bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Achieving Better Power Plant Guarantees Through a New Exergy-Based Approach for the HRSG
Authors: Smith Raub W. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The best assurance an owner has to maximize the performance of the entire combined cycle power plant is the perfect alignment of heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) performance guarantee metrics to this goal. Currently, HRSG equipment performance guarantees include steam generation rates and steam temperature at each pressure level plus draft loss and reheater pressure drop. This profusion of guaranteed parameters with multiple bonus/liquidated damages (LD) rates is not always well correlated to the customer's ultimate goal of delivering power from the bottoming cycle since the behavior of each steam generation circuit is a complex function of steam pressure, steam turbine performance, and gas turbine exhaust temperature. This paper proposes a solution that normalizes and combines all HRSG performance measurements into a single value directly and reliably tied to the customer value metric (which may be different for fired and unfired operation or other load points). This is achieved by expressing the HRSG performance guarantee in terms of exergy recovered to steam and plant exergy loss attributable to the HRSG (gas side draft loss). This will be shown, with examples, to serve the goals of the customer to confirm by test that an HRSG delivers the promised steam exergy consistent with the plant level performance requirement.
Multi-Doped Interconnected Carbon Nanospheres for High-Performance Supercapacitor
Authors: Lin Shiying , Mo Lanlan , Lyu Tao , Wang Feijun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Heteroatom doping is an effective modification to improve electrochemical performance of carbon materials as electrodes in storage devices and multi-doping works better because of the synergistic effect. In this report, N/O/S multi-doped carbon nanospheres (SLS/PANI-700) are prepared from crosslinking hydrogel beads of polyaniline and sodium lignosulfonate. The addition of sodium lignosulfonate improves the electrochemical performance of PANI-based carbon significantly by changing micromorphology, building interconnected network, and offering diverse doping. SLS/PANI-700 has an ultrahigh specific surface area of 2861 m2 g−1, well-developed hierarchically porous structure, interconnected conducting carbon network, and high N and O concentration. Take these advantages, it delivers a very high capacitance of 487.7 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, and a superior rate retention with a capacitance of 373.6 F g−1 at a high current density of 20 A g−1 as electrode material. The assembled symmetric supercapacitor device exhibits a very high energy density of 43.68 Wh kg−1 at 488.98 W kg−1 and keeps 21.18 Wh kg−1 under a high power density of 8664.54 W kg−1. Based on these properties, SLS/PANI-700 possesses great promising potential as electrode material for advanced supercapacitors.
A Comparison of the Effects of Sodium Borohydride-Based Hydrogen Storage System and Compressed Hydrogen Storage Tank on the Fuel Cell Vehicle Performance
Authors: Yüksel Alpaydın Ceren , Colpan C. Ozgur , Karaoğlan Mustafa Umut , Karahan Gülbay Senem 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Thanks to its features such as being harmless to the environment, not creating noise pollution, and reducing oil dependence, many countries have started promoting the use of fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) and making plans on enhancing their hydrogen infrastructure. One of the main challenges with the FCVs is the selection of an effective hydrogen storage unit. Compressed gas tanks are mostly used as the hydrogen storage in the FCVs produced to date. However, the high amount of energy spent on the compression process and the manufacturing cost of high-safety composite tanks are the main problems to be overcome. Among different storage alternatives, boron compounds, which can be easily hydrolyzed at ambient temperature and pressure to produce hydrogen, are promising hydrogen storage materials. In this study, a 700-bar compressed gas tank and a sodium borohydride (NaBH4)-based hydrogen storage system are compared for a passenger fuel cell vehicle in terms of the range of the vehicle. The energy storage and production system of the FCV were modeled in matlabsimulink® environment coupling the modeling equations of each component after finding the power requirement of the vehicle through vehicle dynamics. Then, the simulations were performed using the speed profile of the New European Drive Cycle (NEDC) and the acceleration requirements. According to the simulation results, the NaBH4-based hydrogen storage system provided a 4.42% more range than the compressed gas tank.
Effect of Soil Degradation and Remediation in Technogenic Barrens on the Uptake of Nutrients and Heavy Metals by Plants in the Kola Subarctic
Authors: Koptsik G. N. , Koptsik S. V. , Smirnova I. E. , Sinichkina M. A. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
To assess the state of plants and their response to changes in soil properties, the elemental composition of leaves of widespread and pollution-tolerant species Betula pubescens Ehrh. and Salix caprea L. has been studied near the nonferrous metallurgy enterprises in the Kola Peninsula. The content of nutrients and heavy metals in the leaves of undergrowth on technogenic barrens and remediation sites differing in remediation technologies has been analyzed. According to the results of leaf diagnostics, both species under barren conditions are characterized by a noticeable deficiency of K, Ca, P, and, especially, Mn and Zn. The leaves of both species accumulate Ni, Cu, Co, As, Cr, Fe, Al, Pb, V, and S. Willow leaves contain more Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Cu, Al, Fe, As, S, Ca, K and less Mn than birch leaves. Chemophytostabilization has little effect, and the covering of contaminated soils with a constructed fertile layer leads to the enrichment of birch and willow leaves with Ca, K, and P. Under conditions of continuing atmospheric emissions and gradual accumulation of bioavailable heavy metals in soils after the remediation, the accumulation of metals in leaves is largely determined by the distance from the pollution source, reflecting the possibility of both root and foliar uptake. The concentrations of Ni and Cu in leaves in 2018 did not decrease compared to 2011. The low, albeit varying, ratios of the contents of heavy metals in undergrowth leaves and in the soil and weak correlation of heavy metal contents in these media indicated that B. pubescens and S. caprea retain their ability to regulate their chemical composition even under extreme conditions of technogenic barrens. At the same time, supporting the protective capabilities of plants via optimizing mineral nutrition and soil acidity in combination with a reduction in atmospheric pollution is a prerequisite for efficient remediation of technogenic territories in the Far North.
A randomised, placebo-controlled study of RIPK1 inhibitor GSK2982772 in patients with active ulcerative colitis
Authors: Weisel Kathy , Scott Nicola , Berger Scott , Wang Susanne , Brown Kurt , Powell Marcy , Broer Matthijs , Watts Clarissa , Tompson Debra J , Burriss Susan W , Hawkins Simon , Abbott-Banner Kathy , Tak Paul Peter 
Published: August 2021

