bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengetahuan Dengan Kemampuan Komunikasi Terapeutik Perawat Pada Pasien Anak Usia Prasekolah (Knowledge and Nurses' Therapeutic Communication Skills in Pre-School Age Patient)
Authors: Idayati Idayati , Vellyana Diny , Sondang Sondang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHaving treatment in a hospital (hospitalization) is an unpleasant and threatening experience for everyone, especially for children who are still in the process of growth and development. One way to resolve this problem is to use therapeutic communication effectively which will and will be carried out nursing actions. To communicate with children, special approaches or techniques are needed so that the relationship can run well according to the child's growth and development. One of the predisposing factors according to Lawrencen Green's theory is knowledge, when a nurse has good knowledge, her ability in therapeutic communication will be good too. The aim of study is to determine the relationship of knowledge with the therapeutic communication skills of nurses in pediatric patients. This research uses survey analytic methode with crosssectional. Sample in the study were 66 nurses in inpatient rooms of Graha Husada Hospital,technique purposive samplingfor sampling.Data analysis using the Spearman Rank (Rho) correlation test with a significance level (α = 0.05) is obtained p value 0.025 (p <0.05). There is relationship of knowledge with therapeutic communication ability of nurses in pediatric patients treated at Graha Husada Hospital Bandar Lampung. Nurses are expected to be able to improve services in providing nursing care to pediatric patients, especially preschool age pediatric patients. AbstrakBerobat di rumah sakit (hospitalisasi) merupakan pengalaman yang tidakmenyenangkan dan mengancam bagi setiaporang,terutama bagi anak – anak yang masih dalam proses tumbuh kembang. Salah satu cara untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut adalah dengan menggunakan komunikasi terapeutik secara efektif yang akan dilakukan tindakan keperawatan. Untuk berkomunikasi dengan anak diperlukan pendekatan atau teknik khusus agar hubungan dapat berjalan dengan baik sesuai dengan tumbuh kembang anak. Salah satu faktor predisposisi menurut teori Lawrence Green adalah pengetahuan, bila perawat memiliki pengetahuan yang baik maka kemampuannya dalam komunikasi terapeutik juga akan baik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dengan keterampilan komunikasi terapeutik perawat pada pasien anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 66 perawat ruang rawat inap Rumah Sakit Graha Husada dengan teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman Rank (Rho) dengan tingkat signifikansi (α = 0.05) diperoleh dari niai p 0.025 (p<0.05). Ada hubungan pengetahuan dengan kemampuan komunikasi terapeutik perawat pada pasien anak yang di rawat di RS Graha Husada Bandar almpung. Perawat diharapkan mampu meningkatkan pelayanan dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan kepada pasien anak khususnya pasien anak usia prasekolah.
THE IMPACT OF CORONAVIRUS (COVID19) PANDEMIC ON HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS (HEIs) IN YEMEN: CHALLENGES AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE FUTURE
Authors: Al-Baadani Ahmed Abdulkarem , Abbas Mohammed 
Published: February 2021

<p>Since the beginning of this year, the world has lived in one of the most difficult stages since the Great Depression during the 1930s. All sectors have been affected significantly because of the suspension and other actions that have been taken, such as social distancing and self-isolation that has occurred because of Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic. This has affected the education sector, particularly Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in the world in general and Yemen in particular. Universities in Yemen as a result, stopped their activities preventively to contain the spread of the novel corona virus among students. Each country reacted in a different way based on their capabilities. Some countries immediately shifted to online education and others faced obstacles however, country like Yemen is under great pressure from different aspects. As a result, this procedure caused many challenges for higher education institutions in Yemen which prevent an easy adaptation to the new situation such as: internet and infrastructure weaknesses, cope with change difficulties, academics career stability, university's financial stability, the complexity of some applied disciplines, student's mental health, and costs of fast transformation. As a result of the mentioned challenges, this study suggested some recommendations to overcome from this situation or any other urgent situations in the future that may shutdown the educational system. Finally, because of the complex and interrelated difficulties in Yemen, the authors suggested an implementation through a 5-year plan under the direct supervision of the Ministry of Higher Education in Yemen.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0603/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
SOBRE EL ÁMBITO COMPETENCIAL DE LOS ENTES LOCALES. LA INTERPRETACIÓN DE LA JURISPRUDENCIA CONSTITUCIONAL DE SU ALCANCE EN MATERIA AMBIENTAL
Authors: FUENTES I GASÓ JOSEP RAMON 
Published: February 2021

