bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Можливості застосування електромеханічного обладнання для компенсації реактивної потужності та підвищення надійності електропостачання
Authors: Філімоненко Н.М. , Філімоненко К.В. 
Published: January 2021

У статті розглянуто систему електропостачання підприємства хімічної промисловості. При проектуванні таких систем необхідно проводити вибір найбільш доцільного варіанту використання електрообладнання. Вибір здійснюється на основі всебічного аналізу технічних і економічних показників. Розглянуто рішення щодо забезпечення безаварійної роботи енергосистеми, яка живить підприємство хімічної промисловості.Для компенсації реактивної потужності, яка споживається електроустановками промислового підприємства, можуть бути застосовані синхронні компенсатори, а також використовуються синхронні машини.
МИТНО-ТАРИФНЕ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ: МІЖНАРОДНИЙ ДОСВІД ТА ВІТЧИЗНЯНА ПРАКТИКА
Authors: Бережнюк І. Г. , Несторишен І. В. 
Published: January 2021

У статті досліджено міжнародний досвід та вітчизняну практику митно-тарифного регулювання. Зазначено, що митно-тарифне регулювання зовнішньоекономічної діяльності є економічним методом регулювання міжнародної торгівлі, який застосовується в Україні з використанням таких інструментів: митного тарифу, класифікації товарів відповідно до товарної номенклатури зовнішньоекономічної діяльності, визначення країни походження товару, його митної вартості, а також застосування системи митних пільг та преференцій. Зауважено, що здійснення митно-тарифного регулювання – це складний і системний процес, у якому беруть участь не тільки суб’єкти функціонування усіх гілок державної влади – законодавчої, виконавчої і судової, але й безпосередні учасники міжнародних економічних відносин – підприємства. Наголошено, що створення оптимальних умов для конкуренції можливе тільки у разі вирішення головної суперечності митно-тарифного регулювання: з одного боку, воно повинно сприяти розвитку конкуренції, розв’язанню завдяки імпорту проблеми монополізації ринку підприємствами-монополістами, тобто реалізації наступальної функції; з іншого ‒ забезпечити захист національного товаровиробника від непосильної іноземної конкуренції, тобто виконання захисної функції. Авторами дослідження відмічено, що на практиці тарифний метод регулювання торгівлі полягає в застосуванні мита на товари при ввезенні або, рідше, при вивезенні з країни. В Україні застосовуються ввізне і вивізне мито, сезонне та особливі види мита. До особливих видів мита відносяться спеціальне, антидемпінгове, компенсаційне мита та додатковий імпортний збір. Особливі види мита (крім збору) застосовуються за результатами розслідувань і спрямовані на захист національного виробника. Проаналізовано міжнародну практику застування митно-тарифного регулювання, а саме, узагальнено основи сучасної торговельної політики США, яка отримала назву «Тарифна політика Дональда Трампа». Зазначено, що сучасні підходи до регулювання торгівлі мають ґрунтуватися на дотриманні міжнародних зобов’язань і передбачуваності торгової політики держави як надійного торгового партнера.
Delineating Agricultural Landuse Change using Geospatial Techniques and Markov Model in the Tarakanda Upazila of Mymensingh, Bangladesh and Future Prediction
Authors: Ullah Md Sofi , Shapla Tarulata , Hossain Md Amran , Hasan Md Hasibul 
Published: January 2021

The study aims at detecting agricultural landuse change and its prediction by using the Markov model in Tarakanda Upazila of Mymensingh District during 1989-2018 which is one of the most fish farming dominated areas of Bangladesh. Therefore, agricultural landuse is converted to the fish farming sector as well as other sectors. In such a situation the study intends at identifying agricultural landuse shifting to various sectors from 1989 to 2018 and predicting it for the year of 2026 as a future vector of the Markov model. The study was conducted using multispectral data from Landsat imageries. The imageries for the years of 1989, 2000, 2010 and 2018 were collected from Landsat 4-5TM and Landsat 8 OLI-TRIS. Maximum likelihood classification and supervised classification were applied to detect landcovers of the study area. The study showed that in 1989, there was 58.55% of agricultural land, but it stood at 46.65% in 2018. About 11.9% of agricultural land has also decreased during 1989-2018. Therefore, yearly about 0.4% of agricultural land has decreased from 1989 to 2018. The predicted data shows that about 2.96% of agricultural land will be decreased from 2018-2026, hence, about 0.37% of agricultural land will be decreased in the near future in the study area. As a fish farming dominated area, the water body of the Tarakanda Upazila has increased by about 0.18% per year, similarly, other sectors have decreased at 0.21 percent per year. Therefore the landuse change dynamics should be considered seriously for future planning.
The Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Vol. 8(1), 2019, P 19-31
Glycaemic Status in Acute Stroke in Nondiabetic Patient
Authors: Patwary Mohammad Shamsul Arefin , Ahasan HAM Nazmul , Miah Md Titu , Islam Quazi Tarikul , Munmun Farzana Rahman , Chowdhury Joybaer Anam , Jahangir Ahmed Ferdous 
Published: January 2021

