bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revize rozborů výzkumu efektu učitelova humorného působení na výsledky učení žáků a studentů
Authors: Kubátová Michaela , Klusák Miroslav 
Published: August 2021

Přehledová studie navazuje na tři relevantní přehledy výzkumů humoru v edukačním prostředí. Soustředí se pouze na výzkumy, v nichž byl zkoumán efekt humoru používaného učiteli na výsledky učení a „výsledky učení“ byly operacionalizované testy osvojených poznatků. Otázkou je, jaké okolnosti ovlivňují efekt humoru na učení. Z rozboru 20 výzkumných studií vyplynulo devět kategorií okolností, které problematizují vliv humoru: trvání výuky; vztažnost humoru k látce; dávkování humoru; techniky humoru; vnímání humornosti studentem; individuální charakteristiky studenta; charakter učiva; médium výuky; trénink učitele. Dle analyzovaných výzkumů pozitivní vliv na učení podporuje: dlouhodobější trvání výuky; vztažnost humoru k podstatným informacím; přiměřené a rovnoměrné dávkování humoru; vkládání humoru po vysvětlení nových poznatků a jejich opakování po ilustrování na humorném příkladu; aktivní práce s humorem ve výuce; trénink učitele; vnímání humornosti studenty. Po dalších výzkumech volá problematika individuální charakteristiky studenta, charakteru učiva, a především technik konstrukce humorné pointy.
Odkud se berou – dětská pojetí oběhu peněz
Authors: Dvořáková Michaela 
Published: August 2021

Abstrakt: Studie uvádí do problematiky vývoje dětských pojetí ekonomických vztahů, konkrétně oběhu peněz v období primárního vzdělávání. Představuje teoretický rámec výzkumu dětských pojetí a předkládá dosavadní výzkumná zjištění.
Cílem bylo ve vztahu k teoretickému rámci získat a interpretovat vlastní výzkumná data k dětským pojetím oběhu peněz a porovnat výsledky s podobně zaměřenými zahraničními výzkumy z posledních 30 let.
Metoda – Data byla získána z polostrukturovaných rozhovorů zaměřených na dětská pojetí oběhu peněz. Transkripty rozhovorů byly kódovány a dětská pojetí následně kategorizována podle míry jejich komplexnosti a kompatibility dílčích myšlenek. Výsledky – V obou částech výzkumu dětská pojetí vykazují tendenci aplikovat na ekonomickou sféru vlastní sociální zkušenost. Oborově specifická pojetí odkazující k představě trhu práce nebo oběhu peněz ve společnosti byla vázána na zkušenost žáka s prací rodičů nebo na jiné konkrétní příklady více než na věk dotazovaných.
Závěry – Elicitovaná pojetí trhu práce a oběhu peněz mohou přispět oborové didaktice společenských věd jako východisko pro proces konceptuální změny. Výsledky nabízejí varianty neúplných, chybných konceptů nebo ukazují na jejich absenci a dávají podněty pro iniciaci konceptuální změny ve výuce.
K památce a pedagogickému odkazu Idy Jarníkové
Authors: Rýdl Karel 
Published: August 2021

K málo známému výročí nabízí studie analýzu života a díla Idy Jarníkové (1979–1965), jedné z nejvýznamnějších představitelek předškolní výchovy 20. století. Na základě studia archivních dokumentů studie zdůrazňuje nejen životní osudy, poprvé v ucelené podobě, ale zvláště Jarníkové představy o pedagogizaci předškolní výchovy ve prospěch rozvoje osobnosti dětí, její snahu o porozumění pedagogice Marie Montessori a péči o další vzdělávání vychovatelek v mateřských školách. Studie je doplněna výběrovou bibliografií Idy Jarníkové.
Urine organic acids may be useful biomarkers for metabolic syndrome and its components in Korean adults
Authors: Haam Ji-Hee , Lee Yun Kyong , Suh Eunkyung , Choi Sang-Woon , Chun Hyejin , Kim Young-Sang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Although metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components are defined clinically, those with MetS may have various derangements in metabolic pathways. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the traits of urine organic acid metabolites indicating the metabolic intermediates of the pathways in the subjects with MetS.

