bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Force kinematic analysis of the process of needle punching of woven preforms
Authors: Чесноков А.В. , Черенков С.П. , Чесноков Д.В. 
Published: September 2021

Описан процесс трансверсального армирования плетеных преформ иглопробивкой. Определен процесс взаимодействия иглы с оплеточными жгутами с учетом деформационных процессов изменения амплитуды переплетения и проскальзыванием жгутов плетеной структуры материала при введении иглы. Приведены экспериментальные данные сопротивления проникновению иглы в преформу и подложку.
The process of transverse reinforcement of woven preforms with needle punching is described. The process of interaction of the needle with the braiding cords is determined, taking into account the deformation processes of the change in the weave amplitude and the slippage of the cords of the woven structure of the material when the needle is inserted. Experimental data on resistance to penetration of the needle into the preform and substrate are presented.
Mathematical modeling of the correlation function and the energy spectra of the noise modulation function
Authors: Воловач В.И. 
Published: September 2021

Рассмотрены и проанализированы вопросы, связанные с математическим моделированием корреляционных функций и энергетических спектров функции помеховой модуляции. Показано, что при воздействии на сигнал узкополосной мультипликативной помехи в энергетическом спектре функции помеховой модуляции присутствует дискретная составляющая, мощность которой зависит от глубины фазовых искажений. При импульсно-флуктуационной модулирующей помехе с детерминированным тактовым интервалом энергетический спектр функции помеховой модуляции представляет собой сумму непрерывной и дискретной частей.
The issues related to mathematical modeling of correlation functions and energy spectra of the noise modulation function are considered and analyzed. It is shown that when a signal is affected by a narrow-band multiplicative interference, a discrete component is present in the energy spectrum of the interference modulation function, the power of which depends on the depth of the phase distortion. In the case of pulse-fluctuating modulating interference with a deterministic clock interval, the energy spectrum of the interference modulation function is the sum of the continuous and discrete parts.
Optimal control model for the formation of strength indicators of bulk structures
Authors: Спирин Б.Л. , Фролов С.В. , Абразумов В.В. 
Published: September 2021

В данной статье рассматривается метод построения модели прочностных свойств композиционного материала. Особое внимание уделено установлению функциональных зависимостей рассматриваемых в статье параметров, оказывающих существенное влияние на получение композита с требуемыми эксплуатационными характеристиками. Показано как влияют различные характеристики композиционного материала на процесс получения изделия с требуемыми прочностными свойствами.
This article discusses a method for constructing a model of the strength properties of a composite material. Particular attention is paid to the establishment of functional dependencies of the parameters considered in the article, which have a significant impact on obtaining a composite with the required performance characteristics. It is shown how different characteristics of a composite material influence the process of obtaining a product with the required strength properties.
Conceptual foundations for ensuring high-efficiency testing of elements of advanced rocket and space technology products based on the intellectualization of technologies, measuring, hardware, software and technical means of ground-based test complexes
Authors: Вокин Г.Г. , Гуменюк А.М. 
Published: September 2021

Изложены методические подходы, научно-технические предложения, результаты проработок, нацеленные на повышение показателей эффективности испытаний перспективных изделий ракетно-космической техники (РКТ) на основе использования элементов интеллектуализации информационно-измерительных технологий, аппаратно-технических и обеспечивающих средств наземных испытательных комплексов.
Presents methodological approaches, scientific and technical proposals, and the results of research aimed at improving the performance of tests of advanced rocket and space technology (RKT) products based on the use of elements of intellectualization of information and measurement technologies, hardware, and support facilities of ground-based test complexes.
Assessment of the state of technical objects in the conditions of indistinguishability and the presence of non-deterministic metrological characteristics
Authors: Захаров А.А. , Захаров В.А. 
Published: September 2021

