bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Olive Oil Consumption can Prevent Non-communicable Diseases and
COVID-19: A Review
Authors: Majumder Debabrata , Debnath Mousumi , Sharma Kamal Nayan , Shekhawat Surinder Singh , Prasad G.B.K.S , Maiti Debasish , Ramakrishna Seeram 
Published: April 2021

:
The Mediterranean diet is appraised as the premier dietary regimen, and its espousal is correlated
with the prevention of degenerative diseases and extended longevity. The consumption of olive oil
stands out as the most peculiar feature of the Mediterranean diet. Olive oil rich in various bioactive compounds
like oleanolic acid, oleuropein, oleocanthal, and hydroxytyrosol is known for its antiinflammatory
as well as cardioprotective property. Recently in silico studies have indicated that phytochemicals
present in olive oil are a potential candidate to act against SARS-CoV-2.
Although there are many extensive studies on olive oil and its phytochemical composition, however,
some lacunas persist in understanding how the phytochemical composition of olive oil is dependent on
upstream processing. The signaling pathways regulated by olive oil in the restriction of various diseases
are also not clear. For answering these queries, a detailed search of research and review articles published
between 1990 to 2019 were reviewed.
Olive oil consumption was found to be advantageous for various chronic non-communicable diseases.
Olive oil’s constituents are having potent anti-inflammatory activities and thus restrict the progression of
various inflammation-linked diseases ranging from arthritis to cancer. But it is also notable that the
amount and nature of the phytochemical composition of household olive oil are regulated by its upstream
processing, and the physicochemical properties of this oil can give a hint regarding the manufacturing
method as well as its therapeutic effect. Moreover, daily uptake of olive oil should be monitored
as excessive intake can cause body weight gain and a change in the basal metabolic index.
So, it can be concluded that the olive oil consumption is beneficial for human health, and particularly for
the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, breast cancer, and inflammation. The simple way of processing
olive oil is to maintain the polyphenol constituents, whichprovide the protection against noncommunicable
diseases and SARS-CoV-2.
Triazole-containing Heterocycles: Privileged Scaffolds in Anti-Trypanosoma
Cruzi Drug Development
Authors: Pone Kamdem Boniface , Dalhatou Sadou , Paumo Hugues Kamdem , Katata-Seru Lebogang Maureen , Ferreira Elizabeth Igne 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Chagas disease is a potentially life-threatening illness caused by the protozoan
parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and is transmitted to humans through the excreta of infected
blood-sucking triatomine bugs. According to the World Health Organization, 6 to 7 million people
are infected with T. cruzi worldwide, mainly in Latin America, with more than 10000 deaths annually.

Aim of the Study:
The present study aims to provide comprehensive literature information on the
importance of triazole-containing heterocycles in developing anti-Chagas disease agents.

Methodology:
The embodied information was acquired without date limitation by December 2020
using various electronic databases including, SciFinder, PubMed (National Library of Medicine),
Science Direct, Wiley, ACS (American Chemical Society), SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library
Online), Google Scholar, Springer, Scopus, and Web of Science.

Results:
Upon in vitro studies, more than 100 triazole-containing heterocycles have been predicted
as active compounds against the pathogen responsible for the American trypanosomiasis. However,
less is known about their in vivo activity in animal models and their clinical studies in humans.
Moreover, the pharmacokinetic studies of these bioactive compounds are still pending. Despite the
variety of mechanisms of action attributed to most of these molecules, the exact mechanism involved
is still controversial. Thus, in vivo experiments, followed by pharmacokinetics, and the
mechanism of action of the most active compounds, should be the subject of future investigation.

