bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Texture Analysis of 18F-FDG PET/CT for Differential Diagnosis Spinal Metastases
Authors: Fan Xin , Zhang Han , Yin Yuzhen , Zhang Jiajia , Yang Mengdie , Qin Shanshan , Zhang Xiaoying , Yu Fei 
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To evaluate the value of texture analysis for the differential diagnosis of spinal metastases and to improve the diagnostic performance of 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) for spinal metastases.Methods: This retrospective analysis of patients who underwent PET/CT between December 2015 and January 2020 at Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital due to high FDG uptake lesions in the spine included 45 cases of spinal metastases and 44 cases of benign high FDG uptake lesions in the spine. The patients were randomly divided into a training group of 65 and a test group of 24. Seventy-two PET texture features were extracted from each lesion, and the Mann-Whitney U-test was used to screen the training set for texture parameters that differed between the two groups in the presence or absence of spinal metastases. Then, the diagnostic performance of the texture parameters was screened out by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Texture parameters with higher area under the curve (AUC) values than maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) were selected to construct classification models using logistic regression, support vector machines, and decision trees. The probability output of the model with high classification accuracy in the training set was used to compare the diagnostic performance of the classification model and SUVmax using the ROC curve. For all patients with spinal metastases, survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression.Results: There were 51 texture parameters that differed meaningfully between benign and malignant lesions, of which four had higher AUC than SUVmax. The texture parameters were input to build a classification model using logistic regression, support vector machine, and decision tree. The accuracy of classification was 87.5, 83.34, and 75%, respectively. The accuracy of the manual diagnosis was 84.27%. Single-factor survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier method showed that intensity was correlated with patient survival.Conclusion: Partial texture features showed higher diagnostic value for spinal metastases than SUVmax. The machine learning part of the model combined with the texture parameters was more accurate than manual diagnosis. Therefore, texture analysis may be useful to assist in the diagnosis of spinal metastases.
The Effects of Gum Acacia on the Composition of the Gut Microbiome and Plasma Levels of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in a Rat Model of Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Al-Asmakh Maha , Sohail Muhammad Umar , Al-Jamal Ola , Shoair Banan Mosaad , Al-Baniali Asmaa Yousef , Bouabidi Salma , Nasr Shahd , Bawadi Hiba 
Published: January 2021

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) may be fatal for its victims and is an important long-term public health problem. The complicated medical procedures and diet restrictions to which patients with CKD are subjected alter the gut microbiome in an adverse manner, favoring over-accumulation of proteolytic bacteria that produce ammonia and other toxic substances. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of GA on 1) the composition of the gut microbiome and 2) on plasma levels of short-chain fatty acids. Male Wister rats were divided into four groups (six each) and treated for 4 weeks based on the following: control, dietary adenine (0.75%, w/w) to induce CKD, GA in the drinking water (15%, w/v), and both adenine and GA. At the end of the treatment period, plasma, urine, and fecal samples were collected for determination of several biochemical indicators of renal function and plasma levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as well as characterization of the gut microbiome. Dietary adenine induced the typical signs of CKD, i.e., loss of body weight and impairment of renal function, while GA alleviated these effects. The intestine of the rats with CKD contained an elevated abundance of pathogenic Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia but lowered proportions of Lactobacillaceae belonging to the Firmicutes phylum. Plasma levels of propionate and butyrate were lowered by dietary adenine and restored by GA. A negative association (Spearman’s p-value ≤ 0.01, r ≤ 0.5) was observed between Firmicutes and plasma creatinine, urea, urine N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and albumin. Phylum Proteobacteria on the other hand was positively associated with these markers while Phylum Bacteroidetes was positively associated with plasma SCFAs. In conclusion, the adverse changes in the composition of the gut microbiome, plasma levels of SCFAs, and biochemical indicators of renal function observed in the rats with CKD induced by dietary adenine were mitigated by GA. These findings are indicative of a link between uremia and the composition of the microbiome in connection with this disease. Dietary administration of GA to patients with CKD may improve their renal function via modulating the composition of their microbiome—a finding that certainly warrants further investigation.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on University Students' Physical Activity Levels: An Early Systematic Review
