bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Insights into the Chemical Composition, Pro‐Inflammatory Cytokine Inhibition Profile of Davana (Artemisia pallens Wall. ex DC.) Essential Oil and cis‐Davanone in Primary Macrophage Cells
Authors: Singh Swati , Bhatt Divya , Singh Munmun Kumar , Sundaresan Velusamy , Tandon Sudeep , Padalia Rajendra Chandra , Bawankule Dnyaneshwar Umrao , Verma Ram Swaroop 
Published: October 2021

AbstractArtemisia pallens Wall. ex DC., popularly known as davana, has gained considerable attention because of its unique fragrance, high economic value, and pharmacological properties. The compositional complexity of davana essential oil (DO) has been a challenge for quality control. In this study, the chemical profile of DO was developed using polarity‐based fractionation and a combination of gas chromatographic (GC‐FID), hyphenated chromatographic (GC/MS), and spectroscopic (Fourier‐Transform Infra‐Red, 1D, 2D‐Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) techniques. The analysis led to the identification of ninety‐nine compounds. Major components of the DO were cis‐davanone (D3, 53.0 %), bicyclogermacrene (6.9 %), trans‐ethyl cinnamate (4.9 %), davana ether isomer (3.4 %), spathulenol (2.8 %), cis‐hydroxy davanone (2.4 %), and trans‐davanone (2.1 %). The study led to identifying several co‐eluting novel minor components, which could help determine the authenticity of DO. The rigorous column‐chromatography led to the isolation of five compounds. Among these, bicyclogermacrene, trans‐ethyl cinnamate, and spathulenol were isolated and characterized by spectroscopic methods for the first time from DO. Pharmacological profile revealed that the treatment of DO and D3 inhibited the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines (TNF‐α, IL‐6) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in primary macrophages without any cytotoxic effect after administration of their effective concentrations. The result of this study indicates the suitability of DO and D3 for further investigation for the treatment of chronic skin inflammatory conditions.
Esthetic outcome for implant therapy of a maxillary lateral incisor using prefabricated titanium and customized zirconia abutments: 4‐year clinical reports
Authors: Guzman‐Perez Gerardo , Jurado Carlos Alberto , Rincon‐Reyna Carla Araciel , Alresayes Saad , Torrealba Ysidora , Alshabib Abdulrahman , Fu Chin‐Chuan , Tsujimoto Akimasa 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe reported clinical scenarios presented two patients, one managed with a prefabricated abutment and the other with a customized abutment, and both patients were pleased with the outcome. However, from a professional viewpoint, the esthetic outcome using the custom zirconia abutment was superior to that using the prefabricated titanium abutment.
Asymmetric Photocatalysis Enabled by Chiral Organocatalysts
Authors: Yao Wang , Bazan‐Bergamino Emmanuel A. , Ngai Ming‐Yu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractVisible‐light photocatalysis has advanced as a versatile tool in organic synthesis. However, attaining precise stereocontrol in photocatalytic reactions has been a longstanding challenge due to undesired photochemical background reactions and the involvement of highly reactive radicals or radical ion intermediates generated under photocatalytic conditions. To address this problem and expand the synthetic utility of photocatalytic reactions, a number of innovative strategies, including mono‐ and dual‐catalytic approaches, have recently emerged. Of these, exploiting chiral organocatalysis, such as enamine catalysis, iminium‐ion catalysis, Brønsted acid/base catalysis, and N‐heterocyclic carbene catalysis, to induce chirality transfer of photocatalytic reactions has been widely explored. This Review aims to provide a current, comprehensive overview of asymmetric photocatalytic reactions enabled by chiral organocatalysts published through June 2021. The substrate scope, advantages, limitations, and proposed reaction mechanisms of each reaction are discussed. This review should serve as a reference for the development of visible‐light‐induced asymmetric photocatalysis and promote the improvement of the chemical reactivity and stereoselectivity of these reactions.
