bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced flexible optoelectronic devices by controlling the wettability of an organic bifacial interlayer
Authors: Kim Soyeon , Prasetio Adi , Han Joo Won , Kim Yongki , Shin Myunghun , Heo Jinhee , Kim Jung Ha , Cho Shinuk , Kim Yong Hyun , Jahandar Muhammad , Lim Dong Chan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSolution-processed flexible organic optoelectronic devices have great potential as low-cost organic photovoltaics for energy harvesting, and in organic light-emitting diodes as a lighting source. However, a major challenge for improving device performance and stability is the different interfacial characteristics of the hydrophobic organic layers and hydrophilic transparent electrodes, particularly for flexible devices. Surface wetting controlled interfacial engineering can provide a useful method to develop highly efficient flexible organic devices. Here, an unsaturated fatty acid-modified ethoxylated polyethyleneimine organic interfacial layer is designed, which is hydrophobic or hydrophilic on different interfaces. This interlayer results in a power conversion efficiency of 10.57% for rigid and 9.04% for flexible photovoltaic devices. Furthermore, the long-term air storage stability for 250 h is substantially improved, retaining 87.75% efficiency without encapsulation, due to the wettability driven improvement of the optical and electronic properties of the cathode interfacial layer. The performance of organic light emitting diodes also benefitted from the interlayer. This study provides a strategy to simultaneously improve efficiency and stability by controlling the wettability of the interfacial layer.
Four new Cu6S6 cluster-based coordination compounds: synthesis, crystal structures and fluorescence properties
Authors: Zhou Rui-Sha , Zhang Xiao-Yu , Fu Jin , Xin Li-Dong , Jiao Wei-Zhou , Song Jiang-Feng 
Published: March 2021

For the first time, the Cu6S6 clusters are connected to 1D inorganic CuCN (or CuSCN) chains through mercaptopyrimidine derivatives and obtain the extended arrays, providing a new strategy to construct the Cu6S6 cluster-based coordination compounds.
Perceptual and Acoustic Effects of Dual-Focus Speech Treatment in Children With Dysarthria
Authors: Levy Erika S. , Chang Younghwa M. , Hwang KyungHae , McAuliffe Megan J. 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
Children with dysarthria secondary to cerebral palsy may experience reduced speech intelligibility and diminished communicative participation. However, minimal research has been conducted examining the outcomes of behavioral speech treatments in this population. This study examined the effect of Speech Intelligibility Treatment (SIT), a dual-focus speech treatment targeting increased articulatory excursion and vocal intensity, on intelligibility of narrative speech, speech acoustics, and communicative participation in children with dysarthria.

Method

American English–speaking children with dysarthria (
n
= 17) received SIT in a 3-week summer camplike setting at Columbia University. SIT follows motor-learning principles to train the child-friendly, dual-focus strategy, “Speak with your big mouth and strong voice.” Children produced a story narrative at baseline, immediate posttreatment (POST), and at 6-week follow-up (FUP). Outcomes were examined via blinded listener ratings of ease of understanding (
n
= 108 adult listeners), acoustic analyses, and questionnaires focused on communicative participation.

Results

SIT resulted in significant increases in ease of understanding at POST, that were maintained at FUP. There were no significant changes to vocal intensity, speech rate, or vowel spectral characteristics, with the exception of an increase in second formant difference between vowels following SIT. Significantly enhanced communicative participation was evident at POST and FUP. Considerable variability in response to SIT was observed between children
.

Conclusions
Dual-focus treatment shows promise for improving intelligibility and communicative participation in children with dysarthria, although responses to treatment vary considerably across children. Possible mechanisms underlying the intelligibility gains, enhanced communicative participation, and variability in treatment effects are discussed.
Visual Aura in Migraine: An Analysis of 165 Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India
Authors: Singla Monika , Sulena  , Kale Richa , Brar Jaisal , Bhardwaj Sanskriti 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background Migraine auras are transient neurological symptoms, usually lasting for approximately 5 to 30 minutes before the onset of migraine pain. Out of various types of auras, visual aura is the commonest and has variable manifestations, forming approximately 90% of auras. These visual auras may be of particular interest to the ophthalmologist as well as to the neurologist. We planned to conduct this study to look for the prevalence of visual aura in our population and make a descriptive analysis of the same.

