bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AN ADAPTED METHOD FOR DESIGN PROCESS CAPTURING TO MEET THE CHALLENGES OF DIGITAL PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Gerschütz Benjamin , Spießl Bettina Vanessa Martina , Benjamin Schleich , Wartzack Sandro 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn our modern, interconnected and globalized world, design is in motion, to adapt to new situations. But successful Design in Motion must be based on Processes in Motion. For a target-oriented adaptation of the processes to the new, challenging conditions, the as-is procedures must be captured and analysed. For this analysis, established capturing procedures from production or administration cannot be used due to some special features of design processes and workflows, which will be discussed in this contribution. To compensate for the weaknesses of existing methods, we propose an adapted method for holistic design process capturing. With the procedure, we want to enable an economic process analysis, which is crucial for small and medium-size companies in particular. To give an insight into the practical application of the method, we exemplarily analyse the process of a shaft construction and FEM-evaluation by two different employees. Based on this analysis and to verify the relevance of the presented approach, an evaluation with respect to the requirements is done.
AN APPROACH TO ENHANCE PRODUCT UNIVERSALITY USING VAGUE NUMBERS DURING INITIAL DESIGN PHASE
Authors: Singh Ravindra , Tandon Puneet 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUniversal design facilitates all user, a convenient interaction with the environment, product and services without the need for any adaptation and specialized designs. Recent studies have shown that designers and manufacturers are focusing only on a limited group of users during product development. Current design process or methodology cannot cater to all set of users i.e. Fully Abled People (FAP), Specially Abled People (SAP), and Differently Abled People (DAP) due to complexity in need interpretation. Identification and extraction of needs of diverse user set is a complex problem. Generally, information gathered from the users is linguistic in nature and comprises of uncertainties and ambiguities, which hamper conversion of users’ requirements into product attributes to deliver universal solutions. The aim of this work is to eliminate these uncertainties and extract the actual needs of all users. This work proposes the integration of Universal Product Design model with generic design process to improve universal product design practice. Linguistic preferences of the users are captured and converted into vague numbers to identify the important product attributes and provides a systematic framework of need prioritization.
EXAMINING THE QUALITY OF KNOWLEDGE TRANSFERS – THE DRAFT OF AN EMPIRICAL RESEARCH
Authors: Grum Marcus , Klippert Monika , Albers Albert , Gronau Norbert , Thim Christof 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAlready successfully used products or designs, past projects or our own experiences can be the basis for the development of new products. As reference products or existing knowledge, it is reused in the development process and across generations of products. Since further, products are developed in cooperation, the development of new product generations is characterized by knowledge-intensive processes in which information and knowledge are exchanged between different kinds of knowledge carriers. The particular knowledge transfer here describes the identification of knowledge, its transmission from the knowledge carrier to the knowledge receiver, and its application by the knowledge receiver, which includes embodied knowledge of physical products. Initial empirical findings of the quantitative effects regarding the speed of knowledge transfers already have been examined. However, the factors influencing the quality of knowledge transfer to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of knowledge transfer in product development have not yet been examined empirically. Therefore, this paper prepares an experimental setting for the empirical investigation of the quality of knowledge transfers.
EXAMINING THE USER EXPERIENCE OF LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT TOOLS AND THEIR ABILITY TO CATER TO ECODESIGN IN EARLY-STAGE PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PRACTICE
Authors: Chatty Tejaswini , Qu Yingkun , Ba-Sabaa Hana H. , Murnane Elizabeth L. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWith the topic of sustainability steadily gaining importance and public awareness, there is growing consensus about the need to incorporate environmental considerations in early stage product development (PD). This makes it imperative for PD practitioners to have access to methods and tools, including life cycle assessment (LCA), that support sustainability integration. This paper evaluates existing LCA tools on their ability to cater to the early-stage PD context, by having users apply the tools in practice and exploring their experiences. We find that the challenges to applying LCA in this context emanate primarily from the shortcomings of the tools themselves. Our evaluation metrics for tool critique are derived from a thematic analysis of user interviews we conducted, refined according to information and interaction design principles from human-computer interaction (HCI). This unique approach helps triangulate insights from users with literature, to produce design recommendations for the development of novel LCA tools tailored to the early PD context.
EXPERIENCES OF DESIGN AT HACKATHONS: INITIAL FINDINGS FROM AN INTERVIEW STUDY
Authors: Flus Meagan , Hurst Ada 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHackathons are short design events at which participants collaboratively progress through the entire design process. They pose opportunities for design research, but the existing research is limited, as is the understanding of design activity at hackathons. In our study, we summarize the hackathon design process of 10 interview participants from varying disciplines, levels of experience, and hackathon events. The summarized account reveals a decreased emphasis on the beginning phases of the design process, mainly problem definition, but an increased emphasis on the end, specifically the pitch portion of the event. These differences are mainly due to the limited time frame. We further assess the effect of time limitations at hackathons by comparing hackathons to other instances of design, emphasizing the impact of time constraints on iteration. We conclude our discussion with an exploration of the role expertise has on the design process by comparing the accounts of designers and developers.
