bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sequential versus mono double plasma molecular adsorption system in acute-on-chronic liver failures: A propensity-score matched study
Authors: Zhang Jing , Luo Hui , Han Ying , Zhou Xinmin 
Published: January 2021

Aims: Efficacy of sequential double plasma molecular adsorb system (DPMAS) and plasma exchange (PE) on patients with acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF) has been rarely reported. We hereby reported the outcomes of a consecutive cohort of ACLF patients treated with sequential and mono DPMAS. Method: Patients treated with artificial liver support system between January 2011 and December 2016 in XiJing hospital were retrospectively reviewed. A toal of 125 ACLF patients either received mono (DPMAS only) or sequential DPMAS (PE followed by DPMAS) therapy. One to one propensity-score matching (PSM) was used to compare the effects of sequential and mono DPMAS on survival and liver function. Results: After PSM, 80 patients were included with 40 patients in each group. Sequential therapy achieved significantly higher removal of total bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase than mono DPMAS, but stabilized international normalized ratio. The effects of both regimens on white blood cell, platelet, creatinine, and liver function scores were similar. Survival rate on 90-day was 50% in the sequential group and 47.5% in the mono group. Conclusion: For ACLF patients, sequential DPMAS and PE seemed to have a better effect on liver function improvement but provided no survival benefit compared with mono DPMAS.
Hospice Care Provider Perspectives of Medical Assistance in Dying in a Canadian Hospice That Does Not Provide Medical Assistance in Dying
Authors: Ward Valerie , Freeman Shannon , Banner Davina 
Published: January 2021

Background Medical assistance in Dying (MAiD) is offered across diverse settings, including hospices. There is little research exploring the experiences of hospice care providers who support patients who undergo MAiD at an off-site location. Purpose To describe hospice care provider perceptions of MAiD in an in-patient hospice facility that does not provide MAiD. Methods Participants included hospice administrators, nurses, staff and volunteers who provide care at an in-patient hospice facility in a geographically isolated medium sized city (population <100,000) in a western Canadian province. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, eight in-depth semi-structured interviews were undertaken. Data were digitally recorded, transcribed, analyzed inductively, and organized thematically. Results Introduction of MAiD challenged and disrupted care practices. Themes included: Situating MAiD within hospice and palliative care, caring for patients undergoing MAiD within a non-provider facility, and balancing interpersonal dynamics in an interdisciplinary team environment. Themes were underpinned by participants’ attempts to reconcile MAiD within personal beliefs and work environment. Conclusion Caring for patients who chose MAiD changed the dynamic of care. Participants focused on providing patient-centred care while attempting to normalize the MAiD process. Educational resources to support patient-centred care for patients who undergo MAiD off-site, address care provider self-care, and to facilitate safe and effective interdisciplinary communication are needed.
The National Standard of Psychological Health and Safety in the Workplace: A Psychometric and Descriptive Study of the Nursing Workforce in British Columbia Hospitals
Authors: Havaei Farinaz , Park Minjeong , Astivia Oscar L. Olvera 
Published: January 2021

Background In 2013, the Mental Health Commission of Canada created a National Standard that includes 13 workplace factors associated with employee mental health. Purpose This study (a) examined the psychometric properties of Guarding Minds at Work (GMW), the instrument used to measure the Standard’s 13 workplace factors and (b) assessed BC nurses’ workplace risk factors. Methods A province-wide survey study of 3,077 direct care nurses working in acute care settings was conducted. Results Subscale internal consistencies were acceptable. For most items, the original alphas were greater than the alpha-if-item-deleted. All corrected item-subtotal correlations were moderate to high. The 13-factor structure showed an adequate model fit based on absolute fit indices (SRMR = 0.057 and RMSEA = 0.054) but the relative fit indices were lower than the recommended cutoff (CFI = 0.827 and TLI = 0.815). Nurses identified nine of the 13 GMW factors as serious or significant concern in their workplace. Conclusions The findings were consistent with a plethora of evidence pointing to shortcomings in nurses’ work environments. This was the first study partially supporting the reliability and validity of the GMW. More work is required to refine the GMW and gain a better understanding of its psychometric properties.
Hippocampal Involvement With Vigabatrin-Related MRI Signal Abnormalities in Patients With Infantile Spasms: A Novel Finding
Authors: Harini Chellamani , Yuskaitis Christopher J. , Libenson Mark H. , Yang Edward , DeLeo Michelle , Zhang Bo , Mysak Kate , Marti Candice , Peters Jurriaan M. , Bergin Ann Marie , Pearl Phillip L. , Prabhu Sanjay P. 
Published: January 2021

