bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial And UV Protection Properties Modified Cotton Fabric Using Curcumin/ TiO2 Nanocomposite For Medical Textile Applications
Authors: El-Hady M.M. Abd , Farouk A. , Saeed S. El-Sayed , Zaghloul S. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Medical textiles are one of the most rapidly growing parts of the technical textiles sector of the textile industry. This work was developed for biocompatible materials of curcumin / TiO2 nanocomposite fabricated on the surface of cotton fabric for medical applications. Cotton fabric was pretreated with three crosslinking agents namely, citric acid, Quat-188, and GPTMS. Applying nanocomposite on modified cotton fabric using pad-dry cure method. The chemistry and morphology of modified fabrics are examined by Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, the chemical mechanism for nanocomposite modified fabric was reported. UV protection (UPF) and antibacterial properties against Gram - positive S. aureus and Gram - negative E. coli bacterial strains were investigated. The durability of fabrics to 20 washing cycles was also examined. Results demonstrated that nanocomposite modified cotton fabric exhibited superior antibacterial activity against Gram - negative bacteria that Gram - positive bacteria and excellent UV protection properties. Moreover, good durability was obtained, possibly due to the effect of the crosslinker used. Among the three pre-modification of cotton fabric, Quat-188 modified fabric reveals the highest antibacterial activity comparing with citric acid or GPTMS modified fabrics. This outcome suggested that curcumin / TiO2 nanocomposite Quatt-188 modified cotton fabric could be used in biomedical textile as antibacterial properties.
Stability of Soliton Solutions For A PT- Symmetric NLDC Considering High-Order Dispersion and Nonlinear Effects Simultaneously
Authors: Safaei Lida , Hatami Mohsen , Zarandi Mahmood Borhani 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we analytically solve the coupled equations of a PT -Symmetric NLDC by considering high-order dispersion and nonlinear effects (Raman Scattering and self-steeping) simultaneously in normal dispersion regime. To the best of knowledge no works has been done in previous studies to decoupled these equations and obtain an exact analytical solution. The new exact bright solitary solutions are derived. In addition, to study the stability and instability of these propagated solitons in a PT -Symmetric NLDC, perturbation theory is used. Numerical methods are applied to find perturbed eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. The Stability of obtained four perturbed eigenvalues and perturbed eigenfunctions for a PT -Symmetric NLDC equations regard to high-order effects are examined. Using these results and simulating the propagation of perturbed temporal bright solitons through PT -Symmetric NLDC show that perturbed solitons are mostly stable. This means that high-order dispersion and nonlinear effects canceled each other and do not affected the propagated solitons. Furthermore, the evolution of perturbed solitons energies match well the previous results and con rmed the stability of these solitons in a PT -Symmetric NLDC. As seen the energies of pulses in bar and cross behave in two manner 1) the exchange of energy is happened in some periods, but the shape of each pulse in bar and cross is preserved. Therefore, the solitons under this eigenfunction perturbation are mostly stable. 2) the evolution of energy in the bar and cross, demonstrate that there is no changes in their energies and they remain constant. It is straightforward to show that in spite of considering high-order effects, the perturbed soliton conserve the shape and it remain stable. The deliverables of this article not only demonstrate a novel approach to ultra-fast pulses, solitons and optical couplers, but more fundamentally, they could give insight for improving the new medical equipments technologies, enabling innovations in nonlinear optics and their usage in designing new communication systems and Photonic devices.
Mercury Contamination Across a Riverine Foodweb
Authors: Tweedy Brent Norris , Sansom Brandon J. , Vaughn Caryn C. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Lakes and reservoirs are frequently monitored by researchers for elevated mercury concentrations in sportfish. Rivers and streams, especially those of smaller orders, are less frequently monitored for mercury contamination. Mercury contamination in the environment comes predominantly from anthropogenic sources like artisanal gold mining and the burning of coal. We address this gap by surveying mercury levels in a stream community in the Kiamichi River in southeastern Oklahoma sampling fish, aquatic insects, and freshwater mussels at ten sites in the river. We found elevated levels of mercury across taxa within the river including large individuals of sportfish populations having concentrations (2986 ±1053 ng/g) above the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) limit. Furthermore, we observed high concentrations in darters and logperch (1133 ±464 ng/g), non-sportfish species found predominantly in rivers and streams. Our results indicate that mercury contamination can reach elevated concentrations in rivers and streams posing risks to both humans and wildlife.
