bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nothing but Gold: Complexities in terms of Non-difference and Identity. Part 2. Contrasting Equivalence, Equality, Identity, and Non-difference
Authors: Anrò Alberto 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe present paper is a continuation of a previous one by the same title, the content of which faced the issue concerning the relations of coreference and qualification in compliance with the Navya-Nyāya theoretical framework, although prompted by the Advaita-Vedānta enquiry regarding non-difference. In a complementary manner, by means of a formal analysis of equivalence, equality, and identity, this section closes the loop by assessing the extent to which non-difference, the main issue here, cannot be reduced to any of the former. The following sections of this study will focus on the assessment of the eventual possibility of causation and transformation in non-difference.
Do Distinct Groups of Reactively and Proactively Aggressive Children Exist? A Confirmatory Latent Profile Approach
Authors: van Dijk Anouk , Hubbard Julie A. , Deschamps Peter K. H. , Hiemstra Wieteke , Polman Hanneke 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe present study examined whether there are distinct groups of children with reactive versus proactive motives for their aggressive behavior. We extended previous research by using a person-based analytical approach on data from a questionnaire assessing children’s motives independently from the severity of their aggression. Two competing hypotheses were tested. The both subtypes hypothesis holds that both reactive and proactive subtypes exist, as well as a mixed subtype. The reactive only hypothesis holds that only reactive and mixed subtypes exist. Hypotheses were tested on existing data from a community sample of children displaying aggression (Study 1: n = 228, ages 10–13, 54% boys), and two clinical samples of children with aggressive behavior problems (Study 2: n = 115, ages 8–13, 100% boys; Study 3: n = 123, ages 6–8, 78% boys). Teachers reported on children’s reactive and proactive motives. We selected measures available from peers, parents, teachers, and children themselves to compare the supported subtypes on variables that previous literature suggests uniquely correlate with reactive versus proactive aggression. Confirmatory latent profile analyses revealed that the both subtypes hypothesis best fit the data of all three samples. Most children were classified as reactive (55.7–61.8% across samples), with smaller percentages classified as proactive (10.4–24.1%) and mixed (18.0–33.9%). However, these subtypes only differed in expected directions on 7 out of 34 measures. Overall, results support the existence of both reactive and proactive subtypes of aggressive children, but the distinctiveness of these subtypes in terms of social-emotional characteristics warrants further study.
Mental Health and Religiosity in the Sardinian Blue Zone: Life Satisfaction and Optimism for Aging Well
Authors: Fastame Maria Chiara , Ruiu Marilena , Mulas Ilaria 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis study evaluated the impact of the sociocultural context on dispositional optimism and resilience, life satisfaction, and religiosity in late adulthood. Moreover, the associations between those psychological measures and religiosity were investigated. Ninety-five older individuals recruited in the Sardinian Blue Zone and Cagliari completed a battery of tools assessing cognitive and mental health, and religiosity. Life satisfaction correlated with resilience and religiosity, whereas resilience correlated with optimism. Furthermore, participants of the rural area reported greater optimism and life satisfaction than peers living in the urban area. In conclusion, optimism and hedonic well-being favor optimal aging in the Blue Zone.
