bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Invasive Herpes Simplex Virus Infection in Young Infants
Authors: Cruz Andrea T. , Nigrovic Lise E. , Xie Jianling , Mahajan Prashant , Thomson Joanna E. , Okada Pamela J. , Uspal Neil G. , Mistry Rakesh D. , Garro Aris , Schnadower David , Kulik Dina M. , Curtis Sarah J. , Miller Aaron S. , Fleming Alesia H. , Lyons Todd W. , Balamuth Fran , Arms Joseph L. , Louie Jeffrey , Aronson Paul L. , Thompson Amy D. , Ishimine Paul T. , Schmidt Suzanne M. , Pruitt Christopher M. , Shah Samir S. , Grether-Jones Kendra L. , Bradin Stuart A. , Freedman Stephen B. 
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVES
To identify independent predictors of and derive a risk score for invasive herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection.

METHODS
In this 23-center nested case-control study, we matched 149 infants with HSV to 1340 controls; all were ≤60 days old and had cerebrospinal fluid obtained within 24 hours of presentation or had HSV detected. The primary and secondary outcomes were invasive (disseminated or central nervous system) or any HSV infection, respectively.

RESULTS
Of all infants included, 90 (60.4%) had invasive and 59 (39.6%) had skin, eyes, and mouth disease. Predictors independently associated with invasive HSV included younger age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 9.1 [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.4–24.5] &lt;14 and 6.4 [95% CI: 2.3 to 17.8] 14–28 days, respectively, compared with &gt;28 days), prematurity (aOR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.1 to 5.1), seizure at home (aOR: 6.1, 95% CI: 2.3 to 16.4), ill appearance (aOR: 4.2, 95% CI: 2.0 to 8.4), abnormal triage temperature (aOR: 2.9, 95% CI: 1.6 to 5.3), vesicular rash (aOR: 54.8, (95% CI: 16.6 to 180.9), thrombocytopenia (aOR: 4.4, 95% CI: 1.6 to 12.4), and cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis (aOR: 3.5, 95% CI: 1.2 to 10.0). These variables were transformed to derive the HSV risk score (point range 0–17). Infants with invasive HSV had a higher median score (6, interquartile range: 4–8) than those without invasive HSV (3, interquartile range: 1.5–4), with an area under the curve for invasive HSV disease of 0.85 (95% CI: 0.80–0.91). When using a cut-point of ≥3, the HSV risk score had a sensitivity of 95.6% (95% CI: 84.9% to 99.5%), specificity of 40.1% (95% CI: 36.8% to 43.6%), and positive likelihood ratio 1.60 (95% CI: 1.5 to 1.7) and negative likelihood ratio 0.11 (95% CI: 0.03 to 0.43).

CONCLUSIONS
A novel HSV risk score identified infants at extremely low risk for invasive HSV who may not require routine testing or empirical treatment.
Hernia pulmonar espontánea. Reporte de caso
Authors: Coronel Ruilova Jhon Mauricio , Gagliardo Cadena Enrique Antonio , Vásquez Tandazo Guisseli Cristina , Chusán Cordovilla Mayling Bethsabé , Chung Villavicencio José Ramón 
Published: August 2021

