bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Data-Driven Methods for Estimating Deuterium and Oxygen-18 Isotopes of Groundwater
Authors: CEMEK Bilal , ARSLAN Hakan , küçüktopcu erdem 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Isotope techniques are the most commonly used in cases where hydro-chemical analysis is insufficient to identify groundwater's origin and quality and reveal seawater intrusion into groundwater along coastlines. In this study, the potential of the Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), Radial Basis Neural Networks (RBNN), Generalized Regression Neural Networks (GRNN), Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), Support Vector Machines (SVM), Gaussian Process Regression (GPR), Classification and Regression Tree (CART), and Multiple Linear Regression Analysis (MLR) were compared using known hydro-chemical properties of waters for estimating deuterium (δD) and oxygen-18 (δ18O) isotopes in groundwater of the Bafra plain, Northern Turkey. A total of 61 water samples collected from the plain were chemically analyzed. All data were divided into training (70%) and test (30%) sets. Cluster analysis was performed to reduce the number of input variables, and electrical conductivity (EC), chloride (Cl), magnesium (Mg) and, sulphate (SO4) were introduced into the models as input variables, after examining different combinations of these variables in the studied models. Three statistical indices were used to evaluate models' performances: determination coefficient (R2), root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE). Moreover, a visualization technique (Taylor diagram) was used to assess the similarities between the measured and estimated δD and δ18O values. The comparison revealed that the performance accuracy of MLP was the best among the applied models in δD and δ18O estimations. Overall, the study suggests using data-driven methods, especially MLP, when lacking of appropriate laboratories for isotope analysis and facing with high cost.
Comparison of geographical traceability of wild and cultivated Macrohyporia cocos with different data fusion approaches
Authors: Wang li , Wang Qinqin , Wang Yuan-Zhong , Wang Yunmei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Poria originated from the dried sclerotium of Macrohyporia cocos is an edible traditional Chinese medicine with high economic value. Due to the significant difference in quality between wild and cultivated M. cocos, the study aimed to trace the origin of the fungus from the perspectives of wild and cultivation. In addition, there were quite limited studies about data fusion, a potential strategy, employed and discussed in the geographical traceability of M. cocos. Therefore, we traced the origin of M. cocos from the perspectives of wild and cultivation using multiple data fusion approaches. Supervised pattern recognition techniques like partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and random forest, were employed in this study using. Five types of data fusion involving low-, mid- and high-level data fusion strategies were performed. Two feature extraction approaches including the selecting variables by a random forest-based method—Boruta algorithm and producing principal components by the dimension reduction technique of principal component analysis were considered in data fusion. The results indicate that (1) the difference of wild and cultivated samples did exist in terms of the content analysis of vital chemical component and fingerprint analysis. (2) wild samples need data fusion to realize the origin traceability, and the accuracy of the validation set was 95.24%. (3) Boruta outperformed principal component analysis (PCA) in feature extraction. (4) The Mid-level-Boruta PLS-DA model took full advantage of information synergy and showed the best performance. This study proved that both geographical traceability and optimal identification methods of cultivated and wild samples were different, and data fusion was a potential technique in the geographical identification.
A flexible optoacoustic blood stethoscope for non-invasive multiparametric cardiovascular monitoring
Authors: Jin Haoran , Zheng Zesheng , Cui Zequn , Jiang Ying , Chen Geng , Li Wenlong , Wang Zhimin , Wang Jilei , Yang Chuanshi , Song Weitao , Chen Xiaodong , Zheng Yuanjin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Quantitative and multiparametric blood analysis is of great clinical importance in cardiovascular disease diagnosis. Current blood analysis methods are typically restricted to invasiveness, bulky instruments and complicated clinical procedures. Wearable devices can realize on-skin assessment of several vital signals but generally exhibit very limited blood analyzing functions. Here, we report a flexible optoacoustic blood stethoscope (OBS) for multiparametric cardiovascular monitoring, bypassing the need for invasive procedures. The device features the light delivery elements for blood illumination and the piezoelectric acoustic elements capable of capturing the light-induced acoustic waves. This flexible device can adhere to the skin for continuous and non-invasive in-situ monitoring of multiple cardiovascular biomarkers, including hypoxia, drug concentration decay, and hemodynamics, which can be further visualized with the tailored 3D algorithm. Demonstrations on both in-vivo animal trials and human subjects highlight the OBS's unique potential to provide a new avenue for cardiovascular disease diagnosis and prediction.
