bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P027 Brain Fog in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease, and Association With Use of Probiotics
Authors: Dadlani Apaar , Gala Khushboo , Rai Jayesh , Rai Shesh , Dryden Gerald 
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND:
Brain fog has been minimally studied in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD patients frequently consume probiotics, whether sanctioned by a physician or not. However, probiotic consumption in itself has been shown to increase the incidence of brain fog. We aimed to study the association between brain fog in IBD patients with or without probiotic use.

METHODS:
We conducted a cross-sectional study among patients visiting a busy IBD clinic. Patients aged >18 with a biopsy-proven diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease, without pre-existing psychiatric illness or current use of opioid medications were included. They were divided into 2 groups: those using probiotics and those who did not. Patients were given a questionnaire that included details about symptoms of brain fog. Groups were analyzed by chi-square test for differences in baseline demographics, and Mann Whitney U test to compare outcomes between groups. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS:
Of the 66 patients included (mean age 44±2 years), 35 (53%) were female and 59 (89.4%) were Caucasian. Among these patients, 31.8% (n = 21) took probiotics as dietary supplements with the majority (67%, n = 14) taking probiotics for over a year. Overall, there was a trend for an association between probiotic use and brain fog in all patients (p = 0.080) but no statistical significance was attained. However, brain fog was significantly associated with probiotic use among Caucasian patients (p = 0.044). Furthermore, there was a statistically significant association between brain fog and male patients using probiotics (p = 0.004). Duration of probiotic use was also associated with brain fog (p = 0.038).

CONCLUSION:
Consumption of probiotics was independently associated with brain fog in men, as well as Caucasian patients with IBD respectively. Given the high prevalence of probiotic use in IBD patients, prospective studies are warranted to examine the causal relationship between probiotics and IBD-associated brain fog to guide prescription of probiotic supplements for IBD.
P029 Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Analysis of Amiselimod, a Selective Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor Modulator, in Healthy Subjects: Results From a Phase 1 Study
Authors: Lee Jimin , Lester Robert , O'Reilly Terry , Lowe Ezra , Slatkin Neal , Franklin Howard , Israel Robert 
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND:
Amiselimod is a selective sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator in development for inflammatory bowel disease. It is converted to its active metabolite, amiselimod phosphate (amiselimod-P), and has a long half-life and slow accumulation to steady state. We evaluated a multiple-dose titration regimen to determine the plasma pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of amiselimod and amiselimod-P at steady state for the 0.4 mg QD therapeutic dose on day 13 and for the 0.8 mg QD supratherapeutic dose on day 26. We also investigated the pharmacodynamic (PD) effect of amiselimod on absolute lymphocyte counts (ALCs).

METHODS:
A randomized, double-blind, multiple-dose, placebo-controlled, parallel study with a nested crossover design assessed amiselimod and amiselimod-P. Healthy adults received a single dose of placebo followed by oral amiselimod, which was upwardly titrated in doses ranging from 0.4 to 1.6 mg QD to rapidly achieve steady-state concentrations for the 0.4 mg QD and 0.8 mg QD doses within a 28-day treatment period. The PK parameters of amiselimod and amiselimod-P (on days 1, 13 and 26) included the geometric mean (geometric coefficient of variation percentage [CV%]) maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), median (minimum, maximum) time to Cmax (Tmax), geometric mean (geometric CV%) area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) from time 0 to the last measurable concentration, and geometric mean (geometric CV%) AUC from time 0 to 23.5 hours post dose (AUC0-23.5). Multidose PD were evaluated by changes in ALCs.

RESULTS:
The PK population included 95 amiselimod-treated participants and the PD population included 190 participants who received amiselimod or placebo. On day 13, the steady-state AUC and Cmax for amiselimod 0.4 mg QD increased by 10-fold for amiselimod and by 4-fold for amiselimod-P compared with day 1. On day 26, the steady-state AUC0-23.5 and Cmax for amiselimod 0.8 mg QD increased by 1.9-fold for amiselimod and by 1.8-fold for amiselimod-P compared with day 13. The median Tmax of plasma amiselimod and amiselimod-P were similar on all 3 days and were reached at 11 to 12 hours post dose for amiselimod and at 10 hours post dose for amiselimod-P. The mean ALCs for amiselimod exhibited a gradual decrease from pre-dose (1.681 × 103/uL) to a nadir of 0.424 × 103/uL on day 27.

