bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asociación del control glucémico con la disfunción eréctil en pacientes diabéticos
Authors: García Juan Juan Figueroa 
Published: January 2021

ANTECEDENTES: la disfunción eréctil es la incapacidad para conseguir y mantener una erección que permita una penetración sexual satisfactoria en 50% de las veces, en un periodo de tres meses. Entre las causas orgánicas, la diabetes mellitus representa 30%. A pesar de esta relación la prevalencia es poco conocida en nuestro medio.OBJETIVO: determinar la asociación entre el control glucémico y la disfunción eréctil en diabéticos.MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: estudio observacional, transversal y analítico al que se incluyeron pacientes que no refirieron complicaciones al momento del estudio. A todos se les aplicó el cuestionario IIFE-5 (Índice Internacional de la Función Eréctil) para detectar si padecían o no disfunción eréctil, se compararon las concentraciones de hemoglobina glucosilada (HbA1c), y se analizó su asociación mediante la aplicación de la razón de momios.RESULTADOS: en 362 pacientes se encontró una prevalencia de disfunción eréctil de 72.3% (n=272), de estos 80.9% (n=212) estaban en descontrol glucémico, con una razón de momios de 6.92 (IC95%: 4.16 a 11.50).CONCLUSIONES: en los pacientes diabéticos existe una relación 7:1 de probabilidad de disfunción eréctil versus pacientes con adecuado control glucémico.PALABRAS CLAVE: diabetes mellitus, disfunción eréctil, hemoglobina glucosilada, control glucémico. AbstractBACKGROUND: Erectile dysfunction is the inability to achieve and maintain an erection that enables satisfactory sexual penetration 50% of the time, within a 3-month period. Diabetes mellitus is the organic cause in 30% of cases, but despite this relation, the prevalence of erectile dysfunction is not well known in Mexico.OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between glycemic control and erectile dysfunction in diabetic patients.MATERIALS AND METHODS: An observational, cross-sectional, analytic study included diabetic patients that did not complain of complications at the time of the study. The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) questionnaire was applied to detect whether or not the patients presented with erectile dysfunction. Their glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were compared and the association with erectile dysfunction was analyzed through the odds ratio.RESULTS: The prevalence of erectile dysfunction in 362 patients was 72.3% (n=272). Of those patients with erectile dysfunction, 80.9% (n=212) had inadequate glycemic control, with an odds ratio of 6.92 (95% CI: 4.16 to 11.50).CONCLUSIONS: The odds ratio of presenting with erectile dysfunction for diabetic men with inadequate glycemic control and patients with adequate glycemic control was 7:1.KEY WORDS: Diabetes mellitus; Erectile dysfunction; Glycated hemoglobin; Glycemic control
Social and legal responsibility of educational subjects: approaches to understanding
Authors: Рылов Д.А. 
Published: January 2021

Актуальность статьи обусловлена все возрастающим влиянием социальных проблем на образование. Ответственность как качество личности априори находится в центре деятельности профессионала. В системе ценностей образования, ответственность должна находиться на самом высоком уровне сформированности. Однако, как показывает судебная практика последнего десятилетия, претензий к образованию в виде гражданских и уголовных исков не уменьшается, а только увеличивается. Мы считаем, что одним из факторов этой негативной тенденции является отсутствие внимания к формированию социально-правовой ответственности у работников образования. Она не формируется ни в процессе обучения педагогической профессии ни позже в системе дополнительного образования. Цель статьи заключается в раскрытии понимания феномена ответственности, с точки зрения философского, социологического и экономического подходов. На основании компетентностного подхода выделены структурные компоненты социально-правовой ответственности, в рамках которых можно разработать систему для формирования данного феномена у работников образования. Статья предназначена для преподавателей педагогических вузов и организаций, осуществляющих повышение квалификации педагогических работников.
The relevance of the article is due to the increasing influence of social problems on education. Responsibility as a quality of personality is, without no doubt, at the center of professional activity. In the system of values of education, responsibility should be at the highest level of formation. However, as the judicial practice of the last decade shows, claims to education in the form of civil and criminal lawsuits do not decrease, but only increase. We believe that one of the factors of this negative trend is the lack of attention to the formation of social and legal responsibility among educational workers. It is not formed either in the process of teaching the teaching profession or later in the system of additional education. The purpose of the article is to reveal the understanding of the phenomenon of responsibility from the point of view of philosophical, sociological and economic approaches. On the basis of the competence approach, the structural components of social and legal responsibility are identified, within which it is possible to develop a system for the formation of this phenomenon in educational workers. The article is intended for teachers of pedagogical universities and organizations that carry out professional development of teachers.
