bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Good's syndrome (immunodeficiency with thymoma): A separate entity with a broad classification: Report of six cases and review of the literature
Authors: Nabavi Mohammad , Rezaeifar Afshin , Fallahpour Morteza , Arshi Saba , Bemanian Mohammad Hassan , Shokri Sima , Atashrazm Fatemeh , Bahrami Sima , Asadi Gharabaghi Mehrnaz , Rezaeifar Parisa , Vakilazad Zahra 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGood's syndrome is a rare adult‐onset thymoma‐associated immunodeficiency with unknown pathogenesis. Therefore, it should be carefully managed as soon as possible when complications are presented. Because of variety of immunodeficiency, this syndrome is now classified as a separate entity with a broad classification (immunodeficiency with thymoma).
Hypoxemia, high alveolar‐arterial gradient, and bubbles in both sides of heart: A case of hepatopulmonary syndrome in the setting of COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Torres‐Valencia Javier , Quevedo‐Mori Arturo , Untiveros‐Mayorga Fernando 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn presence of tachypnea, digital clubbing and cyanosis in a patient with the hallmarks of chronic liver disease, hepatopulmonary syndrome should be suspected and investigated.
A case of primary cardiac sarcoma with an acute presentation: The role of multimodality imaging
Authors: Restivo Luca , De Luca Antonio , Pinamonti Bruno , Grilli Giulia , Bussani Rossana , Cominotto Franco , Crisafulli Carmelo , Dore Franca , Sinagra Gianfranco , Pappalardo Aniello 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe case highlights the value of contrast echocardiography in raising clinical suspicion of malignancy, allowing a diagnostic work‐up and the treatment of the primitive heart tumors.
Not your typical morbilliform rash: Angioimmunoblastic T‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Bao Wendi , Buchanan Kendall L. , Davis Loretta S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAngioimmunoblastic T‐cell lymphoma (AITL) is a rare but aggressive lymphoma that commonly presents with skin involvement, often morphologically similar to viral or drug‐induced morbilliform eruptions. Morbilliform rashes with systemic symptoms of unclear etiology mandate a thorough workup; empiric corticosteroid therapy is best avoided and may delay diagnosis of underlying malignancy such as AITL.
Polymerization of Allenes by Using an Iron(II) β‐Diketiminate Pre‐Catalyst to Generate High Mn Polymers
Authors: Woof Callum R. , Durand Derek J. , Webster Ruth L. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHerein, we report an iron(II)‐catalyzed polymerization of arylallenes. This reaction proceeds rapidly at room temperature in the presence of a hydride co‐catalyst to generate polymers of weight up to Mn=189 000 Da. We have determined the polymer structure and chain length for a range of monomers through a combination of NMR, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analysis. Mechanistically, we postulate that the co‐catalyst does not react to form an iron(II) hydride in situ, but instead the chain growth is proceeding via a reactive Fe(III) species. We have also performed kinetic and isotopic experiments to further our understanding. The formation of a highly unusual 1,3‐substituted cyclobutane side‐product is also investigated.
Numerical investigation of gas–liquid and liquid–liquidTaylor flow through a circular microchannel with a sudden expansion
Authors: Etminan Amin , Muzychka Yuri S. , Pope Kevin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper investigates a CFD‐based analysis for gas–liquid and liquid–liquid Taylor flows through a circular axisymmetric microchannel with a sudden enlargement. A series of simulations are conducted by exploring the influence of different superficial velocity ratios, apparent viscosities, and channel expansion on the hydrodynamics of slug flow. A concentric junction introduces dispersed airflow into a continuous flow of water for gas–liquid flow, and the junction introduces dispersed water into a continuous flow of dodecane for liquid–liquid flow. The air‐bubble and water‐slug evolution processes, slug breakup, and slug expansion are investigated. In all cases, the lengths of air bubbles and water slugs increase with increasing superficial velocity ratio, particularly before the expansion. For gas–liquid flow, the apparent viscosity ratio causes a fluctuating interface over the uniform film region. However, the water slug length is shorter and the film region is slightly thicker in liquid–liquid compared to gas–liquid flow. The numerical analysis developed in this paper is in good agreement with the existing correlations and experimental data in the literature.
