bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Proximity of Root Apices of Maxillary Posterior Teeth to the Maxillary Sinus Floor using CBCT among Different Age Groups: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Rasool Nadia , Shetty S. Vidhyadhara , Buch Sajad A. , Nair Prathap MS , Kalaichelvan S , Jayasheelan Nishi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:
The increased thickness of the Schneiderian membrane under pathological conditions may result in a thickness of up to 3 mm, thereby making it evident on the radiograph. Therefore, knowing that a thorough understanding of the anatomical correlation between maxillary sinus floor (MSF) and maxillary teeth is indispensable for the management of cases; this research was undertaken to evaluate the proximity of root apices of the maxillary posterior (RAMP) teeth to the MSF using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) among different age groups of the Indian population.

Methods:
CBCT scans of 150 patients were obtained from the institute’s database based on strict inclusion and exclusion criteria; such that an equal number of samples were obtained in the following three age groups: Group 1 – Young group (20–44 years), Group 2 – Middle age (45–59 years), Group 3 – Elderly (60–70 years). CBCT images were assessed in multiple cross-sections using Planmeca Romexis software to evaluate the vertical relationship between the RAMP teeth and the MSF. All values thus obtained were subjected to statistical analysis.

Results:
Of a total of 153 subjects included in our study, the number of males and females were 80 (52.3%) and 73 (47.7%), respectively, in the age group of 17–70 years where the mean age (and standard deviation) was 35.4 (12.4) years. The mesial, distal, and palatal root apices, respectively, of the maxillary second molar were closest to the MSF.

Conclusion:
Based on the observations, on comparing both sides, the difference noted in the roots of the maxillary first premolar – both buccal and palatal was statistically significant; but the influence of age and sex were found to be non-significant.
Lip Print Analysis to Predict Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Ethnicity Identification among Saudi and Kuwaiti Population
Authors: Abdul Nishath Sayed , Al Quraini Fatma Hassan , Alquraini Shammaa , Al Khaldi Reema , Al Saud Al Jouhara Nahar 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Lip prints, or cheiloscopy, have potential forensic and diagnostic applications. The present study was undertaken to assess the correlation between lip print patterns and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Saudi and Kuwaiti female populations, as well as explore ethnic differences in lip print patterns.

Methods:
A descriptive study was performed among 121 female participants (30 diabetics and 91 non-diabetics) aged 20–65 years from Saudi Arabia and Kuwait. Cheiloscopic patterns were analyzed using the Tsuchihashi and Suzuki categorization. Data analysis was done using the Chi-square test of association. For all analysis, level of significance was set below 5%.

Results:
Saudi diabetic females predominantly exhibited the vertical lip print pattern (67%), while the reticular pattern (73%) was most common in Kuwaiti diabetics. Non-diabetic participants in both groups primarily showed the undifferentiated pattern. Significant differences were found between diabetic Saudi and Kuwaiti females. The branched pattern (16.1%) in non-diabetic Saudis may indicate future risk for T2DM.

Conclusion:
Lip print analysis shows potential as a non-invasive marker for T2DM risk and ethnic differentiation. Further studies are needed to confirm its utility as a diagnostic tool.
Evaluation of Effects of Staining and Bleaching Agents on the Stability of Color for Microhybrid and Nanohybrid Resin Composite Restorative Materials – An In vitro Study
Authors: Virdy Simran , Dahiya Surya , Kukreja Navneet , Dhawan Rajan , Aggarwal Nidhi , Tiwari Mohini 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The aim of this study was to investigate the color changes (ΔE) of two different composite resins after staining and bleaching.

Material and Methods:
A total of 100 specimens were prepared from microhybrid and nanohybrid composites. The samples were divided into five groups and stained for 30 days with tea, coffee, cola, red wine, or distilled water (control). Each group was further divided into two subgroups to receive a 14-day application of Opalescence PF or VivaStyle® Paint On Plus bleaching materials. The color of all samples was determined at baseline, after staining, and after bleaching. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and independent sample t-test.

Results:
The highest ΔE values were observed in the red wine groups for both composites. Bleaching agents decreased ΔE values; however, they were unable to return the values to baseline values.