ObjectiveTumour necrosis factor signalling via the receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) pathway regulates colonic inflammation suggesting that RIPK1 inhibition may be a potential therapeutic target in ulcerative colitis (UC). This phase IIa, randomised, double-blind experimental medicine study investigated the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD) and preliminary efficacy of the RIPK1 inhibitor GSK2982772 in patients with active UC.DesignIn part A, prior to a protocol amendment, one patient was randomised to receive GSK2982772 60 mg twice daily for 42 days. After the amendment, patients were randomised 2:1 to receive GSK2982772 60 mg or placebo three times daily for 42 days. In part B, all patients switched to open-label GSK2982772 60 mg three times daily for 42 days. Safety, PK, PD biomarkers, histological disease activity, clinical efficacy and quality of life were assessed at days 43 and 85.ResultsThirty-six patients were randomised (n=12, placebo/open-label GSK2982772; n=24, GSK2982772/open-label GSK2982772). Most adverse events were mild, with headache reported the most frequently across groups (placebo/open-label GSK2982772, n=2 (17%); GSK2982772/open-label GSK2982772, n=8 (33%)). GSK2982772 was well distributed into colonic tissue, with generally higher concentrations in colonic biopsy samples versus plasma. No apparent differences between treatment groups were observed for PD, histological disease activity, clinical disease activity or quality-of-life measures. At screening, all patients had Mayo endoscopic scores of 2 or 3. At day 43, no patients in the placebo/open-label GSK2982772 group achieved Mayo endoscopic scores of 0 or 1 vs 3/24 (13%) for GSK2982772/open-label GSK2982772. At day 85, 1/9 (11%) achieved scores of 0 or one for placebo/open-label GSK2982772 vs 3/22 (14%) for GSK2982772/open-label GSK2982772.ConclusionGSK2982772 was generally well tolerated, with no treatment-related safety concerns identified. However, no significant differences in efficacy were observed between treatment groups, suggesting that GSK2982772 as monotherapy is not a promising treatment for patients with active UC.Trial registration numberNCT02903966.
Signal detection of drospirenone-containing oral contraceptives: a disproportionality analysis using the Korea Adverse Event Reporting System Database, 2008–2017
Authors: Lee Yeri , Choi Ahhyung , Noh Yunha , Jeon Ha-Lim , Choe Seung-Ah , Shin Ju-Young 
Published: August 2021

