bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving the efficiency of horizontal wells at multilayer facilities
Authors: Khuzin R R , Mukhametshin V Sh , Salikhov D A , Andreev V E , Pepelyaev D V , Stefanovich Yu N 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The paper presents the results of testing of new production equipment of wells, as well as the operating modes of horizontal wells in the conditions of development of multilayer facilities. The paper also presents the results of drilling small-diameter wells, the methods of oil production intensification, and the principles of operation of pumping equipment with an electric valve with account for optimal draw-downs on reservoirs. The suggested approach to the operation of horizontal, sub-horizontal and directional wells of small diameter allows increasing the technical and economic indicators of the development of complex multilayer facilities. It is proposed to use the developed technology in the operation of two or more reservoirs in conjunction with the implementation of dual injection into the exploited reservoirs through injection wells in the center of the element of development.
Microwave separation of persistent oil emulsions
Authors: Nafikova R A , Soloviev N N , Mingulov Sh G , Safiullina A R 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
At present, the development of more effective methods for preparing such oils requires special attention due to the growing share of hard-to-extract high-viscous hydrocarbon reserves. The study examined the effectiveness of the thermochemical method and the method combining microwave radiation intended to separate high-viscous emulsions resulting from the thermal methods to increase oil recovery. The results of the research justify the need to use a complex impact aimed at separating persistent oil emulsions.
A mathematical model of a vibrator with an axial striker mechanism
Authors: Khuzina L B , Zaripova L M , Gabdrakhimov M S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
To be operated effectively by the production and injection wells, the nature of oil reservoir production is largely determined. The efficient operation of wells depends on geological and technological factors. This refers to their exploitation with oil output equal to the potential capabilities of the reservoir when it is fully served by the filtration process. The bottom-hole zone (BHZ) is in a non-equilibrium thermodynamic state of energy and mass exchange with the well and the reservoir. The contamination of the bottom-hole zone has a significant impact on the effectiveness of wells.
Toxicity of GO and rGO suspension against P. acnes: physical puncture and oxidative stress
Authors: Dai Dongfang , Qu Hao , Lv Jianxin , Hu Xueqian , Lv Jian , Ye Qianxu , Lin Zesi , Cai Jinming , Wang Guanlin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Acne vulgaris associated with Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) remains one of the most common skin diseases, while lacking of effective and non-resistant treatments. Graphene inclusing graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) have been triggering abundant attentions due to their astonishing performances in multi research areas. Here, the GO and rGO suspensions with different concentrations and sizes against P. acnes were investigated. The higher the concentration while the smaller the size distribution led to the better the antibacterial performance. And the loss of viability of P. acnes can surprisely achieve 72% under a 100 μg 10 000 mesh rGO existed which was induced by physical puncture and oxidative stress. Furthermore, the physiological activities of P. acnes will reduce the GO to rGO which further accelerate its death. This study will provide a rapid, effective and non-resistant method for the treatment of acne.
Materials discovery through machine learning formation energy
Authors: Peterson Gordon G C , Brgoch Jakoah 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The budding field of materials informatics has coincided with a shift towards artificial intelligence to discover new solid-state compounds. The steady expansion of repositories for crystallographic and computational data has set the stage for developing data-driven models capable of predicting a bevy of physical properties. Machine learning methods, in particular, have already shown the ability to identify materials with near ideal properties for energy-related applications by screening crystal structure databases. However, examples of the data-guided discovery of entirely new, never-before-reported compounds remain limited. The critical step for determining if an unknown compound is synthetically accessible is obtaining the formation energy and constructing the associated convex hull. Fortunately, this information has become widely available through density functional theory (DFT) data repositories to the point that they can be used to develop machine learning models. In this Review, we discuss the specific design choices for developing a machine learning model capable of predicting formation energy, including the thermodynamic quantities governing material stability. We investigate several models presented in the literature that cover various possible architectures and feature sets and find that they have succeeded in uncovering new DFT-stable compounds and directing materials synthesis. To expand access to machine learning models for synthetic solid-state chemists, we additionally present MatLearn. This web-based application is intended to guide the exploration of a composition diagram towards regions likely to contain thermodynamically accessible inorganic compounds. Finally, we discuss the future of machine-learned formation energy and highlight the opportunities for improved predictive power toward the synthetic realization of new energy-related materials.
‘No one blames men in our society’: Indian police officers’ perceptions of female complainants
Authors: Tripathi Saumya , Azhar Sameena 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to identify Indian police officers’ perceptions of female complainants and how these perceptions influenced their handling of cases involving women and girls. Using a phenomenological approach, we conducted a qualitative study involving interviews with 12 police officers who were recruited through purposive and snowball sampling. Patriarchal perceptions regarding gender roles influenced police attitudes regarding female complainants, including scepticism regarding the truthfulness of female complainants. As a result, they often did not file their cases in attempt to prevent women from experiencing shame and social stigma. The study expands our understanding of how the gendered nature of policing has direct implications for the outcomes of complaints made by women in India.
Rheumatologic disorders in patients undergoing esophageal manometry: prevalence, symptom characteristics, and manometric findings
Authors: Qureshi Anam , Jehangir Asad , Malik Zubair , Parkman Henry P 
Published: February 2021

