bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A-162 Neuropsychiatric Elevations in Epilepsy Patients with and without Severe Memory Impairment
Authors: Strebler Pelin , Funk Brent 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
Severe memory impairment in epilepsy is associated with increased difficulties in daily living that extend beyond the limitations of having seizure disorder and create greater emotional burden. Accordingly, the current study explored psychopathological differences between epilepsy patients with and without severe memory impairment.

Method
This retrospective chart review study included 78 adults with epilepsy who underwentneuropsychological testing in a hospital setting. Most participants (78%) had temporallobe epilepsy. Study measures included Word Memory Test (WMT), cognitive measures, and self-report Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF). Genuine Memory Impairment Profile (GMIP) on the WMT was used as an indicator of severe memorydeficit.

Results
GMIP group had 30 participants and significantly higher number of males (Χ 2 (1) = 4.929, p = 0.03). Significantly lower performances in overall cognitive functioning and memory functioning were seenin the GMIP group. As expected, the GMIP group had increased mean scores across on all MMPI-2-RF higher order scales and majority of Specific Problem Scales, however only Substance Abuse Scale showed a statistically significant difference (t(76) = −1.96, p = 0.05).

Conclusions
Those with severe memory impairment showed a non-significant tendency to obtain higher scoreson most indices of psychopathology and a significantly higher elevation concerning substance abuseproblems. Those with severe memory decline may have increased risk for substance abuse problemsthat can be associated with reduced treatment effectiveness and provoke seizures due to either acuteneurotoxicity or withdrawal. Additional studies with larger samples are needed to characterizesubstance abuse problems in epilepsy patients with severe memory decline.
A-164 The Role of Working Memory in Reading Abilities
Authors: Arias Brittny , Goulart William , Gestido Samantha , Peart Zachary , Sydow D'anna , Golden Charles 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
To determine the extent to which memory can predict reading abilities after controlling for gender, age, and education.

Method
The participants were drawn from a de-identified adult clinical database. Two hierarchical multiple regressions (n = 246, Mage = 33.5, Medu = 13.8, 56% Caucasian, 58% Female) tested the ability of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV) Working Memory Index (WMI) Score, and the Weschler Memory Scale Fourth Edition (WMS-IV) Visual Working Memory Index (VWMI) Score to predict reading abilities on the Nelson Denny Reading Test (NDRT) Vocabulary and Comprehension Standard Scores after controlling for the effects of gender, age, and education.

Results
In both regressions, gender, age, and education were entered in step 1 and WMI and VWMI were entered in step 2. In analysis of Vocabulary, step 1 explained 8% of variance; after step 2 the model explained 21% of variance F (5, 240) =12.98, p &lt; 0.001. WMI and VWMI scores explained 12% of variance after control variables, In analysis of Comprehension, step 1 accounted for 0.3% of variance; after step 2, the model explained 12% of the variance F (5, 240) = 6.54, p &lt; 0.001.

Conclusion
WMI and VWMI contributed unique variance to Vocabulary (12%) and Comprehension (12%). This suggests that memory is an important predictor of reading abilities. Additionally, education becomes a significant factor when predicting Comprehension. This may suggest that education may mediate the relationship between memory and reading abilities. The results indicate the vital role memory plays to carry out processing and storage functions while reading.
A-177 Classification Statistics of the Clinical Assessment of Attention Deficit – Adult (CAT-A) Negative Impression Scale for ADHD Evaluations in an Active Duty Sample
Authors: Grills Chad , Cooper Douglas B , Yamashita Jennifer M , Armistead-Jehle Patrick 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the classification statistics of the Clinical Assessment of Attention Deficit – Adult (CAT-A) Negative Impression (NI) scale, relative to the MMPI-2-RF in an active duty military sample. We hypothesized that MMPI-2-RF RBS would have the largest AUC.

