bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of preoperative TACE on incidences of microvascular invasion and long‐term post‐hepatectomy survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients: A propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Yang Yun , Lin Kongying , Liu Lei , Qian Youwen , Yang Yuan , Yuan Shengxian , Zhu Peng , Huang Jian , Liu Fuchen , Gu Fangming , Fu Siyuan , Jiang Beige , Liu Hui , Pan Zeya , Lau Wan Yee , Zhou Weiping 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundTo study the influence of preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) on the incidence of microvascular invasion (MVI) and long‐term survival outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.MethodsBetween January 1, 2010 and December 1, 2014, consecutive HCC patients who underwent curative liver resection were enrolled in this study. Univariable and multivariable regression analyses were used to identify independent predictive factors of MVI. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to compare the incidences of MVI and prognosis between patients who did and did not receive preoperative TACE. Factors associated with Disease‐Free Survival (DFS) and Overall survival (OS) were identified using Cox regression analyses.ResultsOf 1624 patients, 590 received preoperative TACE. The incidence of MVI was significantly lower in patients with preoperative TACE than those without preoperative TACE (39.15% vs. 45.36%, p = 0.015). After PSM, the incidences of MVI were similar in the two groups (38.85% vs. 41.10%, p = 0.473). Multivariable regression analysis revealed preoperative TACE to have no impact on the incidence of MVI. Before PSM, survival of patients with preoperative TACE was significantly worse than those without preoperative TACE (p = 0.032 for DFS and p = 0.027 for OS). After PSM, the difference became insignificant (p = 0.465 for DFS and p = 0.307 for OS). After adjustment for other prognostic variables in the propensity‐matched cohort, preoperative TACE was still found not to be associated with DFS and OS after HCC resection. Both before and after PSM, the prognosis of patients was not significantly different between the two groups for BCLC stages 0, A, and B.ConclusionsPreoperative TACE did not influence the incidence of MVI and prognosis of patients with HCC who underwent ‘curative’ liver resection.
Atrial flow regulator for drug‐resistant pulmonary hypertension in a young child
Authors: Vanhie Ellen , VandeKerckhove Kristof , Haas Nikolaus A. , De Wolf Daniel 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis case describes the successful implantation of an Occlutech Atrial Flow Regulator in a young child with idiopathic pulmonary hypertension and recurrent syncope despite targeted combination therapy, with subsequent relief of symptoms.
Unlocking the Intrinsic Origin of the Reversible Oxygen Redox Reaction in Sodium‐Based Layered Oxides
Authors: Koo Sojung , Ko In‐Hwan , Lee Jaewoon , Kang Seok‐Mun , Yu Seung‐Ho , Kim Duho 
Published: March 2021

AbstractUnlike cathodes for lithium‐ion batteries, oxygen redox (OR) processes at a high voltage (
4.2 V) during the first charge in sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) employ some Li‐incorporated Mn oxides that is recovered during subsequent discharge. To determine the intrinsic origin, P2‐type Na0.6[Li0.2Mn0.8]O2 exhibiting a reversible OR‐induced two‐phase reaction was investigated using experiments and first‐principle calculations. First, operando X‐ray diffraction results in reversible P2‐Z phase transformations and thermodynamic analysis show the two‐phase reaction features Li migration into the tetrahedral sites from the transition‐metal layer in the latter phase. Second, Li‐induced decoupling of the oxygen 2p‐electron led to selective anion redox activity depending on the oxygen sites that are Li‐rich (redox‐active) and Mn‐rich (redox‐inactive) environments. Third, redox‐active oxygen coordinated to the Li vacancy predominantly participates in the formation of peroxo‐like dimers with distortion of the MnO6 octahedron, as observed in the reversible extended X‐ray absorption fine structure spectra during the OR reaction. Considering three physicochemical perspectives, we reveal that Li ions play a role in activating OR reactions and control OR participation in the charge‐compensation process. Our findings suggest that the Li/Mn ratio is a critical factor for achieving a reversible OR reaction, and broaden the possibilities of exploiting OR to reach high‐energy densities in next‐generation SIBs.