CONCLUSION:
The abbreviated amiselimod dosing titration regimen reached steady state within 14 days for the therapeutic 0.4 mg QD regimen and within 26 days for the supratherapeutic 0.8 mg QD regimen; expected decreases in ALCs were observed following amiselimod.
P046 Tofacitinib Induced Resolution of Severe Colitis and Reactive Atypia in an Adolescent Patient With IBD
Authors: Crawford Erin , Kim Sandra 
Published: December 2021

CASE:
Tofacitinib is an anti-JAK/STAT small molecule approved for treatment of adults (but not children and adolescents) with moderate to severe ulcerative colitis. Data is limited in children and teens although two major centers have shown efficacy as both mono- and dual - combination therapy using tofacitinib in pediatric patients refractory to anti-TNF agents. We present a 16-year-old female diagnosed with inflammatory ileocolonic Crohn’s disease without upper gastrointestinal involvement after presenting with several months of abdominal pain, diarrhea, and unintentional weight loss. Laboratory evaluation was notable for normal inflammatory markers, albumin and complete blood count and an elevated stool lactoferrin. Initial endoscopic evaluation revealed moderate to severe pancolitis and patchy ileitis; biopsies noted mild chronic active ileitis and moderate to severe chronic active pancolitis without dysplastic or atypical changes. She was started on infliximab for induction and maintenance therapy and dosage was increased due to suboptimal levels and marginal symptomatic improvement. However, despite increased dosing plus a course of budesonide (Uceris), she had minimal improvement in her symptoms and ongoing elevation of her lactoferrin. Given an equivocal result on a Clostridium difficile testing (GDH antigen positive only), she was started on oral vancomycin which resulted in mild improvement, but not resolution, of diarrhea and abdominal pain. This was continued after completion of a 14-day course (and subsequent negative testing) due to increased stool frequency with discontinuation of the medication and improvement with reinitiating it. She had severe pancolitis (Mayo 2 – 3) but normal TI on repeat colonoscopy 5 months after diagnosis. Biopsies (reviewed by a panel of adult GI pathologists) were notable for reactive atypia with features concerning for early dysplasia in the ascending and descending colon. Due to disease severity and rapid progression plus histologic changes concerning for possible dysplasia despite optimized therapy with infliximab and repeat negative C. difficile testing, she was started on tofacitinib 10 mg twice daily along with oral vancomycin. She had complete resolution of diarrhea, abdominal pain, and early satiety within a week; repeat fecal lactoferrin was negative (<30). She underwent repeat colonoscopy with chromoendoscopy 5 months after initiation of tofacitinib which revealed mild acute ileitis but no active colonic inflammation, atypia or dysplasia. This is the first report to our knowledge that an adolescent patient with colonic predominant Crohn’s disease has complete resolution of atypia and possible early dysplasia with tofacitinib therapy.
P049 Investigation of Liver Diseases by Ultrasound in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Shintaku Daniel , Lopes Marina , de Oliveira Ana Carolina , Beraldo Rodrigo , Godoi Giovana , Castelhano Natalia , Pereira Jessica , Vulcano Daniela , de Oliveira Ellen Cristina , Herrerias Giedre , Saad-Hossne Rogerio , Baima Julio , Barbosa Walnei , Silva Giovanni , Sassaki Ligia 
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND:
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), which can be divided into Crohn’s Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC), is an immune mediated disease featured by gastrointestinal tract involvement. Hepatic disease, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cirrhosis, cholelithiasis, hepatic thromboembolic events and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) are some hepatic complications presented by IBD patients. Since these hepatic disorders have a higher prevalence in IBD patients, ultrasonography is a noninvasive low-cost versatile tool, that allows to identify these manifestations at early stages. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the prevalence of hepatic diseases in patients with IBD.

METHODS:
A cross-sectional study was performed in a single IBD center, Brazil. This study considered clinical and sociodemographic data of these individuals, besides the evaluation of disease activity, biochemical tests, and liver ultrasound with doppler. Statistical analysis: descriptive, association tests.