Background: In a subset of infants exhibiting typical vigabatrin-related magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changes, the authors observed additional hippocampal signal abnormalities. The authors investigated occurrence and significance of additional signal abnormalities. Methods: A retrospective review of infantile spasms patients with typical vigabatrin-related MRI abnormalities was performed. Atypical features included signal changes unilaterally or at previously unreported sites. Comparisons were made between patients with and without atypical features. Results: In all, 26/55 (47%) exhibited typical vigabatrin-related MRI changes, with additional signal abnormalities in the hippocampi in 6 of 26. On follow-up, evolution of hippocampal signal changes paralleled changes at typical locations in 4 patients. Two patients, clinically well, without follow-up MRI. Patients with and without additional hippocampal signal changes did not differ with respect to clinical factors, including seizure status. One patient had unilateral thalamic/cerebral peduncle signal abnormality along with typical vigabatrin changes. Conclusions: Hippocampal changes seen in subset of patients with typical vigabatrin-related changes may be attributable to vigabatrin exposure in the appropriate circumstance.
Media Coverage and Framing of Oakland’s Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Tax, 2016-2019
Authors: Asada Yuka , Taher Sabira , Pipito Andrea , Chriqui Jamie F. 
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To describe media coverage and framing of Oakland, California’s, sugar-sweetened beverage tax. Design: Media content analysis. Sample: Media documents (n = 90), published January 1, 2016-August 31, 2019, were retrieved from Oakland news outlets and ProQuest, NexusUni, EBSCO, and Google. Analysis: Documents were coded using constant comparative analysis in Atlas.ti v8; with descriptive analyses conducted using Stata/SE v. 15.1. Results: Documents were published evenly between pre- and post-ballot periods (n = 45); the majority (n = 47) provided neutral framing. Protax documents (n = 33) highlighted SSB consumption and health associations and countered antitax messaging; antitax documents (n = 10) focused on misinformation and sowing public confusion. Conclusion: Neutral media educates and raises awareness. Published prior to a vote, the media may help influence public opinion regarding SSB taxes. SSB tax media advocacy campaigns, giving particular attention to timing and perspective-based framing, may help to secure adoption and support implementation.
Private psychiatry in Australia: reflections on career opportunities, benefits, and challenges
Authors: Looi Jeffrey CL , Atchison Michelle , Pring William 
Published: January 2021

Objective: To provide reflection on career opportunities, benefits and challenges, with regard to commencing private practice psychiatry in Australia. Conclusions: There are varied opportunities for a career in private practice psychiatry. Private practice has benefits and challenges, distinct from public sector psychiatry; with moderately greater professional autonomy, facilitating the provision of expert mental healthcare for the community.
Comparison of inpatients who were readmitted within 28 days of discharge with those not readmitted: an audit at an Australian private psychiatric hospital
Authors: Hope Judith , Keks Nicholas A , Pring William , Adamopoulos Voula , Toffler David , Macfarlane Stephen , Van Sebille Debbie 
Published: January 2021

