bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biodegradation and performance of poly(ɛ‐caprolactone)/macaíba biocomposites
Authors: Siqueira Danilo D. , Luna Carlos B. B. , Araújo Edcleide Maria , de Carvalho Costa Thercio Henrique , Wellen Renate M. R. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractGiven the need to produce biodegradable materials, especially plastics that contribute to environmental pollution, in this work poly(ɛ‐caprolactone) (PCL) biocomposites were produced with 10%, 15%, and 20% by weight of macaíba fiber (MF) which was treated by toluene and by plasma, aiming at compounds production with high performance and biodegradability. Mechanical properties (impact, tensile, and flexion), differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric, water absorption, contact angle, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy analyses were evaluated. Biocomposites whose fibers were treated by plasma, displayed lower elastic modulus than PCL, the superficial fiber treatment by plasma removed the impurities keeping the oil that is an intrinsic characteristic of MF. Biodegradation tests performed according to ASTM G160‐03 showed that biocomposites with 20% of treated fiber lost approximately 20% of the weight after 90 days, which is equivalent to a 25% of biodegradation acceleration in relation to PCL. All biocomposites showed rough morphology, with the presence of cracks and pores due to the biodegradation action. These results showed that the treated MFs are a promising agent to accelerate PCL biodegradation while keeping reasonable performance. Summing up PCL/MF with 10% MF displayed the best performance and is feasible to be used as general good as well as biofilm application.
Long‐term single‐column model intercomparison of diurnal cycle of precipitation over midlatitude and tropical land
Authors: Tang Shuaiqi , Xie Shaocheng , Guo Zhun , Hong Song‐You , Khouider Boualem , Klocke Daniel , Köhler Martin , Koo Myung‐Seo , Krishna Phani Murali , Larson Vincent E. , Park Sungsu , Vaillancourt Paul A. , Wang Yi‐Chi , Yang Jing , Daleu Chimene L. , Homeyer Cameron R. , Jones Todd R. , Malap Neelam , Neggers Roel , Prabhakaran Thara , Ramirez Enver , Schumacher Courtney , Tao Cheng , Bechtold Peter , Ma Hsi‐Yen , Neelin J. David , Zeng Xubin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractGeneral Circulation Models (GCMs) have for decades exhibited difficulties in modelling the diurnal cycle of precipitation (DCP). This issue can be related to inappropriate representation of the processes controlling sub‐diurnal phenomena like convection. In this study, 11 single‐column versions of GCMs are used to investigate the interactions between convection and environmental conditions, processes that control nocturnal convections, and the transition from shallow to deep convection on a diurnal time‐scale. Long‐term simulations are performed over two continental land sites: the Southern Great Plains (SGP) in the USA for 12 summer months from 2004 to 2015 and the Manacapuru site at the central Amazon (MAO) in Brazil for two full years from 2014 to 2015. The analysis is done on two regimes: afternoon convective regime and nocturnal precipitation regime. Most models produce afternoon precipitation too early, likely due to the missing transition of shallow‐to‐deep convection in these models. At SGP, the unified convection schemes better simulate the onset time of precipitation. At MAO, models produce the heating peak in a much lower level compared with observation, indicating too shallow convection in the models. For nocturnal precipitation, models that produce most of nocturnal precipitation all allow convection to be triggered above the boundary layer. This indicates the importance of model capability to detect elevated convection for simulating nocturnal precipitation. Sensitivity studies indicate that (a) nudging environmental variables towards observations has a minor impact on DCP, (b) unified treatment of shallow and deep convection and the capability to capture mid‐level convection can help models better capture DCP, and (c) the interactions of the atmosphere with other components in the climate system (e.g. land) are also important for DCP simulations in coupled models. These results provide long‐term statistical insights on which physical processes are essential in climate models to simulate DCP.
Output‐feedback finite‐time and exponential tracking continuous control for mechanical systems with constrained inputs
Authors: Zavala‐Río Arturo , Zamora‐Gómez Griselda I. , Sanchez Tonametl , Reyes‐Cortes Fernando , Santibáñez Víctor 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAn output‐feedback finite‐time/exponential tracking continuous control scheme for mechanical systems with constrained inputs is proposed. The developed controller has a velocity‐free saturating‐proportional saturating‐derivative type structure, inducing damping through a dirty‐derivative based auxiliary dynamics. Special well‐defined functions that coat the error correction actions of the control scheme give the required shaping for the concerned type of convergence and input saturation avoidance. The type of convergence is determined through the choice on the values of specific control parameters. Differently to similar previous approaches for state‐feedback tracking or output‐feedback regulation, the control parameters that determine the trajectory convergence are not restricted to satisfy a fixed equivalence relation but rather a wider comparative one. This expands the spectrum of finite‐time convergent trajectories that may be induced, and further gives the option of an additional (unconventional) type of exponential stability (in addition to the conventional one). The closed‐loop analysis is supported through suitable strict Lyapunov functions. Experimental tests on a 3‐degree‐of‐freedom robot manipulator further support the contributed result.
Between‐ and within‐person consequences of daily entrepreneurial stressors on discrete emotions in entrepreneurs: The moderating role of personality
Authors: Xu Feng , Kellermanns Franz W. , Jin Linlin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study builds and tests a model that explains entrepreneurs' emotional responses to events in their work lives while specifying the role of entrepreneurs' personality in moderating such responses. Drawing on the cognitive appraisal theory, we hypothesise that daily entrepreneurial stressors (workload and financial) exert negative influences on two discrete emotions (fear and pride) and that entrepreneurs' neuroticism and dispositional optimism can moderate the proposed relationships. We examined daily diary data of 61 entrepreneurs over a two‐week period and found multilevel evidence of individual differences in entrepreneurs' emotional responses to these stressors at both the between‐ and within‐person levels of analysis. We also found that neuroticism and optimism partially account for the examined relationships across both levels. This study contributes to the literature on stress‐related emotional experiences in an entrepreneurial context by taking into account the type of stressor and the temporal framework across levels of analysis.
Oxygen Vacancies‐Rich Heterojunction of Ti3C2/BiOBr for Photo‐Excited Antibacterial Textiles
Authors: Li Jianfang , Ma Lili , Li Zhaoyang , Liu Xiangmei , Zheng Yufeng , Liang Yanqin , Liang Chunyong , Cui Zhenduo , Zhu Shengli , Wu Shuilin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPathogenic bacteria that adhere on the surface of textiles, especially healthcare workers’ uniforms, have brought severe problems, including nosocomial infection and other infectious diseases. Here, antibacterial textiles are fabricated by in situ growing oxygen vacancies (OVs) BiOBr on the surface of Ti3C2 nanosheets followed by in situ polymerization of polypyrrole (ppy). The formed Schottky heterojunction containing OVs of Ti3C2/BiOBr effectively enhance the transfer and separation of photogenerated carriers, inhibit the recombination, and decrease the band gap by introducing defect level, which significantly improve the photocatalytic activity, leading to higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) under light irradiation. Therefore, the antibacterial efficacy of textiles reaches up to 98.64% against Staphylococcus aureus and 99.89% against Escherichia coli with the assistance of hyperthermia under light irradiation for 15 min. This work provides insights for designing photo‐excited antibacterial textiles by interfacial construction based on Schottky junctions and OVs in the incorporated nanomaterials.
Seismic behavior and damage assessment of concrete‐filled steel tube columns in diagrid structures
Authors: Wang Bin , Shi Qing‐Xuan , Cai Wen‐Zhe 
Published: November 2021

