bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma Heat Shock Protein 70 Is Associated With the Onset of Acute Myocardial Infarction and Total Occlusion in Target Vessels
Authors: Wu Runda , Gao Wei , Dong Zheng , Su Ya , Ji Yuyao , Liao Jianquan , Ma Yuanji , Dai Yuxiang , Yao Kang , Ge Junbo 
Published: September 2021

Background: Whether the role of plasma heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is protective or detrimental remains debated, and the relationship between HSP70 and total occlusion remains elusive.Methods: A total of 112 patients with primary diagnosis of AMI and 52 patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) were enrolled into the study. Plasma HSP70 level was determined by ELISA on day 1 and day 7 after the onset of AMI and was examined before angiography in patients with CCS. Peak NT-proBNP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), troponin T (cTnT), and left ventricular ejection fraction were measured.Results: Plasma HSP70 was significantly higher in CCS than AMI (P &lt; 0.0001), and it showed a significant decrease from day 1 to day 7 after AMI (P &lt; 0.01). Elevated HSP70 was associated with decreased levels of LDL-C (P &lt; 0.05), peak cTnT (R = −0.3578, P &lt; 0.0001), peak NT-proBNP (R = −0.3583, P &lt; 0.0001), and peak CRP (R = −0.3539, P &lt; 0.0001) and a lower diagnosis of AMI (R = −0.4016, P &lt; 0.0001) and STEMI (R = −0.3675, P &lt; 0.0001), but a higher diagnosis of total occlusion in target vessels (R = 0.1702, P &lt; 0.05). HSP70 may provide certain predictive value for the diagnosis of AMI, STEMI, and total occlusion in target vessels, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves were 0.7660, 0.7152, and 0.5984, respectively. HSP70 was also negatively associated with in-hospital stay (P &lt; 0.001) and positively correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) at 1-year follow-up (P &lt; 0.05), despite no association with in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).Conclusion: Plasma HSP70 level was found to decrease from day 1 to day 7 post-AMI, but the overall level of patients with AMI was lower than that of patients with CCS. However, the ability of HSP70 to identify clinically significant AMI and STEMI was moderate, and the predictive value to total occlusion was slight.
Oral Supplementation With Butyrate Improves Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via a Gut-Brain Neural Circuit
Authors: Yu Zhiyao , Han Jiapeng , Chen Huaqiang , Wang Yueyi , Zhou Liping , Wang Meng , Zhang Rong , Jin Xiaoxing , Zhang Guocheng , Wang Changyi , Xu Tianyou , Xie Mengjie , Wang Xiaofei , Zhou Xiaoya , Jiang Hong 
Published: September 2021

Objective: Butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) produced by the intestinal microbiota, plays a protective role in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), but the mechanisms involved in this process remain unelucidated. We aimed to explore the effect of butyrate on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury through the gut-brain neural circuit.Methods: Rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham group (sham), I/R group (I/R), I/R+ butyrate group (butyrate), and I/R+ butyrate+ vagotomy group (vagotomy). The rats were treated with sodium butyrate for 4 weeks, and the gut-brain neural circuit was investigated by subdiaphragmatic vagotomy.Results: Butyrate treatment significantly reduced the infarct size and decreased the expression of creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase myocardial isoenzyme (CK-MB), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) compared with the values found for the I/R group. In addition, the I/R-induced increases in inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis were attenuated by butyrate. However, the above-mentioned protective effects were diminished by subdiaphragmatic vagotomy. The RNA sequencing results also revealed that the butyrate-induced protective changes at the cardiac transcription level were reversed by vagotomy. An analysis of the heart rate variability (HRV) and the detection of norepinephrine (NE) showed that butyrate significantly inhibited the I/R-induced autonomic imbalance, but this inhibition was not observed in the vagotomy group. Butyrate treatment also suppressed the neural activity of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and superior cervical ganglion (SCG), and both of these effects were lost after vagotomy.Conclusions: Butyrate treatment significantly improves myocardial I/R injury via a gut-brain neural circuit, and this cardioprotective effect is likely mediated by suppression of the sympathetic nervous system.
Prediction of Recurrent Atrial Tachyarrhythmia After Receiving Atrial Flutter Ablation in Patients With Prior Cardiac Surgery for Valvular Heart Disease
Authors: Chou Ching-Yao , Chung Fa-Po , Chang Hung-Yu , Lin Yenn-Jiang , Lo Li-Wei , Hu Yu-Feng , Chao Tze-Fan , Liao Jo-Nan , Tuan Ta-Chuan , Lin Chin-Yu , Chang Ting-Yung , Liu Chih-Min , Wu Cheng-I , Huang Sung-Hao , Chen Chun-Chao , Cheng Wen-Han , Liu Shin-Huei , Lugtu Isaiah Carlos , Jain Ankit , Feng An-Ning , Chang Shih-Lin , Chen Shih-Ann 
Published: September 2021

