bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decreased SFRP5 Correlated With Excessive Metabolic Inflammation in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Can Be Reversed by Metformin: A Retrospective Case-Control Study
Authors: Zhang Yi , Ran Yuxin , Kong Lingna , Geng Lihong , Huang Hua , Zhang Hongying , Hu Jun , Qi Hongbo , Chen Ying 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder of heterogeneous nature. Secreted frizzled-related protein (SFRP) 5 is an anti-inflammatory adipokine implicated in metabolic homeostasis. We aimed to confirm the correlation between SFRP5, metabolic inflammation and PCOS, investigate the predictive value of SFRP5 for PCOS and the involvement of SFRP5 in metformin treated PCOS.Methods: This retrospective case-control study included PCOS and control women (67 vs. 33) for detecting serum SFRP5 and its correlation with metabolic inflammation. Predictive value of SFRP5 for PCOS was evaluated by logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses. The effects of metformin on SFRP5 and pro-inflammatory cytokines and ovulation of PCOS with metabolic abnormality (37 vs. 36) were analysed.Results: Plasma SFRP5 levels were decreased in PCOS (odds ratio: 0.78, 95% confidence interval (CI):0.703–0.866, P<0.001) independent of obesity. SFRP5 was negatively associated with IL-6, TNFα, FAI and HOMA-IR. The cut-off point of SFRP5 < 46.13 ng/ml was optimal to identify PCOS with a higher specificity of 96.87% and a relatively lower sensitivity compared to AMH. SFRP5 increased specificity of AMH for predicting PCOS, especially which with relatively decreased AMH (< 4.7 ng/ml). Metformin promoted SFRP5 and decreased leptin, IL-6 and TNFα secretion in PCOS women with metabolic abnormality in a time dependent manner and with improved ovulation rate and pregnancy outcomes.Conclusion: Decreased SFRP5 was associated with metabolic inflammation in PCOS and has a potential role for the supplement of AMH in predicting PCOS. The reverse of serum SFRP5 by metformin indicated that SFRP5 participated in the improvment of follicular development by metformin. Further prospective investigations are needed to confirm these preliminary data.
Genome-wide Association Study Identifies New Loci Associated With Risk Of HBV&nbsp;Infection And Disease Progression&nbsp;
Authors: Zeng Zheng , Hankui Liu , Huifang Xu , Haiying Lu , Yanyan Yu , Xiaoyuan Xu , Min Yu , Tao Zhang , Xiulan Tian , Hongli Xi , Liping Guan , Jianguo Zhang , Stephen O'Brien J. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Recent studies have identified susceptibility genes of HBV clearance, chronic hepatitis B, liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and showed the host genetic factors play an important role in these HBV-related outcomes. Results: In order to discover new susceptibility genes for HBV-related outcomes, we conducted a genome-wide association study in 1031 Chinese participants, including 275 HBV clearance subjects, 92 asymptomatic persistence infection carriers (ASPI), 93 chronic hepatitis B patients (CHB), 188 HBV-related decompensated cirrhosis patients (DC), 214 HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma patients (HCC) and 169 healthy controls (HC). In the case-control study, we observed novel locus significantly associated with CHB (SNP: rs1264473, Gene: GRHL2, P = 1.57×10-6) and HCC (SNP: rs2833856, Gene: EVA1C, P = 1.62×10-6; SNP: rs4661093, Gene: ETV3, P = 2.26×10-6). In the trend study across progressive stages post HBV infection, one novel locus (SNP: rs1537862, Gene: LACE1, P = 1.85×10-6), and three MHC loci (HLA-DRB1, HLA-DPB1, HLA-DPA2) showed significant increased progressive risk from ASPI to CHB. Interestingly, underlying the evolutionary study of HBV-related genes in public database, we found that the derived allele of two HBV clearance related locus, rs3077 and rs9277542, are under strong selection in European population. Conclusions: In this study, we identified several novel candidate genes associated with individual HBV infectious outcomes, progressive stages, and liver enzymes. Moreover, we identified two SNPs that show selective significance (HLA-DPA1, HLA-DPB1) in non-East Asian (European, American, South Asian) versus East Asian, indicating that host genetic factors contribute to the ethnic disparities of susceptibility of HBV infection. Taken together, these findings provided a new insight into the role of host genetic factors in HBV related outcomes and progression.