Introducción. La hernia pulmonar espontánea (HPE) es una protrusión del pulmón en una abertura anormal a través de la pleura parietal que se presenta a nivel de la pared torácica, el diafragma o el mediastino. Esta es una entidad infrecuente de la que solo se han reportado algo más de 300 casos a nivel internacional. A continuación, se presenta el primer caso de HPE reportado en Ecuador.
Presentación del caso. Paciente masculino de 59 años sin antecedentes de trauma, ni patologías respiratorias crónicas, quien asistió al servicio de urgencias por cuadro clínico de 3 días de evolución consistente en hemoptisis, dolor en hemitórax derecho de moderada intensidad, edema, hematoma a nivel submamario y defecto herniario de la pared torácica que se evidenciaba durante los movimientos respiratorios y la maniobra de Valsalva. La tomografía simple de tórax mostró líquido libre en cavidad pleural derecha, infiltrado alveolar en parche, protrusión del segmento medial del lóbulo medio y fracturas desplazadas en la 2°, 3°, 4° y 5° costilla del hemitórax derecho. Se diagnosticó neumonía, derrame pleural y HPE con fracturas costales derechas. Por sintomatología del paciente, se decidió manejo quirúrgico con toracotomía derecha con incisión paraesternal. Luego de 3 meses de postoperatorio, los controles de imagen mostraron correcta disposición de material de osteosíntesis. El paciente no presentó molestias y continuó en seguimiento y con manejo médico multidisciplinario.
Conclusiones. La HPE es una patología infrecuente de diagnóstico principalmente clínico que se caracteriza por dolor torácico, presencia del defecto herniario y en algunas ocasiones antecedente de tos. El diagnóstico actualmente es muy preciso; sin embargo, su tratamiento aún se encuentra en discusión, pero sin dudas la intervención quirúrgica es la opción que aporta mejores resultados debido a la rápida mejoría de los síntomas y a que previene recidivas. La tomografía simple de tórax evidencia protrusión del segmento cinco (S5) por presencia de fracturas costocondrales cabalgadas, desde la 2da hasta la 5ta costilla derechas, confirmado el diagnostico de hernia pulmonar espontánea. Debido a la sintomatología del paciente se decide resolución quirúrgica con incisión medial para esternotomía, para estabilización de fracturas con material de osteosíntesis en 2da, 3ra y 4ta costilla, sin complicaciones quirúrgicas intraoperatorias. Al transcurrir 3 meses del postoperatorio, controles de imagen muestran correcta posición de arcos costales y material de osteosíntesis, asintomático, sin defecto de pared torácica.
Zdolny, ale gej. Wpływ informacji o kompetencji i orientacji seksualnej na preferencje przełożonego
Authors: Błaszczyk Szymon , Andrzejewska Karolina , Demichowicz Patrycja , Zuchowicz Pamela 
Published: August 2021

Cel. Celem badania było sprawdzenie czy informacja o orientacji seksualnej ma wpływ na preferencje przełożonego płci męskiej. Brano również pod uwagę zmienną kompetencji przełożonego oraz płeć osoby badanej.
Metody. W badaniu wzięło udział N=160 osób w przedziale wiekowym 18-35 lat, w tym 80 kobiet oraz 80 mężczyzn. Badanie wykonano w schemacie eksperymentalnym. W celu określenia preferencji przełożonego zastosowano autorski kwestionariusz.
Wyniki. Wyniki badania ujawniły istotny związek między płcią osoby badanej a preferencją przełożonego. Okazało się, że mężczyźni wykazywali preferencję przełożonego orientacji heteroseksualnej, natomiast u kobiet płeć przełożonego nie miała znaczenia.
Wnioski. Mężczyźni homoseksualni doświadczają dyskryminacji ze względu na swoją orientację seksualną przez innych mężczyzn, nie zwracając uwagi na posiadane przez nich kompetencje. Z kolei kobiety równo traktują mężczyzn bez względu na ich orientację seksualną.
Outer Space Law: A Human Future
Authors: Serpa Nilo , Cathcart Richard Brook 
Published: August 2021

