bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estradiol exerts a neuroprotective effect on SH‐SY5Y cells through the miR‐106b‐5p/TXNIP axis
Authors: Pan Qiong , Guo Ke , Xue Min , Tu Qiuyun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease. Thioredoxin and thioredoxin‐interacting protein (TXNIP) complexes help sustain cell oxidation/reduction balance. In the present study, we verified the neuroprotective role of estradiol against amyloid‐beta 42 in SH‐SY5Y cells through inhibiting TXNIP expression, promoting cell viability and DNA synthesis ability, inhibiting cell apoptosis, and affecting caspase and Bax/Bcl‐2 apoptotic signaling. miR‐106b‐5p could bind to TXNIP 3′‐untranslated region to inhibit the expression level of TXNIP. Within SH‐SY5Y cells, miR‐106b‐5p inhibition repressed cell viability and DNA synthesis ability and promoted cell apoptosis through caspase and Bax/Bcl‐2 apoptotic signaling, while miR‐106b‐5p overexpression or TXNIP knockdown exerted the opposite effects on SH‐SY5Y cells; TXNIP knockdown remarkably attenuated the roles of miR‐106b‐5p inhibition. In conclusion, estradiol treatment on SH‐SY5Y cells downregulates TXNIP expression and upregulates miR‐106b‐5p expression. miR‐106b‐5p exerts a neuroprotective effect on SH‐SY5Y cells by promoting cell proliferation and inhibiting cell apoptosis through targeting TXNIP.
Gender differences in African Americans' reactions to and coping with discrimination: Results from The National Study of American Life
Authors: Sullivan Jas M. , Harman Moriah , Sullivan Samaah 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to examine coping behaviors in the context of discrimination and possible gender‐specific differences among a national sample of African American adults in the 2001–2003 National Survey of American Life (NSAL). Results show that in multivariable logistic regression models, African American women (vs. African American men) were less likely to accept discrimination as a fact of life but were more likely to get mad about experiences of discrimination, pray about it, and talk to someone. After adjusting for differences in the frequency of discrimination, African American women were also significantly more likely to try to do something about it. African American men were more likely to accept discrimination as a fact of life with higher frequency of day‐to‐day discrimination while women tended to talk to someone with a higher frequency of day‐to‐day discrimination and lifetime discrimination. These findings suggest gender differences in behavior concerning discrimination.
Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate stimulates StAR expression and progesterone production in human granulosa cells through the 67‐kDa laminin receptor‐mediated CREB signaling pathway
Authors: Fang Lanlan , Guo Yanjie , Li Yiran , Jia Qiongqiong , Han Xiaoyu , Liu Boqun , Chen Jiaye , Cheng Jung‐Chien , Sun Ying‐Pu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractEpigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant and biologically active catechins extracted from green tea. The health benefits of EGCG have been extendedly studied. Ovarian steroidogenesis plays a pivotal role in maintaining normal reproductive function. Granulosa cells in the ovary are essential for steroid hormone production. To date, the effect of EGCG on steroidogenesis in human granulosa cells remains unclear. In the present study, we examine the physiological concentrations of EGCG on steroidogenesis in a steroidogenic human granulosa‐like tumor cell line, KGN. Our results demonstrate that treatment with EGCG upregulates steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) expression and increases progesterone (P4) production. EGCG does not affect the expression levels of other steroidogenesis‐related enzymes, such as P450 side‐chain cleavage enzyme, 3β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, and aromatase. In addition, we identify the expression of 67‐kDa laminin receptor (67LR) in KGN cells. Moreover, EGCG‐induced StAR expression and P4 production require the 67LR‐mediated activation of the PKA‐CREB signaling pathway. These results provide a better understanding of the function of EGCG on ovarian steroidogenesis, which may lead to the development of alternative therapeutic approaches for reproductive disorders.
