bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sowing Time and Management Effects on Phenology, Growth and Yield of Garden Pea
Authors: Kakon SS , Sheikh MM , Khan MSA , Begum AA , Chowdhury JA , Hossain MA 
Published: March 2021

The experiment was conducted at the research field of the Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur and Regional Agricultural Research Stations (RARS), Burirhat during two successive rabi seasons of 2015 and 17 to find out the relation between different development events of garden pea (Pisum sativum L.) and the sowing time based temperature, and also to minimize the yield reduction by adopting appropriate management practices. The treatments comprised with three sowing dates (30 November, 15 December and 30 December) and three management practices (low, medium and high). Under high management, Nov. 30 sowing took maximum days (64 days in 2015-16 and 58 days in 2016-17 at Joydebpur and 58 days in 2015-16 and 57 days in 2016-17 at RARS, Burirhat) to reach harvesting maturity. The results indicated that the number of days required for attaining different phenological stages decreased with delay of sowing. Late sowing took minimum time from flowering to fresh pod maturity (51 days and 49 days in two years at Joydebpur, and 49 days and 46 days in two years at Burirhat) due to increase in minimum temperature. The results revealed that the highest pod yield (14.77 t ha-1in 2015-16 and 13.09 t ha-1in 2016-17 at Joydebpur and 9.63 tha-1 in 2015-16 and 10.33 t ha-1in 2016-17 at Burirhat) was recorded from 30 November sowing with high management practices which was followed by 15 December with the same management. Yield reduction in late sowing was reduced to some extent by high management practices. The two year results revealed that 30 November sowing with high management practices (extra 20% recommended fertilizer dose, HRC + two irrigation at pre flowering and pod development stage + seed treatment + one weeding at 21 DAE) showed better pod yield than other combinations.
Bangladesh Agron. J. 2020, 23(2): 13-22
Estimation of Temperature Co-Efficient of Wheat for Adjusting Proper Sowing Time
Authors: Begum AA , Mian MAK , Rahman J , Khanum MM , Ali MZ , Saha RR 
Published: March 2021

The field experiment was conducted at Agronomy research field, Joydebpur, Gazipur (Latitude: 23.999941, Longitude: 90.420273), RARS, Jamalpur (Latitude: 24.923025, Longitude: 89.950111) and ARS, Rajbari, Dinajpur (Latitude: 25.63544, Longitude: 88.65144) of BARI during rabi of 2018 – 2019 to observe the growth behavior and yield of wheat as influenced by prevailing air temperature based on sowing time. There were five sowing dates viz., D1 = 10 November, D2 =20 November, D3 = 30 November, D4=10 December and D5=20 December. Sowing date showed great influence on TDM production, LAI, physiological maturity, yield and yield components of wheat. 30 November sowing produced the maximum TDM and LAI followed by 20 November sowing. These parameters finally contributed to higher grain yield than earlier and later sowing date. The crop sown on 30 November took the longest period (105, 106 and 109 days, respectively) to attain the physiological maturity with the highest GDD (1639, 1638 and 1640 respectively) and 20 December sown crop took the shortest period (95 , 96 and 98 days respectively) to attain the physiological maturity with the lowest GDD (1530, 1528 and 1525 at Joydebpur, Jamalpur and Rajbari, respectively).It was also found that 30 November sown crop produced the higher grain yield (4.90 t ha-1, 4.99 t ha-1 and 5.03 t ha-1 at Joydebpur, Jamalpur and Rajbari, respectively).The results revealed that 20-30 November sowing produced higher grain yield might be due to favourable air temperature for growth and development. Late sowing after November 30 produced lower grain yield due to high temperature prevailed at the later growth stage (March) of wheat at Joydebpur, Jamalpur and Rajbari region. The temperature co-efficient of wheat was estimated at 2.41 t ha-1 (1.95-2.89 t ha-1) indicated grain yield reduced 2.41 t ha-1 per 1°C increased of air temperature and effect of temperature on the grain yield of wheat was estimated at 81-84%.
Bangladesh Agron. J. 2020, 23(2): 69-80
Herbicide Use Strategy and Its Economy as a Weed Management Option in Wheat Varieties
Authors: Mostafa MG , Karim MF , Hossain HMMT 
Published: March 2021

