bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A performance-based funding da educação básica no Brasil
Authors: Reginaldo Sidney Guerra , Xavier Antônio Roberto , Santana José Rogério , Vasconcelos José Gerardo , Santos Maria José Costa dos , Soares Neto Josaphat , Scipião Lara Ronise de Negreiros Pinto 
Published: February 2021

As diretrizes da Emenda Constitucional n.° Emenda Constitucional n.° 53 que deu uma nova redação ao art. 60 do ato das disposições constitucionais transitórias (ADCT) criando o Fundo de Manutenção e Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica e de Valorização dos Profissionais da Educação FUNDEB, tendo como meta, no período de sua vigência de 10(dez) anos, melhorar a qualidade da educação básica brasileira, com o apoio de todos os entes federativos. Porém os resultados apresentados pelo Programa Internacional de Avaliação de Estudantes (PISA) revela que os investimentos na educação básica demonstra a falta de qualidade e a prática de se definir um projeto que traga resultados satisfatórios na performance-based funding dos nossos alunos. O presente artigo busca trazer uma reflexão sobre a perfomance dos alunos na educação básica, a partir dos resultados do PISA e os valores que foram investidos pelo (FUNDEB) na educação básica, permitindo, ao final, buscar novas possibilidades de melhoramento no desempenho dos alunos brasileiros nos diversos seguimentos educacionais. Para tanto, foram analisados descritivamente dados oficiais do governo no investimento na educação básica, utilizando de abordagens quanti-qualitativa, aplicando o método hipotético-dedutivo, recorrendo a uma forma descritiva concentrado no objeto do investimento na educação básica pelo FUNDEB.
Relação entre funcionalidade e letramento funcional em saúde em pessoas idosas
Authors: Bandeira Eliel de Oliveira , Abreu Daiane Porto Gautério , Lima Juliana Piveta de , Martins Nidia Farias Fernandes , Brum Aline Neutzling 
Published: February 2021

Objetivos: Verificar se há relação entre funcionalidade e letramento funcional em saúde em pessoas idosas assistidas pela Estratégia da Saúde da Família. Método: Estudo exploratório-descritivo, de abordagem quantitativa do tipo transversal, realizado em dez unidades de cobertura da Estratégia da Saúde da Família, totalizando 350 pessoas idosas. Para a coleta de dados utilizaram-se um questionário sociodemográfico e a aplicação dos instrumentos validados para mensurar a funcionalidade e o letramento funcional em saúde. A coleta de dados ocorreu no período de julho a dezembro de 2017 e foram realizados a análise estatística descritiva e os testes qui-quadrado, ANOVA e de correlação de Spearman. Resultados: Não houve relação entre atividades básicas de vida diária e letramento funcional em saúde. Houve uma correlação positiva entre as pontuações nas escalas de atividades instrumentais de vida diária e letramento funcional em saúde. Conclusão: Há relação entre funcionalidade e letramento funcional em saúde no que diz respeito às atividades instrumentais de vida diária.
Single-Cell RNA Sequencing and Quantitative Proteomics Analysis Elucidate Marker Genes and Molecular Mechanisms in Hypoplastic Left Heart Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Ma Li , Zhou Na , Zou Rongjun , Shi Wanting , Luo Yuanyuan , Du Na , Zhong Jing , Zhao Xiaodong , Chen Xinxin , Xia Huimin , Wu Yueheng 
Published: February 2021

