bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On Efficiency and Localisation for the Torsion Function
Authors: Berg M. van den , Bucur D. , Kappeler T. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe consider the torsion function for the Dirichlet Laplacian −Δ, and for the Schrödinger operator −Δ + V on an open set ${\Omega }\subset \mathbb {R}^{m}$
Ω
⊂

ℝ

m

of finite Lebesgue measure $0<|{\Omega }|<\infty $
0
<
|
Ω
|
<
∞
with a real-valued, non-negative, measurable potential V. We investigate the efficiency and the phenomenon of localisation for the torsion function, and their interplay with the geometry of the first Dirichlet eigenfunction.
Automated synthesis of steady-state continuous processes using reinforcement learning
Authors: Göttl Quirin , Grimm Dominik G. , Burger Jakob 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAutomated flowsheet synthesis is an important field in computer-aided process engineering. The present work demonstrates how reinforcement learning can be used for automated flowsheet synthesis without any heuristics or prior knowledge of conceptual design. The environment consists of a steady-state flowsheet simulator that contains all physical knowledge. An agent is trained to take discrete actions and sequentially build up flowsheets that solve a given process problem. A novel method named SynGameZero is developed to ensure good exploration schemes in the complex problem. Therein, flowsheet synthesis is modelled as a game of two competing players. The agent plays this game against itself during training and consists of an artificial neural network and a tree search for forward planning. The method is applied successfully to a reaction-distillation process in a quaternary system.
Influence of selected biogenic amines on development and demographic parameters of a temperate population of Cinara (Cupressobium) cupressi (Hemiptera, Aphididae)
Authors: Wieczorek Karina , Świątek Piotr , Durak Roma 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCinara (Cupressobium) cupressi, the cypress aphid, is a serious pest of Cupressus spp. and other Cupressaceae, considered to be one of the world’s 100 worst invasive alien species. The potential influence of selected biogenic amines (tryptamine, tyramine, putrescine, and cadaverine) on development and demographic parameters of a temperate population of the cypress aphid was investigated under laboratory conditions. Within parthenogenetic generations, the use of biogenic amines resulted in a significant reduction in the total fecundity and the average daily fecundity both in the fundatrix (F0) and the fundatrigeniae (F1), whereas this influence in the F5 generation was insignificant. In all parthenogenetic generations treated with amines, the dissected female abdomen contained a greater number of mature embryos compared to control samples. Cadaverine caused marked changes in the body length of all viviparous generations studied and a significant reduction in the number of developing embryos, compared to the control sample. The use of biogenic amines did not significantly affect the number of eggs produced by oviparous females but had an impact on their lifespan. Our results indicate that biogenic amines application may disrupt feeding behavior and thus leads to reduced fecundity, consistent with the observation of reduced embryo production. Consequently, bioamines can be used as an alternative agents to control this important pest species.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: The function of Cav-1 in
MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell migration and invasion induced by ectopic ATP5B
Authors: Dong Xinjie , Li Yilei , Li Wei , Kang Wenzhe , Tang Rong , Wu Wenyi , Xing Ziyi , Zhou Lijuan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Ectopic ATP5B, which is located in a unique type of lipid raft caveolar
structure, can be upregulated by cholesterol loading. As the structural component of
caveolae, Cav-1 is a molecular hub that is involved in transmembrane signaling. In a
previous study, the ATP5B-specific binding peptide B04 was shown to inhibit the migration
and invasion of prostate cancer cells, and the expression of ATP5B on the plasma membrane of
MDA-MB-231 cells was confirmed. The present study investigated the effect of ectopic ATP5B
on the migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells and examined the involvement of Cav-1.
Cholesterol loading increased the level of ectopic ATP5B and promoted cell migration and
invasion. These effects were blocked by B04. Ectopic ATP5B was physically colocalized with
Cav-1, as demonstrated by double immunofluorescence staining and coimmunoprecipitation.