Authors: López-Valenciano Alejandro , Suárez-Iglesias David , Sanchez-Lastra Miguel A. , Ayán Carlos 
Published: January 2021

Purpose: This systematic review aimed to analyze the impact that the COVID-19 lockdown had on the amount of physical activity performed by university students.Materials and Methods: A systematic electronic search for studies providing information regarding physical activity levels pre and during COVID-19 pandemic in university students was performed up to 20th October 2020 in the databases Cochrane Library, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science. The risk of bias of external validity quality of included studies was assessed by means of those the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The quality of the evidence for main outcomes was graded using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.Results and Conclusions: A total of 10 studies were selected. Physical activity levels were assessed by means of questionnaires (10 studies) and accelerometer (1 study). Risk of bias was regarded as low and high in six and four investigations, respectively. The quality of evidence was downgraded to low. A significant reduction of physical activity levels were observed in 9 studies. Compared to pre-lockdown values, five studies showed a reduction of light/mild physical activity (walking) between 32.5 and 365.5%, while seven studies revealed a reduction of high/vigorous physical activity between 2.9 and 52.8%. Walking, moderate, vigorous, and total physical activity levels have been reduced during the COVID-19 pandemic confinements in university students of different countries. Despite of the reductions, those who met the current minimum PA recommendations before the lockdown generally met the recommendations also during the confinements.
Design of an IoT Smart Meteorological Station Complete with Data Acquisition and Realizing Test Measurements in Cyber-Physical Robotics Lab
Authors: Faragó István , Erdei Timotei István , Zolnai Sándor , Husi Géza 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The presented project was completed using modern, widely used IoT based devices. These include the ESP-01 microcontroller, which is programmable using the Arduino IDE (with its integrated ESP8266 interpreter), and a Raspberry Pi Zero W single board computer, which requires a Raspbian Linux distribution. In this project, an original meteorological station was created (complete with data acquisition), employing various sensors.
Investigation of Household Laundry Water as an Alternative Water Source
Authors: Kelemen Orsolya , Szabolcsik Andrea Izbékiné , Bodnár Ildikó 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The goal of our research is to study the potential treatment options for the relatively contaminated greywater fraction from washing, in order to use this fraction as an alternative water source. During the research to compare the purification efficiency of different greywater treatment solutions we have created a constant composition synthetic laundry greywater, based on tap water, which represents the real laundry water in the terms of quality. As greywater treatment solutions, in terms of physical pre-treatment procedure we used a sand filtering method, and in terms of chemical processes we used coagulation and oxidation. Based on treatment efficiencies, we can say that the treatment procedures can achieve significant quality improvements, but none of the methods can achieve the required cleaning efficiency by itself. In order to reach the optimum quality parameters, the use of combined methods is required.
Development in Manufacturing of Belted Air Spring
Authors: Kiss Gábor József , Szigeti Ferenc , Gergely Dezső 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Nowadays, due to increasing environmental regulations, public transport is developing rapidly. Therefore, the companies who manufacture railway fittings have to keep up. As a result, factories need to develop and expand their capacity by modernizing existing machines and installing new machines. The author is involved in this capacity expansion, at ContiTech Hungary Ltd, where production of the rail belted air spring had to be increased. In order to do this, improvements were made to the structure drum to build the carcass, for which two suggestions were made regarding the fold back unit. Other goals are the improvement of the air spring and the development of ergonomics.
The Catalog for Our Future Home
Authors: Molnár Eszter , Borsos Ágnes 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Today’s continuously growing society has a strong influence on efficiency within the construction industry. The need to build new homes in a shorter period of time increases. Finding the solution to this problem is a key element in today’s world. In connection with this there was a defining initiation in the 1900s with the development of „type design”, which even today has a significant role in architecture. These „type design” buildings used parts which were prefabricated, making certain phases of construction quicker. At the end of the XX. century the appearance of these plans seemed to be insufficient for the expected result. In the XXI. century there is an attempt to create another plan sample catalogue which can reflect building to productivity and try to minimalize the time for home development.
