bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Method Development for a Short-Term 7-Day Toxicity Test with Unionid Mussels
Authors: Wang Ning , Kunz James L. , Hardesty Douglas K. , Steevens Jeffery A. , Norberg-King Teresa , Hammer Edward J. , Bauer Candice R. , Augspurger Tom , Dunn Suzanne , Martinez David , Barnhart M. Christopher , Murray Jordan , Bowersox Marcus , Roberts John , Bringolf Robert B. , Ratajczak Robert , Ciparis Serena , Cope W. Gregory , Buczek Sean B. , Farrar Daniel , May Lauren , Garton Mailee , Gillis Patricia L. , Bennett James , Salerno Joseph , Hester Brian , Lockwood Richard , Tarr Christopher , McIntyre Dennis , Wardell Jonathan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The US Environmental Protection Agency's short-term freshwater effluent test methods include a fish (Pimephales promelas), a cladoceran (Ceriodaphnia dubia), and a green alga (Raphidocelis subcapitata). There is a recognized need for additional taxa to accompany the three standard species for effluent testing. An appropriate additional taxon is unionid mussels because mussels are widely distributed, live burrowed in sediment and filter particles from the water column for food, and exhibit high sensitivity to a variety of contaminants. Multiple studies were conducted to develop a relevant and robust short-term test method for mussels. We first evaluated the comparative sensitivity of two mussel species (Villosa constricta and Lampsilis siliquoidea) and two standard species (P. promelas and C. dubia) using two mock effluents prepared by mixing ammonia and five metals (cadmium, copper, nickel, lead, and zinc) or a field-collected effluent in 7-day exposures. Both mussel species were equally or more sensitive (more than two-fold) to effluents compared with the standard species. Next, we refined the mussel test method by first determining the best feeding rate of a commercial algal mixture for three age groups (1, 2, and 3 weeks old) of L. siliquoidea in a 7-day feeding experiment, and then used the derived optimal feeding rates to assess the sensitivity of the three ages of juveniles in a 7-day reference toxicant (sodium chloride [NaCl]) test. Juvenile mussels grew substantially (30%–52% length increase) when the 1- or 2-week-old mussels were fed 2 ml twice daily and the 3-week-old mussels were fed 3 ml twice daily. The 25% inhibition concentrations (IC25s) for NaCl were similar (314–520 mg Cl/L) among the three age groups, indicating that an age range of 1- to 3-week-old mussels can be used for a 7-day test. Finally, using the refined test method, we conducted an interlaboratory study among 13 laboratories to evaluate the performance of a 7-day NaCl test with L. siliquoidea. Eleven laboratories successfully completed the test, with more than 80% control survival and reliable growth data. The IC25s ranged from 296 to 1076 mg Cl/L, with a low (34%) coefficient of variation, indicating that the proposed method for L. siliquoidea has acceptable precision. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:3392–3409. © 2021 SETAC
Upstream and Downstream – Exciting Advances to Modernize Fish Passage and Improve Data Collection
Authors: Grasty Sarah , Messina Michael , Bryan Janine 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Considering the myriad of ways in which advanced technology is being used in fisheries research, keeping atop of the newest developments is a challenge. The transfer of such specialized knowledge, even within the fisheries community, can be difficult, thereby hindering more widespread use of advanced technology in fisheries research. This predicament can be further compounded when information exchange between the freshwater and marine fisheries communities is limited. In a constantly shifting technological landscape, effecting stronger information transfer about technology within the fisheries community will lead to greater innovation, broader application, and more efficient and accurate science. This is the goal of the AFS Fisheries Information and Technology Section (FITS).
This is the third article in a series that FITS has coordinated with Fisheries to highlight some of the ways in which the latest advanced technologies are being used in marine and freshwater fisheries research. To learn more, check out https://units.fisheries.org/fits/, find us on Facebook and Twitter (@AFSFITS).
