bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
District nurses’ experiences of using a clinical decision support system and an assessment tool at elderly care units in primary health care: a qualitative study
Authors: Lagerin Annica , Törnkvist Lena , Fastbom Johan , Lundh Lena 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Aim:
The present study aimed to describe the experience of district nurses (DNs) in using a clinical decision support system (CDSS) and the safe medication assessment (SMA) tool during patient visits to elderly care units at primary health care centres.

Background:
In Swedish primary health care, general practitioners (GPs) prescribe and have the responsibility to regularly review older adults’ medications, while DN (nurses specialised in primary health care) play an important role in assessing older adults’ ability to manage their medications, detecting potential drug-related problems and communicating with patients and GPs about such problems. In a previous feasibility study, we found that DNs who use a combination of a CDSS and the SMA tool identified numerous potentially harmful or dangerous factors and took a number of nursing care actions to improve the safety and quality of patients’ medication use. In telephone interviews, patients indicated that they were positive towards the assessment and interventions.

Methods:
Individual interviews with seven DNs who worked at six different primary health care centres in Region Stockholm were carried out in 2018. In 2019, an additional group interview was conducted with two of the seven DNs so they could discuss and comment on preliminary findings. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the interview transcripts.
Findings: Using the tools, the DNs could have a natural conversation about medication use with older adults. They could get a clear picture of the older adults’ medication use and thus obtain information that could facilitate collaboration with GPs about this important component of health care for older adults. However, for the tools to be used in clinical practice, some barriers would have to be overcome, such as the time-consuming nature of using the tools and the lack of established routines for interprofessional collaboration regarding medication discussions.
A Framework to Assess the Potential Uncertainties of Three FPAR Products
Authors: Chen Xin , Chen Tiexi , Shu Yu , Yan Qingyun , Han Qifei , Wei Xueqiong , Li Chaofan , Wang Guojie , Xie Yong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe remote sensing products of the fraction of photosynthetically active radiation (FPAR) are widely used in large‐scale terrestrial vegetation condition monitoring and ecological modeling. However, the validation and evaluation of these products are still insufficient due to limited ground measurements. A framework is proposed in this study that does not rely on ground FPAR observations to evaluate the potential uncertainties of three FPAR data sets over a large scale. Two independent methods, including a statistical method named extended triple colocation (ETC) and FPAR‐based gross primary production (GPP) comparative evaluation at the site level, are integrated. The framework was applied to three widely used FPAR products, including GLASS (Global Land Surface Satellite), GEOV2 (version 2 of the COPERNICUS 1‐km product), and MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer), in China from 2001–2015. The root‐mean‐square error (RMSE) and correlation coefficient (R) based on the ETC method showed that at the national spatial scale, GEOV2‐FPAR had the highest precision (RMSEFPAR = 0.0367, RFPAR = 0.9012), followed by MODIS‐FPAR (RMSEFPAR = 0.0482, RFPAR = 0.8392) and GLASS‐FPAR (RMSEFPAR = 0.0536, RFPAR = 0.736). In particular, each FPAR data set was locally optimal over some regions. Using a light use efficiency model, GPP was calculated using these three FPAR data sets and other identical variables and parameters at 22 eddy flux sites. General coherent results were found in both GPP evaluation and site‐level ETC analysis of these three FPAR data sets. Therefore, we conclude that this framework is reliable and applicable in evaluating the potential uncertainties of FPAR.
Assessing the cognitive status of Drosophila by the value-based feeding decision
Authors: Yu Chih-Chieh , Chang Ferng-Chang , Hong Yong-Huei , Li Jian-Chiuan , Chen Po-Lin , Chen Chun-Hong , Chiu Tzai-Wen , Lu Tsai-Te , Wang Yun-Ming , Kao Chih-Fei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDecision-making is considered an important aspect of cognitive function. Impaired decision-making is a consequence of cognitive decline caused by various physiological conditions, such as aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Here we exploited the value-based feeding decision (VBFD) assay, which is a simple sensory–motor task, to determine the cognitive status ofDrosophila. Our results indicated the deterioration of VBFD is notably correlated with aging and neurodegenerative disorders. Restriction of the mushroom body (MB) neuronal activity partly blunted the proper VBFD. Furthermore, using theDrosophilapolyQ disease model, we demonstrated the impaired VBFD is ameliorated by the dinitrosyl iron complex (DNIC-1), a novel and steady nitric oxide (NO)-releasing compound. Therefore we propose that the VBFD assay provides a robust assessment ofDrosophilacognition and can be used to characterize additional neuroprotective interventions.
