bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O DESAFIO DA CONCRETIZAÇÃO E EFETIVA PROTEÇÃO DOS DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS EM TEMPOS DE CRISE DA PÓS MODERNIDADE
Authors: Amorim Renata Alves 
Published: April 2021

A realidade global contemporânea, seus novos rearranjos sócias, políticos econômicos permitiram novos debates sobre a compreensão da performance do Estado Democrático de Direito, do conteúdo constitucional e da sistemática de proteção de direitos fundamentais, pois embora o princípio da preservação da dignidade da pessoa humana tenha adquirido o status normativo mais significativo já percebido, os desafios da modernidade como o agravamento de desigualdades, de mazelas sociais, e instabilidades econômicas e políticas, acabam por fomentar frustrações sistemáticas quanto às expectativas democráticas frente à realidade social, que geram inquietações relevantes quanto ao desafio da efetiva concretização e proteção dos direitos fundamentais na sociedade. Busca-se portanto, evidenciar a paulatina recepção desses direitos fundamentais no ordenamento jurídico ocidental, sua essencialidade e progressiva positivação como guião emancipatórios em prol do desenvolvimento social, com a finalidade de propor uma releitura paradigmática conforme o posicionamento de Boaventura de Sousa dos Santos e sua interpretação crítica sobre tal problemática, na tentativa de corroborar o papel fundamental tanto do Estado Democrático de Direito como da sociedade civil na renovação do caráter emancipatório do direito.
UMA VISÃO SOBRE AÇÃO, PROVA E PENA AO LOGO DA HISTÓRIA
Authors: Brambilla Taciany Amaral de Figueiredo 
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho está centrado na verificação da evolução dos institutos penais: ação, prova e pena no decorrer da história, nas civilizações que influenciaram a formação do pensamento criminal ocidental. Com isso pretende-se oferecer bases para a compreensão dos referidos institutos e lançar luzes sobre seu desenvolvimento atual, de forma a evitar equívocos cometidos no passado. Para tanto, será realizado um excurso histórico que remonta as sociedades arcaicas e clássicas, ao processo pré-moderno, processo moderno, processo contemporâneo e ao 11 de setembro juntamente com suas repercussões nas ciências criminais. Para desenvolver a referida pesquisa foi utilizada a abordagem dedutiva e indutiva a partir da pesquisa bibliográfica, na qual a análise de dados se realizou mediante a análise de conteúdo para a produção de uma pesquisa com finalidade descritiva. Palavras-chave: Ação; Prova; Pena; História; Pensamento Criminal Ocidental.
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN CABAI MERAH TERHADAP BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI GARAM PADA INCEPTISOL JATINANGOR
Authors: Perdana Ibnu Rizki , S Mieke Rochimi , Suryatmana Pujawati 
Published: April 2021

Chili (Capsicum annum L) was one of the vegetable commodities that have a significant economic value. Farmland narrowed due to land conversion led to a shift of fertile agricultural lands into marginal lands such as saline land. This research aimed to determine respond of chili plant growth to salinity stress in Inceptisols. The experiment was conducted in August-October 2020 with located at Ciparanje Experimental field of Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor District, Sumedang Regency. This research used randomized block design using four level treatment of NaCl concentration: 0 dS/m (a0), 2 dS/m (a1), 4 dS/m (a2), and 6 dS/m (a3). The result showed that there was no significant between treatment soil salinization of plant growth parameters like plant height and shoot root ratio but significant of number of leaves at 7 day after plant and canopy width at 28 day after plant on treatment salinization 6 dS/m.
Identification of Salmonella spp. strains in poultry products and their impact on Public Health
Authors: JUNCU Olga , STARCIUC Nicolae , OSADCI Natalia , ANTOHII Tatiana 
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Poultry meat and eggs represent a risk of contamination with zoonotic bacterial agents. This requires permanent laboratory monitoring throughout the production chain segment.
Material and methods. The research material consisted of samples retrieved from poultry carcasses and eggs for current consumption. There were examined 80 samples of eggs and 110 samples of poultry carcasses.
Results. S. Gallinarum, S. Enteritidis and S. Infantins serotypes were isolated in 12.7% of samples out of 110 examined carcasses, whereas S. Gallinarum, S. Dublin și S. Typhimurium serotypes were detected in 6.25% of 80 egg samples.
