bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergistic Effects of Genetic Variants of Glucose Homeostasis and Lifelong Exposures to Cigarette Smoking, Female Hormones, and Dietary Fat Intake on Primary Colorectal Cancer Development in African and Hispanic/Latino American Women
Authors: Jung Su Yon , Sobel Eric M. , Pellegrini Matteo , Yu Herbert , Papp Jeanette C. 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundDisparities in cancer genomic science exist among racial/ethnic minorities. Particularly, African American (AA) and Hispanic/Latino American (HA) women, the 2 largest minorities, are underrepresented in genetic/genome-wide studies for cancers and their risk factors. We conducted on AA and HA postmenopausal women a genomic study for insulin resistance (IR), the main biologic mechanism underlying colorectal cancer (CRC) carcinogenesis owing to obesity.MethodsWith 780 genome-wide IR-specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among 4,692 AA and 1,986 HA women, we constructed a CRC-risk prediction model. Along with these SNPs, we incorporated CRC-associated lifestyles in the model of each group and detected the topmost influential genetic and lifestyle factors. Further, we estimated the attributable risk of the topmost risk factors shared by the groups to explore potential factors that differentiate CRC risk between these groups.ResultsIn both groups, we detected IR-SNPs in PCSK1 (in AA) and IFT172, GCKR, and NRBP1 (in HA) and risk lifestyles, including long lifetime exposures to cigarette smoking and endogenous female hormones and daily intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PFA), as the topmost predictive variables for CRC risk. Combinations of those top genetic- and lifestyle-markers synergistically increased CRC risk. Of those risk factors, dietary PFA intake and long lifetime exposure to female hormones may play a key role in mediating racial disparity of CRC incidence between AA and HA women.ConclusionsOur results may improve CRC risk prediction performance in those medically/scientifically underrepresented groups and lead to the development of genetically informed interventions for cancer prevention and therapeutic effort, thus contributing to reduced cancer disparities in those minority subpopulations.
GeO2 Doped Optical Fiber Plasmonic Sensor for Refractive Index Detection
Authors: Gangwar Rahul Kumar , Min Rui , Kumar Santosh , Li Xiaoli 
Published: October 2021

In this article, a D-shaped optical fiber refractive index (RI) sensor based on surface plasmon resonance effect is demonstrated. The gold film is placed at the flat portion of the optical fiber along with the sensing analytes of the different RIs to excite the plasmonic interactions. Sensing properties are investigated by using the finite element method. The maximum sensitivity of the proposed sensor is achieved as high as 20863.20 nm/RIU with the maximum resolution of 4.79 × 10−6 RIU and figure of merit of 308.38 RIU−1 for an analyte with RI 1.43 by optimizing the different parameters of the sensor with maximum phase matching between the core mode and surface plasmon mode. The high sensitivity of the sensor offers a promising approach for the detection of unknown RI analyte in chemical and biological fields in the near-infrared region.
Mycobacterium microti at the Environment and Wildlife Interface
Authors: Tagliapietra Valentina , Boniotti Maria Beatrice , Mangeli Anna , Karaman Iyad , Alborali Giovanni , Chiari Mario , D’Incau Mario , Zanoni Mariagrazia , Rizzoli Annapaola , Pacciarini Maria Lodovica 
Published: October 2021

An unexpected high presence of Mycobacterium microti in wild boar in Northern Italy (Garda Lake) has been reported since 2003, but the factors contributing to the maintenance of this pathogen are still unclear. In this study, we investigated the presence of M. microti in wild rodents and in water and soil samples collected at wild boar aggregation areas, such as watering holes, with the aim of clarifying their role in M. microti transmission. In total, 8 out of 120 captured animals tested positive for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) as assessed by real-time PCR, and six samples were confirmed to be M. microti. A strain with a genetic profile similar to those previously isolated in wild boars in the same area was isolated from one sample. Of the 20 water and 19 mud samples, 3 and 1, respectively, tested positive for the presence of MTBC, and spacer oligotype SB0118 (vole type) was detected in one sample. Our study suggests that wild rodents, in particular Apodemus sylvaticus, Microtus sp. and Apodemus flavicollis, play roles in the maintenance of M. microti infections in wild boar through ingestion or by contact with either infected excreta or a contaminated environment, such as at animal aggregation sites.
Are Point Mutations in HMG-CoA Reductases (Hmg1 and Hmg2) a Step towards Azole Resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus?
Authors: Gonzalez-Jimenez Irene , Lucio Jose , Roldan Alejandra , Alcazar-Fuoli Laura , Mellado Emilia 
Published: October 2021

