bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of attribute alignability on brand evaluation in a competitive context: The moderating role of regulatory mode
Authors: Lee Byung‐Kwan , Suh Taewon , Noh Hwan‐Ho 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBased on structural alignment and regulatory mode theories, this research examined how different regulatory modes (assessment and locomotion) affect attitude and purchase intention for a target brand when it is presented in nonalignable/alignable comparison contexts. According to the structural alignment theory, alignable attributes are comparable aspects across product alternatives (e.g., Popcorn A has calories equal to 20 peanuts while Popcorn B has calories equal to 10 peanuts) while nonalignable attributes are aspects that do not correspond to aspects in other options (e.g., Popcorn A has fiber while Popcorn B tastes a bit sweet). Study 1 employed locomotion mode and attribute alignability (alignable vs. nonalignable) as between‐subjects variables. Study 2 employed a single‐factor (regulatory mode: assessment vs. locomotion) design. Data were collected from Amazon's Mechanical Turk participant pool. Findings indicated that the match between regulatory mode and structural alignment of brand attributes affects consumer evaluation and behavioral intention. In Study 1, high locomotors evaluated the target product more favorably and tended to purchase the target brand more in a nonalignable comparison context but not in an alignable one. In Study 2, assessors preferred an alignable‐better brand more than locomotors did, whereas locomotors tended to prefer a nonalignable‐better brand more than assessors did. Implications are discussed related to the effects of regulatory mode and attribute alignability on consumer preference and brand strategies.
Nano WO3‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Process for Mild Oxidative Depolymerization of Lignin and its Model Compounds
Authors: Liang Jing , Wang Meng‐Xiao , Zhao Yun‐Peng , Yan Wei‐Wei , Si Xing‐Gang , Yu Guo , Cao Jing‐Pei , Wei Xian‐Yong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDespite challenges related to the robust and irregular structure of lignin, the valorization of this aromatic biopolymer has aroused great interest. However, the current methods exhibit problems such as harsh reaction conditions, complicated operation, and difficult recovery of catalyst. Herein we present a one‐pot process for the mild oxidative depolymerization of lignin and lignin model compounds catalyzed by nano WO3, along with tert‐butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP) as the oxidant and NaOH as the additive, which exhibits advantages of both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. Under the optimized condition, it yielded 80.4 wt % of liquid oil from organosolv lignin with 7.6 wt % of vanillic acid as the main monomer product, accounting for 91.6 wt % monomeric selectivity. Mechanism studies on the model substrate suggest that the reaction proceeds via an oxidation of Cα−OH to C=O followed by C−O bond cleavage to afford phenol and ketone products which may undergo further oxidation to produce aromatic carboxylic acids. We have developed an operationally simple procedure for mild fragmentation of lignin and lignin model compounds with excellent yields, which provides the potential to expand the existing lignin usage from energy source to value‐added commodity chemicals.
Water‐Soluble Gold(III)–Metformin Complex Alters Mitochondrial Bioenergetics in Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Hyun Kim Jong , Ofori Samuel , Mertens R. Tyler , Parkin Sean , Awuah Samuel G. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractChemical control of mitochondrial dynamics and bioenergetics can unravel fundamental biological mechanisms and therapeutics for several diseases including, diabetes and cancer. We synthesized stable, water‐soluble gold(III) complexes (Auraformin) supported by biguanide metformin or phenylmetformin for efficacious inhibition of mitochondrial respiration. The new compounds were characterized following the reaction of [C N]‐cyclometalated gold(III) compounds with respective biguanides. Auraformin is solution stable in a physiologically relevant environment. We show that auraformin decreases mitochondrial respiration efficiently in comparison to the clinically used metformin by 100‐fold. The compound displays significant mitochondrial uptake and induces antiproliferative activity in the micromolar range. Our results shed light on the development of new scaffolds as improved inhibitors of mitochondrial respiration.
