bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of preoperative muscle quality on postoperative severe complications after radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer patients
Authors: Matsui Ryota , Inaki Noriyuki , Tsuji Toshikatsu 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundPreoperative sarcopenia is an important risk factor for postoperative complications in patients with gastric cancer. However, the relationship between muscle quality and postoperative complications in patients with gastric cancer is inadequately studied. Therefore, we investigated the impact of preoperative muscle quality on severe postoperative complications after radical gastrectomy.MethodsA total of 840 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy for p‐stages I–III primary gastric cancer between April 2008 and June 2018 with preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans and body composition analysis were included. We measured intramuscular adipose tissue content (IMAC) as an indicator of muscle quality. A higher IMAC signified a poorer quality. All statistical analyses were performed with EZR, and a P‐value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe low‐IMAC and high‐IMAC groups had 422 (50.2%) and 418 (49.8%) patients, respectively. The latter were older (P < 0.001), had higher body mass index (BMI) (P < 0.001), and higher rates of chronic kidney disease (CKD) (P = 0.002) and diabetes (P < 0.001). They had lower skeletal muscle indexes (SMI) (P = 0.011) and higher visceral fat areas (VFA) (P < 0.001). They also experienced more intraoperative blood loss (P < 0.001) and greater complications (P = 0.016). Multivariate analysis showed that high‐IMAC was an independent risk factor for severe complications (odds ratio: 2.260, 95% confidence interval: 1.220‐4.190, P = 0.010).ConclusionsPoor preoperative muscle quality is an independent risk factor for severe postoperative complications after radical gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer.
A novel homozygous RIPK4 variant in a family with severe Bartsocas‐Papas syndrome
Authors: Dinçer Tuba , Gümüş Evren , Toraman Bayram , Er İdris , Yildiz Gokhan , Yüksel Zafer , Kalay Ersan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBartsocas‐Papas syndrome (BPS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by popliteal pterygia, syndactyly, ankyloblepharon, filiform bands between the jaws, cleft lip and palate, and genital malformations. Most of the BPS cases reported to date are fatal either in the prenatal or neonatal period. Causative genetic defects of BPS were mapped on the RIPK4 gene encoding receptor‐interacting serine/threonine kinase 4, which is critical for epidermal differentiation and development. RIPK4 variants are associated with a wide range of clinical features ranging from milder ectodermal dysplasia to severe BPS. Here, we evaluated a consanguineous Turkish family, who had two pregnancies with severe multiple malformations compatible with BPS phenotype. In order to identify the underlying genetic defect, direct sequencing of the coding region and exon‐intron boundaries of RIPK4 was carried out. A homozygous transversion (c.481G>C) that leads to the substitution of a conserved aspartic acid to histidine (p.Asp161His) in the kinase domain of the protein was detected. Pathogenicity predictions, molecular modeling, and cell‐based functional assays showed that Asp161 residue is required for the kinase activity of the protein, which indicates that the identified variant is responsible for the severe BPS phenotype in the family.
Carbene‐Catalyzed N,N‐Nucleophilic Activation of Thioureas for Access to Pyrimidinthione Derivatives
Authors: Cao Liya , Li Tingting , Chi Yonggui Robin , Jin Zhichao 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAn N‐heterocyclic carbene‐catalyzed [3+3] cycloaddition reaction of acylthioureas with ynals is reported. Both N atoms in the thiourea substrate are activated as nucleophiles and incorporated inside the ring system of the product. Pyrimidinthione derivatives bearing various substituents and substitution patterns are afforded as the products in moderate to good yields.
