bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A simple alternative and improved HPLC method for the estimation of doravirine, lamivudine, and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in solid oral dosage form
Authors: Kokkirala Tej Kumar , Kancherla Prasad , Alegete Pallavi , Suryakala Duvvuri 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA novel method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of the doravirine, lamivudine, and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in the pharmaceutical dosage form. The chromatogram was run through an Ascentis C18 column (150 × 4.6 mm, 2.7  μm), with the mobile phase consisting of a phosphate buffer and acetonitrile in the ratio of 50:50 (v/v). The mobile phase was pumped through the column at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The column temperature was maintained at 30°C. The optimized wavelength for doravirine, lamivudine, and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate was 230.0 nm. The retention times for doravirine, lamivudine, and tenofovir disoproxil were 2.222, 2.764, and 3.403 min, respectively; the relative standard deviation (%) values of method precision for doravirine, lamivudine, and tenofovir disoproxil were 0.6, 0.6, and 0.1, respectively. The % recovery was 100.20%, 100.15%, and 100.36% for doravirine, lamivudine, and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, respectively. The limit of detection and limit of quantification values were obtained from regression equations of doravirine, lamivudine, and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, and were 0.24 and 0.73 ppm, 0.53 and 1.60 ppm, and 0.47 and 1.43 ppm, respectively. The regression equations of doravirine, lamivudine, and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate were y = 17,541x + 117,303, y = 15,555x + 10,791, and y = 15,250x + 31,663, respectively. The method developed was accurate, simple, precise, sensitive, and economical. Hence, it could be adopted for regular quality control for estimation of doravirine, lamivudine, and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in pharmaceutical industries.
Establishment and characterization of fibroblast cultures derived from a female common hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius) skin biopsy
Authors: Wang Tao , Li Zelong , Wei Jinpu , Zheng Dongmin , Wang Chen , Xu Chang , Chen Wu , Wang Bo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe population decline of the common hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius) has necessitated the preservation of their genetic resources for species conservation and research. Of all actions, cryopreservation of fibroblast cell cultures derived from an animal biopsy is considered a simple but efficient means. Nevertheless, preserving viable cell cultures of the common hippopotamus has not been achieved to our knowledge. To this end, we established and characterized fibroblast cell cultures from the skin sample of a newborn common hippopotamus in this study. By combining the tissue explant direct culture and enzymatic digestion methods, we isolated a great number of cells with typical fibroblastic morphology and high viability. Neither bacteria/fungi nor mycoplasma was detectable in the cell cultures throughout the study. The population doubling time was 34 h according to the growth curve. Karyotyping based on Giemsa staining showed that the cultured cells were diploid with 36 chromosomes in all, one pair of which was sex chromosomes. The amplified mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I gene sequence of the cultured cells was 99.26% identical with that of the registered H. amphibius complete mitochondrial DNA, confirming the species of origin of the cells. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining results revealed that the detected cells were positive for fibroblast markers, S100A4, and vimentin. In conclusion, we generated the fibroblast cell cultures from a common hippopotamus and identified their characteristics using multiple techniques. We believe the cryopreserved cells could be useful genetic materials for future research.
Methylation of miR‐19b‐3p promoter exacerbates inflammatory responses in sepsis‐induced ALI via targeting KLF7
Authors: Jiang Lingzhi , Wang Mingshan , Sun Renhua , Lin Zongbin , Liu Renyang , Cai Hanhui , Tang Zhiyun , Zhang Run 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSepsis‐induced acute lung injury is associated with dysregulated inflammatory reactions. MiR‐19b‐3p level was reported to be downregulated in patients with sepsis. To evaluate the role of miR‐19b‐3p in sepsis, cecum ligation and puncture‐induced mouse sepsis model and lpopolysaccharide (LPS)‐treated pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) were used. For in vivo study, lung tissue was harvested for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), IL‐1β, and p‐p65, p‐IκB measuring. Cell apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL assay. For in vitro study, cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected by CCK‐8 and flow cytometry, respectively. Methylation of miR‐19b‐3p promoter was measured by methylation‐specific PCR (MSP) assay. The target of miR‐19b‐3p was determined by dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay. The level of miR‐19b‐3p was determined to be downregulated in vitro and in vivo. In addition, miR‐19b‐3p protected mice from inflammation injury through inhibiting NF‐κB signaling pathway. Overexpression of miR‐19b‐3p increased cell viability, decreased apoptosis, and proinflammatory cytokines secretion in LPS‐treated PMVECs. Besides these, Krüppel‐like factor 7 (KLF7) was confirmed as the target of miR‐19b‐3p. And methylation of miR‐19b‐3p was the reason of decreased miR‐19b‐3p level. In conclusion, miR‐19b‐3p protected cells from sepsis‐induced inflammation injury via inhibiting NF‐κB signaling pathway, and KLF7 was a potential target.
