bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing the Effects of Dexmedetomidine versus Propofol on the Treatment of Emergence Agitation in Adults after General Anesthesia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (DP-TEA Trial)
Authors: Feng Zhaoyan , Shi Xiao , Yan Xue , Zhu Yamin , Gu Juan , Yu Weifeng , Zhang Song 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundEmergence agitation (EA) from general anesthesia is a common complication in the post anesthesia care unit (PACU). Once EA happens, there is still no guidelines established to recommend the medication administration in adults. Propofol is widely used in managing agitated patient in the PACU, but it is lack of analgesia and can suppress breathing transiently. Intraoperative infusion of dexmedetomidine is proved to have preventive effect on EA, but the treatment effect of dexmedetomidine on EA occurring in the PACU remains unknown. This study aims to compare the effects between dexmedetomidine and propofol on relieving emergence agitation in the PACU in adult patients after general anesthesia. MethodsIn this randomized, controlled, single-blinded clinical study, a total of 120 adult patients aged 18-65 years of both genders, with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification I or II who develop emergence agitation in the PACU after general anesthesia will be included. Patients will be randomized at 1:1 ratio to two groups, receiving either a single dose of dexmedetomidine (0.7ug/kg) or propofol (0.5mg/kg). The primary outcome is the recurrence rate of EA assessed by the Riker Sedation-Agitation Scale (RSAS). The secondary outcomes are RSAS scores and vital signs before and after intervention, the consumption of sufentanil in the PACU, nausea and vomiting scores evaluated by a four-point postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) scale when leaving the PACU, duration in the PACU, adverse events (desaturation, severe bradycardia, shivering, dizziness, laryngospasm, severe coughing, reintubation) and recovering quality evaluated by the 40-item quality of recovery scale (Qo-R 40).DiscussionPrevious studies are almost about the efficacy of premedication on preventing EA, while medicine administration on treating EA is reported rarely. This study is designed to investigate whether a single dose of dexmedetomidine can relieve EA more efficiently and improve recovery quality of adult patients form general anesthesia more significantly comparing to propofol.Trial registration﻿ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04142840.Registered on October 26, 2019. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04142840.
Miami Criterion for Recurrent Men-1 Related Hyperparathyroidism in the Forearm
Authors: Clemente-Gutierrez Uriel , Casanueva-Perez Enrique , de Anda-Gonzalez Guadalupe Jazmin , Reza-Albarran Alfredo Adolfo , Herrera Miguel Francisco , Velazquez-Fernandez David , Pantoja Juan Pablo , Sierra-Salazar Mauricio 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundTotal parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation of parathyroid tissue to the forearm is one of the treatment modalities for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1). Recurrence rate with this approach has been documented in up to 35% of patients. The amount of tissue to be preserved during autograft debulking has not been well established.MethodsPreoperative assessment begins with biochemical confirmation of recurrent PHPT. Anatomic and functional imaging must be obtained. Intraoperative PTH monitoring is used to evaluate adequate amount of parathyroid tissue to be debulk pursuing more than 50% of PTH drop.ResultsOne patient with recurrent MEN1 related PHPT successfully underwent autograft debulking using the Miami criterion to assess adequate resection. The postoperative course was uneventful and on follow up the patient did not develop hypoparathyroidism.ConclusionThe use of Miami criterion during autograft debulking reoperations in the setting of MEN-1 is a feasible tool to achieve remission of primary hyperparathyroidism.
