bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leonardo da Vinci’s “Last Supper”: a case study to evaluate the influence of visitors on the Museum preservation systems
Authors: Motta Oriana , Pironti Concetta , Ricciardi Maria , Rostagno Chiara , Bolzacchini Ezio , Ferrero Luca , Cucciniello Raffaele , Proto Antonio 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe most important parameter to obtain an appropriate preservation condition of museum environments concerns the indoor air quality. The exposure of artwork and materials to gaseous and particulate pollutants introduced by visitors and either indoor or outdoor sources contributes to their decay. In this work, we evaluated the possible monitoring of the visitors’ influence using the stable carbon isotopic ratio of CO2 and the concentration of NH3 as a real-time tool. The study was done in the Refectory of Santa Maria delle Grazie (Milan, Italy) which houses one of the most important paintings of Leonardo da Vinci, the Last Supper, and had more than 400,000 visitors in 2019. The results confirmed a good correlation between the presence of tourists inside the museum and the variation of δ13C value during the visits and the closure of the museum. The variation of indoor atmospheric δ13C was influenced by the presence of visitors in the Refectory and delineates the way done from the entrance to the exit. In the same way, the concentration of NH3 was influenced by the presence of visitors and confirmed the role of this one on preservation methodology for indoor air quality in the museum. This new methodology can be used as a supplemental and non-invasive tool to help in calibrating microclimatic conditions through the ventilation rate and air filtration systems in the museum and to manage the number of visitors per turn.
Comparison of Liver Recovery After Sleeve Gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y-Gastric Bypass
Authors: Schmitz Sophia M.-T. , Kroh Andreas , Koch Alexander , Brozat Jonathan F. , Stier Christine , Neumann Ulf P. , Ulmer Tom F. , Alizai Patrick H. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common condition in patients with obesity. Bariatric surgery has often been proposed as a viable treatment option, but the ideal surgical procedure remains unclear. Inconsistently, reports on postoperative deterioration of liver function put further doubt on which technique to apply. Aim of this study was to assess the impact of Roux-en-Y-gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) on the postoperative recovery of liver function.

Methods
A total of 175 patients with obesity that underwent bariatric surgery in our institution were included in this prospective cohort study. BMI, laboratory values, and liver function capacity (using LiMAx) were assessed preoperatively and at 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Generalized linear model (GLM) was performed to determine variables influencing liver function capacity after the operation.

Results
Prior to operations, 64% of patients presented with a diminished liver function capacity, as measured by LiMAx test. Liver function capacity significantly recovered after 12 months in the SG group (300 μg/kg/h preop vs. 367 μg/kg/h postop) but not in the RYGB group (306 μg/kg/h preop vs. 349 μg/kg/h). Preoperative factors impeding liver function recovery included type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), weight, male sex, AST/thrombocyte ratio (APRI), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT).

Conclusion
Bariatric surgery, especially sleeve gastrectomy, leads to an improvement of liver function. However, in some patients with T2DM, higher preoperative weight and male sex postoperative deterioration of liver function capacity may occur.