A Patient with Malignant Melanoma Diagnosed with Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Case Report
Authors: Buran Tahir , Ceber Burak , Ceber Büşra Nur , Ayhan Semin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Malignant melanoma is a very aggressive type of cancer and some of patients have distant metastasis at presentation. Gastrointestinal system metastases are common and generally asymptomatic. The disease is rarely diagnosed only by gastrointestinal symptoms. Our case was diagnosed with malignant melanoma after upper gastrointestinal bleeding, characteristic lesions for malignant melanoma were seen by gastrocopy. The diagnosis was confirmed by biopsy.
Adopting Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) For The Sustainable Construction Industry: Evaluating The Barriers Using Ordinal Priority Approach (OPA)
Authors: Sadeghi Mahsa , Mahmoudi Amin , Deng Xiaopeng 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Construction 4.0 has become a buzzword since the penetration of building information modeling (BIM), cyber-physical systems, digital and computing technologies into the construction industry. Among emerging technologies, Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT), or blockchain, is a powerful business enhancer whose potential can disrupt projects, AEC (Architecture, Engineering and Construction) firms, and construction supply chain, and in a broader sense, the whole construction industry. This technology has not reached the plateau of productivity due to several barriers and challenges. Previous studies have started to investigate the barriers to implementing DLT in various sectors and segmentations. However, we still need further surveys in the construction industry. This study evaluates the applicability of identified challenges and barriers based on a sustainability perspective. Precisely, we will answer which challenges need to be addressed for the sustainability of the construction industry. To meet the research objective, the Ordinal Priority Approach (OPA) in multiple attributes decision-making (MADM) was utilized. This novel method determines the importance of the sustainability attributes and barriers simultaneously. The results show that DLT implementation needs i) infrastructure for data management, ii) advanced applications and archetypes, and iii) customers’ demand, interest, and tendency, and iv) taxation and reporting. Solving high-ranked challenges is the key to social sustainability from the aspects of ‘supply chain management and procurement,’ ‘transparency, anti-corruption, and anti-counterfeiting,’ and ‘fair operation and honest competition.’
How To Develop a NDT Method For Weld Inspection in Battery Cell Manufacturing Using Deep Learning
Authors: Rohkohl Erik , Kraken Mathias , Schönemann Malte , Breuer Alexander , Herrmann Christoph 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Battery cells are central components of electric vehicles. It is important for automotive OEM to utilize high quality battery cells to ensure high performance and safety of their vehicles. This results in the high demand for quality control measures and inspection methods in battery cell manufacturing. Particular relevant features of battery cells are welds for the internal electrical contact. Failures of these welds are often the cause for battery defects in the field and scrap during production. Consequently, there is a strong need to evaluate all welds during manufacturing. However, there is no established method which allows a quick, comprehensive, and cheap inline measurement of the weld quality. This paper presents a new eddy current based method for non-destructive testing of seam welds as well as a machine learning approach for its validation. A deep learning model has been trained on eddy current measurements to predict results from a reference inspection method, in this case computer tomography. The results prove that eddy current measurements can be used to replicate data acquired by computer tomography which means that eddy current measurements could be a suitable candidate for non-destructive 100% inline inspection. More general, this study demonstrates how machine learning may help to get deeper insights into measurement results and to validate new non-destructive testing techniques whose detailed features are yet unknown. The presented evaluation method enables understanding the capabilities and the limits of a new technique and to extract hidden features from the data. Furthermore, the usage of machine learning allows to perform these evaluations on artificial product samples with specific defects and features, which avoids the costly production physical samples.
Prevalence and Allele Frequency of Red-Green Color Vision Defects among School Children in Repi Primary School in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Mengesha Wedawek A. , Mengistu Abebe G. , Tolesa Zelalem G. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

