bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Savoirs et connaissances savantes sur un déchet protéiforme : les mâchefers (France, XVI e -XXI e siècle)
Authors: Letté Michel 
Published: June 2021

Le terme mâchefer apparaît aux environs du xvi e siècle pour désigner le produit de la combustion des matières. D’abord déchet artisanal ou industriel, il est aujourd’hui issu pour l’essentiel de l’incinération des ordures ménagères. Une multitude de savoirs et de connaissances savantes lui sont associés au fil de ses usages, des expérimentations et de sa gestion à titre de déchet ou de matériau recyclable. Cet article a pour objet de procéder à l’inventaire de leurs formes et contenus afin de dégager les points saillants d’une production d’information technoscientifique désormais indispensable pour éclairer les usages et controverses dont les mâchefers sont l’objet au travers de leur réemploi, entre solution et problème.
La conceptualisation de l’organisation chez Norbert Wiener entre science et ontothéologie
Authors: Rappin Baptiste 
Published: June 2021

Si les Anciens voyaient le monde comme un cosmos , c’est-à-dire comme un tout harmonieusement arrangé, il semble bien que les Modernes y décelèrent plutôt un ensemble d’organisations. Comment s’est construit ce dernier concept ? Et comment le définir ? C’est à ces questions que le présent article tente de répondre, en montrant comment l’organisation fut d’abord le fruit de la réflexion des fondateurs de la biologie moderne, puis l’élaboration des cybernéticiens, qui la couplèrent à l’information dans la boucle de rétroaction. C’est dans ce cadre que nous nous pencherons plus précisément sur la pensée de Norbert Wiener.
Sustainable value co-creation as a vector for valuation brand equity
Authors: Mlika Nour El Houda , Debabi Dorsaf Dellech 
Published: June 2021

La co-création de valeur durable a un rôle crucial dans les pratiques de développement durable des entreprises, la nécessité d’une meilleure compréhension des conséquences de cette collaboration entre l’entreprise et ses clients est toujours d’actualité et nous renvoie à l’étude de son intérêt et de ses conséquences. Cette recherche vise à examiner l’impact des actions de co-création durable sur la réputation et le capital marque de l’entreprise. C’est dans ce sens que nous entreprenons cette recherche pour montrer dans quelle mesure le développement durable peut contribuer à améliorer la notoriété et l’image de marque de l’entreprise ? Une étude quantitative a été menée auprès de 84 clients « co-créateurs de valeur durable » dans le cadre d’une action menée par une société de services. Les résultats de cette recherche ont révélé que la co-création de valeur durable est un antécédent de la réputation de l’entreprise et a une influence positive sur celle-ci. De son côté, la réputation influence le capital de la marque. La relation entre ces deux variables est positivement influencée par la crédibilité de la marque. C’est en ce sens, que d’un point de vue managérial, cette recherche aidera les professionnels à mieux comprendre et anticiper les réactions comportementales des consommateurs co-créateurs en les invitant à participer au développement durable. Par ailleurs, le consommateur recherche un lien social dans le processus de co-création, il est donc important, pour l’entreprise, de le placer au centre de l’activité de co-création de valeur pour qu’il soit plus satisfait. Impliqué dans l’action il peut, ainsi, mieux juger l’entreprise.
Key consensus factors as a tool for project-oriented marketing organizations
Authors: Mesly Olivier , Réthoré Christophe 
Published: June 2021