Materials and Methods It was an observational, questionnaire-based cross-sectional study, enrolling all the consenting patients of migraine. Migraine was classified by International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD)-III β version, Third edition of International Classification of Headache Disorders. Patients in whom aura was present, detailed profile of visual aura was made regarding its type, duration, relation with migraine as per its laterality, etc.

Observations and Results Out of 1,245 migraine patients, 165 (13.25%) patients reported to have visual aura, 127 females and 38 males. Scintillating scotoma was the commonest type of visual aura, then zigzag lines, blurred vision, and tunnel vision. Majority of patients had aura between 5 and 35 minutes, none had more than 60 minutes. A total of 142 patients out of 165 had unilateral aura, out of which 64 (38.78%) patients had aura ipsilateral to the side of headache, and 78 (47.27%) patients had aura contralateral to the side of headache. Twenty-three (13.93%) patients had bilateral aura.

Discussion The frequency of visual aura was found to be 13.25% in our study, which is high compared with previously published Indian data. We did a descriptive analysis of visual aura symptoms.

Conclusion Visual aura is the commonest type of aura, more frequent in females. Scintillating scotoma was found to be the commonest type of visual aura, followed by zigzag lines in study. Our study is unique of its type as its shows a descriptive visual analysis in a larger number of patients.
Prolapsed Rectum and Risk Factors in Prader–Willi Syndrome: A Case-Based Review
Authors: Butler Merlin G. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA 14-year-old male adolescent patient with Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) with maternal disomy 15 was reported with rectal prolapse as only the second patient in the literature. With predisposing risk factors present for rectal damage and prolapse in this syndrome, the incidence must be higher and therefore underreported. These risk factors include skin and rectal picking, self-stimulation, altered pain sensation, decreased muscle mass, strength and physical activity with hypotonia, and gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances. Pertinent literature was reviewed and analyzed that focused on clinical features and behavior seen in PWS as underrecognized risk factors for developing rectal damage and prolapse. An illustrative case is presented as the second patient reported with PWS and a prolapsed rectum. A discussion of predisposing behavioral and clinical risk factors is presented including for self-stimulation, rectal picking, chronic constipation, decreased gut motility, reduced water intake, and a restricted diet. Although a paucity of cases do exist, physical, behavioral, and GI findings common in PWS may contribute to rectal prolapse requiring better awareness and proactive surveillance, management, and treatment protocols for patients affected with this rare obesity-related genetic disorder.
The Scattered Light Time-history Diagnostic suite at the National Ignition Facility
Authors: Rosenberg M. J. , Hernandez J. E. , Butler N. , Filkins T. , Bahr R. E. , Jungquist R. K. , Bedzyk M. , Swadling G. , Ross J. S. , Michel P. , Lemos N. , Eichmiller J. , Sommers R. , Nyholm P. , Boni R. , Marozas J. A. , Craxton R. S. , McKenty P. W. , Sharma A. , Radha P. B. , Froula D. H. , Datte P. , Gorman M. , Moody J. D. , Heinmiller J. M. , Fornes J. , Hillyard P. , Regan S. P. 
Published: March 2021

