bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decompression of the internal auditory canal via the retrosigmoid approach in a patient with Camurati-Engelmann disease: illustrative case
Authors: Achahbar Salah-Eddine , Somers Thomas , Van Havenbergh Tony 
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUNDCamurati-Engelmann disease (CED) is a rare condition characterized by hyperostosis of the long bones and skull base. Symptoms include contractures and pain in affected extremities but can also include manifestations of cranial hyperostosis such as intracranial hypertension, Chiari malformation, exophthalmia, frontal bossing, and several cranial neuropathies due to cranial foraminal stenosis.OBSERVATIONSThis report describes a 27-year-old patient with suspected CED who developed progressive intermittent facial nerve paresis, hemifacial spasms, and a decrease in hearing. There were no symptoms of increased intracranial pressure or vertigo. Radiological evaluation showed a significant thickening of the skull base with serious bilateral internal auditory canal stenosis. Because of the progressive nature of the aforementioned cranial neuropathies in combination with the correlating severe radiological compression, a surgical decompression of the facial nerve and vestibulocochlear nerve was performed via a retrosigmoid approach with intraoperative monitoring. Postoperative facial nerve function was intact. Hearing and vestibular function were unchanged. There were no more episodes of facial nerve palsy or spasm.LESSONSTo the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report to describe decompression of the internal auditory canal via a retrosigmoid approach for symptomatic facial and cochlear nerve compression in a patient with CED.
Papillary craniopharyngioma in a patient following resection of nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma: illustrative case
Authors: Park David J. , Mishra Akash , Golub Danielle , Li Jian Y. , Black Karen S. , Schulder Michael 
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUNDAlthough craniopharyngioma and pituitary adenoma are common tumors of the sellar or suprasellar region, the development of papillary craniopharyngioma in the same sellar region after resection of a nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma has not been reported.OBSERVATIONSHere the authors report the first case of craniopharyngioma that developed long after resection of a pituitary adenoma. A 66-year-old male patient underwent endoscopic transsphenoidal resection for a large sellar mass, which histopathologically confirmed the diagnosis of a pituitary adenoma. He had an excellent recovery after surgery. For several years, he had no clinical or imaging evidence of tumor recurrence and then was lost to follow-up. Seven years after the initial surgery, the patient returned with a one-month history of visual field defects, and imaging confirmed a heterogeneous, cystic suprasellar mass. Endoscopic transsphenoidal resection of the tumor was performed, and histological examination showed it to be a papillary craniopharyngioma.LESSONSNeurosurgeons should be aware that after pituitary adenoma resection, a recurrent mass could be a craniopharyngioma, with implications for very different management recommendations.
PENGARUH PENGENDALIAN PEMEGANG SAHAM DAN TATA KELOLA PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP KUALITAS AUDIT PERUSAHAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Septianawati Dhika Tri , Wening Nur 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh atau pemegang saham pengendali dan efektivitas dewan komisaris dan komite audit terhadap kualitas audit yang diukur dengan AQMS (Audit Quality Metric Score). Penelitian ini menggunakan perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia sebagai sampel. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan bukti bahwa alignment dan entrechment effect dari pemegang saham pengendali berpengaruh positif terhadap kualitas audit. Penyelarasan kepentingan antara pemegang saham pengendali dan pemegang saham non pengendali menyebabkan perusahaan menunjuk auditor yang berkualitas. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa ketika perusahaan menghadapi efek entrechment yang tinggi dari pemegang saham pengendali, perusahaan tetap menunjuk auditor berkualitas tinggi untuk mengurangi konflik keagenan dan untuk menjaga reputasi perusahaan. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas dewan komisaris dan komite audit berpengaruh positif terhadap kualitas audit. Kata Kunci: Aligment and Entrechment Effect, Audit Quality, Controlling Shareholders, Dewan Komisaris, Komite Audit
Effectiveness of Nursing Caring Behavior to The Satisfaction of Hospital Patients in Puskesmas Wotu
Authors: Yudi Adnan  
Published: January 2021

