bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ingalls Machine Readable Material Transactions
Authors: Todd Hal , Fairley Penny 
Published: August 2021

To face challenges associated with reduced shipbuilding budgets and the need for increased material availability, the Machine Readable Material Transaction was proposed, accepted and is currently in development at Ingalls Shipbuilding. Machine Readable Material Transaction is the processes and tools required to provide a machine readable identification (i.e. license plate) and scanning capability for tracking and identifying individual items, containers of material, and loose materials at various locations and workflows throughout the shipyard. The effort facilitates:
* reduced cycle time of material transactions by moving from paper driven processes to electronic driven processes
* increased accuracy by minimizing the manual entry of material transaction data by utilizing scanning technology and bar-coding
* reduced re-buys by locating lost, damaged or cannibalized material
* retention of material identification and history during consumption by capturing: * “what” is the material * “when” was it received or last moved * “where” was its last known location * “why” was it moved, and * “who” was the last person to touch it
The purpose of the effort is to ensure visibility, traceability, and accountability for material (purchased and fabricated) from receipt through delivery to the end user. This paper discusses the use of these processes and tools to support U.S. Navy ship construction modernization and cost reduction goals at Ingalls Shipbuilding.
Effects of Vibration Training on Cognition and Quality of Life in Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Yang Feng , Wen Pey-Shan , Bethoux Francois , Zhao Yichuan 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:
Multiple sclerosis (MS) detrimentally affects cognition and quality of life (QOL). Interventions that can improve cognitive deficit and QOL in individuals with MS are desired. This pilot study investigated the possible effects of vibration training on improving cognition and QOL in individuals with MS.

METHODS:
Eighteen adults with MS were randomized into 2 groups: training and control. The training group underwent 6 weeks of vibration training, and the control group maintained their normal lifestyle throughout the study. In both groups, before and after the training course, the disability status was evaluated by the Patient Determined Disease Steps scale and the Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite (MSFC), cognitive function was assessed by the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adults (BRIEF-A) and the Buschke Selective Reminding Test (SRT), and QOL was gauged by the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36).

RESULTS:
The training was well accepted by the participants, and no major adverse event was reported. All participants finished the entire protocol. Compared with the control group, the training group showed greater improvements in MSFC score, Metacognition Index score of the BRIEF, SRT score, and physical domain score of the SF-36.

CONCLUSIONS:
These results suggest that vibration training could be an effective alternative training paradigm to enhance cognition and QOL in individuals with MS, and they provide an encouraging base to conduct a large-scale clinical trial.
Exploring plant diversity through soil DNA in Thai national parks for influencing land reform and agriculture planning
Authors: Osathanunkul Maslin , Sawongta Nipitpong , Pheera Wittaya , Pechlivanis Nikolaos , Psomopoulos Fotis , Madesis Panagiotis 
Published: August 2021

Background
The severe deforestation, as indicated in national forest data, is a recurring problem in many areas of Northern Thailand, including Doi Suthep-Pui National Park. Agricultural expansion in these areas, is one of the major drivers of deforestation, having adverse consequences on local plant biodiversity. Conserving biodiversity is mainly dependent on the biological monitoring of species distribution and population sizes. However, the existing conventional approaches for monitoring biodiversity are rather limited.

Methods
Here, we explored soil DNA at four forest types in Doi Suthep-Pui National Park in Northern Thailand. Three soil samples, composed of different soil cores mixed together, per sampling location were collected. Soil biodiversity was investigated through eDNA metabarcoding analysis using primers targeting the P6 loop of the plastid DNA trnL (UAA) intron.

