bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of No-Till technology and winter wheat precursors on soil fertility in arid conditions of Stavropol territory
Authors: Wolters I A , Pismennaya E V , Vlasova O I , Perederieva V M , Faizova V I 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
At present, agricultural production of the region faces the main task – to ensure further growth and greater production stability of winter wheat. The new No-till technology for the arid zone of Stavropol Territory is an optimal option within the system of resource-saving technologies. Its application in the peasant farm Vodopyanov S.S. in the conditions of dark chestnut soil became possible with the introduction of a scientifically valid system of farming and sufficient availability of equipment, fertilizers and pesticides at the enterprise. The study of the effect of the No-till technology and precursors on agrophysical and agrochemical properties of dark chestnut soil in the arid zone showed that the winter wheat crops have the largest amount of productive moisture reserve in the upper layer (0.0–0.20 m) during the booting stage of winter wheat for sunflower and winter rape. The largest amount of agronomically valuable aggregates is noted in winter wheat crops in the booting stage for sunflower, and to the blooming stage it increases for all precursors. The soil density of winter wheat crops increases down the layers. The number of water-stable aggregates increases to the firm ripe stage. As nitrogen consumption by plants increases, the amount of nitrate in the soil decreases and reaches its minimum by the firm ripe stage. The maximum concentration of labile phosphorus in the soil is observed during the initial sampling period. Regardless of the precursor, there is a tendency to pH decrease. There is a decrease in humus and mobile sulfur down the soil layers. In general, the No-till technology and precursors affect the reduction of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in soil.
Heavy metals in agricultural crops of Rostov region through the example of soft wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Authors: Chaplygin V A , Minkina T M , Mandzhieva S S , Nazarenko O G , Zimulina I V , Bauer T V , Litvinov Yu A , Rajput V 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In recent decades, the problem of an annually increasing level of anthropogenic impact on the environment has become increasingly important. One of the most dangerous pollutants entering the environment from industrial emissions is heavy metals. This type of pollutant is not subject to biodegradation over time, due to which they accumulate in environmental objects in dangerous concentrations. The resistance of soft wheat (Triticum aestivum) of the Myatlikovy family (Poaceae) to aerotechnogenic pollution in the soil and climatic conditions of southern Russia was studied. The content of heavy metals in this culture growing in the impact zone of Novocherskasskaya power plant is analyzed. The pollution with Pb, Zn, Ni and Cd was established. The average and close correlation was established between the total content and the content of mobile forms of HM in the soil and their content in wheat plants. For the studied plants, the accumulation coefficient (AC) and distribution coefficient (DC) of TM were calculated. The values of the coefficients showed a significant accumulation of elements by plants from the soil, as well as their translocation from the root system to the aboveground part.
Content analysis on basic nutrients in soil when growing sainfoin in the Lower Volga region
Authors: Dronova T N , Zemlyanitsina S V 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The article presents the results of studies evaluating the effect from using organic fertilizers or doses, equivalent to them, of mineral fertilizers; how presowing seed treatment with using bischofite impacts the dynamics of the main nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) in the arable and subsurface layers of soil when sowing the sandy sainfoin under the irrigation. It is shown that in all options of organic and mineral fertilizers by the end of the vegetation season of the sainfoin growing, there was observed phosphorus content decrease, in both the arable and subsoil layers of the soil. In the subsurface layer, the deficiency of the mobile phosphorus reached 70 % in the control option and in the option with the mineral fertilizers, whereas in the options with the organic fertilizers this deficiency was limited to 40 %. The dynamics of the nitrogen was not negative after three years; the content of this element practically remained at the initial level, having decreased only by 10 %. The dynamics of the potassium in the arable layer of the soil was also not negative, and in the subsurface layer the content of this element slightly decreased.
Study of the ability of Eisenia fetid
a to bioaccumulate metals from the substrate as a promising method for the restoration of soils contaminated with nanoparticles Cu, Zn and Mo
Authors: Lebedev S V , Vershinina I A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The widespread introduction into production and distribution of nanoparticles and their accumulation in natural environments creates a danger of contamination of fertile soils. Moreover, the accumulation of nanoparticles in soil differs significantly from the behavior of larger particles. Based on the foregoing, the purpose of this study was to determine the ability of worms to accumulate Zn, Cu, and Mo nanoparticles from the substrate in order to assess the possibility of using it in soil restoration. In our study, we used nanoparticles Cu, Zn, Mo at a concentration of 50, 200, 500 and 1000 mg/kg of dry soil. A standardized artificial soil (70 % quartz sand, 20 % kaolin, and 10 % ground peat) was used as a substrate. The test objects were E. fetida worms. According to the results of the study, we established a different ability of the worm’s organism to cumulate metals with variable valency. At the same time, the level of Cu in the body of E. fetida increased along with dosages and exposure times, while the absorption and accumulation of Zn and Mo occurs to a certain level, with a subsequent slowdown in its accumulation rate. The data obtained show the promise of using worms in the technology of restoration of soils contaminated with nanoparticles.
