bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors for Left Ventricular Dysfunction Following Surgical Management of Cardiac Fibroma
Authors: Beroukhim Rebecca S. , Geva Tal , del Nido Pedro , Sleeper Lynn A. , Lu Minmin , Muter Angelika , Harrild David M. , Walsh Edward P. , Nathan Meena 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Surgical resection of cardiac fibromas in children reduces hemodynamic and arrhythmia burden; however, little is known about postoperative left ventricular (LV) function. We aimed to evaluate factors associated with postoperative LV dysfunction.

Methods:
In this retrospective observational cohort study, imaging data were reviewed from 41 patients who had undergone surgical resection of a cardiac fibroma. Tumor volume was indexed to body surface area (tumor volume index). Right ventricular tumors were excluded from analysis of postoperative ventricular function. Postoperative regional wall motion abnormality score was defined as number of wall segments with regional wall motion abnormality, and LV dysfunction was defined as LV ejection fraction <50%. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance-derived strain was low if <5%ile by previously published normative data.

Results:

Of 41 patients who underwent resection at a median age of 2.1 years (range, 0.5–19), 37 fibromas were in the LV, (29 free wall and 8 septal), and 4 in the right ventricle. Preoperative median tumor volume index was 66 mL/m
2
(range, 11–376). Of 37 patients with LV tumors, younger patients had larger tumor volume index and higher grades of preoperative mitral regurgitation (
P
<0.001). Larger tumor volume index correlated with higher postoperative regional wall motion abnormality score (
P
<0.001). By paired pre- and post-operative cardiovascular magnetic resonance (n=14), LV end-diastolic volume increased (mean 76 versus 101 mL/m
2
,
P
=0.011), with decreased LV ejection fraction (mean 60% versus 55%,
P
=0.014), a higher prevalence of low global circumferential strain (36% versus 64%,
P
=0.045), and decreased cardiac index (mean 4.8 versus 3.9 L/[min·m
2
],
P
=0.039). More than mild preoperative mitral regurgitation was the only independent predictor of predischarge LV dysfunction (odds ratio, 22 [95% CI, 2.8–179],
P
=0.008).

Conclusions:
Surgical resection of LV fibroma is associated with regional wall motion abnormality, increased LV volume, and reduced systolic function. Children with significant preoperative mitral regurgitation are at highest risk for LV dysfunction and warrant ongoing close surveillance.
Coronary Artery Calcium and Cognitive Function in Dutch Adults: Cross‐Sectional Results of the Population‐Based ImaLife Study
Authors: Xia Congying , Vonder Marleen , Sidorenkov Grigory , Ma Runlei , Oudkerk Matthijs , van der Harst Pim , De Deyn Peter Paul , Vliegenthart Rozemarijn 
Published: February 2021

Background
The aim of this study was to investigate whether increased severity of coronary artery calcium (CAC), an imaging biomarker of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis, is associated with worse cognitive function independent of cardiovascular risk factors in a large population‐based Dutch cohort with broad age range.

Methods and Results
A cross‐sectional analysis was performed in 4988 ImaLife participants (aged 45–91 years, 58.3% women) without history of cardiovascular disease. CAC scores were obtained using nonenhanced cardiac computed tomography scanning. The CogState Brief Battery was used to assess 4 cognitive domains: processing speed, attention, working memory, and visual learning based on detection task, identification task, 1‐back task, and 1‐card‐learning task, respectively. Differences in mean scores of each cognitive domain were compared among 4 CAC categories (0, 1–99, 100–399, ≥400) using analysis of covariates to adjust for classical cardiovascular risk factors. Age‐stratified analysis (45–54, 55–64, and ≥65 years) was performed to assess whether the association of CAC severity with cognitive function differed by age. Overall, higher CAC was associated with worse performance on 1‐back task after adjusting for classical cardiovascular risk factors, but CAC was not associated with the other cognitive tasks. Age‐stratified analyses revealed that the association of CAC severity with working memory persisted in participants aged 45 to 54 years, while in the elderly this association lost significance.

