bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of MicroRNA-122 as A Non-invasive Diagnostic Biomarker For Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and NASH related Cirrhosis
Authors: Musa Nevine Ibrahim , Agwa Sara Hassan , Faheem Heba Ahmed , Gharib Alam El-din Ahmed Mohamed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease worldwide. NAFLD is considered to represent the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. NAFLD was traditionally considered as a relatively benign liver disease. However, some patients with NAFLD progress to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma 8-13. Therefore, the precise diagnosis and staging of NAFLD patients is clinically important. Liver biopsy is the gold standard for the evaluation of NAFLD patients in terms of staging. However, liver biopsy is an invasive technique, and the identification of noninvasive biomarkers is required.

Objective
To assess the value of MicroRNA-122 as a non-invasive biomarker for diagnosis of NAFLD and NASH related Cirrhosis.

Patients and Methods
In the present study, we assess the value of MicroRNA-122 as a noninvasive biomarker for diagnosis of NAFLD and NASH related Cirrhosis. Gastroenterology and Hepatology outpatient clinic at: Ain Shams University Hospitals, Shebin El-Kom Teaching Hospital, Kafr Elsheikh University Hospitals. Clinical Pathology department at Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University.

Results
Patients with NASH had higher NAFLD score than patients with NAFLD than normal control. Patients with NASH had significantly higher frequency of upregulated miRNA-22. Patients with NASH had higher miRNA 122 expression than normal controls and patients with NAFLD. Likewise, patients with NAFLD had higher miRNA 122 expression than normal controls. The miRNA 122 was a significant discriminator of NAFLD and NASH with a sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 82% for NAFLD and a sensitivity of 91% and specificity of 86% for the NASH.

Conclusion
miRNA-122 is a sensitive and specific biomarker in the early detection of NAFLD and NASH as they are linked to the lipid metabolism reducing the need for liver biopsy. NAFLD fibrosis score had high sensitivity in differentiating the NAFLD groups from the control group and in differentiating the steatosis group from the NASH group. Serum levels of miRNA-122 were positively correlated with BMI, ALT and AST.
Comparison between Paricalcitol versus cinacalcet therapy in the management of secondary hyperparathyroidism among prevalent hemodialysis patients
Authors: Behairy Maha A , Mahmoud Osama , Ibrahim Ayman Rabie , Attallh Aber Halim 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is one of the components of chronic kidney disease–mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) with significant contribution to the morbidity and mortality among prevalent hemodialysis (HD) patients.

Objectives
Multicentric experience study to compare the effectiveness of Intravenous (IV) paricalcitol versus oral cinacalcet and oral cinacalcet plus oral alfacalcidol as treatment regimens of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) among chronic haemodialysis (HD) patients.

Methods
Retrospective observational cohort study, 1year time horizon, 130 prevalent HD patients with SHPT were recruited from three main HD centres in Aljouf region in Saudi Arabia. Patients were divided into 3 groups: Group I (50) HD patients were treated by intravenous paricalcitol, group II (50) HD patients who received oral cinacalcet plus oral alfacalcidol, Group III (30) HD patients were on oral cinacalcet. Serum Intact parathyroid hormone, Calcium, Phosphorus and alkaline Phosphatase tests were assessed every 3 months.

Results
130 (61 (47%) females, (53%) 69 males) HD patients, mean age 56.30 ± 19.1 years, mean HD duration 4.86±4.15 year. The mean of PTH is significantly reduced in all studied groups (P &lt; 0.001). Mean Δchanges in iPTH concentration in group I, II, III was (-242.11±148.75,225.54±153.91,-254.83±275.17)(P &gt; 0.05) respectively with statistical non-significant differences. Increase of CaxPo4 with paricalcitol group as mean ΔChange in (CaxPO4) was in the group I, II, III(15.39±9.46,1.97±11.74,-2.89 ±9.37) respectively (P &lt; 0.001). Significant increase in serum phosphorus from the baseline in patients in group II.

