bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnóstico de la educación superior universitaria en el Centro Regional Universitario de Colón: un enfoque de género
Authors: De Santana Omayra , De Becerra Betzabeth , Leal C. L. Ramón , Rivas Johana , Ruiz Doris 
Published: January 2025

En la Agenda 2030 el Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible 5 (ODS 5) aspira: lograr la igualdad como un derecho humano fundamental y uno de los fundamentos esenciales para construir un mundo pacífico, próspero y sostenible. En 2015, Panamá adoptó los ODS. Al 2016, presentó su I Reporte con líneas estratégicas para avanzar en la Agenda 2030. En 2017 el Gobierno presentó un Plan Estratégico Nacional priorizando acciones para alcanzar los ODS y en 2020 presentó el II Informe. Se utilizaron los Planes Estratégicos de Gobierno para la implementación y seguimiento de los ODS. El Índice de los ODS (2020), ubicó al país en la posición 81 de 166 países, mejorando 9 posiciones en relación con el año anterior. En instituciones de educación superior universitarias públicas de Panamá, hay variedad de mecanismos para alinearse con la Agenda 2030 (implementación, seguimiento y medición). ONU propuso indicadores mundiales para orientar el monitoreo y medición, entre éstos el ODS5. Los efectos de la COVID-19 podrían haber revertido los escasos logros que se habrían alcanzado en materia de igualdad de género. ONU-Mujeres hizo una propuesta para mitigar el impacto y para la recuperación a largo plazo; una de ellas: garantizar que los datos y mecanismos de coordinación incluyan la perspectiva de género. ¿Qué mecanismos estaría utilizando la Universidad de Panamá para alinearse con la agenda ODS 2030 y para la implementación, seguimiento y medición de éstos? ¿Cuáles son las principales desigualdades de género presentes en el contexto universitario del CRU de Colón? Es necesario desdoblar los indicadores del ODS5 en encuestas periódicas y/o otros instrumentos de recolección de datos (cuantitativos y cualitativos) para medir el avance y/o en la educación superior universitaria. La norma provee acceso a las oportunidades, no da evidencias de ser discriminatoria. No obstante, los resultados parecen indicar que no existe igualdad sustantiva. Parece haber un esfuerzo individual para que las mujeres logren sus metas y no un cambio en el papel de la mujer en la sociedad y, en el acceso, permanencia, egreso de la carrera docente - administrativa y en la dirección y gestión universitaria.
Comparison of Properties (stress, resistance and deformation) between low and high carbon steel
Authors: Zumba Novay Ember Geovanny , Santillan Mariño Carlos José , Cuenca Pérez Daniela Estefanía , Espinoza Gallo Joan David 
Published: January 2025

The objective of this study is to perform a detailed comparison of the stress, strength and deformation properties between high and low carbon steels to determine their mechanical behavior in different applications. The research is qualitative, descriptive, focusing on the theoretical analysis of the mechanical properties of steel, which is based on the compilation of information from different authors. The differences in the microstructure and mechanical properties of the two steels were analyzed. A comparison of the mechanical properties of low carbon steel and high carbon steel provides valuable information for application in various industrial processes, allowing the selection of the most suitable type of steel according to specific strength and deformation requirements. The research found that the carbon content significantly affects the microstructure of the steel and, consequently, the mechanical properties. Compared with high carbon steel, low carbon steel has lower strength and deformation. High carbon steel has greater strength, but is also more prone to warping under certain loads.
The SDSS-V Local Volume Mapper: Data Analysis Pipeline
Authors: Sánchez Sebastián F. , Mejía-Narváez Alfredo , Egorov Oleg V. , Kreckel Kathryn , Drory Niv , Blanc Guillermo A. , Méndez-Delgado J. Eduardo , Barrera-Ballesteros Jorge K. , Ibarra-Medel Hector , Bizyaev Dmitry , García Pablo , Wofford Aida , Lugo-Aranda Alejandra Z. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We introduce the data analysis pipeline (DAP) for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey V Local Volume Mapper (LVM) project, referred to as the LVM-DAP. We outline our methods for recovering both stellar and emission-line components from optical integral field spectroscopy, highlighting the developments and changes implemented to address specific challenges of the data set. The observations from the LVM project are unique because they cover a wide range of physical resolutions, from approximately 0.05 pc to 100 pc, depending on the distance to the target. This, along with the varying number of stars sampled in each aperture (ranging from zero, just one to a few, to thousands), presents challenges in using previous spectral synthesis methods and interpreting the spectral fits. We provide a detailed explanation of how we model the stellar content and separate it from the ionized gas emission lines. To assess the accuracy of our results, we compare them with both idealized and more realistic simulations, highlighting the limitations of our methods. We find that the DAP robustly corrects for stellar continuum features and recovers emission-line parameters (e.g., flux, equivalent width, systemic velocity, and velocity dispersion) with precision and accuracy that fulfill the requirements of the primary goal of the analysis. In addition, the recovered stellar parameters are reliable for single stars, while the recovery of integrated populations is less precise. We conclude with a description of the data products we provide, instructions for downloading and using our software, and a showcase illustrating the quality of the data and the analysis on a deep exposure taken on the Huygens region at the center of the Orion Nebula.
Optimizing orthodontic anchorage: comparative evaluation of larger diameter, shorter length mini-implants for enhanced mechanical stability
Authors: Junnarkar Swapnil , Sabane Anand , Patil Amol , Tepan Meenal , Rout Tanisha , Sharma Sonakshi , Gholap Arati 
Published: January 2025

