bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accurate Gaunt Factors for Nonrelativistic Quadrupole Bremsstrahlung
Authors: Pradler Josef , Semmelrock Lukas 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The exact result for nonrelativistic quadrupole bremsstrahlung in a Coulomb field was established only recently in Pradler & Semmelrock. It requires the evaluation and integration of hypergeometric functions across a wide range of parameters and arguments, which, in practice, is unfeasible. Here we provide a highly accurate tabulation of the Gaunt factor for quadrupole radiation, its thermal average in a Maxwellian plasma, and the associated cooling function over the entire kinematically relevant range. In addition, we provide a simple approximate formula for the emission cross section that works to within a few percent accuracy for all practical purposes. The results can be applied to the scattering of electrons with themselves, for which quadrupole radiation is the dominant process.
Void Galaxy Distribution: A Challenge for ΛCDM
Authors: Tavasoli Saeed 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We extract void catalogs from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 16 (SDSS DR16) survey and also from the Millennium simulation. We focus our comparison on distribution of galaxies brighter than M

r
< −18 inside voids and study the mean separation of void galaxies, distance from the void center, and the radial density profile. We find that mean separation of void galaxies depends on void size, as bigger voids have lower mean separation in both samples. However, void galaxies in the observation sample seem to have generally larger mean–distance than simulated ones at any given void size. In addition, observed void galaxies tend to reside closer to the void center than those in the simulation. This discrepancy is also shown in the density profile of voids. Regardless of the void size, the central densities of real void profiles are higher than the ones in the predicted simulated catalog.
Quenching, Mergers, and Age Profiles for z = 2 Galaxies in IllustrisTNG
Authors: Pathak Debosmita , Belli Sirio , Weinberger Rainer 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Using the IllustrisTNG cosmological galaxy formation simulations, we analyze the physical properties of young quiescent galaxies at z = 2 with stellar masses above 1010.5
M
⊙. This key population provides an unaltered probe into the evolution of galaxies from star-forming to quiescent, and has been recently targeted by several observational studies. Young quiescent galaxies in the simulations do not appear unusually compact, in tension with observations, but they show unique age profiles that are qualitatively consistent with the observed color gradients. In particular, more than half of the simulated young quiescent galaxies show positive age gradients due to recent intense central starbursts, which are triggered by significant mergers. Yet, there is a sizable population of recently quenched galaxies without significant mergers and with flat age profiles. Our results suggest that mergers play a fundamental role in structural transformation, but are not the only available pathway to quench a z = 2 galaxy.
The Io GIS Database 1.0: A Proto-Io Planetary Spatial Data Infrastructure
Authors: Williams David A. , Nelson David M. , Milazzo Moses P. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We collected a set of published, higher-order data products of Jupiter's volcanic moon Io and assembled them in an ArcGIS
tm
database we are calling the Io GIS Database, version 1.0. The purpose of this database is to collect image, topographic, geologic, and thermal emission data of Io in one geospatially registered location to form the data component of an Io planetary spatial data infrastructure (PSDI). The goals of an Io PSDI are (1) to make higher-order data products more accessible and usable to the broader planetary science community, particularly to new scientists that were not associated with the projects that obtained the data; (2) to enable new scientific studies with the data; and (3) to create a tool to support observation planning for future Io-focused planetary missions. In this paper we describe the motivation behind our project, discuss the data sets acquired for this first version of the database, and demonstrate how they can be used. We conclude with a discussion of how our database relates to other PSDIs, our plans for future updates, and a request for additional Io data sets.
Les conférences publiques des facultés catholiques de Lyon : l’enseignement d’un droit chrétien, instrument d’une propagande de défense de l’Église
Authors: Biscay Myriam 
Published: August 2021

