bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and severity of pelvic floor disorders in pregnant and postpartum women
Authors: Palmieri Stefania , De Bastiani Sarah Sonia , Degliuomini Rebecca , Ruffolo Alessandro Ferdinando , Casiraghi Arianna , Vergani Patrizia , Gallo Pasquale , Magoga Giulia , Cicuti Marta , Parma Marta , Frigerio Matteo ,   the Urogynecology‐Pelvic Floor Working Group (GLUP)
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis multicenter study aimed to evaluate risk factors, prevalence and severity of pelvic floor disorders (PFDs) as well as their consequences on women's emotional well‐being, using a questionnaire validated specifically for pregnancy and postpartum.MethodsProspective study conducted in eight teaching hospitals in Italy and Italian‐speaking Switzerland. Pregnant and postpartum women completed the Italian Pelvic Floor Questionnaire for Pregnancy and Postpartum anonymously. Prevalence of, severity of, and risk factors for PFDs were evaluated for all the four domains considered: bladder, bowel, prolapse, and sexual function.ResultsA total of 2007 women were included: 983 of the patients were bothered by at least one kind of PFD: bladder, bowel, and sexual dysfunction were more frequently reported. There were no significant differences in PFD prevalence between pregnancy and postpartum, except for bladder disorders, which were more prevalent in pregnancy. Familiarity for PFDs, pelvic floor contraction inability, cigarette smoking, body mass index more than 25 (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters), and age more than 35 years were confirmed risk factors for the development of PFDs during pregnancy and postpartum.ConclusionAlmost half of the women included in the study suffered from PFD‐related symptoms with important consequences on quality of life. Validated questionnaires are fundamental in early diagnosis and treatment of PFDs.
Gene expression profiles of multiple brain regions in rats differ between developmental and postpubertal exposure to valproic acid
Authors: Ojiro Ryota , Watanabe Yousuke , Okano Hiromu , Takahashi Yasunori , Takashima Kazumi , Tang Qian , Ozawa Shunsuke , Saito Fumiyo , Akahori Yumi , Jin Meilan , Yoshida Toshinori , Shibutani Makoto 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe have previously reported that the valproic acid (VPA)‐induced disruption pattern of hippocampal adult neurogenesis differs between developmental and 28‐day postpubertal exposure. In the present study, we performed brain region‐specific global gene expression profiling to compare the profiles of VPA‐induced neurotoxicity between developmental and postpubertal exposure. Offspring exposed to VPA at 0, 667, and 2000 parts per million (ppm) via maternal drinking water from gestational day 6 until weaning (postnatal day 21) were examined, along with male rats orally administered VPA at 0, 200, and 900 mg/kg body weight for 28 days starting at 5 weeks old. Four brain regions—the hippocampal dentate gyrus, corpus callosum, cerebral cortex, and cerebellar vermis—were subjected to expression microarray analysis. Profiled data suggested a region‐specific pattern of effects after developmental VPA exposure, and a common pattern of effects among brain regions after postpubertal VPA exposure. Developmental VPA exposure typically led to the altered expression of genes related to nervous system development (Msx1, Xcl1, Foxj1, Prdm16, C3, and Kif11) in the hippocampus, and those related to nervous system development (Neurod1) and gliogenesis (Notch1 and Sox9) in the corpus callosum. Postpubertal VPA exposure led to the altered expression of genes related to neuronal differentiation and projection (Cd47, Cyr61, Dbi, Adamts1, and Btg2) in multiple brain regions. These findings suggested that neurotoxic patterns of VPA might be different between developmental and postpubertal exposure, which was consistent with our previous study. Of note, the hippocampal dentate gyrus might be a sensitive target of developmental neurotoxicants after puberty.