Este trabajo analiza el impacto de la jurisprudencia constitucional sobre la Ley 27/2013, de 27 de diciembre, de Racionalización y Sostenibilidad de la Administración Local, con especial referencia a la interpretación que realizan las últimas sentencias, recaídas en 2016 y 2017, de la nueva reordenación de las competencias locales y a su impacto sobre las competencias locales en materia ambiental. En este caso, se aborda el alcance de las competencias propias de los municipios sobre el llamado «medio ambiente urbano», las competencias de los municipios distintas de las propias y de las atribuidas por delegación y las competencias de las provincias sobre la prestación de servicios municipales medioambientales.Lan honetan, Toki administrazioaren arrazionalizazioari eta iraunkortasunari buruzko abenduaren 27ko 27/2013 Legean jurisprudentzia konstituzionalak duen inpaktua aztertu da, eta bereziki 2016ko eta 2017ko azken epaiek tokiko eskumenen banaketa berriari eta horrek ingurumen alorreko tokiko eskumenetan dituen inpaktuari buruz egiten dituzten interpretazioak, alegia. Kasu honetan udalek «hiriko ingurumenaren» inguruan dituzten eskumenen irismena, udalen beste eskumen batzuk, eskumen propioez eta eskuordetzaz esleitutakoez gain, eta probintziek ingurumeneko udal zerbitzuak emateari buruz dituzten eskumenak aztertu dira.This work analyzes the impact of the constitutional case law upon Act 27/2017 of December 27th on the rationalization and sustainability of the Local Administration, with particular reference to the interpretation provided by the last judgments, delivered in 2016 and 2017, concerning the new re-ordering of local competences and their impact over municipalities¿ own competences in environmental matters. In this case, the article deals with the scope of the municipalities own competences regarding the so called «urban environment», the municipalities¿ competences different to their owns and to those allocated by delegation and the provinces¿ competences over the provision of environmental services by municipalities.
Sudden changes in nitrogen dioxide emissions over Greece due to lockdown after the outbreak of COVID-19
Authors: Koukouli Maria-Elissavet , Skoulidou Ioanna , Karavias Andreas , Parcharidis Isaak , Balis Dimitris , Manders Astrid , Segers Arjo , Eskes Henk , van Geffen Jos 
Published: February 2021

Abstract. The unprecedented order, in modern peaceful times, for
a near-total lockdown of the Greek population as a means of protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, commonly known as
COVID-19, has generated unintentional positive side-effects with respect to the
country's air quality levels. Sentinel-5 Precursor/Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (S5P/TROPOMI) monthly mean tropospheric nitrogen
dioxide (NO2) observations show an average change of −34 % to
+20 % and −39 % to −5 % with an average decrease of −15 % and −11 %
for March and April 2020 respectively, compared with the previous year, over
the six larger Greek metropolitan areas; this is mostly attributable to vehicular
emission reductions. For the capital city of Athens, weekly analysis was
statistically possible for the S5P/TROPOMI observations and revealed a
marked decline in the NO2 load of between −8 % and −43 % for 7 of the
8 weeks studied; this is in agreement with the equivalent
Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI)/Aura observations as
well as the ground-based estimates of a multi-axis differential optical
absorption spectroscopy ground-based instrument. Chemical transport
modelling of the NO2 columns, provided by the Long Term Ozone Simulation European Operational Smog (LOTOS-EUROS) chemical
transport model, shows that the magnitude of these reductions cannot solely
be attributed to the difference in meteorological factors affecting NO2
levels during March and April 2020 and the equivalent time periods of the
previous year. Taking this factor into account, the resulting decline was
estimated to range between ∼ −25 % and −65 % for 5
of the 8 weeks studied, with the remaining 3 weeks showing a
positive average of ∼ 10 %; this positive average was postulated to be due to the
uncertainty of the methodology, which is based on differences. As a result
this analysis, we conclude that the effect of the COVID-19 lockdown and the
restriction of transport emissions over Greece is ∼ −10 %.
As transport is the second largest sector (after industry)
affecting Greece's air quality, this occasion may well help policymakers to
enforce more targeted measures to aid Greece in further reducing emissions
according to international air quality standards.
Afdelingen Bijzondere Wetten bij het Nationale Politiekorps? Ja: broodnodig!
Authors: Fijnaut C.J.C.F. 
Published: February 2021

