bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of RANS turbulence closure models for predicting airflow in neutral ABL over hilly terrain
Authors: Narjisse Amahjour , Abdellatif Khamlichi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractImplementing wind farms in heights of a hilly terrain where wind speed is expected to be large may be viewed as a means to increase wind energy production without occupying fertile lands. Micro sitting of a wind farm in these conditions can gain dramatically from CFD simulation of fluid flow in the ABL above complex topography. However, this issue still poses tough challenges regarding the turbulence model to be used and the way to operate the near wall treatment in the presence eventually of separation. In this work, prediction capacity of RANS turbulence models was studied for a typical hill under the assumption of steady state and incompressible airflow regime in neutral ABL. Two models were analyzed by using COMSOL Multiphysics software packages. These included standard , and shear-stress transport . The most up-to-date procedures dedicated to near wall treatment were applied along with refined closer coefficients adjusted for the particular case of ABL. Considering wind tunnel test data, performance of the previous models was discussed in terms of converging mesh, computational time, reattachment point position and propensity of the model to retrieve the right level of turbulence flow in conditions of neutral stratifications. Then, a numerical simulation of the turbulent airflow over two slopes shapes of the symmetry hill by the validation of the experimental data has been then carried out. Both turbulence models agree well with air-velocity tested windward of the hills H3 and H5. Therefore, it was found that the standard model performs very well at the different positions of the low slope hill, and at the summit of a steep hill, but it over-predicts wind speed close to the wall, which requires an improvement of the near-wall treatment. However, the model in neutral case of the ABL was given consistent simulation results with experimental data for prediction of the flow separation and recirculation region at the leeward side of a steep hill, whereas standard model under the neutral condition and the model by using standard coefficients were failed to predict accurately detailed characteristics of recirculation region process.
Developing railway supplier selection excellence using business intelligence knowledge management framework
Authors: Jayakrishnan Mailasan , Mohamad Abdul Karim , Yusof Mokhtar Mohd 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn a broad scope, the term Information System (IS) is a scientific field of research study that approaches the scope of managerial, strategic, and operational activities complex in the storing, processing, distributing, gathering, and utilizing of knowledge and its associated technologies in organizations and industry. The model of railway supplier selection using BI-KM framework is situated on a horizontal structure of the organization and its technology transformation to execute the organization goal, with technology as enabler and driver (technology adoption), organization as the principal environment (business process analysis), and Information Management (data modeling). This study is significant in supporting data scenarios by focusing on the heuristic view of an industry approach to problem-solving management issues. Furthermore, the research development was to identify integrated framework adoption that contributes to strategic performance diagnostics dashboard. By understanding the factors of theoretical framework adoption, these conceptual frameworks assure competitive advantage. Besides, this railway supplier selection excellence model analyzed the extent and provides a potential solution to strategic decision-making issues. The study directs to regulate the adoption of the theoretical framework towards conceptual framework by using the role of Business Intelligence (BI) to analyze the quality of data presented as the railway supplier selection criteria from operational management through data analytics. Moreover, this will be united to help the best cycles and instruments in essential execution by the executives of a railway supplier selection dashboard for simulating data as interactive supplier performance.
Oxycytosis and the role of triboelectricity and oxidation in bacteria clearing from the bloodstream
Authors: Minasyan Hayk 
Published: May 2021

AbstractUntil recently, little was known about the mechanism for killing and clearing bacteria from the bloodstream. Leukocyte phagocytosis could not be a mechanism for catching, killing and removing bacteria from the bloodstream because of many reasons. Recently accumulated data have led to the conclusion that in bacteremia, bacteria are quickly removed from the blood and erythrocytes are the main cells that capture, kill and remove bacteria. Data were also obtained that erythrocytes catch bacteria by triboelectric charge attraction and kill them by oxygen released from oxyhemoglobin. This phenomenon has been named oxycytosis by analogy with the term phagocytosis. Oxycytosis has been discussed in a number of published articles, but the specific mechanism of triboelectric charging and the mechanism of killing bacteria by oxidation, have not yet been detailed. The purpose of this review is to provide a more detailed explanation of the process of triboelectric charging and capture of bacteria by erythrocytes and destruction of bacteria by oxidation. For the first time, the review presents various variants of oxycytosis (two-stage, three-stage, multi-stage), depending on the resistance of the pathogen to oxidation. The review also discusses the biological significance of oxycytosis and its impact on the understanding of bacteremia and sepsis.
Features of multimorbidity in elderly and senile people with hypertension
Authors: Popov V. V. , Novikova I. A. , Trokhova M. V. 
Published: May 2021