The Scattered Light Time-history Diagnostic (SLTD) is being implemented at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) to greatly expand the angular coverage of absolute scattered-light measurements for direct- and indirect-drive inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments. The SLTD array will ultimately consist of 15 units mounted at a variety of polar and azimuthal angles on the NIF target chamber, complementing the existing NIF backscatter suite. Each SLTD unit collects and diffuses scattered light onto a set of three optical fibers, which transport the light to filtered photodiodes to measure scattered light in different wavelength bands: stimulated Brillouin scattering (350 nm–352 nm), stimulated Raman scattering (430 nm–760 nm), and ω/2 (695 nm–745 nm). SLTD measures scattered light with a time resolution of ∼1 ns and a signal-to-noise ratio of up to 500. Currently, six units are operational and recording data. Measurements of the angular dependence of scattered light will strongly constrain models of laser energy coupling in ICF experiments and allow for a more robust inference of the total laser energy coupled to implosions.
On the correlation of the magnetic properties with the structural parameters in Fe-doped europium chromite
Authors: Ratkovski D. R. , Ramírez J. M. Marín , França E. L. T. , Franco A. , Machado F. L. A. 
Published: March 2021

In the present work, the dynamics of the spins and the structural parameters of thermal treated samples of Eu1−xFexCrO3 (x = 0, 0.1 and 0.2) were investigated. The ac-magnetic susceptibility (χac) was measured near TN for frequencies (f) in the range 10 - 104 Hz, magnitude of the ac magnetic field of 10 Oe and for 5 ≤ T ≤ 300 K. X-ray diffraction data were used for determining the lattice parameters and the bonding angle θB (Cr– O(2) – Cr) for 100 ≤ T ≤ 300 K. The maximum in χac was found to shift to higher values of T for increasing values of f. The Vogel-Fulcher law was used for analyzing χac yielding values for the characteristic relaxation time τ0, activation energy Ea/kB and glassy temperature TG, respectively, in the ranges 2.10 - 3.96 ps, 46.5 - 47.2 K and 169.9 -176.1 K. The super-exchange parameter J∼cos4180−θB/2/d7, where d is the length of the bound Cr-O(2), was also obtained yielding a good correlation with the corresponding values of TN.
Phase Transitions in Grey Matter
Authors: Marro Joaquin , Torres Joaquin J. 
Published: March 2021

Phase Transitions in Grey Matter: Brain Architecture and Mind Dynamics relates the complex systems that we know as ‘mind’ and ‘brain’ to simple concepts in physics such as ‘phase transition’ and ‘criticality’ and establishes a close mathematical link between them. A serious review of live issues in science – from interaction and correlation to emergence, scale invariance, attractors, noise and chaos—this book demonstrates their relevance to intelligence and consciousness. The result is a significant and useful portrait of what ‘mind’ currently means to science and aggregates widely dispersed and sometimes hard to find topics into one resource.
Key highlights:Provides a coherent basis for the existence of criticality in the brain, and shows how some of its main outstanding properties may be understoodDeeply explores the assumption that phase transition is the most relevant concept to understand the mindOffers a strong foundation for those interested in making a complete and useful portrait of the brain
This book is for advanced graduate and graduate students in physics, applied mathematics, biology and medicine. It is an excellent resource for practitioners and those curious about recent advances in neurosciences.
“Beloved monster”
Authors: Androutsopoulou Athena , Kalyvopoulos Ioannis , Koukidis Emmanuel , Koutsavgousti Georgia , Passa Ioanna , Tarnara Eleni , Tsatsaroni Charikleia 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis psychobiography study looks into one aspect of Frida Kahlo’s life, her relationship with Diego Rivera. It attempts to solve the puzzle of how Frida managed to reconcile her dedication to Diego, whose behavior was hurtful, with her rebellious character and ideology. Adopting a narrative/dialogical theoretical lens and employing the narrative inquiry method of languages of the unsayable that analyses narrative form, we examined her essayPortrait of Diego. We triangulated findings with letters, diary and paintings. We found that Frida used languages of the unsayable as narrative strategies to manage inner conflict and reconcile dedication with character and ideology. She kept voices of anger and resentment from gaining strength, and downplayed their emotional impact in favor of voices of devotion and despair. The findings point to the importance of looking into both theformandcontentof autobiographical narratives. Limitations and clinical implications of the study are discussed.
Exploring the Case: Iceland – Fishing Traditions and Visitor Experience
Authors: Ward-Perkins David 
Published: March 2021

