bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robot Arm Inverse Kinematics Wrist Tilt Repair Using PID Control System (Proportional, Integrative, Derivative)
Authors: Daulay B H , Lydia M S , Sembiring R W 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This study aims to improve the inverse kinematics control method is usually used to control the movement of the arm robot. The tilting point on the wrist becomes the main concern because a certain point in the moving of the arm robot is tilted. Usually, the initial move on the x, y, and z coordinates, and the farthest point in these coordinates occurs the slope. In this study, the inverse kinematics control adjusted to meet the stability of the wrist in a horizontal position. The slope value is measured using the Accelerometer + gyroscope sensor and used as an error value is then processed with proportional, integrative, derivative (PID) to obtain smoother changes in motion.
Effect of airflow on Heat Pump in drying mode
Authors: Sihombing H V , Romauli N D M , Sinamo K N , Ambarita H 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Manufacturers develop new technologies to process sensitive food materials to supply new products with improved properties and high quality. Heat pump technologies for drying can contribute to increased productivity, product quality, environmental and energy-saving benefits. Development of heat pump increase to decrease the drying time. A heat pump has been designed and fabricated. This paper improves the drying process with a variance air flow of the heat pump. During the experiment, the temperature, and relative humidity of hot drying air was the measure. The heat was analysed during the drying experiment. The result showed that the airflow of the drying has a high impact on drying. The temperature on the drying are plotted. This fact suggests that the direct contact on surface commodity, made the temperature on commodity has high.
Face Recognition using Self Organizing Map Based on Multi-Level Thresholding and Features Extraction
Authors: Saleh A , Dharshinni NP , Azmi F 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Facial recognition has played a very important role in security systems in recent decades. Various studies have been conducted to find a good method for this recognition to be effective. The facial recognition process in this study uses the self-organizing maps (SOM) method which is based on Multi-Level Thresholding segmentation and extraction of image features. The obtained face image will be segmented using Multi-Level Thresholding and the face will be generated without involving the background. The image that has been segmented will be calculated the values of texture feature extraction using GLCM and color feature extraction using HSV. The resulting image will be carried out by a training and testing process for facial recognition using the self-organizing map (SOM) method. The test results in the proposed study showed good results with an introduction rate of 78.44%. This percentage is higher than face recognition without a segmentation process with a recognition rate of 65.78%. This shows that the proposed method has better performance for the face recognition process without involving the segmentation process.
Application of A-Star Algorithm on Pathfinding Game
Authors: Candra Ade , Budiman Mohammad Andri , Pohan Rahmat Irfan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Pathfinding is the method for determining the shortest path. Pathfinding is widely used in various fields of Computer Science. One of them is game development. This research will design and analyze the pathfinding using the A-Star algorithm and implement it on a tree planting game. The Artificial Intelligence in the game will find its own shortest path from the start node to the goal node. The heuristic of A-Star is the Manhattan Distance that allows movement in four different directions. The result shows that the number of visited nodes will increase if the grid has many obstacle nodes, and the average time of the A-Star pathfinding process is 0.0732 seconds.
Detection of COVID-19 from Chest X-rays Using Resnet-50
Authors: Sreejith V , George Thomas 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
COVID-19 is a pandemic caused by SARS-COV2 which started from December, 2019 and is being spreading since then. There are more than 12 million cases in India and more than 130 million cases worldwide according to the current statistics. One of the basic challenges we face today is the early detection of this disease and putting the patients in special care as soon as possible. It’s fast spreading nature makes the situation more complex and putting together all the solutions we have today it seems like the wave is not under control. Current diagnosing methods and cures have its own drawbacks and it is clear that we need an alternate solution. The aim of the study is to evaluate performance of state-of-the-art pre-trained model ResNet-50 on COVID-Chest X-ray dataset consisting of 1000 samples. Resnet-50 achieved 96% accuracy with 0.98 sensitivity and 0.95 specificity.
An exploratory study on the viability of ECG Based application on Deducting Arrthymia Deduction
Authors: Amuthan R. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Automatic ECG classification is becoming a more common method in medical diagnosis and treatment. MATLAB was used to carry out the analysis proposed in this article. It is to classify that the ECG signals’ normality and abnormality are focused and the heartbeat is causing Arrythmia have been highlighter in this paper. The device called Electrocardiogram (ECG) has been a test which is to be done on the heart to see where there is Symptoms in the heart functioning. This paper contains the following details. To summarize, after collecting and filtering the ECG signal, morphological and dynamic features were extracted from the signal, which were then used in a two-step classification process.
