bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation Science: Application of Evidence‐Based Practice Models to Improve Healthcare Quality
Authors: Tucker Sharon , McNett Molly , Mazurek Melnyk Bernadette , Hanrahan Kirsten , Hunter Sarah C. , Kim Bo , Cullen Laura , Kitson Alison 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundTranslating research into practice is complex for clinicians, yet essential for high quality patient care. The field of implementation science evolved to address this gap by developing theoretical approaches to guide adoption and sustained implementation of practice changes. Clinicians commonly lack knowledge, time, and resources of how evidence‐based practice (EBP) models can guide implementation, contributing to the knowledge‐to‐practice gap.AimThis paper aimed to equip clinicians and other healthcare professionals with implementation science knowledge, confidence, and models to facilitate EBP change in their local setting and ultimately improve healthcare quality, safety, and population health outcomes.MethodsThe field of implementation science is introduced, followed by application of three select models. Models are applied to a clinical scenario to emphasize contextual factors, process, implementation strategies, and outcome evaluation. Key attributes, strengths, opportunities, and utilities of each model are presented, along with general resources for selecting and using published criteria to best fit clinical needs. Partnerships between implementation scientists and clinicians are highlighted to facilitate the uptake of evidence into practice.Linking Evidence to ActionKnowledge of implementation science can help clinicians adopt high‐quality evidence into their practices. Application‐oriented approaches can guide clinicians through the EBP processes. Clinicians can partner with researchers in advancing implementation science to continue to accelerate the adoption of evidence and reduce the knowledge‐to‐action gap.
Zoonotic Bartonella species in Eurasian wolves and other free‐ranging wild mammals from Italy
Authors: Greco Grazia , Zarea Aya Attia Koraney , Sgroi Giovanni , Tempesta Maria , D’Alessio Nicola , Lanave Gianvito , Bezerra‐Santos Marcos Antônio , Iatta Roberta , Veneziano Vincenzo , Otranto Domenico , Chomel Bruno 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBartonellae are emerging vector‐borne pathogens infecting humans, domestic mammals and wildlife. Ninety‐seven red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), 8 European badgers (Meles meles), 6 Eurasian wolves (Canis lupus), 6 European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus), 3 beech martens (Martes foina) and 2 roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) from Italian Nature Conservatory Parks were investigated for Bartonella infection. Several Bartonella species (9.84%; 95% CI: 4.55–15.12), including zoonotic ones, were molecularly detected among wolves (83.3%; 95% CI: 51–100.00), foxes (4.12%; 95% CI: 0.17–8.08), hedgehogs (33.33%; 95% CI: 0.00–71.05) and a roe deer. Bartonella rochalimae was the most common Bartonella species (i.e. in 4 foxes and 2 wolves) detected. Candidatus B. merieuxii and B. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii were identified for the first time in wolves. Furthermore, Bartonella schoenbuchensis was identified in a roe deer and a new clone with phylogenetic proximity to B. clarridgeiae was detected in European hedgehogs. Zoonotic and other Bartonella species were significantly more frequent in Eurasian wolves (p < .0001), than in other free‐ranging wild mammals, representing a potential reservoir for infection in humans and domestic animals.
COVID-19 changing the face of the world. Can sub-Sahara Africa cope?
Authors: Machingauta Mandidayingeyi Hellen , Lungu Bwayla , Lungu Edward M 
Published: March 2021

We formulate a mathematical model for the spread of the coronavirus which incorporates adherence to disease prevention. The major results of this study are: first, we determined optimal infection coefficients such that high levels of coronavirus transmission are prevented. Secondly, we have found that there? exists several optimal pairs of removal rates, from the general population of asymptomatic and symptomatic infectives respectively that can protect hospital bed capacity and flatten the hospital admission curve. Of the many optimal strategies, this study recommends the pair that yields the least number of coronavirus related deaths. The results for South Africa, which is better placed than the other sub-Sahara African countries, show that failure to address hygiene and adherence issues will preclude the existence of an optimal strategy and could result in a more severe epidemic than the Italian COVID-19 epidemic. Relaxing lockdown measures to allow individuals to attend to vital needs such as food replenishment increases household and community infection rates and the severity of the overall infection.
Associations Between Accelerometer-Based Free-Living Walking and Self-Reported Walking Capability Among Community-Dwelling Older People
Authors: Skantz Heidi , Rantalainen Timo , Karavirta Laura , Rantakokko Merja , Palmberg Lotta , Portegijs Erja , Rantanen Taina 
Published: March 2021