Results
The distribution of taxa for each sample was found to be similar between replicates. A strong congruence between the conventional morphology- and eDNA-based data of plant diversity in the studied areas was observed. All species recorded by conventional survey with DNA data deposited in the GenBank were detected through the eDNA analysis. Moreover, traces of crops, such as lettuce, maize, wheat and soybean, which were not expected and were not visually detected in the forest area, were identified. It is noteworthy that neighboring land and areas in the studied National Park were once used for crop cultivation, and even to date there is still agricultural land within a 5–10 km radius from the forest sites where the soil samples were collected. The presence of cultivated area near the forest may suggest that we are now facing agricultural intensification leading to deforestation. Land reform for agriculture usage necessitates coordinated planning in order to preserve the forest area. In that context, the eDNA-based data would be useful for influencing policies and management towards this goal.
Consistency Conditions of f(R,G)-Gravity Field Equations for Bianchi-Type III Metric
Authors: Güler Selçuk , Güdekli Ertan 
Published: August 2021

In this paper, we study the -gravitation theory under the assumption that the standard matter-energy content of the universe is a perfect fluid with linear barotropic equation of state within the framework of Bianchi-Type III model from the class of homogeneous and anisotropic universe models. However, whether such a restriction lead to any contradictions or inconsistencies in the field equations will create an issue that needs to be examined. Under the effective fluid approach, we will be concerned mainly the field equations in an orthonormal tetrad framework with an equimolar and examined the situation of establishing the functional form of together with the scale factors, which are their solutions. Unlike similar studies, which are very few in the literature, instead of assuming preliminary solutions, we determined the consistency conditions of the field equations by assuming the matter energy content of the universe as an isotropic perfect fluid for Bianchi-Type III.
Periodontitis can lead to an Initial Process of Neuroinflammation in Experimental Models
Authors: Gomes Jossinelma Camargo , Santos Bianca Caroline Custodio dos , Choptian Iohana Fiorese , Wutzke Maria Luiza Serradourada , Nassar Leonardo Maso , Schneider Sara Cristina Sagae , Kerppers Ivo Ilvan , Taques Guilherme Ribas , Nassar Patricia Oehlmeyer , Nassar Carlos Augusto 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Recent evidence shows a possible causal relationship between periodontitis and neurodegenerative diseases. Changes in the hippocampus can result in reduced cognitive functions such as behaviors associated with memory and emotions.
Objectives: Evaluate the influence of ligature-induced experimental periodontitis on the inflammation of the hippocampus of rats.
Materials and Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats, divided into Control Group (GC) and Periodontal Disease Group (GDP). GDP was induced to experimental periodontitis by placing a ligature on the lower molars for 30 days. The study performed three behavioral tests during the experiment in two stages: before and after the induction of periodontitis; at the end, the rats underwent euthanasia and the collection of the hippocampus (histological and immunological analysis) and hemimandibles (histological and radiographic analysis), with subsequent performance of Student's T-tests and Two-Way ANOVA to analyze the results.
Results: GDP showed a higher level of anxiety, less habituation and reduced time to explore the new object compared to GC (p<0.05). Besides, GDP had a lower number of osteocytes and osteoblasts, and higher osteoclastic activity, as well as more significant alveolar bone loss compared to GC (p<0.05). Senile plaques were noted in the hippocampus in addition to positive beta-amyloid, tau, and CD68 markings on GDP.
Conclusions: Therefore, it can be concluded that periodontitis triggered the presence of senile plaques, beta-amyloid, tau, and CD68 markings, which, together, manifested an initial neuroinflammation process in these animals. Clinical Relevance: Periodontitis can be a risk factor in neuroinflammation process
Depression Due to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Adolescents
Authors: Kashyap Pratheek R. , Jha Rakesh Kumar , Patil Praful 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) is a common endocrinal disorder of reproductive age, that cause enlarged ovaries with small cyst on the outer edges with infrequent or prolonged menstrual cycles, excess hair growth, acne and obesity, which is nowadays prevailing among females at adolescent stage. About 5-10% of women among the general population of in the world are affected by PCOS. There is an increase in the prevalence of PCOS among the women and young girls of reproductive age, where they experience depression because of PCOS particularly. The exact cause of PCOS is unknown. The early diagnosis and treatment along with weight loss may reduce the long term complications of PCOS. It is not only a problem associated with reproduction, but also has associated vital metabolic and psychological health risks.
Aim: Depression Due to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Adolescents
Conclusion: In comparison to safe controls, adolescents with PCOS had lower self-esteem, more anxiety, and more depressive symptoms. Future research is required to look into the psychiatric issues that affect adolescents with PCOS.
Capability of Hepatic Regeneration of Albino Mice against Hepatic Injuries Induced by Phentolep Drug
Authors: Memon Sameena Gul , Shaikh Pashmina , Gul Fahmida , Ahmed Tahseen 
Published: July 2021

