bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sitting through the emptiness
Authors: Smith Alexander H. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis article explores clinical encounters with experiences of the ‘empty ego’ which arise from early relational trauma. The ego’s emptiness is held in repetitious complexes and arises out of affectively charged experiences between self and other which remain split‐off from awareness. This kind of consciousness is viewed as dualistic, separating non‐dual subjectivity from its dualistic objects of consciousness. In contrast, what I am calling healing void states of non‐dualistic consciousness, when admitted to awareness, allow the individual to dis‐identify from the traumatizing representations of self and other through an experience of non‐duality. In contrast to an objectified, dualistic emptiness of the ego, healing void states come about in moments of non‐dual, unified consciousness. These states occur in the ego‐Self relationship by linking the ego’s dualistic awareness in chronic subject/object splits to ones of non‐dual pure consciousness. The healing void state is always incipiently present and potentially able to bridge the ego‐Self connection in bogged‐down treatment. The paper explores potential integrations with non‐dual models of consciousness such as Vedantic and Kashmir Shaivism, among other mystical traditions. A combined Vedantic‐Jungian understanding can provide a transcendent bridge that integrates Eastern concepts of non‐duality in treating emptiness.
Video‐game play and non‐symbolic numerical comparison
Authors: Stäb Joana , Ilg Uwe J. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDespite the high prevalence of various genres of video games as a form of leisure, the possible long‐term effects of video games on cognitive function remain unclear. In this study, we addressed the possible correlation between playing video games and numerical cognition. Using a cross‐sectional design, we compared psychophysical parameters of video‐game players (VGP) and non‐players (NVGP) as they estimated the number of briefly displayed items in a two‐alternative forced choice paradigm. We used linear regression models to analyse the psychophysical data obtained from 32 VGPs and 34 NVGPs. We did not find differences in the accuracy of numerosities estimation between VGPs and NVGPs. However, sensory precision expressed as the just‐noticeable difference (JND) was better in VGPs as compared to NVGPs and was positively correlated with time spent gaming each week. We argue that the superiority of VGPs in number processing is most likely not due to specific differences in the neuronal processing within distinct areas underlying numerical cognition but rather related to more general differences in the attentional system, most likely the top–down attentional processes implemented in the dorsal attention network.
Comparison of the EUROIMMUN Dermatology Profile ELISA to the novel BIOCHIP Mosaic 7 for the diagnosis of immunobullous skin disease
Authors: Simpson Kate , Scardamaglia Laura , Kok Yonatan , Vu Mi , Kidd Daniel , Yap Tami , Tran Yang , Kern Johannes S 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe BIOCHIP is an indirect immunofluorescence diagnostic investigation which identifies multiple autoantibodies with a mosaic panel of target antigen‐specific substrates in a single incubation field. The EUROIMMUN Dermatology Profile ELISA allows simultaneous investigation of the six most important autoantibodies in bullous autoimmune dermatoses. Evaluation of the BIOCHIP Mosaic 7, compared to that of the EUROIMMUN Dermatology Profile ELISA, when used as a diagnostic investigation in pemphigus and pemphigoid, was undertaken in an Australian cohort.MethodsThe serum of 27 patients was analysed including patients with pemphigus vulgaris (n = 10), pemphigus foliaceous (n = 4), bullous pemphigoid (n = 8), mucous membrane pemphigoid (n = 3) and negative controls (n = 2). Results of the BIOCHIP were compared with the EUROIMMUN Dermatology Profile ELISA, as well as with histology, direct immunofluorescence and indirect immunofluorescence.ResultsIn pemphigus vulgaris, sensitivity & specificity for the BIOCHIP Mosaic 7 were 100% and 94.1%, comparable to that of the EUROIMMUN Dermatology Profile ELISA with 80% sensitivity and 100% specificity. In bullous pemphigoid, sensitivity of the BIOCHIP was 87.5% and sensitivity of the EUROIMMUN Dermatology ELISA profile was 75%, whilst specificities for both diagnostic methods were 100% in our limited cohort. There was substantial or almost perfect concordance between the BIOCHIP Mosaic 7 and EUROIMMUN Dermatology Profile ELISA for pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid.ConclusionThe BIOCHIP Mosaic 7 is a rapid, reliable diagnostic investigation in pemphigus and bullous pemphigoid. Results indicate it is comparable to the EUROIMMUN Dermatology Profile ELISA, whilst also providing additional testing with salt split skin, on one field.
