bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intelligent anti‐epidemic mask based on KF and ECF fusion algorithm
Authors: Xia Kun , Li Xiang , Li Xueyong , Liu Yiren , Zhang Hongwei , Hou Ruifeng 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn response to environmental pollution and the spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19), this paper proposes a new type of smart mask design, and specifically proposes an optimized double closed‐loop control method, especially an improved filtering fusion algorithm. Using the filtering fusion algorithm proposed in this paper, after the Kalman filter (KF) filters the raw data of the attitude sensor, explicit complementary filtering and data fusion are used to obtain the attitude angle of the body. At the same time, the obtained attitude angle is combined with acceleration and blood oxygen concentration to obtain the behaviour characteristic value. On this basis, the speed of the oxygen supply fan captured by the photoelectric sensor is used to form a closed loop with the characteristic value of the behaviour. Finally, the structure of the mask is upgraded and optimized through fluid mechanics simulation, and experiments have verified that the combination of the replaceable filter cloth, the intelligent control system and the ultraviolet disinfection device can effectively protect people's health.
Design of metallic nanocylinder array waveguide for controlling resonant wavelength shift
Authors: Ando Yuki , Endo Motohiro , Wu Di , Yamaguchi Takashi , Kishimoto Seiya , Ohnuki Shinichiro 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA metallic nanocylinder array was previously proposed for the propagation of localized light generated in nanosized objects. However, the plasmon resonant wavelength for each cylinder shifts significantly with the propagation of light. In this study, a metallic nanoelliptic cylinder waveguide is investigated to control the plasmon resonant wavelength shift. The finite‐difference frequency‐domain (FDFD) electromagnetic solver is used to reduce the computational time. The relationship between the cross‐section of the cylinder and the plasmon resonance for the metal is described with the hydrodynamic Drude model. The effectiveness of the proposed waveguide in controlling the resonant wavelength shifts is confirmed by examining the plasmon propagation for 30 nanocylinders.
Fast and efficient lossless encoder in image compression with low computation and low memory
Authors: Karthikeyan N. , Saravanakumar N. M. , Sivakumar M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis research focuses on frequency‐based lossless new encoding technique with low computation and low memory scheme. This encoding technique doesn't require, any table similar to Huffman and Golomb Rice encoder, and doesn't take high computation time like an arithmetic encoder. For better comparative results, nearly 200 standard images were tested with the proposed encoder and their results were compared with the standard encoders. Based on the analysis of results reported in the experimental part, the proposed scheme in Discrete Cosine Transformation (DCT) achieves a high Compression Ratio (CR) of 97.68 %, Bits Per Pixel (BPP) of 0.19, Peak Signal To Noise Ratio (PSNR) of 27.62 dB for pepper image, CR of 98.65%, BPP of 0.11 and PSNR of 29.24 dB for house image, CR of 98.58 %, BPP of 0.11, PSNR of 30.59 dB for pepper image, CR of 98.37%, BPP of 0.13, PSNR of 31.37dB for house image in Discrete Wavelet Transformation (DWT) than compared to other encoders. It consumes less computation time to attain superior CR with a better quality of reconstructed picture than DCT based Huffman, Golomb‐ Rice (GR) coder and Low Complexity, Low memory Entropy Coder (LLEC), DWT based Arithmetic, GR code, LLEC.
