bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation and analysis of the geographical origin of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels using multi-element and stable isotopes
Authors: Li Shanjia , Wang Hui , Jin Ling , White James F. , Kingsley Kathryn L. , Gou Wei , Cui Lijuan , Wang Fuxiang , Wang Zihao , Wu Guoqiang 
Published: August 2021

Background
Place of origin is an important factor when determining the quality and authenticity of Angelica sinensis for medicinal use. It is important to trace the origin and confirm the regional characteristics of medicinal products for sustainable industrial development. Effectively tracing and confirming the material’s origin may be accomplished by detecting stable isotopes and mineral elements.

Methods
We studied 25 A. sinensis samples collected from three main producing areas (Linxia, Gannan, and Dingxi) in southeastern Gansu Province, China, to better identify its origin. We used inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) to determine eight mineral elements (K, Mg, Ca, Zn, Cu, Mn, Cr, Al) and three stable isotopes (δ13C, δ15N, δ18O). Principal component analysis (PCA), partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were used to verify the validity of its geographical origin.

Results
K, Ca/Al, δ13C, δ15N and δ18O are important elements to distinguish A. sinensis sampled from Linxia, Gannan and Dingxi. We used an unsupervised PCA model to determine the dimensionality reduction of mineral elements and stable isotopes, which could distinguish the A. sinensis from Linxia. However, it could not easily distinguish A. sinensis sampled from Gannan and Dingxi. The supervised PLS-DA and LDA models could effectively distinguish samples taken from all three regions and perform cross-validation. The cross-validation accuracy of PLS-DA using mineral elements and stable isotopes was 84%, which was higher than LDA using mineral elements and stable isotopes.

Conclusions
The PLS-DA and LDA models provide a theoretical basis for tracing the origin of A. sinensis in three regions (Linxia, Gannan and Dingxi). This is significant for protecting consumers’ health, rights and interests.
The difficulty of teaching adults to recognize referential ambiguity in children's testimony: The influence of explicit instruction and sample questions
Authors: Wylie Breanne E. , Gongola Jennifer , Lyon Thomas D. , Evans Angela D. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAdults often fail to recognize the ambiguity of children's unelaborated responses to “Do you know/remember (DYK/R) if/whether” questions. Two studies examined whether sample questions and/or an explicit instruction would improve adults' ability to recognize referential ambiguity in children's testimony. In Study 1 (N = 383), participants rarely recognized referential ambiguity in the sample questions or in children's testimony, and answering sample questions had no influence on their ability to detect ambiguity in children's testimony. Study 2 (N = 363) attempted to clarify the meaning of ambiguity for participants with explicit instructions. Results revealed that although an explicit instruction improved performance on sample questions, this also led to an overcorrection, and instructions and sample questions only modestly improved adults' ability to recognize referential ambiguity in children's testimony. Ultimately, the absence of an effective strategy for alerting adults to the problem of referential ambiguity highlights the dangers of DYK/R if/whether questions.
Multimodal Label‐Free Monitoring of Adipogenic Stem Cell Differentiation Using Endogenous Optical Biomarkers
Authors: Mehta Nishir , Shaik Shahensha , Prasad Alisha , Chaichi Ardalan , Sahu Sushant P. , Liu Qianglin , Hasan Syed Mohammad Abid , Sheikh Elnaz , Donnarumma Fabrizio , Murray Kermit K. , Fu Xing , Devireddy Ram , Gartia Manas Ranjan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractStem cell‐based therapies carry significant promise for treating human diseases. However, clinical translation of stem cell transplants for effective treatment requires precise non‐destructive evaluation of the purity of stem cells with high sensitivity (<0.001% of the number of cells). Here, a novel methodology using hyperspectral imaging (HSI) combined with spectral angle mapping‐based machine learning analysis is reported to distinguish differentiating human adipose‐derived stem cells (hASCs) from control stem cells. The spectral signature of adipogenesis generated by the HSI method enables identifying differentiated cells at single‐cell resolution. The label‐free HSI method is compared with the standard techniques such as Oil Red O staining, fluorescence microscopy, and qPCR that are routinely used to evaluate adipogenic differentiation of hASCs. HSI is successfully used to assess the abundance of adipocytes derived from transplanted cells in a transgenic mice model. Further, Raman microscopy and multiphoton‐based metabolic imaging is performed to provide complementary information for the functional imaging of the hASCs. Finally, the HSI method is validated using matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization‐mass spectrometry imaging of the stem cells. The study presented here demonstrates that multimodal imaging methods enable label‐free identification of stem cell differentiation with high spatial and chemical resolution.
