bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die mediterranen Kontakte des Karpatenbeckens in der Früh- und Mittelawarenzeit im Licht der Männerkleidung
Authors: Samu Levente 
Published: May 2021

Abstract of PhD thesis submitted in 2020 to the Archaeology Doctoral Programme, Doctoral School of History, Eötvös Loránd University under the supervision of Tivadar Vida, Budapest and to the Institute of the Prehistory and Medieval Archaeology at the Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg (Breisgau) under the supervision of Sebastian Brather.
Atlantis exploration: predictive biomarkers to immunotherapy response
Authors: Nosov A. K. , Krotov N. F. , Berkut M. V. 
Published: May 2021

The emergence and continuous development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy brings a revolution in cancer therapy history including urothelial carcinoma. Early accurate targeting and adequate treatment are critical to patient prognosis and overall survival. To overcome these limitations, two strategies are actively being pursued: identification of predictive biomarkers for clinical response to ICIs and multi-pronged combination therapies. Biomarkers might allow clinicians to practice a precision medicine approach in ICIs (biomarkerbased patient selection). The development of predictive biomarkers is needed to optimize patient benefit, minimize risk of toxicities, and guide combination approaches.The greatest focus in clinical trials and reviews has been on tumor-cell PD-L1 expression. Although PD-L1 positivity enriches for populations with clinical benefit, PD-L1 testing alone is insufficient for patient selection in most malignancies. In this review, we discuss the status of PD-L1 testing and explore emerging data on new biomarker strategies with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, mutational burden, immune gene signatures, microsatellite instability and molecular subtypes.
Charles Brenton Huggins. Francis Peyton Rous
Authors: Karyakin O. B. 
Published: May 2021

The article is dedicated to two Nobel laureates Charles Brenton Huggins and Francis Peyton Rous.Charles Huggins research on prostate cancer has changed the attitude of scientists to understanding the development of all malignant cells and for the first time gave hope for the prospect of treating advanced forms of cancer. Dr. Huggins' was a pioneer in the understanding of the physiology and biochemistry of the male urinary tract and was able to extend his discoveries from this area to many other areas. In 1966, Dr. Huggins received the Nobel Prize for his research on the relationship between hormones and prostate cancer.Francis Peyton Rous discovered that sarcomas in chickens can be transmitted by birds of the same inbred population not only by inoculating tumor cells, but also by injecting a submicroscopic agent extracted from them. This discovery gave rise to the viral theory of cancer causality. He was able to prove that some “spontaneous” chicken tumors, apparently classic neoplasms, are actually triggered and controlled by viruses that also determine their shape.In 1966, Dr. Huggins received the Nobel Prize (with virologist Peyton Rous) for his research on the relationship between hormones and prostate cancer. The Nobel Committee cited his fundamental discoveries concerning the hormonal dependence of normal and neoplastic cells in experimental animals and their immediate practical application for the treatment of human prostate and breast cancer. In 1966, Peyton Rose was awarded the Nobel Prize.
The 9 October 1963 Vajont Catastrophe from the Point of View of the WWSSN-LP Recordings of the TRI-117 Station, Trieste, Italy
Authors: Parolai Stefano , Sandron Denis , Rebez Alessandro 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this study, we analyze the seismic signal generated by the 1963 Vajont catastrophic landslide recorded at the Worldwide Standardized Seismographic Station Network-Long Period station of Trieste (Italy). The landslide (nearly 260–270  million m3) invaded an artificial reservoir designed for electrical production, and generated a 220 m high wave that flowed over the dam and claimed the lives of approximately 2000 people. The original seismograms have been digitized and analyzed using time–frequency tools and numerical simulations. The results indicate that a seismic signal comparable to that generated by an Ms 3.7 earthquake was generated by the landslide. Furthermore, the calculated nearly 2×1014  J of frictional energy, considering the known parameter of the mass movement, is compatible with a friction coefficient of 0.29, in excellent agreement with the values from previous studies. The seismic efficiency that we calculate (1.12×10−4–4.45×10−4), also taking into account available data on the landslide, is within the range of values previously noted in literature. Finally, via the numerical simulations and adopting an ad hoc crustal model for the area, the origin time of the event is estimated at 21 hr 41 min 42 s UTC. The results confirm the importance of the re-analysis of analog seismograms with modern tools within a multihazard context.
Identificación de principales causas de contagio del Covid-19
Authors: Altamar Chacón Katty , Monsalve Villarreal María , Vásquez Hoyos Daniela , Troncoso Palacio Alexander 
Published: May 2021