Graphical abstract
The influence of COVID-19 preventive measures on the air quality in Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates)
Authors: Teixidó Oriol , Tobías Aurelio , Massagué Jordi , Mohamed Ruqaya , Ekaabi Rashed , Hamed Hussein I. , Perry Richard , Querol Xavier , Al Hosani Shaikha 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe preventive and cautionary measures taken by the UAE and Abu Dhabi governments to reduce the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and promote social distancing have led to a reduction of mobility and a modification of economic and social activities. This paper provides statistical analysis of the air quality data monitored by the Environment Agency – Abu Dhabi (EAD) during the first 10 months of 2020, comparing the different stages of the preventive measures. Ground monitoring data is compared with satellite images and mobility indicators. The study shows a drastic decrease during lockdown in the concentration of the gaseous pollutants analysed (NO2, SO2, CO, and C6H6) that aligns with the results reported in other international cities and metropolitan areas. However, particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) averaged concentrations followed a markedly different trend from the gaseous pollutants, indicating a larger influence from natural events (sand and dust storms) and other anthropogenic sources. The ozone (O3) levels increased during the lockdown, showing the complexity of O3 formation. The end of lockdown led to an increase of the mobility and the air pollution; however, air pollutant concentrations remained in lower levels than during the same period of 2019. The results in this study show the large impact of human activities on the quality of air and present an opportunity for policymakers and decision-makers to design stimulus packages to overcome the economic slow-down, with strategies to accelerate the transition to resilient, low-emission economies and societies more connected to the nature that protect human health and the environment.
Prasugrel switching from clopidogrel after percutaneous coronary intervention for acute coronary syndrome in Taiwanese patients: an analysis of safety and efficacy
Authors: Liu Ping-Yen , Su Cheng-Huang , Kuo Feng-Yu , Lee Wen-Lieng , Wang Yi-Chih , Lin Wei-Shiang , Chu Pao-Hsien , Lu Tse-Min , Lo Ping-Han , Lee Cheng-Han , Lan Wei-Ren , Huang Chien-Lung , Tsukiyama Shuji , Yang Wei-Chen , Cheng Li-Chung , Rafael Virginia , Nikolajsen Christian , Yin Wei-Hsian 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe recommended maintenance dose of prasugrel for East Asian populations (i.e., Japanese and Taiwanese) is 3.75 mg as part of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) for the prevention of recurrent ischemia and stent thrombosis in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This modified dosage regimen has been established in studies conducted in Japan; however, the efficacy and safety of switching from clopidogrel to prasugrel DAPT among Taiwanese patients remain to be explored. In this phase IV, multicenter, single-arm, open-label study, we evaluated the 4-week pharmacodynamic response, and the 48-week safety outcomes of prasugrel 3.75 mg after a switch from clopidogrel in Taiwanese ACS patients. A total of 203 prasugrel-naïve ACS patients (over 90% male) who had received post-PCI clopidogrel DAPT for at least 2 weeks were enrolled from ten medical centers in Taiwan and subsequently switched to prasugrel 3.75 mg DAPT. Four weeks after the switch, P2Y12 reaction unit (PRU) values were significantly decreased in the total cohort (mean − 18.2 ± 48.1; 95% confidence interval − 24.9 to − 11.5,p < 0.001), and there was an overall consistent antiplatelet response in the treated subjects. The proportion of patients with high on-treatment platelet reactivity (HPR; PRU > 208) dropped from 23.5 to 10% (p < 0.001). Female sex was associated with a greater PRU reduction with prasugrel, whereas HPR at baseline, age ≥ 65 years, and body mass index ≥ 25 best predicted HPR at Week 4. Throughout the 48-week treatment with prasugrel, the incidences of MACE (1.0%) and TIMI major bleeding (2.0%) were rather low, accompanying an acceptable safety profile of TIMI minor (6.4%) and non-major, non-minor clinically relevant bleeding (3.0%). Overall, switching to the maintenance dose of prasugrel (3.75 mg) was observed to be effective and well tolerated among post-PCI ACS patients in Taiwan. Clinical Trial Registration Number: NCT03672097.
Computational evaluation of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: Toniolo Ilaria , Fontanella Chiara Giulia , Gagner Michel , Stefanini Cesare , Foletto Mirto , Carniel Emanuele Luigi 
Published: April 2021

AbstractLSG is one of the most performed bariatric procedures worldwide. It is a safe and effective operation with a low complication rate. Unsatisfactory weight loss/regain may occur, suggesting that the operation design could be improved. A bioengineering approach might significantly help in avoiding the most common complications. Computational models of the sleeved stomach after LSG were developed according to bougie size (range 27–54 Fr). The endoluminal pressure and the basal volume were computed at different intragastric pressures. At an inner pressure of 22.5 mmHg, the basal volume of the 54 Fr configuration was approximately 6 times greater than that of the 27 Fr configuration (57.92 ml vs 9.70 ml). Moreover, the elongation distribution of the gastric wall was assessed to quantify the effect on mechanoreceptors impacting satiety by differencing regions and layers. An increasing trend in elongation strain with increasing bougie size was observed in all cases. The most stressed region and layer were the antrum (approximately 25% higher stress than that in the corpus at 37.5 mmHg) and mucosa layer (approximately 7% higher stress than that in the muscularis layer at 22.5 mmHg), respectively. In addition, the pressure–volume behaviors were reported. Computational models and bioengineering methods can help to quantitatively identify some critical aspects of the “design” of bariatric operations to plan interventions, and predict and increase the success rate. Moreover, computational tools can support the development of innovative bariatric procedures, potentially skipping invasive approaches.
Impact of thrombus aspiration in frail STEMI patients
Authors: Mone Pasquale , Gambardella Jessica , Pansini Antonella , Rizzo Mario , Mauro Ciro , Minicucci Fabio , Santulli Gaetano 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Despite primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is generally considered the best therapy in older frail adults with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), the incidence of re-hospitalization for cardiovascular diseases remains significant in these patients.

