bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phage Display Targeting Identifies Eya1 as a Regulator of Glioblastoma Stem Cell Maintenance and Proliferation
Authors: Kim JongMyung , She Chunhua , Potez Marine , Huang Ping , Wu Qiulian , Prager Briana C. , Qiu Zhixin , Bao Shideng , Rich Jeremy N. , Liu James K.C. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) ranks among the most lethal of human malignancies with GBM stem cells (GSCs) that contribute to tumor growth and therapeutic resistance. Identification and isolation of GSCs continue to be a challenge, as definitive methods to purify these cells for study or targeting are lacking. Here, we leveraged orthogonal in vitro and in vivo phage display biopanning strategies to isolate a single peptide with GSC-specific binding properties. In silico analysis of this peptide led to the isolation of EYA1 (Eyes Absent 1), a tyrosine phosphatase and transcriptional coactivator. Validating the phage discovery methods, EYA1 was preferentially expressed in GSCs compared to differentiated tumor progeny. MYC is a central mediator of GSC maintenance but has been resistant to direct targeting strategies. Based on correlation and colocalization of EYA1 and MYC, we interrogated a possible interaction, revealing binding of EYA1 to MYC and loss of MYC expression upon targeting EYA1. Supporting a functional role for EYA1, targeting EYA1 expression decreased GSC proliferation, migration, and self-renewal in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Collectively, our results suggest that phage display can identify novel therapeutic targets in stem-like tumor cells and that an EYA1-MYC axis represents a potential therapeutic paradigm for GBM.
ABCB5+ Dermal Mesenchymal Stromal Cells with Favorable Skin Homing and Local Immunomodulation for Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa Treatment
Authors: Riedl Julia , Pickett-Leonard Michael , Eide Cindy , Kluth Mark Andreas , Ganss Christoph , Frank Natasha Y. , Frank Markus H. , Ebens Christen L. , Tolar Jakub 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is a rare, incurable blistering skin disease caused by biallelic mutations in type VII collagen (C7). Advancements in treatment of RDEB have come from harnessing the immunomodulatory potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Although human bone marrow-derived MSC (BM-MSC) trials in RDEB demonstrate improvement in clinical severity, the mechanisms of MSC migration to and persistence in injured skin and their contributions to wound healing are not completely understood. A unique subset of MSCs expressing ATP-binding cassette subfamily member 5 (ABCB5) resides in the reticular dermis and exhibits similar immunomodulatory characteristics to BM-MSCs. Our work aimed to test the hypothesis that skin-derived ABCB5+ dermal MSCs (DSCs) possess superior skin homing ability compared to BM-MSCs in immunodeficient NOD-scid IL2rgammanull (NSG) mice. Compared to BM-MSCs, peripherally injected ABCB5+ DSCs demonstrated superior homing and engraftment of wounds. Furthermore, ABCB5+ DSCs vs BM-MSCs cocultured with macrophages induced less anti-inflammatory interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) production. RNA sequencing of ABCB5+ DSCs compared to BM-MSCs showed unique expression of major histocompatibility complex class II and Homeobox (Hox) genes, specifically HOXA3. Critical to inducing migration of endothelial and epithelial cells for wound repair, increased expression of HOXA3 may explain superior skin homing properties of ABCB5+ DSCs. Further discernment of the immunomodulatory mechanisms among MSC populations could have broader regenerative medicine implications beyond RDEB treatment.
O-GlcNAc Transferase is Required to Maintain Satellite Cell Function
Authors: Zumbaugh Morgan D. , Geiger Ashley E. , Luo Jing , Shen Zhengxing , Shi Hao , Gerrard David E. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a posttranslational modification considered to be a nutrient sensor that reports nutrient scarcity or surplus. Although O-GlcNAcylation exists in a wide range of cells and/or tissues, its functional role in muscle satellite cells (SCs) remains largely unknown. Using a genetic approach, we ablated O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), and thus O-GlcNAcylation, in SCs. We first evaluated SC function in vivo using a muscle injury model and found that OGT deficient SCs had compromised capacity to repair muscle after an acute injury compared with the wild-type SCs. By tracing SC cycling rates in vivo using the doxycycline-inducible H2B-GFP mouse model, we found that SCs lacking OGT cycled at lower rates and reduced in abundance with time. Additionally, the self-renewal ability of OGT-deficient SCs after injury was decreased compared to that of the wild-type SCs. Moreover, in vivo , in vitro, and ex vivo proliferation assays revealed that SCs lacking OGT were incapable of expanding compared with their wild-type counterparts, a phenotype that may be explained, at least in part, by an HCF1-mediated arrest in the cell cycle. Taken together, our findings suggest that O-GlcNAcylation plays a critical role in the maintenance of SC health and function in normal and injured skeletal muscle.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Regulate Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells via Regulatory T Cells through ICOS-ICOSL Interaction
