bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bisphenol A Adsorption from Aqueous Solution using Graphene Oxide-Alginate Beads
Authors: Fuzil Nurul Syazana , OTHMAN NUR HIDAYATI , Jamal Nur Ain Shazwani Roslee Ab. , Mustapa ANA NAJWA , ALIAS NUR HASHIMAH , DOLLAH 'AQILAH , HIM Nik Raikhan NIK , MARPANI FAUZIAH 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this study, the potential of graphene oxide-alginate beads (GO-AB) as an adsorbent for bisphenol A (BPA) removal from aqueous solution was investigated. GO was first prepared via modified Hummers’ techniques and aerogel alginate bead with embedded GO was prepared using an extrusion dripping method, where calcium chloride was utilized as a curing agent. The physicochemical characteristics of GO-AB were investigated using XRD, FTIR, BET, TGA. The results revealed that crystal structure and the surface groups of GO and alginate were retained upon formation of GO-AB. A batch adsorption testing was carried out as a function of pH (3, 7, and 9), contact time (up to 420 mins) and initial concentration of BPA (50 - 200 mg·L-1). The adsorption rate was typically faster at the beginning of the adsorption process and started to level off after 180 mins. AB and GO-AB had better adsorption performances at neutral condition (pH 7) as compared to alkaline and acidic environments owing to repulsive electrostatic interaction between BPA and the adsorbent surface’s charge. The sorption kinetic data was observed fitted to the pseudo-second-order kinetics model (R2>0.98) and obeyed the Freundlich isotherm model adsorption behaviour as compared to Langmuir. However, the RL value of Langmuir model is between 0 to 1, which implies favourable adsorption process. The maximum BPA adsorption capacity for AB and GO-AB was found to be 250.00 and 384.62 mg·g-1, respectively indicating that GO-AB is a promising adsorbent for BPA removal from aqueous solution.
Intraoral and extraoral approach for surgical treatment of Eagle's syndrome: a retrospective study
Authors: Wang Jing , Wang Zhibin , Yan KaiSheng , Liu Yan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
We evaluated the clinical characteristics and postoperative efficacy of 94 patients with Eagle’s syndrome based on their clinical symptoms, imageological examination, and physical examination. Through the multi center clinical study of Tongji Medical College and Dalian Medical University, we found some characteristics of Eagle’s syndrome in operation and imaging.
Methods
In total, 94 patients with Eagle’s syndrome (treated from January 2010 to January 2019) were retrospectively enrolled. The postoperative curative effect was analysed by three surgical methods: styloid process resection through the external cervical approach, tonsillectomy + styloidectomy, and preservation of the tonsil for styloidectomy.
Results
The average length of the styloid process was 33 mm (range, 25–61 mm). The patients were followed up for 3–36 months (average, 15 months). Of the 94 patients, 20 underwent styloid process resection through the external cervical approach, 45 underwent tonsillectomy and styloidectomy, and 29 underwent styloidectomy with preservation of the tonsil. The treatment cured 45 (48%) cases, was effective in 31 (33%), and ineffective in 18 (19%). The SPSS 19.0 software was used to conduct a rank sum test, and there was no significant difference between the three types of operations (H = 0.521, P = 0.771).
Conclusions
Operation is an effective method for treating Eagle’s syndrome. There were no significant differences between the effects of the intraoral and external cervical approaches. Imaging examination—especially CT scanning and 3D reconstruction of the styloid process—is very helpful for diagnosis, but not an absolute criterion for the selection of surgery protocol.
JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway Plays a Key Role in Nicotine Mediated Neuroinflammation Suppression in an Ischemic Rat Model
Authors: Wang Qi , Han Tingting , Lai Ruihe , Zhang Dalong , Diao Yao , Du Yong , Yin Yafu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundTo explore the mechanism of nicotine mediated improvement of cognitive impairment in an established ischemic rat model. MethodsEndothelin-1 (ET-1) was injected into the left thalamic region in adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats to establish ischemia model. 6 groups of rats (6 rats in each group) were then treated with nicotine, nicotine+DHβE, DHβE, AG490, nicotine +AG490 and saline respectively via intraperitoneal injection for 9 days. Another sham operation group was treated with saline as above. Morris Water Maze (MWM) test was performed for 6 consecutive days starting on the 4th day after operation to detect the cognitive function of rats in each group. 2-[18F]-A-85380 microPET imaging was performed on day 10 to evaluate the changes of α4β2 nAChRs in different brain regions of rats. Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to detect the amount of α4β2 nAChRs, JAK2, STAT3 and inflammatory factors in thalamus of rats in each group. ResultsThe results of MWM test showed the spatial learning and memory abilities of rats in the nicotine and sham operation groups were significantly better than the saline treating group in this ischemic rat model (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in other groups (p>0.05). MicroPET imaging showed more uptake of 2-[18F]-A-85380 in the nicotine, nicotine+AG490 and sham operation groups than in saline treating group, while there was no significant difference found in other groups (p>0.05). The expression of α4- and β2-nAChR in nicotine, nicotine+AG490 and sham operation groups was significantly higher than the saline treating group (p<0.05). In the nicotine group, the expression of p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 in left thalamus of rats was significantly higher than the saline treating group (p<0.05), and the expression of IL-1β and IL-6 protein was found to be lower than the saline treating group (p<0.05). While the expression of p-JAK2, p-STAT3 and inflammatory factors was not significantly different in all the other groups (p>0.05). ConclusionThe study suggests nicotine inhibits the expression of inflammatory factors by activating α4β2 nAChRs through the activation of JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway to improve cognitive impairment in ischemic rats.
Laboratory Analysis and Ray Visualization of Diffractive Optics with Enhanced Intermediate Vision
Authors: Son Hyeck-Soo , Łabuz Grzegorz , Khoramnia Ramin , Yildirim Timur M. , Auffarth Gerd U. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundTo assess the optical behavior of a new diffractive intraocular lens (IOL) and compare its performance to that of an established extended-depth-of-focus (EDOF) IOL.MethodsThis study assessed the Proming EDOF Multifocal AM2UX [Eyebright Medical Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., China] and the AT LARA 829MP [Carl Zeiss Meditec, Germany]. An experimental set-up with 0.01% fluorescein solution and monochromatic light (532nm) was used to visualize the IOLs’ ray propagation. In addition, the optical quality of the IOLs was assessed by measuring the modulation transfer function (MTF) values at 50lp/mm and 3.0 and 4.5mm apertures on the optical bench OptiSpheric® IOL PRO II [Trioptics GmbH, Germany]. ResultsThe ray propagation of the two IOLs showed two distinct foci. Light intensity assessment revealed that both IOLs allocate more energy to primary than secondary focus. At 3.0mm pupil, the MTF values at 50lp/mm for the primary focus were 0.39 and 0.37, and for the secondary focus, 0.29 and 0.26 for the AT LARA and Proming IOLs, respectively. At 4.5mm pupil, the single-frequency MTF for the primary focus was 0.51 and 0.24 and for the secondary focus 0.21 and 0.15 for the AT LARA and Proming IOLs, respectively.ConclusionsFrom the optical point of view, the Proming behaved as a low-add bifocal lens; however, its properties did not differ much from the well-established AT LARA EDOF IOL. The AT LARA outperformed the Proming at low defocus (up to 2D), while the latter demonstrated better image quality in the 2-3D range.
p62 promotes HIV-1 gp120 V3 loop-mediated microglial inflammation by promoting noncanonical activation of Nrf2
Authors: Liu Sisi , Yan Xueqin , He Hanyang , Pan Rui , Tang Haijie , Wang Huili , Wen Saixian , Gan Limeng , Li Guangming , Fu Yongmei , Dong Jun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has significantly increased the life expectancy of AIDS patients; however, the prevalence of the neurocognitive impairment associated with HIV-1 continues to rise. HIV-1 gp120, an important subunit of the envelope spikes that decorate the surface of virions, is found to activate microglia in central nervous system (CNS) which leads to the cognitive and behavioral dysfunction known as HIV-1 associated neurocognitive disorder(HAND), and the V3 loop is the most important toxic domain of gp120. A study has shown that autophagy plays key role in the activation of microglia, p62 is an important autophagy substrate protein that is elevated in neuroinflammation. In this study, we sought to explore the role of p62 in gp120 V3 loop-mediated microglial activation. Our results demonstrated that exposure of CHME-5 cells to the gp120 V3 loop resulted in elevated inflammatory cytokines, accompanied by autophagy dysfunction and p62 upregulation. Subsequently, we found that the p62-dependent Nrf2 noncanonical signaling pathway was activated and that HO-1, the target protein of Nrf2, was also upregulated. Interestingly, the elevation of inflammatory factors caused by the gp120 V3 loop was significantly alleviated after knocking down p62, Nrf2 and HO-1. Further investigation revealed that in the microglial inflammation induced by the gp120 V3 loop, up-regulated HO-1 promoted the expression of iNOS by interacting with iNOS, while enhanced autophagy by RAPA promoted the degradation of iNOS and alleviated inflammation. These findings provide a new perspective on the relationship between noncanonical Nrf2 activation and autophagy in microglial inflammation and an experimental basis for HAND prevention and treatment.
