bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A bifunctional robust metal sulfide with highly selective capture of Pb2+ ions and luminescence sensing ability for heavy metals in aqueous media
Authors: Pournara Anastasia D. , Bika Christina-Georgia , Chen Xitong , Lazarides Theodore , Kaziannis Spyridon , Feng Pingyun , Manos Manolis J. 
Published: July 2021

A 3-D metal sulfide ion exchanger (MSIE) with extra-framework H+ ions showed a remarkable capability for sorption of Pb2+ ions and highly efficient luminescence sensing properties towards various heavy metal ions.
4D smart porous scaffolds based on the polyHIPE architecture and electroactive PEDOT
Authors: Ferrández-Montero A. , Carlier B. , Agniel R. , Leroy-Dudal J. , Vancaeyzeele C. , Plesse C. 
Published: July 2021

The 4D PolyHIPE/PEDOT electroactive scaffold shows high electroactivity and volume variation under electrical stimulation, with a variation of the porosity of 10.8 ± 0.2%. It paves the way to the development of smart and multifunctional 4D materials.
How Chatty Are Daddies? An Exploratory Study of Infants' Language Environments
Authors: Shapiro Naomi Tachikawa , Hippe Daniel S. , Ramírez Naja Ferjan 
Published: July 2021

PurposeFathers play a critical but underresearched role in their children's cognitive and linguistic development. Focusing on two-parent families with a mother and a father, the present longitudinal study explores the amount of paternal input infants hear during the first 2 years of life, how this input changes over time, and how it relates to child volubility. We devote special attention to parentese, a near-universal style of infant-directed speech, distinguished by its higher pitch, slower tempo, and exaggerated intonation.MethodWe examined the daylong recordings of the same 23 infants at ages 6, 10, 14, 18, and 24 months, given English-speaking families. The infants were recorded in the presence of their parents (mother–father dyads), who were predominantly White and ranged from mid to high socioeconomic status (SES). We analyzed the effects of parent gender and child age on adult word counts and parentese, as well as the effects of maternal and paternal word counts and parentese on child vocalizations.ResultsOn average, the infants were exposed to 46.8% fewer words and 51.9% less parentese from fathers than from mothers, even though paternal parentese grew at a 2.8-times faster rate as the infants aged. An asymmetry emerged where maternal word counts and paternal parentese predicted child vocalizations, but paternal word counts and maternal parentese did not.ConclusionsWhile infants may hear less input from their fathers than their mothers in predominantly White, mid-to-high SES, English-speaking households, paternal parentese still plays a unique role in their linguistic development. Future research on sources of variability in child language outcomes should thus control for parental differences since parents' language can differ substantially and differentially predict child language.
The output performance of high power quality three‐phase to single‐phase AC power generation system based on open‐winding PMSG for standalone power system
Authors: Wei Jiadan , Wang Yiwei , Guo Lei , Hu Chaoyan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA three‐phase to single‐phase direct AC power generation system based on the open‐winding permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) with the dual‐inverter is proposed in this study for the standalone power system. The negative DC terminals of the dual‐inverter are commonly connected, and the positive DC terminals are reconstructed as the output port of the single‐phase AC power; the three‐phase AC power generated by PMSG could be converted to be the high power quality single‐phase AC power directly without any LC filters. Different from the traditional OW‐PMSG system, zero‐sequence current is employed to achieve adjustable frequency and voltage of the single‐phase AC power, and the corresponding dual voltage‐loop control strategy with the separate positive‐sequence and zero‐sequence currents regulation of PMSG is given to achieve high output performance. The effectiveness of the proposed control strategy and the output characteristics have been verified by simulation and the experiment of the prototype, and the results show that the high‐quality single‐phase AC power can be obtained at a wide speed range and at different load operating conditions.
A night low‐illumination image enhancement model based on small probability area filtering and lossless mapping enhancement
Authors: He Lei , Long Wei , Liu Shouxin , Li Yanyan , Ding Wei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA novel night‐time image enhancement approach was proposed in this paper to address the problems of low contrast and poor details of low‐illumination images captured at night. To begin with, the luminance component V was extracted that was irrelevant to the colour information of the image upon converting the image to the HSV space from the RGB space. Then, by converting the luminance component V of the image into the probability space, the image was divided into a small‐probability grey‐scale area and a normal area based on the theory of probability. Moreover, pixels were transferred from the small probability area to the normal area of the image according to the nearest attribution principle that was established. Lastly, the contrast enhancement of the image was realized thanks to lossless mapping functions without losing the number of grey levels of the image. As can be observed from experimental results, the proposed method is superior to the most advanced algorithm in visual quality and quantitative measurement.
Maximizing power utilization of dual converter using predictive control with steady state cost
Authors: Votava Martin , Smidl Vaclav , Peroutka Zdenek , Glasberger Tomas 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCapability to deliver maximum power of a converter is essential for increasing power density that is limiting in many applications. Therefore, control algorithm should guarantee operation within converter thermal limits. This requirement can be formalized by a hard constraint in the cost function of model predictive control (MPC). However, the temperatures of the converter elements are not constant in the steady state, which complicates evaluation of the cost on long prediction horizon. Therefore, the evaluation is simplified utilizing the analysis of steady state behaviour of the model and derived current derating laws calculated in off‐line manner. The derating law is used as the terminal set in MPC which allows using one‐step‐ahead evaluation for efficient real‐time implementation. The steady state analysis also provides coefficients for power loss balancing. The proposed approach is applied to control of dual converter, which has high redundancy of switching elements and, thus, wide space for optimization. It is shown in simulation that the proposed approach has better performance than previously published algorithms, at lower computational cost. Experimental evaluation of the algorithm performed on a converter prototype of rated power of 10 kW shows that the proposed controller is able to safely operate the converter near the thermal limit.
Multiple Stokes I inversions for inferring magnetic fields in the spectral range around Cr I 5782 Å
Authors: Kuckein C. , Balthasar H. , Quintero Noda C. , Diercke A. , Trelles Arjona J. C. , Ruiz Cobo B. , Felipe T. , Denker C. , Verma M. , Kontogiannis I. , Sobotka M. 
Published: July 2021

