bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract S02-03: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Barrett’s esophagus and esophago-gastric cancer
Authors: Turkington Richard C. , Lavery Anita , Donnelly David , Gavin Anna T. , McManus Damian T. , Cairnduff Victoria , McShane Charlene M. , Johnston Brian T. , Anderson Lesley A. , Coleman Helen G. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective The COVID-19 pandemic has placed an inexorable strain on endoscopy services worldwide, affecting the diagnosis of esophago-gastric (EG) cancer and Barrett’s esophagus (BE). As coronavirus infection rates rose many professional bodies advised that all endoscopy, except emergency and essential procedures, be stopped immediately. We sought to quantify the decline in EG cancer and BE diagnoses following implementation of British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) guidance related to COVID-19 and the psychosocial effects on BE patients. Methods We examined EG cancer and BE diagnoses in Northern Ireland from March-September 2020 and compared them with the three-year average number of patients during the same time period between 2017-2019 by utilizing Northern Ireland Cancer Registry (NICR) data. The psychosocial impact of COVID-19 was assessed using an online survey, which included validated WHOQOL-BREF and EQ-5D-5L quality of life measures, and was completed by 24 BE patients from April-May 2020. Results During the first six months of the pandemic the proportion of EG cancer and BE diagnoses declined by 26.6% and 59.3%, respectively, compared to expected levels. In April, BE diagnoses fell by 95.5% but by September, whilst EG cancer rates had returned to baseline, BE cases remained suppressed by approximately 20%. We estimate that these declines in diagnosis represent 53 ‘missed’ EG cancer and 236 ‘missed’ BE diagnoses. In the online survey sample, BE patients reported consistently lower quality of life scores than population norms, and highlighted a number of concerns with regard to their health and care. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in an abrupt decline in EG cancer and BE diagnoses and has profoundly impacted the wellbeing of BE patients. Our study represents the first report of the impact of COVID-19 on the diagnosis of BE. Strategies to mitigate the ongoing effects of the pandemic are urgently required to preserve the ability to rapidly detect and diagnose cancer and pre-malignant conditions.
Citation Format: Richard C. Turkington, Anita Lavery, David Donnelly, Anna T. Gavin, Damian T. McManus, Victoria Cairnduff, Charlene M. McShane, Brian T. Johnston, Lesley A. Anderson, Helen G. Coleman. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Barrett’s esophagus and esophago-gastric cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: COVID-19 and Cancer; 2021 Feb 3-5. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2021;27(6_Suppl):Abstract nr S02-03.
Abstract S03-02: Adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in cancer patients: The CAPTURE study
Authors: Au Lewis , Fendler Annika , Boos Laura Amanda , Byrnes Fiona , Shepherd Scott , Nicholson Emma , Kumar Scaheen , Yousaf Nadia , Wilkinson Katalin , Swerdlow Anthony , Harvey Ruth , Kassiotis George , Wilkinson Robert , Larkin James , Turajlic Samra 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
There is a pressing need to characterise the nature, extent and duration of immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in cancer patients, to inform risk-reduction strategies and preserve cancer outcomes. CAPTURE is a prospective, longitudinal cohort study of cancer patients and healthcare workers (HCWs) integrating immune profiles and clinical annotation. We evaluated 529 blood samples and 1051 oronasopharyngeal swabs from 144 cancer patients and 73 HCWs and correlated with &gt;200 clinical variables. In patients with solid cancers and HCWs, S1-reactive and neutralising antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 were detectable five months post-infection. In these participants, SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses were detected. CD4+ T-cell response correlated with S1 antibody levels. Patients with haematological malignancies had impaired but partially compensated immune responses, depending on malignancy and therapy. Overall, cancer stage, disease status, and therapies did not correlate with immune responses. These findings have implications for understanding individual risks and potential effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in this population.
Citation Format: Lewis Au, Annika Fendler, Laura Amanda Boos, Fiona Byrnes, Scott Shepherd, Emma Nicholson, Scaheen Kumar, Nadia Yousaf, Katalin Wilkinson, Anthony Swerdlow, Ruth Harvey, George Kassiotis, Robert Wilkinson, James Larkin, Samra Turajlic. Adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in cancer patients: The CAPTURE study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: COVID-19 and Cancer; 2021 Feb 3-5. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2021;27(6_Suppl):Abstract nr S03-02.