Wood‐Derived Monolithic Ultrathick Porous Carbon Electrodes Filled with Reduced Graphene Oxide for High‐Performance Supercapacitors with Ultrahigh Areal Capacitances
Authors: Wu Jing , Dai Qian , Li Xiaofeng , Li Wei , Hao Shu‐Meng , Zeng Mei‐Jiao , Yu Zhong‐Zhen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA monolithic ultrathick and dense carbon electrode with high specific surface area and high hydrophilicity is fabricated for high‐performance supercapacitors with ultrahigh areal capacitance by infiltration of graphene oxide inside the aligned pores of the wood followed by lyophilization, carbonization, thermal reduction at 800 °C, and activation with KOH. The porous and vertical microchannels in the wood‐derived carbon facilitate the transport of ions and electrons, while the presence of reduced graphene oxide provides the electrode with high specific surface area, high electrochemical stability, and compactness. Benefiting from the efficient pores resulted from the KOH activation, the monolithic electrode exhibits a high specific surface area of 1049.9 m2 g−1 with an enhanced permeability, and remains its primary structure as a freestanding electrode without the use of conductive additives or binders. Consequently, the directly sliced pellet electrode with a thickness of 2.2 mm delivers a high areal capacitance of 26.6 F cm−2 at a current density of 1 mA cm−2 in 6 M KOH electrolyte. The resultant symmetrical supercapacitor with a KOH gel electrolyte reaches an energy density of 0.91 mWh cm−2 and a maximum power density of 11.90 W cm−2.
Operando Local pH Mapping of Electrochemical and Bioelectrochemical Reactions Occurring at an Electrode Surface: Effect of the Buffer Concentration
Authors: Bollella Paolo , Melman Artem , Katz Evgeny 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this study, we aim at demonstrating the possibility for operando quantification of the thickness of the boundary layer where pH changes are occurring upon electrochemical reactions accompanied with the production or consumption of H+ cations. Confocal fluorescent microscopy (CFM) is combined with two different pH sensitive fluorescent dyes, namely 3,4′‐dihydroxy‐3′,5′‐bis‐(dimethylaminomethyl)flavone (FAM345) and rhodamine‐6‐aniline (R6H). This is the first attempt to quantify the effect of the buffer concentration (quantification of layer thickness) on local pH changes produced by ascorbic oxidation and oxygen reduction reaction directly occurring at non‐modified graphite electrodes. In addition, the effect of buffer concentration was studied also with respect to local pH variations produced by bioelectrochemical reactions.
Probing Individual Cuprous Oxide Microcrystals towards Carbon Dioxide Reduction by using In Situ Raman‐coupled Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy
Authors: Steimecke Matthias , Araújo‐Cordero Ana María , Dieterich Emil , Bron Michael 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this work, the simultaneous investigation of a single cuprous oxide microcrystal towards CO2 electroreduction (CRR, CO2 reduction reaction) by using Raman microscopy and scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) is shown. Cu2O microcrystals were electrochemically crystallized on an indium‐doped tin oxide‐substrate (ITO). Structural changes of the Cu2O microcrystal are observed in situ by Raman microcopy, which indicates their fast conversion into elemental Cu at low overpotentials. Simultaneously, detection of products of the CO2 reduction is carried out electrochemically using the sample‐generation tip‐collection mode (SG/TC) of SECM and formate ions are the main product of CRR, as detected by a 10 μm Pt ultramicroelectrode (UME). Thus, with our approach, the very beginning of the CRR (onset potential), potential‐dependent product formation as well as structural changes in the catalyst can be precisely investigated.
Assessing Silver Palladium Alloys for Electrochemical CO2Reduction in Membrane Electrode Assemblies
Authors: Chandrashekar Sanjana , Geerlings Hans , Smith Wilson A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe field of electrochemical CO2reduction has been transitioning to industrially relevant scales by changing the architecture of the electrochemical cells and moving away from the traditional aqueous H‐cells to membrane electrode assemblies (MEA). The reaction environments in MEAs vary drastically from that of aqueous H‐cells, which could result in significantly different catalytic activity. In this paper, we test AgPd alloys, one of the most promising CO producing catalysts reported, at industrially relevant scales (50 to 200 mA/cm2) in a MEA configuration. We report that, with increasing Pd composition in the electrode, the CO selectivity reduces from 99 % for pure Ag to 73 % for pure Pd at 50 mA/cm2. The MEA configuration helps attain a high CO partial current density of 123 mA/cm2. We find that catalytic activity reported in aqueous H‐Cells does not translate at higher current densities and that cell architecture must play an important role in benchmarking catalytic activity.
