bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA-17-5p Downregulation Inhibits Autophagy and Myocardial Remodeling after Myocardial Infarction by Targeting STAT3
Authors: Chen Bo , Yang Yinjun , Wu Jinbo , Song Jianjiang , Lu Jia 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective: Myocardial infarction (MI) is acknowledged as a major cause of heart disease related death in the world. This study aims to explore the function and mechanism of miR-17-5p-induced STAT3 in myocardial remodeling after MI.Methods: MI mice were infected by lentivirus antago-miR-17-5p vector. The expression of miR-17-5p in myocardial tissues was detected. The levels of STAT3 and specific markers of autophagy LC3-II/LC3-I, Beclin-1 and p62 were measured. Myocardial remodeling and scar size were assessed and cell apoptosis was determined. The binding of miR-17-5p and STAT3 was analyzed. The functions of miR-17-5p and STAT3 in autophagy and myocardial remodeling after MI were confirmed by functional rescue experiment after injecting STAT3 inhibitor S31-20.Results: Decreased fractional shortening, increased left ventricular systolic diameter and ventricular filling velocity were detected in MI mice. High expression of miR-17-5p was found in myocardial tissues after MI. The inhibition of miR-17-5p expression led to reduction of fibrosis of myocardial tissues, scarring, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and expressions of LC3-II/LC3-I and Beclin-1, and increased p62 expression after MI. miR-17-5p targeted STAT3 and negatively regulated its expression. Inhibition of STAT3 level reversed the improving effect of antago-miR-17-5p on MI.Conclusion: Inhibition of miR-17-5p can inhibit myocardial autophagy through targeting STAT3, and then inhibit myocardial remodeling, thereby protecting myocardium after MI.
Realistic Advantages of Early Surgical Drain Removal after Pancreatoduodenectomy: A Single-institution Retrospective Study
Authors: Yoon So Jeong , Shin Sang Hyun , Yoon So Kyung , Jung Ji Hye , Han In Woong , Choi Dong Wook , Heo Jin Seok 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

The latest guidelines from the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS®) Society stated that early drain removal after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) is beneficial in decreasing the complications including postoperative pancreatic fistulas (POPFs). This study aimed to ascertain the actual benefits of early drain removal after PD. The data of 450 patients who underwent PD between 2018 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. The surgical outcomes were compared between patients whose drains were removed within postoperative 3 days (early removal group) and after 5 days (late removal group). Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors for clinically relevant POPFs (CR-POPFs). Among 338 patients with drain fluid amylase levels of less than 5000 IU on the first day after surgery, the early removal group (n=81) had fewer complications and shorter hospital stays than the late removal group (n=257) (30.9% vs 54.5%, p < 0.001; 9.8 days vs 12.5 days, p = 0.030, respectively). The incidence rates of specific complications including CR-POPFs were comparable between the two groups. Risk factor analysis showed that early drain removal did not increase the risk of CR-POPFs (p = 0.163). Although early drain removal after PD has not been identified as apparently beneficial, this study showed that it may contribute to an early return to normal life without increasing complications.
The Clinical Desire for Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy in South Korea: An Electronic Survey-based Study
Authors: Lee Eun Ji , Park Soo Jin , Mun Jaehee , Paik Haerin , Lee Jeesun , Seol Aeran , Kim Junhwan , Lee Nara , Chang Suk-Joon , Kim Hee Seung 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) is effective for treating peritoneal metastasis. However, it is currently used in the limited areas. Thus, we performed a survey to evaluate the clinical desire for PIPAC in South Korea, one of the many countries where PIPAC has not yet been introduced.Methods: We performed an online survey between November and December 2019. The questionnaire consisted of 20 questions, which were divided into comprehensive, procedure, and cost inquiries including five, 13 and two questions, respectively. Results: A total of 164 respondents who answered the questionnaire. Among respondents, 41.7-50% majoring in ovarian cancer, pseudomyxoma peritonei, and malignant mesothelioma preferred PIPAC for the curative treatment of primary diseases, whereas 32.7-33.3% majoring in colorectal and hepatobiliary cancers chose it for the palliative treatment of recurrent diseases. Moreover, 66.7-95.2% considered PIPAC appropriate for the cancers the specialized in, and 76-78.7% expected a treatment response of more than 50% and considered grade 1 or 2 minor surgical complications acceptable. Finally, most of the respondents answered the reasonable costs to purchase and implement PIPAC once at between 1,000,000-5,000,000 KRW. Conclusions: This surgery may reflect on the availability, scope, and reasonable cost of PIPAC treatment in South Korea for introducing PIPAC.