Background: Elevated blood glucose is common in the early stage of stroke. Besides, blood glucose level increases during acute stroke in nondiabetic patients.
Objective: Objective of the study was to assess the glycemic status during acute stroke in nondiabetic patients, find the rate of newly developed diabetes during acute stroke and rate of newly developed Impaired Fasting Glucose, Impaired Glucose Tolerance during acute stroke.
Methods: The purposive sampling method was used to identify the patients and by proper history taking, documentary papers and laboratorial support evidenced by HbA1c level less than 6.5% (This means patient to be non diabetic). Data were collected from 100 patients. It was conducted from August, 2018 to February, 2019 in the Department of Medicine of Dhaka Medical College Hospital. The data were collected through questionnaire ,pre-tested earlier and data collection sheet illustrating the glycemic status during acute stroke among the nondiabetic patients.
Results: While analyzing the lab investigations among the respondents, mean HbA1c level was found 5.69± 0.65 mmol/L level which was found normal among the entire patient group. Patients Fasting Blood Sugar(FBS) was tested and mean FBS level was 5.94±0.86. In 62% of the patients, IFG was found, and in 12% of patients, FBS value was found to be diabetic while 26% showed normal glycemic status. Average OGTT(2 hours after 75 gm glucose) impression was 8.53± 2.02 mmol/L. OGTT level was normal among 30%, 54% patients had IGT and 16% of the respondents were found diabetic.
Conclusion: The study finds that, in patients with no history of diabetes who have acute stroke, may develop moderately elevated glucose levels which may affect short term and long term stroke related morbidity and mortality.
J MEDICINE JAN 2021; 22 (1) : 22-26
Social tolerance of spider Stegodyphus sarasinorum Karsch (1891) between their colonies under controlled and field conditions
Authors: Babu Nishi , Anand Anasuya , Prasad G. 
Published: January 2021

Investigation on social interaction between the individuals of Stegodyphus sarasinorum of two different colonies and their cooperation in prey capture showed that members of different colony were socially accepted by both adults and juveniles. The study also revealed that this species prey upon rice ear bugs and cercopids which form major pests in paddy fields and banana plantation respectively.
THE USE OF THE JIGSAW METHOD TO IMPROVE HISTORICAL LEARNING ACTIVITIES AND RESULTS OF CLASS XII IPS (SOCIAL SCIENCE) OF SMA NEGERI 10 PEKANBARU
Authors: Marta Julita , Usman Raja 
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study was to improve the activities and learning outcomes in two cycles. Before carrying out the learning process, a test was held, namely the pre-cycle total value (2390); cycle I (2885), and cycle II (3070). For the average score of pre-cycle class was 68.29, cycle I increased to 78.92 and cycle II increased to 87.71. The results obtained were based on minimum learning mastery is 80, the completeness score in the complete pre-cycle was only 8 pstudents (22.86%), 27 students were not complete (77.14%). In cycle 4, the complete one increased to 24 students (68.57%, incomplete II students (31.43%). In cycle II, 34 students (97.14%) and incomplete one 02.86%). For The results of the scores based on the high and the lowest of pre-cycle values, the highest were 85 and the lowest was 45; for cycle I the highest was 95 and the lowest was 75 based on the range and criteria of value, in the pre-cycle of the percentage was 3143% (enough); cycle I was very high 37.14% and cycle II was very high criteria which was 51.43%. Student activity in each cycle increased, namely cycle 1 was 71.43 and cycle II was 85.71. It can be concluded that the use of the jigsaw method can improve the activity and learning outcomes of class XII IPS SMA Negeri 10 Pekanbaru.
Association Between Furosemide Exposure and Clinical Outcomes in a Retrospective Cohort of Critically Ill Children
Authors: Dai Xiaomei , Chen Jiao , Li Wenjing , Bai Zhenjiang , Li Xiaozhong , Wang Jian , Li Yanhong 
Published: January 2021

