bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STUDY OF MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF FORAMEN MAGNUM IN DRY HUMAN SKULL AT SMS MEDICAL COLLEGE, JAIPUR, RAJASTHAN
Authors: Bhardwaj Krati , Agarwal Chandrakala , Saxena Dhiraj , Singh Jitendra 
Published: March 2021

Background: The present study was conducted for analysis of the morphometry shape and determination of sex by foramen Magnum.
Methods: After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria 30 dried human skull of unknown age and sex were slected for present study from the Department of anatomy, S.M.S. Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan. In case of skull bones, all 30 cranial bases were visually assessed for FM shape classification. Each FM shape was classified into one of the 8 types: oval, egg, round, tetragonal, pentagonal, hexagonal, combination of 2 different semicircles and irregular.
Results: The mean anteroposterior diameter of foramen magnum male and female skull bones were found to be 37.17±1.76 mm and 33.92±3.50 mm respectively.The mean transverse diameter of foramen mgnum in male and female skull bones were found to be 29.49±2.68 mm and 29.38±2.47 mm respectively.The mean area of foramen magnum male and female skull bones were found to be 818.05±119.66 mm² and 847.57±105.85 mm² respectively.The mean index of foramen magnum in male and female skull bones were found to be 84.00±5.41 and 80.27±5.79 respectively.Overall skull bones showed a medium type of foramen magnum index .
Conclusion: We concluded that the several anatomic parameters such as shape and dimensions of foramen magnum should be taken into consideration during surgery involving the craniovertebral junction. Also these can be used during forensic and anthropological investigation of unknown individuals for determining gender, ethnicity, etc
Keywords: Skull, foramen magnum, skull.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DESA BANYU RESMI DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS HIDUP MELALUI BIDANG PENDIDIKAN, KESEHATAN DAN EKONOMI
Authors: Rachmawati Fitria , Sahril Mohamad , Baihaqi Paqih , . Sinta 
Published: March 2021

Pembahasan terkait dengan tujuan pemberdayaan, Sulistiyani (2004) menjelaskan bahwa tujuan yang ingin dicapai dari pemberdayaan masyarakat adalah untuk membentuk individu dan masyarakat menjadi mandiri. Kemandirian tersebut meliputi kemandirian berpikir, bertindak dan mengendalikan apa yang mereka lakukan. Perlunya upaya pemberdayaan adalah berangkat dari kenyataan masih lemahnya posisi sebagian besar masyarakat dalam menuntut hak dan menjalankan kewajibannya ditunjukkan dengan kurang aksesnya mereka terhadap beberapa fasilitas, misalnya informasi, teknologi, permodalan usaha, hukum, dan kesehatan Berbagai kelemahan akses tersebut diawali dengan rendahnya tingkat pendidikan yang dimiliki oleh masyarakat kita terutama di pedesaaan yang ada di Kp Kenanga RT 04/06, Desa Banyu Resmi, Kec. Cigudeg, Kab. Bogor. Pelaksanaannya dalam masyarakat ataupun sekolah di wujudkan dengan pelatihan skill, mengajar dan tak lupa pentingnnya menanamkan akhlaqul karimah merupakan pondasi terpenting dalam segala aspek kehidupan. Dari semua pencapaian tersebut akan tercapaianya kualitas hidup yang diharapkan oleh semua masyarakat.
Dampak Covid-19 Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan dan Kinerja Layanan Badan Layanan Umum di Indonesia
Authors: Putra Donny Maha 
Published: March 2021

Pandemi COVID-19 berdampak turunnya kinerja layanan dan keuangan mayoritas satuan kerja Badan Layanan Umum (BLU) di Indonesia. Indikator kinerja keuangan diukur menggunakan rasio pendapatan operasional belanja operasional yang dikenal dengan istilah rasio POBO. Sedangkan indikator kinerja layanan diukur menggunakan Key Performance Indikator (KPI) BLU. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak pandemi COVID-19 terhadap kinerja layanan dan keuangan BLU melalui analisis PLOT rasio POBO dan KPI. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan analisis data sekunder diperdalam melalui wawancara. Sampel penelitian adalah data rasio POBO dan KPI dari 201 BLU atau 82.72 persen total BLU di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa diprediksi 78 persen BLU Kesehatan, 46 persen BLU Pendidikan, dan 47 persen BLU Rumpun Lainnya mengalami penurunan signifikan pada kinerja keuangan dan kinerja layanan. Namun di beberapa BLU, justru mengalami peningkatan seperti pada BLU pengelola dana. Implikasi penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa mayoritas terjadi penurunan baik kinerja keuangan dan kinerja layanan sebagai akibat dampak COVID-19. Temuan penelitian ini memberikan masukan terhadap pengelolaan BLU di Indonesia dalam menyusun strategi kebijakan operasional dalam menghadapi pandemi ini.