Conclusion:
All in all, recent studies have demonstrated the importance of triazole-containing heterocycles
in search of potential candidates for drug development against Chagas disease. Nonetheless,
the use of new catalysts and chemical transformations is expected to provide avenues for the
synthesis of unexplored triazole derivatives, leading to the development of triazole-containing compounds
with new properties and trypanocidal activity.
Preparation and In Vitro/Vivo Evaluation of Folate-conjugated Pluronic F87-PLGA/TPGS Mixed Nanoparticles for Targeted Drug Delivery
Authors: Wu Tianyi , Gong Yanchun , Li Ziling , Li Yuping , Xiong Xiangyuan 
Published: April 2021

Aim:
Folate-conjugated Pluronic F87-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) block copolymer
(FA-F87-PLGA) was synthesized to encapsulate anticancer drug Paclitaxel (PTX) for targeted
drug delivery. To further improve the curative effect, D-α-tocopheryl poly(ethylene glycol) 1000
succinate (TPGS or Vitamin E TPGS) was added to form FA-F87-PLGA/TPGS mixed NPs.

Methods:
FA-F87-PLGA was synthesized by the ring-opening polymerization, and the structure
was characterized. PTX-loaded nanoparticles were prepared with the nanoprecipitation method.
The physicochemical characteristics were studied to determine the appropriate dose ratio of the
FA-F87-PLGA to TPGS. The cytotoxicity against Ovarian Cancer Cells (OVCAR-3) was determined
by MTT assay. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) and half-life were measured in the in vivo
pharmacokinetic studies.

Results:
Based on the optimization of particle size and embedding rate of PTX-loaded mixed NPs,
the appropriate dosage ratio of FA-F87-PLGA to TPGS was finally determined to be 5:3. According
to in vitro release studies, the cumulative release rate of PTX-loaded FA-F87-PLGA/TPGS
mixed NPs was 92.04%, which was higher than that of nanoparticles without TPGS. The cytotoxicity
studies showed that the IC50 value of PTX-loaded FA-F87-PLGA/TPGS decreased by 75.4 times
and 19.7 times after 72 h treatment compared with free PTX injections and PTX-loaded FA-F87-
PLGA NPs, respectively. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies indicated that FA-F87-PLGA/TPGS
mixed NPs had a longer drug metabolism time and a larger Area Under the Curve (AUC) compared
with free PTX injections.

Conclusion:
FA-F87-PLGA/TPGS mixed NPs are potential candidates for targeted drug delivery
systems.
Sociodemographic Characteristics, HIV-Related Risk Behaviors and HIV Prevalence of Vulnerable Men in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Mohraz Minoo , SeyedAlinaghi SeyedAhmad , Asadollahi-Amin Ali , Golrokhi Rahele , Khoei Effat Merghati , Yousefi Habib , Jafari Fatemeh , Dadras Omid 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Sexual minorities, such as men who have sex with men (MSM), are disproportionately
impacted by HIV/AIDS compared to heterosexual men. The increased prevalence
of HIV/AIDs among this group of individuals is associated with increased participation in HIV-related
risk behavior, such as multiple sexual partnerships and injection drug use. However, very little
is known about the prevalence of HIV and the risk behaviors related to HIV infection among
MSM in Iran. This absence of data is due to the increased discrimination and stigmatization MSM,
and other vulnerable populations face in Iran. This study was conducted to identify HIV-related
risks, HIV prevalence and sociodemographic characteristics of the MSM population in Iran.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among MSM attending the Sexual Health Clinic
at Imam Khomeini Hospital in 2018. A sexual health screening questionnaire was used to aid in
identifying HIV-related risk behaviors. HIV status was determined using an HIV rapid test and confirmed
by an ELISA.

Results:
One hundred MSM enrolled in this study, out of which 41% were 18-25 years old. The
majorities were single; almost one-third had a diploma degree. Only a fifth were employed, and
about a quarter (25%) reported substance abuse. Among eighty-three people (83%) reported having
sex during the past three months, and only 27 (27.3%) of participants always used condoms for
sex. Among 80 participants tested for HIV, two positive results were detected (2.5%).

