bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poor Implant Retention Rate in Patients Treated with Beta-Lactam Antibiotics for Initial Intravenous Empirical Therapy in Acute Periprosthetic Knee Joint Infection
Authors: Tsukada Sachiyuki , Wakui Motohiro , Miyao Masunao , Nishino Masahiro , Tasaki Atsushi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Beta-lactam antibiotics are frequently selected as initial intravenous empirical therapy in acute periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), but show poor drug migration to the knee joint.Methods: We retrospectively assessed 23 patients undergoing irrigation and debridement surgery for acute PJI after primary TKA. First, we compared the success rate of implant retention between patients receiving beta-lactam antibiotics as initial intravenous empirical therapy and those receiving antibiotics other than beta-lactams. Second, multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to control for confounding factors and to distinguish independent risk factors for the failure of implant retention.Results: Twelve patients received beta-lactam antibiotics as initial intravenous therapy (67% received cefazolin) and 11 patients received antibiotics other than beta-lactams (82% received linezolid). Patients receiving beta-lactam antibiotics had significantly lower implant retention rate than those receiving other antibiotics (5 of 12 patients [42%] versus 10 of 11 patients [91%], respectively, p = 0.027). Logistic regression analysis showed that use of beta-lactam antibiotics as initial intravenous empirical therapy was a significant independent risk factor predicting implant failure.Conclusion: The rate of implant retention was lower in patients administered beta-lactam antibiotics as initial intravenous empirical treatment.
Projection-Mapping-Based Object Pointing Using a High-Frame-Rate Camera-Projector System
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Raut Sushil , Shimasaki Kohei , Senoo Taku , Ishii Idaku 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The novel approach to physical security based on visible light communication (VLC) using an informative object-pointing and simultaneous recognition by high-framerate (HFR) vision systems is presented in this study. In the proposed approach, a convolutional neural network (CNN) based object detection method is used to detect the environmental objects that assist a spatiotemporal-modulated-pattern (SMP) based imperceptible projection mapping for pointing the desired objects. The distantly located HFR vision systems that operate at hundreds of frames per second (fps) can recognize and localize the pointed objects in real-time. The prototype of an artificial intelligence-enabled camera-projector (AiCP) system is used as a transmitter that detects the multiple objects in real-time at 30~fps and simultaneously projects the detection results by means of the encoded-480-Hz-SMP masks on to the objects. The multiple 480-fps HFR vision systems as receivers can recognize the pointed objects by decoding pixel-brightness variations in HFR sequences without any camera calibration or complex recognition methods. Several experiments were conducted to demonstrate our proposed method's usefulness using miniature and real-world objects under various conditions
Mentorship on malaria microscopy diagnostic service in Ethiopia: Baseline competency of microscopists and performance of health facilities
Authors: Gidey Bokretsion , Nega Desalegn , Abera Adugna , Abebe Abnet , Mekasha Sindew , Tasew Geremew , Haile Mebrahtom , Dillu Dereje , Mehari Degu , Assefa Ashenafi , Liknew Wondimeneh , G/tsadik Abeba , Mohammed Hussien , Woldie Ermias , Getachew Tsegaye , Ararso Desaelegn , Yenealem Dereje , Kebede Adisu , Etana Kebede , Kedida Gizachew , Solomon Hiwot , Tollera Getachew , Woyessa Adugna , Abate Ebba 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: In Ethiopia, malaria cases are declining as a result of proven interventions and in 2017, the country launched a malaria elimination strategy in targeted settings. Accurate malaria diagnosis and prompt treatment are the key components of the strategy to prevent morbidity and stop the continuation of transmission. However, the quality of microscopic diagnosis in general is deteriorating as malaria burden declines. Therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate the competency of microscopists and the performance of health facilities on malaria microscopic diagnosis.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from August 1st to September 30th, 2019 in nine regional states and one city administration. A standard checklist was used for on-site evaluation, archived patient slides were re-checked, and proficiency of microscopists was tested using WHO certified slides from the national slide bank at the Ethiopian Public Health Institute (EPHI). The strength of agreement, the sensitivity, the specificity, and the positive and negative predictive values were calculated.Results: In this study, 102 health facilities (84 health centers and 18 hospitals) were included; from which, 202 laboratory professionals participated. In slide re-checking, moderate agreement (Agreement: 76.0%; Kappa: 0.41) was observed between experts and microscopists on malaria detection in all health facilities. The sensitivity and specificity of routine slide reading and the re-checking results were 78.1% and 80.7%, respectively. Likewise, positive predictive value of 65.1% and negative predictive value of 88.8% were scored in the routine diagnosis. By panel testing, a substantial overall agreement (A: 91.8%; K: 0.79) was observed between microscopists and experts in detecting malaria parasites. The sensitivity and specificity in the detection of malaria parasites was 92.7% and 89.1%, respectively. Furthermore, in identifying species, a slight agreement (A: 57%; K: 0.18) was observed between microscopists and experts. Conclusion: The study found significant false positive and false negative results in routine microscopy on slide re-checking of Plasmodium parasites. Moreover, reduced grade in parasite species identification was reported on the panel tests. Therefore, implementing comprehensive malaria microscopy mentorship, in-service training, and supportive supervision are the key strategies to improve the overall performance of health facilities in malaria microscopy.
