bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining the frequency and concomitant dose of geometric verification imaging for patients undergoing proton beam therapy for ocular tumours; an audit of current clinical practice
Authors: Shrewsbury-Gee Kate , Kelly Daniel , Kirby Mike 
Published: April 2021

Objectives: This paper uses clinical audit to determine the extent and dosimetric impact of additional imaging for patients undergoing ocular proton beam therapy who have no clips visible in the collimated beam. Methods: An audit was conducted on 399 patients treated at The National Centre for Eye Proton Therapy between 3 July 2017 and 14 June 2019. The mean total number of image pairs over the course of treatment for patients with and without clips visible in the collimated beam were compared. Results: Among 364 evaluable patients, 333 had clips visible in the collimated beam and 31 did not. There was a statistically significant increase of five image pairs required for patients with no clips visible compared with those with clips visible (mean 14.6 vs 9.6 image pairs, respectively; p = 2.74 × 10–6). This equated to an additional 1.5 mGy absorbed dose, representing an increase in secondary cancer induction risk from 0.0004 to 0.0007%. Conclusions: The small increase in concomitant dose and set-up time for patients with no clips visible in the collimated beam is not clinically significant. Advances in knowledge: This novel work highlights clinical audit from real on-treatment geometric verification data and frequencies, rather than protocols, for ocular proton beam therapy; something not present in the literature. The simple and straightforward methodology is easily and equally applicable to clinical audits (especially those under Ionising Radiation (Medical Exposure) Regulations) for photon techniques.
Organizational and Economic Aspects of Increasing the Efficiency of Agricultural Production Based on Precision Farming Technologies
Authors: Neyfel'd V. , Kadomceva M. 
Published: April 2021

The article shows various aspects of increasing the efficiency of production of products of the plant growing sub-sector based on the introduction of precision farming technologies. An economic model for determining the potential for the introduction of precise technologies is presented, including the analysis of variable factors of production and the determination of the marginal product of labor in crop production, taking into account the acreage, yield, variable and fixed costs, the level of fertilization, plant protection products, profit and other factors.
A significant regional differentiation in the level of use of precision farming technologies is revealed. The key factors that determine regional differentiation in the size of areas where elements of precision farming are used and the level of use of digitalization means in agricultural production have been identified. On the example of the Saratov region, the economic efficiency of the introduction of a precision farming system, including systems of parallel driving, differentiated sowing, differentiated fertilization, and harvesting logistics, has been proved.
The directions of improving the system of state management of crop production using precision farming technologies based on the geographic information system of the region, including natural and cost indicators of crop production, distributed by geographic coordinates and aggregated with databases of commodity producers and cadastral land registration, have been developed.
Evolución de lesiones oculares en el trabajo en las comunidades autónomas españolas en el periodo 2008-2018
Authors: Martín Prieto Sergio , Alvarez Peregrina Cristina , Thuissard Vasallo Israel , Catalina Romero Carlos , Calvo Bonacho Eva , Villa Collar César , Sánchez Tena Miguel Ángel 
Published: April 2021

