bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ti‐9Mnβ‐type alloy exhibits better osteogenicity thanTi‐15Mnalloy in vitro
Authors: Swain Subhasmita , Ong Joo L. , Narayanan Ramaswamy , Rautray Tapash R. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTi‐9Mn and Ti‐15Mn were prepared using an arc furnace in order to understand their osteogenic behavior as a biomedical implant. Ti‐9Mn surface showed a significantly lower contact angle value (41%) as compared with the Ti‐15Mn surface. The higher Ra and lower hydrophilicity values of Ti‐9Mn alloy as compared with Ti‐15Mn alloy indicates that Ti‐9Mn can have better osteoconductive properties. ALP activity of the osteoblast cells on the Ti‐9Mn alloy was elevated by 45% on day 7 and 20% on day 14 as compared to the Ti‐15Mn alloy that reflects faster induction of osteoblast phenotypes of MG63 cells. Filopodia and lamellipodia structures were spread more on the Ti‐9Mn specimens as compared to the Ti‐15Mn alloy. Cell viability on Ti‐9Mn alloy increased by 25% and 32%, respectively after 7 and 14 days of culture as compared to Ti‐15Mn alloy. On day 14 of culture, the relative expression of RUNX2, COL1, and OC on Ti‐9Mn alloy were elevated by 35%, 21%, and 30% respectively than the Ti‐15Mn alloy. Ti‐9Mn alloy also exhibited an inductive effect on the cell proliferation, and upregulation in the expression of ALP, RUNX2, and OC that is, the genes related to osteoblastic differentiation. Hence, the present in vitro results suggest that Ti‐9Mn can be a preferred implant material than the Ti‐15Mn alloy.
Insight into the influence of defect sites in mixed phase of mesoporous titania nanoparticles toward photocatalytic degradation of 2‐chlorophenol: Effect of light source
Authors: Marfur Nor Amira , Jaafar Nur Farhana 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe impact of different light irradiation was studied on photocatalytic degradation of 2‐chlorophenol (2‐CP) using mesoporous titania nanoparticles (MTNs) prepared by microwave‐assisted methods. The photoactivity of MTNs was also compared with pretreated commercial TiO2 and Degussa P25 (P25). The reactions were conducted for 2.5 hr under UV‐A, UV‐C, sunlight, and visible light using a batch reactor. The catalysts were characterized by X‐ray powder diffractometer, UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, photoluminescence, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method, field‐emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The characterization results confirmed that MTN consisted a composition of 21% rutile phase and 79% anatase phase with Ti3+ site defects (TSDs) and oxygen vacancies (OVs) in their structures because of their anionic surfactant nature, microwave heating, and high calcination temperature during the catalyst preparation. Besides, the photoactivity of MTN upon degradation of 2‐CP under sunlight has exhibited the best performance with 100% degradation followed by UV‐A, visible light, and UV‐C with degradation of 96, 52, and 39%, respectively. MTNs showed a remarkable performance due to their mixed‐phase crystalline structures as well as the formation of TSDs and OVs, which improved the charge migration, lowered the band gap energy, and reduced the rate of electron–hole recombination, thus succeeded to be activated under a wide range of light responses.
Acmella oleracea extract increases collagen content and organization in partially transected tendons
Authors: Moro Selma Delgado de Souza , de Oliveira Fujii Lucas , Teodoro Luis Felipe Rodrigues , Frauz Katleen , Mazoni Alysson Fernandes , Esquisatto Marcelo Augusto Maretto , Rodrigues Rodney Alexandre Ferreira , Pimentel Edson Rosa , de Aro Andrea Aparecida 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAcmella oleracea contains spilanthol as the main active compound, which possesses analgesic and anti‐inflammatory effects that can favor tendon reorganization. To analyze the effect of A. oleracea on the content and organization of collagen in injured tendons, the calcaneal tendon of male Lewis rats was partially transected and treated at the site of injury with a topical application of 20% A. oleracea ointment (AO group) or with the ointment base without the plant extract (B group). The animals were euthanized 21 days after partial transection. Higher collagen concentration was observed in the AO group than in the B group, and morphological analysis using polarization microscopy showed higher birefringence in the AO group than in the B group, indicating higher collagen organization. No difference was observed in the number of fibroblasts, blood vessels, proteoglycan distribution, and maximum load between the B and AO groups. In conclusion, topical application of 20% A. oleracea ointment increased the molecular organization and content of collagen, thus indicating a potential application in tendon repair. Studies on the later phases of the tendon healing process are necessary to demonstrate the possible biomechanical changes after the application of A. oleracea ointment.