Informed substitution of hazardous chemicals through the lens of California's Safer Consumer Products Alternatives Analysis: Best practices, challenges, and opportunities
Authors: Grant Kelly A. , Nakayama Wong Lynn , Meng Qingyu , Lee Heather , Phelps Diana , Davis Suzanne , Salinas Melissa , Luan Tony , Zhou Xiaoying 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
California adopted the Safer Consumer Products (SCP) regulations in 2013, which mandate that companies that manufacture specific products containing designated chemicals of concern complete an Alternatives Analysis. Alternatives Analysis is a process to avoid regrettable substitution by identifying, comparing, and selecting safer alternatives based on technical functions, hazards, exposure pathways, life-cycle multimedia impacts, and economic impacts. The SCP Alternatives Analysis builds upon and expands existing frameworks for alternatives assessments (AAs). The aim of this study was to identify practices from AA that facilitate the robust assessment of alternatives and that align with SCP requirements and identify gaps in the practice. We evaluated completed AAs for methods regarding transparency and careful documentation of information sources, data gaps, uncertainty, criteria, and justification for decision-making. The AAs in this review demonstrate some of the challenges in the field. Most AAs have a constrained scope and only consider chemical substitutes rather than a broad array of functional alternatives. Their scopes were also limited in the hazard endpoints that were evaluated. This was most noted with ecotoxicity endpoints, which were generally confined to aquatic toxicity. The majority of AAs do not explicitly explain their decision-making methods or adequately discuss tradeoffs across the adverse impacts. The AAs also lack the analysis in the exposure, life-cycle impacts, and economic impacts that are required in the SCP Alternatives Analysis process. Further, we recommend strategies and research opportunities to address these challenges and strengthen the practice of AAs. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;18:1007–1019. © 2021 SETAC
KEY POINTS
The SCP Alternatives Analysis framework remains at the forefront of safer chemistry by embracing the hazard assessments at the core of AAs and extending those to examine both toxicological— and exposure—related hazard traits affecting human and ecological health, as well as the environment. Transparency is an attribute of a high-quality AA, either under the SCP Alternative Analysis framework or any other AA frameworks. The challenges in AAs identified in our analysis represent opportunities for the Community of Practice (CoP) to provide guidance, agree on best practices, or research to resolve some of the challenges. The assessment of ecological toxicity, exposure, economics, uncertainty, and consideration of a broader scope of alternatives represent growth areas for AA; furthermore, decision-making would benefit from greater transparency.
Caffeine‐induced neurotoxicity mediated by Nrf2 pathway in PC12 cells and zebrafish larvae
Authors: Chian Song , Jiang Zi‐cheng , Jiang Ling‐xia , Wang Ke‐ting , Fan Yu‐xuan , Liao Tinghao , Chen Wen‐shuang , Yao Wei‐xuan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCaffeine is one of the most widely used psychostimulants in the world and possesses central excitative, anti‐depressive, and neuroprotective properties. However, excessive ingestion or abuse of caffeine can lead to intoxication. Many toxic effects are attributed to oxidative damage, and nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a critical intracellular regulator of the oxidative stress response. Here, we investigated the neurotoxicity of caffeine in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells and zebrafish larvae. It was found that caffeine inhibited the viability of PC12 cells in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner. Furthermore, it induced PC12 cell apoptosis and elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blotting revealed that caffeine also inhibited the expression levels of Nrf2 mRNA and protein and its target genes (e.g., NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1 [NQO1]). Furthermore, Nrf2 silencing attenuated the toxic effects of caffeine. In addition, zebrafish larvae were treated with different doses of caffeine. Behavioral experiments showed that a low dose of caffeine (0.05 to 0.3 mM) increased the average distance of movement and promoted excitation. Survivorship curves showed that caffeine (0.2 to 1.5 mM) caused lethality. Finally, qPCR revealed that a higher dose of caffeine inhibited mRNA levels in the Nrf2 pathway. Based on these results, this study identified for the first time that overuse of caffeine can induce neurotoxicity by inhibiting the Nrf2 pathway. These results will provide a new perspective for studies on caffeine toxicity.