Caring is an attention and action towards others (patients) to provide assistance, support, respect and empathy in providing physical care to avoid a unexpected condition supported by sources of knowledge, patience, and hope. Nurse caring behaviour will be very important in influencing service quality and client satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to analyze nurse caring behaviour in increasing the satisfaction of inpatients at the Puskesmas Wotu.
The design of this study is a correlative study. The population were 87 respondents with a purposive sampling technique in which all population amounts were used as research samples.
The results of a statistical study using the spearmen test, it was found that r value=0.529. That is, the level of strength of the relationship between strong variables. The relationship between these two variables is unidirectional, thus it can be interpreted that the quality of caring care increases the satisfaction of inpatients will also increase. Furthermore, there is a significant relationship between Nurse behavior variables with the Patients Satisfaction (Sig.=0,000). Nurse caring behavior needs to be increased again with training and making standard guidelines.
Transformations of Magistracy in Russia
Authors: Opfer E. A. 
Published: January 2021

The system of master education in Russia in now being transforming. It is influenced by the global trends in higher education and stakeholders’ needs. The goal of this research is to find out the substantial transformations in Russian magistracy and to underline the main trends at the current stage. To achieve the goal, the relevant literature and regulations were reviewed. Besides, we used the results of all-Russian survey “Russian Master’s Early Growth” devoted to Russian magistracy, the winner of the program “Scholarship program by Vladimir Potanin”.The research gives the analyses of transformations of magistracy in Russia in three vectors: changes in educational paths, staffing and design of master programs. The results of the research can be used by university management while designing master’s programs.
PD-L1 expression in tumor lesions and soluble PD-L1 serum levels in patients with breast cancer: TNBC versus TPBC
Authors: Yazdanpanah Parvaneh , Alavianmehr Ali , Ghaderi Abbas , Monabati Ahmad , Montazer Mehdi , Tahmasbi Kamran , Farjadian Shirin 
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: Block of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) interaction with its ligand, PD-L1, enhances anti-tumor activity. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess the association between PD-L1 expression in tumor cells and CD8+ tumor infiltrating T cells (TILs) as well as soluble (s)PD-L1 serum levels in patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) compared to triple positive (TPBC). METHODS: A total of 113 tumor sections and 133 serum samples were available from 144 patients with breast cancer (72 TNBC and 72 TPBC). Dual immunohistochemistry staining was applied to determine differential PD-L1 expression in tumor cells and CD8+ TILs. Soluble PD-L1 serum levels were also evaluated in patients compared to 40 healthy women by ELISA method. RESULTS: Despite TPBC patients which were mostly grades 1/2, TNBC patients were grade 3 (72% versus 66.7%, P < 0.001). Most of the TNBC patients were stages I/II, whereas most of the TPBC patients were stages III/IV (57.3% versus 68.3%,P = 0.005). There was no difference in tumor size and metastasis between TNBC and TPBC patients, although the number of involved lymph nodes was significantly more in TPBC patients (P = 0.0012). PD-L1 expression was detected in 11.5% of samples mostly in TNBC subtype and was associated with advanced grades (P = 0.039). There was no relationship between PD-L1 expression and tumor stage. PD-L1 expression in CD8+ TILs was nonsignificantly higher than tumor cells. Serum levels of sPD-L1 showed no difference between patients and healthy women. We found no correlation between PD-L1 expression in tumor lesions and serum levels of sPD-L1 in patients. CONCLUSION: PD-L1 expression was more detected in our patients with TNBC. It seems that, these patients who are resistant to standard chemotherapy regimens may get benefit from PD-L1 inhibition therapy and because of its low serum levels, sPD-L1 cannot interfere with this therapy.
Benefit of Adjuvant Chemotherapy After Radical Cystectomy for Treatment of Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder in the Elderly –An International Multicenter Study
Authors: Schuettfort Victor M. , Pradere Benjamin , Mostafaei Hadi , Laukhtina Ekaterina , Mori Keiichiro , Quhal Fahad , Motlagh Reza Sari , Rink Michael , Karakiewicz Pierre I. , Deuker Marina , Moschini Marco , Stolzenbach Lara Franziska , Trinh Quoc-Dien , Briganti Alberto , D’Andrea David , Shariat Shahrokh F. 
