bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced glass seals for implantable medical devices
Authors: Thom Andrew J. , Tischendorf Brad C. , Lohstreter Lance B. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLanthanum Borate (LaBor) glass is used as the insulating glass seal material in feedthroughs used in implantable medical devices. Guided by finite element analysis modeling, alumina was selected as a promising additive for the LaBor glass to tailor its material properties for glass seals that are better matched with lower CTE pin materials. Thermal expansion and elastic properties were measured for LaBor glass containing up to 20 wt% alumina. Trends for thermal expansion and elastic modulus were reasonably predicted by literature descriptions. As predicted by finite element modeling, the modified glass showed good resistance to crack growth and the hermetic behavior of the seal was confirmed by helium leak detection and fluorescent dye observations.
Milestones in the journey: The story of refugees becoming registered nurses in Australia
Authors: Ng Chok Harrison , Lewis Peter , Mannix Judy , Dickson Cathy , Wilkes Lesley 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimsTo explore the experiences of refugees who became registered nurses after arriving to Australia.DesignQualitative description using a naturalistic inquiry framework.MethodsBetween February 2018 and September 2019, the lead author conducted semi‐structured interviews with employed registered nurses (RNs) that are former refugees and English‐speaking. Interviews were 45–90 min' duration and digitally recorded. Participants provided voluntary informed consent and were sent questions beforehand. Data were collected and coded into themes. Rigor was achieved with multiple transcript readings by the research team to confirm common themes.ResultsTwelve participants discussed their story. Three major themes were identified: (1) Milestone of being a refugee; (2) Milestone of resettling in Australia; (3) Milestone of becoming a RN.ConclusionEach participant's story started at a place of disadvantage. They progressed successfully through the three milestones; despite living with traumatic experiences, they learned new skills, developed English literacy, became a RN and juggled the demands of life. This paper highlights the poorly understood pockets of the current Australian RN workforce.Impact statementThe nuanced stories of RNs with refugee backgrounds in this study move beyond trauma and struggle and demonstrate the important journey this particular group of health professionals undertake. Increasing the contextual knowledge of the complex lives of former refugees turned nursing professionals will raise public awareness of the diversity of life experiences of RNs working in Australia.
Effectiveness of self‐care educational programme on clinical outcomes and self‐care behaviour among heart failure peoples—A randomized controlled trial: Study protocol
Authors: D’Souza Prima J. J. , Devasia Tom , Paramasivam Ganesh , Shankar Ravi , Noronha Judith A. , George Linu S. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effectiveness of a self‐care education programme on clinical outcomes, self‐care behaviour and knowledge on heart failure (HF) among peoples with HF.DesignRandomized controlled trial.MethodsThe participants (N = 160) will be randomly assigned (1:1) to the intervention and the control arms using block randomization. The participants assigned to the intervention arm will receive educational intervention on HF self‐care comprising video‐assisted teaching with teach‐back technique, tailored teaching at discharge and a guide on self‐care followed by telephonic calls and text messages after discharge for 6 months along with standard care. The participants in the control arm will receive only a guide on self‐care with standard care. The clinical outcomes such as health‐related quality of life, hospital readmissions, N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide levels, symptom perception, functional status, left ventricular ejection fraction, Seattle HF score, self‐care behaviour and knowledge on HF will be measured at the baseline, after 1 and 6 months of the intervention.DiscussionSeveral studies conducted on self‐care education interventions have shown positive effects, whereas few studies have shown no effect on the people outcomes. Providing the printed self‐care guide alone may not improve behaviour associated with self‐care and clinical outcomes. These peoples need continuous reinforcement on self‐care. If this self‐care educational intervention shows beneficial effects, it will contribute to the clinical practice and improve clinical outcomes.ImpactThis research will contribute to the evidence on the effectiveness of an educational intervention on self‐care among peoples with HF. The results would assist the nurses caring for peoples with HF. They can also implement this intervention for improving the peoples’ self‐care behaviour.Trial registrationThe trial is registered with the Clinical Trial Registry India and the reference ID number CTRI/2019/10/021724.
