bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geospatial Analysis of Soil Erosion including Precipitation Scenarios in a Conservation Area of the Amazon Region in Peru
Authors: García Ligia , Veneros Jaris , Pucha-Cofrep Franz , Chávez Segundo , Bustamante Danilo E. , Calderón Martha S. , Morales Eli , Oliva Manuel 
Published: September 2021

The Tilacancha Private Conservation Area provides fresh water to the city of Chachapoyas. Therefore, the amount of soil lost in the year and under precipitation scenarios was determined. Individually, the values of the factors were obtained: rain erosivity (R) in 2019 and simulating increase and decrease of 15% of rainfall, soil erodibility (K), length and degree of slope (LS), land cover (C), and conservation practices (P); they were integrated into USLE, obtaining A = R

∗

K

∗

LS

∗

PC, (t/ha.yr). Six ranges of erosion were found, and the ACP had areas where from 0.4 to 665.20 t/ha.yr of soil was lost. A 15% reduction in rainfall would represent a loss of soil from 0.20 to 301.56 t/ha.yr and an increase in rainfall by 15%, and the erosion ranges would vary from 0.2 to 1028.84 t/ha.yr.
Ecological Associations Between Inclusionary Zoning Policies and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prevalence: An Observational Study
Authors: Jones Antwan , Squires Gregory D. , Nixon Carolynn 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Providing an adequate supply of affordable housing has become an increasingly difficult challenge for US cities. Inclusionary zoning (IZ) policies have become an increasingly popular response. Substantial research has demonstrated the health benefits of stable, affordable housing. There is anecdotal but not systematic evidence that IZ policies may be associated with some health benefits of affordable housing.

Methods:
We rely on data from the 2017 500 Cities Project, the 2016 to 2017 Lincoln Institute for Land Policy survey, and the 2011 to 2015 American Community Survey. We perform bivariate tests and cluster ordinary least squares regression to examine associations at the municipal level between having inclusionary zoning (IZ) policies, the attributes of those policies, and the prevalence of several cardiovascular outcomes.

Results:
Cardiovascular outcomes and socioeconomic characteristics were uniformly better in cities with IZ policies. IZ policies were associated with lower blood pressure (95% CI, −0.50 to −0.13), cholesterol (CI, −0.89 to −0.31), and blood pressure medication (CI, −0.57 to −0.03) prevalence. Some characteristics of IZ programs such as being mandatory, prioritizing rental development, and allocating a larger share of affordable housing are associated with cardiovascular risk prevalence.

Conclusions:
Characteristics of IZ programs that ultimately benefit low-income residents are associated with favorable municipal-level cardiovascular health. Further, IZ policies could potentially address complex health challenges among economically vulnerable households.
Association of Adiposity With Incident Diabetes Among Black Adults in the Jackson Heart Study
Authors: Joseph Joshua J. , Kluwe Bjorn , Echouffo‐Tcheugui Justin B. , Zhao Songzhu , Brock Guy , Kline David , Odei James B. , Kalyani Rita R. , Bradley David P. , Hsueh Willa A. , Sims Mario , Golden Sherita H. 
Published: September 2021

Background
The prognostic value of anthropometric, adipokine, and computed tomography measures of adiposity to predict diabetes in Black, specifically by normoglycemia versus prediabetes, remains incompletely understood.

Methods and Results

Among Black participants without diabetes in the JHS (Jackson Heart Study), waist circumference [WC], body mass index, adiponectin, leptin, and leptin:adiponectin ratio were standardized in sample 1 (2422 participants at baseline [2000–2004]) and WC, body mass index, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue, and liver attenuation in 1537 participants at examination 2 (2005–2008) (sample 2). Hazard ratios (HRs) for diabetes were estimated using interval‐censored Cox modeling adjusting for traditional risk factors and validated with the C index. Over 5 years, 300 and 122 incident diabetes cases occurred in sample 1 and sample 2, respectively. In sample 1 and sample 2, a 1‐SD higher log‐leptin:adiponectin ratio and VAT had the strongest associations (HR, 1.95 [95% CI, 1.67–2.27] and 1.76 [95% CI, 1.52–2.04]) and discriminatory power (C index 0.68 [95% CI, 0.64–0.71] and C index 0.67 [95% CI, 0.61–0.74]) with diabetes. The normoglycemic compared with the prediabetes group had a 1.3 to 1.9 times greater magnitude of associations with diabetes for WC, liver attenuation, and VAT (
P
interaction <0.10). In sample 2, C indices for WC (HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.73–0.95), VAT (HR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.85–0.98), and liver attenuation (HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.77–1.00) were greater than HbA
1c
(HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.57–0.90) in normoglycemia, whereas HbA
1c
was best in prediabetes (HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.66–0.78).

