bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors and outcomes of deep tissue Candida invasion in neonates with invasive candidiasis
Authors: Eisi Hanin , Ibraheem Shohood , Hisham Tooba , Al‐Harbi Aziza , Saidy Khalid , Ali Ismail , Nour Islam , Nasef Nehad 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundDeep tissue Candida invasion represents a special entity among neonates with invasive candidiasis. We aimed to explore the risk factors and clinical outcomes for deep tissue Candida invasion among neonates with invasive candidiasis.MethodsA retrospective data review of neonates admitted to NICU of Madinah maternity and children hospital, KSA from January 2012 to December 2019 was done. Data were analysed between infants with or without deep tissue candidiasis among infants with invasive candidiasis. Invasive candidiasis was defined as positive blood or catheter collected urine culture for Candida. Deep tissue Candida invasion was defined as an infection of the central nervous system, eyes, heart, skeletal system, lungs, liver or kidneys.ResultA total of 14 (11%) out of 130 neonates with invasive candidiasis had deep tissue Candida invasion. Persistent positive blood culture for Candida [OR 15.2, 95% CI (2.0–114), p = .01], prematurity [OR 7.6, 95% CI (1.04–56.4), p = .04] and prolonged antibiotic duration [OR 1.3, 95% CI (1.02–1.6), p = .03] are independent risk factors for deep tissue Candida invasion. Deep tissue Candida invasion was associated with significantly higher rates of cerebral palsy, hydrocephalus, heart failure and longer length of hospital stay compared to infants without deep tissue invasion.ConclusionPersistent Candida growth in blood cultures, prematurity and long‐term antibiotic use are significant risk factors for deep tissue Candida invasion. Deep tissue Candida invasion is associated with prolonged hospital stay and higher neonatal morbidity.
Heterospecific pollen deposition is positively associated with reproductive success in a diverse hummingbird‐pollinated plant community
Authors: Lopes Sabrina Aparecida , Bergamo Pedro Joaquim , Najara Pinho Queiroz Steffani , Ollerton Jeff , Santos Thiago , Rech André Rodrigo 
Published: November 2021

Heterospecific pollen deposition (HPD) is ubiquitous across plant communities, especially for generalized species which use a diversity of pollinators, and may have negative effects on plant reproduction. However, it is unclear whether temporal changes in the co‐flowering community result in changes in HPD patterns. Moreover, community‐level studies are required to understand which factors influence HPD and how the reproduction of different species is affected.We investigated the temporal variation of HPD, its relationship with level of specialization on pollinators and floral phenotypic specialization, and its association with reproductive success (pollen limitation and fruit set) in 31 hummingbird‐pollinated plant species in a tropical Campo Rupestre.We found seasonality in HPD, with species flowering in the dry season having greater diversity of heterospecific pollen on stigmas and a higher frequency of stigmas containing heterospecific pollen, compared to the rainy season. Stigmas of ecologically generalized species had more heterospecific pollen, while the relationship for ecologically specialized species depended on floral phenotype. Surprisingly, and in contrast to theory, we found a positive relationship between HPD and reproductive success.Our results indicate benefits of generalization and facilitation, in which sharing pollinators brings greater reproductive success via increased conspecific pollen deposition, even if it incurs more HPD. We demonstrated how assessing HPD at a community‐level can contribute to understanding the ecological causes and functional consequences of pollinator sharing.
