bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medical and Social Factors Associated With Referral for Elder Abuse Services in a National Health Care System
Authors: Makaroun Lena K , Thorpe Carolyn T , Mor Maria K , Zhang Hongwei , Lovelace Elijah , Rosen Tony , Dichter Melissa E , Rosland Ann-Marie 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Elder abuse (EA) is common and has devastating health consequences yet is not systematically assessed or documented in most health systems, limiting efforts to target health care-based interventions. Our objective was to examine sociodemographic and medical characteristics associated with documented referrals for EA assessment or services in a national U.S. health care system.

Methods
We conducted a national case–control study in U.S. Veterans Health Administration facilities of primary care (PC)-engaged Veterans age ≥60 years who were evaluated by social work (SW) for EA-related concerns between 2010 and 2018. Cases were matched 1:5 to controls with a PC visit within 60 days of the matched case SW encounter. We examined the association of patient sociodemographic and health factors with receipt of EA services in unadjusted and adjusted models.

Results
Of 5 567 664 Veterans meeting eligibility criteria during the study period, 15 752 (0.3%) received services for EA (cases). Cases were mean age 74, and 54% unmarried. In adjusted logistic regression models (adjusted odds ratio; 95% confidence interval), age ≥ 85 (3.56 vs age 60–64; 3.24–3.91), female sex (1.96; 1.76–2.21), child as next-of-kin (1.70 vs spouse; 1.57–1.85), lower neighborhood socioeconomic status (1.18 per higher quartile; 1.15–1.21), dementia diagnosis (3.01; 2.77–3.28), and receiving a VA pension (1.34; 1.23–1.46) were associated with receiving EA services.

Conclusion
In the largest cohort of patients receiving EA-related health care services studied to date, this study identified novel factors associated with clinical suspicion of EA that can be used to inform improvements in health care-based EA surveillance and detection.
Billiard Tables with Rotational Symmetry
Authors: Bialy Misha , Tsodikovich Daniel 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe generalize the following simple geometric fact: the only centrally symmetric convex curve of constant width is a circle. Billiard interpretation of the condition of constant width reads: a planar curve has constant width, if and only if, the Birkhoff billiard map inside the planar curve has a rotational invariant curve of $2$-periodic orbits. We generalize this statement to curves that are invariant under a rotation by angle $\frac {2\pi }{k}$, for which the billiard map has a rotational invariant curve of $k$-periodic orbits. Similar result holds true also for outer billiards and symplectic billiards. Finally, we consider Minkowski billiards inside a unit disc of Minkowski (not necessarily symmetric) norm that is invariant under a linear map of order $k\ge 3$. We find a criterion for the existence of an invariant curve of $k$-periodic orbits. As an application, we get rigidity results for all those billiards.
Genomic characterization of triple-carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Oinuma Ken-Ichi , Suzuki Masato , Sakiyama Arata , Tsubouchi Taishi , Saeki Kozo , Sato Kanako , Niki Mamiko , Yamada Koichi , Shibayama Keigo , Kakeya Hiroshi , Kaneko Yukihiro 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To characterize Acinetobacter baumannii OCU_Ac16a, a clinical isolate co-harbouring three acquired carbapenemase genes, blaNDM-1, blaTMB-1, and blaOXA-58, and assess the clinical significance of so-called multiple-carbapenemase producers.

Methods
OCU_Ac16a and its close relative, OCU_Ac16b, which lacks the blaNDM-1, were isolated from sputum cultures of a patient at Osaka City University Hospital. We subjected these strains to whole-genome analysis, particularly focusing on the genetic context of each carbapenemase gene. The transmissibility and functionality of each carbapenemase gene were analysed by conjugation and transformation experiments and antimicrobial susceptibility tests.

Results
bla TMB-1 was located in a class 1 integron on the chromosome, whereas blaNDM-1 and blaOXA-58 were found on plasmids named pOCU_Ac16a_2 and pOCU_Ac16a_3, respectively. pOCU_Ac16a_2 (which exhibited highly efficient self-transmissibility) and pOCU_Ac16a_3 (which did not show transmissibility but could be introduced into another A. baumannii strain via electroporation) could both confer carbapenem resistance (MICs ≥512 and ≥32 mg/L, respectively) on the recipient strain. The functionality of blaTMB-1 was evident from the high resistance of OCU_Ac16b to ceftazidime and cefepime (MICs ≥256 and 48 mg/L, respectively), and the high resistance of OCU_Ac16a to cefiderocol (MIC 32 mg/L) could be explained by the additive effect of blaNDM-1 and blaTMB-1.