Dans un contexte de vive concurrence avec la faculté d’État, la faculté catholique de Lyon ambitionne, dès son installation en 1875, de présenter un établissement des plus attractifs. En ce sens s’inscrit, concomitamment à l’instauration d’autres facultés catholiques, la mise en place de différents types de conférences. Parmi celles-ci apparaissent rapidement (entre 1878 et 1880) les conférences du vendredi soir destinées non pas aux étudiants des facultés catholiques mais plus largement à des auditeurs libres. Ces conférences semblent s’inscrire dans le champ de l’éducation populaire et illustrent ainsi une modalité spécifique de l’éducation populaire au xix e siècle : défendre la foi et raviver les convictions chrétiennes. Les conférences dispensées entre 1880 et 1899 visent ainsi à promouvoir une vision chrétienne du droit et traduisent plus globalement l’attitude de l’Église cherchant à renforcer les effectifs des établissements d’enseignement libre.
Review of Medicine Utilization for Parkinson's Disease Management: The Bulgarian Perspective
Authors: Mitkova Zornitsa , Kamusheva Maria , Kalpachka Dobrinka , Ignatova Desislava , Tachkov Konstantin , Petrova Guenka 
Published: August 2021

Background Parkinson's disease (PD), which occurs in 1% of the population, is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. Despite the broad spectrum of PD manifestations and high disease prevalence, there are insufficient data on medicine utilization and prescription strategies. The purpose of the current study was to analyze published data concerning treatment approaches and to compare them with Bulgarian therapeutic practice. Design and methods We conducted a systematic review of the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, and we calculated medicine utilization in Bulgaria during 2018 and 2019 using the WHO methodology. Results The literature search identified a total of 311 publications, but only 12 met the inclusion criteria. Eleven studies pointed out that levodopa-containing medicine are the most frequently used, followed by dopamine agonists. The highest rate was found for levodopa-containing products and decarboxylase inhibitor (1.06 and 1.33 DDD/1000 inh/day), followed by anticholinergic Biperiden (0.494 and 0.455 DDD/1000 inh/day) during 2018 and 2019 in Bulgaria. Conclusion Overall, the treatment approaches used in the last decade comply with guideline recommendations, despite variations in levodopa and dopamine agonist utilization. Even though new medicines have been approved for PD management, levodopa- containing products are still most often prescribed and used worldwide.
A retrospective chart analysis of 34 cases with the use of oral cerebroprotein hydrolysate in dementia in a tertiary general hospital
Authors: Karia Sagar , Desousa Avinash , Shah Nilesh 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Cerebroprotein hydrolysate (cerebrolysin) is a nootropic and neurotrophic drug used widely in the management of various forms of dementia, stroke and head injury. A number of case series and anecdotal case reports on its efficacy exist. This study is a retrospective chart review of 34 patients with dementia treated at a tertiary general hospital psychiatry department that were given oral cerebroprotein as add on to their existing treatment for dementia.

Methodology:
34 patients were administered twice daily oral cerebroprotein 90 mg tablets for 90 consecutive days. The cognitive assessment was done before the first injection and after the last dose using the Adenbrook's Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACER) and the Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE).

Results:
Changes on cognitive assessment were minimal and no major improvements were seen though isolated areas of improvement were reported by many patients. The scores on the ACER and MMSE remained in the dementia range though improvement in scores were noted. None of the patients experienced any major side effects with the drug.

Conclusions:
Oral cerebroprotein is a useful agent in the management of dementia and must be tried as an add-on to regular dementia treatment. Larger studies in prospective cohorts with further stringent assessments warrant exploration.
Improving depression and well-being in older adults using selection, optimization, and compensation model
Authors: Samantaray Narendra Nath , Kar Nilamadhab 
Published: August 2021

Background:
There is a need to study age-sensitive psychological management for improving the clinical and overall health outcome for elderly adults. Hence, we intended to evaluate the effects of selection, optimization, and compensation (SOC) model, usually studied in nonmental health settings predominantly, in managing depression and well-being of the elderly in a clinical mental health setting in an Indian context.