Individual prediction of nonadherence to oral mercaptopurine in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Results from COG AALL03N1
Authors: Hoppmann Anna L. , Chen Yanjun , Landier Wendy , Hageman Lindsey , Evans William E. , Wong F. Lennie , Relling Mary V. , Bhatia Smita 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundPoor mercaptopurine (6MP) adherence (mean adherence rate < 90%) increases the relapse risk among children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). 6MP adherence remains difficult to measure in real time. Easily measured patient‐level factors could identify patients at risk for poor adherence.MethodsThe authors measured 6MP adherence via electronic monitoring for 6 months per patient. Using data from month 3, they created a risk prediction model for 6MP nonadherence in 407 children with ALL (mean age, 7.7 ± 4.4 years); they used receiver operating characteristic analyses in the training set (n = 250) and replicated this in the test set (n = 157).ResultsAge, race/ethnicity, 6MP dose intensity, absolute neutrophil count, 6MP ingestion patterns, and household structure were retained in the prediction model. The model yielded areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) of 0.79 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.71‐0.85) and 0.74 (95% CI, 0.63‐0.85) in the training and test sets, respectively. The model performed better for those who were ≥12 years old (AUC, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.59‐0.99) than those <12 years old (AUC, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.58‐0.81). Using the predicted probability of nonadherence based on receiver operating characteristic analysis, the authors developed a binary risk classifier to classify patients with a high or low probability of nonadherence. The sensitivity and specificity of the binary risk classifier were 71% and 76%, respectively. Adjusted for clinical prognosticators, the risk of relapse was 2.2‐fold higher (95% CI, 0.94‐5.1; P = .07) among patients with a high probability of nonadherence in comparison with those with a low probability, as identified by the risk prediction model.ConclusionsThe risk prediction model identified patients with a high probability of nonadherence and could be used in real time to personalize recommendations and interventions in the clinic.Lay Summary

The vast majority of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the most common childhood cancer, are cured.

The treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia includes taking an oral chemotherapy medicine (mercaptopurine) for approximately 2 years. Children who miss doses of this medicine (specifically children who take the medicine less than 90% of the time that it is prescribed) are more likely to suffer leukemia relapse.

The authors of this article have measured mercaptopurine adherence with electronic bottle caps to determine characteristics of patients that predict nonadherence, and they have created a prediction tool that could allow physicians to identify and intervene with patients at high risk of nonadherence.
Pharmacokinetics of a Fixed‐Dose Combination of Amlodipine/Losartan and Chlorthalidone Compared to Concurrent Administration of the Separate Components
Authors: Jeon Inseung , Moon Seol Ju , Park Sang‐In , Choi Yewon , Jung Jina , Yu Kyung‐Sang , Chung Jae‐Yong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHypertension is more effectively treated with coadministration of 2 or more antihypertensive drugs than with high‐dose monotherapy. Therefore, calcium channel blockers, angiotensin II receptor blockers, and thiazides are coadministered to treat hypertension. The objective of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles of HCP1401, a fixed‐dose combination of amlodipine 5 mg, losartan 100 mg, and chlorthalidone 25 mg, with the separate components (loose combination) of amlodipine/losartan 5/100 mg and chlorthalidone 25 mg. A randomized, open‐label, single‐dose, 2‐way crossover study was conducted. Blood samples for amlodipine and chlorthalidone were collected for up to 144 hours after dosing, whereas those for losartan were collected up to 48 hours after dosing. The PK parameters of these drugs were calculated using a noncompartmental method. Sixty subjects completed the study. The geometric mean ratios and 90% confidence intervals of maximum plasma concentration and area under the concentration–time curve to the last measurable point for amlodipine, losartan, and chlorthalidone were within the conventional bioequivalence range of 0.80 to 1.25. There were no clinically significant changes in safety assessments, and the treatments were well tolerated. The PK characteristics and tolerability profiles of a single oral FDC of amlodipine, losartan, and chlorthalidone were equivalent to those of individual tablets in a loose combination.
