bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Integrated Strategy for Rapid Discovery and Identification of Quality Markers in Gardenia Fructus Using an Omics Discrimination-Grey Correlation-Biological Verification Method
Authors: Dong Rong , Tian Qingping , Shi Yongping , Chen Shanjun , Zhang Yougang , Deng Zhipeng , Wang Xiaojing , Yao Qingqiang , Han Liwen 
Published: June 2021

Background: Gardenia Fructus (GF), a traditional Chinese medicine of Gardenia Ellis in Rubiaceae family, has the potential to clear heat and purge fire and has been widely used to treat multiple infection-related diseases. However, the quality markers (Q-Markers) of GF have not been revealed comprehensively.Methods: In this experiment, the transgenic zebrafish lines, Tg (l-fabp:EGFP) and Tg (lyz:EGFP), were used to evaluate two main kinds of traditional efficacies of GF, hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. All the GF samples from different production areas were tested their anti-liver injury and anti-inflammantory activities. High-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry method (HPLC-Q-TOF/MS) was employed for herbal metabonomic analysis of GF samples. Gray correlation analysis (GCA) was utilized to screen out the components closely associated with the activities. Finally, the zebrafish model was applied to verify the bioactivity of the crucial components to determine the Q-Markers of GF.Results: The zebrafish models were established by inducing with hydrogen peroxide or copper sulfate and applied to quickly evaluate the hepatoprotective effect and inflammation of GF samples. 27 potentially active components for liver protection and 21 potentially active components with anti-inflammatory properties were identified by herbal metabolomic analysis based on HPLC-Q-TOF/MS. The GCA result showed that five of the 27 components were highly correlated with liver protection, 15 of the 21 components were highly correlated with anti-inflammatory activity. Among them, geniposide and crocin-1 were confirmed their bioactivities on zebrafish experiment to be responsible for the protective effects of GF against liver injury, and genipin-1-β-D-gentiobioside, quinic acid, gardenoside, d-glucuronic acid, l-malic acid, mannitol, rutin, and chlorogenic acid were confirmed to be responsible for the anti-inflammatory effects. Finally, according to the screening principles of Q-Markers, genipin-1-β-D-gentiobioside, geniposide, and gardenoside were preliminarily identified to be the Q-Markers of GF.Conclusion: This study established an effective research strategy of “Omics Discrimination-Grey Correlation-Biological Verification,” which enabled the rapid identification of key pharmacological components of GF. These markers have provided a scientific basis for constructing a modern quality evaluation system for GF.
Cytisine Exerts an Anti-Epileptic Effect via α7nAChRs in a Rat Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Authors: Zheng Jing-jun , Zhang Teng-yue , Liu Hong-tao , Huang Ze-xin , Teng Jing-mei , Deng Jing-xian , Zhong Jia-gui , Qian Xu , Sheng Xin-wen , Ding Ji-qiang , He Shu-qiao , Zhao Xin , Ji Wei-dong , Qi De-feng , Li Wei , Zhang Mei 
Published: June 2021