Invasive aspergillosis, mainly caused by Aspergillus fumigatus, can lead to severe clinical outcomes in immunocompromised individuals. Antifungal treatment, based on the use of azoles, is crucial to increase survival rates. However, the recent emergence of azole-resistant A. fumigatus isolates is affecting the efficacy of the clinical therapy and lowering the success rate of azole strategies against aspergillosis. Azole resistance mechanisms described to date are mainly associated with mutations in the azole target gene cyp51A that entail structural changes in Cyp51A or overexpression of the gene. However, strains lacking cyp51A modifications but resistant to clinical azoles have recently been detected. Some genes have been proposed as new players in azole resistance. In this study, the gene hmg1, recently related to azole resistance, and its paralogue hmg2 were studied in a collection of fifteen azole-resistant strains without cyp51A modifications. Both genes encode HMG-CoA reductases and are involved in the ergosterol biosynthesis. Several mutations located in the sterol sensing domain (SSD) of Hmg1 (D242Y, G307D/S, P309L, K319Q, Y368H, F390L and I412T) and Hmg2 (I235S, V303A, I312S, I360F and V397C) were detected. The role of these mutations in conferring azole resistance is discussed in this work.
Educação sexual para prevenir abusos: socializado visualmente conhecimentos em língua brasileira de sinais
Authors: Santos Saionara Figueiredo , Bitencourt Ana Carolina , Ramos Heitor , Vianna Joana 
Published: October 2021

Este artigo propõe-se a socializar os resultados obtidos através do projeto de extensão intitulado “Sexualidade e segurança: oficinas e palestras sobre educação sexual para jovens surdos da Grande Florianópolis”, com financiamento do Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina, através do EDITAL PROEX nº 16/2018 Protagonismo discente. Este projeto teve como objetivo principal informar adolescentes surdos acerca de questões relacionadas aos estudos de Gênero e Sexualidade e toda sua amplitude. Conseguimos neste projeto articular a temática da surdez com discussões referentes a gênero e sexualidade, tomando por referência autores da perspectiva dos Estudos Culturais em Educação e dos Estudos Surdos. No nosso caso, essas temáticas foram entendidas a partir da diferença cultural. Nos propusemos a criar uma mídia escrita e em vídeo que auxiliassem a exposição desta linha de conhecimentos. Os alunos tiveram oportunidade de entender a relação ensino/pesquisa/extensão, bem como entender como a pedagogia de ensino é diferente no contexto de outra língua espaço-visual. Tais mídias já foram compartilhadas com a comunidade e acreditamos que conseguimos colaborar, no contexto bilíngue, na difusão de conhecimentos sobre Gênero e Sexualidade. Ainda assim, também incentivamos que novas pesquisas e novos materiais precisam ser criados nesta temática, já que é um contexto amplo e ainda pouco abordado no ínterim das comunidades surdas. http://dx.doi.org/10.35700/ca.2020.ano7n13.p45-51.2871
Utilização de modelos celulares em biscuit como prática alternativa para o ensino de Biologia
Authors: Trindade Igor Cunha , De Paula Chimenes Carla Fernanda , Ruas Hilara Niemeyer , Gomes Marcos de Lucca Moreira 
Published: October 2021

