bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Alamandine Glycoside Analogues as New Drug Candidates to Antagonize the MrgD Receptor for Pain Relief
Authors: Alabsi Wafaa , Jaynes Timothy , Alqahtani Tariq , Szabo Lajos , Sun Daekyu , Vanderah Todd W. , Mansour Heidi M. , Polt Robin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Two series of putatively brain-penetrant alamandine glycosides have been prepared for screening against the MrgD receptor. One series has retained the first 6 residues of the alamandine sequence (ARVYIH), replacing the terminal proline (P) with serine (S) glycosides at the C-terminus. In the second series, the alteration of the steric bulk was performed by changing the initial alanine (A) residue with glycine (G); D-alanine (a); nor-valine (norV); D-nor-valine (D-norV); valine (V); and D-nor-valine (v) with keeping the serine-beta-D-glucoside (S-Glc) at the C-terminus. All the peptides and glycopeptides were synthesized as their C-terminal amide. The purity of native alamandine and its eleven selected derivatives was confirmed using analytical HPLC. Also, the molecular weight and chemical composition were confirmed using mass spectroscopy. The MrgD receptor expression was evaluated in rationally chosen human cell lines, A549 and HEK 293. Both cell lines showed the presence of the MrgD receptor around 35 kDa, as confirmed by western blot analysis. The effect of varying concentrations of some alamandine derivatives on cell viability was evaluated on HEK 293 and A549 cell lines.
The Use of Lectins as Tools to Combat SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Martinez Daniela , Amaral Diego , Markovitz David , Pinto Luciano 
Published: September 2021

Background:
In December 2019, China announced the first case of an infection caused by an, until
then, unknown virus: SARS-CoV-2. Since then, researchers have been looking for viable alternatives for the
treatment and/or cure of viral infection. Among the possible complementary solutions are lectins, proteins that
are reversibly bound to different carbohydrates. The Spike protein, present on the viral surface, can interact
with different cell receptors: ACE2, CD147, and DC-SIGNR. Since lectins have an affinity for different carbohydrates,
the binding with the glycosylated cell receptors represents a possibility of preventing the virus from
binding to the receptors of host cells.

Objective:
In this review, we discuss the main lectins that are possible candidates for use in the treatment of
Covid-19, highlighting those that have already demonstrated antiviral activity in vivo and in vitro, including
mannose-binding lectin, Griffithsin, BanLec, and others. We also aim to discuss the possible mechanism of action
of lectins, which appears to occur through the mediation of viral fusion in host cells, by binding of lectins
to glycosylated receptors found in human cells and/or binding of these proteins with the spike glycoprotein, present
in virus surface. Moreover, we discuss the use of lectins in clinical practice.

Conclusion:
Even with the development of effective vaccines, new cases of viral infection with the same virus,
or new outbreaks with different viruses can occur; so, the development of new treatments should not be discarded.
Moreover, the discussions made in this work are relevant regarding the anti-viral properties of lectins.
In vitro Metabolism of Humantenine in Liver Microsomes from Human, Pig, Goat and Rat
Authors: Huang Si-Juan , Zuo Meng-Ting , Qi Xue-Jia , Ma Xiao , Wang Zi-Yuan , Liu Zhao-Ying 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Gelsemium elegans Benth（G. elegans） is a well-known toxic plant. Alkaloids are main active components of G. elegans. Currently, the metabolism of several alkaloids, such as gelsenicine, koumine, and gelsemine, has been widely studied. However, as one of the most important alkaloids in G. elegans, the metabolism of humantenine has not been studied yet.

Methods:
In order to elaborate on the in vitro metabolism of humantenine, a comparative analysis of its metabolic profile in human, pig, goat and rat liver microsomes was carried out using high-performance chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC/QqTOF-MS) for the first time.

