bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
POSSIBILIDADES DO USO DE OBRAS DE FICÇÃO CIENTÍFICA NO ENSINO DE FÍSICA
Authors: Sorensen Rafael do Nascimento , Teixeira Ricardo 
Published: September 2021

Este artigo tem por finalidade analisar o uso de filmes e livros de ficção científica como recursos auxiliares para o ensino de física. Foram avaliadas diferentes possibilidades de inserção da ficção científica para estimular a motivação pela aprendizagem de temas científicos, bem como na contextualização de conceitos científicos em atividades educacionais abordando conteúdos relacionados tanto Ã física básica, quanto Ã física moderna e contemporânea, que estão presentes no currículo das escolas de ensino médio e em disciplinas de cursos superiores das áreas das ciências exatas. Inicialmente foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica a respeito de trabalhos de pesquisas já realizadas sobre este tema tanto no Brasil quanto em países estrangeiros. Foi feito também um estudo sobre a história da Ficção Científica, em busca de obras tanto bibliográficas quanto cinematográficas com um potencial para serem utilizadas no contexto do ensino de física. Certas obras de ficção científica foram escolhidas tendo em vista a potencialidade de utilização para auxiliar no ensino de física e na divulgação científica, tendo em vista também a possibilidade de incentivar jovens talentos para carreiras científicas. Algumas atividades de divulgação científica e oficinas didáticas foram realizadas e analisadas a partir de seus resultados.
The impact of Syrian refugees on patient demographics and type 2 diabetes across five public health centers in Lebanon
Authors: Makhoul Peter , Tcheroyan Raya , Ammar Walid , Hamadeh Randa , Zalloua Pierre , Nabbout Ghassan 
Published: September 2021

Background The war in Syria triggered the influx of a large number of refugees into neighboring countries, particularly Lebanon. In 2019, the Syrian population made up 13.33% of the total population in Lebanon. This shift in demographics influenced many sectors in the country, including the healthcare system. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of Syrian refugees on the Lebanese healthcare system across five public health centers (PHCs) and the prevalence of type II diabetes (T2D) in these patients. Methods Patient data was collected across five PHCs from different regions in Lebanon. Comparisons between Lebanese and Syrian patients were analyzed for demographics, relative number of patients, and prevalence of T2D. Results We found that the number of patients admitted to PHCs has increased over the last few years, in both Syrian and Lebanese populations, putting more strains on an already threatened sector. In addition, the increase in Lebanese patients is significantly higher after 2015, and it parallels the surge in Syrian immigrants. The prevalence of T2D was found to be increasing over the years among the two populations, with a statistically significant increase in the Lebanese population after 2015. However, the prevalence of T2D was found to be statistically lower than the reported national prevalence in both groups, possibly due to inadequate rates of screening. Conclusions There has been an increase in admissions to PHCs as well as rates of T2D in Lebanon and in the Syrian population. Inadequate screening could be the reason behind the lower prevalence of T2D in our study compared to the reported national prevalence.
Household factors associated with managing the HIV positive population and meeting the UNAIDS goals
Authors: Gaumer Gary , Ochigbo Ekwu B. , Sherafat-Kazemzadeh Roya , Daniels Elad , Brown Jessica , Hurley Clare L. , Nandakumar A. K. 
Published: September 2021

