bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The circum-nuclear environment and jets of active galaxies at z ∼ 0: Recent results from a multi-frequency investigation
Authors: Shastri Prajval 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe report results from a multi-frequency investigation of very nearby accreting supermassive black holes. We seek to test the hypothesis that imprints of AGN feedback are present at z ˜ 0. Our sample contains about 130 AGN which were chosen to have redshifts less than 0.02, so our optical imaging typically has several spatial resolution elements across the host galaxy. In addition to optical IFU measurements for all the 130 objects, we have GMRT and archival VLA imaging for subsets of the sample, and also ATCA, ASTROSAT and Chandra observations for select objects. We present our most recent results based on the multi-frequency data, for the systematics of the sample as a whole and on individual objects, that includes a binary black hole precursor.
An accreting < 105M⊙ black hole at the center of dwarf galaxy IC750
Authors: Zaw Ingyin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractNuclear black holes in dwarf galaxies are important for understanding the low end of the supermassive black hole mass distribution and the black hole-host galaxy scaling relations. IC 750 is a rare system which hosts an AGN, found in ˜0.5% of dwarf galaxies, with circumnuclear 22 GHz water maser emission, found in ˜3–5% of Type 2 AGNs. Water masers, the only known tracer of warm, dense gas in the center parsec of AGNs resolvable in position and velocity, provide the most precise and accurate mass measurements of SMBHs outside the local group. We have mapped the maser emission in IC 750 and find that it traces a nearly edge-on warped disk, 0.2 pc in diameter. The central black hole has an upper limit mass of ˜1 × 105 M⊙ and a best fit mass of ˜8 × 104 M⊙, one to two orders of magnitude below what is expected from black hole-galaxy scaling relations. This has implications for models of black hole seed formation in the early universe, the growth of black holes, and their co-evolution with their host galaxies.
Testing stellar evolution models
Authors: Negu Seblu H. , Tessema Solomon Belay 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this study, we have investigated the stellar evolution models using the open-source software instrument Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics. We examine the evolution of angular momentum and the stability of mass transfer in the evolution of Algol-type binaries through the inner Lagrangian point via the Roche lobe overflow. Also, we have determined the ongoing challenge of chemical mixing and exhibit improvements that make easier the simulation of Algol-type binaries evolution.
Accelerating universe in modified teleparallel gravity theory
Authors: Sahlu Shambel , Ntahompagaze Joseph , Abebe Amare , Mota David F. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis paper studies the cosmology of accelerating expansion of the universe in modified teleparallel gravity theory. We discuss the cosmology of f(T, B) gravity theory and its implication to the new general form of the equation of state parameter wTB for explaining the late-time accelerating expansion of the universe without the need for the cosmological constant scenario. We examine the numerical value of wTB in different paradigmatic f(T, B) gravity models. In those models, the numerical result of wTB is favored with observations in the presence of the torsion scalar T associated with a boundary term B and shows the accelerating expansion of the universe.
The study of short orbital period of delta scuti pulsating variable stars
Authors: Mohammed Abduselam 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAs a pulsating star moves in its binary orbit, the path length of the light between us and the star varies, leading to the periodic variation in the arrival time of the signal from the star to us (earth). With the consideration of pulsators light arrival time delay effects several new methods which allows using Kepler photometric data (light curves) alone to find binary stars have been recently developed. Among these modern techniques we used binarogram method and we identified that several δSct pulsating stars have companions. The application of these method on detecting long periods(i.e. longer than about 50 d) δSct pulsating stars is not new, but the uniqueness of this study is we verified that it is also applicable to detect and determine the orbital elements of short periods (i.e short orbital period) δSct pulsating stars. With this investigation, we identified the possible way to overcome effects of fictious peaks, even, on the maximum peaks helpful to verify weather the star has companion or not depend up on the existence of the time-delay. Then, we applied the technique on known binary stars and their orbital elements are previously published. Finally, we identified some new short orbital period δSct pulsating stars and obtained their orbital frequency and period with the same procedures. Because of with our attempts we succeeded and verified the applicability of the method (the Binarogram method) on these stars (i.e short orbital period) for the first time, we expect that our present study will play a great role for similar study and to improve our binary statistics.
