bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“It's in the family circle”: Communication promoting Indigenous family resilience
Authors: McKinley Catherine E. , Lilly Jenn 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveWe use the Framework of Historical Oppression, Resilience, and Transcendence (FHORT) to investigate the framework's core concept of family resilience and related protective and promotive factors that contribute to greater resilience, namely communication.BackgroundScant research has examined communication in Indigenous families; yet general research suggests that family communication is a prominent aspect of family resilience.MethodsIn this exploratory sequential mixed‐methods study with data from 563 Indigenous participants (n = 436 qualitative andn = 127 quantitative survey), thematic reconstructive analysis was used to qualitatively understand participants' experiences of family communication and quantitatively examine protective factors for family resilience.ResultsThe following themes related to family communication as a component of family resilience emerged from qualitative analysis: “It's in the Family Circle”: Discussing Problems as a Family with the subtheme: Honesty between Partners; (b) “Never Bring Adult Business into Kids' Lives”: Keeping Adult Conversations Private; and (c) “Trust Us Enough to Come to Us”: Open Communication between Parents and Children. Regression analysis indicated that higher community and social support, relationship quality, and life satisfaction were associated with greater family resilience.ConclusionsPositive communication practices are a strong component of resilience, healthy Indigenous families. Promotive factors at the community (social and community support), relational (relationship quality), and individual (life satisfaction) levels positively contribute to Indigenous family resilience.ImplicationsClinical programs providing practical tools to foster healthy communication – both about difficult topics as well as positive topics – are promising avenues to foster resilience.
Sensitization in situ: Identifying interindividual differences in adolescentsʼ intraindividual responsiveness to daily interparental conflict
Authors: Sloan Carlie J. , Fosco Gregory M. , Ram Nilam 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to provide a novel evaluation of adolescent sensitization to interparental conflict (IPC), which is thought to be a critical factor in understanding multifinality in risk outcomes.BackgroundAdolescentsʼ threat and self‐blame appraisals of IPC are mechanisms of risk for subsequent maladjustment. Youth who are exposed to high levels of frequent, intense, and unresolved interparental conflict are thought to become more reactive to future conflicts, a process labeled sensitization. We hypothesized that adolescents with more extensive histories of IPC would exhibit sensitization operationalized as greater intraindividual responsiveness to daily IPC. Sensitization may explain why some youth are more adversely affected by IPC than others.MethodA 21‐day daily diary study was conducted with 150 adolescents (61.3% girls) in 9th and 10th grade (Mage = 14.61) who resided in two‐caregiver families. Adolescents provided global and daily reports of IPC and threat and self‐blame appraisals.ResultsResults from multilevel models support a sensitization hypothesis for threat appraisals: Adolescents with greater histories of IPC exhibited stronger tendencies to appraise daily IPC as threatening. No support for sensitization was found for self‐blaming attributions.ConclusionFindings suggest a specific underlying process to sensitization in which accumulated exposure to IPC may lead adolescents to perceive subsequent conflicts as more threatening to them or the well‐being of the family.ImplicationsSensitization to IPC may involve the interaction of multiple timescales, including daily instances of conflict. Understanding historical exposure to IPC may guide interventionistsʼ efforts when working with adolescents coping with IPC.
Perennial grass bioenergy cropping systems: Impacts on soil fauna and implications for soil carbon accrual
Authors: Zahorec Allison , Reid Matthew L. , Tiemann Lisa K. , Landis Douglas A. 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTPerennial grass energy crop production is necessary for the successful and sustainable expansion of bioenergy in North America. Numerous environmental advantages are associated with perennial grass cropping systems, including their potential to promote soil carbon accrual. Despite growing research interest in the abiotic and biotic factors driving soil carbon cycling within perennial grass cropping systems, soil fauna remain a critical yet largely unexplored component of these ecosystems. By regulating microbial activity and organic matter decomposition dynamics, soil fauna influence soil carbon stability with potentially significant implications for soil carbon accrual. We begin by reviewing the diverse, predominantly indirect effects of soil fauna on soil carbon dynamics in the context of perennial grass cropping systems. Since the impacts of perennial grass energy crop production on soil fauna will mediate their potential contributions to soil carbon accrual, we then discuss how perennial grass energy crop traits, diversity, and management influence soil fauna community structure and activity. We assert that continued research into the interactions of soil fauna, microbes, and organic matter will be important for advancing our understanding of soil carbon dynamics in perennial grass cropping systems. Furthermore, explicit consideration of soil faunal effects on soil carbon can improve our ability to predict changes in soil carbon following perennial grass cropping system establishment. We conclude by addressing the major knowledge gaps that should be prioritized to better understand and model the complex connections between perennial grass bioenergy systems, soil fauna, and carbon accrual.
