bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reviewing the Comparison of the Legal Bankruptcy System Between Indonesia and the Netherlands
Authors: Sunarmic, Edi Yunara Sumurung P Simaremare, Bismar Nasution, 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Dutch colonialisation of Indonesia provides many legacies, one of which is a legal product. The bankruptcy law specifically initially adopted Verordening Faillisements as the bankruptcy law. The development of the times was followed by the increasing complexity of the problems and demands for resolution-making legal changes necessary, of course, this happened in the two countries with the Netherlands, which used the Dutch Bankruptcy Act and Indonesia with Law Number 34 of 2004 having differences in the classification of Bankruptcy and its resolution.
Research Objectives: This study analyses the bankruptcy legal system's comparison between Indonesia and the Netherlands.
Research Methods: The type of research used is normative legal research with a comparative approach.
Conclusion: The comparison of the two bankruptcy laws was carried out to explore the differences between the two, which could be used as a basis for policy analysis that might later involve the two countries and reform the bankruptcy law in Indonesia in the future. The comparison of bankruptcy law is carried out using a statutory approach, comparative approach, a conceptual approach, and a historical approach. There are differences between the two laws of Bankruptcy adopted by Indonesia and the Netherlands, especially in determining a business's bankruptcy status and settling the Debtor's remaining debt to creditors. Where each country's legal system closely influences these differences, it is concluded that through its development, the Netherlands has implemented the Debt Forgiveness principle, contrary to Indonesia's principles, which still adheres to the Debt Collection principle.
Evaluation the Use of Distance Learning in Jordanian Universities during the COVID19 Pandemic
Authors: Bani Ahmad Bani Fadi Abdul Raheem Odeh 
Published: May 2021

Various countries have shifted from face-to-face learning to distance learning in response to the challenges imposed by the spread of the COVID19. Worldwide distance learning has become a global phenomenon. The current study aims to evaluate the use of distance learning in Jordanian universities during the covid19 pandemic. The study has developed standards for using distance learning in Jordanian universities and the current status of using distance learning in Jordanian universities. To achieve these aims, the descriptive approach is adopted. A list of the necessary standards for using distance learning is developed, and the current status of using distance learning in Jordanian universities is determined through five domains, and descriptive statistics (means and standard deviations) were calculated as well. The results show the weakness of the technological and human infrastructure necessary for distance learning, and its low ability to create an attractive educational environment, making the use of technology a formal matter that does not achieve the slightest added value to the educational process, along with the weak evaluation of the quality of electronic content. Therefore, the study recommends the necessity of providing modern technological and human infrastructure for higher education institutions to activate them neatly to support the continuity of the educational process.
Financial Performance of Selected Regional Rural Banks in Jammu and Kashmir- An Empirical Study
Authors: Prof. Nisar Ahmed Mulla Attaullah Niazi, 
Published: May 2021

Regional Rural Banks(RRBs) have been formed to serve rural areas with banking and other financial Services. These institutions were brought in the public domain through an ordinance passed by the then President of India in September 1975, with the intent of providing banking and credit facilities for the agriculture and other rural section of the society across the nation. They are key financing institutions at rural levels that provides agriculture credit in rural areas. RRBs have more access to rural areas and play a key role in strengthening the agriculture sector & rural development of India. The main objectives behind the formation of such type of vibrant institution in India was to established a link between the banks and rural households, especially in banking deprived areas. Moreover, to encourage rural savings, to generate employment opportunities, and to provide cheaper credit to the marginalised section in rural India.
Presently, the RRBs are under great pressure and going towards financial distress (As revealed from studies). In this paper, an attempt has been made to study the financial performance of Selected Regional Rural banks (RRBs) of J&K by applying “CAMEL” Model approach. The finding of the study revealed that the performance of the J&K Grameen Bank(JKGB) and Ellaquai Dehati Bank(EDB) is not up to the mark.
Ho Chi Minh’s thought about cultural diplomacy
Authors: Do Thi Ngoc Quy Vu Kim Diem, 
Published: May 2021

