bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Engagement in an mHealth Intervention for Diabetes Support During Pregnancy: the Role of Baseline Patient Health and Behavioral Characteristics
Authors: Steinberg Jecca R. , Yeh Chen , Jackson Jenise , Saber Rana , Niznik Charlotte M. , Leziak Karolina , Yee Lynn M. 
Published: August 2021

Background:Mobile health (mHealth) technology that addresses diabetes mellitus in pregnancy has the potential to improve maternal and child health while diminishing socioeconomic and racial disparities. Little is known about health literacy, electronic health literacy, or patient characteristics that contribute to increased mHealth use. In this pilot study, we aimed to examine patient factors associated with user engagement with a novel app for diabetes support during pregnancy.Method:Low-income pregnant individuals with gestational or type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited for a 2-week usability assessment of a novel mHealth smartphone application, “SweetMama,” designed to improve diabetes care. This analysis of user characteristics was a pilot assessment of data from the usability study phase. Participants completed assessments of patient health literacy, electronic health literacy, diabetes self-efficacy, and activation. User metrics (eg, sessions and total duration of use) were evaluated by participant characteristics. Descriptive analyses were conducted to assess outcomes with respect to patient’s clinical history, health literacy, electronic health literacy, diabetes self-efficacy, and activation.Results:Twenty-two diverse, low-income pregnant patients with either gestational or type 2 diabetes engaged with SweetMama for 14 days. Participants with gestational diabetes had greater mean minutes of use per session and mean total duration of use than those with type 2 diabetes. Participants with greater electronic health literacy, lower patient activation, and greater self-efficacy demonstrated greater total duration of use. No user metrics differed significantly by participant general health literacy.Conclusions:Findings of this pilot study suggest engagement with a novel mHealth app for diabetes support during pregnancy varied by baseline behavioral and clinical characteristics. Results could indicate that digital health literacy better differentiates engagement patterns than general health literacy.
Shoulder Range of Motion Deficits in Youth Throwers Presenting With Elbow Pain
Authors: Rosen Michael , Meijer Karim , Tucker Scott , Wilcox C. Luke , Plummer Hillary A. , Andrews James R. , Ostrander Roger V. 
Published: August 2021

Background: Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD) and total arc of motion difference (TAMD) have been associated with elbow injuries in throwing athletes. Hypothesis: Youth pitchers with elbow pain will have greater GIRD and TAMD compared with youth pitchers without elbow pain. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Glenohumeral range of motion of 25 consecutive throwing athletes presenting with elbow pain and that of a matched control group of 18 asymptomatic throwing athletes were compared. Bilateral glenohumeral internal rotation, external rotation, and horizontal adduction at 90° were measured and GIRD and TAMD were then calculated. An analysis of variance was performed to compare range of motion between throwers with and without elbow pain. Results: The average GIRD of the elbow pain group was 32.7° compared with 14.5° in the control group ( P < 0.05). The average TAMD in the elbow pain group was 28.3° compared with 6.7° in the control group ( P < 0.05). GIRD and TAMD were present in 88% (22 of 25) and 96% (24 of 25) of the elbow pain group versus 33.3% (6 of 18) and 55.6% (10 of 18) of the control group, respectively. Conclusion: Compared with asymptomatic youth pitchers, those presenting with elbow pain have a statistically significant GIRD and TAMD. Clinical Relevance: This study suggests that a GIRD and TAMD may predispose youth pitchers to present with symptomatic elbow pain.
Treatment of a middle cerebral artery bifurcation aneurysm with the novel Contour Neurovascular System compatible with 0.021″ catheters
Authors: Thormann Maximilian , Mpotsaris Anastasios , Behme Daniel 
Published: August 2021

