bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonoperative Management of Pretibial Lacerations in a Nurse-Led Clinic: An Observational Study
Authors: Kosasih Sebastian , Ramsay Dana , Corriero Anna , Shahid Shahab , Whitehouse Kevin , Miranda Ben H. 
Published: December 2024

In our tertiary plastic surgery center, patients with wounds that will not be treated surgically, including complex pretibial wounds, that would traditionally have been managed operatively are managed on an outpatient basis in a nurse-led pretibial laceration clinic. We conducted a study to investigate dressing usage and assess correlators with healing time or number of appointments. We collected data regarding dressings used, time to discharge, and number of appointments retrospectively over 14 months between 2019 and 2021. We analyzed the data using linear regression and set the significance at p < .05. We accepted 138 patients for review and dressing management including 76 patients who had been discharged from the clinic at the time of data collection. The median age was 80 years (interquartile range [IQR] 14, 73-87). Time to discharge ranged from 0 to 201 days (median 24.5, IQR 68.5). The number of appointments ranged from 1 to 19 (median 3, IQR 7.25). Linear regression indicated that the number of different types of dressings used was statistically correlated with time to discharge (R
2 = 0.230, F(1,74) = 22.1, p < .005). Similarly, the correlation between the number of dressings used and the number of total appointments was also statistically significant (R
2 = 0.246, F(1,74) = 24.1, p < .005). In patients with conservatively managed pretibial lacerations, the total number of different dressings used (as a surrogate marker for wound complexity
) is predictive of the time the patient spends in follow-up and the total number of hospital contacts. These data may be used to help understand when conservatively managed pretibial lacerations may require more intensive intervention.
A Virtual Music Mindfulness Tool for Individuals of African descent during COVID-19
Authors: Igbinobaro Eghosa , Watts Amanda , Oshodi Oluwatofunmi , Emile Myrline Cleo , Soumare Aldwin , Takyi Percy , Haida Thema , Washington Hanifa , Allsop AZA Stephen 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMental health disparities result from complex factors, including differential diagnoses, lack of access to standard mental health treatments, and inconsistent application of treatments when care is accessed. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated these disparities as marginalized groups had less access to testing and care while having higher infection rates. Community-based forms of care, such as music and mindfulness, are affordable and accessible options that can potentially address present mental health disparities. Specifically, music and mindfulness tools can be delivered virtually and are effective means for treating stress-related conditions. However, previous studies measuring the impact of music and mindfulness on stress-related conditions lack representation of people of African descent (PADs) and other marginalized communities. Among many reasons, bias and mistrust in recruitment strategies contribute to the lack of representation in these research studies. In this pilot study, we tested the feasibility of PAD recruitment in a virtual community-based music mindfulness research study and measured the impact of participation on perceived stress. Participants (14) with diagnosed anxiety were enrolled in an 8-week virtual music mindfulness program. We found a significant correlation between time engaged in our music mindfulness platform and lower perceived stress. Future work will evaluate the adoption and efficacy of these virtual strategies in communities when combined with and replacing standard interventions.
Food Quality Scores and Nutrient Ratios Correlate with Healthier Weight and Blood Pressure in a Representative US Cohort
Authors: Damman Christopher J. , Frankenfeld Cara L. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundObesity is on the rise, driven in part by changing patterns in food consumption. Nutrient profiling systems (NPSs) aim to guide healthier food choices through labeling and consumer facing technologies that highlight food quality.ObjectivesThis study compares four leading NPSs—Nutri-Score (NS), Health Star (HS), NOVA Classification (NC), Food Compass 2.0 (FC) – with nutrient ratios and a nutrient-ratio-based NPS, Nutrient Consume Score (NCS), for their associations with obesity and blood pressure in the U.S. population using NHANES data.MethodsNHANES (2015–2016) was analyzed for adults aged 20 and older. Dietary intake was assessed via 24-hour recalls, and NPS scores were calculated. Multivariable regression models adjusted for lifestyle factors were used to assess associations with obesity and blood pressure measures.ResultsAll NPSs and nutrient ratios were significantly correlated with healthier weight and showed variable associations with blood pressure. Incorporating alcohol and adjusting for bioactives in a ratio-based NPS improved its association with weight outcomes. The food categories contributing to high and low scores were largely consistent across NPSs.ConclusionsThe NPSs and nutrient ratios evaluated were significantly associated with obesity and blood pressure measures. Intervention studies offering real-time NPS feedback on individual food choices are needed next to evaluate for causal impact of NPSs on metabolic health.
