bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic and its impact on socioeconomic inequality in psychological distress in the UK
Authors: Davillas Apostolos , Jones Andrew M 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe use data from the UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS) to compare measures of socioeconomic inequality in psychological distress, measured by the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), before (Waves 9 and the Interim 2019 Wave) and during the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic (April to July 2020). Based on a caseness measure, the prevalence of psychological distress increased from 18.5% to 27.7% between the 2019 Wave and April 2020 with some reversion to earlier levels in subsequent months. Also, there was a systematic increase in total inequality in the Likert GHQ‐12 score. However, measures of relative socioeconomic inequality have not increased. A Shapley‐Shorrocks decomposition analysis shows that during the peak of the first wave of the pandemic (April 2020) other socioeconomic factors declined in their share of socioeconomic inequality, while age and gender account for a larger share. The most notable increase is evident for younger women. The contribution of working in an industry related to the COVID‐19 response played a small role at Wave 9 and the Interim 2019 Wave, but more than tripled its share in April 2020. As the first wave of COVID‐19 progressed, the contribution of demographics declined from their peak level in April and chronic health conditions, housing conditions, and neighbourhood characteristics increased their contributions to socioeconomic inequality.
The Transcriptional Coactivator, ALL1‐Fused Gene From Chromosome 9, Simultaneously Sustains Hypoxia Tolerance and Metabolic Advantages in Liver Cancer
Authors: Yu Hua , He Jun , Liu Wei , Feng Shuya , Gao Li , Xu Yingying , Zhang Yawei , Hou Xuyang , Zhou Yan , Yang Leping , Wang Xiongjun 
Published: April 2021

Background and Aims
Proteins that recognize epigenetic modifications function as mediators to interpret epigenetic codes. Hypoxia response and metabolic rewiring are two major events during cancer progression. However, whether and how the epigenetic regulator integrates hypoxia response and metabolism together remain open for study.

Approach and Results
We data mined the clinical association of 33 histone lysine acetylation reader proteins with liver cancer and found that ALL1‐fused gene from chromosome 9 (AF9) is up‐regulated in cancer and correlates with tumor stage and poor prognosis. Conditional deletion of Af9 in mouse liver resulted in decreased tumor formation induced by c‐MET proto‐oncogene/β‐catenin. Loss of AF9 heavily impaired cell proliferation and completely blocked solid tumor formation. We further discovered that AF9 formed a positive feedback circuit with hypoxia‐inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1α) and also stabilized MYC proto‐oncogene (cMyc). Mechanically, AF9 interacted with HIF1α and targeted HIF1A promoter whereas AF9 recognized cMyc acetylation at K148, protected cMyc phosphorylation at S62, and then stabilized cMyc, which, in turn, up‐regulates phosphofructokinase, platelet expression. Otherwise, knockout of Af9 in mouse hepatocytes increased the infiltration of CD8+ T cells, which is linked to the down‐regulation of lactate dehydrogenase A.

Conclusions
AF9 is up‐regulated to promote gene expression of hypoxia tolerance and glycolysis by simultaneously forming a complex with HIF1α and recognizing acetylated cMyc. Our results establish the oncogenic role of AF9 in human liver cancer, which could be a potential target for designing drugs against liver cancer.
Induction of labor using Foley catheter with weight attached versus without weight attached: A randomized control trial
Authors: Cherian Anne George , Marcus Tobey Ann , Sebastian Tunny , Rathore Swathi , Mathews Jiji Elizabeth 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the effectiveness in preventing cesarean section for failed induction by using Foley catheter for cervical ripening in comparison to Foley catheter with a weight attached to it.MethodsA randomized control trial conducted between November 2018 and July 2020, which looked at induction of labor with 30‐ml Foley catheter in one arm and the Foley placed with a 500 ml weight attached to it in the other arm. Primary outcome was the cesarean section rate.ResultsWe randomized 399 women. Modes of delivery were similar in both groups. Numbers undergoing cesarean section for failed induction were higher in the group that underwent induction with Foley with weight but this was not statistically significant (45.7% vs 26.5%, P = 0.1). There was a shorter time to expulsion of the Foley with weight attached (mean ± standard deviation: 2.6 ± 3.3 h vs 10.9 ± 3.2 h, P < 0.001) but this did not translate into a difference in time to active labor or time to delivery.ConclusionPlacing a weight at the end of the Foley catheter for induction of labor does not affect the time to delivery or the rate of cesarean deliveries, although there is faster expulsion of the Foley.Clinical trial registration no.: CTRI/2018/10/016154.