Conclusions. Bacteriological research on poultry carcasses and eggs showed the presence of pathogenic serotypes of Salmonella spp., which is a major risk to public health.
One Channel to Rule Them All? Constraining the Origins of Binary Black Holes Using Multiple Formation Pathways
Authors: Zevin Michael , Bavera Simone S. , Berry Christopher P. L. , Kalogera Vicky , Fragos Tassos , Marchant Pablo , Rodriguez Carl L. , Antonini Fabio , Holz Daniel E. , Pankow Chris 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The second LIGO–Virgo catalog of gravitational-wave (GW) transients has more than quadrupled the observational sample of binary black holes. We analyze this catalog using a suite of five state-of-the-art binary black hole population models covering a range of isolated and dynamical formation channels and infer branching fractions between channels as well as constraints on uncertain physical processes that impact the observational properties of mergers. Given our set of formation models, we find significant differences between the branching fractions of the underlying and detectable populations, and the diversity of detections suggests that multiple formation channels are at play. A mixture of channels is strongly preferred over any single channel dominating the detected population: an individual channel does not contribute to more than ≃70% of the observational sample of binary black holes. We calculate the preference between the natal spin assumptions and common-envelope efficiencies in our models, favoring natal spins of isolated black holes of ≲0.1 and marginally preferring common-envelope efficiencies of ≳2.0 while strongly disfavoring highly inefficient common envelopes. We show that it is essential to consider multiple channels when interpreting GW catalogs, as inference on branching fractions and physical prescriptions becomes biased when contributing formation scenarios are not considered or incorrect physical prescriptions are assumed. Although our quantitative results can be affected by uncertain assumptions in model predictions, our methodology is capable of including models with updated theoretical considerations and additional formation channels.
Technique for Separating Velocity and Density Contributions in Spectroscopic Data and Its Application to Studying Turbulence and Magnetic Fields
Authors: Yuen Ka Ho , Ho Ka Wai , Lazarian Alex 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Based on the theoretical description of position–position–velocity (PPV) statistics in Lazarian & Pogosyan, we introduce a new technique called the velocity decomposition algorithm (VDA) for separating the PPV fluctuations arising from velocity and density fluctuations. Using MHD turbulence simulations, we demonstrate its promise in retrieving the velocity fluctuations from the PPV cube in various physical conditions and its prospects in accurately tracing the magnetic field. We find that for localized clouds, the velocity fluctuations are most prominent in the wing part of the spectral line, and they dominate the density fluctuations. The same velocity dominance applies to extended H i regions undergoing galactic rotation. Our numerical experiment demonstrates that velocity channels arising from the cold phase of atomic hydrogen (H i) are still affected by velocity fluctuations at small scales. We apply the VDA to H i GALFA-DR2 data corresponding to the high-velocity cloud HVC186+19-114 and high-latitude galactic diffuse H i data. Our study confirms the crucial role of velocity fluctuations in explaining why linear structures are observed within PPV cubes. We discuss the implications of VDA for both magnetic field studies and predicting polarized galactic emission that acts as the foreground for cosmic microwave background studies. Additionally, we address the controversy related to the filamentary nature of the H i channel maps and explain the importance of velocity fluctuations in the formation of structures in PPV data cubes. VDA will allow astronomers to obtain velocity fluctuations from almost every piece of spectroscopic PPV data and allow direct investigations of the turbulent velocity field in observations.
Discovery and Timing of Three Millisecond Pulsars in Radio and Gamma-Rays with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope and Fermi Large Area Telescope
Authors: Bhattacharyya B. , Roy J. , Johnson T. J. , Ray P. S. , Freire P. C. C. , Gupta Y. , Bhattacharya D. , Kaninghat A. , Stappers B. W. , Ferrara E. C. , Sengupta S. , Rathour R. S. , Kerr M. , Smith D. A. , Parkinson P. M. Saz , Ransom S. M. , Michelson P. F. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We performed deep observations to search for radio pulsations in the directions of 375 unassociated Fermi Large Area Telescope γ-ray sources using the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) at 322 and 607 MHz. In this paper we report the discovery of three millisecond pulsars (MSPs), PSR J0248+4230, PSR J1207–5050, and PSR J1536–4948. We conducted follow-up timing observations for ∼5 yr with the GMRT and derived phase-coherent timing models for these MSPs. PSR J0248+4230 and J1207–5050 are isolated MSPs having periodicities of 2.60 ms and 4.84 ms. PSR J1536–4948 is a 3.07 ms pulsar in a binary system with an orbital period of ∼62 days about a companion of a minimum mass of 0.32 M
⊙. We also present multifrequency pulse profiles of these MSPs from the GMRT observations. PSR J1536–4948 is an MSP with an extremely wide pulse profile having multiple components. Using the radio timing ephemeris we subsequently detected γ-ray pulsations from these three MSPs, confirming them as the sources powering the γ-ray emission. For PSR J1536–4948 we performed combined radio–γ-ray timing using ∼11.6 yr of γ-ray pulse times of arrival (TOAs) along with the radio TOAs. PSR J1536–4948 also shows evidence for pulsed γ-ray emission out to above 25 GeV, confirming earlier associations of this MSP with a ≥10 GeV point source. The multiwavelength pulse profiles of all three MSPs offer challenges to models of radio and γ-ray emission in pulsar magnetospheres.