Aims
We hypothesized that thrombus aspiration (TA) before PPCI could be a useful treatment for reducing mortality and rehospitalizations in frail patients undergoing PPCI for STEMI.

Methods
We conducted a study comparing PPCI alone vs TA + PPCI in frail STEMI patients. We examined a cohort of consecutive frail patients aged ≥ 65 years with first STEMI treated with PPCI between February 2008 and July 2015 at the Department of Cardiology of the “Cardarelli” Hospital in Naples, Italy.

Results
The study was completed by 389 patients (PPCI: 195, TA + PPCI: 194). At 1-month follow-up, the rate of death from any cause was 7.0% in patients treated with PPCI alone vs 3.0% in patients treated with TA + PPCI (p 0.036), whereas death from cardiovascular causes was 6.0% in the PPCI group vs 3.0% in the TA + PPCI group (p 0.028). Equally important, the rate of re-hospitalization due to heart failure was 7.5% in the PPCI group vs 4.0% in TA + PPCI group (p 0.025) and the rate of re-hospitalization due to acute coronary syndrome was 10.0% in the PPCI group vs 4.5% in the TA + PPCI group (p 0.016).

Conclusion
These results indicate the importance of TA in the treatment of STEMI in a group of high-risk patients such as elderly with frailty.
Status and challenges of integrated watershed management practices after-project phased-out in Eastern Tigray, Ethiopia
Authors: Gebregergs Tirhas , Teka Kassa , Taye Gebeyehu , Gidey Eskinder , Dikinya Oagile 
Published: April 2021

AbstractLand degradation in the form of soil erosion is one of the major causes for declining ecosystem functions in the northern highlands of Ethiopia including the Eastern Tigray. Hence, different integrated watershed management practices were introduced in the last few years to avert the problem. Currently, most of these practices are phased out. However, the status and challenges of these practices after phase-out are not well documented and required scientific research. On-field measurement from nine sample plots having a size of each 50 m*50 m at 200 m interval was conducted to assess the status and challenges of these practices. Results of the assessment showed that physical soil and water conservation structures were deteriorated by 47–64% after IWM project phased out. The key problems were lack of periodic maintenance, and limited support by biological conservation measures. The study results suggest that Watershed technologies are highly challenged after project phase-out. Hence, integration among the community, government and non-governmental organizations are needed to sustainably manage these resources.
Big data for sustainable agri‐food supply chains: a review and future research perspectives
Authors: Rejeb Abderahman , Rejeb Karim , Zailani Suhaiza 
Published: April 2021

