bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of camrelizumab for the treatment of cervical cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mi Xiaodong , Tuo Fei , Lin Tong 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundCervical cancer (CC) is a prevalent malignancy in women and ranks fourth in global cancer-related mortality. The prognosis for women with metastatic or recurring cervical cancer is unfavorable. Camrelizumab is a humanized high-affinity IgG4-kappa monoclonal antibody targeting programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), which has been progressively documented as a therapy for advanced cervical cancer with good result metrics. Nonetheless, a comprehensive investigation of Camrelizumab’s efficacy in treating cervical cancer has yet to be conducted.MethodsWe conducted a search across PubMed, Ovid Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, ProQuest, CNKI, Wan Fang, VIP database, and CBMdisc, restricting the establishment date of the databases to October 2024. The ROBINS-I Scale was utilized to evaluate the methodological quality of the included studies. Furthermore, information about CR, PR, SD, PD, ORR, DCR, median OS, median PFS, adverse events (AEs), and other relevant data was obtained. A meta-analysis was performed utilizing a random-effects model and effect size for illness.ResultsThis meta-analysis included six trials, including 238 people with CC. The aggregated outcomes for patients were as follows: CR (0.097, 95% CI: 0.032-0.186), PR (0.465, 95% CI: 0.291-0.638), SD (0.264, 95% CI: 0.124-0.403), PD (0.174, 95% CI: 0.051-0.296), ORR (0.577, 95% CI: 0.354-0.799), DCR (0.784, 95% CI: 0.652-0.916), AEs (all grades: 0.836, 95% CI: 0.629-1.000, ≥grade III: 0.472, 95% CI: 0.111-0.834). The predominant treatment-related adverse events included anemia (≤grade II: 0.295, 95% CI: 0.187-0.402; ≥grade III: 0.124, 95% CI: 0.018-0.230), elevated aspartate aminotransferase (≤grade II: 0.196, 95% CI: 0.013-0.380; ≥grade III: 0.030, 95% CI: 0.007-0.053), neutropenia (≤grade II: 0.206, 95% CI: 0.150-0.261; ≥grade III: 0.114, 95% CI: 0.066-0.162), thrombocytopenia (≤grade II: 0.295, 95% CI: 0.187-0.402), and fatigue (≤grade II: 0.174, 95% CI: 0.046-0.303).ConclusionsThis meta-analysis demonstrates that camrelizumab is efficacious and well-tolerated in patients with cervical cancer.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42024527065.
Magnitude and factors associated with low birth weight among newborns in public health facilities of Mekelle City, northern Ethiopia: a multi-center study
Authors: Teklehaimanot Gebremichael Aregawi , Gebreslasie Kahsay Zenebe , Werid Woldu Mammo , Gebresilassie Berhanu , Kidanemariam Gebregziabher , Tsegay Etsay Weldekidan , Gufue Zenawi Hagos , Mengesha Meresa Berwo 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundLow birth weight is a key determinant of child survival, significantly influencing rates of infant and childhood mortality, morbidity, and disability. While some studies have been conducted in our region, there is still a gap in evidence regarding the maternal characteristics associated with low birth weight. Hence, this study aimed to determine the proportion of newborns with low birth weight and determinant factors, particularly focusing on maternal characteristics.MethodA facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 21 March to 20 April 2020 involving mothers and their newborns at selected public health facilities in Mekelle City. The sample included 447 participants, with two public hospitals and three health centers chosen by a lottery method. Systematic random sampling was applied to select mother–newborn pairs. Data were collected using a structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, with a 95% confidence interval (CI), were used to identify factors associated with low birth weight.ResultsThe study included 447 mothers of newborns, achieving a 100% response rate. The proportion of low birth weight was 14.3%. Significant factors associated with low birth weight included attending the first antenatal care (ANC) visit in the third trimester [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 3.66, 95% CI: 1.28–10.44], not receiving additional nutrition during pregnancy (AOR = 4.16, 95% CI: 1.38–12.58), experiencing obstetric complications during the current pregnancy (AOR = 7.72, 95% CI: 2.76–21.59), and a gestational age at birth of less than 37 weeks (AOR = 5.36, 95% CI: 1.96–14.67).Conclusion and recommendationThis study revealed a substantial incidence of low birth weight. The initiation of the first antenatal care visit in the third trimester, failure to supplement nutrition during pregnancy, the occurrence of obstetric complications during pregnancy, and a gestational age at birth less than 37 weeks were all found to be significantly correlated with this condition. It is recommended that policymakers strengthen maternal and child health services, especially through the focused ANC program, to improve outcomes. Health facilities should promote awareness of the importance of initiating ANC visits early, with an emphasis on nutritional counseling throughout pregnancy.