Dissociated response related to corticosteroids in lung cancer treated by immunotherapy: A case report
Authors: Thomas Quentin Dominique , Sinoquet Léa , Maraver Antonio , Quantin Xavier 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe report the case of a patient with a complete metastatic adrenal response on Pembrolizumab for metastatic lung cancer. Treatment with a systemic corticosteroid‐induced a time‐dependent progression at his metastatic site. Surprisingly, after stopping the corticosteroid, we observed a new complete response in long‐term adrenal metastases.
Friedreich ataxia in a family from Mali, West Africa/Friedreich ataxia in a Malian family
Authors: Cissé Cheick A. K. , Cissé Lassana , Ba Hamidou O. , Samassékou Oumar , Simaga Assiatou , Taméga Abdoulaye , Diarra Salimata , Diallo Seybou H. , Coulibaly Thomas , Diallo Salimata , Yalcouyé Abdoulaye , Maiga Alassane B. , Keita Mohamed , Fischbeck Kenneth H. , Traoré Sékou F. , Guinto Cheick O. , Landouré Guida ,   from the H3Africa Consortium
Published: March 2021

AbstractFriedreich ataxia is the most common inherited ataxia in the world, but yet to be reported in black African. We report the first genetically confirmed case in a West African family. Studying genetic diseases in populations with diverse backgrounds may give new insights into their pathophysiology for future therapeutic targets.
A case of concomitant pulmonary embolism and pulmonary tuberculosis in the era of COVID 19, a matter of cautious approach
Authors: Dakhlia Sinda , Iqbal Phool , Abubakar Muhammad , Zara Sabeen , Murtaza Muhammad , Al Bozom Adel , Neffati Nedia 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTuberculosis (TB) is known to the world for many years. It is associated with various complications and rarely with pulmonary embolism. However, due to its commonalities of presenting features with COVID 19, it can easily be missed and may be life threatening.
Highly Efficient Bipolar Membrane CO2 Electrolysis
Authors: Mandal Mrinmay 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is a promising way to convert CO2 into value‐added products. Membrane‐based gas‐phase CO2RR offers several advantages like high selectivity and energy efficiency. However, high product crossover and poor CO2 utilization in anion exchange membranes (AEMs) prevents the utilization of AEMs for CO2RR. The acidic environment of the cation exchange membrane can negatively influence the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) activity by favoring the competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Hence, it is necessary to manipulate the local pH environment of the electrodes to yield maximum productivity. Bipolar membranes (BPMs) with a cation exchange layer (CEL) and an anion exchange layer (AEL) help in maintaining different local pH environments at each electrode. Now, a bipolar membrane fabrication with a weak‐acid cation exchange layer removes the possibility of competing HER without affecting CO2RR.
Investigation of Small‐Pore Zeolites via Vapor‐Phase Adsorption of n‐Hexane
Authors: Chen Cong‐Yan , Zones Stacey I. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCage‐based small‐pore zeolites are promising catalysts for catalytic applications such as methanol‐to‐olefins to produce light olefins and selective catalytic reduction to mitigate NOx emissions. The present paper reports our recent studies on vapor‐phase adsorption of n‐hexane in a series of small‐pore zeolites with cages such as 3A, 4A, 5A, ITQ‐29, SSZ‐13, SSZ‐16, SSZ‐17, SSZ‐36, SSZ‐50, ITQ‐12, ZK‐5, and Rho. The effects of zeolite compositions and crystal sizes on the adsorption kinetics and capacity are investigated, demonstrating that n‐hexane adsorption is a useful tool for characterizing the effective pore sizes and volumes of small pore zeolites.
