bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing a method for creating structured representations of working of systems from natural language descriptions using the SAPPhIRE model of causality
Authors: Bhattacharya Kausik , Majumder Anubhab , Bhatt Apoorv Naresh , Keshwani Sonal , BSC Ranjan , Venkataraman Srinivasan , Chakrabarti Amaresh 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Due to their significant role in creative design ideation, databases of causal ontology-based models for biological and technical systems have been developed. However, creating structured database entries through system models using a causal ontology requires the time and effort of experts. Researchers have worked toward developing methods that can automatically generate representations of systems from documents using causal ontologies by leveraging machine learning (ML) techniques. However, these methods use limited, hand-annotated data for building the ML models and have manual touchpoints that are not documented. While opportunities exist to improve the accuracy of these ML models, more importantly, it is required to understand the complete process of generating structured representations using causal ontology. This research proposes a new method and a set of rules to extract information relevant to the constructs of the SAPPhIRE model of causality from descriptions of technical systems in natural language and report the performance of this process. This process aims to understand the information in the context of the entire description. The method starts by identifying the system interactions involving material, energy and information and then builds the causal description of each system interaction using the SAPPhIRE ontology. This method was developed iteratively, verifying the improvements through user trials in every cycle. The user trials of this new method and rules with specialists and novice users of the SAPPhIRE modeling showed that the method helps in accurately and consistently extracting the information relevant to the constructs of the SAPPhIRE model from a given natural language description.
Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of Mediterranean spotted fever suspects in a university hospital, Tunisia, 2000–2020
Authors: Lamloumi Meriam , Berriche Aida , Zayet Souheil , Mahdi Boutheina , Beji Imen , Abdelmalek Rim , Ammari Lamia , Kilani Badreddine 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF) is a rickettsial disease caused by Rickettsia conorii, transmitted by brown dog ticks, and endemic in the Mediterranean region. Its incidence is increasing, with varied presentations and potential complications because of delayed diagnosis. This study retrospectively included 173 adult patients hospitalized for MSF at La Rabta University Hospital, Tunis, from 2000 to 2020. Patients, predominantly male (67.6%) and averaging 40 years of age, mostly resided in urban areas (82.7%). Animal exposure was reported in 74.6%, and cases peaked during the hot season (68.8%), with no cases in winter months. The classic triad of fever, rash, and eschar was observed in 69.9%, with maculopapular lesions affecting palms and soles in 83.8%. Headache (64.5%), myalgia (60.7%), and arthralgia (57.2%) were also common. Laboratory findings included elevated white blood cell count (36.4%), thrombocytopenia (48%), and increased aspartate aminotransferase (50.9%). Treatment with doxycycline (n = 161) resolved fever within 2.8±1.3 [1–5] days. Complications, including encephalitis, chorioretinitis, anterior uveitis and vasculitis, occurred in 2.3% of cases, but all patients recovered without relapse. No significant risk factors for severe forms were identified. Improved awareness of MSF’s clinical features may be the key to an early diagnosis and successful treatment.
Status assessment and conservation priorities for a circumpolar raptor: the Snowy Owl Bubo scandiacus
Authors: McCabe R. A. , Aarvak T. , Aebischer A. , Bates K. , Bety J. , Bollache L. , Brinker D. , Driscoll C. , Elliot K. H. , Fitzgerald G. , Fuller M. , Gauthier G. , Gilg O. , Gousy-Leblanc M. , Holt D. , Jacobsen K. O. , Johnson D. , Kulikova O. , Lang J. , Lecomte N. , McClure C. , McDonald T. , Menyushina I. , Miller E. , Morozov V. V. , Øien I. J. , Robillard A. , Rolek B. , Sittler B. , Smith N. , Sokolov A. , Sokolova N. , Solheim R. , Soloviev M. , Stoffel M. , Weidensaul S. , Wiebe K. L. , Zazelenchuck D. , Therrien J. F. 
Published: December 2024

Summary
The global population and status of Snowy Owls Bubo scandiacus are particularly challenging to assess because individuals are irruptive and nomadic, and the breeding range is restricted to the remote circumpolar Arctic tundra. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) uplisted the Snowy Owl to “Vulnerable” in 2017 because the suggested population estimates appeared considerably lower than historical estimates, and it recommended actions to clarify the population size, structure, and trends. Here we present a broad review and status assessment, an effort led by the International Snowy Owl Working Group (ISOWG) and researchers from around the world, to estimate population trends and the current global status of the Snowy Owl. We use long-term breeding data, genetic studies, satellite-GPS tracking, and survival estimates to assess current population trends at several monitoring sites in the Arctic and we review the ecology and threats throughout the Snowy Owl range. An assessment of the available data suggests that current estimates of a worldwide population of 14,000–28,000 breeding adults are plausible. Our assessment of population trends at five long-term monitoring sites suggests that breeding populations of Snowy Owls in the Arctic have decreased by more than 30% over the past three generations and the species should continue to be categorised as Vulnerable under the IUCN Red List Criterion A2. We offer research recommendations to improve our understanding of Snowy Owl biology and future population assessments in a changing world.
