bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimum information management and price‐abundance relationships in a fishery
Authors: Marvasti Akbar , Dakhlia Sami 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe explore the information content of dockside prices and fishing costs in the estimation of stock abundance. Our approach is two‐pronged: we first examine whether the implied biomass, that is, the biomass that is consistent with a simple microeconomic model calibrated with observed prices and costs, offers an approximation of actual stock assessments—both agree over the first 20 years of observation, but diverge over the last five. In a second approach, we use annual data in Vector Autoregressive (VAR), Bayesian VAR (B‐VAR), and Vector Error Correction (VEC) frameworks and add monthly data in a mixed‐frequency data analysis including Mixed‐Frequency Bayesian VAR (MF‐BVAR) and Mixed‐Data Sampling (MIDAS) frameworks for log‐differenced time series. Parameter uncertainties are addressed through Bayesian regression and forecasting methods. We find a statistically significant correlation between biometric estimates and changes in a price‐based indicator that is robust to the inclusion of confounding factors. We conclude that the combination of price data and per‐trip landings, when interpreted with care, can serve as a complementary, but comparatively affordable and timely, source of information for stock assessments.
Functional diversity loss and change in nocturnal behavior of mammals under anthropogenic disturbance
Authors: Li Xueyou , Hu Wenqiang , Bleisch William V. , Li Quan , Wang Hongjiao , Lu Wen , Sun Jun , Zhang Fuyou , Ti Bu , Jiang Xuelong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn the Anthropocene, understanding the impacts of anthropogenic influence on biodiversity and behavior of vulnerable wildlife communities is increasingly relevant to effective conservation. However, comparative studies aimed at disentangling the concurrent effect of different types of human disturbance on multifaceted biodiversity and on activity patterns of mammals are surprisingly rare. We applied a multiregion community model to separately estimate the effects of cumulative human modification (e.g., settlement, agriculture, and transportation) and human presence (aggregated presence of dogs, people, and livestock) on species richness and functional composition of medium‐ and large‐bodied mammals based on camera trap data collected across 45 subtropical montane forests. We divided the detected mammal species into three trophic guilds–carnivores, herbivores, and omnivores–and assessed the nocturnal shifts of each guild in response to anthropogenic activities. Overall, species richness tended to increase (β coefficient = 0.954) as human modification increased but richness decreased as human presence increased (β = –1.054). Human modification was associated with significantly lower functional diversity (mean nearest taxon distance [MNTD], β = –0.134; standardized effect sizes of MNTD, β = –0.397), community average body mass (β = –0.240), and proportion of carnivores (β = –0.580). Human presence was associated with a strongly reduced proportion of herbivores (β = –0.522), whereas proportion of omnivores significantly increased as human presence (β = 0.378) and habitat modification (β = 0.419) increased. In terms of activity patterns, omnivores (β = 12.103) and carnivores (β = 9.368) became more nocturnal in response to human modification. Our results suggest that human modification and human presence have differing effects on mammals and demonstrate that anthropogenic disturbances can lead to drastic loss of functional diversity and result in a shift to nocturnal behavior of mammals. Conservation planning should consider concurrent effects of different types of human disturbance on species richness, functional diversity, and behavior of wildlife communities.
Histopathologic findings on indication renal allograft biopsies after recovery from acute COVID‐19
Authors: Basic‐Jukic Nikolina , Coric Marijana , Bulimbasic Stela , Dika Zivka , Juric Ivana , Furic‐Cunko Vesna , Katalinic Lea , Kos Jelena , Fistrek Margareta , Kastelan Zeljko , Jelakovic Bojan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCurrent knowledge on histopathological changes occurring after COVID‐19 in transplanted kidneys is limited. Herein, we present renal allograft pathology findings in patients recovered from COVID‐19.Six patients underwent indication biopsy, and one required allograft nephrectomy after acute COVID‐19. Demographic data, clinical characteristics, and laboratory findings were recorded. The histopathological analysis included light microscopy, immunostaining, and electron microscopy.Five patients were hospitalized for acute COVID‐19, and all were diagnosed with imaging‐confirmed pneumonia, one requiring mechanical ventilation, and two requiring dialysis. Two patients had mild form. Histopathologic examination of renal allograft specimens revealed collapsing, perihilar, tip‐lesion and secondary FSGS in one patient each. One patient had borderline acute cellular rejection, and two had chronic antibody‐mediated rejection. Histopathologic changes of glomerular tufts were accompanied by acute tubular injury in four patients. None of our patients had signs of viral inclusions in kidney cells.One patient died and one remained dialysis‐dependent after the good initial response to treatment. Patients with collapsing and perihilar FSGS had further progression of their chronic allograft nephropathy still without need for dialysis.In conclusion, diverse kidney pathology may be found in SARS‐CoV‐2–infected renal transplant patients. It seems that viral infection may affect the immune system with triggering of glomerular diseases, while the acute tubular injury is of multifactorial etiology. Direct viral effect is less likely.
