bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS USAHA MINYAK KELAPA DI KECAMATAN ENOK KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HILIR
Authors: Ramadayanti Rita , Partini Partini 
Published: May 2021

Kelapa merupakan tanaman perkebunan utama yang dibudidayakan oleh petani di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir dengan luasan mencapai 440.821 hektar. Salah satu produk turunan kelapa yang diusahakan oleh masyarakat terutama ibu rumah tangga di Kecamatan Enok adalah minyak kelapa. Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) Untuk mengetahui biaya total, penerimaan dan keuntungan usaha minyak kelapa yang ada di Kecamatan Enok Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir, (2) Untuk mengetahui efisiensi usaha minyak kelapa yang ada di Kecamatan Enok Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir, (3) Untuk mengetahui besarnya nilai tambah usaha minyak kelapa di Kecamatan Enok Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir. Metode penelitian dengan cara sensus yaitu seluruh pengusaha minyak kelapa sebanyak 10 orang sebagai sampel penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Biaya total pada usaha minyak kelapa di Kecamatan Enok sebesar Rp. 65.862,00 per produksi, penerimaan sebesar Rp. 131.575,00 per produksi dan keuntungan sebesar Rp. 64.862,33 per produksi, (2) Nilai Efisiensi atau R/C sebesar Rp. 1,96 artinya usahatani minyak kelapa efisien bagi pengusaha di Kecamatan Enok, (3) Nilai tambah kelapa bulat menjadi minyak kelapa sebesar Rp. 1.535,17 per kg.
Kata kunci : Minyak kelapa, efisiensi, nilai tambah.
BRT omnibus : how bus rapid transit enhances mobility
Authors: Niezgoda Michael 
Published: May 2021

<p>Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) has emerged in the 21st century as a leading form of building rapid transit in urban environs due to their ability as a rapidly implementable, relatively low-cost, flexible, and high-quality transit mode. While the popularity of the BRT mode continues to grow worldwide, there remains a degree of uncertainty over what designing for success looks like for BRT systems. This paper sought to determine whether there was a "correct" design approach for BRT implementation through literature review and case study. The case study revealed that despite differences in design and implementation, the cases successfully attained their respective planning and performance objectives. The inherent flexibility of the BRT mode allowed for BRT systems to be scaled to a wide array of operating and ridership contexts, as well as allow for incremental enhancements to the system as the passenger demands, available financing, and political will for upgrades arise. </p>
MONITORING OF THE NEW UKRAINIAN SCHOOL AS A PART OF MANAGEMENT ACTIVITY (A CASE STUDY OF THE RESEARCH ON VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE OF STUDENTS DURING GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION)
Authors:   SSI ", Denysiuk Oksana ,   Institute of Educational Analytics", Tytarenko Nataliia ,   SSI "Institute of Educational Analytics"
Published: May 2021

The implementation of any reform in general, and education in particular, includes the monitoring of its implementation. Monitoring as a management method allows achieving the purpose of control over education reform. For the purpose of our research, we have adopted the definition of monitoring as a set of standardized procedures for continuous monitoring of changes in the activities of the studied object and directing these changes to achieve the object’s given development parameters. Thus, the purpose of the article is to illustrate the use of monitoring studies to collect statistical data for the case study, such as the readiness of general secondary education institutions to introduce a specialized school as a part of the third level of general secondary education. During the basic monitoring study of the organization of career guidance work in general secondary education institutions, conducted in October-November 2020, the standardization of the procedure was followed with the help of the Google Forms service. The service was used to develop and aggregate a questionnaire for deputy directors of educational institutions. The questionnaire contained qualitative indicators on the organization of career guidance in educational institutions, namely information on the experience of work organization, its effectiveness, the need to improve the professional level of teachers for the organization of career guidance. The main results of the case study are as follows. Career guidance was organized in the majority (96,9 %) of general secondary education institutions. 69,3 % of respondents rate the efficiency of vocational guidance organized in general secondary education institutions as «high», 14,4 % – as «low» and «lower» (2,6 % and 11,8 %, respectively). The features of the organization of career guidance are revealed, the needs of educational institutions for the modernization of this work are singled out, the request of the respondents for raising the professional level on the research subject is determined. The analysis provided an opportunity to formulate conclusions and recommendations that will be an objective tool for creating a strategy for reforming career guidance, taking into account the needs of the labor market and the abilities and talents of high school students.
Histopathological Evaluation of Non-Tumorous Areas of Thyroid Gland In Thyroid Malignancy
Authors: Jahan Shahanaz , Kamal Mohammed , Huq Mirza Hamidul , Rahman Mohammad Mosiur , Islam Shamina 
Published: May 2021

