bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Оцінка ефективності лікування пацієнтів із перилімфатичними фістулами різного генезу
Authors: Шербул О. В. , Сребняк І. А. , Борисенко О. М. , Шевченко Т. О. 
Published: May 2021

Мета роботи: провести оцінку ефективності лікування пацієнтів із спонтанними та набутими ПЛФ при ХГСО з холестеатомою шляхом дослідження клініко-аудіологічних результатів після використання мініінвазивних мікрохірургічних методів хірургічного лікування з оптимальною комбінованою візуалізацією ураженої ділянки.
Матеріали і методи. Обстежено 33 пацієнти з ПЛФ різного генезу віком від 20 до 62 років, які знаходилися на лікуванні у відділі мікрохірургії вуха. Пацієнти були розподілені на групи залежно від етіологічного чинника виникнення ПЛФ. I групу склали пацієнти зі спонтанною ПЛФ (n=13), II групу – пацієнти з холестеатомною формою ХГСО та набутою ПЛФ (n=20).
Всім пацієнтам проводили: отомікроскопію, тональну порогову аудіометрію, імпедансометрію, комп’ютерну томографію скроневих кісток (КТ) та магнітно-резонансну томографію головного мозку (МРТ).
Результати оцінювали до та після лікування, через 6 місяців після операційного лікування, використовуючи міжнародну класифікацію порушень слуху за даними ВООЗ.
Всім пацієнтам були проведені операційні втручання – мініінвазивна тимпанотомія з використанням комбінованої мікроскопічної та ендоскопічної візуалізації ділянки ПЛФ та пластики ділянки фістули пломбувальним матеріалом.
Статистичну обробку отриманих результатів проводили із використанням ліцензійного пакета “MSExсel 2010ˮ та “Statisticav-8.0ˮ з використанням відповідних методів статистичної обробки даних.
Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. У пацієнтів обох дослідних груп визначалось зменшення порогів сприйняття звуків по КП на всіх дослідних частотах в терміни 6 місяців після хірургічного лікування.
У пацієнтів I групи до операційного лікування пороги сприйняття звуків по КП визначалися від 29,2 до 58,8 дБ, а у пацієнтів II складали від 6,3 до 25,0 дБ.
У терміни 6 місяців після операції визначалася тенденція до зменшення порогів сприйняття звуків по КП у пацієнтів обох груп, а у пацієнтів II групи – достовірне зменшення вищевказаних порогів на всіх дослідних частотах від 4,5 до 21,8 дБ.
Зменшення порогів сприйняття ПП визначалося у всіх дослідних групах пацієнтів, з більш вираженими значеннями на частотах 500 Гц – 1 кГц у пацієнтів II групи та з тенденцією до зменшення на всіх дослідних частотах у пацієнтів I групи.
Також встановлено достовірне зменшення КПІ у пацієнтів обох дослідних групах через 6 місяців після проведеного хірургічного лікування, що вказує на функціональну ефективність проведеної мініінвазивної тимпанотомії з закриттям ПЛФ із використанням оптимальної комбінованої візуалізації.
Клінічний випадок синдрому Бадда – Кіарі в хірургічній практиці
Authors: Ковтонюк В. А. , Савенко В. А. , Самарець Е. Ф. , Лукʼяненко В. М. , Федюшкін С. О. , Єльчанінова Т. І. 
Published: May 2021

Мета роботи: наведено рідкісний випадок синдрому Бадда – Кіарі в хірургічній практиці, його ускладнення та труднощі діагностики.
При ретроспективному аналізі хвороби запідозрити у пацієнтки наявність синдрому Бадда – Кіарі можливо було лише при детальному зборі анамнезу захворювання, ретельному клінічному нагляді за перебігом хвороби з використанням комплексу лабораторних методів дослідження та сучасної діагностичної техніки. Це дає можливість своєчасно розпізнати і встановити до операції правильний діагноз: синдром Бадда – Кіарі. Незважаючи на проведену автопсію істинного етіологічного фактора виникнення синдрому Бадда – Кіарі встановити не вдалося.
Gastos com a judicialização de medicamentos: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Braga Bárbara Suellen Fonseca , Oliveira Yonara Monique da Costa , Ferreira Maria Angela Fernandes 
Published: May 2021

