bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decision Making Under Model Uncertainty: Fréchet–Wasserstein Mean Preferences
Authors: Petracou Electra V. , Xepapadeas Anastasios , Yannacopoulos Athanasios N. 
Published: July 2021

This paper contributes to the literature on decision making under multiple probability models by studying a class of variational preferences. These preferences are defined in terms of Fréchet mean utility functionals, which are based on the Wasserstein metric in the space of probability models. In order to produce a measure that is the “closest” to all probability models in the given set, we find the barycenter of the set. We derive explicit expressions for the Fréchet–Wasserstein mean utility functionals and show that they can be expressed in terms of an expansion that provides a tractable link between risk aversion and ambiguity aversion. The proposed utility functionals are illustrated in terms of two applications. The first application allows us to define the social discount rate under model uncertainty. In the second application, the functionals are used in risk securitization. The barycenter in this case can be interpreted as the model that maximizes the probability that different decision makers will agree on, which could be useful for designing and pricing a catastrophe bond. This paper was accepted by Manel Baucells, decision analysis.
Characterization of Nutrients and Pilot Biofertilizer Production from Food Waste and Dairy Manure Digestates
Authors: Barzee Tyler J. , Edalati Abdolhossein , Rapport Joshua L. , El-Mashad Hamed M. , Zhang Ruihong 
Published: July 2021

HighlightsN, P, Ca, and Mg were mainly localized to fine digestate solids (0.45 µm to 1 mm).50% to 60% of NH4+-N was found in digestate solids between 0.45 and 75 µm.K and Na were mainly transferred to the ultrafiltration permeate (&lt;0.45 µm).Mixing of coarse and fine solids can optimize nutrient and salt ratios in products.Abstract. Food waste and dairy manure digestates from commercial digesters were characterized in the lab for particle and nutrient distributions before pilot-scale processing (vibratory screen, ultrafiltration, sun drying) to produce solid and liquid biofertilizer products. Experimental results showed that the elemental compositions of the two digestates were different but shared similarities. The coarse solids of both digestates had lower concentrations of nutrients than the liquid fractions, which contained most of the K and Na. The dairy manure digestate had a higher amount of fine solids between 0.4 and 75 µm than the food waste digestate, but the majority of TKN was contained in the fine solids of both digestates. An optimization analysis concluded that optimal combinations of digestate fractions included over 70% coarse solids to obtain desired nutrient and salt ratios. The solid and liquid fertilizer products derived from the pilot-scale processing were similar to those expected from the lab-scale investigation. Keywords: Biofertilizer formulation, Digestate, Nutrient distribution, Pilot-scale processing, Ultrafiltration, Value-added products.
Design of a Buffered Longitudinal Vibratory Picking Mechanism for Berry Shrub Fruits
Authors: Chen Jiayao , Wang Ying , Liang Dongtai , Xu Wenhao , Chen Yang 
Published: July 2021

HighlightsA spring buffering system was added to a longitudinal vibration picking mechanism for berry shrub fruits.Vibration models of the picking part and side branch were established to obtain the vibration relationship.Blueberry picking experiments were conducted to verify the performance of the picking mechanism.Abstract. Current berry shrub picking mechanisms are generally rigid structures, which can easily cause the mechanism to jam and produce rigid impacts, damaging the berry shrub branches. In view of this situation, a longitudinal vibratory picking mechanism for berry shrub fruits is proposed in this study with a spring system added to provide a buffering effect. Vibration models were established for the picking part and for the berry shrub side branch, and analysis was performed to obtain the vibration relationships. Using blueberry as an example, suitable parameters were determined through calculation and then used in blueberry picking experiments with a prototype of the picking mechanism. The experiments verified that the vibration frequency calculated with the vibration relationships can meet the requirements for picking, and the performance of the longitudinal vibratory picking mechanism for berry shrub fruits was verified. Keywords: Berry shrub picking, Buffer, Longitudinal vibration, Vibration analysis.
Estimation of Corn Emergence Date Using UAV Imagery
Authors: Vong Chin Nee , Stewart Stirling A. , Zhou Jianfeng , Kitchen Newell R. , Sudduth Kenneth A. 
Published: July 2021

