bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Port Connectivity Model in The Perspective of Multimodal Transport: A Conceptual Framework
Authors: Indriastiwi F , Hadiwardoyo S P , Nahry  
Published: February 2021

Abstract
As an archipelagic country, the use of several modes or multimodal freight transport in Indonesia is indispensable. As a place of “interchanging,” Port is an essential element in a transportation system that supports a region’s economy and becomes more in the region island where incoming and outgoing goods rely on it. Port connectivity is not just about how “good” the Port is connected to the maritime transportation network and reached by regular lines services but also contributes to the entire transport network. Generally, the higher port connectivity is, the more attractive it is to facilitate cargo transportation and reduce transportation costs and time. Port connectivity is very complex, and it will be more useful if analysed from more perspective by using comprehensive analysis. This paper proposes the conceptual framework port connectivity in the multimodal perspective that sees from three aspects: maritime connectivity, connectivity of port with the hinterland, and connectivity at the Port and using the same measurement such as generalized transport cost. Analysis on various aspects will give a better understanding of port connectivity. Conceptual framework consists of three stages, the first stage is defining the definition of connectivity, seconds stage is connectivity analysis, and the last stage is synthetic of results. The importance of conceptualizing port connectivity is because there is still a lack of research on port connectivity. It is mostly analysed only on one aspect, as we know that port connectivity is very complicated. It will be more useful if analysed from a more different point of view with a comprehensive analysis.
Analysis of Stern Shape Effect on Pre-Duct Propeller Performance Based on Numerical Simulation
Authors: Prihandanu R B , Ariana I M , Handani D W 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In process and development of ship building, it always lead to the design that is environmentally friendly and has high efficiency values on the energy and economic side. The factor is the selection and determination of the propulsion system. In propulsion system, propeller and its flow is very influential, such as flow at the stern, the flow that will enter the propeller, and the propeller design used. This can increase the propulsive coefficient of the propulsion system. For single screw ship, the hull efficiency is usually between 1.1 - 1.4, while for twin-screw with conventional hull forms, the hull efficiency is around 0.95 - 1.05. The value of relative rotative efficiency is between 1.0 - 1.07 and the efficiency of the shaft is between 0.96 - 0.995. Meanwhile, the value of open water efficiency and hull efficiency greatly affect to ship performance. From the simulation, with the additional of pre-duct The hull efficiency value has increased by 2.2% - 4.3%, this is due to the increase of wake fraction value higher than the thrust deduction value. The relative rotative efficiency also increases by 0.8% - 1% for each variation of the block coefficient or type of ship. But, for the propulsive coefficient, the resulting gap was decreasing by 2% - 6%. Because of that the distance between the hull and the pre-duct, the design of the propeller, the distance between the pre-duct and the propeller, and the shape of the stern are important references for the pre-duct design.
Characteristic Of Containers In Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever Endemic Area In Coastal Area (Kedung Cowek Village), Bulak District, Surabaya
Authors: Simatupang R , Wicharana W 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A container is a water reservoir that can become a breeding place for the Aedes aegypti mosquito as a vector for transmitted DHF, especially man-made containers. Kedung Cowek is a coastal area that is located in Surabaya and this area is endemic to DHF. Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a disease caused by the Dengue virus and transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. This research aimed to know the characteristics of the containers in Kedung Cowek Village, Bulak District, Surabaya. This is descriptive research that is in collaboration with our lecturer. The data were analyzed in descriptive form and presented in tabular form. The results showed a total number of containers were 199 containers with details of indoor containers as much as 191 (96%) with 104 (92,9%) of them positive for larvae and 8 (7,1%) of all outdoor containers positive for larvae. The indoor containers that had the highest number and positivity of larvae were bathtubs as much as 94 (42.9%) with 51 (49%) of them positive for larvae. From the 8 outdoor containers, the ones with the highest number and positivity of larvae were buckets as much as 6 (75%) with all of which were larva positive. There were 4 (50%) open and 4 (50%) closed outdoor containers with all of them positive for larvae. By finding Aedes aegypti larvae, adult Aedes aegypti mosquitoes will also be found that have the potential to transmit DHF in coastal areas.