Thyroid carcinoma is common and represents 1% of all human neoplasia. Incidence increases if occult carcinoma are taken into consideration. Some of the cancers of the thyroid gland have got relationship with non-neoplastic conditions such as Hashimoto thyroiditis, Graves' disease and multinodular goiter. This cross sectional study was performed on a total of 50 cases of thyroid carcinoma at the Department of Pathology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka for a period of six months from March 2012 to August 2012 for histopathological evaluation of tumor and non-tumorous areas of thyroid gland. The age range of patients with malignant thyroid tumor was 12 to 65 years with a male to female ratio 1:3.2. Lymphocyte infiltration and lymphoid follicle formation were the predominant changes in the non-tumorous areas adjacent to thyroid malignancy which are found mostly with papillary thyroid carcinoma. This study suggested that if these changes are found in thyroid specimen which are operated due to any cause including clinically benign cases, we should thoroughly search for thyroid carcinoma inside the gland.
CBMJ 2014 July: Vol. 03 No. 02 P: 09-14
Lung Ultrasound Score as a Predictor of Mortality in Patients With COVID-19
Authors: Sun Zhenxing , Zhang Ziming , Liu Jie , Song Yue , Qiao Shi , Duan Yilian , Cao Haiyan , Xie Yuji , Wang Rui , Zhang Wen , You Manjie , Yu Cheng , Ji Li , Cao Chunyan , Wang Jing , Yang Yali , Lv Qing , Wang Hongbo , Gu Haotian , Xie Mingxing 
Published: May 2021

Background: Lung injury is a common condition among hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, whether lung ultrasound (LUS) score predicts all-cause mortality in patients with COVID-19 is unknown. The aim of the present study was to explore the predictive value of lung ultrasound score for mortality in patients with COVID-19.Methods: Patients with COVID-19 who underwent lung ultrasound were prospectively enrolled from three hospitals in Wuhan, China between February 2020 and March 2020. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected from digital patient records. Lung ultrasound scores were analyzed offline by two observers. Primary outcome was in-hospital mortality.Results: Of the 402 patients, 318 (79.1%) had abnormal lung ultrasound. Compared with survivors (n = 360), non-survivors (n = 42) presented with more B2 lines, pleural line abnormalities, pulmonary consolidation, and pleural effusion (all p &lt; 0.05). Moreover, non-survivors had higher global and anterolateral lung ultrasound score than survivors. In the receiver operating characteristic analysis, areas under the curve were 0.936 and 0.913 for global and anterolateral lung ultrasound score, respectively. A cutoff value of 15 for global lung ultrasound score had a sensitivity of 92.9% and specificity of 85.3%, and 9 for anterolateral score had a sensitivity of 88.1% and specificity of 83.3% for prediction of death. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that both global and anterolateral scores were strong predictors of death (both p &lt; 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that global lung ultrasound score was an independent predictor (hazard ratio, 1.08; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–1.16; p = 0.03) of death together with age, male sex, C-reactive protein, and creatine kinase-myocardial band.Conclusion: Lung ultrasound score as a semiquantitative tool can be easily measured by bedside lung ultrasound. It is a powerful predictor of in-hospital mortality and may play a crucial role in risk stratification of patients with COVID-19.
MELD-XI Score Is Associated With Short-Term Adverse Events in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection
Authors: Wang Sunying , Wang Yuwei , Luo Manqing , Lin Kaiyang , Xie Xiaoxu , Lin Na , Yang Qingyong , Zou Tian , Chen Xinan , Xie Xianwei , Guo Yansong 
Published: May 2021

