bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stage-Wise Gene Expression Profiling Reveals Potential Genes and the Pathways in Kidney Cancer
Authors: Khouja Hamed Ishaq , Ashankyty Ibraheem Mohammed , Bajrai Leena Hussein , Kumar PK Praveen , Kamal Mohammad Amjad , Mobashir Mohammad 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Micro-abstract: Using the publicly available datasets, we have investigated the list of critical pathways and the genes which appear to be clinically highly significant in case of renal cell carcinoma. ARHGAP6, TGM4, CD248, SLC13A3, EPO, PARD6A, CLCA2, UBE2S, ERAL1, FGFR1, MRVI1, DYNC1I2, CDCA7 are among the top ranked genes which appeared highly significant in terms of patient survival.Clinical practice points: Using the publicly available datasets, we have investigated the gene expression profiling for renal cell carcinoma. In the previous work, it has been focused on selected genes and pathways. Here, we have investigated the list of critical pathways and the genes which appear to be clinically highly significant in case of renal cell carcinoma. ARHGAP6, TGM4, CD248, SLC13A3, EPO, PARD6A, CLCA2, UBE2S, ERAL1, FGFR1, MRVI1, DYNC1I2, CDCA7 are among the top ranked genes which appeared highly significant in terms of patient survival. These genes leads to potential alteration in PI3K-Akt, Foxo, endocytosis, MAPK, tight junction, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathways. Our work will help in diagnosing the renal cell carcinoma patients because here, we have presented the differentially expressed genes, their inferred pathways, and the clinical impact of the selective genes. Since, our finding is from overall perspective including clinical relevance so this study will help in future for diagnostic also.Background: Cancer is among the highly complex disease and renal cell carcinoma is the sixth-leading cause of cancer death. In order to understand complex diseases such as cancer, diabetes and kidney diseases, high-throughput data are generated at large scale and it has helped in the research and diagnostic advancement. However, to unravel the meaningful information from such large datasets for comprehensive and minute understanding of cell phenotypes and disease pathophysiology remains a trivial challenge and also the molecular events leading to disease onset and progression are not well understood. Methods: With this goal, we have collected gene expression datasets from publicly available dataset which are for two different stages (I and II) for renal cell carcinoma.Results and conclusion: In this work, we have applied computational approach to unravel the differentially expressed genes, their networks for the enriched pathways. Based on our results, we conclude that among the most dominantly altered pathways for renal cell carcinoma, are PI3K-Akt, Foxo, endocytosis, MAPK, Tight junction, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathways and the major source of alteration for these pathways are MAP3K13, CHAF1A, FDX1, ARHGAP26, ITGBL1, C10orf118, MTO1, LAMP2, STAMBP, DLC1, NSMAF, YY1, TPGS2, SCARB2, PRSS23, SYNJ1, CNPPD1, PPP2R5E. In terms of clinical significance, there are large number of differentially expressed genes which appears to be playing critical roles in survival.
Trait Impulsivity and Choice Impulsivity in Young Adults With Binge Eating Disorder
Authors: zheng Dan-Hui , Liu Meng-Meng , Yan Wan-Sen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Binge Eating Disorder (BED) as a public health problem has been included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). Akin to addictive disorders, impulsivity-related neuropsychological constructs might be potentially involved in the onset and development of BED. However, it remains unclear which facets of impulsivity are connected to overeating and binge eating behaviors among general populations. The present study aimed to detect the relationship between impulsivity and BED both on the personality-trait and behavioral-choice levels in undiagnosed young adults. Methods: Fifty-eight BED individuals and 60 healthy controls, matched on age, gender, and educational level, were assessed by using a series of self-report measurements, including the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), UPPSP Impulsive Behaviors Scale (UPPSP), Delay Discounting Test (DDT), and Probability Discounting Test (PDT). Results：Multivariate analysis of variance models revealed that compared with healthy controls, the BED group showed elevated scores on the BIS-11 Attentional and Motor impulsiveness, and on the UPPSP Negative Urgency, Positive Urgency, and Lack of Perseverance. However, BED subjects had similar discounting rates on the DDT and PDT with healthy controls. Regression models found that Negative Urgency was the only risk factor positively predicting BED. Conclusions：These findings suggested that typical facets of trait impulsivity, which have been recognized in addictive disorders, were associated with BED in young adults, whereas choice impulsivity was not aberrantly seen in BED. This study might promote a better understanding of the pathogenesis of BED.