High concentrations of hypochlorous acid‐based disinfectant in the environment reduced the load of SARS‐CoV‐2 in nucleic acid amplification testing
Authors: Duan Xiuzhi , Wang Xuchu , Xie Yiyi , Yu Pan , Zhuang Tingting , Zhang Yingzhi , Fang Liuyu , Ping Ying , Liu Weiwei , Tao Zhihua 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDuring the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) pandemic, chlorine‐containing disinfectants have been widely used in nucleic acid amplification testing laboratories. Whether the use of disinfectants affect the results of viral nucleic acid amplification is unknown. We examined the impact of different hypochlorous acid (HOCl) concentrations on the quantitative results of SARS‐CoV‐2 by real‐time reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). We also explored the mechanisms and models of action of chlorine‐containing disinfectants that affected the detection of SARS‐CoV‐2. The results showed that different HOCl concentrations and different action times had an impact on the SARS‐CoV‐2 results. High concentrations of ambient HOCl have a greater impact than low concentrations, and this effect will increase with the extension of the action time and with the increase in ambient humidity. Compared with the enzymes or the extracted RNA required for RT‐PCR, the impact of HOCl on the SARS‐CoV‐2 detection is more likely to be caused by damage to primers and probes in the PCR system. The false negative result still existed after changing the ambient disinfectant to ethanol but not peracetic acid. The use of HOCl in the environment will have an unpredictable impact on the nucleic acid test results of SARS‐CoV‐2. In order to reduce the possibility of false negative of SARS‐CoV‐2 nucleic acid test and prevent the spread of epidemic disease, environmental disinfectants should be used at the beginning and end of the experiment rather than during the experimental operation.
Insights into the effect of halide enriched ZnO synthesized using tetrabutylammonium halides toward photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine 6G
Authors: Satpal Sudhakar B. , Athawale Anjali A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractZnO and halide (Cl, Br, and I) enriched ZnO samples have been synthesized by polyol method. Halide enriched zinc oxide (ZnO‐X) were obtained when synthesis was carried out in the presence of tetrabutylammonium halide (X‐Cl, Br, and I) salts. X‐ray results reveal that the halide ions seem to occupy the oxygen vacancy sites as well as interstitial sites of the ZnO lattice increasing the cell volume and strain along the c‐axis. Microspheres are observed in the scanning electron micrographs with the size ranging between 170 and 385 nm. Photocatalytic activity of the synthesized samples was tested under UV light irradiation for the decomposition of Rhodamine‐6G dye. The halide enriched ZnO samples show higher rate of dye degradation compared to pristine ZnO attributable to their higher bandgap leading to a decrease in the recombination reactions of the electron–hole pair and higher light absorbing ability. ZnO‐Br is seen to exhibit the highest rate of degradation due to higher bandgap, light absorbing ability and predominance of (101) facet in the lattice. Further, ZnO‐Br appears to undergo negligible change after 3 cycles of catalysis proving its reusability.
Development of an online adaptive energy management strategy for the novel hierarchical coupled electric powertrain
Authors: Chen Xianbao , Shu Hongyu , Song Yitong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper develops an online adaptive energy management strategy (EMS) for the promising hierarchical coupled electric powertrain (HCEP) to exert its energy‐saving potential while considering the adaptability to driving conditions and the suppression of mode switching frequency. First, the complex energy management issue of the HCEP is simplified by introducing a simple power allocation method. And, the simplified energy management issue is solved by the Dynamic Programming to obtain the offline optimal working mode sequences of the HCEP. Second, the online working mode decision rules of the HCEP are established according to the obtained working mode sequences. And, the auxiliary rules in the decision rules are further optimized for different types of driving conditions. Then, the principal component analysis and generalized regression neural network are used to construct the driving condition recognizer (DCR) with high prediction accuracy. And, based on the constructed DCR, working mode decision rules, and introduced power allocation method, an online adaptive EMS is developed for the HCEP. Finally, the rationality of the introduced power allocation method and the effectiveness of the developed online adaptive EMS are verified.