<p>Present paper discusses critical aspects of the colonization of outer space in view of the broad and robust law required in accordance with democratic ideals. The article also addresses ethical issues touching planetary environmental preservation — especially in the event of alien life — as well as relevant topics relating to future terraforming projects.</p><p><strong>Key-words:</strong><strong> </strong>outer space law, ethics, terraforming, alien life.</p><p>================================================================ </p><p>O presente trabalho discute aspectos críticos referentes à colonização do espaço exterior em vista da ampla e robusta legislação requerida em conformidade com os ideais democráticos. O artigo também aborda questões éticas tocantes à preservação ambiental planetária — especialmente na eventualidade de existência de vida alienígena — bem como tópicos relevantes relativos a futuros projetos de terraformação.</p><p><strong>Palavras-chave:</strong> lei do espaço exterior, ética, terraformação, vida alienígena.</p>
The ML scale in northern Baja California, México
Authors: Vidal Antonio , Munguía Luis 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We found that the attenuation functions proposed for southern California by Richter (1958) and Hutton and Boore (1987) are not entirely suitable for local magnitude calculation for earthquakes in northern Baja California. In this study, we used zero-to-peak amplitudes from synthetic Wood-Anderson seismograms to determine appropriate − log A0 attenuation functions and station magnitude corrections through a multiple linear regression analysis. Our data were grouped so that each energy path was entirely contained in either the granitic Peninsular Ranges of Baja California (PRBC) or the sedimentary environment of the Mexicali-Imperial Valley (MIV). The best solutions of the regression analysis are -log A0 = (1.0134 ± 0.0288) log (r/100) + (0.0025 ± 0.0005) (r − 100) + 3.0 for MIV and −log A0 = (1.1319 ± 0.0197) log (r/100) + (0.0017 ± 0.0002) (r − 100) + 3.0 for PRBC, where r is hypocentral distance. A comparison of these functions with those for southern California revealed the following: (a) a remarkable agreement between Richter's function and the function for MIV at distances between 40 and 450 km, (b) Hutton and Boore's function and the function for PRBC are quite similar in the whole distance range considered (10 to 450 km), and (c) for both areas, at distances shorter than 50 km, the −log A0 Richter function was as much as 0.5 units lower than the others. Thus, as for other regions, the use of Richter's function results in understimation of local magnitudes at near-source distances. Additionally, the attenuation function for PRBC was 0.30 units lower than Richter's at 400 km, which means that at such longer distances the Richter function overestimates the magnitude of PRBC earthquakes. Finally, station magnitude corrections from −0.42 to 0.26 units were obtained, suggesting significant effects due to station site properties.
Recent earthquake sequences at Coso: Evidence for conjugate faulting and stress loading near a geothermal field
Authors: Bhattacharyya Joydeep , Gross Susanna , Lees Jonathan , Hastings Mike 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTwo recent earthquake sequences near the Coso geothermal field show clear evidence of faulting along conjugate planes. We present results from analyzing an earthquake sequence occurring in 1998 and compare it with a similar sequence that occurred in 1996. The two sequences followed mainshocks that occurred on 27 November 1996 and 6 March 1998. Both mainshocks ruptured approximately colocated regions of the same fault system. Following a comparison with the background seismicity of the Coso region, we have detected evidence of stress loading within the geothermal field that appears to be in response to the 1998 earthquakes. The ML = 5.2 mainshock in the 1998 sequence occurred at 5:47 a.m. UTC and was located approximately 45 km north of the town of Ridgecrest in the Coso range. The mainshock of the 1996 sequence had an ML magnitude of 5.3. There have been no observable surface ruptures associated with either of these sequences. Though the mainshocks for both sequences were located about 900 m apart and have nearly the same local magnitudes, the sequences differ in both their temporal and spatial characteristics. An analysis of the fault-plane solutions of the mainshocks and the aftershock locations suggests that the two sequences ruptured fault planes that are perpendicular to one another. We observe a much faster temporal decay of the 1998 sequence compared to the one in 1996; moreover, while the 1996 sequence was not followed by any sizeable (i.e., ML &gt; 4.0) aftershocks, the 1998 sequence had four such events. From an estimate of the tectonic stressing rate on the fault that produced the 1998 sequence, we infer a repeat cycle of 135 years for an earthquake of comparable magnitude at Coso.
Produksi Susu dan Komposisi Susu Sapi Friesian Holstein yang Mendapat Suplemen Tepung Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb)
