bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of children and adolescents 1 year after being seen in a multidisciplinary psychogenic nonepileptic seizures clinic
Authors: Fredwall Megan , Terry Debbie , Enciso Laurie , Burch Maggie (Mary) , Trott Kristen , Albert Dara V. F. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectivePsychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) are paroxysmal events that may involve altered subjective experience and change in motor activity with a psychological cause. The aim of this work is to describe a population of pediatric patients with PNES and identify factors predictive of 12‐month outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a prospective observational study of children and adolescents referred to the multidisciplinary Nationwide Children's Hospital PNES clinic between November 2017 and July 2019. Information was collected from patients during clinic visits and semistructured follow‐up phone calls. Descriptive statistics and Fisher exact test were used for analysis.ResultsOf the 139 consecutive patients referred to the PNES clinic, 104 were seen in clinic and 63 answered 12‐month follow‐up calls. Patients with comorbid epilepsy had increased rates of participation at 12‐month follow‐up (p = .04). Complete remission was achieved by 32% (20/63) of patients at 12 months. Combined PNES remission and improvement was 89% (56/63) at 12 months. Patients and families who were linked with counseling at 1 month were more likely to achieve remission at 12 months (p = .005). Less than half (44%, 28/63) of patients reached at 12 months had their events documented on video‐electroencephalogram (EEG) at diagnosis; however, those who did were not more likely to be accepting of the diagnosis at 12 months (p = 1.0), be linked with counseling at 12 months (p = .59), or be event‐free at 12 months (p = .79).SignificanceRemission occurred in one third of patients by 12 months; however, improvement in events was seen in 89%. Connection to counseling by 1 month was associated with increased remission rates at 12 months. Capturing events on video‐EEG was not associated with increased acceptance or event freedom at 12 months. Diagnosis should be followed by strong encouragement to connect with counseling quickly to achieve a goal of increasing 12‐month PNES remission rates.
First record of Heterotrioza chenopodii (Reuter, 1876) (Hemiptera: Psylloidea: Triozidae) in Tunisia
Authors: Haouas Dalila , Mdellel Lassaad , Ben Halima Kamel Monia , Manai Mohamed Habib , Ouvrard David 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis is the first report of the psyllid species, Heterotrioza chenopodii (Reuter, 1876), in Tunisia. This species was collected in November 2019 on Chenopodium album growing in the greenhouse of the Higher School of Agriculture, Kef, Northwestern Tunisia. Elements of colouration of adults and immatures are reported in this paper and considerations about the use of this species as a weed biocontrol agent are discussed.
Potential role for microbial ureolysis in the rapid formation of carbonate tufa mounds
Authors: Medina Ferrer Fernando , Rosen Michael R. , Feyhl‐Buska Jayme , Russell Virginia V. , Sønderholm Fredrik , Loyd Sean , Shapiro Russell , Stamps Blake W. , Petryshyn Victoria , Demirel‐Floyd Cansu , Bailey Jake V. , Johnson Hope A. , Spear John R. , Corsetti Frank A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractModern carbonate tufa towers in the alkaline (~pH 9.5) Big Soda Lake (BSL), Nevada, exhibit rapid precipitation rates (exceeding 3 cm/year) and host diverse microbial communities. Geochemical indicators reveal that carbonate precipitation is, in part, promoted by the mixing of calcium‐rich groundwater and carbonate‐rich lake water, such that a microbial role for carbonate precipitation is unknown. Here, we characterize the BSL microbial communities and evaluate their potential effects on carbonate precipitation that may influence fast carbonate precipitation rates of the active tufa mounds of BSL. Small subunit rRNA gene surveys indicate a diverse microbial community living endolithically, in interior voids, and on tufa surfaces. Metagenomic DNA sequencing shows that genes associated with metabolisms that are capable of increasing carbonate saturation (e.g., photosynthesis, ureolysis, and bicarbonate transport) are abundant. Enzyme activity assays revealed that urease and carbonic anhydrase, two microbial enzymes that promote carbonate precipitation, are active in situ in BSL tufa biofilms, and urease also increased calcium carbonate precipitation rates in laboratory incubation analyses. We propose that, although BSL tufas form partially as a result of water mixing, tufa‐inhabiting microbiota promote rapid carbonate authigenesis via ureolysis, and potentially via bicarbonate dehydration and CO2 outgassing by carbonic anhydrase. Microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation in BSL tufas may generate signatures preserved in the carbonate microfabric, such as stromatolitic layers, which could serve as models for developing potential biosignatures on Earth and elsewhere.
