bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long surgical waiting list times are associated with an increased rate of negative ureteroscopies
Authors: González-Padilla Daniel A. , González-Díaz Alejandro , Peña-Vallejo Helena , Santos Pérez de la Blanca Rocío , Teigell-Tobar Julio , Hernández-Arroyo Mario , Abad-López Pablo , Rodriguez-Antolin Alfredo , Cabrera-Meiras Fernando 
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Negative ureteroscopy (NURS) is “a ureteroscopy in which no stone is found during the procedure.” We aimed to determine the association between the surgical waiting list time (WLT) and the NURS rate.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed all patients scheduled for ureteroscopy in our center between January 2017 and July 2019. The inclusion criterion was unilateral semirigid ureteroscopy for a single ureteral stone; exclusion criteria were renal-only stones, incomplete ureteroscopy, and stones >10 mm. We analyzed age, gender, body mass index, stone size, density and location, presence of a temporary double-J (DJ) stent, use of medical expulsive therapy, and WLT. Complications while waiting for surgery were also collected and analyzed.
Results: We included 219 patients, 41 (18.7%) of whom had NURS. The median WLT was 74 days (interquartile range [IQR] 45–127). Variables protective against NURS were large stone size (odds ratio [OR] 0.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.66–0.93), presence of a temporary DJ stent (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.2–0.8), and radiopaque stones (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.21–0.88). A long WLT (>60 days) increased the risk of NURS (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.02–4.61). Complications requiring emergency department visits while waiting for surgery were documented in 58/137 (42.3%) patients with indwelling DJ stents; nonetheless, a WLT greater than the median was not associated with an increased risk of complications (p=0.38).
Conclusions: Long WLT has an independent, direct, and linear correlation with NURS rates. Patients at higher risk of NURS, may be offered preoperative re-evaluation with a computed tomography scan in a resource-limited setting.
Use of video education in post-operative patient counselling: A quality improvement initiative
Authors: Witherspoon Luke D.E. , Gan Ailsa M.L. , Breau Rodney H. , Saumure Ginette , Shea Jacqueline , Mallick Ranjeeta , Warren Jeffrey E. , Blew Brian , Cagiannos Ilias , Morash Christopher , Lavallée Luke T. 
Published: June 2021

Introduction: This quality improvement study examined if a video-based resource could reduce delayed discharges after robotic prostatectomy while maintaining high levels of patient satisfaction.
Methods: From April 2018 to February 2020, all patients undergoing robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) were asked to complete an anonymous survey evaluating their perioperative experience. The quality improvement (QI) intervention started in March 2019 with a series of six educational videos being shown to all patients. The videos were used to supplement postoperative instruction. The discharge times of all patients were obtained from The Ottawa Hospital Data Repositories. A run chart analysis was used to detect change in discharge time (outcome measure). Patient satisfaction (balancing measure) was analyzed using Chi-squared analysis and descriptive statistics.
Results: A total of 425 robotic prostatectomies (199 pre-intervention, 226 post-intervention) were available. Analysis of the run chart revealed non-random change favoring earlier discharge in the intervention group (p<0.05), with a pre-intervention late discharge rate of 64% and a post-intervention late discharge rate of 55%. A total of 140 surveys (59 pre-intervention, 81 post-intervention) assessing patient satisfaction were completed, corresponding with a response rate of 29.6% and 35.8%, respectively. Median score on a 10-point scale for overall satisfaction was equal between the intervention and non-intervention groups (9 [interquartile range (IQR 8–10) vs. 10 [IQR 8-10], p=0.92).
Conclusions: Patient satisfaction with care and education was high for all patients and was not negatively impacted by this intervention. Video education tools may be one method to help improve the discharge process following RARP.
