bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal Surface Measurements of Human Blastocysts Show That the Dynamics of Blastocoel Expansion Are Associated With Fertilization Method and Ongoing Pregnancy
Authors: Marion Eva Sophie van , Chavli Effrosyni A. , Laven Joop S.E. , Steegers-Theunissen Régine P.M. , Koster Maria P.H. , Baart Esther B. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Despite all research efforts during this era of novel time-lapse morphokinetic parameters, a morphological grading system is still routinely being used for embryo selection at the blastocyst stage. The blastocyst expansion grade, as evaluated during morphological assessment, is associated with clinical pregnancy. However, this assessment is performed without taking the dynamics of blastocoel expansion into account. Here, we studied the dynamics of blastocoel expansion by comparing longitudinal blastocoel surface measurements using time-lapse embryo culture. Our aim was to first assess if this is impacted by fertilization method and second, to study if an association exists between these measurement and ongoing pregnancy. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study including 225 couples undergoing 225 cycles of in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment with time-lapse embryo culture. The fertilization method was either conventional IVF, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with ejaculated sperm or ICSI with sperm derived from testicular sperm extraction (TESE-ICSI). This resulted in 289 IVF embryos, 218 ICSI embryos and 259 TESE-ICSI embryos that reached at least the full blastocyst stage. Blastocoel surface measurements were performed on time-lapse images every hour, starting from full blastocyst formation (tB). Linear mixed model analysis was performed to study the association between blastocoel expansion, the calculated expansion rate (µm2/hour) and both fertilization method and ongoing pregnancy. Results: The blastocoel of both TESE-ICSI embryos and ejaculated sperm ICSI embryos was significantly smaller than the blastocoel of IVF embryos (beta -647.7 µm2; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1133.6 to -161.9, beta -1017.0 µm2; 95% CI: -1525.1 to -508.8, respectively). In addition, the blastocoel of embryos resulting in an ongoing pregnancy was significantly larger (beta 795.4 µm2; 95% CI: 15.4 to 1575.4) and expanded significantly faster (beta 100.9 µm2/hour; 95% CI: 5.7 to 196.2) than the blastocoel of embryos that did not result in an ongoing pregnancy. Conclusion: Longitudinal blastocyst surface measurements and expansion rates are promising non-invasive quantitative markers that can aid the embryo selection for transfer and cryopreservation.
Displacement and Stress Distribution of the Craniomaxillofacial Complex Under Different Surgical Conditions: A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Fracture Mechanics
Authors: Chen Junjie , Xu Yuhan , Li Chengri , Zhang Lingling , Yi Fang , Lu Yanqin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective: To provide a simplified treatment strategy for patients with maxillary transverse deficiency. We investigated and compared the fracture mechanics and stress distribution of a midline palatal suture under dynamic loads during surgically-assisted rapid palatal expansion. Methods: Based on the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) data of a 21-year-old female volunteer, a three-dimensional model of the cranio-maxillofacial complex (including the palatal suture) was constructed. A finite element analysis model was constructed based on meshwork. After the yield strength of the palatal suture was set, an increasing expansion force (0–500 N) was applied within 140 ms to calculate the time–load curve, which mimicked nonsurgical bone expansion (model A). The same method was used to evaluate the fracture process, time and stress distribution of the palatal suture in maxillary lateral osteotomy-assisted (model B) and LeFort osteomy I (LFIO)-assisted expansion of the maxillary arch (model C). Results: Compared with model A, the palatal suture of model B and model C showed a faster stress accumulation rate and shorter fracture time, and the fracture time of model B and model C was almost identical. Compared with model A, we discovered that model B and model C showed greater lateral extension of the maxilla, and the difference was reflected mainly in the lower part of the maxilla, and there was no difference between model B and model C in lateral extension of the maxilla. Conclusions: Compared with arch expansion using nonsurgical assistance (model A), arch expansion using maxillary lateral wall-osteotomy (model B) or LFIO had a faster rate of stress accumulation, shorter time of fracture of the palatal suture and increased lateral displacement of the maxilla. Compared with arch expansion using LFIO (model C), arch expansion using lateral osteotomy (model B) had a similar duration of palatal suture rupture and lateral maxillary extension. In view of the trauma and serious complications associated with LFIO, maxillary lateral wall-osteotomy could be considered a substitute for LFIO.
Riverine antibacterial resistance gradient determined by environmental factors
