bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic factors of T2aN0M0 (T3‐4cmN0M0, stage IB) non‐small‐cell lung cancer after surgery: Single‐center real‐world research
Authors: Liu Lei , Zhang Jiaqi , Wang Guige , Zhao Ke , Guo Chao , Chen Yeye , Huang Cheng , Li Shanqing 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimTo further elucidate the prognostic factors of non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with T2aN0M0 (stage IB) who underwent surgical treatment.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the data of stage IB NSCLC patients who underwent surgical treatment at our center from October 2013 to September 2016. Eighty patients were enrolled. We analyzed their overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) using the Kaplan–Meier method.ResultsIn univariable analysis, adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) was significantly associated with inferior DFS (p = 0.036, p = 0.037) and OS (p = 0.001, p = 0.003) in all stage IB patients and those who only accepted surgery. Patients with a number of N2 lymph node dissections of ≥3 regions (N2‐LSNDr) exhibited better DFS (p = 0.020, p = 0.005) and OS (p = 0.003, p = 0.001) in all stage IB patients and those who only accepted surgery. In addition, advanced age (≥70 years old) is an adverse factor for DFS (p = 0.049) and OS (p = 0.018) among patients who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy following surgery. In multivariable analyses, patients with N2‐LSNDr exhibited a longer OS (p = 0.045) in all enrolled patients; patients with N2‐LSNDr (p = 0.016) and younger age (p = 0.021) demonstrated a superior OS in patients who only received surgery.ConclusionsWe found that N2‐LSNDr were independent influencing factors affecting the prognosis in all included stage IB patients and stage IB patients without adjuvant chemotherapy. ASC was associated with worse prognosis of T2aN0M0 NSCLC. Older age is an independent prognostic factor of the worst OS in stage IB patients without adjuvant chemotherapy.
Influence of alcohol and acetaldehyde on cognitive function: findings from an alcohol clamp study in healthy young adults
Authors: Ueno Fumihiko , Matsushita Sachio , Hara Sachiko , Oshima Shunji , Roh Sungwon , Ramchandani Vijay A. , Mimura Masaru , Uchida Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimsTo investigate the acute effects of intravenous alcohol and its metabolite acetaldehyde on cognitive function in healthy individuals.DesignExperimental pre‐test/post‐test design.SettingKurihama Medical and Addiction Center, Japan.ParticipantsA total of 298 healthy Japanese people age 20 to 24 years.MeasurementsParticipants underwent an intravenous alcohol infusion with a target blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.50 mg/mL for 180 minutes. Participants completed the continuous performance test (CPT) for sustained attention, the paced auditory serial addition test (PASAT) for working memory, and the reaction time test (RTT) for speed/accuracy, along with the blood test for BAC and blood acetaldehyde concentration (BAAC) at baseline, 60 and 180 minutes.FindingsAlthough the target BAC was maintained during the infusion, BAAC peaked at 30 minutes and then gradually declined (η2 = 0.18, P < 0.01). The CPT scores worsened, and the changes between 0 and 60 minutes were correlated with BAAC (correct detection, η2 = 0.09, P < 0.01; r = −0.34, P < 0.01; omission errors, η2 = 0.08, P < 0.01; r = 0.34, P < 0.01). PASAT scores improved through 180 minutes, whereas the changes between 0 and 60 minutes were negatively correlated with BAAC (task one, η2 = 0.02, P < 0.01; r = −0.25, P < 0.01; task two, η2 = 0.03, P < 0.01; r = −0.28, P < 0.01). Although RTTs worsened, they were not associated with BAC or BAAC. None of these comparisons maintained the time effect after controlling for body height.ConclusionsAcetaldehyde exposure following acute intravenous alcohol appears to have a negative impact on sustained attention and working memory, whereas there seems to be only a minor effect of moderate alcohol concentration on speed and accuracy.
