bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Domestic Violence During the COVID-19 Confinement: Do Victims Feel more Socially Isolated?
Authors: Drieskens Sabine , Braekman Elise , De Ridder Karin , Gisle Lydia , Charafeddine Rana , Hermans Lize , Demarest Stefaan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Since March 13th 2020, confinement measures have been introduced in Belgium to curb the spread of the coronavirus (COVID-19). These measures also have an impact on people’s daily life (closure of school/businesses, teleworking, recommendation to stay at home…). This can cause stress on social, economic and psychological levels and thereby can trigger domestic violence. Besides, confinement also fosters social isolation, which can complicate help seeking behaviour. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of domestic violence during the coronavirus crisis and to assess whether victims of domestic violence experienced more social isolation than nonvictims.
Methods
Several online COVID-19 health surveys were organised among Belgian residents aged 18 + via snowball sampling. This study is based on the second (April 2020) and the sixth survey (March 2021). After excluding 1-person households and missing data, the sample size was respectively 25,251 and 12,589. Weighted prevalence of domestic violence was evaluated for the two surveys. The association (OR (95% CI)) between domestic violence and subjective social isolation was assessed with logistic regression stratified by survey, adjusted for covariates and taking post-stratification weights into account.
Results
In April 2020, 4.0% of the adult population reported being a victim of domestic violence (1.2% in the health interview survey 2018); in March 2021, this was 6.2%. In April 2020, victims of domestic violence had a higher odds of perceived weak social support (2.23 (1.76–2.82)) and of having less confidence in health care services (1.78 (1.21–2.63)). In March 2021, victims had a higher odds of perceived weak social support (1.98 (1.27–3.09)), but also of being unsatisfied with their social contacts (1.81 (1.16–2.84)) and of perceived social (2.70 (1.77–4.13)) and emotional loneliness (2.40 (1.45–3.97)).
Conclusions
Compared to 2018, more people reported domestic violence since the coronavirus crisis. Victims of domestic violence feel more often socially isolated. Although confinement is needed to counteract the virus, it can put people in a dangerous situation since they do not get the help they need. Therefore, adequate support is essential.
Mercury Accumulation in Terrestrial Food Chains of the Liaohe Estuary Wetlands
Authors: wang yuqi , Dongmei Zheng , Huanchi Ma , Huiying Li , Bing Wang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Mercury is a global pollutant that can accumulate in organisms and endanger human health. This paper studied the soil, plants and animals in the light beach, Suaeda wing wetland, reed wetland and rice field in the Liaohe Estuary in 2018 and 2019, and determined the stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes of animals and plants to construct the food chain. The results show that from 2018 to 2019, the accumulation of mercury in the soil of the light beach, Suaeda winged wetland and reed wetland of the Liaohe Estuary continued to increase, but the accumulation of mercury in paddy soil showed a decreasing trend; the mercury content in plant samples also showed a certain degree There is a positive correlation between the accumulation of mercury in the food chain and the construction of trophic levels in the food chain. Mercury can carry out efficient biomagnification and bioaccumulation through the food chain.
Trends in COVID-19 Vaccine Intentions during the COVID-19 Pandemic; a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cross-Sectional Studies
Authors: Terry Emily , Cartledge Sapphire , Damery Sarah , Greenfield Professor Sheila 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundA high COVID-19 vaccine uptake is essential to achieve herd immunity to combat the current strain of COVID-19 and potential future variants. This review aimed to identify factors associated with public intention to receive COVID-19 vaccines until February 2021 to provide accessible data to policymakers to inform framing and targeting of messages designed to optimise vaccine uptake.MethodsMedline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, Sociological Abstracts and Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts were searched for cross-sectional studies reporting data regarding COVID-19 vaccine intentions, published between 01/01/2020 and 12/02/2021. Title/abstract and full-text screening were performed independently by two authors. The Appraisal Tool for Cross-sectional Studies (AXIS) was used to assess bias and quality. Both random-effects meta-analysis and narrative synthesis were used to describe vaccine intentions and associated factors. A subgroup analysis assessing the impact of sex, sampling method and time of survey on COVID-19 vaccine intention was performed. ResultsSearches