Criteria for an Effective Environmental Education
Authors: Novák János 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Environmental awareness could also be called environment management, since it is necessary to organize, or rather manage any activities performed in order to protect the environment. A person who cares about their environment in their own household performs organizational tasks that are far more complex than people living in households who don’t care, or care less about their environment. Consider how much extra energy it takes to selectively collect plastic PET bottles, or to properly dispose of used batteries, compared to those who just dispose of these together with municipal waste, out of negligence or laziness. Many think that the activities of the average person don’t matter since there are so many of us on Earth that a single person’s efforts won’t change anything. Man, as a living being, is not capable of making decisions that would solve problems emerging in the next 20, 30 or 40 years; we usually start dealing with issues that we think will matter within the next 2–3 years: but we have admit that 2–3 years are not enough to solve global environmental protection and climate change problems. This way of thinking can easily lead to the decline of humanity in the future.
Adhesion Behavior of PVD-coated Cutting Tools
Authors: Fábián Enikő Réka , Horváth Richard 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Cutting with TiAlN or CrAlN tip PVD-coated tungsten carbide-based inserts manufactured by powder metallurgy, we found no significant difference in the wear behavior of inserts regardless of whether the insert was used in wet or dry conditions. We determined the adhesion properties of the coating layers with a scratch test and by Daimler–Benz test. On the tungsten-based carbide cutting tool, the thinner TiAlN coating showed slightly better adhesion than the thicker CrAlN coating.
Development Options for Coronary Stent Coatings
Authors: Izsó Izabella , Asztalos Lilla 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In our research we investigated the effect of different surface qualities on the adhesion of polylactic acid coating on 316L steel. During the study, samples were electropolished and surface treated with aqua regia and Vilella reagent, and the coating was applied by dipping technology using a Yaskawa robot arm. Tribology tests were carried out to determine the adhesion, in addition to the force and friction conditions, the coating damage resulting from the measurements was also recorded. In addition to the coating adhesion assay, contact angle measurements were also performed. Based on our measurement results, it was found that compared to the three different surface treatment methods, the surface of the samples treated with Villella was more adherent to the polymer than to the conventional electropolished surface. In this case, the frictional force was also much lower than that of the polished specimens, therefore this surface treatment method may be suitable for improving the adhesion of the coating.
DEVELOPMENT OF A PROCEDURE FOR DESIGNING DIGITAL AUTOMATES WITH MEMORY ON FPGA
Authors: Пирогов А.А. , Пирогова Ю.А. , Гвозденко С.А. , Шардаков Д.В. , Сёмка Э.В. 
Published: January 2021

Программируемые логические интегральные схемы (ПЛИС) - это настраиваемые интегральные схемы, логика которых определяется программированием. ПЛИС производятся полностью в готовом виде, т.е. относятся к стандартной продукции, что сопровождается известными преимуществами - массовым производством и снижением затрат. Благодаря регулярной структуре ПЛИС реализованы с уровнем интеграции, близким к максимально эффективному. Использование ПЛИС позволяет получить устройства, которые могут менять конфигурацию, подстраиваясь под конкретную задачу, благодаря своей гибко изменяемой, программируемой структуре. При разработке сложных устройств в качестве компонентов для проектирования могут использоваться готовые блоки: IP-ядра или сложно-функциональные блоки (СФ-блоки). Применение программных СФ-блоков позволяет максимально эффективно использовать их в итоговом проекте, таким образом во многом снижаются затраты на проектирование. Цель работы - изучение методики описания триггеров на языке VHDL, применения встроенного схемного редактора Active HDL для формирования структур различных цифровых автоматов и верификации моделей на логическом уровне. В данном исследовании рассмотрены схемы генераторов псевдослучайных последовательностей, которые находят применение в задачах криптографии, где свойства программируемой структуры ПЛИС достаточно актуальны
