bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Clinical Value of Lipid Abnormalities in Cervical Cancer
Authors: Li Anyang , Wang Luhui , Jin Mengya , Shou Yueyao , Zhu Haiyan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: To describe the characteristic of plasma lipid prolife among cervical cancer and further evaluate the prognostic significance of lipid levels in cervical cancer. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 1,713 patients with cervical cancer in our hospital. Preoperative plasma lipid profile, including cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), of 1,713 cervical cancer patients were compared with 10,397 healthy women. Then, we evaluated the impact of lipids on overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) in cervical cancer using univariate and multivariate Cox model. Results: While plasma TC, TG and LDL were significantly higher, HDL was lower in patients with cervical cancer as compared with healthy women. TG was identified as independent predictors for RFS, and OS among patients with cervical cancer. Further stratified by age, patients with higher TG showed a significantly worse RFS and OS compared with those with lower TG among patients ≥50 years old, but not among <50 years old. Conclusion: Cervical cancer was associated with a disordered lipid profile. Hypertriglyceridemia was an independent poor prognostic indicator for cervical cancer, especially for elder patients. Strengthening lipid management may be beneficial for improving postoperative OS and RFS in patients with cervical cancer.
Pressure Change Of Fixed Rotational Deformities In The Femur In Human Cadaver Knees-A Biomechanical Study
Authors: Peizhi Yuwen , Lv Hongzhi , Zhu Yanbin , Chang Wenli , Wei Ning , Guo Jialiang , Wang Haicheng , Ding Kai , Chen Wei , Zhang Yingze 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Closed intramedullary interlocking nailing is a standard treatment for femoral shaft fractures, but incidences of rotational malalignment after operation is really high. Poor reduction and postoperative malunion lead to many clinical symptoms and long term degenerative arthritis. It has been proved that uneven stress is the mechanical cause of knee joint degeneration, but few studies pay attention to the effect of femur rotational deformity on knee joint contact pressure.This study aim to quantitatively evaluate the relation between residual rotational deformity in femur and contact pressure of knee joint. Methods: Fourteen cadaveric Lower limbs were selected and autopsied, rotatory fixation model with different angles were then made. Connect each model on the biomechanical machine and apply a vertical load to 400N. The contact pressure was quantitatively measured using ultra-low-pressure sensitive film technology. FPD-305E density meter and FPD-306E pressure converter were used to read relative pressure values. Contact pressure on medial and lateral tibial plateau in different femoral rotational deformities were compared. Analysis were done using SPSS software.Results: The medial group show a significant difference on tibial plateau (F=92.114, P<0.01), further test showed statistically significant differences of pairwise comparisons between 0°, 5°, 10°, 15° internal rotation deformity (P<0.05). There is no significant difference in lateral group (ꭓ2=9.967, P<0.01). The medial contact pressure is 0.940±0.177 MPa and the lateral is 1.008±0.219 MPa at neutral position, no statistically significant was found, so is 5° of internal rotational deformity. But the medial contact pressure are all higher than the lateral side at 5°, 10°, 15° of external rotation, and 10°, 15° of internal rotation. Conclusion: Obvious contact pressure changes on tibial plateau were observed in rotatory deformity femur, which is closely related to the occurrence of knee osteoarthritis. Doctors should detect rotational deformity as much as possible during operation and perform anatomical reduction, for patients with residual rotational deformities, indication of osteotomy should not be too broad.
