bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Results of Periosteal Transplantation in Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Knee
Authors: Madsen Bjørn L , Noer Hans Henrik , Carstensen Jan P , Nørmark Finn 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Between 1986 and 1991, a total of 18 patients (11 men and 7 women) with osteochondritis dissecans of the knee were treated with periosteal transplantation. Median patient age was 19 years (range: 1 6-45 years). Eight patients were reoperated up to 8 years postoperatively, due to reduced range of motion, synovitis, or formation of an exostosis in the transplanted area. Of 14 patients who were available for follow-up after 8 years (range: 5-10), 2 were completely pain free. Six patients had reduced range of motion, knee instability, or quadriceps muscle atrophy. The number of reoperations and the presence of continued knee pain in most patients does not justify the extensive procedure of periosteal transplantation.
Rotator Cuff Tears and Associated Nerve Injuries
Authors: Brown Treg D , Newton Peter M , Steinmann Scott P , Levine William N , Bigliani Louis U 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A series of 15 patients with concomitant rotator cuff tears and infraclavicular brachial plexus injuries treated between 1 980 and 1 989 were reviewed. There were 6 men and 9 women with a mean age of 65 years. Seventeen nerve injuries were identified, including 12 axillary nerves, 4 suprascapular nerves, and 1 musculocutaneous nerve. One patient had an injury to all three nerves. Thirteen patients underwent operative repair of the torn rotator cuff, and 2 patients who refused surgery were treated conservatively. The average time from injury to surgery was 7.7 months.
Follow-up averaged 5.5 years (range: 2-10 years). Clinical results were graded according to pain, range of motion, and strength. Postoperatively, mean active forward elevation was 1 37° and mean active external rotation was 40°. Clinically, 8 patients achieved complete nerve recovery and 7 had an incomplete recovery. Satisfactory pain relief was achieved in 87% of patients with 60% having excellent or good function. Overall, the results of rotator cuff repair with concurrent nerve injury are less favorable than those of isolated cuff repairs. Careful preoperative assessment of concomitant nerve injury should be performed to better predict outcome.
A Comparison of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Arthroscopic Evaluation of Chondral Lesions of the Knee
Authors: Irie Kazunori , Yamada Takayuki , Inoue Kazuhiko 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This study compared the sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to arthroscopy in detecting localized chondral lesions of the knee, especially lesion depth, in 28 patients with 32 femoral and tibial lesions. Average patient age was 24.3 years. Chondral lesions were classified according to five grades. The sensitivity of MRI was 100% for grade 3 (deep) and higher lesions, but was less for superficial chondral lesions. Arthroscopic and MRI grades coincided for only three lesions. Magnetic resonance imaging was not so accurate regarding depth even for deep chondral lesions, although subchondral lesions undetectable by arthroscopy often were detected by MRI.
Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder in Male Cardiac Surgery Patients
Authors: Tuten H Robert , Young D Christopher , Douoguih Wiemi A , Lenhardt Kimberly M , Wilkerson John P , Adelaar Robert S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Two hundred fourteen consecutive mate cardiac surgery patients were retrospectively evaluated for the incidence of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder and were assessed for risk factors. Only male patients were included, as the study took place at a Veteran's hospital. Patients who had no shoulder problems prior to cardiac surgery and were experiencing shoulder pain or stiffness postoperatively underwent history, physical examination, and radiographic studies. Thirty-five patients who had shoulder complaints were identified and evaluated. A 33% incidence (seven patients) of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder in a male post-cardiac surgery population was established.
Influence of Facet Joint Angles and Asymmetric Disk Collapse on Degenerative Olisthesis of the Cervical Spine
Authors: Pellengahr C , Pfahler M , Kuhr M , Hohmann D 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This study examined the facet angles of the joint facets of the intervertebral joints, the anterior and posterior heights of the intervertebral disks, and cervical lordosis as possible parameters of olisthesis. Lateral radiographs of the cervical spine in 1 23 patients were examined, and parameters were correlated to anterolisthesis and retrolisthesis in each segment. Results indicate anterolisthesis is caused by a decrease of the facet angles of the caudal joint facets. This process is favored by loss of anterior height of the intervertebral disks and a flattened position of the cervical spine. Loss of posterior height of the intervertebral disks promotes retrolisthesis.
Occipital Screws in Occipitocervical Fusion and Their Relation to the Venous Sinuses: An Anatomic and Radiographic Study
Authors: Nadim Yasser , Lu Jike , Sabry Fady F , Ebraheim Nabil 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This study examined the safe zone for placement of occipital screws without endangering the sinuses. In the first part of the study, 10 cadaveric skulls were exposed. The borders of the confluences and the transverse sinuses were located on the outer table of the occiput. In the second part of the study, six cadaveric skulls were used and screws were placed in different sites and angiography of the venous sinuses was performed.
