bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A deep‐sea bacterium related to coastal marine pathogens
Authors: Lasa Aide , Auguste Manon , Lema Alberto , Oliveri Caterina , Borello Alessio , Taviani Elisa , Bonello Guido , Doni Lapo , Millard Andrew D. , Bruto Maxime , Romalde Jesus L. , Yakimov Michail , Balbi Teresa , Pruzzo Carla , Canesi Laura , Vezzulli Luigi 
Published: June 2021

SummaryEvolution of virulence traits from adaptation to environmental niches other than the host is probably a common feature of marine microbial pathogens, whose knowledge might be crucial to understand their emergence and pathogenetic potential. Here, we report genome sequence analysis of a novel marine bacterial species, Vibrio bathopelagicus sp. nov., isolated from warm bathypelagic waters (3309 m depth) of the Mediterranean Sea. Interestingly, V. bathopelagicus sp. nov. is closely related to coastal Vibrio strains pathogenic to marine bivalves. V. bathopelagicus sp. nov. genome encodes genes involved in environmental adaptation to the deep‐sea but also in virulence, such as the R5.7 element, MARTX toxin cluster, Type VI secretion system and zinc‐metalloprotease, previously associated with Vibrio infections in farmed oysters. The results of functional in vitro assays on immunocytes (haemocytes) of the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis and the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, and of the early larval development assay in Mytilus support strong toxicity of V. bathopelagicus sp. nov. towards bivalves. V. bathopelagicus sp. nov., isolated from a remote Mediterranean bathypelagic site, is an example of a planktonic marine bacterium with genotypic and phenotypic traits associated with animal pathogenicity, which might have played an evolutionary role in the origin of coastal marine pathogens.
Doom and Gloom: The Future of the World at the End of the Eighteenth Century
Authors: Weber Lina 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis article challenges the widely held assumption that Thomas Robert Malthus was a lonely pessimist in the late eighteenth century. Interpreting the sources that Malthus had used to write his Essay on the Principle of Population as predictions of the future, the article argues that Malthus inherited a sense of looming doom from his predecessors. In the second half of the eighteenth century, David Hume, Adam Smith, Richard Price, and Thomas Paine predicted Britain's ruin through national bankruptcy. Although Malthus, too, expressed anxiety about excessive growth, he changed the parameters by worrying about overpopulation, rather than overspending. By considering Malthus in the context in which he originally formulated his famous principle of population, this article sheds new light on what he was doing when he first published his Essay in 1798.
Driving lateral collaboration effectiveness across multinational enterprises: The antecedents and consequences
Authors: Chen Iris S. Y. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn the face of increasing global uncertainty, multinational enterprises (MNEs) have turned to downsizing to maintain profitability while emphasizing lateral collaboration to increase productivity. Here, we establish a conceptual framework and examine from a macro‐to‐micro perspective how the growing subjects of subsidiary role change, team alignment and employee engagement impact lateral collaboration. We used structural equation modelling to analyse the results of 252 surveys given to MNE subsidiaries in the Taiwanese banking industry and found that employee engagement was central to driving lateral collaboration effectiveness, indicating that the subsidiary role is critical for boundary‐spanning activities and building bridges between various teams. These activities in turn enhance subsidiary performance and lead to better people development. Our findings demonstrate that bundling employee engagement with human resource practices is a strategic way of positioning for the evolution of subsidiary management.
Impact of Wetlands Loss and Migration, Induced by Climate Change, on Chesapeake Bay DO Standards
Authors: Cerco Carl F. , Tian Richard 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA predictive wetlands module is added to an existing eutrophication model of Chesapeake Bay in order to evaluate the impact of wetlands loss and migration on dissolved oxygen (DO) standards. Loss and migration are expected due to increases in sea level associated with climate change. The module calculates fluxes of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus between wetlands and the adjacent water column. Calculations are performed for a range of sea‐level increments up to 1 m. Wetlands areas, as a function of sea level, are obtained from an existing, independent, model applied to Chesapeake Bay. The results indicate two risks to DO standards. The first results from wetlands loss and simultaneous reductions in nutrient removal and burial by wetlands. Reduction in burial is the equivalent of a nutrient load increase and produces diminished DO in deep water and deep channel portions of the Bay. The second risk results from wetlands migration into upland areas adjoining shallow embayments and tidal fresh waters of the Bay. An increase in wetlands area in these regions may result in diminished DO concentration in adjacent open water due to direct wetlands respiration.