BUMDES DI KECAMATAN KABAWETAN : KAJIAN MANFAAT BAGI MASYARAKAT
Authors: Sari Indah Permata , Ekaputri Retno A. 
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the condition of BUMDes in Kabawetan district, Kepahiang Regency. The analytical method used is descriptive qualitative analysis. The data used in this research is secondary data. The results of this study indicate that the condition of BUMDes has gone well, BUMDes have been equipped with village regulations and village head decisions with adequate capital participation. Then BUMDes has a complete management and has several types of businesses. Keywords : BUMDes , Rural Economic
ANALISIS BELANJA DAERAH KOTA BENGKULU TAHUN 2014-2017 (TINJAUAN EFISIENSI DAN EFEKTIVITAS)
Authors: Hasanah Miftahul , Anitasari Merri 
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the level of efficiency and effectiveness of regional government expenditure in Bengkulu city. The analysis tools used to determine the implementation of regional government expenditure that is by using a descriptive elaboration which include; data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions/verification. Meanwhile, to determine the level of effectiveness and efficiency of regional government expenditure, by using the ratio of the efficiency and effectiveness. The results of efficiency analysis of regional government expenditure showed that the average of the calculation of the overall efficiency level formulation is 98%, this indicates that the level of efficiency is still low because the result is more than 80%. This suggests that local government is still wasteful in using the budget. The results of analysis of the effectiveness of government spending showed that the calculation of the effectiveness of regional government expenditure formulation of Bengkulu city in the period year of 2008 to 2017 fluctuate with the average rate of effectiveness of 93%. This it means that the level of effectiveness of regional government expenditure in the Bengkulu city is already effective, this is indicated from the results of calculations which show figure more than 90%. Keywords: Efficiency and Effectiveness: Regional Finance, Regional Expenditure
PEMBUATAN WEB BASE SIMULATOR PLANT DENGAN PLC UNTUK KULIAH PRAKTIKUM SECARA DARING
Authors: Muhamad Anda Falahuddin  , ARMAN MUHAMMAD , Farash Arya Pratama  , Muhammad Rasyid Ali  
Published: March 2021

Kondisi pandemic COVID-19 membuat kegiatan perkuliahan bergeser menjadi kuliah secara daring. Untuk kegiatan perkuliahan teori relative lebih mudah dilakukan, namun untuk kegiatan praktek diperlukan sarana untuk dalam bentuk suatu simulator plant. Pada penelitian ini buat suatu simulator plant berbasis web dengan menggunakan PLC Logo! Siemens. Tahap awal dari proses ini adalah pembuatan simulator dengan menggunakan PLC Logo! secara local. Simulator ini menggambar hubungan sejumlah input digital dan output digital, yang diprogram menggunakan perangkat lunak Logo! Softcomfort. Selanjutnya dikembangkan web base simulator dengan menggunakan perangkat web editor, sehingga simulator yang dibuat dapat diakses melalui akses web oleh mahasiswa. Pengujian yang dilakukan meliputi pengujian fungsional secara local dan pengujian akses perangkat secara daring oleh mahasiswa. Hasil Pengujian menunjukkan bahwa web base simulator plan ini dapat digunakan sebagai alat bantu praktikum daring dalam lingkungan terbatas.
