bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unrest at the Laguna del Maule volcanic field 2005–2020: renewed acceleration of deformation
Authors: Le Mével H. , Córdova L. , Cardona C. , Feigl K. L. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe Laguna del Maule volcanic field in Chile has been exhibiting unrest since 2005. New GPS and InSAR data reveal a second episode of accelerated deformation beginning in late 2016 and continuing through May 2020, with an uplift rate > 290 mm/year between 2019 and 2020. To explain the spatial and temporal pattern of deformation, we apply a dynamic model of viscous magma flowing through a conduit into a fluid-filled reservoir surrounded by a heterogeneous, viscoelastic crust. A Monte Carlo procedure optimizes the ellipsoid reservoir geometry and the inlet pressure history. The two episodes of accelerating uplift are each modeled with a pressure increase rate of $\sim $
∼
9 MPa/year. Since 2016, 0.10 km3 of magma was injected into the system for a total of 0.37 km3 since 2005.
Rare element minerals’ assemblage in El Quemado pegmatites (Argentina): insights for pegmatite melt evolution from gahnite, columbite-group minerals and tourmaline chemistry and implications for minerogenesis
Authors: López de Azarevich Vanina , Fulignati Paolo , Gioncada Anna , Azarevich Miguel 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe pegmatite district of El Quemado (NW Pampean Ranges, NW Argentina) hosts several Ordovician pegmatite bodies of the LCT (Li, Cs, Ta) type. We present paragenetic assemblages for a set of samples from two of the El Quemado pegmatite groups, Santa Elena and Tres Tetas, and mineral chemistry analyses for gahnite, columbite-group minerals, tourmaline, micas, albite, microcline, and discuss the relation between their major element composition and the degree of evolution of pegmatite melts. The chemical composition of rare element minerals allows recognizing an evolutive trend reaching highly differentiated compositions, with complex paragenetic assemblages including Li-, Zr-, U-, Zn-, P-, Mn- and Ta-bearing minerals. The temperature of crystallization during the magmatic phase was below 400 °C. Non-pervasive hydrothermal alteration, testified by a moderate presence of phyllosilicates, affected the pegmatite bodies. Chlorite geothermometry indicates that the circulation of post-magmatic hydrothermal fluids occurred at a temperature ranging between 200 °C and 250 °C. The mineralogical features recognized in the El Quemado pegmatite rocks have implications for the metallogenesis of the region, suggesting that the pegmatites potentially contributed to the genesis of Ta-Nb oxide placer mineralizations.
Modeling random and non-random decision uncertainty in ratings data: a fuzzy beta model
Authors: Calcagnì Antonio , Lombardi Luigi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractModeling human ratings data subject to raters’ decision uncertainty is an attractive problem in applied statistics. In view of the complex interplay between emotion and decision making in rating processes, final raters’ choices seldom reflect the true underlying raters’ responses. Rather, they are imprecisely observed in the sense that they are subject to a non-random component of uncertainty, namely the decision uncertainty. The purpose of this article is to illustrate a statistical approach to analyse ratings data which integrates both random and non-random components of the rating process. In particular, beta fuzzy numbers are used to model raters’ non-random decision uncertainty and a variable dispersion beta linear model is instead adopted to model the random counterpart of rating responses. The main idea is to quantify characteristics of latent and non-fuzzy rating responses by means of random observations subject to fuzziness. To do so, a fuzzy version of the Expectation–Maximization algorithm is adopted to both estimate model’s parameters and compute their standard errors. Finally, the characteristics of the proposed fuzzy beta model are investigated by means of a simulation study as well as two case studies from behavioral and social contexts.
Work-family conflict and facilitation among teachers in Israel and Switzerland
Authors: Ben-Uri Ina , Melfi Giuseppe , Arcidiacono Francesco , Bova Antonio 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we examine the attitudes toward integrating work and family in a sample of 247 teachers in Switzerland and Israel. More particularly, we focus on the national context’s role in mediating the relations between professional and private spheres. The data were collected by a questionnaire implemented and administered in the two countries. The analysis reveals differences between Israeli and Swiss teachers regarding the importance of attribution to life roles and their attitudes toward conflict and facilitation. Findings suggest new insights into the consideration of cultural elements in shaping the teachers’ attitudes toward the integration of family and work.
Enlargeable length-structure and scalar curvatures
Authors: Deng Jialong 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe define enlargeable length-structures on closed topological manifolds and then show that the connected sum of a closed n-manifold with an enlargeable Riemannian length-structure with an arbitrary closed smooth manifold carries no Riemannian metrics with positive scalar curvature. We show that closed smooth manifolds with a locally CAT(0)-metric which is strongly equivalent to a Riemannian metric are examples of closed manifolds with an enlargeable Riemannian length-structure. Moreover, the result is correct in arbitrary dimensions based on the main result of a recent paper by Schoen and Yau. We define the positive MV-scalar curvature on closed orientable topological manifolds and show the compactly enlargeable length-structures are the obstructions of its existence.
Projection or encounter? Investigating Hans Jonas’ case for natural teleology
Authors: Hverven Sigurd , Netland Thomas 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis article discusses Hans Jonas’ argument for teleology in living organisms, in light of recently raised concerns over enactivism’s “Jonasian turn.” Drawing on textual resources rarely discussed in contemporary enactivist literature on Jonas’ philosophy, we reconstruct five core ideas of his thinking: 1) That natural science’s rejection of teleology is methodological rather than ontological, and thus not a proof of its non-existence; 2) that denial of the reality of teleology amounts to a performative self-contradiction; 3) that the fact of evolution makes it implausible that only humans actualize purpose; 4) that the concept of metabolism delimits and gestures towards beings performing purposive activity; and 5) that concrete encounters with living organisms are indispensable for the judgment that they are purposive. Lastly, we draw attention to how Jonas’ understanding of teleology and inwardness in nonhuman life in terms of degrees of identity with human life poses a problem for his view. In this way, we hope to clarify what Jonas, as an important source of inspiration for the enactivist project, is proposing.
Serielle Vergleiche: Zum Unterschied, den Wiederholung macht
Authors: Ringel Leopold , Werron Tobias 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungWie entstehen und welche Wirkung entfalten Vergleichs- und Bewertungspraktiken, die Serien bilden, indem sie bestimmte Vergleichsereignisse regelmäßig wiederholen? Der Beitrag entwickelt diese Frage theoretisch und untersucht sie empirisch anhand der Geschichte von Kunst- und Hochschulrankings. Die konzeptionelle Analyse lenkt den Blick auf das „Wie“ des Vergleichens (performative Dimension) und betont, dass wiederholt und regelmäßig durchgeführte Vergleiche (serielle Vergleiche) neue Möglichkeiten erschließen, zeitliche Unterschiede festzustellen (temporales Vergleichen) sowie diese interpretativ miteinander zu verknüpfen (temporalisierendes Vergleichen). Die historische Analyse zeigt, wie sich diese Dimensionen der Zeitlichkeit von Vergleichen in der Entstehung der heutigen Kunst- und Hochschulrankings gegenseitig ermöglicht und stabilisiert haben. Dabei wird einerseits deutlich, dass ein Fokus auf Wiederholungs- und Regelmäßigkeitsmuster den Blick auf heute prominente Vergleichs- und Bewertungspraktiken grundlegend neu ausrichten kann. Zugleich zeigen sich bedeutende gesellschaftstheoretische Implikationen der Vergleichs- und Bewertungsforschung, etwa mit Blick auf die historische Ausdifferenzierung von Feldern.
Computerized Intervention in Primary Care for Women Veterans with Sexual Assault Histories and Psychosocial Health Risks: a Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Creech Suzannah K. , Pulverman Carey S. , Kahler Christopher W. , Orchowski Lindsay M. , Shea M. Tracie , Wernette Golfo Tzilos , Zlotnick Caron 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Importance
Sexual assault is a public health concern for women and is associated with subsequent psychosocial health risks of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), hazardous drinking, and intimate partner violence (IPV). Sexual assault is associated with social stigma and other barriers shown to inhibit one from seeking mental health care. Digital health technologies may overcome these barriers.

