bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Veterinarians' perceptions of COVID-19 pandemic–related influences on veterinary telehealth and on pet owners' attitudes toward cats and dogs
Authors: Dubin Rachel J. , Angliss Gillian , Eng Curtis , Cisneros Trinidad , Griffon Dominique 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To gather and evaluate veterinarians' perspectives about the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the use of veterinary telehealth and on cat owners' versus dog owners' attitudes toward transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus from their pets.

SAMPLE
93 respondent veterinarians (47 in primary care practice and 46 in specialty practice).

PROCEDURES
An online survey was conducted between June 15 and July 15, 2020, and included 21 questions concerning demographics, use of telehealth before and after the onset of the pandemic (before March 15, 2020, and between March 15 and June 15, 2020, respectively), changes in caseloads, and perception of clients' concerns about potential for transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus from pets. Reported zip codes informed the collection of census data.

RESULTS
The level of poverty was significantly lower in zip code areas for respondents who reported telehealth services were (vs were not) offered before the pandemic. The percentage of respondents who reported their practice offered telehealth services increased from 12% (11/93) before the pandemic to 38% (35/93) between March 15 and June 15, 2020. Although most respondents reported owner-expressed concerns over SARS-CoV-2 virus transmission from their pets, most also reported increased caseloads, seeing newly adopted pets, and few discussions of surrender of pets for reasons related to the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Findings indicated that caseloads increased and telehealth services expanded during the pandemic but that there was no evidence of differences in respondent-reported owner concern for SARS-CoV-2 virus transmission from cats versus dogs.
Effect of Chicken Manure-Based Fertiliser on Bacterial Communities and Diversity of Tomato Endosphere Microbiota
Authors: Haq Hafeez Ul , Li Ye , Jin Lingyue , Zhang Ting , Cheng Linjie , Li Zhe , Tian Baoyu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The frequent use of chemical fertiliser produces harmful effects on the soil ecosystem. Therefore, biocompatible methods are used to improve plant health and production through natural fertiliser or plant beneficial microorganisms. This study aims to investigate the effect of amended chicken manure-based natural fertiliser on bacterial communities and plant beneficial bacteria of tomato endosphere microbiome using the high throughput 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The results showed Proteobacteria (89.4 ± 4.7% to 86.7 ± 3.9%), Actinobacteria (6.03 ± 2.9% to 3.56 ± 2.1%), and Firmicutes (3.34 ± 1.3% to 0.59 ± 0.3%) as the dominant bacterial phyla of tomato endophytic microbiome. Pseudomonas and Bacillus were the most abundant identifiable genera in the chicken manure root (CMR) (amended manure treatments) sample. There was no significant difference in alpha bacterial diversity (Shannon index: p = 0.48) and species richness (Chao 1: p = 0.43) between control original root (OR) and CMR. However, the distribution of the dominant phyla was mainly affected by manure fertilisation. The non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and PCoA of beta diversity analysis suggested a significant separation in bacterial communities of tomato endophytes between CMR and OR. The most differently abundant bacterial taxa belong to Bacteroidetes in the OR group, whereas the beneficial bacterial communities of Actinobacteria and Firmicutes were more abundant in the CMR group. Therefore, the chicken manure application can significantly affect bacterial communities of tomatoes´ root endophytic microbiome and effectively improve the abundance of the beneficial microbes as biofertilisers.
PLURALISME PADA MASA BALI KUNO ABAD IX-XIV BERDASARKAN REKAMAN ARKEOLOGI
Authors: Srijaya I Wayan , Prawirajaya R Kadek Dedy 
Published: November 2021