Comparison of two‐dimensional (2D) and three‐dimensional (3D) ultrasonography for gestational ageing in the early to mid‐pregnant bitch
Authors: Pestelacci Sabina , Tzanidakis Nikolaos , Reichler Iris Margaret , Balogh Orsolya 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAccuracy of prediction of the day of parturition in the bitch decreases with advancing pregnancy. We hypothesized that three‐dimensional (3D) volume ultrasonography may be superior for gestational ageing than 2D measurements. Thirty‐two pregnancy examinations were performed in 25 bitches of different breeds 21–34 days after the first mating. Ovulation date from serum progesterone concentrations was estimated for 15 bitches, and parturition date was recorded for all dogs. Inner chorionic cavity (ICC) diameters and ICC length of the conceptus were measured by 2D B‐mode, and ICC volume by 3D ultrasonography (Voluson®i, GE Healthcare). Linear or exponential regressions between ICC measurements and time, i.e. days after estimated ovulation or days before parturition, were performed with significance set atp < .05. ICC volume increased exponentially over time, while ICC diameter showed a linear growth. ICC volume had similar accuracy (R2 = .718,p < .001) to ICC diameter and ICC length (R2 = .707 andR2 = .728,p < .001) when analysed in relation to days after estimated ovulation or in relation to days before parturition (R2 = .818,R2 = .800 andR2 = .810,p < .001 respectively). There were strong (R2 ≥ .875) significant associations between all ICC measurements. In conclusion, ICC volume did not improve canine gestational ageing accuracy, which supports the continued use of the ICC diameter, particularly in light of the difficulty in obtaining 3D measurements. On the basis of ICC volume, the growth of the canine conceptus appeared to be exponential already during the first half of pregnancy.
Why is Denali (6,194 m) so big? Caught inside the tectonic wake of a migrating restraining bend
Authors: Benowitz Jeff A. , Cooke Michele L. , Terhune Patrick J. , Herreid Sam , Bemis Sean P. , Toeneboehn Kevin , Waldien Trevor S. , O'Sullivan Paul B. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTopography along strike‐slip fault restraining bends is theoretically self‐limited by erosion, block translation and the expected abandonment of fault bends. However, Denali (6,194 m) and Foraker (5,304 m) are located within a restraining bend of the dextral Denali Fault system. We reveal the role of bend evolution in mountain building with physical experiments scaled to simulate the Alaska Mount McKinley restraining bend (MMRB). Despite the natural complexity of the MMRB, first‐order patterns (of strike‐slip separation rates, uplift and lateral bend migration) from the geologic data align with patterns from scaled experiments. Thermochronology, seismicity, and slip rate data show that the persistence of a single Denali Fault strand through the ~6 Ma MMRB is facilitated by simultaneous advection of crust through the bend and migration of the eastern vertex of the bend.
The DROL1 subunit of U5 snRNP in the spliceosome is specifically required to splice AT–AC‐type introns in Arabidopsis
Authors: Suzuki Takamasa , Shinagawa Tomomi , Niwa Tomoko , Akeda Hibiki , Hashimoto Satoki , Tanaka Hideki , Hiroaki Yoko , Yamasaki Fumiya , Mishima Hiroyuki , Kawai Tsutae , Higashiyama Tetsuya , Nakamura Kenzo 
Published: November 2021

SUMMARYAn Arabidopsis mutant named defective repression of OLE3::LUC 1 (drol1) was originally isolated as a mutant with defects in the repression of OLEOSIN3 (OLE3) after seed germination. In this study, we show that DROL1 is an Arabidopsis homolog of yeast DIB1, a subunit of the U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle (snRNP) in the spliceosome. It is also part of a new subfamily that is specific to a certain class of eukaryotes. Comprehensive analysis of the intron splicing using RNA sequencing analysis of the drol1 mutants revealed that most of the minor introns with AT–AC dinucleotide termini had reduced levels of splicing. Only two nucleotide substitutions from AT–AC to GT–AG enabled AT–AC‐type introns to be spliced in drol1 mutants. Forty‐eight genes, including those having important roles in abiotic stress responses and cell proliferation, exhibited reduced splicing of AT–AC‐type introns in the drol1 mutants. Additionally, drol1 mutant seedlings showed retarded growth, similar to that caused by the activation of abscisic acid signaling, possibly as a result of reduced AT–AC‐type intron splicing in the endosomal Na+/H+ antiporters and plant‐specific histone deacetylases. These results indicate that DROL1 is specifically involved in the splicing of minor introns with AT–AC termini and that this plays an important role in plant growth and development.