Onchocerca Flexuosa. sp. (Nematoda: Filarioidea) in Japanese Wild Sika Deer (Cervus Nippon): Pathological and Molecular Identification of Intradermal Worms
Authors: elatieff Hoda Abd , Bazaa Eman , Hussin Shahinaz , Yamamoto Ituto , Yanai Tokuma , Rawash Abdelrhman Abou 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
More than thirty species of the genus Onchocerca (Nematoda; Filarioidea) were responsible for onchocercosis (a vector-borne parasitic disease) of wild and domestic ungulates. “Between 2016 and 2017”, the presence of Onchocerca flexuosa (Wedl, 1856) was detected and investigated in 17 Japanese Sika deer (Cervus nippon) captured in Gifu and Shiga Prefectures, Japan. The worms were found within characteristics subcutaneous nodules dispersed in different regions of the body of all 17 deer. The all collected nodules were examined stereo-microscopically. The parasites were extracted from the nodules and identified through morphological and histopathological examinations. Molecular identification through sequencing of the following genes; internal transcribed spacer subunit 2 (ITS2)–28S ribosomal RNA (28S rRNA), cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and mitochondrially encoded NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (NAD2) were performed. The histopathological, molecular and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that, the filarial nematode isolated from Gifu and Shiga Prefectures in Japan is O. flexuosa. This is the first report about presence of O. flexuosa in Japanese Sika deer (Cervus nippon) in Gifu and Shiga Prefectures.
Utilizing Matrix Completion for Simulation and Optimization of Water Distribution Networks
Authors: Jamal Alaa , Housh Mashor 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Simulation of Water Distribution Networks (WDNs) constitutes a key element for the planning and management of water supply systems. This simulation involves estimating the flows and pressures by solving a linear set of mass conservation equations and a nonlinear set of energy conservation equations. The literature presents different formulations of heads-flows equations to derive the flows and heads in WDN. These formulations differ in terms of dimensionality, computational cost, and solution accuracy. Whereas this problem has been the subject of active research in the past, in the last decades a state of stagnation was reached and no new formulations were introduced. In this study, we propose a novel formulation that utilizes a matrix completion technique to construct a reduced-size nonlinear system of equations that guarantees both mass and energy conservation. Unlike former formulations that rely on the topology of the network, in the proposed method we employ a matrix completion technique in which arbitrary entries are added to the equation system to facilitate its solution. The advantages of the proposed method are demonstrated in simulation and optimization settings. In the former, the method demonstrates improved scalability and accuracy as compared with other widely known formulations. In the latter, the new formulation leads to smaller optimization problems, which are otherwise intractable when the classical formulation is used. Our results reopen an old debate on the best formulation for WDN simulation and optimization tasks and show that the matrix completion technique is a viable solution option for the problem.
A Novel Provably Secure Key-Agreement Using Secret Subgroup Generator
Authors: Babiker Abdelhaliem 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a new key-agreement scheme is proposed and analyzed. In addition to being provably secure in shared secret key indistinguishability model, the scheme has an interesting feature: while using exponentiation over a cyclic subgroup to establish the key-agreement, the generator of that subgroup is hidden to secure the scheme against adversaries that are capable of solving the Discrete Logarithm Problem, which means that the scheme might be candidate as a post-quantum key exchange scheme.
Methamphetamine Facilitates HIV Infection of Human Monocytes Through Inhibiting Cellular Viral Restriction Factors
Authors: Liu Yu , Meng Fengzhen , wang xu , Liu Jinbiao , Wang Peng , Hu Wenhui , Ho Wenzhe 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

Methamphetamine (METH), a potent addictive psychostimulant, is highly prevalent in HIV-infected individuals. Clinically, METH use is implicated in alteration of immune system and increase of HIV spread/replication. Therefore, it is of importance to examine whether METH has direct effect on HIV infection of monocytes, the major target and reservoir cells for the virus.
Result

METH-treated monocytes were more susceptible to HIV infection as evidenced by increased levels of viral p24 protein and expression of viral GAG gene. Mechanistically, METH treatment of monocytes inhibited the expression of the antiviral IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs: OAS2, GBP5, ISG56, Viperin and ISG15) and the HIV restriction microRNAs. In addition, METH treatment of monocytes significantly decreased STAT1 expression at both mRNA and protein levels.
Conclusions

These findings suggest a previously unrecognized mechanism for HIV persistent infection in the primary target and reservoir cells.
