bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An echocardiographic finding mimicking tricuspid atresia in a neonate with dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Takajo Daiji , Gupta Pooja , Aggarwal Sanjeev 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe report a neonate with dilated cardiomyopathy and have echocardiographic findings consistent with “functional” tricuspid atresia. There was an echo-bright, plate-like tissue at the tricuspid valve position with no forward flow across it. This report underscores the role of right ventricle intracavitary haemodynamic influence on the tricuspid valve leaflet excursion and demonstrates a phenomenon of “pseudo or functional tricuspid atresia” mimicking tricuspid atresia in a patient with acute presentation of cardiomyopathy.
The use of a second language enhances the neural efficiency of inhibitory control: An ERP study
Authors: Kałamała Patrycja , Walther Jonas , Zhang Haoyun , Diaz Michele , Senderecka Magdalena , Wodniecka Zofia 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This study investigated how natural language use influences inhibition in language-unbalanced bilinguals. We experimentally induced natural patterns of language use (as proposed by the Adaptive Control Hypothesis) and assessed their cognitive after-effects in a group of 32 Polish–English bilinguals. Each participant took part in a series of three language games involving real conversation. Each game was followed by two inhibition tasks (stop-signal task and Stroop task). The manipulation of language use in the form of language games did not affect the behavioural measures, but it did affect ERPs. Performance of the inhibition tasks was accompanied by a reduction of P3 and the N450 amplitude differences after games involving the use of L2. The ERP modulations suggest that for bilinguals living in an L1 context the use of L2 enhances neural mechanisms related to inhibition. The study provides the first evidence for a direct influence of natural language use on inhibition.
School meals consumption is associated with a better diet quality of Brazilian adolescents: results from the PeNSE 2015 survey
Authors: Boklis-Berer Mirena , Rauber Fernanda , Azeredo Catarina Machado , Levy Renata Bertazzi , Louzada Maria Laura da Costa 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjective:To assess the association between the consumption of school meals offered by the National School Feeding Program (PNAE, in the Portuguese acronym) and the diet quality of adolescents aged 11 to 19 years from Brazilian public schools.Design:Cross-sectional.Setting:Public schools in Brazil.Participants:A sample of 12 260 adolescents aged 11 to 19 years from 2015 National School Health Survey. High consumption of PNAE school meals were considered when the adolescents consumed school meals 5 d/week. Food consumption data were obtained from a 7-d FFQ and converted into three diet quality assessment scores, namely (1) consumption of healthy foods; (2) consumption of unhealthy foods and (3) overall diet quality. Crude and adjusted linear regression models were used to test the association between high consumption to school meals (daily consumption) and each diet quality score.Results:More than one-fifth of the adolescents (21·5 %) reported high consumption of school meals. High consumption of school meals was directly associated with the score of the overall diet quality (adjusted coefficient = 0·18; 95 % CI 0·07, 0·30) and healthy food consumption (adjusted coefficient = 0·42; 95 % CI 0·26, 0·57), and inversely associated with the unhealthy food consumption score (adjusted coefficient = −0·23; 95 % CI −0·35, −0·10).Conclusion:Our results showed that the consumption of PNAE meals may contribute to healthy eating promotion in Brazil.