Cutaneous adverse events associated with BRAF and MEK inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Qian Junhui , Wan Jinlong , Yao Qin , Chen Yin , Ling Tao , Zhang Yuejuan , Tang Zhihua 
Published: December 2024

AimCutaneous adverse events (CAEs) after treatment with BRAF and MEK inhibitors in patients with melanoma remain incompletely characterized. To determine the association of BRAF and MEK inhibitor treatment with CAEs in patients with melanoma compared with BRAF inhibitor alone.MethodPubMed, Cochrane, Embase and Web of Science were systematically searched for BRAF and MEK inhibitors from database inception through 10 May 2024. Randomized clinical trials reporting on CAEs in patients with melanoma being treated with BRAF and MEK inhibitors compared with patients with melanoma being treated with BRAF inhibitor monotherapy were selected. Pooled Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% CIs were determined using random-effects analyses. The selected end points were alopecia, cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma, hyperkeratosis, keratoacanthoma, palmoplantar erythrodysaesthesia syndrome, palmoplantar keratoderma, rash, photosensitivity reaction, and skin papilloma. All-grade and high-grade (≥3) CAEs were recorded.ResultsComparing with BRAF and MEK inhibitors, treatment with BRAF inhibitors alone was associated with an increased risk of rash (RR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.54–0.99; p = 0.039; I2 = 88%), alopecia (RR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.20–0.41; P &lt; 0.001; I2 = 76%), hyperkeratosis (RR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.22–0.41; P &lt; 0.001; I2 = 56%), palmoplantar erythrodysaesthesia syndrome (RR, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.10–0.47; P &lt; 0.001; I2 = 81%), palmoplantar keratoderma (RR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.26–0.57; P &lt; 0.001; I2 = 29%), Skin papilloma (RR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.12–0.52; P &lt; 0.001; I2 = 77%), cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma (RR, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.11–0.42; P &lt; 0.001; I2 = 50%), and keratoacanthoma (RR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.12–0.40; P &lt; 0.001; I2 = 0%).ConclusionTherapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors was associated with a lower risk of CAEs, especially rash, alopecia, hyperkeratosis, palmoplantar erythrodysaesthesia syndrome, palmoplantar keratoderma, skin papilloma, cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma, and keratoacanthoma, compared with BRAF inhibitor alone. The risks of photosensitivity reaction was similar between the assessed groups. The findings may help to balance between beneficial melanoma treatment and cutaneous morbidity and mortality.
Mechanistic analysis of Tanshinone IIA’s regulation of the ATM/GADD45/ORC signaling pathway to reduce myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Sang Yiwei , Du Jiangnan , Zulikala Dilimulati , Sang Zhongqiang 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundBy far, one of the best treatments for myocardial ischemia is reperfusion therapy. The primary liposoluble component of Danshen, a traditional Chinese herbal remedy, Tanshinone ⅡA, has been shown to have cardiac healing properties. The purpose of this work is to investigate the processes by which Tanshinone ⅡA influences myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) in the H9C2 cardiac myoblast cell line, as well as the association between Tanshinone ⅡA and MIRI.Methods and resultsThe cardiac cells were divided into a normal group, a model group and Tanshinone ⅡA treatment groups. After 4 h of culture with the deprivation of oxygen and glucose, the cells were incubated normally for 2 h. The success of the model and the capacity of Tanshinone ⅡA to heal cardiac damage were validated by the outcomes of cell viability, morphology, and proliferation. The efficacy of Tanshinone ⅡA in treating MIRI was further confirmed by the scratch assay and biomarker measurement. The differentially expressed genes were examined using transcriptome sequencing. The Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM)/Growth Arrest and DNA Damage (GADD45)/Origin Recognition Complex (ORC) signaling pathway was identified as being crucial to this process by KEGG pathway analysis and GO enrichment. Molecular docking and RT-qPCR were used to confirm our results. The crucial function of the ATM/GADD45/ORC pathway was further confirmed by the addition of an ATM inhibitor, which inhibited the expression of ATM.ConclusionTanshinone ⅡA can relieve the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in cardiac cells by activating the ATM/GADD45/ORC pathway.
