bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Core Outcome Sets for Medium-Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency and Phenylketonuria
Authors: Pugliese Michael , Tingley Kylie , Chow Andrea , Pallone Nicole , Smith Maureen , Chakraborty Pranesh , Geraghty Michael T. , Irwin Julie K. , Mitchell John J. , Stockler Sylvia , Nicholls Stuart G. , Offringa Martin , Rahman Alvi , Tessier Laure A. , Butcher Nancy J. , Iverson Ryan , Lamoureux Monica , Clifford Tammy J. , Hutton Brian , Paik Karen , Tao Jessica , Skidmore Becky , Coyle Doug , Duddy Kathleen , Dyack Sarah , Greenberg Cheryl R. , Jain Ghai Shailly , Karp Natalya , Korngut Lawrence , Kronick Jonathan , MacKenzie Alex , MacKenzie Jennifer , Maranda Bruno , Potter Murray , Prasad Chitra , Schulze Andreas , Sparkes Rebecca , Taljaard Monica , Trakadis Yannis , Walia Jagdeep , Potter Beth K. 
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND
Evidence to guide treatment of pediatric medium-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency and phenylketonuria (PKU) is fragmented because of large variability in outcome selection and measurement. Our goal was to develop core outcome sets (COSs) for these diseases to facilitate meaningful future evidence generation and enhance the capacity to compare and synthesize findings across studies.

METHODS
Parents and/or caregivers, health professionals, and health policy advisors completed a Delphi survey and participated in a consensus workshop to select core outcomes from candidate lists of outcomes for MCAD deficiency and PKU. Delphi participants rated the importance of outcomes on a nine-point scale (1–3: not important, 4–6: important but not critical, 7–9: critical). Candidate outcomes were progressively narrowed down over 3 survey rounds. At the workshop, participants evaluated the remaining candidate outcomes using an adapted nominal technique, open discussion, and voting. After the workshop, we finalized the COSs and recommended measurement instruments for each outcome.

RESULTS
There were 85, 61, and 53 participants across 3 Delphi rounds, respectively. The candidate core outcome lists were narrowed down to 20 outcomes per disease to be discussed at the consensus workshop. Voting by 18 workshop participants led to COSs composed of 8 and 9 outcomes for MCAD deficiency and PKU, respectively, with measurement recommendations.

CONCLUSIONS
These are the first known pediatric COSs for MCAD deficiency and PKU. Adoption in future studies will help to ensure best use of limited research resources to ultimately improve care for children with these rare diseases.
La construcción de la normalidad sexual en Costa Rica entre 1930-1950
Authors: Jiménez Bolaños José Daniel 
Published: July 2021

Este artículo tiene por objetivo analizar los diferentes discursos - tanto médico/científicos, así como educativos y mediáticos - cuyo eje central era la normalidad sexual y, de esta forma, dilucidar algunos de los principales procesos históricos que le dieron forma a la heterosexualidad en Costa Rica entre las décadas de 1930-1950. Mediante una revisión de manuales, investigaciones y artículos periodísticos, se establece que la construcción de la normalidad sexual estuvo influenciada por los saberes sexológicos, psicoanalíticos e higienistas provenientes de Europa, y se caracterizó por su carácter inestable y precario. Asimismo, dicho proceso de construcción produjo la conformación de sus amenazas. Se concluye que la normalidad, además de su carácter disciplinario, también tuvo un papel importante en la conformación de subjetividades, al entrar paulatinamente en el imaginario de la cultura popular.
Effect of Sodium Hypochlorite in Ground Fluorotic Enamel: Shear Bond Strength and Surface Analysis
Authors: Roque-Márquez José Gilberto , Zavala-Alonso Norma Verónica , Patiño-Marín Nuria , Martínez-Castañón Gabriel Alejandro 
Published: July 2021

