bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Locking Plate Alone or in Combination With Cannulated Screws for Hoffa Fractures: a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Li Zhen , Chen Zhenyue , Wang Xiaotan , Li Jingyin , Jing Lizhong , Cao Xuewei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Locking plate or screws have been used for Hoffa fractures; however, evidence to support the effectiveness of the procedure remains scarce. The present study aimed to determine the efficacy of distal femur condyle locking plate（DFCLP）alone or in combination with cannulated screws for Hoffa fractures.Methods: In this cohort study, 13 patients with isolated Hoffa fractures were enrolled during the study period (May 2014 to February 2019) and retrospectively analyzed. Patients underwent open reduction and internal fixation by DFCLP alone or in combination with cannulated screws followed by early active rehabilitation postoperatively. The primary outcome was evaluated with Knee Society Score (KSS), the range of movement (ROM), International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scoring system and the stability of the fixation site of the patients during the 24-month follow-up period.Results: A total of 13 patients completed the 24-month follow-up assessment and achieve bone re-union at Hoffa fracture sites. The average follow-up period was 24.5months (ranging from 24 to 28 months), and the average time to healing was 3.5 months (ranging from 3 to 4 months). The mean ROM was determined as 119°, the mean KSS was 87.9, and the mean IKDC score was 84.2. It is worth mentioning that 2 patients suffered from knee joint stiffness and osteoarthritis during the 24 months follow-up. Eleven patients (84.6%) achieved satisfactory knee joint function through early postsurgical rehabilitation.Conclusion: In patients with Hoffa fractures, treatment with DFCLP alone or in combination with cannulated screws followed by early active rehabilitation resulted in great stability and satisfactory functional results after 24 months.
TMK-based cell surface auxin signaling activates cell wall acidification in Arabidopsis
Authors: Yang Zhenbiao , Lin Wenwei , Tang Wenxin , Takahashi Koji , Ren Hong , Pan Songqin , Zheng Haiyan , Gray William , Xu Tongda , Kinoshita Toshinori 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The phytohormone auxin controls a myriad of processes in plants, at least in part through its regulation of cell expansion. The "acid growth hypothesis" has been proposed to explain auxin-stimulated cell expansion for five decades, but the mechanism underlying auxin-induced cell wall acidification is poorly characterized. Auxin induces the phosphorylation and activation of the plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase that pumps protons into the apoplast, yet how auxin activates its phosphorylation remains elusive. Here, we show that the transmembrane kinase (TMK) auxin signaling proteins interact with PM H+-ATPases and activate their phosphorylation to promote cell wall acidification and hypocotyl cell elongation in Arabidopsis. Auxin induced TMK's interaction with H+-ATPase on the plasma membrane within 1-2 minutes as well as TMK-dependent phosphorylation of the penultimate Thr residue. Genetic, biochemical, and molecular evidence demonstrates that TMKs are required for auxin-induced PM H+-ATPase activation, apoplastic acidification, and cell expansion. Thus, our findings reveal a crucial connection between auxin and PM H+-ATPase activation in regulating apoplastic pH changes and cell expansion via TMK-based cell surface auxin signaling.
A Network Pharmacology Approach and Molecular Docking Technology to Uncover the Potential Molecular Mechanism of Astragalus -Scorpion on Prostate Cancer
Authors: Wu Litong , Chen Ying , Chen Minjing , Yang Yueqin , Che Zuzhao , Li Qixin , You Xujun , Fu Wei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the molecular mechanism of Astragalus-Scorpion in the treatment of prostate cancer by network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. Methods: Using TCMSP, BATMAN-TCM, TCMID and Swiss TargetPrediction Databases to retrieve the active ingredients and corresponding targets of Astragalus-Scorpion. The targets related to prostate cancer were retrieved through GeneCards, so as to obtain the common targets of Astragalus-Scorpion and prostate cancer. The common targets were input into the STRING database for protein interaction analysis. Cytoscape software was used to construct the active “ingredient-target-disease” network, and GO and KEGG enrichment analysis were performed on the common targets. To screen the core ingredients and targets that play therapeutic roles, Autodock software was used for molecular docking verification. Results: 27 active ingredients, 340 potential targets related to active ingredients, 898 targets related to disease and 122 common targets were screened from Astragalus-Scorpion totally. The core targets of PPI network were JUN, AKT1, IL6, MAPK1 and RELA, while the core active ingredients in the active ingredient-target-disease network were quercetin, kaempferol, formononetin, 7-o-methylisomucronulatol and calycosin.762 GO entries and 154 pathways were obtained by enrichment analysis totally. The molecular docking results showed that quercetin binds to AKT1 and RELA, kaempferol to AKT1, and formononetin to RELA, all of which were stable. Conclusion: Quercetin, kaempferol and others in the Astragalus-Scorpion can regulate multiple signaling pathways such as PI3K-Akt signaling pathway by binding to targets such as AKT1 related to prostate cancer, inhibit the proliferation of tumor to play a role for prostate cancer.
