bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Verification of Stiffness-Variability of an Active Tensegrity With Nylon Actuators
Authors: Yoshizumi Tomoya , Masuda Arata , Miura Nanako 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A tensegrity is a pin-jointed structure composed of isolated compressive members supported by an interconnected network of tensile members, which respectively bear compressive and tensile prestress. This study focuses on its unique feature of stiffness variability induced by the change of the member length, in which the overall structural behavior to an external force varies from a hard and elastic phase to a soft and compliant phase. In this paper, a small-sized tensegrity structure in the form of a truncated octahedron consisting of 12 compressive members and 36 tensile members was designed and fabricated, in which coiled nylon strings were installed as heat-induced contractive actuators replacing four of its tensile members to demonstrate the significant variability of the structural stiffness. Morphing under gravity due to the contraction of the actuators was observed, and the static behavior of the tensegrity under an applied external force was experimentally quantified to verify the large variability of the structural stiffness.
Robust and Powerful Structural Integrated Thin Film Supercapacitors for Lightweight Space Structures
Authors: Geier Sebastian , Petersen Jan , Eilenberger Marius , Wierach Peter 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Stored energy is the decisive factor for almost all missions in transportation systems. Additionally, the energy devices must be powerful, and lightweight at the same time for efficient performance of the overall transportation system. Due to the advancing electrification, there is a huge demand for devices to store electrical energy. Aside from batteries, which receive a great deal of scientific attention, supercapacitors are a very promising technology. This system features several advantages such as short charging time, high energy density and cycle stability. Especially the latter advantage enables a further lightweight approach by integrating supercapacitors as a thin film into composite structures. Due to their cycle stability, supercapacitors are the ideal energy device for integration into hardly accessible positions such as mechanically loadable structures.
This publication deals with the strategy of structurally compliant integration of pouch supercapacitor cells (structural power composites). The aim is to operate a peak power application needed for space positioning. However, there are several properties which have to be optimized during the development of structural power composites to achieve the best possible electromechanical performance. Furthermore, there are effects which have a positive influence on the specific performance by scaling up from laboratory scale to a full-size demonstrator. In this case, integration of energy storage devices into structures offers a volume and weight reduction of up to 80% compared to a structure with commercial supercapacitors.
Delamination Detection in Fiber-Reinforced Polymers Using Mechanoluminescence-Optoelectronic Strain Sensor
Authors: Mongare Alfred , Ryu Donghyeon 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Structural health monitoring (SHM) uses a network of sensors to be instrumented at critical locations in aerospace structures for timely damage detection. Some advanced technologies have been suggested for delamination detection of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites. However, these advanced sensors still suffer from dependency on an external power source. In particular, for cases where a large network of sensors is instrumented, power consumption by the sensor network may overwhelm the entire aerospace structural systems. To overcome the issue due to energy dependency of the state-of-the-art sensor technologies, self-powered sensors are needed for delamination detection in FRP of aerospace structures. In this study, a direct current (DC)-based strain sensor is suggested using multifunctional mechanoluminescent-optoelectronic (MLO) composites to be used for detection of delamination in FRP. First, an MLO-based strain sensor is fabricated using two functional materials: mechano-luminescent (ML) copper-doped zinc sulfide (ZnS:Cu)-based elastomeric composites and mechano-optoelectronic (MO) poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)-based thin films. Second, the sensor is then subjected to uniaxial sinusoidal cyclic loadings in a load frame and tested by varying strains and a constant loading rate to validate its DC-based strain sensing capability. DC responses are recorded during the cyclic loadings. Last, delamination detection in FRP is validated using the MLO sensor that is placed on an FRP test coupon, where pre-crack is formed to initiate delamination. The MLO-FRP specimen is subjected to cyclic loadings using 3-point bending test setup with varying maximum strains. The DC generated from MLO sensor is measured and compared to parameters calculated for assessing severity of delamination.
Ocular surface sphingolipids associate with the refractory nature of vernal keratoconjunctivitis: newer insights in VKC pathogenesis
Authors: Menta Vignesh , Agarwal Shweta , Das Ujjalkumar Subhash , Moksha Laxmi , Srividya Gurumurthy , Anandan Amrutha M , Srinivasan Bhaskar , Iyer Geetha , Velpandian Thirumurthy , Angayarkanni Narayanasamy 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundThe etiopathogenesis of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is incompletely understood. Bioactive lipids play a key role in allergic disorders. This study focused on the sphingolipid metabolism on the ocular surface of VKC and to explore if it has a contributory role in the refractoriness of the disease.MethodsActive VKC cases, (n=87) (classified as mild/moderate and severe/very severe based on the disease symptoms) and age-matched healthy controls (n=60) were recruited as part of a 2-year prospective study at a tertiary eye care centre in South India. Conjunctival imprint cytology was used to assess gene expression of enzymes of sphingolipids metabolism. Sphingolipids were estimated in the tears by LC-MS/MS analysis. In vitro study was done to assess IgE-induced alterations in sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor expression and histone modification in cultured mast cells.ResultsSignificantly altered gene expression of the sphingolipids enzymes and S1P receptor (SIP3R) were observed in conjunctival imprint cells of VKC cases. Pooled tears analysis revealed significantly lowered levels of S1P(d17:0), S1P(d20:1) (p<0.001) and S1P(d17:1) (p<0.01) specifically in severe/very severe VKC compared with both mild/moderate VKC and control. Cer(d18:/17:0) (p<0.001), ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P)(d18:1/8:0) (p<0.01) and C1P(d18:1/2.0 (p<0.05) were lowered in severe/very severe VKC compared with mild/moderate VKC. Cultured mast cells treated with IgE revealed significantly increased gene expression of S1P1 and 3 receptors and the protein expression of histone deacetylases (1, 6).ConclusionAltered sphingolipid metabolism in the ocular surface results in low tear ceramide and sphingosine levels in severe/very severe VKC compared with the mild/moderate cases. The novel finding opens up fresh targets for intervention in these refractory cases.
Scleral growth stunting via sub-Tenon injection of cross-linking solutions in live rabbits
Authors: Hoang Quan V , Wen Quan , Paik David C , Chun Yong Yao , Silverman Ronald , Nagasaki Takayuki , Trokel Stephen L , Zyablitskaya Mariya 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundScleral cross-linking is a potential method to inhibit axial elongation of the eye, preventing the progression of pathological myopia. Formaldehyde releasers, which are common preservatives found in cosmetics and ophthalmic solutions, have been shown to be not only effective in cross-linking corneal collagen in vitro and in vivo, but also have minimal toxicity effects on the eye. The present study aims to evaluate the efficacy of scleral cross-linking using sodium hydroxymethylglycinate (SMG) to inhibit eye growth using an in vivo rabbit model.MethodsA cross-linking solution containing 40 mM SMG was delivered to the sub-Tenon’s space behind the equator. The application regimen included a two-quadrant injection performed five times over 2 weeks on New Zealand White rabbits (n=5, group 1), and one-time injection followed for up to 5 days on Dutch-Belted rabbits (n=6, group 2). Group 1 was monitored serially for axial length changes using B-scan ultrasound for 5–6 weeks. Group 2 was injected with a higher viscosity solution formulation. Both groups were evaluated for thermal denaturation temperature changes of the sclera postmortem.ResultsAxial growth was limited by 10%–20% following SMG treatment as compared with the untreated eye. Thermal denaturation analysis showed increased heat resistance of the treated eyes in the areas of injection. Overall, the SMG treatment inhibited eye growth with few side effects from the injections.ConclusionsCross-linking solutions delivered via sub-Tenon injection provide a potential method for limiting axial length growth in progressive myopia and could be used as a potential treatment for myopia.
Complementary mapping techniques to characterize the wood finish of musical instruments
Authors: Albano Michela , Ghirardello Marta , Fiocco Giacomo , Manzoni Cristian , Malagodi Marco , Comelli Daniela 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe wood finish of historical bowed string musical instruments made in Cremona (Italy) during the seventeenth and eighteenth century is a complex multi-layered coating system, where varnishes and other organic binders are variously mixed with inorganic fillers and pigments. It consists of several layers with reduced thickness (tens of microns or less), hard to be distinguished due to the similarity of the constituent materials. Nevertheless, the identification of chemical and morphological features (layering and boundaries) is strictly necessary to disclose the traditional manufacturing procedures. In this paper, we propose an innovative protocol to fully characterize such a multi-layered coating system by combining hyperspectral photoluminescence (PL) micro-imaging with μFTIR-ATR mapping and SEM-EDX analysis. The protocol has been employed to study three cross-sectional samples from violins made by Lorenzo Storioni (second half of eighteenth century), whereas a properly reproduced laboratory mock-up was used to set the analytical protocol. The obtained results demonstrate that the combination of these complementary spectroscopy mapping techniques in a high-resolution strategy allows one to clearly identify the morphology of a few microns thin layers, to assess the penetration depth of sizing treatments into the wood and to detect restoration areas.
Autotradução e a autobiografia de Nabókov
Authors: Dadashova Shafag 
Published: October 2021