ObjectivesTo detect the signals for drospirenone-containing oral contraceptives (DCOCs) and describe the reporting pattern of adverse events (AEs) caused by DCOCs compared with levonorgestrel/desogestrel/gestodene-containing (second/third generation) oral contraceptives.DesignA descriptive analysis of claims data.SettingThe Korea Institute of Drug Safety & Risk Management-Korea Adverse Event Reporting System Database from 1 February 2008 to 31 December 2017.Outcome measuresSignals for DCOCs were identified using three data mining indices. The characteristics, death cases, and the annual pattern of AE reports were compared between DCOCs and second/third generation oral contraceptives.ResultsOf the 242 DCOC-related AEs, 54 signals were detected and 10 were identified as new signals that were not included in Korea, US and UK label. The newly detected signals include deep vein thrombophlebitis and frequent urination. Serious AEs were more likely to be reported with DCOCs (7.85%) than with second/third generation oral contraceptives (2.92%). Five deaths after use of DCOCs were reported with vascular AEs, such as pulmonary embolism and thrombosis, whereas one death after use of second/third generation oral contraceptives was reported with the cardiac arrest.ConclusionsWe identified 10 new signals related to DCOCs that were not included in the current label. Additionally, we found higher reports of the deaths and vascular AEs associated with DCOCs than with second/third generation oral contraceptives, which warrants careful monitoring to ensure the safe use of DCOCs.
Kindy Moves: a protocol for establishing the feasibility of an activity-based intervention on goal attainment and motor capacity delivered within an interdisciplinary framework for preschool aged children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Pool Dayna , Elliott Catherine 
Published: August 2021

IntroductionPreschool aged children with cerebral palsy (CP) and like conditions are at risk of performing below their peers in key skill areas of school readiness. Kindy Moves was developed to support school readiness in preschool aged children with CP and like conditions that are dependent on physical assistance and equipment throughout the day. The primary aims are to determine the feasibility of motor-based interventions that are functional and goal directed, adequately dosed and embedded into a play environment with interdisciplinary support to optimise goal-driven outcomes.Methods and analysisForty children with CP and like conditions aged between 2 and 5 years with a Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level of III–V or equivalent, that is, dependent on physical assistance and equipment will be recruited in Western Australia. Participants will undertake a 4-week programme, comprised three, 2-hour sessions a week consisting of floor time, gross motor movement and play (30 min), locomotor treadmill training (30 min), overground walking in gait trainers (30 min) and table-top activities (30 min). The programme is group based with 3–4 children of similar GMFCS levels in each group. However, each child will be supported by their own therapist providing an interdisciplinary and goal directed approach. Primary outcomes of this feasibility study will be goal attainment (Goal Attainment Scale) and secondary outcomes will include Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, 10 metre walk test, Children’s Functional Independence Measure, Sleep Disturbance Scale, Infant and Toddler Quality of Life Questionnaire, Peabody Developmental Motor Scale and Gross Motor Function Measure. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline, post intervention (4 weeks) and retention at the 4-week follow-up.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was obtained from Curtin University Human Ethics Committee (HRE2019-0073). Results will be disseminated through published manuscripts in peer-reviewed journals, conference presentations and public seminars for stakeholder groups.Trial registration numberAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12619000064101p).
COVID-19-related stigma and its influencing factors: a nationwide cross-sectional study during the early stage of the pandemic in China
Authors: Jiang Tianyu , Zhou Xudong , Lin Leesa , Pan Yanzheng , Zhong Yuyuan , Wang Xiaomin , Zhu Hui 
Published: August 2021

