bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Colon cancer cells secreted CXCL11 via RBP‐Jκ to facilitated tumour‐associated macrophage‐induced cancer metastasis
Authors: Liu Mengjie , Fu Xiao , Jiang Lili , Ma Jiequn , Zheng Xiaoqiang , Wang Shuhong , Guo Hui , Tian Tao , Nan Kejun , Wang Wenjuan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMetastasis is the main cause of colon cancer‐related deaths. RBP‐Jκ is involved in colon cancer development, but its function in colon cancer metastasis is still unclear. Tumour‐associated macrophages are the main cell components in tumour microenvironments. Here, we aimed to determine the function of RBP‐Jκ in colon cancer metastasis and its underlying mechanisms for modulating interactions between colon cancer cell and tumour‐associated macrophages. Through bioinformation analysis, we found that RBP‐Jκ was overexpressed in colon cancer tissues and associated with advanced colon cancer phenotypes, macrophage infiltration and shorter survival overall as confirmed by our patients’ data. And our patients’ data show that RBP‐Jκ expression and tumour‐associated macrophages infiltration are associated with colon cancer metastasis and are independent prognostic factors for colon cancer patients. Tumour‐associated macrophages induced colon cancer cell migration, invasion and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition through secreting TGF‐β1. Colon cancer cells with high RBP‐Jκ expression induced the expression of TGF‐β1 in tumour‐associated macrophages by secreting CXCL11. Our research revealed that colon cancer cells secreted CXCL11 via overexpression of RBP‐Jκ to enhance the expression of TGF‐β1 in tumour‐associated macrophages to further promote metastasis of colon cancer cells.
Evolution of seed mass associated with mating systems in multiple plant families
Authors: Tateyama Hirofumi , Chimura Kaori , Tsuchimatsu Takashi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn flowering plants, the evolution of self‐fertilization (selfing) from obligate outcrossing is regarded as one of the most prevalent evolutionary transitions. The evolution of selfing is often accompanied by various changes in genomic, physiological and morphological properties. In particular, a set of reproductive traits observed typically in selfing species is called the “selfing syndrome”. A mathematical model based on the kinship theory of genetic imprinting predicted that seed mass should become smaller in selfing species compared with outcrossing congeners, as a consequence of the reduced conflict between maternally and paternally derived alleles in selfing plants. Here, we test this prediction by examining the association between mating system and seed mass across a wide range of taxa (642 species), considering potential confounding factors: phylogenetic relationships and growth form. We focused on three plant families—Solanaceae, Brassicaceae and Asteraceae—where information on mating systems is abundant, and the analysis was performed for each family separately. When phylogenetic relationships were controlled, we consistently observed that selfers (represented by self‐compatible species) tended to have a smaller seed mass compared with outcrossers (represented by self‐incompatible species) in these families. In summary, our analysis suggests that small seeds should also be considered a hallmark of the selfing syndrome, although we note that mating systems have relatively small effects on seed mass variation.
Adsorption of PCE in alkali‐activated materials analysed by fluorescence microscopy
Authors: Wetzel Alexander , Link Janna , Middendorf Bernhard 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe realisation of high‐performance concrete mixtures requires the use of superplasticizers to achieve a low water/binder ratio and thus high strengths. Polycarboxylate ethers (PCE) are mostly used as superplasticizers. The effectiveness of these superplasticizers depends on their chemical structure, the binders’ alkaline environment and the ions present in the pore solution of the binder. In high alkaline systems like some alkali‐activated materials no effective superplasticizer have been found yet. To unravel the compatibility of certain PCE to such a highly alkaline system a fluorescence microscopy approach was used. In first experiments, the adsorption of APEG (allyl ether) and MPEG (methacrylate) PCE on ground granulated blast furnace slag and fly ash was investigated varying the concentration of the activators. At a certain concentration, a complexation of the PCE can be recognised in fluorescence microscope. APEG shows a better stability compared to MPEG; this correlates with rheological investigations.
Hearing test results of newborns born from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) infected mothers: A tertiary center experience in Turkey
Authors: Yıldız Gazi , Kurt Didar , Mat Emre , Yıldız Pınar , Başol Gülfem , Gündogdu Elif Cansu , Kuru Betül , Topcu Bahtisen , Kale Ahmet 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveCongenital infections can cause newborn hearing loss. Although vertical transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) infection is theoretically possible, this has not been proven yet. To our knowledge, there is no previous report on whether COVID‐19 infection during pregnancy can cause congenital hearing loss. This paper aimed to find an answer to this question.MethodThis retrospective, single‐center study was performed between April 2020 and May 2021 at a tertiary care referral center in Turkey. A total of 422 pregnant women who had coronavirus infection during pregnancy were followed and 203 of them gave birth in our institution. Results of hearing screening tests of 199 newborns were assessed retrospectively.ResultsOf patients included in the study, 23 (11.6%) had the disease in the first trimester, 62 (31.2%) in the second trimester, and 114 (57.3%) in the third trimester. In the first hearing test performed on newborns, unilateral hearing loss was observed in 21 babies (10.5%). Hearing tests of these newborns were found to be normal in the second test performed 15 days later.ConclusionConsidering the incidence of congenital hearing loss, the absence of hearing loss in our newborn population does not confirm the argument that coronavirus infection does not cause congenital hearing loss. This issue should be evaluated with larger patient series. In addition, it should be kept in mind that hearing loss can occur at later ages as well.
