bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activated Gas Tungsten Arc Welding Process Optimization Using Artificial Neural Network and Heuristic Algorithms
Authors: Moghaddam Masoud Azadi , Kolahan Farhad 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Apart from different merits of using conventional gas tungsten arc welding (C-GTAW) process, shallow penetration has been considered as the most important drawback of the process. Recently, in order to cope with the low penetration, using a paste like coating of activating flux during welding process known as activated GTAW (A-GTAW) has been proposed. In this paper, effect of A-GTAW process input parameters (welding speed (S), welding current (C)) and percentage of activating fluxes (TiO2 and SiO2) combination (F)) on the most important quality characteristics (weld bead width (WBW), depth of penetration (DOP), and consequently aspect ratio (ASR)) for AISI316L parts have been considered. The data needed for the modeling and optimization objectives, box-behnken design (BBD) of experiments, back propagation neural network (BPNN), simulated annealing (SA), and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms have been employed. Moreover, PSO algorithm has been used to determine the proper ANN architecture (hidden layers number and their corresponding neurons/nodes) and optimize the proper ANN model to obtain the desired aspect ratio, maximum depth of penetration, and minimum weld bead width. Next, SA algorithm has been used to avoid getting trapped in local minima. Finally, confirmation experimental tests have been carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. Due to the obtained results, the suggested method for modeling and optimization of A-GTAW process is quite efficient (with less than 4% error).
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress as a Key Mechanism in Stunted Growth of Seawater Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss)
Authors: Morro Bernat , Broughton Richard , Balseiro Pablo , Handeland Sigurd O. , Mackenzie Simon , Doherty Mary K. , Whitfield Phillip D. , Shimizu Munetaka , Gorissen Marnix , Sveier Harald , Albalat Amaya 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is a salmonid species with a complex life-history. Wild populations are naturally divided into freshwater residents and sea-run migrants. Migrants undergo an energy-demanding adaptation for life in seawater, known as smoltification, while freshwater residents display these changes in an attenuated magnitude and rate. Despite this, in seawater rainbow trout farming all animals are transferred to seawater. Under these circumstances, weeks after seawater transfer, a significant portion of the fish die (around 10%) or experience growth stunting (GS; around 10%), which represents an important profitability and welfare issue. The underlying causes leading to GS in seawater-transferred rainbow trout remain unknown. In this study, we aimed at characterising the GS phenotype in seawater-transferred rainbow trout using untargeted and targeted approaches. To this end, the liver proteome (LC-MS/MS) and lipidome (LC-MS) of GS and fast-growing phenotypes were profiled to identify molecules and processes that are characteristic of the GS phenotype. Moreover, the transcription, abundance or activity of key proteins and hormones related to osmoregulation (Gill Na+, K+–ATPase activity), growth (plasma IGF-I, and liver igf1, igfbp1b, ghr1 and ctsl) and stress (plasma cortisol) were measured using targeted approaches. Results: No differences in Gill Na+, K+–ATPase activity and plasma cortisol were detected between the two groups. However, a significant downregulation in plasma IGF-I and liver igf1 transcription pointed at this growth factor as an important pathomechanism for GS. Changes in the liver proteome revealed reactive-oxygen-species-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress as a key mechanism underlying the GS phenotype. From the lipidomic analysis, key observations include a reduction in triacylglycerols and elevated amounts of cardiolipins, a characteristic lipid class associated with oxidative stress, in GS phenotype. Conclusion: While the triggers to the activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress are still unknown, data from this study point towards either an unresolved infection or a nutritional deficiency as underlying drivers of this phenotype.