Novel application of indocyanine green fluorescence imaging for real‐time detection of thrombus in a membrane oxygenator
Authors: Sakurai Hironobu , Fujiwara Tatsuki , Ohuchi Katsuhiro , Hijikata Wataru , Inoue Yusuke , Seki Haruna , Tahara Tomoki , Yokota Sachie , Ogata Asato , Mizuno Tomohiro , Arai Hirokuni 
Published: May 2021

AbstractExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) plays an important role in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. Management of thrombi in ECMO is generally an important issue; especially in ECMO for COVID‐19 patients who are prone to thrombus formation, the thrombus formation in oxygenators is an unresolved issue, and it is very difficult to deal with. To prevent thromboembolic complications, it is necessary to develop a method for early thrombus detection. We developed a novel method for detailed real‐time observation of thrombi formed in oxygenators using indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging. The purpose of this study was to verify the efficacy of this novel method through animal experiments. The experiments were performed three times using three pigs equipped with veno‐arterial ECMO comprising a centrifugal pump (CAPIOX SL) and an oxygenator (QUADROX). To create thrombogenic conditions, the pump flow rate was set at 1 L/min without anticoagulation. The diluted ICG (0.025 mg/mL) was intravenously administered at a dose of 10 mL once an hour. A single dose of ICG was 0.25mg. The oxygenator was observed with both an optical detector (PDE‐neo) and the naked eye every hour after measurement initiation for a total of 8 hours. With this dose of ICG, we could observe it by fluorescence imaging for about 15 minutes. Under ICG imaging, the inside of the oxygenator was observed as a white area. A black dot suspected to be the thrombus appeared 6‐8 hours after measurement initiation. The thrombus and the black dot on ICG imaging were finely matched in terms of morphology. Thus, we succeeded in real‐time thrombus detection in an oxygenator using ICG imaging. The combined use of ICG imaging and conventional routine screening tests could compensate for each other's weaknesses and significantly improve the safety of ECMO.
Bi‐allelic loss of ERGIC1 causes relatively mild arthrogryposis
Authors: Marconi Caterina , Lemmens Laure , Masclaux Frédéric , Mattioli Francesca , Fluss Joël , Extermann Philippe , Mendez Purificacion , Leuchter Russia Ha‐Vinh , Stathaki Elissavet , Laurent Sacha , Hammar Eva , Vannier Anne , Varvagiannis Konstantinos , Guipponi Michel , Sloan‐Bena Frédérique , Blouin Jean‐Louis , Abramowicz Marc , Fokstuen Siv 
Published: May 2021

AbstractArthrogryposis describes the presence of multiple joint‐contractures. Clinical severity of this phenotype is variable, and more than 400 causative genes have been proposed. Among these, ERGIC1 is a recently reported candidate encoding a putative transmembrane protein of the ER‐Golgi interface. Two homozygous missense variants have been reported in patients with relatively mild non‐syndromic arthrogryposis. In a consanguineous family with two affected siblings presenting congenital arthrogryposis and some facial dysmorphism we performed prenatal array‐CGH, postnatal targeted exome and genome sequencing. Genome sequencing identified a homozygous 22.6 Kb deletion encompassing the promoter and first exon of ERGIC1. mRNA quantification showed the complete absence of ERGIC1 expression in the two affected siblings and a decrease in heterozygous parents. Our observations validate the pathogenic role of ERGIC1 in congenital arthrogryposis and demonstrate that complete loss of function causes a relatively mild phenotype. These findings will contribute to improve genetic counseling of ERGIC1 mutations.
Doing foster family with young refugees: Negotiations of belonging and being at home
Authors: Mörgen Rebecca , Rieker Peter 
Published: May 2021

AbstractUnaccompanied minor refugees are regularly placed with foster families, and this residential context is sometimes assessed as especially appropriate to the needs of these young persons. The transition into a foster family is often accompanied by various changes as well as questions concerning feelings of belonging. These questions are the focus of this study, which considers the perspectives of young refugees and their foster parents. The analysis shows that ‘belonging’ and ‘being at home’ are thought of as dimensions of ‘doing family’ that change situationally and are negotiated with others.
