bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uso del suelo según índice de vegetación diferenciada normalizada, mediante imágenes satelitales, tambillo-Ayacucho, 2000-2014, Perú
Authors: Rodríguez Jorge Luis Lozano , Rodríguez Marisol Lozano , Quispe Alessandri Canchoa , Tarmeño Eusebio Idelmo Cisneros , Tovar Franklin Delio Unsihuay , Soto Héctor Ladislao Huisacaina , Cruz Oscar Enrique Tang , Rojas Juan Manuel Pesantes , Casas Martín Benedicto Sandoval , Guardia Pablo Wenceslao Velásquez , Gutiérrez Hernán Oscar Cortez , Gutiérrez Milton Milcíades Cortez 
Published: August 2021

El objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación fue evaluar el impacto de uso de suelos a partir de imágenes satelitales proporcionados por el sensor MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer), a bordo del satélite Terra para describir y estimar según el Índice de Vegetación de Diferencia Normalizada (NDVI), el comportamiento de la cobertura vegetal. El NDVI, es un parámetro físico muy importante para estudios de cobertura vegetal. En este sentido, se ha logrado obtener 341 imágenes satelitales MODIS Terra (MOD13Q1) de la página web de la NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) del periodo 2000-2014 con coordenadas geográficas de 13º11’28’’ latitud sur y 74º06’30’’ longitud oeste del distrito de Tambillo, con las cuales se hizo un análisis multitemporal del promedio del NDVI de seis escenas durante las estaciones del año, mediante el uso del software ENVI, IDL, ArcGIS y métodos estadísticos, que permitió describir el comportamiento del área de vegetación por tipo de suelo en las estaciones de verano, otoño, invierno y primavera. Los resultados obtenidos según la variación del área de vegetación: suelo agrícola (NDVI de 0,320 a 0,379), bosques de hoja ancha y perenne (NDVI de 0,380 a 0,439) y prado andino con bosque de hoja perenne (NDVI de 0,440 a 0,500), tienen una línea de tendencia positiva, validadas y estimadas con datos de precipitación y temperatura del aire registrados por la estación meteorológica de Tambillo-Ayacucho.
Estos servirán como información para mejorar el proceso y clasificación del uso de suelos y elaborar mapas temáticos que contribuyan a la mejor toma de decisiones, según los calendarios agrícolas y forestales.
THE EFFECT OF OBESITY EDUCATION ON THE KNOWLEDGE LEVELS OF WOMEN APPLYING TO A PRIMARY HEALTH CARE CENTER
Authors: TÜRKER DEMİRKAN Leyla , YALÇINÖZ BAYSAL Hasret , ÖZKAN Recep 
Published: August 2021

Aim: This study was conducted to measure the effect of education given to women on obesity on their level of knowledge.
Method: This research was performed as a single group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design between June 2019 and January 2020. Women (n=200) between the ages 20-64 affiliated to a District Health Directorate in Turkey were selected from registered family health centers. Women’s received an average of 60 minutes of obesity training for one session in total. Number, percentage and McNemar tests were used for the data calculation.
Results: It was determined that there is a significant increase between the knowledge levels of women before and after the education (p
Sikap Pemimpin Gereja Menghadapi Hambatan Pemberitaan Injil di Kabupaten Klungkung, Bali: Studi Deskriptif Kisah Para Rasul Pasal 1-8
Authors: Kurniawan Wahju , Oko Oral 
Published: August 2021