Evaluation of antitoxic ability of carbon nanomaterials with respect to Hg2 + mercury ions using Escherichia coli cells
Authors: Aleshina E S , Drozdova E A , Sizova E A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The unique physical and chemical characteristics of C60-fullerene determine the opportunity of creating a new generation of drugs on its basis. At the same time, various agents are already being created based on derivatives of fullerenes, which are effectively used in ecology and biomedicine as antibacterial and antiviral drugs, anticancer agents, and agents that inhibit certain enzymes. In this regard, there was investigated the possibility of using water-soluble derivatives of C60-fullerene as substances with sorbing activity against Hg (II) ions using two bioluminescent test systems based on recombinant Escherichia coli strains, one of which is E. coli K12 TG1 pF1 with Vibrio fischeri’s integrated luxCDABE gene cassette had a constitutive luminescence and the integral response to the effects of C60-fullerne derivatives was evaluated by the severity of bioluminescence quenching in the experimental sample relative to the control sample, which allowed us to calculate the relative changes in the intensity of bioluminescence as a reflection of a possible developing toxic effect Hg2 + and E. coli K12 MG1655 pMerR’::lux, carrying a hybrid plasmid with the merR gene and the merTPFAD operon promoter activated by it, inserted in front of the LuxCDABE gene cassette Photorhabdus luminescens which, due to its similar genetic construction, had a low background bioluminescence and multiply amplified in the presence of Hg2 + ions due to the parallel induction of mer and lux operons. The studies involved 6 derivatives of C60-fullern, the analysis of the antitoxic effect of which revealed comparable activity in some of them in comparison with the traditional drug Unithiol based on sodium 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanesulfonate. Moreover, the studies made it possible to consider derivatives of C60-fullerene as new nanostructured agents that have antitoxic effects on mercury ions and allows us to expand the list of biological models of a higher organization for further research in this area.
Environmental safety and efficacy of ordinary chernozem fertilization with “Agrobionov” preparation under barley crops
Authors: Khusainov A T , Syrlybayev M K , Ayapbergenova A S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
An intensive decrease in soil fertility is observed in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The main reason is the low volumes of mineral fertilizers, only 6-8 kg per hectare of arable land. Traditional mineral fertilizers are inaccessible due to high prices. Therefore, there is a need to search for alternative types of fertilizers. Barley is the main grain crop from the group of “brown” breads used for fodder and food purposes. An important reserve for barley yield increase is the use of fertilizers. This publication presents the results of research work on the environmental safety and effectiveness of the use of the “Agrobionov” preparation, produced from local, affordable, cheap industrial waste - ash and carbon black for soils fertilizing under barley crops. The content of heavy metals and radionuclides was determined by the method of inverse voltammetry (GOST 50686-94, GOST 50683-94), the grain yield was recorded by the direct combining method, the statistical processing of the crop was carried out according to the Fisher method as adapted by Dospekhov, the yield data is 100% pure and 15% standard humidity. The results of the study showed that the use of the “Agrobionov” preparation for chernozem soils fertilizing under barley crops is environmentally safe and gives an economic effect. The content of heavy metals and radionuclides in the soil and grain of barley does not exceed the maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) and tentatively permissible norms (TPN). Barley grain productivity increases, costs for its production decrease.
Possibility of using organo-mineral substrate in agriculture
Authors: Kotyak P A , Chebykina E V , Vaganova N V , Ivanova M Yu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The paper presents the development of eco-friendly organo-mineral substrate technology. It is intended to use the material of greenhouse-made vegetation mats and poultry (chicken) manure. Based on the conducted studies to determine the influence of various fertilizer systems on the toxic status of sod-podzolic gleyic middle loamy soil in the conditions of Yaroslavsky region, the nutrient status with the introduction of organo-mineral substrate both separately and together with complete fertilizers has the best characteristics. Under these conditions, the soil toxicity is reduced thus indicating the ecological well-being of soil using the studied agricultural methods. The placement of such fertilizers on its own contributed to the growth of the soil units by 29.34%, and when applied with mineral fertilizers – by 34.76% without deteriorating the quality of products due to the absence of the soil toxic effect.