Traffic-related activities driven dust-bound magnetic pollution in urban road-system: Case study of Xiamen island, China
Authors: Yang Dan , Wu Jiajia , Hong Hualong , Liu Jingchun , Yan Chongling , Lu Haoliang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Sources of magnetic phases in urban dust include traffic-related activities, industrial products and detrital minerals. Exposure to magnetic phases in urban dust co-associated with trace metals is associated with respiratory ailments in sensitive organisms. Here, we collected samples of surface roadside dust and topsoil from Xiamen island, Fujian, China and then magnetic properties were determined using rock-magnetic methods. Magnetic particle concentrations in surface roadside dust was found to be significantly high compared with magnetic content in topsoil using magnetic susceptibility (𝜒LF), saturation isothermal remanent magnetization (SIRM) and susceptibility of anhysteretic remanent magnetization (𝜒ARM). Roadside dusts had much lower percent frequency-dependent susceptibility (1.83 ± 0.12%) than topsoil (2.96 ± 0.14%). Given the 𝜒ARM/SIRM vs 𝜒fd% and first-order reversal curves, most of the magnetic particles in roadside dust were large than in topsoil. Variable temperature dependence of magnetization, isothermal remanent magnetization decomposition spectra and first-order reversal curves suggested the enhancement of dust 𝜒LF, SIRM and 𝜒ARM were related to the exogenous pseudo-single-domain magnetite-like materials. This study provides a better understanding of magnetic ageing of dust particles in coastal cities. These results will be useful in optimizing environmental policies aimed at regulating magnetic dust particles pollution in coastal cities.
The Relationship Between TNF-Like Protein 1A and Coronary Artery Aneurysms in Children With Kawasaki Disease
Authors: zhang jing , Weng Haobo , Pei Qiongfei , Yang Penghui , Fan Wentao , Liu Ruixi , Yi Qijian 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute, systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology that occurs predominantly in infants and children, and the most crucial complication of KD is coronary artery aneurysm (CAA). Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like protein 1A (TL1A) is a member of the TNF superfamily, which possesses the ability of maintaining vascular homeostasis and regulating immune response. This study aims to examine the serum TL1A levels in KD patients, and to investigate the relationship between TL1A and CAAs in children with KD.Methods: Blood samples were recruited from 119 KD patients, 35 febrile controls (FCs) and 37 healthy controls (HCs). The KD group was further divided into KD with CAAs (KD-CAAs) and KD non-CAAs (KD-NCAAs) groups. Serum TL1A levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and clinical parameters were collected in KD patients. Results: Serum TL1A levels in the acute phase of KD patients were significantly higher than that in the FC and HC groups. In particular, serum TL1A were substantially increased in the KD-CAA group than that in the KD-NCAA group. Furthermore, TL1A levels were positively correlated with the duration of fever, time point of IVIG and WBC levels, but negatively correlated with levels of RBC, Hb and Albumin in the KD group. Conclusions: TL1A might be involved in the KD-associated vasculitis, and might be a factor in the development process of CAAs.