CLAMPs allow single cell tracking of KRASG12C inhibition and endow druggability to KRAS mutants
Authors: Evangelista Marie , Davies Chris , Oh Angela , Mroue Rana , Mulvihil Melinda , Xiao Yang , Feng Siyu , Jayakar Sangeeta , Chan Emily , Arumugam Vidhyalakshmi , Lu Cheng , Franke Yvonne , Merchant Mark , Koeppen Hartmut , Quinn John , Malhotra Sushant , Purkey Hans , Rudolph Joachim , Koerber James , Wang Weiru 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The discovery of covalent inhibitors binding the switch II (SWII) pocket has enabled therapeutic intervention in KRASG12C driven tumors and represents a milestone in targeting KRAS-driven cancers. However, the transient nature and high energetic barrier required for binding this pocket has been an obstacle in successfully targeting other KRAS mutant oncoproteins. We report the discovery of KRAS Conformation Locking Antibodies for Molecular Probe discovery (CLAMP)s that specifically recognize the unique conformation of KRASG12C induced by covalent inhibitors. KRAS CLAMPs enable single cell resolution of covalent inhibitor-bound KRASG12C in cells and in vivo tumor models, providing a biomarker for direct target engagement of KRASG12C inhibition. KRAS CLAMPs bind multiple KRAS mutants and stabilize an open conformation of the SWII pocket increasing the affinity of weak non-covalent SWII pocket ligands. This work provides new insights into KRASG12C upon treatment with covalent inhibitors and offers a path towards targeting the SWII pocket in other RAS mutants.
Analysis of light emission and schlieren from short gap high voltage streamer impulses representing lightning
Authors: Mitchard Daniel , Widger Phillip , Haddad A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Light emissions and schlieren structures were simultaneously observed from streamers produced by tens of kilovolts 1.2/50 μs impulses, representing the high voltage component of lightning, applied across a 4 cm air gap between a variety of electrode geometries and a ground plane in an unconfined environment. The results demonstrated that the light emissions and Schlieren structures coincide along the same streamer filaments but on different timescales; the light existing only during the microsecond timeframe impulse whereas the Schlieren continued to develop into the millisecond timeframe, moving towards the centre of the air gap whilst diffusing into the surrounding air within 100 ms. If an electrical breakdown did occur, the Schlieren structures outside the arc remained visible. Streamer formation theory for high voltage impulses is subsequently refined to include the observed Schlieren mechanism.
Electronically Steered MIMO Patch Antenna with Conformal Feeding for 5 G Applications
Authors: gupta monish 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Multiple input multiple output antenna is the key technology which enables the design of 5 G networks. In order to achieve desired beam forming and side lobe reduction capabilities, antennas used in MIMO technology are required to feed with signals having different phase and amplitude. It is possible to achieve variable phase shift and variable attenuation using phase shifter and amplitude limiters. However when these devices are used between source and antenna, they makes the system non planner and non-conformal. This research presents a 16 element, multiple user MIMO Patch antenna with conformal and planner power divider network to achieve electronically steered beam along with desired side lobe level reduction. Wilkinson power divider is used to achieve conformal and planner power divider for MIMO antenna. Desired beam forming capabilities are achieved by controlling the phase of input signal to antennas by controlling the length of microstripline and desired side lobe reduction capabilities are achieved by controlling the amplitude of input signal to antenna by controlling the width of microstrip line used in Wilkinson power divider. This provides an overall planner and conformal structure. In this research same antenna is used is generate two major beams by controlling the phase and amplitude of input signal. The achieved radiation pattern of designed antenna consists of one major beams having gain of 18 dB and located at theta equal to 100 and Phi equal to 1800. When phase of input signal to antennas are changed a major beam having gain of 18 dB and located at theta equal to 100 and Phi equal to 2700 is obtained. The side lobe level less than 13 dB of main beam is achieved using designed antenna. The designed structure is simulated and analyzed using HFSS. Simulated results for the designed MIMO antenna are verified by analyzing the fabricating structure using vector network analyzer and horn antenna.
A novel method for maintaining the stability of freshly cultured Mesenchymal Stem Cells in clinical grade injection ready state without cryopreservation
Authors: Bonab Mandana Mohyeddin , Talebian Fatemeh , Borzabadi Aida , Nasr Vahideh , Kooshlshahi Azam Abedi , Anisie Fahime , Haghshenas Ronaz , Shalbafan Bita , Janzamin Ehsan , Shahbeigi Saeed 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells with low immuonogenecity, and dynamic tissue repair potential, which explains the overwhelming attention they have attracted in regenerative therapy. One notable challenge in MSCs therapy is bench to bed timeline of freshly cultured MSCs; it does not exceed 24 hours. For use after 24 hours, MSC need to be cryopreserved, a process that preserves the cells for years, but is costly and damaging. Here we introduce a method to extend the bench to bed lifetime of MSCs up to 4 days without the high cost and cell damaging effects of cryopreservation. Our method uses human plasma as medium.
