bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Repeated exposure to dengue virus elicits robust cross neutralizing antibodies against Zika virus in residents of Northeastern Thailand
Authors: Hattakam Sararat , Elong Ngono Annie , McCauley Melanie , Shresta Sujan , Yamabhai Montarop 
Published: May 2021

AbstractZika virus (ZIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) are antigenically related mosquito-borne flaviviruses. ZIKV is becoming increasingly prevalent in DENV-endemic regions, raising the possibility that pre-existing immunity to one virus could modulate the response to a heterologous virus, although whether this would be beneficial or detrimental is unclear. Here, we analyzed sera from residents of a DENV-endemic region of Thailand to determine the prevalence of DENV-elicited antibodies capable of cross-neutralizing ZIKV. Sixty-one participants who were asymptomatic and unselected for viral serostatus were enrolled. Among them, 52 and 51 were seropositive for IgG antibody against DENV or ZIKV E proteins (ELISA assay), respectively. Notably, 44.23% (23/52) of DENV seropositive participants had serological evidence of multiple exposures to DENV, and these subjects had strikingly higher titers and broader reactivities of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against ZIKV and DENV heterotypes compared with participants with serological evidence of a single DENV infection (25/52, 48.1%). In total, 17 of the 61 participants (27.9%) had NAbs against ZIKV and all four DENV serotypes, and an additional 9 (14.8%) had NAbs against ZIKV and DENV1, 2, and 3. NAbs against DENV2 were the most prevalent (44/61, 72.1%) followed by DENV3 (38/61, 62.3%) and DENV1 (36/61, 59.0%). Of note, anti-ZIKV NAbs were more prevalent than anti-DENV4 NAbs (27/61, 44.3% and 21/61, 34.4%, respectively). Primary ZIKV infection was detected in two participants, confirming that ZIKV co-circulates in this region. Thus, residents of DENV-endemic regions with repeated exposure to DENV have higher titers of NAbs against ZIKV than individuals with only a single DENV exposure.
Association of meteorological factors with the frequency of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in Japan
Authors: Iida Masanobu , Horiguchi Hiroshi , Katagiri Satoshi , Shirakashi Yuka , Yamada Yuki , Gunji Hisato , Nakano Tadashi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis 5-year ecological study assessed the association between meteorological factors and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) frequency in 571 eyes of 543 cases of primary RRD at the Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital, Japan. We examined the monthly and seasonal distributions of RRD frequency using one-way analysis of variance. We then evaluated the relationship between monthly RRD frequency and 36 meteorological parameters using Poisson regression analysis. Furthermore, we developed multivariate regression models to predict the frequency of RRD based on specific meteorological parameters. There were no significant differences in the monthly and seasonal distributions (monthly, P = 0.99; seasonal, P = 0.77). The following eight parameters were associated with a lower RRD frequency: average sea level barometric pressure and average daily variation of average temperature, maximum temperature, maximum wind speed, maximum instantaneous wind speed, humidity, average sea level barometric pressure, and minimum sea level barometric pressure (P < 0.05). The best model to predict RRD frequency showed sufficient validity (Akaike’s information criterion with correction for small sample size = 332.0) and predictive power (proportion of variance explained by cross-validation method = 84.82%, 95% CI 72.18–93.72). In conclusion, low atmospheric pressure and high meteorological stability are significantly associated with a higher frequency of RRD. In addition, the Poisson regression analysis showed sufficient validity and predictability for predicting RRD frequency.
Efficacy of GC-376 against SARS-CoV-2 virus infection in the K18 hACE2 transgenic mouse model
Authors: Cáceres C. Joaquín , Cardenas-Garcia Stivalis , Carnaccini Silvia , Seibert Brittany , Rajao Daniela S. , Wang Jun , Perez Daniel R. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the defining global health emergency of this century. GC-376 is a Mpro inhibitor with antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Using the K18-hACE2 mouse model, the in vivo antiviral efficacy of GC-376 against SARS-CoV-2 was evaluated. GC-376 treatment was not toxic in K18-hACE2 mice. Overall outcome of clinical symptoms and survival upon SARS-CoV-2 challenge were not improved in mice treated with GC-376 compared to controls. The treatment with GC-376 slightly improved survival from 0 to 20% in mice challenged with a high virus dose at 105 TCID50/mouse. Most notably, GC-376 treatment led to milder tissue lesions, reduced viral loads, fewer presence of viral antigen, and reduced inflammation in comparison to vehicle-treated controls in mice challenged with a low virus dose at 103 TCID50/mouse. This was particularly the case in the brain where a 5-log reduction in viral titers was observed in GC-376 treated mice compared to vehicle controls. This study supports the notion that GC-376 represents a promising lead candidate for further development to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection and that the K18-hACE2 mouse model is suitable to study antiviral therapies against SARS-CoV-2.