Background While poor countries have made progress attaining the The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) goals for 2025, continued progress depends on continued accessibility of program services, as well as continued improvements in compliant behavior by HIV positive populations. This paper examines household survey data in four African countries pertaining to those critical behaviors and identifies the key population barriers for attaining UNAIDS goals. Methods This study used Population-based HIV Impact Assessment (PHIA) survey data for Zambia, Malawi, Eswatini, and Tanzania to examine household and other influences associated with effectively managing HIV-infected adults using three key outcomes: (i) self-awareness of HIV status, (ii) antiretroviral therapy adherence, and (iii) rate of viral load suppression (VLS). Results Factors found to increase HIV risk also posed barriers to awareness and viral suppression, such as being young, having multiple partners, and having a job outside the home. Additional barriers to awareness and viral suppression were low education, low wealth, low knowledge of HIV, and the HIV status and gender of the household head. The most consistent factor influencing awareness and viral load suppression was the gender of the individual. Women were much more likely to be aware of their HIV status and more likely to be virally suppressed at rates almost twice as high as comparable men. Our analysis shows that the gender differential for awareness seems primarily due the testing and other services provided for women giving birth. We also found that the VLS gender gap was not related birthing-related services. Conclusions The most substantial barrier to achieving UNAIDS goals appears to be poorer compliance by men regarding testing and sustained VLS. Routinely providing HIV testing and other HIV information during antenatal care (ANC) may have contributed to improved rates of HIV-status awareness of birthing-age women. New programs to routinely integrate HIV testing into men’s health care in workplaces or other settings could improve men’s awareness and compliance with treatment. Also needed are more effective interventions to target sectors of the population that are less likely to adhere to treatment regimens, such as persons with low-education levels, low wealth, and/or low knowledge of HIV.
Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Rizgary Hospital Building In Erbil City, the Capital City of KR of Iraq
Authors: Abduljaleel Zina A. , Taha Bahman Omer , Yaseen Abdulhameed Abdullah 
Published: September 2021

Collapsing building structures during recent earthquakes, especially in Northern and Eastern Kurdistan, including the 2003 earthquake in Cewlig; the 2011 earthquake in Van; and the 2017 earthquake near Halabja province, has raised several concerns about the safety of pre-seismic code buildings and emergency facilities in Erbil city. The seismic vulnerability assessment of the hospital buildings as emergency facilities is one of the necessities which have a critical role in the recovery period following earthquakes. This research aims to study in detail and to extend the present knowledge about the seismic vulnerability of the Rizgary public hospital building in Erbil city, which was constructed before releasing the seismic provisions in the region. ETABS software is employed to conduct Eigenvalue analyses, nonlinear static analyses, and about 120 incremental dynamic analyses; furthermore, the actual response of the hospital building is evaluated by considering possible irregularities in both directions and the effect of seismic pounding. The outcomes of the research indicate that the hospital building is in poor performance under anticipated earthquakes. In addition, the existing combination of irregularities and seismic pounding in the model increases the vulnerability under the seismic load. A suitable strengthening strategy is also recommended.
Thermal Buckling of Laminated Composite Plates Using a Simple Four Variable Plate Theory
Authors: Yahea Hussein Tawfeeq , Majeed Wedad Ibraheem 
Published: September 2021

In this study, the thermal buckling behavior of composite laminate plates cross-ply and angle-ply all edged simply supported subjected to a uniform temperature field is investigated, using a simple trigonometric shear deformation theory. Four unknown variables are involved in the theory, and satisfied the zero traction boundary condition on the surface without using shear correction factors, Hamilton's principle is used to derive equations of motion depending on a Simple Four Variable Plate Theory for cross-ply and angle-ply, and then solved through Navier's double trigonometric sequence, to obtain critical buckling temperature for laminated composite plates. Effect of changing some design parameters such as, orthotropy ratio (E1/E2), aspect ratio (a/b), thickness ratio (a/h), thermal expansion coefficient ratio (α2/α1), are investigated, which have the same behavior and good agreement when compared with previously published results with maximum discrepancy (0.5%).
Dukungan Pada Lansia Dalam Menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Satriyandari Yekti , Utami Fitria Siswi 
Published: September 2021

Kasus COVID-19 semakin bertambah. Muhammadiyah memberikan edukasi kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian melihat dukungan kelompok meliputi ekonomi, kesehatan, mental, dan sosial dalam menghadapi pandemi covid 19 di kelompok Ranting â€˜Aisyiyah. Jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif fenomenologi. Jumlah 13 informan denganÂ Focus Group Discucssion. Hasil penelitian memberikan dukungan pada lansia selama pandemic covid 19 dengan memberikan paket sembako, saling mendukung satu sama lain, tidak memberikan stigma yang buruk pada masyarakat yang sedang melakukan isolasi mandiri. Meningkatkan peran kelompok dukungan social untuk meningkatkan derajat kesehatan lansia selama pandemic covid 19 menjadi rekomendasi dari penelitian ini.
Enhancing the performance of students in chemistry through flipped classroom with peer instruction teaching strategy
Authors: Macale Aprhodite , Lacsamana Marivic , Quimbo Maria Ana , Centeno Edmund 
Published: September 2021

