bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impaired Functional T-Cell Response to SARS-CoV-2 After Two Doses of BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine in Older People
Authors: Demaret Julie , Corroyer-Simovic Bénédicte , Alidjinou Enagnon Kazali , Goffard Anne , Trauet Jacques , Miczek Sophie , Vuotto Fanny , Dendooven Arnaud , Huvent-Grelle Dominique , Podvin Juliette , Dreuil Daniel , Faure Karine , Deplanque Dominique , Bocket Laurence , Duhamel Alain , Labreuche Julien , Sobaszek Annie , Hisbergues Michael , Puisieux Francois , Labalette Myriam , Lefèvre Guillaume 
Published: November 2021

Long-term care facility (LTCF) older residents display physiological alterations of cellular and humoral immunity that affect vaccine responses. Preliminary reports suggested a low early postvaccination antibody response against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The aim of this study was to focus on the specific T-cell response. We quantified S1-specific IgG, neutralizing antibody titers, total specific IFNγ-secreting T cells by ELISpot, and functionality of CD4+- and CD8+-specific T cells by flow cytometry, after two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine in younger and older people, with and without previous COVID-19 infection (hereafter referred to as COVID-19-recovered and COVID-19-naive subjects, respectively). Frailty, nutritional, and immunosenescence parameters were collected at baseline in COVID-19-naive older people. We analyzed the immune response in 129 young adults (median age 44.0 years) and 105 older residents living in a LCTF (median age 86.5 years), 3 months after the first injection. Humoral and cellular memory responses were dramatically impaired in the COVID-19-naive older (n = 54) compared with the COVID-19-naive younger adults (n = 121). Notably, older participants’ neutralizing antibodies were 10 times lower than the younger’s antibody titers (p &lt; 0.0001) and LCTF residents also had an impaired functional T-cell response: the frequencies of IFNγ+ and IFNγ+IL-2+TNFα+ cells among specific CD4+ T cells, and the frequency of specific CD8+ T cells were lower in COVID-19-naive older participants than in COVID-19-naive young adults (p &lt; 0.0001 and p = 0.0018, respectively). However, COVID-19-recovered older participants (n = 51) had greater antibody and T-cell responses, including IFNγ+ and IFNγ+IL-2+TNFα+-specific CD4+ T cells (p &lt; 0.0001), as well as TNFα+-specific CD8+ T cells (p &lt; 0.001), than COVID-19-naive older adults. We also observed that “inflammageing” and particularly high plasma levels of TNFα was associated to poor antibody response in the older participants. In conclusion, our results show that the COVID-19-naive older people had low counts and impaired specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, in addition to impaired antibody response, and that specific studies are warranted to assess the efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-based vaccines, as in other immunocompromised subjects. Our study also shows that, despite their physiological alterations of immunity, vaccination is highly efficient in boosting the prior natural memory response in COVID-19-recovered older people.
Leisure Activities and Their Relationship With MRI Measures of Brain Structure, Functional Connectivity, and Cognition in the UK Biobank Cohort
Authors: Anatürk Melis , Suri Sana , Smith Stephen M. , Ebmeier Klaus P. , Sexton Claire E. 
Published: November 2021

Introduction:This study aimed to evaluate whether engagement in leisure activities is linked to measures of brain structure, functional connectivity, and cognition in early old age.Methods:We examined data collected from 7,152 participants of the United Kingdom Biobank (UK Biobank) study. Weekly participation in six leisure activities was assessed twice and a cognitive battery and 3T MRI brain scan were administered at the second visit. Based on responses collected at two time points, individuals were split into one of four trajectory groups: (1) stable low engagement, (2) stable weekly engagement, (3) low to weekly engagement, and (4) weekly to low engagement.Results:Consistent weekly attendance at a sports club or gym was associated with connectivity of the sensorimotor functional network with the lateral visual (β = 0.12, 95%CI = [0.07, 0.18], FDRq= 2.48 × 10–3) and cerebellar (β = 0.12, 95%CI = [0.07, 0.18], FDRq= 1.23 × 10–4) networks. Visiting friends and family across the two timepoints was also associated with larger volumes of the occipital lobe (β = 0.15, 95%CI = [0.08, 0.21], FDRq= 0.03). Additionally, stable and weekly computer use was associated with global cognition (β = 0.62, 95%CI = [0.35, 0.89], FDRq= 1.16 × 10–4). No other associations were significant (FDRq&gt; 0.05).Discussion:This study demonstrates that not all leisure activities contribute to cognitive health equally, nor is there one unifying neural signature across diverse leisure activities.
Night-Time Non-dipping Blood Pressure and Heart Rate: An Association With the Risk of Silent Small Vessel Disease in Patients Presenting With Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Akhtar Naveed , Al-Jerdi Salman , Kamran Saadat , Singh Rajvir , Babu Blessy , Abdelmoneim Mohamed S. , Morgan Deborah , Joseph Sujatha , Francis Reny , Shuaib Ashfaq 
Published: November 2021