The major theme of our research was to evaluate the condition of the regenerative capacity of liver with proper consumption of phenytoin medicines with proper precautionary factors. DNA damage was measured through the comet assay via hepatocytes and histological examination was conducted in order to ensure the liver injuries.
Current study comprises of four different group of Balb/c albino mice, from them 1st group was facilitated with normal saline as per recommended dose of 1ml/kg. In 2nd group of mice, phenotolep drug was injected with the dose of 12mg/kg for two continuous weeks. Whereas; in 3rd group same, the drug is administered into the mice with same dosing regimen for 02 weeks and then allowed to recover for 02 weeks. In the last group of mice, phenotolep was given to the remaining mice with a similar regimen and managed for 04 weeks for normal physiological functions and it was concluded that induction of phentolep among various groups of mice can induce alteration the nucleus of hepatocytes and ultimately variation occurred within DNA. 3rd and 4th groups showed quite differ results than the positive group as regression was observed in these groups and restore the normal physiology of the liver and the current study indicates that hepatic injuries can be sorted out with passage of time.
Evaluation of the Systemic Serum Exposure and Acute Toxicity of the Aqueous Extract of Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae) Rhizomes in Wistar Rats
Authors: Nkempu Ameaka Fatima , Fokunang Tembe Estella , Narcisse Bayaga Hervé , Berinyuy Eustace Bonghan , Omgba Tabi Yves , Nono Njinkio Borgia , Bathelemy Ngameni , Ntungwen Fokunang Charles 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Liver toxicity has become a public health concern as more people globally get exposed to xenobiotics with the potential to cause liver damage and consequent liver cirrhosis. The increase in liver toxicant abuse has necessitated the exploration of xenobiotic exposure levels when addressing therapeutic measures using alternative herbal remedies. The increasing use of herbal products as alternative therapy needs regulatory alignment through evidence-based support for the safety and efficacy of these natural products. To undertake preclinical discovery of new metabolites from medicinal products, the objective of this study was to investigate the systemic serum exposure and acute toxicity of the aqueous extract of Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae) rhizomes on Wistar rat models.
Methods: Phytochemical screening was carried out on the aqueous extract obtained by maceration of the dried plant rhizomes. Standard screening techniques for plant metabolites were used to screen blood serum after animal exposure with the extract. After a 500mg/Kg dose, systemic exposure was evaluated in blood samples collected at 30-minute intervals for one hour.
For acute toxicity, a single 2000mg/Kg by body weight dose of the plant extract and the reference (Silymarin 50mg/Kg) were administered to rats, and they were observed for 14 days. Biochemical markers of toxicity such as ALAT, ASAT, GGT, Bilirubin were quantified, and histological studies of the liver were carried out.
Results: No secondary metabolites were identified at 30 mins and 1hr in rat serum following a 500 mg/Kg oral dose. Administration of a 2000 mg/Kg oral dose to rats was well tolerated, and there were no deaths or significant target organ toxicity. The plant showed no lethality at the dose of 2000mg/kg body weight and decreased liver toxicity markers such as ASAT, ALAT, GGT, and Bilirubin. Histology revealed no significant damage to liver hepatocytes, no central vein occlusion, and no evidence of fibrosis.
Conclusion: There were no systemically available secondary metabolites at a dose of 500 mg/Kg after the qualitative screening; more sensitive and specific methods are required to test these secondary metabolites in serum. This study confirmed the safety margin of Curcuma longa with no lethality following a single oral dose of 2000mg/Kg and after observation for 14 days. There was a low expression of biochemical markers of toxicity ALAT, ASAT, and no histological indication of liver damage.
Post COVID-19 Organizing Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Alanazi Talal Khalid Abdullah , Alahmari Nasser Faris Ali , Qubays Faris Essa Ibrahim , Alenezi Solaiman Hosaian ibraheem , Alenezi Meshal Faleh Mofadhe 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Several observational studies have found parallels between COVID-19 pneumonia and organizing pneumonia (OP). This study aims to investigate the published literature of OP related to COVID-19, estimates the prevalence of OP among COVID-19 patients, and assesses the risk or COVID-19 severity associated with OP.
Methodology: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. A systematic electronic search through PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, EBSCO, and Google Scholar was conducted to include relevant and eligible literature. The authors used Review Manager 5.4 to perform quantitative data synthesis for the condition of interest analyses.
Results: A total of 9 eligible study articles and 12 case reports were included in this study. The estimated pooled organizing pneumonia prevalence among COVID-19 patients was 45.6% [23.1%-68.2%]. The association between OP and severe COVID-19 infection revealed a pooled OR [95% CI] of 5.22 [-0.96-11.41].
Conclusion: COVID-19 patients had a rather high OP prevalence (43%). Surprisingly, cancer patients with COVID-19 infection had the lowest OP prevalence. OP was identified as a possible risk factor for the severity of COVID-19 infection.
Nicotinamide as a Skin Whitener: Evidence and Controversies
Authors: Hamzawi Nabeel K. Al 
Published: July 2021