Furosemide is commonly prescribed in critically ill patients to increase the urine output and prevent fluid overload (FO) and acute kidney injury (AKI), but not supported by conclusive evidence. There remain conflicting findings on whether furosemide associates with AKI and adverse outcomes. Information on the impact of furosemide on adverse outcomes in a general population of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) is limited. The aim of the cohort study was to investigate the associations of furosemide with AKI and clinical outcomes in critically ill children.Study Design: We retrospectively reviewed a cohort of 456 critically ill children consecutively admitted to PICU from January to December 2016. The exposure of interest was the use of furosemide in the first week after admission. FO was defined as ≥5% of daily fluid accumulation, and mean FO was considered significant when mean daily fluid accumulation during the first week was ≥5%. The primary outcomes were AKI in the first week after admission and mortality during PICU stay. AKI diagnosis was based on Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria with both serum creatinine and urine output.Results: Furosemide exposure occurred in 43.4% of all patients (n = 456) and 49.3% of those who developed FO (n = 150) in the first week after admission. Patients who were exposed to furosemide had significantly less degree of mean daily fluid accumulation than those who were not (1.10 [−0.33 to 2.61%] vs. 2.00 [0.54–3.70%], P &lt; 0.001). There was no difference in the occurrence of AKI between patients who did and did not receive furosemide (22 of 198 [11.1%] vs. 36 of 258 [14.0%], P = 0.397). The mortality rate was 15.4% (70 of 456), and death occurred more frequently among patients who received furosemide than among those who did not (21.7 vs. 10.5%, P = 0.002). Furosemide exposure was associated with increased odds for mortality in a multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for body weight, gender, illness severity assessed by PRISM III score, the presence of mean FO, and AKI stage [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.95; 95%CI, 1.08–3.52; P = 0.026].Conclusion: Exposure to furosemide might be associated with increased risk for mortality, but not AKI, in critically ill children.
Ginsenoside Rg1-Notoginsenoside R1-Protocatechuic Aldehyde Reduces Atherosclerosis and Attenuates Low-Shear Stress-Induced Vascular Endothelial Cell Dysfunction
Authors: Zhang Lei , Li Yuan , Ma Xin , Liu Jiali , Wang Xiaojie , Zhang Lingxiao , Li Chao , Li Yunlun , Yang Wenqing 
Published: January 2021

Background: The Fufang Danshen formula is a clinically important anti-atherosclerotic preparation in traditional Chinese medicine. However, its anti-atherosclerotic effect is not well recognized, and the mechanisms of its combined active ingredients, namely Ginsenoside Rg1-Notoginsenoside R1-Protocatechuic aldehyde (RRP), remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-atherosclerotic effects and potential mechanism of RRP in ApoE−/− mice and in low-shear stress-injured vascular endothelial cells.Methods: ApoE−/− mice were randomly divided into three groups: model group, rosuvastatin group, and RRP group, with C57BL/6J mice as the control group. Oil-red O, hematoxylin and eosin, Masson, and Movat staining were utilized for the observation of aortic plaque. Changes in the blood lipid indexes were observed with an automatic biochemistry analyzer. ET-1, eNOS, TXA2, and PGI2 levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In vitro, a fluid shear stress system was used to induce cell injury. Piezo1 expression in HUVECs was silenced using siRNA. Changes in morphology, proliferation, migration, and tube formation activity of cells were observed after RRP treatment. Quantitative Real-Time PCR and western blot analysis were employed to monitor mRNA and protein expression.Results: RRP treatment reduced the atherosclerotic area and lipid levels and improved endothelial function in ApoE−/− mice. RRP significantly repaired cell morphology, reduced excessive cell proliferation, and ameliorated migration and tube formation activity. In addition, RRP affected the FAK-PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Importantly, Piezo1 silencing abolished the protective effects of RRP.Conclusion: RRP has anti-atherosclerotic effects and antagonizes endothelial cell damage via modulating the FAK-PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Piezo1 is a possible target of RRP in the treatment of atherosclerosis. Thus, RRP has promising therapeutic potential and broad application prospect for atherosclerosis.
A Phase I Clinical Study Comparing the Tolerance, Immunogenicity, and Pharmacokinetics of Proposed Biosimilar BAT1806 and Reference Tocilizumab in Healthy Chinese Men
Authors: Zhang Hong , Wang Hong , Wei Haijing , Chen Hong , Liu Jingrui , Li Cuiyun , Zhu Xiaoxue , Li Xiaojiao , Yu Jinchen , Zhou Yinbo , Yang Xiaolei , Wang Zhaohe , Wu Min , Ding Yanhua 
Published: January 2021