Evaluating the antibacterial effect of synthesized herbal toothpastes and their efficacy for dentine tubule occlusion: Scanning electron microscopy and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy analysis
Authors: Peyro Mousavi Seyedeh Fatemeh , Ganjovi Alireza , Eskandarizadeh Ali , Saidi Ali Reza , Isaei Elham 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe tubule occlusion of two newly developed herbal toothpastes was examined. They were prepared based on the mixture of pomegranate peel and Equisetum arvense extracts with strontium acetate. The antimicrobial activity of pomegranate peel and E. arvense were determined using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Then, 30 mid‐coronal dentin discs from the human third molars were etched for 30 s with the lemon juice (pH = 2.4). The specimens divided into the three groups. While the control group had 6 specimens, Groups 1 and 2 were including 12 specimens. Group 1 brushed with toothpaste containing 10% strontium acetate and 5% hydroalcoholic extracts of pomegranate peel, and Group 2 brushed with 5% strontium acetate, 5% hydroalcoholic extracts of E. arvense, and 5% hydroalcoholic extracts of pomegranate peel. Brushing was simulated for 6 months with 2 N loading. Then, 50% of discs in each group were immersed in lemon juice for 1 min. Moreover, specimens in control group were brushed with distilled water. Finally, all 30 discs were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDXS). The occluded dentin tubules were counted and statistically evaluated. It was found that the number of open dentin tubules decreases significantly after brushing with both tested toothpastes compared with control group (p < .001). Moreover, a significant difference was observed between two toothpastes before and after acid immersion process (p < .001). The SEM micrographs confirmed the dentin tubule occlusion of both herbal dentifrices. Besides, EDXS analysis approved the strontium and silica presence on the dentin tubules for the toothpaste which was based on E. arvense.
Effective three‐dimensional culture of hepatocyte‐like cells generated from human adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Saito Yu , Ikemoto Tetsuya , Tokuda Kazunori , Miyazaki Katsuki , Yamada Shinichiro , Imura Satoru , Miyake Masato , Morine Yuji , Oyadomari Seiichi , Shimada Mitsuo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to clarify the effectiveness of a new three‐dimensional (3D) culture system for hepatocyte‐like cells (HLCs) generated from human adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs).MethodsHuman ADSCs (2 × 104) with or without 0.1 mg/mL human recombinant peptide μ‐piece per well were seeded in a 96‐well U‐bottom plate and then our three‐step differentiation protocol was applied for 21 days. At each step, cell morphology and gene expression were investigated. Mature hepatocyte functions were evaluated after HLC differentiation. These parameters were compared between 2D‐ and 3D‐cultured HLCs, and, DNA microarray analysis was also performed. Finally, HLCs were transplanted in to CCl4 induced acute liver failure model mice.ResultsTwo‐dimensional‐cultured HLCs at day 21 did not have a spindle shape and had formed spheroids after day 6, which gradually increased in size for 3D‐cultured HLCs. Definitive endoderm, hepatoblast, and hepatocyte genes showed significantly higher expression in the 3D culture group. Three‐dimensional‐cultured HLCs also had higher albumin expression, CYP3A4 activity, urea synthesis, and ammonium metabolism, and much higher expression of ion transporter, blood coagulation, and cell communication genes. HLC transplantation improved serum liver function, especially in T‐Bil levels, and engrafted into immunodeficient mice with HLA class I positive staining.ConclusionOur new 3D culture protocol is effective to improve hepatocyte functions. Our HLCs might be promising for clinical cell transplantation to treat metabolic disease.
Surgical navigation for challenging recurrent or pretreated intra‐abdominal and pelvic soft tissue sarcomas
Authors: Reijers Sophie J. M. , Heerink Wouter J. , Van Veen Ruben , Nijkamp Jasper , Hoetjes Nikie J. , Schrage Yvonne , Van Akkooi Alexander , Beets Geerard L. , Van Coevorden Frits , Ruers Theo J. M. , Groen Harald C. , Van Houdt Winan J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis study assessed whether electromagnetic navigation can be of added value during resection of recurrent or post‐therapy intra‐abdominal/pelvic soft tissue sarcomas (STS) in challenging locations.Materials and MethodsPatients were included in a prospective navigation study. A pre‐operatively 3D roadmap was made and tracked using electromagnetic reference markers. During the operation, an electromagnetic pointer was used for the localization of the tumor/critical anatomical structures. The primary endpoint was feasibility, secondary outcomes were safety and usability.ResultsNine patients with a total of 12 tumors were included, 7 patients with locally recurrent sarcoma. Three patients received neoadjuvant radiotherapy and three other patients received neoadjuvant systemic treatment. The median tumor size was 4.6 cm (2.4–10.4). The majority of distances from tumor to critical anatomical structures was <0.5 cm. The tumors were localized using the navigation system without technical or safety issues. Despite the challenging nature of these resections, 89% were R0 resections, with a median blood loss of 100 ml (20–1050) and one incident of vascular damage. Based on the survey, surgeons stated navigation resulted in shorter surgery time and made the resections easier.ConclusionElectromagnetic navigation facilitates resections of challenging lower intra‐abdominal/pelvic STS and might be of added value.