Leaf senescence characteristics and economic benefits of rice under alternate wetting and drying irrigation and blended use of polymer-coated and common urea
Authors: Qi Dongliang , Chen Si , Yue Wenjun , Duan Yonggang 
Published: December 2024

Water-saving irrigation and the mixed application of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer (CRNF) and common urea (CU; with a higher nitrogen release rate) have shown promise in improving rice yield with high resource use efficiency. However, the physiological mechanism underlying this effect remains largely unknown. This study involved a field experiment on rice in Jingzhou City, Central China, in 2020 and 2021. Two irrigation regimes were employed [alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWD) and conventional flood irrigation (CI)], with three nitrogen (N) compounding modes [00% CU (N1), 60% CRNF + 40% CU (N2), and 100% CRNF (N3)] with an equal N rate of 240 kg ha−1. The results indicated a significant interactive effect of watering regimes and N compounding modes on net photosynthetic rate (Pn), leaf area index (LAI), and SPAD values; activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidases (POD), catalase (CAT), glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamine 2-oxoglutarate amidotransferase (GOGAT), and nitrate reductase (NR); and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and soluble protein in rice leaves. Compared with N1, N2 and N3 increased the Pn, LAI, and SPAD values; activities of SOD, POD, CAT, NR, GS, and GOGAT; and soluble protein content but decreased MDA content in the post-growth (heading and maturity) stages by 8.7%–31.2% under the two irrigation regimes. Compared to CI (traditional irrigation), AWD had higher Pn, LAI, and SPAD values; activities of SOD, POD, CAT, NR, GS, and GOGAT; and soluble protein content (increased by 12.1%–38.0%, and lower MDA content (reduced by 13.1%–27.6%) irrespective of N compounding modes. This suggested that AWD combined with N2 and N3 could delay the leaf senescence of rice, thus achieving a larger grain yield. Moreover, AWD significantly decreased water costs (irrigation amount) and labor costs (irrigation frequency), thus increasing total income. N2 decreased fertilizer costs with a higher or comparable total income compared with N3. Therefore, the AWDN2 treatment achieved the highest net income (13,907.1 CNY ha−1 in 2020 and 14,085.7 CNY ha−1 in 2021). AWD interacted with 60% CRNF + 40% (N2) to delay leaf senescence by improving photosynthesis, antioxidant defense system, osmoregulation, and N assimilation, contributing to high grain yield and net income in rice.
Perceived social support and psychological wellbeing: testing the moderated mediation model of self-compassion and culture
Authors: Tannous-Haddad Lubna , Barel Efrat , Tzischinsky Orna 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionSelf-compassion and self-coldness mediate the relationship between perceived social support and wellbeing, depression, anxiety and stress. However, this mediation has not been studied in intercultural contexts yet. The current crosssectional study explores the mediation effects of both constructs among Arabs and Jews in Israel.MethodsParticipants were 496 adults—309 Jews (62.3%) and 187 Arabs (37.7%) with an average age of 40.3. Respondents completed online standardized measures of self-compassion, self-coldness, perceived social support, wellbeing, depression, anxiety, and stress. The data were analyzed using PROCESS macro model 4 and 59.ResultsTesting the indirect effects of self-compassion and self-coldness on the relationship between perceived social support and wellbeing facets, we found a mediation effect for both constructs. We also found that culture moderated the mediation processes and found a stronger mediation effect for self-compassion among Arabs than Jews, but no moderation of culture on the mediation effect of self-coldness.DiscussionThese results emphasize the importance of considering cultural context when designing support interventions aimed at promoting wellbeing by enhancing self-compassion. The differential mediation effect by self-compassion and self-coldness contributes to growing research pointing to a need to further explore the influence of different components of self-compassion in different cultures.