identified 4739 studies, and 23 cross-sectional studies were deemed eligible for the review; 22 used online surveys and one used a mixed-methods study design. Eighteen surveys were conducted in the first half of 2020 and five were conducted in the latter half of 2020. Fifteen countries were represented, with the most common being the United States (n=4) and the United Kingdom (n=4) sampling 41403 participants across all surveys. Most studies employed convenience sampling and 11 non-responder rates raised concerns over non-response bias. From the 18 studies included in the meta-analysis, the pooled proportion of survey participants willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine was 73.3% (n=18, 95% Confidence Interval 64.2% to 81.5%, I2= 99.7%). Factors associated with a higher COVID-19 vaccine acceptance included greater perceived risk of COVID-19, lower level of perceived vaccine harm, higher educational attainment and household income, older age, being of White ethnicity and male sex.ConclusionsThere was a high willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine which was influenced by multiple sociodemographic factors and individual risk perceptions. The findings suggest that future research should explore the reasoning behind vaccine intentions for different sociodemographic groups to allow targeted communication strategies to be formulated by public health agencies.
Complementary Catalysis and Analysis Within Solid-State Additively Manufactured Metal Micro-Flow Reactors
Authors: Monaghan T. , Harding M. J. , Christie S. D. R. , Harris R. A. , Friel R. J. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Additive Manufacturing is transforming how researchers and industrialists look to design and manufacture chemical devices to meet their specific needs. In this work, we report the first example of a flow reactor formed via the solid-state metal sheet lamination technique, Ultrasonic Additive Manufacturing (UAM), and featuring directly integrated catalytic sections and sensing elements. The UAM technology not only overcomes many of the current limitations associated with the additive manufacturing of chemical reactionware but it also significantly increases the functionality of such devices. A range of biologically important 1, 4-disubstituted 1, 2, 3-triazole compounds were successfully synthesised and optimised inflow through a Cu mediated Huisgen 1, 3-dipolar cycloaddition using the UAM chemical device. By exploiting the unique properties of UAM and continuous flow processing, the device was able to catalyse the proceeding reactions whilst also providing real-time feedback for reaction monitoring and optimisation.
Effects of Rosemary Oil (Rosmarinus Officinalis) Supplementation on the Fate of the Transplanted Human Olfactory Bulb Neural Stem Cells Against Ibotenic Acid-Induced Neurotoxicity (Alzheimer Model) in Rat
Authors: Rezk Shaymaa , Lashen Samah , EL-Adl Mohamed , Elshopakey Gehad E. , Elghareeb Mona M. , Hendam Basma M. , Caceci Thomas , CenciarelliC Carlo , Marei Hany E. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Rosemary oil (ROO) is known to have multiple pharmacological effects: it is an antioxidant, an anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective. In the present study, we examined the effects of ROO on Human olfactory bulb neuronal stem cells (hOBNSCs) after their transplantation into rats, with the ibotenic (IBO) acid-induced cognitive deficit model. After 7 weeks, cognitive functions were assessed using the Morris water maze (MWM). After two months blood and the hippocampus were collected for biochemical, gene expression, and histomorphometric analyses. Learning ability and memory function were significantly enhanced after hOBNSCs transplantation and were nearly returned to normal in the treated group. The IBO acid injection was associated with a significant decline of total leukocyte count (TLC) and a significant increase in total and toxic neutrophils. As well, the level of IL-1β, TNF-α CRP in serum and levels of MDA and NO in hippocampus tissue were significantly elevated, while antioxidant markers (CAT, GSH, and SOD) were reduced in treated tissue compared to controls. The administration of ROO before or with cell transplantation attenuated all these parameters. In particular, the level of NO nearly returned to normal when rosemary was administrated before cell transplantation. Gene expression analysis revealed the potential protective effect of ROO and hOBNSCs via down-expression of R-βAmyl and R- CAS 3 and R-GFAP genes.
Toripalimab Used on the Same Day or Third Day With Chemotherapy for Neoadjuvant Chemoimmunotherapy in Locally Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer—A Phase II Study
Authors: Xing Wenqun , Zhao Lingdi , Zheng Yan , Liu Baoxing , Liu Xianben , Li Tiepeng , Zhang Yong , Ma Baozhen , Yang Yonghao , Shang Yiman , Fu Xiaomin , Liang Guanghui , Yuan Dongfeng , Qu Jinrong , Chai Xiaofei , Zhang He , Wang Zibing , Lin Hongwei , Liu Liang , Ren Xiubao , Zhang Jiangong , Gao Quanli 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

