bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OsSWEET11b, a sixth leaf blight susceptibility gene involved in sugar transport-dependent male fertility
Authors: Wu Lin-Bo , Eom Joon-Seob , Isoda Reika , Li Chenhao , Char Si Nian , Luo Dangping , Luu Van Thi , Nakamura Masayoshi , Yang Bing , Frommer Wolf B. 
Published: August 2021

SummarySWEETs play important roles in intercellular sugar transport. Induction of SWEET sugar transporters by transcription activator-like effectors (TALe) ofXanthomonasssp. is a key factor for bacterial leaf blight (BLB) infection of rice, cassava and cotton. Here, we identified the so far unknown OsSWEET11b with roles in male fertility and BLB susceptibility in rice. While singleossweet11aorbmutants were fertile, double mutants were sterile. Since clade III SWEETs can transport gibberellin (GA), a key hormone for rice spikelet fertility, sterility and BLB susceptibility might be explained by GA transport deficiencies. However, in contrast to the Arabidopsis homologs, OsSWEET11b did not mediate detectable GA transport. Fertility and susceptibility must therefore depend on SWEET11b-mediated sucrose transport. Ectopic induction ofOsSWEET11bby designer TALe enables TALe-freeXanthomonas oryzaepv.oryzae(Xoo) to cause disease, identifyingOsSWEET11bas a BLB susceptibility gene and demonstrating that the induction of host sucrose uniporter activity is key to virulence ofXoo. Notably, only three of now six clade III SWEETs are targeted by knownXoostrains from Asia and Africa. The identification of OsSWEET11b has relevance in the context of fertility and for protecting rice against emergingXoostrains that evolve TALes to exploitOsSWEET11b.
Physiological and Genetic Drivers Underpinning Canopy Development are Associated with Durum Wheat Yield in Rainfed Environments
Authors: Kang Yichen , Haeften Shanice V. , Bustos-Korts Daniela , Vukasovic Stjepan , Khan Sana Ullah , Dinglasan Eric , Christopher Jack , Chenu Karine , Able Jason A. , Smith Millicent R. , Voss-Fels Kai P. , Potgieter Andries B. , Jordan David R. , Borrell Andrew K. , Alahmad Samir , Hickey Lee T. 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTNew durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. Durum) cultivars with improved adaptation to variable rainfall environments are required to sustain productivity in the face of climate change. Physiological traits related to canopy development underpin the production of biomass and yield, as they interact with solar radiation and affect the timing of water use throughout the growing season. This study explored the temporal canopy dynamics of durum wheat using a nested-association mapping population evaluated for longitudinal normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) measurements. Association mapping was performed to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for time-point NDVI and spline-smoothed NDVI trajectory traits. Yield effects associated with QTL for canopy development were investigated using data from four rainfed field trials. Four QTL associated with slower canopy closure, improved yield in specific environments, and notably, were not associated with a yield penalty in any environment. This was likely due to optimised timing of water-use and pleiotropic effects on yield component traits, including spike number and spike length. Overall, this study suggests that slower canopy closure is beneficial for durum wheat production in rainfed environments. Selection for traits or loci associated with canopy development may improve yield stability of durum wheat in water limited environments.
Decoding cellular deformation from pseudo-simultaneously observed Rho GTPase activities
Authors: Kunida Katsuyuki , Takagi Nobuhiro , Ikeda Kazushi , Nakamura Takeshi , Sakumura Yuichi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe inability to simultaneously observe all of the important Rho GTPases (Cdc42, Rac1, and RhoA) has prevented us from obtaining evidence of their coordinated regulation during cell deformation. Here, we propose Motion-Triggered Average (MTA), an algorithm that converts individually observed GTPases into pseudo-simultaneous observations. Using the time series obtained by MTA and mathematical model, we succeeded for the first time in decoding the cell edge velocity from the three GTPase activities to provide clear numerical evidence for coordinated cell edge regulation by the three GTPases. We found that the characteristics of the obtained activities were consistent with those of previous studies, and that GTPase activities and their derivatives were involved in edge regulation. Our approach provides an effective strategy for using single-molecule observations to elucidate problems hampered by the lack of simultaneous observations.
AlphaFold2 transmembrane protein structure prediction shines
Authors: Hegedűs Tamás , Geisler Markus , Lukács Gergely , Farkas Bianka 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTransmembrane (TM) proteins are major drug targets, indicated by the high percentage of prescription drugs acting on them. For a rational drug design and an understanding of mutational effects on protein function, structural data at atomic resolution are required. However, hydrophobic TM proteins often resist experimental structure determination and in spite of the increasing number of cryo-EM structures, the available TM folds are still limited in the Protein Data Bank. Recently, the DeepMind’s AlphaFold2 machine learning method greatly expanded the structural coverage of sequences, with high accuracy. Since the employed algorithm did not take specific properties of TM proteins into account, the validity of the generated TM structures should be assessed. Therefore, we investigated the quality of structures at genome scales, at the level of ABC protein superfamily folds, and also in specific individual cases. We tested template-free structure prediction also with a new TM fold, dimer modeling, and stability in molecular dynamics simulations. Our results strongly suggest that AlphaFold2 performs astoundingly well in the case of TM proteins and that its neural network is not overfitted. We conclude that a careful application of its structural models will advance TM protein associated studies at an unexpected level.
A robust ex vivo system to study cellular dynamics underlying mouse peri-implantation development
Authors: Ichikawa Takafumi , Zhang Hui Ting , Panavaite Laura , Erzberger Anna , Fabrèges Dimitri , Snajder Rene , Wolny Adrian , Korotkevich Ekaterina , Tsuchida-Straeten Nobuko , Hufnagel Lars , Kreshuk Anna , Hiiragi Takashi 
Published: August 2021

