bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amino Acids Determination in Meat by GC-MS
Authors: BARA Levente , POP Codrean , HORJ Elena , IORDACHE Andreea , LASLO Cornel , CULEA Monica 
Published: December 2021

An isotopic dilution gas chromatography - mass spectrometric (ID-GC/MS) techniques was used for amino acids determination in sausage meat. The stable isotope internal standard used was 15N-Methionine. A Trace DSQ ThermoFinnigan quadrupole mass spectrometer coupled with a Trace GC was used. Amino acids were separated on a Rtx-5MS capillary column, 30 m x 0.25 mm, 0.25µm film thickness, using a temperature program from 50oC, 1 min, 6oC/min at 100oC, 4oC/min at 200oC, 20oC/min at 300oC, (3min). The transfer line temperature was 250oC, the injector temperature 200oC and ion source temperature 250oC; splitter: 10:1. Electron energy was 70eV and emission current, 100µA.
The amino acids were purified on a Dowex 50W-W8 exchange resin and were derivatized in a procedure following two steps to obtain trifluoroacetyl butyl esters. The identification of amino acids was obtained by using NIST library but also by using amino acid standards. Concentrations of amino acids was determined by using matrix calculation for methionine quantitation
Researches Concerning the Impact of Food Consumption, for the Human Health
Authors: FITIU Avram 
Published: December 2021

Intervening after several years flustered by numerous food crisis (ESB, dioxins, listeria) and an intense debate on OGM, it reveals at the same time a crumbling of the traditional food models across the development of the consumption of easy products to be used anywhere (such as pizzas, soda or juice of fruit) and a strong request on behalf of the consumers in information, in control by authorities and in scientific research in the domains of food security and nutrition.
The general perception of food risks is accompanied by a feeling of loss of the traditional food landmarks. The mutation of food practices, notably the cohabitation in the population of often different food habits and sometimes compared, contributes to the questionings of each and explains the strong reactivity of the consumers and public opinion in numerous food crises. Particularly, very strong difference of consumption and food behaviors between generations can only provoke doubts among the oldest on the permanence of a traditional and reassuring food model. In the inquiry, the idea most often linked to the general perception of food risks is the feeling of deterioration of the quality of the food products for last ten years.
This overview of food risks explains that, beyond punctual food crisis, nutritional risks are more named spontaneously among «major risks linked to feeding». So, in their perception of food risks, the consumers grant a very big place at nutritional risks and particularly at obesity and at diseases of society (cardiovascular diseases, diabetes). Doubts of the consumers in food security (risks of physicochemical or microbiological pollution) appear more as the symptoms of a deep confusion of reports in feeding, on the occasion of which the perception of nutritional and health risks is intimately linked.
Researches on the Main Characteristics of Red Clover Seedlings and their Influence in
Authors: GREBENIȘAN Marioara , PAMFIL Doru , DOMOKOS Dorottya Alice 
Published: December 2021

Concerning the red clover breeding, it is essential to choose as genitors those varieties that possess good characteristics. In order to identify potential genitors, two red clover varieties were studied at Cluj-Napoca:Â Roxana, diploid variety and Napoca-tetra, tetraploid variety. The analyzed traits comprised the number of capitula/plant, number of seeds/capitulum and the binding process, under the aspect of their contribution to the seed crop and the interaction between those components, in order to provide important clues about di-and tetraploid red clover seed production, for plant breeding. The highest variability (s%=30) presented regarding the number of flowers/capitulum, diploid variety comparatively with a lower variability (s%=26) regarding the number of flowers number/capitulum, tetraploid varieties. Several traits were compared between di-and tetraploid red clover varieties in order to find genitors which can be used for creating new genotypes with high seed production level.
NIR Spectroscopy: A Non-destructive Method for PUFAs Determination of Forage
Authors: HARMANESCU Monica 
Published: December 2021

