bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a Combined Solar Bioenergy Plant for Disposal of Household Waste
Authors: Murodov Muzaffar Khabibullaevich , Pitchai Kanagavel 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This article presents one of the methods for modernizing a biowaste plant. Development opportunities are also being discussed to optimize the installation to maximize energy and environmental benefits. Methods for the biogas production, electrical energy and biological residue were considered and an analysis of the mass balance of the plant inputs and outputs was carried out. The energy and its environmental impact of the facility was assessed and ascertained that the facility has noteworthy ecological benefits. However, the research work elaborated by analyzing the plant operational material balance, that the quantity of methane generation and therefore the electricity generated can be further enhanced by combining this plant.
A layered parallel algorithm for data clustering via fuzzy c-means technique
Authors: Mu Yashuang , Wei Wei , Guo Hongyue , Sun Lijun 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this study, a layered parallel algorithm via fuzzy c-means (FCM) technique, called LP-FCM, is proposed in the framework of Map-Reduce for data clustering problems. The LP-FCM mainly contains three layers. The first layer follows a parallel data partitioning method which is developed to randomly divide the original dataset into several subdatasets. The second layer uses a parallel cluster centers searching method based on Map-Reduce, where the classic FCM algorithm is applied to search the cluster centers for each subdataset in Map phases, and all the centers are gathered to the Reduce phase for the confirmation of the final cluster centers through FCM technique again. The third layer implements a parallel data clustering method based on the final cluster centers. After comparing with some famous classic random initialization sequential clustering algorithms which include K-means, K-medoids, FCM and MinMaxK-means on 20 benchmark datasets, the feasibility in terms of clustering accuracy is evaluated. Furthermore, the clustering time and the parallel performance are also tested on some generated large-scale datasets for the parallelism.
The Photocatalytic Rate of ZnO Supported Onto A Natural Zeolite Nanoparticles In The Photodegradation of An Aromatic Amine
Authors: Iazdani Fereshteh , Nezamzadeh-Ejhieh Alireza 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The ZnO supported on the ball-mill prepared clinoptilolite nanoparticles (CNPs) was prepared via an ion-exchange process followed by the calcination process. The ZnO-CNP catalyst was briefly characterized by XRD, FTIR, and DRS techniques. The pHpzc value for the various ZnO-CNPs was about 7.1 that no changed with the ZnO loading. By applying the Scherrer equation on the XRD results, a nano-dimension was obtained for the catalyst. Band gap energy of the ZnO-CNP samples were estimated by applying the Kubelka-Munk equation on the DRS reflectance spectra. The supported ZnO-CNP sample was then used in the photodegradation of 2,4-dichloroaniline (DCA).The effects of the most important key operating factors on the degradation efficiency was kinetically studied by applying the Hinshelwood equation on the results. The ZnO-CNP catalyst with 2 w% ZnO showed the best photocatalytic rate in the optimal conditions of 0.75 g/L, CDCA: 15 ppm, and the initial pH: 5.8. Finally, HPLC analysis of the blank and the photodegraded DCA solutions at 180 and 300 min confirmed 74 and 87% of DCA molecules were degraded during these times.
Tailoring of Nanostructured ZnO-Fe3O4/TiO2 Composite Derived from MIL 125(Ti) for Efficient Photocatalytic Removal of Reactive Blue 21 from Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Esania Zahra , Younesi Habibollah , Nowrouzi Mohsen 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A novel nanostructured ZnO-Fe3O4/TiO2 composite derived from MIL 125(Ti) was synthesized using mixed solvo-hydrothermal and sol-gel methods for efficient removal of Reactive Blue 21 (RB 21) from aqueous solutions under different conditions. The thermal stability, crystalline structure development, and superparamagnetic properties of the final composite were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, and vibrating sample magnetometer instrument. The results approved that the as-synthesized ZnO-Fe3O4/TiO2 possessed a very high thermal stability up to ~ 900°C along with Zn-O, Ti-O, and Fe-O functional groups formation, which endowed superparamagnetic properties to this structure. A significant reduction of surface area from 603.96 (MIL 125(Ti)) to 51.48 m2/g (ZnO-Fe3O4/TiO2) was ascribed to the retailoring in construction, mesoporosity, and pore diameter development with a positive impact on the photocatalytic activities of the final product. The optimum condition with > 99% RB 21 removal was assigned at pH, initial concentration dye, catalyst dosage, and temperature of 2, 50 mg/L, 30 mg/100 mL, and 45°C, respectively. The thermodynamic studies disclosed that the adsorption process was nonspontaneous and endothermic. Furthermore, the synthesized ZnO-Fe3O4/TiO2 composite retained > 95% of its initial removal potential after five successive adsorption/desorption runs. Accordingly, ZnO-Fe3O4/TiO2 can be proposed for the successful removal of RB 21 in the wastewater treatment process.