Clinical Characteristics And Outcomes of 16 Cases With COVID19 and Mucormycosis: Experience From A Tertiary Care Center In India and Review of Literature
Authors: Paul Saurav Sekhar , Kumar Rohit , Meena Ved Prakash , Ramprasad Aishwarya , Garg Prerna , Keri Vishakh C , Singh Komal , Dhir Ankita , Sakhtivel Pirabu , Vig Saurabh , Pandit Anuja , Tiwari Pavan , Singh Gagandeep , Dhamija Ekta , Soneja Manish , Xess Immaculata , Thakar Alok , Bhatnagar Sushma , Mohan Anant , Wig Naveet 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background-The sharp uptick in the cases of mucormycosis in the background of the COVID19 pandemic is a cause of concern and the reasons and it’s impact remains to be seen. We studied the clinical characteristics in patients with mucormycosis and COVID19 co-infection and performed a literature review.Methods-This retrospective study was conducted at tertiary centre in India. All patients admitted with COVID19 and mucormycosis were included, clinical details were obtained from hospital records. We did review of literatures using the terms “SARS-CoV2” OR “COVID19” AND “Mucormycosis” AND “co-infection” on Pubmed published before February 20, 2021.Results-Sixteen cases (M:F–13:3), mean age 46·5 years (24-75years), were included. Fourteen had known risk factors for mucormycosis, the most common being diabetes mellitus. Most patients (n=14) were symptomatic with mucormycosis before diagnosis of COVID19. There was delay in surgery by 22.5 days (IQR–>17.75–29.5), pending SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR negativity. There were six deaths in this cohort, unrelated to the COVID19 severity. The literature review revealed eleven case reports on co-infection. Patients who had developed mucormycosis were found to have history of mechanical ventilation.Conclusion-The apparent increase in the incidence of mucormycosis may be due to decompensation of underlying comorbidities (decreased access to healthcare), and increased use of immunosuppressants in COVID19. Patients with co-infection were noted to have poorer outcomes.
Probabilistically Weighted Multilayer Networks Disclose the Link Between Default Mode Network Instability and Psychosis-Like Experiences in Healthy Adults
Authors: Plinio Simone Di , Ebisch Sjoerd JH 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The brain is a complex system in which the functional interactions among its subunits vary over time. The trajectories of this dynamic variation contribute to inter-individual behavioral differences and psychopathologic phenotypes. Despite many methodological advancements, the study of dynamic brain networks still relies on biased assumptions in the temporal domain. The current paper has two goals. First, we present a novel method to study multilayer networks by modelling intra-nodal probabilistic connections in a biologically driven way. We introduce a temporal resolution of the multilayer network based on signal similarity within time series. This new method is tested on synthetic networks by varying the number of modules and the sources of noise in the simulation. Secondly, we implement these probabilistically weighted (PW) multilayer networks to study the association between network dynamics and subclinical, psychosis-relevant personality traits in healthy adults. We show that the PW method for multilayer networks outperforms the standard procedure in modular detection and is less affected by increasing noise levels. Additionally, the PW method highlighted associations between the temporal instability of default mode network connections and psychosis-like experiences in healthy adults. PW multilayer networks allow an unbiased study of dynamic brain functioning and its behavioral correlates.
Clinical Features And Neuroimaging Findings In Acute Cerebral Infarction Patients Using RAPID Artificial Intelligent (RAPID AI) Software Analysis – A Series Of 54 Cases
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc Huy , Hoang Minh Van , Rudd Anthony , Nguyen An Quang , Nguyen Thong Van , Tran Luc Quang , Nguyen Tuan Ngoc Minh 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Stroke is the second leading cause of death and the leading cause of permanent disability globally. Vietnam is a developing country with a high prevalence of stroke but is under-resourced in terms of specialist staff able to interpret complex brain imaging. Methods: A case series of 54 stroke patients admitted between October 2019 and October 2020 where thrombectomy was being considered and where ‘Rapid’ Artificial Intelligence (AI) was used to analyze images of stroke. Results: The mean age of patients was 73.39 ± 12.46 years with 57% male. The most common risk factors were (76%), atrial fibrillation (24%), diabetes (20%), alcohol (15%), and smoking (9%). The most common clinical signs were hemiparesis in 76% of the patients, followed by dysphasia in 50% and memory loss in 28% of the sample. 7% presented with dizziness and 7% with headache. 6% were unconscious on admission. ASPECTS evaluation showed that 24 (44%) patients had good ASPECTS scores of 8-10, 17 (32%) patients had ASPECTS scores of 5-7, and 13 (24%) patients had ASPECTS scores of 0-4. The number of patients with an infarct core volume <70 mL was 50 (93%), while a mismatch volume of >15 mL was observed in 31 (55%) patients and 22 (41%) patients had a mismatch ratio >1.8. The assessment of CT imaging of thrombi showed 51 cases of anterior cerebral circulation, including 13 (24%) cases diagnosed as ICA, 30 (76%) cases diagnosed as MCA, and 8 (15%) cases diagnosed as SA. There were 10 cases of MCA-M1 (19%), 7 cases of MCA-M2 and MCA-M4 (13%) cases and 6 cases of MCA-M3 (11%), respectively. There were three cases of posterior cerebral circulation, comprising Posterior Cerebral artery (PCA) infarction and two cases of Basilar Artery (BA) territory infarction. Conclusions: RAPID Artificial Intelligent (RAPID AI) Software Analysis combined with clinical assessment can be used in identify the size and site of cerebral infarction and diffusion perfusion mismatch in routine clinical practice in Vietnam.
