bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Dual Functionality of Ternary Metal‐Oxide Nanoflakes for High‐Performance of Micro Supercapacitor and Electrochemical Sensing of Dyes in Water
Authors: Marimuthu Munuswamy , Ganesan Shanmugam , Yesuraj Johnbosco 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe energy density limit of the metal oxide system increases by altering the bi‐metallic system to ternary metal oxide systems. Here we report, the synthesized ternary metal oxide system for distinct dual applications (Micro supercapacitor and Dye‐sensing activity). The nanoflake‐shaped materials [MNC‐A (Ni 1.0 Co 0.9 and Mg 0.4) O 0.6 and MNC‐B (Ni 1.0 Co 0.5 Mg 0.5) O1.0] were synthesized by the hydrothermal method followed by an annealing process. The synthesized tri‐metal‐oxide were analyzed using various physicochemical and electrochemical analyses to examine their material and electrochemical properties respectively. The obtained nanoflake‐like structure can render rich active reaction sites and rapid ion diffusion pathways. When examined as an asymmetric supercapacitor electrode material, it delivers outstanding specific capacitance of 198 Ag−1 at 0.3 Fg−1. Furthermore, the asymmetric supercapacitor provides a high‐energy density of 70.7 W h kg−1 at 0.36 kW kg−1 and a high‐power density of 4.5 kW kg−1 at 11.0 W h kg−1 respectively. Particularly, it maintains the high cyclic stability and retained 99.8 % initial specific capacitance after 50,000 charge/discharge cycles at the current density of 2 A g−1. Interestingly, the three interconnected systems deliver enough power to brighten a 3 V LED for up to 2 minutes. Also, the active material used as an electrode for the detection of low‐level dissolved dyes in water (ppm).
A Review of Recent Advances in the Inhibition of Sweet Corrosion
Authors: Xhanari Klodian , Wang Yefei , Yang Zhen , Finšgar Matjaž 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis review paper discusses the research work published in the last decade on the use of organic compounds and natural products as corrosion inhibitors for steel in CO2 and CO2/H2S coexisting environments. The carbon and mild steel samples tested are mostly immersed in CO2‐saturated NaCl/brine solutions or simulated oilfield waters. The influence of temperature, immersion time, CO2 partial pressure, pre‐corrosion, flow rate/rotation speed, and the synergistic effect of other compounds on the corrosion inhibition effectiveness of organic compounds and natural products is presented. Primarily, weight loss and electrochemical techniques were used to evaluate the corrosion inhibition effectiveness of these compounds.
Islands and complexity of eternal black hole and radiation subsystems for a doubly holographic model
Authors: Bhattacharya Aranya , Bhattacharyya Arpan , Nandy Pratik , Patra Ayan K. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We study the entanglement islands and subsystem volume complexity corresponding to the left/ right entanglement of a conformal defect in d-dimensions in Randall-Sundrum (RS) braneworld model with subcritical tension brane. The left and right modes of the defect mimic the eternal black hole and radiation system respectively. Hence the entanglement entropy between the two follows an eternal black hole Page curve which is unitarity compatible. We compute the volumes corresponding to the left and right branes with preferred Ryu-Takanayagi (RT) surfaces at different times, which provide a probe of the subregion complexity of the black hole and the radiation states respectively. An interesting jump in volume is found at Page time, where the entanglement curve is saturated due to the inclusion of the island surfaces. We explain various possibilities of this phase transition in complexity at Page time and argue how these results match with a covariant proposal qualitatively.
Fibre-base duality of 5d KK theories
Authors: Braun Andreas P. , Chen Jin , Haghighat Babak , Sperling Marcus , Yang Shuhang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe study circle compactifications of 6d superconformal field theories giving rise to 5d rank 1 and rank 2 Kaluza-Klein theories. We realise the resulting theories as M-theory compactifications on local Calabi-Yau 3-folds and match the prepotentials from geometry and field theory. One novelty in our approach is that we include explicit dependence on bare gauge couplings and mass parameters in the description which in turn leads to an accurate parametrisation of the prepotential including all parameters of the field theory. We find that the resulting geometries admit “fibre-base” duality which relates their six-dimensional origin with the purely five-dimensional quantum field theory interpretation. The fibre-base duality is realised simply by swapping base and fibre curves of compact surfaces in the local Calabi-Yau which can be viewed as the total space of the anti-canonical bundle over such surfaces. Our results show that such swappings precisely occur for surfaces with a zero self-intersection of the base curve and result in an exchange of the 6d and 5d pictures.
A Note on the Majority Dynamics in Inhomogeneous Random Graphs
Authors: Shang Yilun 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this note, we study discrete time majority dynamics over an inhomogeneous random graph G obtained by including each edge e in the complete graph $$K_n$$