En route to personalized medicine: uncovering distinct IgE reactivity pattern to house dust mite components in Brazilian and Austrian allergic patients
Authors: Pinheiro Carina S. , Silva Eduardo S. , de Andrade Belitardo Emília M. M. , Pacheco Luis G. C. , Aguiar Eric R. G. R. , Alcantara‐Neves Neuza M. , Gadermaier Gabriele , Ferreira Fatima 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimMolecular sensitization profile analyses of allergic individuals to the house dust mites (HDM) Blomia tropicalis and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus from Brazil and Austria, in the attempt to comprehend the individual contribution of the molecular components in the diagnosis of HDM allergy.MethodologyThese analyses were made using a new in vitro multiplex allergen assay which allows simultaneous measurement of specific IgE against the whole allergen extract as well its components.Results and ConclusionThe data showed that in Brazil the inclusion of the molecular components Blo t 5 and/or Blo t 21 major allergens and Blo t 2 can increase the sensitivity and specificity of the assay for the diagnosis of allergy to B. tropicalis, using matrix‐based methodologies. Also we highlighted, for the first time, the importance of Blo t 2 analysis for a sensitive diagnosis, since some individuals were sensitized only to this molecular component. Regarding the sensitization profile of individuals sensitized to D. pteronyssinus, we point out the importance of analyzing the molecular components Der p23 and Der p 7, in addition to Der p 1 and Der p 2 for an accurate diagnosis based on matrices.
Colloidal Assembly and Separation under UV‐Induced Convective Flows and on Inclines
Authors: Kauffman Joshua E. , Tansi Benjamin M. , LaSalle Christopher , Manna Raj Kumar , Shklyaev Oleg E. , Balazs Anna C. , Sen Ayusman 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAchieving directed motility and separation of colloidal particles is a crucial requirement in a range of technological areas. Herein, we describe a system that exploits the photothermal properties of plasmonic nanoparticles for the assembly and separation of larger microparticles. Irradiating an aqueous suspension of gold or silver nanoparticles with UV light generates thermal convection which can be used to move and organize larger particles. Moving the UV light source allows the relocation of the particle cluster. In addition, thermal convection can be used to separate inert particles of different sizes on an inclined plane. Since fluid motion stems from thermal convection, collection and separation can be reversed simply by turning off the UV light enabling a rapid on‐demand response system.
Phase‐field Determination of NaSICON Materials in the Quaternary System Na2O−P2O5−SiO2−ZrO2: The Series Na3Zr3–xSi2PxO11.5+x/2
Authors: Loutati A. , Sohn Y. J. , Tietz F. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTwo types of solid electrolytes have reached technological relevance in the field of sodium batteries: ß/ß”‐aluminas and NaSICON‐type materials. Today, significant attention is paid to room‐temperature stationary electricity storage technologies and all‐solid‐state Na batteries used in combination with these solid electrolytes are an emerging research field besides sodium‐ion batteries. In comparison, NaSICON materials can be processed at lower sintering temperatures than the ß/ß”‐aluminas and have a similarly attractive ionic conductivity. Since Na2O−SiO2−ZrO2−P2O5 ceramics offer wider compositional variability, the series Na3Zr3–xSi2PxO11.5+x/2 with seven compositions (0≤x≤3) was selected from the quasi‐quaternary phase diagram in order to identify the predominant stability region of NaSICON within this series and to explore the full potential of such materials, including the original NaSICON composition of Na3Zr2Si2POl2 as a reference. Several characterization techniques were used for the purpose of better understanding the relationships between processing and properties of the ceramics. X‐ray diffraction analysis revealed that the phase region of NaSICON materials is larger than expected. Moreover, new ceramic NaSICON materials were discovered in the system crystallizing with a monoclinic NaSICON structure (space group C2/c). Impedance spectroscopy was utilized to investigate the ionic conductivity, giving clear evidence for a dependence on crystal symmetry. The monoclinic NaSICON structure showed the highest ionic conductivity with an optimum ionic conductivity of 1.22×10−3 at 25 °C for the composition Na3Zr2Si2PO12. As the degree of P5+ content increases, the total ionic conductivity is initially enhanced until x=1 and then decreases again. Simultaneously, the increasing amount of phosphorus leads a decrease in the sintering temperatures for all samples, which was confirmed by dilatometry measurements. The thermal and microstructural properties of the prepared samples are also evaluated and discussed.
