bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Schizosaccharomyces pombe KAT5 contributes to resection and repair of a DNA double-strand break
Authors: Li Tingting , Petreaca Ruben C , Forsburg Susan L 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Chromatin remodeling is essential for effective repair of a DNA double-strand break (DSB). KAT5 (Schizosaccharomyces pombe Mst1, human TIP60) is a MYST family histone acetyltransferase conserved from yeast to humans that coordinates various DNA damage response activities at a DNA DSB, including histone remodeling and activation of the DNA damage checkpoint. In S. pombe, mutations in mst1+ causes sensitivity to DNA damaging drugs. Here we show that Mst1 is recruited to DSBs. Mutation of mst1+ disrupts recruitment of repair proteins and delays resection. These defects are partially rescued by deletion of pku70, which has been previously shown to antagonize repair by homologous recombination (HR). These phenotypes of mst1 are similar to pht1-4KR, a nonacetylatable form of histone variant H2A.Z, which has been proposed to affect resection. Our data suggest that Mst1 functions to direct repair of DSBs toward HR pathways by modulating resection at the DSB.
Gateway to Global Aging Data: Resources for Cross-National Comparisons of Family, Social Environment, and Healthy Aging
Authors: Lee Jinkook , Phillips Drystan , Wilkens Jenny ,   Gateway to Global Aging Data Team
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The Gateway to Global Aging Data (Gateway; g2aging.org) is a data and information platform developed to facilitate cross-country analyses on aging, especially those using the international family of Health and Retirement studies. We provide a brief introduction to the Gateway to Global Aging Data, discussing its potential for cross-national comparisons of family, social environment, and healthy aging.

Methods
We summarize the survey metadata, study characteristics, and harmonized data available from the Gateway, describing the population represented in each study. We portray cohort characteristics and key measures of health and social environment from 37 countries in North America, Europe, and Asia using harmonized data.

Results
Significant cross-country heterogeneity was observed in many measures of family, social environment, and healthy aging indicators. For example, there was a threefold difference in coresidence with children, ranging from 14% in Sweden to over 46% in Spain and Korea in 2014. From 2002 to 2014, the difference between informal care receipt in individuals of low and high wealth decreased by 6% in the United States and remained unchanged in England. The percentage of individuals aged 50–59 living alone in 2012 varied 15-fold, from a low of 2% in China to a high of 30% in Mexico.

Discussion
By partnering with nationally representative studies around the globe, the Gateway to Global Aging Data facilitates comparative research on aging through the provision of easy-to-use harmonized data files and other valuable tools.
Functional decline in emergency department patients with dyspnea: a register-based cohort
Authors: Larsen Karoline Stentoft Rybjerg , Lisby Marianne , Kirkegaard Hans , Petersen Annemette Krintel 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background
Functional decline is associated with frequent hospital admissions and elevated risk of death. Presumably, patients acutely admitted to hospital with dyspnea have a high risk of functional decline.

Objective
The aim of this study was to describe patient characteristics, hospital trajectory and use of physiotherapy services by dyspneic patients in an emergency department. The study also wanted to compare readmission and death among patients with and without a functional decline and to identify predictors of functional decline.

Methods
Data originated from a historic cohort of patients admitted to a Danish Emergency Department using prospectively collected electronic patient record data from a Business Intelligence Registry of the Central Denmark Region. The study included adult patients who were treated at the emergency department (ED) for dyspnea in 2015. The main outcome measures were readmission, death and functional decline.

Results
In total, 2048 dyspneic emergency treatments were registered. Within 30 days after discharge, 20% was readmitted and 3.9% had died. Patients with functional decline had a higher rate of 30-day readmission (31.2% vs. 19.1%, P &lt; 0.001) and mortality (9.3% vs. 3.6%, P = 0.009) as well as mortality within 1 year (36.1% vs. 13.4%, P &lt; 0.001). Predictors of functional decline were age ≥60 years and hospital stay ≥6 days.

Conclusion
Patients suffering from acute dyspnea are seen at the ED at all hours. In total, one in five patients were readmitted and 3.9% died within 30 days. Patients with a functional decline at discharge seem to be particularly vulnerable.
AACC Guidance Document on Laboratory Investigation of Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: El-Khoury Joe M , Hoenig Melanie P , Jones Graham R D , Lamb Edmund J , Parikh Chirag R , Tolan Nicole V , Wilson F Perry 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a sudden episode of kidney damage or failure affecting up to 15% of hospitalized patients and is associated with serious short- and long-term complications, mortality, and health care costs. Current practices to diagnose and stage AKI are variable and do not factor in our improved understanding of the biological and analytical variability of creatinine. In addition, the emergence of biomarkers, for example, cystatin C, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2, and electronic notification tools for earlier detection of AKI, highlights the need for updated recommendations to address these developments.

