bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the development of vascular rigidity and cardiovascular risk in patients with arterial hypertension
Authors: Statsenko M. E. , Streltsova A. M. 
Published: December 2021

Purpose. To assess the parameters of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, insulin resistance, chronic low-intensity systemic inflammation, structural and functional parameters of the liver in patients with hypertension (AH) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) compared with patients with isolated AH, as well as the impact of changes in these parameters on reducing the elasticity of the main arteries and increasing the risk of cardiovascular complications in patients with comorbid pathology.Material and methods. A comparative cross-sectional study was carried out, which included 120 patients, aged 45 to 65, with AH grade I-II, stages 1-2 (with (FLI≥60) and without NAFLD). During the initial examination, a clinical examination was carried out, the parameters of lipid, carbohydrate and structural-functional parameters of the liver were assessed. The severity of chronic systemic inflammation and insulin resistance were also assessed. Pulse wave velocity (PWV), central aortic pressure (CAP), vascular age and total cardiovascular risk were measured according to the SCORE scale.Results. The data obtained indicate a more pronounced insulin resistance, chronic systemic inflammation, as well as significantly higher lipid metabolism in patients with AH and NAFLD in comparison with patients with isolated AH. In addition, in patients of this group, the indicators of PWV and CAP were significantly higher, and patients with AH and NAFLD had a higher 10-year fatal risk (p=0.013). The performed ROC analysis showed that at FLI≥60, a high risk of PWVm>10m/s is predicted. Multiple regression analysis found that an increase in VLDL cholesterol leads to an increase in the values of both PWVe (p<0.001) and PWVb (p=0.048). The 10-year fatal risk (SCORE) in patients with AH and NAFLD increased with an increase in PWVe (p=0.021), FLI (p=0.013), and visceral obesity (p<0.001).Conclusion. The study shows that in patients with AH and NAFLD, compared with patients with isolated AH, the indicators of insulin resistance and chronic low-intensity systemic inflammation are significantly higher, the highly atherogenic type of hyperlipidemia and visceral obesity are more often found. Also, in comorbid patients with AH, statistically significant higher values of CAP and augmentation index are determined. Stiffness indices of the great arteries were also significantly higher in patients with comorbid pathology. The ROC analysis showed that at FLI≥60, a high risk of PWVm>10 m/s was predicted, which is associated with the development of cardiovascular complications. Also, multiple regression analysis showed that the increase in PWVe and PWVm was mainly due to an increase in VLDL cholesterol, and the 10-year fatal cardiovascular risk of complications had the greatest increase with an increase in the values of PWVe, FLI and visceral obesity.
Smoking and fatty liver disease in rural therapeutic area residents
Authors: Mikhailova N. V. , Petrunko I. I. 
Published: December 2021

Aim: Evaluate the relationship of Smoking with fatty liver disease (FLD) of various etiologies.Materials and Methods: Out of1568 residents of the rural therapeutic area agreed to participate in the study of 1123 residents of the rural medical area with negative markers of hepatitis B and / or C. The survey included the collection of anamnesis for smoking and alcohol consumption. An objective, laboratory (complete blood count, biochemical liver function tests) and instrumental examination, including ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs, were carried out.Results: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was detected in 247 (22.0%) people, alcoholic liver disease (ALD) — in 276 (24.6%) (p>0.05). 542 people smoked of the surveyed. Among patients with NAFLD, Smoking was 20.2%, their Smoking experience was 35.1±11.5 years, and the Smoking index was 24.5±10.9. Among patients with ALP, Smoking is higher-93.1% (p<0.05), Smoking experience is less — 29.5±9.8 years (p<0.05), as is the Smoking index of 21.8±7.7 (p<0.05). Among smokers, 56.8% had FLD, 83.8% of them were of alcoholic etiology, and 16.2% were non — alcoholic (p<0.05). Among non-smokers, compared with smokers, FLD was detected less frequently — in 37.2% of people (p<0.05), of which alcohol etiology — in 8.8% (p<0.05), non — alcoholic-in 91.2% (p<0.05).Conclusion: In the rural therapeutic area, 93.1% of ALD sufferers smoke, and 20.2% of NAFLD patients smoke (p<0.05). In patients with NAFLD, the duration of smoking was longer (35.1 ± 11.5) than in patients with ALD — 29.5 ± 9.8 years (p <0.05); the smoking index was 24.5 ± 10.9 and 21.8 ± 7.7 pack-years (p<0.05), respectively. In smokers, FLD was more common (56.8%) than in non-smokers (37.2%) (p<0.05). FLD in smokers was of alcoholic etiology more often (83.8%) than non-alcoholic (16.2%) (p<0.05), in non-smokers non-alcoholic etiology prevailed (91.2%) (p<0.05).
Direct comparison of the effects of liraglutide and dulaglutide on the dynamics of scales and markers of hepatic fibrosis
Authors: Martianova M. V. , Laevskaya M. Yu. , Meltonian A. R. , Bregovskiy V. B. , Babenko A. Yu. 
Published: December 2021