EXPLORATORY RESEARCH ON CULTURAL COMPUTING FOR HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION. THE CASE OF SUSTAINABILITY.
Authors: Grimal Lou , di Loreto Inès , Troussier Nadège 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe digital transition refers to the fact that information technology (IT) tools are used in all our activities on a daily basis. In this article, we will study the use of IT tools in engineering activities. It is possible to say that today IT tools accompany engineers in their professional practices. This presence of computing has also enabled the development and considerable changes in human-technologies interactions. Moreover, the socio-economic context has evolved considerably, and environmental issues have taken on an important role in engineering. We ask whether and to what extent these two contexts (digital and ecological) have changed the expectations of design professionals with regard to IT tools. Should the way of addressing the type of human-machine interaction in engineering tools be modified in depth? The objective of this paper is to understand what types of human-computer interaction would allow a more satisfying user experience for those future engineers who are using new technologies and marked by the ecological urgency. To do so, we will focus on a particular engineering context (design for sustainability) and a particular engineering practice (LCA practice).
EXTRACTING DESIGN RECOMMENDATIONS FROM INTERACTIVE GENETIC ALGORITHM EXPERIMENTS: APPLICATION TO THE DESIGN OF SOUNDS FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES
Authors: Souaille Tom , Petiot Jean-François , Lagrange Mathieu , Misdariis Nicolas 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe integration of users' perception in the design process is and important challenge for the optimization of products. This study describes how design recommendations can be drawn, from a perceptual experiment with a panel of subjects using a multi-objective interactive genetic algorithm (IGA). The application concerns the bi-objective optimization of the unpleasantness and the detectability of sounds for electric vehicles (EV). After a description of the experimental protocol for the assessment of the detectability and the unpleasantness of EV sounds (listening test), a set of optimal sounds (Pareto efficient) is defined with an IGA experiment. The analysis of these sounds, based on a probabilistic analysis of the selection process, leads to the definition of design recommendations. A second listening test, involving recommended sounds but also other design proposals, allows an evaluation of the validity of the approach. Results show that the sounds recommended obtain interesting performance, in particular to improve the detectability of EV sounds.
AN AUTOMATED METHOD TO CONDUCT IMPORTANCE-PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF PRODUCT ATTRIBUTES FROM ONLINE REVIEWS - AN EXTENSION WITH A CASE STUDY
Authors: Lin Kangcheng , Kim Harrison 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWith the growth of online marketplaces and social media, product designers have been seeing an exponential growth of data available, which can serve as an extremely valuable source of information communicated from customers without geographical limitations. The data will reveal customers’ preferences, which can be expensive and slow to obtain via traditional methods such as survey and questionnaires. While existing methods in the literature have been proposed to extract product information and make inference from online data, they have limitations, especially in providing reliable results and in dealing with data sparsity. Therefore, this paper proposes a method to conduct an Important-performance analysis from online reviews. The major steps of this method involve using latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) to identify product attributes, using IBM Watson Natural Language Understanding tool to perform aspect-based sentiment analysis, and using XGBoost model to infer product attribute importance from the collected dataset. In our case study, we have collected over 150,000 text reviews of more than 3,000 laptops from Amazon.
GAMIFICATION AND NUDGING TECHNIQUES FOR IMPROVING USER ENGAGEMENT IN MENTAL HEALTH AND WELL-BEING APPS
Authors: Auf Hassan , Dagman Jessica , Renström Sara , Chaplin John 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn the last decades, mental health disorders have been a growing source of the global burden of disease. Thousands of mental health apps are available nowadays addressing this problem, but studies show that the effectiveness of these apps is jeopardized by the low user engagement.This study investigates the most potentially effective gamification and nudging techniques in design for improving engagement in mental health apps for young people, by carrying out app-reviews for top installed mental health apps on Google play store and connecting it with engagement data, in addition to conducting expert-interviews with professionals from gamification and design background.From the findings, techniques that participated in improving retention rates included using app character for creating app narrative and user interaction, in addition to adopting a non-forcible language. While to improve app daily duration of use, simplification nudge, and stating the recommended minutes of use found to be useful. Personalization and social interaction techniques were potentially effective for improving the frequency of app daily use. For the young age group, using juicy feedback and high-quality gamification were recommended
INTRODUCING A FRAMEWORK TO GENERATE AND EVALUATE THE COST EFFECTS OF PRODUCT (FAMILY) CONCEPTS
Authors: Mertens Kai G. , Schmidt Mark , Yildiz Tugba , Meyer Matthias 
Published: August 2021

AbstractProduct concept generation and evaluation are critical for the success of new product developments (NPD) because managers need to select the most profitable product concepts. However, current approaches can be restricted to single products and do not cover product families' effects. Similarly, they do not necessarily capture all requirements and usually lack extensive cost analyses. Thus, this paper proposes a framework supporting product concept generation and evaluation by providing an accessible conceptualization to overcome the limitations. Using the so-called Extended Axiomatic Design (EAD) supports designers and managers to configure the requirements across product concepts' various domains while concurrently evaluating their economic consequences. The study applies the framework on a simplified case of a bottle manufacturer to conceptualize four product concepts. The case illustrates how the EAD can be used as a virtual testbed to generate and evaluate new product concepts. Finally, designers and managers can make more informed decisions about product concepts by considering their economic and engineering selection criteria to select the most profitable NPD project configuration.