Abstract S05-02: Plant viral nanoparticle-based adjuvants for cancer immunotherapy and COVID-19 vaccines
Authors: Steinmetz Nicole F. , Pokorski Jonathan K. , Fiering Steven N. , Hoopes P. Jack , Shukla Sourabh , Ortega-Rivera Oscar A. , King Steven , Empig Cyril J. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Plant virus nanoparticles are recognized as a platform technology for potential applications in nanomedicine. While non-infectious toward mammals, many plant virus nanoparticles are recognized by the immune system and act as potent adjuvants, both in the classical setting of vaccination and cancer immunotherapy. In the context of cancer immunotherapy, we have demonstrated potent efficacy of plant virus, particularly cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) when applied intratumorally; CPMV signals through and activates multiple toll-like receptors, which primes a potent innate immune activation leading to reprogramming of the tumor microenvironment from an immunosuppressed to immune-activated state. Data in mouse models of melanoma, colon cancer, ovarian cancer, glioma, and breast cancer demonstrate potent efficacy through priming of the innate immune system leading to adaptive and systemic anti-tumor immunity and most importantly immune memory. Efficacy was also replicated in canine patients with melanoma. Given the promise of the plant virus nanotechnology as an adjuvant for cancer immunotherapy, we also have begun to utilize the technology as a vaccination platform for the generation of COVID-19 vaccine candidates. We formulated multivalent COVID-19 vaccine candidates using plant virus nanoparticles displaying SARS-CoV-2 S protein peptide B cell epitopes. The plant virus nanoparticle confers efficient lymphatic trafficking and targeting of antigen-presenting cells; the adjuvant properties of the nanotechnology lead to robust antibody levels against the target, S protein. While other vaccine candidates have advanced through clinical testing, our approach has unique advantages: The high thermal and pH stability of the plant virus nanotechnology alleviates cold chain requirements; further, the stability of the platform technology enables its integration into vaccine delivery devices such as microneedle patches that can be shipped globally and be self-administered. In this presentation, we will discuss our data on the cancer immunotherapy and highlight the potential to pivot the technology for infectious disease vaccines with unique attributes. This work was funded in part through grants from the National Cancer Institute (U01CA218292) and National Science Foundation (RAPID CMMI-2027668).
Citation Format: Nicole F. Steinmetz, Jonathan K. Pokorski, Steven N. Fiering, P. Jack Hoopes, Sourabh Shukla, Oscar A. Ortega-Rivera, Steven King, Cyril J. Empig. Plant viral nanoparticle-based adjuvants for cancer immunotherapy and COVID-19 vaccines [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: COVID-19 and Cancer; 2021 Feb 3-5. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2021;27(6_Suppl):Abstract nr S05-02.
Abstract S06-04: Telehealth experiences of adolescent and young adult cancer patients and survivors during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Mann Karely , Waters Austin R. , Vaca Lopez Perla L. , Warner Echo L. , Ou Judy , Kaddas Heydon , Ramsay Joemy , Ray Nicole , Tsukamoto Tomoko , Fair Douglas B. , Letourneau Joseph M. , Lewis Mark A. , Gill David , Linder Lauri , Kirchhoff Anne C. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To describe adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patients’ and survivors’ experiences with telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Eligible participants were identified through the Huntsman Intermountain Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Care Program, which provides age-specific programming and patient navigation to AYA cancer patients and survivors in Utah and surrounding Mountain West states. Participants were emailed an online survey if they were currently age 18 or older and had been diagnosed with cancer between the ages of 15-39 years. We applied descriptive statistics to summarize demographics, comfortability with technology, access to reliable internet connection, and perceived quality of care while using telehealth. Results: AYAs (N=280) were an average of 29.4 years old at survey (range 18-58); 65.2% were female and 82.4% non-Hispanic white. Over half (54.2%) had received cancer treatment since March 2020. All participants reported owning a computer, tablet, and/or smart phone they could use for telehealth appointments. The majority (93.5%) reported almost always or always having a reliable internet connection. AYAs felt most comfortable having a telehealth appointment in their own home (96.4%); only 12.5% felt comfortable using telehealth at work. Since March 2020, (N=183) 65.4% had a health care visit moved to a telehealth platform due to COVID-19. Of those who recently moved to telehealth, 60.1% had an oncology visit, 33.9% had a primary care visit, and 31.1% had a mental health visit. Additionally over one-third (35.2%) reported the quality of their medical care had decreased since moving to telehealth. This was most commonly due to 1) troubles with audio, video, or connecting through telehealth platforms; 2) telehealth visits feeling impersonal; and 3) feeling that providers more easily dismissed or did not fully address their symptoms. Conclusions: Although AYAs are digital natives, over one-third of AYAs feel the quality of their medical care has decreased since moving to telehealth for COVID-19. Further research should explore medical provider training in using telehealth systems and encourage telehealth practices that help AYAs feel more supported and understood.