Kata kunci: Web server, simulator, PLC
Patterns and Treatment Strategies of Osimertinib Resistance in T790M-Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Pooled Analysis
Authors: Wang Chunsheng , Zhao Kewei , Hu Shanliang , Li Minghuan , Song Yipeng 
Published: March 2021

IntroductionOsimertinib resistance is inevitable. The purpose of this study was to explore the predictive value of pretreatment clinical characteristics in T790M-positive non-small cell lung cancer NSCLC patients for the resistance pattern of osimertinib during tumor progression as well as the treatment strategy.MethodsWe performed a literature search in the NCBI PubMed database to identify relevant articles and completed a pooled analysis based on 29 related published studies. The relationship between clinical characteristics, EGFR mutation type, previous treatment history and the gene mutation pattern at resistance to osimertinib was analyzed.ResultsA total of 38 patients were included in the pooled analysis. Patients with an initial epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR mutation status of 19 deletions were more likely to have T790M loss (HR: 12.187, 95% CI: 2.186–67.945, p = 0.004). Patients with an initial EGFR mutation of L858R were more likely to have C797S mutations (HR: 0.063, 95% CI: 0.011–0.377, p = 0.002). The other factors (age, gender, ethnicity, smoking history, previous EGFR-TKI targeted therapy history, history of radiotherapy and chemotherapy) were not associated with the resistance pattern of osimertinib (all p &gt; 0.05).ConclusionsThe type of EFGR mutation in T790M-positive NSCLC patients prior to treatment can predict the resistance pattern to osimertinib. This finding plays a vital role and theoretical basis in guiding clinicians to formulate treatment strategies at the early stage of treatment and rationally combine drugs to overcome EGFR-TKI resistance.
The Diminishing Importance of Primary Site Identification in Cancer of Unknown Primary: A Canadian Single-Center Experience
Authors: Wong Boaz , Vickers Michael M. , Wheatley-Price Paul 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundCancer of unknown primary (CUP) describes patients with metastatic disease without an identified primary tumor site. Successful diagnosis and treatment of these patients remains difficult. Published guidelines on CUP have highlighted “favorable” subtype groups. We investigated a series of CUP patients to review adherence to guidelines, and identification of primary cancers or “favorable” subtypes.MethodsPatients with histologically confirmed CUP at an academic institution from 2012 to 2018 were identified. Patient demographics, tumor presentation, diagnostic work-up and treatment information were retrospectively collected from electronic data records for descriptive analysis and compared to published clinical guidelines. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients where the primary site was identified. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with primary site identification. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to determine factors associated with poorer OS.ResultsThree hundred and five patients were included with a median follow-up time of 4.3 months. Primary tumor sites were identified in 109 patients (37.5%), which was most commonly lung cancer (33%). Statistical analyses did not identify any demographic or initial presentation factors associated with identifying the primary or not. More diagnostic tests did not increase the likelihood of primary site identification (P=0.44). Patients with an identified primary did not have longer OS than other patients (median 5.2 months vs. 4.7 months, P=0.47). 57 patients (18.7%) who had a defined “favorable” subtype experienced superior OS (36.6 months vs. 3.8 months; P&lt;0.0001). Further, patients with good prognostic status who followed published treatment guidelines had longer OS (17.6 months vs. 13.2 months; P=0.04).ConclusionsCUP remains a difficult cancer to diagnose and treat. These results suggest identifying the primary has less impact than anticipated, but particular efforts to identify patients with “favorable” subtypes of CUP is important prognostically.
Heterogeneous Recommendations for School Attendance in Children With Chronic Kidney Diseases During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Europe
Authors: Schild Raphael , Hopf Luke , Loos Sebastian , Oh Jun , Levtchenko Elena 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: After worldwide closures due to the COVID-19 pandemic, schools have reopened in most European countries in late 2020. Consequently, for children with chronic diseases the risks of COVID-19 have to be weighed against the long-time risks of missing school.Methods: To evaluate the impact of chronic diseases on school attendance for children in Europe during the COVID-19 pandemic we conducted a survey among members of the European Society for Pediatric Nephrology (ESPN) between September and November 2020. We asked for current forms of schooling, the existence of national guidelines, parental concerns, and the pediatric nephrologists recommendations for school attendance for specific virtual patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).Results: Recommendations varied widely among pediatric nephrologists. A minority stated that specific recommendations for COVID-19 risk in children with kidney diseases existed in their country from local health authorities (9 of 29 countries; 31%) and/or national pediatric nephrology societies (9 of 29 countries; 31%). Over 90% of physicians have experienced parents keeping their children out of school against medical advice of their health providers and about 50% have experienced their patients being refused by school authorities. Consequently, 25% of all pediatric nephrologists estimated that more than 10% of their patients will not attend school regularly.Conclusion: COVID-19 causes educational deficits in the already vulnerable population of children with CKD. As the evidence for the course of COVID-19 in children with chronic diseases grows, rapidly adapted recommendations from pediatric societies could help reduce uncertainty among doctors, patients, and parents.