Buscando a integralização no processo educativo, este relato de experiência procurou demonstrar que a utilização de modelos celulares em biscuit auxilia e enriquece a compreensão do conhecimento em Biologia Celular, além de facilitar a articulação entre teoria e prática impactando vigorosamente no processo de formação docente. http://dx.doi.org/10.35700/ca.2021.ano8n15.p122-126.2941
Antibacterial Activity Testing on APMS (p-Methoxy Cinnamic Acid) Against Escherichia coli Bacteria
Authors: Masduqi Ahmad Fuad , Indriyanti Erwin , Dinurrosifa Rahmawati Salsa 
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine whether the compound APMS (p-methoxy cinnamic acid) has the antibacterial activity of Escherichia coli and to determine the effective concentration of the compound APMS (p-methoxy cinnamic acid) in inhibiting the growth of Escherichia coli bacteria. This research begins with the synthesis of APMS obtained through the knoevenagel condensation reaction with the sonochemical method. The synthesized compounds were tested organoleptically and their melting points were measured. The structure of the results was elucidated using FT-IR and GC-MS, then tested the antibacterial activity of APMS compounds against Escherichia coli. Data analysis with SPSS, 99% confidence level (p<0.01) and continued with ANOVA test. The compound synthesized by APMS is in the form of fine crystals with a glossy white color, has a characteristic odor, and produces a % yield of 92.71%. The level of p-methoxy cinnamic acid (APMS) produced from this study was 95% using the GC-MS Instrument. APMS compounds have antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. The average inhibition zone formed at a concentration of 5%; 10%; and 15% respectively are 0.695 cm; 0.727 cm; and 0.855 cm The optimal concentration of this study was at a concentration of 15% which gave the greatest inhibitionKeywords: Antibacterial; Escherichia coli; p-Methoxy cinnamic acidUji Aktivitas Antibakteri Senyawa APMS (Asam p_Metoksi Sinamat) Terhadap Bakteri Escherichia coli ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah senyawa APMS (Asam p-metoksisinamat) memiliki aktivitas antibakteri Escherichia coli dan mengetahui konsentrasi efektif dari senyawa APMS (Asam p-metoksisinamat) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli. Penelitian ini diawali dengan sintesis APMS ini didapatkan melalui reaksi kondensasi knoevenagel dengan metode sonokimia. Senyawa hasil sintesis diuji organoleptis dan diukur titik leburnya. Struktur hasil dielusidasi menggunakan FT-IR dan GC-MS, kemudian uji aktivitas antibakteri senyawa APMS terhadap Escherichia coli. Analisis data dengan SPSS, tingkat kepercayaan 99% (p<0,01) dan dilanjutkan uji ANOVA. Senyawa hasil sintesis APMS berupa kristal halus berwarna putih mengkilap, memiliki bau khas, dan menghasilkan % yield sebesar 92,71%. Kadar Asam Para Metoksisinamat (APMS) yang dihasilkan dari penelitian ini sebesar 95% menggunakan Instrumen GC-MS. Senyawa APMS memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Escherichia coli. Rataan zona hambat yang terbentuk pada konsentrasi 5%; 10%; dan 15% secara berturut adalah 0,695 cm; 0,727 cm; dan 0,855 cm Konsentrasi yang optimal dari penelitian ini adalah pada konsentrasi 15% yang memberikan daya hambat yang paling besar.Kata kunci: Antibakteri; Asam p-metoksi sinamat; Escherichia coli
Peningkatan Kreatifitas dan Efektifitas Pembelajaran Metode Lemas Gocaz pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Suryani Nina Dwi 
Published: October 2021

