bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative proteomics identifies biomarkers to distinguish pulmonary from head and neck squamous cell carcinomas by immunohistochemistry
Authors: Richter Annika , Fichtner Alexander , Joost Jasmin , Brockmeyer Philipp , Kauffmann Philipp , Schliephake Henning , Hammerstein‐Equord Alexander , Kueffer Stefan , Urlaub Henning , Oellerich Thomas , Ströbel Philipp , Bohnenberger Hanibal , Bremmer Felix 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe differentiation between a pulmonary metastasis and a newly developed squamous cell carcinoma of the lung in patients with prior head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is difficult due to a lack of biomarkers but is crucially important for the prognosis and therapy of the affected patient. By using high‐resolution mass spectrometry in combination with stable isotope labelling by amino acids in cell culture, we identified 379 proteins that are differentially expressed in squamous cell carcinomas of the lung and the head and neck. Of those, CAV1, CAV2, LGALS1, LGALS7, CK19, and UGDH were tested by immunohistochemistry on 194 tissue samples (98 lung and 96 HNSCCs). The combination of CAV1 and LGALS7 was able to distinguish the origin of the squamous cell carcinoma with high accuracy (area under the curve 0.876). This biomarker panel was tested on a cohort of 12 clinically classified lung tumours of unknown origin after HNSCC. Nine of those tumours were immunohistochemically classifiable.
Short‐term load forecasting based on CNN‐BiLSTM with Bayesian optimization and attention mechanism
Authors: Shi Huifeng , Miao Kai , Ren Xiaochen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAccurate short‐term load forecasting can ensure the reliable power supply of the power system and the regular operation of the grid economy. This article proposes a hybrid model based on convolutional neural networks and bidirectional long short‐term memory (CNN‐BiLSTM) with Bayesian optimization (BO) and attention mechanism (AM) for short‐term load forecasting. CNN is used to capture the significant features of input data. BiLSTM is adept in time series forecasting and AM can reduce the computational complexity of model. BO can help to tune the hyperparameters automatically. The input features of models are recent load, time slot, date type, and meteorological factors. In order to eliminate the seasonality, the data set is divided into four subsets according to four seasons. The performance of the proposed model is compared with other models by MAE, RMSE, MAPE, andscore. The forecasting results represent that the proposed model is most suitable for short‐term load forecasting among the contrast models and the meteorological factors have an impact on forecasting accuracy.
Power aware floorplanning in multiple supply voltage domain
Authors: Banerjee Suchandra , Roy Suchismita 
Published: October 2021

SummaryFloorplanning in this nano‐scale era involves consideration of various other objectives apart from minimizing wirelength in a fixed outlined region. In recent era of electronic devices, reducing power consumption is an important objective which can be achieved by multiple supply voltage island aware floorplanning. Optimizing power routing resource to simplify power planning while reducing voltage drop or IR drop (represented by maximum power length) is the major goal of the proposed work. Moreover, it has been observed that locations of blocks and power pads are important considerations for IR drop optimization. The proposed work hence concentrates on generating efficient floorplan with respect to wirelength, power routing resource, and IR drop. The proposed technique uses effective heuristics along with a SAT (Boolean satisfiability)‐based framework to generate efficient floorplan considering all factors. The experimental validation depicts good results with respect to power resource, wirelength, and voltage drop in a fixed outline framework.
Don't let imposter syndrome hold you back
Authors: Hodges Dawn Z. 
Published: October 2021

I received a text recently from a former colleague. She said, “I need a pep talk. My imposter syndrome is flaring up.” Dictionary.com defines imposter syndrome as “anxiety or self‐doubt that results from persistently undervaluing one's competence and active role in achieving success.” People with imposter syndrome are afraid of being “found out” as a fraud. It's common in a variety of professions — and a 2020 study by KPMG found that approximately 75% of female executives have experienced it during their career.