INVESTIGATING PERCEIVED MEANINGS AND SCOPES OF DESIGN FOR ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
Authors: Berni Aurora , Borgianni Yuri , Obi Martins , Pradel Patrick , Bibb Richard 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe concept of Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM) is gaining popularity along with AM, despite its scopes are not well established. In particular, in the last few years, DfAM methods have been intuitively subdivided into opportunistic and restrictive. This distinction is gaining traction despite a lack of formalization. In this context, the paper investigates experts' understanding of DfAM. In particular, the authors have targeted educators, as the perception of DfAM scopes in the future will likely depend on teachers' view. A bespoke survey has been launched, which has been answer by 100 worldwide-distributed respondents. The gathered data has undergone several analyses, markedly answers to open questions asking for individual definitions of DfAM, and evaluations of the pertinence of meanings and acceptations from the literature. The results show that the main DfAM aspects focused on by first standardization attempts have been targeted, especially products, processes, opportunities and constraints. Beyond opportunistic and restrictive nuances, DfAM different understandings are characterized by different extents of cognitive endeavor, convergence vs. divergence in the design process, theoretical vs. hands on approaches.
MAINTAINING CONSISTENCY ACROSS DESIGN DESCRIPTIONS IN ENGINEERING PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
Authors: McKay Alison , Rice Hugh P. , Chau Hau Hing , de Pennington Alan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe success of engineering product development depends on the effective communication of design descriptions in formats that suit the needs and capabilities of all stakeholders involved in the delivery to market and through-life support of products. Configuration management is a core design process to ensure the consistency of the technical data package, i.e., the collection of design descriptions needed to support the development, manufacture and operation of a given product. Bills of Materials (BoMs) are critical parts of the technical data package because they act as integrators: adapting detailed design descriptions to suit the needs of particular downstream processes. The ability to reconfigure BoMs while maintaining internal consistency of the technical data package (where all BoM configurations are complete and compatible with each other) is a major challenge. In this paper, we introduce research exploring computational tools that could support engineers in manipulating BoMs while also maintaining the internal consistency of the technical data package.
MATERIAL SELECTION AS COOPERATIVE PROCESS: A FRAMEWORK PROPOSAL FOR A CHANGING ECONOMY
Authors: Papile Flavia , Del Curto Barbara , Coccia Andrea 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn current era of Anthropocene, human activities and their consequences on Earth ecosystems are under the lens of scientific research. Researchers in every field of study are trying to find alternatives to promote sustainable development. So it is for design, where researchers exploiting the problem-framing and problem-solving nature of the design discipline itself, trying to find new methodologies and tools to enhance sustainable development.One of the most important tasks in the design for a sustainable production is focused on material selection. In this paper, authors will present a reflection upon material selection methods and an overview of existing material repositories. Traditionally, material selection is usually attributed to designers or technical professionals but nowadays information concurring in materials selection became a complex task to manage. Therefore, authors propose a case study concerning information management upon materials and their selection presented in a new possible approach: material selection as a collaborative task between several departments of an industrial company, to promote an aware information management activity upon materials.