Background and Purpose: Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a common chronic neurological disease that is often invulnerable to anti-epileptic drugs. Increasing data have demonstrated that acetylcholine (ACh) and cholinergic neurotransmission are involved in the pathophysiology of epilepsy. Cytisine, a full agonist of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7nAChRs) and a partial agonist of α4β2nAChRs, has been widely applied for smoking cessation and has shown neuroprotection in neurological diseases. However, whether cytisine plays a role in treating TLE has not yet been determined.Experimental Approach: In this study, cytisine was injected intraperitoneally into pilocarpine-induced epileptic rats for three weeks. Alpha-bungarotoxin (α-bgt), a specific α7nAChR antagonist, was used to evaluate the mechanism of action of cytisine. Rats were assayed for the occurrence of seizures and cognitive function by video surveillance and Morris water maze. Hippocampal injuries and synaptic structure were assessed by Nissl staining and Golgi staining. Furthermore, levels of glutamate, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), ACh, and α7nAChRs were measured.Results: Cytisine significantly reduced seizures and hippocampal damage while improving cognition and inhibiting synaptic remodeling in TLE rats. Additionally, cytisine decreased glutamate levels without altering GABA levels, and increased ACh levels and α7nAChR expression in the hippocampi of TLE rats. α-bgt antagonized the above-mentioned effects of cytisine treatment.Conclusion and Implications: Taken together, these findings indicate that cytisine exerted an anti-epileptic and neuroprotective effect in TLE rats via activation of α7nAChRs, which was associated with a decrease in glutamate levels, inhibition of synaptic remodeling, and improvement of cholinergic transmission in the hippocampus. Hence, our findings not only suggest that cytisine represents a promising anti-epileptic drug, but provides evidence of α7nAChRs as a novel therapeutic target for TLE.
An m6A-Related Prognostic Biomarker Associated With the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Immune Microenvironment
Authors: Du Yingxi , Ma Yarui , Zhu Qing , Liu Tongzheng , Jiao Yuchen , Yuan Peng , Wang Xiaobing 
Published: June 2021

Background: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is related to the progression of multiple cancers. However, the underlying influences of m6A-associated genes on the tumor immune microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain poorly understood. Therefore, we sought to construct a survival prediction model using m6A-associated genes to clarify the molecular and immune characteristics of HCC.Methods: HCC case data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Then, by applying consensus clustering, we identified two distinct HCC clusters. Next, four m6A-related genes were identified to construct a prognostic model, which we validated with Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) datasets. Additionally, the molecular and immune characteristics in different subgroups were analyzed.Results: m6A RNA methylation regulators were differentially expressed between HCC and normal samples and linked with immune checkpoint expression. Using consensus clustering, we divided HCC samples into two subtypes with distinct clinical features. Cluster 2 was associated with unfavorable prognosis, higher immune checkpoint expression and immune cell infiltration levels. In addition, the immune and carcinogenic signaling pathways were enriched in cluster 2. Furthermore, we constructed a risk model using four m6A-associated genes. Patients with different risk scores had distinct survival times, expression levels of immunotherapy biomarkers, TP53 mutation rates, and sensitivities to chemotherapy and targeted therapy. Similarly, the model exhibited an identical impact on overall survival in the validation cohorts.Conclusion: The constructed m6A-based signature may be promising as a biomarker for prognostics and to distinguish immune characteristics in HCC.
Treatment Adherence as Predictor of Outcome in Concentrated Exposure Treatment for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Tjelle Kristian , Opstad Håvard Berg , Solem Stian , Launes Gunvor , Hansen Bjarne , Kvale Gerd , Hagen Kristen 
Published: June 2021

Background: The treatment of choice for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is exposure and response prevention (EX/RP). Previous studies have demonstrated that treatment adherence predicts treatment outcome for patients with OCD, but there is little knowledge on its role in concentrated exposure treatment for OCD.Method: In the present study, 42 patients received EX/RP treatment using the Bergen 4-day format. Adherence was measured with the Exposure and Response Prevention Adherence Scale (PEAS, rated both by patients and therapists) after the second and third day. Treatment outcome (symptoms of OCD, depression, anxiety, work- and social functioning, and well-being) was assessed at 3-month follow-up.Results: At follow-up, 71.4% were in remission. High adherence was reported (mean score of 6 on a 1–7 scale). The combination of patient- and therapist rated adherence was significantly associated with treatment outcome whilst controlling for age, sex, and pre-treatment scores. Patients with higher degree of adherence reported less symptoms, higher functioning, and more well-being at follow-up.Conclusions: The results of the present study indicated that adherence in concentrated exposure treatment is significantly associated with a wide range of treatment outcomes for OCD.
Psychological Distress and Its Association With Quality of Life in Organ Transplant Recipients During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Cai Zhongxiang , Cai Xin , Song Yujuan , Wang Dianzhen , Zhang Yanbing , Ma Simeng , Tang Shiming , Bai Hanping , Tan Huawei , Li Ruiting , Yao Lihua , Liu Zhongchun , Wang Gaohua , Wang Ying 
Published: June 2021

Objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may have an impact on the psychological distress of organ transplant recipients. We aimed to assess the status of psychological distress and its association with quality of life (QoL) in organ transplant recipients during the COVID-19 pandemic.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out with 305 organ transplant recipients during March 30 and April 2, 2020, in Wuhan. Psychological distress comprised depression, anxiety, insomnia, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the seven-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder questionnaire, the Insomnia Severity Index, and Impact of event scale-revised. QoL was assessed using the Chinese version of the short Form 36-item health survey.Results: The prevalence of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and PTSD in organ transplant recipients was 13.4, 6.9, 11.8, and 30.5%, respectively. Organ transplant recipients with depression had significantly lower scores in all eight dimensions of QoL compared with participants without depression (all p &lt; 0.05). Lower scores on the QoL dimensions of role physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, role emotional, and mental health were found in organ transplant recipients with anxiety, insomnia, or PTSD compared with their counterparts without the respective disorder (all p &lt; 0.05).Limitation: The cross-sectional study design limited us to make causal conclusion and the influence of potential confounders cannot be ruled out.Conclusions: Psychological distress was prevalent in organ transplant recipients during the COVID-19 pandemic, and those with depression, anxiety, insomnia, and PTSD had poorer QoL. Therefore, timely psychological counseling, COVID-19 related health education, and essential community medical services should be provided to organ transplant recipients to relieve their psychological distress, and to improve their QoL.
Association Between Air Pollution and Acute Coronary Syndromes During Lockdown for COVID-19: Results From the Terni Hub Center
Authors: Arrivi Alessio , Dominici Marcello , Bier Nicola , Truglio Mauro , Vaudo Gaetano , Pucci Giacomo 
Published: June 2021

Background: During the lockdown for COVID-19, a massive decrease in hospital admissions for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and a drop in air pollution were both detected in Italy. Our aim was to investigate the possible association between these two events at the Province of Terni, one of the most polluted urban and industrial area in Central Italy.Methods: We analyzed data of daily 24-h urban air concentrations of particulate matter (PM)10 and PM2.5 from fixed station monitoring network located in the main city centers of the Terni province, and accesses for ACS at the catheterization laboratory of the Cardiological Hub Center of the Terni University Hospital during lockdown. A comparison was made with data corresponding to the same lockdown time period of years 2019, 2018, and 2017.Results: Invasive procedures for ACS decreased in 2020 (n = 49) as compared with previous years (n = 93 in 2019, n = 109 in 2018, and n = 89 in 2017, p &lt; 0.001). Conversely, reductions in average PM10 (20.7 μg/m3) and PM2.5 (14.7 μg/m3) in 2020 were consistent with a long-term decreasing trend, being comparable to those recorded in 2019 and 2018 (all p &gt; 0.05) and slightly lower than 2017 (p &lt; 0.05). The Granger-causality test demonstrated the lack of association between time-varying changes in air pollution and the number of procedures for ACS.Conclusions: Our results did not support the hypothesis that reduction in invasive procedures for ACS during lockdown was linked to an air cleaning effect. Reasons other than reduced air pollution should be sought to explain the observed decrease in ACS procedures.
Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes Among Patients With Gastrointestinal Phytobezoars: A Single-Institution Retrospective Cohort Study in Korea
Authors: Yang Songsoo , Cho Min Jeng 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To describe our experience with phytobezoars, evaluate risk factors on treatment, and analyze whether previous gastric surgery affects treatment outcomes.Methods: Medical records of 51 patients with phytobezoars between 2000 and 2019 were retrospectively evaluated. We compared endoscopic and surgical treatment groups and evaluated risk factors using multivariate logistic regression analysis. And we compared patients with and without previous gastric surgery in the surgical treatment group.Results: The median patient age was 62.9 (range: 27–89) years. The endoscopic and surgical treatment groups included 26 (51%) and 25 (49%) patients, respectively. Patients aged ≥65 years, diabetes, and small intestinal phytobezoars were more frequent in the surgical treatment group. Previous gastric surgery (n = 16, 31.4%) was the most common predisposing risk factor, but without a significant difference between the groups. Enterotomy was performed for 20 patients (80%), segmental resection was performed for five patients (20%). Five patients (20%) had postoperative complications; there was one death. There were no significant differences in age, preoperative diagnosis, operation method, operative time, or postoperative stay between patients with and without previous gastric surgery, but postoperative complications were significantly more common in patients with previous gastric surgery.Conclusions: Phytobezoar should be suspected early in patients with previous gastric surgery or a specific food intake history. Early diagnosis and treatment are important for avoiding surgical intervention and complications, especially in elderly patients. Surgery is required in most patients with small intestinal phytobezoars, safe removal can be achieved mainly via enterotomy.
Psychoactive Drugs Induce the SOS Response and Shiga Toxin Production in Escherichia coli
Authors: Crane John K. , Salehi Mashal , Alvarado Cassandra L. 
Published: June 2021

