bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flow-Induced Vibrations of a Rotated Square Tube Array Subjected to Single-Phase Cross-Flow
Authors: Darwish Sameh , Hadji Abdallah , Pham H. P. , Mureithi Njuki , Cho Minki 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper investigates the flow-induced vibration (FIV) and possibility of fluidelastic instability occurrence in a rotated square geometry tube array through a series of experimental tests. All experiments presented here were conducted in water cross-flow. The array's pitch spacing ratio of approximately P/D = 1.64 is somewhat larger than that commonly found in typical steam generators. The stability of a single flexible tube as well as multiple flexible tubes was investigated. The tubes were free to vibrate purely in the streamwise direction or the transverse direction relative to the upstream flow. A single flexible tube, in the otherwise rigid tube array, was found to undergo large amplitude vibrations (up to 40% D) in the transverse direction. Tube vibration frequency analysis indicated the presence of two frequency components related to vorticity shedding in the array. This potential vorticity-induced vibration (VIV) and potential coupling between VIV and fluidelastic instability (FEI) are discussed in the paper. Test results for streamwise flow-induced vibrations are also presented. Results in water flow show a possible effect related to flow periodicity at low velocity. At significantly high flow velocities, the tubes are found to fully restabilize. This restabilization after VIV locking has not been previously reported as an unlocking result. The present results suggest that the flow-induced vibration of tubes in a rotated square array configuration is significantly more complex than in other geometries, particularly for the streamwise vibration case.
Efficiency Scaling: Influence of Reynolds and Mach Numbers on Fan Performance
Authors: Pelz Peter F. , Saul Sebastian , Brötz Johannes 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The efficiency, pressure ratio, and shaft power of a fan depends on type, size, working medium, and operating condition. For acceptance tests, a dissimilarity in Reynolds number, Mach number, relative roughness, and relative blade tip clearance of the scaled model and prototype is unavoidable. Hence, the efficiency differs between model and prototype. This difference is quantified by scaling methods. This article presents a validated and physics based, i.e., reliable scaling method for the efficiency, pressure ratio, and shaft power of axial and centrifugal fans operating at subsonic conditions. The method is validated using test results gained on standardized test rigs for different fan types, sizes, and operating conditions. For all scenarios, the presented scaling method provides a much reduced scaling uncertainty compared to the reference method described in ISO 13348.
Dr. Richard C. Nelson: The Penn State Biomechanics Laboratory and Its Impact on My Career
Authors: Walton James S. 
Published: December 2021

In 1967, as an undergraduate gymnast, I developed an interest in the mechanics of twisting somersaults. In 1969, after expressing a desire to measure and model human motion in a doctoral program, I was advised that Dr Richard “Dick” Nelson was starting a unique program in biomechanics of sport at Penn State University. In September 1970, I was the fourth or fifth doctoral student to join the new program. In 1972, I photographed a cluster of 18 golf balls hung from a 4′ × 8′ sheet of plywood in Dick’s new biomechanics laboratory. The question: “Could I create a 3-dimensional scale that would allow me to locate these golf balls in 3 dimensions?” From these early beginnings, I went on to develop the mathematical foundation for “motion capture” and a career as an entrepreneur and scientist working in a very wide variety of industrial environments in the United States and abroad. Much of my success can be traced back to the 4 years I spent on the Penn State campus. Dick’s efforts in the late 60s and his persistence in the early 70s, and later, were instrumental in creating a new discipline: “Biomechanics of Sport.” Dick: Thank you.
Effect of Composition and Structure of Metal Oxide Composites Nanostructured on Their Conductive and Sensory Properties
Authors: Gerasimov G. N. , Gromov V. F. , Ikim M. I. , Trakhtenberg L. I. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The relationship between the structure and properties of nanoscale conductometric sensors based on binary mixtures of metal oxides in the detection of reducing gases in the environment is considered. The sensory effect in such systems is determined by the chemisorption of oxygen molecules and the detected gas on the surface of metal oxide catalytically active particles, the transfer of the reaction products to electron-rich nanoparticles, and subsequent reactions. Particular attention is paid to the doping of nanoparticles of the sensitive layer. In particular, the effect of doping on the concentration of oxygen vacancies, the activity of oxygen centers, and the adsorption properties of nanoparticles is discussed. In addition, the role of heterogeneous contacts is analyzed.