The valuation of older adult homecare services under a joint medical-social budgetary perspective
Authors: Leung Eman , Guan Jingjing , Chu Amanda M. Y. , Ching Sam C. C. , Liu Yilin , Chen Frank Youhua 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundHomecare, a cornerstone of public health, is essential for health systems to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) of universal health coverage while maintaining its own sustainability. Notwithstanding homecare’s system-level significance, there is a lack of economic evaluations of homecare services in terms of their system-wide cost-savings. Specifically, decisions informed by a joint medical-social budgetary perspective can maximize the allocative efficiency of assigning a diverse service mix to address the complex needs of the older adult population. However, little is known regarding which homecare service mix is most system-wide cost-effective when paired with which clinical profiles.MethodsValuation of homecare’s complex interventions was performed under a generalized cost-effectiveness analysis (GCEA) framework with proportional hazard-adjusted metrics representing the common numeraire between medical and social care.ResultsInstrumental homecare, on its own or combined with either one or both of the other homecare services, yielded the greatest cost savings compared to other services or the lack thereof. When expressed under a joint medical-social budgetary perspective, instrumental homecare can reduce medical costs of HK$34.53 (US$4.40) and HK$85.03 (US$10.84) for every HK$1 (US$0.13) invested in instrumental and instrumental-restorative homecare, respectively.ConclusionInstrumental homecare can increase hospitalization-free days among community-dwelling older adult and yield significant net system-wide cost savings. Thus, the current study demonstrated the feasibility of data-informed decision-making in system-wide resource allocation under a joint medical-social budget perspective.
Enhancing mass vaccination programs with queueing theory and spatial optimization
Authors: Xie Sherrie , Rieders Maria , Changolkar Srisa , Bhattacharya Bhaswar B. , Diaz Elvis W. , Levy Michael Z. , Castillo-Neyra Ricardo 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundMass vaccination is a cornerstone of public health emergency preparedness and response. However, injudicious placement of vaccination sites can lead to the formation of long waiting lines or queues, which discourages individuals from waiting to be vaccinated and may thus jeopardize the achievement of public health targets. Queueing theory offers a framework for modeling queue formation at vaccination sites and its effect on vaccine uptake.MethodsWe developed an algorithm that integrates queueing theory within a spatial optimization framework to optimize the placement of mass vaccination sites. The algorithm was built and tested using data from a mass dog rabies vaccination campaign in Arequipa, Peru. We compared expected vaccination coverage and losses from queueing (i.e., attrition) for sites optimized with our queue-conscious algorithm to those used in a previous vaccination campaign, as well as to sites obtained from a queue-naïve version of the same algorithm.ResultsSites placed by the queue-conscious algorithm resulted in 9–32% less attrition and 11–12% higher vaccination coverage compared to previously used sites and 9–19% less attrition and 1–2% higher vaccination coverage compared to sites placed by the queue-naïve algorithm. Compared to the queue-naïve algorithm, the queue-conscious algorithm placed more sites in densely populated areas to offset high arrival volumes, thereby reducing losses due to excessive queueing. These results were not sensitive to misspecification of queueing parameters or relaxation of the constant arrival rate assumption.ConclusionOne should consider losses from queueing to optimally place mass vaccination sites, even when empirically derived queueing parameters are not available. Due to the negative impacts of excessive wait times on participant satisfaction, reducing queueing attrition is also expected to yield downstream benefits and improve vaccination coverage in subsequent mass vaccination campaigns.