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak on Eating and Lifestyle Habits of Adolescents in Bosnia and Herzegovina: a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ćorić Nevena , Jurić Anita , Karlovic Andrea 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Pandemic caused by the COVID-19 virus brought tremendous changes in the lifestyle of adolescents, about which numerous studies have been published. Due to extended restrictions, long term impact should be investigated.Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 953 voluntary participants aged 14 to 21, from different regions of B&H. Participants were asked to complete an online 37-item survey, regarding socio-demographics, geographic, social characteristics, dietary and lifestyle habits, physical activity, including their consumption of dietary, vitamin and mineral supplements. They also needed to provide information about their weight, height and weight change during the entire period of the COVID-19 pandemic from March 2020 until the end of November when the study was completed. For data entry and analysis, SPSS (version 25) and Microsoft Excel were used.Results: At the time of completing the survey, a slightly lower BMI of participants was noticed compared to the time before the pandemic. A statistically significant difference was determined between males and females BMI, boys BMI was slightly higher. Females gained and men lost BW. Increased intake of unhealthy types of food was associated with weight change. Increased mental stress during the pandemic was associated with dietary changes, respectively with decreased as also increased food amount. High percent of participants (40.4%) who increased their physical activity did not alter their eating in the form of the food amount. This study reported use of some dietary supplements which have not been used before the pandemic by 63.5% participants.Conclusions: This paper presents a unique insight into the changing lifestyle and eating habits of adolescents in B&H during lockdown and post-lockdown period of research. Considering that pandemic is still ongoing, data from study like this may be useful to create further steps in battling the pandemic.
Investigating the Response Scale of the Eortc Qlq-C30 in German Cancer Patients and a Population Survey – A Case of Quality Control in Patient-Reported Outcomes Research
Authors: Koller Michael , Müller Karolina , Nolte Sandra , Schmidt Heike , Harvey Christina , Mölle Ulrike , Boehm Andreas , Engeler Daniel , Metzger Jürg , Sztankay Monika , Holzner Bernhard , Groenvold Mogens , Kuliś Dagmara , Bottomley Andrew 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: The European Organization for research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Core Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ-C30) scales are scored on a 4-point response scale, ranging from not at all to very much. Previous studies have shown that the German translation of the response option quite a bit as mäßig violates interval scale assumptions, and that ziemlich is a more appropriate translation. The present studies investigated differences between the two questionnaire versions and were based on the hypothesis that the conventional version yielded lower functioning and higher symptom ratings than the optimized version, particularly in respondents with a higher health burden.Methods: The first study employed a balanced cross-over design and included 450 patients with different types of cancer from three German-speaking countries. The second study was a representative survey in Germany including 2033 respondents. Half of the participants filled in the mäßig, the other half the ziemlich version of the questionnaire.Results: In accordance with our hypothesis, the adjusted summary score was lower in the mäßig than in the ziemlich version; Study 1: -4.5 (95% CI -7.8 to -1.3), p = 0.006, Study 2: -3.1 (95% CI - 4.6 to -1.5), p < 0.001. In both studies, this effect was pronounced in respondents with a higher health burden; Study 1: -6.8 (95% CI -12.2 to -1.4), p = 0.013; Study 2: -4.5 (95% CI -7.3 to -1.7), p = 0.002.Conclusions: We found subtle but consistent differences between the two questionnaire versions. The optimized response option should be used for the EORTC QLQ-C30 as well as for all other German modules.Trial registration: The study was retrospectively registered on the German Registry for Clinical Studies (reference number DRKS00012759, 04th August 2017, https://www.drks.de/DRKS00012759).
Elevated levels and Clinical Association of Serum Cytokines in Untreated HIV-1 Infection
Authors: Zhang Na , Yan Chang-Xin , Yu Shuang-Mei , Wang Xiao-Xiong , Teng Lei , Yang Ming-Chun , Han Da-Yong , Wang Jia-Ye , Zhou Haizhou 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection disturbs the balance of CD4+ T cells and monocytes in the immune system. In the early stage of infection, the virus stimulates the activation and proliferation of immune cells, induces the release of cytokines, destroys CD4+ T cells, and accelerates HIV-1 replication and AIDS progression. It is essential to explore cytokine changes after HIV-1 infection and further understand the underlying mechanism of HIV infection.
