bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Cognitive Analytics Frontier
Authors: Pah Adam Robert , Lazarowich Alanna , Snyder Charlotte 
Published: April 2021

In the fall of 2014, Chad Kartchner, senior manager of marketing and product management at Honeywell Aerospace (HA), pondered how technology could transform the way aircraft were maintained. He had heard a lot of buzz about cognitive analytics, an artificial intelligence term referring to the use of computer models and algorithms to simulate human thought through self-learning systems, data mining, pattern recognition, and natural language processing. The sheer volume of parts and the time-sensitive nature of repairs in the aviation industry made it complicated to identify problems and address them quickly.
Kartchner contemplated the options for updating HA's ground-based maintenance system. Should he emulate HA's state-of-the-art on-board system for an entire aircraft or try something new? Emulating the on-board system, which HA developed internally, would be an easy sell to leadership given internal buy-in and satisfaction with the on-board system, but he contemplated new approaches because he did not want to overlook rapidly emerging technologies. The latter could include crowdsourced features that leveraged the abundance of knowledge among HA's customers' technicians or a cognitive analytics approach. Even if he could persuade leadership to try a new cognitive analytics approach, should HA partner with an established entity or work with a relatively unproven startup who promised lower cost, better features, and quicker turnaround to develop a new system?
Students will step into the shoes of Kartchner as he leads the internal discussion on whether and how to tap into the benefits of cognitive analytic solutions for Honeywell Aerospace and its customers.
Under Armour: Creating and Growing a New Consumer Brand
Authors: Sternthal Brian , Malaviya Prashant 
Published: April 2021

The case traces the development of the Under Armour (UA) brand, product, and market growth under CEO and founder Kevin Plank from its inception in 1996 through 2016. UA provides a cohesive case study of how to launch and sustain a consumer brand even in the face of its third-party manufacturing approach, which gives its apparel no patentable design or fabric technologies. The case uses UA's brand and advertising development as a backdrop for the current pivotal issue of how to target women to sustain growth. UA's stated goal is to build a $1.9 billion women's business by 2019.
In laying out UA's growth and competitive moves, the case lets students analyze broadcast, social media, and other digital advertising campaigns in view of the company's brand development and strategic targeting. The case also highlights the importance of leveraging brand heritage and historical differentiation while respecting key nuances when extending into new markets (i.e., moving from a predominantly male-driven audience to female). It also allows an exploration of how to use consumer insight and broader cultural attitudes and trends to support extending a position into new markets.
Kirat Housing Development Society
Authors: Sandroni Alvaro , Fatakia Farhad Aspy 
Published: April 2021

Three months into his first job as an IT consultant, newly minted MBA Phil Lee was wondering whether he had made a horrible mistake. Initially, he had been thrilled with his employer, Orion Information Technology Consulting, and the prospects for his professional future. He had specifically requested to work on projects in emerging markets, and his bosses had responded by flying him halfway around the world to New Delhi to meet with the head of procurement of a luxury property developer, Kirat Housing Development Society (KHDS). Lee thought the reason for the meeting was slightly unusual: Orion was planning to make a bid to supply building management software for KHDS's newest luxury tower, and this meeting would be the “pre-bid” negotiation. Lee wasn't totally sure what they'd even be discussing, as the tender already provided full details on exactly what modules would be required and even included specific penalty clauses for delays.
The meeting at KHDS seemed ordinary at first, but quickly took a turn when the assistant to the head of procurement explained that Orion would win the bid if it offered him a $200,000 contract as an “independent consultant.” Lee was stunned. To make matters worse, when he returned to his hotel room he found a gift waiting for him: an expensive-looking diamond pendant.
On his sleepless flight home, Lee's mind raced. Had his bosses known this would happen? Were bribes standard operating procedure? Now that he'd accepted a gift, was he complicit in wrongdoing? Lee didn't want to get fired, but he wasn't sure he could go along with this.