Rotational Mass Shedding from Asteroid (6478) Gault
Authors: Luu Jane X. , Jewitt David C. , Mutchler Max , Agarwal Jessica , Kim Yoonyoung , Li Jing , Weaver Harold 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The ∼4 km diameter main belt asteroid 6478 Gault has ejected dust intermittently since at least 2013. The character of the emission, including its episodic nature and the low speed of the ejected particles (V ∼ 0.15 m s−1), is most consistent with mass loss from a body rotating near rotational breakup. Owing to dust contamination of the nucleus signal, this conclusion had not yet been confirmed. To test this idea, we have obtained new images of Gault in 2020 August in the absence of dust. Our photometry shows a lightcurve with a very small amplitude (maximum ∼0.05 mag) and a periodicity of 2.55 ± 0.10 hr. The new observations are consistent with a model in which Gault is rotating near breakup, with centrifugal forces responsible for its episodic mass loss. Approximated as a strengthless (fluid) spherical body, the implied density is ρ = 1700 kg m−3. We use the Froude number Fr, defined here as the ratio between centrifugal force and gravitational force, as a way to investigate mass-loss regimes in fast-spinning asteroids and find that mass shedding starts at Fr ∼ 0.5.
Proxy-based Prediction of Solar Extreme Ultraviolet Emission Using Deep Learning
Authors: Pineci Anthony , Sadowski Peter , Gaidos Eric , Sun 孙旭 Xudong 东 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
High-energy radiation from the Sun governs the behavior of Earth’s upper atmosphere and such radiation from any planet-hosting star can drive the long-term evolution of a planetary atmosphere. However, much of this radiation is unobservable because of absorption by Earth’s atmosphere and the interstellar medium. This motivates the identification of a proxy that can be readily observed from the ground. Here, we evaluate absorption in the near-infrared 1083 nm triplet line of neutral orthohelium as a proxy for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) emission in the 30.4 nm line of He ii and 17.1 nm line of Fe ix from the Sun. We apply deep learning to model the nonlinear relationships, training and validating the model on historical, contemporaneous images of the solar disk acquired in the triplet He i line by the ground-based SOLIS observatory and in the EUV by the NASA Solar Dynamics Observatory. The model is a fully convolutional neural network that incorporates spatial information and accounts for the projection of the spherical Sun to 2d images. Using normalized target values, results indicate a median pixelwise relative error of 20% and a mean disk-integrated flux error of 7% on a held-out test set. Qualitatively, the model learns the complex spatial correlations between He i absorption and EUV emission has a predictive ability superior to that of a pixel-by-pixel model; it can also distinguish active regions from high-absorption filaments that do not result in EUV emission.
First record of two squirrelfishes, Sargocentron spinosissimum and Sargocentron tiereoides (Actinopterygii, Beryciformes, Holocentridae) from the Egyptian Mediterranean coast
Authors: Deef Lamiaa Elsayed Mokhtar 
Published: April 2021

Holocentrinae and Myripristinae (Holocentridae) are among the most apparent species in the nocturnal reef fish community. However, there is no clear assent regarding their phylogenetic relations, which is reported in their complicated taxonomic history. In this study, Sargocentron spinosissimum (Temminck et Schlegel, 1843) and Sargocentron tiereoides (Bleeker, 1853) were reported from the Mediterranean coast of Egypt (Damietta coast). This is the first record of these species which is greatly distributed across Indo-Pacific regions and eastern Africa showed the success of these species to migrate to the Mediterranean water with a good adaptation to the new habitats.