Advantages of using a TorqVueTM LP catheter for patent arterial duct stenting in newborn with a duct-dependent pulmunary circulation: a case report
Authors: Prati Francesco , Castaldi Biagio , Sirico Domenico , Di Salvo Giovanni 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAlmost 20% of children with simple or complex types of CHD have a duct-dependent circulation The systemic-to-pulmonary shunt can be performed surgically, e.g., Blalock–Taussing shunt or with a patent duct arteriosus stenting.Using a TorqVueTM LP catheter (Abbott Medical, Plymouth, MN, USA) might be an innovative and helpful technique.The aim of this case report was to illustrate the advantages of using TorqVueTM LP for both the angiographic and the implant phase, to reduce manipulations and complications associated with the procedure.
Data Sovereignty and Development: How do Native Americans View Data Sharing by Tribal Governments?
Authors: Feir Donn , Wellhausen Rachel L. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe Indigenous data sovereignty movement has arisen out of the ambition of Indigenous peoples to benefit from data-informed policy while preventing extractive and harmful research practices by external governments or researchers. Tribes exercise the sovereign authority to choose whether and when to share data with researchers and institutions outside their communities. To provide insight into how Indigenous peoples feel about data sharing, we document meaningful variation in a unique, nationwide survey of Native Americans. We find that respondents support their tribes in sharing data for economic benefit and that those who vote in tribal elections are particularly supportive. As tribal leaders, Native communities, and external research partners address potentially harmful data gaps and build Indigenous data resources, our findings suggest the importance of carefully considering and communicating the purpose of data collection and sharing. Broad benefit to Indigenous peoples’ economic well-being is one factor that likely increases support for data sharing.
Probing the Sun’s Near Surface Shear Layer using HMI Spherical Harmonic Coefficients
Authors: Tripathy S. C. , Jain K. , Kholikov S. , Komm R. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe have measured zonal and meridional components of subsurface flows up to a depth of 30 Mm below the solar surface by applying the technique of ring diagram on Dopplergrams which are constructed from the spherical harmonic (SH) coefficients. The SH coefficients are obtained from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) full-disk Dopplergrams. We find a good agreement and some differences between the flows obtained in this study with those from the traditional methods using direct Dopplergrams.
Exploring Damping Properties of IRIS Bright Points using Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Tavabi E. , Sadeghi R. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study analyzed the Doppler shift in the solar spectrum using the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS). Two types of oscillations were investigated: long period damp and short period damp. The researchers observed periodic perturbations in the Doppler velocity oscillations of bright points (BPs) in the chromosphere and transition region (TR). Deep learning techniques were used to examine the statistical properties of damping in different solar regions. The results showed variations in damping rates, with higher damping in coronal hole areas. The study provided insights into the damping behavior of BPs and contributed to our understanding of energy dissipation processes in the solar chromosphere and TR.
Modeling of the solar flare chromosphere and sub-THz radiation with FLARIX and RADYN
Authors: Motorina Galina G. , Tsap Yuriy T. , Kašparová Jana , Smirnova Victoria V. , Morgachev Alexander S. , Bárta Miroslav 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe origin of the sub-terahertz (sub-THz) component of radio emission from solar flares, which is characterized by the increase flux with frequency in the 100-400 GHz range, is considered. On the basis of equations of 1D non-LTE radiation hydrodynamics we simulated the altitude distribution of the plasma density and temperature inside the flare loop caused by the interaction of non-stationary beam of accelerated electrons in the form of a triangular pulse with the chromospheric plasma. The FLARIX numerical code was used to calculate the dynamics of the flare plasma parameters at different heights which are compared with the RADYN numerical code. We found that the characteristic heights of the formation of sub-THz emission vary over a wide range with time for both codes. The main contribution to the sub-THz emission comes from the chromospheric and transition region plasma with temperatures of 104–105K.
Differential rotation of stars from spot transit mapping: dependence on rotation period and effective temperature
Authors: Araújo Alexandre , Valio Adriana 
Published: December 2024

AbstractJust like the Sun, other stars also exhibit differential rotation. Currently, the rotation profile of a star that hosts a transiting planet can be estimated if during a transits, the planet occults a spot on the photosphere of the star, causing slight variations in its light curve. By detecting the same spot during a later transit, the stellar rotation period at that latitude is determined. Here, we present the results of differential rotation for 48 stars, 13 from the spot transit mapping method, while the remaining 35 stars from other techniques. The results show that the differential rotation is correlated with the stellar mean rotation period for fast rotating stars and strongly anti-correlated for slow rotators. The transition occuring at rotation period of 5 days. On the other hand, the differential shear increases with effective temperature for fast rotating stars, but the correlation is lost for the slow rotators.