Spirobifluorene Dimers: Understanding How The Molecular Assemblies Drive The Electronic Properties
Authors: Poriel Cyril , Quinton Cassandre , Lucas Fabien , Rault‐Berthelot Joëlle , Jiang Zuo‐Quan , Jeannin Olivier 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSpirobifluorene (SBF) is one of the most important scaffolds used in the design of organic semi‐conductors (OSCs) for electronics. In recent years, among all the structures developed for these applications, SBF dimers have been highlighted due to their great potential in thermally activated delayed fluorescence and in phosphorescent organic light‐emitting diodes. Attaching two SBF units generate 10 dimers, each possessing its own structural specificity, which in turn drives its electronic properties. These ten SBF dimers are gathered herein. Understanding how the molecular assembly determines the electronic properties has been one of the pillars of organic electronics. This is the goal of this article. As positional isomerism is a key tool to design OSCs, defining the design guidelines for the SBF scaffold appears of interest for the future of this building block. Herein, the importance of the two main parameters involved in the electrochemical and photophysical properties, namely the nature of the phenyl linkages and the steric congestion between the two SBF units is discussed. The combination of these two parameters drives the electronic properties but their respective weight is different as a function of the regioisomer involved or of the property considered (frontier orbitals energy level, absorption, fluorescence, phosphorescence).
Peptide‐Based Inhibitors for SARS‐CoV‐2 and SARS‐CoV
Authors: Panchal Disha , Kataria Jeena , Patel Kamiya , Crowe Kaytlyn , Pai Varun , Azizogli Abdul‐Rahman , Kadian Neil , Sanyal Sreya , Roy Abhishek , Dodd‐o Joseph , Acevedo‐Jake Amanda M. , Kumar Vivek A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 (coronavirus disease) global pandemic, caused by the spread of the SARS‐CoV‐2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) virus, currently has limited treatment options which include vaccines, anti‐virals, and repurposed therapeutics. With their high specificity, tunability, and biocompatibility, small molecules like peptides are positioned to act as key players in combating SARS‐CoV‐2, and can be readily modified to match viral mutation rate. A recent expansion of the understanding of the viral structure and entry mechanisms has led to the proliferation of therapeutic viral entry inhibitors. In this comprehensive review, inhibitors of SARS and SARS‐CoV‐2 are investigated and discussed based on therapeutic design, inhibitory mechanistic approaches, and common targets. Peptide therapeutics are highlighted, which have demonstrated in vitro or in vivo efficacy, discuss advantages of peptide therapeutics, and common strategies in identifying targets for viral inhibition.
Senolysis Reduces Senescence in Veins and Cancer Cell Migration
Authors: Estepa‐Fernández Alejandra , Alfonso María , Morellá‐Aucejo Ángela , García‐Fernández Alba , Lérida‐Viso Araceli , Lozano‐Torres Beatriz , Galiana Irene , Soriano‐Teruel Paula M. , Sancenón Félix , Orzáez Mar , Martínez‐Máñez Ramón 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSenescence is a persistent state of cell cycle arrest. Induction of senescence has been explored as a barrier against tumor progression and is used as a therapeutic option. Despite the advantages of the introduction of senescence‐inducing compounds in the clinic, recent studies show that their side‐effects can be partially masking their antitumor potential. This is due to the deleterious effects that accumulation of senescent cells in tissues and organs causes on tissue microenvironment that confer tumor‐promoting properties. In this study, it is demonstrated that the presence of senescent endothelium favors cancer cell migration and show that palbociclib systemic treatment induces senescence in veins in an orthotopic triple‐negative breast cancer mouse model. Moreover, it is found that following palbociclib‐induced senogenesis, the elimination of senescent cells using the nanoencapsulated senolytic navitoclax (NP(nav)‐Gal) produces the selective elimination of endothelial senescent cells and induces a marked recovery of endothelial tissue functionality. Finally, the treatment with NP(nav)‐Gal produces a significant decrease of senescence in veins which is consistent with the decrease in metastasic burden observed. These results evidence the potential of reducing vascular senescence using senolytic therapies as a strategy to limit the metastatic dissemination of tumors cells in breast cancer patients subjected to chemotherapeutic treatments.