A judicialização da saúde é um fenômeno que se iniciou no Brasil após a promulgação da Constituição Federal de 1988, que normatizou a garantia à saúde como um direito social. A quantidade de ações judiciais que requerem do Estado algum insumo ou serviço de saúde vem crescendo a cada ano, o que afeta de forma direta o financiamento da saúde. Por isso, o objetivo deste estudo foi realizar um levantamento bibliográfico acerca dos gastos com a aquisição de medicamentos via demandas judiciais. Para tanto, foi feita uma revisão integrativa a partir de pesquisa nas bases de dados Medline, Lilacs, SciELO e Scopus. Inicialmente, foram encontrados 57 estudos, sendo realizadas a apreciação dos títulos e dos resumos e a análise em pares. Ao final da busca, estaram nove artigos que tinham dados suficientes para o estudo proposto e relação com os critérios de inclusão. Os textos selecionados, em sua maioria, concentraram-se nas regiões Sul e Sudeste do Brasil, tratando principalmente da requisição de medicamentos que atuam no sistema nervoso, mas também de agentes antineoplásicos e imunomoduladores (os mais onerosos). Pôde-se perceber, ainda, que não existe uma padronização na fonte dos dados financeiros e que o gasto com a judicialização dos medicamentos é elevado: tanto os estudos de abrangência municipal e estadual, como o que apenas analisou dados da União, apresentaram valores de R$ 350 mil até R$ 219 milhões. Além disso, observou-se a baixa presença dos medicamentos pedidos judicialmente nas listas oficiais.
Contrasting species diversification of Eutarsopolipus (Acariformes: Podapolipidae) on Castelnaudia and Notonomus (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Authors: SEEMAN OWEN D. 
Published: May 2021

Eutarsopolipus (Acari: Podapolipidae) is a large genus of mites parasitic in the subelytral space of carabid beetles. Herein, I explore the species radiations of Eutarsopolipus on the pterostichine genera Castelnaudia and Notonomus found in the rainforests of eastern Australia. Castelnaudia has an extraordinary radiation of podapolipid mite species, with most beetle species carrying multiple species of mites unique to each host. In contrast, each Notonomus species had just one species of Eutarsopolipus (with the exception of a single male mite of another species), and in four of the five host species examined, the single mite species could not be distinguished from each other. The host beetles and their new mite species are: Castelnaudia cordata with E. hebronae sp. nov., E. osculum sp. nov. and E. umbonatus sp. nov.; Castelnaudia eungella with E. savatus sp. nov.; Castelnaudia marginifera with E. labiatus sp. nov.; Castelnaudia mixta with E. mixtus sp. nov.; Castelnaudia porphyriaca with E. basiatus sp. nov., E. despoticus sp. nov. and E. teuceri sp. nov.; Castelnaudia septemcostata with E. nahmani sp. nov. and E. raveni sp. nov.; Castelnaudia setosiceps with E. hadros sp. nov.; Notonomus aurifer, N. dimorphicus, N. flos and N. spurgeoni with E. janus sp. nov.; and Notonomus transitus with E. biuncatus sp. nov. All the described species from Castelnaudia were from the ochoai species group, and the species on Notonomus were from the leytei species group. Ten additional undescribed species were also found on these hosts, all in numbers insufficient for description: nine from Castelnaudia (ochoai and pterostichi species groups) and one from Notonomus (undetermined species group). Synhospitality was common on Castelnaudia, with four species of Eutarsopolipus on C. cordata, C. eungella, C. porphyriaca and three on C. septemcostata. Co-infestation was also common, with one-third of infested beetles hosting two or more species of Eutarsopolipus. I speculate that the greater longevity and slower speciation rates of Castelnaudia have permitted more successful host-switching and speciation of its parasites.
