bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unilateral Multicanalicular Vestibular Lithiasis of Right Horizontal and Posterior Semicircular Canals: An Unusual Case
Authors: Vats Ajay Kumar 
Published: September 2021

AbstractVestibular lithiasis (canalolithiasis as well as cupulolithiasis) commonly exists in monocanalicular forms involving one of the three semicircular canals, frequent posterior, less frequent horizontal, and very rarely anterior. It is treated with canal clearing maneuvers intended to reposition the otoconia from the semicircular canal (where they have inappropriately entered) through the utricular exit in the nonampullary arm of the semicircular canal to the utricle (where they normally remain as a part of utricular gelatinous matrix). The cases of multicanalicular vestibular lithiasis with the involvement of more than one semicircular canal require meticulous identification of the involved canals and multiple different canal-clearing maneuvers for effective treatment. A 70-year-old male patient with no significant history of previous medical or otologic illnesses or head trauma presented with a 1-day history of vertigo with positional aggravation. A one-time performed diagnostic supine head roll test elicited three different patterns of positional nystagmus, each with an accurate localizing and lateralizing value. Diagnosis of unilateral multicanalicular vestibular lithiasis of right horizontal and posterior semicircular canals was entertained based on the pattern of the elicited positional nystagmi on the supine roll test. The upbeating torsional nystagmus that localizes the involvement to the posterior semicircular canal was paradoxically elicited by supine head roll test and not by the Dix–Hallpike test. As horizontal semicircular canalolithiasis causes severe symptoms, its treatment preceded that of concurrent posterior semicircular canalolithiasis. The patient was successfully treated with multiple sessions of canalith repositioning maneuvers (CRMs) spread over 24 hours. It is important to perform both positional tests, namely Dix–Hallpike maneuver, and supine head roll test, in cases suspected to have multicanalicular vestibular lithiasis. The positionings may need to be repeated several times to unveil multiple nystagmi, each with different localizing and lateralizing values. Identifying treatment priorities with CRM for the individual semicircular canals is crucial, and the canal that is liable to cause severe symptoms needs early clearance of the otoconial debris. If a CRM fails to clear a semicircular canal, an alternative maneuver may need to be executed. Clinicians involved in the care of cases with multicanalicular vestibular lithiasis should be well versed with all possible backup maneuvers for clearing each of the three semicircular canals.
A Young Patient with Horizontal Semicircular Cupulolithiasis with Immediate Response to the Therapeutic Head-Shaking Maneuver (HSM)
Authors: Vats Ajay Kumar 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe apogeotropic variant of horizontal semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is attributed to either short anterior ampullary arm canalolithiasis or to the cupulolithiasis with the otoconial debris adhering to the cupula on utricular (Cup-U) or canal side (Cup-C), rendering it heavy and gravity sensitive. The treatment options for horizontal semicircular cupulolithiasis are not very well defined. A 25-year-old female patient with 8 days history of vertigo on rolling to either of the lateral recumbent position presented in the first week of November 2019. The supine roll test (SRT) on yawing head maximally to the right as well as to the left elicited an apogeotropic horizontal positional nystagmus lasting more than 1 minute, which was stronger on the right side and indicated a diagnosis of left horizontal semicircular cupulolithiasis. Two short-term follow-ups at 1 and 24 hours after head-shaking maneuver (HSM), with verifying SRT, were undertaken. During either of the two follow-ups, neither the previously elicited horizontal positional nystagmus was observed, nor did the patient have vertigo on rolling to lateral recumbent positions. She was telephonically questioned weekly regarding the recurrence of rotational vertigo for the next 4 weeks, and it was confirmed that she remained symptom free till then. The therapeutic HSM, owing to the inertial forces generated, can detach the otoconial debris from the cupula that renders it heavy and gravity sensitive. Successful offloading of cupula by HSM brings immediate cure in the Cup-U variant of the horizontal semicircular cupulolithiasis.
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) internalization and passage through the Lactuca sativa (Asteraceae) outer cell wall
Authors: de Paiva Pinheiro Sergimar Kennedy , Rangel Miguel Thaiz Batista Azevedo , Chaves Marlos de Medeiros , Barros Francisco Claudio de Freitas , Farias Camila Pessoa , de Moura Thiago Alves , Ferreira Odair Pastor , Paschoal Alexandre Rocha , Souza Filho Antonio Gomes , de Castro Miguel Emilio 
Published: September 2021

Silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) toxicity is related to nanoparticle interaction with the cell wall of microorganisms and plants. This interaction alters cell wall conformation with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cell. With the increase of ROS in the cell, the dissolution of zero silver (Ag0) to ionic silver (Ag+) occurs, which is a strong oxidant agent to the cellular wall. AgNP interaction was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) on Lactuca sativa roots, and the mechanism of passage through the outer cell wall (OCW) was also proposed. The results suggest that Ag+ binds to the hydroxyls (OH) present in the cellulose structure, thus causing the breakdown of the hydrogen bonds. Changes in cell wall structure facilitate the passage of AgNPs, reaching the plasma membrane. According to the literature, silver nanoparticles with an average diameter of 15 nm are transported across the membrane into the cells by caveolines. This work describes the interaction between AgNPs and the cell wall and proposes a transport model through the outer cell wall.
Computational prediction of the effect of amino acid changes on the binding affinity between SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD and human ACE2
Authors: Chen Chen , Boorla Veda Sheersh , Banerjee Deepro , Chowdhury Ratul , Cavener Victoria S. , Nissly Ruth H. , Gontu Abhinay , Boyle Nina R. , Vandegrift Kurt , Nair Meera Surendran , Kuchipudi Suresh V. , Maranas Costas D. 
Published: September 2021

Significance
SARS-CoV-2 infection proceeds through the binding of viral surface spike protein to the human ACE2 protein. The global spread of the infection has led to the emergence of fitter and more transmissible variants with increased adaptation both in human and nonhuman hosts. Molecular simulations of the binding event between the spike and ACE2 proteins offer a route to assess potential increase or decrease in infectivity by measuring the change in binding strength. We trained a neural network model that accurately maps simulated binding energies to experimental changes in binding strength upon amino acid changes in the spike protein. This computational workflow can be used to a priori assess currently circulating and prospectively future viral variants for their affinity for hACE2.
DNA origami patterning of synthetic T cell receptors reveals spatial control of the sensitivity and kinetics of signal activation
Authors: Dong Rui , Aksel Tural , Chan Waipan , Germain Ronald N. , Vale Ronald D. , Douglas Shawn M. 
Published: September 2021

