bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in striatal dopamine transporters in bipolar disorder and valproate treatment
Authors: Hsueh Yuan-Shuo , Lin Chih-Ying , Chiu Nan-Tsing , Yang Yen Kuang , Chen Po See , Chang Hui Hua 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background
Previous studies suggested that a disturbance of the dopamine system underlies the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD). In addition, the therapeutic action of medications for treating BD, such as valproate (VPA), might modulate dopamine system activity, but it remains unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of the striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) in BD patients and in social defeat (SD) mice treated with VPA.

Methods
We enrolled community-dwelling controls (N = 18) and BD patients (N = 23) who were treated with VPA in a euthymic stage. The striatal DAT availabilities were approached by TRODAT-1 single photon emission computed tomography. We also established a chronic SD mouse model and treated mice with 350 mg/kg VPA for 3 weeks. Behavioral tests were administered, and striatal DAT expression levels were determined.

Results
In humans, the level of striatal DAT availability was significantly higher in euthymic BD patients (1.52 ± 0.17 and 1.37 ± 0.23, p = 0.015). Moreover, the level of striatal DAT availability was also negatively correlated with the VPA concentration in BD patients (r = −0.653, p = 0.003). In SD mice, the expression of striatal DAT significantly increased (p < 0.001), and the SD effect on DAT expression was rescued by VPA treatment.

Conclusions
The striatal DAT might play a role in the pathophysiology of BD and in the therapeutic mechanism of VPA. The homeostasis of DAT might represent a new therapeutic strategy for BD patients.
Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab for Treatment-Naïve Metastatic Uveal Melanoma: An Open-Label, Multicenter, Phase II Trial by the Spanish Multidisciplinary Melanoma Group (GEM-1402)
Authors: Piulats José María , Espinosa Enrique , de la Cruz Merino Luis , Varela Mar , Alonso Carrión Lorenzo , Martín-Algarra Salvador , López Castro Rafael , Curiel Teresa , Rodríguez-Abreu Delvys , Redrado Miriam , Gomà Montserrat , Rullán Antonio José , Calvo González Alfonso , Berrocal-Jaime Alfonso 
Published: January 2021

PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the efficacy of the combination of nivolumab (nivo) plus ipilimumab (ipi) as a first-line therapy with respect to the 12-month overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic uveal melanoma (MUM) who are not eligible for liver resection. METHODS This was a single-arm, phase II trial led by the Spanish Multidisciplinary Melanoma Group (GEM) on nivo plus ipi for systemic treatment-naïve patients of age > 18 years, with histologically confirmed MUM, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group-PS 0/1, and confirmed progressive metastatic disease (M1). Nivo (1 mg/kg once every 3 weeks) and ipi (3 mg/kg once every 3 weeks) were administered during four inductions, followed by nivo (3 mg/kg once every 2 weeks) until progressive disease, toxicity, or withdrawal. The primary end point was 12-month OS. OS, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall response rate were evaluated every 6 weeks using RECIST (v1.1). Safety was also evaluated. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard models comprising relevant clinical factors were used to evaluate the potential association with response to treatment and survival. Cytokines were quantified in serum samples for their putative role in immune modulation/angiogenesis and/or earlier evidence of involvement in immunotherapy. RESULTS A total of 52 patients with a median age of 59 years (range, 26-84 years) were enrolled. Overall, 78.8%, 56%, and 32% of patients had liver M1, extra-liver M1, and elevated lactate dehydrogenase. Stable disease was the most common outcome (51.9%). The primary end point was 12-month OS, which was 51.9% (95% CI, 38.3 to 65.5). The median OS and PFS were 12.7 months and 3.0 months, respectively. PFS was influenced by higher LDH values. CONCLUSIONS Nivo plus ipi in the first-line setting for MUM showed a modest improvement in OS over historical benchmarks of chemotherapy, with a manageable toxicity profile.
Early Interdisciplinary Supportive Care in Patients With Previously Untreated Metastatic Esophagogastric Cancer: A Phase III Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Lu Zhihao , Fang Yu , Liu Chang , Zhang Xiaotian , Xin Xiaowei , He Yi , Cao Yanshuo , Jiao Xi , Sun Tianqi , Pang Ying , Wang Yanli , Zhou Jun , Qi Changsong , Gong Jifang , Wang Xicheng , Li Jian , Tang Lili , Shen Lin 
Published: January 2021