Results:
Totally, ten metabolites of humantenine were identified in liver microsomes from human (HLMs), pig (PLMs), goat (GLMs) and rat (RLMs) based on the accurate MS/MS spectra. Five metabolic pathways of humantenine, including demethylation, dehydrogenation, oxidation, dehydrogenation and oxidation, and demethylation and oxidation, were proposed in this study. There were qualitative and quantitative species differences in the metabolism of humantenine among the four species.

Conclusions:
The in vitro metabolism of humantenine in HLMs, PLMs, GLMs and RLMs was studied by a sensitive and specific detection method based on HPLC/QqTOF-MS. The results indicated that there were species-related differences in the metabolism of humantenine. This work might be of great significance for the further research and explanation of species differences in terms of toxicological effects of G. elegans.
Phân lập và nhận diện các dòng nấm mốc hiện diện trên vỏ bưởi Da Xanh và bưởi Năm Roi được trồng ở Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long
Authors: Tâm Huỳnh Ngọc Thanh , Nguyễn Thị Kim Tươi , Toàn Hà Thanh 
Published: September 2021

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện với mục đích phân lập và nhận diện các dòng nấm mốc hiện diện trên bề mặt hai loại bưởi thường trồng ở Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long là bưởi Da xanh và bưởi Năm Roi. Kết quả cho thấy cả hai loại bưởi đều có tần suất phân lập nấm cao, với 8 dòng nấm được tìm thấy đối với mỗi giống bưởi. Các dòng nấm phân lập được xác định đặc tính hình thái và định danh theo phương pháp sinh học phân tử, sử dụng cặp mồi ITS1 và ITS4. Từ vỏ bưởi Da Xanh, các dòng nấm phân lập được là Aspergillus brunneoviolaceus, A. aculeatus, A. carbonarius, Trichoderma asperellum và Neurospora intermedia. Tương tự, việc xác định bằng giải trình tự gen trên đoạn ITS cho thấy 8 dòng phân lập được chọn lọc từ bưởi Năm Roi có mức độ đồng hình 98 ÷ 100% với A. niger, A. assiutensis, A. aculeatus, N. intermedia, Schizophyllum commune và Penicillium sp. Việc nhận diện các dòng nấm có trên vỏ bưởi là bước đầu tiên để đề xuất điều kiện tiền xử lý và bảo quản sau thu hoạch phù hợp, giúp kéo dài thời gian bảo quản bưởi tươi.
Phân tích chuỗi giá trị sản phẩm đồ gỗ xuất khẩu sử dụng nguyên liệu gỗ keo (Acacia) vùng Nam Bộ
Authors: Trần Thanh Cao , Huỳnh Thanh Nhã 
Published: September 2021

Phân tích chuỗi giá trị sản phẩm đồ gỗ xuất khẩu sử dụng nguyên liệu gỗ Keo (Acacia) ở vùng Nam Bộ nhằm mục tiêu đề xuất các chiến lược nâng cấp chuỗi giá trị để tăng cường năng lực cạnh tranh, mở rộng thị trường và nâng cao hiệu quả sản xuất. Nghiên cứu được áp dụng lý thuyết chuỗi giá trị của Kaplinsky and Morris (2001), phương pháp liên kết chuỗi giá trị của GTZ Eschborn (2007) thông qua các công cụ phân tích như: mô tả chuỗi giá trị, phân tích kinh tế chuỗi và phân tích SWOT. Dữ liệu phân tích được thu thập từ 123 quan sát. Kết quả phân tích cho thấy chuỗi giá trị có 6 chức năng cơ bản, 15 tác nhân tham gia hỗ trợ, thúc đẩy chuỗi, 4 kênh thị trường. Tại kênh phổ biến nhất, tổng giá tri gia tăng của chuỗi đạt được từ 1 m3 nguyên liệu gỗ tròn là 7.026.500 đồng/m3, tổng lợi nhuận đạt 1.585.600 đồng/m3. Hiện tại, chuỗi giá trị có 11 thuận lợi nhưng đồng thời tồn tại 13 khó khăn. Các nhóm chiến lược được đề xuất để nâng cấp chuỗi giá trịgồm: 1) cải thiện tiêu chuẩn và chất lượng sản phẩm; 2) giảm chi phí sản xuất; 3) đầu tư để tăng sản lượng, giảm thâm dụng lao động và 4) cải thiện hệ thống phân phối.
Rainfall-Runoff Simulation Using HEC-HMS Model in the Benanain Watershed, Timor Island
Authors: Bunganaen Wilhelmus , Frans John H. , Seran Yustinus Akito , Legono Djoko , Krisnayanti Denik Sri 
Published: September 2021

