bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence, pattern and presentation of Congenital Heart Disease in neonates in southern part of Bangladesh
Authors: Ali Md Barkot , Haque Syed Didarul , Saha Amar Kumar , Faruquzzaman - , Kabir Muhammad Ashraful , Islam Sayma 
Published: March 2021

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) has already been recognized as one of the important cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. The reported prevalence of CHD in live newborns tends to vary a lot due to various unrecognizable lesions at birth and lack of technical expertise.
Aims & objectives: The ultimate aim of this study was to assess the birth incidence and pattern of congenital heart disease (CHD) using echocardiography in babies born in different government and private hospitals and also in different households.
Results: Overall incidence of congenital heart disease in neonate in this study was 4.9 per 1000 live birth. Mean age of diagnosis was 22.5±4.6 days. Average weight of these neonates was 26.70 gm. 61.5 % neonates were female. 30.8% was preterm. Respiratory distress was the most common clinical presentation (76.9%). The commonest type of congenital heart disease was Ventricular septal defect (VSD) (61.5%). Maternal co-morbidity may have influence. 30.8% mothers had gestational diabetes mellitus. Hypothyroidism, hypertension and maternal infection may have co-relation.
Conclusion: In this study, we have found that the overall incidence of neonatal congenital heart disease is 4.9 per 1000 live birth. A high index of suspicion and routine neonatal cheek-up may have key role in diagnosis.
Mediscope Vol. 8, No. 1: January 2021, Page 27-32
Study on Clinical Spectrum, Laboratory Profile and Outcome of Dengue Fever in Adults
Authors: Kabir Muhammad Ashraful , Haque Syed Didarul , Islam Baishakhi , Imam Hasan 
Published: March 2021

Background: Dengue infection is a major health burden, which can result in mild self-limited febrile illness to highly fatal haemorrhagic disease. Infection is caused by Dengue virus, which is transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito.
Objective: The aim of the study was to see the clinical spectrum, laboratory profile and outcome of dengue fever in adult.
Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out on 75 patients in the department of medicine of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from 11/07/2019 to 20/10/2019. All patients above 18 years with confirmed dengue, who were either hospitalized or managed as outdoor patients with NS1 (non-structural protein) antigen and/ or IgM dengue antibody positive were included in the study. The patients with concomitant malaria, typhoid and leptospirosis were excluded from the study. Detailed history and careful clinical examination were performed on each patient.
Results: In this study, all patients (100%) had fever. Among them, 70 (93.3%) was suffering from headache, 66 (88.0%) myalgia, 32 (42.7%) abdominal pain, 30 (40.0%) conjuctival suffusion, 29 (38.7%) nausea/vomiting, 27 (36.0%) skin rashes, 14 (18.7%) pleural effusion, 13 (17.3%) ascites, 13 (17.3%) retro-orbital pain, 11 (14.7%) itching, 8 (10.7%) hepatomegaly, 7 (9.3%) splenomegaly. Death occurred in 3 (4.0%) patients. Rate of cure was 58 (77.3%) and ICU admission was required in 14 (18.7%), they were ultimately cured.
Conclusion: Fever associated with headache and myalgia were the most common symptoms. Other common clinical features were abdominal pain, conjunctival suffusion, nausea/vomiting, skin rashes and pleural effusion. Regarding laboratory finding, platelet count has little role in management of dengue patients.
Mediscope Vol. 8, No. 1: January 2021, Page 33-39
COVID-19: Epidemiology, Management and Environmental Innovations
Authors: Kader Syed Abdul , Rob Sonia Afrin 
Published: March 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first identified in 2019 in Wuhan, the capital of China's Hubei province, and has eventually spread to the size of pandemic. This article points outs the facts of its epidemiology and management in a thoughtful, brief, palatable, revealing and innovative way. This article also discusses a few innovations which could make the environment unfriendly to SARS-CoV-2.