Background For wide-necked intracranial aneurysms, endo-saccular flow disruption can be a viable alternative to coiling or flow diverters. The Contour Neurovascular System is an intrasaccular flow diverter device targeting the neck of the aneurysm. Until now, the system had to be delivered through a 0.027″ microcatheter. We report the first implantation and follow-up of the novel Contour 021 system compatible with 0.021″ microcatheters. Case presentation: A 54-year-old male patient presented with an unruptured right middle cerebral artery aneurysm at the right temporopolar branch. Existing medication included apixaban. An arteriogram showed a broad-based aneurysm. Due to its asymmetric geometry, neither the Woven EndoBridge nor stent-assisted coil embolisation were regarded as promising treatment strategies. To uphold the option of different treatment options, prasugrel 10 mg was initiated before treatment. Implantation was performed under general anaesthesia via femoral artery puncture. A 0.021″ Headway™ catheter was used for accessing the aneurysm. The Contour device was oversized to the equatorial plane. Deployment was successful with only one attempt without the need for re-sheathing. Follow-up catheter angiography was performed after three months, showing complete occlusion of the aneurysm. No procedure-related complications occurred. Conclusion The 0.021 design of the Contour enlarges the subgroup of patients that can be treated with endo-saccular devices and will enable treatment of smaller and more distal aneurysms.
Assessing attacks and treatment response rates among adult patients with NMOSD and MOGAD: Data from a nationwide registry in Argentina
Authors: Carnero Contentti Edgar , Lopez Pablo A , Pettinicchi Juan Pablo , Criniti Juan , Pappolla Agustín , Miguez Jimena , Patrucco Liliana , Cristiano Edgardo , Liwacki Susana , Tkachuk Verónica , Balbuena María E , Vrech Carlos , Deri Norma , Correale Jorge , Marrodan Mariano , Ysrraelit María C , Leguizamon Felisa , Luetic Geraldine , Menichini María L , Tavolini Darío , Mainella Carolina , Zanga Gisela , Burgos Marcos , Hryb Javier , Barboza Andrés , Lazaro Luciana , Alonso Ricardo , Liguori Nora Fernández , Nadur Débora , Chertcoff Aníbal , Alonso Serena Marina , Caride Alejandro , Paul Friedemann , Rojas Juan I 
Published: August 2021

We aimed to examine treatment interventions implemented in patients experiencing neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) attacks (frequency, types, and response). Methods Retrospective study. Data on patient demographic, clinical and radiological findings, and administered treatments were collected. Remission status (complete [CR], partial [PR], no remission [NR]), based on changes in the EDSS score was evaluated before treatment, during attack, and at 6 months. CR was analyzed with a generalized estimating equations (GEEs) model. Results A total of 131 patients (120 NMOSD and 11 myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-antibody-associated diseases [MOGAD]), experiencing 262 NMOSD-related attacks and receiving 270 treatments were included. High-dose steroids (81.4%) was the most frequent treatment followed by plasmapheresis (15.5%). CR from attacks was observed in 47% (105/223) of all treated patients. During the first attack, we observed CR:71.2%, PR:16.3% and NR:12.5% after the first course of treatment. For second, third, fourth, and fifth attacks, CR was observed in 31.1%, 10.7%, 27.3%, and 33.3%, respectively. Remission rates were higher for optic neuritis vs. myelitis (p < 0.001). Predictor of CR in multivariate GEE analysis was age in both NMOSD (OR = 2.27, p = 0.002) and MOGAD (OR = 1.53, p = 0.03). Conclusions This study suggests individualization of treatment according to age and attack manifestation. The outcome of attacks was generally poor.
The Effect of Cooling Times on the Bonding Between Porcelain and Metal Alloys Fabricated by Different Techniques: In Vitro Study
Authors: Ünal Emine , Tugut Faik 
Published: August 2021