Several classes of non-antibiotic drugs, including psychoactive drugs, proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and others, appear to have strong antimicrobial properties. We considered whether psychoactive drugs induce the SOS response in E. coli bacteria and, consequently, induce Shiga toxins in Shiga-toxigenic E. coli (STEC). We measured the induction of an SOS response using a recA-lacZ E. coli reporter strain, as RecA is an early, reliable, and quantifiable marker for activation of the SOS stress response pathway. We also measured the production and release of Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2) from a classic E. coli O157:H7 strain, derived from a food-borne outbreak due to spinach. Some, but not all, serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and antipsychotic drugs induced an SOS response. The use of SSRIs is widespread and increasing; thus, the use of these antidepressants could account for some cases of hemolytic-uremic syndrome due to STEC and is not attributable to antibiotic administration. SSRIs could have detrimental effects on the normal intestinal microbiome in humans. In addition, as SSRIs are resistant to environmental breakdown, they could have effects on microbial communities, including aquatic ecosystems, long after they have left the human body.
Współpraca cywilno-wojskowa NATO: oczekiwania i konflikt roli
Authors: Mazurkiewicz Agata 
Published: June 2021

In the context of contemporary peacekeeping operations, NATO states established civil-military cooperation (CIMIC) – a military function aiming at maintaining contact between the NATO armed forces and other civilian and military actors present in an area of military operations. As a result of their tasks, CIMIC soldiers are confronted with various expectations pertaining to their behaviour, principles and values. This pool of normative requirements includes contradictory expectations formulated by civilian and military reference groups, leading to the emergence of a role conflict. Building on the theoretical assumptions of structural symbolic interactionism and the division into a “warrior” and “peacekeeper” role of a soldier, this article presents expectations that comprise the role of a CIMIC soldier and the areas of role conflict experienced by members of CIMIC units. It also offers a reflection on the role of a contemporary soldier. The article is based on interviews with CIMIC soldiers, observations and content analysis of NATO CIMIC documents.
Liderazgo y resiliencia organizacional en un escenario catastrófico: estudio empírico
Authors: Mucharraz y Cano Yvette 
Published: June 2021

