bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pidotimod and Immunological Activation in Individuals Infected with HIV
Authors: Ucciferri Claudio , Falasca Katia , Reale Marcella , Tamburro Manuela , Auricchio Antonio , Vignale Francesca , Vecchiet Jacopo 
Published: January 2021

Background:
The improvements in HIV infection therapy and the large availability of
antiretroviral drugs have led to an increased survival among HIV infected people, and simultaneously
to a raised morbidity and mortality due to not-AIDS-related events in this group compared to
the general population. An increased systemic inflammation and a persistent immune activation
play a pivotal role in determining high rates of non-AIDS comorbidities. In the last years, many natural
or synthetic immunomodulatory molecules acting by different mechanisms have been conceived.
Pidotimod is a synthetic dipeptide molecule showing immunomodulatory properties. The
aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the effects of Pidotimod supplementation on residual inflammation
in HIV infected population.

Methods:
Forty HIV positive individuals under cART were enrolled: 30 were treated with Pidotimod
supplementation (study group) and 10 served as control group (without Pidotimod supplementation).
For all participants, Cystatin C, PCR, ESR, microalbuminuria, TNF-α, INF-γ, IL-4, IL-10,
IL1β, IL-18 and IL-2 were measured at enrolment (T0), 4 weeks after of Pidotimod supplementation
(T1), and 4 weeks after completing supplementation (T2).

Results:
In HIV positive participants treated with Pidotimod, the evaluation of cytokine levels
showed that IL-10, IFN gamma, and IL-4 were significantly higher at enrolment compared to the
control group. The increase under Pidotimod treatment persisted after supplementation suspension,
while the pro-inflammatory cytokines levels were reduced. Salivary IgA also increased during 4
weeks of supplementation and persisted at 4 weeks after completing supplementation. On the other
hand, the Cystatin C and microalbuminuria levels decreased over time, at a greater extent the Cystatin
C serum levels.

Conclusions:
The study findings showed that the HIV population receiving Pidotimod achieved a rebalancing
of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines as well as a significant reduction
in cystatin C levels. The treatment further allowed for an increase in salivary IgA levels at all the
analyzed times, as a secondary event to a remodulation of the immunological status obtained with
pidotimod. This approach could represent a new way to design new intervention strategies aimed at
improving the persistent immune activation status in the virologically suppressed HIV population.
How can Archaeological Scientist Integrate the Typological and Stylistic Characteristics with Scientific Results: A Case Study on Bronze Spearheads Unearthed from the Shuangyuan Village, Chengdu City, Southwest China
Authors: Wang Xiaoting , Yang Yingdong , Wang Tianyou , Chen Dian , Luo Wugan 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Bronze spears are weapons with unique regional characteristics of the Shu
culture, Southwest China in the Bronze Age, which reflect the bronze manufacturing tradition and
the utilization of mineral resources of ancestors. Previous studies mainly focused on the classification,
the alloy composition, or the production of bronze spearheads of the Shu culture. The purpose
of this paper was to make a comprehensive discussion on the Shu culture from the aspects of the
relationship between typology and scientific characteristics, the differences in metal raw material
selection with the Ba culture, and the contact with the culture in the Central Plains.

Methods:
In this study, typology, portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (pXRF) and multicollector
inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) were used to analyze thirteen
bronze spearheads unearthed from Shuangyuan site, an Eastern Zhou cemetery in Chengdu
City, Sichuan Province, Southwest China.

Results:
The results show that the spearheads can be classified into three types in typology. All
samples are tin-lead ternary bronzes, and the lead isotope data indicate the lead ore. Most spearheads
show ordinary lead, and only one spearhead has highly radiogenic lead.