‘Implicit’ remittances in family relationships: The case of Bangladeshis in Italy and beyond
Authors: Della Puppa Francesco , Ambrosini Maurizio 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this article – based on 100 in‐depth interviews with divided and reunited Bangladeshi families in Italy, Bangladesh, and London – we discuss how remittances are influenced by gender relations within the family, what social meanings they assume, what family memberships they reinforce, how the intertwining between migration and family cycle affects them. By adopting an intersectional approach, we show how economic transfers are normally sent to the family of the first‐migrant man, although they may assist the emigration of the wife's male relatives: a phenomenon that we call ‘implicit remittances’. A second set of results concerns changes over time in remittances and two events of the family cycle are decisive: the family reunification in Italy and the demise of parents in the country of origin. In both cases, remittances are reduced, cease, or are limited to gifts in particular circumstances.
Seven super urban agglomerations, governments’ debt risk, and land leasing, China
Authors: Zhang Juanfeng , Li Lele , Zhang Danxia , Gu Jie 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUrban agglomerations are the new feature of China's urban development. Local governments turn to land finance (tudi caizheng) to support super urban agglomeration construction. The issuance of urban investment bonds (UIBs) uses land as the guarantee. Debt repayment depends on land leasing revenue and fees. This study takes UIBs as an example and selects the nonlinear panel model, using the data of 135 prefecture‐level cities from 2006 to 2015 in seven super urban agglomerations, to directly observe the impact of land leasing revenue and leasing scale on UIB issuance, scale, and risk. Empirical results show that land leasing revenue has a positive impact on the possibility of UIB issuance, debt scale, and debt risk, whereas land leasing scale has a negative impact on UIB scale. Differences in the effect of land leasing revenue and land leasing scale are observed among urban agglomerations.
Mitigating unintended consequences of co‐design in health care
Authors: Ní Shé Éidín , Harrison Reema 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundCo‐design and associated terms are increasingly being used to facilitate values‐based approaches to health‐care improvement. It is messy and complex, involving diverse actors.MethodsWe explore the notion that initiatives have outcomes other than initially planned is neither new nor novel but is overlooked when thinking about co‐design. We explore some of the unintended consequences and outline some optimal conditions that can mitigate challenges.DiscussionAlthough co‐design approaches are being applied in health care, questions remain regarding its ability to produce gains in health outcomes. Little is known about determining whether co‐design is the most suitable approach to achieve the given project goals, the levels of involvement required to realize the benefits of co‐design or the potential unintended consequences. There is a risk of further marginalizing or adding burden to under‐represented populations and/or over‐researched populations.ConclusionUndertaking a co‐design approach without the optimal conditions for inclusive involvement by all may not result in an equal partnership or improve health or care quality outcomes. Co‐design requires on‐going reflective discussions and deliberative thinking to remove any power imbalances. However, without adequate resources, a focus on implementation and support from senior leaders, it is a tough ask to achieve.Patient or Public ContributionThis viewpoint article was written by two academics who have undertaken a significant amount of PPI and co‐design work with members of the public and patient's right across the health system. Our work guided the focus of this viewpoint as we reflected on our experiences.