Cet article présente les facteurs clés de consensus (FCC, ou en anglais KCF) qui contribuent à une confiance mutuelle et à une coopération efficace entre les parties prenantes des organisations marketing axées sur les projets qui aspirent à travailler ensemble pour assurer la réussite de l’entreprise. Les résultats des dix-huit entretiens semi-dirigés et des deux groupes de discussion que nous avons menés sur quatre ans nous amènent à proposer quatre facteurs clés de consensus (KCF) : 1) l’établissement de normes comportementales, y compris l’écoute mutuelle ; 2) le respect méticuleux de la triple contrainte calendrier tâches/activités, coûts et qualité ; 3) la mise en place d’un système de croyances communes avec un objectif clair en tête ; et 4) l’anticipation prudente des risques inattendus Cet article apporte une contribution empirique au concept de facteur clé de consensus (FCC), peu abordé dans la recherche en marketing et en gestion de projet, afin de lier les FCC aux notions plus traditionnelles de facteur clé de succès (FCS) et de facteur clé d’échec (FCE). Les études sur les FCS et les FCE sont très nombreuses, surtout dans le domaine de la gestion de projet, mais celles sur les FCC sont beaucoup plus rares. A notre connaissance, aucune recherche n’a encore essayé de lier FCC, FCS et FCE. Nous espérons que cette recherche aidera les organisations qui déploient des efforts significatifs en marketing pour mettre en œuvre leurs projets, car elle présente un modèle pratique qui peut guider leurs activités vers l’établissement de relations fructueuses entre toutes les parties prenantes, y compris le personnel et les clients. A cette fin, notre article comporte une liste de vérification qui vise à renforcer la cohésion à l’intérieur des organisations marketing axées sur les projets.
EVALUATION OF SMART BOOSTER FANS AND DAMPERS FOR ADVANCED HVAC SYSTEMS
Authors: Rezanejadzanjani Behdad , O’Brien Paul G. 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
There is potential to significantly reduce CO2 emissions by increasing the efficiency and reducing the duty cycle of HVAC systems by using smart booster fans and dampers. Smart booster fans fit in the vents within a home, operating quietly on low power (2W) to augment HVAC systems and improve their performance. In this study, a prototype duct system is used to measure and evaluate the ability for smart booster fans and dampers to control airflow to different vents for the purpose of increasing the efficiency of HVAC systems. Four case studies were evaluated: an HVAC system (1) without any fans or dampers, (2) with a fan installed in one vent, but without any dampers, (3) with dampers installed at the vents, but without any fans, and (4) with both fan and dampers installed. The results from both the experimental and numerical evaluation show that the smart booster fan and dampers can significantly improve the airflow at a vent that is underperforming. For example, the airflow at the last vent in a ducting branch was increased from 17 to 37 CFM when a smart booster fan was installed at this vent. Results from the numerical analysis show that for the case of an underperforming vent during the winter season the HVAC running time may be reduced from 24 hr/day to 5.6 hr/day. Furthermore, results from the numerical analysis show the HVAC running time is further reduced to 4.5 hr/day for cases 3 and 4.
AIR QUALITY IMPROVEMENT USING ORNAMENTAL PLANTS IN CLASSROOMS
Authors: Taemthong Wannawit 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this research is to investigate how indoor air quality might be improved by installing particular ornamental plants available in Thailand. Traditionally, ventilation fans have been used to encourage fresh air into living areas in order to reduce CO2 levels. This consumes more energy than using ornamental plants. Our research screens three types of ornamental plants and selects one to investigate its potential for enhancing indoor air quality by reducing carbon dioxide levels. The three plants are epipremnum aureum, spathiphyllum wallisei, and dieffenbachia sp. The propensity to reduce carbon dioxide levels of each plant was preliminary screened using a closed flux chamber method over a 24-hour period. It was found that epipremnum aureum had the ability to absorb carbon dioxide better than the others. The epipremnum aureum was then put in a classroom to investigate variables in two further experiments. The ability to improve air quality in terms of sensitivity to various light concentrations and the number of plants in the room are explored. It was found that epipremnum aureum should be placed within a distance of 1.5 meters from windows to achieve the appropriate light concentration to enhance indoor air quality. It was also found that 150 pots of epipremnum aureum had the propensity to reduce CO2 by 430 ppm in a classroom of 20 students for an 80-minute class. The use of sufficient amounts of epipremnum aureum can improve air quality in classrooms. A model to estimate numbers of such plants needed in classrooms is also presented.
EFFECT OF RECYCLED CONCRETE AGGREGATE, AIR ENTRAINING ADMIXTURE AND MAXIMUM AGGREGATE PARTICLE SIZE ON THE BEHAVIOR OF CONCRETE UNDER FREEZE-THAW CYCLES
Authors: Tarhan Yeşim , Şahin Remzi 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
This article presents freeze-thaw (F/T) resistance of concrete containing recycled concrete aggregate (RCA). RCA percentages of 15%, 30%, 45%, and 60% were replaced by natural aggregate. Air entraining admixture (AEA) with three different ratios (0.06%, 0.13%, and 0.20%) were used and three different maximum aggregate particle sizes (dmax = 16 mm, 22.4 mm and 31.5 mm) were selected. F/T resistances of the concretes were determined through the measurement of scaling on the surfaces of the samples placed in 3% NaCl solution in pursuance of TS CEN/TS 12390-9. It was observed that the compressive strength of the concretes decreased by 20% on average compared to the control samples with the increase in the amount of RCA. However, it was determined from the experiments that the use of RCA increases the F/T resistances of the concretes as it provides extra voids in the concrete and decreases capillary permeability. Within the limits of this study, dmax = 22.4 mm, RCA = 45% and AEA = 0.13% are recommended as the optimum values for F/T resistance of the concrete. It is also recommended to use RCA in pavement applications including roadways, highways, parking facilities, and other non-structural concrete elements subjected to severe winter conditions.
A REVIEW OF PROTOCOLS AND GUIDELINES ADDRESSING THE EXPOSURE OF OCCUPANTS TO ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD RADIATION (EMFR) IN BUILDINGS
Authors: Monadizadeh Shabnam , Kibert Charles J. , Li Jiaxuan , Woo Junghoon , Asutosh Ashish , Roostaie Samira , Kouhirostami Maryam 
Published: June 2021

