bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
When biographical disruption meets HIV exceptionalism: Reshaping illness identities in the shadow of criminalization
Authors: Orsini Michael , Kilty Jennifer M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDrawing on interviews with civil society actors in the AIDS Service Organization (ASO) sector in Canada, this article explores how these actors contribute to shaping the illness identities of people living with HIV/AIDS in the shadow of efforts to criminalize exposure to HIV. While the biographically disruptive qualities associated with an HIV diagnosis have been addressed in the medical sociology literature, we turn our attention to the key role played by ASOs as interlocutors in this process. Paying specific attention to the intersection of processes of medicalization and criminalization, we ask how they are re‐stigmatizing a condition that has shifted in the public consciousness from its earlier association with deviance and moral culpability. One important implication of our findings concerns the need to take greater account of how the illness identity and experience can be shaped by a ‘biography of telling’, of a renewed pressure to disclose intimate details of one's health status as a way to perform responsible practices of citizenship.
Evidence on clean energy consumption and business cycle: A global perspective
Authors: Yan Meng , Shi Kai 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper aims to investigate the heterogeneous patterns of clean energy consumption at business cycle frequencies from 1970 to 2017. Specifically, the paper provides a systematic analysis of this relationship in a comprehensive cross‐country panel by extracting the cyclical components of the clean energy consumption and gross domestic product (GDP) series based on the Hodrick–Prescott filter. Focusing on the cyclical components, we conclude the stylised facts as follows: (a) clean energy consumption is procyclical in advanced economies and developing economies, but acyclical in the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC); (b) clean energy consumption is cyclically more volatile than GDP in a typical country; (c) the correlation between cyclicality of clean energy consumption and GDP per capita is more intricate in different country groups; and (d) clean energy consumption is positively correlated with the oil price in advanced economies and developing economies, and negatively correlated in OPEC. These stylised facts are potentially important for establishing empirical and theoretical models to exploit the consequences and impacts of clean energy consumption.
Trichoderma harzianum cerato‐platanin enhances hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials
Authors: Pennacchio Anna , Pitocchi Rossana , Varese Giovanna Cristina , Giardina Paola , Piscitelli Alessandra 
Published: June 2021

SummaryConsidering its worldwide abundance, cellulose can be a suitable candidate to replace the fossil oil‐based materials, even if its potential is still untapped, due to some scientific and technical gaps. This work offers new possibilities demonstrating for the first time the ability of a cerato‐platanin, a small fungal protein, to valorize lignocellulosic Agri‐food Wastes. Indeed, cerato‐platanins can loosen cellulose rendering it more accessible to hydrolytic attack. The cerato‐platanin ThCP from a marine strain of Trichoderma harzianum, characterized as an efficient biosurfactant protein, has proven able to efficiently pre‐treat apple pomace, obtaining a sugar conversion yield of 65%. Moreover, when used in combination with a laccase enzyme, a notable increase in the sugar conversion yield was measured. Similar results were also obtained when other wastes, coffee silverskin and potato peel, were pre‐treated. With respect to the widespread laccase pre‐treatments, this new pre‐treatment approach minimizes process time, increasing energy efficiency.