PURPOSEEffective interventions to improve prognosis in metastatic esophagogastric cancer (EGC) are urgently needed. We assessed the effect of the early integration of interdisciplinary supportive care for patients with metastatic EGC on overall survival (OS).PATIENTS AND METHODSAn open-label, phase III, randomized, controlled trial was conducted at Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute. Patients with previously untreated metastatic EGC were enrolled. Patients were randomly assigned (2:1) to either early interdisciplinary supportive care (ESC) integrated into standard oncologic care or standard care (SC). ESC was provided by a team of GI medical oncologists, oncology nurse specialists, dietitians, and psychologists; patients in the SC group received standard oncologic care alone. The primary end point was OS in the intention-to-treat population.RESULTSBetween April 16, 2015, and December 29, 2017, 328 patients were enrolled: 214 in the ESC group and 114 in the SC group. At the data cutoff date of January 26, 2019, 15 (5%) patients were lost to follow-up. The median number of cycles of first-line chemotherapy was five (interquartile range [IQR], 4-7) in the ESC group and four (IQR, 2-6) in the SC group. The median OS was 14.8 months (95% CI, 13.3 to 16.3) in the ESC group and 11.9 months (95% CI, 9.6 to 13.6) in the SC group (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.51 to 0.9; P = .021).CONCLUSIONThe early integration of interdisciplinary supportive care is an effective intervention with survival benefits for patients with metastatic EGC. Further optimization and standardization are warranted.
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Selective Internal Radiotherapy With Yttrium-90 Versus Sorafenib in Locally Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Marqueen Kathryn E. , Kim Edward , Ang Celina , Mazumdar Madhu , Buckstein Michael , Ferket Bart S. 
Published: January 2021

PURPOSE: The recent sorafenib versus radioembolization in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (SARAH) and selective internal radiation therapy versus sorafenib in locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (SIRveNIB) trials showed no statistically significant difference in overall survival for randomization to selective internal radiotherapy (SIRT) versus sorafenib for locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, although SIRT was better tolerated. Given the high cost of both treatments, we investigated their comparative cost-effectiveness from a US healthcare sector perspective. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We constructed a state-transition microsimulation model to simulate patients allocated to SIRT versus sorafenib according to an intention-to-treat principle. Hazard rates of disease progression and death were based on pooled individual patient data generated from the SARAH and SIRveNIB trials’ Kaplan-Meier curves. Inputs for adverse events, treatment adherence, and quality of life utility weights were derived from trial data as well. Costs were based on Medicare reimbursement rates and literature. We performed probabilistic sensitivity analysis and estimated costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) over a 5-year time horizon. We evaluated sensitivity to uncertainty of key model parameters. RESULTS: Costs were $78,859 v $58,397 (difference $20,462; 95% uncertainty interval $14,444 to 27,205) and QALYs were 0.88 v 0.87 (difference 0.02, −0.02 to 0.05) for sorafenib versus SIRT, respectively. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of sorafenib was $1,280,224/QALY. The likelihood that sorafenib would be cost effective did not exceed 1%, assuming cost-effectiveness thresholds up to $200k/QALY. If the monthly price of sorafenib decreased from $16,390 to below $7,000, the ICER of sorafenib fell below $200k/QALY, and an ICER < $100k/QALY was reached if the monthly price fell below $6,600. CONCLUSION: Sorafenib is unlikely to provide a gain in quality-adjusted survival compared with SIRT at an acceptable cost for the US healthcare sector. Only if the current price decreased by more than 50% would sorafenib be considered economically attractive.
Creating and Validating a Predictive Model for Suitability of Hospital at Home for Patients With Solid-Tumor Malignancies
Authors: Chen Kevin , Desai Keval , Sureshanand Soundari , Adelson Kerin , Schwartz Jeremy I. , Gross Cary P. , Chaudhry Sarwat I. 
Published: January 2021

