bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of Magnetic Hammering Test Using Tunnel Magneto‐Resistive Sensor
Authors: Ito Jun , Igarashi Yudai , Oogane Mikihiko 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWe have developed a novel nondestructive inspection technique for infrastructures using spintronics technologies. Since the tunnel magneto‐resistance (TMR) effect has become dramatically more sensitive in recent years, TMR sensors can be applied to the highly sensitive nondestructive inspection named magnetic hammering test (MHT). The proposed MHT technique is based on the principle of detecting slight fluctuations in the spatial magnetic field caused by the vibration of steel materials. Since the fluctuations in the magnetic field occur with the natural vibration frequency of the steel materials, their condition can be detected from the change of natural frequency using highly sensitive TMR sensors. In this work, we have demonstrated that the size of steel plates was determined with high accuracy using the MHT technique.
Versatile Synthesis of Linalool‐Derived Compounds via Catalytic Epoxidation and Ring Opening
Authors: Costa Alexandre P. S. , Almeida Leandro D. , Robles‐Azocar Patricia A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study focuses on the selective epoxidation of linalool to produce linalool epoxide, and novel linalool‐derived compounds from this epoxide. A robust and non‐noble cobalt catalyst was employed to achieve high yields of linalool epoxide under mild reaction conditions. The catalytic system displayed remarkable efficiency and reusability, providing a platform for exploring different feedstock, including rosewood oil, to demonstrate its versatility in raw feedstock valorization. Further functionalization of linalool‐derived molecules was achieved through regioselective ring‐opening reactions, yielding novel ethers with potential applications in the fine chemical industry. In summary, this study presents a comprehensive approach to the sustainable synthesis of linalool‐derived compounds, displaying the versatility of the catalytic system and providing a basis for the development of fine organic compounds with potential industrial applications.
Guided Self‐Help Treatment for Children and Young People With Eating Disorders: A Proof‐Of‐Concept Pilot Study
Authors: Davey Emily , Bryant‐Waugh Rachel , Bennett Sophie D. , Micali Nadia , Baudinet Julian , Konstantellou Anna , Clark‐Stone Sam , Green Amelia , Shafran Roz 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo conduct a proof‐of‐concept pilot study of a CBT guided self‐help intervention for children and young people with eating disorders.MethodChildren and young people were recruited from two outpatient eating disorder services in England. They received a CBT guided self‐help intervention consisting of eight modules and weekly support sessions. Clinical outcomes (eating disorder psychopathology and associated impairment, changes in %median BMI, depression, anxiety, and behavioural difficulties) were assessed at baseline and post‐intervention (12 weeks). Qualitative data were collected for future intervention refinement.ResultsSix female adolescents (aged 13–17) received the CBT guided self‐help intervention. All participants completed a minimum of six modules and six support sessions. Quantitative and qualitative feedback suggested that the intervention was acceptable. From baseline to post‐intervention, there was a reduction in eating disorder psychopathology and impairment, along with an increase in %median BMI. Outcomes for depression, anxiety and behavioural difficulties were mixed.ConclusionsThe CBT guided self‐help intervention was feasibly implemented, acceptable to participants, and showed potential to produce clinical benefits. While promising, these findings are preliminary and derived from a small, non‐randomised sample of White female adolescents. More rigorous evaluation with a randomised design and a larger, representative sample is warranted.
Using Family History Data to Improve the Power of Association Studies: Application to Cancer in UK Biobank
Authors: Wilcox Naomi , Tyrer Jonathan P. , Dennis Joe , Yang Xin , Perry John R. B. , Gardner Eugene J. , Easton Douglas F. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn large cohort studies the number of unaffected individuals outnumbers the number of affected individuals, and the power can be low to detect associations for outcomes with low prevalence. We consider how including recorded family history in regression models increases the power to detect associations between genetic variants and disease risk. We show theoretically and using Monte‐Carlo simulations that including a family history of the disease, with a weighting of 0.5 compared with true cases, increases the power to detect associations. This is a powerful approach for detecting variants with moderate effects, but for larger effect sizes a weighting of > 0.5 can be more powerful. We illustrate this both for common variants and for exome sequencing data for over 400,000 individuals in UK Biobank to evaluate the association between the burden of protein‐truncating variants in genes and risk for four cancer types.