Mobile application based assistive bot for intralogistics
Authors: Joshua Emmanuel P , Nagasuresh Manni , Anitha Mary X. , Roshini R , Kingston Stanley P 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In recent years, technology has been developing rapidly to meet the increasing demand for human needs. Using robotics, human needs are met with speed and accuracy [2]. A robotic arm works by the controls provided by the user or by predetermined commands. The project described here is a robotic arm with 3 degrees of freedom to pick and place objects. The robotic arm is controlled using a mobile application and Bluetooth communication. The robotic arm uses servo motors interfaced with Arduino.
Industry 4.0-A Breakthrough in artificial Intelligence the Internet of Things and Big Data towards the next digital revolution for high business outcome and delivery
Authors: Sindhu V. , Anitha G. , Geetha R. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The assembling ventures are presently changing from large scale manufacturing to redid creation. The quick headways in assembling advances and applications in the ventures help in expanding efficiency and increased flexibility for smooth production. Industry 4.0 is the new term coined by the German Scientist and it is the most needed upgrading strategy for the present industrial revolution. It caters the need for the on demand technology where the sectors like 3D printing, Big data, block model, Artificial Intelligence, Machine learning with Internet of things play a big role in all the industrial areas today. Today need like on demand delivery can be achieved through this 4.0 standard thereby making high revenue for the organization’s business and customers as well. This paper insists the need for all the industries to upgrade themselves to adopt the Industry standard 4.0. It includes a deep survey on the industry 4.0standard and it significance in different disciplines of technology. It gives an opportunity and the viable scope for the industries to move forward and take their business a head following the practices in this standard. Thus this paper proposes a new business model which will give a phenomenal scope in the above said verticals.
Task specific Brain Synchronization in EEG based Speech and Speech Imagery Procedures
Authors: Anandha Sree R , Divya B , Kavitha A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Speech being a complicated cognitive skill of the brain, retrieving verbal information from spoken and imagined speech using electrophysiological signal is widely under research to assist the impaired. Electroencephalography has been a successful medium in analyzing the temporal and behavioral changes happening in the brain during any task. In this work an endeavor has been made to distinguish such changes while speaking and envisioning speaking the phoneme of vowel ‘a’. The brain activity was recorded from volunteers while speaking and envisioning speaking the vowel ‘a’ and the basic signal processing routines were applied. The EEG sub-band frequencies were extracted using Fast Fourier Transform (fft). The synchronization indices were assessed for the segmented signals of various sub-band frequencies and the behavioral changes were enlisted. It was seen that the left hemisphere of the brain functioned synchronously during speech task and an inverse phenomenon was observed during the imagery task. Hence the possibility of reconstructing the broken or incomplete speech from the directly recorded brain activity has reached a step ahead towards the milestone. This work exhibits the analysis of brain connectivity parameters while speaking and imagining a vowel ‘a’. Speech imagery can be used to decode the thoughts for patients who are unable to express their thoughts, using non-invasive techniques.
Varicose vein controlling system using EMG signals
Authors: Chandramohan Abinya , Sasi Anju , Venkatesh Suresh , Mohanarathinam A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Varicose veins are described as a neurological (mainly leg) disorder caused by irregular upward movement of blood flow in the arteries. The arteries were twisted, becoming swollen by either a huge condition called edema. The disease has a range of complicated consequences which is exacerbate the problem of varicose veins. Although varicose veins become wide, it may well be appropriate to remove by surgery. Varicose venous therapy involves intrusive and non-invasive therapies. The anti-approaches, include such as laser treatment and those complications of common techniques. The avoidance of such an issue in the varicose vein is fixed by knowing the exact pressure accumulated and in the leg. In this initiative, the approximation of the pressure in the leg must be compared with the normal pressure accumulated in the leg region. If the peak pressure is smaller than average, the system uses EMG signals to calculate the exact value, so that the artificial pressure generator produces enough pressure to compensate for all pressures. This device will contribute to both a cost-effective and user-friendly, there the efficiency of device compared with the several other therapeutic approaches. Compared with until the device usage and after device usage results our device will be more cost-effective and user-friendly also it can reduce the rate of accumulation to 74%. Patients caused by varicose veins can use the device that is healthier than the most of other clinical treatments.
Wearables for Respiratory Sound Classification
Authors: Shivapathy R. , Saji Steny , Haider Nishi Shahnaj 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Respiratory disorders being one of the leading causes of deaths in the world, auscultation is one of the most popular methods used in early diagnosis and prevention, but this method faces drawbacks due to human errors. Hence the importance of an automated diagnosis method is being considered. This article investigates the classification of normal and adventitious respiratory sound analysis using the deep CNN RNN model. The classification models and strategies classify breathing sound anomalies such as wheeze and crackle for automated diagnosis of respiratory sounds. The data received through acquisition is denoised with Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition, a noise assisted version of the EMD algorithm. The features of respiratory sound are extracted and sent for training in the CNN-RNN model for classification. The proposed classification model scores an accuracy of 0.98, sensitivity of 0.96 and specificity of 1 for the four class prediction.