PURPOSE:Hospital at home (HaH) is a means of providing inpatient-level care at home. Selection of admissions potentially suitable for HaH in oncology is not well studied. We sought to create a predictive model for identifying admissions of patients with cancer, specifically solid-tumor malignancies, potentially suitable for HaH.METHODS:In this observational study, we analyzed admissions of patients with solid-tumor malignancies and unplanned admissions (January 1, 2015, to June 12, 2019) at an academic, urban cancer hospital. Potential suitability for HaH was the primary outcome. Admissions were considered potentially suitable if they did not involve escalation of care, rapid response evaluation, in-hospital death, telemetry, surgical procedure, consultation to a procedural service, advanced imaging, transfusion, restraints, and nasogastric tube placement. Admission source, patient demographics, vital signs, laboratory test results, comorbidities, admission and active cancer diagnoses, and recent hospital utilization were included as candidate variables in a multivariable logistic regression model.RESULTS:Of 3,322 admissions, 905 (27.2%) patients were potentially suitable for HaH. After variable selection in the derivation cohort (n = 1,097), thirteen factors predicted potential suitability: admission source; temperature and respiratory rate at presentation; hemoglobin; breast cancer, GI cancer, or malignancy of secondary or ill-defined origin; admission for genitourinary, musculoskeletal, or neurologic symptoms, intestinal obstruction or ileus, or evaluation of secondary malignancy; and emergency department visit in prior 90 days. Model c-statistics were 0.71 (95% CI, 0.68 to 0.75) and 0.63 (0.59 to 0.67) in the derivation and validation (n = 1,095) cohorts.CONCLUSION:Hospital admissions of patients potentially suitable for HaH may be identifiable using data available at admission.
Utility of Serial cfDNA NGS for Prospective Genomic Analysis of Patients on a Phase I Basket Study
Authors: Smyth Lillian M. , Reichel Jonathan B. , Tang Jiabin , Patel Juber Ahamad A. , Meng Fanli , Selcuklu Duygu S. , Houck-Loomis Brian , You Daoqi , Samoila Aliaksandra , Schiavon Gaia , Li Bob T. , Razavi Pedram , Piscuoglio Salvatore , Reis-Filho Jorge S. , Taylor Barry S. , Baselga José , Solit David B. , Hyman David M. , Berger Michael F. , Chandarlapaty Sarat 
Published: January 2021

PURPOSECell-free DNA (cfDNA) analysis offers a noninvasive means to access the tumor genome. Despite limited sensitivity of broad-panel sequencing for detecting low-frequency mutations in cfDNA, it may enable more comprehensive genomic characterization in patients with sufficiently high disease burden. We investigated the utility of large-panel cfDNA sequencing in patients enrolled to a Phase I AKT1-mutant solid tumor basket study.METHODSPatients had AKT1 E17K-mutant solid tumors and were treated on the multicenter basket study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01226316 ) of capivasertib, an AKT inhibitor. Serial plasma samples were prospectively collected and sequenced using exon-capture next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis of 410 genes (Memorial Sloan Kettering [MSK]-Integrated Molecular Profiling of Actionable Cancer Target [IMPACT]) and allele-specific droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) for AKT1 E17K. Tumor DNA (tDNA) NGS (MSK-IMPACT) was also performed on available pretreatment tissue biopsy specimens.RESULTSAmong 25 patients, pretreatment plasma samples were sequenced to an average coverage of 504×. Somatic mutations were called in 20/25 (80%), with mutant allele fractions highly concordant with ddPCR of AKT1 E17K ( r2= 0.976). Among 17 of 20 cfDNA-positive patients with available tDNA for comparison, mutational concordance was acceptable, with 82% of recurrent mutations shared between tissue and plasma. cfDNA NGS captured additional tumor heterogeneity, identifying mutations not observed in tDNA in 38% of patients, and revealed oncogenic mutations in patients without available baseline tDNA. Longitudinal cfDNA NGS (n = 98 samples) revealed distinct patterns of clonal dynamics in response to therapy.CONCLUSIONLarge gene panel cfDNA NGS is feasible for patients with high disease burden and is concordant with single-analyte approaches, providing a robust alternative to ddPCR with greater breadth. cfDNA NGS can identify heterogeneity and potentially biologically informative and clinically relevant alterations.
Slow Photon-induced Enhancement of Photocatalytic Activity of Gold Nanoparticle-incorporated Titania Inverse Opal
Authors: Raja-Mogan Tharishinny , Lehoux Anais , Takashima Mai , Kowalska Ewa , Ohtani Bunsho 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Here, we report a novel structured material, titania inverse-opal photonic crystal with or without a single gold nanoparticle in each void, to provide a photoabsorption design strategy as enhanced photoreaction rates, only when wavelengths of photoirradiation, photoabsorption (by gold nanoparticles or titania), and photonic-bandgap edge are trebly matched.
Blueish-white-light-emitting Nanographenes Developed by Pd-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura Cross Coupling Reactions
Authors: Nishitani Shohei , Sekiya Ryo , Matsumoto Ikuya , Haino Takeharu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Top-down methods produce nanographenes with many carboxy groups on their edges. These functional groups can be utilized for developing multichromophoric systems. As proof of concept, pyrene is installed on the edges by Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. The lack of monomer emissions from the functionalized nanographenes indicates that the neighboring chromophores are sufficiently distant to form the excimer. The pyrene-installed nanographene emits bluish-white-light. Its lipophilic nature allows fabricating a nanographene-dispersed polymethyl methacrylate film emitting visible light.
Synthesis of Polysiloxanes with Functional Groups by Using Organometallic Carboxylate Catalysts
Authors: Matsuno Ryosuke , Ito Takamasa , Takamatsu Shigeaki , Takahara Atsushi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Linear polysiloxanes were synthesized by using organometallic carboxylic acid catalysts containing tin, zinc, or iron. By optimizing the amount of catalyst and the reaction temperature, polysiloxanes could be synthesized from dialkoxysilanes linked with vinyl monomers by the thiol–ene reaction. Furthermore, cross-linked polysiloxanes could be formed through interactions between the catalyst and the carboxylic acid in the monomer side chain.
Imaging features based on Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI for predicting vessels encapsulating tumor clusters (VETC) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Fan Yanfen , Yu Yixing , Hu Mengjie , Wang Ximing , Du Mingzhan , Guo Lingchuan , Hu Chunhong 
Published: January 2021