Enhancing the psychological well-being and sleep quality of healthcare providers with a multimodal psychological support program: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Gao Qi , Yao Yuanyuan , Wang Ruiyu , Zhang Xinyue , Gudenkauf Lisa M. , Xu Guangxin , Harrison Samantha , Zheng Leilei , Wang Jingping , Chen Guanqing , Zheng Bin , Ma Haobo , Yan Min 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic significantly challenged the global healthcare system, especially frontline healthcare professionals, such as those working in intensive care units (ICUs). In late 2022, a sudden increase in COVID-19 cases in China led to a large number of ICU admissions, requiring new ICU staff (non-ICU professionals to work in ICUs), exacerbating their stress. This study aimed to develop an effective stress management strategy for new ICU professionals, focusing on reducing the detrimental effects of stress on their psychological state. We hypothesized that the online multimodal psychological support (MPS) program might improve the psychological well-being and sleep quality of the participants.MethodsThis single-center, single-blind randomized controlled trial included new ICU staff during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were randomly assigned to either an intervention (online psychological support, MPS) or a control (routine wellness care, RWC) group for 28 days, and assessments were conducted before intervention (baseline), after intervention, and at the 1-month follow-up. The intervention included music therapy, sleep hygiene education, psychoeducation, and relaxation training, tailored to address common psychiatric issues experienced by healthcare professionals during the pandemic. The primary outcome was a DASS-21 score 28 days after the end of the intervention.ResultsOne hundred and one professionals eventually participated in the study, 47 in the MPS group and 54 in the RWC group. No significant differences were observed in the overall psychological well-being immediately after the end of the intervention. However, the MPS group showed improved sleep and sustained lower stress levels, anxiety, and depression scores at the 1-month follow-up, significantly improving the severity of insomnia (marginal mean difference −2.028; SE 1.00; p = 0.044).ConclusionThe online multimodal psychological support program effectively enhanced the psychological well-being and sleep quality of new ICU staff demonstrating the potential of off line training in managing stress and improving health outcomes during crises. The findings of this study emphasize the importance of accessible, flexible psychological support, especially in high-stress environments such as ICUs during pandemics.
Patient experience of an abstinence-based Indigenous residential treatment program in Northern Ontario: a descriptive qualitative study
Authors: Marsh T. N. , Eshakakogan C. , Spence M. , Morin K. A. , Oghene P. , Goertzen A. , Tahsin F. , Gauthier G. , Sayers Dean , Ozawanimke Alan , Bissaillion Brent , Marsh D. C. 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundIndigenous peoples with substance use disorders (SUD) and intergenerational trauma (IGT) face complex healthcare needs. Therefore understanding Indigenous patient experiences is crucial for enhancing care delivery, fostering engagement, and achieving optimal outcomes, yet few studies explore the motivations for seeking, staying in, and utilizing treatment from an Indigenous perspective. The goal of this study was to understand the patient experience with an abstinence-based treatment model in a residential treatment setting.MethodsA qualitative thematic study was conducted between April 2018 and February 2020 at Benbowpka treatment centre in Blind River, Ontario, Canada. We evaluated the results of the abstinence-based model intervention from the patient's perspective. The Client Quality Assurance Survey tool was employed to gather this data. The data underwent thematic analysis to derive meaningful insights.ResultsA total of 157 patients were interviewed. The results were categorized into three parts: (1) Critical events that encouraged participants to seeking treatment; (2) Benefits experienced by participants while they were in the program; (3) Participants take-aways and priorities after completing the program. Core themes emerged in each category and each theme is sub-categorized into quadrants of the Medicine Wheel. Firstly, there was a critical juncture that significantly impacted participants' lives that motivated them to seek treatment at the Benbowpka Treatment Centre. Second, during the study, participants admission to the Benbowopka Treatment Centre, the participants benefitted from a holistic program that addresses spiritual, physical, mental and emotional aspects of healing. Third, participants identified tangible ways in which they implement the skills they gained during the program in their daily lives. Overall, study demonstrates that clients benefitted from both the program activities and the traditional healing practices.ConclusionThis research identified that SUD Indigenous residential treatment programs need to include culture, healing practices, activities and relationships that are part of the treatment process. This study found that the cultural elements and healing practices of the program were highly valued by clients.