Conclusions
In this Dutch population of ≥45 years, increased CAC severity was associated with worse performance of working memory, independent of classical cardiovascular risk factors. The inverse relationship of CAC score categories with working memory was strongest in participants aged 45 to 54 years.
Hmong Christianisation, the Will to Improve and the Question of Neoliberalism in Vietnam’s Highlands
Authors: Rumsby Seb 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article focuses on the convergence of mass Christianisation and economic transformations among the Hmong of Vietnam’s northern highlands over the past thirty years. A history of impoverishment and ethnic discrimination has led hundreds of thousands of Hmong to follow Christianity as a perceived alternative path to progress instead of the state-led development agenda, despite sharing the same ‘will to improve’. By exploring local understandings about the means to development as well as new religious teaching on prosperity, entrepreneurialism and calculativity in a rapidly developing Hmong village, this paper queries the ‘elective affinity’ between new Christian movements and neoliberalism posited by other scholars. The case study highlights the awkward combination of ‘cooperative competitiveness’ accompanying a community-benefit tourism development model. Hmong Christian activity can both overlap and sit at odds with government agendas and market expansion, resulting in complex transformations and subjectivities which cannot simply be reduced to neoliberal logic.
China’s State-Owned Enterprise Reform Since 2013
Authors: Liu Kerry 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Starting from the 3rd Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held in November 2013, China has begun another round of state-owned enterprise (SOE) reform. By examining policy documents, analysing the pilot SOE s and conducing an empirical study based on a unique dataset of control rights transfers between SOE s and privately owned enterprises in Chinese stock markets during 2014–2019, this study concludes that this round of SOE reform has made China’s SOE s stronger and possibly bigger. These findings are important to firms, scholars and policy-makers around the world and make further contributions to the debates on China’s SOE reform.
L’Homme Exotique dans Les Manuels Belges de Geographie Edites en Francais.
Authors: Vincke Edouard 
Published: February 2021

“Exotic Man as Seen in the French Language Editions of Belgian Geography Handbooks”.
A critical study of geography handbooks for schools dating back to 1880, and centred on one aspect at human geography: physical variety and cultural differences. The author retraces the portrait of “the other man” as this has been presented to pupils. The handbooks express a very ethnocentric discourse, marked by determinism and social evolutionism. Large sections of the text are nothing else than justifications of colonialism in Central Africa. Darwinian theory on evolution has not been taken into account as an explanation of the diversity in humankind, the latter having been considered only under the angle of “race”.
Cannabis-derived terpenes and flavonoids as potential pharmaceuticals
Authors: Ofir Rivka 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Terpenes and flavonoids are metabolites produced by many plants, including cannabis plants. Studies suggest that combined treatment based on synergism between plant metabolites has the potential to act better than a single compound. It may be true in the case of cannabis also: the plant content may act better than ‘pure’ cbd. The mode of action of synergism may involve interaction of terpenes/flavonoids with cbd receptors or other receptors; as small metabolites, terpenes/flavonoids may help cannabinoids to cross dermal barrier/to be absorbed orally and/or to cross the blood-brain-barrier. This review summarize studies that discuss the mechanisms of action of terpenes and flavonoids and their effects on various human pathologies. This review cover only part of such studies with the hope to shed light on how synergism between cannabis derived terpenes and flavonoids can improve the action of cannabinoids.
The Strong Upwelling Event off the Southern Coast of Sri Lanka in 2013 and Its Relationship with Indian Ocean Dipole Events
Authors: Li Yuhui , Qiu Yun , Hu Jianyu , Aung Cherry , Lin Xinyu , Jing Chunsheng , Zhang Junpeng 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTMultisource satellite remote sensing data have been used to analyze the strong upwelling event off the southern coast of Sri Lanka in 2013 and its relationship with Indian Ocean dipole (IOD) events. The upwelling area in 2013 is 5.7 times larger than that in a normal year and lasts from June to August, with the peaks of the cooling anomaly reaching −1.5°C and the positive chlorophyll a concentration anomaly exceeding 3.1 mg m−3. In 2013, the negative unseasonable IOD (IODJJA) event enhances the southwest monsoon, while the blocking of the monsoon wind by the island results in a stronger westerly/northwesterly wind stress off the southern coast of Sri Lanka and a weaker westerly/northwesterly wind stress over the eastern Sri Lanka waters. This causes stronger offshore transport and positive Ekman pumping off the southern coast, forming a strong upwelling event there. Further analysis indicates that the interannual variability of the upwelling, as represented by a newly constructed index based on satellite observations, is primarily caused by the variations of local wind associated with the IOD. The upwelling off the southern coast of Sri Lanka weakens (strengthens) in the positive (negative) IOD years. However, an analysis based on 21 IOD events during 1982–2019 demonstrates that the effects of the three types of IOD events, including IODJJA, prolonged IOD (IODLONG), and normal IOD (IODSON), on the upwelling are different. Compared to the IODSON events, the IODJJA and IODLONG events tend to have stronger influences due to their earlier developing phases.
Effect of Obesity on Early, In-Hospital Amputation Risk Following Popliteal Artery Injury Using an Analysis of the National Trauma Data Bank
Authors: Watras Jill B. , Collins Devon T. , Newcomb Anna , Liu Chang , Griffen Margaret M. 
Published: February 2021

