bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Socioeconomic Impact of Surgical Site Infections
Authors: Piednoir Emmanuel , Robert-Yap Joan , Baillet Patrice , Lermite Emilie , Christou Niki 
Published: August 2021

Précis: Surgical site infections are an ever-increasing phenomenon worldwide due to different factors. This brief report aimeds to highlight at a glance, for both physicians and political and institutional leaders, the economic burden of surgical site infections.Objectives: This brief report aimed to highlight the economic burden of surgical site infections (SSIs).Methods: A narrative review focusing on this subject has been carried out.Results: Surgical site infections are responsible for generating important costs. In 2017, a French cohort highlighted a mean cost of each SSI treatment to be around €1,814; the same year, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines evaluated the mean cost caused by SSI treatment to be from $10,443 to $25,546 per SSI. This cost depends on many factors including the patient himself and the type of surgery.Conclusions: Prevention of the risk of infection is, therefore, a profitable concept for surgery that must be integrated within all healthcare managements worldwide.
INFLUENCE OF PREBIOTIC PREPARATION USE DURING THE PERIOD OF INCREASING MILK YIELD ON MILK PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY VALUES OF FIRST-CALF COWS’ MILK
Authors: ПАНИН А.В. , САФОНОВ В.А. , ВОСТРОИЛОВ А.В. 
Published: August 2021

Проведен научно-хозяйственный опыт по изучению влияния добавки с пребиотической активностью на жирнокислотный состав липидной фракции молока и показатели молочной продуктивности коров-первотелок черно-пестрой породы. Были сформированы 2 группы по 16 голов с учетом молочной продуктивности. В кормлении обеих групп использовался один рацион, дополнительно к которому в первые 100 дней лактации опытная группа получала добавку с пребиотической активностью в количестве 250 г на 1 голову в день. Установлено, что за 305 дней лактации от животных опытной группы по сравнению с контрольной получено больше молока на 790 кг и молочного жира — на 25,4 кг (Р<0,1). Наибольшая разница в показателях суточного удоя наблюдалась в период применения добавки с пребиотической активностью и в течение 3 мес после. Анализ колебаний уровня жирности молока в течение 305 дней лактации, равно как и жирнокислотного состава липидной фракции проб молока, не показал достоверных различий между данными двух групп. Отсутствие статистически значимых отличий в жирнокислотном составе на фоне статистически значимой (Р<0,1) разницы в показателях молочной продуктивности позволяет сделать вывод, что эффект увеличения молочной продуктивности был обусловлен действием пребиотической добавки.
Scientific and economic research was conducted to study the influence of a feed additive possessing prebiotic activity on fatty-acid composition of the lipid fraction of milk, and the values of milk yield for first-calf cows of the black-and-white breed. 2 groups with 16 each according to milk yield were created. Both groups were fed the same diet; during the first 100 days of lactation the testing group was receiving the additive possessing prebiotic activity in the amount of 250 g per 1 animal per day in addition to regular feed. It was found that during 305 days of lactation the animals belonging to the testing group produced 790 kg more milk and 25.4 kg more milk fat (P<0.1) compared to the control group. The greatest difference in the values of daily milk yield was observed during the period of using the additive possessing prebiotic activity and in the following 3 months. The analysis of fluctuations in milk fat content during 305 days of lactation, as well as the fatty-acid composition of the lipid fraction of milk samples, showed no significant differences between the data of the two groups. The lack of statistically significant differences in fatty-acid composition on the background of statistically significant (P<0.1) difference in milk yield values allows to conclude that the effect of increasing milk production was caused by the influence of the prebiotic additive.
La prosperidad privada en el periodo tardío:
Authors: Crivelli Montero Eduardo 
Published: August 2021

Durante el Período Tardío de Egipto, en el delta del Nilo se erigieron grandes edificios de adobe en forma de torre. Estas construcciones privadas, de función doméstica, se explican por el aumento demográfico, el creciente urbanismo, la búsqueda de mayor seguridad y el deseo de exhibir grandeza. En la base de estas innovaciones se encuentran las nuevas vías de enriquecimiento (comercio, capital financiero, adqui- sición de tierras, monetización, etc.) y los episodios de debilitamiento del Estado central.
Se comparan las construcciones egipcias con otras semejantes de diferentes regiones.
Uma visão geral das manifestações orais de doenças gastrointestinais.
Authors: Junqueira Ana Helena 
Published: August 2021

