bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of restoration and management of Mediterranean traditional water systems on Odonata alpha diversity: a long-term monitoring survey
Authors: Monzó José C. , Verdú José R. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe progressive abandonment and disappearance of traditional water uses and management of wetlands during the twentieth century has led not only to a loss of identity, heritage, and landscape values, but also to significant declines in the diversity and abundance of many organisms. Here, we take advantage of an existing project for the restoration and management of traditional irrigation infrastructures in the wetland of El Prado (Pinoso, south-eastern Spain) to evaluate the spatio-temporal effect of this action on the alpha diversity and abundance of Odonata. The wetland was organized in different sectors according to the coverage of riparian and aquatic vegetation, width and depth of watercourses, ditches and ponds, water flow, and restoration and management. Odonates were sampled every month for ten years. We used alpha diversity to measure biodiversity using Hill’s number diversity. To analyse how alpha diversity measures varied across all sectors sampled over the years, we determined diversity-time relationships. To assess the effects of the different variables on odonate biodiversity we used partial least squares regressions. Our results showed that restoration of traditional water infrastructures, encouraging the increase of aquatic vegetation cover, an adequate and regular management of riparian vegetation naturalizing the margins, as well as reducing speed of water flow have a positive effect on odonate diversity and abundance. Our study provides useful information for conservation and management of semi-arid wetlands and its associated water infrastructures by showing which actions are most successful to enhance biodiversity in one of the priority habitats for conservation in Europe.
Bracing Biophilia: When biophilic design promotes pupil’s attentional performance, perceived restorativeness and affiliation with Nature
Authors: Barbiero Giuseppe , Berto Rita , Venturella Alice , Maculan Nicola 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBiophilic design is an architectural model that offers the possibility to create the Nature-based Innovative Learning Environment (ILE), which might support cognitive processes and stimulate affiliation with Nature. Bracing Biophilia is an exploratory research programme which verifies the effect of Nature-based ILEs on pupils’ attentional performance and affiliation with Nature. We compared a conventional learning environment with two Nature-based environments made according to biophilic design and the Biophilic Quality Index (BQI). The experimental observations spanned three school years; they were carried out within a conventional learning environment in the first year and in a biophilic designed one in the next two. Measurements, that is the administration of the Perceived Restorativeness Scale-children, the Continuous Performance test, and the Connectedness to Nature Scale-children, were deployed at regular intervals at three different times (autumn, winter, spring) of each school year. Results show that learning environments with biophilic design, in addition to being preferred and perceived as more restorative, are more effective in supporting pupils' attentional performance than conventional learning environments and, over time, strengthen the feeling of affiliation with Nature. A BQI certified biophilic design learning environment turns out to be the best of all indoor environments and just below the outdoor learning environment used as a comparison of biophilic design indoor environment. Although the objective limitation of this study is the number of pupils, the trend appears clear and cannot be attributed to pupils’ cognitive maturation processes. This case study allows us to appreciate the importance of the restorative learning environments with biophilic design capable of supporting the learning process and strengthening the affiliation with Nature.
Occupancy of young-of-year Arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus) in Barrenland streams
Authors: Ellenor Jared R. , Cott Peter A. , Swanson Heidi K. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractArctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus) is an iconic fish species that is present across the remote subarctic Barrenlands, yet our lack of understanding of their distributional patterns constrains predictions of anthropogenic effects on Barrenland populations. These adfluvial fish rely on seasonal lake-stream connections to migrate, spawn, and rear. We address knowledge gaps on what Barrenland stream attributes are suitable for rearing young-of-year Arctic grayling. Visual surveys of young-of-year Arctic grayling were conducted in 48 streams near Baker Lake, Nunavut, Canada. Occupancy modeling was used to relate stream habitat and landscape variables to fish presence/absence. The best predictors of occupancy were total area of contributing upstream lakes and landcover (upland/lowland); stream basins with larger contributing upstream lake area and more lowland cover were more likely to be occupied. Results suggest that occupancy reflects reliability of stream connectivity throughout the open water season and across years. The occupancy model developed here can adequately predict stream suitability for young-of-year Arctic grayling using lake area and land classification data that are remotely accessed. This may lessen the considerable financial and logistical constraints of conducting field research on Arctic grayling in the vast Barrenlands and facilitate more directed field programs to inform conservation and mitigation plans.
Effectiveness of Responsivity Intervention Strategies on Prelinguistic and Language Outcomes for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Group and Single Case Studies
Authors: McDaniel Jena , Brady Nancy C. , Warren Steven F. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe conducted a systematic review to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and single case research design (SCRD) studies of children with autism spectrum disorder that evaluate the effectiveness of responsivity intervention techniques for improving prelinguistic and/or language outcomes. Mean effect sizes were moderate and large for RCTs (33 studies; g = 0.36, 95% CI [0.21, 0.51]) and SCRD (34 studies; between-case standardized mean difference = 1.20, 95% CI [0.87, 1.54]) studies, respectively. Visual analysis (37 studies) revealed strong evidence of a functional relation for 45% of the opportunities and no evidence for 53%. Analyses of moderator effects and study quality are presented. Findings provide support for responsivity intervention strategies with more robust support for context-bound outcomes than more generalized outcomes.
