bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-healing and corrosion performance of polyurethane coating containing polyurethane microcapsules
Authors: Fathabadi Hanieh Fathi , Javidi Mehdi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this study, the self-healing behavior of the polyurethane coating containing polyurethane microcapsules was investigated. Microcapsules, with the average size of 99 µm and shell thickness of 11 µm, were successfully synthesized via the interfacial polymerization technique and were incorporated into the polyurethane coating matrix. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope were employed to investigate the healing performance and corrosion behavior of the coatings on the carbon steel substrate. The recorded results revealed that artificial scratches were successfully healed and the coating containing 20 wt% microcapsules exhibited the best healing performance (85% healing efficiency) among all the prepared coatings. The self-healing ability of the coatings were verified via scanning electron microscope. After 24 hours, the healing efficiency attained a reasonable value of 68% during exposure to test solution. It was found that corrosion resistance and coating adhesion were significantly improved by incorporating the microcapsules into the coating.
Photoluminescence Properties and Electrochemical Performance of Fe:ZnO Nanoparticles in Li-Ion Batteries
Authors: Sarf Fatma , Kızıl Hüseyin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The pure and Fe doped ZnO nanoparticles with varying iron mole percentages of 3%, 4.5% and 6% were synthesized by using co-precipitation. Structural and morphological properties as well as electrochemical properties, serving as anode in Li-ion batteries, were studied. All samples have hexzagonal wurtzite ZnO crystal structure and a slightly shift from x-ray difraction patterns of Fe:ZnO samples have shown that Fe3+ ions substituted by Zn2+ ions. As the percentage of Fe mol increases from 3–4.5%, the size of the particles decreases, and as the percentage of Fe mol decreases from 4.5–6%, it also increases. The emission bands originated due to energy levels generated by ZnO intrinsic defects in all samples. In half cell configuration, 3% Fe:ZnO and 6 % Fe:ZnO anode exhibit rapid capacity fading. ZnO anode with Fe mol percentage of 4.5 % results a substantially enhances sepecific capacity during 50 cycle.
What Impact Have SARS-CoV-2/Covid-19 Pandemic on the Reproductive and Child Health Programme of Bihar in India over the 3 months after nationwide Lock down announcement in March 2020? How SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic era does influence RCH Programme? Immunisation?&nbsp;Maternal Health? Family Planning?
Authors: Kumar Piyush 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The delivery of reproductive and child health services is of utmost importance and prime concern in India particularly populous states like Bihar with limited resources, poor infrastructure and huge demand on healthcare system. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had presented a challenge even for developed healthcare systems around the world. Objectives: The main aim of this research is to find out Impact of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the Reproductive and Child Health Programme of Bihar in India over the 3 months after Lock down imposition countrywide in March 2020.Settings & Design: Different indicators group of RCH programme (immunisation, maternal & child health, family planning) for state of Bihar were collected and compared from previous year. Materials & Methodology: Secondary data from HMIS of Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India for 2019 & 2020 were taken for analysing and understanding of impact of pandemic on RCH programme over 3 months after lock down viz. April/May/June 2020. The data obtained is analysed by using Microsoft Office software.Result: The analysis of secondary data obtained from HMIS of Ministry of Health & Family Welfare website for RCH programme of the state of Bihar shows that the lock down period & initial early phase of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic have a negative impact over the delivery of health services as well as the indicators are also affected negatively. Besides the pandemic the state is also having lack of resources, manpower poor infrastructure as well as positive deviance at community level. These are the barriers in fact beside the epidemic. It seems that there is lack of proper plan to deal with such pandemic situation. Conclusion: The State of Bihar has enforced the epidemic disease act but it seems to be insufficient to give the desired results. The barriers of healthcare system and delivery of services should be rectified added with a proper dynamic plan to carry on usual health delivery services even in pandemics. The state of Bihar needs to develop an exclusive plan such as separate RCH cadre to tackle such situations.