Authors: Fan Xingliang , Xu Zhi-Bin , Li Cheng-Lin , Zhang Hong-Yu , Peng Ya-Qi , He Bi-Xin , Liu Xiao-Qing , Chen De-Hua , Chen Dong , Akdis Cezmi A. , Fu Qing-Ling 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are recognized as key controllers and effectors of type 2 inflammation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to alleviate type 2 inflammation by modulating T lymphocyte subsets and decreasing TH2 cytokine levels. However, the effects of MSCs on ILC2s have not been investigated. In this study, we investigated the potential immunomodulatory effects of MSCs on ILC2s in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from allergic rhinitis patients and healthy subjects. We further investigated the mechanisms involved in the MSC modulation using isolated lineage negative (Lin−) cells. PBMCs and Lin− cells were cocultured with induced pluripotent stem cell-derived MSCs (iPSC-MSCs) under the stimulation of epithelial cytokines IL-25 and IL-33. And the ILC2 levels and functions were examined and the possible mechanisms were investigated based on regulatory T (Treg) cells and ICOS-ICOSL pathway. iPSC-MSCs successfully decreased the high levels of IL-13, IL-9, and IL-5 in PBMCs in response to IL-25, IL-33, and the high percentages of IL-13+ILC2s and IL-9+ILC2s in response to epithelial cytokines were significantly reversed after the treatment of iPSC-MSCs. However, iPSC-MSCs were found directly to enhance ILC2 levels and functions via ICOS-ICOSL interaction in Lin− cells and pure ILC2s. iPSC-MSCs exerted their inhibitory effects on ILC2s via activating Treg cells through ICOS-ICOSL interaction. The MSC-induced Treg cells then suppressed ILC2s by secreting IL-10 in the coculture system. This study revealed that human MSCs suppressed ILC2s via Treg cells through ICOS-ICOSL interaction, which provides further insight to regulate ILC2s in inflammatory disorders.
Can leadership assessments do harm? Considerations for the ethical use of assessments in leadership development
Authors: Barnes Amy C. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article explores the ethical use of assessments in leadership training, education, and development. From the importance of having well‐trained facilitators to the consideration of power and social identity in the interpretation of individual results, this article advocates for approaching the use of leadership assessments and inventories with a critical ethic of care. This practical focus on ethics serves as a compliment to the other articles in this text by helping leadership educators and leadership professionals apply this critical lens to every facilitation.
Strengthening and transforming non‐profits with leadership profiles and assessments
Authors: Sneath Karyn Nishimura 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNon‐profit organizations positively contribute to society in a myriad of ways. With their focus on purpose and mission, they raise funds and awareness for specific causes and people. This article points to how assessments and inventories strengthen the volunteer and professional workforce that drives the work of non‐profit organizations. The assessments reviewed are the DiSC profile, leadership practices inventory, team dimensions profile, and change style indicator.
Concluding thoughts and reflections on the effective and ethical use of assessments
Authors: Shankman Marcy Levy , Gigliotti Ralph A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article offers a set of themes that summarize the entirety of the book. Of particular note is the context in which this issue was written and how our social context impacts the ways we understand and explore leadership. In addition to the critical task of increasing self‐awareness as a core deliverable of any leadership assessment or inventory, this article offers a set of themes that emerged from the articles in this issue.
Establishing the Isostructural Platform GaPd2‐InPd2‐SnPd2 to Address Electronic and/or Structural Effects
Authors: Zerdoumi Ridha , Armbrüster Marc 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe isostructural series (Ga,In)Pd2 and (In,Sn)Pd2 have been established and characterised. Together with the recently discovered isostructural series (Ga,Sn)Pd2, they form a triangle along the edges of which electronic, structural and the combination thereof on chemical and physical properties can be explored, e. g. in heterogeneous catalysis. Single‐phase ternary samples of the Ga1‐xInxPd2 and In1‐xSnxPd2 series are synthesised with x=0.1 substitution steps. Metallography and powder X‐ray diffraction are utilised to establish the phase composition of the samples and to determine how the lattice parameters vary with composition. In both isotructural series, the total volume of the unit cell increases linearly with the substitution degree x. The isostructural triangle thus constitutes an excellent material platform for decoupling electronic and structural effects, namely in catalysis, where the combination of both effects usually obscures their individual influence due to their coexistence in multimetallic catalytic materials.
Polarimetric signatures of the photon ring of a black hole that is pierced by a cosmic axion string
Authors: Gußmann Alexander 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA black hole image contains a bright ring of photons that have closely circled the black hole on their way from the source to the detector. Here, we study the photon ring of a rotating black hole which is pierced by a global hyper-light axion-type cosmic string. We show that the coupling 𝜙F$$ \overset{\sim }{F} $$F~between the axion 𝜙 and the photon can give rise to a unique polarimetric structure of the photon ring. The structure emerges due to an Aharonov-Bohm type effect that leads to a change of the polarization directions of linear polarized photons when they circle the black hole. For several parameter choices, we determine concrete polarization patterns in the ring. Measuring these patterns can provide us with a way of determining the value of the coefficient of the mixed anomaly between electromagnetism and the symmetry that gave rise to the cosmic string. Finally, we briefly review a possible formation mechanism of black holes that are pierced by cosmic strings and discuss under which conditions we can expect such objects to be present as supermassive black holes in the center of galaxies.
Practice pattern variation: treatment of pelvic organ prolapse in The Netherlands
Authors: Enklaar Rosa A. , van IJsselmuiden Mèlanie N. , IntHout Joanna , Haan Stefan J. H. , Rijssenbeek Olivier G. A. M. , Bremmer Rolf H. , van Eijndhoven Hugo W. F. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Introduction and hypothesis
Great variety in clinical management of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) has been described over the last years. Practice pattern variation (PPV) reflects differences in care that cannot be explained by the underlying condition. We aim to explore whether PPV in management of POP in The Netherlands has changed between 2011 and 2017.