The Queens Give Heat: Haitian Women's Spiritual Play‐Labor in Rara
Authors: Guzman Elena Herminia 
Published: June 2021

AbstractEvery year in Haiti and its diaspora, the Lenten and Vodou festivals of Rara occur through Easter Sunday. In this article, I argue that religious performances, such as Rara, are critical sites of Black women's social and economic empowerment. In particular, the women performers of Rara or the queens use Rara to empower themselves. Based on long‐term ethnographic research in Haiti, I attend to the way Black women transform play and Black religious expression into labor or what I call spiritual play‐labor. This concept builds on the works of Robin D.G. Kelley's (1997) and Oneka LaBennett's (2011) in which they attend to the ways that Black youth turn play and Black cultural expression into labor. I use Spiritual play‐labor as an analytic to explore the ways that Haitian women turn spiritual performances and Rara's carnivalesque play into labor that is compensated. The queen's reframing of their performance as labor relies upon their understanding of chalè or heat in which Black women's beauty and bodily work are central. Situating myself within the field of Black feminist anthropology, I explore my role as a feminist ethnographer in advocating with the queens to reframe their spiritual play into labor.
Microwave‐assisted catalytic activity of superparamagnetic spinel ferrites
Authors: Riaz Ufana , Ashraf Syed M , Aazam Elham S 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDSuperparamagnetic spinel ferrites were synthesized through a facile one‐step co‐precipitation technique using carbonate salt as precursor.RESULTSThe synthesized ferrite nanoparticles of type MFe2O4 exhibited remarkably high magnetism even under microwave irradiation, which was utilized for the microwave‐assisted degradation of Alizarin Red (AR) dye. The formation of •OH radicals under microwave irradiation was detected by the radical scavenging studies, which suggested that these radicals played an important role in the microwave‐assisted catalytic reaction.CONCLUSIONThis facile synthetic approach can lead to the design and preparation of microwave‐active magnetic spinels with an excellent ability to remove organic pollutants in wastewater. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Transcriptomic bases of a polyphenism
Authors: Levis Nicholas A. , Kelly Patrick W. , Harmon Emily A. , Ehrenreich Ian M. , McKay Daniel J. , Pfennig David W. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPolyphenism—in which multiple distinct phenotypes are produced from a single genotype owing to differing environmental conditions—is commonplace, but its molecular bases are poorly understood. Here, we examine the transcriptomic bases of a polyphenism in Mexican spadefoot toads (Spea multiplicata). Depending on their environment, their tadpoles develop into either a default “omnivore” morph or a novel “carnivore” morph. We compared patterns of gene expression among sibships that exhibited high versus low production of carnivores when reared in conditions that induce the carnivore morph versus those that do not. We found that production of the novel carnivore morph actually involved changes in fewer genes than did the maintenance of the default omnivore morph in the inducing environment. However, only body samples showed this pattern; head samples showed the opposite pattern. We also found that changes to lipid metabolism (especially cholesterol biosynthesis) and peroxisome contents and function might be crucial for establishing and maintaining differences between the morphs. Thus, our findings suggest that carnivore phenotype might have originally evolved following the breakdown of robustness mechanisms that maintain the default omnivore phenotype, and that the carnivore morph is developmentally regulated by lipid metabolism and peroxisomal form, function, and/or signaling. This study also serves as a springboard for further exploration into the nature and causes of plasticity in an emerging model system.