Effects of Sensory Distraction and Salience Priming on Emotion Identification in Autism: an fMRI Study
Authors: Patterson Genevieve , Cummings Kaitlin K. , Jung Jiwon , Okada Nana J. , Tottenham Nim , Bookheimer Susan Y. , Dapretto Mirella , Green Shulamite A. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Social interaction often occurs in noisy environments with many extraneous sensory stimuli. This is especially relevant for youth with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) who commonly experience sensory over-responsivity (SOR) in addition to social impairment. However, the relationship between these symptoms is still poorly understood and thus rarely addressed in interventions. This study investigated the effect of auditory sensory distracters on neural processing of emotion identification in youth with ASD and the effects of increasing attention to social cues by priming participants with their own emotional faces.Methods: While undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), 30 youth with ASD and 24 typically developing (TD) age-matched controls (ages 8-17 years) identified faces as happy or angry with and without simultaneously hearing aversive environmental noises. Halfway through the task, participants also viewed videos of their own emotional faces. The relationship between parent-rated auditory SOR and brain responses during the task was also examined.Results: Despite showing comparable behavioral performance on the task, ASD and TD youth demonstrated distinct patterns of neural activity. Compared to TD, ASD youth showed greater increases in amygdala, insula and primary sensory regions when identifying emotions with noises compared to no sounds. After viewing videos of their own emotion faces, ASD youth showed greater increases in medial prefrontal cortex activation compared to TD youth. Within ASD youth, lower SOR was associated with reduced increased activity in subcortical regions after the prime and greater increased activity in ventromedial prefrontal cortex after the prime, particularly in trials with noises. Conclusions: The results suggest that the sensory environment plays an important role in how ASD youth process social information. Additionally, we demonstrated that increasing attention to relevant social cues helps ASD youth engage frontal regions involved in higher-order social cognition, a mechanism that could be targeted in interventions. Importantly, the effect of the intervention may depend on individual differences in SOR, supporting the importance of pre-screening youth for sensory challenges prior to social interventions.
Retrospective evaluation of vector-borne pathogens in cats living in Germany (2012-2020)
Authors: Schäfer Ingo , Kohn Barbara , Volkmann Maria , Müller Elisabeth 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Blood-feeding arthropods can transmit parasitic, bacterial, or viral pathogens to domestic animals and wildlife. Vector-borne infections are gaining significance due to increasing travel and import of pets from abroad, as well as the changing climate in Europe. The main objective of this study was to assess the percentage of cats with positive test results for selected vector-borne pathogens in Germany and explore any possible association of such results with time spent abroad.Methods: This retrospective study included test results from cats for which a ‘Feline Travel Profile’ established by the laboratory LABOKLIN had been requested by veterinarians in Germany between April 2012 and March 2020. This above-mentioned diagnostic panel includes the direct detection of Hepatozoon spp. and Dirofilaria spp. via PCR as well as indirect detection assays (IFAT) for Ehrlichia spp. and Leishmania spp. The panel was expanded to include an IFAT for Rickettsia spp. from July 2015 onwards.Results: A total of 624 cats were tested using the “Feline Travel Profile”. Serum for indirect detection assays was available for all 624 cats, EDTA-samples for direct detection methods were available from 618 cats. Positive test results were as follows: Ehrlichia spp. IFAT 73 out of 624 (12%), Leishmania spp. IFAT 22 out of 624 (4%), Hepatozoon spp. PCR 53 out of 618 (9%), Dirofilaria spp. PCR 1 out of 618 cats (0.2%) and, Rickettsia spp. IFAT 52 out of 467 cats (11%) tested from July 2015 onwards. Three cats had positive test results for more than one pathogen before 2015. After testing for Rickettsia spp. was included in 2015, 19 cats had positive test results for more than one pathogen (Rickettsia spp. were involved in 14 out of these 19 cats).Conclusions: At least one pathogen could be detected in 175 out of 624 cats (28%) via indirect and/or direct detection methods. Four percent had positive test results for more than one pathogen. This data emphasizes the importance of considering the above-mentioned vector-borne infections as potential differential diagnoses in clinically symptomatic cats.