Efficacy of Ibuprofen Gargle for Postoperative Pain After Mandibular Third Molar Extraction: A Phase II, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Randomized Crossover Trial
Authors: Kakei Yasumasa , Ioroi Takeshi , Ito Takahiro , Okazaki Yutaro , Hasegawa Takumi , Yano Ikuko , Akashi Masaya 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundExtraction of mandibular third molars is one of the most commonly performed oral surgical procedures, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used for pain management. Oral administration of NSAIDs produces various adverse events such as gastrointestinal disorders, renal and hepatic dysfunction, and platelet dysfunction. Topical use of analgesics has been proposed as an alternative to oral and injectable medications to safely improve postoperative pain relief. We will conduct a single-center, placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized crossover trial to assess the pain-relieving effect of an ibuprofen-containing gargle in patients undergoing extraction of mandibular third molars in comparison with a placebo gargle.MethodsThis study will be performed at Kobe University Hospital. Participants (n = 40) will be randomized equally to one of two groups. The IP group will receive ibuprofen gargle on postoperative day (POD) 1 and placebo gargle on POD 2. The PI group will receive placebo gargle on POD 1 and ibuprofen gargle on POD 2. Both groups will receive ibuprofen gargle on PODs 3 to 5 at least once daily. The primary objective is to estimate the within-subject difference in a visual analogue scale (VAS) before and 5 minutes after use of ibuprofen or placebo gargle on PODs 1 and 2. The secondary objectives are to estimate the within-subject difference in ΔVAS before and 15 minutes after use of ibuprofen or placebo gargle on PODs 1 and 2, the ΔVAS before and after 5 or 15 minutes of use of ibuprofen gargle on PODs 3 to 5, the overall effectiveness (self-completion, five scales) on PODs 1 to 5, the daily frequency of use (ibuprofen or placebo gargle and analgesics) on PODs 1 to 7, and the occurrence of adverse events.DiscussionThis will be the first well-designed clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of ibuprofen gargle for relieving postoperative pain after extraction of mandibular third molars. This trial will provide exploratory evidence of the efficacy and safety of ibuprofen gargle for pain reduction after mandibular third molar extraction.Trial registrationJapan Registry of Clinical Trials (jRCT) identifier: jRCTs051210022. Registered on 10 May 2021.
Insulin Injection Technique is Negatively Correlate to Short- and Long-run Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Long-Acting Insulin Analogue
Authors: Cheng Yan , Li Qing-he , Yi Fen-di , Chen Li-ping , Yuan Lei , Yan Ji-qiang , Gao Lan , Qi Yu -xia , Sun Qin , Ding Fu-wan , Wang Dong-ping 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objective: To observe the effects of insulin injection technique (IT) on short- or long-run glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients (T2D) with long-acting insulin analogue. Methods: This was a single-center, cross-over, observational and open-labled study. Patients with T2D receiving long-acting insulin analogue insulin were enrolled as inpatients. The study period lasting for 5 days including a 1-day screen period and 4-day continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) period. During CGM period, patients injected insulin themselves from day 1 to day 2, and patient’s insulin IT was given by two independent specialist nurses, with insulin injected by nurses from day 3 to day 4. The primary endpoint was the correlation between the insulin IT and the mean amplitude of glycemic excursion (MAGE). Results: A total of 60 diabetic inpatients were recruited and completed the study. The mean score of patients’ insulin IT of patients was lower than that of nurses (p<0.05). We observed that the MAGE value was significant different between the two injections period (P<0.05), and needle reuse and rotation of injection site were negatively correlated to MAGE and HbA1c values, respectively. Conclusion: Insulin IT was negatively correlation to short- or long-run glycemic control in T2D patients with long-acting insulin analogue therapy.