Controls on Wintertime Nonbrightband Rain Rate and Frequency in California’s Northern Coast Ranges
Authors: Cann Matthew D. , White Allen B. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractNon-brightband (NBB) rain is a shallow, orographic precipitation that does not produce a radar brightband as a result of melting ice crystals. However, NBB rain is not the same as warm rain, which excludes ice from being involved in the microphysical growth of precipitation. Despite this difference, NBB rain is often treated as warm rain in the literature, and past studies have mostly ignored the role of ice. Here, we use two wet-seasons (2015-16 and 2016-17) at four precipitation observing sites in the Northern Coast Ranges of California to show the role of echo top height and ice in determining NBB rain intensity. It was found that NBB rain was only absent of brightbands 32-46% of the time depending on location of the site. Additionally, all NBB rain rates that exceeded 10 mm hr−1 exhibited observable brightbands during the hour period. We also define Growth Efficiency (GE) as the ability of shallow rain clouds to produce raindrops larger than drizzle size (D > 0.5 mm). High-GE rain drop size distributions were composed of fewer small drops and more large drops than low-GE rain, which was mostly drizzle. High-GE rain occurred with echo top heights above the freezing level where rapid growth of precipitation was observed by radar. Echo tops that only extended 1 km or less above the freezing level suggested hydrometeor growth from mixed-phase processes, indicating that ice may be present in coastal precipitation at warmer temperatures than previously considered.
Blending Noah, SMOS and In-Situ Soil Moisture Using Multiple Weighting and Sampling Schemes
Authors: Zhang Ning , Quiring Steven M. , Ford Trent W. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSoil moisture can be obtained from in-situ measurements, satellite observations, and model simulations. This study evaluates the importance of in-situ observations in soil moisture blending, and compares different weighting and sampling methods for combining model, satellite, and in-situ soil moisture data to generate an accurate and spatially-continuous soil moisture product at 4-km resolution. Four different datasets are used: Antecedent Precipitation Index (API), KAPI, which incorporates in-situ soil moisture observations with the API using regression kriging, SMOS L3 soil moisture, and model-simulated soil moisture from the Noah model as part of the North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS). Triple collocation, least square weighting, and equal weighting are used to generate blended soil moisture products. An enumerated weighting scheme is designed to investigate the impact of different weighting schemes. The sensitivity of the blended soil moisture products to sampling schemes, station density and data formats (absolute, anomalies and percentiles) are also investigated. The results reveal KAPI outperforms API. This indicates that incorporating in-situ soil moisture improves the accuracy of the blended soil moisture products. There are no statistically significant (p>0.05) differences between blended soil moisture using triple collocation and equal weighting approaches, and both methods provide sub-optimal weighting. Optimal weighting is achieved by assigning larger weights to KAPI and smaller weights to SMOS. Using multiple sources of soil moisture is helpful for reducing uncertainty and improving accuracy, especially when the sampling density is low, or the sampling stations are less representative. These results are consistent regardless of how soil moisture is represented (absolute, anomalies or percentiles).
The Relationship Between First-Year Learning Communities and Academic Performance in Introductory Psychology and Sociology
Authors: Ma-Kellams Christine , Kwon Roy 
Published: May 2021