Conclusions

Overall, among Black adults, multiple measures of adiposity were associated with incident diabetes with modest predictive ability. In Black patients with normoglycemia, WC, liver attenuation, and VAT may appropriately identify those at high risk for diabetes, whereas HbA
1c
was the best predictor in individuals with prediabetes.
BioTechnology as BioParody – Strategies for Salience
Authors: Nordmann Alfred 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Whether “biomimetic” or “bioinspired,” the projects of bioengineering tend to refer their devices or inventions to the biological systems that provide models or originals for detachable functionalities. And yet, they do not satisfy the picturing relation of original and copy. They are mimetic or imitative in the sense of reenacting a function in a different setting with its own principles of composition or its own parameters that select for salience. The taking up of salient features for the purposes of producing a performance of functionality results not in the copy of an original but in its parody. Parodies are not judged for their veracity but for their effectiveness. They have a heuristic value in the context of design and for knowing the world through making and building. In somewhat experimental fashion, this paper seeks to develop a vocabulary for the parodistic qualities of Synthetic Biology, genome editing, or other bioengineering practices. In order to do so, it introduces categories from aesthetics to qualify modeling relations, one of these categories being the notion of “parody” itself.
Improving culture of care through maximising learning from observations and events: Addressing what is at fault
Authors: Robinson Sally , White Wesley , Wilkes John , Wilkinson Catherine 
Published: September 2021

The term ‘culture of care’ in the context of using animals for scientific purpose describes the culture in organisations that provides support to staff to strive for continuous improvement in: • animal care and welfare; • support and recognition of staff involved in the animal care and use programme; • scientific quality; • openness and transparency. We developed a systematic process for reporting observations and events that have the potential to help with continuous learning, improving animal welfare and supporting staff. The process took learning from the safety, health and environment arena on accident prevention. The two key aspects were (a) the systematic logging of observations and events; and (b) the learning approach to following up on observations. Underpinning our systematic process is the ‘Learning from Observations and Events Log’. Reported observations and events can relate to positive practices, general observations as well as near misses. We created an environment to promote continuous improvement for both animals and staff by recognising, rewarding and sharing good practice, as well as where near misses are openly reported and learnt from. Supporting animal welfare, staff welfare, improving scientific quality and transparency are the four key pillars of a positive culture of care. We recognised early on that using a system and learning approach to follow up on observations and events rather than a people and blame approach was key to developing open reporting and a positive culture. In the systems approach, errors are consequences rather than causes, having their origins in systemic factors.
Balloon angioplasty: A promising adjunct to arteriovenous fistula creation compared with hydrostatic dilatation in small-caliber cephalic veins
Authors: Tiwari Santosh K , Basavanthappa Rajendra P , Anandasu Ranjith K , Desai Sanjay C , Ramswamy Chandrasekhar A , Luthra Luv , Jayaprakash Vivek V , Gangadharan Ashwini N , Maradupandian Adarsh K 
Published: September 2021