The objective of this study was to develop a non-destructive and rapid method for polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) content of forage from grassland using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). To accomplish this desiderate it was harvested forages in June from ten experimental trials of a permanent grassland situated in the southÂ - west part of Romania, in Banat County, fertilized organic (fermented sheep manure), mineral and organicÂ - mineral. On the permanent grassland the mineral fertilizers were applied yearly since 2003 and the organic fertilizer at each two years. For multivariate analysis to perform the NIR model was used a supervised technique, partial least squares (PLS) regression. The NIRS model was characterized by the following parameters: RÂ 2 = 0.9888, RMSEC = 222.5, RMSEP = 215.7. The differences between the chemical results and those predicted recommend like promising the NIRS method for PUFAs contents prediction of forages from permanent grassland in studied conditions.
Research Regarding the Morphological Characteristics of Calendula Officinalis Local
Authors: ZEPA CORADINI Cristina ZEPA , TABÄ‚RÄ‚ Valeriu , PETANEC Doru , MICU Lavinia , PETRESCU Irina , CORADINI Renato , ZEPA BEJAN Roxana 
Published: December 2021

Marigolds have an important economic value which let to an increase production and cultivation being thus used in a wide range of fields. One of the basic elements regarding marigolds production is represented by anthodia with flowers and seeds determined by the blossom and the number of anthodium on the plant. The plantâ€™s blossom is determined by the nÂ umber of lingulate flowers from the external side of the anthodium where seeds grow.Â Calendula is a polymorphic species, forming during its evolution not only flowering, but also semi-flowering anthodia and simple flowers. In the experimental field of UASVM Timisoara we performed a series of research regarding the morphological features of six local population of marigold from the western part of the country. Flowersâ€™ blooming proved to have a different evolution due to the influence manifested by the local population and also by the harvest results. This blooming phenomenon proved to highly influence the production elements. Blooming influence upon anthodia mass of seeds proved to be as similar as in case of anthodia with flowers. At the beginning of the harvest period, the anthodia mass of seeds proved to be maxim. According to the information collected during research, anthodia flowering fails to reestablish during harvest. The flowering process influences the number and the size of the seeds. Moreover, flowers blooming process may lead to the formation of homogenous seeds, not only in size, but also as regards their morphological aspect. The seeds from the flowering anthodia proved to be homogenous in comparison with other anthodia and had even better technological qualities.
The Foliar and Ear Diseases Dynamic in Autumn Wheat at the ARDS Turda During
Authors: SUCIU Loredana , ȘOPTEREAN Laura , NAGY Elena , HAȘ Ioan , PUIA Carmen 
Published: December 2021

The wheat crop is considered the crop with the largest cultivated area in the world. In our country, the area cultivated with wheat, represents about 40% of the area cultivated with cereals. Autumn wheat crops are affected by many diseases that cause significant quantitative and qualitative damages. The production losses varies from year to year, due to weather conditions, applied technology, the sources of inoculum and the cultivated variety. From the foliar and ear diseases encountered in the culture of wheat, powdery mildew (Â Erysiphe graminis f.sp. tritici fc. OidiummonilioidesÂ Â ), brown staining (Septoria tritici fc. Leptosphaeria tritici ) rust (Puccinia spp.) and fusariosis (Â Gibberella spp fc. Fusarium graminearum) occurs with high intensity, especially in the years with high precipitation. In this paper is presented the dynamics of the main wheat diseases in the climatic conditions of the years 2005 - 2011, the ARDS Turda. The experiments were located by random block method in three repetitions. The biological material was represented by four wheat varieties created at ARDS Turda. The observation were made once a week from the end of April - early May until the end of July. The observation were made to 20 plants of each variety. It was noted: the number of siblings, number the leaves, leaf length, leaf width, the attack degree on the plant, specifying at each notation the phenological stage. Following observation in the experimental conditions from ARDS Turda, the frequent diseases were: powdery mildew, brown staining and fusariosa.
Varietes of Spring Barley for Beer Obtained at Agricultural Research and
Authors: RUSSU Florin , HAȘ Ioan , MUNTEANU Maria 
Published: December 2021