Mediscope Vol. 8, No. 1: January 2021, Page 53-62
PERSEPSI GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN INDONESIA TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN ONLINE DI TENGAH COVID-19 DAN ERA INDUSTRI 4.0
Authors: Ambarita Jenri , Yuniati Ester , Sinaga Nurmiani 
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan persepsi-persepsi guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen terhadap pembelajaran online yang dilaksanakan pada masa pandemic covid -19. Persepsi-persepsi guru PAK yang meliputi aspek kemudahan penggunaan, aspek kemudahan dalam membangun komunikasi, aspek dampaknya terhadap motivasi guru dalam mengajar, motivasi untuk meningkatkan kreatifitas guru, dan motivasi guru dalam meningkatkan keterampilannya dalam memanfaatkan TIK. Subyek penelitian adalah guru PAK Indonesia yang bergabung pada grup telegram yang beranggotakan 662 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan penyebaran angket berupa kusioner online dalam bentuk google formulir. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian campuran (mix methode). Penelitian campuran yang dimaksud dalam tulisan ini adalah, data penelitian dari penyebaran angket akan disajikan dalam bentuk statistic sebagai data kuantitatif dan sajian data kuantitaif tersebut akan dideskripsikan sebagai data kualitatif. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini adalah guru PAK yang berada di daerah dengan akses internet kurang lancar, guru yang belum pernah mengikuti PPG ataupun kegiatan workshop pembelajaran online selalu merasa bahwa pembelajaran online itu sulit untuk diterapkan. Dengan demikian, guru pendidikan Agama Kristen lebih memilih pemberian tugas kepada peserta didik. Guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen yang berada di daerah dengan akses internet lancar, guru PAK yang sudah pernah mengikuti PPG dan kegiatan pelatihan pembelajaran online merasa bahwa pembelajaran online mudah untuk diterapkan, bahkan guru PAK memiliki pandangan bahwa pelaksanaan pembelajaran online memberikan motivasi yang positf terhadap guru untuk semakin kreatif, semakin terampil dalam memanfaatkan TIK dalam pembelajaran.
PENERAPAN ARSITEKTUR ORGANIK PADA GEDUNG SARANA OLAHRAGA KABUPATEN GARUT
Authors: Perdana Putra Arief , Hamdani Zamil Dadan 
Published: March 2021

Olahraga merupakan suatu kegiatan yang sangat penting bagi perkembangan fisik maupun mental masyarakat. Memadukan kegiatan olahraga, rekreasi dan edukasi merupakan sesuatu yang positif untuk mendukung perkembangan kehidupan olahraga yang modern. Seiring dengan perkembangan peradaban manusia yang terus berkembang, banyak kegiatan olahraga yang disempurnakan dan diperlombakan sebagai kegiatan pemersatu masyarakat baik lokal maupun internasional.
Salah satu upaya dalam menunjang peningkatan kebutuhan olahraga adalah menghadirkan suatu sarana dan prasarana olahraga. Sarana olahraga yang telah ada di Kabupaten Garut saat ini tidak representatif dan belum memenuhi standar sehingga diperlukan suatu sarana dan prasarana olahraga baru yang disediakan dalam suatu lokasi dan terdiri dari beberapa massa utama yang meliputi fasilitas Olahraga Indoor (olahraga bola basket, olahraga bola voli, dan olahraga badminton / Bulutangkis) dan Fasilitas olahraga Outdoor (olahraga bola voli, jogging trek, sketboard, climbing). Selain itu terdapat pula fasilitas pendukung berupa Kantor Pengelola dan fasilitas komersial berupa ruang baca, food court dan retail untuk penjualan peralatan dan aksesoris untuk olahraga.
Untuk mewujudkan Sarana olahraga yang dimaksud, maka digunakan pendekatan tema Arsitektur Organik. Dimana arsitektur Organik adalah sebuah filosofi arsitektur yang mengangkat keselarasan antara tempat tinggal manusia dan alam melalui desain yang mendekatkan dengan harmonis antara lokasi bangunan, perabot, dan lingkungan menjadi bagian dari satu komposisi, dipersatukan dan saling berhubungan satu sama lain . Dengan demikian diharapkan Gedung Olahraga ini akan dapat menjawab kebutuhan olahraga yang representatif dan memenuhi standarisasi sehingga dapat memberikan pelayanan baik secara rekreasi, edukasi maupun kompetisi.
