bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Histopathological Study of Epithelial, Melanocytic And Adnexal Tumors Of Skin- A Retrospective Study In A Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Pitla Sandhya , Dara Vijayasri 
Published: September 2021

Background and objectives: To classify and identify various skin tumors and study their variations according to age and sex. The most common predisposing factors being fair skin, sun exposure, chemical exposure, HPV infection in the setting of immunosuppression.
Methods: This was an observational study carried out in the Department of Pathology at private Medical College of coastal Andhra from July 2018 to June 2020.
Result: The present study included histopathological study of 71 cases of tumors of skin and its adnexae over a period of two years. Out of the 71 tumors, 43 were diagnosed as benign and 28 as malignant tumors of skin constituting 61% and 39% respectively. The ratio of benign to malignant tumors was 1:0.63. Among the 43 benign tumors 20 (46.5%) were tumors of skin appendages, 15 (34.9%) were tumors of epidermis, 8 (18.6%) were of melanocytic origin. Among the 28 malignant tumors 25 (89.3%) were tumors of epidermis, 2 (7.1%) were melanocytic tumors and 1 (3.6%) was tumor of skin appendages. Among the malignant epidermal tumors squamous cell carcinoma was the most common constituting 42.9% (12 cases).
Conclusion: The present study concludes that benign tumors are most common when compared to malignant tumors of skin. Among the malignant tumors, Squamous cell carcinoma falls as the most common variety of skin followed by Basal cell carcinoma and verrucous carcinoma. Among the benign tumors, tumors of epidermal origin are most frequent followed by tumors of sweat gland and adnexal-hair follicle origin.
Interaction of agonists of a different subtype of the nAChR and carvacrol with GABA in Ascaris suum somatic muscle contractions
Authors: Marjanović Djordje S. , Trailović Saša M. , Milovanović Mirjana 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Resistance of parasitic nematodes to anthelmintic drugs is a growing problem in human and veterinary medicine. The molecular mechanisms by which nematodes become resistant are different, but certainly one of the possible processes involves changing the drug binding site on the specific receptor. The significance of changes in individual subtypes of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) for the development of resistance has not been clarified in detail. This study investigates the interaction of antinematodal drugs, agonist of different types of nAChRs and carvacrol with gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) on the contractions of parasitic nematode A. suum. In our study, GABA (3 μM) produced significant increase of contractile EC50 value for pyrantel, and nonsignificant for bephenium and morantel, from 8.44 to 28.11 nM, 0.62 to 0.96 µM, and 3.72 to 5.69 nM, respectively. On the other hand, the maximal contractile effect (R
max) did not change in the presence of GABA. However, when A. summ muscle flaps were incubated with GABA 3 μM and carvacrol 100 μM, the EC50 value of pyrantel, bephenium, and morantel was increased significantly to 44.62 nM, 1.40 μM, and nonsignificantly to 7.94 nM, respectively. Furthermore, R
max decreased by 70, 60, and 65%. Presented results indicate that the combined use of GABA receptor agonists and nicotinic receptor antagonists can effectively inhibit the neuromuscular system of nematodes, even when one of the nicotinic receptor subtypes is dysfunctional, due to the potential development of resistance.
Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Syndrome
Authors: Okuniewicz Robert , Moos Łukasz , Brzoza Zenon 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome (SIBO) is a heterogeneous syndrome characterized by an increase in the number and/or presence of atypical bacteria in the small intestine. Aetiology of SIBO is usually complex, associated with disorders of protective antibacterial mechanisms such as achlorhydria, pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, immunodeficiency syndromes and anatomical abnormalities such as small intestinal obstruction, diverticula, fistulae, surgical blind loop, previous ileo-caecal resections and motility disorders. Clinical signs of SIBO may be non-specific. Most often there is dyspepsia, diarrhoea, bloating and abdominal discomfort. SIBO can sometimes lead to malebsorption, severe malenutrition and/or other syndromes associated with nutritional deficiency. The gold standard for diagnosing SIBO is still microbial investigation of jejunal aspirates. Non-invasive hydrogen breath tests are most commonly used for diagnosis of SIBO. Therapy for SIBO must be complex. It should include treatment of the underlying disease, nutritional support and cyclical gastro-intestinal selective antibiotics. Prognosis is usually serious, determined mostly by the underlying disease that led to SIBO.
Usefulness Of Microbial Cytotoxins In The Diagnosis Of Selected Bacterial Infections
Authors: Godkowicz Magdalena , Rudnicka Karolina 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The reaction of synergistic hemolysis, which is the basis of the CAMP test, is used in the preliminary identification of selected bacterial pathogens, including L. monocytogenes, C. perfringens, S. agalactiae. The experimental part was to determine the influence blood cells of used, incubation time, distance between growth lines and the type of strains on the intensity of CAMP. Synergistic hemolysis was observed in the classic CAMP test, when 10% human blood cell is used in the medium. It has been shown that the optimal substrate for the CAMP test to identify Listeria sp. is an agar with the 5% addition of human blood cells. While sheep’s erythrocytes were the best substrate for hemolysis of C. perfringens. The optimum distance and incubation time for the tested bacterial species was 1–4 mm and 24 h. When performing preliminary identification of pathogenic microorganisms using the CAMP test, different types of erythrocytes should be used, due to strain and species-specific variabilieties.
Enzymatic Hydrogen Bioproduction. Structure, Function And Application Of Hydrogenases
Authors: Witkowska Małgorzata , Żylicz-Stachula Agnieszka , Struck Anna 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Hydrogenases are multimeric metalloenzymes that are able to catalyze the reversible reaction of proton reduction to molecular hydrogen. These enzymes have been already used for small-scale hydrogen bioproduction. However, scaling up this process for industrial application requires genetic engineering of hydrogenases to improve their stability, as well as to develop a streamlined strategy for their production. The following article provides information on the structure, classification and applications of hydrogenases.
Computer Vision Syndrome Prevalence and Ocular Sequelae among Medical Students: A University-Wide Study on a Marginalized Visual Security Issue
Authors: Iqbal Mohammed , Elzembely Hosam , Elmassry Ahmed , Elgharieb Mervat , Assaf Ahmed , Ibrahim Ola , Soliman Ashraf 
Published: September 2021