merchandising como herramienta de ventas en las empresas comercializadoras del distrito de Barranca
Authors: Quispe Campos Tito Edinson , Gonzales Añorga Carlos Máximo , Valenzuela Narváez Daniel Alberto 
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Verificar, analizar y evaluar los procedimientos utilizados y la forma de como ofrecen sus productos las empresas comercializadoras del distrito de Barranca, para determinar la contribución del merchandising en la mejora de sus procesos de venta. Métodos: Se aplicó la técnica de muestreo aleatorio simple, obteniéndose una muestra de 304 empresas comercializadoras. Resultados: Permitieron conocer que el 77,96% de las empresas desconocía el merchandising, y que un 72,04% de comerciantes están dispuestos a cambiar su forma de venta. Conclusiones: Existe un alto nivel de desconocimiento del merchandising por parte de los empresarios de este sector. En relación a la utilización de las técnicas del merchandising en el punto de ventas, el 71,71% no aplica esta técnica en sus puntos de venta, pues solo el 40,13% realiza el surtido de línea de productos de manera continua, y solamente el 38.82% de las empresas hacen mejoras en su ambiente interno.Palabras clave: Merchandising, ventas, gestión.
Determinación y eliminación de la dureza del agua de consumo humano del Distrito de Huacho
Authors: Salcedo Meza Máximo Tomas , Zavaleta Sotelo Dalila Inocenta , Aroni Mejía Jaqueline Victoria , Villafuerte Castro Delia Violeta , Paredes Aguirre Fredy Roman , Imán Mendoza Jaime , Cadillo Huerta Everardo , Dávalos Castañeda Dalia Alejandra , Escudero Marcos Mavet Carolina 
Published: January 2021

El presente trabajo se realizó con el objetivo de comprobar la dureza que contiene el agua potable suministrado por la EPS EMAPA HUACHO S.A al distrito de Huacho; la gran mayoría de pobladores se habrán percatado que cada vez que hervimos el agua en casa, se observa la presencia de sólidos blanquecinos en suspensión, si bien es cierto la OMS no impide que las empresas que suministran agua para el consumo humano, abastezcan con una dureza que puede llegar hasta 500ppm, solo porque no se ha determinado puntualmente que la dureza cause alguna enfermedad con pruebas científicas; en cuanto a los metales pesados se tiene conocimiento que pueden acumularse en el organismo vivo y causar enfermedades como cáncer, vómitos, diarreas y otros.Para analizar el agua se realizó un trabajo conjunto con la empresa en la toma de muestras de los dos pozos que abastecen a la ciudad de Huacho el pozo Nº 03 y pozo Nº 09, utilizando el laboratorio de la facultad de Ingeniería Química y Metalúrgica para realizar los análisis por nuestra parte y así poder contrastar con los resultados de los análisis que la empresa EMAPA HUACHO.Mediante la comparación de los resultados obtenidos en ambos laboratorios, se puede comprobar que en el pozo Nº 03 existe solo un diferencial de 1,4 mg/L y en el pozo Nº 09 un diferencial de 1,6 mg/L, diferencias que se pueden ser aceptables para nuestra investigación. Además se puede realizar también una comparación con el mes de Abril, mes que tiene una ligera alza en ambos pozos que hubiera preocupado si hubiera sido lo contrario. En conclusión los pozos que abastecen agua potable a la ciudad de Huacho se encuentran dentro del rango que la OMS lo da como permisible.Palabras claves: Dureza, pozos, parte por millón.
UNA NUEVA MIRADA AL MESIANISMO ANDINO
Authors: Millones Luis 
Published: January 2021

Este trabajo aborda tres casos de mesianismo en los Andes: El taki ongoy de 1565; Illapa: El mesías de Huancavelica de 1811; y el mito de Inkarrí descubierto en 1955. El mesianismo involucraba una esperanza colectiva que se esperaba que se realizase en este mundo, que acaecería en corto tiempo y que transformaría a la sociedad y que se llevaría a cabo con intervención de lo sobrenatural. El taki onqoy que, apareciendo en la jurisdicción de Huamanga, especialmente entre los Soras y Lucanas, rechazó a lo occidental y pregonó la reinstauración del sistema prehispánico. Pedro Alanya en Lircay se autoproclamó “pongo” de Santiago Apóstol o Illapa y promovió entre sus seguidores el retorno de los antiguos rituales de propiciación para atraer lluvias y superar la sequía que venía provocando hambrunas en los nativos. El Inkarrí mitificó la muerte del inca que, a partir de su cabeza, iba creciendo su cuerpo para retornar. Versiones más recientes hicieron notar que los mitos no son ajenos a la realidad y que se adaptan a la experiencia de la que son testigos sus creadores, porque se habla que el inca fue degollado y “volado” (con dinamita).