SUMMARYUpon implantation, mammalian embryos undergo major morphogenesis and key developmental processes such as body axis specification and gastrulation. However, limited accessibility obscures study of these crucial processes. Here, we develop an ex vivo Matrigel-collagen-based culture to recapitulate mouse development from E4.5 to 6.0. Our system not only recapitulates embryonic growth, axis initiation, and overall 3D architecture in 49% of cases, its compatibility with light-sheet microscopy enables study of cellular dynamics through automatic cell segmentation. We find that upon implantation, release of the increasing tension in the polar trophectoderm is necessary for its constriction and invagination. The resulting extra-embryonic ectoderm plays a key role in growth, morphogenesis and patterning of the neighboring epiblast, which subsequently gives rise to all embryonic tissues. This 3D-ex vivo system thus offers an unprecedented access to peri-implantation development for in toto monitoring, measurement and spatio-temporally controlled perturbation, revealing a mechano-chemical interplay between extra-embryonic and embryonic tissues.
Population birth outcomes in 2020 and experiences of expectant mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a ‘Born in Wales’ mixed methods study using routine data
Authors: Jones Hope , Seaborne Mike , Cowley Laura , Odd David , Paranjothy Shantini , Akbari Ashley , Brophy Sinead 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundPregnancy can be a stressful time and the COVID-19 pandemic has affected all aspects of life. This study aims to investigate the impact of the pandemic on population birth outcomes in Wales, rates of primary immunisations and examine expectant mothers’ experiences of pregnancy including self-reported levels of stress and anxiety.MethodsPopulation-level birth outcomes in Wales: Stillbirths, prematurity, birth weight and Caesarean section births before (2016–2019) and during (2020) the pandemic were compared using national-level routine anonymised data held in the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) Databank. The first three scheduled primary immunisations were compared between 2019 and 2020. Self-reported pregnancy experience: 215 expectant mothers (aged 16+) in Wales completed an online survey about their experiences of pregnancy during the pandemic. The qualitative survey data was analysed using codebook thematic analysis.FindingsThere was no significant difference between annual outcomes including gestation and birth weight, stillbirths, and Caesarean sections for infants born in 2020 compared to 2016-2019. There was an increase in late term births (≥42 weeks gestation) during the first lockdown (OR: 1.28, p=0.019) and a decrease in moderate to late preterm births (32-36 weeks gestation) during the second lockdown (OR: 0.74, p=0.001). Fewer babies were born in 2020 (N=29,031) compared to 2016-2019 (average N=32,582). All babies received their immunisations in 2020, but there were minor delays in the timings of vaccines. Those due at 8-weeks were 8% less likely to be on time (within 28-days) and at 16-weeks, they were 19% less likely to be on time. The pandemic had a negative impact on the mental health of 71% of survey respondents, who reported anxiety, stress and loneliness; this was associated with attending scans without their partner, giving birth alone, and minimal contact with midwives.InterpretationThe pandemic had a negative impact on mothers’ experiences of pregnancy; however, population-level data suggests that this did not translate to adverse birth outcomes for babies born during the pandemic.
Proposed independent organisational structure for memory institutions in Zimbabwe and South Africa
Authors: Bhebhe Sindiso 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
The idea of convergence of cultural institutions, especially the libraries, archives and museums (LAMS) to operate as one, has a long theoretical history which unfortunately has not been translated into practice. This subject has been discussed by a number of scholars but the implementation has just remained theoretical with only a few countries practically adopting such an organisational structure. In Africa, this concept of LAMS is yet to gain traction. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is aimed at proposing such LAMS structures for African nations, especially in Zimbabwe and South Africa considering the emergence of community “archives” which have blurred further the distinction between museology, archiving and librarianship. The motivation in advocating for the adoption of LAMS is also driven by the theory behind participatory archives which thrive on the advanced use of internet including social media platforms that can make it possible to have one-stop virtual archive on the cloud that also incorporates museums and libraries.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a concept paper which reviewed the literature on national and community archives in Zimbabwe and South Africa which were purposively selected because of their long history in archiving. This was done to come up with a proposed “independent” national heritage organisational structure. “Independent” structure because this paper was based on the assumption that the independence of decision-making in national archival structures in Zimbabwe and South Africa is compromised and biased towards the ethos of political parties’ ruling governments.