Conclusions
Intravenous Paricalcitol based regimen assumed to be equally effective in suppressing SHPT in prevalent hemodialysis patients when compared to the combination of oral Cinacalcet with oral alfacalcidol or treatment with oral cinacalcet alone, with less incidence of hyperphosphatemia with paricalcitol or cinacalcet in comparison to alfacalcidol regimen.
Evaluation of pancreatic cyst prostaglandin E2 as a Marker for Differentiation between Mucinous and Non Mucinous Cysts and Prediction of Dysplasia in Mucinous Pancreatic Cysts
Authors: Yousef Tarek , Okasha Hussein , Saleh Shereen Abo Bakr , Elessawy Hagar Ahmed Ahmed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
There are different types of pancreatic cysts.They can be classified by different ways. Each of them has different plan of management. that is why their differentiation became mandatory before setting their treatment plans.

Aim of the study
To Evaluate PGE2 as a marker of differentiation of mucin containing pancreatic cysts and prediction of dysplasia in these cyst.
A Secondary aim is differentiation of mucin from non mucin containing pancreatic cystic lesions

Patients and Methods
40 patients were recruited from the Department of Internal Medicine and the Outpatient Clinic of Cairo University hospital in the period between December 2018 and August 2019. A case control study design was adopted where the patients were grouped as follow

: Group 1
- composed of 20 patients with pancreatic mucinous cystic lesions defined by EUS guided samples, Histopathology and Radiological findings. Group 2: - composed of 20 patients with pancreatic non mucinous cystic lesions defined by EUS guided samples, Histopathology and Radiological findings.

Results
In our study, there was a significant differences in PGE2 level between true and inflammatory pancreatic cysts (p = 0.001) .However, there is insignificant differences between mucinous, non mucinous (p = 0.406). There was insignificant differences between different grades of IPMN dysplasia (p = 0.615)

Conclusion
Prostaglandin E2 is pancreatic cystic fluid marker which can be used for differentiation between true pancreatic cysts from inflammatory pancreatic cysts which have different plans of management. Prostaglandin E2 is not good marker to be used for differentiation between different grades of IPMN dysplasia.
The predective role of neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio in bronchial asthma
Authors: Ali Fawzia Hassan Abo , El Fadle Sylvia Wefky Abo , El Kady HossamMoustafa , Maksoud Nehal Anwar Abdel 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio is an easy and rapid biomarker measured in peripheral blood, and plays a helpful role in assessing prognosis of bronchial asthma and its severity.

Aim
To assess NLR levels among atopic asthmatics, non-atopic asthmatics and healthy controls.

Patient and methods
The study included 120 asthmatic patients and 60 healthy control.

Results
A highly significant difference was observed between asthmatic patients and healthy controls regarding neutrophil\lymphocyte ratio (p &lt; 0.0001).

Conclusion
Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio is useful to assess asthma severity.
An observational retrospective cohort study of the effect of direct antiviral agents (DAAs) on glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
Authors: Sarhan Iman Ibrahem , Ahmed Fatma Abdelrahman , Elsharabasy Reem Mohsen , Abdelgawad Mohamed Hassan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is known to be associated with high rates of liver related morbidities and mortality in the whole world. The interest of Public in HCV is growing, as more than 180 million people, (2.8%) of the global population, are infected with HCV.

Aim of the Study
To evaluate the effect of direct antiviral agents on glomerular filtrating rate (GFR).

Patients and Methods
The study performed on 120 subjects from the Hepatology outpatient clinic at Sharque elmadinah Hospital in Alexandria.

Results
The current results showed that the mean decrease in GFR in patients who received SOF/DAC were 5.21 ± 15.57 and 6.18 ± 16.13 after full 12 week regimen and after 1 year respectively while the mean decrease in patients SOF/SIM were 4.35 ± 14.9 and 3.57 ± 13.08 respectively. The decrease was not statistically significant in both regimens. Moreover, the mean GFR decrease in the only patient received SOF/Ribavirin was 12.8 and 30.9 after 12 weeks regimen and after one year respectively while for the only patient who received PAR/OMB/Rito/Ribavirin the decrease was 5.5 and 53.4 respectively. unfortunately, due to lack of sufficient patients number, the decrease an not be expressed statistically.