Does Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Infection Drive Venous Thromboembolism in Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Units Receiving Prophylactic Anticoagulants?
Authors: Aleidan Fahad , Albilal Sara , Alammari Maha , Sulaiman Khalid Al , Alassiri Mohammed , Gadir Abdel Galil Abdel 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundSystemic infections are one of several risk factors leading to the development of inflammation and venous thromboembolism (VTE) formation.Aim of the studyTo assess the risk factors associated with the development of VTE during the stay of critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU).Materials and methodsThis is a matched case-control study of patients with VTE admitted to the ICU, at a single centre, from January 1 2018 to December 31 2019. We included all adult patients who stayed more than two days before the development of VTE. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) for the risk factors for VTE.ResultsUnivariate and multivariate analyses uncovered three of six factors to have significant influence in the development of VTE in ICU patients: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobactereaceae (CRE) infections (OR 2.95, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.21–7.33, p = .010), length of ICU stay (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01–1.04, p = .011) and the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.01–1.20, p = .031); all were found to be independent risk factors in the development of VTE.ConclusionOur findings suggest that in patients admitted to the ICU, CRE infection is a strong trigger to the development of VTE, and draw the attention of the treating clinicians to prioritise these infections in the management protocols to control infection-driven VTE in ICU patients.
Major Depression With Musical Obsession Treated With Vortioxetine: A Case Report
Authors: Yoshimura Reiji , Okamoto Naomichi , Konishi Yuki , Ikenouchi Atsuko 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Musical obsession has been reported as the “stuck song syndrome” and can be accompanied by obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Musical obsession is the phenomenon where a particular set of known musical notes are perceived repeatedly. We present a case of major depression with musical obsession. In this case, vortioxetine improved both depressive symptoms and musical obsession.Case presentation: A female, 34-year-old, high school teacher presented with a depressed mood, anergia, difficulty in concentration, poor motivation, restlessness, anxiety, insomnia, and loss of appetite. She was diagnosed with major depression by her family physician and prescribed escitalopram (20 mg/day). Her depressive state partially responded to escitalopram. When she had been depressed, she also experienced musical obsessions as repetitive commercial tunes or instrumental notes inside her head that were not under conscious voluntary control and lasting several hours, causing a high level of distress in her daily life. After switching from escitalopram to vortioxetine (20 mg/day), her depressive symptoms and musical obsession symptoms were ameliorated.Conclusions: This case report endorses the utility of vortioxetine for major depression with musical obsession, and further studies should be conducted to establish the optimal treatment.
Grade-Specific Diagnosis, Prognostic and Therapeutic Biomarkers in Breast Cancer Identified by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: hanyu zhang , XiuLing Zhou , XiaoMing Zhang , ZhongYu Yu , JianTao Wang , XinYu Guo , Yue Hu , JingChun Guo , YingHong Tao , HouGuang Zhou 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundBreast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women. Due to the mechanism of breast cancer has not yet been completely clear, we aim to identify the key pathway and genes in breast cancer based on bioinformatics method. MethodsThe samples were obtained from NCBI-GEO website. Then, GEO2R tools and Venn diagram software were used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene enrichment analysis was performed by ClusterProfiler package (version 3.16.1) of R. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was plotted by Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) website and candidate genes were selected from PPI network by Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) plug-in. Afterwards, we assess the overall survival and expression level of the core genes by Kaplan-Meier plotter and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 (GEPIA2). Finally, we selected the core genes through the analysis of different grades cancer and analyzed the gene-drug interaction by Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD).ResultsDEGs contained 23 up-regulated and 32 down-regulated genes. GO described biological process, cellular component, and molecular function. KEGG analysis showed up-regulated DEGs were mainly involved in breast cancer-related pathway like P53 signaling pathway, platinum drug resistance and bladder cancer. 15 candidate genes were screened through PPI network, 14 of which had adverse prognosis and high expression in breast cancer. At last, we selected 5 core genes from different grades analysis and found the interaction of these genes and anthracyclines and cyclophosphamide.ConclusionsIn the current study, 5 core genes of breast cancer were identified based on bioinformatics method, which could useful to provide essential information for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of breast cancer.