X-linked red-green color blindness is the most widespread form of vision impairment. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and allele frequencies of red-green color vision impairments among school children in Repi primary school in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods

A cross-sectional survey was employed involving 2400 healthy subjects (females = 850 and males = 1550) in in Repi primary school. The Ishihara pseudo-isochromatic 24 plate edition was used to test the colour vision of students under natural day light condition.
Results

The prevalence of congenial colour vision deficiency (CCVD) was 2.29%; 50 (3.23%) males and 5 (0.56%) females were affected with CCVD. The frequencies of achromacy, deutan and protan in male subjects were 0.13%, 1.75%, and 0.50%, respectively. Both Deutan and protan were highest among students of Amhara ethnic origin 2.85 % and 1.08%, respectively.
Conclusions

The overall prevalence of CCVD found in the present study was lower compared to the previous studies done in Ethiopia. There was clear variation in the prevalence of color vision deficiency among students of various ethnic groups. Proper screening, education and counseling are needed to minimize impacts of CCVD in the country, and can also be beneficial for the affected subject in tackling difficulties in everyday work and for proper choice of future profession.
Green Miles in Dyeing Technology Metal-Rich Pumpkin Extracts in Aid of Natural Dyes
Authors: Hosseinnezhad Mozhgan , Gharanjig Kamaladin , Razani Narjes , Jafari Razieh , Saeb Mohammad Reza 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
To reduce environmental pollution, it is essential to use green processes in dyeing and meet its requirements. One of the common methods to get better results in dyeing is to use mordant. To get a green dyeing, using natural mordant (bio-mordant) is very effective, but the search for an alternative having a higher stability and absorption interval, along with an absolute affinity towards natural fibers of various kinds was central to the focus of studies in the meanwhile. Pumpkin extract as a natural source metal-rich can be used as a bio-mordant in green dyeing of natural fibers such as wool fibers. Two natural dyes native to Iran; Reseda luteolaare and Madder were employed in this study. The effectiveness of bio-mordant presence on fibers was evaluated by FTIR-ATR test from mordanted and mordanted-dyed wool samples. Fastness performance of wool dyes with pumpkin alternated from good to excellent depending on natural dye type and concentration, due to the formation of complex structures that compensated for the lack of affinity-characteristic of tannin-based first-generation biomordants, at best with good fastness.
Admission Oxygen Saturation and Mortality in Acute Pulmonary Embolism Patients: Observational Data From Large ICU Databases
Authors: Xu Xiaolin , Peng Anping , Tian Jing , Shen Runnan , You Guochang , Chen Xiong , Gao Ming , Kang Shimao , Lv Lin , Zhu Dongxi , Huang Kai 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

The relationship between blood oxygenation and clinical outcomes of acute pulmonary embolism (APE) patients in intensive care unit (ICU) is unclear, which could be nonlinear. The study aimed to determine the association between admission pulse oximetry-derived oxygen saturation (SpO2) levels and mortality, and to determine the optimal range with real-world data.
Methods

Patients diagnosed with APE on admission and staying in ICU for at least 24 hours in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC-III) database and the eICU Collaborative Research Database (eICU-CRD) were included. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were applied to determine the nonlinear relationship between mean SpO2 levels within the first 24 hours after ICU admission and in-hospital mortality, from which we derived an optimal range of SpO2. Subgroup analyses were based on demographics, treatment information, scoring system and comorbidities.
Results

We included 1109 patients who fulfilled inclusion criteria, among whom 129 (12%) died during hospitalization and 80 (7.2%) died in ICU. The RCS showed that the relationship between admission SpO2 levels and in-hospital mortality of APE patients was nonlinear and U-shaped. The optimal range of SpO2 with the lowest mortality was 95–98%. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis with backward elimination confirmed that the admission SpO2 levels of 95%-98% was associated with decreased hospital mortality compared to the group with SpO2 < 95% (Odds ratio [OR] = 2.321; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.405–3.786; P < 0.001) and 100% (OR = 2.853; 95% CI: 1.294–5.936; P = 0.007), but there was no significant difference compared with 99% SpO2 (OR = 0.670, 95% CI: 0.326–1.287; P > 0.05). This association was consistent across subgroup analyses.
Conclusions

