bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a school-based self-esteem intervention program for adolescents
Authors: Kawser Umme , Mehreinn Tahneena , Jony Rajon Das , Matin Muhtasabbib 
Published: July 2021

The researchers aimed to evaluate a school-based self-esteem intervention program. The program's focus was to implement a culturally appropriate selfesteem intervention tool for school-going adolescents through selfhood, affiliation, competence, mission, and security activities. This study randomly recruited 183 nine-grade students aged 13 - 16 years. A pre-post design and two distinct measures were utilized to measure the intervention's social efficacy validity. The target skills' specific measures (Self-esteem, self-concept, selfconfidence) and effect measures (nature of friend connections, the suitability of intervention for youths) were introduced. Comparisons of scores using ANOVA's and t-tests discovered that the intervention had the most substantial effect on girls' self-confidence (p = 0.001) and changes in the self-concept, disruptive behavior, self-confidence, and social competence. The study's results provided satisfactory evidence of intervention effectiveness, and the post-test result showed little change across the study period.
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 197-205, 2021 (July)
Leaf traits of sal (Shorea robusta Gaertn.) populations selected from different regions of Bangladesh
Authors: Sharmi Pragga Saha , Kashem Md Abul , Rahman Md Habibur , Hossain Mohammad Zabed 
Published: July 2021

This study investigated the variation in leaf traits of Sal (Shorea robusta Gaertn.) by collecting leaf samples from the natural populations of Sal distributed in Madhupur National Park, Cumilla and Dinajpur areas of Bangladesh. Soil samples were collected at 0 - 10 cm depth near the base of the tree trunk of the respective plants selected for the collection of leaf samples. Soils were analyzed for moisture content, pH, electrical conductivity, available N, total P, and organic C contents. Data showed a range of variation in the responses of leaf traits of the three populations. However, none of the morphological and physiological traits showed significant differences except chlorophyll content (p = 0.0047). Conversely, significant difference appeared in most of the leaf anatomical properties such as stomatal pore index (p = 0.0369), open-close behavior (p = < 0.0001) and stomatal density (p = 0.0008) among the three forests. Stomatal density, pore index, and percent open stomata were higher in the Madhupur forest, while closed stomata were significantly higher in the Dinajpur forest. Thus, the present study indicated that although all leaf traits did not show a similar trend of response, leaf stomata were more responsive to different geographical distribution, which could be attributed to the variation in soil moisture conditions.
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 317-324, 2021 (July)
Non-invasive DNA extraction for molecular identification of royal Bengal tiger Panthera tigris tigris
Authors: Alam MS , Rahaman MA , Begum RA , Shahjahan RM 
Published: July 2021

The flagship animal species of Sundarbans, the Royal Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) is under threat of extinction. Its natural population is declining day by day. So, to avoid killing and harming the animal, the use of non-invasive samples such as scat, hair, or scent is preferred for DNA extraction and subsequent genotyping of tiger species. DNA has been extracted from scat samples of the Bengal tiger in the present study, and a fragment of the cytochrome b gene has been sequenced after PCR with species-specific primers. DNA has been extracted manually using a previously described methodology with slight modifications. The size of the PCR product and sequence of cytochrome b gene indicates that tiger DNA is successfully extracted from scat samples using tigerspecific primers. Thus, presence of tiger DNA can be detected by using this method just by the PCR product size in the gel. This is the first report of a partial sequence of mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of P. t. tigris from Bangladesh.
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 325-330, 2021 (July)
Faktor Ibu Yang Mempengaruhi Pertumbuhan Janin Terhambat
Authors: Sudirman Suryanti , Wicaksono Budi , Pariani Siti 
Published: July 2021

Intrauterine growth retardation is one of the cause of perinatal and child mortality. Although the incidence varies from 3-10 persent because of differences in definition and standard curves in use,more important is the perinatal mortality rate with IUGR babies approximately 7-8 times higher than normal babies and more or less turned out to be 26% or more events stillbirth associated with IUGR.
