bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Migration Policy in the Area of Border Control and Migration of the Population in OECD Countries –Theoretical and Practical Aspects
Authors: Woźniak Katarzyna 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The aim of the study is to present the phenomenon of population migration and migration policy as part of the state’s economic policy based on the example of OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) countries, with particular emphasis on the area of migration policy, which is border control and related illegal migration. The temporal scope of the empirical analysis covers the period 1990-2016. The article consists of four main parts. The discussion began with a presentation of the balance of migration, the scale and dynamics of population immigration in OECD countries. Furthermore, the significance, areas and process of shaping migration policy as a part of the economic policy of the country are presented. Then, it focused on the migration policy in the area of border control in OECD countries. The discussion was crowned with the conclusions that followed.
Reuse of Municipal Solid Waste from Incinerated Ash in the Stabilization of Clayey Soils
Authors: Varaprasad B. J. S. , Joga Jayaprakash Reddy , Joga Suryaprakash Reddy 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
A useful method for the disposal of waste from an incineration plant is to reuse it for geotechnical and civil engineering applications. The primary objective of this study concerns the reuse of local incinerated ash from municipal solid wastes in soil stabilization. Municipal Solid Waste Incinerated Ash (MSWIA) is blended with soil in various combinations and tested for its Atterberg limits, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), California Bearing Ratio (CBR), and Free Swell Index (FSI). A 1-D Consolidation Test was conducted, and changes in the soil during the test were examined by a scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis. The test results showed that there are increments in the UCS and CBR values with the reductions in the FSI, swell pressure, and swell potential of the treated soils.
Effectiveness of Hybrid and Partially Confined Concrete Subjected to Axial Compressive Loading Using CFRP and GFRP Composite Materials
Authors: Ghernouti Youcef , Rabehi Bahia 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This paper presents the results of an experimental study that investigates the compression behavior of concrete and evaluates the effect of hybrid reinforcement by multiple geometries, and total and partial confinement, using CFRP and GFRP composite materials.
A total of nine (09) variants of concrete cylindrical specimens, including one (01) variant of unconfined concrete and eight (08) variants of confined concrete with different geometries were subjected to axial load compression.
The objectives of this study were to verify the applicability and effectiveness of partial and total confinement to improve the behavior of concrete, evaluate the effect of the hybrid confinement used, and obtain a typical reinforced model.
The results obtained clearly show the effectiveness of the hybrid confinement and partially confined concrete in improving the compressive strength and deformation of the concrete, so it is possible to replace CFRP total confinement by partially confined concrete with two CFRP layers or by a hybrid confinement with a CFRP layer in the central zone and GFRP layers on the top and bottom of the specimen.
Geothermal Energy Use for the Additional Heat Supply of a Residential Building
Authors: Kuzmenko Oleksandra , Dikarev Kostiantyn , Rodionov Daniil , Martysh Oleksandra , Iskenderov Anar , Babenko Maryna 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
To ensure low-energy consumption in new generation energy-efficient houses, the technology of a ground heat exchanger with a heat recovery system is used almost everywhere. However, this technology has not been widely disseminated in Ukraine. The work is aimed at presenting insights from research on the combination of ground heat exchangers with a heat recovery system for building ventilation by analyzing the operational and techno-economic indicators obtained. Current studies permit revealing the optimal configuration of a ground heat exchanger with a heat recovery system for ventilation in a residential building in order to analyze the efficiency of ground heat exchangers with a heat recovery system for ventilation of a residential building in comparison with several conventional ventilation options to assess the main price/ performance ration of the process of constructing a ground heat exchanger with a heat recovery system and to determine the duration of the technological process, the labor-intensive characteristics, and the estimated cost of the technology.
An Evaluation of the Structure of Energy Consumption in Educational Buildings in Poland After Thermal Retrofitting
Authors: Życzyńska Anna , Suchorab Zbigniew , Dyś Grzegorz , Čurpek Jakub , Čekon Miroslav 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The paper presents the structure and indices of the annual energy consumption in educational buildings subject to comprehensive thermal retrofitting. Seven buildings were analyzed; the energy consumption for heating and ventilation, hot water preparation, and built-in lighting was analyzed in each of them and, in the case of one structure, also cooling. The indices of the usable, final, and primary energy consumption were analyzed. The values calculated were compared to the requirements of the energy standards in force in Poland. The percentage shares of the above-mentioned energy demands of each of the buildings investigated are given in the total energy performance. Within the investigation, we evaluated the shares of the particular building services in the total energy consumption and determined that even after the thermal retrofitting, the energy demands for heating together with lighting are still the most significant compared to the other demands.