Identification of molecular signatures associated with early relapse after complete resection of lung adenocarcinomas
Authors: Pasternack Helen , Kuempers Christiane , Deng Mario , Watermann Iris , Olchers Till , Kuehnel Mark , Jonigk Danny , Kugler Christian , Stellmacher Florian , Goldmann Torsten , Kirfel Jutta , Ammerpohl Ole , Perner Sven , Reck Martin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe only potentially curative treatment for lung adenocarcinoma patients remains complete resection of early-stage tumors. However, many patients develop recurrence and die of their disease despite curative surgery. Underlying mechanisms leading to establishment of systemic disease after complete resection are mostly unknown. We therefore aimed at identifying molecular signatures of resected lung adenocarcinomas associated with the risk of an early relapse. The study comprised 89 patients with totally resected stage IA–IIIA lung adenocarcinomas. Patients suffering from an early relapse within two years after surgery were compared to patients without a relapse in two years. Patients were clinically and molecular pathologically characterized. Tumor tissues were immunohistochemically analyzed for the expression of Ki67, CD45, CD4, CD8, PD1, PD-L1, PD-L2 and CD34, by Nanostring nCounter PanCancer Immune Profiling Panel as well as a comprehensive methylome profiling using the Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip. We detected differential DNA methylation patterns as well as significantly differentially expressed genes associated with an early relapse after complete resection. Especially, CD1A was identified as a potential biomarker, whose reduced expression is associated with an early relapse. These findings might help to develop biomarkers improving risk assessment and patient selection for adjuvant therapy as well as establish novel targeted therapeutic strategies.
Functionally confirmed compound heterozygous ADAM17 missense loss-of-function variants cause neonatal inflammatory skin and bowel disease 1
Authors: Imoto Issei , Saito Masako , Suga Kenichi , Kohmoto Tomohiro , Otsu Masanobu , Horiuchi Keisuke , Nakayama Hironao , Higashiyama Shigeki , Sugimoto Mayumi , Sasaki Ayumi , Homma Yukako , Shono Miki , Nakagawa Ryuji , Hayabuchi Yasunobu , Tange Shoichiro , Kagami Shoji , Masuda Kiyoshi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17) is the major sheddase that processes more than 80 substrates, including tumour necrosis factor-α (TNFα). The homozygous genetic deficiency of ADAM17 causing a complete loss of ADAM17 expression was reported to be linked to neonatal inflammatory skin and bowel disease 1 (NISBD1). Here we report for the first time, a family with NISBD1 caused by functionally confirmed compound heterozygous missense variants of ADAM17, namely c.1699T>C (p.Cys567Arg) and c.1799G>A (p.Cys600Tyr). Both variants were detected in two siblings with clinical features of NISBD1, such as erythroderma with exudate in whole body, recurrent skin infection and sepsis and prolonged diarrhoea. In a cell-based assay using Adam10/17 double-knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts (Adam10/17−/− mEFs) exogenously expressing each of these mutants, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-stimulated shedding was strongly reduced compared with wild-type ADAM17. Thus, in vitro functional assays demonstrated that both missense variants cause the loss-of-function of ADAM17, resulting in the development of NISBD1. Our study further expands the spectrum of genetic pathology underlying ADAM17 in NISBD1 and establishes functional assay systems for its missense variants.