Aim: Accumulating evidence suggests that MELD-XI score holds the ability to predict the prognosis of congestive heart failure. However, most of the evidence is based on the end-stage heart failure population; thus, we aim to explore the association between the MELD-XI score and the prognosis in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).Methods: A total of 30,096 patients hospitalized for HFpEF in Fujian Provincial Hospital between January 1, 2014 and July 17, 2020 with available measures of creatinine and liver function were enrolled. The primary endpoint was 60-day in-hospital all-cause mortality. Secondary endpoints were 60-day in-hospital cardiovascular mortality and 30-day rehospitalization for heart failure.Results: A total of 222 patients died within 60 days after admission, among which 75 deaths were considered cardiogenic. And 73 patients were readmitted for heart failure within 30 days after discharge. Generally, patients with an elevated MELD-XI score tended to have more comorbidities, higher NYHA class, and higher inflammatory biomarkers levels. Meanwhile, the MELD-XI score was positively correlated with NT-pro BNP, left atrial diameter, E/e' and negatively correlated with LVEF. After adjusting for conventional risk factors, the MELD-XI score was independently associated with 60-day in-hospital all-cause mortality [hazard ratio(HR) = 1.052, 95% confidential interval (CI) 1.022–1.083, P = 0.001], 60-day in-hospital cardiovascular mortality (HR = 1.064, 95% CI 1.013–1.118, P = 0.014), and 30-day readmission for heart failure (HR = 1.061, 95% CI 1.015–1.108, P = 0.009). Furthermore, the MELD-XI score added an incremental discriminatory capacity to risk stratification models developed based on this cohort.Conclusion: The MELD-XI score was associated with short-term adverse events and provided additional discriminatory capacity to risk stratification models in patients hospitalized for HFpEF.
Etiology-Discriminative Multimodal Imaging of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Synchrotron-Based Assessment of Microstructural Tissue Remodeling
Authors: Loncaric Filip , Garcia-Canadilla Patricia , Garcia-Alvarez Ana , Sanchis Laura , Prat Susana , Doltra Adelina , Quintana Eduard , Pereda Daniel , Dejea Hector , Bonnin Anne , Sitges Marta , Bijnens Bart 
Published: May 2021

Background: Distinguishing the etiology of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is clinically relevant due to patient outcomes and management. Easily obtained, echocardiography-based myocardial deformation patterns may improve standard non-invasive phenotyping, however, the relationship between deformation phenotypes and etiology-related, microstructural cardiac remodeling has not been reported. Synchrotron radiation-based X-ray phase-contrast imaging (X-PCI) can provide high resolution, three-dimensional (3D) information on myocardial microstructure. The aim of this pilot study is to apply a multiscale, multimodality protocol in LVH patients undergoing septal myectomy to visualize in vivo and ex vivo myocardial tissue and relate non-invasive LVH imaging phenotypes to the underlying synchrotron-assessed microstructure.Methods and findings: Three patients (P1-3) undergoing septal myectomy were comprehensively studied. Medical history was collected, and patients were imaged with echocardiography/cardiac magnetic resonance prior to the procedure. Myocardial tissue samples obtained during the myectomy were imaged with X-PCI generating high spatial resolution images (0.65 μm) to assess myocyte organization, 3D connective tissue distribution and vasculature remodeling. Etiology-centered non-invasive imaging phenotypes, based on findings of hypertrophy and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) distribution, and enriched by speckle-tracking and tissue Doppler echocardiography deformation patterns, identified a clear phenotype of hypertensive heart disease (HTN) in P1, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in P2/P3. X-PCI showed extensive interstitial fibrosis with normal 3D myocyte and collagen organization in P1. In comparison, in P2/P3, X-PCI showed 3D myocyte and collagen disarray, as well as arterial wall hypertrophy with increased perivascular collagen, compatible with sarcomere-mutation HCM in both patients. The results of this pilot study suggest the association of non-invasive deformation phenotypes with etiology-related myocyte and connective tissue matrix disorganization. A larger patient cohort could enable statistical analysis of group characteristics and the assessment of deformation pattern reproducibility.Conclusion: High-resolution, 3D X-PCI provides novel ways to visualize myocardial remodeling in LVH, and illustrates the correspondence of macrostructural and functional non-invasive phenotypes with invasive microstructural phenotypes, suggesting the potential clinical utility of non-invasive myocardial deformation patterns in phenotyping LVH in everyday clinical practice.
Surface Mass Balance Models Vs. Stake Observations: A Comparison in the Lake Vostok Region, Central East Antarctica
Authors: Richter Andreas , Ekaykin Alexey A. , Willen Matthias O. , Lipenkov Vladimir Ya. , Groh Andreas , Popov Sergey V. , Scheinert Mirko , Horwath Martin , Dietrich Reinhard 
Published: May 2021