A Hard Sphere Model for Bimolecular Recombination of Heavy Ions
Authors: Azriel’ V. M. , Akimov V. M. , Ermolova E. V. , Kabanov D. B. , Kolesnikova L. I. , Rusin L. Yu. , Sevryuk M. B. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We propose a hard sphere model of bimolecular recombination RM+ + X– → MX + R, where M+ is an alkali ion, X– is a halide ion, and R is a neutral rare gas or mercury atom. Calculations are carried out for M+ = Cs+, X– = Br–, R = Ar, Kr, Xe, Hg, for collision energies in the range from 1 to 10 eV, and for distributions of the RM+ complex internal energy corresponding to temperatures of 500, 1000, and 2000 K. The excitation functions and opacity functions of bimolecular recombination in the hard sphere approximation are found, and the classification of the collisions according to the sequences of pairwise encounters of the particles is considered. In more than half of all the cases, recombination occurs due to a single impact of the Br– ion with the R atom. For the recombination XeCs+ + Br–, the hard sphere model enables one to reproduce the most important characteristics of the collision energy dependence of the recombination probability obtained within the framework of quasiclassical trajectory calculations.
Driving restrictions following deep brain stimulation surgery
Authors: Charmley Andrew Roy , Kimber Thomas , Mahant Neil , Lehn Alexander 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundThere are currently no Australian guidelines to assist clinicians performing deep brain stimulation (DBS) procedures in setting postoperative driving restrictions.PurposeWe aimed to provide recommendations for post-DBS driving restrictions to guide practice in Australia.MethodsA review of current Australian and international driving guidelines, literature regarding the adverse effects of DBS and literature regarding the long-term effect of neurostimulation on driving was conducted using Elton B Stephens Company discovery service-linked databases. Australian neurologists and neurosurgeons who perform DBS were surveyed to gain insight into existing practice.ResultsNo guidance on driving restrictions following DBS surgery was found, either in existing driving guidelines or in the literature. There was a wide difference seen in the rates of reported adverse effects from DBS surgery. The most serious adverse events (haemorrhage, seizure and neurological dysfunction) were uncommon. Longer term, there does not appear to be any adverse effect of DBS on driving ability. Survey of Australian practitioners revealed a universal acceptance of the need for and use of driving restrictions after DBS but significant heterogeneity in how return to driving is managed.ConclusionWe propose a 6-week driving restriction for private licences and 6-month driving restriction for commercial licences in uncomplicated DBS. We also highlight some of the potential pitfalls and pearls to assist clinicians to modify these recommendations where needed. Ultimately, we hope this will stimulate further examination of this issue in research and by regulatory bodies to provide more robust direction for practitioners performing DBS implantation.
Collaborative Heart Attack Management Program (CHAMP): use of prehospital thrombolytics to improve timeliness of STEMI management in British Columbia
Authors: Guy Andrew , Gabers Nicki , Crisfield Chase , Helmer Jennie , Peterson Shaylee C , Ganstal Anders , Harper Caryl , Gibson Ross , Dhesi Sumandeep 
Published: December 2021

Coronary artery disease is the second leading cause of death in Canada. Time to treatment in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is directly related to morbidity and mortality. Thrombolysis is the primary treatment for STEMI in many regions of Canada because of prolonged transport times to percutaneous coronary intervention-capable centres. To reduce time from first medical contact (FMC) to thrombolysis, some emergency medical services (EMS) systems have implemented prehospital thrombolysis (PHT). PHT is not a novel concept and has a strong evidence base showing reduced mortality.Here, we describe a quality improvement initiative to decrease time from FMC to thrombolysis using PHT and aim to describe our methods and challenges during implementation. We used a quality improvement framework to collaborate with hospitals, EMS, cardiology, emergency medicine and other stakeholders during implementation. We trained advanced care paramedics to administer thrombolysis in STEMI with remote cardiologist support and aimed to achieve a guideline-recommended median FMC to needle time of <30 min in 80% of patients.Overall, we reduced our median FMC to needle time by 70%. Our baseline patients undergoing in-hospital thrombolysis had a median time of 84 min (IQR 62–116 min), while patients after implementation of PHT had a median time of 25 min (IQR 23–39 min). Patients treated within the guideline-recommended time from FMC to needle of <30 min increased from 0% at baseline to 61% with PHT. Return on investment analysis showed $2.80 saved in acute care costs for every $1.00 spent on the intervention.While we did not achieve our goal of 80% compliance with FMC to needle time of <30 min, our results show that the intervention substantially reduced the FMC to needle time and overall cost. We plan to continue with ongoing implementation of PHT through expansion to other communities in our province.
