bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Watching Movies Unfold, a Frame-by-Frame Analysis of the Associated Neural Dynamics
Authors: Monk Anna M. , Barry Daniel N. , Litvak Vladimir , Barnes Gareth R. , Maguire Eleanor A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOur lives unfold as sequences of events. We experience these events as seamless, although they are composed of individual images captured in between the interruptions imposed by eye blinks and saccades. Events typically involve visual imagery from the real world (scenes), and the hippocampus is frequently engaged in this context. It is unclear, however, whether the hippocampus would be similarly responsive to unfolding events that involve abstract imagery. Addressing this issue could provide insights into the nature of its contribution to event processing, with relevance for theories of hippocampal function. Consequently, during magnetoencephalography (MEG), we had female and male humans watch highly matched unfolding movie events composed of either scene image frames that reflected the real world, or frames depicting abstract patterns. We examined the evoked neuronal responses to each image frame along the time course of the movie events. Only one difference between the two conditions was evident, and that was during the viewing of the first image frame of events, detectable across frontotemporal sensors. Further probing of this difference using source reconstruction revealed greater engagement of a set of brain regions across parietal, frontal, premotor, and cerebellar cortices, with the largest change in broadband (1–30 Hz) power in the hippocampus during scene-based movie events. Hippocampal engagement during the first image frame of scene-based events could reflect its role in registering a recognizable context perhaps based on templates or schemas. The hippocampus, therefore, may help to set the scene for events very early on.
Anthropogenic load іs a leading factor in the morphological variability of Chondrula tridens (Gastropoda, Enidae) in the northwestern Azov Sea region
Authors: Koshelev O. I. , Gensytskyi M. V. , Koshelev V. O. , Yorkina N. V. , Kunakh O. M. 
Published: June 2021

Morphometric data are widely used in biology to assess intraspecific and inter-population variability and for bioindication and environmental condition assessment. The following hypotheses have been experimentally tested in the paper: 1) the vegetation type affects the change in the shell shape of Chondrula tridens martynovi Gural-Sverlova & Gural, 2010; 2) the change in the shell shape of this species is influenced by the biotope moisture regime; 3) the shell shape changes depending on the anthropogenic load level. The material in the form of empty, fully formed Ch. tridens shells was collected in 2019 in the north-western Azov region within the basin of the Molochna River. The collection points were located in settlements and outside them and differed in vegetation, moisture regime and level of anthropogenic load. The vegetation has been expertly attributed to two alternative types: herbaceous vegetation and tree plantations. By moisture level, the locations have been assessed as xerophytic and mesoxerophytic. The anthropogenic load levels have been assessed as low, medium and high. The study revealed that the morphological characteristics of Ch. tridens demonstrate a significant component of variability, which is due to the shell size. The shell size depends on the anthropogenic impact level. Under conditions of high anthropogenic impact, the shell size increases. Mollusks from locations with low and medium anthropogenic impact levels did not differ in shell size. After extraction of the size component, morphological properties develop three main trends of variability. The mouth apparatus development of mollusks does not depend on the vegetation type, but depends on the biotope moisture level and the anthropogenic transformation level. The mollusk shell elongation was observed to have the opposite dynamics of the height parameters in relation to the width and depended on the level of anthropogenic load. Rearrangement in the mouth apparatus depended on the biotope moisture level and the anthropogenic load level. There were distinguished four clusters, the quantitative morphological features of which allowed us to identify them as morphotypes. Each location was characterized by a combination of different morphotypes, according to which the sampling points may be classified. Morphotype 1 corresponds to biotopes with low level of anthropogenic load, morphotype 4 corresponded to biotopes with high anthropogenic load. Morphotypes 2 and 3 corresponded to moderate level of anthropogenic load. Vegetation type is not an important factor in determining the morphotypic diversity of populations. Under xerophytic conditions, morphotypes 2 and 3 are more common, and under mesoxerophytic conditions, morphotypes 1 and 4 are more common. The range of molluscs in different habitats needs to be expanded in the future to clarify climatic and other patterns.
Riesgo de úlceras por presión (UPP) en pacientes internados en las unidades de cuidados intensivos
Authors: Yoshimura de Campos Michelle Mayumi , Souza Mariana Fernandes Cremasco de , Whitaker Iveth Yamaguchi 
Published: June 2021