Este artigo busca explorar a identidade própria de autores em autobiografias autotraduzidas por meio da leitura de textos de Nabókov em duas línguas, apresentados de três formas diferentes com três títulos diversos. A autobiografia de Nabokov é, por um lado, uma tradução dupla, e, por outro, três life writings diferentes. A primeira versão foi escrita em inglês e é intitulada Conclusive evidence. Nela, o autor parece estar tentando prover evidências para seu lugar em uma cultura estrangeira. O segundo livro é a tradução do supracitado, mas feita pelo próprio autor, que teve uma abordagem muito criativa nesse processo, adaptando-o corajosamente a um novo público. Essa versão russa foi intitulada Druguie beregá, e nela Nabókov fala a seus compatriotas sobre sua vida em outras cercanias. O livro não inclui todas as partes da primeira versão, e o autor escolhe informações convenientes para causar efeito sobre o espírito russo. A terceira versão, Speak memory, é a forma mais madura de life writing do autor, e investiga sua identidade em duas línguas, mas com fontes quase idênticas para fomentar seu talento. O artigo analisa as buscas de identidade nas autobiografias de Nabókov, comparando-as onde se faz relevante.
Diário de um escritor (1873), de Fiódor Dostoiévski: notas de uma tradução
Authors: Mountian Daniela 
Published: October 2021