Nitrogen supply and intercropping control of Fusarium wilt in faba bean depend on organic acids exuded from the roots
Authors: Lv Jiaxing , Xiao Jingxiu , Guo Zengpeng , Dong Kun , Dong Yan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractFusarium wilt in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fabae (FOF), which reduces the yield of crop. We used greenhouse, field and laboratory experiments to evaluate the role of organic acids in the occurrence of Fusarium wilt of faba bean to confirm the mechanism of rational application of nitrogen (N) and intercropping to alleviate Fusarium wilt. We investigated the response of organic acids exuded from the roots of faba bean to different N levels and cropping patterns (monocropping and intercropping with wheat). The results showed that the application of N and intercropping with wheat could control the Fusarium wilt of faba bean, which was closely related to the components and quantity of organic acids exuded from its roots. Among them, tartaric acid and malic acid are the most abundant and important, because they have a significant inhibitory effect on the growth and reproduction of FOF and substantially aid in the control of Fusarium wilt. The application of 90 kg ha−1 of N combined with wheat intercropping significantly controlled the Fusarium wilt and increased the grain yield of faba bean. Our results suggest that 90 kg ha−1 of N combined with intercropping is the most effective way to control Fusarium wilt and should be incorporated into agricultural management practices.
IL-33 is produced by colon fibroblasts and differentially regulated in acute and chronic murine colitis
Authors: Waddell Amanda , Vallance Jefferson E. , Fox Sejal , Rosen Michael J. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIL-33 is upregulated in ulcerative colitis and has a protective role in chemically-induced acute murine colitis. We aimed to determine whether IL-33 influences Il10−/− chronic colitis and its cellular source in health and during colitis. Il10−/−Il33−/− and Il10−/−Il33+/+ littermates developed colitis of similar severity. Colon Il33 was induced in WT and Il10−/− mice exposed to DSS, but not in unchallenged Il10−/− mice with colitis. Il33-citrine reporter mice showed that Il33-citrine colocalized with α-smooth muscle actin+ myofibroblasts and vimentin+ fibroblasts in WT mice. Citrine+CD74+CD90hi inflammatory fibroblasts were increased with DSS treatment. IL-1β induced Il33 expression in colon myofibroblasts, but colon Il33 expression did not differ between DSS-treated WT and Il1r1−/− mice. In conclusion, deficiency of IL-33 does not alter the severity of chronic colitis in Il10−/− mice. Induction of Il33 upon DSS exposure in WT and Il10−/− mice, but not in unchallenged Il10−/− mice, suggests epithelial injury induces colon IL-33. Fibroblasts are the primary colonic source of IL-33 and IL-33-expressing CD90hiCD74+ fibroblasts are increased during DSS-induced colitis. IL-1β induces Il33 in colon myofibroblasts in vitro, but signaling through the IL-1R1 is not necessary for induction of IL-33 in DSS-induced colitis.
Prospective investigation of polyomavirus infection and the risk of adult glioma
Authors: Egan Kathleen M. , Kim Youngchul , Bender Noemi , Hodge James M. , Coghill Anna E. , Smith-Warner Stephanie A. , Rollison Dana E. , Teras Lauren R. , Grimsrud Tom K. , Waterboer Tim 
Published: May 2021

AbstractGlioma is an aggressive primary tumor of the brain with a poorly understood etiology. We studied the association of 4 human polyomaviruses (HPyV)—JC virus (JCV), BK virus (BKV), human polyomavirus 6 (HPyV6), and Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) with glioma risk within the Cancer Prevention Study II in the US (CPS-II) and the Janus Serum Bank in Norway. Cohort participants subsequently diagnosed with glioma from the CPS-II (n = 37) and Janus Serum Bank (n = 323), a median of 6.9 and 15.4 years after blood collection, respectively, were matched to individual controls on age, sex, and date of blood draw. Serum antibodies to the major viral capsid protein (VP1) were used to establish infection history for each polyomavirus. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using conditional logistic regression. In the Janus Serum Bank, MCPyV infection was associated with a higher risk of glioma overall (OR: 1.56; 95% CI 1.10, 2.19). A modest, nonsignificant positive association with MCPyV infection was also observed in CPS-II (OR: 1.29; 95% CI 0.54, 3.08). In both cohorts, glioma risk was not significantly related to infection with JCV, BKV or HPyV6. The present study suggests that MCPyV infection may increase glioma risk.