Simple synthesis route for fabrication of protective photo‐crosslinked poly(zwitterionic) membranes for application in non‐enzymatic glucose sensing
Authors: Olejnik Adrian , Karczewski Jakub , Dołęga Anna , Siuzdak Katarzyna , Cenian Adam , Grochowska Katarzyna 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis work focuses on the fabrication of non‐enzymatic glucose sensing materials based on laser‐formed Au nanoparticles embedded in Ti‐textured substrates. Those materials possess good catalytic activity toward glucose oxidation in 0.1 × phosphate buffered saline as well as resistance to some interferants, such as ascorbic acid, urea, and glycine. The electrodes are further coated with three different polymers, that is, Nafion, photo‐crosslinked poly(zwitterions) based on sulfobetaine methacrylate, and a hybrid membrane consisting of both polymers. Both the optimal integrity of the material and its catalytic activity toward glucose oxidation were maintained by the hybrid membranes with a large excess of poly(zwitterions) (mass ratio 20:1). The chemical structures of the as‐formed membranes are confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Due to the zwitterionic nature of the coating, the electrodes are resistant to biofouling and maintain electrochemical activity toward glucose for 4 days. Moreover, due to the synergistic effect of both Nafion and poly(zwitterions), the interference from the two compounds, namely, from acetylsalicylic acid and acetaminophen, was diminished. Besides the presence of polymer membranes, the electrode possesses a sensitivity of 36.8 μA cm−2 mM−1 in the linear range of 0.4–12 mM, while the limit of detection was estimated to be 23 μM. Finally, the electrodes are stable, and their response is not altered even by 1,000 bending cycles.
Dexmedetomidine regulates sevoflurane‐induced neurotoxicity through the miR‐330‐3p/ULK1 axis
Authors: Xu Shan , Gao Ruyue , Chen Liang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSevoflurane (Sev), a widely used volatile anesthetic, can cause long‐term neurotoxicity and learning and memory impairment. Dexmedetomidine (Dex) has been reported to exhibit neuroprotective effects in numerous neurological disorders. Our work aimed to evaluate the molecular mechanisms of Dex in Sev‐induced neurotoxicity. In this study, it was found that Dex mitigated Sev‐induced neurotoxicity. Moreover, Sev treatment upregulated the miR‐330‐3p expression in hippocampus tissues, while this effect was reversed by the Dex treatment. Additionally, microRNA‐330‐3p (miR‐330‐3p) inhibition was verified to inhibit cell apoptosis and facilitate mitophagy. ULK1 was confirmed as a downstream target of miR‐330‐3p and miR‐330‐3p could negatively regulate ULK1 expression. Finally, the effects of miR‐330‐3p inhibition on Sev‐induced neurotoxicity could be offset by ULK1 knockdown or further intensified by Dex treatment. In summary, our study demonstrated that Dex regulated cell apoptosis and mitophagy in Sev‐induced neurotoxicity through the miR‐330‐3p/ULK1 axis. These findings might provide novel insights into the treatment of Sev‐induced neurotoxicity.
Developing an ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry for detecting aldosterone in human plasma
Authors: Lin Wenbin , Yao Zhenrong , Li Yuzhe , Liao Zhihao , Xiao Jiahao , Chen Yonghong , Feng Pinning , Gan Wenjia 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundAccurately measuring plasma aldosterone concentration is difficult but meaningful for primary aldosteronism (PA) diagnosis.MethodsIn this study, we developed an ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS/MS) method for plasma aldosterone detection, evaluated its performance according to guidelines issued by CLSI, including detection limit, linearity, precision, and compared it with chemiluminescence immunoassay. Then, a reference range of plasma aldosterone in young people was established by using this method.ResultsThe lower limit of quantitation (LOQ) was 10 pg/ml. The mean recovery rates of analyte added to serum were 100.07–102.05% in different concentrations. The linearity range was 20–2000 pg/ml. Inter‐assay CVs were 2.20–3.97% at aldosterone concentrations of 65.66–854.75 pg/ml. The regression equation of UPLC‐MS/MS (x) and chemiluminescence immunoassay (y) was y = 1.002x + 65.854 (r = 0.9456, n = 237). The reference range of plasma aldosterone detected by UPLC‐MS/MS was 11.30–363.82 pg/ml in young people in South China, and there was no statistically significant difference in plasma aldosterone concentration between two genders.ConclusionIn conclusion, UPLC‐MS/MS can rapidly and accurately detect plasma aldosterone and is appropriate for clinical application.