Methods:
A pre–postintervention with a 2-month-follow-up approach was adopted. We delivered six sessions over 4–5 months. An independent rater assessed participants using the Beck Depression Inventory-II and World Health Organization's Well-Being Index (WHO-5) at baseline, postintervention, and a 2-month follow-up.

Results:
There was a clinically significant improvement in depression severity and well-being of participants at the postintervention and 2-month follow-up.

Conclusions:
SOC-based intervention has potential therapeutic effects in improving depression severity and well-being of elderly individuals in clinical settings. We recommend the current protocol to be studied in a randomized design study with a larger sample size and a longer follow-up period.
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in elderly patients with depression
Authors: Grover Sandeep , Chakravarty Rahul , Mehra Aseem , Chakrabarti Subho 
Published: August 2021

Aim:
To assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in elderly patients with depressive disorder.

Methodology:
By using retrospective study design, the treatment records of all the elderly patients (aged ≥60 years) diagnosed with depressive disorders diagnosed as per the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, were reviewed and data of patients for fasting blood glucose levels, lipid profile, and anthropometry (height, weight, waist circumference, and blood pressure [BP]) were extracted. The diagnosis of MetS was made as per the consensus criteria.

Results:
Data of 93 patients were included in the study. The mean age of the study participants was 65.65 (standard deviation [SD]: 5.61) years and the mean number of years of education was 8.33 (SD: 6.65) years. The mean duration of illness was 70.93 (SD: 107.39) months, with the mean duration of the current episode at the time of collection of data as 5.38 (SD: 3.54) months. More than half (57%) of the patients fulfilled the criteria for MetS. Besides more than half of the patients fulfilling the criteria for MetS, about one-tenth (9.7%) fulfilled one criterion, and one-third (32.3%) fulfilled 2 criteria for the MetS. The most common criteria of MetS which was fulfilled included abnormal waist circumference, followed by raised blood pressure, abnormal triglyceride levels, and abnormal high-density lipoprotein. Fasting blood glucose level was the least common abnormality. The presence of MetS was associated with a higher level of education, higher income, and presence of physical comorbidity.

Conclusions:
Considering that more than half of elderly patients with depressive illness also suffer from MetS, it is important to monitor elderly with depression for MetS, to reduce the risk of future cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Association of of noncommunicable diseases on cognitive functioning
Authors: Mehra Aseem , Rani Seema , Sahoo Swapnajeet , Nehra Ritu , Grover Sandeep 
Published: August 2021

Aim:
To compare the level of cognitive functioning among those with and without noncommunicable diseases (NCDs).

Methodology:
Using a cross-sectional study design, 104 patients attending the NCD clinic of a community rural health center and 101 elderly participants attending the hospital as caregivers of patients coming to the same community clinic with different ailments, were assessed on Hindi Mental State Examination (HMSE), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale.

Results:
Those with NCD performed poorly on all the domains of HMSE except orientation and registration. When the HMSE score of <25 was used to categorize the sample into those with and without cognitive impairment (CI), it was seen that the prevalence of CI was more among those with NCDs. The significant difference between the two groups persisted, even after controlling for age, gender, the income of the family, number of years of education, type of family, socioeconomic status, mean score of PHQ-9, and mean score of GAD-7.

Conclusion:
NCDs are negatively associated with cognitive functioning even after controlling for age, gender, the income of the family, number of years of education, type of family, socioeconomic status, mean score of PHQ-9, and mean score of GAD-7.
Are donor predonation variables related to the quality of single donor platelets? – A tertiary care center experience
Authors: Chatterjee Priti , Sehgal Shivali , Bhardwaj Swati , Bhushan Reema , Pathak Chintamani , Jain Manjula 
Published: August 2021

Introduction:
Platelets are the most common product collected by apheresis. The product obtained is called single donor platelets (SDPs). The quality of the SDP is determined by the platelet yield (that is platelet count of the SDP product), which in turn directly influences the patient recovery.