Safety and efficacy of a pharmacist‐driven protocolized transition from insulin infusion to subcutaneous insulin in patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery
Authors: Bird Shaina A. , Thuyns Michael R. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIntroductionFew validated approaches exist for the transition from intravenous (IV) insulin infusion to subcutaneous (SQ) insulin post‐operatively in cardiothoracic surgery patients.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess whether a pharmacist‐driven protocol utilizing basal, prandial, correctional, or correctional‐only SQ insulin is safe and efficacious for post‐operative glycemic control following 24 h of IV insulin administration.MethodsA retrospective, single‐center, observational study investigating outcomes associated with a pharmacist‐driven protocol utilizing basal, prandial, correctional, or correctional‐only insulin from May 2023 through July 2023 when compared with a historical nursing‐driven protocol observed from May 2021 through July 2021. Adult cardiac intensive care unit patients who received an insulin infusion within 24 h of cardiothoracic surgery and subsequently transitioned to SQ insulin were observed. The primary outcome was percentage of blood glucose (BG) readings at goal (140–180 mg/dL). Secondary outcomes included percentage of BG readings in a clinically acceptable range (110–180 mg/dL), hypoglycemia (<70 mg/dL), severe hypoglycemia (<40 mg/dL), administration of rescue dextrose, reinitiation of insulin infusion following transition, and surgical site infection.ResultsUse of a pharmacist‐driven protocol improved the percentage of BG readings in goal range when compared with a nursing driven protocol (24.4% vs. 12.4%, p = 0.001). More BG readings were in the clinically acceptable range in the pharmacist‐driven group: 69.6% of readings versus 58.5% in the nursing‐driven group (p = 0.011). There were fewer hypoglycemic events in the pharmacist‐driven group. There were no reports of severe hypoglycemia, further IV insulin requirements, or surgical site infections in either group. Pharmacist compliance to the protocol was high at 92.4%.ConclusionsA pharmacist‐driven protocolized approach to the transition to SQ insulin post‐operatively in cardiothoracic patients is both safe and efficacious. The pharmacist‐driven protocol resulted in an improved percentage of BG readings in goal range and fewer hypoglycemic events when compared with the historical nursing‐driven protocol.
Real‐world observations of using compounded GLP‐1 ± GIP agonists within a clinical pharmacist‐managed cardiometabolic clinic
Authors: Finks Shannon W. , Benavides Diego , Martin Andrea G. , Carmon Alex S. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIntroductionThe long‐acting glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) agonist semaglutide and the GLP‐1/glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) agonist tirzepatide have demonstrated efficacy in reducing cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals with diabetes and obesity. Popularity of these agents has led to increased demand, even among patients with cardiometabolic risk factors beyond type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The growing demand and supply chain disruptions have resulted in a shortage of therapies. As a direct consequence, patients are exploring alternative options including compounded GLP‐1 ± GIP formulations.ObjectiveThis study reports real‐world observations on the safety and efficacy of compounded semaglutide and tirzepatide within a clinical pharmacist‐managed cardiometabolic clinic.MethodsThis retrospective cohort included 50 patients with cardiometabolic risk who had received a prescription for compounded GLP‐1 ± GIP therapy between July 2022 and July 2023. Observations were reported for this cohort with changes from baseline to 12 weeks and out to 24 weeks. Primary outcomes were changes in weight/body mass index (BMI) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Secondary outcomes included changes in waist circumference, blood pressure, triglyceride levels, inflammatory markers, medication adherence, and the incidence of adverse events and/or dropout rates.ResultsFifty patients (18 males and 32 females) completed the 12‐week follow‐up, with an additional subset of patients (n = 40) continuing to 24 weeks of therapy. The average weight loss observed at 12 weeks was 16.06 ± 7.6 pounds (p = 0.001) and 38.82 ± 11.4 pounds at 24 weeks. HbA1c decreased on average from 5.5 ± 0.3 at baseline to 5.3 ± 0.3 at 12 weeks (p < 0.0001) and to 5.2 ± 0.027 (p < 0.001) at 24 weeks. All secondary cardiometabolic outcomes improved significantly throughout the study.ConclusionThis study demonstrates a significant positive impact on cardiometabolic outcomes from utilizing compounded GLP‐1 ± GIP agonists when branded products could not be obtained. These observations also support the use of compounded GLP‐1 ± GIP agonists under pharmacist supervision as an alternative during drug shortages.