Methods

MSCs of 12 tissue samples − 4 adipose, 4 bone marrow and 4 Wharton's jelly- were cultured and expanded under standard conditions. After the cell harvest, each sample was suspended in human plasma. Cell suspensions were refrigerated (5 ± 3° C) or stored at room temperature (22 ± 3°C). During the next 7 days, two tubes (one from each group) were examined every 24 hours to assess MSCs viability and growth potential. On day 3, we assessed MSC 1) differentiation potential to adipocyte and osteocyte tissues 2) surface markers. Results were analyzed by computing the overall mean and applying the independent-samples t-test to those means.
Results

The sample means for both cell expansion and cell viability were compared between the two “fridge” and “room temperature” groups. Although there was a gradual decrease in cell growth potential between the cells stored for 1 day to those stored for 7 days, we show more than 80% of the cells remain alive for up to 4 days of storage in both groups. The cells reached 80% confluency in under 20 days for all samples stored up to 4 days. No significant differences were observed between the two groups (room temperature and fridge stored). The differentiation potential to adipocyte and osteocyte tested on day 3 were positive in all samples. The analysis of cell surface markers tested on day 3 were positive for CD90, CD105, CD73 and negative for CD34, CD45 and HLA-DR.
Conclusion

We present a method of MSC culture medium using human plasma that can preserve their viability and growth potential for up to 4 days in both room and refrigerator temperatures without losing their stemness characteristics (we recommend use of 5 ± 3°C). This novel method will allow rapid expansion and therapeutic use of MSCs. Since the cells can be maintained in clinical grade, injection ready state for several days, they can be transported across the globe.
Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation for a PhotoVoltaic Based Single Stage Inverter
Authors: Santhoshi Bolisetti Kavya , Mohanasundaram Kuppusamy , Kaliappan Vishnu Kumar , Sathyamurthy Ravishankar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The work proposed in this paper focuses on providing an effective solution to shortage of power in rural areas with an effective technique implemented in an economically feasible way. The traditional Inverters used for either residential or commercial purposes consume electrical energy from the grid to fulfill the charging and discharging of the battery, which may lead to overloading. The shortcomings of the traditional inverters such as Non-Renewable nature of power sources, increased cost of manufacturing, and multi-stage conversion complexity, are considered by the researchers for improvement. As a result, an attempt has been made to provide a cost effective renewable energy system with single stage topology for AC power applications. Single stage power conversion with allowed shoot through state is used here to avoid additional components and reduce the switching losses. Unlike the traditional inverters, the Quasi Impedance Source Inverter that is brought forward can be utilized as a Standalone system or a capable backup at the time of power outages. Sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) is applied to attain reduced harmonics which are measured by observing the harmonic pattern in Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) curve. The lab results obtained through MATLAB simulation confirm the noteworthy diminution of THD level in the proposed system compared to the reported one. Usage of Photovoltaic (PV) Panel to tap energy with reduced stochastic fluctuations due to high filtering capacity of the proposed circuit, eliminating the need of additional filters, is the uniqueness of this technique.
Analytical Analysis for Optimizing Mass Ratio of Nonlinear Tuned Mass Dampers
Authors: Zhang Tianjiao , Li Luyu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
To reduce the adverse vibrations of buildings, tuned mass dampers (TMDs), which are the most representative passive control devices, have been widely used and studied in aerospace, machinery, civil engineering, and other fields for many years. Most scholars used to treat the TMD as a linear damper, but they show some nonlinear characteristics owing to the use of limit devices and large displacements. It is necessary to consider the nonlinear coefficient of the TMD when designing its parameters. In this study, the mass ratio of the TMD was optimized with considering the nonlinear coefficient of the TMD. The complex variable average method and multiscale method were used for analysis. A mass ratio interval was found on the “ε- N2” curve in which modulation response can occur, and then an analytical method for obtaining the optimal mass ratio of TMD was derived based on this phenomenon. The numerical results showed that taking the midpoint of this mass ratio interval as the optimal mass ratio can yield a better damping effect and robustness than using the traditional linear design method.