A study on recognizing multi-real world object and estimating 3D position in augmented reality
Authors: Lee Taemin , Jung Changhun , Lee Kyungtaek , Seo Sanghyun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAs augmented reality technologies develop, real-time interactions between objects present in the real world and virtual space are required. Generally, recognition and location estimation in augmented reality are carried out using tracking techniques, typically markers. However, using markers creates spatial constraints in simultaneous tracking of space and objects. Therefore, we propose a system that enables camera tracking in the real world and visualizes virtual visual information through the recognition and positioning of objects. We scanned the space using an RGB-D camera. A three-dimensional (3D) dense point cloud map is created using point clouds generated through video images. Among the generated point cloud information, objects are detected and retrieved based on the pre-learned data. Finally, using the predicted pose of the detected objects, other information may be augmented. Our system estimates object recognition and 3D pose based on simple camera information, enabling the viewing of virtual visual information based on object location.
Two-Photon Endoscopy: State of the Art and Perspectives
Authors: Kučikas Vytautas , Werner Maximilian P. , Schmitz-Rode Thomas , Louradour Frédéric , van Zandvoort Marc A. M. J. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In recent years, the demand for non-destructive deep-tissue imaging modalities has led to interest in multiphoton endoscopy. In contrast to bench top systems, multiphoton endoscopy enables subcellular resolution imaging in areas not reachable before. Several groups have recently presented their development towards the goal of producing user friendly plug and play system, which could be used in biological research and, potentially, clinical applications. We first present the technological challenges, prerequisites, and solutions in two-photon endoscopic systems. Secondly, we focus on the applications already found in literature. These applications mostly serve as a quality check of the built system, but do not answer a specific biomedical research question. Therefore, in the last part, we will describe our vision on the enormous potential applicability of adult two-photon endoscopic systems in biological and clinical research. We will thus bring forward the concept that two-photon endoscopy is a sine qua non in bringing this technique to the forefront in clinical applications.
Particle therapy using protons or carbon ions for cancer patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED): a retrospective multi-institutional study
Authors: Hashimoto Takayuki , Demizu Yusuke , Numajiri Haruko , Isobe Tomonori , Fukuda Shigekazu , Wakatsuki Masaru , Yamashita Haruo , Murayama Shigeyuki , Takamatsu Shigeyuki , Katoh Hiroyuki , Murata Kazutoshi , Kohno Ryosuke , Arimura Takeshi , Matsuura Taeko , Ito Yoichi M. ,   Japan Radiological Society multi-institutional study group
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the outcomes of particle therapy in cancer patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs).Materials and methodsFrom April 2001 to March 2013, 19,585 patients were treated with proton beam therapy (PBT) or carbon ion therapy (CIT) at 8 institutions. Of these, 69 patients (0.4%, PBT 46, CIT 22, and PBT + CIT 1) with CIEDs (64 pacemakers, 4 implantable cardioverter defibrillators, and 1 with a cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator) were retrospectively reviewed. All the patients with CIEDs in this study were treated with the passive scattering type of particle beam therapy.ResultsSix (13%) of the 47 PBT patients, and none of the 23 CIT patients experienced CIED malfunctions (p = 0.105). Electrical resets (7) and over-sensing (3) occurred transiently in 6 patients. The distance between the edge of the irradiation field and the CIED was not associated with the incidence of malfunctions in 20 patients with lung cancer. A larger field size had a higher event rate but the test to evaluate trends as not statistically significant (p = 0.196).ConclusionDifferences in the frequency of occurrence of device malfunctions for patients treated with PBT and patients treated with CIT did not reach statistical significance. The present study can be regarded as a benchmark study about the incidence of malfunctioning of CIED in passive scattering particle beam therapy and can be used as a reference for active scanning particle beam therapy.
The Effect of Grain Boundary Carbides on Dynamic Recrystallization During Hot Compression of Ni-Based Superalloy Haynes $$282^{\mathrm{TM}}$$
Authors: Eriksson Emil , Andersson Joel , Hörnqvist Colliander Magnus 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In alloys where carbides are the main grain boundary phase, the role of carbides during hot working is not known. Here, we address the effect of grain boundary carbides on the dynamic recrystallization during hot compression of Ni-base superalloy Haynes 282. When excluding variations from experimental factors neither stress evolution nor final microstructure indicated that carbides exerted a significant influence on the dynamic recrystallization. The carbide solvus temperature is not a critical limit during thermomechanical processes.