Exploring the Active Compounds of Traditional Mongolian Medicine Baolier Capsule (BLEC) in Patients with CAD Based on Network Pharmacology Analysis and Molecular Docking Method
Authors: Wei Mengqiu , Liu Jun , Lai Jun , Leng Meifang , Ye Zebing , Guo Kai 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Baolier Capsule (BLEC) is a Traditional Mongolian Medicine comprising of fifteen herbs. In China, this medicine has been used to treat CAD for many years. However, the molecular mechanism of BLEC in the treatment of CAD is not yet fully understood. Hence, this study aims to illustrate the synergistic mechanism of BLEC in the treatment of CAD by using network pharmacology method and molecular docking. Searching and screening the active ingredients of different herbs in BLEC and target genes related to CAD in multiple databases. Subsequently, STRING and Cytoscape were used to analyze and construct the PPI network. In addition, clustering and topological analysis are used to analyze the PPI network. Then, using R project for GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. Finally, AutoDock was used to verify the binding ability between the active ingredient and the key target through molecular docking. There are 144 active components and 80 CAD-related targets that are identified in BLEC in the treatment of CAD. What is more, 8 core genes (AKT1, EGFR, FOS, etc.) were obtained by clustering and topological analysis. Further, GO and KEGG analysis showed that fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis is the key pathways for RWW to treat CAD. These results were validated by molecular docking method. Our research firstly revealed the basic pharmacological effects and relevant mechanisms of the BLEC in the treatment of CAD. The prediction results might facilitate the development of BLEC or its active compounds as alternative therapy for CAD. Our research first revealed the basic pharmacological effects and related mechanisms of BLEC in the treatment of CAD. The predicted results provide some theoretical support for BLEC or its important active ingredients to treat CAD.
Willingness for COVID-19 Vaccination and Influencing factors in Nurses from Tangshan City, China: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Wang Yunlong , Dong Lihuan , Liang Yajing , Guo Zonghai , Cheng Jie , Liu Yujing , Li Yanying 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: To understand the willingness of nurses from Tangshan City to undergo Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination and identify its influencing factors.Methods: In January 2021, 255 nurses from five medical institutions across Tangshan City were investigated through convenience sampling on a network platform of Sojump. Furthermore, SPSS Statistics v24.0 software was used for general descriptive analysis, rank-sum test and binary logistic regression analysis to analyse willingness rates for COVID-19 vaccination and corresponding influencing factors.Results: A total of 255 valid questionnaires were collected (recovery rate, 85.71%). Among the 255 nurses surveyed, the willingness rate was 67.8%. The major reasons for willingness to undergo COVID-19 vaccination included a high-risk work environment necessitating COVID-19 vaccination (87.9%), expected benefits to themselves and others (72.8%) and worries regarding COVID-19 infection (66.5%). Meanwhile, reasons for unwillingness to undergo COVID-19 vaccination in 82 nurses included concerns regarding safety (89.0%), effectiveness (62.2%) and the possibility of fake vaccines (32.9%). Furthermore, among the 255 nurses, 43.9% were willing to recommend COVID-19 vaccination (n = 112), with the main reasons being prevention of COVID-19 infection (100.0%) and herd immunity via universal vaccination (90.2%). Moreover, the main reasons for unwillingness to recommend COVID-19 vaccination included poor popularity and wait-and-see attitude (85.3%) and hesitancy to recommend given the absence of COVID-19 vaccines (67.1%). With regard to attitude towards COVID-19 vaccine marketing, 149 (58.5%) nurses expressed favour, 101 (39.6%) nurses took a neutral position and 5 (1.9%) expressed displeasure. Univariate analysis revealed that male nurses, as well as those who actively inquired and sought information on COVID-19 vaccines, had significantly higher willingness for vaccination compared to female nurses and those not actively seeking information (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, binary logistic regression analysis indicated that gender, degree of education, working years and active inquiry or search for vaccine information were associated with willingness for COVID-19 vaccination (P < 0.05).Conclusion: This study highlights the need for further improving the willingness of nurses from Tangshan City to undergo and recommend COVID-19 vaccination. Relevant departments should therefore publicise information regarding COVID-19 vaccines for medical staff to ensure the safe and effective promotion thereof.
