bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beyond W.E.I.R.D. (Western, educated, industrial, rich, democratic)‐centric theories and perspectives: masculinity and fathering in Chinese societies
Authors: Li Xuan , Hu Yang , Huang Ching‐Yu Soar , Chuang Susan S. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractFatherhood scholarship has made much theoretical progress over the past decades, yet existing models and concepts continue to draw primarily on western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (WEIRD)‐centric assumptions. This review uses demographically sizeable, culturally significant, yet understudied and undertheorized Chinese fathers as an example to reveal the limitations of applying WEIRD‐centric perspectives when studying fathering and fatherhood. Specifically, existing models and concepts of fathering and fatherhood, with an emphasis on father involvement, especially in rough‐and‐tumble play, are predicated on the assumptions of nuclear family and western hegemonic masculinity. The Chinese cultural tradition, in contrast, endorses a literatus masculinity and emphasizes the family lineage, thereby encouraging fathers' educational involvement and inviting grandparental care. These cultural traditions intersect with unfolding social developments in contemporary Chinese societies to shape fathering ideals and practices. A full, routine inclusion of non‐WEIRD fathers, such as Chinese fathers, promises to benefit the scholarship on fathering and fatherhood as a whole.
Slack and Cyclically Sensitive Inflation
Authors: STOCK JAMES H. , WATSON MARK W. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe investigate the flattening Phillips relation by making two departures from standard specifications. First, we measure slack using real activity variables that are bandpass filtered or year‐over‐year changes in activity (these are similar), instead of gaps. Second, we study the components of inflation instead of the standard aggregates. We find that some inflation components have strong and stable correlations with the cyclical component of real activity; these components tend to be relatively well‐measured and domestically determined. Other components, typically prices that are poorly measured or internationally determined, have weak and/or unstable correlations with cyclical activity. We construct a new inflation index, cyclically sensitive inflation, that weights the components by their joint cyclical covariation with real activity. The index has strong and stable correlations with cyclical activity and provides a real‐time measure of cyclical movements in inflation.
Agrifood field analysis and sociocultural brokerage. Mexico and the United States: 1950–2016
Authors: Calleja Margarita , González Humberto 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this work, we propose the heuristic and explicative possibilities of agrifood fields analysis (AFFA) for the historical study of capitalism in agriculture and food. This approach considers the agroclimatic conditions of the territories and the sociocultural plurality of the actors who inhabit them. This phenomenological and eco‐territorial approach allows to study, on many scales, the networks of social relations in which actors take part who are competing for the benefits that are created by human labor applied to producing certain foods and making them accessible to consumers. To show the value of the AFFA, we present a historical study of the agrifood field that was developed from the production of fresh fruits and vegetables in the Rio Grande Valley in South Texas and several regions of Mexico for the market in the United States and Canada. The concept of sociocultural brokerage allowed us to take into account the social and cultural plurality in the AFFA and the role played by the creativity and skills of the actors in managing the resources of knowledge, society, technology, and capital at their disposal. This way we were able to explain the dynamics of power and the changes in agrifood governance in the field.
Borrowing channels, purposes, and household investment and consumption: evidence from Nepal
Authors: Kondratjeva Olga 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDespite the expansion of the formal financial sector in recent decades, informal credit continues to play an important role in the financial lives of households in low‐income countries. Using panel data from nationally representative household surveys conducted in Nepal in 2003/04 and 2010/11, this paper investigates how borrowing from different channels (formal and informal) and for different purposes (production and consumption) is associated with household investment and consumption expenditure. Findings from a fixed effects regression analysis indicate that formal and informal loans are used to finance different spending needs, and intended credit purposes tend to reflect actual spending of borrowed funds. The level of household investment or consumption spending depends on the interaction between borrowing channels and purposes. This study can inform the efforts to improve household access to affordable and reliable financial services.