Local Steroid Treatment: An Effective Procedure for Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis, Including Complicated Cases
Authors: Ertürk Taha Furkan , Çakır Özgür , Bayrak Büşra Yaprak , Güneş Abdullah , Aydemir Selahattin , Utkan Nihat Zafer 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the effectiveness of treatment with topical and intralesional steroids for idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) and to compare with surgical methods.Methods Data was retrospectively collected from records. Intralesional steroid injection and topical steroid administration, hereafter referred to as local steroid treatment (LST) were applied in Group 1. Surgery (local excision, wide excision and mastectomy) was performed in Group 2. In Group 1 changes in lesion sizes were recorded and factors complicating treatment were identified. The Numeric Pain Rating Scale was used to determine subjective pain. LST and surgery were compared with regard to: pain before and after the treatment; complication rate; recurrence rate; and treatment cost.Results There were 38 and 48 patients in Group 1 and Group 2, respectively. In the LST group 72 lesions were present and 70 of 72 (97%) responded completely to treatment. Pre-treatment median maximum diameter was 23.50 (15.25-35.25) mm, which regressed to 16 (12-25) mm after the first session. While the pre-treatment pain scores of Group 1 and Group 2 were similar (p=0.756), there was a significant difference in the post-treatment pain scores (p<0.001). No recurrence occurred in any patients in Group 1, while recurrence developed in 15 (31.2%) patients in Group 2 (p<0.001).Conclusion LST is a treatment for IGM that is cheap, with high efficiency, negligible recurrence, and has good esthetic outcome. Our results suggest that LST should be the first-line treatment option for all IGM patients, including complicated cases.
Lexical parafoveal previewing predicts reading speed
Authors: Pan Yali , Frisson Steven , Jensen Ole 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
While reading is an essential human skill, the neuronal mechanisms supporting proficient reading are not well understood. In spite of the reduced visual acuity, parafoveal information plays a critical role in natural reading. However, it is debated whether words are previewed parafoveally at the lexical level. This is a key dispute for competing models on reading. We found neural evidence for lexical parafoveal previewing by combining a novel rapid invisible frequency tagging (RIFT) approach with magnetoencephalography (MEG) and eye-tracking. In a silent reading task, target words were tagged (flickered) subliminally at 60 Hz. The tagging responses measured when fixating on the pre-target word reflected parafoveal previewing of the target word. We observed stronger tagging responses during pre-target fixations when followed by low compared to high lexical frequency targets. Moreover, this lexical previewing predicted individual reading speed. Our findings demonstrate that reading unfolds in the fovea and parafovea simultaneously to support fluent reading.
Rural Populations of Alagoinhas and Herpetofauna: Knowledge, Uses and Interactions
Authors: Campos Fabisson Lima , Neto Ernani Machado de Freitas Lins , Costa-Neto Eraldo Medeiros , Ferreira Felipe 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Brazil has one of the greatest diversity of species of herpetofauna in the world. Associated with this diversity of species, rural communities in Brazil have developed a vast knowledge about these animals. Methods: The present research aimed to characterize the knowledge and influence of the socioeconomic variables of the population in the interaction between humans and herpetofauna of the rural area of the municipality of Alagoinhas. The free list method and semistructured questionnaire was used to list the species of the herpetofauna known by the informants. Results: A total amount of 39 species of amphibians and reptiles was cited by the informants. These interact with residents in the categories of food use, magical-religious purposes, medicine, pets and in conflicting relationships. Conclusion: Regarding the results of socioeconomic variables influencing knowledge, time of residence, gender, the location of the community, education level, explained the knowledge associated with the reptiles. For amphibians, time of residence and gender explained the knowledge associated.
