bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of contemporaneous orogenesis on sedimentation in the Late Cretaceous Western Interior Basin, northern Utah and southwestern Wyoming
Authors: Davis Elizabeth M. , Rudolph Kurt W. , Saylor Joel E. , Lapen Thomas J. , Wellner Julia S. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThree drivers of subsidence are recognized in the Western Interior Basin: Mesozoic–early Cenozoic flexure adjacent to the thin‐skinned, eastward propagating Sevier Orogeny, Late Cretaceous–Eocene flexure associated with thick‐skinned Laramide Uplifts and Late Cretaceous dynamic subsidence. This study combines outcrop lithofacies, palaeocurrent measurements, detrital zircon geochronology, biostratigraphy, stratigraphic correlations and isopach maps of Coniacian–Maastrichtian (89–66 Ma) units to identify these subsidence mechanisms impact on basin geometry and stratigraphic architecture in the northern Utah to southwestern Wyoming segment of the North American Cordillera. Detrital zircon maximum depositional ages and biostratigraphy support that the Maastrichtian Hams Fork Conglomerate was deposited above the Moxa unconformity in the wedgetop and foredeep depozones. The Moxa unconformity underlies the progradational Ericson Formation in the distal foredeep. The Hams Fork, however, is younger than the Ericson Formation, and instead equivalent to upper Almond Formation. Therefore, the hiatus associated with the Moxa unconformity continued for several million years longer in the fold belt and proximal basin than in the distal foredeep, with Ericson Formation‐equivalent strata onlapping the Moxa unconformity towards the west. Regional thickness patterns record and constrain the timing of the transition from Sevier to Laramide‐style tectonic regimes. From 88 to 83 Ma (upper Baxter Formation) a westward‐thickening stratigraphic wedge characterized the foredeep developed by lithospheric flexure by thrust‐belt loading. Nevertheless, the presence of >500 m of subsidence >200 km from the thrust front suggests a long‐wavelength subsidence mechanism consistent with dynamic subsidence. By 83 Ma (Blair Formation) the long‐wavelength depocentre shifted away from the thrust belt, with no evidence of a Sevier foredeep. This depocentre continued migrating eastward during the early‐mid Campanian (ca. 81–77 Ma). The late Campanian–Maastrichtian (ca. 74–66 Ma) is marked by narrow sedimentary wedges adjacent to the Wind River, Granite and Uinta Mountain uplifts and attributed to flexural loading by Laramide deformation.
Measuring well‐being in older adults: Identifying an appropriate single‐item questionnaire
Authors: Fukui Sakiko , Ishikawa Takako , Iwahara Yuka , Fujikawa Aya , Fujita Junko , Takahashi Kunihiko 
Published: October 2021

AimAs the older adult population increases globally, it is important for local governments to measure their health and well‐being consistently to effectively support this group. Because definitions of subjective well‐being – such as happiness, life satisfaction and subjective health – overlap, it is worth considering which single‐item indicator local governments can rely on to measure individual well‐being. This study, therefore, explored the correlation between three single‐item questionnaires on happiness, life satisfaction and subjective health used in government surveys, and established psychometric scales of happiness, life satisfaction and quality of life, and analyzed which of the three single‐item indicators most effectively captured the target well‐being.MethodsRandomly selected people aged ≥65 years in urban and rural areas (n = 1440) answered the questions on the Happiness Scale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale and the Quality of Life scale, and the three single‐item questionnaires (happiness, life satisfaction and subjective health). We analyzed the data using correlation and multiple regression analyses.ResultsThe results showed a high positive correlation between the scales and the single‐item questionnaires. The single‐item life satisfaction and subjective health questionnaires were significantly correlated with all the three scales. Although there was not much difference in the adjusted R2 values between putting three items jointly and separately, the value of single‐item life satisfaction was the best and the subjective health was the second best.ConclusionThe results showed that the single‐item life satisfaction and subjective health effectively captured the target well‐being; these could be the appropriate indicators for a potential optimal index. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 1131–1137.