Topological Alterations in White Matter Structural Networks in Blepharospasm
Authors: Guo Yaomin , Peng Kangqiang , Liu Ying , Zhong Linchang , Dang Chao , Yan Zhicong , Wang Ying , Zeng Jinsheng , Zhang Weixi , Ou Zilin , Liu Gang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundAccumulating evidence indicates regional structural changes in the white matter (WM) of brains in patients with blepharospasm (BSP); however, whether large‐scale WM structural networks undergo widespread reorganization in these patients remains unclear.ObjectiveWe investigated topology changes and global and local features of large‐scale WM structural networks in BSP patients compared with hemifacial spasm (HFS) patients or healthy controls (HCs).MethodsThis cross‐sectional study applied graph theoretical analysis to assess deterministic diffusion tensor tractography findings in 41 BSP patients, 41 HFS patients, and 41 HCs. WM structural connectivity in 246 cortical and subcortical regions was assessed, and topological parameters of the resulting graphs were calculated. Networks were compared among BSP, HFS, and HCs groups.ResultsCompared to HCs, both BSP and HFS patients showed alterations in network integration and segregation characterized by increased global efficiency and modularity and reduced shortest path length. Moreover, increased nodal efficiency in multiple cortical and subcortical regions was found in BSP and HFS patients compared with HCs. However, these differences were not found between BSP and HFS patients. Whereas all participants showed highly similar hub distribution patterns, BSP patients had additional hub regions not present in either HFS patients or HCs, which were located in the primary head and face motor cortex and basal ganglia.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the large‐scale WM structural network undergoes an extensive reorganization in BSP, probably due to both dystonia‐specific abnormalities and facial hyperkinetic movements. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
A novel mutation in COL3A1 associates to vascular Ehlers–Danlos syndrome with predominant musculoskeletal involvement
Authors: Ruscitti Federica , Trevisan Lucia , Rosti Giulia , Gotta Fabio , Cianflone Annalia , Geroldi Alessandro , Origone Paola , Pichiecchio Anna , Viglio Simona , Iascone Maria , Mandich Paola 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundVascular Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (vEDS) is a heritable connective tissue disorder caused by defects in the type III collagen protein. It is generally considered the most severe form of Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (EDS) due to an increased risk of spontaneous artery or organ rupture. vEDS has an extremely heterogeneous presentation and muscle rupture is considered a minor diagnostic criterium.MethodsA patient with a long history of inconclusive examinations and investigations was referred to our unit. The clinical picture was mainly characterized by muscle ruptures, whereas the cardiovascular involvement was limited to mitral regurgitation. We performed a panel analysis of genes associated with inheritable heart diseases using the TruSight Cardio kit (Illumina). A skin biopsy was then performed for functional studies to analyze the different forms of collagen molecules produced in vitro by cutaneous fibroblasts.ResultsThe patient presented the novel variant c.3478A>G (p.Ile1160Val) in COL3A1 (NM_000090.3), whose pathogenicity was supported by biochemical analysis of type III collagen.ConclusionIn this report, we describe a case of vEDS with predominant and severe musculoskeletal involvement. Our findings provide insight into genetic variants and clinical expression of vEDS, broadening the clinical scenario of the syndrome.