WITHDRAWN: Optimization of Seed Germination, Callus Induction, and Secondary Metabolites Production in Allium Jesdianum: Elicitation by Methyl Jasmonate and Putrescine
Authors: Yazdanian Esmat , Golkar Pooran , Vahabi Mohammad Reza , Taghizadeh Marzieh 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Allium jesdianum is considered as the most important genera of the Liliaceae family with various pharmacological properties. The present study was carried out to determine the best pre-germination treatment in A. jesdianum. The highest seed germination (58.33%) was observed at chemical treatment including the combination of α-naphthaleneacetic acid (1 mgL− 1) and benzyl aminopurine (3 mgL− 1) on Murashige and Skoog (MS) media. The highest callus induction (86.7%) was observed at MS/2 media, which was supplemented by NAA (1 mgL− 1) and BAP (3 mgL− 1) from hypocotyl explants. Two elicitors including methyl jasmonate (MeJ) (0, 25, 50, and 100 µM) and putrescine (Pu) (0, 0.5, and 1 mM) were used to investigate their effects on lipid peroxidation, callus growth traits, total phenolics content (TPC), the contents of total flavonoids (TFD), total flavonols (TFL), anthocyanin, total chlorophyll, total carotenoids and on antioxidant activity through DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method under callus culture. The results showed the superiority of MeJ over Pu for increasing the secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity in callused of A. Jesdianum, compared to the control. The highest TPC (6.02 mg GAEg− 1 FW), TFD (0.52 mg QEg− 1 FW), and TFL (0.39 mg QEg− 1 FW) were observed under 50 µM of MeJ. Meanwhile, the highest value for anthocyanin (8.99 µ mol g− 1 FW) was achieved at 25 µM of MeJ. The highest DPPH activities were observed at 50 and 100 µM of MeJ. Putrescine (0.5 mM) elicitation showed only superiority for callus growth rate (0.53 mm day− 1) and carotenoids (0.045 mg g− 1 DW). In this study, effective seed germination and elicitation of A. Jesdianum callus cultures were developed for the first time. Thus, new protocols could be suitable for future studies in biotechnological aspects of this medicinal plant.
Salivary oxytocin after play with parents predicts behavioral problems in preschool children
Authors: Torres Nuno , Martins Daniel , Monteiro Ligia , Santos António J. , Vaughn Brian E. , Veríssimo Manuela 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Oxytocin (OXT) has attracted research interest for its potential involvement in many of the behavioural problems observed in childhood. Due to its logistical advantages, saliva is an attractive fluid to quantify neuropeptides in children. Salivary OXT has been suggested as a potential biomarker for psychopathology during childhood. However, several questions still remain about the extent to which, and under what conditions, concentrations of OXT in saliva can be reliably measured and are related to behavioural problems in preschool age children.Methods: Seven samples of saliva from 30 preschool children (17 girls) were collected in five different days at their homes. Three of the samples were collected by the children's parents at baseline daily routine conditions, and four of the samples were collected by researchers during two home-visits: before and after two 15-minute dyadic play sessions (one with mothers and one fathers) between each individual parent and the child. Oxytocin concentrations were quantified by Radioimmunoassay with prior extraction. Children's behavioural problems were assessed by the Caregiver-Teacher Report Form (C-TRF) questionnaire, completed by the child's’ preschool teacher.Results: Salivary OXT measured in baseline samples collected by the parents could not predict any of the behavioural problems measured by the C-TRF. However, when collected by the researchers, salivary OXT before playing with parents correlated negatively with the C-TRF depression and anxiety subscales. Additionally there was a richer and stronger pattern of negative correlations between the salivary OXT measured after playing with parents and the depression, opposition, externalization and total problem scales of the C-TRF. Furthermore, salivary OXT was unlikely to be reliably measured using single sampling, but acceptable reliabilities were achieved when averaging several samples. Finally, the salivary OXT evoked after an episode of play with parents showed better reliabilities than collected at baseline.Conclusion: measurements of OXT evoked after positive affect interactions with parents seem to capture aspects of the OXT system in young children that are relevant for understanding the role of this system in children’s social behaviour.