Error Estimation of Linear Polarization Data from Coronagraphs – Application to STEREO-A/SECCHI-COR1 Observations
Authors: Inhester Bernd , Mierla Marilena , Shestov Sergei , Zhukov Andrei N. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe attempt to quantitatively study the uncertainties of the polarized brightness and for the polarization angle which are to be expected for measurements from noisy image detectors in classical coronagraphs. We derive the probability density functions (PDF) which apply to polarization observations with polarization filters at 0∘, 60∘ and 120∘. The noise in the directly observed image intensities is assumed to be normally distributed. We find that for low and medium signal-to-noise ratios the polarized brightness obeys a distribution with a strongly biased mean which, if not taken account of, leads to an overestimation of the polarized brightness and degree of polarization. The PDFs are compared with data from the SECCHI-COR1 coronagraph onboard STEREO-A in order to detect systematic or random perturbations of the polarized brightness and the polarization angle beyond the unavoidable photon and detector hardware noise. This noise is estimated from two successive filter sequences taken in-flight during calm coronal conditions on 18 May 2008 and is expressed in the form of an intensity–variance relation. Two small deviations between the measured distributions and the predicted PDF for the polarization angle were found. The standard deviation of the polarization angle error decreases with increasing signal-to-noise ratio of the polarized brightness. For ratios larger than about 8 this decrease was found not as steep anymore as predicted which could hint to a small additional noise source. Next, we found a systematic constant deviation of the polarization angle by $-1^{\circ }$
−

1
∘

for all signal-to-noise ratios of the polarized brightness. Besides these small discrepancies, our theoretically derived PDFs agree quite well with the distributions of measured brightnesses in test regions of the images. The PDFs we present here can equally be applied to similarly measured data from other coronagraphs and may help to quantify uncertainty limits of the derived polarization. They can be used for in-flight health checks of an instrument, are useful when separating unpolarized stray light from the polarized K-corona and when comparing the observed polarization data with results from model simulations.
Test-Retest Variability of Relative Tracer Delivery Rate as Measured by [11C]PiB
Authors: Heeman Fiona , Hendriks Janine , Lopes Alves Isadora , Tolboom Nelleke , van Berckel Bart N. M. , Yaqub Maqsood , Lammertsma Adriaan A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPurposeModerate-to-high correlations have been reported between the [11C]PiB PET-derived relative tracer delivery rateR1and relative CBF as measured using [15O]H2O PET, supporting its use as a proxy of relative CBF. As longitudinal PET studies become more common for measuring treatment efficacy or disease progression, it is important to know the intrinsic variability ofR1. The purpose of the present study was to determine this through a retrospective data analysis.ProceduresTest-retest data belonging to twelve participants, who underwent two 90 min [11C]PiB PET scans, were retrospectively included. The voxel-based implementation of the two-step simplified reference tissue model with cerebellar grey matter as reference tissue was used to computeR1images. Next, test-retest variability was calculated, and test and retestR1measures were compared using linear mixed effect models and a Bland-Altman analysis.ResultsTest-retest variability was low across regions (max. 5.8 %), and test and retest measures showed high, significant correlations (R2=0.92, slope=0.98) and a negligible bias (0.69±3.07 %).ConclusionsIn conclusion, the high precision of [11C]PiBR1suggests suitable applicability for cross-sectional and longitudinal studies.
The utility of dynamic MRI in differentiating the hormone-producing ability of pituitary adenomas
Authors: Amano Taishi , Masumoto Tomohiko , Akutsu Hiroyoshi , Sakamoto Noriaki , Hoshiai Sodai , Mori Kensaku , Nakajima Takahito 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the relationship between dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and hormonal activity in pituitary adenomas.

Methods
We retrospectively evaluated the dynamic MRI findings in 244 patients with pathologically confirmed pituitary adenomas and a diagnosis of clinically active prolactin (PRL)-producing adenomas. Among the 244 pituitary adenomas, 55, 16, 6, and 4 produced growth hormone (GH), PRL, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and thyroid-stimulating hormone, respectively, while 163 were non-functioning (NF) adenomas. For each adenoma, we calculated the washout rate (WR) and early (EER) and delayed (DER) tumour-to-normal-tissue enhancement ratios.

Results
The respective mean values of the WR, EER, and DER were 9.4%, 75.2%, and 64.5% for GH-producing adenomas; 6.2%, 117.1%, and 106.2% for PRL-producing adenomas; and 5.4%, 116.7%, and 108.7% for NF adenomas. GH-producing adenomas had significantly lower EER and DER values than PRL-producing (P < 0.001) and NF adenomas (P < 0.001). In ROC analysis of GH-producing and non-GH-producing adenomas, the areas under the curves of WR, EER, and DER were 0.593, 0.825, and 0.857, respectively.

Conclusion
There are differences in dynamic MRI features between GH-producing and non-GH-producing adenomas, which suggests that EER and DER may be useful for diagnosing GH-producing adenomas.