This study aims to describe the obstacles in preaching the gospel and the attitudes of church leaders in Klungkung district-Bali in dealing with these obstacles. To achieve the objectives of the study, this research was conducted qualitatively, which intends to understand the phenomenon with respect to what is experienced by the research subject. Therefore, the method used is to search for relevant literature sources (library research) and interviews with research subjects. The data obtained is then collected for processing and then described, analyzed and interpreted in such away. After the research procedure was carried out, it was found that there were obstacles, both internal and external, in preaching the gospel in Klungkung, Bali. For internal barriers, there are seven kinds of obstacles, while external barriers there are ten kinds of obstacles. Leaders of Protestant Churches in Klungkung Regency, Bali 100% understand the attitude of Church leaders in the book of Acts chapters 1-8 in dealing with internal and external obstacles. AbstrakPenelitian bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan hambatan-hambatan dalam pemberitaan Injil dan sikap para pemimpin gereja di kabupaten Klungkung, Bali dalam menghadapi hambatan tersebut. Untuk mencapai tujuan penelitian tersebut maka penelitian ini dilakukan secara kualitatif, yang bermaksud untuk memahami fenomena berkenaan dengan apa yang dialami oleh subjek penelitian. Oleh karena itu, metode yang dipakai adalah menelusuri sumber literatur yang relevan (penelitian pustaka) serta wawancara dengan subjek penelitian. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dikumpulkan untuk diolah dan kemudian dideskripsikan, dianalisis diinterpretasi sedemikian rupa. Setelah prosedur penelitian tersebut dilak-sanakan maka ditemukan bahwa terdapat hambatan-hambatan, baik internal dan eksternal dalam pemberitaan Injil di Kabupaten Klungkung, Bali. Untuk hambatan internal terdapat tujuh macam hambatan, sedangkan hambatan eksternal ada sepuluh macam hambatan. Pemimpin gereja Protestan se-Kabupaten Klungkung, Bali 100% memahami tentang sikap pemimpin gereja di kitab Kisah Para Rasul pasal 1-8 dalam menghadapi hambatan-hambatan internal dan eksternal.
LOS INFORMES DE EVALUACIÓN DE IMPACTO DE GÉNERO (IEIG) COMO GARANTÍA DEL GENDER MAINSTREAMING Y SU INCIDENCIA EN LA NORMATIVA Y JURISPRUDENCIA ESPAÑOLA
Authors: GIL RUIZ JUANA MARÍA 
Published: August 2021

Este trabajo parte de la obligada y necesaria incorporación de la
perspectiva de género como corriente principal (gender mainstreaming) en el ordenamiento
jurídico y político, como exigen los compromisos internacionales y europeos.
En este sentido, se repara en los Informes de Evaluación del Impacto de Género,
y en su incidencia en la normativa y jurisprudencia española, en tanto que se
consideran legalmente instrumentos básicos de la política de igualdad inter-géneros.
El análisis de la jurisprudencia contencioso-administrativa de los Tribunales pluripersonales
respecto a su fiscalización constata que su teórica efectividad es más
que decepcionante, y que se legitima, a través de un procedimiento vacuo de perspectiva
de género, la adopción de medidas legislativas, administrativas y/o políticas
que perpetuarán la discriminación aunque travestida, ahora, de transversalidad.
Lan honen nahitaezko eta behar-beharrezko abiapuntua da generoaren
ikuspegia ildo nagusitzat sartzea ordenamendu juridiko eta politikoan
(gender mainstreaming), nazioarteko konpromisoek eta europar konpromisoek
eskatzen duten moduan. Alde horretatik, genero-eraginaren ebaluazioari buruzko
txostenak hartzen dira aztergai, bai eta txosten horiek Espainiako araudian eta jurisprudentzian
izan duten eragina ere, generoen arteko berdintasunerako politiken
oinarrizko tresnatzat jotzen baitituzte legeek. Kide anitzeko auzitegiek administrazioarekiko
auzien arloan emandako jurisprudentzia analizatuz gero, egiaztatuko
dugu zein etsigarria den txosten horien eraginkortasun teorikoa, eta, gainera, nola
legitimatzen duten, genero ikuspegirik gabeko prozedura baten bitartez, diskriminazioa
iraunarazten duten neurriak ezartzea legegintzaren, administrazioaren eta/
edo politikaren arloetan, nahiz eta zeharkakotasunaren itxurapean izan.
This paper originates from the required and necessary
incorporation of the gender perspective into the judicial and political systems
(gender mainstreaming), as stated in international and European commitments. In
this sense, existing gender impact assessment reports are taken into consideration
as well as their implications on the Spanish legal system and jurisprudence, insofar
as they are legally regarded as basic instruments for the development of intergender
equality policies. An analysis of the administrative litigation jurisprudence
of the pluripersonal courts shows that its effectiveness in theory is more than
disappointing. Moreover, it legitimises, through a procedure empty of gender
perspective, the adoption of legislative, administrative and/or political measures
which perpetuate the discrimination, whilst disguised as being gender transversal.
LA COMPRA PÚBLICA INNOVADORA. LA ADMINISTRACIÓN PÚBLICA COMO ADQUIRENTE DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS INNOVADORES
Authors: ARNÁEZ ARCE VEGA MARÍA 
Published: August 2021