The Relationship among Negative Peer Pressure, Drinking alcohol and Early sexual engagement among secondary school students’ in Assosa Zone, West of Ethiopia
Authors: Wubet Demelash 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Sexual and reproductive health problems are the main causes of death, psychological abnormality, disability, and disease among young people in the world particularly in Ethiopia. Adolescents represent one of the groups at highest risk for HIV infection.Objectives: Examined the relationship among negative peer pressure, drinking alcohol and early sexual engagement.Methods: This study employed correlation research design and closed – ended questionnaires for 355 randomly selected (177 females and 178 males).Results: Negative peer pressure was significantly correlated with drinking alcohol and early sexual engagement (r =-.193, p = .010) and (r = .167, p = .006) respectively. Additionally, drinking alcohol also was correlated significantly and positively with early sexual engagement (r =.151, p= .000). But, there was no statistically significant gender difference on negative peer pressure, drinking alcohol and early sexual engagement (p > 0.05). The variables, negative peer pressure and drinking alcohol jointly contributed .532 (53.2%) of the variance on early sexual engagement (p <0.05). Relative contribution of negative peer pressure and drinking alcohol on early sexual engagement is-.362 (36.2%) and-.454 (45.4%) respectively.Conclusions: as negative peer pressure increases students' drinking alcohol and early sexual engagement also increases. Similarly, when drinking alcohol increases students' early sexual engagement also increases. Both negative peer pressure and drinking alcohol were the contributing factors of early sexual engagement.
Prognostic Value of Admission Blood Urea Nitrogen/Creatinine Ratio in Patients with STEMI Undergoing Late Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Dong Caijuan , Xue Yanbo , Fan Yan , Zhang Ruochen , Feng Yunfei , Wang Yamei , Kou Puqing , Li Guoli , Ma Aiqun , Wang Tingzhong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective: Numerous patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), especially in developing countries, undergo late percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), defined as time of PCI > 24 hours from symptom onset. This study is aimed to identify the predictive value of admission blood urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio (BUN/Cr) on long-term all-cause mortality and cardiac mortality in STEMI patients receiving late PCI. Methods: Eligible STEMI patients who received late PCI between 2009 and 2011 were consecutively enrolled. They were classified into two groups based on the median BUN/Cr: low BUN/Cr group and high BUN/Cr group. Patients were followed up by phone or face to face interviews and medical records review. The primary endpoint was defined as all-cause mortality and cardiac mortality. Results: 780 STEMI patients were enrolled finally. The median BUN/Cr was 14.29. The median follow-up period was 41 months, with 37 all-cause deaths and 25 cardiac deaths. Compared to the low BUN/Cr group, high BUN/Cr group had higher all-cause mortality (6.4% vs. 3.1%, P=0.029), and cardiac mortality (6.3% vs. 1.5%, P<0.001). The Cox proportional hazard analysis revealed that high BUN/Cr at admission was an independent predictor of long-term cardiac mortality (P=0.003), but not of all-cause mortality (P=0.077). Conclusions: High BUN/Cr ratio at admission was an independent predictor of cardiac mortality in STEMI patients receiving late PCI. Brief Summary: In a retrospective study of STEMI patients receiving late PCI, we found that high BUN/Cr ratio (BUN/Cr>14.29) at admission was an independent predictor of long-term cardiac mortality, but not of all-cause mortality. The study showed that BUN/Cr ratio could be a potential indicator of risk stratification models for STEMI patients undergoing late PCI.
Production of Transgenic Chimeric Chicken from Cryopreserved Primordial Germ Cells and its Validation by Developing shRNA Transgenic Chicken Chimera
Authors: Divya D , Shukla R , Chatterjee RN , Sagar G , Prasad A Rajendra , Bhattacharya Tarun K 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are precursors of gametes in birds. For ex-situ conservation and production of transgenic birds, there is a limitation for preservation of oocytes in birds as compared to other mammalian species. To overcome those limitations, PGCs have been used as candidate cells, which have been cryopreserved and manipulated and used as to produce transgenic birds. In this study, cryo-preserved PGCs were used to produce transgenic birds. The protocol for production of transgenic birds with cryo-preserved PGCs was developed and the success rate for production of transgenics 16.7% in the protocols established in the study. The same gene transfer protocol through PGCs was validated by transferring shRNA molecule of SREBP-1 gene to the host genome to produce transgenic chimeric birds and the success rate for production of transgenic chimeric chicken was 40%. Finally, it is concluded that a standard protocol for ex-situ conservation of birds through PGCs and production of transgenic birds from cryo-preserved PGCs and knock down birds from PGCs were developed. It may be suggested that these protocols for resurrecting live birds from cryo-preserved PGCs may be applied as model for protecting the endangered birds from their extinction.