Floods in a watershed area are caused by reduced water recharge due to changes in land use, increasing their discharge volume. Benanain watershed is an extensive area with many tributaries. Watershed morphometrics provides initial information about the hydrological behavior and the hydrograph shape of flooding in these areas. Furthermore, rainfall-runoff modeling uses as a unit to approach the hydrological values of the flooding process. This study determines the physical characteristics of the Benanain watershed based on curve number (CN) values, land cover, peak discharge, and peak time. It was conducted on the Benanain watershed with 29 sub-watersheds covering 3,181.521 km2. Data were collected on the rainfall experienced for 13 years from 1996 to 2008 and analyzed using the Log Pearson Type III method, while the HEC HMS model was used for flood discharge analysis. HEC-HMS model must calibrate by adjusting the model parameter values until the model results match historical data such as initial abstraction, lag time, recession, baseflow values, and curve number. The results show that the curve number values range from 56.55 - 73.90, comprising secondary dryland forest and shrubs. Moreover, the rock lithology in the Benanain watershed is dominated by scaly clay and other rock blocks. This means the area has low to very low permeability, which affects the volume of runoff. The return period of a 1000-year flood discharge obtained a peak of 5,794.50 m3/s, with a peak time of ± 14 hours. Morphometry of the Temef watershed with large catchment, radial shape pattern, an average of steep slope river, and meandering affects the peak of flood discharge hydrograph and the peak time of the flood.
Internal auditors’ quality as a mediation variable in fraud prevention in the government of Jambi Province
Authors: Herawaty Netty , Haryadi Haryadi , Arum Enggar Diah Puspa , Rahayu Sri 
Published: September 2021

This study aims at examining and analyzing the effect of the government internal control system and the role of internal auditors directly and indirectly on fraud prevention through the quality of internal auditors. This study uses primary data obtained from questionnaires distributed to examiners in 11 districts/municipalities within the province and representatives of the Jambi Province Financial and Development Supervisory Agency. Sampling was carried out on the entire population, namely auditors with the functional auditor position, amounting to 272. The samples processed were 225 people. SEM-PLS has been employed as the main tool of analysis. The results showed that the government internal control system variable directly or indirectly affected fraud prevention. Meanwhile, the role of internal auditors does not directly affect fraud prevention. This variable affects fraud prevention through the mediating variable of the quality of the internal auditors as the quality of the internal auditors is said to be the full mediation.
CONTROVÉRSIAS EM TORNO DA ORIGEM DO SARS-COV-2: UM ESTUDO A PARTIR DA TEORIA ATOR-REDE
Authors: Vincentini Bárbara Silva , Dias Gabriel Ferreira , Freitas Letícia Couto , Regini Luiza Joukhadar , Schetino Luana Pereira Leite , Allain Luciana Resende 
Published: September 2021