Background: Surgical scars cause an intra-atrial conduction delay and anatomical obstacles that facilitate the perpetuation of atrial flutter (AFL). This study aimed to investigate the outcome and predictor of recurrent atrial tachyarrhythmia after catheter ablation in patients with prior cardiac surgery for valvular heart disease (VHD) who presented with AFL.Methods: Seventy-two patients with prior cardiac surgery for VHD who underwent AFL ablation were included. The patients were categorized into a typical AFL group (n = 45) and an atypical AFL group (n = 27). The endpoint was the recurrence of atrial tachyarrhythmia during follow-up. A multivariate analysis was performed to determine the predictor of recurrence.Results: No significant difference was found in the recurrence rate of atrial tachyarrhythmia between the two groups. Patients with concomitant atrial fibrillation (AF) had a higher recurrence of typical AFL compared with those without AF (13 vs. 0%, P = 0.012). In subgroup analysis, typical AFL patients with concomitant AF had a higher incidence of recurrent atrial tachyarrhythmia than those without it (53 vs. 14%, P = 0.006). Regarding patients without AF, the typical AFL group had a lower recurrence rate of atrial tachyarrhythmia than the atypical AFL group (14 vs. 40%, P = 0.043). Multivariate analysis showed that chronic kidney disease (CKD) and left atrial diameter (LAD) were independent predictors of recurrence.Conclusions: In our study cohort, concomitant AF was associated with recurrence of atrial tachyarrhythmia. CKD and LAD independently predicted recurrence after AFL ablation in patients who have undergone cardiac surgery for VHD.
Preliminary Results of an Earthquake Early Warning System in Costa Rica
Authors: Porras Juan , Massin Frédérick , Arroyo-Solórzano Mario , Arroyo Ivonne , Linkimer Lepolt , Böse Maren , Clinton John 
Published: September 2021

We analyze the performance of a prototype earthquake early warning system deployed at the National Seismological Network of Costa Rica in collaboration with the Swiss Seismological Service by presenting the real-time performance during six earthquakes (Mw 5.1-6.4) that took place during 2018 and 2019. We observe that, despite only limited efforts to optimize the existing network of 158 stations, for EEW purposes, the network density allows fast determination of source parameters using both the Virtual Seismologist and the Finite Fault Rupture Detector algorithms. Shallow earthquakes on or near-shore are routinely identified within 11–20 s of their occurrence. The warning times for the capital city of San Jose are of 43 s for epicenters located at 220 km, like for the Mw 6.4 Armuelles earthquake. On the other hand, during the time analyzed, the EEW system did not provide positive warning times for earthquakes at distances less than 40 km from San Jose. Even though large (Mw &gt; 7) distant historical earthquakes have not caused heavy damage in San Jose, there is potential for developing an EEW system for Costa Rica, especially for the purposes of rapid earthquake notifications, disaster response management, and seismic risk mitigation.
Activation of the Adipose Tissue NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway in Cancer Cachexia
Authors: Jesus Joyce de Cassia Rosa de , Murari Ariene Soares de Pinho , Radloff Katrin , Moraes Ruan Carlos Macêdo de , Figuerêdo Raquel Galvão , Pessoa Ana Flavia Marçal , Rosa-Neto José César , Matos-Neto Emídio Marques , Alcântara Paulo S. M. , Tokeshi Flavio , Maximiano Linda Ferreira , Bin Fang Chia , Formiga Fernanda Bellotti , Otoch José P. , Seelaender Marilia 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundCachexia is a paraneoplastic syndrome that accompanies and compromises cancer treatment, especially in advanced stages, affecting the metabolism and function of several organs. The adipose tissue is the first to respond to the presence of the tumor, contributing to the secretion of factors which drive the systemic inflammation, a hallmark of the syndrome. While inflammation is a defensive innate response, the control mechanisms have been reported to be disrupted in cachexia. On the other hand, little is known about the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in this scenario, a multiprotein complex involved in caspase-1 activation and the processing of the cytokines IL-1β and IL-18.Aimbased on the evidence from our previous study with a rodent model of cachexia, we examined the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in two adipose tissue depots obtained from patients with colorectal cancer and compared with that another inflammatory pathway, NF-κB.ResultsFor CC we found opposite modulation in ScAT and PtAT for the gene expression of TLR4, Caspase-1 (cachectic group) and for NF-κB p50, NF-κB p65, IL-1β. CD36, expression was decreased in both depots while that of NLRP3 and IL-18 was higher in both tissues, as compared with controls and weight stable patients (WSC). Caspase-1 basal protein levels in the ScAT culture supernatant were higher in WSC and (weight stable patients) CC, when compared to controls. Basal ScAT explant culture medium IL-1β and IL-18 protein content in ScAT supernatant was decreased in the WSC and CC as compared to CTL explants.ConclusionsThe results demonstrate heterogeneous responses in the activation of genes of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in the adipose tissue of patients with cancer cachexia, rendering this pathway a potential target for therapy aiming at decreasing chronic inflammation in cancer.
Zinc Deficiency, Plasma Fatty Acid Profile and Desaturase Activities in Hemodialysis Patients: Is Supplementation Necessary?
Authors: Takic Marija , Zekovic Milica , Terzic Brankica , Stojsavljevic Aleksandar , Mijuskovic Mirjana , Radjen Slavica , Ristic-Medic Danijela 
Published: September 2021

