bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alterations in Resting‐State Functional MRI Connectivity Related to Cognitive Changes in Intracranial Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas Before and After Embolization Treatment
Authors: Sekar Sabarish , Kannath Santhosh Kumar , Ramachandran Sushama , Menon Ramshekhar N. , Thomas Bejoy 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundCognitive decline is a non‐hemorrhagic, major complication of intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF), thought to be primarily related to venous hypertension. However, imaging features to predict cognitive decline are scanty in the literature.PurposeTo evaluate functional connectivity (FC) changes of resting‐state networks (RSNs) in DAVF before and after treatment and its relation to cognitive impairment.Study TypeProspective.SubjectsDAVF subjects were screened for inclusion. Pre‐embolization (N = 33, mean age 45.9 years, 29 males), 1 month post‐embolization (N = 20, mean age 42.7 years, 19 males), and healthy controls (HC, N = 33, mean age 45.09 years, 27 males).Field Strength/Sequence3.0 T, resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), three‐dimensional (3D) T1, T2 fast spin echo (FSE), diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI), fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery, and time of flight.AssessmentData quality assessment was performed. FC analysis was done using group independent component analysis (ICA) and seed to voxel analysis. Neuropsychology (NP) scores of patients were compared with HC and correlated with FC changes.Statistical TestsVoxel‐wise parametric T‐statistics for F‐test was executed in FC analysis (p‐FDR corrected <0.05). NP scores between DAVF group and HC group were compared using one‐way analysis of variance with post hoc Bonferroni correction (P < 0.05).ResultsBoth RSNs analysis methods showed reduced FC at the precuneus‐posterior cingulate cortex (PC‐PCC) of default mode network (DMN), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) of the salience network (SN), and possible compensatory increased connectivity at the frontoparietal (FPN) and dorsal attention (DAN) networks. DAVF with low NP scores showed reduced FC at DMN and SN and minimal to absent connectivity at FPN and DAN. At post‐embolization 1‐month follow‐up, improvement in FC at PC‐PCC of DMN and ACC of SN were noted.Data ConclusionRS‐fMRI in DAVF displayed FC changes that may be related to cognitive decline and its subsequent reversibility after treatment. FC changes at DMN, SN, FPN, and DAN were linked to cognitive decline and the corresponding NP scores.Level of Evidence2Technical EfficacyStage 2
An improved transistor noise equivalent circuit model for silicon‐on‐insulator transistors considering the frequency dispersion effect
Authors: Du Xingzheng , Cao Xin , Liu Huihua 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this paper, an improved transistor equivalent circuit noise model is proposed. This model takes the frequency dispersion effects into account and modified the induced gate current source (Ig) equation based on the classical Van der Ziel noise model. First, the conductance at Vd = 0 V (gd0) is derived from DC bias condition, and the accuracy of channel thermal noise (Id) is verified. Then, by analyzing the physical structure of the silicon‐on‐insulator (SOI) transistor, an equivalent lumped‐parameter circuit model is established. The element initial values are extracted based on the measured S‐parameters. Then, the parameters in the Ig equation are obtained through noise circle simulation in comparison with measurement data. In contrast to existing models, the frequency dispersion effect is analyzed and modeled using a three‐order polynomial. The results show that with respect to the traditional noise model, the noise circle's root‐mean‐square error of this work is decreased from 23.16 to 1.55.