Objective: To compare inpatients who had been readmitted within 28 days of discharge with patients not readmitted within the same period in a private psychiatric hospital. Method: Of 118 readmissions within 28 days in 2017 (7% of admissions), 50 were randomly selected and matched by age and gender with control patients who had not been readmitted within 28 days. Differences in demographics, diagnosis, length of stay and number of admissions in the previous 12 months were examined. Results: Readmitted cases were 64% female, were aged 49.8 ± 18.2 years (range 19–89), 40% were in relationships and 24% were receiving disability support. Most patients were suffering an episode of depression. Cases had higher rates of multiple psychiatric diagnoses ( p < .001) and physical disorders ( p < .05). There were no significant differences between cases and controls on psychiatric diagnoses. Cases had a longer length of stay in their previous admission ( p < .01) and a higher number of admissions in the preceding 12 months ( p < .05) compared to controls. Conclusion: This study indicates that inpatients readmitted within 28 days of discharge were more likely to have multiple diagnoses, physical co-morbidity and relapsing conditions than patients who were not readmitted.
Cost Savings Associated With Palliative Care Among Older Adults With Advanced Cancer
Authors: Sheridan Paige E. , LeBrett Wendi G. , Triplett Daniel P. , Roeland Eric J. , Bruggeman Andrew R. , Yeung Heidi N. , Murphy James D. 
Published: January 2021

Background: There is inconsistent evidence that palliative care intervention decreases total healthcare expenditure at end-of-life for oncology patients. This inconsistent evidence may result from small sample sizes at single institution studies and disparate characterization of costs across studies. Comprehensive studies in population-based datasets are needed to fully understand the impact of palliative care on total healthcare costs. This study analyzed the impact of palliative care on total healthcare costs in a nationally representative sample of advanced cancer patients. Methods: We conducted a matched cohort study among Medicare patients with metastatic lung, colorectal, breast and prostate cancers. We matched patients who received a palliative care consultation to similar patients who did not receive a palliative care consultation on factors related to both the receipt of palliative care and end of life costs. We compared direct costs between matched patients to determine the per-patient economic impact of a palliative care consultation. Results: Patients who received a palliative care consultation experienced an average per patient cost of $5,834 compared to $7,784 for usual care patients (25% decrease; p < 0.0001). Palliative care consultation within 7 days of death decreased healthcare costs by $451, while palliative care consultation more than 4 weeks from death decreased costs by $4,643. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that palliative care has the capacity to substantially reduce healthcare expenditure among advanced cancer patients. Earlier palliative care consultation results in greater cost reductions than consultation in the last week of life.
Oliceridine for the Management of Acute Postoperative Pain
Authors: Liu Yang , Hu Qiang , Yang Junyi 
Published: January 2021

Objective To review the pharmacological characteristics, clinical evidence, and place in the management of acute postoperative pain severe enough to require an intravenous opioid. Data Sources A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed (January 2000 to December 1, 2020). Key search terms included oliceridine or acute postoperative pain. Other sources were derived from product labeling and ClinicalTrials.gov. Study Selection and Data Extraction All English-language articles identified from the data sources were reviewed and evaluated. Phase I, II, and III clinical trials were included. Data Synthesis Oliceridine is a novel selective µ-receptor G-protein pathway modulator. It has the property of activating G-protein signaling while causing low β-arrestin recruitment to the µ-receptor. Intravenous oliceridine showed statistically superior analgesia than placebo in patients with moderate or severe pain after surgery, with a favorable safety and tolerability profile regarding respiratory and gastrointestinal adverse effects, compared with morphine. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice The analgesic capacity of oliceridine is at least comparable to that of morphine at clinically relevant dosages, with a rapid onset of action. Also, it may be associated with a lower incidence of adverse events at dosing regimens associated with comparable analgesia. These data suggest that oliceridine may provide an important new treatment option for the management of moderate to severe postoperative pain where an intravenous opioid is warranted. Conclusion Oliceridine has obvious analgesic effects in patients with moderate or severe pain after surgery; additionally, it has a favorable safety and tolerability profile.
Characterizing Loss of Control Associated With Binge Eating in College-Age Men
Authors: Wolfe Barbara E. , Kelly-Weeder Susan , Willis Danny G. , Leveillee Mary 
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.) identifies key features of binge eating (BE) to include the consumption of a large amount of food and the perception of loss of control (LOC) over eating during a distinct episode. While earlier research has focused on food consumption, findings are now emerging on the role of LOC associated with the BE episodes, particularly in women. However, it is unclear that these findings are applicable to men without knowing how men experience LOC associated with BE. AIMS: This study examined how college-age men describe LOC associated with BE. METHOD: Previously collected qualitative data from a study examining BE in college age-students were used to examine responses from 53 men (mean age 19.9 ± 1.1 [ SD] years). Respondents were asked about their individual experiences of LOC associated with BE episodes. Data were analyzed using content analysis. RESULTS: Four categories emerged from the data: (1) keep eating, (2) can’t stop, (3) without thinking, and (4) food so good. CONCLUSIONS: Findings extend the current understanding of LOC associated with BE in men and point to potential gender differences, and/or weight influences, based on previous reports. Identified categories may be potentially targeted areas for tailored therapy to enhance awareness and self-regulation of BE behavior.
Evaluation of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (DuraNet®) Under laboratory and Semi-Field Conditions Using Experimental Huts Against Anopheles Mosquitoes in Jimma Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Gebremariam Brhane , Birke Wondwosen , Zeine Wuhib , Ambelu Argaw , Yewhalaw Delenasaw 
Published: January 2021