The effect of air pollution on COVID‐19 severity in a sample of patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Bergamaschi Roberto , Ponzano Marta , Schiavetti Irene , Carmisciano Luca , Cordioli Cinzia , Filippi Massimo , Radaelli Marta , Immovilli Paolo , Capobianco Marco , De Rossi Nicola , Brichetto Giampaolo , Cocco Eleonora , Scandellari Cinzia , Cavalla Paola , Pesci Ilaria , Zito Antonio , Confalonieri Paolo , Marfia Girolama Alessandra , Perini Paola , Inglese Matilde , Trojano Maria , Brescia Morra Vincenzo , Pisoni Enrico , Tedeschi Gioacchino , Comi Giancarlo , Battaglia Mario Alberto , Patti Francesco , Salvetti Marco , Sormani Maria Pia ,   MuSC‐19 study group
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeSome studies have shown that air pollution, often assessed by thin particulate matter with diameter below 2.5 µg/m3 (PM2.5), may contribute to severe COVID‐19 courses, as well as play a role in the onset and evolution of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the impact of air pollution on COVID‐19 has never been explored specifically amongst patients with MS (PwMS). This retrospective observational study aims to explore associations between PM2.5 and COVID‐19 severity amongst PwMS.MethodsData were retrieved from an Italian web‐based platform (MuSC‐19) which includes PwMS with COVID‐19. PM2.5 2016–2018 average concentrations were provided by the Copernicus Atmospheric Monitoring Service. Italian patients inserted in the platform from 15 January 2020 to 9 April 2021 with a COVID‐19 positive test were included. Ordered logistic regression models were used to study associations between PM2.5 and COVID‐19 severity.ResultsIn all, 1087 patients, of whom 13% required hospitalization and 2% were admitted to an intensive care unit or died, were included. Based on the multivariate analysis, higher concentrations of PM2.5 increased the risk of worse COVID‐19 course (odds ratio 1.90; p = 0.009).ConclusionsEven if several other factors explain the unfavourable course of COVID‐19 in PwMS, the role of air pollutants must be considered and further investigated.
Recurrent tetanus in a donkey
Authors: Kay G. , Souhail M. L. , Mazan M. 
Published: November 2021

Summary
This report describes a case of a non‐lethal tetanus in a donkey that re‐presented 9 months after discharge with a second episode of tetanus. This is the first time “recurrent” tetanus has been reported in equids, although it is a recognised, albeit rare occurrence in humans. This case illustrates the fact that natural infection did not confer immunity in this particular donkey. This highlights the importance of tetanus toxoid vaccination even for animals that recover from the disease.
Exercise dose on hepatic fat and cardiovascular health in adolescents with excess of adiposity
Authors: González‐Ruíz Katherine , Correa‐Bautista Jorge Enrique , Izquierdo Mikel , García‐Hermoso Antonio , Martínez‐Vizcaíno Vicente , Lobelo Felipe , González‐Jiménez Emilio , Schmidt‐RioValle Jacqueline , Correa‐Rodríguez María , Fernández‐Irigoyen Joaquín , Palomino‐Echeverría Sara , Santamaría Enrique , Ramírez‐Vélez Robinson 
Published: November 2021

SummaryObjectiveThe HEPAFIT study was aimed at examining the impact of a 6‐month physical education intervention, considering various levels of exercise intensity, on hepatic fat and cardiometabolic health outcomes in adolescents with excess adiposity.MethodsAdolescents (n = 120), 11–17 years with excess adiposity by body fat >30%, were randomly assigned to one of the following 4 groups for 6 months: (1) standard physical education lessons, control (CTRL); (2) high‐intensity physical education (HIPE); (3) low‐to‐moderate intensity physical education (LIPE) and (4) combined HIPE and LIPE (PLUS). The primary outcome was hepatic fat content measured by vibration‐controlled transient elastography (controlled attenuation parameter [CAP]). Secondary outcomes were traditional cardiovascular health markers (body composition, serum lipids, aminotransferases and health‐related physical fitness components).ResultsAdjusted mixed effects linear models revealed a significant decrease in CAP levels in HIPE (−20.02 dB/m, p < 0.0001) (p = 0.001 vs. CTRL group) and PLUS (−16.25 dB/m, p = 0.005) groups. Body fat decreased in the HIPE (−2.88%, p < 0.001) (p = 0.001 vs. CTRL group) and LIPE (−1.26%, p = 0.022) groups. The physical fitness components were increased in the HIPE and PLUS group relative to the baseline (p < 0.05), and the HIPE group showed a reduction in the total cholesterol and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) levels (p < 0.05).ConclusionsImplementation of a 6‐month physical education exercise program, particularly high‐intensity or combined high and low‐intensity, improves hepatic fat storage and significantly reduces cardiometabolic markers in adolescents with excess of adiposity. Interventions involving supervised physical exercise may help to improve metabolism and fat deposition at the hepatic level, thus preventing the development of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease in adolescents.