Correlation of Genotype and Phenotype in 32 Patients with Hereditary Hemochromatosis in China
Authors: Wu Liyan , Zhang Wei , Li Yanmeng , Zhou Donghu , Zhang Bei , Xu Anjian , Wu Zhen , Wu Lina , Li Shuxiang , Wang Xiaoming , Zhao Xinyan , Wang Qianyi , Li Min , Wang Yu , You Hong , Huang Jian , Ou Xiaojuan , Jia Jidong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is widely recognized and clinical manifestations of HFE-related HH is well studied in European populations. Less is known about the clinical and laboratory characteristics of non-HFE related HH in Asian population. We aimed to explore the relationship between genotype and clinical phenotype in Chinese patients with non-HFE related hereditary hemochromatosis.Methods: Peripheral blood samples and clinical data of patients with primary iron overload were collected from the China Registry of Genetic/Metabolic Liver Diseases. Sanger sequencing was performed in cases with primary iron overload, for 5 known HH related genes (HFE, HJV, HAMP, TFR2 and SLC40A1) and 2 novel iron homeostasis-related genes (DENND3 and SUGP2). The correlation of genotype and clinical phenotype in these patients was analyzed.Results: Of the 32 patients with primary iron overload (23 were males and 9 were females), non-HFE variants were detected in 31 (31/32, 97%), including 8 pathogenic variants in HJV, 7 pathogenic variants in SLC40A1, 8 likely pathogenic variants in SUGP2 and 5 likely pathogenic variants in DENND3 cases. Among these 31 cases, 4 cases harbored homozygous variants, 2 cases harbored homozygous+ heterozygous variants, 19 cases harbored heterozygous or combined heterozygous variants, and 6 cases harbored no any damaging variants. None of investigated cases carried damaging HAMP and TFR2 variants were found. 8 cases were classified as type 2A HH and 6 cases as type 4 HH, 10 cases as non-classical genotype, and 6 cases had no pathogenic variants from 31 cases. During the statistical analysis, we excluded one case (SLC40A1 IVS3+10delGTT+SUGP2 p. R639Q(homo)) with difficulty in grouping due to combined damaging variants. Cases with type 2A HH have an earlier age at diagnosis. The iron index of cases in type 2A HH and type 4 HH was higher than that in other groups. Arthropathy was relatively rare in all groups. None of cases with type 2A HH developed cirrhosis. Cirrhosis and diabetes are more prevalent in type 4 HH.Conclusions: This is the first comprehensive analysis about the gene variant spectrum and phenotypic aspects of non-HFE HH in China. The results will be useful to the identification, diagnosis and management of HH in China.
Potential Oxygen Consumption and Community Composition of Sediment Bacteria in a Seasonally Hypoxic Enclosed Bay
Authors: Mori Fumiaki , Umezawa Yu , Kondo Ruji , Nishihara Gregory N. , Wada Minoru 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The dynamics of potential oxygen consumption at the sediment surface in a seasonally hypoxic bay were monitored monthly by applying a tetrazolium dye (2-(4-iodophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride [INT]) reduction assay to intact sediment core samples for two consecutive years (2012–2013). Based on the empirically determined correlation between INT reduction (INT-formazan formation) and actual oxygen consumption of sediment samples, we inferred the relative contribution of biological and non-biological (chemical) processes to the potential whole oxygen consumption in the collected sediment samples. It was demonstrated that both potentials consistently increased and reached a maximum during summer hypoxia in each year. For samples collected in 2012, amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) of the bacterial 16S rRNA genes derived from the sediment surface revealed a notable shift in the bacterial community composition before and after the INT assay incubation. Within the bacterial community that was predominated by the ASVs closely related to Woeseia (Woeseiaceae, Gammaproteobacteria), the relative abundance of ASVs affiliated with Arcobacter (Arcobacteraceae, Campylobacteria), a putative sulfur-oxidizing bacterial genus, increased markedly in the summer samples. These findings have implications not only for the group of bacteria that are consistently responsible for the consumption of dissolved oxygen (DO) year-round in the sediment, but also for those that might grow rapidly in response to episodic DO supply on the sediment surface during midst of seasonal hypoxia.