How Do People Disclose Their Mild‐To‐Moderate Hearing Loss?1,2
Authors: Katsuya Noriko , Sano Tomoko 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study used the Trajectory Equifinality Approach (TEA) to examine how people with acquired hearing loss and who are hard of hearing, without physical disability certificates, disclose their hearing loss. Eleven people with hearing loss participated in semi‐structured interviews. They talked about the process of their disclosure of their hearing loss from the time they became aware of it to the present. Participants who used not to actively disclose their hearing loss problem were divided into four types. These types were different in coping behaviors for hearing loss, perceptions of hearing‐loss problems, and the turning point (bifurcation point [BFP]) for the disclosure of hearing loss. The psychological support necessary for each type of person with hearing loss was discussed.
Terpene synthases in cucumber (Cucumis sativus) and their contribution to herbivore‐induced volatile terpenoid emission
Authors: He Jun , Verstappen Francel , Jiao Ao , Dicke Marcel , Bouwmeester Harro J. , Kappers Iris F. 
Published: October 2021

SummaryTerpenoids play important roles in flavour, pollinator attraction and defence of plants. In cucumber (Cucumis sativus) they are important components of the herbivore‐induced plant volatile blend that attracts natural enemies of herbivores.We annotated the cucumberTERPENE SYNTHASEgene (CsTPS) family and characterized their involvement in the response towards herbivores with different feeding guilds using a combined molecular and biochemical approach.Transcripts of multipleCsTPSgenes were upregulated in leaves upon herbivory and the products generated by the expressed proteins match the terpenoids recorded in the volatile blend released by herbivore‐damaged leaves. Spatial and temporal analysis of the promoter activity ofCsTPSgenes showed that cell content‐feeding spider mites (Tetranychus urticae) and thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) induced promoter activity ofCsTPS9andCsTPS19within hours after initiation of infestation, while phloem‐feeding aphids (Myzus persicae) inducedCsTPS2promoter activity.Our findings offer detailed insights into the involvement of theTPSgene family in the dynamics and fine‐tuning of the emission of herbivore‐induced plant volatiles in cucumber, and open a new avenue to understand molecular mechanisms that affect plant–herbivore interactions.
Exogenous progesterone‐dependent modulation in the follicular dynamics of Bos indicus cattle undergoing repeated ovum pick‐up sessions
Authors: Nawaz Mudussar , Saleem Muhammad , Ullah Farid , Shabbir Khan Ghulam , Zahoor Imran , Ahmad Nasim , Riaz Amjad 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe objective of the present study was to evaluate the role of serum progesterone (P4) in follicular dynamics, oocytes’ recovery and quality and their in vitro developmental competence during consecutive ovum pick‐up (OPU) sessions in Bos indicus dairy cows. Wave‐synchronized Sahiwal cattle (n = 20) were randomly divided into treatment (n = 10) and control (n = 10) groups. CIDR was used as a source of external progesterone in the treatment group. Four consecutive OPU sessions at 96‐hr intervals were conducted and repeated ultrasonography at 12‐hr intervals was done to monitor follicular dynamics. The viable oocytes were processed for IVC following IVM and IVF until day 7. The serum P4 concentrations in the P4 and control groups were recorded as 2.31 ± 0.059 versus.0.32 ± 0.065 ng/ml, respectively (p < .05). In the treatment group, the total number of recorded follicles was higher (p < .05; 12.05 ± 0.37 versus. 10.87 ± 0.40), whilst the growth rate (mm/day) of follicles was lower (p > .05). Per session recovered oocytes (5.31 ± 0.19 versus. 3.58 ± 0.21; p < .0001) and recovery rate (54.23 versus. 42.53%; p < .05) were also higher in the treatment group compared to control. Similarly, the viable oocytes (4.54 ± 0.187 versus. 3.06 ± 0.199) and the number of grade I and II oocytes per session (3.37 ± 0.196 versus. 2.06 ± 0.21) were higher (p < .05) in the treatment group compared with the control group. However, the nuclear maturation, cleavage, and blastocyst rate did not differ (p > .05) between the groups. Taken together, during OPU sessions, serum P4 improves oocytes’ recovery and quality, whilst does not affect the in vitro developmental competence of recovered oocytes.