Adding collagen to adipose tissue transplant increases engraftment by promoting cell proliferation, neovascularisation and macrophage activity in a rat model
Authors: Suzuki Chika , Komiya Takako , Inoue Hana , Yoshimoto Takayuki , Matsumura Hajime 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTo clarify the effect of collagen addition to transplanted adipose tissue on angiogenesis, cell proliferation and tissue remodelling process and reveal whether collagen addition contributes to improving transplanted adipose tissue engraftment in rats. Adipose tissue was harvested from the inguinal and injected into the back of the rat, in addition to collagen. Engraftment tissue was harvested, semi‐quantitatively evaluated and underwent haematoxylin and eosin or Perilipin staining. Moreover, we evaluated viable adipocyte counts and neovascularisation. Macrophages were evaluated using flow cytometry, and the adiponectin or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA was detected using real‐time polymerase chain reaction. By collagen addition to transplanted adipose tissue, higher engraftment rate semi‐quantitatively and a greater number of new blood vessels histologically were identified. Perilipin staining revealed a higher adipocyte number. The total cell, M1 macrophage and M2 macrophage count were higher. There was increased adiponectin mRNA significantly at week 4 compared to that at week 1 after transplantation. Note that the expression levels of VEGF mRNA increased. In rats, adding collagen enhanced cell proliferation, induced M2 macrophages, which are involved in wound healing, and promoted adipocytes and neovascularisation. Therefore, collagen addition to transplanted adipose tissue could increase the engraftment rate of adipose tissue.
Contemporary records of the rare and critically endangered angular rough shark, Oxynotus centrina (Linnaeus, 1758), from the eastern Adriatic Sea
Authors: Gajić Andrej A. , Lelo Suvad , Joksimović Aleksandar , Pešić Ana , Tomanić Jovana , Beširović Hajrudin , Dragičević Branko 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe angular rough shark, Oxynotus centrina (Linnaeus, 1758), is a poorly known and rare bathydemersal shark inhabiting continental shelves and upper slopes with a significant lack of data and rarely published records in the Adriatic Sea in this century. In this paper, we present 20 new occurrences recorded from May 2015 to September 2021, of which 19 are in Croatian and one in Montenegrin territorial waters. Records of juveniles, subadults and adults are reported. Higher number of records off the Kornati archipelago in the central Adriatic Sea suggest that this area is of particular importance for this species. Furthermore, habitats in the Southern Adriatic might have lower density. Due to the nonsystematic research and nonprobabilistic data collection, it is difficult to establish whether the greater number of records in the continental shelf is just an ostensible phenomenon.
Lipidome changes in alcohol‐related brain damage
Authors: Smith Caine C. , Sheedy Donna L. , McEwen Holly P. , Don Anthony S. , Kril Jillian J. , Sutherland Greg T. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAlcohol‐related brain injury is characterized by cognitive deficits and brain atrophy with the prefrontal cortex particularly susceptible. White matter in the human brain is lipid rich and a major target of damage from chronic alcohol abuse; yet, there is sparse information on how these lipids are affected. Here, we used untargeted lipidomics as a discovery tool to describe these changes in the prefrontal, middle temporal, and visual cortices of human subjects with alcohol use disorder and controls. Significant changes to the lipidome, predominantly in the prefrontal and visual cortices, and differences between the white and grey matter of each brain region were identified. These effects include broad decreases to phospholipids and ceramide, decreased polyunsaturated fatty acids, decreased sphingadiene backbones, and selective decreases in cholesteryl ester fatty acid chains. Our findings show that chronic alcohol abuse results in selective changes to the neurolipidome, which likely reflects both the directs effects on the brain and concurrent effects on the liver.
