bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a monoclonal antibody against duck IFN-γ protein and the application for Intracellular Cytokine Staining
Authors: Chen Yingyi , Song Wei , Chen Junqiang , Jin Chenyang , Lin Jiewei , Liao Ming , Dai Manman 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTInterferon-γ (IFN-γ), a member of the type II IFN family, is a crucial cytokine in the immune system and serves as an important indicator of immune response. Intracellular Cytokine Staining (ICS) is a technique used to analyze the production of cytokines within individual cells, and it has a wide range of applications in the fields of immunological monitoring, vaccine trials, and the study of infectious diseases. This study aimed to prepare monoclonal antibodies against duck IFN-γ protein and to establish an ICS protocol for detecting the duck IFN-γ protein. The duIFN-γ-His or duIFN-γ-Fc gene was cloned into the pEE12.4 expression vector and expressed as a recombinant protein of size 20.2 KDa or 54.9 KDa in 293F cells. The purified recombinant proteins were inoculated into BALB/c mice to generate splenic lymphocytes capable of secreting anti-duIFN-γ antibodies, and hybridoma cells were obtained after fusion with SP2/0 cells. A new hybridoma cell line named 24H4, which stably secreted IgG3 κ subtype antibody against duck IFN-γ. This monoclonal antibody (mAb) was identified by Western Blot to recognize duck IFN-γ antibodies, and the indirect ELISA results showed that its ability to recognize IFN-γ protein reached 0.001 μg/ml. The established ICS method was used to stain PBMCs after ConA stimulation, and duck IFN-γ protein was successfully detected by flow cytometry, indicating that the ICS method was successfully established. This study we use the monoclonal antibody, 24H4, provides a crucial tool for subsequent research on duck cellular immune responses.
Diversity of set-related neuronal activity in the dorsal premotor cortex of monkeys during a path-planning task
Authors: Sakamoto Kazuhiro , Saito Naohiro , Mushiake Hajime 
Published: December 2024

AbstractActions involve multiple levels. The dorsal premotor area (PMd) of the primate cerebral cortex is involved in the preparation of actions based on perceptual information. In this study, we recorded neuronal activity from the PMd of monkeys while they performed a path-finding task. In the task, the animals were required to move a cursor step by step to a goal in a maze-like display, and the arm movement and the direction of the cursor operation were dissociated. We observed neurons involved in the preparation of a single arm movement and neurons involved in the preparation of a single cursor operation. Cursor operation-related neurons were also obtained from the lateral prefrontal cortex (lPFC), but the PMd neurons showed more preparatory properties during the execution period than the lPFC neurons. Furthermore, we found neurons involved in the preparation of a specific sequence of cursor movements. The PMd included not only all types of single-shot preparatory neurons but also preparatory neurons for a variety of complex sequences for arm movements and cursor manipulation. These results suggest that the PMd contains diverse neurons involved in different levels of action preparation. Such diversity is one of the critical neural bases for robust goal-directed behavior in complex environments.SignificanceThere are different levels in actions. The dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) is involved in the preparation of actions based on perceptual information. Here, we recorded neuronal activity from the PM d of monkeys while performing a path-finding task, i.e., moving a cursor step by step to a goal in a maze-like display. In addition to neurons involved in the preparation of a single arm movement and neurons involved in the preparation of a single cursor operation, cells involved in the preparation of a specific sequence of cursor movements were observed. These results suggest that the PMd contains diverse neurons involved in different levels of action preparation. Such diversity is one of the critical neural bases for robust goal-directed behavior in complex environments.
Characterization and modulation of human insulin degrading enzyme conformational dynamics to control enzyme activity
Authors: Mancl Jordan M. , Liang Wenguang G. , Bayhi Nicholas L. , Wei Hui , Carragher Bridget , Potter Clinton S. , Tang Wei-Jen 
Published: December 2024

AbstractInsulin degrading enzyme (IDE) is a dimeric 110 kDa M16A zinc metalloprotease that degrades amyloidogenic peptides diverse in shape and sequence, including insulin, amylin, and amyloid-β, to prevent toxic amyloid fibril formation. IDE has a hollow catalytic chamber formed by four homologous subdomains organized into two ∼55 kDa N- and C-domains (IDE-N and IDE-C, respectively), in which peptides bind, unfold, and are repositioned for proteolysis. IDE is known to transition between a closed state, poised for catalysis, and an open state, able to release cleavage products and bind new substrate. Here, we present five cryoEM structures of the IDE dimer at 3.0-4.1 Å resolution, obtained in the presence of a sub-saturating concentration of insulin. Analysis of the heterogeneity within the particle populations comprising these structures combined with all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations permitted a comprehensive characterization of IDE conformational dynamics. Our analysis identified the structural basis and key residues for these dynamics that were not revealed by IDE static structures. Notably arginine-668 serves as a molecular latch mediating the open-close transition and facilitates key protein motions through charge-swapping interactions at the IDE-N/C interface. Our size-exclusion chromatography-coupled small-angle X-ray scattering and enzymatic assays of an arginine-668 to alanine mutant indicate a profound alteration of conformational dynamics and catalytic activity. Taken together, this work highlights the power of integrating experimental and computational methodologies to understand protein dynamics, offers the molecular basis of unfoldase activity of IDE, and provides a new path forward towards the development of substrate-specific modulators of IDE activity.
Roles of the scalar
f0(500)
and
f0(980)
in the process
D0→π0π0K¯0
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Hui , Zhang Han , Ke Bai-Cian , Liu Li-Juan , Li De-Min , Wang En 
Published: December 2024