The wakefield and energy loss study of micro‐bunch trains passing through plasmas
Authors: Sun Kun‐Xiang , Zhao Xiao‐Ying , Xu Cheng‐Ye , Xie Zai‐Peng , Qi Xin , Wang Zhi‐Jun , He Yuan , Zhao Yong‐Tao 
Published: March 2021

AbstractParticle‐in‐cell simulations are performed to study the wakefield and the energy loss of a train of micro‐bunches passing through background plasmas. The wakefield and the energy loss are found to be directly connected to the interval of each micro‐bunch. If the interval is once the length of the wakefield wavelength, the wakefield excited by each micro‐bunch will be superimposed. The energy loss of the micro‐bunch increases along the bunch train. On the other hand, if the interval is 1.5 times the length of the wakefield wavelength, the wakefield almost disappears. Micro‐bunches on the odd position of the train will transfer their energies to the plasma, and then, these energies are absorbed by the subsequent even micro‐bunches. Thus, the total energy loss of the train is greatly reduced.
Origin of the Isomer Stability of Polymethylated DOTA Chelates Complexed with Ln3+ Ions
Authors: Lee Yong‐Sok , Mou Zhongyu , Opina Ana Christina L. , Vasalatiy Olga 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDOTA (1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane‐1,4,7,10‐tetraacetic acid)‐based chelates that give only a single isomer in solution when complexed with lanthanide (Ln3+) ions is of value for studying protein dynamics and interactions via NMR. Herein, we have investigated the geometries, energetics, and electrostatic potentials of Lu complexed with DOTA (1), ring methylated M4DOTA (2), and arm methylated R‐DOTMA (3) and S‐DOTMA (4), as well as, both ring and arm methylated 4S‐4S‐M4DOTMA (5) and 4S‐4R‐M4DOTMA (6) at the level of M06‐L/6‐31+G(d)‐SDD, to elucidate the origin of the isomer stability. These analyses indicate that the electrostatic repulsion between the arm methyl and the neighboring carboxylate significantly destabilizes the square antiprism (SAP) isomer of Lu‐5 and the twisted square antiprism (TSAP) isomer of Lu‐6, while the steric repulsion between the ring and arm methyl groups attenuates the stability of both TSAP of Lu‐5 and SAP of Lu‐6. To rationalize the variable temperature proton NMR spectra, the energy barriers for the inter‐conversion in Lu‐5 and Lu‐6 via arm rotation were also calculated. The modulation of the stability and rigidity of Ln complexes via a modification of DOTA is also discussed. Our investigation will aid to design better chelates for the Ln3+ ions for its use in molecular medicine.
Acid‐ and Base‐Catalyzed Hydrolytic Hydrogen Evolution from Diboronic Acid
Authors: Wang Yi , Shen Jialu , Huang Yu , Liu Xiang , Zhao Qiuxia , Astruc Didier 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe efficient production of H2 from hydrogen‐rich sources, particularly from water, is a crucial task and a great challenge, both as a sustainable energy source and on the laboratory scale for hydrogenation reactions. Herein, a facile and effective synthesis of H2 and D2 from only acid‐ or base‐catalyzed metal‐free hydrolysis of B2(OH)4, a current borylation reagent, has been developed without any transition metal or ligand. Acid‐catalyzed H2 evolution was completed in 4 min, whereas the base‐catalyzed process needed 6 min. The large kinetic isotopic effects for this reaction with D2O, deuteration experiments and mechanistic studies have confirmed that both H atoms of H2 originate from water using either of these reactions. This new, metal‐free catalytic system holds several advantages, such as high efficiency, simplicity of operation, sustainability, economy, and potential further use.
A Study of 3,5‐Dinitro‐1‐(2,4,6‐trinitrophenyl)‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐amine (PicADNP) as a New High Energy Density Booster Explosive
Authors: Bauer Daniel , Dosch Dominik E. , Fuchs Veronika , Karaghiosoff Konstantin , Klapötke Thomas M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTwo improved, fast, feasible, scalable, and economic synthetic protocols for the laboratory scale manufacturing of 3,5‐dinitro‐1‐(2,4,6‐trinitrophenyl)‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐amine (PicADNP) are described. The previous set of analytical data from an earlier publication could be verified and complemented by additional measurements. The material was fully characterized by multinuclear NMR, spectroscopic methods, elemental analysis, DSC and DTA, as well as X‐ray diffraction. The crystal structure was elucidated and Hirshfeld surface analysis, as well as 2D fingerprint plot analysis for the assessment of sensitivities towards external stimuli was applied. The sensitivity towards shock, friction and electrostatic discharge was also determined experimentally. The performance of the title compound was calculated by applying the EXPLO5 computer code and the theoretical results were compared with the results of SSRT and booster testing experiments. The title compound combines good energetic properties with improved safety characteristics and could find its way into application as a new booster explosive to replace the state‐of‐the‐art material PETN. The optimizations of the synthetic protocol comprise a greener solvent system, shorter reaction times, higher yields for the pure material and a nontoxic byproduct to make the manufacturing process more attractive and better suitable for a subsequent scale up to the technical and industrial scale.