Methods

In this study, we enrolled 38 HIV-infected subjects and 30 healthy subjects. We measured and compared CD4+ T cell counts and the serum cytokine levels in different groups.
Results

Our results showed significantly higher serum levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-10, IL-17, IFN-γ, and TNF-α in HIV-infected patients. Higher levels of IL-6 and IL-17 were observed in the < 200/mL CD4+ T cell count group, and higher levels of IL-2 were observed in the CCR5-tropic HIV strain group.
Conclusion

In conclusion, we found that HIV infection-induced activation of the immune system and cytokines could predict the severity of HIV disease and regulate HIV infection and replication differently depending on the type of virus strain.
Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Approach to Control of Comorbidities Among Hospitalized Patients: Evidence From A 4-Year Longitudinal Study in China
Authors: Liu Mengzhu , Shi Meng , Gu Jianqin , Wang Liuyi , Tarimo Clifford Silver , Wu Jian , Li Quanman , Miao Yudong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: The disease burden of comorbidity is growing steadily in many developing countries, affecting residents' physical and mental health. General Practitioners are considered as the suitable service providers for the prevention and control of comorbidity. However, the current knowledge on the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of comorbidity among inpatients in the general practice departments of hospital is limited, which hinders the precise promotion of the service capacity and quality of GPs. Objective: The current study aimed to analyze the clinical prevalence of comorbidities in central China and to provide evidence-based policy recommendations for quality improvement in general medical services. Methods: The study was conducted at the general practice departments of all 27 tertiary grade-A hospitals of Henan Province, China. 3 registered GPs of each hospital were selected by random, and all direct admissions of the 81 GPs from December 2016 to November 2020 were followed up. The clinical epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of comorbidity were evaluated using descriptive statistical analysis and logistic regression models. Results: Comorbidity was present in 93.1 percent of the 2385 direct admitted patients, with a male-to-female ratio of 1: 1. Comorbidity was significantly more prevalent in patients aged 45-59 years (OR=3.018, 95% CI=1.945-4.683), 60-74 years (OR=4.349, 95% CI=2.574-7.349), ≥75 years (OR=7.804, 95% CI=3.665-16.616), and those with body mass index (BMI) ≥28 kg/m2 (OR=3.770, 95% CI =1.453-9.785). The circulatory system is the most commonly involved human body system in comorbidity, accounting for 79% of all cases. The endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic systems, as well as the digestive and respiratory systems, were all significantly affected, with prevalence rates of 62 percent, 48 percent, and 37 percent, respectively. Conclusion: Comorbidity is common among the inpatients attending the provincial tertiary grade-A hospitals. Since old age and obesity are independent risk factors for comorbidity, healthy lifestyle interventions should be strengthened, as should the implementation of the patient-centered prevention and control model. Meanwhile, quality improvement priorities should be given to improving GPs' clinical diagnosis and treatment of the circulatory system, endocrine system, metabolic system, digestive system, and respiratory system.
Fabellar prevalence, parameters and association with medial meniscal tear: causality or coincidence?
Authors: Zhong Jingyu , Zhang Guangcheng , Si Liping , Hu Yangfan , He Yaohua , Yao Weiwu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Fabella is a sesamoid bone of knee that has potential biomechanical function. The correlation between medial meniscal (MM) tear and fabella has not been rigorously examined. The aim of this study is to examine the fabellar prevalence and parameters in Chinese population and test the hypothesis that fabellar presence and morphology are associated with MM tear.Methods: A total of 1011 knee magnetic resonance imaging scans were analyzed. The fabellar presence was documented and parameters were measured. Further ratios were calculated to present fabellar morphology. Differences among subgroups were compared and correlation of fabellar presence and parameters with advancing age was assessed by Spearman correlation analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to investigate whether factors have relationship with MM tear. Diagnostic performance of risk factors was assessed and cut values were determined.Results: The overall prevalence of fabellae was 39.8% and increased with the increasing age (r = .237, P < .001). The fabellar were larger in male and ones with an articulating groove (all p < .001). The length/thickness ratio and width/thickness ratio were found significantly different between gender, age and articulating groove condition (all P < .05) and showed a moderate correlation with age (r = .463, p < .001; r = .303, p < .001), respectively. Fabella presented more often in knees with MM tears with a multivariate OR of 2.960 (95% CI, 1.853-3.903). Age, fabellar length, width, length/thickness ratio and width/thickness ratio yielded an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.604-0.766 to predict an MM tear. In combination with age, fabellar width and length/thickness ratio, the diagnostic performance was improved to an AUC of 0.791 (95% CI, 0.744-0.837), a sensitivity of 73.0% and a specificity of 74.6% (OR, 7.939; 95% CI, 4.094-12.852). Conclusion: The presence of fabellae, increased fabellar length and width as well as flatter fabellar morphology, are significantly associated with an increased risk for MM tear. These findings might aid clinicians in identifying patients at risk for a MM tear and informing them.
