bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of thermal comfort with predicted mean vote (PMV) index using artificial neural network
Authors: Dyvia H A , Arif C 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The thermal comfort standard can be accessed with a predicted mean vote (PMV) index that has six variables: air temperature, air velocity, relative humidity, mean radiant temperature, clothing insulation, and metabolism rate. Calculation of the thermal comfort of a room issued with a PMV index is quite complicated, considering the determination of the effect parameters can take a long time because it has a non-linear relationship. The purpose of this study is to analyze the sensitivity parameters that affect thermal comfort and to develop an artificial neural network model to predict the thermal comfort of the PMV index with two different input scenarios. Sensitivity analysis of thermal comfort uses the rank Spearman method, whereas the modeling of artificial neural networks uses the backpropagation method using a total of 784 data as data training and testing. Based on the results of sensitivity analysis shows metabolism rate and clothing insulation have a significant effect on the sensitivity of thermal comfort. Prediction of thermal comfort with the PMV index using an artificial neural network is very effective and has higher accuracy. The results are proven by validating the two model scenarios with an R2 value of 0.99 and low RMSE value.
Evaluation of urban landscape visual quality based on social media trends in Bogor City
Authors: Afiyanita Hana , Kaswanto  
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The urban landscape provides various benefits, including landscape aesthetics. This visual value can be measured by the community in many ways, so landscape managers can interpret their preferences of the landscape, which makes this research essential. This study aims to evaluate the visual quality of the urban landscape of Bogor City by analyzing community preferences through social media. This research uses one of the most used social media platforms, Instagram. Instagram is a platform that is specifically used for uploading and discovering visual contents, such as photos and videos. This can be a tool to analyze the community’s preferences and has become a new approach in the field of landscape. This study uses a descriptive method by data scraping and questionnaires. The scraped data is spatialized to compare the movements of trends that occurred in 2018 and 2019, and the questionnaires are handed out to conduct the visual quality assessment of Bogor City. The output produced in this study is a recommendation of urban landscape management based on social media trends, such as optimizing the 4.0 era by using social media as a process in decision making, and by taking the community preferences as a base in landscape planning.
Externalities aspects of freight distribution through the urban consolidation center
Authors: Ayu Nuri , Nahry  
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This study is also intended to analyze how the traffic parameter is taken into account in the determination of distribution routes and schedules. The analysis is based on the data produced by one of the Urban Consolidation Center (UCC) operators in the form of their freight vehicles’ travel diary. The results show that the average CO2 emissions produced by the delivery activity through the UCC are 0.0196 kg CO2/item. By dispatching an average number of items of 2139.70 within one trip, each truck is responsible for the external costs of CO2 emissions as Rp16,614,-(based on International standards of external costs of CO2 emissions) or Rp4,131,- (based on Indonesian standard). Regarding the traffic consideration on the distribution trips, most of the trips go into class II, i.e., UCC serves retail stores with a fairly wide coverage area but has not too many stops. In terms of tour efficiency, distribution trips through UCC are considered to be quite efficient. However, they can still be more optimized by increasing the average travel speed of vehicles per stop, reducing mileage between delivery points, or reducing service time in each delivery point without reducing service quality.
Influence of gradation using local aggregate on porous asphalt to enhance stormwater absorption
Authors: Sihombing A V R , Utami R , Somantri A K 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Porous asphalt is one of the pavement technologies that have a large void in the mix and enables water flows through the pavement structure. Due to its porous characteristic, strength and stability of porous asphalt are lower than normal asphalt mix caused by coarse aggregate domination in mixture leads. Selection of aggregate and gradation highly affected desired porous asphalt characteristics, so that research is needed to understand the performance of porous asphalt using local material based on permeability characteristic, cantabro loss and marshall characteristic with several aggregate gradations from several countries. The method of this research would be a laboratory-scaled experiment. Materials for this research were asphalt pen 60/70 and local aggregate from Majalengka (M) with gradation variation from Japan (J), Australia (A), and Indonesian (I), then designed to obtain a porous asphalt namely MJ, MA, and MI. Permeability test showed lower value for every mixture with the highest permeability coefficient is on MI with 4.64 × 10−5 cm/s. Cantabro loss gave the lowest value on MI with 20.45%. By permeability and cantabro loss, porous asphalt mixture with aggregate from Majalengka with Indonesian grading is the best one to represent environmentally friendly mixture and enhance stormwater absorption.