Conclusion
The new direct antiviral agents (sofosbuvir, daclatasvir and simeprevir) are effective and safe regarding glomerular filtration rate in patients with normal renal function. However, a meticulous monitoring of kidney function is mandatory during the course of these medications to early detect any untoward side effects. Moreover, such studies will yield beneficial data about the renal safety of these drugs if it could be performed on a larger scale of patients.
RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, PROGNOSTIC FACTORS AND RESPONSE OF TREATMENT OF RECTAL CANCER
Authors: El Wakiel Hesham Mahmoud , El DinDinEl Ghamry Mai Mohamed Ali Ezz , Mohamed Abdullah Ahmed Essam 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Rectal cancers have always been considered as a part of CRCs in related epidemiological studies, it’s one of the major public health problems. Rectal cancers are the second most common (28%) cancers in large intestine after proximal colon cancers (42%).Colorectal cancer is the third most frequently diagnosed malignancy just behind lung and breast cancer, accounting for about 1.8 million cases each year, and the second cancer causing death worldwide, accounting to more than 850,000 deaths per year.

Objective
To evaluate the clinico-epidemiological factors in rectal cancer patients with response to treatment, duration of response and overall survival outcome.

Methods
This is a retrospective study which enrolled 60 patients diagnosed with rectal cancer treated at Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Department at AinShams University Hospitals in the period between January 2012 and December 2015. Data collected from the files of Ain Shams University.

Results
Among the studied population enrolled in our study, we found that major factors affected both OS & DFS were ECOGPS,histopathological differentiation, pathological staging, CRM, LVSI, PNI. While factors affected OS only with no impact on DFS were gender variant, clinical T & N stage, ECE and there is statistical significance in DFS and the tumor site. The median of overall, disease-free and progression free survival of all studied population were 37, 29 and 9 months respectively.

Conclusion
The fact that identified epidemiological and prognostic factors for disease free and overall survival in rectal cancer were not novel, this work reflect real life management of care and outcomes of rectal cancer patients.
Conservative versus Surgical Treatment in Management of Closed Mallet Finger:A Systematic Review and MetaAnalysis
Authors: Habib Abd Elrahman Salah El-deen , Atiyya Ahmed Naeem , Aly Amr Moustafa 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Several methods of treatment have been mentioned in management of closed mallet finger injury, as conservative methods using stack splint,dorsal aluminum splint or custom thermoplastic splint, or surgical procedures as direct pinning method, extention block technique or hook plate fixation, there is no consensus for the best method of treatment.

Objectives
to review and meta-analyze the outcomes of conservative versus surgical treatment in management of closed mallet finger injury and statistically compare between their results of pain, extensor lag, range of motion of distal inter-phalangeal joint.

Materials and Methods
The review will be restricted to randomized controlled trials (RCTs), clinical trials, and comparative studies, either prospective or retrospective, which studied the outcome of conservative versus surgical treatment in management of closed mallet finger, articles published in English.

PRISMA flow chart
950 articles were found using search keywords. By filtration and screening of the title and exclusion of unrelated articles, 150 articles were found. By applications of all inclusion and exclusion criteria, only 55 articles which met all inclusion criteria, 50 studies were systematically reviewed, and 5 randomized controlled trials were fit to undergo a meta-analysis, after conducting meta-analysis we found that P value for pain svore based on visual analogue score (VAS) was 1, extensor lag P value &lt; 0.001, and range of motion P value &lt;0.001.

Conclusion
No significant differences was found between the conservative and the surgical groups regarding the pain score, distal inter-phalangeal joint extensor lag, and distal inter-phalangeal joint range of motion in treatment of closed mallet finger.
Role of Susceptibility Weighted Images (SWI) in Grading of Brain Glioma
Authors: Hassan Ayah Abdelaziz Ali , Abdel-Aziz Amany Moh. Rashad , Aziz Tougan Taha Abdel , Twadros Sameh Roshdy , Mamdouh Fady 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Glioma is the most common intracranial primary tumor of central nervous system (CNS) and accounts for about 70% of primary adult malignant brain tumors. The optimum therapeutic treatment and prognosis evaluation largely depends on the tumor pathological grades.