Evaluate the effect on the shear bond strength (SBS) of 5% NaOCl applied after acid etching on ground anterior teeth with fluorosis and analyze the surface with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), also compare fluorotic and healthy ground enamel by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Vickers microhardness (VM). For the SBS test 30 anterior teeth with moderate and severe fluorosis according Dean index were selected by an examiner previously calibrated with an expert in fluorosis by using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). With the help of a calibrated high speed diamond bur for veneer preparation and a parallel chamfer high speed diamond bur the vestibular face was prepared with a uniform reduction of .3 mm under water cooling. In one half of the vestibular face of the teeth the conventional adhesive procedure was carried out while in the other half was added an additional step with 5% NaOCl applied for 1 minute and washing after acid etchant. A resin post was adhered in each half and load was applied until fracture. The failure mode was evaluated and a SEM analysis was made. Posteriorly 10 samples of fluorotic and healthy ground enamel were used to measure the nanostructural characteristics by AFM (roughness average and absolute depth profile) and the VM in three operative steps (after ground, after etchant and after deproteinization). The Shapiro-Wilks and Brown-Forsythe methods were used to test the distribution of variables. The Paired Student's t-test was used to compare the differences between mean bond strength (MPa) in the two groups for SBS test. Chi-square analyzes were performed to compare the failure modes between groups. One-way ANOVA analysis and Tukey-Kramer post hoc test were used to compare groups for roughness average, absolute depth profile and Vickers microhardness. A greater SBS (32.17±4.20 MPa) and a surface more homogeneous and less contaminated were observed in the deproteinization subgruoup compared to the conventional subgroup (27.74±4.88 MPa). AFM parameters were greater in fluorosis subgroup than in healthy enamel subgroup. VM was lower in the fluorotic enamel in each operative step in comparation with healthy enamel. The use of 5% NaOCl as a deproteinizing agent after acid etchant in ground fluorotic enamel results in better adhesion, which may imply greater success in adhesive treatments. The ground surface of fluorotic enamel shows higher values of roughness and depth and lower values of VM which proves that there is a more irregular and less hard surface.
Aplicación de conocimientos docentes en contenido curricular, pedagogía y tecnología a través de herramientas audiovisuales
Authors: Yánez Corrales Angela Cristina , Moreano Barragan Elsie Paulina 
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: Desarrollar herramientas audiovisuales para el aprendizaje en base al modelo teórico TPACK (Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge): Conocimiento curricular, conocimiento pedagógico y conocimiento de la tecnología. Método: Consiste en la aplicación del modelo de integración TPACK donde se aplica las premisas Wicked, Creative y Package en la que los docentes son diseñadores de herramientas educativas basados en la resolución creativa de problemas de aprendizaje. Para la evaluación se utilizaron técnicas cualitativas o cuantitativas. Resultados: Se realizaron videos educativos considerando fases de preproducción, producción y de postproducción. La evaluación detalla resultados con parámetros establecidos en: atención, curiosidad, utilidad en repaso, estímulo a aprender, ayudar al entendimiento y el deseo de reutilizarlos. Además, se realiza seguimiento del uso que han tenido estos videos en YouTube durante cuatro años y se exponen estadísticas de esta red social. Conclusiones: Utilizar conocimientos docentes en contenido, pedagogía y tecnología, define una forma significativa y eficiente de enseñar con tecnología a través de videos educativos. Palabras clave: Tecnología de la educación, formación del profesorado, Elaboración de medios de enseñanza, Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC), Teoría de la educación.
Evaluación de las funciones que desempeña el profesorado en educación superior tecnológica
Authors: Gamino Carranza Arturo , Castro Ramírez Sandra Lucía , García Domínguez Mónica 
Published: July 2021

Motivación: La evaluación del desempeño docente está asociada a la opinión del estudiantado y escasamente las instituciones integran cuestionarios que evalúen la perspectiva de la autoridad. Objetivo: Evaluar las funciones que desempeña el profesorado del Tecnológico Nacional de México (TecNM). Metodología: Se realizó una investigación no experimental de corte cuantitativo y diseño transversal, donde las dimensiones de las funciones que desempeña el profesorado y sus indicadores asociados fueron definidos por un grupo de personas docentes del TecNM; el instrumento resultante fue de 15 ítems en 4 dimensiones que incluyeron las funciones que desempeña el profesorado en docencia, tutoría, investigación y vinculación, esto desde la perspectiva de las jefaturas de departamento académico sobre una escala Likert de 5 puntos. Resultados: La prueba del instrumento con 5,781 personas exhibió muy buenos índices de grado, de acuerdo con las personas jueces —Lawshe, V de Aiken y Osterlind— y con la confiabilidad alfa de Cronbach y omega de McDonald para las cuatro dimensiones. Esto implicó un riguroso proceso de revisión por un jurado experto y una alta consistencia interna del instrumento. Los resultados del análisis factorial exploratorio indicaron que no hubo factores irrelevantes del constructo, los ítems incluidos, considerados como fuertes, coincidieron con la dimensión asignada teóricamente. Los resultados del análisis factorial confirmatorio verificaron el ajuste global del modelo propuesto; todos los ítems tuvieron contribuciones significativas en sus dimensiones. Conclusiones: La utilización del instrumento tiene potencial para la medición del nivel de efectividad de las funciones que desempeña el profesorado de educación superior tecnológica.
Internet das Coisas e blockchain no Sistema Único de Saúde: a proteção dos dados sensíveis diante da Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados
Authors: Camara Maria Amália Arruda , Lins Gabriel Henrique Albuquerque , Oliveira Fábio Henrique Cavalcanti de , Camelo Evellyn Millene Alves , Medeiros Nataly Regina Fonseca Carvalho de 
Published: July 2021