Utilizing blockchain technology for supply chain transparency: A resource orchestration perspective
Authors: Gligor David Marius , Davis‐Sramek Beth , Tan Albert , Vitale Alex , Russo Ivan , Golgeci Ismail , Wan Xiang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDriven by pressures from multiple stakeholders, supply chain transparency (SCT) has emerged as a phenomenon of increased interest. To address concerns about practices and processes at point of origin locations for raw materials in global supply chains, blockchain technology (BCT) has the potential to enhance SCT. Supply chain research has started to advance the field's understanding of SCT, but many questions remain, including how SCT should be conceptualized, how firms can effectively facilitate it, and the benefits of providing it, especially when BCT is utilized. The gaps suggest the need for fundamental theoretical development about the resources and capabilities underlying the development, application, and derived value of SCT. This research designed a case study around a BCT implementation project between a small artisan coffee producer and a startup BCT service provider. Using the resource orchestration perspective, the findings result in theoretical insights about how the mechanisms in structuring, bundling, and leveraging processes operate to offer SCT to stakeholders, and the value creation derived as a result.
The regulatory effect of acetylation of HMGN2 and H3K27 on pyocyanin‐induced autophagy in macrophages by affecting Ulk1 transcription
Authors: Du Yu , Guo Hongjun , Guo Lijuan , Miao Junming , Ren Hongyu , Liu Keyun , Ren Laibin , He Jinchen , Wang Xiaoying , Chen Junli , Li Jingyu , Wang Yi , Wang Ji , Huang Ning 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPyocyanin (PYO) is a major virulence factor secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and autophagy is a crucial homeostatic mechanism for the interaction between the pathogens and the host. It remains unknown whether PYO leads to autophagy in macrophages by regulating histone acetylation. The high mobility group nucleosomal binding domain 2 (HMGN2) has been reported to regulate the PYO‐induced autophagy and oxidative stress in the epithelial cells; however, the underlying molecular mechanism has not been fully elucidated. In this study, PYO was found to induce autophagy in macrophages, and the mechanism might be correlated with the up‐regulation of HMGN2 acetylation (HMGN2ac) and the down‐regulation of H3K27 acetylation (H3K27ac) by modulation of the activities of acetyltransferases and deacetylases. Moreover, we further demonstrated that the up‐regulated HMGN2ac enhances its recruitment to the Ulk1 promoter, while the down‐regulation of H3K27ac reduces its recruitment to the Ulk1 promoter, thereby promoting or inhibiting the transcription of Ulk1. In conclusion, HMGN2ac and H3K27ac play regulatory roles in the PYO‐induced autophagy in macrophages.
Evolutionary biology and development model of medicines: A necessary ‘pas de deux’ for future successful bacteriophage therapy
Authors: Froissart Rémy , Brives Charlotte 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe increase in frequency of multidrug‐resistant bacteria worldwide is largely the result of the massive use of antibiotics in the second half of the 20th century. These relatively recent changes in human societies revealed the great evolutionary capacities of bacteria towards drug resistance. In this article, we hypothesize that the success of future antibacterial strategies lies in taking into account both these evolutionary processes and the way human activities influence them. Faced with the increasing prevalence of multidrug‐resistant bacteria and the scarcity of new antibacterial chemical molecules, the use of bacteriophages is considered as a complementary and/or alternative therapy. After presenting the evolutionary capacities of bacteriophages and bacteria, we show how the development model currently envisaged (based on the classification of bacteriophages as medicinal products similar to antibacterial chemical molecules) ignores the evolutionary processes inherent in bacteriophage therapy. This categorization imposes to bacteriophage therapy a specific conception of what a treatment and a therapeutic scheme should be as well as its mode of production and prescription. We argue that a new development model is needed that would allow the use of therapeutic bacteriophages fully adapted (after in vitro ‘bacteriophage training’) to the aetiologic bacteria and/or aimed at rendering bacteria either avirulent or antibiotic‐susceptible (‘bacteriophage steering’). To not repeat the mistakes made with antibiotics, we must now think about and learn from the ways in which the materialities of microbes (e.g. evolutionary capacities of both bacteriophages and bacteria) are intertwined with those of societies.