В статье рассматривается проблема оценки прочности потенциально опасных систем техногенного характера в условиях недетерминированности метрологических характеристик и неразличимости информативных параметров такого метода диагностирования, как акустическая эмиссия. Приводится пример учета неразличимости и получения достоверных исходных данных для определения технического состояния объектов.
The article deals with the problem of assessing the strength of potentially dangerous man-made systems under conditions of non-deterministic metrological characteristics and indistinguishability of informative parameters of such a diagnostic method as acoustic emission. An example of accounting for indistinguishability and obtaining reliable source data for determining the technical condition of objects is given.
Enhancement of sunlight irradiation for wastewater disinfection by mixing with seawater
Authors: Suzuki Yoshihiro , Uno Mizuho , Nishiyama Masateru , Nukazawa Kei , Masago Yoshifumi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThere is a need for developing a simple and easy-to-maintain disinfection technique for sewage treatment for use in developing countries and disaster-affected areas. We propose a novel disinfection technology that inactivates bacteria in wastewater via sunlight irradiation under high salt concentration by mixing with seawater. The disinfection efficiency of the proposed method was quantitatively evaluated and examined using fecal indicator bacteria. When the salinity in wastewater was adjusted to 30 practical salinity units by mixing with seawater, the constant of inactivation irradiation energy Ks (m2/MJ) was 1.6–2.2-fold greater than that without seawater for total coliforms and Escherichia coli. By contrast, although enterococci were inactivated by sunlight irradiation, an increase in salinity did not enhance disinfection. On setting the irradiation energy of sunlight to 5.5 MJ/m2, &gt;99% of the fecal indicator bacteria were inactivated. Finally, we examined the relationship between the attenuation of irradiance and water depth and accordingly proposed a design of a treatment system wherein wastewater and seawater were adequately mixed and passed via a disinfection tank under the natural flow with sunlight irradiation.
Parameters for effective sand filtration of Schistosoma mansoni cercariae from water
Authors: Braun Laura , Sylivester Yasinta Daniel , Zerefa Meseret Dessalegne , Maru Muluwork , Allan Fiona , Zewge Feleke , Emery Aidan M. , Kinung'hi Safari , Templeton Michael R. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a water-based neglected tropical disease that is prevalent in over 78 countries. It affects communities that are reliant on freshwater bodies contaminated with Schistosome cercariae for their daily water activities. Whilst treatment with the drug praziquantel is relatively effective, it does not prevent reinfection. One option for reducing schistosomiasis infection is providing at-risk communities with treated water, thereby reducing contact with cercaria-infested water for activities such as bathing or doing laundry. This study aims to establish design guidance for sand filtration to remove schistosome cercariae from water. Four sand filters were tested, varying from 300 to 2000 μm in sand grain size. Each filter was tested with a sand depth of 20 cm, which was increased until no cercariae were detected in the effluent. The required filter depth to remove 100% of cercariae ranged between 40 and 70 cm depending on sand grain size. Cercaria removal was more effective in filters with smaller sand grain size and larger filter depth. These results are valid for intermittent flow, for up to six cycle flushes. While more rigorous testing is needed, these initial results suggest that sand filters can be an effective way to treat cercaria-contaminated water in low-income settings.
Evaluating the contingency treatment performance of advanced electro-catalysis oxidation processes for marine bacteria in ballast water
Authors: Xu Yulin , Wang Qiong , Wu Huixian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Effects of ballast water treatment by advanced electro-catalysis oxidation processes (AEOP) on abundance, activity, and diversity of marine bacteria were examined in a full-scale ballast water management system (BWMS) at Yangshan Port, Shanghai, China. Water samples were collected immediately after treatment and at discharge to evaluate the contingency treatment performance of the BWMS for bacteria. After treatment, the total viable count reduced to 0.7 × 104 CFU·mL−1, and both Escherichia coli and enterococci decreased to 10 CFU·100 mL−1, which satisfied the D-2 Standard of the International Maritime Organization. AEOP can be as an effective contingency reception facility. Sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons demonstrated the declining trend in bacterial diversity, and while the treatment did not completely eliminate the risk of bacterial dispersal, potentially pathogenic bacteria survived in treated and discharged samples. Bacterial diversity is of greater concern when evaluating effects of ballast water treatment on microorganisms because the bacteria which can develop adaptive mechanisms to environmental change will have a greater potential for invasion in the new environment.
Determination of kinetic coefficients for treating synthetic oily wastewater in suspended growth batch fed reactor
Authors: Sanghamitra P. , Mazumder Debabrata , Mukherjee Somnath 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Discharge of oily wastewater imparts serious threat to the environment because of high level concentration of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) as well as oil and grease and it is difficult to treat such wastewater due to its inherent toxic and inhibitory property. A treatability study of oily wastewater (carrying petroleum) has been performed in the present work using a batch suspended growth reactor. The experiment was conducted using acclimatized suspended biomass in laboratory environment and the kinetic coefficients were determined which are immensely important for the design of such reactor. The oil removal efficiency was observed to be in the range of 62.84–85.45% corresponding to average MLSS concentration range of 1,797–3,668 mg/L. Haldane kinetic model was found to be the best fitted for the biodegradation of oily wastewater with acclimatised microorganisms in the present investigation. The kinetic co-efficients including Ks, Y, kd, k and ki were calculated from the experimental data and the values were compared with published results cited by various scientists. The derived kinetic coefficients values are to be useful for understanding the dynamics of substrate utilisation with production of biomass and efficient design of biological systems and also for pilot plant investigation with real life wastewater of similar nature.
Analysis of Robustness of the Landmark Cardiovascular Outcome Trials
of Antidiabetic Drugs - A Systematic Review
Authors: Bose Debdipta , Konwar Mahanjit 
Published: September 2021