After Cav-1 knockdown, the migration and invasion abilities of MDA-MB-231 cells were
significantly decreased, suggesting that Cav-1 influences the function of ectopic ATP5B.
Furthermore, these effects were not reversed after treatment with cholesterol. We concluded
that Cav-1 may participate in MDA-MB-231 cell migration and invasion induced by binding to
ectopic ATP5B.
Vascular-confined multi-passage discoidal nanoconstructs for the low-dose docetaxel inhibition of triple-negative breast cancer growth
Authors: Felici Alessia , Di Mascolo Daniele , Ferreira Miguel , Lauciello Simone , Bono Luca , Armirotti Andrea , Pitchaimani Arunkumar , Palange Anna Lisa , Decuzzi Paolo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTaxane efficacy in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is limited by insufficient tumor accumulation and severe off-target effects. Nanomedicines offer a unique opportunity to enhance the anti-cancer potency of this drug. Here, 1,000 nm × 400 nm discoidal polymeric nanoconstructs (DPN) encapsulating docetaxel (DTXL) and the near infrared compound lipid-Cy5 were engineered. DPN were obtained by filling multiple times cylindrical wells in a poly(vinyl alcohol) template with a polymer mixture comprising poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEG-DA) chains together with therapeutic and imaging agents. The resulting “multi-passage” DPN exhibited higher DTXL loading, lipid-Cy5 stability, and stiffness as compared to the conventional “single-passage” approach. Confocal microscopy confirmed that DTXL-DPN were not taken up by MDA-MB-231 cells but would rather sit next to the cell membrane and slowly release DTXL thereof. Empty DPN had no toxicity on TNBC cells, whereas DTXL-DPN presented a cytotoxic potential comparable to free DTXL (IC50 = 2.6 nM ± 1.0 nM vs. 7.0 nM ± 1.09 nM at 72 h). In orthotopic murine models, DPN accumulated in TNBC more efficiently than free-DTXL. With only 2 mg/kg DTXL, intravenously administered every 2 days for a total of 13 treatments, DTXL-DPN induced tumor regression and were associated to an overall 80% survival rate as opposed to a 30% survival rate for free-DTXL, at 120 days. All untreated mice succumbed before 90 days. Collectively, this data demonstrates that vascular confined multi-passage DPN, biomimicking the behavior of circulating platelets, can efficiently deliver chemotherapeutic molecules to malignant tissues and effectively treat orthotopic TNBC at minimal taxane doses.
De novo hydroponics system efficiency for the cuttings of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
Authors: Zhao Zhili , Zhang Wenyu , Liu Yang , Li Shuai , Yao Wu , Sun Xiaohui , Li Siyu , Ma Lichao , Sun Juan , Yang Qingchuan , Li Yongxiang , Yang Guofeng , Wang Zeng-Yu , Cong Lili 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe legume plant alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a widely cultivated perennial forage due to its high protein content, palatability, and strong adaptability to diverse agro-ecological zones. Alfalfa is a self-incompatible cross-pollinated autotetraploid species with tetrasomic inheritance. Therefore, maintaining excellent traits through seed reproduction is a prime challenge in alfalfa. However, the cutting propagation technology could enable consistent multiplication of quality plants that are genetically identical to the parent plant. The current study aimed to develop a simple, cost-effective, reproducible, and efficient hydroponic cutting method to preserve alfalfa plants and for molecular research. In this study, alfalfa landrace ‘Wudi’ was grown in hydroponics for 30 days and used as source material for cuttings. The top, middle and bottom sections of its stem were used as cuttings. The rooting rate, root length, and stem height of the different stem sections were compared to determine the best segment for alfalfa propagation in four nutrient treatments (HM, HM + 1/500H, HM + 1/1000H and d HM + 1/2000H). After 21 days of culture, the rooting rates of all the three stem types under four cutting nutrient solutions were above 78%. The rooting rate of the middle and bottom parts in HM + 1/1000 H and HM + 1/2000 H nutrient solutions reached more than 93%, with a higher health survey score (> 4.70). In conclusion, this study developed a de novo cutting propagation method that can be used to conserve and propagate germplasm in breeding programs and research. This method is a new report on the cutting propagation of alfalfa by hydroponics, which could supplement the existing cutting propagation methods.
Process monitoring for material extrusion additive manufacturing: a state-of-the-art review
Authors: Oleff Alexander , Küster Benjamin , Stonis Malte , Overmeyer Ludger 
Published: May 2021