Production of β‐carotene with Dunaliella salina CCAP19/18 at physically simulated outdoor conditions
Authors: Wolf Lara , Cummings Thomas , Müller Katharina , Reppke Manfred , Volkmar Marianne , Weuster‐Botz Dirk 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBatch growth and β‐carotene production of Dunaliella salina CCAP19/18 was investigated in flat‐plate gas‐lift photobioreactors with a light path of 2 cm, operated in physically simulated outdoor conditions. Dunaliella salina CCAP19/18 showed robust growth with respect to pH 8.0‐9.0 and 15–35°C at increasing salinity, simulating the evaporation of open photobioreactors. The highest β‐carotene concentration of 25 mg L‐1 (3 mg gCDW−1) was observed in batch processes at pH 8.5, 15–30°C and increasing salinity up to 110 g L‐1, simulating a typical Mediterranean summer climate. Intracellular β‐carotene accumulation of D. salina CCAP19/18 was shown to be independent of light availability, although nutrient limitation (K2HPO4, MgSO4, and/or ammonium ferric citrate) seems to enable stable β‐carotene content in the algal cells despite increasing cell densities in the photobioreactor. Fully controlled, lab‐scale photobioreactors simulating typical climate conditions of any region of interest are valuable tools for enabling a realistic characterization of microalgae on a laboratory scale, for production processes projected in open photobioreactor systems (e.g. thin‐layer cascade photobioreactors).
Quantifying sedimentation patterns of small landslide‐dammed lakes in the central Oregon Coast Range
Authors: Wetherell Logan R. , Ely Lisa L. , Roering Joshua J. , Walsh Megan K. , Burchfield Molly J. , Nace Keifer E. , Wetherell Meaghan M. , Struble William T. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractUnderstanding sedimentation patterns in small coastal watersheds due to landscape perturbations is critical for connecting hillslope and fluvial processes, in addition to managing aquatic habitats for anadromous fish and other aquatic species in the Oregon Coast Range (OCR). Changes in sedimentation patterns spanning the last 250 years are preserved in two landslide‐dammed lakes in small watersheds (< 10 km2) underlain by the Tyee Formation in the central OCR. Dendrochronology of drowned Douglas‐fir stumps in both lakes provided precise timing of the damming and formation of the lakes, with Klickitat Lake forming in winter ad 1751/52 and Wasson Lake in winter ad 1819/20. Perturbations from wildfires, logging and road development, and previously underappreciated snow events affect sedimentation rates in the lakes to different degrees, and are identified in the sediment record using cesium‐137 (137Cs), high‐resolution charcoal stratigraphy, local fire records, and aerial photography. Each lake has variable sedimentation accumulation rates (0.05–4.4 cm yr−1) and mass accumulation rates (0.02–1.42 g cm−2 yr−1). Sedimentation rates remained low from the landslide‐damming events until the mid‐19th century, when they increased following stand‐replacing wildfires. Aside from a sediment remobilization triggered by human modification of the landslide dam at Klickitat Lake around 1960, the largest peaks in mass accumulation rates in the mid‐20th century at both lakes in the early 1950s precede major road construction and logging activity in the watersheds. Subsequent sedimentation rates are lower, but variable, and possible effects of logging and road development might be exacerbated by abnormal precipitation and heavy snow events. A comparison of previous studies of landslide‐dammed lakes in larger watershed of the OCR are consistent with our findings of increased sedimentation in the mid‐20th century, as well as higher sedimentation rates in the debris‐flow dominated southern Tyee Formation than in the lower‐relief northern Tyee Formation.