Significance
It has been proposed that the spatial arrangement of ligands plays a key role in regulating downstream intracellular signals. Because of methodological limitations in precise ligand patterning, however, the relationship between spatial configuration of clusters and signaling dynamics remains poorly understood. By developing a DNA-based molecular “pegboard” for ligand patterning, we demonstrated that the nanometer arrangement of ligands plays significant roles in modulating signal transduction in T cells. Ligand clustering not only affects the triggering sensitivity but also determines the temporal dynamics of the intracellular signaling response. Our approach is highly translatable for studying various signaling pathways, and our results provide insights into biomolecular engineering for therapeutic uses.
Integrating CDA with ideological rhetorical criticism in the investigation of Abe Cabinet’s discursive construction in “Indo-Pacific Strategy”
Authors: Tian Weiqi , Chai Hongmei , Lu Lin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn recent years, the Indo-Pacific strategy and the Quad concept have been introduced and advocated by various countries. Since the second term of Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, the “Indo-Pacific Strategy” has been widely promoted. Assisted by corpus linguistics, this paper aims to explore the implicit ideology by providing insight into the context model from CDA perspective, and to decode the discursive construction by combining “ideographs” and “policy triggers” as Ideological Rhetorical Criticism instructed. The study shows these political texts are rich in forms of rhetorical strategies of “routinization”, “hegemony”, “uniformization” and “naturalization” used to construct a discursive system to distinguish “them” from “us”, so that to realize political aims.
/ka-/ negative prefix of Choswateng Tibetan of Khams (Shangri-La, Yunnan)
Authors: Suzuki Hiroyuki , Lhamo Lozong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Choswateng Tibetan, spoken in the south-eastern corner of the Khams region, has three negative prefixes: /ȵi-/,
/ma-/, and /ka-/. The first two are derived from two morphemes which are ubiquitous across Tibetic languages, whereas the third is
a newly generated negative prefix found in Choswateng Tibetan as well as its surrounding dialects belonging to the rGyalthang
subgroup of Khams and its neighbours. This article describes the morphological feature and use of the prefix /ka-/ in Choswateng
Tibetan. Morphologically, the prefix /ka-/ can co-occur with most verbs except for the copulative verb /ˊreʔ/. Pragmatically, the
prefix /ka-/ occurs and is restricted in the following ways: (1) expresses ‘definitely not’ for statements regarding the self, and
‘possibly not, judging from the speaker’s knowledge’ for statements regarding others; (2) co-occurs with egophoric and sensory
evidentials; (3) is not used for a negation of accomplished aspect; and (4) does not deprive the function of the other two
negative prefixes. These two analyzes are mutually related; it is suggested that the reason why /ka-/ cannot co-occur with the
copulative verb /ˊreʔ/ is triggered by a contradiction of implied evidentials: /ka-/ is related to egophoric and sensory, whereas
/ˊreʔ/ is statemental. Following the description of its use, we discuss the origin of /ka-/, claiming a possible
grammaticalization from an interrogative word gar (‘where’ in Literary Tibetan and common throughout the
rGyalthang area) in a rhetorical question to a prefix. Referring to several morphological features of /ka-/, we consider its
grammaticalization as ongoing, but most advanced in Choswateng Tibetan.
Durability and repeatability of professional cyclists during a Grand Tour
Authors: Muriel Xabier , Mateo‐March Manuel , Valenzuela Pedro L. , Zabala Mikel , Lucia Alejandro , Pallares Jesús G. , Barranco‐Gil David 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTDurability and repeatability (i.e. the ability to sustain high power output values under fatigue and to endure repeated high‐intensity efforts, respectively) are emerging as cycling performance determinants. We aimed to analyze whether these markers differ between professional cyclists of two competition levels (WorldTour [WT] and Proteam [PT]) during a Grand Tour. We studied 8 WT and 7 PT cyclists who competed in “La Vuelta 2020”. Durability was assessed with the mean maximal power (MMP) values attained between 5 sec–30 min after different levels of mechanical work done (0–35 kJ·kg−1). Repeatability was assessed as the ability to repeat efforts >95% MMP. Although