bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic flexibility during late pregnancy is associated with neonatal adiposity
Authors: Tinius Rachel A. , Blankenship Maire M. , Furgal Karen E. , Cade W. Todd , Duchette Cathryn , Pearson Kevin J. , Maples Jill M. 
Published: February 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the relationships between maternal metabolic flexibility during pregnancy and neonatal health outcomes. Percent change in lipid oxidation (before and after a high-fat meal) was calculated as the measure of “metabolic flexibility”. Neonatal adiposity was assessed within 48 h of delivery by skinfold anthropometry. Metabolic flexibility (r = −0.271, p = 0.034), maternal HOMA-IR (r = 0.280, p = 0.030), and maternal body mass index (r = 0.299, p = 0.018) were correlated with neonatal subscapular skinfold (i.e., measure of neonatal adiposity). Clinical Trail Registration Number: NCT03504319. Novelty: This is the first study to link maternal metabolic flexibility, body mass index, and insulin resistance during pregnancy to neonatal adiposity at parturition.
Criteria for projected discovery and exclusion sensitivities of counting experiments
Authors: Bhattiprolu Prudhvi N. , Martin Stephen P. , Wells James D. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe projected discovery and exclusion capabilities of particle physics and astrophysics/cosmology experiments are often quantified using the median expected p-value or its corresponding significance. We argue that this criterion leads to flawed results, which for example can counterintuitively project lessened sensitivities if the experiment takes more data or reduces its background. We discuss the merits of several alternatives to the median expected significance, both when the background is known and when it is subject to some uncertainty. We advocate for standard use of the “exact Asimov significance” $$Z^\mathrm{A}$$

Z
A

detailed in this paper.
Measurements of $$H_0$$ and reconstruction of the dark energy properties from a model-independent joint analysis
Authors: Bonilla Alexander , Kumar Suresh , Nunes Rafael C. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractGaussian processes (GP) provide an elegant and model-independent method for extracting cosmological information from the observational data. In this work, we employ GP to perform a joint analysis by using the geometrical cosmological probes such as Supernova Type Ia (SN), Cosmic chronometers (CC), Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO), and the H0LiCOW lenses sample to constrain the Hubble constant $$H_0$$

H
0

, and reconstruct some properties of dark energy (DE), viz., the equation of state parameter w, the sound speed of DE perturbations $$c^2_s$$

c
s
2

, and the ratio of DE density evolution $$X = \rho _\mathrm{de}/\rho _\mathrm{de,0}$$

X
=

ρ
de

/

ρ

de
,
0

. From the joint analysis SN+CC+BAO+H0LiCOW, we find that $$H_0$$

H
0

is constrained at 1.1% precision with $$H_0 = 73.78 \pm 0.84\ \hbox {km}\ \hbox {s}^{-1}\,\hbox {Mpc}^{-1}$$

H
0

=
73.78
±
0.84

km

s

-
1

Mpc

-
1

, which is in agreement with SH0ES and H0LiCOW estimates, but in $$\sim 6.2 \sigma $$

∼
6.2
σ

tension with the current CMB measurements of $$H_0$$

H
0

. With regard to the DE parameters, we find $$c^2_s < 0$$

c
s
2

<
0

at $$\sim 2 \sigma $$

∼
2
σ

at high z, and the possibility of X to become negative for $$z > 1.5$$

z
>
1.5

. We compare our results with the ones obtained in the literature, and discuss the consequences of our main results on the DE theoretical framework.
Comparison between the MAIA® Implant and Trapeziectomy for Trapeziometacarpal Osteoarthritis: Outcomes at 9 Years’ Follow-Up
Authors: Seaourt Anne-Charlotte , Dap François , Dautel Gilles , Athlani Lionel 
Published: February 2021

