bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive pain management as a frontline treatment to address the opioid crisis
Authors: Hobelmann Joseph Gregory , Huhn Andrew S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackground: The opioid crisis continues to devastate individuals and communities in the United States and abroad. While there have been several measures to address the over‐prescription of opioid analgesics, the number of overdose deaths related to prescription opioids has not changed appreciably in the last 10 years. Comprehensive (or multidisciplinary) pain recovery programs consist of providers from multiple backgrounds that treat pain on an individual level through a combination of approaches including physical therapy, emotional and spiritual support, cognitive behavioral therapy, and non‐opioid pharmacotherapies. Because there is a dynamic interplay between a given chronic pain patient and multiple providers, comprehensive pain programs are not as “standardized” as other medical treatments because they are meant to meet the individual needs of each patient and their specific pain diagnosesMethods: Review of the literature.Results: There is evidence that comprehensive pain treatment can reduce pain severity and improve functioning; comprehensive pain treatment can be used to treat those with post‐surgical pain, thus preventing the onset of non‐medical opioid use and opioid use disorder, and in persons with chronic pain who are on long‐term opioid therapy, as a method to reduce or eliminate opioid medication use. Comprehensive pain recovery programs were abundant for a period from the 1960s through the 1980s, but for a variety of reasons, they became financially unsustainable as the national reimbursement environment evolved.Conclusions: In the context of the protracted and deadly opioid crisis, revitalizing and expanding comprehensive pain treatment should be considered as a frontline approach to treat chronic pain.
Apoptosis and its therapeutic implications in neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Erekat Nour S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNeurodegenerative disorders are characterized by progressive loss of particular populations of neurons. Apoptosis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson disease, Alzheimer disease, Huntington disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In this review, we focus on the existing notions relevant to comprehending the apoptotic death process, including the morphological features, mediators and regulators of cellular apoptosis. We also highlight the evidence of neuronal apoptotic death in Parkinson disease, Alzheimer disease, Huntington disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Additionally, we present evidence of potential therapeutic agents that could modify the apoptotic pathway in the aforementioned neurodegenerative diseases and delay disease progression. Finally, we review the clinical trials that were conducted to evaluate the use of anti‐apoptotic drugs in the treatment of the aforementioned neurodegenerative diseases, in order to highlight the essential need for early detection and intervention of neurodegenerative diseases in humans.
Severe infections in patients with lymphoproliferative diseases treated with new targeted drugs: A multicentric real‐world study
Authors: Stefania Infante Maria , Fernández‐Cruz Ana , Núñez Lucia , Carpio Cecilia , Jiménez‐Ubieto Ana , López‐Jiménez Javier , Vásquez Lourdes , Del Campo Raquel , Romero Samuel , Alonso Carmen , Morillo Daniel , Prat Margarita , Luis Plana José , Villafuerte Paola , Bastidas Gabriela , Bocanegra Ana , Serna Ángel , De Nicolás Rodrigo , Marquet Juan , Mas‐Ochoa Carmen , Cordoba Raúl , García‐Suárez Julio , Comai Alessandra , Martín Xavier , Bastos‐Oreiro Mariana , Seri Cristina , Navarro‐Matilla Belén , López‐Guillermo Armando , Martínez‐López Joaquín , Ángel Hernández‐Rivas José , Ruiz‐Camps Isabel , Grande Carlos ,   Grupo Español de Linfomas y Trasplante Autólogo de Medula Ósea (GELTAMO)