A Qualitative Study on the Working Experiences of Clinical Pharmacists in Fighting Against COVID-19
Authors: Wang Xiaojuan , Yao Xiali , Jia Xuedong , Shi Xiangfen , Hao Jie , Yang Yantao , Liu Gang , Zhang Xiaojian , Du Shuzhang , Yin Zhao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Along with the medical team, clinical pharmacists played a significant role during the public health emergency of COVID-19. However, to our knowledge, few studies on their work experience with combating COVID-19 have been published. Interviews with clinical pharmacists was conducted to better understand their roles. Through these interviews, further insight would be gained regarding the existing problems within pharmaceutical departments in medical institutions. This information could be used to amend emergency plans for when these departments encounter catastrophic public health events. Methods: A qualitative study design was employed with face-to-face and audio-recorded interviews being conducted with 13 clinical pharmacists. This group included nutritional pharmacists from two hospitals that were fighting against COVID-19 in Henan. All interviews were transcribed verbatim, and the interview data were analyzed thematically using Colaizzi software (version 11). Results: The results contributed to a deeper understanding of the clinical pharmacists’ work experiences providing consultation for the medical department. Four themes emerged from interview data, including the role played by clinical pharmacists, experiences encountered by clinical pharmacists, psychological feelings of clinical pharmacists, and career expectations of clinical pharmacists. Conclusions: This exploratory study provides preliminary evidence that some of the work experiences of clinical pharmacists were aligned. However, some deficiencies, such as lack of participation, were highlighted by the clinical pharmacists and these deficiencies are areas that need to be improved by the department of pharmacy.
The Effect of Educational-supportive Interventions on Distress Tolerance of Parents of Premature Infants Hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Quasi-experimental study
Authors: Pourmovahed Zahra , Mahmoodi Razieh , Abadi Hassan Zarei Mahmoud , Mahmoudi Mohammad Reza 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Parents of premature infants are more likely to be exposed to stressful situations than parents of term infants. This study aimed to explore the effect of educational-supportive interventions on the tolerance of parents of premature infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, the participants included 50 parents of premature infants admitted to one of the NICUs in Shiraz, Iran from October 2019 to May 2020. Parents were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The training package and its content were done for the intervention group in five 45-minute sessions for two weeks and three times in a week. The data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and Distress Tolerance Scale and analyzed by SPSS 24 using paired t-test, independent t-test, and chi-square test. It was considered statistically significant (P<0.05).Results: The mean scores of the mothers’ and fathers’ distress tolerance in the pre-intervention stage were 36.0 ± 6.1, 33.9 ± 7.4 in the control group (P<0.14) and (38.4±5.8), (38.0 ± 5.9) in the experimental group (P<0.001), respectively. After the intervention, mean scores of the mothers’ and fathers’ distress tolerance in the control group were (35.9 ± 5.3), (36.5 ± 6.3) and in the experimental group (54.7 ± 5.3), (53.0 ± 6.0), which compared to before intervention had a significant increase (P <0.001). Conclusion: Supportive-educational programs can increase distress tolerance in parents of premature infants, facilitate the relationship between them and lead to increasing the quality of infants’ care.
Regularly missed symptoms in primary and secondary narcolepsy
Authors: Diamandis Carolina , Adams Jacob S , Seideman David , Lazar Marius , Honda Riku 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Based on an analysis of anonymized medical records from four hospitals in Asia and Africa, we succeeded in identifying symptoms typical for narcolepsy (with cataplexy) that are regularly overlooked because they are masked by the two severe leading symptoms. Our results do not differ between primary and secondary cases of narcolepsy.