Background: The purpose of this retrospective study was to report and compare the outcomes of the MAIA® prosthesis and trapeziectomy for trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis. Methods: We included 92 consecutive patients (8 men, 84 women) with a mean age of 57 years (range 44–75 years) who underwent trapeziectomy (44 patients) or trapeziometacarpal joint replacement with a MAIA® prosthesis (48 patients) for painful osteoarthritis. All patients were evaluated (pain, range of motion, strength, function, X-rays) by an independent examiner. Results: The two groups of patients had comparable preoperative characteristics. At the mean follow-up of 9 years (range: 8–10), we found a significant reduction in pain levels for each group. In the final data review, there were no significant differences in terms of pain levels, grip strength, thumb active motion and the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score between the two groups. Pinch strength and the work performance score on the Michigan Hand Questionnaire were significantly better in the MAIA® prosthesis group. The MAIA® group had a shorter postoperative recovery time of 6 weeks and fewer patients required physiotherapy. Postoperatively, the thumb column length was significantly less in the trapeziectomy group. In this group, we found a significant decrease in the trapezial cavity height between the immediate postoperative evaluation and the final assessment, with three patients having painful scaphometacarpal impingement. Two patients required surgical revision for symptomatic meta-carpophalangeal joint hyperextension. In the MAIA® group, we found no implant subsidence, loosening, dislocation or fracture. None of the implants were revised. Conclusions: From this study, we found that the both procedures can be used as a surgical treatment for trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis. The MAIA® prosthesis is a useful alternative to trapeziectomy and appears to be a reliable and effective implant in the medium- to long-term.
Burst Pressures in Eyes with Clear Corneal Incisions Treated with ReSure Glue
Authors: Shehata Ahmed E. M. , Kambhampati Siva P. , Wang Jiangxia , Soiberman Uri S. 
Published: February 2021

Purpose. This study aims to measure burst pressures in 3 mm clear corneal incisions sealed with ReSure, a biodegradable hydrogel sealant, and to compare it to traditional 10-0 nylon sutures and unsealed controls. Design. An ex vivo animal study. Methods. 3 mm clear corneal incisions were performed in rabbit eyes (ex vivo). The burst pressure was determined, and then, the incisions were sealed with either ReSure glue or a single 10-0 nylon suture. Burst pressure measurements were repeated. Results. Fourteen eyes were included. The median burst pressure in the suture-control group (7 eyes) prior to suture application was 7 mmHg (range: 0–45); the median burst pressure in the 7 glue-controls was 36 mmHg (range: 5–61,

p

= 0.08 for the comparison of the two control groups). The median burst pressure in the glue group was 93 mmHg (range: 39–129,

p

= 0.043 when compared to glue-control). The median burst pressure in the suture group was 158 mmHg (range: 70–180,

p

= 0.018 when compared to suture-control). There was no statistically significant difference in burst pressure values between the glue and suture groups (

p

= 0.08). Conclusion. In this study, ReSure glue applied to 3 mm clear corneal incisions provided sufficient resistance to elevated intraocular pressure when compared to controls. The results of this study suggest that ReSure glue may be comparable to a single 10-0 nylon suture in resisting fluid egress during the early postoperative period.
Visible-Light-Driven SO42-/TiO2 Photocatalyst Synthesized from Binh Dinh (Vietnam) Ilmenite Ore for Rhodamine B Degradation
Authors: Nguyen Tan Lam , Dinh Quoc Viet , Nguyen Thi Lan , Le Thi Thanh Thuy , Dinh Thanh Khan , Nguyen Van Thang , Nguyen Phi Hung 
Published: February 2021