Glasfassaden: Neue Herausforderungen und Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten im 21. Jahrhundert
Authors: Blandini Lucio 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDer anhaltende Wunsch vieler Architekten und Bauherren nach mehr Transparenz ebenso wie viele andere Anforderungen an Effizienz, Nutzerkomfort, Nachhaltigkeit etc. stellen die Fassadenplaner vor immer neue Herausforderungen. Bei Entwurf und Planung muss eine Vielzahl an Parametern berücksichtigt werden. Anhand von vier ausgewählten Projekten wird im vorliegenden Aufsatz aufgezeigt, wie dies am besten gelingt. Trotz ausgeklügelter konstruktiver Lösungen und der Verwendung von innovativen digitalen Werkzeugen stellt sich dabei aber auch die Frage, ob eine moderne Fassade nicht anpassungsfähiger sein sollte, um eine stärkere Interaktion zwischen Menschen und Hüllen zu ermöglichen. Dadurch könnte in Zukunft material‐ und ressourceneffizienter gebaut werden, ohne auf Komfort verzichten zu müssen. Zwei ausgewählte Forschungsprojekte, die ebenfalls im Nachfolgenden skizziert werden, zeigen auf, wie sich der Fassadenbau durch mehr Adaptivität in den kommenden Jahrzehnten weiter entwickeln könnte.Glass facades: challenges and potentials in the 21st century. Several performance requirements challenge facade designers nowadays, among others the continuing search for more transparency: this and several parameters have to be considered in the design process, as shown in four selected recent projects. Despite sophisticated engineering work and the use of innovative digital tools, it has to be questioned if modern facades are as yet adaptive enough: a stronger interaction with the user should be the objective. This way it could be possible in the future to build with fewer resources, but without reducing standard comfort levels. Two selected research projects exemplify this approach, thus showing how the facade sector may evolve in the coming decades.
Herstellung individueller Strukturen aus silikatischen Werkstoffen mittels Wire‐Laser Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Fröhlich Fabian , Hildebrand Jörg , Bergmann Jean Pierre 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDie vorliegende Studie zeigt Grundzüge eines Verfahrens, welches Potentiale zum Ausgleich der Defizite bisheriger additiver Verfahren bezüglich Maßhaltigkeit, Homogenität und Transparenz der Struktur aufweist. Silikatische Gläser werden durch eine CO2‐Laserquelle aufgeschmolzen. Ein Dreiachssystem defokussiert den Laserstrahl, um die Intensitäten zum Aufschmelzen unterschiedlicher silikatischer Gläser einzustellen und die Bewegung von Druckstufe und Substrat zu realisieren. Die flexible Zuführung des Zusatzwerkstoffes ermöglicht die kontinuierliche Anpassung des Aufbauprozesses und die Möglichkeit der Geometrieänderung. Erste Versuche verdeutlichen, dass dieser Prozess eine Alternative zu den bisher angewendeten Verfahren darstellt.Production of individual structures from silicate materials using Wire‐Laser Additive Manufacturing. This study shows the main features of a method, which has the potential to compensate for the deficits of previous additive methods in terms of dimensional accuracy, homogeneity and transparency of the structure. Silicate glasses are melted by a CO2‐laser source. A three‐axis system defocuses the laser beam to adjust the intensities for melting different silicate glasses and to realize the movement of pressure stage and substrate. The flexible feeding of the filler material allows the continuous adaptation of the build‐up process and the possibility of changing the geometry. Initial tests have shown that this process is an alternative to the methods previously used.