Barley breeding laboratory from ARDS Turda created many varieties of spring barley in two rows with superior brewing qualities of which the best quality are grown on large areas. Of varieties obtained from ARDS Turda: DacÂ iana, Capriana, Jubileu and RomaniÅ£a, the last two are high quality and productive. They maintained their superior qualities during several years of experimentation in different localities. These two varieties are genetically stable in terms of varietal purity correspond to the current rules EU. Spring barley varietes with two rows Daciana and RomaniÅ£a have a high ecological plasticity and can be grown on different areas which can range in climate and soil. These two varietes have superior qualities than older local and foreign varietes, with a very good rezistance to fallen, feature very important to malting barley. This phenomenon is important because greatly depreciates the grain quality and reduce production. Characteristics of barley for beer: varieties containing less than 12.5% protein; varieties with high starch content 60%; varieties with greater than 95% germination energy. Daciana and RomaniÅ£a are superior varietes for brewing and have a low percentage of protein between 10,9-12%. Percentage of starch is high an is between 61-62,3% of dry weight and have a high production potential.
The Indicators of the Soils and Their Importance upon the Entomologic Fauna in the
Authors: ANTONIE Iuliana , PAVEL Petronela , TÄ‚NASE Maria , SAND Camelia 
Published: December 2021

The concept of quality of the soil takes within its content the entire range of the necessary factors for the development of the plants. This proves that the soil represents a complex in an everlasting interpenetration. In this respect there exists the interest and the obligation as well of offering the soil favorable conditions in order to give it properties that can afford, as a feed-back to assure the social and economical development of the community. The observations and the collecting of samples were done during March - April 2012. There were analyzed the physical indicators as the granulometry and the chemical indicators: pH, the content of nutritive elements (pH, N, K,) and the organic carbon and humus. Among the biologic indicators the attention was focused to the agricultural entomologic fauna, the diversity of species and the vigor of plants. There was emphasized the content of heavy metals in Axente Sever-Copșa MicÄƒ area, knowing that these have serious implications upon the vegetation, animals and humans. The object of our research is the corn culture because this represents the main field culture in Romania, with surfaces all over the country, including the Sibiu County. In the corn field in Axente Sever - Copșa MicÄƒ there were identified 2 species of pest with a significant economical importance:Â Tanymecus dilaticollis (corn weevil) andÂ Locusta migratoria , species that cause great damages in production and even compromising the culture. The obtained results from the chemical and agricultural chemical analysis make the object of the present work.
Testing Correlation between Alternaria solani Sorauer Attack on Potato
Authors: IEDERAN Cristian , OROIAN Ioan Gh. , BRASOVEAN Ioan , MÄ‚LINAȘ Cristian , SUCIU Loredana 
Published: December 2021

Abstract.Â Â The present study aims to emphasize the relationship between Alternaria solani Sorauer attack degree on potato, and abiotic factors temperature and rainfall, in Transylvania, using the correlation approach, during 2009 - 2011. The experiment was carried on ten experimental fields, of one ha each, located in households located in villages from all counties of Transylvania: RÄƒhÄƒu, Alba; Maieru, BistriÅƒa-NÄƒsÄƒud; Draguș, Brașov; Cojocna, Cluj; Ilieni, Covasna; Merești, Harghita; VÄƒlișoara, Hunedoara; Grebenișul de Campie, Mureș; RomÃ¢nași, SÄƒlaj; Arpașul de Jos, Sibiu. The temperature, rainfall, andÂ Alternaria solani Sorauer attack degree were monitored during April - September. Roclas potato variety was used. The data were statistically processed using STATISTICA v. 7.0 programme. A non linear dependence between thermic and rainfall regimens andÂ Alternaria solaniÂ Â Sorauer, attack degree in potato was recorded, and in for this reason, in order to determine the correlations we used the non parametric test of Spearman. Between the attack degree ofÂ Alternaria solaniÂ Â Sorauer in potato and temperature in 2009 the correlation was positive and strong R = 0.847, in 2010, also positive and strong R = 0.846, while in 2011, it was positive and moderate R = 0.589. Between alternariosis attack degree in potato and rainfall regimen in 2009 and 2010, moderate correlations, of R = 0.657, and R = 0.642, respectively, were reported. In 2011, the correlation coefficient was strong and positive, R = 0.892. According to the regression lines, the correlations betweenÂ Alternaria solani Sorauer emphasize the biggest influence of rainfall (AD% = 2.61 + 3.02 x Pp, mm) upon the attack degree, compared to temperature (AD% = 12.97 + 0.24 x tÂ 0C).
The Air Microelemental Pollution and Trees Health Status. A Case Study: Quantification of Air Pollution with Pb, Using Trees as Bioindicators
Authors: OROIAN Ioan Gheorghe , VIMAN Oana , MIHAIESCU Tania , ODAGIU Antonia , PAULETTE Laura 
Published: December 2021