The authors examined whether accelerometer-based free-living walking differs between those reporting walking modifications or perceiving walking difficulty versus those with no difficulty. Community-dwelling 75-, 80-, or 85-year-old people (N = 479) wore accelerometers continuously for 3–7 days, and reported whether they perceived no difficulties, used walking modifications, or perceived difficulties walking 2 km. Daily walking minutes, walking bouts, walking bout intensity and duration, and activity fragmentation were calculated from accelerometer recordings, and cut points for increased risk for perceiving walking difficulties were calculated using receiver operating characteristic analysis. The authors’ analyses showed that accumulating ≤83.1 daily walking minutes and walking bouts duration ≤47.8 s increased the likelihood of reporting walking modifications and difficulties. Accumulating walking bouts ≤99.4 per day, having walking bouts ≤0.119 g intensity, and ≥0.257 active to sedentary transition probability fragmented activity pattern were associated only with perceiving walking difficulties. The findings suggest that older people’s accelerometer-based free-living walking reflects their self-reported walking capability.
Impact of a blended curriculum on nursing handover quality: a quality improvement project
Authors: Losfeld Xavier , Istas Laure , Schoonvaere Quentin , Vergnion Michel , Bergs Jochen 
Published: March 2021

Context and objectiveThe negative consequences of inadequate nursing handovers on patient safety are widely acknowledged, both within the literature as in practice. Evidence regarding strategies to improve nursing handover is, however, lacking. This study investigates the effect of a tailored, blended curriculum on nurses’ perception of handover quality.MethodsWe used a pre-test/post-test design within four units of a Belgian general hospital. Our educational intervention consisted of an e-learning module on professional communication and a face-to-face session on the use of a structured method for handovers. All nurses completed this blended curriculum (n=87). We used the Handover Evaluation Scale (HES) to evaluate nurses’ perception of handover quality before and after the intervention. The HES was answered by 87.4% of the nurses (n=76 of 87) before and 50.6% (n=44 of 87) after the intervention. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess the validity of the HES.ResultsThe original factor structure did not fit with our data. We identified a new HES structure with acceptable or good fit indices. The overall internal consistency of our HES structure was considered adequate. Perception of nurses on Relevance of information showed a significant improvement (M=53.19±4.33 vs M=61.03±6.01; p=0.04). Nurses also felt that the timely provision of patient information improved significantly (M=4.50±0.34 vs M=5.16±0.40; p=0.01).ConclusionThe applied intervention resulted in an improved awareness on the importance of Relevance of information during handovers. After our intervention, the nurses’ perception of the HES item ‘Patient information is provided in a timely manner’ also improved significantly. We are aware that the educational intervention is only the first step to achieve the long-term implementation of a culture of professional communication based on mutual support.
Identifying sex-specific differences in the carotid revascularisation literature: findings from a scoping review
Authors: Yogendrakumar Vignan , Shamy Michel , Dewar Brian , Fergusson Dean A , Dowlatshahi Dar , Hamel Candyce , Gocan Sophia , Fedyk Mark , Mas Jean-Louis , Rothwell Peter , Howard Virginia , Bereznyakova Olena 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveNo systematic review of the literature has dedicated itself to looking at the management of symptomatic carotid stenosis in female patients. In this scoping review, we aimed to identify all randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that reported sex-specific outcomes for patients who underwent carotid revascularisation, and determine whether sufficient information is reported within these studies to assess short-term and long-term outcomes in female patients.Design, setting and participantsWe systematically searched Medline, Embase, Pubmed and Cochrane libraries for RCTs published between 1991 and 2020 that included female patients and compared either endarterectomy with stenting, or any revascularisation (endarterectomy or stenting) with medical therapy in patients with symptomatic high-grade (>50%) carotid stenosis.ResultsFrom 1537 references examined, 27 eligible studies were identified. Sex-specific outcomes were reported in 13 studies. Baseline patient characteristics of enrolled female patients were reported in 2 of those 13 studies. Common outcomes reported included stroke and death, however, there was significant heterogeneity in the reporting of both periprocedural and long-term outcomes. Sex-specific differences relating to the degree of stenosis and time from index event to treatment are largely limited to studies comparing endarterectomy to medical therapy. Adverse events were not reported by sex.ConclusionsOnly half of the previously published RCTs and systematic reviews report sex-specific outcomes. Detailed analyses on the results of carotid artery intervention for female patients with symptomatic stenosis are limited.
The identification of $${{\varvec{\alpha }}}$$-clustered doorway states in $$^{44,48,52}$$Ti using machine learning
Authors: Bailey Sam , Kokalova Tzany , Freer Martin , Wheldon Carl , Smith Robin , Walshe Joseph , Soić Neven , Prepolec Lovro , Tokić Vedrana , Marqués Francisco Miguel , Achouri Lynda , Delaunay Franck , Parlog Marian , Deshayes Quentin , Fernández-Dominguez Beatriz , Jacquot Bertrand 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA novel experimental analysis method has been developed, making use of the continuous wavelet transform and machine learning to rapidly identify $$\alpha $$
α
-clustering in nuclei in regions of high nuclear state density. This technique was applied to resonant scattering measurements of the $$^\text {4}$$