Pluralism is a diction that is used to express diversity, a reality that exists in this archipelago. It is an idea or view of life that recognizes and accepts the existence of pluralism or diversity in a community group. This plurality is represented by differences in terms of religions/beliefs, ethnicities, races, customs, languages, and cultures. Archaeological remains dating from the Hindu Buddhist era in Bali provide information on this diversity. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explain the diversity that is reflected in the archaeological records. The method used is observation, literature study, and qualitative analysis. Archaeological records dating from the IX to XIV century AD in Bali, both in the artifactual and textual indicate that Balinese people can live in harmony amidst differences. Different beliefs do not cause social tensions in society. Based on the existing archaeological records, Balinese people have shown diversity since the IX century AD. This diversity was maintained and nurtured by the rulers at that time so that tolerance was built between people of different religions/beliefs. Pluralisme merupakan diksi yang digunakan untuk menyatakan keberagaman, sebuah realita yang ada di bumi Nusantara ini. Pluralisme adalah suatu paham atau pandangan hidup yang mengakui dan menerima adanya kemajemukan atau keanekaragaman dalam suatu kelompok masyarakat. Kemajemukan tersebut direpresentasikan oleh adanya perbedaan dari sisi agama/ kepercayaan, suku, ras, adat istiadat, bahasa, dan budaya. Tinggalan arkeologi yang berasal dari masa Hindu Buddha di Bali memberikan informasi keberagaman tersebut. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan kemajemukan yang yang tercermin pada rekaman tinggalan arkeologi tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah observasi, studi pustaka, serta analisis kualitatif. Rekaman arkeologi yang berasal dari abad IX-XIV di Bali, baik yang berupa artefaktual dan tekstual mengindikasikan bahwa masyarakat Bali dapat hidup secara harmonis di tengah-tengah perbedaan. Perbedaan keyakinan yang dianut tidak menimbulkan ketegangan sosial di masyarakat. Berdasarkan rekaman arkeologi yang ada, masyarakat Bali telah menunjukkan kemajemukan sejak abad IX. Keberagaman ini terus dipelihara dan dipupuk oleh para penguasa ketika itu sehingga terbangun toleransi di antara masyarakat yang berlainan agama/kepercayaannya.
Tinjauan Pelaksanaan Pelepasan Informasi Medis Ke Pihak Ke-3 Di RS PMC Tahun 2021
Authors: Aisy Rihha Datul , Trisna Wen Via 
Published: November 2021

Pelepasan informasi medis adalah data rekam medis yang diminta oleh pasien, dokter dan tenaga kesehatan, atau pihak ketiga seperti untuk asuransi, pendidikan dan kepolisian. Di RS PMC, diketahui bahwa pelepasan informasi medis sudah berjalan, permintaan diajukan kebagian marketing, belum adanya formulir persetujuan pelepasan informasi medis, dan belum adanya SOP. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persentase kelengkapan resume medis serta mengetahui pelaksanaan dan SOP pelepasan informasi medis kepihak ke-3 yaitu pada pendidikan, asuransi, dan kepolisian.
Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian dilakukan di RS PMC pada bulan November 2020 – April 2021. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Pengolahan data dengan teknik non-statistik. Analisa data dilakukan dengan pengumpulan, reduksi, penyajian, dan kesimpulan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata persentase kelengkapan resume medis pada identifikasi pasien adalah 95,2%, pada catatan penting 65,9%, dan autentifikasi 99,7%. Dari hasil tersebut dapat diketahui kualitas pengisian resume medis pada identifikasi pasien yaitu baik, pada catatan penting yaitu cukup, dan autentifikasi yaitu baik. Di RS PMC belum terdapat SOP tentang pelepasan informasi medis kepihak ke-3, serta sudah memiliki alur pelaksanaan yang baik.
Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah kualitas pengisian resume medis pada identifikasi pasien yaitu baik, pada catatan penting yaitu cukup, dan autentifikasi yaitu baik. Dalam pelaksanaan pelepasan informasi medis belum mempunyai SOP, alur pelaksanaan sudah berjalan sesuai standar. Sarannya adalah rumah sakit membuat SOP untuk pelepasan informasi medis kepihak ke-3, membuat rekapan permintaan pelepasan, membuat surat balasan penelitian, menambah syarat pada asuransi.
Towards the Collaborative Governance in Maintaining Indigenous History of Pejangki Village in Indragiri Hulu, Indonesia
Authors: Amin Raja Muhammad , Marta Auradian 
Published: November 2021