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: Radical cystectomy (RC) is the standard treatment for muscle invasive bladder cancer, but approximately half of all patients will ultimately succumb to disease progression despite apparent cure with extirpative surgery. Elderly patients are at especially high risk of advanced disease and may benefit from perioperative systemic therapy. OBJECTIVE: To assess the real-world benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) in patients ≥75 years old. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent RC for non-metastatic urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) from 12 participating international medical institutions. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox regression models were used to assess the association between age groups, administration of AC and oncological outcome parameters such as recurrence-free survival (RFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS: 4,335 patients were included in the analyses, of which 820 (18.9%) were ≥75 years old. These elderly patients had a higher rate of adverse pathologic features. In an univariable subgroup analysis in patients ≥75 years with lymph node metastasis, 5-year OS was significantly higher in patients who had received AC (41% vs. 30.9%, p = 0.02). In a multivariable Cox model that was adjusted for several established outcome predictors, there was a significant favorable association between the administration of AC in elderly patients and OS, but no RFS or CSS. CONCLUSIONS: In this large observational study, the administration of AC was associated with improved OS, but not RFS or CSS, in elderly patients treated with RC for UCB. This is of clinical importance, as elderly patients are more likely to have adverse pathologic features and experience worse survival outcomes. Treatment of UCB should include both a multidisciplinary approach and a geriatric evaluation to identify patients who are most likely to tolerate and benefit from AC.
Development & validation of the Greek version of the adult food security survey module
Authors: Michalis Athanassios , Panagiotakos Demosthenes B. , Costarelli Vassiliki 
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: Food insecurity seems to be positively correlated with increased risk of malnutrition and poor health. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to develop and validate the Greek version of Adult Food Security Survey Module (AFSSM). METHODS: The AFSSM was translated to the Greek language forward and backward twice and subsequently was administered to 94 healthy adult individuals living in Greece. The participants had to complete the tool twice, within a period of 15 days. Fifty of the above participants also took part in a specifically designed structured interview, designed to assess food insecurity, for comparison purposes with the tested tool. Socioeconomic and anthropometric characteristics were also assessed. RESULTS: There was a significant positive correlation between the Greek AFSSM (AFSSM-Gr) and the results of the specifically designed structured interview, assessing food insecurity ( r = 0.376, p <  0.01). The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of reliability for the Greek AFSSM was good (α= 0.763). There was also a significant negative correlation between the age of the participants and the score of the AFSSM-Gr ( r = –0.307, p <  0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The AFSSM-Gr can be considered as a useful tool for assessing Food Insecurity.
Dietary n-9, n-6 and n-3 fatty acids modulate the oxidative stress in brain and liver of mice. Effect of trans fatty acids supplementation
Authors: Lavandera Jimena Verónica , Reus Verónica , Saín Juliana , Bernal Claudio Adrian , González Marcela Aida 
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: Arachidonic (20:4n-6) and docosahexaenoic (22:6n-3) acids interaction affects brain structure and function. Unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) generate oxygenated lipid-derived eicosanoids which modulate the inflammatory response. The presence of trans fatty acids (TFA) in neuronal membranes can favor to generation of pro-oxidant metabolites. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the effect of supplementation with TFA to diets containing different proportions of FA, on the oxidative stress (OS) generation and the inflammatory response in mice brain and liver. METHODS: CF1 mice were fed diets (16 weeks) with olive (O), corn (C) or rapeseed (R) oils. OS parameters and gene expression of some key liver and brain enzymes involved in OS production were evaluated. RESULTS: In brain and liver, lipoperoxidation was increased and catalase activity was decreased in C. In brain, glutathione was diminished by supplementation with TFA in all diets and histological sections showed lymphocytes in O and C. In liver, decreased amount of lipid vacuoles and increased of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and PPARγ mRNA levels were observed in R and Rt. IL-1b and IL-6 in serum were augmented in O and Ot. CONCLUSIONS: Rapeseed oil could have protective effects on the development of OS and inflammation, while TFA supplementation did not showed marked effects on these parameters.
EFFECTIVENESS IN HUMANS OF AN ANTIVIRAL DRUG BASED ON CHOLINERGIC AGONISTS WITH SPECIFIC DESIGN AND ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION AGAINST COVID-19 SYMPTOMS IN A GROUP OF INFECTED PATIENTS VS. CONTROL GROUP
Authors: Angulo Orlando , Restrepo Hector Fabio , León Higuera José Gabriel , Leon Garcia Mario , Mendive Fernando , Politi Matteo 
Published: January 2021

