bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis of Key Genes Controlling Cancer Stem Cell Characteristics by Mrnasi in Colon Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Jie , Yin Honghao , Tong Zhongsheng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Cancer stem cells are hidden tumor cells with the potential for self-renewal and multi-differentiation, which are the principal cause of tumor heterogeneity, metastasis and drug resistance. However, the key genes that maintain cell stemness of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) are still unknown. Our study was designed to identify key genes associated with the stemness of COAD cell. Methods: RNA sequencing data and clinical information were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to recognize key genes based on mRNAsi. Next, the gene expression data downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), Oncomine, and Gene Expression Profiling Integrative Analysis (GEPIA) were used to demonstrate the expression of key genes.Results: The mRNAsi score of COAD tissue was obviously superior than that of normal tissue. N stages, M stages and overall survival were highly related to mRNAsi. WGCNA showed that the green module was positively related to mRNAsi. We obtained 27 genes closely related to each other at the transcriptional and protein levels. The main biological functions of key genes were organelle fission, chromosomal region, and protein serine/threonine kinase activity. The enriched signaling pathway were cell cycle, progesterone−mediated oocyte maturation, human T−cell leukemia virus 1 infection, oocyte meiosis, DNA replication, cellular senescence, viral carcinogenesis, and p53 signaling pathway. The key genes were highly expressed in COAD and various cancers, which was validated multiple databases. Conclusions: 27 key genes were well correlated with maintaining stemness of COAD, which were significantly related to cell cycle events. The key genes may be therapeutic targets for inhibiting the properties of COAD stem cells.
Experimental Verification of Analysis Model of Seismic Isolation With High-Static-Low-Dynamic Stiffness
Authors: Miyamoto Kou , Iba Jun , Watanabe Koichi , Ishii Ken , Kikuchi Masaru 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper verifies the model of high-static-low-dynamic stiffness (HSLDS) for seismic isolation based on an experiment. Seismic isolation is widely used in several countries. Moreover, the number of seismically isolated buildings has rapidly increased in these few decades. Seismic isolation extends a natural period of a building and decreases the absolute acceleration to re-duce a seismic force. However, as there is a trade-off between displacement and absolute acceleration, it might result in the maximum displacement be-yond an allowable range. HSLDS is nonlinear, and its restoring force can be approximated cube of a displacement. Thus, HSLDS applies a large restoring force for significant displacement, and the force is small for small perturbation around an equilibrium position. To improve the control performance of seismic isolation for displacement, we apply HSLDS for seismic isolation. This paper conducts an experiment and compares the results with a time-history analysis to verify a numerical model of HSLDS
Manifestations of Alzheimer’s Disease Genetic Risk in the Blood: A Cross-Sectional Multi-Omic Analysis in Healthy Adults Aged 18-90+
Authors: Heath Laura M , Earls John C. , Magis Andrew T. , Kornilov Sergey A. , Lovejoy Jennifer C. , Funk Cory C. , Rappaport Noa , Logsdon Benjamin A. , Mangravite Lara M. , Kunkle Brian W. , Martin Eden R. , Naj Adam C. , Ertekin-Taner Nilüfer , Golde Todd E. , Hood Leroy , Price Nathan D. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Genetics play an important role in late-onset Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) etiology and dozens of genetic variants have been implicated in AD risk through large-scale GWAS meta-analyses. However, the precise mechanistic effects of most of these variants have yet to be determined. Deeply phenotyped cohort data can reveal physiological changes associated with genetic risk for AD across an age spectrum that may provide clues to the biology of the disease.Methods: We utilized over 2000 high-quality quantitative measurements obtained from blood of 2831 cognitively normal adult clients of a consumer-based scientific wellness company, each with CLIA-certified whole-genome sequencing data. Measurements included: clinical laboratory blood tests, targeted chip-based proteomics, and metabolomics. We performed a phenome-wide association study utilizing this diverse blood marker data and 25 known AD genetic variants, adjusting for sex, age, vendor (for clinical labs), and the first four genetic principal components; sex-SNP interactions were also assessed.Results: We observed statistically significant SNP-analyte associations for five genetic variants after correction for multiple testing (for SNPs in or near NYAP1, ABCA7, INPP5D, and APOE), with effects detectable from early adulthood. The ABCA7 SNP and the APOE2 and APOE4 encoding alleles were associated with lipid variability, as seen in previous studies; in addition, six novel proteins were associated with the e2 allele. The most statistically significant finding was between the NYAP1 variant and PILRA and PILRB protein levels, supporting previous functional genomic studies in the identification of a putative causal variant within the PILRA gene. Sex modified the effects of four genetic variants, with multiple interrelated immune-modulating effects associated with the PICALM variant. In post-hoc analysis, sex-stratified GWAS results from an independent AD case-control meta-analysis supported sex-specific disease effects of the PICALM variant, highlighting the importance of sex as a biological variable.Conclusions: Known AD genetic variation influenced lipid metabolism and immune response systems in a population of non-AD individuals, with associations observed from early adulthood onward. Further research is needed to determine whether and how these effects are implicated in early-stage biological pathways to AD. These analyses aim to complement ongoing work on the functional interpretation of AD-associated genetic variants.