El ministerio de salud es una entidad que tiene como función coordinar con las áreas y las entidades adscritas y vinculadas a la gestión de asuntos internacionales y de cooperación del sector de la salud. Teniendo en cuenta esta entidad, podemos definir el COVID-19 como un virus que surge de manera periódica en distintas partes del mundo, que afecta principalmente el sistema respiratorio, además de que le puede dar a cualquier persona, sean bebés, niños, jóvenes, adultos y adultos de la tercera edad. De acuerdo con la entidad, el Atlántico fue uno de los departamentos que avanzó rápidamente con índices de afectados por COVID-19, en el mes de Julio, ya teníamos 52.313 casos activos. Ya en el mes de agosto, el índice de activos fue de unos 59.101 casos. Y Actualmente los casos en el mes de octubre fueron de 68.621. La ciudad de Barranquilla es uno de los lugares de los cuales no cuenta con una preparación para este nivel de afectaciones, puesto que se está viendo afectado e involucrado la salud mental de aquellas personas profesionales de la misma área, debido a su alto índice y poca prevención al comienzo del contagio de este virus. La organización mundial de la salud fue una de las entidades que hablo sobre el mismo tema dando recomendaciones necesarias para prevenir y evitar la propagación de esta enfermedad, con el objetivo de lograr la disminución del registro de afectados.
No conformes con todos estos casos, actualmente se maneja la desinformación para muchas personas, el mal manejo de los medios hace que las personas obtengan un mal manejo de la enfermedad, no sabiendo que esto es uno de los principales factores para el mejoramiento tanto emocional como el de la salud.
Overview of 254 mild cases of COVID-19 in Bangladeshi cohort: a cross-sectional observation
Authors: Zahan Tahmina , Nasir Morshed , Perveen Rawshan Ara , Akhtar Afzal , Rahman A. F. M. Mohibur , Farha Nadia , Chowdhury A. S. M. Salauddin 
Published: May 2021

Background: The first recognition of a cluster of COVID-19 patients in China in late 2019, has become a major concern due to its greater transmissibility and vulnerability of the patient to turn to fever, cough, breathlessness, pneumonia then eventually severe acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring intensive care unit (ICU) support. But most of the affected patients get cured following mild symptoms and very only a few of them get hospitalized. The objective of the study was to observe the demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, comorbidities, and biomarkers (hematological, inflammatory, hepatic, renal, and metabolic) of mild cases of COVID-19 infected patients admitted to the hospital during the peak four months of the pandemic.Methods: Age, sex, symptoms, comorbidities, and biomarkers (Hb%, WBC, lymphocyte, neutrophil, platelet count, HCT(hematocrit), NLR(neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, d-NLR derived neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, PLR(platelet-lymphocyte-ratio), d-Dimer, ferritin, CRP(C-reactive protein), PT(prothrombin time), INR(international normalized ratio), SGPT, S.creatinine, HbA1C of all rt-PCR positive mild cases were recorded in this retrospective observational study in a tertiary care hospital dedicated to COVID-19 at Dhaka, Bangladesh was done from 15th May to 9th September, 2020. Age, sex, symptoms, and comorbidities were compared by chi-square test and biomarkers were compared by one-way ANOVA. Results: Out of 254 cases 44 were female and 210 were male with a ratio of 1:4.77. Average age was 39.04. Largest population belongs to the 30-39 years of age range. Among the symptoms, anorexia (18.5%), fever (17.71%), and anosmia (16.9%) were most prevalent symptoms among the mild cases. However, diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN) were predominant comorbidities. Mostly all the biomarkers were significant among groups (Hb%, Total WBC, neutrophil count, platelet count, HCT, NLR, d-NLR, d-Dimer, ferritin, CRP, PT, SGPT, creatinine, HbA1C except lymphocyte count, PLR, and INR. The severity of disease progression depends on the co-morbidity and hyper-responsiveness inflammatory or immunological biomarkers to predict.Conclusions: In mild cases of COVID-19 male predominance was more and the most affected group was 30-39 years. They suffered more from anorexia and fever and DM and HTN were common comorbidities. Mostly all the biomarkers were significant. Moreover, further large-scale studies are needed to evaluate the number of mild cases and their prognostic features to develop and modify the treatment strategy and public health awareness time to time.
PREVALENCE AND ETIOLOGY OF LOWER JAW FRACTURES
Authors: Gilmanova Guzel , Gasimzade Javid , Ksembaev Said , Gilmanov Anas 
Published: May 2021