Conclusion:
Staining and bleaching may affect color, depending on the type, filler, and matrix content of the composite resin.
Assessment of Lag Screws in Treatment of Anterior Mandibular Fracture
Authors: Chowdhury Esha , Ebenezer Vijay 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Aims:
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the results of treating anterior mandibular fractures with lag screws, focusing on specific clinical and radiographic characteristics.

Method:
Ten patients with anterior mandibular fractures were selected and given anesthesia. A local anesthetic with a vasoconstrictor (1:80000 adrenaline) was used at the surgical site. A vestibular incision of 3–4 mm was made, extending from 34–44. A gauze pad and the blunt side of a periosteal elevator were used to lift the mucoperiosteal flap. Metrogyl irrigation was then performed to remove any fibers stuck to the bone. The fracture site was exposed and the fracture edges were refined. Intermaxillary fixation was carried out once the broken fragments were minimized. Two lag screws, ranging in length from 16 to 20 mm, were used to secure the fragments, depending on the needs of each case.

Result:
Fracture stability, occlusion, mental nerve injury, screw position, accuracy of reduction, bone healing, tenderness, and edema were assessed up to the sixth week. Significant improvement was observed in all parameters by the end of the sixth week.

Conclusion:
The effectiveness of this treatment approach has been gained through a thorough examination of radiographic examinations, patient-reported metrics, and clinical outcomes.
Assessment of Herbal Medicament in Treatment of Oral Lichen Planus Lesion
Authors: Singh Ravinder , Singh Cheena , Aggarwal Nidhi , Nayak Sushruth , Nayak Prachi , Dahiya Veenu , Saidath K 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
Comparative assessment of effectiveness of topical coconut cream, pomegranate, and Tacrolimus 0.1% in treatment of oral lichen planus (OLP) lesion.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty patients with histologically confirmed symptomatic OLP exhibiting gingival manifestation were included in this investigation. Group A received topical coconut cream, Group B received pomegranate, and Group C received topical tacrolimus 0.1% ointment. The participants were split into these three groups. For six months, the participants were told to use topical medicines twice a day. For the purpose of monitoring any relapse, the patients were summoned back one, three, and six months after the therapy was stopped.

Result:
Both the extent of the lesion and the burning sensation/pain were significantly reduced in all groups of participants.

Conclusion:
The size of the lesion and the burning feeling were significantly reduced when using coconut cream. For the treatment of OLP, tacrolimus, coconut cream, and pomegranates are viable topical pharmaceutical alternatives.
Comparative Long-Term Outcomes of Formocresol, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, and Laser Pulpotomy Techniques in Primary Teeth
Authors: Suprakasam Suprasidh , Kakkachi Parambil Reshma S. , Hari Krishnan , Viswanathan Priya , Abraham Irene , Mathai Ebin T. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Pulpotomy is a common dental procedure used to treat extensively decayed primary teeth, aiming to preserve the vitality and function of the remaining pulp tissue. Various pulpotomy techniques and materials have been developed, but their long-term outcomes in terms of success rates and complications remain a subject of ongoing research.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 180 primary molars from children aged 4–8 years were treated using three different pulpotomy techniques: Formocresol (n = 60), Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) (n = 60), and Laser Pulpotomy (n = 60). Follow-ups were conducted at 6, 12, and 24 months posttreatment to evaluate clinical and radiographic success. Clinical success was defined by the absence of pain, swelling, and mobility, while radiographic success was indicated by the lack of internal resorption, furcation radiolucency, and periapical pathology.

Results:
At the 24-month follow-up, the clinical success rates were 80% for Formocresol, 95% for MTA, and 90% for Laser Pulpotomy. Radiographic success rates were 75% for Formocresol, 92% for MTA, and 88% for Laser Pulpotomy. MTA demonstrated the highest overall success rates, with statistically significant differences compared to Formocresol (P < 0.01) but not Laser Pulpotomy (P > 0.05).

