bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blackening Aesthetic Experience
Authors: Whittaker Nicholas 
Published: August 2021

AbstractContemporary philosophy of art generally assumes that aesthetic experience is constituted by a certain ontological-phenomenological structure: the apprehension by a subject of an object. This article explores an underexamined critique of this philosophical model found within the black intellectual and artistic tradition. I will specifically focus on the version of this critique proposed by the similarly underexamined black philosophers Adrian Piper and Fred Moten. This critique, which I dub the subjectivizing concern, takes issue with the notion of ontological distance that I argue defines the subject-object model. I define ontological distance as the removal and alienation of the subject’s fundamental sense of self from that of so-called objects. The subjectivizing concern holds that this distance is not value neutral. Rather, the subject-object model is considered to be directly entwined with projects and practices of aesthetic and extraesthetic racism and antiblackness. After offering Piper’s own model of aesthetic experience—which she dubs catalysis—as an alternative, I propose three possible ways in which the subject-object model can be conceived as tied to antiblack racism.
Carbapenemase production among less-common Enterobacterales genera: 10 US sites, 2018
Authors: Shugart Alicia , Mahon Garrett , Huang Jennifer Y , Karlsson Maria , Valley Ann , Lasure Megan , Gross Annastasia , Pattee Brittany , Vaeth Elisabeth , Brooks Richard , Maruca Tyler , Dominguez Catherine E , Torpey David , Francis Drew , Bhattarai Rachana , Kainer Marion A , Chan Allison , Dubendris Heather , Greene Shermalyn R , Blosser Sara J , Shannon D J , Jones Kelly , Brennan Brenda , Hun Sopheay , D’Angeli Marisa , Murphy Caitlin N , Tierney Maureen , Reese Natashia , Bhatnagar Amelia , Kallen Alex , Brown Allison C , Spalding Walters Maroya 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Historically, United States’ carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) surveillance and mechanism testing focused on three genera: Escherichia, Klebsiella, and Enterobacter (EsKE); however, other genera can harbour mobile carbapenemases associated with CRE spread.

Objectives
From January through May 2018, we conducted a 10 state evaluation to assess the contribution of less common genera (LCG) to carbapenemase-producing (CP) CRE.

Methods
State public health laboratories (SPHLs) requested participating clinical laboratories submit all Enterobacterales from all specimen sources during the surveillance period that were resistant to any carbapenem (Morganellaceae required resistance to doripenem, ertapenem, or meropenem) or were CP based on phenotypic or genotypic testing at the clinical laboratory. SPHLs performed species identification, phenotypic carbapenemase production testing, and molecular testing for carbapenemases to identify CP-CRE. Isolates were categorized as CP if they demonstrated phenotypic carbapenemase production and ≥1 carbapenemase gene (blaKPC, blaNDM, blaVIM, blaIMP, or blaOXA-48-like) was detected.

Results
SPHLs tested 868 CRE isolates, 127 (14.6%) were from eight LCG. Overall, 195 (26.3%) EsKE isolates were CP-CRE, compared with 24 (18.9%) LCG isolates. LCG accounted for 24 (11.0%) of 219 CP-CRE identified. Citrobacter spp. was the most common CP-LCG; the proportion of Citrobacter that were CP (11/42, 26.2%) was similar to the proportion of EsKE that were CP (195/741, 26.3%). Five of 24 (20.8%) CP-LCG had a carbapenemase gene other than blaKPC.