Energy storage properties of P(VDF‐TrFE‐CTFE)‐based composite dielectrics with uniform and gradient‐doped boron nitride nanosheets
Authors: Shang Yanan , Feng Yu , Li Changming , Zhang Changhai , Zhang Tiandong , Zhang Yongquan , Zhang Yue , Song Chunhui , Chi Qingguo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDielectric capacitors play an important role in advanced electronic and power systems such as portable electronic devices, hybrid electric vehicles and electronic weapon systems, and the improvement of energy storage density will have a positive effect on reducing the volume and weight of equipment. Here, a series of single‐layer dielectrics with boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) uniformly dispersed and multilayer dielectrics with BNNSs showing a positive gradient distribution (PGD) and inverse gradient distribution (IGD) in the poly(vinylidene fluoride‐trifluoroethylene‐chlorotrifluoroethylene) (P[VDF‐TrFE‐CTFE]) matrix were prepared by high‐speed electrospinning and hot press technology. It is found that the best performance is observed inthe lowest interlayer gradient component in both PGD and IGD composite dielectrics. However, the performance of PGD is better than that of IGD, and the 3‐5‐3 multilayer dielectric in the positive gradient structure has the best electrical performance. Its maximum energy storage density of the 3‐5‐3 composite dielectrics is 12.93 J/cm3 at the applied electric field of 380 kV/mm. The above research results show that the gradient structure design plays an important role in optimising the breakdown strength and energy storage characteristics of composite dielectrics.
Islanding detection method for multi‐terminal renewable power DC distribution system
Authors: Ke Jia , Jin Sun , Zhiming Shi , Zhengxuan Zhu , Qijuan Zhao , Tianshu Bi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMost of the traditional islanding detection methods are designed for renewable sources in AC systems and cannot be directly applied in multi‐terminal DC renewable power distribution systems. Moreover, the attenuation effect of multi‐branches makes it difficult for active methods to effectively detect complex islanding operations with multiple renewable power sources. To address the above problems, this paper proposes an active high‐frequency impedance estimation based DC islanding detection method. The impedance of converters is proved to be a constant value at high‐frequencies, and the high‐frequency impedance of the system changes significantly after islanding. Therefore, islanding operations can be accurately detected through impedance characteristics with a negligible none detection zone. The proposed islanding detection method uses DC/DC converters to inject non‐characteristic harmonics to perform high‐frequency impedance calculations without additional injection equipment. The high‐frequency impedance directly reflects structural changes of the DC system. In this case, this method has lower requirements on the disturbance intensity and will not be influenced by the attenuation effect. The injected harmonic voltage is used as an auxiliary criterion to detect complex DC islanding operations with multiple renewable sources. Simulation results prove that the proposed method has high detection accuracy and is not affected by transient conditions.
Consensus active power sharing for islanded microgrids based on distributed angle droop control
Authors: Xu Tao , Zhou Jiaxin , Liang Lemeng , Wu Yuhan , Cai Shuqi , Liu Zuozheng , Li Peng , Yu Li 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe implementation of synchronous phasor measurement units (PMUs) in distribution networks provide accurate and GPS‐based synchronous data which support the grid flexible reconfiguration, such as island partition and island reconnection. Utilizing the high resolution PMU data, the phase angle droop control can be implemented on islanded microgrids (MGs) without causing the deviation on frequency brought from traditional frequency droop control, consequently support the synchronous and seamless transition. In this paper, a phase angle droop control method considering the incremental cost of distributed generation (DG) is proposed utilizing distributed finite‐time protocol to realize cost minimization and consensus active power sharing of DG units. In addition, an observer‐based voltage controller with finite‐time convergence velocity is implemented to meet the target of DG units’ voltage recovery and the accuracy of reactive power sharing. The proposed method is implemented through a sparse communication topology and exchange information with their own neighbours only. The effectiveness, robustness and scalability of the proposed distributed control method are verified through case studies.
Current Insights in the Age-related Decline in Sports Performance of the Older Athlete
Authors: Ganse Bergita , Degens Hans 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe higher performance level of master athletes compared to non-athletes is often associated with better health throughout life. However, even the physical performance of master athletes declines with age, and this decline accelerates from about the age of 70 years onwards. A progressive loss of muscle mass, declines in force- and power-generating capacity, decreased flexibility, and the concomitant decline in specific tension characterize the muscular changes underlying performance declines. In the cardiovascular system, declines in stroke volume and cardiac output, and cardiac and vascular stiffness contribute to decreasing performance. Recent studies have shown that long-term endurance exercise in master athletes does not only have positive effects, but is associated with an increased incidence of atrial fibrillation, atherosclerotic plaques, and aortic dilation, and even more so in men than in women. Recently, larger longitudinal datasets were analysed and showed that the age-related decline in performance was similar in longitudinal and cross-sectional data. In conclusion, regular physical activity enhances the exercise capacity, and hence quality of life in old age, but it is not without risks.