Experience of perampanel monotherapy beyond initial titration to achieve seizure freedom in patients with focal‐onset seizures with newly diagnosed or currently untreated recurrent epilepsy: A post hoc analysis of the open‐label Study 342 (FREEDOM)
Authors: Husni Ryan Edbert , Ngo Leock Y. , Senokuchi Hirofumi , Patten Anna , Hiramatsu Hidetaka , Watanabe Kazuaki , Yamamoto Takamichi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis post hoc analysis evaluated whether continued treatment with perampanel monotherapy beyond initial titration may be appropriate for patients with focal‐onset seizures (FOS) with currently untreated epilepsy to achieve seizure freedom with an effective dose.MethodsStudy 342 (NCT03201900; FREEDOM) is a single‐arm, open‐label, Phase III study of perampanel monotherapy. Patients aged ≥12 years with untreated FOS received perampanel 4 mg/d in a 32‐week Treatment Phase (6‐week Titration and 26‐week Maintenance Periods); in case of seizure(s) during Maintenance Period, patients could enter a 30‐week Treatment Phase (4‐week Titration and 26‐week Maintenance Periods) to be up‐titrated to perampanel 8 mg/d. The primary endpoint was seizure‐freedom rate during Maintenance Period in the modified Intent‐to‐Treat (mITT) Analysis Set (patients who had ≥1 post‐dose efficacy measurement during Maintenance Period); safety was monitored. This analysis of 4‐mg/d efficacy data assessed the proportion of patients achieving seizure freedom during the Maintenance Period (responders) relative to patients with an early/later response (depending on seizure status during the Titration Period).ResultsIn the mITT population (n = 73), 46 patients were 4‐mg/d responders; of whom, 37 (80.4%) were early responders and nine (19.6%) were later responders. The mean (standard deviation) percent reductions in FOS frequency from baseline at the end of the 4‐mg/d Titration Period were 100.0% (0.0%; early responders) and 46.3% (97.3%; later responders). Among the 27 4‐mg/d nonresponders, nine (33.3%) patients who had an early response experienced seizure(s) during the subsequent 4‐mg/d Maintenance Period. Safety outcomes were similar, regardless of responder status, without new safety concerns.SignificanceSome patients with untreated FOS may benefit from continued treatment beyond initial titration of perampanel monotherapy to achieve seizure freedom, suggesting that it may not be appropriate to make treatment decisions to discontinue or switch from perampanel monotherapy solely based on seizure response before an effective dose has been reached.
Cancer and the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 diagnosis, hospitalisation and death: A population‐based multistate cohort study including 4 618 377 adults in Catalonia, Spain
Authors: Roel Elena , Pistillo Andrea , Recalde Martina , Fernández‐Bertolín Sergio , Aragón María , Soerjomataram Isabelle , Jenab Mazda , Puente Diana , Prieto‐Alhambra Daniel , Burn Edward , Duarte‐Salles Talita 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe relationship between cancer and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) infection and severity remains poorly understood. We conducted a population‐based cohort study between 1 March and 6 May 2020 describing the associations between cancer and risk of COVID‐19 diagnosis, hospitalisation and COVID‐19‐related death. Data were obtained from the Information System for Research in Primary Care (SIDIAP) database, including primary care electronic health records from ~80% of the population in Catalonia, Spain. Cancer was defined as any primary invasive malignancy excluding non‐melanoma skin cancer. We estimated adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for the risk of COVID‐19 (outpatient) clinical diagnosis, hospitalisation (with or without a prior COVID‐19 diagnosis) and COVID‐19‐related death using Cox proportional hazard regressions. Models were estimated for the overall cancer population and by years since cancer diagnosis (<1 year, 1‐5 years and ≥5 years), sex, age and cancer type; and adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, deprivation and comorbidities. We included 4 618 377 adults, of which 260 667 (5.6%) had a history of cancer. A total of 98 951 individuals (5.5% with cancer) were diagnosed, and 6355 (16.4% with cancer) were directly hospitalised with COVID‐19. Of those diagnosed, 6851 were subsequently hospitalised (10.7% with cancer), and 3227 died without being hospitalised (18.5% with cancer). Among those hospitalised, 1963 (22.5% with cancer) died. Cancer was associated with an increased risk of COVID‐19 diagnosis (aHR: 1.08; 95% confidence interval [1.05‐1.11]), direct COVID‐19 hospitalisation (1.33 [1.24‐1.43]) and death following hospitalisation (1.12 [1.01‐1.25]). These associations were stronger for patients recently diagnosed with cancer, aged <70 years, and with haematological cancers. These patients should be prioritised in COVID‐19 vaccination campaigns and continued non‐pharmaceutical interventions.