K
n

independently with probability $$p_n(e)$$

p
n

(
e
)

. Each vertex is independently assigned an initial state $$+1$$

+
1

(with probability $$p_+$$

p
+

) or $$-1$$

-
1

(with probability $$1-p_+$$

1
-

p
+

), updated at each time step following the majority of its neighbors’ states. Under some regularity and density conditions of the edge probability sequence, if $$p_+$$

p
+

is smaller than a threshold, then G will display a unanimous state $$-1$$

-
1

asymptotically almost surely, meaning that the probability of reaching consensus tends to one as $$n\rightarrow \infty $$

n
→
∞

. The consensus reaching process has a clear difference in terms of the initial state assignment probability: In a dense random graph $$p_+$$

p
+

can be near a half, while in a sparse random graph $$p_+$$

p
+

has to be vanishing. The size of a dynamic monopoly in G is also discussed.
Under- and over-investment in education: the role of locked-in fertility
Authors: Nakagawa Masao , Oura Asuka , Sugimoto Yoshiaki 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis research argues that, in the presence of idiosyncratic ability shocks after childbirth, irreversible fertility decisions distort the resource allocation between the quantity and quality of children. In underdeveloped environments, where family size is locked into large levels, education investment places a heavy financial burden on households, which deprives some competent children of learning opportunities. In contrast, in more developed environments, family size is locked into smaller levels, which facilitates education investment even for some children with low aptitude. A redistributive policy to mitigate the distortion is proposed for each stage.
Detecting multiple generalized change-points by isolating single ones
Authors: Anastasiou Andreas , Fryzlewicz Piotr 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe introduce a new approach, called Isolate-Detect (ID), for the consistent estimation of the number and location of multiple generalized change-points in noisy data sequences. Examples of signal changes that ID can deal with are changes in the mean of a piecewise-constant signal and changes, continuous or not, in the linear trend. The number of change-points can increase with the sample size. Our method is based on an isolation technique, which prevents the consideration of intervals that contain more than one change-point. This isolation enhances ID’s accuracy as it allows for detection in the presence of frequent changes of possibly small magnitudes. In ID, model selection is carried out via thresholding, or an information criterion, or SDLL, or a hybrid involving the former two. The hybrid model selection leads to a general method with very good practical performance and minimal parameter choice. In the scenarios tested, ID is at least as accurate as the state-of-the-art methods; most of the times it outperforms them. ID is implemented in the R packages IDetect and breakfast, available from CRAN.
CYP2D6 phenotype explains reported yohimbine concentrations in four severe acute intoxications
Authors: Mueller-Schoell Anna , Michelet Robin , Weinelt Ferdinand , Kloft Charlotte , Mikus Gerd 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe indole alkaloid yohimbine is an alpha-2 receptor antagonist used for its sympathomimetic effects. Several cases of yohimbine intoxication have been reported and the most recent one involved four individuals taking a yohimbine-containing drug powder. All individuals developed severe intoxication symptoms and were admitted to the hospital. Even though all individuals were assumed to have taken the same dose of the drug powder, toxicology analyses revealed yohimbine blood concentrations of 249–5631 ng/mL, amounting to a 22-fold difference. The reason for this high variability remained to be elucidated. We used recently reported knowledge on the metabolism of yohimbine together with state-of-the art nonlinear mixed-effects modelling and simulation and show that a patient’s cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) phenotype can explain the large differences observed in the measured concentration after intake of the same yohimbine dose. Our findings can be used both for the identification of safe doses in therapeutic use of yohimbine and for an explanation of individual cases of overdosing.
Generic pointed quartic curves in $${\mathbb {R}}{\mathbb {P}}^{2}$$ and uninodal dessins
Authors: Jaramillo Puentes Andrés 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this article we obtain a rigid isotopy classification of generic pointed quartic curves (A, p) in $${\mathbb {R}}{\mathbb {P}}^{2}$$

