bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preterm Birth and Antiretroviral Exposure in Infants HIV-exposed Uninfected
Authors: Piske Micah , Qiu Annie Q. , Maan Evelyn J. , Sauvé Laura J. , Forbes John C. , Alimenti Ariane , Janssen Patricia A. , Money Deborah M. , Côté Hélène C.F. ,   for the CIHR Team Grant on Cellular Aging and HIV Comorbidities in Women and Children
Published: January 2021

Background:
Infants HIV-exposed and uninfected (IHEU) who are born to women living with HIV are at an increased risk of preterm birth (PTB). Antenatal exposure to certain maternal antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens has been associated with PTB, although existing studies in this domain are limited and report discordant findings. We determined odds of PTB among IHEU by antenatal ART regimens and timing of exposure, adjusting for maternal risk factors.

Methods:
We retrospectively studied IHEU born in British Columbia (BC), Canada between 1990 and 2012 utilizing provincial health administrative databases. We included data from a control group of infants HIV-unexposed and uninfected (IHUU) matched ~3:1 for each IHEU on age, sex and geocode.

Results:
A total of 411 IHEU and 1224 IHUU were included in univariable analysis. PTB was more frequent among IHEU (20%) compared with IHUU (7%). IHEU were more often antenatally exposed to alcohol, tobacco, as well as prescription, nonprescription, and illicit drugs (IHEU: 36%, 8% and 35%; vs. IHUU: 3%, 1% and 9%, respectively). After adjusting for maternal substance use and smoking exposure, IHEU remained at increased odds of PTB [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) (95% CI): 2.66; (1.73, 4.08)] compared with matched IHUU controls. ART-exposed IHEU (excluding those with NRTIs only ART) had lower adjusted odds of PTB compared with IHEU with no maternal ART exposure, regardless of regimen [aOR range: 0.16–0.29 (0.02–0.95)]. Odds of PTB between IHEU exposed to ART from conception compared with IHEU exposed to ART postconception did not differ [aOR: 0.91 (0.47, 1.76)]; however, both groups experienced lower odds of PTB compared with IHEU with no maternal ART [preconception: aOR: 0.28 (0.08, 0.89); postconception: aOR 0.30 (0.11, 0.83)].

Conclusions:
BC IHEU were over twice as likely to be born preterm compared with demographically matched controls. Maternal substance use in pregnancy modulated this risk; however, we found no adverse associations of PTB with exposure to antenatal ART.
Epidemiology of Human Metapneumovirus-associated Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in African Children: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Ramocha Lesego M. , Mutsaerts Eleonora A. M. L. , Verwey Charl , Madhi Shabir 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) has been associated with upper and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in children and adults. This systematic review evaluated the epidemiology of hMPV-associated LRTI, including severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) hospitalization or clinically diagnosed severe pneumonia, in African children under 5 years of age.

Methods:
We searched Science Direct, PubMed, Cochrane Central, Scopus, and WHO regional databases using the terms “(“Human metapneumovirus” AND “Africa”) OR (“hMPV” AND “Africa”)” up to September 17, 2020. Other sources included ClinicalTrials.gov to obtain unpublished data. Studies were included if children were less than 5 years of age and hospitalized with hMPV-associated LRTI, SARI or if clinically diagnosed with severe pneumonia in the community. The main outcomes were prevalence of hMPV identified among children with hospitalized LRTI or SARI. We further calculated odds ratios for hMPV in cases with LRTI compared with non-LRTI controls. Pooled results were calculated using a random-effects model.

Results:
Thirty studies were eligible for inclusion in the review. The prevalence of hMPV-LRTI/SARI among hospitalized and severe pneumonia cases was 4.7% [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.9–5.6, I2
= 95.0]. The case-control studies indicated that hMPV was 2.0-fold (95% CI: 0.9–4.4) more likely to be identified in LRTI cases (10.3%) than controls (6.0%). Three of 5 studies reported hMPV-associated LRTI case fatality risk, with a pooled estimate of 1.3% (95% CI: 0.3–2.9; I2
= 49).