Metasurface‐Enabled High‐Resolution Liquid‐Crystal Alignment for Display and Modulator Applications
Authors: Wang Jiawei , Li Ke , He Huilin , Cai Wengfeng , Liu Jianxun , Yin Zhen , Mu Quanquan , Hisao Vincent K. S. , Gérard Davy , Luo Dan , Li Guixin , Liu Yan Jun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOptical metasurfaces are 2D flat elements that consist of spatially arranged meta‐atoms. By carefully designing the metasurface, it is possible to fully control the properties of light in amplitude, phase, and/or polarization. When merged with liquid crystals (LCs), a metasurface can act as a reconfigurable optical component enabling dynamical control of light. However, many reports ignore the influence of the meta‐atom's geometry on the orientation of LCs. Here, it is proposed to synergistically merge LCs and specially designed gold metasurfaces for multiple optical functions. Gold metasurfaces are designed as a template to align the LC molecules in a resolution of ≤2 µm. Meanwhile, the aligned LCs are used to actively control the polarization of the incident light, further achieving active modulation of the plasmonic resonances of gold metasurfaces. The synergistic mergence of LCs and metasurfaces can enable a designed optical device to work simultaneously in both visible and near infrared ranges, which is highly promising for multiple applications simultaneously, such as high‐resolution display, modulation, anti‐counterfeiting, beam deflection, LiDAR, etc.
Pedicled superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap combined with lymphovenous anastomosis between the recipient site lymphatic vessels and flap superficial veins for reconstruction of groin/thigh tissue defect and creation of lymph flow‐through to reduce lymphatic complications: A report of preliminary results
Authors: Scaglioni Mario F. , Meroni Matteo , Fritsche Elmar 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundLarge locoregional defects affecting lymphatic‐rich regions may be subject to serious lymphatic complications, such as lymphedema and recurrent lymphocele. In the last few years, a demeaning volume reconstruction combined with lymph flow restoration showed to effectively reduce their incidences. The purpose of this report is to present the preliminary results of the use of pedicled SCIP flap with LVA between the recipient site lymphatic vessels and flap superficial vein for reconstruction of soft tissue defect and creation of lymph flow‐through to reduce lymphatic complications.Patients and MethodsBetween 2018 and 2020, 4 patients (2 males and 2 females), with a mean age of 56.5 years (ranging 42–76 years), presented a soft tissue defect with lymphatic drainage damage which was reconstructed by resorting to pedicled SCIP flap. Causes of the defect were tumoral surgical excision in 3 cases and severe trauma in 1 case. The defects were located in the medial thigh in 2 cases and groin area in 2 cases, with sizes ranging from 5 × 19 cm to 8 × 22 cm. The SCIP flap was raised by paying attention to preserve some suitable veins at the distal edge of the skin paddle. The flap was then turned 180 degrees and inset in order to match the direction of the recipient's lymphatic vessels. One or more LVAs were performed between the recipient site damaged lymphatics and a superficial flap's vein.ResultsThe sizes of flaps ranged from 5 × 19 cm to 8 × 22 cm. The mean number of LVAs was 2.2 (ranging from 1 to 3). A minor post‐operative complication was encountered (small infected seroma) in 1 case, which was conservatively managed. No secondary procedures were required. In all cases complete range of motion (ROM) of the hip joint and wound coverage at both donor and recipient site were achieved. The mean follow‐up was 8 months (ranging 7–10 months). No signs of lymphedema and lymphocele were reported over this time.ConclusionsThe pedicled SCIP flap with LVA between the recipient site lymphatic vessels and flap superficial vein may provide a solution for inguinal and upper thigh defects reconstructions that requires a lymphatic drainage restoration. Its superficial veins may be exploited to perform LVAs at recipient site, thus reducing the lymphatic complications in these delicate regions.
Design of a filtering power divider with high selectivity based on coupled lines
Authors: Sheikhi Akram , Rostami Parastoo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this paper, a microstrip high selectivity filtering power divider with coupling from source/load to the resonator is designed. By employing pairs of parallel‐coupled lines and asymmetrical T‐shaped resonators to construct the filtering power dividers (PD), high selectivity, and good return loss can be achieved with two transmission poles and two transmission zeros. The design procedure and analytical equations are obtained by using the even/odd‐mode analysis. The power divider operating at the central frequency of 2.1 GHz with a 3‐dB fractional bandwidth of 19% (1.9–2.4 GHz) is simulated and implemented. Good agreement between measurement and simulated results is obtained. By introducing a resistor between output ports, the isolation is better than 18.4 dB at the passband frequency, respectively. Also, the second harmonic rejection and insertion loss lower than 0.38 dB has been obtained.