There is no standard neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced esophageal cancer in China. The role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus immunotherapy for locally advanced esophageal cancer is still being explored.
Methods

This open-label, randomized phase II study was conducted at a single center between July 2019 and September 2020, 30 patients with locally advanced ESCC (T3, T4, or lymph-node positive) were enrolled. Patients were randomized according to the enrollment order at a 1:1 ratio to receive chemotherapy on day 1 and toripalimab on day 3 (experiment group) or chemotherapy and toripalimab on day 1 (control group). The chemotherapeutic regimen was paclitaxel and cisplatin. Surgery was performed 4 to 6 weeks after the second cycle of chemoimmunotherapy. The primary endpoint was pCR rate, the secondary endpoint were safety and disease-free survival.
Results

Thirty patients completed at least one cycle of chemoimmunotherapy; 11 in the experimental group and 13 in the control group received surgery. R0 resection was got in all these 24 patients. Four patients (36%) in the experimental group and one (7%) in the control group achieved pCR. The experimental group showed a statistically non-significant higher pCR rate (P = 0.079). PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) examination was performed in 14 patients; one in control group had a PD-L1 CPS of 10 and pCR was achieved, while the left 13 were all ≤ 1, 11 of the 13 patients received surgery in which two (in the experimental group) got pCR. Two patients endured from ≥ grade 3 adverse events, one suffered from grade 3 immune-related enteritis after one cycle of chemoimmunotherapy and dropped off the study. Another patient died from severe pulmonary infection and troponin elevation after surgery.
CONCLUSIONS