Exploring the Relation Between Magnetic Fields, Starspots, and CMEs
Authors: Menezes Fabian , Valio Adriana , Netto Yuri , Araújo Alexandre , Kay Christina , Opher Merav 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSolar-type stars, including the Sun, have magnetic fields that extend from their interiors to the surface and beyond, influencing both the stellar activity and interplanetary medium. Magnetic activity phenomena, such as coronal mass ejections (CMEs), significantly impacts space weather. These CMEs, composed of plasma clouds with magnetic fields ejected from the stellar corona, pose a potential threat to planets by affecting their magnetosphere and atmosphere. Despite advancements in detecting stellar CMEs, detection remains limited. We focus on understanding CME propagation by analyzing key parameters like position, velocities, and the configuration of stellar magnetic fields. Using spot transit mapping, we reconstruct magnetograms for Kepler-63 and Kepler-411, employing the ForeCAT model to simulate CME trajectories from these stars. Results indicate that CME deflections generally decrease with radial velocity and increase with ejection latitude. Additionally, stars with stronger magnetic fields, such as Kepler-63, tend to cause more significant CME deflections.
Temporal Variation of Solar Equatorial Rossby Modes with Azimuthal Orders 6 ≤ m ≤ 10
Authors: Lekshmi B. , Gizon Laurent , Jain Kiran , Liang Zhi–Chao , Philidet Jordan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe use nearly two decades of helioseismic data obtained from the GONG (2002–2020) and HMI (2010–2020) ring-diagram pipelines to examine the temporal variations of the properties of individual equatorial Rossby modes with azimuthal orders in the range 6 ≤ m ≤ 10. We find that the mode parameters obtained from GONG and HMI are consistent during the data overlapping period of 2010–2020. The power and the frequency of each mode exhibit significant temporal variations over the full observing period. Using the GONG data during solar cycles 23 and 24, we find that the mode power averaged over 6 ≤ m ≤ 10 shows a positive correlation with the sunspot number (0.42), while the averaged frequency shift is anti-correlated (–0.91). The anti-correlation between the average mode power and frequency shift is –0.44.
Intrauterine exposure to a high-fat diet, with different levels of lipids, and its gastrointestinal repercussions: a model of fetal programming in rats
Authors: Fortunato-Silva Jéssica , de Rezende Lívia Prometti , Ferreira-Neto Marcos Luiz , Bispo-da-Silva Luiz Borges , Balbi Ana Paula Coelho 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
It is known that adverse stimuli, such as altered diets during pregnancy and lactation, can result in deleterious effects on the progeny. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible gastrointestinal repercussions in the offspring of Wistar rats exposed to high-fat diets. Pregnant rats were divided into three groups: normolipidic diet (3.5% lipids), a diet containing 28% lipids, and a diet with 40% lipids. Body weight and food, water, daily caloric, and macronutrient intake were evaluated in the pregnant rats. Structural and functional gastrointestinal parameters were assessed in 30-day-old male pups. Depending on the lipid content of the maternal diet, the pups may exhibit gastric mucosal thickening, an increase in the relative weight of the small intestine, a reduction in the jejunal and ileal mucosa, and a decrease in the total thickness of the ileum. Additionally, there may be a reduction in the number of villi per area in these organs and a thinning of the muscular layer in the large intestine. The structural changes induced by the maternal high-fat diet seem to reduce the stomach’s sensitivity to ethanol-induced ulcers, which is the only functional alteration observed. Therefore, the offspring of dams exposed to high-fat diets during pregnancy and lactation exhibits impaired gastrointestinal development, with alterations depending on dietary fat content and specific gastrointestinal regions. Structural changes did not always result in functional abnormalities and, in some cases, appeared protective. The long-term consequences of the observed morphological alterations require further investigation.
The Mechanisms Underlying the Intergenerational Transmission of Substance Use and Misuse: An Integrated Research Approach
Authors: Luo Mannan , Trindade Pons Victória , Thomas Nathaniel S. , Drake John , Su Mei-Hsin , Vladimirov Vladimir , van Loo Hanna M. , Gillespie Nathan A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSubstance use and substance use disorders run in families. While it has long been recognized that the etiology of substance use behaviors and disorders involves a combination of genetic and environmental factors, two key questions remain largely unanswered: (1) the intergenerational transmission through which these genetic predispositions are passed from parents to children, and (2) the molecular mechanisms linking genetic variants to substance use behaviors and disorders. This article aims to provide a comprehensive conceptual framework and methodological approach for investigating the intergenerational transmission of substance use behaviors and disorders, by integrating genetic nurture analysis, gene expression imputation, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis. We also additionally describe two longitudinal cohorts — the Brisbane Longitudinal Twin Study in Australia and the Lifelines Cohort Study in the Netherlands. By applying the methodological framework to these two unique datasets, our future research will explore the complex interplay between genetic factors, gene expression, and environmental influences on substance use behaviors and disorders across different life stages and populations.
