bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HbE Variants: An Experience from Tertiary Care Centre of Eastern India
Authors: Mukherjee Sriranjan , Das Mou , Basu Keya , Sengupta Moumita , Karmakar Subhrajyoyi , Jha Ashish Kumar , Bandopadhyay Manimoy 
Published: February 2021

Background- HbE is the second most common structural haemoglobin disorder after sickle cell haemoglobin (HbS). Haemoglobin E (HbE) is variant haemoglobin with a mutation in the globin gene causing substitution of glutamic acid for lysine at position 26 of the globin chain.
Aims & Objectives- 1) To Know demographical parameters of HbE variants and 2) To know the Hematological parameters of HbE variants.
Materials & Methods- The present single-centre, retrospective, cross-sectional study was carried out on consecutive 2035 Hb-E variants who were screened by CE-HPLC for hemoglobinopathies in the Thalassemia control unit (TCU) in our tertiary care referral centre after obtaining the proper approval from ethical committee of the institution and informed consent from the patients. The evaluation was done in Bio-Rad Variant Haemoglobin Testing System (Hercules, California, USA) using variant b-thalassemia short program pack. All the analyses were done using IBM SPSS statistics software, version 19 and MedCalc software, version 12.3.0.0.
Result- Among 2035 subjects’ majority (80%) were diagnosed as HbE carrier. Age ranged from 1 year to 75 years with mean of 19.1±13.2 years. Study population mostly comprised of antenatal mothers (23.2 %) followed by premarital (20.2%), children (18.1 %), post marital (17.4%), %), family member of affected person (16.6%), suspected patient (3.5 %) family member of carrier (0.2%) and others (0.8%).
Conclusion: HbE disorders are paradox: its behaviour ranges from good, bad to ugly and the value of HbE does not correlate with the severity of the diseases.
Early Occurrence of Two Distinct Histological Types of Renal Cell Carcinoma in End-Stage Renal Disease Patient on Haemodialysis
Authors: Parkhi Mayur , Sekar Aravind , Parmar Kalpesh , Mandal Shubajit 
Published: February 2021

Background: The occurrence of renal cell carcinoma is a well-known complication in end-stage renal disease on haemodialysis. Various histological types of renal cell carcinomas are observed in these patients and varies with the duration of haemodialysis. Though the synchronous association of two renal cell carcinomas in the patients are known, the existence of such dual renal tumours in the patient on dialysis is extremely rare and unheard in the English literature. Moreover, tubulocystic renal cell carcinoma is rarely reported in this setting.
Case report and Discussion: We describe an unusual early synchronous occurrence of two tumours with distinct histology i.e. Papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC, type I) and Tubulocystic renal cell carcinoma (TC-RCC) in a patient with end-stage renal disease on haemodialysis for a duration less than a year. Though exact etiological factors peculiar to the occurrence of these tumours are not known, increased oxidative stress occurring in end-stage renal disease patient on haemodialysis might play an important role in carcinogenesis.
Conclusion: Renal cell carcinoma with more than one histological type may occur exceedingly early without any symptoms in these patients. Radiologists and urologists should be aware of it for early diagnosis and prompt treatment. Pathologists should also be more cautious while grossing and pick the sub-centimetric primary or secondary tumours that may have an impact on patient survival.
The Role of Volume, Conductivity, Scatter Changes of Neutrophils and Monocytes in Diagnosis of Megaloblastic Anemia
Authors: Adiga Deepa Sowkur Anandarama , Saha Debarshi , G Karthick R , M Vishnu Priya , Rao Purnima S , Suresh Pooja K 
Published: February 2021