Content
This AACC Academy guidance document is intended to provide laboratorians and clinicians up-to-date information regarding current best practices for the laboratory investigation of AKI. Topics covered include: clinical indications for further investigating potential AKI, analytical considerations for creatinine assays, the impact of biological variability on diagnostic thresholds, defining “baseline” creatinine, role of traditional markers (urine sodium, fractional excretion of sodium, fractional excretion of urea, and blood urea-to-creatinine ratio), urinary microscopic examination, new biomarkers, improving AKI-associated test utilization, and the utility of automated AKI alerts.

Summary
The previous decade brought us a significant number of new studies characterizing the performance of existing and new biomarkers, as well as potential new tools for early detection and notification of AKI. This guidance document is intended to inform clinicians and laboratorians on the best practices for the laboratory investigation of AKI, based on expert recommendations where the preponderance of evidence is available.
Validation of the PhageDx™ Listeria Assay for Detection of Listeria Spp. on Stainless Steel and Ceramic Environmental Surfaces AOAC Performance Tested MethodSM 102005
Authors: Nguyen Minh M , Gil Jose , Hahn Wendy , Dong Thai , Paulson John , Stevens Dustin , Zahn Henriett , Zimmer Brinna , Erickson Stephen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background
The PhageDx™ Listeria Assay is a simple, specific, and sensitive assay based on the infection of Listeria spp. by selected bacteriophages and the resultant expression of a luciferase reporter gene. Results are generated in as little as 24.5 h for stainless steel and ceramic environmental surfaces.

Objective
An AOAC Performance Tested MethodsSM (PTM) study was conducted to validate the PhageDx Listeria Assay for the detection of Listeria on stainless steel and ceramic surfaces.

Method
The performance of the PhageDx method was compared to that of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Bacterial Analytical Manual (BAM) Ch. 10. Inclusivity/exclusivity, product consistency and stability, and robustness testing also were conducted.

Results
Inclusivity testing demonstrated that the reporter bacteriophages were specific for Listeria ssp. and detected 58/61 Listeria strains tested, including all 34 L. monocytogenes strains. The reporter bacteriophage also was shown to not detect 46/47 non-Listeria bacteria in exclusivity testing. Robustness testing showed that the method performed well with specific deviations from the standard protocol. Consistency and stability testing demonstrated that the recombinant phage gave consistent results across three production lots and was stable when stored under appropriate conditions for at least 6 months. Matrix studies on stainless steel and ceramic surfaces showed that there was no significant difference between the PhageDx Listeria Assay and the FDA/BAM Chapter 10 reference method.