Reflections from a System Chief Nursing Executive: Intention to lead
Authors: Acorn Michelle 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe integration and utilization of Chief Nurses (CNs) to lead and support complex health systems and health workforce optimization in governments, nongovernmental organizations, and across all health and social sectors is of paramount importance. At a time when the global nursing profession is challenged with a strained workforce and a growing leadership gap, it is essential that we examine and pay attention to the importance of the CN role. To attain universal health coverage, sustainable development goals, and global health, the need for the right number and a well‐prepared nursing workforce is evident. While nursing recruitment and retention are key for system sustainability, it requires the right governance, leadership, infrastructure, and resources. A System CN can lead, advise, and impact the success of the nursing workforce in collaboration with senior leadership teams. At this time of major health challenges, too many health and social systems, both at government and nongovernmental levels, do not have a CN at all, or the role is delegated to a staff position with limited ability to impact the system on the local, regional, national, and global scale. Recruitment and investments targeting CNs are required to resuscitate, stabilize, and invigorate knowledgeable leaders who can transform, inspire, and maximize nursing contributions to assure access and quality healthcare. My personal and professional CN journey is highlighted here as an illustration for nurses who lead formally and informally, as they contemplate their own current and future ambitions and contributions.
Risk factors for heel pressure injury in cardiovascular intensive care unit patients
Authors: Lee Hyeon Jeong , Han Min Young , Hwang Jung Hwa , Park Kang Ju , Shin Kyung Min , Kim Eun Sil , Lee Hyea Jung , Lim Arum , Han Eun Jin , Park Ju Yeon , Jang Yeon Soo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study analyzed the risk factors for heel pressure injury in cardiovascular intensive care unit patients with the aim of laying the groundwork for preventive nursing interventions. We conducted a retrospective case‐control study of 92 patients who were admitted to the cardiovascular surgical or medical intensive care unit of a university hospital in South Korea between January and December 2017. Of these patients, 31 and 61 were included to the heel pressure injury group and the non‐heel pressure injury group, respectively. Data on their demographic, disease‐related, and intensive care unit treatment characteristics, as well as the degree of pressure injury, were collected from the hospital's electronic medical records using a standardized form. Cardiac surgery (P < .001), operation time (P = .001), use of a mechanical ventilator (P < .001), use of vasoconstrictors (P < .001), use of sedative drugs (P < .001), and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation treatment (P < .001) were identified as significant risk factors for heel pressure injury. A total of 22 patients (71%) from the heel pressure injury group developed deep tissue injury, and 16 patients (51.6%) who received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation treatment developed heel pressure injury.
Effect of grape pomace from red cultivar 'Nero d’Avola' on the microbiological, physicochemical, phenolic profile and sensory aspects of ovine Vastedda-like stretched cheese
Authors: Barbaccia Pietro , Busetta Gabriele , Barbera Marcella , Alfonzo Antonio , Garofalo Giuliana , Francesca Nicola , Moscarelli Angelo , Moschetti Giancarlo , Settanni Luca , Gaglio Raimondo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Aims
The purpose of this study was to functionalize an ovine stretched cheese belonging to 'Vastedda' typology with red grape pomace powder (GPP) of Nero d’Avola cultivar and to characterize the microbiological, physicochemical, phenolic profile and sensory characteristics of the final cheeses.

Methods and Results
Before cheeses production, GPP was characterized for its microbiological profile, antibacterial activity and polyphenolic content. No colonies of bacteria and yeasts were detected in the GPP. GPP showed a large inhibition spectrum against spoilage and pathogenic bacteria. Three classes of polyphenolic compounds belonging to flavan-3-ols, flavonol and phenolic acids were identified. Two cheeses [0 and 1% (w w−1) of GPP] were produced with pasteurized ewe's milk and commercial starter cultures. Plate counts and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis demonstrated the ability of the starter strains to drive the fermentation process in the presence of GPP. GPP enrichment resulted in an increase of protein, phenolic compounds, sensory traits and reduced fat.

Conclusions
GPP addition to cheese represents an optimal strategy for the valorization of winemaking by-products and to obtain polyphenol-enriched cheese.