Ramification of TNF-α-associated apoptosis on lactase enzyme activity due to Blastocystis hominis infection
Authors: Basuony Gehad A. , Basyoni Maha M.A. , Negm Mohamed Sherif Ismail , Mostafa Eman Ali Mohamed , El-Wakil Eman Sayed , Shemis Mohamed A. , Gouda Abdullah E. , Saftawy Enas El 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Blastocystis hominis is a cosmopolitan protozoan that has been associated with several gastrointestinal disturbances involving lactose intolerance. However, the underlying pathogenic factors remain indistinct. 20 Swiss albino mice were utilized and assembled into four groups, each of five mice: group-I: received neither infection nor lactose (healthy control), group-II: received a single dose of 10000 cysts of Blastocystis and lactose diets in a dose of 12.5 g/ day/mouse for 7 consecutive ‎days starting from day 14 p.i, group-III: non-infected mice with oral doses of lactose (12.5 g/day/mouse) for 7 consecutive ‎days (positive control), group-IV: infected mice on lactose free diet (negative control). We investigated the histopathological changes using H&E stain. Also, lactase enzyme activity was measured using spectrophotometry and the production of TNF-α and apoptotic events were explored via immunohistochemistry and compared in the small intestine of all groups. The active inflammatory changes in the infected animals were moderate in the form of loss of villous architecture, increased ILC (P- value > 0.001) besides scattered forms of the parasite as compared to non-infected mice. There was a reduction in lactase enzyme activity p.i... The TNF-α levels were induced p.i. as compared to non-infected mice (P-value > 0.001). The expression of Bax protein was upgraded, while Bcl-2 expression decreased significantly with a reverse in Bax/Bcl2 ratio in infected animals. Blastocystis infection appears to humble lactase enzyme activity via the induction of apoptosis in the epithelial cells of the small intestinal brush border in a TNF-α associative pathway.
Efficacy of Fulvestrant in Women with Hormone-Resistant Metastatic Breast Cancer (mBC): A Canadian Province Experience
Authors: Andrahennadi Samitha , Sami Amer , Haider Kamal , Chalchal Haji , Le Duc , Ahmed Osama , Manna Mita , El-Gayed Ali , Wright Philip , Ahmed Shahid 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Introduction: Fulvestrant has demonstrated efficacy in hormone receptor positive (HR+) metastatic breast cancer (mBC), both in first- and second-line settings. In clinical practice, however, fulvestrant has been used as a later-line therapy. The study aimed to assess the efficacy of fulvestrant in women with mBC in early- versus later-line therapy. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, women with HR+ mBC who received fulvestrant between 2003–2019 in Saskatchewan were assessed. A multivariate Cox proportional survival analysis was performed. Results: 186 women with a median age of 63.5 years were identified; 178 (95.6%) had hormone resistant mBC, 57.5% had visceral disease, and 43.0% had received chemotherapy before fulvestrant. 102 (54.8%) women received ≤ 2-line-therapy, and 84 (45.2%) received ≥ 3 line-therapy before fulvestrant. The median time to progression (TTP) was 12 months in the early-treatment vs. 6 months in the later-treatment group, p = 0.015. Overall survival (OS) from the start of fulvestrant was 26 months in the early-treatment group vs. 16 months in the later-treatment group, p = 0.067. On multivariate analysis, absence of visceral metastasis, HR: 0.70 (0.50–0.99), was significantly correlated with better TTP, whereas post-fulvestrant chemotherapy, HR: 0.32 (0.23–0.47), clinical benefit from fulvestrant, HR: 0.44 (0.30–0.65) and absence of visceral metastasis, HR: 0.70 (0.50–0.97), were correlated with better OS. Conclusions: Fulvestrant has demonstrated efficacy as both early- and later-line therapy in hormone-resistant mBC. Women with clinical benefit from fulvestrant, who received post-fulvestrant chemotherapy, or had non-visceral disease had better survival.