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different cooling times on shear bond strength between cobalt–chromium metal frameworks fabricated by different techniques and veneering porcelain. Materials and Methods: One hundred twenty cobalt–chromium metal ceramic samples were obtained by three different techniques (casting, milling, and laser sintering). During the porcelain firing, fast and slow cooling protocols were applied. Ten specimens from each group were determined for all groups. The shear bond strength of the metal ceramic samples was measured by a universal testing machine with a constant crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. One sample from each group was evaluated by the scanning electron microscopy analysis in terms of surface change and fracture morphology. Variance analysis and Tukey test were used to analyze statistically significant differences between groups. Results: It was seen that the difference between the bond strengths of the metal frameworks obtained by different techniques was statistically significant ( P < .05). All groups except for difference between the bond strengths of all the frameworks metal groups with G-Ceram porcelain were statistically significant ( P < .05). The best bond strengths that were statistically significant were fast cooling G-Ceram (19.65 ± 2.65 MPa) with metal frameworks fabricated by laser sintering, fast cooling with metal framework fabricated by milling Noritake (19.17 ± 2.91 MPa), and the metal framework fabricated by casting was found to be slow cooling Noritake (12.99 ± 2.08 MPa) were seen. Conclusion: The porcelain cooling times had significant effect on the shear bond strength of porcelain to casting, milling and laser sintering alloys.
B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in patients with germline RUNX1 mutations
Authors: Six Kathryn A. , Gerdemann Ulrike , Brown Anna L. , Place Andrew E. , Cantor Alan B. , Kutny Matthew A. , Avagyan Serine 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Germline RUNX1 mutations underlie a syndrome, RUNX1-familial platelet disorder (RUNX1-FPD), characterized by bleeding symptoms that result from quantitative and/or qualitative defect in platelets and a significantly increased risk for developing hematologic malignancies. Myeloid neoplasms are the most commonly diagnosed hematologic malignancies, followed by lymphoid malignancies of T-cell origin. Here, we describe the first 2 cases of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) in patients with confirmed germline RUNX1 mutations. While 1 of the patients had a known diagnosis of RUNX1-FPD with a RUNX1 p.P240Hfs mutation, the other was the index patient of a kindred with a novel RUNX1 variant, RUNX1 c.587C&gt;T (p.T196I), noted on a targeted genetic testing of the B-ALL diagnostic sample. We discuss the clinical course, treatment approaches, and the outcome for the 2 patients. Additionally, we describe transient resolution of the mild thrombocytopenia and bleeding symptoms during therapy, as well as the finding of clonal hematopoiesis with a TET2 mutant clone in 1 of the patients. It is critical to consider testing for germline RUNX1 mutations in patients presenting with B-ALL who have a personal or family history of thrombocytopenia, bleeding symptoms, or RUNX1 variants identified on genetic testing at diagnosis.
Genome-wide identification and function analysis of HMAD gene family in cotton (Gossypium spp.)
Authors: Wang Qinqin , Lu Xuke , Chen Xiugui , Zhao Lanjie , Han Mingge , Wang Shuai , Zhang Yuexin , Fan Yapeng , Ye Wuwei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe abiotic stress such as soil salinization and heavy metal toxicity has posed a major threat to sustainable crop production worldwide. Previous studies revealed that halophytes were supposed to tolerate other stress including heavy metal toxicity. ThoughHMAD(heavy-metal-associated domain) was reported to play various important functions inArabidopsis, little is known inGossypium.ResultsA total of 169 G. hirsutumgenes were identified belonging to theHMADgene family with the number of amino acids ranged from 56 to 1011. Additionally, 84, 76 and 159HMADgenes were identified in eachG. arboreum, G. raimondiiandG. barbadense, respectively. The phylogenetic tree analysis showed that theHMADgene family were divided into five classes, and 87 orthologs ofHMADgenes were identified in fourGossypiumspecies, such as genesGh_D08G1950andGh_A08G2387ofG. hirsutumare orthologs of theGorai.004G210800.1andCotton_A_25987gene inG. raimondiiandG. arboreum, respectively. In addition, 15 genes were lost during evolution. Furthermore, conserved sequence analysis found the conserved catalytic center containing an anion binding (CXXC) box. TheHMADgene family showed a differential expression levels among different tissues and developmental stages inG. hirsutumwith the different cis-elements for abiotic stress.ConclusionsCurrent study provided important information aboutHMADfamily genes under salt-stress inGossypiumgenome, which would be useful to understand its putative functions in different species of cotton.
Genetic mapping high protein content QTL from soybean ‘Nanxiadou 25’ and candidate gene analysis
Authors: Wang Jia , Mao Lin , Zeng Zhaoqiong , Yu Xiaobo , Lian Jianqiu , Feng Jun , Yang Wenying , An Jiangang , Wu Haiying , Zhang Mingrong , Liu Liezhao 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Soybean is a globally important legume crop that provides a primary source of high-quality vegetable protein and oil. Seed protein content (SPC) is a valuable quality trait controlled by multiple genes in soybean.