Assessing Fish Habitat and the Effects of an Emergency Drought Barrier on Estuarine Turbidity Using Satellite Remote Sensing
Authors: Ade Christiana , Hestir Erin L. , Lee Christine M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractEstuaries worldwide are experiencing stress due to increased droughts, which often prompt intervention by environmental managers and government agencies. Effective management of water resources in estuarine systems can be enhanced by new technologies and methodologies to support decision‐making processes. Here, we evaluate the use of high‐frequency, high‐resolution satellite remote sensing within two management‐relevant case studies in the San Francisco Estuary and the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta. We used a remote sensing‐derived time series of turbidity maps to (1) identify favorable turbidity conditions for the endangered fish species, delta smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus), during the height of the great California drought in the dry season of 2015, and (2) evaluate changes in turbidity following the installation of an emergency saltwater intrusion barrier. The mapping results indicate several persistent areas of turbidity refugia throughout the summer in the north and west Delta; however, there was infrequent connectivity. A comparison of images captured during ebb tides before and after barrier installation showed a mean increase of 6.6 Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU) in the San Joaquin River and 4 NTU in Fisherman’s Cut. Our assessment of the barrier supports previous findings, which used field samples to conclude barrier installation may have resulted in increased turbidity near the barrier and enhances these findings by providing spatial context.
The LungVision navigational platform for peripheral lung nodule biopsy and the added value of cryobiopsy
Authors: Pertzov Barak , Gershman Evgeni , Izhakian Shimon , Heching Moshe , Amor Shai Moshe , Rosengarten Dror , Kramer Mordechai Reuven 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe LungVision system is a novel augmented‐fluoroscopy‐based real‐time navigation and guidance technology for bronchoscopy that can be integrated with any standard biopsy tool, including the cryoprobe, to enable real‐time visualization and localization of pulmonary nodules.ObjectivesTo evaluate the diagnostic yield and safety among patients undergoing peripheral pulmonary nodule biopsy with the LungVision system.MethodsThis prospective, single‐center study was conducted at Rabin Medical Center in Israel. All patients that underwent peripheral pulmonary nodule biopsy with the LungVision system from January 2016 to August 2020 were included. All procedures were performed under moderate sedation. The primary outcome was tissue diagnosis by either identification of malignant cells or benign diagnosis. Secondary outcomes were safety and the added value of cryobiopsy.ResultsSixty‐three procedures were performed during the study period. Median lesion size (interquartile range) was 25.0 mm (18–28 mm). The diagnostic yield overall was 27/33 (81.8%) and for lesions smaller than 20 mm was 13/18 (72.2%). In nine cases the transbronchial cryobiopsy showed tissue with malignant cells that were not found in any other biopsy material taken with other sampling tools. One patient was treated with a chest tube for a pneumothorax. No other major complications were reported.ConclusionsThe LungVision system showed good feasibility and safety for peripheral pulmonary nodule biopsy. The system is compatible with all biopsy tools, including the cryoprobe. Randomized controlled trials are needed to accurately ascertain its diagnostic yield.
