bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of Thrombotic Events and Other Complications in Anticoagulant Users Infected With SARS-CoV-2: An Observational Cohort Study in Primary Health Care in SIDIAP (Catalonia, Spain)
Authors: Giner-Soriano Maria , Gomez-Lumbreras Ainhoa , Vedia Cristina , Ouchi Dan , Morros Rosa 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background The risk of thromboembolic events and COVID-19 complications in anticoagulated patients once hospitalized has been widely analyzed. We aim to assess these outcomes in primary health care (PHC) patients chronically treated with oral anticoagulants (OAC) in comparison with non-treated. Methods Cohort study including adults with COVID-19 diagnosis in the PHC records in Catalonia, Spain; from March to June 2020. Patients were matched between exposed and non-exposed to OAC based on age and gender in a 1:2 design. Data source is the Information System for Research in Primary Care (SIDIAP). ResultsWe included 11,828 (33.3%) patients previously exposed to OAC, who were matched by age and sex to 23,656 (66.7%) non-exposed to OAC. Their mean age was 79.3 and 51% were women. Anticoagulated patients had a higher risk of hospital admission (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.22-1.38), and of stroke and pulmonary embolism than non-anticoagulated (OR 2.5, 95% CI 2.04-3.06). The risk of pneumonia was not different between groups (OR 1.09, 95% CI 0.95-1.26). We found a lower risk of death in patients exposed to OAC (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.83-0.93). ConclusionsOAC users in our study had more comorbidities and were older than non-users, well known risks for hospitalization being confirmed with our results. We also found in our study that OAC exposure was not associated to an increased risk in the mortality rate, although we cannot assess the effect of the interventions applied during hospital admission on the COVID-19 outcomes, as our database is a PHC database. EUPAS register: EUPAS37205
Analysis of matched primary and recurrent BRCA1/2 mutation-associated tumors identifies recurrence-specific drivers
Authors: Shah Jennifer , Pueschl Dana , Wubbenhorst Bradley , Pluta John , D.Andrea Kurt , Hubert Anna , Shilan Jake , Zhou Wenting , Kraya Adam , Llop-Guevara Alba , Ruan Catherine , Serra Violeta , Balmaña Judith , Feldman Michael , Nayak Anupma , Maxwell Kara , Domchek Susan , Nathanson Katherine 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Recurrence is a major cause of death among BRCA1/2 mutation carriers with breast (BrCa) and ovarian cancers (OvCa). We performed multi-omic sequencing on 67 paired primary and recurrent BrCa and OvCa from 27 BRCA1/2 mutation carriers to identify potential recurrence-specific drivers. PARP1 amplifications were identified in recurrences (FDR q = 0.05), and PARP1 was significantly overexpressed across primary BrCa and recurrent BrCa and OvCa, independent of amplification status. RNA-seq analysis found two BRCA2 isoforms, BRCA2-201/Long and BRCA2-001/Short, predicted sensitive and insensitive to nonsense-mediated decay, respectively. BRCA2-001/Short was expressed more frequently in recurrences and associated with reduced overall survival in breast cancer (87 vs. 121 months; HR = 2.5 [1.18–5.5]). Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) status was discordant in 25% of patient’s primary and recurrent tumors, with switching between both LOH and lack of LOH found. Our study revealed multiple potential drivers of recurrent disease in BRCA1/2 mutation-associated cancer, improving our understanding of tumor evolution and suggesting potential biomarkers.
Uncertainty Estimator-Based Sliding Mode Control For a Novel Spherical Robot With Cable Transmission Mechanism
Authors: Zhang Lufeng , Ren Xuemei , Zheng Dongdong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a new spherical robot with a cable transmission mechanism. Cable transmission mechanism replaces conventional gear train to eliminate the influence of gear backlash, lower the costs on mechanical customization, and can be arranged flexibly. By projection method, the 3D robot dynamic model with structural asymmetry is decoupled into balance subsystem and velocity subsystem, and the kinetics equations are established based on Newton-Euler's law. To estimate the unknown structural dynamics in the balance subsystem and external disturbance in the velocity subsystem, adaptive law containing both control and estimation error information is proposed for the uncertainty estimator (UE) design. Then, an uncertainty estimator-based sliding mode controller (UESMC) is introduced for balance and velocity control, leading to enhanced disturbance rejection capability and a reduced steady-state error. Simulations and experiments on a real spherical robot are conducted to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed control strategies.