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Periodontal bacteria in the brain—Implication for Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review
Authors: Parra‐Torres Valeria , Melgar‐Rodríguez Samanta , Muñoz‐Manríquez Constanza , Sanhueza Benjamín , Cafferata Emilio A. , Paula‐Lima Andrea C. , Díaz‐Zúñiga Jaime 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPeriodontitis is a chronic non‐communicable disease caused by a dysbiotic microbiota. Pathogens can spread to the bloodstream, colonize other tissues or organs, and favor the onset of other pathologies, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Pathogens could permanently or transiently colonize the brain and induce an immune response. Thus, we analyzed the evidence combining oral bacteria's detection in the brain, both in animals and humans affected with AD. This systematic review was carried out following the PRISMA guideline. Studies that detected oral bacteria at the brain level were selected. The search was carried out in the Medline, Latindex, SciELO, and Cochrane Library databases. SYRCLE tool and Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale were used for the risk of bias assessment. 23 studies were selected according to the eligibility criteria. Infection with oral pathogens in animals was related to developing neuropathological characteristics of AD and bacteria detection in the brain. In patients with AD, oral bacteria were detected in brain tissues, and increased levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines were also detected. There is evidence of a microbiological susceptibility to develop AD when the most dysbiosis‐associated oral bacteria are present. The presence of bacteria in the brain is related to AD's pathological characteristics, suggesting an etiological oral‐brain axis.
The valuable interaction among cardiac surgeon and electrophysiologist for transvenous rotational mechanical lead extraction
Authors: Migliore Federico , Tarzia Vincenzo , Dall'Aglio Pietro Bernardo , Falzone Pasquale Valerio , De Lazzari Manuel , Bottio Tomaso , D'Onofrio Augusto , Padalino Massimo , Vida Vladimiro , Rosso Jacopo , Leoni Loira , Pittarello Demetrio , Bertaglia Emanuele , Iliceto Sabino , Gerosa Gino 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundRecent studies have shown that Evolution RL bidirectional rotational mechanical sheath (Cook Medical, USA) is an effective and safe technique for transvenous lead extraction (TLE). We reported our experience with the bidirectional rotational mechanical tools using a multidisciplinary approach highlighting the value of a joint cardiac surgeon and electrophysiologist collaboration.MethodsThe study population comprised 84 patients (77% male; mean age 65 ± 18 years) undergoing TLE. After a multidisciplinary evaluation, a combined procedure was considered.ResultsThe main indication for TLE was infection in 54 cases (64%). Overall, 152 leads were extracted with a mean implant duration of 94 ± 63 months (range 12–421). Complete procedural success rate, clinical success rate, and lead removal with clinical success rate were 91.6% (77/84), 97.6% (82/84), and 98.6% (150/152), respectively. Eighteen combined procedures were performed in 12 patients (14%), such as “hybrid approach” (n = 2) or TLE concomitant to: 1) transcatheter aspiration procedure for large vegetation (n = 8); 2) left ventricular assistance device implantation as bridge to cardiac transplantation (n = 1); 3) permanent pacing with epicardial leads (n = 6); 4) tricuspid valve replacement (n = 1). One major complication (1.2%) and 11 (13%) minor complications were encountered. No injury to the superior vena cava occurred and no procedure‐related deaths were reported. During a mean time follow‐up of 21 ± 18 months, 17 patients (20%) died. They were more often diabetics (p = .02), and they underwent TLE more often for infection (p = .004).ConclusionsOur results support the finding that excellent outcomes can be achieved in performing TLE of chronically implanted leads by using the Evolution RL bidirectional rotational mechanical sheath and a multidisciplinary team approach involving both electrophysiologist and cardiac surgeon as first line operators.
Lithospheric structure beneath the Qinling Orogenic Belt and its surrounding regions: Implications for regional lithosphere deformation
Authors: Li Mengkui , Li Jinwu , Wei Yu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe present a lithospheric shear‐wave velocity model for the Qinling Orogenic Belt (QOB) and its surrounding regions through joint inversion of surface wave dispersion and receiver functions. Our model reveals large‐scale extremely low‐velocity zones (Vs ≤ 3.4 km/s) beneath the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau without further eastward extension, implying the absence ductile crustal flow beneath the eastern part of QOB. Pronounced upper‐mantle low‐velocity anomalies are imaged beneath the North Qinling and Weihe basin, suggesting the existence of deep mantle upwellings that lead to the extensional tectonics in these regions. A high‐velocity zone running continuously from the Alxa block to the eastern part of Qilian orogen in the uppermost mantle is revealed. We identify the high‐velocity zone to be the Asian mantle lithosphere and infer the development of southward underthrusting towards Qilian orogen.
