bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post vs. Post-less Hip Arthroscopy: A Comparison of Traction Force and Patient Specific Parameters
Authors: Dowdle Spencer , Adeyemi Temitope , Cassidy Benjamin , Craig Matthew , Aoki Stephen , Maak Travis 
Published: July 2021

Objectives: Hip distraction during arthroscopic surgery has typically utilized a peroneal post, which has known complications; post-less distraction has thus recently gained favor. This study quantified the traction force required for adequate hip distraction during post-less arthroscopic surgery and compared the data to a previous post cohort including the relationship between force and patient-specific factors. Methods: One-hundred thirty-four patients undergoing primary hip arthroscopy were prospectively enrolled. Twenty-nine patients underwent post-less primary hip arthroscopy. A load-cell attached to the traction boot measured traction force. Fluoroscopic images were obtained to measure joint displacement. The stiffness coefficient was calculated as the force of traction divided by joint displacement. Relationships between the stiffness coefficient and patient specific factors were investigated using a univariable regression model. Variables significant at P<0.05 were included in a multivariable regression model. Results: The mean age for the combined cohort was 31.9 ± 8.6 years, 42.5% (57/134) were male, and mean BMI was 24.8 ± 4.3kg/m2. There was no significant difference in age (32.5 ± 8.4 vs. 29.7 ± 9.0; p=0.12), sex (43.8% male vs 37.9% male; p=0.57), or BMI (24.6 ± 4.1 vs. 25.2 ± 5.1; p=0.51) between the posted and post-less cohorts. Both maximum and final traction force and hip distraction were statistically significantly smaller in the post-less traction group (Table 1). In univariable regression analysis for maximum traction force (K-max), post-less traction, male sex, BMI, alpha angle, Beighton score greater than zero, and hamstring flexibility were significant. For final traction force (K-hold), male sex, BMI, alpha angle, Beighton score greater than zero and hamstring flexibility were significant (Tables 2 and 3). In the multi-variate analysis for (1) K-max, five variables remained significant including, posted vs. post-less, sex, hamstring flexibility, alpha angle and Beighton score, and (2) K-hold, three variables remained significant including, posted vs. post-less, sex, and alpha angle (Tables 2 and 3). Conclusions: Maximal and maintained holding distraction forces were significantly lower in the post-less cohort. Female gender, hamstring flexibility lower alpha angle and Beighton score were found to decrease the maximal force needed for hip distraction. Female gender and lower alpha angle were found to decrease the force needed to maintain distraction. The presence of a labral tear did not correlate with distraction force. These data may be used to identify patients in whom a specific focus on capsular repair and/or plication may be warranted. Moreover, post-less traction may reduce post-related complications by reducing maximal and holding traction forces and perineal pressure.
Increased Posterior Tibial Slope is Associated with Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Graft Re-Rupture
Authors: Ormseth Benjamin , DiBartola Alex , Flanigan David , Siston Robert , Geers Katie , Dorweiler Matthew , Kaeding Christopher , Magnussen Robert , Duerr Robert 
Published: July 2021

Objectives: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) graft failure continues to be a problem with failure rates reported up to 11%. Following revision ACLR, 3.3 – 4.3% of these patients suffer re-tear of the revision ACL graft. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of posterior tibial slope (PTS) on ACL graft re-tear after revision ACLR. It was hypothesized that increased posterior tibial slope (PTS) is associated with an increased risk of ACL graft re-tear following revision ACLR. Methods: Retrospective chart review identified patients who underwent revision ACLR between 2005 and 2016 at a single institution. Patients who suffered an ACL re-tear following revision surgery were matched by age, sex, and graft type to controls who had intact revision ACLR grafts at a minimum of 2 years follow-up. Medial posterior tibial slope (MPTS) and lateral posterior tibial slope (LPTS) were measured on lateral radiographs and sagittal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Tibial slope was then compared between groups using independent sample t-tests. Results: Twenty-nine patients with a graft failure after revision ACLR were included and compared to 29 matched controls with a mean follow-up of 5.8 years (range: 2 to 11.3 years). Each group included 16 males and 13 females. Average age was 26 +/- 8.3 years at time of revision ACLR. Both x-ray and MRI demonstrated increased LPTS in the failure group versus controls (12.7 ± 3.2 degrees vs. 10.6 ± 3.6 degrees, p = 0.02 and 8.1 ± 3.4 degrees vs. 5.0 ± 3.5 degrees, p = 0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference in MPTS between the failure and control groups on x-ray (11.9 ± 2.9 degrees vs. 11.1 ± 3.6 degrees, p = 0.3772) nor MRI (4.3 ± 3.5 degrees vs. 3.3 ± 3.0 degrees, p = 0.2486). Conclusions: Matching for age, sex, and graft type, increased LPTS measured on both x-ray and MRI is associated with increased risk of a subsequent ACL injury following revision ACLR. Identification of at-risk patients may guide pre-operative discussions regarding revision ACL graft failure risk.
Isolated ACL Reconstruction Versus Combined ACL and Anterolateral Ligament Reconstruction: A Matched Case Series with Mean Follow Up of 9 Years
Authors: Haidar Ibrahim , FRADIN Thomas , Rayes Johnny , Vieira Thais , Cédric Ngbilo , Sonnery-Cottet Bertrand , Saithna Adnan 
Published: July 2021