Green sonosynthesis of pyridopyrimidines using heterogeneous Pd‐containing catalysts anchored on a hybrid organic–inorganic surface of SBA‐15
Authors: Bakhtiari Atefeh , Safaei‐Ghomi Javad , Teymuri Raheleh 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA novel functionalized Santa barbara amorphous (SBA)‐15 mesoporous silica has been prepared as a catalyst and characterized using X‐ray diffraction spectroscopy, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, field‐emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, temperature programmed desorption, N2 adsorption analysis, and differential thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The yield of the catalyst has been investigated by synthesizing a wide range of polyfunctionalized pyridopyrimidines. This method provides several advantages including excellent yields in short times, the reusability of the catalyst, low catalyst loading, and mild reaction conditions.
Heterogeneous additive‐free highly selective synthesis of 2,5‐bis(hydroxymethyl)furan over catalysts with ultra‐low Pt content
Authors: Vikanova Kseniia V , Chernova Marina S , Redina Elena A , Kapustin Gennady I , Tkachenko Olga P , Kustov Leonid M 
Published: April 2021

AbstractUltra‐low‐loaded supported Pt catalysts showed an extremely high activity in selective hydrogenation of bioavailable 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (5‐HMF) to the corresponding diol, i.e. 2,5‐bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (BHMF); among the synthesized catalysts with a Pt content varying in the range 0.025–0.25 wt%, the most active one appeared to be the sample 0.1% Pt/CeO2–ZrO2, which allows us to obtain BHMF with a 97% yield and 100% selectivity from 5‐HMF without the use of alkali or any other additives at a temperature of 170 °C and H2 pressure of 1 MPa, with the 5‐HMF:Pt ratio higher than 1000 mol mol–1. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Is food insecurity a barrier to dental student success?
Authors: Marshall Teresa A. , Zheng Rong , Anderson Cari L. , Handoo Nidhi , Qian Fang 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPurposeThe prevalence of food insecurity among undergraduate students is higher than the national average and associated with adverse academic outcomes. Our objective was to describe the prevalence of food insecurity, food access behaviors, and associations between food security status and well‐being in a dental student population.MethodsAll dental students (N = 328) enrolled in the College of Dentistry at the University of Iowa in the fall 2019 semester were invited to participate. The survey was designed to query demographic variables, food security status (i.e., the United States Department of Agriculture's 10‐item Adult Food Security Module), and food‐ or hunger‐related well‐being (i.e., sleep, academic performance, and stress). The survey was administered using the Qualtrics survey platform. Following the initial invitation, students were sent two reminders and allowed 3 weeks for completion.ResultsThe survey response rate was 24.7%. Forty‐seven percent of respondents were food insecure. Food insecure students were more likely to attend collegiate programming (e.g., lunch and learns) for the primary purpose of obtaining free food than their food secure peers (p <0.001). In addition, food insecure students were more likely to report experiencing food‐ or hunger‐related sleep (p = 0.001), study or academic performance (p <0.001), or stress difficulties than their food secure peers (p <0.001).ConclusionThe prevalence of food insecurity in dental students was relatively high and associated with adverse food‐ and/or hunger‐related well‐being outcomes. Food insecurity might be a barrier to dental student success, compromising their immediate health and ability to learn.
