bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive Factors of Surgical Site Infection in Prosthetic Joint Surgery. A Prospective Study on 760 Arthroplasties.
Authors: Maritati Martina , Trentini Alessandro , Chemello Davide , Mazzoni Elisa , Zanoli Gustavo , Contini Carlo , De Rito Giuseppe 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Surgical site infection (SSI) is a debilitating complication of total joint arthroplasty (TJA) with significant morbidity and increased costs. Aim of our study was to identify potential risk factors for SSIs in a population of patients undergoing TJA. Methods: TJA were prospectively recruited at Santa Maria Maddalena Hospital from February 2019 to April 2020. Age, sex, major comorbidities, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class, length of surgery, type of surgical suture, total hospital length of stay and clinical laboratory data were collected. The study population was then divided into two groups: Group A, normal post-operative course, and Group B, patients who developed SSI at follow-up (17-25 days).Results: 25/760 (3.3%) patients developed SSIs at follow-up. Clinical and demographic parameters were not different between the two groups. Total leucocyte and neutrophil values at discharge resulted to be significatively higher in Group B compared to Group A (p=0.025 and p=0.016, respectively). Values of 7860/mL for total leucocyte, and 5185/mL for neutrophil count at discharge significantly predicted the future development of SSI (AUC 0.623 and AUC 0.641, respectively; p<0.05) independently from confounding factors (total leukocytes: O.R.=3,69 [95% C.I. 1,63-8,32]; neutrophils: O.R.=3,98 [95% C.I. 1,76-8,97. Deep SSIs has been diagnosed significantly before superficial SSIs (p=0,008), with a median advance of 9 days. Conclusion: Total leukocytes and neutrophils at discharge seem useful to identify a population at risk for the development of SSIs following TJA. Further studies on larger populations are needed to develop a predictive SSIs risk score that should include those variables.
A retrospective cohort study on European Reference Network for Rare Vascular Diseases 5 outcome measures for Hereditary Haemorrhagic Telangiectasia in Denmark
Authors: Hvelplund Troels , Lange Bibi , Bird Susanne Djernes , Korsholm Malene , Kjeldsen Anette 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background Hereditary Haemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by several clinical symptoms including epistaxis, arteriovenous malformations (AVM), and telangiectasia. In 2018, European Reference Network for Rare Vascular Diseases (VASCERN) recommended five outcome measures for HHT-patients to guide health care providers, some with limited experience in treating HHT, and thereby maximizing the number of HHT-patients receiving good care. The outcome measures cover the following aspects: 1) 90% of the patients should receive a pulmonary AVM (PAVM) screening; 2) 90% of the patients should receive written advice on nosebleed; 3) 70% should be assessed for iron deficiency; 4) 100% of the patients should receive written advice on antibiotic (AB) prophylaxis prior to dental and surgical procedures, and; 5) 100% of relevant patients should receive written advice on pregnancy. We have introduced the outcome measures as Benchmarks in our HHT-centre and wanted to evaluate the extend of implementation we have achieved. We constantly struggle to secure the best possible treatment of our HHT-patients.Methods The study was a non-interventional retrospective study. All data was collected from medical journals and from the Danish HHT-database. Results A total of 180 HHT-patients were included, all diagnosed in the period from January 1st 2016 to December 31st 2020. All patients were screened for PAVM. We could confirm that 66% of patients who had epistaxis received thoroughly advice. Assessment for iron deficiency was performed in 80 % of the adult patients. Thoroughly advice on antibiotic prophylaxis was documented in 75%. Thoroughly advice on pregnancy was documented in 80% of female patients 15-45 years of age. There were no significant differences over time for any of the outcome measures. Conclusions The Danish HHT-centre reached the target threshold for outcome measures 1 and 3. We could not document reaching the target thresholds for outcome measures 2, 4, and 5. As information and education is a very important part of HHT care, we will focus on and document that all patients receive the relevant advice and as part of our care, we will in the near future implement an electronic solution with advice for HHT patients.