Conclusions:
hMPV was associated with approximately 5% of LRTI/SARI hospitalizations or severe pneumonia cases in Africa.
Significance of Self-Care Management as Persons Prepare to Reintegrate Into the Community
Authors: Maruca Annette T. , Dion Kimberly , Zucker Donna , Kozuch Tammi 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Persons reentering the community after incarceration often confront a range of challenges that influence their ability to engage in self-care. This study sought to gain insight and understanding of how persons recently released from an incarceration experience perceive their preparedness for reentry and how this affects their ability to engage in self-care management.

Method
Using focus group methodology, four male, two female, and one mixed focus groups (N = 31) were held at a syringe access program, a medication-assisted recovery clinic, and a postincarceration support service. The Rediscovery of Self-Care (RSC) model served as the framework. The a priori RSC constructs guided data analysis.

Findings
Participants defined self-care as basic hygiene, eating well, engaging with family, and managing mental health and their substance use issues. Depending on the interview location, self-care also included using clean injection materials, taking prescribed medications, or adhering to treatment programs. Reported challenges to self-care included transportation, substance addiction, job and housing instability, and mental illness. Our results indicate that there is value in applying the RSC model to guide nursing interventions in promoting self-care for persons with an incarceration experience.

Conclusion
There is a need for reskilling, especially pertaining to sober environments, mental health services, syringe access programs, and continuity of care. Self-care ability, self-efficacy, motivation, sense of internal control, and social support were identified as critical to the successful transition to full reentry after incarceration.
Impact of Time Restricted Feeding on Fitness Variables in Professional Resistance Trained Firefighters
Authors: Gonzalez Andrew E. , Waldman Hunter S. , Abel Mark G. , McCurdy Kevin W. , McAllister Matthew J. 
Published: January 2021

Firefighters are at an elevated risk for cardiometabolic disease and sudden cardiac death due to physiological and psychological stressors. Research suggests time restricted feeding (TRF) may improve health and performance variables.

Objective:
This study investigated the effects of a 7-week TRF (14-hour fasting:10-hour eating window) on fitness variables related to physical health and performance among professional, resistance-trained firefighters.

Methods:
Several fitness variables were assessed pre- and post-TRF intervention.

Results:
Relative and absolute ventilatory threshold (VT) increased (P < 0.05), relative and absolute

, decreased (P < 0.05), and muscular strength, endurance, and power were not affected pre- versus post-intervention.

