bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Μετανάστευση, Πρόσφυγες και Ανθρώπινα Δικαιώματα
Authors: Mouroutsos Ioannis 
Published: March 2021

Σε αυτό το άρθρο παρουσιάζεται η λειτουργία και εφαρμογή του Ευρωπαϊκού προγράμματος HELIOS στην Ελλάδα το οποίο επικεντρώνεται στους πρόσφυγες και μετανάστες. Επίσης, αναλύεται ο τρόπος υλοποίησης του προγράμματος και οι δράσεις στον τομέα της στέγασης, της εκπαίδευσης και της εγκατάστασης των προσφύγων στις τοπικές κοινωνίες. Ταυτόχρονα, επισημαίνεται ο ρόλος της τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης στην εφαρμογή του προγράμματος HELIOS, καθώς και η περαιτέρω ανάληψη πρωτοβουλιών από την Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση για την εύρυθμη εγκατάσταση και διαβίωση των μεταναστών και των προσφύγων στις τοπικές κοινωνίες.
Associations between memory loss and trauma in US asylum seekers: A retrospective review of medico-legal affidavits
Authors: Saadi Altaf , Hampton Kathryn , de Assis Maria Vassimon , Mishori Ranit , Habbach Hajar , Haar Rohini J. 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundThe U.S. immigration system mandates that persons seeking asylum prove their persecution claim is credible and their fear of returning home is well-founded. However, this population represents a highly trauma-exposed group, with neuropsychiatric symptoms consequent to prior torture or maltreatment that may interfere with cognitive function and their ability to recall their trauma. These memory lapses may be incorrectly perceived by asylum adjudicators as indicators of dishonesty and jeopardize the person’s credibility and asylum claim. Our retrospective mixed methods study seeks to present associations between trauma and memory loss in a sample of persons seeking asylum to the U.S. and describe how memory impairments manifest in this trauma-exposed population.MethodsWe randomly selected 200 medico-legal affidavits from 1346 affidavits collected in the past 30 years, as part of the Physicians for Human Rights Asylum Network connecting clinicians with legal providers for medical and/or psychiatric affidavits of U.S. asylum seekers and persons seeking other forms of humanitarian relief (hereafter, “asylum seekers”). Data was extracted from these affidavits using a coding manual informed by the Istanbul Protocol, the global standard for torture documentation. Seven affidavits were excluded due to missing age. We used multiple logistic regression to assess the association of memory loss with neuropsychiatric diagnoses: head trauma, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression. We supplemented these findings with a qualitative content analysis of the affidavits documenting memory loss. Memory loss presented among the asylum seekers’ affidavits in several ways: memory gaps of the traumatic event; challenges with presenting a clear chronology of the trauma, avoidance of traumatic memories, and persistent short-term memory loss interfering with daily activity.ResultsA majority of the sample received a neuropsychiatric diagnosis: 69% (n = 132) of asylum-seekers received a diagnosis of PTSD and 55% (n = 106) of depression. Head trauma was reported among 30% (n = 58) of affidavits. Further, 68% (n = 131) reported being subject to physical violence and 20% (n = 39) were documented as being at risk of suicide. Memory loss was documented among 21% (n = 40) asylum-seekers. In adjusted models, both PTSD and depression, but not head trauma, were associated with memory loss (p<0.05).ConclusionStakeholders in the asylum process, spanning the medical, legal and immigration enforcement sectors, must be aware of the interplay of trauma and memory loss and how they might impact immigration proceedings for this vulnerable population.
Continuous 24-hour measurement of intraocular pressure in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) using a novel contact lens sensor: Comparison with pneumatonometry
Authors: Gillmann Kevin , Wasilewicz Robert , Hoskens Kirsten , Simon-Zoula Sonja , Mansouri Kaweh 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
To address the unmet need of continuous IOP monitoring, a Pressure-Measuring Contact Lens (PMCL) was developed to measure IOP in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) continuously over 24 hours. The present study assessed the reliability of the novel PMCL.

Methods
In this prospective open-label clinical study, healthy and open-angle glaucoma (OAG) subjects were fitted with the PMCL, and pneumatonometry was performed on study eyes (in absence of the PMCL) and on fellow eyes before, during, and after provocative tests. The primary outcome measures were (1) mean IOP difference between same-eye measurements, and (2) percentage of timepoints at which IOP measured by the PMCL was within 5 mmHg of that measured by pneumatonometry in the fellow eye.