Conclusions
Our data revealed the genomic organization of OCU_Ac16a and demonstrated that all the carbapenemase genes are functional, each contributing to the extremely high broad-spectrum resistance of OCU_Ac16a to β-lactams. As multiple-carbapenemase producers can be serious health threats as drug-resistant pathogens and disseminators of carbapenemase genes, close attention should be paid to their emergence.
The Role of Narrative in Environmental Law: The Nature of Tales and Tales of Nature
Authors: Hilson Chris 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
While narrative is a much-used term in environmental law scholarship, it is often used rather indiscriminately and interchangeably with other terms such as framing and discourse. The current article sets out to examine the various ways in which narrative features in the existing literature with a view to encouraging more critical and reflective usage. It also advocates for narrative, both to connect with the marginalised and to inject passion and emotion into environmental law – elements that can easily be lost in a discipline heavy with legislation and case law turning on fine aspects of legal doctrine. However, in the end it argues the need for a careful balance, with narrative and emotion playing a part, but not stealing the show.
Effect of Vegetation Types on Sarcophagidae (Diptera) in Ciervo de los Pantanos National Park, a Natural Remnant in a Highly Endangered Landscape
Authors: Mulieri Pablo R , Dufek Matias I , Dos Santos Josenilson Rodrigues , Torres-Domínguez Diana M , Patitucci Luciano D 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Species diversity can be affected by the structure of vegetation, which may vary in height, density, and distribution of trees, shrubs, and other plant types, configuring different types of habitats. In this study, we evaluated the diversity of sarcosaprophagous Sarcophagidae communities inhabiting the remnant representative habitats protected in Ciervo de los Pantanos National Park: grasslands, forests, and wetlands. We hypothesized that the abundance and diversity of flesh flies would be higher in the grasslands and wetlands than in the forest patches. Samplings were carried out in each habitat type using baited traps during the four seasons in 2015, 2016, and 2019. We collected 585 sarcophagid flies of 17 species. Fifteen species were recorded in grasslands, twelve in the wetlands, and seven in the forests, Tricharaea (Sarcophagula) occidua (Fabricius) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) being the most abundant (58.3% of the total sample). As expected, the highest abundance was recorded in grasslands whereas the lowest was found in forests. In addition, flesh fly abundance was affected by season. Sarcophagid assemblages differed between habitats and the overall dissimilarity was mainly explained by nestedness. This study provides important information about sarcosaprophagous sarcophagid flies in a little-studied protected natural area in Argentina, which is fundamental for their conservation and useful in forensic investigations.
Recreational Physical Activity and Outcomes After Breast Cancer in Women at High Familial Risk
Authors: Kehm Rebecca D , MacInnis Robert J , John Esther M , Liao Yuyan , Kurian Allison W , Genkinger Jeanine M , Knight Julia A , Colonna Sarah V , Chung Wendy K , Milne Roger , Zeinomar Nur , Dite Gillian S , Southey Melissa C , Giles Graham G , McLachlan Sue-Anne , Whitaker Kristen D , Friedlander Michael L , Weideman Prue C , Glendon Gord , Nesci Stephanie ,   kConFab Investigators, Phillips Kelly-Anne , Andrulis Irene L , Buys Saundra S , Daly Mary B , Hopper John L , Terry Mary Beth 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Recreational physical activity (RPA) is associated with improved survival after breast cancer (BC) in average-risk women, but evidence is limited for women who are at increased familial risk because of a BC family history or BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic variants (BRCA1/2 PVs).