Partnering with older people as peer researchers
Authors: Daly Lynn Jean , Washbrook Margy , Ryan Assumpta , McCormack Brendan , Martin Suzanne 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe term peer researcher describes the role of a person who has similar characteristics and can identify with the participant group in a research study. This paper describes the methodological approach and experiences of older people who were peer researchers on a study that explored the lived experience of people with dementia who lived in technology‐enriched housing.MethodsNine people responded to a public recruitment campaign through nongovernment organisations using multiple methods such as seniors' forums, development officers and social media. Mandatory training across 2 days was provided and seven peer researchers successfully completed the training. A total of 22 interviews were undertaken by the seven peer researchers. The data collected from the training feedback proforma (N = 7), interview debrief forms (N = 22) and final evaluation forms (N = 5) were analysed using content analysis and triangulated.ResultsFive core themes emerged from the data using a content analysis approach to examine the peer researchers' experience: (1) skill development; (2) recognition of competencies; (3) connection; (4) supplementary information; and (5) the triad dynamic.ConclusionsConsiderations to enhance the peer researcher experience emerged including enhanced communication training, consideration of the optimum number of peer researchers to balance workload and identification of the characteristics that enable people to connect as peer researchers. Future research should consider the impact that experiential skill development has on the data collected.Public ContributionOlder people conducted qualitative interviews as peer researchers with people living with dementia to cocreate knowledge.
Characterizing the nanomechanical properties of microcomedones after treatment with sodium salicylate ex vivo using atomic force microscopy
Authors: Al‐Rekabi Zeinab , Rawlings Anthony V. , Lucas Robert A. , Raj Nidhin , Clifford Charles A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe treatment of acne presents a major clinical and dermatological challenge. Investigating the nanomechanical properties of the microcomedone precursor lesions using atomic force microscopy (AFM) may prove beneficial in understanding their softening, dissolution and prevention. Although the exact biochemical mechanism of NaSal on microcomedones is not fully understood at present, it appears to exhibit a significant exfoliation effect on the skin via corneodesmosome dissolution.MethodsTherefore, to support this exploration, sodium salicylate (NaSal), a common ingredient employed in skin care products, is applied ex vivo to microcomedones,collected by nose strip adhesive tape, and their nanomechanical properties are assessed using AFM. Although the exact biochemical mechanism of NaSal on microcomedones is not fully understood at present, it appears to exhibit a significant exfoliation effect on the skin via corneodesmosome dissolution.ResultsHerein, our findings demonstrate that when microcomedones are treated with 2% NaSal, samples appeared significantly more compliant (‘softer’) ((1.3 ± 0.62) MPa) when compared to their pre‐treated measurements ((7.2 ± 3.6) MPa; p = 0.038). Furthermore, elastic modulus maps showed that after 2% NaSal treatment, areas in the microcomedone appeared softer and swollen in some, but not in all areas, further proving the valuable impact of 2% NaSal solution in altering the biomechanical properties and morphologies in microcomedones.ConclusionOur results are the first of their kind to provide qualitative and quantitative mechanobiological evidence that 2% NaSal decreases the elastic modulus of microcomedones. Therefore, this study provides evidence that NaSal can be beneficial as an active ingredient in topical treatments aimed at targeting microcomedones.
Spectrum mutations of PRF1, UNC13D, STX11, and STXBP2 genes in Vietnamese patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Xinh Phan Thi , Chuong Ho Quoc , Diem Truong Pham Hong , Nguyen Tuan Minh , Van Nguyen Dinh , Mai Anh Nguyen Hoang , Nghia Huynh , Vu Hoang Anh 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe prevalence of gene mutations in hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) varied between studies. Thus far, data on the genetic background of HLH in Vietnamese patients are limited.MethodsWe recruited 94 HLH patients and analyzed for the 4 genes using Sanger sequencing technology.ResultsPathogenic variants were observed in 36 (38.29%) patients, including 27 in UNC13D, 5 in STXBP2, 3 in PRF1, and 2 in STX11 (one patient with digenic variants in both UNC13D and STX11). Monoallelic variants accounted for 77.8% of all cases with mutation. A total of 23 different types of pathogenic variants were documented in the 4 genes tested, including 15 in UNC13D, 3 in PRF1, 3 in STXBP2, and 2 in STX11. Interestingly, the novel splicing variant c.3151G>A in UNC13D was recurrently identified in 8 unrelated patients.ConclusionVietnamese patients with HLH showed a distinct genetic variant spectrum, in which UNC13D is the predominant genetic lesion associated with HLH.
