bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychosocial consequences of invitation to colorectal cancer screening: a matched cohort study
Authors: Malmqvist Jessica , Siersma Volkert , Hestbech Mie Sara , Nicolaisdóttir Dagný Rós , Bang Christine Winther , Brodersen John 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundPsychosocial consequences of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening can arise anywhere in the screening cascade. Previous studies have investigated the consequences of participating in CRC screening; however, we have not identified any studies investigating the psychosocial consequences of receiving the invitation. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate psychosocial consequences of invitation to CRC screening.MethodsThe study was a longitudinal study performed in Region Zealand, Denmark. Participants included in this study were a random sample of 1000 CRC screening invitees and 1000 control persons, not invited to screening, matched in a 1:1 design on sex, age and municipality. We assessed psychosocial consequences before and after invitation in both study groups concurrently. The primary outcomes were psychosocial consequences measured with the condition-specific questionnaire Consequences of Screening in ColoRectal Cancer.ResultsPreinvitation response rates were 575 (57.5%) and 610 (61.0%) for the invitation group and control group, respectively. Postinvitation response rates were 442 (44.2%) for the invitation group and 561 (56.1%) for the control group.No differences in mean change in scale score were seen except for the scale ‘Change in body perception’. The invitation group had a 0.39 lower change (99% CI (−0.78 to −0.004), p=0.009) in mean score than the control group in the direction of a less negative body perception after invitation.ConclusionsThis study did not identify an association between invitation to CRC screening and negative psychosocial consequences.
Redetermination of the strong-interaction width in pionic hydrogen
Authors: Hirtl A. , Anagnostopoulos D. F. , Covita D. S. , Fuhrmann H. , Gorke H. , Gotta D. , Gruber A. , Hennebach M. , Indelicato P. , Jensen Th. S. , Bigot E.-O. Le , Liu Y.-W. , Markushin V. E. , Marton J. , Nekipelov M. , Santos J. M. F. dos , Simons L. M. , Strauch Th. , Trassinelli M. , Veloso J. F. C. A. , Zmeskal J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe hadronic width of the ground state of pionic hydrogen has been redetermined by X-ray spectroscopy to be $$\varGamma ^{\pi \mathrm {H}}_{1s}=(856\,\pm \,16_\mathrm{stat}\,\pm \,22_\mathrm{sys})$$

Γ

1
s

π
H

=

(
856

±

16
stat

±

22
sys

)

meV. The experiment was performed at the high-intensity low-energy pion beam of the Paul Scherrer Institute by using the cyclotron trap and a high-resolution Bragg spectrometer with spherically bent crystals. Coulomb de-excitation was studied in detail by comparing its influence on the line shape by measuring the three different transitions K$$\alpha $$
α
, K$$\beta $$
β
, and K$$\gamma $$
γ
at various hydrogen densities. The pion-nucleon scattering lengths and other physical quantities extracted from pionic-atom data are in good agreement with the results obtained from pion-nucleon and nucleon-nucleon scattering experiments and confirm that a consistent picture is achieved for the low-energy pion-nucleon sector with respect to the expectations of chiral perturbation theory.
Power corrections in a transverse-momentum cut for vector-boson production at NNLO: the qg-initiated real-virtual contribution
Authors: Oleari Carlo , Rocco Marco 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe consider the production of a vector boson (Z, $$W^\pm $$

W
±

or $$\gamma ^*$$

γ
∗

) at next-to-next-to-leading order in the strong coupling constant $$\alpha _\mathrm{S}$$

α
S

. We impose a transverse-momentum cutoff, $$q_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{cut}}$$

q

T

cut

, on the vector boson produced in the qg-initiated channel. We then compute the power corrections in the cutoff, up to the second power, of the real-virtual interference contribution to the cumulative cross section at order $$\alpha _\mathrm{S}^2$$