Objective: The study aimed to explore the bioequivalence of a proposed biosimilar BAT1806 to its reference products marketed in the EU and US (RoActemra-EU and Actemra-US) among healthy Chinese men. The tolerance, immunogenicity, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of the three drugs were also investigated.Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, single-dose, three-arm, parallel study, a single-dose of 4 mg/kg of the reference products, or the biosimilar was administered to the participants. The participants were followed up for 57 days, and PK, immunogenicity, and tolerance evaluations were completed during this period.Results: The PK parameters were similar in all three groups: BAT1806 (n = 45), RoActemra-EU (n = 42), and Actemra-US (n = 42). The 90% confidence intervals (CIs) for the ratios of Cmax, AUC0–t and AUC0–∞ were 86.90–104.41% for BAT1806 vs. RoActemra-EU, 91.70–106.15% for BAT1806 vs Actemra-US, and 90.04–105.53% for Actemra-US vs RoActemra-EU. For all comparisons, the 90% CIs for the Cmax, AUC0–t, and AUC0–∞ were within the predefined bioequivalence limit of 80.00–125.00%. The intersubject variability ranged from 14.5% to 21.5%, which was considerably low. Among the participants, 19 (42.2%), 10 (23.8%), and 12 (28.6%) from the BAT1806, RoActemra-EU, and Actemra-US groups were, respectively, found to be positive for anti-drug antibodies, while 14 (31.1%), nine (21.4%), and 12 (28.6%) were positive for neutralizing antibodies. Nevertheless, these antibodies did not affect the drug concentrations, and the outcomes in the bioequivalence tests were similar after sensitivity analysis. Treatment-related and treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were recorded in 27, 34, and 32 participants in the BAT1806, RoActemra-EU, and Actemra-US groups, respectively. The most common treatment-related adverse events observed were a decrease in neutrophil, and white blood cell counts.Conclusion: The PK characteristics of BAT1806 were similar to those of the reference products, RoActemra-EU and Actemra-US. Both BAT1806 and the reference products exhibited low intersubject variability and similar safety profiles.Clinical trial registration number:http://www.chinadrugtrials.org.cn/index.html, CTR20180039; https://clinicaltrials.gov/NCT03606876
Self-Rated Healthy Life Expectancy Changes in Jiangxi Province of China by Gender and Urban–Rural Differences, 2013–2018
Authors: Liu Zhitao , Zheng Huilie , Wu Yuhang , Wang Shengwei , Liu Yong , Hu Songbo 
Published: January 2021

Background: Globalization has brought about rapid economic and technological development, and life expectancy (LE) is constantly increasing. However, it is not clear whether an increase in LE will result in an increase in healthy life expectancy (HLE). This study evaluates trends in the self-rated healthy life expectancy (SRHLE) of residents aged 15 and older in Jiangxi Province of China from 2013 to 2018 and analyzes gender differences and urban–rural differences. This study provides a basis for the formulation of relevant public health policies.Methods: Based on two National Health Services Survey databases of Jiangxi in 2013 and 2018 as well as infant mortality rates and under-5 mortality rates from the Health Commission of Jiangxi, the Sullivan method was used to calculate SRHLE. The changes in SRHLE were decomposed into health and mortality effects using the decomposition method.Results: SRHLE decreased from 56.55 to 55.54 years and from 60.00 to 57.87 years for men and women aged 15 from 2013 to 2018, respectively. The SRHLE of women aged 15 was 3.45 and 2.34 years longer than that of men in 2013 and 2018, respectively. The SRHLE of urban men aged 15 was 2.9 and 4.46 years longer than that of rural men in 2013 and 2018, respectively, and that of urban women aged 15 was 3.28 and 5.57 years longer than that of rural women.Conclusions: The decreased SRHLE indicated that the self-rated health (SRH) status of residents in Jiangxi has worsened, and it provided evidence for the expansion of morbidity, mainly due to the increased prevalence of chronic diseases and the improvement in residents' health awareness. Policy efforts are necessary to control the increased morbidity of chronic diseases and reduce gender and urban–rural differences in the quantity and quality of years lived.
Model-Based Fiber Diameter Determination Approach to Fine Particulate Matter Fraction (PM2.5) Removal in HVAC Systems
Authors: Drąg Marlena 
Published: January 2021