Two-Step Algorithm to Detect Cyber-Attack Over the Can-Bus: A Preliminary Case Study in Connected Vehicles
Authors: Lombardi Marco , Pascale Francesco , Santaniello Domenico 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Modern vehicles are connected to the network and between each other through smart sensors and smart objects commonly present on board. This situation has allowed manufacturers to send over-the-air updates, receive diagnostic information, and offer various multimedia services. More generally, at present, all this is indicated by the term “Vehicle to Everything” (V2X), which indicates a system of communication between a vehicle and any entity that may influence the vehicle and vice versa. However, it introduces problems regarding the vehicle's IT security. It is possible, for example, by tampering with one of the electronic control units (ECUs) to take partial or total control of the vehicle. In this paper, we introduce a preliminary study case of a probabilistic approach in an intrusion detection system over the CAN-bus to guarantee cybersecurity inside connected vehicles. In particular, through the use of an innovative two-step detection algorithm that exploits both the variation of the status parameters of the various ECUs over time and the Bayesian networks can identify a possible attack. Starting from a domain analysis is possible to find out what are the parameters of interests and how these are related to each other. The first experimental results seem encouraging.
Determinants of health system diagnostic delay of pulmonary tuberculosis in Gurage and Siltie zones, South Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wako Wako Golicha , Wasie Abebaw , Wayessa Zelalem , Fikrie Anteneh 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundUnrecognised transmission of tuberculosis is a main contributor of high epidemic of tuberculosis in low-income countries. Studies done in Ethiopia showed that delay in tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment is one of the major challenges to tuberculosis control programmes in the country. This study assessed factors which predict health system diagnostic delay of new pulmonary tuberculosis in Gurage and Siltie zones, South Ethiopia.MethodsA health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 204 adult patients with new pulmonary tuberculosis in Gurage and Siltie zones. Consecutive sampling technique was used to recruit participants. Data were collected by using a structured and pretested Amharic questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi-info V.7, processed and analysed by SPSS V.20. Health system diagnostic delay was dichotomised as either long or acceptable delay using median delay.ResultsMedian (IQR) patient and health system diagnostic delays are almost equal which are 20 (10–34.5) and 20.5 (8.2–56.2) days, respectively. Results from logistic regression show that presence of long patient delays (adjusted OR (AOR)=2.85, 95% CI: 1.44 to 5.62; p=0.003) in seeking care, presence of sputum smear examination (AOR=0.37, 95% CI: 0.19 to 0.75; p=0.005) at the first visit to a health facility and multiple heath facility visit before diagnosis of tuberculosis (AOR=4.95, 95% CI: 1.98 to 12.40; p=0.001) were factors significantly associated with long health system diagnostic delay.ConclusionsLong patient delay and multiple health facility visits are positively associated with long health system diagnostic delay; whereas sputum smear examination at the first contact with a health facility is negatively associated with long health system tuberculosis diagnostic delay.