Materials and Methods:
In the present study, donor demographic and complete blood count parameters were studied and their influence on the yield of the SDP was analyzed. With such an analysis, a better quality product (with a good platelet yield) can be obtained consequently improving clinical outcome. This would allow prolonging intervals between transfusions.

Results:
Parameters such as height, weight, and body mass index did not statistically influence the platelet yield in this study, unlike the results obtained by past studies. The most consistent parameter found to influence the platelet yield was platelet count of the donor. Healthy donors with high platelet counts can yield better platelet yield in SDPs in a shorter time and therefore improve the clinical outcome in patients with thrombocytopenia.

Conclusion:
It is important to consider hematological characteristics of the donors on an individual basis so as to ensure a good quality of the plateletpheresis product.
A review of rare palatal fractures and their management
Authors: Kumar Umesh , Jain Pradeep 
Published: August 2021

Objective:
The objective of this study was to diagnose rare palatal fractures and to subcategories them to formulate a definitive treatment plan depending upon the fracture lines.

Materials and Methods:
All patients presenting in triage with palatal fractures were classified after computed tomography scan. Thirteen patients diagnosed with complex and transverse palatal fractures were included in the study. Complex fracture was further subdivided into five groups: (a) comminuted, (b) oblique, (c) S shaped, (d) C shaped, and (e) T shaped. The patients were divided into two groups. In Group A, six patients were managed without palatal vault plating, and in Group B, seven patients were managed with palatal vault plating along with anterior alveolar and anterior maxillary buttress plating.

Results:
Twelve patients presented with complex fracture and one patient presented with transverse fracture. The male-to-female ratio and age range of the study were 5.5:1 and 15–55 years, respectively. Le Fort I and II fracture was present in five patients, isolated Le Fort II fracture in four patients, Le Fort I was present in two, and Le Fort I, II and III fractures was present in two patients.

Conclusion:
Complex palatal fractures can be subcategorized which simplifies the management and documentation of the fracture. Palatal vault plating should be attempted in cases where there are two large fracture segments to achieve the better stability of fracture and reduce the duration of maxillomandibular fixation in postoperative period.
Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in West Coast Region of The Gambia
Authors: Isara Alphonsus , Baldeh Aru-Kumba 
Published: August 2021

Background: Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) are the second most common cause of healthy life years lost by women in the 15 – 44 years age group in Africa.
Aim/Objective: To determine the prevalence of STIs among pregnant women attending antenatal care (ANC) clinics in the West Coast Region of The Gambia.
Materials and Methods: Blood, urine, and high vaginal swabs samples from 280 pregnant women attending ANC in Brika- ma District Hospital, Brikama, and Bandung Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Bandung were examined. Serum samples were tested for HIV using western blot technique and for syphilis using the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test, and rapid plasma regimen. Candida albicans, Group B Streptococcus and Neisseria gonorrhoea were identified using Analytical Profile Index (API). Direct urine microscopy was used to identify C. albicans and Trichomonas vaginalis while Chlamydia trachomatis was identified using Direct Fluorescent Antibody (DFA) test.
Results: The overall prevalence of STIs was 53.6%. The pathogenic agents isolated were Candida albicans (31.8%), Strep- tococcus agalactiae (15.0%), Treponema pallidum (6.8%), HIV (5.7%), Trichomonas vaginalis (3.9%), Neisseria gonorrhoea (1.8%) and Chlamydia trachomatis (0.7%). STIs were more prevalent among women in the younger age group of 15 – 24 years (54.7%), unemployed (54.0%), Primipara (62.3%), and in the third trimester of pregnancy (72.7%).
Conclusion: A high prevalence of STIs was found among pregnant women attending ANC in the West Coast region of The Gambia. Public health intervention programmes should be strengthened to promote the sexual and reproductive health of pregnant women in The Gambia.
Keywords: Sexually transmitted infections; pregnant women; antenatal clinics; The Gambia.
The experiences of sex workers accessing HIV care services in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
Authors: Moyo Idah , Macherera Margaret 
Published: August 2021