Determinan Sosial Terhadap Tingkat Literasi Kesehatan Pada Pasien Hipertensi di Puskesmas Kota Cilegon
Authors: Sahroni Sahroni , Anshari Dien , Krianto Tri 
Published: March 2021

Studi terdahulu telah menunjukkan hubungan yang positif antara literasi kesehatan dengan status kesehatan serta pemanfaatan layanan kesehatan, namun belum banyak penelitian mengenai literasi kesehatan pada penderita hipertensi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui determinan sosial yang mempengaruhi tingkat literasi kesehatan pada pasien hipertensi di Kota Cilegon, Banten. Dengan menggunakan disain potong lintang, penelitian ini mengambil data dari pasien hipertensi di delapan puskesmas di Kota Cilegon (n=138). Pengukuran literasi kesehatan dilakukan menggunakan instrumen Health Literacy Scale European Union dengan 16 pertanyaan yang telah diadaptasi. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan model regresi linier ganda dengan literasi kesehatan sebagai variabel dependen dan determinan sosial seperti jenis kelamin, kelompok usia, pendidikan, penghasilan, dan pekerjaan sebagai variabel independen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata skor literasi kesehatan pada penderita hipertensi adalah 58.4 (SD=14.2) dari skala 100. Hasil analisis regresi linier ganda menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna antara skor literasi kesehatan dengan usia (b=-6.1, SE=1.8, p=0.01), pendidikan (b=12.5, SE=2.7, p<0.001), dan penghasilan (b=9.1, SE=2.2, p<0.001). Hasil ini mengindikasikan perlunya penanganan ekstra pada penderita hipertensi yang berusia lanjut, berpendidikan kurang dari SMA, dan berpenghasilan di bawah upah minimum regional.
Identification of Stemness-Related Genes for Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Endocervical Adenocarcinoma by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Guo Hongjun , Wang Siqiao , Ju Min , Yan Penghui , Sun Wenhuizi , Li Zhenyu , Wu Siyu , Lin Ruoyi , Xian Shuyuan , Yang Daoke , Wang Jun , Huang Zongqiang 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundInvasion and metastasis of cervical cancer are the main factors affecting the prognosis of patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CESC). Therefore, it is of vital importance to find novel biomarkers that are associated with CESC invasion and metastasis, which will aid in the amelioration of individualized therapeutic methods for advanced patients.MethodsThe gene expression profiles of 10 metastatic and 116 non-metastatic samples were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), where differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were defined. Weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was employed to identify the stemness-related genes (SRGs). Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to identify the most significant prognostic key genes. Differential expression analysis of transcription factor (TF) and Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) were utilized to explore the potential upstream regulation of TFs and downstream signaling pathways, respectively. Co-expression analysis was performed among significantly enriched TFs, key SRGs, and signaling pathways to construct a metastasis-specific regulation network in CESC. Connectivity Map (CMap) analysis was performed to identify bioactive small molecules which might be potential inhibitors for the network. Additionally, direct regulatory patterns of key genes were validated by ChIP-seq and ATAC-seq data.ResultsDEGs in yellow module acquired via WGCNA were defined as key genes which were most significantly related to mRNAsi. A multivariate Cox regression model was constructed and then utilized to explore the prognostic value of key SRGs by risk score. Area under curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.842. There was an obvious co expression pattern between the TF NR5A2 and the key gene VIM (R = 0.843, p &lt; 0.001), while VIM was also significantly co-expressed with hallmark epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) signaling pathway (R = 0.318, p &lt; 0.001). Naringenin was selected as the potential bioactive small molecule inhibitor for metastatic CESC based on CMap analysis.ConclusionsVIM positively regulated by NR5A2 affected EMT signaling pathways in metastatic CESC, and naringenin was the inhibitor for the treatment of metastatic CESC via suppressing cancer stemness. This hypothetical signaling axis and potential inhibitors provide biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for metastatic CESC.
