bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative assessment and influence factors of facial wrinkle situation in male construction workers in Beijing
Authors: Ye Zhen‐Zhen , Qin Yao , Chang Xiao‐Dan , Dai Shan , Li Chun‐Ting , Song Qing‐Hua 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate current situation of facial wrinkles of male construction workers in Beijing area and to discuss the correlative factors.Materials and MethodsA total of 149 male construction works and 63 male non‐construction workers in Beijing were required to complete a questionnaire on their exposure to sunlight, dust, noise, and heat in their workplace environment. Their facial wrinkle scores were measured by VISIA Complexion Analysis System. The two‐sample t test, chi‐square test, and multiple linear regression were used for statistical analysisResultsThe exposure to sunlight, dust, noise, and heat of construction workers was significantly higher than that of non‐construction workers (P < .01). The wrinkle score of construction workers between 20 and 29 years old was significantly higher than that of non‐construction workers (t = 4.077, P < .01). The facial wrinkle score of construction workers(r = 0.657, P < .01) and non‐construction workers (r = 0.681, P < .01) was both positively correlated with age. The wrinkle score of construction workers was related to age, sunlight, and noise(P < .01).ConclusionThe wrinkle score of male construction workers between 20 and 29 years old is significantly higher than that of non‐construction workers in Beijing. Age, sunlight, and noise were the main influencing factors of wrinkle.
A survey of US hospitals on platelet inventory management, transfusion practice, and platelet availability
Authors: Pandey Suchitra , Belanger Geoffrey A. , Rajbhandary Srijana , Cohn Claudia S. , Benjamin Richard J. , Bracey Arthur W. , Katz Louis M. , Menitove Jay E. , Mintz Paul D. , Gammon Richard R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundA survey of US hospitals was conducted to increase our understanding of the current state of platelet (PLT) practice and supply. The survey captures information on transfusion practice and inventory management, including stock levels, outdate rates, ability to return or transfer PLTs, and low dose PLTs. Notably, the survey also elucidates PLT availability challenges and impact to patient care.Study design and methodsA 27 question online survey was distributed directly to over 995 US hospitals and indirectly through blood centers to many more between September 27 and October 25, 2019. Descriptive statistics were used for respondent characteristics. Bivariate analysis was performed and correlation coefficients, chi square tests, and p values determined statistical significance of relationships between variables.ResultsFour hundred and eighty‐one hospitals completed the survey of which 21.6%, 53.2%, and 25.2% were characterized as small, medium, and large hospitals, respectively. Some key observations from this survey include: (1) there is an opportunity for greater adherence to evidence‐based guidelines; (2) higher outdate rates occur in hospitals stocking less than five PLTs and the ability to return or transfer PLTs lowers outdates; (3) use of low dose apheresis PLTs varies; and (4) decreased PLT availability is commonly reported, especially in hospitals with high usage, and can lead to delays in transfusions or surgeries.ConclusionThis survey represents a comprehensive national assessment of inventory management practices and PLT availability challenges in US hospitals. Findings from this survey can be used to guide further research, help shape future guidance for industry, and assist with policy decisions.
Human models for COVID‐19 research
Authors: Woodall Maximillian N. J. , Masonou Tereza , Case Katie‐Marie , Smith Claire M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCurrently, therapeutics for COVID‐19 are limited. To overcome this, it is important that we use physiologically relevant models to reproduce the pathology of infection and evaluate the efficacy of antiviral drugs. Models of airway infection, including the use of a human infection challenge model or well‐defined, disease relevant in vitro systems can help determine the key components that perpetuate the severity of the disease. Here, we briefly review the human models that are currently being used in COVID‐19 research and drug development
image.
Predicting Nugget Size of Resistance Spot Welds Using Infrared Thermal Videos With Image Segmentation and Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Guo Shenghan , Wang Dali , Chen Jian , Feng Zhili , Guo Weihong “Grace” 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Resistance spot welding (RSW) is a widely adopted joining technique in automotive industry. Recent advancement in sensing technology makes it possible to collect thermal videos of the weld nugget during RSW using an infrared (IR) camera. The effective and timely analysis of such thermal videos has the potential of enabling in situ nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of the weld nugget by predicting nugget thickness and diameter. Deep learning (DL) has demonstrated to be effective in analyzing imaging data in many applications. However, the thermal videos in RSW present unique data-level challenges that compromise the effectiveness of most pre-trained DL models. We propose a novel image segmentation method for handling the RSW thermal videos to improve the prediction performance of DL models in RSW. The proposed method transforms raw thermal videos into spatial-temporal instances in four steps: video-wise normalization, removal of uninformative images, watershed segmentation, and spatial-temporal instance construction. The extracted spatial-temporal instances serve as the input data for training a DL-based NDE model. The proposed method is able to extract high-quality data with spatial-temporal correlations in the thermal videos, while being robust to the impact of unknown surface emissivity. Our case studies demonstrate that the proposed method achieves better prediction of nugget thickness and diameter than predicting without the transformation.