Quality of recovery in patients under low‐ or standard‐pressure pneumoperitoneum. A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Moro Eduardo T. , Pinto Persio C. C. , Neto Antônio J. M. M. , Hilkner Augusto L. , Salvador Luis F. P. , da Silva Beatriz R. D. , Souto Isabella G. , Boralli Renata , Bloomstone Joshua 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundThe use of low‐pressure pneumoperitoneum seems to be capable of reducing complications such as post‐operative pain. However, the quality of evidence supporting this conclusion is low. Both the lack of investigator blinding to both intra‐abdominal pressure and to method of neuromuscular blockade represent key sources of bias. Hence, this prospective, randomised, and double‐blind study aimed to compare the quality of recovery (Questionnaire QoR‐40) of patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under low‐pressure and standard‐pressure pneumoperitoneum. We tested the hypothesis that low pneumoperitoneum pressure enhances the quality of recovery following LC.MethodsEighty patients who underwent elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly divided into two groups, a low‐pressure (10 mm Hg) pneumoperitoneum group and a standard‐pressure (14 mm Hg) pneumoperitoneum group. For all participants, the value of the insufflation pressure was kept hidden and only the nurse responsible for the operating room was aware of it. Deep neuromuscular blockade was induced for all cases [train‐of‐four (TOF) = 0; post‐tetanic count (PTC) > 0]. The quality of recovery was assessed on the morning of first post‐operative day.ResultsNo difference was found in either total score or in its different dimensions according to the QoR‐40 questionnaire. The patients in the low‐pressure pneumoperitoneum group experienced more pain during forced coughing measured at 4 hours (median difference [95% CI], 1 [0‐2]; P = .030), 8 hours (1 [0‐2]; P = .030) and 12 hours (0 [0‐1] P = .025) after discharge from the post‐anaesthesia care unit, when compared with those in the standard‐pressure pneumoperitoneum group.ConclusionWe thus conclude that the use of low‐pressure pneumoperitoneum during elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy does not improve the quality of recovery.
Debt, Corruption, and State Identity: Lessons from Eighteenth‐Century Political Thought
Authors: Sparling Robert 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe subject of national debt raises serious questions concerning state identity. Should a state that has radically altered its constitution be responsible for decisions taken by the previous state? Much hangs on how we characterize the state as a continuous agent. This article explores debates over national debt, state integrity, and corruption in the eighteenth century, the era in which the modern financial‐bureaucratic state was in its infancy. Many eighteenth‐century writers treated national debt as corrupting; some advocated voluntary default as a manner of laying low the insidious “moneyed interests” usurping political power. But if public debt was attacked by some as the soul of corruption, others saw it as something that had been made possible by—and was a guarantor of—integrity. These controversies reveal a clash of visions of what constitutes state integrity. This same clash is alive in contemporary debates about national debts.
COVID‐19 pandemic and population‐level pregnancy and neonatal outcomes: a living systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Yang Jie , D’Souza Rohan , Kharrat Ashraf , Fell Deshayne B. , Snelgrove John W. , Murphy Kellie E. , Shah Prakesh S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntroductionConflicting reports of increases and decreases in rates of preterm birth (PTB) and stillbirth in the general population during the COVID‐19 pandemic have surfaced. The objective of our study was to conduct a living systematic review and meta‐analyses of studies reporting pregnancy and neonatal outcomes by comparing the pandemic and pre‐pandemic periods.Material and methodsWe searched PubMed and Embase databases, reference lists of articles published up until 14 May 2021 and included English language studies that compared outcomes between the COVID‐19 pandemic time period and pre‐pandemic time periods. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale. We conducted random‐effects meta‐analysis using the inverse variance method.ResultsThirty‐seven studies with low‐to‐moderate risk of bias, reporting on 1 677 858 pregnancies during the pandemic period and 21 028 650 pregnancies during the pre‐pandemic period, were included. There was a significant reduction in unadjusted estimates of PTB (28 studies, unadjusted odds ratio [uaOR] 0.94, 95% confidence [CI] 0.91–0.98) but not in adjusted estimates (six studies, adjusted OR [aOR] 0.95, 95% CI 0.80–1.13). The reduction was noted in studies from single centers/health areas (uaOR 0.90, 95% CI 0.86–0.94) but not in regional/national studies (uaOR 0.99, 95% CI 0.95–1.03). There was reduction in spontaneous PTB (five studies, uaOR 0.89, 95% CI 0.82–0.98) and induced PTB (four studies, uaOR 0.90, 95% CI 0.81–1.00). There was no reduction in PTB when stratified by gestational age <34, <32 or <28 weeks. There was no difference in stillbirths between the pandemic and pre‐pandemic time periods (21 studies, uaOR 1.08, 95% CI 0.94–1.23; four studies, aOR 1.06, 95% CI 0.81–1.38). There was an increase in birthweight (six studies, mean difference 17 g, 95% CI 7–28 g) during the pandemic period. There was an increase in maternal mortality (four studies, uaOR 1.15, 95% CI 1.05–1.26), which was mostly influenced by one study from Mexico. There was significant publication bias for the outcome of PTB.ConclusionsThe COVID‐19 pandemic time period may be associated with a reduction in PTB; however, referral bias cannot be excluded. There was no difference in stillbirth between the pandemic and pre‐pandemic period.