Significance and Impact of the Study
This study allowed to achieve an ovine cheese with specific physicochemical, nutraceutical and sensorial characteristics able to enlarge the functional dairy product portfolio.
CD155/TIGIT signaling regulates the effector function of tumor‐infiltrating CD8+ T cell by NF‐κB pathway in colorectal cancer
Authors: Li Shanshan , Ding Jihu , Wang Ying , Wang Xianling , Lv Lin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackground and AimCD155/T‐cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT) suppressed anti‐cancer immunity in several cancers, but its roles in colorectal cancer (CRC) were not clear. Here, we investigated its roles in CRC.MethodsThe percentages of CD8+ T cells expressing TIGIT and secreting cytokines (IL‐2, TNF‐α, and IFNγ) were evaluated by flow cytometry. The expression level of CD155 was determined by western blot and immunohistochemistry. The levels of cytokines were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The activation of the nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB) pathway was examined by western blot and immunofluorescent assay.ResultsT‐cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain was overexpressed on CD8+ T cells of CRC patients and mice. CD155 was overexpressed in mice CRC tissues and cells. The addition of CD155 recombinant protein could decrease the percentages of CD8+ T cells secreting cytokines. Blocking TIGIT could increase the percentages of cytokine‐secreting CD8+ T cells. Coculturing with CD155‐knockdown CRC cells could upregulate the percentages of CD8+ T cells secreting cytokines. Blocking TIGIT partially counteracted the effect of the knockdown of CD155. Besides, coculturing with CD155‐knockdown CRC cells could promote the secretion of cytokines, activate the NF‐κB pathway, and enhance the nuclear translocation of p65. And these effects were counteracted by the application of an NF‐κB inhibitor. Finally, blocking TIGIT played anti‐cancer roles such as suppression of tumor growth, increasing the percentages of cytokine‐secreting CD8+ T cells and activation of the NF‐κB signaling pathway.ConclusionSuppressing CD155/TIGIT exerted anti‐cancer effects against CRC, and our findings provided a potential therapeutic approach to treat CRC.
Levonorgestrel intrauterine system for the treatment of intermenstrual spotting in patients with previous cesarean delivery scar defect
Authors: Ou Yu‐Che , Chen Ying‐Yi , Lan Kuo‐Chung , Tsai Ching‐Chang , Chu Li‐Ching , Cheng Ling‐Yun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimTo evaluate the efficacy of levonorgestrel 52 mg intrauterine system for intermenstrual bleeding in patients with previous cesarean delivery scar defects (PCDSs).MethodsThe medical records of 28 consecutive patients with previous cesarean delivery scar defect and intermenstrual bleeding who had undergone conservative treatment with levonorgestrel 52 mg intrauterine system were reviewed. The efficacy of treatment and frequency of adverse events were measured retrospectively.ResultsAfter 1 year of treatment, 22 patients (78.6%) reported an improvement in symptoms. The mean duration of menstruation were 18 and 5 days before and after treatment, respectively. No uterine perforations or pelvic inflammatory diseases occurred during or after the insertion procedures. Eighteen (64.3%) patients did not experience any adverse events, and the patients with adverse events reported that they could be managed by adjusting their medications or observation.ConclusionLevonorgestrel intrauterine system may have a role in the safe and effective management of intermenstrual spotting in patients with PCDSs.
How does work impact daily sleep quality? A within‐individual study using actigraphy and self‐reports over the retirement transition
Authors: Garefelt Johanna , Gershagen Sara , Kecklund Göran , Westerlund Hugo , Platts Loretta. G. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study examined how the cessation of work at retirement affects daily measures of actigraphy‐measured and self‐rated sleep quality. Time in bed or asleep and stress at bedtime were examined as potential mechanisms. In total 117 employed participants who were aged 60–72 years and planned to retire soon were recruited to the Swedish Retirement Study. Sleep quality was measured in a baseline week using accelerometers, diaries, and questionnaires. Subjective sleep measures were sleep quality, restless sleep, restorative sleep, getting enough sleep, estimated wake after sleep onset, difficulties falling asleep, too early final awakening, and difficulties waking up. Actigraphy measures were sleep efficiency, wake after sleep onset, and average awakening length. After 1 and 2 years, the measurements were repeated for the now retired participants. Daily variations in sleep quality before and after retirement were analysed using multilevel modelling, with time in bed or asleep and stress at bedtime as potential mediators. We found that several self‐reports of sleep improved (e.g., +0.2 standard deviations for sleep quality and +0.5 standard deviations for restorative sleep) while objective sleep quality remained unchanged or decreased slightly with retirement (e.g., −0.8% for sleep efficiency). Increased time in bed or asleep and stress at bedtime accounted partially for the improvements in self‐rated sleep quality at retirement. In conclusion, actigraph‐measured and self‐reported sleep quality do not change in concert at retirement, highlighting the interest of studying both outcomes. The main effects of retirement from work concern subjective experiences of recovery more than sleep qualityper se.