4

He($$^\text {40,44,48}$$

40,44,48

Ca,$$\alpha $$
α
) resonant reactions, allowing the $$\alpha $$
α
-cluster structure of $$^\text {44,48,52}$$

44,48,52

Ti to be investigated. Fragmented $$\alpha $$
α
-clustering was identified in $$^\text {44}$$

44

Ti and $$^\text {52}$$

52

Ti, while the results for $$^\text {48}$$

48

Ti were less conclusive, but suggest no such clustering.
Support the underground: characteristics of beyond-mainstream music listeners
Authors: Kowald Dominik , Muellner Peter , Zangerle Eva , Bauer Christine , Schedl Markus , Lex Elisabeth 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMusic recommender systems have become an integral part of music streaming services such as Spotify and Last.fm to assist users navigating the extensive music collections offered by them. However, while music listeners interested in mainstream music are traditionally served well by music recommender systems, users interested in music beyond the mainstream (i.e., non-popular music) rarely receive relevant recommendations. In this paper, we study the characteristics of beyond-mainstream music and music listeners and analyze to what extent these characteristics impact the quality of music recommendations provided. Therefore, we create a novel dataset consisting of Last.fm listening histories of several thousand beyond-mainstream music listeners, which we enrich with additional metadata describing music tracks and music listeners. Our analysis of this dataset shows four subgroups within the group of beyond-mainstream music listeners that differ not only with respect to their preferred music but also with their demographic characteristics. Furthermore, we evaluate the quality of music recommendations that these subgroups are provided with four different recommendation algorithms where we find significant differences between the groups. Specifically, our results show a positive correlation between a subgroup’s openness towards music listened to by members of other subgroups and recommendation accuracy. We believe that our findings provide valuable insights for developing improved user models and recommendation approaches to better serve beyond-mainstream music listeners.
Genomic, Transcriptomic, and Proteomic Profiling of Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Akcakanat Argun , Zheng Xiaofeng , Cruz Pico Christian X. , Kim Tae-Beom , Chen Ken , Korkut Anil , Sahin Aysegul , Holla Vijaykumar , Tarco Emily , Singh Gopal , Damodaran Senthil , Mills Gordon B. , Gonzalez-Angulo Ana Maria , Meric-Bernstam Funda 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Purpose:
Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is not curable and there is a growing interest in personalized therapy options. Here we report molecular profiling of MBC focusing on molecular evolution in actionable alterations.

Experimental Design:
Sixty-two patients with MBC were included. An analysis of DNA, RNA, and functional proteomics was done, and matched primary and metastatic tumors were compared when feasible.