The research method used descriptive research to describes and illustrates the maternal factors that affect of IUGR. Sample used is all of the mother is experienced in the diagnosis of IUGR in Dr.Soetomo Hospital. The instrument used was a data collection sheet, source data from medical records, data analysis using SPSS program by looking at the frequency distribution and the relationship of each factor with the chi-square test.
The results of the 39 respondents who gave birth with IUGR of 21.8% by weight of the baby is less than 1500 and 64.1% a month is not enough. Gained an average weight of babies was 1696 g and the average age of mothers who gave birth with IUGR was 31 years old. From the test results obtained statistical history of the disease and the levels of HB's mother had a powerful effect with p <0.05. This means that there is a relationship in between IUGR with a history of maternal illness and hemoglobin levels.
The conclusion of this study is that maternal factors influence the occurrence of growth retardation is a history of the disease, hemoglobin levels, and hematocrit levels
Kesulitan Siswa dalam Memahami Teks Deskriptif Bahasa Inggris di SMAN 3 Langgam
Authors: Mardiani Selvia , Jismulatif Jismulatif , Erni Erni 
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesulitan siswa SMAN 3 Langgam dalam memahami teks descriptive bahasa Inggris. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini kuantitatif deskriptif. Sebagai populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI SMAN 3 Langgam dengan sampel berjumlah 34 siswa kelas XI yang dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Data didapat dari hasil tes dan angket. Tes terdiri dari 40 pertanyaan dan angket terdiri dari 25 pertanyaan. Berdasarkan persentase jawaban hasil tes teks membaca bahasa Inggris menunjukkan ada delapan komponen pemahaman membaca. Enam diantaranya dikategorikan kesulitan level tinggi yaitu mengidentifikasi vocabulary, generic structure, factual information, reference, language feature, dan social function. Dua diantaranya dikategorikan sebagai kesalahan level sedang yaitu kesulitan dalam mengidentifikasi main idea dan inference. Siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami teks deskriptif bahasa Inggris disebabkan dua faktor yaitu faktor intrinsik dan ekstrinsik. Faktor intrinsik yaitu pengetahuan kosakata yang terbatas, masalah dengan mengingat informasi, kurangnya keakraban dengan materi pelajaran, kurangnya kefasihan dalam membaca, masalah dengan pemrosesan informasi setelah membaca yang tidak memadai. Faktor ekstrinsik yaitu penalaran verbal yang lemah, kesulitan memahami teks karena tingkat teks, penggunaan strategi membaca dalam proses belajar mengajar. Kata Kunci: Analisis, Kesulitan Siswa, Membaca, Teks Deskriptif
Procedural issues of applying to the court for the protection of intellectual property rights
Authors: Shabalin Andrii 
Published: July 2021

Keywords: protection of intellectual property, court, EPC of Ukraine, CPC of Ukraine, European Court of Human Rights
This scientific article explores the proceduralissues of going to court in case there is a violation of intellectual property rights. Inthe process of scientific research, the issues of jurisdiction in court cases on violationof intellectual property rights have been analyzed, the legal features of jurisdiction inlawsuits for violation of intellectual property rights have been determined, requirementsfor the content of a legal claim. Based on analysis of the economic procedurallegislation, it is concluded that a person who applies to the court for infringement ofintellectual property rights may refer to the cases of the European Court of HumanRights in order to substantiate his legal position. It is indicated that in the course ofthe 2016 judicial reforms in Ukraine, the rules of judicial jurisdiction and the competenceof the court in court cases on violation of intellectual property rights werechanged. At the level of procedural law, a special court was created — the High Courtof Intellectual Property, which is empowered to judicially review cases of IP violation.The High Court of Intellectual Property has not started its work for now. The authorpoints out that this situation has a negative impact on Ukrainian judicial practiceand the practice of protecting intellectual property rights.