The surface mass balance (SMB) is very low over the vast East Antarctic Plateau, for example in the Vostok region, where the mean SMB is on the order of 20–35 kg m-2 a-1. The observation and modeling of spatio-temporal SMB variations are equally challenging in this environment. Stake measurements carried out in the Vostok region provide SMB observations over half a century (1970–2019). This unique data set is compared with SMB estimations of the regional climate models RACMO2.3p2 (RACMO) and MAR3.11 (MAR). We focus on the SMB variations over time scales from months to decades. The comparison requires a rigorous assessment of the uncertainty in the stake observations and the spatial scale dependence of the temporal SMB variations. Our results show that RACMO estimates of annual and multi-year SMB agree well with the observations. The regression slope between modelled and observed temporal variations is close to 1.0 for this model. SMB simulations by MAR are affected by a positive bias which amounts to 6 kg m-2 a-1 at Vostok station and 2 kg m-2 a-1 along two stake profiles between Lake Vostok and Ridge B. None of the models is capable to reproduce the seasonal distributions of SMB and precipitation. Model SMB estimates are used in assessing the ice-mass balance and sea-level contribution of the Antarctic Ice Sheet by the input-output method. Our results provide insights into the uncertainty contribution of the SMB models to such assessments.
Isotopic Compositions of Plagioclase From Plutonic Xenoliths Reveal Crustal Assimilation Below Martinique, Lesser Antilles Arc
Authors: Brown J. R. , Cooper G. F. , Nowell G. M. , Macpherson C. G. , Neill I. , Prytulak J. 
Published: May 2021

The chemical and isotopic compositions of volcanic arc lavas often show evidence for involvement of a sedimentary component during magma genesis. Determining where this sedimentary component is added to arc magmas is of vital importance for constraining the extent to which sediments and volatiles are recycled at subduction zones. Lavas from Martinique in the Lesser Antilles arc have wide ranging isotopic compositions extending to highly radiogenic values (e.g. 87/Sr/86Sr up to ∼0.710) that could, in principle, be explained by sediment addition to the mantle source or by crustal assimilation in the upper plate. We use Sr isotopic compositions of plagioclase from Martinique plutonic xenoliths to provide evidence supporting the crustal assimilation hypothesis. Plagioclase from plutonic xenoliths formed in the mid-crust (∼12 km) show a restricted range of unradiogenic Sr isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr = 0.7041–0.7042) whereas plagioclase from upper crustal plutonic xenoliths (∼6 km) show greater intra-sample variation and more radiogenic Sr isotopic compositions up to 87Sr/86Sr = 0.7047. This trend is also observed in plutonic xenolith whole rock 87Sr/86Sr. Combined, these results indicate that the range of Sr isotope compositions becomes larger and more radiogenic in Martinique magmas as a result of sediment assimilation at shallow crustal levels. This is supported by Assimilation-Fractional Crystallization modeling, which shows that assimilation of chemically and isotopically heterogenous crustal sediments can produce the isotopic variation in Martinique plutonic xenoliths and lavas. Our results highlight the importance of constraining crustal contributions from the upper plate before using arc lava geochemistry to quantify sediment and volatile recycling at subduction zones and assessing potential heterogeneity of arc mantle sources.
Article Title Variations in Growing Season NDVI and Its Sensitivity to Climate Change Responses to Green Development in Mountainous Areas
Authors: Zhu Ming , Zhang Jingjing , Zhu Lianqi 
Published: May 2021

