bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of employees’ perceived threat of market competition on unethical marketing and selling practices: Moral disengagement and ethical leadership
Authors: Khan Salim , Khan Abdul Karim , Shah Adnan Muhammad , Ali Liaqat , Ullah Rizwan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study draws on the social cognitive theory to examine the effect of perceived market competition on employees’ unethical marketing and selling practices. The boundary conditions associated with this relationship were examined, and we posit that perceived market competition is related to unethical marketing and selling practices through the mediating mechanism of moral disengagement. We further propose that ethical leadership moderates the relationship between the perceived threat of market competition, moral disengagement, and tendency toward unethical marketing and selling practices. We tested our hypotheses with a sample of 387 employees working in the banking sector in Pakistan. Our results suggest that moral disengagement had a full mediation effect between the perceived threat of market competition and tendency of employees toward unethical marketing and selling practices. Moreover, ethical leadership moderated the relationship between moral disengagement and the tendency of employees toward unethical marketing practices. The research findings indicate that when field employees encounter threat perceptions due to market competition, they have a propensity toward engaging in unethical marketing and selling practices when they can activate moral disengagement. This study also found that ethical leadership negatively moderates the relationship of moral disengagement with employees’ tendency toward unethical marketing and selling practices.
Ethics at the workplace in the fourth industrial revolution: A Catholic social teaching perspective
Authors: Melé Domènec 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWhile many studies on the Fourth Industrial Revolution (FIR) focus on efficiency, productivity and economic progress, only a few have considered its ethical aspects. This article tries to contribute to filling this vacuum by providing a comprehensive approach to ethical risks at the workplace. Drawing upon Catholic social teaching (CST)—addressed to all people of good will—it analyzes ethical aspects at the workplace posited by the FIR, and more particularly by Industry 4.0, which is at the core of this revolution. CST emphasizes the dignity of the worker and the necessity to flourish at the workplace. While robots, artificial intelligence, and interconnected technologies are only instrumental, the real subject of work is the worker. This casts specific light on the ethical issues analyzed, including effects on employment, wages and inequality, human quality treatment, relational aspects, safety and health, surveillance on employees, and meaningful work.
Hydroxyurea treatment and neurocognitive functioning in sickle cell disease from school age to young adulthood
Authors: Heitzer Andrew M. , Longoria Jennifer , Okhomina Victoria , Wang Winfred C. , Raches Darcy , Potter Brian , Jacola Lisa M. , Porter Jerlym , Schreiber Jane E. , King Allison A. , Kang Guolian , Hankins Jane S. 
Published: July 2021

SummaryNeurocognitive impairment is common in sickle cell disease (SCD) and is associated with significant functional limitations. In a cross‐sectional analysis, we examined the association between hydroxyurea (HU) treatment and neurocognitive functioning from school‐age to young adulthood in individuals with SCD. A total of 215 patients with HbSS/HbSβ0‐thalassaemia (71% HU treated) and 149 patients with HbSC/HbSβ+‐thalassaemia (20% HU treated) completed neurocognitive measures at one of four developmental stages: school‐age (age 8–9 years), early adolescence (age 12–13 years), late adolescence (age 16–17 years) and young adulthood (ages 19–24 years). For participants with multiple assessments, only the most recent evaluation was included. In multivariable analysis adjusted for social vulnerability, HU treatment and sex, older age was associated with a reduction in overall intelligence quotient (IQ) of 0·55 points per year of life [standard error (SE) = 0·18, false discovery rate adjusted P value (PFDR) = 0.01] for patients with HbSS/HbSβ0‐thalassaemia. Earlier initiation of HU (n = 152) in HbSS/HbSβ0‐thalassaemia was associated with higher scores on neurocognitive measures across most domains, including IQ [estimate (SE) 0·77 (0·25)/year, PFDR = 0·01], after adjusting for social vulnerability, sex and treatment duration. These results support the early use of HU to limit the detrimental neurocognitive effects of SCD, while highlighting the need for additional measures to further mitigate neurocognitive deterioration.