A cartografia de controvérsias, proposta baseada na Teoria Ator-Rede, foi utilizada neste estudo como metodologia para seguir os rastros de atores (ou actantes) humanos e não humanos envolvidos na controvérsia em torno da origem do vírus causador da COVID-19. A pesquisa consistiu na escolha de reportagens que circularam na grande mídia no ano de 2020, na identificação dos atores humanos e não humanos envolvidos e de seus respectivos interesses, no estabelecimento das redes formadas pela relação dos atores entre si com base no aplicativo Gephi, e na delimitação dos cosmos, sendo eles: 1) origem laboratorial, 2) seleção natural e 3) origem desconhecida, e um último grupo considerado “oportunista”, já que não possuía um ponto de vista próprio. Dessa forma, defendemos a cartografia de controvérsias como metodologia para tratar questões controversas no ensino de ciências, por permitir que os diferentes posicionamentos em torno destas questões sejam explicitados, de modo a potencializar a participação cidadã dos estudantes em questões relativas à ciência e tecnologia.
KUALITAS LAYANAN PENDIDIKAN DI SMK MUHAMMADIYAH BRAJA SELABAH LAMPUNG TIMUR
Authors: Fiandi Yudi Uni , Sudirman Sudirman , Marzuki Marzuki 
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kualitas pelayanan pendidikan pada Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Muhammadiyah Braja selebah. Dalam penelitian ini akan di ukur layanan pendidikan berdasarkan standar nasional. Adapun penilaian kualitas layanan pendidikan pada SMK Muhammadiyah Braja Selebah menggunakan penilaian yaitu: layanan sarana prasarana, layanan tenaga pendidik atau guru, dan layanan tenaga kependidikan atau karyawan. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Data kualitatif dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif dengan tahapan yang dimulai dari Pengumpulan Data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan deskripsi hasil paparan data dan temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas pelayanan pendidikan pada SMK Muhammadiyah Braja Selabah termasuk kategori kurang baik. Dikarenakan masih ada dimensi yang belum berjalan optimal. Dengan demikian diperlukan upaya dari manajemen sekolah untuk memenuhi secara optimal fasilitas-fasilitas fisik sekolah demi terlaksananya pelayanan yang berkualitas, harus meningkatkan kualitas kopetensi guru dan profesioalitas, merumuskan dan menerapkan Prosedur Operasional secara tegas dan konsisten, pengawasan dan pengembangan kompetensi petugas layanan.
Monitoring of Groundwater Quality With Cokriging of Geochemical and Geoelectrical Measurements
Authors: Zawadzki Jarosław , Fabijańczyk Piotr , Treichel Wiktor 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The study presents the possibility of using geostatistical methods for monitoring groundwater quality. Poland is one of the largest copper producers in the world. However, the extraction and production of copper requires constant care for the natural environment. Reservoir Żelazny Most which is situated in South – Western Poland was designed to store flotation tailings out of nearby copper mines. It is one of the biggest industrial dumps in the world. The reservoir stores huge amounts of tailings and industrial water. Water migrating from dump to groundwater could be a potential source of contamination with chlorides, sulphates, heavy metals, and other hazardous substances used in ore separation process in the copper mining industry, like detergent and phenols. Monitoring system around Żelazny Most dump, which was designed to track harmful substances concentrations in groundwater, contains measuring wells and piezometers. They are used to collect groundwater samples for chemical analyses. The idea of the study was to integrate information provided by chemical analyses and geoelectrical measurements by cokriging method, utilizing correlation between electrical resistance of the soil solution and total dissolved solids concentration in groundwater. This enabled to obtain spatial distribution of total dissolved solids concentrations in groundwater at the part of eastern foreground of Żelazny Most dump.
Retail Service Quality Scale (RSQS) as an Example of Quality Service Scale Used in Traditional Trade
Authors: Ingaldi Manuela 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We make purchases almost every day. We buy some products very often (e.g. food), others less often (e.g. furniture, car). Shops, selling products to customers, are not their producers, but rather provide them with services (commercial service). It is important that the customer, after making the purchase, is satisfied not only with the product, but also with the purchasing process itself. In order to determine what are the reasons for customer satisfaction or dissatisfaction, it is necessary to assess the quality of services, i.e. the process of making purchases by customers. In the available literature, there are many methods that are used to assess the service quality. However, their use is associated with the need to identify attributes that could well describe the service provision process, but also be a source of knowledge about customer satisfaction. The Retail Service Quality Scale (RSQS) developed by Dabholkar and his colleagues is applicable to assess the quality of services provided by shops, so it can be a ready-made tool that does not require the researchers to define attributes, as would be the case when using traditional methods. The aim of the paper was to assess the quality of operation of a traditional shop using the RSQS methodology. This study was carried out using a paper questionnaire that contained the attributes proposed in the RSQS. The survey was conducted among customers of a selected shop. The analyzed results made it possible to determine the quality level of commercial services provided by the research shop and to indicate its strengths and weaknesses. Additionally, the possibility of using the ready-made RSQS scale to assess the quality of commercial services provided in Polish economic realities was confirmed.
PENGENALAN LAMBANG BILANGAN 1 SAMPAI 20 MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA GELAS PLASTIK PADA ANAK KELOMPOK B
Authors: Natalia Fitri 
Published: September 2021