Combining TrkA&nbsp;Immunohistochemical-Score with Clinicopathologic Parameters in Neuroblastoma: An Influential Prognostic Nomogram
Authors: Yue Juanqing , Cai Lei , Wang Ruifen , Qiao Meng , Wang Kezhou , Yu Wenwei , Li Junlei , Zhang Meng , Guan Wenbin , Wang lifeng 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundNeuroblastoma (NB) is one of the most common solid tumors in children with varied clinical outcomes. Although there are some several risk stratification systems currently, their clinical applications are limited due to the testing conditions of different laboratory and the heavy financial burden on patients. TrkA is coded by NTRK1 , belonging to tropomyosin receptor kinase family. We have observed that TrkA was differentially expressed in paraffin tissue sections of NB. The aim of this study was to determine the immunohistochemical-score of TrkA as an independent prognostic factor for NB and establish a useful prognostic model for postoperative patients.MethodsWe systematically summarized the relationship between immunochemistry (IHC) score of TrkA and clinicopathological parameters in 86 NB cases. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and qRT-PCR were used to detect NTRK1 gene fusion. Furthermore, GSE96631, GSE16476, GSE49710 and GSE73537 datasets, originated from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), were analyzed to figure out the NTRK1 related molecular characteristics by bioinformatics methods. And combined TrkA immunohistochemical-score with clinicopathologic parameters to construct a prognostic nomogram of overall survival (OS) for NB.ResultIn clinical samples and GEO database analyses, patients in the NTRK1 / TrkA low expression group showed significantly poorer outcome than patients in high group. Multivariate cox regression analysis demonstrated NTRK1 / TrkA as an independent prognostic factor for NB survival. Neither Fluorescence in situ hybridization nor qRT-PCR detected evidence for NTRK1 gene fusion in clinical samples, indicating that differential expression in NTRK1 / TrkA are caused by epigenetic changes. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that MYC target related pathway may play a critical role in low expression of TrkA, leading to unfavorable prognoses of NB.ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that the IHC score of TrkA may be used as an independent predictor of postoperative OS of patients with NB. By combining the IHC score of TrkA and clinicopathological features, the proposed nomogram provides a feasible predictive tool for postoperative patients with NB. Simultaneously, this study also reveals that Trk inhibitors are not supposed to be taken in NB patients.
Transcatheter arterial embolization for delayed recurrent intrathoracic bleeding caused by anastomotic leakage after minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy
Authors: LI Dong-lin , HU Jie-wei , ZHOU Hai-ning 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Anastomotic leakage (AL) is a serious complication after minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE). Its development into delayed recurrent intrathoracic bleeding is very rare and may lead to fatal consequences.Case presentation: We report a case of 67-year-old female who developed intrapleural infection, mediastinal infection and delayed recurrent intrathoracic bleeding as a complication of AL following minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy. The triple antibiotics of imipenem and cilastatin sodium, vancomycin, and fluconazole were used for anti-infection treatment. Transcatheter embolization of subclavian artery branch vessel avoided re-bleeding. As a result, the patient recovered well and was discharged 58 days after initial surgery.Conclusion: Delayed recurrent intrathoracic bleeding owing to AL is a rare and life-threatening complication after MIE. Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) can provide a minimally invasive and effective method to control delayed recurrent intrathoracic bleeding after esophagectomy.