Background: Desaturation and elongation are critical processes in endogenous metabolic fatty acid pathways. Zinc (Zn) is a cofactor for desaturases and elongases enzymes. There is limited evidence regarding the relationships between biomarkers of Zn status, nutritional intake, plasma phospholipid fatty acid profile and clinical outcomes among patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD).Objective: To examine the relationships between dietary and serum levels of Zn and Cu/Zn ratio and to explore associations of these micronutrients with PUFA profile and estimated desaturase and elongase enzyme activities in serum phospholipids among HD patients.Methods: This study included 40 adult patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment. Repeated 24-h recalls were applied for dietary intake assessment. Serum concentration of Zn and Cu were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and fatty acid composition by gas-liquid chromatography. Desaturase and elongase activities were calculated from product-precursor fatty acid ratios.Results: Inadequate dietary Zn intake was found in 55% of HD patients. They all had serum Zn concentration below the reference value of 60 μg/dL (mean 38.8 ± 7.72 μg/dL). Adequate zinc intake was accompanied with significantly higher intake of energy, total fats, SFA, MUFA and proteins. There was no correlation between Zn serum status and Zn intake estimates. Serum Cu/Zn ratio was high, (2.76 ± 0.68), directly and significantly associated with HD period, CRP, BMI, VFA, and inversely with Kt/V, albumin, iron, and iPTH. The n-6/n-3 ratio in plasma phospholipids was elevated (12.25 ± 3.45) and patients with inadequate Zn intake had lower n-3 PUFA intake and status compared to those with adequate intake. Serum Zn concentrations were inversely correlated with linoleic/dihomo-γ-linolenic acid ratio (LA/DGLA) (p = 0.037), related to D6-desaturase activity (p = 0.033) and directly with DGLA relative abundances (p = 0.024). Cu status was inversely associated with EPA level (p = 0.03) and estimates of elongase activity (p = 0.001). Furthermore, positive relationship was found between the Cu/Zn ratio and determined elongase value (p = 0.01).Conclusion: Findings of this study underpin the high prevalence of Zn deficiency and inadequate n-3 PUFA intake and status among subjects undergoing HD. The results obtained indicate that the assessment of Zn status should be a standard parameter of nutritional status screening in HD patients while emphasizing the importance of Cu/Zn determination. Although further research is warranted, Zn and-n-3 PUFA supplementation in HD patients might be beneficial for the prevention and attenuation of adverse health outcomes
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor–Associated Tumor Lysis Syndrome: A Real-World Pharmacovigilance Study
Authors: Wang Li , Li Xiaolin , Zhao Bin , Mei Dan , Jiang Jiandong , Duan Jingli 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have substantially improved the clinical outcomes of various malignancies. However, the adverse event of tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) has not been included in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines or drug inserts. In this study, we aimed to establish the relationship between ICI therapies and TLS events using data from a real-world pharmacovigilance database.Methods: The MedDRA terms of TLS and both generic and brand names of ICIs were retrieved from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System. Four frequentist algorithms were employed to confirm the association between the TLS and the ICI regimens, involving anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (anti-CTLA-4), anti–programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), and anti-(CTLA-4 + PD-1). A descriptive and statistical analysis was performed according to the case information.Results: One hundred sixty-four TLS cases, where patients underwent anti-CTLA-4 (n = 14), anti-(PD-1)/(PD-L1) (n = 113), or anti-(CTLA-4 + PD-1) (n = 37) therapies, were collected between the first quarter of 2004 and the fourth quarter of 2020. The most coverage-reporting year, age-group, sex, reporter, region, country, and indication were 2020 (n = 62), 60–74 years (n = 65), males (n = 105), physician (n = 66), Asia (n = 80), Japan (n = 67), and lung and thymus malignancies (n = 40), respectively. The median TLS onset time associated with anti-CTLA-4, anti-(PD-1)/(PD-L1), and anti-(CTLA-4 + PD-1) therapies was 6 (IQR: 2–39.5), 9 (IQR: 2–40), and 20 (IQR: 7.5–37.75) days, respectively. Mortality distribution of 71 reported death outcomes among three groups was statistically significant. All four algorithm signal values of anti-(CTLA-4 + PD-1) were higher than those of anti-CTLA-4 and anti-(PD-1)/(PD-L1).Conclusion: Elderly male patients with lung and thymus malignancies are frequently predisposed to TLS. ICI therapies could induce TLS in both solid and hematological malignancies. The rapid onset time and poor outcomes of patients prompt caution from health-care professionals.
Enhanced Raman Spectra in Femtosecond Laser Inscribed Yb:YVO4 Channel Waveguides
Authors: Bao Yi-Fei , Liu Tao , Kong Wei-Jin , Luo Hao-Qi , Liu Yong , Liu Fei-Ran , Cheng Lin 
Published: September 2021

