bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between thyroid ultrasonography and cytopathology
Authors: ARSLAN Aynur , KARASU Rabia , KESKİN Semiha , GÜNGÖR Mehmet Nail 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is performed under ultrasound guidance to make a diagnosis. According to EU-TIRADS (European Thyroid Imaging and Reporting Data System) category, the morphologic characteristics of the nodule is described. Histopathological results are classified according to the Bethesda system. In this single centre, retrospective study, to investigate which EU-TIRADS groups had no malignancy as a result of FNAB was aimed.
Methods: Ultrasonography findings and pathology reports of the patients whom FNAB was performed at the State Hospital between January 2016 and December 2018 were reviewed. 251 patients (201 female, 50 male) who were over 18 years of age (mean age 52.62 ± 12.29) were included.
Ultrasonographic findings were classified according to EU-TIRADS. Distribution of EU-TİRADS categories by Bethesda Classification was shown. Frequency tables, descriptive statistics, Kruskal-Wallis H test, and cross-tabulation were used. The analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0.
Ethics Committee approval and written informed consent were obtained.
Results: Of the 7 cases in Bethesda group V, which were ‘Suspicious for papillary carcinoma’, 42.9% were in ‘High-Risk Category’in EU-TIRADS and 57.1% were in ‘Intermediate-Risk Category’.
No benign cases in EU-TIRADS were in Bethesda IV, V and VI groups.
Conclusions: None of the benign cases in EU-TIRADS were found to be in the Bethesda IV-V-VI groups. By carrying out studies with larger number of cases, it can be investigated whether it will be considered safe to follow-up the cases in benign EU-TIRADS group without applying FNAB.
The evaluation of the relationship between antibody response and COVID-19 disease severity
Authors: GULLU Yusuf Taha , TUNA Tibel , GÜLLÜ KOCA Tuba 
Published: March 2021

Background: World Health Organization (WHO) reported COVID-19 as a pandemic, on March 11th, 2020. The quick and accurate diagnosis is crucial to provide the appropriate treatment and isolation process. Immunity against COVID-19 is essential for disease control. There is scant information about antibody response and disease severity. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between clinical severity and COVID antibody response.
Methods: Hospitalized PCR (n=10) and/or radiologically (n=31) proven 35 COVID-19 patients were included in the study. The blood samples were collected at least eight days after the onset of symptoms and studied by using the COVID-19 IgG/IgM Rapid Test. Patients were divided as mild (n= 14), severe (n=12) and critical (n=9) according to COVID-19 disease severity. The results were compared among the groups.
Results: A total of 35 COVID-19 patients’ (mean age: 54.65±16.51 years, Male/Female: 23/12) rapid test results were compared according to clinical severity. A significant correlation was observed between disease severity and IgG results in both PCR positive (p=0.007) and whole patients (p=0.026). The positive IgG ratio was significantly low in the mild patient group while it was higher in severe and critical patients.
Conclusions: Our study reveals that the greater antibody response occurs with the more serious COVID-19 disease. The application of the rapid test, in addition to PCR, may be used as a clue to foresee the clinical progression. These tests not only have an important role in diagnosis with PCR tests but also are associated with disease severity.
ComplexTrans – global land transportation system The best way ahead for railways and roads is coherent cooperation, not the competition
Authors: Hofman Jiri , Cermak Roman 
Published: March 2021

The land-transportation cannot meet its demands anymore. Jammed highways and cities, dangerous emissions, omnipresent traffic accidents, delays, expensive railways.
Solutions are being sought to transfer a large part of passenger- and especially freight-traffic to (high-speed) rail and the efforts are shifting towards electromobility, car-sharing, 5G-connectivity, autonomous ride, MaaS-transport-coordination or Hyperloop-type solutions.
However, all these solutions have further problems and limitations.
Solutions are not sought where they really exist - in the mutual adaptation of the road and rail vehicles and their deep cooperation.
The ComplexTrans-project shows that simply adapting dimensions and functions of the road and rail vehicles can eliminate (or at least substantially reduce) all the problems of existing land transport. The main features of the ComplexTrans system are sufficient parking spaces, reduced traffic density inside and outside of the cities, electric-vehicles with unlimited range and cheaper than the standard cars, cheaper and affordable recharging of batteries, autonomous ride, self-financing rail-transport, transfer of intercity freight to rail, replacement of part of the continental air-transport and many others.
INFLUENCE OF ANDROID-BASED ROLE PLAYING LEARNING MODEL TOWARD STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION IN SPEAKING SKILL
Authors: Ayu Zailin , Nuraida Ida 
Published: March 2021