HIGHLIGHTSABSTRACTA significant share of the technology that has emerged over the past several decades produces electromagnetic field (EMFR) radiation. Communications devices, household appliances, industrial equipment, and medical equipment and devices all produce EMFR with a variety of frequencies, strengths, and ranges. Some EMFR, such as Extremely Low Frequency (ELF), Radio Frequency (RF), and Ionizing Range (IR) radiation have been shown to have harmful effects on human health. Depending on the frequency and strength of the radiation, EMFR can have health effects at the cellular level as well as at brain, nervous, and cardiovascular levels. Health authorities have enacted regulations locally and globally to set critical values to limit the adverse effects of EMFR. By introducing a more comprehensive field of EMFR study and practice, architects and designers can design for a safer electromagnetic (EM) indoor environment, and, as building and construction specialists, will be able to monitor and reduce EM radiation. This paper identifies the nature of EMFR in the built environment, the various EMFR sources, and its human health effects. It addresses European and US regulations for EMFR in buildings and provides a preliminary action plan. The challenges of developing measurement protocols for the various EMFR frequency ranges and determining the effects of EMFR on building occupants are discussed. This paper argues that a mature method for measuring EMFR in building environments and linking these measurements to human health impacts will foster occupant health and lead to the adequate development of safeguards for occupants of buildings in future research.
Alterations in Fecal Microbiota in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Enteropathic Arthropathy
Authors: Balekuduru Avinash Bhat , Kabeerdoss Jayakanthan , Ramakrishna Balakrishnan Siddartha , Pugazhendhi Srinivasan , Devaraj Prabavathi , Goel Ruchika , Dutta Amit Kumar , Danda Debashish 
Published: June 2021

Objectives:
Inflammatory arthritis or enteropathic arthropathy (EA) is a common extra-intestinal manifestation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to determine whether EA in patients with IBD was associated with changes in the gut microbiome.

Methods:
Consecutive patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's disease (CD) were prospectively recruited and characterized. Stool samples were collected and real-time polymerase chain reaction targeting 16S ribosomal RNA genes was used to quantitate specific communities of “beneficial”; (Clostridium coccoides, bifidobacteria, and lactobacilli) or “aggressive” (Bacteroides and Enterobacteriaceae) bacterial flora. In 12 patients with UC and 12 with CD, fecal 16S ribosomal RNA gene was subjected to next-generation sequencing (NGS) and bacterial taxa were enumerated and compared between IBD patients with and without EA.

Results:
Sixty-eight patients with UC and 60 with CD were included in the study. Arthropathy was noted in 13 (21.6%) patients with CD and 11 (16.1%) patients with UC. Arthritis was peripheral in 12, axial in 7, and mixed in the rest. The most prevalent commensal bacteria in IBD patients were Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium. Enterobacteriaceae count was significantly higher in patients with UC than in CD. UC patients with EA had relatively higher Enterobacteriaceae and lesser C. coccoides than UC patients without EA. The NGS analyses showed a significant reduction in alpha diversity in patients with EA compared to IBD without EA. Patients with EA had significantly greater abundance of enterococci compared to IBD without EA.