Results
Eight subjects were analysed (4 healthy, 4 OAG). The average difference in successive IOP measurements made by pneumatonometry and with the PMCL was 2.0±4.3mmHg at placement-time, and 6.5±15.2mmHg at removal time. During water drinking test, a significant increase in IOP was detected both by PMCL in the study eye (2.4±2.5mmHg, p = 0.03) and by pneumatonometry in the fellow eye (1.9±1.9mmHg, p = 0.02). Over the 24-hour recording, 88.0% of IOP variations measured by the PMCL were within 5mmHg of that measured with the pneumatonometer in the fellow eye. A transient corneal erosion of severe intensity was observed following removal of the PMCL on one single eye, and may have affected measurement accuracy in that eye.

Conclusions
This study is a proof-of-concept for this novel PMCL, and its results are encouraging, with a fair accuracy in IOP values measurement and good sensitivity to subtle IOP variations.
Identification of clinically-useful cut scores of the Traumatic Injuries Distress Scale (TIDS) for predicting rate of recovery following musculoskeletal trauma
Authors: Walton David M. , Elliott James M. , Lee Joshua , Fakhereddin Mohamad , Seo Wonjin 
Published: March 2021

Objective
The Traumatic Injuries Distress Scale (TIDS) is a 12-item self-report tool intended for prognostic risk phenotyping in people with acute musculoskeletal (MSK) trauma. The initial validation study showed good associations with outcomes 12 weeks later in a cohort of 72 acutely injured patients from one region in Canada. This study aims to provide further clinical utility through identification of meaningful cut scores in a larger, mixed geography sample, and expands the prediction window from 12 to 52 weeks.

Methods
Data were drawn from databanks in London, Canada and Chicago, United States. Participants were recruited within 3 weeks of non-catastrophic MSK trauma and followed for 12 months. Using outcomes trajectories, the TIDS underwent linear regression-based analysis to predict 52-week outcomes, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curves to identify discriminative accuracy and meaningful cut scores.

Results
N = 224 participants with acute trauma were followed and both %Interference and Pain Severity were captured at intake and 3 follow-ups to establish curvilinear recovery trajectories. The TIDS explained significant variance in both the interference and severity outcomes after controlling for sex, region of injury, and baseline scores. ROC analysis revealed significant discriminative accuracy for predicting both the trajectories and the distal outcomes over 52 weeks. The TIDS was more accurate for identifying the low-risk than high-risk patients.

Conclusion
The TIDS is a useful tool for ‘ruling out’ high risk of poor outcome in a mixed sample of participants from two different countries.

Impact statement
The TIDS will be a useful tool for clinicians to predict the rate of recovery by displaying meaningful cut-scores for their patients after an acute musculoskeletal injury. This could lead to reduced burden of care for low risk patients and more informed treatment options for higher risk patients.
Associating the biomarkers of ocular blood flow with lamina cribrosa parameters in normotensive glaucoma suspects. Comparison to glaucoma patients and healthy controls
Authors: Krzyżanowska-Berkowska Patrycja , Czajor Karolina , Iskander D. Robert 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
To evaluate association between ocular blood flow biomarkers and lamina cribrosa parameters in normotensive glaucoma suspects compared to glaucoma patients and healthy controls.

Methods
A total of 211 subjects (72 normotensive glaucoma suspects, 70 with primary open-angle glaucoma and 69 controls) were included. Ocular blood flow biomarkers in ophthalmic artery, central retinal artery, as well as in nasal and temporal short posterior ciliary arteries were measured using colour Doppler imaging. Lamina cribrosa position was assessed by measuring its depth, deflection depth, lamina cribrosa shape index and its horizontal equivalent (LCSIH) on B-scan images obtained using optical coherence tomography.

Results
Ocular blood flow biomarkers in glaucoma patients were statistically significantly reduced when compared to healthy controls in peak systolic velocity (PSV) (P = 0.001 in ophthalmic artery and P<0.001 in central retinal artery) and mean flow velocity (Vm) (P = 0.008 in ophthalmic artery and P = 0.008 in central retinal artery), but not statistically significantly different to that of glaucoma suspects except for PSV in central retinal artery (P = 0.011). Statistically significant correlations corrected for age, central corneal thickness and intraocular pressure were found in glaucoma patients between LCSIH and end diastolic velocity of central retinal artery (P = 0.011), and of nasal short posterior ciliary artery (P = 0.028), and between LCSIH and Vm of central retinal artery (P = 0.011) and of nasal short posterior ciliary artery (P = 0.007). No significant correlations were observed between these parameters in glaucoma suspects and healthy controls.