International Trade, CO2 Emissions and Re-examination of “Pollution Haven Hypothesis” in China
Authors: Wu Ran , Ma Tao , Chen Dongxu , Zhang Wenxi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We use input–output analysis and Levinson’s structural decomposition method to measure China’s CO2 emissions under the no-trade hypothesis, to calculate how international trade affects China’s emissions. We also analyze the driving factors of the difference between hypothetical no-trade CO2 emissions and actual emissions and discuss the existence of “pollution haven hypothesis” (PHH) in China. The results show that (1) from 2000 to 2017, the hypothetical no-trade CO2 emissions are 2.43–14.67% lower than actual emissions. The scale effect is the main cause of this difference, while the composition effect fluctuates and has little impact. (2) Although exports make other economies’ CO2 emissions transfer to China, imports also help avoid China’s emissions from some carbon-intensive sectors. (3) International trade has little impact on the cleanliness of China’s industry composition. The no-trade industry composition is slightly cleaner than the actual one before 2010, after which trade improves the cleanliness of industry composition to a small extent. PHH is invalid for China in recent years, and results for most developing countries do not support PHH. (4) The relationship between no-trade effects and income per capita for all the economies does not also support PHH. Most economies reduce emissions, and their industry compositions are cleaner because of trade, regardless of their development degree.
Enhancing the prediction of COVID-19 evolution by combining models and data sources
Authors: García-Cremades Santi , Morales-García Juan , Hernández-Sanjaime Rocío , Martínez-España Raquel , Bueno-Crespo Andrés , Hernández-Orallo Enrique , López-Espín José Juan , Cecilia Jose M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We are witnessing the dramatic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic which, unfortunately, go beyond the impact on the health system. Until herd immunity is achieved with vaccines, the only available mechanisms for controlling the pandemic are quarantines, perimeter closures and social distancing with the aim of reducing mobility. Governments only apply these measures for a reduced period of time, since they involve the closure of economic activities such as tourism, cultural activities or nightlife. The main criterion for establishing these measures and planning socioeconomic subsidies is the evolution of infections. Early warning systems in all countries monitor the COVID-19 pandemic evolution. However, the collapse of the health system and the unpredictability of human behaviour, among others, make it difficult to predict this evolution in the short to medium term. This article evaluates different models for the early prediction of the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic to create a decision support system for policy-makers. We consider a wide branch of models including artificial neural networks such as LSTM and GRU and statistically-based models such as autoregressive (AR) or ARIMA. Moreover, several consensus strategies to ensemble all models into one system are proposed to obtain better results in this uncertain environment. Our results reveal that the ensemble of different models improves the overall accuracy of the prediction, reaching up to 0.93 $R^2$, 4.16 RMSE and 3.55 MAE when there are not trend changes in the time-series. Mobility data provided by Google mobility data is also considered as exogenous information for our ensemble model to forecast trend changes, providing a good framework for a complete inference.
Application of CO2-water-rock reaction transport simulation in NPs-CO2 flooding and storage
Authors: Feng Fuping , Han Xu , Liu Shengyuan , Jing Dong , Wang Yanxin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
As a hot issue in geological engineering, CO2 flooding and sequestration still face many challenges. Injection of nanoparticles into CO2 can improve the injectability and effective reserves of CO2. However, the migration law of the mixed fluid of CO2 and nanoparticles (NPs-CO2) in the reservoir under the condition of chemical reaction is still unclear. Based on chemical reaction kinetics, a mass transfer model of NPs-CO2 nanofluid in reservoir is established by combining the micro-pore structure change of porous media under CO2-water-rock reactions condition and the migration law of NPs-CO2 fluid. The geochemical reaction process between CO2 and reservoir and the influence of heterogeneity caused by rock microstructure on the miscibility and migration of NPs-CO2 brine fluid are simulated. The results show that the CO2-water-rock reaction increases the heterogeneity of reservoir, and the porosity and permeability are rising as a whole; the increase of reservoir heterogeneity caused by chemical reaction can makes the migration of NPs-CO2 selective. The local accumulation of NPs-CO2 in the unconnected pores will weaken the original oil displacement efficiency to some extent; in the process of CO2 sequestration, the density difference between NPs-CO2 and formation water can not only promote the miscibility of NPs-CO2-brine fluid, but also inhibit the acid fluid under buoyancy. The upward diffusion is moved to the cover layer to prevent the chemical reaction of the rocks in the cap layer, so as ensuring the permanent storage of greenhouse gases.