METHOD TO DEFINE MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY FOR DESIGN SPACE EXPLORATION IN ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
Authors: Cazaubon Valentine , Abi Akle Audrey , Fischer Xavier 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAdditive manufacturing is a process used for quick prototyping in industries. Geometrical defects are observed on printed parts. The aim of the paper is to propose a design method to implement measurements uncertainties into a Design Space for Additive Manufacturing parameters selection. To do so, two tests have been realized. The first test consists in determining the instrument’s uncertainty by measuring a standard length several times by an operator. The second test aim to determine the uncertainty within operators mesurement of geometric outputs (clad’s height, clad’s width, dilution’s height, dilution’s width and contact angle). Based on the results of our tests, uncertainties have been applied in our Design Space populated with 31 real printed clads. The uncertainties display with error bars on scatterplots allow to capitalize the knowledge for his/her exploration of the Design Space for future prints. The given information provides to ease the engineer to select the optimal solution (laser power, tool speed and wire feed speed) for his/her given Additive Manufacturing problematic among candidate points
NEED FOR ACTION FOR A COMPANY-WIDE INTRODUCTION OF SYSTEMS ENGINEERING IN MACHINERY AND PLANT ENGINEERING
Authors: Wilke Daria , Schierbaum Anja , Kaiser Lydia , Dumitrescu Roman 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMachinery and plant engineering in Germany is characterized by small and medium-sized enterprises. The so-called backbone of German industry is in transition towards Industry 4.0, with systems becoming more complex and the development task becoming an interdisciplinary task. Systems Engineering is a proven approach to realize these systems. Projects with SE approaches were accompanied and potentials of SE were structured. In this paper, we discuss the need for action for the company-wide introduction and present a solution concept.
NEW DESIGN FOR INSTALLATION (DFI) METHODOLOGY FOR LARGE SIZE AND LONG LIFE CYCLE PRODUCTS: APPLICATION TO AN ELEVATOR
Authors: Retolaza Iban , Zulaika Izaro , Remirez Adrian , Cabello Mario Javier , Campos Mikel Alberto , Ramos Ainara 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper presents a new design methodology for improving the installation of large size and long life cycle goods that need to be assembled in the field. The approach integrates a modified design for assembly (DfA) methodology. A new approach is proposed for integrating different DfA methodologies and tested in a real case study of a machine room-less (MRL) elevator. A tool for analyzing and quantifying the proposed solutions is developed. Improvements of approximately 20 pp are achieved during the elevator installation and on-site assembly process, which could mean a potential reduction in assembly time of 11 h or 6%. Additional extensions and guidelines are recommended to improve the methodology and the tool.
NODAL COSINE SINE MATERIAL INTERPOLATION IN MULTI OBJECTIVE TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION WITH THE GLOBAL CRITERIA METHOD FOR LINEAR ELASTO STATIC, HEAT TRANSFER, POTENTIAL FLOW AND BINARY CROSS ENTROPY SHARPENING
Authors: Denk Martin , Rother Klemens , Zinßer Mario , Petroll Christoph , Paetzold Kristin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTopology optimization is typically used for suitable design suggestions for objectives like mean compliance, mean temperature, or model analysis. Some modern modeling technics in topology optimization require a nodal based material interpolation. Therefore this article is referred to a continuous material interpolation in topology optimization. To cover a smooth and differentiable density field, we address trigonometric shape functions which are infinitely differentiable. Furthermore, we extend a so-known global criteria method with a sharpening function based on binary cross-entropy, so that sharper solutions results. The proposed material interpolation is applied to different applications such as heat transfer, elasto static, and potential flow. Furthermore, these different objectives are together optimized using a multi-objective criterion.
OPERATIONAL EXCELLENCE FOR SYSTEMS ENGINEERING (OESE): STATE OF ART
Authors: Kokolo Joseph , Eynard Benoit 
Published: August 2021

AbstractOperational Excellence (EO) is increasingly present in scientific and managerial news. Increasing competition, increasingly uncertain events, demands customers and society increasingly pressing, the evolution of systems towards cyber physics systems, push organizations to adapt their engineering methodologies. Excellence operational (EO) is one of the answers proposed by the scientific literature to make engineering organizations more flexible, more responsive, more efficient and therefore more competitive. In this article, we share a state of the art of operational excellence (EO) in system engineering (IS) through its most modern methodologies: the Lean Six Sigma (LSS), Theory of Constraints (TOC) and Agility (A) with an operational approach including social and societal responsibility via the Quality-Cost-Delay-Security-Environment (QCDSE). We finish by sharing four assumptions that will serve as a basis, in our future contribution, to propose a synergy solution to implement an Operational Excellence approach in systems engineering organizations.
ORGANIZATION DESIGN IN MOTION: DESIGNING AN ORGANIZATION FOR AGILITY
Authors: Shafiee Kristensen Saeedeh , Shafiee Mitra , Shafiee Sara 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIncreasingly competitive and multifaceted business landscapes and the accelerating pace of innovation require organizations to build in-house capability to evaluate the effectiveness of their design and redesign their organizational structure to drive agile product development. The purpose of this research is to examine how the ability of an organization to implement agile is affected by the organization design. A case study based on 35 semi-structured interviews and field observations at a leading, large-size, Danish software development company was carried out. Adopting the contingency perspective, this paper presents the relevant organizational elements that can increase organizational agility and how the companies can leverage the advantages of the design. Accordingly, it provides a framework that compromises eighteen core organizational practices grouped into four categories (organizational structure and governance, culture and people, IT tools and data infrastructure, and processes) to understand the effect of organization design on agile product development.