Methods
This cross-sectional study included 246 men and 283 women in a hospital health check-up setting. Urine organic acid metabolites were assayed via high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analyses. A high level of each metabolite was defined as the fifth quintile of the distribution.

Results
The subjects with MetS had high levels of pyruvate, α-ketoglutarate, α-ketoisovalerate, α-ketoisocaproate, formiminoglutamate, and quinolinate (odds ratios from 1.915 to 2.809 in logistic models adjusted for age and sex). Among the metabolites, pyruvate, formiminoglutamate, and quinolinate were not independent of homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR). Several metabolites were associated with one or more components of MetS and HOMA2-IR.

Conclusions
Urine organic acid metabolites in MetS are characterized in altered carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. MetS shared some traits in insulin resistance. These findings may promote the understanding of the pathophysiology of MetS.
Change and Continuity in White House Staffing: The Trump Factor
Authors: Dickinson Matthew J. , Reinmuth Kate 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Early assessments of Trump’s White House portrayed an organization riven by personality disputes and administrative chaos. But in many ways, Trump’s White House staff descriptively bears a strong resemblance to its predecessors, as we demonstrate by drawing on more than 50 years of data on presidential staff composition. In terms of size, structure, and the distributions of functions, the Trump White House represents not a break with the past so much as its continuation. Trump’s staffing patterns departed from precedent more in the areas of staff turnover and recruitment; however, it is not clear just how significant those changes are.
Angry about Fraud: How Congress Took up Trump’s Claims of Fraud
Authors: Brown Heath , Cormack Lindsey 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Talk of fraud dominated President Donald J. Trump’s campaign and time in office. In this article, we explore whether members of Congress followed Trump’s lead in discussing all types of fraud, including electoral fraud as well as fraud, waste, and abuse. Using a unique dataset of the universe of congressional electronic newsletters from 2010 to 2021, we show that Republicans wrote to constituents about fraud much more than Democrats, especially about electoral fraud after Trump’s election, but it was Democrats who used angrier rhetoric to discuss fraud, a check on the President and many of the false claims about voter fraud in 2016 and 2020. These findings show an important aspect of the inter-party and inter-branch dynamics at play during Trump’s presidency; once keen to focus on fraud, waste and abuse in government congressional Republican attention shifted once the head of the executive branch was a co-partisan to parroting the claims of electoral and voter fraud made by the President.
“In the Mold of Justice Scalia”: The Contours & Consequences of the Trump Judiciary
Authors: Hollis-Brusky Amanda , Parry Celia 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis article reviews the causes, contours and potential consequences of President Donald J. Trump’s 234 appointments to the federal judiciary. The causes will be familiar to political scientists who are fond of reminding people that “elections have consequences” and that the “Supreme Court [and by extension entire federal judiciary] follows the election returns.” The contours of the Trump Judiciary are congruent with Trump’s campaign promise to appoint judges “in the mold of Justice Scalia,” the conservative legal icon who died suddenly in February 2016. We show how Trump and Senate majority leader Mitch McConnell made good on this promise with the help of the Federalist Society for Law and Public Policy Studies, appointing ideologically conservative, young, and mostly male and white judges to lifetime appointments on the federal bench. In laying out the potential consequences of Trump’s remaking of the federal judiciary, we outline three areas where these judges are likely to make an impact on law and politics in the coming decades: rolling back liberal and progressive victories in the culture wars, likely in more subtle ways that align with Alison Gash’s concept of “below-the-radar” legal change; extending the federal deregulation campaign that began in earnest with the Reagan Administration; and issuing rulings in the areas of voting rights, campaign finance, and redistricting that tip the scales of democracy in favor of Republican electoral outcomes.
COVID-19 transmission: a positive perspective
Authors: Sakarde Apurva , Takhelmayum Roshan , Garg Seema , Kushwaha Arvind S 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To understand the dynamics of infectivity of COVID-19 and allay the fear and anxiety associated with it in healthcare workers and the society.

Case presentation
Three individuals accompanied their pediatric patients in the COVID ward but did not develop infection. Information about their knowledge and perspective about the disease and the protective measures undertaken by them during their stay in the hospital was gathered by administering a questionnaire 14 days after discharge.