Androgen receptor decreases renal cell carcinoma bone metastases via suppressing the osteolytic formation through altering a novel circEXOC7 regulatory axis
Authors: Gong Dongkui , Sun Yin , Guo Changcheng , Sheu Tzong‐jen , Zhai Wei , Zheng Junhua , Chang Chawnshang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundClear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has gender differences, with the androgen receptor (AR) linked positively with metastasis to the lung. Its linkage to ccRCC bone metastases (RBMs), however, remains unclear.MethodsIn the current study, five human RCC and five RCC bone metastasis tissues were deeply sequenced using Arraystar human circRNA V2.0 microarray. We conducted gain‐of‐function screening in vitro and in vivo to elucidate the AR's role in the RBM. Loss/gain‐of‐function was also implemented to verify the roles of related non‐coding RNAs and proteins.ResultsWe uncovered that RBM also has a gender difference showing higher AR expression may be linked to fewer RBMs, which might involve suppressing osteolytic formation. Mechanism dissection indicates that AR can decrease the circular RNA EXOC7 (circEXOC7), expression via enhancing transcription of DHX9, a regulatory protein in circRNA biogenesis. The circEXOC7 can sponge/suppress miR‐149‐3p resulting in suppressing the CSF1 expression by directly binding to the 3′UTR region of CSF1 mRNA. Results from clinical epidemiological surveys also found that AR has a positive correlation with miR‐149‐3p and a negative correlation with CSF1 in AR‐positive ccRCC tissues. Preclinical studies with Balb/c nude mouse model also validated that targeting this newly verified AR/DHX9/circEXOC7/miR‐149‐3p/CSF1 signaling via altering circEXOC7 or AR could lead to suppressing the RBM progression.ConclusionsThese data showed that AR/DHX9/circEXOC7/miR‐149‐3p/CSF1 signaling acts as a valuable feature in the bone metastasis of renal cancer, which may benefit in suppressing the RBM progression.
Advanced liver fibrosis and the metabolic syndrome in a primary care setting
Authors: Schreiner Andrew D. , Zhang Jingwen , Durkalski‐Mauldin Valerie , Livingston Sherry , Marsden Justin , Bian John , Mauldin Patrick D. , Moran William P. , Rockey Don C. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimsThe fibrosis‐4 index (FIB‐4) and NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) are noninvasive and accessible methods for assessing advanced liver fibrosis risk in primary care. We evaluated the distribution of FIB‐4 and NFS scores in primary care patients with clinical signals for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Materials and MethodsThis retrospective cohort study of electronic record data between 2007 and 2018 included adults with at least one abnormal aminotransferase and no known (non‐NAFLD) liver disease. We calculated patient‐level FIB‐4 and NFS scores, the proportion of patients with mean values exceeding advanced fibrosis thresholds (indeterminate risk: FIB‐4 > 1.3, NFS > −1.455; high‐risk: FIB‐4 > 2.67, NFS > 0.676), and the proportion of patients with a NAFLD International Classification of Diseases‐9/10 code. Logistic regression models evaluated the associations of metabolic syndrome (MetS) components with elevated FIB‐4 and NFS scores.ResultsThe cohort included 6506 patients with a median of 6 (interquartile range: 3–13) FIB‐4 and NFS scores per patient. Of these patients, 81% had at least two components of MetS, 29% had mean FIB‐4 and NFS scores for indeterminate fibrosis risk, and 11% had either mean FIB‐4 or NFS scores exceeding the high advanced fibrosis risk thresholds. Regression models identified associations of low high‐density lipoprotein, hyperglycemia, Black race and male gender with high‐risk FIB‐4 and NFS values. Only 5% of patients had existing diagnoses for NAFLD identified.ConclusionsMany primary care patients have FIB‐4 and NFS scores concerning for advanced fibrosis, but rarely a diagnosis of NAFLD. Elevated FIB‐4 and NFS scores may provide signals for further clinical evaluation of liver disease in primary care settings.