Current status and perspectives of the future of pancreatic surgery: Establishment of evidence by integration of “art” and “science”
Authors: Kang Mee Joo , Kim Sun‐Whe 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPancreatic cancer surgery continues to be associated with a high operative morbidity rate, poor long‐term survival outcomes, and various challenges in obtaining high‐level evidence. Not only is the early postoperative morbidity rate high, but also late morbidity involves lifelong nutritional support for long‐term survivors. Due to poor survival outcomes even after curative surgery, pancreatic surgeons have doubts about the role of surgery as the definitive treatment for pancreatic cancer. Additionally, conducting clinical trials to obtain high‐level evidence in the field of pancreatic surgery is difficult, and the results have only had a moderate impact on clinical practice due to skepticism regarding their quality. Therefore, quality evidence regarding the extent of resection, mode of approach to dissection, reconstruction methods for pancreatico‐enteric anastomosis, determination of resectability, timing of surgery, and the definition of the resection margin is lacking. However, numerous innovative pancreatic surgical procedures have been developed, which may aptly have been called “art” when they were first introduced, regardless of whether they subsequently were supported by scientific evidence. In this review, we provide recent examples of the integration of art and science in the field of pancreatic surgery, which illustrate how the creative ideas of pancreatic surgeons evolved into generally accepted clinical practice. Pancreatic surgeons should be considered “surgical artists,” “surgical scientists,” and “surgical practitioners.” We look forward to more “surgical artists” educating future “surgical artists and scientists” to create a richer “spirit of innovation,” leading to a more beautiful integration of art and science in the field of pancreatic surgery.
Ecological consequences of herbivory by Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) on succession patterns of tree assemblages: A case of snowy regions in Japan
Authors: Enari Hiroto , Enari Haruka S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractApart from frugivory, we have limited knowledge of the ecological consequences of primate herbivory. We aimed to ascertain the effects of spring folivory and winter bark/bud herbivory by Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) on tree species and succession patterns of cool‐temperate forests with heavy snow. To evaluate the impact of herbivory on individual trees, we assessed the growth and mortality of trees consumed by simulating herbivory on nine tree species over 4 years. Additionally, we assessed the cumulative impacts of bark/bud herbivory observed at the tree community level by monitoring the patterns of natural herbivory for almost a decade and evaluating the structure of tree assemblages in places with different cumulative impacts of herbivory. The results of simulated herbivory showed that the mortality caused by both spring and winter herbivory was limited (<20%) for almost all tree species monitored; however, the simulated folivory led to delayed tree growth and/or weakening of tree architecture. In contrast, the simulated bark/bud herbivory sometimes resulted in overcompensation of the tree consumed. The multiyear monitoring of natural herbivory demonstrated that, while bark/bud herbivory did not reduced the diversity and biomass of tree assemblages, the cumulative impacts of natural herbivory could have affected the tree succession pattern, resulting in increasing the availability of bark/buds preferably fed by macaques. The key cause for this feedback effect of herbivory on available foods of macaques might be heavy snow conditions, which could physically and physiologically restrain the excessive bark/buds herbivory by macaques.
Effect of waterborne epoxy resin sizing on the surface and properties of high‐strength‐high‐modulus polyimide fibers
Authors: Zhu Li , Zhang Mengying , Sheng Jing , Niu Hongqing , Wu Dezhen 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTo improve the interface adhesion between high‐strength‐high‐modulus polyimide (PI) fibers and epoxy resin (EP) matrix, waterborne epoxy resin (WEP) sizing agents are used to modify the surface of PI fibers. The sizing treatment of PI fibers was carried out by the self‐made sizing machine, and the effect of WEP sizing concentrations on the structure and properties of PI fibers were discussed in detail. The surface roughness, activated carbon percentage, and surface energy of WEP‐sized PI fibers increased with increasing WEP sizing agent contents. While, the mechanical and thermal properties of WEP‐sized PI fibers decreased slightly with the increment of WEP sizing agent concentrations. The optimum WEP sizing concentration was recognized to be 2 wt%. The interfacial shear strength and the interlinear shear strength values of PI fibers and epoxy resin (PI/EP) composites were improved by 175.22 and 25.31%, respectively. Moreover, the mechanism of surface characteristic improvement with WEP sizing treatment were proposed, contributing to the enhancement of mechanical interlocking and chemical interaction between fibers and matrix.
