bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ВІДОБРАЖЕННЯ СВІТУ ЖИВОГО У ПІДРУЧНИКОВІЙ ЛІТЕРАТУРІ ПОЧАТКУ ХХ СТОЛІТТЯ (ДОРАДЯНСЬКИЙ І РАННЬОРАДЯНСЬКИЙ ПЕРІОД)
Authors: Сухомлинська Леся 
Published: November 2021

Статтю присвячено характеристиці тем і сюжетів, що формували у школярів знання і ставлення до світу живого (рослин і тварин) на сторінках вітчизняної навчальної літератури початку ХХ століття, коли у суспільній думці ще не було усталеної позиції щодо цих питань. У центрі аналізу – підручники і навчальні посібники для молодших школярів, на сторінках яких віддзеркалена думка педагогів-авторів й укладачів щодо питань взаємодії людини/дитини та світу живого. У статті розкрито змістове наповнення підручникової літератури, створеної і впровадженої у роки діяльності українських урядів періоду Української революції (1917-1921), яка в цілому продовжила дореволюційну тенденцію висвітлення цих питань як розкриття повсякденного світу дитини. Охарактеризовано підручники Т. Хуторного (Тимофія Лубенця) та внесок видатного педагога Бориса Грінченка у формування у дітей милосердного ставлення до тварин. З’ясовано, що в ранньорадянський період, коли в республіці була сформована власна система освіти, переважна частина підручників, застосовувана в попередні роки, була перероблена під радянський дискурс і напрями діяльності школи – вивчення оточуючого світу, зв’язок з життям. Тем і сюжетів про рослинний і тваринний світ побільшало в підручниках для сільської школи з огляду їх «корисності» для людини і господарства, а піклування автори радили приділяти диким птахам. У статті охарактеризовано російську підручникову літературу, оскільки її застосовували і в школах УPCР. Встановлено, що в усіх аналізованих джерелах початку 1920-х років матеріал про світ живого представлений недостатньо. У порівнянні з іншими темами, особливо ідеологічними, спостерігається виразна тенденція до його зменшення, натомість політична, ідеологічна складова з кожним роком все зростала.
The relationship between the chemical composition and taste of strawberries
Authors: Arifova Z. I. , Smykov A. V. 
Published: November 2021

The results of the evaluation of promising 24 cultivars and 6 forms of garden strawberries by their chemical composition (contents of ascorbic acid, titrated acid, sugars, dry substances, monosaccharides, the level of the sugar-acid coefficient) and the taste qualities of the fruits are presented to identify sources of high taste qualities and high content of biologically active substances. Seven cultivars and forms (Aidarina, Assol, Zarina, Efsane 3-15 Atlantida × Uniol, 12-15 Sunrise × Hercules, 25-15 Jantarnaja × Zenga Zengana) with a high fruit flavor (4.8-5.0 points); six cultivars (Aidarina, Assol, Atlantida, Bagryana, Zarina, Present) with an increased content of ascorbic acid (76.1-85.4 mg/100 g); eight cultivars and forms (Bagryana, Hercules, Krymskaya Remontantnaya, Luiza, Sanika, Honey, 3-15 Atlantida × Uniol, 14-15 Sunrise × Clery) with high titratable acidity (1.1-1.2%); five cultivars (Aidarina, Albion, Bagryana, Zarina, Rusanovka) with optimal total sugar content (7.5-9.8%); four cultivars (Albion, Bagryana, Krymskaya Remontantnaya, Uniol) with a high amount of dry matter (10.6-17.3 %); seven cultivars and forms (Assol, Albion, Zarina, Krymskaya Rannaya, Rusanovka, 13-15 Sunrise × Zenga Zengana, 14-15 Sunrise × Clery, 25-15 Jantarnaja × Zenga Zengana) with a high sugar-acid index (8.0-11.9). The lowest variability (8.2-16.7%) was characterized by such signs as the taste of fruits and the content of total sugar, titrated acidity, and the highest (18.3-25.0%) - the content of ascorbic acid, solids, and the sugar-acid index. The most significant correlation between the sugar-acid coefficient and the biochemical parameters of strawberry fruits was revealed.