Pervaporative Denitrogenation of Pyrrole/n-heptane as Model Oil using MoO3 -PEBAX/PAN membrane
Authors: Liu Kun , Yu Qiu-Lan , Muhammad Yaseen , Subhan Sidra 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The environmentally obnoxious nature of Nitrogen in fuel oils requires serious attention for its removal. In this work, a novel hybrid matrix membrane was prepared by introducing MoO3 nanoparticles into poly (ether-block-amide) (PEBAX2533) and was in turn used for the pervaporative separation of pyrrole/n-heptane mixtures. The interactions between the membrane, pyrrole and n-heptane were investigated by swelling experiments. Pervaporative separation performance of PEBAX membranes revealed higher selectivity for pyrrole from its mixture with n-heptane, which further increased with increasing MoO3 contents in membrane along-with correspondingly increasing the total flux and the separation factor as well. At 2000 µg·g− 1 pyrrole concentration and 30°C temperature, the total flux and the separation factor reached the maximum values of 2.46 kg•m− 2•h− 1 and 17.58, respectively. Attributed to the outstanding separation performance of PEBAX membranes, this work may provide a useful insight into the viable removal of nitrogenous compounds from gasoline via pervaporation.
Use Of Naproxen Versus Intracervical Block For Pain Control During The 52-MG Levonorgestrel-Releasing Intrauterine System Insertion In Young Women: A Multivariate Analysis Of A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Oliveira Elaine C , Baeta Thais , Brant Ana Paula , Silva-Filho Agnaldo , Rocha Ana L 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: To compare the effectiveness of oral analgesia with 550 mg naproxen sodium versus local anesthesia with 6mL 2%-lidocaine intracervical block in pain lowering at the 52-mg levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) placement in young women. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 100 women aged 15-24 years were block-randomized to receive either 6mL 2%-lidocaine intracervical block 5 minutes before the LNG-IUS insertion or 550 mg naproxen 30 minutes before the procedure. Forty-nine women received oral naproxen and 51 received intracervical block. The primary outcome was pain at LNG-IUS insertion. Secondary outcomes were ease of insertion, insertion failures, and correct IUS positioning. Neither participants nor doctors were blinded. Pain at insertion was assessed by using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Results: Women randomized to lidocaine intracervical block presented lower mean pain score at insertion, when compared to women who received oral naproxen (5.4 vs. 7.3, respectively; p <.001). Parous women had a 90.1% lower chance of experiencing severe pain (p=0.004). There was a 49.8% reduction in the chance of severe pain for every 1-centimeter increase in the hysterometry (p=0.002). The only complication observed during insertion was vasovagal-like reactions (7%). The insertion was performed without difficulty in 82% of the women. Participants in the intracervical block group presented higher proportion of malpositioned IUS on transvaginal ultrasound examination compared to women in naproxen group. Nevertheless, all the malpositioned IUS were inserted by resident physicians. Conclusion: Lidocaine intracervical block was found to be more effective than oral naproxen in reducing LNG-IUS insertion pain. Trial registration number: RBR-68mmbp Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials Retrospectively registered (August 4, 2020) URL of trial registry record: https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-68mmbp/
Trichostatin A alleviates HBx-induced HCC metastasis in metabolic stress through up-regulating SIRT3 expression
Authors: Huang Xiao-Yun , Xiao Gui-Tao , Huang Ting-Xuan , Chen Zhi-Xin , Gao Wen-Yu , Zheng Bi-Yun , Wang XZ 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with Hepatitis B viurs X protein (HBx) as one of the main etiology, harbors various metabolic phenotypes for distinct nutrient availability inside solid tumors. Trichostatin A is a histone inhibitor, supposed to inhibit cancer development. However, the role of TSA in tumor cells with metabolic stress has received little investigation.