Sulfur fertility management to enhance methionine and cysteine in soybeans
Authors: Rushovich Dana , Weil Ray 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDSoybeans (Glycine max) are a major protein source both for humans and non‐ruminant livestock; however, the usability of soybean protein is limited by the concentration of the essential sulfur (S)‐containing amino acids methionine and cysteine (MET+CYS). Traditional efforts to improve protein quality in soybeans have largely been focused on plant breeding but soil S fertility may also influence seed MET+CYS concentration. Crop S deficiencies are increasingly common due to soil depletion by high yields and reduced atmospheric deposition. We report on a survey of commercial soybean fields and two replicated split‐plot field experiments in the mid‐Atlantic region, USA. The experimental treatments were two levels (0 or 100 kg S ha−1) of broadcast gypsum (CaSO4) and two levels (0 or 11 kg‐S ha−1) of foliar Epsom salt (MgSO4) applied to two soybean cultivars. The objective was to assess the variability of, and effect of, S fertilization on S and MET+CYS concentrations in soybean seeds.RESULTSSulfur ranged from 2.35 to 3.54 mg g−1 and MET+CYS ranged from 5.5 to 9.2 mg g−1 protein in seeds from commercial fields surveyed. Sulfur application increased seed MET+CYS concentration 1.3 to twofold in two replicated field experiments. Overall, MET+CYS concentration in protein ranged from 3.9 to 12.8 mg g−1 and was linearly predicted (R2 = 0.65) by seed S.CONCLUSIONSSoybean seed S and MET+CYS concentrations vary widely. We show that field‐scale S application can greatly enhance soybean MET+CYS content and therefore protein quality. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Evaluation of atmospheric galvanic aluminum corrosion in electrical transmission towers at different sites in the Valparaíso region, Chile. Wire‐on‐Bolt Test (CLIMAT)
Authors: Valverde Bárbara , Vera Rosa , Henríquez Nicole , Olave Elizabeth 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study evaluates environmental aggressiveness and atmospheric galvanic corrosivity categories in Chile (Classification of Industrial and Marine ATmospheres test) by installing bolts in electrical transmission towers in the Valparaiso region across four exposure sites: Playa Ancha, San Sebastián, Las Vegas, and San Felipe. Classifications of marine corrosion index (MCI), industrial corrosion index (ICI), and atmospheric corrosion index (ACI) used different galvanic couples: aluminum/steel for MCI, aluminum/copper for ICI, and aluminum/polyethylene for ACI. Corrosion indices varied by season (summer, autumn, winter, and spring), for which couples were exchanged every 3 months. Intraseason variation depended mainly on the meteorochemical variables of the zone, the Cl−/SO2 ratio, and the presence of general and pitting corrosion in the aluminum. The results indicate that, regardless of environmental condition, the aluminum in Al/steel (MCI) and Al/copper (ICI) couples presented a higher corrosion rate than when not forming a galvanic couple (ACI). Moreover, under higher environmental chloride, these differences increase. The Playa Ancha station presented the highest ACI.
Third‐order tunable filter with CFBW using two quarter‐wavelength resonators
Authors: Narayana Shriman , Singh Yatendra Kumar 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA tunable third‐order bandpass filter (BPF) with constant fractional bandwidth (CFBW) is presented. Only two quarter‐wavelength resonators have been used in comb‐line fashion to design the third‐order BPF. The physical dimensions of the resonators have been decided to satisfy the filter specifications by synthesizing the coupling matrix. Using modal voltage waveform analysis, locations of the varactors to be connected are identified to tune the first three modes of the resonators to form the BPF. The varactors connected symmetrically between the two quarter‐wavelength resonators can only control the odd modes, while the varactors loaded at the resonator ends can control the odd and even modes simultaneously. Moreover, the capacitance ranges of the varactors have been chosen to achieve the desired tuning of the filter. The center frequency of the filter is tunable from 640 to 840 MHz with CFBW of approximately 32%.