Identification of Most Lethal Non-synonymous SNPs in Tollip gene- An In-Silico Analysis
Authors: Ghani Usman , Ullah Rahmat , Anjum Tayyaba , Ali Yasir , Hussain Saddam , Shah Sadarat , Zulfiqar Iqra , Sultan Talha , Tanveer Mohammad Aashar , Sabar Muhammad Farooq , jalil Fazal 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The Toll-interacting protein (TOLLIP), first detected by hybrid screening using Interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein in 2000, is ubiquitous and its TLR signaling cascade gets negatively regulated by TOLLIP in particular by impeding the TLR4 and TLR2 pathways. Toll-interacting protein facilitates TLR and TGF-β type 1 receptor intracellular localization and lysosomal degradation and exerts its anti-apoptosis and pro-autophagy effects through interaction with a target of Myb1 membrane trafficking protein 1 (TOM1) in autoimmunity. It also protects intestinal epithelial cells from apoptosis induced by (TNF-α) (IFN-γ) signaling and acts as a cargo adaptor linking (ATG8) autophagy gene 8 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3. Ubiquitin-modified cell debris along with coated autophagosomes removes harmful protein aggregates and maintains cellular homeostasis. It is therefore structurally and functionally important to detect TOLLIP polymorphisms to indicate the possible malfunctions and therapeutics. We have identified the gap of available data on nsSNPs in the TOLLIP gene in previous studies. Hence, We have used a wide range of bioinformatic techniques in this study to identify the most destructive nsSNPs in the TOLLIP gene. The in-silico tools such as PROVEAN, SIFT, SNP&GO, PhD SNP, and PolyPhen2 have been used followed by I Mutant, MutPred, and ConSurf. The 3-D mapping was carried out with I-TASSER and Phyre2. Though, STRING and GeneMANIA proposed the gene to gene interaction of TOLLIP. Our study identified G19D (rs866744102), G32R (rs1308704061), D71N (rs777772934), and E72G (rs1202660177) as the four most lethal non-synonymous SNPs in TOLLIP genes, which may play an essential part in defects of TOLLIP Protein and probably cause a different type of diseases. This is the first study of its kind, and it could pave the way in the field of medical drugs in the future. The influence of these nsSNPs in the normal functioning of TOLLIP can also be evaluated in animal models to identify the underlying biochemical pathway involved in diseases.
Recruitment in Health Services Research - A Study on Facilitating and Inhibiting Factors Regarding The Recruitment of Community-Based Healthcare Providers
Authors: Krebs Franziska , Lorenz Laura , Nawabi Farah , Lück Isabel , Bau Anne-Madeleine , Alayli Adrienne , Stock Stephanie 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

In healthcare intervention trials, the recruitment of patients is frequently conducted by community-based healthcare providers. The recruitment of healthcare providers is therefore a crucial prerequisite that can determine the success of a trial right from the start. However, the recruitment of healthcare providers often poses a major challenge, and little is known about its influencing factors.
Methods

The study was conducted alongside an intervention trial evaluating the effectiveness of a lifestyle intervention during pregnancy. Triangulation techniques were used to identify facilitators and barriers to the recruitment of healthcare providers. Qualitative text analysis of internal documents and semi-structured interviews with study coordinators were performed. These results were used to derive the facilitating and inhibiting factors for recruitment.
Results

Our findings identified intrinsic motivation and interest in the trial’s aims and goals as the most important factors in healthcare provider recruitment. Beyond that, extrinsic motivation generated through financial incentives or collegial obligation emerged as a conflicting strategy. While extrinsic motivation might aid in the initial enrollment of healthcare providers, it rarely results in active trial participation in the long run. The perceived availability of eligible patients emerged as another barrier. Some healthcare providers declined trial participation because they anticipated that they would not have any patients that would suit the intervention due to high social burden or low need on the part of the patients.