“Time window” effect of Yoda1‐evoked Piezo1 channel activity during mouse skeletal muscle differentiation
Authors: Bosutti Alessandra , Giniatullin Arthur , Odnoshivkina Yulia , Giudice Luca , Malm Tarja , Sciancalepore Marina , Giniatullin Rashid , D'Andrea Paola , Lorenzon Paola , Bernareggi Annalisa 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimMechanosensitive Piezo1 ion channels emerged recently as important contributors to various vital functions including modulation of the blood supply to skeletal muscles. The specific Piezo1 channel agonist Yoda1 was shown to regulate the tone of blood vessels similarly to physical exercise. However, the direct role of Piezo1 channels in muscle function has been little studied so far. We therefore investigated the action of Yoda1 on the functional state of skeletal muscle precursors (satellite cells and myotubes) and on adult muscle fibres.MethodsImmunostaining, electrophysiological intracellular recordings and Ca2+ imaging experiments were performed to localize and assess the effect of the chemical activation of Piezo1 channels with Yoda1, on myogenic precursors, adult myofibres and at the adult neuromuscular junction.ResultsPiezo1 channels were detected by immunostaining in satellite cells (SCs) and myotubes as well as in adult myofibres. In the skeletal muscle precursors, Yoda1 treatment stimulated the differentiation and cell fusion rather than the proliferation of SCs. Moreover, in myotubes, Yoda1 induced significant [Ca2+]i transients, without detectable [Ca2+]i response in adult myofibres. Furthermore, although expression of Piezo1 channels was detected around the muscle endplate region, Yoda1 application did not alter either the nerve‐evoked or spontaneous synaptic activity or muscle contractions in adult myofibres.ConclusionOur data indicate that the chemical activation of Piezo1 channels specifically enhances the differentiation of skeletal muscle precursors, suggesting a possible new strategy to promote muscle regeneration.
Revisiting the Singaporean values to welfare as foundational ideas of Central Provident Fund development
Authors: Yuda Tauchid Komara , Pratiyudha Pinurba Parama , Kafaa Kafa Abdallah 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis succinct review returns to the debate on political‐culture and Singaporean social policy nexus that has been abandoned since 2000. They put the spotlight on the social policy through the Confucian lens, examining to what extent Confucianism teaching was conditioned in formal welfare provisions. Yet, they are too focused on the common idea of Confucianism while overlooking the original idea of Singaporean value promoted by Lee Kuan Yew. Hence, this article raises the discussion of the links of Singaporean values and the Central Provident Found (CPF) which have barely been highlighted in the literature. Singaporean values are hybrid between Confucianism and Western values. This article argues that although the CPF has expanded in terms of features and benefits, it has not crossed the line that separates Singapore from Western models. Because of its Singaporean values, the country does not follow the typical European model, which is being adopted by other East Asian countries. This article concludes the CPF not only reflects its centrality to Singaporean values but also as a value stabilizer that has long history in contributing to Singaporean nation‐building.