Conclusions
It was observed that use of proper precautionary measures like wearing a mask and regular hand sanitization helped in prevention from COVID-19 infection even after having close contact with confirmed cases. Such facts/observation will help in sensitizing the public about COVID-19 and eliminate panic in the society.
Social-Contractarian Money
Authors: Hockett Robert 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
State capacity, stable currencies, and well functioning financial systems seem to be ‘package deals’ – one cannot have one without having all. I show that the intimate functional links among states, monies, and financial systems, ubiquitous across history and geography as they are, are not accidental. I do so by analytically ‘deriving’ first law and the polity, then money and finance, from a temporally extended implicit covenant that is both grounded in and facilitative of ongoing joint agency among persons. This lends to state and money alike their shared normative and, once formally systematized, legal character. I indicate throughout how this shared genesis, function, and normative character keep state, money, and ultimately finance practically ‘joined at the hip’, and manifest how polity and economy, indeed our very political and productive selves, are thus joined as well. To recognize and to ‘own’ this, I conclude, is not only to see that ‘the public’ must take a far more explicit role in finance, but also in a sense finally to own our own selves.
The relation between cigarette smoking with delivery outcomes. An evaluation of a database of more than nine million deliveries
Authors: Feferkorn Ido , Badeghiesh Ahmad , Baghlaf Haitham , Dahan Michael H. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Smoking in pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of preterm birth (PTB), intrauterine growth restriction, placental abruption and perinatal death. The association between smoking and other delivery outcomes, such as chorioamnionitis, mode of delivery or postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), however, is insufficient as only few studies addressed these issues. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between prenatal smoking and delivery outcomes in a large database, while controlling for confounding effects.

Methods
A retrospective population-based study using data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project-Nationwide Inpatient Sample (HCUP‐NIS). A dataset of all deliveries between 2004 and 2014 (inclusively) was created. Our control group included all pregnant women who did not smoke during pregnancy, which was compared to pregnant women who smoked. A multivariate logistic analysis was conducted, adjusting for any statistically significant confounding effects.

Results
Our study identified 9,096,788 births between 2004 and 2014. Of which, 443,590 (4.8%) had a documented diagnosis of smoking. A significantly higher risk was found for PTB (odds ratio 1.39, CI 1.35–1.43), preterm premature rupture of membranes (odds ratio 1.52, CI 1.43–1.62) and small for gestational age (SGA) neonates (odds ratio 2.27, CI 2.19–2.35). The risks of preeclampsia (odds ratio 0.82, CI 0.78–0.85), chorioamnionitis (odds ratio 0.88, CI 0.83–0.4), PPH (odds ratio 0.94 CI 0.9–0.98) and operative vaginal delivery (odds ratio 0.9, CI 0.87–0.94) were lower among smokers.

Conclusions
This large database confirms the findings of previous smaller studies, according to which smoking decreases the risk of preeclampsia while increasing the risk of PTB and SGA neonates. The current study also revealed a decreased risk for PPH as well as for chorioamnionitis among pregnant smokers.
New Evidence from Galeria da Cisterna (Almonda) and Gruta do Caldeirão on the Phasing of Central Portugal’s Early Neolithic
Authors: Zilhão João 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Funerary usage of Galeria da Cisterna (Almonda) and Gruta do Caldeirão began at the onset of the Neolithic and continued until Early Medieval times. At Cisterna, the thin Holocene deposit was unstratified; at Caldeirão, the stratigraphic sequence underwent post-depositional disturbance. Using radiocarbon dating, typological considerations, spatial distribution patterns, and physical anthropological data, these palimpsests can be disentangled to a significant extent. At both sites, the earliest depositions fall in the c. 5250–5500 cal BC interval and are associated with large numbers of beads. Wares extensively decorated with shell and comb impressions are likely to belong in this phase. Another style of decoration – shell impressions forming bands below the rim and garlands between prehension knobs – probably dates to a slightly later time. Burial continued at both sites through the c. 5000–5250 cal BC time range, but which decorative styles were then in fashion remains difficult to ascertain; it is likely that the irregular arrangements of shell impressions seen in some Cisterna vessels are among them. At Caldeirão, non-Cardial impressed and incised wares date to c. 4500–5000 cal BC, while undecorated wares are associated with human bone samples demonstrating two different periods of burial during the c. 3500–4000 cal BC interval. Most if not all of the nine Cardial individuals directly dated at the two sites died coevally with the more recent of the Mesolithic interments found in the shell-midden sites of the Tagus estuary.
Numerical analysis of free convection from a spinning cone with variable wall temperature and pressure work effect using MD-BSQLM
Authors: Makanda Gilbert , Magagula Vusi Mpendulo , Sibanda Precious , Motsa Sandile Sydney 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The problem of the numerical analysis of natural convection from a spinning cone with variable wall temperature, viscous dissipation and pressure work effect is studied. The numerical method used is based on the spectral analysis. The method used to solve the system of partial differential equations is the multi-domain bivariate spectral quasi-linearization method (MD-BSQLM). The numerical method is compared with other methods in the literature, and the results show that the MD-BSQLM is robust and accurate. The method is also stable for large parameters. The numerical errors do not deteriorate with increasing iterations for different values of all parameters. The numerical error size is of the order of