Eculizumab in refractory generalized myasthenia gravis previously treated with rituximab: subgroup analysis of REGAIN and its extension study
Authors: Siddiqi Zaeem A. , Nowak Richard J. , Mozaffar Tahseen , O'Brien Fanny , Yountz Marcus , Patti Francesco ,   the REGAIN Study Group
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroduction/AimsIndividuals with refractory generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) who have a history of rituximab use and experience persistent symptoms represent a population with unmet treatment needs. The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of eculizumab in patients with refractory anti‐acetylcholine receptor antibody‐positive (AChR+) gMG previously treated with rituximab.MethodsThis post hoc subgroup analysis of the phase 3 REGAIN study (NCT01997229) and its open‐label extension (OLE; NCT02301624) compared baseline characteristics, safety, and response to eculizumab in participants who had previously received rituximab with those who had not. Rituximab use was not permitted within the 6 months before screening or during REGAIN/OLE.ResultsOf 125 REGAIN participants, 14 had received rituximab previously (7 received placebo and 7 received eculizumab). In the previous‐rituximab group, 57% had used at least four other immunosuppressants compared with 16% in the no‐previous‐rituximab group. Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living total scores from eculizumab baseline to week 130 of eculizumab treatment improved in both the previous‐rituximab and no‐previous‐rituximab groups (least‐squares mean −4.4, standard error of the mean [SEM] 1.0 [n = 9] and least‐squares mean −4.6, SEM 0.3 [n = 67], respectively; difference = 0.2, 95% confidence interval −1.88 to 2.22). In addition, in both groups, most patients who were treated with eculizumab for 130 weeks achieved a Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America post‐intervention status of minimal manifestations (66.7% and 65.0%, respectively). The eculizumab safety profile was similar between groups and consistent with its established profile.DiscussionEculizumab is an effective therapy for patients with refractory AChR+ gMG, irrespective of whether they had received rituximab treatment previously.
Towards threshold‐agnostic heavy‐hitter classification
Authors: Pekar Adrian , Duque‐Torres Alejandra , Seah Winston K.G. , Caicedo Rendon Oscar M. 
Published: September 2021

SummaryA heavy‐hitter (HH) network traffic flow consumes considerably more network resources than other flows combined. The classification of HHs is critical to provide, among others, the required level of Quality of Service and reliability in both conventional and data center networks. HH classification is typically threshold‐based. However, there is no consistent and accepted threshold or set of thresholds that would reliably classify flows. Furthermore, existing threshold‐driven approaches use counters (e.g., duration, packets, and bytes); thus, their accuracy depends on how complete the flow information is. This paper paves the way to threshold‐agnostic HH identification by proposing an approach that performs HH classification based on per‐flow packet size distribution (PSD) and template matching (TM). PSD allows capturing the behavior and dynamism of network traffic flows (even from their first few packets). TM enables to classify HHs by measuring the similarity between the PSD of observed flows and a set of master templates representing the flow size behavior of HH classes. We evaluated the PSD‐ and TM‐based approach using flows extracted from real traffic traces. Results show that our approach classifies HHs accurately and timely, corroborating that the threshold‐less perspective is feasible for HH identification.
Prevalence of oncology nurses' compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Algamdi Maaidah 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimTo systematically review and comprehensively analyse findings of studies reporting oncology nurses' compassion satisfaction (CS), burnout (BO) and secondary traumatic stress (STS), measured by the professional quality of life (ProQOL) scale, and explore CS and CF related factors.DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis of cross‐sectional and interventional studies.MethodElectronic databases were searched using keywords, and the review followed PRISMA guidelines. The prevalence of CS, BO and STS and their instrumental ratings were pooled using random effects meta‐analyses. Meta‐regression studies explored the effects of variables.ResultsFifteen studies (sample size 2,509) were reviewed, and nine were in the meta‐analysis. The prevalence of CS, BO, and STS were 22.89%, 62.79% and 66.84%, respectively. No substantial correlation was found for independent variables, possibly due to sample size. There was a weak negative correlation between CS and BO [−0.06(0.90)] and a weak positive correlation between CS and STS [0.20(0.70)].
Improved silicon optical parameters at 25°C, 295 K and 300 K including temperature coefficients
Authors: Green Martin A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAlthough the author's earlier tabulations of silicon's refractive index and absorption coefficient over a wide range of wavelengths have found wide use, recent luminescent measurements have shown that refinement is needed at wavelengths beyond 1200 nm. An updated dataset is described for lightly doped silicon tabulated over the 250‐ to 1450‐nm range in 10‐nm increments at three temperatures, 25°C, 295 K and 300 K, incorporating the most recent experimental results. Temperature coefficients are also included allowing reasonably accurate estimates of optical parameters over the much broader −24°C to 200°C range.
