bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Cardiopulmonary Bypass on Neurogenesis and Cortical Maturation
Authors: Dhari Zaenab , Leonetti Camille , Lin Stephen , Prince Arianna , Howick James , Zurakowski David , Wang Paul C. , Jonas Richard A. , Ishibashi Nobuyuki 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveNeurodevelopmental delays and frontal lobe cortical dysmaturation are widespread among children with congenital heart disease (CHD). The subventricular zone (SVZ) is the largest pool of neural stem/progenitor cells in the postnatal brain. Our aim is to determine the effects of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on neurogenesis and cortical maturation in piglets whose SVZ development is similar to human infants.MethodsThree‐week‐old piglets (n = 29) were randomly assigned to control (no surgery), mild‐CPB (34°C full flow for 60 minutes) and severe‐CPB groups (25°C circulatory‐arrest for 60 minutes). The SVZ and frontal lobe were analyzed with immunohistochemistry 3 days and 4 weeks postoperatively. MRI of the frontal lobe was used to assess cortical development.ResultsSVZ neurogenic activity was reduced up to 4 weeks after both mild and severe CPB‐induced insults. CPB also induced decreased migration of young neurons to the frontal lobe, demonstrating that CPB impairs postnatal neurogenesis. MRI 4 weeks after CPB displayed a decrease in gyrification index and cortical volume of the frontal lobe. Cortical fractional anisotropy was increased after severe CPB injury, indicating a prolonged deleterious impact of CPB on cortical maturation. Both CPB‐induced insults displayed a significant change in densities of three major inhibitory neurons, suggesting excitatory‐inhibitory imbalance in the frontal cortex. In addition, different CPB insults altered different subpopulations of inhibitory neurons.InterpretationOur results provide novel insights into cellular mechanisms contributing to CHD‐induced neurological impairments. Further refinement of CPB hardware and techniques is necessary to improve long‐term frontal cortical dysmaturation observed in children with CHD. ANN NEUROL 2021;90:913–926
Tris(pentafluorphenyl)boran‐katalysierte Erzeugung von Carbenium‐Ionen und autokatalytische Pyrazol‐Synthese – eine theoretische und experimentelle Studie
Authors: Dasgupta Ayan , Babaahmadi Rasool , Pahar Sanjukta , Stefkova Katarina , Gierlichs Lukas , Yates Brian F. , Ariafard Alireza , Melen Rebecca L. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn den letzten Jahren hat sich die metallfreie organische Synthese unter Verwendung von Triarylboranen als Katalysatoren zu einem weit verbreiteten Forschungsgebiet entwickelt. Hier berichten wir über eine umfassende theoretische und experimentelle Studie für die hochselektive Synthese von N‐substituierten Pyrazolen durch die Erzeugung von Carbenium‐Ionen aus der Reaktion zwischen Arylestern und Vinyldiazoacetaten in Gegenwart von katalytischem Tris(pentafluorphenyl)boran [B(C6F5)3]. DFT‐Studien zum Reaktionsmechanismus zeigen, dass die In‐situ‐Generierung einer Carbenium‐Spezies als Autokatalysator fungiert, welcher die regiospezifische Bildung von N‐substituierten Pyrazolen in guter bis hervorragender Ausbeute (bis zu 81 %) auslöst.
One‐Step Enzymatic Labeling Reveals a Critical Role of O‐GlcNAcylation in Cell‐Cycle Progression and DNA Damage Response
Authors: Tian Yinping , Zhu Qiang , Sun Zeyu , Geng Didi , Lin Bingyi , Su Xiaoling , He Jiahui , Guo Miao , Xu Hong , Zhao Ye , Qin Weijie , Wang Peng George , Wen Liuqing , Yi Wen 
Published: September 2021

AbstractO‐linked N‐acetylglucosamine (O‐GlcNAcylation) is a ubiquitous post‐translational modification of proteins that is essential for cell function. Perturbation of O‐GlcNAcylation leads to altered cell‐cycle progression and DNA damage response. However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we develop a highly sensitive one‐step enzymatic strategy for capture and profiling O‐GlcNAcylated proteins in cells. Using this strategy, we discover that flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1), an essential enzyme in DNA synthesis, is a novel substrate for O‐GlcNAcylation. FEN1 O‐GlcNAcylation is dynamically regulated during the cell cycle. O‐GlcNAcylation at the serine 352 of FEN1 disrupts its interaction with Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) at the replication foci, and leads to altered cell cycle, defects in DNA replication, accumulation of DNA damage, and enhanced sensitivity to DNA damage agents. Thus, our study provides a sensitive method for profiling O‐GlcNAcylated proteins, and reveals an unknown mechanism of O‐GlcNAcylation in regulating cell cycle progression and DNA damage response.
