bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical significance of expression of the marker of adaptation to hypoxia HIF-1α in pregnant women with initial forms of venous disease
Authors: Iupatov E. Iu. , Maltseva L. I. , Zefirova T. P. , Zamaleeva R. S. , Ignatiev I. M. , Kravtsova O. A. 
Published: March 2021

Aim: to study the activity of the HIF-1á (hypoxia-inducible factor-1á) hypoxia marker in pregnant women with phlebopathy and its relationship with placenta morphological changes and perinatal complications.Materials and Methods. 70 women with phlebopathy were dynamically examined during pregnancy. The main group consisted of 30 patients with newborns showing signs of hypoxia; the control group consisted of 40 women with healthy children. All women underwent ultrasound examinations of the lower extremity veins and pelvis by assessing vascular patency, state of venous valves, and intensity of platelet sludge. Expression of the HIF-1á transcription factor at gestational age of 18–20 and 36 weeks was performed by using real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results. Altered functional state of the veins was found in all pregnant women from the main group, which was accompanied by formation of varying degree platelet sludge in the area of the venous valves in the majority of women, as well as signs of endothelial dysfunction and venous hypoxia highlighted with HIF1-á gene expression upregulated by 2.18-fold. No changes in such parameters were observed in control group.Conclusion. The transcription factor HIF1-á can be considered as a marker of unfavorable perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with signs of phlebopathy.
A Probabilistic Framework to Model Distributions of VS30
Authors: Mital Utkarsh , Ahdi Sean , Herrick Julie , Iwahashi Junko , Savvaidis Alexandros , Yong Alan 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
The time-averaged shear-wave velocity in the upper 30 m depth from the ground surface, or VS30, is often used as a predictor to describe local site effects in ground-motion models. Although VS30 is typically determined from in situ measurements, it is not always feasible to obtain such measurements due to project restrictions or site accessibility. This motivates the development and use of proxy-based VS30 predictions that leverage more readily available secondary information such as surface geology, topographic slope, or geomorphic terrain classes to estimate the mean VS30 and associated uncertainty. Traditionally, empirical distributions of VS30 have been observed to have long right tails, leading to high levels of associated uncertainty. In this study, we present a physical framework that is grounded in fundamental principles of geostatistics and probability to explain the uncertainty and skewness associated with VS30 measurements. Specifically, by invoking Lyapunov’s central limit theorem, we hypothesize that the distribution of VS30 can be theoretically approximated by a reciprocal–normal distribution. We show that a non-normal and skewed distribution of VS30 is to be expected and is not a sign of measurement error or sampling bias, although sampling bias can exaggerate such skewness. Our framework also enables us to propose the mode as a characteristic value of VS30 measurements, as opposed to the mean or median, which can overestimate the most probable value.
POLICE UNDERSTANDINGS OF AND RESPONSES TO A COMPLEX VIGNETTE OF “HONOUR”-BASED CRIME AND FORCED MARRIAGE
Authors: Aujla Wendy 
Published: March 2021

Police understandings of honour-based crimes (HBCs) and forced marriages (FMs) vary in terms of an individual officer’s level of expertise, knowledge, and experience in handling such situations. This study applied constructivist grounded theory approaches to analyze individual interviews with 32 police officers and 14 civilians in police agencies operating in urban and rural settings in Alberta, Canada. Specifically, this paper seeks to answer how police officers and civilians who work in police agencies experience, make sense of, and understand HBCs. Participants received a hypothetical vignette about a young woman who had reached out to the police. The vignette illustrated various forms of abuse by the woman’s father, the involvement of other actors (mother, brother, family friend) and the culmination in an FM. After reading the vignette, participants were asked to respond to six questions. Analysis revealed that both police and civilians recognized the need in the vignette scenario for intervention, while experiencing uncertainty about how to respond. The findings showed that not everyone in policing would be able to identify reliably the need for police intervention, and that investigations could proceed differently depending on the investigator’s level of knowledge and awareness of HBCs and FMs. Police have achieved some successful interventions, but still lack sufficient guidance on how torespond to these crimes. Clear, appropriate policies regarding which cases need to be directed to specialized domestic violence units for follow-up are needed. A significant finding points to the importance of considering cultural sensitivity discourses as well as the impact of cultural and racist stereotypes when responding to situations like the one outlined in the vignette.
A Survey of the Regulatory Requirements for the Waiver of In Vivo Bioequivalence Studies of Generic Products in Certain Dosage Forms by Participating Regulators and Organisations of the International Pharmaceutical Regulators Programme
Authors: Garcia Arieta Alfredo , Simon Craig , Tam Andrew , Mendes Lima Santos Gustavo , Freitas Fernandes Eduardo Agostinho , Rodríguez Martínez Zulema , Rodrigues Clare , Park Sang Aeh , Kim JaYoung , Kim Kwansoo , Kuribayashi Ryosuke , Myoenzono Aya , Shimojo Kohei , Walther Chantal , Roost Matthias S. , Hung Wen-Yi , Hsu Li-feng , Crane Christopher , Braddy April C. , Van Oudtshoorn Joy , Gutierrez Triana Diego Alejandro , Guzmán Aurela Erwin , Jones Ben , Potthast Henrike , Abalos Ivana 
Published: March 2021