The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is sensitive to changes in surface vegetation cover. Research into how climate change impacts surface vegetation cover is essential to manage ecological systems and promote green development. The Western Henan Mountains, located in the transitional zone between the northern subtropical and warm temperate zones of China, is an ideal location to study the impacts of climate change on surface vegetation cover. Combining a digital elevation model (DEM) with temperature and precipitation data; and MODIS-NDVI imagery (2000∼2017) for the Western Henan Mountains, this study explores variations in the growing season NDVI and its response to climate change. Results show that there are significant changes with fluctuations in NDVI values from 2000 to 2017. NDVI increased at a growth rate of 0.027 per decade (p &lt; 0.05) overall, indicating vegetation conditions have gradually improved. Although the NDVI value showed an overall increasing trend, 19.12% of the areas showed a decreasing trend, interspersing and intersecting spatially, showing significant spatial differences. NDVI increased initially, but then decreased as a function of elevation, which was shown to be proportional to slope and independent of aspect. Variables including elevation and slope gradient are shown to provide high explanation of NDVI variability, whilst temperature is shown to have a more significant impact on NDVI than precipitation. However, vegetation responses to temperature and precipitation covaried with both slope and aspect. Positive NDVI trends were strongest at low elevations (i.e., &lt;1,100 masl), which we attribute to vegetation restoration activities. Lower NDVI values characterized gentle slopes (&lt;5°), whilst higher values were, in contrast, associated with steeper slopes (5∼10°). This study highlights the complex mechanisms and their relations governing vegetation response to climate change and should form an instructive basis for both future modeling studies investigating the response of vegetation to future global warming.
Urinary Levels of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein Associate With Risk of AKI and COVID-19 Severity: A Single-Center Observational Study
Authors: Tampe Désirée , Hakroush Samy , Bösherz Mark-Sebastian , Franz Jonas , Hofmann-Winkler Heike , Pöhlmann Stefan , Kluge Stefan , Moerer Onnen , Stadelmann Christine , Ströbel Philipp , Winkler Martin Sebastian , Tampe Björn 
Published: May 2021

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is very common in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease 2019 (COVID-19) and considered as a risk factor for COVID-19 severity. SARS-CoV-2 renal tropism has been observed in COVID-19 patients, suggesting that direct viral injury of the kidneys may contribute to AKI. We examined 20 adult cases with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection requiring ICU supportive care in a single-center prospective observational study and investigated whether urinary markers for viral infection (SARS-CoV-2 N) and shedded cellular membrane proteins (ACE2, TMPRSS2) allow identification of patients at risk for AKI and outcome of COVID-19.Objectives: The objective of the study was to evaluate whether urinary markers for viral infection (SARS-CoV-2 N) and shedded cellular membrane proteins (ACE2, TMPRSS2) allow identification of patients at risk for AKI and outcome of COVID-19.Results: Urinary SARS-CoV-2 N measured at ICU admission identified patients at risk for AKI in COVID-19 (HR 5.9, 95% CI 1.4–26, p = 0.0095). In addition, the combination of urinary SARS-CoV-2 N and plasma albumin measurements further improved the association with AKI (HR 11.4, 95% CI 2.7–48, p = 0.0016). Finally, combining urinary SARS-CoV-2 N and plasma albumin measurements associated with the length of ICU supportive care (HR 3.3, 95% CI 1.1–9.9, p = 0.0273) and premature death (HR 7.6, 95% CI 1.3–44, p = 0.0240). In contrast, urinary ACE2 and TMPRSS2 did not correlate with AKI in COVID-19.Conclusions: In conclusion, urinary SARS-CoV-2 N levels associate with risk for AKI and correlate with COVID-19 severity.