Peningkatan kasus COVID-19 semakin tak terkendali. Salah satu upaya pencegahan penyebaran virus tersebut adalah membuat kebijakan pembelajaran jarak jauh. Kebijakan pembelajaran jarak jauh secara tidak langsung telah mengubah paradigma sistem pembelajaran konvensional yang semula tatap muka di kelas kemudian berubah menjadi secara virtual dan tidak bertemu langsung di kelas. SMA Negeri 1 Porong, Sidoarjo merupakan sekolah yang berada di wilayah zona merah, sehingga pembelajaran harus dilaksanakan secara daring. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan dan data kuisioner tentang keratifitas dan kreatifitas dan efektifitas pembelajaran daring di SMA Negeri 1 Porong, Sidoarjo menunjukkan bahwa hampir sebagian 90% siswa dan guru bahkan orang tua mengeluh tentang pembelajaran daring. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembelajaran metode LEMAS GOCAZ, “Learning Management System Berbasis Google Classroom dan Zoom” dalam meningkatkan kreatifitas dan efektifitas pembelajaran. Validitas Lemas Gocaz sebagai media pembelajaran pada aspek tampilan dinyatakan sangat valid dengan total nilai 91,55%. Kepraktisan penggunaan Lemas Gocaz sebagai media pembelajaran dapat dilihat dari keterlaksanaan penggunaan Lemas Gocaz sebagai media pembelajaran secara keseluruhan dengan baik. Ini terlihat dari hasil respon guru yang memperoleh persentase rata-rata 93,15%, dan hasil respon siswa yang memperoleh persentase rata-rata 92,28%. Hal ini menunjukkan Lemas Gocaz sebagai media pembelajaran yang dikembangkan termasuk pada kategori “sangat praktis”.
Growth Response of Mucuna Cuttings to Concentration and Duration of Soaking Shallot Extract
Authors: Sembiring Enda Sabda Gentri , Irni Julaili , Sitinjak Rama Riana , Pratomo Bayu 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: This study aims to determine the growth response of Mucuna bracteata cuttings to the concentration and duration of soaking shallot extract.
Materials and Methods: This study used a factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two factors, namely: shallot extract concentration (P) consists of 4 levels, include P0= untreated, P1= 10 ml, P2= 20 ml, P3= 30 ml, meanwhile the soaking time (Q) consists of 4 levels, such as Q0= momentarily dipping, Q1= 15 minutes, Q2= 30 minutes, Q3= 45 minutes. The data was processed by ANOVA and if significant, then further tested with Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at the rate of 5%.
Results: The concentration of shallot extract, soaking time and their interaction had a very significant effect on the survival percentage of Mucuna bracteata D.C. cuttings. The highest survival percentage of cuttings of Mucuna bracteata on the effect of shallot extract concentration and soaking time was obtained in the P0Q0, P0Q1, and P3Q2 treatments after the lid was opened at 4 weeks after planting. In the number of leaves also had significant effect in the interaction of two factors
The Diversity of Ferns (Pteridophyta) in North Sumatera (Case Study: Batang Gadis National Park Resort 7 Sopotinjak)
Authors: Handayani Nurul Lita , Febriani Husnarika , Hutasuhut Melfa Aisyah 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Ferns (Pteridophyta) are plant communities that have an ecological function as ground cover vegetation. The purpose of this research types of ferns (Pteridophyta) and the diversity index of ferns found in the Batang Gadis National Park Resort 7 Sopotinjak, Batang Natal Sub-district, Mandailing Natal District, North Sumatra Province.
Materials and Methods: Descriptive survey method using quadratic plot of 24 plots in three transects.
Results: It was found that five from 28 species of dominant fern were: Asplenium nidus, Asplenium normale, Shaeropteris glauca, Oleandra undulate, and Asplenium lobulatum. The diversity index of ferns (Pteridophyta) of 2.494 and was categorized as moderate, which means that the ferns (Pteridophyta) are stable, this indicates that the ecosystem is in a fairly balanced state.
A STUDY OF LEXICAL COHESION IN THE LYRIC OF DEMI LOVATO'S SONG IN 'TELL ME YOU LOVE ME' ALBUM
Authors: Moh Kavin Lidinillah  
Published: October 2021

The analysis of musical discourse analysis come from many ways and one of them is in song lyrics. Meanwhile, cohesion is a semantic relation which has a correlation between one component to another in the text. Lexical cohesion reached by selecting the vocabulary. There is one research problem in this study, what types of lexical cohesion are used in Demi Lovato’s song lyric in tell me you love me and the functions of Lexical Cohesion used.
The study uses qualitative approach and uses Demi Lovato’s song lyric in tell me you love me. In conducting the study, the writers uses Halliday & Hasan (1976) theory of lexical cohesion which focuses on lexical reiteration (repetition, synonym/near-synonym, superordinate and general word).
The result of the study shows types of lexical cohesion which is reiteration (repetition, synonym-near synonym, general word) only superordinates are missing. Therefore, the function of lexical cohesion in the lyrics of Demi Lovato’s song is to emphasize, to illustrate, to strengthen the message, and to give contribution to the two words that the meaning are connected to each other and make the song delivered clearly.
THE CAPACITY OF PRAGMATICS IN ESL TEACHING OF ENGLISH STUDENTS IN BULELENG REGENCY
Authors: Kadek Heni Oktarina Wisudayanti  , Putu Desi Anggerina Hikmaharyanti  
Published: October 2021

This study is focused on the capacities of pragmatics in ESL teaching and limited to three essential discussions; first, the investigation of teaching pragmatics relevancy stated on pragmatics elements, second, the presentation of the effective ways in teaching pragmatics by applying SURE steps (Brock and Nagaska, 2005), and the elaboration of pragmatics effects towards ESL learners. It is necessary to conduct a research of pragmatics capacities in ESL teaching. Due to the problems discussed, the theories suggested in this research include pragmatics definition, pragmatic competence, pragmatic elements and SURE method. Then, the method applied in this research is descriptive qualitative in nature and the data are from the 3rd semester of STKIP Agama Hindu Singaraja students. The data analysis is performed to investigate the relevancy of pragmatics in ESL teaching, the pragmatics teaching methods, and the effect of pragmatics towards ESL learners. This study finds pragmatics is a relevant point to be taught in the language classroom due to language is an arbitrary. Through SURE methods, students are expected to comprehend the language used in contexts. Pragmatics affects the ESL learners to be sensitive about the surroundings, other cultural interactions, also how they must behave towards circumstances as ESL learners.