Topographic Correction of Geothermal Heat Flux in Greenland and Antarctica
Authors: Colgan William , MacGregor Joseph A. , Mankoff Kenneth D. , Haagenson Ryan , Rajaram Harihar , Martos Yasmina M. , Morlighem Mathieu , Fahnestock Mark A. , Kjeldsen Kristian K. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe present a new approach to account for the influence of subglacial topography on geothermal heat flux beneath the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets. We first establish a simple empirical proportionality between local geothermal flux and topographic relief within a given radius, based on a synthesis of existing observations of these properties elsewhere on Earth. This analysis essentially yields a high‐pass filter that can be readily applied to existing large‐scale geothermal heat flux fields to render them consistent with known subglacial topography. This empirical approach avoids both the geometric limitations of existing analytic models and the complex boundary conditions required by numerical heat flow models, yet it also produces results that are consistent with both of those methods, for example, increased heat flux within valleys and decreased heat flux along ridges. Comparison with borehole‐derived geothermal heat flux suggests that our topographic correction is also valid for non‐ice‐covered areas of Earth and that a borehole location uncertainty of >100 m can limit the value of its inferred heat flux. Ice‐sheet‐wide application of this approach indicates that the effect of local topography upon geothermal heat flux can be as important as choice of regional geothermal heat flux field across a small portion of Antarctica (2%) and a larger portion of Greenland (13%), where subglacial topography is best resolved. We suggest that spatial variability in geothermal heat flux due to topography is most consequential in slower‐flowing portions of the ice sheets, where there is no frictional heating due to basal sliding. We conclude that studies of interactions between ice sheets and geothermal heat flux must consider the effect of subglacial topography at sub‐kilometer horizontal scales.
Widespread myocardial dysfunction in COVID-19 patients detected by myocardial strain imaging using 2-D speckle-tracking echocardiography
Authors: Li Rui , Wang Hong , Ma Fei , Cui Guang-lin , Peng Li-yuan , Li Chen-ze , Zeng He-song , Marian Ali J. , Wang Dao-wen 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCOVID-19 is a multiorgan systemic inflammatory disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus. Patients with COVID-19 often exhibit cardiac dysfunction and myocardial injury, but imaging evidence is lacking. In the study we detected and evaluated the severity of myocardial dysfunction in COVID-19 patient population using two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2-D STE). A total of 218 consecutive patients with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 who had no underlying cardiovascular diseases were enrolled and underwent transthoracic echocardiography. This study cohort included 52 (23.8%) critically ill and 166 noncritically ill patients. Global longitudinal strains (GLSs) and layer-specific longitudinal strains (LSLSs) were obtained using 2-D STE. Changes in GLS were correlated with the clinical parameters. We showed that GLS was reduced (<−21.0%) in about 83% of the patients. GLS reduction was more common in critically sick patients (98% vs. 78.3%, P < 0.001), and the mean GLS was significantly lower in the critically sick patients than those noncritical (−13.7% ± 3.4% vs. −17.4% ± 3.2%, P < 0.001). The alteration of GLS was more prominent in the subepicardium than in the subendocardium (P < 0.001). GLS was correlated to mean serum pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2, RR = 0.42, P < 0.0001), high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP, R = −0.20, P = 0.006) and inflammatory cytokines, particularly IL-6 (R = −0.21, P = 0.003). In conclusions, our results demonstrate that myocardial dysfunction is common in COVID-19 patients, particularly those who are critically sick. Changes in indices of myocardial strain were associated with indices of inflammatory markers and hypoxia, suggesting partly secondary nature of myocardial dysfunction.