Exploring Azatidinone Moiety: An Insight into its Anti-tubercular Potency
Authors: Das Rina , Mehta Dinesh Kumar , Dhanawat Meenakshi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTB is becoming a worldwide problem and it was declared since 1993 by the World Health Organization (WHO), a global health emergency. The current problem of tuberculosis therapy is the emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains, caused by the improper use of antibiotics in chemotherapy of TB patients. Azatidinones, a β-lactam cyclic amide with four atoms in a ring, has been considered as a magic moiety (wonder nucleus) which possesses almost all types of biological activities. This diversity in the biological response profile has attracted the attention of many researchers to explore this skeleton to its multiple potential against several activities. Present article is sincere attempt to review chemistry, method of synthesis of azatidinones and to study azatidinones synthesized in last few years which have shown potent antitubercular activity.
Radiological CT Patterns and Distribution of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillus, Non-Aspergillus, Cryptococcus and Pneumocystis Jirovecii Mold Infections – A Multicenter Study
Authors: Obmann Verena C. , Bickel Flurina , Hosek Nicola , Ebner Lukas , Huber Adrian T. , Damonti Lauro , Zimmerli Stefan , Christe Andreas 
Published: May 2021

Purpose Clinical signs and symptoms related to invasive fungal disease are nonspecific and need to be followed up by appropriate diagnostic procedures. The goal of this study was to analyze CT imaging patterns in invasive fungal infections and their correlation with the immune status and clinical outcome.
Materials and Methods We performed a retrospective multicenter study including 85 consecutive patients with invasive pulmonary fungal infection (2011–2014). Lung patterns on computed tomography (CT) scans were classified according to the Fleischner Society glossary. The patients were grouped according to immune status (neutropenia, steroid therapy, organ transplant recipient, and other cause) and outcome (positive outcome, progressive disease, and death). The Chi square test or Fisher exact test was used. Bonferroni correction was applied.
Results The total number of patients with invasive Aspergillus and non-Aspergillus infection (IANA), Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP), and Cryptococcus (CRY) was 60, 22, and 3, respectively. Patients with IANA demonstrated significantly more nodules (93 % vs. 59 %, p = 0.001), significantly fewer ground glass opacities (58 % vs. 96 %, p = 0.005), and significantly fewer positive lymph nodes (5 % vs. 41 %, p < 0.001) than patients with PCP. All patients with PCP and CRY had a favorable outcome. Patients with IANA and an adverse outcome demonstrated significantly more nodules with halo sign than patients with IANA and a favorable outcome (42.5 % vs. 15.9 %, p < 0.0001). Interestingly, patients with IANA and a favorable outcome had a higher prevalence of pulmonary infarction than patients with an adverse outcome (8 % vs. 1 %, p = 0.047). Patients with neutropenia showed significantly more consolidations (66 %) than organ transplant recipients (27 %, p = 0.045).
Conclusion Patients with IANA showed a higher prevalence of nodules and a lower prevalence of ground glass opacities than patients with PCP. In patients with IANA, nodules with halo sign were associated with an adverse outcome. Patients with neutropenia showed generally more consolidations, but the consolidations were not associated with an adverse outcome.
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Examining the Role of Exercise Timing in Weight Management: A
Review
Authors: Blankenship Jennifer M. , Rosenberg Rebecca C. , Rynders Corey A. , Melanson Edward L. , Catenacci Victoria A. , Creasy Seth A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMany adults cite exercise as a primary strategy for losing weight, yet exercise
alone is modestly effective for weight loss and results in variable weight loss
responses. It is possible that some of the variability in weight loss may be
explained by the time of day that exercise is performed. Few studies have
directly compared the effects of exercise performed at different times of the
day (i. e., morning versus evening exercise). Results from these
existing studies are mixed with some studies demonstrating superior weight and
fat mass loss from morning exercise, while other studies have found that evening
exercise may be better for weight management. Exercise timing may alter
modifiable lifestyle behaviors involved in weight management, such as
non-exercise physical activity, energy intake, and sleep. The purpose of this
review is to summarize evidence for and against time-of-day dependent effects of
exercise on weight management. Although limited, we also review studies that
have examined the effect of exercise timing on other lifestyle behaviors linked
to body weight regulation. While exercise at any time of day is beneficial for
health, understanding whether there is an optimal time of day to exercise may
advance personalized treatment paradigms for weight management.