Radiation treatment in prostate cancer: covering the waterfront
Authors: Kamran Sophia C. , Zietman Anthony L. 
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesTo present an overview of radiation therapy (RT) for prostate cancer over the past decade.MethodsThe literature on prostate cancer radiation therapy was reviewed and summarised. Radiation therapy (RT) for prostate cancer has dramatically evolved in the past decade, with superior techniques and exciting advances, pushing the role of the radiation oncologist to new frontiers.ResultsInnovations in imaging, treatment delivery, and a deeper understanding of biology has resulted in more tailored RT for individuals. In the present review, we summarise the changing landscape and broadly discuss new developments in prostate RT.ConclusionsQuestions and challenges remain in the field, however there are multiple opportunities to further improve upon RT for our patients with prostate cancer.
Plasma extracellular vesicle microRNA‐491‐5p as diagnostic and prognostic marker for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Panvongsa Wittaya , Siripoon Teerada , Worakitchanon Wittawin , Arsa Lalida , Trachu Narumol , Jinawath Natini , Ngamphaiboon Nuttapong , Chairoungdua Arthit 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPoor survival of patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LA‐HNSCC) is partly due to early diagnosis difficulties and the lack of reliable biomarkers for predicting treatment outcomes. In the discovery cohort, plasma‐derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) from LA‐HNSCC patients (n = 48) and healthy volunteers (n = 12) were used for profiling for microRNA (miRNA) expression by NanoString analysis. Ten EV‐associated miRNAs were differentially expressed between LA‐HNSCC patients and healthy volunteers. Subsequently, the results were validated in the individual discovery and additional cases (HNSCC, n = 73; control, n = 20) by quantitative RT‐PCR. Among 10 EV‐miRNAs, four (miR‐27b‐3p, miR‐491‐5p, miR‐1910‐5p, and miR‐630) were significantly dysregulated in LA‐HNSCC patients (n = 73) compared with healthy volunteers (n = 20). The miRNA prediction models were developed to discriminate HNSCC patients from healthy volunteers. The model using miR‐491‐5p was selected as a diagnostic biomarker for LA‐HNSCC with a sensitivity and specificity of 46.6% and 100%, respectively (P < .001). The dynamic changes of miRNA model score (ΔmiRNAs) were determined using scores pre‐ and postdefinitive treatment to further investigate the prognostic value of miRNA prediction models. The univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that ΔmiR‐491‐5p was the most powerful and independent prognostic indicator for overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] 5.66, 95% confidence interval, 1.77‐18.01; P = .003) and disease‐free survival (HR 2.82, 95% CI, 1.13‐7.05; P = .027) of HNSCC patients. In summary, the miR‐491‐5p prediction model could serve as a blood‐based diagnostic marker for LA‐HNSCC. Moreover, ΔmiR‐491‐5p could be a potential monitoring prognostic marker to reflect the survival of HNSCC patients.
An investigation of the relationship between the eating behaviours of children with typical development and autism spectrum disorders and parent attitudes during mealtime eating behaviours and parent attitudes during mealtime
Authors: Öz Sena , Bayhan Pınar 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundNutrition has significant importance in the course of growth and development in early childhood. Selective and fussy eating is prevalent among children with autism spectrum disorder and can have a profound impact on parents' mealtime actions.AimsThe study aimed to investigate the relationship between parental mealtime actions and the eating behaviours of children aged 3–5 years with typical development (TD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD).MethodsA total of 180 parents of children between 3 and 5 years in Ankara participated in the study; 90 were parents of children with TD, and 90 were parents of children with ASD. We measured the variables using the Brief Assessment of Mealtime Behaviour in Children (BAMBIC), Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ), and Parent Mealtime Action Scale (PMAS).ResultsThe results revealed that food refusal, disruptive behaviours, and limited variety in TD children were related to parental actions, such as the use of rewards. We also found a negative correlation between enjoyment of food and the use of rewards. Children with ASD displayed differences concerning food refusal, and their parents were found to prepare more special meals for them compared with children with TD.ConclusionDespite differences, the eating behaviours of children with TD and ASD show similarities in some cases. If a child has a low interest in eating, then their parents tend to be more insistent, use more rewards, and offer special meals. On the contrary, a child's high interest in eating harms such parental behaviours. Because an acknowledgement that a relationship exists between the eating behaviours of children and parental actions would make intervening to shape parental attitudes easier, it is recommended that future studies should be carried out to respond to the eating problems of children by working with parents.