Objetivos: Analizar las diferencias en la evolución de las lesiones oculares en el trabajo entre las comunidades autónomas en España.
Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y longitudinal de los accidentes laborales y las enfermedades profesionales de una Mutua Colaboradora de la Seguridad Social entre las diferentes comunidades autónomas españolas en el intervalo de tiempo de 2008-2018. Se analizaron aquellos accidentes que provocaron lesión en alguna estructura ocular, comparándose la incidencia por cada 100 000 asegurados y el riesgo relativo (RR) de sufrir una lesión ocular en el trabajo.
Resultados: Se observó una disminución en la evolución de la incidencia de lesiones oculares en el trabajo en todas las comunidades, aunque con dos periodos diferenciados. El porcentaje de cambio anual disminuye en todas las comunidades hasta el 2013, pero entre 2013-2018 esta tendencia sólo se mantiene en Asturias, Castilla-La Mancha, Islas Canarias, Madrid, Murcia y Navarra. Castilla- La Mancha fue la comunidad autónoma con mayor incidencia (886.56/100 000) y riesgo relativo de sufrir una lesión ocular (RR 2.66; IC 95% 2.58 – 2.75), mientras Cataluña presentó la menor incidencia (82.25) y riesgo relativo (RR 0.25; IC 95 % 0.22 – 0.28).
Conclusiones: Durante el periodo 2008-2018 se produce una disminución en la incidencia de lesiones oculares en el trabajo en todas las comunidades autónomas con un cambio de tendencia a partir del año 2013.
Factores de riesgo psicosocial y molestias musculoesqueléticas en cajeros bancarios de una empresa bancaria en Lima - Perú
Authors: Rodriguez Rojas Richard Raitt , Escobar Galindo Carlos Manuel , Veliz Terry Paula Martha , Jara Espinoza Roly Marino 
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Determinar si la presencia de molestias musculoesqueléticas y el nivel de riesgo psicosocial se hallan relacionados en cajeros de una empresa bancaria en la ciudad de Lima.
Métodos: Diseño metodológico de tipo transversal y descriptivo. Se analizó una muestra de 234 trabajadores. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el Cuestionario de Riesgos Psicosociales en el Trabajo SUSESO – ISTAS 21 VERSIÓN BREVE, una adaptación del Cuestionario Nórdico de Molestias Musculoesqueléticas y una ficha de datos sociodemográficos. Se aplicaron los instrumentos de valoración entre los meses septiembre y noviembre del año 2018. Se utilizó la prueba de Chi Cuadrado para analizar la relación entre las variables principales del estudio.
Resultados: Las dimensiones de factores psicosociales con más prevalencia de riesgo alto fueron “Exigencias psicológicas” (50.1%) y “Doble presencia” (49.1%). Las molestias musculoesqueléticas más frecuentes fueron las reportadas en el cuello (75.9%) y en la zona dorsolumbar (75.0%). Se observó relación entre el nivel de riesgo psicosocial en la dimensión “Compensaciones” y cantidad de regiones corporales afectadas por molestias musculoesqueléticas en los cajeros bancarios (p<0.05).
Conclusiones: Existe relación entre el nivel de riesgo psicosocial en la dimensión de “Compensaciones” y la cantidad de regiones corporales con reporte de molestias musculoesqueléticas. Se recomienda propiciar factores psicosociales protectores para evitar las molestias musculoesqueléticas en los cajeros bancarios.
Autologous fat grafting combined with negative pressure wound therapy in severe diabetic foot ulcer: a case study
Authors: Biyao Zheng , Gang Xu , Hai Jiang , Chenwang Duan , Xuan Liu 
Published: April 2021

Objective: Hard-to-heal wounds are a surgical challenge, and diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are one of the most common and severe varieties. Previous studies have shown that autologous fat grafting (AFG) and negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) have the potential to promote wound healing. This case study describes how these two methods together helped in the healing of a serious DFU. Case history: A 65-year-old female patient had a severe DFU on her right foot, with a 30-year history of disease and renal failure. By the time symptoms were evident, regular dressing changes and antibiotic treatment were inadequate. She received surgical debridement, AFG and NPWT. Finally, as the granulation tissue covered the full wound bed, the wound was closed by split-thickness skin grafting. One month later, the DFU was fully healed with no recurrences. Conclusion: The application of AFG or components of adipose tissue to treat hard-to-heal wounds has been researched at both the molecular level and in clinic. In this case, we have proved the curative effect of jointly using AFG and NPWT.
Use of TIME in treating a hard-to-heal localised scleroderma wound
Authors: Hui-ren Zhuang , Hai-ping Yu , Li-li Ma 
Published: April 2021

Objective: Localised scleroderma is a rare disease and the wound is difficult to heal because of tissue fibrosis. We present the case of a patient with localised scleroderma treated using the TIME (tissue, infection or inflammation, moisture and edge of wound) clinical decision support tool (CDST) for wound management. This includes: assessment, bringing, control, decision and evaluation (the ABCDE approach). The patient was fully evaluated and multidisciplinary teams were involved in wound treatment. Complications of wound healing were controlled and treated, and the wound was continuously assessed until it healed. Conclusion: This method of wound management provides a sound theory for the evaluation and management of hard-to-heal wounds and is worthy of clinical application.
Frontier: Autonomy in Detection, Actuation, and Planning for Robotic Weeding Systems
Authors: Pandey Piyush , Dakshinamurthy Hemanth Narayan , Young Sierra N. 
Published: April 2021