Objective
To test the impact of a brief computerized intervention delivered in primary care to reduce health risks and increase mental health treatment utilization among women with histories of sexual assault and current health risks.

Design, Setting, and Participants
The Safe and Healthy Experiences (SHE) program was tested in a randomized controlled trial with N = 153 women veterans at a Veterans Health Administration (VHA) medical center, and they completed assessments at baseline, 2 months, and 4 months.

Intervention
SHE is a brief motivational interviewing and psychoeducation-based computerized intervention. SHE was compared to a screen and referral-only control condition.

Main Measures
Health risks were measured via validated self-report instruments. Treatment initiation and utilization were measured via self-report and chart review.

Results
SHE did not impact women’s number of health risks (all p’s > .05). However, women randomized to SHE showed significantly greater increases in treatment use compared to women in the control group, as measured by chart review (χ2 (1, n = 153) = 4.38, p = .036, rs = .16), and self-report (χ2 (1, n = 130) = 5.89, p = .015, rs = .21). SHE was found to be an acceptable intervention.

Conclusions
SHE was effective in improving mental health treatment initiation and utilization compared to a control group. Computer-based interventions to address sexual trauma and its consequences are acceptable, are highly scalable, and can add value to primary care with little cost or increase in provider time.

Trial Registration
Clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT02957747.
The role of actigraphy in sleep medicine
Authors: Acker Jens G. , Becker-Carus C. , Büttner-Teleaga Antje , Cassel Werner , Danker-Hopfe Heidi , Dück Alexander , Frohn Corinna , Hein Holger , Penzel Thomas , Rodenbeck Andrea , Roenneberg Till , Sauter Cornelia , Weeß Hans-Günter , Zeitlhofer Josef , Richter Kneginja 
Published: May 2021

