bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology Aspects of Brucella-DNA Detection Using Real-time PCR from Bovine Whole Blood Samples in Colombia
Authors: Ramírez Olga Lucia Herrán , Santos Huarrisson Azevedo , Paulino Patrícia Gonzaga , Meer Carolina Soares van der , Bautista José Luis Rodríguez , Delgado Ingrid Lorena Jaramillo , Obando Juliana Gonzales , Garcia Rene Ramirez , Angelo Isabele Da Costa 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Colombia to recover Brucella spp. DNA from bovine whole-blood samples through probe-based real-time PCR (Probe-qPCR) and by an SNP-based assay, differentiating vaccine strains from field strains. The associated factors for the presence of Brucella-DNA were reported and evaluated using logistical regression models. A total of 656 random cows from 40 herds were selected. Template DNA was obtained based on a modified salting-out protocol. The Probe- qPCR assay using bcsp31 gene amplification showed an efficiency of 92.35%, with a slope of -3.52 reached in the standard curve. The qPCR assay detected 9.5% (n = 62/656; 95% CI: 7.3,12.0) of the animals with Brucella-DNA presence, and 62.5% (n = 25/40; 95% CI: 45.8,77.3) of the herds with Brucella-DNA presence. Using the SNP-based assay, all positive samples were identified as field Brucella strains. In the final regression model at the animal-level, five variables were associated with Brucella-DNA presence: the use of bulls for mating, recorded history of reproductive problems, pregnant cows, parlor milking, and cows belonging to farms ≤ 200 m from the main road. At the herd-level, two variables were associated with Brucella-DNA presence: recorded history of reproductive problems and bulls' use for mating. Given the fluctuant brucellosis prevalence in endemic areas, updated epidemiological studies are necessary to evaluate the disease dynamic, and if established prevention and control measures have been effective or need to be adjusted. The increase in the prevalence of brucellosis in animal reservoirs creates an important risk of transmission in humans.
Evolution of Old World monkeys and great apes links to massive and directional shrinkage of the dinucleotide short tandem repeat compartment
Authors: Arabfard M , Salesi M , Arabipour I , Ohadi M 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: The evolutionary trend of short tandem repeats (STRs) at the crossroads of speciation remains largely elusive and attributed to random evolution for the most part. To explore this trend, we selected nine species, which shared sequential chronological ancestors, including rat, mouse, olive baboon, gelada, macaque, gorilla, chimpanzee, bonobo, and human, and collected three sets of data on the abundance of all classes of dinucleotide STRs (≥6-repeats) for three regions of every chromosome, each region spanning 10 Mb of DNA. Results: In all three datasets, we found directional shrinkage of the dinucleotide STR compartment as follows: rodents>Old World monkeys>great apes (P=0.000). The decremented gradient observed for the dinucleotide STRs was not detected for a number of other classes of STRs, such as mono and trinucleotide STRs. Conclusion: We report the first instance of massive and directional gradient of STRs, which may link with the evolution of Old World monkeys and great apes.
A Comparison of the Gut Microbiota Modulatory Effect of Pu-Erh and Dian Hong Black Tea
Authors: Tang Yong , Zhao Bo , Gong Chenhui , Xu Kunli , Zhu Hui , Wang Ning , Yang Zepeng , Wan Hailun , Wang Yuanhui 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study used Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing technology based on 16S rRNA V4 to explore and compare the regulatory effect of Dian Hong black tea and Pu-erh aqueous extract on the structure and diversity of the intestinal flora of mice. The results showed that the microbial communities from mice treated with water (W), Pu-erh (P), and Dian Hong black tea (R) clustered together and separated along the principal coordinate axis. In addition, the relative abundance of the two predominant microbial divisions (phylum level) of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in mice differed from those treated with water, Pu-erh, and Dian Hong black tea. The ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes was 2.37 in the W group and significantly increased in the P and R groups (2.63 and 3.99). According to the Venn diagrams, a total of 620 OTUs were obtained via OTU clustering, consisting of three groups. The LEfSe results indicated that 22 genera were differentially represented among the three groups, with 12 being more abundant in mice from the P group and six being more abundant in mice from the R group. In conclusion, both Dian Hong black tea and Pu-erh tea significantly regulated the intestinal flora of mice. However, no apparent differences were evident between the regulatory intestinal flora mechanisms of the two. It also suggested that there were indeed differences in the degree of oxidation and specific chemical compositions of active substances, such as polyphenols.