This study aims to analyze the influence of Android-based role playing learning models towards students' motivation in speaking skills. This study used a quasi-experimental method with the Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The sample of this study consisted of two classes. The research instrument used tests and questionnaires. Based on the results of the average value of the experimental class pretest class is 59.25 and posttest is 72.95 has increased by 13.70 while the average value of the pre-test control class is 68.3 and post-test is
58.75 experienced a decrease of 9.55. The average questionnaire result data was 89.5 and it was concluded that there were differences in student motivation before and after learning with Android-based role playing models. Learning using Android-based has an influence on learning motivation of students in class X TKJ by 53% with the results of t-table > t-count (5.35 > 2.06), then the hypothesis is accepted. At the end of this study, it is hoped that learning based on Android can be used as an alternative in learning speaking skills
INFORMING AND PERSONAL SAFETY: THEORETICAL AND LEGAL ASPECT
Authors: Ирошников Д.В. 
Published: March 2021

Аннотация. В статье исследуются вопросы информирования населения в контексте обеспечения безопасности личности. Рассматривается теоретико-правовая сторона вопроса, включая понятийно-категориальный аппарат, виды и принципы информирования, а также правовые основы такого информирования в России. Автор приходит к выводу о необходимости рассматривать информирование об угрозах безопасности личности с точки зрения системного подхода как целостный правовой институт.
Annotation. The article examines the issues of informing the population in the context of personal security. The theoretical and legal side of the issue is considered, including the conceptual and categorical apparatus, types and principles of information, as well as the legal basis for such information in Russia. The author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to consider information about threats to personal security from the point of view of a systematic approach as an integral legal institution.
Persuasive Gaming in Context
Authors: La Hera Teresa , Jansz Jeroen , Raessens Joost , Schouten Ben 
Published: March 2021

The rapid developments in new communication technologies have facilitated the popularization of digital games, which has translated into an exponential growth of the game industry in recent decades. The ubiquitous presence of digital games has resulted in an expansion of the applications of these games from mere entertainment purposes to a great variety of serious purposes. In this edited volume, we narrow the scope of attention by focusing on what game theorist Ian Bogost has called 'persuasive games', that is, gaming practices that combine the dissemination of information with attempts to engage players in particular attitudes and behaviors.
This volume offers a multifaceted reflection on persuasive gaming, that is, on the process of these particular games being played by players. The purpose is to better understand when and how digital games can be used for persuasion by further exploring persuasive games and some other kinds of persuasive playful interaction as well. The book critically integrates what has been accomplished in separate research traditions to offer a multidisciplinary approach to understanding persuasive gaming that is closely linked to developments in the industry by including the exploration of relevant case studies.
El compromís per a la renovació pedagògica
Authors: Esteve Ràfols M. del Mar 
Published: March 2021

L’article planteja una reflexió crítica sobre el concepte i la pràctica de la innovació educativa. En primer lloc, s’analitzen els termes innovació i renovació i s’intenta explicar què signifiquen per aprofundir en el sentit i l’abast dels canvis en educació. En segon lloc, es proposen un conjunt d’actituds –a manera de marc– que haurien de ser presents en el discerniment entre la renovació i la innovació educativa. Per això, el text no entra en la qüestió de què cal transformar a l’escola i en l’educació i com cal fer-ho –tot i que aposta clarament per aquesta desitjada i necessària transformació–, sinó que aborda qüestions prèvies d’orientació i de finalitat del canvi.
RubricApp: adaptación y Validación de una rúbrica para la Evaluación de Valor Pedagógico de las aplicaciones educativas móviles
Authors: Pinilla Morales Paola Andrea , Badilla Quintana María Graciela 
Published: March 2021