A cavidade oral faz parte do sistema gastrointestinal e, como tal, a presença de alterações nesta região pode ser o primeiro sinal de doenças sistémicas e gastrointestinais. Como essas alterações são muito comuns, principalmente em crianças, é importante que o dentista saiba quando elas são expressão de um quadro gastrointestinal. O objetivo desta revisão é fornecer ao dentista dados úteis para o diagnóstico, tratamento e manejo das condições mais comuns, como doença de Crohn, colite ulcerativa, doença do refluxo gastroesofágico e doença celíaca. Uma das alterações orais mais comuns é a erosão dentária, com perda de esmalte e aumento do risco de cárie dentária, que tem sido relatada em crianças e adolescentes com refluxo gastroesofágico. Hipoplasia do esmalte dentário e úlceras aftosas são mais comuns em crianças com doença celíaca do que na população em geral. Outra alteração oral muito comum é a gengivite, que afeta 9-95% das crianças na Europa e na América do Norte e mais de 60% dos adolescentes. Pioestomatite vegetante pode ser um sinal de colite ulcerosa e doença de Crohn, esta última também foi relacionada a edema difuso da mucosa, mucosa de paralelepípedo, muco-gengivite localizada, ulceração linear profunda, marcas de tecido fibroso, pólipos, nódulos e úlceras aftosas. O reconhecimento imediato de doenças sistêmicas e gastrointestinais por meio de um exame cuidadoso da cavidade oral pode ser o primeiro passo para novas investigações que podem levar a um diagnóstico precoce e tratamento oportuno.
Validation of the teaching mathematical modeling self-efficacy scale (TMMSS)
Authors: Stohlmann Micah , Yang Yichen 
Published: August 2021

Mathematical modeling has many possible benefits for students when implemented in K–12 mathematics instruction. When teachers have positive self-efficacy for mathematical modeling it is more likely they will continue to implement it. In order to measure teacher’s self-efficacy in the context of teaching mathematical modeling the development of an instrument specific to mathematical modeling is needed. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the Teaching Mathematical Modeling Self-Efficacy Scale (TMMSS) as a tool for measuring perceived teacher preparedness for implementing mathematical modeling. The TMMSS was constructed through a thorough review of the literature regarding K–12 mathematical modeling and prior research on the development of teacher self-efficacy instruments. The participants for this study were from the USA. The TMMSS can be useful for evaluation of mathematical modeling professional development and school-based mathematical modeling research.
Pelatihan Olimpiade Matematika Tingkat SMP/MTs Di MTs Darul Hikmah Ngompak Ngrambe Ngawi Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020
Authors: Cahyono Heri 
Published: August 2021

Pelajaran matematika adalah bagian utama dari masyarakat ilmiah yang mampu bergerak dinamis seiring perkembangan zaman. Beragam aktivitas telah dilakukan oleh para pelajar dalam mengukuhkan perannya sebagai komponen pembangunan. Aksi-aksi produktif, inovatif, dan kreatif yang diwujudkan oleh pelajar tidak pernah meninggalkan nuansa ilmiah yang menjadi ciri khasnya. Olimpiade Matematika adalah salah satu bentuk kompetisi untuk meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia. Diharapkan dengan adanya kegiatan olimpiade matematika dapat merangsang munculnya idealisme baru dalam dunia matematika.
Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini berupa pelatihan kepada siswa dan siswi MTs Darul Hikmah Ngompak, kecamatan Ngrambe, kabupaten Ngawi, Jawa Timur. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan melakukan pembimbingan langsung dengan beberapa metode, diantaranya metode ceramah, tanya jawab, simulasi, dan evaluasi. Kesimpulan dari pengabdian ini adalah dengan melakukan pembimbingan lebih intensif pada siswa/siswi MTs Darul Hikmah Ngompak pada materi olimpiade matemika, maka kemampuan dan pemahaman siswa/siswi dalam pengerjaan olimpiade akan semakin baik.
PELATIHAN PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS EDMODO DI MTs DARUL HIKMAH NGOMPAK NGRAMBE NGAWI
Authors: Cahyono Heri , Yuda Pradana Oki Ribut , Arum Dwi Rahmawati  , Anwas Mashuri  , Budi Sasomo  
Published: August 2021