Aim. To reveal the features of multimorbidity in elderly and senile people with hypertension (HTN).Material and methods. A total of 70 elderly and senile hypertensive patients were examined at one of the Arkhangelsk outpatient clinics (from 60 to 90 years old; mean age — 69,14±1,34 years), including those aged 60-74 years (n=56; (80,0%) and 75 years and older (n=14; 20,0%). We assessed the questionnaire survey data, the outpatient medical records, the clinical status, and the cumulative illness rating scale for geriatrics (CIRS-G).Results. The analysis showed a high prevalence of multimorbidity in elderly and senile people with HTN, which was found in all patients. On average, an elderly patient with HTN has 6 diseases that are pathogenetically interrelated and unrelated, while a senile patient has 8 diseases. The most common comorbidities were gastrointestinal (81,43%), musculoskeletal (77,14%) and endocrine (77,14%) diseases. Among the cardiovascular comorbidities in the elderly with HTN, the following were more common: heart failure (54,29%), coronary artery disease (angina pectoris — 41,43%) and cerebrovascular diseases (28,57%) (stroke/transient ischemic attack, vascular encephalopathy). Patients with HTN took an average of 6 different drugs at the same time. There was moderate comorbidity level in the elderly patients and a high one in those of senile age.Conclusion. In elderly and senile patients with HTN, there is a high prevalence of multimorbidity, which must be taken into account when preventing polypharmacy.
Long-term outcomes of renal denervation and related sex characteristics: data from a three-year follow-up
Authors: Zyubanova I. V. , Mordovin V. F. , Falkovskaya A. Yu. , Pekarsky S. E. , Ripp T. M. , Manukyan M. A. , Lichikaki V. A. , Gusakova A. M. , Ryabova T. R. , Baev A. E. 
Published: May 2021

Aim. To study the long-term outcomes of renal denervation (RDN) within 3-year follow-up with an assessment of blood pressure (BP) changes, the severity of target organ damage and the levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients with resistant hypertension (RH), taking into account sex characteristics.Material and methods. A total of 42 patients with RH were examined at baseline, 1, 2, and 3 years after RDN on the background of antihypertensive therapy. Twenty-four-hour BP monitoring, echocardiography, assessment of creatinine level and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), as well as determination of some cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1β, 6, 10, tumor necrosis factor-α) were performed.Results. There was a persistent BP decrease in men and women for three years compared with the initial level by an average of 17 [4; 31]/10 [0; 18] mm Hg (p<0,05). Decrease in BP variability from 17,9±5,1 to 15,2±3,6 mm Hg was observed mainly by means of women, while the decrease in left ventricular mass from 250,4±64,0 to 229,3±61,9 g was mainly by means of men. Creatinine level was unchanged, while eGFR decreased from 78,8±16,1 to 74,5±20,3 ml/ min/1,73 m2 over 3 years; the mean eGFR decline was 1,4 ml/min/1,73 m2 in year. All studied cytokines tended to decrease regardless of sex: tumor necrosis factor-α — from 2,1 [1,2; 77] to 2,1 [1,7; 2,6] pg/ml (p=0,022); IL-1β — from 2,2 [1,5; 2,4] to 1,6 [1,1; 1,5] pg/ml (p=0,034); IL-6 — from 3,8 [1,6; 4,9] to 2,8 [1,8; 3,0] pg/ml (p>0,05), IL-10 — from 5,8 [3,2; 8,2] to 2,8 [2,6; 2,9] pg/ml (p=0,000), correlating with IL-6 dynamics.Conclusion. Three years after RDN, there is a persistent decrease in mean 24-hour BP, regardless of sex. In women, a more pronounced BP variability decrease is observed, while in men — regression of left ventricular mass. There is no significant decrease in eGFR in the long-term period. The decrease in proinflammatory cytokines maintains, and in some cases becomes more pronounced within three years after RDN.
Association of vascular stiffness and geriatric syndromes in hypertensive elderly patients
Authors: Luzina A. V. , Runikhina N. K. , Tkacheva O. N. , Kotovskaya Yu. V. 
Published: May 2021