Programmable logic integrated circuits (FPGAs) are custom integrated circuits whose logic is defined by programming. FPGAs are manufactured completely off-the-shelf, i.e. belong to standard products, which is accompanied by well-known advantages - mass production and cost reduction. Due to the regular structure, FPGAs are implemented with a level of integration close to the most efficient one. The use of FPGAs makes it possible to obtain devices that can change configuration, adjusting to a specific task, thanks to their flexible, programmable structure. When developing complex devices, ready-made blocks - IP-cores or complex-functional blocks (SF blocks) - can be used as components for design. The use of software SF blocks allows you to use them as efficiently as possible in the final project, largely reducing design costs. The purpose of the work is to study the technique of describing triggers in the VHDL language, using the built-in Active HDL schematic editor to form the structures of various digital automata and verifying models at the logical level. In this study, we considered schemes of pseudo-random sequence generators, which are used in cryptography problems, where the properties of the programmable FPGA structure are quite relevant
THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE ON SHARE RETURN WITH COMPANY SIZE AS MODERATED VARIABLES
Authors: Anna Christin Silaban  
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study are as follows: 1) To examine the effect of ROA on Stock Returns; 2) To assess the effect of CR on Stock Returns; 3) To assess the effect of DER on Stock Returns; 4) To examine the effect of PER on Stock Returns; 5) To assess the effect of PBV on Stock Returns; and 6) To assess the extent to which Company Size can moderate the relationship between ROA, CR, DER, PER, PBV and Stock Return. This type of research used in this study is a casual associative research (causal associative research). The population in this study are property, real estate, and building construction companies that are included in the Kompas 100 index which are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2013-2018. Sample selection with purposive sampling method. The analytical method used to test the hypothesis is multiple regression analysis with the absolute difference test. The results showed that: 1) ROA has a positive effect on stock returns; 2) CR does not have a significant positive effect on stock returns; 3) DER has a positive effect on stock returns; 4) PER has a positive effect on stock returns; 5) PBV has no effect on stock returns; and 6) Company size is not able to moderate the relationship between ROA, CR, DER, PER, PBV with stock returns.

KEYWORDS:	Return On Assets, Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Price Earning Ratio, Price to Book Value, Company Size, Stock Return
SOSIALISASI PERAN ORANG TUA DI MASA PANDEMIK COVID 19 DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DARING BAGI ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DASAR DESA CIKALONGSARI KARAWANG
Authors: Yayan Alpian  
Published: January 2021

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran apa saja yang orang tua berikan selama mendampingi anak dalam kegiatan belajar di rumah pada anak usia Sekolah Dasar di masa pandemi Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pegabdian kepada masyarakat ini melalui kegiatan yang dikemas secara workshop tentang peran orang tua di masa pandemic Covid-19 dalam pembelajaran daring bagi anak usia sekolah dasar, sedangakan yang menjadi khalayak sasarannya adalah para orang tua di Desa Cikalongsari Kecamatan Jatisari Kabupaten Karawang. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini memberikan pengetahuan dan pemahaman bagi orang tua dalam membantu, membimbing anak belajar secara daring di rumah dan memahami bagaimana pentingnya pengawasan bagi anak dalam proses pendidikan, sekaligus dapat merasakan bagitu berat tugas seorang guru dalam mendidik anak di sekolah.
Kata Kunci: peran orang tua, masa pandemi covid-19
Сезонна динаміка вмісту антоціанів у деревних плодових ліанах
Authors: Levon V. F. , Skrypchenko N. V. , Horbenko N. Ye. 