Particulate Matter (PM) is a general term to classify air pollutants consisting of airborne particles. The particles vary in composition and size, and the sizes of particles range from 2.5 µm (PM2.5) to 10 µm (PM10). Anthropogenic activity (e.g., industrial processes or fuel/waste combustion) stands as the main emission source of PM. Due to the fact that indoor PM penetrates from the outside to indoor air, Heating, Ventilation, and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) filtration systems may play a significant role in decreasing air pollution indoors. The section of the respiratory tract affected by particulate matter depends on the particle size. The smaller the fraction, the more deeply it can enter into lungs and bronchi, causing a series of health problems. Conventional electret air filters applied in HVAC systems are not able to efficiently remove PM2.5 (e.g., huge gaps between thick fibers and unintentional elimination of electrostatic effects). The electrospinning process allows for the production of fibers of diverse diameters, including ultrathin yarns. The following work presents the axial length scale χχ estimation method for the given conditions and experimental results. According to this approach, it is possible to find out what parameters should be used to produce materials at certain fiber diameters and to capture fine particulate matter fractions (PM2.5). This research refers to poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) fibers. The most important advantages, limitations, and challenges of the presented methodology are detected and discussed in this work.
GPs’ awareness of car driving among oldest patients: exploratory results from a primary care cohort
Authors: Leve Verena , Pentzek Michael , Fuchs Angela , Bickel Horst , Weeg Dagmar , Weyerer Siegfried , Werle Jochen , König Hans-Helmut , Hajek André , Lühmann Dagmar , van den Bussche Hendrik , Wiese Birgitt , Oey Anke , Heser Kathrin , Wagner Michael , Luppa Melanie , Röhr Susanne , Maier Wolfgang , Scherer Martin , Kaduszkiewicz Hanna , Riedel-Heller Steffi G ,   for the AgeCoDe/AgeQualiDe Study Group
Published: January 2021

BackgroundIncreasingly more very old people are active drivers. Sensory, motor and cognitive limitations, and medication can increase safety risks. Timely attention to driving safety in the patient–doctor relationship can promote patient-centred solutions.AimTo explore the following questions: do GPs know which patients drive a car? Is fitness to drive addressed with patients?Design & settingCross-sectional data from patient interviews and GP survey in the ninth follow-up phase of a prospective primary care cohort (the German Study on Ageing, Cognition and Dementia in Primary Care Patients (AgeCoDe) and the Study on Needs, Health Service Use, Costs and Health-Related Quality of Life in a large sample of ‘oldest-old’ primary care patients (≥85 years; AgeQualiDe)) .MethodThe sample consisted of patients in the age group ≥85 years and their GPs. Independent reports were gathered on driving activity from the GP and the patient, and information was gained from GPs on whether driving ability was discussed with the patient. Statistical analyses included validity parameters and bivariate characterisation of subgroups (non-parametric significance tests, effect size).ResultsSelf-reports of 553 patients were available (69.5% female; mean age 90.5 years; 15.9% drive a car). For 427 patients, GP data were also available: GPs recognised 67.1% correctly as drivers and 94.9% as non-drivers. GPs said that they had discussed fitness to drive with 32.1% of potentially driving patients. Among drivers who were not recognised and with whom driving had not been discussed, there were more patients with a low educational level.ConclusionThe GP’s assessment of driving activity among very old patients showed moderate sensitivity and good specificity. Driving ability was seldom discussed. Asking an appropriate question during assessment could increase GPs’ awareness of older patients’ automobility.