Assessing influenza vaccination success to inform COVID‐19 vaccination campaign
Authors: Moreland Ashley , Gillezeau Christina , Alpert Naomi , Taioli Emanuela 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGiven recent downward trends in daily rates of COVID‐19 vaccinations, it is important to reassess strategies to reach those most vulnerable. The success and efficacy of vaccination campaigns for other respiratory illnesses, such as influenza, may help inform messaging around COVID‐19 vaccinations. This cross‐sectional study examines the individual‐level factors associated with, and the spatial distribution of, predictors of COVID‐19 severity, and uptake of influenza and hepatitis B (as a negative control) vaccines across NYC. Data were obtained from the 2018 Community Health Survey (CHS), including self‐reported influenza and hepatitis B vaccine uptake, diabetes, asthma, hypertension, body mass index (BMI), age, race/ethnicity, educational attainment, borough, and United Hospital Fund (UHF) neighborhood of residence. A CDC‐defined COVID‐19 severity risk score was created with variables available in the CHS, including diabetes, asthma, hypertension, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, and age ≥65 years old. After adjustment, there was a significant positive association between COVID‐19 severity risk score and influenza vaccine uptake (1: ORadj = 1.49, 95% CI 1.28–1.73; 2: ORadj = 1.99; 95% CI: 1.65–2.41; 3+: ORadj = 2.89; 95% CI: 2.32–3.60, compared to 0). Hepatitis B vaccine uptake was significantly inversely associated with COVID‐19 severity risk score (1: ORadj = 0.67; 95% CI: 0.57–0.79; 2: ORadj = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.44–0.66; 3+: ORadj = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.36–0.56, compared to 0). The influenza vaccination campaign template is effective at reaching those most at risk for serious COVID‐19 and, if implemented, may help reach the most vulnerable that have not yet been vaccinated against COVID‐19.
Detection of structural degradation of porcine bone in different marine environments with Raman spectroscopy combined with chemometrics
Authors: Garagoda Arachchige P. Samanali , Hughes Jennifer L. , Bell Lynne S. , Gordon Keith C. , Fraser‐Miller Sara J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe investigation of time since exposure and taphonomic alteration of bone in marine environments is crucial in forensic sciences. In this study, we explored the diagenetic changes to juvenile porcine bone in two different environmental marine contexts (submerged and intertidal) and how seasonal variation at time of deposition impacted on the pattern of taphonomic alteration in bone during early stages of exposure, from 6 to 24 weeks. The analysis was conducted using Raman spectroscopy combined with chemometrics. Principal component analysis of the Raman data of the recovered bones (either summer or winter season in 2014) showed that the main chemical changes occurred in the bioapatite (phosphate band, ν1(PO43−) at 961 cm−1) and organic constituents in the bones and depended on the exposure environment. Support vector machine (SVM) classification analysis classified the samples based on bone type, exposed environment and season, with high accuracy (>80%), but exposure time was less accurate (56%), although still higher than chance. When applying a SVM regression, time since exposure could be predicted with a ±5‐week uncertainty. This study illustrated the potential and limitations of using Raman spectroscopy to detect structural degradation of bone in different marine environments for forensic purposes.
Development and application of sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra data acquisition modes on ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography triple‐quadrupole/time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry for metabolic profiling of amino acids in human plasma
Authors: Ren Wenbo , Wang Tingting , Hu Xiuhong , Li Yanyan , Ji Zhengchao , Guo Haiyang , Cao Haiwei , Huang Jing 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAccumulating evidence suggests that amino acids are important indicators of nutritional and metabolic status. A high‐resolution mass spectrometry method based on sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra acquisition was developed for the simultaneous determination of 16 amino acids in human plasma. Sample preparation by protein precipitation using a mixture of acetonitrile and formic acid was followed by a BEH Amide column. The superiority of this method was investigated by comparing it to time‐of‐flight scan and multiple reaction monitoring modes. The limit of detection in sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra mode for threonine, methionine, histidine, citrulline, and tryptophan is 0.1 ng on the column; for lysine and asparagine is 0.2 ng; for alanine, pyroglutamic acid, leucine, ornithine, and aspartate is 0.5 ng, for arginine is 1.0 ng; for glutamate and serine is 2.0 ng; for glutamine is 10.0 ng. This method was linear in the range 0.8–40 μg/mL for arginine, citrulline, glutamate, histidine, leucine, methionine, pyroglutamic acid, threonine, tryptophan; 2–100 μg/mL for asparagine, aspartate, lysine, ornithine, serine; and 4–200 μg/mL for alanine, glutamine with good accuracy and precision. Significantly different levels in 11 amino acids were observed between childhood and adulthood, representing the growth and development of individuals relating to the level of amino acids.
