bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circulating Sclerostin Levels Are Positively Related to Coronary Artery Disease Severity and Related Risk Factors
Authors: Frysz Monika , Gergei Ingrid , Scharnagl Hubert , Smith George Davey , Zheng Jie , Lawlor Deborah A , Herrmann Markus , Maerz Winfried , Tobias Jon H 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
Romosozumab is a newly available treatment for osteoporosis acting by sclerostin inhibition. Its cardiovascular safety has been questioned after finding excess cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related events in a pivotal phase 3 trial. Previous studies of relationships between circulating sclerostin levels and CVD and associated risk factors have yielded conflicting findings, likely reflecting small numbers and selected patient groups. We aimed to characterize relationships between sclerostin and CVD and related risk factors in more detail by examining these in two large cohorts, Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health study (LURIC; 34% female, mean age 63.0 years) and Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children study (ALSPAC) mothers (mean age 48.1 years). Together these provided 5069 participants with complete data. Relationships between sclerostin and CVD risk factors were meta-analyzed, adjusted for age, sex (LURIC), body mass index, smoking, social deprivation, and ethnicity (ALSPAC). Higher sclerostin levels were associated with higher risk of diabetes mellitus (DM) (odds ratio [OR] = 1.25; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12, 1.37), risk of elevated fasting glucose (OR 1.15; CI 1.04, 1.26), and triglyceride levels (β 0.03; CI 0.00, 0.06). Conversely, higher sclerostin was associated with lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (β −0.20; CI −0.38, −0.02), HDL cholesterol (β −0.05; CI −0.10, −0.01), and apolipoprotein A-I (β −0.05; CI −0.08, −0.02) (difference in mean SD per SD increase in sclerostin, with 95% CI). In LURIC, higher sclerostin was associated with an increased risk of death from cardiac disease during follow-up (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.13; 1.03, 1.23) and with severity of coronary artery disease on angiogram as reflected by Friesinger score (0.05; 0.01, 0.09). Associations with cardiac mortality and coronary artery severity were partially attenuated after adjustment for risk factors potentially related to sclerostin, namely LDL and HDL cholesterol, log triglycerides, DM, hypertension, eGFR, and apolipoprotein A-I. Contrary to trial evidence suggesting sclerostin inhibition leads to an increased risk of CVD, sclerostin levels appear to be positively associated with coronary artery disease severity and mortality, partly explained by a relationship between higher sclerostin levels and major CVD risk factors. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Synthesis and structures of tantalum chloride and tantalum aryloxide compounds bearing bidentate and tridentate pyrrole‐amine ligands
Authors: Hsieh Hsiang‐Hua , Tu Meng‐Hsiu , Su Yu‐Chia , Ko Bao‐Tsan , Das Kuheli , Huang Jui‐Hsien 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA series of mononuclear tantalum derivatives containing substituted pyrrole‐amine ligands are synthesized. Reacting TaCl5 with one equivalent of Li[C4H2N‐2,5‐(CH2NMe2)2] in toluene affords TaCl4[C4H2N‐2,5‐(CH2NMe2)2] (1), whereas TaCl4[C4H3N‐2‐(CH2NEt2)] (2) is generated between the combination of TaCl5 and Li[C4H3N‐2‐(CH2NEt2)] in moderate yield. Similarly, while subjecting Li[C4H2N‐2‐(CH2NMe2)‐5‐(CH2NHtBu)] with TaCl5 in diethyl ether, it affords TaCl3[C4H2N‐2‐(CH2NMe2)‐5‐(CH2NtBu)] (3) at moderate yield. Interestingly, the mixing of TaCl4[C4H2N‐2,5‐(CH2NMe2)2] (1) with excess Li[O‐Ph‐2,6‐iPr2] in tetrahydrofuran generates the tantalum aryloxide compound, Ta(O‐Ph‐2,6‐iPr2)Cl3[C4H2N‐2,5‐(CH2NMe2)2] (4). Single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis reveals that compound 4 is hepta‐coordinated possessing a distorted pentagonal bipyramidal geometry. All the compounds are characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance and carbon‐13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and we highlight the structural variation of tantalum derivatives with bi‐ or tridentate (symmetric and asymmetric) pyrrole precursors.