Aims. In this work, we explore the spectral window containing Fraunhofer lines formed in the solar photosphere, around the magnetically sensitive Cr I lines at 5780.9, 5781.1, 5781.7, 5783.0, and 5783.8 Å, with Landé g-factors between 1.6 and 2.5. The goal is to simultaneously analyze 15 spectral lines, comprising Cr I, Cu I, Fe I, Mn I, and Si I lines, without the use of polarimetry, to infer the thermodynamic and magnetic properties in strongly magnetized plasmas using an inversion code.
Methods. Our study is based on a new setup at the Vacuum Tower Telescope (VTT, Tenerife), which includes fast spectroscopic scans in the wavelength range around the Cr I 5781.75 Å line. The oscillator strengths log(gf) of all spectral lines, as well as their response functions to temperature, magnetic field, and Doppler velocity, were determined using the Stokes Inversion based on Response functions (SIR) code. Snapshot 385 of the enhanced network simulation from the Bifrost code serves to synthesize all the lines, which are, in turn, inverted simultaneously with SIR to establish the best inversion strategy. We applied this strategy to VTT observations of a sunspot belonging to NOAA 12723 on 2018 September 30 and compared the results to full-disk vector field data obtained with the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI).
Results. The 15 simultaneously inverted intensity profiles (Stokes I) delivered accurate temperatures and Doppler velocities when compared with the simulations. The derived magnetic fields and inclinations achieve the best level of accuracy when the fields are oriented along the line-of-sight (LOS) and less accurate when the fields are transverse to the LOS. In general, the results appear similar to what is reported in the HMI vector-field data, although some discrepancies exist.
Conclusions. The analyzed spectral range has the potential to deliver thermal, dynamic, and magnetic information for strongly magnetized features on the Sun, such as pores and sunspots, even without the use of polarimetry. The highest sensitivity of the lines is found in the lower photosphere, on average, around log τ = −1. The multiple-line inversions provide smooth results across the whole field of view (FOV). The presented spectral range and inversion strategy will be used for future VTT observing campaigns.
The GUAPOS project
Authors: Colzi L. , Rivilla V. M. , Beltrán M. T. , Jiménez-Serra I. , Mininni C. , Melosso M. , Cesaroni R. , Fontani F. , Lorenzani A. , Sánchez-Monge A. , Viti S. , Schilke P. , Testi L. , Alonso E. R. , Kolesniková L. 
Published: July 2021

