bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adiponectin gene polymorphisms and risk of type 2 diabetes: an updated evidence for meta-analysis
Authors: Alimi Mahrokh , Goodarzi Mohammad Taghi , Nekoei Mehdi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Growing body of evidence suggest the association between SNP − 11377 C > G and SNP + 276 G > T polymorphisms of adiponectin gene with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, these findings have not been conclusive and consistent. The present study quantitatively evaluates the data on the association between DIPOQ − 11377C/G, and + 276G/T polymorphisms and risk of T2D through a meta-analysis.

Methods
A systematic search was performed in the PubMed, Web of science, Scopus and Cochrane library databases to extract published studies according to the inclusion criteria. Among the 741 studies, 391 of them were screened as full text and 31 studies were finally included in the meta-analysis. Analysis of data was performed using random-effects model. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to analyze the strength of association. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed to identify the potential source of heterogeneity.

Results
The pooled analysis showed that there was no statistically significant association between genotypes of CC (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.53–1.09, P = 0.14), CG (OR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.72–1.20, P = 0.58) and GG (OR = 1, 95% CI: 0.80–1.26, P = 0.94) ADIPO − 11377 polymorphism with increased risk of T2D. In addition, the results revealed a trend toward an increased risk of T2D for the SNP + 276 TT genotype (OR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.77–0.98, P = 0.026) as compared with the GT and GG genotypes. Subgroup analysis by ethnicity indicated significant association between the TT genotype of the SNP + 276 and increased risk of T2D among Europeans. Met-regression demonstrated significant association between the GT genotype of + 276 polymorphism with risk of T2D in male individuals (slope: 0.0006; 95% CI: 0.0002–0.0009; P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Collectively, our findings demonstrated a positive association between ADIPOQ + 276 G > T polymorphism with increased risk of T2D in male individuals with European ethnicity.

Graphical Abstract
Documenting elimination of co-circulating COVID-19 clusters using genomics in New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Arnott Alicia , Draper Jenny , Rockett Rebecca J. , Lam Connie , Sadsad Rosemarie , Gall Mailie , Martinez Elena , Byun Roy , Musto Jennie , Marais Ben , Chen Sharon C.-A. , Kok Jen , Dwyer Dominic E. , Sintchenko Vitali 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective
To adapt ‘fishplots’ to describe real-time evolution of SARS-CoV-2 genomic clusters.

Results
This novel analysis adapted the fishplot to depict the size and duration of circulating genomic clusters over time in New South Wales, Australia. It illuminated the effectiveness of interventions on the emergence, spread and eventual elimination of clusters and distilled genomic data into clear information to inform public health action.
On global classical solutions to one-dimensional compressible Navier–Stokes/Allen–Cahn system with density-dependent viscosity and vacuum
Authors: Su Menglong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this paper, by using the energy estimates, the structure of the equations, and the properties of one dimension, we establish the global existence and uniqueness of strong and classical solutions to the initial boundary value problem of compressible Navier–Stokes/Allen–Cahn system in one-dimensional bounded domain with the viscosity depending on density. Here, we emphasize that the time does not need to be bounded and the initial vacuum is still permitted. Furthermore, we also show the large time behavior of the velocity.
Effect of a novel piperazine compound on cancer cells
Authors: Jeon So Hyun , Shin Cha-Gyun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMany drugs have been developed for anticancer chemotherapy. However, more anti-cancer drugs should be developed from potential chemicals to circumvent the disadvantages of existing drugs. Most anti-cancer chemicals induce apoptosis in cancer cells. This study tested the efficiency of a new chemical, the piperazine derivative 1-[2-(Allylthio) benzoyl]-4-(4-methoxyphenyl) piperazine (CB01), on glioblastoma (U87) and cervix cancer (HeLa) cells. CB01 was highly cytotoxic to these cells (IC50S  < 50 nM) and induced the traditional apoptotic symptoms of DNA fragmentation and nuclear condensation at 40 nM. Western-blot analysis of the cell lysates revealed that the intracellular apoptotic marker proteins, such as cleaved caspase-3, cytochrome c, and Bax, were highly upregulated in the CB01-treated cells. Furthermore, increased activities of caspase-3 and -9, but not caspase-8, were observed. Therefore, these results suggest that CB01 can act as an anticancer chemotherapeutic by stimulating the intrinsic mitochondrial signaling pathway to induce cytotoxicity and apoptosis in cancer cells.
Association of vitamin D status and cardio-metabolic risk factors in children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-V study
Authors: Qorbani Mostafa , Heidari-Beni Motahar , Ejtahed Hanieh-Sadat , Shafiee Gita , Goodarzi Farid , Tamehri Zadeh Seyed Saeed , Khademian Majid , Mohammadian Khonsari Nami , Motlagh Mohammad Esmaeil , Asayesh Hamid , Jabbari Mohammad , Heshmat Ramin , Ebrahimi Mehdi , Kelishadi Roya 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) starts from early life and is one of the important underlying factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in adulthood. Controversial evidence exists on the role of vitamin D deficiency in increasing the risk of pediatric MetS.