ObjectivesTo describe the situation of COVID-19-related stigma towards patients with COVID-19 and people from the city of Wuhan in China and to assess the associations between COVID-19-related stigma, health literacy and sociodemographic characteristics during March 2020, the early stage of the pandemic.DesignA cross-sectional online survey.SettingThe study surveyed 31 provinces in China.ParticipantsThis study surveyed 5039 respondents in China.Outcome measuresPublic stigma towards both patients with COVID-19 and Wuhan residents was measured. Binary logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with public COVID-19-related stigma.ResultsAmong the participants, 122 (2.4%) reported themselves and 254 (5.0%) reported the communities they lived in as holding a stigmatising attitude towards patients with COVID-19, respectively. Additionally, 114 (2.5%) and 475 (10.3%) reported that themselves and the communities they lived in, respectively, held a stigma against people from Wuhan, which was the most severely affected area in China. People aged over 40, lived in areas with severe epidemics (adjusted OR (aOR)=2.03, 95% CI (1.05 to 3.92)) and who felt it difficult to find and understand information about COVID-19 (aOR=1.91, 95% CI (1.08 to 3.37); aOR=1.88, 95% CI (1.08 to 3.29)) were more likely to stigmatise patients with COVID-19. People who were male, aged 41–50 and had difficulty understanding information (aOR=2.08, 95% CI (1.17 to 3.69)) were more likely to stigmatise people from Wuhan.ConclusionsPatients with COVID-19 and Wuhan residents suffered stigma at both the individual and the community levels. Those who had low health literacy, who lived in areas with a large number of COVID-19 cases and who were of ethnic minorities were more likely to stigmatise others. Tailored interventions are encouraged to improve health literacy and consequently to reduce public COVID-19-related stigma.
The framework for a common origin of $$\delta _{\mathrm{CKM}}$$ and $$\delta _{\mathrm{PMNS}}$$
Authors: Alves Joao M. , Botella Francisco J. , Branco Gustavo C. , Cornet-Gomez Fernando , Nebot Miguel 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe analyse a possible connection between CP violations in the quark and lepton sectors, parametrised by the CKM and PMNS phases. If one assumes that CP breaking arises from complex Yukawa couplings, both in the quark and lepton sectors, the above connection is not possible in general, since Yukawa couplings in the two sectors have independent flavour structures. We show that both the CKM and PMNS phases can instead be generated by a vacuum phase in a class of two Higgs doublet models, and in this case a connection may be established. This scenario requires the presence of scalar FCNC at tree level, both in the quark and lepton sectors. The appearance of these FCNC is an obstacle and a blessing. An obstacle since one has to analyse which models are able to conform to the strict experimental limits on FCNC, both in the quark and lepton sectors. A blessing, because this class of models is falsifiable since FCNC arise at a level which can be probed experimentally in the near future, specially in the processes $$\mathrm{h}\rightarrow e^\pm \tau ^\mp $$

h
→

e
±

τ
∓

and $$t\rightarrow \mathrm{h}c$$

t
→
h
c

. The connection between CP violations in CKM and PMNS is explicitely illustrated in models with Minimal Flavour Violation.
Anisotropic stars via embedding approach in Brans–Dicke gravity
Authors: Maurya S. K. , Singh Ksh. Newton , Govender M. , Errehymy Abdelghani , Tello-Ortiz Francisco 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn the present article, the solution of the Einstein–Maxwell field equations in the presence of a massive scalar field under the Brans-Dicke (BD) gravity is obtained via embedding approach, which describes a charged anisotropic strange star model. The interior spacetime is described by a spherically symmetric static metric of embedding class I. This reduces the problem to a single-generating function of the metric potential which is chosen by appealing to physics based on regularity at each interior point of the stellar interior. The resulting model is subjected to rigorous physical checks based on stability, causality and regularity for particular object PSR J1903+327. We also show that our solutions describe compact objects such as PSR J1903+327; Cen X-3; EXO 1785-248 and LMC X-4 to an excellent approximation. Novel results of our investigation reveal that the scalar field leads to higher surface charge densities which in turn affects the compactness and upper and lower values imposed by the modified Buchdahl limit for charged stars. Our results also show that the electric field and scalar field which originate from entirely different sources couple to alter physical characteristics such as mass-radius relation and surface redshift of compact objects. This superposition of the electric and scalar fields is enhanced by an increase in the BD coupling constant,$$\omega _{BD}$$ωBD.
Mechanism of terahertz reflection enhancement on photo-excited MEH-PPV/PEDOT:PSS/Si hybrid structure
Authors: Liu Yangqi , Li Xiang , Yang Tingting , Liu Jingyu , Liu Bin , Shen Jingling , Zhang Bo , Wang Fuhe 
Published: August 2021