Conclusions
Impaired ocular blood flow associated with the deformation of lamina cribrosa was found in glaucoma patients, whereas glaucoma suspects had similar lamina cribrosa shape to glaucoma patients but that deformation was not associated with ocular blood flow biomarkers.
Thermal Conductivity of High Performance Concrete in Wide Temperature and Moisture Ranges
Authors: Toman J. , Černý R. 
Published: March 2021

The thermal conductivity of two types of high performance concrete was measured in the temperature range from 100 °C to 800 °C and in the moisture range from dry material to saturation water content. A transient measuring method based on analysis of the measured temperature fields was chosen for the high temperature measurements, and a commercial hot wire device was employed in room temperature measurements of the effect of moisture on thermal conductivity. The measured results reveal that both temperature and moisture exhibit significant effects on the values of thermal conductivity, and these effects are quite comparable from the point of view of the magnitude of the observed variations.
Accuracy of Determining Stress Intensity Factors in Some Numerical Programs
Authors: Vorel M. , Leidich E. 
Published: March 2021

At present, there are many programs for numerical analysis of cracks, in particular for determining stress intensity factors. Analyses of a single-edge cracked beam and flat plate with a semielliptical surface crack are presented in this study to examine the accuracy and applicability of the Franc2d and Franc3d programs. Further numerical computations of the MARC program and analytical solutions of stress intensity factors were included to compare the results with each other. For this purpose MARC was equipped with special user procedures. The influence of mesh fineness on the results was also investigated in all programs. The distributions of the stress intensity factors show good agreement in quality. The maximum deviations from the analytical solutions are 9.7 %. With greater numbers of elements programs Franc2d and Franc3d showed some instability, which currently reduces the usefulness and reliability of these promising tools for engineering applications.
Analysis of a Thermal Plasma Diamond CVD System
Authors: Kolman D. 
Published: March 2021

This paper deals with the analysis of a typical engineering system utilizing thermal plasma - a system for Diamond Chemical Vapor Deposition. It defines the system - a slightly overexpanded plasma jet impinging at a downstream -located substrate, outlines the theoretical description of the system - the Navier-Stokes and species conservation equations, and presents key theoretical results on the major and most troublesome factors influencing diamond deposition - velocity and temperature of the jet. Then, the paper demostrates the necessity to shift from a laminar to a turbulent flow description and compares both results to experiments. An explanation of the remaining discrepancy - insufficient velocity drop in the jet - is attempted.
A Geothermal Energy Supported Gas-steam Cogeneration Unit as a Possible Replacement for the Old Part of a Municipal CHP Plant (TEKO)
Authors: Böszörményi L. , Böszörményi G. 
Published: March 2021

The need for more intensive utilization of local renewable energy sources is indisputable. Under the current economic circumstances their competitiveness in comparison with fossil fuels is rather low, if we do not take into account environmental considerations. Integrating geothermal sources into combined heat and power production in a municipal CHP plant would be an excellent solution to this problem. This concept could lead to an innovative type of power plant - a gas-steam cycle based, geothermal energy supported cogeneration unit.
Parasitic Events in Envelope Analysis
Authors: Doubek J. , Kreidl M. 
Published: March 2021

Envelope analysis allows fast fault location of individual gearboxes and parts of bearings by repetition frequency determination of the mechanical catch of an amplitude-modulated signal. Systematic faults arise when using envelope analysis on a signal with strong changes. The source of these events is the range of function definition of used in convolution integral definition. This integral is used for Hilbert image calculation of analyzed signal. Overshoots (almost similar to Gibbs events on a synthetic signal using the Fourier series) are result from these faults. Overshoots are caused by parasitic spectral lines in the frequency domain, which can produce faulty diagnostic analysis.This paper describes systematic arising during faults rising by signal numerical calculation using envelope analysis with Hilbert transform. It goes on to offer a mathematical analysis of these systematic faults.
A General Approach to Study the Reliability of Complex Systems
Authors: Repici G. M. , Sorniotti A. 
Published: March 2021

In recent years new complex systems have been developed in the automotive field to increase safety and comfort. These systems integrate hardware and software to guarantee the best results in vehicle handling and make products competitive on the market.However, the increase in technical details and the utilization and integration of these complicated systems require a high level of dynamic control system reliability. In order to improve this fundamental characteristic methods can be extracted from methods used in the aeronautical field to deal with reliability and these can be integrated into one simplified method for application in the automotive field.Firstly, as a case study, we decided to analyse VDC (the Vehicle Dynamics Control system) by defining a possible approach to reliability techniques. A VDC Fault Tree Analysis represents the first step in this activity: FTA enables us to recognize the critical components in all possible working conditions of a car, including cranking, during 'key-on'-'key-off ' phases, which is particularly critical for the electrical on-board system (because of voltage reduction).By associating FA (Functional Analysis) and FTA results with a good FFA (Functional Failure Analysis), it is possible to define the best architecture for the general system to achieve the aim of a high reliability structure.The paper will show some preliminary results from the application of this methodology, taken from various typical handling conditions from well established test procedures for vehicles.
The Effect of Pedestrian Traffic on the Dynamic Behavior of Footbridges
Authors: Studničková M. 
Published: March 2021