Morphological Features of the Testis among Autoimmune Mouse Model and Healthy Strains
Authors: Shouman Zeinab , Marei Hany E. , Abd-Elmaksoud Ahmed , Kassab Mohamed , Namba Takashi , Masum Md. Abdul , Elewa Yaser Hosny Ali , Ichii Osamu , Kon Yasuhiro 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAutoimmune diseases play a critical role in the progression of infertility in both sexes and their severity has been reported to increase with age. However, few reports have discussed their effect on the morphological features of the testis. Therefore, we compared the morphological alterations in the testes of autoimmune model mice (MRL/MpJ-Faslpr) and the control strain (MRL/MpJ) with those of their background strain (C57BL/6N) at 3 and 6 months. Furthermore, we analyzed the changes in spermatocytes, Sertoli cells, immune cells, and Zonula occludens-1 junctional protein by immunohistochemical staining. The MRL/MpJ-Faslpr mice showed a significant increase in the serum Anti-double stranded DNA antibody level, relative spleen weight, and seminiferous luminal area when compared with other studied two strains. In contrast, a significant decrease in the relative testis weight, and numbers of both Sertoli, meiotic spermatocyte was observed in MRL/MpJ-Faslpr and MRL/MpJ mice compared with C57BL/6N mice especially at 6 months. Similarly, Zonula occludens-1 junctional protein positive cells showed a significant decrease in the same strains at 6 months. However, no immune cell infiltration could be observed among the studied three strains. Our findings suggest that the increase in autoimmune severity especially with age could lead to infertility through loss of spermatogenic and Sertoli cells, rather than the disturbance of the blood–testis barrier.
An Improved Ocean Surface Albedo Computational Scheme: Structure and Performance
Authors: Wei Jian , Ren Tong , Yang Ping , DiMarco Steven F. , Mlawer Eli 
Published: August 2021

AbstractOcean surface albedo (OSA) is an important factor for the transfer of radiation in the coupled atmosphere‐ocean system. By resolving the spectral variations of the reflective properties for incident direct and diffuse solar radiation, we develop an OSA computational scheme to study the impact of ocean biogeochemistry on the air‐sea boundary condition of solar radiative transfer in the atmosphere. The new scheme is implemented for the General Circulation Model applications of the shortwave rapid radiative transfer model RRTMG_SW, a radiative transfer model used extensively in regional and global models. We show that a number of OSA schemes lead to underestimated results in comparison with in‐situ measurements obtained at a site 25 km east of Virginia Beach. The scheme developed in this study considers multiple influential factors and is robust in terms of the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and the root mean square error in comparison with in‐situ measurements. Furthermore, the new simulations are highly consistent with the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) OSA distribution on a global scale. However, the theoretical results show slight differences compared with the CERES OSA under all sky conditions and overestimate the OSA in the subpolar Southern Ocean under clear sky conditions. The assumption of a uniform phase function, which neglects the spatial variability of the optical properties of oceanic particles, is largely responsible for the primary source of uncertainties in an OSA scheme.
Comprehensive Evaluations on the Error Characteristics of the State‐of‐the‐Art Gridded Precipitation Products Over Jiangxi Province in 2019
Authors: Hong Tulin , Li Hongyi , Chen Meiqiu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAccurate knowledge of the precipitation estimates with high quality and fine spatiotemporal resolutions is crucial to the precipitation science communities, especially over poorly gauged regions. In this study, we apply various validation metrics to comprehensively evaluate three latest model‐based and satellite‐based precipitation products, namely the fifth‐generation global atmospheric analysis data set of the European Center for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) (ERA5), ERA5‐Land and Integrated Multi‐satellitE Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (IMERG) Final Run (IMERG‐Final), against hourly rain gauge observations over Jiangxi province, south central China, in 2019. The main conclusions of this study include but not limited to: (a) considering the precipitation amount, both reanalysis precipitation data and satellite‐based precipitation products have similar spatial patterns and show overestimations; (b) IMERG‐Final generally outperforms ERA5 and ERA5‐Land at multiple temporal scales, especially in terms of CC, FAR and MFI; (c) ERA5 and ERA5‐Land precipitation products have similar spatiotemporal error characteristics, and ERA5‐Land performs better than ERA5; (d) in the respect of the capabilities of capturing precipitation events, the spatial characteristics of IMERG‐Final are the closest to those of rain gauges, while ERA5 and ERA5‐Land significantly overestimate the event duration and underestimate the mean event precipitation rate. These findings could help the state‐of‐the‐art model‐based and satellite‐based precipitation products improve the data quality in the future generations.