Conclusions

During the planning of a trial, more attention should be paid to the recruitment phase. Researchers should seek input from healthcare providers when planning their trial design and recruitment strategies, and conduct a thorough needs assessment to avoid barriers and create a sense of ownership. Financial compensation for the trial burden emerged as a basic requirement, but this is not sufficient for recruitment if used as the sole means of motivation. Adaptable recruiting and intervention strategies that suit different patient populations are important in helping healthcare providers feel adequately prepared for trial tasks. The recruitment skills of healthcare providers and the communication skills of trial staff should therefore be addressed explicitly before the start of the recruitment phase.
Trial registration

German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00013173). Registered 3rd of January 2019
A Bibliometric Analysis of the Top-Cited Articles on Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Authors: You Jiasheng , Liu Chao , Chen Yixin , Zhu Weifen , Fan Shunwu , Li Hongye , LI Lin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Citation analysis is a bibliometric method for appraising the impact of academic publications in any given scientific discipline. There is a paucity of literature concerning influential works on diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). Aims: To determine the top-cited articles in the field of DFU research.Methods: A bibliometric analysis of citations indexed in the Scopus and the Web of Science databases was conducted in January 2021 to determine all publications related to DFU. The 50 top-cited articles that met the inclusion criteria were ranked. Articles were evaluated for several characteristics including year of publication, country of origin, authorship, publishing journal, topic categories, publishing type and level of evidence.Results: The median number of citations per article in the list was 442 (interquartile range [IQR], 320-520), with a median of 21.8 citations (IQR, 16.5-34.5) per year since publication. The publication years ranged from 1986 to 2017, with 1998 accounting for the greatest number of studies (n = 7). The citation classics were published in 20 journals and originated from institutions in nine countries. The majority of the studies were clinical, of which expert-opinion/review with Level V evidence and clinical studies with Levels I and II evidence comprised the greater proportion in the list.Conclusions: This study identified the top-cited articles and provides useful insights into the history and development of DFU research. Our findings may serve as a quick reference for education curriculums and clinical practice, in addition to providing a foundation for further studies on this topic.
Spatial Optimization Layout of Best Management Practices through SWAT and Interval Fractional Programming Under Uncertainty
Authors: Gu Jinjin , Cao Yuan , Wu Min , Song Min , Wang Lin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Uncertainty in nature and human society affect pollution control efficiency and the rationality of the scheme of spatial optimization layout of best management practices (BMP) for agricultural non-point-source (NPS) pollution treatment. Based on this idea, the study innovatively develops a mathematical model that integrates soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model and interval fractional programming. The advantage of the model are the following: (1) ability to process a BMP spatial optimization layout in watershed in uncertain situations, (2) ability to effectively reflect the uncertain factors involved in the scheme without having to set all the variables as uncertain factors, and (3) results are in the form of schemes in upper and lower limit scenarios, thereby reflecting the limit of uncertainty impact on the schemes. The results of this study can provide decision-makers with a wide range of optional schemes. This study examines how to set up the BMP spatial optimal layout scheme for agricultural non-point-source pollution treatment under the influence of uncertain factors. The proposed method is universal and can be extended to other cases.
ELK3 Mediated by ZEB1 Facilitates the Growth and Metastasis of Pancreatic Carcinoma by Activating the Wnt/Β-Catenin Pathway
Authors: Zhao Qiuyan , Ren Yingchun , Xie Haoran , Yu Lanting , Lu Jiawei , Jiang Weiliang , Xiao Wenqin , Zhu Zhonglin , Wan Rong , Li Baiwen 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundRapid progression and metastasis are the major cause of death of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients. ELK3, a member of ternary complex factor (TCF), has been associated with the initiation and progression of various cancers. However, the role of ELK3 in PDAC need to be further elucidated.MethodsOnline databases and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze ELK3 level in PDAC tissues. The function of ELK3 was confirmed by a series of in vivo and in vitro studies. Western blot and immunofluorescence were used to detect the molecular mechanisms in PDAC. ChIP-qPCR was used to study the mechanism responsible for elevation of ELK3 in PDAC. ResultsELK3 level was higher in PDAC tissues than that in adjacent normal tissues. Functionally, we demonstrated that ELK3 acted as an oncogene to promote PDAC tumorigenesis and metastasis. Further investigations suggested that ELK3 could promote PDAC cells migration and invasion by activating Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Then we proved that ZEB1 could directly bind to the promoter of ELK3 to increase its transcription. Finally, both of them were associated with patients’ clinicopathological features and worse overall survival. ConclusionsOur findings enrich the role of ELK3 in PDAC, and provide potential avenues for exploring more effective biomarkers and therapeutic strategies in the treatment of PDAC.