Although the primary endpoint was not met, initial results of this study showed that delaying toripalimab to day 3 in chemoimmunotherapy might achieve a higher pCR rate than that on same day, and further large-sample clinical trials are needed to verify this.
Trial registration:
NCT 03985670, registered 10 June 2019.
Intra-Amniotic Administration of l-Glutamine Promotes Intestinal Maturation And Enteroendocrine Stimulation In Chick Embryos
Authors: Reicher Naama , Melkman-Zehavi Tal , Dayan Jonathan , Uni Zehava 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Initial nutritional stimulation is a key driving force for small intestinal maturation, and is mediated by enteroendocrine L-cells signaling. In chick embryos, administration of specific nutrients into the amniotic fluid stimulates early development of the small intestine. In this study, we examined the effects of intra-amniotic administration of l-glutamine (Gln) on enterocyte morphological and functional maturation and L-cell signaling before and after hatch. Gln stimulation at embryonic day 17 caused an increase in enterocyte and microvilli dimensions by 10 and 20%, respectively, within 48h. Post-hatch, enterocytes and microvilli were 20% longer in Gln-treated chicks. Correspondingly, mRNA expression of brush border nutrient transporters PepT-1 and SGLT-1 and tight junction proteins TJP-1, TJP-2 and Occludin was significantly upregulated before and after hatch (P<0.05) in Gln-treated chicks. We then evaluated the effects of Gln stimulation on enteroendocrine signaling by locating L-cells in the developing jejunum and observed significant increases in mRNA expression of L-cell signaling components GLP-2R, IGF-1 and IGF-1R before and after hatch, in response to Gln stimulation (P<0.05). Our findings link primary nutrient stimulation of L-cells to enterocyte morphological and functional maturation and provide a model for investigating the effects of specific nutrients on enteroendocrine signaling in the developing small intestine.
Psychometric Evaluation of the Taiwanese Version of the Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index
Authors: Chu Kuo-Min , Ma Hsiao-Li , Lin Li-Hwa , Hsu Hsiu-Chu , Shun Shiow-Ching 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The Western Ontario Rotator Cuff (WORC) index is a self-report questionnaire that measures the disease-specific quality of life in patients with rotator cuff injuries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Taiwanese version of WORC (T-WORC) in patients with rotator cuff tear (RCT) before surgery. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used. The study was composed of two phases: translation of the WORC into Taiwanese version of WORC, and 210 patients with rotator cuff tear before surgery completed the questionnaire twice within 2 weeks. The main outcome measures included reliability and validity. Reliability was assessed with internal consistency and test-retest. Internal consistency was assessed using the Cronbach’s alpha and test-retest reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Construct validity was evaluated by examining convergent, divergent, known-group validity, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Results: The T-WORC demonstrated satisfactory reliability with the Cronbach's alpha of .94, and ICC (2 week-interval) of .79. The convergent validity showed that the T-WORC was significantly positively correlated with the disability of the arm, shoulder, and hand and numerical rating scales of pain, but negatively correlated with the Short Form-12. The divergent validity was shown by the low correlation between T-WORC and state anger scale. The known-group validity showed a significant difference between the high pain group and the low pain group. The EFA revealed 4 factors, daily activities and function, physical symptoms, emotion, and shoulder clicking and recreation, which explained 66.13 % of the variance. Conclusions: The findings of this study did not support the 5-domain structure proposed by the original version. Nevertheless, the T-WORC still demonstrated adequate psychometric properties and could be a useful instrument for assessing the RCT patients' quality of life before surgery.
LncRNA SAL-RNA1 Knockdown Suppressed Pink1-Mediated Mitophagy Protects Against CS-Induced Alveolar Cells Senescence Through Regulation of Sirt1
Authors: Jiang Hui , Li Yaqing , Xu Yuanri , Jiang Yaona , Yuan Dong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

LncRNAs pays an important roles in the regulation of alveolar cells in cigarette smoke (CS) induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the role of lncRNA SAL-RNA1 in promoting mitophagy and reduces senescence of alveolar cells in COPD is unknow.
Methods

This study is aims to elucidate the underlying mechanism of LncRNA SAL-RNA1 and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-induced putative protein kinase 1 (PINK1) expression were upregulated in alveolar of emphysema mice and CS treated alveolar epithelial cells. LncRNA SAL-RNA1 knockdown suppressed mitophagy and induced senescence of alveolar cells while overexpressing lncRNA SAL-RNA1 promoted mitophagy and reduced the senescence of alveolar cells. In addition, lncRNA SAL-RNA1 interacted with Sirt1 and regulated the upgradation of Sirt1.
Results

We further found lncRNA SAL-RNA1 regulated Pink1 expression through Sirt1. Mechanistically, lncRNA SAL-RNA1 regulated PinK1-mediated mitophagy and senescence of alveolar cells through regulation Sirt1.
Conclusion