Objective

To establish the therapeutic action of a nicotinic cholinergic agonist agent (CA) composition in the symptoms in a group of human patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 vs. control group.

Methods

Basic Odds Ratio study (95% confidence interval) in 20 patients for intervention group and 15 patients for the control group. The evaluation in the groups was carried out during 15 days assessing the improvement or worsening of each symptom daily.

Results:

Cough, (OR = 0.5), Dyspnea (OR = 0.38), Muscle fatigue (OR = 0.69), Ageusia (OR = 0.27), Anosmia (OR = 0.21) General malaise (OR = 0.62), are less than 1 converting the use of the cholinergic agent in a protective and therapeutic factor showing therefore improvement of these symptoms, after its use, compared to the control group.

Conclusions:

The positive results obtained on the symptoms caused by COVID-19 using cholinergic agonists molecules by delivering a cholinergic agent (CA) composition with special oral and nasal route of administration and specific pharmacological design against COVID-19 in humans infected by SARS-CoV-2 versus the control group, endorse preliminary the nicotinic hypothesis on SARS-CoV-2 and the therapeutic potential of the use of these molecules. Larger multicentrical trials in humans are encouraged.
SIMULASI METODE BACK PROPAGATION DALAM ANALISIS HASIL PENGARUH BIJI KARET SUBSTITUSI AGREGAT KASAR TERHADAP KUAT TEKAN BETON
Authors: Firdausa Fadhila , Marpaung Raja , Artini Sri Rezki 
Published: January 2021

Biji karet merupakan salah satu limbah alam yang jumlahnya sangat banyak di Sumatera Selatan.Oleh karena itu diperlukan proses pengolahan limbah biji karet agar dapat mempunyai nilai guna dan nilai ekonomi. Back propagation merupakan salah satu metode dalam penggunaan jaringan syaraf tiruan. Data yang dihasilkan berdasarkan data yang telah diinputkan dengan target capaian sebagai data output. Data input yang digunakan didapat dari hasil pengujian laboratorium kuat tekan beton dengan substitusi biji karet pada agregat kasar sebesar 5%, 10%, 15% dan 20% selama umur beton 7 hari, 14 hari dan 28 hari. Hasil pengujian laboratorium menunjukkan hasil bahwa semakin besar komposisi penggunaan biji karet maka kuat tekan beton semakin menurun. Campuran biji karet 5% memiliki hasil kuat tekan terbesar sebesar 19,33 Mpa. Hasil kuat tekan beton yang didapat dari hasil pengujian kemudian digunakan sebagai data input pada proses training dengan metode back propagation. Simulasi metode back propagation mampu memprediksi hasil pengujian dengan eror terkecil sebesar 3,5 % dan eror terbesar 47%. Metode back propagation dinilai mampu memprediksi hasil kuat tekan beton karena eror untuk prediksi kurang dari 50%. Hal ini dikarenakan data input yang dimasukkan sangat sedikit. Oleh karena itu diperlukan penelitian lanjutan untuk mendapatkan hasil yang maksimal.
Measuring Global Signals in the Potential Gradient at High Latitude Sites
Authors: Tacza José , Nicoll Keri A. , Macotela Edith L. , Kubicki Marek , Odzimek Anna , Manninen Jyrki 
Published: January 2021

