bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fine-tuned control of stress priming and thermotolerance
Authors: Pfeuty Benjamin , Courtade Emmanuel , Thommen Quentin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA common signature of cell adaptation to stress is the improved resistance upon priming by prior stress exposure. In the context of hyperthermia, priming or preconditioning with sublethal heat shock can be a useful tool to confer thermotolerance and competitive advantage to cells. In the present study, we develop a data-driven modeling framework that is simple and generic enough to capture a broad set of adaptation behaviors to heat stress at both molecular and cellular levels. The model recovers the main features of thermotolerance and clarifies the tradeoff principles which maximize the thermotolerance effect. It therefore provides an effective predictive tool to design preconditioning and fractionation hyperthermia protocols for therapeutic purpose.
Phenological shift along an elevational gradient and dispersal of pollen and seeds maintain a hybrid zone between two cherry tree species
Authors: Tochigi Kahoko , Shuri Kato , Kikuchi Satoshi , Naoe Shoji , Koike Shinsuke , Nagamitsu Teruyoshi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHybrid zones between species with staggered reproductive phenology sometimes occur along elevational gradients. The maintenance of such hybrid zones may depend on elevational shift in phenology and vertical dispersal of pollen and seeds. In a hybrid zone ofCerasus leveilleana(Cl) andC. sargentii(Cs), 111 adults, 372 embryos of 65 mothers, and 133 juveniles were sampled across elevations of 900–1,400 m in central Japan. Using the hybrid index estimated from nuclear microsatellites, the samples were assigned toCl,Csor their hybrid taxon.Cswas in higher elevations thanClwith an overlapping range, and their hybrids were in intermediary elevations. Flowering periods were earlier inCsthan inClwith little overlap at the same elevation and were intermediate in their hybrids. Flowering periods were delayed in higher elevations and overlapped betweenClandCsin different elevations. Fruiting periods were slightly earlier inCsthan inClbut were largely overlapped. Effective pollinators and seed dispersers were common among the taxa. Changes in the hybrid index from mothers to their embryos were larger in hybrid mothers than inClorCsmothers, indicating mating of hybrids with diverse taxa. InCs, juveniles were more abundant in lower elevations than embryos, indicating downhill seed dispersal. Proportions of hybrids were 19% in embryos, 17% in juveniles and 12% in adults. The findings suggest that the hybrid zone is maintained by interspecific pollination between different elevations, backcrossing with hybrids at similar elevations, vertical seed dispersal and mild selection against hybrids.
Synchronous digital couple and family psychotherapy: a meta‐narrative review
Authors: Helps Sarah , Le Coyte Grinney Marianne 
Published: January 2021

ObjectiveOur objective was to identify, review and synthesise the findings of articles regarding the practice of synchronous digital couple and family psychotherapy over the past three decades.MethodsA meta‐narrative approach was adopted.ResultsThirty‐one papers were identified for inclusion in the review, including nine descriptions of practice and 22 empirical studies.ConclusionsFindings show that practitioners have used synchronous digital technologies in their work over decades. Psychoeducative and cognitive‐behaviourally oriented hybrid, self‐directed synchronous family and couple psychotherapeutic interventions have been found to be feasible, effective with diverse populations, are associated with good user satisfaction, and are found to have similar clinical outcomes to in‐person psychotherapy. Further research is required.Practitioner points

Over the past 30 years there has been increasing interest in utilising new technologies in couple and family psychotherapeutic interventions to improve access to services and to help with a variety of presenting problems

For families and couples, interventions involving web‐based psychoeducative material combined with ‐ often minimal ‐ synchronous therapeutic or coaching input seem feasible, acceptable and effective

More quantitative and qualitative research into digitally mediated couple, family and systemic psychotherapy is required to determine what works, with whom and how it works in practice.
Delivering Group Lifestyle Triple P through digital practice: A case study with Portuguese parents
Authors: Canário Catarina , Abreu‐Lima Isabel , Santos Susana , Silva‐Martins Marco , Campos Joana , Enes Rodrigues Catarina , Tavares Mónica , Mansilha Helena , Torres Sandra , Serra Lemos Marina , Cruz Orlanda 
Published: January 2021