Method
Retrospective review of 108 active duty service members consecutively referred to neuropsychology for clinical ADHD evaluations in a Midwest Army Health Center. Cases with missing data (10) and failures of MMPI-2-RF response consistency scales (3) were removed from analysis, resulting in final sample of 95. Average age was 32.62 (SD = 8.87) and average education was 14.66 (SD = 2.66). MMPI-2-RF symptom validity scales (F-r, Fp-r, Fs, FBS-r, and RBS) were employed as criterion measures at all standard cut-offs to evaluate the CAT-A NI scale.

Results
ROC analyses for the MMPI-2-RF over-reporting symptom validity scales ranged from 0.599 to 0.808, with the MMPI-2-RF RBS scale &gt;79 demonstrating the lowest AUC (0.599; p 52. With specificity held at or above 0.90, sensitivities ranged from 22.86 to 60.00, with positive and negative predictive values ranging from 11.1 to 58.8 and 66.7 to 98.8, respectively.

Conclusions
The CAT-A NI scale demonstrated reasonable AUC values for nearly all MMPI-2-RF over-reporting scales. Psychologically-based over-reporting scales were superior to cognitively-based over-reporting scales in terms of classification statistics. The optimal cut in the current data (&gt;52) is slightly higher (though roughly commensurate) to the cut score for atypical responses in the CAT-A manual (&gt;45).
A-2 Mean Arterial Pressure Effects on Hippocampal Volume by Alzheimer’s Disease Risk
Authors: Sarles-Whittlesey Heidi , Sweet Lawrence 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
Extant literature demonstrates increased risk of Alzheimer’s Disease (ad) and hippocampal degeneration with hypertension. Less is known about blood pressure (BP) and APOE4 effects, and their interaction on hippocampal volume. We hypothesized that the effects of elevated mean arterial pressure (MAP) on hippocampal volume would be stronger among those with at least one APOE4 allele. We further hypothesized that MAP effects would be stronger in an ad group than either mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or control groups, and stronger in MCI than controls.

Methods
Participants (N = 965; 46.4% female; 92.9% White; 56.7% MCI, 18.3% ad) were selected from the ad Neuroimaging Initiative database. Inclusion criteria: complete demographics, diagnostic evaluation, APOE genotyping (46.6.% APOE4 positive), BP measurements (mean MAP = 94.55mmg3 (SD = 10.41)), and MRI. Hippocampal volume was quantified using FreeSurfer 5.3 (bilateral mean = 6844.51 mm3 (SD = 1191.68)). The sample age was 72.84 (SD = 7.55) with 16.02 (SD = 2.77) years of education on average.

Results
Although MAP and APOE4 each significantly accounted for variance in bilateral and each hippocampal volume using a hierarchical multiple quadratic regression, the interaction of MAP and APOE4 did not (see Table). Similarly, while MAP and diagnostic group were each found to significantly account for variance in hippocampal volumes, their interactions did not.

Conclusions
Results are consistent with previous findings that higher BP negatively impacts hippocampal volume. However, interaction hypotheses were not supported. Therefore, APOE4 and MAP may represent independent mechanisms in ad pathology. However, antihypertensive medication effects, which may mitigate hippocampal atrophy, were not assessed. Future investigations might control medication effects and investigate homogenous versus heterogeneous APOE variants.
A-182 Development of a PTSD-Specific Embedded Validity Measure in the Personality Assessment Inventory
Authors: Myers Melissa A , Basu Natasha , Harrell Murphy N , Pizer Jasmin H , Hawley Nanako A , Aita Stephen L , Calamia Matthew , Hill Benjamin D 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective/Background
The present study investigated the feasibility of developing a PTSD-specific malingering scale embedded within the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI).

Methods
Participants consisted of 489 individuals [mean age = 20.0 (SD = 3.29); 71% female; 73.0% Caucasian, 17.6% African American, 3.5%, 9.4% Other] who completed PAI. 274 individuals were in the control group and instructed to answer normally while 215 were instructed to simulate PTSD with intent to successfully feign PTSD in the context of a legal case. The following were identified as candidate PAI subscales for logistic regression to identify feigned PTSD: ARD-T, BOR-A, SCZ-T, ANX-P, and DEP-P.