A reevaluation of the role of the ASIL trihelix transcription factors as repressors of the seed maturation program
Authors: Ruiz Kevin A. , Pelletier Julie M. , Wang Yuchi , Feng Min Jun , Behr Jacqueline S. , Ðào Thái Q. , Li Baohua , Kliebenstein Daniel , Harada John J. , Jenik Pablo D. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDevelopmental transitions are typically tightly controlled at the transcriptional level. Two of these transitions involve the induction of the embryo maturation program midway through seed development and its repression during the vegetative phase of plant growth. Very little is known about the factors responsible for this regulation during early embryogenesis, and only a couple of transcription factors have been characterized as repressors during the postgerminative phase. Arabidopsis 6b‐INTERACTING PROTEIN‐LIKE1 (ASIL1), a trihelix transcription factor, has been proposed to repress maturation both embryonically and postembryonically. Preliminary data also suggested that its closest paralog, ASIL2, might play a role as well. We used a transcriptomic approach, coupled with phenotypical observations, to test the hypothesis that ASIL1 and ASIL2 redundantly turn off maturation during both phases of growth. Our results indicate that, contrary to what was previously published, neither of the ASIL genes plays a role in the regulation of maturation, at any point during plant development. Analyses of gene ontology (GO)‐enriched terms and published transcriptomic datasets suggest that these genes might be involved in responses during the vegetative phase to certain biotic and abiotic stresses.
PAMAM‐containing semiconducting polymers: Effect of dendritic side chains on optoelectronic and solid‐state properties
Authors: Mason Gage T. , Nyayachavadi Audithya , Mooney Madison , Schlingman Kory , Rondeau‐Gagné Simon 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDendronized polymers are a particularly interesting platform for the preparation of advanced semiconductors given their high degree of functionalization, monodispersity, and bulkiness. Despite advantageous features, the incorporation of dendritic moieties in semiconducting polymers is still relatively underexplored, and the impact on the optoelectronic, thermomechanical, and solid‐state properties are difficult to predict. This work focuses on the incorporation of polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendritic side chains to semicrystalline polymers based on diketopyrrolopyrrole. Using a versatile synthetic strategy based on the azide‐alkyne Huisgen 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition, dendronized semiconducting polymers were prepared and the effect of the dendritic side chains on different properties were carefully characterized using different techniques. The dendritic side chains were found to reduce aggregation and crystallinity of the polymers in thin films. PAMAM‐containing semiconducting polymers were also shown to have good charge transport properties in organic field‐effect transistors, within the same order of magnitude to that of diketopyrrolopyrrole‐based polymers bearing branched alkyl chains. This new design approach is particularly interesting to develop advanced semiconducting polymers given its synthetic versatility and the structural diversity of the dendronized moieties. Furthermore, the utilization of dendritic moieties in semiconducting polymers is a promising approach to fine‐tune the thermomechanical properties toward semiconducting polymers for next‐generation organic electronics.