1

0

−
10

1{0}^{-10}

. With the increase in the suction parameter

ξ

\xi

, fluid velocity, spin velocity and temperature profiles decrease.
Load forecasting of refrigerated display cabinet based on CEEMD–IPSO–LSTM combined model
Authors: Pei Yuan , Zhenglin Lei , Qinghui Zeng , Yixiao Wu , Yanli Lu , Chaolong Hu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe load of the showcase is a nonlinear and unstable time series data, and the traditional forecasting method is not applicable. Deep learning algorithms are introduced to predict the load of the showcase. Based on the CEEMD–IPSO–LSTM combination algorithm, this paper builds a refrigerated display cabinet load forecasting model. Compared with the forecast results of other models, it finally proves that the CEEMD–IPSO–LSTM model has the highest load forecasting accuracy, and the model’s determination coefficient is 0.9105, which is obviously excellent. Compared with other models, the model constructed in this paper can predict the load of showcases, which can provide a reference for energy saving and consumption reduction of display cabinet.
Scaling law for velocity of domino toppling motion in curved paths
Authors: Song Guangkai , Guo Xiaolin , Sun Bohua 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe arranged paths of dominoes have many shapes. The scaling law for the propagation speed of domino toppling has been extensively investigated. However, in all previous investigations the scaling law for the velocity of domino toppling motion in curved lines was not taken into account. In this study, the finite-element analysis (FEA) program ABAQUS was used to discuss the scaling law for the propagation speed of domino toppling motion in curved lines. It is shown that the domino propagation speed has a rising trend with increasing domino spacing in a straight line. It is also found that domino propagation speed is linearly proportional to the square root of domino separation. This research proved that the scaling law for the speed of domino toppling motion given by Sun [Scaling law for the propagation speed of domino toppling. AIP Adv. 2020;10(9):095124] is true. Moreover, the shape of domino arrangement paths has no influence on the scaling law for the propagation speed of dominoes, but can affect the coefficient of the scaling law for the velocity. Therefore, the amendatory function for the propagation speed of dominoes in curved lines was formulated by the FEA data. On one hand, the fitted amendatory function,φrevise{\varphi }_{{\rm{revise}}}, provides the simple method for a domino player to quickly estimate the propagation speed of dominoes in curved lines; on the other hand, it is the rationale for the study of the domino effect.
The aflatoxin B1 content of peanut-based foods in Iran: a systematic review
Authors: Sadighara Parisa , Ghanati Kiandokht 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Backgrounds
One of the common consumed snacks among Iranian is nuts. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the rate of peanut contamination with aflatoxin B1 (AfB1) in different provinces of the Iran.

Materials and methods
The research studies with keywords “aflatoxin B1”, “peanut”, “peanut butter”, “peanut oil”, “coated peanut”, “roasted peanut”, “snack peanut” were searched in PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar and scientific information databases (SID), regardless of publication time. A total of 43 studies were obtained and only six articles were finally selected according to exclusion and inclusion criteria. Margin of Exposure (MOE) and Hazard Quotient (HQ) were also calculated to evaluate the oral exposure of AfB1 through peanuts and peanut-based products.