Introducción: Las limitaciones de la percepción sensorial, la inmovilidad, la sedación, la ventilación mecánica, la hipoperfusión tisular, el edema y la humedad se consideran factores que predisponen la aparición de úlceras por presión en pacientes en estado crítico. Objetivo: Caracterizar las úlceras por presión en pacientes críticos, determinar la asociación con variables demográficas, la hospitalización y las condiciones clínicas, e identificar los factores de riesgo para la aparición de úlceras por presión. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal mediante una muestra de pacientes > 18 años que no presentaban úlceras por presión al ingreso y habían estado hospitalizados >24 horas en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. La asociación de las úlceras por presión con las variables se verificó a través de la prueba U de Mann-Whitney, prueba de chi-cuadrado, razón de verosimilitud y el test exacto de Fisher. Los factores de riesgo se identificaron mediante regresión logística múltiple. Resultados: De 324 pacientes, 46 (14.2%) desarrollaron úlceras por presión con mayor frecuencia en las regiones sacra y calcánea. Los factores de riesgo para la aparición de úlceras por presión fueron la edad, la duración de la hospitalización y la estancia hospitalaria antes de ingresar a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Discusión: La alta incidencia, la localización y el estadio de las úlceras por lesión observadas revelan la vulnerabilidad del paciente de la unidad de cuidados intensivos a este tipo de lesiones. Entre los riesgos de las úlceras por presión se encuentran factores relacionados con el paciente, la hospitalización y la gravedad de la enfermedad, y su combinación debe valorarse en la evaluación diaria del paciente crítico. Conclusión: La aparición de úlceras por presión en pacientes críticos es un fenómeno multifactorial, para la que el reconocimiento de factores de riesgo puede contribuir a una rápida adopción de medidas para su prevención
Como citar este artículo: Campos, Michelle Mayumi Yoshimura de; Souza, Mariana Fernandes Cremasco de; Whitaker, Iveth Yamaguchi. Risco para lesão por pressão em pacientes de unidade de terapia intensiva. Revista Cuidarte. 2021;12(2):e1196. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.1196
Pandemia de Covid-19 y la atención especializada en oncología: relato de experiencia
Authors: Teixeira Tamara Otsuru Augustinho , Moura Veronica Torel de , Santos Gislene Padilha dos , Carneiro Ieda Aparecida , De Domenico Edvane Birelo Lopes 
Published: June 2021

Introducción: La pandemia de Covid-19 trajo muchos desafíos para la atención oncológica, generando nuevos diseños operativos en las esferas de gestión y atención. Objetivo: Describir las experiencias de implementación de procesos administrativos y de atención de instituciones proveedoras de atención oncológica durante la pandemia de Covid-19. Métodos: Reporte de caso, descriptivo, cualitativo. Las experiencias del reporte cubren el período del 5 de marzo al 31 de enero de 2021. Los informes provienen de diferentes instituciones en el municipio de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil. Resultados: Los 3 reportes describen acciones tales como: detección de pacientes para las estrategias de telemedicina y tele enfermería; preparación de entornos libres de Covid-19 para la seguridad de profesionales y pacientes; refuerzo de acciones educativas para generación de conocimiento y adopción de comportamientos seguros para profesionales y pacientes, entre otros. Discusión: Los reportes describen como eje común la implementación de acciones para la seguridad de los pacientes, los profesionales y el medio ambiente, así como la continuidad de la atención oncológica. La literatura científica, las recomendaciones de consejos, sociedades y organizaciones fueron subsidiarias de las medidas instituidas. Conclusión: La novedad del confinamiento social debido al riesgo de propagación de COVID-19 demostró ser un campo fructífero para la incorporación de nuevas estrategias de gestión y asistencia oncológica. Ciertamente, habrá pérdidas y daños en el proceso de atención oncológica durante esta pandemia. En este contexto, el mapeo de la caída del diagnóstico de cáncer, así como de las interrupciones del tratamiento, es esencial para mitigar sus consecuencias. Como citar este artículo: Teixeira, Tamara Otsuru Augustinho; Moura, Veronica Torel de; Santos, Gislene Padilha dos; Carneiro, Ieda Aparecida; Domenico, Edvane Birelo Lopes De. Pandemia de Covid-19 e atendimento especializado em oncologia: relato de experiência. Revista Cuidarte. 2021;12(2):e1377. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.1377
Impact of treated sewage water on nutrient status of alfisols and vegetable crops
Authors: HAQ Shamsul , BHAROSE Ram , BHAT Rouf A. , OZTURK Munir , ALTAY Volkan , BHATTI Asma A. , DERVASH Moonisa Aslam , HAKEEM Khalid R. 
Published: June 2021