Specification of the Properties and Effects of Additives and Admixtures on a Mixture Suitable for 3D Printing of Buildings
Authors: Fiľarská Diana , Unčík Stanislav , Cabanová Terézia 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This article focuses on 3D printing of buildings using cement mortar-based material. Specific requirements are necessary for such a material; it therefore must have different properties compared to conventional cement mortar. These properties of a fresh mixture and the possibilities for their testing are described in more detail in the first part of the article. Specifically, these are pumpability, printability, buildability, and workability. In order to achieve these properties, it is necessary to add various additives and admixtures to the mixtures, in addition to the basic components such as water, sand, and cement. Scientists around the world are working to create an optimal mix. The second part of this article presents an overview of the most commonly used ingredients and their effect on the properties of the mixture.
Stimulation Surfaces in Urban Places
Authors: Majorošová Martina , Mazancová Eva 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The aim of this article is to point out the potential of urban spaces that have not been primarily meant to be barefoot parks. The stimulation of bare feet is used as a part of therapy or for the prevention of plantar problems. The high number of research papers or blogs available about bare feet shows the interest in this topic among scientists, doctors and the broader population. People are usually shod in a city environment. An analysis of some existing barefoot/sensomotoric spaces compares 3 different projects located in Italy, Germany, and Colombia. The paper shows the common and different approaches in information systems and the amount, variability, and spatial arrangement of stimulation surfaces of these projects. The same method of categorization is used in the analysis of a newly reconstructed park in Slovakia, which was built without a request for a barefoot space. A comparison of these analyses shows the high potential for a regular park having a barefoot area. This research proves that barefoot places in urban areas could be instituted without any significant financial or construction interventions.
Experimental Investigation of the Shear Resistance of Concrete Hinges Under a Biaxial Load
Authors: Havlíček Peter , Šoltész Július , Gašpárek Jakub 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Concrete hinges can withstand extremely high loads and rotations, while requiring only minimal maintenance. Their use is widespread, mainly in bridge construction, but they also find applications in the prefabrication of tunnel segments. With the right design and implementation, they can meet the highest requirements for the durability and resistance of a structure. However, the existing models and design procedures are relatively outdated. The models are based solely on empirical assumptions, whereas the shear resistance of the joint itself plays only a marginal role. The following paper aims to compare existing design models against experimental results in order to find the most suitable design approach that reliably captures the performance of a hinge under a shear load. An experimental program was developed in which 9 samples of concrete hinges were tested for different levels of axial loads and degrees of reinforcement. The results of the experiments were then compared with the selected design models, and a numerical nonlinear analysis was conducted.
Institutional Quality. Human Capital and Industrial Sector Growth in Ecowas
Authors: Ologbenla Patrick 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The industrial sector has been identified as a tool for effective economic diversification among developing countries but major challenges of the sector have been the institutional and human capital in these economies. Consequently, the need to re-assess the relationship among the three is pertinent. The study investigates empirically, the impacts of institutional quality and human capital on the industrial sector growth of the ECOWAS. The methodology adopted is quantitative with the use of panel data analysis. Findings from the analysis show that both human capital and institutional quality in the ECOWAS have not supported industrial growth significantly. However, the result shows that macroeconomic variables such as inflation rate and exchange rate have the largest effect on the growth of the industrial sector of ECOWAS. The study used ECOWAS that has not been used by any of the previous authors and the economic bloc is in dire need of economic diversification. It is recommended that ECOWAS countries should improve on their institutional quality and human capital development for them to be effective in promoting the growth of their industrial sector.
Microeconomic Foundation of the Phillips Curve
Authors: Tanaka Yasuhito 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
It is an important problem to derive negative relation between the unemployment rate and the inflation rate, that is, the Phillips curve without market imperfection. We derive the Phillips curve using an overlapping generations model under monopolistic competition. We consider the effects of exogenous changes in labor productivity. An increase (decrease) in the labor productivity in a period induces a decrease (increase) in the employment, an increase (decrease) in the unemployment rate and a falling (rising) in the price of the goods in the same period. Then, given the price in the previous period the inflation rate falls (rises). This conclusion is based on the premise of utility maximization of consumers and profit maximization of firms. Therefore, we have presented a microeconomic foundation of the Phillips curve.