Bufalin suppresses tumour microenvironment-mediated angiogenesis by inhibiting the STAT3 signaling pathway
Authors: Xu Ke , Fang Kai , Zhan Yueping , Wang Yuqian , Wu Chengqi , Zhu Ruiqiu , Sun Min , Qiu Yanyan , Yuan Zeting , Liang Xin , Yin Peihao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Anti-angiogenesis therapy has increasingly become an important strategy for the treatment of colorectal cancer. Recent studies have shown that tumor microenvironment (TME) promotes tumour angiogenesis. Bufalin is an active compound whose anti-tumor efficacy has been proven by previous studies. However, there are very few studies on the anti-angiogenic effects of bufalin.
Methods

Herein, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) tube formation, migration and adhesion test were used to assess angiogenesis in vitro. Western blot and quantitative PCR were used to detect relevant protein levels and the expressions of mRNAs. Subcutaneous xenograft tumor model and hepatic metastasis model in mice were established to investigate the influence of bufalin on angiogenesis-mediated by TME in vivo.
Results

We found that the angiogenesis mediated by tumor microenvironment cells was significantly inhibited in the present of bufalin. The results demonstrated that the pro-angiogenic gene in HUVEC such as VEGF, PDGFA, E-selectin and P-selectin were downregulated by bufalin, and the downregulation was regulated by inhibiting the STAT3 pathway. Overexpression STAT3 could reverse the inhibitory effect of bufalin on angiogenesis. What is more, few reduction of angiogenesis when bufalin directly acted on tumor microenvironment cells.
Conclusion

Our findings demonstrate that bufalin suppresses tumour microenvironment-mediated angiogenesis by inhibiting the STAT3 signaling pathway of vascular endothelial cells, which reveals that bufalin may be used as a new anti-angiogenic adjuvant therapy medicine in the treatment of colorectal cancer.
Targeting Lactate Dehydrogenase A Improves Radiotherapy Efficacy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: From Bedside to Bench
Authors: Yang Yang , Chong Yu , Chen Mengyuan , Dai Wumin , Zhou Xia , Ji Yongling , Qiu Guoqin , Du Xianghui 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundLDHA is overexpressed in many kinds of cancer, and associated with poor prognosis. In the current study, we evaluated the prognostic value of LDHA expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and tested whether LDHA inhibition might improve radiotherapy efficacy in NSCLC.MethodsLDHA mRNA expression was investigated in NSCLC patients, using online database and further verified by immunohistochemistry. The prognostic value of LDHA was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier plotter database. In vitro, two NSCLC cell lines were pretreated with oxamate, an inhibitor of LDHA, and colony formation method was performed to determine cellular radiosensitivity. Comet assay was used to detect DNA damage after irradiation. Flow cytometry was applied to test cell cycle progression and apoptosis, and autophagy was examined by monodansylcadaverin (MDC) staining.ResultsBoth mRNA and protein levels of LDHA expression were up-regulated in NSCLC tissues. High LDHA expression was a poor prognostic factor and associated with radioresistance in NSCLC patients. LDHA inhibition by oxamate remarkably increased radiosensitivity in both A549 and H1975 cancer cells, and enhanced ionizing radiation (IR)-induced apoptosis and autophagy, accompanied by cell cycle distribution alternations. Furthermore, LDHA inhibition induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and cellular ATP depletion, which might increase DNA injury and hinder DNA repair activity.Conclusions﻿Our study suggests inhibition of LDHA may be a potential strategy to improve radiotherapy efficacy in NSCLC patients, which needs to be further tested by clinical trials.
Molecular Characterization of the FCoV-like Canine Coronavirus HLJ-071 in China
Authors: Tian Zhige , Zheng Miaomiao , Deng Ying , Gou Dandan , Guo Peng , Cong Feng , Hu Xiaoliang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
According to differences in antigens and genetic composition, canine coronavirus (CCoV) consists of two genotypes, CCoV-Ⅰ and CCoV-Ⅱ. Recently, CCoVs with mutant variations have been found to be pantropic and pathogenic in dogs.