Aim. To study the relationship of vascular stiffness (cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI)) with frailty and other geriatric syndromes in hypertensive elderly patients.Material and methods. The study included 160 patients aged 60 to 101 years with verified stage I-III hypertension. The previous therapy was assessed. A comprehensive geriatric assessment was performed with functional and neuropsychological tests to identify geriatric syndromes. Vascular stiffness was assessed by VaSera-VS-1500 vascular screening system (FUKUDA DENSHI, Japan) with determination of the CAVI.Results. The mean age of the patients was 77,2±8,1 years (n=160): in the group of patients without frailty — 72,4±6,9 years (n=50), with prefrailty — 76,6±8,1 years (n=50), with frailty — 81,7±6,6 (n=60). Patients with frailty had a higher CAVI than those without frailty and with prefrailty (10,3±1,6 vs 9,3±1,0 and 9,6±1,8, respectively; p=0,002).In patients with frailty, a negative correlation was found between the vascular stiffness and body mass index (BMI) (Rs=-0,392 (p=0,002)), and a positive correlation between the CAVI and orthostatic response (Rs=0,382 (p=0,003). In patients with prefrailty, negative relationships were found with the dynamometric parameters (Rs=-0,329 (p=0,019)), BMI (Rs=-0,343 (p=0,015) and physical activity (Rs=-0,285 (p=0,047)).In patients without frailty, the vascular stiffness was associated with an increased total cholesterol level (Rs=0,379 (p=0,009)), a low physical activity (Rs=-0,355 (p=0,015)), as well as negative correlations were found with the clock-drawing test and falls (Rs=-0,458 (p=0,011) and Rs=-0,306 (p=0,031), respectively).Conclusion. Vascular stiffness in elderly patients with frailty is associated with a decrease in body mass index and orthostatic hypotension. At the stage of prefrailty, the relationship between the vascular stiffness and muscle strength decrease (according to dynamometry) was revealed.Thus, the vascular stiffness is associated with frailty markers itself.
Dynamics of resistant hypertension in the postoperative period of carotid endarterectomy with and without carotid body saving
Authors: Kazantsev A. N. , Vinogradov R. A. , Chernyavsky M. A. , Kravchuk V. N. , Shmatov D. V. , Sorokin A. A. , Erofeev A. A. , Lutsenko V. A. , Sultanov R. V. , Shabaev A. R. , Radzhabov I. M. , Bagdavadze G. Sh. , Zarkua N. E. , Matusevich V. V. , Vaiman E. F. , Solobuev A. I. , Leader R. Yu. , Porkhanov V. A. , Khubulava G. G. 
Published: May 2021

Aim. To analyze the results of multicenter study on dynamics of resistant hypertension (RH) in patients after various types of carotid endarterectomy (CE) with and without carotid body savingMaterial and methods. During the period from January 2010 to December 2020, 1827 patients with hemodynamically significant stenosis of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and RH were operated on. Depending on CE type, the two groups were selected. Group 1 (n=1135; 62,2%) consisted of patients received glomus-saving surgery: 19,2% (n=351) -conventional CE with a patch repair of reconstitution point; 13,6% (n=248) — glomus-saving CE sensu R. A. Vinogradov; 7,3% (n=133) — glomus-saving CE sensu K. A. Antsupov; 11,7% (n=214) — glomus-saving CE sensu A. N. Kazantsev; 4,6% (n=84) — Chick-Chirik CE; 5,7% (n=105) — swallow tail type patch repair sensu R. I. Izhbuldin. Group 2 (n=692; 37,8%) consisted of patients received CE without glomus saving: 18,6% (n=341) — eversion CE with carotid body cutoff; 6,3% (n=115) — CE with new bifurcation plasty; 5,85% (n=107) — autoarterial reconstruction; 7,1% (n=129) ICA autotransplantation sensu E. V. Rosseikin.Results. The mortality rate, as well as the prevalence of myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic strokes were comparable in groups. The incidence of hemorrhagic transformation (group 1: 0%; group 2: 0,6%; p=0,04; OR=0,06; 95% CI, 0,003-1,25) and composite endpoint (death+MI+ischemic stroke+hemorrhagic transformation) (group 1: 1,06%; group 2: 3,0%; p=0,004; odds ratio (OR)=0,34; 95% CI, 0,16-0,69) significantly differs between groups. After glomus-saving CE, the number of patients with the target blood pressure (BP) level reached 51,1% (p <0,0001; OR=0,0009; 95% CI, 6,05-15,9). The number of patients with grade II (31,1%; p<0,0001; OR=12,7; 95% CI, 10,4-15,52) and III (3,6%; p<0,0001; OR=10,26; 95% CI, 6,71-15,67) hypertension significantly decreased. In the group 2, the prevalence grade III hypertension increased (48,0%; p<0,0001; OR=0,23; 95% CI, 0,18-0,3), while the number of patients with grade I (0%; p<0,0001; OR=77,0; 95% CI, 4,71-12,58) and II (52%; p<0,0001; OR=3,06; 95% CI, 2,43-3,86) hypertension decreased.Conclusion. Glomus-saving CE contributes to achieving target BP in patients with RH. Its removal increases the risks of labile hypertension, postoperative hypertensive crisis, hyperperfusion syndrome and hemorrhagic transformation.
Sleep disorders — risk factors and hypertension markers in young people with normal body weight
Authors: Kalinkin A. L. , Sorokin A. S. 
Published: May 2021