Methods
We conducted a multicenter cohort study, using prospective routinely collected benchmark data from LOGEX, a healthcare analytics company (Amsterdam, The Netherlands). Data of patients with a diagnosis POP from 50 hospitals (16 teaching and 34 non-teaching hospitals) were collected for the years 2011 and 2017. All treatments were categorized into three groups: conservative treatment, uterus-preserving or uterus-removing surgery. Using meta-analysis, we evaluated whether the proportions of conducted treatments changed over time and estimated the between-center variation (Cochran’s Q), reflecting the PPV in 2011 and 2017. This variation was analyzed using F-tests.

Results
Compared to 2011, referral for POP in 2017 decreased by 16.2% (−4505 patients), and the percentage of hysterectomies decreased by 33.6% (p < 0.0001). The PPV of POP surgery decreased significantly by 47.2% (p = 0.0137) and of hysterectomies by 41.5% (p = 0.0316).

Conclusions
We found a decline in PPV for POP surgery between 2011 and 2017. Furthermore, the number of surgical interventions decreased, which was mostly due to a decline of hysterectomies. This indicates a shift toward more conservative therapy and uterus preservation. A further reduction of PPV would be beneficial for the quality of health care.
The effect of levamisole on kidney function in children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Hoogenboom Lieke A. , Webb Hazel , Tullus Kjell , Waters Aoife 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Levamisole is frequently used as a steroid-sparing agent in children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. Side effects, such as neutropenia, gastro-intestinal upset and skin rash, have been reported. We noted an increase in creatinine in some of our patients, but literature on the effect of levamisole on kidney function is lacking.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted, including patients 1–18 years of age, treated for steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome with levamisole at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children between January 2010 and January 2020. Data was collected on clinical observations and serum creatinine values before, during and after treatment. eGFR was calculated using the Schwartz equation.

