bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel hybrid SEIQR model incorporating the effect of quarantine and lockdown regulations for COVID-19
Authors: Prabakaran R. , Jemimah Sherlyn , Rawat Puneet , Sharma Divya , Gromiha M. Michael 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMitigating the devastating effect of COVID-19 is necessary to control the infectivity and mortality rates. Hence, several strategies such as quarantine of exposed and infected individuals and restricting movement through lockdown of geographical regions have been implemented in most countries. On the other hand, standard SEIR based mathematical models have been developed to understand the disease dynamics of COVID-19, and the proper inclusion of these restrictions is the rate-limiting step for the success of these models. In this work, we have developed a hybrid Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Quarantined-Removed (SEIQR) model to explore the influence of quarantine and lockdown on disease propagation dynamics. The model is multi-compartmental, and it considers everyday variations in lockdown regulations, testing rate and quarantine individuals. Our model predicts a considerable difference in reported and actual recovered and deceased cases in qualitative agreement with recent reports.
Inhibition of class I HDACs preserves hair follicle inductivity in postnatal dermal cells
Authors: Park Minji , Jang Sunhyae , Chung Jin Ho , Kwon Ohsang , Jo Seong Jin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractInduction of new hair follicles (HFs) may be an ultimate treatment goal for alopecia; however, functional cells with HF inductivity must be expanded in bulk for clinical use. In vitro culture conditions are completely different from the in vivo microenvironment. Although fetal and postnatal dermal cells (DCs) have the potential to induce HFs, they rapidly lose this HF inductivity during culture, accompanied by a drastic change in gene expression. This suggests that epigenetic regulation may be involved. Of the various histone deacetylases (HDACs), Class I HDACs are noteworthy because they are ubiquitously expressed and have the strongest deacetylase activity. This study revealed that DCs from postnatal mice rapidly lose HF inductivity and that this reduction is accompanied by a significant decrease in histone H3 acetylation. However, MS-275, an inhibitor of class I HDACs, preserves HF inductivity in DCs during culture, increasing alkaline phosphatase activity and upregulating HF inductive genes such as BMP4, HEY1, and WIF1. In addition, the inhibition of class I HDACs activates the Wnt signaling pathway, the most well-described molecular pathway in HF development, via increased histone H3 acetylation within the promoter region of the Wnt transcription factor LEF1. Our results suggest that class I HDACs could be a potential target for the neogenesis of HFs.
Machine learning assisted optimization of blending process of polyphenylene sulfide with elastomer using high speed twin screw extruder
Authors: Takada Shingo , Suzuki Toru , Takebayashi Yoshihiro , Ono Takumi , Yoda Satoshi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractRandom forest regression was applied to optimize the melt-blending process of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) with poly(ethylene-glycidyl methacrylate-methyl acrylate) (E-GMA-MA) elastomer to improve the Charpy impact strength. A training dataset was constructed using four elastomers with different GMA and MA contents by varying the elastomer content up to 20 wt% and the screw rotation speed of the extruder up to 5000 rpm at a fixed barrel temperature of 300 °C. Besides the controlled parameters, the following measured parameters were incorporated into the descriptors for the regression: motor torque, polymer pressure, and polymer temperatures monitored by infrared-ray thermometers installed at four positions (T1 to T4) as well as the melt viscosity and elastomer particle diameter of the product. The regression without prior knowledge revealed that the polymer temperature T1 just after the first kneading block is an important parameter next to the elastomer content. High impact strength required high elastomer content and T1 below 320 °C. The polymer temperature T1 was much higher than the barrel temperature and increased with the screw speed due to the heat of shear. The overheating caused thermal degradation, leading to a decrease in the melt viscosity and an increase in the particle diameter at high screw speed. We thus reduced the barrel temperature to keep T1 around 310 °C. This increased the impact strength from 58.6 kJ m−2 as the maximum in the training dataset to 65.3 and 69.0 kJ m−2 at elastomer contents of 20 and 30 wt%, respectively.