Aim. To assess the relationship between different types of sleep disorders, sleep-related symptoms and hypertension (HTN).Material and methods. This cross-sectional study based on the online survey of persons aged 18-39 years with a body mass index of 18-25 kg/m2.Results. According to the results, the HTN risk in persons aged 18-39 years with normal body mass index increases 2 or more times in the presence of various types of sleep disorders and related symptoms. The prevalence of HTGN depends on the patient's phenotype, i.e. from a combination of different types of sleep disorders and sleep-related symptoms.Conclusion. Given the widespread prevalence of various sleep disorders, as well as the relationship between sleep disorders and hypertension in young people, it is necessary to develop preventive measures aimed at reducing the HTN risk by restoring healthy sleep. We also suggest that various sleep disorders may be the primary link in the development of essential HTN.
Role of soluble ST2 in short-term prediction of acute heart failure in acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Donirova O. S. , Protasov K. V. , Donirov B. A. , Batunova E. V. 
Published: May 2021

Aim. To investigate the relationship of soluble ST2 (sST2) to acute heart failure (AHF) and compare the predictive value of sST2 and brain natriuretic peptide in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Material and methods. In 136 STEMI patients, the serum sST2 concentration was determined during the first 24 hours of hospitalization. We assessed levels of sST2, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), incidence of Killip class II-IV AHF during hospitalization, myocardial necrosis biomarkers, parameters of complete blood count and biochemical blood tests, the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors. The predictive value of sST2 for AHF development was assessed using logistic regression. ROC analysis was performed. The areas under the ROC curve were compared for sST2 and NT-proBNP. The cut-off sST2 value was determined for predicting AHF.Results. The mean sST2 level was 43,4 (33,6-73,9) ng/ml. During the followup period, AHF was diagnosed in 54 people (39,7%). The prevalence of AHF in the 1st, 2ndand 3rd tertiles of sST2 was 15,6%, 33,3% and 69,7%, respectively. The NT-proBNP levels were 319 (128-1072) pg/ml, 430 (147-1140) pg/ml and 1317 (533-2386) pg/ml. The predictive value of 3rdsST2 tertile was retained adjusted for age, sex, NT-proBNP, troponin T, creatine phosphokinase-MB, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, hemoglobin, blood glucose, left ventricular ejection fraction. The areas under the ROC curves for sST2 and NT-proBNP were comparable (0,828 and 0,733, respectively; p=0,056). The cut-off sST2 value was 64 ng/ml, above which the odds ratio of AHF was 11,1 (95% confidence interval, 4,7-26,1.Conclusion. An increase in blood sST2 is associated with an increase in AHF (Killip II-IV) prevalence in hospitalized patients with acute STEMI. Soluble ST2 has an independent predictive value for AHF in STEMI, comparable in strength and predictive model quality to NT-proBNP. The cut-off sST2 value for AHF (>64 ng/ ml) was calculated, which provides an optimal balance of sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the prognostic model. These data support the potential value of sST2 as a biomarker of AHF in STEMI.
Pharmacoepidemiological analysis of routine management of heart failure patients in the Russian Federation. Part I
Authors: Lopatin Yu. M. , Nedogoda S. V. , Arkhipov M. V. , Galyavich A. S. , Koziolova N. A. , Lozhkina N. G. , Reznik E. V. , Salasyuk A. S. , Frolov M. Yu. , Chesnikova A. I. , Chumachek E. V. , Shpagina L. A. 
Published: May 2021