Motivated by the near-threshold enhancement and the dip structure around 1 GeV in the π0π0 invariant mass distribution of the process D0→π0π0K¯0 observed by the CLEO Collaboration, we have investigated this process by taking into account the contribution from the S-wave pseudoscalar meson–pseudoscalar meson interactions within the chiral unitary approach, and also the one from the intermediate resonance K¯*(892). Our results are in good agreement with the CLEO measurements, which implies that the near-threshold enhancement near the π0π0 threshold is mainly due to the contributions from the scalar meson f0(500) and the intermediate K¯*, and the cusp structure around 1 GeV in the π0π0 invariant mass distribution should be associated with the scalar meson f0(980).

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Femtoscopy correlation functions and mass distributions from production experiments
Authors: Albaladejo M. , Feijoo A. , Nieves J. , Oset E. , Vidaña I. 
Published: December 2024

We discuss the relation between the Koonin-Pratt femtoscopic correlation function (CF) and invariant mass distributions from production experiments. We show that the equivalence is total for a zero source-size and that a Gaussian finite-size source provides a form-factor for the virtual production of the particles. Motivated by this remarkable relationship, we study an alternative method to the Koonin-Pratt formula, which connects the evaluation of the CF directly with the production mechanisms. The differences arise mostly from the T–matrix quadratic terms and increase with the source size. We study the case of the D0D*+ and D+D*0 correlation functions of interest to unravel the dynamics of the exotic Tcc(3875)+, and find that these differences become quite sizable already for 1 fm sources. We nevertheless conclude that the lack of coherence in high-multiplicity-event reactions and in the creation of the fire-ball source that emits the hadrons certainly make much more realistic the formalism based on the Koonin-Pratt equation. We finally derive an improved Lednicky-Lyuboshits (LL) approach, which implements a Lorentz ultraviolet regulator that corrects the pathological behavior of the LL CF in the punctual source-size limit.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
High-energy neutrino signals from supernova explosions: A new window into dark photon parameter space
Authors: Syvolap Vsevolod , Ruchayskiy Oleg 
Published: December 2024

Dark photons, hypothetical feebly interacting massive vector bosons, appear in many extensions of the Standard Model. This study investigates their production and subsequent decay during supernova explosions. We demonstrate that the decay of dark photons, with masses ranging from 200 to 400 MeV, can lead to the emission of neutrinos with energies surpassing those emitted by supernovae. These neutrinos therefore serve as a distinct signal of new physics, allowing for the exploration of previously uncharted regions of the dark photon parameter space and complementing both accelerator-based searches and other astrophysical constraints. The signal is largely unaffected by the specifics of the supernova’s temperature and density radial profiles outside the SN core. Our results indicate that searching for high-energy neutrinos accompanying supernova explosions provides a novel approach to probe physics beyond the Standard Model, including dark photons, heavy neutral leptons, and other feebly interacting particles with masses in the hundreds of MeV range.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Impact of material property variations and sensor positioning on the coating thickness determination of steel sheets using eddy current testing
Authors: Koll Martin , Wöckinger Daniel , Dobler Christoph , Goldbeck Gereon , Bramerdorfer Gerd , Schuster Stefan , Scheiblhofer Stefan , Gstöttenbauer Norbert , Reisinger Johann 
Published: December 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the reliable thickness, and more generally, the geometric and material parameter determination of thin electrically conductive and diamagnetic coatings on conductive and ferromagnetic substrates, e.g. steel, using eddy current testing (ECT).

Design/methodology/approach
The analytical model of an ECT coil arrangement known from the literature is analyzed to evaluate the numerical simulation performed by a Finite Element (FE) program. The latter is used to investigate the influence of the sheet edge on the measurement result. Finally, a measurement setup is presented and the unknown geometric and material parameters are estimated from measurement data of different sample sheets at different air gaps.

Findings
Generally, valid mesh rules are found for a very accurate FE analysis of eddy current problems with large air gaps. The influence of large air gaps on the parameter estimation is emphasized. Moreover, the formulated hypotheses can be widely confirmed by measurements.