Introduction:
This study aimed to discover and document the potential of visual and ocular sequelae of computer vision syndrome (CVS) among medical students.

Methods:
This cross-sectional case-control study was conducted on medical students (n=4030) of five universities in Egypt. All students completed a specially designed and validated CVS questionnaire survey (CVS-F3). Students with ≥5 CVS symptoms constituted a risk group (n=352), while students with 1-4 CVS symptoms constituted a low-symptoms group (n=3067). Students from the control and risk groups were examined using objective methods, such as visual acuity, subjective refraction, dry eye disease tests, and anterior segment and fundus examinations. Students who complained of visual blur underwent multifocal electroretinography mfERG examinations (mfERG group).

Results:
The CVS-F3 indicated that 84.8% of students had complaints that might be related to CVS, however, our ophthalmic examination group revealed only a 56% CVS prevalence rate. The most common single screen type used by 70.4% of students was the smartphone, and the most common complaint was headache (50.2%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that CVS was significantly associated with increased screen-hours, including >2 screen-hours daily (odds ratio [OR], 2.48; P<0.0001), >2 screen-hours at night (OR, 1.79; P=0.003), and ≥3 screen-years (OR, 1.69; P=0.006). In the mfERG group, 37% demonstrated reduced amplitudes of mfERG rings and quadrants, indicating reduced foveal responses.

Conclusion:
CVS-questionnaires overestimate the true CVS prevalence and sequelae, which could be accurately detected by objective ophthalmic examination. Smartphones primarily caused CVS among students, with CVS severity increasing in correlation with shorter eye-to-screen distance and frequent use. Contact lens wearing doubled the risk of CVS development and augmented its severity. CVS might affect macular integrity with screen-induced foveal dysfunction.

Clinical Trials Registration:
PACTR201811618954630.
The European identity in the classical psyche of Greece: Between values and strategic vision
Authors: Balla Evanthia 
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this article is to provide a reference appropriate to both current specialists in the field of International and European Studies and those delving into the subject for the first time. As Greece celebrates 200 years since the launch of the Greek Struggle for Independence (1821-2021) and the 40th anniversary of Greece's accession to the European Communities (now European Union), this article aims at a reflective analysis across the key themes that have shaped Greece’s strategic identity, from 1821 until the recent financial crisis.

The current study reviews the existing literature on the subject and outlines an agenda for future research to build up knowledge and awareness on the importance of deepening our knowledge on the distinct strategic identities of the various EU Member-States. It comprises conceptual and empirical dimensions to deepen the appreciation on Greek politics, institutions, and policies and to connect them to a wider, international historical context. The main argument is that Greece has made strategic choices responding to the international political environment over time, in which the liaison between its classical legacy, Europe and the West have always been present.
App Designs and Interactive Features to Increase mHealth Adoption: User Expectation Survey and Experiment
Authors: Lazard Allison J , Babwah Brennen J Scott , Belina Stephanie P 
Published: September 2021

Background
Despite the ubiquity of smartphones, there is little guidance for how to design mobile health apps to increase use. Specifically, knowing what features users expect, grab their attention, encourage use (via predicted use or through positive app evaluations), and signal beneficial action possibilities can guide and focus app development efforts.

Objective
We investigated what features users expect and how the design (prototypicality) impacts app adoption.