Artesunate relieves acute kidney injury through inhibiting macrophagic Mincle‐mediated necroptosis and inflammation to tubular epithelial cell
Authors: Lei Xian‐ying , Tan Rui‐zhi , Jia Jian , Wu Song‐lin , Wen Cheng‐li , Lin Xiao , Wang Huan , Shi Zhang‐jing , Li Bo , Kang Yan , Wang Li 
Published: August 2021

AbstractArtesunate is a widely used derivative of artemisinin for malaria. Recent researches have shown that artesunate has a significant anti‐inflammatory effect on many diseases. However, its effect on acute kidney injury with a significant inflammatory response is not clear. In this study, we established a cisplatin‐induced AKI mouse model and a co‐culture system of BMDM and tubular epithelial cells (mTEC) to verify the renoprotective and anti‐inflammatory effects of artesunate on AKI, and explored the underlying mechanism. We found that artesunate strongly down‐regulated the serum creatinine and BUN levels in AKI mice, reduced the necroptosis of tubular cells and down‐regulated the expression of the tubular injury molecule Tim‐1. On the other hand, artesunate strongly inhibited the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL‐1β, IL‐6 and TNF‐α), protein levels of inflammatory signals (iNOS and NF‐κB) and necroptosis signals (RIPK1, RIPK3 and MLKL) in kidney of AKI mouse. Notably, the co‐culture system proved that Mincle in macrophage can aggravate the inflammation and necroptosis of mTEC induced by LPS, and artesunate suppressed the expression of Mincle in macrophage of kidney in AKI mouse. Overexpression of Mincle in BMDM restored the damage and necroptosis inhibited by artesunate in mTEC, indicating Mincle in macrophage is the target of artesunate to protect tubule cells in AKI. Our findings demonstrated that artesunate can significantly improve renal function in AKI, which may be related to the inhibition of Mincle‐mediated macrophage inflammation, thereby reducing the damage and necroptosis to tubular cells that provide new option for the treatment of AKI.
Chronic chemogenetic stimulation of the anterior olfactory nucleus reduces newborn neuron survival in the adult mouse olfactory bulb
Authors: Libbrecht Sarah , Van den Haute Chris , Welkenhuysen Marleen , Braeken Dries , Haesler Sebastian , Baekelandt Veerle 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDuring adult rodent life, newborn neurons are added to the olfactory bulb (OB) in a tightly controlled manner. Upon arrival in the OB, input synapses from the local bulbar network and the higher olfactory cortex precede the formation of functional output synapses, indicating a possible role for these regions in newborn neuron survival. An interplay between the environment and the piriform cortex in the regulation of newborn neuron survival has been suggested. However, the specific network and the neuronal cell types responsible for this effect have not been elucidated. Furthermore, the role of the other olfactory cortical areas in this process is not known. Here we demonstrate that pyramidal neurons in the mouse anterior olfactory nucleus, the first cortical area for odor processing, have a key role in the survival of newborn neurons. Using DREADD (Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs) technology, we applied chronic stimulation to the anterior olfactory nucleus and observed a decrease in newborn neurons in the OB through induction of apoptosis. These findings provide further insight into the network regulating neuronal survival in adult neurogenesis and strengthen the importance of the surrounding network for sustained integration of new neurons.