Comparing The Impact On The Prognosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction Critical Patients of Using Midazolam, Propofol, and Dexmedetomidine for Sedation
Authors: Jiang Xiaowei , Yan Min 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: There are less studies focusing on the sedative therapy of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) critical patients. This study aim to compare the impact on the prognosis of AMI critical patients of using midazolam, propofol and dexmedetomidine. Methods: We collected clinical data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC III) database. Data on 427 AMI patients with sedatives using were recruited from in Coronary Heart Disease Intensive Care unit (CCU) . Results: There were 143 patients in midazolam using, 272 in propofol using and 28 in dexmedetomidine using. The rate of 28-days mortality was 23.9% in overall patients. Through logistic regression analysis, midazolam using was significant association with increased 28-days mortality when compared with non-midazolam using group (propofol or dexmedetomidine using). In the subgroup analysis of age, gender, body mass index (BMI), white blood cell (WBC), beta-block, and revascularization, the association between midazolam using and increased 28-days mortality remained significantly. Through propensity score matching, 140 patients using midazolam groups and 192 using non-midazolam on the sedation were successfully matched, the midazolam using group presented with higher rate of CCU mortality, hospital mortality and 28-days mortality, longer of mechanical ventilation time and CCU duration.Conclusion: Propofol or dexmedetomidine is prefer to be used in AMI critical patients for sedative therapy.
Female Homicides and Femicides in Ecuador: A Nationwide Ecological Analysis From 2001-2017
Authors: Ortiz-Prado Esteban , Villagran Paola , Abarca Ana M , Henriquez Aquiles R , Simbaña-Rivera Katherine , Gómez-Barreno Lenin , Diaz Ana M. , Moyano Carla E , Arcos-Valle Vanessa , Miño Maria Dolores , Morgan Sara 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Gender-based violence is a major public health concern arising from the structural discrimination of women and girls. In 2014, Ecuador criminalized acts of femicide in response to a growing crisis across the region. As no epidemiological studies on the state of female homicides have been published, we estimated trends occurring between 2001 and 2017. Methods: Using data from the National Institute of Census and Statistics we estimated the annual mortality rates, cumulative incidence and incidence risks differences for female homicides, from 2001 – 2017. The impact of aggressions, assaults and violence on years of life lost due to premature mortality was estimated using the Human Capital method. Results: Over the period, at least 3,236 cases of female homicides were reported. The highest murder rate occurred in the province of Sucumbíos (6·5 per 100,000) and in the Putumayo canton (12·5 per 100,000). The most common way to murder their victims was using firearms (38%). The highest incidence risk was estimated for women aged between 25-29, at 4·5 (3·9 – 5·1), of primary school attainment at 17·2 (14·6 - 20·3) and of Afro-Ecuadoran descent 18·1 (10·5- 30·9). Femicide-related costs reached, on average, $35 million per year and more than $500 million lost from 2001 to 2017. Conclusions: The high rates, distribution and cost indicate that investments are urgently needed to address the structural causes and reduce the impact of femicides in Ecuador; thereby protecting the livelihood and well-being of their women and girls.
How Accurate Geomagnetic Regional Modeling Using Ordinary Kriging For Clustered Distributed Data?: New Insight From Indonesian Archipelago
Authors: Syirojudin Muhamad , Haryono Eko , Ahadi Suaidi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Indonesia relies only on the limited number of repeat station networks due to the archipelago setting with the extensive sea with the clustery distributed pattern. This paper explored geostatistical modeling to overcome that typical data characteristic. The modeling used repeat station data from the 1985 to 2015 epoch. The research used ordinary kriging (OK) compared to the Spherical Cap Harmonic Analysis (SCHA) and Polynomial. The results show that the root means square error (RMSE) of each declination, inclination, and total intensity vary among epochs. OK method for declination component produces smaller average RMSE (7.67 minutes) than SCHA (9.26 minutes) and Polynomial (7.97minutes). For the inclination component, OK has an average RMSE of 9.55 minutes, smaller than SCHA (10.05) but slightly higher than Polynomial (9.36 minutes). For the total intensity component, OK produce an average RMSE of 63.58 nT, smaller than SCHA (82.24 nT) and Polynomial (68.97 nT). The finding shows that the kriging method can be a promising method to model the regional geomagnetic field, especially in the area of limited available data and clustered distributed data.
