bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced functional properties of biodegradable Polyvinyl alcohol /carboxymethyl cellulose (PVA/CMC) composite films reinforced with L-alanine surface modified CuO nanorods
Authors: Amaregouda Yamanappagouda , Kamanna Kantharaju , Gasti Tilak , Kumbar Vijay 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Herein, we described novel biogenic preparation of the CuO nanorods and its surface modification with L-alanine amino acid accelerated by microwave irradiation. The effect of surface functionalized CuO nanorods on the polyvinyl alcohol/carboxymethyl cellulose film physico-mechanical properties were investigated through various characterization techniques. The tensile strength was improved from 28.58 ± 0.73 MPa to 43.40 ± 0.93 MPa, UV shielding ability and barrier to the water vapors were highly enhanced when PVA/CMC matrices filled with 8 wt% of CuO-L-alanine. In addition, the prepared films exhibited acceptable overall migration limit and readily undergoes soil burial degradation. Nevertheless, CuO-L-alanine incorporated films showed potent antioxidant activity against DPPH radicals and had high antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and antifungal activity against Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis. Furthermore, the nanocomposite films showed negligible cytotoxic effect on HEK293 and Caco-2 cell lines. In these contexts, the developed nanocomposite films can be implementing as an active food packaging material.
Prognostic Factors of Patients with Left-sided Obstructive Colorectal Cancer: Post-hoc Analysis of a Retrospective Multi-center Study in the Japan Colonic Stent Safe Procedure Research Group
Authors: Endo Shungo , Isohata Noriyuki , Kojima Koichiro , Kadono Yoshihiro , Amano Kunihiko , Otsuka Hideo , Fujimoto Tatsuya , Egashira Hideto , Saida Yoshihisa 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

There are many reports on the choice of treatment and prognosis of left-sided obstructive colorectal cancer; only few studies focus on the prognostic factors of LOCRC. Therefore, we analyzed the prognostic factors of left-sided obstructive colorectal cancer by post-hoc analysis of a retrospective multicenter study in the Japan Colonic Stent Safe Procedure Research Group.
Methods

This study was conducted as a post-hoc analysis of a retrospective multi-center observational study which enrolled a total of 301 patients, with the aim of investigating prognostic factors for relapse-free survival. The relationships among sex, age, decompression for bridge to surgery, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, postoperative complications, adjuvant chemotherapy, carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 19 − 9, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and relapse-free survival were examined.
Results

T3 of depth of invasion, negative postoperative complication (grade 0–1 of Clavien-Dindo classification), and administration of adjuvant chemotherapy (in Stage III) indicated a significantly good prognosis using Cox’s univariate analyses. Lymph node metastasis was not selected as a prognostic factor. Then, excluding patients with < 12 harvested lymph nodes, which may indicate stage migration, lymph node metastasis was also determined to be a prognostic factor. Using Cox’s multivariate analysis, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis (excluding N0 cases with < 12 harvested lymph nodes), and adjuvant chemotherapy (all cases) were found to be prognostic factors.
Conclusions

In left-sided obstructive colorectal cancer, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis and adjuvant chemotherapy were found to be prognostic factors, and patients with < 12 dissected lymph nodes could cause stage migration. This may result in disadvantages, such as not being able to receive adjuvant chemotherapy.
Effect of Angle Ply On The Mechanical Performance of Jute Fibre Woven Mat /Epoxy Composites With Varying Ageing Conditions
Authors: S. Satheeshkumar , P Sathishkumar T. , Nagarajan Rajini , P. Navaneethakrishnan , Ismail Sikiru O. , Siengchin Suchart , Mohammad Faruq , Al-Lohedan Hamad A. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The present work investigates the mechanical strengths retention and prediction of maximum service life of sets of laminated composites by analyzing their diffusion coefficients and activation energies, using Fick’s law and Arrhenius principle. Jute fiber woven mat reinforced epoxy laminated composites (JFMRLCs) were prepared by simple hand lay-up and compression molding methods. The layering patterns of 0º balanced laminate of [0º/0º/0º/0º/0º], 30º angle-ply laminate of [0º/+30º/0º/-30º/0º] and 45° angle-ply laminate of [0°/+45°/0°/-45°/0°] were used to prepare the composite samples, according to classical laminated plate theory (CLPT). The composites were immersed in water at different periods of 10, 20, 30 and 40 days aging. The effects of the various periods of aging on their mechanical properties were studied. The results showed that the weights of the composite samples increased by increasing the aging periods. The mechanical properties of aged (wet) composites were compared with the unaged (dry) counterparts to predict their strengths retention. The composite with 45° layering pattern exhibited the maximum strength retention. Also, the same composite sample with layering pattern of 45° produced the maximum activation energy, based on Arrhenius principle. The tensile fractured surfaces were analyzed to investigate into their fiber-matrix interfacial bonds through images obtained from scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Summarily, it was evident that optimum JFMRLCs with layering pattern of 45° exhibited best mechanical properties. Hence, they can act as suitable, sustainable, low cost and environmentally friendly composite materials for structural marine and other related engineering applications.