WITHDRAWN: The Impact of ymoA Gene Expression on Enterotoxin YstA&nbsp;Production by Yersinia Enterocolitica Strains With Different Enterotoxic Properties
Authors: Bancerz-Kisiel Agata , Lipczyńska-Ilczuk Karolina 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Yersinia enterocolitica is one of the main causative agents of human diarrhoea and the reservoir and source of infection for humans are pigs. Strains isolated from humans with clinical yersiniosis and diarrhoea are able to produce Yersinia stable toxins – Yst. However, enterotoxin-producing capabilities have been attributed to the ymoA gene which encodes the production of the Yersinia modulator protein – YmoA. The aim of this study was to analyse ystA and ymoA genes expression in Y. enterocolitica strains with different enterotoxic properties, isolated from humans and pigs. The experiment involved two groups of Y. enterocolitica strains producing and not producing enterotoxin YstA, which were isolated from humans and pigs. All these strains were ystA- and ymoA-positive. The relative expression level of the ystA gene was significantly higher than the expression level of the ymoA gene in Y. enterocolitica strains isolated from humans with clinical signs characteristic for yersiniosis. In others, a significant decrease in ystA gene transcription was observed, and the relative expression level of the ymoA gene was significantly higher than the expression level of the ystA gene. Statistically significant differences were not observed in either group of strains isolated from pigs. The results of our study revealed a correlation between the mRNA expression levels of ystA and ymoA genes in Y. enterocolitica strains isolated from humans.
Application of poly (Agar-co-Glycerol-co-Sweet Almond Oil) based organohydrogels as a Drug Delivery Material
Authors: Dudu Tuba Ersen , Alpaslan Duygu , Aktas Nahit 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this study, it was aimed to investigate the synthesis, characterization and drug release behaviors of organohydrogels containing pH-sensitive Agar (A), Glycerol (G), Sweet Almond oil (SAO). Organohydrogels, which contained Agar, Glycerol and different amounts of Sweet Almond oil, were synthesized via the free-radical polymerization reaction with emulsion technique using glutaraldehyde or methylene bis acrylamide crosslinkers. Then, the degree of swelling, bond structures, blood compatibility and antioxidant properties of the synthesized organohydrogels were examined. In addition, Organohydrogels which loaded with Ceftriaxone (antibiotic) and Oxaliplatin (an anti-cancer agent), were synthesized with the same polymerization reaction and release kinetics were investigated. In vitro release studies were performed at media similar pH to gastric fluid (pH 2), skin surface (pH 5.5), blood fluid (pH 7.4) and intestinal fluid (pH 8), at 37° C. The effects on release of crosslinker type and sweet almond oil amount were investigated. Kinetic parameters were determined using release results and these results were applied to zero and first-order equations and Korsmeyer-Peppas and Higuchi equations. Diffusion exponential was calculated for drug diffusion of organohydrogels and values consistent with release results were found.
Genome-wide Association Study of Periodontal Pocketing in Finnish Adults
Authors: Tegelberg Paula , Leppilahti Jussi Miikkael , Ylöstalo Atte , Tervonen Tellervo , Kettunen Johannes , Suominen Anna Liisa , Ylöstalo Pekka 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: A genome‐wide association study is an analytical approach that investigates whether genetic variants across the whole genome contribute to disease progression. The aim of this study was to investigate genome-wide associations of periodontal condition measured as deepened periodontal pockets (≥ 4 mm) in Finnish adults. Methods: This study was based on the data of the national Health 2000 Survey (BRIF8901) in Finland and the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 Study totalling 3,245 individuals. The genotype data were analyzed using the SNPTEST v.2.4.1. The number of teeth with deepened periodontal pockets (≥ 4 mm deep) was employed as a continuous response variable in additive regression analyses performed separately for the two studies and the results were combined in a meta-analysis applying a fixed effects model. Results: Genome-wide significant associations with the number of teeth with ≥ 4 mm deep pockets were not found at the p-level of < 5 × 10-8, while in total 27 loci reached the p-level of 5 x 10-6. Of the top hits, SNP rs4444613 in chromosome 20 showed the strongest association (p = 1.35 × 10–7).Conclusion: No statistically significant genome-wide associations with deepened periodontal pockets were found in this study.
