bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
microRNA-203 Targets Insulin-Like Growth Factor Receptor 1 to Inhibit Trophoblast Vascular Remodeling to Augment Preeclampsia
Authors: Zhang Li , Lv Yuxia 
Published: December 2021

Objective Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-specific condition featured by high blood pressure, edema, and proteinuria. Research about the role of microRNA (miR)-203 in PE remains insufficient. This experiment is designed to investigate the specific role of miR-203 in trophoblasts in PE.
Study Design miR-203 expression in placenta tissues of normal pregnant women and PE patients was examined to analyze the relevance between miR-203 and PE diagnostic efficiency and between miR-203 and blood pressure (systolic pressure and diastolic pressure) and proteinuria of PE patients. miR-203 expression was downregulated in hypoxia-cultured trophoblasts using miR-203 inhibitor to assess matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) level. Then, the angiogenesis of trophoblasts with different treatments was determined. Subsequently, the target relation between miR-203 and insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 (IGF-1R) was predicted and verified. Additionally, the effect of IGF-1R in the mechanism of miR-203 modulating trophoblast vascular remodeling was detected.
Results miR-203 was overexpressed in the placenta of PE patients and it acted as a promising diagnostic indicator for PE. Moreover, miR-203 was positively associated with blood pressure (systolic pressure and diastolic pressure) and proteinuria of PE patients. miR-203 silencing in hypoxia-cultured trophoblasts enhanced trophoblast vascular remodeling. Mechanically, miR-203 bound to IGF-1R to suppress its transcription. IGF-1R downregulation counteracted the promotive effect of miR-203 silencing on trophoblast vascular remodeling.
Conclusion miR-203 was overexpressed in PE, and it targeted IGF-1R to limit trophoblast vascular remodeling.
Key Points
Retrospective Analysis of Bacterial Isolates during Blood Stream Infections in Children with Chemotherapy-induced Febrile Neutropenia: A Single Centre Experience
Authors: Sampagar Abhilasha , Ritesh B. R. , Shiv Dubey , Ghagne Shridhar C. , Patil Neha , Pawashe Prathamesh 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Introduction The recent advances in cancer treatment have resulted in significant improvement in the outcome of pediatric cancers. However, febrile neutropenia (FN) is the most important cause of mortality and morbidity in pediatric cancer patients and is a crucial limiting factor for the outcome. The greatest threat that we are facing is the emergence of pan drug-resistant (PDR) organisms.
Objectives To study bacterial organisms causing bloodstream infections (BSI) during febrile neutropenia episodes, their antibiotic sensitivity pattern, impact on treatment outcome during the intensive phase of chemotherapy, and the association between prior administration of antibiotics and emergence of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDR).
Materials and Methods This retrospective study was conducted in patients between the age group of 0 to 18 years who were treated for malignancies in the division of pediatric oncology at a tertiary center from August 2017 to December 2020. Blood cultures were collected under aseptic precautions, and they were processed as per the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute Guideline (CLSI) 2017.
Results A total of 122/159 (76.7%) patients were diagnosed to have hematological malignancies, and 37/159 (23.3%) patients were found to be suffering from solid tumors. A total of 309 episodes of FN were documented and 386 cultures were sent, out of which 87/386 (22.53%) cultures were positive for bacteria and 2/386 (2.2%) for fungi. Gram-negative isolates were seen in 51/87 (58.62%) cultures and Gram-positive in 36/87 (41.37%) cultures. Burkholderia cepacia and coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CONS) were the commonest found Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, respectively. MDR bacterial strains were seen in 44/87 (50.57%) cultures and PDR strains in 8/87 (9.2%) cultures. Resistance was higher with Klebsiella species and CONS. There were six mortalities during the induction phase of acute leukemia treatment, out of which 4/6 (66.66%) were due to MDR infections, 1/6 (16.6%) due to fungal infection and chemotherapy refractoriness each.
Conclusion Proven bacterial infections were determined in 22.53% of febrile neutropenia episodes. Most BSI in patients with febrile neutropenia were caused by Gram-negative bacteria. Indiscriminate use of higher antibiotics before referral led to the emergence of MDR organisms, thus compromising the outcome. Our study emphasizes the fact that antibiotic stewardship is a crucial task to counter MDR bacteremia-related morbidity and mortality in neutropenic children.
Respiratory Complications in Infants with Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) Requiring Laser Photocoagulation
Authors: Arthur Novisi , Byrne Emma , Kehinde Folasade , Bhandari Vineet , Quinones Cardona Vilmaris 
Published: December 2021