Findings
Proposed integrated framework for community archives into the sustainable national archival system which also incorporates the role that can be played by universities. The framework is likely to be feasible and of benefit in the countries that are struggling to have national mainstream independent archives which are just not paying allegiance to those who are in power.

Originality/value
This study is unique in the sense that it mixes LAMS and the concept of independent archival structure in a regional comparative nature that involves Zimbabwe and South Africa.
RML based ontology development approach in internet of things for healthcare domain
Authors: Ahamed Jameel , Mir Roohie Naaz , Chishti Mohammad Ahsan 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
A huge amount of diverse data is generated in the Internet of Things (IoT) because of heterogeneous devices like sensors, actuators, gateways and many more. Due to assorted nature of devices, interoperability remains a major challenge for IoT system developers. The purpose of this study is to use mapping techniques for converting relational database (RDB) to resource directory framework (RDF) for the development of ontology. Ontology helps in achieving semantic interoperability in application areas of IoT which results in shared/common understanding of the heterogeneous data generated by the diverse devices used in health-care domain.

Design/methodology/approach
To overcome the issue of semantic interoperability in healthcare domain, the authors developed an ontology for patients having cardio vascular diseases. Patients located at any place around the world can be diagnosed by Heart Experts located at another place by using this approach. This mechanism deals with the mapping of heterogeneous data into the RDF format in an integrated and interoperable manner. This approach is used to integrate the diverse data of heart patients needed for diagnosis with respect to cardio vascular diseases. This approach is also applicable in other fields where IoT is mostly used.

Findings
Experimental results showed that the RDF works better than the relational database for semantic interoperability in the IoT. This concept-based approach is better than key-based approach and reduces the computation time and storage of the data.

Originality/value
The proposed approach helps in overcoming the demerits of relational database like standardization, expressivity, provenance and supports SPARQL. Therefore, it helps to overcome the heterogeneity, thereby enabling the semantic interoperability in IoT.
A novel design layout of three disjoint paths multistage interconnection network & its reliability analysis
Authors: Sharma Vipin , Ansari Abdul Q. , Mishra Rajesh 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to design a efficient layout of Multistage interconnection network which has cost effective solution with high reliability and fault-tolerence capability. For parallel computation, various multistage interconnection networks (MINs) have been discussed hitherto in the literature, however, these networks always required further improvement in reliability and fault-tolerance capability. The fault-tolerance capability of the network can be achieved by increasing the number of disjoint paths as a result the reliability of the interconnection networks is also improved.

Design/methodology/approach
This proposed design is a modification of gamma interconnection network (GIN) and three disjoint path gamma interconnection network (3-DGIN). It has a total seven number of paths for all tag values which is uniform out of these seven paths, three paths are disjoint paths which increase the fault tolerance capability by two faults. Due to the presence of more paths than the GIN and 3-DGIN, this proposed design is more reliable.

Findings
In this study, a new design layout of a MIN has been proposed which provides three disjoint paths and uniformity in terms of an equal number of paths for all source-destination (S-D) pairs. The new layout contains fewer nodes as compared to GIN and 3-DGIN. This design provides a symmetrical structure, low cost, better terminal reliability and provides an equal number of paths for all tag values (|S-D|) when compared with existing MINs of this class.

Originality/value
A new design layout of MINs has been purposed and its two terminal reliability is calculated with the help of the reliability block diagram technique.
A novel OTP based tripartite authentication scheme
Authors: Lone Sajaad Ahmed , Mir Ajaz Hussain 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
Because of the continued use of mobile, cloud and the internet of things, the possibility of data breaches is on the increase. A secure authentication and authorization strategy is a must for many of today’s applications. Authentication schemes based on knowledge and tokens, although widely used, lead to most security breaches. While providing various advantages, biometrics are also subject to security threats. Using multiple factors together for authentication provides more certainty about a user’s identity; thus, leading to a more reliable, effective and more difficult for an adversary to intrude. This study aims to propose a novel, secure and highly stable multi-factor one-time password (OTP) authentication solution for mobile environments, which uses all three authentication factors for user authentication.

Design/methodology/approach
The proposed authentication scheme is implemented as a challenge-response authentication where three factors (username, device number and fingerprint) are used as a secret key between the client and the server. The current scheme adopts application-based authentication and guarantees data confidentiality and improved security because of the integration of biometrics with other factors and each time new challenge value by the server to client for OTP generation.