Background: Topical nicotinamide (NAM) can reduce excessive melanin deposition in cell culture, by reversibly blocking the transfer of melanosomes from melanocytes to the adjacent keratinocytes. Thus, it has been increasingly used as a whitening agent.
Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of topical nicotinamide used for the treatment of melasma and hyperpigmentation.
Methods: An electronic search for topical nicotinamide was carried out on Pubmed and Medline databases to identify studies that addressed this topic as a whitening agent. And to review the primary and secondary outcomes.
Results: A significant decrease in hyperpigmentation and increased skin lightness was found with the use of topical nicotinamide, compared with the vehicle In two small sample size clinical studies. Combined regimens including nicotinamide and other ingredients offer more synergistic effects than monotherapy.
Conclusion: Due to the lack of sufficient evidence, the use of nicotinamide for melasma remains controversial. Extended randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials with long-term follow-up periods are needed to assess the efficacy of nicotinamide as a whitening agent.
Determination of Benzoic Acid, Sorbic Acid and HMF in Grape Molasses Produced by Traditional and Modern Methods
Authors: Şanli Senem , Altınbaş Sercan 
Published: July 2021

Sorbic acid and benzoic acid have long been widely used in the food industry to inhibit the growth of various bacteria, yeasts and fungi, especially in acidic media. The health effects have led to limitation on the concentrations that can be used in food. In most studies, HMF has been found to have carcinogenic effects such as cytotoxicity toward mucous membranes, the skin and the upper respiratory tract; mutagenicity; chromosomal aberrations; and carcinogenicity toward humans and animals. Because of these reason, the analytical determination of these compounds is important for consumer interest and protection. The aim of this study is to determine the concentration of sorbic acid, benzoic acid and HMF in grape molasses samples by using HPLC. For HPLC analysis, a Zorbax SB RP18 (150 × 4.60 mm i.d. × 5 μm) column was selected as the stationary phase at 25°C. In sixteen grape molasses samples (produced by traditional and modern method), sorbic acid, benzoic acid and HMF concentrations were determined by HPLC method. HMF was detected in all of the commercial and traditional type molasses samples. Only two commercial molasses sample, sorbic acid and benzoic acid were detected.
The Quality of Life of Inguinal Hernia Patient in India: The Application of Hernia- Specific Quality of Life Assessment
Authors: Badwaik Nitesh Ganesh , Gharde Pankaj , (Pate) Meenakshi Yeola 
Published: July 2021

Background: In inguinal hernia patient post-operative recurrence rate has been decrease due to advancement in prosthetic mesh. The hernia outcome study should concentrate on hernia post-operative quality of life and various complications.
Objectives:

To study the application of HERQL INSTRUMENT in surgical practice.
To study the quality of life pre-operatively & post-operatively.
To utilise as HERQL INSTRUMENT in clinical management as a prognostic indicator to improve upon the healthcare system.