Objective:
To investigate the non-invasive prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with vessels encapsulating tumor clusters (VETC) based on qualitative and quantitative imaging features of gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced MRI.

Methods:
109 patients with pathologically confirmed HCC who underwent Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI and immunochemical staining for CD34 were retrospectively evaluated in our institution (the first affiliated hospital of Soochow university). Pre-operative imaging features of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI were qualitatively and quantitatively reviewed by radiologists. Significant variables for differentiating the VETC-positive and VETC-negative HCCs were identified in univariate and multivariate analyses. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to determine the optimal cut-off values for quantitative variables. The nomogram based on the coefficient of multivariate analysis was constructed to evaluate the probability of VETC-positive HCCs.

Results:
The multivariate analysis showed that the serum AST level &gt;40 U  l−1 (p = 0.007), non-rim diffuse and heterogeneous arterial phase hyperenhancement (p = 0.035), tumor-to-liver SI ratio of 1.135 or more on AP images (p = 0.001), and tumor-to-liver SI ratio of 0.585 or less on HBP images (p = 0.002) were significant predictors for predicting VETC-positive HCCs. Combing all four significant variables provided a diagnostic accuracy of 82.6%, sensitivity of 83.9%, specificity of 80.9% for identifying VETC status. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve value of the logistical regression coefficient-based nomogram was 0.885 (95% confidence intervals, 0.824–0.946).

Conclusion:
Qualitative and quantitative imaging features of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI integrating laboratory examination can provide good diagnostic performance.

Advances in knowledge:
VETC is a novel identified microvascular pattern; associations between imaging features and VETC status have not been investigated. Pre-operative diagnosis of VETC status in HCC is essential to help predict the outcome of patients and make a decision for the therapeutic schedule.
Impact of livestock interventions on maternal and child nutrition outcomes in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Muema Josphat , Oyugi Julius , Bukania Zipporah , Nyamai Mutono , Jost Christine , Daniel Tewoldeberhan , Njuguna Joseph , Thumbi Samuel Mwangi 
Published: January 2021

