bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agrimonitor, herramienta del banco internacional de desarrollo para políticas agropecuarias en el ecuador.
Authors: Mogrovejo Lazo Alberto Esteban , Carabajo Alvear Román Florencio , Piedra Rivas María Cecilia 
Published: October 2021

Introducción. La agricultura es uno de los sectores económicos de mayor relevancia para los países de Latinoamérica, las políticas gubernamentales deben ir dirigidas en afianzar este sector agropecuario para la seguridad alimentaria de los países, con las debidas medidas de la protección del medio ambiente. El rol que cumple la agricultura en la dinamización económica de todos los países, es muy importante, y en el Ecuador no sólo porque constituye la forma de vida de millones de personas del campo ecuatoriano, sino también porque es un sector estratégico que contribuye directamente al desarrollo territorial rural, y por ende, al desarrollo económico y social del país. Revalorizar al productor campesino y reposicionar la agricultura y la vida rural es uno de los principales desafíos de continua evaluación de políticas. El Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID) ha creado una plataforma con datos agrícolas de los países de Latinoamérica - Agrimonitor -. Objetivo. El problema tratado en esta investigación es que el gobierno del Ecuador y sus exportadores de productos agrícolas deberían utilizar esta plataforma para poder dirigir de mejor manera su producción, el objetivo es hacer conocer esta herramienta y su manejo para el aprovechamiento del sector agropecuario del país. Metodología. El diseño de la investigación es cualitativo con el método de observación y lectura de documentos emitidos por el BID y obras relacionadas al tema del fortalecimiento de la producción agrícola en el país. Resultados y conclusiones. Se concluye que la herramienta Agrimonitor podría ser de gran importancia para las decisiones estatales en el ámbito agropecuario.
Cadena de suministros y su impacto en la calidad del sector carrocero de la provincia de Tungurahua
Authors: Almeida Chafla Bertha Andrea , Jiménez Castro Wilson Fernando 
Published: October 2021

En Ecuador existen una variedad de actividades que ayudan a la matriz productiva del país entre ellas las actividades de producción de carrocerías que tiene mayor auge en la provincia de Tungurahua, por lo que siempre buscan una logística integral que incluya planificación, organización y control de todas las actividades conexas con la recepción de materia prima, traslado y almacenamiento de productos, para satisfacer las necesidades y los requerimientos que la demanda requiere, de una manera rápida, eficiente y con los menores costos posibles. Objetivos: Identificar cómo influye la logística para alcanzar a obtener una cadena de suministros 4.0, analizar el impacto de la calidad en la competitividad del mercado carrocero. Metodología: El diseño de la investigación gira en base a un enfoque cuantitativo a más de un método descriptivo. La población estuvo conformada por 27 empresas carroceras de la provincia de Tungurahua, esta información se la menciona en base a la última información del año 2017, el cuestionario estuvo conformado por 14 ítems, el cuestionario para que tenga la validez requerida para esta investigación fue previamente aprobado por profesionales en temas relacionados con esta investigación. Aportes: El presente artículo busca identificar el origen de los diferentes procesos productivos por los cuales atraviesa un producto, así como su posterior logística con su entrega al consumidor final todo esto a la aplicación de la trazabilidad. Además del reconocimiento a las empresas carroceras de la provincia de Tungurahua que implementan la certificación de la norma ISO 9001 para crear técnicas estandarizadas y de esta manera mejorar su calidad competitiva y los atributos de los productos que ofertan en el mercado.
Prácticas del control previo para evitar corrupciones
Authors: Paula Alarcón Gema Viviana , Gallegos Santillán Doris Nataly 
Published: October 2021

En el Ecuador en los últimos años, se viene observando el cometimiento de actos de corrupción especialmente, en las contrataciones públicas que, en su mayoría se encuentran con sobreprecios, razón por la cual se plantea como Objetivos: Participar en los exámenes especiales de contratación de obra cierta, mediante el proceso de Licitación, habiendo confirmado que hubo sobreprecio, contrato que fue direccionado desde las autoridades y miembros del Comité de Contratación, utilizando horarios fuera de tiempo de atención al público; y el segundo, por Capacitación a pequeños y medianos agricultores, efectuado mediante Concurso Público de Ofertas de menor cuantía, demostrando el cumpliendo de las políticas de eficiencia, efectividad y economía, establecidas por la Contraloría General del Estado. Metodología: Aplica el método analítico por tener que, examinar en profundidad las características internas del objeto o fenómeno de estudio, definir y describir adecuadamente los problemas que fueron estudiados y analizados, para llegar a obtener los resultados esperados. Aportes: El presente artículo pretende demostrar que, mediante prácticas efectivas de control previo en las contrataciones públicas con la participación de la Contraloría General de la Nación, se puede evitar actos de corrupciones que, en la actualidad se ha vuelto de moda afectando directamente al erario nacional.
The Hard Facts on GP Contact Lens Care
Authors: Conway M. 
Published: October 2021