A low-cost and simplistic approach for the synthesis of nanosized SO42-/TiO2 photocatalyst was successfully performed using Binh Dinh ilmenite ore and H2SO4 as titanium and sulfur sources, respectively. The experimental results indicate that the obtained material exists in the form of particles with a size of about 22 nm and has a specific surface area of about 49 m2 g-1. Compared with the TiO2 sample, the SO42-/TiO2 sample shows much higher photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) under the sunlight irradiation. In more details, the nanosized SO42-/TiO2 sample obtained is capable of completely decomposing RhB after 9 hours of irradiation by a 60 W LED lamp with a corresponding intensity of 9,500 Lux. However, when the SO42-/TiO2 is irradiated by the sunlight with the intensity of 65,000 Lux, it only takes 2 hours to completely decompose rhodamine B (RhB), facilitating the use of SO42-/TiO2 as a potential photocatalyst for the RhB photodegradation.
Why Do Epidemiologic Studies Find an Inverse Association Between Intraprostatic Inflammation and Prostate Cancer: A Possible Role for Colliding Bias?
Authors: Langston Marvin E. , Sfanos Karen S. , Khan Saira , Nguyen Trang Q. , De Marzo Angelo M. , Platz Elizabeth A. , Sutcliffe Siobhan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Inflammation is an emerging risk factor for prostate cancer based largely on evidence from animal models and histopathologic observations. However, findings from patho-epidemiologic studies of intraprostatic inflammation and prostate cancer have been less supportive, with inverse associations observed in many studies of intraprostatic inflammation and prostate cancer diagnosis. Here, we propose collider stratification bias as a potential methodologic explanation for these inverse findings and provide strategies for conducting future etiologic studies of intraprostatic inflammation and prostate cancer.
A Phase I and Surgical Study of Ribociclib and Everolimus in Children with Recurrent or Refractory Malignant Brain Tumors: A Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium Study
Authors: DeWire Mariko D. , Fuller Christine , Campagne Olivia , Lin Tong , Pan Haitao , Young Poussaint Tina , Baxter Patricia A. , Hwang Eugene I. , Bukowinski Andrew , Dorris Kathleen , Hoffman Lindsey , Waanders Angela J. , Karajannis Matthias A. , Stewart Clinton F. , Onar-Thomas Arzu , Fouladi Maryam , Dunkel Ira J. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Purpose:
Genomic aberrations in cell cycle and PI3K pathways are commonly observed in pediatric brain tumors. This study determined the MTD/recommended phase II dose (RP2D) of ribociclib and everolimus and characterized single-agent ribociclib concentrations in plasma and tumor in children undergoing resection.

Patients and Methods:
Patients were enrolled in the phase I study according to a rolling 6 design and received ribociclib and everolimus daily for 21 and 28 days, respectively. Surgical patients received ribociclib at the pediatric RP2D (350 mg/m2) for 7–10 days preoperatively followed by enrollment on the phase I study. Pharmacokinetics were analyzed for both cohorts.

Results:
Sixteen patients were enrolled on the phase I study (median age, 10.3 years; range, 3.9–20.4) and 6 patients in the surgical cohort (median age, 11.4 years; range: 7.2–17.1). Thirteen patients were enrolled at dose level 1 without dose-limiting toxicities (DLT). Two of the 3 patients at dose level 2 experienced DLTs (grade 3 hypertension and grade 4 alanine aminotransferase). The most common grade 3/4 toxicities were lymphopenia, neutropenia, and leukopenia. The RP2D of ribociclib and everolimus was 120 and 1.2 mg/m2 for 21 and 28 days, respectively. Steady-state everolimus exposures with ribociclib were 2.5-fold higher than everolimus administered alone. Ribociclib plasma, tumor concentrations, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected. The mean tumor-to-plasma ratio of ribociclib was 19.8 (range, 2.22–53.4).

Conclusions:
Ribociclib and everolimus were well-tolerated and demonstrated pharmacokinetic properties similar to those in adults. Potential therapeutic ribociclib concentrations could be achieved in CSF and tumor tissue, although interpatient variability was observed.
Long Noncoding RNA NEAT1 Acts as a Molecular Switch for BRD4 Transcriptional Activity and Mediates Repression of BRD4/WDR5 Target Genes
Authors: Pistoni Mariaelena , Rossi Teresa , Donati Benedetta , Torricelli Federica , Polano Maurizio , Ciarrocchi Alessia 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

BRD4 is an epigenome reader known to exert key roles at the interface between chromatin remodeling and transcriptional regulation, and is primarily known for its role in promoting gene expression. In selective contexts, however, BRD4 may work as negative regulator of transcription. Here, we reported that BRD4 binds several long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA). Among these, the lncRNA NEAT1 was found to interfere with BRD4 transcriptional activity. Mechanistically, lncNEAT1 forms a complex with BRD4 and WDR5 and maintains them in a low-activity state. Treatment with Bromodomains and Extraterminal (BET) inhibitor caused the lncRNA NEAT1 to dissociate from the BRD4/WDR5 complex, restored the acetyl-transferase capacity of BRD4, and restored the availability of WDR5 to promote histone trimethylation, thereby promoting BRD4/WDR5 transcriptional activity and activation of target gene expression. In addition, the lncRNA NEAT1 then became available to bind and to inhibit EZH2, cooperatively increasing transcriptional activation.