All-Optical Matter-Wave Lens using Time-Averaged Potentials
Authors: Albers Henning , Corgier Robin , Herbst Alexander , Rajagopalan Ashwin , Schubert Christian , Vogt Christian , Woltmann Marian , Lämmerzahl Claus , Herrmann Sven , Charron Eric , Ertmer Wolfgang , Rasel Ernst , Gaaloul Naceur , Schlippert Dennis 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The stability of matter-wave sensors benefits from interrogating large-particle-number atomic ensembles at high cycle rates.
The use of quantum-degenerate gases with their low effective temperatures allows constraining systematic errors towards highest accuracy, but their production by evaporative cooling is costly with regard to both atom number and cycle rate.
In this work, we report on the creation of cold matter-waves using a crossed optical dipole trap and shaping it by means of an all-optical matter-wave lens.
We demonstrate the trade off between residual kinetic energy and atom number by short-cutting evaporative cooling and estimate the corresponding performance gain in matter-wave sensors.
Our method is implemented using time-averaged optical potentials and hence easily applicable in optical dipole trapping setups.
Southern Africa: The Missing Piece To The Dust Provenance Puzzle of East Antarctica?
Authors: Gili Stefania , Vanderstraeten Aubry , Chaput Amélie , King James , Gaiero Diego , Delmonte Barbara , Vallelonga Paul , Formenti Paola , Biagio Claudia Di , Cazanau Mathieu , Pangui Edouard , Doussin Jean-François , Mattielli Nadine 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Mineral dust is a natural tracer of atmospheric composition and climate variability. Yet, there is still much to be known about the Southern Hemisphere dust cycle during the last Pleistocene. Major efforts have attempted to solve the ‘puzzle’ of the origin of the potential source areas that contribute dust to the Southern Ocean and East Antarctica (EA). Here we present a comprehensive geochemical characterization of an important potential source area, which role as a dust supplier to different environments of the SH has significantly been underestimated, that is, the Southern Africa (SAF) region. On the basis of Sr-Nd-Pb isotope ratios and rare earth element concentrations analyzed in sediments collected along the major dust-producing areas in the Namibian coast (Kuiseb, Omaruru and Huab riverbeds and the Namibian sand sea region), this study demonstrates for the first time that SAF emerges as the second most important dust source to EA during interglacial times.
Increased migration and motility in XIAP-null cells mediated by the C-RAF protein kinase
Authors: Russell Lauren G , Davis Lydia AK , Hunter Jill E , Perkins Neil D , Kenneth Niall S 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The product encoded by the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) gene is a multi-functional protein which not only controls caspase-dependent cell death, but also participates in inflammatory signalling, copper homeostasis, response to hypoxia and control of cell migration. Deregulation of XIAP, either by elevated expression or inherited genetic deletion, is associated with several human disease states. Reconciling XIAP-dependent signalling pathways with its role in disease progression is essential to understand how XIAP promotes the progression of human pathologies. In this study we have created a panel of genetically modified XIAP-null cell lines using TALENs and CRISPR/Cas9 to investigate the functional outcome of XIAP deletion. Surprisingly, in our genetically modified cells XIAP deletion had no effect on programmed cell death, but instead the primary phenotype we observed was a profound increase in cell migration rates. Furthermore, we found that XIAP-dependent suppression of cell migration was dependent on XIAP-dependent control of C-RAF levels, a protein kinase which controls cell signalling pathways that regulate the cytoskeleton. These results suggest that XIAP is not necessary for control of the apoptotic signalling cascade, however it does have a critical role in controlling cell migration and motility that cannot be compensated for in XIAP-knockout cells.
