bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Country-Level Distribution of Trillions of Dollars in Future Climate Damages from Current Annual Emissions
Authors: Freese Lyssa M. , Virgüez Edgar , Davis Steven J. , Caldeira Ken 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Carbon dioxide emitted in one country affects the global climate, imposing climate damage on other countries. Here, we estimate the present value of country-to-country climate damage from current emissions using country-specific social costs of carbon. We estimate that the net present value of international climate damage related to current carbon dioxide emissions is $US 6.6 trillion. The damage due to annual emissions from Annex II (developed) countries on non-Annex I (mostly developing) countries is estimated at $US 2 trillion. The net present value of damage imposed by high emitters represents a substantial fraction of the current annual gross domestic product of many countries, especially those in the Global South. This information may be useful in negotiations on common but differentiated responsibilities under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.
Review of Advancements and Future Directions in the Fabrication of Microchannel Heat Sinks for Electronic Cooling
Authors: Bal Sasmita , Oza Ankit D. , Kumar Manoj 
Published: December 2024

Abstract:
With the increasing demand for enhanced thermal performance and energy efficiency,
microchannel heat sinks (MCHSs) have garnered significant attention as an effective method for
dissipating the heat flux from thermal systems. Microchannel heat sinks have widespread applications
in electronic devices, offering superior heat removal rates and ensuring optimal performance
and durability. The fabrication of microchannels has been a long-standing challenge that has spurred
continuous research efforts. Innovative techniques have emerged to address this challenge, leading
to ongoing research aimed at the development of more efficient and contemporary cooling methods.
This review comprehensively explores various microchannel fabrication techniques including photolithography,
wire EDM, ultrasonic microfabrication, and etching. In addition, it provides insights
into the selection of appropriate substrate materials. Extensive literature surveys have been conducted
to compile a wealth of knowledge regarding these fabrication techniques. Furthermore, a detailed
discussion is presented on the advantages and disadvantages of these fabrication methods, considering
factors such as time efficiency, cost analysis, surface finish, product quality, and practical applications.
While the review covers a broad spectrum of microchannel fabrication techniques, it places
particular emphasis on the emerging 3D printing technology for microchannel fabrication, recognizing
its potential to revolutionize the field.
Development of Nanoemulsion-Based Gel of Betulin for the Treatment of Psoriasis-Like Skin Inflammation in a Small Animal Model
Authors: Prakash Dev , Chaudhari Anjali 
Published: December 2024

Introduction/ Background:
This study aimed to introduce a gel (NEG) formulation containing
betulin-loaded nanoemulsions for topical psoriasis treatment.

Materials and Methods:
The prepared nanoemulsions were optimized for smaller particle size and
higher drug content using a response surface methodology that exhibited uniform distribution and
high drug loading (21.17±3.55%).

Results:
The gel demonstrated skin-compatible pH and good spreadability. The developed gel
showed slower release compared to nanoemulsion. In vivo pharmacokinetics demonstrated elevated
AUC (55835.1 μg/cm2.h) and extended Tmax (720 min) for the gel than NE, indicating extended
skin retention. Improved skin hydration (35%) and lipid content (28%) were observed, along with
significant reductions in PASI scores and cytokine levels.

Discussion:
Provided with enhanced skin retention, improved hydration, and lipid content, along
with significant therapeutic efficacy in psoriasis treatment, betulin-loaded nanoemulsion gel demonstrated
prolonged drug release and notably reduced PASI scores and cytokine levels, highlighting its
effectiveness against psoriasis.

Conclusion:
This highlights the promising potential of NEG for topical psoriasis management.
Deep Neural Network Framework for Predicting Cardiovascular Diseases from ECG Signals
Authors: Soni Tanishq , Gupta Deepali , Uppal Mudita , Juneja Sapna , Gulzar Yonis , Ghafoor Kayhan Zrar 
Published: December 2024

Introduction:
Cardio Vascular Disease (CVD), a primary cause of death worldwide,
includes a variety of heart-related disorders like heart failure, arrhythmias, and coronary artery
disease (CAD), where plaque buildup narrows the heart muscle's blood vessels and causes angina
or heart attacks. Genetics, congenital anomalies, bad diet, lack of exercise, smoking, and
chronic diseases including hypertension and diabetes can cause cardiac disease.

Method:
The symptoms can range from chest pain and shortness of breath to exhaustion and
palpitations and diagnosis usually involves a medical history, physical examination, and electrocardiograms
(ECGs), and stress testing. Lifestyle adjustments, medicines, angioplasty, and
bypass grafts or heart transplants are possible treatments. Preventive measures include healthy
living, risk factor management, and frequent checkups, which are few measures, whereas advanced
algorithms can analyze massive volumes of ECG and MRI data to find patterns and
anomalies that humans may overlook.