Classification analysis of herbicides that were approved in 2018
Authors: Nefed’eva E E , Ermoshina E S , Belopuhov S L , Baibekov R F 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
An important area in agriculture is control of weeds. One of the effective ways to suppress weeds are herbicides. They are able to eliminate weeds, thereby increasing productivity of crops. There are a large number of herbicides that have been tested, registered and licensed. Each herbicide differs in the following criteria: chemical structure, herbicidal activity, mechanism of absorption and action, and ways of movement. Herbicides approved in 2018 are based on active substances which are described here. The active substances are diflufenzopyr, flufenacet, flurtamone, bromoxynil, cycloxydim and some others. A classification was compiled for a visual study of herbicides. It is presented in this work with an indication of new herbicides that were approved for use in 2018.
Application of fertilization and microbiological preparations in ecological technologies of agricultural enterprises
Authors: Trufanov A M , Voronin A N , Schukin S V 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
One of the methods of agricultural enterprises ecologization is the use of fertilization and microbiological preparations. The paper presents the results of the field studies into the effectiveness of seeds preparation for sowing soybeans, amaranth and buckwheat by treatment with Baikal EM-1 and potassium humate. It was found to improve the biological properties of the soil and reduce the incidence of weediness of crops when using the Baikal EM-1, as well as increasing the growth and development of plants. As a result, the use of Baikal EM-1 led to an increase in green mass yield of soybeans by 8.5% and yield of its seeds by 7.9%. For amaranth, the values are 24.6 and 24.2%, respectively, and for buckwheat they are 4.9 and 32.5%. The effectiveness of potassium humate was lower: the green mass yield of amaranth increased by 5.9%, seeds – by 5.5%; the values for buckwheat were 3.9 and 30.7%, respectively. The results indicate the prospects for use of preparations in ecological crops technologies in agricultural enterprises.
The Adaptive Afterlife of Texts: Entropy and Generative Decay
Authors: Nicholls Marcus 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBuilding on a tradition of exploring textual interrelationships through figurative readings and extended metaphors, this paper seeks to read adaptation as an active and creative practice of decay. The reading is couched within a broader exploration of the afterlife of texts and heterocosms via a conceptualization of textual embodiment as prey to particular kinds of entropy. Within this paradigm, Adaptation Studies becomes an inclusive methodology for exploring the ways in which texts metamorphose and are purposefully, posthumously altered by authors, readers, and adapters. Adaptation is proposed as a creative engagement of generative decay based in a broader universe of textual entropy, requiring interpretative burrowings from readers and adapters so that sources might be recycled and rewritten in the inks of their suppurations.
Everyone Can Change a Musical Work
Authors: Moruzzi Caterina 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This paper explores how a new theory on the ontology of musical works, Musical Stage Theory, can address the problem of change in musical works. A natural consequence of the ontological framework of this theory is that musical works change intrinsically through a change in the sonic-structural properties of performances. From this a surprising consequence follows: everyone can change a musical work. Still, it seems that some changes matter more than others. The article offers a revisionary reply to this concern by arguing that normative change is not a change in the ontological nature of the work but rather in its authenticity conditions.
Mortality risk associated with combinations of loneliness and social isolation. Findings from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA)
Authors: Ward Mark , May Peter , Normand Charles , Kenny Rose Anne , Nolan Anne 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background
Social distancing and similar measures in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic have greatly increased loneliness and social isolation among older adults. Understanding the association between loneliness and mortality is therefore critically important. We examined whether combinations of loneliness and social isolation, using a metric named social asymmetry, was associated with increased mortality risk.

Methods
The sample was derived from participants in The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, a nationally representative sample of community-dwelling older adults aged ≥50. Survey data were linked to official death registration records. Cox proportional hazards regressions and competing risk survival analyses were used to examine the association between social asymmetry and all-cause and cause-specific mortality.

Results
Of four social asymmetry groups, concordant low lonely (low loneliness, low isolation) included 35.5% of participants; 26.4% were concordant high lonely (high loneliness, high isolation); 19.2% were discordant robust (low loneliness, high isolation) and 18.9% discordant susceptible (high loneliness, low isolation). The concordant high lonely (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.43, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09–1.87) and discordant robust (HR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.04–1.81) groups had an increased mortality risk compared to those in the concordant low lonely group. The concordant high lonely group had an increased risk of mortality due to diseases of the circulatory system (sub-distribution hazard ratio = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.03–2.25).

Conclusion
We found that social asymmetry predicted mortality over a 7-year follow-up period. Our results confirm that a mismatch between subjective loneliness and objective social isolation, as well as the combination of loneliness and social isolation, were associated with an increased all-cause mortality risk.