Evaluation of the Effect of Fruit Juice Containing Bacillus Coagulans Probiotic Supplement on the Level of Immunoglobulins A, M and Lymphocytes in Two-Speed Athletes
Authors: Ebrahimi Elahe , Golshahi Maryam , Yazdi Samane , Mehdi Pirnia Mohammad 
Published: June 2021

Probiotics exert beneficial effects on their host health by creating microbial balance in the digestive system. The role of some probiotic strains in strengthening the immune system and reducing the risk of diseases, especially respiratory infections, has been proven in previous studies. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of probiotic supplementation containing Bacillus coagulans on the Runner athletes immune system. In this study, the effect of Bacillus coagulans probiotic on immunoglobulins A, M and monocytes count 60 male athlete sprints Evaluates that which were randomly divided into two groups of 30.For 3 months, the experimental group received a daily glass of probiotic juice containing 109 cfu / ml containing probiotic supplement and the control group received plain and no supplemental juice. During the study period, once every 2 weeks, One day after exercise (running 200 meters), blood samples were taken from all participants Then In the collected samples, IgA, IgM and lymphocytes were evaluated. Consumption of probiotic juice containing 2 × 109 f cfu/ml Bacillus coagulans probiotic supplement showed a significant difference in the amount of IgA, IgM and Lymphocyte between the experimental group and the control group. The results of this study showed that the consumption of juice containing probiotic supplement Bacillus coagulans can increase the level of immune factors IgM, IgA, lymphocytes and prevent the occurrence of diseases, especially respiratory infections, by improving the function of the immune system.
EVENT STRATIGRAPHY AND CORRELATION PROBLEMS OF THE ORDOVICIAN STRATA OF GORNY ALTAI AND SALAIR
Authors: Sennikov N. V. , Obut O. T. , Lykova E. V. , Timokhin A. V. , Khabibulina R. A. , Shcherbanenko T. A. 
Published: June 2021

Study of the Ordovician sedimentary sequences of Gorny Altai and Salair has revealed lithological and paleontological features correlating with global sedimentary events:(1) The Acerocare Regressive Event (an initial event in the Early Tremadocian);(2) Black Mountain Transgressive Event (Early Tremadocian);(3) Peltocare Regressive Event (Tremadocian);(4) Kelly Creek Regressive Event (Late Tremadocian);(5) Ceratopyge Regressive Event (Late Tremadocian);(6) Billingen Transgressive Event (Early Floian);(7) Stein Lowstand Event (Middle Darriwilian);(8) Vollen Lowstand Event (Sandbian);(9) Arestad Drowning Event (Middle Sandbian);(10) Frognerkilen Lowstand Event (Early Katian);(11) Linearis Drowning Events 1 and 2 (Middle Katian);(12) Terminal Husbergoya Lowstand Event (Hirnantian); and(13) Hirnantian Lowstand Event (HICE) (Late Ordovician).The chronostratigraphic levels with traces of the global sedimentary events in the Uymen-Lebed structural-facies zone (SFZ) (Gorny Altai) differ from those in the Charysh-Inya and Anui-Chuya SFZ (Altai). In the Ordovician, the Altai basin located in the Charysh-Inya and Anui-Chuya SFZ was a marine area separated from both the Uymen-Lebed basin and the coeval Salair basin. The traces of the global sedimentary and/or biotic events in the Altai and Salair sections can be used as a precise basis for direct correlation of the local stratigraphic units with the units of the International Stratigraphic Chart.
PLATINUM METAL MINERALIZATION OF THE SOUTH URALS MAGMATIC COMPLEXES: GEOLOGICAL AND GEODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF FORMATIONS, PROBLEMS OF THEIR GENESIS, AND PROSPECTS
Authors: Rakhimov I. R. , Saveliev D. E. , Vishnevskiy A. V. 
Published: June 2021

In the South Urals, we have identified and investigated two platinum-bearing formations – ophiolite chromitebearing complexes, and the Khudolaz differentiated mafic-ultramafic complex with sulfide Cu-Ni mineralization. The ophiolite chromite-bearing complexes include fragments of the upper mantle and lower crust of the Paleouralian Ocean, which were induced by collision onto the edge of the East European platform. The origin of the Khudolaz complex is related a mantle plume activity. Here, we review and compare the main features of platinum-metal mineralization (PMM) in these two formations.The article presents the results of mineralogical and geochemical studies of PMM associated with chromite and sulfide Cu-Ni ores. In association with chromitites, two types of PMM are distinguished: (1) predominating refractory platinoids in chromitites of the mantle unit of the section, and (2) predominating platinum and palladium in chromitites of the transitional wehrlite-clinopyroxenite complex. Compositions of platinum group minerals (PGM) and relations between their elements and host minerals suggest that the minerals of the ophiolite chromite-bearing complexes are of a restite origin, while the Khudolaz complex results from a combination of magmatic processes and solid-phase redistribution of material. Palladium (michenerite, froodite, merenskyite, borovskite, sudburyite) and platinum (sperrylite, moncheite) minerals are found in magmatic sulfide ores of the Khudolaz complex, which were subjected to hydrothermal metasomatization. Texture observations using electron microscope and optical (reflected light) images, as well as LA ICP MS analyses of sulfides suggest late- and post-magmatic crystallization of PMM in three phases: (1) immiscible metalloid or highly fractionated residual sulfide melts trapped in sulfides; (2) segregation of isomorphic impurities of platinum group elements (PGE) and chalcogenide elements from sulfide solid solutions; and (3) interaction of hydrothermal fluids with soluble sulfides.Prospective for PMM are extended bodies of disseminated chromitites in marginal dunites of the Kraka and Nurali massifs, and wehrlite-clinopyroxenite complexes of the same massifs containing PGE (above 500 ppb). In the Khudolaz complex, promising PMM bodies are low-metasomatized parts of sulfide ore bodies (1 ppm of ΣPGE and above) located in the largest massifs, Severny Buskun and Zapadny Karasaz. Exocontact zones of these intrusions are also promising for PMM.