Authors: Liu Cheng-Han , Chuang Yi-Lynne , Gurunathan Revathi , Hsieh Chi-Ying , Dahms Hans-Uwe 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Wastewater emission to surface waters is a major pathway for antibacterials and antibacterial-resistant bacteria. Polluted waterbodies such as rivers provide a reservoir for bacterial resistance. We studied water quality and bacterial antibacterial resistance along the subtropical Qishan River in Taiwan as a case study of environmental resistance spread in a pristine to rural area. Human settlement densities increased generally from pristine mountain sites to the more polluted lowlands generally. Accordingly, as a working hypothesis, we expected antibacterial resistance level to increase towards downstream. We collected sediment samples from 8 stations along the Qishan river and where the Qishan river reaches the Kaoping river. The samples were processed in the lab for bacteriological and physicochemical analysis. Antibacterial resistance was tested by disk diffusion and micro-dilution with ten common antibacterials. A comparison was made among the sites where isolates began to occur at the upstream (site 1-6) with the downstream, including site 7 (Qishan town), site 8 (wastewater treatment plant) and site 9 (Kaoping river). The results of multivariate analysis for bacteriological and physicochemical parameters showed increasing water pollution levels downstream of the Qishan river. Ten bacteria including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens, Enterobacter sp., Acinetobacter sp., Staphylococcus spp. and Bacillus spp. were analyzed and tested in the study. Their percentage of occurrence varied at each site. The resistance level was determined from the growth inhibition zone diameter (disk diffusion) and the minimum inhibitory concentration (micro-dilution). The results indicated that antibacterial resistance was related to certain environmental factors. Besides, the usage pattern of different classes of antibacterials in different places could alter trends of their resistance. Bacteria were found with increased resistance to antibacterials used in agriculture through the downstream sites according to the results. The WWTP emitting wastewater was demonstrated to be a hotspot of resistance in aquatic environments. In conclusion, bacterial resistance against antibacterials from the Qishan river has become a potential public health threat. This study could assist authorities by providing a reference for water quality risk assessment and management in Kaohsiung city and southern Taiwan.
Quality of care is Myth or Reality? A study of PHCs in Maharashtra
Authors: Ramrao Kadam Sanjay , Kannan Srinivasan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background:Maharashtra State Quality Assurance Program was evolved and pilot project was launched in 2006-07. In 2011 as Phase three it was launched in Beed district.Objectives:Objectives of the present study are to assess client’s perception on quality and satisfaction of healthcare at PHCs and their correlates and job satisfaction among health personnel.Methods:Cross sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 20 PHCs from Beed district.Data collected from 400 new clients of outpatient department of PHCs. From clients, demographics, socioeconomic status, perception on quality of outpatient care and their satisfaction were collected using structured questionnaire. From the health personnel data on socio-demographic details, and job satisfaction were collected. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were performed.Results:In total 50 % of clients perceived better quality and 53% of them were satisfied with the services of PHCs. The factors found to be significantly associated with perception of better quality of services and client satisfaction were sex, education, occupation, perception on provider’s attitude, examination time and opted due to financial reasons. About 57% health personnel satisfied with job. All dissatisfied were medical officers.Conclusion:The study found only around half of them is satisfied with services. Findings suggest infrastructure and drug alone will not improve the satisfaction, but the state need to improve the human aspects of services with more interaction and thorough examination of the clients. To improve services working conditions will have to be improved for health personnel.
The Household Water Insecurity Experiences (HWISE) Scale: comparison scores from 27 sites in 22 countries
Authors: Stoler Justin , Miller Joshua D. , Adams Ellis A. , Ahmed Farooq , Alexander Mallika , Asiki Gershim , Balogun Mobolanle , Boivin Michael J. , Brewis Alexandra , Carrillo Genny , Chapman Kelly , Cole Stroma , Collins Shalean M. , Escobar-Vargas Jorge , Eini-Zinab Hassan , Freeman Matthew C. , Ghorbani Monet , Hagaman Ashley , Hawley Nicola , Jamaluddine Zeina , Jepson Wendy E. , Krishnakumar Divya , Maes Kenneth , Mathad Jyoti , Maupin Jonathan , Owuor Patrick Mbullo , Morales Milton Marin , Morán-Martínez Javier , Omidvar Nasrin , Pearson Amber L. , Rasheed Sabrina , Rosinger Asher Y. , Samayoa-Figueroa Luisa , Sánchez-Rodríguez Ernesto C. , Santoso Marianne V. , Schuster Roseanne C. , Sheikhi Mahdieh , Srivastava Sonali , Staddon Chad , Sullivan Andrea , Tesfaye Yihenew , Trowell Alex , Tshala-Katumbay Desire , Tutu Raymond , Workman Cassandra L. , Wutich Amber , Young Sera L. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Household survey data from 27 sites in 22 countries were collected in 2017–2018 in order to construct and validate a cross-cultural household-level water insecurity scale. The resultant Household Water Insecurity Experiences (HWISE) scale presents a useful tool for monitoring and evaluating water interventions as a complement to traditional metrics used by the development community. It can also help track progress toward achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 6 ‘clean water and sanitation for all’. We present HWISE scale scores from 27 sites as comparative data for future studies using the HWISE scale in low- and middle-income contexts. Site-level mean scores for HWISE-12 (scored 0–36) ranged from 1.64 (SD 4.22) in Pune, India, to 20.90 (7.50) in Cartagena, Colombia, while site-level mean scores for HWISE-4 (scored 0–12) ranged from 0.51 (1.50) in Pune, India, to 8.21 (2.55) in Punjab, Pakistan. Scores tended to be higher in the dry season as expected. Data from this first implementation of the HWISE scale demonstrate the diversity of water insecurity within and across communities and can help to situate findings from future applications of this tool.