Fighting “bad science” in the information age: The effects of an intervention to stimulate evaluation and critique of false scientific claims
Authors: Tseng Anita S. , Bonilla Sade , MacPherson Anna 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWith developments in technology (e.g., “Web 2.0” sites that allow users to author and create media content) and the removal of publication barriers, the quality of science information online now varies vastly. These changes in the review of published science information, along with increased facility of information distribution, have resulted in the spread of misinformation about science. As such, the role of evaluation when reading scientific claims has become a pressing issue when educating students. While recent studies have examined educational strategies for supporting evaluation of sources and plausibility of claims, there is little extant work on supporting students in critiquing the claims for flawed scientific reasoning. This study tested the efficacy of a structured reading support intervention for evaluation and critique on cultivating a critical awareness of flawed scientific claims in an online setting. We developed and validated a questionnaire to measure epistemic vigilance, implemented a large‐scale (N = 1081) Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) of an original reading activity that elicits evaluation and critique of scientific claims, and measured whether the intervention increased epistemic vigilance of misinformation. Our RCT results suggested a moderate effect in students who complied with the treatment intervention. Furthermore, analyses of heterogeneous effects suggested that the intervention effects were driven by 11th‐grade students and students who self‐reported a moderate trust in science and medicine. Our findings point to the need for additional opportunities and instruction for students on critiquing scientific claims and the nature of specific errors in scientific reasoning.
Efficacy of serious exergames in improving neuropsychiatric symptoms in neurocognitive disorders: Results of the X‐TORP cluster randomized trial
Authors: Robert Philippe , Albrengues Claire , Fabre Roxane , Derreumaux Alexandre , Pancrazi Marie Pierre , Luporsi Isabelle , Dubois Bruno , Epelbaum Stéphane , Mercier Grégoire , Foulon Pierre , Bremond François , Manera Valeria 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a serious exergame in improving the neuropsychiatric symptoms of patients with neurocognitive disorders.MethodsX‐Torp is a serious exergame combining motor and cognitive activities. Ninety‐one subjects (mean age = 81.7 years, mean Mini‐Mental State Examination = 18.3) were recruited in 16 centers. Centers were randomized into intervention and control centers. Subjects underwent assessment for cognitive and behavioral symptoms at baseline (BL), the end of the intervention (W12), and 12 weeks after the end of the intervention (W24).ResultsThe comparison of neuropsychiatric symptoms between BL and W12 and W24 showed that subjects of the intervention group improved in apathy between BL and W12. Mixed analysis (time BL, W12, W24 x group) indicated a significant increase in apathy and neuropsychiatric symptoms in the control subjects.DiscussionThe use of X‐Torp improved neuropsychiatric symptoms, particularly apathy. Future studies should more consistently use behavioral and neuropsychiatric symptoms as outcome measures.
Underwater archaeobotany: plant and wood analyses from the Vrouw Maria, a 1771 shipwreck in the Finnish Baltic Sea
Authors: Lempiäinen-Avci Mia , Timonen Tuuli , Harju Pirkko , Alvik Riikka 
Published: May 2021

AbstractArchaeobotanical analyses together with historical records can provide unique information about the cargoes and histories of sunken ships, which are found as wrecks at the bottom of the seas all over the world. An interdisciplinary research project was undertaken on the Vrouw Maria (Lady Mary), a Dutch wooden two-masted merchant ship that sank on October 9th in 1771 in the Finnish Baltic Sea. She rested at a depth of 41 m and was in good condition when discovered. Based on written sources and archaeological research, the ship was carrying a valuable cargo including, for example, sugar, dyes, cloth, porcelain, wood and goods that the Russian nobility had ordered. Among them were paintings that the Russian Empress Catherine the Great (1729–1796) had bought at an auction in Amsterdam. Samples from four wooden barrels and from one wooden packing crate among the ship’s cargo were investigated. Botanical analysis revealed products such as stimulants, dyes and fruits originating from the Mediterranean, India, Africa and South America. One of the most intriguing finds from the cargo was Indigofera tinctoria L. (true indigo), a valuable dye plant. Our paper presents the botanical data analysed from the barrels and summarizes the plants mentioned in the historical records on the cargo of the Vrouw Maria.