RESULTS:
71 patients were included, 34 had CD and 37 had UC, mean age 45.32 ± 13.59 years, 63.38% women. Among CD patients, 42.42% have ileocolonic involvement, 50% penetrating behavior and 39.4% perianal involvement. Among patients with UC, most patients have pancolitis (72.22%). Most patients were in clinical (CD: 93.55%, UC: 63.89%) and endoscopic (47.14%) remission. The main medications used were azathioprine (46.48%), infliximab (40.85%), salicylates (28.17%), corticosteroids (16.9%) and adalimumab (11.27%). According to ultrasound, NAFLD was found in 32 (45.07%) patients: 40.63% mild, 40.63% moderate and 18.75% severe. Furthermore, we found a correlation between liver steatosis and blunt liver edge (p < 0.0155). Only 2 patients presented with choledocholithiasis. One patient had features of chronic liver disease such as irregular surface, heterogeneity of a hepatic parenchymal echo and bluntness of the liver edge. No signs of thrombosis were found in portal, splenic or superior mesenteric veins.

CONCLUSION:
A higher prevalence of NAFLD was found in patients with IBD, and no signs of thrombosis were found in the splanchnic system.
Educación Física, imprescindible en alumnos con necesidades educativas especiales
Authors: Alonso Panizo José Ángel , Castañares Ávila Raquel , Moraleda Dussaillant Alberto , Quiñones Ledesma Guiomar 
Published: December 2021

En la Fundación A LA PAR llevamos más de 70 años trabajando con las personas con discapacidad intelectual por sus derechos y su participación en nuestra sociedad, diseñando apoyos donde encuentran barreras.
Una de las principales herramientas que utilizamos para alcanzar el objetivo anteriormente descrito es la práctica de actividad física adaptada (AFA), entendida como un cuerpo de conocimientos interdisciplinares dedicados a la identificación, aceptación y solución de las diferencias individuales en actividad física, adecuándolas al contexto en el que se desarrollan, en nuestro caso dirigido a jóvenes y adolescentes con discapacidad intelectual.
El objetivo de este análisis, es el de presentar todas las propuestas que se desarrollan desde el área de Educación Física para conseguir mejoras significativas en cuanto a la inclusión social se refiere, a través del deporte.
Ballast water management: technology choice comparing TODIM and THOR 2
Authors: Simões Gomes Carlos Francisco , Autran Monteiro Gomes Luiz Flavio , Duncan Rangel Luís Alberto , Tenório Fabrício Maione , Santos Marcos dos 
Published: December 2021

This paper approaches the problem of ballast water treatment in ships. This has been identified as one of the four greatest threats to the world’s oceans. Solutions that have been considered for solving the problem are alternative water treatment technologies. In the case study reported in this paper three major water treatment technologies have been evaluated with the help of twenty-six criteria, quantitative as well as qualitative by using two discrete multicriteria methods, TODIM and THOR 2. The THOR 2 consists of the axiomatic evolution of the THOR method and both THOR 2 and THOR are made available through the THOR Web platform. Five groups of evaluation criteria are then considered: practicality; biological effectiveness; cost/benefit ratio; time frame for the implementation of standards; and environmental impact of the process' sub-products. In this paper a case study on choosing a ballast water treatment technology is presented. Three alternative ballast water management technologies are proposed by experts in the field and are evaluated with the help of twenty-six criteria, quantitative as well as qualitative. Each ballast water management method is described by a list of twenty-six attributes or criteria. After setting the problem in a clear way and consulting different experts, the two separate applications of both TODIM and THOR 2 are performed. What is denoted as Management Method #1 is indeed chosen as the best alternative according to both methods. The conclusion is that those two methods, although conceptually and analytically quite different, lead essentially to the same main results. Two other applications of both TODIM and THOR have indeed confirmed the convergence of results in spite of the conceptual and technical differences between the two methods. This suggests that formulating a decision problem in a correct, clear-cut way can be at least as important as the technical characteristics of the method per se.
COVID-19: a decision-making approach for evaluating the economic sectors of india during pandemic
Authors: Gupta Srikant 
Published: December 2021