A Multiple Regression Convolutional Neural Network for Estimating Multi-Parameters Based on Overall Data in the Inverse Heat Transfer Problem
Authors: Zhu Feiding , Chen Jincheng , Han Yuge 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The inverse heat transfer problem (IHTP) is a central task for estimating parameters in heat transfer. It is ill-posedness that is characterized by instability and non-uniqueness of the solution. Recently, novel algorithms using deep learning (DL) and neural networks have been applied to various sparse data in the IHTP. In order to overcome the optimization problem of input nodes under sparse data, we try to use the overall data of the target as the basis for inversion. In this work, we used a multiple regression convolutional neural network (MRCNN) to estimate multi-parameters in the IHTP. Computational fluid dynamics and DL are fused to provide datasets for training of the proposed model. The proposed model was verified by experiments with a cubic cavity. Additionally, the MRCNN model was used to predict the different parameters of the more complex armored vehicle model. The results showed that the model has good prediction accuracy for estimating multi-parameters on different datasets. These attempts of introducing convolutional neural network to the IHTP in the present study were successful and it was significant for the study of the IHTP of estimating multi-parameters.
Care bundles to reduce unplanned extubation in critically ill children: a systematic review, critical appraisal and meta-analysis
Authors: da Silva Paulo Sergio Lucas , Reis Maria Eunice , Farah Daniela , Andrade Teresa Raquel M , Fonseca Marcelo Cunio Machado 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveTo assess the current evidence for the efficacy of care bundles in reducing unplanned extubations (UEs) in critically ill children.DesignSystematic review according to the Cochrane guidelines and meta-analysis using random-effects modelling.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane and SciELO databases from inception until April 2021. We conducted a quality appraisal for each study using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and Standards for Quality Improvement Reporting Excellence (SQUIRE) V.2.0 checklist.Main outcomeThe primary outcome measure was UE rates per 100 intubation days.ResultsWe screened 10 091 records and finally included 11 studies. Six studies were pre/post-intervention studies, and five were interrupted time-series studies. The methodological quality was ‘good’ in 70%, and the remaining as ‘fair’ (30%). The most frequently used implementation strategies were staff education (100%), root cause analysis (100%), and audit and feedback (82%). Key bundle care components comprised identification of high-risk patients, endotracheal tube care and sedation protocol. Not all studies fully completed the SQUIRE V.2.0 checklist. Meta-analysis revealed a reduction in UE rate following the introduction of care bundles (rate ratio: 0.40 (95% CI: 0.19 to 0.84); p=0.02), which equates to a 60% reduction in UE rates.ConclusionsWe found that identifying high-risk patients, endotracheal tube care and protocol-directed sedation are core elements in care bundles for preventing UEs. However, there are several methodological gaps in the literature, including poor evaluation of adherence to bundle components. Future studies should address these gaps to strengthen their validity.
Safety of maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing in individuals with sickle cell disease: a systematic review
Authors: Smith Kellsey N , Baynard Tracy , Fischbach Peter S , Hankins Jane S , Hsu Lewis L , Murphy Peggy M , Ness Kiri K , Radom-Aizik Shlomit , Tang Amy , Liem Robert I 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveWe evaluated the safety of maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD). Maximal CPET using gas exchange analysis is the gold standard for measuring cardiopulmonary fitness in the laboratory, yet its safety in the SCD population is unclear.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesSystematic search of Medline (PubMed), EMBASE, Cochrane, ClinicalTrials.gov and professional society websites for all published studies and abstracts through December 2020.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesTwo reviewers independently extracted data of interest from studies that assessed safety outcomes of maximal CPET in children and adults with SCD. A modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess for risk of bias in studies included.ResultsIn total, 24 studies met inclusion/exclusion criteria. Adverse events were reported separately or as part of study results in 36 (3.8%) of 939 participants with SCD undergoing maximal CPET in studies included. Most adverse events were related to transient ischaemic changes on ECG monitoring or oxygen desaturation during testing, which did not result in arrhythmias or other complications. Only 4 (0.43%) of 939 participants experienced pain events due to maximal CPET.ConclusionMaximal CPET appears to be a safe testing modality in children and adults with SCD and can be used to better understand the physiological basis of reduced exercise capacity and guide exercise prescription in this population. Some studies did not focus on reporting adverse events related to exercise testing or failed to mention safety monitoring, which contributed to risk of bias.
Photopic negative response (PhNR) in the diagnosis and monitoring of raised intracranial pressure in children: a prospective cross-sectional and longitudinal protocol