Weed pressure is an additional threat to high temperature stressed wheat crop for its optimum production. A field experiment was conducted at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during Rabi 2017-2018 to assess the response of wheat varieties to different weed managements and its economical viability. As such three varieties i.e. BARI Gom-28, BARI Gom-29, and BARI Gom-30 along with five weed managements viz. control (no weeding), two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS, Panida 33EC (Pendimethalin) @ 2000 ml ha-1 spray at 5 DAS as pre-emergence, Affinity 50.75 WP (Isoproturon) @ 1500 g ha-1 spray at 25 DAS as post-emergence and Panida 33EC (Pendimethalin) @ 2000 ml ha-1 at 5 DAS + Affinity 50.75 WP (Isoproturon) @ 1500 g ha-1 at 5 & 25 DAS were treatment variables tested under split plot design.Cynodon dactylon, Cyperus rotundus, Echinochloa colona, Eleusine indica, Chenopodium album, Alternanthera philoxeroides, Brassica kaber, Leliotropium indicum, Vicia sativa,etc.werethe major weeds as determined based on their field intensity.Results revealed that BARI Gom-30 out-yielded other varieties with the highest grain yield (3.01 t ha-1). Pre-emergence application of Panida 33EC at 5 DAS proved as suitable weed management compared to other methods. BARI Gom-30 in combination with Panida 33EC @ 2000 ml ha-1 spray at 5 DAS as pre-emergence gave higher yield and yield attributes while BARI Gom-28 under no weeding check showed lower grain yield (2.09 t ha-1). Economically maximum gross return (Tk.75761.52ha-1),net income (Tk.21775.92ha-1), and BCR (1.41) were associated with Panida 33EC treatment when minimum values were obtained in the control plot (no weeding). So, the application of pre-emergence herbicide, Panida 33EC might be economically viable weed management ensuring a higher yield in wheat cultivation.
Bangladesh Agron. J. 2020, 23(2): 119-125
“You Are on the Right Track With the App:” Qualitative Analysis of Mobile Phone Use and User Feedback Regarding Mobile Phone Sexual Risk Assessments for HIV Prevention Research
Authors: Dietrich Janan J. , Benadé Gabriella L. , Mulaudzi Mamakiri , Kagee Ashraf , Hornschuh Stefanie , Makhale Lerato M. , Lemos Maria P. , Lazarus Erica , Andrasik Michele P. , Horvath Keith J. 
Published: March 2021

Background: Accurate self-report of sexual behavior assists in identifying potential HIV exposure in HIV prevention trials. Brief mobile phone assessments, completed daily or after sexual activity, can improve the validity and reliability of self-reported sexual behavior and allow for remote survey completion outside of the clinic setting. We conducted a qualitative study to better understand participants mobile phone use and to explore their perspectives on how to improve an existing mobile application-based sexual risk assessment.Methods: Sexually active, HIV seronegative men (n = 14) and women (n = 15) aged 18–39 years were recruited through an HIV counseling and testing clinic and community outreach in Soweto, South Africa. We conducted qualitative research through four age-stratified focus group discussions (FGDs) and analyzed a brief socio-demographics and mobile phone access questionnaire. All participants completed a sexual risk assessment before the FGD. Using a framework analytic approach, data were coded with Nvivo software.Results: All participants had access to mobile phones and internet, and 27 (93.1%) were able to download applications on their personal phones. Participants preferred mobile risk assessments to be offered in a choice of South African languages, using formal language (as opposed to emojis), with straight-forward wording and limited to five to 10 questions. Most participants found it acceptable to complete the assessment once a week, on a weekday, while a few were willing to complete it after each sexual encounter. It was suggested that a message reminder to complete the assessment should be sent at least daily until it is completed. The majority agreed that a password-protected application with a discreet logo was ideal for privacy, ease of use and flexibility for completion in any setting. A concern with this format, however, was the potential data use requirement. Participants expressed privacy concerns with using SMS, WhatsApp and other social media for risk assessments. Most agreed on an airtime incentive between ZAR5-10 (USD 0.29–0.58) per survey. Participants encouraged researchers to provide feedback to them about their sexual risk.Conclusions: Completion of mobile phone sexual risk assessments can be optimized with minimal incentives by ensuring that questionnaires are simple, brief, infrequent and have trusted privacy measures.
Centroid Moment Tensor of the 2019 MW 5.7 Changning Earthquake Refined Using 3D Green’s Functions Considering Surface Topography
Authors: Huo Yuanhang , Zhang Wei , Zhang Jie 
Published: March 2021