The mechanism of enhanced reflection of terahertz wave via photoexcitation of a poly[2-methoxy-5-(2[Formula: see text]-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MEH-PPV)/poly(3-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4-styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) hybrid structure on silicon is reported. The reflectivity and incident angles measured for different samples conform to Brewster’s law. When the sample was excited by a continuous wave 450 nm laser at two randomly selected angles, the reflectivity of sample increased. According to the Fresnel equations, this phenomenon is related to the conductivity and refractive index of the sample. In calculated time-domain spectra excited by the laser at various power densities, the enhanced terahertz reflectivity is attributed to conductivity changes rather than the refractive index.
Initial Cenozoic magmatic activity in East Africa: new geochemical constraints on magma distribution within the Eocene continental flood basalt province
Authors: Steiner R. Alex , Rooney Tyrone O. , Girard Guillaume , Rogers Nick , Ebinger Cynthia J. , Peterson Liam , Phillips Rayn K. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The initial interaction between material rising from the African Large Low Shear Velocity Province and the African lithosphere manifests as the Eocene continental large igneous province (LIP), centred on southern Ethiopia and northern Kenya. Here we present a geographically well-distributed geochemical dataset comprising flood basalt lavas of the Eocene continental LIP to refine the regional volcano-stratigraphy into three distinct magmatic units: (1) the highly alkaline small-volume Akobo Basalt (49.4–46.6 Ma), representing the initial phase of flood basalt volcanism derived from the melting of lithospheric–mantle metasomes; (2) the primitive and spatially restricted Amaro Basalt (45.2–39.8 Ma), representing the early main phase of flood basalt volcanism derived from the melting of the upwelling thermochemical anomaly; and (3) the spatially extensive Gamo–Makonnen magmatic unit (38–28 Ma), representing the mature main phase of flood basalt volcanism that has undergone significant processing within the lithosphere and resulted in relatively homogeneous compositions. The focused intrusion of these main phase magmas over 10 myr preconditioned the African lithosphere for the localization of strain during subsequent episodes of lithospheric stretching. The focusing of strain into the region occupied by this continental LIP may have contributed to the initial extension in SW Ethiopia that is associated with the East African Rift.
APOA-5 Genetic Variant rs662799: Role in Lipid Changes and Insulin Resistance after a Mediterranean Diet in Caucasian Obese Subjects
Authors: de Luis Daniel , Izaola Olatz , Primo David 
Published: August 2021

Background and Aims. This APOA5-1131C allele is related with a higher serum triglyceride levels and perhaps a different metabolic response to a dietary intervention. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate SNP rs662799 in the APOA5 gene and its associations with metabolic effects after a hypocaloric diet with Mediterranean pattern. Methods. A population of 363 Caucasian obese patients was enrolled. Anthropometric parameters and serum parameters (lipid profile, insulin, homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR), glucose, C reactive protein, adiponectin, resistin, and leptin levels) were measured, at basal time and after 3 months. All patients were genotyped in the rs662799 polymorphism. Results. The APOA5 variant distribution was as follows: 89.3% (

n
=
324

) (TT) were homozygous for the T allele, 10.5% (

n
=
38

) (TC) were heterozygous, and 0.2% (

n
=
1

) (CC) were homozygous for the C allele. Triglyceride levels were higher in patients with the C allele. After dietary intervention, BMI, weight, fat mass, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, adiponectin, leptin, and adiponectin/leptin ratio improved significantly in both genotype groups TT and TC+CC. After dietary intervention, insulin levels (delta:

−
3.6
±
0.8

UI
/
L

vs.

−
1.5
±
0.6

UI
/
L

;

P
=
0.03

), HOMA-IR (delta:

−
1.5
±
0.4

units

vs.

−
0.3
±
0.2

units

;

P
=
0.02

), and triglyceride levels (delta:

−
19.3
±
4.2

mg
/
dL

vs.

−
3.2
±
3.1

mg
/
dL

;

P
=
0.02

) decreased in non-C allele carriers. Conclusions. C allele carriers of rs662799 of the APOA5 gene did not show an improvement in triglyceride, insulin, and HOMA-IR levels after a significant weight loss due to a hypocaloric diet with a Mediterranean pattern.
A Conjecture on Super Edge-Magic Total Labeling of 4-Cycle Books
Authors: Simanihuruk Mudin , Kusmayadi Tri Atmojo , Swita Baki , Romala Minsi , Damanik Friska 
Published: August 2021

A graph

G

is called cycle books

B

4
,
m

,
2

if

G

consists of m cycles

C

4

with a common path

P

2

. Figueroa-Centeno, Ichishima, and Muntaner-Batle conjecture that the graph

B

4
,
m

,
2

is super edge-magic total if and only if

m

is even or

m
≡
5

mod

8

. In this article, we prove this conjecture for

m

≥ 36 and

m

= 0 mod (2).