Objectives: The aim of this study was to report long term comparative clinical outcomes of isolated Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) reconstruction versus combined ACL and Anterolateral Ligament (ALL) reconstruction in a matched pair analysis. Methods: A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data was undertaken. Patients who underwent combined ACL and ALL reconstruction were matched 1:1 to patients who had undergone isolated ACL reconstruction using a propensity score. Matching was based upon age, BMI, side to side laxity difference, duration of time between injury and surgery, type of sports participation (e.g pivoting, contact), presence of concomitant meniscal injuries and their treatment. At the end of the study period all patients completed Lysholm, Tegner, IKDC and KOOS scores, and underwent telephone interview and medical notes review to determine whether they had experienced any complications or re-operations after the index procedure. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to determine survivorship with respect to graft rupture rates in each group Results: 90 patients who underwent combined ACL and ALL reconstruction were matched to 90 patients who underwent isolated ACL reconstruction. The mean duration of follow up was 108.09±9.43 months (range 97-182). The combined ACLR and ALLR group had significant lower graft rupture rate (3.5%) than the isolated ACLR group (16%) (OR=5.306 ; CI =1.46-19.19 ; p=0.007) (Fig 1). There was no significant difference between groups with respect to non-graft rupture related reoperation rates (secondary meniscectomy, cyclops excision, arthroscopic lavage for infection or hemarthrosis). Contralateral ACL rupture rates were comparable between combined ACL and ALL reconstruction (16.27%) and isolated ACL reconstruction (19.5%) groups. The KOOS score was significantly higher in the combined group with respect to subdomains of pain (p=0.007) and quality of life (p=0.007). There was no significant difference in other KOOS domains, Tegner, Lysholm, or IKDC Conclusions: This study reports the first long-term results of combined ACL and ALL reconstruction. The results demonstrate a significantly lower graft failure rate when compared to isolated ACL reconstruction in a matched pair series with a minimum follow-up of 9 years.
TMJ Replacement Following Pseudoarthrosis of Condylar Neck Fracture With Dislocation of the Condylar Neck Within the Infra-Temporal Fossa
Authors: Olate Sergio , Huentequeo-Molina Claudio , Unibazo Alejandro , Alister Juan Pablo 
Published: July 2021

Study Design: Case Report Objective: To present a patient with long-standing TMJ dislocation and pseudoarthrosis in the temporal bone treated with orthognathic surgery and unilateral joint replacement. Method: The patient, a 52-year-old female, came to our department to treat facial asymmetry and oral rehabilitation. The patient reported early facial trauma at 7 years old showing partial edentoulism, dental occlusion class III and a 19 mm mandibular midline deviation. Cone beam computed tomography showed the left TMJ in long-standing dislocation into the fossa temporalis, creating a new articular fossa in the temporal bone and adaptation of the hard and soft tissue. Results: Orthognathic surgery and TMJ replacement using a patient-specific implant and dental rehabilitation were planned; surgery was performed with no complications, and the 1-year follow-up showed that this treatment was a good option for long-standing TMJ dislocation. Conclusion: The long-term TMJ dislocation can be successfully treated by TMJ replacement using a patient-specific implant to obtain facial balance and oral function and avoid relapse.
Association of frailty with health service utilisation and health care expenditure in sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Ambagtsheer Rachel C. , Moussa Richard K. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Frailty, a syndrome resulting in heightened risk of negative outcomes for older adults, is increasing across the globe. However, little is known about the health service impacts of frailty in low-income countries (LICs), and in particular, sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This study explores the relationship between frailty and health service 1) utilisation and 2) expenditure within Côte d’Ivoire.

Methods
Participants aged 50 years and over participated in the Living Condition, Health and Resilience among the Elderly study. Frailty was assessed using a 30-item Frailty Index (FI). The association between frailty and self-reported health service utilisation was analysed for general practitioners (GPs), specialists, overnight hospitalisations, traditional practitioners and self-medication. Expenditure over the previous month included consulting, medications, hospitalisations and total expenditure.

