bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human Amniotic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Support the ex Vivo Expansion of Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Authors: Orticelli Valentina , Papait Andrea , Vertua Elsa , Bonassi Signoroni Patrizia , Romele Pietro , Di Pietro Lorena , Magatti Marta , Teofili Luciana , Silini Antonietta Rosa , Parolini Ornella 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Currently, more than 30 000 allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantations have been performed for the treatment of hematological and nonhematological diseases using HSC from umbilical cord blood (CB). However, the wide utilization of CB as a source of HSC is limited by the low number of cells recovered. One strategy to expand ex vivo CB-HSC is represented by the use of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) as a feeder to enhance HSC proliferation while maintaining HSC stemness. Indeed, BM-MSCs have been recognized as one of the most relevant players in the HSC niche. Thus, it has been hypothesized that they can support the ex vivo expansion of HSC by mimicking the physiological microenvironment present in the hematopoietic niche. Due to the role of placenta in supporting fetal hematopoiesis, MSC derived from the amniotic membrane (hAMSC) of human term placenta could represent an interesting alternative to BM-MSC as a feeder layer to enhance the proliferation and maintain HSC stemness. Therefore, in this study we investigated if hAMSC could support the ex vivo expansion of HSC and progenitor cells. The capacity of hAMSCs to support the ex vivo expansion of CB-HSC was evaluated in comparison to the control condition represented by the CB-CD34+ cells without a feeder layer. The coculture was performed at two different CD34+:MSC ratios (1:2 and 1:8) in both cell-to-cell contact and transwell setting. After 7 days, the cells were collected and analyzed for phenotype and functionality. Our results suggest that hAMSCs represent a valuable alternative to BM-MSC to support: (a) the ex vivo expansion of CB-HSC in both contact and transwell systems, (b) the colony forming unit ability, and (c) long-term culture initiating cells ability. Overall, these findings may contribute to address the unmet need of high HSC content in CB units available for transplantation.
The Appreciative Inquiry Method: From knowledge elicitation to organisational inquiry
Authors: Stowell Frank 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to provide an account of the development of the Appreciative Inquiry Method (AIM) from its origins as a method for knowledge elicitation to its use as a method of organisational inquiry. In the paper, I describe the contributions that research and practice have made as it evolved into a soft method of inquiry. Although it is clear that Vickers notions of appreciative systems and soft systems methodology are major influences, there are some important practical differences which, in certain circumstances, might be better suited to a situation where access is limited in some way.
Teil I: Darstellung wichtiger Grundlagen und Klärung relevanter Begriffe
Authors: Karl Katrin Bente 
Published: July 2021

ZusammenfassungDieses Kapitel soll eine solide Basis für die folgenden Ausführungen in diesem Band schaffen, indem wichtige Grundlagen dargestellt und die relevantesten Begriffe für unseren Kontext erklärt werden. Es handelt sich hier um Hintergrundwissen, auf das im Laufe des Buches an unterschiedlichen Stellen immer wieder verwiesen wird. Um für ein entsprechendes Verständnis und Möglichkeit der Einordnung zu sorgen, sollen hier die zentralsten Konzepte, Begrifflichkeiten und Krankheitsbilder vorgestellt und erläutert werden. Um zugleich die Lesbarkeit zu erhöhen, wird hier auf eine umfangreiche Diskussion und Erläuterung unterschiedlicher Verwendungsweisen der Terminologie in der Forschung verzichtet.
Teil II: Mehrsprachige in der Pflegebedürftigkeit
Authors: Karl Katrin Bente 
Published: July 2021

ZusammenfassungDieser Teil widmet sich einer ausführlichen Darstellung der Situation mehrsprachiger Pflegebedürftiger in Deutschland. Dafür soll zunächst ein Einblick in demografische Zahlen die Relevanz und auch zugleich die Heterogenität der Gruppe verdeutlichen. Im Anschluss werden besondere Bedarfe herausgearbeitet, die dann zu einer genaueren Darstellung der (sprachlichen) Situation mehrsprachiger Menschen in deutschsprachigen Pflegeheimen überführen. Anhand von drei Fallbeispielen werden unterschiedliche sprachliche Konstellationen beschrieben, wobei ein besonderes Augenmerk auf die Folgen der sprachlichen Situation für die Pflegebedürftigen gelegt wird.
Teil V: Forschungseinblicke in studentische Arbeiten
Authors: Karl und Studierende Katrin Bente 
Published: July 2021