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundLymphoid neoplasms treatment has recently been renewed to increase antitumor efficacy and conventional chemotherapies toxicities. Limited data have been published about the infection risk associated with these new drugs, therefore this study analyzes the infectious complications in patients with lymphoproliferative diseases (LPD) treated with monoclonal antibodies (obinutuzumab, ofatumumab, brentuximab, nivolumab, or pembrolizumab), BTK inhibitors (ibrutinib and acalabrutinib), PI3K inhibitors (idelalisib) and BCL2 inhibitors (venetoclax).MethodsMulticenter retrospective study of 458 LPD patients treated with targeted therapies in real‐life setting, in 18 Spanish institutions, from the time of their commercial availability to August 2020.ResultsSevere infections incidence was 23% during 17‐month median follow‐up; cumulative incidence was higher in the first 3–6 months of targeted drug treatment and then decreased. The most frequent etiology was bacterial (54%). Nine (6%) Invasive fungal infections (IFI) were observed, in its majority in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients treated predominantly with ibrutinib. Significant risk factors for severe infection were: severe lymphopenia (p = 0.009, OR 4.7, range 1.3–1.7), combined targeted treatment vs single agent treatment (p = 0.014 OR 2.2 range 1.1–4.2) and previous rituximab (p = 0.03 OR 1.8, range 1.05–3.3). Infection‐related mortality was 6%. In 22% of patients with severe infections, definitive discontinuation of the targeted drug was observed.ConclusionA high proportion of patients presented severe infections during follow‐up, with non‐negligible attributable mortality, but infection incidence is not superior to the one observed during the chemotherapy era. In selected cases with specific risk factors for infection, antimicrobial prophylaxis should be considered.
Asymptomatic endobronchial tuberculosis represented as a solitary airway stenosis without tree‐in‐bud appearance on computed tomography
Authors: Toyoshima Hirokazu , Tanigawa Motoaki 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBronchoscopy is a crucial tool for diagnosing endobronchial tuberculosis in patients with airway stenosis. Early diagnosis and treatment may reduce airway sequelae and prevent the spread of infection.
Tolerance of fine fescues to indaziflam formulations in minimal‐to‐no mow golf course rough
Authors: Braun Ross C. , Patton Aaron J. , Reiter Maggie , Elmore Matthew T. , Tuck Daniel P. 
Published: September 2021

Core Ideas
Indaziflam sprays at 0.044 lb a.i. acre−1 reduced cover by 38–42% compared to the nontreated.
Less indaziflam injury occurred following granular applications than liquid spray formulations.
Plots thinned from indaziflam injury provided better golfer playability ratings.
Indaziflam use in fine fescue roughs should be limited to sites where thinning is tolerable.
Phosphorus and Potassium in Aggregates of Degraded Soils: Changes Caused by Biochar Application
Authors: Fonseca Aymbiré Angeletti da , Santos Danilo Andrade , Moura‐Junior Celcino Dias , Passos Renato Ribeiro , Rangel Otacílio José Passos 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe low capacity of degraded soils to provide phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) to plants makes cultivation unviable in these areas. Biochar can increase nutrients availability and improve the physical conditions of soil to maintain their availability over time, including within soil macroaggregates, where P and K are less susceptible to losses. The aim of this study is to understand, how biochar application can change P and K availability in aggregates of degraded soils. The experiment is carried out under controlled conditions following the factorial scheme 2 × 3 × 5 × 2 + 4, corresponding to two classes of soil, three biochars produced from different raw materials (including stems of elephant grass, EGB, and two types of agricultural wastes: eucalypt stalks, ESB, and sugarcane bagasse, SBB), five rates of biochar, two times and four control treatments. At the end of each time, soil aggregates are divided into two classes by size (macroaggregates and microaggregates) and then P and K availability are measured. The results show that biochar can be a powerful tool to increase P and K availability in soil aggregates. EGB is the most efficient biochar to increase P and K availability, followed by SBB and ESB biochars.