Results
In this study, we isolated a CCoV, designated HLJ-071, from a dead 5-week-old female Welsh Corgi with severe diarrhea and vomiting. Sequence analysis suggested that HLJ-071 bears a complete ORF3abc when compared with classic CCoV isolates (1–71, K378 and S378). In addition, a variable region was located between the S gene and the open reading frames (ORF) 3a gene, in which HLJ-071 has a deletion of 104 nucleotides (nts) when compared with classic CCoV strains 1–71, S378 and K378. Phylogenetic analysis based on the S gene and complete sequences showed that HLJ-071 is closely related to Feline Coronavirus (FCoV) II. Recombination analysis suggested that HLJ-071 originated from the recombination of FCoV 79-1683, FCoV DF2 and CCoV A76. Finally, cell tropism experiments suggested that HLJ-071 is able to replicate in canine macrophages/monocytes.
Conclusion
The present study involved the isolation and genetic characterization of a variant CCoV strain. The spike protein and ORF3abc of CCoV might play a key role in viral tropism, which could affect replication in monocyte/macrophage cells. This will provide essential information for further understanding the evolution of CCoV in China.
A New Perspective For Improving The Human Resource Development of Primary Medical and Health Care Institutions: A Structural Equation Model Study
Authors: Jia Huanhuan , Cao Peng , Yu Jianxing , Zhang Jingru , Jiang Hairui , Zhao Qize , Yu Xihe 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background: In China, primary health care is rarely utilized because of medical personnel shortages at primary medical and health care institutions (PMHCIs). Several studies suggest that the most effective solution is to guide qualified doctors and medical graduates to work in PMHCIs, but the studies and measures have been formulated only from the perspective of the government and PMHCIs; few have considered the subjective willingness of medical personnel.Methods: From the perspective of the guided objects, this research was divided into two parts based on implicit theory and a lexical method. The first part takes hospital clinical graduates and interns as the survey subjects and collects the factors affecting their choosing PMHCIs for employment. The second part takes candidates for the medical licensing examination as the survey object and uses exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) to explore the dimensions and paths of the influencing factors.Results: Seven factors were obtained from the EFA, and the SEM hypothesis fits the data well. Internal Organization Development, Patient Factor, Remuneration and Development, and Family Support had a significantly positive effect on the Sense of Gain of medical personnel seeking employment at PMHCIs, whereas both Job Responsibilities and Condition of the City Where the PMHCI Is Located had no significant effect. In addition, the indirect effects of Internal Organization Development and Condition of the City Where the PMHCI Is Located on the Sense of Gain were significant. The Patient Factor, Family Support, and Remuneration and Development significantly mediated the relationship between the internal and external environment of the institution and the Sense of Gain, whereas the mediating effect of Job Responsibilities was not significant.Conclusions: The improvement of family support, remuneration and development and patient factors increases the willingness of medical personnel to seek employment at PMHCIs. In addition, the internal and external environments of a PMHCI play a vital role in guiding medical personnel to PMHCIs for employment. This research provides theoretical support for improving the development of human resources, guiding medical personnel to work in PMHCIs, and promoting the implementation of medical and health system reform in China.
Antitumor Effects of Dihydromyricetin on the Proliferation, Migration and Apoptosis of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Hep3B Cells
Authors: Jiang Lianggui , Ye Wen-Chu , Li Zuobiao , Yang Yongguang , Dai Wei , Li Mingyi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a serious public health problem worldwide and has high morbidity and mortality. Dihydromyricetin (DHM) exhibits anti-tumor effect on a variety of malignancies, but its antitumor function of DHM in HCC has been unclear. The aim of this study was designed to investigate the antitumor effect of DHM on cell apoptosis, proliferation, migration and invasion of hepatoma carcinoma cells. Methods: Cultured Hep3B cells were treated with different DHM concentrations, follow by cell apoptosis, proliferation, migration and invasion were examined by CCK-8, colony formation assay, wound healing, Transwell and flow cytometry, respectively. The mRNA and protein expression of apoptosis-associated genes and Bcl-2/Caspase-9 signaling pathway were validated by RT-PCR and western blot. Results: DHM markedly suppressed proliferation, migration, invasion and facilitated apoptosis in Hep3B cells. Mechanistically, DHM significantly downregulated the Bcl-2 expression, and upregulated the mRNA and protein levels of Cleaved-Caspase 3, Cleaved- Caspase 9, Bak, Bax and Bad. Furthermore, in the nude mice tumorigenic model, DHM treatment greatly decreased the weight of the HCC tumors compared to the weights in control and NDP group. Conclusions: DHM could suppress cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and facilitated apoptosis in Hep3B cells. These findings could provide novel insights to develop potential therapeutic strategy for the clinical treatment of HCC.