HighlightsUAV imagery can be used to characterize newly-emerged corn plants.Size and shape features used in a random forest model are able to predict days after emergence within a 3-day window.Diameter and area were important size features for predicting DAE for the first, second, and third week of emergence.Abstract. Assessing corn (Zea mays L.) emergence uniformity soon after planting is important for relating to grain production and making replanting decisions. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery has been used for determining corn densities at vegetative growth stage 2 (V2) and later, but not as a tool for quantifying emergence date. The objective of this study was to estimate days after corn emergence (DAE) using UAV imagery and a machine learning method. A field experiment was designed with four planting depths to obtain a range of corn emergence dates. UAV imagery was collected during the first, second, and third weeks after emergence. Acquisition height was approximately 5 m above ground level, which resulted in a ground sampling distance of 1.5 mm pixel-1. Seedling size and shape features derived from UAV imagery were used for DAE classification based on a random forest machine learning model. Results showed that 1-day DAE could be distinguished based on image features within the first week after initial corn emergence with a moderate overall classification accuracy of 0.49. However, for the second week and beyond, the overall classification accuracy diminished (0.20 to 0.35). When estimating DAE within a 3-day window (-1 to +1 day), the overall 3-day classification accuracies ranged from 0.54 to 0.88. Diameter, area, and the ratio of major axis length to area were important image features to predict corn DAE. Findings demonstrated that UAV imagery can detect newly-emerged corn plants and estimate their emergence date to assist in assessing emergence uniformity. Additional studies are needed for fine-tuning the image collection procedures and image feature identification to improve accuracy. Keywords: Corn emergence, Image features, Random forest, Unmanned aerial vehicle.
Granulated Poultry Litter Ash Acidulation and Physical Characteristics
Authors: Millsaps Clara R. , Reiter Mark S. , Whitehurst Brooks M. , Whitehurst Garnett B. , Maguire Rory O. , Thomason Wade E. 
Published: July 2021

HighlightsPhosphoric acid (PA) increased water-soluble phosphorus (WSP) from 0.31 to 47.4 g P kg-1 in poultry litter ash (PLA).Ideal granule size was identified at 29% acidulation (14.5 g acid to 50 g PLA) with granules averaging 3.14 mm.Bulk fertilizer production needed 32% PA addition, and adequate mixing equipment is important for PA efficiency.Granule size and strength were adequate as compared to industry standards and commercial fertilizers.Abstract. Manure-to-energy systems effectively recycle poultry litter (PL) into poultry litter ash (PLA) that densifies and concentrates the phosphorus (P) content by a factor of 4 to 10. However, high conversion temperatures reduce nutrient solubility and produce small particulate materials. To redistribute manure nutrients beyond the original production location by improving the physical and chemical characteristics of PLA, the objectives of this research were to: (1) determine the phosphoric acid (H3PO4) acidifying effect on water-soluble P (WSP), measurable total P (TP), granulation point, and granule size and (2) conduct large-scale granulated poultry litter ash bulk (GPLA-B) granulation to determine the larger-scale formulations and granule physical characteristics produced. We measured bulk density, force and friction resistance, and granule size as compared to industry-standard triple superphosphate (TSP). Acidulation experiments were arranged in a completely randomized design with four replications per H3PO4 acidulation percentage. Increasing acidulation percentages from 0% to 50% H3PO4 (laboratory-grade white phosphoric acid) increased measurable TP from 50.63 to 116.90 g kg-1 and WSP from 0.31 to 47.4 g P kg-1 (LSD0.05 10.13 and 2.65 g P kg-1, respectively). Acidulation dose response relationships created simple linear regression equations to predict changes in measurable TP and WSP, pH, and exothermic reaction temperature, which all increased with acidulation. The loose (1.01 g cm-3) and packed (1.03 g cm3) bulk densities of GPLA-B were significantly less than those of TSP (1.14 and 1.30 g cm3, respectively) (LSD0.05 = 0.03 and 0.02 g cm-3). Compared to TSP particles (2.86 mm), GPLA particles (3.73 mm) were significantly larger (LSD0.05 = 0.61 mm); however, the force resistance of GPLA (4.53 kgf) was significantly less than that of TSP (5.95 kgf) (LSD0.05 = 0.61 kgf). Results showed that the physical characteristics of GPLA met industry standards and validated the adaptability of GPLA as an alternative P source. Furthermore, GPLA has higher elemental analysis, greater solubility, and improved form, which addresses the undesirable characteristics of ungranulated PLA and supports the use of GPLA for fertilizer and nutrient distribution. Keywords: Acidulation, Fertilizer, Granulation, Phosphorus, Poultry litter ash.
Improved performance of InGaAs/GaAs microdisk lasers epi-side down bonded onto a silicon board
Authors: Zubov Fedor , Maximov Mikhail , Moiseev Eduard , Vorobyev Alexandr , Mozharov Alexey , Berdnikov Yuri , Kaluzhnyy Nikolay , Mintairov Sergey , Kulagina Marina , Kryzhanovskaya Natalia , Zhukov Alexey 
Published: July 2021