The requirements to waive in vivo bioequivalence studies for immediate release solid oral dosage forms based on the Biopharmaceutics Classifications System (BCS) are well known, and biowaivers[1] for other types of oral dosage forms based on pre-defined criteria may also be acceptable. Similarly, biowaivers for dosage forms such as injectable products may also be allowed if certain criteria are met. The current paper summarises the biowaiver requirements for oral solutions and suspensions, soft gelatin capsules and injectable products (intravenous injections, subcutaneous and intramuscular injections, emulsions for injection and micellar solutions for injection) among the participants of the Bioequivalence Working Group for Generics (BEWGG) of the International Pharmaceutical Regulators Programme (IPRP). A review of the requirements indicated that there was a trend towards convergence when the dosage form became less complex; however, the most common approach used by each of the jurisdictions was a case-by-case approach given that most jurisdictions do not have well defined guidelines to support all possible scenarios. Even in the simplest case of intravenous solutions, the acceptability of qualitative changes in excipients differ between the IPRP members. Notwithstanding the differences, the dissemination of the information is a first step towards regulatory convergence regarding biowaivers for certain dosage forms and should be useful for pharmaceutical companies currently developing generic medicinal products for IPRP jurisdictions.
Water-pipe as a Risk Factor for Genital Warts? A Case Report
Authors: Ghaemdoust Faezeh , Nahvijou Azin , Farzaneh Farah 
Published: March 2021