Objective. Comparison of the effects of liraglutide and dulaglutide on the dynamics of scales and markers of hepatic fibrosis.Materials and methods. 35 patients with NAFLD were included in the study and received liraglutide 1.8 mg or dulaglutide 1.5 mg once daily for 6 months.Results. Body weight and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) decreased significantly and comparable after 6 months of treatment in both groups. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels decreased only in the dulaglutide group. The decrease in the AST level in the dulaglutide group was from 31.9 ± 26.8 to 30.8 ± 10.6 U / L (p = 0.04). The dynamics of the risk of fibrosis reached statistical significance only when assessed on the FIB-4 scale in the liraglutide group when comparing the baseline values and values after 6 months of treatment — 1.18 ± 0.51 and 0.97 ± 0.40, respectively (p = 0.022). In the dulaglutide group, there was also an insignificant positive dynamics of 1.31 ± 0.53 and 1.11 ± 0.23 (p = 0.865), which can be explained by the minimal severity of changes at baseline.Conclusions. The study demonstrated comparable effects of liraglutide and dulaglutide on metabolic parameters and, at the same time, the advantage of liraglutide in influencing the dynamics of the risk of fibrosis, assessed on the FIB-4 scale. To unequivocally confirm the benefits of liraglutide in the treatment of patients with NAFLD, randomized prospective comparative studies of various aGPP1 on large samples of patients with different stages of NAFLD are needed.
Технологія виготовлення і математичні моделі апаратів високого тиску
Authors: Федірко Павло , Девін Владлен , Ткачук Василь , Бурдега Василь 
Published: December 2021

Апарати високого тиску широко використовують у галузі переробки сільськогосподарської продукції, харчових виробництв, у різних галузях промисловості. Від досконалості їхньої конструкції залежать надійність роботи апаратів, безпека обслуговуючого персоналу, продуктивність і в кінцевому підсумку собівартість продукції. Особливістю проєктування апаратів є те, що їх розрахунок регламентується численними нормативними документами – державними і галузевими стандартами, нормами тощо.
У результаті моделювання й розрахунку проаналізовані апарати високого тиску у вигляді циліндра в одно-, дво- і тришаровому виконанні, визначені еквівалентні напруження і натяги. Визначено вагові співвідношення. Апарати в тришаровому виконанні є міцними і найменш металомісткими, що суттєво зменшує вагу.
Результатом представленої роботи є висновок про те, що спроєктувати апарат високого тиску на основі багатошарової конструкції є більш доцільним. Використання представлених теоретичних викладок дозволить дотриматися всіх вимог чинних нормативних документів, зменшити металомісткість устаткування, збільшити надійність його роботи, знизити собівартість і, зрештою, підвищити якість продукції, яка виробляється. При цьому основою розрахунків є правильний вибір і складання розрахункових схем, опрацювання різних типів конструкцій та алгоритмів. Основними методиками розрахунку апаратів високого тиску є використання загального рівняння масообміну із застосуванням формули Ламе та визначенням еквівалентних напружень в елементах апарата високого тиску.
Подальше застосування теоретичних розрахунків на стадії проєктування дасть змогу розробникам знайти опти­маль­ні геометричні форми й розміри вузлів конструкції, виходячи з навантажень, які реально діють у процесі експлуатації уста­новки, що не завжди можливо зробити з використанням аналітичних залежностей.
Vrt’anês K’rtoł. Treatise “On the iconoclasts”
Authors: Рамазян А. С. 
Published: December 2021