En este trabajo se estudia la compra pública innovadora como expresión
de la apuesta de las Administraciones públicas por la innovación, como
elemento clave para potenciar su competitividad, eficacia y eficiencia y para garantizar
la prestación de unos servicios públicos cada vez más sostenibles y de
calidad, que permitan una mayor implicación del sector público en la implementación
de las políticas de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación. Dicho análisis,
parte de la consideración de la compra pública innovadora como un nuevo instrumento
que viene a completar y a complementar a otras técnicas de impulso
y fomento de la innovación tales como el otorgamiento de subvenciones, el establecimiento
de incentivos fiscales, el acceso a nuevas fuentes de financiación
y el desarrollo de iniciativas tecnológicas conjuntas entre el sector público y el
privado.
Lan honetan erosketa publiko berritzailea aztertzen da, administrazio
publikoek berrikuntzaren alde egin duten apustuaren adierazpide gisa.
Berrikuntza, hain zuzen ere, giltzarria da administrazio publikoen lehiakortasuna,
eraginkortasuna eta efizientzia hobetzeko, gero eta zerbitzu publiko iraunkorragoak
eta kalitate hobekoak bermatzeko, eta, horrenbestez, sektore publikoak ikerketaren,
garapenaren eta berrikuntzaren arloko politikak garatzen konpromiso
handiagoa hartzeko aukera izan dezan. Berrikuntza bultzatzeko eta sustatzeko
beste neurri batzuk ¿hala nola dirulaguntzak ematea, pizgarri fiskalak ezartzea,
finantziazio-iturri berriak lortzea, eta sektore publikoaren eta pribatuaren artean
ekimen teknologikoak lantzea¿ osatzen dituen tresnatzat hartzen du azterlan honek
erosketa publiko berritzailea.
This work studies the innovative public purchase as an expression
of how public administrations pledge to innovation as a key element for
their competitiveness, efficacy and efficiency and for guaranteeing the provision
of more sustainable and of a greater quality public services, which allow a deeper
involvement by the public sector when implementing policies regarding the Research,
Development and Innovation. This analysis starts from considering the innovative
public purchase as a new tool that comes to complete and complement
to those techniques for boosting and promoting the innovation as granting public
subsidies, setting fiscal incentives, access to new sources of funding and the development
of joint technological initiatives between the public and private sector.
EL DERECHO A LA CONSULTA DE LOS PUEBLOS INDÍGENAS. NATURALEZA, ELEMENTOS Y PROCEDIMIENTOS PARA SU APLICACIÓN EN EL ESTADO
Authors: MARTÍNEZ DE BRINGAS ASIER 
Published: August 2021