Effect of Mirogabalin on Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Caused by Gemcitabine Plus Nab-Paclitaxel Therapy in Pancreatic Cancer Patients: A Pilot Study
Authors: Takasaki Yusuke , Fujisawa Toshio , Ushio Mako , Takahashi Sho , Yamagata Wataru , Suzuki Akinori , Ito Koichi , Ochiai Kazushige , Tomishima Ko , Ishi Shigeto , Isayama Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel (GnP) therapy is widely used to treat pancreatic cancer (PC), but chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is common. Mirogabalin is a novel drug for treating peripheral neuropathy. We investigated the effects of mirogabalin on CIPN due to GnP therapy in PC patients.Methods: This was a single-center retrospective pilot study. Patients who had previously received or were currently receiving GnP for PC and had taken mirogabalin for at least 2 weeks for CIPN, were included. Patients completed a questionnaire about their symptoms before and after taking mirogabalin. The primary outcome was the change in numbness and tingling scores on the patient-reported outcomes version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE). Secondary outcomes were the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire–Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (QLQ-CIPN20) (Japanese version) score, numerical rating scale (NRS) pain score, and adverse events (AEs).Results: Increased numbness and tingling severity (1.84 vs. 1.76; P=0.63) and interference with daily life (1.42 vs. 1.44; P=0.80) were not seen in any of the 25 enrolled patients. The scores on the sensory subscale of the QLQ-CIPN improved significantly after treatment (17.5 vs. 15.7; P=0.02). AEs occurred in 22 patients (88%), but there were no serious AEs (≥ grade 3).Conclusions: Mirogabalin may control the progression of CIPN caused by GnP therapy in PC patients, and improved sensory neuropathy significantly in our patients. However, since the incidence of AEs is high, mirogabalin should be used with caution.
Immune Infiltration Characteristics of Related Receptor Signaling Pathways in Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome
Authors: Wu Lingling , Ling Huayun , Wang Hong , Qiu Lijuan , Zhou Ying , Xue Yu , Wang Tingrui , Chen Huijuan , Ye Dongqing , Wang Bin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome (pSS) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease characterized by a broad spectrum of clinical features. It is considered to be associated with immune cells and genetic. Since the pathogenesis of pSS has not been studied thoroughly enough, it is significant to explore the relevant mechanisms using bioinformatics methods.Methods: We downloaded the GSE84844, GSE66795 and GSE51092 datasets from the GEO database, and then conducted a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis including differentially expressed genes (DEGs), functional enrichment pathways and immune infiltration characteristics. Results：DEGs analysis identified a total of 89 up-regulated genes and 11 down-regulated genes in the dataset. These DEGs were enriched in NOD-like and RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway, which were significantly associated with the expression of immune cells such as neutrophils and activated dendritic cells, respectively.Conclusion: The NOD-like and RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway and the pathogenesis of pSS may be closely associated. Neutrophils and dendritic cells also play an important role in pSS, and the expression of these two kinds of cells is closely associated with the signaling pathways of NOD-like and RIG-I-like receptors.
Development of a high-throughput method to screen novel antiviral materials
Authors: Nakakido Makoto , Tanaka Naoki , Shimojo Ayako , Miyamae Nobuhiro , Tsumoto Kouhei 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Respiratory infectious diseases pose a serious threat worldwide, and novel antiviral materials are highly demanded. Photocatalytic nanoparticles have been developed to inhibit indirect transmission of pathogens by acting as surface coating materials. During development of such antiviral materials, researchers use bacteriophages as model viruses due to their safety and experimental efficiency. Screening methods are used to identify potential antiviral materials, and better screening technologies will accelerate the discovery of antiviral treatments. In this study, we constructed a novel platform to evaluate antiviral activity of surface coating materials using the M13 bacteriophage and phagemid system derived from phage display technology. The evaluation results generated by this system for the two tested antiviral materials were comparable to those for the materials tested on the Qβ bacteriophage and influenza virus using traditional screening methods. The experimental system developed in this study provides rapid and effective screening and can be applied to the development of novel antiviral materials.