Pejangki Village is one of the villages that has managed to maintain its long-standing indigenous history. The argument from this study is that success in preserving indigenous history is the result of a multi-actor collaboration process within it. Therefore, this study seeks to explore collaboration among actors in maintaining indigenous history in Pejangki Village, Batang Cenaku District, Indragiri Hulu Regency, Riau Province. This study uses a qualitative approach with a focus on analyzing collaboration between state and non-state actors in the context of maintaining indigenous history in Pejangki Village. The data obtained were sourced from interviews and secondary data which included report results, journals, documents, and minutes of meetings. The results of this study indicate that collaboration among these actors can be successful because of the initial conditions that support collaboration, institutional design, multi-stakeholder participation and engagement, and facilitative leadership. The conclusion is that the policy of maintaining indigenous history in Pejangki Village is the result of the practice of collaborative governance carried out by state and non-state actors.
A Corpus-Based Investigation of Idiomatic Multiword Units
Authors:   , Grant Lynn E 
Published: November 2021

<p>Idioms - a type of multiword unit (MWU) - are defined as being non-compositional and in general cannot be understood by adding together the meanings of the individual words that comprise the MWU. Because of this, they present a particular challenge to students who speak English as a second- or foreign-language (ESL/EFL). As a teacher of second-language (L2) learners, it is just that challenge which has motivated this study. Specifically, there were two main aims of the thesis. In order to know how to teach idioms to ESL/EFL learners, we - as language teachers - need to know how to define and explain them. Therefore, the first aim of the study was to either find an English (L1) definition of an idiom which could clearly distinguish one type from another, and an idiom from a non-idiom, or to develop a new definition. Having not found such a definition, a new definition was put forward, dividing MWUs presently known as idioms into three new groups - core idioms, figuratives, and ONCEs (one noncompositional element). The L1 perspective was adopted for the definition as an L2 perspective would involve considerably more variables. The second aim was to develop a comprehensive list of one of the three new groups - core idioms - and then try to establish frequency, using a corpus search. A number of steps were taken to compile this list, involving an examination of several sources of written and spoken English. The result was that when the criteria established to define a core idiom - being both non-compositional and non-figurative - were strictly applied to the large collection of MWUs presently known as 'idioms', the figure was reduced to only 104 MWUs deemed to be either core idioms or 'borderline figuratives' and 'borderline ONCEs'. Next the British National Corpus (BNC), a corpus of 100 million words, was searched for occurrences of these 104 core idioms and borderlines to establish their frequency. The result of the corpus search showed that none of the core idioms occurs frequently enough to get into the most frequent 5,000 words of English. However, as the motivation to do the study was the desire to find a better way to teach idiomatic MWUs, a brief discussion followed with suggestions for the teaching and learning of these idiomatic MWUs. Finally, some methodological implications and suggestions for future research were put forward, looking at further research which would advance the field of second-language acquisition (SLA) related to the learning of idiomatic MWUs.</p>
NILAI KECERNAAN BAHAN KERING DAN BAHAN ORGANIK IN VITRO LITTER FERMENTASI PADA LAMA PERAM YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Christiyanto Marry , Tampoebolon Baginda Iskandar Moeda , Utama Cahya Setya , Nugroho Oktavian Setyo 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh lama peram terhadap nilai kecernaan bahan kering (KcBK) dan kecernaan bahan organik (KcBO) litter broiler fermentasi sebagai pakan ruminansia. Sampel litter yang digunakan berasal dari 16 kandang yang kemudian difermentasi dan dilakukan uji kecernaan secara in vitro. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakukan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diterapkan meliputi T0: litter fermentasi lama peram 0 minggu, T1: litter fermentasi lama peram 3 minggu, T2: litter fermentasi lama peram 6 minggu, dan T3: litter fermentasi lama peram 9 minggu. Parameter yang diukur dalam penelitian adalah nilai KcBK dan nilai KcBO. Data di analisis ragam dengan taraf signifikasi 5%, dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa lama peram litter ayam broiler fermentasi berpengaruh terhadap nilai kecernaan bahan kering (KcBK), namun tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai kecernaan bahan organik (KcBO). Perlakuan yang direkomendasikan adalah lama pemeraman litter ayam broiler fermentasi selama 6 minggu, karena memberikan nilai KcBK yang paling optimal. Kata kunci : litter, in vitro, lama peram, KcBK, KcBO.
PERBANDINGAN UMUR SIMPAN BAHAN PAKAN TERNAK YANG DITAMBAHKAN PENGAWET ASAM PROPIONAT DENGAN MODEL PERSAMAAN ARRHENIUS
Authors: Adisti Rizqa 
Published: November 2021