C(sp3)–H Activation Enabled by (η3-Indolylmethyl)palladium Complexes: Synthesis of Monosubstituted Tetrahydrocarbazoles
Authors: Ramasastry S. S. V. , Kumar Ketan , Vivekanand T. , Singh Bara 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe synthesis of monosubstituted tetrahydrocarbazoles is achieved via the palladium-catalyzed formal [4+2] cycloaddition of 2-alkyl-3-indolylmethyl carbonates and monosubstituted olefins. The transformation demonstrates an unusual C(sp3)–H activation enabled by (η3-indolylmethyl)palladium complexes. The regioselectivity is found to be dependent on the nature of the substituent across the olefin component. Elaborate mechanistic studies are performed, and the synthetic utility of the products is also demonstrated.
Surgical Management of Gallstone Ileus in Low-Settings Hospital during COVID-19 Outbreak: A Case Report
Authors: Al-Abbasi Ghaith , Alhilfy Ali Adil , Al-Jasim Ameer 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Introduction Gallstone ileus is a very infrequent complication of cholelithiasis in which single or multiple stones pass through an abnormal fistula to the lumen of the intestine leading to a true mechanical obstruction. We are reporting a case of a female who developed intestinal obstruction due to gallstones during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak and was managed urgently surgically in a low-settings hospital.
Case Presentation An 85-year-old white female with 40 years history of gallstone disease, hypertension, and type-2 diabetes presented to the accidents and emergency unit with upper central crampy abdominal pain for 5 days associated with green color vomiting and absolute constipation. On examination, she was barely stable, dehydrated, had a distended abdomen, and guarding in the epigastric region. Her electrolytes were disturbed and had elevated serum creatinine and blood urea. Imaging studies confirmed gallstone ileus. Management was surgical despite the lack of facilities and equipment including COVID-19 personal protective equipment.
Conclusion Despite being an infrequent complication, gallstone ileus might present at the most unexpected time and in the least equipped hospital where the surgeon's suspicion, risk stratification, and improvisation by utilizing what is available are the keys for successful management and saving lives.
Analysis of Homeopathic Genus Epidemicus for COVID-19 Patients in Spain
Authors: Clapers Marc Lluís , Velat Manuela , Clapers Josep Maria , Vidal-Jové Joan , Mora Joan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background Homeopathy has had documented success treating epidemics in the last two centuries. We aimed to obtain a clear homeopathic clinical picture of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and postulate the genus epidemicus of the disease in order to inform and enhance future treatment and prophylaxis options.
Methods We conducted a prospective case series study, collecting data from 19 homeopaths in Catalonia, Spain, from patients who presented with fever and/or cough and/or breathlessness and/or confirmed COVID-19 infection or close contact with a confirmed case. We included 107 patients, and data were recorded through a checklist questionnaire on the day of the case analysis and at day 10–15 after commencing treatment. Symptoms were collected and analyzed with the help of homeopathic repertories.
Results A total of 103 cases were mild or moderate; four were severe. The severe cases were excluded from the analysis and the 103 mild and moderate cases were analyzed and a clear overall clinical picture with mental, general, and particular symptoms was achieved. Eighty-eight cases had a complete recorded follow-up. The most prescribed medicines were Bry, Ars, Phos and Gels, whilst those with the best rates of good response were Sulph, Puls and Bry. Time to full recovery after homeopathic treatment ranged from 3.5 to 14.4 days, depending on the medicine used. The potency 200c was associated with faster rates of full recovery and a lesser need to change remedy.
