bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal association between handgrip strength and depressive symptoms in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: mediating role of functional limitation
Authors: Liu Yanchang , Cui Junling , Luo Xin , Wang Zhuzhu , Shen Ziyi , Fang Yan , Li Chengcheng , Hong Jingfang 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundThe relationship between handgrip strength (HGS) at baseline and subsequent depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older Chinese adults remains highly uncertain. This research endeavored to investigate the effect of functional limitation on the association between these two variables.MethodsA total of 5,684 participants aged ≥45 years from the China Longitudinal Study of Health and Retirement (CHARLS) were enrolled, using data from the 2015 and 2018 waves. Functional limitation was evaluated based on participants’ self-reported basic activities of daily living (BADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Logistic regression models were utilized to analyze the relationship between HGS and subsequent depressive symptoms, and bootstrap analysis was performed to explore the potential mediating role of functional limitation.ResultsAfter adjusting for confounders, an inverse correlation was detected between HGS and functional limitation (B = -0.885, p &lt; 0.001), a positive correlation was found between functional limitation and subsequent depressive symptoms (B = 1.054, p &lt; 0.001). The mediated effect size of HGS on depressive symptoms through functional limitation was a*b = −0.933 (BCa 95% CI: −1.224, −0.642). Functional limitation had a significant impact on 18.9% of the overall association.ConclusionAmong the Chinese middle-aged and senior population, functional limitation accounted for 18.9% of the connection between HGS and depressive symptoms. Interventions targeting the enhancement of muscle strength should be regarded as crucial elements for maintaining physical function and preventing depressive symptoms.
Comparison of myopia-related behaviors among Chinese school-aged children and associations with parental awareness of myopia control: a population-based, cross-sectional study
Authors: Ye Chaoying , Wang Yujie , Liu Yujia , Zhu Xingxue , Shang Jianmin , Qu Xiaomei 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundIn China, approximately 30 and 70% of primary and middle school students, respectively, have myopia, making myopia prevention and control necessary. Eye-use behaviors are closely related to myopia, highlighting the importance of determining the behavioral compliance rates of children. Parental awareness also affects children’s behaviors. Therefore, we assessed the myopia-related behaviors and parental awareness of school-aged children in different city tiers of China with different refractive statuses.MethodsA population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted on Chinese children from 110 cities aged 7–15 years. Samples were equally allocated to each subgroup of city tiers, children’s age groups, and children’s refractive statuses. Questionnaires were designed to investigate children’s behaviors, including responses to sitting position, time of eye use (single continuous near work time and breaks in between, total near work time after school each day), eye rest (break time and style during near work and outdoor time per week), light conditions in the learning environment at home, and parents’ knowledge about myopia prevention and control. Associations between parental awareness and children’s behaviors were analyzed using logistic regression.ResultsIn total, 896 questionnaires were collected. The prevalence of children’s poor behaviors related to myopia ranged from 23.44 to 84.82%, with the highest and lowest being sitting position and the use of eye-protecting lamps, respectively. Children in third-tier cities were more likely to have poor sitting position (p &lt; 0.01), a non-open view in front of a desk at home (p = 0.02), and more near activities during break times (p = 0.04). After adjustment for parental myopia condition and the child’s sex, poor parental awareness was mainly associated with not using an eye-protecting lamp (odds ratio [OR]: 1.95, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.40–2.72), poor break styles (OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.21–2.12), and excessive total near work time (OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.02–2.05).ConclusionMyopia-related behaviors were poorly performed in children, particularly among older children and those living in third-tier cities. Eye-protecting lamps, time spent doing near work, and break style were all associated with parental awareness, suggesting that better parental awareness helps children in the long run. More targeted measures could be adopted to help improve children’s behaviors.