Background: Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) efficacy could be compromised due to a lot of influences together with user compliance and vector population insecticide resistance status. Thus, this study was to assess the biological efficacy of DuraNet® with the help of the World Health Organization cone bioassay and field experimental hut. Methods: A laboratory and a semi-field conditions experimental huts against Anopheles Mosquitoes were conducted in southwestern Ethiopia from September 2015 to January 2016. The bio efficacy of DuraNet® was evaluated using the WHO cone bioassay test and then its field efficacy was evaluated using experimental huts against the malaria vector population. Results: World Health Organization cone bioassay tests against pyrethroid-resistant An. arabiensis led to mean percent mortality and knockdown of 78% and 93%, respectively. Washing of DuraNet® successively reduced its efficacy from 93% knockdown (0 wash) to 45% knockdown (20 washes). Similarly, mean mortality decreased from 84% (0 wash) to 47% (20 washes). A total of 1575 female mosquitoes were collected over 40 nights out of which 1373(87.8%) were An. gambiae s.l., 116 (7.4%) were Anopheles coustani and 107 (6.8%) were An. pharoensis. The mean blood-feeding rate was significantly lower ( P < .001) in hut containing unwashed DuraNet® when compared to hut containing untreated DuraNet®. The mean mortality rate was significantly higher ( P < .001) in hut containing DuraNet® when compared to hut containing untreated DuraNet®. Unwashed DuraNet® showed the highest personal protection 88.7% and 100% against An. Arabiensis and An. pharoensis, respectively. Conclusion: Both DuraNet® and PermaNet 2.0 moderate efficacy against a pyrethroid-resistant population of An. arabiensis from Ethiopia. The bio efficacy of DuraNet® was found below the WHO recommendation. Therefore, the real impact of the observed insecticide resistance against DuraNet® to be further studied under phase-III trials, the need for new alternative vector control tools remains critical.
Atypical Presentation of Celiac Disease: Recurrent Acute Small Bowel Obstruction
Authors: R El Qadiry , A Lalaoui , H Nassih , I Aitsab , A Bourrahouat 
Published: January 2021

Context: Intussusception is the most common cause of small bowel obstruction in children under 4 years of age. Intussusception is not a widely recognized complication of celiac disease. Case Report: We present a clinical case of a 23-month-old boy with a 1-month history of watery diarrhea complicated by 2 episodes of intestinal obstruction, both had required surgery. He presented with acute and severe abdominal distention with bilious vomiting, and an appearance of intussusception on abdominal ultrasound. Upon further investigation, the diarrhea was found to be malabsorptive. The diagnosis of celiac disease was confirmed by the presence of specific serum autoantibodies (IgA Tissue transglutaminase and endomysium Antibodies >200 UI/ml with normal serum IgA level). He started a gluten-free diet and his symptoms were almost completely resolved. Conclusion: Recurrent intussusception may be associated with celiac disease, so celiac serology is recommended in children with recurrent intussusceptions. However, intestinal tuberculosis and lymphoma associated with enteropathy should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Intussusception in celiac disease is usually transient and should be managed expectantly rather than early surgical reduction.
Changing attitudes towards teletherapy in Austrian therapists during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Rettinger Lena , Klupper Carissa , Werner Franz , Putz Peter 
Published: January 2021