Objective The objective of this paper was to describe peri-procedural events and complications of infants requiring laser photocoagulation for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in a level IV neonatal intensive care unit.
Study Design A retrospective chart review was performed of neonates requiring ROP exams from January 2017 to August 2020. Baseline maternal and neonatal characteristics, ROP exam findings, and associated treatment were analyzed. Group characteristics were compared based on the need for laser photocoagulation. Subgroup analysis of the laser group including respiratory outcomes, cardiorespiratory index (CRI) scores, and pain scores was also performed.
Results Neonatal and maternal characteristics in the laser (n = 27) and non-laser (n = 172) groups were assessed. Of the 81.5% (22/27) that required re-intubation for laser, 36% (8/22) had >1 intubation and 18% (4/22) had >1 extubation attempt. The average duration of intubation following laser was 2.46 ± 7.13 days, with 40% (9/22) needing peri-extubation steroids and 18% (4/22) racemic epinephrine to facilitate extubation. Mean total respiratory support time post-laser was 8.65 ± 15.23 days. Mean neonatal pain, agitation, and sedation scores after laser were zero immediately after the procedure, 0.09 ± 0.33 at 12 hours, 0.11 ± 0.47 at 24 hours, and 0.11 ± 0.51 at 48 hours. The mean CRI scores were 1 ± 0 immediately after the procedure, 1.17 ± 0.4 at 12 hours, 1.41 ± 0.20 at 24 hours, and 1 ± 0 at 48 hours.
Conclusion Nearly all infants undergoing laser photocoagulation for ROP in our cohort required intubation and continued respiratory support. Despite stability during the procedure, complications from intubation were common.
Key Points
Space charge capacitance study of GaP/Si multilayer structures grown by plasma deposition
Authors: Gudovskikh A S , Baranov A I , Uvarov A V , Kudryashov D A , Kleider J-P 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Microcrystalline gallium phosphide (GaP)/Si multilayer structures grown on GaP substrates using combination of plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition (PE-ALD) for GaP and plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition for Si layers deposition are studied by three main space charge capacitance techniques: capacitance versus voltage (C-V) profiling, admittance spectroscopy (AS) and deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS), which have been used on Schottky barriers formed on the GaP/Si multilayer structures. C-V profiling qualitatively demonstrates an electron accumulation in the Si/GaP wells. However, quantitative determination of the concentration and spatial position of its maximum is limited by the strong frequency dependence of the capacitance caused by electron capture/emission processes in/from the Si/GaP wells. These processes lead to signatures in AS and DLTS with activation energies equal to 0.39 ± 0.05 and 0.28 ± 0.05 eV, respectively, that are linked to the energy barrier at the GaP/Si interface. It is shown that the value obtained by AS (0.39 ± 0.05 eV) is related to the response from Si/GaP wells located in the quasi-neutral region of the Schottky barrier, and it corresponds to the conduction band offset at the GaP/Si interface, while DLTS rather probes wells located in the space charge region closer to the Schottky interface where the internal electric field yields to a lowering of the effective barrier in the Si/GaP wells. Two additional signatures were detected by DLTS, which are identified as defect levels in GaP. The first one is associated to the SiGa + VP complex, while the second was already detected in single microcrystalline GaP layers grown by PE-ALD.
A translational flavor symmetry in the mass terms of Dirac and Majorana fermions
Authors: Xing Zhi-zhong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Requiring the effective mass term for a category of fundamental Dirac or Majorana fermions of the same electric charge to be invariant under the translational transformations ψ

αL(R) → ψ

αL(R) + n

α

z

ψL(R) in the flavor space, where n

α
and z

ψL(R) stand respectively for the flavor-dependent complex numbers and a constant spinor field anticommuting with the fermion fields, we show that n