Conclusion:
Although

, decreased, all other performance variables were not negatively impacted by TRF. Improvements in VT may be associated with improvements to markers of endurance exercise performance in firefighters, but more data are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
Prediction and analysis of hub genes between glioblastoma and low-grade glioma using bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Xu Baowei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Gliomas are an intractable tumor in the central nervous system. The present study aimed to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and low-grade gliomas (LGG) in order to investigate the mechanisms of different grades of gliomas. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to identify DEGs between GBM and LGG, and 2641 genes have been found differentially expressed. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were used to determine the related functions and pathways of DEGs. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network extracted a total of 444 nodes and 1953 interactions, and identified the top 6 hub genes in gliomas. The microarray data of the datasets GSE52009 and GSE4412, which were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, were used to externally validate DEGs expression levels. Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database which was based on TCGA was used to explore the survival of hub genes in LGG and GBM. Additionally, the Oncomine database and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) database were used to validate the mRNA expression level and prognostic value of hub genes. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) identified further hub genes-related pathways. In summary, through biological information and survival analysis, 6 hub genes may be new biomarkers for diagnosis and for guiding the choice of treatment strategies for different grades of gliomas.
Comprehensive, multisystem, mechanical decolonization of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus and Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriacease without the use of antibiotics
Authors: Choi Eunseok , Lee Sook Joung , Lee Sangjee , Yi Jinseok , Lee Yeon Soo , Chang So-youn , Jeong Ho Young , Joo Yunwoo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Among multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs), Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), and Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) have become major nosocomial pathogens that are endemic worldwide. If VRE/CRE are present as colonizing organisms but do not act as pathogens, these organisms do not cause symptoms and do not require antibiotic use. However, once gastrointestinal colonization with VRE/CRE occurs, it can persist for long periods and serve as a reservoir for transmission to other patients. Therefore, a breakthrough strategy to control the spread of MDRO colonization is needed. We herein introduce decolonization method, which is a comprehensive, multisystem, consecutive mechanical MDRO decolonization protocol that does not utilize antibiotics.
Our protocol included
These steps were repeated consecutively until the patient was released from quarantine. We conducted VRE/CRE tests every week. Because our protocol was a comprehensive and multisystem decolonization protocol, the cooperation of patients and/or caregivers was essential, and family support was important for patient care. Patients were divided into VRE and CRE groups and were subdivided into success and failure groups according to decolonization status.
Thirty-two patients with VRE or CRE colonization were enrolled, and our protocol was performed. A total of 20 patients (62.5%) were successfully decolonized after repeated protocols. Univariate analysis revealed that patients with younger age, higher body mass index (BMI), shorter period of MDRO isolation without trial, and higher functional status showed significantly enhanced success rates with our decolonization protocol.
This study presents the decolonization effects of a comprehensive, multisystem, mechanical decolonization protocol for VRE and CRE. Most importantly, our decolonization protocol does not use antibiotics and is thus not harmful. These results suggest an active decolonization trial to be performed as early as possible in patients with VRE or CRE colonization. This simple, easy-to-apply protocol can be used as 1 of the basic treatment options for MDROs infection or colonization, regardless of whether it requires antibiotic treatment.
Effectiveness of CO2 laser therapy in treating acne depressed scar
Authors: Zang Huan , Xu Ya-nan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background:
This study is to assess the effectiveness of CO2 laser therapy (COLT) in treating patients with acne depressed scar (ADS).

Methods:
Relevant randomized controlled trials will be checked by search the electronic databases of Cochrane Library, PUBEMD, EMBASE, Web of Science, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, VIP Database, CBM database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. All potential randomized controlled trials of COLT for patients with ADS will be identified by 2 independent authors by searching all sources from inception to present. Two authors will independently undertake literature selection, data collection and study quality assessment. Any divergences between 2 authors will be settled down by a third author through discussion. RevMan 5.3 software will be used for statistical analysis.

Results:
This study will assess the effectiveness of COLT for patients with ADS.

Conclusions:
This study may provide helpful evidence to determine whether COLT is an effective intervention for patients with ADS.