Whole exome sequencing identified a novel frameshift variant in the BHLHA9 in an Iranian family with mesoaxial synostotic syndactyly
Authors: Sedighzadeh Sahar Sadat , Sedaghat Alireza , Zamani Mina , Seifi Tahere , Shariati Gholamreza , Zeighami Jawaher , Mazaheri Neda , Galehdari Hamid 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMesoaxial synostotic syndactyly with phalangeal reduction (MSSD) represents a rare non‐syndromic defect with an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. Sequence variants in the BHLHA9 gene cause MSSD and to date only a few mutations in this gene have been reported. In the present report, we have described a consanguineous Iranian family segregating MSSD in an autosomal recessive manner. The family had two affected siblings showing evidence of camptodactyly in some fingers, complete syndactyly of the 3rd and 4th fingers with synostoses of the corresponding metacarpals, and associated single phalanx in both right and left hand. Whole exome sequencing (WES) followed by segregation analysis using Sanger sequencing identified a novel homozygous frameshift variation [c.74_74delG p.(G25Afs*55)] in the BHLHA9 gene. This has expanded the spectrum of mutations in the BHLHA9 and will facilitate genetic counseling in Iranian families segregating MSSD‐related phenotypes.
A rare congenital esophageal anomaly mimicking an isolated esophageal atresia: Kluth Type IV1a membranous esophageal atresia
Authors: Boybeyi‐Turer Ozlem , Iyigun Irem , Cagan Murat , Celik Hasan Tolga , Ozyuncu Ozgur , Soyer Tutku 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCongenital esophageal web is a very rare type of esophageal atresia (EA) and is considered as Type IV atresia in Kluth's classification. Type IV EA is further classified into subgroups according to the location of web and the presence of tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF). Herein, we present a newborn having Type IV1a EA who was initially suspected as isolated EA and has co‐existing malrotation together with the review of the literature. A newborn having congenital esophageal web was admitted with antenatal ultrasonography revealing polyhydramnios, dilated stomach, and duodenum. Abdominal X‐ray revealed a gasless abdomen suggesting isolated EA. The upper gastrointestinal series confirmed complete obstruction at the lower esophagus. Bronchoscopy performed excluding TEF. Laparotomy revealed intestinal malrotation and the absence of another GI webs. Gastrotomy was performed and mucosal web at GEJ was seen by pushing nasogastric catheter. Web excision and Ladd procedure were performed. Congenital esophageal web is an extremely rare type of esophageal anomaly that can be only classified in Kluth classification. A high index of suspicion is required for diagnosis especially in newborns with the gasless abdomen and esophageal obstruction at the level of GEJ. Preoperative bronchoscopy is mandatory to exclude an associating TEF. Surgical exploration via laparotomy is beneficial for exploring additional GIS anomalies.
Short stature with low insulin‐like growth factor 1 availability due to pregnancy‐associated plasma protein A2 deficiency in a Saudi family
Authors: Babiker Amir , Al Noaim Khalid , Al Swaid Abdulrahman , Alfadhel Majid , Deeb Asma , Martín‐Rivada Álvaro , Barrios Vicente , Pérez‐Jurado Luis A. , Alfares Ahmed , Al Alwan Ibrahim , Argente Jesús 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn 2016 a new syndrome with postnatal short stature and low IGF1 bioavailability caused by biallelic loss‐of‐function mutations in the gene encoding the metalloproteinase pregnancy‐associated plasma protein A2 (PAPP‐A2) was described in two families. Here we report two siblings of a third family from Saudi Arabia with postnatal growth retardation and decreased IGF1 availability due to a new homozygous nonsense mutation (p.Glu886* in exon 7) in PAPPA2. The two affected males showed progressively severe short stature starting around 8 years of age, moderate microcephaly, decreased bone mineral density, and high circulating levels of total IGF1, IGFBP3, and the IGF acid‐labile subunit (IGFALS), with decreased free IGF1 concentrations. Interestingly, circulating IGF2 and IGFBP5 were not increased. An increase in growth velocity and height was seen in the prepuberal patient in response to rhIGF1. These patients contribute to the confirmation of the clinical picture associated with PAPP‐A2 deficiency and that the PAPPA2 gene should be studied in all patients with short stature with this characteristic phenotype. Hence, pediatric endocrinologists should measure circulating PAPP‐A2 levels in the study of short stature as very low or undetectable levels of this protein can help to focus the diagnosis and treatment.