Type 2 Diabetes and Cognitive Status in the Health and Retirement Study: A Mendelian Randomization Approach
Authors: Ware Erin B. , Morataya Cristina , Fu Mingzhou , Bakulski Kelly M. 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and dementia are leading causes of mortality and disability in the US. T2DM has been associated with dementia; however, causality has not been clearly established. This study tested inferred causality between T2DM and dementia status using a Mendelian randomization approach.MethodsParticipants (50+ years) from the 2010 wave of the Health and Retirement Study of European or African genetic ancestry were included (n = 10,322). History of T2DM was self-reported. Cognitive status (dementia, cognitive impairment non-dementia, or normal cognition) was defined from clinically validated cognitive assessments. Cumulative genetic risk for T2DM was determined using a polygenic score calculated from a European ancestry T2DM genome-wide association study by Xue et al. (2018). All models were adjusted for age, sex, education, APOE-ε4 carrier status, and genetic principal components. Multivariable logistic regression was used to test the association between cumulative genetic risk for T2DM and cognitive status. To test inferred causality using Mendelian randomization, we used the inverse variance method.ResultsAmong included participants, 20.9% had T2DM and 20.7% had dementia or cognitive impairment. Among European ancestry participants, T2DM was associated with 1.66 times odds of cognitive impairment non-dementia (95% confidence interval: 1.55–1.77) relative to normal cognition. A one standard deviation increase in cumulative genetic risk for T2DM was associated with 1.30 times higher odds of T2DM (95% confidence interval: 1.10–1.52). Cumulative genetic risk for T2DM was not associated with dementia status or cognitive-impaired non-dementia in either ancestry (P &gt; 0.05); lack of association here is an important assumption of Mendelian randomization. Using Mendelian randomization, we did not observe evidence for an inferred causal association between T2DM and cognitive impairment (odds ratio: 1.04; 95% confidence interval: 0.90–1.21).DiscussionConsistent with prior research, T2DM was associated with cognitive status. Prevention of T2DM and cognitive decline are both critical for public health, however, this study does not provide evidence that T2DM is causally related to impaired cognition. Additional studies in other ancestries, larger sample sizes, and longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these results.
Proteomic Characterization, Biodistribution, and Functional Studies of Immune-Therapeutic Exosomes: Implications for Inflammatory Lung Diseases
Authors: Elashiry Mahmoud , Elsayed Ranya , Elashiry Mohamed M. , Rashid Mohammad H. , Ara Roxan , Arbab Ali S. , Elawady Ahmed R. , Hamrick Mark , Liu Yutao , Zhi Wenbo , Lucas Rudolf , Vazquez Jose , Cutler Christopher W. 
Published: March 2021

Dendritic cell (DC)-derived exosomes (DC EXO), natural nanoparticles of endosomal origin, are under intense scrutiny in clinical trials for various inflammatory diseases. DC EXO are eobiotic, meaning they are well-tolerated by the host; moreover, they can be custom-tailored for immune-regulatory or -stimulatory functions, thus presenting attractive opportunities for immune therapy. Previously we documented the efficacy of immunoregulatory DCs EXO (regDCs EXO) as immunotherapy for inflammatory bone disease, in an in-vivo model. We showed a key role for encapsulated TGFβ1 in promoting a bone sparing immune response. However, the on- and off-target effects of these therapeutic regDC EXO and how target signaling in acceptor cells is activated is unclear. In the present report, therapeutic regDC EXO were analyzed by high throughput proteomics, with non-therapeutic EXO from immature DCs and mature DCs as controls, to identify shared and distinct proteins and potential off-target proteins, as corroborated by immunoblot. The predominant expression in regDC EXO of immunoregulatory proteins as well as proteins involved in trafficking from the circulation to peripheral tissues, cell surface binding, and transmigration, prompted us to investigate how these DC EXO are biodistributed to major organs after intravenous injection. Live animal imaging showed preferential accumulation of regDCs EXO in the lungs, followed by spleen and liver tissue. In addition, TGFβ1 in regDCs EXO sustained downstream signaling in acceptor DCs. Blocking experiments suggested that sustaining TGFβ1 signaling require initial interaction of regDCs EXO with TGFβ1R followed by internalization of regDCs EXO with TGFβ1-TGFβ1R complex. Finally, these regDCs EXO that contain immunoregulatory cargo and showed biodistribution to lungs could downregulate the main severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) target receptor, ACE2 on recipient lung parenchymal cells via TGFβ1 in-vitro. In conclusion, these results in mice may have important immunotherapeutic implications for lung inflammatory disorders.
Markers of T Cell Exhaustion and Senescence and Their Relationship to Plasma TGF-β Levels in Treated HIV+ Immune Non-responders
Authors: Shive Carey L. , Freeman Michael L. , Younes Souheil-Antoine , Kowal Corinne M. , Canaday David H. , Rodriguez Benigno , Lederman Michael M. , Anthony Donald D. 