Porosity control in silicon nitride‐based support materials toward enhanced gas permeability
Authors: Konegger Thomas , Prochaska Thomas , Brouczek Dominik 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPorous Si3N4 materials in tubular geometry are prepared by slip casting before partial sintering. A variety of material‐ and process‐specific variables and their respective effects on densification and resulting pore morphology are systematically evaluated, focusing on starting powder type, amount of sintering additives, and sintering parameters including temperature and time. An increased β‐Si3N4 content in the starting powder was found to promote the formation of a network of elongated grains exhibiting increased pore diameters, as opposed to a more finely featured pore network obtained from starting materials consisting of α‐Si3N4. Following an iterative evaluation of processing variables, materials exhibiting a characteristic diametral compression strength (C‐ring test) of 163 MPa and a Darcian permeability of 4.7 ⋅ 10−15 m2 at a total porosity of 41% were obtained, corresponding to an increase of over 40% in strength and of over 600% in permeability in comparison to materials obtained by α‐Si3N4 powders at comparable porosities. These results demonstrate that the composition of Si3N4 powders significantly affects the resulting pore structure, and by combining the respective selection of starting materials with finely tuned sintering parameters, materials with superior performance in terms of mechanical properties as well as permeability characteristics are accessible.
Clinicopathological and molecular characterization of chromophobe hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Kang Hyo Jeong , Oh Ji‐Hye , Kim Yeon Wook , Kim Wonkyung , An Jihyun , Sung Chang Ohk , Kim Jihun , Shim Ju Hyun , Hwang Shin , Yu Eunsil , Heaphy Christopher M. , Hong Seung‐Mo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsChromophobe hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a newly included subtype of HCC in the 5th edition of the WHO classification with distinctive histological features (chromophobic cytoplasm with anaplastic nuclei and pseudocyst formation) and is strongly associated with the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) phenotype. However, the clinicopathologic characterization and molecular features of chromophobe HCC are unknown.MethodsTo comprehensively characterize chromophobe HCC, whole exome sequencing, copy number variation, and transcriptomic analyses were performed in 224 surgically resected HCC cases. Additionally, telomere‐specific fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to assess ALT. These genomic profiles and ALT status were compared with clinicopathological features among subtypes of HCC, particularly chromophobe HCC and conventional HCC.ResultsChromophobe HCC was observed in 10.3% (23/224) cases and, compared to conventional HCC, was more frequent in females (P = .023). The overall and recurrence‐free survival outcomes were similar between patients with chromophobe HCC and conventional HCC. However, chromophobe HCC displayed significantly more upregulated genes involving cell cycle progression and DNA repair. Additionally, ALT was significantly enriched in chromophobe HCC (87%; 20/23) compared to conventional HCC (2.2%, 4/178; P < .001). Somatic mutations in ALT‐associated genes, including ATRX, SMARCAL1, FANCG, FANCM, SP100, TSPYL5, and RAD52 were more frequent in chromophobe HCC (30.4%, 7/23 cases) compared to conventional HCC (11.8%, 21/178 cases; P = .024).ConclusionsChromophobe HCC is a unique subtype of HCC with a prevalence of ~10%. Compared to conventional HCC, chromophobe HCC is associated with female predominance and ALT, although overall and recurrence‐free outcomes are similar to conventional HCC.