En la actualidad, la educación remota ha sido una gran oportunidad para garantizar la continuidad de los aprendizajes de los estudiantes y las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC) se sitúan como la mejor opción para asegurarlos. Desde esta perspectiva, el aprendizaje móvil y las aplicaciones educativas han facilitado la tarea de muchos profesores que preparan clases a distancia. El desafío radica en la selección de recursos que cuenten con valor pedagógico y promuevan el aprendizaje esperado. Este artículo se propone como objetivos: a) reportar la adaptación y validación de una rúbrica que permita apreciar el valor educativo de las aplicaciones móviles, la cual logra un alfa de Cronbach, α = .783; b) informar los resultados del estudio piloto, los cuales permiten contar con un instrumento denominado RubricApp, que se estructura en 10 indicadores y 3 dimensiones: valor pedagógico, diseño, y participación y motivación.
PRE - AND POST HATCH GROWTH OF NIGERIAN INDIGENOUS GUINEA FOWL AS INFLUENCED BY EGG SIZE AND HATCH WEIGHT.
Authors: Ayorinde K. L. , Atteh J. O. , Joseph K. 
Published: March 2021

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of egg size on embryonic growth during incubation and of egg size and hatch weight on growth to 12 weeks of age in the Nigerian indigenous Guinea fowl. Weight loss in eggs incubated was about 5.42% while weight gain was 1.02g with the fastest increase in the last trimester of incubation. At hatching, the keets were 72.42% of the weight of the eggs. Egg weight was positively significantly (P<0.05) correlated with embryonic weight and is reliable for estimating the small, medium and large size. Egg weight was embryonic weight. Body weight up to 12 weeks of age differed when eggs were classified into significantly (P<0.05) and positively correlated to body weight up to 4 weeks of age and egg weight was found to be reliable for estimating body weight up to 4 weeks only. Hatch weight was also significantly (P<0.05) and positively correlated with subsequent body weight to 8 weeks of age.
ECONOMICS OF TRADITIONAL CATTLE PRODUCTION IN THE NORTHERN GUINEA SAVANNA OF NIGERIA
Authors: Ndubuisi A. H. , Otchere E. O. , Ogungbile A. O. 
Published: March 2021

A survey to determine the economics of traditional cattle production among agropastoralists was carried out in Giwa Local Government Area of Kaduna State. The survey covered 75 agropastoral households grouped into three categories viz: CI, CII and CIII for livestock activities and two groups GP1 and GP2 for cropping activities. The analytical framework used in the study include simple gross margin and multiple regression analysesResults of the study indicated that 66.67% of the respondents have lived in the study area for up to five years. Total variable cost (TVC) varied with the size of herd. TVC averaged N958.72/LU for CI, N818.48/LU for CII and N561.29/LU for CIII. The agropastoralits were making some profit in both livestock and cropping actiVities. Gross margin/LU averaged N967.28/LU N1,118.93/LU and N1,344.93/LU for farmers in CI, CII and CIII, respectively. The gross margins in cropping activities were N372.24/ha for GP1 and N480.18/ha for GP2. Inputs identified in cattle production were relevant in explaining variations in output. There was a decreasing return to scale in cattle production. There was also an inverse relationship between unit cost of production and size of herd. The above results indicated that a substantial increase in the income of the farmers was possible. This could be achieved through integrated crop/livestock productionproper herd management and adequate provision of supplementary feed for dry season cattle production.
SEMEN CHARACTERISTICS OF RHODE ISLAND RED AND WHITE BREEDER COCKS
Authors: NWAGU B. I. , REKWOT P. I. , ABUBAKAR B. Y. , ONI O. O. , ADEYINKA A. , EGBUEDO U. C. 
Published: March 2021

One hundred and three adult cocks of two different strains (Rhode Island White, 59 semen quality with concomitant effect on and Rhode Island Red, 44) were subjected to weekly semen collection for four weeks. The Rhode Island White cocks had gross sperm motility of 80.76± 1.45% while the value for the significant effects of low relative humidity, high Red cocks is 79.43+1.68% but the difference was temperatures, low rainfall and peak amount of insignificant. The Rhode Island White cocks had a higher (P<0.001) sperm concentration (1.93 0.10x10'/ml) than the Red cocks (1.27±0.12x10 /ml) while semen volume (0.58±0.04ml) and colour (1.96±0.14) for the Rhode Island White cocks were lower and (P<0.001) than the corresponding values of 0.80+0.05ml and 2.820.16 for Rhode Island Red cocks. Colour was found to be positively correlated (r= 0.89) with concentration and rate of genetic progress. Breeding soundness total sperm (r=0.61). The correlation between sperm concentration and volume, and evaluation of the breeding cocks is concentration and total sperm, were 0.72 and of 0.67 respectively.
ON-FARM ESTABLISHMENT AND PRODUCTIVITY OF GMELINA AND GLIRICIDIA AS BROWSE FOR GOATS
Authors: ADU I. F. , AINA A. B. J. , OKELEYE K. A. 
Published: March 2021