Making the Most of the Chicago Benchmarking Collaborative
Authors: Shumate Michelle , Howard Liz 
Published: April 2021

In this case, lessons from the Chicago Benchmarking Collaborative illustrate key principles of collaborative action and the importance of using data to achieve SMART goals.
In 2015, the Chicago Benchmarking Collaborative (CBC) was a network of seven agencies in Chicago, Illinois, serving 12,000 low-income residents. Each of the agencies had early childhood, school-age children, and adult education programs. At the prompting of the Chicago Community Trust, they came together to (1) benchmark their education programs outputs and outcomes; (2) learn and share best practices through developing a common set of metrics and measurements and implementing these measurements into a case management software system; and (3) share the costs of the case management software system to be used for program evaluation and continuous quality improvement.
Three aspects of CBC are particularly noteworthy. First, there are no joint program activities or clients among these agencies. Their exchange is limited to sharing data and other information. This makes CBC distinct from collaborations formed to begin a program or to advocate for a policy. Second, the group requires each agency to enter data on a timely basis and to set SMART goals based on the data reports. The agencies are held mutually accountable for their work to achieve their own SMART goals during the year and report on progress. Third, CBC used monetary incentives to ensure that data entry and SMART goal action remained a priority for each agency.
Recovery via SfM photogrammetry of latent footprint impressions in carpet
Authors: Larsen Hannah J. , Budka Marcin , Bennett Matthew R. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractImpression evidence retained in carpet is usually recovered, if at all, in two dimensions via a vertical photograph. Here, we show that recovery is also possible via SfM photogrammetry and this gives good quality results that allow digital measurements both in the x‐y plane and by depth (z‐axis). This study focuses on recovery from polypropylene carpets which are widespread due to their resistance to wear and low cost. We show how traces can be recovered using both SfM photogrammetry and conventional photography with illumination provided via a crime scene light source. Experiments show that traces are retained for considerable time periods if left undisturbed, in excess of four weeks, but are quickly lost in under 8 hours by subsequent footfall. A simple simulation shows how the movement of an individual can be determined from carpet traces and the value of 3D recovery is illustrated via a set of experiments conducted with barefoot traces. We draw attention to the fact that 3D models allow a more statistical‐based approach to be taken to match bare footprints at crime scenes. SfM photogrammetry is shown to provide a useful compliment to existing techniques and therefore worthy of further experimentation and potentially operational use.
Performance of a pre‐administration infection screening questionnaire in patients with rheumatoid arthritis administered biological disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs
Authors: Fukui Sho , Suda Masei , Furukawa Sayaka , Tamaki Sakura , Ikeda Yukihiko , Suyama Yasuhiro , Tamaki Hiromichi , Kishimoto Mitsumasa , Ohde Sachiko , Okada Masato 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAimPre‐administration screening of active infections is imperative for the safe use of biological disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, a standardized screening method is lacking. We therefore implemented a novel systematic screening method with a simple predetermined questionnaire on infections and assessed its effectiveness.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed medical records of individuals for whom intravenous bDMARDs were administered for RA from January 2016 to April 2019. We evaluated the performance of the new screening method based on physicians' assessments. In addition, a survey was administered to nurses, regarding their assessment of the usefulness of this new screening. The incidence of infections was also assessed.ResultsA total of 1636 cases underwent this new screening. The new screening method showed high sensitivity (0.97) and specificity (0.89) with a negative predictive value of 99.9%, as determined based on the physician's decision. Administration of bDMARDs was postponed in 37 (2.5%) patients, and there was only one case in which the screening failed to note an active infection. The nurses' survey demonstrated high agreement (87.5%) about the usefulness of this screening on the grounds of clarity, simplicity, ease, and time‐saving effects. There was no significant increase in infections after implementation of this method.ConclusionsSystematic screening with a predetermined simple questionnaire is effective as an infection screening method, with a high negative predictive value. This approach contributes to high satisfaction of nurses and a time‐efficient practice by focusing on screen‐positive cases without increasing infections.