Maternal mental health and child nutritional status in an urban slum community in Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Ahad Mahmud 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective: Poor mental health may diminish a mother's capacity to adequately care for her child, resulting in a negative impact on the child’s nutrition. This study aims to determine the association between maternal mental health and child nutritional status in a poor urban population in Bangladesh.Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study among 264 mother-child pairs in an urban slum area of Bangladesh. The Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20) was used to assess maternal mental health. An SRQ-20 score ≥7 was considered a common mental disorder (CMD). Anthropometric measurements were performed to assess child nutritional status.Results: The prevalence of maternal CMD was 46.2%. Maternal CMD was associated with poorer child feeding practice (p<0.001), poorer hygiene practice (p<0.001), poorer preventive care service use (p=0.016) and suffering from diarrheal disease (p=0.049). The prevalence of stunting, wasting and underweight was 44.3%, 18.2% and 33.7%, respectively. Poorer child feeding practice was associated with wasting (p=0.004) and underweight (p<0.001) but not with stunting. Poorer hygiene practice and suffering from diarrheal disease were associated with stunting and underweight but not with wasting. In multivariate analysis, maternal CMD was associated with child wasting (AOR=2.25, 95% CI=1.15-4.43). Association between maternal CMD and child underweight found in bivariate analysis was attenuated and no longer statistically significant after multivariate analysis (AOR=1.77, 95% CI=0.94-3.33). No statistically significant association was observed between maternal CMD and stunting in this study (AOR=1.46, 95% CI=0.84-2.54).Conclusions: Maternal mental health affects child nutritional status through child feeding practice, hygiene practice and preventive care use. Interventions to address the mental health of mothers in child nutrition programs might contribute to improving child nutritional status.
Differential Bumble Bee Gene Expression Associated With Pathogen Infection And Pollen Diet
Authors: Giacomini Jonathan J. , Adler Lynn S. , Reading Benjamin J. , Irwin Rebecca E. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Diet and parasitism can have powerful effects on host gene expression. However, how specific dietary components affect host gene expression that could feed back to affect parasitism is relatively unexplored in many wild species. Recently, it was discovered that consumption of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) pollen reduced severity of gut protozoan pathogen Crithidia bombi infection in Bombus impatiens bumble bees. Despite the dramatic and consistent medicinal effect of sunflower pollen, very little is known about the mechanism(s) underlying this effect. However, sunflower pollen extract increases rather than suppresses C. bombi growth in vitro, suggesting that sunflower pollen reduces C. bombi infection indirectly via changes in the host. Here, we analyzed whole transcriptomes of B. impatiens workers to characterize the physiological response to sunflower pollen consumption and C. bombi infection to isolate the mechanisms underlying the medicinal effect. B. impatiens workers were inoculated with either C. bombi cells (infected) or a sham control (un-infected) and fed either sunflower or wildflower pollen ad libitum. Whole abdominal gene expression profiles were then sequenced with Illumina NextSeq 500 technology. Results: Among infected bees, sunflower pollen upregulated immune transcripts, including the anti-microbial peptide hymenoptaecin, Toll receptors and serine proteases. In both infected and un-infected bees, sunflower pollen upregulated putative detoxification transcripts and transcripts associated with the repair and maintenance of gut epithelial cells. Among wildflower-fed bees, infected bees downregulated immune transcripts associated with phagocytosis and the phenoloxidase cascade. Conclusions: Taken together, these results indicate dissimilar immune responses between sunflower- and wildflower-fed bumble bees infected with C. bombi, a response to physical damage to gut epithelial cells caused by sunflower pollen, and a strong detoxification response to sunflower pollen consumption. Identifying host responses that drive the medicinal effect of sunflower pollen in infected bumble bees may broaden our understanding of plant-pollinator interactions and provide opportunities for effective management of bee pathogens.