Pendugaan umur simpan pada bahan pakan sangat penting untuk diketahui demi membantu industry pakan dalam mengatur penyimpanan, ketersediaan dan menjaga kualitas nutrisi pakan ternak yang dihasilkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan pollard dan wheat bran yang ditambahkan pengawet asam propionat pada tingkat penyimpanan suhu yang berbeda berdasarkan nilai bilangan peroksida menggunakan model Arrhenius. Umur simpan ditentukan dengan cara, pollard dan wheat bran ditambahkan asam propionat kemudian disimpan pada suhu 15, 35 dan 45 °C selama 49 hari di dalam inkubator. Parameter yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah bilangan peroksida. Hasil penelitian ini didasarkan pada perhitungan model Arrhenius. Pada pollard dengan pengawet asam propionat diketahui umur simpan pada suhu 15, 35 dan 45 °C berturut turut 38,9 bulan, 35,6 bulan dan 15,9 bulan sedangkan pollard tanpa pengawet berturut turut 27,3 bulan, 22,2 bulan dan 13,1 bulan. Pada wheat bran dengan pengawet asam propionat diketahui umur simpan pada suhu 15, 35 dan 45 °C berturut turut 32,9 bulan, 21,2 bulan dan 21,2 bulan sedangkan pada wheat bran tanpa pengawet beturut turut 25,1 bulan, 15,1 bulan dan 14,8 bulan.

Kata kunci : Arrhenius, asam propionat, peroksida, pollard, wheat bran
STUDI PRODUKTIVITAS KAMBING PADA PETERNAKAN RAKYAT DI KABUPATEN TOLITOLI
Authors: Lasandrang Fajar Syadik 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Faktor Produktivitas perkembangan ternak kambing di Kabupaten Tolitoli dan menghitung pertambahan bobot badan pada ternak kambing umur 0-3 bulan dan 3-6 bulan di Kabupaten Tolitoli. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari sampai Bulan Juni 2013, mengunakan metode deskriptif. Pengambilan data penelitian dilakukan melalui kegiatan survey, wawancara yang dilengkapi dengan daftar pertanyaan kuisioner, dan penimbangan berat badan ternak kambing, penentuan tempat penelitian digunakan metode (purposive sampling) yaitu : 1). Bagian utara (Tolitoli Utara dan Dako Pemean), 2). Bagian tengah (Lampasio dan Ogodeide) 3). Bagian selatan (Dampal Selatan dan Dampal Utara) dengan jumlah responden keseluruhan 135 responden.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan faktor yang mempengaruhi peroduktivitas kambing adalah tingkat kelahiran 181%/tahun, tingkat kematian anak kambing 16%/ tahun dan tingkat panen anak 145%, dengan Produktivitas ternak kambing dilihat dari pertambahan bobot badan harian ternak kambing jantan tunggal di Tolitoli umur 0-3 bulan 80 g/ekor/hari dan 3-6 bulan 83g/ekor/hari, mengunakan sisitim pemeliharaan ekstensif.