Large aperture and durable glass-engraved optical metasurfaces using nanoparticle etching masks: prospects and future directions
Authors: Ray Nathan J , Yoo Jae-Hyuck , Nguyen Hoang T , Feigenbaum Eyal 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Metasurfaces (MSs), or surfaces consisting of engineered spatially oriented sub-wavelength elements—also known as meta-atoms—are quickly becoming a burgeoning field of interest due to their seemingly unparalleled control over the propagation of light. This article will discuss the emergence of a MS technology that is based on dewetting thin metal films to form dry etching masks for MS fabrication. The novelty this process presents is the ability to spatially vary mask features—which translates into spatially varying index of the finished surface—in a way that, rather than writing subwavelength elements one-by-one, writes entire areas at once to provide a route to easily scale the process up to meter-sized optics. Glass-engraved MSs have shown to be laser damage resistant, with damage thresholds close to the parent substrate damage thresholds. Furthermore, these surfaces have proven to be mechanically durable and capable of handling normal loads two orders of magnitude higher than that of an average fingerprint pressure. This indicates that accidental handling contact is not detrimental to the MS optical performance. Also discussed are the foreseeable technological challenges, potential solutions for those obstacles, and some currently unexplored directions for future efforts.
Physical multimorbidity and incident urinary incontinence among community-dwelling adults aged ≥50 years: findings from a prospective analysis of the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing
Authors: Smith Lee , Shin Jae Il , Ghayda Ramy Abou , Hijaz Adonis , Sheyn David , Pope Rachel , Hong Sun Hwi , Kim Sung Eun , Ilie Petre Cristian , Carrie Anne Marie , Ippoliti Simona , Soysal Pinar , Barnett Yvonne , Pizzol Damiano , Koyanagi Ai 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
There are no prospective studies on the association between multimorbidity and urinary incontinence (UI), while mediators in this association are unknown. Thus, we aimed to (i) investigate the longitudinal association between multimorbidity and UI in a large sample of Irish adults aged ≥50 years and (ii) investigate to what extent physical activity, polypharmacy, cognitive function, sleep problems, handgrip strength and disability mediate the association.

Methods
Data on 5,946 adults aged ≥50 years old from the Irish Longitudinal Study on Aging were analysed. The baseline survey was conducted between 2009 and 2011 and follow-up after 2 years was conducted. Information on self-reported occurrence of UI in the past 12 months and lifetime diagnosis of 14 chronic conditions were obtained. Multivariable logistic regression and mediation analysis were conducted.

Results
After adjustment for potential confounders, compared to having no chronic conditions at baseline, having three (odds ratio [OR] = 1.79; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.30–2.48) and four or more (OR = 1.86; 95% CI = 1.32–2.60), chronic conditions were significantly associated with incident UI. Mediation analysis showed that polypharmacy, sleep problems and disability explained 22.7, 17.8 and 14.7% of the association between multimorbidity (i.e. two or more chronic conditions) and incident UI, respectively.

Conclusion
A greater number of chronic conditions at baseline were associated with a higher risk for incident UI at 2-year follow-up among adults aged ≥50 years in Ireland. Considering the effects of different medications on UI and improving sleep quality and disability among people aged ≥50 years with multimorbidity may reduce the incidence of UI.
Plasma Adiponectin and Blood Pressure Progression in African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study
Authors: Kaze Arnaud D , Musani Solomon K , Bidulescu Aurelian , Correa Adolfo , Golden Sherita H , Bertoni Alain G , Echouffo-Tcheugui Justin B 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
Little is known on the association of plasma adiponectin with blood pressure (BP) changes in African Americans (AAs). We evaluated the associations between plasma adiponectin and BP progression among AAs.

Methods
We analyzed data from 1,184 participants without hypertension at baseline (2000–2004) with ≥1 follow-up visits in the Jackson Heart Study. We used robust Poisson regression to generate risk ratios (RRs) for BP progression (an increase by ≥1 BP stage) and incident hypertension.