Development of CO2/H2O activated biochar derived from pine pyrolysis: application in methylene blue adsorption
Authors: Liu Shasha , Shen Chen , Wang Yuhui , Huang Yong , Hu Xun , Li Bin , Karnowo  , Zhou Jianbin , Zhang Shu , Zhang Hong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe interaction mechanism between adsorbent and adsorbate is of great significance in the adsorption process. Activated biochar, prepared from pine sawdust using CO2 and H2O as activator, was employed to adsorb methylene blue in printing and dyeing pollutants. The pore structure, carbon structure of the aromatic ring system and functional groups were investigated though characterization analysis, and the adsorption kinetics and possible adsorption mechanism were also studied.RESULTSThe activated biochar prepared using CO2 activation had greater specific surface area, pore structure and surface oxygen‐containing functional groups than that prepared using H2O, which was more conductive to improving its adsorption capacity. The electrostatic interaction between the surface oxygen‐containing functional groups and the π–π interaction formed in the aromatic rings enhanced the adsorption capacity of activated biochar for methylene blue.CONCLUSIONSThe adsorption process of methylene blue by activated biochar was spontaneous, and it conformed to pseudo‐second‐order kinetic characteristics and the Langmuir adsorption isotherm equation. It was a monolayer adsorption and the maximum adsorption capacity was about 160 mg g−1. Activated biochar as an adsorbent for wastewater treatment has promise for application and development prospects. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Gestational stress alters maternal behavior and inflammatory markers in the olfactory bulb of lactating mice
Authors: Luft Carolina , Wearick‐Silva Luis Eduardo , da Costa Mariana Severo , Pedrazza Leonardo , Antunes Géssica Luana , Grassi‐Oliveira Rodrigo , de Oliveira Jarbas Rodrigues , Donadio Márcio Vinícius Fagundes 
Published: November 2021

AbstractInflammatory markers represent important candidates responsible for the altered behavior and physiology observed after stressful experiences. In the maternal brain, the olfactory bulb (OB) is a key constituent of the neural circuit that mediates the reciprocal interaction between mother and infant. This study aimed to investigate the effects of stress during pregnancy on maternal behavior and inflammatory changes in the olfactory bulb of lactating mice. Female Balb/c mice were divided into two groups: control (CT) and restraint stress (RS). Maternal behavior was performed during the first 8 days of life of the offspring. On the 10th day after parturition, corticosterone, gene, and protein expression were assessed. Stress during pregnancy decreased the maternal index at postnatal day 4 and the nuclear factor‐κB 1 (NFκB1) gene expression in the OB. Moreover, females from the RS group showed increased interleukin (IL‐1β) protein expression. In contrast, stressed females exhibited a decreased tumor necrosis factor (TNF‐α) protein expression in the OB. In conclusion, exposure to stress during pregnancy was able to induce specific postnatal effects on maternal behavior and balance of inflammatory mediators in the OB.
Poverty and gender in Latin America: How far can income‐based measures go?
Authors: Amarante Verónica , Colacce Maira , Scalese Federico 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAssumptions of the traditional income poverty measure have strong implications not confirmed by the evidence, but this measure is still widely used in gender poverty analysis. We explore the boundaries of the gender analysis of monetary poverty based on the currently available information (household surveys for 16 Latin American countries). Our results indicate that departing from the conventional methodology has more influence on women than men, worsening female indicators. Households emerge as crucial venues for income support for low income partnered women and for women with no access to any income, whose autonomy is seriously compromised due to this fact.