The article is designed to explain the various steps needed to be undertaken daily to keep gas permeable (GP) contact lenses clean, wettable, and free from pathogens that could cause ocular disease. It explains why the steps need to be performed and what the adverse consequences of failing to perform them might be.Translation of the article: Ruslan Tahaveev (Academy of Medical Optics and Optometry
Когнитивные нарушения при РАС. Проблемы маппинга и распознавания лиц
Authors: Д. Абугова Т. 
Published: October 2021

Редакция продолжает публикацию книги основателя метода цветокоррекции Иана Джордана (Ian Jordan) «Руководство для родителей по проблемам зрения при заболеваниях аутистического спектра».
A Microbial World: Could Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing Be Involved in Acute Respiratory Failure?
Authors: Huang Chunrong , Chen Hong , Ding Yongjie , Ma Xiaolong , Zhu Haixing , Zhang Shengxiong , Du Wei , Summah Hanssa Dwarka , Shi Guochao , Feng Yun 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundThe usefulness of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in identifying pathogens is being investigated. We aimed to compare the power of microbial identification between mNGS and various methods in patients with acute respiratory failure.MethodsWe reviewed 130 patients with respiratory failure, and 184 specimens including blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), sputum, pleural effusion, ascitic fluid, and urine were tested by mNGS and conventional methods (culture, PCR). We also enrolled 13 patients to evaluate the power of mNGS and pathogen targets NGS (ptNGS) in microbial identifications. Clinical features and microbes detected were analyzed.ResultsmNGS outperformed the conventional method in the positive detection rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) (OR, ∞; 95% CI, 1–∞; P &lt; 0.05), bacteria (OR, 3.7; 95% CI, 2.4–5.8; P &lt; 0.0001), fungi (OR, 4.37; 95% CI, 2.7–7.2; P &lt; 0.0001), mycoplasma (OR, 10.5; 95% CI, 31.8–115; P = 0.005), and virus (OR, ∞; 95% CI, 180.7–∞; P &lt; 0.0001). We showed that 20 patients (28 samples) were detected with Pneumocystis jirovecii (P. jirovecii) by mNGS, but not by the conventional method, and most of those patients were immunocompromised. Read numbers of Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), P. jirovecii, cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1) in BALF were higher than those in other sample types, and the read number of Candida albicans (C. albicans) in blood was higher than that in BALF. We found that orotracheal intubation and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were associated with a higher detection rate of bacteria and virus by mNGS, immunosuppression was associated with a higher detection rate of fungi and virus by mNGS, and inflammatory markers were associated with mNGS-positive detection rate of bacteria. In addition, we observed preliminary results of ptNGS.ConclusionmNGS outperformed the conventional method in the detection of MTB, bacteria, fungi, mycoplasma, and virus. Orotracheal intubation, T2DM, immunosuppression, and inflammatory markers were associated with a higher detection rate of bacteria, fungi, and virus by mNGS. In addition, ptNGS results were consistent with the detection of abundant bacteria, fungi, and mycoplasma in our specimens.
Faulting and Folding of the Transgressive Surface Offshore Ventura Records Deformational Events in the Holocene
Authors: Perea Hector , Ucarkus Gülsen , Driscoll Neal , Kent Graham , Levy Yuval , Rockwell Thomas 
Published: October 2021

