bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lipidomic Signatures Align with Inflammatory Patterns and Outcomes in Critical Illness
Authors: Wu Junru , Cyr Anthony , Gruen Danielle , Lovelace Tyler , Benos Panayiotis , Chen Tianmeng , Guyette Francis , Yazer Mark , Daley Brian , Miller Richard , Harbrecht Brian , Claridge Jeffrey , Phelan Herb , Zuckerbraun Brian , Neal Matthew , Johansson Pär , Stensballe Jakob , Namas Rami , Vodovotz Yoram , Sperry Jason , Billiar Timothy , Group PAMPer Study 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Alterations in lipid metabolism have the potential to be markers as well as drivers of the pathobiology of acute critical illness. Here, we took advantage of the temporal precision offered by trauma as a common cause of critical illness to identify the dynamic patterns in the circulating lipidome in critically ill humans. The major findings include an early loss of all classes of circulating lipids followed by a delayed and selective lipogenesis in patients destined to remain critically ill. Early in the clinical course, Fresh Frozen Plasma administration led to improved survival in association with preserved lipid levels that related to favorable changes in coagulation and inflammation biomarkers. Late over-representation of phosphatidylethanolamines with critical illness led to the validation of a Lipid Reprogramming Score that was prognostic not only in trauma but also severe COVID-19 patients. Our lipidomic findings provide a new paradigm for the lipid response underlying critical illness.
A cholinergic medial septum input to medial habenula mediates generalization formation and extinction of visual aversion
Authors: Mu Rong-Hao , Han Xiao-Meng , Wang Hao , Tang Su-Su , Long Yan , Yuan Dan-Hua , Hong Hao 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Generalization formation and extinction of aversion are associated with affective disorders, but little is known about underlying mechanisms. Here, we established a novel procedure for induction of visual aversion by dynamic stripe images on digital screens in mice. We found that decreased activity of medial septum (MS) cholinergic neurons led to generalization aversion loss, but didn’t affect its extinction. We identified a new projection from MS cholinergic neurons to medial habenula (MHb), and found that inhibiting MS→MHb cholinergic circuit disrupts generalization formation, while activating this circuit damages extinction. The further studies showed that blockade of M1 mAChRs rather than α4β2 and α7 nAChRs on downstream glutamatergic neurons that corelease glutamate and acetylcholine blunted generalization enhancement and extinction deficit caused by activation of MS→MHb circuits. These findings reveal that MS→MHb cholinergic circuit modulates generalization formation and extinction of aversion, providing new insights on affective disorders such as PTSD and anxiety disorders.
Novel transgenic mice with Cre-dependent co-expression of GFP and human ACE2: a safe tool for study of COVID-19 pathogenesis
Authors: Bruter Alexandra , Korshunova Diana , Kubekina Marina , Sergiev Petr , Kalinina Anastasiia , Ilchuk Leonid , Silaeva Yuliya , Korshunov Eugeniy , Soldatov Vladislav , Deykin Alexey 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemia still belongs to the most serious problems of public health. A growing body of data shows that infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a very complex and multifaceted disease requiring its detailed study to fight with. Nevertheless, there is a row of stumbling blocks in the way of experimental research of COVID-19 determined by the deficiency of appropriate animal models. Herein, we report novel humanized mice with Cre-dependent expression of hACE2, the main entry receptor of SARS-CoV-2. These mice carry hACE2 and GFP transgenes floxed by the STOP-cassette, allowing them to be used as breeders for the creation of animals with the tissue-specific co-expression of hACE2 and GFP. Moreover, inducible expression of hACE2 makes this line biosafe, whereas co-expression with GFP simplifies the detection of transgene-expressing cells. In our study, we tested our line by crossing with Ubi-Cre mice, characterized by tamoxifen-dependent ubiquitous activation of Cre-recombinase. After tamoxifen administration, copy number of the STOP-cassette was decreased and the offspring expressed hACE2 and GFP, confirming the efficiency of our system. We believe that our model can be a useful tool for studying COVID-19 pathogenesis because the selective expression of hACE2 can shed light on the role of different tissues in SARS-CoV-2 associated complications. Obviously, it can also be used for preclinical trials of antiviral drugs and new vaccines.