AbstractQualitative uncertainties are a key challenge for the further industrialization of additive manufacturing. To solve this challenge, methods for measuring the process states and properties of parts during additive manufacturing are essential. The subject of this review is in-situ process monitoring for material extrusion additive manufacturing. The objectives are, first, to quantify the research activity on this topic, second, to analyze the utilized technologies, and finally, to identify research gaps. Various databases were systematically searched for relevant publications and a total of 221 publications were analyzed in detail. The study demonstrated that the research activity in this field has been gaining importance. Numerous sensor technologies and analysis algorithms have been identified. Nonetheless, research gaps exist in topics such as optimized monitoring systems for industrial material extrusion facilities, inspection capabilities for additional quality characteristics, and standardization aspects. This literature review is the first to address process monitoring for material extrusion using a systematic and comprehensive approach.
Corrigendum to: The asymptotic profile of an eta-theta quotient related to entanglement entropy in string theory
Authors: Males Joshua 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis corrigendum serves to correct the article [1, Theorem 1.1]. In doing so, we correct the proof and statement of Theorem 3.7, and see that one may disregard Proposition 3.4, Lemma 3.5 and Proposition 3.6.
Optimized integrated design of a high-frequency medical ultrasound transducer with genetic algorithm
Authors: Babazadeh Khameneh Ali , Chabok Hamid Reza , Nejat Pishkenari Hossein 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDesigning efficient acoustic stack and elements for high-frequency (HF) medical ultrasound (US) transducers involves various interrelated parameters. So far, optimizing spatial resolution and acoustic field intensity simultaneously has been a daunting task in the area of HF medical US imaging. Here, we introduce optimized design for a 50-MHz US probe for skin tissue imaging. We have developed an efficient design and simulation approach using Krimholtz, Leedom and Matthaei (KLM) equivalent circuit model and spatial impulse response method by means of Field II software. These KLM model and Field II software are integrated, and a GA algorithm is used to optimize the design of the US transducer to obtain the best imaging performance. As a result, a 50-MHz single element probe is effectively optimized with 5 mm acoustic focal length, 72 $$\upmu {\text{m}}$$