Aim: We aim to assess and contrast the mechanical stability of two mini-implant designs, featuring larger diameters and shorter lengths, for orthodontic anchorage against a conventional group of implants.
Materials and methods: Three groups of mini-implant underwent testing: the implants in Group 1 were 2.5 mm in diameter and 4 mm in length; the implants in Group 2 were 3 mm in diameter and 3 mm in length; and the conventional group implants were 1.3 mm in diameter and 7 mm in length. Both types were Abso Anchor mini-implants (Dentos Inc.). The implants’ mechanical stability was assessed using the maximum insertion torque (MIT), the maximum removal torque (MRT), and the angulated lateral displacement tests for compression and tension force vectors. Fourteen mini-implants of each design were used to measure MIT and MRT. Seven mini-implants of each design were tested for lateral displacement.
Results: Torque tests - Group 2 mini-implants showed superior primary stability with higher MIT and MRT values compared to Group 1 and the conventional group implants. Lateral displacement tests - Group 2 mini-implants required significantly greater compressive force than those in Group 1 and the conventional group. Tension force for lateral displacements was similar between the three groups.
Conclusion: Group 2 mini-implants, with larger diameters and shorter lengths, demonstrated superior primary stability over Group 1 implants. Despite the differences in compressive force, all three groups performed similarly under tension in lateral displacement tests.
Evaluation of indocyanine green antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in radical species elimination: an in vitro study
Authors: Tanev Mihail Z. , Tomov Georgi T. , Georgiev Kostadin G. , Georgieva Ekaterina D. , Petkova-Parlapanska Kamelia V. , Nikolova Galina D. , Karamalakova Yanka D. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) utilizes light-sensitive materials to inactivate pathogens. Indocyanine green (ICG) is an FDA-approved photosensitizer known for its effective photo-thermal and photo-chemical properties.
Aim: This study evaluates the efficacy of ICG-based aPDT in eliminating reactive species compared to methylene blue (MtB) using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy.
Materials and methods: Solid samples of ICG and MtB were prepared at 0.33% concentrations. Solutions were irradiated with lasers at 810 nm and 630 nm, respectively. EPR spectroscopy measured reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Spin-trapping agents assessed alkyl radicals, superoxide, and singlet oxygen.
Results: ICG demonstrated higher scavenging activity for ROS/RNS compared to MtB. Under PDT, ICG significantly enhanced the reduction of photooxidative stress markers in vitro.
Conclusions: ICG combined with aPDT is more effective than MtB in reducing ROS/RNS, indicating its potential for enhanced antimicrobial applications.
Assessing the Prevalence and Characteristics of Dental Anxiety among Patients Reporting to Dental Operatory
Authors: Raut Pooja , Godbole Surekha , Nimonkar Sharayu Vinod , Belkhode Vikram Murlidhar , Bansod Akansha Vilas , Pisulkar Sweta Kale 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Approximately 36% of the population is stated to be affected by dental anxiety or dental fear, with a further 12% suffering from extreme dental fear. In a dental context, worry, anxiety, or tension are referred to as dental anxiety. According to reports, it is a prevalent issue that affects many societies.