Bio-based films/nanopapers of banana tree pseudostem: From lignocellulosic wastes to added-value micro/nanomaterials
Authors: Guimarães Barbara Maria Ribeiro , Scatolino Mário Vanoli , Martins Maria Alice , Ferreira Saulo Rocha , Mendes Lourival Marin , Lima José Tarcísio , Junior Mario Guimarães , Tonoli Gustavo Henrique Denzin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The growing demand for products with lower environmental impact and the extensive applicability of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) have received attention in several fields of knowledge due to their attractive properties. In this study, bio-based films/nanopapers were produced with CNFs from banana tree pseudostem (BTPT) wastes and Eucalyptus kraft cellulose (EKC) and were evaluated by their properties, such as mechanical strength, biodegradability and light transmittance. The CNFs were produced by mechanical fibrillation (after 20 and 40 passages) from suspensions of BTPT (alkaline pre-treated) and EKC. Films/nanopapers were produced by casting from both suspensions with concentrations of 2% (based in dry mass of CNF). The BTPT films/nanopapers showed greater mechanical properties, with Young’s modulus and tensile strength around 2.42 GPa and 51 MPa (after 40 passages), respectively. On the other hand, the EKC samples showed lower disintegration in water after 24 h and biodegradability. The increase in the number of fibrillation cycles produced more transparent films/nanopapers and caused a significant reduction of water absorption for both raw materials. The permeability was similar for the films/nanopapers from BTPT and EKC. This study indicated that attractive mechanical properties and biodegradability could be achieved by bio-based nanomaterials, with potential for being applied as emulsifying agents and special membranes, enabling more efficient utilization of agricultural wastes.
Investigation of the Relationships Between Sleep Behaviors and Risk of Health Lifespan Termination: A Prospective Cohort Study Based on 323,373 UK-Biobank Participants
Authors: Sambou Muhammed Lamin , Zhao Xiaoyu , Hong Tongtong , Sambou Alima , FADOUA EL HAFA , Naveed Muhammad , Basnet Til Bahadur , Dia Juncheng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objectives: To examine the associations between insomnia, napping, daytime sleepiness, and getting up from bed with the risk of health lifespan termination using a prospective cohort design based on the UK-Biobank (UKB) database. Methods: Our study population consisted of 323,373 UKB participants enrolled in the UKB study from 2006 to 2010 and followed up to 2016. The outcome variable was health lifespan that was characterized by eight events strongly associated with ageing. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for risk of terminated health lifespan were computed in Cox proportional hazards models. Furthermore, we collapsed each of the four sleep behavior factors into binary categories (high vs. low-risk groups) to explore the Population Attributable Risk percentages (PAR%).Results: Participants in the high-risk subgroups of the four sleep behaviors had a significantly higher risk of terminated health lifespan; that is, 'usually insomnia' (HR=1.05, 95% CI: 1.03-1.07; P<0.001), 'usually napping' (HR=1.22, 95% CI: 1.18-1.26; P<0.01), 'excessive daytime sleepiness' (HR=1.25, 95% CI: 1.19-1.32; P<0.001), and 'difficult getting up from bed' (HR=1.08, 95% CI: 1.05-1.10; P<0.001). The corresponding PAR% indicated that about 7% of the terminated health lifespan events in this cohort would have been eliminated if all people were in the low-risk sleep groups.Conclusion: We observed that frequent insomnia, napping, daytime sleepiness, and 'difficult getting up from bed' are associated with increased risk of terminated health lifespan. Therefore adherence to healthy sleep behavior is significant for healthy lifespan.