Results
Over a median of 7 years, 71% progressed to higher BP stage and 65% developed hypertension. We found evidence of interaction by sex (P-interaction = 0.088). Compared with those in the lowest quartile (Q1), male participants in the highest adiponectin quartile (Q4) had reduced risks of BP progression (RR 0.76 [95% confidence interval, CI, 0.60–0.96]) and incident hypertension (RR 0.74 [95% CI 0.56–0.97]). After accounting for body mass index, this relation persisted among obese men (RR for the highest [vs. lowest] adiponectin quartile: 0.59 [95% CI 0.36–0.97] for incident hypertension, and 0.69 [95% CI 0.45–1.06] for BP progression). Among women, adiponectin was not associated with BP outcomes (RR [95% CI] for Q4 vs. Q1: 1.03 [0.86–1.23] and 1.01 [0.83–1.23] for BP progression and incident hypertension, respectively). Our findings were consistent across both the American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) and Seventh Joint National Committee (JNC-7) BP categories.

Conclusions
In a large, community-based sample of AAs, higher adiponectin concentrations were associated with lower risks of BP progression and incident hypertension in men, but no significant association was observed in women.
Verbal Fluency Tasks: Influence of Age, Gender, and Education and Normative Data for the Spanish Native Adult Population
Authors: Lubrini Genny , Periáñez José A , Laseca-Zaballa Garazi , Bernabéu-Brotons Elena , Ríos-Lago Marcos 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective: Phonological and semantic verbal fluency (VF) tasks are frequently used to assess language and executive functions in both clinical and research settings. F, A, and S are the most commonly used letters in phonological tasks across languages and cultures. Unfortunately, the lack of norms for the native Spanish population for these letters, and for certain semantic categories such as “proper names,” may lead to misinterpretation of scores due to demographic differences. The aim of the present study was to provide normative data for F, A, and S and for “proper names,” “animals,” and “fruits and vegetables” for the native Spanish population. Method: 257 healthy subjects took part in the study (ages: 17–100 years, 3–20 years of education). Correlation, multiple regression, and t-tests were used to select the most appropriate variables for stratification. Results: Education was the best predictor of performance in all tasks, followed by age. Given that t-test results showed no differences related to gender, with the only exception of the semantic category “animals,” this variable was not considered for stratification. Consequently, the data were stratified in two education levels (&lt;13, ≥13 years of education) and in two age levels (&lt;60, ≥60) within the low-educational level group. Mean, standard deviation, and percentile scores for each group are provided. Conclusions: The present norms provide a reference for clinicians assessing VF. This data may also facilitate comparisons with other normative studies in cross-cultural and cross-linguistic research.
Coercive Control: Patterns in Crimes, Arrests and Outcomes for a New Domestic Abuse Offence
Authors: Brennan Iain , Myhill Andy 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Critics of the criminalization of coercive control warned that the criminal justice system was ill-prepared for a conceptualization of domestic abuse that relies on victim accounts of fear and manipulation rather than on evidence of violence. Using data obtained through Freedom of Information requests to police forces and aggregated police records, this paper presents police force-level and nationwide patterns in recorded crimes, police arrests and crime outcomes for this new crime and shows that, nationally, the number of recorded crimes and arrests rose steadily in its first three years, but there was significant variation in these patterns between police forces. Analysing police outcomes, we demonstrate that coercive control crimes face greater procedural challenges and are far less likely to result in prosecution than domestic abuse crimes in general. We discuss the implications of these trends and findings for the policing and criminalization of coercive control.
Hindlimb Somatosensory Information Influences Trunk Sensory and Motor Cortices to Support Trunk Stabilization
Authors: Nandakumar Bharadwaj , Blumenthal Gary H , Pauzin Francois Philippe , Moxon Karen A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Sensorimotor integration in the trunk system is poorly understood despite its importance for functional recovery after neurological injury. To address this, a series of mapping studies were performed in the rat. First, the receptive fields (RFs) of cells recorded from thoracic dorsal root ganglia were identified. Second, the RFs of cells recorded from trunk primary sensory cortex (S1) were used to assess the extent and internal organization of trunk S1. Finally, the trunk motor cortex (M1) was mapped using intracortical microstimulation to assess coactivation of trunk muscles with hindlimb and forelimb muscles, and integration with S1. Projections from trunk S1 to trunk M1 were not anatomically organized, with relatively weak sensorimotor integration between trunk S1 and M1 compared to extensive integration between hindlimb S1/M1 and trunk M1. Assessment of response latency and anatomical tracing suggest that trunk M1 is abundantly guided by hindlimb somatosensory information that is derived primarily from the thalamus. Finally, neural recordings from awake animals during unexpected postural perturbations support sensorimotor integration between hindlimb S1 and trunk M1, providing insight into the role of the trunk system in postural control that is useful when studying recovery after injury.