An anti‐hair loss treatment in the management of mild androgenetic alopecia: Results from a large, international observational study
Authors: Reygagne Pascal , Mandel Victor Desmond , Delva Catherine , Havlíčková Michaela , Padlewska Kamila , Khalil Rose , Meuleman Veronique , Miranda Gilberto Adame , Nevskaya Mariya , Michelet Jean‐Francois , Pouradier Florence , Vano‐Galvan Sergio , Kerob Delphine 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAndrogenic alopecia (AGA) is a common and chronic condition. It may impact self‐esteem, self‐image and quality of life. Benefit, tolerability, cosmetic acceptance and patient satisfaction are key to ensure good treatment outcome. Hair loss improvement and hair quality with AC5 (2,4‐Diamino‐Pyrimidine‐N‐Oxyde, arginine, 6‐O glucose linoleate (SP94), piroctone olamine and Vichy mineralizing water) once daily was assessed in 527 subjects with mild AGA in an open‐label, observational, international real‐life study. After 3 months, investigators evaluated the impact of AC5 on hair loss, product satisfaction and asked subjects about local tolerance; subjects assessed hair growth and quality and satisfaction. Data from 357 subjects were evaluable for the benefit analysis; 59.9% of subjects were female; the mean age was 33.6±8.7 years. Duration of hair loss was 1.62±2.24 years. 71.3% of women had a Ludwig score of 1 and 40.8% of men had a Hamilton Norwood score of 2. At the end of study, hair loss was reduced in 89.0% of subjects; it was slightly higher in women (92.5%) than in men (83.8%). Subject satisfaction on a scale from 0 (not satisfied at all) to 10 (completely satisfied) was 7.9±1.7. Tolerance was rated good to very good by 98.6% of all subjects. In conclusion, AC5 reduces mild AGA in both men and women with a pleasant texture. AC5 was well tolerated and highly appreciated.
SMASH‐U aetiological classification: A predictor of long‐term functional outcome after intracerebral haemorrhage
Authors: Jia Yuchao , Li Guo , Song Guini , Ye Xiaodong , Yang Yuyan , Lu Kai , Huang Shanshan , Zhu Suiqiang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundSMASH‐U is a systematic aetiological classification system for intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) proven to be a predictor of post‐ICH haematoma expansion and mortality. However, its role in predicting functional outcome remains elusive. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether SMASH‐U is associated with long‐term functional outcome after ICH and improves the accuracy of prediction when added to max‐ICH score.MethodsConsecutive acute ICH patients from 2012 to 2018 from the neurology department of Tongji Hospital were enrolled. ICH aetiology was classified according to the SMASH‐U system. The association of SMASH‐U with 12‐month functional outcome after ICH and the predictive value were evaluated.ResultsOf 1938 ICH patients, the aetiology of 1295 (66.8%) patients were classified as hypertension, followed by amyloid angiopathy (n = 250, 12.9%), undetermined (n = 159, 8.2%), structural lesions (n = 149, 7.7%), systemic disease (n = 74, 3.8%) and medication (n = 11, 0.6%). The baseline characteristics were different among the six aetiologies. In multivariate analysis, SMASH‐U was proven to be a predictor of 12‐month unfavourable functional outcome. When adding the SMASH‐U system, the predictive performance of max‐ICH score was improved (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve from 0.802 to 0.812, p = 0.010) and the predictive accuracy was enhanced (integrated discrimination improvement [IDI]: 1.60%, p < 0.001; continuous net reclassification improvement [NRI]: 28.16%, p < 0.001; categorical NRI: 3.34%, p = 0.004).ConclusionsSMASH‐U predicted long‐term unfavourable functional outcomes after acute ICH and improved the accuracy of prediction when added to max‐ICH score. Integrating the aetiology to a score model to predict the post‐ICH outcome may be meaningful and worthy of further exploration.