Safety and immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 variant mRNA vaccine boosters in healthy adults: an interim analysis
Authors: Choi Angela , Koch Matthew , Wu Kai , Chu Laurence , Ma LingZhi , Hill Anna , Nunna Naveen , Huang Wenmei , Oestreicher Judy , Colpitts Tonya , Bennett Hamilton , Legault Holly , Paila Yamuna , Nestorova Biliana , Ding Baoyu , Montefiori David , Pajon Rolando , Miller Jacqueline M. , Leav Brett , Carfi Andrea , McPhee Roderick , Edwards Darin K. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) and variants of interest (VOIs) with decreased susceptibility to neutralization has generated interest in assessments of booster doses and variant-specific vaccines. Clinical trial participants who received a two-dose primary series of the COVID-19 vaccine mRNA-1273 approximately 6 months earlier entered an open-label phase 2a study (NCT04405076) to evaluate the primary objectives of safety and immunogenicity of a single booster dose of mRNA-1273 or variant-modified mRNAs, including multivalent mRNA-1273.211. As the trial is currently ongoing, this exploratory interim analysis includes preliminary descriptive results only of four booster groups (n = 20 per group). Immediately before the booster dose, neutralizing antibodies against wild-type D614G virus had waned (P < 0.0001) relative to peak titers against wild-type D614G measured 1 month after the primary series, and neutralization titers against B.1.351 (Beta), P.1 (Gamma) and B.1.617.2 (Delta) VOCs were either low or undetectable. Both the mRNA-1273 booster and variant-modified boosters were safe and well-tolerated. All boosters, including mRNA-1273, numerically increased neutralization titers against the wild-type D614G virus compared to peak titers against wild-type D614G measured 1 month after the primary series; significant increases were observed for mRNA-1273 and mRNA-1273.211 (P < 0.0001). In addition, all boosters increased neutralization titers against key VOCs and VOIs, including B.1.351, P.1. and B.1.617.2, that were statistically equivalent to peak titers measured after the primary vaccine series against wild-type D614G virus, with superior titers against some VOIs. This trial is ongoing.
Effect of constant collision mean free time on the boundary layer of the active collisional warm plasma
Authors: Khoram Mansour , Masoudi S. Farhad 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe plasma boundary layer is analyzed for a plasma in contact with a conducting plain surface where the ion temperature is comparable with the electron temperature and the plasma pressure is sufficiently high. The variations of electrical potential from the plasma-presheath boundary to the wall is studied using the fluidal formalism of plasma in three approaches; plasma and sheath asymptotic solutions and full solution. In the full solution approach, fluidal equations lead to a singularity when the ion velocity reaches the ion thermal speed. It is shown that removing the singularity causes a well-defined eigenvalue problem and leads to smooth solutions for the model equations. Some of the applicable aspects such as the floating velocity and density of ions, the floating electrical potential and an estimation of the floating thickness of the boundary layer are obtained. The dependency of these quantities on the ionization degree, the ion temperature and ion-neutral collision is examined too.