Evaluation of carbonate precipitation methods for improving the strength of peat soil
Authors: Ramadhan M R , Putra H 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This research was carried out to evaluate the potential improvement of the strength of peat soil with the carbonate precipitation method. The grouting solution’s optimum combination was determined and mixed to soil sample with a various density of 1.15, 1.20, and 1.25 g/cm3. The mass of precipitated carbonate within the soil and its effect on peat soil’s increasing strength was evaluated by the unconfined compression (UCS) test. The mass of precipitated carbonate within peat soil was evaluated by acid leaching method, respectively. The UCS test showed that the strength of treated peat soil had improved significantly. The treatment using carbonate precipitation brings about an improvement of 38% to 48% compared to the untreated sample. The maximum strength of 375.12 kPa was achieved at a density of 1.25 g/cm3. The result of this study also indicated that the initial density has no significant impact on the improvement of precipitated carbonate in peat soil. A relatively similar precipitated carbonate of 2-3% of soil mass was formed in the entire soil sample. This study elucidated that the carbonate precipitation method is a potential method to improve the peat soil’s shear strength.
Properties of concrete paving blocks made with nickel slags
Authors: Mustika W , Kadir A , Ngii E , Nurdin M 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This study is a follow-up of nickel slag waste used for building construction materials. Paving blocks were made using a mixture of cement and aggregates in a ratio of 1: 3 and 1: 5 which used a mixture of nickel slag waste and natural sand with aggregate gradation in zone III of the rather fine sand category based on SNI 03-2834-2000. Sand substitution with nickel slag waste has used a variation of the composition of the mixture of 0% (without slag), 25%, 75%, and 100% (without sand). The behaviour would be obtained the compressive strength value of paving blocks and average water absorption. Paving blocks compressive strength were tested at the age of 28 days, while the average value of water absorption was performed by immersing the paving block specimens for 24 hours. The physical strength and absorption value of paving block water refer to SNI 03-0691-1996. The results showed that the use of nickel slag waste in making paving blocks could increase the compressive strength of paving blocks, while water absorption in all compositions and variations of the paving blocks mixture was decreased in line with the increase of nickel slag composition.
Optimum combination of ferro-nickel slag (FeNi4) to the normal sand for the concrete compressive strength
Authors: Ngii E , Kadir A , Rachman R M , Serah M 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Slag nickel is a by-product which causes environmental degradation and conventional slag is widely used as coarse aggregate in concrete. This research, therefore, used the newest slag type (FeNi4) from PT Antam Pomalaa as fine aggregate in natural sand and determine the effect of the combination on the optimum compressive strength of concrete. Moreover, the results obtained were compared with the use of only natural sand in concrete. The procedure involved varying the percentage of the slag mixed with the natural sand by weight at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% with each sample designed to have minimum compressive strength higher than 20 MPa at 28 days. Furthermore, a compressive strength test was conducted to determine the optimum combination to achieve the best value and the results showed 25% of nickel slag variation to be the best while other variations, 50%, 75%, and 100%, experienced a reduction of 8.96%, 11.85%, and 12.19% respectively in comparison with the normal concrete. This, therefore, means the use of Ferro-nickel slag (FeNi4) has the ability to increase the strength and reduce the weight of concrete.
Seismic review of spiral façade building collated by rotated cantilever beam
Authors: Fajari M A , Sumarsono R A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Exposing building façade has led to a magnificent look of the whole building structure creating the assumption of a complicated building structure. Spiral and free form building shape deliver the volatility of the design process not only because of static loading but also dynamic loading such as an earthquake. Modifying an octagon building core throughout its façade by applying an extension cantilever beams and rotating them is the main approach served in this paper establishing a spiral high-rise building. The angle of rotation is varied from 0 to 5 degrees per floor in order to see the stability of the building structure under dynamic loading. The length of the cantilever beam is restrained up to 9 m with the rotating path of an ellipse. The greater the rotation angle, the extreme cantilever beam length in some points. The displacement represents various unpredictable result as the rotation angle livened up as 2-degree and 3-degree rotation angle provides worst. Even though the spiral shape is enormous, the cantilever beam capacity grows critically particularly due to the torsion. Furthermore, reinforcement for the cantilever part must be well confined in order to increase the performance.
Developing CAD tools to determine optimal dimensions of thin-crusted weirs
Authors: Setiawan B I 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Weir is an important hydraulic structure functioning to tap, measure, and control water discharge through it. In general, the relationship between discharge and water level involves many variables subjected to some constraints. These situations make finding the optimum dimensions of weirs takes time and may generate mistakes in computation processes. The objectives of this study are to develop tools in the form of computer programs to determine the optimal dimensions of thin-crusted weirs subjected to expected discharges and to produce text files that store the resulted data readable by common CAD readers. These tools are expected capable to obtain fast and accurate weir’s dimensions and accelerate design processes. As a result, the tools have been built to determine the optimum dimensions of four weir types (full-rectangular, partial-rectangular, trapezoidal, and triangular). The programs are written interactively in Visual Basic Language available in MS Excel. The outputs are displayed in graphics and can be saved in an SCR file readable by any CAD software. These programs are easy to use and can reduce a significant time to get the optimum dimensions and may help to accelerate weir designs. The tools are practical to use and are sharable to any interested parties.