Segmentierte Flow‐Prozesse zur Überwindung von Limitierungen der Ganzzell‐Biokatalyse in Gegenwart von organischen Lösungsmitteln
Authors: Adebar Niklas , Nastke Alina , Löwe Jana , Gröger Harald 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn der modernen Prozessentwicklung spielt Biokatalyse eine immer gewichtigere Rolle, wobei die Benutzung von Ganzzellkatalysatoren häufig eine bevorzugte Form dieser Biokatalysatoren darstellt. Die Anwendung von Ganzzellkatalysatoren in organischen zweiphasigen Batch‐Synthesen ist jedoch oft durch Einschränkungen im Hinblick auf Stofftransfer, Emulsionsbildung, aufwändiger Aufarbeitung und damit verbundenen geringen Ausbeuten beeinträchtigt. In diesem Beitrag zeigen wir, dass unter Zuhilfenahme von segmentierten Flow‐Prozessen eine effiziente Ganzzellkatalyse in zweiphasigen Medien ermöglicht wird. Die Leistungsfähigkeit solcher segmentierter Flow‐Prozesse ist dabei exemplarisch an drei unterschiedlichen Biotransformationen dargestellt. Zum Beispiel wurde in einem solchen Flow‐Prozess eine 3‐fache Steigerung des Umsatzes von 34 % auf >99 % verbunden mit einer erheblich vereinfachten Aufarbeitung erzielt, die zu einer 1.5‐fachen Steigerung der Ausbeute von 44 % auf 65 % im Vergleich zum analogen Batch‐Prozess führte.
An Aromatic Micelle‐Based Saccharide Cluster with Changeable Fluorescent Color and its Protein Interactions
Authors: Narita Haruna , Catti Lorenzo , Yoshizawa Michito 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTo develop a new type of synthetic saccharide clusters with changeable fluorescent colors, we herein designed a multisaccharide‐coated aromatic micelle. The new cluster forms in water through the quantitative assembly of bent polyaromatic amphiphiles bearing three mannose groups. The spherical assembly, with a 2 nm‐sized polyaromatic core and ca. 18 saccharide pendants, is stable even under high dilution conditions (up to 0.02 mM). The emission intensity and color of the saccharide cluster can be altered from moderate blue (ΦF=19 %) to strong red, orange, and green (ΦF up to 67 %) upon encapsulation of hydrophobic fluorescent dyes in water. Moreover, the present fluorescent clusters, both with and without the dyes, display selective interactions with mannose‐binding proteins in vitro.
Ferroelectric and Spin Crossover Behavior in a Cobalt(II) Compound Induced by Polar‐Ligand‐Substituent Motion
Authors: Akiyoshi Ryohei , Komatsumaru Yuki , Donoshita Masaki , Dekura Shun , Yoshida Yukihiro , Kitagawa Hiroshi , Kitagawa Yasutaka , Lindoy Leonard F. , Hayami Shinya 
Published: March 2021

AbstractFerroelectric spin crossover (SCO) behavior is demonstrated to occur in the cobalt(II) complex, [Co(FPh‐terpy)2](BPh4)2⋅3ac (1⋅3 ac; FPh‐terpy=4′‐((3‐fluorophenyl)ethynyl)‐2,2′:6′,2′′‐terpyridine) and is dependent on the degree of 180° flip–flop motion of the ligand's polar fluorophenyl ring. Single crystal X‐ray structures at several temperatures confirmed the flip–flop motion of fluorobenzene ring and also gave evidence for the SCO behavior with the latter behavior also confirmed by magnetic susceptibility measurements. The molecular motion of the fluorobenzene ring was also revealed using solid‐state 19F NMR spectroscopy. Thus the SCO behavior is accompanied by the flip–flop motion of the fluorobenzene ring, leading to destabilization of the low spin cobalt(II) state; with the magnitude of rotation able to be controlled by an electric field. This first example of spin‐state conversion being dependent on the molecular motion of a ligand‐appended fluorobenzene ring in a SCO cobalt(II) compound provides new insight for the design of a new category of molecule‐based magnetoelectric materials.
Host‐guest nanosized coordination complexes based on Ag‐isonicotinic acid‐H2O and Ni‐4,4′‐bipyridine‐aminobenzic acid‐H2O as potentially active anticancer and antimicrobial agents
Authors: Badr El‐din Ahmed S. , Etaiw Safaa Eldin H. , Marie Hassan , El‐bendary Mohamed M. 