Results
The contamination of AFB1 in peanut was high in Mashhad and Tehran compared with the other cities. The value of MOE was calculated less than 10,000. The results of MOE indicate that there are chances of the risk of developing cancer and these products may not be safe. Therefore, AFB1 levels should be measured regularly in peanut products in large cities.
Superior On-Ice Performance After Short-Interval vs. Long-Interval Training in Well-Trained Adolescent Ice Hockey Players
Authors: Rønnestad Bent R. , Haugen Ole Christian , Dæhlin Torstein E. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Rønnestad, BR, Haugen, OC, and Dæhlin, TE. Superior on-ice performance after short-interval vs long-interval training in well-trained adolescent ice hockey players. J Strength Cond Res 35(12S): S76–S80, 2021—The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of 9 weeks with 3 weekly sessions of short intervals (SIs) against long intervals (LIs) on endurance performance in well-trained adolescent ice hockey players. Eighteen male adolescent ice hockey players volunteered to participate and were randomly allocated to perform SIs (n = 9; 3 series with 13 × 30 seconds work intervals) or LIs (n = 7; 4 series of 5 minutes work intervals). Subjects completed a skating multistage aerobic test (SMAT), maximal oxygen consumption, maximal power output, and maximal isokinetic knee-extensor strength tests before and after the intervention, and changes in performance were assessed using analysis of variance (p ≤ 0.05). Short intervals improved SMAT performance more from pretest to post-test than LIs (13.9 ± 8.1% vs. 3.7 ± 5.2%, respectively; p = 0.030, effect size [ES] = 1.48). No significant differences were observed between SIs and LIs in change of maximal oxygen uptake (SI: 3.8 ± 6.1% vs. LI: −0.4 ± 10.2%; p = 0.30) or 60 seconds maximal power output (SI: 1.0 ± 4.9% vs. LI: −3.7 ± 4.1%; p = 0.053). However, ESs were moderate (ES = 0.55) and large (ES = 1.07), respectively, in favor of SI for these dependent variables. There were no changes in isokinetic knee-extension strength (p > 0.05). The present SI protocol induced superior improvements in on-ice endurance performance compared with the LI protocol. Practitioners seeking to improve ice hockey players' on-ice endurance performance should consider including SI in their conditioning protocol.
Immunohistochemical evaluation of survivin in oral lichen planus and oral squamous cell carcinoma - a retrospective study
Authors: H Tejaswi Lingam , P Swetha , Manyam Ravikanth 
Published: August 2021

Introduction. Oral cancer is a multistep process involving enhanced activation of proto-oncogenes. Survivin (anti-apoptotic protein) is one of such proto-oncogenes that contribute to the carcinogenesis by deregulating cell proliferation. Expression of these proteins in cancerous and pre-cancerous lesions helps a better understanding of the etiology, treatment and prognosis.
Aim. To evaluate qualitative and quantitative expression of survivin in healthy mucosa, oral lichen planus (OLP) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
Methods. A total of 70 cases of formalin fixed paraffin embedded blocks, of which 20 healthy mucosa, 20 OSCC and 30 OLP were included in the study and stained immunohistochemically using antibodies against survivin monoclonal antibody.
4μm sections were stained immunohistochemically, both nuclear and cytoplasmic staining was considered as positive for survivin. Positive and negative stained cells were counted with the help of Olympus BX51 rarefaction microscope and were analyzed quantitatively using image analysis pro plus software. Representative fields were randomly selected at 40X high power magnification. Values obtained were evaluated and tabulated for statistical analysis.
Results. There was a statistically significant relation between the expressions of survivin among healthy mucosa, OLP, OSCC with a p value of 0.001.
Conclusion. Presence of survivin expression in healthy mucosa, OLP and OSCC, which is an inhibitor of apoptosis protein, can be identified as a useful diagnostic tool for the identification of precancerous lesions and conditions which are at higher risk for progression into invasive carcinoma.