NGHIÊN CỨU TỶ LỆ PHỐI TRỘN THÍCH HỢP GIỮA CHITOSAN VÀ NISIN ĐỂ BẢO QUẢN CAM SAU THU HOẠCH Ở NHIỆT ĐỘ THƯỜNG
Authors: Trần Văn Chí , Phạm Thị Tuyết Mai , Tạ Thị Lượng , Lưu Hồng Sơn 
Published: January 2021

Bài viết làm rõ những nội dung quan điểm của V.I.Lênin về giải phóng phụ nữ trong tác phẩm “Sáng kiến vĩ đại”. V.I.Lênin đã đưa ra nhiều luận điểm cực kỳ quan trọng về giải phóng phụ nữ không những rất đúng trong thời kỳ đó mà nó còn giữ nguyên giá trị trong thời đại ngày nay. Qua đó, giúp chúng ta nghiên cứu, khai thác nhằm khắc phục những bất cập, hạn chế, thực hiện tốt vấn đề giải phóng phụ nữ và công tác bình đẳng giới tại Việt Nam trong bối cảnh cách mạng công nghiệp 4.0.
Impact of Antimalarial Adherence on Mortality Among Patients With Newly Diagnosed Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Population‐Based Cohort Study
Authors: Hoque M. Rashedul , Aviña‐Zubieta J. Antonio , De Vera Mary A. , Qian Yi , Esdaile John M. , Xie Hui 
Published: January 2021

ObjectiveTo assess the association of antimalarial (AM) adherence with premature mortality among incident systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients.MethodsAll patients with incident SLE and incident AM use in British Columbia, Canada, between January 1997 and March 2015 were identified using the provincial administrative databases. Follow‐up started on the first day of having both SLE and AM. The outcome was all‐cause mortality. An adherence measure, proportion of days covered (PDC), was calculated and categorized as adherent (PDC ≥ 0.90), nonadherent (0 < PDC < 0.90), and discontinuer (PDC = 0) during 30‐day windows. We first used Cox models for time‐to‐death, adjusting for baseline and time‐varying confounders on medication usages, health care utilization, and comorbidities. We then used marginal structural Cox models via inverse probability weighting designed for causal inference with time‐varying confounders to assess the effect of AM adherence on premature mortality.ResultsWe identified 3,062 individuals with incident SLE and incident AM use (mean age 46.9 years). Over the mean follow‐up period of 6.4 years, 242 (7.9%) of those patients died. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRadj) from the Cox model for AM adherent and nonadherent SLE patients were 0.20 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.13–0.29) and 0.62 (95% CI 0.42–0.91), respectively, compared to discontinuers. The corresponding HRadj from the marginal structural Cox model were 0.17 (95% CI 0.12–0.25) and 0.58 (95% CI 0.40–0.85), respectively. A significant trend in the HRadj of mortality risk over the adherence levels was found (P < 0.001).ConclusionPatients with SLE adhering to AM therapy had a 71% and 83% lower risk of death than patients who do not adhere or who discontinued AMs, respectively.
Insight into the Mechanism of Action and Peptide‐Membrane Interactions of Aib‐Rich Peptides: Multitechnique Experimental and Theoretical Analysis
Authors: Lizio Maria Giovanna , Campana Mario , De Poli Matteo , Jefferies Damien F. , Cullen William , Andrushchenko Valery , Chmel Nikola P. , Bouř Petr , Khalid Syma , Clayden Jonathan , Blanch Ewan , Rodger Alison , Webb Simon J. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe increase in resistant bacterial strains necessitates the identification of new antimicrobial molecules. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are an attractive option because of evidence that bacteria cannot easily develop resistance to AMPs. The peptaibols, a class of naturally occurring AMPs, have shown particular promise as antimicrobial drugs, but their development has been hindered by their mechanism of action not being clearly understood. To explore how peptaibols might interact with membranes, circular dichroism, vibrational circular dichroism, linear dichroism, Raman spectroscopy, Raman optical activity, neutron reflectivity and molecular dynamics simulations have been used to study a small library of peptaibol mimics, the Aib‐rich peptides. All the peptides studied quickly partitioned and oriented in membranes, and we found evidence of chiral interactions between the phospholipids and membrane‐embedded peptides. The protocols presented in this paper open new ground by showing how chiro‐optical spectroscopies can throw light on the mechanism of action of AMPs.
