bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Seattle, Washington: October 2019–April 2020
Authors: McCulloch Denise J. , Jackson Michael L. , Hughes James P. , Lester Sandra , Mills Lisa , Freeman Brandi , Rasheed Mohammad Ata Ur , Thornburg Natalie J. , Chu Helen Y. 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundThe first US case of SARS-CoV-2 infection was detected on January 20, 2020. However, some serology studies suggest SARS-CoV-2 may have been present in the United States prior to that, as early as December 2019. The extent of domestic COVID-19 detection prior to 2020 has not been well-characterized.ObjectivesTo estimate the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody among healthcare users in the greater Seattle, Washington area from October 2019 through early April 2020.Study designWe tested residual samples from 766 Seattle-area adults for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies utilizing an ELISA against prefusion-stabilized Spike (S) protein.ResultsNo antibody-positive samples were found between October 2, 2019 and March 13, 2020. Prevalence rose to 1.2% in late March and early April 2020.ConclusionsThe absence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody-positive samples in October 2019 through mid-March, 2020, provides evidence against widespread circulation of COVID-19 among healthcare users in the Seattle area during that time. A small proportion of this metropolitan-area cohort had been infected with SARS-CoV-2 by spring of 2020.
Undiagnosed hypertension and associated factors among bank workers in Bahir Dar City, Northwest, Ethiopia, 2020. A cross-sectional study
Authors: Dejenie Mekdes , Kerie Sitotaw , Reba Kidist 
Published: May 2021

Background
Undiagnosed hypertension is defined as individuals who were hypertensive but did not report having been told by a health professional that they have hypertension. It is an important risk factor for development of chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. Despite those problems and benefits of finding individuals with undiagnosed hypertension to prevent its outcomes, no enough investigations have been done regarding the prevalence and associated factors of undiagnosed hypertension. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension and its associated factors among bank workers in Ethiopia.

Methods
An institutional based cross-sectional study was held at Bahir Dar city bank workers. The simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Self-administered structured questionnaire and physical measurement were used to collect data. The data were entered into EPI data 3.1 versions and exported to SPSS version 23.0 statistical software for further analysis. In order to decide the association between independent and dependent variables; multivariate logistic regression analysis was implemented. A P-value of < 0.05 was used as the criterion for statistical significance and OR with 95% confidence interval was used to indicate the strength of association.

Result
In this study from a total of 524 participants 513 were completed the questionnaire correctly, which gives a response rate of 97.9%. The overall prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension among bank workers was 24.8% with (95% CI 21.1–28.5). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that age 35–44 [AOR = 2.56, 95% CI: (1.60–4.09)], being male [AOR = 3.61, 95% CI: (1.84–7.05)], having moderate knowledge [AOR = 3.81, 95% CI: (2.29–6.34)], having poor knowledge [AOR = 6.19, 95% CI: (3.07-)12.48], and being physically inactivity [AOR = 2.91, 95% CI: (1.26–6.76)] were variables significantly associated with undiagnosed hypertension.

Conclusion
The prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension among bank workers in Bahir Dar city was found to be high. An age group of 35–44 years, being male, having moderate and poor knowledge and being physically inactivity was the variables that were significantly associated with undiagnosed hypertension. Therefore, creating awareness, frequent screening and implementation of an appropriate intervention for this vulnerable group is important.
Synthetische Kennfelder für die Energieverbrauchssimulation von Kraftfahrzeugen
Authors: Kaiser Alexander 
Published: May 2021