Biarticular Hamstring Muscles Can Act as Knee Extensors – A Computer Simulation Study
Authors: Tokunaga Yuta , Takabayashi Tomoya , Inai Takuma , Watabe Takaya , Kubo Masayoshi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose: It is unclear whether biarticular hamstring muscles (HAM) can act as knee extensors or not. The purpose of this study is to identify the conditions that HAM can act as a knee extensor by using a computational simulation approach.Methods: The modified Gait2392 musculoskeletal model was used in this study. The posture was determined with a hip flexion angle that ranged from -30° to 90° and a knee flexion angle that ranged from -10 ° to 90 °. The simulations were executed under two conditions: all segments are free to move, non-contact with the ground (nCG), and the foot is constrained on the ground, contact with the ground (CG). Induced acceleration analysis was applied to determine the contribution of the HAM to the knee angular acceleration.Results: Three key findings were discovered. 1) HAM can act as knee extensors that have CG condition as well as nCG condition. 2) The HAM function changes depending on the posture. 3) The range of the hip joint that HAM was able to act as a knee extensor was expanded for the CG condition from the nCG condition.Conclusions: We identified the situations in which HAM can act as knee extensors and demonstrated that the HAM function on the knee joint changes depending on the posture and the foot contact condition. Our findings suggest that HAM can be used as compensatory movement strategy for patients with a reduced capacity to generate knee extension if the patients have enough HAM strength.
The Emesis Trial: Depressive Patients with Brain Tumors are more Affected by Chemotherapy-induced Nausea and Vomiting
Authors: Dufner Vera , Keßler Almuth Friederike , Just Larissa , Hau Peter , Bumes Elisabeth , Pels Hendrik , Grauer Oliver , Wiese Bettina , Löhr Mario , Jordan Karin , Strik Herwig 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Patients with malignant brain tumors face a limited life expectancy and at the same time, they suffer from afflicting symptoms and undesired effects of tumor treatment. Apart from bone marrow suppression, standard chemotherapy with temozolomide causes nausea, emesis and loss of appetite. In this pilot study, we investigated how chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) affects the patients’ levels of depression and their quality of life. Methods: In this prospective observational multicentre study (n = 87), nausea, emesis and loss of appetite were evaluated with an expanded MASCC questionnaire, covering ten days during the first and the second cycle of chemotherapy. Quality of life was assessed with the EORTC QLQ-C30 and BN 20 questionnaire and levels of depression with the PHQ-9 inventory before and after the first and second cycle of chemotherapy. Results: CINV affected a minor part of patients. If present, it reached its maximum at day 3 and decreased to baseline level not before day 8. Levels of depression increased significantly after the first cycle of chemotherapy, but decreased during the further course of treatment. Patients with higher levels of depression were more severely affected by CINV and showed a lower quality of life through all time-points. Conclusion: We conclude that symptoms of depression should be perceived in advance and treated in order to avoid more severe side effects of tumor treatment. Additionally, in affected patients, delayed nausea was most prominent, pointing towards an activation of the NK1 receptor. We conclude that long acting antiemetics are necessary to treat temozolomide-induced nausea.