META ANALISIS PENELITIAN PENGGUNAAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN PETA KONSEP DI BEBERAPA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Hidayat Muhammad Thamrin , Mariati Pance , Asmarani Ratih 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian Meta Analisis. Penelitian meta analisis yaitu menggunakan studi-studi penelitian yang sudah ada dan yang telah dilakukan secara sistematis dan kuantitatif untuk memperoleh kesimpulan yang akurat. Penelitian meta analisis akan menganalisis kuantitatif dari hasil penelitian sebelumnya untuk dapat menerima atau tidak diterima yang diajukan oleh peneliti-peneliti yang telah dilakukan. Penelitian meta analisis ini yang akan menganalisa penelitian-penelitian pembelajaran yang menggunakan Peta Konsep (PK). Tujuan penelitian meta analisis yaitu untuk mengetahui apa saja yang diharapkan oleh peneliti dalam menggunakan pembelajaran dengan PK? Apa pula permasalahan sehingga pembelajaran menetapkan strategi pembelajaran PK? Adakah pembelajaran PK yang digabungkan dengan model metode pembelajaran yang lain? Jumlah tulisan yang dihimpun sebanyak 24 tulisan hasil penelitian dari berbagai Sekolah Dasar yang ada di Indonesia. Pada penelitian meta analisis ini yang akan dikupas beberapa hal : Tujuan penelitian, disain penelitian, jumlah sampel, teknik pengumpulan data, analisis data, dan alasan penggunaan pembelajaran dengan PK. Kesimpulan dari penelitian meta analisis yang dihasilkan yaitu: 1) Tujuan penelitian untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar dan meningkatkan aktivitas siswa dengan menggunakan Peta Konsep, 2) Menggunakan Peta Konsep Agar pembelajaran bervariatif, 3) Pemilihan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan Peta Konsep sudah sesuai dengan tujuan pembelajaran. 4) Data yang di analisis merupakan data hasil tes untuk menunjukkan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar, sedangkan pengamatan untuk melihat keterampilan guru. 5) Penelitian pengajaran dengan PK digabungkan dengan metode lain akan lebih meningkat dari pada hanya PK saja. 6) Judul dengan pengembangan hasil penelitian tidak sesuai dengan penelitian pengembangan yang sebenarnya, karena tidak menghasilkan sesuatu dalam akhir penelitiannya. 7) Hampir sebagian besar peneliti tidak memberikan alasan mengapa memilih pembelajaran dengan menggunakan Peta Konsep..
PENGARUH MEDIA MAGIC STRAW TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN KOGNITIF DAN MOTORIK HALUS PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Qibtiyah Mas Lailatul , Siti Masitoh  , Bakhtiar Syaiful Bachri  
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan pengaruh media magic straw terhadap perkembangan kognitif dan motorik halus pada anak kelompok B TK Dharma Wanita Persatuan di kecamatan Waru Sidoarjo, penelitian in ipenelitian kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen, pada penelitian ini menggunakan desain experimental karena memiliki kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol, data penelitian sebanyak 60 anak, di TK Dharma Wanita Persatuan Berbek 33 anak, sedangkan di TK Dharma Wanita WadungAsri 27 anak, penelitian di dilakukan pada bulan Juni 2021.hasil penelitian dan uji hipotesis terbukti bahwa media magic straw berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan kognitif dan motorik halus pada anak kelompok B dengan terbukti adanya perbedaan niali kelompok eksperimen dengan kelompok kontrol. Keberhasilan anak dalam merangkai magic straw berkatagori sangat baik, kerena dalam merangkai menggunakan media magic straw mendapat respon yang baik dari anak. Berdasarkan hasil dan diskusi penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa media magic straw dapat meningkatkan perkembangan kognitif dan perkembangan motorik halus anak.
Photochemistry of Venus-like Planets Orbiting K- and M-dwarf Stars
Authors: Jordan Sean , Rimmer Paul B. , Shorttle Oliver , Constantinou Tereza 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Compared to the diversity seen in exoplanets, Venus is a veritable astrophysical twin of the Earth; however, its global cloud layer truncates features in transmission spectroscopy, masking its non-Earth-like nature. Observational indicators that can distinguish an exo-Venus from an exo-Earth must therefore survive above the cloud layer. The above-cloud atmosphere is dominated by photochemistry, which depends on the spectrum of the host star and therefore changes between stellar systems. We explore the systematic changes in photochemistry above the clouds of Venus-like exoplanets orbiting K-dwarf or M-dwarf host stars, using a recently validated model of the full Venus atmosphere (0–115 km) and stellar spectra from the Measurements of the Ultraviolet Spectral Characteristics of Low-mass Exoplanetary Systems (MUSCLES) Treasury survey. SO2, OCS, and H2S are key gas species in Venus-like planets that are not present in Earth-like planets, and could therefore act as observational discriminants if their atmospheric abundances are high enough to be detected. We find that SO2, OCS, and H2S all survive above the cloud layer when irradiated by the coolest K dwarf and all seven M dwarfs, whereas these species are heavily photochemically depleted above the clouds of Venus. The production of sulfuric acid molecules that form the cloud layer decreases for decreasing stellar effective temperature. Less steady-state photochemical oxygen and ozone forms with decreasing stellar effective temperature, and the effect of chlorine-catalyzed reaction cycles diminish in favor of HO
x
and SO
x
catalyzed cycles. We conclude that trace sulfur gases will be prime observational indicators of Venus-like exoplanets around M-dwarf host stars, potentially capable of distinguishing an exo-Venus from an exo-Earth.
