bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The rice SCFOsFBK1 E3 ligase mediates jasmonic acid induced degradation of a RING-H2 protein and the cinnamoyl-CoA reductase, OsCCR14
Authors: Borah Pratikshya , Sharma Aishwarye , Khurana Jitendra 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We had previously shown the rice F-box, OsFBK1, plays a role in anther development by mediating the turnover of OsCCR14, a cinnamoyl CoA-reductase regulating lignification. Another substrate identified in the same Y2H library screening was OsATL53, a member of the ATL family of RING-H2 proteins that is primarily localized to the cytoplasm. We found OsATL53 to be a component and substrate of SCFOsFBK1 by immunoprecipitation and cell-free studies. Incidentally, OsATL53 was found to interact with OsCCR14 in the cytoplasm and form a stable complex in cell-free experiments and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays. Biochemically, OsATL53 was found to influence the enzymatic activity of OsCCR14 by decreasing its efficiency. Degradation studies have shown OsFBK1 mediates turnover of OsCCR14 in the nucleus, while OsATL53 is degraded in both cytoplasm and nucleus. The degradation of ATLs by F-box proteins has not been reported before. In presence of jasmonic acid (JA), which plays a role in anther dehiscence, OsATL53 has been found to gather around the nucleus, and this property enables the translocation of the OsATL53-OsCCR14 complex from a cytoplasmic localization to accumulate around the nuclear periphery. FLIM analyses revealed OsCCR14-OsATL53 complex undergoing conformational changes in presence of JA and this triggers OsFBK1 to mediate the targeted degradation of OsATL53 in the cytoplasm, thereby dissociating the cytoplasmic OsCCR14-OsATL53 complex and enabling OsCCR14 to enter the nucleus and eventually get degraded by SCFOsFBK1 E3 ligase. We have thus studied the signalling mechanism of a variant JA-induced E3 ligase-mediated substrate turnover in plants at the molecular level.
Spatiotemporal development of coexisting wave domains of Rho activity in the cell cortex
Authors: Hladyshau Siarhei , Kho Mary , Nie Shuyi , Tsygankov Denis 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The Rho family GTPases are molecular switches that regulate cytoskeletal dynamics and cell movement through a complex spatiotemporal organization of their activity. In Patiria miniata (starfish) oocytes, such activity generates multiple co-existing regions of coherent propagation of actin waves. Here we use computational modeling to investigate the development and properties of such wave domains. The model reveals that the formation of wave domains requires a balance of the autocatalytic activation and the negative feedback in the Rho signaling motif. Intriguingly, the development of the wave domains is preceded by a stage of low-activity quasi-static patterns, which may not be readily observed in experiments. Spatiotemporal patterns of this stage and the different paths of their destabilization define the behavior of the system in the later high-activity (observable) stage. Accounting for a strong intrinsic noise allowed us to reproduce wave dynamics in both Patiria miniata and Xenopus laevis (frog). For quantitative comparison of simulated and experimental results, we developed an automated method of wave domain detection, which revealed a sharp reversal of pattern formation in the middle of anaphase in starfish oocytes. Overall, our findings provide an insight into spatiotemporal regulation of complex and diverse but still computationally reproducible cell-level actin dynamics.