Статья посвящена переводу и комментарию одного из древнейших в истории христианской Церкви трактатов по теме иконоборческих споров, имевших место в Армении в конце VI – начале VII в., то есть более чем за сто лет до появления византийского иконоборчества при императоре Льве III Исавре (726 г.). Изучение данного источника позволяет пролить свет на природу иконоборчества в Армении и его возможное влияние на появление иконоборческих идей в Византии. Опираясь на текст трактата «Об иконоборцах» Вртанеса Кертога, автор анализирует аргументацию первых армянских иконоборцев и находит, что она во многом схожа с последующей позицией византийских иконоборцев (ссылки на ветхозаветный запрет изображений, отождествление иконопочитания с поклонением материи, опора на авторитет Евсевия Кесарийского), хотя имеет и свои характерные особенности (ссылки на св. Григория Просветителя и события армянской истории). Основные темы, раскрываемые в статье, – это формулирование учения иконоборцев и иконопочитателей, а также определение факторов, повлиявших на возникновение и развитие иконоборчества в Армении.
The article is devoted to the translation and commentary of one of the oldest in the history of the Christian Church treatises on the iconoclastic controversy that took place in Armenia in the late VI – the beginning of the VII century, that is, more than a hundred years before the advent of the Byzantine iconoclasm under Emperor Leo III the Isaurian (726 g.). The study of this source sheds light on the nature of iconoclasm in Armenia and its possible impact on the emergence of the iconoclastic ideas in Byzantium. Based on the text of the treatise «On Iconoclasts» by Vrt’anês K’rtoł, the author analyzes the argumentation of the first Armenian iconoclasts and finds that it is very similar to the subsequent position of the Byzantine iconoclasts (e.g. references to the Old Testament prohibition of images, the identification of the veneration of icons with the worship of matter, relying on the authority of Eusebius of Caesarea), although it has its own characteristics (references to St. Gregory the Illuminator and events of Armenian history). The main topics covered in the article are: the formulation of the iconoclastics’ doctrine, cross veneration, as well as identification of the factors that influenced the emergence and development of iconoclasm in Armenia.
Conscientious Objection to Abortion: A Comparative International Legal Framework
Authors: Киселева Екатерина Вячеславовна , Кажаева Ольга Сергеевна 
Published: December 2021