Has European corporatism delivered? A survey with preliminary evidence
Authors: Rajgopal Shiva 
Published: September 2021

AbstractI ask whether European firms' investments in stakeholder welfare come at the cost of lower shareholder value. Focusing on the largest 50 public firms in four European countries, I find a valuation discount in the Tobin's Q of continental European firms relative to matched US firms. The valuation discount is correlated with presence of large block holders in European firms but not with the poorer disclosure record of US firms on the environmental (E) and social (S) dimensions. In sum, poorer governance (G) in continental Europe appears to destroy more shareholder value than better E and S disclosure can add.
FISHMORPH: A global database on morphological traits of freshwater fishes
Authors: Brosse Sébastien , Charpin Nicolas , Su Guohuan , Toussaint Aurèle , Herrera‐R Guido A. , Tedesco Pablo A. , Villéger Sébastien 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMotivationGlobal freshwater fish biodiversity and the responses of fishes to global changes have been explored intensively using taxonomic data, whereas functional aspects remain understudied owing to the lack of knowledge for most species. To fill this gap, we compiled morphological traits related to locomotion and feeding for the world freshwater fish fauna based on pictures and scientific drawings available from the literature.Main types of variables containedThe database includes 10 morphological traits measured on 8,342 freshwater fish species, covering 48.69% of the world freshwater fish fauna.Spatial location and grainGlobal.Major taxa and level of measurementThe database considers ray‐finned fishes (class Actinopterygii). Measurements were made at the species level.Software format.csv.Main conclusionThe FISHMORPH database provides the most comprehensive database on fish morphological traits to date. It represents an essential source of information for ecologists and environmental managers seeking to consider morphological patterns of fish faunas throughout the globe, and for those interested in current and future impacts of human activities on the morphological structure of fish assemblages. Given the high threat status of freshwater environments and the biodiversity they host, we believe this database will be of great interest for future studies on freshwater ecology research and conservation.
Sequential therapy including regorafenib for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: Effect of early relative changes in hepatic functional reserve after regorafenib administration on prognosis
Authors: Ochi Hironori , Tani Joji , Tomonari Tetsu , Taniguchi Tatsuya , Koizumi Yohei , Hirose Akira , Ogawa Chikara , Hiraoka Atsushi , Morishita Akihiro , Moriya Akio , Hirooka Masashi , Deguchi Akihiro , SYMPLE Study Group  
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimRegorafenib is a second‐line treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma after sorafenib‐refractory treatment. This study examined the effects of regorafenib administration on hepatic functional reserve and the treatment course after regorafenib discontinuation.MethodsThis retrospective, multicenter study involved 51 patients treated with regorafenib after sorafenib‐refractory treatment for u‐HCC at seven institutions before March 2021.ResultsFourteen, 13, and 24 patients were classified based on modified albumin–bilirubin (mALBI) grade 1, 2a, and 2b, respectively. The median survival time and progression‐free survival were 16.7 and 3.3 months, respectively. Only mALBI grade 2b or 3 was significantly associated with survival rate (hazard ratio, 2.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–4.49; p = 0.047). A comparison of median ALBI scores at the initiation of regorafenib (−2.35) with those at 4 weeks (−1.93) revealed a significant relative change (p = 0.0001). After 4 weeks, grade 1 or 2a persisted in 15 patients (Group 1); grade 1 or 2a deteriorated to 2b in 12 patients (Group 2); grade 2b or 3 before regorafenib administration was present in 22 patients (Group 3); and MST was 33.3, 12.8, and 11.3 months in the three groups, respectively (p = 0.05). Patients treated with lenvatinib (LEN) (n = 27, MST = 23.4 months) after regorafenib had a significantly longer survival time from regorafenib initiation than those not treated with LEN (n = 24, 11.8 months; p = 0.043).ConclusionsHepatic functional reserve significantly declined after regorafenib administration. During regorafenib treatment, favorable hepatic functional reserve before administration and maintenance of favorable hepatic reserve after administration lead to prolonged prognosis.