The relationship between admission SpO2 levels and in-hospital mortality followed a U-shaped curve among patients with APE. The optimal range of SpO2 for APE patients was 95–98%.
An investigation on Γ-hypermodules and soft Γ-hypermodules
Authors: Ostadhadi-dehkordi Sohrab , Vougiouklis Thomas , Davvaz Bijan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The concept of soft Γ-hypermodules are generalization of soft hypermodules. In this paper, we prove that when the fuzzy Γ-subhypermodule is normal, then equivalence relation μ* defined on Γ-hypermodules are strongly regular and the additive hyperoperation in quotient Γ- hypermodules (fuzzy subhypermodules) are just operations. Also, we prove that all hyperadditions in the quotient Γ-hypermodule induced by normal Γ-subhypermodule are additions.
Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Patients with COVID‑19‑Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis (CAPA) in Intensive Care Units: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Of 29 Cohort Studies
Authors: Chen Wensen , Yin Cheng , Zhong Ming , Hu Bijie , Gao Xiaodong , Zhang Kai , Liu Yun , Zhuang Guihua 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background Patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) might develop COVID-19-related pulmonary Aspergillosis (CAPA). We aimed to identify studies systematically that describe the incidence and risks factors of CAPA, and to assess its outcome. Methods Two authors independently searched ScienceDirect, PubMed, CNKI, MEDLINE (OVID), and MedRXIV from December 31, 2019 to Feb 27, 2021. We included observational cohort studies that investigated patients with CAPA admitted to an ICU. We assessed the quality of all included studies using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale). The meta-analysis was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021242179).ResultsTwenty-nine cohort studies with 2095 patients with COVID-19 admitted to an ICU and 264 patients who developed to CAPA were included (Pooled incidence: 0.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.11–0.17). The overall mortality and case fatality rate of CAPA were 0.07 (0.05–0.09) and 0.51 (0.44–0.58), respectively. Patients with COVID‑19 would develop CAPA at 7.28 days after mechanical ventilation (range, 5.48–9.08). Compared with patients without CAPA, those with CAPA had a significantly lower median body mass index (27.32 vs. 28.97 kg/m2, P = 0.034), higher median creatinine level (127.94 vs. 88.23 µmol/L, P = 014), and were more likely to receive corticosteroids therapy (41.0% vs. 38.0%, risk ratio [RR] = 1.98, 95% CI=1.08–3.63) and renal replacement therapy (42.0% vs. 28.2%, RR = 1.61, 95% CI=1.04–2.50) during admission. Remarkably, patients with CAPA were associated significantly with a 1.66‑fold higher mortality (RR = 1.66, 95% CI=1.31–2.12) without significant heterogeneity and publication bias. ConclusionsPatients with COVID-19 admitted to an ICU might develop CAPA and have higher all‑cause mortality. We recommend conducting prospective screening for CAPA among patients with severe COVID-19, especially for those who receive mechanical ventilation over 7 days.
An Efficient and Sustainable Approach to Prepare Carboxylated Cellulose Nanocrystals for Rubber Reinforcement Featuring Dual Crosslinking Networks
Authors: Hu Jie , Kong Zhengqing , Liu Ke , Qin Jinli , Tao Yuhong , Zhou Lijuan , Yuan Yuan , Jiang Min , Duan Yongxin , Zhang Jianming 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The surface functionalization of CNCs and the construction of strong interfacial adhesion between CNCs and rubber matrix are effective way to achieve high performance rubber/CNCs nanocomposites. Herein, carboxylation of sulphated cellulose nanocrystals (CNC-OSO3H) was conducted in aqueous medium by using citric acid as modifier. Large amount of carboxyl groups was successfully grafted on the surface of CNC-OSO3H, which endows the carboxylated CNC-OSO3H (abbreviate as CNC-CA) with higher chemical reactivity and thermal stability. Subsequently, carboxylated styrene butadiene rubber (XSBR)/CNC-CA nanocomposites with dual crosslinking design were prepared by using polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (PEGDE) as the crosslinking agent and CNC-CA as the reinforcing fillers. FTIR investigation found that in the obtained nanocomposites, the carboxyl groups on CNC-CA and XSBR formed hydrogen bonds (physical crosslinking) with each other, and the carboxyl groups formed covalent bond with the epoxy group on PEGDE simultaneously. The coexistence of physical and chemical crosslinking improved the interface compatibility between CNC-CA and XSBR matrix, accelerated the homogenous dispersion of CNC-CA and realized the crosslinking of the matrix itself. As expected, XSBR/CNC-CA nanocomposites with dual crosslinking network showed remarkable enhancement in tensile strength (up to 500%), modulus (up to 151%), work of fracture (up to 348%). This work provides both a facile and green approach to obtain carboxylated CNCs and a convenient method for the preparation of high-performance rubber nanocomposites with multiple interactions.
Determining the Prevalence of RET/PTC Mutation in Cases Where Thyroid Nodules in American Thyroid Association (ATA) Ultrasonography (USG) Guidance According to Risk Category is Determined and investigating the Relation of Malignancy
Authors: Erdogan Mehmet , Karadeniz Muammer , Ertan Yesim , Ozgen Ahmet Gokhan , Tamsel Sadık , Kose Timur , Berdeli Afig , Ozdemir Murat 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
OBJECTIVE

RET/PTC in FNA (Fine needle aspiration) biopsy smears could improve the FNA diagnosis. The aim of study determining the prevalence of RET/PTC mutation in cases where thyroid nodules in ATA USG according to risk catogory is determined and investigating the relation of malignancy.
METHODS

RNA was extracted from 60 routine FNA. RET/PTC rearrangements were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and, in parallel, RT-PCR is used to detect the chimeric RET/PTC1, RET/PTC2 and RET/PTC3 transcripts in RNA extracted from FNA.
RESULTS

A total of 75% FNA RET rearrangements were detected in the 20 PTC patients. RET/PTC positive was detected in 35% of cases without cancer (sensitivity 75%, specificity 65%) (p = 0,003). Significant correlation was found between A-high suspicion USG group (80%), B- intermediate suspicion USG group (45%) and C- low suspicion USG group (20%) in of RET/PTC rearrangements (p = 0.001). A significant correlation was found between the USG groups and the PTC (respectively group A,B,C: 60%, 30%, 10%)(p = 0.003). There was a statistical difference related to in the USG groups frequency between Classic type PTC (70%) and Follicular type PTC (30%)(p = 0.019). There was a statistical difference related to between RET/PTC and PTC types in the USG groups (p = 0.012). There was a statistical difference related to between usg groups tumor diameter A and C (P = 0.010).
CONCLUSİON

Molecular testing of FNA samples improves presurgical diagnosis. RET/PTC was found to be significantly higher in the diagnoses of the PTC with 75% sensitivity and 65% specificity