Identifying the offshore thrust faults of the Western Transverse Ranges that could produce large earthquakes and seafloor uplift is essential to assess potential geohazards for the region. The Western Transverse Ranges in southern California are an E-W trending fold-and-thrust system that extends offshore west of Ventura. Using a high-resolution seismic CHIRP dataset, we have identified the Last Glacial Transgressive Surface (LGTS) and two Holocene seismostratigraphic units. Deformation of the LGTS, together with onlapping packages that exhibit divergence and rotation across the active structures, provide evidence for three to four deformational events with vertical uplifts ranging from 1 to 10 m. Based on the depth of the LGTS and the Holocene sediment thickness, age estimates for the deformational events reveal a good correlation with the onshore paleoseismological results for the Ventura-Pitas Point fault and the Ventura-Avenue anticline. The observed deformation along the offshore segments of the Ventura-Pitas Point fault and Ventura-Avenue anticline trend diminishes toward the west. Farther north, the deformation along the offshore Red Mountain anticline also diminishes to the west with the shortening stepping north onto the Mesa-Rincon Creek fault system. These observations suggest that offshore deformation along the fault-fold structures moving westward is systematically stepping to the north toward the hinterland. The decrease in the amount of deformation along the frontal structures towards the west corresponds to an increase in deformation along the hinterland fold systems, which could result from a connection of the fault strands at depth. A connection at depth of the northward dipping thrusts to a regional master detachment may explain the apparent jump of the deformation moving west, from the Ventura-Pitas Point fault and the Ventura-Avenue anticline to the Red Mountain anticline, and then, from the Red Mountain anticline to the Mesa-Rincon Creek fold system. Finally, considering the maximum vertical uplift estimated for events on these structures (max ∼10 m), along with the potential of a common master detachment that may rupture in concert, this system could generate a large magnitude earthquake (&gt;Mw 7.0) and a consequent tsunami.
Characteristics of Precipitation During Meiyu and Huang-Huai Rainy Seasons in Anhui Province of China
Authors: Zhou Yuliang , Zhou Ping , Zhang Yuliang , Wu Chengguo , Jin Juliang , Cui Yi , Ning Shaowei 
Published: October 2021

Based on the spatial distribution characteristics of the summer monsoon rain belt, Anhui Province of China is divided into three regions, namely, the south of the Yangtze River region (SYA), the Yangtze-Huai region (YHA), and the north of the Huaihe region (NHA). The western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) ridge and the number of regional rainy days are adopted to identify the onset and ending dates of Meiyu and Huang-Huai rainy seasons during 1957–2020, using China’s national standard on “Meiyu monitoring indices.” Then precipitation characteristics of these three regions during Meiyu and Huang-Huai rainy seasons are investigated. Finally, the return periods of the precipitation during the northward movement of summer monsoon over Anhui Province are calculated. The results show that there are 7 years without the occurrence of Huang-Huai rainy season, but 8 years with the occurrence of two Meiyu periods and 5 years with two Huang-Huai rainy periods. Thus, there is only one Meiyu period and one Huang-Huai rainy period in the rest 49 years. For the first Meiyu period during 1957–2020, the average onset and ending dates are 14th June and 10th July, respectively, while the corresponding precipitation presents a decreasing tendency from south to north regions in Anhui Province. For the first Huang-Huai rainy period during 1957–2020, the average onset and ending dates are 10th July and 23rd July, respectively, and the corresponding precipitation shows an increasing tendency from south to north regions. For the northward movement of summer monsoon over Anhui Province, the average onset and ending dates are 14th June and 25th July, respectively, and the corresponding precipitation in NHA is close to that in YHA, but less than that in SYA. Annual precipitation in SYA, YHA, and NHA are 999.5, 1010.6, and 618.7 mm, respectively, during the northward movement of summer monsoon over Anhui Province in 2020, and the corresponding return periods are 56.0, 161.6, and 29.2 years, respectively.
Association Between Age at Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Nationwide, Population-Based, Cohort Study
Authors: Hu Chunyan , Lin Lin , Zhu Yujing , Zhang Yi , Wang Shuangyuan , Zhang Jie , Qi Hongyan , Li Mian , Zhu Yuanyue , Huo Yanan , Wan Qin , Qin Yingfen , Hu Ruying , Shi Lixin , Su Qing , Yu Xuefeng , Yan Li , Qin Guijun , Tang Xulei , Chen Gang , Xu Min , Xu Yu , Wang Tiange , Zhao Zhiyun , Gao Zhengnan , Wang Guixia , Shen Feixia , Luo Zuojie , Chen Li , Li Qiang , Ye Zhen , Zhang Yinfei , Liu Chao , Wang Youmin , Yang Tao , Deng Huacong , Chen Lulu , Zeng Tianshu , Li Donghui , Zhao Jiajun , Mu Yiming , Bi Yufang , Wang Weiqing , Ning Guang , Wu Shengli , Chen Yuhong , Lu Jieli 
Published: October 2021