The relationship between visual function and performance in Para-swimming
Authors: Fortin-Guichard Daniel , Ravensbergen Rianne , Krabben Kai , Allen Peter M. , Mann David L. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Paralympic swimmers with vision impairment (VI) currently compete in one of three classes depending on their visual acuity (VA) and/or visual field. However, there is no evidence to suggest that a three-class system is the most legitimate approach for classification in swimming, or that the tests of VA and visual field are the most suitable. An evidence-based approach is required to establish the relationship between visual function and performance in the sport. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish the relationship between visual function and performance in VI swimming. The swimming performance of 45 elite VI swimmers was evaluated during international competitions by measuring the total race time, start time, clean swim velocity, ability to swim in a straight line, turn time and finish time. Visual function was measured using a test battery that included VA, contrast sensitivity, light sensitivity, depth perception, visual search, and motion perception. Results revealed that VA was the best predictor of total race time, though the relationship was not linear. Decision-tree analysis suggested that only two classes were necessary for legitimate competition in VI swimming, with a single cut-off between 2.6–3.5 logMAR. No further significant association remained between visual function and performance in either of the two resulting classes. Results suggest that legitimate competition in VI swimming requires one class for partially sighted and another for functionally blind athletes.
Effect of Anti-Hypertensive Drugs in Geriatric Trauma Patients: A Single-Centre, Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Nagasawa Hiroki , Ishikawa Kouhei , Ota Souichirou , Muramatsu Ken-ichi , Kushida Yoshihiro , Jitsuiki Kei , Ohsaka Hiromichi , Yanagawa Youichi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The relationship between the administration of oral anti-hypertensive drugs and mortality after hospitalisation in trauma patients has not yet been investigated. We conducted a single-centre, retrospective cohort study to determine the effect of anti-hypertensive drugs on mortality and complications in geriatric trauma patients.Methods: Trauma patients aged ≥ 65 years who were admitted to our hospital between January 2018 and December 2020 were analysed. Patients who had not received anti-hypertensive drugs before admission [AHT(–) group] and those who had received anti-hypertensive drugs before admission [AHT(+) group] were compared using 1:1 propensity score-matched analysis. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality, and the secondary outcomes were in-hospital mortality and the incidence of complications during hospitalisation. Outcomes were analysed by calculating the relative risk.Results: A total of 637 patients were included in our study. After propensity score matching, each study group had 223 patients. There was no significant difference in the primary outcome between the two groups [28-day mortality: AHT(–) group vs. AHT(+) group: 3.6% vs. 3.6%, respectively; adjusted relative risk: 1.00; 95% confidence interval: 0.38–2.62]. Regarding secondary outcomes, only the incidence of in-hospital delirium was significantly different between the AHT(–) group and the AHT(+) group (25.1% vs. 13.9%, respectively; adjusted relative risk: 0.55; 95% confidence interval: 0.37–0.82).Conclusions: Regular use of anti-hypertensive drugs did not affect the outcome of geriatric trauma patients. However, the incidence of in-hospital delirium was reduced in patients regularly receiving anti-hypertensive drugs.
A New Phenotypic Classification System for Dyslipidemias Based on the Standard Lipid Panel
Authors: Sampson Maureen , Ballout Rami , Soffer Daniel , Wolska Anna , Wilson Sierra , Meeusen Jeffrey , Donato Leslie , Fatica Erica , Otvos James , Brinton Eliot , Rosenson Robert , Wilson Peter , Amar Marcelo , Shamburek Robert , Karathanasis Sotirios , Remaley Alan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND
Dyslipoproteinemias can be classified by their distinct lipoprotein patterns, which helps determine atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk and directs lipid management but this has required advanced laboratory testing.
OBJECTIVE
To develop a new algorithm for classifying lipoprotein disorders that only relies on the standard lipid panel.
METHODS
Lipid thresholds for defining the different lipoprotein phenotypes were derived for Non-High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (NonHDL-C) and Triglycerides (TG) to be concordant when possible with the current US Multi-Society guidelines for blood cholesterol management.