A new generation needle- and adjuvant-free trivalent plague vaccine utilizing adenovirus-5 nanoparticle platform
Authors: Kilgore Paul B. , Sha Jian , Andersson Jourdan A. , Motin Vladimir L. , Chopra Ashok K. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA plague vaccine with a fusion cassette of YscF, F1, and LcrV encoding genes in an adenovirus-5 vector (rAd5-YFV) is evaluated for efficacy and immune responses in mice. Two doses of the vaccine provides 100% protection when administered intranasally against challenge with Yersinia pestis CO92 or its isogenic F1 mutant in short- or long- term immunization in pneumonic/bubonic plague models. The corresponding protection rates drop in rAd5-LcrV monovalent vaccinated mice in plague models. The rAd5-YFV vaccine induces superior humoral, mucosal and cell-mediated immunity, with clearance of the pathogen. Immunization of mice with rAd5-YFV followed by CO92 infection dampens proinflammatory cytokines and neutrophil chemoattractant production, while increasing Th1- and Th2-cytokine responses as well as macrophage/monocyte chemo-attractants when compared to the challenge control animals. This is a first study showing complete protection of mice from pneumonic/bubonic plague with a viral vector-based vaccine without the use of needles and the adjuvant.
The role of peripheral type 2 innate lymphoid cells in bronchiolitis
Authors: Tang Yong-Jun , Xie Li-Li , Zheng Xiang-Rong , Liu Chen-Tao , Wang Xia 
Published: January 2021

AbstractOur aim was to detect type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s)-related cytokines of infants with bronchiolitis by using Elisa, Liquidchip technology and RT-PCR and investigated its correlation with bronchiolitis. We recruited 26 infants with bronchiolitis and 20 healthy infants as control from Xiangya Hospital. Compared to the control group, the serum levels of interleukin-5 (IL-5) [41.99 (21.11) vs 25.70 (19.64)], IL-9 [27.04 (37.51) vs 8.30 (0.54)], IL-13 [184.05 (132.81) vs 121.75 (176.13)], IL-33 [83.70 (46.69) vs 11.23 (55.31)] and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) [31.42 (5.41) vs 28.76 (2.56)] were significantly increased in infants with bronchiolitis (P < 0.05), while the level of IgE had no significant difference between the two groups [19.05 (14.15) vs 14.85 (20.2), P > 0.05]. The mRNA expression of IL-17RB (9.83 ± 0.35 vs 9.19 ± 0.58), TSLP (16.98 ± 2.12 vs 15.07 ± 2.25), retinoid acid receptor related orphan receptor α (7.18 ± 0.71 vs 5.46 ± 1.09) and trans-acting T-cell-specific transcription factor 3 (4.86 ± 0.66 vs 4.19 ± 0.90) were significantly increased in infants with bronchiolitis versus the control group (P < 0.05), while there was no statistical significance for suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (5.59 ± 0.68 vs 5.41 ± 0.87, P > 0.05). Our findings suggested that ILC2s possibly play a specific role in immunopathology of bronchiolitis.
Anaerococcus urinimassiliensis sp. nov., a new bacterium isolated from human urine
Authors: Morand Aurélie , Tall Mamadou Lamine , Kuete Yimagou Edmond , Ngom Issa Isaac , Lo Cheikh Ibrahima , Cornu Florent , Tsimaratos Michel , Lagier Jean-Christophe , Levasseur Anthony , Raoult Didier , Fournier Pierre-Edouard 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTo date there are thirteen species validly assigned to the genus Anaerococcus. Most of the species in this genus are anaerobic and of human origin. Anaerococcus urinimassiliensis sp. nov., strain Marseille-P2143T is member of family Peptoniphilaceae, which was isolated from the urine of a 17-year-old boy affected by autoimmune hepatitis and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis using the culturomic approach. In the current study, a taxono-genomics method was employed to describe this new species. The strain Marseille-P2143T was gram positive cocci with translucent colonies on blood agar. Its genome was 2,189,509 bp long with a 33.5 mol% G + C content and exhibited 98.48% 16S rRNA similarity with Anaerococcus provencensis strain 9,402,080. When Anaerococcus urinomassiliensis strain Marseill-P2143T is compared with closely related species, the values ranged from 71.23% with A. hydrogenalis strain DSM 7454T (NZ_ABXA01000052.1) to 90.64% with A. provencensis strain 9402080T (NZ_HG003688.1). This strain has implemented the repertoire of known bacteria of the human urinary tract.