Application of a computational model in simulating an endovascular clot retrieval service system within regional Australia
Authors: Ren Yifan , Phan Michael , Luong Phillip , Wu Jamin , Shell Daniel , Barras Christen D , Chryssidis Steve , Kok Hong Kuan , Burney Moe , Tahayori Baham , Maingard Julian , Jhamb Ashu , Thijs Vincent , Brooks Duncan Mark , Asadi Hamed 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe global demand for endovascular clot retrieval (ECR) has grown rapidly in recent years creating challenges to healthcare system planning and resource allocation. This study aims to apply our established computational model to predict and optimise the performance and resource allocation of ECR services within regional Australia, and applying data from the state of South Australia as a modelling exercise.MethodLocal geographic information obtained using the Google Maps application program interface and real‐world data was input into the discrete event simulation model we previously developed. The results were obtained after the simulation was run over 5 years. We modelled and compared a single‐centre and two‐centre ECR service delivery system.ResultsBased on the input data, this model was able to simulate the ECR delivery system in the state of South Australia from the moment when emergency services were notified of a potential stroke patient to potential delivery of ECR treatment. In the model, ECR delivery improved using a two‐centre system compared to a one‐centre system, as the percentage of stroke patients requiring ECR was increased. When 15% of patients required ECR, the proportion of ‘failure to receive ECR’ cases for a single‐centre system was 17.35%, compared to 3.71% for a two‐centre system.ConclusionsGeolocation and resource utilisation within the ECR delivery system are crucial in optimising service delivery and patient outcome. Under the model assumptions, as the number of stroke cases requiring ECR increased, a two‐centre ECR system resulted in increased timely ECR delivery, compared to a single‐centre system. This study demonstrated the flexibility and the potential application of our DES model in simulating the stroke service within any location worldwide.
Novel strategy to treat lung metastases: Hybrid therapy involving surgery and radiofrequency ablation
Authors: Hasegawa Takaaki , Kuroda Hiroaki , Sakakura Noriaki , Sato Yozo , Chatani Shohei , Murata Shinichi , Yamaura Hidekazu , Nakada Takeo , Oya Yuko , Inaba Yoshitaka 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis study was performed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of hybrid treatment involving surgical resection and percutaneous radiofrequency ablation for patients with multiple lung metastases.MethodsSeventeen patients (6 men, 11 women; median age, 52 years; range, 16–78 years) underwent hybrid treatment involving surgery and radiofrequency ablation to treat multiple lung metastases (median number, 4; range, 2–26) between May 2014 and February 2020. The primary lesions were colorectal carcinoma (n = 9), uterine endometrial carcinoma (n = 3), osteosarcoma (n = 2), renal cell carcinoma (n = 1), glottic carcinoma (n = 1), and fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 1). Twenty‐four sessions each of surgery and radiofrequency ablation were performed. Safety, disease‐free survival, and overall survival were evaluated. Safety was assessed according to the Clavien‐Dindo Classification.ResultsA grade IVa adverse event of empyema developed in one patient (4%, 1/24) after surgery. A grade IIIa adverse event of pneumothorax and a grade II adverse event of lung abscess occurred in four (17%, 4/24) and one session (4%, 1/24) after radiofrequency ablation, respectively. During the median follow up of 34 months (range, 8–67 months), 10 patients (59%, 10/17) developed new metastases. The 5‐year disease‐free survival rate was 32%. Four or fewer lung metastases (p = 0.008) and metastases from colorectal carcinoma (p = 0.02) were factors significantly associated with longer disease‐free survival. One patient (6%, 1/17) died of tumor progression 29 months after initial treatment. The 5‐year overall survival rate was 88%.ConclusionsThe strategy of hybrid treatment involving surgery and radiofrequency ablation may offer good outcomes for patients with multiple lung metastases.
Accuracy of the clinical indicators for Readiness for enhanced health management
Authors: Moreira Rafaella Pessoa , Ferreira Júlio César Vieira , Morais Huana Carolina Cândido , Felício Janiel Ferreira , de Oliveira Ferreira Glauciano , Rouberte Emília Soares Chaves , Rolim Isaura Leticia Tavares Palmeira , Cavalcante Tahissa Frota 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTPurposeto analyze accuracy measures of the clinical indicators of Readiness for enhanced health management in patients with arterial hypertension and/or diabetes mellitusMethodsprospective diagnostic accuracy study conducted with 359 patients with hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus, followed up in primary healthcare. Stratified random sampling was used to recruit participants. An assessment form was applied with sociodemographic data, health conditions, and information related to the clinical indicators under investigation. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and likelihood ratios were analyzedFindingsthe sample was composed of 359 participants. The prevalence of Readiness for enhanced health management was 93.8%. There was a statistically significant association between the diagnosis and age under 60 years (p < 0.001), having only one chronic condition (p < 0.001), having normal blood pressure (p = 0.017) and blood glucose (p = 0.013) values, and having a nonsedentary (p = 0.026) and nonalcoholic (p = 0.044) lifestyle. All clinical indicators had high predictive values in predicting the nursing diagnosis under investigation. The indicator expresses desire to enhance management of symptoms was the most sensitive (99.7%) and specific (100%). The indicator expresses desire to enhance management of prescribed regimens was also highly specific (100%)Conclusionall clinical indicators were accurate in predicting Readiness for enhanced health managementImplications for Nursing Practiceknowing which clinical indicators and sociodemographic/clinical characteristics best predict Readiness for enhanced health management, nurses in primary care can better plan nursing interventions and direct their goals.