First Discovery of New Pulsars and RRATs with CHIME/FRB
Authors: Good D. C. , Andersen B. C. , Chawla P. , Crowter K. , Dong F. Q. , Fonseca E. , Meyers B. W. , Ng C. , Pleunis Z. , Ransom S. M. , Stairs I. H. , Tan C. M. , Bhardwaj M. , Boyle P. J. , Dobbs M. , Gaensler B. M. , Kaspi V. M. , Masui K. W. , Naidu A. , Rafiei-Ravandi M. , Scholz P. , Smith K. M. , Tendulkar S. P. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We report the discovery of seven new Galactic pulsars with the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment’s Fast Radio Burst (CHIME/FRB) backend. These sources were first identified via single pulses in CHIME/FRB, then followed up with CHIME/Pulsar. Four sources appear to be rotating radio transients, pulsar-like sources with occasional single-pulse emission with an underlying periodicity. Of those four sources, three have detected periods ranging from 220 ms to 2.726 s. Three sources have more persistent but still intermittent emission and are likely intermittent or nulling pulsars. We have determined phase-coherent timing solutions for the latter two. These seven sources are the first discovery of previously unknown Galactic sources with CHIME/FRB and highlight the potential of fast radio burst detection instruments to search for intermittent Galactic radio sources.
Magnetic Helicity Estimations in Models and Observations of the Solar Magnetic Field. IV. Application to Solar Observations
Authors: Thalmann J. K. , Georgoulis M. K. , Liu Y. , Pariat E. , Valori G. , Anfinogentov S. , Chen F. , Guo Y. , Moraitis K. , Yang S. ,   (The ISSI Team on Magnetic helicity), Mastrano Alpha 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this ISSI-supported series of studies on magnetic helicity in the Sun, we systematically implement different magnetic helicity calculation methods on high-quality solar magnetogram observations. We apply finite-volume, discrete flux tube (in particular, connectivity-based) and flux-integration methods to data from Hinode’s Solar Optical Telescope. The target is NOAA Active Region 10930 during a 1.5-day interval in 2006 December that included a major eruptive flare (SOL2006-12-13T02:14X3.4). Finite-volume and connectivity-based methods yield instantaneous budgets of the coronal magnetic helicity, while the flux-integration methods allow an estimate of the accumulated helicity injected through the photosphere. The objectives of our work are twofold: a cross-validation of methods, as well as an interpretation of the complex events leading to the eruption. To the first objective, we find (i) strong agreement among the finite-volume methods, (ii) a moderate agreement between the connectivity-based and finite-volume methods, (iii) an excellent agreement between the flux-integration methods, and (iv) an overall agreement between finite-volume- and flux-integration-based estimates regarding the predominant sign and magnitude of the helicity. To the second objective, we are confident that the photospheric helicity flux significantly contributed to the coronal helicity budget and that a right-handed structure erupted from a predominantly left-handed corona during the X-class flare. Overall, we find that the use of different methods to estimate the (accumulated) coronal helicity may be necessary in order to draw a complete picture of an active region corona, given the careful handling of identified data (preparation) issues, which otherwise would mislead the event analysis and interpretation.
The Measurement of Dynamic Tidal Contribution to Apsidal Motion in Heartbeat Star KIC 4544587
Authors: Ou Jian-Wen , Yu Cong , Yang Ming , Jiang Chen , Ma Bo , Liu Guanfu , Liu Shang-Fei , Luo Juan-Juan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Apsidal motion is a gradual shift in the position of periastron. The impact of dynamic tides on apsidal motion has long been debated, because the contribution could not be quantified due to the lack of high-quality observations. KIC 4544587 with tidally excited oscillations has been observed by Kepler high-precision photometric data based on long-time-baseline and short-cadence schema. In this paper, we compute the rate of apsidal motion that arises from the dynamic tides as 19.05 ± 1.70 mrad yr−1 via tracking the orbital phase shifts of tidally excited oscillations. We also calculate the procession rate of the orbit due to the Newtonian and general relativistic contribution as 21.49 ± 2.8 and 2.4 ± 0.06 mrad yr−1, respectively. The sum of these three factors is in excellent agreement with the total observational rate of apsidal motion 42.97 ± 0.18 mrad yr−1 measured by eclipse timing variations. The tidal effect accounts for about 44% of the overall observed apsidal motion and is comparable to that of the Newtonian term. Dynamic tides have a significant contribution to the apsidal motion. The analysis method mentioned in this paper presents an alternative approach to measuring the contribution of the dynamic tides quantitatively.
