bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Error Estimation in Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis in Two and Three Dimensions
Authors: Tetambe Ravi P. , Saigal Sunil S. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a comparative study of a series of flux projection type error estimators for elasto-plastic and viscoplastic materials undergoing large strains and large rotations. The error estimators are: L2 norms of stress error, total strain error, equivalent strain error, incremental total strain error per load step, and energy rate norm error, respectively. Numerical examples are presented in both two and three dimensions. The information provided by these error estimators may be used for adaptive mesh refinement and for subsequent data transfer (rezoning) in a large deformation analysis. The error estimators based on the energy rate and the incremental total strain were found to be consistently accurate in the prediction of the discretization error for the two dimensional test cases considered. The L2 norm of incremental strain error estimator consistently gave the most conservative estimate of error in two dimensions. The overall behavior of these error estimators in three dimensions was acceptable, although, not as intuitive as it was in two dimensions.
Development and Application of a Nonlinear Finite Element Computer Program
Authors: Xie Ming 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
An elastic-plastic stress increment updating scheme, namely, an adaptive step-size control scheme of a second-order Runge-Kutta method, was proposed. In order to model the contact loading of a rigid cylinder on a short beam specimen in the study of three-point short beam shear tests of composite materials, a simple contact modeling scheme was also developed. A three-dimensional nonlinear finite element computer program, incorporating a plasticity model for fiber-reinforced composites, was developed in the present study. The stress increment updating scheme and the contact modeling algorithm were implemented into the program. Some numerical examples were presented and these numerical techniques were shown to be more efficient than other conventional schemes while generating comparable results. The numerical results for the modeling of a short beam shear test method for unidirectional composite materials were also presented as an application of the computer program.
Smooth Surface Construction on Arbitrary Quadrilateral Mesh
Authors: Huang ZhengDong , Zhoun Ji , Yu Jun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper gives an approach to construct smooth surfaces on arbitrary quadrilateral mesh. We handle vertex compatibility conditions by making the surfaces conserve the constructed vertex local shapes, lessen the number of constraints along edges by utilizing rational connecting functions and eliminate the surface twist by applying multi-step linear variational optimizations to adjust free control points. The result surfaces not only have tangent plane continuity but also fairness.
Dynamic Characteristics of Liquid Draining From a Tank in Weightlessness
Authors: Yan Wei , Vatistas Georgios H. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A computational simulation of the dynamic behavior of liquids in space vehicles is present. It is found that the viscosity has the influence on the liquid-vapor interface formation time after the system exposed to zero-gravity environment from terrestrial conditions. The liquid residuals during outflow vary considerably with starting draining time. The liquid residuals exhibit to be the function of outflow velocity.
An Improved Method for Predicting Shear Stress in Rectangular Shafts Based on Optimization Polynomials
Authors: Shoup T. E. , Sanchez L. A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper presents several new approximations for the coefficients associated with the shear stresses in rectangular shafts. The new results are developed using an optimization approach based on a polynomial merit function to predict the maximum shear stress along the center of the long side of the cross section. The results are shown to be more accurate than existing approximate methods that are now in the literature.
Graphics Application Program Development: In Support of the Virtual Thesis
Authors: Bøhn Jan Helge 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Graduate students majoring in engineering are frequently in need of developing graphics application programs to demonstrate or illustrate their thesis or other research work. This typically requires a background emphasizing strong programming skills and an understanding of computer graphics in addition to their specific area of expertise.
This paper reports on a first-year graduate-level course that offers students the opportunity to sharpen their programming skills while learning to develop graphics applications related to their particular field of interest. The key elements of this course include a sequence of laboratory homework exercises, an applied term project, and a literature review term paper. The sequence of homeworks is designed to illustrate the fundamental concepts presented in class and facilitate the completion of the subsequent applied term project assignment. The term project and paper are defined by each student to reflect his or her area of interest, which broadens the appeal and adds utility and diversity to the course.
STEP Application Protocol Interoperability for CAD/CAPP Integration
Authors: Zhang Shensheng , Hou Xiaolin , Wang Zhonghui 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
To support the requirement of concurrent engineering (CE), we need current STEP APs interpretable to integrate different applications in different phases of the entire lifetime cycle of a product. COMposition Application Protocols (COMAP) introduced and discussed in this paper is proposed to solve this problem. COMAP, serving as a root AP, is built on top of existing STEP APs for mapping information among them. A prototype of COMAP (cadpp) based on AP203 and AP224 for CAD/CAPP integration is implemented and discussed.