Protoplast-Based Transient Expression Combined with Plant Cultivation Systems as a Valuable Tool for Floral Thermogenesis Studies in Aroids
Authors: Maekawa Haruhiko , Otsubo Miyabi , Mizoguchi Koichiro , Koyamatsu Daiki , Inaba Takehito , Ito-Inaba Yasuko 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Floral thermogenesis in plants plays a significant role in their reproductive function. Thermogenic aroids constitute a large family in highly thermogenic angiosperms, many of which possess intense heat-producing abilities. Several genes have been proposed to be involved in floral thermogenesis of aroids, but the biological tools to identify the functions of those genes at cellular and molecular levels are lacking. Among the many thermogenic aroids, we focused on skunk cabbage (Symplocarpus renifolius) because of its ability to produce intense, durable heat and small aboveground parts compared with other thermogenic aroids. In this study, leaf protoplasts were isolated from potted and shoot tip-cultured skunk cabbage plants and used to develop transient assay systems. The isolation protocol included an additional, sucrose gradient centrifugation step, which yielded high-purity protoplasts from both types of plants. The isolation and transfection efficiency of the protoplasts exceeded 1.0 × 105/g fresh weight and 50%, respectively, in both potted and shoot tip-cultured plants. Using this protoplast-based transient expression (PTE) system, we determined the protein localization of three mitochondrial energy-dissipating proteins, SrAOX, SrUCPA, and SrNDA1, fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP). In skunk cabbage leaf protoplasts, these three GFP-fused proteins were localized in MitoTracker-stained mitochondria. However, the green fluorescent particles in protoplasts expressing SrUCPA-GFP were enlarged compared with those in protoplasts expressing SrAOX-GFP and SrNDA1-GFP. Our PTE system is a powerful tool for functional gene analysis not only in thermogenic aroids but also in non-thermogenic aroids.
Customization and improvement of the LbCas12a-crRNA system for efficient gene targeting in plants
Authors: Vu Tien , Doan Duong , Tran Mil , Sung Yeon Woo , Song Young Jong , Kim Jae-Yean 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Plant gene targeting (GT) can be utilized to precisely replace up to several kilobases of a plant genome. Recent studies using the powerful clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated (Cas) nucleases significantly improved plant GT efficiency. However, GT for loci without associated selection markers is still inefficient. We previously utilized Lachnospiraceae bacterium Cas12a (LbCas12a) in combination with a replicon for tomato GT and obtained high GT efficiency with some selection markers. In this study, we customize and advance our GT system by using a temperature-tolerant LbCas12a (ttLbCas12a) in combination with various crRNA forms and chemical treatments to suppress the canonical non-homologous end-joining pathway in tomato. Our work demonstrates the significance of the selection of gene scissors, the appropriate design of LbCas12a gRNAs, the use of chemical treatments, and the establishment of favorable experimental conditions for further enhancement of plant HDR to enable efficient GT in tomato.
Development of a CNS-permeable reactivator for nerve agent exposure: An iterative, multi-disciplinary approach
Authors: Bennion Brian J. , Malfatti Michael A. , Be Nicholas A. , Enright Heather A. , Hok Saphon , Cadieux C. Linn , Carpenter Timothy S. , Lao Victoria , Kuhn Edward A. , McNerney M. Windy , Lightstone Felice C. , Nguyen Tuan H. , Valdez Carlos A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Nerve agents have experienced a resurgence in recent times with their use against civilian targets during the attacks in Syria (2012), the poisoning of Sergei and Yulia Skripal in the United Kingdom (2018) and Alexei Navalny in Russia (2020), strongly renewing the importance of antidote development against these lethal substances. The current standard treatment against their effects relies on the use of small molecule-based oximes that can efficiently restore acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. Despite their efficacy in reactivating AChE, the action of drugs like 2-pralidoxime (2-PAM) is primarily limited to the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and, thus, provides no significant protection to the central nervous system (CNS). This lack of action in the CNS stems from their ionic nature that, on one end makes them very powerful reactivators and on the other renders them ineffective at crossing the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) to reach the CNS. In this report, we describe the use of an iterative approach composed of parallel chemical and in silico syntheses, computational modeling, and a battery of detailed in vitro and in vivo assays that resulted in the identification of a promising, novel CNS-permeable oxime reactivator. Additional experiments to determine acute and chronic toxicity are ongoing.
Post-cesarean section surgical site infection and associated factors in East Gojjam zone primary hospitals, Amhara region, North West Ethiopia, 2020
Authors: Abebe Haimanot Geletie , bizuayew Hulubante fetene , Mullu Getachew Kassa , Bewuket Likinaw Zeleke , Tsega Daniel Tefera , Alemye Tsegaw Achenef 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Women after cesarean section have a five to twenty-times greater chance of getting an infection compared with women who give birth vaginally. Even though many efforts tried by the government and non-government organization in Ethiopia, a non-significant decline achieved and post cesarean section surgical site infection is still a problem. Scientific evidence on this is a step ahead for preventing and reducing post cesarean section surgical site infection. Therefore this study aimed to assess magnitude and risk factors of post cesarean section surgical site infection at primary hospitals of East Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia.