Results
In this study, we performed quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, QTL-seq, and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to reveal the genes controlling protein content in the soybean by using the high protein content variety Nanxiadou 25. A total of 50 QTL for SPC distributed on 14 chromosomes except chromosomes 4, 12, 14, 17, 18, and 19 were identified by QTL mapping using 178 recombinant inbred lines (RILs). Among these QTL, the major QTL qSPC_20–1 and qSPC_20–2 on chromosome 20 were repeatedly detected across six tested environments, corresponding to the location of the major QTL detected using whole-genome sequencing-based QTL-seq. 329 candidate DEGs were obtained within the QTL region of qSPC_20–1 and qSPC_20–2 via gene expression profile analysis. Nine of which were associated with SPC, potentially representing candidate genes. Clone sequencing results showed that different single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and indels between high and low protein genotypes in Glyma.20G088000 and Glyma.16G066600 may be the cause of changes in this trait.

Conclusions
These results provide the basis for research on candidate genes and marker-assisted selection (MAS) in soybean breeding for seed protein content.
Commentary on the NICE guideline on renal replacement therapy and conservative management
Authors: Kharbanda Kunaal , Iyasere Osasuyi , Caskey Fergus , Marlais Matko , Mitra Sandip 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
NICE Guideline NG107, “Renal replacement therapy and conservative management” (Renal replacement therapy and conservative management (NG107); 2018:1–33) was published in October 2018 and replaced the existing NICE guideline CG125, “Chronic Kidney Disease (Stage 5): peritoneal dialysis” (Chronic kidney disease (stage 5): peritoneal dialysis | Guidance | NICE; 2011) and NICE Technology Appraisal TA48, “Guidance on home compared with hospital haemodialysis for patients with end-stage renal failure”(Guidance on home compared with hospital haemodialysis for patients with end-stage renal failure (Technology appraisal guideline TA48); 2002) The aim of the NICE guideline (NG107) was to provide guidance on renal replacement therapy (RRT), including dialysis, transplant and conservative care, for adults and children with CKD Stages 4 and 5. The guideline is extremely welcomed by the Renal Association and it offers huge value to patients, clinicians, commissioners and key stakeholders. It overlaps and enhances current guidance published by the Renal Association including “Haemodialysis” (Clinical practice guideline: Haemodialysis; 2019) which was updated in 2019 after the publication of the NICE guideline, “Peritoneal Dialysis in Adults and Children” (Clinical practice guideline: peritoneal Dialysis in adults and children; 2017) and “Planning, Initiation & withdrawal of Renal Replacement Therapy” (Clinical practice guideline: planning, initiation and withdrawal of renal replacement therapy; 2014) (at present there are no plans to update this guideline).
There are several strengths to NICE guideline NG107 and we agree with and support the vast majority of recommendation statements in the guideline. This summary from the Renal Association discusses some of the key highlights, controversies, gaps in knowledge and challenges in implementation. Where there is disagreement with a NICE guideline statement, we have highlighted this and a new suggested statement has been written.
Educational inequalities, urbanicity and levels of non-communicable diseases risk factors: evaluating trends in Argentina (2005–2013)
Authors: Rodríguez López Santiago , Bilal Usama , Ortigoza Ana F. , Diez-Roux Ana V. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
We investigated a) whether urbanicity is associated with individual-level non-communicable diseases (NCD) risk factors and whether urbanicity modifies trends over time in risk factors; and (b) whether educational inequalities in NCD risk factors change over time or are modified by province urbanicity.

Methods
We used data from three large national surveys on NCD risk factors (Encuesta Nacional de Factores de Riesgo; ENFR2005–2009-2013) conducted in urban areas of Argentina (n = 108,489). We used gender-stratified logistic random-intercept models (individuals nested within provinces) to determine adjusted associations of self-reported individual NCD risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and current smoking) with education and urbanicity.