Is Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication as Effective as Vaccination for Preventing Virus Diffusion? Measuring the Impacts of Failure in CERC with MERS‐CoV Outbreak in South Korea
Authors: Yoon Ho Young 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study measured the impacts of failure in Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication (CERC) during the outbreak of a contagious Corona viral disease. The study measured the impacts by the number of individuals and hospitals exposed to the virus. The 2015 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) outbreak in South Korea was used to investigate the consequences of CERC failure, where the names of hospitals exposed to MERS‐CoV were withheld from the public during the early stage of virus diffusion. Empirical data analyses and simulated model tests were conducted. The findings of analyses and tests show that an early announcement of the hospital names and publicizing the necessary preventive measures could have reduced the rate of infection by approximately 85% and the number of contaminated healthcare facilities by 39% at maximum. This level of reduction is comparable to that of vaccination and of social distancing.
Korean Relative Clauses: Metonymy, Zone Activation, and Reference Point*
Authors: Park Chongwon 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis article develops an analysis of three types of Korean Relative Clauses (RCs) from a Cognitive Grammar perspective. The three types under examination are the Internally Headed RC Construction (IHRCC), the Externally Headed RC Construction (EHRCC), and the Double RC Construction (DRCC) which is a subtype of the EHRCC. It is demonstrated that the notion of metonymy helps us properly tease out the nature and provide a uniform account of the hitherto neglected Korean RC constructions. The “mismatch” observed between the syntactic object and the semantic head in the IHRCC is nothing but a case of the active‐zone/profile discrepancy. The putative island constraint or subjacency violations in the EHRC and the DRCC are not an issue because the head nominals in those examples are associated with reference points that are exocentrically‐created and thus exist outside of the inner RCs.
In vitro compatibility testing of canine and rabbit blood
Authors: Cutler Simone M. , Richardson Jenna , Eatwell Kevin , Llewellyn Efa A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the in vitro compatibility of rabbit and canine blood using both a tube and slide agglutination crossmatch technique and to compare the results obtained from these 2 methods.DesignProspective observational laboratory study from January to March 2020.SettingUniversity veterinary teaching hospital.AnimalsSix client‐owned rabbits ≥3.5 kg undergoing phlebotomy for a clinical reason. “Pigtail” blood samples from 3 dog erythrocyte antigen (DEA) 1‐positive and 3 DEA 1‐negative canine packed red blood cell units.InterventionsBlood from each rabbit was crossmatched with a single unit of canine blood using both a standard laboratory tube agglutination technique and a simple slide agglutination method with each rabbit/canine unit serving as its own intraassay control. Tube crossmatches were evaluated for agglutination both macro‐ and microscopically and assessed for hemolysis. Slide crossmatches were assessed for the presence of agglutination both macro‐ and microscopically. Measurements and Main ResultsAll crossmatches were incompatible. Varying degrees of agglutination were seen for all crossmatches. Hemolysis was observed with all minor tube crossmatches. Results of both crossmatch techniques were in close agreement. ConclusionsThe crossmatch results in this present study strongly demonstrate in vitro incompatibility between canine and rabbit blood. Agreement between the 2 techniques in this study indicates that the slide agglutination technique may be quicker, require less blood, and provide reliable results in exclusively assessing the compatibility of canine and rabbit blood. Based on the results of this study, emergency xenotransfusion of canine blood to rabbits cannot be recommended.
Imprinted Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Vascular Networks for Creating Self-Healing Wind Turbine Blades
Authors: Amano Ryoichi S. , Lewinski Giovanni , Shen Rulin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Self-healing wind turbine blades can reduce costs associated with maintenance, repair, and energy compensation. Self-healing is the ability to sustain and recover from damage autonomously. We discuss the efforts made to optimize the self-healing properties of wind turbine blades and provide a new system to maximize this offset. This system utilizes vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM), and 3D printed templates to imprint a vascular network onto a single glass fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) sheet. This imprinted layer is infused with Grubbs first-generation catalyst and filled with dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) which is then sealed using plastic sheeting. The sealed imprint layer is embedded into a larger multilayer FRP prior to VARTM. After VARTM, the completed multilayer FRP is fully capable of self-healing microcracks. Three-dimensional printed templates with square grid and hexagonal patterns were used to evaluate how differences in DCPD distribution affect overall recovery. Three-point bending tests were performed to obtain the maximum flexural strengths of the FRP samples before and after self-healing to evaluate recovery. Overall, with the imprint layer method, the catalyst was focused in one area of the complete FRP, reducing the amount of unused catalyst present in the FRP. Also, the samples created using the imprint method were able to achieve a maximum average recovery of over 200% and a storage efficiency of 100%.