TheMW5.7 Changning earthquake occurred in southern Sichuan basin on 17 June 2019 and was the largest event ever recorded in this region. There are still some arguments existing about the causes of the earthquake and its possible links with water injections. Many studies on this earthquake have been performed, but the event depths obtained among them are significantly different and the source mechanisms also exhibit variations. In this study, we design an inversion scheme and use 3D Green’s functions considering the rugged topography of this region to determine the event location and moment tensor of the Changning earthquake based on waveform fittings. The 3D model can reduce the uncertainty due to the approximation of 1D model and better constrain the solutions. The latitude and the longitude of event location are 28.34°N and 104.82°E respectively and the depth is 3.14 km. The nodal plane solutions are strike 295°/dip 88°/rake 14° and strike 204°/dip 76°/rake 178°. The percentages of DC, CLVD and ISO components are 10, −83, and −7%, respectively. The good waveform fittings at 17 broadband stations indicate the reliability of the source mechanism in this study.
Identification and Ranking of Core Values in Family Medicine: A Mixed Methods Study From Ukraine
Authors: Kolesnyk Pavlo , Bayen Sabine , Shushman Ivanna , Kolesnyk Andrew , Kuodza George , Klemenc-Ketiš Zalika , Frese Thomas 
Published: March 2021

Introduction/Context: The term core value (CV) can be defined as fundamental beliefs or principles, guiding one's behavior in a social context. Though core competencies of family medicine (FM) have been clearly defined by WONCA, there has been an ongoing debate on what the CVs are for family doctors (FDs). Ukraine is a developing country in the middle of Europe with a population of 43 million inhabitants, gained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. Ukraine is a low-income country, developing a modern European healthcare system, especially regarding FM. To implement WONCA standards, it is mandatory to assess the ongoing understanding of CVs in clinical daily practice among active FDs, working in different countries of Europe including Ukraine.Research questions: How do Ukrainian FDs (Delphi group experts) define the CVs of FM in Ukraine and how important are these CVs to a wider population of Ukrainian FDs in their everyday practice?Methods: A mixed method study was conducted in two steps during August and September 2020 in Ukraine. The first part was a qualitative Delphi round (three rounds) design among 20 Ukrainian FDs who were familiar with teaching and terms like CV. A consensus list of six CVs has emerged from the Delphi round study. The second part was a quantitative survey among Ukrainian FDs, who were not specially used to discussing CVs. The consensus list of those six CVs was then submitted to 2000 FDs (randomly selected) who were not involved in the Delphi team, to rank those values from one to nine, according to the importance from their personal point of view. Demographic characteristics have been assessed for all the participants of the Delphi round and quantitative survey.Results: Twenty FDs were involved as experts in the first Delphi round, whereas only five experts continued their participation in the second and the third rounds of the survey. The following six CVs emerged from the Delphi round: comprehensive approach, care coordination, first recourse, continuity of care, integrated approach, and patient and family centered care. The final sample consisted of 375 FDs (19% response rate). There were 323 (88.7%) female and 34 (9.3%) male FDs in the sample. The mean age of the participants was 44.6±13.5 years.Discussion/Conclusion: Defining CVs for FM by Ukrainian FDs in a given socio-economical and historical-cultural setting is crucial to optimize primary medical care and to guarantee an appropriate and successful implementation of WONCA standards as well as CVs in different countries including those where reformation of the health system is ongoing.
An Enhanced High-Volume Preparation for Colonoscopy Is Not Better Than a Conventional Low-Volume One in Patients at Risk of Poor Bowel Cleansing: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Gimeno-García Antonio Z. , Hernández Goretti , Baute Dorta José Luis , Reygosa Cristina , de la Barreda Raquel , Hernandez-Bustabad Alberto , Amaral Carla , Cedrés Yaiza , del Castillo Rocío , Nicolás-Pérez David , Jiménez Alejandro , Alarcon-Fernández Onofre , Hernandez-Guerra Manuel , Romero Rafael , Alonso Inmaculada , González Yanira , Adrian Zaida , Hernandez Domingo , Ramos Laura , Carrillo Marta , Felipe Vanessa , Hernández Anjara , Rodríguez-Jiménez Consuelo , Quintero Enrique 
Published: March 2021