Results:
Targeted exome sequencing of 41 tumors identified common alterations in TP53 (21; 51%) and PIK3CA (20; 49%), as well as alterations in several emerging biomarkers such as NF1 mutations/deletions (6; 15%), PTEN mutations (4; 10%), and ARID1A mutations/deletions (6; 15%). Among 27 hormone receptor–positive patients, we identified MDM2 amplifications (3; 11%), FGFR1 amplifications (5; 19%), ATM mutations (2; 7%), and ESR1 mutations (4; 15%). In 10 patients with matched primary and metastatic tumors that underwent targeted exome sequencing, discordances in actionable alterations were common, including NF1 loss in 3 patients, loss of PIK3CA mutation in 1 patient, and acquired ESR1 mutations in 3 patients. RNA sequencing in matched samples confirmed loss of NF1 expression with genomic NF1 loss. Among 33 patients with matched primary and metastatic samples that underwent RNA profiling, 14 actionable genes were differentially expressed, including antibody–drug conjugate targets LIV-1 and B7-H3.

Conclusions:
Molecular profiling in MBC reveals multiple common as well as less frequent but potentially actionable alterations. Genomic and transcriptional profiling demonstrates intertumoral heterogeneity and potential evolution of actionable targets with tumor progression. Further work is needed to optimize testing and integrated analysis for treatment selection.
Maternal Angiotensin Increases Placental Leptin in Early Gestation via an Alternative Renin-Angiotensin System Pathway
Authors: Nonn Olivia , Fischer Cornelius , Geisberger Sabrina , El-Heliebi Amin , Kroneis Thomas , Forstner Désirée , Desoye Gernot , Staff Anne Cathrine , Sugulle Meryam , Dechend Ralf , Pecks Ulrich , Kollmann Martina , Stern Christina , Cartwright Judith E. , Whitley Guy S. , Thilaganathan Basky , Wadsack Christian , Huppertz Berthold , Herse Florian , Gauster Martin 
Published: March 2021