Background Popliteal artery injury is associated with a high risk of limb loss; identifying factors associated with increased morbidity and mortality is hampered by its rare occurrence and confounding factors. Anecdotal observations suggest delay in diagnosis of obese patients may be associated with amputation. We aimed to determine whether there is an increased risk of early amputation and if diagnosis is delayed in obese patients with popliteal artery injuries. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study using National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) data from 2013 to 2017. We extracted those sustaining popliteal artery injury, assigning obesity class based on body mass index. We included select demographic and clinical variables, using time to imaging as a surrogate for time to diagnosis. Statistical models were used to calculate the impact of obesity on amputation rates and time to diagnosis. Results We identified 4803 popliteal artery injuries in the data set; 3289 met inclusion criteria. We calculated an 8.5% overall amputation rate, which was not significantly different between obese (N = 1305; 39.7%) and nonobese (N = 1984; 60.3%) patients. Statistical analysis identified peripheral vascular disease, diabetes, and smoking as risk factors for amputation. Time to imaging was similar for obese and nonobese patients. Conclusions and Relevance Analysis of NTDB data suggests that obesity is associated with neither increased early amputation rate nor longer time to imaging in patients with popliteal artery injury. However, our study suggests that underlying comorbidities of peripheral vascular disease and diabetes are associated with an increased risk for amputation in these patients.
Preschool children deliver stroke knowledge to their families with the FAST 112 Heroes educational programme
Authors: Tsakpounidou Kalliopi , Proios Hariklia 
Published: February 2021

Background: FAST (Face, Arm, Speech, Time) 112 Heroes is an educational programme that delivers information to children and their extended families helping them identify the principal signs of stroke and informing them how to respond appropriately in the event of a stroke. Objectives: To examine the baseline stroke literacy that extended families possess, as well as to assess whether children enrolled in FAST 112 Heroes programme effectively convey stroke knowledge to their extended family. Design: Field trial. Setting: Four schools in Northern Greece – two public and two private. Methods: Parents of preschool aged (5–7 years) children completed stroke knowledge questionnaires, before the programme began and one week after the completion of the FAST 112 Heroes programme. Findings were analysed. Results: In total, 240 parents of kindergarten children (146 women, 94 men; 20–59 years old; mean age: 38.81) completed the pre-programme questionnaire, whereas only 80 of them (33.33%) completed the post-programme questionnaire. Before the programme started, 30 out of 80 parents (37.5%) recognised the three rudimentary stroke symptoms, compared to 68 out of 80 (85%) after the completion of the programme ( p = .00). Parental awareness of the emergency number 112 and of the FAST acronym before programme implementation was relatively poor. Conclusions: Improvement of stroke knowledge post-implementation was observed in the extended family of preschool children enrolled in the FAST 112 Heroes programme which suggests that the latter delivered stroke information to their families effectively.
Separating the Physician and Patient: A Paradigm Shift for Routine Otolaryngology Examinations in COVID-19-Like Aerosol-Contaminated Environments
Authors: Sayin Ibrahim , Yazıcı Zahide Mine , Abakay Mehmet Akif , Gülüstan Filiz , Devecioğlu İbrahim , Akgül Ahmet 
Published: February 2021