Methods
We estimated associations of RPA (self-reported average hours per week within 3 years of BC diagnosis) with all-cause mortality and second BC events (recurrence or new primary) after first invasive BC in women in the Prospective Family Study Cohort (n = 4610, diagnosed 1993-2011, aged 22-79 years at diagnosis). We fitted Cox proportional hazards regression models adjusted for age at diagnosis, demographics, and lifestyle factors. We tested for multiplicative interactions (Wald test statistic for cross-product terms) and additive interactions (relative excess risk due to interaction) by age at diagnosis, body mass index, estrogen receptor status, stage at diagnosis, BRCA1/2 PVs, and familial risk score estimated from multigenerational pedigree data. Statistical tests were 2-sided.

Results
We observed 1212 deaths and 473 second BC events over a median follow-up from study enrollment of 11.0 and 10.5 years, respectively. After adjusting for covariates, RPA (any vs none) was associated with lower all-cause mortality of 16.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.4% to 27.9%) overall, 11.8% (95% CI = -3.6% to 24.9%) in women without BRCA1/2 PVs, and 47.5% (95% CI = 17.4% to 66.6%) in women with BRCA1/2 PVs (RPA*BRCA1/2 multiplicative interaction P = .005; relative excess risk due to interaction = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.01 to 1.74). RPA was not associated with risk of second BC events.