Identification and analysis of genes associated with lung adenocarcinoma by integrated bioinformatics methods
Authors: Xie Hui , Zhang Jian‐Fang , Li Qing 
Published: April 2021

AbstractLung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the most common forms of lung cancer, with a very high mortality rate. Although the treatments available for LUAD have become more effective in recent years, significant improvement is still needed. Advances in sequencing technologies and bioinformatics analysis have enabled new approaches to be developed for identifying drug targets. In this work we utilized data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases to identify hub genes related to LUAD through Weighted Gene Correlation Network Analysis (WGCNA) and other bioinformatics methods, with the goal of identifying new drug targets for cancer treatment.
A prospective randomized clinical trial comparing nepafenac, intravitreal triamcinolone and no adjuvant therapy for epiretinal membrane
Authors: Mandelcorn Efrem D. , Al‐Falah Mohammed , Zhao Lei Di , Kertes Peter , Devenyi Robert , Lam Wai‐Ching 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPurposeTo compare the efficacy of topical nepafenac 0.1% versus intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) at the conclusion of vitrectomy surgery versus no adjuvant therapy (NAT) in improving macular morphology post‐operatively in patients undergoing vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane (ERM), as measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging and best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA).MethodsDesign: Prospective randomized clinical trialSetting: Multi‐centre80 patients scheduled to undergo vitrectomy surgery for idiopathic ERM were randomized to receive either IVTA (4 mg/0.1 cc) at the end of surgery, topical nepafenac sodium 0.1% TID for 1 month post‐operation or no adjuvant treatment (NAT). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging, best‐corrected visual acuity and intraocular pressure (IOP) were measured before surgery, and 1 and 2 months post‐operation.ResultsAlthough all three groups showed reduction in macular thickness post‐operation, the NAT group showed the most improvement, with a reduction of 136.18 ± 29.84 μm at two months. There was no statistically significant difference in macular thickness between the groups at each time point, p = 0.158. The NAT group also had the best recovery in BCVA with an improvement of 0.207 logMAR (10.35 letters) at two months post‐operation. There was no statistically significant difference in BCVA between the groups, p = 0.606. There was statistically significant difference in the IOP between the three groups, p = 0.04 only at 1‐month visit. The IVTA group had the highest rise in average IOP at both 1 and 2 months post‐operation (2.72 and 1.58 mmHg, respectively).ConclusionOur study data suggest there was no advantage in the use of topical nepafenac or IVTA for post‐vitrectomy ERM surgery.
Increasing selenium supply during the close‐up dry period improves nutrient metabolism and attenuates inflammatory response after calving in dairy cows
Authors: Gong Jian , Xiao Min 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate whether feeding selenium (Se)‐replete cows a Se‐yeast supplement in late pregnancy affects nutrient metabolism and inflammatory response during the periparturient period. Twenty cows were randomly assigned to two groups with 10 cows each. Cows in one group received Se‐yeast at 0.3 mg Se/kg DM during the last 4 weeks before calving in addition to fed a TMR containing supplemented sodium selenite at 0.3 mg Se/kg DM (Se‐yeast), while cows in another group were only fed a TMR containing supplemented sodium selenite at 0.3 mg Se/kg DM (Control). Blood samples were collected and analyzed for nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), β‐hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), glucose, insulin, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin (Hp), and albumin. In control cows, plasma NEFA, IL‐1β, IL‐6, SAA, and Hp levels increased after calving, but glucose, insulin, and albumin levels decreased after parturition. Se‐yeast supplemental cows had lower postpartum concentrations of NEFA, TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, SAA, and Hp, and higher postpartum levels of glucose, insulin, and albumin compared with control cows. The results indicate that feeding Se‐replete cows a Se‐yeast supplement in late pregnancy improves nutrient metabolism and attenuates the inflammatory response after calving.