Methods

Institution based cross sectional study
with retrospective chart review was conducted from September 10–30
/2020 at primary hospitals of east Gojjam zone.

The data was entered in Epi data version3.1 and exported to Statistical Package for Social Science Software version 26. Presence and degree of association of factors with outcome variable were computed through logistic regression analysis. Factors with P value ≤ 0.2 in bi variable logistic regression analysis were included in the multivariable logistic regression analysis and those variables with P-value of < 0.05 in multivariable analysis were considered statistically significant.
Result

From 622 medical records of women who underwent cesarean section, 77 (12.4%) of them were developed surgical site infection. Rural residence [(AOR = 2.30, 95%CI :( 1.295, 4.098)], duration of labor greater than 24hrs [(AOR = 3.48, 95%CI :( 1.495, 8.086)], rupture of
Characterisation of Solid Mine Wastes Produced during Iron Ore Mining and Processing and their Potential Environmental Impacts
Authors: Xavier Francis 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Solid waste deposited on the surface acts as a potential source of environmental pollution. High concentration of toxic elements in solid mine wastes can pose serious environmental risks. This study aims at characterising solid mine wastes produced due to iron ore mining and processing for their geochemistry and mineralogy. Samples were collected using a stratified sampling strategy. X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Petrographic analysis techniques were used. XRD analysis revealed a high abundance of Hematite (29%), with low amounts of Quartz stockpile samples. Berlinite (33%) amounts were high in waste dump samples, where Quartz was in high concentrations (34%) in the overburden samples. XRF analysis revealed a high amount of iron in the stockpile and waste dump, while Silica was highest in the overburden. Petrography analysis revealed major minerals in the solid mine waste: magnetite, Hematite, and Quartz with traces of mica, olivine, feldspar, and biotite. The minerals were characterised by a lamellar structure with mutual grain boundaries. Sulfide minerals that may cause acid drainage and various heavy metals were in considerable amounts. These elements have the potential of causing adverse environmental impacts hence the need for such characterisation to devise mitigation strategies and rehabilitation.
Structural Equation Modeling (SEM): Gaming Disorder Mediating Untreated Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder to Disruptive Mood Dysregulation
Authors: Tzang Ruu-Fen , Chang Chuan-Hsin , Chang Yue-Cune 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Internet gaming disorder (IGD) maybe a mediating roles leading youth with Attention Deficit hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) becoming disruptive mood dysregulation. So far, how IGD mediating the pathways leading ADHD to emotional dys-function are not entirely clear. This study aims to use structural equation modeling (SEM) analyze the direct or indirect influence of IGD on ADHD youth. Method: The Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham, Version IV questionnaire (SNAP-IV) was used to measure symptoms of ADHD and Oppositional Defiant disorder (ODD). The Chen Gaming disorder Scale (CIAS) was used to test for Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) and ADHD, ODD, and disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) was diagnosed by a psychiatrist. Result: Total 102 ADHD youth included in the SEM analysis. 53 (52%) of them suffering from IGD were significantly more likely to have bad interpersonal relationships (p < 0.01) and comorbid with DMDD and IGD (p < 0.01 and < 0.001, respectively) than non-addicted ADHD youth. Under the mediating role of Gaming disorder indirectly, ADHD youth had increasing risk of DMDD. Conclusions: this SEM analysis indicated the indirect relationship between IGD and DMDD among ADHD youth. This finding suggests the immediate and intense clinical treatments were warranted to recent ADHD youth with Internet Gaming Disorder. However, further large, scaled research is required to study this correlation.
Prognostic Factors in the Decision-Making Process for Sigmoid Volvulus. Results of a Single-Centre Retrospective Cohort Study.