Authors: Marmoy Oliver Rajesh , Hodson-Tole Emma , Thompson Dorothy Ann 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionRaised intracranial pressure (rICP) can be a consequence of a variety of neurological disorders. A significant complication of rICP is visual impairment, due to retinal ganglion cell (RGC) dysfunction. In children, subjective measurements to monitor this, such as visual field examination, are challenging. Therefore, objective measurements offer promising alternatives for monitoring these effects. The photopic negative response (PhNR) is a component of the flash electroretinogram produced by RGCs; the cells directly affected in rICP-related vision loss. This project aims to assess the clinical feasibility and diagnostic efficacy of the PhNR in detecting and monitoring paediatric rICP.Methods and analysisSection 1 is a cross-sectional study; group 1 young persons with disorders associated with rICP and a comparator group 2 of age-matched children without rICP. Both groups will undergo a PhNR recording alongside a series of structural and functional ophthalmic investigations, with the rICP group also having measurement of intracranial pressure.Section 2 is a longitudinal study of the relationship between the PhNR and directly recorded intracranial pressure measurements, through repeated measures. PhNR amplitudes and peak times will be assessed against optical coherence tomography parameters, mean deviation of visual fields, other electrophysiology and ICP measurement through regression analyses.Group differences between PhNR measurements in the rICP and control groups will be performed to determine clinically relevant cut-off values and calculation of diagnostic accuracy. Longitudinal analysis will assess PhNR amplitude against ICP measurements through regression analysis. Feasibility and efficacy will be measured through acceptability, practicality and sensitivity outcomes.Ethics and disseminationFavourable opinion from a research ethics committee has been received and the study approved by Manchester Metropolitan University, the Health Research Authority and the Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health (GOS-ICH) Research and Development office. This project is being undertaken as a doctoral award (ORM) with findings written for academic thesis submission, peer-reviewed journal and conference publications.
Effectiveness of high-intensity interval training for weight loss in adults with obesity: a randomised controlled non-inferiority trial
Authors: D'Amuri Andrea , Sanz Juana Maria , Capatti Eleonora , Di Vece Francesca , Vaccari Filippo , Lazzer Stefano , Zuliani Giovanni , Dalla Nora Edoardo , Passaro Angelina 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionObesity treatment guidelines suggest moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), but the patient’s compliance to this indication remains low. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a time sparing training mode whose metabolic effects are not clear. This study aimed to determine whether a 12-week HIIT was more effective than MICT for weight loss in obese adults.Methods44 obese subjects were randomised and trained with isoenergetic treadmill exercises for 12 weeks: MICT (60% of maximal oxygen peak, VO2peak) or HIIT (3–7 repetition of 3 min 100% of VO2peak interspersed by 1.5 min 50% of VO2peak). The primary outcome was a change in body weight; the secondary outcomes were changes in body composition, blood pressure, lipid profile, glycaemia, insulin and VO2peak.Results32 subjects (53% male, mean age: 38.5 years, mean body mass index: 35.5 kg/m2) completed the trial. MICT and HIIT showed comparable effect within groups in weight loss (−6.0 kg (−9.0 kg to −3.0 kg) vs −5.7 kg (−8.3 kg to −3.1 kg)), changes in fat mass (−2.9% (−4.4% to −1.4%) vs −3.6% (−5.9% to −1.2%)), fat free mass (−5.3% (−7.8% to −2.8%) vs −5.5% (−8.3% to −2.6%)), diastolic blood pressure (−5.5 mm Hg (−10.6 mm Hg to −0.3 mm Hg) vs −5.8 mm Hg (−11.3 mm Hg to −0.3 mm Hg)) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (−16.4 mg/dL (−30.8 mg/dL to −2.0 mg/dL) vs −14.7 mg/dL (−25.6 mg/dL to −3.8 mg/dL)). There was a significant change between groups in VO2peak (HIIT: +461.6 mL (329.3‒593.8 mL); MICT: +170.5 mL (86.7–254.4 mL); p<0001) and duration of sessions (HIIT: 35.0 min (31.7 ‒35.6 min); MICT: 46.5 min (40.2‒48.3 min); p<0.001). No significant changes in systolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, glycaemia or plasma insulin were observed.ConclusionsIn healthy adults with obesity, HIIT compared with MICT induced similar weight loss and cardiovascular risk factors improvement but resulted in a larger increase in cardiorespiratory fitness over a shorter period.
Paraneoplastic cochleovestibulopathy: clinical presentations, oncological and serological associations
Authors: Hammami M Bakri , Eggers Scott D Z , Madhavan Ajay , Montalvo Mayra J , Pittock Sean J , Dubey Divyanshu 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveCochleovestibulopathy is a distinguishable paraneoplastic phenotype. In this study, we evaluate clinical presentation, serological/cancer associations and outcomes of paraneoplastic cochleovestibulopathy.MethodsRetrospective chart review of patients with hearing impairment and/or vestibulopathy who underwent serological evaluations for paraneoplastic antibodies between January 2007 and February 2021 was performed.ResultsTwenty-six patients were identified (men, n=23; median age, 45 years, range: 28–70). Biomarkers detected included: KLHL11-IgG‌ ‌(n=20,‌ ‌77% (coexisting LUZP4-IgG, n=8)),‌ ‌‌ANNA1-IgG‌ ‌ ‌(n=3,‌ ‌12%),‌ ‌amphiphysin-IgG‌‌ ‌(n=2,‌ ‌8%)‌ ‌and‌ ‌LUZP4-IgG‌‌ ‌(n=1,‌ ‌4%). Most common neoplastic association was ‌testicular‌/‌extra-testicular‌ ‌seminoma‌ ‌ (n=13,‌ ‌50%).‌‌ Hearing‌ impairment (bilateral, 62%) was ‌present‌ ‌in‌ ‌all‌ ‌patients.‌ ‌Fifteen patients (58%) had cochleovestibular dysfunction as their initial presentation before rhombencephalitis/encephalomyelitis manifestations (hearing loss, four; acute vertigo, eight; both, three). ‌Brain‌ ‌MRI‌ ‌demonstrated‌ ‌internal‌ ‌auditory‌ ‌canal‌ ‌enhancement‌ ‌in‌ ‌four ‌patients.‌ Audiometry commonly revealed severe-profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Most patients ‌had‌ a refractory course ‌despite‌ ‌immunotherapy‌ ‌and/or‌ ‌cancer‌ ‌treatment‌.ConclusionCochleovestibulopathy commonly presents with rapidly progressive bilateral hearing loss and/or acute vertigo. However, in some patients, these symptoms present along with or following brainstem/cerebellar manifestations. KLHL11-IgG and seminoma are the most common serological and cancer associations, respectively. Recognition of this phenotype may aid in earlier diagnosis of paraneoplastic autoimmunity and associated cancer.
Phytotoxin of rice aggregate sheath spot pathogen Rhizoctonia oryzae-sativae and its biological activities
Authors: Wang Xiaoyu , Wang Aimin , Chen Zhiyi , Wei Lihui 
Published: July 2021