This study was conducted to determine the impact on the nutrient status of soil and vegetable crops irrigated with the treated sewage water. Three samples of water and five samples of soil and five commonly grown vegetables viz. radish, carrot, spinach, cauliflower, and potato were collected from Ganjia, Arail and Dandi located in Naini, Allahabad (India). The water samples were analysed for pH, EC, and heavy metals (Pb2+, Cr3+, Cd2+ and Ni2+) concentration. Water samples from all the sites were alkaline with EC below the safe limits. The soil and plant samples from all the three sites showed that Gangia recorded the highest value of EC (dS m-1), organic carbon (OC) (%), available NPK (kg ha-1), and micronutrients concentration (Mn2+, Zn2+ and Fe2+) (mg kg-1) whereas, the lowest concentration was recorded at Dandi followed by Arail. The soil samples collected from all three sites were alkaline. The nutrient status (N, P and K) showed the highest value in potato in the three sites, whereas manganese and zinc showed the highest value in spinach and iron in carrot. The study concludes that treated sewage water used for irrigation has a positive impact on nutrient status in soils and as well as in vegetable crops.
The Econometric Analysis of the Relationship Between Oil Price, Economic Growth and Export in OPEC Countries
Authors: ÇEMREK Fatih , BAYRAÇ Hüseyin Naci 
Published: June 2021

Oil is one of the main inputs demanded by the production, heating and transportation sectors in many developed and developing countries. In countries where the rate of industrialization and growth is high, dependence on oil is constantly increasing. Factors such as the fact that large oil reserves are located in certain regions of the world, differences in oil extraction costs, oil supply and demand imbalances cause oil prices to fluctuate.
The macroeconomic effects of fluctuations in oil prices affect the economies of oil exporting and importing countries in different ways. Oil price increases have an increasing effect on energy export revenues and government budget revenues in oil exporting countries. In oil importing countries, it has negative effects on production costs, external balance, growth and production capacity.
In an economy dependent on oil export revenues; the presence of new reserves or the increase in oil production changes the structure of production and export sectors in favor of oil. As a result of the increase in petroleum-weighted foreign trade, more foreign currency enters the country and the foreign trade balance deteriorates. In addition, shifting the investments in the country to petroleum and petroleum products predominantly causes the neglect of other sectors, in other words, to exclude the effect of their production and exports.
Countries that generate income based on oil exports lose their competitiveness in foreign markets because they cannot invest in R & D, technology and productivity. This situation causes countries to have an import-dependent economic structure, increase their current account deficits and decrease their growth rates.
The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between average annual crude oil price (nominal value in USD), gross domestic product (2010 prices and $) and export (2010 prices and $) for OPEC member countries by panel data analysis.
The promotion of international cooperation in the activities of the high commissioner for human rights in the Russian Federation
Authors: Goncharenko O. K. , Akhmetzyanov A. O. 
Published: June 2021