Exploring Young Adulthood Psychopathology Networks Related to Depression Using Partial Correlation Network and Bayesian Network
Authors: Kim Min Seob , Jeong Bumseok 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
To characterize young adulthood depression is complicated because it is entangled with a broad spectrum of symptoms as well as traumatic experiences during development. However, previous symptom network studies have focused on undirected transdiagnostic association among depression and anxiety symptoms. Our study investigated both undirected and directed connections among variables potentially associated with depression, such as anxiety, addiction, subjective distress caused by traumatic events, perceived emotional adversities, and support systems. Both the regularized partial correlation network analysis and Bayesian network analysis were applied to 579 subjects screened for depression. Anxiety-related symptoms played a role as a hub node in the partial correlation network and Bayesian network. The vulnerability analysis of the partial correlation network showed that verbal abuse, social anxiety, concentration problems, and suicidal ideation had the strongest influence on changes in the network’s topology. In the Bayesian network analysis, loss of interest, depressed mood, and parental verbal abuse were located as parent nodes in the directed acyclic graph. In the aspect of disease networks, more attention should be paid to certain variables encompassing various domains as well as depressive symptoms in young adults’ mental health management.
Body Mass Index role in Lumbar Sacrum Spine Anterio-Posterior and Lateral Radiography by adjusting the radiation exposure factor mAs &amp; kVp to avoid unnecessary radiation dose in patient- An Observational Study
Authors: Yadav Kripanand , Boora Navreet , Virmani Nitish , Sharma BB 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background

- To evaluate the role of BMI values before each L. S. spine radiograph and to choose the optimum radiation exposure factors without compromised the radiographic image quality. The data of BMI values of each patient’s and radiation exposure values like mAs & kVp were collected. This study was based on the observation analysis of BMI values with radiation exposure parameters like mAs & kVp. Forty patients were added to this study. Out of which, 26 were female and 14 male patients were added.
Result

- In the result, the exposure factors were used in the first two categories i.e. normal BMI and overweight BMI were found optimum with good anatomical details and good quality radiographs. But in the rest three BMI categories i.e Pre-Obese, Pre-obese 1, and Obese, the radiation exposure factors were not found appropriate in different BMI values/categories.
Conclusion

- The study concludes that blind selection of radiation exposure factors (mAs & kVp) for each X-Ray procedure, is unprofessional behavior of radiographer. Appropriate radiation exposure chart, the amount of radiation dose can be reduced by 20–30% without compromising the radiographic image quality.
Nanometric Turing Patterns: Morphogenesis of a Bismuth Monolayer
Authors: Fuseya Yuki , Katsuno Hiroyasu , Behnia Kamran , Kapitulnik A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Turing's reaction-diffusion theory of morphogenesis has been very successful in understanding macroscopic patterns within complex objects ranging from biological systems to sand dunes. However, this mechanism was never tested against patterns that emerge at the atomic scale, where the basic ingredients are subject to constraints imposed by quantum mechanics. Here we report evidence of a Turing pattern that appears in a strained atomic bismuth monolayer assembling on the surface of NbSe2 subject to interatomic interactions and respective kinetics. The narrow range of microscopic parameters reflected in numerical analysis that observe stripe patterns and domain walls with Y-shaped junctions is a direct consequence of the quantum-mechanically allowed bond-lengths and bond-angles. This is therefore the first demonstration of a dynamically formed Turing pattern at the atomic scale.
The Effectiveness of Non Pharmaceutical Interventions in Reducing the Outcomes of the COVID-19 Epidemic in the UK, an Observational and Modelling Study.