α

S

2

. Other terms with the same kinematics, originating from the subtraction method applied to the double-real contribution, have been also considered. The knowledge of such power corrections is a required ingredient in order to reduce the dependence on the transverse-momentum cutoff of the QCD cross sections at next-to-next-to-leading order, when the $$q_{\mathrm{T}}$$

q
T

-subtraction method is applied. In addition, the study of the dependence of the cross section on $$q_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{cut}}$$

q

T

cut

allows as well for an understanding of its behaviour in the small transverse-momentum limit, giving hints on the structure at all orders in $$\alpha _\mathrm{S}$$

α
S

and on the identification of universal patterns. Our result are presented in an analytic form, using the process-independent procedure described in a previous paper for the calculation of the all-order power corrections in $$q_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{cut}}$$

q

T

cut

.
Running in the ALPs
Authors: Chala Mikael , Guedes Guilherme , Ramos Maria , Santiago Jose 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe couplings of axion-like particles are probed by different experiments across a huge range of energy scales. Accordingly, a consistent analysis of the corresponding constraints requires the use of the renormalization group equations. We compute the full one-loop renormalization group evolution of all – relevant and marginal – parameters in the effective field theory for axion-like particles up to dimension five, above and below the electroweak scale, assuming only that new physics does not violate CP. We also include a detailed discussion of the different bases used in the literature, the relations among them and the interplay of the CP and shift symmetries.
Cytoplasmic Localization of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Inhibitors May Confer Advantages for Targeted Cancer Therapies
Authors: Matthias Jessica , Engelhardt Johann , Schäfer Martin , Bauder-Wüst Ulrike , Meyer Philipp T. , Haberkorn Uwe , Eder Matthias , Kopka Klaus , Hell Stefan W. , Eder Ann-Christin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Targeted imaging and therapy approaches based on novel prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) inhibitors have fundamentally changed the treatment regimen of prostate cancer. However, the exact mechanism of PSMA inhibitor internalization has not yet been studied, and the inhibitors' subcellular fate remains elusive. Here, we investigated the intracellular distribution of peptidomimetic PSMA inhibitors and of PSMA itself by stimulated emission depletion (STED) nanoscopy, applying a novel nonstandard live cell staining protocol. Imaging analysis confirmed PSMA cluster formation at the cell surface of prostate cancer cells and clathrin-dependent endocytosis of PSMA inhibitors. Following the endosomal pathway, PSMA inhibitors accumulated in prostate cancer cells at clinically relevant time points. In contrast with PSMA itself, PSMA inhibitors were found to eventually distribute homogeneously in the cytoplasm, a molecular condition that promises benefits for treatment as cytoplasmic and in particular perinuclear enrichment of the radionuclide carriers may better facilitate the radiation-mediated damage of cancerous cells. This study is the first to reveal the subcellular fate of PSMA/PSMA inhibitor complexes at the nanoscale and aims to inspire the development of new approaches in the field of prostate cancer research, diagnostics, and therapeutics.

Significance:
This study uses STED fluorescence microscopy to reveal the subcellular fate of PSMA/PSMA inhibitor complexes near the molecular level, providing insights of great clinical interest and suggestive of advantageous targeted therapies.
Sex Hormones, Insulin, and Insulin-like Growth Factors in Recurrence of High-Stage Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Merritt Melissa A. , Strickler Howard D. , Hutson Alan D. , Einstein Mark H. , Rohan Thomas E. , Xue Xiaonan , Sherman Mark E. , Brinton Louise A. , Yu Herbert , Miller David S. , Ramirez Nilsa C. , Lankes Heather A. , Birrer Michael J. , Huang Gloria S. , Gunter Marc J. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background:
The influence of sex hormone and insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis signaling on endometrial cancer recurrence is unknown. We evaluated these pathways in a prospective cohort of Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG)0210 trial endometrial adenocarcinoma patients.

Methods:
Stage II–IV patients (N = 816) were included in this study. Pretreatment specimens were tested for tumor mRNA and protein expression of IGF1, IGF2, IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP)-1 and -3, insulin (IR) and IGF-I receptors (IGF1R), phosphorylated IR/IGF1R (pIGF1R/pIR), and estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) using qPCR and IHC. Serum concentrations of insulin, IGF-I, IGFBP-3, estradiol, estrone, and sex hormone binding globulin were measured. HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for progression-free survival were calculated from Cox models adjusting for age, stage, and grade.