Effect of perioperative flurbiprofen axetil on long‐term survival of patients with esophageal carcinoma who underwent thoracoscopic esophagectomy: A retrospective study
Authors: Xie Yanhu , Wang Di , Gao Chen , Hu Jicheng , Zhang Min , Gao Wei , Shu Shuhua , Chai Xiaoqing 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesNonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have an anti‐inflammatory response, but it remains unclear whether the perioperative use of flurbiprofen axetil can influence postoperative tumor recurrence and survival in esophageal carcinoma. We aimed to explore the effect of perioperative intravenous flurbiprofen axetil on recurrence‐free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with esophageal carcinoma who underwent thoracoscopic esophagectomy.MethodsThis retrospective study included patients who underwent surgery for esophageal carcinoma between December 2009 and May 2015 at the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital. Patients were categorized into a non‐NSAIDs group (did not receive flurbiprofen axetil), single‐dose NSAIDs group (received a single dose of flurbiprofen axetil intravenously), and multiple‐dose NSAIDs group (received multiple doses of flurbiprofen).ResultsA total of 847 eligible patients were enrolled. Univariable and multivariable analyses revealed that the intraoperative use of flurbiprofen was associated with long‐term RFS (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.56, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.42–0.76, p = .001) and prolonged OS (HR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.38–0.63, p = .001).ConclusionsPerioperative flurbiprofen axetil therapy may be associated with prolonged RFS and OS in patients with esophageal carcinoma undergoing thoracoscopic esophagectomy.
Temporal changes in cause‐specific death in men with localised prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy: a population‐based, nationwide study
Authors: Thomsen Frederik B. , Garmo Hans , Brasso Klaus , Egevad Lars , Stattin Pär 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveChanges in diagnostic work‐up, histopathological assessment, and treatment of men with prostate cancer during the last 20 years have affected the prognosis. The objective was to investigate the risk of prostate cancer death in men with clinically localised prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy in Sweden in 2000–2010.MethodsPopulation‐based, nationwide, study on men with clinically localised prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy in the period 2000–2010. Cox regression analyses were used to assess differences in risk of prostate cancer death according to calendar period for diagnosis and stratified on risk category.ResultsThe study included 19 330 men with a median follow‐up of 12.4 years. Men diagnosed in 2007–2008 and 2009–2010 had a significantly lower risk of prostate cancer death compared to men diagnosed in 2000–2002. The reduced risk of prostate cancer death was restricted to men with intermediate‐risk prostate cancer with no differences observed in men with low‐ or high‐risk prostate cancer.ConclusionDuring the study period, the risk of prostate cancer death decreased in the total population of men with localised prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy. The decrease was restricted to men with intermediate‐risk prostate cancer.
Thiamine limitation of periphyton in Adirondack Mountain streams
Authors: Wang Binbin , Kraft Clifford E. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRecent observations in marine ecosystems show that the presence of thiamine regulates primary production, but little is known about the ecological effect of thiamine in streams. We conducted nutrient enrichment experiments in four streams in the New York's Adirondack Mountains using nutrient diffusing substrates to evaluate the influence of thiamine (vitamin B1) on the growth of stream periphyton. Contrasting treatments in our study included nutrient additions of thiamine (C12H17ClN4OS·HCl), nitrogen (NH4Cl), and phosphorus (NaH2PO4). Thiamine limitation occurred in 12 of 14 experiments conducted from June through October in 2015–2017, nitrogen limitation occurred in eight experiments, and phosphorus limitation in one experiment. The magnitude of response of periphyton to thiamine enrichment varied among seasons, years, and streams. The growth‐enhancing effect on periphyton biomass from thiamine or nitrogen addition typically occurred between 8 and 32 d of incubation, though the periphyton accumulation rate declined after 16–24 d of incubation. Our results showed that thiamine is a limiting nutrient for primary producers in our study streams and its effect size is similar to that of nitrogen. These findings extend the prior recognition of thiamine's substantial influence on marine photosynthetic eukaryotes to having a similar role in freshwater ecosystems.
LATINO DESTINO: CREATING A MULTICULTURAL AMERICA
Authors: Bordas Juana 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe author contends that the United States has become a multicultural nation, and the variety of traditions “will be a defining characteristic of the next twenty‐five years. The Latino community in the United States will be at the forefront of this change.” Bordas says that her “article looks at the influence Latinos will have in guiding the transformation to a multicultural and equitable society. I refer to this as Latino Destino—the unique contribution Latinos will make in creating our inclusive future.” She describes four factors that will make this a reality, which in her words are (1) Latino Destino will cultivate a humanistic society that takes care of its people. (2) Latino Destino will celebrate an inclusive multicultural society. (3) Latino Destino will bring together our global community. (4) Latino Destino will prepare a new generation of leaders. A leadership lesson is described within each factor. “For instance, in factor 1, she says that “Latinos determine people's worth on how they treat others.” In factor 2, “Inclusive leadership integrates the values and preferences of many cultures in a respectful and productive manner.” In factor 3, “Being bilingual is a great asset in our multicultural world.”