Leveraging the Power of Peer Groups for Refugee Integration
Authors: Förster Maximilian , Klier Julia , Klier Mathias , Schäfer-Siebert Katharina , Sigler Irina 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRefugee integration, one long-term solution to the large number of people fleeing their home countries, constitutes a challenge for both refugees and host societies. ICT and especially online peer groups seem promising to support this process. Building on literature demonstrating the societal benefits of peer groups, this paper proposes a novel peer-group-based approach to address refugee integration and introduces both an online and offline realization. A randomized field experiment in cooperation with public (refugee) services and a non-governmental organization makes it possible to expand existing research by quantitatively demonstrating societal benefits of online peer groups and ICT for refugee integration. Further, this paper is the first to assess the effectiveness of online and offline peer groups in one experimental setup comparatively. Results show that peer groups provide substantial value with respect to the integration domains social bridges, social bonds, rights and citizenship as well as safety and stability. While the outcome of the various integration domains differs for online and offline peer groups, participants’ adoption rates were higher for online peer groups.
Hydrogel composite containing azelaic acid and tea tree essential oil as a therapeutic strategy for Propionibacterium and testosterone-induced acne
Authors: Bisht Alpna , Hemrajani Chetna , Rathore Charul , Dhiman Tania , Rolta Rajan , Upadhyay Navneet , Nidhi Prakriti , Gupta Gaurav , Dua Kamal , Chellappan Dinesh Kumar , Dev Kamal , Sourirajan Anuradha , Chakraborty Apala , Aljabali Alaa A. A. , Bakshi Hamid A. , Negi Poonam , Tambuwala Murtaza M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAzelaic acid (AzA) is a USFDA bioactive prescribed againstacne vulgaris. It possesses delivery challenges like poor aqueous solubility, low skin-penetrability, and dose-dependent side effects, which could be overcome by its synergistic combination with tea tree oil (TTO) as a microemulsion (ME)-based hydrogel composite. AzA-TTO ME was prepared to employ pseudo-ternary phase diagram construction. The best AzA-TTO ME was of uniform size (polydispersity index < 0.7), nano-range (~357.4 ± 2% nm), transmittance (> 90%), and negative zeta potential (−1.42 ± 0.25% mV) values. ME hydrogel composite with optimum rheological and textural attributes showed better permeation, retention, and skin-compliant characteristics, vis-a-vis marketed formulation (Aziderm™) when evaluated in Wistar rat skin. In vitro antibacterial efficacy in bacterial strains, i.e.,Staphylococcus aureus,Propionibacterium acne, andStaphylococcus epidermidis, was evaluated employing agar well plate diffusion and broth dilution assay. ME hydrogel has shown an increase in zone of inhibition by two folds and a decrease in minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by eightfold againstP. acnesvis-a-vis AzA. Finally, ME hydrogel composite exhibited a better reduction in the papule density (93.75 ± 1.64%) in comparison to Aziderm™ 72.69 ± 4.67%) on acne as developed in rats by inducing testosterone. Thus, the developed AzA-TTO ME hydrogel composite promises an efficacious and comparatively safer drug delivery system for the topical therapy ofacne vulgaris.Graphical abstract
Exploring units-locating in enumerating units of 3D arrays: linking units-locating to units-representation
Authors: Alstad Edgar , Berre Maren , Nilsson Per 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe aim of the present study is to explore strategies in enumerating units of three dimensional (3D) arrays. We analyse enumeration strategies of students in grade 3 (ages 8 to 9) in situations of cubical and spherical representations of units of 3D arrays. By exploring students’ strategies in these two situations, we find that difficulties in enumerating units in 3D arrays can be traced to difficulties in units-locating, with the consequence of applying double and triple counting. Our results also indicate that spherical units can serve as perceptual clues in units-locating and in assembling units into relevant composites. With input from our findings, we suggest research to investigate the following three hypotheses: (i) spherical units can turn students away from double and triple counting, (ii) spherical units can support students’ units-locating process and their ability to assemble units into relevant composites and (iii) teaching of enumerating 3D arrays should start with spherical units before cubical units.