Context.Peptide-like bond molecules, which can take part in the formation of proteins in a primitive Earth environment, have been detected only towards a few hot cores and hot corinos up to now.Aims.We present a study of HNCO, HC(O)NH2, CH3NCO, CH3C(O)NH2, CH3NHCHO, CH3CH2NCO, NH2C(O)NH2, NH2C(O)CN, and HOCH2C(O)NH2towards the hot core G31.41+0.31. The aim of this work is to study these species together to allow a consistent study among them.Methods.We have used the spectrum obtained from the ALMA 3 mm spectral survey GUAPOS, with a spectral resolution of ~0.488 MHz (~1.3–1.7 km s−1) and an angular resolution of 1.′′2 × 1.′′2 (~4500 au), to derive column densities of all the molecular species presented in this work, together with 0.′′2 × 0.′′2 (~750 au) ALMA observations from another project to study the morphology of HNCO, HC(O)NH2, and CH3C(O)NH2.Results.We have detected HNCO, HC(O)NH2, CH3NCO, CH3C(O)NH2, and CH3NHCHO, but no CH3CH2NCO, NH2C(O)NH2, NH2C(O)CN, or HOCH2C(O)NH2. This is the first time that these molecules have been detected all together outside the Galactic centre. We have obtained molecular fractional abundances with respect to H2from 10−7down to a few 10−9and abundances with respect to CH3OH from 10−3to ~4 × 10−2, and their emission is found to be compact (~2′′, i.e. ~7500 au). From the comparison with other sources, we find that regions in an earlier stage of evolution, such as pre-stellar cores, show abundances at least two orders of magnitude lower than those in hot cores, hot corinos, or shocked regions. Moreover, molecular abundance ratios towards different sources are found to be consistent between them within ~1 order of magnitude, regardless of the physical properties (e.g. different masses and luminosities), or the source position throughout the Galaxy. Correlations have also been found between HNCO and HC(O)NH2as well as CH3NCO and HNCO abundances, and for the first time between CH3NCO and HC(O)NH2, CH3C(O)NH2and HNCO, and CH3C(O)NH2and HC(O)NH2abundances. These results suggest that all these species are formed on grain surfaces in early evolutionary stages of molecular clouds, and that they are subsequently released back to the gas phase through thermal desorption or shock-triggered desorption.
Highways to Hell? Paths Towards the Formal Financial Exclusion: Empirical Lessons of the Households from Northern Hungary
Authors: Gosztonyi Márton , Havran Dániel 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWhenever a household faces lack of banking payment services and access to funding, it often constraints their everyday activities and the chance to avail the financial services again. Our study explores the possible explanations of why a household becomes financially excluded in an underdeveloped area of Northern Hungary. By using a questionnaire (n = 502) in the spring of 2019, we conducted a covariance-based SEM analysis for detecting the key reasons. We find that the low level of income, high ratio of financial problems and high intensity of short-term borrowings equally and directly contribute to the financial exclusion of the households. Furthermore, we could not confirm any direct effects of the banking service availability, although bank services significantly influence an intermediary factor, which is the increasing repayment problem in the social environment. Our results verify the responsibility of the regulation in lending and debt collection to achieve a better social policy.
Opportunities and Challenges of Purpose-Led Companies: An Empirical Study Through Expert Interviews
Authors: von Ahsen Anette , Gauch Kevin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPurpose-Led Companies do not exclusively pursue profit-oriented goals, but also orient their actions towards a “higher” purpose. One example of this can be found in contributing to the achievement of social objectives. So far, only a few empirical studies analyze the opportunities and challenges associated with this approach. Accordingly, the present paper examines this approach by means of expert interviews in nine companies. The interview partners evidently believe that, by means of purpose-oriented management, their companies achieve both better financial performance and improved reputation, as well as increased employee motivation. Nevertheless, problems are also identified, in particular the possible trade-offs with profit targets, as well as conflicts due to contradictory stakeholder requirements.
Women’s abuse experiences in Jordan: A comparative study using rural and urban classifications
Authors: Alsawalqa Rula Odeh 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study explored the patterns of economic abuse among working married women from rural and urban areas in Jordan, and identified their experiences with other abuses interconnected with economic abuse, including psychological, emotional, and physical abuse and harassment. A quantitative research approach using a descriptive comparative design was employed. The findings indicated that 55.5% of urban and 44.5% of rural women have encountered spousal economic abuse in two ways: (1) controlling their economic resources and managing their financial decisions and (2) exploiting their economic resources. Economic abuse was found to be intertwined with other forms of abuse; women who faced economic abuse also endured primarily emotional and psychological abuse, followed by physical abuse and harassment, as tactics to reinforce economic abuse and maintain control over them. The most common form of psychological abuse was being made to feel frustrated and neglected when requesting emotional support, while emotional abuse was typified by resentment and being told they are inadequate. Physical abuse included partners shaking, slapping, or throwing objects at them. Both rural and urban women reported being harassed at their workplace by their partners’ repeated phone calls. In general, urban women faced more economic and other forms of abuse than rural women, especially emotional and physical abuse.
Electronic spectroscopy of Mg-phthalocyanine embedded in cold hydrogen clusters produced by a pulsed nozzle
Authors: Otani Hatsuki , Nakahara Hiroko , Goto Haruka , Kuma Susumu , Momose Takamasa 
Published: July 2021