Findings
The proposed authentication scheme is implemented on real android-based mobile devices, tested on real users; experimental results show that the proposed authentication scheme attains improved performance. Furthermore, usability evaluation proves that proposed authentication is effective, efficient and convenient for users in mobile environments.

Originality/value
The proposed authentication scheme can be adapted as an effective authentication scheme to accessing critical information using android smartphones.
Personal cultural orientation and green purchase intention: a case of electric two-wheelers in India
Authors: Ray Sujit Kumar , Sahney Sangeeta 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThis study aims to obtain an understanding of the impact of personal cultural orientation on potential consumers’ intention toward the purchase of high-involvement green products, specifically, electric two-wheelers in India, which is one of the largest emerging markets of the world.Design/methodology/approachA self-administered questionnaire comprising a total of 30 items was administered over a sample of 582 respondents. The structural equation modeling using partial least square was used to analyze the relative impact of different cultural dimensions on consumers’ green purchase intention. Geert Hofstede’s typology of culture was used to represent personal cultural orientation and four of the five dimensions, namely, collectivism, long-term orientation (LTO), masculinity and uncertainty avoidance were studied.FindingsFindings of the study revealed that collectivism, LTO and masculinity appear to be significant cultural dimensions that influence Indian consumers’ intention to purchase electric two-wheelers. Collectivism is the most influential dimension, followed by LTO and masculinity.Research limitations/implicationsThis study helps in expanding literature in the area of green purchase by providing insight on how consumers’ individual cultural orientation influences their purchase of eco-friendly products such as electric two-wheelers.Practical implicationsThe findings of the study offer insights, which can be useful for marketers in developing various promotional strategies, as consumers’ cultural values have significant implications for decisions with respect to the advertisement content.Originality/valueThis study illustrates the relative impact of different dimensions of national culture (measured at consumers’ personal level) on consumers’ green purchase intention. Such a study appears to be important in extending current knowledge on green purchase behavior in one of the largest emerging markets such as India.
Classifying changes. A taxonomy of contemporary coworking spaces
Authors: Orel Marko , Bennis Will Martin 
Published: August 2021

PurposeDuring the past decade, the coworking concept has expanded and evolved along with the industry associated with it, so that references to coworking often refer to notions quite distinct from the original conception. The purpose of this paper is to establish a classification of contemporary coworking environments and clarify the scholarly, as well as the industry usage of a coworking model.Design/methodology/approachThe paper reviews popular and scientific literature and the authors’ field experience in the industry to derive three defining features of coworking and distinct categories that help clarify the concept and can be used to identify and evaluate coworking spaces.FindingsThe main finding behind the following paper is the taxonomy of contemporary coworking spaces that takes into account the broad spectrum of shared workspaces that commonly receive the coworking label, specifies the features required to warrant that label and provides a framework for understanding the defining factors of a coworking model. The taxonomy showcases four unalike types of coworking spaces and the three types of non-coworking shared offices that are repeatedly and somewhat mistakenly labeled as coworking environments.Originality/valueUnderstanding the core differentiation between unalike models would enable scholars to guide and structure the study to evolve in coworking research. The taxonomy can be seen as a base for further research in the field of coworking that helps ensure scholars are sufficiently specific and distinctive in the shared subject of their research, suggests a roadmap for future coworking research and provides a tool to evaluate real-world examples of work environments concerning the degree they fit the coworking concept.
Does the good lives model work? A systematic review of the recidivism evidence
Authors: Zeccola Jenna , Kelty Sally Fiona , Boer Douglas 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the efficacy of good lives model (GLM) interventions on the recidivism outcomes of convicted offenders.

Design/methodology/approach
The review adhered to preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis and Cochrane guidelines. Digital databases were searched and articles reporting outcomes of the GLM amongst convicted offenders and outcomes including recidivism data and pre-post measures of dynamic risk were included in a narrative synthesis.

Findings
Of 1,791 articles screened, only six studies met the criteria for review. Key findings were: in half the reviewed studies, GLM did not increase recidivism risk; in half the reviewed studies, only when the correct treatment dosage was applied that some evidence of risk reduction was found; there was limited support for GLM increasing or sustaining motivation for resistance from reoffending. Research for the review was limited and support for the GLM in reducing recidivism rates was not established.

Practical implications
In this 2021 review, the authors examined the efficacy of the GLM in reducing recidivism. This addresses a gap in the literature. The authors found that there is insufficient evidence to suggest that the GLM can reduce recidivism. This has implications for practitioners who wish to deliver evidence-based practices in prison/community settings. There is currently not enough peer-reviewed evidence to unequivocally confirm the efficacy of the GLM. The authors recommended additional quality programme outcome research be carried out.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to assess quantitative and qualitative studies on the efficacy of the GLM and provides foundations for future research.