Published: March 2021

Nano‐scaled coordination complexes (CC) exhibiting the structures [Ag (INH)2].OH.H2O (CC1), [Ni(4,4′‐bpy)(H2O)4](4‐aba)2.4H2O (CC2), (INH = isonicotinic acid, 4,4′‐bpy = 4,4′‐bipyridine, 4‐aba = aminobenzoate) were prepared via self‐assembly and sono‐chemical methods at ambient conditions. The structures were fully studied by single‐crystal XRD and analytical investigations. Water molecules and the hydroxyl ions act as guests connecting the discrete molecules in complex 1, whereas in 2 the coordinate water molecules form the 1D chains of [Ni(4,4′‐bpy)(H2O)4] which are H‐bonded to the guest H2O molecules and aminobenzoate anions. The structures of CC 1 and 2 are stabilized into 3D‐supramolecular topology through H bonds and π–π stacking interactions. The nanosized tested compounds 1\ and 2\ are designed to investigate their action on viability and proliferation of five human cancer cell lines. In addition, ABTS assay and rate erythrocyte hemolysis were used to test the antioxidant activity of the nanosized 1\ and 2\. Also, the coordination complexes 1\ and 2\ exhibit good antimicrobial activity keeping them as promising drug candidates for the treatment of bacterial and fungal infections.
Two kinds of polyaniline fiber photo sensor with interdigital electrode and flexible hydrogel
Authors: Zhang Ying , Tao Yulun , Wang Kequan , Zhao Shuai , Zhu Jinbo , Cheng Hao 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn previous studies, polyaniline nanofiber sensor on interdigital electrode is sensitive to light. Herein, we prepared a flexible hydrogel sensor with polyaniline nanofiber as the active material and polyacrylamide hydrogel as the flexible substrate. Comparing the properties of above two different kinds of sensors with polyaniline nanofiber, the photocurrent generated by PANI‐hydrogel sensor under external light stimulation is about 1 ~ 2 orders of magnitude higher than interdigital electrode sensor, indicating the PANI‐hydrogel sensor is more sensitive. The two sensors can all respond to different wavelengths of monochromatic light, especially sensitive to light of smaller wavelengths such as ultraviolet light (380 nm) and blue light (475 nm). Moreover, the volt‐ampere characteristic curve in response to external light stimulation can be clearly distinguished only when the appropriate concentration of proton acid is doped (3 g citric acid, 7 g acetic acid, and 3 ml HCl).
Mechanical and biological performance of rainbow trout collagen‐boron nitride nanocomposite scaffolds for soft tissue engineering
Authors: Najafi Zohreh , Kharaziha Mahshid , Karimzadeh Fathallah , Shapiri Azar 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe aim to investigate the potential of collagen extracted from rainbow trout for tissue engineering applications. In this regard, nanocomposite scaffolds based on the extracted collagen reinforced with various concentrations of boron nitride (BN) nanoparticles (0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 wt%) were developed. In addition, the role of various concentrations of BN nanoparticles and two‐step cross‐linking process on the physical and chemical properties of nanocomposite scaffolds were investigated. Our results demonstrated the isolation of Type I collagen with excellent thermal stability but with some structural and chemical differences compared to other sources. The synergic role of BN nanoparticles and two‐step cross‐linking process resulted in a noticeable improvement in the mechanical properties of collagen‐BN scaffolds. Noticeably, incorporation of 6 wt% BN along with a two‐step cross‐linking process significantly increased the compressive strength (9.5 times) and elastic modulus (four times) of the collagen scaffold. Besides, nanocomposite scaffolds significantly improved proliferation and spreading of MG‐63 cell line, confirming their biocompatibility. The results suggested that the incorporation of BN nanoparticles along with a two‐step cross‐linking process not only could promote the mechanical and thermal performances of collagen scaffolds, but also enhanced high cell viability, and proliferation supporting their potential in tissue engineering applications.