ObjectiveTo probe markers and molecular mechanisms of the hypoplastic left heart (HLH) by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and quantitative proteomics analysis.MethodsFollowing data preprocessing, scRNA-seq data of pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes from one HLH patient and one control were analyzed by the Seurat package in R. Cell clusters were characterized, which was followed by a pseudotime analysis. Markers in the pseudotime analysis were utilized for functional enrichment analysis. Quantitative proteomics analysis was based on peripheral blood samples from HLH patients without heart failure (HLH-NHF), HLH patients with heart failure (HLH-HF), and healthy controls. Hub genes were identified by the intersection of pseudotime markers and differentially expressed proteins (DE-proteins), which were validated in the GSE77798 dataset, RT-qPCR, and western blot.ResultsCardiomyocytes derived from iPSCs were clustered into mesenchymal stem cells, myocardium, and fibroblast cells. Pseudotime analysis revealed their differentiation trajectory. Markers in the three pseudotime clusters were significantly associated with distinct biological processes and pathways. Finally, three hub genes (MMP2, B2M, and COL5A1) were identified, which were highly expressed in the left (LV) and right (RV) ventricles of HLH patients compared with controls. Furthermore, higher expression levels were detected in HLH patients with or without HF than in controls.ConclusionOur findings elucidate marker genes and molecular mechanisms of HLH, deepening the understanding of the pathogenesis of HLH.
Identifying Heart Failure in ECG Data With Artificial Intelligence—A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Grün Dimitri , Rudolph Felix , Gumpfer Nils , Hannig Jennifer , Elsner Laura K. , von Jeinsen Beatrice , Hamm Christian W. , Rieth Andreas , Guckert Michael , Keller Till 
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Electrocardiography (ECG) is a quick and easily accessible method for diagnosis and screening of cardiovascular diseases including heart failure (HF). Artificial intelligence (AI) can be used for semi-automated ECG analysis. The aim of this evaluation was to provide an overview of AI use in HF detection from ECG signals and to perform a meta-analysis of available studies.Methods and Results: An independent comprehensive search of the PubMed and Google Scholar database was conducted for articles dealing with the ability of AI to predict HF based on ECG signals. Only original articles published in peer-reviewed journals were considered. A total of five reports including 57,027 patients and 579,134 ECG datasets were identified including two sets of patient-level data and three with ECG-based datasets. The AI-processed ECG data yielded areas under the receiver operator characteristics curves between 0.92 and 0.99 to identify HF with higher values in ECG-based datasets. Applying a random-effects model, an sROC of 0.987 was calculated. Using the contingency tables led to diagnostic odds ratios ranging from 3.44 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.12–3.76] to 13.61 (95% CI = 13.14–14.08) also with lower values in patient-level datasets. The meta-analysis diagnostic odds ratio was 7.59 (95% CI = 5.85–9.34).Conclusions: The present meta-analysis confirms the ability of AI to predict HF from standard 12-lead ECG signals underlining the potential of such an approach. The observed overestimation of the diagnostic ability in artificial ECG databases compared to patient-level data stipulate the need for robust prospective studies.
Insulin Requirements and Carbohydrate to Insulin Ratio in Normal Weight, Overweight, and Obese Women With Type 1 Diabetes Under Pump Treatment During Pregnancy: A Lesson From Old Technologies
Authors: Festa Camilla , Fresa Raffaella , Visalli Natalia , Bitterman Olimpia , Giuliani Chiara , Suraci Concetta , Bongiovanni Marzia , Napoli Angela 
Published: February 2021