R

P

2

by studying the combinatorial properties of dessins. The dessins are real versions, proposed by Orevkov (Ann Fac Sci Toulouse 12(4):517–531, 2003), of Grothendieck’s dessins d’enfants. This classification contains 20 classes determined by the number of ovals of A, the parity of the oval containing the marked point p, the number of ovals that the tangent line $$T_p A$$

T
p

A

intersects, the nature of connected components of $$A\setminus T_p A$$

A
\

T
p

A

adjacent to p, and in the maximal case, on the convexity of the position of the connected components of $$A\setminus T_p A$$

A
\

T
p

A

. We study the combinatorial properties and decompositions of dessins corresponding to real uninodal trigonal curves in real ruled surfaces. Uninodal dessins in any surface with non-empty boundary can be decomposed in blocks corresponding to cubic dessins in the disk $${\mathbf {D}}^2$$

D

2

, which produces a classification of these dessins. The classification of dessins under consideration leads to a rigid isotopy classification of generic pointed quartic curves in $${\mathbb {R}}{\mathbb {P}}^{2}$$

R

P

2

. This classification was first obtained in Rieken (Geometr Ded 185(1):171–203, 2016) based on the relation between quartic curves and del Pezzo surfaces.
Finite automata with undirected state graphs
Authors: Kutrib Martin , Malcher Andreas , Schneider Christian 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe investigate finite automata whose state graphs are undirected. This means that for any transition from state p to q consuming some letter a from the input there exists a symmetric transition from state q to p consuming a letter a as well. So, the corresponding language families are subregular, and in particular in the deterministic case, subreversible. In detail, we study the operational descriptional complexity of deterministic and nondeterministic undirected finite automata. To this end, the different types of automata on alphabets with few letters are characterized. Then, the operational state complexity of the Boolean operations as well as the operations concatenation and iteration is investigated, where tight upper and lower bounds are derived for unary as well as arbitrary alphabets under the condition that the corresponding language classes are closed under the operation considered.
Conditioning treatment with CD27 Ab enhances expansion and antitumor activity of adoptively transferred T cells in mice
Authors: Wasiuk Anna , Weidlick Jeff , Sisson Crystal , Widger Jenifer , Crocker Andrea , Vitale Laura , Marsh Henry C. , Keler Tibor , He Li-Zhen 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCyclophosphamide plus fludarabine (C/F) are currently used to improve the expansion and effectiveness of adoptive cell therapy (ACT). However, these chemotherapeutics cause pan-leukopenia and adverse events, suggesting that safer and more effective conditioning treatments are needed to improve ACT outcomes. Previously, we reported that varlilumab, a CD27-targeting antibody, mediatesTreg-preferential T cell depletion, CD8-T cell dominant costimulation, and systemic immune activation in hCD27 transgenic mice and cancer patients. We reasoned that the activities induced by varlilumab may provide an effective conditioning regimen for ACT. Varlilumab pretreatment of hCD27+/+mCD27− /−mice resulted in prominent proliferation of transferred T cells isolated from wild-type mice. These studies uncovered a critical role for CD27 signaling for the expansion of transferred T cells, as transfer of T cells from CD27 deficient mice or treatment with a CD70 blocking antibody greatly reduced their proliferation. In this model, varlilumab depletes endogenous hCD27+/+T cells and blocks their subsequent access to CD70, allowing for more CD70 costimulation available to the mCD27+/+transferred T cells. CD27-targeted depletion led to a greater expansion of transferred T cells compared to C/F conditioning and resulted in longer median survival and more cures than C/F conditioning in the E.G7 tumor model receiving OT-I cell therapy. We propose that translation of this work could be achieved through engineering of T cells for ACT to abrogate varlilumab binding but preserve CD70 ligation. Thus, varlilumab could be an option to chemotherapy as a conditioning regimen for ACT.
