bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Progressive Shifts in the Gut Microbiome Reflect Prediabetes and Diabetes Development in a Treatment-Naive Mexican Cohort
Authors: Diener Christian , Reyes-Escogido María de Lourdes , Jimenez-Ceja Lilia M. , Matus Mariana , Gomez-Navarro Claudia M. , Chu Nathaniel D. , Zhong Vivian , Tejero M. Elizabeth , Alm Eric , Resendis-Antonio Osbaldo , Guardado-Mendoza Rodolfo 
Published: January 2021

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global epidemic that affects more than 8% of the world’s population and is a leading cause of death in Mexico. Diet and lifestyle are known to contribute to the onset of T2D. However, the role of the gut microbiome in T2D progression remains uncertain. Associations between microbiome composition and diabetes are confounded by medication use, diet, and obesity.Here we present data on a treatment-naive cohort of 405 Mexican individuals across varying stages of T2D severity. Associations between gut bacteria and more than 200 clinical variables revealed a defined set of bacterial genera that were consistent biomarkers of T2D prevalence and risk. Specifically, gradual increases in blood glucose levels, beta cell dysfunction, and the accumulation of measured T2D risk factors were correlated with the relative abundances of four bacterial genera. In a cohort of 25 individuals, T2D treatment—predominantly metformin—reliably returned the microbiome to the normoglycemic community state. Deep clinical characterization allowed us to broadly control for confounding variables, indicating that these microbiome patterns were independent of common T2D comorbidities, like obesity or cardiovascular disease. Our work provides the first solid evidence for a direct link between the gut microbiome and T2D in a critically high-risk population. In particular, we show that increased T2D risk is reflected in gradual changes in the gut microbiome. Whether or not these T2D-associated changes in the gut contribute to the etiology of T2D or its comorbidities remains to be seen.
Serum Ratio of Free Triiodothyronine to Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone: A Novel Index for Distinguishing Graves’ Disease From Autoimmune Thyroiditis
Authors: Wu Zhiyong , Zhu Yu , Zhang Min , Wang Chen , Zhou Lingli , Liu Wei , Yang Wenjia , Li Meng , Zhang Simin , Ren Qian , Han Xueyao , Ji Linong 
Published: January 2021

ObjectiveGraves’ disease (GD) and autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) are two major causes of thyrotoxicosis that require correct diagnosis to plan appropriate treatment. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the usefulness of thyroid-related parameters for distinguishing GD from AIT and identify a novel index for differential diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis.DesignThis retrospective study was performed using electronic medical records in Peking University People’s Hospital (Beijing, China).MethodsIn total, 650 patients with GD and 155 patients with AIT from December 2015 to October 2019 were included in cohort 1. Furthermore, 133 patients with GD and 14 patients with AIT from December 2019 to August 2020 were included in cohort 2 for validation of the novel index identified in cohort 1. All patients were of Chinese ethnicity and were newly diagnosed with either GD or AIT. Thyroid-related clinical information was collected before intervention by reviewing the patients’ electronic medical records. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to identify the optimal cutoff for distinguishing GD from AIT.ResultsIn cohort 1, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor antibody was identified as the best indicator for distinguishing GD from AIT. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.99(95% confidence interval: 0.98–0.99, p&lt;0.0001)and the optimal cutoff was 0.84 IU/l (98% sensitivity and 99% specificity). The free triiodothyronine (FT3)/TSH ratio (FT3/TSH) was the second –best for distinguishing GD from AIT, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of FT3/TSH was 0.86 (95% confidence interval: 0.84–0.88, p&lt;0.0001); its optimal cutoff was 1.99 pmol/mIU (79% sensitivity and 80% specificity). Its effectiveness was confirmed in cohort 2 (81% sensitivity and 100% specificity).ConclusionsThe FT3/TSH ratio is a new useful index for differential diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis, especially when combined with TRAb.
Screening of FDA-Approved Drug Library Identifies Adefovir Dipivoxil as Highly Potent Inhibitor of T Cell Proliferation
Authors: Voss Linda , Guttek Karina , Reddig Annika , Reinhold Annegret , Voss Martin , Schraven Burkhart , Reinhold Dirk 
Published: January 2021