The effect of high‐intensity focused electromagnetic procedure on visceral adipose tissue: Retrospective assessment of computed tomography scans
Authors: Kent David E. , Kinney Brian M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundHigh levels of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) are associated with abdominal obesity and increased risk of metabolic deterioration. Recent studies showed that intensive physical exercise results in the reduction of subcutaneous and visceral fat.AimsThis study investigates the effect of supramaximal muscle contractions induced by a HIFEM procedure for abdominal VAT changes.MethodsComputed tomography (CT) scans of 22 subjects (47.3 ± 8.4 years, BMI of 23.5 ± 3.5 kg/m2) who received 8 HIFEM treatments of the abdomen (2‐3 days apart) were retrospectively evaluated for the changes in VAT. The CT scans were obtained at baseline and 1 month after the last treatment. The transverse slices at umbilical, infraumbilical, and supraumbilical levels were used to determine the cross‐sectional area (CSA) of VAT through a semi‐automated segmentation method.ResultsAnalysis of the CSA revealed a significant (P = .004) and uniform reduction of the abdominal VAT area by 14.3% (−16.7 cm2) from 110.6 ± 69.0 cm2 to 93.9 ± 54.6 cm2. In general, a higher relative improvement was seen infraumbilically (17.1%), followed by supraumbilical (15.5%) and umbilical (10.7%) levels. The reduction of VAT was strongly correlated to the reduction of subcutaneous fat (r(17) = 0.66; P = .002). A decrease in VAT volume contributed to the overall aesthetic enhancement visible on digital photographs.ConclusionsThe outcomes indicate that HIFEM technology has a positive effect on VAT. However, further studies are necessary to validate these outcomes and to clarify the exact mechanism of a VAT reduction. Based on our results, the HIFEM procedure may be a beneficial treatment option for patients with high VAT deposits.
Treatment of periorbital and perioral wrinkles with fractional Er:YAG laser: What are the effects of age, smoking, and Glogau stage?
Authors: Özkoca Defne , Aşkın Özge , Engin Burhan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundDynamic and static wrinkling are observed on the facial skin as a result of aging. Previously, it was showed that fractional Er:YAG laser was effective in the treatment of facial wrinkles.AimsThe aims of this study are to determine the effects of age, Glogau stage, and smoking status on the treatment efficacy of fractional Er:YAG laser; and to compare the success of laser treatment on periorbital wrinkles with perioral wrinkles.Material/MethodPeriorbital and perioral wrinkles of the same patient were treated with fractional Er:YAG laser (2940 nm) for 4 sessions with monthly intervals. Treatment parameters were affluence of 1.5J, a spot size of 7 mm, and a frequency of 5 Hz. Treatment efficacy was evaluated by a blinded physician evaluation scale and patient satisfaction scale 2 months after the final treatment session.ResultsFifteen patients completed the study. The mean age of the patients was 42.8 years. The blinded physician evaluation of the improvement in the periorbital wrinkles decreased (P =.034) and the patient satisfaction in perioral wrinkles decreased (P =.049) with increasing age. The relationship between smoking and patient satisfaction in the treatment of periorbital wrinkles was also statistically significant (P =.014). No difference in terms of treatment efficacy was found between periorbital and perioral regions.ConclusionFractional Er:YAG laser (2940 nm) is equally successful in the treatment of periorbital and perioral wrinkles. The treatment success decreases with smoking and increasing age.
Interventions to support autonomy, competence, and relatedness needs in organizations: A systematic review with recommendations for research and practice
Authors: Slemp Gavin R. , Lee Mark A. , Mossman Lara H. 