Conclusions and Highlights
The validation study demonstrates that the PhageDx Listeria Assay is an effective method for the detection of Listeria spp. on stainless steel and ceramic environmental surfaces and meets the qualifications for AOAC PTM status.
iSAM2 using CUR matrix decomposition for data compression and analysis
Authors: Jang Wangseok , Kim Tae-wan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We introduce a factorization method to increase the calculation speed of incremental smoothing and mapping using Bayes tree (iSAM2), which is used in the back-end stage of simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM), and to analyse the cause of the associated estimation error. iSAM2 is the method most commonly used to increase the accuracy of SLAM and shorten the calculation time required in real dense situations. In this paper, we describe the application of CUR matrix decomposition to iSAM2’s sparse linear system solver. CUR matrix decomposition is one of the low-rank matrix decomposition methods. It consists of matrices C and R, which are sets of columns and rows of the original matrix, and matrix U, which approximates the original matrix. Because of the characteristics of CUR matrix decomposition, it is possible to effectively approximate the sparse information matrix. Also, using principal component analysis, it is possible to identify the factors that increase or decrease the estimation error. We confirmed the feasibility of the proposed analysis method by applying it to real datasets and obtaining estimation errors similar to those obtained with iSAM2.
Quantitative calculation method of the collision risk for collision avoidance in ship navigation using the CPA and ship domain
Authors: Ha Jisang , Roh Myung-Il , Lee Hye-Won 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Collision risk (CR) assessment is necessary for avoiding collisions with other ships. The CR can be used to make decisions on collision avoidance. In this respect, the ship domain and the closest point of approach (CPA)-based methods have been proposed to assess the CRs. However, the ship domain method is limited in terms of the quantitative calculation of the CR, whereas the CPA-based method does not guarantee reliable collision avoidance. In this study, an improved method is proposed for the quantitative calculation of the CR in ship navigation that combines the advantages of two existing methods. The proposed method calculates the CR using the CPA and defines the ship domain as a critical value of the CR to ensure reliable collision avoidance. In this process, the CR value of another ship on the boundary of the ship domain is calculated as 1, which implies that collision occurs, and the coefficients for the CR calculation are adjusted considering the distance from the ship domain. Furthermore, the manoeuvring performance and the heading angle of the ships are considered in the calculation of the CR. To evaluate the proposed method, it is applied to various examples, including a comparison with previous methods. The results show that the proposed method can be used to obtain a quantitative CR for collision avoidance.
Bernat Klein and High Sunderland: Displacement, Design and the Meanings of Home
Authors: Anderson Fiona 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This article presents an up-to-date account of the life and work of the Yugoslavian textile designer and design consultant Bernat Klein (1922–2014). In the 1960s, he became internationally successful, because of his innovative use of colour in textiles for fashion and interiors. Based in part upon oral history interviews with Klein, the article helps us better understand him, not only as a foreigner in Mandatory Palestine and the UK, but also as a particular type of modernist. It pays focused attention to the house known as High Sunderland that was commissioned by Klein and his wife and designed by the British modernist architect Peter Womersley (1923–1993), including examining internal changes made as the Klein family lived in it. This essay engages and contrasts with the limited number of scholarly publications on this house, which have tended to take a singular view of it as an important example of British post-war domestic modernist architecture. It analyses the complex interconnections between High Sunderland as a modernist space reflecting Womersley and Klein’s shared aesthetic values, and as a family home that Klein was deeply attached to, emotionally and psychologically.
An improved LTI algorithm for multiphase raytracing in undulating surface model
Authors: Wang Huaming , Wang Di , Bai Chaoying 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Based on the linear traveltime interpolation (LTI) algorithm, we propose an improved LTI (referred as ILTI) algorithm for multiphase seismic ray tracing, which uses a velocity node in model parameterization and introduces secondary nodes between adjacent velocity nodes. To better fit the undulating surface model, an irregular velocity node is used in near the irregular interface, and regular velocity nodes are still used in the region far away from the irregular interface. We derive an iterative fixed-point formula for calculating traveltime. By combining multistage computational technology and wavefront narrowband expansion technology, the proposed ILTI algorithm can efficiently trace the multiphase seismic raypath and compute the corresponding traveltime field. Through comparison and analysis with the traditional LTI algorithm, its computational accuracy can be highlighted by at least one order of magnitude. Compared with the popular fast marching method (FMM) and irregular shortest-path (ISPM) algorithms, it also has the advantages in terms of computational accuracy and efficiency. Numerical simulations in the Marmousi model show that the algorithm is also suitable for tracking multiphase seismic rays in the complex velocity model.
Progression of Sugarberry (Celtis laevigata) Dieback and Mortality in the Southeastern United States
Authors: Poole Emilee M , Ulyshen Michael D , Horn Scott , Anderson Patrick , Bates Chip , Barnes Chris 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe southeastern United States has been experiencing unexplained sugarberry (Celtis laevigata) mortality for over a decade, representing one of the most severe and widespread Celtis mortality episodes ever reported from North America. Here we describe external symptoms, progression of mortality, and the known geographic extent of the problem. More than half of all trees monitored at one site within the affected area died over five years of observation. Although many trees died within a year of first exhibiting symptoms (e.g., small yellow leaves, branch dieback, premature leaf fall), many others continued living for years after becoming symptomatic. A preliminary insecticide trial found no improvements in survivorship among trees treated with insecticides, emamectin benzoate and imidacloprid, relative to control trees. Our findings suggest the problem will likely continue and become more widespread in the coming years.