Conclusion:
The typical Shu-style bronze spearheads have distinct shapes but similar ore materials.
Meanwhile, people of the Ba culture and the Shu culture used different metal sources to make
bronze spearheads. In addition, a very special bronze spearhead suggests that ancestors of the Shu
culture in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty imitated the late Shang culture in the Central Plains.
“Can Nature Heal and be a Possible Remedy for the Management of Covid-19?”
Authors: Karthika Chenmala , Sureshkumar Raman 
Published: January 2021

Abstract:
The Covid-19 pandemic has become a major challenge for health care professionals and
researchers all over the world. The discovery and development of new drugs require time for passing
the quality, safety, and efficacy criteria. Hence the only available option is to rely on herbal or
natural remedies as well as other existing ones. Nature has its healing power and has the remedy
for all the ailments from which life on earth is struggling. For this pandemic situation also, nature
should have created a remedy but finding a loophole is in the hands of our researchers. In this hypothesis,
a novel combination strategy is introduced with the existing drugs such as hydroxychloroquine
and flavonoid in a volatile liquid-based Nanoformulation incorporated into an inhaler as a
possible remedy for the management of coronavirus infection. The synergistic activity of this combination
shall pave the way for an effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of COVID-19
symptoms.
A Realistic Approach for Anti-Inflammatory, Antinociceptive and Antimutagenic Activities, and Risk Assessment of the Aqueous Extract of Platanus orientalis L. Leaves
Authors: Yesilada Erdem , Akkol Esra K. , Aydin Ahmet , Hamitoğlu Muhammed 
Published: January 2021

Background::
Oriental planetree (Platanus orientalis) leaf was recorded as a remedy against inflammatory problems and to stop pain, i.e. toothache or knee pain in “The Canon of Medicines” by Avicenna and was also being documented in the Iranian Traditional Medicine. Although such a utilization has not been described in the reliable sources, recently use of its leaves as herbal tea has become popular among the laypeople. Previous studies have shown that only the nonpolar extract from the leaves may have such an efficacy, while possible benefits when it is used as herbal tea have not been investigated.

Objective::
The present study aims to reveal the possible efficacy and safety profile of aqueous extract from P. orientalis leaf.

Methods::
Aqueous extract of the leaves was submitted to in vivo and in vitro tests to determine its anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, antimutagenic activities and also reveal its safety profile.

Results::
The aqueous extract (400 mg/kg) procured weak and non-significant anti-inflammatory
and antinociceptive activities. Meanwhile, the aqueous extract demonstrated antimutagenic activity
in very high concentrations. On the other hand, results of safety evaluation showed that no concern
had been observed from the viewpoint of public health.

Conclusion::
Despite the popularity of the herbal tea prepared from the leaves of Oriental planetree among the people suffering joint problems to relieve pain, this study has proven that such application would not help them to alleviate their complaints when used as herbal tea.
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.): Exploring a Superfood from Andean Indigenous Cultures with Potential to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) Risk Markers
Authors: López-Cervantes Jaime , Sánchez-Machado Dalia , de la Mora-López David S. , Sanches-Silva Ana 
Published: January 2021

Background::
The pseudo-cereal quinoa has attracted worldwide attention in recent years, due to it being considered a functional food. This stress-tolerant crop has historically been used by Andean cultures as a staple food. Nowadays, the consumption of quinoa in high-income countries is increasing due to it being associated with numerous health benefits, namely related with cardiovascular health.

Objective::
We have carried out an extensive review on quinoa, including its main uses, applications, and components (nutrients, antinutrients, and bioactives) and their relationship with biological activities and cardiovascular health.

Key findings and conclusions::
Quinoa possess numerous activities, including protection against cardiovascular, metabolic, and degenerative diseases, improvement of the immune system, reduction of symptoms associated with post-menopause, and promotion of muscle mass increase. Some of quinoa’s activities are due to its balanced amino acid profile, high fiber content, presence of phosphorus, iron, potassium, magnesium, vitamin E, and B vitamins. A plethora of bioactives can also be found in quinoa, such as phytosterols, saponins, phenolics, bioactive peptides, and phytoecdysteroids. More research is needed to better understand the mechanisms of action involved in the biological/therapeutic action of some quinoa components, namely those related with the potential to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk markers. The knowledge of factors that affect quinoa variability, such as processing conditions, is also of great importance for being able to obtain more benefits from this crop.
A Study on Security Issues and Attacks, Challenges and Future Improvements
in Cloud-based IoT
Authors: Nuthakki Praveena , Gunasekhar Thummuru 
Published: January 2021