Assessment of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies level in convalescents plasma
Authors: Skorek Andrzej , Jaźwińska‐Curyłło Anna , Romanowicz Aleksandra , Kwaśniewski Krzysztof , Narożny Waldemar , Tretiakow Dmitry 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDespite extensive vaccination, the quantity of patients infected with the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus and its variants continues to grow worldwide. Treating patients with a severe course of COVID‐19 is a difficult challenge. One of the generally accepted and specific therapy methods is the use of plasma rich in anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies. On the other hand, assessing the antibodies level depending on the time after infection allows for vaccine‐decision. The study marked the level of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG antibodies in 351 COVID‐19 convalescent residents of one geographical region in Poland. The study group included blood donors. The studies were cross‐sectional and extended to a questionnaire to determine infection severity. These data were compiled statistically. The study considered epidemiological factors, the time from the end of the infection, and infection severity. The fastest increase of the antibodies level was observed up to 59 days after COVID‐19, and it was statistically significantly higher among men. Higher levels of antibodies were found among people above the average age in both men and women. There was an increase in the level of antibodies since the onset of the disease in men, while in women, it decreased. The antibodies level was also found to depend on the severity of the course of COVID‐19 infection. The optimal group of plasma donors in the studied geographical region is men and women above 39 years old. after a more severe infection. The titer of antibodies increases with time from the disease.
Spatiotemporal distribution of varicella in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Lee Young Hwa , Choe Young June , Hwang Seung‐sik , Cho Sung‐il 
Published: November 2021

AbstractVaricella is a highly contagious disease caused by the varicella‐zoster virus (VZV). Given its tendency to cluster geographically, spatial analyses may provide a better understanding of the pattern of varicella transmission. We investigated the spatial characteristics of varicella in Korea and the risk factors for varicella at a national level. Using national surveillance and demographic data, we examined the spatial distribution of incidence rates and their spatial autocorrelation and calculated Moran's index. Spatial regression analysis was used to identify sociodemographic predictors of varicella incidence at the district level. An increasing tendency in the annual incidence of varicella was observed over a 12‐year period (2006–2018), with a surge in 2017. There was a clear positive spatial autocorrelation of the varicella incidence rate during the surveillance period. During 2006–2014, High‐High (HH) clusters were mostly confined to the northeast region and neighboring districts. The spatial error model showed that population density had a negative coefficient and childhood percentage, percentage of children under 12 years of age among the total population, had positive coefficient, whereas vaccine coverage was insignificant. The varicella incidence according to geographic region varied with population density, childhood percentage, suggesting the importance of community‐level surveillance and monitoring strategies.
Associations of heart failure with susceptibility and severe complications of COVID‐19: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Kim Hyung Jun , Park Moo‐Suk , Shin Jae Il , Park Jin , Kim Dong‐Hyeok , Jeon Jimin , Kim Jinkwon , Song Tae‐Jin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractInfection is associated with occurrence and worsening of heart failure (HF). However, studies on the association of susceptibility and severe complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) with HF history are limited. From the Korean nationwide COVID‐19 data set, 212,678 participants with at least one severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) test were included between January 1 and June 4, 2020. To investigate the association of HF with susceptibility and severe complications of COVID‐19, 1:4 ratio propensity score matching (PSM) and logistic regression analysis were performed. The primary outcome was a composite outcome of mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and death. After PSM, COVID‐19 PCR positivity did not show a significant difference according to HF history in multivariable analysis (odds ratio [OR]: 0.91, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.79–1.04), p = 0.146). Of 7630 individuals with confirmed COVID‐19 infection, 310 (4.1%) had HF history. The overall primary outcome occurred in 426 (5.6%) individuals, including 159 (2.1%) cases of mechanical ventilation, 254 (3.3%) cases of ICU admission, and 215 (2.8%) cases of death. In multivariate logistic analysis, presence of HF history was associated independently with primary outcome (OR: 1.99, 95% CI: 1.42–2.79, p < 0.001), particularly mortality (OR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.36–3.00, p < 0.001). Our study demonstrated that HF history is associated poor prognosis, particularly mortality, in COVID‐19. Patients with HF can have severe complication if infected with COVID‐19; therefore, careful management are necessary.
Evaluations of abusive supervisors: The moderating role of the abuser's gender
Authors: Kim Joseph K. , Harold Crystal M. , Holtz Brian C. 