Zusammenfassung
Durch ein reales Kennfeld werden die nichtlinearen Input-Output-Beziehungen eines Verbrennungsmotors (Verbrauch – Leistung) abgebildet, sodass damit in einem Simulationsmodell der tatsächliche Verbrauch exakt berechenbar ist. In diesem Beitrag wird der alternative Einsatz eines synthetischen Kennfelds für den Fall beschrieben, dass das reale Kennfeld nicht zur Verfügung steht, aber der Durchschnittsverbrauch (Liter/km) eines Fahrzeugs bekannt ist. Damit dieser auch als Simulationsergebnis ermittelt wird, müssen verschiedene Parameter des synthetischen Kennfelds zuvor kalibriert werden. Hierzu wird ein neues Verfahren im Hauptteil des Beitrags vorgestellt.
Multivariate radial symmetry of copula functions: finite sample comparison in the i.i.d case
Authors: Billio Monica , Frattarolo Lorenzo , Guégan Dominique 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Given a d-dimensional random vector X = (X
1, . . ., X

d
), if the standard uniform vector U obtained by the component-wise probability integral transform (PIT) of X has the same distribution of its point reflection through the center of the unit hypercube, then X is said to have copula radial symmetry. We generalize to higher dimensions the bivariate test introduced in [11], using three different possibilities for estimating copula derivatives under the null. In a comprehensive simulation study, we assess the finite-sample properties of the resulting tests, comparing them with the finite-sample performance of the multivariate competitors introduced in [17] and [1].
On the dynamics and control of a new fractional difference chaotic map
Authors: Bendoukha Samir 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we propose and study a fractional Caputo-difference map based on the 2D generalized Hénon map. By means of numerical methods, we use phase plots and bifurcation diagrams to investigate the rich dynamics of the proposed map. A 1D synchronization controller is proposed similar to that of Pecora and Carrol, whereby we assume knowledge of one of the two states at the slave and replicate the second state. The stability theory of fractional discrete systems is used to guarantee the asymptotic convergence of the proposed controller and numerical simulations are employed to confirm the findings.
On Decontextualization and Recontextualization in East Asian Cultural Interactions: Some Methodological Reflections
Authors: Chun-chieh Huang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In the history of cultural interaction in East Asia, decontextualization and recontextualization can readily be observed in the exchanges of texts, people, and ideas among the different regions. When a text, person, or idea is transmitted from its home country into another country, it is first decontextualized and then recontextualized into the new cultural environment. These processes of decontextualization and recontextualization I refer to as “a contextual turn.” The present paper discusses methodological problems involved in the study of decontextualization and recontextualization. Section 1 introduces the paper. Section 2 then clarifies that “East Asia” is not an abstract term ranging over the countries of China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam, but rather refers to the dynamic, real process of concrete cultural interactions among these living cultures. On the dramatic stage of these interactions, China plays the role of the significant other to the many other actors. China is certainly not the sole conductor of the symphony of East Asia. Section 3 shows that the methodology of the history of ideas can be used when studying the phenomena of decontextualization. But one can easily become ensnared in what I call “the blind spot of textualism.” Section 4 provides an analytic discussion of an effective methodology for studying recontextualization that involves looking at the concrete exchange of texts, people, and ideas against a specific historical background, and then highlighting the subjective emotions of the intermediate agents in these cultural exchanges as the agents navigate the processes of decontextualization and recontextualization. This paper concludes by stressing that East Asian cultural interactions are dynamic processes and not static structures. Therefore, in our study of the history of cultural interactions in East Asia, we must seek a dynamic equilibrium between textualism and contextualism, as well as between fact and value or emotion.
The equivalent parameter conditions for constructing multiple integral half-discrete Hilbert-type inequalities with a class of nonhomogeneous kernels and their applications
Authors: He Bing , Hong Yong , Chen Qiang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we establish equivalent parameter conditions for the validity of multiple integral half-discrete Hilbert-type inequalities with the nonhomogeneous kernel

G

(

n

λ

1

∥
x

∥

m
,
ρ

λ

2

)

G\left({n}^{{\lambda }_{1}}\parallel x{\parallel }_{m,\rho }^{{\lambda }_{2}}\hspace{-0.16em})