Large Mural Thrombus in the Non-Aneurysmal and Non-atherosclerotic Ascending Aorta: A Case Report
Authors: Dai Xiaoyi , Ni Chengyao , Luo Wenzong , Miao Sihan , Ma Liang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe mural thrombus in the ascending aorta is rare, most of which are associated with aneurysm or atherosclerotic lesions, with high risks of causing catastrophic thrombotic events. A mural thrombus in the non-aneurysmal and non-atherosclerotic ascending aorta is exceptionally uncommon.Case PresentationWe reported a large mural thrombus in normal ascending aorta of an asymptomatic patient. Preoperative imaging confirmed the presence of the sessile thrombus located at the left anterior wall of ascending aorta. Given that it had the potential to cause fatal thrombotic complications, surgical removal and segment of ascending aorta replacement were executed. The patient had an uneventful recovery and discharged 14 days after surgery.ConclusionsAnticoagulant is the therapeutic cornerstone of ascending aortic thrombus, but surgery should be performed aggressively when the thrombus is large or floating to avoid severe embolic complications or recurrence.
Ultrafast rechargeable room-temperature solid-state sodium ion battery based on graphene-based liquid alloy
Authors: Zhao QianQian , Tian Haoqing , Liu Shan , Wang Ling , Dai Lei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Solid state sodium ion batteries have attracted great attentions due to its high safety and high energy density. However, the poor wettability between sodium and solid electrolytes (point-contact) seriously limits its application at room temperature. Here, we use a graphene-based Na-K alloy instead of pure sodium as anode to improve the wettability, which allows the batteries to be operated with ultrahigh rate capability at room temperature. The reduced interfacial resistance and accelerated charge transfer kinetics between alloy anode and NASICON electrolyte (face-contact) made the batteries stable cycle more than 220 hours with a small voltage hysteresis at a high current density of 25 mA cm-2 at room temperature, even increased the current density to 65 mA cm-2, the batteries can still operate well. These results proved that the feasibility of using liquid alloy in room-temperature solid-state sodium ion batteries. This work will pave the way for the development of high-rate, dendrite-free and long-life solid-state sodium ion batteries.
Simultaneous Craniotomies for Multiple Intracranial Aneurysm Clippings – One-stage Surgery with Multiple Craniotomies
Authors: Seo Dongwook , Jo Hyunjun , Jeong Han-Gil , Kim Young Deok , Lee Si Un , Ban Seung Pil , Kim Tackeun , Kwon O-Ki , Oh Chang Wan , Bang Jae Seung 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The treatment of multiple intracranial aneurysms (MIAs) involves various modalities and sometimes requires staged operations. This study aimed to prove the efficacy and safety of one-stage multiple craniotomies (OSMC) for multiple cerebral aneurysms. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of the patients who underwent surgical clipping of an intracranial aneurysm at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital between 2003 and April 2020. The surgical results, complications, and lengths of hospital stay were compared between the patients who underwent OSMC and those who underwent multi-stage multiple craniotomies (MSMC). The demographic characteristics of the OSMC and MSMC groups (n = 82 and 43, respectively) were similar. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups when the amount of blood transfused, complications, and surgical results were compared (p = 0.925, p = 0.528, and p = 0.898, respectively); however, the operation time and hospitalization period (353.9 min vs. 490.3 min and 12.3 days vs. 21.8 days, respectively; p < 0.0001 for both) were shorter in the OSMC group. The treatment cost (17,000 USD vs. 22,000 USD, p < 0.0001) was lower in the OSMC group. OSMC for aneurysm clipping in patients with MIAs is a relatively safe and economical method. Furthermore, it has good clinical outcomes. This new surgical method is well worthwhile in that it can be applied to patients who are afraid to undergo multiple surgeries, and it is considered an option that can be tried for neurosurgeon who are contemplating how to treat mUIA patients.