bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Normalising global commerce: containerisation, materiality, and transnational regulation (1956–68)
Authors: Quiroga-Villamarín Daniel R 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Despite their importance in globalised trade, shipping containers have been neglected in legal scholarship. Our disciplinary fascination with written forms of legal activity has come to the detriment of the study of regulatory practices that operate beyond textual mediums. In this article, I argue that processes of containerisation created transnational patterns of material normalisation. By reconstructing the debates within the International Organization for Standardization, I suggest that container standardisation effectively normalised a particular vision of world ordering. Instead of seeing containers as insignificant metal boxes, I contend they are repositories of sociotechnical imaginaries of global governance.
A Unique Case of COVID-19-related Acute Coronary Thrombosis Complicated by Severe Hypokalemia
Authors: Lavoie Matthew , Ramirez Ariana , Kunz Jeffrey 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
We report the case of a 52-year-old white male who was recently diagnosed with symptomatic coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) and presented to the hospital with ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest, ST elevation myocardial infarction, and profound hypokalemia. The patient was successfully treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention and concurrent aggressive potassium repletion. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first case of COVID-19 presenting not only with an acute coronary thrombosis but also severe hypokalemia, both of which contributed to his cardiac arrest. The association of COVID-19 with acute coronary thrombosis, including the challenges surrounding the diagnosis and management in this patient population, is discussed. Additionally, the effect of COVID-19 on the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system is reviewed with a focus on hypokalemic presentations.
Expansion of Torah Study, Halachic Renewal, and the Religious Zionist Compendium
Authors: Yedidya Asaf 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
As part of the cultural revival that accompanied the Zionist revolution, important literary projects were created, providing ideological support for the Zionist project, enriching the newly revived Hebrew culture and redefining the Jewish bookshelf. Within this diverse cultural work, the project of the anthologies was formed. These projects were led at the beginning by disciples of Ahad Ha'am—the founder of the cultural stream in Zionism. Religious Zionism, which during the British Mandate in Palestine had struggled for its place among the pioneers, also sought to initiate its own literary projects. However, its scholars came to compile anthologies individually rather than through the Movement. Their interest was sparked by a combination of modern Jewish scientific research, an aspiration to enrich Jewish literature, and the theoretical and practical challenge presented by national revival. The two most prominent efforts of this sort during the Mandate period: Otzar HaGeonim (by Benjamin Menashe Levin), and Seder Kiddushin ve-Nissu'in Aharei Hatimat ha-Talmud (by Abraham Chaim Freimann), reflected two different trends in religious Zionism. The first, expanding the study of Torah, touched on the theoretical side of the Talmud in Jewish literature and enjoyed Orthodox consensus. The second, concerned with the renewal of halacha, touched on the practical side of religious law throughout the ages and sought to locate, collect, and analyze judgments and rabbinic rulings from Jewish consortiums in the post-Talmudic period, in order to formulate legal precedents that could resolve halachic problems that might arise in the future in Eretz Israel, where the Jewish People were about to establish an independent national state.
The impact of (n,γ) reaction rate uncertainties of unstable isotopes on the i-process nucleosynthesis of the elements from Ba to W
Authors: Denissenkov Pavel A , Herwig Falk , Perdikakis Georgios , Schatz Hendrik 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
The abundances of neutron (n)-capture elements in the carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP)-r/s stars agree with predictions of intermediate n-density nucleosynthesis, at Nn ∼ 1013–1015 cm−3, in rapidly accreting white dwarfs (RAWDs). We have performed Monte Carlo simulations of this intermediate-process (i-process) nucleosynthesis to determine the impact of (n,γ) reaction rate uncertainties of 164 unstable isotopes, from 131I to 189Hf, on the predicted abundances of 18 elements from Ba to W. The impact study is based on two representative one-zone models with constant values of Nn = 3.16 × 1014 and 3.16 × 1013 cm−3 and on a multizone model based on a realistic stellar evolution simulation of He-shell convection entraining H in a RAWD model with [Fe/H] = −2.6. For each of the selected elements, we have identified up to two (n,γ) reactions having the strongest correlations between their rate variations constrained by Hauser–Feshbach computations and the predicted abundances, with the Pearson product–moment correlation coefficients |rP| &gt; 0.15. We find that the discrepancies between the predicted and observed abundances of Ba and Pr in the CEMP-i star CS 31062−050 are significantly diminished if the rate of 137Cs(n,γ)138Cs is reduced and the rates of 141Ba(n,γ)142Ba or 141La(n,γ)142La increased. The uncertainties of temperature-dependent β-decay rates of the same unstable isotopes have a negligible effect on the predicted abundances. One-zone Monte Carlo simulations can be used instead of computationally time-consuming multizone Monte Carlo simulations in reaction rate uncertainty studies if they use comparable values of Nn. We discuss the key challenges that RAWD simulations of i process for CEMP-i stars meet by contrasting them with recently published low-Z asymptotic giant branch (AGB) i process.