Conclusion We have defined the symptomatic homeopathic characteristics of mild and moderate COVID-19 in Spain and established a set of medicines that might be useful to consider as effective genus epidemicus.
Nicolau Syndrome: An Unforeseen Yet Evadable Consequence of Intramuscular Injection
Authors: Sasmal Prakash K. , Sahoo Ankit , Singh Pradeep Kumar , VS Vikram 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAn intramuscular (IM) injection is one of the common routes for administering drugs, commonly analgesics and vaccines. Nicolau syndrome refers to the rapid-onset painful, extensive cutaneous discoloration progressing to necrosis and ulceration, reported after IM injections. This case report highlights a rare but avoidable complication of such injections. An elderly man presented with extensive cutaneous necrosis and discoloration over the buttocks extending to the thigh, within few days after receiving a single shot of IM injection of diclofenac. Management involved wound care, biopsy, and cultures with supportive antibiotics to control superadded infection. After multiple sittings of extensive surgical debridement, the wound showed signs of healing and was ultimately amicable for skin grafting in a month.Health care workers need sensitization toward such a complication that can occur out of a routine procedure like an IM injection. They should follow standard IM injections techniques and take precautions to avoid this mishap, which adds to the patient's morbidity.
Endoscopic Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Authors: DeLong Colin G. , Winder Joshua S. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractGastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) occurs in up to 20% of the population. Effective management of the condition is essential to reduce both symptoms and the risk for dysplastic changes of esophageal mucosa. Although lifestyle and diet modification and proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) remain the standard of therapy, approximately 30% of patients experience persistent or recurrent symptoms with this therapy, which has been labeled PPI-refractory GERD. Surgical antireflux procedures have long been the standard therapy for PPI-refractory GERD, but drawbacks include cost and surgical morbidity. Endoscopic techniques for GERD management have been developed over the past 20 years including transoral incisionless fundoplication, the Stretta procedure, and antireflux mucosectomy. This article will review the current literature on each of these endoscopic procedures as well as highlight areas where further research is needed to fully understand the best practices for use of these endoscopic techniques for the management of PPI-refractory GERD.
Art films foster theory of mind
Authors: Castano Emanuele 
Published: May 2021

AbstractResearch shows that reading literary but not popular fiction enhances the Theory of Mind (ToM). This article builds on the symmetry between literary theory and film theory and investigates whether exposure to art films, but not Hollywood films, enhances ToM. Participants (N = 232) were randomly assigned to view either art or Hollywood films and then answered questions about the film and its characters before completing two separate measures of ToM (the Read the Mind in the Eyes Test and the Moral Judgement Task). Results showed that art film viewers scored higher on both ToM measures and that the effect was sequentially mediated by perception of complexity and predictability of the characters. The findings are discussed in the context of the emerging literature on the impact of fiction on social cognition.
Complex networks reveal emergent interdisciplinary knowledge in Wikipedia
Authors: Schwartz Gustavo A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn the last 2 decades, a great amount of work has been done on data mining and knowledge discovery using complex networks. These works have provided insightful information about the structure and evolution of scientific activity, as well as important biomedical discoveries. However, interdisciplinary knowledge discovery, including disciplines other than science, is more complicated to implement because most of the available knowledge is not indexed. Here, a new method is presented for mining Wikipedia to unveil implicit interdisciplinary knowledge to map and understand how different disciplines (art, science, literature) are related to and interact with each other. Furthermore, the formalism of complex networks allows us to characterise both individual and collective behaviour of the different elements (people, ideas, works) within each discipline and among them. The results obtained agree with well-established interdisciplinary knowledge and show the ability of this method to boost quantitative studies. Note that relevant elements in different disciplines that rarely directly refer to each other may nonetheless have many implicit connections that impart them and their relationship with new meaning. Owing to the large number of available works and to the absence of cross-references among different disciplines, tracking these connections can be challenging. This approach aims to bridge this gap between the large amount of reported knowledge and the limited human capacity to find subtle connections and make sense of them.