AimThe primary aim of this study was to assess insulin requirements and carbohydrate to insulin ratio (CHO/IR) in normal weight, overweight, and obese pregnant women with type 1 diabetes across early, middle, and late pregnancy.MethodsIn this multicenter, retrospective, observational study we evaluated 86 of 101 pregnant Caucasian women with type 1 diabetes under pump treatment. The women were trained to calculate CHO/IR daily by dividing CHO grams of every single meal by insulin units injected. Since the purpose of the study was to identify the CHO/IR able to reach the glycemic target, we only selected the CHO/IR obtained when glycemic values were at target. Statistics: SPSS 20.ResultsWe studied 45 normal weight, 31 overweight, and 10 obese women. Insulin requirements increased throughout pregnancy (p &lt; 0.0001 and &lt;0.001 respectively) in the normal and overweight women, while it remained unchanged in the obese women. Insulin requirements were different between groups when expressed as an absolute value, but not when adjusted for body weight. Breakfast CHO/IR decreased progressively throughout pregnancy in the normal weight women, from 13.3 (9.8–6.7) at the first stage of pregnancy to 6.2 (3.8–8.6) (p = 0.01) at the end stage, and in the overweight women from 8.5 (7.1–12.6) to 5.2 (4.0–8.1) (p = 0.001), while in the obese women it remained stable, moving from 6.0 (5.0–7.9) to 5.1 (4.1–7.4) (p = 0.7). Likewise, lunch and dinner CHO/IR decreased in the normal weight and overweight women (p &lt; 0.03) and not in the obese women. The obese women gained less weight than the others, especially in early pregnancy when they even lost a median of 1.25 (−1 −1.1) kg (p = 0.005). In early pregnancy, we found a correlation between pregestational BMI and insulin requirements (IU/day) or CHO/IR at each meal (p &lt; 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). In late pregnancy, a relationship between pre-gestational BMI and CHO/IR change was found (P = 0.004), as well as between weight gain and CHO/IR change (p=0.02). The significance was lost when both variables were included in the multiple regression analysis. There was no difference in pregnancy outcomes except for a higher pre-term delivery rate in the obese women.ConclusionPre-gestational BMI and weight gain may play a role in determining CHO/IR during pregnancy in women with type 1 diabetes under pump treatment.
Dietary Oxalate Loading Impacts Monocyte Metabolism and Inflammatory Signaling in Humans
Authors: Kumar Parveen , Patel Mikita , Oster Robert A. , Yarlagadda Vidhush , Ambrosetti Adam , Assimos Dean G. , Mitchell Tanecia 
Published: February 2021

Diet has been associated with several metabolic diseases and may impact immunity. Increased consumption of meals with high oxalate content may stimulate urinary calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals, which are precursors to CaOx kidney stones. We previously reported that CaOx stone formers have decreased monocyte cellular bioenergetics compared to healthy participants and oxalate reduces monocyte metabolism and redox status in vitro. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether dietary oxalate loading impacts monocyte cellular bioenergetics, mitochondrial complex activity, and inflammatory signaling in humans. Healthy participants (n = 40; 31.1 ± 1.3 years) with a BMI of 24.9 ± 0.6 kg/m2 consumed a controlled low oxalate diet for 3 days before drinking a blended preparation of fruits and vegetables containing a large amount of oxalate. Blood and urine were collected before (pre-oxalate) and for 5 h after the oxalate load to assess urinary oxalate levels, monocyte cellular bioenergetics and mitochondrial complex activity, and plasma cytokine/chemokine levels. Urinary oxalate levels significantly increased in post-oxalate samples compared to pre-oxalate samples. Monocyte cellular bioenergetics, mitochondrial complex I activity, and plasma cytokine and chemokine levels were altered to varying degrees within the study cohort. We demonstrate for the first time that dietary oxalate loading may impact monocyte metabolism and immune response in a cohort of healthy adults, but these response are variable. Further studies are warranted to understand oxalate mediated mechanisms on circulating monocytes and how this potentially influences CaOx kidney stone formation.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03877276.
Associations of Serum Liver Function Markers With Brain Structure, Function, and Perfusion in Healthy Young Adults
Authors: Chen Jingyao , Liu Siyu , Wang Chunli , Zhang Cun , Cai Huanhuan , Zhang Min , Si Li , Zhang Shujun , Xu Yuanhong , Zhu Jiajia , Yu Yongqiang 
Published: February 2021