Translationally controlled tumour protein: A protein necessary for potyvirus intracellular multiplication that supports plant infection by unrelated viruses
Authors: Bruckner Fernanda Prieto , Andrade Patrícia Oliveira , de Souza Cascardo Renan , Laliberté Jean‐François , Alfenas‐Zerbini Poliane 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe multifunctional protein translationally controlled tumour protein (TCTP) was previously identified as necessary for infection by the potyvirus pepper yellow mosaic virus. Using turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) as a model to study potyvirus biology, we confirmed that TCTP has a positive effect on virus infection. Living cell confocal microscopy demonstrated that TCTP colocalises with 6K2‐tagged replication vesicles and with a perinuclear globular structure typically observed during potyvirus infection. Also, TCTP silenced protoplasts showed reduced virus accumulation, quantified by qRT‐PCR, which suggests an effect on virus replication, translation or other intracellular process. Finally, TCTP silencing in plants reduced the accumulation of two species belonging to Orthotospovirus and a Begomovirus genus, which are not closely related to potyviruses. The results suggest that TCTP is a general susceptibility factor to several unrelated viruses.
Stable isotope analysis as a tool to detect illegal trade in critically endangered cockatoos
Authors: Andersson A. A. , Gibson L. , Baker D. M. , Cybulski J. D. , Wang S. , Leung B. , Chu L. M. , Dingle C. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLegal wildlife trade creates opportunities for the sale of illegally procured animals and their derivatives, since it is difficult to differentiate legal from laundered items. This problem is common across many wildlife trade areas – exotic pets, ornaments, seafood – and involves a variety of taxa. Here, we tested the ability of bulk and compound‐specific stable isotope analysis to help monitor and regulate trade of the yellow‐crested cockatoo Cacatua sulphurea, a critically endangered species threatened by overexploitation for the pet trade. Global trade in wild‐caught yellow‐crested cockatoos was banned in 2002; sale of captive‐bred individuals, however, is still permitted. Our surveys in Hong Kong markets revealed more yellow‐crested cockatoos for sale in 2017–2018 than the total number recorded as legally imported over the previous 13 years, emphasizing the need for a forensic tool to identify the source of the individuals for sale in the markets. Stable isotope analysis was successful at distinguishing between captive and wild cockatoos; we found significant differences between wild and captive cockatoos in both stable carbon (P < 0.001) and stable nitrogen (P < 0.001) isotope values. Linear discriminant analysis allocated samples to the correct group with high reliability (Accuracy = 0.91, Kappa = 0.81), although reliability was lower for some individuals with values on the edge of the distribution. In cases where the bulk isotope analysis was ambiguous, compound‐specific stable isotope analysis, which provides carbon isotope values in specific amino acids, can be applied. We found six amino acids that differed significantly between captive and wild samples, with valine (P = 0.009) being the most informative. Together, stable and compound‐specific isotope analysis represents an important potential forensic tool to help combat illegal trade of cockatoos and could be expanded to other species threatened by wildlife trade.