Collaboration in colorectal surgical research
Authors: Rosenberg Jacob , Angenete Eva , Pinkney Thomas , Bhangu Aneel , Haglind Eva 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSurgical research has been under‐powered, under‐funded and under‐delivered for decades. A solution may be to form large research collaborations and thereby enable implementation of successful interventional trials as well as robust international observational studies with thousands of patients. There are many such research collaborations in colorectal surgery, and in this paper we have highlighted the experiences from the West Midlands Research Collaborative (WMRC), the Scandinavian Surgical Outcomes Research Group (SSORG) and the European Society of Coloproctology. With active research networks, it is possible to deliver large, high‐quality studies and provide high‐level evidence for solving important clinical questions in an efficient and timely manner.
Cognitive impairment burden in older and younger adults across the kidney transplant care continuum
Authors: Chu Nadia M. , Chen Xiaomeng , Gross Alden L. , Carlson Michelle C. , Garonzik‐Wang Jacqueline M. , Norman Silas P. , Mathur Aarti , Abidi Maheen Z. , Brennan Daniel C. , Segev Dorry L. , McAdams‐DeMarco Mara A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundYounger kidney transplant (KT) candidates and recipients may have cognitive impairment due to chronic diseases and reliance on dialysis.MethodsTo quantify cognitive impairment burden by age across the KT care continuum, we leveraged a two‐center cohort study of 3854 KT candidates at evaluation, 1114 recipients at admission, and 405 recipients at 1‐year post‐KT with measured global cognitive performance (3MS) or executive function (Trail Making Test). We also estimated burden of severe cognitive impairment that affects functional dependence (activities of daily living [ADL] < 6 or instrumental activities of daily living [IADL] < 8).ResultsAmong KT candidates, global cognitive impairment (18–34 years: 11.1%; 35–49 years: 14.0%; 50–64 years: 19.5%; ≥65 years: 22.0%) and severe cognitive impairment burden (18–34 years: 1.1%; 35–49 years: 3.0%; 50–64 years: 6.2%; ≥65 years: 7.7%) increased linearly with age. Among KT recipients at admission, global cognitive impairment (18–34 years: 9.1%; 35–49 years: 6.1%; 50–64 years: 9.3%; ≥65 years: 15.7%) and severe cognitive impairment burden (18–34 years: 1.4%; 35–49 years: 1.4%; 50–64 years: 2.2%; ≥65 years: 4.6%) was lower. Despite lowest burden of cognitive impairment among KT recipients at 1‐year post‐KT across all ages (18–34 years: 1.7%; 35–49 years: 3.4%; 50–64 years: 4.3%; ≥65 years: 6.5%), many still exhibited severe cognitive impairment (18–34 years: .0%; 35–49 years: 1.9%; 50–64 years: 2.4%; ≥65 years: 3.5%).ConclusionFindings were consistent for executive function impairment. While cognitive impairment increases with age, younger KT candidates have a high burden comparable to community‐dwelling older adults, with some potentially suffering from severe forms. Transplant centers should consider routinely screening patients during clinical care encounters regardless of age.