A new metaheuristic‐based method for solving the virtual machines migration problem in the green cloud computing
Authors: Xu Yanfei , Abnoosian Karlo 
Published: September 2021

SummaryCloud computing (CC) provides dynamic hiring of server abilities as scalable virtualized services to end‐users. However, data center hosting wastes massive amounts of energy resulting in high operational costs and carbon footprints. Also, virtualization is one of CC's main features, and physical resources are delivered by virtual machine (VM). Therefore, in the present article, a new method is provided to improve the VM energy consumption and execution time in the VM migration problem using a hybrid optimization algorithm. Since this issue is one of the famous NP‐hard problems, a method is proposed in this article works based on genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The hybrid algorithm uses a GA to dominate PSO algorithms' constraints, such as weak convergence and stymie in global optima. The CloudSim simulator is employed to show the efficiency of the method compared to others. Using this method will keep the proficiency and power performance of the data centers at the same level. The results showed that energy consumption in the proposed method is better than the other three methods and has been improved by an average of 23.19%. Also, the results showed that execution time is better than the other three methods and has been improved by an average of 29.01%.
Nucleic Acids under Stress: Understanding and Simulating Nucleobase Fragmentation Pathways
Authors: Semmeq Abderrahmane , Badawi Michael , Dziurla Marie‐Antoinette , Ouaskit Said , Monari Antonio 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe effects of radiations on nucleic acids and their constituents is widely studied across several research fields using different experimental and theoretical protocols. While a large number of studies were performed in this context, many fundamental physical and chemical effects are still being investigated, particularly involving the effect of the biological environment. As an example, the interpretation of experimental nucleic acid bases mass spectra, and hence inferring their reactivity in complex environment still poses great challenge. This Minireview summarizes recent theoretical advancements aiming to predict and interpret the reactivity of nucleic acid bases. We focus not only on the understanding of the inherent fragmentation pathways of isolated nucleobases but also on the modeling of a realistic nano‐environments highlighting the importance of molecular dynamics simulations and the non‐innocent role of the environment and also the possibility to open novel fragmentation pathways.
Efficient CO2 Electroreduction via Au‐Complex Derived Carbon Nanotube Supported Au Nanoclusters
Authors: Sun Kun , Shi Yaoxuan , Li Huiyi , Shan Jingjing , Sun Chengyue , Wu Zhen‐yu , Ji Yujin , Wang Zhijiang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe production of value‐added chemicals from CO2 electroreduction, using renewable energy, provides an appealing route to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality. Challenges remain in designing and understanding of high‐performance catalysts with restructuring behavior under electrochemical conditions. Here, the intrinsic performance enhancement of an Au‐complex derived carbon nanotube‐supported Au nanoclusters catalyst was demonstrated for CO2 reduction. This catalyst exhibited impressive activity for yielding CO in both H‐cell and flow cell reactors. Experimental results revealed that the synthesis procedure via metal complex reconstructing on proper support induced charge transfer between Au nanoclusters and carbon nanotubes, forming a rather electron‐rich state for Au active sites, which greatly contributed to the CO2 activation pathway.
Evolution of inwardly rectifying potassium channels and their gene expression in zebrafish embryos
Authors: Silic Martin R. , Murata Sarah Haruka , Park Sung Jun , Zhang GuangJun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundInwardly rectifying potassium channels are essential for normal potassium homeostasis, maintaining the cellular resting membrane potential, and regulating electrolyte transportation. Mutations in Kir channels have been known to cause debilitating diseases ranging from neurological abnormalities to renal and cardiac failures. Many efforts have been made to understand their protein structures, physiological functions, and pharmacological modifiers. However, their expression and functions during embryonic development remain largely unknown.ResultsUsing zebrafish as a model, we identified and renamed 31 kir genes. We also analyzed Kir gene evolution by phylogenetic and syntenic analyses. Our data indicated that the four subtypes of the Kir genes might have already evolved out in chordates. These vertebrate Kir genes most likely resulted from both whole‐genome duplications and tandem duplications. In addition, we examined zebrafish kir gene expression during early embryogenesis. Each subgroup's genes showed similar but distinct gene expression domains. The gene expression of ohnologous genes from teleost‐specific whole‐genome duplication indicated subfunctionalization. Varied temporal gene expression domains suggest that Kir channels may be needed for embryonic patterning or regulation.ConclusionsOur phylogenetic and developmental analyses of Kir channels shed light on their evolutionary history and potential functions during embryogenesis related to congenital diseases and human channelopathies.