Longitudinal humoral antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers in a New York City hospital
Authors: Menon Vidya , Shariff Masood A , Perez Gutierrez Victor , Carreño Juan M , Yu Bo , Jawed Muzamil , Gossai Marcia , Valdez Elisenda , Pillai Anjana , Venugopal Usha , Kasubhai Moiz , Dimitrov Vihren , Krammer Florian 
Published: October 2021

ObjectiveDynamics of humoral immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 antigens following infection suggest an initial decay of antibody followed by subsequent stabilisation. We aim to understand the longitudinal humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein and spike (S) protein and to evaluate their correlation to clinical symptoms among healthcare workers (HCWs).DesignA prospective longitudinal study.SettingThis study was conducted in a New York City public hospital in the South Bronx, New York.ParticipantsHCWs participated in phase 1 (N=500) and were followed up 4 months later in phase 2 (N=178) of the study. They underwent SARS-CoV-2 PCR and serology testing for N and S protein antibodies, in addition to completion of an online survey in both phases. Analysis was performed on the 178 participants who participated in both phases of the study.Primary outcome measureEvaluate longitudinal humoral responses to viral N (qualitative serology testing) and S protein (quantitative Mount Sinai Health System ELISA to detect receptor-binding domain and full-length S reactive antibodies) by measuring rate of decay.ResultsAnti-N antibody positivity was 27% and anti-S positivity was 28% in phase 1. In phase 1, anti-S titres were higher in symptomatic (6754 (5177–8812)) than in asymptomatic positive subjects (5803 (2825–11 920)). Marginally higher titres (2382 (1494–3797)) were seen in asymptomatic compared with the symptomatic positive subgroup (2198 (1753–2755)) in phase 2. A positive correlation was noted between age (R=0.269, p<0.01), number (R=0.310, p<0.01) and duration of symptoms (R=0.434, p<0.01), and phase 1 anti-S antibody titre. A strong correlation (R=0.898, p<0.001) was observed between phase 1 titres and decay of anti-S antibody titres between the two phases. Significant correlation with rate of decay was also noted with fever (R=0.428, p<0.001), gastrointestinal symptoms (R=0.340, p<0.05), and total number (R=0.357, p<0.01) and duration of COVID-19 symptoms (R=0.469, p<0.001).ConclusionsHigher initial anti-S antibody titres were associated with larger number and longer duration of symptoms as well as a faster decay between the two time points.
Evaluating Montréal’s harm reduction interventions for people who inject drugs: protocol for observational study and cost-effectiveness analysis
Authors: Panagiotoglou Dimitra , Abrahamowicz Michal , Buckeridge David L , Caro J Jaime , Latimer Eric , Maheu-Giroux Mathieu , Strumpf Erin C 
Published: October 2021

IntroductionThe main harm reduction interventions for people who inject drugs (PWID) are supervised injection facilities, needle and syringe programmes and opioid agonist treatment. Current evidence supporting their implementation and operation underestimates their usefulness by excluding skin, soft tissue and vascular infections (SSTVIs) and anoxic/toxicity-related brain injury from cost-effectiveness analyses (CEA). Our goal is to conduct a comprehensive CEA of harm reduction interventions in a setting with a large, dispersed, heterogeneous population of PWID, and include prevention of SSTVIs and anoxic/toxicity-related brain injury as measures of benefit in addition to HIV, hepatitis C and overdose morbidity and mortalities averted.Methods and analysisThis protocol describes how we will develop an open, retrospective cohort of adult PWID living in Québec between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2020 using administrative health record data. By complementing this data with non-linkable paramedic dispatch records, regional monthly needle and syringe dispensation counts and repeated cross-sectional biobehavioural surveys, we will estimate the hazards of occurrence and the impact of Montréal’s harm reduction interventions on the incidence of drug-use-related injuries, infections and deaths. We will synthesise results from our empirical analyses with published evidence to simulate infections and injuries in a hypothetical population of PWID in Montréal under different intervention scenarios including current levels of use and scale-up, and assess the cost-effectiveness of each intervention from the public healthcare payer’s perspective.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by McGill University’s Institutional Review Board (Study Number: A08-E53-19B). We will work with community partners to disseminate results to the public and scientific community via scientific conferences, a publicly accessible report, op-ed articles and open access peer-reviewed journals.
Evaluation of the Spatiotemporal Epidemiological Modeler (STEM) during the recent COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Baldassi F. , D’Amico F. , Malizia A. , Gaudio P. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn early December 2019, some people in China were diagnosed with an unknown pneumonia in Wuhan, in the Hubei province. The responsible of the outbreak was identified in a novel human-infecting coronavirus which differs both from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and from Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. The new coronavirus, officially named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, has spread worldwide within few weeks. Only two vaccines have been approved by regulatory agencies and some others are under development. Moreover, effective treatments have not been yet identified or developed even if some potential molecules are under investigation. In a pandemic outbreak, when treatments are not available, the only method that contribute to reduce the virus spreading is the adoption of social distancing measures, like quarantine and isolation. With the intention of better managing emergencies like this, which are a great public health threat, it is important to dispose of predictive epidemiological tools that can help to understand both the virus spreading in terms of people infected, hospitalized, dead and recovered and the effectiveness of containment measures.