Research limitations/implications
In this paper, electrical steel sheets coated with a conductive oven-cured ink are used. This sample configuration creates a discrete transition between the substrate and the coating as present in the analytical modeling approaches. Furthermore, the ferromagnetic substrate’s nonlinear B-H curve is not considered in the analytical model so far.

Originality/value
The analytical model is known from the literature. However, real practical measurements have not been carried out with the discussed setup. Furthermore, well-known literature on eddy current measurements usually only considers constant and very small air gaps.
Determinants of hospitality and tourism employees’ green behaviors: a deeper insight into the application of behavioral reasoning theory
Authors: Han Heesup , Kim Seongseop (Sam) , Sarah Blankson-Stiles-Ocran , Jung Inyoung , Chi Xiaoting 
Published: December 2024

PurposeThe hospitality and tourism industry strives to enhance its corporate image to speed up recovery from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Since employees are service providers and practitioners of a company’s philosophy, it is vital to determine whether their work performance is conducive to corporate sustainability. This study investigated employees’ green behaviors in the hospitality and tourism industries using the behavioral reasoning theory (BRT).Design/methodology/approachThis study performed fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) and necessary condition analysis (NCA) to evaluate the formation of employees’ approach intentions for green behaviors at work.FindingsThe fsQCA and NCA results revealed complex causal recipes for the formation of high-level and low-level employees’ approach intentions for green behaviors at work and predicted that there is no single necessary condition.Practical implicationsThe research findings have significant managerial implications for enhancing employees’ approaches to green practices in the workplace and promoting the green performance of existing tourism and hotel products.Originality/valueThe research findings established a theoretical basis for industry managers to activate employees’ green behaviors, providing significant references for scholars to investigate green work performance in the hospitality and tourism industry.
Unveiling the relationship between corporate sustainability and earnings management: insights from India
Authors: Sabirali K.P. , Mahalakshmi S. , Sahoo Jyoti Ranjan 
Published: December 2024

PurposeCorporate sustainability is recognised as a moral imperative based on the notion that companies are obliged to meet social expectations and have ethical integrity. Further, the concept of corporate sustainability is perceived as the expression of ethical obligations upheld by managers that will be reflected in financial and non-financial reporting and responsible decisions. So, responsible companies are unlikely to be part of manipulation practices like earnings management. The present study aims to analyse how corporate sustainability practices influence the earnings management practices of non-financial Indian companies.Design/methodology/approachThe sample comprises 113 companies included in Nifty 200 for a time span of 12 years. The study measured earnings management using the modified Jones model and corporate sustainability using the environmental, social and governance disclosure score provided by the Bloomberg database. The study employed panel data regression to examine the relationship.FindingsThe outcome indicates that the relationship between corporate sustainability and earnings management is not statistically significant. The insignificant relationship may be due to the underdevelopment of sustainability practices, as the majority of the companies are not prioritising sustainability but reporting to meet regulatory requirements. The findings suggest that Indian companies must seriously consider sustainability practices instead of doing the same for mandatory requirements to enjoy the benefits of sustainability.Originality/valueTo the best of the researcher’s knowledge, this is one of the initial studies that examined the link between corporate sustainability and earnings management in the Indian context.
Facies‐constrained simultaneous inversion for elastic parameters and fracture weaknesses using azimuthal partially incidence‐angle‐stacked seismic data
Authors: Chen Huaizhen , Han Jian , Li Kun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn order to improve the identification and characterization of underground fractured reservoirs, seismic inversion for elastic properties and fracture indicators is required. To improve the accuracy of seismic inversion, model constraints are necessary. Model constraints of P‐ and S‐wave moduli can be provided by well logging data; however, model constraints of fracture weaknesses are often unavailable. To obtain model constraints of fracture weaknesses, we propose a two‐stage inversion method, which is implemented as (1) estimating azimuthal elastic impedance (AEI) and fracture facies using partially incidence‐angle‐stacked seismic data at different azimuths; and (2) using the estimated azimuthal elastic impedance to predict P‐ and S‐wave moduli, density and fracture weaknesses, which is constrained by models constructed using the estimated fracture facies. In the first stage, we use Gaussian mixture prior distribution to obtain azimuthal elastic impedance of different incidence angles and azimuths, and we also predict fracture facies combining the obtained azimuthal elastic impedance and seismic data. In the second stage, we implement the Bayesian maximum a posterior inversion for estimating unknown parameter vectors. We apply the proposed inversion method to noisy synthetic seismic data, which illustrates the inversion method is robust even in the case of a signal‐to‐noise ratio of 1. Tests on real data reveal that reliable results of P‐ and S‐wave moduli and fracture weaknesses are obtained, which verifies that the inversion method is a valuable tool for generating reliable fracture indicators from azimuthal seismic data for identifying underground fractured reservoirs.
Genetic, natal and spatial drivers of social phenotypes in wild great tits
Authors: Satarkar Devi , Sepil Irem , Sheldon Ben C. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

In social animals, group dynamics profoundly influence collective behaviours, vital in processes like information sharing and predator vigilance. Disentangling the causes of individual‐level variation in social behaviours is crucial for understanding the evolution of sociality. This requires the estimation of the genetic and environmental basis of these behaviours, which is challenging in uncontrolled wild populations.