Background: Previous neuroimaging studies have demonstrated brain abnormalities in patients with hepatic diseases. However, the identified liver–brain associations are largely limited to disease-affected populations, and the nature and extent of such relations in healthy subjects remain unclear. We hypothesized that serum liver function markers within a normal level would affect brain properties.Method: One hundred fifty-seven healthy young adults underwent structural, resting-state functional, and arterial spin labeling MRI scans. Gray matter volume (GMV), regional homogeneity (ReHo), and cerebral blood flow (CBF) analyses were performed to assess brain structure, function, and perfusion, respectively. Peripheral venous blood samples were collected to measure serum liver function markers. Correlation analyses were conducted to test potential associations between liver function markers and brain imaging parameters.Results: First, serum proteins showed relations to brain structure characterized by higher albumin associated with increased GMV in the parahippocampal gyrus and amygdala and lower globulin and a higher albumin/globulin ratio with increased GMV in the olfactory cortex and parahippocampal gyrus. Second, serum bilirubin was linked to brain function characterized by higher bilirubin associated with increased ReHo in the precuneus, middle cingulate gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, and supramarginal gyrus and decreased ReHo in the caudate nucleus. Third, serum alanine transaminase (ALT) was related to brain perfusion characterized by higher ALT associated with increased CBF in the superior frontal gyrus and decreased CBF in the middle occipital gyrus, angular gyrus, precuneus, and middle temporal gyrus. More importantly, we found that CBF in the superior frontal gyrus was a significant mediator of the association between serum ALT level and working memory performance.Conclusion: These findings may not only expand existing knowledge about the relationship between the liver and the brain but also have clinical implications for studying brain impairments secondary to liver diseases as well as providing potential neural targets for their diagnosis and treatment.
Low-Cost, Accurate, Effective Treatment of Hypertensive Cerebral Hemorrhage With Three-Dimensional Printing Technology
Authors: Li Ke , Ding Xiangqian , Wang Qingbo , Fan Gangxian , Guo Wei , Li Chenglong , Li Meng , Li Zefu 
Published: February 2021

Background: Hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH) is an acute, severe neurosurgical disease. Puncture drainage of the hematoma has gradually been accepted as a surgical treatment for HICH because of its minimally invasive nature. The precision of the puncture is extremely high because of particular physiological functions. This study was performed to explore the effect of a navigation mold created by three-dimensional printing (3DP) technology in the surgical treatment of HICH.Material and methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of all consecutive patients with ICH treated with minimally invasive surgery using 3DP navigation or craniotomy to remove the hematoma through a small bone window at the Binzhou Medical University Hospital from June 2017 to March 2019. In total, 61 patients were treated with minimally invasive surgery using 3DP navigation (3DP group), and 67 patients were treated with craniotomy to remove the hematoma through a small bone window (craniotomy group). A comparative study of the two groups was conducted to assess the preoperative and postoperative conditions.Results: The duration of the surgery was significantly longer in the craniotomy group than in the 3DP group (3.27 ± 1.14 h vs. 1.52 ± 0.23 h). Postoperative complication rates were significantly lower in the 3DP group than in the craniotomy group (18.0 vs. 34.3%). Moreover, the rate of patients with a Glasgow Outcome Scale score ≥4 points was not statistically significantly different in the two groups.Conclusion: Minimally invasive surgery assisted by 3DP navigation to treat patients with HICH appears to be safe and effective. The 3DP technique may improve the individualization and accuracy of the surgery.
High Nuclear Expression of Yes-Associated Protein 1 Correlates With Metastasis in Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Cha Yoon Jin , Bae Soong June , Kim Dooreh , Ahn Sung Gwe , Jeong Joon , Koo Ja Seung , Yoo Tae-Kyung , Park Woo-Chan , Lee Ahwon , Yoon Chang Ik 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundYes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) is a transcription factor regulated by the Hippo pathway and functions as an oncogene in various solid tumors under dysregulated Hippo pathway. However, the role of YAP1 in breast cancer remains controversial. Here, we investigated the impact of different levels of nuclear YAP1 expression on the clinical characteristics and survival outcome in patients with breast cancer.Patients and MethodsRetrospectively obtained 455 breast tumor samples at Gangnam Severance Hospital were examined for YAP1 expression by immunohistochemistry, and the clinical data were analyzed. External validation was performed using a retrospective cohort and tissues in 482 patients from Severance Hospital.ResultsHigh nuclear YAP1 expression was associated with hormone receptor negativity and aggressive tumor behavior, including lymph node metastasis, high Ki67 labeling index and inferior distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS, hazard ratio [HR] 2.271, 95% confidence intervals [CIs] 1.109–4.650, P = 0.0249), and also confirmed inferior disease free survival (HR 3.208, 95% CIs 1.313–7.833, P = 0.0105) in external validation cohort. In patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), high nuclear YAP1 expression was an independent significant determinant of poor DMFS (HR 2.384, 95% CIs 1.055–5.386, P = 0.0367).ConclusionOur findings suggest that nuclear YAP1 expression is a biomarker of adverse prognosis and a potential therapeutic target in patients with breast cancer, especially in TNBC.
Decreased DUSP26 Expression Promotes Malignant Behavior in Glioblastoma Cells via Deregulation of MAPK and Akt Signaling Pathway
Authors: Chen Jiajia , Zeng Yuecan , Wu Rong , Xuan Ying , Jiang Min , Teng Hao 
Published: February 2021