An efficient interference mitigation approach for NavIC receivers using improved variational mode decomposition and wavelet packet decomposition
Authors: Silva Lorraine Kambham Jacob , Ramarakula Madhu 
Published: March 2021

AbstractReliable positioning, timing, and navigation services have become vitally important in safety and security applications. Hence, the need for Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) is growing continually. However, Continuous Wave Interference (CWI) was found to be one of the major potential threats of GNSS systems which degrades the receiver's performance. So, in this paper, a new approach using Improved Variational Mode Decomposition and Wavelet Packet Decomposition (IVMD‐WPD) has been proposed to mitigate CWI in NAVigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC) receivers. Although VMD is considered as an excellent signal analysis tool in decomposing non‐stationary and complex signals, the accuracy of the decomposition results depends upon the parameter setting. To address this, firstly, Normalized Kurtosis Energy Ratio (nKER) evaluation index is constructed. Then, the principle of nKER maximum is implemented to find the optimal parameters of VMD. Using the optimized parameters, the received signal is decomposed by IVMD into sub‐signals. Secondly, the mutual information index is introduced to extract the information dominant modes. The extracted modes are then processed by wavelet packet filter and finally, the desired signal is reconstructed. The proposed IVMD‐WPD method not only reduces the jamming efficiently but also overcomes the limitations of VMD. Moreover, by integrating IVMD with wavelet packet filter, the remaining effects of jamming and noise present in desired modes can be filtered thereby enhancing the performance. Simulation results reveal that the proposed method performs better in comparison with the conventional techniques in case of a single tone, multi‐tone, and chirp jamming environments.
Limonin induces apoptosis of HL‐60 cells by inhibiting NQO1 activity
Authors: Chen Yunyi , Liang Jiaojiao , Liang Xiao , Chen Jiebiao , Wang Yue , Cao Jinping , Sun Chongde , Ye Jiaming , Chen Qingjun 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLimonin is an important bioactive substance in citrus fruits, especially in seeds, which has great potential in cancer prevention and treatment. In order to explore the anticancer activity based on interaction between limonin and NQO1, Human promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL‐60) were studied in vitro. We found that limonin could inhibit proliferation and promote apoptosis of HL‐60 cells, and the effect was positively correlated with its dosage. Western blot results showed that limonin could activate the endogenous apoptosis pathway mediated by mitochondria via up‐regulating pro‐apoptotic proteins (Bax, cytochrome c, Caspase3, and Caspase9) and down‐regulating anti‐apoptotic proteins (Bcl‐2), thus inhibiting the proliferation of HL‐60 cells and promoting apoptosis, which further proved the anticancer activity of limonin from the molecular mechanism. At the same time, limonin down‐regulated the expression of NQO1, indicating that limonin may indirectly act on the apoptosis pathway by regulating the expression activity of antioxidant enzymes in vivo, thus exerting its inhibitory effect on tumor cells, which provides an idea for the molecular mechanism that natural products can indirectly exert their anticancer effect by regulating the activity of antioxidant enzymes.
Test–retest reliability of approach‐avoidance conflict decision‐making during functional magnetic resonance imaging in healthy adults
Authors: McDermott Timothy J. , Kirlic Namik , Akeman Elisabeth , Touthang James , Clausen Ashley N. , Kuplicki Rayus , Aupperle Robin L. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractNeural and behavioral mechanisms during approach‐avoidance conflict decision‐making are relevant across various psychiatric disorders, particularly anxiety disorders. Studies using approach‐avoidance conflict paradigms in healthy adults have identified preliminary neural mechanisms, but findings must be replicated and demonstrated as reliable before further application. This study sought to replicate previous findings and examine test–retest reliability of behavioral (approach behavior, reaction time) and neural (regions of interest [ROIs]) responses during an approach‐avoidance conflict task conducted during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Thirty healthy adults completed an approach‐avoidance conflict task during fMRI on two occasions (mean interval: 17 days; range: 11–32). Effects of task condition during three task phases (decision‐making, affective outcome and monetary reward) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated across time points. Results replicated that approach behavior was modulated by conflict during decision‐making. ROI activations were replicated such that dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) was modulated by conflict during decision‐making, and dACC, striatum, and anterior insula were modulated by valence during affective outcomes (p's <.0083). Approach behavior during conflict demonstrated excellent reliability (ICCs ≥.77). Activation of dACC during conflict decision‐making and anterior insula during negative outcomes demonstrated fair reliability (ICCs = .51 and .54), and dACC and striatum activation demonstrated good reliability during negative outcomes (ICCs = .63 and .69). Two additional ROIs (amygdala, left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) showed good reliability during negative outcomes (ICCs ≥.60). These results characterize several specific behavioral and neuroimaging responses that are replicable and sufficiently reliable during approach‐avoidance conflict decision‐making to support future utility.