Results
Logistic regression analysis was performed with known group as the dependent variable and PAI subtest normed T-scores as predictor variables. The final full model of five predictor variables significantly predicted group status (χ2 = 384.9, df = 5, N = 489, p &lt; 0.001). The model accounted for 54.5% to 73.0% of the variance (Cox and Snell R2 = 0.545; Nagelkerke R2 = 0.730) in performance classification with overall 89.4% of individuals correctly predicted to their known group. At a cut value of 0.65 the specificity was 94.9%, and the sensitivity was 82.3%. Within the model, the following variables were incrementally predictive of group membership: ARD-T (B = 0.05, p &lt; 0.001), BOR-A (B = 0.04, p &lt; 0.05), and ANX-P (B = 0.04, p &lt; 0.05).

Conclusions
Preliminary evidence for use of an embedded PAI malingering scale within the PAI was found. Further replication is needed in clinical populations prior to use in practice.
A-188 Starting Well: Creating Training Opportunities for Graduate Students Interested in Neuropsychological Assessment
Authors: Safi Diomaris , Miranda Albert , Sylva David M 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
Practicum experiences are critical to internship readiness. While established guidelines for practicum training in clinical neuropsychology exist, the application of such guidelines across training sites has received little attention. The objective of this study is to compare practicum training models across different sites.

Methods
We surveyed training supervisors regarding the cost and benefit of training practicum students in their setting.

Results
Despite wide variability across settings, results indicated that on average, practicum sites spent around 6 hours per week in direct active training and onboarding during the first 1–3 months of the training year. After 3–4 months, the hours spent on supervision decreased to about 1–2 hours of individual supervision and 1–2 hours of group supervision per week. By the 8th month, each practicum student provided the clinic with approximately 36 hours of direct service (considered an administrative benefit to the clinic).

Conclusion
Training practicum students is a labor of love, with overall net administrative benefits to the clinic. An advantage was seen in settings with multiple trainees, trainees at multiple levels, and tiered supervision models with access to diverse didactic experiences.
A-190 An Examination of the Equivalence of the in-Person and Remote Administration of the Feifer Assessment of Reading Screening Form
Authors: Morera Carrie Champ , Carrillo Alicia , Feifer Steven G 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
As psychologists rely more on technology while navigating the digital world, we must adapt existing assessment tools. In response to this need, a process was designed for conducting remote administration of the Feifer Assessment of Reading Screening Form (FAR Screening Form; Feifer, 2015), which was designed to identify children “at risk” for developmental dyslexia. Our current study evaluates the equivalence between remote, online administration and in-person administration of the FAR Screening Form.

Method
This is a paired case control study in which 70 participants were administered the FAR Screening Form in an online, remote format, following a specific procedure to retain the validity of scores. These individuals were matched based on age, sex, education, and race with participants from the standardization sample of the FAR Screening Form.

Results
Independent-samples t-tests were conducted, and determined no significant effect of administration format for scores on the Phonemic Awareness (PA) and Semantic Concepts (SC) subtests, as well as the overall FAR Screening Index. Rapid Automatic Naming (RAN), a speeded subtest, showed a significant effect for administration format. Due to this effect, a new FAR Remote Screening Index (SRI) was created that includes only the PA and SC subtests. The SRI has demonstrated reliability and validity consistent with the FAR Screening Index.

Conclusions
The present study suggests that remote and in-person administrations of the PA and SC subtests of the FAR Screening Form are generally equivalent. During remote administration, it’s not recommended to use the RAN subtest; the SRI should be used to derive the screening index score.
A-196 The Texas Postconcussion Symptom Inventory (TPSI): An Exploratory Factor Analysis and Reliability Analysis
Authors: Longoria Anthony J , Mokhtari Ben K , Meredith-Duliba Tawny , Hershberger Mary A , Champagne Patricia , Hart John , Cullum Munro , LoBue Christian 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
Self-report scales are commonly used to evaluate non-specific symptoms following concussion. While several scales have been developed, few were created using a systematic process and most contain several ambiguous items that may be misinterpreted. To address this, a new theoretically-based, multidimensional measure was designed to assess Cognitive, Neuropsychiatric, and Somatic symptoms associated with concussion. This study used sophisticated psychometric techniques to develop the Texas Postconcussion Symptom Inventory (TPSI) and establish initial reliability and validity.