Influential factors in Black and White breast cancer survivors' beliefs about breast cancer
Authors: Edmonds Megan C. , Dahman Bassam , McGuire Kandace , Sheppard Vanessa B. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPurposeBreast cancer beliefs are widely studied to improve preventative screening behaviors in women without cancer; however, limited research has examined breast cancer beliefs among breast cancer survivors. To fill this gap in research we investigated racial differences and the predicting role of influential factors (e.g., stage) in survivors' beliefs about their breast cancer.MethodsThis study is a secondary analysis of data from the Narrowing Gap in Adjuvant Therapy Study (2006–2011), where Black (N = 210) and White women (N = 149) were interviewed within 20 weeks following their breast cancer diagnosis and primary surgery in Washington DC and Detroit, MI. Outcomes of this analysis were perceived susceptibility to a breast cancer recurrence and perceived severity of breast cancer. Bivariate analyses were conducted to assess racial differences in sample characteristics, and on the study outcomes. Adjusted multiple regression models examined correlates between independent variables (e.g., sociodemographic/clinical) and women's breast cancer beliefs about susceptibility of a recurrence and disease severity.ResultsMost of the sample were Black women (58%), had breast‐conserving surgery (64%), and were privately insured (67%). Black women reported higher perceived disease severity beliefs than White women (p = 0.004). Other associated factors with greater perceived severity beliefs included lower education (p = 0.008), public health insurance (p = 0.021) and greater levels of medical mistrust (p = 0.016). In our adjusted multiple regression models' women with lower satisfaction regarding financial aspects of their healthcare were more likely to have higher perceived severity beliefs (p = 0.007); women with stage II cancer compared to stage I had greater susceptibility beliefs to a cancer recurrence (p = 0.001).ConclusionWe found racial differences in women's perceived severity beliefs, and identified theory‐based clinical and psychosocial correlates in survivor's breast cancer beliefs by race. Specifically, women diagnosed at stage (II) compared to stage (I) reported greater perceived susceptibility to a recurrence. Survivors diagnosed at stage (I) and (III) cancers may serve as important target groups to monitor their surveillance and follow‐up behaviors. This study contributes salient predictors in survivors' beliefs about their BC and informs navigation strategies to improve cancer survivorship recommendations in the context of psycho‐oncology and follow‐up cancer care.
Long‐term predictors of loss of asthma control in school‐aged well‐controlled children with mild to moderate asthma: A 5‐year follow‐up
Authors: Hauerslev Marie , Garpvall Kalle , Marckmann Mads , Hermansen Mette N. , Hansen Kirsten S. , Chawes Bo L. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundLong‐term follow‐up studies establishing risk factors for loss of asthma control in well‐controlled children with mild to moderate disease are lacking and are of importance for improving patient quality of life and utilization of health‐care resources.MethodsLoss of asthma control was assessed in 146 school‐aged children with well‐controlled mild to moderate asthma from a Danish pediatric asthma outpatient clinic based on hospital admissions, emergency department (ED), or outpatient management of exacerbations, oral corticosteroid (OCS) use, or step‐up of regular asthma treatment according to Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guidelines through a 5‐year follow‐up period. Risk factors included sex, ethnicity, age, body mass index (BMI), atopic comorbidity and predisposition, lung function, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) level, exercise challenge test results, regular physical activity, GINA treatment step at baseline, and adherence to controller therapy.ResultsA total of 27 (18%) children experienced 56 acute events defined by hospital admission, ED, or outpatient management. Risk of experiencing any acute event was increased with female sex (adjusted odds ratio, aOR = 2.4 (1.0–5.9), p = 0.047) and higher baseline GINA treatment step (aOR = 1.6 (1.1–2.5), p = 0.03). Furthermore, female sex (aOR = 6.1 (1.4–42.2), p = 0.01) and higher FeNO (aOR = 1.8 (1.0–3.2), p = 0.04) were associated with OCS prescriptions, whereas no risk factors were identified for GINA treatment step‐up during the 5‐year follow‐up.ConclusionsFemale sex, higher FeNO, and higher baseline GINA treatment step increase the risk of long‐term loss of control including acute events and OCS use in well‐controlled children with mild to moderate asthma. These findings are important for primary physicians and clinicians in asthma outpatient clinics to identify seemingly well‐controlled children at risk to plan more frequent follow‐ups.
Highly educated skilled migrants are attracted to global cities: The case of Greek PhD holders
Authors: Labrianidis Lois , Sykas Theodosis , Sachini Evi , Karampekios Nikolaos 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate to what extent highly educated skilled Greek migrants are attracted to global cities. With the use of a novel database, we find that highly educated Greek migrants are attracted more to cities indexed as global than to cities that are not indexed as global. Moreover, the more the international indexes that list a city as global, the greater the number of such migrants this city receives; that is, these migrants prefer to live in those global cities that are considered to have the most attributes to be classified as such. We provide information on which specific cities these migrants live in, thus filling a gap in the relevant literature. Our data further support a well‐documented argument that there is a mutual beneficial relationship between skilled migrants and global cities to the extent that global cities create a favourable socio‐economic environment that attracts highly skilled migrants.