μ
m

lateral, and 42 $$\upmu {\text{m}}$$

μ
m

axial imaging resolution, with an enhancement in imaging resolution over the conventionally designed and simulated probe by 10%. This work has the potential to benefit many applications that require a fast, high-resolution and strong US focus in skin imaging.
A cluster analysis of dynamics in adolescent romantic relationships
Authors: Couture Stéphanie , Fernet Mylène , Hébert Martine 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTIntroductionWhile several studies involving adolescents have addressed issues related to romantic relationships and dating violence, there is a limited understanding of adolescent romantic relationship dynamics. Typological analyses have been useful to provide targeted interventions and to simplify our understanding of complex phenomena.MethodsThis study explored dynamics in adolescent romantic relationships, considering the interaction between romantic partner characteristics to identify dyadic profiles. A sample of 90 heterosexual dyads of Canadian adolescents (Mage = 18.44 years, SD = 1.47) completed a self‐reported questionnaire. A hierarchical cluster analysis was conducted based on the dimensions of the Circumplex Model of Marital and Family Systems (i.e., cohesion, flexibility, and communication; Olson & Gorall, 2003).ResultsAnalysis revealed four profiles of romantic relationship dynamics: 1) balanced dynamic (51.0% of the sample); 2) hampered dynamic (8.3%); 3) entangled dynamic (20.8%); and 4) rigid dynamic (13.5%). Taking into account the variations between and within dyads, results highlight the diversity of romantic experiences and offer a better understanding of the intricacies of different adolescent romantic relationship dynamics. Correlates indicated that the profiles can be distinguished by different personal and interpersonal characteristics.ConclusionThis study emphasizes the importance of integrating a more person‐ and dyad‐oriented framework in our understanding of adolescent romantic dynamics, since a unique approach to prevention and intervention may not address the needs of all adolescents. The results provided important insight into the identified profiles, guiding dating violence prevention efforts and programs and promoting harmonious and egalitarian romantic relationships.
Humanitarian Training With Virtual Simulation During a Pandemic
Authors: Kivlehan Sean M. , Tenney Kathryne , Plasmati Sam , Bollettino Vincenzo , Farineau Katie , Nilles Eric J. , Gottlieb Greg , Kayden Stephanie R. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThere is an ongoing and established need for humanitarian training and professionalization. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic disrupted training programs designed to accomplish this goal, including the Humanitarian Response Intensive Course, which includes a 3-d immersive simulation to prepare humanitarian workers for future field work. To provide program continuity, the 3-d simulation was quickly adapted to a virtual format using a combination of video conferencing, short messaging service, and cloud-based file storage software. Participants were geographically dispersed and participated virtually. Learning objectives were preserved, while some components not amenable to a virtual format were removed.A virtual humanitarian training simulation is a feasible, acceptable, and affordable alternative to an in-person simulation. Participants were engaged and experienced minimal technological disruptions. The majority of students believed the format met or exceeded expectations. However, feedback also emphasized the importance of providing sufficient time for team collaboration and deliverable preparation in the simulation schedule. The virtual format was more affordable than the traditional in-person simulation, and diverse expert faculty who could not have attended in-person were able to participate. This format could be used to overcome other barriers to in-person simulation training, including geographic, financial, time, or security.
Forecasting COVID-19 Cases Based on Social Distancing in Maryland, USA: A Time–Series Approach
Authors: Cruz-Cano Raul , Ma Tianzhou , Yu Yifan , Lee Minha , Liu Hongjie 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjective:Our objective is to forecast the number of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases in the state of Maryland, United States, using transfer function time series (TS) models based on a Social Distancing Index (SDI) and determine how their parameters relate to the pandemic mechanics.Methods:A moving window of 2 mo was used to train the transfer function TS model that was then tested on the next week data. After accounting for a secular trend and weekly cycle of the SDI, a high correlation was documented between it and the daily caseload 9 days later. Similar patterns were also observed on the daily COVID-19 cases and incorporated in our models.Results:In most cases, the proposed models provide a reasonable performance that was, on average, moderately better than that delivered by TS models based only on previous observations. The model coefficients associated with the SDI were statistically significant for most of the training/test sets.Conclusions:Our proposed models that incorporate SDI can forecast the number of COVID-19 cases in a region. Their parameters have real-life interpretations and, hence, can help understand the inner workings of the epidemic. The methods detailed here can help local health governments and other agencies adjust their response to the epidemic.
Mapping modifiable determinants of medication adherence in bipolar disorder (BD) to the theoretical domains framework (TDF): a systematic review
Authors: Prajapati Asta Ratna , Dima Alexandra , Mosa George , Scott Sion , Song Fujian , Wilson Jonathan , Bhattacharya Debi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundAround 40% of people with bipolar disorder (BD) are non-adherent to medication leading to relapse, hospitalisation and increased suicide risk. Limited progress in addressing non-adherence may be partly attributable to insufficient understanding of the modifiable determinants of adherence that require targeting in interventions. We synthesised the modifiable determinants of adherence in BD and map them to the theoretical domains framework (TDF).MethodWe searched CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, LILACS, Medline, PsychINFO and PubMed until February 2020. We included studies reporting modifiable determinants of adherence in BD. Two reviewers independently screened studies, assessed quality, extracted modifiable determinants and mapped them to TDF.ResultsWe included 57 studies involving 32 894 participants. Determinants reported by patients spanned 11 of the 14 TDF domains compared to six domains represented by clinician/researcher. The TDF domains most commonly represented (% and example) in studies were: ‘Environmental context and resources’ (63%, e.g. experiencing side effects), ‘Beliefs about consequences’ (63%, e.g. beliefs about medication effects), ‘Knowledge’ (40%, e.g. knowledge about disorder), ‘Social influences’ (33%, e.g. support from family/clinicians), ‘Memory, attention and decision processes’ (33%, e.g. forgetfulness), ‘Emotion’ (21%, e.g. fear of addiction) and ‘Intentions’ (21%, e.g. wanting alternative treatment). ‘Intentions’, ‘Memory, attention and decision processes’ and ‘Emotion’ domains were only reported by patients but not clinicians.ConclusionsClinicians may be underappreciating the full range of modifiable determinants of adherence and thus not providing adherence support reflective of patients' needs. Reporting of modifiable determinants in behavioural terms facilitates developing theory-based interventions to address non-adherence in BD.
Higher order functions and Brouwer’s thesis
Authors: STERLING JONATHAN 
Published: May 2021