Alcohol intake and total mortality in 142 960 individuals from the MORGAM Project: a population‐based study
Authors: Di Castelnuovo Augusto , Costanzo Simona , Bonaccio Marialaura , McElduff Patrick , Linneberg Allan , Salomaa Veikko , Männistö Satu , Moitry Marie , Ferrières Jean , Dallongeville Jean , Thorand Barbara , Brenner Hermann , Ferrario Marco , Veronesi Giovanni , Pettenuzzo Emanuela , Tamosiunas Abdonas , Njølstad Inger , Drygas Wojciech , Nikitin Yuri , Söderberg Stefan , Kee Frank , Grassi Guido , Westermann Dirk , Schrage Benedikt , Dabboura Salim , Zeller Tanja , Kuulasmaa Kari , Blankenberg Stefan , Donati Maria Benedetta , de Gaetano Giovanni , Iacoviello Licia 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimTo test the association of alcohol consumption with total and cause‐specific mortality risk.DesignProspective observational multi‐centre population‐based study.SettingSixteen cohorts (15 from Europe) in the MOnica Risk, Genetics, Archiving and Monograph (MORGAM) Project.ParticipantsA total of 142 960 individuals (mean age 50 ± 13 years, 53.9% men).MeasurementsAverage alcohol intake by food frequency questionnaire, total and cause‐specific mortality.FindingsIn comparison with life‐time abstainers, consumption of alcohol less than 10 g/day was associated with an average 11% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 7–14%] reduction in the risk of total mortality, while intake > 20 g/day was associated with a 13% (95% CI = 7–20%) increase in the risk of total mortality. Comparable findings were observed for cardiovascular (CV) deaths. With regard to cancer, drinking up to 10 g/day was not associated with either mortality risk reduction or increase, while alcohol intake > 20 g/day was associated with a 22% (95% CI = 10–35%) increased risk of mortality. The association of alcohol with fatal outcomes was similar in men and women, differed somewhat between countries and was more apparent in individuals preferring wine, suggesting that benefits may not be due to ethanol but other ingredients. Mediation analysis showed that high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol explained 2.9 and 18.7% of the association between low alcohol intake and total as well as CV mortality, respectively.ConclusionsIn comparison with life‐time abstainers, consuming less than one drink per day (nadir at 5 g/day) was associated with a reduced risk of total, cardiovascular and other causes mortality, except cancer. Intake of more than two drinks per day was associated with an increased risk of total, cardiovascular and especially cancer mortality.
Mortality in substance‐induced psychosis: a register‐based national cohort study
Authors: Hjorthøj Carsten , Madsen Trine , Starzer Marie , Erlangsen Annette , Nordentoft Merete 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimsWe aimed to analyze whether people with substance‐induced psychosis (SIP), both those who convert and do not convert to schizophrenia, have higher all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality when compared to the general population.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingNationwide Danish registers.Participants/CasesWe included all people born in Denmark, living in Denmark on their 15th birthday, and age 15 or more during the study period from January 1, 1994, and August 10, 2017.MeasurementsExposure was categorized as: (i) neither SIP nor schizophrenia; (ii) SIP without preceding schizophrenia; (iii) SIP converted to schizophrenia; and (iv) schizophrenia without preceding SIP. Any SIP and substance‐specific SIPS were examined regarding all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality.FindingsThe study included a total of 5 619 691 individuals. Compared to people with neither schizophrenia nor SIP, people with SIP without preceding schizophrenia had an increased risk of dying (hazard ratio [HR] = 6.23, 95% CI = 5.96–6.50), as had those with SIP converting to schizophrenia (HR = 9.77, 95% CI = 8.84–10.79) and those with only schizophrenia (HR = 3.07, 95% CI = 3.03–3.13). A similar pattern, albeit with higher HRs, was observed for suicides and accidental deaths. Other cause‐specific‐mortality groups also generally showed the same pattern, as did types of individual substances.ConclusionsSubstance‐induced psychosis was strongly associated with an increased risk of both all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality, even among cases who did not convert to schizophrenia. This provides a strong rationale for monitoring people with previous diagnosis of substance‐induced psychosis and developing and implementing interventions to reduce this excess mortality.