Observable player behaviours and playing performance following helmet strikes in elite cricket
Authors: O'Halloran Patrick , Goggins Luke , Peirce Nicholas 
Published: December 2021

ObjectivesInvestigate the observable player behaviours and features of both concussive (HS-C) and non-concussive (HS-NC) helmet strikes and describe their impact on playing performance.MethodsElite male cricketers sustaining helmet strikes between the 2016 and 2018 seasons were identified by the England and Wales Cricket Board. Medical records identified players sustaining a concussion and those in whom concussion was excluded. Retrospective cohort analysis was performed on batting and bowling performance data available for these players in the 2 years prior to and 3 months post helmet strike. Video analysis of available incidents was conducted to describe the characteristics of the helmet strike and subsequent observable player behaviours. The HS-C and HS-NC cohorts were compared.ResultsData were available for 194 helmet strikes. 56 (29%) resulted in concussion. No significant differences were seen in playing performance in the 3 months post concussive helmet strike. However, a significant decline in batting performance was seen in this period in the HS-NC group (p<0.001).Video features signifying motor incoordination were most useful in identifying concussion post helmet strike, however, typical features suggesting transient loss of consciousness were not seen. Features such as a longer duration pause prior to the batsman resuming play and the level of concern shown by other players were also useful features.ConclusionHS-NC may be more significant for player performance than previously thought. Guidance for using video replay to identify concussion in cricket may need to be modified when compared with other field sports.
Discovery of NEU1 as a candidate renal biomarker for proliferative lupus nephritis chronicity
Authors: Mao Zhaomin , Tan Ying , Yu Feng , Zhao Minghui 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveProteomic approach was applied to identify candidate biomarkers of chronicity in patients with proliferative lupus nephritis (LN), and their clinicopathological significance and prognostic values were investigated.MethodsThis study recruited 10 patients with proliferative LN and 6 normal controls (NCs) with proteomic data to compare protein expression profiles, 58 patients with proliferative LN and 10 NCs to verify proteomic data by immunohistochemistry, and 14 patients with proliferative LN with urine samples to evaluate the urinary expression of the biomarker by western blot assay. The composite endpoints included end-stage renal disease and ≥50% reduction from baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).ResultsProteomics detected 48 proteins upregulated in the group with chronicity index (CI) ≥1 compared with the CI=0 and NC groups. Further pathway analysis was enriched in ‘other glycan degradation’. Neuraminidase 1 (NEU1), the most predominant protein in the pathway of other glycan degradation, was highly expressed in the kidney of patients with proliferative LN and could co-localise with podocyte, mesangial cells, endothelial cells and tubule cells. NEU1 expression in the tubulointerstitium area was significantly higher in the CI ≥1 group compared with the CI=0 and NC groups. Moreover, NEU1 expression was significantly correlated with serum creatinine value, eGFR and CI scores, respectively. Urinary NEU1 excretion in the CI ≥1 group was higher than in the CI=0 group and was also positively correlated with CI scores. Furthermore, the high expression of renal NEU1 was identified as an independent risk factor for renal prognosis by multivariate Cox regression analysis (HR, 6.462 (95% CI 1.025 to 40.732), p=0.047).ConclusionsRenal NEU1 expression was associated with pathological CI scores and renal outcomes in patients with proliferative LN.