In the presently reported study, 26 morphometric measurements were recorded and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) barcodes were recovered for a total of 20 specimens (8 from S. spinosissimum and 12 from S. tiereoides).
The specimens from the Damietta coast, Egypt show character states diagnostic of S. spinosissimum: Head is curved. Spinous dorsal fin base straight. Soft dorsal fin base slightly raised. Spinous dorsal fin membranes red. Anterior margin of pelvic and anal fins white. Other fin rays are red. While character states diagnostic of S. tiereoides: Head is straight and pointed. Spinous dorsal fin base almost straight. Soft dorsal fin base not raised and spinous dorsal fin membranes vaguely red. Sequences of both species were submitted to the GenBank and Barcode of Life Database (BOLD) publication database which displayed 99%–100% similarity value S. tiereoides from GenBank and BOLD databases but, S. spinosissimum has not any deposited sequences from GenBank or BOLD.
DNA barcoding based on COI gene was demonstrated as a powerful and useful molecular marker in the identification and differentiation of S. spinosissimum and S. tiereoides fish species.
Beware the Tyranny, Resulted by Impact Factor Mania Among the Scientists: A Critical Review
Authors: Jayasundara C. C. 
Published: April 2021

Publishing articles in high-ranked journals brings a higher payoff that designates a greater likelihood of scholastic success of academics and researchers. In the present climate, it provides many opportunities for researchers to be in a "Golden Club" and catch a great deal of offers from Head-hunters, particularly for jobs, research grants, and consultancies, as many people in the research/academic industry still rely on the fact that greater impact is widely apparent in high ranked journals and the journals with high Impact Factor (IF). In universities, many researchers in academic administration positions, who have already progressed with high visibility by publishing research in journals with high IF, always attempt to put into action the same level of requirements and stipulations in publications for tenure decisions of academic and research staff together with rewarding and endowing perks including financial incentives. Assessing junior colleagues purely by exercising the IF score or journal ranks in senior researchers' mind-set has been widely prevalent in academia in the global context. Enforcing rules and regulations for promotion, recruitment, and financial incentives for tenure decisions only for the publications in high profiled journals with top IF is a kind of mania. It, in turn, creates a dismantle discrimination and precede for academic bullying and professional prejudice in universities. Thus, this paper discusses some of the problems with IF and journal ranking mechanisms, which consist of prevailing distortions in the scientific industry by disclosing the failures to predict the definite impact and creation of perverse incentives. It further proposes some points to be taken for reforming/devising an appropriate mechanism targeting the definite impact of essential scientific values of research and researchers that can be readily used for measuring the impact.
Residential Indoor Radon Assessment in the Vicinity of some Dumpsites in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Olaoye M.A. , Ademola A.K. , Jegede O. 
Published: April 2021

Dumpsites in Nigeria are generally open and significantly elevate the pollution and contamination level of the total environment. Indoor radon was measured with CR-39 detectors in some buildings in the vicinity of dumpsites in Lagos, Nigeria. Eight (8) dumpsites (4 dormant and 4 active dumpsites) were chosen for this study. Detectors were exposed in 50 houses randomly selected within 0 and 100m away from the dumpsites. The detectors were exposed for 3 months. They were then retrieved and etched in a 6M NaOH solution in a water-bath at a temperature of 90o C for 3 hours. Tracks were counted using a semi-automatic system with a DCE camera mounted on a microscope and connected to a PC. Radon concentration ranged from 24.00±4.86 to 656.00±131.20 Bqm-3 in the active dumpsites.Mean concentrations were 120.3±24.0, 257±51.4, 179.8±33.6, and 131.5±19.4, respectively in Oke-Odo, MRF, Olusosun, and Solus-3. In the dormant sites, concentration ranged from 16±3.2 to 931±186.3 Bqm-3 having means of 194.17±38.80, 206.75±41.33, 223.25±44.69, and 334±66.85Bqm-3 , respectively in Oke-Afa, Solus-1, Solus-2, and Solus-4. The annual effective dose and cancer risk in the active and dormant dumpsites were (3.60 mSv, 8.97 per million person-yearly) and (4.53 mSv, 12.47 per million person-yearly), respectively. This study revealed some high value of radon concentrations in some houses close to the dormant dumpsites than in the active dumpsites. This is unsafe and can cause severe health issues in the long term.