В настоящем исследовании дается сравнительно-правовой анализ подхода к пониманию содержания и взаимного положения некоторых прав человека, связанных с искусственным прерыванием беременности, понимания, отраженного на универсальном уровне международно- правового сотрудничества государств в актах договорных органов защиты прав человека. Если по существу факт искусственного прерывания беременности поднимает правозащитные вопросы в отношении трёх субъектов (женщины, вынашивающей ребёнка, нерожденного ребёнка и врача, осуществляющего аборт или отказывающегося от проведения такового), то со стороны защиты прав человека речь ведётся почти исключительно о женщине, чья жизнь и материалистически понимаемые интересы приоритизируются над всеми остальными правозащитными аспектами. В настоящей работе сравнению подвергаются именно права различных субъектов, оказывающихся связанными через аборт, объем и защищенность этих прав международным правом. В качестве международно-правовой основы для сравнения взят Международный билль о правах человека. Тезисы авторов иллюстрируются двумя делами в отношении врачей, отказавшихся проводить процедуру аборта исходя из христианских убеждений в Польше и Аргентине, соответственно. Статья подготовлена при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 18-011- 00292.
This study provides a comparative legal analysis of the understanding of the content and mutual position of some human rights associated with artificial termination of pregnancy, the understanding reflected at the universal level of international legal inter-state cooperation in the acts of human rights treaty bodies. While, in essence, the fact of artificial termination of pregnancy raises human rights questions in relation to three subjects (a woman carrying a child, an unborn child and a doctor who performs an abortion or refuses to perform it), from the point of human rights protection, it is almost exclusively about a woman, whose life and materialistically understood interests are prioritized over all other human rights aspects. In this work, it is the rights of various subjects who find themselves bound through abortion, the scope and protection of these rights by international law, limited to the International Bill of Human Rights as an international legal basis for comparison are subjected to comparison. The authors illustrate their theses with two cases against the doctors who refused to carry out an abortion procedure for reasons of conscience in accordance with their Christian beliefs in Poland and Argentina, correspondingly. The article was prepared with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research within the framework of research project № 18-011-00292.
Gregorian Chorale as a Cultural Phenomenon of the Early Middle Ages: Background, Formation and Development
Authors: Волков Нестор 
Published: December 2021

В данном исследовании автором будет поднят и рассмотрен вопрос развития церковной богослужебной музыки, а именно возникновение в Западной Церкви такого явления как григорианский хорал. Предпосылки его появления можно отследить начиная с ветхозаветных богослужебных песнопений как храмовых, так и более поздних - синагогальных. Затем автор разберет восприятие музыкальной науки в античной среде, такими классиками как Пифагор, Платон, и Аристотель, какое место в культуре и человеческой жизни в целом они ей отводили, какие функции приписывали, а также рассмотрит отношение к музыкальной науке отцов и учителей Церкви, их восприятие музыки как за богослужением, так и вне церковного пространства, но как отдельного культурного явления. Вместе с тем будут рассмотрены политические процессы, происходившие на территориях Западной Церкви, которые в свою очередь и привели сознание Западной Церкви к созданию единого корпуса богослужебных песнопений - григорианского хорала. Также автор даст ответ на вопрос: почему григорианский хорал может по праву считаться символом эпохи Раннего Средневековья, отображением самой культуры того времени.
In this study, the author will raise and consider the issue of the development of Church liturgical music, namely the emergence of such a phenomenon as the Gregorian chorale in the Western Church. The prerequisites for its appearance can be traced back to the old Testament liturgical hymns, both temple and later - synagogue. Then the author will analyze the perception of music science in the ancient environment, such classics as Pythagoras, Plato, and Aristotle, what place they assigned to it in culture and human life in General, what functions they attributed to it, and also consider the attitude of the Church fathers and teachers to music science, their perception of music both at worship and outside the Church space, but as a separate cultural phenomenon. At the same time, we will consider the political processes that took place in the territories of the Western Church, which in turn led the consciousness of the Western Church to create a single corpus of liturgical hymns - the Gregorian chorale. The author will also answer the question: why the Gregorian chorale can rightfully be considered a symbol of the Early middle Ages, a reflection of the culture of that time.
To the Metric Repertoire of G. R. Derzhavin in His Lifetime Collected Works (An Essay in Statistical Analysis)
Authors: Pasternak Ekaterina 
Published: December 2021

