bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID‐19‐related fears and information frequency predict sleep behavior in bipolar disorder
Authors: Fellendorf Frederike T. , Reininghaus Eva Z. , Ratzenhofer Michaela , Lenger Melanie , Maget Alexander , Platzer Martina , Bengesser Susanne A. , Birner Armin , Queissner Robert , Hamm Carlo , Pilz Rene , Dalkner Nina 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic and consequent restrictions including social distancing had a great impact on everyday life. To date, little is known about how the restrictions affected sleep, which is commonly disturbed in bipolar disorder (BD). The aim of this study was to elucidate sleep patterns during the pandemic in Austrian BD individuals.MethodsAn online survey assessed sleep with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and COVID‐19‐associated attitudes, fears, and emotional distress of 20 BD individuals and 19 controls (HC) during the pandemic. The survey was conducted in April 2020, when very strict regulations were declared, and repeated in May, when they were loosened.ResultsIndividuals with BD reported overall poor sleep according to PSQI sum at both time points. Subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, daytime sleepiness, and PSQI sum were worse in individuals with BD than in HC. Individuals with BD informed themselves more frequently about pandemic‐related topics. Higher information frequency and more COVID‐19 fears (about the virus, own infection, contracting others) correlated with worse PSQI values. Regression models found in BD group that higher information frequency as well as higher COVID‐19 fears in April predicted worse sleep characteristics in May, in particular subjective sleep quality, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, and daytime sleepiness.ConclusionAs sufficient sleep duration and quality are essential for well‐being and particularly important for vulnerable BD individuals, it is important that information about the pandemic is gathered to a reasonable extent and mental health professionals include COVID‐19‐related fears when currently treating BD.
Contribution of concept recall to brand loyalty: An empirical analysis of design and performance
Authors: Kato Takumi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWith industries becoming technologically advanced, the source of competitiveness has shifted from a functional value, such as performance and durability, to an emotional value, such as design and comfort. To create an emotional value, the concept of a brand should be consistently embodied in a product or service to enhance its appeal. In the brand management of products and services, although performance and design are surveyed as factors of the repurchase or recommendation intention, the concept remains unused. This study hypothesized that “considering reasons behind the repurchase intention of products/services, consumers who recall the concept of the product are more likely to repurchase than consumers who recall the specific characteristics, such as design and performance.” The target products included Apple MacBook Pro, Dyson Canister Vacuum Cleaner, and Nintendo Switch, and services included Facebook, Starbucks, and Disney. The multiple regression results show that concept contributed more than design, comfort, performance, price, and word of mouth. Therefore, the proposed hypothesis was supported. As a practical implication, a new index known as concept recall can be adopted as a factor of brand loyalty in brand management. Although the index is simple, few studies have claimed the effectiveness of the indicator based on scientific grounds. Empathy, along with the concept, is paramount in acquiring consumer brand loyalty; design/UX is merely a means to embody the concept. The proposed index should be the basis of decision‐making and should not turn into “a means to an end.”
Chemical Composition of Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens Flower Absolute and Its Beneficial Effects on Skin Wound Healing and Melanogenesis‐Related Cell Activities
Authors: Kang Hye Min , Won Kyung Jong , Kim Do Yoon , Lee Su Yeon , Kim Mi Jung , Won Yu Rim , Kim Bokyung , Lee Hwan Myung 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMiscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens (MSP, flame grass) is found in Korea, Japan, and China, and its biological activities include anti‐cancer, detoxifying, vasodilatory, antipyretic, and diuretic effects. However, no study has investigated the effects of MSP on skin‐related biological activities. In this study, we explored the effects of the absolute extracted from the MSP flowers (MSPFAb) on skin wound healing‐ and whitening‐related responses in keratinocytes or melanocytes. MSPFAb contained 6 components and induced the proliferation, migration, and syntheses of type I and IV collagens in keratinocytes. MSPFAb also increased the phosphorylations of serine/threonine‐specific protein kinase, p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase, and extracellular signal‐regulated kinase1/2 in keratinocytes. In addition, treatment with MSPFAb decreased serum‐induced melanoma cell proliferation and inhibited tyrosinase activity and melanin contents in α‐MSH‐stimulated melanoma cells. Taken together, this study indicates MSPFAb may promote wound healing‐ and whitening‐associated activities in dermal cells, and suggests that it has potential use as a wound healing and skin whitening agent.