Latar belakang masalah adalah permasalahan yang ditemui pada TK PGRI Desa Wiru Kecamatan Bringin Kabupaten Semarang berdasarkan informasi yang diperoleh dari guru melalui kegiatan observasi awal yang dilakukan antara lain adalah guru kurang mengoptimalkan proses belajar karena proses yang ditekankan pada anak didik adalah bermain, walaupun disela-sela prosesnya dimasukkan unsur belajar mengenal angka.Masalah yang dirumuskan adalah; Apakah penggunaan media gelas plastik dapat meningkatkan aktivitas siswa dalam pengenalan lambang bilangan 1 sampai 20 pada anak TK PGRI Desa Wiru Kecamatan Bringin ?.Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas dengan subyek penelitian 22 orang siswa. Pengumpulan data dengan lembar observasi sedangkan analisisnya adalah analisis kualitatif. Pembelajaran dinyatakan berhasil apabila ketuntasannya mencapai > 80%.Aktivitas belajar siswa dalam pengenalan bilangan 1sampai 20 dari gelas plastik juga mengalami peningkatan, yaitu pada siklus I dari 13 aspek ada 1 aspek yang masuk dalam kategori baik dengan skor rata-rata 2,38, sedangkan pada siklus II mencapai 13 aspek yang masuk dalam kategori baik ada 10 aspek dengan skor rata-rata 3,73 kemampuan siswa dalam pengenalan lambang bilangan 1-20 juga mengalami peningkatan, semula pada pra siklus mencapai 27,2% kemudian pada siklus I ketuntasan baru mencapai 54,5% anak yang berkembang, pada siklus II ketuntasannya mencapai 86,3% anak yang berkembang.
Potensi Cendawan Endofit pada Tanaman Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) untuk Mengendalikan Botryodiplodia theobromae Pat. Penyebab Mati Pucuk pada Bibit Jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba (Roxb.) Miq)
Authors: Istikorini Yunik 
Published: September 2021

Endophytic fungi provides potential advantages as biocontrol agents in the plant. Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) is a medicinal plant which can potentially overcome many kinds of diseases. The dieback disease is caused by Botryodiplodia theobromae Pat. that may lead the death of the host. The objective of this research was to analyze the potency of endophytic fungi from binahong leaves to control the fungus B. theobromae as causal agent of dieback disease on jabon (Anthocepalus cadamba). The isolates of endophytic fungi from binahong used were bnh1.1, bnh1.2, bnh1.3, bnh4.2, bnh4.5, bnh3.3 and bnh3.4. The antifungal effect of endophytic fungi againts colony growth of virulent B. theobromae were tested in vitro. The results showed that all endophytic fungus (7 isolates) inhibited the colony development of B. theobromae ranging from 28.52%-52.22%. Treatment with endophytic fungi bnh4.5 and bnh4.2 had protected jabon from virulent B. theobromae. It has been expressed by the delay of the incubation period and the decreasing of disease severity (respectively 33.34% and 40.84%. Key words: Anredera cordifolia, Botryodiplodia theobromae, disease incidence, endophytic fungi
Efek Timbal (Pb) Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Adaptabilitas Acacia mangium Pada Tailing Emas
Authors: Winata Bayu , Wasis Basuki , Setiadi Yadi 
Published: September 2021