Conclusion:
Data collected through a sexual health questionnaire indicated that the prevalence of
HIV is increased among MSM in Iran. This finding sheds light on the urgent need for the
implementation of social programs providing counseling and healthcare to vulnerable populations
in Iran.
Factors of Schedule and Cost Performance of Tunnel Construction Megaprojects
Authors: De Marco Alberto , Narbaev Timur 
Published: April 2021

Aims:
This study illustrates the main factors that influence the cost overruns and schedule delays of tunnel construction megaprojects.

Objective:
An empirical analysis was carried out based on a dataset collected from a number of recent tunnel megaprojects worldwide.

Methods:
Analyses of variances and regression analyses were conducted to infer statistical significance and understand the relationships that exist between cost overruns, time delays and variables of context, technical, and governance characteristics of the sample projects.

Results:
The most significant factors are those related to the complexity of infrastructure and the type of contracting system used to deliver the project. In particular, some technical characteristics pertinent to the size of the tunnel reveal to be influencing factors of both schedule delay and cost overrun, while the usage of a traditional contracting mechanism is likely to impact the cost overrun. The type of infrastructure, region, ownership, and funding scheme are not found to be statistically significant determinants of cost and time performance.

Conclusion:
This analysis reaffirms that the size and complexity are important factors of typical low performance of tunnel construction megaprojects. The results of this study can be used for strategic design and planning by decision-makers, project managers and designers.
Overweight and Obesity among Workers of the Public Transportation Service of Lima
Authors: Quichua Lizandra , Trejo Diana C. , Basilio Marlene R. , Morales Juan 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Excess weight is a public health problem and has a negative impact on health.

Objective:
To determine the frequency of excess weight and its associated factors among workers of the public transport service in Lima.

Methods:
This was an observational, cross-sectional, and descriptive study. Workers of public transport service companies were considered as the study population. The study variable was excess body weight, which included overweight and obesity. For its determination, the Body-Mass Index (BMI) was used.

Results:
A total of 238 workers of both sexes participated in the study. The median age was 39 years (interquartile range: 47-32). Of the sample, 93.7% (n=223) were male, 63.4% (n=151) were between 30 and 49 years of age, 67.6% (n=161) worked in the driver's position, and the rest worked as ticket collectors. According to BMI, 81.1% (n=193) had excess weight, of which 44.1% (n=105) corresponded to the overweight and 37% (n=88) to the obesity category. Only 18.9% (n=45) of the sample were in the normal range. Excess weight occurred in a higher proportion among workers belonging to the age group of 30 to 49 years (p=0.002), in cohabiting and or married people (p=0.006), and in bus drivers (p=0.003).

Conclusion:
The workers of the public transport service in Lima have a very high prevalence of excess weight. It is higher than the national average. The factors associated with excess weight were the following: age group between 30 and 49 years, marital status, and working as a driver. It requires a sanitary intervention in the family and the workplace.
The Toxic Side of Nanotechnology: An Insight into Hazards to Health and
the Ecosystem
Authors: Yadav Sarita Kumari , Khan Zulfequar Ahmed , Mishra Brahmeshwar , Bahadur Shiv , Kumar Ajay , Yadav Babita 
Published: April 2021