Aplastic anemia, cellular and molecular aspects
Authors: Javan Mohammad R. , Saki Najmaldin , Moghimian‐Boroujeni Bahareh 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAplastic anemia (AA) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by bone marrow and peripheral blood pancytopenia. Different environmental and genetical conditions could be effective in an outbreak of this disease. The exact pathogenesis of this disease, however, is still idiopathic. The present study is based on Pubmed database information (2002–2021) using the words “Aplastic Anemia,” “Hematopoietic Stem Cells niche,” “Signaling pathway,” “Cytokines,” and “Immuno cells.” In this disease, both hematopoietic stem cells and mesenchymal stromal cells are impaired, which is associated with impaired hematopoiesis and decreased hematopoietic cells. Inflammatory cytokines increase, which changes the ratio of T lymphocytes and leads to disease progression. In addition, the most common mechanism of AA is damage by the immune system, which leads to increased apoptosis in progenitor cells. We have shown in this review that the disease involves quantitative defects in stem cell numbers and qualitative abnormalities in the function of these cells and the activity of many different cellular and molecular factors can damage hematopoietic cells and the protective substrate of these cells in this disease.
Effects of the functional Gpc‐B1 allele on soft durum wheat grain, milling, flour, dough, and breadmaking quality
Authors: Kiszonas Alecia M. , Ibba Maria Itria , Boehm Jeffrey D. , Morris Craig F. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground and objectivesUtilization of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum) can be enhanced by increasing grain and flour protein content. One strategy to increase protein content is by introducing the functional Gpc‐B1 allele from wild emmer (Triticum turgidum subsp. dicoccoides).FindingsIntroduction of the functional Gpc‐B1 allele into soft kernel durum increased grain and flour protein by 17 g/kg, increased dough strength as evidenced by SDS sedimentation volume and Mixograph dough mixing parameters, and increased straight‐dough pan bread volume. When grown under arid conditions, high protein (151 g/kg) samples had decreased loaf volumes indicative of inelastic doughs. The functional Gpc‐B1 allele was associated with decreased test weight, a small increase in SKCS hardness, and a modest increase in flour ash; otherwise, milling performance was not affected.ConclusionsIntrogression of the Gpc‐B1 functional allele from dicoccoides into durum wheat can improve dough strength and breadmaking quality. The effect tends to be consistent over environments but overall, Gpc‐B1 made only a modest improvement in durum wheat breadmaking quality. Further studies with concomitant selection at other loci are needed to see the effects of Gpc‐B1 among elite germplasm.Significance and noveltyDurum wheat production and consumption will increase as bread quality improves. The functional Gpc‐B1 allele contributed to improved breadmaking quality. The present report is the first to examine the effect of this allele on breadmaking in durum wheat.
Synthesis, Mechanism Elucidation and Biological Insights of Tellurium(IV)‐Containing Heterocycles
Authors: Souza João Pedro A. , Menezes Leociley R. A. , Garcia Francielle P. , Scariot Débora B. , Bandeira Pamela T. , Bespalhok Mateus B. , Giese Siddhartha O. K. , Hughes David L. , Nakamura Celso V. , Barison Andersson , Oliveira Alfredo R. M. , Campos Renan B. , Piovan Leandro 
Published: August 2021

AbstractInspired by the synthetic and biological potential of organotellurium substances, a series of five‐ and six‐membered ring organotelluranes containing a Te−O bond were synthesized and characterized. Theoretical calculations elucidated the mechanism for the oxidation‐cyclization processes involved in the formation of the heterocycles, consistent with chlorine transfer to hydroxy telluride, followed by a cyclization step with simultaneous formation of the new Te−O bond and deprotonation of the OH group. Moreover, theoretical calculations also indicated anti‐diastereoisomers to be major products for two chirality center–containing compounds. Antileishmanial assays against Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes disclosed 1,2λ4‐oxatellurane LQ50 (IC50=4.1±1.0; SI=12), 1,2λ4‐oxatellurolane LQ04 (IC50=7.0±1.3; SI=7) and 1,2λ4‐benzoxatellurole LQ56 (IC50=5.7±0.3; SI=6) as more powerful and more selective compounds than the reference, being up to four times more active. A stability study supported by 125Te NMR analyses showed that these heterocycles do not suffer structural modifications in aqueous‐organic media or at temperatures up to 65 °C.