Sedentary work and breast cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lee Jongin , Lee JaeYong , Lee Dong-Wook , Kim Hyoung-Ryoul , Kang Mo-Yeol 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Objectives
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess sedentary work’s contribution to breast cancer risk quantitatively using thorough research articles.

Methods
We performed a meta-analysis using a registered protocol in PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42020204629). Literature from PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane involving sedentary work and breast cancer risk was reviewed. We calculated the overall pooled risk ratios (RRs) and 95% CI with a random-effect model from the included studies. Furthermore, we performed stratified analyses by characteristics of studies.

Results
Thirty-one studies (13 cohort studies and 18 case-control studies) were included in the analysis. The overall effect of the pooled analysis was an RR of 1.16 (95% CI 1.08-1.23). The results were 1.20 (95% CI 1.10-1.30) and 1.12 (95% CI 1.02-1.23) for cohort and case-control studies. The effect of sedentary work did not seem to be consistently attenuated by controlling body mass index, menopausal status, or experience of hormone replacement therapy.

Conclusion
The results from this meta-analysis suggest that sedentary behavior within the occupational domain was associated with a 15.5% increased risk of breast cancer. It is essential to reduce the sedentary time spent at work and to secure time for leisure-time physical activity among sedentary workers as a primary preventive measure.
A solution to leader following of underactuated surface vessels with actuator magnitude and rate limits
Authors: Xia Guoqing , Xia Xiaoming , Zhao Bo , Sun Chuang , Sun Xianxin 
Published: June 2021

SummaryThis article investigates the leader following of underactuated surface vessels that operate in the presence of environmental disturbances, model uncertainties, and actuator saturation. What makes the design of controller challenging is that the sway cannot be directly controlled. Furthermore, the actuator is formulated with magnitude saturation and rate saturation. To express the effect of magnitude saturation and rate saturation, a continuous function is employed to model actuator. An auxiliary dynamic system is used to solve the problem of magnitude saturation and rate saturation. A disturbance observer is designed to provide estimation of the environmental disturbances and model uncertainties, and achieve finite time convergence of estimation error. A control law is designed based on disturbance observer, backstepping technique, and auxiliary dynamic system. The uniform ultimate boundedness of all signals in the closed‐loop control system is proved. Simulations demonstrate the performance of the proposed controller.
Functional Phenotype Flow Cytometry: On Chip Sorting of Individual Cells According to Responses to Stimuli
Authors: Nikiforov Petar O. , Hejja Beata , Chahwan Richard , Soeller Christian , Gielen Fabrice , Chimerel Catalin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe ability to effectively separate and isolate biological cells into specific and well‐defined subpopulations is crucial for the advancement of our understanding of cellular heterogeneity and its relevance to living systems. Here is described the development of the functional phenotype flow cytometer (FPFC), a new device designed to separate cells on the basis of their in situ real‐time phenotypic responses to stimuli. The FPFC performs a cascade of cell processing steps on a microfluidic platform: introduces biological cells one at a time into a solution of a biological reagent that acts as a stimulus, incubates the cells with the stimulus solution in a flow, and sorts the cells into subpopulations according to their phenotypic responses to the provided stimulus. The presented implementation of the FPFC uses intracellular fluorescence as a readout, incubates cells for 75 s, and operates at a throughput of up to 4 cells min−1—resulting in the profiling and sorting of hundreds of cells within a few hours. The design and operation of the FPFC are validated by sorting cells from the human Burkitt's lymphoma cancerous cell line Ramos on the basis of their response to activation of the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) by a targeted monoclonal antibody.