Benign metastasizing leiomyoma of the lung: diagnostic process and treatment based on three case reports and a review of the literature
Authors: Wojtyś Małgorzata Edyta , Kacalska-Janssen Olga , Ptaszyński Konrad , Lisowski Piotr , Kunc Michał , Wójcik Janusz , Grodzki Tomasz 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Benign metastasizing leiomyoma (BML) is a rare disorder in women that is most commonly an incidental finding on chest X-rays. Patients share a common history of uterine leiomyoma. The transformed cells metastasize to various locations by an unclear mechanism, especially the lungs (BPML: benign pulmonary metastasizing leiomyoma). The disease takes the form of either, more commonly, multiple nodules or a solitary mass. Despite this pulmonary involvement, patients seldom present with signs of respiratory insufficiency, making diagnosis even more problematic.Case presentations: The three cases described in this paper are not alike. Two patients presented with the more common multiple-nodule variant while the other had a single mass, but all were symptom-free. The first patient was diagnosed with BML at the age of 50, and 12 years prior to the diagnosis, underwent a supracervical hysterectomy. The second patient had a myomectomy at the age of 36, and BML diagnosed 17 years later at the age of 53. The third patient had a hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy at the age of 46, with lung lesions present before the hysterectomy. All patients underwent a significant number of tests before the decision was made to conduct invasive diagnostic procedures and operate. Immunohistochemical studies of postoperative materials showed positive staining of spindle cells with antibodies against desmin and smooth muscle actin as well as estrogen and progesterone receptors. There were entrapped bronchoalveolar structures stained with the TTF1 antibody. The final histopathological diagnoses were BPML. All patients are stable and symptom-free: two of them at 2 years follow-up and one at 6 months follow-up.Conclusion: A "gold standard" therapy for BML has yet to be established, with authors proposing hormonal manipulation (e.g., anti-estrogen therapy, aromatase inhibitors, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists), oophorectomy, and classical resection. This paper adds to the surgical experience in successful BPML management.
Haemodynamic Analysis of Single And Double Bare-metal Stents For Coronary Artery Aneurysm
Authors: Yang Zhuoxuan , Yuan Jiansong , Cui Jingang , Fu Wenyu , Qiao Aike , Qiao Shubin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate a novel method to treat coronary artery aneurysms(CAAs).Methods Three CAAs patients who underwent single or double bare-metal stent implantation were recruited. The CAAs and parent artery diameters were measured for model construction. Single- and double-stent implantation were simulated, and the changes in the CAAs haemodynamics after stenting were analysed. Results In Case 1, the flow velocity in the single-stent model was significantly lower than that in the double-stent model (0.0046±0.013 vs 0.0050±0.011, p<0.001), while the pressure (127.33±18.03 vs 121.19±26.92, p<0.001) and wall shear stress (WSS, 0.28±1.19 vs 0.22±1.13, p<0.001) were significantly higher. In Case 2, the flow velocity (0.005±0.011 vs 0.007±0.01, p<0.001) and WSS (0.17±0.82 vs 0.23±0.88, p<0.001) in the double-stent model were significantly lower than those in the single-stent model, while the pressure was significantly higher(117.70±10.07 vs 110.64±6.34, p<0.001). The same tendency was also observed in Case 3. All CAAs occluded during the follow-up period without obvious in-stent restenosis.Conclusion Application of the single or double bare-metal stent technique, according to the neck diameter of the coronary artery aneurysms, can effectively change the flow in vessels and aneurysm haemodynamics to achieve occlusion.Trail registration: Clinicaltrails, NCT04265989. Registered 12 February 2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04265989?term=NCT04265989&draw=2&rank=1
Application of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in the Diagnosis and Treatment Guidance of Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in Renal Transplant Recipients
Authors: Zhang Feng , Chen Jia , Huang He , Liu Rangjiao , Ren Xiaomei , Wan Qiquan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is difficult to be diagnosed, so this study explored if PJP could be diagnosed by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) and if mNGS could guide the therapy of PJP.
Methods
mNGS successfully diagnosed 13 out of 14 PJP recipients with 11 through peripheral blood samples, verified by PCR. Ten non-PJP recipients were enrolled as the control group.
Results
Blood tests revealed a high β-Dglucan (BDG) level in all recipients with PJP during the hospitalization. Four (28.6%) of 14 PJP patients were infected with cytomegalovirus simultaneously, while 8 (57.1%) suffered from a combined infection caused by Torque teno virus. Five (35.7%) of 14 cases died of PJP or the subsequent bacteremias/bacterial pneumonia with a longer interval between the onset and diagnosis of/the available therapy against PJP than survival cases. Univariate analysis of Characteristics between PJP and non-PJP recipients revealed that BDG assays was higher at the admission in PJP group ( P = 0.011).