Ho Chi Minh’s thought is a comprehensive and profound system of views on the fundamental issues of the Vietnamese Revolution, the result of the creative application and development of Marxism-Leninism in specific conditions of Vietnam in each stage of the revolution to ensure the victory of the resistance war and successful national construction. Today, domestic and world conditions have changed deeply, but Ho Chi Minh’s ideology in general and Ho Chi Minh’s ideology in particular still have great significance. The diplomatic culture was formed and developed with the process of forming his thoughts on the path of national liberation and socialist nation-building in Vietnam. This study provides a general overview of Ho Chi Minh’s thoughts on diplomatic culture and assesses the current status of the process of applying those perspectives to Vietnam's current diplomatic culture.
A Method for the Affixed Word Transliteration to the Balinese Script on the Learning Web Application
Authors: Et al. G. Indrawan 
Published: May 2021

This research proposed a method for the affixed word transliteration to the Balinese Script since there has not been studied yet and it is important since the affixed word needs to be transliterated, inevitably. This research is one of the efforts to preserve digitally the endangered Balinese local language knowledge in Indonesia through the multi-discipline collaboration between Computer Science and Language discipline. The proposed method was taken care of two related aspects, i.e.; (1) A Latin root word has its related Balinese Script root word by using default or special transliteration rule; and (2) A Latin root word with a special transliteration rule for its Balinese Script root word, also need a special transliteration rule for its affixed word. This study was conducted on the pioneering web-based transliteration learning application, BaliScript, that receives the Latin text input and outputs the Balinese Script by using the Noto Serif Balinese font with its dedicated Balinese Unicode. Through the experiment, the proposed method gave the expected transliteration results, added a certain perspective, and strengthened the transliteration knowledge. Future work is to enhance and reuse this method on the mobile computing device, as a part of the Balinese Language ubiquitous learning that supports Balinese Language education, which is a mandatory local subject from the elementary school to the high school in Bali Province.
‏An Enhanced Approach to Improve the Security and Performance for Deduplication
Authors: Et al. Nourah Almrezeq 
Published: May 2021

Cloud service providers providing users with efficient and effective storage and transmission of data. To reduce storage costs and save bandwidth, cloud service providers are attracted to use data de-duplication feature. Cloud users are interested in using the cloud safely and privately to protect the data they share on the cloud. Therefore, they encrypt the data before uploading it to the cloud. Since the intent of encryption conflicts with the de-duplication function, the data de-duplication feature becomes a hard problem. Existing de-duplication methods are ineffective in terms of both security and efficiency. They are either vulnerable to brute force attacks that enable the attacker to retrieve files, or they are computationally expensive. That is what drives us to suggest a method for removing duplicate data that is both performance and security effective. We'll start with a description of the implementations and functionality of de-duplication strategies, then move on to the literature that proposes various approaches to de-duplication and the security and efficiency problems that existing approaches face. Via the use of the AES-CBC algorithm and hashing functions, we have proposed an enhancement to improves the performance and protection of data de-duplication for users. Without the involvement of a third party, users' keys are created in a consistent and safe manner. We prove the efficacy of the recommended solution by putting it into practice and comparison with the existing techniques.
Currency Detection for Visually Impaired Iraqi Banknote as a Study Case
Authors: Et al. Raghad Raied Mahmood 
Published: May 2021