The femtosecond laser writing with double-line technique was employed to fabricate buried channel waveguides with different widths in Yb:YVO4 crystal. Model profiles of the waveguides were captured using the endface coupling setup at the wavelength of 633 nm under TE and TM polarization. Furthermore, the confocal micro-Raman spectra in bulk and waveguide areas were studied at the wavelength of 633 nm. The enhanced Raman intensity were performed in waveguide areas.
An Exploration of the Application of Step Counter-Based Physical Activity Promotion Programs in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Han Xiaoyu , Li Peijun , Yang Yahui , Liu Xiaodan , Xia Jun , Wu Weibing 
Published: September 2021

Objective: This paper aimed to systematically review the application methods and components of step counter-based physical activity (PA) promotion programs in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The effects of longer-duration (≥12 weeks) programs on PA, exercise capacity, quality of life, and dyspnea were discussed.Methods: This review was performed in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis. Online data resources PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and EBSCO were searched. The publication year was limited between January 2000 to August 2020. All randomized controlled trials with ≥12-week duration of step counter-based PA promotion programs of COPD were included. Two researchers independently assessed the quality of the included studies and extracted their characteristics.Results: Nine studies involving 1,450 participants were included. Step counters, counseling, exercise goals, diaries, and tele-communicational approaches were common components of these programs. The PA feedback tools were mostly pedometers (n = 8), whereas accelerometers were often used as assessment tools of PA (n = 5). All studies implemented counseling: five applied behavioral change theories, and three reported motivational interview techniques simultaneously. Six studies reported detailed exercise goals. The usual exercise goal was to reach a total of 8,000–10,000 steps/day. Three research studies used diaries, and five applied tele-communication approaches to deliver interventions. The programs could be implemented alone (n = 4), in combination with exercise training (n = 2), or with pulmonary rehabilitation (n = 2). All studies showed a significant increase in the PA (≥793 steps/day). Three studies observed a significant improvement in exercise capacity (≥13.4 m), and two reported a significant increase in the quality of life (p &lt; 0.05). No study showed significant between-group differences in dyspnea.Conclusion: There are a few studies assessing the impact of long-duration (≥12 weeks) step counter-based interventions in COPD, with different methodologies, although all studies included counseling and exercise goal setting. These interventions seem to have a positive effect on PA. A few studies also showed benefit on exercise capacity and quality of life.
Ações de educação em saúde às pessoas com hipertensão arterial: espaço para processo terapêutico, troca de conhecimentos e experiências
Authors: Paraizo-Horvath Camila Maria Silva , Negrão Maria de Lourdes Barbosa , Rodrigues Patrícia Araújo , Dázio Eliza Maria Rezende , Resck Zélia Marilda Rodrigues , Fava Silvana Maria Coelho Leite 
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: Analisar as ações de educação em saúde desenvolvidas às pessoas com hipertensão arterial sistêmica. Metodologia: Realizado a partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica no Portal Capes utilizando os descritores: educação em saúde, hipertensão e saúde da família, com marco temporal estudos dos últimos cinco anos. Resultados: A reflexão foi dividida em dois eixos teóricos de discussão: Orientações coletivas: espaço para troca de conhecimentos e experiências e Orientações individualizadas: espaço para processo terapêutico com o envolvimento dos familiares. Conclusões: As atividades desenvolvidas em grupos permitiram trocas de experiências entre os participantes e também a formação de vínculos no convívio com outras pessoas que enfrentaram os mesmos problemas de saúde. Já a atenção individualizada mostrou-se importante para conhecer o contexto sociocultural onde a pessoa está inserida, apontando os diversos fatores e potenciais que possam ser determinantes para desenvolver o empoderamento.
Práticas Tradicionais de Saúde em Comunidades Rurais: desafio para a Atenção Primária em Saúde
Authors: Oliveira Marcus Vilhena Silva , Nogueira Laura Maria Vidal , Rodrigues Ivaneide Leal Ataide , Paiva Barbara Lopes , Caldas Samantha Pereira 
Published: September 2021