Genetic diversity of the carp oedema virus in France
Authors: Baud Marine , Pallandre Laurane , Almeras Fabrice , Maillet Loeiz , Stone David , Bigarré Laurent 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe koi sleepy disease of carp caused by the carp oedema virus (CEV) was observed on farms and in ponds in France since the 2010s. Samples of CEV collected in France over a period of eight years were characterized at the molecular level by sequencing the partial p4a gene. All the sequences, except one, fell into two well‐defined genogroups. Sequences obtained from CEV detected in common carp generally clustered in genogroup I and sequences from CEV detected in the koi were assigned to genogroup II. A particular sample was different to the others and represented a putative new genogroup possibly arose from a recombination event between a genogroup II sequence and one from an unknown genogroup. Compared with sequences from CEV of other countries, most of the French sequences exhibited high degree of DNA identities with those published previously, indicating identical sources of viruses. The sequence diversity suggests multiple introductions of the viruses in France. Among the French sequences, two genogroup‐specific molecular markers were identified. One was an insertion/deletion identified within a microsatellite and other was a group of single nucleotide polymorphisms. CEV seems to generate genetic diversity via diverse mechanisms: substitutions, indels and recombination events.
Risk assessment of multireservoir joint flood control system under multiple uncertainties
Authors: Wang Quansen , Zhou Jianzhong , Dai Ling , Huang Kangdi , Zha Gang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMultireservoir joint flood control operation is an important nonstructural measure for flood control in some basins. Owing to the existence of uncertainties in flood control operation, various degrees of risk can be shown in flood control operation systems. Examining these uncertainties and the resulting risk of failure in multireservoir operation systems is extremely beneficial and indispensable for basin flood mitigation. In this study, different stochastic simulation methods were employed to generate streamflow series at multiple stations and other uncertainties such as the flood forecast errors, discharge capacity, and reservoir storage. Then, the Monte Carlo framework was established based on the simulation sequence to estimate the risk of a failure of each flood control unit in the flood control system. Furthermore, a comprehensive risk assessment indicator was proposed to consider the failure probability and failure consequences at the same time. The Xiluodu‐Xiangjiaba‐Three Gorges cascade reservoirs were selected as a case study. Results show that the applied probabilistic simulation methods could simulate various uncertainties in a multireservoir flood control system effectively, and the proposed risk analysis method could comprehensively evaluate the risks of reservoir overtopping, flood flows exceeding a standard, and flood diversion from the perspective of overall watershed security.
Scoring model for discriminating gastric cancer risk in patients with negative serum pepsinogen and anti‐Helicobacter pylori antibody results
Authors: Cho Jun‐Hyung , Jin So‐Young , Park Suyeon 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe ABC test measures serum pepsinogen and anti‐Helicobacter pylori IgG antibody levels to predict precancerous conditions in the stomach and gastric cancer. However, a limitation of this test is that the gastric cancer risk is not negligible in patients with a negative result.MethodsBased on their ABC results, 1157 patients were classified into Groups A (n = 392), B (n = 479), C (n = 247), and D (n = 39). In Group A, 24.2% of patients had atrophic gastritis and/or intestinal metaplasia and had thus been incorrectly assigned to Group A. Patients in Group A were then assigned to derivation (n = 236) and validation (n = 156) cohorts by 3:2 random sampling. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the factors discriminating between a correct (true) and incorrect (false) Group A classification.ResultsA 4‐point discriminative model was constructed based on a high‐negative H. pylori IgG antibody titer and the patient's age (50–64 and ≥65 years). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the derivation and validation cohorts were 0.868 and 0.894, respectively. In the validation cohort, the addition of a discriminative model score ≥2 to the ABC method showed a similar accuracy for predicting gastric cancer risk compared with the ABC method alone (93.8% vs. 92.4%).ConclusionThe 4‐point discriminative model may help identify patients with a normal serological test who are nonetheless at risk of developing gastric cancer.