Rice aggregate sheath spot disease occurs in many countries and causes serious yield losses. In China, the disease-causing fungus Rhizoctonia oryzae-sativae was reported in 1985, and since then, it has rarely been reported in major rice-growing areas after almost 30 years. Compared with Rhizoctonia solani, R. oryzae-sativae has a significantly different physiological morphology and growth status, although both fungi affect rice leaves in very similar ways. The optimum temperature for the suitable growth of R. oryzae-sativae is 31 °C, which is consistent with previous reports. We extracted phytotoxins from R. oryzae-sativae and analyzed its biological activity via the detached leaf and radicle inhibition methods. Rhizoctonia solani and R. oryzae-sativae exhibit differences in terms of pathogenicity and toxin activity, which indicates that these fungi may produce different toxin components. Based on gas chromatography–mass spectrometry data, esters, phenols, and other components were present in the crude toxin extract of R. oryzae-sativae. Our research provides a new method for studying the phytotoxins of R. oryzae-sativae. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms responsible for aggregate sheath spot disease in rice.
Bound states for massive Dirac fermions in graphene in a magnetic step field
Authors: Dell’Anna L. , Alidoust Ghatar A. , Jahani D. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We calculate the spectrum of massive Dirac fermions in graphene in the presence of an inhomogeneous magnetic field modeled by a step function. We find an analytical universal relation between the bandwidths and the propagating velocities of the modes at the border of the magnetic region, showing how, by tuning the mass term, one can control the speed of these traveling edge states.