Remediation of contaminated water with Chromium VI by sorption in surface-activated-nanocellulose
Authors: Renata Ossa-Paredes , Bernardo Bastidas , Patricia Portero-Barahona , Carvajal-Barriga Javier 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Chromium VI is a frequent pollutant of industrial liquid effluents resulting from industrial waste. It is a substance classified into the carcinogen group I. In this study, a Cr VI sorption mechanism was developed by using nanocellulose beads (hydrogel) obtained from ivory nut. Cr VI was detected in water by a colorimetric method, using 1, 5-diphenylcarbazide at λ 540 nm. The sorption capacity of nanocellulose spheres was tested by varying the solution's pH and temperatures. Our results showed that nanocellulose can efficiently adsorb at pH 4 and 25°C. Removal percentages were between 91.29%(+/-1.36) and 95.33%(+/- 0.86) of the total Cr VI. The sorption kinetics showed that the material reaches equilibrium after 20–30 minutes. Additionally, an analysis of adsorption isotherms showed a high fit with the Langmuir and Freundlinch isotherms. Therefore, this method seem to be applied both to decontaminate industrial and drinking water employing an organic matrix such as nanocelullose beads.
An experimental study of ultrasonic-assisted hot incremental Ti-6Al-4V sheet metal forming
Authors: Amini Saeed , Farzin Mahmoud , Mohammadi Aminollah 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The use of ultrasonic vibration in the manufacturing process has significant and different effects. Studying the effect of longitudinal ultrasonic vibrations on the performance of the electrical hot incremental forming (EHIF) process of Ti-6Al-4V sheets was the main purpose of this paper. In this new technique, ultrasonic vibrations with a high frequency and a low axial amplitude were combined using an electrical heater device. These devices were designed, manufactured carefully and used to perform the sheet incremental forming process at elevated temperatures. This system consisted of different parts including a mechanism attached into the chuck of the CNC machine to give the rotary motion; also, the ultrasonic power was sent to the vibratory tool. By changing some input variables including feed-rate, step-down and current, output features such as quality surface, maximum forming angle, and levels of impurities were investigated in both conventional-(EHIF) and ultrasonic-assisted-(EHIF) processes. The obtained results showed that ultrasonic assistance could increase the quality surface and decrease the impurities; also, XRD (X-ray diffraction) phase analysis showed that β phase (BCC structure) was increased due to the reduced transition, thus improving formability.
Comparative trace element trends in Posidonia oceanica and its sediments along the Turkish-Mediterranean coast
Authors: OZTURK Rafet Cagri , Gedik Kenan , Şahin Ahmet , Özvarol Yaşar , Mutlu Erhan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Concentrations of eight trace elements (V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb) were investigated in Posidonia oceanica blades and in the sediments sampled from 23 stations along the Turkish-Mediterranean Sea coast. Trace element (TE) concentration in both sediment and P. oceanica showed a statistically significant distribution among sampling stations. Most of the TE concentration in samples varied remarkably among stations without a consistent trend. Concentrations of Zn, Cd, Cu, and Pb in sediment of all of the sampling stations were determined as non-polluted based on the comparison with the sediment quality guideline index. More than quarter of the sampling stations were found as moderately or heavily polluted for Cr, Ni, and As. The mean TE concentrations found in the sediment sample in the present study were similar to the concentrations reported from the different parts of the eastern Mediterranean Sea. TE concentrations in P. oceanica were generally lower compared to the concentrations in the sediment except for Cd, Zn, and Cu. While positive correlation was found for Ni concentrations between sediment and P. oceanica samples, negative correlation was detected for V, Cr, Zn, Cu, As, and Cd concentrations between sediment and P. oceanica. The highest bioaccumulation factor in P. oceanica was calculated for Cd. The study area of the present study, especially the western sites (provinces of Antalya and Muğla) hosts millions of tourists annually and under the influence of intensive human activities in summer. Thus, coastal waters are heavily exposed to TEs and significantly positive correlations were detected between the anthropogenic TE pollutants (As, Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, and V) and natural sourced TE (Ni and Cr).