Aripiprazole as a Candidate Treatment of COVID-19 Identified Through Genomic Analysis
Authors: Crespo-Facorro Benedicto , Ruiz-Veguilla Miguel , Vázquez-Bourgon Javier , Sánchez-Hidalgo Ana C. , Garrido-Torres Nathalia , Cisneros Jose M. , Prieto Carlos , Sainz Jesus 
Published: March 2021

Background: Antipsychotics modulate expression of inflammatory cytokines and inducible inflammatory enzymes. Elopiprazole (a phenylpiperazine antipsychotic drug in phase 1) has been characterized as a therapeutic drug to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection in a repurposing study. We aim to investigate the potential effects of aripiprazole (an FDA approved phenylpiperazine) on COVID-19-related immunological parameters.Methods: Differential gene expression profiles of non-COVID-19 vs. COVID-19 RNA-Seq samples (CRA002390 project in GSA database) and drug-naïve patients with non-affective psychosis at baseline and after three months of aripiprazole treatment were identified. An integrative transcriptomic analyses of aripiprazole effects on differentially expressed genes in COVID-19 patients was performed.Findings: 82 out the 377 genes (21.7%) with expression significantly altered by aripiprazole have also their expression altered in COVID-19 patients and in 93.9% of these genes their expression is reverted by aripiprazole. The number of common genes with expression altered in both analyses is significantly higher than expected (Fisher’s Exact Test, two tail; p value = 3.2e-11). 11 KEGG pathways were significantly enriched with genes with altered expression both in COVID-19 patients and aripiprazole medicated non-affective psychosis patients (p adj&lt;0.05). The most significant pathways were associated to immune responses and mechanisms of hyperinflammation-driven pathology (i.e.,“inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)” (the most significant pathway with a p adj of 0.00021), “Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation” and “B cell receptor signaling pathway”) that have been also associated with COVID19 clinical outcome.Interpretation: This exploratory investigation may provide further support to the notion that a protective effect is exerted by aripiprazole (phenylpiperazine) by modulating the expression of genes that have shown to be altered in COVID-19 patients. Along with many ongoing studies and clinical trials, repurposing available medications could be of use in countering SARS-CoV-2 infection, but require further studies and trials.
Factores de riesgo para bacteriemia en neutropenia febril en pacientes pediátricos Hemato-Oncológicos
Authors: López Víquez Melissa , Camacho Badilla Kattia , Valverde Muñoz Kathia 
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: La neutropenia febril es una complicación frecuente en pacientes hemato-oncológicos al recibir quimioterapia, con una morbi-mortalidad importante. En América Latina son escasos los estudios validando parámetros clínicos y de laboratorio que puedan utilizarse para clasificar el riesgo de bacteriemia, asociado a neutropenia febril. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, observacional. Se incluyeron los pacientes hemato-oncológicos hospitalizados por presentar neutropenia febril secundaria a quimioterapia en el hospital pediátrico del 1ro de enero 2016 al 31 de julio 2017. Resultados: Se incluyeron 318 episodios de neutropenia febril secundario a quimioterapia presentándose en 170 pacientes con cáncer durante 19 meses del estudio. Los episodios se dieron predominantemente en pacientes con leucemia linfocítica aguda (67%); 77% de los episodios clasificándose como alto riesgo para bacteriemia después del análisis respectivo. En 2.2% de los casos se obtuvo identificación microbiológica en hemocultivos, prevaleciendo la infección por Gram negativos (62,5%). No hubo mortalidad asociada. La presencia de hipotensión (OR: 29.9), catéter venoso central (OR: 8.1) y conteo plaquetario ≤ 50.000/mm3 (OR: 5.0) al ingreso fueron parámetros que confirieron mayor riesgo de bacteriemia en nuestra población. Conclusión: Con estos resultados, se han validado parámetros clínicos y de laboratorio que pueden aplicarse en la población costarricense para clasificar el riesgo de bacteriemia en los pacientes con neutropenia y fiebre. Así, optimizar el abordaje, adecuar la terapia antimicrobiana empírica, reducir el riesgo de resistencia antimicrobiana y mejorar la calidad de atención de los pacientes con cáncer en aras de mejorar la sobrevida de esta población.