no differences were found for durability during the whole race (p = 0.209), a significant interaction effect was found in separate analyses by week (p = 0.011). Thus, during the first week and in the “fresh” state (0 kJ·kg−1), WT cyclists solely attained significantly higher MMP values for 30‐min efforts. However, these differences enlarged with accumulating levels of fatigue (e.g. significantly higher MMP values in WT cyclists for 30‐sec, 1‐min, 5‐min, 20‐min and 30‐min efforts after 35 kJ·kg−1). On the other hand, no between‐group differences were found in repeatability for the whole race (p = 0.777) or in separate analyses by week (p = 0.808). In summary, the present results support the role of durability (but not of repeatability) as a performance indicator during professional cycling races.Highlights
The present study suggests that cyclists from different professional team categories (WorldTour [WT] or ProTeam [PT]) show comparable mean maximal power (MMP) values during a Grand Tour when fatigue is not considered.
However, WT cyclists seem to attain greater MMP values than PT ones as the race progresses (from the first to the third week) and with accumulating levels of work done (from 0 to 35 kJ·kg−1) during a given stage.
In turn, no differences were found between WT and PT cyclists in the number of high‐intensity efforts (>95% of their individual MMP) performed during the race.
These findings would highlight the role of durability (the ability to attenuate fatigue‐induced decline in performance during prolonged exercise) as a determining factor of cycling performance.
Synthesis of vertically aligned wafer-scale tantalum disulfide using high-Ar/H2S ratio plasma
Authors: Seok Hyunho , Lee Inkoo , Cho Jinill , Sung Dougyong , Baek In-Keun , Lee Cheol-Hun , Kim Eungchul , Jeon Sanghuck , Park Kihong , Kim Taesung 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Nanostructural modification of two-dimensional (2D) materials has attracted significant attention for enhancing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity. In this study, the nanostructure of TaS2 films was controlled by controlling the Ar/H2S gas ratio used in plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). At a high Ar/H2S gas ratio, vertically aligned TaS2 (V-TaS2) films were formed over a large-area (4 in) at a temperature of 250 °C, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the lowest temperature reported for PECVD. Furthermore, the plasma species formed in the injected gas at various Ar/H2S gas ratios were analyzed using optical emission spectroscopy to determine the synthesis mechanism. In addition, the 4 in wafer-scale V-TaS2 was analyzed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy, and the HER performance of the as-synthesized TaS2 fabricated with various Ar/H2S ratios was measured. The results revealed that, depending on the film structure of TaS2, the HER performance can be enhanced owing to its structural advantage. Furthermore, the excellent stability and robustness of V-TaS2 was confirmed by conducting 1000 HER cycles and post-HER material characterization. This study provides important insights into the plasma-assisted nanostructural modification of 2D materials for application as enhanced electrocatalysts.
Perpendicular magnetization and exchange bias in epitaxial NiO/[Ni/Pt]2 multilayers
Authors: Huang Lin-Ao , Wang Mei-Yu , Wang Peng , Yuan Yuan , Liu Ruo-Bai , Liu Tian-Yu , Lu Yu , Chen Jia-Rui , Wei Lu-Jun , Zhang Wei , You Biao , Xu Qing-Yu , Du Jun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The realization of perpendicular magnetization and perpendicular exchange bias (PEB) in magnetic multilayers is important for the spintronic applications. NiO(t)/[Ni(4 nm)/Pt(1 nm)]2 multilayers with varying the NiO layer thickness t have been epitaxially deposited on SrTiO3 (001) substrates. Perpendicular magnetization can be achieved when t < 25 nm. Perpendicular magnetization originates from strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA), mainly resulting from interfacial strain induced by the lattice mismatch between the Ni and Pt layers. The PMA energy constant decreases monotonically with increasing t, due to the weakening of Ni (001) orientation and a little degradation of the Ni–Pt interface. Furthermore, significant PEB can be observed though NiO layer has spin compensated (001) crystalline plane. The PEB field increases monotonically with increasing t, which is considered to result from the thickness dependent anisotropy of the NiO layer.
First lattice QCD calculation of semileptonic decays of charmed-strange baryons Ξ
c