Looking for the Elusive Imine Tautomer of Creatinine: Different States of Aggregation Studied by Quantum Chemistry and Molecular Spectroscopy
Authors: Léon Iker , Tasinato Nicola , Spada Lorenzo , Alonso Elena R. , Mata Santiago , Balbi Alice , Puzzarini Cristina , Alonso Jose L. , Barone Vincenzo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNew spectroscopic experiments and state‐of‐the‐art quantum‐chemical computations of creatinine in different aggregation states unequivocally unveiled a significant tuning of tautomeric equilibrium by the environment: from the exclusive presence of the amine tautomer in the solid state and aqueous solution to a mixture of amine and imine tautomers in the gas phase. Quantum‐chemical calculations predict the amine species as the most stable tautomer by about 30 kJ mol−1 in condensed phases. On the contrary, moving to the isolated forms, both Z and E imine isomers become more stable by about 7 kJ mol−1. Since the imine isomers and one amine tautomer are separated by significant energy barriers, all of them should be present in the gas phase. This prediction has indeed been confirmed by high‐resolution rotational spectroscopy, which provides the first experimental characterization of the elusive imine tautomer. The interpretation of the complicated hyperfine structure of the rotational spectrum, originated by three 14N nuclei, makes it possible to use the spectral signatures as a sort of fingerprint for each individual tautomer in the complex sample.
Optoelectronic Evaluation, Chemical Potential Identification, Chemiparametric Oscillation Mapping, and Dielectric Efficiency Investigation of Organic NLO Crystal: 2‐Aminofluorene Using Computational Calculations
Authors: Thirumurugan Ramalingam , Ramalingam Singaravelu , Periandy Sengany , Aarthi Ramadoss 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this work, the semi‐organic, 2‐aminofluorene single‐crystal is grown by slow evaporation method. The crystal is optimized and determination of optical axis and the crystal sample is characterized. The volume of the crystal is 568.22 Å3and density −1.311 mg cm−3. The XRD parameters estimate crystal lattice as orthorhombic. The birefringence effect is measured with inter‐atomic attractive dispersion forces. The rearrangement of molecular frame of fluorine on par with amino substitution is estimated. The electro‐optic effect is established by parametric oscillations of accumulation of chemical potential to enable the mechanism of nonlinear optical (NLO) effect. The dielectric loss with respect to the temperature/electrical frequency and the active optical property is measured. The amino group causes optical scattering of nodal regions for radiation absorption process to fascinate optical endurance. The chemical energy processing to acquire the chemical potential to operate light frequency amplification is thoroughly studied from the observation of chemical shift over the molecular frame. The oscillated parametric energy on nonbonding molecular orbital (NBMO) is initiated by the NH2group on the ring carbon–carbon (CC) and it is exchanged among nodal zones of core and comprised of the above segments of the ring.
Review of reduced‐switch multilevel inverters for electric vehicle applications
Authors: Aishwarya Venkittaraman , Gnana Sheela Kesari 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper deals with the detailed review and comparative analysis of latest reduced switch multilevel inverter topologies for electric vehicle applications. The recent trends in reduced‐switch multilevel inverters are discussed. Detailed review of the reduced‐switch multilevel inverter topologies, their merits and demerits, and the comparative analysis based on component count, total harmonic distortion, and efficiency are conducted. This paper gives a detailed review of recent trends in reduced‐switch multilevel inverter topologies for electric vehicle applications. Switching pattern of the topologies is provided for better understanding of the inverter operation. Comparative analysis of the reduced‐switch inverter topologies based on the component count, total harmonic distortion of output voltage, and efficiency is also presented in this paper. Based on the comparative analysis, it is observed that the interleaved nine‐level flying capacitor multilevel inverter topology achieved the lowest output voltage distortion of 1.6%, which is within the acceptable limits of IEEE 519‐2014 standard. It is observed that the three‐level active neutral point clamped multilevel inverter topology achieved the highest working efficiency of 99.4%. This paper discusses the most recent trends in reduced‐switch multilevel inverters. A comprehensive review of the recent publications and a crisp comparative analysis of the different inverter configurations based on component count, harmonic distortion of output voltage, and efficiency are presented in this paper.