Keywords: Radon, dumpsites, Olusosun, CR-39, buildings, Lagos state, SOLUS
Assessment of Indoor Air Quality and Health Impact associated with the use of Different Types of Cooking Stoves amongst Rural Households in Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: Olaoye I.J. , Akingbade A.V. , Alatise I. 
Published: April 2021

The study focused on assessing the health impact of indoor air pollution and coping strategies adopted among rural households in Kwara state, Nigeria. A three-stage random sampling techniques was used to select 150 household respondents. The data for the study were collected using a well-structured questionnaire and an MSA gas-detector used to monitor the concentration of Carbon-monoxide (CO), Sulphur-dioxide (SO2) and Hydrogensulphide (H2S) pollutants. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to analyze the data. However, the result revealed that the mean concentration of CO, SO2 and H2S in the kitchen during cooking were 77.20, 1.97 and 0.25 parts-per millions (ppm) respectively. The World Health recommends exposure limits of 35ppm for 1hour and 9ppm for 8hours for CO concentration in a household. While, the recommended exposure limits of 0.5ppm and 1.0ppm for 8 hours, and 5.0ppm and 10.0ppm for 15minutes for SO2 and H2S concentrations in a household respectively. Eye irritation, Sneezing and headache were the 1st, 2nd and 3rd perceived health problems found to be associated with indoor air pollution. Also, the Pearson χ2 result (15.051, 15.454, and 11.853 with P<0.05) revealed that cold/catarrh/cough, headache/fever, and body pain ailments respectively have significant association with types of cooking stove used by rural households. Thus, inefficient wood and charcoal stoves influence rural household health negatively and they cope by adopting indigenous management practices.
Keywords: Pollution, concentration, irritation, stove, ailments
Evaluation of Water Quality Index Using Physicochemical Characteristics of Ogbor River in Aba, Abia State, Nigeria
Authors: Okey-Wokeh C.G. , Obunwo C.C. , Wokeh O.K. 
Published: April 2021

The study was carried out to evaluate water quality index (WQI) of Ogbor River, a freshwater system flowing through the commercial city of Aba, Southern Nigeria using selected physicochemical parameters. The levels of the physicochemical parameters were determined using standard analytical procedures in the Laboratory. The values obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using Excel spreadsheet (Version 16).Water Quality index was calculated using mean values of the selected nine parameters and the World Health Organisation standard for drinking water. The result of physicochemical parameters used showed that Dissolved Oxygen (DO) with mean 4.44 ± 0.70 mg/L, and Nitrate (NO3- ) with mean 7.58 ± 6.25 mg/L were below National and International standards. The value of WQI calculated was 83.05. The result revealed that Ogbor River water quality was very poor, so it is unfit for human consumption, and should be treated to avoid water related diseases.
Keywords: Characteristics, Evaluation, Ogbor River, Physicochemical, Water Quality Index
Well-to-Seismic Tie of a Field Onshore of the Nigerian Delta
Authors: Inichinbia S. , Saule P.O. 
Published: April 2021

This work presents a modern procedure for understanding seismic data wavelets through well-toseismic tie on an onshore field in the Nigerian Delta using the state-of-the-art techniques. The purpose of this work is the correlation of formation tops and seismic reflectors in the field. The objectives among others include the calibration of the seismic data in terms of polarity and phase, as well as to ensure that the seismic data is descriptive to well markers and discoveries, extending knowledge from the well location to rest of the field and reducing uncertainties. Logs from the two wells on the field and also logs from three wells on neighbouring fields were used to establish lateral continuity of the reservoirs H1000 and H4000. Their results show that the top, base and thickness of both reservoirs are quite variable laterally and this posed some challenges in the correlation from well to well. The field does not have checkshot data, so checkshot data from one of the wells on the neighbouring field was borrowed. Calibrated sonic and density logs of well01 and well-02 were used to assess the seismic ties at the well locations. Strong correlations at the wells are fundamental to the evaluation of the spatial extent of the horizons around the wells from the seismic data. Seismic-to-well ties are a very important part of the interpreter’s business as they provide a means of correctly identifying horizons to pick, and estimating the wavelet for inverting seismic data to impedance and rock property indicators.
Keywords: Seismic, horizons, correlation, synthetics