Objective
To evaluate the role of susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) in grading of cerebral gliomas. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results were compared and correlated to the pathology results to evaluate its role. The pathological grading of the glioma was done according to WHO 2007 classification system.

Patients and Methods
This was a retrospective study that included 35 adult patients, (11females & 24 males), their ages ranging from 18 years to 73 years. They were pathologically proven glioma patients ranging from grade I to grade IV. All the patients were referred from neurosurgeon to our radiology center (private center). This study was carried out during the period between January 2017 and November 2018.

Results
In our study, there were a strong positive correlation between both conventional imaging and pathological grading and between pathological and SWI grading. Using SWI sequence in grading of glioma will be very beneficial in patients with contraindication to contrast.

Conclusion
SWI using 3T MR system may provide quite useful information for preoperative glioma grading. There seems to be a strong positive correlation between pathological grading and SWI grading system for glioma. The main disadvantage for SWI is the extra time added to the usual time of routine MRI protocol used in cases of intra cranial space occupying lesions (SOL).
Reliability of Transient Elastography as a non-Invasive Technique for Detection of Fibrosis in Budd Chiari Syndrome Patients after Endovascular Intervention
Authors: Montasser Mohammed F , Barakat Eman M , Ghazy Mohamed S , Abdelhakam Sara M , Ebada Hend E , Elganzory Ahmed T 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Aim of the work
To test the reliability of fibroscan in detection of fibrosis in patients with Budd Chiari syndrome before and after endovascular intervention (after elimination of hepatic congestion).

Background
transient elastography (TE) is a noninvasive methodology that has been used to monitor liver stiffness in patients with chronic viral hepatitis. One of the limitations for accurate assessment of liver fibrosis by TE is the liver congestion. Liver congestion can result from Budd Chiari syndrome (BCS).The treatment of BCS is through restoring the flow of the blood between the portal vein to the inferior vena cava, which will lead to decongestion of the liver.TE, will be tested after liver decongestion for proper detection of liver fibrosis.

Patients and methods
This was a prospective cohort study conducted on 25 Egyptian patients with confirmed diagnosis of primary Budd-Chiari Syndrome (BCS) in the period from June 2017 to September 2019. TE was performed three days before endovascular intervention and three months after it. Liver biopsy was taken during the intervention for assessment of METAVIR score. Comparison was done between TE assessments before and after intervention in detection of the degree of liver fibrosis in comparison to METAVIR score measured in liver biopsy.

Results
FVLM was the most common hypercoagulable cause in the involved patients.
There was significant drop in Liver Stiffness Measurements (LSM) measured three months post-intervention indicating improvement of liver fibrosis after relieving liver congestion but still not correlated to the METAVIR scores measured in the liver biopsy.

Conclusion
Liver congestion has high impact on Liver stiffness measurement giving overestimation which improves significantly after decongestion of the liver by the endovascular intervention.
Characteristics of Hepatitis B virus induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Egyptian patients
Authors: Fathy Barakat Eman Mahmoud , AbdAlaziz Khalid Mahmoud , Mahmoud El Tabbakh Mohamed Mahmoud , Alden Ali Mohamed Kamal 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver malignancy and is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In the United States, HCC is the ninth leading cause of cancer deaths. Despite advances in prevention techniques, screening, and new technologies in both diagnosis and treatment, incidence and mortality continue to rise. Cirrhosis remains the most important risk factor for the development of HCC regardless of etiology. Hepatitis B and C are independent risk factors for the development of cirrhosis. Alcohol consumption remains an important additional risk factor in the United States as alcohol abuse is five times higher than hepatitis C. Diagnosis is confirmed without pathologic confirmation. Screening includes both radiologic tests, such as ultrasound, computerized tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, and serological markers such as αfetoprotein at 6-month interval.