*
Authors: Zhang Qi-An , Hua Jun , Huang Fei , Li Renbo , Li Yuanyuan , Lü Caidian , Sun Peng , Sun Wei , Wang Wei , Yang Yibo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
While the standard model is the most successful theory to describe all the interactions and constituents of elementary particle physics, it has been constantly scrutinized for over four decades. Weak decays of charm quarks can be used to measure the coupling strength between quarks in different families and serve as an ideal probe for CP violation. As the lowest charm-strange baryons with three different flavors,

baryons (composed of

or

) have been extensively studied in experiments. In this study, we use state-of-the-art lattice QCD techniques to generate 2+1 clover fermion ensembles with two lattice spacings,

. Then, we present the first ab-initio lattice QCD calculation of the

form factors. Our theoretical results for the

decay widths are consistent with and approximately two times more precise than the latest measurements by the ALICE and Belle collaborations. Based on the latest experimental measurements, we independently obtain the quark-mixing matrix element

, which is in good agreement with results from other theoretical approaches.
Research on the Application of BIM Technology in Bridge Design
Authors: Li Pengcheng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
There are some practical problems in bridge engineering, such as high construction risk, special construction technology, complex construction equipment and so on, which lead to high difficulty in the construction activities of bridge engineering, especially large-scale bridge engineering. With its utilization in bridge design, BIM Tech can effectively guarantee the amelioration of bridge design quality and efficiency, which has important research value. Based on this, this paper first analyses the connotation and value of BIM Tech, and then studies the utilization points of BIM Tech in the bridge design stage. Finally, the utilization path of BIM Tech in bridge design is given.
Application of BIM technology in safety management of construction engineering
Authors: Yan Baohua 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In recent years, my country has made great breakthroughs in technical construction technology. B.IM is a new technology that has emerged [1] The most emerging solution has solved the role of safety management in construction projects. In the process of construction engineering, safety management bears the brunt of construction safety. It all depends on how well its foundation is built. However, for the safety of construction engineering, China still has a higher defense against BI M technology. It is just from a planning design. From the construction to the management stage, a unified and coordinated process. In order to better realize the construction project, the B IM technology is adopted, which seems to be a simple 3D 4D file. In fact, BM is not only convenient to use, but also extremely safe. The building information model is used by the digital building director to express that the construction of buildings in the world is simpler and more convenient than the traditional design for the use of traditional computer-aided design. Compared with traditional design, BIM can provide accurate information. Responsibilities of each participant of the project during their respective operation and work, responsible for the information they possess to add reasonable application of this building information model.
The Application of Big Data Technology in Computer Artificial Intelligence Technology
Authors: Zou Feng , Ye Lizhu , Liu Yunxiang , Zhou Yunfeng 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCompared with the traditional artificial intelligence design, the artificial intelligence automation design of big data has obvious economic applicability. In recent years, with the continuous development of the field of artificial intelligence design in China, artificial intelligence design has been effectively innovated and promoted, and big data technology, as the representative of which, also plays an obvious role. By expatiating the design, manufacturing and construction concepts of artificial intelligence in the new era, this paper analyzes the principle of big data technology and its deep integration with artificial intelligence.
Application of Big Data in Monitoring and Evaluation of Water Ecological Environment
Authors: Ma Huanying , Xiong Ying , Hou Xin , Shu Qiaosheng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Under the influence of the current society into information, big data analysis has been applied in various fields, and is no exception in the monitoring and evaluation of water ecological environment. It uses its own advantages to collect relevant data. It has far-reaching application in water environment monitoring and evaluation.
Research on Simulation Optimization and Construction of Deep Foundation Pit Earthwork Excavation Based on BP Nerve Network
Authors: Wei Yaping 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Deep foundation pit excavation not only faces complex hydro-geological and engineering geological conditions, but also meets many unknown engineering risks. Deep foundation pit excavation not only faces complex hydro-geological and engineering geological conditions, but also needs to make full use of BP nerve network. Based on this, this paper first analyzes the connotation and function of BP nerve network, then studies the simulation of deep foundation pit construction earthwork excavation, and finally gives the BP nerve network simulation and optimization method of deep foundation pit construction earthwork excavation.
Research on Road Route Selection Design Based on Google Earth Intelligent System
Authors: Zhao Xuetao 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
At present, in the field of road route selection design, the traditional auxiliary processing method has some shortcomings, such as high cost, not suitable for large-scale application and so on. Based on this, this paper first analyses the connotation of Google Earth and its role in road route selection design, then studies the specific application of Google Earth intelligent system in road route selection design, and finally gives the implementation path of road route selection design based on Google Earth.
Research on the Implementation of Recursive Algorithm Based on C Language
Authors: Zhu Zhigang , Sun Wei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In the utilization of C language, it often appears that the function calls itself directly or indirectly, that is, the function calls itself recursively. The recursive solution of the same kind of problem can be expressed by recursion, and the specific problem can be reduced by recursion. Based on this, this paper first analyses the concept and function of C language recursion, then studies the process description of recursion algorithm, and finally gives the implementation strategy of C language recursion algorithm.