ZusammenfassungDieser Teil des Bandes liefert Einblicke in Forschungsarbeiten von studentischen Teilnehmerinnen, die im Zusammenhang mit dem Projekt UnVergessen entstanden sind. Dabei handelt es sich sowohl um Forschungsberichte, die Teil der Projektteilnahme sind als auch um vertiefende Abhandlungen, die aus entsprechend thematisch ausgerichteten Qualifizierungsarbeiten hervorgegangen sind.
Entwicklung der stationären Versorgungsqualität operativ behandelter Patienten mit einer proximalen Femurfraktur in Nordrhein-Westfalen
Authors: Neumann C. J. , Schulze-Raestrup U. , Müller-Mai C. M. , Smektala R. 
Published: July 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Fragestellung
Pro Jahr erleiden in Deutschland über 100.000 Menschen, überwiegend höheren Alters, eine proximale Femurfraktur. Steigende Fallzahlen im Zusammenhang mit einer alternden Bevölkerung und eine relativ große Zahl behandlungsbedürftiger Begleiterkrankungen erschweren die alltägliche Versorgung. Daher ist die Beobachtung der Versorgungsqualität dieser Patienten anhand relevanter Qualitätsparameter von großer Bedeutung, um Implikationen für die alltägliche Behandlungspraxis ableiten zu können.

Material und Methoden
Die Daten der externen stationären Qualitätssicherung aus Nordrhein-Westfalen der Jahre 2007 und 2008 sowie 2017 und 2018 wurden analysiert und die Zeiträume vergleichend gegenübergestellt. Zusätzlich wurde anhand der dokumentierten Nebendiagnosen und weiterer Einflussparameter eine Risikoadjustierung mithilfe eines logistischen Regressionsmodells in Bezug auf die Zielgrößen der allgemeinen und chirurgischen Komplikationen sowie der Letalität durchgeführt. Es wurden sowohl osteosynthetisch als auch endoprothetisch versorgte Patienten berücksichtigt. Insgesamt konnten 61.249 Fälle in die Studie eingeschlossen werden.

Ergebnisse
Positive Entwicklungen konnten im Bereich der chirurgischen Komplikationen und der Wundinfektionen mit Rückgängen um 1,2 % bzw. 0,8 % beobachtet werden. Bei Vorliegen einer Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankung war das Outcome der Patienten besonders schlecht. Hierbei zeigten sich für die allgemeinen Komplikationen im Verlauf Verbesserungen in der Subkategorie der kardiovaskulären Ereignisse. Die Letalität lag unverändert bei 6 %. Deutlich gesteigert wurde die operative Tätigkeit an den Wochenenden. Patienten, deren Krankenhausaufnahme in zeitlichem Bezug zum Wochenende lag, wiesen kein erhöhtes Komplikations- oder Letalitätsrisiko auf. Obwohl der Anteil der erst nach über 48 h operierten Patienten von 11,4 % auf 8,2 % gesenkt werden konnte, verzögert sich die Operation (> 24 h) immer noch in 26,8 % der Fälle.