Implications:
Our results revealed an epigenetic program that involves the interaction between the lncRNA NEAT1 and BRD4, functioning as a molecular switch between BRD4's activator and repressor chromatin complexes.
Bleeding Risk of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Patients With Heart Failure And Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Jackevicius Cynthia A. , Lu Lingyun , Ghaznavi Zunera , Warner Alberta L. 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation are an important atrial fibrillation subgroup in which direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have not been adequately studied in real-world settings. Since DOACs rely on renal elimination and renal dysfunction is prevalent in patients with heart failure, their use may increase bleeding risk, negating some of their advantage over warfarin.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective cohort study using linked Veterans Administration databases of patients with heart failure newly started on warfarin or DOACs for atrial fibrillation from October 2010 to August 2017 (23 635 warfarin, 25 823 DOAC). Outcomes included time to first bleeding, stroke, and death using Cox proportional hazards models with inverse probability of treatment weighting.

Results:
Total bleeding (hazard ratio, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.56–0.68]), major bleeding (hazard ratio, 0.49 [95% CI, 0.40–0.61]), and death (hazard ratio, 0.74 [95% CI, 0.71–0.78]) were lower with DOAC than warfarin, and with apixaban and dabigatran, but not rivaroxaban. Moderate/severe chronic kidney disease was common (48.7%); moderate chronic kidney disease was associated with increased bleeding with DOACs but not warfarin. However, death and bleeding remained lower with DOACs than warfarin across all renal function levels and clinical subgroups. A >20% transient/persistent decline in renal function occurred in 53% of DOAC-treated patients at some point during follow-up, would have required dose reduction in 10.5% of patients, and was associated with increased bleeding. Dose adjustments were made more often, and bleeding and death were lower in patients seen by pharmacists or anticoagulation clinics. There were significant between-site variations in DOAC dosing.

Conclusions:
DOACs overall, apixaban, and dabigatran, but not rivaroxaban, were associated with less total bleeding and death than warfarin in patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation at all levels of renal function. Renal function decline resulted in increased bleeding in patients with DOACs. DOAC dose adjustment was often indicated, associated with increased bleeding when not adjusted, emphasizing the need for closer monitoring in these patients.
Description of Ruehmaphelenchus fujiensis n. sp. (Tylenchomorpha: Aphelenchoididae) isolated from dead wood of Quercus crispula from Yamanashi, Japan
Authors: Kanzaki Natsumi 
Published: February 2021

Summary
Three undescribed Ruehmaphelenchus species were isolated from dead wood of Quercus crispula collected in three different localities in Japan. One of these three species was successfully cultured using Botrytis cinerea as its food fungus and is described and figured as R. fujiensis n. sp. The new species is characterised by the following features: male tail, conical with or without a projection; female tail, conical with variously shaped terminal mucron or projection; and male spicule possessing a relatively long and triangular condylus. The new species is close to, or almost a cryptic species of R. digitulus, i.e., the typological characters and morphometric values of these two species are mostly overlapping. In a molecular phylogenetic relationship inferred from near-full-length small subunit (18S) and D2-D3 expansion segments of the large subunit (28S) of ribosomal RNA, the new species is close to R. asiaticus, R. digitulus, R. formosanus, and Ruehmaphelenchus sp. NKZ202; however, it was clearly separated from these species.
Telemedicine in International Cleft Care: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bedi Gurbani , Vyas Krishna S. , Chung Michael T. , Morrison Shane D. , Asaad Malke , Mardini Samir 
Published: February 2021