How may COVID-19 viral membrane resist when exposed radiation to treatment : effects on Phospholipids and cholesterol
Authors: Khattari Z. , Sayyed M. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this report, we have investigated the ability of the essential phospholipids and cholesterol found viral membrane of SARS-COV-2 to protect it from the radiation exposure. The applied mehod was Geometric Progression fitting procedure to obtained numerically the atomic number equivalenace (Zeq), for any photon energy absorption exposure (EBF) and absorption (EABF) buildup factors. The used energy range E∈ [0.015,15] MeV up to an ultimate penetration length of 40 mpf for viral membrane essential components phospholipids and cholesterol. Most importantly, the calculated Zeq values were found to vary with incident photon energy and phospholipids compositions. Also, both EBF and EABF were depend strongly on the photon energy and penetration depths. For phospholipids, these two factors almost coincide in the energy range studied while it slightly different for cholesterol. At energies < 150 keV, both buildup factors were found to to inversely proportional to Zeq values of the phospholipids and cholesterol. The buildup factors EABF and EBF were found to be larger for cholesterol than other phospholipids at nearly 60 keV for COVID-19 viral membrane. The above results have shown that the viral membrane can resist the radiation effects and prevent the coronavirus form being inactivated when exposed to γ- or X-rays radiotherapy treatment in medical trails except for a specific radiation energy depending on the mfp (i.e., 60 keV at 5 mfp).
Clinical placement models for undergraduate health professions students: A scoping review
Authors: Nyoni Champion N. , Dyk Lizemari Hugo- Van , Botma Yvonne 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Clinical learning is fundamental to undergraduate health professions students. There are several calls for the transformation of health professions education, which have direct implications on clinical learning. Clinical placement models provide structure to clinical learning. Therefore, this scoping review could contribute to supporting curriculum transformation to enhance optimal learning in the clinical environments for undergraduate health professions students.Objectives: This scoping review identified the characteristics of research evidence related to mapping the purpose, methodologies used, outcomes, and specific recommendations associated with clinical placement models in undergraduate health professions education. Design: A scoping review methodology was used in this study. A search string developed from the title of the review was used to search online databases to identify research published between January 2000 and March 2020. Results: Forty-eight articles reporting on ten clinical placement models were included in this review. The majority of these articles originated from Australia and predominantly report on nursing. The aims of these articles aligned with the evaluation of the implementation of a clinical placement model. Seven categories of outcomes of the clinical placement models are reported namely, relationships, influence, environment, facilitation, inputs, knowledge scores, and student perceptions.Conclusions: As clinical learning is fundamental to undergraduate health professions education, clinical placement models should prioritise the development of competence among undergraduate students. Insights into outcomes reported in literature could guide educators in fostering optimal learning in students who may then be able to influence community health outcomes positively.
Cell-Specific Transcriptome of the COPD Alveolar Niche
Authors: Sauler Maor , McDonough John , Adams Taylor , Kotahpalli Neeharika , Schupp Jonas , Barnthaler Thomas , Robertson Matthew , Coarfa Cristian Coarfa , Yang Tao , Chioccioli Mauricio , Omote Norihito , Cosme Carlos , Poli Sergio , Ayaub Ehab , Chu Sarah , Jensen Klaus , Timshel Pascal , Gomez Jose , Britto Clemente , Raredon Micha Sam , Niklason Laura , Nouws Jessica , Kaminski Naftali , Rosas Ivan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a leading cause of death worldwide. To identify cell-specific mechanisms underlying COPD pathobiology, we analysed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) profiles of explanted lung tissue from subjects with advanced COPD or control lungs. Findings were validated with scRNAseq of lungs from mice exposed to 10 months of cigarette smoke (CS), isolated human alveolar epithelial cells, and immunostaining of human lung tissue samples. We identified a subpopulation of alveolar epithelial type II cells with transcriptional evidence for aberrant cellular metabolism and reduced cellular stress tolerance, exemplified by decreased expression of the stress-response gene NUPR1. Network analyses identified an important role for inflamed capillary endothelial cells in COPD, particularly through CXCL-motif chemokine signalling. Finally, we detected a metallothionein expressing macrophage subpopulation unique to COPD. Collectively, these findings highlight cell-specific mechanisms involved in the pathobiology of advanced COPD.