Petrophysical target characterization with lithogeochemical clustering: the Metsämonttu Zn–Pb–Cu deposit, southern Finland
Authors: Leväniemi Hanna , Hokka Janne 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTIn mineral exploration, reliable and comprehensive petrophysical groundwork helps evaluate the success rate of applying geophysical methods to the target and thus improves the quality of decision‐making related to geophysical surveys. Petrophysical data for potential field exploration can be efficiently collected from drill cores together with portable XRF data that provide insight into rock compositions. We acquired and analysed a multi‐parameter portable‐instrument drill core data set (2036 samples) with portable XRF, magnetic susceptibility and density measurements from the Metsämonttu Zn–Pb–Cu deposit, one of the base metal deposits in the Orijärvi Belt, southern Finland, with little post‐mining exploration during the last 50 years. Our study applied a machine learning technique (Gaussian Mixture Model clustering) to the portable XRF data to provide a pseudo‐lithological reclassification of the drill cores and used this as a basis for characterization of the deposit in petrophysical terms. We also used thermomagnetic measurements to inspect the magnetic mineralogy of the drill cores. Finally, we estimated the success of using potential field methods (magnetic and gravity) for brownfield exploration of analogous deposits in the area. With the portable XRF data clustering we were able to distinguish between barren mafic and felsic volcanic rocks, altered rocks and three different ore mineral enriched rock types. The petrophysical measurement data and thermomagnetic results were combined with the clusters to define the petrophysical characteristics for future mineral exploration with potential field methods. At Metsämonttu, the highest densities are related to the ore and iron sulphide‐bearing rocks. High natural remanent magnetization intensities are related to the iron sulphide‐bearing ore, and remanent magnetization is a significant magnetic anomaly source. Based on synthetic modelling results, both magnetic and gravimetric data could be used in direct exploration in the Metsämonttu area.
Denture composite reinforced with short polyethylene terephthalate fibers
Authors: Perišić Srdjan , Kareem Ali Alzaroug Azdihar , Kalevski Katarina , Vuksanović Marija M. , Volkov Husović Tatjana , Radović Ivana , Radojević Vesna 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPolymer matrix composite materials have found application in dentistry because of good mechanical properties, aesthetic, easy processing, and possibilities of the repair. Acrylates are materials used to make and repair dentures. Reinforcements in the form of short glass or polymer fibers are added to improve the mechanical properties of dental polymers. In this study, the processing of composite material with a polymer matrix from commercial auto‐polymerized acrylate Simgal, with reinforcement in the form of short poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers was examined. Samples were processed in three series: pure Simgal, Simgal/PET 1 wt% and Simgal/PET 3 wt%. The influence of the reinforcement in the form of short PET fibers on the mechanical properties of composite materials was investigated. Strength and hardness were tested by impact testing and Vickers microhardness, and it was shown that there is an increase in absorbed energy and hardness. The modulus was reduced by the addition of PET fibers and by increasing the amount of fibers in the composite. The increase in the amount of PET fibers also resulted in a smaller loss of surface mass of the samples compared to the pure matrix by 63% and 93%, respectively. Cavitation test revealed better cavitation resistance of composites than the pure acrylate.
Multifunctional Magnetic Nanomedicine Drug Delivery and Imaging‐Based Diagnostic Systems
Authors: Aslam Hira , Shukrullah Shazia , Naz Muhammad Yasin , Fatima Hareem , Ullah Sami , Al‐Sehemi Abdullah G. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMagnetically guided drug transportation is a technique in which magnetic pharmaceutical transporters in organisms are controlled by applied magnetic forces to deliver drugs to the desired location. Different magnetic drug delivery systems (MDDSs) are developed to treat a variety of illnesses, particularly cancer and neurological disorders. However, a unique magnetic setup is required in each application for an effective magnetically guided drug aiming to direct the drug‐carrying nanocarriers to the intended area. The current and future perspectives of MDDS are investigated in this study by considering their biological functions, deliverable efficiency, complexity, and the nature of the externally applied magnetic field. Despite the fact that MDDSs have low cytotoxicity, regulated magneto reactivity, extended circulation lifespan, and high surface stability, very few clinical studies have been conducted to date in order to achieve optimized therapeutic efficacy before entering the market. In recent studies, the development of novel magnetic medication transporting carriers is preferred over direct magnetic medication administration. Better functional magnetic targeting technologies are required for such breakthroughs to enter clinical trials. Because MDDSs are unlikely to work in all clinical situations, more focused research is needed to replace or improve the strategy for treating multiple illnesses.