AbstractResearch on agri-food supply chains (AFSCs) has attracted significant attention in recent years due to the challenges associated with sustainably feeding the global population. The purpose of this study is to review the potentials of big data for sustainable AFSCs. One hundred twenty-eight (128) journal articles were selected to identify how big data can contribute to the sustainable development of AFSCs. As part of our focus, a framework was developed based on the conceptualization of AFSCs in the extant literature to analyse big data research in the context of AFSCs and to provide insights into the potentials of the technology for agri-food businesses. The findings of the review indicate that there is a noticeable growth in the number of studies addressing the applications of big data for AFSCs. The potentials of big data for AFSC sustainability were synthesized in a summary framework, highlighting the primary resources and activities that are ready for improvement with big data. These include soil, water, crop and plant management, animal management, waste management and traceability management. The challenges of big data integration in AFSCs, the study’s implications, contributions, and the future research directions are highlighted in detail.
Blockchain research in healthcare: a bibliometric review and current research trends
Authors: Rejeb Abderahman , Treiblmaier Horst , Rejeb Karim , Zailani Suhaiza 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe literature on blockchain-enabled use cases has grown exponentially over recent years. Yet, studies are missing that apply bibliometrics and visualization techniques to unravel the dynamics and current discussions pertaining to the nexus of blockchain technology (BCT) and the healthcare field. To close this knowledge gap, we examine the knowledge base and research hotspots of BCT research in the field of healthcare. We carry out a series of bibliometric analyses on the extant literature, including the scholarly production, developmental pattern of the annual total number of authors, and identification of productive academic institutions, countries, and leading authors. Additionally, we conduct a keyword co-occurrence analysis and identify the major research hotspots and trends for the future. The findings of this research are valuable for scholars and practitioners who seek to better understand the development status, dynamics, and trends pertaining to BCT in healthcare.
New trenching results along the İznik segment of the central strand of the North Anatolian Fault (Turkey): an integration with preexisting data
Authors: Civico R. , Smedile A. , Pantosti D. , Cinti F. R. , De Martini P. M. , Pucci S. , Çakır Z. , Şentürk S. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper provides a new contribution to the construction of the complex and fragmentary mosaic of the Late Holocene earthquakes history of the İznik segment of the central strand of the North Anatolian Fault (CNAF) in Turkey. The CNAF clearly displays lower dextral slip rates with respect to the northern strand however, surface rupturing and large damaging earthquakes (M > 7) occurred in the past, leaving clear signatures in the built and natural environments. The association of these historical events to specific earthquake sources (e.g., Gemlik, İznik, or Geyve fault segments) is still a matter of debate. We excavated two trenches across the İznik fault trace near Mustafali, a village about 10 km WSW of İznik where the morphological fault scarp was visible although modified by agricultural activities. Radiocarbon and TL dating on samples collected from the trenches show that the displaced deposits are very recent and span the past 2 millennia at most. Evidence for four surface faulting events was found in the Mustafali trenches. The integration of these results with historical data and previous paleoseismological data yields an updated Late Holocene history of surface-rupturing earthquakes along the İznik Fault in 1855, 740 (715), 362, and 121 CE. Evidence for the large M7 + historical earthquake dated 1419 CE generally attributed to this fault, was not found at any trench site along the İznik fault nor in the subaqueous record. This unfit between paleoseismological, stratigraphic, and historical data highlights one more time the urge for extensive paleoseismological trenching and offshore campaigns because of the high potential to solve the uncertainties on the seismogenic history (age, earthquake location, extent of the rupture and size) of this portion of NAFZ and especially on the attribution of historical earthquakes to the causative fault.
Bedside pressure-pain threshold algometry to measure abdominal tenderness in childhood appendicitis: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Postuma Ray , Vajcner Glen , Postuma Ronald B. , Keijzer Richard 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Abdominal wall tenderness and its localization are key diagnostic features of appendicitis. However, abdominal wall tenderness assessment is subjective, and its utility in the diagnostic discrimination of appendicitis is limited. The objective of this study is to assess whether measuring abdominal tenderness using algometry can improve the clinical assessment of children with suspected appendicitis.

Methods:
Using a spring-gauge, pocket-size algometer, similar to a tire gauge, we measured abdominal wall pressure-pain thresholds and tenderness localization ratios in children with suspected appendicitis referred to one pediatric general surgeon. We correlated the results with the final diagnosis, standard diagnostic scores, and abdominal ultrasound.

Results:
Of 557 children with suspected appendicitis, 421 (76%) had algometry measurements of whom 239 (57%) underwent appendectomy. Appendicitis was confirmed in 216 (90%); appendicitis prevalence 51%. Pressure-pain thresholds were significantly lower and tenderness localization ratios higher in appendicitis. The difference was greatest with perforation: maximum AUC 0.884 overall, in males AUC 0.935. During observation, pressure-pain thresholds decreased while tenderness localization ratio increased in appendicitis patients, signaling increasing tenderness and more precise localization for appendicitis. The reverse was observed for non-appendicitis patients. Localization ratios were superior to the two standard diagnostic appendicitis scores (Algometry AUC = 0.844; Alvarado AUC = 0.790, pediatric appendicitis score AUC = 0.760) and white blood cell count alone (AUC = 0.728). Algometry results yielded positive and negative predictive values up to 100%.