Objective: Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS, in Portuguese) has invested in Internet of Things (IoT) technologies to collect data from patients. This article aims to point out the weaknesses regarding the privacy of users of the SUS and to propose a theoretical solution, yet to be evaluated, and based on a Personal Data Storages (PDS) infrastructure or on blockchain security. Methods: aA narrative review of national and international literature related to instruments, policies, and cases related to information and communication technologies in health was conducted to point out the weaknesses regarding the privacy of users of this system. Results: there is still a lack of transparency in the treatment of personal data and little accountability on the part of citizens, making it necessary to change the technological and governance strategy. Conclusion: PDS empowers users as it gives greater control and transparency over the treatment of data. However, this solution, in a system like the one used by their Computer Department, can compromise the accuracy of the data used in public policies, while it can compromise some citizens' rights, as this data is saved in records and the metadata is publicly available. The implementation of a solution like this does not yet have the prospect of an optimal result, without any methodological restriction on citizens' rights or the efficiency of the State, but it is a step in civil empowerment and an improvement required by law concerning privacy and protection of personal data. The implementation of the PDS does not yet have the prospect of an optimal result. There are still methodological restrictions regarding the rights of citizens or the efficiency of the State. But it is a step in civil empowerment and an improvement required by law in terms of privacy and the protection of personal data.
Alimentación y crecimiento de infantes de 0-1 años hijos de madres adolescentes de Dosquebradas, Colombia, año 2018
Authors: Gallego González Edwin Alejandro , López Gómez Natalia , Ospina Herrera Daniela , Quintero Chiquito Mariana , Orozco Restrepo Luz Angélica , Barrios Arroyave Freddy Andrés 
Published: July 2021

Objetivo El presente artículo pretende describir el crecimiento y alimentación de un grupo de niños hijos de madres adolescentes en el rango de edad de 0-2 años.
Metodología Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal, desarrollado a partir de la información recolectada por aplicación de dos instrumentos. La muestra fue determinada por muestreo no probabilístico a conveniencia, conformada por 100 infantes en el rango de edad de 0 a 2 años.
Resultados El 93% de los infantes recibieron lactancia materna por lo menos la primera semana
Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud bucal del adulto mayor rehabilitado con prótesis total
Authors: Agudelo Ramírez Alexandra , Giraldo Aristizábal María Fernanda , Ocampo López Alisson , Ossa Ospina Yenny Zuleima , Caballero Peña Katherin 
Published: July 2021

Objetivo Analizar la calidad de vida y la salud bucal de los adultos mayores entre 60 y 90 años rehabilitados con prótesis dental total uni o bimaxilar en consulta odontológica en la E.S.E. Hospital Santa Mónica, Dosquebradas-Risaralda en el 2018-1.
Metodología Estudio descriptivo transversal con componente analítico. Muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Se hizo revisión de historias clínicas, encuesta sociodemográfica y escala GOHAI. Se realizó análisis univariado con proporciones e intervalos de confianza, bivariado con prueba χ², multivariado con regresión logística múltiple.
Resultados La muestra fue de 34 personas con promedio de 69,53 años y DE+/- 7,07; 100% de los encuestados pertenecían al régimen subsidiado, 76% al estrato socioeconómico 1, 50% presentaron prótesis superior, 38,2% bimaxilar, 22,8 % inferior. La media del GOHAI fue de 43,5 puntos, es decir, calidad de vida buena. En la función física 26,5% refirió que sus prótesis siempre les impidieron hablar bien; función psicosocial 26,5% siempre estuvieron insatisfechos con la apariencia de sus dientes o prótesis; según la prueba χ² hubo significancia estadística con valor de p p<0.05 con el nivel de escolaridad, fecha de instalación de la prótesis, quitarse la prótesis para dormir, número de prótesis que ha tenido, sufrir hipertensión arterial, sufrir de enfermedades sistémicas, lesiones en la mucosa oral.
Conclusiones Se demuestra que la calidad de vida se ve reducida en aquellos adultos mayores con enfermedad sistémica, barreras de acceso a una rehabilitación oportuna y deficientes prácticas de higiene oral; lo que muestra el predominio de factores sociales susceptibles de ser modificados.
Necesidad de la ética de la investigación científica aun en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Barros Ortegón Arturo 
Published: July 2021