Exploring RSV transmission patterns in different age groups in the United States
Authors: Li Ke , Pitzer Virginia E. , Weinberger Daniel M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections are a significant public health concern for pediatric populations and older adults, with seasonal winter outbreaks in the United States (US). Little is known about the timing of RSV epidemics across age groups and the relative contribution of within-group and between-group transmission of RSV in each age group. The lack of understanding of age-specific RSV transmission patterns limits our ability to inform vaccination policies. In this study, we examine the timing and transmission patterns of RSV epidemics across different age groups in 12 US states from 2018 to 2024. We found that infants under 1 year and young children aged 1–4 years experienced the earliest epidemic timing, while the elderly group had the latest. Using a semi-mechanistic age-structured spatiotemporal model, we further showed that between-group transmission greatly contributes (>50%) to the burden of RSV hospitalizations for children under 1, school-age children aged 5-17, and adults aged 18-64. By contrast, incidence in the elderly group (above 65 years) was primarily driven by transmission within the age group. Our findings indicate that distinct age groups play unique roles in propagating RSV epidemics in the US, with age-specific transmission patterns that can guide more effective RSV vaccination policies.
Negative Impact of Cenobamate on Cognition: Dose-Dependent and Independent Effects
Authors: Witt Juri-Alexander , Badr Mostafa , Surges Rainer , von Wrede Randi , Helmstaedter Christoph 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundStudies on Cenobamate (CNB) have generally reported neutral to positive effects on objective cognitive performance in patients with epilepsy, but are limited to dosages up to 250 mg/day. However, a case report (Witt et al.,Neurocase, 2024) noted severe memory deterioration at 400 mg/day.ObjectiveTo examine dose-dependent effects of CNB on cognition.MethodsIn this retrospective longitudinal study, executive functions (EpiTrack®) and episodic memory were assessed in patients with epilepsy during CNB therapy and compared to baseline. Subgroups were stratified by daily CNB doses of ≥300 mg versus <300 mg.ResultsThe study included 84 patients. With a mean CNB dose 200.6 ± 114.3 mg (range: 12.5-400.0 mg; 28.6% ≥300 mg) seizure freedom was achieved in 10.7%. Repeated measures ANCOVA revealed a significant decline in executive functions at ≥300 mg (n=84; F = 6.35, p = 0.014). Changes were correlated with CNB dose (r = −0.31, p = 0.004). Significant individual declines according to reliable change indices occurred in 50.0% of patients on higher versus 16.7% on lower CNB doses. In a subgroup undergoing extensive memory testing, verbal retention showed a significant negative, dose-independent effect (n=22; F = 7.95, p = 0.011), with intraindividual declines in 28.6% (≥300 mg) versus 13.3% (<300 mg). Other memory parameters were unaffected.ConclusionIn the largest longitudinal study to date, higher CNB doses were linked to deterioration in executive functions, while a decline in verbal retention appeared dose-independent. These findings need to be confirmed by systematic studies.
Risk assessment of 2024 cattle H5N1 using age-stratified serosurveillance data
Authors: Chen Lin-Lei , Zhang Xiaojuan , Zhang Kang , Chan Brian Pui-Chun , Yuk Yuen Jacqueline Kwan , Yuen Kwok-Yung , Wang Pui , Yang Yuhe R. , Chen Honglin , To Kelvin Kai-Wang 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe highly pathogenic avian influenza virus A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b has caused a human outbreak in North America since March 2024. Here, we conducted a serosurveillance study to determine the risk of A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b (2024 cattle H5N1) to general population. In the initial screening of 180 serum specimens encompassing all age groups, 2.2% (4/180) had detectable neutralizing antibody (nAb) titers against 2024 cattle H5N1, with all collected from older adults aged ≥60 years old. Further screening showed that 5.0% (15/300) of adults aged ≥70 years old had detectable nAb titers against the 2024 cattle H5N1. All serum specimens with nAb titer of ≥40 had detectable HI titer, and there was a positive correlation between nAb titer and HA binding (r=0.3311, 95% confidence interval 0.2264 to 0.4283; P<0.0001). The nAb titer against seasonal H1N1 virus was 3.9-fold higher for patients with detectable H5N1 nAb than those without (geometric mean titer: 108.5 [95% CI 56.3-209.1] vs 27.9 [95% CI 21.0-37.0], P=0.0039), but there was no statistically significant difference between H5N1 and H3N2 nAb titer. There was no difference in demographics, comorbidities and clinical frailty scores between individuals with detectable H5N1 nAb and those without. Our findings suggest that most individuals lack nAb response against 2024 cattle H5N1 and there is an urgency to develop and evaluate H5N1 vaccine or prophylactic monoclonal antibodies. Immune imprinting may be responsible for the cross neutralization between H5N1 and H1N1 among older adults.