Results
Among participants [n = 860, mean age (SD) = 61.8 (9.7) years, 42.9% female], 60.0% were frail, 22.8% pre-frail and 17.2% robust. The mean (SD) FI was 0.28 (0.17). Increased health service utilisation was associated with frailty for GP attendance, traditional practitioners and self-medication but not specialists or overnight hospitalisation. Pre-frailty and frailty were associated with increased total health service expenditure, with frailty also associated with aggregate consulting costs and medications.

Conclusions
Although frailty is associated with health service utilisation and expenditure in a variety of contexts, the study results suggest that such impacts may vary across the globe. The experience of frailty in LICs is likely to differ from that experienced elsewhere due to cultural traditions, attitudes to the health system, and accessibility, with more research needed.
Clinical and genetic factors associated with anxiety and depression in breast cancer patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: HAJJ Aline , HACHEM Roula , KHOURY Rita , HALLIT Souheil , ElJEBBAWI Bashar , NASR Fady , EL KARAK Fadi , CHAHINE Georges , KATTAN Joseph , RABBAA KHABBAZ Lydia 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Despite the progress in assessment and treatment of breast cancer, being diagnosed with it or receiving chemotherapy treatment is still conceived as a traumatic experience. Women develop negative thoughts about life and death with detrimental effects on their daily physical functioning/activities, emotional state and overall quality of life. The aim of our study was to evaluate the level of anxiety and depression among breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and explore the correlation between these psychological disorders, clinical, sociodemographic and genetic factors.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among breast cancer patients undergoing intravenous chemotherapy at the oncology outpatient unit of Hôtel-Dieu de France hospital (November 2017–June 2019; Ethical approval number: CEHDF1016). All patients gave their written informed consent and completed several validated scales, including the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS) for the assessment of anxiety and depression. Sleep quality, insomnia, cognitive function, fatigue and pain were also evaluated. Genotyping for certain gene polymorphisms (CLOCK, PER2, CRY2, OPRM1, ABCB1, COMT, DRD2) was performed using the Lightcycler® (Roche).

Results
A total of 112 women was included. The prevalence of depression was 43.4%, and 56.2% of the patients reported anxiety (based on the HADS classification). Multivariable analysis showed that higher cognitive scores and taking fosaprepitant were significantly associated with lower depression and anxiety scores. Moreover, being married compared to single was also associated with lower depression scores, whereas higher PSQI scores (worse sleep quality) and having the PER2 AA variant genotype compared to GG were significantly associated with higher depression scores. Finally, reporting a more severe insomnia and having the COMT Met/Met genotype were significantly associated with a higher anxiety score.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrated a strong relationship between depression scores and cognitive impairment, sleep quality, marital status, fosaprepitant intake, and PER2 polymorphism, while anxiety scores were correlated to cognitive impairment, insomnia severity, fosaprepitant intake, and COMT polymorphism. The association with PER polymorphism was not previously reported. Identification of genetic and clinical risk factors for anxiety and depression would help clinicians implement an individualized management therapy aiming at preventing and alleviating the burden of these symptoms in breast cancer patients, hence improving their overall quality of life.
Feasibility study of early prediction of postoperative MRI findings for knee stability after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Zhang Jianqiang , Ma Jiyao , Huang Juan , Wang Guoliang , Huang Yilong , Li Zhenhui , Yan Jun , Zeng Xiaomin , Zhu Hongli , Zhao Wei , Li Yanlin , He Bo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
At present, the most effective and mature treatment after ACL injury and tear is ACL reconstruction, but the rehabilitation process after ACL reconstruction that is very long, so it is very important to find early MRI positive findings of knee instability.

Methods
We retrospectively collected the clinical and imaging data of 70 patients who underwent ACL reconstruction from January 2016 to December 2019; Based on clinical criteria, the patients were divided into a stable group (n = 57) and an unstable group (n = 13); We measured the MRI imaging evaluation indexes, including the position of the bone tunnel, graft status, and the anatomical factors; Statistical methods were used to compare the differences of imaging evaluation indexes between the two groups; The prediction equation was constructed and ROC curve was used to compare the prediction efficiency of independent prediction factors and prediction equation.

Results
There were significant differences in the abnormal position of tibial tunnel entrance, percentage of the position of tibial tunnel entrance, position of tibial tunnel exit, lateral tibial posterior slope (LTPS), width of intercondylar notch between stable knee joint group and unstable knee joint group after ACL reconstruction (P < 0.05); The position of tibial tunnel exits and the lateral tibial posterior slope (LTPS) and the sagittal obliquity of the graft were independent predictors among surgical factors and self-anatomical factors (P < 0.05); The prediction equation of postoperative knee stability was established: Logit(P) = -1.067–0.231*position of tibial tunnel exit + 0.509*lateral tibial posterior slope (LTPS)-2.105*sagittal obliquity of the graft; The prediction equation predicted that the AUC of knee instability was 0.915, the sensitivity was 84.6%, and the specificity was 91.2%.