Aim
To compare characteristics and behavior of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in chronic HCV patients and HVB patients

Patients and Methods
The current study was conducted on patients with de HCC presented at HCC clinic, Tropical medicine department Ain Shams University Hospitals between December 2017 and D ecember 2018, aged (18-70 years old) .

Results
eline characteristics of study population shown in Table 1 at enrolment, including gender, Education status, co-morbidity, underlying presence or absence of cirrhosis, Child-Pugh class of patients infected with viral hepatitis, and alpha-fetoprotein levels. Male proportion observed to be predominant in both HCV (62%) and HBV (75.4%) infected HCC population. Overall prevalence of HCV and HBV in patients having HCC was 65.95% and 34.04%, respectively. Presence of underlying liver cirrhosis was more significantly associated with HCV seropositives as compared to HBV seropositive patients (p0.05). Table 2 shows comparison of means between HCV and HBV seropositive patients with HCC. In univariate analysis, mean age difference (11.6 years), and total bilirubin levels (-1.91mg/dl) were the only statistically significant observations noted among HCV-HCC group (p = 0.05)

Conclusion
Hepatocellular carcinoma is mainly caused by Hepatitis C and Hepatitis B viruses, but latter showed predominance, comparatively worldwide and correlated HBV directly as a cause of HCC rather than HCV whose relation with HCC is still unclear (Shepard et al., 2006; Di Bisceglie, 2009). Because of the geographical differences and risk factors, the epidemiological burden of HCV and HBV has been observed different in different areas of the world. In developing countries due to high burden of HCV infection as compared to HBV such as in Taiwan (HCV 17.0%, HBV 13.8%) (Kao et al., 2011), Guam (HCV 19.6%, HBV 18%) (Haddock et al., 2013), and Pakistan (HCV 4.8%, HBV 2.5%) (Rehman et al., 1996; Raza et al., 2007; Qureshi et al., 2010; Butt et al., 2012;) will possibly
The impact of direct-acting antivirals on liver fibrosis in Egyptian hepatitis C virus patients: a single center experience
Authors: Abdelkader Nadia Abdelaaty , AlBalakosy Amira Mahmoud , Sherief Ahmed Fouad Helmy , Gado Mohamed Soliman 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection affects approximately 170 million people worldwide, causing liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and leading to liver transplantation and ultimately death. Accurate evaluation of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic liver diseases is crucial, as liver fibrosis is important in order to make therapeutic decisions, determine prognosis of liver disease and to follow-up disease progression. Multiple non-invasive methods have been used successfully in the prediction of fibrosis; however, early changes in noninvasive biomarkers of hepatic fibrosis under effective antiviral therapy are widely unknown. The aim of this study is to evaluate changes of transient elastography values as well as FIB-4 and AST to platelet ratio index (APRI) in patients treated with DAAs.

Objectives
The aim beyond this study is to evaluate the changes in liver stiffness in hepatitis C Egyptian patients before and at least one year after treatment with DAAs using transient elastography and non-invasive liver fibrosis indices as FIB-4 and APRI scores.

Patients and methods
The present study was conducted on 100 patients with chronic hepatitis C patients attended to Ain Shams University Hospitals, Viral hepatitis treatment unit between October 2017 and December 2018, who were followed-up during treatment and after treatment for at least one year (retrospective and prospective study). Total number of cases during the study period was 117 patients. 17 patients were excluded from the study due to missed follow-up. Eventually, 100 patients were enrolled in the study fulfilling the inclusion criteria.

Results
The mean age of our patients is 47.9 years with Male predominance (52 males and 48 females). There was a significant improvement of, platelets counts, ALT and AST levels, which in turn cause significant improvement in FIB-4 and APRI scores. There was a significant improvement of liver stiffness after end of treatment, regardless of the DAA regimen used, as evidenced by Fibroscan.

Conclusion
Fibrosis regression –assessed by non-invasive markers of fibrosis is achievable upon removal of the causative agent.