Background and Purpose: Nocturnal non-dipping blood pressure and heart rate are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The effects of such variance on cerebrovascular disease have not been well studied.Methods: The 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (ABPM) and heart rate were monitored with B-pro in patients with acute stroke within the initial week of hospital admission. The risk factor profiles, clinical presentation, imaging, and short-term prognosis were compared in nocturnal dippers and non-dippers (more than 10% nocturnal decrease) of blood pressure and heart rate.Results: We enrolled 234 patients in whom ABPM and MRI data were available. Heart rate data were available in 180 patients. Lacunar sub-cortical stroke was the most common acute lesion (58.9%), while hypertension (74%) and diabetes (41.5%) were the most common associated risk factors. ABPM revealed non-dipping in 69% of patients. On univariate analysis, Small Vessel Disease (SVD) was significantly more frequent in non-dippers vs. dippers (BP: 56.8 vs. 40.3% p = 0.02; heart rate: 57.9 vs. 40.7% p = 0.03). Silent strokes were also more frequent in non-dippers vs. dippers (BP: 40.7 vs. 26.4% p = 0.35; heart rate: 44.6 vs. 25.4% p = 0.01). Multivariate analysis revealed SVD to be significantly related to age, hypertension, blood pressure non-dipping, and severity of symptoms at index event.Conclusions: The presence of nocturnal non-dipping of blood pressure and heart rate are associated with an increased risk of silent stroke and SVD. Increased use of ABPM may allow for improved diagnosis of non-dippers.
Impact of Tumor–Stroma Ratio on the Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gao Jinlai , Shen Zhangguo , Deng Zaixing , Mei Lina 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundIt is critical to develop a reliable and cost-effective prognostic tool for colorectal cancer (CRC) stratification and treatment optimization. Tumor–stroma ratio (TSR) may be a promising indicator of poor prognosis in CRC patients. As a result, we conducted a systematic review on the predictive value of TSR in CRC.MethodsThis study was carried out according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guideline. An electronic search was completed using commonly used databases PubMed, CENTRAL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Google scholar till the last search up to May 30, 2021. STATA version 13 was used to analyze the data.ResultsA total of 13 studies [(12 for disease-free survival (DFS) and nine studies for overall survival (OS)] involving 4,857 patients met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review in the present study. In individuals with stage II CRC, stage III CRC, or mixed stage CRC, we observed a significantly higher pooled hazard ratio (HR) in those with a low TSR/greater stromal content (HR, 1.54; 95% CI: 1.20 to 1.88), (HR, 1.90; 95% CI: 1.35 to 2.45), and (HR, 1.70; 95% CI: 1.45 to 1.95), respectively, for predicting DFS. We found that a low TSR ratio had a statistically significant predictive relevance for stage II (HR, 1.43; 95% CI: 1.09 to 1.77) and mixed stages of CRC (HR, 1.65; 95% CI: 1.31 to 2.0) for outcome OS.ConclusionIn patients with CRC, low TSR was found to be a prognostic factor for a worse prognosis (DFS and OS).
The Survival Benefit for Optimal Glycemic Control in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients With Preexisting Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Qian Jie , Wang Weimin , Wang Lin , Lu Jun , Zhang Lele , Zhang Bo , Wang Shuyuan , Nie Wei , Zhang Yanwei , Lou Yuqing , Han Baohui 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a frequent comorbidity in patients with cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the prognosis of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with DM and to assess whether an optimal glycemic control improves overall survival (OS).MethodsA total of 1279 advanced NSCLC patients including 300 (23.5%) with preexisting DM were retrospectively reviewed. The continuous relationship between glycated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) level and OS was analyzed by restricted cubic spline (RCS) function. Optimal HbA1c cut-off point was determined using X-tile analysis. Survival was analyzed with the Kaplan–Meier method and compared among groups stratified by diabetes status and HbA1c. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was employed to identify prognostic factors for OS after adjusting for baseline characteristics.ResultsDM and non-DM patients had similar OS (median (95% CI): 22.85 (20.05-26.73) vs. 22.22 (20.35-24.76) months, P=0.950). The multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that DM status was not a prognostic factor for OS (HR: 0.952, 95% CI: 0.808-1.122, P=0.559). However, there existed a non-linear but generally positive relationship between the elevated HbA1c level and increased risk of overall mortality. HbA1c &gt; 6.6% was a negative prognostic factor for OS (HR: 1.593, 95% CI: 1.113-2.280, P=0.011). The median OS (95% CI) for nondiabetic patients, DM patients with HbA1c ≤6.6% and those with HbA1c &gt; 6.6% was 22.22 (20.01-24.43), 25.28 (21.79-28.77) and 15.45 (7.57-23.33) months, respectively. Well-controlled DM patients had a comparable crude OS (HR (95% CI): 0.90 (0.76-1.08), P=0.273] compared to nondiabetic patients while patients with HbA1c&gt;6.6% had a worse crude OS than patients without DM (HR (95% CI): 1.70 (1.24-2.34), P=0.001]. The survival benefit of good HbA1c control was prominent in all subgroups.ConclusionImpaired glycemic level negatively affects survival for patients with advanced NSCLC while proper glycemic control with HbA1c ≤6.6% improves the OS.
Hemorrhage During Induction Chemotherapy in Neuroblastoma: Additional Risk Factors in High-Risk Patients
Authors: Voglino Valerio , Persano Giorgio , Crocoli Alessandro , Castellano Aurora , Serra Annalisa , Giordano Ugo , Natali Gian Luigi , Di Paolo Pier Luigi , Martucci Cristina , Stracuzzi Alessandra , Inserra Alessandro 
Published: November 2021