Soft Skills wanted?! – (Arbeits)Fähigkeiten und Fähigkeitsanforderungen am Arbeitsplatz beschreiben mit dem Fähigkeitsrating Mini-ICF-APP
Authors: Muschalla Beate 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungDieser Beitrag der Zeitschrift Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation. (GIO) informiert über ein etabliertes Standardkonzept zur fähigkeitsorientierten Arbeitsanforderungs- und Arbeitsfähigkeitsbeschreibung, welches sich im Rahmen der Arbeitsfähigkeitsbegutachtung bewährt hat. Es beschreibt die Fremd- und Selbstbeschreibung psychischer Fähigkeiten sowie die psychischen Arbeitsanforderungen.Arbeitsplatz- und Aufgabenzuweisungen und auch betriebliche Wiedereingliederungen von Mitarbeitenden mit (chronischen) Gesundheitsbeeinträchtigungen erfordern Kenntnisse über die (Arbeits‑)Fähigkeiten von Mitarbeitenden. Bei psychischen Arbeitsanforderungen ist es notwendig, das psychische Fähigkeitsprofil Mitarbeitender zu kennen und mit den Anforderungen abzugleichen.Das Mini-ICF Rating für Aktivitäts- und Partizipationsstörungen bei psychischen Störungen (Mini-ICF-APP) ist ein international validiertes und in der Arbeitsfähigkeitsbeschreibung und Sozialmedizin etabliertes Assessment zur Beschreibung von Fähigkeitsniveaus und -profilen auf 13 psychischen Fähigkeitsdimensionen. Es wird in Leitlinien (AWMF, DRV, SGPP) zur Verwendung empfohlen. Die 13 Fähigkeitsdimensionen ermöglichen einen Abgleich des Fähigkeitsprofils der Person mit dem Anforderungsprofil des Arbeitsplatzes. Die zu beurteilenden Fähigkeitsdimensionen sind (1) Fähigkeit zur Anpassung an Regeln und Routinen, (2) Fähigkeit zur Planung und Strukturierung von Aufgaben, (3) Flexibilität und Umstellungsfähigkeit, (4) Kompetenz- und Wissensanwendung, (5) Entscheidungs- und Urteilsfähigkeit, (6) Proaktivität und Spontanaktivitäten, (7) Widerstands- und Durchhaltefähigkeit, (8) Selbstbehauptungsfähigkeit, (9) Konversation und Kontaktfähigkeit zu Dritten, (10) Gruppenfähigkeit, (11) Fähigkeit zu engen dyadischen Beziehungen, (12) Fähigkeit zur Selbstpflege und Selbstversorgung, und (13) Mobilität und Verkehrsfähigkeit.Neben dem Fähigkeiten-Fremdrating sind weitere Instrumentenversionen auf Basis dieses Fähigkeitskonzepts entstanden: eine Fähigkeiten-Selbstratingversion (Mini-ICF-APP-S), und eine Version zur fähigkeitsorientierten Arbeitsplatzbeschreibung (Mini-ICF-APP-W) für die Herstellung passender Arbeitsplätze im Sinne des Arbeitsschutzgesetzes (§ 5 ArbSchG) (Muschalla 2020).
How automated feedback from a digital mathematics textbook affects primary students’ conceptual development: two case studies
Authors: Rezat Sebastian 
Published: April 2021

AbstractOne of the most prevalent features of digital mathematics textbooks, compared to traditional ones, is the provision of automated feedback on students’ solutions. Since feedback is regarded as an important factor that influences learning, this is often seen as an affordance of digital mathematics textbooks. While there is a large body of mainly quantitative research on the effectiveness of feedback in general, very little is known about how feedback actually affects students’ individual content specific learning processes and conceptual development. A theoretical framework based on Rabardel’s theory of the instrument and Vergnaud’s theory of conceptual fields is developed to study qualitatively how feedback actually functions in the learning process. This framework was applied in a case study of two elementary school students’ learning processes when working on a probability task from a German 3rd grade digital textbook. The analysis allowed detailed reconstruction of how students made sense of the information provided by the feedback and adjusted their behavior accordingly. This in-depth analysis unveiled that feedback does not necessarily foster conceptual development in the desired way, and a correct solution does not always coincide with conceptual understanding. The results point to some obstacles that students face when working individually on tasks from digital mathematics textbooks with automated feedback, and indicate that feedback needs to be developed in design-based research cycles in order to yield the desired effects.