Pulmonary function tests in extremely low gestational age infants at one year of age
Authors: Voynow Judith A. , Feng Rui , Ren Clement L. , Dylag Andrew M. , Kemp James S. , McDowell Karen , Sharp Jack , Moore Paul E. , Eichenwald Eric , Panitch Howard , Clem Charles , Johnson Robin , Davis Stephanie D. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRationaleIdentifying neonatal and post‐discharge exposures among extremely low gestational age newborns (ELGANs) that drive increased pulmonary morbidity and abnormal lung function at 1 year of age proves challenging.ObjectiveThe NIH‐sponsored Prematurity and Respiratory Outcomes Program (PROP), evaluated infant pulmonary function tests (iPFTs) at 1 year corrected age to determine which demographic and clinical factors are associated with abnormal lung function.MethodsiPFTs were performed on a PROP subcohort of 135 participants following Institutional Review Board (IRB)‐approved written consent. Demographic data, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) clinical care, and post‐NICU exposures were analyzed for association with iPFTs.Main ResultsA significant decrease in forced expiratory volume at 0.5 s (FEV0.5) and/or forced expiratory flows at 75% of forced vital capacity (FEF75), were associated with male sex and African American race. Clinical factors including longer duration of ventilatory support, exposure to systemic steroids, and weight less than the 10th percentile at 36 weeks postmenstrual age were also associated with airflow obstruction, whereas supplemental oxygen requirement and bronchopulmonary dysplasia were not. Additionally, the need for respiratory medications, technology, or hospitalizations during the first year, ascertained by a quarterly survey, were the only post‐NICU factors associated with decreased FEV0.5 and FEF75. Only 7% of infants had reversible airflow obstruction.ConclusionsNeonatal demographic factors, respiratory support in the NICU, and a history of greater post‐NICU medical utilization for respiratory disease had the strongest association with lower lung function at 1 year in ELGANs.
TATP Headspace Study
Authors: Stromberg Jonathan R. , Castillo Rolon Mairym M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCompositional analysis of crude and recrystallized TATP in solution and the headspace above solid material did not identify acetone presence in any sample. Acetone was detected in trace levels in crude TATP samples heated to 65 °C for 42 hours. The concentration of which was observed to decrease over time. This is attributed to the removal of the headspace gas.
Design of interactive augmented reality functions for robotic surgery and evaluation in dry‐lab lymphadenectomy
Authors: Forte Maria‐Paola , Gourishetti Ravali , Javot Bernard , Engler Tobias , Gomez Ernest D. , Kuchenbecker Katherine J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundAugmented reality (AR) has been widely researched for use in healthcare. Prior AR for robot‐assisted minimally invasive surgery has mainly focussed on superimposing preoperative three‐dimensional (3D) images onto patient anatomy. This article presents alternative interactive AR tools for robotic surgery.MethodsWe designed, built and evaluated four voice‐controlled functions: viewing a live video of the operating room, viewing two‐dimensional preoperative images, measuring 3D distances and warning about out‐of‐view instruments. This low‐cost system was developed on a da Vinci Si, and it can be integrated into surgical robots equipped with a stereo camera and a stereo viewer.ResultsEight experienced surgeons performed dry‐lab lymphadenectomies and reported that the functions improved the procedure. They particularly appreciated the possibility of accessing the patient's medical records on demand, measuring distances intraoperatively and interacting with the functions using voice commands.ConclusionsThe positive evaluations garnered by these alternative AR functions and interaction methods provide support for further exploration.