Complete resection of a huge parapharyngeal lesion without neurovascular injuries poses a big challenge
Authors: Hammed Ali , Alassaf Areeg , Hammed Salah , Issa Hala 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common salivary gland neoplasm, accounting for 63% of all parotid gland tumors.
Most tumors originate in the superficial lobe but, more rarely, these tumors may involve the deep lobe of the parotid gland, growing medially and occupying the parapharyngeal space (PPS).
Our case presents a 48-year-old man with an extremely huge recurrent parapharyngeal lesion that bulging in the nasopharynx and the oropharynx and significantly comprised the airways.
Surgery was planned to approach the deeper lobe of parotid gland and para-pharyngeal mass by transparotid, transmandibular swing approach.
Histopathological examination revealed the features suggestive of pleomorphic adenoma. The patient was discharged after 9 days with no facial nerve deficit.
Management of these tumors is more challenging due to the anatomical location of the para-pharyngeal space.
Preoperative definitive diagnosis, with tumor typing, is less important, and incisional biopsy of any PPS mass should definitely be avoided, in order not to run the risk of a significantly higher rate of recurrence.
Strong low-frequency radio flaring from Cygnus X-3 observed with LOFAR
Authors: Broderick J W , Russell T D , Fender R P , Trushkin S A , Green D A , Chauhan J , Nizhelskij N A , Tsybulev P G , Bursov N N , Shevchenko A V , Pooley G G , Williams D R A , Bright J S , Rowlinson A , Corbel S 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
We present Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR) 143.5-MHz radio observations of flaring activity during 2019 May from the X-ray binary Cygnus X-3. Similar to radio observations of previous outbursts from Cygnus X-3, we find that this source was significantly variable at low frequencies, reaching a maximum flux density of about 5.8 Jy. We compare our LOFAR light curve with contemporaneous observations taken at 1.25 and 2.3 GHz with the RATAN-600 telescope, and at 15 GHz with the Arcminute Microkelvin Imager (AMI) Large Array. The initial 143.5-MHz flux density level, ∼2 Jy, is suggested to be the delayed and possibly blended emission from at least some of the flaring activity that had been detected at higher frequencies before our LOFAR observations had begun. There is also evidence of a delay of more than 4 d between a bright flare that initially peaked on May 6 at 2.3 and 15 GHz, and the corresponding peak (≳ 5.8 Jy) at 143.5 MHz. From the multifrequency light curves, we estimate the minimum energy and magnetic field required to produce this flare to be roughly 1044 erg and 40 mG, respectively, corresponding to a minimum mean power of ∼1038 erg s−1. Additionally, we show that the broadband radio spectrum evolved over the course of our observing campaign; in particular, the two-point spectral index between 143.5 MHz and 1.25 GHz transitioned from being optically thick to optically thin as the flare simultaneously brightened at 143.5 MHz and faded at GHz frequencies.
WISDOM project – VII. Molecular gas measurement of the supermassive black hole mass in the elliptical galaxy NGC 7052
Authors: Smith Mark D , Bureau Martin , Davis Timothy A , Cappellari Michele , Liu Lijie , Onishi Kyoko , Iguchi Satoru , North Eve V , Sarzi Marc , Williams Thomas G 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Supermassive black hole (SMBH) masses can be measured by resolving the dynamical influences of the SMBHs on tracers of the central potentials. Modern long-baseline interferometers have enabled the use of molecular gas as such a tracer. We present here Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of the elliptical galaxy NGC 7052 at 0${^{\prime\prime}_{.}}$11 ($37\,$pc) resolution in the 12CO(2-1) line and $1.3\,$ mm continuum emission. This resolution is sufficient to resolve the region in which the potential is dominated by the SMBH. We forward model these observations, using a multi-Gaussian expansion of a Hubble Space Telescope F814W image and a spatially constant mass-to-light ratio to model the stellar mass distribution. We infer an SMBH mass of $2.5\pm 0.3\times 10^{9}\, \mathrm{M_\odot }$ and a stellar I-band mass-to-light ratio of $4.6\pm 0.2\, \mathrm{M_\odot /L_{\odot ,I}}$ (3σ confidence intervals). This SMBH mass is significantly larger than that derived using ionized gas kinematics, which however appears significantly more kinematically disturbed than the molecular gas. We also show that a central molecular gas deficit is likely to be the result of tidal disruption of molecular gas clouds due to the strong gradient in the central gravitational potential.
Dynamics of Adaptation During Three Years of Evolution Under Long-Term Stationary Phase
Authors: Katz Sophia , Avrani Sarit , Yavneh Meitar , Hilau Sabrin , Gross Jonathan , Hershberg Ruth 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Many bacterial species that cannot sporulate, such as the model bacterium Escherichia coli, can nevertheless survive for years, following exhaustion of external resources, in a state termed long-term stationary phase (LTSP). Here we describe the dynamics of E. coli adaptation during the first three years spent under LTSP. We show that during this time, E. coli continuously adapts genetically through the accumulation of mutations. For nonmutator clones, the majority of mutations accumulated appear to be adaptive under LTSP, reflected in an extremely convergent pattern of mutation accumulation. Despite the rapid and convergent manner in which populations adapt under LTSP, they continue to harbor extensive genetic variation. The dynamics of evolution of mutation rates under LTSP are particularly interesting. The emergence of mutators affects overall mutation accumulation rates as well as the mutational spectra and the ultimate spectrum of adaptive alleles acquired under LTSP. With time, mutators can evolve even higher mutation rates through the acquisition of additional mutation rate–enhancing mutations. Different mutator and nonmutator clones within a single population and time point can display extreme variation in their mutation rates, resulting in differences in both the dynamics of adaptation and their associated deleterious burdens. Despite these differences, clones that vary greatly in their mutation rates tend to coexist within their populations for many years, under LTSP.