:
The Internet of Things (IoT) has become a rising and dynamic research area. It is the integration
of numerous objects (things) to communicate information without human beings' intervention.
Inappropriately, because of the qualities resource-constrained and limited communication range, it
significantly relies upon the Cloud as outsourcing to store and compute the data. This reconciliation of
IoT with the Cloud has brought new issues and poses difficulties regarding protection and security
threats. The necessity for the wide arrangement of cloud-based IoT is rapidly expanding with significant
security-related issues. This work plots existing security methodologies and vulnerabilities near to
a portion of the current security strategies by a total review of existing work in the field of security in
cloud-based IoT. This paper concentrated on security and protection in terms of privacy by investigating
some potential difficulties and risks that should be resolved. The Cloud of Things (CoT) architectures
and present applications have been explored and focused on the middleware layer's attacks. Furthermore,
this paper outlines a concise scientific classification of the current security threats in cloudbased
IoT, plans, and communication. Finally, a few captivating open issues are given with promising
designs to trigger more research community research attempts.
Formulation Development of Folic Acid Conjugated PLGA Nanoparticles for Improved Cytotoxicity of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester
Authors: Kapare Harshad S. , Lohidasan Sathiyanarayanan , Sinnathambi Arulmozhi , Mahadik Kakasaheb 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Honey bee propolis is one of the natural product reported in various traditional systems of
medicines including Ayurveda. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is an active constituent of propolis which is well known
for its anticancer potential. The therapeutic effects of CAPE are restricted owing to its less aqueous solubility and low
bioavailability.

Objective:
In this study CAPE loaded folic acid conjugated nanoparticle system (CLFPN) was investigated to enhance
solubility, achieve sustained drug release and improved cytotoxicity of CAPE.

Methods:
Formulation development, characterization and optimization were carried out by design of experiment
approach. In vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity study was carried out for optimized formulations.

Results:
Developed nanoparticles showed particle size and encapsulation efficiency of 170 ± 2 - 195 ± 3 nm and 75.66 ±
1.52 - 78.80 ± 1.25 % respectively. Optimized formulation CLFPN showed sustained drug release over a period of 42 h.
GI50 concentration was decreased by 46.09% for formulation as compared to CAPE in MCF-7 cells indicating targeting
effect of CLFPN. An improved in vitro cytotoxic effect was reflected in in-vivo Daltons Ascites Lymphoma model by
reducing tumor cells count.

Conclusion:
The desired nanoparticle characteristic with improved in vivo and in vitro cytotoxicity was shown by developed
formulation. Thus it can be further investigated for biomedical applications.
The Performance Analysis and Motor Design of Electronic Water Pump Based on Pumplinx and Maxwell
Authors: Zhang Mingyue , Fan Xiaobin , Wang Feng , Gan Jing 
Published: January 2021

Background:
For the cooling system of the traditional new-type engine and new-energy vehicle,
the water pump is the core component. If the design of the water pump is not reasonable, the engine
will be overcooled or overheated, which will affect the efficiency of the engine. Therefore, it is significant
to propose a design method of electronic water pump for automobiles based on active regulation.

Objective:
In this study, an electric water pump was designed according to the following working condition:
n = 4200r/min Q = 90L/min, and H #8805: 4.4m. The flow, head, and efficiency and power of this electric
water pump will be discussed. And a brushless, direct current motor for this pump was designed and
analyzed.

Methods:
The flow details of the pump, such as pressure distribution, velocity distribution, and turbulent
kinetic energy distribution were obtained by Pumplinx. The head, efficiency, and power of the pump were
established by the analysis of the flow field of the pump. Then, based on the working conditions of the
pump mentioned above, a brushless direct current motor for the pump was designed by Maxwell and its
performance was also analyzed.

Results:
The experimental results showed that the maximum efficiency of the motor reached 72%, the
maximum efficiency point of the motor was near the rated speed, and the efficiency of the motor at rated
power was 66.31%.