Study registration:
OSF (osf.io/m9ghv).
Clinical outcomes of multivessel coronary artery disease patients revascularized by robot-assisted vs conventional standard coronary artery bypass graft surgeries in real-world practice
Authors: Lin Tzu-Hsiang , Wang Chi-Wei , Shen Ching-Hui , Chang Keng-Hao , Lai Chih-Hung , Liu Tsun-Jui , Chen Kuan-Ju , Chen Yu-Wei , Lee Wen-Lieng , Su Chieh-Shou 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The treatment of patients with multivessel coronary artery disease (MVD) by coronary stenting (PCI) and the “gold standard” conventional coronary-artery bypass grafting (C-CABG) has been well explored in the literature. However, the clinical outcomes of robot-assisted CABG (R-CABG) vs C-CABG in MVD patients in real-world practice were unknown. We aimed to study the clinical outcomes of MVD patients who underwent R-CABG (robotic MIDCAB) and C-CABG at our institution between January 2005 and December 2013.
A total of 516 MVD patients received CABG were recruited into this study. Among them, 281 patients received R-CABG and 235 patients underwent C-CABG. Patients in the R-CABG group were younger, and had fewer vessels with coronary artery disease (CAD), lower prevalence of chronic renal disease (CKD), higher left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), as well as lower Euro scores. The in-hospital and long-term mortalities were lower in the R-CABG group, but the incidences of target lesion revascularization (TLR), target vessel revascularization (TVR), myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke were not significantly different between the two groups. The long-term mortality was related to age, lower LVEF, and CKD, but not residual SYNTAX score, or completeness of revascularization. The revascularization modality (R-CABG vs C-CABG) was a borderline significantly independent predictor of long-term mortality (OR 1.76 [0.99–3.14], P = .055).
Our study concluded that R-CABG, in comparison with C-CABG, for MVD carried out in younger patients involved fewer clinical complexities was associated with lower in-hospital and long-term mortalities in real-world practice. However, the long-term rates of TLR, TVR, MI, and stroke were similar. The long-term mortality was correlated with age, lower LVEF, and CKD, where R-CABG remained a borderline significant predictor after correcting for confounding factors. R-CABG could be an effective alternative to C-CABG for MVD patients with fewer clinical complexities in real-world practice.
Comparison of lung ultrasound and other volumetric methods in peritoneal dialysis patients
Authors: Sevinc Mustafa , Hasbal Nuri Baris , Basturk Taner , Ozcafer Perin Nazif , Kocas Betul Balaban , Kilickesmez Kadriye , Ozel Alper , Sakaci Tamer , Ahbap Elbis , Unsal Abdulkadir , Koc Yener 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Although many alternative methods are present, maintaining ideal volume status in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients still rely on clinical evaluation due to lack of an evidence-based method. Lung ultrasound (LUS) is a new method for evaluation of hidden congestion in this group.
LUS findings and its relationship with other volumetric methods are investigated in this observational cross-sectional study.
In this observational cross sectional study, LUS was performed to all PD patients and compared with symptoms of hypervolemia, physical examination, vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C), and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels, chest radiography, echocardiography, bioelectrical impedance analysis.
Data of 21 PD patients were evaluated. There was correlation between number of B lines and VEGF-C levels (r = 0.447, P = .042), daily urine output (r = 0.582, P = .007) and left ventricle mass index (r = –0.456, P = .038). Correlations with all other parameters were not significant. Daily urine output and VEGF-C levels were significantly different when B lines were grouped into 2 according to the median level (P < .05 for all).
This is the widest spectrum study looking for LUS findings and other volumetric parameters in a small PD cohort. LUS might be useful to evaluate hidden hypervolemia. Its correlation with VEGF-C level is a novel finding.
Evaluation of the therapeutic effect of acoustic therapy combined with acupuncture on idiopathic tinnitus
Authors: Wang Siji , Chen Ziqi , Dai Jiaqiu , Yu Fenghui , Kang Houyong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background:
There is no effective treatment for idiopathic tinnitus. Both acoustic therapy and acupuncture have been used in the treatment of idiopathic tinnitus, but the clinical efficacy is quite different. For there is no clinical study combining the 2, the purpose of this randomized controlled trial is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acoustic therapy combined with acupuncture in the treatment of idiopathic tinnitus.

Methods:
This is a prospective randomized controlled trial to study the effectiveness and safety of acoustic therapy combined with acupuncture in the treatment of idiopathic tinnitus, and is approved by the clinical research ethics committee of our hospital. The patients are randomly divided into one of 2 treatment options: (A) acoustic therapy combined with acupuncture group and (B) simple acupuncture group. Patients, doctors, nurses, and data collection assistants are blinded to group allocation. Observation indicators include:
Data is analyzed using the statistical software package SPSS version 25.0 (Chicago, IL).

Discussion:
This protocol will evaluate the efficacy and safety of acoustic therapy combined with acupuncture in the treatment of idiopathic tinnitus. The results of this experiment will provide clinical evidence for the use of acoustic therapy combined with acupuncture in the treatment of idiopathic tinnitus.

Trial registration:
This study protocol is registered in

Ethics and dissemination:
Private information from individuals will not be published. This systematic review also does not involve endangering participant rights. Ethical approval was not required.