In situ adaptation and ecological release facilitate the occupied niche expansion of a non‐native Madagascan day gecko in Florida
Authors: Fieldsend Thomas W. , Dubos Nicolas , Krysko Kenneth L. , Raxworthy Christopher J. , Malone Sparkle L. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimTo investigate whether the frequently advocated climate‐matching species distribution modeling approach could predict the well‐characterized colonization of Florida by the Madagascar giant day gecko Phelsuma grandis.LocationMadagascar and Florida, USA.MethodsTo determine the climatic conditions associated with the native range of P. grandis, we used native‐range presence‐only records and Bioclim climatic data to build a Maxent species distribution model and projected the climatic thresholds of the native range onto Florida. We then built an analogous model using Florida presence‐only data and projected it onto Madagascar. We constructed a third model using native‐range presences for both P. grandis and the closely related parapatric species P. kochi.ResultsDespite performing well within the native range, our Madagascar Bioclim model failed to identify suitable climatic habitat currently occupied by P. grandis in Florida. The model constructed using Florida presences also failed to reflect the distribution in Madagascar by overpredicting distribution, especially in western areas occupied by P. kochi. The model built using the combined P. kochi/P. grandis dataset modestly improved the prediction of the range of P. grandis in Florida, thereby implying competitive exclusion of P. grandis by P. kochi from habitat within the former's fundamental niche. These findings thus suggest ecological release of P. grandis in Florida. However, because ecological release cannot fully explain the divergent occupied niches of P. grandis in Madagascar versus Florida, our findings also demonstrate some degree of in situ adaptation in Florida.Main conclusionsOur models suggest that the discrepancy between the predicted and observed range of P. grandis in Florida is attributable to either in situ adaptation by P. grandis within Florida, or a combination of such in situ adaptation and competition with P. kochi in Madagascar. Our study demonstrates that climate‐matching species distribution models can severely underpredict the establishment risk posed by non‐native herpetofauna.
Hydrosilylation of Carbonyl Compounds Catalyzed by a Nickel Complex Bearing a PBP Ligand
Authors: Antonio Fernández José , Manuel García Juan , Ríos Pablo , Rodríguez Amor 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe efficient catalytic hydrosilylation of ketones and aldehydes has been investigated using a nickel pincer hydride complex supported by a diphosphino‐boryl ligand (PBP). It was found that the presence of the boryl group within the skeleton of the ligand has a beneficial effect on the catalytic activities observed for ketones compared to related pincer systems. The analysis of the reaction mechanism allows for the synthesis and characterization of a nickel alkoxide derivative by insertion of the carbonyl moiety into the Ni−H bond. Combined experimental and theoretical analysis (DFT) support a reaction mechanism that involves the initial formation of an alkoxide complex followed by reaction with the silane to release the corresponding silyl ether and regenerate the catalyst.
Electrochemical Detection of β‐Lactoglobulin Allergen Using Titanium Dioxide/Carbon Nanochips/Gold Nanocomposite‐based Biosensor
Authors: Hong Shyang Pei , Mohd‐Naim Noor Faizah , Keasberry Natasha Ann , Ahmed Minhaz Uddin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA label‐free electrochemical immunosensor was developed for the ultra‐sensitive detection of β‐lactoglobulin (β‐LG). The novel nanocomplex of carbon nanochips, colloidal gold nanoparticles and titanium dioxide nanoparticles TiO2/CNC/AuC were constructed on conducting polymer, chitosan, and were characterised using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX). This nanocomplex interface was studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and showed great improvement at the gold electrode surface with enhanced electrochemical performance, sensitivity and selectivity for β‐lactoglobulin. Under optimal parameters, the square wave voltammetry (SWV) response curve was determined from 0.01 pg/mL to 500 pg/mL using [Fe(CN)6]3−/4−] redox probe. The calibration plot illustrates a linear relationship between log β‐LG concentration and SWV current, with the limit of detection determined to be 0.01 pg/mL. This immunosensor displayed high sensitivity, selectivity, reproducibility and stability, and can be utilised for the detection of β‐LG in real food samples.