Numerical Design and Studies of Multipurpose Concentrated Solar Thermal Heating System
Authors: Mukesh Bandi Sai , Mukhopadhyay Sudipto , Mondal Ashish , Chandra Laltu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Solar thermal energy systems are future sustainable solutions for both domestic as well as industrial use. Solar thermal systems, operating in medium temperature range (373–673 K), require concentrated solar thermal heating (CSH). In this work, a comprehensive numerical tool is developed to design and study multipurpose on-sun CSH system. The model uses a combined Monte-Carlo ray tracing, finite difference method, and all heat transfer modes. The model is validated with in-house experiment, which demonstrates its predictive capability. Next, the tool is used to optimize the cavity receiver geometry and predict the performance of the optimized CSH system under different direct normal irradiance (DNI) conditions. A CSH system using Therminol D12 as heat transfer fluid (HTF) is presented. Therminol D12 HTF-based system is predicted to take longer time than the system using water as HTF, for heating water to a specified temperature because of the heat exchanger effectiveness. However, the designed CSH system using Therminol D12 can attain higher temperatures than water without pressurization and through the heat exchanger can be used as a multipurpose system suitable for cooking, laundry, sterilization, process industry, etc.
Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Loss Characteristics of Cooled Transonic Nozzle Guide Vanes
Authors: Burdett Daniel , Povey Thomas 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This article presents high-fidelity experimental traverse measurements downstream of an annular cascade of transonic nozzle guide vanes (NGVs) from a high-pressure (HP) turbine stage. The components are heavily cooled real engine components from a modern civil gas turbine engine, operated at scaled engine conditions. Tests were conducted in the high technology readiness level (TRL) Engine Component Aerothermal (ECAT) facility at the University of Oxford. High-resolution full-area traverse measurements of local kinetic energy (KE) loss coefficient are presented in several axial planes. In particular, we present circumferential loss coefficient profiles at several radial heights, full-area traverses at three axial planes, and fully mixed-out loss calculations. The analysis of these data gives insight into particular loss structures, overall aerodynamic performance, and wake mixing rates. The effect of exit Mach number on performance is also considered. The data address a gap in the literature for the detailed analysis of traverse measurements downstream of HP NGV engine components. Experimental data are compared with steady and unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) simulations, allowing benchmarking of typical computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods for absolute loss prediction of cooled components. There is relatively limited aerodynamic performance data in the literature for heavily cooled NGVs, and this study represents one of the most comprehensive of its type.
Papilloplex HR-HPV test has non-inferior clinical performance for detection of human papillomavirus infection: assessment using the VALGENT framework
Authors: Bhatia Ramya , Alcaniz Boada Elia , Bonde Jesper Hansen , Quint Wim G V , Xu Lan , Ejegod Ditte Moller , Cuschieri Kate , Arbyn Marc 
Published: November 2021

AimThe Papilloplex high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) test (Genefirst, Oxford, UK) is a single tube real-time HPV test which provides multiplex detection and separate identification of 14 hrHPV types. Here, we present the clinical validation of the test in SurePath samples in comparison to a clinically validated reference test, the GP5+/6+Enzyme ImmunoAssay (GP5+/6+EIA) using the VALGENT (VALidation of HPV GENotyping Tests) framework.MethodsClinical performance was assessed using 998 unselected, cervical screening samples enriched with 297 cytologically abnormal specimens (100 atypical squamous cells of unspecified significance, 100 low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, 97 high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions). Cases were defined as women diagnosed with histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia two or more (≥CIN2, N=119) and controls defined as women with two subsequent negative cytology results (N=834).ResultsThe Papilloplex HR-HPV test has non-inferior sensitivity for detection of cervical precancer (p=0.0001 for ≥CIN2 and p=0.0005 for ≥CIN3) and non-inferior specificity, compared with GP5+/6+EIA (pni=0.0167)). The assay also showed excellent or good agreement for overall hrHPV and nearly all individual HPV types as compared with GP5+/6+EIA/Luminex.ConclusionThe Papilloplex HR-HPV applied on cervical specimens stored in SurePath medium fulfils the international clinical accuracy criteria for use in cervical cancer screening.