New Method for Reducing Coal Mine Gas Disasters via Directional Drilling and Hydraulic Jet
Authors: Li Dingqi , Wang Shuren , Chen Yubo , Wang Mingzhong , Chang Xu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Gas extraction is an important topic because of poor permeability and high gas seam in coal mines. A new method for reducing stress and improving permeability of coal seam was proposed to reduce the cost of gas extraction and danger of coal and gas outbursts. In this method, the roadway in coal floor was replaced with directional main borehole, directional branch boreholes were used to replace crossing holes, and soft coal was mined along soft sub layers using a directional drilling machine and a directional hydraulic jet. The numerical simulation showed that the porosity and permeability of coal seam significantly improve after soft sub layers being removed by the directional hydraulic jet. The application of the proposed method and its supporting equipment was carried out under the special gas conditions of Hudi Coal Mine. Results show that the soft coal is mined efficiently along the soft sub layer using the main borehole, branch boreholes, and directional hydraulic jet. Compared the hydraulic punching in the borehole with the ordinary drilling machine, the average speed of mining soft sub layers increased from 0.5 t/h to 3.6 t/h, the equivalent diameter of mining soft sub layers increased from 1.2 m to 7.6m, and the average flow of gas extraction increased from 0.41 m3/d to 6.25 m3/d. The conclusions obtained in this study can provide a reference to the similar coal mining methods.
Type 2 Diabetes and its Effects on MicroRNA-155 and MicroRNA-133a Expression in Lung Tissue of Male Rats
Authors: Khezri Maria , Rahbarghazi Reza , Ahmadi Mahdi , Sandoghchian Siamak , Nourazarian Alireza , shademan behrouz , Abdi Meysam , khaki-khatibi Fatemeh 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: The presence of an extensive vascular extent and large amounts of collagen and elastin in lung tissue make the lung parenchyma vulnerable to damage in diabetes. However, there are few studies on the pathophysiological effects of diabetes on lung tissue. In this study, we investigated the effects of type 2 diabetes on lung tissue pathology and the expression of miRNA-155 and miRNA-133a in lung tissue of male rats.Methods: In this study, 14 male rats were divided into a control group and a group with diabetes. The group with diabetes received a high-fat diet and a single dose of streptozotocin for one month. After induction of T2D, the rats received a normal diet for the next four weeks. At week 8, the rats were euthanized, and lung tissue was collected to measure microRNAs and examine tissue changes.Results: When lung tissue sections from diabetic rats were examined, the normal structure of the alveoli and alveolar sacs and bronchioles was disturbed. The thickness of interalveolar septa was increased due to the infiltration of inflammatory cells. The extensive alveolar collapse was the main cause of lung tissue structure disruption, and the accumulation of inflammatory cells and exudate secretions resulted in an interstitial pneumonia-like appearance. The expression of miRNA-155 was increased, and the expression of miRNA-133a was decreased in the lungs of diabetic rats compared with control rats.Conclusion: We found significant changes in the lung tissue of diabetic rats. By studying changes in the expression of microRNAs in diabetes, they can be a diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker in the lungs of patients with diabetes.
Assessing Volcanic Hazard and Exposure at Obscure Volcanic Fields: A Case Study from the Bolaven Volcanic Field, Laos
Authors: Verolino Andrea , Jenkins Susanna F. , Sieh Kerry , Herrin Jason S. , Schonwalder-Angel Dayana , Sihavong Vanpheng , Oh Jee Hon 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Southeast Asia hosts a large number of active and well-studied volcanoes, the majority of which are located in Indonesia and the Philippines. Northern Southeast Asia (Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand and Vietnam) also hosts volcanoes that for several reasons (post-World War II conflicts, poor accessibility due to dense vegetation, no known historical activity) have been little studied. Systematic assessments of the threat these volcanoes pose to resident populations do not exist, despite evidence of numerous eruptions through the late Pleistocene and likely even during the Holocene. A recent study that inferred the location of the Australasian meteorite impact (which produced the largest known tektite strewn field on Earth) beneath the Bolaven Volcanic Field in southern Laos provided a wealth of data for that volcanic field, in particular, mapping of vents and flows, and their absolute ages. Building upon this foundation, we used the Bolaven Volcanic Field as a case study for assessing the potential exposure of populations and infrastructure to lava flows during future eruptions there. Our study uses remote sensing of past flows, lava-flow simulations and open-access exposure data, to assess hazards and exposure. Our results show that future vents are most likely to occur in a N-S band atop the Bolaven Plateau, with some flows channelled into canyons that spill down the plateau flanks onto lower plains that support more populated areas such as the provincial centre, Pakse. Our exposure assessment suggests that around 300,000 people could experience socio-economic impacts from future eruptions. The largest impacts would be on two of the main economic sectors in the region, agriculture and hydropower. The potential also exists for life-threatening explosions from interactions between magma and surface waters, which are abundant in the region. We estimate an Average Recurrence Interval of approximately 10,400 years.