Effects of crosslinking reaction and extension strain on the electrical properties of silicone rubber/carbon nanofiller composites
Authors: Song Pan , Wu Jian , Wang Ge , Zhang Yong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractStretchable conductive silicone rubber (SR) composites are important in wearable electronic devices and the crosslinking of SR composites is necessary for their applications. But the effect of the crosslinking reaction on the electrical conductivity of SR composites is rarely reported. In this article, the effect of crosslinking reaction on the electrical conductivity of SR composites filled with conductive carbon black, carbon nanotubes, and graphene are studied. The crosslink density of SR composites increases with increasing curing time, but the electrical conductivity decreases sharply at the early stage of crosslinking, especially for SR/conductive carbon black composite, which is ascribed to the reaggregation of conductive nanofillers in SR during the crosslinking process. The elastic modulus of the three SR composites gradually increases while the elongation at break decreases with increasing curing time, and the SR/carbon black composite shows ultra‐high elongation at break (1578%). In addition, SR/graphene composite is more sensitive to the extension strain than SR/carbon black and SR/carbon nanotubes composites, and its gauge factor is 414 at the strain ranges of 3–25%. This research work brings a new method to optimize the crosslinking structure of conductive SR composites.
Reversible Redox System of 2‐Oxypyritriphyrin(1.2.1) Accompanying Interconversion between 3‐Pyridone and 3‐Hydroxypyridine Units
Authors: Chong Su‐Gi , Yoneda Tomoki , Ide Yuki , Neya Saburo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTo develop a system in which a π‐conjugation circuit switched by a redox reaction between 3‐pyridone and 3‐hydroxypyridine, a ring‐contracted analog of oxypyriporphyrin, 2‐oxypyritriphyrin(1.2.1) was synthesized for the first time. 2‐Oxypyritriphyrin(1.2.1) contains a 14π aromatic conjugation circuit with the keto‐form of the 3‐oxypyridine ring. When 2‐oxypyritriphyrin was treated with NaBH4, not only the 3‐oxypyridine group, but also the meso‐carbons were also reduced to give a colorless porphyrinogen analog. The reduced compound could be oxidized again to provide 2‐oxypyritripyhrin in a reversible manner.
Comparing diagnosed observation uncertainties with independent estimates: A case study using aircraft‐based observations and a convection‐permitting data assimilation system
Authors: Mirza Andrew K. , Dance Sarah L. , Rooney Gabriel G. , Simonin David , Stone Edmund K. , Waller Joanne A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAircraft can report in situ observations of the ambient temperature by using aircraft meteorological data relay (AMDAR) or these can be derived using mode‐select enhanced tracking data (Mode‐S EHS). These observations may be assimilated into numerical weather prediction models to improve the initial conditions for forecasts. The assimilation process weights the observation according to the expected uncertainty in its measurement and representation. The goal of this paper is to compare observation uncertainties diagnosed from data assimilation statistics with independent estimates. To quantify these independent estimates, we use metrological comparisons, made with in‐situ research‐grade instruments, as well as previous studies using collocation methods between aircraft (mostly AMDAR reports) and other observing systems such as radiosondes. In this study we diagnose a new estimate of the vertical structure of the uncertainty variances using observation‐minus‐background and observation‐minus‐analysis statistics from a Met Office limited area three‐dimensional variational data assimilation system (3 km horizontal grid‐length, 3‐hourly cycle). This approach for uncertainty estimation is simple to compute but has several limitations. Nevertheless, the resulting diagnosed variances have a vertical structure that is like that provided by the independent estimates of uncertainty. This provides confidence in the uncertainty estimation method, and in the diagnosed uncertainty estimates themselves. In the future our methodology, along with other results, could provide ways to estimate the uncertainty for the assimilation of aircraft‐based temperature observations.
Pb2+ sensing by coumarin sulphonamide hybrids in aqueous medium
Authors: Sharma Nidhi , Gulati Ashu 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMetals play an important role in various metabolic activities in the human body, but above desired concentrations, a role reversal occurs that causes deadly outcomes viz., cancer. Metals cannot be cracked down and are non‐biodegradable. It is the bioaccumulation of toxic metals inside the biomatrices, that further intensifies the research on different means of metal detoxification from different matrices. Among heavy toxic metals lead is a brutal carcinogen that requires pitiless sensors for its capturing. The use of heterocycles for metal sensing in supramolecular chemistry is preferred due to the strong chelation they offer to toxic metals. The C1–C3 probes were synthesized and studied for their Pb2+ binding ability. All the probes were prepared by treating bromoacetyl coumarin with camphor sulphonamide, 5‐dimethylamino‐1‐naphthalene sulphonamide, and methyl‐2‐amino‐sulphonyl benzoate at room temperature. The probes show selective binding with Pb2+ ions in aqueous acetonitrile among different tested metal ions viz., Cu2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Mn2+, and Pb2+ ions as shown in ultraviolet (UV)‐visible, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) studies. These sulphur‐containing probes bind very well with Pb2+ ions by offering selectivity in binding positions that capture lead ions at their minimum possible concentration.