It is relatively simple for a normal human to interpret and understand every banknote, but one of the major problems for visually impaired people are money recognition, especially for paper currency.
Since money plays such an important role in our everyday lives and is required for every business transaction, real-time detection and recognition of banknotes become a necessity for blind or visually impaired people For that purpose, we propose a real-time object detection system to help visually impaired people in their daily business transactions.
Dataset Images of the Iraqi banknote category are collected in different conditions initially and then, these images are augmented with different geometric transformations, to make the system strong. These augmented images are then annotated manually using the "LabelImg" program, from which training sets and validation image sets are prepared.
We will use YOLOv3 real-time Object Detection algorithm trained on custom Iraqi banknote dataset for detection and recognition of banknotes. Then the label of the banknotes is identified and then converted into audio by using Google Text to Speech (gTTS), which will be the expected output.
The performance of the trained model is evaluated on a test dataset and real-time live video. The test results demonstrate that the proposed method can detect and recognize Iraqi paper money with high mAP reaches 97.405% and a short time.
A Pilot Experiment on Infrasonic Lahar Detection at Mount Adams, Cascades: Ambient Infrasound and Wind-Noise Characterization at a Quiescent Stratovolcano
Authors: Sanderson Richard W. , Matoza Robin S. , Haymon Rachel M. , Steidl Jamison H. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractErosion, hydrothermal activity, and magmatism at volcanoes can cause large and unexpected mass wasting events. Large fluidized debris flows have occurred within the past 6000 yr at Mount Adams, Washington, and present a hazard to communities downstream. In August 2017, we began a pilot experiment to investigate the potential of infrasound arrays for detecting and tracking debris flows at Mount Adams. We deployed a telemetered four-element infrasound array (BEAR, 85 m aperture), ~11 km from a geologically unstable area where mass wasting has repeatedly originated. We present a preliminary analysis of BEAR data, representing a survey of the ambient infrasound and noise environment at this quiescent stratovolcano. Array processing reveals near continuous and persistent infrasound signals arriving from the direction of Mount Adams, which we hypothesize are fluvial sounds from the steep drainages on the southwest flank. We interpret observed fluctuations in the detectability of these signals as resulting from a combination of (1) wind-noise variations at the array, (2) changes in local infrasound propagation conditions associated with atmospheric boundary layer variability, and (3) changing water flow speeds and volumes in the channels due to freezing, thawing, and precipitation events. Suspected mass movement events during the study period are small (volumes &lt;105  m3 and durations &lt;2 min), with one of five visually confirmed events detected infrasonically at BEAR. We locate this small event, which satellite imagery suggests was a glacial avalanche, using three additional temporary arrays operating for five days in August 2018. Events large enough to threaten downstream communities would likely produce stronger infrasonic signals detectable at BEAR. In complement to recent literature demonstrating the potential for infrasonic detection of volcano mass movements (Allstadt et al., 2018), this study highlights the practical and computational challenges involved in identifying signals of interest in the expected noisy background environment of volcanic topography and drainages.
The Storfjorden, Svalbard, Earthquake Sequence 2008–2020: Transtensional Tectonics in an Arctic Intraplate Region
Authors: Ottemöller Lars , Kim Won-Young , Waldhauser Felix , Tjåland Norunn , Dallmann Winfried 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAn earthquake sequence in the Storfjorden offshore area southwest of Spitsbergen in the Svalbard archipelago initiated with a 21 February 2008 magnitude Mw 6.1 event. This area had previously not produced any significant earthquakes, but between 2008 and 2020, a total of ∼2800 earthquakes were detected, with ∼16 of them being of moderate size (ML≥4.0). Applying double-difference relocation to improve relative locations reveals that the activity is linked to several subparallel faults striking southwest–northeast that extend across the entire crust. The southwest–northeast trend is also found as a possible fault plane from regional moment tensor inversion. The solutions range from oblique normal in the center of the cluster to pure strike slip farther away and are consistent with the compressional σ1 axis roughly in the east–west direction and plunging 57°, and the extensional σ3 axis subhorizontal trending north–south. The mainshock fault is steeply dipping to the southeast, but several other faults appear to be near vertical. The existence of oblique, right-lateral strike-slip motion on southwest–northeast-trending faults with a normal component and pure normal faulting events in between suggests transtensional tectonics that in and around Storfjorden result in activation of a complex fault system.
Identification of a Novel Genetic Marker for Risk of Degenerative Rotator Cuff Disease Surgery in the UK Biobank
Authors: Yanik Elizabeth L. , Keener Jay D. , Lin Shiow J. , Colditz Graham A. , Wright Rick W. , Evanoff Bradley A. , Jain Nitin B. , Saccone Nancy L. 
Published: May 2021

Background:
While evidence indicates that familial predisposition influences the risk of developing degenerative rotator cuff disease (RCD), knowledge of specific genetic markers is limited. We conducted a genome-wide association study of RCD surgery using the UK Biobank, a prospective cohort of 500,000 people (40 to 69 years of age at enrollment) with genotype data.