α
can be identified as the elements U

αi
in the ith column of the unitary matrix U used to diagonalize the corresponding Hermitian or symmetric fermion mass matrix M

ψ
, and m

i
= 0 holds accordingly. We find that the reverse is also true. Now that the mass spectra of charged leptons, up- and down-type quarks are all strongly hierarchical and current experimental data allow the lightest neutrino to be massless, we argue that the zero mass limit for the first-family fermions and the translational flavor symmetry behind it should be a natural starting point for building viable fermion mass models.
Bidirectional flow of action potentials in axons drives activity dynamics in neuronal cultures
Authors: Mateus JC , Lopes CDF , Aroso M , Costa AR , Gerós A , Meneses J , Faria P , Neto E , Lamghari M , Sousa MM , Aguiar P 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Objective. Recent technological advances are revealing the complex physiology of the axon and challenging long-standing assumptions. Namely, while most action potential (AP) initiation occurs at the axon initial segment in central nervous system neurons, initiation in distal parts of the axon has been reported to occur in both physiological and pathological conditions. The functional role of these ectopic APs, if exists, is still not clear, nor its impact on network activity dynamics. Approach. Using an electrophysiology platform specifically designed for assessing axonal conduction we show here for the first time regular and effective bidirectional axonal conduction in hippocampal and dorsal root ganglia cultures. We investigate and characterize this bidirectional propagation both in physiological conditions and after distal axotomy. Main results. A significant fraction of APs are not coming from the canonical synapse-dendrite-soma signal flow, but instead from signals originating at the distal axon. Importantly, antidromic APs may carry information and can have a functional impact on the neuron, as they consistently depolarize the soma. Thus, plasticity or gene transduction mechanisms triggered by soma depolarization can also be affected by these antidromic APs. Conduction velocity is asymmetrical, with antidromic conduction being slower than orthodromic. Significance. Altogether these findings have important implications for the study of neuronal function in vitro, reshaping our understanding on how information flows in neuronal cultures.
Gluon polarization measurements from longitudinally polarized proton-proton collisions at STAR
Authors: Chang Zilong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The gluon polarization contribution to the proton spin is an integral part to solve the longstanding proton spin puzzle. At the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), the STAR experiment has measured jets produced in mid-pseudo-rapidity, |η| < 1.0, and full azimuth, ϕ, from longitudinally polarized pp collisions to study the gluon polarization in the proton. At center of mass energies

s

= 200 and 510 GeV, jet production is dominated by hard QCD scattering processes such as gluon-gluon (gg) and quark-gluon (qg), thus making the longitudinal double-spin asymmetry (ALL
) sensitive to the gluon polarization. Early STAR inclusive jet ALL
results at

s

= 200 GeV provided the first evidence of the non-zero gluon polarization at momentum fraction x > 0.05. The higher center of mass energy

s

= 510 GeV allows to explore the gluon polarization as low as x ∼ 0.015. In this talk we will present the recent STAR inclusive jet and dijet ALL
results at