Comparison of Conventional and Constrained Variational Methods for Computing Large‐Scale Budgets and Forcing Fields
Authors: Ciesielski Paul E. , Johnson Richard H. , Tang Shuaiqi , Zhang Yunyan , Xie Shaocheng 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAnalyses of atmospheric heat and moisture budgets serve as an effective tool to study convective characteristics over a region and to provide large‐scale forcing fields for various modeling applications. This paper examines two popular methods for computing large‐scale atmospheric budgets: the conventional budget method (CBM) using objectively gridded analyses based primarily on radiosonde data and the constrained variational analysis (CVA) approach which supplements vertical profiles of atmospheric fields with measurements at the top of the atmosphere and at the surface to conserve mass, water, energy, and momentum. Successful budget computations are dependent on accurate sampling and analyses of the thermodynamic state of the atmosphere and the divergence field associated with convection and the large‐scale circulation that influences it. Utilizing analyses generated from data taken during Dynamics of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (DYNAMO) field campaign conducted over the central Indian Ocean from October to December 2011, we evaluate the merits of these budget approaches and examine their limitations. While many of the shortcomings of the CBM, in particular effects of sampling errors in sounding data, are effectively minimized with CVA, accurate large‐scale diagnostics in CVA are dependent on reliable background fields and rainfall constraints. For the DYNAMO analyses examined, the operational model fields used as the CVA background state provided wind fields that accurately resolved the vertical structure of convection in the vicinity of Gan Island. However, biases in the model thermodynamic fields were somewhat amplified in CVA resulting in a convective environment much weaker than observed.
Contrasting Impacts of a Hotter and Drier Future on Streamflow and Catchment Scale Sediment Flux in the High Andes
Authors: Slosson J. R. , Kelleher C. , Hoke G. D. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFluvial sediment transport in high mountain regions is uniquely sensitive to changes in hydroclimate that alter the timing and magnitude of streamflow contributions from snowmelt, glaciers, and other cryoforms. In the high Andes of Argentina and Chile, mountain river systems serve millions of people in foothill communities and large metropolitan areas alike, yet these same rivers can also carry high sediment loads that compromise water quality and infrastructure. Regional climate predictions are also increasingly forecasting a warmer and drier future that is likely to alter hydrologic regimes and sediment transport dynamics. In this study, we use hydrologic modeling techniques and sediment rating curves compiled from historical data to propagate a suite of endmember climate projections to estimate changes in streamflow and consequent impacts on catchment‐scale sediment transport on both the Argentine and Chilean sides of the high Andes. Our results show reductions in streamflow of up to 57% under scenarios with reduced precipitation and even larger decreases in sediment flux, while outcomes under a warming scenario with no changes to precipitation were highly variable. Our results further show that high winter streamflow events may increase in magnitude in Chile while mountain communities in Argentina may increasingly face water shortages. These results indicate that different adaptation and mitigation strategies may be needed on either side of the Andes in response to a changing hydroclimate.
Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment of the SET HASDM Database
Authors: Licata Richard J. , Mehta Piyush M. , Tobiska W. Kent , Bowman Bruce R. , Pilinski Marcin D. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe High Accuracy Satellite Drag Model (HASDM) is the operational thermospheric density model used by the US Space Force Combined Space Operations Center. By using real‐time data assimilation, HASDM can provide density estimates with increased accuracy over other empirical models. With historical HASDM density data being released publicly for the first time, we can analyze the data to compare dominant modes of variability in the upper atmosphere as modeled by HASDM and the Jacchia‐Bowman 2008 Empirical Thermospheric Density Model (JB2008), a Jacchia family model upon which density corrections are made as a part of the HASDM framework. This model comparison is conducted through the use of principal component analysis (PCA) which shows the increased variability of the HASDM dataset. We highlight HASDM's ability to capture the movement of lighter species during solar minimum conditions, unlike many empirical models. We then compare density from both models to the CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP) and Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) accelerometer‐derived density estimates. This comparison shows that HASDM more closely matches the accelerometer‐derived densities with mean absolute differences of compared to CHAMP and GRACE‐A, respectively. The comparison also reveals improved representation of cooling mechanisms due to NO and CO2 by the HASDM database.