Ramadan exposure during early pregnancy and risk of stillbirth in Arab women living in Canada
Authors: Bernier Julie , Bilodeau‐Bertrand Marianne , Djeha Améyo , Auger Nathalie 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundData on fasting during Ramadan and the risk of preterm birth and child mortality are conflicting, but the association with stillbirth is unknown.ObjectiveWe studied the relationship between Ramadan and the risk of stillbirth for Arab women in Quebec, Canada.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study using birth certificates for Arab women in Quebec, Canada, between 1981 and 2017. The exposure was Ramadan in the first and second trimester (1‐27 weeks of gestation), and the outcome was early (<28 weeks) or late (≥28 weeks) stillbirth. We used log‐binomial regression models to estimate risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between Ramadan and risk of stillbirth. We adjusted models for maternal characteristics and assessed associations by cause of death.ResultsThe study included 78,349 live births and 274 stillbirths. There were 3.5 stillbirths per 1,000 pregnancies for women exposed to Ramadan between weeks 1‐27 of gestation (95% CI 3.0, 4.0), and 3.4 per 1,000 for unexposed women (95% CI 2.8, 4.1). Compared with no exposure, Ramadan between weeks 1‐27 was not associated with the risk of early (RR 1.32, 95% CI 0.76, 2.28) or late stillbirth (RR 0.93, 95% CI 0.70, 1.23) in adjusted models. RRs for early stillbirth were 1.40 for Ramadan between weeks 15‐21 (95% CI 0.70, 2.80) and 1.38 for Ramadan between weeks 22‐27 (95% CI 0.67, 2.84). Relative to no exposure, Ramadan between weeks 15‐21 was associated with early stillbirth due to congenital anomaly (RR 3.96; 95% CI 1.35, 11.57) in unadjusted models. There was no association with other causes of stillbirth.ConclusionsThere is no evidence that Ramadan is associated with the risk of early or late stillbirth overall. Further research is needed to confirm an association with stillbirth due to congenital anomalies.
Biological and methodological factors affecting response variability to endurance training and the influence of exercise intensity prescription
Authors: Meyler Samuel , Bottoms Lindsay , Muniz‐Pumares Daniel 
Published: May 2021

New Findings
What is the topic of this review?
Biological and methodological factors associated with the variable changes in cardiorespiratory fitness in response to endurance training.
What advances does it highlight?
Several biological and methodological factors exist that each contribute, to a given extent, to response variability. Notably, prescribing exercise intensity relative to physiological thresholds reportedly increases cardiorespiratory fitness response rates compared to when prescribed relative to maximum physiological values. As threshold‐based approaches elicit more homogeneous acute physiological responses among individuals, when repeated over time, these uniform responses may manifest as more homogeneous chronic adaptations thereby reducing response variability.
AbstractChanges in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in response to endurance training (ET) exhibit large variations, possibly due to a multitude of biological and methodological factors. It is acknowledged that ∼20% of individuals may not achieve meaningful increases in CRF in response to ET. Genetics, the most potent biological contributor, has been shown to explain ∼50% of response variability, whilst age, sex and baseline CRF appear to explain a smaller proportion. Methodological factors represent the characteristics of the ET itself, including the type, volume and intensity of exercise, as well as the method used to prescribe and control exercise intensity. Notably, methodological factors are modifiable and, upon manipulation, alter response rates to ET, eliciting increases in CRF regardless of an individual's biological predisposition. Particularly, prescribing exercise intensity relative to a physiological threshold (e.g., ventilatory threshold) is shown to increase CRF response rates compared to when intensity is anchored relative to a maximum physiological value (e.g., maximum heart rate). It is, however, uncertain whether the increased response rates are primarily attributable to reduced response variability, greater mean changes in CRF or both. Future research is warranted to elucidate whether more homogeneous chronic adaptations manifest over time among individuals, as a result of exposure to more homogeneous exercise stimuli elicited by threshold‐based practices.
Multilevel mHealth Intervention Increases Physical Activity of Older Adults Living in Retirement Community
Authors: Hosteng Katie R. , Simmering Jacob E. , Polgreen Linnea A. , Cremer James F. , Segre Alberto M. , Francis Shelby L. , Whitaker Kara M. , Polgreen Philip M. , Carr Lucas J. 
Published: May 2021

Background: Regular physical activity is crucial for healthy aging, but older adults are the least active age group. This study explored the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of a multilevel mHealth intervention for increasing physical activity of older adults living in a retirement community. Methods: Participants included 54 older adults (mean age = 81.2 y, 77.8% female, 98.1% white) living in a retirement community. Participants received a Fitbit Zip and access to a multilevel mHealth physical activity intervention (MapTrek Residential) for 8 weeks. Physical activity (in steps per day) and intervention compliance (days worn) were measured objectively with the Fitbit for 12 weeks (8-wk intervention plus 4-wk follow-up). Psychosocial outcomes (social support, self-efficacy, and outcome expectations) were assessed at baseline and 8 weeks. Acceptability outcomes were assessed with an open-ended process evaluation survey and focus groups. Descriptive statistics and linear mixed models were used to examine intervention effects. Results: Participants increased daily steps from 5438 steps per day at baseline (95% CI, 4620 to 6256) to 6201 steps per day (95% CI, 5359 to 7042) at week 8 (P < .0001) but this was not maintained at 12 weeks (P = .92). Conclusions: Our multilevel mHealth physical activity intervention was effective for increasing physical activity older adults over 8 weeks. Additional research focused on maintaining physical activity gains with this approach is warranted.