Investigation of Masked N‐Acyl‐N‐isocyanates: Support for Oxadiazolones as Blocked N‐Isocyanate Precursors
Authors: Gagné‐Monfette William , Vincent‐Rocan Jean‐François , Lutes Owen C. , O'Keefe Geneviève F. , Jeanneret Alexandria D. M. , Blanger Claire , Ivanovich Ryan A. , Beauchemin André M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn contrast to carbon‐substituted isocyanates that are common building blocks, N‐substituted isocyanates remain underdeveloped and reports on their N‐acyl derivatives (i. e. amido‐isocyanates) are exceedingly rare. Herein, amido‐isocyanates were investigated in the context of syntheses of aza‐tripeptide and hydantoins subunits starting from simple bench‐stable precursors. A key finding is that the amido‐isocyanate formed in situ cyclized to yield an oxadiazolone, and that under suitable reaction conditions this heterocycle is a traceless blocked (masked) N‐isocyanate. Using organic bases as catalysts and upon heating, oxadiazolone formation is observed, and various nucleophiles to provide the desired aza‐dipeptides or hydantoins in moderate to high yields. Further support for an amido‐isocyanate intermediate was obtained using carboxylic acids as nucleophiles, affording N‐acylhydrazide products.
Primary Sulfonamide Functionalization via Sulfonyl Pyrroles: Seeing the N−Ts Bond in a Different Light
Authors: Ozaki Tomoya , Yorimitsu Hideki , Perry Gregory J. P. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDespite common occurrence in molecules of value, methods for transforming sulfonamides are distinctly lacking. Here we introduce easy‐to‐access sulfonyl pyrroles as synthetic linchpins for sulfonamide functionalization. The versatility of the sulfonyl pyrrole unit is shown by generating a variety of products through chemical, electrochemical and photochemical pathways. Preliminary results on the direct functionalization of primary sulfonamides are also provided, which may lead to new modes of activation.
Excited State Charge Separation in an Azobenzene‐Bridged Perylenediimide Dimer – Effect of Photochemical Trans‐Cis Isomerization
Authors: Zink‐Lorre Nathalie , Seetharaman Sairaman , Gutiérrez‐Moreno David , Fernández‐Lázaro Fernando , Karr Paul A. , D'Souza Francis 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPhotoinduced charge transfer and separation events in a newly synthesized azobenzene‐bridged perylenediimide‐dimer (PDI‐dimer) are demonstrated. Trans‐to‐cis conversion (∼50 % efficiency) from the initial trans PDI‐dimer by 355 nm pulsed laser light, and its reversal, cis‐to‐trans, process by 435 nm laser light irradiation has been possible to accomplish. Efficient fluorescence quenching in the PDI‐dimer, more so for the cis isomer was witnessed, and such quenching increased with increasing solvent polarity. DFT‐calculated geometry and electronic structures helped in visualizing the charge transfer in the PDI‐dimer in both isomeric forms, and also revealed certain degree of participation of the azobenzene entity in the charge transfer events. Femtosecond transient absorption spectral studies confirmed occurrence of both charge transfer followed by charge separation in the studied PDI‐dimer in both trans and cis forms in polar solvents, and the evaluated time constants from Global target analysis revealed accelerated events in the cis PDI‐dimer due to proximity effects. The present study offers key insights on the role of the azobenzene bridge, and the dimer geometry in governing the excited state charge transfer and separation in symmetrically linked PDI dimer.