Health literacy and chronic disease: a comparison of somatic and mental illness
Authors: Griese Lennert , Schaeffer Doris 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundHealth literacy (HL) is increasingly recognized as essential for preventing and managing chronic illness but also for strengthening health resources and skills. However, studies on HL of people with chronic illness that adopt a multidimensional approach encompassing the three HL domains health care, disease prevention, and health promotion, remain scarce. This study aims to (a) compare HL across these three domains in individuals with chronic somatic illness, chronic mental illness and those without any chronic illness, (b) to explore where difficulties in managing health-related information occur and how these differ between groups, and (c) to analyze the relationship between demographic, social, and psychological factors and HL.MethodsData from a quantitative cross-sectional survey in Germany were stratified according to respondents with at least one chronic somatic illness, at least one chronic mental illness and without chronic illness. The survey was conducted by means of paper-assisted personal interviews. HL was measured in three domains health care, disease prevention and health promotion. Age, educational level, social status, financial resources, number of chronic illnesses, social support, and self-efficacy were included in the analysis as potential determinants of HL. Differences between groups were analyzed using bivariate statistics; multiple linear regressions were calculated to examine relationships between potential determinants and HL.ResultsRespondents with chronic mental illness showed lowest HL, followed by those with chronic somatic illness. Respondents without chronic illness achieved highest HL. This pattern was consistent across all three HL domains. Among all groups, HL was lowest in the domain of health promotion. Notable differences emerged in perceived difficulties, with respondents with mental illnesses reporting the most significant challenges. Self-efficacy and education level showed a positive association with HL across all groups, while social support was positively associated with HL among individuals with chronic mental illness. For respondents with chronic somatic illness, age was negatively associated with HL, whereas social status showed a positive association. Female respondents without chronic illness and those with chronic somatic illness demonstrated higher HL compared to male respondents.ConclusionThis study advances the understanding of HL among individuals with chronic illness and highlights the need for a greater differentiation among disease groups and HL domains in future research. Particular attention should be paid to people with chronic mental illness, whose lower HL levels increase their vulnerability.
Efficacy of percutaneous cement discoplasty combined with PVP for the treatment of stage III Kümmell disease with an adjacent disc vacuum sign
Authors: Liu Liehua , Li Pei , Luo Lei , Zhao Chen , Zhang Huilin , Liu Deqiang , Zhou Qiang 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveTo observe the efficacy of percutaneous cement discoplasty (PCD) combined with PVP for the treatment of stage III Kümmell disease (KD).MethodsA total of 33 patients with stage III KD who underwent surgical treatment were divided into the PCD + PVP (PP) group (n = 20) and the internal fixation and fusion (IFF) group (n = 13). The observation indices included demographic characteristics, perioperative information, and clinical and imaging indicators, including the visual analog score (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI), Cobb angle, and height ratio of the injured vertebra and its adjacent intervertebral disc (Hv+d, RHv+d).ResultsThe operation time, blood loss, duration of bedrest, length of stay and cost of hospitalization were significantly lower in the PP group than in the IFF group (P &lt; 0.001). There were no significant differences in the VAS score or ODI between the two groups before the operation, after the operation or at the last follow-up (P &gt; 0.05). The RHv + d in the IFF group was significantly higher than that in the PP group after surgery and at the last follow-up (P &lt; 0.05). The Cobb angle in the IFF group was significantly smaller after the operation than before the operation (P = 0.007). The incidence of complications in the PP group was lower than that in the IFF group (P = 0.018).ConclusionsPCD combined with PVP for the treatment of stage III KD with an adjacent disc vacuum sign is effective and may be the next best thing to IFF, especially for elderly patients with complex underlying diseases and great surgical risks.
Drug resistance and genotyping studies of Salmonella Enteritidis isolated from broiler chickens in Iran
Authors: Piryaei Mohammad Reza , Peighambari Seyed Mostafa , Razmyar Jamshid 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionPoultry products are considered an important source of Salmonella infections. Transmission of non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica serovars to humans has been a great concern worldwide. Occurrence of multi-drug resistance, adding to the presence of various virulence factors, which facilitate the pathogenesis of Salmonella, would cause tremendous risk for both human and animals’ health.Methods and resultsDuring 2023, out of a total number of 1,274 samples from broilers in Iran, 114 isolates of Salmonella spp. (8.94%) were detected from which 97 isolates were confirmed as Salmonella Enteritidis (SE). Eight virulence genes including invA, sefA, sopE, spvC, hilA, agfA, sivH and lpfA, were detected among SE isolates and it was found that all isolates harbored these genes at the rate of 100% except for spvC, which was present in 96.90% of the SE isolates. In phenotypic evaluation of resistance against 16 antimicrobial agents, high resistance rates were observed against nalidixic acid, ampicillin, amoxicillin–clavulanate and ciprofloxacin. While resistance to tetracycline, streptomycin and chloramphenicol was found to be moderate, it was very low to azithromycin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, amikacin, gentamicin, ceftriaxone and cefotaxime. However, all isolates were sensitive to meropenem, ceftazidime and aztreonam. The mean of MAR index values was 0.26 and 72.15% of the isolates were found to be highly resistant. In detection of 14 resistance genes among SE isolates, five genes including blaTEM, tetA, tetB, sul1 and strA/B were found with prevalence rates of 63.92, 36.08, 61.85, 10.30 and 14.43%, respectively.DiscussionThe high prevalence rates of MDR in SE, along with the overwhelming presence of major virulence factors raise public health concerns. These data highlight the great potential risks of the presence and transmission of highly pathogenic MDR Salmonella to humans from chicken meat sources, as well as the need for more effective surveillance for antimicrobial use in the poultry industry. Reducing/optimizing the use of antimicrobials, improving poultry management procedures, using probiotics and biosecurity or vaccines are essential to deal with this issue.