Anti-VEGF-resistant subretinal fluid is associated with better vision and reduced risk of macular atrophy
Authors: Zarbin Marco A , Hill Lauren , Maunz Andreas , Gliem Martin , Stoilov Ivaylo 
Published: May 2021

Background/aimTo evaluate relationships between subretinal fluid (SRF), macular atrophy (MA) and visual outcomes in ranibizumab-treated neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).MethodsThis post hoc HARBOR trial (NCT00891735) analysis included ranibizumab-treated (0.5 or 2.0 mg, monthly or as-needed, all treatment arms pooled) eyes with nAMD and baseline (screening, baseline and week 1) SRF. SRF presence, SRF thickness (0, >0–50, >50–100 and >100 µm) and subretinal fluid volume (SRFV) were determined by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was assessed. MA was identified using fluorescein angiograms and colour fundus photographs, as well as SD-OCT.ResultsSeven hundred eighty-five of 1097 eyes met analysis criteria. In eyes without baseline MA, residual versus no SRF at month (M) 3 was associated with lower MA rates at M12 (5.1% vs 22.1%) and M24 (13.3% vs 31.2%) (both p<0.0001); MA percentages at M12/M24 were similar among patients with residual SRF at M6. Higher baseline SRFV was associated with a lower MA rate. Greater mean BCVA was observed with residual SRF of any thickness (>0–50 µm, 71.2 letters; >50–100 µm, 71.3 letters; >100 µm, 69.2 letters) versus no SRF (63.6 letters), but the change in BCVA from baseline to M12 or M24 was the same for eyes with or without treatment-resistant subretinal fluid (TR-SRF) at M3 or M6.ConclusionTR-SRF was not detrimental to vision outcomes over 2 years, regardless of thickness. MA rates were significantly higher without TR-SRF.
Preparation for the next major incident: are we ready? Comparing major trauma centres and other hospitals
Authors: Mawhinney Jamie A , Roscoe Henry W , Stannard George A J , Tillman Sophie R , Freemantle Nick , Cosker Thomas D 
Published: May 2021

ObjectivesA major incident is any emergency requiring special arrangements by the emergency services. All hospitals are required by law to keep a major incident plan (MIP) detailing the response to such events. In 2006 and 2019, we assessed the preparedness and knowledge of key individuals in hospitals across England and found a substantial gap in responding to the MIP. In this report, we compare responses from doctors at major trauma centres (MTCs) and other hospitals (non-MTCs).MethodsWe identified trusts in England that received over 30 000 patients through the ED in the fourth quarter of 2016/2017. We contacted the on-call anaesthetic, emergency, general surgery and trauma and orthopaedic registrar at each location and asked three questions assessing their confidence in using their hospital’s MIP: (1) Have you read your hospital’s MIP? (2) Do you know where you can access your hospital’s MIP guidelines? (3) Do you know what role you would play if an MIP came into effect while you are on call?We compared data from MTCs and non-MTCs using multinomial mixed proportional odds models.ResultsThere was a modest difference between responses from individuals at MTCs and non-MTCs for question 2 (OR=2.43, CI=1.03 to 5.73, p=0.04) but no evidence of a difference between question 1 (OR=1.41, CI=0.55 to 3.63, p=0.47) and question 3 (OR=1.78, CI=0.86 to 3.69, p=0.12). Emergency medicine and anaesthetic registrars showed significantly higher preparedness and knowledge across all domains. No evidence of a systematic difference in specialty response by MTC or otherwise was identified.ConclusionsConfidence in using MIPs among specialty registrars in England remains low. Doctors at MTCs tended to be better prepared and more knowledgeable, but this effect was only marginally significant. We make several recommendations to improve education on major incidents.