The purpose of the current study was to explore the delivery of the Group Lifestyle Triple P (GLTP) parent group programme through digital practice. Eight mothers of obese children aged 6–11 were recruited from a university hospital. Using a mixed‐methods approach, the study sought to characterise the perceived changes throughout the intervention and explore the outcome measures on children’s BMI z‐score, weight‐related behaviour problems, parents’ self‐efficacy, interparental conflict and parenting styles assessed pre‐ and post‐intervention. Participants identified changes in themselves, in positive parenting, and in their ability to manage children’s nutrition and physical activity, contributing to improve children’s lifestyle behaviours. The clinical results were similar to the findings of studies in which GLTP was delivered in‐person. Delivering GLTP through digital practice seems to be a possible way of implementing the intervention, particularly during the COVID‐19 pandemic.Practitioner points

GLTP sessions’ contents and activities were adapted for digital delivery without compromising the programme’s implementation fidelity.

Parents perceived an increase in positive parenting behaviours and their ability to manage children’s nutrition and physical activity.

The clinical results of the GLTP delivered through digital practice were similar to those of studies in which the programme was delivered in‐person.
Chromosome‐level assembly of southern catfish (silurus meridionalis) provides insights into visual adaptation to nocturnal and benthic lifestyles
Authors: Zheng Shuqing , Shao Feng , Tao Wenjing , Liu Zhilong , Long Juan , Wang Xiaoshuang , Zhang Shuai , Zhao Qingyuan , Carleton Karen L. , Kocher Thomas D. , Jin Li , Wang Zhijian , Peng Zuogang , Wang Deshou , Zhang Yaoguang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe Southern catfish (Silurus meridionalis) is a nocturnal and benthic freshwater fish endemic to the Yangtze River and its tributaries. In this study, we constructed a chromosome‐level draft genome of S. meridionalis using 69.7‐Gb Nanopore long reads and 49.5‐Gb Illumina short reads. The genome assembly was 741.2 Mb in size with a contig N50 of 13.19 Mb. An additional 116.4 Gb of Bionano and 77.4 Gb of Hi‐C data were applied to assemble contigs into scaffolds and further into 29 chromosomes, resulting in a 738.9‐Mb genome with a scaffold N50 of 28.04 Mb. A total of 22,965 protein‐coding genes were predicted from the genome with 22,519 (98.06%) genes functionally annotated. Comparative genomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed a rod‐dominated visual system which was responsible for scotopic vision. The absence of cone opsins SWS1 and SWS2 resulted in the lack of ultraviolet and blue violet sensitivity. Mutations at key amino acid sites of RH1.1, RH1.2 and RH2 resulted in spectral tuning good for dim light vision and narrow colour vision. A higher expression level of rod phototransduction genes than that of cone genes and higher rod‐to‐cone ratio led to higher optical sensitivity under dim light conditions. In addition, analysis of the genes involved in eye morphogenesis and development revealed the loss of some conserved noncoding elements, which might be associated with the small eyes in catfish. Together, our study provides important clues for the adaptation of the catfish visual system to the nocturnal and benthic lifestyles. The draft genome of S. meridionalis represents a valuable resource for studies of the molecular mechanisms of ecological adaptation.
A plant‐derived TRPV3 inhibitor suppresses pain and itch
Authors: Han Yalan , Luo Anna , Kamau Peter Muiruri , Takomthong Pitchayakarn , Hu Jingmei , Boonyarat Chantana , Luo Lei , Lai Ren 
Published: January 2021

Background and PurposeItching is the most frequent pathology in dermatology that has significant impacts on people's mental health and social life. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 3 (TRPV3) channel is a promising target for treating pruritus. However, few selecetive and potent antagonists have been reported. This study was designed to identify selective TRPV3 antagonist and elucidate its anti‐pruritus pharmacology.Experimental ApproachFlexStation and calcium fluorescence imaging were conducted to track the functional compounds. Whole‐cell patch clamp was used to record itch‐related ion channel currents. Homologous recombination and site‐directed mutagenesis were employed to construct TRPV3 channel chimeras and point mutations for exploring pharmacological mechanism. Mouse models were used for in vivo anti‐pruritus assay.Key ResultsAn acridone alkaloid (citrusinine‐II) was purified and characterized from Atalantia monophylla. It directly interacts with Y564 within S4 helix of TRPV3 to selectively inhibit the channel with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 12.43 μM. Citrusinine‐II showed potential efficacy to attenuate both chronic and acute itch. Intradermal administration of citrusinine‐II (143 ng/skin site) nearly completely inhibited itch behaviours. It also shows significant analgesic effects. Little side effects of the compound are observed.Conclusion and ImplicationsBy acting as a selective and potent inhibitor of TRPV3 channel, citrusinine‐II shows valuable therapeutic effects in pruritus animal models and is a promising candidate drug and/or lead molecule for the development of anti‐pruritus drugs.
Oxysterols and retinal degeneration
Authors: Zhang Xun , Alhasani Reem Hasaballah , Zhou Xinzhi , Reilly James , Zeng Zhihong , Strang Niall , Shu Xinhua 
Published: January 2021