Autologous fat transfer—principles, techniques, and outcomes for facial rejuvenation, scars, breast, and buttocks
Authors: Roh Mi R. , Chung Kee Y. , Goyal Nilesh N. , Al Shehri Fatma 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAutologous fat transfer is a common method to correct soft‐tissue defects. It has been used in various conditions with subcutaneous atrophy induced by trauma or inflammation. Recently, the use has become popular for cosmetic purposes such as facial rejuvenation andbody contouring. In this article, we review the science and method behind its practice and describe other possible indications for autologous fat transfer.
Patterns of flammability after a sequence of mixed‐severity wildfire in dry eucalypt forests of southern Australia
Authors: Barker James W. , Price Owen F. , Jenkins Meaghan E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFire severity is the impact of a fire on the landscape, particularly the physical impact on vegetation. Previous studies have established that the severity of a fire can be influenced by the severity of previous fires. Many of these studies were conducted in mixed‐conifer forests, while little is known of this process in temperate eucalypt forests. Barker and Price in their 2018 publication (“Positive severity feedback between consecutive fires in dry eucalypt forests of southern Australia,” Ecosphere 9:e02110) found that high severity fire promotes high severity fire in eucalypt forests, but how is the severity of a fire in these systems affected by the severity of two sequential previous fires? This was investigated using remotely sensed and mapped fire severity data. We found that high severity fire is more likely after at least one previous high severity fire, regardless of its position in the sequence. A sequence of low or moderate severity fire followed by low severity fire resulted in the lowest proportion of high severity in the response fire. Our results suggest that low severity fire maintains the structure of forest fuels, so flammability remains relatively constant. A single high severity fire drives change, altering the structure and flammability of the vegetation and promoting more severe fire. However, the effects were small, so a cycle of high severity fire may be easily broken due to the influence of other variables, such as weather. Repeated high severity fire may also result in a decline in the ability of plants to recover from fire, leading to a compositional and structural change and potentially reducing the flammability of a forest.
α‐Amino Acids and α,β‐Dipeptides Intercalated into Hydrotalcite: Efficient Catalysts in the Asymmetric Michael Addition Reaction of Aldehydes to N‐Substituted Maleimides
Authors: Landeros José M. , Cruz‐Hernández Carlos , Juaristi Eusebio 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this work, a series of α‐amino acids (L‐Phe, D‐Phe, L‐Trp) and several α,β‐dipeptides (H2N‐L‐Val‐N‐Bn‐β‐Ala‐COOH and H2N‐L‐Leu‐N‐Bn‐β‐Ala‐COOH) intercalated into hydrotalcite (Mg/Al, x=0.333) were prepared by high speed ball milling (HSBM) assisted rehydration/reconstruction methods, followed by sonication and mechanical stirring. All organic‐inorganic hybrid samples were characterized by powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and FTIR‐ATR spectroscopy. The catalytic activity of the resulting hydrotalcite‐supported materials (natural and hybrid) was evaluated in the asymmetric Michael addition reaction of α,α‐disubstituted‐aldehydes to N‐substituted‐maleimides. Pristine (HTS), calcined (HTC) and water‐reconstructed (HTR‐l) hydrotalcite‐derived materials exhibited very low catalytic activities, affording racemic mixtures of the anticipated Michael adduct. By contrast, hybrid materials showed better activities, especially HTR‐α‐amino acid catalysts afforded Michael products in up to 94 % yield and with rather high enantioselectivity (enantiomeric ratio (e.r.) up to 99 : 1) at room temperature under neat reaction conditions. The effect of solvents and Brønsted basic or acidic additives was evaluated using the best hybrid catalyst, HTR‐L‐Phe. In addition, recycling and reuse of the catalyst (up to 4 cycles) and large‐scale experiments was successfully carried out.