The article addresses issues related to the development of international cooperation as one of the key areas of activity of the High Commissioner for Human Rights in the Russian Federation. The special features regulating the activities of the High Commissioner, including the novelty in the national legislation and international standards in this area have been presented. Special attention has been given to the directions and forms of cooperation of the High Commissioner with national human rights institutions of foreign states, universal and regional international organizations, integration associations of ombudsmen. Examples of the interaction of the High Commissioner with the United Nations and the Council of Europe at the present stage have been provided. The efforts of the High Commissioner to protect the rights of the Russian citizens and compatriots living abroad have been highlighted. The article presents the development and strengthening of such concept as “human rights diplomacy”. The aspects of the establishment and promotion of the Eurasian Ombudsman Alliance have been reflected.In conclusion, the authors make recommendations on the extension of the competence of the High Commissioner.
The Development of Foundational and New Literacies with Digital Tools Across the European Higher Education Area
Authors: McCallum Lee 
Published: June 2021

The 21st century EFL writing classroom continues to transform from one that focuses on the building blocks of being able to write, to one that is characterised by a view that writing is digitally-informed and led. This paper synthesises research that documents the perceived gains of using digital tools to, on the one hand, improve students’ foundational literacies in English writing, and on the other hand, to develop ‘new’ digitally oriented literacies that exist and arise from the use of these tools. The focus of the synthesis is on member countries that are included in the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) initiative. The paper presents a systematic review of studies in international and local journals from 2000 - 2020. The review provides an overview of the foci of the studies, the types of writing, tasks and technologies being used, the approaches taken to evaluate and provide feedback on students’ writing, and the influence digital literacies may have on fostering these foundational literacies. The paper concludes by considering gaps in the EHEA landscape and offers recommendations for further development.
Furniture as Feature in Coworking Spaces. Spots in Oporto City as Case Study
Authors: Cruz Rita , Franqueira Teresa , Pombo Fátima 
Published: June 2021

In a few decades, the digital age came into our lives changing lifestyles and social behaviours, forcing the world to rethink daily experiences, including those taking place in the workplaces. The digital nomadism that facilitates the mobility and flexibility of work meets the requirements of today's society and stimulates the emergence of coworking spaces. Furniture design also needs to approach the new demands of current lifestyle. Within this context, the article intends to find out the role that furniture plays in such spaces. The research was carried out by studying a random sample of coworking spaces in Oporto. An interview and a survey were conducted to the coworking space users in order to identify the furniture’s common denominator in those places considering the pairs ergonomic function/comfort, materials/sustainability and flexibility/form as main parameters. The principal output of this study is to attract the attention of designers to the importance of furniture when considering the quality of coworking spaces in its multifunctional capacities in the context of a responsible, ecologic and sustainable society.
Measurement of interstation phase and group velocities andQusing Wiener filtering
Authors: Taylor Steven R. , Nafi Toksöz M. 
Published: June 2021

abstractA method for calculating interstation phase and group velocities and attenuation coefficients using a Wiener (least-squares) filtering technique is presented. The interstation Green's (or transfer) function is estimated from surface wave data from two stations laying along the same great circle path. The estimate is obtained from a Wiener filter which is constructed to estimate the signal recorded at the station further from the source from the signal recorded at the nearer station.The interstation group velocity is obtained by applying the multiple-filtering technique to the Green's function, and the interstation phase velocity from the phase spectrum of the Green's function. The amplitude spectrum of the Green's function is used to calculate average attenuation between the two stations. Using synthetic seismograms contaminated by noise, it is shown that the Q values calculated from the Green's function are significantly more stable and accurate than those obtained by taking spectral ratios.The method is particularly useful for paths involving short station separations and is applied to a surface wave path crossing the Iranian Plateau.
Estimates ofQin central Asia as a function of frequency and depth using the coda of locally recorded earthquakes
Authors: Roecker S. W. , Tucker B. , King J. , Hatzfeld D. 
Published: June 2021