Dynamic modeling and tracking for nonholonomic mobile robot using PID and back‐stepping
Authors: Yousuf Bilal M. , Saboor Khan Abdul , Munir Khan Sana 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis article presents the motion control of nonholonomic two‐wheeled differential drive portable robot in terms of dynamic and kinematic model. The main problem lies in the demonstration of a versatile robot in dynamic behavior. The controller is planned in two sections, initially, a linear controller is configured utilizing the PID control strategy. In the subsequent stage, the control algorithm is designed utilizing the back‐stepping controller. An examination has been done between the two controllers and simulation result shows the adequacy of the exhibitions. These simulations show great coordinate outcomes while limiting the overshoot and improved the transient reaction time.
Asymmetric Trilayer All‐Polymer Dielectric Composites with Simultaneous High Efficiency and High Energy Density: A Novel Design Targeting Advanced Energy Storage Capacitors
Authors: Sun Liang , Shi Zhicheng , He Benlin , Wang Huanlei , Liu Shuai , Huang Minghua , Shi Jing , Dastan Davoud , Wang Hong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPolymeric dielectrics have attracted intensive attention worldwide because of their huge potential for advanced energy storage capacitors. Thus far, various effective strategies have been developed to improve the inherent low energy densities of polymer dielectrics. However, enhanced energy density is always accompanied by suppressed discharge efficiency, which is detrimental to practical applications and deserves considerable concern. Targeting at achieving simultaneous high energy density and high discharge efficiency, the unique design of asymmetric all‐polymer trilayer composite consisting of a transition layer sandwiched by a linear dielectric layer and a nonlinear dielectric layer is herein reported. It is demonstrated that the nonlinear dielectric layer offers high energy density, while the linear dielectric layer provides high discharge efficiency. Especially, the transition layer can effectively homogenize the electric field distribution, resulting in greatly elevated breakdown strength and improved energy density. In particular, a high efficiency of 89.9% along with a high energy density of 12.15 J cm−3 are concurrently obtained. The asymmetric trilayer all‐polymer design strategy represents a new way to achieve high‐performance dielectric energy storage materials.
Developing “Polymer‐in‐Salt” High Voltage Electrolyte Based on Composite Lithium Salts for Solid‐State Li Metal Batteries
Authors: Li Hao , Du Yunfei , Wu Xiaomeng , Xie Jingying , Lian Fang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe stringent demands for lithium salts make the design of “polymer‐in‐salt” type solid electrolyte restricted since it was proposed in 1993. Herein, a novel polymer‐in‐salt solid electrolyte is developed via a supramolecular strategy based on poly(methyl vinyl ether‐alt‐maleic anhydride) (PME) and novel single‐ion lithiated polyvinyl formal (LiPVFM)/lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) composite salts (Dual‐Li). Hydroxyl of LiPVFM in Dual‐Li forms a strong hydrogen bond with the carboxylic acid group generated by the partial ring‐opening reaction of maleic anhydride in PME. Meanwhile, PME with abundant carbonyl enables the improved LiTFSI coordination in the polymer/salt composites. As a result, the greatly enhanced mutual solubility of PME and Dual‐Li is of importance to build a “polymer‐in‐salt” solid electrolyte (PISE), which exhibits high ionic conductivity of 3.57 × 10–4 S cm–1, wide electrochemical window beyond 5 V, and superior lithium‐ion transference number of 0.62 at 25 °C as well as excellent interfacial compatibility with electrodes. The as‐assembled LiCoO2||Li solid batteries present prominent high‐voltage cyclability with 89.2% capacity retention in 225 cycles. Furthermore, LiNi0.7Mn0.2Co0.1O2||Li pouch cells exhibit remarkable safety even under harsh conditions. The study offers a promising strategy to address the high voltage compatibility and interfacial issues using PISE in solid‐state batteries.