Published: February 2021

Organizational research underpinned by self‐determination theory (SDT) has grown substantially over the past decade. However, the effectiveness of interventions designed to promote support for basic psychological needs in organizations remains ill documented. We thus report the results of a qualitative systematic review and synthesis of SDT‐informed studies of interventions to cultivate autonomy, competence, and relatedness needs, and in turn, autonomous motivation in organizational contexts. Studies were included in the review if they evaluated the effect of interventions to develop autonomy‐, competence‐, or relatedness‐supportive work climates or leader behaviours. A systematic search yielded ten eligible field studies for inclusion: three randomized‐controlled trials and seven non‐randomized intervention studies (combined N = 2,337). Seven studies yielded mostly favourable effects, two yielded mixed effects, and one study showed no evidence of change post‐intervention. Substantial heterogeneity in intervention format and delivery existed across studies. Studies pointed towards possible moderators of effectiveness. Interventions were more effective at spawning change at the proximal (leader) level than at the distal (subordinate) level, though few studies tracked employees over time to comprehensively evaluate long‐term transfer. Bias assessments showed that risk of bias was moderate or high across studies. We discuss overall implications of the review and suggest several recommendations for future intervention research and practice.Practitioner points

Interventions to help leaders to support subordinates' basic psychological needs are effective in creating change in leader behaviour.

Intervention effects for subordinate outcomes are smaller and may take time to materialize.

Interventions tend to be more effective if they are aligned with organizational strategic needs, proactively consider unique work contexts, are endorsed by senior levels of management, and give preference to pedagogy that aligns with basic needs.
Lip‐closing pressure during food intake from a spoon in normal children
Authors: Sasakawa Yuki , Nakamura Yuki , Saitoh Issei , Nakajima Tsutomu , Tsukuno Saeko , Hozawa Mio , Sotome Tetsuya , Nogami Yukiko , Kurosawa Mie , Iwase Yoko , Hayashi Toyohiko , Hayasaki Haruaki 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundUnderstanding the refinement of self‐feeding skills is useful for the assessment of oral functional development in children.ObjectivesTo determine normative data on lip closing during food intake in the development of independent spoon‐feeding in normal children, we tested the hypothesis that lip‐closing pressure and spoon operation differ depending on food type.MethodsFifteen normal children (eight boys, seven girls; mean age: 6.5 years) were asked to eat test foods (2, 3 and 5 g of yogurt and cream cheese) freely with a spoon. Lip‐closing pressures and kinematic data on spoon operation were recorded simultaneously with a strain gauge transducer embedded in the spoon and Vicon motion analysis, respectively.ResultsIn the most common lip‐pressure pattern, only positive pressure was generated. In the second most common pattern, negative pressure occurred first, followed by positive pressure; this pattern was seen infrequently. Positive pressure (P < .001), pressure duration (P < .001) and spoon intra‐oral time (P < .05) during intake of cream cheese (an adhesive food) were significantly greater than those during intake of yogurt (a non‐adhesive food). Pressure onset occurred at the beginning of the spoon withdrawal period or at the turning point from spoon insertion to withdrawal, depending on the food.ConclusionsLip‐closing force and spoon operation varied depending on food type in preschool and early elementary school children. Our findings suggest the need to consider the importance of food diversity and to pay attention to the spoon withdrawal period when assessing the development and maturation of lip function.
Neonatal Golden Hour: A survey of Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network units' early stabilisation practices for very preterm infants
Authors: Hodgson Kate A , Owen Louise S , Lui Kei , Shah Vibhuti 
Published: February 2021

AimTo identify current ‘Golden Hour’ practices for initial stabilisation of very preterm infants <32 weeks' gestational age (GA) within tertiary neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in the Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network (ANZNN).MethodsA 76‐question survey regarding delivery room (DR) and NICU stabilisation practices was distributed electronically to directors of tertiary perinatal NICUs in the ANZNN in January 2019. Responses were categorised into GA subgroups: 23–24, 25–27 and 28–31 weeks' GA.ResultsThe response rate was 100% (24/24 units). Delayed cord clamping (DCC) was practised ‘always’ or ‘often’ by 21 units (88%). All units used oximetry to target oxygen saturations, and 23/24 (96%) commenced resuscitation in <40% oxygen.Ten units (42%) routinely used DR electrocardiography monitoring. CPAP was preferred as primary respiratory support in one‐third of units for infants born 23–24 weeks' GA, compared with 19 units (79%) at 25–27 weeks' GA and 23 units (96%) at 28–31 weeks' GA. DR skin‐to‐skin care was uncommon, particularly at lower GAs. Five units (21%) used minimally invasive surfactant therapy for non‐intubated infants at 23–24 weeks' GA, 13 units (54%) at 25–27 weeks' GA and 16 units (67%) at 28–31 weeks' GA.ConclusionsMost Golden Hour stabilisation practices align with international guidelines. Consistency exists with respect to DCC, oxygen saturation targeting and primary CPAP use for infants 25 weeks' GA and above. Where evidence is less certain, practices vary across ANZNN NICUs. Time targets for stabilisation measures may help standardise practice for this population.