A conversation between hyphenated spectroscopic techniques and phytometabolites from medicinal plants
Authors: Puri Shivani , Sahal Dinkar , Sharma Upendra 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMedicinal plant metabolomics has emerged as a goldmine for the natural product chemists. It provides a pool of bioactive phytoconstituents leading to accelerated novel discoveries and the elucidation of a variety of biosynthetic pathways. Further, it also acts as an innovative tool for herbal medicine's scientific validation and quality assurance. This review highlights different strategies and analytical techniques employed in the practice of metabolomics. Further, it also discusses several other applications and advantages of metabolomics in the area of natural product chemistry. Additional examples of integrating metabolomics with multivariate data analysis techniques for some Indian medicinal plants are also reviewed. Recent technical advances in mass spectrometry‐based hyphenated techniques, nuclear magnetic resonance‐based techniques, and comprehensive hyphenated technologies for phytometabolite profiling studies have also been reviewed. Mass Spectral Imaging (MSI) has been presented as a highly promising method for high precision in situ spatiotemporal monitoring of phytometabolites. We conclude by introducing GNPS (Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking) as an emerging platform to make social networks of related molecules, to explore data and to annotate more metabolites, and expand the networks to novel “predictive” metabolites that can be validated.
Facile hydrothermal fabrication of functionalized multi‐layer graphene oxide encapsulated chitosan beads for enriched fluoride adsorption
Authors: Jeyaseelan Antonysamy , Mezni Amine , Viswanathan Natrayasamy 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe present exploration was focused on the fabrication of environmental friendly adsorbent materials using graphene oxide (GO) and chitosan (CS). To modify GO by functionalization with sulphonic acid gives sulfonated GO (SGO), which possess high defluoridation capacity (DC) than GO. To boost the DC, easily separation and make it in an exploitable form of SGO material, SGO was incorporated onto biopolymer CS gives SGO/CS hybrid composite beads and employed for efficient defluoridation of water. The various influencing parameters of adsorption system viz., shaking time, adsorbate pH, initial fluoride concentration, adsorbent dosage, temperature, and interfering anions were optimized to obtain the highest DC. The DC of SGO/CS composite beads were found to be 4950 mg.kg−1 within 30 min for 10 mg/L of preliminary adsorbate solution by 0.1 g dosage. The surface and structural characterization/properties of the prepared SGO/CS composite beads were evaluated by FTIR, TGA, SEM, and XPS investigations. The attained equilibrium data were predicted by isotherms like Fruendlich, Dubinin‐Radushkevich (D‐R), and Langmuir. The acquired equilibrium data of thermodynamic investigations facilitate to predict the nature of fluoride adsorption process onto SGO/CS composite beads. The plausible defluoridation mechanism of SGO/CS composite beads was discussed in detail. The applicability of SGO/CS beads was investigated at field environment with field water sample.
Synthesis of Pentacyclic Framework of Herquline A
Authors: Kim Thomas Taehyung , Lee Chungwoo , Heo Seongrok , Lee Hee‐Seung , Han Sunkyu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe highly strained bowl‐shaped pentacyclic structure of herquline A has rendered it one of the most difficult problems in organic synthesis yet to be solved. The challenges associated with the synthesis of herquline A have been well documented in four Ph.D. dissertations and in multiple reports regarding syntheses of its structurally simpler congeners. Herein, we report the construction of the pentacyclic core of herquline A that contains both N10−C2 and C3−C3′ bonds. The key for success was the development of the tandem aza‐Michael addition/enolate capture protocol that set the stage for subsequent palladium catalyzed C3(sp2)−C3′(sp2) coupling reaction. Ensuing oxidative dearomatization of the left aryl ring allowed the formation of the pentacyclic diketone core of herquline A.