Methionine controlled impediment of secondary nucleation leading to nonclassical growth within self-assembled de novo gold nanoparticles
Authors: Sahu Jitendra , Lone Shahbaz , Sadhu Kalyan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The conventional key steps for seed mediated growth of noble metal nanostructures involve classical and nonclassical nucleation. Furthermore, the surface of the seed catalytically enhances the secondary nucleation involving Au+ to Au0reduction, thus providing in-plane growth of seed. In contrast to this well-established growth mechanism, herein we report the unique case of methionine (Met) controlled seed mediated growth reaction, which rather proceeds via impeding secondary nucleation in presence of citrate stabilized gold nanoparticle (AuNP). The interaction between the freshly generated Au+ and thioether group of Met in the medium restricts the secondary nucleation process of further seed catalyzed Au+ reduction to Au0. This incomplete conversion of Au+, as confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), results in a significant enhancement of the zeta (z) potential even at low Met concentration. Nucleation of in situgenerated small-sized particles (nAuNPs) takes place on the parent seed surface followed by their segregation from the seed. Self-assembly process of these nAuNPs arises from the aurophilic interaction among the Au+. Furthermore, the time dependent growth of smaller particles to larger sized particles through assembly and merging within the same self-assembly validates the non-classical growth. This strategy has been successfully extended towards the seed mediated growth reaction of AuNP in presence of three bio-inspired decameric peptides having varying number of Met residues. The study confirms the nucleation strategy even in presence of single Met residue in the peptide and also the self-assembly of nucleated particles with increasing Met residues within the peptide.
Russian Historical Studies in the Church-Public Debate about the Orthodox Parish. 1860-1910s
Authors: Беглов А.Л. 
Published: November 2021

В статье рассматривается участие представителей отечественной исторической и историко-правовой науки в обсуждении «приходского вопроса» в 1860–1910-е гг. Реформа православного прихода в Российской империи была одной из самых остро дискутируемых тем, затрагивавших Церковь, общество и государство. В трудах ученых – П.В. Знаменского, М.М. Богословского, В.М. Верюжского, С.В. Юшкова – была воссоздана картина состояния и развития древнерусского прихода, описаны его место в земском самоуправлении, отношения с епархиальной и царской властью, положение клира. Книга П.В. Знаменского, созвучная с построениями славянофилов, оказала заметное влияние на общество. В начале ХХ в. научное сообщество не было едино в приходском вопросе, что давало возможность представителям разных общественных сил апеллировать к созвучной им позиции ученого или группы ученых.
The article deals with the participation of representatives of the national historical and legal studies in the discussion of the “parish issue” in the 1860–1910s. The reform of the Orthodox parish in the Russian Empire was one of the most acutely debated topics, which affected the Church, society and the state. The author concludes that scholars were prominent in these discussions. In the works of P.V. Znamensky, M.M. Bogoslovsky, V.M. Veryuzhsky, S.V. Yushkov the picture was re-established of the status and development of the old Russian parish described as well as its place in the zemstvo self-government, the relationship with the diocesan and the Royal power, the situation of the clergy. P.V. Znamensky’s book was in tune with the Slavophiles ideas and had a significant impact on the press. In the early twentieth century, the scholarly community (especially the lawyers and canonists) itself was not united in the question of the parish issue. This gave an opportunity to representatives of different social forces to appeal to the position of a scholar (or a group of scholars), whose views were in tune with their public interests.