SummaryDiagrid structures have become an innovative and attractive choice for high‐rise buildings due to their high rigidity and esthetic appearance. Inclined concrete‐filled steel tube (CFST) columns, as the main load‐carrying members of diagrid structures, are supposed to be subjected to axial tension and compression loads. However, few studies have investigated the seismic behavior and damage assessment of CFST columns under axial cyclic loading. This study presents experimental results for eight circular CFST columns under axial cyclic loading. Based on the observed damage evolution, a damage assessment model for CFST columns subjected to axial cyclic loading was developed using a nonlinear combination of stiffness degradation and hysteretic energy dissipation. The contributions of the maximum response and cyclic loading effects to the damage were specified by introducing combination coefficients, which can be determined from a proposed equation based on the aspect ratio and confinement index of the CFST columns. Finally, the corresponding relationships between the range of the damage index and the degree of damage of CFST columns under different performance levels were established, which can provide the necessary basis for economic loss assessment and repair of earthquake‐damaged diagrid structures.
Explaining artificial intelligence with visual analytics in healthcare
Authors: Ooge Jeroen , Stiglic Gregor , Verbert Katrien 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTo make predictions and explore large datasets, healthcare is increasingly applying advanced algorithms of artificial intelligence. However, to make well‐considered and trustworthy decisions, healthcare professionals require ways to gain insights in these algorithms' outputs. One approach is visual analytics, which integrates humans in decision‐making through visualizations that facilitate interaction with algorithms. Although many visual analytics systems have been developed for healthcare, a clear overview of their explanation techniques is lacking. Therefore, we review 71 visual analytics systems for healthcare, and analyze how they explain advanced algorithms through visualization, interaction, shepherding, and direct explanation. Based on our analysis, we outline research opportunities and challenges to further guide the exciting rapprochement of visual analytics and healthcare.This article is categorized under:Application Areas > Health CareFundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Explainable AITechnologies > Visualization
Sensitivity to BSM effects in the Higgs pT spectrum within SMEFT
Authors: Battaglia Marco , Grazzini Massimiliano , Spira Michael , Wiesemann Marius 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The study of Higgs boson production at large transverse momentum is one of the new frontiers for the LHC Higgs physics programme. This paper considers boosted Higgs production in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT). We focus on the gluon fusion and t$$ \overline{t} $$