Activation of cAMP‐dependent phosphorylation pathways is independent of ROS production during mouse sperm capacitation
Authors: Takei Gen L. , Tourzani Darya A. , Paudel Bidur , Visconti Pablo E. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMammalian sperm have to undergo capacitation to fertilize the egg. At the molecular level, capacitation involves cAMP synthesis, protein kinase A activation, and downstream increase in tyrosine phosphorylation. In addition, during capacitation, mammalian sperm actively generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). It has been proposed that ROS modulate phosphorylation pathways; however, the crosstalk between these signaling processes is not well‐understood. In the present study, we used loss‐ and gain‐of‐function approaches to evaluate the interconnection between ROS and phosphorylation. We showed that BSA and HCO3−, but not Ca2+, in the capacitation media are required for ROS production. The synergic effect of these compounds was neither mediated by HCO3− stimulation of cAMP synthesis nor by BSA‐induced cholesterol efflux. The capacitation‐induced ROS generation was blocked in the presence of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and apocynin. However, none of these compounds affected cAMP‐dependent or tyrosine phosphorylation. On the other hand, the addition of NADPH to the media induced ROS generation in sperm incubated in the absence of BSA and HCO3− without upregulating cAMP‐dependent or tyrosine phosphorylation signaling. Most interestingly, catalase, but not SOD, blocked in vitro fertilization suggesting a role for H2O2 in this process.
In vivo evidence of differential frontal cortex metabolic abnormalities in progressive and relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis
Authors: Swanberg Kelley M. , Prinsen Hetty , DeStefano Katherine , Bailey Mary , Kurada Abhinav V. , Pitt David , Fulbright Robert K. , Juchem Christoph 
Published: July 2021

The pathophysiology of progressive multiple sclerosis remains elusive, significantly limiting available disease‐modifying therapies. Proton MRS (1H‐MRS) enables in vivo measurement of small molecules implicated in multiple sclerosis, but its application to key metabolites glutamate, γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA), and glutathione has been sparse. We employed, at 7 T, a previously validated1H‐MRS protocol to measure glutamate, GABA, and glutathione, as well as glutamine,N‐acetyl aspartate, choline, and myoinositol, in the frontal cortex of individuals with relapsing‐remitting (N = 26) or progressive (N = 21) multiple sclerosis or healthy control adults (N = 25) in a cross‐sectional analysis. Only individuals with progressive multiple sclerosis demonstrated reduced glutamate (F2,65 = 3.424,p = 0.04; 12.40 ± 0.62 mM versus control 13.17 ± 0.95 mM,p = 0.03) but not glutamine (F2,65 = 0.352,p = 0.7; 4.71 ± 0.35 mM versus control 4.84 ± 0.42 mM), reduced GABA (F2,65 = 3.89,p = 0.03; 1.29 ± 0.23 mM versus control 1.47 ± 0.25 mM,p = 0.05), and possibly reduced glutathione (F2,65 = 0.352,p = 0.056; 2.23 ± 0.46 mM versus control 2.51 ± 0.48 mM,p < 0.1). As a group, multiple sclerosis patients demonstrated significant negative correlations between disease duration and glutamate or GABA (ρ = −0.4,p = 0.02) but not glutamine or glutathione. Alone, only relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis patients exhibited a significant negative correlation between disease duration and GABA (ρ = −0.5,p = 0.03). Taken together, these results indicate that frontal cortex metabolism is differentially disturbed in progressive and relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis.
Predictors of short‐term outcomes of burn in a newly established burn centre in Iran
Authors: Jafaryparvar Zakiyeh , Adib Masoomeh , Ghanbari Atefeh , Ali Yazdanipour Mohammad 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimThis study aimed to determine the predictors of hospital stay and mortality in patients with burns.DesignThis is a cross‐sectional, retrospective study.MethodsThis study was performed on 626 medical records in Velayat Subspecialty Burn and Plastic Surgery Center in Rasht, Iran, during 2008–2013.ResultsMen comprised 78.4% of the study population. Overall, 50.2% of the participants lived in rural areas, and 72.5% were married. The majority of burns occurred at home (49.5%), and thermal factor (87.4%) was the major cause of burn injuries. Also, 6.9% of the patients died after burns. The mean length of hospital stay was 12.62 ± 13 days. Age (OR = 1.07), total body surface area (TBSA%) (OR = 1.12) and length of ICU stay (OR = 1.06) were the strongest predictors of mortality. Gender (IRR = 0.85), TBSA% (IRR = 1.01), location of burn (IRR = 1.1), skin graft (IRR = 2.12), length of ICU stay (IRR = 1.04), re‐hospitalization (IRR = 1.77) and burn degree (IRR = 1.09) were the predictors of the length of hospital stay.ConclusionBSA is still an important predictor of mortality and length of hospital stay, as the most important short‐term outcomes of burns.