Objective: How do learning communities influence academic performance in Introductory Psychology? Method: The present research examines the relationship between participation in first-year students learning communities and academic performance across a variety of course requirements (midterms, finals, papers, and class participation) in introductory psychology and, for comparison, sociology courses. Results: Students who took Introductory Psychology as part of a first-year-student learning community outperformed their peers (who took the same course without a learning community) on the first exam of the semester and were less likely to miss assignments but otherwise showed no significant differences on the other course assignments; introductory sociology students part of these communities showed even greater differences in performance that lasted through the end of the semester. Conclusion: First-year students learning communities offers significant albeit limited benefits for student performance in introductory courses in the social sciences. Teaching Implications: Short of institutional efforts to enact programming for first-year learning communities, introductory psychology instructors can attempt to simulate the experience of such communities by promoting a sense of belonging via extra-curricular service or discipline-related activities.
Passive noise control in buildings: An engineering case study of ducted systems
Authors: Ibarra-Zarate David I , Navas-Reascos Gustavo , Padilla-Ortiz AL 
Published: May 2021

The most common noise sources in buildings are related to Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems, plumbing systems, electrical systems and exterior sources. Passive Noise Control (PNC) techniques in buildings have been implemented in several ways. The aim of this work is to analyses the use of silencer to attenuate the noise in the ducts that are part of the ventilation systems in buildings, internal combustion systems, fans, gas conduction systems, boilers, etc. The main objective of a silencer is to reduce the transmission of noise, disturbing as little as possible the circulation of gas or liquid. In the first instance, the silencers are classified as reactive and dissipative, depending on whether the attenuation of the noise is produced by reflective or dissipative mechanisms, respectively. In a reactive silencer, the losses occur essentially due to the reflections of the sound waves in impedance discontinuities, such as widening or narrowing of the tube. In dissipative silencers, the flow is in contact with a large surface of absorbent material. The attenuation of the noise is then produced by visco-thermal losses in the porous material. In this work, a practical issue will be addressed with a noise reduction of 19 dBA in 60 Hz. Practical application Noise is a current issue in residential areas that could lead to health problems for people. The origin of these noises within buildings is very diverse, one of them is produced by ducts. Appling the PNC technique in modern building construction would be a good prevention practice. For this reason, in this project a PNC system was carried out in the ducts of a residential building, which could be used as a praiseworthy solution, avoiding problems for the inhabitants of these spaces.
Impact on monthly migraine days of discontinuing anti-CGRP antibodies after one year of treatment – a real-life cohort study
Authors: Gantenbein Andreas R , Agosti Reto , Gobbi Claudio , Flügel Dominique , Schankin Christoph J , Viceic Dragana , Zecca Chiara , Pohl Heiko 
Published: May 2021

Objective This study aims to analyse the effect of the discontinuation of anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide antibodies on monthly migraine days after 12 treatment months. Background Anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide antibodies have been a game changer in migraine prophylaxis. However, high treatment costs warrant reducing treatment duration to the essential minimum. Methods We collected data of patients with migraine who had received anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide antibodies and had received treatment for 12 months. Results We included 52 patients. The average number of monthly migraine days was 16 ± 7 days at baseline, 6 ± 6 in the third, and 5 ± 4 in the 12th treatment month. After treatment interruption, the number of monthly migraine days was 6 ± 4 days in the first month, 9 ± 4 days in the second, and 11 ± 5 days in the third month. Most patients (88.9%) restarted treatment. Conclusion Only little of the therapeutic effect of anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide antibodies outlasts their pharmacological effect. After treatment interruption, migraine frequency rose in most patients, and prophylaxis was required again in most cases. Limiting treatment to benefitting patients and confirming the need for prophylaxis periodically is reasonable. However, our data does not support the need for prescheduled treatment discontinuation after 12 months and a fixed duration of the treatment interruption of 3 months.
Social Support Networks and Foreign-Birth Status Associated With Obesity, Hypertension and Diabetes Prevalence Among 21-30 and 50-70 Year Old Adults Living in the San Francisco Bay Area
Authors: Cofie Leslie E. , Hirth Jacqueline M. , Lee Joseph G. L. 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To examine whether social network characteristics of US-and foreign-born individuals are related to hypertension, diabetes and obesity prevalence. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: Six San Francisco Bay Area counties. Participants: N = 1153 cohorts of young and older adults (21-30 and 50-70 years). Measures: Network structure and support measures were calculated using name elicitation and interpreter questions common in egocentric surveys. Hypertension and diabetes were self-reported, and overweight/obesity was determined using body mass index calculations. Foreign-birth status was based on country of birth. Analysis: Adjusted and unadjusted logistic regression models were used to examine associations between network characteristics and hypertension, diabetes and overweight/obesity. These relationships were tested for moderation by foreign-birth status, age and gender. Results: Higher percentages of family members (AOR = 4.16, CI: 1.61-10.76) and same-sex individuals (AOR = 3.41, CI: 1.25-9.35) in the composition of respondents’ networks were associated with overweight/obesity. Higher composition of family members (AOR = 3.54, CI: 1.09-11.48) was associated with hypertension. Respondents whose networks composed of higher numbers of advice individuals (AOR = 0.88, CI: 0.77-0.99), female respondents (AOR = 0.52, CI: 0.35-0.77) and foreign-born respondents (AOR = 0.54, CI: 0.32-0.92) were less likely to report overweight/obesity. Diabetes was associated with higher composition of individuals living within 5-minutes to respondents (AOR = 5.13, CI: 1.04-25.21). Conclusion: Family and network support members such as advice individuals could be potential targets for chronic disease prevention, particularly among older adults and immigrants.
Potentially Inappropriate Medication Usage in Older Adults in a Tertiary Academic Medical Center Emergency Department
Authors: Gardner Katelyn , Schwarz Kerry , Pearson Scott , Jacknin Gabrielle 
Published: May 2021