Verwendbarkeit von Verbundfolien auf Basis von Ethylen‐Vinylacetat‐Copolymeren (EVA) für die Produktion von Verbundgläsern mittels moderner Laminationstechnologien
Authors: Bornemann Steffen , Thavayogarajah Nishanth , Riedel Kristin , Weiß Jasmin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractVerbundsicherheitsgläser in ihren vielfältigen Ausführungsformen stellen grundlegende Komponenten für die moderne Architektur dar. Zur Fertigung von Verbundsicherheitsglas werden Glasscheiben mittels Verbundfolien zusammengefügt, dabei werden verschiedene Laminationstechnologien genutzt. Das Autoklavenverfahren wird üblicherweise für große Formate und Mengen verwendet, hingegen werden Vakuumprozesse immer populärer für die Herstellung maßgeschneiderter Verbundglasformate. Die verschiedenen Technologien haben ihre speziellen Anforderungen, auch an die verwendeten Materialien, zu denen die Verbundfolien gehören. In diesem Beitrag werden jüngste Entwicklungen der Folienwerk Wolfen GmbH und ihrer Entwicklungspartner vorgestellt. Vorrangig geht es um die Vorstellung ausgewählter Ergebnisse zur Eignung von Verbundfolien auf Basis von Ethylen‐Vinylacetat‐Copolymeren (EVA) für die Produktion von Verbundsicherheitsgläsern mittels moderner Laminationstechnologien.Usability of ethylene‐vinyl‐acetate copolymer (EVA) based laminating films for the production of laminated glasses using modern lamination technologies. Laminated safety glass is considered as one of the fundamental components in modern architecture. For the production of laminated safety glass, glass panes are joined together by means of a polymeric interlayer film, using various lamination technologies. The autoclave process is the most widely used technology for the mass production in glass lamination, however vacuum processes are becoming increasingly popular for the production of tailor‐made glass laminates. Each lamination process has its individual advantages and special requirements. It is well evident that each polymeric interlayer film stands out for their individuality, while considering the suitability for different lamination technologies. New approaches from recent developments of Folienwerk Wolfen GmbH and its scientific partners will be discussed, especially for laminating films based on ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). The primary objective is to address the current status of the versatility of EVA laminating films for the production of laminated safety glasses using modern lamination technologies.
Gender differences in COVID‐19‐related stress and relationships with life satisfaction among financial advisors
Authors: Tharp Derek T. , Parks‐Stamm Elizabeth J. , Kitces Michael , Lurtz Meghaan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study examines gender differences in COVID‐19‐related stress and the relationship between COVID‐19‐related stress and life satisfaction in a large sample of financial advisors in the United States (n = 499). Compared to men, women reported greater increases in work‐related stress since the onset of COVID‐19, higher levels of stress from managing family responsibilities, and more stress from witnessing the impact of COVID‐19 on their clients (i.e., empathetic stress). Using an integrative model of top‐down and bottom‐up influences on life satisfaction, COVID‐19‐related stress predicted life satisfaction among women but not men. Consistent with integrative models of both bottom‐up and top‐down influences on satisfaction assessment, trait affect was found to predict life satisfaction. Implications of the unequal stress of COVID‐19 on men and women within the financial planning profession are discussed.
PROTOCOL: Interventions to increase youth employment: An evidence and gap map
Authors: Apunyo Robert , White Howard , Otike Caroline , Katairo Thomas , Puerto Sussana , Gardiner Drew , Kinengyere Alison A. , Eyers John , Saran Ashrita , Obuku Ekwaro A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe research question guiding the production of the youth employment evidence and gap map (EGM) is stated as follows: What is the nature and extent of the evidence base of impact evaluations and systematic reviews on youth employment programmes in the world? The primary objective of is to catalogue impact evaluations and systematic reviews on youth employment interventions to enhance discoverability of evidence by decision makers, development patterners and researchers, so as to promote evidence‐based decision making in programming and delivery of youth employment initiatives. This evidence gap map is also a primary input into the implementation of Mastercard Foundation's strategy titled “Africa Works: Mastercard Foundation Strategy 2018–2030”, which points out sharing of evidence‐based knowledge and innovation with stakeholders as a key strategy to be used (Mastercard Foundation). The time frame for the development of the youth EGM will run from the last quarter of 2019 to December 2020. The five secondary objectives are: (i) To construct a framework for the classification of youth employment effectiveness studies. The objective will be achieved through the development of an intervention and outcome framework using an engaged consultative process involving the review team, Mastercard Foundation and other stakeholders. (ii) To identify available evidence, and clusters of evidence, including its quality rating. This will involve activities such as identification of studies using a standardised study search strategy, screening and coding of studies in EPPI Reviewer 4, which is a web‐based software program for production of reviews. (iii) To create a map of youth employment effectiveness studies equipped with an appealing user‐friendly web‐based search content visualisation using interactive mapping software. To achieve this object, data coded in EPPI Reviewer 4 will be exported to another software (EPPI mapper) which is designed for generating EGMs. (iv) To produce a narrative report of the youth employment EGM. This will be achieved through analysis of data in EPPI Reviewer 4 and report writing. To disseminate the EGM to users to increase awareness to support evidence‐informed decision‐making across countries. We will achieve this objective by organising dissemination workshops, participating in conferences and hosting the evidence and gap on our websites.