Using dynamic time warping self-organizing maps to characterize diurnal patterns in environmental exposures
Authors: Li Kenan , Sward Katherine , Deng Huiyu , Morrison John , Habre Rima , Franklin Meredith , Chiang Yao-Yi , Ambite Jose Luis , Wilson John P. , Eckel Sandrah P. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAdvances in measurement technology are producing increasingly time-resolved environmental exposure data. We aim to gain new insights into exposures and their potential health impacts by moving beyond simple summary statistics (e.g., means, maxima) to characterize more detailed features of high-frequency time series data. This study proposes a novel variant of the Self-Organizing Map (SOM) algorithm called Dynamic Time Warping Self-Organizing Map (DTW-SOM) for unsupervised pattern discovery in time series. This algorithm uses DTW, a similarity measure that optimally aligns interior patterns of sequential data, both as the similarity measure and training guide of the neural network. We applied DTW-SOM to a panel study monitoring indoor and outdoor residential temperature and particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5) for 10 patients with asthma from 7 households near Salt Lake City, UT; the patients were followed for up to 373 days each. Compared to previous SOM algorithms using timestamp alignment on time series data, the DTW-SOM algorithm produced fewer quantization errors and more detailed diurnal patterns. DTW-SOM identified the expected typical diurnal patterns in outdoor temperature which varied by season, as well diurnal patterns in PM2.5which may be related to daily asthma outcomes. In summary, DTW-SOM is an innovative feature engineering method that can be applied to highly time-resolved environmental exposures assessed by sensors to identify typical diurnal (or hourly or monthly) patterns and provide new insights into the health effects of environmental exposures.
PP2A phosphatase inhibition is anti-fibrotic through Ser77 phosphorylation-mediated ARNT/ARNT homodimer formation
Authors: Nyamsuren Gunsmaa , Rapp Gregor , Dihazi Hassan , Zeisberg Elisabeth M. , Tampe Desiree , Tampe Björn , Zeisberg Michael 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) mediates anti-fibrotic activity in kidney and liver through induction of ALK3-receptor expression and subsequently increased Smad1/5/8 signaling. While expression of ARNT can be pharmacologically induced by sub-immunosuppressive doses of FK506 or by GPI1046, its anti-fibrotic activity is only realized when ARNT-ARNT homodimers form, as opposed to formation of ARNT-AHR or ARNT-HIF1α heterodimers. Mechanisms underlying ARNTs dimerization decision to specifically form ARNT–ARNT homodimers and possible cues to specifically induce ARNT homodimerization have been previously unknown. Here, we demonstrate that phosphorylation of the Ser77 residue is critical for ARNT–ARNT homodimer formation and stabilization. We further demonstrate that inhibition of PP2A phosphatase activity by LB100 enhances ARNT–ARNT homodimers both in vivo and in vitro (mouse tubular epithelial cells and human embryonic kidney cells). In murine models of kidney fibrosis, and also of liver fibrosis, combinations of FK506 or GPI1046 (to induce ARNT expression) with LB100 (to enhance ARNT homodimerization) elicit additive anti-fibrotic activities. Our study provides additional evidence for the anti-fibrotic activity of ARNT–ARNT homodimers and reveals Ser77 phosphorylation as a novel pharmacological target to realize the therapeutic potential of increased ARNT transactivation activity.
Transcriptomic and metabolic analyses revealed the modulatory effect of vernalization on glucosinolate metabolism in radish (Raphanus sativus L.)
Authors: Nugroho Adji Baskoro Dwi , Lee Sang Woo , Pervitasari Aditya Nurmalita , Moon Heewon , Choi Dasom , Kim Jongkee , Kim Dong-Hwan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractVernalization is the process by which long-term cold like winter triggers transition to flowering in plants. Many biennial and perennial plants including Brassicaceae family plants require vernalization for floral transition. Not only floral transition, but dynamic physiological and metabolic changes might also take place during vernalization. However, vernalization-mediated metabolic change is merely investigated so far. One of secondary metabolites found in Brassiceceae family plants is glucosinolates (GSLs). GSLs provides defense against pathogens and herbivores attack in plants and also exhibits inhibitory activity against human cancer cell. Profiles of GSLs are highly modulated by different environmental stresses in Brassciaceae family plants. To grasp the effect of vernalization on GSLs metabolic dynamics in radish (Raphanus sativus L.), we performed transcriptomic and metabolic analysis during vernalization in radish. Through transcriptome analysis, we found many GSLs metabolic genes were significantly down-regulated by vernalization in radish plants. Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography analysis also revealed that GSLs compounds were substantially reduced in vernalized radish samples compared to non-vernalized radish samples. Furthermore, we found that repressive histone modification (i.e. H3K27me3) is involved in the modulation of GSLs metabolism via epigenetic suppression of Glucoraphasatin Synthase 1 (GRS1) during vernalization in radish. This study revealed that GSLs metabolism is modulated by vernalization, suggestive of a newly identified target of vernalization in radish.
