bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Through the Looking Glass: Remote Versus In‐Person Videotaped Neurologic Assessment of Essential Tremor
Authors: Newton Danielle , McGurn Margaret , Hernandez Daniella I. , Hernandez Nora C. , Elkurd Mazen , Louis Elan D. 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundRemote assessment of essential tremor (ET) is unverified.ObjectivesTo compare assigned tremor scores from a remote videotaped research protocol with those from an in‐person videotaped research protocol and assess the validity of remote and in‐person videotape‐based diagnoses when compared against the intake diagnosis (ET vs. control).MethodsParticipants with intake diagnoses of ET (11) or controls (15) completed a tremor examination that was filmed both remotely and in person.ResultsAgreement between the tremor ratings assigned during remote and in‐person videos was substantial (composite κw, 0.67; mean Gwet's AC2 score, 0.92; mean percent agreement, 63.7%). In ET cases with less severe tremor, agreement was lower (p = 0.008). Diagnostic validity was high for both remote and in‐person videos compared to the intake diagnosis.ConclusionsRemote video is a reasonable alternative to in‐person video for the assessment of tremor severity and assignment of ET diagnoses. However, at low tremor amplitudes, agreement declines.
The free flap man: An heroic 50‐year odyssey via multiple flaps
Authors: Hallock Geoffrey G. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMost lower extremity challenges can be solved by a solitary free flap. Yet if multiple wounds exist in a single extremity, or if bilateral extremities are involved, then multiple free flaps by necessity may be required to preserve ambulatory capabilities. Even rarer is their need in a sequential fashion. Thus is the uniqueness of this steelworker who at the young age of 23 sustained bilateral foot and ankle molten steel immersion injuries, initially salvaged by skin grafts virtually directly on bone. Over the next 50 years there were repeated episodes of graft instability that required five different free flaps to provide stable soft tissue coverage. Amputation was avoided, allowing minimal interruption at work as a bus driver until retirement. This patient's long journey was only possible due to the virtue of persistence, proving the value of that trait inherent within the true microvascular surgeon. It should be no wonder that appropriately this is the “free flap man.”
A qualitative study on a novel peer collaboration care programme during the first COVID‐19 outbreak: A SWOT analysis
Authors: Baez‐Leon Carmen , Palacios‐Ceña Domingo , Fernandez‐de‐las‐Peñas Cesar , Velarde‐García Juan Francisco , Rodríguez‐Martínez Mª Ángeles , Arribas‐Cobo Patricia 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe pandemic has forced nursing teams to incorporate new programmes that modify the organization of care and the use of material resources.AimsThe purpose of this study was to describe the perspectives of the nursing team about the strengths/opportunities and weaknesses/threats of a novel peer collaboration care programme during the first outbreak of the pandemic.DesignA qualitative case study with focus groups was conducted in June 2020.MethodsWe included 23 participants (seven nurses, seven assistant nursing care technicians and nine charge nurses). Thematic and strengths/opportunities and weaknesses/threats analysis were performed.ResultsThe strengths of the peer collaboration care programme are the optimization of care and protective equipment. Its weaknesses are that veteran nurses carry the entire burden, and the lack of personal protective equipment makes it difficult to implement the peer collaboration care programme. Finally, misinformation, lack of facilities and time to teach the peer collaboration care programme are considered threats.ConclusionThis strengths/opportunities and weaknesses/threats analysis has led to a comprehensive new project to improve the nursing care.ImpactThe incorporation of the peer collaboration care programme contributed to the development of new organizational and management programmes for the COVID‐19 pandemic. This study has gave empirical evidence to nurses and care managers to optimize and organize care, work, human and material resources during the pandemic.