Conclusion
This present study supports the value of mNGS detection of blood sample in diagnosing PJP, which could assist clinical decision for therapy against PJ and improve outcome of PJP. The study also highlights the sensitivity of BDG assays. Cytomegalovirus and Torque teno virus infections often occur at the same time of PJP, thus can be alerts of PJP.
In Situ Seedling Baiting to Isolate Plant Growth-Promoting Fungi From Dendrobium Officinale, An Over-Collected Medicinal Orchid In China
Authors: Chen De-Yun , Wang Xin-Ju , Li Tai-Qiang , Li Neng-Qi , Gao Jiang-Yun 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Orchids are highly dependent on mycorrhizae for survival and growth. Traditionally, to obtain orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMFs) for plant growth, fungi have been isolated from the roots of mature wild plants; however, the species of OMF may change as the plants undergo different developmental stages. In this study, we developed the idea of using in situ seedling baiting to capture seedling growth-promoting fungi from Dendrobium officinale, an overcollected medicinal orchid in China.Results: In vitro-produced seedlings of D. officinale were transplanted into their original habitats, and newly established roots of well-growing seedlings were sampled for fungal isolation. Roots were sampled at 6 different times over one year, and five Tulasnella species and one Fusarium species were obtained and identified morphologically and molecularly. The ability to promote seedling growth was tested in three Tulasnella species TPYD-1, TPYD-2 and TPYD-3, with high isolation frequencies by inoculation onto in vitro-produced D. officinale seedlings. Although the three fungi were closely related species and clustered together in the phylogenetic tree, they showed different efficiencies in promoting D. officinale seedling growth. Tulasnella TPYD-2 showed a strong ability to promote seedling growth and could be selected for use in restoration plantings of D. officinale.Conclusions: Our results suggest that using an in situ seedling baiting technique could be an efficient way to obtain seedling growth-promoting fungi, and this approach could have broad applications in orchid mycorrhiza studies and orchid conservation.
Impact of Health Talks on Knowledge, Attitudes and Perception of Breast Cancer Screening and Treatment Amongst Healthcare Staff by a Breast Surgical Unit in a Public Healthcare Institution - A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Hing Jeffrey Jun Xian , Lee Wai Peng , Chua Yen Nee Sophia , Tan Pei Ting , Mok Chi Wei , Sudhakar Spoorthi Shetty , Seah Chin Mui , Tan Su-Ming 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: In October 2019, surgeons from Changi General Hospital (CGH) Breast Centre delivered a series of health talk for its employees to assess the knowledge and perception of breast cancer screening and improve related knowledge of the institution’s healthcare workers. This is to enable CGH, a healthcare provider to not only care for our patients, but also look after its staff. Methods: 141 hospital staff attended a 40-minute talk followed by an open question and answer forum. Pre and post talk surveys were conducted to gauge knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and misconceptions towards breast cancer screening and treatment. Question domains were divided into 1) breast cancer knowledge, 2) breast cancer screening guidelines,3) attitudes and perception of breast cancer screening and treatment. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between demographics and performance in question domains.Results: The overall response rate was 131 out of a total of 141 attendees (92.9%). The median age was 44 (range, 22 to 67), with nursing staff making up 40% of the cohort. Analysis showed statistically significant improvement in median score across all 3 domains. (p<0.05) after the forum. We found that respondents who were women ≥40 years (eligible age for screening), had higher income, lived in larger housing types, had attended previous talks, had served >10 years in healthcare and had personal encounter with breast cancer patients performed better. Surprisingly, being a nurse or having a university degree did not translate to better score. 99% of respondents find the forum beneficial and will recommend to others. Several knowledge gap about breast cancer screening and misconceptions were identified. Future campaign should focus on raising awareness of the national screening program BreastScreen Singapore. We advocate to reinforce its recommendations, promote on the affordability and ready accessibility. As healthcare personnel are ambassadors of the healthcare system, their knowledge would aid in providing accurate information to patients and public, enabling them to make wise healthcare choices.Conclusions: A simple Breast Cancer Awareness Month campaign targeted at healthcare workers was found to be effective at educating hospital staff on breast cancer, screening practices and improving perception of screening and treatment practices. This may empower them to not only care for themselves but help serve patients better.