Extending the two‐stage single arm phase II clinical trial design to the delayed response scenario
Authors: Chen Bo , Zhao Xing , Zhang Juying 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTwo‐stage single arm designs are widely used in phase II clinical trials with binary endpoints. The trial may be stopped early due to insufficient positive responses in the first stage. There may be some enrolled subjects who have yet to respond by the end of the first stage, and their data are ignored if the first stage results in rejection of the trial. It is possible that the result after the first stage is rejection by a slim margin, while the results of pipeline subjects are quite positive. In this case, combining the data from the two sources may provide a valuable opportunity to rescue a promising treatment that was mistakenly rejected. We propose a novel double‐check design to take advantage of the pipeline subjects' data to establish a rescue criterion based on two‐stage design. When the rescue criterion is met, the decision to reject the trial at the end of the first stage can be reversed, allowing the trial to continue. A derivation based on a binomial distribution shows that the double‐check strategy can strictly preserve the type I error rate. Further examination shows that the strategy can provide a slight increase in overall power and a substantial increase in conditional power when the proportion of positive response at the end of the first stage is at the margin. The extra rescue opportunity's cost is pretty low, only a slight increasing in the expected sample size.
Three‐dimensional (3D) reconstruction and navigation in robotic‐assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) for renal masses in the solitary kidney: A comparative study
Authors: Li Le , Zeng Xing , Yang Chunguang , Un Waikeong , Hu Zhiquan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundNumerous efforts were made to improve renal function and oncologic outcomes in surgery for patients with kidney cancer. We explored new robotic methods in solitary kidneys.Materials and MethodsWe prospectively registered and included 16 patients in the 3D–robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) group with a solitary kidney (anatomic or functional), and retrospectively identified 25 patients with a solitary kidney who received RAPN also operated by us for comparison.ResultsThe rates of global clamping reduced in the 3D‐RAPN group (37.5% vs 76%)while selective rates were higher (56.2% vs 20%) (p = 0.028). The mean percentages of Scr increase (+20.2% vs +30.2%, p = 0.045) and eGFR reduction (−16.8% vs −27.1%) as well as rate of opening collecting systems (31.3% vs 72%, p = 0.010) were lower in 3D‐RAPN group.Conclusions3D‐RAPN less impaired the renal function of patients with a solitary kidney and showed superiority or non‐inferiority in other evaluation indexes compared to conventional RAPN.
Making concrete blocks by raw leachate and construction and demolition waste
Authors: Esmaeili Negar , Heidarzadeh Nima 
Published: September 2021

AbstractResearch was performed to determine if a viable concrete product can be produced using waste streams accumulating in landfills. The lack of recycling and reuse of construction and demolition (C&D), despite technical, economic, and environmental justifications, has led to the accumulation of C&D waste in landfills throughout Iran. Another issue with landfills in Iran is the existence of pools of municipal solid waste leachate, which has caused problems due to lack of treatment. In this study, by simultaneously utilizing raw municipal leachate and C&D waste in the concrete production process, an attempt was made to produce concrete that is environmentally sustainable and can be used in civil works. After crushing, the C&D waste was granulated into different sizes, its coarse aggregate was completely replaced, and 70% of its fine aggregate was replaced with natural aggregate to form concrete samples that were then made using different percentages of leachate. The utilization of the leachate and C&D waste for concrete production doubled the concrete slump and reduced the unconfined compressive strength of 7‐ and 28‐day curing time by 9 and 15.7 MPa, respectively, when compared to concrete produced with natural aggregates. A leaching procedure test showed that samples made using leachate and recycled C&D waste did not result in high concentrations of leachable heavy metals. Therefore, the study showed that low leachate percentages and recycled C&D wastes can be used in projects where high‐strength concrete is not necessary.