Background: Megaloblastic anemias are macrocytic normochromic anemia with mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of 100 fl-140 fl and caused by deficiency of either cobalamin (vitamin B12) or folate. However, increased MCV is not specific for megaloblastic anemia, nor is Vitamin B12 assay by chemiluminescence. We undertook this study to evaluate the possible role of Volume, Conductivity and Scatter (VCS) of WBCs derived from standard hematology analyzer to indicate megaloblastic anemia.
Methods: We performed a case control study comparing data of 60 patients with low serum vitamin B12 or folate levels with 60 healthy volunteers. Comparison of the volume, conductivity and scatter parameters for neutrophils and monocytes of cases and control were done.
Result: The mean neutrophil volume of cases (158.37±18.13fl) was significantly higher (p= 0.0001) compared to controls (141.26±4.22fl). Similarly, mean monocyte volume of cases (183.34±16.90fl) was significantly (p=0.0001) higher compared to controls (166.55±8.66fl).
The difference in the mean conductivity of both neutrophils and monocytes between cases and controls were insignificant (p=0.43).
Conclusion: Our study suggests analysis of VCS parameters for neutrophils and monocytes was a simple and objective method that substantiates the existence of subclinical deficiency of vitamin B 12 and folate with fair degree of certainty.
INVESTIGATION OF CARROT FOOD VALUE DEPENDING ON SORT PECULIARITIES AND ITS CHANGE AT STORAGE
Authors: Pusik Ludmila , Pusik Vlаdimir , Bondarenko Veronika , Gaevaya Ludmila , Kyruchina Natalja , Slobodyanyk Нalyna , Shchetyna Serhii , Shchetyna Maryna , Kononenko Lidiіa 
Published: February 2021

A food value of carrot roots is determined by a content of such chemical composition components as dry substance, ascorbic acid, carotene and other. The carrot value is also determined by its ability to be stored for a long time. The research aim was to study a food value change of different carrot sorts at storage open in boxes. The research gives an ability to search a carrot sort, suitable for long storage, and also to search arrangements for better preservation of carrot nutritiousness at storage.
It has been established, that the dynamics and intensity of losses of the roots’ food value depends on sort peculiarities. Thus, during 7.5 months of storage sorts Daryna, Shantane KL and Nant Kharkiv lost from 0.92 to 4.12 % of dry substance. The content of total sugar decreased by 0.16 and 0.77 % of its initial content in sorts Daryna and Nant Kharkiv, whereas Shantane demonstrated the content increase at the end of storage by 0.29 %. The same tendency was observed also by changes of the content of monosaccharides and saccharose.
The content of ascorbic acid and carotene during storage varied from increase to decrease. At the end of storage losses of ascorbic acid and carotene were 1.43–1.93 and 3.42–4.26 mg/100 g respectively. The content of nitrates at the end of storage in Daryna roots remained at the initial level – 202 mg/kg of the humid mass, in Shantane and Nant Kharkiv it decreased by 18 and 26 % respectively.
At that it must be noted, that the processes of nutritiousness changes were more intensive in Daryna and Nant Kharkiv roots. In Shantane the carrot roots content changes of chemical composition components were slower.
STRUCTURAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THE DEVELOPED FRUIT AND BERRY SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCT
Authors: Cherevko Oleksander , Mykhaylov Valerii , Zahorulko Andrii , Zagorulko Aleksey , Gordienko Iryna 
Published: February 2021

One of progress directions of the modern food industry is the development and introduction of innovative technologies and assortment of functional food products, allowing to decrease risks of disease progression and favoring the population health.
Such products include multicomponent fruit and berry pastes and dried powder fractions. They are natural vitamin carriers, may be used as a supplement or a base for creating a wide spectrum of food products with healthy properties.
A production way for fruit and berry semi-finished product using non-traditional raw materials has been created. For creating paste or dried faction, raw materials with a high content of pectins for better structuring and with correspondent healing-prophylactic properties were selected. Apple was taken as a base of the paste with adding non-traditional raw materials – ziziphus and black aronia. The way differs by the process of dehydration by concentrating up to 44…46 % of dry substances in a rotor evaporator, then, if necessary, additional drying in a thermoradiative one-drum rolling dryer up to 5..8 % of dry substances.
Structural-mechanical parameters of experimental samples of the paste after concentrating up to 45 % content of dry substances have been determined. An effective viscosity increase for all three experimental samples as 33…59 % comparing with apple paste has been established. It is explained by higher content of pectin substances in ziziphus. The most effective viscosity index is 584 Pa∙s belongs to a sample with the components content: apple – 50 %, ziziphus – 45 %, black aronia – 5 %.
The developed semi-product may be used as a vitamin supplement, filler or thickener at producing functional food products in confectionary, milk, bakery industry and also for preparing dishes and drinks at restaurant economies and under home conditions
Probing Protein-protein Interactions and Druggable Site Identification:
Mechanistic Binding Events Between Ubiquitin and Zinc Finger with
UFM1-specific Peptidase Domain Protein (ZUFSP)
Authors: Soliman Mahmoud E.S. , Ajadi Mary B. , Soremekun Opeyemi S. , Elrashedy Ahmed A , Olotu Fisayo A. , Kumalo Hezekiel M. 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) protein family have been implicated in some deregulated pathways involved in carcinogenesis such as cell cycle, gene expression, and DNA damage response (DDR). Zinc finger with UFM1-specific peptidase domain protein (ZUFSP) is one of the recently discovered members of the DUBs