Intrinsic Signal Processed Non-Linearity Tolerant Novel 2-Tier Star Constellation
Authors: khaki zahid , Qazi Gausia 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In coherent optical systems, optical fiber non-linearity is a consistent limiting factor towards the effective signal-to-noise ratio though being mitigated by various digital signal processing based approaches. In this paper, an intrinsic method of signal processing based on the shape of the input constellation is employed to yield a novel non-linearity tolerant geometric constellation. 16-QAM back-to-back coherent system is optimized for minimum value of non-linear interference, and a novel 2-tier star constellation using sequential quadratic programming algorithm is proposed. The values of second and fourth order moments of input obtained for the optimized 2-tier star constellation are 1.19 and 1.70 respectively, resulting in an overall reduction of non-linear interference.
Endemicity And Genetic Diversity of Hepatitis Delta Virus Among Pygmies In Cameroon, Central Africa.
Authors: Foupouapouognigni Yacouba , Toumansie Jacques Delors Mfonkou , Boyomo Onana , Gessain Antoine , Njouom Richard 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
A single study conducted two decades ago on hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infections among Baka Pygmies in Cameroon reported a very high antibody prevalence of 46%, but HDV genetic diversity has not yet been studied in this remote population. In the present study, we investigated the HDV seroprevalence and the genotype diversity in the three main Cameroonian Pygmy populations with chronic HBV infection. An unusually high (69.2%) level of HDV infection was found among HBsAg-positive Pygmies in Cameroon. Phylogenetic analyses showed the co-circulation of highly diverse HDV genotypes HDV-1 and HDV-7 in this population. These results highlighted the endemicity of HDV infection in Central Africa and suggest an african origin of HDV.
Comparison of The Peritoneal Dialysis and Continuous Veno-Venous Hemodiafiltration in 16 Neonates With Maple Syrup Urine Disease
Authors: DEGER Ibrahim , Çelik Muhittin , Taş Ibrahim , Samancı Serhat 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) is a well-known treatment modality for patients with acute renal failure and has been increasingly used for the treatment of metabolic disorders such as Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD) in recent years. Herein, we aimed to discuss our experience in 16 newborn patients with MSUD who were treated with urgent renal replacement therapy (RRT).Materials and Method: The data of patients who presented with an acute metabolic crisis due to Maple syrup urine disease and who were treated with RRT at Neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) between November 2016 and March 2020 were retrospectively evaluated. The patients underwent continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) as renal replacement therapy.Results: The study enrolled a total of 16 patients, of which 8 were male and 8 were female. Eleven (68.75%) patients underwent CVVHDF and five (31.25%) underwent peritoneal dialysis. The median post-treatment leucine level was 198(20-721) μmol/L in the CVVHDF group and 1050(303-1653) μmol/L in the PD group; the median leucine reduction rate per hour was 2.56% (1.75-7.6) in the CVVHDF group and 0.78% (0.54-1.83) in the PD group. There was a significant difference between both groups regarding both parameters (p= 0.08, p=0.001, respectively). Complications such as hypotension, electrolyte imbalance, and filter obstruction occurred in the CVVHDF group while catheter revision was needed due to catheter obstruction in one patient in the PD group.Conclusion: This study showed that CVVHDF is more effective than PD for rapidly eliminating elevated Leucine levels caused by MSUD in the newborn and it is not associated with increased complication rates.
Digital Droplet PCR (ddPCR) for Detection and Quantitation of Hepatitis Delt Virus
Authors: Xu Ling , Zhang Xiangying , Cao Yaling , Fan Zihao , Tian Yuan , Zou Huaibin , Duan Zhongping , Ren Feng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background & Aims

The prevalence of hepatitis delt virus (HDV) far exceeds our expected level, there remains a lack of reliable quantitative assays for HDV RNA detection. We sought to develop a new method based on digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) for HDV RNA quantitative detection.