Photothermal‐Transport Imaging and Thermal Management of 2D Materials
Authors: Chen Shao‐Nan , Liu Xu‐Shan , Luo Rong‐Hui , Xu En‐Ze , Tian Jian‐Guo , Liu Zhi‐Bo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThermal management plays an important role in miniaturized and integrated nanoelectronic devices, where finding ways to enable efficient heat‐dissipation can be critical. 2D materials, especially graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN), are generally regarded as ideal materials for thermal management due to their high inherent thermal conductivity. In this paper, a new method is reported, which can be used to characterize thermal transport in 2D materials. The separation of pumping from detection can obtain the temperature at different distances from the heat source, which makes it possible to study the heat distribution of 2D materials. Using this method, the thermal conductivity of graphene and molybdenum disulfide is measured, and the thermal diffusion for different shapes of graphene is explored. It is found that thermal transport in graphene changes when the surrounding environment changes. In addition, thermal transport is restricted at the boundary. These processes are accurately simulated using the finite element method, and the simulated results agree well with the experiment. Furthermore, by depositing a layer of h‐BN on graphene, the heat‐dissipation characteristics of graphene become tunable. This study introduces and describes a new method to investigate and optimize thermal management in 2D materials.
Pathophysiological role of ion channels and transporters in gastrointestinal mucosal diseases
Authors: Deng Zilin , Zhao Yingying , Ma Zhiyuan , Zhang Minglin , Wang Hu , Yi Zhiqiang , Tuo Biguang , Li Taolang , Liu Xuemei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe incidence of gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal diseases, including various types of gastritis, ulcers, inflammatory bowel disease and GI cancer, is increasing. Therefore, it is necessary to identify new therapeutic targets. Ion channels/transporters are located on cell membranes, and tight junctions (TJs) affect acid–base balance, the mucus layer, permeability, the microbiota and mucosal blood flow, which are essential for maintaining GI mucosal integrity. As ion channel/transporter dysfunction results in various GI mucosal diseases, this review focuses on understanding the contribution of ion channels/transporters to protecting the GI mucosal barrier and the relationship between GI mucosal disease and ion channels/transporters, including Cl−/HCO3− exchangers, Cl− channels, aquaporins, Na+/H+ exchangers, and K+ channels. Here, we provide novel prospects for the treatment of GI mucosal diseases.
Bounds for Schrödinger Operators on the Half-Line Perturbed by Dissipative Barriers
Authors: Stepanenko Alexei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe consider Schrödinger operators of the form$$H_R = - \,\text {{d}}^2/\,\text {{d}}x^2 + q + i \gamma \chi _{[0,R]}$$HR=-d2/dx2+q+iγχ[0,R]for large$$R>0$$R>0, where$$q \in L^1(0,\infty )$$q∈L1(0,∞)and$$\gamma > 0$$γ>0. Bounds for the maximum magnitude of an eigenvalue and for the number of eigenvalues are proved. These bounds complement existing general bounds applied to this system, for sufficiently largeR.
Trends of genetic changes uncovered by Env- and Eigen-GWAS in wheat and barley
Authors: Sharma Rajiv , Cockram James , Gardner Keith A. , Russell Joanne , Ramsay Luke , Thomas William T. B. , O’Sullivan Donal M. , Powell Wayne , Mackay Ian J. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Key message
Variety age and population structure detect novel QTL for yield and adaptation in wheat and barley without the need to phenotype.

Abstract
The process of crop breeding over the last century has delivered new varieties with increased genetic gains, resulting in higher crop performance and yield. However, in many cases, the alleles and genomic regions underpinning this success remain unknown. This is partly due to the difficulty of generating sufficient phenotypic data on large numbers of historical varieties to enable such analyses. Here we demonstrate the ability to circumvent such bottlenecks by identifying genomic regions selected over 100 years of crop breeding using age of a variety as a surrogate for yield. Rather than collecting phenotype data, we deployed ‘environmental genome-wide association scans’ (EnvGWAS) based on variety age in two of the world’s most important crops, wheat and barley, and detected strong signals of selection across both genomes. EnvGWAS identified 16 genomic regions in barley and 10 in wheat with contrasting patterns between spring and winter types of the two crops. To further examine changes in genome structure, we used the genomic relationship matrix of the genotypic data to derive eigenvectors for analysis in EigenGWAS. This detected seven major chromosomal introgressions that contributed to adaptation in wheat. EigenGWAS and EnvGWAS based on variety age avoid costly phenotyping and facilitate the identification of genomic tracts that have been under selection during breeding. Our results demonstrate the potential of using historical cultivar collections coupled with genomic data to identify chromosomal regions under selection and may help guide future plant breeding strategies to maximise the rate of genetic gain and adaptation.