Thymoquinone and Metabolic Reprogramming in Breast Cancer: A New Dimension From Proteomic Analysis
Authors: Korak Tuğcan , Bal Albayrak Merve Gulsen , Kasap Murat , Akpinar Gurler 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThymoquinone (TQ) has shown antitumorigenic effects in breast cancer; however, its detailed impact on cell signaling mechanisms requires further investigation. This study aims to elucidate the molecular mechanisms behind TQ's antiproliferative effects in breast cancer by analyzing proteome‐level changes. MCF‐7 cells were treated with 15 µM TQ, the inhibitory concentration (IC50), for 48 h. Proteins from treated and untreated (control) groups were isolated and subjected to liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) proteomic analysis. Identified proteins were functionally annotated, with hub proteins identified using Cytoscape software, and verification conducted through Western blot analysis. Label‐free quantitation identified 629 master proteins, with 104 upregulated and 477 downregulated in TQ‐treated samples compared to controls. Among these, 150 proteins showed dramatic regulation, including 11 upregulated and 139 downregulated proteins, with ribosomal proteins emerging as central. The heatmap demonstrated robust clustering of replicates. Functional annotations indicated that TQ significantly impacts crucial mechanisms such as carbon metabolism, amino acid biosynthesis, protein synthesis, and the citrate cycle, essential for metabolic reprogramming. This study identifies novel molecular targets associated with metabolic reprogramming, previously underexplored in TQ's effects, highlighting their pivotal role in TQ's anticancer mechanisms in breast cancer. These findings could lay the groundwork for developing future TQ‐based therapies.
Structural Dynamics of Neutral Amino Acid Transporter SLC6A19 in Simple and Complex Lipid Bilayers
Authors: Dehury Budheswar , Mishra Sarbani , Panda Sunita , Singh Mahender Kumar , Simha Nischal L. , Pati Sanghamitra 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTB0AT1 (SLC6A19) is a major sodium‐coupled neutral amino acid transporter that relies on angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) or collectrin for membrane trafficking. Despite its significant role in disorders associated with amino acid metabolism, there is a deficit of comprehensive structure‐function understanding of B0AT1 in lipid environment. Herein, we have employed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to explore the architectural characteristics of B0AT1 in two distinct environments: a simplified POPC bilayer and a complex lipid system replicating the native membrane composition. Notably, our B0AT1 analysis in terms of structural stability and regions of maximum flexibility shows consistency in both the systems with enhanced structural features in the case of complex lipid system. Our findings suggest that diacylglycerol phospholipids significantly alter the pore radius, hydrophobic index, and surface charge distribution of B0AT1, thereby affecting the flexibility of transmembrane helices TM7, TM12, and loop connecting TM7‐TM8, crucial for ACE2‐B0AT1 interaction. Pro41, Ser190, Arg214, Arg240, Ser413, Pro414, Cys463, and Val582 are among the most prominent lipid binding residues that might influence B0AT1 functionality. We also perceive notable lipid mediated deviation in the degree of tilt and loss of helicity in TM1 and TM6 which might affect the substrate binding sites S1 and S2 in B0AT1. Considerably, destabilization in the structure of B0AT1 in lipid environment was evident upon mutation in TM domain, associated with Hartnup disorder through various structure‐based protein stability tools. Our two‐tiered approach allowed us to validate the use of POPC as a baseline for initial analyses of SLC transporters. Altogether, our all‐atoms MD study provides a platform for future investigations into the structure‐function mechanism of B0AT1 in realistic lipid mimetic bilayers and offers a framework for developing new therapeutic agents targeting this transporter.