AbstractActigraphy has been used for more than 60 years to objectively measure sleep–wake rhythms. Improved modern devices are increasingly employed to diagnose sleep medicine disorders in the clinical setting. Although less accurate than polysomnography, the chief advantage of actigraphs lies in the cost-effective collection of objective data over prolonged periods of time under everyday conditions. Since the cost of wrist actigraphy is not currently reimbursed, this method has not enjoyed wide acceptance to date. The present article provides an overview of the main clinical applications of actigraphy, including the recommendations of specialist societies.
Towards a Theory of Digital Well-Being: Reimagining Online Life After Lockdown
Authors: Dennis Matthew J. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractGlobal lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic have offered many people first-hand experience of how their daily online activities threaten their digital well-being. This article begins by critically evaluating the current approaches to digital well-being offered by ethicists of technology, NGOs, and social media corporations. My aim is to explain why digital well-being needs to be reimagined within a new conceptual paradigm. After this, I lay the foundations for such an alternative approach, one that shows how current digital well-being initiatives can be designed in more insightful ways. This new conceptual framework aims to transform how philosophers of technology think about this topic, as well as offering social media corporations practical ways to design their technologies in ways that will improve the digital well-being of users.
Overcoming the efficiency gap: energy management as a means for overcoming barriers to energy efficiency, empirical support in the case of Austrian large firms
Authors: Schützenhofer Christian 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe energy efficiency gap has been presented as a prevalent paradox in the literature as individuals and firms fail to invest money or effort in seemingly highly profitable efficiency improvements. This article contributes to answering which management tools promote the realization of economic energy savings. This article first provides a comparison of the barriers to energy efficiency in firms from the literature with the prescriptions of ISO standards for energy management. Second, we provide empirical evidence that such ISO-certified large Austrian firms increased implementation of energy efficiency measures by 165% compared to those firms with business-as-usual decision-making methods. These higher conservation efforts observed support the hypothesis that ISO standards are an effective instrument to overcome efficiency barriers in an economic way. The main contributing factors for this achievement are the internalization of the identification process of savings potentials and setting up a stringent decision-making and governance process, thereby increasing implementation rates of measures.
Towards circular phosphorus: The need of inter- and transdisciplinary research to close the broken cycle
Authors: Stamm Christian , Binder Claudia R. , Frossard Emmanuel , Haygarth Philip M. , Oberson Astrid , Richardson Alan E. , Schaum Christian , Schoumans Oscar , Udert Kai M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPhosphorus (P) is an essential element to all living beings but also a finite resource. P-related problems center around broken P cycles from local to global scales. This paper presents outcomes from the 9th International Phosphorus Workshop (IPW9) held 2019 on how to move towards a sustainable P management. It is based on two sequential discussion rounds with all participants. Important progress was reported regarding the awareness of P as finite mineable resource, technologies to recycle P, and legislation towards a circular P economy. Yet, critical deficits were identified such as how to handle legacy P, how climate change may affect ecosystem P cycling, or working business models to up-scale existing recycling models. Workshop participants argued for more transdisciplinary networks to narrow a perceived science-practice/policy gap. While this gap may be smaller in reality as illustrated with a Swiss example, we formulate recommendations how to bridge this gap more effectively.
Porphyrin accumulation in humans with common dysfunctional variants of ABCG2, a porphyrin transporter: potential association with acquired photosensitivity
Authors: Sakiyama Masayuki , Matsuo Hirotaka , Toyoda Yu , Yonekura Yuiko , Ishikawa Takahiro , Nakayama Akiyoshi , Higashino Toshihide , Kawamura Yusuke , Fujimoto Norihiro , Shinomiya Nariyoshi , Satoh Takahiro 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPhotosensitivity is a skin reaction disorder mediated by phototoxic and/or photoallergic mechanisms. The accumulation of porphyrins is generally considered to induce phototoxicity. ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) has been identified as a transporter of porphyrins and its common variants—p.Gln126Ter (rs72552713) and p.Gln141Lys (rs2231142)—reportedly decrease the function of porphyrin transport in vitro; however, the physiological importance of ABCG2 as a porphyrin transporter remains to be fully elucidated. We herein investigated whether ABCG2 dysfunction could lead to porphyrin accumulation and photosensitivity in Japanese subjects, and found it to be significantly correlated with erythrocyte protoporphyrin levels (P = 0.012). This appears to be the first clinical finding of ABCG2 dysfunction-associated protoporphyrin accumulation in humans. We divided the patients into a chronic actinic dermatosis (CAD) group and a non-CAD group. CAD was diagnosed based on the criteria of reduced minimal erythema doses to ultraviolet B (UVB) and/or ultraviolet A (UVA). The non-CAD group was composed of patients who exhibited normal reactions to UVB and UVA on phototesting, but had histories of recurrent erythema/papules on sun-exposed areas. Estimated ABCG2 function according to ABCG2 genotypes in the non-CAD group was significantly lower than in the general Japanese population (P = 0.045). In contrast, no difference was found in ABCG2 function between the CAD group and the general population, suggesting that ABCG2 dysfunction might be a genetic factor in non-CAD patients with clinical photosensitivity. In this context, genetic dysfunction of ABCG2 might be an overlooked pathological etiology of “photosensitivity of unknown cause.”
Articles of Association in UK Private Companies: An Empirical Leximetric Study
Authors: Hardman Jonathan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe final provisions of the UK’s Companies Act 2006 have now been in force for 10 years. Part of this regime included a new form of model constitution, known as the Model Articles. This article uses empirical data to establish whether the Model Articles have been used in practice or not. To do so, it tracks the constitutions of a sample of companies (those incorporated in Scotland in October 2009) from their incorporation until December 2017. It undertakes a leximetric methodology to code 12 variables across the constitutions, with a 0 being coded for convergence to the default regime and 1 being coded for divergence from the default regime. The results show that the majority of companies do not deviate from the default regime, other than in one respect: most allowed for the ability to appoint alternate directors. More importantly, however, the dataset shows that few of the sample companies amended their articles of association following incorporation, and that there is a strong correlation between certain coding patterns and the presenter, or formation agent, used to incorporate the company.
Diverse Sexual Behaviors in Undergraduate Students: Findings From a Campus Probability Survey
Authors: Herbenick Debby , Patterson Callie , Beckmeyer Jonathon , Gonzalez Yael R. Rosenstock , Luetke Maya , Guerra-Reyes Lucia , Eastman-Mueller Heather , Valdivia Dubravka Svetina , Rosenberg Molly 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundProbability-based surveys of college students typically assess sexual behaviors such as oral, vaginal, and anal sex. Little is known about the broader range of sexual behaviors in which students engage.AimsIn a random sample survey of undergraduate students, we aimed to: (1) describe how recently participants had engaged in solo and partnered sexual behaviors, (2) examine how frequently participants enacted certain rough sex sexual behaviors (e.g., light spanking, hard spanking, choking, slapping, and others), (3) assess participants’ frequency of experiencing certain rough sex behaviors, (4) describe participants’ frequency of threesome/group sex, (5) assess the characteristics of participants’ experiences with choking during sex; and (6) examine choking and face slapping in regard to consent.MethodsA confidential, online cross-sectional survey of 4,989 randomly sampled undergraduate students at a large U.S. university.OutcomesParticipants reported having engaged in a broad range of solo and partnered sexual activities, including rough sex behaviors.RESULTSThe most prevalent general sexual behaviors were solo masturbation (88.6%), oral sex (79.4% received, 78.4% performed), penile-vaginal intercourse (73.5%), and partnered masturbation (71.1%). Anal intercourse was the least prevalent of these behaviors (16.8% received, 25.3% performed). Among those with any partnered sexual experience, 43.0% had choked a partner, 47.3% had been choked, 59.1% had been lightly spanked and 12.1% had been slapped on the face during sex.Clinical translationCollege health clinicians and educators need to be aware of the diverse and evolving range of solo and partnered sexual behaviors reported by students. In addition to counseling students about pregnancy and sexually transmitted infection risk, clinicians might assess patients’ engagement in diverse sexual behaviors, such as choking/strangulation during sex, given the risk for serious outcomes including death.Strengths and limitationsStrengths of our research include the large sample size, use of random sampling, high response rate for college populations, broad range of behaviors assessed, and novel data on choking during sex. Among our limitations, we did not assess to what extent the experiences were wanted, pleasurable, or appealing to participants. Except for in relation to choking and slapping, we also did not assess issues of consent.CONCLUSIONParticipants reported engaging in diverse sexual behaviors, some of which have important clinical implications, are understudied, and warrant further research.
Further Insights on Fake-Barn Cases and Intuition Variation
Authors: Bergenholtz Carsten , Busch Jacob , Praëm Sara Kier 
Published: May 2021