Efficient management strategy of COVID-19 patients based on cluster analysis and clinical decision tree classification
Authors: Li Zhi , Wang Ling , Huang Lv-shuai , Zhang Meng , Cai Xianhua , Xu Feng , Wu Fei , Li Honghua , Huang Wencai , Zhou Qunfang , Yao Jing , Liang Yong , Liu Guoliang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractEarly classification and risk assessment for COVID-19 patients are critical for improving their terminal prognosis, and preventing the patients deteriorate into severe or critical situation. We performed a retrospective study on 222 COVID-19 patients in Wuhan treated between January 23rd and February 28th, 2020. A decision tree algorithm has been established including multiple factor logistic for cluster analyses that were performed to assess the predictive value of presumptive clinical diagnosis and features including characteristic signs and symptoms of COVID-19 patients. Therapeutic efficacy was evaluated by adopting Kaplan–Meier survival curve analysis and cox risk regression. The 222 patients were then clustered into two groups: cluster I (common type) and cluster II (high-risk type). High-risk cases can be judged from their clinical characteristics, including: age > 50 years, chest CT images with multiple ground glass or wetting shadows, etc. Based on the classification analysis and risk factor analysis, a decision tree algorithm and management flow chart were established, which can help well recognize individuals who needs hospitalization and improve the clinical prognosis of the COVID-19 patients. Our risk factor analysis and management process suggestions are useful for improving the overall clinical prognosis and optimize the utilization of public health resources during treatment of COVID-19 patients.
Visual Attention to Cued Targets in Simulated Aided Augmentative and Alternative Communication Displays for Individuals With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Wilkinson Krista M. , O'Neill Zimmerman Tara , Light Janice 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
Many aided augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems require the use of an external display that is represented via a visual modality. It is critical to evaluate and understand visual–perceptual processing in individuals with disabilities who could benefit from AAC. One way to evaluate how individuals process visual materials is through research-based automated eye-tracking technologies that obtain a fine-grained stream of data concerning gaze paths of visual attention.

Method

The current study examined how individuals with autism spectrum disorder (
n
= 13), Down syndrome (
n
= 13), intellectual and developmental disabilities (
n
= 9), or typical development (
n
= 20) responded to a spoken prompt to find a thumbnail-sized navigation key within a complex AAC display, including a main visual scene display (VSD) and a navigation bar of four thumbnail-sized VSDs. Stimuli were presented on a monitor containing automated eye-tracking research technology that recorded patterns of visual attention.

Results
Participants across groups spent more time fixating on a target thumbnail VSD navigation image after the presentation of the spoken cue to look at the target, compared to before the presentation of the spoken cue; they also spent more time looking at the target thumbnail VSD than the other thumbnail-sized VSDs in the navigation bar after the cue.

Discussion
Participants were able to locate the target thumbnail VSDs, even within the context of a visually complex AAC display. Implications for the design of AAC displays and for assessment of comprehension are discussed.
On/off switching of adhesion in gecko‐inspired adhesives
Authors: Yamaguchi Tetsuo , Akamine Akira , Sawae Yoshinori 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this study, the adhesion‐detachment behaviour of a gecko‐inspired adhesive pad was investigated to understand the on/off switching mechanisms of adhesion in gecko feet. A macroscopic spatula model was fabricated using silicone rubber, and adhesion tests combining lateral sliding and vertical debonding were conducted. It was observed that the contact state and the adhesion force of the pad vary considerably with the direction of lateral sliding prior to debonding, and that the pad achieves adhesion during debonding even when it loses contact due to excess lateral sliding. These results explain the mechanisms behind the on/off switching and stable adhesion of gecko feet, and suggest the possibility of developing new‐generation adhesives capable of switchable adhesion.
Experimental demonstration of single‐pixel imaging using a multi‐core fibre
Authors: Ikeda Kanami , Kameyama Yohei , Koyama Osanori , Yamada Makoto 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis letter reports a proof‐of‐concept experiment conducted on a novel application of the multi‐core fibre (MCF), where image reconstruction is based on a single‐pixel imaging (SPI) technique and the diffraction pattern emitted from an MCF. The technique is intended to reduce the size of the SPI system, the applications of which can now be extended with the help of this study.