Gross morphology of the African lion (Pantheraleo) heart
Authors: Marais Carmen Alicia , Crole Martina Rachel 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe anatomy of the African lion heart is not well documented, and assumptions are made that the anatomy is comparable to that of the domestic cat. The increasing demand for veterinary intervention in the African lion warrants sound anatomical knowledge of the heart. The heart is situated caudal to the thoracic limbs between ribs 4 and 6. It is covered by the left cranial lung lobe, and cranial and middle lobe of the right lung, respectively, with a prominent cardiac incisure present on the right. Two pericardial ligaments are present, the A. coronaria dextra is dominant, and the Atrium dextrum and Auricula dextra possess a vast network of Mm. pectinati. The massive thoracic limbs, adapted to bring down prey, appear to restrict the cranial thoracic cavity, and as a trade‐off, the thoracic viscera are situated more caudally. During intense activity, the heart and lungs compete against each other for space, thus limiting physical activity to short, intense periods. Capacity for sudden increase of cardiac output is facilitated by the extensive Mm. pectinati of the Atrium dextrum. Intracardiac injection is recommended on the right, ventrally in intercostal space 5. The two pericardial ligaments may help to stabilize the heart during intense activity.
Don't move a mussel? Parasite and disease risk in conservation action
Authors: Brian Joshua I. , Ollard Isobel S. , Aldridge David C. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractFreshwater mussels are one of the most endangered animal groups globally, making them a high conservation priority. Conservationists increasingly employ translocation or captive breeding procedures to support ailing populations, and the ecosystem engineering capabilities of mussels are being increasingly harnessed in bioremediation projects. However, there is little consideration of the risk of pathogen transmission when moving mussels from hatcheries or wild donor populations into new habitats. This is of significant concern as recent developments suggest parasites and diseases are highly prevalent and have contributed to several mass population‐level die‐offs. Here, we explicitly highlight the risks of pathogen spread in mussel translocations, explore how these risks are mediated, and provide recommendations for both research and action to avoid the inadvertent spread of virulent pathogens when conserving vulnerable mussel populations. While targeted at freshwater conservationists, this perspective has relevance for considering translocation‐mediated disease and parasite spread in any study system.
Serum alkaline phosphatase is associated with arterial stiffness and 10‐year cardiovascular disease risk in a Chinese population
Authors: Guo Wen , Li Xiaona , Wu Juan , Zhu Wenfang , Lu Jing , Qin Pei , Diao Qingqing , Xu Nainzhen , Zhang Qun 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundSerum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) has been recognized as a biomarker of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, recently. This study aimed to explore the association of ALP with arterial stiffness and 10‐year CVD risk.MethodsA total of 12 539 participants without CVD who underwent health examinations including serum ALP level were retrospectively analysed. Arterial stiffness was measured by brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), and 10‐year CVD risk was evaluated by Framingham risk score.ResultsAll participants were stratified into four groups according to the quartile of serum ALP. Participants with high ALP quartiles had higher cardiovascular parameters and baPWV, as well as an increase 10‐year CVD risk. There was a dose‐response relationship between serum ALP level and baPWV (OR = 1.134, 95% CI 1.103‐1.165, P < .001). Logistic regression analysis showed that serum ALP was positively associated with elevated baPWV and 10‐year CVD risk after adjustment for traditional CVD risk factors in both women and men. In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the optimal cut‐off point of serum ALP for elevated baPWV was 84U/L and the area under the ROC curve (AUROC) was 0.740 (95% CI 0.726‐0.754, P < .001), with 71.2% and 63.4% sensitivity and specificity, respectively, in women. The AUROC of serum ALP in women was larger than that in men [0.575 (95% CI 0.559‐0.590), P < .001].ConclusionsSerum ALP is independently associated with arterial stiffness and 10‐year CVD risk. Our results imply that serum ALP may be a promising marker to identify an increased risk for subclinical atherosclerosis in women needing further evaluation.