Authors: Slack Zoe , Shams Mohamed , Ahmad Raheel , Ali Roshneen , Antunes Diandra , Dey Abhishek , Patel Mahul , Shabana Amanda , Bond-Smith Giles , Tebala Giovanni Domenico 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Sigmoid volvulus is a common cause of emergency surgical admission. It often affects older males who are institutionalized and are less suitable surgical candidates. Definitive treatment is surgical, but first line treatment is via endoscopic devolution with or without placement of a rectal tube. After non-operative management recurrence is likely and carries a high mortality, therefore an early surgical approach may be considered in patients who are fit for surgery. We have retrospectively analyzed a cohort of patients with sigmoid volvulus in order to clarify if and when a more aggressive management is indicated.METHODS: We have reviewed data on admitted patients diagnosed with sigmoid volvulus over a 2-year period. Demographic, clinical data, morbidity and mortality were recorded in a database. The primary endpoint was patient survival. Secondary endpoint was the estimation of the factors that condition surgical choice.RESULTS: We analysed 332 admission of 78 patients. 39.7% of patients underwent surgical resection. The average survival was 54.9±8.8 months from the first hospitalization, irrespective of the treatment. Long-term survival was positively influenced by being female, having a low "social score", a younger age and surgery. Multivariate analysis showed that only being female and surgery were independently associated with better survival.CONCLUSION: Early surgery may be the best approach in patients with recurrent sigmoid volvulus, as it ensures longer survival with a better quality of life, regardless of the patient's social and functional condition.
The Healing Response of LAMax LAACTM Left Atrial Appendage Occluder in a Canine Model: The Potential Influence of the Implantation Technique on the Healing Response
Authors: Wu Xiaoxia , Ma Dongxing , Wan Tao , Meng Yuezhi , Chen Yilong , Shen Yejia , Huang Wei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Device-associated thrombus are potential causes for thromboembolic events post left atrial appendage closure (LAAC), and correlated with the complete endothelialization of the device surface. Our aim was to evaluate the endothelialization of LAMax LAACTM occluder surface and analyze the potential influence of the implantation technique on the healing response.Methods: A total of 29 healthy dogs (28.0±3.7 kg) were implanted with the devices successfully after ensuring COVER signs was met (Concavity of the disc, Oversizing by 20-50%, Verifying position, Ensuring stability, Residual flow <5 mm by transesophageal echocardiographic (TEE) examination), and sacrificed at <24 hours, 1-, 2-, 3-, and 6-months. Gross examinations were conducted to evaluate healing response.Results: The mean diameters of LAA orifice measured by angiography and TEE were 19.0±2.9 mm and 16.1±2.0 mm (P<0.05), respectively. TEE found that the discs in 18 dogs (62.1%) were completely pulled into the LAA with concavity and in 11 dogs incompletely pulled into the LAA with suboptimally concavity, while 5 of them had residual flow. Gross examinations showed that the complete endothelialization on the device surface with concaved disc was found at 1-month after LAAC. Microscopic examinations confirmed complete healing on the device with optimal closure effect. Conclusions: The good healing response and the optimal closure effect were observed using the LAMax device in a canine model by following the COVER implantation technique.