Quantitative proteomic analysis of extracellular vesicle subgroups isolated by an optimized method combining polymer‐based precipitation and size exclusion chromatography
Authors: Martínez‐Greene Juan A. , Hernández‐Ortega Karina , Quiroz‐Baez Ricardo , Resendis‐Antonio Osbaldo , Pichardo‐Casas Israel , Sinclair David A. , Budnik Bogdan , Hidalgo‐Miranda Alfredo , Uribe‐Querol Eileen , Ramos‐Godínez María del Pilar , Martínez‐Martínez Eduardo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe molecular characterization of extracellular vesicles (EVs) has revealed a great heterogeneity in their composition at a cellular and tissue level. Current isolation methods fail to efficiently separate EV subtypes for proteomic and functional analysis. The aim of this study was to develop a reproducible and scalable isolation workflow to increase the yield and purity of EV preparations. Through a combination of polymer‐based precipitation and size exclusion chromatography (Pre‐SEC), we analyzed two subsets of EVs based on their CD9, CD63 and CD81 content and elution time. EVs were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and Western blot assays. To evaluate differences in protein composition between the early‐ and late‐eluting EV fractions, we performed a quantitative proteomic analysis of MDA‐MB‐468‐derived EVs. We identified 286 exclusive proteins in early‐eluting fractions and 148 proteins with a differential concentration between early‐ and late‐eluting fractions. A density gradient analysis further revealed EV heterogeneity within each analyzed subgroup. Through a systems biology approach, we found significant interactions among proteins contained in the EVs which suggest the existence of functional clusters related to specific biological processes. The workflow presented here allows the study of EV subtypes within a single cell type and contributes to standardizing the EV isolation for functional studies.
Diagnostic Performance of Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System Version 2017 Versus Version 2018 for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Comparative Studies
Authors: Kim Yeun‐Yoon , Lee Sunyoung , Shin Jaeseung , Son Won Jeong , Shin Hyejung , Lee Ji Eun , Hwang Jeong Ah , Chung Yong Eun , Choi Jin‐Young , Park Mi‐Suk 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundThe Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI‐RADS) is a comprehensive system for standardizing liver imaging in patients at risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).PurposeTo systematically compare the performance of computed tomography (CT)/MRI LI‐RADS category 5 (LR‐5) for diagnosing HCC between versions 2017 and 2018.Study TypeSystematic review and meta‐analysis.SubjectsSix articles with 1181 lesions.Field Strength/Sequence1.5 T and 3.0 T.AssessmentData extraction was independently performed by two reviewers who identified and reviewed articles comparing the performance of LR‐5 for diagnosing HCC between CT/MRI LI‐RADS versions 2017 and 2018. Study and patient characteristics, index test characteristics, reference standards, and study outcomes were extracted from included studies. Risk of bias and concerns regarding applicability were evaluated using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies‐2 tool.Statistical TestsBivariate random‐effects models were used to calculate the pooled per‐observation sensitivity and specificity of LR‐5 using both versions. The summary receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted. Meta‐regression analysis was performed to explore heterogeneity. A P‐value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant for all analyses other than heterogeneity, where the significance threshold was 0.1.ResultsThe pooled per‐observation sensitivity of LR‐5 for diagnosing HCC did not show statistically significant difference between versions 2017 (60%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 49%–70%) and 2018 (67%; 95% CI, 56%–76%; P = 0.381). The pooled per‐observation specificities of LR‐5 were not significantly different between versions 2017 (92%; 95% CI, 90%–95%) and 2018 (91%; 95% CI, 88%–93%; P = 0.332). Meta‐regression analyses revealed that the most common underlying liver disease (hepatitis B or hepatitis C) was a significant factor contributing to the heterogeneity of sensitivities among studies for both versions.Data ConclusionIn this meta‐analysis using intraindividual paired comparisons, the pooled sensitivity and pooled specificity of LR‐5 were not significantly different between 2017 and 2018 LI‐RADS versions.Level of Evidence3Technical EfficacyStage 2
Role of equatorial central Pacific sea surface temperature in modulating rainfall over north India during Indian summer monsoon
Authors: Sahoo Monalisa , Yadav Ramesh Kumar 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe summer monsoon season contributes about 80% of annual rainfall in the highly populated region of north India. The teleconnections moderating the variation of summer monsoon rainfall in this region are not satisfactorily understood. A pathway of the equatorial central Pacific sea surface temperature (PSST) influences the north India summer rainfall is revealed from the high‐resolution, more reliable, and state‐of‐the‐art 41‐year (1979–2019) observational data analysis and numerical experiment. The rise in PSST intensifies convection over the equatorial central Pacific with compensatory subsidence over the western equatorial Pacific. Consequently, a much broader and intense anomalous convergence is developed at the upper‐troposphere, which subsequently intensifies the Asian subtropical westerly jet‐stream. The Asian jet intensification strengthens the tropospheric wind shear at north India, as the low‐level monsoonal winds are easterlies over there. The strong wind shear restricts the convective activities in north India. These results are also confirmed using the CFSv2 model sensitivity experiment and a case study of the year 2010.