ABSTRAK
Guru mendapatkan peran penting dalam kemajuan sumber daya manusia. Sebagai pendidik guru harus memiliki inovasi untuk membuat pembelajaran menjadi efektif. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, perlu dibuat suatu pembelajaran yang inovatif dari praktisi pendidikan salah satunya pembelajaran berbasis Edmodo.Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk membantu guru dalam menerapkan model pembelajaran inovatif di SMP/MTs dan meningkatkan minat belajar siswa.Pengabdian ini menggunakan power point dan situsEdmodo dalam pelaksanaannya. Materi disampaikan menggunakan metode ceramah, tanya jawab, simulasi, dan evaluasi. Setelah pelatihan, guru memberikan kesan positif kepada pelatihan ini. Mereka menjadi terbiasa menggunakan situs ini dan langsung menerapkan kepada siswanya.
Kesimpulan dari pengabdian ini adalah pelatihan-pelatihan yang mengacu kepada kreativitas guru sangat perlu dilakukan. Apabila guru bisa berinovasi maka proses pembelajaran akan terasa menyenangkan dan lebih menarik. Seharusnya, pemerintah lebih tanggap dalam masalah perkembangan pendidikan di Indonesia.
Linfoma difuso de células B grandes, NOS. Estudio clínico-patológico en una cohorte de pacientes peruanos
Authors: Dueñas Hancco Daniela , Arboleda Ezcurra Patricia , Casavilca-Zambrano Sandro , Enríquez Vera Daniel , Mantilla Quispe Raúl , Barrionuevo Cornejo Carlos 
Published: August 2021

Objetivo. Evaluar las características clinicopatológicas del linfoma de células B grandes difuso, sin otra especificación (LCBGD, NOS), en una cohorte de pacientes peruanos. Métodos. Se estudiaron 72 casos con diagnóstico de LCBGD, NOS, en el INEN. Se evaluaron características clinicopatológicas, sobrevida global (SG) y otros parámetros clínicos de acuerdo con la célula de origen, la infección por virus Epstein-Barr (EBER) y la expresión inmunohistoquímica (IHQ) de MYC y BCL2. Resultados. Hubo 54 % de mujeres y 46 % de hombres, con edad promedio de 65 años. El 76 % fueron ganglionares, la mayoría de ubicación cervical y el 24 % extraganglionares, siendo el estómago el más afectado. Los estadios más frecuentes fueron II (35 %) y III (29 %), la mayoría con IPI medio-alto y alto. Histológicamente, casi todos los casos tuvieron morfología centroblástica e inmunoblástica. Hubo proporción similar de casos con subtipos centro germinal (GCB) y no centro germinal (no-GCB). Los GCB y EBER+ tuvieron mejor SG que los no-GCB y los EBER-, respectivamente. Asimismo, los casos con IHQ negativa para MYC y BCL2 tuvieron mejor SG y mayor porcentaje en estadios tempranos. Estos hallazgos no tuvieron significación estadística. Conclusión. Nuestros casos presentan características similares a lo descrito en la literatura, aunque con mayor porcentaje asociados al EBV y de casos no-GCB. El poco número de casos evaluados con IHQ para determinar subtipos y biomarcadores puede haber limitado el análisis estadístico en esta cohorte de casos.
Les fonctions sociales de l’économie politique sous le Second Empire : l’exemple des conférences populaires de Vincennes
Authors: Mann Joseph 
Published: August 2021

Les conférences populaires de Vincennes, créées à l’initiative de Napoléon III en 1866, s’adressent à un public composé d’ouvriers en convalescence à l’Asile Impérial de Vincennes. Cette expérience dans un cadre hospitalier permet de saisir les fonctions sociales assignées à l’enseignement populaire de l’économie politique sous le Second Empire. L’économie politique tient en effet une place centrale dans ces conférences. Leur étude fournit de précieuses indications sur la culture politique que les conférenciers diffusent auprès des ouvriers. Les questions de propriété, de salaire, de machinisme, ou encore celle de l’inégalité des conditions sociales sont traitées et résolues sous le prisme de la pensée libérale. Du point de vue institutionnel, l’histoire de l’organisation de ces conférences renseigne sur les motivations gouvernementales qui président à sa création. Elles illustrent enfin l’alliance opérée par le Second Empire avec les libéraux depuis le traité Cobden-Chevalier.
Donner forme au peuple. Principe majoritaire et multitude chez Hobbes et Bentham
Authors: Lorrain Ludmilla 
Published: August 2021