The advent of COVID-19 has escalated into a pandemic and, as a result of infected cases and human fatalities, it tends to rise day by day across the globe. This also ignited concerns of a looming fiscal slump and recession on the different economic sectors as well. The effect of this pandemic is much more significant in developing countries like India due to the already declining growth rate, inadequate health services, and a growing population residing in severe poverty. This paper attempts to understand the impact of COVID‐19 pandemic on the Indian economic sectors by employing a hierarchical approach, based on multi-criteria analysis to understand the impact on primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary sectors by concerning the political, economic, socio‐cultural and technology consequences of COVID‐19. A process-based multi-criteria hierarchical approach has been used to determine the effect of the same and has been prioritized in the sequential sequence.
“Are you gay or do you do gay?” Subjectivities in “gay” stories on the Persian sexblog shahvani.com
Authors: Guitoo Arash 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The main goal of this study is to demonstrate the influence of local-traditional perceptions of sexuality in the construction of subjectivity among men involved in same-sex sexual practices in contemporary Iran. In order to do so, I shall briefly outline some essential features of the local-traditional understanding of sexuality, which I consider to be epistemologically and ontologically different from the modern concept of human sexuality. Subsequently, the continuity of the local-traditional understanding of sexuality in the identity construction of those individuals involved in same-sex sexual practices will be demonstrated through an inquiry on contemporary pornographic stories written by users of an online platform with erotic and pornographic content. I will argue that the perception of and the explanation for same-sex desire as well as the categorisations of subjects found in these stories point to the predominance of local-traditional patterns of thought in the imagination of the authors of these stories. However, it will also be demonstrated that the modern idea of sexuality is present among some other users of this platform, whose modern worldview is in conflict and competition with the local-traditional views on sexuality. This conflict is best illustrated in the commentary sections of the stories on this website, where modern-thinking users question the “truth” of the epistemology behind these local-traditional narratives. This modern users’ criticism of the local-traditional view on same-sex desire shall be addressed in the last part of the paper.
Ricci flow on manifolds with boundary with arbitrary initial metric
Authors: Chow Tsz-Kiu Aaron 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we study the Ricci flow on manifolds with boundary. In the paper, we substantially improve Shen’s result [Y. Shen,
On Ricci deformation of a Riemannian metric on manifold with boundary,
Pacific J. Math. 173 1996, 1, 203–221] to manifolds with arbitrary initial metric. We prove short-time existence and uniqueness of the solution, in which the boundary becomes instantaneously totally geodesic for positive time. Moreover, we prove that the flow we constructed preserves natural boundary conditions. More specifically, if the initial metric has a convex boundary, then the flow preserves positive curvature operator and the PIC1, PIC2 conditions. Moreover, if the initial metric has a two-convex boundary, then the flow preserves the PIC condition.
Ressourcen der Sportvereine in Zeiten der Corona-Pandemie
Authors: Braun Sebastian , Burrmann Ulrike , Sielschott Stephan 
Published: December 2021

ZusammenfassungÖffentliche Diskussionen über Auswirkungen der Corona-Pandemie auf das Vereinswesen in Deutschland und speziell auch das Sportvereinswesen werden derzeit breit geführt. Beispielsweise limitier(t)en physische Abstandsregeln und Kontaktbegrenzungen die Kernaktivitäten der Sportvereine im Hinblick auf die sportliche Praxis, aber auch weitergehende Geselligkeiten im Vereinsleben. Der Beitrag liefert eine empirische Momentaufnahme im Hinblick auf ausgewählte Strukturmerkmale des Sportvereins und vergleicht darüber hinaus die Sportvereine mit anderen freiwilligen Vereinigungen. Dabei konzentriert er sich auf die Frage, wie sich Mitgliedschaften, das ehrenamtliche und freiwillige Engagement der Mitglieder und deren Bindung an den Verein bis in den „zweiten Lockdown“ des Winters 2020/21 hinein verändert haben. Auf empirischer Ebene werden Datenanalysen einer Bevölkerungsbefragung in Deutschland präsentiert, die vom 14.12.2020 bis zum 06.01.2021 als repräsentative Online-Befragung von 3.247 Personen im Alter ab 18 Jahren durchgeführt wurde. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Auswirkungen der Corona-Pandemie im Feld der freiwilligen Vereinigungen im Allgemeinen und speziell auch im Sportvereinswesen deutlich sichtbar sind. Das betrifft insbesondere die markanten Vereinsaustritte und deutlich geringeren Vereinseintritte von Personen im Erwachsenenalter. Zwar ist bei den Sportvereinen auch das ehrenamtliche und freiwillige Engagement der Mitglieder rückläufig, aber wesentlich stabiler als bei den Mitgliedschaften. Bemerkenswert ist, dass trotz der deutlich sichtbaren Einschränkungen des Vereinslebens (z. B. Vereinsangebote, Geselligkeiten, Mitgliederversammlungen) die Bindung der erwachsenen Vereinsmitglieder an die Sportvereine stark ausgeprägt ist.
Wer schuldet hier eigentlich wem?
Authors: Sorg Christoph 
Published: December 2021

