bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water balance computation and water quality improvement evaluation for Yanghe Basin in a semiarid area of North China using coupled MIKE SHE/MIKE 11 modeling
Authors: Liu Ruifen , Li Zeshi , Xin Xiaokang , Liu Defu , Zhang Jialei , Yang Zhengjian 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Water shortage and water pollution are two prominent issues in North China. Understanding hydrological cycle and water quality changes in response to pollution control measures is fundamental for a better water management there. Using coupled MIKE SHE/MIKE 11 modeling, various hydrological components in Yanghe Basin in a semiarid area of North China were quantified for three typical hydrological years and concentrations of COD and TP in a national monitoring section of Yanghe were evaluated with/without pollution control measures. The modeling results show that the underground water storage of Yanghe Basin becomes depleted due to evapotranspiration compensation and groundwater utilization regardless of hydrological condition, indicating an unsustainable in-situ water resource utilization. Water quality goals set for Yanghe (COD ≤ 20 mg/L and TP ≤ 0.2 mg/L) can hardly be achieved if pollution control measures are not taken, especially for a dry hydrological year. Depending on hydrological conditions, non-point source control technology-related projects in a 109-km2 village and a 7-km river-channel wetland in mainstream of Yanghe will have a positive effect or negligible effect on water quality improvement. To meet water quality goals, implementation of three wetlands is an effective and economic way.
Methylated mud snail protein as a bio-flocculant for high turbidity wastewater treatment
Authors: Mao Shaohui , Xu Xiaohui , Zhang Linjiang , Bai Bo , Hu Na , Wang Honglun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The authors reported a potential candidate methylated mud snail protein (MeMsp) as an effective and eco-friendly flocculant to treat the high turbidity wastewater. MeMsp was obtained by extraction of mud snail protein (Msp) through isoelectric precipitation (PSC-IP) and then methylated via the esterification with side-chain carboxyl. Structural characterization of FT-IR, zeta potential and elemental analysis were carried out and further confirmed the successful of the methylation. Flocculation experiments with kaolin suspension simulated wastewater indicated that MeMsp-24 displayed more excellent flocculation efficiency at a low dosage. At the optimum dosage 27 mg/L, the maximum clarification efficiency of MeMsp-24 was 97.46% under pH 7.0. Furthermore, MeMsp-24 exhibited a wide flocculation window in the pH range 1.0–9.0, and faster sedimentation velocity and larger flocs size. In addition, MeMsp-24 exhibited 92.12% clarification efficiency in treating railway tunnel construction effluent. The flocculation kinetic and mechanism analysis revealed that the most effective particle collision occurred at the optimal dosage, with charge neutralization and adhesion playing irreplaceable roles in different environments, respectively. Therefore, through extraction and methylation modification, MeMsp could be a promising eco-friendly flocculant for high turbidity wastewater treatment.
Chidamide Inhibits Cell Proliferation via the PI3K/AKT Pathway in K562 Cells Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation
Authors: Liang Simin , Zhou Xiaojia , Cai Duo , Rodrigues-Lima Fernando , Wang Li 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Chidamide, a novel benzamide-type histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, exerts antitumor
effects on several types of cancer. However, the role of Chidamide in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)
remains elusive. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of Chidamide on CML cell proliferation
and explore its underlying mechanism.

Methods:
Cell proliferation was assessed by CCK-8 assay, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were detected
by flow cytometry and the expression of related proteins was evaluated by western blot analysis. The potential
mechanisms were systematically explored by the network-based pharmacological methods, including Gene Ontology
and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses.

Results:
The results revealed that Chidamide inhibited the proliferation of K562 cells in a dose- and time-dependent
manner. In addition, Chidamide blocked cells in the G0/G1 phase via downregulating cyclin-dependent kinase
4, and induced apoptosis via upregulating Bax and downregulating of Bcl-2. Additionally, using network-
based pharmacological methods, we found that PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is involved and significantly
related to cell proliferation in CML. Intriguingly, cell treatment with Chidamide suppressed the activation of
the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway via decreasing the levels of
phosphorylated (p)-PI3K and p-AKT. Moreover, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), a PI3K/AKT activator, reversed
the inhibitory effects of Chidamide on K562 cell proliferation.