Published: January 2021

Наведено дані про вміст антоціанів у пагонах, листках та плодах витких дводомних ліан, зокрема видів і сортів роду Actinidia Lindl. та виду Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. Висловлено припущення, що антоціани є біохімічним маркером пристосування досліджуваних видів і сортів витких дводомних ліан до стрес-факторів абіотичної природи. Встановлено, що кількість антоціанів у вегетативних органах рослин змінюється в онтогенезі та залежить від різних чинників навколишнього середовища. Відзначено два піки з максимальним вмістом антоціанів в пагонах ліан, що припадають на період спокою рослин з мінімальною температурою та на посушливий період з високою температурою повітря. У період спокою всі досліджувані рослини реагували на значне зниження температури підвищенням вмісту антоціанів у корі пагонів. Порівняння вмісту антоціанів у пагонах різних видів та різної статі в період спокою показали, що менш зимостійкі види актинідії вирізнялись вищим вмістом антоціанів. Це, зокрема, всі чоловічі рослини Actinidia kolomikta (Rupr. & Maxim.) Maxim., A. arguta (Siebold & Zucc.) Planch. ex Miq. та A. arguta var. purpurea (Rehder) C. F. Liang ex Q. Q. Chang. Вони, за нашими дослідженнями, менш стійкі порівняно з функціонально жіночими. У період літньої посухи виявлено збільшення кількості антоціанових пігментів у листках усіх дослідних об'єктів, що дає змогу розглядати їх посилений синтез як неспецифічну реакцію рослин у відповідь на несприятливі умови середовища. У період завершення вегетації у листкових пластинках кількість антоціанів була вища порівняно з черешками (на 25-78 %). Найбільшу різницю за вмістом антоціанів у листках та черешках відзначено для рослин A. kolomiktа, які вирізняються найкоротшим періодом вегетації, на відміну від інших видів актинідії. На початку достигання плодів вміст антоціанів у листках актинідії був значно вищий, ніж у плодах. До того ж листки червоноплодих сортів вирізнялись вищим вмістом антоціанів порівняно зі зеленоплодими. Тому можна припустити, що вміст антоціанів у листках актинідії на ранніх етапах розвитку рослин може слугувати індикатором кольору їх плодів, що дуже важливо для селекційної роботи, одним з напрямків якої є відбір червоноплодих форм.
Типологічна структура й таксаційні показники робінієвих деревостанів у захисних лісах лісогосподарської області Байрачного степу України
Authors: Muradyan L. V. , Sytnyk S. A. 
Published: January 2021

Проаналізовано особливості робінієвих деревостанів у лісах захисної функціональної категорії у лісогосподарській області Байрачного степу України. Наведено типологічну структуру деревостанів за участю робінії несправжньоакації (Robinia pseudoacacia L.). Досліджено розподіл площі робінієвих деревостанів за типами лісорослинних умов та типів лісу, групами віку, класами бонітету та відносними повнотами. За походженням робінієві деревостани захисних лісів лісогосподарської області Байрачного Степу України – штучні, створені лісовими культурами. Робінієві деревостани у досліджуваних захисних лісах високоповнотні. Найбільша частка площі (68,3 %) деревостанів приурочена до відносної повноти 0,8. Вікова структура робінієвих деревостанів лісогосподарської області Байрачного степу України є незбалансованою, із значним переважанням перестиглих деревостанів – 74,9 %. Середній вік досліджуваних робінієвих деревостанів – 43 роки. Найбільший середній запас стовбурової деревини (199 м3·га-1) характерний для перестиглих робінієвих деревостанів віком 51-55 років (XI клас віку). Встановлено, що найбільша частка робінієвих лісостанів Байрачного степу зосереджена у сугрудах – 67,6 %. Частка грудових типів лісорослинних умов становить 20,5 % від площі. За ступенем зволоження ґрунтів робінія несправжньоакація, на теренах Байрачного степу, віддає перевагу сухим гігротопам, де зосереджено 92,1 % площі робінієвих деревостанів. Встановлено, що у досліджуваному регіоні робінія несправжньоакація формує деревостани у двадцяти типах лісу, найпоширенішим з яких є галогенний варіант сухого сугруду. Найбільша площа робінієвих деревостанів у захисних лісах зайнята робінієвими деревостанами, які зростають за І класом бонітету (49,9 %). Середній клас бонітету становить ІІ,5.