Internal Branding: Antecedents of Employee Attitudes, Satisfaction, and Organizational Loyalty
Authors: Scridon Mircea-Andrei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
As competition between employers has become more intense in recent years, employee-based differentiation has become one of the strategic solutions for many organizations. The objective of this paper is to test a nomological model between internal branding, attitude, satisfaction, and loyalty. Data were collected through a survey among employees of a leading electronics conglomerate from Romania. While the relationship between attitudes and loyalty is partially mediated by satisfaction, the relationship between internal branding and satisfaction is indirect, with full mediation by attitudes being detected. The results of the study agree with previous studies, which suggested that internal branding influenced certain employee behaviors, such as positive attitudes, satisfaction, or loyalty.
Determinants of Financial Inclusion in Southern Africa
Authors: Mhlanga David , Denhere Varaidzo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The study sought to establish the drivers of financial inclusion in Southern Africa with a specific focus on South Africa. Financial inclusion has been a topic of global interest due to the negative impact of financial exclusion in addressing socio-economic issues like poverty. Using the logit model, the study discovered that financial inclusion is driven by age, education level, the total salary proxy of income, race, gender, and marital status. The variable gender was the only factor with a negative influence on financial inclusion all other significant variables had a positive influence on financial inclusion. As a result, governments in Africa should encourage the use of financial services and products among women, Black Africans, Coloureds and the youths. Products and services tailor-made to satisfy the needs of these groups should be designed to improve financial inclusion among them. This initiative will go a long way in addressing poverty, inequality, and unemployment in the country.
Rotating Detonation: History, Results, Problems
Authors: Vasil’ev Anatoly A. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Among of modern papers devoted to numerical modeling of rotated waves the greater part of papers are based on assumption that such wave propagates with velocity equals to the Chapman-Jouguet velocity of ideal detonation model with plane front. But the experimental velocities of rotated detonation waves, as a rule, are less (and even much less) the velocity of ideal Chapman-Jouguet detonation. Such regimes are named as low-velocity detonation or quasi-detonation and its characteristics are practically not investigated carefully. Moreover, similar to the spinning detonation, the strong connection of velocity of rotated transverse waves with the acoustic waves of reaction products was observed. So the new model with an allowance for the losses of impulse and energy must be used at numerical modeling of RDE and new experimental investigations of regimes with understated velocity must be carried out. In given paper some important aspects of rotated detonation waves and new experimental results are analyzed: the multifront system of rotated waves; correlation of rotation velocity of waves with acoustic characteristics of reaction products; streak-records trajectory of rotated waves on moving film; pressure and temperature profiles of rotating waves; velocity deficit and energy-release.
Aircraft Turbine Engine Automatic Control Based on Adaptive Dynamic Models
Authors: Yepifanov Sergiy 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
One of the most perspective development directions of the aircraft engine is the application of adaptive digital automatic control systems (ACS). The significant element of the adaptation is the correction of mathematical models of both engine and its executive, measuring devices. These models help to solve tasks of control and are a combination of static models and dynamic models, as static models describe relations between parameters at steady-state modes, and dynamic ones characterize deviations of the parameters from static values.
The work considers problems of the models’ correction using parametric identification methods. It is shown that the main problem of the precise engine simulation is the correction of the static model. A robust procedure that is based on a wide application of a priori information about performances of the engine and its measuring system is proposed for this purpose. One of many variants of this procedure provides an application of the non-linear thermodynamic model of the working process and estimation of individual corrections to the engine components’ characteristics with further substitution of the thermodynamic model by approximating on-board static model. Physically grounded estimates are obtained based on a priori information setting about the estimated parameters and engine performances, using fuzzy sets.
Executive devices (actuators) and the most inertial temperature sensors require correction to their dynamic models. Researches showed, in case that the data for identification are collected during regular operation of ACS, the estimates of dynamic model parameters can be strongly correlated that reasons inadmissible errors.
The reason is inside the substantial limitations on transients’ intensity that contain regular algorithms of acceleration/deceleration control. Therefore, test actions on the engine are required. Their character and minimum composition are determined using the derived relations between errors in model coefficients, measurement process, and control action parameters.