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the world. HPV infection can cause some types of cancer including female genital cancers (cervical cancer, vulvar) and male genital cancer as well as oropharyngeal cancers and genital warts. Cigarette smoking is a risk factor of cervical cancer or genital warts.
Case presentation: This case report present a young woman who developed extensive genital warts a year after starting water-pipe smoking. These genital warts healed spontaneously after cessation of water-pipe smoking.
Conclusion: The primary hypothesis that could be propounded, is that water-pipe smoke plays a role as an independent risk factor in developing genital warts, similar to cigarette smoke. In addition, water pipe smking may transmit different infections, including HPV infection through sharing the mouth tips of the water pipe between the users.
Effect of Eight Weeks of Core Stability Exercises on Dynamic Balance, Function, and Strength in Athletes after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Saki Farzaneh , Anbariyan Mehrdad , Shafiei Hossein , Bakhtiari Shima 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: The core muscles of trunk are activated before movements of upper and lower limbs. Current evidence suggests that lose of stability in core region predisposes to second injury and appropriate exercise may reduce the risk of reinjury. This aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks core stability exercises on dynamic balance, function and strength in athletes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial. 26 athletes with a history of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were purposefully selected and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group performed core stability exercises for eight weeks and the control group performed their daily exercises. Dynamic balance, isometric strength and function were meaured using Y balance test, hand held dynamometer and hop tests. Data were analyzed using SPSS vrsion16 software. Independent t-test was used to compare demographic characteristics and Mixed Repeated Measures ANOVA was used to compare the means of the two groups (p≤.05).
Results: The results of the present study showed significant improvement in dynamic balance (F=143.92, P=0.000), single-leg hop (F=68.25, P=0.000), triple hop (F=14.02, P= 0.001), knee flexor strength (F=50.21, P=0.000) and knee extensor strength (F=54.72, P=0.000) in the experimental group after eight weeks of core stability exercises.
Conclusion: Based on the results of present study, it is suggested to the specialists and trainers involed in the rehabilitation of athletes to use comprehensive and useful core stabilization exercises in the rehabilitation stages of knee injuries.
Effect of Single Session of High Intensity Interval Exercise on Some Immune and Inflammatory Factors in Male Athletes and the Risk of Infection to Coronavirus
Authors: Kashef Alireza , Zare Karizak Sara , Sadeghi Nikoo Alireza , Kashef Majid 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: High Intensity exercise is one of the effective factors on immune and inflammatory factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the single session of high intensity interval exercise (CrossFit) on levels of leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, lactic acid and C- reactive protein (CRP) of male athletes to make decision for doing this exercise in coronavirus prevalence period.
Methods: In this Causal-comparative study, 32 male athletes were selected as participants (with mean of age 26.9±4.7 year, height 177 ± 5 cm, weight 80.7±6.4 kg). Exercise session included a 400-meter running on treadmill, triple dead lift movement, pull-up (30 repetition), swing of kettlebell (30 kg) and throwing of 20 sand balls. Blood sampling, CBC and biochemistry auto analyzer tests were used for measuring leukocytes, lactic acid and CRP. In addition, ANOVA with repeated measure, Friedman, Wil-kaksun and Bonferroni post hoc tests were used to examine the differences between variables in resting position, post-exercise, and after modify the results by consideration of plasma volume changes using SPSS version 16 software.
Results: The results showed significant increase in lactic acid (P<0.001), CRP (P=0.006), leukocytes (P<0.001) and lymphocytes (P=0.001), but the increase of monocytes was no significant (P=0.705). In addition, the results of study showed significant decrease in neutrophils (P=0.005) and plasma volume (P<0.001). Furthermore, the significant results of some indices were removed by consideration of plasma volume change (P>0.05).
Conclusion: The single session of high intensity interval exercise makes disorder in immune and inflammation responses in athletes. Therefore, it has been suggested not to do intensive exercise at coronavirus prevalence period and consider enough time for recovery after high intensity exercise.
Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of Meniere’s disease: vague future or tangible reality?
Authors: Stepanova E. A. 
Published: March 2021

Meniere's disease is characterized by vertigo, inconsistent hearing loss and progressive deterioration of audiological and vestibular functions. The attacks of Meniere's disease occur without obvious triggers and disrupt social adaptation of patients. Radiation diagnostic methods have not been included into the list of diagnostic criteria by the European Consensus on Diagnosis and Management of Meniere's disease (2018). However, a number of studies have been published recently that indicate the feasibility of in vivo anatomical identification of endolymphatic hydrops, as the main disease substrate seen using contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Due to the progress in radiological visualization of the inner ear, some patterns have been identified and new data obtained for Meniere's disease. The choice of the best route for contrast administration (intratympanic or intravenous) is a matter of active debate. There is no consensus on the criteria for the assessment of hydrops' grade. Future developments of the technique are associated with improvements of diagnostic procedures and protocols, use of new contrast agents and diagnostic algorithms developed with consideration of the otological problem of patients.
Parechovirus Genotype 3 Outbreak Among Young Infants in Portugal
Authors: Linhares Maria Inês , Brett Ana , Correia Lurdes , Pereira Henriqueta , Correia Cristina , Oleastro Mónica , De Sousa Rita , Rodrigues Fernanda 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Human parechovirus type 3 has been recognized as a cause of pediatric infection, occasionally associated with serious illness, including sepsis and meningitis, particularly among young infants. The aim of this study is to report the first known human parechovirus type 3 outbreak in Portugal.Material and Methods: Descriptive study of an outbreak that occurred between the 8th June to the 12th August 2016. Laboratory diagnosis was made by reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction in the cerebrospinal fluid and/or in stools. Genotyping was made by reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction and sequencing in stool samples from infants and family members.Results: Human parechovirus type 3 infection was detected in seven infants, of which six were male. Median age was 23 days (5 - 52). One had seizures, with a magnetic resonance imaging scan showing white matter diffusion restriction. The mean duration of admission was 5.6 days (3 - 11), with favourable outcome in all. In three cases there were symptomatic close family members. Human parechovirus type 3 was identified in the stools of three mothers.Discussion: Even though human parechovirus type 3 infection has been well described in the presented age group, most Portuguese hospitals do not have this laboratory diagnosis. Our results are comparable to those obtained in other countries. Besides detection of the virus in the cerebrospinal fluid, there were no raised local or systemic inflammatory markers.Conclusion: This study reports the first known outbreak, in infants, of human parechovirus type 3 in Portugal. Although there is no specific treatment, this diagnosis can avoid unnecessary empirical antibiotic treatment and prolonged admissions.
SEBARAN KUALITAS AIR DALAM ALIRAN SUNGAI KUIN KOTA BANJARMASIN
Authors: Harish Ahmad Hijran , Annisa Nova , Abdi Chairul , Prasetia Hafiizh 
Published: March 2021