Schlussfolgerungen
Vor dem Hintergrund steigender Leistungsanforderungen an das Gesundheitssystem dokumentieren die Ergebnisse Verbesserungen in einigen zentralen Bereichen der stationären Behandlung. Dennoch ist die Entwicklung von Strategien zur weiteren Reduktion der präoperativen Liegezeiten in medizinisch vertretbarer Weise zu fordern. Internistische Begleiterkrankungen beeinflussen das Outcome der Patienten maßgeblich. Somit ist eine adäquate Behandlung des multimorbiden Patientenkollektivs auf der Grundlage einer engen Kooperation zwischen alterstraumatologischen und geriatrisch-internistischen Fachabteilungen in der Alltagspraxis zu etablieren.
Identification of N-glycans with GalNAc-containing antennae from recombinant HIV trimers by ion mobility and negative ion fragmentation
Authors: Harvey David J. , Behrens Anna-Janina , Crispin Max , Struwe Weston B. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractNegative ion collision-induced dissociation (CID) of underivatized N-glycans has proved to be a simple, yet powerful method for their structural determination. Recently, we have identified a series of such structures with GalNAc rather than the more common galactose capping the antennae of hybrid and complex glycans. As part of a series of publications describing the negative ion fragmentation of different types of N-glycan, this paper describes their CID spectra and estimated nitrogen cross sections recorded by travelling wave ion mobility mass spectrometry (TWIMS). Most of the glycans were derived from the recombinant glycoproteins gp120 and gp41 from the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), recombinantly derived from human embryonic kidney (HEK 293T) cells. Twenty-six GalNAc-capped hybrid and complex N-glycans were identified by a combination of TWIMS, negative ion CID, and exoglycosidase digestions. They were present as the neutral glycans and their sulfated and α2→3-linked sialylated analogues. Overall, negative ion fragmentation of glycans generates fingerprints that reveal their structural identity.
Absolute serum neurofilament light chain levels and its early kinetics predict brain injury after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Adler Christoph , Onur Oezguer A. , Braumann Simon , Gramespacher Hannes , Bittner Stefan , Falk Steffen , Fink Gereon R. , Baldus Stephan , Warnke Clemens 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objectives
To test if the early kinetics of neurofilament light (NFL) in blood adds to the absolute values of NFL in the prediction of outcome, and to evaluate if NFL can discriminate individuals with severe hypoxic–ischemic brain injury (sHIBI) from those with other causes of poor outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).

Design and setting
Monocentric retrospective study involving individuals following non-traumatic OHCA between April 2014 and April 2016. NFL concentrations were determined on a SiMoA HD-1 device using NF-Light Advantage Kits.

Participants
Of 73 patients screened, 53 had serum samples available for NFL measurement at three timepoints (after 3, 24, and 48 h of admission). Of these 53 individuals, 43.4% had poor neurologic outcome at discharge as assessed by Glasgow–Pittsburgh cerebral performance categories, and, according to a current prognostication algorithm, poor outcome due to sHIBI in 20.7%.

Main outcome measure
Blood NFL and its early kinetics for prognostication of outcome and prediction of sHIBI after OHCA.

Results
An absolute NFL > 508.6 pg/ml 48 h after admission, or a change in NFL > 494 pg/ml compared with an early baseline value predicted outcome, and discriminated severe sHIBI from other causes of unfavorable outcome after OHCA with high sensitivity (100%, 95%CI 70.0–100%) and specificity (91.7%, 95%CI 62.5–100%).