Research on Intelligent City Traffic Management System based on WEBGIS
Authors: Li You , Jin Hui , Hong Jie , He Chunmu , Wang Xianbing 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Aiming at the problem that the traditional urban traffic management system can't effectively integrate the data, which leads to the low efficiency of data processing and the effect of traffic management, a smart city traffic management system based on WEBGIS is designed. Based on the traditional system, the dynamic traffic data acquisition hardware module is designed. According to the weekly similarity characteristics of traffic flow data, the traffic flow in different time periods is predicted and the road signal is controlled. The WEBGIS technology is used to deal with the traffic accidents, and the effective management of the urban traffic is realized. Simulation results show that the designed management system can effectively reduce the congestion of urban trunk roads and improve the efficiency of traffic management.
Study on Electrochemical Effects Assisted Magnetic Abrasive Finishing for Finishing Stainless Steel SUS304
Authors: Sun Xu , Fu Yongjian , Lu Wei , Hang Wei 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In order to obtain a high accuracy with high machining efficiency for finishing hard alloy metal material, we proposed a hybrid finishing method which is electrochemical (ECM) effects assisted magnetic abrasive finishing (MAF). In this study, the electrochemical magnetic abrasive finishing (EMAF process) was divided into EMAF stage and MAF stage. The metal surface can be easily finished with the passive films formed in electrochemical reactions. Simultaneously, the passive films can be removed by frictional action between magnetic brush and workpiece surface. Thus, the essence of EMAF process is to form and remove the passive films on the workpiece surface. This study focused on investigating the finishing mechanism and finishing characteristics of EMAF process. Through a series of experimental investigations, it can be confirmed that the finishing efficiency is remarkably improved by EMAF process. The optimal experimental result of EMAF process showed that the surface roughness was reduced to less than 30 nm from the original surface roughness 178 nm at 4 min in EMAF stage, and the surface roughness was finally reduced to 20 nm at 10 min in MAF stage. Additionally, we also found the finishing ability of magnetic abrasive decreased after 4 min EMAF stage.
Efficacy and Safety of Biosimilar Infliximab in Bio-naïve Patients With Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Oike Tsubasa , Akizue Naoki , Ohta Yuki , Koseki Hirotaka , Saito Masaya , Nagashima Ariki , Ishikawa Tsubasa , Shiratori Wataru , Kaneko Tatsuya , Tokunaga Mamoru , Oura Hirotaka , Yokoyama Yuya , Imai Yushi , Kanayama Kengo , Taida Takashi , Okimoto Kenichiro , Saito Keiko , Ogasawara Sadahisa , Matsumura Tomoaki , Nakagawa Tomoo , Arai Makoto , Katsuno Tatsuro , Fukuda Yoshihiro , Kitsukawa Yoshio , Kato Jun , Kato Naoya 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

The infliximab biosimilar CT-P13 was the first biosimilar drug targeting tumor necrosis factor-α. However, its efficacy and safety in real-world clinical situations have remained insufficient. Therefore, we aimed to verify the efficacy and safety of CT-P13 in bio-naïve patients with Crohn’s disease. This retrospective multicenter study compared the remission rate at week 54 between patients with Crohn’s disease treated with originator infliximab or CT-P13. Endoscopic and laboratory findings were assessed in both groups. A total of 184 (156 originator and 28 CT-P13) patients were analyzed. Of these, 138 originator users and 19 biosimilar users completed 54-week administration. The clinical remission rates in patients taking originator infliximab of CT-P13 at week 54 were 92.5% and 100%, respectively. The endoscopic scores of each group significantly decreased from baseline at week 54 in both groups, and the mucosal healing rate at week 54 was 53% and 64%, respectively. Laboratory data significantly improved from baseline to week 14 and 54 in both groups. Adverse events were observed more frequently in the CT-P13 group ( 25% vs. 4.5%, p = 0.0015). The efficacy of CT-P13 were comparable with those of originator infliximab in bio-naïve patients with Crohn’s disease evaluated by clinical, endoscopic, and laboratory findings.
