bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of biomarkers related to preoperative inflammatory and coagulation with postoperative in-hospital deaths in patients with type A acute aortic dissection
Authors: Li Ming , Xu Suochun , Yan Yang , Wang Haichen , Zheng Jianjie , Li Yongxin , Zhang Yongjian , Hao Junjun , Deng Chao , Zheng Xinglong , Liu Miaomiao , Gao Yang , Wang Xue , Xue Li 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyze the role of blood biomarkers regarding preoperative inflammation and coagulation in predicting the postoperative in-hospital mortality of patients with type A acute aortic dissection (AAD). A total of 206 patients with type A AAD who had received surgical treatment were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into two groups: the death group (28 patients who died during hospitalization) and the survival group (178 patients). Peripheral blood samples were collected before anesthesia induction. Preoperative levels of D-dimer, fibrinogen (FIB), platelet (PLT), white blood cells (WBC) and neutrophil (NEU) were compared between the two groups. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis were utilized to identify the independent risk factors for postoperative in-hospital deaths of patients with type A AAD. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to analyze the predictive value of these indices in the postoperative in-hospital mortality of the patients. Univariable logistic regression analysis showed that the P values of the five parameters including D-dimer, FIB, PLT, WBC and NEU were all less than 0.1, which may be risk factors for postoperative in-hospital deaths of patients with type A AAD. Further multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that higher preoperative D-dimer and WBC levels were independent risk factors for postoperative in-hospital mortality of patients with type A AAD. ROC curve analysis indicated that application of combining FIB and PLT could improve accuracy in prediction of postoperative in-hospital mortality in patients with type A AAD. Both preoperative D-dimer and WBC in patients with type A AAD may be used as independent risk factors for the postoperative in-hospital mortality of such patients. The combination of FIB and PLT may improve the accuracy of clinical prognostic assessment.
Association of the malate dehydrogenase-citrate synthase metabolon is modulated by intermediates of the Krebs tricarboxylic acid cycle
Authors: Omini Joy , Wojciechowska Izabela , Skirycz Aleksandra , Moriyama Hideaki , Obata Toshihiro 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (MDH)-citrate synthase (CS) multi-enzyme complex is a part of the Krebs tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle ‘metabolon’ which is enzyme machinery catalyzing sequential reactions without diffusion of reaction intermediates into a bulk matrix. This complex is assumed to be a dynamic structure involved in the regulation of the cycle by enhancing metabolic flux. Microscale Thermophoresis analysis of the porcine heart MDH-CS complex revealed that substrates of the MDH and CS reactions, NAD+ and acetyl-CoA, enhance complex association while products of the reactions, NADH and citrate, weaken the affinity of the complex. Oxaloacetate enhanced the interaction only when it was present together with acetyl-CoA. Structural modeling using published CS structures suggested that the binding of these substrates can stabilize the closed format of CS which favors the MDH-CS association. Two other TCA cycle intermediates, ATP, and low pH also enhanced the association of the complex. These results suggest that dynamic formation of the MDH-CS multi-enzyme complex is modulated by metabolic factors responding to respiratory metabolism, and it may function in the feedback regulation of the cycle and adjacent metabolic pathways.
Acute benzo[a]pyrene exposure induced oxidative stress, neurotoxicity and epigenetic change in blood clam Tegillarca granosa
Authors: Guo Baoying , Feng Dan , Xu Zhongtian , Qi Pengzhi , Yan Xiaojun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe blood clam (Tegillarca granosa) is being developed into a model bivalve mollusc for assessing and monitoring marine pollution on the offshore seabed. However, the information on the response of blood clam to PAHs, an organic pollutant usually deposited in submarine sediment, remains limited. Herein, we employed multiple biomarkers, including histological changes, oxidative stress, neurotoxicity and global DNA methylation, to investigate the effects of 10 and 100 μg/L Bap exposure on the blood clams under laboratory conditions, as well as the potential mechanisms. Acute Bap exposure can induce significant morphological abnormalities in gills as shown through hematoxylin–eosin (H.E) staining, providing an intuitive understanding on the effects of Bap on the structural organization of the blood clams. Meanwhile, the oxidative stress was significantly elevated as manifested by the increase of antioxidants activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and glutathione-s-transferase (GST), lipid peroxidation (LPO) level and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) content. The neurotoxicity was also strengthened by Bap toxicity manifested as inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activities. In addition, the global DNA methylation level was investigated, and a significant DNA hypomethylation was observed in Bap exposed the blood clam. The correlation analysis showed that the global DNA methylation was negatively correlated with antioxidants (SOD, CAT and POD) activities, but positively correlated choline enzymes (AChE and ChAT) activities. These results collectively suggested that acute Bap exposure can cause damage in gills structures in the blood clam possibly by generating oxidative stress and neurotoxicity, and the global DNA methylation was inhibited to increase the transcriptional expression level of antioxidants genes and consequently elevate antioxidants activities against Bap toxicity. These results are hoped to shed some new light on the study of ecotoxicology effect of PAHs on marine bivalves.
Using approach latency and anticipatory behaviour to assess whether voluntary playpen access is rewarding to laboratory mice