Impact of continuous positive airway pressure mode on adherence to treatment in obstructive sleep apnea patients awaiting bariatric surgery
Authors: Kermelly Sophie B. , Lajoie Annie C. , Boucher Marie‐Eve , Sériès Frédéric 
Published: February 2021

SummaryObstructive sleep apnea is prevalent in the bariatric population, and is associated with various complications. Despite increasing popularity, automatic positive airway pressure has not yet been studied in this population. The objective was to compare treatment adherence between automatic positive airway pressure and fixed positive airway pressure (continuous positive airway pressure) in obstructive sleep apnea patients awaiting bariatric surgery. This randomized controlled trial involved obese patients newly diagnosed with severe obstructive sleep apnea and awaiting bariatric surgery. The primary outcome was the difference in adherence between automatic positive airway pressure and continuous positive airway pressure pre‐operatively. Secondary outcomes included positive airway pressure efficacy, adherence at 1 month, adverse effects, quality of life and peri‐operative complications. Analyses were conducted using a modified intention‐to‐treat methodology. Fifty patients were randomized. Baseline characteristics and duration of positive airway pressure therapy were comparable between groups. At the time of surgery, the percentage of overall nights positive airway pressure used was 96.9% [95% confidence interval: 93.5–100] and 86.0% [95% confidence interval: 66.9–100] in the automatic positive airway pressure and continuous positive airway pressure groups, respectively (p = .047). Average use was 6.3 hr per night [95% confidence interval: 5.1–7.2] and 5.9 hr per night [95% confidence interval: 3.0–8.8], with a difference of 0.4 hr favouring automatic positive airway pressure (p = .75). Nightly use ≥ 4 hr per night was 86.4% and 74.0% in the automatic positive airway pressure and fixed continuous positive airway pressure groups, respectively (p = .22). There were no statistically significant differences regarding adherence at 1 month, efficacy parameters, adverse effects, quality of life and peri‐operative complications. With no difference on the safety profile and efficiency parameters, treatment adherence is not improved with automatic positive airway pressure compared with fixed continuous positive airway pressure in obstructive sleep apnea patients awaiting bariatric surgery.
Association between nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy for hepatitis B and Sjögren’s syndrome: 15‐year analysis of the national database of Taiwan
Authors: Tung Chien‐Hsueh , Li Chung‐Yi , Chen Yen‐Chun , Chen Yi‐Chun 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been proposed to play a role in the development of Sjögren's syndrome. However, to date, there are no reports on the risk of SS in HBV‐infected patients following nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy. Due to Taiwan has higher prevalence of HBV infection and therapy was well recorded in the Taiwan's single‐payer national health insurance database, we hypothesized that a long‐term retrospective analysis of the risk of Sjögren's syndrome in HBV‐infected patients following nucleotide therapy will increase our understanding of Sjögren's syndrome development following HBV infection. We identified 26,147 adults diagnosed with HBV infection between 1997 and 2012 in claims data. Finally, a total of 3268 HBV‐infected patients who ever received nucleotide therapy (treated cohort) were frequency‐matched on age and sex at 1:4 ratios to select a control group of 13,072 counterparts without therapy (untreated cohort). To identify Sjögren's syndrome risk, competing risk analysis adjusted for all covariates was performed. The risk was significantly lower in the treated cohort (15‐year cumulative incidence, 2.4%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4%–3.7%) than in the untreated cohort (7.1%; 95% CI, 2.5%–15.2%) (p = .015), and the adjusted HR was 0.6 (95% CI, 0.41–0.88; p = .009). Multivariable stratified analysis further verified the consistent associations between nucleoside therapy and risk reduction of Sjögren's syndrome across all strata. Our finding suggests that HBV infection treated with nucleotides is associated with lower risk of Sjögren's syndrome, implying a potential role of HBV infection in the development of Sjögren's syndrome.