Methods

We built a HBx-overexpression hepatoma cell model with HBx plasmids transfection, and EBSS was applied in nutrient-deprived cell model. Through western blot, Q-PCR and immunoprecipitation, we further explored the molecular mechanism of TSA-related anti-cancer function.
Results

In our study here, we found that TSA inhibited HBx-enhanced metastasis in metabolic stress, and demonstrated that Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), one of tumor suppressors in HCC, played a role in TSA-related anti-cancer function in metabolic stress, and TSA promoted SIRT3 transcription.
Conclusions

We suggest that TSA alleviated specific subset of HCC, the HBx-induced HCC in metabolic stress, through promoting SIRT3 transcription, suggesting that TSA is a potential drug for HCC treatment.
The Atmospheric Catalytic Liquefaction of Corn Stalk by Phosphoric Acid and Polyethylene Glycol For the Production of Biofuels
Authors: Zhao Zhiqiang , Liu Haitang , Xu Yan , Chen Lin , Jin Xin , Li Jie , Liu Jing , An Yongzhen , Liu Zhong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The liquefaction and reuse of plant biomass have attracted the attention of researchers because the fossil energy is running out gradually, corn stalk waste is rich and can be converted into high quality biofuels through the liquefaction process. The effects of polyethylene glycol on the atmospheric liquefaction yield of corn stalk and the properties of biofuel products were investigated. It was found that the optimal temperature was 170 ℃, reaction time was 60 min, liquid solid ratio was 5:1, catalyst concentrated phosphoric acid dosage was10%, the maximum liquefaction rate reached 97.19%. GC-MS analysis showed that the composition of biofuels is complex, which mainly including alcohols, organic acids, esters, ketones, sugars and other compounds. Results of FT-IR demonstrated that the characteristic functional groups of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in liquefied corn stalk were almost completely disappeared, SEM analysis showed that the surface morphology of liquefaction residue and original corn stalk was completely different, the fiber structure could not be seen in the residue, all these phenomenons indicating that corn stalk was completely liquefied.
The unmet need for treatment of children with musculoskeletal impairment in Malawi
Authors: Ngoie Leonard Banza , Dybvik Eva , Hallan Geir , Gjertsen Jan-Erik , Mkandawire Nyengo , Varela Carlos , Young Sven 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background More than a billion people globally are living with disability and the prevalence is likely to increase rapidly in the coming years in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The vast majority of those living with disability are children residing in LMICs. There is very little reliable data on the epidemiology of musculoskeletal impairments (MSIs) in children and even less is available for Malawi Methods Clusters were selected across the whole country through probability proportional to size sampling with an urban/rural and demographic split that matched the national distribution of the population. Clusters were distributed around all 27-mainland districts of Malawi. Population of Malawi was 18.3 million from 2018 estimates, based on age categories we estimated that about 8.9 million were 16 years and younger. MSI diagnosis from our randomized sample was extrapolated to the population of Malawi, confidence limits was calculated using normal approximation. Results Of 3,792 children aged 16 or less who were enumerated, 3,648 (96.2%) were examined and 236 were confirmed to have MSI, giving a prevalence of MSI of 6.5% (CI 5.7-7.3). Extrapolated to the Malawian population this means as many as 576,000 (95% CI 505,000-647,000) children could be living with MSI in Malawi. Overall, 46% of MSIs were due to congenital causes, 34% were neurological in origin, 8.4% were due to trauma, 7.8% were acquired non-traumatic non-infective causes, and 3.4% were due to infection. We estimated a total number of 112,000 (80,000-145,000) children in need of Prostheses and Orthoses (P&O), 42,000 (22,000-61,000) in need of mobility aids (including 37,000 wheel chairs), 73,000 (47,000-99,000) in need of medication, 59,000 (35,000-82,000) in need of physical therapy, and 20,000 (6,000-33,000) children in need of orthopaedic surgery. Low parents’ educational level was one factor associated with an increased risk of MSI Conclusion This survey has uncovered a large burden of MSI among children aged 16 and under in Malawi. The burden of musculoskeletal impairment in Malawi is mostly unattended, revealing a need to scale up both P&O services, physical & occupational therapy, and surgical services in the country.