Citation Format: Karely Mann, Austin R. Waters, Perla L. Vaca Lopez, Echo L. Warner, Judy Ou, Heydon Kaddas, Joemy Ramsay, Nicole Ray, Tomoko Tsukamoto, Douglas B. Fair, Joseph M. Letourneau, Mark A. Lewis, David Gill, Lauri Linder, Anne C. Kirchhoff. Telehealth experiences of adolescent and young adult cancer patients and survivors during the COVID-19 pandemic [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: COVID-19 and Cancer; 2021 Feb 3-5. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2021;27(6_Suppl):Abstract nr S06-04.
Cardiac and Noncardiac Disease Burden and Treatment Effect of Sacubitril/Valsartan
Authors: Rohde Luis E. , Claggett Brian L. , Wolsk Emil , Packer Milton , Zile Michael , Swedberg Karl , Rouleau Jean , Pfeffer Marc A. , Desai Akshay S. , Lund Lars H. , Kober Lars , Anand Inder , Merkely Bela , Senni Michele , Shi Victor , Rizkala Adel , Lefkowitz Martin , McMurray John J.V. , Solomon Scott D. 
Published: March 2021

Background:
The net clinical benefit of cardiac disease-modifying drugs might be influenced by the interaction of different domains of disease burden. We assessed the relative contribution of cardiac, comorbid, and demographic factors in heart failure (HF) and how their interplay might influence HF prognosis and efficacy of sacubitril/valsartan across the spectrum of left ventricular ejection fraction.

Methods:
We combined data from 2 global trials that evaluated the efficacy of sacubitril/valsartan compared with a renin-angiotensin antagonist in symptomatic HF patients (PARADIGM-HF [Prospective Comparison of Angiotensin Receptor Neprilysin Inhibitor With an Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor to Determine Impact on Global Mortality and Morbidity in Heart Failure; n=8399] and PARAGON-HF [Prospective Comparison of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor With Angiotensin Receptors Blockers Global Outcomes in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction; n=4796]). We decomposed the previously validated Meta-Analysis Global Group in Chronic Heart Failure risk score into cardiac (left ventricular ejection fraction, New York Heart Association class, blood pressure, time since HF diagnosis, HF medications), noncardiac comorbid (body mass index, creatinine, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, smoking), and demographic (age, gender) categories. Based on these domains, an index representing the balance of cardiac to noncardiac comorbid burden was created (cardiac-comorbid index). Clinical outcomes were time to first HF hospitalization or cardiovascular deaths and all-cause mortality.

Results:

Higher scores of the cardiac domain were observed in PARADIGM-HF (10 [7–13] versus 5 [3–6],
P
<0.001) and higher scores of the demographic domain in PARAGON-HF (10 [8–13] versus 5 [2–9],
P
<0.001). In PARADIGM-HF, the contribution of the cardiac domain to clinical outcomes was greater than the noncardiac domain (
P
<0.001), while in PARAGON-HF the attributable risk of the comorbid and demographic categories predominated. Individual scores from each sub-domain were linearly associated with the risk of clinical outcomes (
P
<0.001). Beneficial effects of sacubitril/valsartan were observed in patients with preponderance of cardiac over noncardiac comorbid burden (cardiac-comorbid index >5 points), suggesting a significant treatment effect modification (interaction
P
<0.05 for both outcomes).