Cytokine release syndrome in a patient with colorectal cancer following vaccination with BNT162b2 (tozinameran)
Authors: Turajlic Samra , Au Lewis , Fendler Annika , Shepherd Scott , Rzeniewicz Karolina , Cerrone Maddalena , Byrne Fiona , Carlyle Eleanor , Edmonds Kim , Rosario Lyra Del , Shon John , Haynes Winston , Ward Barry , Shum Ben , Gordon William , Gerard Camille , Xie Wenyi , Joharatnam-Hogan Nalinie , Young Kate , Furness Andrew , Pickering Lisa , Larkin James , Harvey Ruth , Kassiotis George , Gandhi Sonia , Swanton Charles , Fribbens Charlotte , Wilkinson Katalin , Wilkinson Robert , Lau David , Starling Naureen , Chau Ian 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We present a case of cytokine release syndrome (CRS) that occurred five days after vaccination with BTN162b2 (tozinameran), an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, in a patient with colorectal cancer on long-standing anti-PD-1 monotherapy. The CRS was evidenced by raised inflammatory markers, thrombocytopenia, elevated cytokine levels (IFN-y/IL-2R/IL-18/IL-16/IL-10), and steroid responsiveness.
Physical protection in aggregates and organo-mineral associations contribute to carbon stabilization at the transition zone of seasonally saturated wetlands
Authors: Kottkamp Anna , Jones Charles Nathan , Palmer Margaret A. , Tully Katherine L. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Wetlands store significant soil organic carbon (SOC) globally, yet this SOC is sensitive to climate and land use change. Seasonally saturated wetlands experience fluctuating hydrologic conditions that may promote the physicochemical mechanisms known to control SOC stabilization in upland soils; these wetlands are therefore likely to be important for SOC storage at the landscape-scale. We investigated the role of physicochemical mechanisms of SOC stabilization in five seasonally saturated wetlands to test the hypothesis that these mechanisms are present, particularly at the transition zone between wetland and upland where saturation in the upper soil profile is most variable. At each wetland, we monitored water level and collected soil samples at five points along a transect from frequently saturated basin edge to rarely saturated upland. We quantified physical protection of SOC in aggregates and organo-mineral associations in mineral horizons to 0.5 m depth. As expected, SOC decreased from basin edge to upland. In the basin edge and transition zone, the majority of SOC was physically protected in macroaggregates. By contrast, overall organo-mineral associations were low, with the highest Fe concentrations (5 mg Fe g− 1 soil) in the transition zone. While both stabilization mechanisms were present in the transition zone, physical protection is more likely to be a dominant mechanism of SOC stabilization in seasonally saturated wetlands. As future climate scenarios predict changes in wetland wet and dry cycles, understanding the mechanisms by which SOC is stabilized in wetland soils is critical for predicting the vulnerability of SOC to future change.
Investigation on Thermo-physical Properties of L-Valinium Picrate Single Crystal for Modern Applications
Authors: Manivannan M , Balachandar S. , Jose M. , Dhas S A Martin Britto 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Good quality L-valinium picrate single crystal was grown by slow evaporation technique. The lattice parameters of the crystal were measured by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The High resolution X-ray diffraction study reveals good crystalline perfection of the grown crystals. The thermal diffusivity and specific heat capacity were experimentally measured using photoacoustic technique and standard DSC technique, respectively. The thermo physical properties such as thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, specific heat capacity, volumetric specific heat capacity, and thermal effusivity of LVP are reported for the first time at ambient temperature.