Desde que fue publicado por el Tribunal de Nuremberg en Alemania el llamado Código de Nuremberg el 27 de agosto de 1947 , fecha posterior a la finalización de los horrores de la segunda guerra mundial , en la cual médicos nazis practicaron experimentos inhumanos en prisioneros, ha cobrado cada vez más importancia y prioridad el tema de hacer ciencia con conciencia, es decir, tener en cuenta el imperativo ético de proteger a los sujetos que hacen parte de una investigación, proteger su vida , su bienestar , sus derechos.
Eliciting the Truth.Dedicated to the 85th Anniversary of Professor Eduard Germanovich Bykov
Authors: Atyakshin D. A. , Shishkina V. V. , Bykov S. E. , Antakova L. N. 
Published: July 2021

Eduard Germanovich Bykov, a famous Russian morphologist, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Honorary Professor of N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical Academy (VSMA), a founder and leader of Voronezh school of histochemistry would have been 85 years old on June 10, 2021. A key issue of his scientific activity was careful selection of sample preparation protocols for histochem ical analysis in order to increase objectivity of differential diagnosis ofbiopsy material in vivo in clinical practice and to solve urgent problems of pathomorphogenesis of the whole range of diseases. Novelty and perspectives of the conducted research allowed Eduard Germanovich to become a scientific supervisor and consultant of a large number of dissertationists who performed their research in alma mater and in universities of other cities of the USSR. From 1978 to 2008, Prof. Bykov was in charge of the Central Research Laboratory, N.N. Burdenko State Medical University, organizing work of laboratories as connecting elements between fundamental research and practical health care. Scientifically based methods of diagnosis, therapy and rehabilitation were developed an d implemented into practical healthcare in the Central ResearchInstitute. Eduard Germanovich created Voronezh Scientific School "Human Histochemistry. Clinical Histochemistry", which focused on preserving the vital chemical characteristics of the object of study. Prof. Bykov was repeatedly awarded with certificates of honor from the University Administration and the Government of Voronezh Region for achievements in research, teaching and social work. In April 2010 he was awarded by the Russian Federation of Cosmonautics with Academician M.V. Keldysh medal for a significant contribution to the development of Russian cosmonautics. In 2011 Professor Eduard Bykov was awarded the title of "Honorary Professor" of N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical Academy.
Anatomical Reasoning for Atraumatic Trocar Placement during Implantation of a Transobturator Suburethral Sling
Authors: Gaivoronskii I. V. , Kovalev G. V. , Shkarupa D. D. , Nichiporuk G. I. 
Published: July 2021

The aimof this research was to study the variant anatomy of the obturator complex in terms of surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence, as well as to determine the most atraumatic technique for conducting a surgical trocar for a transobturator suburethral sling.Material and methods.A suburethral sling was implanted on 40 sagittally dissected samples of the female pelvis with preserved soft tissues using two techniques: the conventional one based on the use of external landmarks and the technique of the trocar rotation around the lower branch of the pubic bone developed at the University Clinic of St. Petersburg. After implantation of a transobturator suburethral sling, the probability of injury to the branches of the obturator nerve was assessed by precision preparation for each of the presented techniques using 40 samples. It was also suggested to develop a protocol for atraumatic placement ofa sling for stress urinary incontinence.Results. Based on the results obtained and study of the topographic relationships of the trocar and branches of the obturator nerve, it is concluded that the obturator complex has significant anatomical variability. This relates to both the muscular component –the internal and external obturator muscles, and neurovascular structures. The obturator nerve has two types of branching: joint and separate. The latter is a risk factor for intraoperative nerve injury. The technique of suburethral sling implantation by rotating the surgical trocar around the inferior branch of the pubic bone is atraumatic and safe.Conclusions.Variant anatomy of the obturator complex influences the probability of trauma in a transobturator suburethral sling implantation. In particular, the separate branching of the obturator nerve is a risk factor for its intraoperative injury. Further clinical studies are required to assess the outcomes of surgical t reatment of stress urinary incontinence taking into account the variant anatomy of the true pelvis.
Morphometric Parameters of the Gallbladder in Children and Adolescents according to Intravital Imaging Findings
Authors: Chemezov S. V. , Lozinskii A. S. , Urbanskii A. K. 
Published: July 2021