(

λ

1

λ

2

>
0

{\lambda }_{1}{\lambda }_{2}\gt 0

) and obtain best constant factors of the inequalities in specific cases. In addition, we also discuss their applications in operator theory.
Photon recycling in perovskite solar cells and its impact on device design
Authors: Raja Waseem , De Bastiani Michele , Allen Thomas G. , Aydin Erkan , Razzaq Arsalan , Rehman Atteq ur , Ugur Esma , Babayigit Aslihan , Subbiah Anand S. , Isikgor Furkan H. , De Wolf Stefaan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Metal halide perovskites have emerged in recent years as promising photovoltaic materials due to their excellent optical and electrical properties, enabling perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with certified power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) greater than 25%. Provided radiative recombination is the dominant recombination mechanism, photon recycling – the process of reabsorption (and re-emission) of photons that result from radiative recombination – can be utilized to further enhance the PCE toward the Shockley–Queisser (S-Q) theoretical limit. Geometrical optics can be exploited for the intentional trapping of such re-emitted photons within the device, to enhance the PCE. However, this scheme reaches its fundamental diffraction limits at the submicron scale. Therefore, introducing photonic nanostructures offer attractive solutions to manipulate and trap light at the nanoscale via light coupling into guided modes, as well as localized surface plasmon and surface plasmon polariton modes. This review focuses on light-trapping schemes for efficient photon recycling in PSCs. First, we summarize the working principles of photon recycling, which is followed by a review of essential requirements to make this process efficient. We then survey photon recycling in state-of-the-art PSCs and propose design strategies to invoke light-trapping to effectively exploit photon recycling in PSCs. Finally, we formulate a future outlook and discuss new research directions in the context of photon recycling.
The Expansion of Peer-to-Peer Lending
Authors: Havrylchyk Olena , Mariotto Carlotta , Rahim Talal , Verdier Marianne 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We use data from the two leading US platforms, Prosper and Lending Club, to explore the drivers of the growing consumer demand for peer-to-peer (P2P) credit. Despite the online nature of new entrants, we rely on the spatial autoregressive model because spatial effects play an important role. Our findings suggest that the initial growth of P2P lending was spurred by the global financial crisis, but its growth after 2011 occurred in counties that were underserved by bank branches. The growth of P2P lending is slower in counties with high bank concentration and this factor is the most robust, stable over time and economically important in our study. Counties with lower population density, lower share of educated and young people experience lower growth of P2P lending, consistent with the hypothesis that learning costs deter the entry of new entrants.
Sinai: Tourism, Colonialism, and Sea
Authors: Khalil Rania Lee 
Published: May 2021

This video article examines the author’s embodied research in the Sinai region of the Egyptian Red Sea. It asks how embodied research can interrupt touristic and capitalistic frameworks of experiencing land and seascapes to better understand our collective responsibility to the indigenous humans and wildlife who’s habitats are claimed by tourism. It considers the ways in which embodied research is uniquely suited to support postcolonial ecological inquiry.Arguing against environmental discourse which separates land and animal conservation from the indigenous humans who have lived among them for centuries, this video article considers the multiple losses suffered by the Bedouin peoples of the Sinai- from the annexation of Bedouin lands by nation states including Egypt and Israel, to neoliberal development schemes which displace them and their ancestral nomadic routes. This video article considers devastation to the environment from the countries, colonization and institutions directly affecting their food sources, homes and livelihoods.The author joins a legacy of artists of color examining the touristic within their own countries. Blending critical race theory and environmental criticism by scholars of color, the author rethinks the normalizing of extractive underwater practices and reflects on the ways in which tourism, scuba diving and commercial fishing extend colonial structures of invasion.Conducted between 2013 and 2016, this research took place just before new massive touristic development began in the area. This video article looks across political, historical and environmental landscapes to reflect on life and loss within Sinai’s interspecies communities.Problematizing embodied practices and methodologies which invisibilize the lived experiences of BIPOC peoples, the author proposes a more politically integrated somatics through which to re-sense human bodies as extensions of our earth. This article reflects on possibilities for using embodied research for more sustainable futures.2021
Worthy Victims
Authors: Gill Simron 
Published: May 2021