The article examines the metric repertoire of poems by G.R. Derzhavin in the collected works prepared by himself (Vol. 1–4. St. Petersburg, 1808; Vol. 5. St. Petersburg, 1816). A statistical analysis of the metrics of poems in the first three volumes and in the 5th volume (Vol. 4, which contains dramatic works, was not considered) shows that two tendencies coexist in Derzhavin&apos;s work. On the one hand, a large number of poems are written in the usual meters, such as four-foot iambic or four-foot trochee, while statistically the number of poems written in such “usual” meters does not at all coincide with the general trends of the time. It can be assumed that in terms of the distribution of meters according to the number of verses, Derzhavin is ahead of his time. On the other hand, metric experiments are also not uncommon in the “Works”. The poet uses iambic and trochaic varieties, which are not very common in the late 18th – early 19th centuries, three-syllable meters; each volume contains polymetric compositions. There are also more radical experiments: for example, several logaedos or works in which the ancient metric is imitated, but ineptly, which leads to the emergence of texts such as “Polyhymnii”, whose size eventually coincides with the tactician. In the “Works” not all of Derzhavin’s poems are collected, but only those that he wanted to present to the public, therefore, we can assume that, since this corpus of verses was best known to the poet’s readers, including readers-poets, these verses, including number in terms of the choice of meters and their distribution over the volume of poems, could have the most obvious versification influence on the further development of Russian poetry among all the poet’s verses.
PELATIHAN PEMBERDAYAAN KELOMPOK WANITA PEMBUAT KERUPUK UBI UNGU DI DESA PADAHANTEN
Authors: Whydiantoro  , Budiman Budiman , Koswara Engkos 
Published: December 2021

The purple sweet potato cracker product is the result of the creativity of the women's farmer group in Padahanten village. Until now, purple sweet potato crackers have not been able to become the main commodity in helping the economy of the women farmer group. Only a few members sell crackers. However, in practice sales are so small that they cannot be used as a reliable source of income. This is caused by various factors, one of the contributing factors is product packaging and product marketing.
Product packaging currently only uses simple plastic without using a brand or logo, so it is less attractive to consumers. For marketing only through local residents and stalls in the village.
In the manufacturing process, women farmer groups have not used tools/machines to speed up the production process. So it takes a relatively long time to produce crackers.
In this community service activity, the packaging design will be made to the manufacture of marketing media in the form of web marketing. With this is expected to increase consumer interest and marketing. In addition, the manufacture of production equipment and training will be given to the women's farmer group in Padahanten Village in order to increase the production speed of the purple sweet potato cracker product.
Використання візуальних метрик для аналізу стиснення з втратами зашумлених зображень
Authors: Коваленко Богдан Віталійович , Лукін Володимир Васильович 
Published: December 2021

The subject of the article is to analyze the effectiveness of lossy image compression using a BPG encoder using visual metrics as a quality criterion. The aim is to confirm the existence of an operating point for images of varying complexity for visual quality metrics. The objectives of the paper are the following: to analyze for a set of images of varying complexity, where images are distorted by additive white Gaussian noise with different variance values, build and analyze dependencies for visual image quality metrics, provide recommendations on the choice of parameters for compression in the vicinity of the operating point. The methods used are the following: methods of mathematical statistics; methods of digital image processing. The following results were obtained. Dependencies of visual quality metrics for images of various degrees of complexity affected by noise with variance equal to 64, 100, and 196. It can be seen from the constructed dependence that a working point is present for images of medium and low complexity for both the PSNR-HVS-M and MS-SSIM metrics. Recommendations are given for choosing a parameter for compression based on the obtained dependencies. Conclusions. Scientific novelty of the obtained results is the following: for a new compression method using Better Portable Graphics (BPG), research has been conducted and the existence of an operating point for visual quality metrics has been proven, previously such studies were conducted only for the PSNR metric.The test images were distorted by additive white Gaussian noise and then compressed using the methods implemented in the BPG encoder. The images were compressed with different values of the Q parameter, which made it possible to estimate the image compression quality at different values of compression ratio. The resulting data made it possible to visualize the dependence of the visual image quality metric on the Q parameter. Based on the obtained dependencies, it can be concluded that the operating point is present both for the PSNR-HVS-M metric and for the MS-SSIM for images of medium and low complexity, it is also worth noting that, especially clearly, the operating point is noticeable at large noise variance values. As a recommendation, a formula is presented for calculating the value of the compression control parameter (for the case with the BPG encoder, it is the Q parameter) for images distorted by noise with variance varying within a wide range, on the assumption that the noise variance is a priori known or estimated with high accuracy.