A Comprehensive Review on Selenium and Its Effects on Human Health and Distribution in Middle Eastern Countries
Authors: Kieliszek Marek , Bano Iqra , Zare Hamed 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSelenium (Se) is an important microelement with numerous positive effects on human health and diseases. It is important to specify that the status and consumption of Se are for a specific community as the levels of Se are extremely unpredictable between different populations and regions. Our existing paper was based on the impacts of Se on human health and disease along with data on the Se levels in Middle Eastern countries. Overall, the findings of this comprehensive review show that the consumption and levels of Se are inadequate in Middle Eastern nations. Such findings, together with the growing awareness of the importance of Se to general health, require further work primarily on creating an acceptable range of blood Se concentration or other measures to determine optimal Se consumption and, consequently, to guarantee adequate Se supplementation in populations at high risk of low Se intake.
Patch isolation and periodic environmental disturbances have idiosyncratic effects on local and regional population variabilities in meta-food chains
Authors: Stark Markus , Bach Moritz , Guill Christian 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWhile habitat loss is a known key driver of biodiversity decline, the impact of other landscape properties, such as patch isolation, is far less clear. When patch isolation is low, species may benefit from a broader range of foraging opportunities, but are at the same time adversely affected by higher predation pressure from mobile predators. Although previous approaches have successfully linked such effects to biodiversity, their impact on local and metapopulation dynamics has largely been ignored. Since population dynamics may also be affected by environmental disturbances that temporally change the degree of patch isolation, such as periodic changes in habitat availability, accurate assessment of its link with isolation is highly challenging. To analyze the effect of patch isolation on the population dynamics on different spatial scales, we simulate a three-species meta-food chain on complex networks of habitat patches and assess the average variability of local populations and metapopulations, as well as the level of synchronization among patches. To evaluate the impact of periodic environmental disturbances, we contrast simulations of static landscapes with simulations of dynamic landscapes in which 30 percent of the patches periodically become unavailable as habitat. We find that increasing mean patch isolation often leads to more asynchronous population dynamics, depending on the parameterization of the food chain. However, local population variability also increases due to indirect effects of increased dispersal mortality at high mean patch isolation, consequently destabilizing metapopulation dynamics and increasing extinction risk. In dynamic landscapes, periodic changes of patch availability on a timescale much slower than ecological interactions often fully synchronize the dynamics. Further, these changes not only increase the variability of local populations and metapopulations, but also mostly overrule the effects of mean patch isolation. This may explain the often small and inconclusive impact of mean patch isolation in natural ecosystems.
Applying targeted genotyping by sequencing with a new set of nuclear and plastid SNP and indel loci for Quercus robur and Quercus petraea
Authors: Degen Bernd , Blanc-Jolivet Celine , Bakhtina Svetlana , Ianbaev Ruslan , Yanbaev Yulai , Mader Malte , Nürnberg Sabine , Schröder Hilke 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe used Double Digest Restriction site associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD) and Miseq to develop new geographically informative nuclear and plastid SNP and indel loci in Quercus robur and Q. petraea. Genotypes derived from sequence data of 95 individuals and two pools of 20 individuals each of Q. robur and Q. mongolica covering the distribution range of the species, were analysed to select geographically informative and polymorphic loci within Germany and Russia. We successfully screened a selected set of 431 nuclear single nucleotide polymorphism (nSNP), six nuclear Indel, six mitochondrial single nucleotide polymorphism (mtSNP) and ten chloroplast single nucleotide polymorphism (cpSNP) loci with a SeqSNP genotyping platform on 100 individuals Quercus petraea from 10 locations in Germany, 100 individuals Quercus robur from ten locations in Germany and 100 individuals Quercus robur from ten locations in Russia. The newly developed loci are useful for species identification and genetic studies on the genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of Quercus robur and Quercus petraea in Europe.