Repositioning of approved drugs for identifying new therapeutic purposes is an alternative, time and cost saving strategy to classical drug development. Here, we screened a library of 786 FDA-approved drugs to find compounds, which can potentially be repurposed for treatment of T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases. Investigating the effect of these diverse substances on mitogen-stimulated proliferation of both, freshly stimulated and pre-activated (48 h) peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), we discovered Adefovir Dipivoxil (ADV) as very potent compound, which inhibits T cell proliferation in a nanomolar range. We further analyzed the influence of ADV on proliferation, activation, cytokine production, viability and apoptosis of freshly stimulated as well as pre-activated human T cells stimulated with anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies. We observed that ADV was capable of suppressing the proliferation in both T cell stimulation systems in a dose-dependent manner (50% inhibition [IC50]: 63.12 and 364.8 nM for freshly stimulated T cells and pre-activated T cells, respectively). Moreover, the drug impaired T cell activation and inhibited Th1 (IFN-γ), Th2 (IL-5), and Th17 (IL-17) cytokine production dose-dependently. Furthermore, ADV treatment induced DNA double-strand breaks (γH2AX foci expression), which led to an increase of p53-phospho-Ser15 expression. In response to DNA damage p21 and PUMA are transactivated by p53. Subsequently, this caused cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase and activation of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Our results indicate that ADV could be a new potential candidate for treatment of T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases. Prospective studies should be performed to verify this possible therapeutic application of ADV for such disorders.
Preoperatively Estimating the Malignant Potential of Mediastinal Lymph Nodes: A Pilot Study Toward Establishing a Robust Radiomics Model Based on Contrast-Enhanced CT Imaging
Authors: Dong Mengshi , Hou Gang , Li Shu , Li Nan , Zhang Lina , Xu Ke 
Published: January 2021

PurposeTo establish and validate a radiomics model to estimate the malignancy of mediastinal lymph nodes (LNs) based on contrast-enhanced CT imaging.MethodIn total, 201 pathologically confirmed mediastinal LNs from 129 patients were enrolled and assigned to training and test sets. Radiomics features were extracted from the region of interest (ROI) delineated on venous-phase CT imaging of LN. Feature selection was performed with least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) binary logistic regression. Multivariate logistic regression was performed with the backward stepwise elimination. A model was fitted to associate mediastinal LN malignancy with selected features. The performance of the model was assessed and compared to that of five other machine learning algorithms (support vector machine, naive Bayes, random forest, decision tree, K-nearest neighbor) using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Calibration curves and Hosmer-Lemeshow tests were used to assess the calibration degree. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to assess the clinical usefulness of the logistic regression model in both the training and test sets. Stratified analysis was performed for different scanners and slice thicknesses.ResultAmong the six machine learning methods, the logistic regression model with the eight strongest features showed a significant association with mediastinal LN status and the satisfactory diagnostic performance for distinguishing malignant LNs from benign LNs. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and area under the ROC curve (AUC) were 0.850/0.803, 0.821/0.806, 0.893/0.800, and 0.922/0.850 in the training/test sets, respectively. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed that the P value was &gt; 0.05, indicating good calibration, and the calibration curves showed good agreement between the classifications and actual observations. DCA showed that the model would obtain more benefit when the threshold probability was between 30% and 90% in the test set. Stratified analysis showed that the performance was not affected by different scanners or slice thicknesses. There was no significant difference (DeLong test, P &gt; 0.05) between any two subgroups, which showed the generalization of the radiomics score across different factors.ConclusionThe model we built could help assist the preoperative estimation of mediastinal LN malignancy based on contrast-enhanced CT imaging, with stability for different scanners and slice thicknesses.
Posttreatment Non-Improved Vocal Cord Mobility Indicates the Need of Salvage Surgery for Hypopharyngeal Carcinomas
Authors: He Yu-qin , Zhang Xi-wei , Zhu Yi-ming , Ni Xiao-guang , Huang Ze-hao , An Chang-ming , Yi Jun-lin , Liu Shao-yan 
Published: January 2021

