bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-Risk Embolic Sources on Cardiac Computed Tomography in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Nio Shan Sui , Rinkel Leon A. , van Schuppen Joost , Spijkerboer Anje M. , Beemsterboer Chiel F.P. , Guglielmi Valeria , Bouma Berto J. , Boekholdt S. Matthijs , Lobé Nick H.J. , Beenen Ludo F.M. , Marquering Henk A. , Majoie Charles B.L.M. , Roos Yvo B.W.E.M. , van Randen Adrienne , Planken R. Nils , Coutinho Jonathan M. 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND:
Cardiac computed tomography (CT) is increasingly used to search for cardioembolic sources of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We assessed the association between high-risk cardioembolic sources on cardiac CT and AIS.

METHODS:
We performed a case-control study using data from a prospective cohort including consecutive adult patients with suspected stroke who underwent cardiac CT acquired during the initial stroke imaging protocol between 2018 and 2020. Cases were patients with a final diagnosis of AIS. Controls were patients with a stroke mimic (SMi). We excluded patients with a transient ischemic attack. Diagnoses were established by an adjudication committee. Cardiac radiologists assessed the presence of structural high-risk sources of cardioembolism according to predefined criteria. We used the Firth penalized likelihood method to perform a logistic regression, adjusted for age, sex, and history of myocardial infarction to determine the association between high-risk embolic sources and AIS. For the primary analysis, we excluded patients with a history of atrial fibrillation. In a secondary analysis, patients with known atrial fibrillation were included.

RESULTS:
Of 774 patients, we excluded 167 patients due to no written informed consent or the diagnosis of transient ischemic attack. Of 607 patients, 107 patients had known atrial fibrillation and were excluded from the primary analysis. Of 500 included patients, 375 had AIS (75%, median age 70, 61% male) and 125 SMi (25%, median age 69, 42% male). A high-risk cardioembolic source was found on CT in 32/375 (8.5%) patients with AIS and 0/125 (0%) patients with SMi (adjusted odds ratio, 23.8 [95% CI, 3.3–3032.5]). Cardiac thrombi were the most commonly observed abnormality, present in 23 (6.1%) patients with AIS and 0 (0%) patients with SMi.

CONCLUSIONS:
A high-risk source of cardioembolism was detected on cardiac CT more frequently in patients with AIS than in patients with SMi. These data substantiate the clinical relevance of cardioembolic sources detected on acute cardiac CT in patients with ischemic stroke.
Randomized Study Comparing First-Line Dual Versus Single-Stent Retriever Technique: TWIN2WIN
Authors: Tomasello Alejandro , Moreu Manuel , Terceño Mikel , Dinia Lavinia , Barrena Caballo Maria Rosario , Requena Manuel , Jablonska Magda , Cendrero Judith , Flores Alan , Ortega Santy , Diana Francesco , Henandez David , de Dios Marta , Rubiera Marta , Garcia-Tornel Alvaro , Rizzo Federica , Olivé Marta , Pérez-García Carlos , Trejo Gallego Carmen , Carmona Tomas , Rodrigo-Gisbert Marc , Molina Carlos , Ribo Marc 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND:
The double-stent retriever (SR) technique has been described as an effective rescue technique when single-SR fails to induce recanalization. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of first-line double-SR in patients with stroke undergoing thrombectomy.

METHODS:
This was a multicenter, randomized, controlled, blinded adjudicated primary outcome study. Patients with a large vessel occlusion stroke within 24 hours after onset and undergoing thrombectomy were included. Upon confirmation of large vessel occlusion on initial angiogram, patients were randomly allocated to receive a first-line strategy: single-SR versus double-SR technique. Investigators could use their technique of choice if further passes were needed. The primary objective was to evaluate the efficacy of double-SR defined as first-pass complete recanalization (expanded Treatment in Cerebral Infarction grade 2c-3) compared with single-SR. First-pass recanalization and final successful recanalization (expanded Treatment in Cerebral Infarction grade 2b50-3) were centrally assessed by a blinded investigator. The safety outcome was the occurrence of a symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage. The data safety monitoring board stopped the recruitment after a preplanned interim analysis because a predefined efficacy boundary was reached.