Elastic-DF: Scaling Performance of DNN Inference in FPGA Clouds through Automatic Partitioning
Authors: Alonso Tobias , Petrica Lucian , Ruiz Mario , Petri-Koenig Jakoba , Umuroglu Yaman , Stamelos Ioannis , Koromilas Elias , Blott Michaela , Vissers Kees 
Published: December 2021

Customized compute acceleration in the datacenter is key to the wider roll-out of applications based on deep neural network (DNN) inference. In this article, we investigate how to maximize the performance and scalability of field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based pipeline dataflow DNN inference accelerators (DFAs) automatically on computing infrastructures consisting of multi-die, network-connected FPGAs. We present Elastic-DF, a novel resource partitioning tool and associated FPGA runtime infrastructure that integrates with the DNN compiler FINN. Elastic-DF allocates FPGA resources to DNN layers and layers to individual FPGA dies to maximize the total performance of the multi-FPGA system. In the resulting Elastic-DF mapping, the accelerator may be instantiated multiple times, and each instance may be segmented across multiple FPGAs transparently, whereby the segments communicate peer-to-peer through 100 Gbps Ethernet FPGA infrastructure, without host involvement. When applied to ResNet-50, Elastic-DF provides a 44% latency decrease on Alveo U280. For MobileNetV1 on Alveo U200 and U280, Elastic-DF enables a 78% throughput increase, eliminating the performance difference between these cards and the larger Alveo U250. Elastic-DF also increases operating frequency in all our experiments, on average by over 20%. Elastic-DF therefore increases performance portability between different sizes of FPGA and increases the critical throughput per cost metric of datacenter inference.
Bevacizumab Increases Endothelin-1 Production via Forkhead Box Protein O1 in Human Glomerular Microvascular Endothelial Cells In Vitro
Authors: Nihei Satoru , Asaka Junichi , Takahashi Hiroaki , Kudo Kenzo 
Published: December 2021

Molecular mechanisms underlying the nephrotoxicity associated with bevacizumab are unclear. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is involved in podocyte injury and proteinuria, and its level increases in most cases of kidney disorders. Forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1), a transcription factor, is a major determinant of ET-1 promoter activation and is regulated by protein kinase B (Akt) phosphorylation-dependent nuclear exclusion. We evaluated the effect of bevacizumab on ET-1 production in human glomerular microvascular endothelial cells (hGECs). We analyzed the changes in the mRNA and protein levels of ET-1 in hGECs treated with bevacizumab using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Changes in the protein levels and phosphorylation status of Akt and FoxO1 in hGECs treated with bevacizumab were analyzed by western blotting. After cell lysis, FoxO1 protein was isolated from the cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions. We also investigated the effects of AS1842856 (a FoxO1 inhibitor) on bevacizumab-induced ET-1 production. Bevacizumab significantly and dose-dependently increased the mRNA and protein levels of ET-1 in hGECs (

p

< 0.05). Bevacizumab treatment also led to a decrease in phosphorylated Akt protein levels. Inhibition of Akt activity by LY294002 promoted ET-1 production. Bevacizumab also induced an increase in FoxO1 protein levels in the nucleus. Inhibition of FoxO1 activity by AS1842856 resulted in decreased ET-1 levels in bevacizumab-treated hGECs. ET-1 axis activation, Akt inactivation, and FoxO1 nuclear localization are the molecular mechanisms underlying bevacizumab-induced nephrotoxicity. Therefore, inhibition of renal ET-1 production could be a promising approach to protect against or treat bevacizumab-induced nephrotoxicity.