Background: Although sub-Saharan African countries have rolled out massive HIV treatment and care programmes, there is little evidence of these having embraced key population groups particularly female sex workers. Due to the criminalisation of sex work in countries like Zimbabwe, research on HIV and its impact on this group is sparse. The absence of an enabling environment has hindered access to HIV care and treatment services for female sex workers.
Objectives: To gain an in-depth understanding of the experiences of female sex workers accessing HIV care and treatment services to enhance programming and planning for this key population group.
Methods: This study was qualitative and phenomenological. Data saturation determined the sample size of 20 participants. Data was collected using in-depth interviews that were audio recorded, transcribed, and subjected to thematic content anal- ysis.
Results: Our findings demonstrate varying dynamics between the private and public sector HIV care services for sex work- ers, with facilitators and barriers to access to care.
Conclusion: Health workers need sensitization and training in the provision of differentiated care. For effective linkage to and retention in care an enabling environment is critical.
Keywords: Linkage to care; retention in care; enabling environment; facilitators; barriers.
Evaluation of the postal service for referral of specimen of drug resistance tuberculosis in Amhara region, Ethiopia; mixed method
Authors: Berhe Gebregergs Gebremedhin , Alemneh Sinishaw Mulusew , Balew Shiferaw Melashu , Antife Tenagnework , Assefa Melkie , Fiseha Daniel , Klinkenberg Eveline 
Published: August 2021

Background: In Ethiopia, specimens of presumptive drug resistant tuberculosis cases are transported by courier system from district sample collection centers to reference laboratories. It is essential to track the effectiveness of the referral system and identify challenges in order to take timely and appropriate actions. We assessed turnaround time and quality of speci- mens, and explored challenges of the specimen referral system in Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2017.
Methods: With mixed methods, we retrospectively examined 385 randomly selected presumptive drug resistance TB speci- mens, and interviewed 53 purposively selected key informants from laboratories and post offices. We calculated median TAT and proportion of acceptable quality. We analyzed qualitative data thematically.
Results: Of the 385 specimens, 94.5% (364/385) had acceptable quality at arrival in the reference laboratories. All the 364 specimens had result. Three - fourth (76.1%) of results were dispatched to the referring health facilities within the recom- mended turnaround time. Ineffective communication and lack of feedback among institutions were mentioned as challenges.
Conclusion: The postal service was effective in keeping quality and majority of test results were timely delivered. Yet, there were operational challenges. Therefore, effective communication, using dedicated vehicle for specimen shipment and aware- ness creation on specimen collection and handling are recommended.
Keywords: Postal service; specimen referral; turnaround time; drug resistance tuberculosis.
Awareness and knowledge about prostate cancer among male teachers in the Sunyani Municipality, Ghana
Authors: Yeboah-Asiamah Asare Bernard , Mawufenya Ackumey Mercy 
Published: August 2021

Objective: The study was aimed at assessing the awareness and knowledge of prostate cancer (PC) among male teachers in the Sunyani municipality of Ghana.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted using a structured questionnaire to collect data from 160 male teach- ers aged 45 years or more, randomly selected from public elementary and high schools in the Sunyani Municipality. Pearson’s Chi square and Fishers exact tests were used to examine the association between socio-demographic characteristics and knowledge of PC.
Results: On average, respondents were aged 50±3.95 years. There was a universal awareness of PC. Most of the respond- ents could identify at least one signs and symptoms of PC (88.1%), risk factors of PC (78.8%), and indicated that PC could be treated through surgery (70.6 %), but only 37.5% of respondents knew about screening tests for PC. The study found 57.5% of them had adequate knowledge about PC. Socio-demographics characteristics were not associated with knowledge about PC. Main sources of information were the television (68%) and radio (57 %).
Conclusion: The outcomes of the study suggest the need for general educational campaigns with emphasis on modalities for the screening of PC using the appropriate media channels for accessibility.
Keywords: Prostate cancer; awareness; knowledge; male teachers; Ghana.