PTCH1 mutation promotes antitumor immunity and the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Wang Yanni , Chen Huan , Jiao Xi , Wu Lihong , Yang Ying , Zhang Jiao , Wu Lijia , Liu Chang , Zhuo Na , Li Shuang , Gong Jifang , Li Jian , Zhang Xiaotian , Wang Xicheng , Peng Zhi , Qi Changsong , Wang Zhenghang , Li Jie , Li Yan , Lu Zhihao , Zhang Henghui , Shen Lin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractImmunotherapy has emerged as an effective therapeutic strategy for various cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC), but only a subset of MSI-H patients can benefit from such therapy. Patched1 (PTCH1) is a frequently altered gene in CRCs and its mutations contribute to unregulated Hedgehog (Hh) signaling. In the study, we evaluated the association of PTCH1 mutations with CRC immunity based on our single-center cohort and multiple cancer genomic datasets. Among 21 enrolled patients, six (28.6%) harbored a PTCH1 mutation based on WES analyses. In CRC patients, the PTCH1 mutation subgroup experienced a higher durable clinical benefit rate than the PTCH1 wild-type subgroup (100% vs. 40%, P = 0.017). In addition, patients with the PTCH1 mutation experienced greater progression-free survival (PFS, P = 0.037; HR, 0.208) and overall survival (OS, P = 0.045; HR, 0.185). A validation cohort from the MSKCC also confirmed the correlation between PTCH1 mutation and better prognosis (P = 0.022; HR, 0.290). Mechanically, diverse antitumor immune signatures were more highly enriched in PTCH1-mutated tumors than in PTCH1 wild-type tumors. Furthermore, PTCH1-mutated tumors had higher proportions of CD8 + T cells, activated NK cells, and M1 type macrophage infiltration, as well as elevated gene signatures of several steps in the cancer-immunity cycle. Notably, the PTCH1 mutation was correlated with tumor mutational burden (TMB), loss of heterozygosity score, and copy number variation burden. Our results show that the mutation of PTCH1 is a potential biomarker for predicting the response of CRC patients to immunotherapy.
Favorable Outcomes of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Limited Para‐Aortic Lymph Node Dissection for Advanced Gastric Cancer with Para‐aortic Lymph Node Metastasis
Authors: Ri Motonari , Ohashi Manabu , Eto Kojiro , Ishizuka Naoki , Atsumi Shinichiro , Makuuchi Rie , Ida Satoshi , Kumagai Koshi , Sano Takeshi , Nunobe Souya 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundAlthough para‐aortic lymph node (PALN) metastasis from gastric cancer is a non‐curative lesion, gastrectomy with complete PALN dissection (PAND) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is a tentative standard treatment in Japan, based on the results of a small‐scale phase II clinical trial. However, whether complete PAND (C‐PAND) is always necessary for such diseases is open to debate.MethodsPatients who received NAC followed by R0 gastrectomy for gastric cancer with clinical PALN metastasis at the Cancer Institute Hospital in Tokyo from 2005 to 2017 were reviewed in the present study. We assessed surgical findings and long‐term outcomes.ResultsIn total, 44 patients receiving gastrectomy with C‐PAND (n = 22) or limited PAND (L‐PAND; n = 22) were included. Operation time was significantly longer in the C‐PAND than in the L‐PAND groups (363 min vs. 271 min, P = 0.037). There was no difference between the two groups in the ypStage classification and pattern of recurrence. The 5‐year overall survival (OS) and relapse‐free survival (RFS) curves were higher in the L‐PAND group than the C‐PAND group, without reaching a significant difference. The 5‐year OS (42.9% vs. 75.7%, p = 0.017) and RFS (14.3% vs. 48.6%, p = 0.002) were significantly worse in the group of three or more, than in the group of less than three pathological PALN metastasis, whereas increasing numbers of harvested PALN were not associated with improved survival.ConclusionsCurative gastrectomy with L‐PAND following NAC for gastric cancer involving PALN may be an alternative treatment to C‐PAND.
Prenatal diagnosis, associated findings and postnatal outcome of fetuses with truncus arteriosus communis (TAC)
Authors: Abel J. S. , Berg C. , Geipel A. , Gembruch U. , Herberg U. , Breuer J. , Brockmeier K. , Gottschalk I. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the spectrum of associated anomalies, the intrauterine course, postnatal outcome and management of fetuses with truncus arteriosus communis (TAC)

Methods
All cases of TAC diagnosed prenatally over a period of 8 years were retrospectively collected in two tertiary referral centers. All additional prenatal findings were assessed and correlated with the outcome. The accuracy of prenatal diagnosis was assessed.