Conclusion
Findings support that RPA is associated with lower all-cause mortality in women with BC, particularly in women with BRCA1/2 PVs.
Alterations in the RB Pathway With Inactivation of RB1 Characterize Glioblastomas With a Primitive Neuronal Component
Authors: Chkheidze Rati , Raisanen Jack , Gagan Jeffrey , Richardson Timothy E , Pinho Marco C , Raj Karuna , Achilleos Michael , Slepicka Chenelle , White Charles L , Evers Bret M , Patel Toral R , Malter James S , Hatanpaa Kimmo J 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A primitive neuronal component is a feature of some glioblastomas but defining molecular alterations of this histologic variant remains uncertain. We performed next-generation sequencing of 1500 tumor related genes on tissue from 9 patients with glioblastoma with a primitive component (G/PN) and analyzed 27 similar cases from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. Alterations in the RB pathway were identified in all of our patients’ tumors and 81% of TCGA tumors with the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene (RB1) commonly affected. Although RB1 mutations were observed in some conventional glioblastomas, the allelic fractions of these mutations were significantly higher in tumors with a primitive neuronal component in both our and TCGA cohorts (median, 72% vs 25%, p &lt; 0.001 and 80% vs 40%, p &lt; 0.02, respectively). Further, in 78% of patients in our cohort, RB expression was lost by immunohistochemistry. Our findings indicate that alterations in the RB pathway are common in G/PNs and suggest that inactivation of RB1 may be a driving mechanism for the phenotype.
Late-stage primary renal angiosarcoma: an extremely rare cancer complicated by COVID-19 post-operatively
Authors: Carr Reilly , Moreland Hannah , Hsia Michael Hsueh-Ching 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Primary renal angiosarcoma (AS) encompasses only 1% of soft tissue sarcomas, and it is seldom seen in literature. Because of its rarity, few risk factors for its development have been established. Due to lack of screening guidelines for kidney cancer, it is often found late when patients become symptomatic. We present the case of a male patient who presented with gross hematuria and flank pain and was discovered to have a large renal mass. Following successful resection, pathology showed it to be AS. The patient had a post-operative course complicated by two separate COVID-19 infections and expired 200 days after surgery. This case not only highlights an extremely rare renal cancer but also illustrates the challenges patients with complex medical issues faced in the era of COVID-19.
Unilateral nasal obstruction: a rare presentation of acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Kelly Mairead , Advani Rajeev , Schuster-Bruce James , Crossley Eleanor , Lakhani Raj 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Myeloid sarcoma, and, with it, Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML), is a rare but important differential diagnosis in the consideration of unilateral nasal blockage. These lesions are often misdiagnosed as lymphoma or poorly differentiated carcinoma. We report the case of a patient with unilateral nasal blockage who underwent Endoscopic Sinus Surgery and biopsy. Histology revealed myeloid sarcoma and she was diagnosed with AML. Genetic testing could not be fully undertaken as the biopsy samples were preserved in formalin, which can degrade the quality of the DNA required for the more sensitive fms-like tyrosine kinase 3-internal tandem duplication (FLT3 ITD) test. Given that these levels have a significant impact on treatment decisions, a further biopsy, preserved in saline, was required. This case exemplifies the need for Ear, Nose and Throat clinicians to have a high index of suspicion for this lesion, and a working knowledge of the testing requirements for samples taken.
General Perspective on the U.S. Military Conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan After 20 Years
Authors: Peterson Alan L 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
It has been 20 years since the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on America. The ongoing military conflicts in this region are the longest sustained conflicts in U.S. history. Almost 3 million military personnel have deployed, with over 7,000 fatalities and more than 53,000 wounded in action. The most common psychological health condition associated with combat deployments is PTSD. No data exist to compare the prevalence of PTSD across war eras. Therefore, a potential proxy for PTSD risk is the number of combat-related deaths, because this figure has been consistently tracked across U.S. military conflicts. This commentary includes a table of death statistics from major military conflicts, which shows that fewer military personnel have deployed, been killed, sustained wounds, and, one might conclude, suffered from PTSD than any other major U.S. military conflict in history. Advances in the military equipment, tactics, and healthcare programs perhaps mitigated casualties and suffering among Iraq/Afghanistan veterans compared to previous wars. The estimated causality differences across various military conflicts are not meant to minimize the significant contributions and sacrifices made by this new generation of military warriors but to help us gain perspective on military conflicts over the past century as we recognize the 20th anniversary of 9/11.
MeerKAT radio detection of the Galactic black hole candidate Swift J1842.5−1124 during its 2020 outburst
Authors: Zhang X , Yu W , Motta S E , Fender R , Woudt P , Miller-Jones J C A , Sivakoff G R 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
Swift J1842.5−1124 is a transient Galactic black hole X-ray binary candidate, which underwent a new outburst in 2020 May. We performed multi-epoch MeerKAT radio observations under the ThunderKAT large survey programme, coordinated with quasi-simultaneous Swift/XRT X-ray observations during the outburst, which lasted nearly a month. We were able to make the first-ever radio detection of this black hole binary with the highest flux density of 229 ± 31 $\mu$Jy when the source was in the hard state, after non-detection in the radio band in the soft state which occurred immediately after its emergence during the new X-ray outburst. Therefore, its radio and X-ray properties are consistent with the disc-jet coupling picture established in other black hole X-ray binaries. We place the source’s quasi-simultaneous X-ray and radio measurements on the radio/X-ray luminosity correlation plane; two quasi-simultaneous radio/X-ray measurements separated by 11 d were obtained, which span ∼2 dex in the X-ray luminosity. If the source follows the black hole track in the radio/X-ray correlation plane during the outburst, it would lie at a distance beyond ∼5 kpc.