:
The objective of the present article is to provide an insight into the toxicity aspects of nanoparticles
on health and the ecosystem, along with risk assessment and monitoring. After a detailed
screening of various research reports from peer-reviewed journals, books, and research news, the article
was prepared. Nanotechnology's various significant advantages over conventional technologies have
been explored for diverse research and commercial needs, such as cosmetics, medical, pharmaceuticals,
biotechnology, electronics, catalysts, and robotics. However, nanotechnology has several challenging
elements for health, environment, society, economic growth, and unpredictable consequences due to its
unknown nature, which needs to be identified.
Therefore, in this review, an attempt has been made to cover the two most important aspects of the toxicity
of nanoparticles, i.e., influence on health and the ecosystem.
The health hazards to various organs, especially lungs, gastro-intestinal tract and dermis, and aquatic
organisms, have been elaborated. Furthermore, various ecotoxicological aspects, including mechanism
of ecotoxicity, ecotoxicological challenges, and solutions to be undertaken by ecotoxicologists, are discussed.
Finally, risk assessments related to the approaches that can be used for the optimization of nanotechnology
are also mentioned.
It is high time that nanotechnology gets reconsideration and uncompromising attention at the public
and private level regarding its use, handling, storage, proper treatment, and disposal. Also, risk analysis
and establishment of regulatory guidelines for the optimization and safe practice of nanotechnology for
humans less harmful to the environment are recommended.
The Deposition of Titanium Dioxide Nanostructures Layer Using One-step Solution Process and Spin-coating Technique
Authors: Achoi Mohd. F. , Soga Tetsuo , Mahmood Mohammad R. , Abdullah Saifollah 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is an oxide-based material that has been recently
discovered by many researchers owing to its properties such as a good absorber with excellent optical
properties and the best stability compared to lead, Pb, which is not stable in the ambient air and
is a toxic material. TiO2 is a non-toxic material and is not hazardous to the environment. TiO2 became
a favored choice in selecting as a layer because of faster electron extraction and suitable bandgap
energy.

Objective:
In this study, we deposited and optimized TiO2 at different TiO2 precursor molar concentrations
varying between 0.005 - 0.05M.

Methods:
A one-step solution process and a low-temperature processing spin-coating technique
were used.

Results:
Using the field emission scanning electron microscope, it was found that the surface morphology
of the TiO2 Nanostructures Layer (NsL) was evenly distributed, presenting a homogeneous
surface. An atomic force microscope showed that the TiO2 NsL appeared as a uniform,
dense and compact surface close to each other. It was revealed that the surface roughness value
(RMS) was 47.72nm, and the thickness of TiO2 NsL (Pmax) was 26.82nm. Besides, the surface coverage
was good and uniform, while the percentage of surface roughness was found to be 11.8% using
a surface profiler. The Ultra-violet visible spectroscopy showed the bandgap energy of 3.11
eV.

Conclusion:
The optimum result suggests that TiO2 NsL, as an electron transport layer (ETL),
could be used for fabrication in the architecture engineering structure of Bi- perovskite based solar
cell devices in the future.
Nano Hydroxyapatite (nano-HAp): A Potential Bioceramic for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Saxena Varun , Pandey Lalit , Srivatsan Tirumalai S. 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is one of the most studied biomimetic method for
biomedical applications. Especially, nano-HAp has been utilized for bone tissue engineering and
various other orthopedic applications. HAp possesses different suitable properties such as bioactivity,
biodegradability, and cell proliferation efficiency for bone tissue engineering applications. Yet,
it lacks in self-antibacterial activity, high surface area, and target efficiency.

Results:
In this direction, researchers have focused on exploring the required surface as well as the
inherent properties of HAp at the nanoscale. These properties are largely dependent on the composition,
size, and morphology of the nano-HAp. Hence, nano-HAp has been found to be an excellent
candidate with an attractive combination of properties for selection and use in biomedical applications,
those required to enhanced biological responses. Further, depending on the type of application,
these factors can be tuned to optimize the performance.

Conclusion:
In this review article, we focus on the chemical structure of HAp and the routes chosen
and used for the synthesis of the nano-HAp. The role of various parameters in controlling synthesis
at the nanoscale is presented and briefly discussed. In addition, we provide an overview of the
various applications for the pristine and doped nano-HAp with recent examples in areas spanning
the following: (i) bone tissue engineering applications, (ii) drug delivery applications, (iii) surface
coatings, and (iv) scaffolds. The effect of chemical composition on the mechanical properties, surface
properties, and biological properties are also highlighted. Nano-HAp is found to be highly proficient
in its biomedical applications, especially bone tissue engineering applications. The nano--
sized properties enhance the biological responses. The dopant ions that replace the Ca ion into the
hydroxyapatite (HAp) lattice play a crucial role in its biomedical applications.
Efficacy of Short Message Service Text Messaging Interventions for Postoperative Pain Management: Systematic Review
Authors: Buck Christoph , Keweloh Christian , Bouras Adam , Simoes Eduardo J 
Published: April 2021

Background
Addiction to opiates and synthetic opioids poses a major threat to public health worldwide, with pharmaceutical opioids prescribed to manage pain constituting the main problem. To counteract this threat, suitable pain management strategies should be implemented in health care. Monitoring pain management seems to be feasible using telemedicine with a certain degree of resource intensity and digitization. As a communication channel for this type of monitoring, SMS appears to be a valid alternative.