Efficient perioperative time-management methods for operating theatres: a systematic review showing how to reduce overall patient waiting times for elective surgery
Authors: Rathnayake Dimuthu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Introduction: The effects on long waiting times for elective surgeries from lower operating theatre (OT) performance have been reported in many studies. The timeliness of perioperative processes and adherence to scheduled times is crucial for efficient performance in OT but the perioperative workflow includes multiple tasks assigned to different work teams. Each of these needs to be completed in a timely manner. This systematic review investigates the effects of efficient preoperative systems on the timeliness of upstream and downstream processes in surgical care pathways in order to reduce overall patient waiting times for elective surgery. Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases during December 2019 and January 2020, for articles published after 1 January 2014. All studies pertaining to perioperative time-management methods, which had an intention to reduce waiting times for elective surgery were eligible for this review. Eligibility criteria included major elective surgery lists of adult patients, excluding cancer and cancer-related surgeries. Both randomized trials and non-randomized controlled studies were considered and the quality of studies was assessed using ROBINS-I and CASP tools. The review findings are presented as a narrative synthesis due to the heterogeneity of included studies. The PROSPERO registration is CRD42019158455. Results: The electronic search yielded 7543 records and 20 articles were eligible after deduplication and full article screening. There were two experimental studies, five quasi-experimental studies and 13 observational studies. The studies varied widely in design, scope, reported outcomes and overall quality. The first-case-start-time and patient change-over-time at OT were the main time related measures considered as affecting timeliness in many studies. Conclusion: This review suggests that a significant amount of time could be saved with efficient scheduling and planning perioperative processes, which could reduce overall patient waiting time for elective surgeries. Managing perioperative time in isolation could be an enabling factor for an overall increase in both theatre utilisation and theatre efficiency. However, only a small number of good quality studies were available and further evaluation with higher quality study designs and rigour is recommended in order for firm conclusions to be reached.
Preparation, Physicochemical Properties, Invitro And In Vivo Release Evaluation of Chitosan Decorated Curcumin Loaded Niosome
Authors: Salehi Sahar , Nourbakhsh Mohammad Sadegh , Yousefpour Mardali , Rajabzadeh Ghadir , Sahab-negah Sajad 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Based on several pharmacological activities of curcumin (Cn), it has been introduced as an ideal candidate for different neurological disorders. But poor solubility, rapid clearance and low stability have limited its clinical application. Development of curcumin loaded smart niosome for crossing blood brain barrier could be and interesting option to overcome these limitations.Object: The aim of this study is preparation and characterization of chitosan decorated curcumin loaded niosome(CH-CLN) and evaluation of invitro release and in vivo bioavailability and bio stability of curcumin in the brain tissue.Methods: Niosomal formulations were prepared by modified heating method by using 3-factor and 3 level mixture design. The formulations were characterized using DLS, zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). The entrapment efficiency and invitro release were also evaluated. Wistar rats were subjected to intraperitoneal injection (i. p.) of formulations, and curcumin 15 minutes before perfusion. Cn concentration in different parts of the central nervous system, liver, and plasma was analyzed for in vivo analysis.Results: Encapsulation efficiency was obtained 75% for optimized formulation and presented sustain release, followed by the Hixon-Crowell model. The particle size was about 100nm with polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.2. Chitosan decorated niosomal formulation increased Cn concentration in central nervous system.Conclusion: We can conclude the chitosan decorated curcumin loaded niosome improved bioavailability of curcumin in brain tissue and cold be a promising tool for crossing blood-brain barrier
P- and S-wave Velocity Structures and the Influence of Volcanic Activities in the East Java Area from Seismic Tomography
Authors: Ridha Syawaldin , Maryanto Sukir , Martha Agustya A. , Syahra Vanisa , Anshori Muhajir , Supendi Pepen , Widiyantoro Sri 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Indonesia is one of the most interesting targets for seismic tomographic studies due to its tectonic complexity. The subduction zone was formed when the Indian oceanic plate was subducted beneath the Eurasian continental plate. This activity caused the formation of volcanoes along the Sunda Arc, including the area of East Java. In this study, we aim to identify the influence of volcanic activities which extends from the west to the east of East Java. We used the data of 1,383 earthquakes, recorded by the 22 stations of the Indonesia Tsunami Early Warning System (InaTEWS) seismic network. We relocated the earthquakes and conducted a tomographic study using SIMULPS12. We then explored the anomalies of P- and S-wave velocities and Vp/Vs ratio. The low-velocity zone was observed in the volcanic area related to the partial melting zone or magma chamber with high Vp/Vs. This zone is observed at the depth range from 27 to 155 km and is correlated with the slab of Java subduction zone. We assume that the plumbing system of volcanoes is interlinked. If it is true, this can be helpful to carry out further detailed studies regarding the continuity of the plumbing system and the volcanic arc.