Dynamic characteristics after bias stress of GaN HEMTs with field plate on free‐standing GaN substrate
Authors: Ma Qiang , Ando Yuji , Wakejima Akio 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper investigates the electron trapping behaviour after bias stress in GaN high‐electron‐mobility transistors (HEMTs) fabricated on GaN substrate. On‐resistance (RON) and electron‐trap‐induced threshold voltage shift (ΔVth) of GaN HEMTs on GaN substrate are determined by gate quiescent bias (Vgq) and independent of drain quiescent bias (Vdq). This result indicates that the current collapse of GaN HEMTs is mainly attributed to the electron injection in barrier layer under gate region. Moreover, time constants of electron emission are dependent on the Vgq. At least two time constants (τ1 and τ2) are found to exist in the HEMTs after being switched from an off‐state (Vgq ≤ −30 V, Vdq = 0 V) to an open channel condition. The τ1 and τ2 continue to increase with increasing |Vgq|. It is speculated that the presence of multi‐trap energy states in barrier layer results in the quiescent bias‐dependence of time constants.
Non‐linear optical limiting technology based on backward stimulated Brillouin scattering in grade‐index optical fibres
Authors: Xu Yixiang , Huang Jian , Wu Zhengnan , Lu Yuangang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAn effective non‐linear optical limiting technology is proposed here based on backward stimulated Brillouin scattering in grade‐index optical fibres. The excellent non‐linear optical limiting performance is experimentally verified by using 0.5 and 1 m grade‐index quartz fibres at the wavelength of 1064 nm. The linear transmittance for 0.5 and 1 m fibres are both beyond 96% and the lowest non‐linear transmittance are 6.1% and 1.5%, respectively. This is the best non‐linear optical limiting performance that can be achieved at present.
Dynamic deployment of multi‐UAV base stations with deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Wu Guanhan , Jia Weimin , Zhao Jianwei 
Published: May 2021

AbstractUnmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can be utilized as aerial base stations (BSs) to provide auxiliary communication services. In this letter, we propose a deep reinforcement learning (DRL)‐based dynamic deployment method for multi‐UAV communications. The phasic policy gradient (PPG) is designed to improve the sample efficiency and the attention of the multi‐UAV deployment. Simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Toward quantification of flexibility for an electricity‐heat integrated energy system: Secure operation region approach
Authors: Su Jia , Chiang Hsiao Dong , Zeng Yuan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWith the tight interconnection of multiple energy flows in the integrated energy system, the security problem owing to the interaction between the electric network and the heating network has gained wide attention. To facilitate the security assessment of the integrated energy system, this article initially proposes the definition for the secure operation region (SOR) of the heat‐electricity integrated energy system under the exact AC power flow model and non‐linear heating formulation. The SOR of the integrated energy system is defined as a set of operation points for which the operational constraints of the electric network and the coupling heating network are satisfied. Next, complete characterization for the SOR of the integrated energy system is achieved based on the non‐linear dynamical quotient gradient system. After that, the evaluation criteria based on the integrated energy system (IES) SOR is defined to screen flexibility providers. Flexibility improvement by utilizing plug‐in hybrid electrical vehicle, installing energy storage, installing a heat storage tank, installing electric boiler, and utilizing building thermal inertia in the heat network is simulated and measured by application of the completely characterized IES SOR. Finally, numerical studies are given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
UGV‐UAV robust cooperative positioning algorithm with object detection
Authors: Wang Dongjia , Lian Baowang , Tang Chengkai 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTraditional Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) experience their limitations in urban canyons. However, it is significant to improve the accuracy of positioning with the rapid development of smart cities. To solve this problem, a UGV‐UAV robust cooperative positioning algorithm with object detection is proposed, which utilises an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to assist an unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) to achieve accurate positioning. When the UAV is in the sky with a good reception of satellite signals, the UGV uses the YOLOv3 object detection method to detect the UAV in images captured by camera, and acquires visual measurements including angles and ranges of the ground camera relative to the UAV through the proposed monocular vision measuring with object detection (ODMVM) model. Then, in order to solve the problem that visual measurement is disturbed by the real world, a robust Kalman filter is introduced that integrates measurements from available GNSS, inertial measurement unit (IMU), monocular camera, and the position broadcast of cooperative UAV to obtain more robust and accurate position estimation. Experimental and simulation results show that the proposed cooperation positioning algorithm can improve the positioning accuracy by 73.63% compared with the traditional cooperation positioning algorithm in urban canyons.