Photo‐Controlled Macroscopic Self‐Assembly Based on Photo‐Switchable Hetero‐Complementary Quadruple Hydrogen Bonds
Authors: Han Shi‐Tao , Duan Hong‐Ying , Chen Lan‐Yun , Zhan Tian‐Guang , Liu Li‐Juan , Kong Li‐Chun , Zhang Kang‐Da 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA photo‐switchable hetero‐complementary quadruple H‐bonding array, which consists of an azobenzene‐derived ureidopyrimidinone (UPy) module (Azo‐UPy) and a nonphotoactive diamidonaphthyridine (DAN) derivative (Napy‐1), is constructed based on a reversible photo‐locking approach. Upon UV (390 nm)/Vis (460 nm) light irradiations, photo‐switchable quadruple H‐bonded dimerization between Azo‐UPy and Napy‐1 can be achieved with exhibiting 4.8×104‐fold differences in binding strength (ON/OFF ratios). Furthermore, smart polymeric gels with unique photo‐controlled macroscopic self‐assembly behavior can be fabricated by introducing such quadruple H‐bonding array as photo‐regulable noncovalent interfacial connections.
Steric Influence on Reactions of Benzyl Potassium Species with CO
Authors: Wang Tongtong , Xu Maotong , Jupp Andrew R. , Qu Zheng‐Wang , Grimme Stefan , Stephan Douglas W. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractReactions of benzyl potassium species with CO are shown to proceed via transient carbene‐like intermediates that can undergo either dimerization or further CO propagation. In a sterically unhindered case, formal dimerization of the carbene is the dominant reaction pathway, as evidenced by the isolation of ((Ph3SiO)(PhCH2)C)2 2 and PhCH2C(O)CH(OH)CH2Ph 3. Reactions with increasingly sterically encumbered reagents show competitive reaction pathways involving intermolecular dimerization leading to species analogous to 2 and 3 and those containing newly‐formed five‐membered rings tBu2C6H2(C(OSiR3)C(OSiR3)CH2) (R=Me 6, Ph 7). Even further encumbered reagents proceed to either dimerize or react with additional CO to give a ketene‐like intermediates, thus affording a 7‐membered tropolone derivative 14 or the dione (3,5‐tBu2C6H3)3C6H2CH2C(O))2 15.
Stabilization and control of switched singular systems with impulse under a new average dwell time strategy
Authors: Yu Qiang , Li Yijing 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we extend the Φ‐dependent average dwell time approach to impulsive switched singular systems with stable and unstable subsystems and discuss its stability problem. Under the improved Φ‐dependent average dwell time and multiple discontinuous Lyapunov functions approaches, some new stability criteria of impulsive switched singular systems are obtained. In particular, average dwell time and mode‐dependent dwell time approaches that are discussed in many works can also be unified to our approach. And based on the new approach, stability results of some special switched systems are given. Finally, a numerical example is discussed to illustrate the merits of the method.
Analysis of the SPARK study COVID‐19 parent survey: Early impact of the pandemic on access to services, child/parent mental health, and benefits of online services
Authors: Bhat Anjana 
Published: September 2021

AbstractChildren with ASD receive a multitude of educational, medical, and therapeutic services. At the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic, all of these services came to a complete halt following strict lockdowns. Many services have resumed in a hybrid format using face to face and virtual modes of delivery. This study describes findings from the COVID‐19 impact survey administered at the onset of the pandemic in a subgroup of families from the SPARK cohort (N = 6393), one of the largest ASD cohorts in the US. The differential early impact of COVID‐19 on various subgroups of children with ASD and their families was examined. Caregivers of children and adolescents with ASD between 19 months and 18 years completed an online survey inquiring about the impact of COVID‐19 pandemic on access to services, parent concerns about the same, impact on child's ASD‐related behaviors, child, and parent mental health, and the benefits/potential benefits of online/future online services. Analysis revealed that certain demographic (age, income/SES) and child‐related factors (repetitive behaviors, language, functional, cognitive, and motor impairments, and child's understanding), as well as parent's past mental health were associated with/predicted greater service disruptions, greater ASD‐related behaviors, and greater negative impact on parent mental health. In conclusion, younger children, children from low‐income families, and children with greater impairment severity (more severe repetitive behaviors, language, cognitive, function, language, and motor impairments) were more negatively impacted by the pandemic through service disruptions, increased ASD‐related behaviors, parent health/family impact, and found online interactions to be less beneficial.Lay SummaryThe SPARK study impact survey shows that at the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic, parents reported significant service disruptions, negative impact on their child's ASD‐related behaviors as well as their own mental health; which was greater in families with younger children, children with greater ASD severity, and children from low‐income families. Majority of families did not report significant benefits of online services whereas some families did. Low‐income families were hopeful about receiving benefits through future online services. Overall, these findings have important implications for future clinical care delivery and healthcare policies to ensure that healthcare services are not interrupted during a potential resurgence of COVID‐19 or other pandemics. A combination of in‐person and online healthcare and family support services must be implemented to prevent negative health impacts in the future.