Subject. A review of the literature on the topical problem of maxillofacial surgery and dental surgery — the prevalence and etiology of mandibular fractures is presented. The aim of the study was to study the materials of publications on the prevalence and etiology of mandibular fractures.
Methodology. The publications of domestic and foreign authors, testifying to the prevalence and etiology of mandibular fractures, were studied.
Results. The publications confirm the tendency of an increase in the number of mandibular fractures. Fractures of the mandible are of polyfactorial origin.
The research results demonstrate the presence of a specific connection between fractures of the lower jaw and social (region of residence, socio-economic state, cultural characteristics, lifestyle, etc.), age and gender factors.
Conclusions. Fractures of the lower jaw prevail in the structure of fractures of the bones of the facial skeleton. The majority of patients are urban residents. One-sided fractures are most common.
The greatest number of mandibular fractures is recorded in the age group 21-30 years. At the same time, the youth age group is dominant here. A low incidence of fractures was noted in the elderly group.
Mandibular fractures are more common in men than in women in a ratio of ~ 4: 1, but the proportion of women with fractures of the mandible has recently been increasing.
Mandibular fractures are most common in the summer months, with Sunday dominating the days of the week.
Mandibular fractures can be caused by a variety of factors. In recent years, there has been an upward trend in the number of fractures caused by road traffic accidents in many countries. Female patients indicate a high incidence of violence against them. Falls are the most common cause of fractures in older people.
There is a definite relationship between the incidence of fractures and the use of alcohol and other psychoactive substances.
A intervenção positiva do Estado no domínio econômico por meio da forma cooperativa
Authors: Bellato Kaluf Marco Aurélio 
Published: May 2021

Este artigo propõe que a forma econômica cooperativa, no Brasil, seja um meio determinado pela Constituição Federal para que o Estado promova o equilibro socioeconômico. A intervenção estatal não pode se limitar a neutralizar falhas de mercado, mas pelo contrário, por ordem constitucional, é determinado ao Estado o dever de apoio e estímulo à forma econômica cooperativa para proporcionar mais uma ferramenta aos cidadãos para participar da livre concorrência. Dessa maneira, garante-se, como direito fundamental, que o cidadão tenha a possibilidade de se livrar da hipossuficiência e passar a ser agente no âmbito da livre concorrência, assim também atuando para a obtenção do bem-estar social comum.
Recibido: 15 febrero 2021Aceptado: 25 marzo 2021
Tierischer als jeder Tier1: as assembleias gerais digitais ou semipresenciais em cooperativas como controladoras de dados dos seus cooperados
Authors: Krueger Guilherme , Gonçalves Moreira Tatiana 
Published: May 2021

Com propedêutica referenciada na personagem Fausto, de Goethe, uma correlação fenomenológica entre a gestão democrática das cooperativas e tecnologia da informação é feita com a abordagem das Leis brasileiras 13.709/18 e 14.030/20, respectivamente a Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados (LGPD) e alteração na Lei Geral das Cooperativas (Lei 5.764/71) para previsão das assembleias gerais digitais ou semipresenciais. A correlação expõe uma instabilidade potencial entre a supremacia democrática manifesta em suas assembleias e o desempenho tecnológico marcado por densa normatividade regulatória.
Recibido: 28 noviembre 2020Aceptado: 06 enero 2021
Distopies in today’s ceramic art: The example of EFE Turkel’s ‘Magna mater series ’
Authors: Yelmen Fevziye 
Published: May 2021