RESULTS:
From April 2022 to October 2023, 108 patients were included: 50 (46%) in the single-SR group and 58 (54%) in the double-SR group. First-pass recanalization was achieved in 12 of 50 patients (24%) allocated to single-SR and 27 of 58 patients (46%) allocated to double-SR (adjusted odds ratio, 2.72 [95% CI, 1.19–6.46]). Substantial reperfusion within 3 attempts was obtained in 42 patients (84%) allocated to single-SR and in 52 patients (89%) allocated to double-SR (adjusted odds ratio, 1.74 [95% CI, 0.5–5.76]). The mean number of passes was 2±1.3 with single-SR and 1.7±1 with double-SR (mean difference, −0.37 [95% CI, −0.9 to 0.06]). A symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage occurred in 3 patients (6%) allocated to single-SR and in 6 patients (10%) allocated to double-SR (adjusted odds ratio, 1.66 [95% CI, 0.40–8.35]).

CONCLUSIONS:
In patients with stroke undergoing thrombectomy, first-line double-SR is safe and superior to single-SR in achieving first-pass recanalization but not final recanalization. Implications on clinical outcomes should be studied in specifically designed trials.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT05632458.
Significance and Symbolism of Marian Crowns in Post-Tridentine Paintings (1550–1800)
Authors: Staněk Karel 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Marian art in the post-Tridentine period has already been studied from a number of angles but Marian crowns have so far received little attention. They appeared not only in coronation scenes of the Virgin Mary but also in a whole range of other Marian scenes. The crowns given to the Virgin Mary indicate seriousness and authority. She appeared as the majestic Queen of Heaven. The Roman Catholic Church and monarchs used it to legitimize their power. The crowns took on different forms—they used to be depicted mostly as made of precious metals, less often as flower wreaths or circles of stars. Although they were mostly a product of artistic imagination, I argue that the crowns used to be a reflection of actual royal crowns for the purpose of legitimizing royal power. I present several examples from countries whose rulers have declared the Virgin Mary as their patroness and protector.
The Credo in Bach’s B-minor Mass
Authors: Greene David B. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article examines the way the musical structure of the Credo of Bach’s B-minor Mass qualifies the meaning both of the “I” of “I believe” and of the act of believing. As the Credo goes along, the “I” becomes increasingly inclusive, and those included become a community. Correlatively, “believing” comes to mean not only affirming the truth of the narrative of divine actions but also coming into a relationship both with the agent of these actions and with other believers. Consequently, for listeners who include themselves in the “I,” the hearing of the Credo becomes a mode of spiritual practice; it has devotional as well as cognitive significance. The article also examines the meaning of the Credo for listeners who do not include themselves in the “I.”
The Existential Crisis of a Sinful Creator
Authors: Ding Yang , Qian Siying 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Gnosticism has consistently been regarded as heretical by orthodox Christian theology due to its recurrent denunciation in numerous texts of the image of the Creator as absolutely righteous and benevolent. Instead, it portrays Him as an ignorant, arrogant, and jealous inferior deity. This flawed, even sinful, portrayal of the Creator significantly mirrors the archetypes of human imperfections. It exhibits a high degree of consistency with the images of human creators of artificial intelligence in science fiction art, who are often cast in a villainous role. The Gnostic “God and human” relationship bears a striking resemblance to the “human and machine” relationship depicted in science fiction. Specifically, this manifests as the existential contradictions of anthropocentrism and the enigma of the free will of created beings, both of which underpin the intricate relationship between the Creator and the created, as discussed in this research.
Pentecostal Higher Education in the Australian Context
Authors: Grey Jacqueline , Perry David 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article discusses the context and factors unique to the Australian environment for Pentecostal higher education. First, the background and current national system of higher education in Australia is explored, noting the benefits and challenges of national regulation. Secondly, a case study approach based on Alphacrucis University College (the Assemblies of God college in Australia) is presented to highlight three current challenges and opportunities for Pentecostal institutions. These include the pragmatic orientation of Australian Pentecostalism that prioritizes practitioners rather than academics; the widening definition of ministry beyond the church into the community; and the challenge of personal and spiritual formation in online learning. The article will conclude with some reflections on the vital question of what makes Pentecostal higher education Pentecostal.