Who Ordered That? Unequal-mass Binary Black Hole Mergers Have Larger Effective Spins
Authors: Callister Thomas A. , Haster Carl-Johan , Ng Ken K. Y. , Vitale Salvatore , Farr Will M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Hierarchical analysis of binary black hole (BBH) detections by the Advanced LIGO and Virgo detectors has offered an increasingly clear picture of their mass, spin, and redshift distributions. Fully understanding the formation and evolution of BBH mergers will require not just the characterization of these marginal distributions, but the discovery of any correlations that exist between the properties of BBHs. Here, we hierarchically analyze the ensemble of BBHs discovered by LIGO and Virgo with a model that allows for intrinsic correlations between their mass ratios q and effective inspiral spins χ
eff. At 98.7% credibility, we find that the mean of the χ
eff distribution varies as a function of q, such that more unequal-mass BBHs exhibit systematically larger χ
eff. We find a Bayesian odds ratio of 10.5 in favor of a model that allows for such a correlation over one that does not. Finally, we use simulated signals to verify that our results are robust against degeneracies in the measurements of q and χ
eff for individual events. While many proposed astrophysical formation channels predict some degree correlation between spins and mass ratio, these predicted correlations typically act in an opposite sense to the trend we observationally identify in the data.
Can a Strong Radio Burst Escape the Magnetosphere of a Magnetar?
Authors: Beloborodov Andrei M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We examine the possibility that fast radio bursts (FRBs) are emitted inside the magnetosphere of a magnetar. On its way out, the radio wave must interact with a low-density e
± plasma in the outer magnetosphere at radii R = 109–1010 cm. In this region, the magnetospheric particles have a huge cross section for scattering the wave. As a result, the wave strongly interacts with the magnetosphere and compresses it, depositing the FRB energy into the compressed field and the scattered radiation. The scattered spectrum extends to the γ-ray band and triggers e
± avalanche, further boosting the opacity. These processes choke FRBs, disfavoring scenarios with a radio source confined at R ≪ 1010 cm. Observed FRBs can be emitted by magnetospheric flare ejecta transporting energy to large radii.
Evidence for Mixing between ICM and Stripped ISM by the Analysis of the Gas Metallicity in the Tails of Jellyfish Galaxies
Authors: Franchetto Andrea , Tonnesen Stephanie , Poggianti Bianca M. , Vulcani Benedetta , Gullieuszik Marco , Moretti Alessia , Smith Rory , Ignesti Alessandro , Bacchini Cecilia , McGee Sean , Tomičić Neven , Mingozzi Matilde , Wolter Anna , Müller Ancla 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Hydrodynamical simulations show that the ram pressure stripping in galaxy clusters fosters a strong interaction between stripped interstellar medium (ISM) and the surrounding medium, with the possibility of intracluster medium (ICM) cooling into cold gas clouds. Exploiting the MUSE observation of three jellyfish galaxies from the GAs Stripping Phenomena in galaxies with MUSE (GASP) survey, we explore the gas metallicity of star-forming clumps in their gas tails. We find that the oxygen abundance of the stripped gas decreases as a function of the distance from the parent galaxy disk; the observed metallicity profiles indicate that more than 40% of the most metal-poor stripped clouds are constituted by cooled ICM, in qualitative agreement with simulations that predict mixing between the metal-rich ISM and the metal-poor ICM.
Shadow ban
Authors: Badouard Romain 
Published: November 2021

Les réseaux sociaux recourent, pour modérer les contenus, à un répertoire de stratégies inédites qui échappent aux catégories traditionnelles de la censure : les rendre invisibles sans les supprimer. Le pouvoir ainsi exercé sur l’accès à la visibilité est d’autant plus difficile à contrôler qu’il reste inaperçu.