Conclusion:
Bedside measurements of abdominal wall tenderness outperformed individual clinical and laboratory parameters and appendicitis diagnostic scores in identifying acute appendicitis. If validated and given its ease, algometry has the potential for incorporation into clinical practice, documentation, and as a quantifiable tenderness measure for use in clinical research.

Highlights
The prevalence and influencing factors of anaemia among pre-pregnant women in mainland China: a large population-based, cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhao Jun , Zhu Xiaoyue , Dai Qiaoyun , Hong Xiang , Zhang Hongguang , Huang Kaiping , Wang Yuanyuan , Yang Xueying , Zhang Yue , Peng Zuoqi , Zhang Ya , Xuan Yan , Wang Qiaomei , Shen Haiping , Zhang Yiping , Yan Donghai , Wang Bei , Ma Xu 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAnaemia is a global public health problem affecting women worldwide, and reproductive-age women are at increased risk. We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study analysing the prevalence of overall anaemia and anaemia according to severity in Chinese pre-pregnant women to update current knowledge on anaemia epidemiology. Based on the National Free Preconception Check-up Projects supported by the Chinese government, 5 679 782 women participating in this project in 2017 were included in the present study. The cyanmethemoglobin method was applied to assess Hb concentrations. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were applied for associated factors. The prevalence of anaemia among Chinese pre-pregnant women was 21·64 % (mild: 14·10 %, moderate: 7·17 % and severe : 0·37 %). The prevalence of overall and severe anaemia was the highest in Tibet and the lowest in Beijing among thirty-one provinces. Women’s age, region, ethnic origin, educational level, occupation and pregnancy history were all correlated with anaemia. Women with B blood type (adjusted OR (aOR) = 0·89), higher BMI (overweight: aOR = 0·84; obesity: aOR = 0·70) and alcohol consumption (aOR = 0·69) were less likely to have anaemia, while those with rhesus negative blood type (aOR = 1·10), history of anaemia (aOR = 2·60), older age at menarche (aOR = 1·19), heavy menstrual blood loss (aOR = 1·39), longer menstrual period (aOR = 1·09) and shorter menstrual cycle (aOR = 1·08) were more likely to suffer from anaemia. Meat or egg eaters were not significantly associated with severe anaemia. Anaemia is of moderate public health significance among Chinese pre-pregnant women. Interventions should be considered to prevent anaemia to the greatest extent possible to avoid potential harm in this population.
Coherent Pathways for Subduction From the Surface Mixed Layer at Ocean Fronts
Authors: Freilich Mara , Mahadevan Amala 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn frontal zones, water masses that are tens of kilometers in extent with origins in the mixed layer can be identified in the pycnocline for days to months. Here, we explore the pathways and mechanisms of subduction, the process by which water from the surface mixed layer makes its way into the pycnocline, using a submesoscale‐resolving numerical model of a mesoscale front. By identifying Lagrangian trajectories of water parcels that exit the mixed layer, we study the evolution of dynamical properties from a statistical standpoint. Velocity‐ and buoyancy‐gradients increase as water parcels experience both mesoscale (geostrophic) and submesoscale (ageostrophic) frontogenesis and subduct beneath the mixed layer into the stratified pycnocline along isopycnals that outcrop in the mixed layer. Subduction is transient and occurs in coherent regions along the front, the spatial and temporal scales of which influence the scales of the subducted water masses in the pycnocline. An examination of specific subduction events reveals a range of submesoscale features that support subduction. Contrary to the forced submesoscale processes that sequester low potential vorticity (PV) anomalies in the interior, we find that PV can be elevated in subducting water masses. The rate of subduction is of similar magnitude to previous studies (∼100 m/year), but the Lagrangian evolution of properties on water parcels and pathways that are unraveled in this study emphasize the role of submesoscale dynamics coupled with mesoscale frontogenesis.