Conclusion:
The results showed that the complex condition of running water inside the pump can be
exactly stimulated by the computational fluid dynamics technique, especially about the pump head and its
efficiency, which provided the theoretical foundation for the later application research and development
of automotive electronic water pump.
Peningkatan Kualitas Pembelajaran Praktik Rangkaian Listrik Melalui Penerapan Lesson Study
Authors: Surwi Faranita 
Published: January 2021

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mendapatkan pola penerapan pembelajaran berbasis lesson study pada mata kuliah Praktik Rangkaian Listrik, dan (2) mengetahui kompetensi yang dicapai mahasiswa pada mata kuliah Praktik Rangkaian Listrik yang menerapkan pembelajaran berbasis lesson study. Metode pengembangan sistem pembelajaran yang diterapkan adalah lesson research dengan lesson study model Lewis (2002). Berdasarkan hasil kajian diperoleh pola penerapan pembelajaran berbasis lesson study pada mata kuliah Praktik Rangkaian Listrik adalah: (1) mewajibkan mahasiswa mempelajari materi yang akan dipraktikkan; (2) dosen menyampaikan tujuan praktikum dan melakukan apersepsi dengan baik; (3) mengadakan pretest; (4) memberi penjelasan singkat tentang teori pendukung; (5) praktikum dilaksanakan secara kelompok dengan jumlah anggota 3-4 orang; (6) melaksanakan praktikum sesuai prosedur dan membuat laporan sementara; (7) adanya umpan balik terhadap data yang diperoleh, (8) mahasiswa diwajibkan untuk menganalisis data dan membuat laporan praktikum. Penerapan lesson study dapat meningkatkan kompetensi mahasiswa pada mata kuliah Praktik Rangkaian Listrik, adapun pencapaian nilai rata-rata untuk siklus I, II dan III berturut-turut sebesar 8,75; 8,77; dan 9,28. Kata Kunci: kompetensi, lesson study, praktik rangkaian listrik
UJI KELAYAKAN MULTIMEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF PADA STANDAR KOMPETENSI MEMASANG INSTALASI PENERANGAN LISTRIK BANGUNAN SEDERHANA DI SMK NASIONAL BERBAH
Authors: Serang Ginti Ismayana 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) melakukan perancangan dan pengembangan multimedia pembelajaran interaktif pada standar kompetensi memasang instalasi penerangan listrik bangunan sederhana, (2) mengetahui unjuk kerja multimedia pembelajaran interaktif, (3) mengetahui kelayakan multimedia pembelajaran interaktif penilaian ahli dan pengguna. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian dan pengembangan (research and development). Model pengembangan penelitian ini menggunakan model ADDIE yang terdiri: (1) analisis, (2) desain, (3) pengembangan dan implementasi, (4) evaluasi. Hasil uji pengguna akhir terhadap multimedia pembelajaran interaktif diketahui bahwa pada uji pengguna 1 siswa menyatakan bahwa multimedi pembelajaran interaktif “cukup layak”, 11 siswa menyatakan “layak”, dan 18 siswa menyatakan “sangat layak”. Hasil presentase ideal yang didapatkan sebesar 80,65 % dengan kategori “layak” digunakan sebagai multimedi pembelajaran interaktif. Kata kunci: Multimedia pembelajaran interaktif, ADDIE, Instalasi Penerangan Listrik
PROSES PERMESINAN CNC DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SIMULASI CNC
Authors: Prianto, M.Eng Eko 
Published: January 2021

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi materi untuk simulasi yang sesuai dalam proses pembelajaran CNC beserta pengenalan berbagai tahapan yang diperlukan dalam proses permesinan CNC. Program simulasi yang dipilih memiliki kemampuan untuk memberikan gambaran dalam menjalankan mesin CNC beserta pengendaliannya terutama untuk CNC sistem 3 axis. Artikel ini menjelaskan tentang syarat-syarat yang dibutuhkan sebuah dalam pembelajaran simulasi CNC yang sesuai. Syarat tersebut terkait dengan kompetensi yang harus dicapai oleh mahasiswa setelah mengikuti mata kuliah simulasi CNC. Kata Kunci : Simulasi, CNC, Pembelajaran
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI USER INTERFACE ANDROID UNTUK PENGUKUR JARAK BERBASIS ARDUINO DAN BLUETOOTH
Authors: Yatmono Sigit 
Published: January 2021