We study the impact of improved heat removal on the performance of InGaAs/GaAs microdisk lasers epi-side down bonded onto a silicon substrate. Unlike the initial characteristics of microlasers on a GaAs substrate, the former’s bonding results in a decrease in thermal resistance by a factor of 2.3 (1.8) in microdisks with a diameter of 19 (31) µm, attributed to a thinner layered structure between the active region and the substrate and the better thermal conductivity of Si than GaAs. Bonded microdisk lasers show a 2.4–3.4-fold higher maximum output power, up to 21.7 mW, and an approximately 20% reduction in the threshold current. A record high 3 dB small-signal modulation bandwidth of 7.9 GHz for InGaAs/GaAs microdisk lasers is achieved.
Magnitude and determinants of adequate antenatal care service utilization among mothers in Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Gebrekirstos Lielt Gebreselassie , Wube Tsiyon Birhanu , Gebremedhin Meron Hadis , Lake Eyasu Alem 
Published: July 2021

Background
Mortality from preventable pregnancy-related complications remains high in Ethiopia. Antenatal care remains a major public health intervention that prevents maternal and neonatal mortality. Thus, this study aimed to assess the magnitude and determinants of adequate antenatal care utilization in Southern Ethiopia.

Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted between November and December 2019. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 670 women. Data were collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaire administered with a digital survey tool (open data kit) and directly exported to STATA version 15 for analysis. Descriptive statistics followed by a multivariable logistic regression analysis were performed. Both crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals were reported.

Results
The magnitude of adequate antenatal care utilization was 23.13%. Tertiary and above education (AOR,4.15;95%CI: 1.95, 8.83), having the best friend who used maternal care (AOR,2.01;95%CI: 1.18,3.41), husband support (AOR,3.84; 95%CI: 1.05, 14.08), high wealth index (AOR,3.61; 95%CI: 1.86, 6.99), follow-up in private health facilities (AOR, 2.27;95% CI:1.33, 3.88), having a history of risky pregnancy (AOR,2.59; 95%CI: 1.55, 4.35), and planned pregnancy (AOR,2.60;95% CI: 1.35, 4.99) were significant determinants of overall adequate ANC service utilization.