Published: March 2021

Background: Immune non-responders (INR) are HIV+, ART-controlled (&gt;2 yrs) people who fail to reconstitute their CD4 T cell numbers. Systemic inflammation and markers of T cell senescence and exhaustion are observed in INR. This study aims to investigate T cell senescence and exhaustion and their possible association with soluble immune mediators and to understand the immune profile of HIV-infected INR. Selected participants were &lt;50 years old to control for the confounder of older age.Methods: Plasma levels of IL-6, IP10, sCD14, sCD163, and TGF-β and markers of T cell exhaustion (PD-1, TIGIT) and senescence (CD57, KLRG-1) were measured in ART-treated, HIV+ participants grouped by CD4 T cell counts (n = 63). Immune parameters were also measured in HIV-uninfected, age distribution-matched controls (HC; n = 30). Associations between T cell markers of exhaustion and senescence and plasma levels of immune mediators were examined by Spearman rank order statistics.Results: Proportions of CD4 T cell subsets expressing markers of exhaustion (PD-1, TIGIT) and senescence (CD57, KLRG-1) were elevated in HIV+ participants. When comparing proportions between INR and IR, INR had higher proportions of CD4 memory PD-1+, EM CD57+, TEM TIGIT+ and CD8 EM and TEM TIGIT+ cells. Plasma levels of IL-6, IP10, and sCD14 were elevated during HIV infection. IP10 was higher in INR. Plasma TGF-β levels and CD4 cycling proportions of T regulatory cells were lower in INR. Proportions of CD4 T cells expressing TIGIT, PD-1, and CD57 positively correlated with plasma levels of IL-6. Plasma levels of TGF-β negatively correlated with proportions of TIGIT+ and PD-1+ T cell subsets.Conclusions: INR have lower levels of TGF-β and decreased proportions of cycling CD4 T regulatory cells and may have difficulty controlling inflammation. IP10 is elevated in INR and is linked to higher proportions of T cell exhaustion and senescence seen in INR.
Complement Overactivation and Consumption Predicts In-Hospital Mortality in SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Sinkovits György , Mező Blanka , Réti Marienn , Müller Veronika , Iványi Zsolt , Gál János , Gopcsa László , Reményi Péter , Szathmáry Beáta , Lakatos Botond , Szlávik János , Bobek Ilona , Prohászka Zita Z. , Förhécz Zsolt , Csuka Dorottya , Hurler Lisa , Kajdácsi Erika , Cervenak László , Kiszel Petra , Masszi Tamás , Vályi-Nagy István , Prohászka Zoltán 
Published: March 2021

ObjectivesUncontrolled thromboinflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus. Complement was implicated as key contributor to this process, therefore we hypothesized that markers of the complement profile, indicative for the activation state of the system, may be related to the severity and mortality of COVID-19.MethodsIn this prospective cohort study samples of 102 hospitalized and 26 outpatients with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 were analyzed. Primary outcome was in-hospital, COVID-19 related mortality, and secondary outcome was COVID-19 severity as assessed by the WHO ordinal scale. Complement activity of alternative and classical pathways, its factors, regulators, and activation products were measured by hemolytic titration, turbidimetry, or enzyme-immunoassays. Clinical covariates and markers of inflammation were extracted from hospital records.ResultsIncreased complement activation was characteristic for hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Complement activation was significantly associated with markers of inflammation, such as interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and ferritin. Twenty-five patients died during hospital stay due to COVID-19 related illness. Patients with uncontrolled complement activation leading to consumption of C3 and decrease of complement activity were more likely to die, than those who had complement activation without consumption. Cox models identified anaphylatoxin C3a, and C3 overactivation and consumption (ratio of C3a/C3) as predictors of in-hospital mortality [HR of 3.63 (1.55–8.45, 95% CI) and 6.1 (2.1–17.8), respectively].ConclusionIncreased complement activation is associated with advanced disease severity of COVID-19. Patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection are more likely to die when the disease is accompanied by overactivation and consumption of C3. These results may provide observational evidence and further support to studies on complement inhibitory drugs for the treatment of COVID-19.