s

= 510 GeV, and discuss the relevant new analysis techniques for the estimation of trigger bias and reconstruction uncertainty, the underlying event correction on the jet energy and its effect on jet ALL
. Dijet results are shown for different topologies in regions of pseudo-rapidity, effectively scanning the x-dependence of the gluon polarization.
Hydrogels with tunable modulus regulate chondrocyte microaggregates growth for cartilage repair
Authors: Chen Jing , An Peng , Zhang Hua , Zhang Yansheng , Wei Hua , Zhou Yang , Zhu Yabin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Chondrocyte spheroids in 3D hydrogel are more beneficial to improve their survival and maintain chondrogenic phenotype comparing to dissociated chondrocytes. However, in-situ inducing cell into spheroids rather than encapsulating spheroids in a hydrogel remains a tremendous challenge because of the limitations of biochemical and viscoelastic controllability for hydrogel. Herein, a hydrogel consisting of photo-crosslinkable chitosan methacrylate (CHMA) and semi-interpenetrating polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is developed as a cell-responsive matrix with controllable viscoelastic properties. The proposed CHMA-PVA precursor preferentially exhibits a weak gel-like state with a storage modulus of 16.9 Pa, loss modulus of 13.0 Pa and yielding stain of 1%, which could allow chondrocyte to vigorously move and assemble but hinder their precipitation before crosslinking. The chondrocytes could form microaggregates within 8 h in vitro and keep high viability. Moreover, subcutaneous implantation experiments demonstrate that the CHMA/PVA hydrogels are biocompatible and degrade within five weeks in vivo. The cell-free hydrogels are further placed in cylindrical cartilage defects in the rabbit femoral condyle and examined 8 weeks postoperatively. Gross, histological and immunohistochemical analyses reveal a significant acceleration for the cartilage regeneration. These findings suggest that this novel cell adhesion-responsive and histo-compatible hydrogel is promising for cartilage regeneration.
Biosensors and nanotechnology for cancer diagnosis (lung and bronchus, breast, prostate, and colon): a systematic review
Authors: Sharifianjazi Fariborz , Jafari Rad Azadeh , Bakhtiari Ameneh , Niazvand Firoozeh , Esmaeilkhanian Amirhossein , Bazli Leila , Abniki Milad , Irani Mohammad , Moghanian Amirhossein 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The second cause of death in the world has been reported to be cancer, and it has been on the rise in recent years. As a result of the difficulties of cancer detection and its treatment, the survival rate of patients is unclear. The early detection of cancer is an important issue for its therapy. Cancer detection based on biomarkers may effectively enhance the early detection and subsequent treatment. Nanomaterial-based nanobiosensors for cancer biomarkers are excellent tools for the molecular detection and diagnosis of disease. This review reports the latest advancement and attainment in applying nanoparticles to the detection of cancer biomarkers. In this paper, the recent advances in the application of common nanomaterials like graphene, carbon nanotubes, Au, Ag, Pt, and Fe3O4 together with newly emerged nanoparticles such as quantum dots, upconversion nanoparticles, inorganics (ZnO, MoS2), and metal–organic frameworks for the diagnosis of biomarkers related to lung, prostate, breast, and colon cancer are highlighted. Finally, the challenges, outlook, and closing remarks are given.
Geomorphological patterns of remotely sensed methane hot spots in the Mackenzie Delta, Canada
Authors: Baskaran Latha , Elder Clayton , Bloom A Anthony , Ma Shuang , Thompson David , Miller Charles E 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We studied geomorphological controls on methane (CH4) hotspots in the Mackenzie Delta region in northern Canada using airborne imaging spectroscopy collected as part of the Arctic Boreal Vulnerability Experiment. Methane emissions hotspots were retrieved at ∼25 m2 spatial resolution from a ∼10 000 km2 NASA’s Next Generation Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer survey of the Mackenzie Delta acquired 31 July–3 August 2017. Separating the region into the permafrost plateau and the lowland delta, we refined the domain wide power law of CH4 enhancements detected as a function of distance to standing water in different ecoregions. We further studied the spatial decay of the distance to water relationship as a function of land cover across the Delta. We show that geomorphology exerts a strong control on the spatial patterns of emissions at regional to sub-regional scales: compared to methane hotspots detected in the upland, we find that methane hotspots detected in the lowland have a more gradual power law curve indicating a weaker spatial decay with respect to distance from water. Spatial decay of CH4 hotspots in uplands is more than 2.5 times stronger than in lowlands, which is due to differences in topography and geomorphological influence on hydrology. We demonstrate that while the observed spatial distributions of CH4 follow expected trends in lowlands and uplands, these quantitatively complement knowledge from conventional wetland and freshwater CH4 mapping and modeling.
Peculiarity of symmetric ring systems with double Y-junctions and the magnetic effects