The aimof the study is to establish age and gender patterns of morphometric parameters of the gallbladder in children and adolescents based on the findings of intravital imaging.Material and methods.The authors analyzed computed tomograms of the abdominal cavity of 75 children having no visible pathologies of the abdominal organs. The participants were divided into 4 agegroups: early childhood, first childhood, second childhood, adolescence. The diagnostic procedure was performed on 16-slice computed tomographs; a longitudinal size, a distance between the right and left walls, a distance between the anterior and posterior walls and a volume of the gallbladder were detected in the study. The data obtained were processed using variational and statistical methods,the mean value (M), standard error (m) and the significance of differences according to the Student's t-test were determined.Results.The longitudinal size of the gallbladder averaged 4.5±0.1 cm in the entire sample, 4.3±0.1 cm in girls, and 4.6±0.1 cm in boys; there was detected an increase from 3.7±0.2 cm in group 1 to 4.8±0.3 cm in group 4 (p=0.023). The transverse size of the gallbladder was 1.8 ± 0.1 cm, while in girls -1.8 ± 0.1 cm, and in boys - 1.7 ± 0.1 cm. The value of this parameter increased in all examined children from 1.3 ± 0.1 cm in group 1 to 2.1 ± 0.1 cm in group 4 (p = 0.001). In patients of all groups the average value of the distance between the anterior and posterior walls of the gallbladder was 2.8±0.1 cm. In girls this parameter was 2.8±0.1 cm, and in boys -2.9±0.1 cm. This parameter increased in all patients from 2.4±0.1 cm in group 1 to 3.4±0.1 cm in group 4 (p=0.001). The volume of the gallbladder constituted 13.6±0.8 cm3, in girls this parameter was 12.8±1.0 cm3, and in boys - 14.2±1.3 cm3. The volume of the gallbladder increased in all patients from 7.3±1.1 cm3 in group 1 to 19.4±1.9 cm 3 in group 4 (p=0.001).Conclusion.The most significant increase in most studied parameters (p≤0.05) was noted in children of the first childhood group compared with children of the early childhood group, and in adolescents co mpared with children from the second childhood group without differentiation by gender. A significant increase in the morphometric parameters of the gallbladder was determined mainly in boys of the first childhood group compared with children of the early childhood group and in adolescents compared with children of the second childhood group. In girls there was observed a tendency to a smooth increase in parameters from group to group; a significant increase was determined by the parameter “the distance between the anterior and posterior walls” in children of the second age group compared with children of the first age group (p=0.022). Most of the gallbladder morphometric parameters did not significantly differentiate in girls and boys of the same age group.
Asymptomatic Complete Occlusion of Extracranial Internal Carotid Artery: A Case Report
Authors: Kabak S. L. , Gaidel' I. K. , Mel'nichenko Yu. M. , Kalenchits T. I. 
Published: July 2021

This article reports on head-and-neck computed tomography angiography imaging findings and data of ultrasound examination of the extracranial carotid and vertebral arteries of 69-year-old patient with unilateral asymptomatic complete occlusion of extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) in combination with unusually elongated styloid processes of temporal bone. The aim of the study was to specify the collateral pathways blood supply to the brain and to assess the possible clinical significance of an abnormally elongated styloid pro cess. Adequate cerebral blood flow was provided by anastomoses between the arteries at the base of the brain. This can explain the asymptomatic unilateral complete occlusion of the extracranial ICA. Occlusion of the artery was not associated with the presence of a 5.5 cm styloid process. Computed tomography angiography is a highly informative method for visualizing the individual morphological variants to clarify their clinical significance.