Dynamics of SPAD Index, Leaf Pigment, and Macronutrient Relationships in Sugar Beet Leaves Under Spring Nitrogen Fertilization
Authors: Varga Ivana , Pospišil Milan , Iljkić Dario , Markulj Kulundžić Antonela , Tkalec Kojić Monika , Antunović Manda 
Published: February 2025

Nitrogen fertilization greatly affects the development of sugar beet leaf and photosynthetic activity. This study aimed to evaluate the dynamics of leaf SPAD index, chlorophyll a (Chl a), chlorophyll b (Chl b), carotenoids (Caro), and the macronutrient status (N, P, K, Na, Mg) in different N fertilization rates in sugar beet production. This study set up a two-year field experiment in Eastern Croatia. The N fertilization rate was applied as: N0—control, N1—only presowing fertilization (45 kg/ha), and N2—presowing with topdressing (99 kg/ha in 2014 and 85.5 kg/ha in 2015). In general, N fertilization has a significant (p ≤ 0.05) influence on leaf pigments, except for Chl b. With the highest N dose (N2), the Chl content in the leaves increased by 12% compared to the control treatment (0.75 mg/g FW). The Caro dynamics in the leaves of vegetative growth were significantly different (p ≤ 0.05); leaves in the younger growth stage at the end of May had the highest Caro content (0.011 mg/g FW). In general, the SPAD index was significantly different (p ≤ 0.05), among N fertilization, whereas the lowest SPAD was found at the control treatment (38.7) and the highest at the N2 treatment (40.8). In general, regarding nitrogen fertilization, the lowest SPAD readings had sugar beet leaves at the control treatment (38.7), whereas the highest was determined at the N2 treatment (40.8). A strong positive relationship (p ≤ 0.01) was determined for Chl a, Chl b, Chl a + b, and Chl a + b/Caro with the SPAD index, whereas an inverse relationship with the SPAD index was determined for Caro and Chl a/b. The results demonstrate that nitrogen application, particularly at higher rates, positively influences chlorophyll and carotenoid content, as well as overall plant health, which can inform agricultural practices for more sustainable and efficient sugar beet cultivation.
Effect of contact force on diode characteristics of Rh/epitaxial graphene/n-SiC
Authors: Nabemoto Asato , Ohno Yasuhide , NAGASE Masao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The contact force dependence of the electrical characteristics of metal/epitaxial graphene/n-SiC diodes was investigated using conductive contact-mode scanning probe microscopy (SPM) with a Rh-coated conductive nano probe. Graphene nano-islands formed by the thermal decomposition method were used. The measured electrical characteristics showed excellent rectification behavior. The on-off ratio improved with increasing contact force. The estimated Schottky barrier height decreased with increasing contact force. In the low contact force regime (< 100 nN), Fowler-Nordheim tunneling (FNT) phenomena were observed, as the carbon layers (graphene and buffer layer) acted as a tunneling barrier.
Recognition of optical patterns directly irradiated to a three-dimensional silver sulfide physical reservoir
Authors: Ohno Yuki , Tanaka Hirofumi , HASEGAWA Tsuyoshi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In recent years, physical reservoirs have garnered attention for their low power consumption and computational cost. Among them, three-dimensional materials have been shown to enhance performances in nonlinear transformation and short-term memorization compared to two-dimensional materials. While two-dimensional physical reservoirs have been used to demonstrate various applications, such studies using three-dimensional physical reservoirs remain limited. In this study, we demonstrated the ability to recognize optical patterns directly irradiated to a three-dimensional silver sulfide reservoir. The three-dimensionalization enabled simultaneous irradiation and recognition of optical patterns to different sides. In this task, we achieved over 80% accuracy on average for 16-pattern classification, demonstrating the potential application of three-dimensional physical reservoirs.
Specific composition of raspberry herbivorous pest in the Сentral Forest Steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Kava L. , Kucher L. , Sikalo O. , Kucher T. 
Published: February 2025

Goal. To study the species composition of herbivorous pests and to determine the dominant species on raspberry.
Methods. The research was conducted in the Forest Steppe of Ukraine during 2023—2024 years. Clarification of the species composition of herbivorous pests was carried out according to generally accepted methods. Insects were identified using markers. To study the species composition of raspberry herbivorous pests research methods generally accepted in entomology were used: mowing with an entomological net, visual inspection of plants, soil samples.