Results
In total, 75 children were included in the analysis. The median duration of treatment was 19 (IQR 12–27) months. The median estimated GFR was 134 (IQR 119–160), 101 (IQR 91–113) and 116 (IQR 106–153) ml/min/1.73 m2, respectively, before, during and after treatment with levamisole. The difference between eGFR before and after treatment compared with during treatment was statically significant (P < 0.0001). During the treatment period, the eGFR decrease was not progressive. The median levamisole dose was 2.5 (IQR 2.3–2.6) mg/kg on alternate days, and the dose was not correlated with the decrease in eGFR (r = 0.07, 95% CI − 0.22 to 0.35).

Conclusion
Levamisole significantly decreases eGFR. However, this decrease is not progressive or irreversible and would not be an indication to discontinue the treatment.
Hydrogen Embrittlement of Steels in High Pressure H2 Gas and Acidified H2S-saturated Aqueous Brine Solution
Authors: Trautmann Anton , Mori Gregor , Loder Bernd 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMicrobiological methanation is planned in an underground natural gas reservoir. For this purpose, hydrogen is stored, which can lead to hydrogen embrittlement of steels. To simulate these field conditions, autoclave tests were performed to clarify the amount of absorbed hydrogen and to test whether this content leads to failure of the steels. Constant load tests and immersion tests with subsequent hydrogen analyses were performed. Tests under constant load have shown that no cracks occur due to hydrogen pressures up to 100 bar and temperatures at 25 °C and 80 °C. In these conditions, the carbon steels absorb a maximum of 0.54 ppm hydrogen, which is well below the embrittlement limit. Austenitic stainless steels absorb much more hydrogen, but these steels also have a higher resistance to hydrogen embrittlement. In H2S saturated solutions, the hydrogen uptake is ten times higher compared to hydrogen gas, which has caused fractures of several steels (high strength carbon steels, Super 13Cr, and Duplex stainless steel 2205).
Electrochemical sensor based on Ni-exchanged natural zeolite/carbon black hybrid nanocomposite for determination of vitamin B6
Authors: Porada Radosław , Fendrych Katarzyna , Baś Bogusław 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe utilization of environmentally friendly nanoporous natural zeolite exchanged with Ni2+ions (NiZ) and conductive carbon black (CB) in the fabrication of a novel and selective voltammetric sensor of vitamin B6(VB6) is presented. The used clinoptilolite-rich zeolite material and CB were characterized in terms of morphology and textural properties. The superior properties of Ni-zeolite/carbon black modified glassy carbon electrode (NiZCB-GCE), arising from the synergistic effect of combining the unique features of zeolite and conductive carbon black, were confirmed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. In the determination of VB6with the use of differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), the optimization of the pH value of supporting electrolyte and instrumental parameters, as well as the interference study were performed. Under optimized conditions, the oxidation peak current at the potential +0.72 V vs. Ag | AgCl | 3 M KCl reference electrode was linear to the VB6 concentration in the range 0.050 to 1.0 mg L−1(0.30–5.9 μmol L−1) (R = 0.9993). The calculated limit of detection (LOD,S/N = 3), equal to 15 μg L−1(0.09 μmol L−1), was much better compared to chemically modified electrodes with other carbon-based materials. The RSD for 0.5 mg L−1was in the range 2.5–5.4% (n = 4). The developed NiZCB-GCE was successfully applied to the determination of VB6in commercially available multivitamin dietary supplements, food, and water samples. The obtained recoveries ranged from 95 to 106%.Graphical abstract
Integration of waste biomass thermal processing technology with a metallurgical furnace to improve its efficiency and economic benefit
Authors: Szwaja Stanisław , Zajemska Monika , Szwaja Magdalena , Maroszek Artur 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The article presents innovative technology which integrates a metallurgical pusher-type furnace with a waste heat recovery system that consisted of a reactor for torrefaction and pyrolysis of waste biomass. The technology is designed for utilizing both liquefied and gaseous by-products (torgas, pyrolysis gas and condensate denoted as TPC) obtained from torrefaction and pyrolysis of waste biomass. TPC is considered to be applied as an additional fuel for a metallurgical furnace as an example of effective energy management in metallurgical industry. In detail, the technology contains waste heat recovery unit installed on the furnace smoke stack as the heat source for the pyrolysis/torrefaction reactor. The analysis was carried out for a pusher furnace, fed optionally with either natural gas or coke gas. Share of this gaseous/liquid TPC fuel from waste in the total fuel mixture fed to the furnace was varied from 5 to 15% by volume. Practical usefulness of TPC fuel was tested on a specially constructed test stand. Financial analysis in energy consumption and economy of using the obtained TPC fuel for co-combustion with coke gas in the metallurgical pusher furnace was carried out on the basis of data from a steel sheet roller combined with the pusher furnace located in one of large steel works. It was shown that the use of this TPC fuel derived from thermal treatment of waste biomass and other organic substances can be considered an effective method of reducing production costs in the analyzed steel company and can lead to increase in the attractiveness of their products and thus strengthen their competitiveness on the global market.