This article discusses neoliberalism in the context of humanitarian communication with a particular emphasis placed towards the self. The neoliberal self combines features of entrepreneurship and consumerismwith the contemporary discourse of ‘doing our part’.
To combat such criticism, an argument has been advanced that we must be more open to the experiences, histories, cultures, and identities of individuals that are different from ourselves. This does not mean that we should accept injustice in the name of culture. This also does not mean that we should narrow our understanding of difference whereby problems of the other ‘just happen to be’. It does mean, however, that dialogue is a crucial component of understanding needs and realising that not only does justice look different in other communities, but within our highly globalised and capitalist societies no problem is solely self-determined.
Self-reflexive knowledge that discloses the sources and limits of power is therefore a key factor in moving away from a system that requires one to be identified as poor. Crucially, what this article hopes to advocate is a form of communication that is centred on a normative ethics of care.
Technology Focus: Completions (April 2021)
Authors: Lehr Doug 
Published: May 2021

In the 2020 Completions Technology Focus, I stated that digitization will forever change how the most complex problems in our industry are solved. And, despite another severe downturn in the upstream industry, data science continues to provide solutions for complex unconventional well problems.

Casing Damage
Casing collapse is an ongoing problem and almost always occurs in the heel of the well. It prevents passage of frac plugs and milling tools. Forcing a frac plug through the collapsed section damages the plug, predisposing it to failure, which leads to more casing damage and poor stimulation. One team has developed a machine-learning (ML) model showing a positive correlation between zones with high fracturing gradients and collapsed casing. The objective is a predictive tool that enables a completion design that avoids these zones.