The exact location of the venous sinuses on the outer table of the occiput were analyzed. The examination of the relationship between occipital screws placed at different sites and the venous sinuses clearly demonstrated that whenever the screws were inserted at the level of the external occipital protuberance, or 1 cm below it, sinus injury could rarely be avoided. To enhance the safety of the occipitocervical fusion, the external occipital protuberance should be avoided, and occipital screws should be placed at least 2 cm below the superior nuchal line.
Anterior Approach to the Cervical Spine: Surgical Anatomy
Authors: Lu Jike , Ebraheim Nabil A , Nadim Yasser , Huntoon Mac 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
While performing the anterior approach to the cervical vertebral bodies, injury to important anatomic structures in the vicinity of the dissection represents a serious risk. The midportion of the recurrent laryngeal nerve and the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve are encountered in the anterior approach to the lower cervical spine. The recurrent laryngeal nerve is vulnerable to injury on the right side, especially if ligation of inferior thyroid vessels is performed without paying sufficient attention to the course and position of the nerve, and the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve is vulnerable to injury during ligature and division of the superior thyroid artery. Avoiding injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (especially on the right side) and superior laryngeal nerve is a major consideration in the anterior approach to the lower cervical spine. The sympathetic trunk is situated in close proximity to the medial border of the longus colli at the C6 level (the longus colli diverge laterally, whereas the sympathetic trunk converges medially). The damage leads to the development of Horner's syndrome with its associated ptosis, meiosis, and anhydrosis.
Awareness of the regional anatomy of the sympathetic trunk may help in identifying and preserving this important structure while performing anterior cervical surgery or during exposure of the transverse foramen or uncovertebral joint at the lower cervical levels. Finally, the spinal accessory nerve (embedded in fibroadipose tissue in the posterior triangle of the neck) is prone to injury. Its damage will result in an obvious shoulder droop, loss of shoulder elevation, and pain. Prevention of inadvertent injury to the accessory nerve is critical in the neck dissection.
Culture Results and Amputation Rates in High-Pressure Paint Gun Injuries of the Hand
Authors: Mirzayan Raffy , Schnall Stephen B , Chon Jae H , Holtom Paul D , Patzakis Michael J , Stevanovic Milan V 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
High-pressure paint gun injuries have been well described in the literature, and the use of antibiotics is recommended as part of their management. However, there is no scientific evidence to support the use of antibiotics. In addition, the type of paint injected (water- versus oil-based) has never been investigated to determine the extent of morbidity resulting from these injuries. This study examines the organisms cultured in wounds resulting from these injuries and whether the type of paint injected had an influence on amputation rates. Charts of 35 patients with high-pressure paint gun injuries to their hands were reviewed. The amputation rate was 50% with oil-based paints and 0% with water-based paints. Forty-seven percent of wound cultures were positive, with gram-negative bacteria found in 58% of isolates. Our findings support the use of antibiotics, which should cover both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Managed by a Nighttime Bending Brace
Authors: Bowen J Richard , Keeler Kathryn Ann , Pelegie Steve 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This study evaluated and compared the effectiveness of managing adolescent idiopathic scoliosis with a total contact bending spine orthosis worn only during nighttime sleep with established bracing programs and electrical stimulation treatment. Brace treatment was prescribed for 30 patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis for the management of 50 spinal curvatures averaging 28.5° (range: 1 3°-40°). Average patient age at the initiation of brace wear was 12± 10 years (range: 9±10 to 16±8 years). All 30 patients were skeletally immature (Risser sign, 0-3) at initiation of orthotic treatment and underwent follow-up to maturity. Patients were instructed to wear the braces for at least 8-10 hours a day during nighttime sleep. Eighteen of 30 patients were compliant with the bracing program. Compliance with the nighttime bending brace was no better than the reported compliance with established thoracolumbosacral orthosis programs. Moreover, noncompliant patients and those treated by the ineffective electrical stimulation program also did not differ in curve progression. Curve progression was controlled in 56% of the compliant patients, and the nighttime bending brace was considered as effective as the Wilmington brace in controlling adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Both braces were more effective than the ineffective electrical stimulation treatment.
Radiographic Evaluation of Transverse Sacral Fractures
Authors: Ebraheim Nabil A , Sabry Fady F , Tosic Aleksander 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This study clarifies the pattern of fracture lines and facilitates diagnosis of transverse sacral fracture on plain radiographic images. Eight cadaveric sacra were used in this study. A U-shaped transverse sacral fracture at the S2-S3 level was created in all specimens. The fracture line was marked by painting with radio-opaque material and solder metal wires. The following radiographic views were taken: anteroposterior, lateral, AP with 35° cephalad orientation, and inlet view. A double shadow in the upper sacral area can be identified in the plain AP view. As a consequence of the fracture, there are changes in the orientation of the planes of the foramina from the coronal to, more or less, axial plane. Anteroposterior with 35° cephalad orientation radiographs provide good assessment for evaluation of the transverse sacral fracture.