Pretende-se discutir no artigo alguns aspectos, dilemas e paradoxos do processo de tradução de Diário de um escritor (1873), coluna que Fiódor Dostoiévski mantinha na revista O cidadão (Grajdanin).
Association Between Sleep Disturbances With Neurodevelopmental Problems and Decreased Health‐Related Quality of Life in Children With Fontan Circulation
Authors: Knobbe Kirstin , Partha Meghana , Seckeler Michael D. , Klewer Scott , Hsu Chiu‐Hsieh , Edgin Jamie , Morgan Wayne J. , Provencio‐Dean Natalie , Lopez Silvia , Parthasarathy Sairam , Combs Daniel 
Published: October 2021

Background
Children with Fontan circulation are known to be at increased risk for neurodevelopmental problems and decreased health‐related quality of life (HRQOL), but many factors that may contribute to this risk are unknown. Sleep disturbances may be one previously unidentified factor that contributes to this risk.

Methods and Results

We analyzed data from the Pediatric Heart Network Fontan cross‐sectional study to evaluate associations between a parent or child report of sleep disturbance with reported neurodevelopmental concerns and HRQOL in 558 children with Fontan circulation. Parent‐reported sleep disturbance was present in 11% of participants and child‐reported sleep disturbance was present in 15%. Parent‐reported sleep disturbance was associated with a significantly higher risk of attention problems, anxiety, depression, behavioral problems, and developmental delay (
P
<0.001 for all). Similarly, parent‐reported disturbance was associated with decreased HRQOL on both parent and child‐reported HRQOL (
P
<0.001 for most domains). Child‐reported sleep disturbances were associated with increased odds of anxiety, depression, and attention problems as well as worse HRQOL. These associations were present even after adjustment for cardiac, demographic, and socioeconomic factors that may affect HRQOL and neurodevelopmental status.

Conclusions
Sleep disturbances in children with Fontan circulation are associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental problems as well as reduced HRQOL compared with those without sleep disturbance. Better understanding of sleep disturbances is needed in children with Fontan circulation, as sleep disturbances may represent a reversible cause of neurodevelopmental problems and decreased HRQOL in this population.
Observations of Strongly Modulated Surface Wave and Wave Breaking Statistics at a Submesoscale Front
Authors: VreĆica Teodor , Pizzo Nick , Lenain Luc 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Ocean submesoscale currents, with spatial scales on the order of 0.1–10 km, are horizontally divergent flows, leading to vertical motions that are crucial for modulating the fluxes of mass, momentum, and energy between the ocean and the atmosphere, with important implications for biological and chemical processes. Recently, there has been considerable interest in the role of surface waves in modifying frontal dynamics. However, there is a crucial lack of observations of these processes, which are needed to constrain and guide theoretical and numerical models. To this end, we present novel high-resolution airborne remote sensing and in situ observations of wave–current interaction at a submesoscale front near the island of O’ahu, Hawaii. We find strong modulation of the surface wave field across the frontal boundary, including enhanced wave breaking, that leads to significant spatial inhomogeneities in the wave and wave breaking statistics. The nonbreaking (i.e., Stokes) and breaking induced drifts are shown to be increased at the boundary by approximately 50% and an order of magnitude, respectively. The momentum flux from the wave field to the water column due to wave breaking is enhanced by an order of magnitude at the front. Using an orthogonal coordinate system that is tangent and normal to the front, we show that these sharp modulations occur over a distance of several meters in the direction normal to the front. Finally, we discuss these observations in the context of improved coupled models of air–sea interaction at a submesoscale front.
The effect of social interaction quantity and quality on depressed mood and loneliness: A daily diary study
Authors: Kuczynski Adam M. , Halvorson Max A. , Slater Lily R. , Kanter Jonathan W. 
Published: October 2021