Various studies found an association of different renin-angiotensin system (RAS) components with gestational duration and preterm birth, as well as with preeclampsia. Approximately 25% of first-time pregnant women develop a mild to severe hypertension in pregnancy or even preeclampsia. Based on recently published single-cell RNA-sequencing, we hypothesized an alternative RAS function in placenta and furthermore, an implication in hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.
Placental RAS expression and localization was analyzed via quantitative polymerase chain reaction and in situ mRNA padlock probes. Tissue was collected from first-trimester elective termination (n=198), from healthy third-trimester controls (n=54), from early-onset preeclamptic (n=54) and age-matched controls (n=29), as well as first-trimester placentae from women with a high uterine artery resistance index (high-risk for preeclampsia, n=9) and controls (n=8). Serum levels of Ang (angiotensin) I to IV from women before and after conception were measured via mass spectrometry (n=10). Placental explants were cultured in 2.5% oxygen with Ang II, candesartan, and leptin. Seahorse XF96 MitoStress assays assessed trophoblast metabolism.
Here, we show that maternal angiotensin acts on placental LNPEP (leucine aminopeptidase), that is, angiotensin IV-receptor and fetal angiotensin on placental AGTR1 (angiotensin II receptor type 1). Maternal circulating RAS shifts towards Ang IV in pregnancy. Ang IV decreases trophoblastic mitochondrial respiration and increases placental leptin via placental LNPEP. Lower placental LNPEP in preeclampsia and in first-trimester patients at high-risk for preeclampsia suggests a new alternative route in maternal RAS signaling and may contribute to hypertension and disease in pregnancy.
The study shows how hypertensive disorders in pregnancy may be connected metabolic alterations that finally seem to contribute to the multifactorial disease in pregnancy, preeclampsia.
RYANSQL: Recursively Applying Sketch-based Slot Fillings for Complex Text-to-SQL in Cross-Domain Databases
Authors: Choi DongHyun , Shin Myeong Cheol , Kim EungGyun , Shin Dong Ryeol 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Text-to-SQL is the problem of converting a user question into an SQL query, when the question and database are given. In this article, we present a neural network approach called RYANSQL (Recursively Yielding Annotation Network for SQL) to solve complex Text-to-SQL tasks for cross-domain databases. Statement Position Code (SPC) is defined to transform a nested SQL query into a set of non-nested SELECT statements; a sketch-based slot filling approach is proposed to synthesize each SELECT statement for its corresponding SPC. Additionally, two input manipulation methods are presented to improve generation performance further. RYANSQL achieved competitive result of 58.2% accuracy on the challenging Spider benchmark. At the time of submission (April 2020), RYANSQL v2, a variant of original RYANSQL, is positioned at 3rd place among all systems and 1st place among the systems not using database content with 60.6% exact matching accuracy. The source code is available at https://github.com/kakaoenterprise/RYANSQL.
Marine Biodiversity Negotiations During COVID-19: A New Role for Digital Diplomacy?
Authors: Vadrot Alice B. M. , Langlet Arne , Tessnow-von Wysocki Ina , Tolochko Petro , Brogat Emmanuelle , Ruiz-Rodríguez Silvia C. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMeasures related to the COVID-19 pandemic have indefinitely postponed in-person formal international negotiations for a new legally binding instrument under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ). As a result, online initiatives have emerged to keep informal dialogue ongoing among both state and nonstate actors. To continue our research on the BBNJ process, we adapted our methodology and conducted a survey in May 2020 exploring the impact of COVID-19 on respondents’ BBNJ-related work and communication. This research note identifies online initiatives and communication channels set up to maintain negotiation momentum and examines the challenges and opportunities of digital diplomacy for multilateral environmental agreement making, as well as the study thereof. We discuss future avenues for global environmental politics research and conclude that digital ethnographies provide an entry point to study some of these dynamics but need to be adapted to the study of negotiation settings and the specific context of multilateral environmental diplomacy.
The Role of Sensory Feedback in Developmental Stuttering: A Review
Authors: Bradshaw Abigail R. , Lametti Daniel R. , McGettigan Carolyn 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Developmental stuttering is a neurodevelopmental disorder that severely affects speech fluency. Multiple lines of evidence point to a role of sensory feedback in the disorder; this has led to a number of theories proposing different disruptions to the use of sensory feedback during speech motor control in people who stutter. The purpose of this review was to bring together evidence from studies using altered auditory feedback paradigms with people who stutter, in order to evaluate the predictions of these different theories. This review highlights converging evidence for particular patterns of differences in the responses of people who stutter to feedback perturbations. The implications for hypotheses on the nature of the disruption to sensorimotor control of speech in the disorder are discussed, with reference to neurocomputational models of speech control (predominantly, the DIVA model; Guenther et al., 2006; Tourville et al., 2008). While some consistent patterns are emerging from this evidence, it is clear that more work in this area is needed with developmental samples in particular, in order to tease apart differences related to symptom onset from those related to compensatory strategies that develop with experience of stuttering.
Power and Globalization in Africa: Perceptions of Barriers to Fair Economic Development in Kenya
Authors: Ngendakurio John Bosco 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This article seeks to reveal the primary barriers to fair economic development based on Kenyans’ perceptions of power and globalization. This search was initially sparked by the seeming disinterest of First World scholars to understand the reasons why poor countries benefit so little from the global market as reflected in a subsequent lack of a wide-ranging existing literature about the subject. The literature suggests that global capitalism is dominated by a powerful small elite, the so-called Transnational Capitalist Class (TCC), but how does this relate to Kenya and Africa in general? We know that the TCC has strong connections to financial capital and wealthy transnational corporations. It also pushes neo-liberalism, which becomes the taken-for-granted everyday language and culture that justifies state policies that result in a further class polarization between the rich and poor.
Using Kenya as a case study, this article draws on original qualitative research involving face-to-face interviews with Kenyan residents in different sectors who spoke freely about what they perceive to be Kenya’s place in the world order. My interview results show that, on top of the general lack of economic power in the world order, the main barriers to Africa’s performance are neo-colonial and imperialist practices, poor technology, poor infrastructure, general governance issues, and purchasing power.