Assembly Features and Visibility Maps
Authors: van Holland Winfried , Bronsvoort Willem F. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Feature modelling is now being used quite extensively in the context of manufacturing of parts. It is shown that the use of features in product models, instead of geometric information only, can be very useful in assembly as well. This is done by introducing two types of assembly features, handling and connection features, and by outlining their usability in several assembly planning modules.
It is also shown that in assembly feature modelling the concept of internal freedom of motion can be profitably used. Internal freedom of motion can be represented with visibility maps, which can be transformed using the central projection method. An extension of the central projection method, projecting a visibility map onto a cube, is described.
Towards a Product Model for Virtual Prototyping
Authors: Henson Brian W. , Juster Neal P. , de Pennington Alan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Most virtual prototypes used within the domain of mechanical engineering are well defined geometric representations loosely linked to analysis packages. By taking a holistic, top-down view of the product introduction process this paper argues that virtual prototypes should be based upon product models that allow for the representation of more than just geometric information. A methodology based upon the reference model for open distributed processing is presented that simplifies the task of deciding what information should be supported. The paper argues that virtual prototypes should use product models that integrate the representation of the geometry, function and behaviour of a product. A case study is presented to show how experimental virtual prototyping software, based on such a product model, can aid the product introduction process.
Variable Focus Three-Dimensional Laser Digitizing System
Authors: Alciatore David G. , Pasquini Ronald M. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper describes a new three-dimensional scanning technology which is being developed at Colorado State University. Unlike other laser-based scanners which use active or passive triangulation to obtain surface range data, the new variable focus laser digitizing system (VFLDS) uses the principles of optical focal length to measure surface range data. This system should represent a significant step forward in speed and simplicity over current laser-based single point digitizing systems while retaining all of their advantages. The goal of the initial research presented here is to produce preliminary results which will prove the viability of this new approach.
Function Modeling and Process Description of Forging for STEP AP Development
Authors: Wang Ching-Yang , Radack Gerald M. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
An application protocol (AP) for forging can help the forging industry migrate to an integrated, electronic environment for the exchange of design and manufacturing information. One element of the AP is a function model that identifies information needed by the forging industry. AP development can be enhanced by computer models that simulate forging design and forging processes. This paper describes function modeling and process description capture for forged part design and manufacturing processes.
Modeling Patient Care for Multimedia Database
Authors: Cohen Tal , Birkes Angela Y. , Hsiung Chien H. , Fulton Robert E. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the medical arena, the number of uses for new technology is increasing rapidly. In the last few decades, physicians have been using more computerized tools and are basing their diagnoses on high-tech lab results. While the tools used for diagnoses — such as catscans, MRI’s and the myriad of other high-tech equipment — have improved greatly over the years, the method of storing these results into a medical record has not changed much. In fact, the medical system is using antiquated methods of paper-based record, and this results in inefficiency. The record-keeping system simply does not allow for the hightech equipment to be used to their greatest potential.
Medical professionals are confronted with a basic issue: How should they manage the huge amount of different types of information so that they can improve medical treatment and upgrade patient care? The case study presented in this paper deals with the Emory Clinic, located in Atlanta, Georgia, which treats a very high volume of patients. This paper provides a study of the patient care process, development of an initial product data model, characterizes and identifies multimedia datasets and finally presents a screen mockup that reflect some of the datasets.
A Method of Object Oriented Information Management for Layout Design
Authors: Vallis Paul , Colton Jonathan S. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
During the layout design process, the spatial arrangement of components in an engineering system is developed in order to meet design goals and constraints. Proper organization of the information involved in this process enhances the quality of layout designs. The organization of information is accomplished through the use of the techniques and methods existing in the information management field. Using the object-oriented technique, a method was developed to guide the design of information management systems that support the layout design process. The method was developed in a case study involving the layout design of automobile engine bay components.
Menthol Mouth Rinsing and Cycling Performance in Females Under Heat Stress
Authors: Gavel Erica H. , Logan-Sprenger Heather M. , Good Joshua , Jacobs Ira , Thomas Scott G. 
Published: March 2021