Banjarmasin merupakan kota yang dikenal dengan seribu sungai yang terletak diibukota Kalimantan. Salah satu sungai tersebut adalah sungai Kuin. Sungai sangatlah penting bagi masyarakat Kalimantan Selatan sehingga berkembang suatu aktivitas disungai,yang akan mempengaruhi kualitas air sungai. Pencemaran sungai kuin diakibatkan banyaknya limbah padat dan cair secara langsung sehingga sungai tersebut menurun kualitasnya. Besarnya aktivitas disepanjang sungai kuin akan berpengaruh terhadap kualitas air sungai, maka perlu dilakukan studi kualitas air sungai agar mengetahui kualitas air sungai tersebut untuk menentukan strategi pengendalian air sungai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Menganalisis nilai kadar oksigen terlarut dalam aliran sungai Kuin Kota Banjarmasin dan didukung data kualitas air lainnya seperti BOD dan COD. Data diambil sepanjang sungai kuin dengan Jumlah stasiun pengambilan sampel dibagi menjadi 10 titik yang tersebar disepanjang sungai dengan jarak antar stasiun ± 400 m, dengan asumsi bahwa pada jarak ini terdapat perubahan sebaran oksigen terlarut dalam aliran sungai. Setiap stasiun diambil 3 kali pengulangan ( sisi kiri, tengah, dan sisi kanan ) sungai. Sehingga diperoleh 30 sampel air. Hasil analisis kualitas air Sungai Kuin yang dilakukan di Laboratorium Perikanan dan Kelautan Universitas Lambung Mangkurat diketahui konsentrasi DO sungai kuin berkisar 1,68 – 3,41 mg/l, nilain BOD dalam aliran sungai kuin berkisar 8 – 26,67 mg/l. Serta nilan COD Sungai Kuin berkisar 26,53 – 31,04 mg/l.Hasil perbandingan dengan baku mutu berdasarkan Peraturan gubernur Kalsel No. 05 Tahun 2007 kualitas sungai kuin tidak memenuhi baku mutu air kelas II. Dilihat dari hasil tersebut, kondisi sungai kuin telah mengalami pencemaran.
PENGARUH PROSES DELIGNIFIKASI PADA PRODUKSI GLUKOSA DARI TONGKOL JAGUNG DENGAN HIDROLISIS ASAM ENCER
Authors: Mardina Primata , Talalangi Adelina I. , Sitinjak Jhon F. M. , Nugroho Andri , Fahrizal M. Reza 
Published: March 2021