Based on the results of the study, the author proposed his own theoretical groundsand developed proposals for improving procedural legislation regarding the possibilityof introducing alternative jurisdiction in some categories of cases of violation of intellectualproperty rights. Such legal cases include copyright infringement of an individualwho is the author or the author's representative. The legal rule on alternativejurisdiction in cases of infringement of intellectual property rights is effective if thereis a violation of IP rights in the Ukrainian temporarily occupied territories. The authorpoints out that such a legislative proposal will improve the quality of legal protectionof subjects of intellectual property rights in the temporarily occupied Ukrainianterritories.
Pharmaceutical nationalism as an instrument to ensure the access to medicines
Authors: Kashyntseva Oksana 
Published: July 2021

Keywords: pharmaceutical nationalism, access to drugs, compulsory licensing, governmentuse, exclusion from intellectual property rights
The article concerns the emergence of the phenomena of«pharmaceutical nationalism» in the year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Pharmaceuticalnationalism is manifested in the qualitative and quantitative aspects. In the contextof a qualitative manifestation of pharmaceutical nationalism, we presume the politicalwill on establishing of a new state protectionist policy to local manufacturers ofmedicines, the establishing of preferences, exemptions of the patent monopoly basingon international legal instruments (TRIPS-flex). The quantitative aspect of pharmaceuticalnationalism is the primacy of satisfaction of the needs of the domestic marketof medicines in quantities that could ensure the biological security of individually foreach state, independently of the interests of others. The article also raises the issue ofthe need and means of forming pharmaceutical nationalism in Ukraine.The world community is calling for the demonopolization of research results on theprevention and treatment of COVID-19. WHO invites developers and companies towork together to ensure the disclosure of treatments and methods if they prove effective.International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions also presentedan open letter to WIPO urging WIPO to use all available flexible intellectual propertymechanisms to maximize global access to information (research data) on the treatmentof COVID-19. Canada, Israel and the EU are working to prevent the monopolizationof COVID-19 prevention and treatment.Ukraine should actively work to develop legislation in the field of compulsory licensing,as provided for in Art. 31 TRIPS Agreement. From a political point of view, itis the historical chance of Ukraine to become «he second India» or «the first Ukraine»in Europe in the production of generic medicines and biosimilars.
Genome-Wide Scanning for Signatures of Selection Revealed the Putative Genomic Regions and Candidate Genes Controlling Milk Composition and Coat Color Traits in Sahiwal Cattle
Authors: Illa Satish Kumar , Mukherjee Sabyasachi , Nath Sapna , Mukherjee Anupama 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundIn the evolutionary time scale, selection shapes the genetic variation and alters the architecture of genome in the organisms. Selection leaves detectable signatures at the genomic coordinates that provide clues about the protein-coding regions. Sahiwal is a valuable indicine cattle adapted to tropical environments with desirable milk attributes. Insights into the genomic regions under putative selection may reveal the molecular mechanisms affecting the quantitative and other important traits. To understand this, the present investigation was undertaken to explore signatures of selection in the genome of Sahiwal cattle using a medium-density genotyping INDUS chip.ResultDe-correlated composite of multiple selection signals (DCMS), which combines five different univariate statistics, was computed in the dataset to detect the signatures of selection in the Sahiwal genome. Gene annotations, Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) enrichment, and functional analyses were carried out for the identification of significant genomic regions. A total of 117 genes were identified, which affect a number of important economic traits. The QTL enrichment analysis highlighted 14 significant [False Discovery Rate (FDR)-corrected p-value ≤ 0.05] regions on chromosomes BTA 1, 3, 6, 11, 20, and 21. The top three enriched QTLs were found on BTA 6, 20, and 23, which are associated with exterior, health, milk production, and reproduction traits. The present study on selection signatures revealed some key genes related with coat color (PDGFRA, KIT, and KDR), facial pigmentation (LEF), milk fat percent (MAP3K1, HADH, CYP2U1, and SGMS2), sperm membrane integrity (OSTC), lactation persistency (MRPS30, NNT, CCL28, HMGCS1, NIM1K, ZNF131, and CCDC152), milk yield (GHR and ZNF469), reproduction (NKX2-1 and DENND1A), and bovine tuberculosis susceptibility (RNF144B and PAPSS1). Further analysis of candidate gene prioritization identified four hub genes, viz., KIT, KDR, MAP3K1, and LEF, which play a role in coat color, facial pigmentation, and milk fat percentage in cattle. Gene enrichment analysis revealed significant Gene ontology (GO) terms related to breed-specific coat color and milk fat percent.ConclusionThe key candidate genes and putative genomic regions associated with economic traits were identified in Sahiwal using single nucleotide polymorphism data and the DCMS method. It revealed selection for milk production, coat color, and adaptability to tropical climate. The knowledge about signatures of selection and candidate genes affecting phenotypes have provided a background information that can be further utilized to understand the underlying mechanism involved in these traits in Sahiwal cattle.
Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis With Acute Kidney Injury: Short-Term Recovery Predicts Long-Term Outcome
Authors: Huang Xiaohan , Chen Liangliang , Lan Lan , Ren Pingping , Ni Anqi , Ma Yanhong , Wang Yaomin , Zhu Yilin , Xu Ying , Chen Jianghua , Han Fei 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundKidney involvement is common in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) associated vasculitis (AAV). It tends to be aggressive, and in some patients, the kidney involvement may reach the criteria of acute kidney injury (AKI). Here, we aim to describe the clinical characteristics of these patients and find risk factors for poor outcomes.MethodsPatients diagnosed with AAV in our hospital from February 2003 to February 2017 were included. Those who reached the KDIGO AKI criteria were reclassified according to the KDIGO AKI stage. The clinical features of these patients were analyzed. Also, according to the variation of serum creatinine 3 months after AKI episode, patients were further divided into two groups: patients whose serum creatinine (Scr) level at the third month decreased by 30% or more from the peak Scr level was classified into G1 and others were classified into G2. Long-term renal and survival outcomes of these patients were analyzed with a Cox model. The renal endpoint was reaching end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and the survival endpoint was death. Nomograms were built based on cox models.ResultsOf 141 AAV patients included, during the median follow-up period of 64.0 (IQR 34.8, 85.4) months, 36 (25.5%) patients reached renal endpoints, and 22 (15.6%) patients died. The median renal survival time was 35.9 (IQR 21.3, 72.6) months and the median survival time was 48.4 (IQR 26.8, 82.8) months. Multivariate analysis showed that poor recovery of Scr level at 90 days (P &lt; 0.001, RR = 9.150, 95%CI 4.163–20.113), BVAS score (P = 0.014, RR = 1.110, 95% CI1.021–1.207), and AKI stage 3 (P = 0.012 RR = 3.116, 95%CI 1.278–7.598) were independent risk factors for renal endpoints; poor recovery of Scr level at 90 days (P = 0.010, RR = 3.264, 95%CI 1.326–8.035), BVAS score (P = 0.010, RR = 1.171, 95%CI 1.038–1.320) and age (P = 0.017, RR = 1.046, 95%CI 1.008–1.086) were independent risk factors for all-cause death. The c-index of nomograms is 0.830 for the renal outcome and 0.763 for the survival outcome.ConclusionKDIGO AKI stage 3 is the risk factor for ESRD in AAV patients with AKI. The BVAS score and level of kidney function recovery at 90 days are the independent risk factors for both ESRD and all-cause death and are of predictive value for the outcome.