Robust Particle Swarm Optimization for Active/Reactive and Reserve Scheduling in a Grid-connected Microgrid With Energy Storage Systems
Authors: Rasouli Ali , Bigdeli Mehdi , Samimi Abouzar 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: In recent years, simultaneous participation in electrical energy and ancillary services markets has been very profitable for distributed energy resources (DERs). Moreover, the presence of renewable generations along with energy storage systems (ESS) is bringing a significant contribution to modern distribution systems. High penetration of non-predictable power sources in microgrids (MGs), due to the uncertainties of these products, increases the need for ancillary services and the management and coordination of these technologies combined with the ESSs. Results: For the first time, this paper develops a robust particle swarm optimization model to handle the uncertain renewable power production involved in the joint active/reactive and reserve scheduling of a smart MG. The robust optimization approach has a medium priority compared to deterministic and stochastic ones. The objective function utilized for the optimal joint active/reactive and reserve scheduling of an MG is defined as maximizing social welfare, which is accomplished based on a max-min optimization model. The robust optimal solution can be achieved in such a way that the maximizer at the outer level makes an optimal decision against the worst-case objective function, which is acquired based on the minimizer at the inner level considering the uncertainty neighborhood. Conclusions: The effectiveness of the proposed method is examined on a 33-bus MG test system. Simulation results prove that the proposed RPSO model can help MG operators to reduce scheduling costs to obtain a higher social welfare. The consideration of more uncertainty in renewable energy resources production leads to higher operation costs, especially reserve costs. Integration of robustness against uncertainty in the joint active/reactive and reserve management in the smart MGs leads to a more robust operation at the expense of higher costs.
Remediation of Arsenic-contaminated Soil in Northwestern China by Pseudomonas Taiwanensis
Authors: Liu Mengbo , Wang Shengli , Yang Meng , Ning Xiang , Nan Zhongren 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The physiological resistance of Pseudomonas taiwanensis to heavy metals was studied and used to repair heavy metal contaminated water and soil. The results showed that the suitable pH conditions for the growth of P. taiwanensis were 5-9, and the salt tolerance was 6%. The tolerance concentrations for heavy metals As(V) and Mn(II) were 500 mg L-1 and 120 mg L-1, respectively. The strains were enriched by nutrient broth(NB) medium. After logarithmic phase, the bacteria liquid was mixed with ATCCTM#279 medium in proportion, and a certain amount of Mn(II) was added. The results of removing heavy metals As, Pb and Cd in the composite polluted water phase were 22.09%, 30.75% and 35.33%. The molar ratio of manganese and iron will affect the removal efficiency of single pollution heavy arsenic. When the ratio of iron and manganese is 1:5, the highest removal efficiency is 68%. However, when the remediation method is added to the soil, it cannot fix all metals, such as Cu and Zn. This remediation method provides a reference for the practical engineering application of microbial remediation.
Preparation and Test of UV Resistant and Flame Retardant Cotton Fabric With Phytic Acid, Tannic Acid and Diethylenetriamine as Raw Materials
Authors: Zhou Xiang , Yin Yankun , Huang Zhiyu , Fu Lu , Chen Shaohua , Wang Hua , Wang Luoxin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Although cotton fabric is widely used in various fields because of its unique advantages, it has the disadvantages of flammability and poor ultraviolet protection. By combining diethylenetriamine(DETA)、phytic acid (PA) and tannic acid(TA) on cotton fabric, a chemical reaction intumescent flame retardant cotton fabric with anti-ultraviolet and anti-flame retardant was developed. The flame retardant and ultraviolet resistance of cotton fabric were characterized by limiting oxygen index (LOI) test, vertical combustion test, cone calorimetry test and ultraviolet resistance test. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and other tests were used to analyze the chemical composition, surface morphology and residual carbon after combustion of the cotton fabric, and it was confirmed that the modified cotton fabric has good ultraviolet resistance and flame retardant performance. In this study, an eco-friendly cotton fabric treatment method was proposed, which made cotton fabric have anti-ultraviolet and flame retardant properties, and a new application of tannic acid and phytic acid in ultraviolet protection and flame retardant of fabric was put forward.