IntroductionWe aimed to analyze the relationship between the changed status of vocal cord mobility and survival outcomes.MethodsSeventy-eight patients with dysfunctional vocal cords and hypopharyngeal carcinomas accepted non-surgical treatment as the initial therapy between May 2009 and December 2016. Vocal cord mobility was assessed before and after the initial non-surgical treatment. The cord mobility status was classified as normal, impaired, and fixed. Patients with improved mobility (IM) (n =56) were retrospectively analyzed for disease-free survival (DFS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and overall survival (OS) and compared with 22 patients with non-improved mobility (non-IM).ResultsFifty-six (71.8%) patients had improved cord mobility after the initial non-surgical treatment. The non-improved cord mobility was significantly associated with shortened DFS (P=0.005), RFS (P=0.002), and OS (P&lt;0.001). If non-improved cord mobility was regarded as an indicator for local-regional recurrence within 1 year, the sensitivity and the specificity were 60.9%, 87.5% respectively. The multivariate analysis showed that improved cord mobility (P=0.006) and salvage surgery (P=0.015) were both independent protective factors for OS.ConclusionChanges in cord mobility are a key marker for predicting prognosis. Non-improved cord mobility may indicate a high possibility of a residual tumor, therefore, patients whose cord mobility remains dysfunctional or worsens after non-surgical treatment might need an aggressive salvage strategy.
Second Look After Retromuscular Repair With the Combination of Absorbable and Permanent Meshes
Authors: Robin Valle de Lersundi Alvaro , Munoz-Rodriguez Joaquín , Lopez-Monclus Javier , Blazquez Hernando Luis Alberto , San Miguel Carlos , Minaya Ana , Perez-Flecha Marina , Garcia-Urena Miguel Angel 
Published: January 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is to describe the macroscopic features and histologic details observed after retromuscular abdominal wall reconstruction with the combination of an absorbable mesh and a permanent mesh.Methods: We have considered all patients that underwent abdominal wall reconstruction (AWR) with the combination of two meshes that required to be reoperated for any reason. Data was extracted from a prospective multicenter study from 2012 to 2019. Macroscopic evaluation of parietal adhesions and histological analysis were carried out in this group of patients.Results: Among 466 patients with AWR, we identified 26 patients that underwent a reoperation after abdominal wall reconstruction using absorbable and permanent mesh. In eight patients, the reoperation was related to abdominal wall issues: four patients were reoperated due to recurrence, three patients required an operation for chronic mesh infection and one patient for symptomatic bulging. A miscellanea of pathologies was the cause for reoperation in 18 patients. During the second surgical procedures made after a minimum of 3 months follow-up, a fibrous tissue between the permanent mesh covering and protecting the peritoneum was identified. This fibrous tissue facilitated blunt dissection between the permanent material and the peritoneum. Samples of this tissue were obtained for histological examination. No case of severe adhesions to the abdominal wall was seen. In four cases, the reoperation could be carried out laparoscopically with minimal adhesions from the previous procedure.Conclusions: The reoperations performed after the combination of absorbable and permanent meshes have shown that the absorbable mesh acts as a protective barrier and is replaced by a fibrous layer rich in collagen. In the cases requiring new hernia repair, the layer between peritoneum and permanent mesh could be dissected without special difficulty. Few intraperitoneal adhesions to the abdominal wall were observed, mainly filmy, easy to detach, facilitating reoperations.
Sabar Dalam Al-Qur'an
Authors: Ulum Khoirul , Roziqin Ahmad Khoirur 
Published: January 2021

Selama empat belas abad ini, khazanah intelektual Islam telah diperkaya dengan berbagai macam perspektif dan pendekatan dalam menafsirkan al-Quran. Di antaranya adalah dengan menggunakan metode tematik. Metode tafsir tematik adalah menetapkan topik atau masalah yang akan dibahas kemudian menghimpun ayat-ayat yang mempunyai pengertian yang sama dengan topik dan dilengkapi dengan hadis-hadis yang relevan dengan pokok bahasan dan yang perlu dicatat topik yang dibahas diusahakan pada persoalan yang langsung menyentuh kepentingan msyarakat agar Al-Qur’an sebagai petunjuk hidup dapat memberi jawaban terhadap problem masyarakat itu.
Secara bahasa “صَبَرَ” dapat berarti tabah hati, manahan, menanggung, mencegah, sedangkan secara istilah sabar dapat berarti mencegah dalam kesempitan, memlihara diri dari kehendak akal dan syara’ dan dari hal yang menuntut untuk memeliharanya.
Adapun term-term lain yang identik dengan “صَبْر” Sabar adalah Iffah (عِفَّة), Hilm (حِلْم), Qana’ah (قَنَعَةُ), dan Zuhud.Terkait sabar dalam al Qur’an, ditemukan beberpa konsep bahwa sabar dalam beberapa hal, yaitu; sabar dalam ketaatan, sabar dalam menghadapi kemaksiatan, sabar dalam mengingat perbuatan dosa dan sabar dalam meghadapi kesulitan.
Plurarisme Beragama Dalam Perspektif Hadist
Authors: Nengsih Novia 
Published: January 2021