Participación en medios y TIC: intereses y expectativas de niños y niñas
Authors: Lafaurie-Molin Andrea , López-Ordosgoitia Rocío , Giraldo-Cadavid Diana Alexandra , Aristizábal-García Diana Marcela 
Published: December 2021

(analítico)La presencia de medios análogos y digitales en la vida de los niños, niñas y adolescentes redimensiona la discusión sobre participación infantil, centrándola en lo que ocurre en las pantallas. Realizamos un estudio cualitativo de corte descriptivo con 75 niños, niñas y adolescentes, de 7 a 14 años, de tres ciudades (Barranquilla, Cali y Bogotá). Los resultados indican que los niños, niñas y adolescentes tienen formas complejas y diversas de pensar la participación, que superan las divisiones, escalas y prescripciones adultas e institucionales, para incluir acciones de ocio, socialización y consumo cultural. Se trata de una participación heterogénea, convergente y multiplataforma que incluye actividades como generar contenidos, dar likes, hacer suscripciones, navegar, buscar tareas o simplemente ver vídeos, fotos, jugar, divertirse y socializar, mostrando intereses, subjetividades y formas de socialización infantiles en medios y TIC.
Palabras clave: Participación infantil, TIC, infancia, plataformas virtuales, interacción virtual, comunicación virtual, ecosistema mediático, participaciónconvergente, participación multiplataforma.
El Niño–Southern Oscillation and the Transatlantic Slave Trade
Authors: Turner IV William , Nathan Terrence R. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The relationship between El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the transatlantic slave trade (TAST) is examined using the Slave Voyages dataset and several reconstructed ENSO indices. The ENSO indices are used as a proxy for West African rainfall and temperature. In the Sahel, the El Niño (warm) phase of ENSO is associated with less rainfall and warmer temperatures, whereas the La Niña (cold) phase of ENSO is associated with more rainfall and cooler temperatures. The association between ENSO and the TAST is weak but statistically significant at a 2-yr lag. In this case, El Niño (drier and warmer) years are associated with a decrease in the export of enslaved Africans. The response of the TAST to El Niño is explained in terms of the societal response to agricultural stresses brought on by less rainfall and warmer temperatures. ENSO-induced changes to the TAST are briefly discussed in light of climate-induced movements of peoples in centuries past and the drought-induced movement of peoples in the Middle East today.
Significance Statement
The transatlantic slave trade was driven by economic and political forces, subject to the vagaries of the weather; it spanned two hemispheres and four continents and lasted more than 400 years. In this study we show that El Niño–Southern Oscillation, and its proxy association with West African rainfall and temperature, are significantly associated with the number of enslaved Africans that were transported from West Africa to the Americas. Lessons learned from the effects of weather and climate on the transatlantic slave trade reverberate today: extreme weather and climate change will continue to catalyze and amplify human conflict and migrations.
A clinical laboratory–developed LSC17 stemness score assay for rapid risk assessment of patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Ng Stanley W. K. , Murphy Tracy , King Ian , Zhang Tong , Mah Michelle , Lu Zhibin , Stickle Natalie , Ibrahimova Narmin , Arruda Andrea , Mitchell Amanda , Mai Ming , He Rong , Madala Bindu Swapna , Viswanatha David S. , Dick John E. , Chan Steven , Virtanen Carl , Minden Mark D. , Mercer Timothy , Stockley Tracy , Wang Jean C. Y. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are linked to relapse in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The LSC17 gene expression score robustly captures LSC stemness properties in AML and can be used to predict survival outcomes and response to therapy, enabling risk-adapted, upfront treatment approaches. The LSC17 score was developed and validated in a research setting. To enable widespread use of the LSC17 score in clinical decision making, we established a laboratory-developed test (LDT) for the LSC17 score that can be deployed broadly in clinical molecular diagnostic laboratories. We extensively validated the LSC17 LDT in a College of American Pathologists/Clinical Laboratory Improvements Act (CAP/CLIA)-certified laboratory, determining specimen requirements, a synthetic control, and performance parameters for the assay. Importantly, we correlated values from the LSC17 LDT to clinical outcome in a reference cohort of patients with AML, establishing a median assay value that can be used for clinical risk stratification of individual patients with newly diagnosed AML. The assay was established in a second independent CAP/CLIA-certified laboratory, and its technical performance was validated using an independent cohort of patient samples, demonstrating that the LSC17 LDT can be readily implemented in other settings. This study enables the clinical use of the LSC17 score for upfront risk-adapted management of patients with AML.