HighlightsRecent research and development efforts center around developing smaller, portable robotic weeding systems.Deep learning methods have resulted in accurate, fast, and robust weed detection and identification.Additional key technologies under development include precision actuation and multi-vehicle planning. Keywords: Artificial intelligence, Automated systems, Automated weeding, Weed control.
Cattle Feeding Experiment and Chopping Device Parameter Determination for Mechanized Harvesting of Forage Rape Crop
Authors: Wan Xingyu , Liao Qingxi , Jiang Yajun , Liao Yitao 
Published: April 2021

HighlightsForage rape crop could effectively alleviate the lack of green forage for livestock in winter.With the growth of forage rape crop, stem lignification was exacerbated and its palatability degenerated.The relationship between particle length and palatability was explored in a cattle feeding experiment.Optimal working parameters of the chopping device were obtained for harvesting the crop in different stages.Abstract. Forage rape crop, which uses the immature plant leaf and stem of a hybrid rape crop (Brassica napus L.) with low erucic acid and glucosinolate to feed livestock, is an innovative fresh-fed feed material with the advantages of high yield, low cost, rich nutrients, and vigorous growth in winter. In this work, a systematic study was carried out on the relationships among the characteristics of forage rape crop stems, chopping device parameters of the harvester, feeding performance, and chopped particle length (PL) in different growth stages. The results of the stem characteristics tests indicated that stem lignification occurred and increased with growth of the crop from the bolting stage to the silique stage, leading to degeneration of its palatability. The cattle feeding experiment showed that when the bolting rape crop was used, the average feed intake of the cattle fed the chopped rape crop increased by 33.35%, compared to feeding the whole crop without chopping, while the average feeding time decreased by 35.44%. Further experiments on the effects of PL after chopping on feeding performance in different growth stages showed that the optimal PL values in the bolting, flowering, and silique stages were 80, 60, and 30 mm, respectively. Finally, the corresponding cutterhead rotational speeds of the chopping device were calculated as 450, 510, and 1200 r min-1, respectively. This study provides a reference for the development and application of harvesting equipment for forage rape crop. Keywords: Agricultural mechanization, Cattle feeding, Forage palatability, Harvester, Parameter matching.
I-FABP is decreased in COVID-19 patients, independently of the prognosis
Authors: Guedj Kevin , Uzzan Mathieu , Soudan Damien , Trichet Catherine , Nicoletti Antonino , Weiss Emmanuel , Manceau Hana , Nuzzo Alexandre , Corcos Olivier , Treton Xavier , Peoc’h Katell 
Published: April 2021

Background
Severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is frequently associated with gastrointestinal manifestations. Herein we evaluated the interest in measuring the intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP), a biomarker of intestinal injury, in COVID-19 patients.

Methods
Serum I-FABP was analyzed in 28 consecutive patients hospitalized for a PCR-confirmed COVID-19, in 24 hospitalized patients with non-COVID-19 pulmonary diseases, and 79 patients admitted to the emergency room for abdominal pain.

Results
I-FABP serum concentrations were significantly lower in patients with COVID-19, as compared to patients with non-COVID-19 pulmonary diseases [70.3 pg/mL (47–167.9) vs. 161.1 pg/mL (88.98–305.2), respectively, p = 0.008]. I-FABP concentrations in these two populations were significantly lower than in patients with abdominal pain without COVID-19 [344.8 pg/mL (268.9–579.6)]. I-FABP was neither associated with severity nor the duration of symptoms. I-FABP was correlated with polymorphonuclear cell counts.

Conclusions
In this pilot study, we observed a low I-FABP concentration in COVID-19 patients either with or without gastrointestinal symptoms, of which the pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical impact remain to be established. Further explorations on a larger cohort of patients will be needed to unravel the molecular mechanism of such observation, including the effects of malabsorption and/or abnormal lipid metabolism.
Proteomic identification of biomarkers in maternal plasma that predict the outcome of rescue cerclage for cervical insufficiency
Authors: Dan Kisoon , Lee Ji Eun , Han Dohyun , Kim Sun Min , Hong Subeen , Kim Hyeon Ji , Park Kyo Hoon 
Published: April 2021

Objective
We sought to identify plasma protein biomarkers that are predictive of the outcome of rescue cerclage in patients with cervical insufficiency.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study included 39 singleton pregnant women undergoing rescue cerclage for cervical insufficiency (17–25 weeks) who gave plasma samples. Three sets of pooled plasma samples from controls (cerclage success, n = 10) and cases (cerclage failure, n = 10, defined as spontaneous preterm delivery at <33 weeks) were labeled with 6-plex tandem mass tag (TMT) reagents and analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Differentially expressed proteins between the two groups were selected from the TMT-based quantitative analysis. Multiple reaction monitoring-mass spectrometry (MRM-MS) analysis was further used to verify the candidate proteins of interest in patients with cervical insufficiency in the final cohort (n = 39).