Conclusions
Not only absolute values of NFL, but also early changes in NFL predict the outcome following OHCA, and may differentiate sHIBI from other causes of poor outcome after OHCA with high sensitivity and specificity. Our study adds to published data, overall corroborating that NFL measured in blood should be implemented in prognostication algorithms used in clinical routine.
The Role of Rock Matrix Permeability in Controlling Hydraulic Fracturing in Sandstones
Authors: Fazio Marco , Ibemesi Peter , Benson Philip , Bedoya-González Diego , Sauter Martin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA concomitant effect of a hydraulic fracturing experimenting is frequently fluid permeation into the rock matrix, with the injected fluid permeating through the porous rock matrix (leak-off) rather than contributing to the buildup of borehole pressure, thereby slowing down or impeding the hydro-fracturing process. Different parameters, such as low fluid viscosity, low injection rate and high rock permeability, contribute to fluid permeation. This effect is particularly prominent in highly permeable materials, therefore, making sleeve fracturing tests (where an internal jacket separates the injected fluid in the borehole from the porous rock matrix) necessary to generate hydraulic fractures. The side effect, however, is an increase in pressure breakdown, which results in higher volume of injected fluid and in higher seismic activity. To better understand this phenomenon, we report data from a new comparative study from a suite of micro-hydraulic fracturing experiments on highly permeable and on low-permeability rock samples. Experiments were conducted in both sleeve fracture and direct fluid fracture modes using two different injection rates. Consistent with previous studies, our results show that hydraulic fracturing occurred only with low permeation, either due to the intrinsic low permeability or due to the presence of an inner silicon rubber sleeve. In particular, due to the presence of quasi-impermeable inner sleeve or borehole skin in the sleeve fracturing experiment, fracturing occurs, with the breakdown pressure supporting the linear elastic approach considering poroelastic effects, therefore, with low stress drop and consequently low microseismicity. Rock matrix permeability also controls the presence of precursory Acoustic Emission activity, as this is linked to the infiltration of fluids and consequent expansion of the pore space. Finally, permeability is shown to mainly control fracturing speed, because the permeation of fluid into the newly created fracture via the highly permeable rock matrix slows down its full development. The application of these results to the field may help to reduce induced seismicity and to conduct well stimulation in a more efficient way.
Burr hole craniostomy versus minicraniotomy in chronic subdural hematoma: a comparative cohort study
Authors: Zolfaghari Shaian , Bartek Jiri , Strom Isabelle , Djärf Felix , Wong San-San , Ståhl Nils , Jakola Asgeir S. , Nittby Redebrandt Henrietta 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is one of the most common neurosurgical diseases. In surgical management of CSDH, there is a lack of standardized guidelines concerning surgical techniques and a lack of consensus on which technique(s) are optimal. Neurosurgical centers have shown a wide variation in surgical techniques. The purpose of this study was to compare two different surgical techniques, one burr hole craniostomy with an active subgaleal drain (BHC) and minicraniotomy with a passive subdural drain (MC).

Methods
We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study at two neurosurgical centers in Sweden which included patients with unilateral CSDHs that received surgical treatment with either BHC or MC. The primary outcomes in comparison of the techniques were 30-day mortality, recurrence rate, and complications according to the Landriel Ibañez grading system for complications.

Results
A total of 1003 patients were included in this study. The BHC subgroup included 560 patients, and the MC subgroup included 443 patients. A 30-day mortality when comparing BHC (2.3%) and MC (2.7%) was similar (p = 0.701). Comparing recurrence rate for BHC (8.9%) and MC (10.8%) showed no significant difference (p = 0.336). We found that medical complications were significantly more common in the MC group (p = 0.001). Surgical complications (type IIb) was also associated with the MC group (n = 10, p = 0.003). Out of the 10 patients with type IIb complications in the MC group, 8 had postoperative acute subdural hematomas.

Conclusions
BHC was comparable to MC concerning 30-day mortality rate and recurrence rates. We did, however, find that MC was significantly associated with medical complications and serious surgical postoperative complications.
Micro-displacement monitoring in caves at the Southern Alps–Dinarides–Southwestern Pannonian Basin junction
Authors: Šebela Stanka , Stemberk Josef , Briestenský Miloš 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn situ micro-displacement monitoring in caves at the seismically active junction of the Southern Alps, Dinarides and Southwestern Pannonian Basin revealed active tectonic micro-deformations. The largest total vertical movement of 0.35 mm (2008–2018) occurred at Kostanjeviška Jama (Southwestern Pannonian Basin–Dinarides). Two abrupt displacements observed at that cave location correspond to pre- and post-seismic episodes in 2014 and 2015. At Pološka Jama (Southern Alps), more gradual and continuous displacement on a monitored bedding plane of 0.13 mm down-slip (2008–2018) was observed. This movement is attributed to slope relaxation as well as tectonic activity on the Julian Alps thrust fault and the seismogenic Ravne Fault, which generated earthquakes atMw = 5.6 in 1998 andMw = 5.2 in 2004. At Jama pri Svetih Treh Kraljih in Dinarides, activity on the Ravne Fault was shown as sinistral-horizontal (0.1 mm) and vertical (0.15 mm) movement along an E–W-oriented tectonic structure. This shallowly buried site also experienced cyclic seasonal displacements. At Županova Jama, multiple short-term horizontal dextral and sinistral strike-slip pulses (2016–2018) demonstrated active tectonic micro-deformations within the wider zone of the Dobrepolje and Želimlje faults. At Postojnska Jama, two episodes of vertical movement on a NW–SE-oriented fault are associated with earthquake swarms: the first episode was in 2010 (MLV = 3.7) and the second in 2014 (MLV = 4.3). In-cave flood events do not coincide with periods of micro-displacement activity in the studied caves, and therefore are not the drivers of the micro-displacement.
Measurement properties of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in hyperhidrosis: a systematic review
Authors: Gabes Michaela , Knüttel Helge , Kann Gesina , Tischer Christina , Apfelbacher Christian J. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To critically appraise, compare and summarize the quality of all existing PROMs that have been validated in hyperhidrosis to at least some extend by applying the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) methodology. Thereby, we aim to give a recommendation for the use of PROMs in future clinical trials in hyperhidrosis.