Results
In both men and women, the prevalence of obesity and diabetes increased over time but smoking decreased. Hypertension prevalence increased over time in men. Higher urbanicity was associated with higher odds of smoking and lower odds of hypertension in women but was not associated with NCD risk factors in men. Obesity increased more over time in more compared to less urbanized provinces (in men) while smoking decreased more over time in less urbanized provinces. All risk factors had a higher prevalence in persons with lower education (stronger in women than in men), except for diabetes in men and smoking in women. Educational inequalities in obesity (in men) and hypertension (in men and women) became stronger over time, while an initial inverse social gradient in smoking for women reverted and became similar to other risk factors over time. In general, the inverse associations of education with the risk factors became stronger with increasing levels of province urbanicity.

Conclusion
Increasing prevalence of diabetes and obesity over time and growing inequities by education highlight the need for policies aimed at reducing NCD risk factors among lower socioeconomic populations in urban environments in Argentina.
Exploring the beliefs and perceptions of spending time in nature among U.S. youth
Authors: Zamora Astrid N. , Waselewski Marika E. , Frank Abby J. , Nawrocki Jack R. , Hanson Aspen R. , Chang Tammy 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPurposeThe prevalence of poor mental health continues to rise among youth; however, large-scale interventions to improve mental and physical health remain a public health challenge. Time spent in nature is associated with improved health among youth. This study aimed to assess youth experiences with nature and the self-perceived impact on their mental and physical health among a nationwide sample of US youth.MethodsIn September 2020, five open-ended questions that aimed to assess perceptions regarding nature were posed to 1174 MyVoice youth, aged 14–24 years. Qualitative responses were analyzed using thematic analysis, and data were summarized using descriptive statistics.ResultsThe mean (SD) age of the 994 respondents (RR = 84.7%) was 18.9 (2.7) years; 47.4% were female, and 57.4% Non-Hispanic White. Among youth, many felt that spending time in nature positively impacted their mental health, with 51.6% mentioning that it made them “feel calm when I am out in nature”; 22.1% said that it relieved stress or “reduces my anxiety,” and 17.1% felt that being in nature positively impacted their physical health and “makes me feel more active and in shape.” However, 7.0% said it negatively impacted their health, such as “It makes me feel isolated.” Most youth (87.8%) want to spend more time in nature, with 22% mentioning barriers (i.e., busy schedules, built environment, and COVID-19) impeding them from doing so.ConclusionsYouth in our sample generally report feeling physically and mentally better when spending time in nature and want to spend more time in nature. Public health policies and practices that eliminate barriers and actively support time spent outside may be a feasible and acceptable practice to promote overall well-being among youth.
Norepinephrine modulates IL-1β-induced catabolic response of human chondrocytes
Authors: Hwang Hyun Sook , Lee Mi Hyun , Go Dong Jin , Kim Hyun Ah 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe influence of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) on metabolism of bone and cartilage expressing β-adrenergic receptors (AR) was suggested. Here, we investigated whether the SNS functions as a modulator of cartilage metabolism induced by interleukin-1beta (IL-1β).MethodsHuman articular chondrocytes and articular cartilage were collected from patients with osteoarthritis (OA). Chondrocyte monolayer and cartilage explant culture were stimulated with IL-1β. The activity of β-ARs was modulated by an agonist, norepinephrine (NE), and antagonists, including propranolol, atenolol, nebivolol, and nadolol.ResultsThe levels of β1-, β2-, and β3-AR in OA cartilage and IL-1β-treated chondrocytes were lower than normal cartilage and untreated cells. Treatment of chondrocytes with IL-1β and β-blockers, including propranolol, atenolol, nebivolol, and nadolol, for 6 h significantly upregulated IL-1β-induced expression of MMP-1, -3, and − 13, compared to chondrocytes treated with IL-1β alone, indicating that antagonism of β-AR confers catabolic signals. On the other hand, NE antagonized IL-1β-induced catabolic response. In addition, NE significantly inhibited IL-1β-induced release of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) from cartilage explant culture. In addition, β-AR activity significantly affected IL-1β-stimulated phosphorylation of JNK and ERK. These results indicate that β-AR signal is associated with cartilage metabolism.ConclusionsOur findings showed that β-ARs is a regulator of cartilage catabolism induced with IL-1β.