Comparison of Interactive Voice Response and Written Self-Administered Patient Surveys for Clinical Research
Authors: Agel Julie , Rockwood Todd , Mundt James C , Greist John H , Swiontkowski Marc 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This study compared the use of an interactive voice response (IVR) system with a written survey to collect data. Consecutive patients seen in an orthopedic clinic completed the Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment (SMFA) by either IVR or written questionnaire and then were asked to complete the form again 3-7 days later using the opposite modality. Patient response rates were analyzed for differences between the self-administered IVR and written modes of administration. Three orthopedic clinics participated in the study. No significant differences between method of administration or individual differences in response per patient were found. Therefore, no significant differences in measurement are found when IVR is compared to the written SMFA.
A Framework for Conceptualizing Stress in Clinical Learning
Authors: Strauss Sarah S , Hutton Elisabeth B 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The Transactional Model of Stress is utilized as a framework for conceptualizing nursing students' responses to stress inherent in the learning environment. The five stages of the model and variables influencing each stage are discussed with examples. Areas where inadequate information exist are identified along with suggestions for further investigation.
Relationship of Anxiety Level and Recall of Information to the Interval Between Orientation and First Patient Care Day
Authors: Lewis L Lucile , Gadd Holly Ford , O'Connor Kathleen 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Sophomore students' responses to two different intervals between orientation and first clinical day in medical/ surgical nursing were examined. Variables studied were anxiety state and ability to recall information which had been presented. Prior to orientation all students were given the Spielberger STAI-S and STAI-T anxiety scales. At the beginning of the first laboratory session the students completed the STAI-S scale and a teacher-made quiz on information presented in orientation. Students in Group I (n=51) had their first laboratory one week after orientation. Group II (n=39) had their first laboratory the day following orientation. There was no significant difference between the two groups on cumulative grade point average, beginning STAI-T or STAI-S. Likewise, there was no significant difference between the scores made on the quiz. The validity and reliability of the quiz were not determined. ) There was a significant difference between the two groups on changes in state anxiety from orientation to the first laboratory. Group I (laboratory one week after orientation) was more anxious than Group II (laboratory one day after orientation) (p=0.024). Both groups were significantly more anxious in the Spring than Fall quarter (p=0.034). It was concluded that anxiety related to a new clinical experience might be lessened if the first clinical day closely followed orientation. It was also noted that students may be more anxious in the Spring than in the Fall of the year.
Training on Selected Self-Management Techniques and the Generalization and Maintenance of Interpersonal Skills for Registered Nurse Students
Authors: Farley Roy C , Baker A J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This study examined the effects of training on selected self-management procedures (post-workshop practice, selfmonitoring, self-assessment, and self- reinforcement) on the generalization and maintenance of interpersonal skills with a group of registered nurse students. The findings indicate that those self-management procedures enabled the student nurses to maintain a positive attitude toward the use of interpersonal skills in their work and maintain their skill level over a period of time significantly better than a control group who received interpersonal skills training only. No significant differences were observed between the two groups as to their ability to maintain their knowledge of the concepts taught during training or their ability to generalize their skills to the hospital ward immediately following training.
The New Non-Traditional Student in Nursing
Authors: Seidl Ann H , Sauter Diane 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Because different types of new, non-registered nurse students seek baccalaureate nursing education, this study was conducted comparing traditional undergraduate generic students with a group of non-traditional students to dispel myths and to develop policies and educational strategies. Traditional and non-traditional students were differentiated by age, sex, marital status, and experience in higher education.
Traditional and non-traditional undergraduate students were compared on demographic variables, educational goals, sources of psychological and financial support, study habits, learning style, and clinical judgment skills.
Non-traditional students were found to be an excellent risk for admission, having higher semester grade point averages and being more skilled in making professional judgments. Learning style differentiated traditional and non-traditional students, however, teaching methods were similar. Suggestions for educational planning and policies are made.
Instructor Facilitation of the Preceptorship Relationship in Nursing Education
Authors: Hsieh Nancye L , Knowles Donald W 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
In recognition of the growing popularity of preceptorships as a means of teaching in nursing, a research study was conducted to examine the development of the preceptor relationship. Three questions were addressed: what are the specific elements essential to the development of the preceptorship relationship?; what is the role of the instructor in facilitating the developing preceptorship relationship?; and what are the variables affecting the developing preceptorship relationship? Based on naturalistic observations and direct feedback from 12 preceptor RNs, 12 students, and 2 instructors in acute care hospitals, seven commonly occurring themes were identified as important aspects of the developing relationship.