Objective: To evaluate the attitudes of physicians and patients toward physical examination in physically separated environments using a laryngoscopic examination model. Materials and Methods: Six experienced laryngologists performed laryngoscopic examinations in 30 patients in a closed-chamber examination unit. The physicians and patients were asked to compare all domains with their previous standard laryngoscopic examination experience using a 10-point visual analog scale (0, poor performance; 10, good performance), including effectiveness of communication, difficulty of examination, perception of safety against airborne transmission of COVID-19, applicability of the unit for future examinations, perception of protective environment, and overall comfort. Results: All laryngoscopic examinations were performed successfully. Effectiveness of communication, difficulty of examination, perception of protective environment, and overall comfort did not differ between physicians and patients ( P > .05 for all comparisons). However, both physicians and patients found the examination to be difficult. While physicians evaluated the system as safe against airborne transmission of COVID-19, patients were not confident that the system was safe (8.70 ± 1.93 vs 2.87 ± 2.37, respectively, P = .001). Physicians also gave a higher score to future applicability of the unit for examinations than patients (8.90 ± 1.42 vs 7.10 ± 2.62, respectively, P = .001). Conclusion: Physically separating the physician and patient is a feasible method of physical examination in aerosol-contaminated environments.
Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis: Effectiveness of Corticosteroids in Treating Adults With Acute Vestibular Neuritis
Authors: Leong Kai‐Jing , Lau Timothy , Stewart Vicky , Canetti Elisa F. D. 
Published: February 2021

ObjectivesTo determine whether steroids are effective in treating adults with acute vestibular neuritis.Data SourcesPubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, CAB Abstract, ICTRP, LILACS, PEDRO, ClinicalTrials.Gov, Google Scholar, NARIC, and OT Seeker.Review MethodsA systematic review was undertaken for articles reporting subjective and/or objective outcomes of corticosteroids in adults with acute vestibular neuritis between December 2010 and October 2019. Reports of patient recovery from clinical vestibular outcomes at various time points and adverse effects from corticosteroids were of interest. Statistical analysis included qualitative and quantitative assessments. A limited meta‐analysis of the data was performed through a random effects model.ResultsEight studies met the criteria, and 6 were included in the meta‐analysis. No significant differences between the groups (corticosteroid vs placebo, corticosteroid vs vestibular exercise, or corticosteroid vs combination of vestibular exercise and corticosteroid) were reported in the proportion of patients with complete recovery at 1, 6, and 12 months. The corticosteroid group had significantly better caloric recover at 1 month (95% CI, –16.33 to –0.32); however, there was no significant difference to the overall effect between the groups across 12 months. Subjective recovery did not differ between the groups. Five of the 8 studies reported on adverse effects from corticosteroids.ConclusionThere is insufficient evidence to support the use of corticosteroids in managing acute vestibular neuritis in adults. At present, corticosteroids appear to have short‐term benefits in canal paresis but no long‐term benefits in canal paresis and symptomatic recovery. Future studies should consider including a wider variety of clinical vestibular tests and frequent acute follow‐ups to monitor the effects of corticosteroids.
The Impact of Socioeconomic Status on Time to Decannulation Among Children With Tracheostomies
Authors: Smith Matthew M. , Hart Catherine K. , Benscoter Dan T. , Epperson Madison , de Alarcon Alessandro , Born Hayley , Meinzen‐Derr Jareen 
Published: February 2021