Methods:
Cases with surgery for degenerative RCD were identified using linked hospital records. The cases were defined as an International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) code of M75.1 determined by a trauma/orthopaedic specialist and surgery consistent with RCD treatment. Cases were excluded if a diagnosis of traumatic injury had been made during the same hospital visit. For each case, up to 5 controls matched by age, sex, and follow-up time were chosen from the UK Biobank. Analyses were limited to European-ancestry individuals who were not third-degree or closer relations. We used logistic regression to test for genetic association of 674,405 typed and >10 million imputed markers, after adjusting for age, sex, population principal components, and follow-up.

Results:
We identified 2,917 RCD surgery cases and 14,158 matched controls. We observed 1 genome-wide significant signal (p < 5 × 10−8) for a novel locus tagged by rs2237352 in the CREB5 gene on chromosome 7 (odds ratio [OR] = 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11 to 1.24). The single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2237352 was imputed with a high degree of confidence (info score = 0.9847) and is common, with a minor allele frequency of 47%. After expanding the control sample to include additional unmatched non-cases, rs2237352 and another SNP in the CREB5 gene, rs12700903, were genome-wide significant. We did not detect genome-wide significant signals at loci associated with RCD in previous studies.

Conclusions:
We identified a novel association between a variant in the CREB5 gene and RCD surgery. Validation of this finding in studies with imaging data to confirm diagnoses will be an important next step.