Improving large-scale biomass and total alkaloid production of Dendrobium nobile Lindl. using a temporary immersion system and MeJA
Authors: Zhang Benhou , Niu Zhitao , Li Chao , Hou Zhenyu , Xue Qingyun , Liu Wei , Ding Xiaoyu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Dendrobium nobile Lindl. is an important pharmacopeial plant with medicinal and ornamental value. This study sought to provide technical means for the large-scale artificial production of total alkaloids in D. nobile. Seedlings were cultured in vitro in a temporary immersion bioreactor system (TIBS). The four tested immersion frequencies (min/h; 5/2, 5/4, 5/6, and 5/8) influenced the production of biomass and total alkaloid content. In addition, to compare the effects of different concentrations of phytohormone methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and treatment time on biomass and total alkaloid accumulation, MeJA was added to the TIBS medium after 50 days. Finally, the production of total alkaloids in a semi-solid system (SSS), TIBS, and TIBS combined with the MeJA system (TIBS-MeJA) were compared.
Results

The best immersion frequency was found to be 5/6 (5 min every 6 h) that ensured good levels of biomass and total alkaloid content in plantlets. 10 µM MeJA and 20 days of culture were the most favorable for alkaloid accumulation in the seedlings cultured in TIBS. The maximum content and productivity of total alkaloid on use of TIBS-MeJA was 2.32- and 4.69- fold, respectively, higher in terms of content, and 2.04- and 10.27- fold, respectively, higher in terms of productivity than those on use of TIBS and SSS.
Conclusions

Our results show that TIBS-MeJA is suitable for the large-scale production of total alkaloids in in vitro seedlings; therefore, they provide technical means for the large-scale artificial production of total alkaloids in D. nobile.
A Case Report of Incomplete Carney Complex With SMARCA4-Deficient Thoracic Sarcoma: Implications for the SLC7Aaa and ARID1A Expression
Authors: kito yusuke , Kawashima Keisuke , Saigo Chiemi , Hasegawa Masayoshi , Nomura Shusuke , Mikamo Takuya , Hanamatsu Yuki , Matsuo Yasuhiro , Takeuchi Tamostu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: SWI/SNF-related, matrix-associated, matrix-associated, actin-dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily A, member (SMARCA4)-deficient thoracic sarcoma (SMARCA4-DTS) is a rare disease that has recently been described as an entity. It is characterized by an aggressive clinical course and specific genetic alterations. As an immunohistological feature, the tumors are deficient in SMARCA4 and SMARCA2 and express the sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2). In contrast, Carney’s triad is a syndrome that combines three rare soft tissue tumors: gastric leiomyosarcoma, pulmonary chondroma, and extra-adrenal paraganglioma, of which at least two are required for diagnosis. Both diseases are valuable case, and there have been no previous reports of their coexistence.Case presentation: A 43-year-old man visited our hospital because of respiratory distress. Computed tomography revealed a large mass measuring 55 mm in the upper lobe of his right lung and front mediastinum, with metastases in the surrounding lymph nodes. Needle biopsy was performed for diagnosis, and histological examination of the samples revealed monotonous epithelioid-like cells with loose binding and sheet-form proliferation. The tumor cells had distinct nuclei, with rhabdoid-kile cells in some locations. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the tumor cells were positive for SOX2, CD34, and p53 and negative for SMARCA4 and SMARCA2. The patient died 6 months after admission without any treatment. Autopsy revealed ganglioneuroma and enchondroma, suggesting an incomplete Carney complex.Conclusion: SMARCA4-DTS is a rare and recently established disease. While it is difficult to siagnose, it is necessary to distinguish undifferentiated carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, Ewing sarcoma, epithelioid sarcoma, etc. when diagnosing tumors involving the mediastinum, In addition, case with both an incomplete Carney complex and SMARCA4-DTS are very rare. We discuss and report about SMARCA4-DTS by examining the expression of AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A and solute carrier family 7 member 11.