Dissolved organic compounds with synchronous dynamics share chemical properties and origin
Authors: Merder Julian , Röder Heidelinde , Dittmar Thorsten , Feudel Ulrike , Freund Jan A. , Gerdts Gunnar , Kraberg Alexandra , Niggemann Jutta 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe temporal dynamics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) are inherently linked with the functioning of aquatic ecosystems. Because DOM represents a complex mixture of millions of different compounds, the statistical analysis of DOM dynamics poses a huge challenge. Here, we present a statistical approach based on hierarchical clustering of time series that groups DOM compounds with synchronous dynamics. We applied this approach to time series of Fourier‐transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry data of DOM sampled over a period of 26 months near Helgoland, an island in the Southern North Sea. We identified three DOM clusters, which represented a total of 1392 different molecular formulae and showed distinct chemical properties and noticeably compound matches within the PubChem database. Correlations of the three DOM clusters with abundance data of prokaryote and phytoplankton species and with environmental parameters provided consistent indications on the potential origin of the clustered compounds. The first cluster integrated terrestrial DOM originating from riverine discharge reaching Helgoland waters. The second cluster was attributed to DOM related to phytoplankton and microbial activity, whereas the third cluster was interpreted as representing the marine refractory DOM background. Accordingly, while further partitioning divided each of the first two clusters into five sub‐clusters with distinct temporal dynamics and molecular characteristics, the third cluster persisted as a stable feature. Applying a purely mathematical approach, we thus confirmed the differential dynamics of individual DOM compounds and compound groups and showed that temporal dynamics of dissolved molecules are linked to their origin and transformation history.
Socioeconomic status and depressive symptoms in older people with the mediation role of social support: A population‐based longitudinal study
Authors: Zhou Shuduo , Gao Liqun , Liu Fangjing , Tian Wenya , Jin Yinzi , Zheng Zhi‐Jie 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundDepressive symptoms has become an increasingly important public health issue, contributing to disability and disease burden around the world. Higher socioeconomic status (SES) has been found to be associated with lower prevalence of depression, but there are few studies about the older Chinese adults with long‐term follow up and rigorous prospective design. Meanwhile, there is little conclusive evidence about the mechanisms through which SES influences the onset of depressive symptoms.ObjectiveTo prospectively examine the association of baseline socioeconomic factors with the risks of developing depressive symptoms during 7‐year follow up in older Chinese population, and to study the mechanism by which SES impacts the prevalence of depressive symptoms.MethodsA total of 5677 individuals over 45 years who participated in an ongoing nationally representative prospective cohort study, China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, were free from depressive symptoms at baseline, and completed 7‐year follow‐up were included. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 10‐item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale score. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the association of SES and the incidence of depressive symptoms in 2011 to 2018. Generalized structural equation model was used to analyze the mediation effects of social support on the relation between SES and depressive symptoms.ResultsDuring the 7‐year follow‐up, 2398 (42.2%) cases were identified as depressive symptoms. Compared with the lowest level of household income, participants with the highest level of household income had a 20% reduction in risk (95% CI, 0.70–0.92, P < 0.001). Participants who had junior high school or above education had a 41% lower risk of depressive disorders compared with illiterate participants (95% CI, 0.52–0.69, P < 0.001). The relationship between SES and depressive symptoms was partially mediated by the social support, where higher social support was negatively associated with depressive symptoms. The proportion of mediation effect was even larger for women compared with men.ConclusionSocioeconomic factors were independently associated with the development of depressive symptoms, and the relationship was partially mediated by social support. Social support could be an effective intervention to alleviate the negative effects of lower SES on mental health. Multiple‐level policies should precisely target low‐SES groups, and timely intervention to promote social support for this group should be used to reduce the influence of depression on individuals, family as well as the whole society.