Background: Neuroblastoma is the most common solid extracranial tumor in children. Patients affected by neuroblastoma are stratified into low, intermediate, and high risk in terms of event-free and overall survival. Some high-risk patients have an additional risk of acute hemorrhagic complications during induction chemotherapy.Aim: To find easily and rapidly assessed parameters that help clinicians identify those patients affected by high-risk neuroblastoma who have an additional risk of hemorrhagic complications.Methods: The clinical notes of patients diagnosed with high-risk neuroblastoma from January 2013 until February 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical, demographic and laboratory data, biological characteristics of the tumor, and information about treatment and hospital stay were identified.Results: In the examined period, 44 patients were diagnosed with high-risk neuroblastoma. Four of these patients had hemorrhagic complications within 2–7 days after the initiation of induction chemotherapy; two patients had hemothorax, one patient had hemoperitoneum and one patient had hemothorax and hemoperitoneum. The patient with isolated hemoperitoneum was treated with blood components transfusions, clotting factors and colloids infusions; the three patients with hemothorax underwent thoracostomy tube placement and respiratory support. At initial presentation, patients who suffered from hemorrhagic complications had a higher degree of hypertension (stage 2, p = 0.0003), higher levels of LDH (median 3,745 U/L, p = 0.009) and lower levels of hemoglobin (mean 7.6 gr/dl, p = 0.0007) compared to other high-risk patients.Conclusions: A subgroup of “additional” high-risk patients can be identified within the high-risk neuroblastoma patients based on mean arterial pressure, LDH levels and hemoglobin levels at presentation. Further studies to define cut-off values and optimal management strategies for these patients are needed.
Identification of Novel Type Three Secretion System (T3SS) Inhibitors by Computational Methods and Anti-Salmonella Evaluations
Authors: Wang Yonghui , Hou Meihui , Kan Zhaodong , Zhang Guanghui , Li Yunxia , Zhou Lei , Wang Changfa 
Published: November 2021