The landscape of chromatin accessibility in skeletal muscle during embryonic development in pigs
Authors: Yue Jingwei , Hou Xinhua , Liu Xin , Wang Ligang , Gao Hongmei , Zhao Fuping , Shi Lijun , Shi Liangyu , Yan Hua , Deng Tianyu , Gong Jianfei , Wang Lixian , ZHANG Longchao 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The development of skeletal muscle during the embryonic stage in pigs is precisely regulated by transcriptional mechanisms, which depends on chromatin accessibility. However, the landscape of chromatin accessibility in skeletal muscle during embryonic development in pigs has not been reported. To gain insight into the landscape of chromatin accessibility and the associated genome-wide transcriptome during embryonic muscle development, we performed ATAC-seq and RNA-seq on skeletal muscle of pig embryos at 45, 70 and 100 days post coitus (dpc).Results: In total, 21638, 35447 and 60181 unique regions (or peaks) were found across 45 dpc (LW45), 70 dpc (LW70) and 100 dpc (LW100) embryos, respectively. More than 91% of peaks were annotated within -1 kb to 100 bp of transcription start sites (TSSs). First, widespread increases in specific accessible chromatin regions (ACRs) from 45 to 100 dpc embryos suggested that the regulatory mechanisms became increasingly complicated during embryonic development. Second, the findings of integrated ATAC-seq and RNA-seq analyses showed that not only the numbers but also the peak intensities of ACRs could control the expression of associated genes. Finally, motif screening of stage-specific ACRs revealed some transcription factors that regulated muscle development-related genes, such as MyoD, Mef2c, and Mef2d. Motif screening of DPI of common peaks detected that a potential transcriptional repressor, namely CTCF, was identified among those genes that exhibited different change trends between the ATAC-seq and RNA-seq data.Conclusions: This work indicates that chromatin accessibility plays an important regulatory role in the embryonic muscle development of pigs and regulates the temporal and spatial expression patterns of key genes in muscle development by influencing the binding of transcription factors. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the regulatory dynamics of genes involved in pig embryonic skeletal muscle development.