Background: The Beers Criteria® medications are potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) recommended by the American Geriatric Society to be avoided or used with caution in adults 65 years and older. The usage of PIMs in the emergency department (ED) setting is not well characterized. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usage of PIMS in the ED. Methods: This is a single center retrospective observational study of a random sample of patients aged 65 and older who presented to the ED during a 6-month timeframe. The primary outcome was the incidence of ED readmissions in patients administered or prescribed a PIM compared with patients who were not prescribed or administered a PIM. Secondary outcomes included ED length of stay (LOS) and hospital admission. Results: Out of 192 patients, there was a total of 58 patients (30.2%) in the PIM group and 134 patients (69.8%) in the No PIM group. ED re-presentation within 30 days occurred in 10 patients (17%) in the PIM group vs 26 patients (19%) in the No PIM group (p = 0.88). The median ED LOS was 227 minutes vs 208 minutes (p = 0.1679). Hospital admission within 30 days occurred in 4 patients (7%) in the PIM group and 13 patients (10%) in the No PIM group (p = 0.725). Conclusions: This analysis did not show statistically significant differences between patients who received a PIM compared to those who received an alternative medication with regard to re-presentation, admission, and ED LOS. ED LOS trended towards being longer in the PIM group.
Conversion Furlow Palatoplasty and the Use of Preoperative Video Nasendoscopy
Authors: Kaye Alison , Tracy Meghan , Noel-MacDonnell Janelle , Dent Kathryn 
Published: May 2021

Objective: To assess outcomes after conversion Furlow palatoplasty with and without routine preoperative flexible fiberoptic video nasendoscopy (FFVN). Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Tertiary Children’s Hospital. Patients: Greater than 3 years of age with cleft palate and velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) after straight-line palatoplasty requiring secondary surgery performed with a Furlow palatoplasty. Main Outcome Measures: The number of children with and without routine FFVN prior to conversion Furlow palatoplasty for VPI after initial straight-line palatoplasty. Groups were compared for surgical timing, speech outcomes, and need for additional surgery after conversion Furlow palatoplasty. Results: Fifty-eight patients underwent preoperative FFVN versus 29 without. Mean age at FFVN was 73.8 (SD 34) months. Mean age for secondary palatal surgery by conversion Furlow palatoplasty was 81.5 (SD 34.8) months with FFVN versus 73.4 (SD 34.0) months without FFVN. There was a significant difference ( P < .001) for VPI diagnosis and time to surgery between the groups. Preoperative hypernasality ratings were similar between groups. Postoperatively 65.5% of FFVN and non-FFVN patients corrected to normal resonance. Only 6.9% of all patients rated moderate-severe hypernasality after surgery compared to 42.5% preoperatively. Of total, 5.7% of patients had unchanged hypernasality and only 1 patient rated worse. Seven patients ultimately required additional surgery in attempt to normalize their resonance. Conclusions: Routine preoperative FFVN does not offer any advantage for improved outcomes in children undergoing conversion Furlow palatoplasty after straight-line repair. Routine preoperative FFVN was associated with increased time to surgery after diagnosis of VPI compared to those without FFVN.
Otitis Media and Hearing Loss in Patients With Nonsyndromic Craniosynostosis: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Grewal Jeewanjot S. , Cohn Jason E. , Burdett Jacob , Tampio Alex , Licata Jordan , Davis Wellington J. , Tatum Sherard A. , Nicholas Brian D. 
Published: May 2021

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to: (1) determine the prevalence of otitis media with effusion in patients with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis; (2) determine the prevalence of hearing loss in patients with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis; and (3) identify potential patterns and outcomes in patients with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted at 2 academic institutions, St Christopher’s Hospital for Children and SUNY Upstate Medical University, from January 2015 through August 2018, to identify patients having nonsyndromic craniosynostosis with a concurrent diagnosis of otitis media and/or hearing loss. The demographic data and categorical variables were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square testing, respectively. Results: In the entire cohort of patients (N = 113, age range 0-123 months), 36% had otitis media with effusion on either history, physical examination, tympanometry, and/or imaging. Half (50%) of patients with coronal synostosis had otitis media with effusion compared to sagittal (40.7%), metopic (26.3%), multiple (25%), and lambdoid (0%). However, these differences were not statistically significant ( P = .190). Most patients had normal hearing (91%), while a minority had either conductive (7%) or sensorineural (2%) hearing loss. Conclusion: The presence of otitis media in our cohort of patients with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis appears to be at the upper limit of normal when compared to historical rates in normocephalic children. Synostosis subtype did not appear to predict the presence of otitis media. Only 9% of patients with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis were found to have a hearing loss.