In this study, ceramic artist EFE Turkel’s ‘Magna Mater’ series will be analysed using the phenomenological method in the context of the concept of dystopia. Whether there is a spatial belonging to utopia is a phenomenon that has been debated by philosophers. In other words, the question of whether utopia is a place to live is part of these discussions. On the other hand, with utopia, there is also the concept of dystopia, which is handled with an almost dialectical approach, spatialised as an inhabitable and impossible place. The concept of dystopia, used by John Stuart Mill in 1868, was encountered especially in literary works. When the concepts of dystopia and utopia are evaluated in the context of life experiences, it can be said that the starting point of the concept of dystopia is based on a previously experienced life practice. While utopia is the reciprocal of idealisation, dystopia is, on the contrary, built on the imperfect. Dystopia as an artistic phenomenon that takes place within the existentialism of mankind. It represents a place that does not exist in the mind of the viewer, but on the other hand, this non-existent place is also another not yet experienced place of an experienced place. Since dystopia emerges as a contradiction to the concept of utopia, the first examples are critical, and in the later examples the introversion and unhappiness that the artists live in their production and inner world are dominant. These thoughts have been featured in novels such as Fahrenheit 451 and Brave New World. In addition, the dystopic city image created in the movie Metropolis and some scenes depicted in the 1984 novel are examples of this. Edvard Munch’s The Scream, Henry Moore’s sculptures and Benjamin Peret’s Automata photographs are among the known examples. The works of artists such as Kannar Lichtenberger, Hoffmann Ruan and Alison Ruttan can be shown as examples of dystopic approaches in today’s ceramic art.
Keywords: Utopia, dystopia, ceramic, Art, EFE Turkel.
Оценка корреляционной связи между результатами исследования образцов плазмы крови доноров-реконвалесцентов, перенесших коронавирусную инфекцию COVID-19, в тест-системах «ДС-ИФА-АНТИ-SARS-CoV-2-G (S)», «ДС-ИФА-АНТИ-SARS-CoV-2-G-количественный» и в реакции нейтрализации
Authors: Матвеева Елена , Макарова Ирина , Фисенко Наталия , Обрядина Анна 
Published: May 2021

Проведена работа по оценке корреляционной связи между результатами исследования образцов плазмы крови доноров, перенесших коронавирусную инфекцию COVID-19, в тест-системах «ДС-ИФА-АНТИ-SARS-CoV-2-G (S)» и «ДС-ИФА-АНТИ-SARS-CoV-2-G-количественный» производства ООО «НПО «Диагностические системы» (г. Нижний Новгород), и в реакции нейтрализации (РН). В качестве объектов исследования использовали 49 образцов плазмы крови доноров-реконвалесцентов COVID-19 с установленным титром вируснейтрализующих антител (ВНА) для каждого образца.
По результатам исследования была установлена статистически значимая корреляция между титром антител класса G к SARS-COV-2 в иммуноферментном анализе (ИФА) и титром ВНА, а также значениями оптической плотности (ОП), коэффициента позитивности (КП) в ИФА и титром ВНА в плазме крови доноров при использовании тест-системы «ДС-ИФА-АНТИ-SARS-CoV-2-G (S)». Коэффициент корреляции Спирмена составил 0,948 и 0,837 соответственно, при уровне значимости р<0,0001. Чувствительность и специфичность тест-системы «ДС-ИФА-АНТИ-SARS-CoV-2-G (S)» при тестировании образцов от потенциальных доноров гипериммунной плазмы составили 100% и 85,7% соответственно, по критерию титра антител ≥1600, и 100% и 91,4% по критериям ОП ≥3,000 (КП ≥ 9,6).
Установлена статистически значимая корреляция между концентрацией антител класса G к SARS-COV-2 в тест-системе «ДС-ИФА-АНТИ-SARS-CoV-2-G количественный» и титром ВНА в плазме крови доноров. Коэффициент корреляции Спирмена составил 0,854. Для этой тест-системы установлена концентрация антител класса G к RBD-домену Spike-белка, соответствующая ВНА в титре ≥1/160, которая составила 150 ЕдС/мл (BAU/ml).
A BMP/Activin A Chimera Induces Posterolateral Spine Fusion in Nonhuman Primates at Lower Concentrations Than BMP-2
Authors: Seeherman Howard J. , Wilson Christopher G. , Vanderploeg Eric J. , Brown Christopher T. , Morales Pablo R. , Fredricks Douglas C. , Wozney John M. 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Supraphysiologic bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 concentrations are required to induce spinal fusion. In this study, a BMP-2/BMP-6/activin A chimera (BV-265), optimized for BMP receptor binding, delivered in a recombinant human collagen:CDHA [calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite] porous composite matrix (CM) or bovine collagen:CDHA granule porous composite matrix (PCM), engineered for optimal BV-265 retention and guided tissue repair, was compared with BMP-2 delivered in a bovine absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) wrapped around a MASTERGRAFT Matrix (MM) ceramic-collagen rod (ACS:MM) in a nonhuman primate noninstrumented posterolateral fusion (PLF) model.