Recent advances in the rational design of 2D MXenes in energy conversion and storage systems
Authors: Sheikh Nayab , Tahir Muhammad Bilal , Fatima Nisar , Sagir Muhammad , Pervaiz Muhammad , Tahir M. Suleman 
Published: June 2021

SummaryThe most encouraging prospect of energy storage gadgets is batteries and supercapacitors to overcome the need for energy. The environmental problems presently captivate a huge interest in scientific awareness. The improvement of two‐dimensional (2D) profoundly effective cathode materials is the way to new research in the fields of energy transformation as well as energy storage devices. MXenes, another fascinating group of 2D transition metal carbides, nitrides and carbo‐nitrides has gained impressive consideration because of their phenomenal properties like high electrical conductivity, hydrophilic nature, magnificent thermal strength, huge interlayer separation, effectively tunable construction, and high surface area. In this review, various MXenes synthesis courses utilizing distinctive materials for example hydrofluoric acid, ammonium hydrazine, lithium fluoride, and hydrochloric acid have been discussed. Additionally, different combinations of MXenes with the leading polymers are still there and should have been investigated. Potential applications of MXenes have also been discussed in the perspective of energy harvesting. MXenes have been proved as promising candidates to resolve the energy crisis because of their pre‐eminent applications in batteries, supercapacitors, and cells. MXenes have also been used for carbon dioxide reduction and hydrogen production.
1‐Methylcyclopropene (1‐MCP) retards the senescence ofPteridium aquilinum var. latiusculumby regulating the cellular energy status and membrane lipid metabolism
Authors: Zhang Wentao , Li Zhen , Du Meiling , Zhang Xiuling , Tian Yaqin , Wang Jinge 
Published: June 2021

Abstract1‐MCP is an ethylene inhibitor which can delay the ripening and senescence of fruits and vegetables effectively.Pteridium aquilinum var. Latiusculum(PA) is one of the wild vegetables which is famous and nutrient in China. However, the mechanism of PA preservation treated with 1‐MCP has not been reported. Consequently, the effects of postharvest 1‐MCP treatment on the changes in quality, energy metabolism, and membrane lipid metabolism of PA were investigated in this study. The results indicated that 1‐MCP treatment could effectively inhibit the decreases in firmness, titratable acid (TA) content and the increases in weight loss rate, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, membrane permeability, and membrane lipid metabolism‐related enzymes in PA. The cellular energy charge (EC) and the levels of ATP, ATP/ADP, and ATP/AMP, the activities of energy metabolism‐related enzymes, NAD+, and NADH were maintained, and the decreases in unsaturated fatty acids and the ratio of unsaturated‐to‐saturated fatty acids in the membrane of PA cells were effectively retarded by 1‐MCP treatment. A positive correlation was observed between cellular ATP levels and the ratio of unsaturated‐to‐saturated fatty acids, while negative correlations were observed between the ratio of unsaturated‐to‐saturated fatty acids and both lipid peroxidation and membrane permeability. These results indicated that higher levels of energy status, unsaturated‐to‐saturated fatty acid ratios, and lipid metabolism in the membrane could preserve the membrane integrity of postharvest PA and effectively extend its shelf life.
Variations on gut health and energy metabolism in pigs and humans by intake of different dietary fibers
Authors: Yang Pan , Zhao Jinbiao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMany studies have reported that dietary fibers play a crucial role in promoting intestinal health of the host, since it strengthens functions of epithelial barrier and meanwhile maintains intestinal homeostasis of the host by modulating gut microbiota and short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. Pig is a good animal model to study effects of dietary fiber on gut health and microbial community. This review has summarized the relevant knowledge available based on roles of various dietary fibers in gut health and energy metabolism of pigs and humans. Evidences summarized in our review indicated that modulating intestinal microbial composition and SCFA production by consuming specific dietary fibers properly could be conducive to health improvement and disease prevention of the host. However, types of dietary fiber from edible foods exert divergent impacts on gut health, energy metabolism, microbial composition, and SCFA production. Therefore, more attention should be focused on different responses of various dietary fibers intake on host metabolism and health.