Population genomics reveals the genetic diversity and evolution of the sexual dimorphism of Temminck’s tragopan (Tragopan temminckii)
Authors: Wang Lu , Huang Pengzhen , Guo Yuhong , Dai Bo , Liang Dong , Feng Peng , Zheng Lidiao , Xu Tingtao , Wen Longying , Lu Xin , Liu Fangqing 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Recent advances in whole-genome sequencing technologies have shown potential for establishing a genomic-level evolutionary process framework for avian species. In this study, a comprehensive whole-genome resequencing approach was employed to generate genome-wide data from 12 individuals of Temminck’s tragopan (Tragopan temminckii), a species under imminent threat and experiencing rapid decline due to habitat fragmentation and loss in China. Population genomic analyses indicated significant genetic diversity and increased linkage disequilibrium in Temminck’s tragopan, despite habitat fragmentation. It was further suggested that the historical population dynamics of Temminck’s tragopan from the western Sichuan Plateau was influenced by glacial climatic events and anthropogenic activities. Furthermore, male-specific developmental pathways, particularly those related to the androgen receptor and associated genes, were found to contribute to the observed sexual dimorphism in Temminck’s tragopan. These findings establish a preliminary basis for comprehending the evolutionary dynamics of Temminck’s tragopan.
Ajātaśatru among the Pudgalavādins
Authors: Tournier Vincent , Sferra Francesco 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article presents a close and contextualised study of a newly available folio belonging to a larger manuscript written in Bhaikṣukī script and preserved in the Tibetan Autonomous Region of China. A total of 78 folios of a larger bundle survive, transmitting at least ten sūtras—consistently called mahāsūtras—in a Middle Indo-Aryan variety that is distinctive of Saṃmitīya canonical transmission. Most of these extant sūtras are paralleled in the “Division on the aggregate of morality” (P. Sīlakkhandha-vagga, Skt. Śīlaskandha-nipāta) of all three other extant Collections of Long Discourses (P. Dīgha-nikāya, Skt. Dīrghāgama). Evidence thus suggests that the bundle in question preserves the beginning of a complete Saṃmitīya *Drīghāgama. The illuminated leaf edited and studied here transmits the final part of the eighth discourse of the collection, likely titled *Śāmaṇṇaphala-mahāsūtra. This final section preserves a new version of the episode recounting King Ajātaśatru’s repentance and conversion at the end of the Buddha’s discourse. The introduction to this article situates this newly available fragment in relation to a growing body of evidence on the Dīrghāgama and the broader canonical transmission of the Saṃmitīyas, before discussing the specificity of the Ajātaśatru episode vis-à-vis other early accounts of the same episode. The core of this article is the second part, which provides a rationale for the edition of this fragment and the reconstruction of its lacunae. It then presents a diplomatic edition of the folio, followed by a restored, curated text. In the latter, the Saṃmitīya sūtra is presented with detailed lexicographic notes, a translation, and with the synoptic text of the three closest parallels from the Pāli Dīgha-nikāya, the Chinese *Dīrghāgama, and the Sanskrit Dīrghāgama. In particular, the Sanskrit parallel as transmitted in the codex unicus of the Dīrghāgama is here critically edited for the first time, also collating anew the relevant portion of the manuscript of the extant Sanskrit Saṅghabhedavastu of the Mūlasarvāstivādins.
Ibn Bājja on Climates
Authors: la Martire Corrado 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Extant information about Ibn Bājja’s interest in climatology is limited to a few vague anecdotes. This article seeks to expand our understanding of his views on the inhabitable and uninhabitable regions of the earth, drawing primarily on his commentaries on Aristotle’s Meteorology (al-Āthār al-ʿulwiyya) and Generation and Corruption (al-Kawn wa-l-fasād). The article presents an attempt to explain why Ibn Bājja believed that some sections of the earth are inhabitable, how climate affects the human character, and how this topic fits into Ibn Bājja’s overall framework of thought.