Conclusion:
The study demonstrated that Chidamide may inhibit the proliferation of K562 cells by promoting
cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via suppressing the PI3K/AKT pathway, suggesting that Chidamide could be a
promising approach to the treatment of CML.
Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibition in the Treatment of Preclinical Models and Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Steinmaurer Anja , Wimmer Isabella , Berger Thomas , Rommer Paulus S , Sellner Johann 
Published: July 2021

:Significant progress has been made to understand the immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) over recent years. Successful clinical trials with CD20-depleting monoclonal antibodies have corroborated the fundamental role of B cells in the pathogenesis of MS and reinforced the notion that cells of the B cell lineage are an attractive treatment target. Therapeutic inhibition of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), an enzyme involved in B cell and myeloid cell activation and function, is regarded as a next-generation approach that aims to attenuate both errant innate and adaptive immune functions. Moreover, brain-penetrant BTK inhibitors may impact compartmentalized inflammation and neurodegeneration within the central nervous system by targeting brain-resident B cells and microglia, respectively. Preclinical studies in animal models of MS corroborated an impact of BTK inhibition on meningeal inflammation and cortical demyelination. Notably, BTK inhibition attenuated the antigen-presenting capacity of B cells and the generation of encephalitogenic T cells. Evobrutinib, a selective oral BTK inhibitor, has been tested recently in a phase 2 study of patients with relapsing-remitting MS. The study met the primary endpoint of a significantly reduced cumulative number of Gadolinium-enhancing lesions under treatment with evobrutinib compared to placebo treatment. Thus, the results of ongoing phase 2 and 3 studies with evobrutinib, fenobrutinib, and tolebrutinib in relapsing-remitting and progressive MS are eagerly awaited. This review article introduces the physiological role of BTK, summarizes the pre-clinical and trial evidence, and addresses the potential beneficial effects of BTK inhibition in MS.
Oxidative Stress in the Early Stage of Psychosis
Authors: Ventriglio Antonio , Bellomo Antonello , Donato Favale , Iris Bonfitto , Giovanna Vitrani , Dario Di Sabatino , Edwige Cuozzo , Di Gioia Ilaria  , Pettorruso Mauro , Perna Giampaolo , Valchera Alessandro , De Berardis Domenico 
Published: July 2021

Background:In the past few decades, increasing evidence in the literature has appeared describing the role of the antioxidant defense system and redox signaling in the multifactorial pathophysiology of psychosis. It is of interest to clinicians and researchers alike that abnormalities of the antioxidant defense system are associated with alterations of cellular membranes, immune functions and neurotransmission, all of which have some clinical implications.Methods:This narrative review summarizes the evidence regarding oxidative stress in the early stages of psychosis. We included 136 peer-reviewed articles published from 2007 to 2020 on PubMed EMBASE, The Cochrane Library and Google Scholar.Results:Patients affected by psychotic disorders show a decreased level of non-enzymatic antioxidants, an increased level of lipid peroxides, nitric oxides, and a homeostatic imbalance of purine catabolism. In particular, a significantly reduced antioxidant defense has been described in the early onset first episode of psychosis, including reduced levels of glutathione. Also, it has been shown that a decreased basal low-antioxidant capacity correlates with cognitive deficits and negative symptoms, mostly related to glutamate-receptor hypofunction. In addition, atypical antipsychotic drugs seem to show significant antioxidant activity. These factors are critical in order to treat cases of first-onset psychosis effectively.Conclusion:This systematic review indicates the importance that must be given to anti-oxidant defense systems.
2',6'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy Dihydrochalcone Improves the Cognitive Impairment of Alzheimer's Disease: A Structure-activity Relationship Study
Authors: Gonçalves Ana E. , Malheiros Ângela , Casarin Camila A. , de França Lara , Palomino-Salcedo David L. , Ferreira Leonardo L. G. , Andricopulo Adriano D. , Dávila-Rodríguez María J. , Lacava Leticia C. , de Oliveira Aldo S. , de Souza Marcia M. 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Chalcones and dihydrochalcones present potent inhibition of acetylcholinesterase,
currently considered the most efficient approach for symptomatic treatment of
Alzheimer’s disease.