Purpose: The effects of menthol (MEN) mouth rinse (MR) on performance, physiological, and perceptual variables in female cyclists during a 30-km independent time trial (ITT) were tested. Methods: The participants (n = 9) cycled for 30 km in hot conditions (30°C [0.6°C], 70% [1%] relative humidity, 12 [1] km/h wind speed) on 2 test occasions: with a placebo MR and with MEN MR. Handgrip and a 5-second sprint were measured before, following the first MR, and after the ITT. Ratings of perceived exertion Borg 6 to 20, thermal sensation, and thermal pleasantness were recorded every 5 km. Core temperature and heart rate were recorded throughout. Results: The ITT performance significantly improved with MEN MR by 2.3% (2.7%) relative to the placebo (62.6 [5.7] vs 64.0 [4.9] min P = .034; d = 0.85; 95% confidence interval, 0.14 to 2.8 min). The average power output was significantly higher in the MEN trial (P = .031; d = 0.87; 95% confidence interval, 0.9 to 15.0 W). No significant interaction of time and MR for handgrip (P = .581, η2 = .04) or sprint was observed (P = .365, η2 = .103). Core temperature, heart rate, ratings of perceived exertion, and thermal sensation did not significantly differ between trials at set distances (P > .05). Pleasantness significantly differed between the placebo and MEN only at 5 km, with no differences at other TT distances. Conclusion: These results suggest that a nonthermal cooling agent can improve 30-km ITT performance in female cyclists, although the improved performance with MEN MR is not due to altered thermal perception.
Magnetostratigraphy of U-Pb–dated boreholes in Svalbard, Norway, implies that magnetochron M0r (a proposed Barremian-Aptian boundary marker) begins at 121.2 ± 0.4 Ma
Authors: Zhang Yang , Ogg James G. , Minguez Daniel , Hounslow Mark W. , Olaussen Snorre , Gradstein Felix M. , Esmeray-Senlet Selen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The age of the beginning of magnetic polarity Chron M0r, a proposed marker for the base of the Aptian Stage, is disputed due to a divergence of published radioisotopic dates and ambiguities in stratigraphic correlation of sections. Our magnetostratigraphy of core DH1 from Svalbard, Norway, calibrates a bentonite bed, dated by U-Pb methods to 123.1 ± 0.3 Ma, to the uppermost part of magnetozone M1r, which is ∼1.9 m.y. before the beginning of Chron M0r. This is the first direct calibration of any high-precision radioisotopic date to a polarity chron of the M sequence. The interpolated age of 121.2 ± 0.4 Ma for the beginning of Chron M0r is younger by ∼5 m.y. than its estimated age used in the Geologic Time Scale 2012, which had been extrapolated from radioisotopic dates on oceanic basalts and from Aptian cyclostratigraphy. The adjusted age model implies a commensurate faster average global oceanic spreading rate of ∼12% during the Aptian–Santonian interval. Future radioisotopic dating and high-resolution cyclostratigraphy are needed to investigate where to expand the mid-Jurassic to earliest Cretaceous interval by the required ∼4 m.y.
simATAC: a single-cell ATAC-seq simulation framework
Authors: Navidi Zeinab , Zhang Lin , Wang Bo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSingle-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (scATAC-seq) identifies regulated chromatin accessibility modules at the single-cell resolution. Robust evaluation is critical to the development of scATAC-seq pipelines, which calls for reproducible datasets for benchmarking. We hereby present the simATAC framework, an R package that generates scATAC-seq count matrices that highly resemble real scATAC-seq datasets in library size, sparsity, and chromatin accessibility signals. simATAC deploys statistical models derived from analyzing 90 real scATAC-seq cell groups. simATAC provides a robust and systematic approach to generate in silico scATAC-seq samples with known cell labels for assessing analytical pipelines.
Phytochemical profiling and GC-MS analysis of aqueous methanol fraction of Hibiscus asper leaves
Authors: Olivia Njoku Ugochi , Goodness Umeh Chinenyenwa , Obinna Ogugofor Martins 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Medicinal plants are of great importance to researchers in the field of pharmacology as most pharmaceutical industries depend on medicinal plant for their raw materials. Hibiscus asper belongs to the family Malvaceae and is well known for its medicinal properties. The present study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant effect and possible bioactive components present in the aqueous methanol fraction of Hibiscus asper leaves.