Global Trends of Publication of Randomized Controlled Trials of Helicobacter Pylori Research
Authors: Zhang Chun-Ming , Chen Qi-Tong , Wu Cheng , Huang Yuan-Qing , Shi Bin , Shi Jian 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background

Since the first randomized controlled trial (RCT) on H. pylori was published in 1987, many RCTs were reported and major advances have been achieved in H. pylori research. This study aimed to use the PubMed to synthetically analyze the global trends of publication of the RCTs of H. pylori research from 1983 to 2020.
Methods

A computerized literature search was performed based on PubMed (1983–Dec 31, 2020). The relevant RCTs on H. pylori research were identified. We analyzed the papers and calculated the data with the publishing items of RCTs.
Results

The literature search involved 25,915 papers and 1,550 RCTs. These 1,550 RCTs were published from 1987 to 2020, with 2 ones in 1987 (the least) and 102 ones in 1999 (the most). These RCTs were published in 266 journals, with 259 ones in Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics (AP&T). These RCTs originated from 72 countries, with 236 from China, followed by 184 from Italy and 147 from Japan. The leading productive affiliation was Baylor College of Medicine (34 RCTs). The leading paper of the ten most highly-cited RCTs had 974 citations, and the mean number of citations was 584.
Conclusions

The publication of H. pylori RCTs reached a peak at 1999 and then declined gradually after 2003. The leading journal publishing H. pylori RCTs was AP&T. The most productive countries were China, Italy, Japan, USA and UK. This bibliometric analysis can help relevant researchers take an overall view of global H. pylori research, and determine the direction of further research.
Characteristic of Erosion Properties and Relationship With Geotechnical Properties for Red Riverbank Soil in Hanoi, Vietnam
Authors: Duong Toan Thi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Soil erosion properties are the main factors affecting riverbank and river channel stability. In this paper, a modified water flume in the laboratory was conducted to evaluate the characteristic of erosion properties including the critical shear stress, the slope of the erosion curve, and erosion rate. The relationships between erosion properties and geotechnical properties as dry density, grain size distribution, shear strength, and soil suction were built. Results obtained from laboratory tests indicate (i) the clay content, cohesion force, residual suction has a great effect and linear correlation in the relationships with the critical shear stress and erosion rate. While the change in clay content leads to a markedly change in the erosion rate. The difference of 5 % clay content enough to build great effects on the erosion rate curve for the Silt soil group; (ii) the sand content has the greatest influence on the slope of the erosion curve (the initial slope and the erosion slope); (iii) the density also has a close relationship with the critical shear stress and the erosion slope, but not for a fine–sand mixture with clay content less than 10%. Based on obtained results and relationships found in this paper, the cohesion force and residual suction should be considered in process of soil riverbank improvement and riverbank undercutting erosion protections.
Characteristics of Japanese Patients With Disseminated Herpes Zoster: A Retrospective Study of 20 Cases
Authors: Norimatsu Yuta , Ohno Yuki 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe risk of herpes zoster is increased among older and immunocompromised patients. However, it had been reported that Japanese tend to have a low BMI and that the patient characteristics of cellulitis is different from that of other countries. Due to the different characteristics of the Japanese population, we investigated for other characteristics unique to the Japanese population.MethodWe retrospectively examined cases of disseminated herpes zoster hospitalization between April 1, 2005, and March 31, 2018.ResultsThe mean patient age was 68.35 ± 15.76 years(mean ± SD). Recurrence was observed in only one patient. Hypertension was observed in 35%, hyperlipidemia in 25%, cancer in 30%, and autoimmune disease was found in 20% of patients. Based on the results of this study and previous reports, herpes zoster was more likely to occur among older immunosuppressed patients. In contrast to previous reports of hypertension occurrence in approximately 6% of Japanese patients, our findings indicated 35%. In addition, in contrast to the previously reported rate of hyperlipidemia of approximately 2% in the Japanese population, our results showed 25%. This suggested that hypertension and hyperlipidemia were also the risk factors for disseminated herpes zoster in Japanese patients.ConclusionHypertension and hyperlipidemia were the proposed risk factors for disseminated herpes zoster in Japanese patients, in addition to age and immunodeficiency.