Demonology and Plague-Discourse as Discursive Intersections in Procopius’s Construction of Justinian in Secret History
Authors: de Wet Chris L. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article examines the demonological discourse in Procopius’s Secret History with a focus on internal and inter-textual evidence from Procopius’s corpus, particularly his treatment of demons in relation to the 542 bubonic plague pandemic, as described in the Wars. While previous scholarship by Rubin, Cameron, and Denson has convincingly demonstrated that the depiction of Justinian as a demonic figure draws on broader cultural and literary contexts, this study investigates Procopius’s demonological rhetoric within the Wars and Secret History, specifically in the context of his plague narrative. This approach complements Cameron’s inter-textual methodology but leads to additional conclusions, diverging from Kaldellis’s view of demonological elements as literary embellishments. Building on an earlier argument that Procopius’s plague discourse in the Wars constructs the plague as a corollary for Justinian’s destructive rule, this article explores how Procopius employs pestilential and demonological themes to intensify the emperor’s portrayal as a malevolent force. Through a detailed analysis of the plague narrative, this analysis demonstrates how Procopius integrates these themes to frame Justinian as an agent of destruction whose impact transcends political and social realms, extending into the cosmic and religious dimensions of Late Antiquity. This study contributes to the broader discourse on Procopian demonology by highlighting the intricate connections between pestilence, demonic imagery, and imperial critique. It underscores how these elements work together to construct Justinian not merely as a flawed ruler but as an existential threat, aligning him with the malevolence associated with both demons and the plague.
Syriac Christians and Popular Religion in Early Ottoman Mesopotamia
Authors: Minov Sergey 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article presents the hitherto unpublished Syriac text of the Turgāmā on Charms and Sorcery, a specimen of pastoral literature produced by Ignatius VII ʿAzīz bar Sāḇtā, known also as Abū al-Maʿānī, who served as the patriarch of Ṭūr ʿAbdīn from 1461 to 1481. A representative of the centuries-long tradition of polemic against magic and use of amulets among Syriac Christians, the work is a rare and valuable witness to the dynamics of popular religion among West Syrians of early Ottoman Mesopotamia. The text is accompanied by an English translation and a brief discussion.
Who Were the Missionaries?
Authors: Lundqvist Pia 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article aims to reconstruct the social origins of 124 Swedish missionaries who worked for the Swedish Mission Covenant in the Congo Free State (CFS) from 1882 to 1908, while analysing the impact of the missionaries’ origins on their work and on their interactions with Congolese peoples. The results show that most of the missionaries came from a rural background and had a low socio-economic status. This social background affected the Swedish missionaries’ relationships with Congolese people and contributed to an encounter that was both ambivalent (mixed on both sides) and ambiguous (marked by contradiction). On the one hand the missionaries’ humble backgrounds, combined with the universalism of their Protestant revivalist culture, cultivated an ethos of egalitarianism. On the other hand, their position as white missionaries in a colonial society and their vocal support for the idea of civilizing mission in Africa fostered attitudes of arrogance towards Congolese society.
Conversion and Spirit Possession in 19th-Century Bombay Presidency
Authors: Dandekar Deepra 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Baba Padmanji Mulay’s (1831–1906) conversion to Christianity in Bombay Presidency is located in an evolving intellectual domain of confrontation between missionaries, reformers, and conservatives. This competitive atmosphere placed early converts in a state of crisis, squeezing them between British missionaries and Marathi, mostly upper-caste Hindus. Given this context, Padmanji’s rise to eminence is reflected in his ideological writings on women’s emancipation, and in his autobiographical encounter with spirit possession. This article reads Padmanji’s ideology and spirit possession anecdote as a demonstration of the Indian Christian predicament that saw a move to refashion community identity as masculine and chivalrous.
Munda “Conversions” in Two Missionaries’ Narratives
Authors: Rousseleau Raphaël 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article focuses on the conversion narratives of two fathers of the Belgian Jesuit mission in Bengal (India), Joseph Müllender and Johan-Baptist Hoffmann, among the Munda Adivasi minority. Their letters (1881–1927) offer contrasting accounts of conversion as motivated by preaching and the theological superiority of Christianity over so-called ‘spirit worship’ on the one hand, and by socio-political and agrarian issues as well as literacy on the other. Published material by Hoffmann (notably the Encyclopedia Mundarica, 1930–1937) completes our perspective on Munda cosmology and politics as on its Jesuit translation. Finally, an article from 1928 gives us the perspective of a young Jesuit-educated Adivasi on the same subject.