Ostomías de alto gasto en pacientes adultos
Authors: Segreda Castro Sofía , Segura Araya Cristine 
Published: March 2021

La ostomía de alto débito es una de las complicaciones que pueden presentar los pacientes portadores de patologías que requieran la construcción de un estoma. A través de los años, se ha visto un incremento en la necesidad de establecer no solo una definición clara sobre este concepto, sino también un consenso en cuanto a su manejo. Portar un estoma puede ser una condición temporal o permanente. Esta situación aumenta el riesgo de consecuencias negativas, ya sea a corto o a largo plazo y puede significar un aumento en los costos de servicios de salud al ser una patología de difícil manejo y que requiere constante monitoreo.
Discriminative sensing of temperature and acoustic impedance by using forward Brillouin scattering in large effective area fiber
Authors: Zhang Zelin , Lu Yuangang , Tanaka Yosuke , Peng Jianqin , Zhuang Zhikang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We experimentally clarified the characteristics of forward Brillouin scattering induced by radial acoustic modes (R
0,m
) in large effective area fiber. The measured resonance frequencies of R
0,m
modes were shown to have different sensitivities to acoustic impedance. Then we performed discriminative measurement of temperature and acoustic impedance by selecting a pair of different R
0,m
modes that would achieve the minimum measurement error, where we had successfully achieved small measurement uncertainties of 0.4 °C and 0.03 kg·s–1 · mm–2, respectively.
Blue semipolar InGaN microcavity light-emitting diode with varying cavity lengths from 113 to 290 nm
Authors: Back Joonho , Rienzi Vincent , Wong Matthew S. , Li Hongjian , DenBaars Steven P. , Weisbuch Claude , Nakamura Shuji 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Blue semipolar InGaN microcavity light-emitting diodes (MC-LEDs) with geometrical cavity lengths of 113, 205 and 290 nm were fabricated, demonstrating the feasibility of ultra-thin MC-LEDs. Precise positioning of the active layer in the cavity is shown to be possible. The peak external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of 113 nm cavity length MC-LEDs with quantum well (QW) positions at 46%, 60% and 75% of the cavity height counted from the top of the device were 0.6%, 2.5% and 0%, respectively. The 113 nm cavity MC-LED with the QW position of 75% should have the highest light extraction efficiency of 35% but showed no emission due to a high leakage current caused by the device fabrication process. The 290 nm cavity length MC-LED had the highest peak EQE of 6.7%. The peak wavelength was almost constant at 430 nm at a current density from 289 to 1868 A cm−2 under pulsed operation.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Dan Kemandirian Belajar Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis IPA Siswa Kelas V SDN Di Jakarta Timur
Authors: Rachamatika Tiara , M. Syarif Sumantri  , Agung Purwanto  , Jatu Wahyu Wicaksono  , Alrahmat Arif  , Vina Iasha  
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pengaruh model pembelajaran dan kemandirian belajar terhadap kemampuan berfikir kritis IPA siswa kelas V sekolah dasar di Jakarta Timur. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen semu (quasi experimental design) yang merupakan pengembangan dari metode eksperimen murni analisis varians (ANAVA) dengan desain treatment by level 2x2. Adapun teknik dalam pengumpulan data adalah dengan angket, tes, dan dokument. . Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Terjadi interaksi antara model pembelajaran dengan kemandirian belajar terhadap hasil kemampuan berpikir kritis mata pelajaran IPA. Hasil pengujian anava diperoleh nilai Fhitung = 5,63 dan nilai kritik Ftabel= 3,98 dengan dk (1,68) pada taraf á = 0,05. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa Fh = > Ft = sehingga terdapat interaksi antara penggunaan model pembelajaran dan kemandirian belajar dalam mempengaruhi hasil keterampilan berpikir kritis pada mata pelajaran IPA.