The effect of circulation conditions on the occurrence of cold episodes in summer in Central Europe
Authors: Tomczyk Arkadiusz M. , Sulikowska Agnieszka , Bednorz Ewa , Matzarakis Andreas 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe aims of the study were to assess the multiannual variability and trends of cold episodes in summer in Central Europe and to determine circulation conditions favouring their occurrence. The research was conducted based on data obtained for stations from Germany and Poland during the period 1966–2015. Cold episodes were understood as single cold days and cold spells. A cold day is defined as a day on which the maximum air temperature is lower than the 5th percentile of the local function of probability density determined from observation, and a cold spell was defined as at least two consecutive cold days. The observed increase in the air temperature in summer translated into a decrease in the number of cold episodes. The greatest changes in their number were recorded in the southern regions of the study area. On average, during the occurrence of cold episodes in summer in Central Europe, lower than usual sea level pressure was recorded, as well as lower persistence of the 300 hPa geopotential level, indicating the presence of cold air masses. Based on the minimum variance method, known as the Ward method, three circulation types were designated to cause the occurrence of cold episodes. The designated baric conditions caused advection of cold air masses from the northern sector. In each type, the largest T850 anomalies were recorded in Central Europe, reaching even less than −5°C.
Psychosocial factors and health practices in pregnancy: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Güney Esra , Ünver Hacer , Bal Zeynep , Uçar Tuba 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to investigate psychosocial, demographic and obstetric factors that affect health practices in pregnancy.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted with pregnant women selected by using random sampling in a public hospital in Turkey. The pregnant women (n = 383) completed the Health Practices Questionnaire in Pregnancy, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, the Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Multiple linear regression was used to examine predictors of participation in health practices. The variables were subjected to multiple linear regression analysis to estimate the effect of each independent variable (depression, anxiety, perceived social support, age, educational level, gestational week and parity) on the dependent variable (health practices).ResultsDepression and anxiety were not significantly related to gestational health practices. The multiple linear regression model showed that inadequate social support, low education level, early gestational week and high parity were significant predictors of nonengagement in favourable health practices during pregnancy.ConclusionsPregnant women with inadequate social support and specific demographic and obstetric characteristics are less likely to participate in gestational health practices. This study suggests that more attention should be paid to these groups to improve the health practices of pregnant women.
‘Stream and Learn’: An Experiment to Reconnect Design Students with Theoretical Contents during the Pandemic
Authors: Fernandes Clara Eloïse 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAs most GenZ and Millenial students now study at home, young people have shifted their media content consumption, with streaming platforms being among GenZ and Millenials favorites since the first lockdown. Could ‘Netflix and chill’ be turned into a creative learning activity for design students? As theoretical online learning is often associated with unliteral conference calls with no participation from students, we propose an experiment where joining an activity related to relaxation or even procrastination is the basis for a group assignment for design students. We will first address the curricular unit itself and how the pandemic ensued a new organisation around a specific assignment to motivate students on a multidisciplinary level by exhibiting their work online. We will then assess the results obtained in a satisfaction inquiry of the design students (N=70). Results show that online theoretic learning can incorporate multidisciplinary content and interactivity through existing platforms.
