bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Premarital Abortion—What is the Harm? The Responsibilisation of Women’s Pregnancy Among China’s “Privileged” Daughters
Authors: Xie Kailing 
Published: January 2021

In the West, women’s safe access to abortion services is central to the debate around reproductive freedom. In China, easy access to abortion arrived hand-in-hand with the one-child policy in 1979 as part of the Party-state’s birth control programme. Based on interviews with 31 women and 11 men from the well-educated 1980s generation, and using vignettes to explore attitudes towards premarital sex and abortion in the context of an increasingly sexualized popular culture, and the acceptability of premarital sex but lack of safe sex knowledge, I illustrate a strictly moralised discourse around female sexuality, where the normalisation of abortion practice does not translate into public acceptance of premarital abortion for women. I argue that the responsibilisation of women’s pregnancy reflects persistent patriarchal values and the state’s regulatory power over women’s reproductive bodies. While the heterosexual family remains the only legitimate site for reproduction, Chinese women’s reproductive freedom is subjugated to the priority of maintaining social stability. Hence, permissiveness over premarital abortion should not be simply understood as moral approval of abortion practice, but reflects pragmatic attitudes under a restrictive regime. I further argue that the Chinese case shows that a more nuanced, contextualised approach to understanding reproductive rights is necessary.
At time of publication, the journal operated under the old name. When quoting please refer to the citation on the left using British Journal of Chinese Studies. The pdf of the article still reflects the old journal name; issue number and page range are consistent.
Encompassing the Horse: Analogy, Category, and Scale in the Yijing
Authors: Matthews William 
Published: January 2021

The canonised Yijing had a decisive influence over the development of so-called “correlative cosmology” in China’s early imperial period, presenting the cosmos as knowable through sixty-four hexagrams and classifiable according to eight trigrams. The exact nature of these correlative categories continues to inspire debate. On the one hand, they appear to be defined relationally, but on the other they purport to describe everything in the cosmos in terms of fixed principles. These apparently discordant properties can be reconciled by paying due attention to the role of scale. This is revealed through a focus on the hexagram images as two distinct but interrelated forms of analogy, as human constructs for symbolic manipulation and as empirical descriptors of cosmic circumstances. Adopting perspectives from cognitive linguistics and anthropology, this symbolic manipulation allows unknown situations to be understood metaphorically via the hexagrams, and then metonymically incorporated into a natural category of cosmic circumstances. This transition between metaphoric and metonymic relations is a function of scale, and is reflected in the Yijing’s correlative categories. These correspond to perceived absolute natural kinds, but maintain a relational character dependant on the salience of metaphorical and metonymic relations at different scales.
At time of publication, the journal operated under the old name. When quoting please refer to the citation on the left using British Journal of Chinese Studies. The pdf of the article still reflects the old journal name; issue number and page range are consistent.
The EU and China, 2006 to 2016: A Clash Between Interests and Values
Authors: Brown Kerry 
Published: January 2021

In the last decade, while undergoing its own reform through the Lisbon Treaty in 2009 which created a designated foreign affairs body across the 28 member states, the European External Action Service (EEAS), the European Commission has also produced two major communications on relations with the People’s Republic of China. The first, in 2006, was issued at a time when the European Union (EU) was just recovering from its failure to lift the arms embargo on China, and was being criticised by Beijing because it had not accorded market economy status to a country that had become its largest trading partner. The second came out in 2016, at a time when the relationship had settled into a more pragmatic mould, though the continuing refusal to grant market economy status still rankled with the Chinese partners.
At time of publication of this article, the journal operated under the old name. When quoting please refer to the citation on the left using British Journal of Chinese Studies. The pdf of the article still reflects the old journal name; issue number and page range are consistent.
Analysing Indonesian Media and Government Representation of China
Authors: Febrica Senia , Sudarman Suzie 
Published: January 2021