abstractDigital recordings of microearthquake codas from shallow and intermediate depth earthquakes in the Hindu Kush region of Afghanistan were used to determine the attenuation factors of the S-wave coda (Qc) and primary S waves (Qβ). An anomalously rapid decay of the coda shortly after the S-wave arrival, observed also in a study of coda in central Asia by Rautian and Khalturin (1978), seems to be due primarily to depth-dependent variations in Qc. In particular, we deduce the average Qc in the crust and uppermost mantle (&lt;100-km depth) is approximately four times lower than the deeper mantle (&lt;400-km depth) over a wide frequency range (0.4 to 24 Hz). Further, while Qc generally increases with frequency at any depth, the degree of frequency dependence of Qc depends on depth. Except at the highest frequency studied here (∼48 Hz), the magnitude of Qc at a particular frequency increases with depth while its frequency dependence decreases. For similar depths, determinations of Qβ and Qc agree, suggesting a common wave composition and attenuation mechanism for S waves and codas. Comparison of these determinations of Qc in Afghanistan with those in other parts of the world shows that the degree of frequency dependence of Qc correlates with the expected regional heterogeneity. Such a correlation supports the prejudice that Qc is primarily influenced by scattering and suggests that tectonic processes such as folding and faulting are instrumental in creating scattering environments.
Analysis of the El Centro differential array for the 1979 Imperial Valley earthquake
Authors: Smith Stewart W. , Ehrenberg John E. , Hernandez E. Norman 
Published: June 2021

abstract
Two methods of analysis have been applied to the El Centro differential array data from the 1979 Imperial Valley earthquake. Spectral ratios of array averages were developed as one way of estimating the spatial averaging of ground motion. This spatial averaging will result in a reduction in the high-frequency motion experienced by a large rigid foundation that is assumed to move as a single unit. As an alternative, covariance measurements in several frequency bands were made to illustrate how the fraction of the power propagating as single traveling wave decreases with increasing distance between stations. Base averaging reduction factors determined from these analyses show that reductions of 10 to 30 per cent would be expected for this particular earthquake for foundations of about 50 m in dimension and for frequencies above 20 Hz. The effect is frequency-dependent and does not show any significant reduction at frequencies below 5 Hz. For this particular situation, at a distance from the rupture surface of about 5 km, the reduction is more pronounced for horizontal components than for vertical components.
Long-period mechanism of the 8 November 1980 Eureka, California, earthquake
Authors: Lay Thorne , Given Jeffrey W. , Kanamori Hiroo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe seismic moment and source orientation of the 8 November 1980 Eureka, California, earthquake (Ms = 7.2) are determined using long-period surface and body wave data obtained from the SRO, ASRO, and IDA networks. The favorable azimuthal distribution of the recording stations allows a well-constrained mechanism to be determined by a simultaneous moment tensor inversion of the Love and Rayleigh wave observations. The shallow depth of the event precludes determination of the full moment tensor, but constraining Mzx = Mzy = 0 and using a point source at 16-km depth gives a major double couple for period T = 256 sec with scalar moment M0 = 1.1 · 1027 dyne-cm and a left-lateral vertical strike-slip orientation trending N48.2°E. The choice of fault planes is made on the basis of the aftershock distribution. This solution is insensitive to the depth of the point source for depths less than 33 km. Using the moment tensor solution as a starting model, the Rayleigh and Love wave amplitude data alone are inverted in order to fine-tune the solution. This results in a slightly larger scalar moment of 1.28 · 1027 dyne-cm, but insignificant (&lt;5°) changes in strike and dip. The rake is not well enough resolved to indicate significant variation from the pure strike-slip solution. Additional amplitude inversions of the surface waves at periods ranging from 75 to 512 sec yield a moment estimate of 1.3 ± 0.2 · 1027 dyne-cm, and a similar strike-slip fault orientation. The long-period P and SH waves recorded at SRO and ASRO stations are utilized to determine the seismic moment for 15- to 30-sec periods. A deconvolution algorithm developed by Kikuchi and Kanamori (1982) is used to determine the time function for the first 180 sec of the P and SH signals. The SH data are more stable and indicate a complex bilateral rupture with at least four subevents. The dominant first subevent has a moment of 6.4 · 1026 dyne-cm. Summing the moment of this and the next three subevents, all of which occur in the first 80 sec of rupture, yields a moment of 1.3 · 1027 dyne-cm. Thus, when the multiple source character of the body waves is taken into account, the seismic moment for the Eureka event throughout the period range 15 to 500 sec is 1.3 ± 0.2 · 1027 dyne-cm.