t
¯

H production processes and study the effects of three dimension-6 operators: the top Yukawa operator, the gluon-Higgs effective coupling and the chromomagnetic dipole operator of the top quark. We perform a detailed study of the sensitivity of current and future LHC data to the corresponding Wilson coefficients, consistently accounting for their renormalisation group evolution. We compare the sensitivities obtained with only linear and linear + quadratic terms in the SMEFT by using the spectrum shape and the addition of the Higgs signal yields. We also consider fits of pT spectra in models with heavy-top partners and in MSSM scenarios with a light scalar top and study the validity of the SMEFT assumptions as a function of the new-particle masses and the Higgs pT range. Finally, we extract constraints on the Wilson coefficients for gluon fusion from a simultaneous fit to the ATLAS and CMS data and compare our results with those obtained in global SMEFT analyses.
Deletion of a cyclin-dependent protein kinase inhibitor, CsSMR1, leads to dwarf and determinate growth in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)
Authors: Li Shuai , Zhang Qiqi , Zhang Huimin , Wang Jie , Sun Jinjing , Yang Xueyong , Huang Sanwen , Zhang Zhonghua 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Key message
A 7.9 kb deletion which contains a cyclin-dependent protein kinase inhibitor leads to determinate growth and dwarf phenotype in cucumber.

Abstract
Plant architecture is a composite character which are mainly defined by shoot branching, internode elongation and shoot determinacy. Ideal architecture tends to increase the yield of plants, just like the case of “Green Revolution” increased by the application of semi-dwarf cereal crop varieties in 1960s. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is an important vegetable cultivated worldwide, and suitable architecture varieties were selected for different production systems. In this study, we obtained a novel dwarf mutant with strikingly shortened plant height and determinate growth habit. By bulked segregant analysis and map-based cloning, we delimited the dw2 locus to a 56.4 kb region which contain five genes. Among all the variations between WT and dw2 within the 56.4 kb region, a 7.9 kb deletion which resulted in complete deletion of CsaV3_5G035790 in dw2 was co-segregated with the dwarf phenotype. Haplotype analysis and gene expression analysis suggest that CsaV3_5G035790 encoding a cyclin-dependent protein kinase inhibitor (CsSMR1) be the candidate gene responsible for the dwarf phenotype in dw2. RNA-seq analysis shows that several kinesin-like proteins, cyclins and reported organ size regulators are expressed differentially between WT and dw2, which may account for the reduced organ size in dwarf plants. Additionally, the down-regulation of CsSTM and CsWOX9 in dw2 resulted in premature termination of shoot apical meristem development, which eventually reduces the internode number and plant height. Identification and characterization of the CsSMR1 provide a new insight into cucumber architecture modification to be applied to mechanized production system.
MLMT-CNN for object detection and segmentation in multi-layer and multi-spectral images
Authors: Almahasneh Majedaldein , Paiement Adeline , Xie Xianghua , Aboudarham Jean 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPrecisely localising solar Active Regions (AR) from multi-spectral images is a challenging but important task in understanding solar activity and its influence on space weather. A main challenge comes from each modality capturing a different location of the 3D objects, as opposed to typical multi-spectral imaging scenarios where all image bands observe the same scene. Thus, we refer to this special multi-spectral scenario as multi-layer. We present a multi-task deep learning framework that exploits the dependencies between image bands to produce 3D AR localisation (segmentation and detection) where different image bands (and physical locations) have their own set of results. Furthermore, to address the difficulty of producing dense AR annotations for training supervised machine learning (ML) algorithms, we adapt a training strategy based on weak labels (i.e. bounding boxes) in a recursive manner. We compare our detection and segmentation stages against baseline approaches for solar image analysis (multi-channel coronal hole detection, SPOCA for ARs) and state-of-the-art deep learning methods (Faster RCNN, U-Net). Additionally, both detection and segmentation stages are quantitatively validated on artificially created data of similar spatial configurations made from annotated multi-modal magnetic resonance images. Our framework achieves an average of 0.72 IoU (segmentation) and 0.90 F1 score (detection) across all modalities, comparing to the best performing baseline methods with scores of 0.53 and 0.58, respectively, on the artificial dataset, and 0.84 F1 score in the AR detection task comparing to baseline of 0.82 F1 score. Our segmentation results are qualitatively validated by an expert on real ARs.
Reaction-Driven Relaxation in Three-Dimensional Keller–Segel–Navier–Stokes Interaction
Authors: Winkler Michael 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe Keller–Segel–Navier–Stokes system $$\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{rcll} n_t + u\cdot \nabla n &{}=&{} \Delta n - \chi \nabla \cdot (n\nabla c) + \rho n-\mu n^2,\\ c_t + u\cdot \nabla c &{}=&{} \Delta c-c+n, \\ u_t + (u\cdot \nabla )u &{}=&{} \Delta u + \nabla P + n \nabla \phi + f(x,t), \qquad \nabla \cdot u=0, \end{array} \right. \qquad \qquad (\star ) \end{aligned}$$