Retinal degeneration, characterised by the progressive death of retinal neurons, is the most common cause of visual impairment. Oxysterols are the cholesterol derivatives produced via enzymatic and/or free radical oxidation that regulate cholesterol homeostasis in the retina. Preclinical and clinical studies have suggested a connection between oxysterols and retinal degeneration. Here, we summarise early and recent work related to retina oxysterol‐producing enzymes and the distribution of oxysterols in the retina. We examine the impact of loss of oxysterol‐producing enzymes on retinal pathology and explore the molecular mechanisms associated with the toxic or protective roles of individual oxysterols in different types of retinal degeneration. We conclude that increased efforts to better understand the oxysterol‐associated pathophysiology will help in the development of effective retinal degeneration therapies.LINKED ARTICLESThis article is part of a themed issue on Oxysterols, Lifelong Health and Therapeutics. To view the other articles in this section visithttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v178.16/issuetoc
Beneficial effects of atorvastatin on sex‐specific cognitive impairment induced by a cerebral microhaemorrhage in mice
Authors: Bergeron Sandrine , Barus Romain , Leboullenger Clémence , Auger Florent , Bongiovanni Antonino , Tardivel Meryem , Jonneaux Aurélie , Laloux Charlotte , Potey Camille , Bordet Régis , Chen Yaohua , Gautier Sophie 
Published: January 2021