Results:
Recurrence occurred in 280 (34%) cases during a median of 4.6 years of follow-up. ER positivity (HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.47–0.95), IR positivity (HR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.29–0.98), and circulating IGF-I (highest vs. lowest quartile: HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.47–0.92) were inversely associated with recurrence risk. Circulating estradiol (highest vs. lowest tertile: HR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.02–2.36) and pIGF1R/pIR positivity (HR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.02–1.92) were associated with increased recurrence risk.

Conclusions:
Circulating estradiol and tumor tissue phosphorylated (activated) IGR1R/IR were independently associated with higher risk of recurrence in patients with endometrial cancer.

Impact:
This study may inform future clinical trials of endocrine-targeted adjuvant therapies in patients with endometrial cancer that could include baseline assessment of serum and tissue biomarkers of estradiol and insulin signaling pathways.
Molecular Features of Cancer-associated Fibroblast Subtypes and their Implication on Cancer Pathogenesis, Prognosis, and Immunotherapy Resistance
Authors: Galbo Phillip M. , Zang Xingxing , Zheng Deyou 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPurpose:Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are an important component of the tumor microenvironment, but a systematic investigation of their molecular characteristics and clinical relevance are lacking. Here, we sought to compare CAFs across multiple cancer types to identify critical molecular pathways activated in CAF subtypes, which may contribute to clinical outcome, disease progression, and immunotherapy resistance.Experimental Design:We performed integrated analysis of CAFs from melanoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and lung cancer, and identified the molecular characteristics that are distinctly active in each CAF subtype. Gene signatures for individual CAF subtypes were identified and used to study the association of subtype abundance with clinical outcome and immunotherapy resistance.Results:We identified six CAF subtypes (pan-CAF) shared across cancer types and uncovered the molecular characteristics and genetic pathways distinguishing them. Interestingly, these CAF subtypes express distinct immunosuppressive factors, such as CXCL12 and CXLC14, and stem cell–promoting factor IL6. In addition, we identified novel transcriptional drivers (MEF2C, TWIST1, NR1H3, RELB, and FOXM1) key to CAF heterogeneity. Furthermore, we showed that CAF subtypes were associated with different clinical outcomes and uncovered key molecular pathways that could activate or suppress cancer progression or were involved in resistance to anti-PD1 or anti–PD-L1 immunotherapy.Conclusions:Our study identifies the molecular characteristics of CAF subtypes shared across several cancer types, implicates cancer types that may benefit from CAF subtype targeted therapies, and identifies specific CAF subtypes associated with immunotherapy resistance.
Diagnostic Performance of 18F-DCFPyL-PET/CT in Men with Biochemically Recurrent Prostate Cancer: Results from the CONDOR Phase III, Multicenter Study
Authors: Morris Michael J. , Rowe Steven P. , Gorin Michael A. , Saperstein Lawrence , Pouliot Frédéric , Josephson David , Wong Jeffrey Y.C. , Pantel Austin R. , Cho Steve Y. , Gage Kenneth L. , Piert Morand , Iagaru Andrei , Pollard Janet H. , Wong Vivien , Jensen Jessica , Lin Tess , Stambler Nancy , Carroll Peter R. , Siegel Barry A. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Purpose:
Current FDA-approved imaging modalities are inadequate for localizing prostate cancer biochemical recurrence (BCR). 18F-DCFPyL is a highly selective, small-molecule prostate-specific membrane antigen–targeted PET radiotracer. CONDOR was a prospective study designed to determine the performance of 18F-DCFPyL-PET/CT in patients with BCR and uninformative standard imaging.

Experimental Design:
Men with rising PSA ≥0.2 ng/mL after prostatectomy or ≥2 ng/mL above nadir after radiotherapy were eligible. The primary endpoint was correct localization rate (CLR), defined as positive predictive value with an additional requirement of anatomic lesion colocalization between 18F-DCFPyL-PET/CT and a composite standard of truth (SOT). The SOT consisted of, in descending priority (i) histopathology, (ii) subsequent correlative imaging findings, or (iii) post-radiation PSA response. The trial was considered a success if the lower bound of the 95% confidence interval (CI) for CLR exceeded 20% for two of three 18F-DCFPyL-PET/CT readers. Secondary endpoints included change in intended management and safety.