Eliminating Plasmodium falciparum malaria: Results from tailoring active case detection approaches to remote populations in forested border areas in north-eastern Cambodia
Authors: Stratil Ann-Sophie , Vernaeve Lieven , Lopes Sergio , Bourny Yves , Mannion Kylie , Hamade Prudence , Roca-Feltrer Arantxa , Tibenderana James K. , Sovannaroth Siv , Debackere Mark 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Remaining Plasmodium falciparum cases in Cambodia are concentrated in forested border areas and in remote populations who are hard to reach through passive case detection. A key approach to reach these populations is active case detection by mobile malaria workers (MMWs). However, this is operationally challenging because of changing movement patterns of the target population moving into less accessible areas. From January 2018 to December 2020, a tailored package of active case detection approaches was implemented in forested border areas of three provinces in north-eastern Cambodia to reach remote populations and support the elimination of P. falciparum malaria.Approach: Key elements of this project were to tailor approaches to local populations, use responsive monitoring systems, maintain operational flexibility, build strong relationships with local communities, and implement close supervision practices. MMWs were recruited from local communities. Proactive case detection approaches included mobile malaria posts positioned at frequented locations around and within forests, and locally informed outreach activities targeting more remote locations. Reactive case detection was conducted among co-travellers of confirmed cases. Testing for malaria was conducted independent of fever symptoms. Routine monitoring of programmatic data informed tactical adaptations, while supervision exercises ensured service quality. Results: Despite operational challenges, service delivery sites were able to maintain consistently high testing rates throughout the implementation period, with each site testing a monthly average of 64 (standard deviation 6) people in 2020. Over the project period, the P. falciparum/P. vivax ratio steadily inversed. In 2020, MMWs detected only 32 P. falciparum cases. Including data from neighbouring health facilities and village malaria workers, 45% (80,988/180,732) of all people tested and 39% (1,280/3,243) of P. falciparum cases detected in the area can be attributed to project MMWs.Remaining challenges: Maintaining intensified elimination efforts, addressing the issue of detecting low parasitemia cases and shifting focus to P. vivax malaria challenge the last phase of malaria elimination.Conclusions: Reaching remote populations through active case detection should remain a key strategy to eliminate P. falciparum malaria. We have presented a successful approach combining tailored proactive and reactive strategies that could be transferred to similar settings in other areas of the Greater Mekong Subregion.
Terapia fotodinâmica antimicrobiana como recurso adjuvante no tratamento endodôntico em dentes infectados: análise bibliométrica e revisão de literatura
Authors: Figueirêdo Júnior Ernani Canuto , Pereira Marcielly Moreira , Torres Renata Correia Sotero Dália , Missias Eucaé Miranda , Pereira Jozinete Vieira , Albuquerque Mônica Soares de 
Published: January 2021

As infecções endodônticas são caracterizadas por apresentarem uma microbiota diversificada e complexa, desempenhando um papel importante no desenvolvimento das patologias pulpares e periapicais. Entretanto, apesar de o controle dessa infecção ser o principal objetivo do tratamento endodôntico de dentes infectados, os procedimentos químico-mecânicos podem falhar na remoção dos microrganismos patogênicos no sistema de canais radiculares, sendo necessário a realização de estratégias adjuvantes para sua desinfecção. Dentre essas, a terapia fotodinâmica antimicrobiana tem se destacado como um método promissor no tratamento das infecções endodônticas. Diante disso, este estudo consiste em uma análise bibliométrica e uma revisão de literatura acerca do uso da laserterapia através da terapia fotodinâmica como estratégia adjuvante na desinfecção dos canais radiculares. O levantamento de dados deste trabalho foi realizado nas bases de dados PUBMED, Science Direct e Scielo, incluindo-se um total de 39 artigos. Assim, foram detalhados e discutidos aspectos gerais acerca das limitações encontradas nos procedimentos químico-mecânicos convencionais durante o tratamento endodôntico, destacando nesse contexto aspectos como a importância, as vantagens, o mecanismo e a eficácia da utilização da terapia fotodinâmica como recurso adjuvante no tratamento endodôntico de dentes infectados, concluindo-se que a utilização da terapia fotodinâmica representa uma estratégia promissora e eficaz para ser utilizada em associação com os protocolos de desbridamento químico-mecânico convencional visando à potencialização da desinfecção dos canais radiculares.
Effect of Random Strength Parameters of Flange Steel on Bending Resistance and Deflections of Girders with Corrugated Web
Authors: BASIŃSKI Witold 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The study presents results of statistical investigations into random strength parameters of steel used to manufacture flanges of plate girders with corrugated web. In the case of plate girders with corrugated webs, flanges are manufactured from flat sheet steel S235JRG2 or S355J2+N or S275. The guaranteed yield strength Remin
is determined on the basis of tests conducted on steel samples. It should be lower than yield strength of flat sheets obtained as the result of testing mechanical properties. This value at the same time should be regarded as the margin of resistance of girders. The material tests were performed on samples randomly collected from 20 girders with corrugated web and flange thickness of 15 and 20 mm, which had been already examined. Coefficients of variation of yield strength VRe
=D(Re
)/E(Re
) and partial factors of yield strength γm
were selected on the basis of the conducted analysis of material tests. The obtained results were related to factors γm
determined from the tests on thin flat sheets. The impact of yield strength and random cross-sectional area of flanges on bending resistance of girders with corrugated web was shown. Also the effect of the spread of the Young’s modulus values and semi-rigid connections on global displacements of tested plate girders with corrugated web was analyzed.