Conclusion
The utilization of adequate antenatal care services is quite low. The study findings suggest that interventions should be in place to improve husband’s support, social networks, and women’s education. There is also a need to counsel women to utilize family planning.
Mortality and morbidity of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease associated with ambient environment in metropolitans in Taiwan
Authors: Zafirah Yasmin , Lin Yu-Kai , Andhikaputra Gerry , Deng Li-Wen , Sung Fung-Chang , Wang Yu-Chun 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundThis study investigated risks of mortality from and morbidity (emergency room visits (ERVs) and outpatient visits) of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) associated with extreme temperatures, fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and ozone (O3) by sex, and age, from 2005 to 2016 in 6 metropolitan cities in Taiwan.MethodsThe distributed lag non-linear model was employed to assess age (0–18, 19–39, 40–64, and 65 years and above), sex-cause-specific deaths, ERVs, and outpatient visits associated with extreme high (99thpercentile) and low (5thpercentile) temperatures and PM2.5and O3concentrations at 90thpercentile. Random-effects meta-analysis was adopted to investigate cause-specific pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the whole studied areas.ResultsOnly the mortality risk of COPD in the elderly men was significantly associated with the extreme low temperatures. Exposure to the 90thpercentile PM2.5was associated with outpatient visits for asthma in 0–18 years old boys [RR = 1.15 (95% CI: 1.09–1.22)]. Meanwhile, significant elevation of ERVs of asthma for females aged 40–64 years was associated with exposure to ozone, with the highest RR of 1.21 (95% CI: 1.05–1.39).ConclusionsThis study identified vulnerable subpopulations who were at risk to extreme events associated with ambient environments deserving further evaluation for adaptation.
Rapid diagnosis and reduced workload for urinary tract infection using flowcytometry combined with direct antibiotic susceptibility testing
Authors: Gilboe Hanne Margrethe , Reiakvam Olaug Marie , Aasen Linda , Tjade Trygve , Bjerner Johan , Ranheim Trond Egil , Gaustad Peter 
Published: July 2021

Background
We evaluated if flowcytometry, using Sysmex UF-5000, could improve diagnosis of urinary tract infections by rapid identification of culture negative and contaminated samples prior to culture plating, thus reducing culture plating workload and response time. We also evaluated if it is possible to reduce the response time for antibiotic susceptibility profiles using the bacteria information flag on Sysmex UF-5000 to differentiate between Gram positive and negative bacteria, followed by direct Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing (dAST) on the positive urine samples.

Methods
One thousand urine samples were analyzed for bacteria, white blood cells and squamous cells by flowcytometry before culture plating. Results from flowcytometric analysis at different cut-off values were compared to results of culture plating. We evaluated dAST on 100 urine samples that were analyzed as positive by flowcytometry, containing either Gram positive or Gram negative bacteria.

Results
Using a cut-off value with bacterial count ≥100.000/mL and WBCs ≥10/μL, flowcytometry predicted 42,1% of samples with non-significant growth. We found that most contaminated samples contain few squamous cells. For 52/56 positive samples containing Gram negative bacteria dAST was identical to routine testing. Overall, there was concordance in 555/560 tested antibiotic combinations.

Conclusion
Flowcytometry offers advantages for diagnosis of urinary tract infections. Screening for negative urine samples on the day of arrival reduces culture plating and workload, and results in shorter response time for the negative samples. The bacteria information flag predicts positive samples containing Gram negative bacteria for dAST with high accuracy, thus Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile can be reported the day after arrival. For the positive samples containing Gram negative bacteria the concordance was very good between dAST and Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing in routine. For positive samples containing Gram positive bacteria the results were not convincing. We did not find any correlation between epithelial cells and contamination.
Od ateizmu do teizmu poprzez krytykę „pięciu dróg” św. Tomasza w świetle myśli Antony’ego Flewa
Authors: Mrówka Angelika 
Published: July 2021