Summary
Rheumatologic disorders (RDs) can have gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations. Systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients often have upper GI symptoms from absent esophageal contractility (AC). Upper GI symptom characteristics and high-resolution esophageal manometry with impedance (HREMI) findings of other RDs have not been well studied. We aimed to: (i) determine the prevalence of RD in patients undergoing HREMI and (ii) assess the symptom characteristics and manometric findings of these patients. Patients undergoing HREMI (July 2018 to March 2020) rated their GI symptoms’ severity. Healthy volunteers (HVs) also underwent HREMI. Of the 1,003 patients, 90 (9%) had RD (mean age: 55.3 ± 1.4 years, 73.3% females), most commonly SSc (n = 27), rheumatoid arthritis (RA, n = 20), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, n = 11). The most severe upper GI symptoms in patients with RD were heartburn, regurgitation, nausea, and dysphagia, with no significant differences in their severities between SSc, RA, and SLE. RD patients had higher upper esophageal sphincter (UES) pressures, lower distal contractile integral (DCI), lower bolus clearance, and more frequent hiatal hernia (HH) on HREMI (all P &lt; 0.05) than HVs. Over half (61.1%) of patients with RD had esophageal motility disorders, most commonly AC (n = 25), ineffective esophageal motility (IEM; n = 18), and esophagogastric junction (EGJ) obstructive disorders (n = 11). Among patients undergoing HREMI, 9% had RD. Upper GI symptom severities did not distinguish different RDs. Patients with RD had higher UES pressures, weaker DCI, lower bolus clearance, and more frequent HH than HVs. Although AC and IEM were most common motility disorders, a considerable minority (12.2%) of our RD patients had EGJ obstructive disorders.
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency after esophagectomy: a systematic review of literature
Authors: Blonk L , Wierdsma N J , Jansma E P , Kazemier G , van der Peet D L , Straatman J 
Published: February 2021

Summary
Complaints of maldigestion, malabsorption, and unintended weight loss after esophagectomy are often attributed to an impaired exocrine pancreatic function. This review systematically summarizes all literature reporting on the presence of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) after esophagectomy and the effect of treatment with pancreatic enzymes on gastrointestinal complaints, body weight, and quality of life. Databases of PubMed, Embase, and Wiley/Cochrane Library were searched systematically until July 2020. Studies reporting on EPI and pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy after esophagectomy were included. The Newcastle–Ottawa scale was used to assess study quality. Four studies, including 158 patients, were selected. The maximum score for study quality was six (range 4–6). Exocrine pancreatic function was investigated in three studies, measured by fecal elastase-1 and 72-hour fecal fat excretion. Fecal elastase-1 levels &lt;200 μg/g were reported in 16% of patients at 4 months, 18% at 6 months, and 31% at 18–24 months postoperatively. A decreased fecal fat absorption was noticed in 57% 1 month postoperatively. Treatment with pancreatic enzymes was reported in two studies. In patients with fecal elastase-1 levels &lt;200 μg/g, 90% of patients reported improvement in symptoms and 70% reported improvement in weight. In patients with complaints of steatorrhea, 87% noticed settlement of symptoms. Based on current literature, complaints of maldigestion, malabsorption, and unintended weight loss after esophagectomy are common and can be related to an impaired exocrine pancreatic function. High-quality studies evaluating the presence of EPI and the effect of treatment with pancreatic enzymes after esophagectomy are needed to verify this conclusion.
Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure is associated with left atrial functional measures by echocardiography
Authors: Olsen FJ , Mogelvang R , De Knegt MC , Galatius S , Pedersen S , Modin D , Ravnkilde K , Gislason G , Biering-Sorensen T 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): The Danish Heart Foundation
Background
Assessment of maximal LA volume (LAVmax) is recommended in imaging guidelines but evidence suggests additional value of functional LA measures. How extended measures of LA function associate to left ventricular filling pressure has not been fully explored.
Purpose
To investigate the association between functional LA measures and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP)
Methods
Patients suspected of coronary artery disease referred for angiography had simultaneous left heart catheterization performed for invasive pressure measurements. LVEDP &gt; 12mmHg was considered elevated. LA measurements by echocardiography included: LAVmax, minimal LA volume (LAVmin), total LA emptying fraction (total LAEF), passive LA emptying fraction (passive LAEF), and active LA emptying fraction (active LAEF).
Results
Of 43 patients, 28 (65%) had elevated LVEDP. These patients more frequently had coronary vessel disease (VD) and impaired LA mechanics by all accounts except by LAVmax.
All LA measures except LAVmax were associated with LVEDP in unadjusted linear regression analyses, however, only LA emptying fractions remained associated with LVEDP after adjusting for age and VD (2.6 (1.2-4.0) mmHg increase, p = 0.001, per 5% decrease in total LAEF; 1.4 (0.1-2.8) mmHg increase, p = 0.040, per 5% decrease in active LAEF; 1.8 (0.1-3.4) mmHg increase, p = 0.038, per 5% decrease in passive LAEF).
In logistic regression, passive LAEF was significantly associated with elevated LVEDP (figure), and this was also the case after adjusting for age and VD (OR = 1.11 (1.01-1.21), p = 0.023, per 1% decrease). Similar findings were made in subgroup analyses among patients without dilated LA and patients without conventional indicators of elevated filling pressure.