Plant Species Compositions Alleviate Toxicological Effects of Bisphenol a by Enhancing Growth, Antioxidant Defense System and Detoxification
Authors: Nie Xianguang , Wang Lin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), a broadly disseminated endocrine disturbing chemicals in environment, is harmful to creatures and plants. Plants can uptake and metabolize BPA, but a single plant species ability is limited. Undeniably, plant species compositions have a more vital ability to remove pollutants than a single plant species. However, the mechanisms of plant species compositions alleviating toxicological effects of bisphenol A are poorly understood. Here, we administered plant species compositions, which based on a full-factorial design of Phragmites australis(A), Typha latifolia(B) and Arundo donax(C), to unveil their role in BPA exposure. The comes about illustrated that with 1.5-10mg L−1 of BPA introduction, the mixed-hydroponic culture groups (e.g. sp(ABC)) significantly increased biomass production and photosynthetic pigments content as revealed by augmented the shoots fresh, dry weight, chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll content. While mixed-hydroponic culture groups (e.g. sp(AB), sp(ABC)) significantly increased antioxidant enzymes activity and antioxidant substances, it astoundingly diminished responsive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) substance, proposing that mixed-hydroponic culture groups calmed oxidative stretch in takes off. Further analysis revealed that mixed-hydroponic culture groups (e.g. sp(AB), sp(AC), sp(ABC)) significantly increased detoxification enzyme activity of NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glycosyltransferase (GT). Moreover, mixed-hydroponic culture groups (e.g. sp(AB), sp(AC), sp(ABC)) decreased the BPA substance in leaves, proposing that mixed-hydroponic culture groups advanced BPA metabolism by improving CPR, GST, GT detoxification. These results suggest that a mixed-hydroponic culture strategy can alleviate BPA phytotoxicity and possibly offer natural and potential phytoremediation of BPA way.
Physical Activity’s Screening in Non Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Surgery: An Observational Study
Authors: Magno Stefano , Rossi Maria Maddalena , Filippone Alessio , Rossi Cristina , Guarino Donatella , Maggiore Claudia , Micco Annalisa Di , Dilucca Maddalena , Masetti Riccardo 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPhysical activity (PA) can play a role in lowering the risk of breast cancer (BC), but also in reducing treatments related side effects, improving the quality of life and decreasing mortality in BC survivors. Despite these benefits, the majority of BC patients do not achieve the recommended levels of PA and often reduce their exercise frequency after the diagnosis. Moreover, PA screening and counseling are not offered to patients as standard of care, even in high quality breast units. MethodsFrom February 2019 to March 2020, we performed a preoperative physical and nutritional screening in 504 consecutive BC patients waiting for surgery. The screening included an IPAQ questionnaire to evaluate the level of physical activity, measurement of anthropometric parameters (weight, height, waist and hips circumference, BMI and Waist Hips Ratio) and evaluation of body composition using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). ResultsThe majority of patients in our series resulted physically inactive: clustering the IPAQ scores, 47% of patients proved to be physically inactive (MET score <700), 34% moderately active (MET score 700-2520) and only 19% physically active (MET score > 2520). In addition, approximately half of the patients (49%) resulted overweight or obese, and more than half (55%) had a percentage of fatty tissue over the recommended cut off for adult women. ConclusionsOur data confirm that assessment of PA levels should become part of the standard preoperative evaluation of BC patients and behavioral interventions should be offered to them, in order to prehabilitate to surgery and improve outcomes.