The on-farm establishment and productivity of Gmelina arborea and Gliricidia sepium were studied with seven farmers in two Local when planted as feed gardens. These studies Government Areas of Ogun State. Gmelina seedlings and Gliricidia stakes were planted in Gliricidia) plots located at distances of 15 to 50m to the farmer's homestead and protected from straying animals with local fencing materials like bamboo and palm branches. Core soil samples were taken randomly within each plot chemical analysis. The growth and yield of browse plants were determined at 3 and 12 months after planting. The palatability and the use of the browse as supplement to cassava peel were also determined. The organic matter soil was fairly high with organic carbon of 1.1 to 13%. Leaves of Gmelina and Gliricidia had high contents of nitrogen with crude protein values of 16 to 26%. The leaves were also high in mineral content. The dry matter yield of the primary growth ranged from browse for goat feeding. 3 to 5 t-ha while leaf dry matter yield ranged from 0.4 to 1.4 t-ha. Goats relished Gmeling more than Gliricidia with daily dry matter intakes of 638 and 453g respectively when offered as sole feed. It is concluded that Gmelina and Gliricidia produce good quality protein feed for village goats when they are managed as shrubs in a feed garden.
THE EFFECTS OF ENSILAGE ON THE NUTRITIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF POULTRY WASTE - CARBOHYDRATE MIXTURE AS LIVESTOCK FEED
Authors: IBEAWUCHI J. A. , ECHUMBA J. O. 
Published: March 2021

In a laboratory study, the results of ensiling caged layer poultry waste with carbohydrate source to enhance its usefulness as feed ingredient for livestock were reported. Poultry waste (20%) mixed with cassava or sorghum flour was ensiled in test-tube silos and sampled at intervals during a 14-day storage period. In both mixtures, the dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and pH values were significantly. in Nigeria, poultry waste was affected (P<0.05) with time after ensiling. The DM values were higher (P<0.05) on day 10 than on day 0,5 or 14. The poultry waste-sorghum mixture increased in CP level (P<0.05) from 8.0% on day O to 9.1% on day 14 while in the cassava mixture CP increased from 7.0% on day 7.6% on day 10. There was a drop in pH from 6.4 to 4.6 in both mixtures at the end of the storage period. The results showed that ensiling cassava or sorghum flour with poultry waste enriched the nitrogen content of the mixture thereby enhancing its usefulness as livestock feed.
INCIDENCE OF ECTOPARASITES OF DOMESTIC FOWL IN AN ARID ZONE OF NIGERIA
Authors: ZARIA L. T. , SINHA P. K. , NATITI L. S. , NAWATHE D. R. 
Published: March 2021

A total of 763 domestic fowls in Maiduguri a domestic fowl towns in the Arid Zone of Nigeria were examined for the presence in them of ectoparasites. The study revealed that 92.20% of the birds were of Nigeria. infested with ectoparasites. Major types of ectoparasites found were lice, ticks and mites and their incidence was high in this area. A total of seven hundred and sixty three Management systems however influenced the incidence of the parasites and they were more flocks were prominent in July and least in January.
EFFECT OF FLUOROGESTERONE ACETATE IMPREGNATED INTRAVAGINAL SPONGES ON VAGINAL BACTERIAL FLORA OF EWES.
Authors: AMIN J. D. 
Published: March 2021