Authors: Galanis Giorgos , Guilmi Corrado Di , Bennett David , Baskozos Georgios 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: the context and purpose of the studyEpidemiological models used to inform government policies aimed to contain the contagion of COVID-19, assume that the reproduction rate is reduced through Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) leading to physical distancing. Available data in the UK show an increase in physical distancing before the NPIs were implemented and a fall soon after implementation. We aimed to estimate the effect of people’s behaviour on the epidemic curve and the effect of NPIs taking into account this behavioural component. Methods: how the study was performed and statistical tests usedWe have estimated the effects of confirmed daily cases on physical distancing and we used this insight to design a bevavioural SEIR model (BeSEIR), simulated different scenaria regarding NPIs and compared the results to the standard SEIR. Results: the main findingsTaking into account behavioural insights improves the description of the contagion dynamics of the epidemic significantly. The BeSEIR predictions regarding the number of infections without NPIs were several orders of magnitude less than the SEIR. However, the BeSEIR prediction showed that early measures would still have an important influence in the reduction of infections. The BeSEIR model shows that even with no intervention the percentage of the cumulative infections within a year will not be enough for the epidemic to resolve due to a herd immunity effect. On the other hand, a standard SEIR model significantly overestimates the effectiveness of measures. Conclusions:Without taking into account the behavioural component, the epidemic is predicted to be resolved much sooner than when taking it into account and the effectiveness of measures are significantly overestimated.
Uncovering hydrogen anion triggered thermal runaway mechanism of a high-energy LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2/graphite pouch cell
Authors: Huang Lang , Xu Gaojie , Du Xiaofan , Li Jiedong , Xie Bin , Lu Di , Liu Haisheng , Zhao Min , Han Pengxian , Dong Shanmu , Cui Guanglei , Chen Liquan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The continuous energy density increase of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) inevitably accompanies with the rising of safety concerns. Here, the thermal characteristics of a high-energy 5 Ah LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2/graphite pouch cell using a thermally stable dual-salt electrolyte were analyzed. Heat determination during cycling at two boundary scenarios of adiabatic and isothermal environment clearly states the necessity of designing an efficient and smart battery thermal management system. More importantly, it is innovatively proposed that the hydrogen anion (H−) induced H2 releasing at anode side and H2 migration to cathode side is the rooted thermal runaway trigger of the pouch cell, while the phase transformation of lithiated graphite anode and the O2-releasing by delithiated cathode are just accelerating factors for thermal runaway. These findings will shed promising lights on thermal runaway route map depiction and thermal runaway prevention, as well as formulation of electrolyte for high energy safer LIBs.
Whole Consultation Simulation in Undergraduate Surgical Education: a Breast Clinic Case Study
Authors: Lee Alice , Abdulhussein Dalia , Fallaha Mohammad , Buckeldee Olivia , Morrice Rory , Leedham-Green Kathleen 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Safe and effective clinical outcomes (SECO) clinics enable medical students to integrate clinical knowledge and skills within simulated environments. This realistic format may better prepare students for clinical practice. We aimed to evaluate how simulated surgical clinics based on the SECO framework aligned with students’ educational priorities in comparison with didactic tutorials.Methods: We delivered two breast surgery SECO-based simulated clinics to Year 3 students during their surgical attachments at a London teaching hospital. All students attended a didactic breast surgery tutorial the previous week. Pre- and post-session surveys and post-session debriefs were used to explore learning gain, processes, preferences and impacts on motivation to learn. Data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis to categorise student views into themes.Results: 17 students enrolled in the simulated clinics and debriefs. Students expressed that passing examinations was a key extrinsic motivating factor, although the SECO-based format appeared to shift their motivation for learning towards aspiring to be clinically competent. Self-reported confidence in clinical skills such as history taking and examination improved significantly. Active learning methods were valued. Students expressed a preference for simulated clinics to complement, but not replace, tutorial-based learning.Conclusion: The SECO-based simulated clinic promoted a shift towards intrinsic motivation for learning by allowing students to recognise the importance of preparing for clinical practice in addition to passing examinations. Integration of surgical simulated clinics into the undergraduate curriculum could facilitate acquisition of clinical skills through active learning, a method highly valued by students.