AbstractExtending Martín Escardó’seffectful forcingtechnique, we give a new proof of a well-known result: Brouwer’s monotone bar theorem holds for any bar that can be realized by a functional of type (ℕ→ℕ)→ℕ in Gödel’sSystem T. Effectful forcing is an elementary alternative to standard sheaf-theoretic forcing arguments, using ideas from programming languages, including computational effects, monads, the algebra interpretation of call-by-name λ-calculus, and logical relations.Our argument proceeds by interpretingSystem Tprograms as well-founded dialogue trees whose nodes branch on a query to an oracle of type ℕ→ℕ, lifted to higher type along a call-by-name translation. To connect this interpretation to the bar theorem, we then show that Brouwer’s famous “mental constructions” of barhood constitute an invariant form of these dialogue trees in which queries to the oracle are made maximally and in order.
Rain fade margin of terrestrial line-of-sight (LOS) links for 5G networks in Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Seah Shi Jie , Jong Siat Ling , Lam Hong Yin , Din Jafri 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAdvanced telecommunication systems are moving toward a high data transfer rate and wider bandwidth. The 5G communication network has recently been implemented for such aims. However, 5G networks operating with high operating frequency (typically above 20 GHz) could lead to impairments because of the atmospheric phenomena mainly precipitation and especially heavy rain. To address this, an optimum rain fade margin for the 5G network in Peninsular Malaysia is proposed using 77 sites of the rain-gauge network, which convert 1-h rain data to 1-min rain data by means of the international telecommunication union recommendation (ITU-R) P.837-7 model. Long-term rain attenuation statistics are obtained from ITU-R P.530-17 and the synthetic storm technique. The predicted rain attenuation is also presented in monthly statistics and in rain attenuation contour maps. The analysis showed that at 99.99% of link availability, the optimum rain fade margin operating at 26 GHz link should be in the range of 6.50 to 10 dB and 7 to 11 dB at 28 GHz link for a 5G network. Such information is useful for network operators and system engineers for the operation of 5G terrestrial microwave links in heavy rain regions.
Insights on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Co‐Limitation in Global Croplands From Theoretical and Modeling Fertilization Experiments
Authors: Ringeval Bruno , Kvakić Marko , Augusto Laurent , Ciais Philippe , Goll Daniel S. , Mueller Nathaniel D. , Müller Christoph , Nesme Thomas , Vuichard Nicolas , Wang Xuhui , Pellerin Sylvain 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSingle and combined fertilization additions are a common tool to assess the interactions between nutrients in a given ecosystem. While such experiments can allow systems to be defined into categories of nutrient interactions, for example, simultaneous co‐limitation or single resource response, this categorization may itself be sensitive to way nutrient interactions are mathematically formulated. To this end, we developed a theoretical analysis of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilization experiments based on the computation of ratios between plant demand and soil supply for each nutrient to explore two mathematical interaction formalisms: Liebig's law of minimum (LM) and the multiple limitation hypothesis (MH). We defined, for each interaction formalism, what conditions (in terms of supply and demand in N and P) are required to make the ecosystem in each category of nutrient interaction. Notably, we showed that synergistic co‐limitation could occur even using LM formalism under certain conditions. We then applied our framework to global maps of soil nutrient supply and of crop nutrient demand to achieve the potential yield. This was done to examine how the choice of interaction formalism influenced the occurrence of nutrient interaction categories. MH predicts true co‐limitation for ∼40% of the global maize area where LM predicts other categories of nutrient interaction, particularly single resource P limitation (whose the exact occurrence is, however, sensitive to the amount of P applied in the fertilization experiments). Our study identified areas where real fertilization experiments are required to choose between LM or MH to best represent nutrient interaction in croplands.