Fracture-Driven Interactions (FDIs) Can Be Avoided in Real Time
Pressurized fracturing fluids from one well can communicate with fractures in a nearby well or can intersect that well-bore. Such FDIs can occur while fracturing a child well and can negatively affect production in the parent well. FDIs are caused by well spacing, depletion, or completion design but, until recently, were not quickly diagnosed. Analytics and machine learning now are being used to analyze streaming data sets during a frac job to detect FDIs. A recently piloted detection system alerts the operator in real time, which enables avoidance of FDIs on the fly.
Data Science Provides the Tools Analyzing casing damage and FDIs is a complex task involving large amounts of data already available or easily acquired. Tools such as ML perform the data analysis and enable decision making. Data science is enabling the unconventional “onion” to be peeled many layers at a time.
Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.
SPE 199967 - Artificial Intelligence for Real-Time Monitoring of Fracture-Driven Interactions and Simultaneous Completion Optimization by Hayley Stephenson, Baker Hughes, et al.
SPE 201615 - Novel Completion Design To Bypass Damage and Increase Reservoir Contact: A Middle Magdalena, Central Colombian Case History by Rosana Polo, Oxy, et al.
SPE 202966 - Well Completion Optimization in Canada Tight Gas Fields Using Ensemble Machine Learning by Lulu Liao, Sinopec, et al.
Bacteria associated with vascular wilt of poplar
Authors: Kwasna Hanna , Szewczyk Wojciech , Baranowska Marlena , Behnke-Borowczyk Jolanta 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In 2017, the 560-ha area of hybrid poplar plantation in northern Poland showed symptoms of tree decline. Leaves appeared smaller, turned yellow-brown, and were shed prematurely. Twigs and smaller branches died. Bark was sunken and discolored, often loosened and split. Trunks decayed from the base. Phloem and xylem showed brown necrosis. Ten per cent of trees died in 1–2 months. None of these symptoms was typical for known poplar diseases. Bacteria in soil and the necrotic base of poplar trunk were analysed with Illumina sequencing. Soil and wood were colonized by at least 615 and 249 taxa. The majority of bacteria were common to soil and wood. The most common taxa in soil were: Acidobacteria (14.757%), Actinobacteria (14.583%), Proteobacteria (36.872) with Betaproteobacteria (6.516%), Burkholderiales (6.102%), Comamonadaceae (2.786%), and Verrucomicrobia (5.307%).The most common taxa in wood were: Bacteroidetes (22.722%) including Chryseobacterium (5.074%), Flavobacteriales (10.873%), Sphingobacteriales (9.396%) with Pedobacter cryoconitis (7.306%), Proteobacteria (73.785%) with Enterobacteriales (33.247%) including Serratia (15.303%) and Sodalis (6.524%), Pseudomonadales (9.829%) including Pseudomonas (9.017%), Rhizobiales (6.826%), Sphingomonadales (5.646%), and Xanthomonadales (11.194%). Possible pathogens were Pseudomonas, Rhizobium and Xanthomonas. The initially endophytic character of bacteria is emphasized. Soil and possibly planting material might be the sources of pathogen inoculum.
Utilization of Electric Arc Furnace Dust as a Solid Catalyst in Biodiesel Production
Authors: Khodary Khaled El-Araby , Naeem Marwa Mohamed , Roushdy Mai Hassan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
World’s energy sources like petrochemical oils, natural gas and coal cause global warming and environmental pollution. Therefore, the traditional energy sources must be replaced by the renewable energy resources. Biodiesel has been recognized as one of the effective, green, renewable and sustainable fuels. This paper investigates the production of biodiesel from sunflower oil by using electric arc furnace dust (EAFD) as a heterogeneous solid catalyst. Four reaction variables i.e. the reaction time, methanol to oil (M:O) molar ratio, reaction temperature, and EAFD loading were chosen to determine their effect on biodiesel production. The effect of the all reaction variables on the biodiesel yield was evaluated using response surface methodology (RSM). A relation has been developed representing the biodiesel conversion as function of all the independent variables. Reaction conditions optimization have been studied for the biodiesel yield maximization and the reaction conditions minimization. The optimum biodiesel yield equals 96 % at reaction temperature of 57 o C, Methanol to oil molar ratio of 20:1, and reaction time of 1h, and EAFD loading of 5%.
The Level of Care Needs of Patients With Cancer and the Time-dependent Burden on Their Family Caregivers in Home Palliative Care: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Otsuki Naoko , Yamamoto Ryohei , Sakaguchi Yukihiro , Masukawa Kento , Morita Tatsuya , Kizawa Yoshiyuki , Tsuneto Satoru , Shima Yasuo , Fukui Sakiko , Miyashita Mitsunori 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
PurposeAlthough home care improves patients' quality of life (QOL), several studies have suggested that home care lowers the QOL and mortality of family caregivers. To alleviate the deleterious impact of home care on caregivers, the major burdens on caregivers and the clinical characteristics of the caregivers vulnerable to the major burden needs to be clarified. MethodA survey questionnaire was distributed to 710 family caregivers of patients with cancer in Japan, and 342 valid responses were obtained (valid response rate: 48.2%). The Burden Index of Caregivers was used to identify the major burden on caregivers. To assess the associations of the patients' care needs level and other clinically relevant factors with the major burden, a multivariable-adjusted logistic regression model was used. ResultsThe time-dependent burden was identified as a major burden. An adjusted model showed a non-linear association between the care needs level and the time-dependent burden, in which the caregivers of the patients who required moderate care needs level had the highest time-dependent burden [adjusted odds ratio of none, mild, moderate, and severe care needs levels: 0.50 (95% confidence interval 0.07–2.12), 1.08 (0.43–2.57), 1.87 (1.01–3.52), and 1.00 (reference), respectively]. Additionally, older patients and younger caregivers were significantly associated with a time-dependent burden. ConclusionThe time-dependent burden was highest in caregivers at the moderate care needs level and younger caregivers. An imbalance between the demand and supply of care services may be improved by considering the clinical characteristics of both patients and caregivers.