Background: Cleft lip and cleft palate (CLP) are among the world’s most common congenital malformation and has a higher prevalence in developing nations due to environmental and genetic factors. Global efforts have been developed in order to prevent and treat the malformation. Telemedicine has been implemented in various humanitarian global missions with success and is currently the primary means of care due to COVID-19. Objective: To assess the benefits and barriers of telehealth in the care of patients with CLP through a global approach. Methods: Systematic review of the PubMed and Cochrane Review databases with relevant terms related to telemedicine in cleft lip and palate surgery. Results: Eight articles fit the inclusion criteria and suggested benefits with the use of telemedicine in regard to education, preoperative, and postoperative care as well as increased access to underserved populations. Barriers included connectivity and accessibility concerns. Conclusion: Telehealth is a beneficial way to evaluate patients with CLP in developing countries with proper care and follow-up to reduce complications and to improve health outcomes.
Internal limiting membrane graft as a treatment for the retinal detachment secondary to an optic disc coloboma
Authors: Fernández-Engroba Jorge , Saman Muhsen , Nadal Jeroni 
Published: February 2021

Purpose: To report our anatomical outcome with the internal limiting membrane (ILM) graft procedure in the management of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) secondary to optic disc coloboma (ODC). Methods: Description of a new surgical procedure in one eye of one patient who underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) combined with ILM graft technique. Subsequent follow-up included optical coherence tomography (OCT) and visual acuity. Results: After only 1 week, the OCT revealed the ILM graft plugging the retinal tear with complete resorption of subretinal fluid. The sealing effect of this graft persisted after 6 months. However, visual outcome was poor and corrected distance visual acuity was 20/200 as a result of the previous long-standing retinal detachment with loss of photoreceptors. Conclusion: We suggest that ILM graft could be performed as a first line treatment in the management of RRD secondary to ODC. This direct closure of the retinal tears, allows a quick and effective interruption of the communication between the subretinal space and the vitreous cavity. Detecting these retinal tears and applying this technique as soon as possible could achieve not only an earlier anatomical success but obtain good visual results in retinal tears with RRD secondary to ODC. Further studies will be necessary to provide more evidences
Cognitive Reserve and Digital Confidence among Older Adults as New Paradigm for Resilient Aging
Authors: Ranieri Jessica , Guerra Federica , Angione Anna Lucia , Di Giacomo Dina , Passafiume Domenico 
Published: February 2021

Objective The purpose of this study was to examine the digital confidence of elder adults and identify behavioral patterns for technology that are related to cognitive abilities among elders. Method An observational study was conducted using a sample of 94 elders, aged 53 to 86 years. Neuropsychological and emotional measures were used, and technology use was assessed. Results Finding showed elders by resilient neuropsychological aspects can have a good affinity for technology. We examined the role of not only cognitive reserve levels but also demographic characteristics (i.e., age, educational level) and found that elderly were more adherent to digital resources. Technology can be a beneficial resource to those with medium levels of cognitive reserve and make them feel “like they are leading an active lifestyle.” Conclusions The focal point of our findings is the relevance of cognitive reserve during older adulthood as a key factor that should be examined in investigations on successful aging; it would be more interesting to examine these factors within the context of analyses on the impact of technology on aging and digital living.
Is There an Association Between Social Support and Pain Among Individuals Living With Multiple Sclerosis?
Authors: Alphonsus Khrisha B. , D’Arcy Carl 
Published: February 2021

Context. Pain is one of the most common symptoms reported by patients living with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Risk factors associated with pain may include individual’s cognitive thinking process, emotional and behavioural response to pain and amount of social support. There is a lack of research on the influence on the amount of social support and its association to pain outcomes. Objective. The primary objective of this study was to determine the association between amount and of social support and its association with odds of pain among individuals with MS. Methods. The Survey on Living with Neurological Conditions in Canada (SLNCC) 2011-2012 linked to the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) 2010-2011 was used to carry out a logistic regression model for this analysis (N = 78,623). Main outcome measures. The factors that were assessed were psychological factors, problems with sleeping, self-perceived general health, self-perceived level of stress, number of years living with MS, as well as social factors. The outcome variable was pain. Results. The amount of social support was found to be significant in that individuals who had 3 or fewer types of social support were 3.02 times more likely (95% CI 1.06 to 8.59) to report being in pain as opposed to individuals who had 4 types of support. The results indicate the importance of self efficacy in overcoming symptoms of MS and the need for more home care services.