Conclusion
Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) showed superior long-term outcomes compared to Formocresol and comparable results to Laser Pulpotomy for the treatment of primary teeth.
Assessing Cephalometric Changes in Deep Bite Correction: An Analysis of Class II Division 1 Orthodontic Patients Treated with the Reverse Curve of Spee Archwire
Authors: Sinha Abhishek , Jain Sulabh , Kunjappan Shiji M. , Jai Vini Akanksha , Kamble Ranjit , Jadhav Avantika Vijaysingh 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:
This study aimed to analyze cephalometric changes associated with deep bite correction using the Reverse Curve of Spee (RCS) archwire in class II division 1orthodontic patients.

Methods:
A total of 168 orthodontic patients (aged 12-25 years) with diagnosed deep bite malocclusion underwent deep bite correction using RCS archwires between January 2019 and December 2020. Cephalometric radiographs were taken at various time points to assess skeletal and dental changes. RCS archwires were customized based on individual treatment plans, and a structured follow-up schedule was implemented to monitor progress and make necessary adjustments.

Results:
The study analyzed cephalometric changes in the entire cohort, considering age and gender subgroups. Preliminary findings indicate significant improvements in overbite reduction and dental alignment. Subgroup analyze reveal potential age-related variations in treatment response, with younger patients demonstrating slightly more favorable outcomes (Changes in overbite: -2.0 mm, P = 0.05). Gender differences in cephalometric changes are also observed, suggesting the need for gender-specific considerations in deep bite correction (Changes in dental alignment: -1.5 mm in males, -1.2 mm in females, P = 0.03).

Conclusion:
This retrospective analysis provides valuable insights into the cephalometric changes associated with RCS archwire intervention for deep bite correction.
Evaluation of Therapeutic Potential of Yoga Practice in Managing Hypertension Based on Cardiopulmonary Efficiency and Physical Fitness
Authors: Kothari Ruchi , Gomashe Ashay , Bethamcherla Bala C. , Sivakumar Nithila , Ramamoorthy Lakshiya , Murugesan Lakshmi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Noncommunicable diseases have surged because of urbanization and prosperity, with physical inactivity increasing hypertension risk. Hypertension leads to early morbidity and mortality. Yoga, an ancient Indian practice, enhances physical, mental, and spiritual well-being through postures, breathing exercises, and meditation. This study examines yoga’s potential to lower blood pressure by increasing VO2 Max, a critical cardiovascular fitness indicator.

Methods:
This study involved 250 hypertension patients (systolic BP >140 mm Hg or diastolic BP >90 mm Hg) from a rural hospital. Conducted over eight months at a rural medical college’s Sports Physiology Laboratory, the study reassessed participants’ cardiorespiratory fitness after six months of yoga therapy. Data were collected using the Metabolic module of the Exercise Physiology System and Power Lab System with LabChart Pro software.

Results:
VO2 Max for males improved significantly from 23.1 ± 10.02 mL/min/kg to 28.5 ± 9.85 mL/min/kg (P = 0.017), and for females from 21.3 ± 3.21 mL/min/kg to 25.4 ± 4.12 mL/min/kg (P = 0.028). Detail demographic data, blood pressure, VO2 Max, and BMI changes before and after yoga therapy.

Conclusion:
The study highlights yoga’s potential in managing hypertension, showing significant improvements in VO2 Max, blood pressure, and BMI, supporting yoga as an effective therapeutic intervention.
Knowledge and Attitude toward Organ Donation and Transplantation among the Adult Population in Bisha, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alhalafi Abdullah H. , Alkhushayl Abdullah M. , Altayyib Nawaf M. , Nandi Partha A. , Miskeen Elhadi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
This study aims to raise awareness and perceptions regarding organ donation among adults in Bisha, Saudi Arabia.

Methods:
An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2021 to April 2022 using a well-structured questionnaire distributed via media. Sociodemographic data and awareness of organ donation were evaluated.

Results:
Out of 417 respondents, 65.7% had average to good knowledge, and 69.8% had a positive attitude toward organ donation. Mass media was the primary information source (29%). Willingness to donate was motivated by saving lives (71.7%), while fear of health complications deterred others (56.6%).