Effects and function mechanism of Fe‐containing additives on SiC synthesis with silicon cutting waste
Authors: Gao Shuaibo , Jiang Shengnan , Xing Pengfei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWith the rapid development of the photovoltaic industry, a great amount of silicon cutting waste (SCW) are being generated, which lead to a heavy environmental burden as well as a high cost of the photovoltaic industry. In this paper, the effects of Fe‐containing additives and their function mechanism on recycling SCW to synthesize high‐purity SiC were studied. The results show that Fe‐containing additives, including Fe, Fe2O3, and Fe(NO3)3, have obvious effect on recycling SCW to synthesize SiC. And Fe(NO3)3 additive achieves the best effect. Fe(NO3)3 can effectively destroy the SiO2 film wrapped on the Si particles, so that expose the inner Si to C at lower temperatures than that of the reaction between C and SiO2. Besides, Fe(NO3)3 additive can effectively reduce the activation energy both for Si and C reactions and SiO2 and C reactions, and contribute to the transport of the raw materials as well as the dissolution and precipitation of Si and C due to the formation of the FeSi melt at low temperatures. The optimal processing conditions are determined as Fe(NO3)3 addition of 1–3 wt.% and smelting temperature of 1200–1300℃.
In situ observation of evolution of internal structure of alumina during sintering by swept‐source OCT
Authors: Takahashi Takuma , Sakamoto Fumika , Tatami Junichi , Iijima Motoyuki 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn situ observation of sintering of ceramics is important to understand the sintering behavior, including the development of internal structures, and to fabricate ceramics with superior properties. However, there has been no studies thus far on high‐speed in situ observation of the internal structure of green and sintered bodies at high temperatures with micrometer‐scale resolution. Here, we applied swept‐source optical coherence tomography (OCT) to observe the evolution of the internal structure in Al2O3 green bodies during sintering. In situ OCT observations revealed that internal structure changes during sintering, such as the development of density distribution and growth of coarser pores. We could also obtain the sintering shrinkage ratio and relative density from the OCT images. The OCT observation of the internal structure during sintering of green bodies with added or stacked granules of different primary particle sizes confirmed that inhomogeneous regions developed as the densification progressed at high temperatures. These results indicate that in situ observation of the sintering behavior of ceramic green bodies using swept‐source OCT is a novel technique that facilitates real‐time observation of the evolution of the internal structure during sintering.
Hospital admissions and place of death of residents of care homes receiving specialist healthcare services: A systematic review without meta‐analysis
Authors: Buck Deborah , Tucker Sue , Roe Brenda , Hughes Jane , Challis David 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimTo synthesize evidence on the ability of specialist care home support services to prevent hospital admission of older care home residents, including at end of life.DesignSystematic review, without meta‐analysis, with vote counting based on direction of effect.Data sourcesFourteen electronic databases were searched from January 2010 to January 2019. Reference lists of identified reviews, study protocols and included documents were scrutinized for further studies.Review methodsPapers on the provision of specialist care home support that addressed older, long‐term care home residents’ physical health needs and provided comparative data on hospital admissions were included. Two reviewers undertook study selection and quality appraisal independently. Vote counting by direction of effect and binomial tests determined service effectiveness.ResultsElectronic searches identified 79 relevant references. Combined with 19 citations from an earlier review, this gave 98 individual references relating to 92 studies. Most were from the UK (22), USA (22) and Australia (19). Twenty studies were randomized controlled trials and six clinical controlled trials. The review suggested interventions addressing residents’ general health needs (p < .001), assessment and management services (p < .0001) and non‐training initiatives involving medical staff (p < .0001) can reduce hospital admissions, while there was also promising evidence for services targeting residents at imminent risk of hospital entry or post‐hospital discharge and training‐only initiatives. End‐of‐life care services may enable residents to remain in the home at end of life (p < .001), but the high number of weak‐rated studies undermined confidence in this result.ConclusionThis review suggests specialist care home support services can reduce hospital admissions. More robust studies of services for residents at end of life are urgently needed.ImpactThe review addressed the policy imperative to reduce the avoidable hospital admission of older care home residents and provides important evidence to inform service design. The findings are of relevance to commissioners, providers and residents.