Optimum Propeller Interaction Analysis of Harbourtug With Azimuth Thruster
Authors: Utami S D , Ariana I M , Fathallah A Z M , Asmara I P S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Determine the safety of tug operation at sea, especially in narrow shipping areas such as port areas, it is necessary to pay attention to the maneuverability of ships and the performance of the ship’s steering system. In ship maneuvering, a specially designed thruster with 360 degrees side thrust with a small turning angle is needed in order to produce a good ship movement performance. In this study, the authors designed a tugboat propeller ka-series four blades. The propeller can move 360 degrees so that the distribution of power is evenly distributed in all directions. The system is expected to provide extra thrust when needed in the process of maneuvering and docking the ship. Equipped with hydraulics used to quickly lift and lower the thruster and pull it back into the hull when not in use. The analysis results show that each propeller variation such as the difference in thrust value, torque value and resulting efficiency. From the analysis model, the highest thrust value was obtained in the first propeller model with a variation of P/D 1, AE/A0 0.45 valued at 306201.4. The lowest torque value is generated in the third propeller model with a variation of P/D 0.6, AE/A0 0.65 value at - 22400.2 Nm. Harbourtug requires a high thrust value, so it is advisable to use the first Propeller model with variations of P/D 1, AE/A0 0.45 The highest efficiency value is obtained in the first propeller model valued at 0.7151.
Characteristics of Turning Circle and Zig-Zag Manoeuvres of An Indonesian Ferry Ship In Shallow Water
Authors: Muhammad A H , Paroka D , Rahman S , Firmansyah M R , Putra T P 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Ship manoeuvring performance is very important in navigation safety, especially when ships operate in shallow water. This paper describes the characteristics of turning circle and zig-zag manoeuvres of Indonesian ferry ships in shallow water. A time-domain simulation program was developed for this purpose. Several parameters such as ship speed and water depth levels have been considered in the simulation. The results shows a significant difference in the ship’s trajectory and speed when the ship manoeuvring in different water depths. The ship manoeuvre trajectory diameter for shallow water (h/T=1.3) is greater than in deep water (h/T=4.0). Meanwhile, the speed of the ship during turns increases with the decreasing depth of the water (h). Likewise, the 20/20° zig-zag manoeuvre of the ship shows that the heading angle in shallow waters has a smaller overshoot angle when compared to the ship manoeuvres in the deep waters.
Problems and technical solutions of capture fisheries in Eastern Indonesian waters
Authors: Hetharia W R , de Fretes E R , Gaspersz F , Tupan J , Feninlambir A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Problems concerning capture fisheries in Eastern Indonesian Waters cover the existing of fishes at sea, continuity of catching activities, the use of fishing gears, safety aspects, market, price and recent situation of pandemic Covid-19. This conditions have the impact on decreasing of economy aspect of local fishermen. The purpose of this research is to develop facility of capture fisheries and other related technical aspects to overcome the existing problems and to keep the continuity of fishing activities. The research started by initial field survey by the authors. In addition, related problems from other references are used as input design parameters. Design process end-up with the blue prints and the design specifications of fishing boats and fishing gears. The research was continued with construction of boats prototype, training for the fishermen and sea trials. The results of research were prototypes and design specifications of several types of fishing boats. Fishing boats with hull configurations (monohull, catamaran and trimaran) and fishing gears specification were fixed due to boat operational aspects. In addition, the results of study concerning safety aspect and ship operation in period of Pandemic Covid-19 are presented in this paper. Recommendations of results of this study are presented for future development of fishing boats for local fishermen.
The development of a risk-based maintenance flowchart to select the correct methodology to develop maintenance strategies of oil and gas equipment
Authors: Priyanta D , Zaman M B , Semin  
Published: February 2021

Abstract
There are hundreds, even thousands of equipment that are installed on an Oil and Gas Plant. The equipment can be static equipment, rotating machinery, or protective devices. Each type of equipment has a unique failure mechanism and failure mode. Maintenance tasks should be performed to prevent these failures from being happened. The maintenance task should be developed based on the methodology, which will capture the failure mechanism yet to prevent it from being more severe. Before March 2018, the Indonesian government has adopted a time-based maintenance policy for all static equipment operated by oil and gas companies operating in the Republic of Indonesia’s territory. Every three years, the static equipment that works must be inspected and recertified. In March 2018, the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources issued regulation No. 18, which allows the use of risk analysis methods to determine maintenance strategies, known as risk-based maintenance, for all equipment operated by oil and gas companies operating in Indonesia. This paper will develop an initial flowchart to select the correct methodology to develop maintenance based upon the dominant failure mode. A case study to demonstrate the flowchart has also been performed in an Onshore Receiving Facility (ORF).