Conclusions:
Improving knowledge and attitudes is crucial to addressing organ donation shortages.
Profile of Cardiopulmonary Fitness Across Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Confinement in a Cohort of Young Adults
Authors: Kothari Ruchi , Kumaraswamy Rakshith , Gomashe Ashay , Sushmitha S. , Gopani Maitri , Nallathambi Naveenkumar 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), significantly impacts the pulmonary and cardiovascular systems. Cardiopulmonary fitness (CPF), indicated by VO2 max, is essential for youth health. Reduced physical activity during the pandemic may have affected CPF. This study examines the impact of COVID-19 confinement on CPF by comparing pre- and post-COVID-19 values of VO2 max and HRV in young adults.

Methods:
A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Sports Physiology laboratory of a rural medical college. Thirty-five volunteers aged 18–25 years with documented prior COVID-19 infection, symptom-free for over 6 weeks, participated. VO2 max was estimated using a motorized treadmill (Modified Bruce protocol), and HRV was recorded using a Wireless Heart Rate Kit. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0.

Results:
The study included 20 males (53.33%) and 15 females (42.85%), with a mean age of 20.29 ± 1.40 years. VO2 max significantly decreased post COVID-19 (P = 0.0013). HRV indices also showed significant changes, with notable decreases in SDNN and RMSSD.

Conclusion:
The significant decrease in VO2 max and changes in HRV indices emphasize the need for strategies to promote physical activity and monitor autonomic function post pandemic.
Comparative Study of Different Irrigation Protocols in Endodontic Treatment
Authors: Paul Midhun , Ravi Rekha V. , Sundaresan Chintu , Kamath Dinesh G. , Yumnam Gargi , Ibrahim Nada M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Irrigation is ideal in endodontic treatment as it helps in the removal of bacteria, softening of the organic structure, and then evacuation of debris in the root canal.

Materials and Methods:
This in vitro study involved 60 extracted single-rooted human teeth, randomly assigned to three groups (n = 20) based on the irrigation protocol used: The three tested products were Group A, sodium hypochlorite 5. 25%; Group B, Chlorhexidine 2%; and finally, Group C, EDTA 17%. Both groups rated equal in terms of the root canal preparation they were put through. A microbiological technique, debris, and smear layer removal were employed to determine irrigation efficacy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used on the extracted roots. In this study, the analysis of variance and post
hoc tests were used with a predetermined alpha level of (0.05).

Results:
Comparing all the groups, Group A exhibited the best performance with Group B being the second best as seen with the mean log reduction of the bacterial load being 5. With 4.77 (±0. 54), Group A had the highest mean log reduction, while Group B recorded a mean log reduction of 2 (±0. 4). 54 (±0. 36) and Group C had a mean log reduction of 3. 9 (±0. 6). The SEM analysis for Group A was as follows: the cleanliness of samples was found to 85% in contrast to 70% in Group B and 50% in Group C (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Sodium hypochlorite 5. Twenty five percent was found to be the most effective Results showed that 25% is the most effective irrigation protocol in lowering bacterial count as well as in flushing out debris and smear layer from root canal.
Evaluation of Prevalence of Golden Percentage, Recurring Esthetic Dental (RED) and Tarulatha-Ruchi (TR) Proportion in Dental Students
Authors: Dhanak Nupur , Mittal Swati , Dave Riya , Kanodia Saloni , Kanodia Shikha , Asthana Geeta 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
One of the important concepts in aesthetic dentistry is “the principle of gradation,” where each tooth appears proportionally narrower than its mesial neighbor as the eye moves laterally from the midline. Various mathematical and physiological theories determine the widths of maxillary anterior teeth.

Objectives:
The study aims to evaluate the prevalence of the golden percentage, the recurring esthetic dental (RED) proportion, and the newly proposed Tarulatha-Ruchi (TR) proportion among dental students from Gujarat state.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 100 Gujarati students with aesthetically pleasing smiles, ages 18–25 years, were selected. Standard frontal-view photographs were taken with a DSLR camera, displaying maxillary anterior teeth and gingiva in centric occlusion. Adobe Photoshop CS6 was used to measure tooth widths, and the values were analyzed statistically.