Objective
This study aimed to assess the relationship between vitamin D level with MetS and its components in children and adolescents.

Methods
This nationwide cross-sectional study was performed as part of a surveillance program in Iran. Participants were 2596 students, aged 7 to 18 years, living in 30 provinces. In addition to filling questionnaires, a physical examination was conducted, and blood samples were collected. The serum concentration of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured using the direct competitive immunoassay chemiluminescence method.

Results
2596 students with a mean age of 12.2 y (55.1% boys) were recruited. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in participants was 10.6% (n = 276), and 60.5% (n = 1570), respectively. The prevalence of MetS was higher in the vitamin D deficient group. Students with deficient vitamin D levels had higher odds of MetS (OR: 4.25, 95%CI: 2.26–7.98), abdominal obesity (OR: 2.24, 95%CI: 1.61–3.12), low HDL-C (OR: 1.65, 95%CI: 1.18–2.30) and high fasting blood sugar (OR: 2.56, 95%CI: 1.43–4.57) in comparison to those with sufficient level of vitamin D.

Conclusion
Vitamin D deficiency was associated with increased odds of MetS and its components in the Iranian pediatric population. These findings underscore the importance of prevention and control of vitamin D deficiency in preventative programs against NCDs.
ReIMAGINE: a prostate cancer research consortium with added value through its patient and public involvement and engagement
Authors: Green S. , Tuck S. , Long J. , Green T. , Green A. , Ellis P. , Haire A. , Moss C. , Cahill F. , McCartan N. , Brown L. , Santaolalla A. , Marsden T. , Justo M. Rodriquez , Hadley J. , Punwani S. , Attard G. , Ahmed H. , Moore C. M. , Emberton M. , Van Hemelrijck M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
ReIMAGINE aims to improve the current prostate specific antigen (PSA)/biopsy risk stratification for prostate cancer (PCa) and develop a new image-based method (with biomarkers) for diagnosing high/low risk PCa in men. ReIMAGINE’s varied patient and public involvement (PPI) and engagement (PE) strategy maximises the impact of its scientific output by informing and shaping the different stages of research.

Aims
Through including the voice of patients and the public, the ReIMAGINE Consortium aims to translate these different perspectives into the design and implementation process. This will improve the overall quality of the research by:

reflecting the needs and priorities of patients and the public, ensuring methods and procedures are feasible and appropriate

ensuring information is relevant and accessible to those being recruited to the study

identifying dissemination channels relevant to patients/the public and developing outputs that are accessible to a lay audience

With support from our patient/user groups, the ReIMAGINE Consortium aims to improve our ability to derive prognostic information and allocate men to the most appropriate and effective therapies, using a novel image-based risk stratification with investigation of non-imaging biomarkers.

Findings
We have been working with patients and the public from initiation of the project to ensure that the research is relevant to men and their families. Our PPI Sub-Committee, led by a PCa patient, has been involved in our dissemination strategy, outreach activities, and study design recommendations. For example, the sub-committee have developed a variety of informative videos relevant and accessible to those being recruited, and organised multiple online research engagement events that are accessible to a lay audience. As quoted by one of the study participants, “the more we present the benefits and opportunities to patients and the public, the more research commitment we obtain, and the sooner critical clinical questions such as PCa diagnostics will be addressed”.
University students experience the COVID-19 induced shift to remote instruction
Authors: Ives Bob 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic required an abrupt shift from face-to-face to online instruction for many students in higher education in the United States. Prior research has raised some concerns about both equitable access to online courses, and the quality of instruction in online courses compared to face-to-face courses. This survey study included a retrospective pretest approach to comparing students experiences before and after the transition to online instruction. The sample of 1731 students ranged across all available topics of study and all class standings from first-year students to doctoral students at a R1: Doctoral Universities—Very High Research Activity university according to the Carnegie classifications. Quality of instruction was addressed through the three principles of Universal Design for Learning. Students reported that most areas of quality of instruction were poorer after the transition, with having Engagement dropping by the largest effect size. However, Representation showed a small effect of improvement following the transition. Students who preferred online instruction reported less loss of instructional quality. Similarly, students eligible for disability services also reported less loss of instructional quality. Doctoral students reported significantly poorer access on multiple measures compared to all four years of undergraduate students’ standings. Results are discussed in terms of patterns, exceptions, effect sizes, and recommendations for future research.
Improving implementation of smoking cessation guidelines in pregnancy care: development of an intervention to address system, maternity service leader and clinician factors
Authors: Passey Megan E. , Adams Catherine , Paul Christine , Atkins Lou , Longman Jo M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of multiple serious adverse infant, child and maternal outcomes, yet nearly 10% of Australian women still smoke during pregnancy. Despite evidence-based guidelines that recommend routine and repeated smoking cessation support (SCS) for all pregnant women, the provision of recommended SCS remains poor. Guidance on developing complex interventions to improve health care recommends drawing on existing theories, reviewing evidence, undertaking primary data collection, attending to future real-world implementation and designing and refining interventions using iterative cycles with stakeholder input throughout. Here, we describe using the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) and the Theoretical Domains Framework to apply these principles in developing an intervention to improve the provision of SCS in Australian maternity services.