Results
Thirty nine cases of TAC were diagnosed prenatally. Mean gestational age at first diagnosis was 22 weeks (range 13–38). Two cases were lost follow-up. Correct prenatal diagnosis of TAC was made in 87.5% and of TAC subtype in 90.5%. Prenatal diagnosis was incorrect in three cases: one newborn had aortic atresia with ventricular septal defect (VSD) postnatally, one had hypo-plastic right ventricle with dextro transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA) with coarctation of the aorta and a third newborn had tetralogy of fallot (TOF) with abnormal origin of the left pulmonary artery arising from the ascending aorta postnatally. These 3 cases were excluded from further analysis.
In 26.5% of cases, TAC was an isolated finding. 38.2% of fetuses had additional chromosomal anomalies. Among them, microdeletion 22q11.2 was most common with a prevalence of 17.6% in our cohort. Another 3 fetuses were highly suspicious for non-chromosomal genetic syndromes due to their additional extra-cardiac anomalies, but molecular diagnosis could not be provided. Major cardiac and extra-cardiac anomalies occurred in between 8.8% and 58.8%, respectively. Predominantly, extra-cardiac anomalies occurred in association with chromosomal anomalies. Additionally, severe IUGR occurred in 17.6%.
There were 14 terminations of pregnancy (41.2%), 1 (2.9%) intrauterine fetal death, 5 postnatal deaths (14.7%) and 14 (41.2%) infants were alive at last follow-up. Intention-to-treat survival rate was 70%. Mean follow-up among survivors was 42 months (range 6–104). Postoperative health status among survivors was excellent in 78.6%, but 46.2% needed repeated re-interventions due to recurrent pulmonary artery or conduit stenosis. The other 21.4% of survivors were significantly impaired due to non-cardiac problems.

Conclusion
Truncus arteriosus communis is a rare and complex cardiac anomaly that can be diagnosed prenatally with high precision. TAC is frequently associated with chromosomal and extra-cardiac anomalies, leading to a high intrauterine and postnatal loss rate due to terminations and perioperative mortality. Without severe extra-cardiac anomalies, postoperative health status is excellent, independent of the subtype of TAC, but the prevalence of repeated interventions due to recurrent stenosis is high.
Effect of Microstructure and Relative Humidity on Strength and Creep of Gypsum
Authors: Ramon Anna , Caselle Chiara , Bonetto Sabrina Maria Rita , Costanzo Daniele , Alonso Eduardo E. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe wide range of gypsum facies observed all over the world and the strong heterogeneity that may be present even within a single facies often cause an inhomogeneous mechanical response that, if neglected, may be particularly dangerous in the framework of underground excavations. In addition, gypsum is particularly sensible to the presence of water. The high relative humidity conditions often registered in underground gypsum quarries may imply an additional worsening of mechanical properties. In the present study, the strength and the creep response of a natural gypsum rock facies are investigated, considering the influence of material heterogeneity and relative humidity conditions. The heterogeneity of the material, quantified with MIP and SEM analyses, is observed to strongly affect the mechanical response. To this intrinsic mechanical variability, the influence of an external parameter as the relative humidity is observed to generate an additional reduction of material strength and to increase the creep strain rate in the long-term tests. The effect of all these elements in the underground quarry framework is discussed and a constitutive model of these experimental results is provided.
Determination of amino acids in human biological fluids by high-performance liquid chromatography: critical review
Authors: Gałęzowska Grażyna , Ratajczyk Joanna , Wolska Lidia 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe quantitation and qualification of amino acids are most commonly used in clinical and epidemiological studies, and provide an excellent way of monitoring compounds in human fluids which have not been monitored previously, to prevent some diseases. Because of this, it is not surprising that scientific interest in evaluating these compounds has resurfaced in recent years and has precipitated the development of a multitude of new analytical techniques. This review considers recent developments in HPLC analytics on the basis of publications from the last few years. It helps to update and systematize knowledge in this area. Particular attention is paid to the progress of analytical methods, pointing out the advantages and drawbacks of the various techniques used for the preparation, separation and determination of amino acids. Depending on the type of sample, the preparation conditions for HPLC analysis change. For this reason, the review has focused on three types of samples, namely urine, blood and cerebrospinal fluid. Despite time-consuming sample preparation before HPLC analysis, an additional derivatization technique should be used, depending on the detection technique used. There are proposals for columns that are specially modified for amino acid separation without derivatization, but the limit of detection of the substance is less beneficial. In view of the fact that amino acid analyses have been performed for years and new solutions may generate increased costs, it may turn out that older proposals are much more advantageous.