Conclusions
Participating sites would have missed approximately 1 in 10 CP-CRE if isolate submission had been limited to EsKE genera. Expanding mechanism testing to additional genera could improve detection and prevention efforts.
Analysis of the effect of oil inlet size on the static performance characteristics of non-Newtonian lubricated hole-entry hybrid journal bearings
Authors: Cao Haiyin , Huang Yu , Rong Youmin , Wu Hao , Guo Minghui 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this study, the influence of inlet pocket size on the static performance of non-Newtonian lubricated hole-entry hybrid journal bearings is theoretically analyzed. The oil film of the bearing is discretized into a nonuniform mesh containing the geometric characteristics of the oil inlet pocket, and the inlet pocket is treated as a micro-oil recess. The Reynolds equation is solved by the finite element method based on Galerkin's techniques, and a new solution strategy to solve the recess/pocket pressure is proposed. The power-law model is used to introduce the non-Newtonian effect. The results show that the static performance characteristics of this type of bearing are greatly affected by the pocket size at both zero speed and high speed.
Successful laparoscopic removal of ovarian borderline cystadenoma in patient with multiorgan hemangioma and ventriculoperitoneal shunt: a case report and literature review
Authors: Zhang Chenyi , Jing Xinhui 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
As medical diagnosis and treatment level improved, patients with ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) live longer and may develop conditions that need laparoscopic surgery. The safety of laparoscopy in patients with VPS continues to be challenged due to pneumoperitoneum. Here, we report a patient with medical history of VPS and hemangioma, diagnosed with ovarian borderline mucinous cystadenoma, received laparoscopic surgery in supine position and 10 mmHg pneumoperitoneum pressure, in which no clamping or externalizing catheter, no perioperative or postoperative complications. We also present a literature review and discuss the precautions needing considering during laparoscopy. For patients with VPS, laparoscopic surgery can be recognized as a potentially safe and feasible procedure.
Jewish Orthodoxy’s First Rabbinical Conference
Authors: Keren-Kratz Menachem 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The early stages in the formation of the movement that would subsequently become known as Jewish Orthodoxy have been well researched. This article, however, reviews the circumstances around a specific episode, a rabbinical conference held in Paks, Hungary, in 1844. The review of this failed conference opens the door for a discussion on three key questions related to the understanding of Jewish Orthodoxy: (a) Why were the Hungarian rabbis the first to react to religious reforms? (b) Why did they become so instrumental in the establishment of Jewish Orthodoxy? and (c) Why, despite this, Orthodoxy practically lost the war against modernism, religious reforms, and secularism.
Analyzing the reasons for the conference’s failure suggests that Jewish Orthodoxy, which is committed to a traditionalist worldview, contains a major intrinsic flaw. Hailing conservatism also implies rejecting initiatives based on modern modes of operation. This, however, undermined Jewish Orthodoxy’s capability to swiftly and decisively confront the numerous social and religious challenges it has faced since the early nineteenth century. The Paks conference was convened in response to several conferences of modernized rabbis that led to the establishment of the Reform Movement; its failure allowed the Reform movement to expand without any significant resistance on behalf of the more conservative rabbis, who remained unorganized for many years.
Peculiar velocities in the local Universe: comparison of different models and the implications for H0 and dark matter
Authors: Boruah Supranta S , Hudson Michael J , Lavaux Guilhem 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