En este artículo se aborda el papel de los líderes en el desarrollo de la resiliencia organizacional ante los desastres. Las catástrofes afectan a millones de perso nas en todo el mundo, y seguirán ocurriendo. La investigación se orienta a responder la pregunta: ¿cómo pueden los líderes desarrollar la resiliencia en sus organizaciones frente a eventos extremos, específicamente ante los terremotos? El fenómeno se estudia desde la perspectiva de la experiencia mexicana tras el terremoto del 19 de septiembre de 2017 en la Ciudad de México. El estudio contrasta las definiciones y los marcos conceptuales de resiliencia existentes para apoyar el desarrollo de la resiliencia organizacional en caso de desastres, por parte de los líderes. Este estudio participativo se realizó con doce líderes para documentar las lecciones aprendidas y comprender los mecanismos de desarrollo de la resiliencia con los que apoyaron a sus organizaciones durante la recuperación del terremoto. Los hallazgos reflejan la conceptualización de la resiliencia como un proceso no lineal, que permite su intervención para desarrollar acciones en las etapas de anticipación, respuesta y adaptación.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN PRODUK KERUPUK KEMPLANG DENGAN METODE SWOT DI UMKM DUA PUTRI BUMI WARAS KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Daya Pratama Peri , Nudin Burhan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The strategy of developing kemplang cracker products in Dua Putri UMKMÂ sub-district of Bumi Waras, Bandar Lampung city is experiencing a high level of competition, the aim of this research is to produce a strategy that is in accordance with the conditions of the Dua Putri UMKM in developing a business, and to provide strategic input from the results of the research. Data collection techniques in this study were carried out by observation, interviews and questionnaires then analysed by SWOT. It is known that the IFAS value is 3,36080 with a strength factor having a value of 2.51632 and a weakness of 0.84448 with a difference in value (+) of 1.67184. and the EFAS value is 2.82229 with the opportunity factor having a value of 2.30108 and the threat factor 0.52121 with the difference in value (+) 1.77987. This value indicates that the organization is experiencing a period of growth both in sales, taste, and price differences. UMKM two putri kemplang crackers are on average in her quest to pursue a strategy of exploiting strengths to overcome weaknesses. From the results of the Cartecius diagram, that kemplang cracker Dua Putri UMKM are in quadrant 1 (one), namely an aggressive strategy, where this UMKM is in a very favorable position, this UMKM has the opportunity and strength so that it can take advantage of the existing opportunities
PENGUKURAN KESEIMBANGAN LINTASAN PRODUKSI SABUK KOPLING MOBIL
Authors: Nur Amalia Akhsani , Yudhanegara Darmawan , Gumelar Agung 
Published: June 2021

Time efficiency in production is very supportive of fulfilling consumer demand. The track balance problem can be solved by taking measurements first. This measurement aims to determine the parameters that cause an imbalance in the production line. The first step that needs to be done is measuring the track balance before optimization. Rank Postional Weight is heuristicâ€™s systematic approach method is used to measure the balance of the car CVT belt production line in a grinding machine. The measurement results show that it is not good with a smothness index of 130.48 minutes, the product produced is only 97.5% of the set target, the performance of the work station is 80.56%. Improvements in several work stations in order to improve the balance of the trajectory, namely in visual checks, smoothing surfaces and shapes, measuring products by rearranging the order.
A Comprehensive View on Sustainable Housing Settlement/Neighborhood Formation and the Role of the Architect
Authors: Yarımay Özlem , Polatoğlu Çiğdem 
Published: June 2021

The fact that humanity realized the damage it caused to the environment and expressed the situation in scientific meetings has led to the emphasis on the importance of sustainability and to determine the measures and targets to be taken. Considering the future, the measures to be taken and the systems to be implemented in the environment we live in to prevent environmental problems have great importance. The success of sustainability activities on a global scale is possible with the integration of sustainability studies at different scales by harmonizing with each other. The sustainability that will be provided at the residential settlement / neighborhood scale will greatly help to achieve success in urban areas too. The study will focus on examples of sustainable new settlements located outside the city, on the periphery of the city or within the city, as well as existing sustainable settlements that have been transformed and improved in the city. An evaluation will be made on the basis of which principles these settlements designed and implemented. In sustainable settlements, the role of the architect in the context of social dynamics will be questioned, inferences about where the architect is located in sustainable settlement design will be evaluated.