Results
From MRM-MS analysis of the 40 proteins showing statistically significant changes (P < 0.05) from the TMT-based quantitative analysis, plasma IGFBP-2, PSG4, and PGLYRP2 levels were found to be significantly increased, whereas plasma MET and LXN levels were significantly decreased in women with cerclage failure. Of these, IGFBP-2, PSG4, and LXN levels in plasma were independent of cervical dilatation. A multiple-biomarker panel was developed for the prediction of cerclage failure, using a stepwise regression procedure, which included the plasma IGFBP-2, PSG4, and LXN (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.916). The AUC for this multiple-biomarker panel was significantly greater than the AUC for any single biomarker included in the multi-biomarker model.

Conclusions
Proteomic analysis identified useful and independent plasma biomarkers (IGFBP-2, PSG4, and LXN; verified by MRM) that predict poor pregnancy outcome following rescue cerclage. Their combined analysis in a multi-biomarker panel significantly improved predictability.
Monocyte distribution width compared with C-reactive protein and procalcitonin for early sepsis detection in the emergency department
Authors: Woo A la , Oh Dong Kyu , Park Chan-Jeoung , Hong Sang-Bum 
Published: April 2021

Purpose
Monocyte distribution width (MDW) has been suggested as an early biomarker of sepsis, but few studies have compared MDW with conventional biomarkers, including C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT). This study evaluated MDW as a biomarker for sepsis and compared it with CRP and PCT.

Materials and methods
Patients aged 18–80 years who visited the emergency department were screened and prospectively enrolled in a tertiary medical center. Complete blood count, MDW, CRP, and PCT were examined. Diagnostic performance for sepsis was tested using the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, sensitivity, and specificity.

Results
In total, 665 patients were screened, and 549 patients with valid laboratory test results were included in the analysis. The patients were categorized into three groups according to the Sepsis-3 criteria: non-infection, infection, and sepsis. MDW showed the highest value in the sepsis group (median [interquartile range], 24.0 [20.8–27.8]). The AUC values for MDW, CRP, PCT, and white blood cells for predicting sepsis were 0.71 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67–0.75), 0.75 (95% CI, 0.71–0.78], 0.76 (95% CI, 0.72–0.79, and 0.61 (95% CI, 0.57–0.65), respectively. With the optimal cutoff value of the cohort, the sensitivity was 83.0% for MDW (cutoff, 19.8), 69.7% for CRP (cutoff, 4.0), and 76.6% for PCT (cutoff, 0.05). The combination of quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) with MDW improved the AUC (0.76; 95% CI, 0.72–0.80) to a greater extent than qSOFA alone (0.67; 95% CI, 0.62–0.72).

Conclusions
MDW reflected a diagnostic performance comparable to that of conventional diagnostic markers, implying that MDW is an alternative biomarker. The combination of MDW and qSOFA improves the diagnostic performance for early sepsis.
Evaluation of fracture resistance of zirconia monolithic restorations: an in vitro study
Authors: Arafa Ahmed Mohamed , El-Kouedi Ahmad , Hamza Tamer , Katamish Hisham 
Published: April 2021