Methods
We considered studies evaluating, describing or comparing measurement properties of PROMs as eligible. A systematic literature search in three big databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science) was performed. We assessed the methodological quality of each included study using the COSMIN Risk of Bias checklist. Furthermore, we applied predefined quality criteria for good measurement properties and finally, graded the quality of the evidence.

Results
Twenty-four articles reporting on 13 patient-reported outcome measures were included. Three instruments can be further recommended for use. They showed evidence for sufficient content validity and moderate- to high-quality evidence for sufficient internal consistency. The methodological assessment showed existing evidence gaps for eight other PROMs, which therefore require further validation studies to make an adequate decision on their recommendation. The Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Measure-Axillary (HDSM-Ax) and the short-form health survey with 36 items (SF-36) were the only questionnaires not recommended for use in patients with hyperhidrosis due to moderate- to high-quality evidence for insufficient measurement properties.

Conclusion
Three PROMs, the Hyperhidrosis Quality of Life Index (HidroQoL), the Hyperhidrosis Questionnaire (HQ) and the Sweating Cognitions Inventory (SCI), can be recommended for use in future clinical trials in hyperhidrosis. Results obtained with these three instruments can be seen as trustworthy. Nevertheless, further validation of all three PROMs is desirable.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42020170247
A mechanism that realizes strong emergence
Authors: van Hateren J. H. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe causal efficacy of a material system is usually thought to be produced by the law-like actions and interactions of its constituents. Here, a specific system is constructed and explained that produces a cause that cannot be understood in this way, but instead has novel and autonomous efficacy. The construction establishes a proof-of-feasibility of strong emergence. The system works by utilizing randomness in a targeted and cyclical way, and by relying on sustained evolution by natural selection. It is not vulnerable to standard arguments against strong emergence, in particular ones that assume that the physical realm is causally closed. Moreover, it does not suffer from epiphenomenalism or causal overdetermination. The system uses only standard material components and processes, and is fully consistent with naturalism. It is discussed whether the emergent cause can still be viewed as ‘material’ in the way that term is commonly understood.
A note on the exact boundary controllability for an imperfect transmission problem
Authors: Monsurrò S. , Nandakumaran A. K. , Perugia C. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this note, we consider a hyperbolic system of equations in a domain made up of two components. We prescribe a homogeneous Dirichlet condition on the exterior boundary and a jump of the displacement proportional to the conormal derivatives on the interface. This last condition is the mathematical interpretation of an imperfect interface. We apply a control on the external boundary and, by means of the Hilbert Uniqueness Method, introduced by J. L. Lions, we study the related boundary exact controllability problem. The key point is to derive an observability inequality by using the so called Lagrange multipliers method, and then to construct the exact control through the solution of an adjoint problem. Eventually, we prove a lower bound for the control time which depends on the geometry of the domain, on the coefficients matrix and on the proportionality between the jump of the solution and the conormal derivatives on the interface.