Molecular characterization of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor 2 gene in black rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii, and its expression patterns upon exposure to benzo[a]pyrene, 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin, and β‐naphthoflavone
Authors: Woo Soo Ji 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand‐activated transcription factor that mediates the toxicity of halogenated and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in vertebrates. Thus, increased knowledge of AhR‐mediated responses to xenobiotics is imperative. Sebastes schlegelii is increasingly being used as a model for studying environmental toxicology; hence, in this study, the presence of AhR2 was evaluated in S. schlegelii. The results showed that the predicted AhR2 amino acid sequence contained regions characteristic of other vertebrate AhRs, including the basic helix–loop–helix and PER–ARNT–SIM domains in the N‐terminal half, but it had minor similarity with other vertebrate AhRs across the C‐terminal half; it did not contain the distinct glutamine‐rich domains found in mammalian AhR2. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that S. schlegelii AhR2 was clustered within the teleost AhR2 branch. Additionally, AhR2 mRNA was detectable in all 11 tissues tested, with the highest mRNA levels in the heart, pyloric ceca, and liver. Furthermore, exposure to the AhR agonists showed that 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin (TCDD, 1 μg/g body weight) induced a significantly higher increases in AhR2 expression in the gills, liver, kidneys, and spleen in 48 h than benzo[a]pyrene (2 μg/g body weight), and β‐naphthoflavone (50‐μg/g body weight); AhR2 mRNA levels upon TCDD exposure were up‐regulated by 16‐ and 10‐fold in the gills and liver, respectively. These findings indicated that AhR was a highly sensitive receptor against TCDD. Thus, investigating AhR2 expression in the presence of other xenobiotics might offer further information for the elucidation of its crucial role in mediating toxicant metabolism in S. schlegelii.
Nicotine causes alternative polarization of macrophages via Src‐mediated STAT3 activation: Potential pathobiological implications
Authors: Saranyutanon Sirin , Acharya Srijan , Deshmukh Sachin Kumar , Khan Mohammad Aslam , Singh Seema , Singh Ajay Pratap 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNicotine is an addictive ingredient of tobacco products and other noncigarette substitutes, including those being used for smoking cessation to relieve withdrawal symptoms. Earlier research, however, has associated nicotine with the risk and poorer outcome of several diseases, including cancer. Macrophages are an important component of the innate immune system and can have both pro‐and anti‐inflammatory functions depending upon their polarization state. Here, we investigated the effect of nicotine on macrophage polarization, growth, and invasion to understand its role in human physiology. We observed that nicotine induced M2 polarization of RAW264.7 and THP‐1‐derived macrophages in a dose‐dependent manner. Cytokine profiling suggested a mixed M2a/d phenotype of nicotine‐polarized macrophages associated with tissue repair and pro‐angiogenic functions. Moreover, nicotine treatment also enhanced the growth, motility, and invasion of macrophages. Mechanistic studies revealed increased phosphorylation of STAT3 in nicotine‐treated macrophages that was mediated through Src activation. Importantly, pretreatment of macrophages with either Src or STAT3 inhibitor abrogated nicotine‐induced macrophage polarization, growth, and motility, suggesting a functional role of the Src‐STAT3 signaling axis. Together, our findings reveal a novel role of nicotine in immunosuppression via causing M2 polarization of macrophages that could be implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases.