A turn-on fluorescent sensor based on coffee-grounds carbon dots for the detection of sodium cyclamate
Authors: Chen Junzhe , Du Haiying , Xu Yifeng , Ma Boyu , Zheng Zhihong , Li Pengchan , Jiang Yuqiu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were synthesized by coffee-grounds as carbon source under hydrothermal carbonization treatment for the first time. The obtained CQDs showed a strong emission at the wavelength of 460 nm, with an optimum excitation of 370 nm, and enrichment of the surface functional groups(-OH, -NH2). Sodium cyclamate in an aqueous solution and the CQDs could form a core-shell structure by hydrogen-bonding and van der waals bonding to enhance the fluorescent emission. Cyclohexyl sulfamate forms cyclohexyl sulfamate in an aqueous solution and then undergoes dehydration and condensation with the hydroxyl groups on the carbon quantum dots, and finally sodium cyclamate forms a core-shell structure around the carbon quantum dots.环己基氨基磺酸盐在水溶液中形成环己基氨基磺酸盐，然后与碳量子点上的羟基进行脱水和缩合，最后环甜酸钠在碳量子点周围形成核-壳结构。Cyclohexyl sulfamate form a cyclohexyl sulfamic acid in an aqueous solution followed by dehydration condensation with hydroxyl groups on the carbon quantum dots, cyclamate final core-shell structure is formed in the peripheral carbon quantum dot,
Enhancement in Adhesive and Thermal Properties of Bio-based Epoxy Resin by Using Eugenol Grafted Cellulose Nanocrystals
Authors: Tariq Tariq Aziz , Zheng Jieyuan , Jamil Muhammad Imran , Fan Hong , Ullah Roh , Iqbal Mudassir , Ali Amjad , Khan Farman Ullah , Ullah Asmat 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Bio-based epoxy resins are being used due to their green chemistry. They have better properties than petroleum-based epoxy resins. Recently, environment friendly nanomaterials have been used for different industrial applications. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are among the best naturally occurring materials. Therefore, the surface of cellulose nanocrystals are modified by eugenol-based silane coupling agent (EBSCA). Chemical composition and surface morphologies of CNCs were analyzed and characterized by FTIR, AFM, SEM, TEM and 1H-NMR. The SEM and AFM results confirmed eugenol-based silane coupling agent was successfully grafted on cellulose nanocrystals. Modified CNCs demonstrated an excellent tensile strength (2190 MPa) and modulus (16.00 MPa), as well as storage modulus (1622 MPa) exhibited by 1wt% modified cellulose nanocrystals composites. Additionally, modified CNCs displayed hydrophobic behavior (CA=102 ± 2°). The corresponding modified CNCs have significant applications in combination of high stiffness and strength to the epoxy resins. This study lays a foundation towards full bio-based, environment friendly polymers fabrication and consumptions most desirable in adhesive and mechanical industrial fields.
The Electronic, Magnetic and Optical Properties of Ba2MUO6&nbsp; Compounds With (M=Ni, Co, Cd and Zn): DFT&nbsp;Calculation&nbsp;
Authors: Kadiri Abdelmajid , Arejdal Mestapha , Abbassi Abderrahman 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this present paper, the electronic, magnetic and optical properties of the double Perovskites Ba2MUO6 with (M=Ni, Co, Cd and Zn) are investigated in the framework of the Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA), employing the Full Potential-Linearized Augmented Plane Wave (FP-LAPW) method as implemented in the Wien2K package. The only method used to study these three types of the properties of these compounds is Density Functional Theory (DFT) approach. Thanks to this method, several of the detailed results related to the three studied properties of these compounds are determined; specifically, the optimization of parameters of structures, the band structures, the electronic densities of states (DOS), reflectivity, transmittance and absorbance. Finally, the comparison between these results obtained in this theoretical study and the experimental values makes it clear that they are virtually in good agreement with each other.