RESULTS
The new classification method categorizes patients into all the classical Fredrickson-like phenotypes except for Type III dysbetalipoproteinemia. In addition, a new hypolipidemic phenotype (Type VI) due to genetic mutations in apoB-metabolism is described. The validity of the new algorithm was confirmed by lipid analysis by NMR (N = 11,365) and by concordance with classification by agarose gel electrophoresis/beta-quantification (N = 5504). Furthermore, based on the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohort (N = 14742), the lipoprotein phenotypes differ in their association with ASCVD (TypeV > IIb > IVb > IIa > IVa > normolipidemic) and can be used prognostically as risk enhancer conditions in the management of patients.
CONCLUSIONS
We describe a clinically useful lipoprotein phenotyping system that is only dependent upon the standard lipid panel. It, therefore, can be easily implemented for increasing compliance with current guidelines and for improving the care of patients at risk for ASCVD.
Strain-Promoted Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition-Based PSMA-Targeting Ligands For Multimodal Intraoperative Tumor Detection of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Derks Yvonne H.W. , Rijpkema Mark , Amatdjais-Groenen Helene I.V. , Loeff Cato , de Roode Kim E. , Kip Annemarie , Laverman Peter , Lütje Susanne , Heskamp Sandra , Löwik Dennis W.P.M. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC) is a straightforward and multipurpose conjugation strategy. Use of SPAAC to link different functional elements to prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) ligands would facilitate the development of a modular platform for PSMA-targeted imaging and therapy of prostate cancer (PCa). As a first proof-of-concept for the SPAAC chemistry platform we synthesized and characterized four dual-labeled PSMA ligands for intraoperative radiodetection and fluorescence imaging of PCa. Methods: Ligands were synthesized using solid phase chemistry and contained a chelator for 111In or 99mTc labeling. The fluorophore IRDye800CW was conjugated using SPAAC chemistry or conventional N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS)-ester coupling. LogD values were measured and PSMA-specificity of these ligands was determined in LS174T-PSMA cells. Tumor targeting was evaluated in BALB/c nude mice with subcutaneous LS174T-PSMA and LS174T wildtype tumors using µSPECT/CT imaging, fluorescence imaging, and biodistribution studies. Results: SPAAC chemistry increased lipophilicity of the ligands (range LogD: -2.4 to -4.4). In vivo, SPAAC chemistry ligands showed high and specific accumulation in s.c. LS174T-PSMA tumors up to 24 hours after injection, enabling clear visualization using µSPECT/CT and fluorescence imaging. Overall, no significant differences between the SPAAC chemistry ligands and their NHS-based counterparts were found (2 h p.i., p > 0.05), while 111In-labeled ligands outperformed the 99mTc ligands. Conclusion: Here we demonstrate that our newly developed SPAAC-based PSMA ligands show high PSMA-specific tumor targeting. Use of click-chemistry in PSMA ligand development opens up the opportunity for fast, efficient and versatile conjugations of multiple imaging moieties and/or drugs.
Full-Length Gonad Transcriptome Analysis of Amur Sturgeon Dmrt Family Genes: Identification, Characterization and Expression Patterns During Gonadal Differentiation
Authors: Zhang Xiujuan , Li Guanyu , Zhou Jiabin , Lv Mei , Li Linmiao , Chen Jinping 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The regulatory mechanisms that govern sex differentiation in sturgeon are still poorly understood. The doublesex and Mab-3-related transcription factor (Dmrt) gene family is known for its extensive roles in sex determination and differentiation across vertebrates. This study aimed to identify new members of sturgeon Dmrt family genes and core actors in the gonadal differentiation of Amur sturgeon. A full-length gonad transcriptome database was exploited to identify Dmrt gene orthologs. Analyses of phylogenetic relationships and selection pressure were performed, and tissue expression profiles and spatiotemporal expression patterns in gonads were then analyzed using real-time PCR. In total, five Dmrt family genes were identified from the full-length gonad transcriptome, including Dmrt2, DmrtA1, DmrtA2, DmrtB1a and DmrtB1b. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these genes were clustered into clades corresponding to the doublesex/Mav-3 (DM) genes of vertebrates. Furthermore, the analysis of evolutionary selective pressure indicated that DmrtB1a and DmrtB1b were subject to positive selection, suggesting the existence of adaptive evolution in sturgeon. The extensive tissues expression profiling of each Dmrt family gene revealed typical characteristics. Remarkably, according to a spatiotemporal expression pattern analysis, DmrtA1 and DmrtA2 were predominantly distributed in undifferentiated gonads (UGs) and developing ovaries, whereas DmrtB1b showed the lowest expression in UGs. In later stages, DmrtB1b expression continuously increased in testes and was significantly higher in testes than in ovaries at 24 months after hatching (M) and 36M, which strongly suggests that DmrtB1b is a core regulatory factor involved in sexual differentiation in sturgeon. This study provides a genetic resource of full-length Dmrt family genes and increases the understanding of Dmrt functions in sex differentiation in sturgeon.