Significant Association Between Genetic Polymorphism of Insulin‐Like Growth Factor‐2 mRNA Binding Protein‐2 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Population‐Based Case–Control Study
Authors: Elssaig Elmutuz H. , Ahmed‐Abakur Eltayib H. , Alnour Tarig M. S. , Alsubai Mohammed A. , Ali Abdalla Eltoum , Ullah Mohammad Fahad , Saeedi Nizar H. , Alenzi Fahad Daefalah 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo determine the association between IGF2BP2 polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes mellitus.MethodsThis study involved 422 individuals, 214 diabetes mellitus cases, and 208 healthy controls. The PCR‐RFLP technique was used to determine the genotype of the IGF2BP2 gene for the SNPs rs4402960 (G>T) and rs1470579 (A>C).ResultsThe results showed that the C allele of the rs1470579 variant and the T allele of the rs440960 variant were significantly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus group (p = 0.0029 and 0.0001) as reported for both alleles, respectively. High frequencies of haplotypes TA and TC were observed in type 2 diabetes patients.ConclusionThe present study showed that IGF2BP2 rs1470579 and rs4402960 polymorphism were significantly associated with the increased risk of T2DM in the Saudi Arabian population and presented a genetic model to screen the high‐risk individuals with further validations.
The Experiences of Hijab and Non‐Hijab‐Wearing Muslim Women Students: Exploring Social Isolation and Discrimination in Delhi, India
Authors: Khan Farhat , Kohli Simran , Potsangbam Eileen , Kharshiing Korsi Dorene 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTResearch suggests that Muslim women wearing the hijab may be particularly vulnerable to the experiences of stigmatization as the hijab represents a dominant marker of “otherness.” Using the relational demography perspective, this paper explored the viewpoints of hijab and non‐hijab‐wearing Muslim women in Delhi regarding the different forms of discrimination and/or social isolation they may have experienced. Thematic analysis was used to explore the participant's narratives, gathered by means of six focus group discussions (n = 38). For the hijab‐wearing group, two emergent themes were evident: “Journey of my hijab” and “The two sides of the hijab.” For the non‐hijab‐wearing group, the emergent themes included: “My name is (un)safe” and “Not Muslim enough.” The study findings can inform the development of intervention strategies to integrate the community more meaningfully by preventing “othering” and providing agency and autonomy.
Advances in Aggrephagy: Mechanisms, Disease Implications, and Therapeutic Strategies
Authors: Zhuang Haixia , Ma Xinyu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe accumulation of misfolded proteins within cells leads to the formation of protein aggregates that disrupt normal cellular functions and contribute to a range of human pathologies, notably neurodegenerative disorders. Consequently, the investigation into the mechanisms of aggregate formation and their subsequent clearance is of considerable importance for the development of therapeutic strategies. The clearance of protein aggregates is predominantly achieved via the autophagy‐lysosomal pathway, a process known as aggrephagy. In this pathway, autophagosome biogenesis and lysosomal digestion provide necessary conditions for the clearance of protein aggregates, while autophagy receptors such as P62, NBR1, TAX1BP1, TOLLIP, and CCT2 facilitate the recognition of protein aggregates by the autophagy machinery, playing a pivotal role in their degradation. This review will introduce the mechanisms of aggregate formation, progression, and degradation, with particular emphasis on advances in aggrephagy, providing insights for aggregates‐related diseases and the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
KIF18A Is a Novel Target of JNK1/c‐Jun Signaling Pathway Involved in Cervical Tumorigenesis