This study examines the implementation of flipped classroom with peer instruction teaching strategy to Grade 7 public high school students in Laguna, Philippines. To analyze the effect of flipped classroom with peer instruction on Chemistry achievement, a two-group quasi-experimental pretest-posttest research design was used. In addition, student perception and participation were conducted using a post-implementation survey. In the flipped classroom with peer instruction, the students were introduced to the lesson using the science courseware developed by the Department of Science and Technology and YouTube videos as pre-class activities. The in-class activity was focused on answering concept questions through peer instruction. Findings show that the two groups of students significantly increased their Chemistry achievement after the implementation of the teaching strategies. However, the students in the flipped classroom with peer instruction had higher Chemistry achievement, high level of participation, and wide acceptance of the teaching strategy than the control group. With this teaching strategy, the students were able to complete their assigned tasks on time, show cooperative and supportive attitude during classroom discussion and activities, share ideas in class, and show respect for the opinion of others. On the contrary, students in the traditional classroom with peer instruction setup performed poorly on these aspects of classroom participation.
Study of the In-Flight Characteristics of Particles for Different Configurations of Cascade Plasma Torches
Authors: Darut Geoffrey , Planche Marie Pierre , Liao Hanlin , Adam Christian , Salito Armando , Rösli Manfred 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Cascaded plasma torches are becoming increasingly common, but the influence of geometry, notably that of the anode, is relatively unexplored. This work investigates the relationship between anode-cathode distance and plasma voltage fluctuations. The study was conducted using cascaded torches that can be configured with different numbers of neutrodes and commercially available Al2O3 powders. The powders were sprayed at different gas flow rates and current intensities while monitoring voltage fluctuations as well as in-flight particle temperature and velocity. The resulting alumina coatings were characterized based on microstructure, phase composition, porosity, and hardness. A frequency analysis of the arc voltage fluctuations revealed well-defined peaks at 60, 120, and 180 kHz that vary in intensity based on the number of neutrodes. The more neutrodes, the sharper and higher the peak. In contrast, the power spectra of the arc voltage generated by a conventional plasma torch contains no such peaks, indicating a random displacement of the arc root leading to less stability of the arc.
Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Post-Treated Zn4Al Sprayed Coatings Using Twin Wire Arc Spraying
Authors: Tillmann W. , Abdulgader M. , Hagen L. , Biermann D. , Timmermann A. , Wirtz A. , Walther F. , Milz M. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Metal structures in offshore facilities are usually protected from corrosion using Zn-Al coatings even though they are subjected to collective stress conditions. This paper evaluates a post-treatment called machine hammer peening and its effect on surface finish, induced residual stresses, and near-surface microstructure of thermally sprayed ZnAl4 coatings. As expected, coating roughness was reduced from about Rz = 53.5 μm in the as-sprayed condition to 10.4 μm after treatment and coating densification was revealed in the near-surface zone. Residual stresses, which were surprisingly compressive in the as-sprayed condition, were likewise affected by the peening process, reaching a maximum of 200 MPa. The influence of peening direction and other such parameters were also investigated as part of the study.
SwissStandSim: ein klimasensitives, einzelbaumbasiertes Waldwachstumsmodell
Authors: Zell Jürgen , Nitzsche Jens , Stadelmann Golo , Thürig Esther 
Published: September 2021