Previous research has shown that the study of the global electrical circuit can be relevant to climate change studies, and this can be done through measurements of the potential gradient near the surface in fair weather conditions. However, potential gradient measurements can be highly variable due to different local effects (e.g., pollution, convective processes). In order to try to minimize these effects, potential gradient measurements can be performed at remote locations where anthropogenic influences are small. In this work we present potential gradient measurements from five stations at high latitudes in the Southern and Northern Hemisphere. This is the first description of new datasets from Halley, Antarctica; and Sodankyla, Finland. The effect of the polar cap ionospheric potential can be significant at some polar stations and detailed analysis performed here demonstrates a negligible effect on the surface potential gradient at Halley and Sodankyla. New criteria for determination of fair weather conditions at snow covered sites is also reported, demonstrating that wind speeds as low as 3 m/s can loft snow particles, and that the fetch of the measurement site is an important factor in determining this threshold wind speed. Daily and seasonal analysis of the potential gradient in fair weather conditions shows great agreement with the “universal” Carnegie curve of the global electric circuit, particularly at Halley. This demonstrates that high latitude sites, at which the magnetic and solar influences can be present, can also provide globally representative measurement sites for study of the global electric circuit.
Hydroclimate Variability Influenced Social Interaction in the Prehistoric American Southwest
Authors: Gauthier Nicolas 
Published: January 2021

When droughts and floods struck ancient agrarian societies, complex networks of exchange and interaction channeled resources into affected settlements and migrant flows away from them. Did these networks evolve in part to connect populations living in differing climate regimes? Here, I examine this relationship with a long-term archaeological case study in the pre-Hispanic North American Southwest, analyzing 4.3 million artifacts from a 250-year period at nearly 500 archaeological sites. I use these artifacts to estimate how the flow of social information changed over time, and to measure how the intensity of social interaction between sites varied as a function of distance and several regional drought patterns. Social interaction decayed with distance, but ties between sites in differing oceanic and continental climate regimes were often stronger than expected by distance alone. Accounting for these different regional drivers of local climate variability will be crucial for understanding the social impacts of droughts and floods in the past and present.
Macroinvertebrate Recovery to Varying Hydropeaking Frequency: A Small Hydropower Plant Experiment
Authors: Aksamit Claire Kathryn , Carolli Mauro , Vanzo Davide , Weber Christine , Schmid Martin 
Published: January 2021

As the demand for hydroelectricity progresses worldwide, small hydropower operators are increasingly examining the feasibility of using existing infrastructure (e.g., settling basins) in run-of-the-river schemes for intermittent power production. Such flexible production causes short-term discharge fluctuations (hydropeaking) in downstream reaches with potential adverse effects for the sensitive fauna and flora in alpine streams. In an experimental field study on a previously unregulated section of the upper Rhone River (Switzerland), we measured density and composition of macroinvertebrate drift in two habitats (riffle, pool) following a 15-minute hydropeaking wave. The experimental hydropeaking was replicated five times over 14 days with decreasing recovery times between peaks (8, 3, 2 days, and 24 h), and drift measurements were compared with kick samples for the benthic community. Results from the kick sampling showed that benthic macroinvertebrate abundance and composition did not significantly change between the experimental peaks. There were habitat specific reactions in macroinvertebrate drift to hydropeaking, with the pool experiencing more pronounced drift abundances than the riffle. Overall, drift abundance was not significantly correlated with recovery time, but results indicate taxa-specific differences. This research advocates for the importance of completing more in-situ field experiments in order to better understand the ecological impact of flexible power production in small hydropower plants.