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis larangan dan kebolehan pengucapan selamat natal kepada umat kristiani melalui perspektif hadis dan pendapat para ulama. Ulama yang melarang pengucapan selamat natal karena memahami pengucapan selamat natal merupakan bagian dari tasyabuh. Ulama yang membolehkan pengucapan natal karena berargumentasi bahwa pengucapan selamat natal merupakan toleransi dalam pluralisme beragama dan tidak menganggap pengucapan natal itu bagian dari tasyabuh. Hasil analisis ini mengungkapkan bahwa mengucapkan selamat natal boleh karena tidak ada satu hadispun yang melarangnya secara langsung dan hal itu bukan merupakan tasyabuh, tetapi hanya bentuk toleransi dalam pluralisme beragama, serta orang non muslim yang tinggal di Indonesia tergolong kafir zimmi yang perlu dilindungi bukan kafir harbi.
PENGALAMAN, KOMPLEKSITAS TUGAS DAN SELF EFFICACY SEBAGAI DETERMINAN SKEPTISISME PROFESIONAL UNTUK MEMBENTUK AUDIT JUDGMENT
Authors: Tangke Paulus , Ng Suwandi , Tungabdi Erica 
Published: January 2021

This study aims to analyze the influence of Experience, Task Complexity, and Self Efficacy on audit judgment through Professional Skepticism as an intervening variable. The population in this study is a Public Accounting Firm in Indonesia, which is listed on the Indonesian Public Accounting Firm Directory 2018. The sample in this study was 14 Public Accounting Firm in Sulawesi and using purposive sampling method. Sources of data in this study are primary data collected through questionnaires. This study use multiple linear regression analysis and path analysis.The results showed that experience has a negative and not significant on professional skepticism, task complexity has a negative and significant on professional skepticism, self efficacy has a positive and significant on professional skepticism. Experience, self efficacy, and professional skepticism has a positive and significant on audit judgment. Task complexity has a negative and significant on audit judgment. Professional skepticism can not mediate the relationship between experience on audit judgment. Professional skepticism may mediate the task complexity and self efficacy on audit judgment.
ECO-BASED REASONED ACTION MODEL: THE ROLE OF MANAGEMENT CONTROL SYSTEM
Authors: Sisdyani Eka Ardhani 
Published: January 2021

This paper aims to enrich Fishbein and Azjen’s Theory of Reasoned Action in predicting the emergence of green behavior by adding institutional-based control system to maintain green intention’s stability. Intention’s stability is a crucial construct in realizing green behavior, though, it is affected by several instances such as: resources availability, individual capabilities, new information, and cooperation and commitment of individuals. For that reason, it is plausible to argue that the existence of institutional-based control directing green behavior, such as eco-based management control systems, namely levers of eco-control, can maintain and augment one’s intention to pursue green behavior. Thus, the paper contributes in enriching the knowledge of the emergence and persistence of green behavior in organizations.
Aplikasi PLC Omron CP1E-N40 DT1-D Sebagai Sistem Kontrol Exit Roll Kiln 1 dalam Pembuatan Keramik di PT. Satyaraya Keramindoindah
Authors: Arman Syaefulloh  , Darmawan Ilham Akbar 
Published: January 2021

Pada proses produksi keramik, keluaran pembakaran keramik (Exit Roll Kiln 1) merupakan suatu proses perubahan bentuk body dan permukaan keramik menjadi keramik yang permukaannya sudah terbentuk sesuai motif dan body nya keras. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kontrol Exit Roll Kiln 1 bekerja dalam proses pembuatan keramik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian case study dengan metode pengambilan data mengandalkan observasi dan pekerjaan langsung di lapangan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem kontrol exit roll kiln 1 memegang peranan penting dalam mengendalikan keluaran keramik secara otomatis sehingga tersusun secara rapih dan cepat sehingga menambah jumlah produksi secara efisien dalam setiap waktunya. Sistem kontrol exit roll kiln 1 keramik juga berfungsi untuk memindahkan keramik hasis percetakan hingga ke mesin penyimpanan.
Sistem Monitoring berbasis Internet of things pada Suhu dan Kelembaban Udara di Laboratorium Kimia XYZ
Authors: Rangan Andi Yusika , Amelia Yusnita  , Muhammad Awaludin  
Published: January 2021