The Role of IGF-Pathway Biomarkers in Determining Risks, Screening, and Prognosis in Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review.
Authors: Pohlman Alexander W. , Moudgalya Hita , Jordano Lia , Lobato Gabriela C. , Gerard David , Liptay Michael J. , Seder Christopher W. , BORGIA JEFFREY A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Detection rates of early-stage lung cancer are traditionally low, which contributes to inconsistent treatment responses and the highest rates of annual cancer deaths in the U.S. Currently, age and smoking history are the primary factors that qualify patients for low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening, which contributes heavily to a high false discovery rate. This limitation to the current screening paradigm has prompted research to identify biomarkers that will help more clearly define eligible patients for LDCT screening, differentiate indeterminate pulmonary nodules, and select individualized cancer therapy. Biomarkers within the Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) family have come to the forefront of this research. Methods: Literature available through PubMed and Google Scholar sources was cataloged using keywords: {Lung Cancer} AND {IGF} AND {Risk OR Diagnosis OR Prognosis OR Prognostication OR Treatment}. The results were summarized and provided herein.Results: Multiple biomarkers within the IGF family (or axis) have been investigated, most notably IGF-I and IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3). However, newer studies seek to expand this search to other molecules within the IGF axis. Results have differed, however, due to features such as the pre-disease variable expression of IGF-I and IGFBP-3, likely promoted by factors such as obesity and smoking history. Certain studies have demonstrated these biomarkers are useful as a companion test alongside lung cancer screening, but other findings were not as conclusive, possibly owing to measurement bias from pre-analytical variables and non-standardized assay techniques. Research also has suggested IGF biomarkers may be beneficial in the prognostication and subsequent application of treatment via systemic therapy. Despite these advances, however, additional knowledge as to the intricacies of regulatory mechanisms inherent to this system are necessary to more fully harness the potential clinical utility for diagnostic tests and to identify novel targets for therapeutic intervention. Conclusions: The IGF system likely plays a role in multiple phases of lung cancer; however, there is a surplus of conflicting data, especially prior to development of the disease and during early stages of detection. IGF biomarkers may be valuable in the screening, prognosis, and treatment of lung cancer, though their exact application requires further study.
Should the Small Intestine Be Avoided in Pelvic Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy?
Authors: Huang Rong , Liu Tian , Pang Haowen , Zhang Zhenhua , Du Xiuju , Wu Jingbo , Li Dan , Wen Qinglian 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objectives. This study aimed to evaluate changes in small intestine position during whole pelvic intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for patients with gynecologic malignancies using computed tomographic images during treatment and to investigate whether the small intestine should be avoided for delineation of pelvic lymph nodes in IMRT. Methods. Thirty-one patients with gynecologic malignancies were included for pelvic radiotherapy and divided into two groups: surgical (n=15) and non-surgical (n=16). The 10th, 15th, and 20th fractions of the computed tomographic images were reviewed and changes in the intersection volume of the small intestine in the hot-spot areas compared to the initial planning scan were recorded.Results. During radiotherapy, the proportion of overlapping area of intersecting volume in the hot-spot area, which included the left common iliac nodes, right common iliac nodes, left internal iliac nodes, right internal iliac nodes, left external iliac nodes, right external iliac nodes, left obturator nodes, right obturator nodes, and presacral nodes, was 16.52%, 28.05%, 18.65%, 37.16%, 39.18%, 49.67%, 23.74%, 50.07%, and 42.65%, respectively, for the non-surgical group, and 39.57%, 34.41%, 18.45%, 31.21%, 44.21%, 43.39%, 31.32%, 49.67%, and 27.59%, respectively, for the surgical group.Conclusion. The proportion of the overlapping area of the intersecting volume accounted for 50% or less in patients, regardless of whether they had been operated on. Therefore, it is recommended that the small intestine, regardless of whether they had been operated on or not, does not need to be avoided for delineation of pelvic lymph nodes for gynecological malignancies (Clinical trial registration number: ChiCTR2100043240).