Authors: Harjanti Dian Wahyu , Mustaqim Arif , Hartanto Rudy 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji produksi susu dan komposisi susu sapi Friesian Holstein (FH) yang mendapat suplemen tepung temulawak (Curcuma Xanthorriza Roxb). Materi penelitian menggunakan sapi FH berjumlah 12 ekor. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 2 perlakuan dan 6 kelompok. Perlakuannya adalah T0 = pakan basal (kontrol), T1 = pakan basal + suplemen temulawak (1% kebutuhan BK). Parameter yang diamati yaitu konsumsi bahan kering, produksi susu dan komposisi susu. Data yang diperoleh di analisis menggunakan sidik ragam, untuk data komposisi susu dilakukan uji lanjut dengan Paired T test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian suplemen temulawak tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap konsumsi BK, produksi susu dan komposisi susu (laktosa, lemak dan protein). Konsumsi BK T0 sebesar 18,06 kgBK, T1 sebesar 18,15 kgBK, rataan produksi susu T0 sebesar 6,49 liter/hari, T1 sebesar 6,30 liter/hari dan komposisi susu T0 dan T1 secara berturut pada laktosa sebesar 4,58 dan 4,56, kandungan lemak secara berurutan 3,65 dan 3,78 serta kandungan protein secara berurutan sebesar 3,16 dan 3,16. Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian suplemen temulawak 1% kebutuhan BK belum mampu meningkatkan konsumsi bahan kering, produksi dan komposisi susu sapi perah laktasi. (Milk production and milk composition of friesian holstein cows fed with temulawak (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb) supplement) ABSTRACT. This study aims to examine the milk production and milk composition of friesian holstein cows that fed with temulawak (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb) supplement. The material of research using 12 FH cows. The study used a randomized block design with 2 treatments and 6 groups. The treatments were T0 = basal feed (control), T1 = basal feed + Curcuma supplement (1% dry matter (DM)). The parameters observed were DM consumption, milk production and milk composition. Data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA, for milk composition data were analyzed using Paired T test. The results showed that the administration of temulawak supplement was not proven significantly towards the dry matter intake, milk production and milk composition (lactose, fat and protein). Dry matter intake T0 group was 18,06 kg, dry matter intake T1 group was 18,15 kg, the average milk production T0 group was 6,49 liters / day, milk production T1 group was 6,30 liters / day. Lactose concentration of group T0 and T1 was 4, 58% and 4,56%, fat concentration of group T0 and T1 was 3,65% and 3,78% and protein concentration of group T0 and T1 was 3,16% and 3,16%. In conclusion, supplements of curcumma 1% DM were not alter dry matter intake, milk production and milk composition.
Kecernaan Bahan Kering, Bahan Organik, Lemak Kasar dan Nilai Total Digestible Nutrient Hijauan Pakan Kambing
Authors: Rahmawati Puspadina Dwi , Pangestu Eko , Nuswatara Limbang Kustiawan , Christiyanto Marry 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji nilai kecernaan bahan kering (KcBK), kecernaan bahan organik (KcBO), kecernaan lemak kasar (KcLK) dan total digestible nutrient (TDN) dari hijauan pakan kambing. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) terdiri dari 7 jenis hijauan pakan sebagai perlakuan dengan 3 kelompok cairan rumen kambing Jawarandu yang diambil pada waktu dan kambing yang berbeda. Perlakuan meliputi : R1 : daun indigofera; R2 : daun insulin; R3 : daun jambu Biji; R4 : daun melinjo; R5 : daun rambutan; R6 : daun singkong; R7 : daun waru. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan jenis hijauan pakan memberikan pengaruh nyata (P0,05) terhadap kecernaan bahan kering (KcBK), kecernaan bahan organik (KcBK), kecernaan lemak kasar (KcLK) dan total digestible nutrient (TDN). Simpulan penelitian diperoleh bahwa kecernaan bahan kering (KcBK), kecernaan bahan organik (KcBO), kecernaan lemak kasar (KcLK) dan total digestible nutrients (TDN) dipengaruhi oleh kandungan protein, lemak, karbohidrat hijauan pakan pada ternak kambing. (Digestibility of dry matters, organic matters, crude lipid and total digestible nutrients of forage for goats) ABSTRACT. The objectives of this research to evaluate digestibility of dry matter (DMD), organic matter (OMD), crude fat (CFD) and total digestible nutrients (TDN) of various forages for goat. The experimental design used randomized block design (RBD) which consists of 7 types of forages as treatment with 3 different groups of rumen fluid of Jawarandu goats taken at different times and goats. The treatments were R1: indigofera leaves; R2: insulin leaves; R3: guava leaves; R4: melinjo leaves; R5: rambutan leaves; R6: cassava leaves; R7: waru leaves. The results indicated that the different types of forages have significant effects (P 0.05) on digestibility of dry matter (DMD), organic matter (OMD), crude fat \ (CFD) and total digestible nutrient (TDN). The research concluded that dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (ODM), crude fat digestibility (CFD) and total digestible nutrients (TDN) were affected by protein, fat, and carbohydrate contains of various forages for goat.
The population control bill, 2021: exploring newer perspectives
Authors: Nagabhushana Prerana , Sarkar Avir 
Published: August 2021