Objectives:
To identify and cross validate the ZUFSP binding site using the bioinformatic tools including SiteMap & Metapocket respectively. To understand the molecular basis of complementary ZUFSP-Ub interaction and associated structural events using MD Simulation

Methods:
In this study, four binding pockets were predicted, characterized, and cross-validated based on physiochemical features such as site score, druggability score, site volume, and site size. Also, Molecular dynamics simulation technique was employed to determine the impact of ubiquitin-binding on ZUFSP

Results:
Site 1 with a site score 1.065, Size 102, D scores 1.00, and size volume 261 was predicted to be the most druggable site. Structural studies revealed that upon ubiquitin-binding, the motional movement of ZUFSP was reduced when compared to the unbound ZUFSP. Also, the ZUFSP helical arm (ZHA) domain orient in such a way that it moves closer to the Ub, this orientation enables the formation of a UBD which is very peculiar to ZUFSP.

Conclusion:
The impact of ubiquitin on ZUFSP movement and the characterization of its predicted druggable site can be targeted in the development of therapeutics
An Urgent Industrial Scheme Both for Total Synthesis, and for
Pharmaceutical Analytical Analysis of Umifenovir as an Anti-viral API
for Treatment of COVID-19
Authors: Siadati Seyyed Amir , Dadras Akbar , Rezvanfar Mohammad Amin , Beheshti Abolghasem , Naeimi Sedigheh Sadat 
Published: February 2021

Background:
This paper is prepared to reveal about an urgent industrial scheme for a fast and facile total synthesis of umifenovir (arbidol) (by one-pot stages) as an antiviral agent for treating 2019-nCoV virus via inhibiting its viral replication in the human cells. As COVID-19, takes thousands of lives all around the world, it seems that the medicinal resources would not be enough to supply billions of peoples, currently living on the planet earth. Thus, this pandemic and its subsequent impacts on the natural order of our life, would be one of the most important threats against the entire human race.

Aims & Objective:
Due to this, in this project, we have made attempts to find an operative approach for synthesizing this compound as an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), which showed it could be effective in inhibiting the newly emerged coronavirus.

Results:
The designed scheme uses relatively cheap precursors, and contains one pot stages, instead of seven time consuming, and more costly, linear steps. Also, it is tried to use safe and cheap solvents like water, and ethanol, instead of toxic ones like methanol, and pyridine which could cause rejection of the API in the organic volatile impurities (OVI) test of pharmacopeia analysis, as well as increasing the concern of inflammability, explosive, and carcinogenic properties of those common solvents.

Conclusion:
The most important pharmaceutical analytical methods containing OVI test (mainly ethanol (about 171 ppm) much lower than the limits, by gas chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) instrument), Assay content (about 99.6% by potentiometric titration), and related purity analysis (by High performance liquid chromatography-Ultraviolet Detector (HPLC-UV)) (about 99.8%) were performed and described to give a more clear industrial scheme.
Role of Amygdalin in Blocking DNA Replication in Breast Cancer In Vitro
Authors: Albogami Sarah , Alnefaie Alaa 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Amygdalin has anticancer benefits because of its active component, hydrocyanic
acid. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is unclear.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism by which amygdalin exerts antiproliferative
effects in the human Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cell line.