Evaluation and selection of CORDEX-SA datasets and bias correction methods for a hydrological impact study in a humid tropical river basin, Kerala
Authors: Saranya M. S. , Nair Vinish V. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIt is well recognised that the performance of climate model simulations and bias correction methods is region specific, and, therefore, careful validation should always be performed. This study evaluates the performance of five general circulation model–regional climate model (GCM–RCM) combinations selected from CORDEX–SA datasets over a humid tropical river basin in Kerala, India, for climate variables such as precipitation, maximum and minimum temperatures. This involves ranking of the selected climate models based on an EDAS (Evaluation Based on Distance from Average Solution) method and the selection of an appropriate bias correction method for the selected three climate variables. A range of indices are used to evaluate the performance of the bias-corrected climate models to simulate observed climate data. Finally, the hydrological impact of the bias-corrected ranked models is assessed by simulating streamflow over the river basin using individual models and different combinations of models based on rank. According to the findings, hydrological simulation using an average of all GCM–RCM pairs provides the best model output in simulating streamflow, with an NSE value of 0.72. The results confirm the importance of a multimodel ensemble for improving the reliability and minimising the uncertainty of climate predictions for impact studies.
New findings on the anaerobic co-digestion of thermally pretreated sludge and food waste: laboratory and pilot-scale studies
Authors: Donoso-Bravo Andrés , Toledo-Alarcón Javiera , Ortega Valentina , Barría Valeria , Lesty Yves , Fontana Jordi , Bossche Hugues Vanden 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Co-digestion of thermally pretreated sewage sludge with food waste is an innovative strategy that could improve the balance and availability of nutrients needed to increase the efficiency of anaerobic digestion in terms of biogas production. In this context, the aim of this research was to evaluate the impact of different proportions of sewage sludge/food waste in laboratory- and pilot-scale reactors. Special focus was placed on the impact of the variability of food waste composition on the behaviour of the pilot digester. Our results show that by adding 40% of co-substrate, a higher biogas production was possible during laboratory operation. Interestingly, using a co-substrate of variable composition had no negative impact on the reactor's stability at pilot-scale, promoting an increase in biogas production through a more efficient use of organic matter. In both the lab and pilot experiences there was an impact on the amount of nitrogen in the digestate compared to digester operating in monodigestion. This impact is more significant as the proportion of co-substrate rises. Overall, our results show that co-digestion of thermally pretreated sewage sludge with food waste allows better management of food waste, especially when their composition is variable.
Seguindo os traços da episteme moderno/colonial no Documento Curricular do Estado do Pará
Authors: Seixas Ribeiro Joyce Otânia 
Published: September 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo seguir alguns traços da episteme moderno/colonial presentes no Documento Curricular do Estado do Pará - DCEPará. O aporte teórico é o do giro decolonial com Mignolo (2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2014), Castro-Gómez (2007a, 2007b, 2014), Palermo (2014), e dos estudos curriculares com Silva (1999), Macedo (2014, 2015) e Lopes (2004). A etnografia multilocal, constitui a arte do fazer, um procedimento emergente e contestado, mas produtivo para a análise de documentos (MARCUS, 2001). Os resultados indicam que no DCEPará há muitos traços da episteme moderno/colonial, entre os quais a estrutura disciplinar e a homogeneização cultural. Os agentes estatais desviaram a atenção destes traços, disseminando uma retórica pedagógico-cultural crítica que defende a prática interdisciplinar, a diversidade e a participação. Concluo argumentando que a desobediência epistêmica é capaz de produzir uma política do conhecimento outra, orientada pela política do lugar, pela transdisciplinaridade e pela interculturalidade.
Inhibition of iNOS by Benzimidazole Derivatives: Synthesis, Docking, and Biological Evaluations
Authors: Bansal Yogita , Minhas Richa 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Inducible nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) plays a key role in the progression
of inflammatory diseases by accelerating the production of NO, which makes it an intriguing target
to treat inflammation in complex diseases. Therefore, the search is on to develop molecules as selective
iNOS inhibitors.