Results:
The deep learning models increase arrhythmia, coronary artery disease, and heart failure
diagnosis accuracy and speed. They enable predictive analytics, early intervention, and personalized
treatment programs, increasing cardiac care results. The proposed DNN model consists
of a 3-layer architecture having input, hidden, and output layers. In the hidden layer, 2
layers, namely, the dense layer and batch normalization layer are added to enhance its accuracy.

Conclusion:
Three different optimizers namely Adam, AdaGrad, and AdaDelta are tested on
50 epochs and 32 batch sizes for predicting cardiovascular disease. Adam optimizer has the
highest accuracy of 85% using the proposed deep neural network.
Artificial Intelligence for Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Lari Mohd Qasid , Kumar Deepak , Kumar Ajay , Murti Yogesh , Yadav Prashant Kumar , Kumar Dileep 
Published: December 2024

Abstract:
Globally, cardiovascular disease [CVD] continues to be a major cause of death. Advancements
in Artificial Intelligence [AI] in recent times present revolutionary opportunities for
the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of this condition. In this paper, we review mainly the
applications of AI in CVDs with its limitations and challenges. Artificial intelligence [AI] algorithms
can quickly and precisely analyze medical images, such as CT scans, X-rays, and ECGs,
helping with early and more accurate identification of a variety of CVD diseases. To identify
those who are at a high risk of getting CVD, AI models can also analyze patient data. This allows
for early intervention and preventive measures. AI systems are also capable of analyzing
complicated medical data to provide individualized therapy recommendations based on the requirements
and traits of each patient. During patient meetings, AI-powered solutions can also
help healthcare practitioners by offering real-time insights and recommendations, which may
improve treatment outcomes. Machine learning [ML], which is a branch of AI and computer
sciences, has also been employed to uncover complex interactions among clinical variables,
leading to more accurate predictive models for major adverse cardiovascular events [MACE]
like combining clinical data with stress test results has improved the detection of myocardial ischemia,
enhancing the ability to predict future cardiovascular outcomes. In this paper, we will
focus on the current AI applications in different CVDs. Also, precision medicine, and targeted
therapy for these cardiovascular problems will be discussed.
Cable Fault Detection Based on Improved Deep Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Chen Xin , Xue Hongxiang , Yang Xing , Ding Qi'an 
Published: December 2024

Background:
The high-voltage cable is a critical component in power transmission
systems, making regular inspections essential for the timely detection of potential hazards,
schedule maintenance, and avoiding safety accidents.

Objective:
This paper aims to use deep learning algorithms to improve the precision and timeliness
of cable fault detection, thereby ensuring safe and secure power system operation.

Methods:
Automatic cable fault detection based on YOLOv8s was conducted in the study in
order to assist the power sector in automatically detecting cable faults.

Results:
PConv and BiFPN networks were added to the backbone network to improve the feature
fusion performance of the model. To enhance the model's identification capabilities, the
WIoU loss function was modified.

Conclusion:
The proposed method allows for the rapid detection of cable faults by analyzing
three common fault types: "thunderbolt," "wear," and "break." By deploying this approach on
edge computing devices mounted on UAVs, automatic inspection of power faults can be effectively
achieved.
Reforestation tax incentive impacts on financial returns of loblolly pine plantations for family forest landowners in Mississippi
Authors: VanderSchaaf Curtis , Li Yanshu 
Published: December 2024

Rates of return from forest plantation investments depend not only on survival and growth rates, but also costs and revenues associated with various practices. Beyond that, tax related issues are another important consideration that are often not addressed, or directly addressed at least, in forest financial assessments. Many financial assessments can be defined as “before-tax.” Forest landowners within Mississippi have the potential to reduce reforestation cost burdens through two important tax-related opportunities. The first being the Federal reforestation deduction and amortization provisions and the second being the state-based reforestation tax credit. An overabundant supply of wood in Mississippi has resulted in fairly poor pine market conditions, particularly for pulpwood stumpage. This has resulted in the likelihood of marginal returns for many landowners without some type of assistance. Beyond that, substantial inflation and increases in fuel costs have resulted in greater reforestation costs plus additional reductions in stumpage values, among other reasons, because of greater costs for loggers during forest harvesting operations.
The impacts of these two income tax reduction opportunities on loblolly pine financial returns were examined for three planting densities of 1,122 and 1,282 and 1,495 seedlings ha-1 for a site index 19.8 m site (base age 25). A combination of chemical and mechanical site preparation was conducted and mass control pollinated (MCP) bareroot seedlings were hand-planted. Varying degrees of rectangularity were assumed, reducing reforestation costs. A first-year herbaceous weed control treatment was implemented but no thinnings and fertilization treatments were conducted. A final harvest clearcut was conducted at age 26. For Federal income tax purposes, a landowner classified as an Investor within the 22% Federal income tax bracket was assumed. Whether before-tax or after-tax, the most viable planting density financially was found to be 1,122 ha-1 seedlings. Reduced reforestation costs and greater yields ha-1 of the more valuable sawlog product class were found to be more influential on landowner financial returns than any reforestation tax provisions.
Exploration of Whatsapp Application as Learning Media in Vocational Schools Reviewed from the Teacher's Perspective
Authors: Sekarkedhaton Rhepita Hindun Pangesti , Sumarni Sri , Isnantyo Fajar Danur , Anggrainingsih Rini 
Published: December 2024