Introduction
This case study highlights the importance of cultural heritage in the development of tourism. Visitors to Iceland quickly understand the important role of tourism in the country’s national identify. In this ‘Exploring the case’, we consider what that implies.
The analysis can be extended to other countries and regions around the world where fishing traditions have, until recently, been essential to the livelihoods of the populations concerned.
Antimicrobial activity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles, amoxicillin, and glass-ionomer cement against Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Enan Enas Tawfik , Ashour Amal A , Basha Sakeenabi , Felemban Nayef H , Gad El-Rab Sanaa M F 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background. The development of dental caries is associated with various microorganisms and secondary caries formation is the main cause of restorations failure. The advice for restorative dental materials that have antimicrobial properties has stimulated the introduction of materials containing different antibacterial agents. Objectives. The present study has been designed to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and incorporate AgNPs and amoxicillin into glass ionomer cement (GIC) to synergize its effect on oral microbes. The effect of the added antimicrobial agents on compressive strength (CS) of GIC was also evaluated. Material and methods. Biosynthesis of AgNPs was done using Cupressus macrocarpa extract and AgNPs were characterized. A total of 120 disc-shaped specimens were prepared and classified into 4 main groups where Group A includes conventional GIC, Groups B and C include GIC with AgNPs or amoxicillin, respectively, while Group D included GIC with both AgNPs and amoxicillin. Each group was tested for the antimicrobial activity against both Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The distribution of biofilm was examined via a scanning electron microscope. The CS of the tested material was measured using a Material Test System. Results. The UV−visible spectrum showed a peak of 429 nm. Transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction pattern and Fourier transform infrared analysis confirmed the formation of AgNPs with spherical to oblong polydispersed particles of diameter in the range of 13.5–25.8 nm. The maximum inhibitory zone was recorded for group D against both tested bacteria with a mean of 29 mm at first 24 h period to 15 mm at three weeks and showed antimicrobial rate 92.2% and 92.56%, against both strains, respectively. Additionally, group D disintegrated the structure of S. aureus biofilm and even kill bacteria in the biofilms. The addition of AgNPs and amoxicillin caused an insignificant effect on CS of GIC. Conclusion. TheAgNPs showed a synergistic effect in combination with amoxicillin and GIC dental restorative material against studied microorganisms. The agents can be safely added with minimal effect on the mechanical properties of the original cement.
Investigation into surface composition of nitrogen-doped niobium for superconducting RF cavities
Authors: Yang Li , Liu Baiqi , Ye Zongbiao , Yang Chi , Wang Zhijun , Chen Bo , Chen Jianjun , Sha Peng , Dong Chao , Zhu Jie , Li Zhiling , Yan Rong , Ding Rui , Zhang Kun , Gou Fujun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Systematic analysis of the surface morphology, crystalline phase, chemical composition and elemental distribution along depth for nitrogen-doped niobium was carried out using different methods of characterization, including Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Atomic-Force Microscopy (AFM), Grazing Incidence X-ray Diffraction (GIXRD), Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS) and layer-by-layer X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. The results showed that, after nitrogen doping, the surface was covered by densely distributed trigonal precipitates with an average crystallite size of 32 ± 8 nm, in line with the calculation result (29.9 nm) of nitrogen-enriched β-Nb2N from GIXRD, demonstrating the phase composition of trigonal precipitates. The depth analysis through RBS and XPS indicated that β-Nb2N was dominant in the topmost 9.7 nm and extended to a depth of 575 nm, with gradually decreased content. In addition, the successive change along depth in the naturally oxidized states of niobium after nitrogen doping, was revealed. It was interesting to find that the oxygen diffusion depth could be moderately enhanced by the nitridation process. These results established the near-surface phase composition of nitrided niobium, which is of great significance in evaluating the effect of nitrogen doping and further understanding the Q improvement of the superconducting radio frequency cavities.
Linear Canonical Transformations in relativistic quantum physics