Inhibiting Surface Diffusion to Synthesize 3D Bicontinuous Nanoporous N‐Doped Carbon for Boosting Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Flexible All‐Solid‐State Al‐Air Batteries
Authors: Hu Kailong , Yu Tingting , Zhang Yanyi , Lin Xiaorong , Zhao Yilu , Xie Guoqiang , Liu Xingjun , Lin Xi , Fujita Jun‐ichi , Qiu Hua‐Jun , Ito Yoshikazu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCatalyzing oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and accelerating oxygen diffusion are two key challenges for the requirements of the cathode catalysts in the metal‐air batteries. A promising strategy for improving both ORR performance and mass diffusion simultaneously is to build carbon‐based catalysts with ORR‐active chemical dopants and 3D interconnected porosity. Herein, a 3D nanoporous N‐doped carbon with bicontinuous porosity and interconnected open‐pore channels is reported, which is prepared by a polyaniline‐assisted template method. The polyaniline can efficiently inhibit the surface diffusion‐caused template coarsening, achieving a small pore size of 35 nm. The small porous morphology gives rise to a high N‐dopant concentration up to 7.20 at.%, which in turn exhibits a commercial Pt/C‐comparable ORR performance together with satisfied durability in alkaline media. Using these nanoporous carbon catalysts as air electrodes, an all‐solid‐state flexible Al‐air battery is assembled with the measured maximum power density reaching 130.5 mW cm−2, as compared to 106.2 mW cm−2 when the commercial Pt/C standard is used. This study provides an efficient method to synthesize 3D N‐doped carbon with bicontinuous nano‐sized pore channels for wide‐ranging applications in portable and flexible devices.
Bifunctional SnO2 Colloid Offers No Annealing Effect Compact Layer and Mesoporous Scaffold for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Xiong Liangbin , Li Jiashuai , Ye Feihong , Wang Haibing , Guo Yaxiong , Ming Xing , Chen Qingyun , Zhang Shaoan , Xie Ruihao , Chen Zhanxu , Lv Yang , Hu Guangqi , He Yingji , Fang Guojia 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSnO2 compact layer (c‐SnO2) frequently suffers from degradation in high temperature processes (HTP) such as crack, worse interfacial contact, and electrical properties, that is, annealing effect. To solve this problem, a kind of bifunctional SnO2 colloid is developed by using small molecular oxalate whose organic components can be removed clearly at a low temperature process (LTP). The c‐SnO2 and SnO2 mesoporous layer (m‐SnO2) derived from the fresh and aged sols with the same colloid show no annealing effect, decreasing oxygen vacancy, and adsorbing water on increasing annealing temperature. The champion devices of LTP and HTP SnO2 planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs) achieve, respectively, stabilized photoelectric conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 20.74% and 20.70%. In contrast, the performance of champion devices of their mesoporous counterparts is significantly improved, showing nearly hysteresis free character with stabilized PCEs of 22.40% and 22.37%, respectively. The inclusion of m‐SnO2 plays a role of an energy bridge, improving electrons collection efficiency, which is supported by photoluminescence and transient photoluminescence characterizations. HTP SnO2 mesoporous PSCs can preserve 97.6% and 80% of their initial PCEs after aging for 25 weeks and 8‐h irradiated/16‐h dark cycle within 104 h. The high stability of HTP SnO2 PSCs may ascribe to low oxygen vacancy and adsorbed water of HTP SnO2.
Low Power MoS2/Nb2O5 Memtransistor Device with Highly Reliable Heterosynaptic Plasticity
Authors: Nam Jae Hyeon , Oh Seyoung , Jang Hye Yeon , Kwon Ojun , Park Heejeong , Park Woojin , Kwon Jung‐Dae , Kim Yonghun , Cho Byungjin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractArtificial synapses based on 2D MoS2 memtransistors have recently attracted considerable attention as a promising device architecture for complex neuromorphic systems. However, previous memtransistor devices occasionally cause uncontrollable analog switching and unreliable synaptic plasticity due to random variations in the field‐induced defect migration. Herein, a highly reliable 2D MoS2/Nb2O5 heterostructure memtransistor device is demonstrated, in which the Nb2O5 interlayer thickness is a critical material parameter to induce and tune analog switching characteristics of the 2D MoS2. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and photoluminescence analyses reveal that the Schottky barrier height at the 2D channel–electrode junction of the MoS2/Nb2O5 heterostructure films is increased, leading to more effective contact barrier modulation and allowing more reliable resistive switching. The 2D/oxide memtransistors attain dual‐terminal (drain and gate) stimulated heterosynaptic plasticity and highly precise multi‐states. In addition, the memtransistor devices show an extremely low power consumption of ≈6 pJ and reliable potentiation/depression endurance characteristics over 2000 pulses. A high pattern recognition accuracy of ≈94.2% is finally achieved from the synaptic plasticity modulated by the drain pulse configuration using an image pattern recognition simulation. Thus, the novel 2D/oxide memtransistor makes a potential neuromorphic circuitry more flexible and energy‐efficient, promoting the development of more advanced neuromorphic systems.