"Mongols" and "Jewish capital" Мersus the "White Еsar": Russian Officers Inventing the Program of "Patriotic" Propaganda
Authors: Фомин А.Ю. 
Published: November 2021

Рассматриваются идейные поиски историка-любителя полковника Ф.И. Сурина и его единомышленников в контексте идеологического противостояния противникам самодержавия в период Первой русской революции и «думской монархии». Особое внимание уделяется их общим представлениям о роли России в мировом историческом процессе и текущих политических задачах российского государства.
The article deals with the intellectual speculations of an amateur historian colonel F. I. Surin and some of his fellow-thinkers in the context of ideological struggle against the opponents of Russian autocracy during the period of the First Russian Revolution and the “Duma monarchy”. Their perceptions of the Russia’s role in the global historical process and current political goals of Russian state are primarily taken into account.
A.I. Khatisov. “The Russian Revolution and the creation of the Republic of Armenia in the Caucasus region, 1917–1918” (Continuation)
Authors: Амбарцумян К.Р. 
Published: November 2021

Публикуемый отрывок из сочинения А.И. Хатисова (ГАРФ Ф. Р5881. Оп. 1. Д. 524) является продолжением уже изданного начала воспоминаний[2]о революции 1917 г. и ее последствиях как для Армении, так и всего Закавказья.
A publication of a fragment from the work by Alexandr Ivanovich Khatisov (1874–1945) is a continuation of the already published beginning of memoirs about the 1917 revolution and its consequences both for Armenia and the entire Transcaucasia.
"Practical Dialectics", or the Laws of History and the Sovereign Power of the Paradox
Authors: Кобылин И.И. 
Published: November 2021

Статья посвящена анализу предложенного А.Л. Юргановым генезиса сталинской «практической диалектики». Отталкиваясь от полемики «механистов» и «диалектиков», Юрганов прослеживает становление такой диалектической структуры, где решающее значение имеет суверенная воля модератора. «Борьба на два фронта» – это логическая машина, которая всегда обеспечивает выигрыш тому, кто ее запускает. В статье эта «машина модерации» сопоставляется, с одной стороны, с размышлениями Карла Шмитта и Джорджо Агамбена о суверенитете и чрезвычайном положении, а с другой – с идеей Бориса Гройса о советской власти как о торжестве «медиума языка» над «медиумом денег». В финале намечается дальнейшая перспектива исследования роли этой машины в позднесоветских условиях.
The article is devoted to the analysis of the conception of the genesis of Stalin's "practical dialectics" proposed by A.L. Yurganov. Starting from the polemics of "mechanists" and "dialecticians", Yurganov traces the formation of such a dialectical structure, where the sovereign will of the moderator is of decisive importance. A “fight on two fronts” is a logical machine that always wins for the one who launches it. The article compares this "moderation machine", on the one hand, with the thoughts of Carl Schmitt and Giorgio Agamben about sovereignty and a state of emergency, and on the other, with Boris Groys's idea of Soviet power as the triumph of the "medium of language" over the "medium of money." In the finale, a further perspective is outlined for researching the role of this machine in late Soviet conditions.