Learning from the pandemic, building international increased cooperation for the future
Authors: Lopes Henrique , Middleton John 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objective

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted a fragile preparation by countries and regions for epidemic events, exposing exacerbated nationalisms in pandemic mitigation and control actions. Both conditions decisively compromise the effectiveness and efficiency of pandemic control capacity. It is important to develop frameworks that help overcome frailties in response to epidemics.
Methods

Thematic literature review and discussions with multiple national and international entities. The discussions were not specific to the article, hence were not considered as formal information collection. Based on this information, an attempt was made to build a tool for responding to the identified problems.
Results
Proposal of the 2PF tool.
Conclusion

The proposed 2PF tool is aligned with the Sendai Framework and proposals from international bodies, such as HERA, among others. It aims to be a framework for operationalizing these agreements, at least in part of its dimensions. The general idea is that pandemic preparedness cannot fail or to all other disaster risks and similar recognized by the UN. The response to pandemics must be based essentially on international action and closer collaboration between countries and regions.
Optical Absorption Modeling of bilayer photoanode based on Cu@TiO2 Plasmonic Dye Sensitized Solar Cells towards Photovoltaic Applications
Authors: Rehman Zia Ur , Ali Shahid , Aslam Muhammad , Idrees Muhammad , Rehman Anees Ur , Iqbal Javed , Ullah Najeeb , Shah Said Karim , Batool Saima 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A periodic array of core–shell Cu@TiO2 nanoparticle for plasmonic dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) in the wavelength range between 350–750 nm was studied. The size of copper nanospheres was 70 nm while the length and diameter of the copper nanorods were 100 and 10 nm, respectively. The UV-Visible absorption spectrum showed that the photo-anode based copper added TiO2 has 29.3% absorption capability compared with copper-free TiO2. TiO2 with shell thickness of 5 nm coated copper exhibited the absorption efficiency of 71.9%, while short circuit current density of 17.52 mA cm− 2 for Ci@TiO2 photo-anode. This was attributed to a strong localized electric field around ultra-thin TiO2-coated copper nanospheres. The UV-Visible results of different geometries indicated that the spherical-shaped Cu@TiO2 nanoparticles induced the high absorption capability of 3.4% compared to rod-shaped Cu@TiO2 nanoparticles. The hybrid nanorods/nanospheres bilayer photo-anode showed the high optical UV-Visible absorption of 11.42% as compared with nanospheres/nanorods, ascribed to the large surface area for dye-loading excellent light scattering.
Controlling photonic spin Hall effect by a symmetric hyperbolic metamaterial waveguide
Authors: Gao Mingxiang , Zhang Wenqiong , Guo Bin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We investigate the photonic spin Hall effect (PSHE) in a symmetrical hyperbolic metamaterial (HMM) waveguide, which is constructed as an HMM/metal/HMM sandwich structure. We consider both type {\uppercase\expandafter{\romannumeral 1}} and type {\uppercase\expandafter{\romannumeral 2}} HMM in the study. We confirm that the structure of alternating sub-wavelength of plasma and dielectric or the structure of embedding plasma into a host dielectric matrix can display effective dielectric, effective metal, type {\uppercase\expandafter{\romannumeral 1}} and {\uppercase\expandafter{\romannumeral 2}} HMM under different wavelength ranges and different plasma fill fraction. This enable us to simultaneously realize type {\uppercase\expandafter{\romannumeral 1}} and type {\uppercase\expandafter{\romannumeral 2}} HMM. We show that the reflectivity ration $\vert r_{s}/r_{p} \vert$, directly related to transverse shifts generated by PSHE, greatly depends on the type and the thickness of HMM. Moreover, we find that the horizontal PSHE shifts are enhanced several times, especially in type {\uppercase\expandafter{\romannumeral 1}} structure; while the vertical PSHE shifts are significantly suppressed in both type {\uppercase\expandafter{\romannumeral 1}} and {\uppercase\expandafter{\romannumeral 2}} structure. By making the effect of metal type and thickness analysis, we further show that the impacts of these two factors on PSHE shifts are mainly subject to HMM thickness.