XMM–Newton observations of the extremely X-ray luminous quasar CFHQS J142952+544717=SRGE J142952.1 + 544716 at redshift z = 6.18
Authors: Medvedev P , Gilfanov M , Sazonov S , Schartel N , Sunyaev R 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
We present results from a 20 ks XMM–Newton director’s discretionary time observation of the radio-loud quasar CFHQS J142952 + 544717 at z = 6.18, whose extreme X-ray luminosity was recently revealed by the SRG/eROSITA telescope in the course of its first all-sky survey. The quasar has been confidently detected with a total of ∼1400 net counts in the 0.2–10 keV energy band (1.4–72 keV in the object’s rest frame). Its measured spectrum is unusually soft and can be described by an absorbed power-law model with a photon index of Γ = 2.5 ± 0.2. There are no signs of a high-energy cut-off or reflected component, with a 90 per cent upper limit on the fluorescence iron K α equivalent width of ≈290 eV and the corresponding upper limit on the iron K-edge absorption depth of 0.6. We have detected, at the &gt;95 per cent confidence level, an excess absorption above the Galactic value, corresponding to a column density NH = 3 ± 2 × 1022 cm−2 of material located at z = 6.18. The intrinsic luminosity of CFHQS J142952 + 544717 in the 1.4–72 keV energy band is found to be $5.5_{-0.6}^{+0.8} \times 10^{46}$ erg s−1. We did not detect statistically significant flux changes between two SRG scans and the XMM–Newton observation, spanning over ∼7.5 months, implying that the quasar remained at this extremely high-luminosity level for at least a month in its rest frame. We put forward the hypothesis that the extreme X-ray properties of CFHQS J142952 + 544717 are associated with inverse Compton scattering of cosmic microwave background photons (at z = 6.18) in its relativistic jets.
Super-Eddington accretion on to a stellar mass ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 4190 ULX1
Authors: Ghosh T , Rana V 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
We present the results of high-quality XMM-NEWTON observations of a ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX) in the galaxy NGC 4190. The detection of spectral cutoff in NGC 4190 ULX1 spectra rules out the interpretation of the ULX to be in a standard low/hard canonical accretion state. We report that the high quality EPIC spectra can be better described by broad thermal component, such as a slim disc. In addition we found long-term spectral and flux variability in the source using several XMM-NEWTON and Swift data. A clear anticorrelation between flux and power-law photon index is found which further confirms the unusual spectral state evolution of the ULX. Spectral properties of the ULX suggest that the source is in a broadened disc state with luminosities [≈(3 − 10) × 1039 erg s−1] falling in the ultraluminous regime. The positive luminosity–temperature relation further suggests that the multicolour disc model follows the L ∝ T4 relation that is expected for a blackbody disc emission from a constant area and the slim disc model seems to favour L ∝ T2 relation consistent with an advection-dominated disc emission. From the broadened disc-like spectral feature at such luminosity, we estimated the upper limit of the mass of the central compact object from the inner disc radius and found that the ULX hosts a stellar mass black hole.