When measuring the value of the Hubble parameter, H0, it is necessary to know the recession velocity free of the effects of peculiar velocities. In this work, we study different models of peculiar velocity in the local Universe. In particular, we compare models based on density reconstruction from galaxy redshift surveys and kernel smoothing of peculiar velocity data. The velocity field from the density reconstruction is obtained using the 2M++ galaxy redshift compilation, which is compared to two adaptive kernel-smoothed velocity fields: the first obtained from the 6dF Fundamental Plane sample and the other using a Tully–Fisher catalogue obtained by combining SFI++ and 2MTF. We highlight that smoothed velocity fields should be rescaled to obtain unbiased velocity estimates. Comparing the predictions of these models to the observations from a few test sets of peculiar velocity data, obtained from the Second Amendment Supernovae catalogue and the Tully–Fisher catalogues, we find that 2M++ reconstruction provides a better model of the peculiar velocity in the local Universe than the kernel-smoothed peculiar velocity models. We study the impact of peculiar velocities on the measurement of H0 from gravitational waves and megamasers. In doing so, we introduce a probabilistic framework to marginalize over the peculiar velocity corrections along the line of sight. For the megamasers, we find H0 = 70.1 ± 2.9 km s−1 Mpc−1 using the 2M++ velocity field. We also study the peculiar velocity of the galaxy NGC 1052-DF2, concluding that a short ∼13 Mpc distance is not a likely explanation of the anomalously low dark matter fraction of that galaxy.
Sequence specific integration by the family 1 casposase from CandidatusNitrosopumilus koreensis AR1
Authors: Wang Xiaoke , Yuan Qinling , Zhang Wenxuan , Ji Suyu , Lv Yang , Ren Kejing , Lu Meiling , Xiao Yibei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCasposase, a homolog of Cas1 integrase, is encoded by a superfamily of mobile genetic elements known as casposons. While family 2 casposase has been well documented in both function and structure, little is known about the other three casposase families. Here, we studied the family 1 casposase lacking the helix-turn-helix (HTH) domain from Candidatus Nitrosopumilus koreensis AR1 (Ca. N. koreensis). The determinants for integration by Ca. N. koreensis casposase were extensively investigated, and it was found that a 13-bp target site duplication (TSD) sequence, a minimal 3-bp leader and three different nucleotides of the TSD sequences are indispensable for target specific integration. Significantly, the casposase can site-specifically integrate a broad range of terminal inverted repeat (TIR)-derived oligonucleotides ranging from 7-nt to ∼4000-bp, and various oligonucleotides lacking the 5′-TTCTA-3′ motif at the 3′ end of TIR sequence can be integrated efficiently. Furthermore, similar to some Cas1 homologs, the casposase utilizes a 5′-ATAA-3′ motif in the TSD as a molecular ruler to dictate nucleophilic attack at 9-bp downstream of the end of the ruler during the spacer-side integration. By characterizing the family 1 Ca. N. koreensis casposase, we have extended our understanding on mechanistic similarities and evolutionary connections between casposons and the adaptation elements of CRISPR-Cas immunity.
Low tumor cell content predicts favorable prognosis in germinoma patients
Authors: Takami Hirokazu , Satomi Kaishi , Fukuoka Kohei , Fukushima Shintaro , Matsushita Yuko , Yamasaki Kai , Nakamura Taishi , Tanaka Shota , Mukasa Akitake , Saito Nobuhito , Suzuki Tomonari , Yanagisawa Takaaki , Nakamura Hideo , Sugiyama Kazuhiko , Tamura Kaoru , Maehara Taketoshi , Nakada Mitsutoshi , Nonaka Masahiro , Asai Akio , Yokogami Kiyotaka , Takeshima Hideo , Iuchi Toshihiko , Kanemura Yonehiro , Kobayashi Keiichi , Nagane Motoo , Kurozumi Kazuhiko , Yoshimoto Koji , Matsuda Masahide , Matsumura Akira , Hirose Yuichi , Tokuyama Tsutomu , Kumabe Toshihiro , Narita Yoshitaka , Shibui Soichiro , Nakazato Yoichi , Nishikawa Ryo , Matsutani Masao , Ichimura Koichi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Germinoma preferentially occurs in pediatric and young adult age groups. Although they are responsive to treatment with chemotherapy and radiation, the treatment may cause long-term sequelae in their later lives. Here, we searched for clinical and histopathological features to predict the prognosis of germinoma and affect treatment response.