Syndromic deafness gene ATP6V1B2 controls degeneration of spiral ganglion neurons through modulating proton flux
Authors: Qiu Shiwei , Zhao Weihao , Gao Xue , Li Dapeng , Wang Weiqian , Gao Bo , Han Weiju , Yang Shiming , Dai Pu , Cao Peng , Yuan Yongyi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
ATP6V1B2 encodes the V1B2 subunit in V-ATPase, a proton pump responsible for the acidification of lysosomes. Mutations in this gene cause DDOD syndrome, DOORS syndrome, and Zimmermann-Laband syndrome, which share overlapping feature of congenital sensorineural deafness, onychodystrophy, and different extents of intellectual disability without or with epilepsy. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. To investigate the pathological role of mutant ATP6V1B2 in the auditory system, we evaluated auditory brainstem response, distortion product otoacoustic emissions, in a transgenic line of mice carrying c.1516 C > T (p.Arg506*) in Atp6v1b2, Atp6v1b2Arg506*/Arg506*. To explore the pathogenic mechanism of neurodegeneration in the auditory pathway, immunostaining, western blotting, and RNAscope analyses were performed in Atp6v1b2Arg506*/Arg506* mice. The Atp6v1b2Arg506*/Arg506* mice showed hidden hearing loss at early stages and developed late-onset hearing loss. We observed increased transcription of Atp6v1b1 in hair cells of Atp6v1b2Arg506*/Arg506* mice and inferred that Atp6v1b1 compensated for the Atp6v1b2 dysfunction by increasing its own transcription level. Genetic compensation in hair cells explains the milder hearing impairment in Atp6v1b2Arg506*/Arg506* mice. Apoptosis activated by lysosomal dysfunction and the subsequent blockade of autophagic flux induced the degeneration of spiral ganglion neurons and further impaired the hearing. Intraperitoneal administration of the apoptosis inhibitor, BIP-V5, improved both phenotypical and pathological outcomes in two live mutant mice. Based on the pathogenesis underlying hearing loss in ATP6V1B2-related syndromes, systemic drug administration to inhibit apoptosis might be an option for restoring the function of spiral ganglion neurons and promoting hearing, which provides a direction for future treatment.
Constructing phylogenetic relationship based on the independent selection law of genome sequences
Authors: Li Xiaolong , Li Hong , Yang Zhenhua , Zhang Zefeng 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Exploring the composition and evolution regularity of genome sequences and constructing phylogenetic relationship by alignment-free method in genome level are high-profile topics. Our previous researches discovered the CG and TA independent selection laws existed in genome sequences by analysis on the spectral features of 8-mer subsets of 920 eukaryote and prokaryote genomes. We found that the evolution state of genomes is determined by the intensity of the two independent selections and the degree of the mutual inhibition between them. Results: In this study, the two independent selection patterns of 22 primate and 28 insect genome sequences were analyzed further. The two complete 8-mer motif sets containing CG or TA dinucleotide and their feature of relative frequency are proposed. We found that the two 8-mer sets and their feature are related directly to sequence evolution of genomes. According to the relative frequency of two 8-mer sets, phylogenetic trees were constructed respectively for the given primate and insect genomes. Through analysis and comparison, we found that our phylogenetic trees are more consistent with the known conclusions. Conclusions: The two kinds of phylogenetic relationships constructed by CG 8-mer set and TA 8-mer set are similar in insect genomes, but the phylogenetic relationship constructed by CG 8-mer set reflect the evolution state of genomes in current age and phylogenetic relationship constructed by TA 8-mer set reflect the evolution state of genomes in a slight earlier period. We thought it is the result that the TA independent selection is repressed by the CG independent selection in the process of genome evolution. Our study provides a theoretical approach to construct more objective evolution relationships in genome level.
Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Analysis in Children with Migraine with and without Aura using Optical Coherence Tomography: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Rego-Lorca Daniela , Burgos-Blasco Barbara , Gines-Gallego Cristina , Carrasco-Lopez-Brea Mario , de Santos-Moreno Maria Teresa , Santos-Bueso Enrique 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Design and Analysis of 1.28 Terabit/s DWDM Transmission System for Free Space Optical Communication
Authors: Elsayed Ebrahim E. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the implementation of a dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) 32 × 40 Gbps (1.28 Tera bit/s) for the free-space optical (FSO) communication system is investigated. Analysis is performed for return-to-zero (RZ) and non-return-to-zero (NRZ) line codes for 1 km free space optic length. Motivation to the current analysis is to compare RZ and NRZ lines codes in the DWDM-FSO communication system and it is found that the NRZ line code is better than RZ code. A 1.28 Tb/ps wavelength division multiplexed communication system for free space optic channel workplace has been discovered in which 32 channel each of 40 Gbps data streams are combined using wavelength division multiplexed. The study includes the attenuation caused by atmospheric effect and beam divergence. Bit-error rate (BER), quality factor (Q), and eye diagram are indicator of performance evaluation. By comparing one can get a promising system to the high capacity access network with more bandwidth, cost effective and good flexibility.
Perception and Associated Factors for the Implementation of Telemedicine During COVID-19 Pandemic Among Health Professionals Working at the Government Health Facility in Resource Limiting Setting, Ethiopia, 2021: A Cross-section study.
Authors: Assaye Bayou Tilahun , Manaye Tewabe , Regasa Zegeye , Hayiley Gizaw , Biruk Kirubel , Mesert Maru , Alamneh Bekalu Endalew 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: The novel coronavirus(COVID-19) pandemic has been dramatically affecting healthcare organizations across the world. Accessing modern health care is still limited in developing countries due to different factors. Within physical distancing, telemedicine has become the preferred communication channel between health professions and patients. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess Perception and Associated factors for the implementation of telemedicine during the COVID-19 Pandemic among Health Professionals Working at Governmental health facility in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021.Methods: -Institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 845 study participants. A structured interview administrative questionnaire using ODK(open data kit) was used. A pre-test was done on 5% of the total sample size. The quality of data was assured by checking its completeness and consistency. Descriptive statistics Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression were fitted. Variables having P-value less than 0.25 during bi-variable logistics regression were entered into multivariable logistic regression. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence level (CL) were used to declare association between dependent and the outcome variable. Model fitness and multicollinearity was checked using by using Hosmer-Lemeshow AND Variable inflation factors(VIF) respectively.Result:- Over all 60.9% (95% CI: [57.5, 64.4]) of health professionals had a good perception towards telemedicine with response rate of 737( 87.2%). Health professionals who had IT supporting staff (AOR:7.13, 95% CI: 4.264-13.201), health professionals ’ being certified concerning with ICT (AOR:4.42, 95%CI: 2.69-7.524), frequency of using social media platforms (AOR=3.263, 95% CI: 1.621-6.561) were variables significantly associated with the perception of telemedicine among health professionals for control and prevention of COVID-19.Conclusion:- More than half of respondents had a good perception of telemedicine. being trained with ICT, accessibility of computers,s and Having IT support staff in their health facility were significantly associated with the level of telemedicine perception in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the Ministry of health recommended to encourage the health professions and the stakeholders to collaborate on promotion of safe and evidence-based use of telemedicine during the current COVID-19 pandemic and future outbreaks.