Conclusions
We found that abnormalities of the position of the exit of the bone tunnel, lateral tibial posterior slope (LTPS) and sagittal obliquity of the graft were the early MRI positive findings of knee instability after ACL reconstruction. It is helpful for clinicians to predict the stability of knee joint after ACL reconstruction.
Predicting temperature-dependent transmission suitability of bluetongue virus in livestock
Authors: El Moustaid Fadoua , Thornton Zorian , Slamani Hani , Ryan Sadie J. , Johnson Leah R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe transmission of vector-borne diseases is governed by complex factors including pathogen characteristics, vector–host interactions, and environmental conditions. Temperature is a major driver for many vector-borne diseases including Bluetongue viral (BTV) disease, a midge-borne febrile disease of ruminants, notably livestock, whose etiology ranges from mild or asymptomatic to rapidly fatal, thus threatening animal agriculture and the economy of affected countries. Using modeling tools, we seek to predict where the transmission can occur based on suitable temperatures for BTV. We fit thermal performance curves to temperature-sensitive midge life-history traits, using a Bayesian approach. We incorporate these curves intoS(T), a transmission suitability metric derived from the disease’s basic reproductive number,$$R_0.$$R0.This suitability metric encompasses all components that are known to be temperature-dependent. We use trait responses for two species of key midge vectors,Culicoides sonorensisandCulicoides variipennispresent in North America. Our results show that outbreaks of BTV are more likely between 15$$^{\circ }$$∘C and$$34^{\circ }\hbox { C}$$34∘C, with predicted peak transmission risk at 26$$^\circ$$∘ C. The greatest uncertainty inS(T) is associated with the following: the uncertainty in mortality and fecundity of midges near optimal temperature for transmission; midges’ probability of becoming infectious post-infection at the lower edge of the thermal range; and the biting rate together with vector competence at the higher edge of the thermal range. We compare three model formulations and show that incorporating thermal curves into all three leads to similar BTV risk predictions. To demonstrate the utility of this modeling approach, we created global suitability maps indicating the areas at high and long-term risk of BTV transmission, to assess risk and to anticipate potential locations of disease establishment.
Superresolution reconstruction method for ancient murals based on the stable enhanced generative adversarial network
Authors: Cao Jianfang , Jia Yiming , Yan Minmin , Tian Xiaodong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA stable enhanced superresolution generative adversarial network (SESRGAN) algorithm was proposed in this study to address the low-resolution and blurred texture details in ancient murals. This algorithm makes improvements on the basis of GANs, which use dense residual blocks to extract image features. After two upsampling steps, the feature information of the image is input into the high-resolution (HR) image space to realize an improvement in resolution, and the reconstructed HR image is finally generated. The discriminator network uses VGG as its basic framework to judge the authenticity of the input image. This study further optimized the details of the network model. In addition, three loss optimization models, i.e., the perceptual loss, content loss, and adversarial loss models, were integrated into the proposed algorithm. The Wasserstein GAN-gradient penalty (WGAN-GP) theory was used to optimize the adversarial loss of the model when calculating the perceptual loss and when using the preactivation feature information for calculation purposes. In addition, public data sets were used to pretrain the generative network model to achieve a high-quality initialization. The simulation experiment results showed that the proposed algorithm outperforms other related superresolution algorithms in terms of both objective and subjective evaluation indicators. A subjective perception evaluation was also conducted, and the reconstructed images produced by our algorithm were more in line with the general public’s visual perception than those produced by the other compared algorithms.
Protecting patients and staff in residential treatment centers during exposure to COVID-19: commentary
Authors: Johnson Kimberly A. , Keough Carolyn , Hills Holly , Vermeer Wouter , Lengnick-Hall Rebecca , McNulty Moira , McGovern Mark , Brown Hendricks 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has created a crisis in access to addiction treatment. Programs with residential components have been particularly impacted as they try to keep infection from spreading in facilities and contributing to further community spread of the virus. This crisis highlights the ongoing daily trade-offs that organizations must weigh as they balance the risks and benefits of individual patients with those of the group of patients, staff and the community they serve.

Main body
The COVID-19 pandemic has forced provider organizations to make individual facility level decisions about how to manage patients who are COVID-19 positive while protecting other patients, staff and the community. While guidance documents from federal, state, and trade groups aimed to support such decision making, they often lagged pandemic dynamics, and provided too little detail to translate into front line decision making. In the context of incomplete knowledge to make informed decisions, we present a way to integrate guidelines and local data into the decision process and discuss the ethical dilemmas faced by provider organizations in preventing infections and responding to COVID positive patients or staff.

Conclusion and commentary
Provider organizations need decision support on managing the risk of COVID-19 positive patients in their milieu. While useful, guidance documents may not be capable of providing support with the nuance that local data and simulation modeling may be able to provide.