Improving vehicle re‐identification using CNN latent spaces: Metrics comparison and track‐to‐track extension
Authors: Roman‐Jimenez Geoffrey , Guyot Patrice , Malon Thierry , Chambon Sylvie , Charvillat Vincent , Crouzil Alain , Péninou André , Pinquier Julien , Sedes Florence , Sénac Christine 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHerein, the problem of vehicle re‐identification using distance comparison of images in CNN latent spaces is addressed. First, the impact of the distance metrics, comparing performances obtained with different metrics is studied: the minimal Euclidean distance (MED), the minimal cosine distance (MCD) and the residue of the sparse coding reconstruction (RSCR). These metrics are applied using features extracted from five different CNN architectures, namely ResNet18, AlexNet, VGG16, InceptionV3 and DenseNet201. We use the specific vehicle re‐identification dataset VeRi to fine‐tune these CNNs and evaluate results. Overall, independently of the CNN used, MCD outperforms MED, commonly used in the literature. These results are confirmed on other vehicle retrieval datasets. Second, the state‐of‐the‐art image‐to‐track process (I2TP) is extended to a track‐to‐track process (T2TP). The three distance metrics are extended to measure distance between tracks, enabling T2TP. T2TP and I2TP are compared using the same CNN models. Results show that T2TP outperforms I2TP for MCD and RSCR. T2TP combining DenseNet201 and MCD‐based metrics exhibits the best performances, outperforming the state‐of‐the‐art I2TP‐based models. Finally, experiments highlight two main results: i) the impact of metric choice in vehicle re‐identification, and ii) T2TP improves the performances compared with I2TP, especially when coupled with MCD‐based metrics.
Constant absolute bandwidth tunable asymmetric order dual‐band BPF with reconfigurable bandwidth using mode control technique
Authors: Narayana Shriman , Kumar Nagendra , Singh Yatendra Kumar 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHerein, a dual‐band bandpass filter with bandwidth tuning and constant bandwidth centre frequency tuning is presented, where the first and second bands are, respectively, of two and three modes. Based on λ/2 resonator modal analysis, a varactor‐ended stub is centrally loaded to a varactor‐terminated resonator to control even modes, and two varactor‐ended stubs are also loaded off‐centred symmetrically to tune, mostly, odd modes. Using these varactors, the first passband is formed by pairing the first even and odd modes while the second passband using the next pair of even and odd modes. To make the second band bandwidth also constant, the first mode of another resonator kept parallel to the first resonator has been used making the second passband of three poles. S‐matrix has been derived to analyse and coupling matrices have been synthesised to design the filter. A filter has been fabricated where the first band is tunable from 0.9 to 1.24 GHz (31.7%) with absolute bandwidth of 220 MHz while the second passband is tunable from 1.8 to 2.45 GHz (30.5%) with absolute bandwidth of 280 MHz. The first and second bands' bandwidth can be tuned from 110 to 360 MHz and from 230 to 700 MHz.
Antithrombotische Therapie nach peripherer Revaskularisation
Authors: Espinola-Klein Christine 
Published: January 2021

Was ist neu?
Gerinnungshemmende Therapie nach peripherer Intervention In Analogie zur Koronarintervention wird nach Katheterinterventionen peripherer Gefäße meist passager eine duale Thrombozytenaggregationshemmung (TZAH) mit ASS 100 mg und Clopidogrel 75 mg durchgeführt. Größere Studien zu diesem Vorgehen fehlten bisher und die Empfehlungen der aktuellen Leitlinien haben den Charakter eines Expertenkonsens.