Biegeversuche zur Demonstration wesentlicher Phänomene im Stahlbetonbau
Authors: Schuler Harald , Meier Florian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDer einfache Biegeversuch ermöglicht das Aufzeigen vieler grundsätzlicher Phänomene des Biegetragverhaltens im Stahlbetonbau. Geht man die Last‐Verformungskurve hoch, kommt es zu einem Steifigkeitsabfall durch die Bildung erster Risse und der Querschnitt geht vom ungerissenen in den gerissenen Querschnitt über. Bei weiterer Lastaufbringung vervollständigen sich die Risse zum abgeschlossen Rissbild. Danach bleibt das Rissbild konstant und die Bewehrung beginnt zu fließen. Fährt man mit der Lastaufbringung fort, krümmt sich der Träger zunehmend, bis schlussendlich die Bewehrung reißt oder die Betondruckzone versagt. Die Gebrauchstauglichkeits‐ und Tragsicherheitszustände können innerhalb dieser Last‐Verformungskurve zugeordnet werden. Für Studierende und auch spätere Tragwerksplaner*innen ist es wichtig, die Kenntnisse über das Biegetragverhalten sicher zu beherrschen, und dazu können Versuche einen wichtigen Beitrag leisten. In diesem Aufsatz werden Laborversuche vorgestellt, die das Ziel haben, die wesentlichen Phänomene des Biegetragverhaltes von Stahlbeton sichtbar zu machen. Dazu wird ein Biegetragelement, wie es im üblichen Wohnungs‐ oder Bürobau auftritt, betrachtet. Von Studierenden der Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz (FHNW) wurden die Experimente vorausberechnet, die Probeköper hergestellt und gemeinsam mit Mitarbeitenden getestet. Es war beeindruckend, wie viele Phänomene des Biegetragveraltens im Stahlbetonbau mit nur vier einfachen Balken nachvollzogen werden konnten.
Redox‐sensitive signaling pathways in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Cruz‐Gregorio Alfredo , Aranda‐Rivera Ana Karina , Pedraza‐Chaverri José , Solano José D. , Ibarra‐Rubio María Elena 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRenal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most lethal urological cancers, highly resistant to chemo and radiotherapy. Obesity and smoking are the best‐known risk factors of RCC, both related to oxidative stress presence, suggesting a significant role in RCC development and maintenance. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice for localized RCC; however, this neoplasia is hardly diagnosable at its initial stages, occurring commonly in late phases and even when metastasis is already present. Systemic therapies are the option against RCC in these more advanced stages, such as cytokine therapy or a combination of tyrosine kinase inhibitors with immunotherapies; nevertheless, these strategies are still insufficient. A field poorly analyzed in this neoplasia is the status of cell signaling pathways sensible to the redox state, which have been associated with the development and maintenance of RCC. This review focuses on alterations reported in the following redox‐sensitive molecules and signaling pathways in RCC: mitogen‐activated protein kinases, protein kinase B (AKT)/tuberous sclerosis complex 2/mammalian target of rapamycin C1, AKT/glycogen synthase kinase 3/β‐catenin, nuclear factor κB/inhibitor of κB/epidermal growth factor receptor, and protein kinase Cζ/cut‐like homeodomain protein/factor inhibiting hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF)/HIF as potential targets for redox therapy.