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and $$\mu >0$$

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. As recent literature has shown, for all reasonably mild initial data a corresponding no-flux/no-flux/Dirichlet initial-boundary value problem possesses a global generalized solution, but the knowledge on its regularity properties has not yet exceeded some information on fairly basic integrability features. The present study reveals that whenever $$\omega >0$$

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, these results especially assert essentially unconditional statements on eventual regularity in taxis-reaction systems interacting with liquid environments, such as arising in contexts of models for broadcast spawning discussed in recent literature.
Preserved periprosthetic bone stock at 5 years post-operatively with uncemented short hip stem in both collared and collarless version
Authors: Belfrage Ola , Weber Erik , Sundberg Martin , Flivik Gunnar 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Introduction
Previous bone density studies have generally shown bone resorption around both cemented and uncemented total hip arthroplasty (THA) stems. This is presumed to be due to stress shielding. Short stems have been introduced partly to preserve bone in the proximal femur by a more physiological loading of the bone. The purpose of this study was to evaluate bone remodeling around a short, fully hydroxyapatite-coated titanium stem that comes in a collared and collarless version.

Patients and methods
A prospective cohort of 50 patients included in a study evaluating the Furlong Evolution stem has been followed for 5 years. Examination was done with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) postoperatively, at 1, 2 and 5 years. Clinical outcome was followed with radiography and both general and hip specific outcome measures.

Results
The two versions of the stem behaved similarly regarding bone remodeling. After an initial decrease up to 1 year, bone mineral density (BMD) increased in all Gruen zones up to 2 years and at 5 years bone stock was still preserved compared with postoperatively (net BMD + 1.2% (95% CI − 0.4 to 2.8)). Increase in BMD occurred mainly in the greater trochanter and distally around the stem with a decrease in the calcar area. Both versions showed excellent clinical outcome up to 5 years.

Conclusion
This short stem seems to preserve proximal bone stock up to 5 years, exhibiting similar behaviour both with and without a collar.

Trial registration number and date of registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, (identifier: NCT01894854). July 10, 2013.
A pessimistic bilevel stochastic problem for elastic shape optimization
Authors: Burtscheidt Johanna , Claus Matthias , Conti Sergio , Rumpf Martin , Sassen Josua , Schultz Rüdiger 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe consider pessimistic bilevel stochastic programs in which the follower maximizes over a fixed compact convex set a strictly convex quadratic function, whose Hessian depends on the leader’s decision. This results in a random upper level outcome which is evaluated by a convex risk measure. Under assumptions including real analyticity of the lower-level goal function, we prove the existence of optimal solutions. We discuss an alternate model, where the leader hedges against optimal lower-level solutions, and show that solvability can be guaranteed under weaker conditions in both, a deterministic and a stochastic setting. The approach is applied to a mechanical shape optimization problem in which the leader decides on an optimal material distribution to minimize a tracking-type cost functional, whereas the follower chooses forces from an admissible set to maximize a compliance objective. The material distribution is considered to be stochastically perturbed in the actual construction phase. Computational results illustrate the bilevel optimization concept and demonstrate the interplay of follower and leader in shape design and testing.
Abelian surfaces over totally real fields are potentially modular
Authors: Boxer George , Calegari Frank , Gee Toby , Pilloni Vincent 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe show that abelian surfaces (and consequently curves of genus 2) over totally real fields are potentially modular. As a consequence, we obtain the expected meromorphic continuation and functional equations of their Hasse–Weil zeta functions. We furthermore show the modularity of infinitely many abelian surfaces $A$Aover ${\mathbf {Q}}$Qwith $\operatorname{End}_{ {\mathbf {C}}}A={\mathbf {Z}}$EndCA=Z. We also deduce modularity and potential modularity results for genus one curves over (not necessarily CM) quadratic extensions of totally real fields.