Objective: We tested the hypothesis that an enhanced bowel preparation strategy (EBS) improves colonic cleansing in patients at high risk for inadequate bowel cleansing (HRI).Methods: This prospective randomized clinical trial included consecutive HRI patients referred for outpatient colonoscopy between February and October 2019. HRI was considered if patients scored &gt;1.225 according to a previously validated bowel-cleansing predictive score. HRI patients were randomized (1:1) to a low-volume conventional bowel cleansing strategy (CBS) (1-day low residue diet (LRD) plus 2 L of polyethylene glycol (PEG) plus ascorbic acid) or to an EBS (3-day LRD plus 10 mg oral bisacodyl plus 4 L PEG). The Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) was used to assess the quality of cleanliness. Intention-to-treat (ITT) and per protocol (PP) analyses were performed. A sample size of 130 patients per group was estimated to reach a 15% difference in favor of EBP.Results: A total of 253 HRI patients were included (mean age 69.8 ± 9.5 years, 51.8% women). No statistically significant differences were found in the BBPS scale between the two groups in the ITT analysis (CBS 76.8% vs. EBS 79.7%, P = 0.58) or PP analysis (CBS 78% vs. EBS 84.3%, P = 0.21), risk difference 2.9% (95% CI−7.26 to 39.16) in the ITT analysis, or risk difference 6.3% (95% CI−3.48 to 16.08) in PP analysis. No differences in preparation tolerance, compliance, adverse effects, or colonoscopy findings were found.Conclusion: EBS is not superior to CBS in hard-to-prepare patients. (EUDRACT: 2017-000787-15, NCT03830489).Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03830489.
The Cost Effectiveness of Immunoglobulin vs. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for CIDP
Authors: Burt Richard K. , Tappenden Paul , Balabanov Roumen , Han Xiaoqiang , Quigley Kathleen , Snowden John A. , Sharrack Basil 
Published: March 2021

Background: Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is effective as standard first line therapy for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP), but some patients remain dependent on its long-term use. Recently, we have reported that autologous non-myeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an effective second line therapy for CIDP.Objectives: To compare the cost of chronic IVIG vs. autologous HSCT (a one-time therapy), we collected data on patients with CIDP undergoing HSCT between 2017 and 2019. This was compared with published literature on the costs and efficacy defined by the Inflammatory Neuropathy Cause And Treatment (INCAT) disability score, Medical Research Council (MRC) sum score, hand grip strength, and SF-36 quality of life (QOL) for CIDP.Methods: Between 2017 and 2019, nineteen patients with chronic CIDP (mean disease treatment duration prior to HSCT of 6 years) underwent autologous HSCT with mean cost of $108,577 per patient (range $56,327–277,119, standard deviation $53,092). After HSCT, 80% of patients remain IVIG and immune treatment free for up to 5 years. In comparison, published cost of IVIG treatment in the USA for an average CIDP patient exceeds $136,000 per year. Despite remaining treatment free, HSCT demonstrated greater improvement in efficacy compared to immunoglobulins.Recommendations: Given the long-term treatment-free remission and better outcome measurements, autologous HSCT is more cost effective than long-term IVIG treatment in patients with chronic CIDP. However, costs will depend on patient selection, the HSCT regimen, and regional variations. Further analysis of the health economics, i.e., cost/outcome ratio, of HSCT as therapy for chronically IVIG dependent CIDP is warranted.
Treatment Outcomes of 9,994 Patients With Extensive-Disease Small-Cell Lung Cancer From a Retrospective Nationwide Population-Based Cohort in the Korean HIRA Database
Authors: Lee Jung Soo , Kim Seoree , Sung Soo-Yoon , Kim Yeo Hyung , Lee Hyun Woo , Hong Ji Hyung , Ko Yoon Ho 
Published: March 2021