Methods

With plasmid (pMD19T) containing HDV full-genome, we determined the method for ddPCR-based HDV RNA quantification. To compare various assays for HDV detection, 30 cases diagnosed hepatitis D and 14 controls were examined by ELISA, RT-PCR and ddPCR. 728 HBV-related patients including 182 chronic hepatitis B (CHB), 182 liver cirrhosis (LC), 182 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 182 liver failure (LF) were screened for HDV infection.
Results

The limit of detection of ddPCR for HDV is significantly low, which lower limit of detection (LLoD) and lower limit of quantitation (LLoQ) to be 5.51 copies/reaction (95% CI: 1.15–6.4*105) and 0.18 copies/reaction (95% CI: 0.0012151- 0.76436), respectively. Among the 44 samples, ELISA detected 30 cases positive for anti-HDV, ddPCR reported 24 samples and RT-PCR reported 10 samples positive for HDV RNA. Moreover, the positive rates of anti-HDV IgG were 1.1%, 3.3%, 2.7% and 7.1% in patients with CHB, LC, HCC, and LF; the detection rates of RT-PCR in HDV RNA were 0%, 16.67%, 15.4% and 20%, however, the detection rates of ddPCR were 0%, 33.33%, 30.77% and 60%.
Conclusion

We establish a high sensitivity and high specificity quantitative HDV RNA detection method based on ddPCR compared to RT-PCR. HBV-related end-stage liver disease, especially liver failure, are associated with a remarkably high rate of HDV infection.
Can Cardiac Biomarkers (Troponin-I and CK-MB) Indicate Disease Severity and Predict Mortality in Septic Newborns?
Authors: Orman Ayşen , Altun Mustafa Maksut , Benli Samet , Çağlar Atika , Taşkın Erdal , Hakan Nilay , Aydin Mustafa 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Aim: Sepsis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality for newborn babies. Cardiac involvement plays an important role in the pathophysiology of sepsis and has a significant effect on prognosis. In this study, the relationship between cardiac biomarkers, such as troponin-I (cTnI) and creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB) levels, and prognosis in neonatal sepsis were investigated.Methods: A total of 87 patients with culture positive sepsis (Group I, n = 26) or clinical sepsis (Group II, n =61) were included in the study. The control group (Group III) consisted of 42 non-septic otherwise healthy newborns. The demographic data of the cases (gestational age, postnatal age, gender, age at diagnosis) and laboratory examination results (complete blood count, C-reactive protein, cTnI, CK-MB, blood gases and lactate and culture-antibiogram results) were recorded in the previously prepared study forms. In addition, the outcome (survival or death), and short- and long-term prognosis of the cases (epilepsy, neuromotor disability, vision-hearing problems, etc.) were also recorded.Results: No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of gender, gestational age and birth weight. CK-MB level was high in 77%, 74%, and 71% of cases for Group I, Group II and Group III, respectively. No statistically significant difference was found in the rates of CK-MB levels in the patients who died and survived (15.8% and 11.8%, respectively) (p > 0.05). The cTnI cut-off value for the newborns included in the study was found to be 0.13 ng/ml (sensitivity 89.5%, specificity 90.9%). It was observed that a 0.001 unit increase in cTnI value (p =0.012) increased the risk of death 1.4 times.Conclusion: There is a relationship between cTnI test abnormality and mortality in septic newborns. However, multi-center studies involving more cases are needed to determine the relationship between cTnI test abnormality and long-term prognosis of patients.
Direct Repair of Extensor Mechanism Disruption After Total Knee Arthroplasty “A Case Series of 31 Patients”
Authors: Li Tie-jian , Sun Jing-yang , Du Yin-qiao , Shen Jun-min , Zhang Bo-han , Zhou Yonggang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Extensor mechanism disruption following total knee arthroplasty is a destructive complication with poor outcomes. Presently, limited data exists regarding the direct repair therapy and long-term outcomes. This study was to evaluate the clinical results and complications of direct repair therapy, and compare it with similar studies to determine whether there is a better treatment.