Extragalactic magnetic field constraints from ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays from local galaxies
Authors: van Vliet Arjen , Palladino Andrea , Taylor Andrew , Winter Walter 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
We interpret the correlation between local star-forming galaxy positions and ultrahigh-energy cosmic-ray (UHECR) directions, recently detected by the Pierre Auger Observatory (PAO), in terms of physical parameters: the local density of sources and the magnetic fields governing the UHECR propagation. We include a Galactic magnetic field model on top of a random extragalactic magnetic field description to determine the level of UHECR deflections expected from an ensemble of source positions. Besides deflections in magnetic fields, we also take into account energy losses with background photon fields as well as spectrum and composition measurements by the PAO. We find consistency between the PAO anisotropy measurement and the local star-forming galaxy density for large extragalactic magnetic field strengths with $B \gt 0.2 \ \rm nG$ (for a coherence length of $1 \ \rm Mpc$) at the 5σ confidence level. Larger source densities lead to more isotropic background and consequently allow for weaker extragalactic magnetic fields. However, the acceleration of UHECR by such abundant sources is more challenging to motivate. Too large source densities and extragalactic magnetic field strengths, on the other hand, are also disfavoured as that decreases the expected level of anisotropy. This leads to upper limits of $B \lt 22 \ \rm nG$ and $\rho _0 \lt 8.4 \times 10^{-2} \ \rm Mpc^{-3}$ at the 90 per cent confidence level.
Modelling emission lines in star-forming galaxies
Authors: Baugh C M , Lacey Cedric G , Gonzalez-Perez Violeta , Manzoni Giorgio 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
We present a new model to compute the luminosity of emission lines in star-forming galaxies and apply this in the semi-analytical galaxy formation code galform. The model combines a pre-computed grid of H II region models with an empirical determination of how the properties of H II regions depend on the macroscopic properties of galaxies based on observations of local galaxies. The new model gives a very good reproduction of the locus of star-forming galaxies on standard line ratio diagnostic diagrams. The new model shows evolution in the locus of star-forming galaxies with redshift on this line ratio diagram, with a good match to the observed line ratios at z = 1.6. The model galaxies at high redshift have gas densities and ionisation parameters that are predicted to be ≈2–3 times higher than in local star-forming galaxies, which is partly driven by the changing selection with redshift to mimic the observational selection. Our results suggest that the observed evolution in emission line ratios requires other H II region properties to evolve with redshift, such as the gas density, and cannot be reproduced by H II model grids that only allow the gas metallicity and ionisation parameter to vary.
A 2+1 + 1 quadruple star system containing the most eccentric, low-mass, short-period, eclipsing binary known
Authors: Han E , Rappaport S A , Vanderburg A , Tofflemire B M , Borkovits T , Schwengeler H M , Zasche P , Krolikowski D M , Muirhead P S , Kristiansen M H , Terentev I A , Omohundro M , Gagliano R , Jacobs T , LaCourse D 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
We present an analysis of a newly discovered 2+1 + 1 quadruple system with TESS containing an unresolved eclipsing binary (EB) as part of TIC 121088960 and a close neighbour TIC 121088959. The EB consists of two very low-mass M dwarfs in a highly eccentric (e = 0.709) short-period (P = 3.043 58 d) orbit. Given the large pixel size of TESS and the small separation (3${_{.}^{\prime\prime}}$9) between TIC 121088959 and TIC 121088960 we used light centroid analysis of the difference image between in-eclipse and out-of-eclipse data to show that the EB likely resides in TIC 121088960, but contributes only ∼10 per cent of its light. Radial velocity data were acquired with iSHELL at NASA’s Infrared Facility and the Coudé spectrograph at the McDonald 2.7-m telescope. For both images, the measured RVs showed no variation over the 11 d observational baseline, and the RV difference between the two images was 8 ± 0.3 km s−1. The similar distances and proper motions of the two images indicate that TIC 121088959 and TIC 121088960 are a gravitationally bound pair. Gaia’s large RUWE and astrometric_excess_noise parameters for TIC 121088960, further indicate that this image is the likely host of the unresolved EB and is itself a triple star. We carried out an SED analysis and calculated stellar masses for the four stars, all of which are in the M dwarf regime: 0.19 M⊙ and 0.14 M⊙ for the EB stars and 0.43 M⊙ and 0.39 M⊙ for the brighter visible stars, respectively. Lastly, numerical simulations show that the orbital period of the inner triple is likely the range 1–50 yr.
Librational KAM tori in the secular dynamics of the υ Andromedæ planetary system
Authors: Caracciolo Chiara , Locatelli Ugo , Sansottera Marco , Volpi Mara 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
The υ Andromedæ system is the first extrasolar system where the mutual inclination between exoplanets has been determined using astrometric methods. We study a model of the υ Andromedæ planetary system considering the three-body problem formed by the central star and the two largest planets, υ And c and υ And d. We adopt a secular, three-dimensional model and initial conditions within the range of the observed values. The numerical integrations highlight that the system is orbiting around a one-dimensional elliptic torus (i.e. a periodic orbit that is linearly stable). This invariant object is used as a seed for an algorithm based on a sequence of canonical transformations. The algorithm determines the normal form related to a KAM torus, whose shape is in excellent agreement with the orbits of the secular model. We rigorously prove that the algorithm constructing the final KAM invariant torus is convergent, by adopting a suitable technique based on a computer-assisted proof. Thus, we are able to prove the stability of the secular dynamics for a set of values of the orbital elements that are in agreement with the observed ones. As a by-product, we can also extract a numerical indicator of robustness for the constructed invariant KAM tori. This allows us to identify ranges of the inclinations that are the most likely candidates according to the KAM stability prescription. In this context, we conclude that the most robust orbital configurations are those with large values of υ And c’s mass, that is about 16 time bigger than Jupiter’s one.