Hollow Mesoporous Carbon Nanospheres Decorated with Metal Oxide Nanoparticles as Efficient Earth‐Abundant Zinc‐Air Battery Catalysts
Authors: He Yingjie , Aasen Drew , McDougall Alexandra , Yu Haoyang , Labbe Matthew , Ni Chuyi , Milliken Sarah , Ivey Douglas G. , Veinot Jonathan G. C. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHybrids comprising hollow mesoporous nitrogen‐doped carbon (HMC) nanospheres and metal‐oxide nanoparticles were prepared through a hydrothermal synthesis. These materials exhibit excellent bifunctional catalytic activity in the oxygen reduction and evolution reactions (ORR and OER, respectively) that are core to the efficient operation of Zn‐air batteries. When incorporated into prototype devices, Co3O4 and MnCo2O4 nanoparticle‐decorated HMC exhibited discharge potentials of 1.26 and 1.28 V at 10 mA cm−2, respectively. ‘CoFeNiO’‐decorated HMC exhibited a charging potential of 1.96 V at 10 mA cm−2. These metrics are far superior to benchmark Pt−Ru, which displayed discharge and charging potentials of 1.25 and 2.01 V, respectively, at the same current density. The battery equipped with Co3O4‐decorated HMC demonstrated 63 % initial efficiency before cycling. After cycling at 10 mA cm−2 for 100 hours, the battery efficiency was maintained at 56.5 %, outperforming the battery with Pt−Ru (50.2 % after 50 h).
IL‐17 Inhibitors and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Postmarketing Study in Vigibase
Authors: Petitpain Nadine , D’Amico Ferdinando , Yelehe‐Okouma Melissa , Jouzeau Jean‐Yves , Netter Patrick , Peyrin‐Biroulet Laurent , Gillet Pierre 
Published: January 2021

Several gastrointestinal symptoms and chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) have been reported after therapy with IL‐17 inhibitors. To date, however, no study has shown a clear association between these drugs and IBD onset. We searched on Vigibase, the worldwide pharmacovigilance database, to investigate reporting prevalence, characteristics, and prognosis of all gastroenterological adverse events in patients treated with IL‐17 inhibitors. In total, 1,129 gastrointestinal Individual Case Safety Reports (ICSRs) were identified, including 850 IBD (42.5% Crohn’s disease, 31.9% ulcerative colitis, and 25.6% undifferentiated IBD) and 279 colitis (mainly undifferentiated colitis (79.2%), and microscopic colitis (10.4%)). ICSRs were associated with secukinumab (SEC, 83.6%) or ixekizumab (IXE, 16.3%), whereas only one colitis occurred with brodalumab (0.1%). Most IBD and colitis cases were detected within 6 months from therapy start in both the SEC (68.8% and 73.5%) and IXE groups (100% and 66.7%). Patients’ outcomes were reported in 428 ICSRs (37.9%). Complete or ongoing recovery from symptoms was detected in about two‐thirds of patients experiencing IBD (59.5%) or colitis (64.2%), whereas in the other cases, there was no recovery (33.9% and 29.5%) or there were sequelae (5.4% and 4.2%). Fatal events occurred in four patients (1.2%) in the IBD group (3 after SEC and on1e with IXE) and two SEC‐treated subjects in the colitis group (2.1%). Treatment with IL‐17 inhibitors is associated with a relevant number of exacerbations and new onset of IBD and colitis. Careful evaluation of gastrointestinal symptoms and the monitoring of intestinal inflammatory biomarkers should be recommended before prescribing these drugs.
Germline APOBEC3B deletion increases somatic hypermutation in Asian breast cancer that is associated with Her2 subtype, PIK3CA mutations and immune activation
Authors: Pan Jia‐Wern , Zabidi Muhammad Mamduh Ahmad , Chong Boon‐Keat , Meng Mei‐Yee , Ng Pei‐Sze , Hasan Siti Norhidayu , Sandey Bethan , Bahnu Saira , Rajadurai Pathmanathan , Yip Cheng‐Har , Rueda Oscar M. , Caldas Carlos , Chin Suet‐Feung , Teo Soo‐Hwang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA 30‐kb deletion that eliminates the coding region of APOBEC3B (A3B) is >5 times more common in women of Asian descent compared to European descent. This polymorphism creates a chimera with the APOBEC3A (A3A) coding region and A3B 3′UTR, and it is associated with an increased risk for breast cancer in Asian women. Here, we explored the relationship between the A3B deletion polymorphism with tumour characteristics in Asian women. Using whole exome and whole transcriptome sequencing data of 527 breast tumours, we report that germline A3B deletion polymorphism leads to expression of the A3A‐B hybrid isoform and increased APOBEC‐associated somatic hypermutation. Hypermutated tumours, regardless of A3B germline status, were associated with the Her2 molecular subtype and PIK3CA mutations. Compared to nonhypermutated tumours, hypermutated tumours also had higher neoantigen burden, tumour heterogeneity and immune activation. Taken together, our results suggest that the germline A3B deletion polymorphism, via the A3A‐B hybrid isoform, contributes to APOBEC mutagenesis in a significant proportion of Asian breast cancers. In addition, APOBEC somatic hypermutation, regardless of A3B background, may be an important clinical biomarker for Asian breast cancers.