Authors: Wang Yajie , Zhou Bowen , Lian Xiaoying , Yu Siqi , Huang Baihai , Wu Xinyue , Wen Lianpu , Zhu Changjun 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCervical cancer remains a significant global health concern. KIF18A, a kinesin motor protein regulating microtubule dynamics during mitosis, is frequently overexpressed in various cancers, but its regulatory mechanisms are poorly understood. This study investigates KIF18A's role in cervical cancer and its regulation by the JNK1/c‐Jun signaling pathway. Cell growth was assessed in vitro using MTT and colony formation assays, and in vivo using a nude mouse xenograft model with KIF18A knockdown HeLa cells. The Genomic Data Commons (GDC) data portal was used to identify KIF18A‐related protein kinases in cervical cancer. Western blot analysis was employed to analyze phosphor‐c‐Jun, c‐Jun, and KIF18A expression levels following JNK1 inhibition, c‐Jun knockdown/overexpression, and KIF18A knockdown in cervical cancer cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase reporter assays were performed to assess c‐Jun binding and transcriptional activity of the KIF18A promoter. KIF18A knockdown significantly impaired cervical cancer cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. A strong positive correlation was observed between JNK1 and KIF18A expression in cervical and other cancers. JNK1 inhibition decreased both KIF18A expression and c‐Jun phosphorylation. c‐Jun was found to directly bind to and activate the KIF18A promoter. Furthermore, c‐Jun knockdown inhibited cervical cancer cell growth, and this effect was partially rescued by KIF18A overexpression. This study demonstrates that the JNK1/c‐Jun pathway activates KIF18A expression, which is essential for cervical cancer cell growth. Targeting the JNK/c‐Jun/KIF18A axis may represent a promising novel therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.
Virtual triple‐bundle ACL graft via femoral tunnels behind the resident's ridge on 3D CT demonstrates equivalent orientation to native ACL
Authors: Okazaki Narihiro , Shino Konsei , Yokoi Hiroyuki , Ohori Tomoki 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurposeTo clarify the femoral tunnel location for a virtual anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft to simulate the native ACL.MethodsThree‐dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were obtained in 14 normal knees in full extension. Two types of virtual triple bundle ACL grafts (VACLG) were created. In one type, the femoral tunnels for anteromedial bundle (AM = AMM/anteromedial bundle medial part + AML/anteromedial bundle lateral part) and posterolateral bundle (PL) were positioned behind the resident's ridge (RR) based on the bone landmark strategy (BR‐VACLG group). In the other type, the tunnels were placed on the RR (OR‐VACLG group). VACLG was displayed as three straight lines by connecting the two centres of the femoral attachment areas of AM and PL to those of the three tibial footprints of AMM, AML and PL attachments on 3D CT, and then superimposed on MRI. The ACL/ACL graft‐the tibial plateau (ACL‐TP) angles were compared among normal ACL (N‐ACL), BR‐VACLG and OR‐VACLG.ResultsThe mean ACL‐TP angles of N‐ACL, BR‐VACLG and OR‐VACLG were 74.4 ± 3.4°, 75.2 ± 4.5° and 68.7 ± 5.0° for AMM, 81.9 ± 3.8°, 82.9 ± 5.1° and 76.3 ± 4.0° and for AML, 71.1 ± 6.4°, 70.0 ± 7.2° and 61.0 ± 4.7° for PL on the oblique‐coronal slices; 55.3 ± 4.9° 53.9 ± 4.4° and 50.5 ± 4.3° for AMM; 54.9 ± 4.5°, 54.7 ± 2.6° and 50.7 ± 3.2° for AML; 51.4 ± 3.3°, 51.2 ± 2.4° and 48.1 ± 2.0° for PL on the oblique‐sagittal slices. There was no significant difference in the angles between N‐ACL and BR‐VACLG, while those of AMM and PL in OR‐VACLG were significantly lower compared to N‐ACL.ConclusionThe virtual triple bundle ACL graft via femoral tunnels behind the RR on 3D CT shows equivalent orientation to the native ACL on MRI in full extension.Level of EvidenceLevel III.