Detailed analysis of in‐hospital costs for adult patients with type III intestinal failure: A single‐center study with global implications
Authors: Siu Adrian H. Y. , Carey Sharon , Jones Lynn , Morton Rachael L. , Koh Cherry E. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundHome parenteral nutrition (HPN) is the recommended treatment for patients with type III intestinal failure (IF). However, owing to IF's rarity, the economic cost of managing these patients is not well understood. These patients often develop complications resulting in readmissions, which in turn contribute to ongoing costs. This study aims to document the costs of type III IF within the hospital, from initial admission, including readmissions, and to compare incurred costs with current government reimbursement.MethodsA retrospective study design reviewed costs and reimbursement for 25 consecutive patients commencing HPN at a quaternary hospital (October 2011 to September 2017). Hospital admissions were separated into the initial admission and readmission(s) period. Healthcare use and cost data were collected using electronic medical records. Hospital reimbursement costs were retrieved from Sydney Local Health District's Targeted Activity and Reporting Systems. Patient demographics were tabulated, and healthcare use and cost data were compared using Wilcoxon signed rank tests.ResultsThe median cost of the initial hospital admission was substantially higher than the median reimbursement ($36,675; interquartile range [IQR], $23,196–$67,439 vs $19,247; IQR, $7485–$41,090; P < .001). Similar results were observed in the readmissions period, with median incurred costs of $13,898; (IQR, $11,151–$32,130) vs reimbursement of $8469 (IQR, $5625–$13,078) (P = .001).ConclusionResults indicate that type III IF patients have high inpatient costs, which substantially outweigh current reimbursement. Improved funding models are needed to ensure hospitals that accept the management challenge of type III IF patients are not unduly penalized.
A study of the determinants of psychologists' data sharing and open data badge adoption
Authors: Kim Youngseek 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis research examines whether attitudinal, normative, and behavioural control factors affect psychologists' data sharing and open data badge adoption intentions. The results from the multivariate regression demonstrate that psychologists' (n = 338) data sharing and open data badge adoption intentions are commonly influenced by perceived community benefit, norm of data sharing, and perceived effort involved to share datasets. Additionally, psychologists' data sharing intentions are affected by additional, normative, and control factors including the norm of reciprocity, IRB requirements, and availability of data repositories. As it concerns open data badge adoption, psychologists are affected by additional attitudinal factors, including perceived academic reputation and risk. This research suggests psychologists' motivations to share data and for open data badge adoption differ, so different strategies are needed to better promote psychologists' data sharing and open data badge adoption.
Rapid Self‐Healing Supramoleular Gel Constructed from Pillar[5]arene
Authors: Zhang Qian , Li Ke‐Qing , Fan Lu‐Lu , Li Na , Li Jun , Guo Hai‐Ming 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA copolymer with pillar[5]arenes as the pendant groups and a homoditopic guest bearing two triazole‐containing cyanoalkane groups are synthesized. Mixing the copolymers and the guests, a self‐healing gel comes into being. The gel self‐heals immediately and recovers completely within 90 s. It can respond to temperature and competitive molecules. It also exhibits favorable mechanical and remolding properties. Further investigations show that the strong host–guest interaction between pillar[5]arene and the guest is responsible for the excellent properties of the gel. Azobenzene motifs in guest may improve the hardness and moldability of the gel. As far as it is known, such rapid and efficient healing is unprecedented.