Multimedia Computational Offloading for 5G Mobile Edge Computing
Authors: D Adhimuga Sivasakthi , Raja Gunasekaran 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Due to the tremendous growth of smartphone users with their massive usage of faster response, delay sensitive applications lead to high traffic demands, still not yet been met by current researchers. Thus, the ever-increasing computational demands are managed through computational offloading, which offload intensive workloads to the small cells having functionality similar to the resource-rich providers namely edge server. With the use of edge server, the heavily loaded computations get executed outside of the mobile device which results in minimization of mobile energy consumption and latency. Mobile edge computing is an emerging paradigm of commercial infrastructure for computational offloading, which enhances the power of smart mobile devices. Generally, edge provides cloud services and resources to the nearest proximity of users with radio access in fifth-generation (5G) networks for low latency, prompt response, and filtering. But, the frequent network failure automatically degrades the performance. Hence in this paper, we integrate the functionalities of Edge Server with Pico cells (ESP) for efficient traffic management and also propose a distributed Multi hop Mesh Middle layer (MMM) architecture for seamless communication with high resilience, minimal latency, and reduction of energy consumption. Generally, a pico cell is a distributed antenna system, an alternative to a repeater used to extend wireless services to 100 users. We developed an Ant Social based Vector (ASV) optimization algorithm for an intelligent offload decision, which paves the way for backhaul routing conflicts. Simulation results of Cloud Sim show that offloading tiny devices integrated with significant additional computational capabilities would satisfy all the demands from each network within a 15ms delay.
Purification Effect Evaluation of the Designed New Volcanic Soil Adsorption Material Containing Bioreactor for Eutrophic Water Treatment
Authors: Fu Huiling , Ding Linxian , Zhai Jingyu , Wang Xue-song 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
To investigate the purification effect of the new adsorption material containing bioreactor and the critical role of non-culture (VBNC) bacteria in eutrophication ecosystem, major water quality parameters and microbial community were determined and analyzed in prepared eutrophic water for 2 years monitoring. The results showed that removal rates of total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) ranged of 90.7% - 95.9%, 84.5% - 92.4%, 87.9% - 95.8% and 68.3% - 82.7%, respectively, indicating the designed bioreactor possessed high efficiency in eutrophic water treatment. Although the bioreactor had been operated for 2 years, water from treatment group was more clearer and odorless than control group, exhibiting the long service life of the bioreactor. Stopping operation in August caused the removal rates of major water quality parameters significantly decrease (p < 0.05), revealing stopping operation and high temperature in Summer exerted dual effect on the bioreactor, whereas the impact could be minimized when the bioreactor was running. According to most probable number (MPN) method, the total bacteria under +Rpf treatment were higher than under -Rpf treatment, implying Rpf could resuscitate VBNC bacteria in eutrophication ecosystem. Nine VBNC bacteria were isolated based on the BLAST results of 16S rRNA gene, and these bacteria might contribute to eutrophic water treatment based on their functions, such as phosphorus-collecting and denitrification. Those results provided new insights for engineering technology innovation and had benefit in eutrophic water treatment.
Dynamic molecular pockets on diffusion channel for efficient production of polymer-grade propylene
Authors: Li Dan , Zeng Heng , Wang Ting , Xie Mo , Wei Rong-Jia , Xie Xiao-Jing , Zhao Yifang , Lu Weigang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Size-based molecular sieving works well for rigid molecules with complete exclusion of larger ones, yet interaction-induced molecular sieving may offer unusual separation capability for molecules with matching physicochemical properties. Here we report a MOF material (XXU-3) featuring one-dimension channels with embedded molecular pockets opening to C3H6 and C3H8 at substantially different pressures. The dynamic nature of the pockets is revealed by single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation upon exposure of the activated XXU-3 to C3H6 or C3H8 atmosphere. Breakthrough experiments demonstrate that XXU-3 is not only capable of separating C3H6 from C3H8 with record-high C3H6 productivity, but also the first MOF material realizing polymer-grade C3H6 production in a single adsorption-desorption cycle from an equimolar C3H6/C3H8 mixture. The underlying separation mechanism, namely orthogonal-array dynamic molecular sieving, is an exemplary strategy for both large separation capacity and fast adsorption-desorption kinetics. This work presents an ideal design for next-generation sieving materials and it holds great potential for applications in adsorptive separation.