Hidrolisis asam encer dari tongkol jagung untuk produksi glukosa mengalami hambatan karena adanya lignin. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh dari proses perusakan lignin dengan proses menggunakan hidrolisis basa Hidrolisis basa yang biasa disebut delignifikasi dilakukan pada suhu 55oC selama 4 jam dengan konsentrasi larutan basa, yaitu NaOH 5%, 10% dan 15% berat Hasil menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi NaOH yang optimal untuk pengurangan lignin adalah 15% berat dengan persentase pengurangan sebesar 89,3%. Tongkol jagung yang tidak dan telah didelignifikasi dengan NaOH kemudian dihidrolisis dengan menggunakan H2SO4 0,75% berat dengan waktu dan suhu yang berbeda dan dianalisis kadungan glukosanya. Glukosa yang dihasilkan dari partikel tongkol jagung yang didelignifikasi dengan NaOH 15% wt lebih besar daripada tongkol jagung yang tidak didelignifikasi untuk semua variasi waktu dan suhu. Hal ini menunjukkan proses delignifikasi untuk merusak struktur lignin akan meningkatkan reaktivitas dari katalis asam pada proses hidrolisis asam encer. Kata kunci: Tongkol jagung, lignin, delignifikasi, hidrolisis asam encer, glukosa. The dilute acid hydrolysis of corn cob for glucose production has faced barrier because of lignin. In this research, an effective lignin destruction process by alkali hydrolysis which affects glucose production from corn cob as lignocellulose biomass was investigated. Alkali hydrolysis called delignification was performed at 55oC for 4 hr with various NaOH concentrations: 5%, 10% and 15%-wt. It was found that optimal NaOH concentration for lignin reduction was 15%-wt and the percentage of reduction was 89.3%. The untreated and NaOH 15%-wt treated solid fraction were hydrolyzed by 0.75%-wt H2SO4 with various times and temperatures. The glucose content of liquid fraction from hydrolysis was analyzed. The result showed that the yield of glucose for NaOH 15% -wt treated corn cob was higher than that of untreated corn cob for various temperatures and operation times. It implied the destruction of lignin structure would enhance the reactivity of acid catalyst for diluted acid hydrolysis process. Keywords: Corn cob, lignin, delignification, acid dilute hydrolysis, and glucose
Analysis of the styles of coping with stress in women in the preoperative period
Authors: Szymoniak Katarzyna , Rychlicka Małgorzata , Zimny Małgorzata , Czechowska Krystyna , Powirska-Swęd Regina , Jurczak Anna , Ćwiek Dorota 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Stress constitutes a serious social and health problem. At the beginning of the 21st century, it became a very common and popular topic in medicine. As such, it is important to conduct studies on the causes of preoperative stress and strategies of dealing with it, especially in a hospital environment. Our research results, alongside numerous other studies, show that the problem is still present.
The aim of the study was to analyze the styles of coping with stress in women before surgeries using the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS).

Materials and methods
The study was conducted on 339 women admitted to a surgical gynecology clinic. A diagnostic survey with a questionnaire CISS was conducted.

Results
The most dominant style of coping with stress is the avoidance-oriented style which is prevalent in 35.4% of respondents. The study shows that use of the avoidance-oriented style decreases with age (p = 0.007). Younger women try to avoid stress by socializing more frequently than older individuals. Less-educated women focus on avoiding stress more often (p = 0.017) than well-educated women who are more task-oriented (p = 0.011). Women with fewer past surgeries seek social contact to avoid stress more frequently (p = 0.019). Engaging in substitutive activities is more prevalent among women who underwent surgeries where the abdominal cavity is opened.

Conclusions
1. Gynecological surgeries are a source of stress and a great emotional burden for women. 2. Older, well-educated women show better skills in coping with preoperative stress. 3. Most respondents use the avoidance-oriented style.
Odontogenic orbital cellulitis in a young man with complete vision loss – a case report
Authors: Sikora Maciej , Wróbel Krzysztof , Stąpor Agata , Sielski Marcin , Chlubek Dariusz 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Odontogenic inflammation in humans can spread to adjacent anatomical structures, causing pathological changes that are dangerous to health and, in some cases, life. In this paper, we present an unusual case of odontogenic orbital cellulitis caused by both Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Enterococcus avium, which resulted in blindness of the eye in a 25-year-old man. Orbital cellulitis is more common in children due to the relative immaturity of their immune systems whereas it is rare in adults – in most cases, it occurs as a complication of paranasal sinusitis. An accurate diagnosis requires not only a thorough clinical examination but also appropriate imaging tests (such as a computed tomography or nuclear magnetic resonance test). Successful treatment largely depends on the earliest possible implementation of pharmacological therapy. In cases where it is justified, surgical procedures to decompress and drain the abscess should also be considered. However, in the case described in this publication, the patient did not regain vision in the affected eye despite the implementation of both intensive pharmacological treatment and surgical treatment, probably due to ischemic optic neuropathy and central retinal artery occlusion caused by severe infraorbital oedema.