Factors associated with clinical interpretation of tracheal wash fluid from dogs with respiratory disease: 281 cases (2012‐2017)
Authors: Graham Amber M. , Tefft Karen M. , Stowe Devorah M. , Jacob Megan E. , Robertson James B. , Hawkins Eleanor C. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundClinicians face several dilemmas regarding tracheal washes (TWs) for the diagnosis of respiratory disease, including method and prediction of bacterial growth from cytology results.ObjectiveTo compare cytology and culture of endotracheal and transtracheal washes and identify factors associated with discordancy and bacterial growth.AnimalsTwo hundred forty‐five dogs with respiratory disease.MethodsRetrospective study. Tracheal wash submissions were included if cellularity was sufficient for cytologic interpretation and aerobic cultures were performed. Collection technique, cytology, bacterial growth, and antibiotic history were analyzed.ResultsFewer transtracheal specimens (9/144, 6.3%) were excluded for hypocellularity than endotracheal (28/174, 16.1%); otherwise, results were similar and were combined. Of 281 specimens with cellularity sufficient for interpretation, 97 (34.5%) had bacteria on cytology and 191 (68.0%) had bacterial growth. Cytology positive/culture negative discordancy was uncommon (8/97, 8%). Cytology negative/culture positive discordancy was frequent (102/184, 55.4%), but occurred less often (28/184, 14.2%) when only 1+ growth or greater was considered positive. Oropharyngeal contamination was associated with bacterial growth, but not discordancy. No association was found between antibiotic administration and bacterial growth.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceEndotracheal wash fluid, in particular, should be screened for gross mucus or turbidity to maximize the likelihood of an adequate specimen. Otherwise, endotracheal and transtracheal specimens were similar. Presence of bacteria on cytology was a good predictor of any growth, while their absence was a good predictor of the absence of growth of 1+ or more. Recent antibiotic usage should not discourage TW culture if there is compelling reason to avoid delay.
Dietary pattern and telomere length in preschool children in a middle‐income country
Authors: Meshkani Seyed Elyas , Kooshki Akram , Alahabadi Ahmad , Lari Najafi Moslem , Rad Abolfazl , Riahimanesh Forough , Miri Mohammad 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTelomere length (TL) has been associated with lifestyle and dietary pattern. However, the available evidence on this association in children is scarce, especially in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the association of dietary pattern and leukocyte TL (LTL) in preschool children, Sabzevar, Iran (2017). This cross‐sectional study was based on 187 preschool children (aged 5 to 7) recruited from 27 kindergartens. Nutrition information including amounts of consumed dairy products, meat and processed meat products, nuts and seeds, white bread and refined grains, fruits, vegetables, simple sugars, fats and drinks was obtained through a questionnaire. Linear mixed‐effects models were fitted with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) plate ID and kindergartens as random effects to estimate the association of each food group consumption with LTL, controlled for relevant covariates. Higher consumption of dairy products and sugar was associated with shorter LTL (β= −0.180, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.276, −0.085,Pvalue <0.001 andβ= −0.139, 95% CI: −0.193, −0.086,Pvalue <0.001, respectively). An increase in consumption of fish, nuts and seeds, coloured fruits, green leafy vegetables, cruciferous vegetables and olive was significantly associated with the increase in relative LTL. The associations for the consumption of legumes, other fruits, yellow and orange vegetables, red meat, egg, white bread and refined grains, solid and liquid fats, processed meats, potato chips, carbonated drinks, tea (black) and soft drinks groups were not statistically significant. Our findings showed that there was an association between the consumption of certain food groups with LTL.