Comparison of the Value of SOFA and Pitt Bacteremia Scores in the Prognostic Evaluation of Patients With Hospital-acquired Klebsiella Pneumoniae Bloodstream Infection
Authors: Guo Jun , Fan Shuaihua , Lin Jinlan , Wu Sheng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This clinical research studied the value of SOFA score and Pitt bacteremia score in the prognosis assessment of patients with hospital-acquired Klebsiella pneumonia bloodstream infection. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 40 patients with hospital-acquired Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection in a tertiary hospital from January 2016 to December 2020. For these patients, the SOFA score and Pitt bacteremia score were used to evaluate the prognosis. Logistic regression was performed with the known prognosis results to obtain the best cut-off value, sensitivity, and specificity. Pitt bacteremia score [3 (3-4) points to 6 (5.5-7) points] and SOFA score [7 (6-10) points to 17 (13-17.5) points] in the survival group were lower than those in the death group (P<0.05). The SOFA score predicts the death of hospital-acquired Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection patients with a sensitivity of 80%, a specificity of 84%, and the area under curve(AUC) of SOFA score is 0.8960 (95% CI 0.7951-0.9969); Pitt bacteremia score predicts the hospital-acquired Klebsiella pneumoniae blood infection with a sensitivity of 86.67%, a specificity of 80%, and AUC of Pitt bacteremia score is 0.9413 (95% CI 0.8700- 1.000). Both the SOFA score and the Pitt bacteremia score have predictive value for the prognosis of patients with HAI (hospital acquired infection) Klebsiella pneumonia blood infection. However, the difference shows that the SOFA score has obvious accuracy and specificity in the prognosis of patients with HAI Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection, it is better than the Pitt bacteremia score and has greater application prospects in prognostic evaluation.
Nos2 -/- Mice Infected With M. Tuberculosis Develop Neurobehavioral Changes and Immunopathology Mimicking Human Central Nervous System Tuberculosis
Authors: Poh Xuan Ying , Hong Jia Mei , Bai Chen , Miow Qing Hao , Thong Pei Ming , Wang Yu , Rajarethinam Ravisankar , Ding Cristine S.L. , Ong Catherine W.M. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundUnderstanding the pathophysiology of central nervous system tuberculosis (CNS-TB) is hampered by the lack of a good pre-clinical model that mirrors the human CNS-TB infection. We developed a murine CNS-TB model that demonstrates neurobehavioral changes with similar immunopathology with human CNS-TB. MethodsWe injected two Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( M.tb ) strains, H37Rv and CDC1551, respectively, into two mouse strains, C3HeB/FeJ and Nos2 -/- mice, either into the third ventricle or intravenous. We compared the neurological symptoms, histopathological changes and levels of adhesion molecules, chemokines, and inflammatory cytokines in the brain induced by the infections through different routes in different strains. ResultsIntra-cerebroventricular infection of Nos2 -/- mice with M.tb led to development of neurological signs and more severe brain granulomas compared to C3HeB/FeJ mice. Compared with CDC1551 M.tb , H37Rv M.tb infection resulted in a higher neurobehavioral score and earlier mortality. Intra-cerebroventricular infection caused necrotic neutrophil-dominated pyogranulomas in the brain relative to intravenous infection which resulted in disseminated granulomas and mycobacteraemia. Histologically, intra-cerebroventricular infection of Nos2 -/- mice with M.tb resembled human CNS-TB brain biopsy specimens. H37Rv intra-cerebroventricular infected mice demonstrated higher brain concentrations of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and adhesion molecule ICAM-1 than H37Rv intravenous-infected mice. ConclusionsIntra-cerebroventricular infection of Nos2 -/- mice with H37Rv creates a murine CNS-TB model that resembled human CNS-TB immunopathology, exhibiting the worst neurobehavioral score and with a high and early mortality reflecting disease severity and its associated neurological morbidity. Our murine CNS-TB model serves as a pre-clinical platform to dissect host-pathogen interactions and evaluate therapeutic agents for CNS-TB.