The discussion of regional leadership in Southeast Asia tends to be dominated by analysis of the relationship between the United States and China. Looking beyond great power competition this article examines how China’s relations with Indonesia and Southeast Asia are represented in Indonesian national media, government documents and statements through a content analysis of government documents and media reports from 2008-2015. This is worth studying because Indonesia is the largest country in Southeast Asia and has its own aspirations of regional leadership. Using semi-structured interviews and content analysis of government documents and newspaper articles, this article presents empirical evidence that is currently lacking in research regarding perception or representation of China. The current literature on Sino-Indonesian relations points to Indonesia’s ambiguity in dealing with China. The findings presented in this article support this line of argument.
At time of publication of this article, the journal operated under the old name. When quoting please refer to the citation on the left using British Journal of Chinese Studies. The pdf of the article still reflects the old journal name; issue number and page range are consistent.
Playful You in the Zhuangzi and Six Dynasties Literati Writing
Authors: Li Xiaofan Ami 
Published: January 2021

This essay explores the notion of you 游in the Zhuangzi and Six Dynasties literati writing through a comparative reading. Used interchangeably with its variant you 遊, you 游has various uses and meanings, from the more literal “swim in water”, “move in an unobstructed way”, “wander”, and “travel afar”, to its extended meanings including “ramble in a carefree way”, “travel playfully”, “travel into foreign or unknown space”, or “enjoy a leisurely activity”. You is also, significantly, combined with other characters to form compound expressions specifying different playful activities, e.g. youxi 游戲: “play and frolic”, “amuse oneself”, or “game”; youwan 游玩: “play outdoors” (with an emphasis on movement); and lüyou 旅游: “travelling for leisure”, or “tourism”—which have very different connotations from lüxing 旅行, “journey”, or “travel (the main purpose of which is not pleasure)”. In these different uses and expressions of you, in both classical and modern Chinese, what we find in common is the connotation of an unhindered, playful movement that is closely connected to its spatial context. In the context of the Zhuangzi and Six Dynasties literature, therefore, can we find articulations of you as a playful activity? If yes, in what specific ways is you playful, especially in regard to the space and context in which it occurs? Finally, what do the differences and similarities between the Zhuangzi and Six Dynasties writing say about the evolution of the notion of you within the Daoist and Neo-Daoist discourse?
At time of publication of this article, the journal operated under the old name. When quoting please refer to the citation on the left using British Journal of Chinese Studies. The pdf of the article still reflects the old journal name; issue number and page range are consistent.
The Naturalisation of Motherhood Within Marriage and its Implications for Chinese Academic Women
Authors: Xie Kailing 
Published: January 2021

As a result of the one-child policy implemented in 1979, daughters born into urban households have benefited from unprecedented educational investment due to the lack of competition from brothers (Fong, 2006). In recent years, a Confucian discourse of filial piety was adopted by the party-state to tackle population risks and counter individualism, which drew on “traditional” notions of gender and generational hierarchy to reinforce the heterosexual family as the main welfare provider (Zheng, 2018; Qi, 2014). The 1980s only-child generation raised under this ideology has now reached the age of marrying, child-raising and establishing a career. This paper investigates how gender affects the career and reproductive choices of China’s well-educated daughters, particularly those working in academia. Drawing on a sub-set of a larger sample, I focus on data from interviews with eight women who currently work in Chinese universities and are at different life stages. I illustrate how, in spite of being at the top of the ivory tower, the gender stereotype that a woman’s primary responsibility is towards her family poses a major obstacle to those who seek career progression. I analyse how the existing socio-political discourse constructs a naturalised female subject that is bound by reproductive norms, and the implication of this for women’s careers.
At time of publication, the journal operated under the old name. When quoting please refer to the citation on the left using British Journal of Chinese Studies. The pdf of the article still reflects the old journal name; issue number and page range are consistent.
Female Solidarity as Hope: A Re-Examination of Socialist Feminism in the Literary Works of Ding Ling and Christa Wolf
Authors: Zou Yejun 
Published: January 2021