Baccalaureate and Associate Degree Student Nurses' Cultural Knowledge of and Attitudes Toward Black American Clients
Authors: Felder Emma 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cultural diversity education in nursing on baccalaureate and associate degree students' cultural knowledge of and attitudes toward black American clients. Cultural diversity education in nursing information processing, and attitude concepts (Fishbein & Aj zen, 1975) provided the conceptual framework.
The sample consisted of 110 baccalaureate and associate degree senior and freshmen students from National League for Nursing accredited schools of nursing. Each school's dean confirmed that cultural diversity educational experiences were included in the curricula. The findings indicated that the group of associate degree students, which included a large number of various ethnic students, had higher cultural knowledge of black American clients then the baccalaureate degree students, who had less ethnic variance. However, adjustment for the ethnic variable was not significant (F(1, 1) = 12.5, p < .001). There were no differences in the attitudes toward black American clients between the two groups of students. The score ratings for cultural knowledge of (m = 66.90 on a scale of 0 to 100), and attitude toward (m = 35.40 on a scale of 7 to 56 points) black American clients were low in each group of students.
Implications are for increased and improved cultural content in nursing education and alternative methods of teaching black American cultural content.
Sexual Harassment in Academia: Legal and Administrative Challenges
Authors: Dowell Marsha 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Guidelines and institutional policies regarding sexual harassment in academia have a relatively short and controversial background. Deference to Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) guidelines in employment sexual harassment incidents guides much of the thinking in contemporary courts. Title DC of the Educational Amendments and the Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987 are but two of the legal redresses available to students with harassment grievance complaints. Lack of definition of the term as well as research studies in nursing complicate the issue of sexual harassment. The potential impact of harassment on nursing students both in the classroom and in the practice area is significant. Nursing administrators and educators must be proactive in writing and implementing policies regarding sexual harassment.
The Relationship Among Multiple Assessments of Nursing Education Outcomes
Authors: Marquis Bessie , Worth Charles C 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Three internal and three external outcome measures generated data for this longitudinal study. The internal outcome measures were nursing GPA, nonnursing GPA, and clinical evaluations of students during eight clinical rotations. The external evaluations were NCLEX scores, the graduates' self-rating of their competency in meeting program objectives, and their immediate supervisors' ratings on the identical competency rating scale.
Data analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients revealed significant correlations among all internal measures of academic outcomes with one external measure, the NCLEX score. There was no correlation between any nursing measure of outcome and the supervisor's ratings. There was a modest correlation between the supervisors' rating and the nonnursing GPA. The faculty clinical evaluation was the only significant correlation found between the alumni rankings and any other measure of outcome. There was no correlation between the supervisors' and the graduates' ratings.
Predictors of Success on NCLEX-RN and Within the Nursing Curriculum: Implications for Early Intervention
Authors: Fowles Eileen R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A retrospective prediction study was conducted to identify predictors of success on the NCLEX-RN and within the nursing curriculum. Records of 192 graduates of an upper-division, single-purpose baccalaureate nursing program were examined using multiple regression techniques. NCLEX-RN success could be predicted by GPA at end of Level 1 in nursing program, ACT composite and social science subscale scores, Anatomy and Physiology I grade, and percent correct on Mosby Assesstest. These findings have implication for entering a nursing student into an early intervention program designed to enhance success within the nursing program and on the NCLEX-RN.
Employer Evaluations of Nurse Graduates: A Critical Program Assessment Element
Authors: Ryan Marilyn E , Hodson Kay E 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Accountability in higher education dictates implementation of a comprehensive evaluation plan. Employer evaluation of graduates is an important component of program evaluation and contributes a different view that is rarely reported in the literature. The purpose of this study was to establish a database by surveying employers of baccalaureate-prepared nurses, postgraduation, over a five-year period. Employer surveys measured perceptions of graduates' functioning. Findings indicated that graduates function above expected levels for leadership skills, nursing skills, communication skills, and professionalism. Systematic program evaluation by employers is recommended at one and five years after graduation. A tool for employer evaluation of baccalaureate graduates is discussed.
Moral Philosophy and Nursing Curricula: Indoctrination of the New Breed
Authors: Cartwright Therese , Davson-Galle Peter , Holden Robyn J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A sizable proportion of nursing curricula subtly indoctrinate students with a particular normative ethic. Seldom is there adequate philosophical justification for the ethic, and students are rarely invited to subject that ethic to a rigorous philosophical analysis. Nursing curricula are replete with philosophical positions treated as moral imperatives to which all, students and faculty, owe their allegiance. This unsatisfactory situation warrants urgent attention. One problem is that of failing to justify the school's moral philosophy; another is the question of philosophically indoctrinating students to adhere to an ethic that advocates the individual's freedom and responsibility, a practice inconsistent with the predominant proposition advanced by the ethic.