Precision genetic cellular models identify therapies protective against ER stress
Authors: Lebedeva Irina V. , Wagner Michelle V. , Sahdeo Sunil , Lu Yi-Fan , Anyanwu-Ofili Anuli , Harms Matthew B. , Wadia Jehangir S. , Rajagopal Gunaretnam , Boland Michael J. , Goldstein David B. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractRare monogenic disorders often share molecular etiologies involved in the pathogenesis of common diseases. Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) and deglycosylation (CDDG) are rare pediatric disorders with symptoms that range from mild to life threatening. A biological mechanism shared among CDG and CDDG as well as more common neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, is endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. We developed isogenic human cellular models of two types of CDG and the only known CDDG to discover drugs that can alleviate ER stress. Systematic phenotyping confirmed ER stress and identified elevated autophagy among other phenotypes in each model. We screened 1049 compounds and scored their ability to correct aberrant morphology in each model using an agnostic cell-painting assay based on >300 cellular features. This primary screen identified multiple compounds able to correct morphological phenotypes. Independent validation shows they also correct cellular phenotypes and alleviate each of the ER stress markers identified in each model. Many of the active compounds are associated with microtubule dynamics, which points to new therapeutic opportunities for both rare and more common disorders presenting with ER stress, such as Alzheimer’s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Design of peptides with strong binding affinity to poly(methyl methacrylate) resin by use of molecular simulation-based materials informatics
Authors: Iwasaki Tomio , Maruyama Masashi , Niwa Tatsuya , Sawada Toshiki , Serizawa Takeshi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPeptides with strong binding affinities for poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) resin were designed by use of materials informatics technology based on molecular dynamics simulation for the purpose of covering the resin surface with adhesive peptides, which were expected to result in eco-friendly and biocompatible biomaterials. From the results of binding affinity obtained with this molecular simulation, it was confirmed that experimental values could be predicted with errors <10%. By analyzing the simulation data with the response-surface method, we found that three peptides (RWWRPWW, EWWRPWR, and RWWRPWR), which consist of arginine (R), tryptophan (W), and proline (P), have strong binding affinity to the PMMA resin. These amino acids were effective because arginine and tryptophan have strong binding affinities for methoxycarbonyl groups and methyl groups, which are the main constituents of the PMMA resin, and proline stabilizes the flat zigzag structures of the peptides in water. The strong binding affinities of the three peptides were confirmed by experiments (surface plasmon resonance methods).
Microfluidic device with brain extracellular matrix promotes structural and functional maturation of human brain organoids
Authors: Cho Ann-Na , Jin Yoonhee , An Yeonjoo , Kim Jin , Choi Yi Sun , Lee Jung Seung , Kim Junghoon , Choi Won-Young , Koo Dong-Jun , Yu Weonjin , Chang Gyeong-Eon , Kim Dong-Yoon , Jo Sung-Hyun , Kim Jihun , Kim Sung-Yon , Kim Yun-Gon , Kim Ju Young , Choi Nakwon , Cheong Eunji , Kim Young-Joon , Je Hyunsoo Shawn , Kang Hoon-Chul , Cho Seung-Woo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBrain organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells provide a highly valuable in vitro model to recapitulate human brain development and neurological diseases. However, the current systems for brain organoid culture require further improvement for the reliable production of high-quality organoids. Here, we demonstrate two engineering elements to improve human brain organoid culture, (1) a human brain extracellular matrix to provide brain-specific cues and (2) a microfluidic device with periodic flow to improve the survival and reduce the variability of organoids. A three-dimensional culture modified with brain extracellular matrix significantly enhanced neurogenesis in developing brain organoids from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Cortical layer development, volumetric augmentation, and electrophysiological function of human brain organoids were further improved in a reproducible manner by dynamic culture in microfluidic chamber devices. Our engineering concept of reconstituting brain-mimetic microenvironments facilitates the development of a reliable culture platform for brain organoids, enabling effective modeling and drug development for human brain diseases.