Recent scholarship has questioned the validity of Western feminism as a model for feminist movements in contemporary China and highlights a gap in the scholarly understanding of the tradition and trajectory of socialist feminism in China (Song, 2012; Wang, 2017). In this article, I will examine the practicality of socialist feminism as an alternative model for contemporary Chinese feminism by comparing the depiction of women in the literary works of the Chinese writer Ding Ling and the East German author Christa Wolf. In Ding Ling’s novel In the Hospital, she strives for gender equality via collaborative work between men and women, while incorporating this feminist task into the agenda of socialist revolution. Christa Wolf’s novel The Quest for Christa T., in contrast, explores female friendship as a means of overcoming stagnation and cynicism in the GDR. I ask how both authors articulate their concerns and criticism of inadequate gender practices in socialist states through the lens of women’s perspectives. This article thereby offers an insight into the way their writings negotiate women’s concern with the official narrative of life in socialist states and the extent to which these texts illuminate alternative Chinese feminist approaches in a contemporary context.
At time of publication, the journal operated under the old name. When quoting please refer to the citation on the left using British Journal of Chinese Studies. The pdf of the article still reflects the old journal name; issue number and page range are consistent.
IKLIM MADRASAH: MOTIVASI KERJA GURU DI MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH NEGERI 1 MODEL MATARAM
Authors: Husnial Pardi Habib 
Published: January 2021

Artikel ini menjelaskan iklim madrasah, yakni faktor apa saja yang menumbuhkan motivasi kerja guru di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 1 Model Mataram, Lombok, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif jenis studi kasus, artikel ini menentukan informan dengan dua cara yaitu snowbolling sampling dan key person. Sementara itu, pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan prinsip redundancy of data gathering melalui observasi partisipan (Participan Observation), wawancara mendalam (indepth interview), dokumentasi, dan diskusi terfokus (Focus Group Disscusion). Sedangkan analisis data dilakukan melalui prosedur Cresswel, yakni memvaliditasi keakuratan informasi melalui sistem coding. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa iklim Madrasah yang sehat ditandai dengan: kepemimpinan yang demokratis, terjalinnya komunikasi dan interaksi terbuka antar personal, dan penetapan tujuan organisasi melalui keputusan bersama. Hal-hal tersebut akan berdampak pada tumbuhnya motivasi kerja guru seperti kedisiplinan yang tinggi, semangat kerja yang maksimal, dan memiliki sikap kompetisi yang sehat. Dengan demikian, motivasi kerja guru akan berdampak pada peningktan mutu pendidikan di Madrasah.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE ROTATING TRIO EXCHANGE DALAM MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATA PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM KELAS V DI SDN 1 TANJUNG ALI
Authors: Pratama Irja Putra 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe rotating trio exchange (RTE) pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam kelas V di SDN 1 Tanjung Ali, selain itu untuk mengetahu bagaimana aktivitas belajar peserta didik sebelum dan sesudah diterapkannya model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe RTE dan juga untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe RTE dalam meningkatakan aktivitas belajar peserta didik.
Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu jenis penelitian eksperimen dengan desain penelitian one group pretest-posttest design. Adapun pendektan penelitian yaitu menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Selanjutnya metode pengumpulan data yang dilakukan yaitu dengan metode observasi, angket dan dokumentasi.
Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe RTE dilaksanakan dengan tiga tahapan yaitu tahap perencanaan, tahap pelaksanaan dan tahap evaluasi. Hasil aktivitas belajar sebelum diterapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe RTE, yang tergolong tinggi sebanyak 6 peserta didik (15%), tergolong sedang sebanyak 26 peserta didik (65%) dan tergolong rendah sebanyak 8 peserta didik (20%). Hasil aktivitas belajar setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe RTE, yaitu aktivitas belajar peserta didik yang tergolong tinggi sebanyak 9 peserta didik (22,5%), tergolong sedang sebanyak 25 peserta didik (62,5%) dan tergolong rendah sebanyak 6 peserta didik (15%). Berdasarkan hasil pre-test dan post-test di atas, hasil perhitungan menggunakan rumus uji ”t” yaitu to = 5.01 dan tt (pada taraf 5%=1,99 dan taraf 1% =2.64, maka dapat diketahui bahawa thitung lebih besar dari ttabel (1,99<5.01>2.64) maka Ho ditolak. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada peningkatan aktivitas belajar peserta didik kelas V di SDN 1 Tanjung Ali setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe RTE pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam materi cita-citaku menjadi anak salih.
Dermoscopy to Differentiate Guttate Psoriasis from Pityriasis Rosea—a Mimicker
Authors: Makhecha Meena , Singh Tishya , Khatib Yasmeen 
Published: January 2021