Quieter and Greener rotorcraft: concurrent aerodynamic and acoustic optimization
Authors: Wilke Gunther 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWithin the DLR project VicToria an aerodynamic and aero-acoustic optimization of helicopter rotor blades is performed. During the optimization, three independent flight conditions are considered: hover, cruise and descent flight. The first two flight conditions drive the power requirements of the helicopter rotor, while the descent flight is the loudest flight condition for current helicopter generations. To drive down the required power and the emitted noise, a multi-objective design approach coupled with surrogate models is utilized to find a Pareto optimal set of rotors. This approach allows to identify the trade-offs to be made when laying emphasis on either goal function. The underlying CFD simulations utilize fourth-order accurate spatial schemes to capture the vortex dominated flow of helicopter rotor blades. The paper presents the validation of the setups, the optimization results and the off-design analysis of a chosen set of blades from the Pareto front. The conclusion is that the utilization of the Pareto front approach is necessary to find good rotor designs, while the utilization of high-order methods allows for efficient CFD setups.
Sound quality assessment of a medium-range aircraft with enhanced fan-noise shielding design
Authors: Felix Greco Gil , Bertsch Lothar , Ring Tobias P. , Langer Sabine C. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe investigation of technologies that can improve the sustainability of the air transport system requires not only the development of alternative fuel concepts and novel vehicle technologies but also the definition of appropriate assessment strategies. Regarding noise, the assessment should reflect the situation of communities living near airports, i.e., not only addressing sound levels but also accounting for the annoyance caused by aircraft noise. For this purpose, conventional A-weighted sound pressure level metrics provide initial but limited information as the level- and frequency-dependency of the human hearing is accounted for in a simplified manner. Ideally, subjective evaluations are required to adequately quantify the perceived short-term annoyance associated with aircraft noise. However, listening tests are time-consuming and not suitable to be applied during the conceptual aircraft design stage, where a large solution space needs to be explored. Aiming at bridging this gap, this work presents a methodology for the sound quality assessment of computational aircraft noise predictions, which is hereby conducted in terms of objective psychoacoustic metrics. The proposed methodology is applied to a novel medium-range vehicle with fan noise shielding architecture during take-off and landing procedures. The relevance of individual sound sources, i.e., airframe and engine noise contributions, and their dependencies on the aircraft architecture and flight procedures are assessed in terms of loudness, sharpness, and tonality. Moreover, the methodology is steered towards community noise assessment, where the impacts on short-term annoyance brought by the novel aircraft design are analysed. The assessment is based on the modified psychoacoustic annoyance, a metric that provides a quantitative description of human annoyance as a combination of different hearing sensations. The present work is understood as an essential step towards low-annoyance aircraft design.
A Plasmonic Refractive-Index Sensor Based Multiple Fano Resonance Multiplexing in Slot-Cavity Resonant System
Authors: Guo Zicong , Wen Kunhua , Qin Yuwen , Fang Yihong , Li Zhengfeng , Chen Li 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this paper, a sub-wavelength metal-insulator-metal (MIM) waveguide structure is proposed by using a cross-shape rectangular cavity, of which wings are coupled with two rectangular cavities. Firstly, a cross-shape rectangular cavity is placed between the input and output MIM waveguides. According to the mutual interference between bright and dark modes, three Fano resonant peaks are generated. Secondly, by adding a rectangular cavity on the left wing of the cross shaped one, five asymmetric Fano resonance peaks are obtained. Thirdly, six asymmetric Fano resonance peaks are achieved after adding another cavity on the right wing. Finally, the finite-difference-time-domain (FDTD) method and multimode interference coupled-mode theory (MICMT) are used to simulate and analyze the coupled plasmonic resonant system, respectively. The highest sensitivity of 1 000nm/RIU is achieved.