Aim:
This cross-sectional study assessed the incidence and characteristics of dental anxiety in patients reporting to the dental operatory.

Methodology:
A questionnaire-based survey was carried out with 100 participants (50 males and 50 females), reporting to the Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital for dental treatment. The Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS), a systematic and validated tool, was used to measure the participants’ dental anxiety levels.

Results:
Descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Of the participating patients, 48% were female, 42% were male, and 90% of the population belonged to the high fear group. Merely 10% of the group had little fear (P < 0.001). A significant difference (P < 0.05) in the mean overall anxiety score among the age groups was seen, which decreased with age. The patient with dental anxiety was 35.84 ± 13.5 years old on average.

Conclusion:
The most popular dental procedures are significantly correlated with dental fear. The results of this study will assist a practicing dentist in identifying patients who suffer from dental anxiety so that they can receive primary treatment at a specialty clinic, along with comprehensive psychological evaluation, support, and therapy.
Maternal Risk Factors in Congenital Anomalies Admitted to a Tertiary Healthcare Institute: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Joglekar Praveen N , Mendhe Harshal Gajanan , Juneja Hemant Tekchand 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Major congenital malformations occur in approximately 2% of human births. The objective of this study was to examine the sociodemographic profile of mothers whose children have congenital anomalies, to analyze the spectrum of these anomalies, and to explore the relationship between epidemiological risk factors and the identified congenital anomalies, focusing on the anatomical organs and systems involved.

Methods:
This was a cross-sectional, hospital-based study conducted at a tertiary care institute in Mumbai. Using convenience sampling, 450 children with congenital anomalies were enrolled in the study. Diagnosed cases of congenital anomalies that met the inclusion criteria and were admitted to various wards of the tertiary care institute for treatment were selected. The necessary data were collected and compiled using Microsoft Excel 2007. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 17 software, with averages and percentages applied as statistical tools.

Results:
Of the children studied, 71.3% (321/450) were male and 28.7% (129/450) were female. In both sexes, congenital anomalies were more prevalent in the age group of 0–6 months. The majority of children with congenital anomalies were born full term (86.9%).

Conclusion:
Among the various anomalies, the cardiovascular system was the most commonly affected, accounting for 42% of cases. Ventricular septal defect was the most common congenital anomaly observed followed by tetralogy of Fallot. The heart was the most frequently involved organ, followed by the rectum and anal canal.
Assessment of Statin-induced Adverse Effects in Hospitalized Patients: A Clinical Evaluation
Authors: Muthal Amol , Mahadik Ankita , Sukre Prasad , Raut Asavari , Kalra Ravi 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Statins are essential in reducing cardiovascular risks, yet they are associated with various adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Understanding the prevalence and severity of these ADRs is crucial in improving patient safety and compliance. This study focuses on evaluating statin-induced ADRs in hospitalized patients to provide clinical insights into their management.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective longitudinal study was conducted on 307 patients receiving statins for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. A regular telephonic follow-up of patients was conducted on phone calls every night, and the patients were encouraged to self-report ADRs.

Results:
Our analysis showed that atorvastatin was the most commonly prescribed statin, with a 40.25% overall incidence of statin-induced ADRs. Myalgia was the most frequent ADR, especially in males. Rosuvastatin 20 mg and 80 mg had significantly higher ADR incidences compared to atorvastatin at the same dosage (P = 0.011 and P = 0.037, respectively). Causality assessment deemed 88.88% of ADRs as probable. Univariate analysis indicated atorvastatin had a higher ADR risk (odds ratio [OR]: 2.054, P = 0.031, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.067–3.954) compared to rosuvastatin, and atorvastatin 40 mg had more ADRs than other doses (OR: 2.098, P = 0.015, 95% CI: 1.154–3.814). Most atorvastatin-induced ADRs were mild (86.23%).