Conclusions:
Domains of disease burden are clinically relevant features that influence the prognosis and treatment of patients with HF. The therapeutic benefits of sacubitril/valsartan vary according to the balance of components of disease burden, across different ranges of left ventricular ejection fraction.
Perioperative Complications of Surgery for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: A Comparison Between 3 Procedures
Authors: Mesregah Mohamed Kamal , Formanek Blake , Liu John C. , Buser Zorica , Wang Jeffrey C. 
Published: March 2021

Study Design: Retrospective comparative study. Objectives: To compare the perioperative complications of propensity score-matched cohorts of patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM), who were treated with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), posterior laminectomy with fusion, or laminoplasty. Methods: The Humana PearlDiver Patient Record Database was queried using the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9 and ICD-10) and the Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes. Propensity score-matched analysis was done using multiple Chi-squared tests with Bonferroni correction of the significance level. Results: Cohorts of 11,790 patients who had ACDF, 2,257 patients who had posterior laminectomy with fusion, and 477 patients who had laminoplasty, were identified. After propensity score matching, all the 3 groups included 464 patients. The incidence of dysphagia increased significantly following ACDF compared to laminoplasty, P < 0.001, and in laminectomy with fusion compared to laminoplasty, P < 0.001. The incidence of new-onset cervicalgia was higher in ACDF compared to laminoplasty, P = 0.005, and in laminectomy with fusion compared to laminoplasty, P = 0.004. The incidence of limb paralysis increased significantly in laminectomy with fusion compared to ACDF, P = 0.002. The revision rate at 1 year increased significantly in laminectomy with fusion compared to laminoplasty, P < 0.001, and in ACDF compared to laminoplasty, P < 0.001. Conclusions: The incidence of dysphagia following laminectomy with fusion was not different compared to ACDF. Postoperative new-onset cervicalgia and revisions were least common in laminoplasty. The highest rate of postoperative limb paralysis was noticed in laminectomy with fusion.
Misdiagnosed thrombocytopenia in children and adolescents: analysis of the Pediatric and Adult Registry on Chronic ITP
Authors: Schifferli Alexandra , Heiri Andrea , Imbach Paul , Holzhauer Susanne , Seidel Markus G. , Nugent Diane , Michel Marc , Kühne Thomas 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) in children is a diagnosis of exclusion, but cases of secondary ITP and nonimmune thrombocytopenia (non-IT) are generally difficult to recognize in a timely fashion. We describe a pediatric population with a revised diagnosis of secondary ITP or non-IT within 24 months of follow-up. Data were extracted from the Pediatric and Adult Registry on Chronic ITP, an international multicenter registry collecting data prospectively in patients with newly diagnosed primary ITP. Between 2004 and 2019, a total of 3974 children aged 3 months to 16 years were included. Secondary ITP and non-IT were reported in 113 patients (63 female subjects). Infectious (n = 53) and autoimmune (n = 42) diseases were identified as the main causes, with median ages at diagnosis of 3.2 years (interquartile range: 1.2; 6.7 years) and 12.4 years (interquartile range: 7.6; 13.7 years), respectively. Other causes included malignancies, aplastic anemia, immunodeficiency, and drug use. Patients with malignancy and aplastic anemia had significantly higher initial platelet counts (37 and 52 × 109/L) than did those with infection or autoimmune diseases (12 and 13 × 109/L). Characteristics of patients with secondary ITP due to infection were similar to those of children with primary ITP at first presentation, indicating similar mechanisms. Significant differences were found for age, sex, comorbidities, initial bleeding, sustained need for treatment, and disease persistence for the remaining noninfectious group compared with primary ITP. Based on our findings, we propose a diagnostic algorithm that may serve as a basis for further discussion and prospective trials.