Results
The phytochemical of aqueous methanol fraction of Hibiscus asper leaves (AMFHAL) revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannin, phenols, saponins, alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids, and steroids. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of twenty-three bioactive compounds which include 9,12,15-octadecatrien-1-ol, n-Hexadecanoic acid, octadecatrienol acid, methyl palmitate, and phytol.

Conclusion
The phytochemical and GC-MS profiling of aqueous methanol fraction of Hibiscus asper leaves revealed the presence of bioactive compounds with important medicinal properties. Hence, the presence of these phytochemicals could be responsible for the therapeutic effects of the plant.
Hope-Colored Glasses: Perceptions of Prognosis Among Pediatric Oncology Patients and Their Parents
Authors: Levine Deena R. , Cuviello Andrea , Nelson Catherine , Lu Zhaohua , Mandrell Belinda N. , Baker Justin N. 
Published: March 2021

PURPOSE: Cancer patients' belief about prognosis can heavily influence medical decision making and goals of care. It is known that parents of children with cancer tend to be optimistic regarding their child's prognosis; however, little is known about pediatric patients' prognostic beliefs, how physicians' prognostic communication is perceived, and how these perceptions are compared with actual prognoses. PATIENTS AND METHODS: An original survey was administered to 100 pediatric oncology patients, age 10-18 years, and their parents from 2013 to 2015, at St Jude Children's Research Hospital. Patients were eligible for inclusion if they had an oncologic diagnosis, were between 1 month and 1 year from diagnosis, and were English speaking. Survey responses regarding perceived prognosis were compared with actual prognoses as determined from the medical record review and published literature. Analysis included descriptive statistics and association tests. RESULTS: Nearly half of participants (patients = 48.9%, parents = 50.5%) displayed prognostic optimism as compared with the determined objective estimate of curative potential. The majority of both patients (78%) and parents (85%) reported belief in a very high chance of cure, although fewer reported that their physician communicated a very high chance for cure (patients = 57%, parents = 70%), and only 43% were determined to have a very high probability of cure. Significant differences were noted in prognostic optimism by cancer type ( P < .0001); patients with solid tumor were more often optimistic (n = 25, 83.3% optimistic; n = 5, 16.7% accurate), and patients with lymphoma were most often accurate (n = 2, 8.7% optimistic; n = 21, 91.3% accurate). CONCLUSION: Pediatric oncology patients and parents tend to be optimistic about their chance of cure, as compared to both perceived prognostic communication from physicians and objective estimated prognosis. Understanding the nature of prognostic optimism among patients with cancer and caregivers may empower clinicians to guide realistic decision making while supporting hope.
Hubungan keterlibatan ayah dalam pengasuhan dengan kecerdasan emosional remaja
Authors: Sari Ayu Ratna , Roslita Riau , Anggreny Yecy 
Published: March 2021