Emotion dysregulation across the span of eating disorder symptoms: Findings from a community sample of adolescents
Authors: Trompeter Nora , Bussey Kay , Forbes Miriam K. , Mond Jonathan , Hay Phillipa , Cunningham Mitchell L. , Mitchison Deborah 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveEmotion dysregulation is proposed as a key factor within eating disorder pathology. However, less is known about specific emotion regulation difficulties experienced by adolescents with varying levels of eating disorders symptoms. The present study examined the relationship between eating disorder behaviors and specific facets of emotion dysregulation, and differences in emotion dysregulation between eating disorder diagnostic groups.MethodParticipants were 2,783 adolescents, 11–19 years (M = 14 years, 9 months, SD = 1 year, 6 months), who completed self‐report measures as part of the EveryBODY study. Adolescents were identified as not having eating disorder symptoms (n = 2,122) or meeting diagnostic criteria for symptoms of specific eating disorder, including: anorexia nervosa or atypical anorexia nervosa (n = 57), bulimia nervosa (n = 136), binge‐eating disorder (n = 57), other specified feeding or eating disorder characterized by binge eating or purging (n = 381), and unspecified feeding or eating disorder (n = 30).ResultsBinge eating, driven exercise, and fasting were each uniquely associated with emotion dysregulation, whereas purging was not. Similar findings were obtained within specific domains of emotion dysregulation. Findings from diagnostic groups showed a significant main effect of diagnosis on overall emotion dysregulation and most domains of emotion dysregulation. Adolescents with eating disorder symptoms consistently reported higher emotion dysregulation compared to those without these symptoms.DiscussionFindings indicate that emotion dysregulation is a key factor across eating disorder pathology, and potential treatment target across the spectrum of eating disorder diagnoses in adolescents.
Development of a high‐sensitivity VNA‐FMR spectrometer with field modulation detection and its application to magnetic characterization
Authors: Tamaru Shingo , Yamamoto Tatsuya , Onuma Tomoyuki , Kikuchi Nobuaki , Okamoto Satoshi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe have developed a vector network analyzer ferromagnetic resonance (VNA‐FMR) spectrometer with field modulation detection. This system provides broadband coverage and very high sensitivity to resolve the FMR signal on a ultra‐thin (∼ 1 nm thick) magnetic film. This paper first presents the detail of the VNA‐FMR spectrometer built in this work, including its operation principle and design guideline, and second various magnetic properties obtained by the VNA‐FMR measurement results.
Biomimetic assembly to superplastic metal–organic framework aerogels for hydrogen evolution from seawater electrolysis
Authors: Sun Yuntong , Xu Shuaishuai , Ortíz‐Ledón César A , Zhu Junwu , Chen Sheng , Duan Jingjing 
Published: September 2021

AbstractApplications for metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) demand their assembly into three‐dimensional (3D) macroscopic architectures. The capability of sustaining structural integrity with considerable deformation is important to allow a monolithic material to work reliably. Nevertheless, it remains a significant challenge to introduce superplasticity in 3D MOF networks. Here, we report a general procedure for synthesizing 3D superplastic MOF aerogels inspired by the hierarchical architecture of natural corks. The resultant MOFs exhibited excellent superplasticity that can recover fully and rapidly to its original dimension after 50% strain compression and unloading for >2000 cycles. The 3D superplastic architecture is achieved by successively assembling one‐dimensional (1D) to two‐dimensional (2D) and then 3D, in a variety of MOFs with different transition metal active sites (Co‐, NiMn‐, NiCo‐, NiCoMn‐) and organic ligands (2‐thiophenecarboxylic acid and glutaric acid). Latent applications have been demonstrated for NiMn‐MOF aerogels to serve as a new generation of flexible electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) from seawater splitting, which requires a low overpotential of 243 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA·cm−2. Notably, the electrocatalyst remains stable even being deformed, as the overpotential to achieve a current density of 10 mA·cm−2 increases slightly to 270, 264, and 258 mV after one‐, two‐, and threefold, respectively. In great contrast, traditional MOF powder‐electrodes demonstrate significant activity decay under similar conditions. This work opens up enormous opportunities for exploring new applications of MOFs in a freestanding, structurally adaptive, and macroscopic form.