Entre l’œuvre de Hobbes et celle de Bentham, la proximité conceptuelle est grande : l’un et l’autre semblent réfléchir depuis un vocabulaire partagé. Suivre cette proximité conduit notamment à révéler l’importance, dans leurs théories politiques respectives, de la règle de majorité, déterminante dans le processus qui permet de constituer le peuple. Hobbes transforme l’accord majoritaire à l’entrée en société en unanimité proclamée, tandis que Bentham fait de la règle de majorité l’outil permettant de donner une consistance immanente à l’unité du peuple. L’usage qu’ils font de la règle de majorité permet ainsi de préciser les rapports que chacun conçoit entre peuple et multitude et, de là, de concevoir une voie anglo-saxonne de penser positivement la multitude.
Evaluation of Nursing Students' Experiences in an Interprofessional Simulated Disaster Exercise
Authors: Innis Jennifer , Mack Kimberley 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Disaster simulation exercises provide a unique opportunity for nursing students to experience interprofessional collaboration. The limited study of interprofessional education using disaster simulation has focused on two to three health disciplines. In reality, teams comprise members from multiple disciplines in health care and emergency management.

Method:
A simulated disaster was held at a community college in Toronto, Canada. A total of 121 nursing students participated in the event, alongside students and providers from six health care and emergency management professions. A survey was used to evaluate nursing students' experiences.

Results:

Nursing students (
n
= 78) reported a high level of satisfaction, and 90% reported the simulation demonstrated the importance of inter-professional practice. Two themes arose from participants' comments: communicating with patients and collaborating with health care and emergency management providers.

Conclusion:

There is a need for follow-up to evaluate the impact of this event on nursing students' future practice.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2021;60(8):445–448.]
Trust and Caring: Short-Term Study Abroad Host Community Perspectives
Authors: Rosario Gonzalez Kattiria M. 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Although there is an abundance of research that examines the impact of short-term study abroad on students, there is limited research that examines the impact on the host community and even fewer articles that focus on host communities in relation to the nursing discipline and nursing students. This study investigated the impact of short-term study abroad experiences on the people living in the community being served.

Method:
A mixed-methods study guided by Watson's Human Caring Science to assess host community member perspectives on trust and caring was conducted in the Dominican Republic.

Results:
Based on qualitative and quantitative data analysis, community members felt cared for and trusted the nursing students providing services.

Conclusion:

This study is the first of its kind in the nursing field and can be used toward closing the gap in the nursing literature related to the topic of short-term study abroad.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2021;60(8):453–457.]
Engaging Students with Patient Safety in an Online Escape Room
Authors: Vestal M. Elisabeth , Matthias April D. , Thompson C. Elise 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Creating innovative online instruction was essential during the COVID-19 pandemic. This article highlights an engaging, online escape room (OER) educational innovation used to teach patient safety to first-semester nursing students.

Method:
Utilizing constructivist and adult learning theories, the OER, developed using Google Forms, consisted of gamification. Students completed puzzles related to a patient safety scenario presented via text, photograph, audio, and video to promote critical thinking and decision making.

Results:
Review of student reflections, test scores, and survey results determined the OER was effective to develop the student's understanding of the nurse's role in patient safety to include identification of safety concerns and appropriate interventions.

Conclusion:

Using Google forms, educators can create an OER for various topics to enhance student engagement and critical thinking skills. The OER can be supplemental instruction or an alternative for clinical and simulation instruction when online learning is mandated.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2021;60(8):466–469.]
A comparative study of caregiver burden and stigma among the caregivers of patients with dementia and schizophrenia
Authors: Parveen Shaheena , Mehra Aseem , Kumar Krishan , Grover Sandeep 
Published: August 2021

Aim:
This study aimed to assess the level of stigma faced by the caregivers of patients with dementia. The secondary objective was to evaluate the association of stigma faced by the caregivers with caregiver burden and compare the stigma and caregiver burden encountered by the caregivers of patients with dementia and schizophrenia.