Gemini NIFS survey of feeding and feedback in nearby active galaxies – IV. Excitation
Authors: Riffel Rogemar A , Bianchin Marina , Riffel Rogério , Storchi-Bergmann Thaisa , Schönell Astor J , Dahmer-Hahn Luis Gabriel , Dametto Natacha Z , Diniz Marlon R 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
The near-infrared spectra of active galactic nuclei (AGN) present emission lines of different atomic and molecular species. The mechanisms involved in the origin of these emission lines in AGN are still not fully understood. We use J- and K-band integral field spectra of six luminous ($43.1\lt \log L_{\rm bol}/({\rm erg\, s^{-1}})\lt 44.4$) Seyfert galaxies (NGC 788, Mrk 607, NGC 3227, NGC 3516, NGC 5506, and NGC 5899) in the local Universe (0.0039 &lt; z &lt; 0.0136) to investigate the gas excitation within the inner 100–300 pc radius of the galaxies at spatial resolutions of a few tens of parsecs. In all galaxies, the H2 emission originates from thermal processes with excitation temperatures in the range 2400–5200 K. In the high-line ratio (HLR) region of the H2/Brγ versus [Fe ii]/Paβ diagnostic diagram, which includes 29 per cent of the spaxels, shocks are the main excitation mechanism, as indicated by the correlation between the line widths and line ratios. In the AGN region of the diagram (64 per cent of the spaxels) the H2 emission is due to the AGN radiation. The [Fe ii] emission is produced by a combination of photoionization by the AGN radiation and shocks in five galaxies and is dominated by photoionization in NGC 788. The [S ix]1.2523 μm coronal emission line is present in all galaxies, and its flux distributions are extended from 80 to 185 pc from the galaxy nuclei, except for NGC 5899, in which this line is detected only in the integrated spectrum.
IMF-induced intrinsic uncertainties on measuring galaxy distances based on the number of giant stars: the case of the ultradiffuse galaxy NGC 1052-DF2
Authors: Zonoozi Akram Hasani , Haghi Hosein , Kroupa Pavel 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
The surface brightness fluctuation (SBF) technique is one of the distance measurement methods that has been applied on the low surface brightness (LSB) galaxy NGC 1052-DF2 yielding a distance of about 20 Mpc implying it to be a dark matter deficient galaxy. We assume the number of giant stars above a given luminosity threshold to represent the SBF magnitude. The SBF magnitude depends on the distance, but this is degenerate with the star formation history (SFH). Using a stellar population synthesis model, we calculate the number of giant stars for stellar populations with different galaxy-wide stellar initial mass functions (gwIMFs), ages, metallicities, and SFHs. If the gwIMF is the invariant canonical IMF, the 1σ (3σ) uncertainty in colour allows a distance as low as 12 Mpc (8 Mpc). If instead the true underlying gwIMF is the integrated galaxy-wide IMF (IGIMF) then overestimating distances for low-mass galaxies would be a natural result, allowing NGC 1052-DF2 to have a distance of 11 Mpc within the 1σ colour uncertainty. Finally, we show that our main conclusion on the existence of a bias in the SBF distance estimation is not much affected by changing the luminosity lower limit for counting giant stars.
WISDOM project – VIII. Multiscale feedback cycles in the brightest cluster galaxy NGC 0708
Authors: North Eve V , Davis Timothy A , Bureau Martin , Gaspari Massimo , Cappellari Michele , Iguchi Satoru , Liu Lijie , Onishi Kyoko , Sarzi Marc , Smith Mark D , Williams Thomas G 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
We present high-resolution (synthesized beam size 0${_{.}^{\prime\prime}}$088 × 0${_{.}^{\prime\prime}}$083 or 25 × 23 pc2) Atacama Large Millimetre/submillimetre Array 12CO(2–1) line and 236 GHz continuum observations, as well as 5 GHz enhanced Multi-Element Radio Linked Interferometer Network (e-MERLIN) continuum observations, of NGC 0708; the brightest galaxy in the low-mass galaxy cluster Abell 262. The line observations reveal a turbulent, rotating disc of molecular gas in the core of the galaxy, and a high-velocity, blueshifted feature ≈0${_{.}^{\prime\prime}}$4 (≈113 pc) from its centre. The submillimetre continuum emission peaks at the nucleus, but extends towards this anomalous CO emission feature. No corresponding elongation is found on the same spatial scales at 5 GHz with e-MERLIN. We discuss potential causes for the anomalous blueshifted emission detected in this source, and conclude that it is most likely to be a low-mass in-falling filament of material condensing from the hot intracluster medium via chaotic cold accretion, but it is also possible that it is a jet-driven molecular outflow. We estimate the physical properties this structure has in these two scenarios, and show that either explanation is viable. We suggest future observations with integral field spectrographs will be able to determine the true cause of this anomalous emission, and provide further evidence for interaction between quenched cooling flows and mechanical feedback on both small and large scales in this source.