Long-term follow-up results of medial opening wedge high tibia osteotomy with a pre-countered non-locking steel plate
Authors: Miettinen Simo S. A. , Miettinen Hannu J. A. , Jalkanen Jussi , Joukainen Antti , Kröger Heikki 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Introduction
This retrospective study investigated the long-term follow-up results of medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) with a pre-countered non-locking steel plate implant (Puddu plate = PP) used for medial knee osteoarthrosis (OA) treatment.

Materials and methods
Consecutive 70 MOWHTOs (66 patients) were performed between 01.01.2004 and 31.12.2008 with the mean follow-up time of 11.4 (SD 4.5; range 1.2–16.1) years. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to evaluate the cumulative survival of the implant in terms of age (< 50 years old and ≥ 50 years old) and gender. Adverse events were studied and Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate risk factors [age, gender, body mass index (BMI), preoperative mechanical axis, severity of OA, use of bone grafting or substitution and undercorrection of mechanical axis from varus to valgus] for revisions.

Results
The estimates for the cumulative survival with no need for TKA after MOWHTO were 86% at 5 years, 67% at 10 years and 58% at 16.1 years (SE 0.6, CI 95% 11.1–13.5). A total of 33/70 (47%) adverse events occurred and 38/70 (54%) knees required some revision surgery during the follow-up. Cox regression did not show any statistically significant risk factors for revision.

Conclusions
The PP has feasible MOWHTO results with a cumulative survival of 67% at 10 years with no need for conversion to TKA. Many adverse events occurred and revision rate due to any reason was high. Age or gender did not have statistically significant differences in terms of survival.
Using the ‘good farmer’ concept to explore agricultural attitudes to the provision of public goods. A case study of participants in an English agri-environment scheme
Authors: Cusworth George , Dodsworth Jennifer 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAcross the European Union, the receipt of agricultural subsidisation is increasingly being predicated on the delivery of public goods. In the English context, in particular, these changes can be seen in the redirection of money to the new Environmental Land Management scheme. Such shifts reflect the changed expectations that society is placing on agriculture—from something that provides one good (food) to something that supplies many (food, access to green spaces, healthy rural environment, flood resilience, reduced greenhouse gas emissions). Whilst the reasons behind the changes are well documented, understanding how these shifts are being experienced by the managers expected to deliver on these new expectations is less well understood. Bourdieu’s social theory and the good farmer concept are used to attend to this blind spot, and to provide timely insight as the country progresses along its public goods subsidy transition. Evidence from 65 interviews with 40 different interviewees (25 of whom gave a repeat interview) show a general willingness towards the transition to a public goods model of subsidisation. The optimisation and efficiency that has historically characterised the productivist identity is colouring the way managers are approaching the delivery of public goods. Ideas of land sparing and land sharing (and the farming preference for the former over the latter) are used to help understand these new social and attitudinal realities. The policy implications of these findings are discussed, with reference to the new scheme’s ‘priority themes’.
PositiveLinks and the COVID-19 Response: Importance of Low-Barrier Messaging for PLWH in Non-urban Virginia in a Crisis
Authors: Campbell Breanna R. , Swoger Sabrina , Tabackman Alexa , Hilgart Eleanor , Elliott Benjamin , Coffey Sylvia , Ingersoll Karen , Dillingham Rebecca , Flickinger Tabor E. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPositiveLinks (PL) is an evidence-based mobile health intervention promoting engagement in care for people living with HIV. PL offers secure, in-app patient-provider messaging. We investigated messaging during the early COVID-19 pandemic, comparing messages exchanged between 01/13/2020 and 03/01/2020 (“Pre-COVID”) to messages exchanged between 03/02/2020 and 04/19/2020 (“early COVID”) using Poisson regression. We performed qualitative analysis on a subset of messages exchanged between 02/01/2020 and 03/31/2020. Between “Pre-COVID” and “early COVID” periods, weekly member and provider messaging rates increased significantly. Of the messages analyzed qualitatively, most (53.3%) addressed medical topics, and more than a fifth (21.3%) addressed social issues. COVID-related messages often focused on care coordination and risk information; half of COVID messages contained rapport-building. PL patients (“members”) and providers used in-app secure messaging to reach out to one another, identifying needs, organizing receipt of healthcare resources, and strengthening patient-care team relationships. These findings underscore the importance of low-barrier messaging during a crisis.