Gravastars in a non-minimally coupled gravity with electromagnetism
Authors: Sert Özcan , Adak Muzaffer 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this paper we investigate the gravitational vacuum stars which called gravastars in the non-minimally coupled models with electromagnetic and gravitational fields. We consider two non-minimal models and find the corresponding spherically symmetric exact solutions in the interior of the star consisting of the dark energy condensate. Our models turn out to be Einstein–Maxwell model at the outside of the star and the solutions become the Reissner–Nordström solution. The physical quantities of these models are continuous and non-singular in some range of parameters and the exterior geometry continuously matches with the interior geometry at the surface. We calculate the matter mass, the total gravitational mass, the electric charge and redshift of the star for the two models. We notice that these quantities except redshift are dependent of a subtle free parameter, k, of the model. We also remark a wide redshift range from zero to infinity depending on one free parameter, $$\beta $$
β
, in the second model.
Context-Aware Conversational Recommendation of Trigger-Action Rules in IoT Programming
Authors: Zhao Mingxin , Wu Qinyue , Ma Enze , Shen Beijun , Chen Yuting 
Published: November 2021

Trigger-action (TA) programming is a programming paradigm that allows end-users to automate and connect IoT devices and online services using if-trigger-then-action rules. Early studies have demonstrated this paradigms usability, but more recent work has also highlighted complexities that arise in realistic scenarios. To facilitate end-users in TA programming, we propose AutoTAR, a context-aware conversational recommendation technique for recommending TA rules. AutoTAR leverages a TA knowledge graph to encode semantic features and abstract functionalities of rules, and then takes a two-phase method to recommend TA rules to end-users: during the context-aware recommendation phase, it elicits user preferences from programming context and recommends the top-N rules using a mixed content and collaborative technique; during the conversational recommendation phase, it justifies recommendations by iteratively raising questions and collecting feedback from end-users. We evaluate AutoTAR on Mturk and real data collected from the IFTTT community. The results show that our method outperforms state-of-the-arts significantly — its context-aware recommendation outperforms RecRules by 26% on R@5 and 21% on NDCG@5; its conversational recommendation outperforms LARecommender (a conversational recommender with the LA model) by 67.64% on accuracy. In addition, AutoTAR is effective in solving three problems frequently occurring in TA rule recommendations, i.e., the cold-start problem, the repeat-consumption problem, and the incomplete-intent problem.
Abstract IA-005: Metabolic Stress in Pancreatic Cancer Progression and Therapy
Authors: Commisso Cosimo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells depend on glutamine to meet their unique metabolic needs. The elevated consumption of glutamine leads to intratumoral nutrient depletion, causing metabolic stress that has the potential to impact tumor progression and therapy. We will show that nutrient stress caused by glutamine deprivation leads to the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in PDAC cells. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that glutamine deficiency regulates EMT through the upregulation of the EMT master regulator Slug, a process that is dependent on both MEK/ERK signaling and ATF4. We find that Slug is required in PDAC cells for glutamine deprivation-induced EMT, cell motility and nutrient stress survival. Importantly, we decipher that Slug is associated with nutrient stress in PDAC tumors and is required for metastasis. These results delineate a novel role for Slug in the nutrient stress response and provide insight into how nutrient depletion might influence PDAC progression. During the development of a pharmacological in vivo system aimed at mimicking glutamine stress, we have serendipitously discovered an approach to profoundly affect PDAC tumor growth and metastasis. We will outline the metabolic mechanisms underlying these effects and discuss additional targeting strategies for PDAC.
Citation Format: Cosimo Commisso. Metabolic Stress in Pancreatic Cancer Progression and Therapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2021 Sep 29-30. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(22 Suppl):Abstract nr IA-005.