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Factors affecting the health status of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving insulin treatments: A multi‐mediation path analysis
Authors: Lee Kang Sun , Kim Hye Young , Jin Heung Young 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesTo validate a hypothetical path model estimating the health status of patients with insulin‐treated type 2 diabetes and to verify the mediating effects of diabetes management self‐efficacy, diabetes self‐management behaviour and haemoglobin A1c using a multi‐mediation model.BackgroundDiabetes knowledge, personal and social motivations, diabetes management self‐efficacy and health behaviours may be interrelated and may directly or indirectly affect the objective and subjective health outcomes of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving insulin treatments.DesignModel testing correlational design.MethodsThe participants were 193 outpatients with insulin‐treated type 2 diabetes. Data were collected between July and November 2019. The collected data were analysed using SPSS version 25.0® and AMOS 23.0. This study is based on STROBE guidelines.ResultsThe model's fit indices were adequate. Diabetes‐related knowledge, psychological insulin resistance, family support for diabetes management, diabetes self‐care activities and haemoglobin A1c had significant direct effects on subjective health status. Diabetes management self‐efficacy had significant indirect effects on subjective health status via diabetes self‐care activities and haemoglobin A1c, and mediated the path through which diabetes knowledge, psychological insulin resistance and family support for diabetes management indirectly affect subjective health status. These variables explained 55.0% of the total variance of subjective health status.ConclusionDiabetes knowledge, psychological insulin resistance, diabetes management family support, diabetes management self‐efficacy and diabetes self‐care activities were found to be related to the subjective and objective health status.Relevance to clinical practiceThe findings can help health professionals improve diabetes self‐care activities and haemoglobin A1c, which will influence subjective health status in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, receiving insulin treatments.
Why Local Adaptation Sometimes Fails to be Effective for MNEs: Exploring the Dynamics of Collective Bonuses, Egalitarianism, and Informal Norms
Authors: Bourmault Nishani , Siegel Jordan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPast literature has documented the liability of foreignness (LOF) that foreign MNEs face when they introduce organizational practices abroad that work well in their home countries, particularly practices that conflict with local cultural norms. However, when foreign MNEs adopt practices that resemble those of their local counterparts, whether and why foreign MNEs still face a LOF is unclear. This study explores why foreign MNEs that implement a compensation practice used by local counterparts – collective bonuses – may not experience the same performance benefits. Our data consists of interviews and longitudinal survey data of the organizational practices of MNEs in France, a country where commitment to egalitarian resource distribution is culturally strong. We find that foreign MNEs, especially those from countries where egalitarian commitment is relatively low, benefit significantly less in terms of productivity when implementing collective bonuses than do their French counterparts. We show how even when foreign MNEs adopt local practices, they can subtly transfer the cultures of their home countries. In other words, they transfer informal, elusive norms (e.g., non‐egalitarian attitudes of top management) that can be problematic. Tension persists between the informal requirements to facilitate the practice in the host country and the MNE’s home‐country culture, a core part of their tacit knowledge. It is one of the first pieces to show that imitating local practices may not suffice to reduce LOF because cultural conflicts make such imitation ineffective. Our findings shed light on how MNEs’ cultural heritage can shape the effectiveness of their practices abroad.
Towards a decolonial curriculum of human rights education in Palestine
Authors: Albhaisi Nancy 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe politics of knowledge economy have long governed the process of spreading the United Nation's universal culture of human rights into diverse contexts. This article examines the strategies utilized in introducing and operationalizing the UN's normative discourse of human rights through integrating an ideological model of Human Rights Education in the Gaza Strip. This is through the United Nations Relief and Work Agency for Palestinian refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) and its education provision services in Gaza. In particular, I apply an abridged version of Foucauldian Discourse Analysis, from a discursive psychological viewpoint, to generate an understanding of identity construction within the wider context of the continuing Israeli settler‐colonial project in Palestine. The aim is to challenge the particular subject position of Palestinian learners as advocates for human rights, which they cannot claim through the UN's highly bureaucratic and standardized tools. In this context, a decolonial response is indispensable for addressing the role of the politics of knowledge production of human rights in regulating the learners’ subjectivities while ignoring the intricate geopolitical and historical factors that shape the learners’ identities. Therefore, the article contributes to decolonial research by examining the UNRWA as a modern and hegemonic institution that guards and delivers a decontextualized HRE curriculum in Gaza.