Changes in rumen microbial community composition in yak in response to seasonal variations
Authors: Huang Xiaodan , Mi Jiandui , Denman Stuart E. , Basangwangdui  , Pingcuozhandui  , Zhang Qiang , Long Ruijun , McSweeney Christopher S. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Aims
Yak is a dominant ruminant, well adapted to grazing on pasture year around in the harsh climate of the 3000-meter-high Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The complex microbial community that resides within the yak rumen is responsible for fermentation and contributes to its climatic adaptation. This study aimed to characterize the rumen microbiota responses to wide seasonal variations, especially those necessary for survival in the cold seasons.

Methods and Results
In the present study, we performed 16s rRNA gene sequencing to investigate the seasonal variations in microbiota composition, diversity and associated volatile fatty acids (VFAs) in yak rumen. The results showed that rumen microbiota were dominated by Bacteroides (72.13%–78.54%) and Firmicutes; the relative abundance of Firmicutes was higher in summer (17.44%) than in winter (10.67%; p &lt; 0.05). The distribution of taxa differed among spring, summer and winter rumen communities (PERMANOVA, p = 0.001), whereas other taxa (e.g., Fibrobacter, Verrucomicrobia, Anaerostipes and Paludibacter), which could potentially help overcome harsh climate conditions were observed in higher abundance during the cold spring and winter seasons. The highest total VFA concentration in the yak rumen was obtained in summer (p &lt; 0.05), followed by spring and winter, and both positive and negative correlations between VFAs and specific genera were revealed.

Conclusions
Microbiota in yak rumen appear to be highly responsive to seasonal variations. Considering environmental factors, we suggest that seasonal adaptation by microbial communities in rumen enables their hosts to survive seasonal scarcity and cold stress in the spring and winter.

Significance and Impact of Study
The present study furthers our understanding of how microbial adaptation to seasonal variations in nutrient availability and climate may function in high plateau ruminants, providing insights into the tripartite relationship between the environment, host and microbiota.
Testing the relationship between patient‐related stressor, psychological distress, work engagement, job satisfaction and recovery attitude among psychiatric nurses in Japan
Authors: Mukaihata Tsuyoshi , Greiner Chieko , Fujimoto Hirokazu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimsTo test the relationship between patient‐related stressor, psychological distress, work engagement and outcomes (job satisfaction and recovery attitude) among psychiatric nurses in Japan. Specifically, we tested the following hypotheses: psychological distress mediates the relationship between patient‐related stressor and outcomes and work engagement moderates the direct and indirect effects of patient‐related stressor on outcomes.DesignCross‐sectional study.MethodsIn total, 446 psychiatric nurses in Japan responded to a self‐reported questionnaire between August and October 2018. Data on demographics, patient‐related stressor, job satisfaction, recovery attitude, psychological distress and work engagement were collected, followed by a moderated mediation analysis using hierarchical regression and structural equation modeling (SEM).ResultsRegression analysis indicated that psychological distress mediated the negative relationship between patient‐related stressor and job satisfaction and that work engagement moderated the direct and indirect effects of patient‐related stressor on job satisfaction. In particular, the higher the work engagement, the higher the indirect effect, but the lower the direct effect. Additionally, no mediation of psychological distress and moderation of work engagement was observed in the relationship between patient‐related stressor and recovery attitude; however, work engagement directly increased recovery attitude. Results of the SEM test showed a satisfactory fit of the final model.ConclusionsWork engagement facilitates recovery attitude and increases the indirect effect of patient‐related stressor on job satisfaction through psychological distress. However, work engagement decreases the direct effect not mediated by psychological distress.ImpactThis study addresses an essential topic, that is, psychiatric nurse job outcomes (job satisfaction and recovery attitude) are negatively influenced by patient‐related stressor. Work engagement has multiple beneficial effects on outcomes as both a facilitator and moderator; thus, programs that improve work engagement are useful for psychiatric nurses. Furthermore, programs may be enhanced considering that work engagement decreases the direct effect of patient‐related stressor on job satisfaction.