Atheism and theism have been seen rather as contradictory points of view, without the possibility to enter into dialogue. In 1966 Antony Flew published a book entitled God and Philosphy, a key work, in which the author criticised theism and later – the logical justifi cation of atheism. He took up a constructive criticism of the Five Ways of St Thomas Aquinas. Flew achieved his goal, because he provoked theists to revise their views and ways of formulating theological arguments. Finally, Antony Flew considered again his own attitude and thanks to conducted debates and discussion with theists, he came to the conclusion that God exists. Antony Flew spent almost his whole life on a quest to fi nd the truth. He could be a positive example of an open-minded philosopher, because only such a person is able to contribute to an open a dialogue between atheism and theism.
Miranda Prorsus: An Encyclical Letter of Pope Pius XII on Motion Pictures, TV and Radio – its Impact on the Catholic Church Media in Zambia Today
Authors: Kibombwe Freeborn 
Published: July 2021

This article refl ects on the sixty years marking the anniversary of the encyclical letter Miranda Prorsus by Pope Pius XII. Miranda Prorsus was the fi rst document written in 1957 by the Church to refl ect on the three important means of communication: Motion Pictures (Film), Television (TV) and Radio. It highlighted the importance of these “remarkable technical inventions” to aid humanity in as far as development and understanding the media was concerned. Each of these three instruments of communication is examined in both the strengths and weaknesses they carry, but much more, how they can play a role in advancing humanity in the area of morality and truth telling. The article tries to use some of the important highlights in the context of Zambia my country that has embraced these means of communication with radio stations set up by the respective Bishops and a Television soon to be launched by the Zambia Conference of Catholic Bishops (ZCCB). In retrospect the article tries to show how these means and technical inventions can become handy in as far as the evangelization is concerned.
Framing the Law and Policy of Finance
Authors: Coendet Thomas 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The global financial crisis of 2007–08 provided an obvious reason for rethinking finance, its regulation, and benefits for society. Economics experts, in particular, issued policy reports on how to fix the financial system. Whether and how such policy recommendations translated into law is the topic of this article. It introduces a set of theories elaborating on how the legal system may tap social theory in general and economic expertise in particular, arguing for the concept of framing as a focal point. A case study on the Kay Review of UK equity markets tests and illustrates the theory. The study highlights the normative, technical, political, and capture issues that arise all the way down from a specific policy proposal rooted in economic theory and empirical research to the technical details of financial law and concludes with a comment on the current reform efforts of the Financial Conduct Authority on a new consumer duty. Eventually, the case study allows us to reflect on the strengths and limitations of the existing theories of how social theory and law interact and to provide some directions for future research.
Spectrum and Analytic Functional Calculus for Clifford Operators via Stem Functions
Authors: Vasilescu Florian-Horia 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe main purpose of this work is the construction of an analytic functional calculus for Clifford operators, which are operators acting on certain modules over Clifford algebras. Unlike in some preceding works by other authors, we use a spectrum defined in the complex plane, and also certain stem functions, analytic in neighborhoods of such a spectrum. The replacement of the slice regular functions, having values in a Clifford algebra, by analytic stem functions becomes possible because of an isomorphism induced by a Cauchy type transform, whose existence is proved in the first part of this work.
Understanding clinical leadership behaviors in practice to inform baccalaureate nursing curriculum: a comparative study between the United States and Australia novice nurses
Authors: Watson Sherylyn M. , Ferrillo Heather , Goncalves Susan A. , Clark-Burg Karen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
While the nursing profession recognizes the importance of leadership behaviors, limited evidence exists on essential clinical leadership behaviors that nursing students should exhibit upon graduation. The purpose of this study was to determine if there were common leadership behaviors exhibited by recently graduated baccalaureate clinical staff nurses in the United States and Australia.

Methods
A quantitative descriptive study with a comparative design was conducted using The Clinical Leadership Survey.

Results
Similar clinical leadership behaviors were reported by nurses from the two countries though there was a statistically significant difference in the overall frequency of behaviors between the two groups. Behaviors in the ‘challenging the process’ domain were less commonly practiced in both countries, identifying a clinical gap and opportunity for student development.

Conclusions
This study identifies the central behaviors that should be included in baccalaureate nursing education curriculum in order to prepare students for successful transition into practice.