Methods
A total of 114 germinoma cases were included in the analysis. We investigated the association between clinical factors, tumor cell content, and progression-free survival (PFS).

Results
The tumor cell content was widely distributed from &lt;5% to 90% in the specimens, with a median value of 50%. Female patients showed higher tumor cell content in the specimens (P = .002). Cases with lesions at atypical sites showed shorter PFS than those with lesions at other sites (P = .03). Patients with a higher tumor cell content (≥50%) showed shorter PFS than those with a lower tumor cell content (&lt;50%) (P = .03). In multivariate analysis, tumor cell content was the only statistically significant prognostic factor (P = .04). Among the 7 cases treated with local radiation and chemotherapy, all 3 cases that recurred (2 outside of the radiation field, 1 unknown) had tumor cell content of ≥50% in the original specimen, whereas all 4 cases without recurrence had tumor cell contents of &lt;50%.

Conclusions
We found that tumor cell content significantly affected the prognosis of germinomas. Although validation of these results using an independent and larger cohort is necessary, this potentially opens the possibility of leveraging this pathological factor in future clinical trials when stratifying the treatment intensity.
Post-ingestion conversion of dietary indoles into anticancer agents
Authors: Lin Li Ping , Liu Dan , Qian Jia Cheng , Wu Liang , Zhao Quan , Tan Ren Xiang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
There are health benefits from consuming cruciferous vegetables that release indole-3-carbinol (I3C), but the in vivo transformation of I3C-related indoles remains underinvestigated. Here we detail the post-ingestion conversion of I3C into antitumor agents, 2-(indol-3-ylmethyl)-3,3′-diindolylmethane (LTr1) and 3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM), by conceptualizing and materializing the reaction flux derailing (RFD) approach as a means of unraveling these stepwise transformations to be non-enzymatic but pH-dependent and gut microbe-sensitive. In the upper (or acidic) gastrointestinal tract, LTr1 is generated through Michael addition of 3-methyleneindolium (3MI, derived in situ from I3C) to DIM produced from I3C via the formaldehyde-releasing (major) and CO2-liberating (minor) pathways. In the large intestine, ‘endogenous’ I3C and DIM can form, respectively, from couplings of formaldehyde with one and two molecules of indole (a tryptophan catabolite). Acid-producing gut bacteria such as Lactobacillus acidophilus facilitate the H+-promotable steps. This work updates our understanding of the merits of I3C consumption and identifies LTr1 as a drug candidate.
Divergence equations and uniqueness theorem of static spacetimes with conformal scalar hair
Authors: Shinohara Takeshi , Tomikawa Yoshimune , Izumi Keisuke , Shiromizu Tetsuya 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We reexamine the Israel-type proof of the uniqueness theorem of the static spacetime outside the photon surface in the Einstein-conformal scalar system. We derive in a systematic fashion a new divergence identity which plays a key role in the proof. Our divergence identity includes three parameters, allowing us to give a new proof of the uniqueness.
Integrin αvβ3-targeted polydopamine-coated gold nanostars for photothermal ablation therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Li Yang , Hu Ping , Wang Xiali , Hou Xu , Liu Fengzhen , Jiang Xiaohong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Photothermal therapy (PTT) has emerged as a promising cancer therapeutic method. In this study, Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide-conjugated polydopamine-coated gold nanostars (Au@PDA-RGD NPs) were prepared for targeting PTT of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A polydopamine (PDA) shell was coated on the surface of gold nanostars by the oxidative self-polymerization of dopamine (termed as Au@PDA NPs). Au@PDA NPs were further functionalized with polyethylene glycol and RGD peptide to improve biocompatibility as well as selectivity toward the HCC cells. Au@PDA-RGD NPs showed an intense absorption at 822 nm, which makes them suitable for near-infrared-excited PTT. Our results indicated that the Au@PDA-RGD NPs were effective for the PTT therapy of the αVβ3 integrin receptor-overexpressed HepG2 cells in vitro. Further antitumor mechanism studies showed that the Au@PDA-RGD NPs-based PTT induced human liver cancer cells death via the mitochondrial–lysosomal and autophagy pathways. In vivo experiments showed that Au@PDA-RGD NPs had excellent tumor treatment efficiency and negligible side effects. Thus, our study showed that Au@PDA-RGD NPs could offer an excellent nanoplatform for PTT of HCC.
Psychosocial impact of ocular surface allergic inflammatory disorders
Authors: Mendelson Sivanne , Quintanilla Jaime , Norris Matthew R. , Bielory Leonard 
Published: August 2021

Purpose of review
Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis is one of the most common ocular surface allergic inflammatory conditions seen in primary care that impacts patient's quality of life. Allergic conjunctivitis is increasingly being recognized as its own symptom complex that negatively impacts patient's quality of life separate from allergic rhinitis. This article reviews the psychosocial impact of ocular surface allergic inflammatory disorders (namely seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, ocular allergy, perennial allergic conjunctivitis, and atopic keratoconjunctivitis) on adult and pediatric populations.

Recent findings
Despite the perception that allergic conjunctivitis is a trivial condition, it imposes a burden on numerous psychosocial aspects of life for adolescents and adults. Several questionnaires specific to rhinoconjunctivitis have been found to be effective tools at gauging quality of life (QoL) and communicating impairments in specific behavioral domains for adult and pediatric populations. An emerging focus on the role of hormone fluctuations and age on ocular surface allergic inflammation underscores the importance of nuancing the physiologic effects on ocular allergy and QoL at every decade of life.

Summary
Further exploration and research of symptoms by age would greatly improve our understanding of age's impact on QoL in these patients and contribute to improved management of allergic conjunctivitis.
The effect of hormone therapy on breast density following risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy in women with an increased risk for breast and ovarian cancer
Authors: van Barele Mark , Buis Chistien C.M. , Brood-van Zanten Monique M.A. , van Doorn H. (Lena) C. , Gaarenstroom Katja N. , Heemskerk-Gerritsen Bernadette A.M. , Hooning Maartje J. , de Hullu Joanne , Mourits Marian J. , Burger Curt W. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective:
To compare the effect of tibolone to conjugated estrogens with medroxyprogesterone-acetate (CEE + MPA) on breast density, as a predictor for breast cancer risk, in women with a high risk of breast and ovarian cancer.