Effects of single versus dual antiplatelet therapy on the adverse events after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Yu Shengqin , Zhang Shuying , Yao Changli , Liu Jihong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) was currently recommended for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) postoperative management in clinical application. However, POPular‐TAVI trial showed DAPT increased the incidence of adverse events compared to single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT). Herein, we performed a meta‐analysis to investigate the effect of SAPT versus DAPT on the adverse events after TAVI. Eleven studies were available from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from inception to April 1, 2021. The pooled effect size was presented as relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The sensitivity analysis was used to assess the stability of analysis results, and Begg's test was applied to evaluate the publication bias. The Cochran Q test and the I2 statistic were used to evaluate the heterogeneity, and the source of heterogeneity was explored by meta‐regression. A total of 4804 patients were obtained, with 2257 in SAPT group and 2547 in DAPT group. Compared to the DAPT, SAPT was associated with the decreased risk of all‐cause bleeding (RR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.44–0.61), major bleeding (RR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.32–0.86), and minor bleeding (RR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.34–0.98). There were no significant differences in mortality and myocardial infarction events, stroke events, and acute kidney injury between the two groups. SAPT was superior to DAPT in decreasing all‐cause bleeding, major bleeding, and minor bleeding, suggesting that SAPT could be preferentially recommended for TAVI postoperative management in most patients without another indication for DAPT and oral anticoagulation.
Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Mevidalen (LY3154207), a Centrally Acting Dopamine D1 Receptor–Positive Allosteric Modulator, in Patients With Parkinson Disease
Authors: Wilbraham Darren , Biglan Kevin M. , Svensson Kjell A. , Tsai Max , Pugh Melissa , Ardayfio Paul , Kielbasa William 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMevidalen (LY3154207) is a positive allosteric modulator of the dopamine D1 receptor that enhances the affinity of dopamine for the D1 receptor. The safety, tolerability, motor effects, and pharmacokinetics of mevidalen were studied in patients with Parkinson disease. Mevidalen or placebo was given once daily for 14 days to 2 cohorts of patients (cohort 1, 75 mg; cohort 2, titration from 15 to 75 mg). For both cohorts, the median time to maximum concentration for mevidalen plasma concentration was about 2 hours, the apparent steady‐state clearance was 20–25 L/h, and mevidalen plasma concentrations were similar between the 1st and 14th administration in cohort 1, indicating minimal accumulation upon repeated dosing. Mevidalen was well tolerated, and most treatment‐emergent adverse events were mild. Blood pressure and pulse rate increased when taking mevidalen, but there was considerable overlap with patients taking placebo, and vital signs normalized with repeated dosing. In the Movement Disorder Society–United Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, all patients taking mevidalen showed a better motor examination sub‐score on day 6 compared to only some patients in the placebo group. These data support examining mevidalen for symptomatic treatment of patients with Parkinson disease and Lewy body dementia.
Quality of service optimization in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing‐based cognitive radio systems based on shuffled frog leaping algorithm
Authors: Benmammar Badr 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this article, we propose to use shuffled frog leaping algorithm (SFLA) in order to provide the quality of service (QoS) requested by the secondary user (SU) in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing‐based cognitive radio (CR) systems. The performance of the SFLA was evaluated through three transmission modes (emergency, multimedia, and low battery). SFLA provided the best possible configuration in a multicarrier context and thus proved its effectiveness to satisfy the needed QoS for the SU in CR systems. The obtained simulation results showed that SFLA offers better performance compared with genetic algorithms.
Derivation and characteristics of closed‐form solutions of the fundamental equations for online user dynamics
Authors: Ikeya Toshi , Aida Masaki 
Published: October 2021

SummaryThe oscillation model, based on the wave equation on networks, can describe user dynamics in online social networks. The fundamental equation of user dynamics can be introduced into the oscillation model to explicitly describe the causal relation of user dynamics yielded by certain specific network structures. Moreover, by considering the sparseness of the link structure of online social networks, a novel fundamental equation of different forms has been devised. In this article, we derive a closed‐form solution of the new fundamental equation. Also, we show that the closed‐form solution of the new fundamental equation can generate the general solution of the original wave equation and investigate the characteristics of the derived general solution.