Results:
A total of 208 men with a median baseline PSA of 0.8 ng/mL (range: 0.2–98.4 ng/mL) underwent 18F-DCFPyL-PET/CT. The CLR was 84.8%–87.0% (lower bound of 95% CI: 77.8–80.4). A total of 63.9% of evaluable patients had a change in intended management after 18F-DCFPyL-PET/CT. The disease detection rate was 59% to 66% (at least one lesion detected per patient by 18F-DCFPyL-PET/CT by central readers).

Conclusions:
Performance of 18F-DCFPyL-PET/CT achieved the study’s primary endpoint, demonstrating disease localization in the setting of negative standard imaging and providing clinically meaningful and actionable information. These data further support the utility of 18F-DCFPyL-PET/CT to localize disease in men with recurrent prostate cancer.
See related commentary by True and Chen, p. 3512
A fuzzy-PID controller in shell and tube heat exchanger simulation modeled for temperature control
Authors: Somasundar Reddy C. , Balaji K. 
Published: February 2021

<span>Shell and tube heat exchanger is the most generally utilized types of heat exchanger for heat transfer in many industrial purposes. Shell and tube heat exchanger comprises a set of unit. One unit includes mechanical parts and another unit consists of controlling part. Both the unit has to be modelled to ensure the efficient operation of shell and tube heat exchanger. The mechanical modelling is completely established on the type of applications. The controller modelling is independent of the kind of applications. The controller only needs the input fluid and output fluid properties such as temperature and flow rate. Hence the primary objective of the paper is to focus on the controller part for enhancing the heat exchanger performance. This paper proposes the novel fuzzy-PID controlling technique based on the multiplication operation to make the settling time and overshoot of setpoint temperature to be less to a greater extent and the results are compared with the conventional PI method with various tuning algorithms.</span>
Coplanar waveguide-fed ultra-wideband antenna with WLAN band
Authors: Soemphol Chaiyong , Angkawisittpan Niwat 
Published: February 2021

<span>A coplanar waveguide</span><em></em><span>fed ultra-wideband antenna with extended transmission band to WLAN frequency is investigated. The proposed antenna consists of a modified </span><span>semi-</span><span>circular patch and staircase of ground plane. The prototype is fabricated on a low cost FR4 substrate with dielectric constant of 4.4</span><span> with thicknes of 0.8 mm. The overall dimensions of proposed UWB antenna are </span><span>34 mm x 40 mm. The simulation and experimental results have been shown that the proposed antenna archives low VSWR over transmission bandwidth from 2.10 - 12.7 GHz to cover both WLAN and UWB bands. The average gain is 3.87 dBi. It depicts nearly omni-directional radiation pattern like dipole antenna. Moreover, the fabricated prototype antenna shows a good agreement between the simulated and measured results</span>
Microhabitat selection of the poorly known lizard Tropidurus lagunablanca (Squamata: Tropiduridae) in the Pantanal, Brazil
Authors: Benício Ronildo Alves , Passos Daniel Cunha , Mencía Abraham , Ortega Zaida 
Published: February 2021

Understanding how different environmental factors influence species occurrence is a key issue to address the study of natural populations. However, there is a lack of knowledge on how local traits influence the microhabitat use of tropical arboreal lizards. Here, we investigated the microhabitat selection of the poorly known lizard Tropidurus lagunablanca (Squamata: Tropiduridae) and evaluated how environmental microhabitat features influence animal’s presence. We used a Resource Selection Function approach, in a case/control design where we analyzed the effect of substrate temperature and tree’s diameter at breast height (DBH) in the probability of presence of lizards using mixed Conditional Logistic Regression. We found that T. lagunablanca uses trees with DBH from 0.40 m to 4 m and substrate temperatures ranging from 25.9℃ to 42℃. Moreover, we showed that thickness of the trees and substrate temperatures significantly increased the probability of presence of T. lagunablanca individuals, being the probability of presence higher than 50% for trees up to 1.5 m DBH and temperature of substrate up to 37.5℃. Our study probed that T. lagunablanca individuals choose trees non-randomly, selecting thicker and warmer tree trunks. This information advances the knowledge of the spatial ecology of Neotropical arboreal lizards and is relevant for conservation, putting an emphasis on preserving native vegetation in the Pantanal.
Revisiting the morphology and systematic placement of the enigmatic Cretaceous ommatid beetle Bukhkalius lindae (Coleoptera: Archostemata: Ommatidae)
Authors: Li Yan-Da , Huang Di-Ying , Cai Chen-Yang 
Published: February 2021