El siguiente texto propone hacer un acercamiento a la naturaleza
normativa de la consulta, teniendo en cuenta las características con la que
la misma se expresa, tratando de delimitar su contenido, de dar expresión a algunos
de sus elementos problemáticos, conflictivos, cuyos límites y dimensiones
no han sido todavía expresados ni atendidos con suficiente rigor normativo.
También trataremos de desarrollar un procedimiento para la comprensión, sistematización
y aplicación de la Consulta en diferentes contextos; de dar medida de
cada uno de los elementos que la componen, llamando la atención sobre la complejidad
intrínseca que los mismos encierran debido al grado de abstracción con
el que han sido recogidos en algunos textos normativos, así como por la multiplicidad
y complejidad de los actores en conflicto que implican.
Testu honen asmoa kontsultaren arau-izaerara hurbilketa bat
egitea da, eta, horretarako, kontsultaren ezaugarriak hartzen ditu kontuan, kontsultaren
edukia zedarritzen saiatzen da, eta alderdi arazotsu eta gatazkatsuenak
azaltzen, kontsultaren mugak eta dimentsioak ez baitira oraindik arauetan behar
besteko zehaztasunez azaldu eta aztertu. Halaber, kontsulta testuinguru desberdinetan
ulertzeko, sistematizatzeko eta aplikatzeko prozedura bat lantzen eta
konsultaren elementu bakoitza azaltzen saiatuko gara. Elementu horien berezko
konplexutasuna nabarmenduko dugu, kontuan izanik arau-testu batzuetan duten
abstrakzio-maila eta gatazkan dauden aktoreen aniztasuna eta konplexutasuna.
The following text proposes to make an approach to the normative
nature of the consultation, taking into account the characteristics with which
it is expressed, trying to define its content, to give expression to some of the
problematic elements, conflicting, the boundaries and dimensions have not yet
been addressed with sufficiently rigor. Also try to develop a process for understanding,
systematization and application of the Consultation in different contexts
as to give each of the elements that compose it, drawing attention to the
inherent complexity that they contain because of the degree of abstraction which
have been collected in some legal texts well as the multiplicity and complexity of
actors involved in conflict.
Spatial distribution of argan tree influence on soil properties in southern Morocco
Authors: Kirchhoff Mario , Romes Tobias , Marzolff Irene , Seeger Manuel , Aït Hssaine Ali , Ries Johannes B. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The endemic argan tree (Argania spinosa) populations in southern Morocco are highly degraded due to overbrowsing, illegal firewood extraction and the expansion of intensive agriculture. Bare areas between the isolated trees increase due to limited regrowth; however, it is unknown if the trees influence the soil of the intertree areas. Hypothetically, spatial differences in soil parameters of the intertree area should result from the translocation of litter or soil particles (by runoff and erosion or wind drift) from canopy-covered areas to the intertree areas. In total, 385 soil samples were taken around the tree from the trunk along the tree drip line (within and outside the tree area) and the intertree area between two trees in four directions (upslope, downslope and in both directions parallel to the slope) up to 50 m distance from the tree. They were analysed for gravimetric soil water content, pH, electrical conductivity, percolation stability, total nitrogen content (TN), content of soil organic carbon (SOC) and C/N ratio. A total of 74 tension disc infiltrometer experiments were performed near the tree drip line, within and outside the tree area, to measure the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity. We found that the tree influence on its surrounding intertree area is limited, with, e.g., SOC and TN content decreasing significantly from tree trunk (4.4 % SOC and 0.3 % TN) to tree drip line (2.0 % SOC and 0.2 % TN). However, intertree areas near the tree drip line (1.3 % SOC and 0.2 % TN) differed significantly from intertree areas between two trees (1.0 % SOC and 0.1 % TN) yet only with a small effect. Trends for spatial patterns could be found in eastern and downslope directions due to wind drift and slope wash. Soil water content was highest in the north due to shade from the midday sun; the influence extended to the intertree areas. The unsaturated hydraulic conductivity also showed significant differences between areas within and outside the tree area near the tree drip line. This was the case on sites under different land usages (silvopastoral and agricultural), slope gradients or tree densities. Although only limited influence of the tree on its intertree area was found, the spatial pattern around the tree suggests that reforestation measures should
be aimed around tree shelters in northern or eastern directions with higher soil water content or TN or SOC content to ensure seedling survival, along with measures to prevent overgrazing.
Pengenalan Dan Pelatihan Laporan Keuangan Bumdes Di Desa Galesong Baru Kabupaten Takalar
Authors: Amin Asbi , Yusuf Marwah , Astuti Niken Probondani 
Published: August 2021

Komitmen pemerintah sangat tinggi untuk mendorong kesejahteraan masyarakat desa. Salah satunya dengan menggelontorkan miliaran rupiah ke desa dalam bentuk dana desa. Dengan dana desa tersebut, banyak potensi ekonomi masyarakat desa yang bisa ditingkatkan sehingga tentu saja butuh penguatan lembaga. Salah satunya pembentukan Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes), yang diharapkan bisa memfasilitasi masyarakat dalam pendanaan, membantu pembinaan usaha, juga membantu memfasilitasi pemasaran produk milik warga.
Desa Galesong Baru merupakan salah satu desa yang mendapatkan bantuan dana. Permasalahan yang dihadapi BUMDes adalah pengetahuan pengelola mengenai laporan keuangan masih terbatas. Solusi yang ditawarkan antara lain (1) mengadakan sosialisasi mengenai BUMDes (2) pelatihan pembuatan laporan keuangan
Meer en zwaarder toezicht na detentie
Authors: Bikker Mirte 
Published: August 2021