Understanding the NEEDS for ACTING: An integrated framework for applying nature-based solutions in Brazil
Authors: Alves Priscila Barros Ramalho , Djordjević Slobodan , Javadi Akbar A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Nature-based solutions (NBS) support the provision of multiple benefits for the environment and society. First idealised in 2008, NBS are recommended by worldwide reports and guidelines as strategies to protect, sustainably manage and restore ecosystems. However, their operationalisation is still in the early stages, especially in developing countries, and only a few studies consider their full potential. This article contributes to this context by developing an integrated framework, with spatial and participatory tools, for analysing flood risk mitigation in Brazil. The approach enables a deep understanding of the societal challenges and vulnerabilities of the area (i.e., NEEDS) for subsequently planning the appropriate NBS (i.e., ACTIONS), with the participation of 255 stakeholders of Campina Grande municipality. Results show mappings of flood-prone areas, in which approximately 52% of the flooded areas will see an increase in the future. Hotspots (i.e., hazard, vulnerability, and exposure) are shown and discussed with four application cases. Finally, multiple benefits of seven NBS alternatives are analysed in 53 scenarios of application, in which the higher rates of reductions are found to combined alternatives. The discussion emphasizes the importance of spatially assessing the ‘needs’ and ‘multiple benefits’ of NBS, including reducing vulnerabilities and increment of resilience.
Dehydrocholesterol Reductase 24 (DHCR24): Medicinal Chemistry,
Pharmacology and Novel Therapeutic Options
Authors: Müller Christoph , Hank Emily , Giera Martin , Bracher Franz 
Published: November 2021

:
During the last decade, the understanding of the biological functions of cholesterol
biosynthesis intermediates has changed significantly. Particularly, the enzyme sterol
dehydrocholesterol reductase 24 (DHCR24) has taken center stage as a potential drug target.
Inhibition of DHCR24 leads to accumulation of the endogenous, biologically active
metabolite cholesta-5,24-dien-3β-ol (desmosterol). Desmosterol is an endogenous agonist
of the liver X receptor (LXR). LXR is a master regulator of lipid metabolism and, as such,
is involved in numerous pathophysiological processes such as inflammation, atherosclerosis,
cancer, diabetes mellitus (DM), multiple sclerosis (MS), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
(NASH), and the progression of viral infections. Up to now, selective pharmacological
targeting of LXR without activating the sterol-response element binding proteins
(SREBP) and thereby boosting endogenous lipid biosynthesis has not been achieved. In
turn, no selective LXR receptor agonists leveraging its beneficial activation have yet
reached the clinic. Therefore, using potent and selective inhibitors of DHCR24 leading to
an accumulation of endogenous desmosterol is a promising alternative strategy for the selective
activation of LXR.
Here we summarize the present landscape of novel lead structures for targeting DHCR24,
covering steroidal enzyme inhibitors (e.g., 20,25-diazacholesterol, SH42) as well as nonsteroidal
scaffolds (e.g., amiodarone, triparanol). Further, we explain the molecular mechanisms
of DHCR24 inhibition/LXR activation, discuss possible therapeutic applications,
and underpin why DHCR24 is an upcoming promising drug target.
Prospective for Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Himasa Faiza Idris , Singhal Manmohan , Ojha Abhijeet , Kumar Bhavna 
Published: November 2021

Abstract:
Diabetic retinopathy is a posterior eye disorder in which damage occurs to the light sensitive retina
due to diabetes mellitus. This disorder specifically affects people aged between 18-64 with type ІІ diabetes.
This disease progresses through different pathophysiological pathways, which include oxidative stress, inflammation,
stimulation of the growth factor in the eye’s vasculature, isoforms of protein kinase C, and also the activation
of the hexosamine pathway. It starts as micro aneurysms and advances in complicated stage, which results
in retinal detachment. Treatment of posterior eye diseases has complications due to the structural design of
the eye and physiological barriers present. The current treatment approach involves the use of intravitreal anti-
VEGFs, corticosteroids implants, laser and surgery; these treatment methods have drawbacks attributed to
them despite their benefits. The development of a robust delivery system with minimal or no invasion to tackle
the issues of diabetic retinopathy will be of considerable benefit to patients having diabetic retinopathy; the dependency
on ophthalmologists for multiple injections will significantly reduce and provide a promising approach
in drug delivery. In this review article, the authors provided information related to existing treatment
methods available for diabetic retinopathy, the most significant among which is nanotechnology approach
through which local delivery via the ocular route to posterior eye can be achieved. It also possesses the various
carriers studied for the non-invasive approach for retinal delivery of medicaments. Non-invasive approach for
delivery of drugs can be considered as potential for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.