Dietary supplementation with black raspberries prolongs survival in ApcMin/+ mice
Authors: Dong Athena , Huang Yi‐Wen , Yearsley Martha , Oshima Kiyoko , Chen Xiao , Yu Jianhua , Wang Li‐Shu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA diet supplemented with freeze‐dried black raspberries (BRBs) has been demonstrated to modulate various biochemical and physiological pathways in both colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and ApcMin/+ mice, which are utilized to model CRC. These changes have been previously shown to exert beneficial chemopreventive effects against CRC, with outcomes such as reduction of adenoma development and inflammation. This study aimed to assess whether these effects manifest in a meaningful change in survival rates by comparing these rates between ApcMin/+ mice administered a 5% BRB‐supplemented diet or a control AIN‐76A diet. Percent survival over days elapsed was assessed in order to determine a median length of survival for each group of mice. Significant increases in survival rates with consumption of the BRB diet versus the control diet were demonstrated in both male and female mouse study groups. Male and female control groups were also compared in order to reduce confounding due to the sex of the mice; the difference in survival rates between male and female mice was not significant (p = 0.07, *p < 0.05), as male mice lived for a median of 143 days and females for 194 days. The results of this study suggest that administration of a BRB‐supplemented diet may potentially prolong the lifespan and increase survival rates of colorectal cancer patients.
Forecasting Bitcoin volatility: A new insight from the threshold regression model
Authors: Zhang Yaojie , He Mengxi , Wen Danyan , Wang Yudong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAsset returns, especially negative returns, represent the leverage effect and are found to be informative for forecasting financial market volatility. The purpose of this paper is to dig out more useful information in Bitcoin returns when we predict Bitcoin volatility. We use the threshold regression model to differentiate positive and negative returns. The threshold regression results suggest that not only a decrease in normal returns but also an increase in extremely positive returns would lead to an increase in future Bitcoin volatility. To further capture and address the leverage effect of large positive returns in the Bitcoin market, we propose a model switching method. We empirically demonstrate the significant predictive ability of large positive returns when forecasting Bitcoin volatility both in‐ and out‐of‐sample. And, our findings still hold after considering long‐horizon forecasts, additional leverage effects, jump components, and a wide series of extensions and robustness tests. In an asset allocation exercise, the proposed volatility forecasting models, which highlight the predictive ability of large positive returns, can generate larger economic gains.
Multiperiod default probability forecasting
Authors: Blümke Oliver 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAccounting standards require that financial institutions must measure default risk with respect to the full maturity of a financial instrument. This requires forecasting of future default probabilities. The forecast of future default probabilities concerns two aspects: forecasting macroeconomic scenarios and future average (with respect to the macroeconomy) default probabilities. The present paper addresses the modeling of future average default probabilities. For corporations and depending on the initial rating grade, default probabilities change in different patterns over time. For initial investment‐grade ratings, the risk of a default increases, whereas for the bottom of the rating scale, default probabilities decrease. To model these different patterns, the paper proposes to extend the existing discrete‐time survival model and to incorporate an additional time‐ and covariate‐dependent shape parameter into the hazard function. Using data from Standard & Poor's, the paper shows that the shape parameter is able to reproduce the different patterns. The proposed model is benchmarked against a model that does not employ a shape parameter, and the results show that the additional shape parameter improves in‐sample and out‐of‐sample prediction.