Further and severe supervision after detention – Expanding the list of individualised conditions in the context of conditional release
Part of the new legislation to reform the Dutch conditional release system contains a substantial expansion of the list of individualised conditions under which sentenced prisoners can be released early. These include a prohibition on settlement in a certain area, travelling abroad and on certain voluntary work, an obligation to move and the compensation of damage caused by the offense. These additional individualised conditions have significant implications on the specific character of the conditional release system, the legal protection of offenders, and the ratio between the conditional release system and the already existing conditional measure with regard to serious violent and sex offenders.
De gevangene als actor
Authors: van der Zande Iris 
Published: August 2021

The prisoner as an actor – The possibilities of prisoners to influence their own situation and the prison system in Rotterdam prisons, 1800-1850
Prisoner’s agency is often marginalized in the Dutch history of the prison. This article concretizes how inmates could influence their own lives and the prison system in the first half of the nineteenth century. By focusing on interaction as an indicator of agency, it is possible to go beyond the traditional analysis of agency as a form of resistance. A multidimensional perspective, in which attention is paid to resistance, negotiation and cooperation enlightens the diversity in which prisoners’ agency is expressed. In this way, this article aims to disprove the persistent stereotype of the powerless prisoner in the historiography of the Dutch prison.
Effect of storage conditions on SARS-CoV-2 RNA quantification in wastewater solids
Authors: Simpson Adrian , Topol Aaron , White Bradley J. , Wolfe Marlene K. , Wigginton Krista R. , Boehm Alexandria B. 
Published: August 2021

SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater settled solids is associated with COVID-19 incidence in sewersheds and therefore, there is a strong interest in using these measurements to augment traditional disease surveillance methods. A wastewater surveillance program should provide rapid turn around for sample measurements (ideally within 24 hours), but storage of samples is necessary for a variety of reasons including biobanking. Here we investigate how storage of wastewater solids at 4 °C, −20 °C, and −80 °C affects measured concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. We find that short term (7 or 8 d) storage of raw solids at 4 °C has little effect on measured concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA, whereas longer term storage at 4 °C (35–122 d) or freezing reduces measurements by 60%, on average. We show that normalizing SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations by concentrations of pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) RNA, an endogenous wastewater virus, can correct for changes during storage as storage can have a similar effect on PMMoV RNA as on SARS-CoV-2 RNA. The reductions in SARS-CoV-2 RNA in solids during freeze thaws is less than those reported for the same target in liquid influent by several authors.
Comparative Studies on Phytochemicals and Physicochemical Compositions of Chrysophyllum albidum G: Don Seeds Oil and Edible Commercial Oil
Authors: Rafiu Basirat O. , Agboadediran Opeyemi A. , Babalola Yetunde O. , Lawal Ibraheem O. 
Published: August 2021

Aims: This study was designed to compare the extractable yield of Chrysophyllum albidum seed oil, the phytoconstituents, and physicochemical parameters with the commercially available vegetable oil, to ascertain their suitability for human consumption and industrial uses.
Place and Duration of Study: Biomedicinal Research Centre, Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria in collaboration with the Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria, between October, 2018 to July, 2019.
Methodology: The seeds were collected from two locations (a parent tree in the Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria (FRIN) and as well procured at Akesan market in Oyo town (Oyo) all in Oyo State, Nigeria. The experiments were executed adopting the standard procedures. The air-dried powdered C. albidum seed was cold macerated with analytical grade N-Hexane. The oils were purified using activated charcoal and qualitatively screened to ascertain the phytochemicals in them. Physico-chemical parameters were quantitatively determined following AOAC guidelines.
Results: The results revealed that C. albidum is a low oil yielding seed especially when cold maceration was employed. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, anthraquinones, terpenoids, and cardiac glycosides in all the oils. Saponins were found only in the oil from the FRIN source. While tannins and flavonoids were absent in all the oils. The physico-chemical parameters revealed the ranges of 0.90 - 9.45 mgKOH/g (Acid value), 101.90 - 356.60 mgKOH/g (saponification value), 65.30 - 78.00 mg/g (iodine value), 101.00 - 348.50 (ester value), 2.93 - 6.21 (PH value), 0.787 - 0.900g/cm3 (Relative density) and 1.4590 - 1.6560 (Refractive index @280C).
Conclusion: It can be deduced that there are disparities in the yield, phytoconstituents and the physico-chemicals of the oils used for this study. Further research is needed on the C. albidum oil to validate its edibility and affirm its medicinal uses.