Background and PurposesCerebral microhaemorrhages (CMHs) are associated with cognitive decline in humans. In rodents, CMHs induces cognitive impairment in male mice along with sex‐specific cortical and hippocampal changes affecting neural, glial and vascular functions. Statins, have been proposed to prevent cognitive decline. We tested here the action of atorvastatin on CMH‐induced cognitive impairment in a murine model of CMH.Experimental ApproachUsing a multimodal approach combining behavioural tests, in vivo imaging, biochemistry and molecular biology, the effects of oral administration of atorvastatin on the sex‐specific changes induced by a cortical CMH were studied in male and female mice (C57BL/6J) at 6‐week post‐induction using a collagenase‐induced model.Key ResultsAtorvastatin caused specific effects according to the sex‐specific CMH‐induced changes. In males, atorvastatin improved the visuospatial memory, induced a local modulation of microglial response and enhanced brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)‐tropomyosin receptor kinase B (trkB) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in the cortex. In the hippocampus, atorvastatin increased glucose metabolism and modulated astrocytes morphology. In females, atorvastatin did not modulate visuospatial memory despite the increased expression of cortical BDNF and the decrease in the number of hippocampal astrocytes. Atorvastatin also induced a decrease in the expression of cortical oestrogen receptors but did not modify body weight nor serum cholesterol levels in both sexes.Conclusion and ImplicationsAtorvastatin modulated the sex‐specific cognitive impairment induced by the CMH with a pathophysiological impact mainly within the cortical area. It could represent a promising candidate for future sex‐stratified clinical trials in patients with CMH.
Association patterns of swollen‐thorn acacias with three ant species and other organisms in a dry forest of Panama
Authors: Amador‐Vargas Sabrina , Orribarra Vivian Sara , Portugal‐Loayza Ana , Fernández‐Marín Hermógenes 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAnts in obligate defense mutualisms with plants protect them against potentially damaging organisms. In the swollen‐thorn acacias, organisms linked to the plant inform about the interaction between the tree and the resident ant colony. Some organisms coexist with the aggressive mutualistic ants: specialized herbivores and organisms using the enemy‐free space. Conversely, trees inhabited by non‐defending ants usually hold a greater load of generalist herbivores and are avoided by organisms looking for the ant protection. We aimed to elucidate the association type between swollen‐thorn acacias (Vachellia collinsii) and the almost unstudiedPseudomyrmex simulansants from Panama. We compared the presence of non‐ant organisms on trees inhabited byP. simulans, a well‐known mutualist (P. spinicola) and a facultative parasite (non‐defending ants;Crematogaster crinosa). We recorded non‐ant organisms (e.g., stem galls, acacia true bugs, spiders) that nest, lay eggs, or live on the trees. Except for stem galls, all other non‐ant organisms were mostly or exclusively found on trees with the mutualists, which is also the most common resident ant.P. simulansis less able to deter galling midges (Cecidomyiidae) thanC. crinosaand even less thanP. spinicola, because trees withP. simulanswere more likely to have galls and in greater densities than onC. crinosa‐trees,and even more than onP. spinicola‐inhabited trees. The mechanism by which the Cecidomyiids occur in greater proportion on trees withP. simulansandC. crinosais still unknown, but the pattern indicates an herbivory specialization or a potentially obligate weaker defender of the swollen‐thorn acacias.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material
The efficacy of a personalised treatment depending on the characteristics of reflux at multichannel intraluminal impedance‐pH monitoring in patients with acid, non‐acid and mixed laryngopharyngeal reflux
Authors: Lechien Jérôme R. , Bobin Francois , Muls Vinciane , Mouawad Francois , Dequanter Didier , Horoi Mihaela , Thill Marie‐Paule , Rodriguez Ruiz Alexandra , Saussez Sven 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the evolution of symptoms and findings of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) patients according to the type of reflux (acid, non‐acid, mixed and gastro‐oesophageal (GERD)).DesignProspective uncontrolled multicentre study.MethodsOne hundred and six patients with LPR have been recruited from 3 European Hospitals. According to the reflux characteristics at the impedance‐pH monitoring (acid, non‐acid, mixed, GERD), patients received a personalised treatment based on the association of diet, pantoprazole, alginate or magaldrate for 3 months. Reflux Symptom Score (RSS) was assessed at baseline, 6 and 12 weeks post‐treatment. Reflux Sign Assessment (RSA) has been used to rate laryngeal and extra‐laryngeal findings at baseline and 12 weeks post‐treatment. Overall success rate and the evolution of symptoms and findings were evaluated according to the LPR types.ResultsOne hundred and two LPR patients (42 acid, 33 non‐acid, 27 mixed, including 49 with LPR and GERD) completed the study. RSS and RSA total scores significantly improved from baseline to post‐treatment time in acid, mixed and non‐acid groups. The presence of GERD in addition to LPR did not impact the clinical improvement. The 3‐month success rates of treatment ranged from 62% to 64%, and there were no significant differences between groups. The success rate of patients with non‐acid LPR was similar to those of patients with mixed and acid LPR.ConclusionMII‐pH is useful to specify the type of LPR and the related most adequate therapeutic regimen. Non‐acid or mixed LPR similarly respond to treatment than acid LPR but require a treatment based on alginate or magaldrate covering the non‐acid proximal reflux events.
Long‐term outcomes of children with drug‐resistant epilepsy across multiple cognitive domains
Authors: Puka Klajdi , Smith Mary Lou 
Published: January 2021

AimTo simultaneously evaluate long‐term outcomes of children with drug‐resistant epilepsy (DRE) across multiple cognitive domains and compare the characteristics of participants sharing a similar cognitive profile.MethodParticipants were adolescents and young adults (AYAs) diagnosed with DRE in childhood, who completed a comprehensive neuropsychological battery evaluating intelligence, memory, academic, and language skills at the time of surgical candidacy evaluation and at long‐term follow‐up (4–11y later). Hierarchical k‐means clustering identified subgroups of AYAs showing a unique pattern of cognitive functioning in the long‐term.ResultsParticipants (n=93; mean age 20y 1mo [standard deviation {SD} 4y 6mo]; 36% male) were followed for 7 years (SD 2y 4mo), of whom 65% had undergone resective epilepsy surgery. Two subgroups with unique patterns of cognitive functioning were identified, which could be broadly categorized as ‘impaired cognition’ (45% of the sample) and ‘average cognition’ (55% of the sample); the mean z‐score across cognitive measures at follow‐up was −1.86 (SD 0.62) and −0.23 (SD 0.54) respectively. Surgical and non‐surgical patients were similar with respect to seizure control and their long‐term cognitive profile. AYAs in the average cognition cluster were more likely to have better cognition at baseline, an older age at epilepsy onset, and better seizure control at follow‐up.InterpretationThe underlying abnormal neural substrate and seizure control were largely associated with long‐term outcomes across cognitive domains.What this paper adds

Subgroups of adolescents and young adults that shared a similar pattern of cognitive functioning were identified.