Authors: Ratuski Anna S. , Makowska I. Joanna , Dvorack Kaitlyn R. , Weary Daniel M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractLaboratory mice are typically housed in “shoebox" cages that limit the expression of natural behaviours. Temporary access to more complex environments (playpens) may improve their welfare. We aimed to assess if access to playpens is rewarding for conventionally-housed mice and to document mouse behaviour during playpen access. Female C57BL/6J, BALB/cJ, and DBA/2J mice were provided temporary access to a large enriched playpen three times per week; control mice remained in their home cages. We measured latency to enter playpens and anticipatory behaviour to determine if access was rewarding, and recorded mouse behaviour during playpen sessions. Over time, playpen mice entered the playpen more quickly; latency declined from 168 ± 22 to 13 ± 2 s over the 14-d trial. As expected, playpen mice showed an increase in anticipatory behaviour before playpen access (mean ± SE = 19.7 ± 2.6 behavioural transitions), while control mice showed no change in anticipatory behaviour relative to baseline values (2.4 ± 1.6 transitions). Mice in the playpen performed more ambulatory behaviours than control mice who remained in home cages (21.5 ± 0.7 vs 6.9 ± 1.1 observations of 25 total observations). We conclude that conventionally-housed mice find voluntary playpen access rewarding, and suggest this as a useful option for providing laboratory mice with access to more complex environments.
Loan default prediction of Chinese P2P market: a machine learning methodology
Authors: Xu Junhui , Lu Zekai , Xie Ying 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRepayment failures of borrowers have greatly affected the sustainable development of the peer-to-peer (P2P) lending industry. The latest literature reveals that existing risk evaluation systems may ignore important signals and risk factors affecting P2P repayment. In our study, we applied four machine learning methods (random forest (RF), extreme gradient boosting tree (XGBT), gradient boosting model (GBM), and neural network (NN)) to predict important factors affecting repayment by utilizing data from Renrendai.com in China from Thursday, January 1, 2015, to Tuesday, June 30, 2015. The results showed that borrowers who have passed video, mobile phone, job, residence or education level verification are more likely to default on loan repayment, whereas those who have passed identity and asset certification are less likely to default on loans. The accuracy and kappa value of the four methods all exceed 90%, and RF is superior to the other classification models. Our findings demonstrate important techniques for borrower screening by P2P companies and risk regulation by regulatory agencies. Our methodology and findings will help regulators, banks and creditors combat current financial disasters caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic by addressing various financial risks and translating credit scoring improvements.
Patient apprehensions about the use of artificial intelligence in healthcare
Authors: Richardson Jordan P. , Smith Cambray , Curtis Susan , Watson Sara , Zhu Xuan , Barry Barbara , Sharp Richard R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWhile there is significant enthusiasm in the medical community about the use of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in healthcare, few research studies have sought to assess patient perspectives on these technologies. We conducted 15 focus groups examining patient views of diverse applications of AI in healthcare. Our results indicate that patients have multiple concerns, including concerns related to the safety of AI, threats to patient choice, potential increases in healthcare costs, data-source bias, and data security. We also found that patient acceptance of AI is contingent on mitigating these possible harms. Our results highlight an array of patient concerns that may limit enthusiasm for applications of AI in healthcare. Proactively addressing these concerns is critical for the flourishing of ethical innovation and ensuring the long-term success of AI applications in healthcare.
Cellular 3D-reconstruction and analysis in the human cerebral cortex using automatic serial sections
Authors: Larsen Nick Y. , Li Xixia , Tan Xueke , Ji Gang , Lin Jing , Rajkowska Grazyna , Møller Jesper , Vihrs Ninna , Sporring Jon , Sun Fei , Nyengaard Jens R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTechniques involving three-dimensional (3D) tissue structure reconstruction and analysis provide a better understanding of changes in molecules and function. We have developed AutoCUTS-LM, an automated system that allows the latest advances in 3D tissue reconstruction and cellular analysis developments using light microscopy on various tissues, including archived tissue. The workflow in this paper involved advanced tissue sampling methods of the human cerebral cortex, an automated serial section collection system, digital tissue library, cell detection using convolution neural network, 3D cell reconstruction, and advanced analysis. Our results demonstrated the detailed structure of pyramidal cells (number, volume, diameter, sphericity and orientation) and their 3D spatial organization are arranged in a columnar structure. The pipeline of these combined techniques provides a detailed analysis of tissues and cells in biology and pathology.
Isothermal microcalorimetry measures UCP1-mediated thermogenesis in mature brite adipocytes
Authors: Bokhari Muhammad Hamza , Halleskog Carina , Åslund Alice , Boulet Nathalie , Casadesús Rendos Eva , de Jong Jasper Martin Anton , Csikasz Robert , Amri Ez-Zoubir , Shabalina Irina , Bengtsson Tore 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe activation of thermogenesis in adipose tissue has emerged as an important target for the development of novel anti-obesity therapies. Using multi-well isothermal microcalorimetry, we have demonstrated that mature murine brown and brite adipocytes produce quantifiable heat upon β3-AR stimulation, independently of any anaerobic mechanisms. Additionally, in brite adipocytes lacking UCP1 protein, β3-AR stimulation still induces heat production, albeit to a much lower extent than in their wildtype counterparts, suggesting that UCP1 is an essential component of adrenergic induced thermogenesis in murine brite adipocytes exvivo. Similarly, we could observe an increase in heat production in human-derived adipocytes (hMADS) upon β-AR stimulation. Collectively, these results establish the use of isothermal microcalorimetry as a sensitive and accurate technique for measuring thermogenic responses in intact mature brite adipocytes from murine and human origin.
Polymer surface ligand and silica coating induced highly stable perovskite nanocrystals with enhanced aqueous fluorescence for efficient Hg2+ and glutathione detection
Authors: Shu Yun , Sun Linyan , Wang Yan , Jin Dangqin , Xu Qin , Hu Xiaoya 
Published: September 2021