ObjectivesNationwide studies focusing on the impact of early-onset type 2 diabetes and obesity on the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are limited in China. We aimed to investigate the association between age at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and the risk of CVD, and to further examine the modifying effect of obesity on this association among Chinese adults.MethodsThis study included 23,961 participants with previously diagnosed diabetes from a large nationwide population-based cohort study across mainland China. With an interviewer-assisted questionnaire, we collected detailed information on CVDs. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk of CVDs associated with age at diagnosis of diabetes.ResultsCompared with patients with late-onset diabetes (≥60 years), those with earlier-onset diabetes had increased risks for CVD, with adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of 1.72 (1.36-2.17), 1.52 (1.31-1.75) and 1.33 (1.19-1.48) for patients diagnosed aged &lt;40, 40-49 and 50-59 years, respectively. Each 5-year earlier age at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes was significantly associated with 14% increased risk of CVD (OR, 1.14; 95%CI, 1.11-1.18). This association was more prominent for patients with obesity than those with normal body mass index (BMI). Significant interaction was detected between age at diagnosis and BMI categories on CVD risk (P for interaction=0.0457).ConclusionEarly-onset type 2 diabetes was significantly associated with higher risk of CVD, and this association was more prominent among patients with obesity.
Myeloid Clonal Infiltrate Identified With Next-Generation Sequencing in Skin Lesions Associated With Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia: A Case Series
Authors: Martin de Frémont Grégoire , Hirsch Pierre , Gimenez de Mestral Santiago , Moguelet Philippe , Ditchi Yoan , Emile Jean-François , Senet Patricia , Georgin-Lavialle Sophie , Hanslik Thomas , Maurier François , Adedjouma Amir , Abisror Noémie , Mahevas Thibault , Malard Florent , Adès Lionel , Fenaux Pierre , Fain Olivier , Chasset François , Mekinian Arsène 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundMyelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) are associated with cutaneous manifestations. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is a tool capable of identifying clonal myeloid cells in the skin infiltrate and thus better characterize the link between hematological diseases and skin lesions.ObjectiveTo assess whether skin lesions of MDS/CMML are clonally related to blood or bone marrow cells using NGS.MethodsComparisons of blood or bone marrow and skin samples NGS findings from patients presenting with MDS/CMML and skin lesions in three French hospitals.ResultsAmong the 14 patients recruited, 12 patients (86%) had mutations in the skin lesions biopsied, 12 patients (86%) had a globally similar mutational profile between blood/bone marrow and skin, and 10 patients (71%) had mutations with a high variant allele frequency (&gt;10%) found in the myeloid skin infiltrate. Mutations in TET2 and DNMT3A, both in four patients, were the most frequent. Two patients harbored a UBA1 mutation on hematopoietic samples.LimitationsLimited number of patients and retrospective collection of the data. Blood and skin sampling were not performed at the exact same time point for two patients.ConclusionSkin lesions in the setting of MDS/CMML are characterized by a clonal myeloid infiltrate in most cases.
Interaction Between Chronic Endometritis Caused Endometrial Microbiota Disorder and Endometrial Immune Environment Change in Recurrent Implantation Failure
Authors: Chen Peigen , Chen Panyu , Guo Yingchun , Fang Cong , Li Tingting 
Published: October 2021

ObjectiveTo investigate the Interaction between chronic endometritis (CE) caused endometrial microbiota disorder and endometrial immune environment change in recurrent implantation failure (RIF).MethodTranscriptome sequencing analysis of the endometrial of 112 patients was preform by using High-Throughput Sequencing. The endometrial microbiota of 43 patients was analyzed by using 16s rRNA sequencing technology.ResultIn host endometrium, CD4 T cell and macrophage exhibited significant differences abundance between CE and non-CE patients. The enrichment analysis indicated differentially expressed genes mainly enriched in immune-related functional terms. Phyllobacterium and Sphingomonas were significantly high infiltration in CE patients, and active in pathways related to carbohydrate metabolism and/or fat metabolism. The increased synthesis of lipopolysaccharide, an important immunomodulator, was the result of microbial disorders in the endometrium.ConclusionThe composition of endometrial microorganisms in CE and non-CE patients were significantly different. Phyllobacterium and Sphingomonas mainly regulated immune cells by interfering with the process of carbohydrate metabolism and/or fat metabolism in the endometrium. CE endometrial microorganisms might regulate Th17 response and the ratio of Th1 to Th17 through lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
Risk Factors for Non-arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy: A Large Scale Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liu Bing , Yu Ying , Liu Wen , Deng Tuo , Xiang Daoman 
Published: October 2021