Selective Electron Beam Melting (SEBM) of Pure Tungsten: Metallurgical Defects, Microstructure, Texture and Mechanical Properties
Authors: Ren Xin , Peng Hui , Li Jingli , Liu Hailin , Huang Liming , Yi Xin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Effects of processing parameters on the metallurgical defects, microstructure, texture and mechanical properties of pure tungsten samples fabricated by selective electron beam melting (SEBM) are investigated. SEBM-fabricated bulk tungsten samples with features of lack of fusion, sufficient fusion, and over-melting are examined. For samples upon sufficient fusion, an ultimate compressive strength of 1.76 GPa is achieved at the volumetric energy density of 900 J/mm 3 ~1000 J/mm 3. The excellent compressive strength is higher and the associated volumetric energy density is significantly lower than corresponding reported values in literature. The average relative density of SEBM-fabricated samples is 98.93%, and no microcracks but only pores with diameters of few tens of micrometers are found in SEBM-ed tungsten samples of sufficient fusion. Properties of samples by SEBM and selective laser melting (SLM) have also been compared. It is found that SLM-fabricated samples exhibit inevitable microcracks, and have a significantly lower ultimate compressive strength and a slightly lower relative density of 98.51% in comparison with SEBM-ed samples.
D+ platelet transfusions in D– patients: cause for concern?
Authors: Bartley A.N. , Carpenter J.B. , Berg M.P. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Patients whose RBCs are D– may produce anti-D if they are exposed to D on donor RBCs. Except in emergency situations, patients whose RBCs lack D are transfused with only D– RBCs. Platelets carry no Rh antigens, but platelet units may be contaminated by RBCs that could carry D when these units are collected from D+ donors. The purpose of this study was to determine whether our policy of allowing D+ platelets to be transfused to patients whose RBCs type as D–, without the use of prophylactic Rh immunoglobulin (RhIG), results in D alloimmunization. The transfusion records of all patients who received platelet transfusions from December 2004 to March 2007 were reviewed. Transfusion recipients were evaluated with pretransfusion ABO and D typings, and an antibody screen. Recipients were reevaluated in the same manner before subsequent transfusions. Transfusion records of 114 D– patients were analyzed. Overall, 104 patients received D+ platelets; 67 had repeat antibody screening after transfusion. No patients were shown to make anti-D after platelet transfusion. There was no evidence of D alloimmunization as a result of transfusion of D+ platelets in any D– patient during this study. The data do not support the practice of restricting D– patients to receiving only D– apheresis platelets, even among patients with chronic transfusion requirements. Prophylactic use of RhIG for D+ apheresis platelet transfusions in D– patients also appears to be unnecessary.
Immunohematology

2009;25:5–8.
Nonhemolytic passenger lymphocyte syndrome: donor-derived anti-M in an M+ recipient of a multiorgan transplant
Authors: Makuria A.T. , Langeberg A. , Fishbein T.M. , Sandler S.G. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Passenger lymphocyte syndrome (PLS) is a well-recognized complication that may follow a hematopoietic progenitor cell or solid-organ transplant. Typically, the syndrome presents as acute hemolysis of the recipient’s RBCs, which have become serologically incompatible with blood group antibodies formed by passively transfused donor-origin B lymphocytes. Most cases involve anti-A or anti-B. However, there are cases involving non-ABO serologic incompatibility, as well as cases in which the serologic incompatibility was not associated with clinical evidence of hemolysis. This report describes a case of passenger lymphocyte syndrome in an M+ recipient who developed anti-M after receiving a multiorgan transplant from an M– cadaver donor. Although the temporal events and serologic findings were consistent with a diagnosis of PLS, there was no evidence of in vivo hemolysis associated with the identification of a newly formed anti-M. This report includes a literature review of other case reports of PLS associated with non-ABO antibodies in solid-organ and hematopoietic progenitor cell transplant recipients.
Immunohematology

2009:25:20–23.