Background: Guttate psoriasis (GP) and pityriasis rosea (PR) are a part of papulosquamous disorders that have very similar clinical features and often require histopathology to confirm the diagnosis. Dermoscopy has emerged as a noninvasive, cost-effective technique that can aid in the diagnosis of inflammatory skin diseases like GP and PR.
Objective: To study and compare the dermoscopic features of GP and PR.
Methods: Twenty consecutive patients each with GP or PR were enrolled in the study. The diagnoses of GP and PR were made clinically and on histopathology. Dermoscopic images were taken of the representative lesions from each patient using a manual dermoscope attached to a digital camera after applying ultrasound gel. Vascular morphology, vascular arrangement, background color, along with color and distribution of scales were noted in each case. Statistical analysis was done using chi-square test to determine the significance of findings in both groups.
Results: The combination of a bright red background with dotted vessels in uniform diffuse distribution with diffuse white scales was highly specific for the diagnosis of GP. Lesions of PR showed a red background with dotted blood vessels in nonspecific distribution. Scales were either white in color or brown pigmented with patchy distribution. Brown pigmentation and brown dots were additional findings in cases of PR.
Conclusion: Combinations of dermoscopic patterns can aid in the diagnosis of GP and PR in the majority of the cases.
Skin Cancer and Dermoscopy Training for Primary Care Physicians: A Pilot Study
Authors: De Bedout Valeria , Williams Natalie , Muñoz Ana , Londoño Ana , Munera Manuela , Naranjo Natalí , Rodriguez Lina , Toro Alejandra , Miao Feng , Koru-Sengul Tulay , Jaimes Natalia 
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The primary objective of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy and effect of an educational training on skin cancer course and dermoscopy use among primary care physicians in rural areas of Colombia. The secondary objective was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of skin cancer diagnosis and detection rate after 3 months of the initial training.
Methods: Twenty-one primary care physicians from 6 rural areas of Colombia participated in a 2-day skin cancer and dermoscopy training, followed by a day-long hands-on session on dermoscopy at a free skin cancer screening event. Pre- and post-tests were performed using clinical and dermoscopic images to evaluate the user’s ability to diagnose and differentiate benign and malignant neoplasms. In addition, participants’ levels of confidence were assessed.
Results: After the training, the sensitivity and specificity of characterizing skin lesions as benign or malignant or providing a specific diagnosis (ie, angioma, seborrheic keratosis, basal cell carcinoma, etc.) increased by 23.6% (62.9% to 86.5%; P < 0.0001) and 21% (54.7% to 75.7%; P < 0.0017), respectively. In addition, levels of confidence when diagnosing skin lesions changed from extremely low or low, to high or extremely high by 20.7% (38.3% to 59%) using dermoscopic images (odds ratio (OR) 3.22; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.67-3.86; P < 0.0001). The secondary objective was not achieved due to loss of follow-up of the majority of participants.
Conclusion: Providers serving populations with limited healthcare access may benefit from education in diagnosing and differentiating skin cancer with the use of dermoscopy, which may ultimately improve patient care and reduce healthcare costs.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Dermatology Practice Worldwide: Results of a Survey Promoted by the International Dermoscopy Society (IDS)
Authors: Conforti Claudio , Lallas Aimilios , Argenziano Giuseppe , Dianzani Caterina , Di Meo Nicola , Giuffrida Roberta , Kittler Harald , Malvehy Josep , Marghoob Ashfaq A. , Soyer H. Peter , Zalaudek Iris 
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The International Dermoscopy Society (IDS) conducted an online survey to investigate the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak on the daily practice of dermatologists working with skin cancer patients, to collect data regarding the frequency of skin manifestations noticed by the members, and to obtain information about the use of teledermatology during the pandemic.
Methods: All IDS members were asked to fill in a questionnaire, sent by email. A questionnaire available in English was sent to all IDS members (≈16.0000 members) by email. The questionnaire was anonymous, with a compiling time of less than 5 minutes. The survey was open for 30 days (from April 24, 2020 to May 24, 2020) and it could only be filled out once.
Results: Overall, 678 dermatologists responded to the questionnaire; 334 members stated that there has been a reduction of more than 75% in daily work activity during the pandemic, 265 dermatologists worked fewer days per week, and 118 experienced telemedicine for the first time. Acrodermatitis was the most frequently observed skin manifestation (n = 80) followed by urticarial rash (n = 69), morbilliform rash (n = 53) and purpuric manifestation (n = 40). In regard to the role of teledermatology, 565 dermatologists reported an increased number of teleconsultations, and the number of melanomas diagnosed during the pandemic was practically 0 for 385 (56.78%) of respondents.
Conclusion: This survey highlights that the outbreak had a negative impact on most dermatology services, with a significant reduction in consultation time spent for chronic patients, and an increased risk of missed melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) diagnosis. Moreover, our study confirms earlier findings of a wide range of skin manifestations associated with COVID-19.
« On est plus chaud ! Plus chaud ! Plus chaud qu’le lacrymo ! »
Authors: Poupin Perrine 
Published: February 2021