T2‐weighted turbo spin‐echo magnetic resonance imaging of canine brain anatomy at 1.5T, 3T, and 7T field strengths
Authors: Jacqmot Olivier , Van Thielen Bert , Hespel Adrien‐Maxence , Luijten Peter R. , de Mey Johan , Van Binst Anne , Provyn Steven , Tresignie Jonathan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPost‐mortem T2 weighted images of canine heads were acquired at 1.5T, 3T, and 7T. This study aimed to (1) identify anatomical structures of the canine brain using an ultra‐high‐field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (7T) to help to facilitate their localization on high field MRI images (3T and 1.5T), where these structures may appear less well defined and delineated and (2) evaluate the visibility of canine brain anatomical structures on 1.5T, 3T, and 7T MRI images for optimizing clinical utility. Our hypothesis was that the provided subjective image quality comparison at different field strengths may offer a general baseline for canine brain anatomy and may help clinicians evaluate MRI options better. Six canine heads were examined with 1.5T, 3T, and 7T MRI scanners. T2‐weighted images were acquired in three orthogonal planes at each field strength using a turbo spin‐echo sequence. Fifty neuroanatomic structures were identified and evaluated on the 7T MR images; subsequently, those were found on the 3T and 45 out of the 50 structures were detected on the 1.5T imaging. The structures that were not able to be identified on the 1.5T imaging included the septum pellucidum, oculomotor nucleus, substantia nigra, claustrum, and thalamic nucleus griseus. Images acquired at 7T were subjective of higher spatial and contrast resolution. However, the ultra‐high‐field images were prone to artifacts at the interface between tissues of different magnetic properties. In conclusion, 3T MR imaging appears to be the best comprise for evaluating canine brain anatomy on MRI with fewer imaging artifacts.
Comparison of 6‐month vascular healing response after bioresorbable polymer versus durable polymer drug‐eluting stent implantation in patients with acute coronary syndromes: A randomized serial optical coherence tomography study
Authors: Noguchi Masahiko , Dohi Tomotaka , Okazaki Shinya , Matsumura Mitsuaki , Takeuchi Mitsuhiro , Endo Hirohisa , Kato Yoshiteru , Okai Iwao , Nishiyama Hiroki , Doi Shinichiro , Iwata Hiroshi , Isoda Kikuo , Usui Eisuke , Fujimura Tatsuhiro , Seike Fumiyasu , Mintz Gary S. , Miyauchi Katsumi , Daida Hiroyuki , Minamino Tohru , Maehara Akiko 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectivesThis study was conducted to use optical coherence tomography (OCT) to compare vascular healing between bioresorbable polymer (BP) and durable polymer (DP) everolimus‐eluting stents (EES) in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS).BackgroundWhether BP‐EES induce better vascular healing compared to contemporary DP‐EES remains controversial, especially for ACS.MethodsIn this prospective, randomized, non‐inferiority trial, we used OCT to compare 6‐month vascular healing in patients with ACS randomized to BP versus DP‐EES: percent strut coverage (primary endpoint, non‐inferiority margin of 2.0%) and neointimal thickness and percent neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) volume. As an exploratory analysis, morphological factors related to the endpoints and the effect of underlying lipidic plaque on stent healing were evaluated.ResultsA total of 104 patients with ACS were randomly assigned to BP‐EES (n = 52) versus DP‐EES (n = 52). Of these, 86 patients (40 BP‐EES and 46 DP‐EES) were included in the final OCT analyses. Six‐month percent strut coverage of BP‐EES (83.6 ± 11.4%) was not non‐inferior compared to those of DP‐EES (81.6 ± 13.9%), difference 2.0% (lower 95% confidence interval‐2.6%), pnon‐inferiority = 0.07. There were no differences in neointimal thickness 70.0 ± 33.9 μm versus 67.2 ± 33.9 μm, p = 0.71; and percent NIH volume 7.5 ± 4.7% versus 7.3 ± 5.3%, p = 0.85. By multivariable linear regression analysis, stent type was not associated with percent strut coverage or percent NIH volume; however, percent baseline embedded struts or stent expansion was positively associated with percent NIH volume. Greater NIH volume was observed in lipidic compared with non‐lipidic segments (8.7 ± 5.6% vs. 6.1 ± 5.2%, p = 0.005).ConclusionsSix‐month strut coverage of BP‐EES was not non‐inferior compared to those of DP‐EES in ACS patients. Good stent apposition and expansion were independently associated with better vascular healing.