Bi-objective scheduling algorithm for scientific workflows on cloud computing platform with makespan and monetary cost minimization approach
Authors: Hosseini Shirvani Mirsaeid , Noorian Talouki Reza 
Published: November 2021

AbstractScheduling of scientific workflows on hybrid cloud architecture, which contains private and public clouds, is a challenging task because schedulers should be aware of task inter-dependencies, underlying heterogeneity, cost diversity, and virtual machine (VM) variable configurations during the scheduling process. On the one side, reaching a minimum total execution time or makespan is a favorable issue for users whereas the cost of utilizing quicker VMs may lead to conflict with their budget on the other side. Existing works in the literature scarcely consider VM’s monetary cost in the scheduling process but mainly focus on makespan. Therefore, in this paper, the problem of scientific workflow scheduling running on hybrid cloud architecture is formulated to a bi-objective optimization problem with makespan and monetary cost minimization viewpoint. To address this combinatorial discrete problem, this paper presents a hybrid bi-objective optimization based on simulated annealing and task duplication algorithms (BOSA-TDA) that exploits two important heuristics heterogeneous earliest finish time (HEFT) and duplication techniques to improve canonical SA. The extensive simulation results reported of running different well-known scientific workflows such as LIGO, SIPHT, Cybershake, Montage, and Epigenomics demonstrate that proposed BOSA-TDA has the amount of 12.5%, 14.5%, 17%, 13.5%, and 18.5% average improvement against other existing approaches in terms of makespan, monetary cost, speed up, SLR, and efficiency metrics, respectively.
Corporate Responses to Tackling Modern Slavery: A Comparative Analysis of Australia, France and the United Kingdom
Authors: McGaughey Fiona , Voss Hinrich , Cullen Holly , Davis Matthew C 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe business and human rights agenda is gaining momentum internationally, perhaps best evidenced through recent legislative responses to tackling modern slavery. Using a reflexive law lens, we analyse three recent laws – the UK Modern Slavery Act 2015, the French ‘duty of vigilance’ law of 2017, and the Australian Modern Slavery Act 2018 (Cth). The three laws, or their accompanying guidance, share characteristics in terms of reporting requirements: the supply chain; risk mapping/assessment and management; analysis of subsidiary and supply chain risk; and effectiveness. The French Act has a broader scope as it is a due diligence, rather than a reporting law and includes obligations with regard to human rights and fundamental freedoms, health and safety, and the environment. It is the only Act of the three with substantive penalty provisions. All reporting requirements in the French and Australian Acts are mandatory, but the UK Act has limited mandatory reporting requirements. We find that only 22 companies globally will be required to report under all three laws. Using a subset of this dataset, we analysed 59 French vigilance plans and UK modern slavery statements published by nine manufacturing companies. This provided some preliminary analysis of how businesses have reported under the French Droit de Vigilance and the UK Modern Slavery Act (reports under the Australian Modern Slavery Act for these companies were not published at time of writing). Overall, businesses are using less demanding measures such as introducing policies and delivering training more commonly than the somewhat more resource-intensive activities such as audits. The more onerous requirements of the French law were reflected in the content and level of detail in the vigilance plans, compared with the UK modern slavery statements. However, for some companies, there were strong similarities between the UK and French publications, indicating ‘creep’ from the French Act into UK reports or a ‘race to the top’.
Algorithms, Manipulation, and Democracy
Authors: Christiano Thomas 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAlgorithmic communications pose several challenges to democracy. The three phenomena of filtering, hypernudging, and microtargeting can have the effect of polarizing an electorate and thus undermine the deliberative potential of a democratic society. Algorithms can spread fake news throughout the society, undermining the epistemic potential that broad participation in democracy is meant to offer. They can pose a threat to political equality in that some people may have the means to make use of algorithmic communications and the sophistication to be immune from attempts at manipulation, while other people are vulnerable to manipulation by those who use these means. My concern here is with the danger that algorithmic communications can pose to political equality, which arises because most citizens must make decisions about what and who to support in democratic politics with only a sparse budget of time, money, and energy. Algorithmic communications such as hypernudging and microtargeting can be a threat to democratic participation when persons are operating in environments that do not conduce to political sophistication. This constitutes a deepening of political inequality. The political sophistication necessary to counter this vulnerability is rooted for many in economic life and it can and ought to be enhanced by changing the terms of economic life.
Law, Freedom, and Slavery
Authors: Neoh Joshua 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper argues that the wrong of slavery lies in the denial of the good of law to the slave. Defending this proposition will require the positing of three related claims: (i) that law is good, (ii) that the good of law is denied to the slave, and (iii) that the denial is wrong. This paper will defend the main proposition by defending its three constituent claims. On claim (i), the paper will relate the form of law to the formation of freedom. On claim (ii), the paper will relate law’s objectivity to legal subjectivity. On claim (iii), the paper will relate the state of nature to the state of civil society.
On -genericity of distributional chaos
Authors: KAWAGUCHI NORIAKI 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLet M be a compact smooth manifold without boundary. Based on results by Good and Meddaugh [Invent. Math.220 (2020), 715–736], we prove that a strong distributional chaos is
$C^0$
-generic in the space of continuous self-maps (respectively, homeomorphisms) of M. The results contain answers to questions by Li, Li and Tu [Chaos26 (2016), 093103] and Moothathu [Topology Appl.158 (2011), 2232–2239] in the zero-dimensional case. A related counter-example on the chain components under shadowing is also given.