Laboratorium kimia digunakan untuk eksprimen riset ilmiah menggunakan bahan atau zat kimia yang sensitif terhadap perubahan suhu dan kelembaban. Karenanya diperlukan pengecekan suhu dan kelembaban untuk menjaga reaksi kimia yang membahayakan. Penelitian bertujuan membangun sistem monitoring berbasis Internet of things pada suhu dan kelembaban udara di laboratorium kimia XYZ sehingga pemantauan suhu dan kelembaban udara bisa dilakukan secara realtime. Metode pengembangan sistem yang digunakan adalah prototype pada metode ini proses pengembangan sistem, penguna dan pengembang sistem berkomunikasi selama proses pembuatan sistem sehingga hasilnya sesuai kebutuhan. Sistem monitoring berbasis internet of things memungkinkan pengecekan suhu dan kelembaban secara realtime. Perangkat yang digunakan adalah Sensor DHT11, sebagai pendeteksi suhu dan kelembaban udara, mikrokontroler NodeMCU ESP8266, sebagai pengolah data sehingga deteksi sensor DHT11 dapat ditampilkan pada website. Software yang digunakan Arduino Integrated Development Environment, XAMPP, dan Sublime. Dengan menerapkan sistem berbasis internet of things pemantauan suhu dan kelembaban laboratorium dapat diakses secara realtime.
Pelatihan Penggunaan Apkikasi Microsoft Office (Word, Excel, Power Point) 2010 untuk Peningkatan Kemampuan SDM PEMDES Desa Kebakalan, Karanggayam, Kebumen
Authors: Ari Waluyo  , Hamid Nasrullah  , Sotya Partiwi Ediwijoyo  
Published: January 2021

Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada masyarakat pelatihan komputer ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan atau kualitas pada perangkat desa PEMDES desa Kebakalan khususnya pada bidang administrasi secara komputerisasi. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dalam bentuk pelatihan komputer ini, para perangkat desa diberikan materi tentang pengetahuan teknologi informasi serta materi Microsoft Office 2010 (Word. Excel. Powerpoint) yang sering digunakan dalam kegiatan sehari-hari dalam pelayanan kepada masyarakat seperti pengetikan pembuatan surat-menyurat, pembuatan laporan administrasi, laporan-laporan kegiatan, laporan keuangan. Kegiatan ini diikuti oleh 10 orang perangkat desa Kebakalan, yang dilaksanakan 1 hari penuh. Hasil dari pelatihan komputer ini perangkat desa mampu dalam pembuatan surat, pengadministrasian administrasi desa secara komputerisasi, mampu mengoprasikan excel dalam membuat laporan-laporan keuangan
Pelatihan Aplikasi Mendeley untuk Referensi dalam Menulis Karya Ilmiah Bagi Guru SMK Dwijendra Denpasar
Authors: Ni Wayan Wardani  , Ni Luh Wiwik Sri Rahayu Ginantra  
Published: January 2021

Guru saat ini dituntut untuk menjadi guru yang professional. Disamping menjalankan tugas pokoknya, seorang guru dituntut untuk memiliki ketrampilan menulis karya ilmiah sebagai salah satu syarat kenaikan pangkat. Akan tetapi pada kenyataannya masih banyak guru yang memiliki ketrampilan yang minim dalam menulis karya ilmiah. Salah satu ketrampilan yang masih jarang mereka miliki adalah ketrampilan dalam membuat daftar pustaka dan sitasi. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pelatihan penggunaan software Mendeley untuk referensi dalam menulis karya ilmiah di SMK Dwijendra Denpasar. Metoda yang digunakan pada kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah ceramah, diskusi, tanya jawab, pendampingan selama pelatihan dan praktek langsung menggunakan software Mendeley. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian ini menunjukkan bahwa peserta memiliki pemahaman materi dan kemampuan untuk membuat referensi dengan baik dengan bantuan software Mendeley
Meningkatkan Peran Perempuan melalui Pengarusutamaan Gender di Kecamatan Cibatu Kabupaten Purwakarta
Authors: Eti Jumiati  
Published: January 2021

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Cibatu Kabupaten Purwakarta berfokus pada masalah “peran perempuan di masyarakat”.Sampai saat ini masih banyak masyarakat khususnya di Kecamatan Cibatu Kabupaten Purwakarta, yang bias gender. Gagal paham tentang gender dapat mengakibatkan ketidakadilan gender. Tujuan dari pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah: 1) Memberikan pemahaman kepada masyarakat tentang Pengarusutamaan Gender (PUG); 2) Memberikan pemahaman tentang Kesetaraan dan Keadilan Gender (KKG); 3) Memberikan pemahaman tentang isu-isu gender yang terjadi di masyarakat; 4) Strategi pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam meningkatkan peran perempuan di masyarakat. Metode yang dilakukan dengan memberikan sosialisasi terhadap masyarakat di Kecamatan Cibatu. Sebelumnya dilakukan riset guna memperoleh data terpilah terkait peran perempuan dan isu gender di Kecamatan Cibatu. Hasil pengabdian kepada masyarakat adalah pemahaman tentang peran, fungsi, tanggungjawab, sikap dan perilaku perempuan dan laki-laki dalam meningkatkan taraf hidupnya di masyarakat.