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate fracture resistance of zirconia monolithic restorations after ageing procedures. Material and methods: The fracture resistance of zirconia-based restoration after ageing procedures was evaluated. Monolithic translucent zirconia 3-unit FDPs were fabricated using Cerec inLab CAD/CAM system on 2 stainless steel dies prepared from stainless steel with a uniform 120 degrees circumferential deep chamfer finish line of 1 mm width and were placed into a stainless steel holder. FDPs were divided into 2 groups, the first group (Group A) was subjected to aging procedures in an autoclave at hydrothermal conditions 134 °C /2 bars for 5 hours. The second group (Group B) was not subjected to any ageing procedures and was designed as control group. All specimens of group A (Aged TZI) and group B (non- aged TZI) were loaded compressively in a universal testing machine at cross head speed 0.5 mm/min until fracture occurred. The percentage of monoclinic (m) phase was detected by XRD device. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to examine the fractured surfaces for Aged TZI (Group A) and Non-aged TZI (Group B). Student’s t-test was used to compare between fracture resistances of both groups. The significance level was set at P ? 0.05. Results: The fracture resistance mean (SD) values of non-aged TZI (Group B) was 2406.9±306.8 N which showed statistically significantly higher than that of aged group (Group A) which was 1964.5±234.5 N. The percentage of monoclinic (m) phase detected by XRD device software in non-aged TZI (Group B) was nearly 0 weight % and in aged TZI (Group A) was about 42 weight %. Conclusion: Accelerated artificial aging decreases the fracture resistance of monolithic TZI FDPs.
Keywords
Artificial aging; Fracture resistance; Monolithic zirconia.
Photosensitizers and Exposure Times To Light Showed Tissue Compatibility In Isogenic Mice
Authors: Assed Bezerra da Silva Raquel , Silva Barroso de Oliveira Daniela , Morant Holanda de Oliveira Katharina , Pucinelli Carolina Maschietto , Nelson Filho Paulo , Consolaro Alberto , Belém Novaes Jr Arthur , Assed Bezerra da Silva Lea 
Published: April 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the subcutaneous tissue response after different protocols to photodynamic therapy (PDT). In Phase 1, were tested the diode laser (used for 1min) associated to the photosensitizer phenothiazine chloride solution (PCS) in different concentrations. In Phase 2 – the diode laser and LED were tested associated to two different photosensitizers, PCS and Curcumin, in different exposure times of light application. Material and Methods: After 7, 21 and 63-days the animals were euthanized and the subcutaneous tissue processed to histological analysis. Qualitative and semi-quantitative descriptions of the inflammatory process and immunohistochemical technique were performed. The obtained data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn’s post-test (alpha = 0.5). Results: On Phase 1, the tissue response was very similar among the groups. For the inflammatory infiltrate, PCS with concentration of 10mg/mL exhibited the most intense reaction (p > 0.05). On Phase 2, at 7-days period, the analyzed parameters presented small magnitude and after 21 and 63-days, all the parameters demonstrated tissue compatibility. Conclusion: Both photosensitizers presented proper tissue compatibility regardless the different concentrations used on Phase 1 and different durations of light exposure on Phase 2.

Keywords
Photodynamic therapy; Phenothiazine chloride solution; Curcumin; Isogenic mice; Subcutaneous tissue.
Cephalometric comparison of dentofacial parameters between Yemeni and Caucasian adults
Authors: Al-Yousefi Amal , Al- Haddad Khaled , Daer Ammar , A. Al-Labani Mohammed 
Published: April 2021

Objective: The purposes of this research were to establish cephalometric standards for Yemeni adults and to compare them with those of the Caucasians. Material and Methods: 100 Yemeni students (fifty males, mean age of 23.6 ± 2.1 years, and fifty female, mean age of 21.5 ± 3.1 years) with normal occlusions and wellbalanced faces were involved in the study. Inclusion criteria were a class I malocclusion with minor or no crowding, the whole teeth is present except third molars and no previous orthodontic, orthopedic or maxillofacial surgery treatment. Five angular and eighteen linear measurements were used for the skeletal, dental and soft tissue analysis. All participant’s lateral cephalometric radiographs were evaluated. The average values and standard deviations for all the angles and linear measurements were determined. The differences for each measurement between the Yemeni and Caucasian participants were calculated using unpaired t–tests. Results: Yemeni subjects had a more retrognathic mandibular positions (P< 0.05), protrusive mandibular incisors (P< 0.01), more protruded lip positions (P < 0.01), deeper mentolabial sulci (P< 0.01) and a steeper mandibular planes (P< 0.001) compared to the Caucasians. Yemeni females had a larger lower face height than Caucasian females (P< 0.001). Conclusions: The study provides specific standards for Yemeni adults and shows that the Yemenis had different skeletal and dentoalveolar cephalometric standards in comparison with Caucasians.

Keywords
Cephalometric comparison; Skeletal and dental features; Yemeni norms.