Recovery of Tantalum from Different Resources
Authors: GENEROWICZ Natalia , KULCZYCKA Joanna 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Tantalum is a chemical element with important properties. It is used in industry and its numerous branches for instance in jewelry and watchmaking products. As a result, it is not uncommon for this metal to become an object of interest for a variety of buyers. After it has been bought back from the customers, tantalum can be recycled and, as a result, its full content can be retrieved. In economy, tantalum has become a ‘technology-critical element’ which is increasingly used in new technologies. This has led to a need to evaluate potential environmental impacts, which, in turn, requires knowledge of its concentration in the natural and industrial environment. This paper will present secondary sources of tantalum extraction and recycling, which makes it possible to limit the use of this raw material from natural sources, which are in increasing exhaustion. The analysis also includes the case study of the old Penouta mine, and processing of tailings from waste-rock heaps and ponds on these area. It is located in the innermost part of the Iberian Variscan Belt in Galicia in northwest Spain where two main formations crop out: the Viana do Bolo Series (high-grade metamorphic rocks) and the Ollo de Sapo Formation.
O desenvolvimento do ser pessoal em Edith Stein.
Authors: Nunes Etelvina 
Published: January 2021

Este artigo apresenta a conceção de Stein sobre o desenvolvimento pessoal, que acontece a partir de um núcleo, um centro pessoal. Stein individua tal núcleo, já nos escritos fenomenológicos, como uma estrutura pessoal, sinónimo da individualidade própria, constituída por um eu anímico. A ideia do núcleo será desenvolvida numa fase posterior do seu pensamento, em que elabora uma ontologia em chave antropológica. O núcleo informa a alma e o corpo no decurso do processo. A individualidade não se dá pelo corpo (matéria), como defende Tomás de Aquino, mas pela ‘forma’, isto é, a partir do interior. O desenvolvimento compreende o todo da pessoa, tanto a interioridade como a exterioridade. No entanto, será na relação pessoal e única do ser humano com o ser divino, que o núcleo, entendido como a ‘essência da alma’, se abrirá plenamente e conhecerá aquela imagem ou ‘marca qualitativa’ específica que é a sua. O pleno desdobramento do núcleo estaria, portanto, na capacidade de amar a Deus e de amar o próximo.

Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento pessoal, núcleo, individualidade, pessoa, alma
ANALISIS PENGETAHUAN CALON GURU KIMIA TENTANG PERALATAN LABORATORIUM DAN FUNGSINYA
Authors: Udaibah Wirda 
Published: January 2021

Pembelajaran IPA berkaitan erat dengan cara mencari tahu (inkui- ri) tentang alam semesta secara sistematis, sehingga IPA bukan hanya penguasaan pengetahuan berupa fakta, konsep atau prinsip saja, tetapi merupakan suatu proses penemuan. Hal tersebut diperoleh melalui keg- iatan praktikum. Namun, pelaksanaannya di lapangan memiliki beberapa kelemahan antara lain rendahnya pengetahuan guru tentang peralatan kimia dan fungsinya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan calon guru kimia tidak dapat men- gidentifikasi peralatan laboratorium dan mengetahui fungsinya secara tepat. Kesalahan mahasiswa dapat diidentifikasi menjadi 5 kategori. Per- tama, sebagian mahasiswa mengetahui nama dan fungsinya namun tidak mengetahui gambar alat (tidak mengetahui wujudnya). Kedua, mengeta- hui nama tetapi tidak mengetahui fungsi dan gambar alat. Ketiga, tidak dapat menyebutkan nama dengan benar tetapi mengetahui fungsi dan gambar alat. Keempat, mengetahui nama dan gambar tetapi tidak menge- tahui fungsinya. Dan yang kelima, tidak mengetahui nama, fungsi maupun gambar alat. Pengetahuan mahasiswa yang kurang dapat dipengaruhi oleh jumlah peralatan dan bahan masih belum mancukupi, keterbatasan waktu praktikum dan perlunya proses pendampingan dari dosen pengam- pu praktikum.