Zoonotic potential of a novel bat morbillivirus
Authors: Lee Benhur , Ikegame Satoshi , Carmichael Jillian , Wells Heather , Furler Robert , Acklin Joshua , Chiu Hsin-Ping , Oguntuyo Kasopefoluwa , Cox Robert , Patel Aum , Kowdle Shreyas , Stevens Christian , Eckley Miles , Zhan Shijun , Lim Jean , Hashiguchi Takao , Durigon Edison Luís , Schountz Tony , Epstein Jonathan , Plemper Richard , Daszak Peter , Anthony Simon 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Bats are significant reservoir hosts for many viruses with zoonotic potential1. SARS-CoV-2, Ebola virus, and Nipah virus are examples of such viruses that have caused deadly epidemics and pandemics when spilled over from bats into human and animal populations2,3. Careful surveillance of viruses in bats is critical for identifying potential zoonotic pathogens. However, metagenomic surveys in bats often do not result in full-length viral sequences that can be used to regenerate such viruses for targeted characterization4. Here, we identify and characterize a novel morbillivirus from a vespertilionid bat species (Myotis riparius) in Brazil, which we term myotis bat morbillivirus (MBaMV). There are 7 species of morbilliviruses including measles virus (MeV), canine distemper virus (CDV) and rinderpest virus (RPV)5. All morbilliviruses cause severe disease in their natural hosts6–10, and pathogenicity is largely determined by species specific expression of canonical morbillivirus receptors, CD150/SLAMF111 and NECTIN412. MBaMV used Myotis spp CD150 much better than human and dog CD150 in fusion assays. We confirmed this using live MBaMV that was rescued by reverse genetics. Surprisingly, MBaMV replicated efficiently in primary human myeloid but not lymphoid cells. Furthermore, MBaMV replicated in human epithelial cells and used human NECTIN4 almost as well as MeV. Our results demonstrate the unusual ability of MBaMV to infect and replicate in some human cells that are critical for MeV pathogenesis and transmission. This raises the specter of zoonotic transmission of a bat morbillivirus.
Highly efficient blue light-emitting diodes with tunable wavelength using vertically graded bandgap quasi-2D perovskite films
Authors: Fan Zhiyong , Shu Lei , Zhang Qianpeng , Poddar Swapnadeep , Zhang Daquan , Fu Yu , Cao Bryan , Ding Yucheng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Metal halide perovskite materials have emerged as a unique class of solution process compatible semiconductors and alluring candidates for high-performance optoelectronic applications1,2,3, especially light-emitting diodes (LEDs), owing to high quantum efficiency, facile color tunability, narrow emission line widths, as well as cost-effectiveness4,5,6. Despite of the great successes on green and red perovskite LEDs (PeLEDs), the advancement of external quantum efficiency (EQE) of blue PeLEDs still lags far behind those of green and red PeLEDs7,8. Here, we demonstrate color-tunable blue PeLEDs devices with high EQE of 16.1% and 10% for emission wavelengths of 472 nm and 461 nm, respectively. The efficient tunable wavelength electroluminescence (EL) and high (EQE) originate from the optimization of the recombination zone position to reach the charge injection balance in the vertically graded bandgap quasi-2D perovskite materials. Under the synergetic effect of lead chloride (PbCl2) doping and propane-1,3-diammonium (PDABr2) incorporation, the vertically graded bandgap perovskite materials can be prepared by the self-regulation of the reduced-dimensional perovskite during the annealing process. Our work here has significantly elevated the performance of the current blue PeLEDs. It opens up a novel avenue to fabricate high-performance blue PeLEDs that can match up the performance of the green and red PeLEDs for future lighting and display applications.