Red Panda feces from Eastern Himalaya as a modern analogue for palaeodietary and palaeoecological analyses
Authors: Basumatary Sadhan K. , Gogoi Rajib , Tripathi Swati , Ghosh Ruby , Pokharia Anil K. , McDonald H. Gregory , Sherpa Norbu , van Asperen Eline N. , Agnihotri Rajesh , Chhetri Geetamani , Saikia Korobi , Pandey Arya 
Published: September 2021

AbstractModern feces samples of the endangered red panda (Ailurus fulgens) were examined using multiproxy analysis to characterize the dietary patterns in their natural habitat in India. An abundance of Bambusoideae phytoliths and leaves (macrobotanical remains) provide direct evidence of their primary dietary plants. In contrast, Bambusoideae pollen is sporadic or absent in the pollen assemblages. An abundance ofLepisorusspores and its leaves along with broadleaved taxa,Betula,Engelhardtia, andQuercusare indicative of other important food sources. Average δ13C values (− 29.6‰) of the red panda feces indicate typical C3type of plants as the primary food source, while the, δ15N values vary in narrow range (3.3–5.1‰) but conspicuously reveal a seasonal difference in values most likely due to differing metabolic activities in summer and winter. The multiproxy data can provide a baseline for the reconstruction of the palaeodietary and palaeoecology of extinct herbivores at both regional and global scales.
Sex-differences in the effect of obstructive sleep apnea on patients hospitalized with pulmonary embolism and on in-hospital mortality
Authors: de-Miguel-Diez Javier , Lopez-Herranz Marta , Hernandez-Barrera Valentín , Jimenez David , Monreal Manuel , Jiménez-García Rodrigo , López-de-Andrés Ana 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe determined sex differences in the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) among patients hospitalized with pulmonary embolism (PE) in Spain (2016–2018). We also compared outcomes according to the presence of OSA, and identified variables associated with in-hospital-mortality (IHM) after PE using the Spanish National Hospital Discharge Database. We identified 46,794 hospital admissions for PE; of these, 5.47% had OSA. OSA was more prevalent among men than women (7.57% vs. 3.65%, p < 0.001), as in the general population. Propensity score matching did not reveal differences in concomitant conditions or procedures between patients with and without OSA, except for the use of non-invasive ventilation, which was more frequent in patients with OSA. IHM was similar in patients with and without OSA (3.58% vs. 4.31% for men and 4.39% vs. 4.93% for women; p > 0.05). Older age, cancer, atrial fibrillation, non-septic shock, and need for mechanical ventilation increased IHM in men and women with OSA hospitalized with PE. The logistic regression model showed no sex differences in IHM among patients with OSA.
Single-molecule kinetic locking allows fluorescence-free quantification of protein/nucleic-acid binding
Authors: Rieu Martin , Valle-Orero Jessica , Ducos Bertrand , Allemand Jean-François , Croquette Vincent 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFluorescence-free micro-manipulation of nucleic acids (NA) allows the functional characterization of DNA/RNA processing proteins, without the interference of labels, but currently fails to detect and quantify their binding. To overcome this limitation, we developed a method based on single-molecule force spectroscopy, called kinetic locking, that allows a direct in vitro visualization of protein binding while avoiding any kind of chemical disturbance of the protein’s natural function. We validate kinetic locking by measuring accurately the hybridization energy of ultrashort nucleotides (5, 6, 7 bases) and use it to measure the dynamical interactions of Escherichia coli/E. coli RecQ helicase with its DNA substrate.
Classical restrictions of generic matrix product states are quasi-locally Gibbsian
Authors: Aragonés-Soria Y. , Åberg J. , Park C-Y. , Kastoryano M. J. 
Published: September 2021

We show that norm squared amplitudes with respect to a local orthonormal basis (the classical restriction) of finite quantum systems on one-dimensional lattices can be exponentially well approximated by Gibbs states of local Hamiltonians (i.e., they are quasi-locally Gibbsian) if the classical conditional mutual information (CMI) of any connected tripartition of the lattice is rapidly decaying in the width of the middle region. For injective matrix product states, we, moreover, show that the classical CMI decays exponentially whenever the collection of matrix product operators satisfies a “purity condition,” a notion previously established in the theory of random matrix products. We, furthermore, show that violation of the purity condition enables a generalized notion of error correction on the virtual space, thus indicating the non-generic nature of such violations. We make this intuition more concrete by constructing a probabilistic model where purity is a typical property. The proof of our main result makes extensive use of the theory of random matrix products and may find applications elsewhere.
High accuracy ab initio potential energy surface for the H2O–H van der Waals dimer
Authors: McCarver Gavin A. , Hinde Robert J. 