Climate trends and rainfall patterns in the Ciliwung watershed, West Java of Indonesia
Authors: Setiawan B I , Ma’mun M I 
Published: January 2021

AbstractJakarta city is one of the capitals that prone to frequent flooding. The objective of this study was to reveal climate trends and rainfall patterns upstream that were deemed to contribute to the flooding. Based on the daily climate data over 35 years from 1985 to 2019 and by applying Mann-Kendall Test and Gumbel distribution model, the watershed has become hotter and drier as indicated by a significant increase of air temperature (between 0.48 °C – 1.26 °C) and decrease of the relative humidity (over 2.9%). While the annual rainfall ranged around 3158±432 mm and did not indicate any changes. There were 5 extreme rainfalls in 1992 amounted to 4104 mm, 1995 (3758 mm), 2000 (3593 mm), 2012 (3779 mm), and 2013 (4283 mm). The maximum daily rainfall tended to increase at the slope of 0.94 mm/year, but the trend was not considered significant. The most probable event (63%) of the maximum daily rainfall was 98 mm with its return period of 1.6 years. The largest maximum daily rainfall was 245 mm in 2007 with its return period of 187 years causing the heaviest flooding with the highest casualty. There were clear indications that the rainfalls upstream considerably correlated with flooding.
Economic valuation of SRI paddy
Authors: Hasanah N A I , Setiawan B I , Arif C , Widodo S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
From an economic perspective, rice is an important crop. The System of Rice Intensification (SRI) is known as a rice production technology with a high economic value. The economic value varies depending on different implementations of water level in the SRI paddy field. This study was conducted to determine the best water level for SRI paddy cultivation based on its economic value regarding paddy field ecosystem service. In this study, SRI paddy rice was cultivated in experimental pots, and the water levels were regulated at -12, -7, -5, -3, 0 and +2 cm from the soil surface by using Mariotte tubes. The economic value can be calculated using the Total Economic Value (TEV) framework, namely, by considering the amount of irrigation water used, the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and the yields. The value is then optimized by Excel solver to maximize the balance in economic value as the objective. The water level was set as a changing value with the constraint not less than -12 and not more than +2. This analysis found that the best water level for SRI paddy cultivation is -5.88 cm from the soil surface based on its economic value (49.708 million IDR per hectare).
Real-time irrigation scheduling for upland crop based on soil and climate characteristics of tidal lowland area in South Sumatera
Authors: Imanudin M S , Priatna S J , Prayitno B M B , Arif C 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The research aims to determine the water requirement of plants based on soil and climate characteristics in the lowland area of South Sumatra. The study was conducted at the Soil Physics Laboratory, Soil Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University. Soil samples were taken from lowland areas at Tidal Lowland Reclamation in Telang I Banyuasin. Field research was conducted from March to November 2019. Climatic data were differentiated into rainfall conditions below 2,500 mm/year and more than 2,500 mm/year. The BUDGET model was used for simulations to determine real-time irrigation scheduling. The indicator crop is tomatoes, with a scenario arranged at the dry season planting period. The results showed that in the condition of annual rainfall < 2,500 mm, farmers need more irrigation frequencies compared to rainfall > 2,500 mm. Irrigation is not required under normal climatic conditions. Farmers only need to maintain the groundwater table under 40 cm using gate operation in the tertiary canal. Rainfall was sufficient to fulfill crop evapotranspiration. However, the irrigation scheduling was done every week during the initial growing stage and every ten days in the vegetative up to generative stages in the dry climatic condition.
Analysis of land requirements of Temesi final disposal facility, Gianyar Regency with 3R waste management scenario
Authors: Sudiartha G A W , Suyasa I W B 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Based on waste generation projection in 2040, the total waste generation in Gianyar Regency was approximately about 1,208.88 m3/day from a total occupant of 593,436 inhabitants in Gianyar Regency. The existing supporting capacity of Temesi Final Disposal (Temesi Landfill) was 51,500 m3; meanwhile, the total waste generation in Gianyar Regency in 2020 is up to 146,356 m3 consequently Temesi Landfill was overloaded by untreated solid waste since 2020. To reduce waste generation and decrease the treatment burden in Temesi Landfill, solid waste management using 3R methods from household clusters needs to be applied. Using 3R concept, eventually, the waste generation that is disposed into Temesi Landfill can be reduced significantly by 63%, from 1,208.88 m3/day into 446 m3/day with a total weight of 148 tonne/day in 2040. Within the 3R waste management from households, the land requirement could be reduced to only 1.08 Ha in 2020 and 14.35 Ha in 2040 from previously about 3 Ha and 39 Ha. Within the forecast results, it is concluded that the upstream 3R scenario has a significant impact on reducing waste generation; thus, it will also lead to fewer landfill area demands.