The core qualities and competencies of the intensive and critical care nurse, a meta‐ethnography
Authors: Henriksen Kjersti Forbech , Hansen Britt Sætre , Wøien Hilde , Tønnessen Siri 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimTo develop a conceptual framework of the core qualities and competencies of the intensive and critical care nurse based on the experiences of intensive care patients, their relatives and the intensive and critical care nurses.DesignMeta‐ethnography.Data sourcesA comprehensive, systematic search in seven databases supplemented with hand, citation and reference search. Sources published from 2007 to 2019 were included.Review MethodsNoblit and Hare's understanding of meta‐ethnography and the work of the eMERGE project have directed the synthesis.ResultsNineteen studies were included and synthesized into a conceptual framework. Overarching theme: ‘feeling safe and being safe’, subtheme: ‘creating confidence and motivation’ and conceptual categories (CCs): ‘technical skills and biophysical knowledge’; ‘inter/intra professional teamwork skills’; ‘communication skills (with patients and their relatives)’; ‘constant and attentive bedside presence’; ‘creating participative care’; ‘creating confidence through daily care’; ‘creating a good atmosphere and having a supportive and encouraging attitude’; and ‘building relationship to maintain self‐esteem’.ConclusionBy including the perspectives of intensive care patients, their relatives and intensive and critical care nurses, the core qualities and competencies comprise elements of both patient safety and the feeling of safety. The framework outlines concepts necessary to ensure person‐centred and safe intensive care. Further research should involve each perspective to validate and strengthen the findings.ImpactThe development of standards and competence guidelines expressing the learning outcomes and qualification of intensive and critical care nurses should be based on input from intensive care patients, their relatives and intensive and critical care nurses. A variety of core qualities and competencies are necessary to create confidence and motivation, and to make the patient feel safe and be safe. This conceptual framework might form a basis for development of a program or assessment tool to facilitate excellence in education and practice in intensive care.
Triage assessment of transitory loss of consciousness in the emergency department—A retrospective observational study
Authors: Zaboli Arian , Ausserhofer Dietmar , Sibilio Serena , Paulmichl Rupert , Toccolini Elia , Pfeifer Norbert , Brigo Francesco , Turcato Gianni 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimTo establish how the Manchester Triage System can correctly prioritize patients admitted to the emergency department for transitory loss of consciousness in relation to their risk of presenting severe acute disease.DesignA observational retrospective study.MethodsA total of 2291 patients who required a triage evaluation for a transitory loss of consciousness at the emergency department of Merano Hospital between 1 January 2017 and 30 June 2019 were considered. Transitory loss of consciousness was classified according to European Society of Cardiology guidelines. The baseline characteristics of the patients were collected and divided according to the priority level assigned at triage into two different study groups: high priority (red/orange) and low priority (blue/green/yellow). The composite outcome of the study was defined as the diagnosis of a severe acute disease.ResultsOf the patients enrolled, 17% (390/2291) had a high‐priority code and 83% (1901/2291) received a low‐priority code. Overall, a severe acute disease was present in 16.9% of patients (387/2291). The Manchester Triage System had a sensitivity of 42.4%, a specificity of 88.1% and an accuracy of 80.4% for predicting severe acute disease. The discriminatory ability had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.651 (CI 95%: 0.618–0.685).ConclusionsDespite the good specificity, the low sensitivity does not currently allow the Manchester Triage System to completely exclude patients with a severe acute disease who presented in the emergency department for a transitory loss of consciousness. Therefore, it is important to develop precise nursing tools or assessments that can improve triage performance.ImpactThe assessment of a complex symptom can create difficulties in the stratification of patients in triage, assigning low‐priority codes to patients with a severe disease. Additional tools are needed to allow the correct triage assessment of patients presenting with transitory loss of consciousness.