Gerinnungshemmende Therapie nach peripherer Bypassoperation Nach peripherer Bypassanlage empfehlen die aktuellen Leitlinien in der Regel die Monotherapie mit einem TZAH (ASS 100 mg oder Clopidogrel 75 mg). In Einzelfällen wird bei venösen Bypässen eine orale Antikoagulation oder bei Kunststoffbypässen eine duale TZAH eingesetzt. Diese Empfehlungen beruhen jedoch auf wenigen, teils kleinen Studien.
Duale gerinnungshemmende Therapie mit niedrigdosiertem Rivaroxaban und ASS Die VOYAGER-PAD-Studie ist mit 6564 Patienten die größte randomisierte Studie zur gerinnungshemmenden Therapie nach Revaskularisation. Es wurde das Konzept einer niedrigdosierten Rivaroxaban-Gabe (2-mal 2,5 mg) plus ASS 100 mg nach erfolgreicher peripherer Revaskularisation untersucht. Die Studie zeigte unter der Kombinationstherapie im Vergleich zur Therapie mit ASS 100 mg allein eine signifikant niedrigere Inzidenz des kombinierten Endpunkts aus akuter Extremitätenischämie, Amputation, Myokardinfarkt, ischämischem Schlaganfall oder Tod aus kardiovaskulärer Ursache. Getriggert wurde dieses Ergebnis primär durch die Reduktion von akuten Gefäßverschlüssen. Es kam zwar insgesamt zu mehr klinisch relevanten Blutungen unter der Kombinationstherapie, eine Erhöhung von intrazerebralen oder vital bedrohlichen Blutungen zeigte sich jedoch nicht. Wenn man Risiko und Nutzen in Bezug setzt, dann verhindert in einer Population von 10 000 Patienten die zusätzliche Gabe von Rivaroxaban 2-mal 2,5 mg pro Jahr 181 primäre Endpunkte auf Kosten von 29 relevante Blutungen.
Wie (un)gefährlich ist die einfache Fettleber?
Authors: Figge Anja , Jähnert Andreas , Canbay Ali 
Published: January 2021

Was ist neu?
Was kann die nichtinvasive Diagnostik bei Steatosis hepatis leisten? Neuere, nichtinvasive bildgebende Verfahren, die den Fettgehalt und die Steifigkeit der Leber bestimmen, werden zunehmend zur Verlaufskontrolle bei Patienten mit nichtalkoholischer Fettlebererkrankung (NAFLD) eingesetzt. Dadurch kann die Leberbiopsie Patienten mit unklaren Befunden vorbehalten bleiben.
Wie entsteht die Steatosis hepatis und was bedingt die Erkrankungsprogression? Westlicher Lebensstil, Veränderungen des enteralen Mikrobioms, Kofaktoren wie Begleiterkrankungen und Medikamente sowie genetische Prädispositionen beeinflussen die Krankheitsentstehung und -progression.
Welche klinischen Verläufe sind bei Steatosis hepatis zu erwarten? Wichtigster prognostischer Faktor der NAFLD ist das Auftreten einer Leberfibrose. Jedoch finden sich zunehmend auch Komplikationen, insbesondere der primäre Leberzellkrebs bei NAFLD-Patienten, ohne dass eine nichtalkoholische Steatohepatitis (NASH) zuvor bekannt war oder eine fortgeschrittene Fibrose oder Zirrhose vorliegt. Eine Komorbidität der NAFLD mit Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 ist auch bei simpler Steatose mit einer erhöhten Sterblichkeit assoziiert.