Extracellular vesicles derived from the periodontal pathogen Filifactor alocis induce systemic bone loss through Toll‐like receptor 2
Authors: Kim Hyun Young , Song Min‐Kyoung , Gho Yong Song , Kim Hong‐Hee , Choi Bong‐Kyu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPeriodontitis is an inflammatory disease induced by local infection in tooth‐supporting tissue. Periodontitis is associated with systemic bone diseases, but little is known about the mechanism of the causal effect of periodontitis on systemic bone resorption. Bacteria‐derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) act as natural carriers of virulence factors that are responsible for systemic inflammation. In this study, we investigated the role of EVs derived from Filifactor alocis, a Gram‐positive, anaerobic periodontal pathogen, in systemic bone loss and osteoclast differentiation. F. alocis EVs accumulated in the long bones of mice after intraperitoneal administration. These EVs induced proinflammatory cytokines, osteoclastogenesis, and bone resorption via Toll‐like receptor 2 (TLR2). The phase separation of F. alocis EVs showed that amphiphilic molecules were responsible for the induced bone resorption and osteoclastogenesis. The osteoclastogenic effects of F. alocis EVs were reduced by lipoprotein lipase. Proteomic analysis of the amphiphilic molecules identified seven lipoproteins. Our results indicate that lipoprotein‐like molecules in F. alocis EVs may contribute to systemic bone loss via TLR2.
Synthesis, crystal structure, and DFT study of 4‐(2‐Chlorobenzyl)‐1‐(furan‐2‐yl)‐[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3‐a]quinazolin‐5(4H)‐one
Authors: Liao Tianhui , Ye Wenjun , Chen Dongmei , Qin Yumei , Chen Yumei , Liao Weike , Zhou Zhixu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract4‐(2‐Chlorobenzyl)‐1‐(furan‐2‐yl)‐[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3‐a]quinazolin‐5(4H)‐one is a triazoloquinazolinone compound with broad‐spectrum biological activity. In this study, the four‐step method was used to synthesize the title compound, and its structure was confirmed by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), 13‐carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR) spectroscopy, and mass spectroscopy (MS). Further, its single crystal was characterized by X‐ray diffraction. The density functional theory was used to calculate the optimal structure of the molecule. The results demonstrated that the analyzed structure was consistent with the crystal structure determined by single‐crystal diffraction. In addition, discrete Fourier transform was used to study the molecular electrostatic potential and Frontier molecular orbital of the title compound, revealing a few of the compound's physicochemical properties.
Preferences for transitional HIV care among people living with HIV recently released from prison in Zambia: a discrete choice experiment
Authors: Ostermann Jan , Yelverton Valerie , Smith Helene J. , Nanyangwe Mirriam , Kashela Lillian , Chisenga Peter , Mai Vivien , Mwila Chilambwe , Herce Michael E. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroductionNo studies from sub‐Saharan Africa have attempted to assess HIV service delivery preferences among incarcerated people living with HIV as they transition from prisons to the community (“releasees”). We conducted a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to characterize releasee preferences for transitional HIV care services in Zambia to inform the development of a differentiated service delivery model to promote HIV care continuity for releasees.MethodsBetween January and October 2019, we enrolled a consecutive sample of 101 releasees from a larger cohort prospectively following 296 releasees from five prisons in Zambia. We administered a DCE eliciting preferences for 12 systematically designed choice scenarios, each presenting three hypothetical transitional care options. Options combined six attributes: (1) clinic type for post‐release HIV care; (2) client focus of healthcare workers; (3) transitional care model type; (4) characteristics of transitional care provider; (5) type of transitional care support; and (6) HIV status disclosure support. We analysed DCE choice data using a mixed logit model, with coefficients describing participants’ average (“mean”) preferences for each option compared to the standard of care and their distributions describing preference variation across participants.ResultsMost DCE participants were male (n = 84, 83.2%) and had completed primary school (n = 54, 53.5%), with 29 (28.7%) unemployed at follow‐up. Participants had spent an average of 8.2 months in the community prior to the DCE, with 18 (17.8%) reporting an intervening episode of re‐incarceration. While we observed significant preference variation across participants (p < 0.001 for most characteristics), releasees were generally averse to clinics run by community‐based organizations versus government antiretroviral therapy clinics providing post‐release HIV care (mean preference = –0.78, p < 0.001). On average, releasees most preferred livelihood support (mean preference = 1.19, p < 0.001) and HIV care support (mean preference = 1.00, p < 0.001) delivered by support groups involving people living with HIV (mean preference = 1.24, p < 0.001).ConclusionsWe identified preferred characteristics of transitional HIV care that can form the basis for differentiated service delivery models for prison releasees. Such models should offer client‐centred care in trusted clinics, provide individualized HIV care support delivered by support groups and/or peer navigators, and strengthen linkages to programs providing livelihood support.