Monitoring COVID-19 Occurrence in a Resource-limited Setting – COVID-19 Sentinel Surveillance in Malawi
Authors: Ulaya Godwin , Kabaghe Alinune , Saussier Christel , MacLachlan Ellen , Smith-Sreen Joshua , Katumbi Chaplain , Bello George , Tafatatha Terence , Chaponda Limbikani , Mvula Bernard , Kagoli Matthews , Chilima Benson , Bitilinyu-Bangoh Joseph , Chisuwo Laphiod , Babaye Yusuf , Chitenje Moses , Bighignoli Barbara , Bangara Fred , Namakhoma Ireen , Chauma-Mwale Annie , O’Malley Gabrielle , Mirkovic Kelsey , Wadonda-Kabondo Nellie 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe routine COVID-19 surveillance in Malawi that relied on retrospective reporting could not efficiently steer timely measures to the rapidly evolving pandemic. To monitor real-time changes in infections and inform the COVID-19 response, we implemented an active sentinel surveillance system from July to December 2022. SARS-CoV-2 symptomatic and asymptomatic patients in selected health facilities (HFs) and anyone aged ≥5 years entering at Point of Entry (PoEs) sites were eligible to participate. Self-reported epidemiological and clinical data, and nasopharyngeal specimens were collected from 9,305 participants. A higher overall SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positivity rate was observed at HFs, 8.9% among symptomatic and 6.5% among asymptomatic patients, versus 3.5% at PoEs. The positivity trends among symptomatic and asymptomatic patient groups showed a similar pattern throughout the period. This active surveillance complemented routine surveillance, especially during a low incidence period and highlighted the need to target both symptomatic and asymptomatic population.
Investigation of an ongoing outbreak of ceftriaxone-resistantSalmonella entericaserovar Typhi in Bangladesh
Authors: Hooda Yogesh , Tanmoy Arif Mohammad , Nath Sudipta Deb , Jui Anannya Barman , Amin Al , Rahman Hafizur , Shorkar Neoyman Nasir , Kanon Naito , Rahman Md Asadur , Garrett Denise O , Islam Mohammad Shahidul , Ahmed ASM Nawshad Uddin , Saha Samir K , Saha Senjuti 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe report an outbreak of ceftriaxone-resistantSalmonellaTyphi in Bangladesh, with 47 cases identified from April-September 2024. Isolates belong to genotype 4.3.1.2 and harbor theblaCTX- M-15gene on the pCROB1 plasmid. This unique genotype-plasmid lineage represents a recent introduction, necessitating enhanced surveillance, antimicrobial stewardship, and consideration of vaccination strategies.
The association between suicidal ideation with future suicide attempts and service utilization: a population cohort study in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Chan C. , Wodchis W. , Kurdyak P. , Donnelly P. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundFew studies examine suicidal ideation and its relationship with suicide attempts and health service use using a community sample.ObjectiveTo examine the association between suicidal ideation with (i) future mental health service use, and (ii) future suicide attempts, in a general population sample.MethodsUsing the 2002 and 2012 Canadian Community Health Surveys – Mental Health cycles linked with health administrative data, this study followed 14,708 Ontarians 15 years and older in a retrospective cohort study to examine patterns of mental health service use within 1 year, and suicide attempts within 5 years of self-reported suicidal ideation.ResultsA total of 2.1% (n=302) of all survey respondents reported suicidal ideation alone in the past year and another 0.5% (n=76) reported having ideation-with-action (i.e. ideation with planning or previous suicide attempt). Ideation-with-action was associated with a higher likelihood of future suicide attempts and future mental health service use, when compared to suicidal ideation alone. However, the majority of survey respondents who attempted suicide within the five-year follow-up period did not report a previous attempt or ideation at baseline.ConclusionWhile suicidal ideation is statistically significantly associated with greater likelihood of suicide attempt within five years, most attempters did not self-report ideation at baseline. Further study is needed to measure suicidal outcomes longitudinally to allow for dynamic expression of suicidal ideation as outcomes such as suicide attempts are measured.Those with ideation-with-action are more intense users of mental health services than those with ideation alone, indicating that care is reaching the more severe ideators.