Methods
Working closely with key stakeholders in the New South Wales (NSW) health system, we applied the steps of the BCW method then undertook a small feasibility study in one service to further refine the intervention. Stakeholders were engaged in multiple ways—as a core research team member, through a project Advisory Group, targeted meetings with policymakers, a large workshop to review potential components and the feasibility study.

Results
Barriers to and enablers of providing SCS were identified in five of six components described in the BCW method (psychological capability, physical opportunity, social opportunity and reflective and automatic motivation). These were mapped to intervention types and we selected education, training, enablement, environmental restructuring, persuasion, incentivisation and modelling as suitable in our context. Through application of the APEASE criteria (Affordability, Practicability, Effectiveness, Acceptability, Side effects and Equity) in the stakeholder workshop, behaviour change techniques were selected and applied in developing the intervention which includes systems, clinician and leadership elements. The feasibility study confirmed the feasibility and acceptability of the midwifery component and the need to further strengthen the leadership component.

Conclusions
Using the BCW method combined with strong stakeholder engagement from inception resulted in transparent development of the MOHMQuit intervention, which targets identified barriers to and enablers of the provision of SCS and is developed specifically for the context in which it will be implemented. The intervention is being trialled in eight public maternity services in NSW.
A foreign body lodged in the sub-mental space through to the retro-pharyngeal area: a review of anatomical risks and surgical approaches
Authors: Cherrabi Kaoutar , Zaki Zouheir , El Alami Mohamed Noureddine 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Foreign body inclusions are rare in head and neck. They are challenging in regard to anatomical risks and surgical approaches. This is the case of a particular foreign body with a curious trajectory, associated with a brief review of anatomical risks and surgical approaches.

Case presentation
This is the case of a 25-year-old male who has been attacked with a sharp object, which caused an inclusion of a part of the foreign body in the sub-mental and pharyngeal areas.
The clinical exam showed a painful bulging in the sub-mental area, with moderately hemorrhagic sputum and difficulty while swallowing. The intra-oral exam showed a foreign body that was located at the right side of the base of the tongue, and which goes backwards and outwards to penetrate retro-pharyngeal mucosa.
The patients underwent an angio-CT scan, which showed a curious fine and sharp metallic object, without direct signs of lesions to the jugular vein or carotid artery or any collateral branches.
The patient underwent extraction through cervical approach, with satisfying bleeding control. Intra-oral exploration showed a retro-pharyngeal lesion of 2 cm, without particular bleeding. The cervical lesion and retro-pharyngeal lesions were closed. The lesion at the base of the tongue was of 1 cm, palpable but not accessible to sutures, and a naso-pharyngeal tube was inserted.
The patient presented very satisfying post-operative outcome, without any complications.