Published: November 2021

SummaryThe present research examines the role of leaders' gender in influencing how employees evaluate abusive supervision. This paper argues that abusive supervision is considered to be a less typical leader behavior for female leaders, compared to male leaders, because abusive behaviors violate the stereotypes traditionally prescribed to female leaders (e.g., communal and caring). As such, drawing from gender stereotype theories (e.g., the lack‐of‐fit model and role congruity theory), we propose that, among leaders who engage in abusive supervision, employees will rate female leaders as less effective than male leaders. However, we also propose that employees will attribute female leaders' abuse to internal characteristics to a lesser extent than male leaders. Results from both an experimental study (Study 1) and a field study (Study 2) conducted with working adults support our hypotheses. Namely, results suggest that female leaders' abusive supervision is viewed as less typical leadership behavior and, consequently, is associated with lower ratings of effectiveness compared to abusive male leaders. Conversely, because abuse is viewed as female‐atypical behavior, employees were less likely to make internal attributions for female leaders' abusive behaviors. Implications for theory and practice will be discussed.
Endophytic colonization of entomopathogenic fungi increases plant disease resistance by changing the endophytic bacterial community
Authors: Chang Yuming , Xia Xinyao , Sui Li , Kang Qin , Lu Yang , Li Le , Liu Wende , Li Qiyun , Zhang Zhengkun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractVarious mechanisms are involved in plant disease resistance mediated by entomopathogenic fungi; however, the role of plant endophytic microbes in disease resistance is unknown. In the present study, we showed that the disease incidence of northern corn leaf blight caused by Exserohilum turcicum (Et) on maize was reduced significantly by soil inoculation with Beauveria bassiana (Bb). Meanwhile, B. bassiana colonization and E. turcicum infection increased the diversity and abundance and diversity of endophytic bacteria and fungi, respectively, while the abundance of endophytic bacterial of the Bb + Et treatment decreased significantly compared with that of Et treatment alone. However, Bb + Et treatment increased the relative abundance of plant beneficial bacteria significantly, for example, Burkholderia and Pseudomonas. Network analyses showed that the microbiome complexity increased after soil inoculation with B. bassiana. Taken together, these results revealed the potential mechanism by which entomopathogenic fungi exert biological control of maize leaf spot disease.
Clinical performance of hydrophilic, titanium‐zirconium dental implants in patients with well‐controlled and poorly controlled type 2 diabetes: One‐year results of a dual‐center cohort study
Authors: Latimer Jessica M. , Roll Katherine L. , Daubert Diane M. , Zhang Hai , Shalev Tamir ,   ABCD study collaborators, Wolff Larry F. , Kotsakis Georgios A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis study assessed the clinical performance of hydrophilic dental implants in a patient cohort with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsSubjects with T2DM of ≥2‐years duration were allocated to either the well‐controlled (WC; HbA1c ≤ 7.0%,) or poorly‐controlled (PC; 7.5 < HbA1c < 10%) groups in a dual‐center, prospective cohort study. Each subject received a single, titanium‐zirconium (Ti‐Zr) dental implant with a chemically‐modified, hydrophilic (modSLA) surface in a posterior mandibular site. Postoperatively, subjects were followed at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12‐week intervals. Post‐loading, subjects were followed at 3, 6, and 12‐months. Clinical and radiographic parameters of implant success, and dental patient‐reported outcomes were collected.ResultsTwenty‐one dental patients (NWC = 11; NPC = 10; mean age: 66.8 ± 7.5 years) were enrolled and the 1‐year implant success rate was 100%. Peri‐implant bone levels were stable with 0.15 ± 0.06 mm mean marginal loss at 1 year without significant inter‐group differences (P = 0.79). Postoperative pain was minimal at 1‐week, and OHIP‐5 scores decreased significantly over time as compared with preoperative levels (P < 0.001) suggesting significant improvement in patient‐perceived oral health following implant therapy.ConclusionsElevated HbA1c levels > 7.5% did not compromise 1‐year success rates, or oral health‐related quality of life in PC patients receiving modSLA, Ti‐Zr implants. Given that implant placement up to 10% HbA1c significantly enhanced oral health‐related quality of life without complications or morbidity, the safety and efficacy of implants to improve oral function in T2DM is supported, even without ideal glycemic control.