Mutual effects of chemical reaction and thermal radiation on MHD peristaltic transport of Jeffrey nanofluids: Tumor tissues treatment
Authors: Asfour Hanaa A. H. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAs thermal radiation is one of the fundamental means of heat transfer, therefore, this study analyzes the impacts of thermal radiation and magnetic field on the peristaltic transport of a Jeffrey nanofluid in a nonuniform asymmetric channel. Further, Two models of viscosity are debated: Model (I), in which all parameters dependent on viscosity behave as a constant (as treated before in nanofluid research); Model (II), in which these known parameters are considered to vary with the temperature of the flow. Under the condition of long wavelength and low Reynolds number, the problem is rearranged. The resulting system of partial differential equations (PNE) is solved with aid of Mathematica 11. Furthermore, the streamline graphs are presented by significance of trapping bolus phenomenon. To emphasize the quality of solutions, comparisons between the previous results and recent published results by Reddy et al. have been made and signified. The comparisons are shown in Table 1 and are found to be in good agreement. As the thermal radiation increases, the diameter of nanoparticles rises (thermal radiation is a diminishing function of temperature, and with a decrease in the temperature, the diameter of the nanoparticles increases, that is, the size of nanoparticles increases and they become more active near malignant tumor tissues). Therefore, its work as agents for radiation remedy, produce limited radiation quantities, and selectively target malignant tumor for controlled mutilation (radiotherapy of oncology). Such a model is appropriate for the transportation of physiological flows in the arteries with heat and mass transfer (blood flow models).
Laparoscopic pyeloureterostomy for ureteropelvic junction obstruction occurring in incomplete ureteral duplication of the solitary kidney
Authors: Kawamura Yoshiaki , Hanada Izumi , Higure Taro , Kawakami Masayoshi , Nakano Mayura , Nakajima Nobuyuki , Nitta Masahiro , Hasegawa Masanori , Shoji Sunao , Miyajima Akira 
Published: March 2021

IntroductionUreteropelvic junction obstruction associated with ureteral duplication is rare, with prevalence reported to be around 2–7%. Ureteropelvic junction obstruction of the lower pole with both complete and incomplete duplex systems is a common cause of obstruction. Here, we report a case of ureteropelvic junction obstruction associated with incomplete ureteral duplication of the solitary kidney successfully treated by pyeloureterostomy.Case presentationThe patient was a 39‐year‐old woman who presented with right hydronephrosis, right back pain, and deteriorated renal function. The patient was referred to our department from the rheumatology department. Her medical history included congenital left renal hypoplasia, Sjogren's syndrome, and hyperphospholipid antibody syndrome.ConclusionWe encountered a case of hydronephrosis occurring in a solitary kidney with incomplete ureteral duplication. This case was successfully managed after pyeloureterostomy.
An automated and fast system to identify COVID‐19 from X‐ray radiograph of the chest using image processing and machine learning
Authors: Khan Murtaza Ali 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA type of coronavirus disease called COVID‐19 is spreading all over the globe. Researchers and scientists are endeavoring to find new and effective methods to diagnose and treat this disease. This article presents an automated and fast system that identifies COVID‐19 from X‐ray radiographs of the chest using image processing and machine learning algorithms. Initially, the system extracts the feature descriptors from the radiographs of both healthy and COVID‐19 affected patients using the speeded up robust features algorithm. Then, visual vocabulary is built by reducing the number of feature descriptors via quantization of feature space using the K‐means clustering algorithm. The visual vocabulary train the support vector machine (SVM) classifier. During testing, an X‐ray radiograph's visual vocabulary is sent to the trained SVM classifier to detect the absence or presence of COVID‐19. The study used the dataset of 340 X‐ray radiographs, 170 images of each Healthy and Positive COVID‐19 class. During simulations, the dataset split into training and testing parts at various ratios. After training, the system does not require any human intervention and can process thousands of images with high precision in a few minutes. The performance of the system is measured using standard parameters of accuracy and confusion matrix. We compared the performance of the proposed SVM‐based classier with the deep‐learning‐based convolutional neural networks (CNN). The SVM yields better results than CNN and achieves a maximum accuracy of up to 94.12%.