Background:
It is essential for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to report results in a
comprehensive manner. Hence, it is necessary to assess the robustness of the trials with statistically
significant and as well as non-significant results. Robustness can be evaluated using fragility index
(FI), while reverse fragility index (RFI) can be used for trials with statistically significant as well
as non-significant results. The primary aim of this study was to calculate FI and RFI for cardiovascular
outcome trials (CVOT).

Materials & Methods:
PubMed/MEDLINE was searched to identify all RCTs of antidiabetic
drugs where the primary objective was to evaluate the cardiovascular outcomes. We recorded the
trial characteristics of each CVOT trial. The FI, RFI, fragility quotient (FQ), and reverse fragility
quotient (RFQ) were calculated to evaluate the robustness of the trials. Spearman rank correlation
test was used for correlation.

Findings:
A total of 889 studies were identified and 24 RCTs were included. Among the 24 trials,
12 (50%) trials achieved statistical significance. The median FI and RFI were 29 (4-12) and 22.5
(1-37) for trials with statistically significant and non-significant results. The median FQ and RFQ
were 0.0075 (0.002-0.013) and 0.0003 (0.0001-0.004) for trials with statistically significant and
non-significant results. The hazard ratio, p-value, and NNT-B had a strong negative relationship
with FI.

Interpretation:
Our study showed that half of the trials showing the superiority of cardioprotective
benefits have favourable FI. The trials that failed to show superiority also have a reasonable RFI indicating
the robustness of these trials. However, the results of the trials where patients lost to follow-
up exceed the FI of that trial demands caution during interpretation
Role of 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose–Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Imaging in the Prediction of Prognosis in Patients With Indolent Lymphoma: Prospective Study
Authors: AlShehry Nawal Faiez , Shanker Raja , Zaidi Syed Ziauddin Ahmed , AlGhmlas Fahad , Motabi Ibraheem Hussein , Iqbal Shahid , Butt Ahmad Ali , AlShehri Hassan , Tailor Imran Khan , Altaf Syed Yasir , AlGhamdi Mubarak , Marie Mohammed , AlFayez Mansour , Al Zahrani Kamal , Dwaimah Mohammed , Al-Halouli Tahani , Al-Shakweer Wafaa , AlShehery Maied Zaher , Zaidi Abdul Rehman Zia , Gill Atta Munawar , Albtoosh Belal Mohammed , Ahmed Musab 
Published: September 2021

Background
The role of fluorodeoxyglucose–positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) in indolent lymphoma has been minimally studied.