Clinical Relevance:
Identification of genetic RCD susceptibility markers can guide understanding of biological processes in rotator cuff degeneration and help inform disease risk in the clinical setting.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Protocol for examining and eliminating base editor-induced genome-wide and transcriptome-wide off-target mutations
Authors: Wang Lijie , Xue Wei , Zhang Hongxia , Gao Runze , Qiu Houyuan , Wei Jia , Zhou Lina , Lei Yun-Ni , Wu Xiaocheng , Li Xiao , Liu Chengfang , Wu Jing , Chen Qiubing , Ma Hanhui , Huang Xingxu , Cai Cheguo , Zhang Ying , Yang Bei , Yin Hao , Yang Li , Chen Jia 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Fusion of CRISPR-Cas9 with cytidine deaminases leads to base editors (BEs) for programmable C-to-T editing, which holds potentials in clinical applications but suffers from off-target (OT) mutations. Here, we applied a cleavable deoxycytidine deaminase inhibitor (dCDI) domain to construct a transformer BE (tBE) system that induces efficient editing with only background levels of genome-wide and transcriptome-wide OT mutations. This step-by-step protocol describes the plasmid construction of tBE system, determination of genome/transcriptome-wide OT mutations and tBE-mediated base editing in vivo.
Reverse complementary matches simultaneously promote both back-splicing and exon-skipping
Authors: Cao Dong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play diverse roles in different biological and physiological environments and are always expressed in a tissue-specific manner. Especially, circRNAs are enriched in the brain tissues of almost all investigated species, including humans, mice, Drosophila, etc. Although circRNAs were found in C. elegans, the neuron-specific circRNA data is not available yet. Exon-skipping is found to be correlated to circRNA formation, but the mechanisms that link them together are not clear.Results: Here, through large-scale neuron isolation from the first larval (L1) stage of C. elegans followed by RNA sequencing with ribosomal RNA depletion, the first neuronal circRNA data in C. elegans were obtained. Hundreds of novel circRNAs were annotated with high accuracy. circRNAs were highly expressed in the neurons of C. elegans and were positively correlated to the levels of their cognate linear mRNAs. Disruption of RCMs in circRNA flanking introns effectively abolished circRNA formation. In the zip-2 gene, deletion of either upstream or downstream RCMs almost eliminated the production of both the circular and the skipped transcript. Interestingly, the 13-nt RCM in zip-2 is highly conserved across five nematode ortholog genes, which show conserved exon-skipping patterns. Finally, through in vivo one-by-one mutagenesis of all the splicing sites and branch points required for exon-skipping and back-splicing in the zip-2 gene, I showed that back-splicing still happened without exon-skipping, and vice versa.Conclusions: For the first time, total RNA obtained from sorted neurons is increased to hundreds of nanograms. circRNAs highly expressed in the neurons of C. elegans are likely derived from neuronal genes. RCMs are abundant in circRNA flanking introns, and RCM-deletion is an efficient way to knockout circRNAs. More importantly, these RCMs are not only required for back-splicing but also promote the skipping of exon(s) to be circularized. Finally, RCMs in circRNA flanking introns can directly promote both exon-skipping and back-splicing, providing a new explanation for the correlation between them.
Unprecedented decline of Arctic sea ice outflow in 2018
Authors: Sumata Hiroshi , de Steur Laura , Gerland Sebastian , Divine Dmitry , Pavlova Olga 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Fram Strait is the major gateway connecting the Arctic Ocean and North Atlantic Ocean, where nearly 90% of the sea ice export from the Arctic Ocean takes place. The exported sea ice is a large source of freshwater to the Nordic Seas and Subpolar North Atlantic, thereby preconditioning European climate and deep water formation in the downstream North Atlantic Ocean. Here we show that in 2018, the ice export through Fram Strait showed an unprecedented decline since the early 1990s. The 2018 ice export was reduced to less than 40% relative to that between 2000 and 2017, and amounted to just 25% of the 1990s. The minimum export was attributed to regional sea ice-ocean processes driven by an anomalous atmospheric circulation over the Atlantic sector of the Arctic. The anomalous circulation caused a stagnation of southward sea ice drift, causing a sudden drop of sea ice thickness north of the Fram Strait due to local heat supply from the ocean. The result indicates that a drastic change of the freshwater cycle and its environmental consequences happen not only through ongoing Arctic-wide ice thinning, but also by regional scale atmospheric anomalies in the Atlantic sector on annual timescales.
An integrated multi-omics study to identify dynamic molecular alterations associated with acute brain injury
Authors: Yin Shigang , Jiang Yong , Peng Jianhua , He Yijing , Pang Jinwei , Dipritu Ghosh , Gu Long , Xie Yuke , Guo Kecheng , Bao Zheng , Zhang Xianhui , Tao Qianke , Qiu Xiancheng , Mu Qiancheng , Tu Tianqi , Wang Zhaoyang , Liao Yuyan , Zhang Yuxuan , Zhang Lihan , Zhang Jiaqi , Rao Xiao , Li Chaojie , Lu Peng , Kuang Chenghao , Zhou Jian , Kong Xi , Zhang Jinyue , Huang An , Wu Yuanyuan , Zhang Lifang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In response to acute brain injury (ABI) threats, neuroimmune cells rapidly transition from a quiescent into an activated state, but the dynamic molecular alterations are partially understood. Here, we integrated the dynamics of multi-omics datasets in four ABI mice models. Transcriptomics revealed diversification of thermogenesis, synaptic, and neuroinflammatory genes for ABI at the early phase (12H). Transcriptomics and proteomics combined analysis singled out 15 co-variation risk genes for ABIs. Besides, lipid metabolite alteration reflected a discrepancy between permanent ischemic brain injuries and transient ischemic brain injuries at the middle phase (24H). Together, our data elucidate a potential therapeutic resource for ABIs.
Simulation Experiments of Distillers of Han Dynasty
Authors: Yao Zhihui , Su Haitong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
One set of implements was unearthed from Haihunhou Tomb and Zhangjiabao Tomb respectively. It is speculated that they may be ancient stills. In order to verify their distillation properties and efficiency,We make two imitations referring to the two unearthed sleeves and simulation experiments were conducted on distilled spirits and distilled flower dew. The distillated product is analyzed with the help of alcoholometer and GC-MS. The results showed that the distillers could produce higher degree of liquor and extract flower dew effectively. The distillation effect of unearthed objects is better than that of imitations. They were undoubtedly distillers with good distillation effect. The properties of two stills of Han Dynasty were confirmed by the simulation experiment.