Authors: Ranaivoson Ravo Tokiniaina , Andriambololona Raoelina , Rakotoson Hanitriarivo , Raboanary Roland 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Linear Canonical Transformations (LCTs) are known in signal processing and optics as the generalization of certain useful integral transforms. In quantum theory, they can be identified as the linear transformations which keep invariant the canonical commutation relations characterizing the coordinates and momenta operators. In this work, the possibility of considering LCTs to be the elements of a symmetry group for relativistic quantum physics is studied using the principle of covariance. It is established that Lorentz transformations and multidimensional Fourier transforms are particular cases of LCTs and some of the main symmetry groups currently considered in relativistic theories can be obtained from the contractions of LCTs groups. It is also shown that a link can be established between a spinorial representation of LCTs and some properties of elementary fermions. This link leads to a classification which suggests the existence of sterile neutrinos and the possibility of describing a generation of fermions with a single field. Some possible applications of the obtained results are discussed. These results may, in particular, help in the establishment of a unified theory of fundamental interactions. Intuitively, LCTs correspond to linear combinations of energy-momentum and spacetime compatible with the principle of covariance.
Application of machine learning and laser optical-acoustic spectroscopy to study the profile of exhaled air volatile markers of acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Borisov Alexey V , Syrkina Anna G , Kuzmin Dmitry A , Ryabov Vyacheslav V , Boyko Andrey A , Zaharova Olga , Zasedatel Vyacheslav S , Kistenev Yury V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Conventional acute myocardial infarction (AMI) diagnosis is quite accurate and has proved its effectiveness. However, despite this, discovering more operative methods of this disease detection is underway. From this point of view, the application of exhaled air analysis for a similar diagnosis is valuable. The aim of the paper is to research effective machine learning algorithms for the predictive model for AMI diagnosis constructing, using exhaled air spectral data. The target group included 30 patients with primary myocardial infarction. The control group included 42 healthy volunteers. The ‘LaserBreeze’ laser gas analyzer (Special Technologies Ltd, Russia), based on the dual-channel resonant photoacoustic detector cell and optical parametric oscillator as the laser source, had been used. The pattern recognition approach was applied in the same manner for the set of extracted concentrations of AMI volatile markers and the set of absorption coefficients in a most informative spectral range 2.900 ± 0.125 µm. The created predictive model based on the set of absorption coefficients provided 0.86 of the mean values of both the sensitivity and specificity when linear support vector machine (SVM) combined with principal component analysis was used. The created predictive model based on using six volatile AMI markers (C5H12, N2O, NO2, C2H4, CO, CO2) provided 0.82 and 0.93 of the mean values of the sensitivity and specificity, respectively, when linear SVM was used.
Retraction: Exploring adversarial attacks against malware classifiers in the backdoor poisoning attack (IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.
1022 012037)
Authors: Reddy Gopaldinne Sanjeev , Lakshmi Sripada Manasa 
Published: March 2021

This article has been retracted by IOP Publishing in light of clear evidence that substantial material in the article, including text and figures, was taken without reference or permission from [1]. As a member of the Committee for Publication Ethics (COPE), IOP Publishing has investigated in accordance with COPE guidelines and it was agreed the article should be retracted.
[1] Severi G, Meyer J, Coull S and Oprea A, 2020, https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.01031v1.
Retraction published: 03 March 2021
Non-destructive evaluation of resistance projection welded joints (RPW) by flash thermography
Authors: Dell’Avvocato G. , Palumbo D. , Pepe R. , Galietti U. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Pulsed thermography is a well-known thermographic method used as nondestructive control for detecting defects and evaluating the quality of components. One of the most challenging application is the development of thermographic non-destructive methods on thin welds for quality control, in order to overcome the limits of commons non-destructive methods such as ultrasound tests (UT). In the present work, pulsed thermography in reflection mode with flash lamps excitation, post-processed by pulsed phase thermography (PPT), has been used on resistance projection welded joints (RPW). A set of RPW specimens has been produced according to a factorial plan and a procedure to identify welding parameters by analysing the phase profile has been developed. The results have been analysed by using the ANOVA and the features extracted have been verified.