Methods:
Women aged 30-50 (N = 114) who had undergone risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) were randomized to tibolone or CEE + MPA.

Results:
Breast density decreased 46% after RRSO in untreated women, 39% after treatment with tibolone, and 17% after treatment with CEE + MPA; the decrease in breast density after CEE + MPA was significantly different compared with that of untreated women (P = 0.017).

Conclusions:
A decline in breast density is seen after premenopausal RRSO despite the use of both CEE + MPA or tibolone, although lower breast density is seen after tibolone use.
Autoantibodies in Patients With Immune-Related Adverse Events From Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Ghosh Nilasha , Chan Karmela K. , Jivanelli Bridget , Bass Anne R. 
Published: August 2021

Background
Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are sometimes associated with autoantibodies, but we do not know how frequently or whether these autoantibodies are present before ICI initiation. Our aim was to determine the positivity rate of autoantibodies in patients with organ-specific ICI-associated irAEs and determine their value as pretreatment biomarkers.

Methods
We searched for all English, peer-reviewed publications from MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library through February 20, 2020, and included any publication describing patients with irAEs and reporting results of any autoantibody investigation. Three reviewers independently extracted data, and 1 reviewer verified all data for accuracy and quality of reporting.

Results
We identified 515 publications. Most reports described endocrine, rheumatic, gastrointestinal/hepatic, and myositis/myasthenia/myocarditis irAEs. Autoantibodies were present in close to 50% of patients with ICI-associated endocrinopathies. Anti-BP180 was found in more than 50% of patients with skin irAEs. Antibodies were also common in patients with the triad of myositis/myasthenia/myocarditis including striational antibodies (49%), acetylcholine receptor antibodies (40%), and myositis-associated antibodies (27%). Only 11% of patients with arthritis had either rheumatoid factor or cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, and only 30% of patients with sicca had Sjögren antibodies. Autoantibodies were also relatively uncommon in patients with hepatitis (antinuclear antibody, 18%) and colitis (perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, 19%). Some cohort studies analyzing pre-ICI seropositivity suggest there may be a role for autoantibodies as biomarkers of irAEs.

Conclusions
Reported autoantibody positivity is high in irAEs involving the endocrine organs, skin, and muscle, but lower in irAEs affecting other organ systems. Autoantibody investigations in pre-ICI treatment patients have yielded mixed results regarding their utility as a biomarker of irAEs.
How Deviation of Nasal Septum Affects Nasal Appearance in Unilateral Cleft Patients: A Study Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Cao Haotian , Liu Xiao-Lin , Tsauo Chialing , Zheng Qian , Shi Bing , Wang Hu , Li Cheng-Hao 
Published: August 2021

Aim:
To quantitatively evaluate the relationship between nasal appearance and nasal septum deviation in unilateral complete cleft patients using cone-beam computed tomography.
Method: Cone-beam computed tomography images of 180 patients with unilateral cleft lip/palate from June 2014 to June 2017 were used in the study. None of the subjects had undergone septoplasty. The data were compared between the 2 groups to elucidate the relationship between nasal appearance and deviated nasal septum in unilateral complete cleft patients.

Results:
The mean age of a total of 180 patients (126 males and 54 females) was 14.58 years, with a standard deviation of 7.10 years, ranged from 6 years old to 49 years old. Columella nasi symmetry parameters show slight positive significant association with angle of nasal septal deviation on transerve plan (r = 0.250, P < 0.001), TRSD (r = 0.323, P < 0.001) and coronal range of nasal septal deviation (r = 0.294, P < 0.001), and moderate positive significant association with coronal angle about septal deviation (r = 0.404, P < 0.001)

Conclusions:
Columella nasi symmetry affected by septal deviation, whereas there is lack of evidence to say symmetry of nasal tip and base affected by septal deviation. The symmetry of nasal tip and alar base are not just determined by nasal septum deviation. The nasal septum deviation show difference in different cleft type.
Cleft Nasal Stent Production Using Three-Dimensional Scanning and Printing Technology
Authors: Yeo Melissa , Por Yong Chen , Goh Aik Wei 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In most cleft centers worldwide, nasal stents are routinely used in the postoperative period to prevent collapse of the lower lateral cartilage and maintain the shape of the nostrils as well as nasal alar. Prefabricated nasal stents are expensive and do not offer options for customization. In this paper, we introduce a cost-effective technique for manufacturing nasal stents using three-dimensional scanning and printing technology.