Assessing Diagnostic Performance of Plasma Biomarkers in Alzheimer’s Disease: P-tau217 Emerges as the Optimal Marker in Chinese Cohorts
Authors: Wang Shinan , Liu Dequan , Li Haiyan , Jia Xiaodong , Zhou Hailan , Yu Wenying , Li Tong , Pan Liping , Chen Baorong , Wang Yujia , Zhan Nan , Song Yijun , Yan Keqiang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe Simoa platform is recognized as a highly sensitive tool for detecting blood-based biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). It is extensively utilized in the diagnosis and identification of AD, with accuracy emerging as a pivotal metric for assessing assay performance, gradually gaining acceptance and application. The primary objective of this study was to assess the diagnostic efficacy of multiple biomarkers in AD using the Simoa platform. The ultimate goal was to identify the optimal diagnostic biomarkers and further investigate their practical application value in the Chinese population. The study comprised two cohorts: cohort I consisted of 151 healthy controls and 90 AD patients, while cohort II was sourced from a Chinese population cohort, encompassing 123 healthy controls and 126 AD patients, utilizing publicly available data. All patients underwent plasma biomarker concentration measurements using the Simoa platform. The specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of these biomarkers for AD diagnosis were compared to evaluate their diagnostic efficacy. The findings revealed that plasma P-tau217 exhibited excellent performance in differentiating AD from healthy controls, with a sensitivity of 95.0%, specificity of 96.0%, and accuracy of 95.7% for AD diagnosis. Conversely, other indicators, including Aβ42, Aβ42/40, T-tau/Aβ42, and P-tau181, demonstrated some diagnostic efficacy but fell short of meeting the diagnostic criteria. P-tau217 stands out as a highly effective biomarker for the diagnosis of AD, exhibiting extensive clinical application potential in the Chinese population. It presents a promising array of clinical prospects for the Chinese population.
Stakeholder perspectives on the barriers and facilitators to integrating cardiovascular disease and diabetes management at primary care in Kenya
Authors: Wambiya Elvis O. A. , Oguta James Odhiambo , Akparibo Robert , Gillespie Duncan , Otieno Peter , Akoth Catherine , Kamano Jemima , Kibe Peter , Kisaka Yvette , Onyango Elizabeth , Gathecha Gladwell , Dodd Peter J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIntegrated care is increasingly recognised as a key strategy for the management of multimorbidity. However, evidence on the factors associated with the implementation of integrated care models in low- and middle-income countries remains limited. We explored how stakeholders perceived integrated care, existing challenges, and recommendations for integrating cardiovascular disease and diabetes management at primary health care (PHC) level in Kenya. We conducted a qualitative study using key informant interviews with 16 key stakeholders involved in healthcare delivery, research, and policy on non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Kenya between February and March 2024. All interviews were audio recorded and transcribed; and the data analysed both inductively and deductively within NVivo software. The deductive analysis was guided by the Rainbow Model of Integrated Care (RMIC) framework, which combines key dimensions necessary for successful integrated care with key elements of primary care. The RMIC framework dimensions include systems, clinical, organisational, professional, functional, and normative integration. Out of the six RMIC dimensions, stakeholders’ description of integrated care included elements of clinical, systems, and professional integration. Key systems level challenges included disparity between policy and practice, inadequate resource allocation, donor-driven priorities, and limited stakeholder collaboration. Fragmented care delivery was a key organisational challenge. Limited resources for integrated care delivery and inadequate staff numbers and capacity were considered key challenges in the functional and professional dimensions of the RMIC framework. Additional challenges included ‘siloed’ mindset (normative) and limited evidence on effective or cost-effective integrated care models. To address the identified barriers, policy-makers should develop clear and adaptable how-to county-specific guidelines for implementation and evaluation of integrated care at PHC level. There is a need for advocacy and research on models of integrated care at PHC level to guide prioritization and resource allocation in Kenya.