Background Concerns about the possible effects of social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted several gaps in our knowledge about the association between social interactions and mental health. The current study aimed to characterize the unique effect of social interaction quantity and quality on daily depressed mood and loneliness and to identify the degree to which these processes operate at the within-person and between-person levels of analysis. Methods A community sample of 515 adults was recruited to participate in 75 days of daily surveys. Participants reported on daily feelings of loneliness, depressed mood, social interaction frequency, engagement in vulnerable self-disclosure, and perceived responsiveness. Linear mixed models were used to identify the effect of daily social interaction quantity and quality on loneliness and depressed mood and to characterize the degree to which these effects varied across individuals. Results Social interaction quantity and perceived responsiveness were negatively associated with depressed mood and loneliness at the within-person level of analysis. Perceived responsiveness was also negatively associated with depressed mood and loneliness at both the within-person and between-person levels of analysis. Random slopes analysis revealed substantial heterogeneity in the within-person effects. Limitations The non-experimental design of this study precludes drawing causal conclusions. Furthermore, demographic and/or geographic differences in the observed effects may limit generalization. Conclusions Engaging in more frequent, high-quality interactions may protect against daily depressed mood and loneliness despite one’s average level of these variables. Future research is needed to establish causality and identify the degree to which these findings generalize across samples and time.
‘It feels it’s wasting whatever time I’ve got left’: A qualitative study of living with treatable but not curable cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Radcliffe Eloise , Khan Aysha , Wright David , Berman Richard , Demain Sara , Foster Claire , Restorick-Banks Susan , Richardson Alison , Wagland Richard , Calman Lynn 
Published: October 2021

Background: People living with cancer that is treatable but not curable have complex needs, often managing health at home, supported by those close to them. Challenges are likely to be exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic and the risk-reducing measures introduced in response. The impact of COVID-19 on those living with incurable, life-threatening conditions is little understood. Aim: To investigate the experiences and identify the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic for people living with treatable not curable cancer and their informal carers. Design: Qualitative semi-structured phone interviews were conducted with 21 patients living with cancer that is treatable but not curable and 14 carers. Setting/ participants: Participants were part of a larger longitudinal qualitative study (ENABLE) on supported self-management for people living with cancer that is treatable but not curable. Results: The COVID-19 pandemic magnified uncertainty and anxiety and led to loss of opportunities to do things important to patients in the limited time they have left to live. Lack of face-to-face contact with loved ones had a significant impact on patients’ and carers’ emotional wellbeing. Carers experienced increased responsibilities but less access to formal and informal support and respite. While changes to treatment led to some concern about longer-term impact on health, most patients felt well-supported by healthcare teams. Conclusion: The study provides rich insights into the nature of challenges, uncertainty and lost opportunities resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic for patients and carers living with cancer that is treatable but not curable, which has wider resonance for people living with other life-limiting conditions.
Telemedicine experiences and perspectives of healthcare providers in long-term care: A scoping review
Authors: Tan Apphia JQ , Rusli Khairul DB , McKenna Lisa , Tan Laurence LC , Liaw Sok Ying 
Published: October 2021

Objective To consolidate existing evidence on experiences and perspectives of healthcare providers involved in telemedicine services in long-term residential care. Methods A scoping review was conducted. A systematic search for articles published in 2000–2021 was performed in CINAHL, Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE and Scopus; further, relevant journals and grey literature websites were hand searched. Key search terms included ‘telemedicine’, ‘telehealth’ and ‘nursing homes’. Results Twenty-six articles were included. A narrative synthesis of evidence was conducted. The review identified four themes: (1) Presence of multidisciplinary care, (2) perceived usefulness of telemedicine, (3) perceived ease of use and (4) expanded role of nursing home staff. The presence of multidisciplinary care providers provided a wide range of telemedicine services to residents and promoted interprofessional collaboration between acute and long-term care. Telemedicine was perceived to increase timely onsite management by remote specialists, which enabled care quality improvement. However, technical problems associated with equipment usage reduced the ease of use of telemedicine. Concerns emerged from the expanded role of nursing home staff, which could negatively affect clinical decision-making and create medico-legal risks. Conclusion and implications Telemedicine is valuable in distance-based care, especially in the current 2019 coronavirus pandemic, for supporting continuity of care to nursing home residents. This review provided evidence from multiple healthcare providers’ perspectives. Further research can elucidate their specific roles and responsibilities in telemedicine and challenges in work processes, which will facilitate developing evidence-based competencies and improving technical infrastructure, thus contributing to personal and organisational readiness for telemedicine integration.