Methods

During the period of 2008 to 2020, 31 patients underwent direct repair for an extensor mechanism disruption after total knee arthroplasty (15 patellar fractures, 9 patellar tendon disruptions, and 7 quadriceps tendon disruptions). Mean follow-up was 4.9 years. Demographic, operative, and clinical data were collected. The following statistical methods will be employed to analyze the data: descriptive statistics, paired t test, and the Kaplan-Meier method.
Results

For all 31 patients underwent direct repair for extensor mechanism disruption, 6 patients failed : 2 knees (6%) of infections and 4 knees (13%) of re-rupture. ROM was 94.1° ± 15.7° preoperatively to 73° ±52° postoperatively, average extensor lag reduced from 45° to 20.2° at follow-up, and the WOMAC and HSS averaged 65 and 72 points. The Kaplan-Meier estimated survivorship with failure for complications as the end point was 81% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 42.7% to73.3%) at 12 years.
Conclusion

Direct repair of the extensor mechanism disruption is not an ideal therapy, it’s actually ineffective for the recovery of knee joint function in patients, and will remain severe knee extension lag. No matter which part of the extensor mechanism disruption, direct repair should not be the preferred treatment
Application of a Novel Artificial Neural Network Model in Flood Forecasting
Authors: Wang Guangsheng , Yang Jianqing , Hu Yuzhong , Li Jingbing , Yin Zhjie 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a novel ANN flood forecasting model is proposed. The ANN model is combined with traditional hydrological concepts and methods, takes the initial Antecedent Precipitation Index (API), rainfall, upstream inflow and initial flow at the forecast river section as input of model. The distributed rainfall is realized as the input of the model. The simulation is processed by dividing the watershed into several rainfall-runoff processing units. Two hidden layers are used in the ANN, and the topology of ANN is optimized by connecting the hidden layer neurons only with the input which has physical conceptual causes. Topological structure of the proposed ANN model and its information transmission process are more consistent with the physical conception of rainfall-runoff, and the weight parameters of the model are reduced. The arithmetic moving-average algorithm is added to the output of the model to simulate the pondage action of the watershed. Satisfactory results have been achieved in the upstream of Second Songhua river in Songhua basin from the Baishan reservoir to Fengman reservoir sections, and the Mozitan and Xianghongdian reservoirs in the upper reaches of Pi river in Huaihe Basin in China.
Variation of Aulacoseira Granulata As An Eco-Pollution Indicator In Sub-Tropical Large River Ganga In India: A Multivariate Analytical Approach
Authors: Mohanty Trupti Rani , Tiwari Nitish Kumar , Kumari Suman , Ray Archisman , Manna Ranjan Kumar , Bayen Supriti , Roy Shreya , Gupta Subhadeep Das , Ramteke Mitesh Hiradas , Swain Himanshu Sekhar , Bhor Manisha , Das Basanta Kumar 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Aulacoseira granulata (Ehrenberg) Simonsen 1979 is one of the major ecological indicators of the water quality of lotic as well as lentic aquatic ecosystems. To assess major environmental factors contributor to A.granulata bloom in the riverine system, a study was carried out from 2018 to 2019 comprising four different seasons at 11 sampling sites of river Ganga in the middle and lower stretch of river Ganga comprising freshwater and estuarine zones. For the analysis, different univariate, as well as multivariate analytical tools such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Water pollution Index (WPI), were used. In the finding, it was observed that the average abundance of Aulacoseira granulata was found maximum during the winter season. Among all the studied sites, the maximum average abundance was at Balagarh (71576 cell l-1) and minimum at Diamond Harbour (68 cell l-1). The environmental factors such as dissolved oxygen, depth, and altitude showed a positive and water temperature negatively influencing the growth rate of A. granulate. WPI showed a significantly negative correlation with cell length. Finally, the study concludes that the blooming of Aulacoseira granulata is highly influenced by varied environmental conditions along the river Ganga suggesting possible eutrophication. Therefore, a certain minimum flow and depth especially during the lean season have to be maintained for the sustenance of planktonic biota in the river Ganga.