Conclusion:
The investigation revealed a substantial incidence of statin-induced ADRs. Myalgia being the most frequently observed ADRs. However, it is more prevalent in males as compared with females. Atorvastatin was associated with a higher incidence of ADRs. Despite this, the majority of atorvastatin-induced ADRs are mild.
Comparing the Assessment of Upper Extremity Functional Performance in Violinists and Nonviolinists
Authors: Mahunta Bhagyashree , Rawane Divyangana 
Published: January 2025

Background:
The violinist shows various playing-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMDs) to the upper extremity due to the static load of the violin and repetitive string movement. Comparing the upper extremity functional performance of violinists with the general nonviolinist population will help to track the PRMDs and help to prevent them with proper training.

Methodology:
After including the violinist as per the selection criteria to assess their upper extremity function, the Timed Functional Arm and Shoulder Test (TFAST) was taken. After the data collection, appropriate statistical analysis was done.

Results:
The TFAST of the left and right sides in violinists and nonviolinists were compared by applying an unpaired t-test which shows (at 95% confidence interval) P = 0.0004 and P = 0.0082, respectively, which is considered to be extremely statistically significant.

Conclusion:
The upper extremity functional performance of violinists was better with higher TFAST scores on both the left and right sides compared to nonviolinists. These findings suggest that the increased muscle activity and static postures enhance the functional performance of violin players.
Profile of Serum Inflammatory Biomarkers in Children with Peritonitis and their Role in Predicting the Severity and Outcome
Authors: Vibhash Chandra , Choudhury Subhasis Roy , Maheshwari Anu , Sarin Yogesh Kumar , Sharma Sunita , Singh Ritu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Aims and Objectives:
The aim of this study was to determine whether the levels of serum inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6 [IL-6], calprotectin, and N terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide [NT-proBNP]) predict the severity and outcome in children with peritonitis. The primary objective was to evaluate the profile of these serum inflammatory biomarkers in children with peritonitis. The secondary objectives were to correlate the level of these biomarkers with pediatric sequential organ failure assessment (pSOFA) severity score at admission and predict the outcome (mortality).

Methods:
In this prospective observational study, the level of above serum inflammatory biomarkers in children with peritonitis was measured at the time of admission. The disease severity was assessed using pSOFA score and the association of these biomarkers with the outcomes was studied.

Results:
A total of 80 children with peritonitis (M: F:: 9:7, mean age: 6.22 ± 3.7 years) were included. The median values of serum CRP, IL-6, calprotectin, and NT-proBNP were 196.88 mg/L (interquartile range [IQR]: 124.37, 285.6), 6.74 pg/ml (IQR: 1.87, 12.54), 46750 μg/L (IQR: 17937.5, 84075), and 365.2 ng/L (IQR: 170, 1034), respectively. Serum CRP and NT-proBNP correlated with pSOFA score. The pSOFA score >4 and serum NT-proBNP were significant in predicting mortality in children with peritonitis (p < 0.001).

Conclusion:
In children with peritonitis, serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers, i.e. CRP, calprotectin, and NT-proBNP were found to be raised, whereas IL-6 was not raised. The pSOFA score >4 predicted mortality. The serum levels of NT-proBNP were significantly raised in nonsurvivors in children with peritonitis, therefore, can be used as a predictor of severity and mortality in children with peritonitis.
Prognostic Correlation of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor with Radiological Tumor Size in Pediatric Nephroblastoma and Neuroblastoma: A Prospective Study
Authors: Kanneganti Pujana , Kumar Basant , Mathew Priya , Agarwal Vikas , Yadav Rajanikant , Mandelia Ankur , Upadhyay Vijai Datta 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Angiogenesis plays an important role in the growth, progression, and metastasis of solid tumors. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF); both are potent angiogenic factors implicated with the growth and metastasis of solid tumors mostly in adult studies. Rapidly growing and large-size tumors have a positive correlation with these factors which are measured in serum and urine samples of patients. There is little literature available for pediatric patients that compare the computed tomography findings (size) of pediatric solid tumors with serum VEGF and serum/urinary bFGF.
This prospective study aims to determine the correlation of serum VEGF and serum/urinary bFGF with the size of common pediatric solid tumors (nephroblastoma and neuroblastoma [NB]) to determine its diagnostic and prognostic significance.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective case–control study was done for 3 years (December 2020 to November 2023) at our institute. All children aged 1 day to 18 years admitted with the diagnosis of NB and nephroblastoma (Wilms’ tumor [WT]) were included after parental consent. The control group includes children of varying ages without any malignancy. Blood and urinary samples were collected at admission before or a week after the biopsy and the level of bFGF and VEGF was analyzed with the ELISA method. Triple-phase computed tomographies along with recommended evaluation were performed according to the tumor as per international standard protocols. Appropriate statistical analyses were done.