PurposeDual-specificity protein phosphatases 26 (DUSP26) is a recently identified phosphatase enzyme that regulates MAPK and Akt signaling pathways. The role of DUSP26 in the development and prognosis of high-grade gliomas (HGGs) and primary glioblastoma (GBM) has remained unclear and was the focus of this study.Materials and MethodsThe prognostic value of DUSP26 was assessed using retrospective analyses using online data sets and tissue microarray of HGGs. U251 and U87 cells modified to overexpress DUSP26 were utilized to study the role of DUSP26 in cell growth, migration, and cell apoptosis analyzed by CCK-8 assay, clonogenic, transwell migration, and TUNEL, respectively. The phosphorylation of proteins in MAPK and Akt signaling pathways was assayed by Western blot and immunofluorescence assays.ResultsAnalyses using available online data sets and tissue microarray showed that DUSP26 is down-regulated in high-grade gliomas and GBM as compared to normal brain. Stratification of glioma patients based on DUSP26 expression level showed an inverse correlation between DUSP26 expression and patient survival. At the cellular level, DUSP26 overexpression led to decreased cell proliferation, migration, and senescence in U251 and U87 cells, whereas apoptosis was increased as compared to corresponding controls. Interestingly, the biologic effects of DUSP26 overexpression were associated with the dephosphorylation of proteins in the MAPK and Akt signaling pathways.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that the loss of DUSP26 expression, seen in a subset of high-grade gliomas and GBM patients, facilitates malignant behavior; and with inverse correlation between its expression levels with patient survival. DUSP26 can serve as an independent prognostic factor.
Adjuvant Radiation in Older Patients With Glioblastoma: A Retrospective Single Institution Analysis
Authors: Lee Jessica W. , Kirkpatrick John P. , McSherry Frances , Herndon James E. , Lipp Eric S. , Desjardins Annick , Randazzo Dina M. , Friedman Henry S. , Ashley David M. , Peters Katherine B. , Johnson Margaret O. 
Published: February 2021

ObjectivesStandard 6-week and hypofractionated 3-week courses of adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) are both options for older patients with glioblastoma (GBM), but deciding the optimal regimen can be challenging. This analysis explores clinical factors associated with selection of RT course, completion of RT, and outcomes following RT.Materials and MethodsThis IRB-approved retrospective analysis identified patients ≥70 years old with GBM who initiated adjuvant RT at our institution between 2004 and 2016. We identified factors associated with standard or hypofractionated RT using the Cochran-Armitage trend test, estimated time-to-event endpoints using the Kaplan-Meier method, and found predictors of overall survival (OS) using Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsSixty-two patients with a median age of 74 (range 70–90) initiated adjuvant RT, with 43 (69%) receiving standard RT and 19 (31%) receiving hypofractionated RT. Selection of short-course RT was associated with older age (p = 0.04) and poor KPS (p = 0.03). Eight (13%) patients did not complete RT, primarily for hospice care due to worsening symptoms. After a median follow-up of 37 months, median OS was 12.3 months (95% CI 9.0–15.1). Increased age (p &lt; 0.05), poor KPS (p &lt; 0.0001), lack of MGMT methylation (p &lt; 0.05), and lack of RT completion (p &lt; 0.0001) were associated with worse OS on multivariate analysis. In this small cohort, GTV size and receipt of standard or hypofractionated RT were not associated with OS.ConclusionsIn this cohort of older patients with GBM, age and KPS was associated with selection of short-course or standard RT. These regimens had similar OS, though a subset of patients experienced worsening symptoms during RT and discontinued treatment. Further investigation into predictors of RT completion and survival may help guide adjuvant therapies and supportive care for older patients.