Published: September 2021

A representation of the three-dimensional potential energy surface (PES) of the H2O–H van der Waals dimer is presented. The H2O molecule is treated as a rigid body held at its experimentally determined equilibrium geometry, with the OH bond length set to 1.809 650 34 a0 and the HOH bond angle set to 1.824 044 93 radians. Ab initio calculations are carried out at the coupled-cluster single, double, and perturbative triple level, with scalar relativistic effects included using the second-order Douglas–Kroll–Hess approximation. The ab initio calculations employ the aug-cc-pVnZ-DK series of basis sets (n = D, T, Q), which are recontracted versions of the aug-cc-pVnZ basis sets that are appropriate for relativistic calculations. The counterpoise method is used to reduce the basis set superposition error; in addition, results obtained using the aug-cc-pVTZ-DK and aug-cc-pVQZ-DK basis sets were extrapolated to the complete basis set (CBS) limit. The PES is based on calculations carried out at 1054 symmetry-unique H2O–H geometries for which the distance R between the H-atom and the H2O center of mass ranges from R = 2.5–9.0 Å. The reproduction of the PES along the orientational degrees of freedom was performed using Lebedev quadrature and an expansion in spherical harmonics. The mean absolute error of the reproduced PES is &lt;0.02 cm−1 for R ≥ 3.0 Å and &lt;0.21 cm−1 for R between 2.5 and 3.0 Å. The global minimum for the CBS PES is a coplanar H2O–H geometry, with R = 3.41 Å, in which the angle formed between the H2O C2 symmetry axis and the H-atom is 122.25°; the CBS binding energy for this geometry is 61.297 cm−1. In addition, by utilizing the symmetry of the H2O molecule, the spherical harmonic expansion was simplified with no loss in accuracy and a speedup of ∼1.8 was achieved. The reproduced PES can be used in future molecular dynamics simulations.
Trapping or slowing the diffusion of T cell receptors at close contacts initiates T cell signaling
Authors: Chen Kevin Y. , Jenkins Edward , Körbel Markus , Ponjavic Aleks , Lippert Anna H. , Santos Ana Mafalda , Ashman Nicole , O'Brien-Ball Caitlin , McBride Jemma , Klenerman David , Davis Simon J. 
Published: September 2021

SignificanceDespite the success of T cell–redirecting immunotherapies for blood cancers, toxic, off-target side effects prevent their safe application to other diseases. Part of the challenge lies in our incomplete understanding of T cell receptor (TCR) triggering. Although we know signaling requires TCR phosphorylation, how extracellular TCR/ligand binding produces intracellular phosphorylation is unclear. Using live-cell imaging, we found that just reducing TCR mobility induces T cell signaling. Since native ligands also restrict TCR mobility, our findings suggest that trapping TCRs in tight cell–cell interaction spaces, where large negative-regulatory phosphatases are depleted, might generally initiate T cell signaling. This implies that parameters beyond TCR–ligand affinity could be exploited to fine-tune the specificity and potency of T cell–redirecting agents.
Citizens from 13 countries share similar preferences for COVID-19 vaccine allocation priorities
Authors: Duch Raymond , Roope Laurence S. J. , Violato Mara , Fuentes Becerra Matias , Robinson Thomas S. , Bonnefon Jean-Francois , Friedman Jorge , Loewen Peter John , Mamidi Pavan , Melegaro Alessia , Blanco Mariana , Vargas Juan , Seither Julia , Candio Paolo , Gibertoni Cruz Ana , Hua Xinyang , Barnett Adrian , Clarke Philip M. 
Published: September 2021

Significance
How to allocate COVID-19 vaccines is one of the most important decisions currently facing governments. With limited supplies, what is most pressing is deciding who gets priority in the vaccine allocation rollout. Some governments are exploring allowing private purchases of COVID-19 vaccines. Many countries are debating whether COVID-19 vaccines should be mandated. There is little evidence on what policies are preferred by the global public. Our survey of 15,536 adults in 13 countries confirms that priority should be given to health workers and those at high risk but also, to a broad range of key workers and those with lower incomes. The public favors allocating COVID-19 vaccines solely via government programs but was polarized in some countries on mandatory vaccinations.