Conclusion
When dealing with foreign bodies of head and neck, physicians must be precocious and prepared for the risk of bleeding after extraction. Thorough radiological exploration is necessary as long as the patient is stable. Direct and indirect radiological signs allow the clinician to understand the nature and the trajectory of the object, as well as the damage to collateral structures.
International Migration and Modern Contraceptive Use: A Research Note on African Migrants to France
Authors: Behrman Julia A. , Eilers Michelle A. , Brooks Isabel H. McLoughlin , Weitzman Abigail 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This research note presents a multisited analysis of migration and contraceptive use by standardizing and integrating a sample of African migrants in France from six West and Central African countries in the Trajectoires et Origines survey with a sample of women living in the same six African countries in the Demographic and Health Surveys. Descriptive analyses indicate that the contraceptive use of migrants more closely aligns with that of native French women than with that of women from origin countries. In particular, migrants report dramatically higher use of long-acting reversible contraceptives and short-acting hormonal methods and lower use of traditional methods than do women in the countries of origin. Although migrants differ from women in the countries of origin on observed characteristics, including education and family background, reweighting women in the origin countries to resemble migrants on these characteristics does little to explain differences in contraceptive use between the groups. Given that contraceptive use is an important proximate determinant of fertility, our results suggest that contraceptive use should feature more prominently in the dominant demographic paradigms of migrant fertility.
The Epidemic of Despair and Infant Mortality: A Research Note
Authors: Forsstrom Matthew P. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis research note documents that progress against infant mortality in the United States has stalled in the twenty-first century among infants born to White non-Hispanic women without a bachelor's degree. In contrast, the mortality rate fell considerably among infants born to White non-Hispanic women with a bachelor's degree, Black non-Hispanic women across levels of education, and Hispanic women with a bachelor's degree. The decline in infant mortality for Hispanic women without a bachelor's degree was small, but still greater than the decline for White non-Hispanic women without a bachelor's after adjusting for changes in the distribution of maternal age within groups. I also document a marked difference in trends for sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) rates by maternal education. The SUID rate increased among those born to women without a bachelor's degree across racial and ethnic groups, while declining or staying constant for those born to women with a bachelor's degree. The lack of progress against infant mortality for White non-Hispanic women without a bachelor's degree was driven by a relatively large increase in SUID rates, coupled with relatively slow progress against other types of infant mortality.
Temperature-induced reorganisation of Schistocephalus solidus (Cestoda) proteome during the transition to the warm-blooded host
Authors: Borvinskaya Ekaterina V. , Kochneva Albina A. , Drozdova Polina B. , Balan Olga V. , Zgoda Victor G. 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
The protein composition of the cestode Schistocephalus solidus was measured in an experiment simulating the trophic transmission of the parasite from a cold-blooded to a warm-blooded host. The first hour of host colonisation was studied in a model experiment, in which sticklebacks Gasterosteus aculeatus infected with S. solidus were heated at 40°C for 1 h. As a result, a decrease in the content of one tegument protein was detected in the plerocercoids of S. solidus. Sexual maturation of the parasites was initiated in an experiment where S. solidus larvae were taken from fish and cultured in vitro at 40°C for 48 h. Temperature-independent changes in the parasite proteome were investigated by incubating plerocercoids at 22°C for 48 h in culture medium. Analysis of the proteome allowed us to distinguish the temperature-induced genes of S. solidus, as well as to specify the molecular markers of the plerocercoid and adult worms. The main conclusion of the study is that the key enzymes of long-term metabolic changes (glycogen consumption, protein production, etc.) in parasites during colonisation of a warm-blooded host are induced by temperature.
Responsibilities and Interests of Pediatricians Practicing Hospital Medicine in the United States
Authors: Leyenaar JoAnna K , Harrison Wade , Truelove Jessica J , House Samantha , Freed Gary L , Leslie Laurel K 
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESIn 2016, the American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS) approved pediatric hospital medicine (PHM) as the newest pediatric subspecialty. To characterize development of the field, this article aims to: (1) describe the responsibilities and practice settings of US pediatricians self‐identifying as hospitalists; and (2) determine how exclusive PHM practice, compared with PHM practice in combination with general or subspecialty care, was associated with professional development interests.METHODSPediatricians enrolling in the 2017‐2018 American Board of Pediatrics (ABP) Maintenance of Certification program were offered a voluntary survey about their responsibilities, interests, and practice settings. Logistic regression was employed to characterize associations between exclusive PHM practice and: (1) interest in quality improvement (QI) leadership; (2) intention to take the PHM certifying exam; (3) satisfaction with allocation of professional time; and (4) intention to maintain more than one ABP certification.RESULTSThe survey response rate was 70.0%; 1662 (13.1%) self‐reported PHM practice. Four‐hundred ninety‐one (29.5%) practiced PHM exclusively, 518 (31.1%) practiced PHM and general pediatrics, and 653 (39.3%) practiced PHM and one or more subspecialties. Respondents reporting exclusive PHM practice were significantly more likely to report interest in QI leadership or consultation (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.39; 95% CI, 1.09‐1.79), PHM exam certification (adjusted OR, 7.10; 95% CI, 5.45‐9.25), and maintenance of more than one ABP certification (adjusted OR, 2.64; 95% CI, 1.89‐3.68).CONCLUSIONSHospitalists reported diverse clinical and nonclinical responsibilities. Those practicing PHM exclusively expressed high levels of interest in board certification and QI leadership. Ongoing monitoring of PHM responsibilities and practice settings will be important to support the professional development of the PHM workforce.
Bargaining at Retail Stores: Evidence from Vienna
Authors: Shelegia Sandro , Sherman Joshua 
Published: November 2021

In the West, where posted prices are the norm, it is uncommon to observe consumers receive discounts below the posted price. Nevertheless, we find that when stores are asked, a discount is granted approximately 40% of the time, with a median discount percentage of 10%. Discounts are more likely to be offered by small-scale firms, for higher-priced products, and for nonsale items. More generally, differences in price delegation behavior across firm types serve as an indicator that monitoring costs and employee skills are important drivers of bargaining behavior. This paper was accepted by Duncan Simester, marketing