The systematic position of Bukhkalius lindae (Jarzembowski et al. 2017) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber is revised based on a re-examination of the type specimen. Our observation confirms that B. lindae lacks unique apomorphies of Tetraphalerus Waterhouse, in which it was originally placed, including complete antennal grooves and mushroom-shaped micro-tubercles. It is well justified to place it into a separate genus, i.e., Bukhkalius Kirejtshuk & Jarzembowski, 2020. The incomplete but distinct antennal grooves and the Tetraphalerus-like mouthparts of B. lindae suggest that it has a close affinity to Tetraphalerus. Therefore, B. lindae may represent a missing link bridging the morphological gap between extant ommatid subfamilies Tetraphalerinae and Ommatinae.
Early Pregnancy Atherogenic Profile in a First Pregnancy and Hypertension Risk 2 to 7 Years After Delivery
Authors: Catov Janet M. , McNeil Rebecca B. , Marsh Derek J. , Mercer Brian M. , Bairey Merz C. Noel , Parker Corette B. , Pemberton Victoria L. , Saade George R. , Chen Yii‐Der (Ida) , Chung Judith H. , Ehrenthal Deborah B. , Grobman William A. , Haas David M. , Parry Samuel , Polito LuAnn , Reddy Uma M. , Silver Robert M. , Simhan Hyagriv N. , Wapner Ronald J. , Kominiarek Michelle , Kreutz Rolf , Levine Lisa D. , Greenland Philip ,   for the NHLBI nuMoM2b Heart Health Study
Published: February 2021

Background
Cardiovascular risk in young adulthood is an important determinant of lifetime cardiovascular disease risk. Women with adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) have increased cardiovascular risk, but the relationship of other factors is unknown.

Methods and Results

Among 4471 primiparous women, we related first‐trimester atherogenic markers to risk of APO (hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, preterm birth, small for gestational age), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and hypertension (130/80 mm Hg or antihypertensive use) 2 to 7 years after delivery. Women with an APO/GDM (n=1102) had more atherogenic characteristics (obesity [34.2 versus 19.5%], higher blood pressure [systolic blood pressure 112.2 versus 108.4, diastolic blood pressure 69.2 versus 66.6 mm Hg], glucose [5.0 versus 4.8 mmol/L], insulin [77.6 versus 60.1 pmol/L], triglycerides [1.4 versus 1.3 mmol/L], and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein [5.6 versus 4.0 nmol/L], and lower high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol [1.8 versus 1.9 mmol/L];
P
<0.05) than women without an APO/GDM. They were also more likely to develop hypertension after delivery (32.8% versus 18.1%,
P
<0.05). Accounting for confounders and factors routinely assessed antepartum, higher glucose (relative risk [RR] 1.03 [95% CI, 1.00–1.06] per 0.6 mmol/L), high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (RR, 1.06 [95% CI, 1.02–1.11] per 2‐fold higher), and triglycerides (RR, 1.27 [95% CI, 1.14–1.41] per 2‐fold higher) were associated with later hypertension. Higher physical activity was protective (RR, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.87‐0.99] per 3 h/week). When evaluated as latent profiles, the nonobese group with higher lipids, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein, and insulin values (6.9% of the cohort) had increased risk of an APO/GDM and later hypertension. Among these factors, 7% to 15% of excess RR was related to APO/GDM.

Conclusions
Individual and combined first‐trimester atherogenic characteristics are associated with APO/GDM occurrence and hypertension 2 to 7 years later.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02231398.