Results:
The exact golden percentage was not followed in any subjects. The percentages for the maxillary central incisor, lateral incisor, and canine were 22%, 16%, and 12%, respectively. The RED proportion did not exist, increasing distally from 69% to 78.5%. For the TR proportion, central incisors did not follow the suggested quotient of 0.3; a quotient of 0.4 for the lateral incisor was present in 99% of subjects; a quotient of 0.3 for the canine was present in 25% of subjects; and a suggested quotient of 0.6 for the combined width of the central and lateral incisors was present in none of the subjects.

Conclusion:
The golden percentage and TR proportion can be applied if adjusted. RED did not exist among participants. A proportional constant of 0.4 for the lateral incisor by TR proportion can be used to build a missing or peg-shaped lateral incisor.
Tobacco Use, Body Mass Index, Potentially Malignant Disorder and Attitude towards Passive Smoking in a Primary Health Centre – A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Madhu Priyanka Paul , Quazi Zahiruddin Syed , Wankhede Anand N 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background and Objective:
Primary health center (PHC) settings offer opportunities for tobacco use screening and brief cessation advice. The purpose of this study was to ascertain how thoroughly participants were screened for premalignant lesions associated with smoking and smokeless tobacco use, as well as how closely these lesions correlated with body mass index (BMI).

Methods:
In a PHC, 150 participants aged 18 and above participated in this cross-sectional study. During the study period, tobacco consumption was habitual for 128 males and 22 females at the PHC. The interviewer gathered information to document the subjects’ history of tobacco use, general demographics, and opinions regarding passive smoking through the administration of a questionnaire. Each participant received an oral assessment. The Chi-square statistics were used for data analysis.

Results:
In all of the 150 participants, 20 were smokers, and 32 adopted both smokeless and smoked tobacco. Premalignant disorders with a duration of more than 10 years were more commonly observed in the age range of 36 to 50 years. When the frequency was analyzed, 47% of lesions had consumption between one and five times per day and 71% of robust indications had daily consumption between six and ten times per day.

Conclusion:
According to the findings, there is no conclusive evidence linking a lesion to BMI, and despite their awareness of passive smoking, these individuals continue to smoke in front of their family members and children.
Effectiveness of Two Different Irrigants - SmearClear and Q-Mix in Removal of Smear Layer: A Comparative Scanning Electron Microscope Study
Authors: Sharma Ankit , Mishra Divya , Mungee Akshada , Chakraborty Sabyasachi , Khatore Sumit K. , Mishra Namrata 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:
To evaluate and compare the smear layer removal capabilities of Smear Clear and Q-Mix using scanning electron microscopy.

Materials and Methods:
Forty-two human premolars were standardized to a 10 mm root length, cleaned, and shaped with X2 universal rotary ProTaper. The samples were divided into two groups for final irrigation: Group 1 with 17% Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) (n = 20) and Group 2 with Q-Mix (n = 20). The canals were sectioned and analyzed under an SEM at various root levels. Statistical analysis was performed at a significant level of 0.05.

Result:
QMix performed better at removing the smear layer than Smear Clear.

Conclusion:
QMix, a newly introduced irrigant, effectively removed the smear layer from the apical region of the root canal, which is typically inaccessible to conventional irrigants.
Gastrointestinal bleeding after pancreatoduodenectomy: Report of four cases
Authors: Liu Zi-Jin , Hong Jia-Yi , Zhang Chao , She Jing , Zhai Hui-Hong 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND
Postpancreatectomy hemorrhage is one of the most severe and life-threatening complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy. We present four cases of gastrointestinal bleeding patients to clarify its appropriate treatment and prevention.
CASE SUMMARY
The main symptoms included black stool, hematochezia, haematemesis, blood in the nasogastric tube, and hemorrhagic shock. The mean age was 66.25 years old and the median onset time was 340 d after the surgery. The bleeding location comprised gastrointestinal anastomosis, bile duct-jejunum anastomosis, and extraluminal bleeding. The possible causes included marginal ulcer, jejunal varix, and abdominal infection. Endoscopic hemostatic clips, as well as a covered stent using angiography, were utilized to stop the bleeding and three patients survived. Only one patient died of gastrointestinal bleeding, abdominal bleeding, abdominal infection, hypovolemic shock, and disseminated intravascular coagulation.
CONCLUSION
Early and effective endoscopic intervention is the key to successful hemostasis in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding after pancreatoduodenectomy.