Results. The insects that were discovered during the research belong to 5 orders (Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera). Oder Coleoptera, which included 6 species from 4 families, was characterized by the greatest species diversity. The analysis of the species composition of raspberry herbivorous pests based on feeding relationships showed that this culture is dominated by polyphages — 9 species, but the main damage is caused by 2 types of oligophages.
Conclusions. According to the results of the monitoring of the entomocomplex of raspberry in the Central Forest Steppe of Ukraine, 14 species of pests from 5 oders were found. Analysis of their species composition shows that representatives of the order Coleoptera dominated — 43%. It has been established that the most dangerous pests that cause significant damage in the Forest Steppe are a complex of pests of generative organs: the raspberry beetle (Byturus tomentosus F.) and the raspberry strawberry weevil (Anthonomus rubi Hrbs.).
Monitoring of the phytosanitary state of grape plantations in the south of Ukraine in 2022—2024
Authors: Klechkovskyi Yu. , Mohyliuk N. , Shmatkovska K. , Tsurkan R. 
Published: February 2025

Goal. The protection of vineyards is based on monitoring, which provides early detection, assessment of the degree of infection and forecasting of future populations of pests, which increases the chances of avoiding economic losses from them. Phytosanitary monitoring in regulating the intensity of development and spread of phytopathogenic organisms is of undoubted economic and environmental importance.
Methods of the work was to study the peculiarities of the spread and development of harmful objects and weeds in the vineyards of the South of Ukraine. The main research methods were: field — to determine the distribution, development and harmfulness of the main harmful objects of vineyards and weeds; laboratory — to study pathogens of grape diseases; visual and mathematical-statistical. The objects of monitoring were grape plantations of different planting dates and varietal assortment.
Results. Field surveys in 2022—2024 revealed the spread and development of Plasmopara viticola Berl. et Toni and Uncinula necator Berk. on grape plantations in the South of Ukraine. It was found that the most favorable for Plasmopara viticola Berl. et Toni was the vegetation period of 2024, when a high degree of disease development was observed on the inflorescences and the spread in untreated areas was almost 80%, with the development of the disease 20%. It was determined that during the years of research the conditions were favorable for the manifestation of Uncinula necator Berk., the highest percentage of distribution was observed at the end of the growing season on the clusters and reached 60%, with 30% development. Pheromone monitoring conducted during the study period revealed the dynamics of Lobesia botrana Schiff. population development, the timing and duration of all stages of the pest. Observations showed a different number of males of the first generation of the butterfly per trap. The largest number of males, compared to 2023—2024, was recorded in 2022. It was found that a mixed type of weediness is observed in vineyards, namely, root and rhizome perennials, which are the most widespread and harmful weed species.
Conclusions. The results of the research conducted in 2022—2024, taking into account the phytosanitary condition of vineyards in the following years, provide the basis for the development of a system of protective measures for further implementation in the technology of grape growing.
Expansion of the range of the adventive species Metcalfa pruinosa Say (citrus cicada) in Ukraine
Authors: Klechkovskyi Yu. , Titova L. , Bondareva L. 
Published: February 2025

Goal. Determination of the possibility of further spreading of the adventitious insect species Metcalfa pruinosa (Say) in Ukraine using modern computer programs: AgroAtlas, MapInfo Pro15.0 (ESTIMap®) та IDRISI SELVA (Clarklabs®).
Methods. Computer programs AgroAtlas, MapInfo Pro15.0 (ESTIMap®) and IDRISI SELVA (Clarklabs®), which allow for automated creation of predictive maps of the spread of adventitious organisms.
Results. According to our modeling, it was found that climatic conditions throughout Ukraine meet the species’ habitat requirements in terms of a number of indicators: the sum of active temperatures, long-term average annual temperature, long-term average annual temperatures of the coldest (January) and warmest (July) months, and average annual precipitation. The model analysis shows that the potential range of M. pruinosa can be the entire territory of Ukraine, due to the presence of a large range of host plants and the compliance of climatic conditions with the requirements of the species.
Conclusions. The citrus cicada is well adapted and reproduces on various wild and ornamental plants that serve as reserves for it. Existing phytosanitary measures cannot reliably prevent the risk of M. pruinosa spreading in Ukraine. It is necessary to develop a pest control system to prevent further spread and reduce the damage caused by the pest. The inclusion of M. pruinosa in the list of regulated non-quarantine organisms of the List of Regulated Pests of Ukraine may be an effective risk management measure.