The challenge of undernutrition (stunting and wasting) still remains a major health concern in children below 5 years of age in Africa, with the continent accounting for more than one third of all stunted children and more than one quarter of all wasted children globally. Despite the growing evidence on the role of agriculture interventions in improving nutrition, empirical evidence on the impact of livestock intervention on nutrition in Africa is scant. This review is aimed at determining whether livestock interventions are effective in reducing undernutrition in children below five years of age and in pregnant and lactating women in Africa. The review will be conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Major electronic databases will be searched and complemented with grey and non-indexed literature from google and google scholar, and expert consultation for additional articles and reports. PICO criteria will be used while employing search strategies including MeSH, Boolean search operators and truncation/wildcard symbol to narrow or broaden the search. Articles on effect of livestock interventions on maternal and child nutrition conducted in Africa that meet the set inclusion criteria will be included in the review after critical appraisal by two independent reviewers. A standardized form will be used to extract data from included studies. The extracted data will be summarized and synthesized both qualitatively and quantitatively and key outcomes presented. Evidence generated from the systematic review and meta-analysis will be important for guiding nutrition sensitive livestock interventions and policies on nutrition programming, specifically on how to leverage on livestock interventions to reduce the burden of undernutrition.
TECNOLOGIAS EDUCACIONAIS NO ENADE DO CURSO DE LICENCIATURA EM LETRAS: ANÁLISE DE 2005 A 2017
Authors: Silva Daíne Cavalcanti da , Brito Glaucia Da Silva 
Published: January 2021

O foco deste estudo é analisar como são avaliados os professores de língua em formação, no que diz respeito às tecnologias educacionais, nas provas do ENADE (Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio) para o curso de Licenciatura em Letras, considerando o contexto da cibercultura. O objetivo do ENADE é verificar o rendimento dos alunos em comparação às diretrizes curriculares do curso. O corpus foi composto dos documentos publicados pelo INEP para a realização das avaliações e das provas aplicadas aos estudantes, nos anos de 2005 a 2017, bem como as diretrizes que norteiam o curso. A base teórica pautou-se em Brito e Purificação (2015), Kenski (2012), Moran, Mazetto e Behrens (2013) e Garcia-Vera (2003), Lévy (2010) e Lemos (2003), tem-se ainda os verbetes do Dicionário crítico de educação e tecnologias e de educação a distância organizado por Daniel Mill (2018). Foi realizada a análise de conteúdo do corpus a partir das categorias criadas, considerando a metodologia proposta por Bardin (2016). Confirmou-se a existência de questões que abordam a temática tecnologias educacionais e que ao longo dos anos houve uma preocupação em avaliar o entendimento dos professores de língua em formação para além da inserção de equipamentos nos ambientes de ensino. Percebeu-se ainda um aumento quantitativo e qualitativo ao longo dos anos em relação às questões aplicadas; temas foram incluídos e foi exigido dos licenciandos uma reflexão sobre a relação entre conteúdos e metodologias no ensino de línguas concernente às tecnologias educacionais.
AÇÕES FORMATIVAS (INSTITUCIONAIS) PARA A DOCÊNCIA NO ENSINO SUPERIOR NAS UNIVERSIDADES PÚBLICAS FEDERAIS BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Silva Judilma Oliveira 
Published: January 2021

O artigo trata da síntese da tese, desenvolvida no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação (PPGE), da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), investigou: como as Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES), especificamente as Universidades Públicas Federais Brasileiras, estão desenvolvendo ações institucionais voltadas à formação dos docentes, e de que forma a cultura digital está integrada a esses processos formativos? O objetivo foi mapear, no Brasil e nas Universidades Públicas Federais, os programas institucionais voltados para a formação docente. A base teórica fundamenta-se em Masetto (2015), Zabalza (2004), Nóvoa (2016), Pimenta e Anastasiou (2010), entre outros. A opção metodológica encontrou na fenomenologia a inspiração epistemológica para a produção dos dados e a compreensão dos significados produzidos pelas IES. O campo foi: a) aplicação de questionário, em 2016; b) entrevistas em seis IES de uma amostra de dez selecionadas; c) entrevistas com três IES das dez que haviam participado de um projeto piloto, em 2014. Percebeu-se que os processos formativos para as docências no Ensino Superior estão em crescimento, ainda que pesem situações de extinção do setor encarregado para tal e/ou incorporação das atividades por outro setor. Ressalta-se uma devolutiva de 70% das IES pesquisadas e os resultados sinalizaram avanços nas ofertas formativas propostas pelas instituições, ênfase na perspectiva instrumental quanto aos usos das TIC, com integração de recursos tecnológicos nos cursos, em detrimento de uma perspectiva culturalista. Existem boas possibilidades de incorporação da cultura digital, faz-se necessário estabelecer uma cultura institucional que reconheça e valorize a prática pedagógica dos docentes universitários.