(Kata kunci: Produktivitas, Pertambahan Bobot Badan, Kambing)
Knowledge and practice modifications regarding COVID-19 among dental practitioners of Nepal
Authors: Ranjit Rebicca , Manandhar Pratik , Bista Soni , Ranjit Elijma 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: COVID-19 has adversely gridlocked many sectors including dentistry. A good knowledge regarding the disease eventually determines the preparedness of dentists to provide relatively safe dental services.
Objectives: This research was conducted to evaluate knowledge and relevant practice modifications among dental practitioners of Nepal during COVID-19 pandemic.
Methodology: A cross-sectional online questionnaire survey was conducted among dental practitioners of all the provinces of Nepal. They were enquired for sociodemographic details and their knowledge, and the modifications they adopted while practising dentistry during this pandemic. The scores were summed up, and mean scores for knowledge and practice were calculated respectively which were further expressed as a percentage. Inferential statistics (Independent t-test and ANOVA, p < 0.05) were used to examine differences between study variables.
Results: Out of 422 participants, most of them belonged to 31-40 years age group (178, 42.2%) and majority were females (246, 58.3%). Mean knowledge scores were significantly higher among practitioners of age ≥51 years, males, specialists, those working in both clinic and hospital, and those who have been practising dentistry for ≥10 years. Mean practice scores were significantly better among specialists.
Conclusion: The overall mean scores for knowledge was good (81.3%) while for practice, overall mean score was poor (44.6%). The main reason behind the poor practice modifications despite good knowledge score could be the lack of minimum requirements for infection control in developing countries like Nepal.
Head and Neck Swelling: A Cytopathological Perspective in a Hospital Based Study.
Authors: Shrestha Sujan , Khadka Dinesh , Bhandari Sujita 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology is a simple, relatively less painful, cost-effective minimal invasive procedure commonly employed in the evaluation of head and neck swellings. There are limited studies on cytological findings of head and neck swelling in Nepal.
Objectives: The objective of this study was to study cytological findings of head and neck swellings. This study further intends to classify the nature of the swelling and use standardized international reporting system wherever required.
Methodology: This is a retrospective hospital-based study done in the Department of Pathology at the Helping Hands Community Hospital, Kathmandu between 1 January 2019 and 32 December 2019. Slides of all FNAC from head and neck swelling done during this period was retrieved and evaluated for the study. Chi-Squared (χ2) test was used to investigate the significance of epidemiological and cytological parameters.
Results: Males (56%) had more head and neck swelling than females (44%). The younger age group of less than twenty-five (< 25) years had more frequency of head and swelling followed by the older age group of more than fifty (>50) years. The most common site for Fine needle aspiration was lymph nodes (58%) followed by thyroid swelling (23%). Salivary gland swellings were the least frequent (5%). Of all the swelling, 17% of cases were attributed to malignant causes. Infective/Inflammatory causes (55%) were the most common cause of lymph node swellings. Metastatic carcinoma was more prevalent in the older age group of more than fifty (>50) years with a prevalence of 21% of total cases studies. Most of the thyroid swellings were found to be benign (58%) whereas 16% of thyroid swellings belonged to the malignant category. The total numbers of salivary gland swelling were the least with 55% of cases having benign neoplastic etiology. Diagnosis of developmental anomalies like a thyroglossal cyst, lymphangioma, branchial cyst, though relatively less common (10%) were also made with the help of cytologic studies.
Conclusion: Fine Needle Aspiration is a useful method to differentiate benign and infective cases of head and neck swelling from neoplastic cases.
Outcome of Tobacco Smoking Habit on Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant parameters in Anemic Individuals
Authors: Madhikarmi Nirjala Laxmi , Gautam Madhav 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Globally tobacco smoking is considered as a foremost public health problem. Erythrocytes membrane lipids are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and the oxidative effects of oxygen on its membrane are greater than other tissues and the condition is heightened by tobacco smoke.Free radicals present in the tobacco increases peroxidation products in blood and vascular tissues are chiefly responsible for harmful effects.
Objective: The present study was designed to investigate the impact of stress induced by tobacco smoke on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant parameters in patients with anemia.
Methodology: A hospital-based case-control study was carried out in Kantipur Dental College Teaching Hospital, included 150 tobacco smoking anemic and 150 healthy volunteers. The stress parameter was assessed by the determination of malondialdehyde, lipid hydroperoxide and nitric oxide. The non-enzymatic antioxidants such as vitamins A, C and E and total antioxidant activity and enzymatic antioxidants were catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were also determined.
Result: Hemoglobin level in anemic smokers showed raised level as compared to healthyindividualsbut there was diminished antioxidants status and elevated free radical parameters in anemic smokersdespite their raised hemoglobin status.We found statistically increased malondialdehyde, lipid hydroperoxide and nitric oxide levels and decreased enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant status, thus increasing the oxidative stress.
Conclusion: The present study showed high concentration of hemoglobin, low status of non-enzymatic antioxidants and high levels of oxidants as compared to controls reflecting the destructive and oxidative effects of tobacco smoke.