The subduction influence on ocean ridge basalts and its significance
Authors: Yang Alexandra Yang , Langmuir Charles , Cai Yue , Goldstein Steven , Michael Peter , Chen Zhongxing 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The plate tectonic cycle produces chemically distinct mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB) and arc volcanics, with the latter enriched in fluid-mobile elements and depleted in Nb owing to fluxes from the subducted slab. Basalts from back-arc basins (BABB), with intermediate compositions, show that the subduction flux can escape the arc. Hence it is puzzling why arc signatures have rarely been recognized in MORB. Here we report the first MORB samples with distinct arc signatures, akin to BABB, from the Arctic Gakkel Ridge. A new high precision dataset for 576 Gakkel samples suggests a pervasive subduction influence. This influence can also be identified in Atlantic and Indian MORB with a “BABB filter”, but is nearly absent in Pacific MORB. This global distribution reflects the control of a “subduction shield” that has surrounded the Pacific Ocean for 180Myr. Statistics suggest that a flux equivalent to ~ 13% of output at arcs is incorporated into the convecting upper mantle.
Exploring the adaptive mechanism of Camellia limonia in karst high calcium environment via an integrative analysis of metabolomics and metagenomics
Authors: Liu Chunni , Huang Yang , Wu Feng , Liu Wenjing , Ning Yiqiu , Huang Zhenrong , Liang Yu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Yellow Camellia is a kind of rare plant with high economic and medicinal value. It is known as the "giant panda" of the botanical world. Camellia group of plants (Camellia Sect. Chrysantha Chang) is the only golden flower of Theaceae. Compared with Camellia nitidissima, Camellia limonia grows in karst areas, where the soil has the characteristic of high calcium content. However, there are few studies about the Camellia limonia in karst soil environment and the adaptation mechanism is no clear. Results: In this study, we found that under high calcium treatment, the chlorophyll content and leaf areas of Camellia limonia increased, while those of Camellia nitidissima decreased. The photosynthetic efficiency of Camellia limonia was more stable and higher than Camellia nitidissima. Compared with Camellia nitidissima, the conductance was larger and the degree of leaf shrinkage was smaller in Camellia limonia. The metabolomics analysis showed that the kaempferol-3-o-rutinoside, tyrosol, 6-o-methyldeacetylisoipecoside and (r)-mandelic acid are the main differently metabolic compounds . The results of karst high calcium soil metagenomics showed that microbacterium-testaceum, intrasporangium-calvum and rubrivivax-gelatinosus significantly changed. Through metabonomics and metagenomics integrative analysis, flavone and flavonol biosynthesis is suggested to be the main regulation pathway, which is regulated by apigenin, kaempferol, astragalin, isoquercitrin metabolites and TT7, UGT78D1, UGT78D2 genes. This metabolic pathway involves the synthesis of flavonoids. Flavonoids have the functions in drought and salt resistance, which play an important role in the adaptation of Camellia limonia in karst high calcium environment.Conclusion: This omics study identified key regulation metabolites and genes for Camellia and provided important basis for the adaptive mechanism of plants to adapt to the high-calcium environment and the protection of Camellia species.
Relationship between painless delivery and postpartum depression: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS)
Authors: Suzumori Nobuhiro , Ebara Takeshi , Tamada Hazuki , Matsuki Taro , Sato Hirotaka , Kato Sayaka , Saitoh Shinji , Kamijima Michihiro , Sugiura-Ogasawara Mayumi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Postpartum depression is one of the most commonly experienced psychological disorders for women after childbirth, usually occurring within one year. This study aimed to clarify whether women with painless delivery, including epidural analgesia, spinal-epidural analgesia, and paracervical block, had a decreased risk of postpartum depression after giving birth in Japan.
Methods
The Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS) was a prospective cohort study that enrolled registered fetal records (n = 104,065) in 15 regions nationwide in Japan. Binomial logistic regression analyses were performed to calculate the adjusted odd ratios (aORs) for the association between mode of delivery with or without analgesia and postpartum depression at one-, six- and twelve-months after childbirth.
Results
At six months after childbirth, painless vaginal delivery was associated with a higher risk of postpartum depression (aOR: 1.218, 95% confidence interval: 1.067–1.391), compared with vaginal delivery without analgesia or cesarean section. Nevertheless, the risk disappeared one year after delivery. Among the pregnant women who requested painless delivery, 5.1% had a positive Kessler-6 scale (K6) score for depression before the first trimester (p < 0.0001), which was significantly higher than the proportions in the vaginal delivery without analgesia (3.5%) and cesarean delivery (3.5%) groups.