Early-life midazolam exposure persistently changes chromatin accessibility to impair adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognition
Authors: Doi Hiroyoshi , Matsuda Taito , Sakai Atsuhiko , Matsubara Shuzo , Hoka Sumio , Yamaura Ken , Nakashima Kinichi 
Published: September 2021

Significance
There is abundant evidence that environmental insults, such as exposure to anesthetics, at early-life stages impair brain functions in later life, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Neural stem cells (NSCs) express inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptors that are the main target of most anesthetics, including midazolam (MDZ). We found that early-life exposure to MDZ persistently alters chromatin accessibility and global transcription to reinforce long-lasting NSC dormancy in the mouse hippocampus until adulthood, resulting in reduced neurogenesis and cognitive decline. Furthermore, a simple physical activity, running, could overcome these adverse outcomes by normalizing MDZ-induced transcriptomic alterations. Our study provides insights for further understanding and developing therapeutic strategies for neurological disorders induced by early-life exposure to anesthetics.
timeOmics: an R package for longitudinal multi-omics data integration
Authors: Bodein Antoine , Scott-Boyer Marie-Pier , Perin Olivier , Lê Cao Kim-Anh , Droit Arnaud 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMotivationMulti-omics data integration enables the global analysis of biological systems and discovery of new biological insights. Multi-omics experimental designs have been further extended with a longitudinal dimension to study dynamic relationships between molecules. However, methods that integrate longitudinal multi-omics data are still in their infancy.ResultsWe introduce the R package timeOmics, a generic analytical framework for the integration of longitudinal multi-omics data. The framework includes pre-processing, modeling and clustering to identify molecular features strongly associated with time. We illustrate this framework in a case study to detect seasonal patterns of mRNA, metabolites, gut taxa and clinical variables in patients with diabetes mellitus from the integrative Human Microbiome Project.Availabilityand implementationtimeOmics is available on Bioconductor and github.com/abodein/timeOmics.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease: the quandary continues
Authors: Caesar-Peterson Shannon , Yoon Dosuk , Tulla Katrina , Nahidi Seyed M , Tickoo Sharang , Sheikh Mudnia , Depaz Hector 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a rare lymphohistiocytic disorder with an unknown etiopathogenesis. Due to its non-specific lymphadenopathy presentation, treatment is complicated by the frequency by which it is misdiagnosed—for example up to one-third of cases are misdiagnosed as malignant lymphoma, leading to expensive clinical testing and overtreatment of this typically self-limiting illness. KFD has a strong association with SLE, although its transience and rarity make it difficult to investigate. We present a case of KFD to illustrate the variance in presentation and typical outcome of KFD. We want to increase awareness and shed some light on some typical and atypical clinical presentations of KFD to reduce the incidence of misdiagnosis.
The diffuse ionized gas (DIG) in star-forming galaxies: the influence of aperture effects on local H ii regions
Authors: Mannucci F , Belfiore F , Curti M , Cresci G , Maiolino R , Marasco A , Marconi A , Mingozzi M , Tozzi G , Amiri A 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
The diffuse ionized gas (DIG) contributes to the nebular emission of galaxies, resulting in emission line flux ratios that can be significantly different from those produced by H ii regions. Comparing the emission of [SII]λ6717,31 between pointed observations of H ii regions in nearby galaxies and integrated spectra of more distant galaxies, it has been recently claimed that the DIG can also deeply affect the emission of bright, star-forming galaxies, and that a large correction must be applied to observed line ratios to recover the genuine contribution from H ii regions. Here, we show instead that the e?ect of DIG on the integrated spectra of star-forming galaxies is lower than assumed in previous work. Here we show that, in contrast, aperture effects on the spectroscopy of nearby H ii regions are largely responsible for the observed difference: When spectra of local H ii regions are extracted using large enough apertures while still avoiding the DIG, the observed line ratios are the same as in more distant galaxies. This result is highly relevant for the use of strong-line methods to measure metallicity.