Highly stable and enhanced aqueous fluorescent CsPbBr3-mPEG@SiO2 NCs were synthesized through the synergistic effects of polymer surface ligand and silica encapsulation, and used as a novel “on–off–on” fluorescent probe for detection of Hg2+ and GSH.
Phonological Measures for Bilingual Spanish-English–Speaking Preschoolers: The Language Combination Effect
Authors: Fabiano-Smith Leah , Privette Chelsea , An Lingling 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine the diagnostic accuracy of traditional measures of phonological ability developed for monolingual English-speaking children with their bilingual peers in both English and Spanish. We predicted that a composite measure, derived from a combination of English and Spanish phonological measures, would result in higher diagnostic accuracy than examining the individual phonological measures of bilingual children separately by language.

Method

Sixty-six children, ages 3;3–6;3 (years;months), participated in this study: 29 typically developing bilingual Spanish-English–speaking children (
x
= 5;3), five bilingual Spanish-English–speaking children with speech sound disorders (
x
= 4;6), 26 typically developing monolingual English-speaking children (
x
= 4;8), and six monolingual English-speaking children with speech sound disorders (
x
= 4;9). Children were recorded producing single words using the Assessments of English and Spanish Phonology, and productions were phonetically transcribed and analyzed using the Logical International Phonetics Program. Overall consonants correct–revised; accuracy of early-, middle-, and late-developing sounds; and percent occurrence of phonological error patterns in both English and Spanish were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic curves and support vector machine models were applied to observe diagnostic accuracy, separately and combined, for each speaker group and each language.

Results
Findings indicated the combination of measures improved diagnostic accuracy within both the English and Spanish of bilingual children and significantly increased accuracy when measures from both languages of bilingual children were combined. Combining measures for the productions of monolingual English-speaking children did not increase diagnostic accuracy.

Conclusion
To prevent misdiagnosis of speech sound disorders in bilingual preschoolers, the composite phonological abilities of bilingual children need to be assessed across both gross and discrete measures of phonological ability.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.16632604
Characteristics of Japanese Electrolaryngeal Speech Produced by Untrained Speakers: An Observational Study Involving Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Sato Koji , Genda Junji , Minabe Ryoya , Taniguchi Takumi 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of electrolaryngeal (EL) speech among untrained speakers to aid in its effective introduction and to identify syllables and words that are easy or difficult to pronounce.

Method
A total of 21 healthy individuals who had never used an EL were included. The participants were briefed, and tests comprising 100 Japanese syllables and 50 single words were conducted to evaluate EL speech intelligibility. A trained speaker was defined as a certified speech-language pathologist who underwent EL training for 3 months. A 5-point electrolarynx effectivity score (EES) was used for the subjective assessment of EL.