Light noble gas records and cosmic ray exposure histories of recent ordinary chondrite falls
Authors: Smith Thomas , He Huaiyu , Li Shijie , Ranjith P. M. , Su Fei , Gattacceca Jérôme , Braucher Régis ,   ASTER‐Team
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe measured noble gas concentrations and isotopic ratios (He, Ne, and Ar isotopes) in six recent ordinary chondrite falls: Mangui (L6), Viñales (L6), Ozerki (L6), Tamdakht (H5), Kheneg Ljouâd (LL5/6), and Katol (L6). Among them, the three L6 chondrites Mangui, Viñales, and Ozerki fell in only a few months' interval; their apparent similar petrographic and mineralogic characteristics might indicate source crater pairing. To test this hypothesis, we have investigated those meteorites for their cosmic ray exposure (CRE) histories, using the cosmogenic noble gases3He,21Ne, and38Ar. We systematically (re)calculated the CRE ages as well as the gas retention ages of these meteorites. The CRE age of the Mangui is, based on noble gases, <1 Ma, which is unusually short for an L chondrite. Indeed, the range of exposure ages for L chondrites is generally distributed between ˜1 and ˜60 Ma, with major peaks occurring around ˜5, ˜30, and ˜40 Ma. In addition, the cosmogenic3Hecosdata of two Mangui duplicates are consistent with a remarkably high loss of helium by diffusion due to heating by solar radiation. Such a short parent body‐Earth transfer time (<1 Ma) can be explained by a delivery from an Earth‐crossing object. Regarding the other L6 chondrites, Viñales has a nominal CRE age of ˜9.4 Ma, whereas the Ozerki meteorite has a nominal CRE age of ˜1.2 Ma, which is consistent with Korochantseva et al. (2019). Based on their CRE ages as well as on their gas retention ages, it appears that none of these three recent L6 chondrite falls are source crater paired, and therefore, all three originate from different meteoroids. The nominal exposure ages of Tamdakht, Kheneg Ljouâd, and Katol are ˜3.2, ˜11, and ˜30 Ma, respectively, and are consistent with identified age peaks on the exposure age histogram of H, LL, and L chondrites, respectively. The nominal CRE age of Tamdakht is consistent with previous observations for H chondrites and implies that they are dominated by small impact events occurring in several parent bodies.
Genome editing using a DNA‐free clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats‐Cas9 system in green seaweed Ulva prolifera
Authors: Ichihara Kensuke , Yamazaki Tomokazu , Kawano Shigeyuki 
Published: November 2021

SUMMARYAlthough the green seaweed Ulva is one of the most common seaweeds in the coastal regions with well‐studied ecological characteristics, few reverse genetic technologies have been developed for it. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)‐Cas9 system is a simple genome‐editing technology based on a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex composed of an endonuclease and programmable RNA to target particular DNA sequences. Genome editing makes it possible to generate mutations on a target gene in non‐model organisms without established transgenic technologies. In this study, we applied the CRISPR‐Cas9 RNP genome‐editing system to the green seaweed Ulva prolifera, using polyethylene glycol (PEG)‐mediated transfection. Our experimental system disrupts a single gene (UpAPT) encoding adenine phosphoribosyl transferase (APT) and generates a resistant phenotype for gametophytes cultured in a medium with toxic compound 2‐fluoroadenine. The PEG‐mediated transfection used for gametes resulted in 2‐fluoroadenine‐resistant strains containing short indels or substitutions on UpAPT. Our results showed that the CRISPR‐Cas9 system with PEG‐mediated transfection was efficient for genome editing in Ulva.