Positive predictive value and sensitivity of ICD‐9‐CM codes for identifying pediatric leukemia
Authors: Weinmann Sheila , Francisco Melanie C. , Kwan Marilyn L. , Bowles Erin J. A. , Rahm Alanna Kulchak , Greenlee Robert T. , Stout Natasha K. , Pole Jason D. , Kushi Lawrence H. , Smith‐Bindman Rebecca , Miglioretti Diana L. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundTo facilitate community‐based epidemiologic studies of pediatric leukemia, we validated use of ICD‐9‐CM diagnosis codes to identify pediatric leukemia cases in electronic medical records of six U.S. integrated health plans from 1996–2015 and evaluated the additional contributions of procedure codes for diagnosis/treatment.ProceduresSubjects (N = 408) were children and adolescents born in the health systems and enrolled for at least 120 days after the date of the first leukemia ICD‐9‐CM code or tumor registry diagnosis. The gold standard was the health system tumor registry and/or medical record review. We calculated positive predictive value (PPV) and sensitivity by number of ICD‐9‐CM codes received in the 120‐day period following and including the first code. We evaluated whether adding chemotherapy and/or bone marrow biopsy/aspiration procedure codes improved PPV and/or sensitivity.ResultsRequiring receipt of one or more codes resulted in 99% sensitivity (95% confidence interval [CI]: 98–100%) but poor PPV (70%; 95% CI: 66–75%). Receipt of two or more codes improved PPV to 90% (95% CI: 86–93%) with 96% sensitivity (95% CI: 93–98%). Requiring at least four codes maximized PPV (95%; 95% CI: 92–98%) without sacrificing sensitivity (93%; 95% CI: 89–95%). Across health plans, PPV for four codes ranged from 84–100% and sensitivity ranged from 83–95%. Including at least one code for a bone marrow procedure or chemotherapy treatment had minimal impact on PPV or sensitivity.ConclusionsThe use of diagnosis codes from the electronic health record has high PPV and sensitivity for identifying leukemia in children and adolescents if more than one code is required.
Measuring transition readiness in adolescents and young adults with sickle cell disease using the transition readiness assessment questionnaire
Authors: Oberoi Anjali R. , Patterson Alyssa , Sobota Amy 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackground/objectivesAdolescents and young adults (AYA) with sickle cell disease (SCD) face challenges related to the disease and its treatment. The Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire (TRAQ) is a self‐report tool for assessing transition readiness for youth with special health care needs (YSHCN), including SCD. This study uses the TRAQ to understand transition readiness in patients with SCD treated at the Boston Medical Center and evaluates associations between TRAQ scores and transition outcomes (e.g., emergency department reliance [EDr] and emergency department utilization [EDu]).MethodsWe reviewed electronic medical records of AYA with SCD who completed the TRAQ in the pediatric hematology clinic between January 1, 2019, and March 1, 2020, and categorized healthcare encounters to calculate EDu and EDr. We used t tests and ANOVA models to analyze mean TRAQ scores, sex, age, genotype, EDu, and EDr.ResultsThe sample was 45 AYA patients with SCD between 13 and 22 years old. The mean TRAQ score for the overall patient sample was 3.67. Mean TRAQ scores did not significantly vary by sex or genotype but did significantly increase with age. TRAQ scores did not correlate to EDu or EDr.ConclusionsAYA patients with SCD have low transition readiness. The age of 18 may not be the most reliable attribute of readiness, though older patients do have higher readiness. The relationship between TRAQ scores, EDr, and EDu is not clear and requires further evaluation.
Low‐velocity impact damage tolerance of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene/carbon fiber laminates under prestress
Authors: Hu Yuan , Shi Yaoyao , Liu Dongsheng , Zhang Junfeng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis article provides a comprehensive understanding of the influence mechanism of prestress on the low‐velocity impact behavior and damage tolerance of carbon fiber‐reinforced polymer composite laminate toughened with ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber. Two kinds of prestress: uniaxial tension and uniaxial compression, were loaded by an innovative preloading apparatus, which has been patented with the number CN110426278A. Central composite design was adopted to design drop‐weight impact test matrix considering both impact energy and preloading two factors. After the low‐velocity impact test, residual bending stiffness and tension after impact (TAI) strength of the impacted laminates were tested. It was observed that the residual bending modulus and TAI strength of the impact specimens under preloading were higher than those without prestress. Through‐the‐thickness distribution of internal damage obtained by X‐ray scanning and electron microscope analysis, together with fracture toughness analysis, were employed to explain the experimental findings and relevant mechanisms.