Muscle Synergies in People With Chronic Ankle Instability During Anticipated and Unanticipated Landing-Cutting Tasks
Authors: Kim Hoon , Palmieri-Smith Riann , Kipp Kristof 
Published: November 2021

ContextAlthough neuromuscular deficits in people with chronic ankle instability (CAI) have been identified, previous researchers have mostly investigated the activation of multiple muscles in isolation. Investigating muscle synergies in people with CAI would provide information about the coordination and control of neuromuscular activation strategies and could supply important information for understanding and rehabilitating neuromuscular deficits in this population.ObjectiveTo assess and compare muscle synergies using nonnegative matrix factorization in people with CAI and healthy control individuals as they performed different landing-cutting tasks.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingLaboratory.Patients or Other ParticipantsA total of 11 people with CAI (5 men, 6 women; age = 22 ± 3 years, height = 1.68 ± 0.11 m, mass = 69.0 ± 19.1 kg) and 11 people without CAI serving as a healthy control group (5 men, 6 women; age = 23 ± 4 years, height = 1.74 ± 0.11 m, mass = 66.8 ± 15.5 kg) participated.Main Outcome Measure(s)Muscle synergies were extracted from electromyography of the lateral gastrocnemius, medial gastrocnemius, fibularis longus, soleus, and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles during anticipated and unanticipated landing-cutting tasks. The number of synergies, activation coefficients, and muscle-specific weighting coefficients were compared between groups and across tasks.ResultsThe number of muscle synergies was the same for each group and task. The CAI group exhibited greater TA weighting coefficients in synergy 1 than the control group (P = .02). In addition, both groups demonstrated greater fibularis longus (P = .03) weighting coefficients in synergy 2 during the unanticipated landing-cutting task than the anticipated landing-cutting task.ConclusionsThese results suggest that, although both groups used neuromuscular control strategies of similar complexity or dimensionality to perform the landing-cutting tasks, the CAI group displayed different muscle-specific weightings characterized by greater emphasis on TA function in synergy 1, which may reflect an effort to increase joint stability to compensate for ankle instability.
Phosphatation de résidus minéraux
Authors: Bournonville Blandine , Nzihou Ange , Sharrock Patrick , Depelsenaire Guy 
Published: November 2021

The incineration of municipal solid waste generates mineral residues which contain soluble chlorides and heavy metal pollutants. The mineral residue is currently landfilled after a cement solidification. An alternative treatment, the new patented by Solvay process uses phosphoric acid to stabilise mineral residue by the formation of stable minerals such as calcium phosphates which are insoluble in natural environments and can incorporate heavy metals inside their crystalline structure. Two different water-washed municipal solid waste incinerator mineral residues are investigated during the phosphate treatment. Phosphoric acid reacts exothermically with mineral residues with rapid kinetics of the dissolution-precipitation type. Second order rate is observed with respect to the phosphate concentration and activation energies for the phosphate reaction are found to be small (near 20 kJ/mol). Mineral residues react with phosphoric acid mainly as calcium carbonate does. Precipitated amorphous calcium phosphates coat the more inert particles (silicoaluminates, silicates, and calcium sulphates…). The two mineral residues with different compositions show similar behaviour. This indicates the phosphate stabilisation procedure can be widely applied. This chemical treatment can be considered as a first essential step in the effective insolubilisation of extractable trace heavy metals in a mineral material that could find in the future an beneficial reuse after further processing as secondary raw material.
Solvay a breveté un nouveau procédé de stabilisation de résidus minéraux contaminés par des métaux lourds et des composés organiques dont l’une des étapes fondamentales est le traitement chimique à l’acide phosphorique. Son objectif est de former des phosphates de calcium de grande stabilité chimique et thermique, capables d’incorporer dans leur structure cristalline les métaux lourds. L’étude de la cinétique de phosphatation montre que la réaction est exothermique. Les phosphates calciques formés enrobent les particules les plus inertes. L’énergie d’activation faible (20 kJ/mol), caractéristique d’une réaction acide-base, est proche de celle de la réaction avec le carbonate de calcium. Les expérimentations menées et les paramètres observés indiquent que la phosphatation peut être généralisée pour tous les résidus minéraux et constituer une première étape dans l’insolubilisation effective des métaux lourds. Ceci permet d’envisager pour le futur une possible revalorisation des résidus minéraux phosphatés et calcinés comme matière première secondaire.
Bifurcation Analysis and Electronic Circuit for Sprott Jerk System
Authors: Miptahudin R Apip 
Published: November 2021

In this paper, the Sprott jerk system based quadratic function is presented. The dynamics of this system is revealed through equilibrium analysis, phase portrait, bifurcation diagram and Lyapunov exponents. The Sprott system can exhibit a chaotic attractor, which has complex dynamic behavior. Finally, the circuit implementation is carried out to verify the Sprott Jerk system. The comparison between the MATLAB and MultiSIM simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the Sprott system.