SwissStandSim: ein klimasensitives, einzelbaumbasiertes Waldwachstumsmodell
Die Entwicklung unserer Waldbestände unter dem Klimawandel und die Beeinflussung der zukünftigen Waldleistungen durch heutiges Handeln sind zu wichtigen waldbaulichen Fragen geworden. Daher braucht es modellgestützte Hilfsmittel für die forstliche Planung und die Optimierung von Behandlungen. In diesem Artikel wird das neue, wissenschaftlich abgestützte Waldwachstumsmodell SwissStandSim vorgestellt, das Teil eines zukünftigen Entscheidungsunterstützungssystems für die schweizerische Forstwirtschaft werden soll. SwissStand-Sim basiert auf den Daten der langfristigen ertragskundlichen Versuchsflächen der Schweiz. Diese werden verwendet, um ein klimasensitives, einzelbaumbasiertes Waldwachstumsmodell zu erstellen. Die Daten wurden mit möglichst vielen Umweltvariablen kombiniert, um die demografischen Prozesse Bewirtschaftung, Wachstum, Mortalität und Einwuchs zu modellieren. Die Klimavariablen zeigten ökologisch interessante Wechselwirkungen, so besonders zwischen Niederschlag und Temperatur, und zwar für das Wachstum wie auch die Mortalität. Eine weitere Wechselwirkung zeigte sich zwischen der Stärke der Bewirtschaftung und der Mortalität. Je stärker die Bewirtschaftung, desto höher war die Mortalität in den darauffolgenden Jahren. Dies lässt Interpretationen zu bezüglich Vulnerabilität von Beständen nach starken Eingriffen. Beispielhafte Simulationen mit SwissStandSim für drei ertragskundliche Versuchsflächen zeigen eine gute Übereinstimmung zwischen Daten und Modell, wobei der Häufigkeit und der Intensität von Störungsereignissen eine Schlüsselrolle zukommt. Die Herleitung von SwissStandSim beruhte auf einem mittleren Störungsregime, was je nach lokaler Situation zu einer Über- oder einer Unterschätzung der Mortalität führen kann. Mit SwissStandSim kann die Bewirtschaftung von Beständen flexibel simuliert werden. Damit ist SwissStandSim dazu prädestiniert, im Rahmen eines an der WSL laufenden Projektes (SessFor, NFP73) Teil eines praxistauglichen Werkzeugs für die Entscheidungsunterstützung für waldbauliche Fragen auf der Bestandesebene zu werden.
Sustainable agricultural practices for Mediterranean olive grove. Effect of soil management on soil properties .
Authors: Nieto Olga María , Fernández-Ondoño Emilia , Castro Juan 
Published: September 2021

The olive is one of the most important crops grown in the Mediterranean region, both in terms of total surface area and its socioeconomic and environmental impact. In the present work, the main soil parameters of olive groves under different management systems are compared to an uncultivated area. Soil samples were collected and analysed from native vegetation (NV) and olive groves under three different soil management systems: conventional tillage (T), no-tillage bare soil (NT) and cover crop (CC). The groves (T, NT, and CC) increased the calcium carbonate content in the uppermost part of the soil profile with respect to NV. The lowest calcium carbonate concentrations were recorded in the top few centimetres of NV soil, with concentrations increasing with depth, while in the cultivated soils, no depth-related variations were found. The results showed an accumulation of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the shallowest soil layer resulting in a high stratification value in the NV; however, this diminished in the cultivated soil and particularly in the tilled plots. The plots under these types of soil management also presented the lowest SOC, nitrogen, potassium and C/N values. CC was the soil management system that showed the best soil properties. Our results indicate that using cover crops and eliminating tillage practices significantly improve soil quality in Mediterranean olive groves.
Evaluation of legumes and poultry manure for the early protection of burnt soils .
Authors: González Prieto Serafín , Carballas Tarsy , Castro Arturo 
Published: September 2021

Organic amendments combined with the sowing of gramineous grasses are effective for the early protection of burnt soils (BS) but cannot restore soil N status to pre-fire level; this has led to interest in combining their use with N<sub>2</sub> fixer legumes. The effectiveness of applying poultry manure (PM; 2 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup>) and sowing legumes (<em>Lotus corniculatus, Lupinus polyphyllus </em>and <em>Trifolium repens</em>) for the early protection of BS was compared with that of applying PM + <em>Lolium perenne</em> and growing these four species without PM in a 3-month pot experiment, which also included a control consisting of an unburnt soil (US). In US, the shoot and root biomass increased as follows: <em>Trifolium </em>~<em> Lotus </em>&lt;&lt; <em>Lolium </em>&lt; <em>Lupinus.</em> Compared with those grown in US, plants grown in BS were smaller and weaker in three species (<em>Lupinus, Lolium</em> and <em>Trifolium</em>). The reverse was true for the four species grown in BS+PM, which showed the benefits of PM addition. In all the treatments, plant N uptake, which prevents soil-N losses, increased as follows: <em>Trifolium </em>~ <em>Lotus</em> &lt; <em>Lupinus </em>&lt; <em>Lolium.</em> The lack of nodules observed suggested that none of the legumes fixed atmospheric-N<sub>2</sub>.
Teaching soil science: strategies and guarantees for the future .
Authors: Reyes-Sánchez Laura Bertha 
Published: September 2021