Background To maintain the patency and longevity of arteriovenous fistula, the availability of a venous segment with adequate diameter is important. In Indian population, many chronic kidney disease patients have poor caliber veins. The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of hydrostatic dilatation versus Primary balloon angioplasty of small caliber cephalic veins of (≤2.5 mm) preoperatively in terms of patency rate and maturation time of arteriovenous fistula. Methods Patients ( n = 80) with an end-stage renal disease requiring arteriovenous access surgery for hemodialysis with small caliber cephalic veins were randomized into two groups, i.e., hydrostatic dilatation and primary balloon angioplasty, each with 40 patients. All patients underwent a thorough clinical examination as well as duplex ultrasound vein mapping of both upper extremities. Patients were followed up for six months and primary patency, maturation time, and complications were noted. Results Immediate technical success with good palpable thrill was achieved in 97.5% of patients in the primary balloon angioplasty group and 87.5% in the hydrostatic dilatation group. The fistula maturation time in the primary balloon angioplasty group was 34.41 days and 46.18 days in the hydrostatic dilatation group. In the primary balloon angioplasty group, the primary patency of the fistula was 97.5% and 87.5% in the hydrostatic dilatation group, at six months. The arteriovenous fistula functioning rate was 77.5% in the hydrostatic dilatation group as compared to 92.5% in the primary balloon angioplasty group at six months. The incidence of surgical site infection was 5% in the primary balloon angioplasty group as compared to 10% in the hydrostatic dilatation group. Conclusion Primary balloon angioplasty of small caliber cephalic veins (≤2.5 mm) performed prior to arteriovenous fistula creation for hemodialysis is a beneficial procedure.
Clinical Outcomes of Meniscal Allograft Transplantation With Respect to the Minimal Clinically Important Difference
Authors: Su Lisa , Garcia-Mansilla Ignacio , Kelley Benjamin , Arshi Armin , Fabricant Peter D. , Sherman Seth L. , Jones Kristofer J. 
Published: September 2021

Background: Arthroscopic-assisted meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) has become a viable and effective treatment option for young active patients with postmeniscectomy pain. The minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) is imperative to evaluate the clinical significance of surgical interventions and inform clinical practice guidelines in orthopaedic surgery. Purpose: To perform a systematic review of clinical outcome studies of patients undergoing MAT and compare postoperative improvement with established MCID thresholds. Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A systematic review was performed using the PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. A meta-analysis was performed using data obtained from studies reporting patient-reported outcomes. Subgroup analysis was performed on patients undergoing isolated lateral MAT using fresh-frozen grafts. Weighted mean postoperative improvements in the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), Lysholm, and visual analog scale for pain (VAS pain) were calculated and compared with MCID values to determine if they met the MCID threshold. Results: A total of 35 studies were identified, including 1658 unique patients. Weighted mean postoperative score improvements exceeded MCID thresholds for the VAS pain, IKDC, and Lysholm. Subgroup analysis of patients undergoing isolated lateral fresh-frozen MAT demonstrated postoperative improvements exceeding the MCID for the Lysholm and VAS pain. Conclusion: Evaluating postoperative PROMs with respect to the MCID is crucial to evaluate the effect of MAT on functional improvement. The results of the present meta-analysis suggest that postoperative improvements after MAT are clinically meaningful as reflected by PROMs exceeding the MCID threshold for the IKDC, Lysholm, and VAS pain.
Statins, Enzyme CoQ10 Supplement Use, and Cognitive Functioning
Authors: Collin Brian G. , Raju Dheeraj , Katsikas Steven 
Published: September 2021

Objective: The current study assessed the effects of statin and CoQ10 supplement use on changes in cognitive functioning in the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer’s Prevention study. Methods: 1,573 subjects were administered medical histories, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), Wechsler Memory Scale, Logical Memory subtest, and the Trail Making Test, Parts A (TMT-A) and B (TMT-B) 3-4 times over 5-10 years. Results: Linear mixed models did not yield significant effects for statin or CoQ10 supplement use on changes in mental status, learning and memory, psychomotor speed, and cognitive flexibility. Conclusions: Statin and/or CoQ10 supplement use was not associated with neuropsychological test performance in the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer’s Prevention study.
Plasma interleukin-22 level, variants in interleukin-22 gene polymorphism, and the severity of systemic lupus erythematosus among Egyptian pediatric and adolescents
Authors: Attia Zeinab R , Zedan Mohamed M , Mutawi Thuraya M , Saad Entsar A , El Basuni Mohamed A 
Published: September 2021