Objective:
The present work was aimed to design, synthesize and evaluate benzimidazole-coumarin
coupled molecules as anti-iNOS agents through in silico and pharmacological studies.

Methods:
A critical study of literature reports on iNOS inhibitors led to the selection of a
(un)substituted coumarin nucleus, 2-aminobenzimidazole, and a 4-atom linker as important structural
components for iNOS inhibition. Two series of compounds (7-16 and 17-26) were designed and synthesized
by coupling these components. The compounds were subjected to docking using iNOS
(1QW4) and nNOS (1QW6) as targets. All compounds were evaluated for NO and iNOS inhibitory
activities in vitro. The selected compound was finally evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity in vivo
using the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model.

Results:
All compounds showed moderate to good inhibition of NO and iNOS in vitro. Compound
12 was the most potent inhibitor of NO and iNOS. Hence, it was evaluated in vivo for toxicity and
anti-inflammatory activity. It was found to be safe in acute toxicity studies, and effective in reducing
the rat paw edema significantly. Its anti-inflammatory behaviour was similar to that of aminoguanidine,
which is a selective iNOS inhibitor.

Conclusion:
The newly synthesized benzimidazole-coumarin hybrids may serve as potential leads
for the development of novel anti-iNOS agents.
The Rehn-Meidner model and its role in the Swedish economic policy
Authors: Sawer Marta 
Published: September 2021

This paper aims to describe the Swedish Rehn-Meidner model, the cause of its creation, its features and the reasons for changes in the Swedish economic policy over several decades. The model was developed by two Swedish economists in 1951 and it impacted the economic policy over the following decades. It was intended to facilitate achieving the goals of full employment, price stability, economic growth and equality in a redistribution of income through the policies of solidarity wage, restrictive economy, active labour market and marginal employment. The model was designed as a solution to the "overheating" of the Swedish economy in the 1950s. The implementation of the model initially proved to be successful. However, in the 1970s the economic policy began to be more influenced by trade unions, acting mainly in their own interest. Due to the growing globalisation other external factors, such as oil crises and negative demand shocks, started to have an increasing impact on Sweden. It was when economic decisions started to shift away from the recommendations of the model, and the "golden age" of the 1950s and 1960s came to an end. The following analysis intends to explain what was the model characterisation, how it influenced Sweden's development, and why the country economic policy has changed over time. It also states that despite changes in the economy, certain elements of the model have remained valid until today.
Analysis of main problems and challenges in the functioning of voluntary fire brigades in the Mazovian Voivodeship
Authors: Żurawicka Paulina , Kierzkowska Monika , Piwowarczyk Dariusz 
Published: September 2021

The article presents results of an analysis of the main needs, problems and challenges in the functioning of volunteer fire brigades in the Mazovian Voivodeship. A survey addressed to the Mazovian OSP units was conducted in order to identify them. The analysis determined the needs of voluntary fire brigades in terms of improving their equipment, increasing the efficiency of their members to carry out rescue actions and collecting information about the readiness of the units to carry out rescue operations. The submitted answers made it possible to identify the forms of support preferred by the OSP units. This analysis is also supplemented with basic information on the National Firefighting and Rescue System and an analysis of the regulations constituting the legal grounds for functioning and financing of the voluntary fire brigades, including in particular the Act on Fire Protection of August 24, 1991, and the Associations Act of April 7, 1989.
Patients’ Perspectives on the Usability of a Blended Approach to an Integrated Intervention for Patients With Medically Unexplained Physical Symptoms: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Toonders Suze Adriana Johanna , van Westrienen Paula Elisabeth , Konings Sophie , Nieboer Marianne E , Veenhof Cindy , Pisters Martijn F 
Published: September 2021

Background
Medically unexplained physical symptoms are physical symptoms, such as pain, fatigue, and dizziness, that persist for more than a few weeks and cannot be explained after adequate medical examination. Treatment for preventing the chronicity of symptoms is recommended. A promising approach is identifying patients who are at risk and subsequently offering a blended care intervention that focuses on promoting self-management while using eHealth as a supportive tool. When these interventions match with a patient’s expectations, their effectiveness grows.

Objective
This study aimed to obtain more insights into usability from the patient perspective to improve future interventions.

Methods
A mixed methods design (ie, the use of qualitative and quantitative data) was used. Through semistructured interviews, in-depth insights were gained into patients’ perspectives on usability. The analysis process was continuous and iterative. Data were synthesized and categorized into different themes. The System Usability Scale, which measures the usability of a system, was used to compare participants that found usability to be low, medium, or high. This study was approved by the Medical Ethical Committee Utrecht (approval number: 17-391/C).

Results
Saturation was reached after interviewing 13 participants. The following four themes emerged from the interviews: motivations and expectations prior to participating in the program, the applicability of e-coaching, the role of health care professionals, and the integrated design of the blended approach.

Conclusions
The successful implementation of integrated blended care interventions based on patients’ perspectives requires matching treatments to patients’ individual situations and motivations. Furthermore, personalizing the relative frequency of face-to-face appointments and e-coaching can improve usability.