Methodology:
This was a cross-sectional study, 50 patients with dementia and their caregivers and 50 patients with schizophrenia and their caregivers. Diagnosis of both the disorders was made as per the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fifth Revision. The study participants were assessed on the Stigma Scale for caregivers of people with mental illness and family burden interview schedule.

Results:
Caregivers of patients with schizophrenia had been in the caregiver role for a longer duration and were not on paid employment. Caregivers of patients with dementia were more often children of the patients. Caregivers of patients with dementia reported a significantly lower level of stigma in all the domains as well as reported lower total stigma score. The significant difference persisted even after controlling for demographic and caregiving variables. Similarly, caregivers of patients with schizophrenia reported a significantly higher level of burden on all the domains, except for effect on the domain of mental health of others which persisted even after controlling for demographic and caregiving variables.

Conclusion:
Caregivers of patients with dementia experience a lower level of stigma and caregiver burden, compared to patients with schizophrenia even after controlling for different confounding variables.
Potential anticancer activity of Acetone extracts of Toona cilliata, Seriphium plumosum and Schkuhria pinnata on HeLa cervical cancer cells
Authors: Justice Ndlovu Mxolisi , Patrick Bagla Victor , Phenius Mokgotho Matlou , Ephraim Makgatho Marema , Moss Matsebatlela Thabe 
Published: August 2021

Background: Cervical cancer is common in women in less developed regions of the world. The plant biomolecules can be employed for synergistic activity with chemo- and radiotherapy. This combinations might result in reduced toxicity and increased efficacy of the treatment regimen.
Objectives: The anti-HeLa cells activity of the acetone extracts of S. plumosum, T. cilliata and S. pinnata was assessed using different parameters.
Methods: Secondary metabolite detection and antioxidant activity quantification were determined using the DPPH and ferric iron reducing assays. HeLa cell growth inhibition and mechanistics were assessed by employing MTT and Annexin-V flous assays.
Results: Observations revealed the presence of phenolic, flavonoids, tannins steroids and coumarins in all the plants ex- tracts. High amount of total phenolic and flavonoid content were detected in S. plumosum and T. cilliata. S. plumosum extract had the best DPPH scavenging activity and ferric reducing powers.
Conclusion: Observable concentration dependent cell proliferation inhibition by test materials was exhibited. The leaf ex- tracts from T. cilliata, S. plumosum and S. pinnata contain compounds of various polarities with free-radical, antioxidant and anti-cancerous activities that may play a beneficial role in treatment.
Keywords: Medicinal plants; anticancer activity; antioxidant activity.
A one-year prospective study on the occurrence of traumatic spinal cord injury and clinical complications during hospitalisation in North-East Tanzania
Authors: I Moshi Haleluya , G Sundelin Gunnevi , G Sahlen Klas , VM Sörlin Ann 
Published: August 2021

Background: Clinical complications following spinal cord injury are a big concern as they account for increased cost of rehabilitation, poor outcomes and mortality.
Objective: To describe the occurrence of traumatic spinal cord injury and associated clinical complications during hospi- talisation in North-East Tanzania.
Method: Prospective data were collected from all persons with traumatic spinal cord injury from North-East Tanzania from their admission to discharge from the hospital. Neurological progress and complications were assessed routinely. Data were captured using a form that incorporated the components of the core data set of the International Spinal Cord Society and were analysed descriptively.
Results: A total of 87 persons with traumatic spinal cord injury were admitted at the hospital with a mean age of 40.2 ± 15.8 years. There were 69 (79.3%) males, and 58 (66.6%) of the injuries resulted from falls. Spasms (41 patients, 47.1%), neuropathic pain (40 patients, 46%), and constipation (35 patients, 40.2%) were the most commonly reported complications. The annual incidence rate in the Kilimanjaro region was at least 38 cases per million.
Conclusion: The incidence of traumatic spinal cord injury in the Kilimanjaro region is relatively high. In-hospital compli- cations are prevalent and are worth addressing for successful rehabilitation.
Keywords: Rehabilitation; pressure ulcer; spasm; urinary tract infections; low income countries.