The identification of the urban areas where bigger air pollutants generally, and metallic pollutants, particularly, concentrations compared to limit allowed maximum concentration are recorded are important in elaboration and implementation of the plans and programmes of air quality management, but also for permanent updating of these and their alignment to the continuous realit y changes. In this context, we emphasize the importance of using the tree planted in urban areas, as bioindicators for identification of air pollution with heavy metalsÂ ( Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, etc. ) , their tendency to accumulate in vegetal material, leaves, and/or needles, respectively, being well known. In majority of cases, the heavy metals environmental air pollution leads to lesions of the vegetal tissue of the trees, mainly in leaves. The research aims to identify the lead pollution by using, as bioindicators, the trees planted in neighbourhood of the stations of air quality monitoring in Cluj - Napoca town. The research objectives consist in identification of the trees as possible biomonitoring agents and quantification of lead accumulation in trees leaves, with the aim of identification the areas where the lead concentration in leaves is superior to the limit lead maximum allowed concentration. The study was developed in Cluj - Napoca, and samples were harvested from trees located in areas from neighbourhood of the air quality monitoring stations respectively: CLU-1Â ( Aurel Vlaicu St. ) , CLU-2Â ( Centre - area from neighbourhood of Nicolae Balcescu College ) , CLU-3Â ( 1 Decembrie 1918 Boulevard) , and CLU-4Â ( area around Expo Transilvania ) .
Seed Germination as Assessment for â€œex situâ€ Conservation of Diplotaxis sp
Authors: LAZAR Simona Laura , PAMFIL Doru , LUNG Mihai Lucian 
Published: December 2021

The effective seed storage methods provide a unique opportunity to preserve large amount of germplasm. Evaluation of the physiological status of the seeds before and after the storage is required for better selection of the methods and lots of seeds for conservation. To evaluate the status of the seeds, 26 accessions of different species were evaluated in two consecutive years. Four replicates of 50 seeds of each population were induced to germinate in 2010 and three replicates of 50 sees in 2011. A 2 Ã— 2x2 factorial experiment investigated the interactive effects of accession, culture medium and year at a temperature >20OC. The germination and the Germination Velocity Index were evaluated. The results showed that there was no loss of viability before and after storage but some of the accessions had germination percentage under 50%. This happened mainly to the seeds gathered from the wild and to one commercial variety in 2010. In 2011 all accessions showed good germination with better results on agar than on filter paper.Â Seeds of Diplotaxis sp possess orthodox storage behavior and therefore they are suited for ex situ conservation in seed banks.
Water Quality in Cluj-Napoca
Authors: Odagiu Antonia , Oroian Ioan Gheorghe , MIHAIESCU Tania , BORDEA Daniela , PAULIUC Sinziana 
Published: December 2021