Developing real‐world evidence from real‐world data: Transforming raw data into analytical datasets
Authors: Bastarache Lisa , Brown Jeffrey S. , Cimino James J. , Dorr David A. , Embi Peter J. , Payne Philip R.O. , Wilcox Adam B. , Weiner Mark G. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDevelopment of evidence‐based practice requires practice‐based evidence, which can be acquired through analysis of real‐world data from electronic health records (EHRs). The EHR contains volumes of information about patients—physical measurements, diagnoses, exposures, and markers of health behavior—that can be used to create algorithms for risk stratification or to gain insight into associations between exposures, interventions, and outcomes. But to transform real‐world data into reliable real‐world evidence, one must not only choose the correct analytical methods but also have an understanding of the quality, detail, provenance, and organization of the underlying source data and address the differences in these characteristics across sites when conducting analyses that span institutions. This manuscript explores the idiosyncrasies inherent in the capture, formatting, and standardization of EHR data and discusses the clinical domain and informatics competencies required to transform the raw clinical, real‐world data into high‐quality, fit‐for‐purpose analytical data sets used to generate real‐world evidence.
Attachment on mortar surfaces by cyanobacterium Gloeocapsa PCC 73106 and sequestration of CO2 by microbially induced calcium carbonate
Authors: Zhu Tingting , Merroun Mohamed L. , Arhonditsis George , Dittrich Maria 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCyanobacterial carbonate precipitation induced by cells and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) enhances mortar durability. The percentage of cell/EPS attachment regulates the effectiveness of the mortar restoration. This study investigates the cell coverage on mortar and microbially induced carbonate precipitation. Statistical analysis of results from scanning electron and fluorescence microscopy shows that the cell coverage was higher in the presence of UV‐killed cells than living cells. Cells are preferably attached to cement paste than sand grains, with a difference of one order of magnitude. The energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy analyses and Raman mapping suggest cyanobacteria used atmospheric CO2 to precipitate carbonates.
The measurement of strain of a prototype pulley system using a Brillouin optical time domain analysis
Authors: Yucel Murat , Yucel Murat 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn the chain and rope hoist systems of large cranes, instant and monitoring of the strain caused by different loads is of great importance. Strain is a size that cannot be measured directly and whose effect can be measured. Strain can be measured point by point with the help of electronic sensors. However, increasing the number of measuring points causes complexity in electronic systems. Thanks to distributed fiber sensors, this problem has been overcome and standard SMF has been used as tens of thousands of measuring points. In this study, a model of the pulley system used in large cranes is created and the strain occurring at a certain point of a SMF was experimentally measured using the BOTDA technique. SNR was improved by using the wavelet noise reduction technique in the processing of the received signals. In order to monitor the measured strain, a user‐friendly interface was designed.
Workplace violence in primary hospitals and associated risk factors: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Zhu Hongfang , Liu Xiaona , Yao Linyan , Zhou Liping , Qin Jianfen , Zhu Chenping , Ye Zhihong , Pan Hongying 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimTo investigate the characteristics of workplace violence at primary hospitals in Southeast China and identify associated risk factors.DesignA cross‐sectional survey design was used for this work.MethodsWe distributed a workplace violence questionnaire among medical staff at primary hospitals in Southeast Zhejiang Province, China. The data were collected between December 2016 and December 2017. We analysed the categorical data by using the chi‐square test and expressed it as frequencies. The risk factors were analysed by using multiple logistic regression analysis.ResultsAmong the 2,560 questionnaires, 1,842 (71.9%) medical staff indicated that they had experienced workplace violence. Verbal assault was the most common type, followed by physical and sexual assault. Furthermore, gender, age, marital status, education, technical position and number of hospital beds' numbers were independent risk factors.