Graphic Abstract
Construction of inflationary scenarios with the Gauss–Bonnet term and nonminimal coupling
Authors: Pozdeeva Ekaterina O. , Vernov Sergey Yu. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractInflationary models with a scalar field nonminimally coupled both with the Ricci scalar and with the Gauss–Bonnet term are studied. We propose the way of generalization of inflationary scenarios with the Gauss–Bonnet term and a scalar field minimally coupled with the Ricci scalar to the corresponding scenarios with a scalar field nonminimally coupled with the Ricci scalar. Using the effective potential, we construct a set of models with the same values of the scalar spectral index $$n_s$$

n
s

and the amplitude of the scalar perturbations $$A_s$$

A
s

and different values of the tensor-to-scalar ratio r.
Boer–Mulders function of the pion and pretzelosity distribution of the proton in the polarized pion-proton Drell–Yan process at COMPASS
Authors: Liu Xiaonan , Ma Bo-Qiang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe present a phenomenological analysis of the $$q_{\text {T}}$$

q
T

-weighted transverse spin dependent azimuthal asymmetry recently measured by the COMPASS Collaboration in polarized pion-proton Drell–Yan process. In the kinematical regimes explored by experiments, we consider the leading-twist contributions from the Boer–Mulders distribution functions $$h_{1}^{\perp }(x,k_{\text {T}}^{2})$$

h

1

⊥

(
x
,

k

T

2

)

of both the pion and the proton, the transversity distribution $$h_{1}(x,k_{\text {T}}^{2})$$

h
1

(
x
,

k

T

2

)

and the pretzelosity distribution $$h_{1\text {T}}^{\perp }(x,k_{\text {T}}^{2})$$

h

1
T

⊥

(
x
,

k

T

2

)

of the proton, with the unpolarized transverse-momentum-dependent distribution function $$f_{1}(x,k_{\text {T}}^{2})$$

f
1

(
x
,

k

T

2

)

of the proton being also involved in the calculation. By comparing the data reported by the COMPASS Collaboration with theoretical calculated results, we find that the COMPASS measurements represent the first experimental evidence of the Boer–Mulders effect in polarized Drell–Yan process. We also test the universality between proton and pion Boer–Mulders functions.
SANM
Authors: Jia Kai 
Published: July 2021

Solving nonlinear systems is an important problem. Numerical continuation methods efficiently solve certain nonlinear systems. The Asymptotic Numerical Method (ANM) is a powerful continuation method that usually converges faster than Newtonian methods. ANM explores the landscape of the function by following a parameterized solution curve approximated with a high-order power series. Although ANM has successfully solved a few graphics and engineering problems, prior to our work, applying ANM to new problems required significant effort because the standard ANM assumes quadratic functions, while manually deriving the power series expansion for nonquadratic systems is a tedious and challenging task.
This paper presents a novel solver, SANM, that applies ANM to solve symbolically represented nonlinear systems. SANM solves such systems in a fully automated manner. SANM also extends ANM to support many nonquadratic operators, including intricate ones such as singular value decomposition. Furthermore, SANM generalizes ANM to support the implicit homotopy form. Moreover, SANM achieves high computing performance via optimized system design and implementation.
We deploy SANM to solve forward and inverse elastic force equilibrium problems and controlled mesh deformation problems with a few constitutive models. Our results show that SANM converges faster than Newtonian solvers, requires little programming effort for new problems, and delivers comparable or better performance than a hand-coded, specialized ANM solver. While we demonstrate on mesh deformation problems, SANM is generic and potentially applicable to many tasks.