Conclusions:
EA in IBD patients is characterized by gut microbiome changes including dysbiosis, reduction in alpha diversity, and increased abundance of enterococci.
Alarming rates of psychological problems among caregivers of pediatric kidney patients admitted during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown
Authors: Sharma Rajni , Kumar Krishan , Pilania Rakesh , Dawman Lesa , Kaur Navpreet , Sharma Rahul , Tiewsoh Karalanglin 
Published: June 2021

Introduction:
Caregivers of children with comorbidities suffer from various psychological problems. We envisage more such complications during this COVID-19 pandemic.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study to assess psychological issues in caregivers of children with kidney diseases, admitted during lockdown period in India was done. Psychological tools including Peritraumatic Distress Inventory (PDI), Insomnia Severity Index, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS II), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and a new “COVID Stress Survey Questionnaire” were used. Standard statistical analysis using SPSS Statistic 23 (IBM SPSS Statistics, New York, United States) was done.

Results:
Forty-seven caregivers (33 mothers; 14 fathers) were included. Of these, 33 (70.2%) experienced psychological distress. On PANAS, 45 (95.7%) scored below cut off on a positive affect and 42 (89.4%) scored above cut off on a negative effect. The DASS II score revealed that 38 (80.9%) reported mild stress, 23 (48.9%) severe anxiety, and 37 (78.7%) had moderate depression. Upper middle socioeconomic status caregivers reported more insomnia. Further, parents of children with acute kidney injury (AKI) or prolonged hospital stay scored higher on subjective distress and aversive feelings.

Conclusion:
We observed an alarming level of distress, insomnia, and anxiety among caregivers, more so in upper middle socioeconomic status, children with AKI and prolonged hospital stay. We suggest due counseling should be done.
Initial retrocolic endoscopic tunnel approach
Authors: Gureh Monika , Gupta Sanjay , Attri Ashok K. 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Complete mesocolic excision with central vascular ligation for colonic cancers improves overall survival. To achieve better short term and oncological results, different laparoscopic techniques have been described for right-sided colonic cancers. Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy by the Initial Retrocolic Endoscopic Tunnel Approach (IRETA) is proposed to be easy and offer desired oncological resection; we present our results with IRETA.

Patients and Methods:
The data of all patients who underwent right hemicolectomy by IRETA for colonic cancer between January 2019 and March 2020 were retrospectively analysed for demographics, clinical features, oncological completeness of resected specimen, complications, hospital stay, morbidity and mortality.

Results:
A total of eight patients (05 males and 03 females) were identified. The mean operating time was 190 ± 32.40 minutes. Margins of all resected specimens were free of tumour except for one in which retro-peritoneal circumferential resection margin was positive. On average 13.75 ± 2.63 lymph nodes were retrieved. Except for wound infection in one patient, no other morbidity was seen.

Conclusion:
Laparoscopic radical right hemicolectomy by IRETA is safe and gives desired oncological results.
Comparison of religiosity and spirituality in patients of depression with and without suicidal attempts
Authors: Dua Devakshi , Padhy Susanta , Grover Sandeep 
Published: June 2021

Aim:
This study is aimed to compare the religiosity and spirituality of patients with first-episode depression with suicidal ideation and those with recent suicidal attempts. Additional aim was compare the religiosity and spirituality of patients with first-episode depression with healthy controls.

Methods:
Patients of first episode depression with suicidal ideation and healthy controls were assessed by Centrality of Religiosity Scale (CRS), Duke University Religion Index (DUREL), Brief Religious coping scale (R-COPE), and Spiritual Attitude Inventory (SAI).

Results:
Patients with depression were divided into two groups based on the presence (n = 53) or absence (n = 62) of suicidal attempts in the previous 14 days. Both the patients with and without suicide attempts were matched for depression severity. Both the patient groups did not differ in terms of religiosity and spirituality as assessed using CRS and SAI. Both depression groups had lower scores on religiosity as compared to healthy controls as assessed on CRS. The two groups also had a lower score on the “sense of hope” which is a part of SAI, when compared to healthy controls. Compared to patients without suicide attempts (i.e., ideators group) and healthy controls, subjects with suicide attempts more often used negative religious coping. Total numbers of lifetime suicide attempts in the attempt group were associated with the ideology domain of the CRS.