As we observe the World Population Day on 11th July, the current population stands at roughly 7.9 billion in 2021, with India bagging the second place at 1.39 billion. The net growth rate stands at 1.1% or 83 million per year and the projected world population by 2050 is estimated to be 9.7 billion. These figures are alarming to us-the millennials, who grew up writing ominous essays on ‘population explosion’ at school. Governments across the world, historically Romania to more recently China, have adopted population policies to control the rate of population growth to cater to their advantage-either economically or politically. Some of them directly against reproductive rights- to decide freely and responsibly the number, spacing and timing of their children and to be able to do so without discrimination, coercion and violence.
Radiological and functional outcome of unstable intertrochanteric fractures treated with proximal femoral locking plate
Authors: Singh Chanchal Kumar , Deshpande Juhi 
Published: August 2021

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Intertrochanteric fracture is a common orthopaedic injury sustained in elderly population because of osteoporosis and trivial fall. Life threatening systemic complications occur mainly due to immobility.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> We included 62 patients (40 males and 22 females) of unstable intertrochanteric fracture (AO 31 A2 and A3) attending Department of Orthopaedics. They were all subjected to surgical treatment with proximal femoral locking plate. Patients were followed up at 3rd, 6th and 12th month for outcomes variables i.e.; functional (Harris hip score, Palmer and Parker mobility score) and radiological outcomes (neck shaft angle, loss of reduction, union and implant related complications). Statistical analysis was done using Friedman’s test after calculating the data in terms of mean and median using SPSS 20 software.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Mean age of our patients was 64 years, 40 were males and 22 females. 50 patients sustained fracture due to trivial fall and 12 due to RTA. 35 out of 62 patients had medical co-morbidites. 26 patients needed open reduction of fracture and 36 were close reduced. 22 of patients had severe comminution (AO A 3 III type). Average blood loss was 254 ml. Mean degree of loss of reduction was 5 degrees in 6th month and 4 degrees in 12th month. Union was achieved in 48 out of 50 patients at 12th month. Most of the patients achieved fair to good functional outcome scores at 12th month of follow up. We noticed difficulties in fracture reduction as well as complications related to implant.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> PFLP is an effective implant in comminuted intertrochanteric fractures with broken lateral wall. Complications can be minimised by following principles of locking plate meticulously.</p>
Outcome of posterior lumbar interbody fusion in low-grade spondylolisthesis
Authors: Nimmagadda Vamshikrishna Chand , Seenappa Hiranya Kumar , Mittemari Karthik Narayanamurthy , Paidipati Rajashree 
Published: August 2021

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Spondylolisthesis is the slippage of all or part of one vertebra in relationship to a caudal vertebra, most commonly occurring in the lumbar spine. Fusion is the recommended treatment of choice. Posterior stabilization with posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) is an established procedure with good outcomes. To study functional and radiological outcomes of PLIF in grade 1 and 2 lumbar spondylolisthesis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a prospective study in 30 patients who underwent PLIF and followed up for one year. Functional outcomes were measured in terms of visual analogue scale and the Modified Oswestry Disability Index, and the fusion was assessed on plain radiographs.</p><p class="abstract"> <strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant improvement in VAS of low back pain (90.71%, p&lt;0.001) and VAS of radiating (82.52%; p&lt;0.001). The ODI scores were significantly improved (63.65%, p&lt;0.001) at 1 year follow up. The fusion rate was 70%, and 56.66% patients reported excellent outcomes.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on functional outcomes and the fusion rates of PLIF, we conclude that PLIF is a recommended and excellent surgical option in the management of low grade lumbar spondylolisthesis.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>
Delayed fracture union in a case of vitamin D dependent rickets associated with pulmonary tuberculosis - a case report
Authors: Mahajan Neetin P. , G.S. Prasanna Kumar , Patil Tushar C. , Jain Kevin A. 
Published: August 2021

<p>Rickets is a defect of bone mineralization caused by vitamin D deficiency, seen most significantly at growth plates that result in radiological bony abnormalities like metaphyseal flaring and cupping, physeal widening with focal and generalised osteomalacia.<strong> </strong>Here we present a rare case of 7 years old male, a case of vitamin D3 deficiency rickets in a known case of multi drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. The patient had suffered left proximal fibular fracture following trivial fall 1.5 month back and had delayed bony union leading to difficulty in walking and pain. The patient was treated with oral vitamin D supplementation. In vitamin D deficiency rickets, there is decreased bone mineralization leading to weak bones and delayed fracture healing in children. Low serum vitamin D levels also caused decreased immunity with increased susceptibility to respiratory infections like pulmonary tuberculosis. Appropriate treatment with injectable or oral vitamin D3 with adequate exposure of sunlight and proper nutrition is the best modality of treatment.<strong></strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p>
A retrospective study on management of bell\'s palsy in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Purushothaman P.K , Harshidan Dhanyan , Elangovan Priyangha 
Published: August 2021

Bell's palsy is the most common facial nerve disorder. The clinical symptoms of Bell's palsy include facial muscle paralysis, difficulty in eating, drinking and talking. Bell's palsy management is still controversial. Many patients recover spontaneously; some require medicines like corticosteroids, antiviral drugs and other managements.To study the effectiveness of Bell's palsy management that has been followed in our institution.This analysis had carried out from June 2016 to June 2019at SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai. Total of 30 patients with Bell's palsy who had admitted in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology had enrolled in this study. All the patients underwent thorough clinical examination and laboratory investigation, and the results were statistically analyzed and discussed.Out of 30 patients, 16(53%) patients were males, and 14(47%) patients were females. 53.3% of patients had onset of symptoms after 48 hours. There was a statistical significant improvement in House-Brackman scale on 6 months follow-up.The therapeutic measures for Bell's palsy if initiated within 72 hours of onset aids in bringing better outcome and improves the quality of life in patients.