The dynamic response of a footbridge depends namely on the natural frequencies of the structure in vertical, in horizontal and in torsion. If any of the frequencies in vertical is in the range 1.0 Hz to 3.0 Hz, the dynamic response from moving people can be significant. In this case it is necessary to calculate vibrations taking into account both serviceability and ultimate limit states. The same problem arises when any of the frequencies in horizontal (transversal) or in torsion are in the range 0.5 Hz to 1.5 Hz. Such frequencies haveare found namely in footbridges with larger spans or cable-stayed and suspension footbridges.A unique cable-stayed footbridge with prestressed concrete was dynamically analyzed and the dynamic response to simulated pedestrian loading was calculated. The calculated effects were compared with the pedestrian comfort criteria for serviceability limit states. These criteria are defined in terms of maximum acceptable acceleration of the bridge deck.
Personal Dosimetry Enhancement for Underground Workplaces
Authors: Thinová L. , Fronka A. , Milka D. 
Published: March 2021

Personal dosimetry for underground workers mainly concerns measurement of the concentration of radon (and its daughters) and the correct application of the data in dose calculation, using a biokinetic model for lung dosimetry. A conservative approach for estimating the potential dose in caves (or underground) is based on solid state alpha track detector measurements. The obtained dataset is converted into an annual effective dose in agreement with the ICRP recommendations using the “cave factor”, the value of which depends on the spectrum of aerosol particles, or on the proportional representation of the unattached and the attached fraction and on the equilibrium factor. The main difference between apartments and caves is the absence of aerosol sources, high humidity, low ventilation rate and the uneven surface in caves. A more precisely determined dose value would have a significant impact on radon remedies or on restricting the time workers stay underground. In order to determine how the effective dose is calculated, it is necessary to divide these areas into distinct categories by the following measuring procedures: continual radon measurement (to capture the differences in EERC between working hours and night-time, and also between daily and seasonal radon concentration variations); regular measurements of radon and its daughters to estimate the equilibrium factor and the presence of 218Po; regular indoor air flow measurements to study the location of the radon supply and its transfer among individual areas of the cave; natural radioactive element content evaluation in subsoils and in water inside/outside, a study of the radon sources in the cave; aerosol particle-size spectrum measurements to determine the free fraction; monitoring the behaviour of guides and workers to record the actual time spent in the cave, in relation to the continuously monitored levels of Rn concentration.
Effects of COVID-19 outbreak on the sound environment of the city of Milan, Italy
Authors: Zambon Giovanni , Confalonieri Chiara , Angelini Fabio , Benocci Roberto 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we present the results of the noise monitoring in the urban area of Milan, Italy, associated with COVID-19 outbreak. In order to limit the diffusion of the pandemic, Italy adopted growing levels of restrictive measures, which ended with a 41-day lockdown from March 23 to May 3 2020. This action created a new kind of environment including a remarkable reduction of air, water and soil pollutants, together with a partial recovery of the ecosystems otherwise compromised. The presence of a permanent noise monitoring system made of 24 sensors installed in the city of Milan, allowed capturing the changes in the urban sound environment in a pre, during and post-lockdown period (months from February to June 2020). The comparison of the noise levels in terms of both absolute noise levels (Lden) and hourly noise profiles (median over lockdown period) with the same period of 2019, showed a dramatic reduction of the noise levels of approximately 6 dB. Splitting the contribution of all-non-traffic noises or anomalous noise events (ANE) from the recorded noise levels, we observe a greater contribution of the latter during the lockdown period. The use of DYNAMAP noise prediction system over an extended urban area allowed the evaluation of the population exposure to noise, estimating an increase of 14.9% and 16.4% of the exposed population to noises with Lden below 53 dB(A) and Lnight below 45 dB(A) with respect to 2019.
Konzeptionelle Vorstudien in der Fabrikplanung
Authors: Erlach Klaus , Berchtold Marc-André , Gessert Stephan , Kaucher Christian , Leipoldt Christoph , Ungern-Sternberg Roman 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Vorstudien im Sinne des Systems Engineering (SE) eignen sich zur Bewertung der Machbarkeit und Entwicklung eines Rahmenkonzepts für große Investitionsprojekte. Trotz der hohen Relevanz für die Fabrikplanung fehlt in der Fachliteratur eine systematische Beschreibung einer geeigneten Vorgehensweise. Aufbauend auf dem Problemlösungszyklus des SE wird eine Vorgehensweise zur fachlichen Machbarkeitsprüfung von wandlungsfähigen, wertstromorientierten Fabriken vorgestellt – das Rapid Plant Planning.*