Zusammenfassung
Mit der Covid-19-Pandemie und der Frage nach der Welt, in der wir nach der Pandemie leben wollen, stellen sich schuldenpolitische Fragen, die uns aus anderen Krisenzeiten vertraut sind. Was soll mit Haushalten und Unternehmen passieren, die aufgrund von Entwicklungen höherer Gewalt nun hoch verschuldet sind? Wer wird gerettet, wer nicht – und wer zahlt für die Krise? Ein Blick in das letzte Jahrzehnt zeigt eine Geschichte politischer Mobilisierung, die für andere Formen von Schuldenpolitik kämpfte, und in der daher alternative Zukünfte einer post-pandemischen Welt sichtbar werden. In diesem Text versuche ich diese Geschichte zu rekonstruieren, damit aus ihr Lektionen für die aktuelle Situation gezogen werden können. Der erste Teil erklärt zunächst das Konzept der „umkämpften Schuldenpolitik“ und geht auch kurz auf die Methodologie und Methoden meiner Forschung ein. Teil zwei rekonstruiert die jüngere Geschichte umkämpfter Schuldenpolitik von der südlichen Schuldenkrise seit den 1970ern bis zu den jüngeren Platzbesetzungen um 2011. Der dritte und finale Abschnitt diskutiert dann die Utopien dieser schuldenpolitischen Bewegungen, die für alternative Zukünfte kämpfen.
Stability analysis and abundant closed-form wave solutions of the Date–Jimbo–Kashiwara–Miwa and combined sinh–cosh-Gordon equations arising in fluid mechanics
Authors: Seadawy Aly R. , Ali Asghar 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this manuscript, several types of exact solutions including trigonometric, hyperbolic, exponential, and rational function are successfully constructed with the implementation of two modified mathematical methods, namely called extended simple equation and modified F-expansion methods on the (2 + 1)-dimensional Date–Jimbo–Kashiwara–Miwa and the combined sinh–cosh-Gordon equations. Diverse form of solitary wave solutions is achieved from exact solutions by passing the special values to the parameters. Some solution are plotted in the form of 3D and 2D by assigning the specific values to parameters under the constrain condition to the solutions. These approaches yield the new solutions that we think other researchers have missed in the field of nonlinear sciences. Hence the searched wave’s results are loyal to the researchers and also have imperious applications in applied sciences.
Von der Corona-bedingten Schuldenaufnahme zur Wiedereinhaltung der Schuldenbremse
Authors: Feld Lars P. , Nöh Lukas , Reuter Wolf Heinrich , Yeter Mustafa 
Published: December 2021

Zusammenfassung
Die Wiedereinhaltung der Schuldenbremse auf der Bundesebene macht in den kommenden Jahren eine Reduktion der im Rahmen der Corona-Pandemie stark gestiegenen Neuverschuldung notwendig. In diesem Beitrag stellen die Autoren die fiskalpolitischen Spielräume im Vergleich mit der maximal zulässigen Nettokreditaufnahme unter der Schuldenbremse dar. Diese Spielräume erhöhen sich insbesondere durch den Abbau der Rücklagen sowie durch sinkende Zinsausgaben. Zudem passt die Konjunkturkomponente den fiskalischen Spielraum symmetrisch an die konjunkturellen Gegebenheiten an und ermöglicht damit das uneingeschränkte Wirken der automatischen Stabilisatoren. Verbesserungen der Verfahren, die zu weniger revisionsanfälligen Schätzungen des Produktionspotenzials führen, können dabei helfen, die Spielräume durch die Konjunkturkomponente der Schuldenbremse verlässlicher zu bestimmen. Einschränkend wirken unter anderem die Tilgungszahlungen, die sich durch die Inanspruchnahme der Ausnahmeregelung ergeben. Die Autoren zeigen alternative Möglichkeiten für die Tilgungszahlungen auf, mit denen die Tilgungen zusammengefasst und konjunkturgerecht gestaltet werden können.
Lebenslanges Lernen als Standortfaktor?
Authors: Neumann Uwe 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In the process of occupational changes connected to digitisation, lifelong learning continues to gain in importance. Using microdata from the German microcensus for 2011 and 2016 the article finds that in North Rhine-Westphalia participation in adult education is significantly lower than in other Länder. Most importantly, it is less likely for workers in North Rhine-Westphalia to participate than for workers with a similar qualification and age in Southern and Northern Germany. Among the policy measures designed to meet the challenges of ongoing structural change, encouragement of participation in adult education is therefore a likely step.