Plasma protein biomarkers for early detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yu Jingru , Ploner Alexander , Kordes Maximilian , Löhr Matthias , Nilsson Magnus , de Maturana Maria Evangelina Lopez , Estudillo Lidia , Renz Harald , Carrato Alfredo , Molero Xavier , Real Francisco X , Malats Núria , Ye Weimin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a poor prognosis, mainly due to late diagnosis at advanced tumor stages. In this study, we aimed to identify plasma protein biomarkers for early detection of PDAC. Totally, 135 PDAC patients (early PDAC, Stage I/II, n = 71; advanced PDAC, Stage III/IV, n = 64), 13 benign lesions/chronic pancreatitis patients and 72 healthy individuals, with corresponding plasma samples from a case‐control study in Sweden were included. A proximity extension assay was used to detect 92 cancer‐related proteins, and an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay/electrochemiluminescence immunoassay was used to detect CA19‐9. Predictive features were selected from these 93 candidate proteins and three covariates in the Swedish participants, and then validated in Spanish participants, including 37 early PDAC patients, 38 advanced PDAC patients, 19 chronic pancreatitis patients and 36 healthy controls. A panel of eight proteins discriminating early PDAC from healthy individuals was identified, and the cross‐validated area under the curves (AUCs) were 0.85 (95% confidence interval, 95% CI, 0.78‐0.91) and 0.81 (95% CI, 0.70‐0.92) in the Swedish and Spanish participants, respectively. Another eight‐protein panel was predictive for classifying advanced PDAC from healthy controls in two populations, with cross‐validated AUCs of 0.89 (95% CI, 0.83‐0.95) and 0.90 (95% CI, 0.83‐0.98), respectively. In conclusion, eight protein biomarkers were identified and externally validated, potentially allowing early detection of PDAC patients if validated in additional prospective studies.
Editorial: The Science of Citizen Science Evolves
Authors: Vohland Katrin , Land-Zandstra Anne , Ceccaroni Luigi , Lemmens Rob , Perelló Josep , Ponti Marisa , Samson Roeland , Wagenknecht Katherin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCitizen science broadly refers to the active engagement of the general public in scientific research tasks. Citizen science is a growing practice in which scientists and citizens collaborate to produce new knowledge for science and society. Although citizen science has been around for centuries, the term citizen science was coined in the 1990s and has gained popularity since then. Recognition of citizen science is growing in the fields of science, policy, and education and in wider society. It is establishing itself as a field of research and a field of practice, increasing the need for overarching insights, standards, vocabulary, and guidelines. In this editorial chapter we outline how this book is providing an overview of the field of citizen science.
Participation and Co-creation in Citizen Science
Authors: Senabre Hidalgo Enric , Perelló Josep , Becker Frank , Bonhoure Isabelle , Legris Martine , Cigarini Anna 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCitizen science practices have different frames to general scientific research – the adoption of participatory methods in research design has long been pursued in citizen science projects. The citizen science research design process should be inclusive, flexible, and adaptive in all its stages, from research question formulation to evidence-based collective results. Some citizen science initiatives adopt strategies that include co-creation techniques and methodologies from a wide variety of disciplines and practices. In this sense, the will to collaborate between researchers and other stakeholders is not new. It is traditionally found in public participation in science, including participatory action research (PAR) and the involvement of civil society organisations (CSOs) in research, as well as in mediatory structures, such as science shops. This chapter critically reviews methodologies, techniques, skills, and participation based on experiences of civic involvement and co-creation in research and discusses their limitations and potential improvements. Our focus is on the reflexivity approach and infrastructure needed to design citizen science projects, as well as associated key roles. Existing tools that can be used to enhance and improve citizen participation at each stage of the research process will also be explored. We conclude with a series of reflections on participatory practices.