Heat loss coefficients computed for floating PV modules
Authors: Lindholm Dag , Kjeldstad Torunn , Selj Josefine , Marstein Erik Stensrud , Fjær Hallvard Gustav 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFor floating PV (FPV), the operating temperature of the PV modules has been a major source of uncertainty. As the operating temperature of PV modules affects their efficiency, knowledge of this parameter is critical in order to perform accurate energy yield assessment (EYA). This uncertainty is reflected in the scientific literature but has also hampered the bankability and realization of commercial FPV projects. Our work proposes a model that computes both the efficiency of heat loss to the environment for a given FPV technology and the operational cell temperature, needed to compute the module efficiency. The suggested model is applicable to different FPV technologies. We show that PV modules that are not in direct thermal contact with water have similar heat loss behavior as land‐based PV. We thereafter investigate a specific technology in which the modules are mounted on a membrane resting directly on the water body. The model is validated against actual production and weather data from deployed FPV systems. Our results show that the water temperature impacts both FPV technologies, however to a smaller degree for the air‐cooled system, where the wind is of greater influence. When in direct thermal contact with water, the water body provides superior cooling, and the resulting U‐value of about 86.5 W/m2K is significantly larger than typical values reported for land‐based modules.
Energetic Derivatives of Nitroguanidine – Synthesis and Properties
Authors: Gratzke Mateusz , Cudziło Stanisław 
Published: July 2021

AbstractNitroguanidine is an individual explosive with an established reputation. It is widely used as a component of gunpowder, rocket propellants, and high explosives. Less known and appreciated, however, is its importance as a substrate in the synthesis of other explosive compounds with even better properties. In this work available information on synthetic methods, structure, and properties of compounds containing the nitroguanidine moiety was collected and analyzed. The most attention was paid to compounds that have already found practical applications and those with unique properties (high‐performance, low‐sensitivity), as well as compounds that can be further functionalized with energetic functional groups. The results of our literature search indicate that the nitroguanidine moiety should be treated as a particularly interesting building block from the point of view of the synthesis of new high‐energy compounds.
Rates and trends in stage‐specific prostate cancer incidence by age and race/ethnicity, 2000–2017
Authors: Cao Yubo , Zhang Wei , Li Yue , Fu Jia , Li Hongyuan , Li Xiulin , Gao Xue , Zhang Kaiyu , Liu Sa 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe 2008 and 2012 United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendations against prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) screening have led to changes in the incidence pattern of prostate cancer. We sought to examine rates and trends in stage‐specific prostate cancer incidence by age and race/ethnicity using the most recent data obtained from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program.MethodsSEER*Stat version 8.3.6 was used to analyze annual prostate cancer incidence rates between 2000 and 2017 according to the SEER summary stage, age group, and race/ethnicity group. Incidence rates per 100,000 men were calculated and age‐adjusted to 2000 US standard population. Annual percentage change (APC) was performed to identify the trend in prostate cancer incidence.ResultsBetween 2008 and 2012, trends in incidence of overall and localized prostate cancer significantly declined in comparison with between 2000 and 2007 (APC, −5.4 and −6.0, respectively). However, there was an increase in the incidence rate of both overall and localized prostate cancer from 2014 to 2017 (43.3–46 and 34–34.9 per 100,000 men, respectively). The incidence of regional prostate cancer significantly increased between 2013 and 2017 (5.9–6.8 per 100,000 men; APC, 4.3). Distant disease incidence increased continually between 2008 and 2012 (2.9–3.3 per 100,000 men; APC, 2.3) and between 2013 and 2017 (3.4–4.3 per 100,000 men; APC, 6.0). In addition, these increases in incidence occurred in men of all stratified age and race/ethnicity groups, except for men aged <50 years and American Indian/Alaska Native men.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that the longer‐term effects of USPSTF recommendations against PSA screening may have resulted in a reversal of downtrend in prostate cancer incidence, as incidence rates of overall and localized prostate cancer gradually increased from 2014 to 2017. Meanwhile, the trend in stage migration toward advanced disease increased incrementally.