Conclusion
Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure is significantly associated with LA functional measures but not LA volumes. Additionally, passive LAEF is associated with elevated LVEDP. Future studies examining LA function should include all components of LAEF.
Abstract Figure.
Long-term evolution of echocardiography parameters in Brugada syndrome patients
Authors: Scheirlynck E , Motoc A , De Asmundis C , Sieira J , Koulalis J , Van Malderen S , Chierchia GB , Pappaert G , Haugaa KH , Lie ØH , Cannaerts E , Van Dooren S , Brugada P , Cosyns B , Droogmans S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – EU funding. Main funding source(s): ESC Research Grant

Background
Brugada syndrome is a heritable disorder with a high risk of sudden death. Although being a primary electrical disorder, subtle structural changes have repeatedly been described. Little is known about the long-term structural evolution in Brugada syndrome.

Purpose
We aimed to assess the evolution of echocardiographic parameters in Brugada syndrome and the presence of markers of structural evolution.

Methods
Brugada syndrome patients with minimum two complete transthoracic echocardiographic examinations were included. Clinical data were collected retrospectively. We analyzed all available echocardiographic examinations and assessed the evolution of cardiac parameters over time and its association with patient characteristics.

Results
The study included 113 Brugada syndrome patients [47 (33-55) years, 59 (52%) female, spontaneous type 1 ECG in 26 (23%)], with a total of 258 echocardiographies, collected over a period of 6.8 (6.6-7.1) years. Proximal and distal right ventricular outflow tract and basal right ventricular diameter dilated at a rate of 0.2 (0.1-0.3) mm/year (p = 0.004), 0.4 (0.3-0.5) mm/year (p &lt; 0.001) and 0.6 (0.4-0.8) mm/year (p &lt; 0.001) respectively (Figure). Left ventricular mechanical dispersion increased from 38 (±11) ms to 42 (±12) ms (p = 0.001). Neither male sex, nor presenting a spontaneous type 1 ECG pattern were associated with worse structural evolution.

Conclusion
We observed progressive right ventricular outflow tract and basal right ventricle dilation and an increasing contractile dyssynchrony in Brugada syndrome, potentially indicating a progressive structural affection. Further research is warranted to unravel underlying mechanisms and possible clinical implications of progressive structural changes in Brugada syndrome.
Abstract Figure.
Comparison of two methods to predict CRT-response
Authors: Hubert A , Galard A , Le Rolle V , Galli E , Hernandez A , Donal E 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public hospital(s). Main funding source(s): Hospital university of Rennes INSERM - LTSI

Background
Non-invasive estimation of myocardial work by trans-thoracic echocardiography is a novel tool to analyze myocardial contraction efficiency during systole. Two methods are described, on using Left ventricular (LV) strain and a LV pressure estimation, and another with only LV strain integrals. The present study analyzes their utility in prediction of CRT-response.
Methods and results: 243 patients implanted by a CRT according to current recommendations were retrospectively included in hospital university of Rennes. All patients had a complete trans-thoracic echocardiography at implantation and at 6-moths follow-up. Responders were defined as having a 15% decrease in indexed LV end-systolic volume at follow-up compared to baseline. Baseline characteristics are described in table 1. 25.1% were non-responders. In this group, there were more men, more ischemic cardiomyopathies with more dilated LV. Strain signals ware analyzed only in the most informative loop, the apical 4 cavities. Myocardial work estimation with LV pressure estimation was previously described. The 3 different integral of strain signal were represented in figure 1. According to ROC curves, myocardial work (particularly wasted work in septal wall with AUC = 0.718 ± 0.04) estimated with LV pressure estimation is better than strain integrals to predict LV positive remodeling (best AUC 0.631 ± 0.040) after CRT-implantation.