Abstract IA-007: The KPC model has helped advance pancreatic cancer therapy: Agree
Authors: Olive Kenneth P. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The KPC genetically engineered mouse has been widely utilized within the pancreatic cancer field as a preclinical model system that recapitulates many aspects of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The model has proven particularly accurate in replicating many of the etiological, histopathological, and physiological features of the human disease. KPC mouse pancreatic tumors also exhibit the broad chemoresistance phenotype that characterizes human pancreatic cancer, proving to be uniquely resistant to a wide range of cytotoxic, targeted, and immuno-oncology drugs. Nevertheless, the lack of efficacy in several clinical trials that derived from studies initially performed in the KPC model has provoked questions about the clinical predictiveness of the model, and by extension, its preclinical utility. This presentation will summarize the history and lessons learned from using the KPC mouse model and highlight impacts the model has had on pancreatic cancer therapy. We will focus in particular on the appropriate interpretation of preclinical results and understanding the similarities and differences between corresponding trials performed in KPC mice and humans. To date, the model has proven successful both in advancing promising biology-based regimens to the clinic and of dissuading the further clinical development of ineffective regimens. Moreover, by providing a vehicle for the conduct of “post-clinical” trials, the KPC model has enabled the study and understanding of why pancreatic cancer trials can fail, leading to critical lessons that are informing the design of future clinical trials (and the prioritization of candidate therapeutic agents). Innovative and promising therapeutics approaches developed from studies in the KPC model continue to advance through clinical trials and are bolstered by ongoing co-clinical efforts that iteratively pass from human to mouse and back again.
Citation Format: Kenneth P. Olive. The KPC model has helped advance pancreatic cancer therapy: Agree [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2021 Sep 29-30. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(22 Suppl):Abstract nr IA-007.
Abstract PO-031: Lysosome inhibition overcomes resistance to CDK4/6 inhibition in PDA
Authors: Silva Dilru , Kinsey Conan , McMahon Martin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The current FDA-approved chemotherapies for patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDA) demonstrate substantial toxicities with only a modest survival benefit highlighting the urgent need to better understand the molecular mechanisms driving PDA and how they interact in order to develop more precise and less toxic pathway-targeted therapies. PDA often harbors oncogenic mutations in KRAS and CDKN2A that drive a dysregulated cell cycle through activation of CDK4/6 (Cyclin-Dependent Kinases 4 and 6), which mono-phosphorylate RB1 to govern progression through G0◊G1◊S phases. Currently, there are three FDA-approved CDK4/6 inhibitors, palbo-, abema-, and ribociclib (X-ciclibs), that are predicted to have anti-cancer activity in PDA cells. However, the benefits of X-ciclib treatment in PDA patients are largely underwhelming. We found that inherent resistance to X-ciclib treatment in vitro is due to compensatory activation of protective autophagy, a critical lysosomal degradation process that generates a source of nutrients during periods of cellular stress. We observed that X-ciclib treatment induces autophagic flux in PDA cell lines. This pro-cancer process can be targeted with the lysosomal inhibitors, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine. The addition of chloroquine sensitizes PDA cells to X-ciclib treatment, resulting in diminished proliferative ability. Additionally, a late-stage PDA patient was treated with the combination of an X-ciclib and hydroxychloroquine and displayed a dramatic decrease in the bloodborne PDA biomarker, Cancer Antigen 19-9. These data may suggest a novel combination treatment strategy for late-stage PDA patients, but the molecular mechanisms underlying are yet to be studied in PDA. Future work will explore the role RB1 plays in CDK4/6 regulated autophagy by investigating how phosphorylation at distinct RB1 sites modulates autophagy-related gene expression and the extent to which mTORC1 deactivation is necessary for CDK4/6 regulated autophagy.
Citation Format: Dilru Silva, Conan Kinsey, Martin McMahon. Lysosome inhibition overcomes resistance to CDK4/6 inhibition in PDA [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2021 Sep 29-30. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(22 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-031.