Aplikasi User Interface (UI) berbasis Android berkembang sangat pesat. Banyak aplikasi kendali sistem dan monitoring sistem berbasis UI Android. Salah satu yang coba diusulkan penulis adalah aplikasi UI Android untuk sistem monitoring jarak benda menggunakan sensor ultrasonik berbasis Arduino. Dalam sistem ini data jarak diperoleh dari pengukuran sensor ultrasonik yang kemudian diolah oleh Arduino Uno. Hasil pengukuran dari Arduino dikirimkan ke smartphone Android menggunakan komunikasi Bluetooth. Aplikasi UI yang dikembangkan menggunakan aplikasi Android RemoteXY. Kita bisa mengembangkan aplikasi UI lebih fleksibel melalui situs remoteXY.com. Kode hasil desain UI diubah ke kode sketch Arduino untuk diupload ke mikrokontroler Arduino. Dari hasil uji coba diperoleh hasil pengukuran jarak yang sesuai dengan jarak sebenarnya, dengan menggunakan penggaris , dan mampu tampil di layar smartphone Android. Selain menunjukkan jarak benda sistem monitoring juga bisa menunjukkan status jarak dari benda tersebut dalam rentang yang jauh atau dekat sesuai dengan pengaturan awal.Kata kunci: ultrasonik, Android, Arduino, Bluetooth
PENGEMBANGAN SOLAR PANEL DAN INVERTER SEBAGAI ALAT UNTUK CHARGING BATERAI PADA SEPEDA LISTRIK
Authors: Prianto Eko 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini betujuan untuk merancang sistem pengisian baterai menggunakan inverter sebagai penyedia energi listrik pada SLN, mengetahui kinerja dan efektifitas pengisian baterai menggunakan inverter dibandingken dengan sistem yang telah terpasang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Research and Development dengan mengembangkan sistem charging baterai menggunakan inverter pada sepeda listrik niaga (SLN) yang telah dibuat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengisian baterai pada Sepeda Listrik Niaga memiliki nilai yang lebih efektif dan proses pengisian baterai yang lebih cepat menggunakan inverter pada solar panel sebesar 300wp yang digunakan sebagai supply energi utamanya. Sistem pengisian baterai menggunakan inverter sebagai penyedia energi listrik pada SLN memerlukan waktu sebesar 10,182 jam untuk mengisi baterai 48 volt sampai penuh. Sehingga proses pengisian baterai menggunakan inverter lebih efektif dibandingken dengan sistem yang sebelumnya telah terpasang dengan rasio perbandingan pengisian baterai sebesar 1 : 2,94 atau tiga kali lebih efektif dibanding sistem sebelumnya. Kata Kunci: Sepeda Listrik, Solar Panel, Inverter
STUDI KINERJA KENDALI DAYA KANAL UPLINK 4G LTE BERDASARKAN SIGNAL TO INTERFERENCE RATIO (SIR)
Authors: Nugraha Sapta 
Published: January 2021

Abstract4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) has a standard for wireless communication with high-speed data access on cellular phones which have standard parameter i.e. power control. Power control is a method to avoid interference inter-users, as a result of power variations. Interference inter-users will cause performance limitations of the quality of service telecommunications operator. In this paper, we will design power control on the uplink channel based on the Signal to Interference Ratio (SIR) so that power level of mobile station (MS) are approximately equal. Simulation results show that power of MS can reach -7 dB, average time above 17 ms. The results of the SIR can order MS to equalize the SIR power levels transmitted by some MS with SIR reference value. Keywords: power control, uplink channel, SIR, mobile station Abstrak4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) memiliki standar komunikasi nirkabel akses data berkecepatan tinggi pada telepon seluler yang memiliki parameter standar yaitu kendali daya. Kendali daya merupakan metode untuk menghindari interferensi antar pengguna akibat variasi daya. Interferensi antar pengguna menyebabkan keterbatasan kinerja kualitas layanan operator telekomunikasi. Pada penelitian ini, akan dirancang kendali daya kanal uplink berdasarkan SIR agar daya mobile station (MS) mendekati sama. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa daya MS dapat mencapai -7 dB, rerata waktu di atas 17 ms. Hasil menunjukkan SIR dapat memerintahkan MS menyamakan daya yang ditransmisikan beberapa MS dengan nilai SIR referensi. Kata Kunci: kendali daya, kanal uplink, SIR, mobile station