An extended reconstruction of human gut microbiota metabolism of dietary compounds
Authors: Blasco Telmo , Pérez-Burillo Sergio , Balzerani Francesco , Hinojosa-Nogueira Daniel , Lerma-Aguilera Alberto , Pastoriza Silvia , Cendoya Xabier , Rubio Ángel , Gosalbes María José , Jiménez-Hernández Nuria , Pilar Francino M. , Apaolaza Iñigo , Rufián-Henares José Ángel , Planes Francisco J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUnderstanding how diet and gut microbiota interact in the context of human health is a key question in personalized nutrition. Genome-scale metabolic networks and constraint-based modeling approaches are promising to systematically address this complex problem. However, when applied to nutritional questions, a major issue in existing reconstructions is the limited information about compounds in the diet that are metabolized by the gut microbiota. Here, we present AGREDA, an extended reconstruction of diet metabolism in the human gut microbiota. AGREDA adds the degradation pathways of 209 compounds present in the human diet, mainly phenolic compounds, a family of metabolites highly relevant for human health and nutrition. We show that AGREDA outperforms existing reconstructions in predicting diet-specific output metabolites from the gut microbiota. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing data of faecal samples from Spanish children representing different clinical conditions, we illustrate the potential of AGREDA to establish relevant metabolic interactions between diet and gut microbiota.
Characterization of a triad of genes in cyanophage S-2L sufficient to replace adenine by 2-aminoadenine in bacterial DNA
Authors: Czernecki Dariusz , Bonhomme Frédéric , Kaminski Pierre-Alexandre , Delarue Marc 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCyanophage S-2L is known to profoundly alter the biophysical properties of its DNA by replacing all adenines (A) with 2-aminoadenines (Z), which still pair with thymines but with a triple hydrogen bond. It was recently demonstrated that a homologue of adenylosuccinate synthetase (PurZ) and a dATP triphosphohydrolase (DatZ) are two important pieces of the metabolism of 2-aminoadenine, participating in the synthesis of ZTGC-DNA. Here, we determine that S-2L PurZ can use either dATP or ATP as a source of energy, thereby also depleting the pool of nucleotides in dATP. Furthermore, we identify a conserved gene (mazZ) located between purZ and datZ genes in S-2L and related phage genomes. We show that it encodes a (d)GTP-specific diphosphohydrolase, thereby providing the substrate of PurZ in the 2-aminoadenine synthesis pathway. High-resolution crystal structures of S-2L PurZ and MazZ with their respective substrates provide a rationale for their specificities. The Z-cluster made of these three genes – datZ, mazZ and purZ – was expressed in E. coli, resulting in a successful incorporation of 2-aminoadenine in the bacterial chromosomal and plasmidic DNA. This work opens the possibility to study synthetic organisms containing ZTGC-DNA.
Filming ultrafast roaming-mediated isomerization of bismuth triiodide in solution
Authors: Choi Eun Hyuk , Kim Jong Goo , Kim Jungmin , Ki Hosung , Lee Yunbeom , Lee Seonggon , Yoon Kihwan , Kim Joonghan , Kim Jeongho , Ihee Hyotcherl 
Published: August 2021

AbstractRoaming reaction, defined as a reaction yielding products via reorientational motion in the long-range region (3 – 8 Å) of the potential, is a relatively recently proposed reaction pathway and is now regarded as a universal mechanism that can explain the unimolecular dissociation and isomerization of various molecules. The structural movements of the partially dissociated fragments originating from the frustrated bond fission at the onset of roaming, however, have been explored mostly via theoretical simulations and rarely observed experimentally. Here, we report an investigation of the structural dynamics during a roaming-mediated isomerization reaction of bismuth triiodide (BiI3) in acetonitrile solution using femtosecond time-resolved x-ray liquidography. Structural analysis of the data visualizes the atomic movements during the roaming-mediated isomerization process including the opening of the Bi-Ib-Ic angle and the closing of Ia-Bi-Ib-Ic dihedral angle, each by ~40°, as well as the shortening of the Ib···Ic distance, following the frustrated bond fission.