Objectives Our purpose was to investigate, for the first time, genotypes and alleles distribution of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of interleukin 22 (IL-22) (rs1012356 and rs2227485) in Egyptian pediatric and adolescents with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to evaluate the plasma IL-22 levels and their association with gene polymorphism and SLE risk and severity. Methods The TaqMan™ SNP genotyping assay on a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system was employed to evaluate the polymorphism’s genotypes. Plasma IL-22 levels were determined by using an enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA). Results The frequencies and genotypes of rs2227485 and rs1012356 in IL-22 between SLE patients and controls also haplotypes formed by the same SNPs revealed no statistically significant difference ( p > 0.05). Otherwise, logistic regression analysis revealed that patients carrying rs1012356 “TA + AA” genotype had increased risk for prediction of SLE activity (OR = 1.610, 95% CI = 1.339–2.760, p = 0.034) by lowering plasma IL-22 level. Conclusions Among Egyptian pediatric and adolescents, we confirm a combined model “TA + AA” in rs1012356 (A/T) of IL-22 in regression analysis, as an independent predictor for SLE activity by lowering IL-22 plasma levels. Despite neither SNP rs2227485 A/G in IL-22 gene nor haplotypes formed by the same two SNPs (rs2227485 A/G and rs1012356 A/T) were significantly associated with the clinical and/or laboratory manifestations of SLE.
Effect of a synthetic feline facial pheromone product on stress during transport in domestic cats: a randomised controlled pilot study
Authors: Shu Hang , Gu Xianhong 
Published: September 2021

Objectives Transport can be a stressful experience for domestic cats. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a new synthetic feline facial pheromone product on relieving stress in domestic cats during short-distance transport. Methods A randomised, blinded, placebo-controlled pilot study was conducted. Prior to baseline screening, cat owners were trained via online meetings in the assessment of stress-related behaviours and overall stress visual analogue scoring. All assessments were completed 30 mins after the start of transport. A total of 150 domestic cats exhibiting stress-related behaviours during baseline screening were recruited and randomly assigned to either the treatment group (n = 75) or the placebo group (n = 75). For the placebo-controlled intervention, the product and placebo, which were identical in appearance, were provided to the treatment and placebo groups, respectively. Fifteen minutes after spraying the carriers with the product or placebo, cat owners were required to take their cat out and complete the same assessments (baseline screening). Results After the intervention, the performance of the stress-related behaviours curling, lack of motion and meowing during transport outside the home was significantly reduced in the treatment group compared with the placebo group ( P <0.05). When the baseline stress visual analogue scale (VAS) score was >2.94 cm, cats in the treatment group had significantly lower post-intervention stress VAS scores compared with those in the placebo group ( P <0.05). Conclusions and relevance A synthetic feline facial pheromone product can alleviate short-distance transport-related stress in domestic cats with higher stress scores. This finding will benefit domestic cats during transport outside of the home.
Perception of stress in cats by German cat owners and influencing factors regarding veterinary care
Authors: Karn-Buehler Jessica , Kuhne Franziska 
Published: September 2021