Results
The median (interquartile range) intelligibility scores of the untrained and trained groups were 24.0% (20.0%–34.0%) and 40.0% (36.0%–45.0%) for syllables and 48.0% (38.0%–60.0%) and 88.0% (82.0%–90.0%) for words, respectively. The intelligibility scores for syllables and words were higher in the trained group than those in the untrained group. Only two syllable subgroups (/m/ and /w/) had > 80% correct answers among untrained speakers. A total of 14 syllable subgroups (/k, kʲ, s, ɕ, t, t͡ɕ, ts, ɲ, h, ç, ɸ, p, pʲ, and a/), a number of which contained voiceless consonants, had < 40% correct answers among both speaker groups. A greater number of morae were associated with higher intelligibility scores. An EES of 4, indicating that the EL was effective, was the most frequent score.

Conclusions
It was difficult for untrained speakers to produce intelligible speech using an EL. Syllables, including voiceless consonants, were difficult to pronounce using an EL. Longer words with a greater number of morae were more intelligible, even for untrained EL speakers.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.16632622
Decentralized event‐triggered robust MPC for large‐scale networked Lipchitz non‐linear control systems
Authors: GHorbani Saeid , Safavi Ali Akbar , Naghavi S. Vahid 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article examines a decentralized event‐triggered robust model predictive control (MPC) for a class of networked large‐scale non‐linear Lipchitz systems. It is assumed that the subsystems are geographically distributed and the connections can be made over a communication network and therefore local event generator modules are used. An event‐triggering condition is then proposed for each module, which only uses local information to trigger data via the communication channel. In this way, the information exchange between subsystems can be reduced significantly compared to time‐triggered conventional control approaches, while the asymptotic stability of the closed‐loop is maintained. In contrast to the reported event‐triggered MPC results, the optimized controller is calculated based on state feedback control law for individual subsystems, which minimizes the upper limit on the infinite horizon cost function subject to constraints on the control inputs. The validness of the proposed scheme is demonstrated by simulation results.
Energy harvesting approach for trackside health monitoring devices in railroads
Authors: Zhang Jimin , Xu Lichao , Shen Tuo , Luo Jinnan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDesign, modelling, simulation and lab test of a trackside electromagnetic energy harvesting (TEEH) approach for an AC electrified railway is provided in this study. By collecting the electromagnetic energy inspired from track current, an alternative energy source along the trackside can be achieved, which is not sensitive to weather and location factors. This study aims to verify the feasibility of TEEH and provide a guideline for future study. The electromagnetic field distribution model of the rail is built through theoretical calculations and FEM simulation. The relationship between harvester parameters and output power is confirmed. A TEEH prototype test bench has been built to verify the theory. The result indicates a close match. The average output power of 9.2 mW is achieved from a Φ57 × 30 mm hollow coil when the track current is 600 A 50 Hz. This study proposed a detailed derivation and modelling process, providing a preliminary reference and guidance for the design of an electromagnetic energy harvester.
An optimal 3D convolutional neural network based lipreading method
Authors: He Lun , Ding Biyun , Wang Hao , Zhang Tao 
Published: September 2021

AbstractLipreading is a visual recognition of speech by using lip movement, which aims to recognise phrases and sentences spoken by a talking face without the audio. However, the existed models for lipreading suffer from slow training speed and insufficient performance. To accelerate the training speed of the model for lipreading, a batch group training algorithm is proposed, which groups all the data of different frames. In addition, a 3D‐MouthNet‐BLSTM‐CTC architecture for lipreading is proposed to improve model performance. It bases on a 3D convolutional neural network, MouthNet, two Bi‐LSTMs, and a CTC objective function. Experiment results in Oulu‐VS2 and self‐built dataset show that 96.2% accuracy rate is achieved on the Oulu‐VS2 dataset, and 93.8% accuracy rate is achieved on the GRID dataset. This article is about lipreading research. It mainly uses deep learning methods to study lip‐reading. A new network architecture and tests on public data sets are proposed to achieve the best results.
A soft‐switching inverting high step‐down converter with a pair of coupled inductors and self‐driven synchronous rectifier
Authors: Hosseinabadi Farzad , Soleymani Behzad , Adib Ehsan , Islam Md. Rabiul , Farzanehfard Hosein , Kouzani Abbas Z. , Mahmud M. A. Parvez 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this paper, a non‐isolated coupled‐inductor high step‐down converter with extended duty cycle is proposed, which operates under discontinuous conduction mode. The soft‐switching condition is provided for all the switches and diodes, which results in the reduction of the switching losses, and the losses related to diode reverse recovery problem. Also, a self‐drive circuit is used to automatically generate the ON and OFF gate signals of the synchronous rectifier, which recovers the gate energy and reduces the complexity. In this topology, only a single coupled inductor is proposed which decreases the size and cost of the proposed converter. A 200 W laboratory prototype is implemented, and its results confirm the validity of theoretical analysis and advantages of the proposed converter over previous structures.