Voltammetric detection of sumatriptan in the presence of naproxen using Fe3O4@ZIF-8 nanoparticles modified screen printed graphite electrode
Authors: Tajik Somayeh , Shahsavari Mahboobeh , Sheikhshoaie Iran , Garkani Nejad Fariba , Beitollahi Hadi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA novel electrochemical sensing platform was designed and prepared for the simultaneous detection of sumatriptan and naproxen by exploiting the prowess of the Fe3O4@ZIF-8 nanoparticles (NPs); as-synthesized Fe3O4@ZIF-8 NPs were characterized by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy and thermal gravimetric analysis. The immobilized Fe3O4@ZIF-8 NPs on a screen printed graphite electrode (SPGE) was evaluated electrochemically via cyclic voltammetry, linear sweep voltammetry, and differential pulse voltammetry as well as chronoamprometery means; Fe3O4@ZIF-8/SPGE exhibited good sensing performance for sumatriptan in a range of 0.035–475.0 µM with detection limit of 0.012 µM. Also, Fe3O4@ZIF-8/SPGE exhibited good sensing performance for naproxen in a range of 0.1–700.0 µM with detection limit of 0.03 µM. The modified electrode showed two separate oxidative peaks at 620 mV for sumatriptan and at 830 mV for naproxen with a peak potential separation of 210 mV which was large enough to detect the two drugs simultaneously besides being stable in the long-run with considerable reproducibility. Real sample analyses were carried out to identify the function of fabricated electrode in sensing applications wherein trace amounts of sumatriptan and naproxen could be identified in these samples.
Geometric entanglement of a photon and spin qubits in diamond
Authors: Sekiguchi Yuhei , Yasui Yuki , Tsurumoto Kazuya , Koga Yuta , Reyes Raustin , Kosaka Hideo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractGeometric nature, which appears in photon polarization, also appears in spin polarization under a zero magnetic field. These two polarized quanta, one travelling in vacuum and the other staying in matter, behave the same as geometric quantum bits or qubits, which are promising for noise resilience compared to the commonly used dynamic qubits. Here we show that geometric photon and spin qubits are entangled upon spontaneous emission with the help of the spin − orbit entanglement inherent in a nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond. The geometric spin qubit is defined in a degenerate subsystem of spin triplet electrons and manipulated with a polarized microwave. An experiment shows an entanglement state fidelity of 86.8%. The demonstrated entangled emission, combined with previously demonstrated entangled absorption, generates purely geometric entanglement between remote matters in a process that is insensitive of time, frequency, and space mode matching, which paves the way for building a noise-resilient quantum repeater network or a quantum internet.
Sex differences in white adipose tissue expansion: emerging molecular mechanisms
Authors: Bond Simon T. , Calkin Anna C. , Drew Brian G. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The escalating prevalence of individuals becoming overweight and obese is a rapidly rising global health problem, placing an enormous burden on health and economic systems worldwide. Whilst obesity has well described lifestyle drivers, there is also a significant and poorly understood component that is regulated by genetics. Furthermore, there is clear evidence for sexual dimorphism in obesity, where overall risk, degree, subtype and potential complications arising from obesity all differ between males and females. The molecular mechanisms that dictate these sex differences remain mostly uncharacterised. Many studies have demonstrated that this dimorphism is unable to be solely explained by changes in hormones and their nuclear receptors alone, and instead manifests from coordinated and highly regulated gene networks, both during development and throughout life. As we acquire more knowledge in this area from approaches such as large-scale genomic association studies, the more we appreciate the true complexity and heterogeneity of obesity. Nevertheless, over the past two decades, researchers have made enormous progress in this field, and some consistent and robust mechanisms continue to be established. In this review, we will discuss some of the proposed mechanisms underlying sexual dimorphism in obesity, and discuss some of the key regulators that influence this phenomenon.