Indonesia has a demographic bonus where the number of young people is quite large than the old generation and children. Youth in Pekanbaru City reached 20,095% or 234.916 people. The problem is from the preliminary studies results that many adolescents have low emotional intelligence because they are considered less skilled in socializing and are motivated because of social media and electronic media. This study aims to determine the relationship between father involvement in parenting with adolescent emotional intelligence. This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. The sample in this study were 116 adolescents of Air Cold Village, Bukit Raya Pekanbaru District. Sampling using the Non-Probability technique with the snowball sampling method. Researchers used a questionnaire to collect data. This study uses a bivariate analysis, namely Chi-Square. The results showed that fathers' involvement in parenting was in the high category, namely 92.2% of 107 people. Kidney intelligence is in the percentage of 82.8% of 96 people. Thus, there is a positive or significant relationship between fathers' involvement in parenting and adolescent emotional intelligence with a value of P = 0.008 (p <0.05). With these results, it is hoped that nurses can motivate nurses to promote health-related to adolescent psychology through the Youth Family Development Program and the Youth Care Health Program. This is important as an effort to foster adolescent emotional intelligence. Keywords: Emotional Intelligence, Father’s involvement, Parenting, Adolescents
First-order fiber Bragg grating inscription in indium fluoride fiber using a UV/Vis femtosecond laser and two-beam interferometry
Authors: Chiamenti Ismael , Elsmann Tino , Reupert Aaron , Kara Oguzhan , Becker Martin , Wondraczek Lothar , Chernysheva Maria 
Published: March 2021

Fiber gratings are among key components in fiber-based photonics systems and, particularly, laser cavities. In the latter, they can play multiple roles, such as those of mirrors, polarizers, filters, or dispersion compensators. In this Letter, we present the inscription of highly reflective first-order fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) in soft indium fluoride-based (

I
n
F

3

) fibers using a two-beam phase-mask interferometer and a femtosecond laser. We demonstrate an enhanced response of

I
n
F

3

-based fiber to a visible (400 nm) inscription wavelength compared to ultraviolet irradiation at 266 nm. In this way, FBGs with a reflectivity

>

99.7

%

were inscribed at around 1.9 µm with the bandwidth of 2.68 nm. After thermal annealing at 393K, the Bragg wavelength demonstrates stable thermal shift of 20 pm/K in the temperature range 293–373K. These observations suggest a potential extension of

I
n
F

3

fiber-based laser components to an operational range of up to 5 µm.
Evolution of physicochemical properties of quick lime at converter-smelting temperature
Authors: Zhang Mengxu , Li Jianli , Xue Zhengliang , Zhu Renlin , Mou Qiqiang , Zhu Hangyu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The volume stability caused by the hydration of f-CaO is one of the main obstacles to the comprehensive utilization of steel-making slag. In view of the f-CaO produced by incomplete dissolution of lime, it is necessary to strengthen the dissolution behavior of lime in the converter process. The reactivity of lime determines the dissolution efficiency and is closely related to its microstructure. The experimental results show that the reactivity and porosity of quick lime decrease and the average diameter of pore increases with an increase in temperature. The CaO crystals gradually grow up under the action of grain boundary migration. When the temperature increased from 1,350 to 1,600°C, the lime reactivity decreased from 237.60 to 40.60 mL, the porosity decreased from 30.55 to 15.91%, the average pore diameter increased from 159.10 to 1471.80 nm, and the average CaO particle size increased from 0.33 to 9.61 µm. The results indicate that reactivity is decreased because of the deformation and growth of CaO crystals and the decrease in porosity in reactive lime. This will cause an obstacle to the dissolution of lime and is not conducive to the control of f-CaO in slag.