Methods
In a web-based survey, we elicited expectations, including presence and placement, for 12 app features. Thereafter, participants (n=462) viewed 2 health apps (high prototypicality similar to top downloaded apps vs low prototypicality similar to research interventions) and reported willingness to download, attention, and predicted use of app features. Participants rated both apps (high and low) for aesthetics, ease of use, usefulness, perceived affordances, and intentions to use.

Results
Most participants (425/462, 92%) expected features for navigation or personal settings (eg, menu) in specific regions (eg, top corners). Features with summary graphs or statics were also expected by many (395-396 of 462, 86%), with a center placement expectation. A feature to “share with friends” was least expected among participants (203/462, 44%). Features fell into 4 unique categories based on attention and predicted use, including essential features with high (>50% or >231 of 462) predicted use and attention (eg, calorie trackers), flashy features with high attention but lower predicted use (eg, links to specific diets), functional features with modest attention and low use (eg, settings), and mundane features with low attention and use (eg, discover tabs). When given a choice, 347 of 462 (75%) participants would download the high-prototypicality app. High prototypicality apps (vs low) led to greater aesthetics, ease of use, usefulness, and intentions, (for all, P<.001). Participants thought that high prototypicality apps had more perceived affordances.

Conclusions
Intervention designs that fail to meet a threshold of mHealth expectations will be dismissed as less usable or beneficial. Individuals who download health apps have shared expectations for features that should be there, as well as where these features should appear. Meeting these expectations can improve app evaluations and encourage use. Our typology should guide presence and placement of expected app features to signal value and increase use to impact preventive health behaviors. Features that will likely be used and are attention-worthy—essential, flashy, and functional—should be prioritized during app development.
Numerical simulation of the transverse flow over spans of girder bridges
Authors: Gosteev Yu. A. , Obukhovskiy A. D. , Salenko S. D. 
Published: September 2021

Introduction. The technique of numerical modeling of the transverse flow over span structures of bridges on the basis of the two-dimensional URANS (Unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes) approach used in the modern methods and software packages for computational fluid dynamics is verified. The work objective was debugging and experimental substantiation of this technique with the use of the database on the aerodynamic characteristics of the cross-sections of span structures of girder bridges of standard shapes pre-developed by the authors.Materials and Methods. A numerical simulation of the transverse flow of low-turbulent (smooth) and turbulent air flows around the bridge structures in a range of practically interesting attack angles is carried out. SST k − ω turbulence model was used as the closing one. The technique was preliminarily tested on the check problem for the flow of the rectangular crosssection beams. Calculations were carried out using the licensed ANSYS software.Research Results. The calculated dependences on the attack angle of the aerodynamic coefficients of forces (drag and lift) and the moment of the cross sections of the girder bridges of standard shapes are obtained. These data refer to the span structures at the construction phase (without deck and parapets, without parapets) and operation phase, under the conditions of model smooth and turbulent incoming flow. The latter allows us to outline the boundaries for more weighted estimates of the aerodynamic characteristics of thegirder bridges in a real wind current. The best agreement with the experimental data was obtained from the drag of the cross-section. The magnitude of the lifting force is more sensitive to the presence and extent of the separation regions, so its numerical determination is less accurate. The reproduction of the angle-of-attack effect on the aerodynamic moment of the cross-section is the most challenging for the majority of configurations.Discussion and Conclusions. Comparison of the calculated and experimental data indicates the applicability of the URANS approach to the operational prediction of the aerodynamic characteristics of the single-beam span structures. In the case of multi-beam span structures, where the aerodynamic interference between separate girders plays an important role, the URANS approach must apparently give way to more accurate eddy-resolving methods. The results obtained can be used in the aerodynamic analysis of structures and in practice of the relevant design organizations in the field of transport construction.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI PROGRAM BUNTAH (SABUN MINYAK JELANTAH)
Authors: Tarkono Tarkono , Arif Alferidho , Fadilla Tria , Pahlevie Muhammad Reza , Safitri Vina Anggraini , Ivansyah Muhammad Aldi , Wasi Nur Syafira , Jannah Izzatul 
Published: September 2021

Abstrak

Limbah minyak goreng (minyak jelantah) yang berasal dari sector rumah tangga maupun kegiatan industri makanan dapat memberikan dampak negatif bagi lingkungan dan kelangsungan hidup manusia jika tidak ditangani dengan baik. Salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan yaitu dengan mengadakan kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat untuk mengelola limbah minyak jelantah menjadi barang yang memiliki nilai jual , misalnya sabun. Proses pembuatan sabun meliputi persiapan alat dan bahan, melakukan penjernihan minyak jelantah, pencampuran semua bahan, pencetakan dan pengemasan. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat terkait dengan pengelolaan minyak jelantah menjadi sabun melalui beberapa tahapan kegiatan. Dimulai dengan melakukan sosialisasi, penyuluhan, praktek pembuatan sabun dan evaluasi serta pendampingan. Program pemberdayaan masyarakat ini dapat mendukung terciptanya lingkungan yang produktif, ekonomi mandiri dan juga kreatifitas masyarakat. Produk sabun yang dihasilkan memiliki beberapa keunggulan dari produk sabun pada umumnya yakni, ramah lingkungan karena menggunakan bahan-bahan alami sebagai komposisi pelengkap. Memiliki nilai estetika dalam hal bentuk, warna, dan aroma. Kemudian, sabun ini pula merupakan suistainable product yang minim resiko pemakaian.
Kata kunci : minyak goreng bekas, sabun, pemberdayaan masyarakat.