Conclusions
Our data suggested that the risk of postpartum depression at six months after childbirth tended to be increased after painless vaginal delivery, compared with vaginal delivery without analgesia or cesarean section. Requests for painless delivery continue to be relatively uncommon in Japan, and women who make such requests might be more likely to experience postpartum depressive symptoms because of underlying personality characteristics, including a tendency to worry.
Value of Radiotherapy After Minimally Invasive Surgery in Patients With Stage&nbsp;IA1-IIA1 cervical cancer
Authors: Liu Wen-qi , Gan Yi-xiu , Du Qing-hua , Li Jian , Wei Ye-ping , Jiang Xu-wei , Xu Xue-mei , Yue Hai-ying , Li Xiang-de , Zhu Hui-jun , Ou Xue , Zhong Qiu-lu , Luo Dan-jing , Liang Qian-fu , Xie Yi-ting , Zhang Qiang-qiang , Li Ge-li , Shang Yuan-ting 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
To estimate whether adjuvant radiotherapy is necessary for patients with stage IA1-IIA1 cervical cancer after laparoscopic hysterectomy, 221 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Sixty-two of them were treated with laparoscopic hysterectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy (group A), 115 underwent open surgery (group B) and 44 received laparoscopic hysterectomy alone (group C). Results showed that the 3-year local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) rates of group A, B and C were 98.4%, 97.4% and 86.4%, respectively. The LRFS rates of group A and B surpassed C (A vs. B, p = 0.634; A vs. C, p = 0.011; B vs. C, p = 0.006). The inter-group differences of 3-year overall survival (OS) and distant metastasis free survival (DMFS) were not statistically significant. In subgroup analysis of stage IB disease, the 3-year LRFS rates of group A, B and C were 100%, 98.8 % and 83.1%, the 3-year OS rates of group A, B and C were 100%, 98.9% and 91.5%, respectively. The 3-year LRFS and OS rates of group A and B were significantly superior to group C (p < 0.05). Our findings suggest that adjuvant radiotherapy can reduce the risk of recurrence for women with early-stage cervical cancer after laparoscopic hysterectomy and bring survival benefits for patients with stage IB disease.
First report demonstrating the safety and immunogenicity of the SARS-COV-2 BNT162b1 mRNA vaccine in younger and older Chinese adults: a randomized, placebo-controlled, observer-blind Phase I study
Authors: Zhu Fengcai , Li Jingxin , Hui Aimin , Zhang Xiang , Yang Yumei , Tang Rong , Ye Huayue , Ji Ruiru , Lin Mei , Zhu Zhongkui , Türeci Özlem , Jia Siyue , Pan Hongxing , Peng Fuzhong , Ma Zhilong , Wu Zhenggang , Shi Yunfeng , Bexon Martin , Sahin Ugur , Zhu Li 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
An effective vaccine is needed to end the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. Data from the U.S. NCT04368728 and German EudraCT 2020-001038-36 vaccine trials was recently reported, showing the safety, tolerability, and antibody response of the BNT162b1 vaccine candidate. BNT162b1 encodes the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein receptor-binding domain and is one of several RNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates under study. Here, we report preliminary results from a Phase I trial testing BNT162b1 in 144 healthy Chinese participants.
The safety profile was broadly comparable to that seen in the American and German trials, with fever the only Grade 3 adverse event reported. Prime-boost vaccination with 10 µg or 30 µg BNT162b1 induced robust antibody responses in both younger (18 to 55 years of age) and older (65 to 85) Chinese adults, and interferon-γ T-cell responses to RBD antigen challenge were significantly higher in participants receiving BNT162b1 than those in placebo groups.
The 30 µg dose induced increased reactogenicity as well as a more favorable vaccine-elicited virus-neutralizing response than the 10 µg dose in both younger and older Chinese adults. In conclusion, this first report of an mRNA vaccine in an Asian population showed similar results to BNT162b1 trials.

This trial was funded by Fosun and BioNTech and registered under ChiCTR2000034825 and NCT04523571.