To investigate the efficacy of irinotecan-based (IP) and etoposide-based (EP) platinum combinations, and of single-agent chemotherapy, for treatment of extensive-disease small cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC), we performed a large-scale, retrospective, nationwide, cohort study. The population data were extracted from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service of Korea database from January 1, 2008, to November 30, 2016. A total of 9,994 patients were allocated to ED-SCLC and analyzed in this study. The primary objectives were to evaluate the survival outcomes of systemic first-line treatments for ED-SCLC. For first-line treatment, patients who received IP showed a better time to first subsequent therapy (TFST) of 8.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.50–9.40) than those who received EP, who had a TFST of 6.8 months (95% CI, 6.77–6.97, P &lt; 0.0001). In terms of overall survival (OS), IP was superior to EP (median OS, 10.8 months; 95% CI, 10.13–11.33 vs. 9.5 months; 95% CI, 9.33–9.73; P &lt; 0.0001). Taken together, in the Korean population, first-line IP combination chemotherapy had significantly favorable effects on OS and TFST.
Prognostic Implication of the Expression Level of PECAM-1 in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Cao Shuhui , Wang Yue , Li Jingwen , Ling Xuxinyi , Zhang Yao , Zhou Yan , Zhong Hua 
Published: March 2021

Background:Lung cancer is a malignant disease that threatens human health. Hence, it is crucial to identify effective prognostic factors and treatment targets. Single-cell RNA sequencing can quantify the expression profiles of transcripts in individual cells.Methods:GSE117570profiles were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Key ligand-receptor genes in the tumor and the normal groups were screened to identify integrated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the GSE118370 and The Cancer Genome Atlas Lung Adenocarcinoma databases. DEGs associated with more ligand-receptor pairs were selected as candidate DEGs for Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotation, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, and survival analysis. In addition, we conducted validation immunohistochemical experiments on postoperative specimens of 30 patients with lung cancer.Results:A total of 18 candidate DEGs were identified from the tumor and the normal groups. The analysis of the GO biological process revealed that these DEGs were mainly enriched in wound healing, in response to wounding, cell migration, cell motility, and regulation of cell motility, while the KEGG pathway analysis found that these DEGs were mainly enriched in proteoglycans in cancer, bladder cancer, malaria, tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), and the ERBB signaling pathway. Survival analysis showed that a high, rather than a low, expression of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) was associated with improved survival. Similarly, in postoperative patients with lung cancer, we found that the overall survival of the PECAM-1 high-expression group shows a better trend than the PECAM-1 low-expression group (p= 0.172).Conclusions:The candidate DEGs identified in this study may play some important roles in the occurrence and development of lung cancer, especially PECAM-1, which may present potential prognostic biomarkers for the outcome.
Comparing the Value of Cystatin C and Serum Creatinine for Evaluating the Renal Function and Predicting the Prognosis of COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Chen Sichao , Li Jinpeng , Liu Zeming , Chen Danyang , Zhou Ling , Hu Di , Li Man , Long Wei , Huang Yihui , Huang Jianglong , Wang Shipei , Li Qianqian , Zeng Wen , Guo Liang , Wu Xiaohui 
Published: March 2021

Background: Coronavirus disease- (COVID-19-) related renal function abnormality is associated with poor prognosis. However, the clinical significance of dynamic changes in renal function indicators has not been studied, and no studies have evaluated the renal function in COVID-19 patients by cystatin C.Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of abnormal renal function on admission on prognosis of COVID-19 patients and the prognostic value of various renal function indicators.Methods: A total of 1,764 COVID-19 patients without a history of chronic kidney disease were categorized into two groups, an elevated cystatin C group and a normal cystatin C group, based on the results of renal function tests on admission. The clinical characteristics were compared between the two groups, and logistic or Cox regression analyses were performed to explore the associations between elevated cystatin C/serum creatinine levels and disease severity and survival. We also performed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, Kaplan–Meier survival, and curve fitting analyses.Results: When adjusted for several significant clinical variables, elevated cystatin C levels on admission were independent predictors of disease severity (p &lt; 0.001), and elevated creatinine levels were independent predictors of death (p = 0.020). Additionally, the ROC curve analysis shows that elevated cystatin C levels [area under the curve (AUC): 0.656] have a better predictive value for disease severity than elevated creatinine levels (AUC: 0.540). The survival curves of patients with elevated cystatin C/creatinine levels show a sharper decline than those of patients with normal cystatin C/creatinine levels (p &lt; 0.001). The curve fitting analysis revealed that, compared to the flat curves of cystatin C and creatinine levels for patients who survived, the curves for patients who died kept rising, and cystatin C levels rose above the normal range earlier than creatinine.Conclusions: Elevated cystatin C, which occurs earlier than serum creatinine, is useful for the early detection of renal function abnormality and might have better predictive value for disease severity in COVID-19 patients, while elevated serum creatinine may have a better predictive value for risks of death.