Methods:
In vivo retention of 125I-labeled-BV-265/CM or PCM was compared with 125I-labeled-BMP-2/ACS or BMP-2/buffer in a rat muscle pouch model using scintigraphy. Noninstrumented PLF was performed by implanting CM, BV-265/CM, BV-265/PCM, or BMP-2/ACS:MM across L3-L4 and L5-L6 or L3-L4-L5 decorticated transverse processes in 26 monkeys. Computed tomography (CT) images were acquired at 0, 4, 8, 12, and 24 weeks after surgery, where applicable. Manual palpation, μCT (microcomputed tomography) or nCT (nanocomputed tomography), and histological analysis were performed following euthanasia.

Results:
Retention of 125I-labeled-BV-265/CM was greater than BV-265/PCM, followed by BMP-2/ACS and BMP-2/buffer. The CM, 0.43 mg/cm3 BMP-2/ACS:MM, and 0.05 mg/cm3 BV-265/CM failed to generate PLFs. The 0.15-mg/cm3 BV-265/CM or 0.075-mg/cm3 BV-265/PCM combinations were partially effective. The 0.25-mg/cm3 BV-265/CM and 0.15 and 0.3-mg/cm3 BV-265/PCM combinations generated successful 2-level PLFs at 12 and 24 weeks.

Conclusions:
BV-265/CM or PCM can induce fusion in a challenging nonhuman primate noninstrumented PLF model at substantially lower concentrations than BMP-2/ACS:MM.

Clinical Relevance:
BV-265/CM and PCM represent potential alternatives to induce PLF in humans at substantially lower concentrations than BMP-2/ACS:MM.
Autocrine S100B in astrocytes promotes VEGF-dependent inflammation and oxidative stress, and causes impairment of neuroprotection
Authors: wang xuebao , yu he , liu leping , chen baihui , feng shuya , ding saidan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is strongly associated with neuroinflammation. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism of the induction of inflammatory response in MHE astrocytes remains unclear. In this study, we further investigated the effect and mechanism of S100B, predominant isoform expressed and released from mature astrocytes, on MHE-like neuropathology in the MHE rat model. We discovered that S100B expressions and autocrine were significantly increased in MHE rats and astrocytes isolated from MHE rats. Furthermore, we found that S100B stimulates VEGF expression via the interaction between TLR2 and RAGE in an autocrine manner. S100B-facilitated VEGF autocrine expression further led to a VEGFR2 and COX-2 interaction, which in turn induced the activation of NFƙB, eventually resulting in inflammation and oxidative stress caused by MHE astrocytes. Compared to WT astrocytes, impairment of MHE astrocytes supported neuronal growth in co-culture. To sum up, comprehensive-understanding of the impact of S100B-overexpressed MHE astrocyte on MHE pathology may provide insights into the etiology of MHE.
A Practical Questionnaire and Literature Review: Dose Suzuki Grading Still the Gold Standard for the Diagnosis of Moyamoya Disease?
Authors: Wei YanChang , He ShiHao , Liu ZiQi , Tan CunXin , Qin ShuSen , Wang Rong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The traditional grading method of moyamoya disease represented by Suzuki grading system has always been the gold standard for most neurosurgeons in the diagnosis of moyamoya disease. However, in recent years, more and more studies have raised questions about Suzuki grading. The purpose of this study is to describe and summarize the questions raised about the Suzuki grading and reconsider its authority, using a questionnaire and literature review. The questionnaire showed that 73.61% of neurosurgeons had questioned the Suzuki grading, among which the main problems included "unclear boundaries between grades" and "inconsistent grading between the left and right cerebral hemispheres". From December 1969 to March 2021, 105 of the 773 references raised the same questions as in the questionnaire, and 27 of the 773 references raised different questions. Some of the questioned studies hope to take multiple imaging methods into consideration for grading of moyamoya disease, and some of the studies hope to include more quantifiable imaging indicators and establish a new grading system for moyamoya disease. In summary, the clinical utility of the Suzuki grading has been questioned by most neurosurgeons and some researchers, part of the research put forward some pertinent opinions.