Median arcuate ligament syndrome masquerading as mesenteric angina
Authors: Chapra Ammar , Kunjumon Neethu Maria , Elzouki Abdel‐Naser , Danjuma Mohammed Ibn‐Mas'ud 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPatients with recurrent unclear causes of postprandial abdominal pain should have median arcuate ligament syndrome as a differential diagnosis which is thought to be caused by celiac artery compression. Diagnosis is by imaging such as CT angiography.
Intestinal perforation caused by fishbone in a child with the misdiagnosis of acute appendicitis: A case report
Authors: Ngoc Nguyen Sang , Duy Nguyen Tuan , Tung Vu Lam , Ngoc Bao Hoang Cuong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIf a child has abdominal pain, it is important to evaluate the possibility of intestinal perforation caused by foreign objects such as fishbone. If a foreign agent is present, laparoscopic surgery is an effective method to remove the foreign objects.
The Catalytic Mechanism of the Retaining Glycosyltransferase Mannosylglycerate Synthase
Authors: Ferreira Pedro , Fernandes Pedro A. , Ramos Maria J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTo protect their intracellular proteins, extremophile microorganisms synthesize molecules called compatible solutes. These molecules are the result of the attachment of a small negatively charged molecule to a sugar molecule. It has been found that these molecules, not only protect the microorganism against osmotic stress but also against other extreme conditions. They can also confer protection against extreme conditions to isolated enzymes from different organisms making them an exciting prospect for potential biotechnological applications. One of the most widespread compatible solute in hyperthermophile organisms is the molecule 2‐O‐α‐D‐mannosyl‐D‐glycerate (MG). In addition to confer protection to proteins against extreme conditions, MG was found to prevent Alzheimer's β‐amyloid aggregation and reduce α‐synuclein fibril formation in Parkinson's disease. In this work we studied, using computational methods, the catalytic mechanism of the synthesis of MG by the enzyme mannosylglycerate synthase (MGS) from the thermophilic bacteria Rhodothermus marinus.
Copper‐Promoted N‐Arylation of the Imidazole Side Chain of Protected Histidine by Using Triarylbismuth Reagents
Authors: Chan Hwai‐Chien , Bueno Bianca , Le Roch Adrien , Gagnon Alexandre 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe N‐arylation of the side chain of histidine by using triarylbismuthines is reported. The reaction is promoted by copper(II) acetate in dichloromethane at 40 °C under oxygen in the presence of diisopropylethylamine and 1,10‐phenanthroline and allows the transfer of aryl groups with substituents at any position of the aromatic ring. The reaction shows excellent functional group tolerance and is applicable to dipeptides where the histidine is located at the N terminus. A histidine‐guided backbone N−H arylation was observed in dipeptides where the histidine occupies the C terminus.
Hollow Carbon Sphere‐Modified Graphitic Carbon Nitride for Efficient Photocatalytic H2 Production
Authors: Li Jinghua , Xiong Lunqiao , Luo Bing , Jing Dengwei , Cao Jiamei , Tang Junwang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA novel hybrid photocatalyst composed of hollow carbon nanospheres (NCS) and graphitic carbon nitride (CN) curly nanosheets has been prepared by the calcination of a NCS precursor and freeze‐dried urea. The optimized photocatalyst exhibits an efficient photocatalytic performance under visible light irradiation with a highest H2 generation rate of 3612.3 μmol g−1 h−1, leading to an apparent quantum yield of 10.04 % at 420 nm, five times higher than the widely reported benchmark photocatalyst CN (2.01 % AQY). The materials characterization shows that NCS‐modified CN curly nanosheets can promote photoelectron transfer and suppress charge recombination through their special coupling interface and NCS as an electron acceptor, which significantly improves the photocatalytic efficiency. Thus, this study provides an efficient strategy for the design of highly efficient photocatalyst, particularly suitable for a totally metal‐free photocatalytic system.
Was Menschen bewegt, die etwas bewegen
Authors: Sieß Wolfgang 
Published: August 2021

Abstractim Jahr 1988 kam Wolfgang Sieß zum Verlag Chemie nach Weinheim, dem heutigen Verlag ‐Wiley‐VCH. Hier konzipierte und etablierte er mit der CITplus ein Praxismagazin für Chemieingenieure und Verfahrenstechniker, das er seit der ersten Ausgabe im September 1998 bis zu seiner Verrentung im Juni 2021 betreute.