In this study, we partitioned genetic, developmental and spatial environmental variation in repeatable social network traits derived from foraging events. We used a multi‐generational pedigree and social data for 1823 individuals with over 800,000 observations from a long‐term monitored great tit population.

Animal models indicated minimal narrow‐sense heritability (2%–3%) in group size choice, further reduced when the spatial location was considered, which itself explains a substantial 30% of the observed variation. Individual gregariousness also had a small genetic component, with a low heritability estimate for degree (<5%). Centrality showed heritability up to 10% in one of 3 years sampled, whereas betweenness showed none, indicating modest genetic variation in individual sociability, but not group‐switching tendencies. These findings suggest a small, albeit detectable, genetic basis for individual sociality but pronounced spatial effects.

Furthermore, our study highlights the importance of common environment effects (natal origin and brood identity), which essentially negated genetic effects when explicitly accounted for. In addition, we demonstrate that phenotypic resemblance can be a result of similarities beyond shared genes; spatial proximity at birth and natal environmental similarity explained up to 8% of the variation in individual sociability.

Our results thus emphasise the role of non‐genetic factors, particularly developmental and spatial variation, in shaping individual social behavioural tendencies.
‘MAN MUST CHOP!’: Agency of Potholes, Informal Road Menders and Socioeconomic Survival on a Sub‐Urban Road in Nigeria
Authors: Àbàtì Ọmọ́máyọ̀wá Ọláwálé 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOwing to Nigeria's poor road maintenance culture, informal road menders (IRMs) have emerged who fill potholes on urban and sub‐urban roads in exchange for money from road users. This article interrogates the micropolitics of this phenomenon as a relatively new means of informal livelihood within the context of the ethnography of road infrastructure, informal agency and the everyday struggle for socioeconomic survival. Conceiving informal road mending as a livelihood offers a promising lens for discussing how IRMs gain and retain access to space, navigate risks, and harness relationships with other road users and state institutions along the road. Drawing on conversations with drivers and commuters during ‘go‐alongs’ in public transport and on interviews with IRMs, private car owners and state regulatory agents, the article shows how IRMs and other road users appropriate the risks and opportunities associated with potholes as socioeconomic resources through which they leverage the precarious road transport experience in the country. This contributes to the literature on the ethnography of road infrastructures and the micropolitics of informal work in urban Africa.
Enrollment in Medicare is associated with fewer outpatient mental healthcare visits among those with mental health symptoms
Authors: McCormack Grace , Duffy Erin , Rohrer Josephine , Biener Adam 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo test whether enrolling in traditional Medicare (TM) or Medicare Advantage (MA) at age 65 reduces mental healthcare utilization among individuals with mental health symptoms and low or moderate family incomes.Study Setting and DesignWe employ a fuzzy regression discontinuity design, comparing the likelihood of having an outpatient mental health visit or a psychotropic drug fill among individuals younger than or older than the age 65 Medicare eligibility threshold.Data Sources and Analytic SampleWe analyze 2014–2021 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data. Our primary sample is restricted to individuals with probable mental health symptoms as indicated by their score on the Kessler K6 psychological distress scale (K6) and Patient Health Questionnaire‐2 instrument (PHQ‐2) and who have incomes less than 400% of the federal poverty level.Principal FindingsAmong individuals with probable mental health symptoms and low or moderate incomes, enrolling in Medicare (combining the effect of MA and TM) is associated with a 24.9 percentage point reduction (95% CI −49.1 to −0.8; p = 0.043) in the likelihood of having any type of outpatient mental health visit and a 31.3 percentage point reduction (95% CI −54.2 to −8.4; p = 0.008) in the likelihood of having a prescription drug fill for a psychotropic drug. Effects of MA and TM on mental healthcare utilization are not statistically different from each other. We observe no impact of enrolling in Medicare on the likelihood of having a visit to a primary care provider, having a visit to a non‐mental healthcare specialist, or having a fill for a prescribed non‐psychotropic drug.ConclusionsEnrolling in Medicare is associated with a reduction in the use of mental healthcare among individuals with probable mental health symptoms and low or moderate family incomes. Our findings suggest that the program poses access barriers specific to mental healthcare.