Energy‐corrected sudden modeling of the non‐Markovian rotational relaxation matrix for high‐pressure Raman spectra of pure nitrogen
Authors: Buldyreva Jeanna , Sokolov Andrei , Kouzov Alexander 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe general expression derived previously (A.P. Kouzov, J.V. Buldyreva, A.V. Sokolov, J. Chem. Phys. 149, 044305 (2018)) for the frequency‐dependent rotational relaxation matrix describing collisions of linear molecules is put into an energy‐corrected‐sudden (ECS) form convenient for spectra modeling. The translational interaction spectral functions characterizing the intracollisional dynamics and determining the relaxation matrix elements are factorized into a frequency‐dependent and an anisotropy ranks‐dependent parts. The particular case of isotropic Raman Q‐branch enables to establish connections of these parts with the adiabaticity factor accounting for the molecular rotation during the collision and the bimolecular relaxation rates, respectively. Analyses of these rates allow suggesting their realistic exponential‐polynomial model representations with a few adjustable parameters determined from fits on experimentally available
line widths. Thanks to the universal character of the non‐Markovian approach, the same parameters enable realistic computations of
anisotropic Raman spectra up to very far spectral wings and without any additional parameter with respect to the Markovian ECS.
Female breast cancer in sub‐Saharan Africa: A PRISMA‐S‐compliant systematic review of surgery
Authors: Amouzou Komla Séna , Ketevi Ameyo Ayoko , Sambiani Damigou Mawuli , Caroli Angela 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn sub‐Saharan countries (SSAs), the advanced stage at diagnosis and the limited surgical interventions of female breast cancer (FBC) lead to poor outcomes. This study assessed current modalities of FBC surgeries.MethodsSix literature databases (Medline, Embase, African Journal Online, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Cochrane Library) were searched, plus a manual search, in 2011–2021. We included primary data studies with any setting and presurgeries or postsurgeries treatments, we excluded non‐English language studies, editorials, and grey literature.ResultsThe search yielded 21 observational studies (16 retrospective, 3 prospective, and 2 case reports). Of the total 6900 patients, 4121 (60%) patients underwent FBC surgical excision only, and 751/2779 (27%) conservative surgery (BCS) or therapy (BCT). All studies reported similar use of mastectomy (>60%), the FBC surgical excision/reconstruction studies displayed more neoadjuvant chemotherapy (536/2779, 19% vs. 215/4121, 5%), and radiotherapy or adjuvant radiotherapy (1461/2779, 52% vs. 411/3921, 4%). Patients' age, histological classification, staging, and follow‐up data were often missing.ConclusionsThe FBC complexity requires structured management by general and plastic surgeons, radiotherapy specialists, and obstetrician‐gynecologists through shared guidelines, protocols, and specific programs of public health. In SSAs, FBC surgical strategies should point at decreasing radical mastectomy and increasing BCS/BCT.
Separation of five flavone glycosides including two groups with similar polarities fromDracocephalum tanguticumby a combination of three high‐speed counter‐current chromatography modes
Authors: Chen Tao , Yang Xue , Wang Shuo , Shen Cheng , Li Hongmei , Wei Yangfei , Yan Shuping , Song Zhibo , Yang Fengmei , Liu Yarong , Hai Ping , Li Yulin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe separation of compounds with similar polarities is challenging. In the present study, five flavone glycosides, including two groups with similar polarities, were obtained fromDracocephalum tanguticumby three high‐speed counter‐current chromatography modes, including flow rate conversion mode, recycling mode, and heart‐cut mode. With flow rate conversion mode, compounds 3 and 4 with similar polarities and compound 5 were separated by high‐speed counter‐current chromatography with ethyl acetate/methanol/water (5.0% acetic acid) (8:2:10, v/v) system. The flow rate was controlled as: 1.8 mL/min for 0–160 min, 2.2 mL/min for 160–200 min, and 2.5 mL/min for 200–400 min. However, compounds 1 and 2 with similar polarities were not separated due to the similar distributive properties. Then, a recycling and heart‐cut mode were introduced to improve the separation efficiency. The heart‐cut mode was introduced in the second and third cycles, and compounds 1 and 2 were well separated in the fourth cycle. Consequently, five flavone glycosides, including two groups with similar polarities were obtained and identified as cosmosiin (1), pedaliin (2), quercetin‐3‐O‐rutinoside (3), pedaliin‐6''‐acetate (4), and sorbifolin‐6‐O‐β‐glucopyranoside (5). The current strategy provides a reference for separating compounds with similar polarities from a crude sample.