Methods:
MCF-7 cells were exposed to amygdalin at a particular IC50 value for 24 and 48 hours and
compared to non-treated cells. An Affymetrix whole-transcript expression array was used to analyze
the expression of 32 genes related to DNA replication.

Results:
Among the 32 genes, amygdalin downregulated the expression of 16 genes and 19 genes by
>1.5-fold at 24 and 48 hours, respectively. At 24 hours, the downregulated genes from the DNA polymerase
α-primase complex were POLA1, POLA2, PRIM1, and PRIM2; DNA polymerase δ complex:
POLD3; DNA polymerase ε complex: POLE4, Minichromosome Maintenance protein (MCM) complex
(helicase): MCM2, MCM3, MCM4, MCM6, and MCM7; clamp and clamp loader: PCNA; nuclease:
FEN1; and DNA ligase: LIG1. At 48 hours, the downregulated genes from the DNA polymerase
α-primase complex were POLA1, POLA2, and PRIM1; DNA polymerase δ complex: POLD3; DNA
polymerase ε complex: POLE and POLE2; MCM complex (helicase): MCM2, MCM3, MCM4,
MCM5, MCM6, and MCM7; clamp and clamp loader: PCNA, RFC2, and RFC3; RNase H:
RNASEH2A; nucleases: DNA2 and FEN1; and DNA ligase: LIG1.

Conclusion:
Amygdalin treatment caused downregulation of several genes that play critical roles in
DNA replication in the MCF-7 cell line. Thus, it might be useful as an anticancer agent.
A Comprehensive Review on Linum usitatissimum Medicinal Plant: Its Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Ethnomedicinal Uses
Authors: Akter Yeasmin , Junaid Md. , Afrose Syeda Samira , Nahrin Afsana , Alam Muhammad Shaiful , Sharmin Tania , Akter Rasheda , Hosen S.M. Zahid 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Linum usitatissimum or flax has been broadly utilized in numerous milieus
worldwide as a primeval medicinal plant because of its health benefits in diverse types of diseases.

Objective:
The objective of this review is to assemble the latest information on the botanical description,
distribution, conventional uses, and biochemical constituents, along with the pharmacological
activities and toxicity of flax.

Methods:
For this purpose, data on Linum was accumulated from scientific journals, books, and
worldwide acknowledged scientific databases via a library and electronic search.

Results :
Phytochemical analysis showed that the major chemical constituents of L. usitatissimum are
ω-3 fatty acid, phytoestrogenic-lignans (secoisolariciresinol diglucoside-SDG), phenols, flavonoids,
sterols, proteins, antioxidants as well as various soluble and insoluble fibres. Among them, secoisolariciresinol
diglucosides (SDG) are the major bioactive compounds of L. usitatissimum with prospective
pharmacological accomplishments. Pure compounds and crude extracts isolated from L. usitatissimum
exhibited significant anti-cancer, antioxidant, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, antidiabetic,
anti-diarrheal, anti-malarial, hepato-protective, reno-protective, immunosuppressive, antiarrhythmic,
and cognitive effects. Studies indicated that the toxicological effect from the consumption
of flaxseed is because of its cyanogenic glycosides, linatine, and cadmium, but the level does not seem
to be adequately concentrated to contribute to any physiological impact.

Conclusions:
Further studies are expected to comprehend the detailed mode of action of its dynamic
constituents as potent therapeutics and to completely reveal its preventive and healing potentials.
Glyceryl Monostearate based Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Controlled Delivery of Docetaxel
Authors: Rai Nadia , Madni Asadullah , Faisal Amir , Jamshaid Talha , Khan Muhammad Imran , Khan Muhammad Muzamil , Parveen Farzana 
Published: February 2021

Background:

Background: Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) is the drug delivery systems that has the capability to improve drug release at the desired tumor site. The aim of present study was to develop Glyceryl Monostearate (GMS) based SLNs for the controlled delivery of docetaxel.

Method:
Hot Melt Encapsulation (HME) method was employed avoiding the use of organic solvents and therefore, regarded as green synthesis of SLNs.