Objective
This study aims to assess the value of FDG-PET/CT in predicting the prognosis of indolent lymphoma.

Methods
We prospectively recruited 42 patients with indolent lymphoma. A total of 2 patients were excluded, and 40 underwent baseline PET/CT and follow-up at various time points. A total of 9 patients were observed only, 7 received 4 doses of rituximab alone, and 24 received chemoimmunotherapy. Metabolic response on follow-up PET/CT was assessed using the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and Deauville criteria (DC). We aimed to obtain the best SUVmax and DC to predict optimal survival rates, risk stratification, and optimize therapeutic strategies. The mean follow-up from the initial diagnosis was 33.83 months.

Results
SUVmax <4.35 at interim PET/CT provided the best discrimination, with a progression-free survival (PFS) of 100% and a median survival time of 106.67 months compared with SUVmax ≥4.35 (P=.04), which had a PFS of 43.8% and a median survival time of 50.17 months. This cutoff was also valuable in predicting overall survival at baseline, that is, 100% overall survival with baseline SUVmax <4.35, versus 58.4% for SUVmax ≥4.35 (P=.13). The overall survival of patients with a baseline DC score <3.0 was 100%, with a median overall survival of 106.67 months.

Conclusions
We demonstrated the utility of PET/CT in indolent lymphomas. SUVmax (<4.35 vs ≥4.35) on interim PET/CT performed best in predicting PFS.
Stakeholder Perspectives on an Inpatient Hypoglycemia Informatics Alert: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Mathioudakis Nestoras , Aboabdo Moeen , Abusamaan Mohammed S , Yuan Christina , Lewis Boyer LaPricia , Pilla Scott J , Johnson Erica , Desai Sanjay , Knight Amy , Greene Peter , Golden Sherita H 
Published: September 2021

Background
Iatrogenic hypoglycemia is a common occurrence among hospitalized patients and is associated with poor clinical outcomes and increased mortality. Clinical decision support systems can be used to reduce the incidence of this potentially avoidable adverse event.

Objective
This study aims to determine the desired features and functionality of a real-time informatics alert to prevent iatrogenic hypoglycemia in a hospital setting.

Methods
Using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Five Rights of Effective Clinical Decision Support Framework, we conducted a mixed methods study using an electronic survey and focus group sessions of hospital-based providers. The goal was to elicit stakeholder input to inform the future development of a real-time informatics alert to target iatrogenic hypoglycemia. In addition to perceptions about the importance of the problem and existing barriers, we sought input regarding the content, format, channel, timing, and recipient for the alert (ie, the Five Rights). Thematic analysis of focus group sessions was conducted using deductive and inductive approaches.

Results
A 21-item electronic survey was completed by 102 inpatient-based providers, followed by 2 focus group sessions (6 providers per session). Respondents universally agreed or strongly agreed that inpatient iatrogenic hypoglycemia is an important problem that can be addressed with an informatics alert. Stakeholders expressed a preference for an alert that is nonintrusive, accurate, communicated in near real time to the ordering provider, and provides actionable treatment recommendations. Several electronic medical record tools, including alert indicators in the patient header, glucose management report, and laboratory results section, were deemed acceptable formats for consideration. Concerns regarding alert fatigue were prevalent among both survey respondents and focus group participants.

Conclusions
The design preferences identified in this study will provide the framework needed for an informatics team to develop a prototype alert for pilot testing and evaluation. This alert will help meet the needs of hospital-based clinicians caring for patients with diabetes who are at a high risk of treatment-related hypoglycemia.
Development and Evaluation of a Virtual Reality Puzzle Game to Decrease Food Intake: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Liu Yunxin , Stamos Angelos , Dewitte Siegfried , van Berlo Zeph M C , van der Laan Laura N 
Published: September 2021

Background
Virtual reality (VR) has gained popularity in daily life, and VR food cues seem to elicit food cravings, similar to real food cues. However, little is known about the impact of VR food cues on actual food intake.