Cold clusters of molecular hydrogen were created using a pulsed nozzle. The thermodynamical states of the clusters were characterized by measuring the cluster beam velocity and the laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectra of embedded molecules. Two distinct velocity components were identified in the beam that originates from different clustering mechanisms. The fast velocity component corresponds to the expansion of H2 from the gas phase, while the slow velocity component corresponds to the expansion from the liquid phase. The velocity distribution of these two components showed no significant difference between the expansions of para and normal hydrogen. In this study, LIF spectroscopy of single Mg-phthalocyanine molecules embedded in the H2 clusters consisting of 105 H2 molecules was used to investigate the properties of the fast component. The observed peak frequencies of the LIF signals, compared to those observed in helium droplets, were used to infer the possible presence of the liquid phase in the fast component of the H2 clusters below 5 K. The shift, linewidth, and splitting in the spectra, which strongly depend on the ortho/para ratio, are attributed to the local configurations of hydrogen in the vicinity of the probe molecules.
Asymmetry in scales enhances learning of new musical structures
Authors: Pelofi Claire , Farbood Morwaread M. 
Published: July 2021

SignificanceThis study examines a fundamental aspect of human cognition: how listeners learn musical systems. It provides evidence that certain types of symmetry featured in musical scales help listeners process melodic and tonal information more easily. We propose that this cognitive benefit is the reason for the prevalence of unevenly spaced notes in scales across musical cultures. From a broader perspective, this work provides a cognitive perspective on the trade-off between cross-cultural diversity and fundamental similarity in a universal human activity, music.
Dodecagonal quasicrystals of oil-swollen ionic surfactant micelles
Authors: Jayaraman Ashish , Baez-Cotto Carlos M. , Mann Tyler J. , Mahanthappa Mahesh K. 
Published: July 2021