Conclusion:
Compared with healthy controls, patients with depression have lower levels of religiosity and spirituality. In the presence of comparable severity of depression, higher use of negative religious coping is associated with suicide attempts.
Genetic diversity and population structure among indigenous and imported goat breeds in Kenya
Authors: Waineina Ruth W , Ngeno Kiplangat , Okeno Tobias O. , Ilatsia Evans D. 
Published: June 2021

Population structure and relationship information among goats is critical for genetic improvement, utilization, and conservation. This study explored population structure and level of introgression among four goat breeds in Kenya: the indigenous Galla (n = 12) and three imported breeds, the Alpine (n = 29), Toggenburg (n = 31), and Saanen (n = 24). Genetic diversity was analyzed using four indices (polymorphic SNPs, mean allele frequency, observed and expected heterozygosity and inbreeding coefficient) within each breed. Population structure assessed using model-based clustering (ADMIXTURE) revealed four breeds according to their geographic regions in Kenya. Kenyan Alpine goats were the most admixed breed with about 10 % of its genome derived from Galla, 10 % and 6 % from Saanen and Toggenburg respectively. The association of Galla with other breeds was anticipated since the Galla breed was used as the founder population for crossbreeding with Saanen, Alpine and Toggenburg breeds. The relationship information evaluated by computing Reynolds genetic distance revealed five distinctive clusters: Alpine, Galla, Saanen, Toggenburg and some mixture of Alpine and Toggenburg. Saanen and Galla breeds seem to be the most genetically distinct among the sampled populations. The genetic variation among the goat populations observed will provide a good opportunity for sustainable utilization, conservation, and future genetic resource improvement programmes in goat breeds in Kenya.
STUDI PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DIRECT INSTRUCTION KELAS X TKJ SMK NEGERI 1 BOYOLANGU
Authors: Ahmad Mubarok  , Batriyana Ayu Puspitasari  
Published: June 2021

Model pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan tujuan pembelajaran, materi yang diajarkan, dan karakteristik siswa, membuat proses belajar mengajar tercapai dengan optimal. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan diskriptif kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian penelitian lapangan (Field Research). Data yang dipaparkan merupakan data tentang model pembelajaran yang masing-masing informan gunakan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMK Negeri 1 Boyolangu Kabupaten Tulungagung dengan notaben sekolah dengan prestasi tinggi terutama dijurusan Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan. Hasil penelitian dapat digunakan sebagai rujukan untuk meningkatan kualitas Standar Kompetensi Lulusan pada satuan pendidikan menengah kejuruan lainnya. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa 4 (empat) informan menggunakan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) dan 1 (satu) informan menggunakan model pembelajaran Direct Instruction (DI). Sehingga model pembelajaran yang paling tinggi tingkat penggunaanya adalah yang adalah model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) dengan empat dari lima informan menggunakan model pembelajaran tersebut.
Evaluation of Herbicidal Potential of Eucalyptus spp for Biological Control of Dactyloctenium aegyptium L.
Authors: Ehtaiwesh Amal 
Published: June 2021

Pots culture experiment was conducted to evaluates the herbicidal potential of Eucalyptus spp. (aceae) on growth of Dactyloctenium aegyptium L. (Poaceae). Leaves extract with concentrations of 10, 20 and 40% of Eucalyptus plant were applied as soil and foliar application to seeds and seedlings of D. aegyptium species. The result indicated that the application of Eucalyptus leaves extracts caused significant reduction in germination traits, root and shoot length, seedling fresh and dry weights. Also, the result revealed that the Inhibitory effect of Eucalyptus extract on D. aegyptium L was more noticeable in plant growth traits than on germination traits. Results show that among the different concentration of Eucalyptus leave extracts used in this study, 40% was the most toxic and caused the significant effect on germination and growth traits of Dactyloctenium aegyptium. Application of 40% of Eucalyptus leave extract decreased germination percentage by 30%, mean daily germination by 45%, shoot length by 38%. root length by 54%, number of branches by 61%, number of leavesby59%, seedling fresh weights by 23%, seedling dry weights by 62% and seedling vigor index by 60%. The results of this study concluded that the use of Eucalyptus plants have the potential to be developed further as a bio-herbicide system to control weed such as Dactyloctenium aegyptium L. However, more researches are needed to evaluate the negative impact of Eucalyptus on crop growth.