Comparison of Different Lymph Node Staging Schemes for Predicting Survival Outcomes in Node-Positive Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer Patients
Authors: Yang Xi-Lin , Huang Nan , Wang Ming-Ming , Lai Hua , Wu Da-Jun 
Published: July 2021

Objective: To compare the prognostic predictive performance of six lymph node (LN) staging schemes: American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) N stage, number of retrieved lymph nodes (NRLN), number of positive lymph nodes (NPLN), number of negative lymph nodes (NNLN), lymph node ratio (LNR), and log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS) among node-positive endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC) patients.Methods: A total of 3,533 patients diagnosed with node-positive EEC between 2010 and 2016 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were retrospectively analyzed. We applied X-tile software to identify the optimal cutoff value for different staging schemes. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were used to assess the relationships between different LN schemes and survival outcomes [disease-specific survival (DSS) and overall survival (OS)]. Moreover, Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Harrell concordance index (C-index) were used to evaluate the predictive performance of each scheme in both continuous and categorical patterns.Results: N stage (N1/N2) was not an independent prognostic factor for node-positive EEC patients based on multivariate analysis (DSS: p = 0.235; OS: p = 0.145). Multivariate model incorporating LNR demonstrated the most superior goodness of fit regardless of continuous or categorical pattern. Regarding discrimination power of the models, LNR outperformed other models in categorical pattern (OS: C-index = 0.735; DSS: C-index = 0.737); however, LODDS obtained the highest C-index in continuous pattern (OS: 0.736; DSS: 0.739).Conclusions: N stage (N1/N2) was unable to differentiate the prognosis for node-positive EEC patients in our study. However, LNR and LODDS schemes seemed to have a better predictive performance for these patients than other number-based LN schemes whether in DSS or OS, which revealed that LNR and LODDS should be more helpful in prognosis assessment for node-positive EEC patients than AJCC N stage.
Hemispheric Difference of Regional Brain Function Exists in Patients With Acute Stroke in Different Cerebral Hemispheres: A Resting-State fMRI Study
Authors: Gao Jingchun , Yang Canhong , Li Qixiong , Chen Lanpin , Jiang Yijing , Liu Songyan , Zhang Jing , Liu Gang , Chen Junqi 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveTo explore the different compensatory mechanisms of brain function between the patients with brain dysfunction after acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in the dominant hemisphere and the non-dominant hemisphere based on Resting-state Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Rs-fMRI).MethodsIn this trial, 15 healthy subjects (HS) were used as blank controls. In total, 30 hemiplegic patients with middle cerebral artery acute infarction of different dominant hemispheres were divided into the dominant hemisphere group (DH) and the non-dominant hemisphere group (NDH), scanned by a 3.0 T MRI scanner, to obtain the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) and compare the differences.ResultsCompared with the HS, increased ALFF values in the brain areas, such as the bilateral midbrain, were observed in DH. Meanwhile decreased ReHo values in the brain areas, such as the right postcentral gyrus (BA3), were also observed. Enhanced ALFF values in the brain areas, such as the left BA6, and enhanced ReHo values in the brain areas, such as the left precuneus, were observed in the NDH. The ALFF and ReHo values of the right BA9 and precentral gyrus were both increased. Compared with DH, the NDH group showed lower ALFF values in the left supplementary motor area and lower ReHo values in the right BA10.ConclusionAfter acute infarction in the middle cerebral artery of the dominant hemisphere, a compensation mechanism is triggered in brain areas of the ipsilateral cortex regulating motor-related pathways, while some brain areas related to cognition, sensation, and motor in the contralateral cortex are suppressed, and the connection with the peripheral brain regions is weakened. After acute infarction in the middle cerebral artery of the non-dominant hemisphere, compensatory activation appears in motor control-related brain areas of the dominant hemisphere. After acute middle cerebral artery infarction in the dominant hemisphere, compared with the non-dominant hemisphere, functional specificity in the bilateral supplementary motor area weakens. After acute middle cerebral artery infarction in different hemispheres, there are hemispheric differences in the compensatory mechanism of brain function.