Analysis of symbol error rate for intelligent reflecting surface aided communications
Authors: Xu Lei , Wang Zhaorui , Chang Jing , Fang Hongyu , Li Xiaohui 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe recently proposed intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is considered as a promising technology to combat the propagation distance problem in the future communications. However, due to the lack of quantitative analysis and IRS selection scheme from the perspective of symbol error rate (SER) performance, the performance analysis method of asymptotically tight approximation SER is proposed. Firstly, a communication system model aided by an IRS is established. Then, through the reasonable reconstruction between the reflection coefficient and the link coefficient of IRS, the SNR on the forwarding link of IRS satisfies the harmonic mean form. Finally, based on the calculation method of moment generating function (MGF), the asymptotically tight approximation SER formula of the system with simple structure is derived. The simulation results show that, the asymptotically tight approximation SER formula can accurately describe the system SER performance under the low SNR condition. Before the number of IRS reflection unit increases to a certain value, the system SER performance can be effectively improved. Compared with the AF multi‐relay system, IRS aided system has the slightly better SER performance only in the case of low SNR. Our work will provide the important theoretical basis for the IRS selection in practical communications.
Körperliche Aktivität während Corona bei
Beschäftigten im Homeoffice
Authors: Walle Oliver 
Published: December 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Bewegungsmangel gehört zu den führenden
Risikofaktoren für gesundheitliche Probleme, weshalb allgemeine
Empfehlungen von mindestens 150 Minuten pro Woche moderater oder 75 Minuten
intensiver körperlicher Aktivität sprechen. Bereits vor der
Corona-Pandemie zeigte sich in nationalen und internationalen Untersuchungen ein
unzureichendes Bewegungsverhalten der Menschen; in den Untersuchungsgruppen traf
dies teilweise sogar auf über 50% der Proband*innen zu.
Infolge der Pandemie kam es aufgrund des Infektionsschutzes und der damit
einhergehenden Kontaktbeschränkungen zur verstärkten
Homeoffice-Tätigkeit. Dies führte zu einer veränderten
Arbeits- und Lebenssituation und demnach auch zu einem veränderten
Gesundheitsverhalten. In der vorliegenden Studie wurde daher den Fragen
nachgegangen, welche Auswirkungen die Homeoffice-Tätigkeit auf die
körperliche Aktivität der Beschäftigten hatte, welche
Faktoren dabei eine Rolle spielten und welche Erkenntnisse sich für die
Betriebliche Gesundheitsförderung (BGF) ableiten lassen.
Methodik Im Juni 2021 wurde eine Online-Befragung durchgeführt
unter Verwendung des GPAQ-Fragebogens (GPAQ=Global Physical Activity
Questionnaire) der World Health Organization (WHO) sowie ergänzender
Fragen zu Veränderungen des Bewegungs- und Sitzverhaltens und deren
Gründen, zu Aktivitätsbeispielen und Wünschen
für Maßnahmen. Die Auswertung erfolgte für den
GPAQ-Fragebogen auf Basis der WHO-Leitlinie und anschließender
deskriptiver Kennwerte und Häufigkeiten. Die weiteren Variablen wurden
primär mit Häufigkeitsverteilungen sowie Freitextantworten nach
der Methode der qualitativen Datenanalyse (QDA) ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse An der Befragung nahmen 193 Beschäftigte
unterschiedlicher Unternehmen und Branchen teil, davon konnten 183
gültige Datensätze für eine Aktivitätsauswertung
herangezogen werden. 25% wiesen ein geringes, 51% ein moderates
und 24% ein hohes Aktivitätsniveau auf, die durchschnittlichen
Sitzzeiten lagen bei 8,9 Stunden pro Tag. Es zeigte sich sowohl eine
Erhöhung des Aktivitätsverhaltens bei einigen während
der Pandemie als auch eine Verringerung bei anderen. Insgesamt war in Bezug auf
die Sitzzeiten eine deutliche Zunahme zu erkennen. Die qualitativen Daten zeigen
Gründe für die Veränderungen im Bewegungsverhalten auf,
zugleich werden Möglichkeiten zur Förderung der
körperlichen Aktivität genannt.
Schlussfolgerungen Die Studie liefert Erkenntnisse zu den Auswirkungen der
Homeoffice-Tätigkeit während der Corona-Pandemie. Zugleich
werden Potenziale für die BGF im Homeoffice deutlich.