Assessing the Causal Role of Selenium in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: He Di , Cui Liying 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The relation between selenium overexposure and increased risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has been subject to considerable interest. Epidemiologic studies have reported suggestive associations between selenium and ALS, although the causal inference between selenium and ALS remains to be established. Here we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to analyze the causal role of selenium on ALS risk.Methods: Variants associated with selenium levels were obtained from the GWAS meta-analysis of circulating selenium levels (n = 5,477) and toenail selenium levels (n = 4,162). Outcome data were from the largest ALS GWAS dataset with 20,806 ALS cases and 59,804 controls. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the main analysis, with an array of sensitivity analyses performed to detect potential violations of MR assumptions.Results: Inverse variance weighted (IVW) analysis indicated no evidence of a causal role for selenium levels in ALS development (odds ratio [OR] = 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.96–1.08). Similar results were observed for sensitivity analyses (OR = 1.00, 95% CI 0.95–1.07 for weighted median; OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 0.87–1.32 for MR-Egger), with no pleiotropy detected.Conclusion: Although selenium was found associated with ALS according to earlier epidemiologic studies, current evidence does not support the causal effect of selenium on ALS risk. Correcting overall selenium levels in general population will unlikely reduce ALS incidence.
A Novel Principle to Localize Scattered-wave Sensitivity Using Wave Interference and Its Adjoint
Authors: Minato Shohei , Ghose Ranajit 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
When using scattered waves for high-resolution imaging of a medium, the sensitivity of these waves to the spatiotemporal distribution of heterogeneities is undoubtedly a key factor. The traditional principle behind using scattered waves to detect small changes suffers from an inherent limitation when other structures, not of interest, are present along the wave propagation path. We propose a novel principle that leads to enhanced localization of wave sensitivity, without having to know the intermediate structures. This new principle emerges from a boundary integral representation which utilizes wave interferences observed at multiple points. When tested on geophysical acoustic wave data, this new principle leads to much better sensitivity localization and detection of small changes in seismic velocities, which were otherwise impossible. Overcoming the insensitivity to a target area, it offers new possibilities for imaging and monitoring small changes in properties, which is critical in a wide range of disciplines and scales.
Six-month Pulmonary Impairment After Severe COVID-19: a Prospective, Multicenter Follow-up Study
Authors: Faverio Paola , Luppi Fabrizio , Rebora Paola , Busnelli Sara , Stainer Anna , Catalano Martina , Parachini Luca , Monzani Anna , Galimberti Stefania , Francesco Bini , Bodini Bruno Dino , Betti Monia , Giacomi Federica De , Scarpazza Paolo , Oggionni Elisa , Scartabellati Alessandro , Bilucaglia Luca , Ceruti Paolo , Modina Denise , Harari Sergio , Caminati Antonella , Valsecchi Maria Grazia , Bellani Giacomo , Foti Giuseppe , Pesci Alberto 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background. Long-term pulmonary sequelae following SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia are not yet confirmed, however preliminary observations suggests a possible relevant clinical, functional and radiological impairment. The aim of this study was to identify and characterise pulmonary sequelae caused by SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia at 6-month follow-up. Methods. In this multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study, patients hospitalised for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia and without prior diagnosis of structural lung diseases were stratified by maximum ventilatory support (“oxygen only”, “continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)” and “invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV)”) and followed up at 6 months from discharge. Pulmonary function tests and diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO), 6 minutes walking test, chest X-ray, physical exam and modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnoea score were collected.Results. Between March and June 2020, 312 patients were enrolled (83, 27% women; median [IQR] age 61.1 [53.4,69.3] years). The parameters that showed the highest rate of impairment were DLCO and chest-X-ray, in 46% and 25% of patients, respectively. However, only a minority of patients reported dyspnoea (31%), defined as mMRC ≥ 1, or showed a restrictive ventilatory defects (9%). In the logistic regression model, having asthma as comorbidity was associated with DLCO impairment at follow-up, while prophylactic heparin administration during hospitalisation appeared as a protective factor. Need for invasive ventilatory support during hospitalisation was associated with chest imaging abnormalities.Conclusions. DLCO and radiological assessment appear to be the most sensitive tools to monitor patients with COVID-19 during follow-up. Future studies with longer follow-up are warranted to better understand pulmonary sequelae.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04435327