The research in the field of potable water quality is characterized by a series of parameters, which define water content from both physical and chemical point of views. They are mainly represented by: pH, conductivity and turbidimetry The aim of this paper was the monitoring of the potable water quality in Cluj - Napoca municipality, by characterizing the following quality indicators: pH, conductivity and turbidity. The study was realized during two experimental years, 2011, and 2012, and consisted from weekly prelevation of potable water from six points located in main districts of Cluj - NapocaÂ ( the same in each experimental year ) : Zorilor, MÄƒrÄƒști, Grigorescu, Gheorgheni, MÄƒnÄƒștur, and city centre, and quantification of the pH, conductivity and turbidity in Laboratory of Environmental and Plant Protection of USAMV Cluj -Napoca.. The methods were potentiometry, conductometry, and nefelometry. The results are presented as yearly averages.
Aspects of Thermoplastic Extrusion in Food Processing
Authors: MUNTEAN Mircea Valentin , DROCAS Ioan , MARIAN Ovidiu , BARBIERU Victor , RANTA Ovidiu 
Published: December 2021

The extrusion screw process is used in food and agricultural industries to make a variety of products and combines a several unit operations including mixing, cooking, kneading, shearing, sheaping and forming. The process can be used to make different types of products like cereal-based products, sugar-based products and protein-based products.Â Â Â Â
Kinetics of Convective Drying and Quality of Pears Cultivars Conference, Lucas, Abate
Authors: VELEȘCU Ionuț , DOBRE Vasile , Å¢ENU Ioan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The objective of this study is the kinetics process of drying of the pears cv. Conference, cv. Abate and cv. Lucas with a laboratory dryer, in order to identify at which level of humidity the maximum speed of evaporation is achieved and at which level of temperature and humidity pears slices begin to change (colour and shape) and to determine which one of the three tested varieties offers the best properties for drying, which will ensure that the final product is technologically and organoleptically the most acceptable. Drying parameters were the same for all three varieties: 2 hours at air temperature 90oC, 2 hours at air temperature 80oC, 2 hours at air temperature 70 C and 2 hours at air temperature 60o C.Â The results showed that the sample of the cv. Conference has undergone the least oxidation process, rounded edges and shriveled slices, and samples of the cv Lucas showed the worst results. Following the drying process of all three varieties, it can be concluded that the cultivars Abate and Conference achieved the lower evaporation speed, unlike the cv. Lucas. The cultivars Conference and Abate have attained consistent drying and in this way the technological process was finished with a smaller temperature, resulting in a better quality of the final product. o
Rapid method for Evaluation of Beer Stability
Authors: MUDURA Elena , PAUCEAN Adriana , ROTAR Ancuta 
Published: December 2021

The beer stability is important for brewing process and for consumers. The beer taste and flavor stability are correlated with antioxidant capacity. The evaluation of antioxidant capacity for each brew on brewing process is difficult, time and materials consuming. A rapid method for evaluation of antioxidant capacity was tested and a good correlation with beer stability was determinate. The antioxidant compounds were extracted in organic solvent and the quantity of these compounds was measures by UV-VIS spectrophotometry.Â Â
Contribution to study of Acacia tortilis subsp raddiana seed germination, and growth seedling under different osmotic and drought constraints
Authors: KEBBAS Salima , LUTTS Stanley , AID Fatiha 
Published: December 2021

Acacia raddiana or Acacia tortilis (Forsk) Hyane subsp. raddiana (Savi) Bernan, (Fabaceae) is characterized by a great ecological plasticity. It is largely used by the local populations as medicinal plants, fodder, wood energy, coal because it high calorific value. This plant thus plays a big role in rural economy because it is also appreciated in craft industry and for the clothes, tools and kitchen utensil manufacture. The study of the intensity osmotic stress effect on the germination of Acacia raddiana seeds reveals that there is a very strong negative correlation between the increase of the concentration of PEG and the germination rate (r = -0.9251). The fact remains that in spite of very small negative potential, Acacia raddiana seeds are very resistant since it coming to sprout at potential matching -6.0 MPa. In otherwise, the foliarÂ RWC of seedling remained stable during the 25 days of treatment at about 81.61 Â± 7.61% (control) and dropped from 17th to 25th day at 32% (stressed). The growth was also affected by stress. Thus, both leaves number and stem height is reduced in stressed plants compared to controls.