Three type III secretion system (T3SS) inhibitors (compounds 5, 19, and 32) were identified by virtual screening and biological evaluation. These three compounds were evaluated against a panel of Salmonella species strains including S. enteritidis, S. typhi, S. typhimurium, S. paratyphi, and S. abortus equi, and their minimum inhibitory concentrations ranged from 1 to 53 μg/ml. Especially, these compounds showed comparable activity as the of the positive control gatifloxacin towards S. abortus equi. The present results suggest that these new T3SS inhibitors could be used as a potential lead molecule for drug development of anti-Salmonella.
Burnout Syndrome in Brazilian Medical Doctors: A Cross-Sectional Examination of Risk and Protective Factors
Authors: Becker Natalia Dalla Costa , Carlos da Rocha Adilson , Follador Franciele Aní Caovilla , Wendt Guilherme Welter , Ferreto Lirane Elize Defante , Fortes Paulo Nunes , Amorim João Paulo Arruda 
Published: November 2021

Objectives:This investigation sought to identify the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome (BS) among Brazilian medical doctors (BS) and the associations with risk factors and protective factors.Methods:Out of 206 registered MD from a medium-sized municipality, 121 were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Convenience sampling was used. Based on Cohen'sf2, a power of 98% and a 0.05 alpha was achieved. MD responded to sociodemographic questions and to the Portuguese-version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory–Human Services Survey (MBI). Risk and protective factors linked with BS were examined with regression analyses.Results:The age of the participants ranged from 25 to 69 years (M = 40.89; SD = 10.13) and 73.6% were male. The prevalence of BS was 7.5%. Differential aspects were related to BS. For instance, while not reporting satisfaction with the institution (β = 16.16,p&lt; 0.001) and not practicing physical exercise (β = 7.39,p= 0.014) were associated with higher scores in the BS composite score, those who did not intend to change their careers (β = −17.15,p&lt; 0.001) and participants who saw mental health specialists (β = −8.99,p= 0.007) scored lower, accounting for nearly a half of the BS composite score (R2= 46%).Conclusion:The prevalence of BS in this study falls within the range previously reported among healthcare professionals (i.e., 2.6–11.8%). Moreover, data suggested that commitment with the occupation and with the participant's own mental health could boost reactions against the deleterious effects of the BS. In this sense, organizations can develop strategies for preventing BS, a process that is known to be chronic and, to some extent, preventable.
Certifying Gender Equality in Research: Lessons Learnt From Athena SWAN and Total E-Quality Award Schemes
Authors: Tzanakou Charikleia , Clayton-Hathway Kate , Humbert Anne Laure 
Published: November 2021

In the past 2 decades, many Certification and Award schemes (CAS) related to gender equality, diversity and inclusion have emerged in the higher education, research and industry sectors. According to a recent report, there are as many as 113 CAS which have been identified across Europe and beyond. These CAS aim at addressing inequalities in relation to the grounds of sex, gender, race, sexual orientation, and disability among others. The high number of CAS, and their continued growth, has taken place in parallel to the shift of policies and efforts from “fixing individuals” to “fixing the system.” In these schemes, gender equality is often understood as a structural, systemic challenge, with a recognition that advancing gender equality is complex and requires drivers and interventions at micro, meso and macro level. Studies focused on analysing and evaluating gender equality initiatives in higher education have been scarce, and often limited to specific schemes. This paper aims to fill this gap by providing a better understanding of the CAS landscape through comparing two of the main gender equality schemes used by research-performing organisations in Europe Athena SWAN (in the UK) and Total E-Quality Award (in Germany). Based on qualitative interviews with stakeholders across Europe and document analysis, this paper focuses on strengths, challenges faced by and the impact of these CAS. This comparative exercise highlights particular learning points that can inform potential reviews of existing schemes and/or the development of new schemes such as a Europe-wide scheme. The latter is the focus of a Horizon 2020 project entitled CASPER (Certification-Award Systems to Promote Gender Equality in Research), which aims at making recommendations to the European Commission as to the feasibility of a Europe-wide CAS for gender equality in research organisations.
Comparison of the Safety and Efficacy of Laparoscopic Left Lateral Hepatectomy and Open Left Lateral Hepatectomy for Hepatolithiasis: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Xiaoji , Chen Ai , Fu Qiurong , Cai Chunping 
Published: November 2021