Multifunctional Adsorbent: Oleophobic Latex Sponge for Removing Dyes and Cu2+ from Sewage Waste
Authors: Qiu Liyan , Phule Ajit Dattatray , Wen Shibao , Zhang Xin , Chen Qi , Zhang Zhen Xiu 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA latex sponge is modified by chitosan, tannic acid, and silane coupling agent KH550 to prepare an oleophobic sponge adsorbent, which can adsorb different kinds of charged dyes and Cu2+. The static adsorption capacity of the latex sponge before and after modification to methyl orange (MO) (negative charge), rhodamine B (RB) (neutral), methylene blue (MB) (positive charge), and Cu2+ under different initial concentration, pH, and reaction temperature are investigated, and simulations of adsorption kinetics and isotherms are performed. The modified latex sponge improves the overall adsorption capacity along with the initial concentration and increases reaction temperature. The adsorption capacity of the adsorbent expands; when the pH is low, it is beneficial to adsorb MO and RB, and when the pH is high, it is favorable for the adsorption of MB and Cu2+. Adsorption kinetics and isotherm data show that the isotherm dates of pure latex sponge conform to the Langmuir isotherm model, while the isotherm dates of modified latex sponge conform to the Freundich isotherm model; however both of them are more fitted with the pseudo‐second‐order adsorption model, and the chemical adsorption is the main one.
Self‐Assembly of Nonfrustrated ABCBA Linear Pentablock Terpolymers
Authors: Lo Yun‐Tse , Chang Chin‐Hung , Liu Hsuan‐Hung , Huang Ching‐I. , Shi An‐Chang 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe effects of compositions, interaction parameters, and number of blocks on the self‐assembly of nonfrustrated ABCBA linear pentablock terpolymer melts are investigated and compared with the corresponding ABC linear triblock terpolymers using the self‐consistent field theory. For the case of symmetric interaction parameters (χABN = χBCN) and majority B‐blocks, both ABC triblocks and ABCBA pentablocks can form intriguing A‐ and C‐domains embedded in the B‐matrix. While these morphologies persist in the ABC systems when the segregation strength is decreased, the A blocks tend to mix with the B blocks in the ABCBA pentablocks due to the chain topology, resulting in the formation of C‐domains embedded in the AB‐mixed matrix. Different phase behavior is observed for the case of asymmetric interaction parameters (χABN < χBCN). Aside from the core–shell type structures, a number of morphologies arise due to the separation between C and AB‐mixed domains in ABCBA pentablock copolymers. The theoretical results not only capture the self‐assembling behavior of poly(isoprene‐b‐styrene‐b‐ethylene oxide‐b‐styrene‐b‐isoprene) pentablocks, but also provide concrete suggestions for designing diverse microstructures in the linear ABC‐type terpolymers.
Drought characteristics over Nepal Himalaya and their relationship with climatic indices
Authors: Sharma Shankar , Hamal Kalpana , Khadka Nitesh , Shrestha Dibas , Aryal Deepak , Thakuri Sudeep 
Published: April 2021

AbstractUnderstanding drought characteristics is vital for sustainable societal and ecosystem functioning, especially in ongoing climate change. The study investigates the drought characteristics over the Nepal Himalaya using the standardized precipitation index (SPI) based on monthly precipitation data from 220 ground stations between 1980 and 2016 at seasonal and annual timescales. The results show that occurrences of drought are more frequent after the 2000s, intensifying their severity and duration. The cumulative probabilities of short‐term (SPI3) and long‐term (SPI12) drought during the period 1980–2016 were 17.1% and 23.5%, respectively. The short‐term drought over Nepal occurred with an average duration of 2.8 months and a severity of −4.3, whereas for long‐term drought the duration and severity were 8.6 months and −13.9, respectively. Meanwhile, the seasonal drought shows that the spring and autumn drought events were slightly higher than summer and winter drought. The wavelet power spectrum shows the variability signals of winter, spring and summer drought were 2–8 and 8–16 years; however, the autumn drought index only varied at 2–8 years. The NINO3.4 is the primary controlling mode of variability for summer and annual drought, whereas the dipole moment index (DMI) is used for the autumn drought at an interannual timescale. The decadal variability of summer and annual drought is linked with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, whereas winter and spring drought are linked to the Arctic Oscillation. Furthermore, the study contributes to the understanding of the drought characteristics and its controlling factors of variability over Nepal.