Does sequencing matter? A cross‐over randomized trial to evaluate a bi‐level community‐based intervention to improve oral hygiene among vulnerable adults
Authors: Reisine Susan , Schensul Jean J. , Salvi Apoorva , Grady James , Ha Toan , Li JiangHong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate whether the cumulative effect of an individual‐level intervention followed by a building‐level intervention, both based on Fishbein's Integrated Model of Behavior Change, has a better effect on oral hygiene clinical outcomes than the sequence of the building‐level intervention followed by the individual‐level intervention; to determine the added effect of each intervention on the other; to identify the psychosocial mechanisms that might explain the differences.MethodsSix low‐income senior housing complexes were enrolled in the study, and participants were recruited from these buildings. Buildings were randomly assigned to receive either the individual counselling intervention first followed by the building‐level intervention, or the building‐level intervention first followed by the individual intervention. Participants were assessed for gingival inflammation using the gingival index (GI) and plaque scores (PS) at T0, prior to the interventions, T1, about one month after each intervention and T2, about a month after the interventions switched and were completed. Data were collected on background moderators and cognitive/emotional/behavioural mediators in surveys administered at T0, T1 and T2. General linear mixed models were used to assess changes over time by condition and to analyse the effects of moderators and mediators over time.ResultsThree hundred and thirty‐one people completed T0; 306 completed T1 assessments (92.4% retention rate) and 285 completed T2 assessments (86.1% retention rate). All participants improved on GI and PS at T1 and T2 compared to T0. Those in the individual‐level intervention condition improved more than those in the building‐level condition. Those who were in the building‐level intervention followed by the individual intervention continued to improve on GI from T1 to T2. Those in the individual‐based intervention followed by the building intervention did not improve significantly from T1 to T2 but remained about the same. For PS, neither group improved significantly from T1 to T2. Several cognitive/behavioural variables significantly affected improvements in GI and PS.ConclusionsBoth interventions were successful in improving GI and PS. The building‐level intervention did not provide much additional benefit when it followed the individual intervention although it may have had a sustaining effect. The findings on the cognitive/emotional/behavioural variables support the importance of these factors and should be considered when implementing oral hygiene interventions.
Long‐term quality of life, sexual health and gastrointestinal function following colorectal cancer resection in an Asian cohort
Authors: Seow‐En Isaac , Chok Aik Yong , Matchar David Bruce , Yoon Sungwon , Chong Dawn Qingqing , Tan Emile Kwong‐Wei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimAs populations age and cancer management improves, long‐term survivorship and quality‐of‐life (QOL) outcomes are becoming equally important as oncological results. Data from Asian populations are scarce. We aimed to evaluate the sexual health, gastrointestinal function and QOL amongst colorectal cancer survivors in a tertiary referral centre in Singapore.MethodAdults who had undergone elective curative surgery for non‐metastatic colorectal cancer at least 2 years prior were included. Exclusion criteria were cognitive disease, serious postoperative complications or recurrent cancer. Participants were invited to complete the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaires EORTC‐QLQ‐C30 and QLQ‐CR29. Using multiple bivariate analysis, r scores were used to examine relationship trends between QOL domains and survivor sociodemographic and disease‐specific characteristics.ResultsFrom February 2017 to July 2019, 400 responses were recorded. Median age and follow‐up duration were 64 years (range 32–90) and 78 months (interquartile range 49–113) respectively. Patients who had Stage III cancer had better overall QOL scores compared to Stage I/II. Rectal (vs. colon) cancer negatively influenced sexual health and gastrointestinal function, but did not appear to affect overall QOL. Amongst our cohort, 57% (n = 129) of men and 43% (n = 75) of women were sexually active. Markers of socioeconomic status, including employment, education and housing type, were found to significantly impact perception of various aspects of QOL.ConclusionKnowledge of factors which influence well‐being can identify individuals who may benefit from tailored management strategies. Regular patient–doctor contact may play a role in building and maintaining positive perspectives of cancer survivors. Normative data should be obtained from local populations to facilitate future comparative research.