Authors: Fujimoto Yukihiro , Konno Kohkichi , Nagasawa Tomoaki 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We discuss quantum dynamics in the ring systems with double Y-junctions in which two arms have same length. The node of a Y-junction can be parametrized by U(3). Considering mathematically permitted junction conditions seriously, we formulate such systems by scattering matrices. We show that the symmetric ring systems, which consist of two nodes with the same parameters under the reflection symmetry, have remarkable aspects that there exist localized states inevitably, and resonant perfect transmission occurs when the wavenumber of an incoming wave coincides with that of the localized states, for any parameters of the nodes except for the extremal cases in which the absolute values of components of scattering matrices take 1. We also investigate the magnetic disturbance to the symmetric ring systems.
Stability of Arabica coffee genotype (Coffea arabica L.) against leaf rust (Hemileia vastatrix)
Authors: Malau Sabam , Siagian Albiner , Sihotang Maria Rumondang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Coffee is now experiencing a serious threat from fungus Hemileia vastatrix which caused epidemic of rust disease in America, Africa, and Asia. As solution, the use of resistant cultivars is the best way. However, interaction between genotype and environment can change the rank of genotypes that shows instability of these genotypes against leaf rust. Purpose of this research was to study stability of genotypes of Arabica coffee against coffee leaf rust. A field experiment was arranged as factorial randomized complete block design with 2 factors (genotypes and climate zones) with three replication. The observed parameters were branch rust incidence, leaf rust incidence, and leaf rust severity. This research result showed significant genotype x environment interaction in all variables. Length of dry season is the most important factor affecting coffee leaf rust because it had the highest correlation coefficient with leaf rust severity (r = 0.662**). Less length of dry season should be the first criteria for selection of coffee farms. The most desired genotype was G7 which performed low leaf rust severity (7.71%) and had a stable resistance indicated by the same leaf rust severity in all environments and 6 SMg. Due to the significant interaction between genotypes and the environment, the genotype to be planted in a region must be tested in that region first.
Concept of emergency clean water infrastructure provision for minimizing potential impact of earthquake
Authors: Iradha  , Pamungkas A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Surabaya and Waru Fault lines are crossing Surabaya, causing potential earthquake of 6.0-6.9 RS. The potential Earthquake could make significant impact including a damage to clean water infrastructure which can cause in increased casualties. In 2010 Haiti Earthquake, cholera epidemic has increased the number of fatalities. Therefore, providing emergency clean water infrastructure can significantly reduce the impact of earthquake. Using content analysis and triangulation method, this research produces 33 criteria. Those criteria are set to propose a concept for providing emergency clean water infrastructure following the stages of disaster risk management. The concept consists of relevant actions to meet the criteria and indicator. During mitigation, the concept focus on mapping, inventory, and optimizing relevant program. In preparedness, the concept focus on ensuring the amount, condition, and distribution of supporting equipment for providing emergency clean water infrastructure. In emergency response, the concept focus on protecting the water sources, improving coordination in treatment and distribution process, and providing access for vulnerable group. In recovery, the concept focus on coordination between the responsible institution and affected community in decision making process.
Vulnerability assessment of public rental housing (Rusunawa) residents in facing the risk of COVID-19 transmission (Case study of Surabaya)
Authors: Septanaya I D M F , Navitas P , Yusuf M , Navastara A M , Faradisa S , Stefanugroho P K 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study focused on assessing the vulnerability of public rental housing (Rusunawa) residents facing the risk of COVID-19 transmission. The level of vulnerability was measured through a Weighted Scoring Method (WSM), which considered various aspects that set Rusunawa apart, such as elderly population, occupancy rate, overcrowding, the number of confirmed positive cases in an area, access to clean water service and jobs vulnerable to the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Results showed that each of the Rusunawa had different levels of vulnerability, which was categorized into 4 clusters: Most Vulnerable (Dupak Bangunrejo and Siwalankerto), Vulnerable (Wonorejo, Pesapen, Jambangan and Dukuh Menanggal), Slightly Vulnerable (Penjaringansari, Keputih and Bandarejo) and Least Vulnerable (Romokalisari, Gununganyar and Tambak Wedi). Dupak Bangunrejo Rusunawa was identified to be one of the most vulnerable Rusunawa towards COVID-19 transmission in comparison to other Rusunawa due to a high amount of older people, high occupancy rate and population density. In contrast, Siwalankerto Rusunawa was caused due to a higher amount older people in conjunction with its residents working in job sectors vulnerable to the virus and the number of confirmed COVID--19 positive case in its area.