Authors: Schlesinger Juliana Portenoy 
Published: July 2021

A língua é um componente importante quando abordamos a questão da identidade. No caso das crônicas do escritor árabe israelense Sayed Kashua, a temática da língua de escrita aparece quase que de maneira obsessiva. A maneira como Kashua trata o tema da língua não é convencional e nem poderia ser. Sayed Kashua é um árabe israelense que escreve toda a sua obra ficcional e jornalística em hebraico. Baseando-se na análise de diversas crônicas do autor publicadas no jornal israelense Haaretz, este artigo analisa como Kashua lida com a língua como uma ferramenta de identidade. Por meio do humor e da autoironia, este árabe israelense transita entre culturas, fidelidades e infidelidades e coloca a língua, tanto o hebraico quanto o árabe, no centro da batalha identitária e último reduto do árabe em contato com o ethos judaico israelense.
Ironia e Visão na Narrativa de Balaão
Authors: Iglesias Lucas Alamino 
Published: July 2021

Toda ironia relacionada ao ofício profético na Bíblia Hebraica brota do contraste entre a percepção do profeta e aquela da audiência. Favorecido por um olhar privilegiado, o profeta, com destreza artística, expõe a visão limitada, portanto inferior, de sua audiência. Como agente de ironia, o profeta desestabiliza sua audiência e lhe dá a capacidade de uma recomposição de visão. Contudo, em porções narrativas da Bíblia Hebraica encontramos uma quebra de expectativa em relação a essa perspectiva diferenciada. Nem sempre o profeta é retratado como agente de ironia. Em algumas ocasiões ele também é vítima. O primeiro exemplo desse fenômeno é encontrado na narrativa de Balaão. A ruptura do padrão se dá na história de Balaão através da íntima relação entre ironia e visão. Através da análise literária da história de Balaão em sua forma final, o presente artigo visa explorar a importância da relação entre ironia e visão na crítica a essa figura profética.
Abstract 180: Increased Atherosclerosis Associated with Periodontal Disease Is Mediated by CD36
Authors: Febbraio Maria , Brown Paul M 
Published: July 2021

We previously showed that inflammation, and not hyperlipidemia alone, was necessary for CD36 dependent atherogenesis. Chronic periodontal disease is characterized by a persistent inflammatory state and is epidemiologically associated with cardiovascular disease. We hypothesize that CD36 is an essential link between periodontal disease and atherosclerosis.
Low density lipoprotein receptor knock out (LDLR KO) mice and CD36/LDLR double KO mice were infected with the periodontal disease associated bacteria, Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), by oral lavage and fed a Western diet for 12 weeks (n = 7-14/group). We assessed periodontal disease, risk factors associated with atherosclerosis, and lesion burden. We conducted studies in isolated macrophages to understand mechanistic differences between the groups.
Wild type and CD36 KO macrophages equally phagocytosed bacteria. We measured the cemento-enamel junction of each molar to assess periodontal disease and found that it was significantly increased in infected mice compared with uninfected controls. Histological analysis showed neutrophil, osteoclast and macrophage infiltrates in the alveolar bone of infected mice. Differences in plasma cholesterol, triacylglycerol, insulin resistance and weight gain did not necessarily track with atherosclerosis burden, however blood neutrophils and cytokines were increased in infected LDLR KO mice compared with all other groups. Infected LDLR KO mice had significantly increased atherosclerotic lesion burden compared with uninfected LDLR KO mice, and all of the increased lesion was CD36 dependent. PCR analysis found no evidence for direct infection of atherosclerotic lesions by Pg. In vitro macrophage studies showed that heat killed Pg, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from Pg, oxidatively modified LDL or plasma from infected mice, could not activate the NALP3 inflammasome. Combining heat killed Pg or Pg LPS with oxidatively modified LDL or plasma from infected mice, however, led to significant IL-1 beta secretion that was CD36 and NFkB dependent. Our data suggest that atherosclerosis associated with periodontal disease is mediated by cellular inflammatory responses involving both CD36 and Toll-like receptor.