Clinical practice guidelines for the prevention and management of frailty: A systematic review
Authors: Zheng Lufang , Li Guichen , Qiu Yiming , Wang Cong , Wang Chunyan , Chen Li 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimsTo systematically search for clinical practice guidelines focusing on the prevention and management of frailty, to evaluate their methodological quality and to synthesize the consensus recommendations.DesignA systematic review.Data SourcesGuideline websites, related professional association websites and electronic databases were systematically searched through 4 November 2020.Review MethodsWe evaluated the methodological quality of the eligible guidelines using the Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II). Two reviewers synthesized the consensus recommendations proposed by at least two guidelines.ResultsEight guidelines met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. The mean scores of the six domains were as follows: the ‘scope and purpose’ domain scored 88.0%, the ‘clarity of presentation’ domain scored 81.9%, the ‘stakeholder involvement’ domain scored 63.4%, the ‘editorial independence’ domain scored 62.2%, the ‘rigour of development’ domain scored 61.1% and the ‘applicability’ domain scored 57.8%. In total, we synthesized 23 recommendations for the prevention and management of frailty that are consistent among the included guidelines.ConclusionsThe number of clinical practice guidelines for the prevention and management of frailty is limited. The methodological quality of existing guidelines needs to be improved. Our synthesized findings provide an intuitive, convenient and summative reference resource for frailty prevention and management. It’ is worth noting that recommendations described in the included guidelines require additional detail.ImpactAlthough the prevention and management of frailty is urgent, there is currently a lack of evidences guiding these processes, especially in the prevention. The methodological quality of existing guidelines is insufficient, and the recommendations described in the guidelines require additional detail. Therefore, users of these guidelines, especially nurses, should make a careful decision according to the specific situation when using. Nurses also have a key role in providing more clinical evidences for the improvement of the quality of the guidelines.
Conquering the cytokine storm in COVID‐19‐induced ARDS using placenta‐derived decidua stromal cells
Authors: Sadeghi Behnam , Roshandel Elham , Pirsalehi Ali , Kazemi Sepide , Sankanian Ghazaleh , Majidi Mohammad , Salimi Maryam , Aghdami Nasser , Sadrosadat Hoda , Samadi Kochaksaraei Sarvenaz , Alaeddini Farshid , Ringden Olle , Hajifathali Abbas 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAcute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is the most common cause of death in COVID‐19 patients. The cytokine storm is the main driver of the severity and magnitude of ARDS. Placenta‐derived decidua stromal cells (DSCs) have a stronger immunosuppressive effect than other sources of mesenchymal stromal cells. Safety and efficacy study included 10 patients with a median age of 50 (range 14–68) years with COVID‐19‐induced ARDS. DSCs were administered 1–2 times at a dose of 1 × 106/kg. End points were safety and efficacy by survival, oxygenation and effects on levels of cytokines. Oxygenation levels increased from a median of 80.5% (range 69–88) to 95% (range 78–99) (p = 0.012), and pulmonary infiltrates disappeared in all patients. Levels of IL‐6 decreased from a median of 69.3 (range 35.0–253.4) to 11 (range 4.0–38.3) pg/ml (p = 0.018), and CRP decreased from 69 (range 5–169) to 6 (range 2–31) mg/ml (p = 0.028). Two patients died, one of a myocardial infarction and the other of multiple organ failure, diagnosed before the DSC therapy. The other patients recovered and left the intensive care unit (ICU) within a median of 6 (range 3–12) days. DSC therapy is safe and capable of improving oxygenation, decreasing inflammatory cytokine level and clearing pulmonary infiltrates in patients with COVID‐19.