The closure issue related to liquid–cell mass transfer and substrate uptake dynamics in biological systems
Authors: Morchain Jérôme , Quedeville Vincent , Fox Rodney O. , Villedieu Philippe 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAn original dynamic model for substrate uptake under transient conditions is established and used to simulate a variety of biological responses to external perturbations. The actual uptake and growth rates, treated as cell properties, are part of the model variables as well as the substrate concentration at the cell–liquid interface. Several regulatory loops inspired by the structure of the glycolytic chain are considered to establish a set of ordinary differential equations. The uptake rate evolves so as to reach an equilibrium between the cell demand and the environmental supply. This model does not contain any of the usual algebraic closure laws relating to the instantaneous uptake, growth rates, and the substrate concentration, nor does it enforce the continuity of mass fluxes at the liquid–cell interface. However, these relationships are found in the steady‐state solution. Previously unexplained experimental observations are well reproduced by this model. Also, the model structure is suitable for further coupling with flux‐based metabolic models and fluid‐flow equations.
Identification of the metabolites of n‐butylidenephthalide in rat and human liver microsomes by liquid chromatography–high‐resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: Lin Hairong , Zhang Xiulan , Zhang Xiuqin , Xia Shixin 
Published: March 2021

Abstractn‐Butylidenephthalide (NBDP) is one of the bioactive constituents originally isolated from Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. The aim of this study was to study the metabolic profiles of NBDP in rat and human liver microsomes. NBDP was individually incubated with liver microsomes of rat and human at 37°C for 1 h and the samples incubated were analyzed by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography combined with high‐resolution mass spectrometry. The identities of the metabolites were identified by accurate masses, product ions and retention times. Under the current conditions, a total of 14 metabolites were detected and identified. M12, M13 and M14 were biosynthesized and unambiguously characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. All the metabolites can be detected in rat liver microsomes, whereas in human liver microsomes, M1, M3, M4, M5, M6 and M7 were not detected. Our results demonstrated that the metabolic pathways of NBDP included hydroxylation, hydration, hydrolysis and glutathione conjugation. This study provides an overview of the metabolic profiles of NBDP in vitro, which is helpful to understand the action of this compound.
Continuation rate for asenapine and brexpiprazole treatment in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Inoue Yuichi , Suzuki Hidenobu , Hibino Hiroyuki , Takaya Atsuhiko , Mikami Katsunaka , Yamamoto Kenji , Matsumoto Hideo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe current study sought to compare the treatment continuation rates of asenapine and brexpiprazole while specifically investigating the factors influencing this index and the clinical efficacy of brexpiprazole.MethodsRetrospective study on patients with schizophrenia who were prescribed either asenapine (n = 73) or brexpiprazole (n = 136), as part of their routine medical care.ResultsThe treatment continuation rates for asenapine and brexpiprazole were 19.0% and 38.6% at 52 weeks, with that of brexpiprazole found to be significantly higher than that of asenapine (p = .002). Moreover, age was found to be a significant factor affecting the treatment continuation rate for brexpiprazole (p = .03). Additionally, patients with a longer continuation duration had significantly lower Clinical Global Impression‐Severity of Illness (CGI‐S) scale scores compared to those who discontinued early (p = .04). The continuation rate was also significantly higher for those who began using the drug as outpatients compared to those first administered the drug as inpatients (p = .04). Furthermore, disease duration, CGI‐S scale, and continuation duration significantly affected the clinical efficacy of brexipiprazole (p < .05 for all).ConclusionsThe continuation rate for brexpiprazole increases as the age of the patient increases, as disease severity decreases, and if the patient first uses the drug as an outpatient. Shorter disease duration and longer drug administration may lead to improved clinical efficacy. These results suggest that brexpiprazole is an effective treatment option for maintenance therapy of schizophrenia.