LEADERSHIP BLINDSPOTS
Authors: Goleman Daniel 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe author notes that leaders, and by extension businesses and other organizations, must take in information with deep understanding and be prepared for nimble responses. Yet this is hampered by what the author calls “blindspots,” which are “crucial aspects of organizational reality that leaders fail to see or to regard as important.” Goleman has done extensive work for years on emotional intelligence and notes that it “entails two varieties of a leader's attention: on one's self, and on others.” But he also raises a third level, that of the system in which a leader operates, and another area where blindspots can emerge. He points out hidden opportunities and writes about recent research on the concept of caste, and how it applies to the United States, and not just to countries like India. He asserts that leaders “must unveil and then lead efforts to overcome systemic bias in your organization, whether against African‐Americans, Hispanics, Asians, women, or others.” He also writes about leadership's roles and opportunities for dealing with our environmental crisis and the different approaches and awareness level of younger and older generations. “The final ingredient here,” Goleman writes, “will be innovation, that mark of agility.”
Unpacking the privacy paradox of consumers: A psychological perspective
Authors: Massara Francesco , Raggiotto Francesco , Voss W. Gregory 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis study explicates why consumers allow the unconditional collection and processing of personal data while doubting data privacy. A process model addressing this privacy paradox is consequently designed through multidisciplinary research. Altogether, two online studies concur that certain factors may mitigate the negative effect of risk perception concerning data privacy during the personal data disclosure process. Hence, we examine the impact of the privacy paradox based on the literature on mental accounting, which describes interactions between present and future costs and benefits. In this context, consumer behavior is deciphered via analysis of four key variables, namely, the mental accounting of privacy‐related risks, consumer involvement, type of perceived benefit regarding the specific purchase/transaction, and consumer familiarity.
One‐Step Preparation of Thermo‐Responsive Poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide)‐Based Block Copolymer Nanoparticles by Aqueous Photoinitiated Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly
Authors: He Jun , Lin Dongni , Chen Ying , Zhang Li , Tan Jianbo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPoly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) is an important thermo‐responsive polymer that finds applications in many areas. However, the preparation of PNIPAM‐based block copolymer nanoparticles with higher‐order morphologies at high solids is challenging. Herein, aqueous photoinitiated polymerization‐induced self‐assembly (photo‐PISA) of N‐isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) using an asymmetrical cross‐linker is developed for one‐step preparation of PNIPAM‐based block copolymer nanoparticles with various morphologies (spheres, worms, and vesicles). It is demonstrated that reaction temperature has a great effect on both polymerization kinetics and morphologies of block copolymer nanoparticles. Reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) reactive groups embedded inside the PNIPAM core provide a landscape for further functionalization. PNIPAM‐based block copolymer nanoparticles with different surface properties are prepared by seeded photo‐PISA at room temperature. Finally, these block copolymer nanoparticles are also used as additives to tune mechanical properties of hydrogels via covalent cross‐linking.
Elastoviscoplastic modelling with distorted isotaches and swelling for constant strain rate and incremental loading
Authors: Vergote Thomas A. , Leung C. F. , Chian S. C. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA novel elastoviscoplastic model is proposed to improve the modelling of the one‐dimensional unloading response of soils. Creep is modelled as an isotache process, but with the possibility to incorporate distortion of the isotaches after unloading. Upon unloading, swelling develops as a transient superimposed process that enables the sequential occurrence of swelling and creep as observed in experiments. The model features a flexible reference isotache to improve the fit to real laboratory tests. The model is implemented with full hydro‐mechanical coupling and enables simulation of both load‐controlled and strain rate‐controlled stress paths. The model is calibrated with a laboratory test with a complex stress path including constant rate of strain, incremental loading and relaxation stages.