Detecting and explaining unfairness in consumer contracts through memory networks
Authors: Ruggeri Federico , Lagioia Francesca , Lippi Marco , Torroni Paolo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRecent work has demonstrated how data-driven AI methods can leverage consumer protection by supporting the automated analysis of legal documents. However, a shortcoming of data-driven approaches is poor explainability. We posit that in this domain useful explanations of classifier outcomes can be provided by resorting to legal rationales. We thus consider several configurations of memory-augmented neural networks where rationales are given a special role in the modeling of context knowledge. Our results show that rationales not only contribute to improve the classification accuracy, but are also able to offer meaningful, natural language explanations of otherwise opaque classifier outcomes.
Alien plant invasions in Mediterranean habitats: an assessment for Sicily
Authors: Guarino Riccardo , Chytrý Milan , Attorre Fabio , Landucci Flavia , Marcenò Corrado 
Published: May 2021

AbstractLevels of plant invasions in different habitat types were assessed in several regional studies, but few of them were from the Mediterranean. Here we compare the levels of vascular plant invasion across habitats and plant communities of Sicily. We used a large dataset of plant species presences/absences in vegetation plots to analyze the invasion patterns across habitats considering biogeography, life form and phenology of alien plants. Vegetation plots were classified based on the EUNIS classification of European habitats. The invasiveness of each species was expressed in terms of its absolute and percentage frequency. Representation of different life forms and phenological patterns was compared between alien and native species. The fidelity of alien species to individual habitats was calculated using thephicoefficient. Our analysis shows that annual and woody species are the most represented life forms in the alien flora of Sicily and that alien species tend to have a longer flowering period than the native species. The investigated habitats differed strongly in their level of invasion by alien species, ranging from 0 to 15.6% of aliens of all species recorded. Most of the habitats were colonized by very few alien species or completely lacked them, except for sandy coasts, naturally-disturbed riverbeds, and synanthropic habitats. It must be noted, however, that the number of alien species occurring in a given habitat does not relate to the severity of the impact of invasion in that habitat. Some habitats are invaded by few (or single) species, which attain a high cover, transforming the whole ecosystem. The habitat-based approach proved to be suitable for evaluating the habitat specificity and frequency of alien species at a regional scale, improving the capacity for risk assessment in different ecological contexts.
Supporting mountain agriculture through “mountain product” label: a choice experiment approach
Authors: Mazzocchi Chiara , Sali Guido 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe valorization of typical food products contributes to local economy sustainability. The European Union introduced the optional "mountain product label” (European Commission, EUR-Lex 2014, European Parliament 2012) to promote the mountain economic system sustainability. Although some researchers have focused their studies on the mountain product label, at our knowledge, the mountain product label value has never been investigated before. The aim of the study is to assess consumers’ willingness to pay for a typical mountain cheese with different sustainable production characteristics, among which the “mountain product label”, using a Choice Experiment approach. More in detail, we tested as sustainable issues: the presence on the label of the mountain product certification (i), the organic certification (ii) and some animal welfare information (iii). We also investigated socio-demographic and attitudinal variables influencing consumers’ propensity towards the three attributes. The main results confirm the consumers’ interest for the mountain product label, probably for a renewed consumers’ interests for environmental respectful production process in food market and because the mountain territory is perceived as carrier of positive values. Moreover, also the other attributes, organic label and especially the indication on animal welfare resulted to have a premium price. Another result emerging from our study is the sensitivity of young people to the issue of mountain product brand and animal welfare, suggesting an interesting target to address.