Aim. To assess the healthcare system costs for the management of patients with heart failure (HF) based on a retrospective analysis of primary medical documentation.Material and methods. We performed the analysis of outpatient records of 1000 patients, followed up for 1 year by a general practitioner or cardiologist in ambulatory clinic in 7 Russian regions. The study included men and women over 18 years of age with an established class II-IV HF and at least one hospitalization due to acute decompensated HF within 12-month follow-up.Results. The final analysis included 888 patients (men, 52,9%; women, 47,1%; mean age, 69 [61; 78] years). The preserved ejection fraction (EF) was detected in 47,86% of patients, mid-range — in 40,54%, reduced — in 11,6%. Only in 16% of patients, there was improved by 1 or more HF. Hypertension and coronary artery disease were predominant in etiology pattern of HF. Preserved EF was more often detected in women over 60 years of age, with HTN and obesity, as well as with HF with mid-range and reduced EF in men in the same age group. There was sufficient follow-up rate, but the extent examinations do not correspond to the recommended one. The prescription rate of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors corresponds to the recommended one, but there is a high frequency of prescribing angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). The prescription rate of β-blockers and loop diuretics (mainly torasemide) increased in comparison with previous studies, while thiazide diuretics — decreased. In patients with reduced EF, the prescription rate of sacubitril/valsartan was only 14,7%, β-blockers — 83,3%, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MCRA) — 72,5%. In patients with midrange EF, there was a sharp decrease in prescription rate of RAAS inhibitors, β-blockers, MCRA.Conclusion. The practical follow-up of patients with HF differs significantly from clinical guidelines. Due to inadequate pharmacotherapy, as well as insufficient noncompliance with the recommended extent of investigations, 1-year HF therapy does not lead to a pronounced improvement in the patients' class.
Retrospective analysis of clinical decision support system use in patients with hypertension and atrial fibrillation (INTELLECT)
Authors: Losik D. V. , Kozlova S. N. , Krivosheev Yu. S. , Ponomarenko A. V. , Ponomarev D. N. , Pokushalov E. A. , Bolshakova O. O. , Zhabina E. S. , Lyasnikova E. A. , Korelskaya N. A. , Trukshina M. A. , Tulintseva T. E. , Konradi A. O. 
Published: May 2021

Aim. To evaluate the relationship between the clinical decision support system use (CDSS) and adherence to clinical guidelines.Materials and methods. Medical records of 300 patients with atrial fibrillation and hypertension from the electronic medical database of the Almazov National Medical Research Center were analyzed. Demographic and clinical data, as well as information on anticoagulant, antiarrhythmic and antihypertensive prescriptions were analyzed. The primary endpoint was adherence of prescribed treatment to current clinical guidelines for each of the three therapies. Firstly, a group of independent clinical experts assessed primary endpoint for retrospective prescriptions. Secondly, new prescriptions were simulated by another group of clinical experts using CDSS and blinded to previous therapy. Primary endpoint at the second step was analysed by independent experts. We compared adherence to relevant clinical guidelines with and without use of CDSS. Additionally, we analyzed predictors of failing to meet the current recommendations in the retrospective records.Results. Out of 300 patients, only 291 (97%) had all characteristics and were included in the analysis. In 26 patients (18%), all three treatment strategies were in accordance with current clinical guidelines. Anticoagulant therapy was adherent to the guidelines in 92% of cases. Experts who used CDSS were 15% (95% confidence interval [CI], 10-21%) more likely to prescribe novel oral anticoagulants and 14% (95% CI, 10-19%) less likely to prescribe warfarin compared to baseline. Antiarrhythmic therapy was adherent to the guidelines in 69% of cases. When the CDSS platform was applied, experts were 14% (95% CI 4-19%) more likely to prefer antiarrhythmic drug (AAD) monotherapy and 32% (95% CI 26-37%) more often prescribed radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of left atrium. At baseline, antihypertensive therapy combinations were adherent clinical guidelines in 28% of cases. The use of the CDSS platform by experts was significantly associated with an increase in the frequency of prescribing dual and triple antihypertensive therapy.Conclusion. CDSS use is associated with improved adherence to current clinical guidelines. Prospective randomized trials are needed to evaluate the CDSS effectiveness in the prevention of cardiovascular events.