Significance
Quasicrystals, which exhibit local rotational symmetries and infinite unit cells, are intermediate states of matter between glasses and periodic three-dimensional (3D) crystals. Despite their ubiquity in metal alloys, self-assembled micellar quasicrystals have only serendipitously emerged from intricate molecular building blocks or complex materials-processing protocols. We demonstrate that hydration of a simple oil and surfactant (“soap”) mixture stimulates dodecagonal quasicrystalline ordering of oil-swollen spherical micelles, while oil addition to surfactant/water mixtures instead yields only periodic 3D crystals. Aperiodic order thus emerges as a scale-invariant feature of materials spanning metal alloys to self-assembled soft particles. The straightforward and path-dependent preparation of nonequilibrium quasicrystalline states from simple building blocks suggests that these complex sphere packings may often lurk in plain sight.
Learning hidden elasticity with deep neural networks
Authors: Chen Chun-Teh , Gu Grace X. 
Published: July 2021

Significance
Elastography has been applied to medical imaging to detect cancerous tissues for decades. The conventional elastography based on the assumption of stress uniformity is prone to inaccuracies. Accurately reconstructing elasticity distributions of heterogeneous objects requires solving an inverse problem in elasticity, which is difficult due to its ill-posed nature. By implementing machine learning techniques, we have developed ElastNet, an elastography method for extracting the hidden elasticity of objects based on measured strain distributions. We show that by combining the theory of elasticity with a deep-learning approach, ElastNet can provide rapid and accurate predictions. We validate ElastNet by applying it to various elastography problems with complex elasticity distributions.
Microplastics destabilize lipid membranes by mechanical stretching
Authors: Fleury Jean-Baptiste , Baulin Vladimir A. 
Published: July 2021

Significance
The effects of plastic pollution on living organisms is a highly debated subject. There is no direct evidence of high toxicity of microplastic abundantly present in the environment. Nevertheless, microplastic particles can cross many biological barriers and come in direct contact with lipid membranes, which is the last cell protective barrier from the environment. This study demonstrates that microplastic beads ranging from 1 to 10 μm attach to lipid membranes. This attachment leads to significant stretching of the lipid bilayer without requiring any oxidative, or biological, e.g., inflammatory, reactions. This mechanical stretching can potentially lead to serious dysfunction of the cell machinery.
A large-scale study of stress, emotions, and blood pressure in daily life using a digital platform
Authors: Gordon Amie M. , Mendes Wendy Berry 
Published: July 2021

Significance
Exaggerated blood pressure (BP) reactivity is associated with the development of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Stress, and, to a lesser extent, emotions are suggested to be linked to BP reactivity, but this theorizing lacks robust evidence beyond small laboratory or field studies with narrow participant demographics. Using an app-based research study and analyzing more than 330,000 daily responses from over 20,000 people, we show that momentary stress, conceptualized as the perception of demands relative to resources, is associated with greater BP and heart rate reactivity. High-arousal negative emotions are associated with increased physiologic reactivity whereas low-arousal positive emotions are associated with decreased reactivity. These data point to daily stress experiences as likely candidates for improving physical health.
On the obligatory versus no control split in Korean
Authors: Lee Hyunjung , Berger Mike 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In Korean, Obligatory Control may, under certain
conditions, fail to obtain. We present non-canonical cases of
logophoric object control where (1) movement of the control clause,
and (2) an overt infinitival subject give rise to configurations
unexpectedly lacking the Obligatory Control signature; complements
to logophoric object control verbs thus exhibit an alternation
between Obligatory Control and No Control. In the No Control case,
however, the embedded subject remains subject to the restriction
that it cannot refer to the matrix author. We model the
Obligatory versus No Control split derivationally, and show that
control complementizers encode information sensitive to attitudinal
function.
The (null) subject of adjunct infinitives in spoken
Spanish
Authors: Herbeck Peter 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this paper, I present a corpus study of
adjunct infinitives in spoken Spanish, investigating null and overt
subjects with respect to their control properties. I provide
quantitative as well as qualitative data which show that (i) some
instances of (null) subjects in adjunct infinitives do not easily
fall into a division of predicative vs. logophoric control (Williams 1992), but that
topicality is a relevant factor as well (Landau 2013, 2019), and (ii) control in spoken Spanish
adjunct infinitives is a scalar phenomenon, being located at the
syntax-pragmatics interface.