A simulation study of the fleet sizing problem in pilotage and tug services: Case study of Tanjung Perak port, Surabaya
Authors: Hadi F , Supomo H , Achmadi T 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Pilotage and tug services are one of the essential services in port operation especially for ports which has channel like Tanjung Perak. There are important interactions between decision on sizing tugboats and decision on utilizing that fleet. This paper combines simulation and assignment model for supporting strategic fleet sizing problem at ports where a Monte Carlo simulation is built to capture the behavior of the real system, whereas the assignment model is built to allocate tugboats near optimal. This approach is quite flexible in the sense that the simulation part can deal with the stochastic aspects with a quite precisions and the assignment model can easily change the tugboats configurations. The performance of the model developed is evaluated by comparing the real data and the simulation results with high precision. The methodology developed in this paper provided valuable decision support on strategic fleet sizing problems in pilotage and tug services at the port.
Improved PID Controller for DC Motor Control
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed , Tahir Nura Musa , Zimit Aminu Yahaya , Idi Musa , Abubakar Kamal Abubakar , Jalo Salihu Abdulmumini 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Presented is an improved version of the PID controller (PIDC) for DC motor control. The PIDC is a very cheap and easy controller to implement and is currently in use in many systems. There are instances whereby higher precision is required and an improved version of the PID can serve. The systems might not be necessary limited to marine systems. Hence, saving the need for more costly redesign. The PIDC proposed was compared with the PID. Results show that the PIDC has superior performance compared to the PID. Hence, it is an indication that the PID could still withstand future developments; that is maintaining its characteristics of simplicity and cheapness.
Analysis of pontoon multi pendulum motion response trimaran model at ocean wave power plant based on pendulum system (PLTG-SB)
Authors: Utama I K A P , Hantoro R , Septyaningrum E , Khasanah Q , Prananda J , Arief I S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Ocean waves are one of the renewable energy potentials for an archipelago country like Indonesia. The development of Wave Energy Converter presented in the research carried out is a system that uses a pontoon with a pendulum for energy extraction, which is called the Pendulum System Wave Power Plant (PLTG-SB). The shape of the pontoon uses a trimaran model with a cylindrical shape as the main body and support. The simulation of the response of the pontoon with multi pendulums shows the maximum RAO pitch value of 1.15° / cm in the 6 second wave period and the response to the change in deviation is the maximum value in the 6 second wave period with a deviation of 198.07°. The variation in the length of the pendulum arm gave the largest deviation value of 106.7 cm, while in the variation of the number of pendulums the largest deviation occurred on the pontoon with the number of pendulums n = 2.
Autonomous Robotic Exploration and Navigation System using Tri-layered Mapping and Geometrical Path Planning Techniques
Authors: Gowtham S , Praveen R , Parthiban M , Sai Charan P , Seenu N , Kuppan Chetty RM 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In the recent decade, robotic exploration is emerging as a vast research platform as it prolongs to be a challenging task, especially in unknown dynamic environments. Exploration plays a vital role in collecting data from the areas inaccessible to the human. The operation of manual exploration systems in complex environments is cumbersome due to ineffective noise filtering, poor visibility and shuffling of map characteristics. In order to overcome such drawbacks, our approach focuses on the development of autonomous robotic exploration by designing a robust SLAM-based system, incorporating tri-layered mapping technique for automatic map generation and a new geometrical boundary-based path-planning technique to improve the mobility of the robot during navigation. The proposed path-planning algorithm yields better trajectory planning and obstacle avoidance using the pose, odometry and orientation parameters of the robot. The performance of the developed robot is evaluated through real-time experimentation, and it is evident from the results that, the proposed approach is preferable for autonomous exploration applications.
Development of High Yield Farming using IoT based UAV
Authors: Bhuvaneshwari C , Saranyadevi G , Vani R , Manjunathan A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Crop production and crop growth monitoring can be improved using agricultural drone i.e., Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). Nowadays, due to population growth drones helpful for agriculture become most efficiently. In this paper, by using various sensors and Internet of Things applied in drone for crop production improving, UAV using Raspberry Pi 3B module to displayed in the field with advanced solutions.
Design of Autonomous Vehicle Control using IoT
Authors: Manjunathan A , Suresh Kumar A , Udhayanan S , Thirumarai Selvi C , Stonier Albert Alexander 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A Prototype autonomous vehicle system is explained in this paper. A car has been driven using internet with more secured. There are three types of detection like Traffic light detection, Obstacle detection and Lane detection. It is most important features of this project. The main purpose of this concept is to reduce accident and human life. The important component are used a Raspberry Pi, a Picamera, a Web interface and Internet modem. It is based on Computer vision algorithm. Raspberry Pi is most important one to construct. The video has been pick and passed through internet. It has low cost and very efficient project.