OSF Registration number:
DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/87VFB.
The efficacy and safety of local infiltration analgesia vs femoral nerve block after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Chen Juan , Wang Xiaowei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background:
Several previous trials have attempted to compare the efficacy of femoral nerve block (FNB) and local infiltrative analgesia (LIA) for patients received anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, but reached inconsistent conclusions. The primary purpose of this present research was to compare the FNB and LIA in the reconstruction of ACL.

Methods:
This investigation was conducted and then reported on the basis of Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in the Epidemiology checklist. From our registry database, we retrospectively determined 688 patients who received the primary reconstruction of ACL from 2016 to 2019 at our academic institutions. This current retrospective cohort study was approved through the institutional review committee at our hospital. Inclusion criteria contained the primary or autograft bone-patellar tendine-bone reconstruction of ACL in the patients over 16 years of age. Patients in the LIA group underwent intraoperative infiltration at the harvested site after tendon harvest, with use of 2 mg/mL of ropivacaine 20 mL and 5 mg/mL of epinephrine, respectively. After the reconstruction of ACL, 5 Lg/mL of epinephrine, and 20 mL of ropivacaine (2 mg/mL) were injected at the site of surgical trauma. The patient in FNB group was given 40 mL of ropivacaine (2 mg/mL), and the ropivacaine was injected into femoral nerve sheath at femoral triangle level. The primary outcome was the consumption of morphine 24 h after the operation. And the secondary results involved the complications, functional results, and the scores of pain.

Results:
It is assumed that the efficacy of LIA in the early postoperative pain is no less than that of FNB. For our study, the major limitation is the lack of randomization. Nevertheless, these data were prospectively harvested, with high response rate of patient.

Trial registration:
This study protocol was registered in Research Registry (researchregistry6277).
Clinical effect of vestibular rehabilitation on benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
Authors: Liu Wei , Pan Cheng-Li , Wang Xi-chun , Sun Shuang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background:
This study will evaluate the clinical effect of vestibular rehabilitation (VR) on benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV).

Methods:
In this study, we will identify relevant trials on the topic published in MEDLINE, EBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, CINAHL, CBM, and CNKI from inception to the present. We will also search conference proceedings, thesis/dissertation, ongoing trials in clinical trial registry, and reference lists of included studies. Two researchers will independently carry out record selection, data extraction, and study quality assessment, respectively. Any disagreement will be arbitrated and solved with the help of a third researcher. If necessary, we will conduct random-effects meta-analysis to pool the effect estimates of included trials determined to be acceptable heterogeneity.

Results:
We will summarize the latest evidence to assess the effect of VR for the treatment of patients with BPPV.

Conclusion:
The findings of this study will help determine whether or not VR is effective in treating BPPV.

OSF registration:
osf.io/k83y5.
Tuina for diabetes with obesity
Authors: Peng Sihan , Xie Ziyan , Zhang Xiyu , Liu Ya , Zhang Xiangeng , Liang Xiaoli , Wang Hongyan , Xie Chunguang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background:
Obesity is an independent risk factor for the occurrence and development of diabetes. Patients with diabetes combined with obesity will face serious burdens such as increase in insulin resistance and difficulty in blood glucose control. As a safe, effective, economical, and simple intervention, Tuina is more acceptable to the public than drugs. The objective of this systematic evaluation and meta-analysis is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Tuina for diabetes with obesity.

Methods:
We will search the following electronic databases: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Sino Med, Wanfang, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry System, China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM). The time limit for retrieving studies is from establishment to November 2020 for each database. Randomized controlled clinical trials related to Tuina intervention on diabetes with obesity will be included. Data synthesis, sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis as well as the assessment of bias risk will be conducted by using Stata V.13.0 and Review manager 5.3 software.

Results:
This study will provide a quantitative and standardized evaluation for the efficacy of Tuina therapy on diabetes with obesity.

Conclusion:
This systematic review and meta-analysis will provide the high-quality evidence of whether Tuina is an effective intervention for diabetes with obesity.

Registration number:
INPLASY2020110106.