Cross-regulation of amino acid synthesis and catabolic electron transfer in bacteria
Authors: Mogi Hisae , Tomita Keisuke , Hirose Atsumi , Yoshino Erika , Kasai Takuya , Kouzuma Atsushi , Watanabe Kazuya 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAmino acids are essential for life, serving primarily as the building blocks of proteins. Although the intracellular metabolic fate of amino acids is known, their roles in the global regulation of metabolic pathways are poorly characterized. Here, we investigated the function of amino acids as signaling molecules that modulate the catabolic activity of bacterial cells. Using the model bacteriumShewanella oneidensisMR-1, we showed that methionine activates catabolic processes, including extracellular electron transfer, at submillimolar concentrations. This regulation is mediated by MetR, a transcription factor that regulates methionine biosynthesis. In addition, the MetR-mediated regulation of catabolic electron transfer was observed inAeromonas hydrophila. These findings reveal methionine-induced signaling cascades that cross-regulate amino acid biosynthesis and catabolism in bacteria. Our study highlights a novel physiological role for amino acids, suggesting their involvement in the coordinated regulation of anabolism and catabolism, particularly in bacteria that thrive in nutrient-limited habitats.
TMEM63A, associated with hypomyelinating leukodystrophies, is an evolutionarily conserved regulator of myelination
Authors: Halford Julia , Senatore Amanda J. , Berryman Sage , Muñoz Antonio , Semidey Destinee , Doan Ryan A. , Coombs Adam M. , Noimany Brandon , Emberley Katie , Emery Ben , Monk Kelly R. , Murthy Swetha E. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractInfantile hypomyelinating leukodystrophy 19 (HLD19) is a rare genetic disorder where patients exhibit reduced myelin in central nervous system (CNS) white matter tracts and present with varied neurological symptoms. The causative geneTMEM63Aencodes a mechanosensitive ion channel whose role in myelination has not been explored. Our study shows that TMEM63A is a major regulator of OL-driven myelination in the CNS. In mouse and zebrafish,Tmem63ainactivation led to early deficits in myelination, recapitulating the HLD19 phenotype. OL-specific conditional mouse knockouts ofTmem63aexhibited transient reductions in myelin, indicating that TMEM63A regulates myelination cell-autonomously. We show that TMEM63A is present at plasma membrane and on lysosomes and modulates myelin/myelin-associated protein production. Intriguingly, HLD19-associatedTMEM63Avariants from patients blocked trafficking to cell membrane. Together, our results reveal an ancient role for TMEM63A in fundamental aspects of myelinationin vivoand highlight two exciting new models for the development of treatments for devastating hypomyelinating leukodystrophies.
Biochemical state in tissue can be detected through ultrasound signal
Authors: Ito Kazuyo , Iijima Yuta , Misumi Tomoki , Hayase Gen , Tamura Kazuki , Ikushima Kenji , Yoshino Daisuke 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThree-dimensional (3D) cell cultures, such as spheroids, are indispensable models for investigating cellular behaviors and responses under conditions that closely resemble in vivo environments. Conventional imaging techniques, including optical microscopy, are often limited by penetration depth and phototoxicity, complicating the analysis of structural and biochemical changes within dense 3D systems. This study demonstrates the application of ultrasound imaging for the non-invasive evaluation of internal dynamics in cancer spheroids over a 15-day period. Scattering-based acoustic parameters revealed spatial variations in brightness and density, correlating with cellular proliferation, apoptosis, and necrosis. Brightness values in central regions progressively decreased after Day 3, approaching near-zero by Day 15, reflecting necrotic core formation. Artificial inhibition of myosin contractility significantly influenced these patterns, providing insights into biomechanical contributions to spheroid organization. The findings establish ultrasound imaging as a label-free, high-penetration technique capable of addressing critical challenges in 3D culture analysis, offering new opportunities for studying cellular dynamics and therapeutic responses in spheroids and organoid models.