Conversion of municipal solid waste to refuse-derived fuel using biodrying
Authors: Zaman B , Hardyanti N , Samadikun B P , Restifani M S , Purwono P 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in Indonesia comes from urban settlements, markets, and industries. MSW decomposes naturally and without being used at all. The purpose of this study to convert MSW to refuse-derived fuel (RDF) using biodrying. The research was conducted on a laboratory scale using a biodrying reactor. The biodrying process takes place aerobically with an airflow rate of 6 L/min, the highest temperature reaches 60°C on the third day and the water content on the 21st day is 32.65%. The final RDF calorific value is 6,102.82 cal/g. This calorific value is equivalent to low-energy coal (brown coal). RDF from MSW can be applied to the cement industry that requires heat >6000 cal/g, PLTU requires 5242 cal/g, the metal industry requires 6000 cal/g, and the paper industry requires 5240 cal/g to carry out the production process.
The inverted U-shape relationship between education and environmental degradation: case of seven ASEAN Countries
Authors: Setyadharma A , Prasetyo P E , Oktavilia S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The empirical evidence on the impact of education on environmental degradation is not clear, with some studies find that education reduces environmental degradation, while others find the opposite direction. Unlike previous studies, this paper suggests that environmental degradation can be expressed as a quadratic function of educational level to investigate the existence of an inverted U-shape. The inverted U-shape means that at the beginning, increasing educational level deteriorates the environmental quality, and at a certain level, the rise of the educational level improves environmental quality. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility of the existence of an inverted U-shape relationship between education and environmental degradation. This study employs panel data regression from seven ASEAN countries from 2011 to 2017. this study sets an equation model with two main variables, i.e., education level and square term of education level. The main results show that the education variable is statistically significant reducing the environmental quality. In contrast, the fair term of education level variable is statistically significant in improving environmental quality. In conclusion, this study confirms the existence of an inverted U-shape relationship between education and environmental degradation. The policy implications are also discussed based on the findings.
Simulation sediment transport in development location of a diesel power plant using Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) methods
Authors: Yohana E , Utomo T S , Sumardi V S , Laksono D A , Rozi K , Choi K H 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Research about Sediment Transport is important for the sustainability of coastal buildings. The infrastructure construction of the Halmahera Diesel Power Plant (PLTD) in the coastal area requires water supply as a cooling system. The supply of cooling water can be reduced because of erosion or sedimentation. This study uses CFD modelling of ANSYS FLUENT applications with variations in mass flow rates. The Eulerian-Lagrangian approach is used to predict the rate of erosion and accretion that occur around the place of Halmahera. Methods of Particle Size Distribution (PSD) numerical simulation is uniform. The simulation process results consist of particle mass, erosion, and accretion rate in the seabed. Variations in mass flow rates of 0.05 kg/s, 0.1 kg/s, 0.15 kg/s, 0.2 kg/s, 0.25 kg/s obtained the erosion rate respectively 5.425 x 10−7 mm/year, 1.085 x 10−6 mm/year, 1.626 x 10−6 mm/year, 2.170 x 10−6 mm/year, 2.712 x 10−6 mm/year. The result of the accretion rate obtained from the variation in mass flow rates is 301.43 mm/year, 602.87 mm/year, 904.30 mm/year, 1205.50 mm/year, 1507.77 mm/year. From this research. The result of simulation to be important to predict the rate of sediment transport for consideration in the development location of construction Halmahera PLTD.
The effect of roof surface area on the quality and quantity of rainwater runoff in the rainwater harvesting system
Authors: Faza K , Suwartha N 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Rainwater harvesting system is one of the alternative sources of clean water supply to be used during the dry season. The purpose of this research was to analyze the effect of roof area on the quality and quantity of rainwater runoff and determine the potential of rainwater runoff based on quality standards. The observation was conducted 2 different times and collected 23 samples of rainwater runoff from 11 different roof areas. Daily rainfall intensity data during the observation period were analyzed to estimate the quantity of rainwater runoff discharges from the rooftop catchment area. The results showed that parameters that meet the clean water quality standard are turbidity, iron, manganese, nitrate, and nitrite in both observation time. While the color, pH, TDS, and E. coli exceeds the clean water quality standard. The highest rainwater runoff volume was 20.59 m3 for the first week and the second week was 14.06 m3. In conclusion, the rooftop catchment area significantly affects the quantity and quality of rainwater runoff, and potentially be used as a clean water supply through a simple water treatment unit.