Objective:
The present study aimed to explore the potential benefits of 2',6'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy
dihydrochalcone on the cognitive deficits of animals submitted to the streptozotocin-induced
Alzheimer's model, as well as evaluating the possible mechanisms of action.

Methods:
Learning and memory functions of different groups of animals were submitted to the
streptozotocin-induced Alzheimer's model (STZ 2.5 mg/mL, i.c.v.) and subsequently treated with
2',6'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy dihydrochalcone (DHMDC) administered at doses of 5, 15, and 30
mg/kg (p.o.), respectively. Rivastigmine (0,6 mg/kg, i.p.) and vehicle were evaluated in aversive
memory test (inhibitory avoidance test) and spatial memory test (object recognition test). Molecular
docking simulations were performed to predict the binding mode of DHMDC at the peripheral
site of AChE, to analyze noncovalent enzyme-ligand interactions. DFT calculations were carried
out to study well-known acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and DHMDC.

Results:
DHMDC markedly increased the learning and memory of mice. STZ caused a significant
decline of spatial and aversive memories in mice, attenuated by DHMDC (15 and 30 mg/kg). Furthermore,
STZ conspicuously increased lipid peroxidation and compromised the antioxidant levels
in mice brains. DHMDC pretreatment significantly increased GSH activity and other oxidative
stress markers and decreased TBARS level in the brain of STZ administered mice. AChE activity
was significantly decreased by DHMDC in the brain of mice.

Conclusion:
The results together point out that DHMDC may be a useful drug in the management
of dementia.
The Islamic Perspective on The Improvement of Family Economy in The New Normal
Authors: Budiman Iskandar 
Published: July 2021

This paper concerns with how to build a balance of rights and obligations of husband and wife in fulfilling the economic needs of the family, especially in unusual circumstances. The paper aims to give an overall picture of the authority of the husband and wife regarding the domestic and public rights in the family, as well as to deal with the issue on family economy during the Covid-19 pandemic. The study of this paper used the explorative-qualitative research methods, with data obtained by disseminating questionnaires and studying documents related to the responsibilities carried out by the husband and wife. An initial investigation was conducted by taking into account the provisions stipulated in the formal legality of positive law. The data were then analyzed by utilizing a descriptive phenomenological approach through the interpretation of the data obtained from observation, interview, documentation, and literature review. The findings of this study indicate that men and women have equal rights. The concept of nature show that there is normative justification between husband and wife, stating that the domestic responsibilities are closely related to the shared rights and obligations that are balanced within the family and society, and that both husband and wife have the same rights in taking legal actions. In this new normal era, to strengthen the economically weak family in the community requires joint co-operation between the husband and wife so that they can meet the needs of the family and create a harmonious family.
The Tradition of Tulak Breuh as a Fidyah of Prayer in Aceh Besar Society: A Study of Law Theology
Authors: Hakim Lukman , Long Ahmad Sunawari 
Published: July 2021

Tulak Breuh is a customary practice related to Islamic law and theology in the social life of the Acehnese people. This article discusses the discourse on fidyah of prayer in fiqh, the practice of the tulak breuh tradition, and the analysis of law theology on the practice of tulak breuh tradition. The methods of study combine library research and field research simultaneously. Data collection techniques were conducted through interviews and literature studies. From the results of research conducted, it is found that there are two opinions of ulema regarding the fidyah of prayer. The first is the Hanafi madhab and some of the Shafi'iyah ulema who allow the practice of fidyah of prayer. The second is Maliki, Hanbali, and Shafi'i madhab (a strong mu'tamad) do not allow the practice of fidyah of prayer. The opinion that allows fidyah of prayer is based on the qiyas of the existence of fidyah for people who leave fasting and the fact that everyone must have left his prayer during his lifetime. Meanwhile, those who claim there is no fidyah for prayer are due to the strict prohibition against leaving prayer and there is unacceptable for a Muslim to leave a prayer. A special team, who is intentionally invited to pay fidyah when someone dies, organizes the implementation of tulak breuh tradition. The implementation of tulak breuh is done by handing over the amount of rice in turn as a substitute for the missed prayers by the deceased. However, theologically, the tulak breuh tradition can have implications for the emergence of a permissive attitude towards prayer as one of the pillars of Islam. Because this tradition provides opportunities and concerns, a lay believer can quickly leave prayer because he is sure that his heirs will redeem his missed prayers with fidyah when he dies.
Legal Pluralism within The Space of Sharia: Interlegality of Criminal Law Traditions in Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Sumardi Dedy , Lukito Ratno , Ichwan Moch Nur 
Published: July 2021