Synthesis, mechanical, and flammability properties of metal hydroxide reinforced polymer composites: A review
Authors: Mochane Mokgaotsa J. , Mokhothu Thabang Hendrica , Mokhena Teboho Clement 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBurning of plastics present a serious problem for both our health and safety when applied in advanced applications. Based on the above argument, there is need to enhance the flammability resistance of polymers in order to meet the required flammability standards. Various flame‐retardant fillers are incorporated into polymers in order to provide a protection against heat into the system and inhibit the diffusion of volatile materials out of the polymer composite system. Different flame‐retardant fillers including phosphorus‐based materials, carbon‐based flame retardants, and inorganic hydrated flame‐retardant fillers have been added into polymers in order to improve the flame retardancy of the plastics. Amongst the abovementioned flame‐retardant fillers, inorganic hydrated fillers have gained popularity, especially magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) due its high heat absorption capacity, less smoke release, and non‐toxic, as a result environmentally friendly flame‐retardant filler. However, an effective content of magnesium hydroxide for better flammability retardancy is approximately 60 wt%, which happens to deteriorate the mechanical properties of the magnesium hydroxide/polymer composites. In order to try and compensate for reduction in mechanical properties and improve the flame retardancy of the composites at the same time, magnesium hydroxide is incorporated with another flame‐retardant fillers. This review article covers an in‐depth discussion on the effect of magnesium hydroxide modification, synergistic effect with other fillers, particle size of the magnesium hydroxide, and the effect of compatibilizer(s) on both mechanical and flammability properties of magnesium hydroxide reinforced polymer composites.
Functional antibody characterization via direct structural analysis and information‐driven protein–protein docking
Authors: Depetris Rafael S. , Lu Dan , Polonskaya Zhanna , Zhang Zhikai , Luna Xenia , Tankard Amari , Kolahi Pegah , Drummond Michael , Williams Chris , Ebert Maximilian C. C. J. C. , Patel Jeegar P. , Poyurovsky Masha V. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDetailed description of the mechanism of action of the therapeutic antibodies is essential for the functional characterization and future optimization of potential clinical agents. We recently developed KD035, a fully human antibody targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2). KD035 blocked VEGF‐A, and VEGF‐C‐mediated VEGFR2 activation, as demonstrated by the in vitro binding and competition assays and functional cellular assays. Here, we report a computational model of the complex between the variable fragment of KD035 (KD035(Fv)) and the domains 2 and 3 of the extracellular portion of VEGFR2 (VEGFR2(D2‐3)). Our modeling was guided by a priori experimental information including the X‐ray structures of KD035 and related antibodies, binding assays, target domain mapping and comparison of KD035 affinity for VEGFR2 from different species. The accuracy of the model was assessed by molecular dynamics simulations, and subsequently validated by mutagenesis and binding analysis. Importantly, the steps followed during the generation of this model can set a precedent for future in silico efforts aimed at the accurate description of the antibody–antigen and more broadly protein–protein complexes.
Bioproduction of (Z,E)‐9,12‐tetradecadienyl acetate (ZETA), the major pheromone component of Plodia, Ephestia, and Spodoptera species in yeast
Authors: Ding Bao‐Jian , Wang Hong‐Lei , Al‐Saleh Mohammed Ali , Löfstedt Christer , Antony Binu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBACKGROUND(Z,E)‐9,12‐tetradecadienyl acetate (ZETA, Z9,E12‐14:OAc) is a major sex pheromone component for many stored‐product moth species. This pheromone is used worldwide for mating disruption, detection, monitoring, and mass trapping in raw and processed food storage facilities. In this study, we demonstrate the biological production of ZETA pheromone by engineered yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.RESULTSWe mined the pheromone gland transcriptome data of the almond moth, Ephestia (Cadra) cautella (Walker), to trace a novel E12 fatty acyl desaturase and expressed candidates heterologously in yeast and Sf9 systems. Furthermore, we demonstrated a tailor‐made ZETA pheromone bioproduction in yeast through metabolic engineering using this E12 desaturase, in combination with three genes from various sources coding for a Z9 desaturase, a fatty acyl reductase, and an acetyltransferase, respectively. Electrophysiological assays (gas chromatography coupled to an electroantennographic detector) proved that the transgenic yeast‐produced ZETA pheromone component elicits distinct antennal responses.CONCLUSIONThe reconstructed biosynthetic pathway in yeast efficiently produces ZETA pheromone, leaves an undetectable level of biosynthetic intermediates, and paves the way for the economically competitive high‐demand ZETA pheromone's bioproduction technology for high‐value storage pest control.