Conclusion
Left ventricular pressure estimation give useful information on top of strain curves for prediction for CRT-response.
Table 1 Responders n = 182 Non-responders n = 61 Men (%) 109 (59.9%) 52 (85%) Ischemic cardiomyopathy (%) 42 (23.1%) 34 (55.7%) LVEF (%) 28 ± 6 28 ± 7 GLS (%) -9 ± 3 -7 ± 3 LVEDD (mm) 62 ± 8 67 ± 7 LVEDVi (ml/m2) 85 ± 34 88 ± 30 LVEF Left ventricular ejection fraction; GLS: global longitudinal strain; LVEDD: left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVEDVi: left ventricular end diastolic volume index Abstract Figure 1
Global wasted myocardial is unrelated to conventional markers of systolic and diastolic function in patients with acute heart failure
Authors: Sahiti F , Morbach C , Henneges C , Breunig M , Cejka V , Scholz N , Ertl G , Frantz S , Angermann C , Stoerk S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Private grant(s) and/or Sponsorship. Main funding source(s): The AHF Register is supported by an unrestricted grant of Behringer Ingelheim, and grants of the German Ministry of Research and Education within the Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, Würzburg (BMBF 01E01004 and 01E01504)

onbehalf
AHF Registry
Background & Aim Myocardial Work (MyW) analysis quantifies myocardial performance using non-invasively derived pressure-strain loops. It is considered less load-dependent than left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and longitudinal strain, since it integrates blood pressure into the assessment. We assessed associations between MyW indices, natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and conventional markers of systolic and diastolic cardiac function mirroring the hemodynamic changes occurring during hospitalization, in patients hospitalized for acute heart failure (AHF).
Methods Consecutive patients (≥18 years) hospitalized for AHF with serial high-quality pairs of echocardiograms (i.e., early after hospitalization and prior to discharge) were eligible. Exclusion criteria were high output AHF, cardiogenic shock, and being listed for high urgency transplantation. The following MyW measures [definition in brackets] were analyzed from the stored recordings: Global constructive work (GCW) [sum of positive work performed during systolic shortening plus negative work during lengthening in isovolumetric relaxation (IVR)], global wasted work (GWW) [sum of negative work performed during systolic lengthening plus work performed during shortening in IVR], global work efficiency (GWE) [constructive work/(constructive work + wasted work)]; global work index (GWI) [total work performed from mitral valve closure to mitral valve opening]. Associations were determined using scatter plots and Pearson Product-Moment correlation coefficients.
Results N = 126 patients (73 ± 12 years, 37% female) were eligible. GWI and GCW proved significantly correlated with surrogates measured both on admission and at discharge, NT-proBNP, LVEF, and e’ (Table). By contrast, GWW did not correlate with any of these variables. GWE was also correlated with NT-proBNP (and e’ at discharge), but at both time points respective correlations were more pronounced.
Conclusion In patients hospitalized for AHF, GWI, GCW and GWE were associated with conventional parameters of myocardial stress and LV dysfunction. In contrast, GWW was unrelated with any of these established markers. Future studies in larger cohorts and with longer-term follow-up need to clarify to what extent might GWW carry complementary clinical and prognostic significance.
Abstract Figure.
Non-invasive myocardial work normal reference ranges in healthy children
Authors: Sabatino J , Leo I , Borrelli N , Avesani M , La Bella S , Josen M , Paredes J , Sirico D , Piccinelli E , Delle Donne G , Brida M , Indolfi C , Fraisse A , Di Salvo G 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

BACKGROUND
Myocardial work (MW) estimation by pressure-strain loops (PSL) allows a non-invasive evaluation of myocardial performance, as recently demonstrated in adult patients.
Aim of this study is to provide the reference values for global myocardial work index (MWI), constructive work (MCW), wasted work (MWW), and work efficiency (MWE) in a group of healthy children.

METHODS
Assessment of MW was performed using a commercially available software package (Echopac, GE). MW was measured from PSLs areas, derived from non-invasive LVP curves combined with strain acquired speckle tracking echocardiography (STE).
After calculating GLS, values of brachial blood pressure were inserted and the time of valvular events by echocardiography were indicated, then the software was able to measure non-invasive PSLs.

RESULTS
Two-dimensional (2D) standard and speckle-tracking echocardiography were performed in 90 healthy children (mean age 9.9 ±4.9 [1-17] years, females: 57%) together with the assessment of MW by means of PSLs.
Mean ± standard deviation, 5° and 95° percentile values for global MWI, MCW, MWW, and MWE in the whole population were 1769 ± 254 mm Hg, (1354-2193); 2201 ± 290 mm Hg, (1657-2658); 78 ± 47 (29-163) mm Hg%; 96 ± 1.8 (92-99)%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
The assessment of MW is feasible in healthy children. This study provides useful 2-dimensional echocardiographic reference ranges for novel indices of non-invasive MW.