Background: Whatsapp is widely used as a learning medium to make it easier for teachers to send files of school assignment documents and learning materials to students. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of use, constraints, and solutions in using the Whatsapp application as a learning medium in vocational schools from the teacher's perspective. This research is a qualitative study with a narrative inquiry approach. Methods: The sampling method using purposive sampling obtained a sample size of 6 participants including teachers who have active teaching status and have implemented WhatsApp as a learning medium in their subjects. Interviews were conducted to collect data. Data were analyzed by content analysis using the QSR Nvivo application. Results: 1) the exploration of the use of Whatsapp application as a learning medium in vocational schools in the teacher's perspective was obtained in two categories, including, a) media: discussion, information, evaluation, communication, and b) learning process: offline learning support, and material sharing. (2) obstacles in the use of the Whatsapp application as a learning medium in vocational schools from the teacher's perspective include, a) user aspects: competence in using technology, lack of activity, lack of focus, and b) technical: wifi network, internet quota, and student devices. (3) Solutions in overcoming obstacles in using the Whatsapp application as a learning medium in vocational schools from the teacher's perspective include, a) school facilities: wifi network, whiteboards, and b) improvement efforts: interaction, and competence.Conclusion: The use of WhatsApp applications as a learning media in SMK from the perspective of teachers is said to be effectively used as a medium and support the learning process. The obstacles that teachers often encounter include user constraints and technical obstacles, with the solution taken to improve user competence and optimize the school facilities that have been provided.
Barriers and Facilitators to User Engagement and Moderation for Web-Based Peer Support Among Young People: Qualitative Study Using the Behavior Change Wheel Framework
Authors: Ananya Ananya , Tuuli Janina , Perowne Rachel , Gutman Leslie Morrison 
Published: December 2024

Background
Peer support groups or web-based chats for young people offer anonymous peer support in judgment-free spaces, where users may share their thoughts and feelings with others who may have experienced similar situations. User engagement is crucial for effective web-based peer support; however, levels of engagement vary. While moderation of peer support groups can have a positive impact on the engagement of young people, effective moderation can be challenging to implement.

Objective
This study aimed to identify barriers and facilitators to user engagement with, and moderation of, web-based peer support groups among young people aged 16 to 25 years and to provide recommendations for enhancing this service.

Methods
Drawing upon the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and the Behavior Change Wheel (BCW), this study conducted qualitative interviews and gathered open-ended questionnaires from service users and moderators of The Mix, the United Kingdom’s leading web-based mental health platform providing peer support groups for young people. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 2 service users and 8 moderators, and open-ended questionnaires were completed by 7 service users. Themes were coded using the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behavior (COM-B) model and the TDF. The BCW tools were then used to identify relevant behavior change techniques to improve user engagement in, and moderation of, the service.

Results
Thematic analysis revealed a total of 20 inductive themes within 10 TDF domains—9 (45%) for engagement and 11 (55%) for moderation. Of these 20 themes, 3 (15%) were facilitators of engagement, 7 (35%) were facilitators of moderation, 4 (20%) were barriers to moderation, and 6 (30%) barriers to engagement. Results suggest that skills, knowledge, beliefs about consequences, intentions, emotions, and the social and physical environment are important factors influencing service users and moderators of group chats. In particular, supporting the improvement of memory, attention, and decision-making skills of those involved; adapting the physical environment to facilitate effective interactions; and reducing negative emotions are suggested to optimize the value and effectiveness of peer support groups for young people’s mental health for both the service users and moderators of these services.