Wechselspiel zwischen nichtalkoholischer Fettlebererkrankung und extrahepatischen Komorbiditäten Die NAFLD als hepatische Manifestation des metabolischen Syndroms ist ein unabhängiger Risikofaktor für kardiovaskuläre Komplikationen. Neben dem primären Leberzellkrebs lassen sich auch extrahepatische Neoplasien, insbesondere das kolorektale Karzinom und das Mammakarzinom, bei NAFLD-Patienten insgesamt, aber auch bei Patienten mit simpler Steatose gehäuft nachweisen. Somit sollte beim Umgang mit NAFLD-Patienten, auch bei simpler Steatose, über den „hepatologischen Tellerrand“ hinaus das Bewusstsein für die hier beschriebenen zahlreichen metabolischen, kardiovaskulären und neoplastischen Assoziationen geschärft werden. Es gilt bei dieser prävalenten Erkrankung, ganzheitliche Präventionskonzepte interdisziplinär zu prüfen und zu evaluieren. Die strukturierte Etablierung und Evaluierung spezialisierter Versorgungszentren für Patienten mit NAFLD, einschließlich der interdisziplinären Evaluation und Betreuung von Patienten mit simpler Steatose, stellen angesichts der aktuellen Datenlage und der Prävalenz eine große Herausforderung für sämtliche Akteure des Gesundheitssektors dar (Abb. 1).
Stellenwert der präoperativen Computertomografie für die Prädiktion einer optimalen Zytoreduktion beim fortgeschrittenen Ovarialkarzinom
Authors: Stachs Angrit , Engel Karen , Stubert Johannes , Reimer Toralf , Gerber Bernd , Dieterich Max 
Published: January 2021

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Eine optimale Zytoreduktion ist der wichtigste Prognosefaktor beim fortgeschrittenen Ovarialkarzinom. Obwohl Stadieneinteilung und Einschätzung der Operabilität durch Explorativ-Operation erfolgen, gilt die präoperative Computertomografie (CT) des Abdomens als Standard. Ziel dieser Studie ist die Überprüfung verschiedener CT-Parameter hinsichtlich der Prädiktion einer optimalen Zytoreduktion.
Patienten und Methoden In die retrospektive Studie wurden 131 Patientinnen mit zwischen 2010 bis 2014 neu diagnostiziertem Ovarialkarzinom aufgenommen. Davon wurden n = 36 im FIGO-Stadium I bis IIB aus der Studie ausgeschlossen. Von den 95 Patientinnen mit FIGO-Stadium IIC bis IV lagen bei n = 75 präoperative CT-Abdomen vor. Die CT-Scans wurden einem verblindeten Review unterzogen. Die evaluierten 11 CT-Parameter wurden mittels χ2-Test und logistischer Regressionsanalyse hinsichtlich der Endpunkte makroskopischer Tumorrest sowie Tumorrest > 1 cm überprüft. Überlebensanalysen erfolgten mittels Kaplan-Meier-Methode und Log-Rank-Test.
Ergebnisse Von 75 Patientinnen hatten 28 (37,3 %) eine vollständige Tumorresektion und 26 (34,7 %) Tumorreste ≤ 1 cm. Tumorreste > 1 cm fanden sich bei 21 Patientinnen (28 %), davon waren 5 nicht resektabel. Das Gesamtüberleben bei Tumorrest > 1 cm unterschied sich signifikant von der Gruppe mit makroskopischer Tumorfreiheit (p = 0,003) bzw. Tumorrest ≤ 1 cm (p = 0,04). Die CT-Parameter Tumorherde am Diaphragma, Mesokolon, Omentum majus, Peritoneum sowie Aszites korrelierten mit makroskopischem Tumorrest. In der multivariaten logistischen Regressionsanalyse war lediglich hinsichtlich der Prädiktion einer suboptimalen Tumorresektion (> 1 cm) der CT-Parameter intraparenchymatöse Lebermetastase statistisch signifikant (OR 8,04; 95 %-KI 1,57–42,4; p = 0,0134). Sensitivität, Spezifität, PPV und NPV betragen 37,5, 89,7, 66,7 und 72,2 %.
Schlussfolgerung Obwohl mittels CT Abdomen Risikoparameter für suboptimale Tumorreduktion identifizierbar sind, ist wegen der geringen diagnostischen Genauigkeit die chirurgische Exploration mit histologischer Diagnosesicherung unverzichtbar.