Using an autonomous underwater vehicle with onboard stochastic advection‐diffusion models to map excursion sets of environmental variables
Authors: Foss Karine Hagesæther , Berget Gunhild Elisabeth , Eidsvik Jo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNew robotic sensor platforms have computing resources that enable a rich set of tasks for adaptive monitoring of the environment. But to substantially augment the toolbox of environmental sensing, such platforms must be embedded with realistic statistical models and coherent methodologies for designing experiments and assimilating the data. In this article, we develop myopic and hybrid strategies for autonomous underwater vehicle sampling in space and time. These strategies are based on a stochastic advection‐diffusion Gaussian process model for the mine tailings concentration in a Norwegian fjord, and the goal is to monitor the excursion set (ES) of high concentrations. Closed form expressions for the expected misclassification probabilities of the ES enable real‐time operation on board the autonomous vehicle, and this is used to guide the spatio‐temporal sampling. Simulation studies show that the suggested strategies outperform other approaches that either (i) simplify the models for spatio‐temporal variation, or (ii) simplify the design criterion. A field test shows how autonomous underwater sampling is useful for refining an initial stochastic advection‐diffusion model. These experiments further show that the vehicle can adapt to focus on regions with intermediate concentrations where it is natural to improve the ES prediction.
A transient flow solution to describe fluid flow to horizontal fractures applied to frac‐packed wells
Authors: Guo Boyun , Fu Chunkai , Liu Ning 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper presents an analytical model to describe the transient fluid flow to a horizontal fracture in frac‐packed vertical wells. A physical model is first established where a horizontal frac‐packed fracture is located in the middle of a cylindrical reservoir. The pressure distribution in the fracture is then derived concerning time and the distance to the wellbore. The analytical model assumes a homogeneous and isotropic reservoir where Darcy's law applies to a single‐phase fluid flow, a radial fracture with a radius much greater than pay zone thickness, and a constant fracture width. For ease of application, a Type Curve Matching approach is introduced which features the matching of a defined dimensionless pressure between field pressure data and model data, and some exemplar curves are illustrated in this paper. The principle of applying curve matching here is to tune model parameters to match the measured pressure/rate data. Once the curves are matched, the model parameters, that is, fracture permeability, etc, are naturally obtained. The validity of the derived model is informed in two ways. The results show that the model will degenerate to the classic radial flow equation for practical values of certain model parameters and upon reasonable simplification. Model validity is further verified by applying the type curve matching technique using field data. This model can be used as a quick and reasonable method to analyze the transient pressure/rate test data to reveal fundamental fracture and reservoir properties for a frac‐packed horizontal fracture at shallow depths where the vertical formation stress is the least in situ stress.
Implications of reworking processes on tephra distribution during volcanic eruptions: The case of Parícutin (1943–1952, western Mexico)
Authors: Bolós Xavier , Macias José Luis , Ocampo‐Díaz Yam Zul E. , Tinoco Claudio 
Published: August 2021

AbstractParícutin in western Mexico is considered one of the most studied monogenetic volcanoes worldwide. The volcano began its formation in the middle of a cornfield in February 1943 and lasted until March 1952. Descriptions of the eruption documented the remobilization of unconsolidated primary ashfall by rainfall and wind in minor proportions. Despite these descriptions, the resulting reworked deposits have not yet been described in stratigraphic sequence. We present the first stratigraphic study of interfingered primary pyroclastic and reworked deposits of Parícutin's succession. We identify 13 units, of which seven correspond to reworked deposits dispersed around the volcano. These deposits display sedimentary structures produced by tephra remobilization due to lahars and stream flows. In addition, some layers display dunes and ripples generated by dust storms. By using GIS tools, we integrated the existing data with our new composite stratigraphic column, the distribution map of the syn‐eruptive reworked deposits and a new isopach map. This new evaluation reveals that more than 70% of the total thicknesses around the volcano correspond to syn‐eruptive reworked deposits (R1–R4 units). Therefore, previous studies had overestimated the distribution of primary tephra from the Parícutin explosive phases. The lowest and flattest areas with wide rill networks, which are located 4–6 km north of the volcano, are composed of up to 90% reworked deposits. In contrast, proximal locations with gentler slopes located at medium altitudes better preserve pyroclastic deposits. This study brings new light to understanding the sedimentary processes that occur during volcanic eruptions and highlights the importance of recognizing pyroclastic and reworked deposits during monogenetic eruptions.