Autologous stem cell transplantation after anti-PD-1 therapy for multiply relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Merryman Reid W. , Redd Robert A. , Nishihori Taiga , Chavez Julio , Nieto Yago , Darrah Justin M. , Rao Uttam , Byrne Michael T. , Bond David A. , Maddocks Kami J. , Spinner Michael A. , Advani Ranjana H. , Ballard Hatcher J. , Svoboda Jakub , Singh Anurag K. , McGuirk Joseph P. , Modi Dipenkumar , Ramchandren Radhakrishnan , Romancik Jason , Cohen Jonathon B. , Frigault Matthew J. , Chen Yi-Bin , Serritella Anthony V. , Kline Justine , Ansell Stephen , Nathan Sunita , Rahimian Maryam , Joyce Robin M. , Shah Mansi , David Kevin A. , Park Steven , Beaven Anne W. , Habib Alma , Bachanova Veronika , Nakhoda Shazia , Khan Nadia , Lynch Ryan C. , Smith Stephen D. , Ho Vincent T. , LaCasce Ann , Armand Philippe , Herrera Alex F. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) can be curative for patients with relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Based on studies suggesting that anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can sensitize patients to subsequent chemotherapy, we hypothesized that anti-PD-1 therapy before ASCT would result in acceptable outcomes among high-risk patients who progressed on or responded insufficiently to ≥1 salvage regimen, including chemorefractory patients who are traditionally considered poor ASCT candidates. We retrospectively identified 78 HL patients who underwent ASCT after receiving an anti-PD-1 mAb (alone or in combination) as third-line or later therapy across 22 centers. Chemorefractory disease was common, including 42 patients (54%) refractory to ≥2 consecutive systemic therapies immediately before anti-PD-1 treatment. Fifty-eight (74%) patients underwent ASCT after anti-PD-1 treatment, while 20 patients (26%) received additional therapy after PD-1 blockade and before ASCT. Patients received a median of 4 systemic therapies (range, 3-7) before ASCT, and 31 patients (41%) had a positive pre-ASCT positron emission tomography (PET) result. After a median post-ASCT follow-up of 19.6 months, the 18-month progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival were 81% (95% CI, 69-89) and 96% (95% confidence interval [CI], 87-99), respectively. Favorable outcomes were observed for patients who were refractory to 2 consecutive therapies immediately before PD-1 blockade (18-month PFS, 78%), had a positive pre-ASCT PET (18-month PFS, 75%), or received ≥4 systemic therapies before ASCT (18-month PFS, 73%), while PD-1 nonresponders had inferior outcomes (18-month PFS, 51%). In this high-risk cohort, ASCT after anti-PD-1 therapy was associated with excellent outcomes, even among heavily pretreated, previously chemorefractory patients.
Safety and reactogenicity of the recombinant zoster vaccine after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation
Authors: Baumrin Emily , Izaguirre Natalie E. , Bausk Bruce , Feeley Monica M. , Bay Camden P. , Yang Qiheng , Ho Vincent T. , Baden Lindsey R. , Issa Nicolas C. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) recipients are at increased risk for varicella zoster virus (VZV) reactivation and associated complications. A nonlive adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) has been developed to prevent herpes zoster (HZ), but there are no recommendations for use in this population. In this single-center prospective observational cohort study, we assessed the safety and reactogenicity of RZV, as well as incidence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and confirmed cases of HZ after vaccination. Between December of 2018 and June of 2020, patients aged ≥18 years received 2 doses of RZV between 9 and 24 months after HCT, with the doses separated by ≥8 weeks. One hundred and fifty-eight patients (mean age, 55 years; 42% women) received ≥1 dose (total vaccinated cohort), and 150 patients (95%) received 2 doses (modified total vaccinated cohort). Solicited reactions occurred in 92.1% of patients (grade 3, 32.5%), owing mostly to injection site pain, which occurred in 86% (grade 3, 16%). The cumulative incidence of GVHD in the peri-vaccination period was no different than in historical controls (adjusted incidence rate ratio, 1.05; 95% confidence interval, 0.8-1.38). There were 4 cases of HZ in the total vaccinated cohort (2.5%) and 3 cases in the modified total vaccinated cohort (28.3/1000 person-years). Among recipients of allogeneic HCT, RZV was safe, tolerable, and did not increase rates of GVHD. Future clinical trials are needed to determine the immunogenicity and efficacy of RZV in this population.