Conclusions
The study demonstrates the effectiveness of the BCW approach and the use of the TDF and COM-B model to understand the influences on behavior in a systematic manner, especially for mental health and well-being interventions. The findings can be applied to design structured interventions to change behaviors related to the engagement with, and moderation of, web-based peer support groups and, in turn, improve mental health outcomes for young people.
Comparison of Mobile Transaction Security Using NFC and QR Codes
Authors: Lucia Nugraheni Harnaningrum  , Kristoforus Nanda Mahardhian  
Published: December 2024

Mobile device transactions have become commonplace today. Quick-response (QR) codes and near-field communication (NFC) are popular cashless and contactless payment methods. These two payments have their characteristics. NFC payments use secure elements that encrypt credential data to ensure safe transactions. In contrast, QR code payments transmit data in its original form without encryption. Existing data are sent between devices in the form of original data. Given the extensive adoption of these methods, it is imperative to secure transaction data to prevent theft and misuse. It is necessary to know and compare the security level of each transaction and provide the best recommendations. This study undertook a comparative analysis of the security and performance of NFC and QR code-based mobile payment models. The study found that NFC transactions required 1,074 ms for encryption, while QR code transactions took 5.9359 ms. The entropy value, indicating data randomness, was 3.96 for NFC and 3.23 for QR codes. The P value, representing statistical significance, was 0.45 for NFC and 0.069 for QR codes. Both payment methods demonstrated acceptable levels of safety, with processing times and data randomness within satisfactory ranges. However, the analysis concludes that NFC transactions offer superior performance in terms of processing time and data security compared to QR code transactions.
Corpos nas telas gerando formas de vida
Authors: Albuquerque Iara Cerqueira Linhares de 
Published: December 2024

Este artigo propõe apresentar, enquanto registro/memória, o percurso de uma pesquisa em artes cênicas no ambiente acadêmico. A hipótese se desenvolve a partir da Teoria Corpomídia, apoia-se na filosofia da partilha do sensível, na metodologia indisciplinar, na bricolagem dos discursos e forma como nos tornamos “súditos” em uma sociedade que estimula a exposição. Entende-se que essa ação nos faz ser o que somos, a partir das “ressonâncias” diárias, e que é indissociável essa relação com os aspectos afetivos, políticos e sociais.
Portrait of Hijrah in the Novel Assalamualaikum Beijing by Asma Nadia and Kukejar Cinta ke Negeri Cina by Ninit Yunita
Authors: Deri Rachmad Pratama  , Yasir Riady  , Wilda Sueree  
Published: December 2024

This study examines the phenomenon in novels with an intertextual approach. The focus of the research is the portrait of hijrah in the novel Assalamualaikum Beijing and the novel Kukejar Cinta ke China. In addition, religious and cultural values as well as hypogram and transformation relationships. The data of this research is in the form of dialogues or narratives that contain structural elements, religious values, and culture. Data collection techniques are carried out by document analysis and interviews. Data validation is carried out by theoretical triangulation. Data analysis is based on the Miles and Huberman model which consists of three analysis activities, namely: data reduction, data display, and conclusion or verification. The theme of these two novels is hijrah as a process of finding true love. The meaning of hijrah in this context is a change in the character of the character to become a nobler person before being met with a soul mate. All of this is illustrated in the characterization of Asma and Zhongwen in Assalamualaikum Beijing and Imam and Widya in Kukejar Cinta ke China. The novel Kukejar Cinta ke China as a transformation continues its hypogram because of the many similarities found in the two novels, both structurally and in terms of religious and cultural values. The inspiration for the novel Assalamualaikum Beijing began with Asma's trip to Beijing before the Olympics, while Ninit Yunita got the idea to write the novel Kukejar Cinta ke Negeri China during the Hajj pilgrimage in 2003. Thus, the transformation deviates from the hippogram if studied expressively.
Comparison Of Discovery Learning and Reciprocal Teaching Learning Models On The Mathematical Critical Thingking
Authors: Ardini Sofhianti , Kuntari Srie 
Published: December 2024

Mathematical critical thinking ability is a very important ability and must be possessed by students. This study aims to compare discovery learning and reciprocal teaching models on students' mathematical critical thinking skills. This research was conducted on VIII grade students of MTs Ma'arif NU 1 Wangon with a sample of VIII A and VIII D classes totaling 68 students. The sampling technique used simple random sampling where the sampling process was taken in a simple event with a lottery. The research was conducted by giving two different treatments to two classes, experimental class I with discovery learning model and experiment II with reciprocal teaching model. The research method used is quasi experimental design. While the data collection method uses tests in the form of pretest and posttest description questions. Data analysis techniques are using normality test, homogeneity test and hypothesis testing. The average posttest result in experimental class I is 81.3 which is in the very high category and the average posttest result in experimental class II is 73.4 which is in the medium category. Based on the analysis of the t test of two independent samples, the significance value is 0.000 which is smaller than the level limit of 0.05. So it can be concluded that the results of this study show that there is a significant difference in the ability to think critically mate.
Keywords: Comparison, Discovery learning, Mathematical Critical Thinking Skills, Reciprocal Teaching.