Objective: We conducted a meta-analysis to explore all the potential risk factors for non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) based on the published literature.Methods: A comprehensive literature search through the online databases was performed to obtain studies concerning the risk factors of NAION up to June 2020. Pooled unadjusted odds ratios (ORs) or rate ratios (RRs) were calculated to evaluate the weight of risk factors. This study was registered in PROSPERO under the number CRD42018084960.Results: Our meta-analysis included 49 original studies comprising of more than 10 million patients. The following risk factors were proved to be significantly associated with NAION: male gender (OR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.50–1.85, P &lt; 0.00001), hypertension (RR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.20–1.37, P &lt; 0.00001), hyperlipidemia (RR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.26–1.62, P &lt; 0.00001), diabetes mellitus (DM) (RR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.36–1.73, P &lt; 0.00001), coronary heart disease (CHD) (RR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.24–2.27, P = 0.0008), sleep apnea (RR = 3.28, 95% CI: 2.08–5.17, P &lt; 0.00001), factor V Leiden heterozygous (RR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.19–4.09, P = 0.01), and medication history of cardiovascular drugs.Conclusion: We concluded that the above risk factors were significantly related to NAION. Better understanding of these risk factors in NAION can help the direct therapeutic approaches.
Diagnosability of Keratoconus Using Deep Learning With Placido Disk-Based Corneal Topography
Authors: Kamiya Kazutaka , Ayatsuka Yuji , Kato Yudai , Shoji Nobuyuki , Mori Yosai , Miyata Kazunori 
Published: October 2021

Purpose:Placido disk-based corneal topography is still most commonly used in daily practice. This study was aimed to evaluate the diagnosability of keratoconus using deep learning of a color-coded map with Placido disk-based corneal topography.Methods:We retrospectively examined 179 keratoconic eyes [Grade 1 (54 eyes), 2 (52 eyes), 3 (23 eyes), and 4 (50 eyes), according to the Amsler-Krumeich classification], and 170 age-matched healthy eyes, with good quality images of corneal topography measured with a Placido disk corneal topographer (TMS-4TM, Tomey). Using deep learning of a color-coded map, we evaluated the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, for keratoconus screening and staging tests, in these eyes.Results:Deep learning of color-coded maps exhibited an accuracy of 0.966 (sensitivity 0.988, specificity 0.944) in discriminating keratoconus from normal eyes. It also exhibited an accuracy of 0.785 (0.911 for Grade 1, 0.868 for Grade 2, 0.920 for Grade 3, and 0.905 for Grade 4) in classifying the stage. The area under the curve value was 0.997, 0.955, 0.899, 0.888, and 0.943 as Grade 0 (normal) to 4 grading tests, respectively.Conclusions:Deep learning using color-coded maps with conventional corneal topography effectively distinguishes between keratoconus and normal eyes and classifies the grade of the disease, indicating that this will become an aid for enhancing the diagnosis and staging ability of keratoconus in a clinical setting.
New Approaches in the Classification and Prognosis of Sign Clusters on Pulmonary CT Images in Patients With Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis
Authors: Song Qisheng , Guo Xiaohong , Zhang Liling , Yang Lianjun , Lu Xiwei 
Published: October 2021

Background: To date, radiographic sign clusters of multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients have not been reported. We conducted a study to investigate the classification and prognosis of sign clusters in pulmonary Computed Tomography (CT) images from patients with MDR-TB for the first time by using principal component analysis (PCA).Methods: The clinical data and pulmonary CT findings of 108 patients with MDR-TB in the Liupanshui Third Hospital were collected (from January 2018 to December 2020). PCA was used to analyze the sign clusters on pulmonary CT, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to analyze the predictive value of the treatment outcome of MDR-TB patients.Results: Six cluster signs of MDR-TB were determined by PCA: nodules, infiltration, consolidation, cavities, destroyed lung and non-active lesions. Nine months after treatment, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of MDR-TB patients with a cavity sign cluster was 0.818 (95% CI: 0.733–0.886), and the positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of the treatment outcome were 79.6% (95% CI: 65.7–89.8%) and 72.9% (95% CI: 59.7–83.6%), respectively.Conclusion: PCA plays an important role in the classification of sign groups on pulmonary CT images of MDR-TB patients, and the sign clusters obtained from PCA are of great significance in predicting the treatment outcome.