This article aims to analyze various legal traditions working within the implementation of Islamic law after special autonomy in Aceh. Although Aceh's legal system follows the national legal system derived from civil law, diverse legal traditions still exist. The scope of this study is limited to the interaction of Aceh's legal traditions by taking the construction of juvenile and immoral criminal law and describing the social authorities who also operate the legal tradition to the parties in the case. This study presents the results using a case study model. Data obtained from interviews and documentation, analyzed using an interlegality approach. Based on the results of data analysis, it was found that the dialectic of legal traditions is determined by the role of actors acting as companions for victims to ensure that the rights of victims are not neglected. The traditions of Islamic law, customary law, and laws for protecting women and children are used interchangeably. The effort to combine these three legal traditions was carried out to obtain justice and guarantee the fulfillment of the victim's civil rights, such as the right to continue education, to relieve the trauma caused by the psychological pressure. The amalgamation of legal traditions in Aceh is an effective way to achieve justice for women and children and the construction of new laws to develop a national legal system that favors the interests of victims.
A IDEOLOGIA DA MODERNIZAÇÃO TRABALHISTA NA FORMAÇÃO SOCIAL BRASILEIRA
Authors: Lara Ricardo , Diogo Pablo Ramon 
Published: July 2021

O artigo objetiva analisar a ideologia da modernização trabalhista e estabelecer mediações com a formação social brasileira. Primeiramente aborda-se a sociedade de classes no capitalismo dependente e destaca-se como na formação social do Brasil o Estado torna-se o instrumento por excelência das classes dominantes para decidir os rumos das modernizações. Em seguida apresentam-se as intervenções da Confederação Nacional da Indústria (CNI) e da Federação das Indústrias do Estado de São Paulo (FIESP) na elaboração e aprovação da Lei nº 13.467, de 13 de julho de 2017. Entretanto, a análise deste artigo não se restringe aos efeitos da contrarreforma trabalhista, mas principalmente às causas ideológicas que orientam as modernizações no Brasil.
SERVIÇO SOCIAL E LUTAS SOCIAIS: DESAFIOS PROFISSIONAIS EM TEMPOS DE BARBÁRIE
Authors: Abramides Maria Beatriz Costa 
Published: July 2021

O artigo Serviço Social e Lutas Sociais: Desafios para a profissão em tempos de barbárie tem como referência o momento contemporâneo do capitalismo, que se expressa em sua crise estrutural sistêmica, a partir de meados dos anos 70 donde estabelece ataques consecutivos sobre a classe com um conjunto de contrarreformas na esfera do estado e do mundo do trabalho, ampliando a superexploração e retirando direitos sociais e trabalhistas. A atenção se volta para o desmonte da nação em nosso país, desde o final dos anos 80, e com maior velocidade a partir do golpe de direita em 2016 com o governo de Temer, e de forma brutal a partir de 2019 com o desgoverno neofascista de Bolsonaro, de extrema direita. Neste diapasão, a partir de 2019 na China e 2020 no Brasil, inicia-se uma crise sanitária com a pandemia da COVID-19. No interior da luta de classes, expressamos a resistência e o fio condutor da formação e do trabalho profissional articulado às lutas sociais e compromisso histórico com os trabalhadores e como trabalhadores. Essa ambiência sócio-histórica nos traz desafios constantes que estão sendo enfrentados para se contrapor a barbárie do capital em sua expressão neofascista no país na perspectiva da lutas imediatas e históricas na direção da sociabilidade emancipatória.
Palavras-Chave: Lutas Sociais, Serviço Social, Crise do capital, Emancipação humana.
viralização da educação online: a aprendizagem para além da pandemia do novo coronavírus
Authors: Amaral Mirian Maia do , Rossini Tatiana Stofella Sodré , Santos Edméa Oliveira 
Published: July 2021