War as a Redistributive Problem
Authors: Davis Jason Sanwalka 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWar is commonly conceived of as the result of a bargaining process between states. However, war also has redistributive consequences within a state: certain groups face disproportionate costs (e.g., likely conscripts), whereas other groups may accrue most of the benefits (military contractors, politicians, etc.). War should thus be viewed simultaneously as the result of a bargaining process between domestic groups. This article presents a two‐level game in which the relative importance of domestic groups to a government can impact the likelihood of going to war, but only under certain conditions. In particular, a necessary condition for domestic distributive politics to matter for war onset is the existence of redistributive frictions between domestic parties. This allows the model to produce a new explanation for why war may occur despite the fact that it is Pareto inefficient: inability to costlessly redistribute value between war's beneficiaries and the beneficiaries of any peaceful bargain.
A novel flavonoid derivative of icariside II improves erectile dysfunction in a rat model of cavernous nerve injury
Authors: Gu Sheng‐ji , Li Meng , Yuan Yi‐ming , Xin Zhong‐cheng , Guan Rui‐li 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundIcariside II (ICA II), an active flavonoid monomer, has been proven to restore post‐prostatectomy erectile dysfunction in rats; however, the high cost of extraction from natural plants limits the application of ICA II.ObjectiveTo investigate the therapeutic effect and possible mechanism of action of YS‐10, a new flavonoid compound, which was designed and synthesized based on the structure of ICA II in a rat model in of cavernous nerve injury.Materials/methodsEight of 32 adult male Sprague‐Dawley rats were selected as the normal control (NC) group and received vehicle treatment. The remaining rats were subjected to bilateral cavernous nerve injury (BCNI) and randomized into three groups: BCNI group, BCNI + ICA II group (2.5 mg/kg/day), and BCNI + YS‐10 group (2.5 mg/kg/day). The total procedure lasted for 21 days, followed by a washout period of 3 days. All animals were evaluated for erectile function, and tissues were harvested for histopathological analyses.ResultsIt was observed that in YS‐10 group, the ratio of intracavernous pressure (ICP) to mean arterial pressure (MAP) and the area under the ICP/MAP curve were effectively enhanced. The maximum ICP/MAP increased by 30% in the YS‐10 group (0.86 ± 0.085) compared with the BCNI group (0.66 ± 0.058), which is close to 82% of the NC group (1.05 ± 0.033). Histopathological changes demonstrated significant reduction of smooth muscle atrophy, collagen deposition, and endothelial and neural dysfunction after YS‐10 treatment, which have no statistical differences compared with ICA II group. Additionally, high‐protein expression levels of β‐Catenin and cyclin D1 were observed in the treatment groups.ConclusionYS‐10, a novel synthesized flavonoid compound, could effectively improve erectile dysfunction in rats after BCNI by alleviating pathological impairments; this effect may associate with the upregulation of β‐Catenin and cyclin D1 in Wnt signaling pathway.
Gender‐specific prevalence of pilonidal sinus disease over time: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Luedi Markus M. , Schober Patrick , Stauffer Verena K. , Diekmann Maja , Andereggen Lukas , Doll Dietrich 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundGender‐specific risk factors have been suggested to promote a fourfold higher incidence of pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) in male as compared to female patients. However, in recent decades there has been an apparent shift towards an increasing prevalence of PSD in women, as body weight and other risk factors influence the disease. We aimed at determining whether PSD prevalence actually changed in men and women over time.MethodsFollowing PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO ID: 42016051588), databases were systematically searched. Papers reporting on PSD published between 1833 and 2018 in English, French, German, Italian and Spanish containing precise numbers of male and female participants were selected for analysis. Gender‐specific prevalence of PSD over several decades was the main outcome measure.ResultsWe screened 679 studies reporting on 104 055 patients and found that the male/female ratio in patients with PSD has remained constant over time, with women being affected in about 20% of all PSD cases (I2 = 96.18%; meta‐regression p < 0.001).ConclusionWhile the prevalence of PSD has risen over the past decades, the ratio between affected males and affected females has remained constant, with women invariably representing about 20% of patients despite wide ranging socioeconomic and behavioural changes.