Prevalence and risk factors of hypertonic dehydration among older patients admitted to the emergency department: A prospective cross‐sectional study
Authors: Buaprasert Phudit , Piyapaisarn Sawangwarach , Vanichkulbodee Alissara , Kamsom Anucha , Sri‐on Jiraporn 
Published: April 2021

AimThe prevalence of hypertonic dehydration (HD) among community‐dwelling and hospitalized populations has been evaluated. However, to our knowledge, no study had previously focused on older patients admitted to the emergency department (ED). The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, risk factors and short‐term outcomes of HD among Thai older patients admitted to the ED.MethodsThis was a prospective cross‐sectional study at one urban ED in Thailand. Patients aged ≥65 years who were admitted to the ED were enrolled into the study. Data including clinical hydration status, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score, activities of daily living score, current use of medications, laboratory examination results and serum osmolarity level were collected. HD was defined as a serum osmolarity level of >300 mOsm/kg. The short‐term outcomes were a 30‐day ED revisit, hospital readmission and mortality rates.ResultsIn total, 80 (21.6%) of 370 patients presented with HD. A CCI score of ≥5 was found associated with HD among older patients (adjusted odds ratio: 1.82; 95% confidence interval: 1.03–3.21). The ED revisit rates were 18.1% in the dehydrated group and 10.9% in the non‐dehydrated group. The hospital readmission rates were 8.3% in the dehydrated group and 10.6% in the non‐dehydrated group. Furthermore, the 30‐day mortality rates were 6.9% and 5.3% in the dehydrated and non‐dehydrated groups, respectively.ConclusionsOne‐fifth of older patients admitted to the ED presented with HD. A CCI score of ≥5 was considered a risk factor of HD. Moreover, further studies should focus on the long‐term outcomes of HD and risk reduction. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 485–491.
SUCCEEDING BY FAILING: THE BERNAUER STRASSE WALL MEMORIAL AS PERFORMATIVE MEMORIAL
Authors: Bertens Laura M. F. 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTThe Berlin street Bernauer Straße has played an important role in the history of the Berlin Wall, from its initial construction to its demolition. Nowadays it contains the longest remaining stretch of the border zone and an elaborate memorial has been constructed on the site. The memorial is a complex space: it seamlessly blends in with its surroundings, uses a range of media and serves multiple purposes at once. It is this apparent failure to represent a coherent whole that is paradoxically its main strength. A closer look at the workings of the memorial explains its success. The article presents an analysis of the memorial from three different perspectives: a discussion of the eclectic nature of the original Wall and the ways in which the memorial represents this, a look at the memorial as an archaeological site and, finally, an exploration of the performative nature of the memorial. Die Bernauer Straße in Berlin spielte eine wichtige Rolle in der Geschichte der Berliner Mauer, von ihrer Entstehung bis zu ihrem Abriss. Heutzutage befindet sich hier der längste noch bestehende Abschnitt des ehemaligen Grenzstreifens und eine umfassende Gedenkstätte wurde dort errichtet. Die Gedenkstätte ist ein komplexer Ort: sie fügt sich scheinbar nahtlos in ihre Umgebung ein, bedient sich diverser Medien und erfüllt mehrere Zwecke zugleich. Es ist dieses augenscheinliche Scheitern ein kohärentes Ganzes darzustellen, das paradoxerweise die eigentliche Stärke dieses Ortes ausmacht. Eine nähere Betrachtung der Funktionsweise der Gedenkstätte erklärt ihren Erfolg. Dieser Artikel bietet eine Analyse aus drei verschiedenen Blickwinkeln: eine Diskussion über den eklektischen Charakter der Originalmauer und die Art und Weise wie diese dargestellt wird, ein Blick auf die Gedenkstätte als archäologische Fundstätte und zuletzt eine Betrachtung ihrer performativen Eigenschaften.