Effectiveness of an integrated three‐mode bed exit alarm system in reducing inpatient falls within an acute care setting
Authors: Seow Jason Phil , Chua Tse Lert , Aloweni Fazila , Lim Shu Hui , Ang Shin Yuh 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimTo examine the effectiveness of an integrated three‐mode bed exit alarm system in reducing inpatient falls within an acute care hospital setting in Singapore.MethodA retrospective before‐and‐after study design was adopted.ResultsOur results revealed that the use of bed exit alarms are associated with a reduction in falls incidence.ConclusionBed exit alarm systems are associated with reduced fall incidence. Nonetheless, for an institution to benefit from the technology, there will be a need to take into account the effects of “alarm fatigue”, ability of nurses to respond in time to alarms, and selection of right alarm mode/limits based on the patient's profile.
Serum neurofilament light chain and glial fibrillary acidic protein in AQP4‐IgG‐seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and multiple sclerosis: A cohort study
Authors: Liu Chunxin , Lu Yaxin , Wang Jingqi , Chang Yanyu , Wang Yuge , Chen Chen , Liu Zifeng , Kermode Allan G. , Zhang Yongbiao , Qiu Wei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe investigated the serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (sGFAP) levels in a cohort of Chinese patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS) in relation to clinical disease course and treatment. sNfL and sGFAP levels were determined by ultrasensitive single molecule array (Simoa) assay in patients with NMOSD (n = 102) and MS (n = 98) and healthy controls (HCs; n = 84). Notably, 13 patients with NMOSD and 27 patients with MS were enrolled in the 1‐year follow‐up cohort. Levels were compared with data such as clinical course, disease duration, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score, and lesions on MRI. Higher levels of sNfL and sGFAP were found in subjects with NMOSD and MS than in HCs (sNfL, median 12.11, 17.5 vs. 8.88 pg/ml, p < .05; sGFAP, median 130.2, 160.4 vs. 80.01 pg/ml, p < .05). Moreover, sNfL levels were higher in the relapse phase of MS than in the relapse phase of NMOSD (30.02 vs. 14.57 pg/ml, p < .05); sGFAP levels were higher in the remission phase of MS than in the remission phase of NMOSD (159.8 vs. 124.5 pg/ml, p < .01). A higher sGFAP/sNfL quotient at relapse differentiated NMOSD from MS. Multivariate analyses indicated that sGFAP levels were associated with the EDSS score in NMOSD (p < .05). At the 1‐year follow‐up, sNfL and sGFAP levels were both decreased in NMOSD patients in remission, while only sNfL levels were decreased in MS patients in remission. sGFAP and sNfL are potential blood biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring NMOSD and MS.