Missionary Paths
Authors: Kumar Mukesh 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The article examines the influence of Swabian Pietism, a variant of Pietism in South Germany, on the Basel Mission’s activities in South India. It highlights how Pietism redefined conversion as a personal, transformative experience, shaping missionary discourse and practices. The Basel Mission, founded by Pietistic followers, exemplifies this approach, emphasising “personal will” in conversion. The Mission’s expansion in 19th-century South India brought encounters with diverse socio-religious groups, including Brahmins, Billavas, and Lingayats, each with distinct responses to Protestantism. These encounters challenge simplistic narratives of religious conversion and transformations, revealing complex negotiations and adaptations by both missionaries and locals. The article argues for an intersectional perspective that considers caste, class, and sectarian divides in understanding missionary encounters. It suggests that notions of ‘native agency’ were nuanced and shaped by social, religious, and economic contexts, leading to a unique ‘Indian’ Pietistic Protestantism that defied missionary expectations of converts.
Recht und Moral. Kant und Fichte im Neukantianismus: Paul Natorp und Boris Wischeslavzeff
Authors: Stolzenberg Jürgen 
Published: December 2024

Zusammenfassung
Thema des Beitrags ist Kants Unterscheidung von Recht und Moral und ihre kritische Interpretation bei Fichte, Paul Natorp und dem russischen Neukantianer Boris Wischeslavzeff. Auf ihn bezieht sich Natorp in einem Aufsatz von 1913 vor dem Hintergrund seiner eigenen Kant- und Fichte-Deutung. In Kants These der Unabhängigkeit von Moral und Recht sieht Wischeslavzeff die Gefahr eines ethischen Anarchismus, der zur Negation des Staats und seiner Rechtsinstitutionen führt. Demgegenüber sucht Wischeslavzeff das Recht als Bedingung der Möglichkeit von Moral zu begründen. Das geschieht in einer kritischen Interpretation von Fichtes später Staatslehre von 1813. Hier vertritt Fichte die These, dass bei Kant das Recht die innere Freiheit des Individuums negiert. Dem sucht Fichte mit seiner Idee einer „Erziehung zur Einsicht in das Recht“ zu begegnen, die aus innerer Freiheit realisiert werden soll. Ziel einer solchen Sozialpädagogik ist die Entbehrlichkeit des Rechts und seiner Zwangsgewalt und die Etablierung einer universalen Moralität. Für Wischeslavzeff hingegen ist Recht die notwendige Bedingung der Ermöglichung von Moral. Natorps Diskussion dieser Konzeption geht von der Anerkennung der Kant-Kritik Fichtes und der Idee eines prozessualen Übergangs von Recht in Moral aus und wendet sich u.a. gegen Wischeslavzeffs Auffassung, dass das Recht nur eine negativ-einschränkende Verbindlichkeit ausübt, deren positive Seite die durch das Recht ermöglichte überjuridische Sphäre der Moralität sei. Der Beitrag zeigt, dass weder Fichte, noch Wischeslavzeff und auch nicht Natorp beanspruchen können, eine mit Kant vereinbare Interpretation des Verhältnisses von Recht und Moral bzw. eine daraus abzuleitende Kant-Kritik vorgelegt zu haben, die überzeugt.
Beyond Fundamentalism
Authors: Smith Jeremy D. , Smith Leah D. , Long JoAnn D. , Long Jesse C. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
A rise in mental health issues among youth, including increased stress, has been observed worldwide. The developmental stage of adolescence, characterised by physical, psychological, and social development, is one which can inherently be “stressful.” Religion and spirituality can buffer stress. However, evidence suggests fundamentalist faith traditions may inadvertently contribute to unhealthy religious coping mechanisms, including increased stress. In this study, we conducted focus groups with youth and college mentors from fundamentalist backgrounds from 2016 to 2021 as a part of Vocati, a theology program for high school students. Participants were asked what they believed to be the “most important/significant issues associated with being Christian in a global world.” Researchers recorded narrative comments using a descriptive-interpretive qualitative approach and analysed the data using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Qualitative themes emerging from the narrative data were “persecution,” “hypocrisy,” “conforming to culture,” “divisiveness,” and “judgemental” Christians. This paper explores the perceptions reported and offers practical suggestions for reconstructing faith formation in youth coming from fundamentalist backgrounds.