The bacterial flora of the vagina of ten ewes was determined at sponge removal and two days later before insertion of fluorogesterone acetate intravaginal sponge. Using E. coli as a marker to species, there was a significant increase (P<0.05) in bacterial population when samples taken before sponge insertion and at removal were compared, but there was a significant (P<0.01) decrease in bacterial population when samples taken at sponge removal were season in Hertfordshire, England were compared to samples taken two days later. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) when bacterial population before the sponge insertion was compared with the bacterial population two days after sponge removal. It is concluded that following use of fluorogesterone acetate intravaginal pessaries (and injection of PMSG at sponge removal), there is increased bacterial growth in the vagina which is largely the eliminated two days after sponge removal.
EVALUTION OF POULTRY VISCERAL OFFAL AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR FISH MEAL IN GROWER PULLETS’ DIETS
Authors: Salami R. I. , Oyewole S. O. O. 
Published: March 2021

The effect of replacing fish meal (FM) with graded level of poultry visceral offal meal (PVOM) in five growers pullets’ diets were investigated in a 4 - weeks study using 200 Isa brown pullets from 14 to 18 weeks of age. There were four replicate per test diet, with 10 birds per replicate. Diet A (control) contained 4% FM as the sole source of dietary animal protein. PVOM was included in diets B,C,D and E at the levels of 1.81,2.37,3.55 and 4.73% of the diets to supply 25, 50, 75 and 100% of animal protein supplied by 4% FM in the control diet A respectively. All the test diets were isocaloric (11.8MJ ME/kg) and isonitrogenous (16% CP). There was no significant effect (p>0.05) of replacing dietary FM with PVOM (on an equal protein basis) on the performance parameters measured. Birds fed on diets A,B,C,D and E had similar (p>0.05) mean daily weight gains of 14.16, 13.66, 14.65, 13.35 and 13.84g/b d respectively. The mean daily feed consumption values were 73.61, 73.27,73.88, 72.10 and 71.76g/b d for the birds on diets A,B,C,D and E respectively while similar mean feed conversion ratios of 5.21, 5.45,5.04, 5.42 and 5.21were also recorded for the birds on diet A,B,C,D and E respectively. It is concluded that PVOM could replace FM completely on an equal protein basics in grower pullets diets. Cost of feed per unit of weight gain was lower on the PVOM-based diet than on the FM-based diet.
Decoupling of urban CO2 and air pollutant emission reductions during the European SARS-CoV-2 lockdown
Authors: Lamprecht Christian , Graus Martin , Striednig Marcus , Stichaner Michael , Karl Thomas 
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Lockdown and the associated massive reduction in people's mobility imposed by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) mitigation measures across the globe provide a unique sensitivity experiment to investigate impacts on carbon and air pollution emissions. We present an integrated observational analysis based on long-term in situ multispecies eddy flux measurements, allowing for quantifying near-real-time changes of urban surface emissions for key air quality and climate tracers. During the first European SARS-CoV-2 wave we find that the emission reduction of classic air pollutants decoupled from CO2 and was significantly larger. These differences can only be rationalized by the different nature of urban combustion sources and point towards a systematic bias of extrapolated urban NOx emissions in state-of-the-art emission models. The analysis suggests that European policies, shifting residential, public, and commercial energy demand towards cleaner combustion, have helped to improve air quality more than expected and that the urban NOx flux remains to be dominated (e.g., >90 %) by traffic.
Hyperspectral-reflectance dataset of dry, wet and submerged marine litter
Authors: Knaeps Els , Sterckx Sindy , Strackx Gert , Mijnendonckx Johan , Moshtaghi Mehrdad , Garaba Shungudzemwoyo P. , Meire Dieter 
Published: March 2021

Abstract. This paper describes a dataset consisting of 47 hyperspectral-reflectance measurements of plastic litter samples. The plastic litter samples include
virgin and real samples from the Port of Antwerp. They were measured in dry conditions in the Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO) calibration facility, and a selection of the
samples were also measured in wet conditions and submerged in a water tank at Flanders Hydraulics. The construction on top of the tank allowed us to submerge the plastics and keep sediments in suspension. The spectral measurements were performed using an Analytical Spectral Devices (ASD)
FieldSpec 4 and a Spectral Evolution (SEV) spectrometer. The datasets are available on the 4TU.ResearchData open-access repository (ASD dataset:
https://doi.org/10.4121/12896312.v2, Knaeps et al., 2020; SEV dataset: https://doi.org/10.4121/uuid:9ee3be54-9132-415a-aaf2-c7fbf32d2199; Garaba et al., 2020).