Introduction Telehealth and its usage strongly depend on regulatory frameworks and user acceptance. During the COVID-19 pandemic, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, speech-language therapists and their patients experienced restrictions regarding the usual face-to-face therapy. Teletherapy has become a highly discussed medium for providing therapy services. This study aimed at assessing Austrian therapists’ attitudes towards teletherapy, including perceived barriers, during and before the COVID-19 lockdown. Further interest referred to therapists’ technical affinity and experiences with the application of teletherapy. Methods Therapists ( n = 325) completed an online survey amid the COVID-19 lockdown in 2020. Retrospective indications referred to the time prior to the lockdown. Ratings were opposed across the three therapeutic professions. Subgroup analyses investigated the role of gender and age regarding technical affinity. Measures included custom-made attitudinal statements towards teletherapy and the standardized TA-EG survey. Results The COVID-19 lockdown caused attitude changes towards teletherapy – for example, in terms of interest ( r = 0.57, p > 0.01), perceived skills for performance of teletherapy ( r = 0.33, p > 0.01) and perceived need for physical contact with patients ( r = 0.35, p > 0.01). Regarding technical affinity, women reported significantly higher values than men did ( r = 0.32, p > 0.01). Nearly half of the participants already applied teletherapy, with mainly positive ratings regarding perceived skills and feasibility. Barriers identified were missing or unstable reimbursement policies by insurance companies and therapeutic software with guaranteed data security. Discussion Austrian therapists indicate a relatively high level of telehealth positivity, with an improvement in the course of the COVID-19 lockdown. However, therapists outline the need for stable reimbursement policies and secure software solutions.
Prolonged iatrogenic thoracic duct chylous fistula in neck surgery: conservative management or surgery? A literature review
Authors: Parmeggiani Domenico , Gualtieri Giorgia , Terracciano Gianmattia , Gambardella Claudio , Parisi Simona , Brusciano Luigi , Ruggiero Roberto , Docimo Ludovico 
Published: January 2021

Background: Thoracic duct chylous fistula is a rare complication following neck surgery, especially for malignant disease. Despite its low incidence, it can be a life-threatening postoperative complication increasing the risk of infection, bleeding, hypovolemia, electrolyte imbalance, and malnutrition. Currently, the management of thoracic duct fistula is not standardized yet. It can range from conservative to surgical approaches, and even when surgery indication occurs, there is no unanimous agreement on timing and operative steps, so the surgical approach still remains mostly subjective, in accordance with clinical conditions of the patients and with surgeon’s experience. Aims: The aim of the study was to search into Literature a common accepted behaviour in thoracic duct chylous fistula occurring. Methods: A literature review was carried out. Conservative treatments include fasting associated with total parental nutrition or low-fat diet, compressive dressings, and octreotide administration. If conservative treatment fails, in order to avoid dangerous consequences, functional repair of the thoracic duct injury with lymphovenous microanastomosis should be the preferred solution, rather than an approach that obliterates the thoracic duct or lymphatic–chylous pathways, such as thoracic duct embolization, therapeutic lymphangiography, and thoracic duct ligation. Conclusions: In our experience, patients undergone thyroidectomy and neck dissection for thyroid-differentiated cancer, who report an unrecognized thoracic duct chylous fistula after surgery, must be treated via integrated conservative and surgical treatment. A literature review about thoracic duct chylous fistula following neck surgery, focusing on the current management and therapeutic approach, was furthermore carried out, in order to delineate the actual therapeutic options in case of thoracic duct chylous fistula occurrence.