Este estudo tem como objeto o conhecimento dos profissionais das Equipes de Estratégia Saúde da Família e Programa Agentes Comunitários de Saúde a respeito das práticas tradicionais de saúde utilizadas pelas comunidades assistidas. Estudo de natureza descritiva, desenvolvido com uma abordagem quantitativa, realizado no perímetro rural do município de Benevides. Foram inseridas na pesquisa 83 profissionais, sendo 72 da Estratégia Saúde da Família e 11 do Programa Agentes Comunitários de Saúde. Foi utilizado para coleta de dados um instrumento correspondente a uma escala de Likert adaptado para esta pesquisa. Muitos desafios se apresentam aos profissionais da Atenção Primária em Saúde para alcançar qualidade nos atendimentos, principalmente respeitando os aspectos culturais de cada comunidade. Faz-se necessária parceria de todos os setores envolvidos no processo saúde-doença, um desafio não somente para a equipe de saúde local, mas para os gestores e formuladores das políticas públicas de saúde.
Caracterização do acesso a medicamentos em um município de médio porte no leste do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil
Authors: Gaede Rodolfo Preisigke Seidler , Mendonça Simone de Araújo Medina , Maduro Lauro Cesar  da Silva , Reis Tiago Marques dos 
Published: September 2021

Apesar das dificuldades políticas e estruturais das décadas de 1980 e 1990, avanços significativos como a criação e a implementação do Sistema Único de Saúde e a publicação da Política Nacional de Medicamentos favoreceram o acesso a medicamentos no Brasil. Buscando compreender melhor este fenômeno, o presente estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar o acesso a medicamentos em um município de médio porte do leste do Estado de Minas Gerais. Trata-se de um estudo transversal desenvolvido sob o modelo da Pesquisa Nacional sobre Acesso, Utilização e Promoção do Uso Racional de Medicamentos no Brasil - Componente Avaliação do Serviço de Assistência Farmacêutica Básica. Foram entrevistados os usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde, os responsáveis pela dispensação de medicamentos nas unidades públicas de saúde na Atenção Primária, médicos da rede pública, o responsável pela assistência farmacêutica do município e o representante do secretário municipal de saúde. Os resultados evidenciaram que houve períodos de desabastecimento de medicamentos e insumos nos últimos 12 meses, provavelmente relacionados a: ausência de uma Relação Municipal de Medicamentos Essenciais e Comissão de Farmácia Terapêutica, prescrição de medicamentos pelos nomes comerciais, redirecionamento dos recursos do Componente Básico da Assistência Farmacêutica, ausência de auxiliares para os responsáveis pela dispensação de medicamentos e aos dispendiosos recursos empregados na aquisição de medicamentos para atender demandas judiciais. Ações em gestão direcionadas para a correção das falhas apontadas devem ser realizadas para otimizar o empenho de recursos do município, e, consequentemente, melhorar o acesso a medicamentos na atenção básica.