Method
Because concussion symptoms are non-specific, a pool of 76 potential items was developed and administered to a diverse clinical sample (N = 350) that included patients with concussion, epilepsy, and dementia. Polychoric correlations were utilized to remove items based on poor fit/multicollinearity and an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with an Oblimin rotation was used to determine factor structure.

Results
A three-factor model best fit the data, and represented Cognitive, Neuropsychiatric, and Somatic domains as designed. Ten items were discarded, resulting in a total of 66 items. The model explained 48.5% of the total variance and contained adequate sampling (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure =0.92) and sufficient item correlations (Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity, p &lt; 0.05) for EFA. All three factor structures displayed high internal consistency (Cronbach’s α &gt; 0.88).

Conclusions
The TPSI is a brief, multidimensional measure with evidence of strong internal consistency and reliability as well as distinct Cognitive, Neuropsychiatric, and Somatic symptoms associated with concussion. Future research will investigate its convergent and divergent validity in concussion as compared to existing popular symptom measures.
A-7 Discriminating between Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease on the MoCA
Authors: McDonald Taylor , Marker Craig D , Ratcliffe Lauren 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a suitable, sensitive, and specific cognitive screener for detecting mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Previous research has found markers to discriminate between MCI and Alzheimer’s disease (ad) on MoCA subtest scores. Specifically, impaired performance on the clock drawing (i.e., number and hand placement), rhino naming, serial 7’s, word recall, and orientation were suggestive of ad. The aim of the present study is to assess for discrimination patterns in MoCA performance between MCI and ad.Method: Data was collected through the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC). A sample of MCI (n = 1143; 51% female, 82% White, 15% Black, 3% Asian/Pacific Islander) and ad groups (n = 1339; 56% female, 89% White, 9% Black, 2% Asian/Pacific Islander) were examined.

Results
An initial independent t-test revealed a statistically significant difference in MoCA scores for MCI (M = 22.01, SD = 3.49) and ad (M = 14.46, SD = 6.05; t(2480) = 38.72, p = 0.000, Cohen’s d = 1.53). Additional t-tests were performed to compare MoCA subtest scores and domain scores for diagnostic groups. There was a statistically significant difference for MCI and ad groups across all MoCA subtests and domains. Despite no discrimination in profiles noted on t-tests, further examination using normal distribution revealed worse performance on trails, clock hands, serial 7’s, repetition, fluency, date, and place in ad groups.

Conclusions
Consistent with previous findings, clock hands, serial 7’s, and orientation were able to discriminate between ad and MCI. This study found further discrimination in trails, repetition, and fluency. These findings may allow for clinicians to use these patterns of performance as early cognitive markers of impairment.
A-9 Examining Neural Variability during Dual-Task Walking and Cortical Thickness in Older Adults
Authors: Ross Daliah , Wagshul Mark E , Izzetoglu Meltem , Holtzer Roee 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
Greater intraindividual variability (IIV) in behavioral and cognitive performance is a risk factor for adverse outcomes but research concerning IIV in neural signal is scarce. Using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), we showed that IIV in oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2) levels in the prefrontal cortex increased from single task (Single-Task-Walk–STW; Single-Task-Alpha–STA) to Dual-Task-Walk (DTW) conditions in older adults. Herein, we predicted that, consistent with the neural inefficiency hypothesis, reduced cortical thickness would be associated with greater increases in IIV in fNIRS-derived HbO2 from single tasks to DTW when adjusting for behavioral performance.