Magneto‐Optical Sensing Beyond the Shot Noise Limit
Authors: Pai Yun‐Yi , Marvinney Claire E. , Hua Chengyun , Pooser Raphael C. , Lawrie Benjamin J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMagneto‐optical sensors including spin noise spectroscopies and magneto‐optical Kerr effect microscopies are now ubiquitous tools for materials characterization that can provide new understanding of spin dynamics, hyperfine interactions, spin‐orbit interactions, and charge‐carrier g‐factors. Both interferometric and intensity‐difference measurements can provide photon‐shot‐noise‐limited sensitivity, but further improvements in sensitivity with classical resources require either increased laser power that can induce unwanted heating and electronic perturbations or increased measurement times that can obscure out‐of‐equilibrium dynamics and slow experimental throughput. Proof‐of‐principle measurements have already demonstrated quantum enhanced spin noise measurements with a squeezed readout field that are likely to be critical to the nonperturbative characterization of spin excitations in quantum materials that emerge at low temperatures. Here, a truncated nonlinear interferometric readout for low‐temperature magneto‐optical Kerr effect and related magneto‐optical microscopies that is accessible with today's quantum optical resources is proposed. 10 sensitivity is achievable with optical power as small as 1 µW. As a result, measurements may be performed at temperatures as low as 83 mK in commercially available dilution refrigerators. This combination of high sensitivity and low operating temperature is impossible to achieve with any classical measurement. The quantum advantage for the proposed measurements persists even in the limit of large loss and small squeezing parameters.
Sharpness of the phase transition for parking on random trees
Authors: Contat Alice 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRecently, a phase transition phenomenon has been established for parking on random trees. We extend the results of Curien and Hénard on general Bienaymé–Galton–Watson trees and allow different car arrival distributions depending on the vertex outdegrees. We then prove that this phase transition is sharp by establishing a large deviations result for the flux of exiting cars. This has consequences on the offcritical geometry of clusters of parked spots which displays similarities with the classical Erdős–Renyi random graph model.
Teacher enactment of the crosscutting concepts in next generation science classrooms
Authors: Marckwordt Jasmine , Nguyen Kimberly , Z. Boxerman Jonathan , Iveland Ashley 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis exploratory qualitative study examined science teacher enactment of crosscutting concepts (CCCs), a core aspect of Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) three‐dimensional learning, which also includes disciplinary core ideas and science and engineering practices (SEPs). We collected naturalistic observational and interview data from 13 California teachers involved in a major NGSS implementation initiative and analyzed this data by applying four roles of the CCCs in instruction as described by Rivet et al. (2016). The roles these conceptual resources play are: lens, bridge, tool, and rules of the game. Using this schema, we provide thick description of teachers' different purposes for, modes of, and challenges in using CCCs in their instruction. Naturalistic observations provided information about how teachers were using CCCs in their classrooms while interview data revealed the opportunities and challenges teachers perceived in CCC enactment, both of which are little addressed within the emerging body of CCC research. Teachers received extensive professional development (PD) on the NGSS but nevertheless identified CCC enactment as particularly challenging. For this reason, we suggest the four roles of the CCCs, which were indeed reflected in our data set, could be a helpful framework for making the CCCs more accessible and understandable to teachers, and thus more likely to be incorporated into everyday science instruction to enhance student learning. We envision future use of this framework as an epistemic heuristic having the potential to bring more clarity to CCC enactment for researchers, teachers, curriculum developers, and PD providers.