Results:
A total of 30 patients were included in the cohort, of which 13 patients were with the diagnosis of WT. Only 7 patients had metastatic disease. All the patients were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy according to their presentation and tumor stage. Both the growth factors, i.e., VEGF (median value - 314.38 pg/mL) and bFGF (median value - 18.96 pg/mL), are elevated in all the tumor patients in comparison with the controls (median VEGF - 100.51 pg/mL and bFGF - 15.6 pg/mL). When compared with the tumor size, no significant associations are found (with VEGF P - 0.40 and with bFGF P - 0.44).

Conclusion:
Although no satistically significant correlations were found between serum/urinary levels of bFGF and VEGF with tumor size, this study showed the raised median serum value of bFGF and VEGF in patients with NB and WT in comparison to controls and provided the rationale to explore this issue on a larger group of patients.
Video-urodynamic Profile in Postoperative Cases of Lumbosacral Myelomeningocele with Neurogenic Bladder
Authors: Goswami Dipanjan , Saxena Gaurav , Neogi Sujoy , Ratan Simmi K , Kumar Prafull , Kumar Chiranjiv , Ahmad Md. Fahim 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Neurogenic bladder is a very common sequel in cases of spina bifida with variable prevalence ranging between 46% and 80%. Conventionally, these patients are analyzed using urodynamic studies (UDSs), with some chances to be misinterpreted, as a large percentage of these subjects are associated with vesicoureteric reflux (VUR), for which video-UDS (VUDS) is considered to be investigation of choice.

Materials and Methods:
The study included 24 postoperative patients (at least 3 months postoperative) of lumbosacral myelomeningocele with urinary complaints over a 1-year period. The VUDS parameters and presence of VUR were noted along with sonographic evaluation of the urinary tract as well as renal function tests. VUDS was done using the HERMES model, and micturating cystourethrography films were taken using the C-arm fluoroscopy machine. Postvoid residual urine (PVRU) was calculated using a portable ultrasonography (USG) scanner. Based on the VUDS parameters, we tried to categorize the type of neurogenic bladder and also establish a correlation between the VUDS profile and upper tract changes if any.

Results:
There were 20 males and 4 females, age range of 9 months to 11 years. On USG kidney ureter bladder, there were mild bilateral hydronephrosis (n = 1), moderate to gross bilateral hydroureteronephrosis (n = 2), and thickened bladder (n = 7). On VUDS, high detrusor pressures were noted in 58% of cases (n = 14) and high sphincter pressures in 20% (n = 5) of patients. Detrusor sphincter dyssynergia (DSD) was present in 50% of cases (n = 12). PVRU was significant in 87.5% of cases (n = 21), of which 14.2% (n = 3) had VUR and 52% (n = 11) had DSD. VUR was diagnosed in 16% (n = 4) of patients (3 unilateral and 1 bilateral). Among those patients with VUR, 25% (n = 1) had bilateral hydroureteronephrosis, 25% (n = 1) had thickened irregular bladder, and 50% (n = 2) had DSD. Overall patients with DSD had worst VUDS parameters. Overactive detrusor and normal sphincter, n = 8 (33%), was the most common type of neurogenic bladder in our study. On statistical analysis, there were positive correlations found between the VUDS parameters such as leak point volume, bladder capacity, bladder compliance, and DSD with sonological deterioration of the upper and lower urinary tracts (significant PVRU, hydronephrosis, and bladder wall thickening) as well as serum urea and creatinine levels.

Conclusion:
VUDS is decisive for the therapeutic strategy as it allows the definition of the dysfunctional pattern of the lower urinary tract and detection of risk factors to enable the prevention of major upper urinary tract changes by appropriate treatment. VUDS should be a part of standard evaluation protocol in all patients of neurogenic bladder.