Gesund im Mund – frühkindliche Karies verhindern
Authors: Wagner Yvonne 
Published: December 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie frühkindliche Karies ist eine besonders schwerwiegende Form der Karies, die unbehandelt innerhalb kürzester Zeit zur gesamten Zerstörung des Milchgebisses führen kann. In Deutschland sind bereits 13,7 % der Dreijährigen betroffen. Die Verabreichung zucker- und säurehaltiger Getränke mit der Saugerflasche in Zusammenhang mit der Vernachlässigung der Mundhygiene sind die Hauptrisikofaktoren für die Entstehung. Die Folgen reichen weit über die Mundgesundheit hinaus und beeinträchtigen die gesunde Entwicklung und Lebensqualität der Kinder. Kinderärzte betreuen die Familien bei den Vorsorgeuntersuchungen regelmäßig, können die Zahngesundheit der Kinder einschätzen und die Eltern im Rahmen der U5 bis U9 an den Zahnarzt verweisen. Die Chance besteht darin, die Familien zur Durchführung einer täglichen, sorgfältigen Mundhygiene und zuckerrestriktiven Ernährung zu motivieren.
Corona-Pandemie und Dialyse
Authors: von Gregory Ulrike 
Published: December 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGSeit Frühjahr 2020 hält das Corona-Virus SARS-CoV-2 die Welt in Atem und hat das Leben aller Menschen verändert. Seitenlange Infektionsschutzgesetze, Abstandsregeln und Kontaktbeschränkungen bestimmen das Leben der Menschen auch in Deutschland. Dieser Beitrag setzt sich mit der Frage auseinander, wie diese neuen Regeln und Verbote das Leben der Dialysepatienten beeinflussen. Haben diese über Jahre bis Jahrzehnte chronisch kranken Patienten unter diesen Herausforderungen zu leiden oder gibt es auch positive Aspekte und konnten sie daraus etwas gewinnen? Mittels einer Befragung von 93 Patienten, die im Februar 2021 stattfand, sollte herausgefunden werden, welche Veränderungen oder Einschränkungen die Patienten für sich wahrnehmen.
Das Nicht-Pseudogen HLA‑J ist ein neuer prognostischer Marker für das Ansprechen auf Therapie und das Überleben bei Brustkrebs
Authors: Würfel Franziska M. , Wirtz Ralph M. , Winterhalter Christoph , Taffurelli Mario , Santini Donatella , Mandrioli Anna , Veltrup Elke , Rübner Matthias , Fasching Peter A. , Würfel Wolfgang , Zamagni Claudio 
Published: December 2021

ZusammenfassungHumane Leukozyten-Antigene (HLA) sind Proteine auf der Zelloberfläche, die essenziell für die Immunzellinteraktion sind. HLA‑G ist für seine hohe immunosuppressive Wirkung sowie als potenzieller prädikativer Marker für Brustkrebs bekannt. Dagegen ist kaum etwas über HLA‑J und seine immunosuppressiven, prognostischen und prädiktiven Eigenschaften bekannt, da es basierend auf In-silico-Sequenzanalysen als „Pseudogen“ interpretiert wurde. Die Expression von HLA‑J, ESR1, ERBB2, KRT5 und KRT20 mRNA wurde in 29 frisch gefrorenen Brustkrebsbiopsien analysiert und mit den klinisch-pathologischen Daten von Patientinnen, welche mit neoadjuvanter Chemotherapie behandelt wurden, verglichen. Die mRNA-Expression wurde mit genspezifischen TaqMan-basierten Primer/Probe-Sets analysiert und auf Calmodulin 2 normalisiert. Alle Gewebeproben von Patientinnen mit Brustkrebs exprimierten HLA‑J, und der HLA‑J-mRNA-Spiegel war nach NACT oft erhöht. In den Brustkrebsstanzbiopsien war die HLA-J-mRNA-Expression signifikant mit der Überexpression von ESR1-mRNA (Spearmans ρ 0,5679; p = 0,0090) und KRT5-mRNA (Spearmans ρ 0,6121; p = 0,0041) assoziiert und dominierte im Luminal-B-Subtyp. Die Kaplan-Meier-Analyse zeigte, dass ein Anstieg der HLA-J-mRNA-Expression nach NACT mit einem schlechteren progressionsfreien Überleben einhergeht (p = 0,0096), womöglich als Gegenreaktion des Tumorgewebes, um eine Eliminierung durch tumorinfiltrierende Lymphozyten, welche durch eine NACT induziert wurden, zu verhindern. Diese Gegenreaktion ist mit einer schlechteren Prognose assoziiert. Soweit uns bekannt, handelt es sich hierbei um die erste Studie, die HLA-J als neuen prädiktiven Marker im Brustkrebs identifiziert hat und möglicherweise zur Immunevasion beiträgt.