Affordances of Audience Response Systems: Effects of Instant and Regular Feedback
Authors: Osorio Ricardo Tamayo , Sánchez-Mora Johanna , Corredor-Aristizábal Javier 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Audience Response Systems (ARS), also known as clickers, are wireless devices commonly used in instruction. The present study explored the effects of ARS on students’ performance in an introductory psychology course. The study also described the trajectories of students during the course. Participants in the experimental group used ARS to solve ten true/false questions throughout a three-hour lecture, held once a week. They received feedback immediately after providing an answer. The control group was exposed to the same questions in a paper-and-pencil format at the beginning of each lecture. They received feedback after seven days. The key dependent variable was quantitative performance on course quizzes and exams. Results show that students in the experimental group had statistically significant superior performance compared to the control group. Additionally, analysis of learning trajectories of students in both groups showed that the ARS group gradually progressed to higher performance, whereas the paper-and-pencil group maintained similar performance through the study. These results are discussed within the context of previous findings related to the effects of ARS on instruction. Particularly, we revisit research related to environmental affordances, learning monitoring, motivational factors, feedback density, and ecological validity. .
Prospective Observational Study on Pazopanib in Patients Treated for Advanced or Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma in Countries in Asia Pacific, North Africa, and Middle East regions: PARACHUTE Study
Authors: Erman Mustafa , Biswas Bivas , Danchaivijitr Pongwut , Chen Lingwu , Wong Yoke Fui , Hashem Tarek , Lim Chun Sen , Karabulut Bulent , Chung Hsiao-Jen , Chikatapu Chandra , Ingles Sara , Slimane Khemaies , Kanesvaran Ravindran 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Clinical effectiveness and safety data of pazopanib in patients with advanced or mRCC in real-world setting from Asia Pacific, North Africa, and Middle East countries are lacking.Methods: PARACHUTE is a phase IV, prospective, non-interventional, observational study. Primary endpoint was the proportion of patients remaining progression free at 12 months. Secondary endpoints were ORR, PFS, safety and tolerability, and relative dose intensity (RDI).Results: Overall, 190 patients with a median age of 61 years (range: 22.0-96.0) were included. Most patients were Asian (70%), clear-cell type RCC was the most common (81%), with a favourable (9%), intermediate (47%), poor (10%), and unknown (34%) MSKCC risk score. At the end of the observational period, 78 patients completed the observational period and 112 discontinued the study; 60% of patients had the starting dose at 800 mg. Median RDI was 82%, with 52% of patients receiving <85%. Of the 145 evaluable patients, 56 (39%) remained progression free at 12 months, and the median PFS was 10 months (95% CI: 8.48-11.83). 19% of patients (21/109) were long-term responders (on pazopanib for ≥18 months). The best response per RECIST 1.1 was CR/PR in 24%, stable disease in 44%, and PD in 31%. Most frequent (>10%) TEAEs related to pazopanib included diarrhoea (30%), palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome (15%), and hypertension (14%).Conclusions: Results of the PARACHUTE study support the use of pazopanib in patients with advanced or mRCC who are naive to VEGF-TKI therapy. The safety profile is consistent with that previously reported by pivotal and real-world evidence studies.