Same‐sex marriage laws, LGBT hate crimes, and employment discrimination charges
Authors: Nikolaou Dimitrios 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe impact of same‐sex marriage laws on the victimization of sexual minorities has not received much attention in the literature. Using state‐level panel data within a difference‐in‐differences framework, I examine how the legalization of same‐sex marriage affects hate crimes. The results show that same‐sex marriage laws decrease sexual orientation‐motivated hate crimes, with stronger effects on gay men. This is consistent with the laws increasing tolerance toward and acceptance of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender individuals, further supported by complementary analysis from Google Trends data. This is also the first study to examine the effects of marriage equality on allegations of employment discrimination due to sexual orientation based on information from the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. The findings support that marriage equality laws have an additional beneficial effect: the laws not only decrease hate crimes, but they also decrease the incidence of employment discrimination (at worst, the laws do not affect discriminatory practices).
Notes on the genus Exostema (Rubiaceae), its limits and sectional subdivision
Authors: Greuter Werner , Rankin‐Rodríguez Rosa 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBased on recent molecular work by Paudyal & al., the generic limits of the Neotropical woody genus Exostema are reassessed with a view of making them more compatible with traditional, morphology‐based generic concepts. A wide circumscription is favoured, congruent with Paudyal & al.'s “clade B” (the Exostema‐Solenandra‐Coutarea‐Hintonia group). Thus defined, Exostema is a genus with 40 species and five natural sections and incorporates three generic splits that were proposed by Paudyal & al. To minimise nomenclatural disruption, a proposal to conserve the name Exostema Rich. against Coutarea Aubl. has been presented separately. Two new combinations at sectional rank are proposed.
A Chord Recognition Method of Guitar Sound Using Its Constituent Tone Information
Authors: Bando Yoshifumi , Tanaka Motoshi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA simple method for identifying musical chords of audio sound played by a guitar is proposed herein. The chord recognition is achieved by comparing similarities between normalized note numbers extracted from the spectrum of the sound and those generated by a database. The database consists of normalized note numbers corresponding to the fundamental frequency of the chord notes, and the database of the chords with different root is shared. The database of five types of the chords were prepared; Major triad, Minor triad, Major seventh, Minor seventh, and Dominant seventh chords. The name of the chord is determined by the root played. Over 800 sounds of the chords played with electric guitars were tested, and the recognition rate showed good performance, which indicates the feasibility of this method. © 2021 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Tumor suppressor LHX6 upregulation contributes to the inhibitory effect of miR‐346 knockdown on colorectal cancer cell growth
Authors: Li Xianzhe , Zhou Yeqi , Wen Penghao , Yuan Yan , Xiao Zhenghong , Shi Hengwei , Zhou Hailang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the prevalent types of human malignancies and ranks as the second leading cause of cancer‐associated death worldwide. Dysregulated miRNAs have been promulgated as oncogenes or tumor‐suppressive genes participating in the initiation and progression of CRC. A recent study reported that miR‐346 was highly expressed in CRC patients. However, the biological role and underlying mechanism of miR‐346 in CRC remain elusive. qRT‐PCR and western blot assays were employed to detect miR‐346 and LIM homeobox domain 6 (LHX6) expression in CRC cells. Cell proliferation was evaluated by CCK‐8 and BrdU assays. Apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL assay. The interaction between miR‐346 and LHX6 was assessed by luciferase reporter assay. Results showed that miR‐346 expression was increased and LHX6 expression was reduced in CRC cells. miR‐346 knockdown and LHX6 overexpression inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of CRC cells. Additionally, we found that miR‐346 negatively regulated LHX6 expression in CRC cells by directly targeting LHX6. LHX6 knockdown partially attenuated anti‐miR‐346‐induced proliferation reduction and apoptosis promotion in CRC cells. Furthermore, miR‐346 knockdown inhibited the protein kinase B (Akt)/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in CRC cells by targeting LHX6. The present study indicated that miR‐346 knockdown repressed cell growth in CRC cells by upregulating LHX6, and this was associated with inactivation of the Akt/mTOR pathway.