A clinicopathological description of COVID‐19‐induced chilblains (COVID‐toes) correlated with a published literature review
Authors: Kolivras Athanassios , Thompson Curtis , Pastushenko Ievgenia , Mathieu Marisa , Bruderer Pascal , de Vicq Marine , Feoli Francesco , Harag Saadia , Meiers Isabelle , Olemans Catherine , Sass Ursula , Dehavay Florence , Fakih Ali , Lam‐Hoai Xuan‐Lan , Marneffe Alice , Van De Borne Laura , Vandersleyen Valerie , Richert Bertrand 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe abundance of publications of COVID‐19‐induced chilblains has resulted in a confusing situation.MethodsThis is a prospective single‐institution study from 15 March to 13 May 2020. Thirty‐two patients received PCR nasopharyngeal swabs. Of these, 28 patients had a thoracic CT‐scan, 31 patients had blood and urine examinations, 24 patients had skin biopsies including immunohistochemical and direct immunofluorescence studies, and four patients had electron microscopy.ResultsCOVID‐19‐induced chilblains are clinically and histopathologically identical to chilblains from other causes. Although intravascular thrombi are sometimes observed, no patient had a systemic coagulopathy or severe clinical course. The exhaustive clinical, radiological, and laboratory work‐up in this study ruled‐out other primary and secondary causes. Electron microscopy revealed rare, probable viral particles whose core and spikes measured from 120 to 133 nm within endothelium and eccrine glands in two cases.ConclusionThis study provides further clinicopathologic evidence of COVID‐19‐related chilblains. Negative PCR and antibody tests do not rule‐out infection. Chilblains represent a good prognosis, occurring later in the disease course. No systemic coagulopathy was identified in any patient. Patients presenting with acral lesions should be isolated, and chilblains should be distinguished from thrombotic lesions (livedo racemosa, retiform purpura, or ischemic acral necrosis).
Isotopic response of labetalol‐associated lichen planus pemphigoides on an old radiation site: A case report
Authors: Rajaintharan Sandhya , Wu Yu‐Hung 
Published: July 2021

AbstractOver the years, the occurrences of different types of skin disorders arising from radiation sites have been observed and studied. Examples include autoimmune blistering diseases such as pemphigus, pemphigoid, and interface or inflammatory reaction patterns such as lichen planus, lupus erythematosus, and Stevens‐Johnson syndrome. The phenomenon whereby a new skin disorder arises from a previously healed or irradiated site is called an isotopic response, described as a type of Koebner phenomenon. Ionizing radiation itself can profoundly affect the skin. Both early and late changes can present, which typify the progression of changes following irradiation of the skin. Herein, we report a rare case of labetalol‐associated lichen planus pemphigoides that occurred at the site treated with radiation for a soft tissue malignancy after 19 years as a result of an isotopic response. The rash was well‐controlled after therapy and kept a 4‐year remission. The same skin reaction recurred after the reintroduction of labetalol 4 years later.
Weak immunohistochemical expression of galectin‐3 near blisters in Hailey‐Hailey disease
Authors: Aghighi Maryam , Smoller Bruce R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundHailey‐Hailey disease (HHD) is an uncommon hereditary and benign skin condition characterized by blisters and erosions on intertriginous areas. It is related to a mutation of the ATP2C1 gene, which encodes a Ca2+ pump. It is characterized by multiple foci of skin acantholysis in the epidermis, with dyskeratosis and suprabasilar clefting. Galectin‐3 is a beta‐galactoside‐binding protein that has an essential role in cell‐to‐cell and cell‐to‐matrix adhesion. We assessed galectin‐3 immunohistochemical expression in HHD to explore its impact on the pathogenesis of this hereditary blistering disorder.MethodIn a retrospective study, seven specimens from seven patients diagnosed with HHD were stained with antibodies to galectin‐3. We evaluated the nuclear and cytoplasmic expression of galectin‐3, as well as the staining intensity around blisters and distant normal skin.ResultsWe observed a significant decrease in cytoplasmic and nuclear expression of galectin‐3 as well as stain intensity around blisters compared with distant normal skin.ConclusionsWhile the acantholysis process in HHD is related to abnormality in cadherin expression caused by altered Ca2+ pump concentration, lower expression of galectin‐3 may cause the extension of blisters by initiating cell‐to‐cell disassembly in the epidermis.