Impact of angiogenesis inhibitor eligibility on the prognosis of patients with non‐small cell lung cancer harboring EGFR mutation
Authors: Kodama Hiroaki , Kenmotsu Hirotsugu , Kawabata Takanori , Notsu Akifumi , Yabe Michitoshi , Nishioka Naoya , Miyawaki Eriko , Miyawaki Taichi , Mamesaya Nobuaki , Kobayashi Haruki , Omori Shota , Wakuda Kazushige , Ono Akira , Naito Tateaki , Murakami Haruyasu , Takahashi Toshiaki 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundEpidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR‐TKIs) are currently the primary treatment option for patients with EGFR‐mutant non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the effect of EGFR‐TKIs are eventually weakened due to resistance, and there is also a differential efficacy based on EGFR mutation subtypes. The combination of angiogenesis inhibitor (AI) with EGFR‐TKI has shown better efficacy than EGFR‐TKI monotherapy, regardless of the mutation subtypes. Nevertheless, the effect of AI eligibility on overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) remains to be elucidated. Thus, we assessed this impact on patients with NSCLC harboring EGFR mutation.MethodsIn this study, the data for 450 patients with EGFR‐mutant NSCLC, who were treated with EGFR‐TKI monotherapy, were retrospectively analyzed for AI eligibility. The patients were categorized into AI‐eligible (AI fit) and ineligible groups (AI unfit).ResultsThe median PFS of the AI fit group was 12.9 months, compared to 9.6 months in the unfit group (p = 0.007), and OS was also significantly longer in the AI fit group (median OS = 33.0 months) compared to that in the unfit group (18.5 months, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated that AI ineligibility was associated with shorter PFS and poor prognosis. Also, in the AI fit group, there was no significant difference in the PFS between EGFR L858R mutation and EGFR exon 19 deletion (median PFS = 11.5 months vs. 13.8 months; p = 0.17).ConclusionsFrom our study, AI eligibility resulted in longer OS and PFS, and also had different effects on patients with EGFR L858R and exon 19 deletion. Since this selection bias may have affected previous clinical trial data on the efficacy of AI combination therapy, their results should be carefully considered henceforth.
Personality‐related factors among incarcerated recidivist drug dealers: A path analysis
Authors: Aguiar Annalu Moreira , de Meneses Adriano Moura , de Souza Aranha e Silva Renata Almeida , Baltieri Danilo Antonio 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundAlthough drug trafficking is one of the most prevalent crimes around the world, drug dealers used to be a hard‐to‐reach population far away from attention by public health programmes. Decisions to participate in such instrumental crimes, however, are based on external and internal factors that could be investigated and perhaps modified.AimTo identify drug use problems and personality factors consistently related to the drug trafficking recidivism among incarcerated drug dealers.MethodData were from 179 men serving a sentence for drug trafficking in two Brazilian penitentiaries who were asked to complete mainly self‐ratings of alcohol and drug use, impulsiveness, personality and criminological features. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and structured equation modelling.ResultsIncarcerated recidivist drug dealers are younger, more likely to be non‐white, have more frequently used illicit drugs before the penalty and have higher alcohol use‐severity than non‐recidivists. Neuroticism, extraversion, severity of alcohol use and drug use before the penalty were each positively correlated with recidivism. Openness to experience was not associated with a history of recidivism but, rather, positively correlated with better school achievement. One third of the men took up the offer of feedback from the research assessment.ConclusionsOur study showed that social, drug‐related and personality style variables come together to allow likely recidivist drug dealers to be distinguished from those unlikely to resume dealing after imprisonment. Given scarce resources for constructive intervention, this is important. We were impressed by the men's willingness to co‐operate with the study, despite their reputation for being in thrall to the drug trade hierarchy, and by their curiosity about themselves. This bodes well for further investigation of relevant psychological indicators and consequently informed intervention.
Monocyclometalated (C^N) Gold(III) Metallacycles: Tunable Emission and Singlet Oxygen (1O2) Generation Properties
Authors: Malmberg Robert , Suter Dominik , Blacque Olivier , Venkatesan Koushik 
Published: September 2021

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are Koushik Venkatesan and co‐workers at Macquarie University and the University of Zurich. The image depicts the conversion of 3O2 to 1O2 upon photoexcitation by new monocyclometalated gold(III) metallacycles. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202102331.
Absolute configuration of a [1]rotaxane determined from vibrational and electronic circular dichroism spectra
Authors: Puente Andrew R. , Bessaguet Adrien , Pairault Noël , Pieters Grégory , Crassous Jeanne , Polavarapu Prasad L. , Opalinski Isabelle , Papot Sébastien 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe experimental vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra were measured for the enantiomers of [1]rotaxane 1. These experimental spectra have been analyzed using predicted VCD and ECD spectra for (S, Rmp) or (S, Smp) diastereomers using density functional theory. This comparison allowed for a definitive assignment of the absolute configuration of 1.