Do the Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Patients Enjoy Long-term Survival Benefit From the Radiation-based Neoadjuvant Treatments in the Total Mesorectal Excision Era: a Population-based Analysis
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhong Xiaohong , Lin Huaqin , Zhang Xueqing , Shao Lingdong , Wu Junxin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Radiation-based neoadjuvant therapy followed by radical surgery is the standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), but things might have changed with the advent of total mesorectal excision (TME). This study re-evaluated the clinical efficacy of preoperative radiotherapy for LARC patients in the TME era by population-based analysis to identify any long-term survival benefits. Methods: LARC patients receiving preoperative radiotherapy or not followed by surgery between 2011 and 2015 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Overall survival (OS) was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier curves, and potential candidates for preoperative radiotherapy were identified by nomogram. Results: There were 7582 eligible patients; 6066 received preoperative radiotherapy, and 1516 received non-preoperative radiotherapy. The initial result showed that the pooled hazard ratio (HR) for OS was in favor of preoperative radiotherapy compared with non-preoperative radiotherapy group (HR = 0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.75-0.98, P <0.05). The cases were randomly divided into training and validation datasets, and multivariate Cox regression analysis of the training set determined that age, sex, carcinoembryonic antigen level, tumor stage, node stage, tumor differentiation, perineural invasion, and the number of dissected lymph nodes were independent risk factors for OS in the training set (all P <0.05). A nomogram was established based on the risk factors to predict the OS (concordance index, training set: 0.70, validation set: 0.67). Further analysis showed that the long-term survival of high-risk patients was better with preoperative radiotherapy (HR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.56-0.91, P <0.05). Conclusions: Preoperative radiotherapy has long-term survival benefits for LARC patients, especially those with high risk.
Recombinant Water Stress Protein 1 (Re-WSP1) Suppresses Colon Cancer Cell Growth Through Mir-539/Β-Catenin Signaling Pathway
Authors: Guo Songjia , Shan Shuhua , Wu Haili , hao huiqiang , Li Zhuoyu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Nostoc commune Vauch is a nitrogen-fixing blue-green algae, contains a large number of active molecules with medicinal functions. Our previous study found that a water stress protein (WSP1) from Nostoc commune Vauch and its the recombinant protein (Re-WSP1) exhibited significant anti-colon cancer (CRC) activity both in vitro and in vivo. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In this study, the CCK8 and clonogenic assays showed that Re-WSP1 restrained the colon cancer growth in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanistically, Re-WSP1 inhibited the expression of β-catenin, which was partly reversed by LiCl treatment, demonstrating a key role in Re-WSP1-induced inhibition of cell growth. Quantitative PCR analysis showed that the expression of microRNA-539 (miR-539) was significantly up-regulated upon Re-WSP1 treatment. Moreover, miR-539 negatively regulateed the expression of β-catenin through directly binds to the 3’UTR of β-catenin mRNA. Taken together, our data demonstrate that Re-WSP1 suppresses the CRC growth via miR-539/β-catenin axis, which provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying Re-WSP1 against CRC.
Exosomes Derived from miR-183-Overexpressing Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Alleviate Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion (I/R) Injury through miR-183/ALOX5 axisExosomes Derived from miR-183-Overexpressing Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Alleviate Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion (I/R) Injury through miR-183/ALOX5 Axis
Authors: Gong Yi , Dai Haisu , Liu Wei , Liao Rui , Chen Hailei , Zhang Leida , Wang Xiaojun , Chen Zhiyu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIschemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury a crucial factor causing liver injury in clinic. Recent research confirmed that human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) can differentiate into functional hepatocytes. However, the mechanism of ADSCs in the treatment of liver injury remains unclear.MethodsCharacteristics of ADSCs were first identified, and exosomes from miR-183-overexpressed ADSCs were isolated and identified. And the function and mechanism of microRNA-183 (miR-183) and arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5) were monitored through biological experiments in HL-7702 cells with I/R injury or I/R rats. ResultsWe proved that inhibition of exosomes from the identified ADSCs prevented proliferation, induced apoptosis and downregulated miR-183 in HL-7702 cells with I/R injury, while exosomes derived from ADSCs played an opposite role on the proliferation and apoptosis of HL-7702 cells with I/R injury in comparison with exosome inhibitors by upregulating miR-183. Meanwhile, the effect of miR-183 alone was similar to that of exosomes derived from ADSCs. Besides, ALOX5, as a target gene of miR-183, was involved in the related functions of miR-183. Moreover, in vivo experiments further confirmed miR-183 or exosomes from ADSCs also could improve liver injury of rats and downregulate MAPK and NF-κB pathways.ConclusionAll these findings testified that exosomes derived from miR-183-overexpressing ADSCs have a significant protective effect on hepatic I/R injury by regulating miR-183/ALOX5 axis, which might provide therapeutic strategy for liver injury.