ObjectiveTo determine if time to tracheostomy decannulation differs among children by socioeconomic status.Study DesignCase series with chart reviewSettingTertiary pediatric medical center.MethodsPatients (≤21 years old) who underwent tracheostomy from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2016. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on their socioeconomic status (SES), low SES and high SES. Principal components analysis was used to create an index for SES using census data obtained by the US Census Bureau’s American Community Survey 5 year data profile from 2013 to 2017. Statistical analysis was performed using a χ2 for categorical variables and Wilcoxon rank‐sum test for continuous variables. A general linear model was constructed to control for clinical factors to understand the independent effect of SES on time to decannulation.ResultsIn total, 215 patients were included; of these patients, 111 patients (52%) were included in the high‐SES group and 104 patients (48%) were included in the low‐SES group. There was a significant difference in the time to decannulation for children based on SES status, with those children in the low‐SES group taking on average 10 months longer to decannulate (38.7 vs 28.0 months, P =. 0007). Median follow‐up was 44.1 months (interquartile range, 29.6‐61.3 months).ConclusionHealth care disparities appear to exist among children undergoing decannulation of their tracheostomy tube. Patients with lower SES had a significantly longer time to decannulation than those with higher SES.
Endovascular therapy for floating thrombus in the inferior vena cava
Authors: Zhang Zhi-Wen , Chen Xue-Ming , Zhu Ren-Ming , Li Chen-Yu , Yu Hong-Zhi , Zhang Zhong-Tao 
Published: February 2021

Objective We aimed to summarize the clinical characteristics of floating thrombus in the inferior vena cava (IVC). Methods From January 2014 to June 2019, four patients with floating thrombus in the IVC were admitted to our hospital and underwent intracavitary therapy. Diagnosis, therapy, and clinical characteristics of floating thrombus were summarized. Results Three patients presented with pulmonary embolism. Three of the patients had a floating thrombus discovered by inferior venacavography and one was found by contrast-enhanced computed tomography. Two patients had deep venous thrombosis in the lower extremities. One patient had a double IVC, one had left iliac vein compression syndrome, and one had right renal phlebothrombosis. The four patients underwent implantation of a temporary IVC filter and were treated with anti-coagulation, debulking, and thrombolysis. All four patients achieved satisfactory results. Conclusions Floating thrombus in the IVC is often caused by spread of branch vein thrombosis, and is more likely to lead to pulmonary embolism. Anti-coagulant therapy and debulking under the protection of filters can achieve satisfactory clinical results.
Accuracy of angiopoietin-2 for predicting organ failure in patients with acute pancreatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lv Yongcai , Yao Yanhua , Liu Qi , Lei Jingjing 
Published: February 2021

Objective Our aim was to assess the accuracy of angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) as a prognostic marker for acute pancreatitis (AP) with organ failure (OF). Methods We undertook a systematic search of the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Chinese Journals Full-text, Wanfang, China Biology Medicine disc, and Weipu databases to identify eligible cohort studies on the predictive value of Ang-2 for AP with OF. The main outcome measures were sensitivity and specificity. The effects were pooled using a bivariate mixed-effects model. Results Six articles with seven case-control studies (n = 650) were included. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for AP with OF were 0.93 (95%CI: 0.75–0.99), 0.85 (95%CI: 0.75–0.92), 6.40 (95%CI: 3.36–12.19), and 0.08 (95%CI: 0.02–0.36), respectively. The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.95 (95%CI: 0.92–0.96), and the diagnostic odds ratio was 83.18 (95%CI: 11.50–623.17). Subgroup analysis showed that admission time of AP onset (< or ≥24 hours) was a source of overall heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis supported this finding. Conclusion Ang-2 had high diagnostic accuracy for AP with OF; the best prediction of Ang-2 may be 24 to 72 hours after onset of AP.
Social Workers and Families: An Italian Perspective on the Family-Centered Approach
Authors: Migliorini Laura , Romoli Vittoria , Cardinali Paola 
Published: February 2021

Purpose: The present work addresses the transformation process occurring within the services for minors regarding the relationship with families. This qualitative study aims to explore family-centered practice (FCA) by analyzing the practitioner's perceptions of social work with families in daily practice in the context of Italian social welfare. Methods: The authors conducted six focus groups with 38 social services workers and used grounded theory methods to elicit perceptions of the meaning and complexity of the transformation based on the statements of those performing social work with families. From the textual data, codes were identified and grouped into conceptual categories. Results: The authors defined two macro-categories called “Aims in practitioner's work with children and families” and “Tools in work with children and families”, which reflect the participants' attitudes and behaviors. Conclusion: Professionals and service providers can use our findings to reflect on current conceptualizations of family involvement and FCA in their work and to recognize possible psychological barriers to achieving family participation.