image
Evolution of orbit size in toothed whales (Artiodactyla: Odontoceti)
Authors: Churchill Morgan , Baltz Colin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFor many marine tetrapods, vision is important for finding food and navigating underwater, and eye size has increased to improve the capture of light in dim ocean depths. Odontocete whales, in contrast, rely instead on echolocation for navigation and prey capture. We tested whether the evolution of echolocation has influenced the orbit size, a proxy for eye size, and examined how orbit size evolved over time. We also assessed variation in orbit size amongst whales and tested how body size, diving ability, sound production, foraging habitat, and prey capture strategy influenced the orbit size using phylogenetic independent contrasts and phylogenetic ANOVAs. Using measurements of orbit length and bizygomatic width, we calculated proportional orbit size for 70 extant and 29 extinct whale taxa, with an emphasis on Odontoceti. We then performed ancestral character state reconstruction on a time‐calibrated composite phylogeny. Our analysis revealed that there was no shift in proportional orbit size from archaeocetes through stem odontocetes, indicating that the evolution of echolocation did not influence the orbit size. Proportional orbit size increased in Ziphiidae, Phocoenidae, and Cephalorhynchus. Proportional orbit size decreased in Balaenidae, Physeteridae, Platanistidae, and Lipotidae. Body size, diving ability, foraging environment, and prey capture strategy had a significant influence on orbit size, but only without phylogenetic correction. An increase in orbit size is associated with deep diving behavior in beaked whales, while progenesis and retention of juvenile features into adulthood explain the pattern observed in Phocoenidae and Cephalorhynchus. Decrease in proportional orbit size is associated with adaptation toward murky freshwater environments in odontocetes and skim feeding in balaenids. Our study reveals that the evolution of echolocation had little effect on orbit size, which is variable in whales, and that adaptation for different feeding modes and habitat explains some of this variance.
Nurses´ and nurse managers´ perceptions of sustainable development in perioperative work: A qualitative study
Authors: Leppänen Taava , Kvist Tarja , McDermott‐Levy Ruth , Kankkunen Päivi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesTo describe how nurses and nurse managers consider sustainable development principles in their daily work, how well they recognise these principles and how these principles are considered in decision‐making in perioperative work.BackgroundSustainable development involves interpersonal social and cultural relations and long‐term economic and ecological thinking in societal decision‐making. These dimensions are well‐suited for a foundation of decision‐making in acute health care. No previous research has been performed on perioperative work from the sustainable development perspective.DesignQualitative descriptive design was used. Data were collected from perioperative nurses (n = 20) and nurse managers (n = 6) working in five surgical departments in a Finnish university hospital. Data were analysed by content analysis. The reporting follows qualitative research checklist (COREQ).ResultsThe principles of sustainable development were poorly known among the participants. Nurse managers considered their opportunities to influence decision‐making were reduced by their limited economic knowledge. Resource use, individuality, and ecological viewpoints were emphasised in the decision‐making process in perioperative work.ConclusionsFindings reveal that perioperative nurses and nurse managers are aware of economic and ecological sustainability, but they do not actively consider it as part of their work. Social and cultural sustainability must be developed further in decision‐making in perioperative work.Relevance to clinical practicePerioperative nurses and nurse managers consider that it is important to develop the principles of sustainable development in perioperative work. This research indicates that economic understanding is not guiding decision‐making, and there is a lack of knowledge about the benefits of ecological procedures. Social and cultural sustainability are not connected in perioperative work, although there is collaboration between the surgical team and the patient is essential. This study helps to organise operating room management effectively and diversely.
Successful salvage treatment with paclitaxel, ifosfamide, and cisplatin in a patient with methotrexate‐resistant gestational trophoblastic neoplasia who developed hypersensitivity reaction to etoposide
Authors: Yamaguchi Noriko , Hamada Yoshinobu , Inagaki Risa , Nemoto Kohei , Yoshitomi Hideyuki , Takakura Satoshi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe report a 34‐year‐old woman with recurrent gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) who showed hypersensitivity to etoposide. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a 32‐mm solid mass in the right lung and a 101‐mm cystic mass with solid components in the left side of the liver. The patient's serum human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) level was 689 439 mIU/mL. After eight cycles of combined paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 on day 1, ifosfamide 1 g/m2 on days 2–5, and cisplatin 20 mg/m2 on days 2–5 (TIP) every 3 weeks, the serum HCG level decreased to 2.4 mIU/mL. CT scan revealed disappearance of the lung tumor and significant reduction in the solid components of the liver tumor. Then, left hemihepatectomy was performed. After 3 months, there was no evidence of the disease, and the serum HCG level normalized. Thus, TIP chemotherapy, followed by residual mass resection, might be effective for methotrexate‐resistant GTN.