Objectives Visiting the veterinarian is generally perceived as a stressful situation for cats. Previous studies have shown that the perception of stress may influence cats’ healthcare. In order to minimise stress in cats during the veterinary consultation, feline-friendly handling has gained importance and is increasingly being used. The aim of this study was to find out whether cats experience stress during a visit to the veterinarian (and, if so, to what extent), and which factors influence the perception of stress and whether feline-friendly handling techniques have an impact. Methods An online survey was conducted among German cat owners. In total, 889 questionnaires were evaluated. The results were analysed with binary logistic regression and a χ² test. A principal component analysis was used to detect the main influencing factors on the perception of stress. Results Most of the cats (88.7%, n = 732/825) were perceived as stressed during a veterinary consultation, while only about half of the owners (50.8%, n = 419/824) stated that they felt stressed themselves. The cat owners (n = 819) who perceived visiting the veterinarian as a stressful situation also described their cat as stressed significantly more often compared with owners who did not feel stressed (χ² = 101.113, P <0.001). The probability that owners experienced stress themselves was significantly increased if they perceived their cat to be stressed too (odds ratio 0.073, 95% confidence interval 0.016–0.328). One factor that influenced whether an owner was stressed was the stress behaviour of their cat (P <0.001). Furthermore a feline-friendly demeanour by the veterinarian led to less stress in the owners (P <0.001). Conclusions and relevance The owner’s stress influences the perception of their cat’s stress. By adhering to feline-friendly handling guidelines, veterinarians can reduce owner stress associated with veterinary visits, thereby promoting optimal veterinary care and health for their feline patients.
Optical coherence tomography angiography in healthy children: A comparison of macular structure
Authors: Plaitano Carmen , Periti Francesca , Guagliano Rosanna , Bertone Chiara , Barillà Donatella , Arpa Cristina , Tinelli Carmine , Gallo Flavio Gioele , Bianchi Alessandro , Magli Adriano 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the perfusion density (PD) of macular superficial (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP), the size of foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and central macular thickness (CMT) in healthy children using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). Patients and methods: About 206 eyes of 111 children were analyzed. The correlation of gestational age (GA), birth weight (BW), age, sex, refractive errors, and visual acuity (VA) with OCT-A parameters were investigated. Results: The mean PD of the fovea and the mean FAZ area of SCP were 17.1% (DS: 4.26) and 234.47 (DS: 106.39) µm2. The mean PD of the fovea and the mean FAZ area of DCP were 13.5% (DS: 5.23) and 298.32 (DS: 112.37) µm2. Superficial and deep FAZ areas were not correlated with sex, age, BW, refractive errors, or VA. FAZ area of SCP was correlated with foveal PD ( r = −0.76) and with CMT ( r = −0.68). FAZ area of DCP was correlated with foveal’s PD ( r = −0.61). There was no correlation between CMT and refractive errors. Conclusion: OCT-A may provide a non-invasive and reliable approach to evaluate macular perfusion in children. As the FAZ area, PD, and CMT change during the growth period, we performed established a reference range for different ages.
Total hip arthroplasty with ultra-short uncemented stem in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head: mid-term results
Authors: Necas Libor , Hrubina Maros , Melisik Marian , Cabala Juraj , Cibula Zoltan , Daniel Matej 
Published: September 2021

Background: Mid-term results (clinical and radiographic) of ultra-short anatomical cementless stem total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) has not often been presented. The aim of this study is to evaluate THA using the Proxima stem in patients with ONFH in the mid-term. Methods: The study consists of 73 patients (97 THAs) with a Proxima stem implanted between 2006 and 2015. The mean age of patients was 47.4 years, with a mean follow-up 105.2 months. The clinical results include preoperative and postoperative Harris Hip Scores (HHSs). Radiological follow-up reports on stem migration, bony trabecular development and radiolucent lines. The complications and revisions were registered. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to determine the implant survival. Results: The average HHS improved significantly from 40.3 preoperatively to 98.0 at the final evaluation ( p  ˂ 0.0001). Stem migration (subsidence and “varisation”) was observed in 11 hips (in 9 of them up to 6th postoperative month without any further progression, in 2 with progressive migration and radiological loosening). Bony trabecular development was detected in modified Gruen zones (1,2,4,6,7 for Proxima stem): in zone 1 (0%), 2 (67.0%), 4 (64.9%), 6 (64.9%), 7 (0%). Radiolucent lines were observed in 1 cup and 6 stems (2 were loose, 4 with fibrous stable fixation). Complications were found in 5 hips (5.1%): squeezing hip once, repeated dislocation in 1, 1 early deep infection, and 2 loose stems. 2 hips (2.1%) were revised (dislocation, infection). The implant survival was 98.9% and 97.9% clinically and radiologically, respectively. Conclusions: Observations in the mid-term show that the clinical and radiological results of the Proxima stem in patients with ONFH are promising. The stem design preserves the proximal femoral bone stock. The bony trabecular appearance confirms physiological proximal femoral load transmission.