Method
Participants were right-handed older adults without dementia recruited from the community (N = 55; M(SD) age = 74.84(4.97); %female = 49.1). Neuroimaging included fNIRS for HbO2 levels in the prefrontal cortex during tasks and MRI for cortical thickness. IIV was operationalized using the SD of fNIRS-derived HbO2 observations assessed during a 30-s interval in each experimental condition.

Results
Moderation analyses, assessed through linear mixed effects models, revealed that in several frontal (p &lt; 0.02), parietal (p &lt; 0.02), temporal (p &lt; 0.01), and occipital (p &lt; 0.01) regions, thinner cortex was associated with greater increases in HbO2 IIV from the single tasks to DTW.

Conclusion
Reduced cortical thickness was associated with inefficient increases in IIV in fNIRS-derived HbO2 from single tasks to dual-task walking. Worse IIV in gait performance under DTW predicts adverse mobility outcomes. Reduced cortical thickness and worse IIV of fNIRS-derived HbO2 during DTW are possible brain mechanisms that explain the risk of developing mobility impairments in aging and disease populations.
A-11 Investigating Gene–Gene Interactions by Cognitive Domain in Healthy Older Adults
Authors: Pizzonia Kendra L , Bryant Andrew M , Clark Leatha A , Clark Brian C , Suhr Julie A 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
ApoE is a well-known gene carrying risk for Alzheimer’s disease and is associated with memory performance while the COMT gene is associated with executive functioning but is understudied. The present study investigated these gene interactions across cognitive domains.

Method
A larger study on gait and aging recruited 89 healthy community-dwelling adults over the age of 60. The primary analyses included 82 participants (67% female, mean age = 74.61, SD = 6.71). The analyses on executive functioning included 72 participants (65% female, mean age = 73.02, SD = 4.99) who completed all measures of interest. ApoE status was defined as presence/absence of Ɛ4. The rs4680 gene on the COMT allele was classified into Val/Met, Val/Val, and Met/Met genotypes. Biological sex was included as a binary term (i.e., male/female). Index variables and age corrected standard scores on the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status, verbal fluency, and Trail Making Test were included.

Results
Gene–gene interactions were found for overall cognitive functioning, immediate memory, and semantic fluency. There were main effects of sex for overall cognitive functioning, immediate memory, delayed memory, and semantic fluency. There were main effects for COMT for delayed memory and a main effect for both COMT and ApoE for visuospatial functioning, coding, and verbal fluency (all p’s &lt; 0.05). There were no ApoE x COMT x Sex interactions and Trail Making Test B was not related to either gene or sex.

Conclusion(s)
Our findings suggest that both COMT and ApoE (and their interaction) influence cognition. Future research should investigate gene–gene interactions in larger samples with more comprehensive cognitive batteries.
A-12 Relationships between Performance on the Virtual Environment Grocery Store and Adaptive Functioning among Older Adults
Authors: Hardesty Danielle R , Chek Carmen , Persin Michael , Barr Emma , Sasser Hannah , Glover Trisha , Coldiron Allyson , Parsons Thomas D , Barnett Michael D 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background/Problem
Neuropsychologists are often asked to evaluate patients’ functional capacities, yet traditional neuropsychological tests have limited correspondence with real-world outcomes. The Virtual Environment Grocery store (VEGS) is a virtual environment that stimulates shopping tasks. Previous research has found support for the construct validity of the VEGS among older adults (Parsons & Barnett, 2017); however, no extant research has examined relationships between the VEGS and adaptive functioning among older adults.

Method
Older adults (n = 30; age 43–90 M = 77.09, SD = 12.94) were administered the Virtual Reality Grocery Store (VEGS) and the Texas Functional Living Scale (TFLS) and completed the Instruments of Daily Activities (IADLS) Questionnaire.

Results
VEGS variables explained 39.6% of the variance in self-reported adaptive functioning (I, e., the IADLS) and 60.0% of the variance in performance-based adaptive functioning (i.e., the TFLS).

Conclusion
These results suggest that the VEGS is a predictor of adaptive functioning – particularly when measured with a performance-based measure – among older adults.