Objective
The aim of this systematic literature review was to (1) provide information on the state of research regarding postoperative pain management via SMS, (2) establish a basic understanding of SMS-based pain management, and (3) provide insight into the feasibility of these management strategies. The research question was as follows: Is postoperative pain management feasible and effective utilizing SMS?

Methods
A systematic literature review was performed mainly following the PRISMA guidelines and another guide on performing a systematic literature review for information systems–related research. A search string was developed based on the objectives and research question, and eight databases were searched.

Results
The initial search resulted in 2083 records, which could be narrowed down by applying various exclusion criteria. Thereby, 11 articles were identified as relevant, which were accordingly analyzed and evaluated by full-text screening. In all articles, pain management interventions were performed using SMS communication between health care professionals and patients or their legal guardians. A prospective approach was predominantly chosen as the study design (91%) with the leading research objective of determining the intervention’s feasibility (73%). The primary reason for sending SMS messages was to monitor patients (64%). Overall, the use of SMS improved adherence, acceptance, and satisfaction regarding postoperative pain management. With an average response rate of approximately 89.5% (SD 3.8%), the reliability of SMS as a communication and monitoring tool was further emphasized. This response rate is significantly higher than that for email interventions (66.63%, P<.001).

Conclusions
This study provides a comprehensive picture of the current status on postoperative pain management by SMS. Communication via SMS was beneficial in all interventions, even preoperative. Six SMS interventions could be certified by the respective institutional review board and three were Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act–compliant. Therefore, the results of this study could be leveraged to address the opioid epidemic. Overall, the research question could be confirmed. Future research should extend this systematic literature review regarding preoperative pain management. Based on these findings, a pre- and postoperative communication model should be developed to address the opioid epidemic effectively.
Using a Web-Based Quiz Game as a Tool to Summarize Essential Content in Medical School Classes: Retrospective Comparative Study
Authors: Yuenyongviwat Varah , Bvonpanttarananon Jongdee 
Published: April 2021

Background
Kahoot! is a web-based technology quiz game in which teachers can design their own quizzes via provided game templates. The advantages of these games are their attractive interfaces, which contain stimulating music, moving pictures, and colorful, animated shapes to maintain students’ attentiveness while they perform the quizzes.

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of Kahoot! compared with a traditional teaching approach as a tool to summarize the essential content of a medical school class in the aspects of final examination scores and the perception of students regarding aspects of their learning environment and of process management.

Methods
This study used an interrupted time series design, and retrospective data were collected from 85 medical students. Of these 85 students, 43 completed a Kahoot! quiz, while 42 students completed a paper quiz. All students attended a lecture on the topic of bone and joint infection and participated in a short case discussion. Students from both groups received the same content and study material, with the exception that at the end of the lesson, students in the Kahoot! group completed a quiz summarizing the essential content from the lecture, whereas the other group received a paper quiz with the same questions and the teacher provided an explanation after the students had finished. The students’ satisfaction was evaluated after the class, and their final examination was held 2 weeks after the class.

Results
The mean final examination score in the Kahoot! group was 62.84 (SD 8.79), compared to 60.81 (SD 9.25) in the control group (P=.30). The students’ satisfaction with the class environment, learning process management, and teacher were not significantly different between the 2 groups (all P>.05).

Conclusions
In this study, it was found that using Kahoot! as a tool to summarize the essential content in medical school classes involving a lecture and case discussion did not affect the students’ final examination scores or their satisfaction with the class environment, learning process management, or teacher.