Objective
In real life (RL), exposure to food cues in a situation in which the desire to eat food interferes with the completion of a food-related task reduces the subsequent food intake (ie, the pre-exposure effect). In this study, we examine, on the one hand, whether the pre-exposure effect could be replicated in RL and, on the other hand, whether this effect could be extended to VR contexts.

Methods
The study used a 2 (stimulus type: food vs nonfood) × 2 (mode: VR vs RL) between-subject design (n=175). Participants were randomly assigned to 1 of the 4 conditions.

Results
We found the main effect of mode on food intake, with a higher food intake after both VR conditions than after RL conditions (P=.02). In addition, among female participants, we found that exposure to both food cues (ie, VR and RL) resulted in lower food intake than exposure to both nonfood cues (P=.05). In contrast, this effect was not observed among male participants (P=.34). Additionally, VR and RL cues generated similar emotional and behavioral responses (eg, arousal and game difficulty).

Conclusions
We were unable to replicate the exposure effect in our complete sample. Subgroup analyses, however, showed that for women, exposure to food cues (either in VR or in RL) reduces food intake, indicating that a VR pre-exposure procedure may effectively be applied exclusively for women.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05169996; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05169996
PIPER CHABA EXTRACTS WITH ANTIBIOFILM ACTIVITY INFLUENCE ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC AND ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIC RESPONSES IN DIABETIC WISTER RATS
Authors: RAJIA SULTANA , KHANAM KHADIZA , FARHANA UMME , RAHMAN SOHANUR , HAQUE RASHIDUL 
Published: September 2021

Objectives: Piper chaba, native to South and Southeast Asia, has been traditionally used as a medicinal plant. Aim of this study was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities of P. chaba root extracts (RE) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats along with its antimicrobial activity.
Methods: Diabetes was induced in Wister rats through the intraperitoneal administration of STZ (50 mg/kg b.w.). Antidiabetic and antilipidemic activities of the RE (in methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate and distilled water) were evaluated by administering oral dose (200 mg/kg b.w.) for 21 days. Metformin (12.1 mg/kg b.w.) was used as a positive control. Blood samples of rats were drawn by tail vein puncture and cardiac puncture to determine the fasting blood glucose (FBG) and serum level of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), respectively. Standard protocols were followed to determine the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities against two different strains of bacteria.
Results: Oral administration of P. chaba RE for 21 days resulted in a significant (p< 0.001) decrease in FBG and TC, TG, and LDL levels (p<0.001), when compared to the untreated diabetic rats. Significant (p<0.001) increase of HDL was observed when ethyl acetate and aqueous RE were administered. Out of four, two extracts showed varying antimicrobial activities, particularly against the gram-positive bacteria.
Conclusion: It became evident for the first time that P. chaba extracts possess antimicrobial activities and can serve as biochemical compounds with great alternative therapeutic potential in the management of diabetes and hypercholesterolemia.
Barriers of Professional Autonomy among Arab-Speaking Countries during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Abbas Zahra , AL-Fayyadh Sadeq 
Published: September 2021

Objectives: The aims of the study are to determine barriers of nursing autonomy among Arab-Speaking countries during Covid-19 pandemic and to determine difference in professional autonomy levels among Arab-Speaking countries and work place.
Methods: Data collected from December 12 2020 to March 15 2021 by Google form survey. Cross-sectional design was used in the present study .A purposive sample of 708 nurses who had met the study's inclusion criteria were targeted. Data were analyzed through the use of IBM-Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17, in which descriptive and inferential statistical measures were employed.
Results: The results of the study showed no deference in professional autonomy among Arab speaking countries P =0.826 and work place (P=0.826). Most common barriers of professional autonomy are absence of law protecting professional duties(35.6%) which was perceived by of the study subjects, followed by the policy of health (30.4%),followed by hospital administration style (26.4%) and domination or physicians authority (29.9%).
Conclusion: Most common barriers of professional autonomy are absence of law protecting professional duties, the policy of health care sector, domination of physicianâ€™s authority and hospital administration style. This result reflects highlights the importance of removing all obstacles to upgrade nurseâ€™s professional autonomy in the covered Arab-speaking counties.