AbstractStudies in experimental philosophy claim to document intuition variation. Some studies focus on demographic group-variation; Colaçoet al., for example, claim that age generates intuition variation regarding knowledge attribution in a fake-barn scenario. Other studies claim to show intuition variation when comparing the intuition of philosophers to that of non-philosophers. The main focus has been on documenting intuition variation rather than uncovering what underlying factor(s) may prompt such a phenomenon. We explore a number of suggested explanatory hypotheses put forth by Colaçoet al., as well as an attempt to test Sosa's claim that intuition variance is a result of people ‘filling in the details’ of a thought experiment differently from one another. We show (i) that people respond consistently across conditions aimed at ‘filling in the details’ of thought experiments, (ii) that risk attitude does not seem relevant to knowledge ascription, (iii) that people's knowledge ascriptions do not vary due to views about defeasibility of knowledge. Yet, (iv) we find no grounds to reject that a large proportion of people appear to adhere to so-called subjectivism about knowledge, which may explain why they generally have intuitions about the fake-barn scenario that vary from those of philosophers.
1178 J, 527 nm near diffraction limited laser based on a complete closed-loop adaptive optics controlled off-axis multi-pass amplification laser system
Authors: Wang Deen , Zhang Xin , Dai Wanjun , Yang Ying , Deng Xuewei , Chen Lin , Xie Xudong , Hu Dongxia , Jing Feng , Yang Zeping , Yuan Qiang , Wei Xiaofeng , Zhu Qihua , Zheng Wanguo , Zhang Xiaomin , Huang Lei 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA 1178 J near diffraction limited 527 nm laser is realized in a complete closed-loop adaptive optics (AO) controlled off-axis multi-pass amplification laser system. Generated from a fiber laser and amplified by the pre-amplifier and the main amplifier, a 1053 nm laser beam with the energy of 1900 J is obtained and converted into a 527 nm laser beam by a KDP crystal with 62% conversion efficiency, 1178 J and beam quality of 7.93 times the diffraction limit (DL). By using a complete closed-loop AO configuration, the static and dynamic wavefront distortions of the laser system are measured and compensated. After correction, the diameter of the circle enclosing 80% energy is improved remarkably from 7.93DL to 1.29DL. The focal spot is highly concentrated and the 1178 J, 527 nm near diffraction limited laser is achieved.