Finally, overexpression lncRNA SAL-RNA1 promote mitophagy and relieved emphysema.
Shoot Proliferation, Callus Induction And Plant Regeneration In Tripsacum Laxum Nash
Authors: Xiong Yuping , Pang Jinhui , Wu Kunlin , Silva Jaime A. Teixeira , Zhang Xinhua , Li Yuan , Zeng Songjun , MA Guohua 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The peduncles of Tripsacum laxum Nash were used as explants to induce axillary shoots. Multiple shoots were proliferated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium to establish, for the first time, efficient shoot proliferation and plant in vitro regeneration systems. Optimal shoot proliferation medium was MS with 3.0 mg/L 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 0.2 mg/L α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), resulting in a shoot proliferation coefficient of 11.0 within 45 d. Optimal rooting medium was MS with 0.1 mg/L NAA and/or 0.1 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), inducing 100% root formation from shoots within 30 d. When young roots, leaf sheaths and shoot bases were used as explants, MS medium with 1.0 mg/L thidiazuron (TDZ) and 0.2 mg/L BA induced most shoots, with the least callus. Shoot bases induced beige-white callus and shoots directly on MS medium with 1.0 mg/L TDZ and 0.2 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), while leaf sheaths induced beige-white callus and shoots directly on MS medium with 1.0 mg/L TDZ and 0.2 mg/L BA. Rooted plantlets showed 99.3% survival when transplanted into a substrate of vermiculite: peat soil (1:3, v/v).
Effectiveness Assessment of Using Riverine Water eDNA to Simultaneously Monitor the Riverine and Riparian Biodiversity Information
Authors: Yang Haile , Du Hao , Qi Hongfang , Yu Luxian , Hou Xindong , Zhang Hui , Li Junyi , Wu Jinming , Wang Chengyou , Zhou Qiong , Wei Qiwei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Both aquatic and terrestrial biodiversity information can be detected in riverine water environmental DNA (eDNA). However, the effectiveness of using riverine water eDNA to simultaneously monitor the riverine and terrestrial biodiversity information remains unidentified. Here, we proposed that the monitoring effectiveness could be approximated by the transportation effectiveness of land-to-river and upstream-to-downstream biodiversity information flows and described by three new indicators. Subsequently, we conducted a case study in a watershed on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The results demonstrated that there was higher monitoring effectiveness on summer or autumn rainy days than in other seasons and weather conditions. The monitoring of the bacterial biodiversity information was more efficient than the monitoring of the eukaryotic biodiversity information. On summer rainy days, 43-76% of species information in riparian sites could be detected in water eDNA samples, 92-99% of species information in riverine sites could be detected in a 1-km downstream eDNA sample, and half of dead bioinformation (i.e., the bioinformation labeling the biological material that lacked life activity and fertility) could be monitored 4-6 km downstream for eukaryotes and 13-19 km downstream for bacteria. The current study provided reference method and data for future monitoring projects design and for future monitoring results evaluation.
Mindfulness &amp; Music Interventions in the Workplace: Assessment of Mind Wandering and Working Memory Using a Crowdsourcing Approach
Authors: Axelsen Johanne , Meline Jacob Stig Jarnot , Staiano Walter , Kirk Ulrich 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Occupational stress has huge financial as well as human costs. Application of crowdsourcing might be a way to strengthen the investigation of occupational mental health. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess Danish employees’ stress and cognition by relying on a crowdsourcing approach, as well as investigating the effect of a 30-day mindfulness and music intervention.
Methods

We translated well-validated neuropsychological laboratory- and task-based paradigms into an app-based platform using cognitive games measuring mind wandering and working memory and measuring stress via. Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale. A total of 623 healthy volunteers from Danish companies participated in the study and were randomized into three groups, which consisted of a 30-day intervention of either mindfulness or music, or a non-intervention control group.
Results

Participants in the mindfulness group showed a significant improvement in the coefficient of mind wandering, working memory capacity and perceived stress (p < .001). The music group showed a 38% decrease of self-perceived stress. The control group showed no difference from pre to post in the survey or cognitive outcome measures. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between usage of the mindfulness and music app and elevated score on both the cognitive games and the Perceived Stress Scale.
Conclusion

The study supports the nascent field of crowdsourcing by being able to replicate data collected in previous well-controlled laboratory studies from a range of experimental cognitive tasks, making it an effective alternative. It also supports mindfulness as an effective intervention in improving mental health in the workplace.