Correlated evolution of larval development, egg size and genome size across two genera of snapping shrimp
Authors: Hultgren Kristin M. , Chak Solomon T. C. , Bjelajac Jeremy , Macdonald Kenneth S. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAcross plants and animals, genome size is often correlated with life‐history traits: large genomes are correlated with larger seeds, slower development, larger body size and slower cell division. Among decapod crustaceans, caridean shrimps are among the most variable both in terms of genome size variation and life‐history characteristics such as larval development mode and egg size, but the extent to which these traits are associated in a phylogenetic context is largely unknown. In this study, we examine correlations among egg size, larval development and genome size in two different genera of snapping shrimp, Alpheus and Synalpheus, using phylogenetically informed analyses. In both Alpheus and Synalpheus, egg size is strongly linked to larval development mode: species with abbreviated development had significantly larger eggs than species with extended larval development. We produced the first comprehensive dataset of genome size in Alpheus (n = 37 species) and demonstrated that genome size was strongly and positively correlated with egg size in both Alpheus and Synalpheus. Correlated trait evolution analyses showed that in Alpheus, changes in genome size were clearly dependent on egg size. In Synalpheus, evolutionary path analyses suggest that changes in development mode (from extended to abbreviated) drove increases in egg volume; larger eggs, in turn, resulted in larger genomes. These data suggest that variation in reproductive traits may underpin the high degree of variation in genome size seen in a wide variety of caridean shrimp groups more generally.
Review of theLepadichthys lineatuscomplex (Gobiesocidae: Diademichthyinae) with descriptions of three new species
Authors: Fujiwara Kyoji , Motomura Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTheLepadichthys lineatuscomplex (Gobiesocidae: Diademichthyinae) is defined by three unique characters withinLepadichthys: (a) upper‐jaw lip fused with snout skin, usually lacking a distinct groove between the dorsal lip margin and snout (if present, very weak, restricted to posterior portion of jaw); (b) snout tip well extended, distinctly beyond lower‐jaw tip; and (c) inner surface of both lips with oral papillae. A taxonomic review of the complex recognized four valid species:Lepadichthys geminussp. nov. (southern Japan and Indonesia),Lepadichthys heemstraorumsp. nov. (southwestern Indian Ocean),Lepadichthys polyastroussp. nov. (southwestern Indian Ocean) andL. lineatusBriggs, 1966 (Red Sea, Arabian Sea, Seychelles and Sri Lanka).L. geminusandL. lineatusare distinct fromL. heemstraorumandL. polyastrousin having a circular (vs. elliptical) disc and more posteriorly located anus [L. geminusandL. lineatuswith disc length and width 15.0–18.7 (mean 16.9) and 12.9–16.5 (14.6) %LS, respectively, and length to width ratio 1.03–1.25 cf.L. heemstraorumandL. polyastrous, 17.0–21.5 (18.9) and 11.6–15.2 (13.0) %LS, respectively, and 1.26–1.61; pre‐anus length and disc to anus length 65.1–73.6 (68.7) and 25.7–31.6 (28.6) %LS, respectivelyvs. 60.2–68.3 (65.3) and 21.6–28.9 (25.5) %LS, respectively]. Body depth (as % ofLS) is also useful to distinguishL. geminusandL. polyastrousfromL. heemstraorumandL. lineatus[viz., 12.7–16.1 (14.4) inL. geminusand 10.8–14.9 (13.1) inL. polyastrous vs. 15.0–17.1 (15.9) inL. heemstraorumand 14.6–18.9 (16.8) inL. lineatus].L. geminusdiffers distinctly from other species in the complex as follows: snout tip directed upward, usually on same horizontal level with lower margin of eye lens (lateral view) (vs. directed somewhat downward, horizontal level usually between lower margins of eye and eye lens inL. heemstraorumandL. lineatus, lower margin of eye inL. polyastrous); and lower abdomen with two yellow stripes (vs. a single stripe along ventral midline inL. polyastrousandL. lineatus, unknown inL. heemstraorum).L. polyastroushas unique patterns of yellow dots on the dorsal and ventral body surfaces, formingc. six to eight and three to five longitudinal rows, respectively [vs. usually formingc. three to five longitudinal rows and a single broken line, respectively, inL. geminusandL. lineatus; yellow dots usually absent inL. heemstraorum]. A poorly known species,Lepadichthys caritusBriggs, 1969, is regarded as a junior synonym ofL. lineatus.