Abstrak
Penelitian ini difokuskan pada kapasitas pragmatik dalam pengajaran ESL dan dibatasi pada tiga diskusi esensial; pertama, investigasi relevansi pengajaran pragmatik yang tertuang pada unsur-unsur pragmatik, kedua, penyajian cara efektif dalam pembelajaran pragmatik dengan menerapkan metode SURE (Brock dan Nagaska, 2005), dan penjabaran efek pragmatik terhadap peserta didik ESL. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan penelitian tentang kapasitas pragmatik dalam pengajaran ESL. Berdasarkan permasalahan yang dibahas, maka teori yang disarankan dalam penelitian ini meliputi pengertian pragmatik, kompetensi pragmatis, unsur pragmatis dan metode SURE. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan data dari mahasiswa-mahasiswa STKIP Agama Hindu Singaraja semester 3. Analisis data dilakukan untuk mengetahui relevansi pragmatik dalam pembelajaran ESL, metode pembelajaran pragmatik, dan pengaruh pragmatik terhadap peserta didik ESL. Studi ini menemukan bahwa pragmatik adalah poin yang relevan untuk diajarkan di kelas bahasa karena bahasa bersifat sewenang-wenang. Melalui metode SURE, mahasiswa diharapkan memahami bahasa yang digunakan dalam konteks. Pragmatik mempengaruhi mahasiswa ESL untuk peka terhadap lingkungan sekitar, interaksi budaya lainnya, juga bagaimana mereka harus berperilaku terhadap keadaan sebagai peserta didik ESL.
GENDER ISSUES IN MARY NORTON’S NOVEL ENTITLED “THE BORROWERS” : A LIBRARY RESEARCH
Authors: Riskayani Luh , Suwastini Ni Komang Arie , Wahyuni Luh Gede Eka 
Published: October 2021

Feminist literary criticism has been focused on the marginalization of women in literary texts and the efforts to deconstruct patriarchy through counter texts, such as Mary Norton’s The Borrowers. This paper aims to review previous studies and expert opinions on Norton’s The Borrowers, especially the arguments in the form of feminist literary criticism. This study employed George’s (2008) model of literature review to review articles employing feminist literary criticism in "The Borrowers." The articles were gathered from books, academic journals, and previous studies on Norton’s The Borrowers. The review reveals that the novel depicted a feminine and masculine environment, constructing biased gender roles and labor division that triggered efforts to gain emancipation and independence in the female character. Telling about miniature family who survived by “borrowing” items from a human, The Borrower is centered towards the young female who deconstructed the traditional binary oppositions concerning the work division and spatial division between males and females. Besides, The Borrowers also presented women’s marginalization, women’s struggles, and gender identity. Such revelation might be useful to extend the fight for gender equity, especially for the children as the target readers.
Abstrak
Kritik sastra feminis telah difokuskan pada marginalisasi perempuan dalam teks sastra dan upaya untuk mendekonstruksi patriarki melalui teks tandingan, seperti The Borrowers karya Mary Norton. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kajian-kajian terdahulu dan pendapat para ahli tentang The Borrowers karya Norton, khususnya argumentasi-argumentasi berupa kritik sastra feminis. Penelitian ini menggunakan model literature review George (2008) untuk mengkaji artikel-artikel yang menggunakan kritik sastra feminis dalam "The Borrowers". Artikel dikumpulkan dari buku, jurnal akademik, dan studi sebelumnya tentang The Borrowers dari Norton. Tinjauan terdahulu mengungkapkan bahwa The Borrowers menggambarkan lingkungan feminin dan maskulin, membangun peran gender yang bias dan pembagian kerja yang memicu gerakan emansipasi dan kemandirian dalam karakter wanita. Menceritakan tentang keluarga mini yang bertahan hidup lewat “meminjam” barang dari manusia, The Borrower berpusat pada perempuan muda yang mendekonstruksi oposisi biner tradisional mengenai pembagian kerja dan pembagian ruang antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Selain itu, The Borrowers juga menampilkan marginalisasi perempuan, perjuangan perempuan, dan identitas gender. Penceritaan tersebut dapat berguna untuk perpanjangan perjuangan kesetaraan gender terutama bagi anak-anak sebagai target pembaca.