UAV Flight Safety System Based on Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Shcherban Anastasiia , Ieremenko Volodymyr 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The article proposes a method of deciding on the continuation or termination of the UAV flight on the basis of fuzzy logic to ensure its trouble-free flight, which will be used in the future to build an onboard monitoring system of the power supply of the unmanned aerial vehicle. The developed method of decision-making allows to determine the residual battery life on the basis of data on current voltage, battery temperature, temperature on board the UAV and the direction and strength of the wind, using which the computer system will make recommendations for continuing or terminating the UAV flight task. The method of decision-making using fuzzy logic involves the formation of linguistic variables, which are the input information parameters and the output decision, their linguistic terms and membership functions, as well as a system of rules for decision-making. The voltage at the output of the battery, its surface temperature and the wind direction on board the UAV were used as input variables, and the residual battery life was used as the output linguistic variable.
Review on the Rotating Detonation Engine and It’s Typical Problems
Authors: Xie Qiaofeng , Ji Zifei , Wen Haocheng , Ren Zhaoxin , Wolanski Piotr , Wang Bing 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Detonation is a promising combustion mode to improve engine performance, increase combustion efficiency, reduce emissions, and enhance thermal cycle efficiency. Over the last decade, significant progress has been made towards the applications of detonation mode in engines, such as standing detonation engine (SDE), Pulse detonation engine (PDE) and rotating detonation engine (RDE), and the understanding of the fundamental chemistry and physics processes in detonation engines via experimental and numerical studies. This article is to provide a comprehensive overview of the progress in the knowledge of rotating detonation engine from the different countries. New observations of injection, ignition, and geometry of combustor, pressure feedback, and combustion modes of RDE have been reported. These findings and advances have provided new opportunities in the development of rotating detonation for practical applications. Finally, we point out the current gaps in knowledge to indicate which areas future research should be directed at.
Openfinger: Towards a Combination of Discriminative Power of Fingerprints and Finger Vein Patterns in Multimodal Biometric System
Authors: Kovač Ivan , Marák Pavol 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Multimodal biometric systems are nowadays considered as state of the art subject. Since identity establishment in everyday situations has become very significant and rather difficult, there is a need for reliable means of identification. Multimodal systems establish identity based on more than one biometric trait. Hence one of their most significant advantages is the ability to provide greater recognition accuracy and resistance against the forgery. Many papers have proposed various combinations of biometric traits. However, there is an inferior number of solutions demonstrating the use of fingerprint and finger vein patterns. Our main goal was to contribute to this particular field of biometrics.
In this paper, we propose OpenFinger, an automated solution for identity recognition utilizing fingerprint and finger vein pattern which is robust to finger displacement as well as rotation. Evaluation and experiments were conducted using SDUMLA-HMT multimodal database. Our solution has been implemented using C++ language and is distributed as a collection of Linux shared libraries.
First, fingerprint images are enhanced by means of adaptive filtering where Gabor filter plays the most significant role. On the other hand, finger vein images require the bounding rectangle to be accurately detected in order to focus just on useful biometric pattern. At the extraction stage, Level-2 features are extracted from fingerprints using deep convolutional network using a popular Caffe framework. We employ SIFT and SURF features in case of finger vein patterns. Fingerprint features are matched using closed commercial algorithm developed by Suprema, whereas finger vein features are matched using OpenCV library built-in functions, namely the brute force matcher and the FLANN-based matcher. In case of SIFT features score normalization is conducted by means of double sigmoid, hyperbolic tangens, Z-score and Min-Max functions.
On the side of finger veins, the best result was obtained by a combination of SIFT features, brute force matcher with scores normalized by hyperbolic tangens method. In the end, fusion of both biometric traits is done on a score level basis. Fusion was done by means of sum and mean methods achieving 2.12% EER. Complete evaluation is presented in terms of general indicators such as FAR/FRR and ROC.
On Some Combinatorial Properties of P (r, n)-Pell Quaternions
Authors: Bród Dorota , Szynal-Liana Anetta 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this paper we introduce a new one parameter generalization of the Pell quaternions – P (r, n)-Pell quaternions. We give some of their properties, among others the Binet formula, convolution identity and the generating function.
On the Combinatorial Properties of Bihyperbolic Balancing Numbers
Authors: Bród Dorota , Szynal-Liana Anetta , Włoch Iwona 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce bihyperbolic balancing and Lucas-balancing numbers. We give some of their properties, among others the Binet formula, Catalan, Cassini, d’Ocagne identities and the generating function.