Les Gilets jaunes est un mouvement de protestation, toujours en cours, qui a débuté en novembre 2018 sous la forme notamment de manifestations et d’occupations de ronds-points sur tout le territoire français. Cet article analyse les expériences du maintien de l’ordre chez les manifestants et comment au fil des situations et des manifestations, les manifestants ont découvert puis thématisé le problème des « violences policières ». Après avoir décrit les principaux événements répressifs tels qu’ils ont été vécus en situation par les manifestants, il montre comment les expériences de violences policières ont été mises en commun, dans les conversations de rue, sur les réseaux sociaux et sur les ronds-points. Ces expériences ont fait émerger un public qui a engagé de nombreuses enquêtes, discussions et expérimentations et qui a rencontré d’autres publics du même problème. Il explique pourquoi le problème des violences policières est devenu très vite l’un des motifs de dénonciation et de mobilisation du mouvement.
Investigating István Mayer's “improved” definitions of bond orders and free valence for correlated singlet‐state wave functions
Authors: Cooper David L. , Ponec Robert , Karadakov Peter B. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractChosen from István Mayer's very impressive canon of important work on bond orders and related quantities, we explore a paper from 2012 which introduced a “pseudo spin density matrix” for correlated singlet‐state wave functions, leading to “improved” definitions of bond orders and free valence. Examining such “improved” bond orders for the singlet ground states of H2, N2and CH+we find that all of them exhibit sensible geometry dependences. Mayer's free valence index works well for H2and N2; the asymptotic behavior for CH+turns out to be slightly more complicated but can easily be explained. Using B2H6to examine three‐center bonding, a simple generalization of Mayer's approach produces numerical results close to those based on the “pseudo spin density matrix.” As expected, the various “correction” terms remain small, albeit some of them are larger for the multicenter indices of ground and excited singlet states of benzene, S2N2and square (D4h) cyclobutadiene.
On the Bloch–Kato conjecture for Hilbert modular forms
Authors: Tamiozzo Matteo 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to prove inequalities towards instances of the Bloch–Kato conjecture for Hilbert modular forms of parallel weight two, when the order of vanishing of the L-function at the central point is zero or one. We achieve this implementing an inductive Euler system argument which relies on explicit reciprocity laws for cohomology classes constructed using congruences of automorphic forms and special points on several Shimura curves.