A phage satellite tunes inducing phage gene expression using a domesticated endonuclease to balance inhibition and virion hijacking
Authors: Netter Zoe , Boyd Caroline M , Silvas Tania V , Seed Kimberley D 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBacteria persist under constant threat of predation by bacterial viruses (phages). Bacteria-phage conflicts result in evolutionary arms races often driven by mobile genetic elements (MGEs). One such MGE, a phage satellite in Vibrio cholerae called PLE, provides specific and robust defense against a pervasive lytic phage, ICP1. The interplay between PLE and ICP1 has revealed strategies for molecular parasitism allowing PLE to hijack ICP1 processes in order to mobilize. Here, we describe the mechanism of PLE-mediated transcriptional manipulation of ICP1 structural gene transcription. PLE encodes a novel DNA binding protein, CapR, that represses ICP1’s capsid morphogenesis operon. Although CapR is sufficient for the degree of capsid repression achieved by PLE, its activity does not hinder the ICP1 lifecycle. We explore the consequences of repression of this operon, demonstrating that more stringent repression achieved through CRISPRi restricts both ICP1 and PLE. We also discover that PLE transduces in modified ICP1-like particles. Examination of CapR homologs led to the identification of a suite of ICP1-encoded homing endonucleases, providing a putative origin for the satellite-encoded repressor. This work unveils a facet of the delicate balance of satellite-mediated inhibition aimed at blocking phage production while successfully mobilizing in a phage-derived particle.
A conserved BAH module within mammalian BAHD1 connects H3K27me3 to Polycomb gene silencing
Authors: Fan Huitao , Guo Yiran , Tsai Yi-Hsuan , Storey Aaron J , Kim Arum , Gong Weida , Edmondson Ricky D , Mackintosh Samuel G , Li Haitao , Byrum Stephanie D , Tackett Alan J , Cai Ling , Wang Gang Greg 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) is important for gene silencing and imprinting, (epi)genome organization and organismal development. In a prevalent model, the functional readout of H3K27me3 in mammalian cells is achieved through the H3K27me3-recognizing chromodomain harbored within the chromobox (CBX) component of canonical Polycomb repressive complex 1 (cPRC1), which induces chromatin compaction and gene repression. Here, we report that binding of H3K27me3 by a Bromo Adjacent Homology (BAH) domain harbored within BAH domain-containing protein 1 (BAHD1) is required for overall BAHD1 targeting to chromatin and for optimal repression of the H3K27me3-demarcated genes in mammalian cells. Disruption of direct interaction between BAHD1BAH and H3K27me3 by point mutagenesis leads to chromatin remodeling, notably, increased histone acetylation, at its Polycomb gene targets. Mice carrying an H3K27me3-interaction-defective mutation of Bahd1BAH causes marked embryonic lethality, showing a requirement of this pathway for normal development. Altogether, this work demonstrates an H3K27me3-initiated signaling cascade that operates through a conserved BAH ‘reader’ module within BAHD1 in mammals.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies on obesity and risk of inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Milajerdi Alireza , Abbasi Fatemeh , Esmaillzadeh Ahmad 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Context
There are only a few systematic reviews on the association of obesity with risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to date.

Objective
The current study was undertaken to systematically review prospective cohort studies on the association between body mass index (BMI) and risk of IBD. It was carried out according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines.

Data Sources
Relevant prospective cohort studies published from 1969 to July 2020 were searched through PubMed, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Google Scholar, using suitable keywords.

Data Extraction
Hazard ratios (HRs) or relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for IBD or its subtypes across categories of BMI were extracted.

Data Analysis
The log HRs/RRs, including standard errors, were calculated based on reported HRs or RRs and their 95% CIs, and overall effect size was calculated using a fixed-effects model. All statistical analyses were done using STATA version 14.0 (Stata Corp LP, College Station, TX, USA).