Results:
Optimized DTX-SLNs showed desirable size (100 nm) with low poly dispersity index and excellent entrapment efficiency. Surface charge confirmed the stability of formulation. Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) analysis showed spherical shaped particles and Fourier Transform Infrared Microscopy (FTIR) revealed compatibility among formulation excipients. Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) analysis revealed that melting transition peak of optimized formulation was also greater than 40°C indicating that SLNs would be solid at body temperature. In-vitro release profile (68% in 24 hours) revealed the controlled release profile of DTX-SLNs indicating lipophilic docetaxel drug was entrapped inside high melting point lipid core. Cytotoxicity study revealed that blank SLNs were found to be biocompatible while dose dependent cytotoxicity was shown by DTX-SLNs.

Conclusion:
These studies suggest that DTX-SLNs have potential for controlled delivery of docetaxel and improved therapeutic outcome.
Pomegranate, its Components, and Modern Deliverable Formulations as Potential Botanicals in the Prevention and Treatment of Various Cancers
Authors: Hussein Laila , Gouda Mostafa , Buttar Harpal S. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract:
Cancer is a global multifactorial disease consisting of over 200 types of cancers. It is
well recognized that primary prevention is an effective way to fight cancers by using natural polyphenolic
anticancer foods, vegetables, and fruits, avoiding exposure to the carcinogenic environment,
smoking cessation, and through lifestyle modifications. The present review provides up-todate
information on the effects and functions of pomegranate juice and its bioactive components on
the most widespread six cancer types. Pomegranate contains important polyphenolic compounds,
such as ellagitannins and punicalagin, with strong antioxidant ability for scavenging free radicals
and producing metal-chelates in the biological tissues. The in vitro and in vivo studies suggests that
antioxidant and anti-inflammation properties of pomegranate constitute have major antimutagenic
and antiproliferative activities for regulating gene expression, modulating cellular mechanisms, and
limiting the ability of cancers to metastasize. A limited number of clinical studies have suggested
that pomegranate ingredients have the potential for the prevention and treatment of cancer, especially
colorectal and prostate cancer. In cancer therapy, it remains a clinical dilemma to hit the right target
without inducing side effects. The costly anticancer chemotherapies are often associated with
drug resistance and serious side effects in vital organs and noncancerous neighboring cells. It appears
that the pomegranate-based phytotherapy would be affordable and cost-effective for next-generation
non-pharmacologic anticancer remedies with lesser side effects. However, well-designed,
randomized, double-blind, and multi-center studies are needed to establish the long-term safety, efficacy,
and dose schedules for orally deliverable pomegranate formulations.
Crosstalk of Long Non-coding RNAs and EMT: Searching the Missing Pieces of an Incomplete Puzzle for Lung Cancer Therapy
Authors: Ashrafizadeh Milad , Shahinozzaman Md , Orouei Sima , Zarrin Vahideh , Hushmandi Kiavash , Hashemi Farid , Kumar Anuj , Samarghandian Saeed , Najafi Masoud , Zarrabi Ali 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Lung cancer has the first place among cancer-related deaths worldwide
and demands novel strategies in the treatment of this life-threatening disorder. The aim of this review
is to explore the regulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by long non-coding
RNAs (lncRNAs) in lung cancer.

Introduction:
LncRNAs can be considered as potential factors for targeting in cancer therapy,
since they regulate a bunch of biological processes, e.g. cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis.
The abnormal expression of lncRNAs occurs in different cancer cells. On the other hand,
epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical mechanism participating in migration and
metastasis of cancer cells.

Method:
Different databases, including Google Scholar, Pubmed and Science direct, were
searched for collecting articles using keywords such as “LncRNA”, “EMT”, and “Lung cancer”.

Results:
There are tumor-suppressing lncRNAs that can suppress EMT and metastasis of lung cancer
cells. Expression of such lncRNAs undergoes down-regulation in lung cancer progression and
restoring their expression is of importance in suppressing lung cancer migration. There are tumor-
promoting lncRNAs triggering EMT in lung cancer and enhancing their migration.

Conclusion:
LncRNAs are potential regulators of EMT in lung cancer, and targeting them, both
pharmacologically and genetically, can be of importance in controlling the migration of lung cancer
cells.