Methodology: All the patients of inguinal hernia presenting to Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha as an elective/emergency case will be included in the study after obtaining consent. Patient has to go through the HERQL questionnaire pre-operatively and post-operatively or post-operatively only. These patients will be enrolled in the study.
Results: We expect a causal relationship between formative symptomatic subscale and the reflective functional status demonstrated by HERQL. The assessment of summative pain in preoperative and immediate postoperative patient shows changes in summative pain and 3 month follow up suggestive of clinical response of HERQL.
Conclusion: This study will help to know quality of life in “post-operative” hernia patient with the help of “HERQL instrument”.
Comorbidities: A Decider of Severe Clinical Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Agrawal Rahul 
Published: July 2021

Background: Comorbidity is the biggest decider in COVID-19 pandemic whether the infected person will develop the severe clinical outcome or not. It is one of the few conclusions that has widespread acceptance.
Summary:After analyzing the case fatalities of COVID-19, many patients were found to be having either one of many conditions which are commonly called as comorbidities due to which they cannot made it to survivors list. Also several COVID-19 patients requiring the sophisticated medical attention like ventilators and oxygen support system have any kind of underlying medical condition. Deteriorated immune system is one of the reasons behind slipping into severe symptoms category.
Conclusion: It is established that comorbidities are the major influencer in COVID-19 infected patients. More study is needed to further segregate the data on the basis of each comorbidity.
Gifts from Nature: Bio‐Inspired Materials for Rechargeable Secondary Batteries
Authors: Jo Chang‐Heum , Voronina Natalia , Sun Yang‐Kook , Myung Seung‐Taek 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMaterials in nature have evolved to the most efficient forms and have adapted to various environmental conditions over tens of thousands of years. Because of their versatile functionalities and environmental friendliness, numerous attempts have been made to use bio‐inspired materials for industrial applications, establishing the importance of biomimetics. Biomimetics have become pivotal to the search for technological breakthroughs in the area of rechargeable secondary batteries. Here, the characteristics of bio‐inspired materials that are useful for secondary batteries as well as their benefits for application as the main components of batteries (e.g., electrodes, separators, and binders) are discussed. The use of bio‐inspired materials for the synthesis of nanomaterials with complex structures, low‐cost electrode materials prepared from biomass, and biomolecular organic electrodes for lithium‐ion batteries are also introduced. In addition, nature‐derived separators and binders are discussed, including their effects on enhancing battery performance and safety. Recent developments toward next‐generation secondary batteries including sodium‐ion batteries, zinc‐ion batteries, and flexible batteries are also mentioned to understand the feasibility of using bio‐inspired materials in these new battery systems. Finally, current research trends are covered and future directions are proposed to provide important insights into scientific and practical issues in the development of biomimetics technologies for secondary batteries.
Surface‐Anisotropic Janus Silicon Quantum Dots via Masking on 2D Silicon Nanosheets
Authors: Kloberg Marc Julian , Yu Haoyang , Groß Elisabeth , Eckmann Felix , Restle Tassilo M. F. , Fässler Thomas F. , Veinot Jonathan G. C. , Rieger Bernhard 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSurface‐anisotropic nanoparticles represent a new class of materials that shows potential in a variety of applications, including self‐assembly, microelectronics, and biology. Here, the first synthesis of surface‐anisotropic silicon quantum dots (SiQDs), obtained through masking on 2D silicon nanosheets, is presented. SiQDs are deposited on the 2D substrate, thereby exposing only one side of the QDs, which is functionalized through well‐established hydrosilylation procedures. The UV‐sensitive masking substrate is removed through UV‐irradiation, which simultaneously initiates the hydrosilylation of a second substrate, thereby introducing a second functional group to the other side of the now free‐standing SiQDs. This renders surface‐anisotropic SiQDs that have two different functional groups on either side of the particle. This method can be used to introduce a variety of functional groups including hydrophilic and hydrophobic substrates, while the unique optoelectronic properties of the SiQDs remain unaffected. The anisotropic morphology of the QDs is confirmed through the aggregation behavior of amphiphilic Janus SiQDs at the interface of water and hexane. Additionally, anisotropic SiQDs are used to produce the first controlled (sub)monolayer of SiQDs on a gold wafer.