Com a propagação do novo Coronavírus, no Brasil, as instituições de ensino suspenderam as aulas presenciais. Nesse contexto, educadores, gestores e famílias inteiras tiveram de buscar novos modos de aprender e ensinar. Estratégias de ensino remoto ganharam força, pautadas na transmissão de conteúdos curriculares e na distribuição em massa. Diante desse quadro, apresentamos, neste artigo reflexões acerca da Educação online, como possibilidade de criação do conhecimento, de forma mais participativa, dialógica e interativa, com vistas à formação de cidadãos autores e autônomos, na e para além da pandemia. Complementarmente, sugerimos uma atividade de produção de vídeos e histórias em quadrinho, a partir de processos participativos, viabilizados pela Educação online. Nessa perspectiva, a produção do conhecimento se concretizou na parceria ‘docentediscente’, e o protagonismo do processo de aprendizagem ocorreu nas relações estabelecidas entre esses atores, e, principalmente, com o objeto do conhecimento
Integration of a Constructivism Approach in E-learning Photography Subjects: Feasibility and Effectiveness in Learning
Authors: Kristanto Andi 
Published: July 2021

Lack of lecture time was a serious problem and must be addressed immediately in the study of photography courses because of the large amount of material; the number of cameras is not comparable to that of students. Moreover, conventional learning through the face of the muka by using PowerPoint makes students bored and less interested in learning. This research aimed to develop e-learning with a constructive approach to photography subjects triangle exposure material and know the feasibility and effectiveness. This research was a type of research R &D (Research and Development )using the Addie model, Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. This study involved three validators, namely learning design experts, material experts, media experts and student motorcycle taxis, and there were control classes and experiments with a sample count of 80 students per class. The method of collecting data using questionnaire instruments and tests. Method analysis data using descriptive percentage and independent test t-test samples. The average assessment results of each expert's percentage were: (a) the assessment of learning design experts 96.66% of the excellent category; (b) material experts 95% excellent category; (c) media experts 95.58% excellent category, individual trials 84.05% excellent category, individual trials 88.37% excellent category. The effectiveness of constructivist e-learning with significant results in sig (2-tailed) column of 0.00 or significance of < 0.05. Based on the research results obtained, e-learning with a viable constructivist approach and effective implications used in lectures on photography courses.
Annually and Cumulative Radiographic Alveolar Bone Loss Rates using Digital Scanning Image for the Periodontal Disease Groups before and after Periodontal Treatment
Authors: Hou Guey-Lin 
Published: July 2021

The aim of the present study was to assess the cumulative radiographic alveolar bone loss (CRABL) and yearly radiographic periodontal attachment loss (YRABL) of periodontal disease groups over 5 years or more. A total of 53 subjects, who had taken two sets of full-mouth standardized paralleling radiographs with separated periods of 5 years or more in Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital during 1981-2001, were collected for the past 20 years.
The radiographic alveolar bone levels at mesial and distal aspects of teeth were assessed by measuring the distance between cemento-enamel junction and alveolar bone crest using an electronic digimatic caliper (EDC) under a 3.5X magnified radiographs.
The results revealed that 1) patients with a periodic recall (3-4 times/yr.) showed a significantly lower loss rate than patients without periodic recalls; 2) mean CRPAL was highest in the generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) group (5.52±3.27mm), then the chronic periodontitis (CP) group (4.82±3.47mm), and the localized aggressive periodontitis (LAgP) group (4.47±3.47mm) followed, and lowest in the periodontal healthy (PH) group (1.05±0.59mm); 3) mean YRPAL was the highest in the LAgP group (0.26±0.25mm/yr.), then the GAgP group (0.20±0.13 mm/yr.), and the CP group (0.12±0.09 mm/yr.) followed, and lowest in the periodontal healthy group (0.07±0.06 mm/yr.).
It was concluded that: 1) sites with more advanced alveolar bone loss are more likely to undergo further breakdown; 2) patients with a periodic recall showed a significantly lower alveolar bone loss rate and bone gain, irrespective disease groups; 3) mean CPBLs was highest in the GAgP group; mean YRABLs was highest in the LAgP.