Machine Learning Classification Strategy to Improve Streamflow Estimates in Diverse River Basins in the Colorado River Basin
Authors: Maebius Sarah , Bennett K. E. , Schwenk J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractStreamflow in the Colorado River Basin (CRB) is significantly altered by human activities including land use/cover alterations, reservoir operation, irrigation, and water exports. Climate is also highly varied across the CRB which contains snowpack‐dominated watersheds and arid, precipitation‐dominated basins. Recently, machine learning methods have improved the generalizability and accuracy of streamflow models. Previous successes with LSTM modeling have primarily focused on unimpacted basins, and few studies have included human impacted systems in either regional or single‐basin modeling. We demonstrate that the diverse hydrological behavior of river basins in the CRB are too difficult to model with a single, regional model. We propose a method to delineate catchments into categories based on the level of predictability, hydrological characteristics, and the level of human influence. Lastly, we model streamflow in each category with climate and anthropogenic proxy data sets and use feature importance methods to assess whether model performance improves with additional relevant data. Overall, land use cover data at a low temporal resolution was not sufficient to capture the irregular patterns of reservoir releases, demonstrating the importance of having high‐resolution reservoir release data sets at a global scale. On the other hand, the classification approach reduced the complexity of the data and has the potential to improve streamflow forecasts in human‐altered regions.
Nonlinear Interactions of Planetary‐Scale Waves in Mesospheric Winds Observed at 52°N Latitude and Two Longitudes
Authors: He Maosheng , Forbes Jeffrey M. , Stober Gunter , Jacobi Christoph , Li Guozhu , Liu Libo , Xu Jiyao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNine‐years of mesospheric wind measurements, from two meteor radars at 52°N latitude, were analyzed to study planetary waves (PWs) and tides through estimating their zonal wavenumbers. The analysis reveals that multi‐day oscillations are predominantly driven by PW normal modes (NMs), which exhibit distinct seasonal variations and statistical association with Sudden Stratospheric Warming events. Specifically, a prominent 6‐day NM emerges in April, followed by dominant 4‐ and 2‐day NMs persisting until June, with subsequent peaks of 2‐, 4‐, and 6‐day NMs extending from July to October. Furthermore, this study presents the first observational verification of the frequencies and zonal wavenumbers of over 10 secondary waves, arising from nonlinear interactions among planetary‐scale waves. A notable finding is the prevalence of non‐migrating components in the winter 24‐hr and summer 8‐hr tides, phenomena attributed to the nonlinear interactions. Our findings highlight the complexity of atmospheric nonlinear dynamics in generating diverse planetary‐scale periodic oscillations.
Tropospheric Thermodynamic Conditions Necessary for Tropical Cyclone Rapid Intensification
Authors: Sentić Stipo , Stone Željka , Raymond David J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAs a part of the Tropical Cyclone Rapid Intensification (TCRI) project, we investigated thermodynamic conditions necessary for cyclone intensification. While high sea surface temperature and low tropospheric wind shear are well known environmental factors contributing to storm intensification, they are not sufficient to predict intensification and rapid intensification in particular. To explore thermodynamic factors contributing to intensification, we used dropsondes deployed in pre‐storm and storm environments interpolated on a regular grid via a 3D variational analysis. We find that in mesoscale convective areas an instability index, which measures the stability of the atmosphere to moist convection, and saturation fraction, which measures the moisture content of the atmosphere, show a narrow range of values favorable for intensification, and rapid intensification in particular.
The Impact of Solar Wind Magnetic Field Fluctuations on the Magnetospheric Energetics
Authors: Ala‐Lahti Matti , Pulkkinen Tuija I. , Brenner Austin , Keebler Timothy , Al Shidi Qusai , Hill Shannon , Welling Daniel 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSolar wind drives magnetospheric dynamics through coupling with the geospace system at the magnetopause. While upstream fluctuations correlate with geomagnetic activity, their impact on the magnetopause energy transfer is an open question. In this study, we examine three‐dimensional global magnetospheric simulations using the Geospace configuration of the Space Weather Modeling Framework. We examine the effects of solar wind fluctuations during a substorm event by running the model with four different driving conditions that vary in fluctuation frequency spectrum. We demonstrate that upstream fluctuations intensify the energy exchange at the magnetopause increasing both energy flux into and out of the system. The increased energy input is reflected in ground magnetic indices. Moreover, the fluctuations impact the magnetopause dynamics by regulating the energy exchange between the polar caps and lobes and energy transport within the magnetotail neutral sheet.