Gold mining is a human activity with high environmental risk through its tailing, due to the heavy metals content. Lead (Pb) is one of dangerous heavy metals in the world, because its toxicity to organism and environment. Phytoremediation is a method to remove hazard pollutant from environment by using plant. Acacia mangium is fast growing and pioneer tree species which mostly grow on the secondary forest as well as marginal land. Usually, this species is used for revegetation on postmining land. Study on Pb effect to A. mangium is an important issue to support phytoremediation advancement as well as for forest restoration. This study aimed to analyze the effect of Pb with several levels toward the growth and adptability of A. mangium on the gold tailing. The results showed that Pb increment on tailing were significantly effect on the growth and adaptability of the plants. A. mangium showed a well performance even on 900 mg Pb/kg tailing with high tolerance index (TI > 100%). Moreover, this species had ability to accumulate Pb in the root higher than shoot tissue. A. mangium had a good potency as phitoremediant plant, also as revegetation plant on the marginal land, such as on the gold mining tailing. Key words: Acacia mangium, heavy metal, lead, phytoremediation, Pb
Asosiasi Ramin (Gonystylus bancanus (Miq.) Kurz) dengan Jenis Dominan di IUPHHK-HA PT Diamond Raya Timber, Riau
Authors: Istomo Istomo , Sufaidah Ida 
Published: September 2021

Ramin is one of slow growing spesies, have a medium until big measurement, have a silindris stem, high total reach 40-50 m with DBH reach 120 cm. The purpose of this research is to know association between ramin (Gonystylus bancanus (Miq.) Kurz) and dominan species in IUPHHK-HA PT Diamond Raya Timber, Riau. Vegetation analysis used combination method between strip and line compartment method. Result showed that no one of dominan species have association with Gonystylus bancanus in tree and pole level at IUPHHK-HA PT DRT. Although there is no species in pole level that have association with Gonystylus bancanus, but there is tendency that Gonystylus bancanus have positive association with Palaquium obovatum, Urandra scorpioides, Carallia brachiata, and have negative association with Artocarpus teysmanii and Eugenia sp. At tree level Gonystylus bancanus have a tendency that have positive association with Shorea uliginosa, Palaquium obovatum, Eugenia sp., Horsfieldia glabra, and have negative association with Aglaia rubiginosa and Mangifera foetida.
Keywords: Association, combination, dominan species, Gonystylus bancanus, growing spesies
Komposisi Jenis dan Regenerasi Alami Mangrove Di BKPH Ujung-Krawang, KPH Bogor, Jawa Barat
Authors: Kusmana Cecep , Siregar Yustika 
Published: September 2021

The mangrove forests in BKPH Ujung-Krawang is a protected forest that has been degraded by human activities. This study aims to identifying the species composition and elucidating the structure and regeneration mangrove forests in BKPH Ujung-Krawang, KPH Bogor, West Java. This research carries out in two location (Muara Gembong and RPH RPH Singkil), with the condition of mangrove forests are degraded due to the forest conversion into fishpond, fish farming, and housing areas on large scale. Mangrove forest composition consisted by api-api (Avicennia sp.), pedada (Sonneratia sp.) and buta-buta (Excoecaria agallocha). Based on observation, mangrove forests regeneration in RPH Muara Gembong categorized as “good “caused number of seedlings is more than sapling and “fair” in RPH Singkil caused number trees is greater than the level of the regeneration (sapling and seedling).
Keywords: KPH Bogor, mangrove forest, natural regeneration, species composition, Ujung-Krawang