Long‐term cognitive profiles were similar for surgical and non‐surgical patients.

Cognitive profiles were associated with baseline cognition, age at epilepsy onset, and seizure control.
Impact of polyvascular disease with and without co‐existent kidney dysfunction on cardiovascular outcomes in diabetes: A post hoc analysis of EMPA‐REG OUTCOME
Authors: Verma Subodh , Mazer C. David , Inzucchi Silvio E. , Wanner Christoph , Ofstad Anne Pernille , Johansen Odd Erik , Zwiener Isabella , George Jyothis T. , Butler Javed , Zinman Bernard 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimTo determine the relationship between polyvascular disease and risk of hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) and cardiovascular (CV) death in the EMPA‐REG OUTCOME population, and the relationship of kidney dysfunction co‐existent with polyvascular disease on CV/heart failure (HF) outcomes.Materials and MethodsPatients with type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic CV (ASCVD) received empagliflozin 10, 25 mg or placebo. Post hoc, subgroups were analyzed by one versus two or more vascular beds, and the estimated glomerular filtration rate ([eGFR] < vs. ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2) at baseline. The empagliflozin arms were pooled. Time to CV death, HHF, CV death (excluding fatal stroke) or HHF, all‐cause mortality (ACM) and 3‐point major adverse CV events (3P‐MACE) were assessed using multivariable Cox regression models.ResultsBaseline characteristics (N = 6959) within subgroups were balanced between treatment groups. In the placebo group, two or more versus one vascular bed increased HHF risk (1.59 [95% confidence interval 1.02, 2.49]), CV death (2.17 [1.52, 3.09]), CV death/HHF (1.79 [1.32, 2.43]), ACM (1.95 [1.44, 2.64]) and 3P‐MACE (1.76 [1.36, 2.27]). Hazard ratios for those with polyvascular disease/kidney dysfunction (vs. 1 vascular bed/eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2) were HHF 2.80 (1.46, 5.36), CV death 3.10 (1.87, 5.13), CV death/HHF 2.71 (1.74, 4.23), ACM 2.59 (1.67, 4.02) and 3P‐MACE 2.62 (1.82, 3.77). Empagliflozin reduced the risk of all outcomes across subgroups.ConclusionsPolyvascular disease with/without kidney dysfunction markedly increases the risk of HF/CV events. Empagliflozin consistently reduces risk, regardless of vascular bed and kidney function status.
Effects of pro‐depressant and immunomodulatory drugs on biases in decision‐making in the rat judgement bias task
Authors: Hales Claire A. , Bartlett Julia M. , Arban Roberto , Hengerer Bastian , Robinson Emma S. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractStudies in human and non‐human species suggest that decision‐making behaviour can be biased by an affective state, also termed an affective bias. To study these behaviours in non‐human species, judgement bias tasks (JBT) have been developed. Animals are trained to associate specific cues (tones) with a positive or negative/less positive outcome. Animals are then presented with intermediate ambiguous cues and affective biases quantified by observing whether animals make more optimistic or more pessimistic choices. Here we use a high versus low reward JBT and test whether pharmacologically distinct compounds, which induce negative biases in learning and memory, have similar effects on decision‐making: tetrabenazine (0.0–1.0 mg/kg), retinoic acid (0.0–10.0 mg/kg), and rimonabant (0.0–10.0 mg/kg). We also tested immunomodulatory compounds: interferon‐α (0–100 units/kg), lipopolysaccharide (0.0–10.0 μg/kg), and corticosterone (0.0–10.0 mg/kg). We observed no specific effects in the JBT with any acute treatment except corticosterone which induced a negative bias. We have previously observed a similar lack of effect with acute but not chronic psychosocial stress and so next tested decision‐making behaviour following chronic interferon‐alpha. Animals developed a negative bias which was sustained even after treatment was ended. These data suggest that decision‐making behaviour in the task is sensitive to chronic but not acute effects of most pro‐depressant drugs or immunomodulators, but the exogenous administration of acute corticosterone induces pessimistic behaviour. This work supports our hypothesis that biases in decision‐making develop over a different temporal scale to those seen with learning and memory which may be relevant in the development and perpetuation of mood disorders.