The aim of the current work was to propose an approach to the interdisciplinary teaching of science that would generally increase interest in the study and knowledge of science, and more specifically in the area of soil science. The paper outlines how this pedagogical proposal was carried out in two schools, working with children studying the 5th and 6th courses of Primary Education. This was achieved through a methodological process that made it possible to both rank children’s knowledge from basic to complex, and to pedagogically organise the whole action using the same procedure. The approach was used to establish the different stages of knowledge construction, whose levels were increasingly complex in terms of relationships, thereby drawing nearer to a perception of the systematic reality of the Earth and helping students to understand that soil is a natural resource that is essential to life. This paper presents qualitative information corresponding to the periods before and after the pedagogical intervention, and details how the children in the 5th and 6th grades of Primary Education at two different schools conceptualise soil. The paper also presents the way in which they perceive the relationship between soil and its immediate environment. The impact of the pedagogical proposal was assessed through comparisons between the children from the working and control groups which were based on differences in the assimilation of concepts relating to the soil system. The results clearly show that when applying the proposed educational approach, it was possible for the work groups to achieve a more complex construction of knowledge relating to the establishment and functions of the soil concept.
Sensitivity of soil biological indicators in an Argiudoll from the Argentinean Pampas
Authors: Ferreras Laura Alejandra , Toresani Silvia María Inés , Faggioli Valeria Soledad , Galarza Carlos Martín 
Published: September 2021

The maintenance of soil quality and crop productivity is an important goal for modern agriculture. Soil tillage systems that improve the soil organic carbon and also favor the survival and activity of soil microorganisms could contribute to the sustainability of agricultural systems. The aim of the work was to assess the changes produced by different management practices (tillage systems and cover crop) on soil biological parameters in order to evaluate their capacity as sensitive soil quality indicators. The trial was carried out at the Agriculture Experimental Station INTA Marcos Juárez (Province of Cordoba-Argentina), with different soil management techniques. Soil organic carbon (OC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), soil enzyme activities (acid phosphatase, dehydrogenase and urease) and metabolic quotient (qCO<sub>2</sub>) were determined on soil samples (0-7.5 cm sampling depth) at six sampling times.<strong> </strong>The management techniques were: combined tillage (CL), no-tillage (NT) and no-tillage with cover crop (NTCC). An old pasture that has not been tilled since 1993 was also sampled as a reference (R). Soil organic carbon, MBC and soil enzyme activities were higher in the undisturbed soil (R) than in the cropped plots (p &lt; 0.05), while the qCO<sub>2</sub> was significantly lower. The OC decrease was 39.2%, 35.1% and 29.1% for CL, NT and NTCC, respectively. The CL treatment showed lower MCB values (between 50% and 67%) than those found in NTCC. Metabolic efficiency was significantly higher in NTCC than in CL (qCO2 was 32% lower). A lower enzymatic activity (acid phosphatase, urease and dehydrogenase) was found in CL with respect to NTCC (p &lt; 0.05). Soil enzymes were positively correlated with MBC, and OC with MBC. Multivariate data analysis allowed group treatments and a summary variable was obtained that could be interpreted as a simple index of soil quality. The OC was not a sensitive indicator to differentiate management systems. However, it was sensitive enough to detect changes between R with respect the other treatments. Instead, biological parameters allowed for differentiation of effect of different management, identifying the system NTCC as the greatest contributor to the sustainability and biological soil conservation. Microbial biomass carbon is suggested as a sensitive indicator since it is related to various soil functions. Also, the metabolic quotient (qCO<sub>2</sub>) has proved to be a suitable indicator because it determines the metabolic efficiency of the microbial population through the relation between basal respiration per unit of MBC.