Experimental Investigation on Enhancing the Strength of Porous Concrete by adding Polypropylene Fiber
Authors: Mukesh T S , Sampathkumar K , Muthuselvi C , Ranjith M , Nithesh Kumar S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Porous concrete has its application in many fields. Mainly for drainage purpose porous concrete can be used as a covering as well as to drain the liquid. Strength is only drawback in the porous concrete as the surface area contact between the coarse aggregates is less. In order to enhance the strength properties, poly propylene was used in layers. Various no of layers was introduced in the prism as well as for cube to determine the strength enhancement properties. Through experimental study it was found that strength due compressive force of the pervious concrete increases up to placing 3 layers of polypropylene geo textile fabric and get decreased after that. Similar to the compression test, the flexural strength also showed similar behaviour in the increase in strength up to the 3no of layers. Similarly, porosity test was carried to find the effect of porosity due to PP layers. It was found that 18.5% reduction in porosity was noted when 3 layers of PP were incorporated.
Exergy analysis of forced convection solar flat plate collector using different working fluids
Authors: Rajagopal T , Prasanna N , Ajay S , Yazharasu A , Aranganathan K 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Solar energy is a widely available energy resource which can be effectively utilized without any effect on the environment. The solar Flat Plate Collector (FPC) is most commonly used collector in many solar thermal applications, but the energy absorption from the solar irradiation and transporting heat to the working fluid is less efficient. The efficiency of the collector can be enhanced by varying different parameters like reducing the air gap between the absorber plate and the glass cover of the collector, optimizing the dimensions of collector components and using high thermal stability working fluids. In these present work experimentalinvestigationand exergy analysis carried out on two selected working fluids water and coolant, are compared. The maximum outlet temperature for coolant and water as working fluid is recorded as 63°C and 59°C during higher solar intensity. The exergy efficiency of water and coolant is obtained as 6.7% and 7% respectively during peak sunshine hours.
Validation of Point Source Models for Determining Industrial Pollution and Integrating with IOT for vulnerability management
Authors: Selvakumar M. , Prasannakumari V. , Geetha S. , Muthulakshmi S. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Awareness in Environmental pollution which was restricted to water and wastewater pollution has now been extended to air pollution. In Indian Scenario, the popularity of air pollution is gaining momentum day by day and all metro cities are facing this problem due to increase in traffic and industries located in the vicinity. The major contribution to air pollution is from traffic though there are other sources like smoke from factories and burning of any material. Monitoring stations are not provided in many places as it is a costly investment. Though there are very few monitoring stations in metro cities, the other areas still do not have any means to monitor the quality of air we breathe in. This work deals with validating point source models to predict the pollution due to thermal power plant emissions in Ennore, Chennai. The details of wind speed, wind direction, temperature and humidity play a major role in dispersing the air pollutants. Particulate air pollutant PM2.5, PM10 and SO2 were monitored and the variation of air pollutants during summer and winter were studied. The influence of meteorological parameters in the concentration of these pollutants were analysed by this study. AERMOD software was used to model the data and further predictions with the help of advanced technology are discussed in this paper. Deployment of a system using advanced sensors and systems has enabled us to assess the air quality by integrating IOT with sensors which could facilitate continuous monitoring of the pollutants.
Automatic Control of Massecuite Temperature in the Sugar Processing Industry
Authors: Aravind C , Suji Prasad S J , Aarthi J , Aruna L , Lavanya M , Madhan Kumar T 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Sugar industries process sugarcane to produce the sugar and Brix is one of the vital parameters to be measured out of several parameters. Brix is the amount of sucrose present in the massecuite. Massecuite solution contains suspended sugar crystals in it. The mixture of 1 gram of sucrose in 100 grams of solution is quantified as One Degree Brix. Brix value influences the efficient output of the sugar industry. Hence it is essential to maintain Brix value as 65°Brix at a controlled temperature between 40°C and 45°C. In this work, with the help of temperature sensor, heater and Arduino controller, the temperature is controlled. At this controlled temperature, Brix is measured with the use of the conductivity sensor to maintain Brix value.
Strength characteristics developed in cement stabilized soil
Authors: Raja K , Elakkya E , Manikandan A T , Surya B , Nekila M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In the present study, unconfined compression tests (UCC) and directs shear tests (DST) were conducted on a sand gravel mixture stabilized with different proportions of cement. Ordinary Portland cement was used as the binding agent, added to the sand at 1%, 2%, and 3% with respect to its dry weight. Relative density of 70% is maintained throughout the study. In this study, unconfined compression tests and directs shear tests were conducted to assess the influence of the cement content on the engineering properties of the material. Numerical Analyses were performed illustrating rigid foundation on these stabilized soil which shows greater influence in the settlement of foundation. Centre, middle of the edges and corners of the rigid foundation are the point of interest in the study of settlement characteristics. The increase in the strength properties of soil shows decrease in settlement characteristics.