Blood Pressure Control Among Older Adults With Hypertension: Narrative Review and Introduction of a Framework for Improving Care
Authors: Bowling C Barrett , Lee Alexandra , Williamson Jeff D 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Although antihypertensive medications are effective, inexpensive, and recommended by clinical practice guidelines, a large percentage of older adults with hypertension have uncontrolled blood pressure (BP). Improving BP control in this population may require a better understanding of the specific challenges to BP control at older age. In this narrative review, we propose a framework for considering how key steps in BP management occur in the context of aging characterized by heterogeneity in function, multiple co-occurring health conditions, and complex personal and environmental factors. We review existing literature related to 4 necessary steps in hypertension control. These steps include the BP measure which can be affected by the technique, device, and setting in which BP is measured. Ensuring proper technique can be challenging in routine care. The plan includes setting BP treatment goals. Lower BP goals may be appropriate for many older adults. However, plans must take into account the generalizability of existing evidence, as well as patient and family’s health goals. Treatment includes the management strategy, the expected benefits, and potential risks of treatment. Treatment intensification is commonly needed and can contribute to polypharmacy in older adults. Lastly, monitor refers to the need for ongoing follow-up to support a patient’s ability to sustain BP control over time. Sustained BP control has been shown to be associated with a lower rate of cardiovascular disease and multimorbidity progression. Implementation of current guidelines in populations of older adults may be improved when specific challenges to BP measurement, planning, treating, and monitoring are addressed.
Associations Between Social Determinants and Hypertension, Stage 2 Hypertension, and Controlled Blood Pressure Among Men and Women in the United States
Authors: Commodore-Mensah Yvonne , Turkson-Ocran Ruth-Alma , Foti Kathryn , Cooper Lisa A , Himmelfarb Cheryl Dennison 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background
Social determinants influence the development and control of hypertension.

METHODS
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011–2018) data for adults aged ≥18 included education, income, employment, race/ethnicity, healthcare access, marital status, and nativity status. Outcomes were hypertension (blood pressure [BP] ≥130/80 mm Hg or self-reported hypertension medication use), stage 2 hypertension (BP ≥140/90 mm Hg), and controlled BP (BP &lt;130/80 mm Hg among those with hypertension). Poisson regression with robust variance estimates was used to examine associations between social determinants and outcomes, by sex.

RESULTS
The analysis included 21,664 adults (mean age 47.1 years), of whom 51% were women. After adjustment, hypertension and stage 2 hypertension prevalence remained higher among Black and Asian than White adults, regardless of sex. Blacks had lower prevalence of controlled BP than Whites. Compared with college graduates, men and women with less education had a higher prevalence of hypertension and stage 2 hypertension. Men (prevalence ratio [PR]: 0.28, 95% confidence interval: 0.16–0.49) and women (PR: 0.44, 0.24–0.78) with no routine place for healthcare had lower prevalence of controlled BP than those who had a routine place for healthcare. Uninsured men (PR: 0.66, 0.44–0.99) and women (PR: 0.67, 0.51–0.88) had lower prevalence of controlled BP than those insured. Unemployed or unmarried women were more likely to have controlled BP than employed or married women.

Conclusions
Social determinants were independently associated with hypertension outcomes in US adults. Policy interventions are urgently needed to address healthcare access and education, and eliminate racial disparities.
Characterization of Occupational Exposures to Engineered Nanoparticles During the Finishing Process of a Hardwood Floor Manufacturing Plant
Authors: Debia Maximilien , Carpentier Mireille , L’Espérance Gille 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have an enormous economic impact. In the surface coating industry, titanium dioxide (TiO2) and silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticles are commonly incorporated into varnishes, paints, and finishing products. These ENMs are used for UV-active properties and self-cleaning activities, as well as for the durability and resistance they provide. However, several health concerns are associated with the inhalation of some ENMs. In this case study, occupational exposures to engineered nanoparticles were investigated in an industrial hardwood floor manufacturing plant during the finishing task of an automated spraying equipment. A combination of air and surface sampling was carried out during two workdays. Airborne and deposited particles were measured using a combination of real-time and filter-based sampling methods and analyzed by microscopy and spectrometry. Results indicate that the wood floor coating process generates airborne TiO2 and SiO2 nanoparticles which include individual particles in the nanoscale range (lower than 100 nm) and agglomerated particles of several hundred nanometers containing individual nanoparticles. Finishing activities significantly increased total particle number concentrations (45 620 and 117 880 particles cm−3) and surface-specific mass concentrations (154 µm2 cm−3). Concentrations of TiO2 ranged from 13 to 97 µg m−3 for personal measurements and from 36 to 55 µg m−3 for ambient measurements in the finishing location. Characterization of the deposited particles indicated the dispersion of the engineered airborne nanoparticles from the finishing location to the packaging area. Using a multimetric approach, this study shows high evidence that the worker was exposed to engineered TiO2 and SiO2 nanoparticles during the finishing process of the wood floor production facility. In addition, this study indicates that workers outside the finish spray area could be exposed to airborne engineered TiO2 and SiO2 nanoparticles coming from the finishing process.