Singular and Nonsingular Kernels Aspect of Time-Fractional Coupled Spring-Mass System
Authors: Jena Rajarama Mohan , Chakraverty Snehashish 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Dynamical behaviors of the time-fractional nonlinear model of the coupled spring-mass system with damping have been explored here. Fractional derivatives with singular and nonsingular kernels are used to assess the suggested model. The fractional Adams–Bashforth numerical method based on Lagrange polynomial interpolation is applied to solve the system with nonlocal operators. Existence, Ulam–Hyers stability, and uniqueness of the solution are established by using fixed-point theory and nonlinear analysis. Further, the error analysis of the present method has also been included. Finally, the behavior of the solution is explained by graphical representations through numerical simulations.
Scenario Development for Nuclear Emergency Decision Deduction Training Platform for Radiographers in Developing Countries (Case Study, Ghana)
Authors: Oforiwaa Priscilla Obeng , Manchun Liang , Chao Zhang , Guofeng Su , Ke Li 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Nuclear Radiological accident is of great threat to the Nuclear Agency aside nuclear terrorism. In countries with little or no major nuclear infrastructural facilities, it is of great importance to educate stakeholders and employees in the handling and emergency decision involved in the usage of these radionuclides, thus training on this platform gives the maximum and technical know-how in cases where it is difficult to procure types of equipment needed for such educational exercise in real life. Ghana is a country that seeks to increase the use of nuclear technological applications. Sealed Radioactive Sources are used in Ghana for research, Agriculture, mining exploration and brachytherapy. Operators need to train immensely in the handling of these sources.
The NEDDTP is a software system to help conduct training and emergency exercises simulation. The NEDDTP is developed by the China Nuclear Security center of excellence with the aim of performing the simulation and training of radiographers and emergency workers in the nuclear industry. This training platform gives a 3D real-life training scenarios, emergency simulation, command and dispatch, Process record and evaluation in exercise with virtual reality display for radiological worker. This paper elaborates on the process for scenario design, types of scenario development for different types of radiological accidents and the stages involved in training with these scenarios.
System Modelling Approach of Radionuclide Soil-to-Plant Transfer for Nuclear Emergencies Decision; Case Study - China
Authors: Oforiwaa Priscilla Obeng , Manchun Liang , Guofeng Su 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Nuclear Energy Development is gradually gaining root in the energy mix of the Chinese society. It is quite evident to develop all possible emergency evaluation situation in the event of nuclear energy. Nuclear Emergency falls under the relative serious emergency incident grades according to the degree of social harm done and the extent of repercussions and other factors.
This paper illustrates system modelling predictions of the transfer of radiocesium from soil-to-plant during nuclear emergency. Planned discharges of radionuclides are passed by mathematical models that can be used as tools to evaluate the effective ways of countermeasure actions in an event of an emergency.
The empirical approach often associates with considerably uncertainty due to the large variability in the transfer factor The mechanistic approach also presents complexities and a large amount of specific parameters makes this approach impractical for nuclear emergency preparedness and response purposes.
The semi-mechanistic approach factorizes more soil and plant parameters than the empirical approach. Therefore, it is applicable to a wider range of environmental conditions. The nuclear emergency adapts the parameterization of the Absalom model which is sufficiently robust and practical, hence fit more for the purpose of planning and responding to nuclear emergencies as compared to the empirical and mechanistic approaches.
Numerical Evaluation of Sodium-Water Reaction Based on Engineering Approach With Particle Method
Authors: Kosaka Wataru , Uchibori Akihiro , Yanagisawa Hideki , Takata Takashi , Jang Sunghyon 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
For safety assessment or design of a steam generator (SG) of a sodium-cooled fast reactor, it is important to evaluate the effects of a multiphase flow involving sodium-water reaction. If pressurized water/water-vapor leaks from a tube, it forms a corrosive, high-temperature, and high-velocity jet, and may cause failure of the adjacent tubes. The occurrence of tube failure on many tubes will lead to failure of the boundary between the primary and secondary cooling loops.
The numerical analysis code, LEAP-III, has been developed to evaluate water leak rate considering the effects of the above-mentioned phenomena with short computational time. In some cases, however, the current LEAP-III provides excessive conservativeness due to its temperature distribution evaluation model.
In order to reduce this excess, we have developed a new Lagrange particle method with several engineering approaches. We also performed test analyses which simulate time development of the vapor jet with chemical reaction in a SG. The results of the developed method were compared with ones of the multi-dimensional multiphase thermal hydraulic analysis code, SERAPHIM which considers compressibility and chemical reaction. Through the test analyses, the basic capability of the developed method was confirmed.