Dhole pack size variation: Assessing the effect of Prey availability and Apex predator
Authors: Bhandari Aishwarya , Ghaskadbi Pallavi , Nigam Parag , Habib Bilal 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn multipredator systems, group sizes of social carnivores are shaped by the asymmetric intraguild interactions. Subordinate social carnivores experience low recruitment rates as an outcome of predation pressure. In South and Southeast Asia, the Tiger (Panthera tigris), Dhole (Cuon alpinus), and Leopard (Panthera pardus) form a widely distributed sympatric guild of large carnivores, wherein tigers are the apex predators followed by dhole and leopard. In this study, we attempted to understand the variation in pack size of a social carnivore, the dhole, at two neighboring sites in the Central Indian landscape. We further evaluated local‐scale patterns of variation in pack size at a larger scale by doing a distribution‐wide assessment across the dhole ranging countries. At the local scale, we found an inverse relationship between the density of tiger and pack size of dhole while accounting for variability in resources and habitat heterogeneity. Larger dhole packs (16.8 ± 3.1) were observed at the site where the tiger density was low (0.46/100 km2), whereas a smaller pack size (6.4 ± 1.3) was observed in the site with high tiger density (5.36/100 km2). Our results for the distribution‐wide assessment were concordant with local‐scale results, showing a negative association of pack size with the tiger densities (effect size −0.77) and a positive association with the prey abundance (effect size 0.64). The study advances our understanding to answer the age‐old question of “what drives the pack size of social predators in a multipredator system?” This study also highlights the importance of understanding demographic responses of subordinate predator for varying competitor densities, often helpful in making informed decisions for conservation and management strategies such as population recovery and translocation of species.
Ecological impact assessment of climate change and habitat loss on wetland vertebrate assemblages of the Great Barrier Reef catchment and the influence of survey bias
Authors: Canning Adam D. , Waltham Nathan J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWetlands are among the most vulnerable ecosystems, stressed by habitat loss and degradation from expanding and intensifying agricultural and urban areas. Climate change will exacerbate the impacts of habitat loss by altering temperature and rainfall patterns. Wetlands within Australia's Great Barrier Reef (GBR) catchment are not different, stressed by extensive cropping, urban expansion, and alteration for grazing. Understanding how stressors affect wildlife is essential for the effective management of biodiversity values and minimizing unintended consequences when trading off the multiple values wetlands support. Impact assessment is difficult, often relying on an aggregation of ad hoc observations that are spatially biased toward easily accessible areas, rather than systematic and randomized surveys. Using a large aggregate database of ad hoc observations, this study aimed to examine the influence of urban proximity on machine‐learning models predicting taxonomic richness and assemblage turnover, relative to other habitat, landscape, and climate variables, for vertebrates dwelling in the wetlands of the GBR catchment. The distance from the nearest city was, by substantial margins, the most influential factor in predicting the richness and assemblage turnover of all vertebrate groups, except fish. Richness and assemblage turnover was predicted to be greatest nearest the main urban centers. The extent of various wetland habitats was highly influential in predicting the richness of all groups, while climate (predominately the rainfall in the wettest quarter) was highly influential in predicting assemblage turnover for all groups. Bias of survey records toward urban centers strongly influenced our ability to model wetland‐affiliated vertebrates and may obscure our understanding of how vertebrates respond to habitat loss and climate change. This reinforces the need for randomized and systematic surveys to supplement existing ad hoc surveys. We urge modelers in other jurisdictions to better portray the potential influence of survey biases when modeling species distributions.