Background: Intrahepatic duct (IHD) stones, also known as hepatolithiasis, refers to any intrahepatic stones of the left and right hepatic ducts. It is a benign biliary tract disease with a high recurrence rate, with many complications, and difficulty in radical cure. The aim of this review and meta-analysis is to compare the safety and efficacy of the laparoscopic left lateral hepatectomy (LLLH) and open left lateral hepatectomy (OLLH) for IHD stones.Methods: Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane, WangFang Data, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding the comparison of LLLH and OLLH in the treatment of hepatolithiasis. Standard mean difference (SMD), odds ratio (OR), and 95% CI were calculated using the random-effects model or fixed-effects model according to the heterogeneity between studies.Results: From January 01, 2001 to May 30, 2021, 1,056 articles were retrieved, but only 13 articles were finally included for the meta-analysis. The results showed that compared to the OLLH group, LLLH resulted in smaller surgical incision, less intraoperative blood loss, faster postoperative recovery, and fewer postoperative complications (surgical incision: SMD = −3.76, 95% CI: −5.40, −2.12; intraoperative blood loss: SMD = −0.95, 95% CI: −1.69, −0.21; length of hospital stay: SMD = −1.56, 95% CI: −2.37, −0.75; postoperative complications: OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.26, 0.78).Conclusions: In the treatment of hepatolithiasis, compared with OLLH, LLLH has the advantages of less intraoperative blood loss, smaller incisions, less postoperative complications, shorter hospital stay, shorter time to first postoperative exhaust, and postoperative ambulation, and rapid postoperative recovery.
Delivering brief physical activity interventions in primary care: a systematic review
Authors: Hall Louise H , Thorneloe Rachael , Rodriguez-Lopez Rocio , Grice Adam , Thorat Mangesh A , Bradbury Katherine , Kamble Meghana Wadnerkar , Okoli Grace N , Powell Daniel , Beeken Rebecca J 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundPhysical activity (PA) brief interventions (BIs) involving screening and/or advice are recommended in primary care but frequency of delivery is unknown.AimTo examine the extent to which PA BIs are delivered in primary care, and explore factors associated with delivery, receipt, and patient receptivity.Design and settingA mixed-methods systematic review of studies conducted worldwide, with a narrative synthesis of results.MethodCINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and APA PsycINFO index databases were searched for qualitative and quantitative studies, dating from January 2012 to June 2020, that reported the level of delivery and/or receipt of PA BIs in primary care, and/or factors affecting delivery, receipt, and patient receptivity. Quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Attitudes towards and barriers to delivery were coded into the Theoretical Domains Framework and the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation Behaviour model.ResultsAfter screening a total of 13 066 records, 66 articles were included in the review. The extent of PA screening and advice in primary care varied widely (2.4%–100% and 0.6%–100%, respectively). PA advice was delivered more often to patients with a higher body mass index, lower PA levels, and/or more comorbidities. Barriers — including a lack of time and training/guidelines — remain, despite recommendations from the World Health Organization and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence that PA advice should be provided in primary care. Few studies explored patients’ receptivity to advice.ConclusionPA BIs are not delivered frequently or consistently in primary care. Addressing barriers to delivery through system-level changes and training programmes could improve and increase the advice given. Understanding when patients are receptive to PA interventions could enhance health professionals’ confidence in their delivery.
Reacciones medicamentosas severas: Síndrome Stevens Johnson y síndrome DRESS
Authors: Torres Mauricio , Olmos Édgar 
Published: November 2021

Propósito: revisar y actualizar el síndrome de Steven-Johnson y el síndrome DRESS, que a pesar
de no ser las reacciones medicamentosas más frecuentes, sí constituyen las más severas.
Fuente de datos: Realizamos una revisión sistemática de la literatura médica, expuesta en las
bases de datos: Pubmed, Medline y Cochrane.
Selección de estudios: limitamos la búsqueda a artículos de revisión de literatura, guías de manejo
y metaanálisis, publicados en inglés y español, sin límite en edad o sexo, utilizando términos
MESH: Stevens-Johnson syndrome, DRESS syndrome. Los acoplamos a términos como assessment,
associations, update y review.
Extracción de datos y resultados: realizamos una lectura inicial de 338 trabajos, encontrando
que varios de las referencias eran citadas en otros trabajos, por lo que seleccionamos 10 artículos y
con base en estos realizamos la lectura crítica, clasificación y ordenamiento, para luego proceder a
la redacción del texto.
Conclusiones: hemos revisado dos importantes reacciones medicamentosas, entidades con un
espectro clínico y etiopatogénico muy distinto, y numerosas asociaciones medicamentosas, sobre
las que no existen realmente concensos globales de tratamiento, pero en la que todos los autores
revisados coinciden en la suspensión de los medicamentos, como primera línea de tratamiento