Conclusion
Overall, 9 studies were included. Combining findings from 5 studies, a statistically significant 21% lower risk of ulcerative colitis incidence was found in patients with obesity than in those with normal weight (RR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.68–0.92; I2= 0.0%), but not with risk of ulcerative colitis exacerbation, as found by meta-analysis of 3 studies. Pooling data from 5 studies, no significant differences were seen in the risk of Crohn’s disease incidence between patients in the highest range of BMI and those in the normal range. In addition, no significant nonlinear association was found between BMI and risk of Crohn’s disease (P=0.94). A significant inverse association was found between obesity and total IBD incidence (RR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.66–0.88; I2=93.2%), but not between increasing BMI and IBD exacerbation, or between increasing BMI and IBD incidence.
Predicting poverty trends by survey-to-survey imputation: the challenge of comparability
Authors: Mathiassen Astrid , Wold Bjørn K. Getz 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Poverty in low-income countries is usually measured using large and infrequent household consumption surveys. The challenge is to find methods to measure poverty rates more frequently. This study validates a survey-to-survey imputation method, based on a statistical model utilizing consumption surveys and light surveys to measure changes in poverty rates over time. A decade of poverty predictions and regular poverty estimates in Malawi provides a unique case study. The analysis suggests that this modelling approach works within the same context given that households’ demographic composition is included in the model. Predicting poverty using different surveys is challenging because of different aspects of comparability. A new way to account for seasonal coverage strengthens the model when imputing for surveys covering different seasons. It is important for national statistics offices and supporting agencies to prioritize maintaining consistency in the way data are collected in surveys to provide comparable trends over time.
Single-cell metabarcoding reveals biotic interactions of the Arctic calcifier Neogloboquadrina pachyderma with the eukaryotic pelagic community
Authors: Greco Mattia , Morard Raphaël , Kucera Michal 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Isotopic and trace-element signals in the calcite shells of the planktonic foraminifera Neogloboquadrina pachyderma represent key proxies to reconstruct past climatic conditions in northern high latitudes. A correct interpretation of these chemical signals requires knowledge of the habitat and trophic interactions of the species. Direct observations on the biological interactions of N. pachyderma in polar environments are lacking and to date no consensus exists on the trophic behavior of this species. Here, we use single-cell metabarcoding to characterize the interactions of 39 specimens of N. pachyderma from two sites in the Baffin Bay with the local eukaryotic pelagic community. Our results show that the eukaryotic interactome of the foraminifera is dominated by diatoms, accounting for &gt;50% of the reads in 17 of the samples, but other groups such as Crustacea and Syndiniales are also present. The high abundance Syndiniales suggests that these parasites could infect N. pachyderma and may play an important role in its population dynamics. Moreover, the strong but taxonomically non-specific association with algae, existing irrespective of depth and occurring in specimens collected far below the photic zone indicates that opportunistically grazed diatom-fueled marine aggregates likely represent the main interaction substrate of N. pachyderma.
Spatiotemporal genetic structure in theDaphnia pulexcomplex from Sierra Nevada lakes (Spain): reproductive mode and first record of North AmericanD.cf.pulexin European alpine lakes
Authors: Conde-Porcuna José M , Veiga Jesús , Moreno Emilio , Jiménez Laura , Ramos-Rodríguez Eloísa , Pérez-Martínez Carmen 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDaphnia is a good model organism for studying factors affecting dispersal and patterns of genetic diversity. Within this genus, the Daphnia pulex species complex includes lineages from North America and Europe, with some considered invaders in various continents, although their colonization history is poorly known. We used mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite markers to identify the D. pulex complex lineages in Sierra Nevada, determine their reproductive mode and reconstruct their genetic history (over the past ~25 to 65 years). We present the first recording of North American (NA) D. cf. pulex in a European high-mountain lake, showing its arrival ~65 years ago in lake Borreguil without temporal changes in its genetic structure. European (Eu) D. cf. pulicaria is the only lineage present in other Sierra Nevada lakes and also showed no genetic change over time. The results for both species are congruent with obligate parthenogenetic reproduction mode. Moreover, water mineralization may influence the clonal distribution of the D. pulex complex in Sierra Nevada, without ruling out dispersal limitation and/or founder effects. Although NA D. cf. pulex had not spread to other Sierra Nevada lakes, it could threaten Eu D. cf. pulicaria in Sierra Nevada and other European alpine lakes.