Abstract

Cooking oil waste (used cooking oil) originating from the household sector and food industry activities can have a negative impact on the environment and human survival if not handled properly. One of the ways that can be done is by holding community empowerment activities to manage used cooking oil waste into goods that have a selling value, for example soap. The process of making soap includes preparing tools and materials, purifying used cooking oil, mixing all ingredients, printing and packaging. The implementation of community empowerment activities related to the management of used cooking oil into soap through several stages of activity. Starting with socialization, counseling, soap making practice and evaluation and assistance. This community empowerment program can support the creation of a productive environment, an independent economy and community creativity. The resulting soap products have several advantages over soap products in general, namely, they are environmentally friendly because they use natural ingredients as a complementary composition. Has aesthetic value in terms of shape, color and aroma. Then, this soap is also a sustainable product that has minimal risk of use.
Keywords:used cooking oil, soap, community empowerment
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI AUDIT DELAY PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA TAHUN 2013-2015
Authors: Fanny Dimas Rijalul , Septiyanti Ratna , Sukmasari Dewi 
Published: September 2021

This study aims to examine the factors that affect audit delay of financial reports on the manufacturing companies listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The examined factors of this research are profitability, solvability and firm size as the independent variables while audit delay as the dependent variable. Audit delay measured from the year of closure years of the book to the date issued the audit report.
The sample in this research was secondary data and selected by using purposive sampling method consisting of 246 companies listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) and submitted financial reports consistently in the period 2013-2015. The analysis method of this research used multiple regression analysis.
The result of this research showed that profitability and firm size had negative influence to audit delay. Meanwhile solvability did not have any effect to audit delay.
Penanaman Nilai-nilai Multikulturalisme melalui Lembaga Pendidikan Madrasah Diniyyah
Authors: Bahtiar Muhammad Afri 
Published: September 2021

Abstrak
Demokrasi, toleransi dan kerukunan merupakan beberapa nilai yang terangkum dalam konsep nilai multikulturalisme. Ketiganya menjadi nilai-nilai yang fundamental untuk dipahami masyarakat dalam proses berbangsa dan bernegara. Ketiganya akan mampu dipahami dan diaktualisasikan ketika ditanamkan dengan baik. Salah satu lading untuk menanamkan nilai-nilai multikulturalisme tersebut adalah melalui proses pendidikan yang berwawasan multikultural. Proses pendidikan untuk menanamkan nilai-nilai tersebut seyogyanya dilakukan melalui segala lini pendidikan, baik lembaga pendidikan formal maupun lembaga pendidikan masyarakat. Salah satu lembaga yang patut diberikan perhatian adalah madrasah diniyyah. Lembaga ini selain lembaga yang fleksibel juga merupakan lembaga yang berada pada tataran akar rumput masyarakat. Dengan demikian mengembangkan lembaga ini menjadi lembaga yang siap mentransformasikan nilai-nilai multikulturalisme. Beberapa hal yang harus dilakukan adalah: (a) menata ulang kurikulum dan pembelajaran; (b) menyiapkan tenaga pendidik unggul, (c) membuat program kerukunan lintas agama dan budaya, dan (d) menyadarkan masyarakat akan pentingnya madrasah diniyyah.
Kata Kunci: Multikulturlisme, Nilai-nilai Multikulturalisme, Madrasah Diniyyah Multikultural
Kedudukan dan Pengelolaan Konflik dalam Organisasi Pendidikan
Authors: Mustofa Bisri , Sunhaji Sunhaji 
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this paper is to describe the position and management of conflict in educational organizations. it is a way of maintaining harmonious relationships at school. Harmonious relationships at school will make the learning environment comfortable and conducive to the learning process. Harmonious relationships at school will make the learning environment comfortable and conducive to the learning process. And vice versa, if the relationship between members of educational organizations is disharmonious, it can lead to an uncomfortable learning environment. This disharmonious relationship is usually caused by conflicts between individuals in schools. Conflict can become a serious problem in any organization, regardless of the form and level of complexity of the school organization, if the conflict is allowed to drag on without resolution. Therefore, the expertise to manage conflict is needed for every leader of educational organizations
Keyword: Position and conflict management, Educational Organization