Graphic abstract
Digging into the lesser-known aspects of CRISPR biology
Authors: Guzmán Noemí M. , Esquerra-Ruvira Belén , Mojica Francisco J. M. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A long time has passed since regularly interspaced DNA repeats were discovered in prokaryotes. Today, those enigmatic repetitive elements termed clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) are acknowledged as an emblematic part of multicomponent CRISPR-Cas (CRISPR associated) systems. These systems are involved in a variety of roles in bacteria and archaea, notably, that of conferring protection against transmissible genetic elements through an adaptive immune-like response. This review summarises the present knowledge on the diversity, molecular mechanisms and biology of CRISPR-Cas. We pay special attention to the most recent findings related to the determinants and consequences of CRISPR-Cas activity. Research on the basic features of these systems illustrates how instrumental the study of prokaryotes is for understanding biology in general, ultimately providing valuable tools for diverse fields and fuelling research beyond the mainstream.
Impact of clinical-pathological factors on locoregional recurrence in mastectomy patients with T1-2N1 breast cancer: who can omit adjuvant radiotherapy?
Authors: Wang Xiaofang , Zhang Li , Zhang Xiaomeng , Luo Jurui , Wang Xuanyi , Chen Xingxing , Yang Zhaozhi , Mei Xin , Yu Xiaoli , Zhang Zhen , Guo Xiaomao , Shao Zhimin , Ma Jinli 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) in T1–T2 tumors with 1–3 positive axillary lymph nodes (ALNs) is controversial. This study was to identify prognostic factors of locoregional control (LRC) following mastectomy with or without PMRT for patients with T1-2N1 breast cancer and to discuss the selection of patients who might omit PMRT.

Materials and methods
Between January 2006 and December 2012, the data of 1474 postmastectomy patients staged pT1-2N1 were analyzed. PMRT was applied in 663 patients. LRC and disease-free survival (DFS) were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Cox regression model was applied in the univariate and multivariate analyses to recognize the recurrence risk factors.

Results
With the median follow-up duration of 93 months (range, 5–168 months), 78 patients (5.3%) failed to secure LRC and 220 patients (14.9%) experienced any recurrence. The 7.7-year LRC and DFS was 94.9% and 85.4% respectively in the entire cohort. PMRT significantly improved 7.7-year LRC from 93.4% to 96.6% (p = 0.005), but not the DFS (p = 0.335). Multivariate analysis revealed that PMRT was an independent prognostic factor of LRC (p < 0.001), meanwhile, age ≤ 40 years (p = 0.012), histological grade 3 (p = 0.004), 2–3 positive nodes (p < 0.001) and tumor size of 3–5 cm (p = 0.045) were significantly associated with decreased LRC. The 7.7-year LRC for patients with 0, 1, and 2–4 risk factors was 97.7% / 98.9% (p = 0.233), 95.3% / 98.0% (p = 0.092), and 80.3% / 94.8% (p < 0.001) in the non-PMRT and PMRT group, respectively.

Conclusions
In patients with T1-2N1 breast cancer, clinical-pathological factors including young age, histological grade 3, 2–3 positive nodes, and tumor size of 3–5 cm were identified to be predictors of a poorer LRC following mastectomy. Patients with 0–1 risk factor might consider the omission of PMRT.