Afdelingen Bijzondere Wetten bij het Nationale Politiekorps? Ja: broodnodig!
Tot in de jaren tachtig van de vorige eeuw hadden de grotere korpsen van gemeentepolitie een Afdeling Bijzondere Wetten. Deze afdelingen belichaamden de bestuurlijke handhaving van de rechtsorde en zorgden voor nauwe verbindingen tussen de politie, het bestuur en het bedrijfsleven. Jammer genoeg werden zij grotendeels opgedoekt in het kader van de politiereorganisatie van 1993 en – in samenhang hiermee – bij de toenmalige desorganisatie van de politiekorpsen door de stelselmatige invoering van wijkteams. Zodoende ging niet alleen een belangrijk deel van de traditionele rol van de politie in het maatschappelijk leven verloren, maar werd ook het lokaal en nationaal bestuur beroofd van zijn gekwalificeerde sterke arm bij de uitvoering van veel bijzondere wetten. Alleen al gegeven de toenemende rol van het bestuur bij de beheersing van zware misdaad, zou deze strategische blunder ongedaan moeten worden gemaakt door de heroprichting van de genoemde afdelingen bij de districten van het Nationale Politiekorps. Een dergelijke hervorming zou gepaard moeten gaan met de integratie van de gemeentelijke handhavingsdiensten in dit korps. Zo zou het wijze principe in ere worden hersteld dat er op het grondgebied van de gemeenten niet twee verschillende politiediensten moeten opereren.
Ivan Illich, Iatrogenesis and Pharmacogenetics
Authors: Antonio Diniz de Oliveira José 
Published: February 2021

In Medical Nemesis - The expropriation of health, IVAN ILLICH highlights several aspects of the medicalization of society, which was already observed in the mid-1970s. He addressed the various forms of iatrogenesis, classifying the new disease caused by the set of medical care as an epidemic that would not exist if there were no medical intervention. Of the various forms of iatrogenesis, he also addressed drug iatrogenesis, including the cause of hospital admissions. In this article, more than 40 years after Illich’s seminal publication, we sought to revisit his thinking and assess the relevance of his narrative regarding the inconveniences resulting from the use of medicines, especially in their impacts on hospitalization, in addition to reflecting on the potential of pharmacogenetics to mitigate adverse events related to drugs that victimize people. After a brief presentation of Illich’s trajectory, a digression is made on the association between the concepts of medicalization and iatrogenesis, to then make quick considerations about social iatrogenesis, considering the effects of this phenomenon on society. After presenting the consequences of iatrogenesis, from a fluent literature review, an update of the findings is made, showing that the problem is relevant today. A brief conceptual presentation of pharmacogenetics is followed by some examples of its clinical consequences. It is concluded that, despite the unequivocal importance of pharmacotherapy, iatrogenesis remains a problem of increasing relevance. Pharmacogenetics presents itself as a possibility to minimize the problem, making it possible to expand its use in the practice of medical services.
Multi-Fidelity Surrogate Models for VPP Aerodynamic Input Data
Authors: Peart Tanya , Aubin Nicolas , Nava Stefano , Cater John , Norris Stuart 
Published: February 2021

Predicting the performance of a sail design is important for optimising the performance of a yacht, and Velocity Prediction Programs (VPPs) are commonly used for this purpose. The aerodynamic force data for a VPP is often calculated using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models, but these can be computationally expensive. A full VPP analysis for sail design is therefore usually restricted to high-budget design projects or research activities and is not practical for many industry projects.
This work presents a method to reduce the computational cost of creating lift and drag force coefficient curves for input into a VPP using both multi-fidelity kriging surrogate modelling and data from existing sail designs. This method is shown to reduce the number of CFD simulations required for a desired accuracy when compared to a single-fidelity model. A maximum reduction in the required computational effort of 57% was achieved for model-scale symmetric spinnaker sails. For the same number of simulations, the accuracy of the model predictions was improved by up to 72% for scale-symmetric spinnaker sails, and 90% for asymmetric spinnakers.
How Molecular Forces and Rotating Planets Create Life
Authors: Spitzer Jan 
Published: February 2021

A reconceptualization of origins research that exploits a modern understanding of non-covalent molecular forces that stabilize living prokaryotic cells.
Scientific research into the origins of life remains exploratory and speculative. Science has no definitive answer to the biggest questions—“What is life?” and “How did life begin on earth?” In this book, Jan Spitzer reconceptualizes origins research by exploiting a modern understanding of non-covalent molecular forces and covalent bond formation—a physicochemical approach propounded originally by Linus Pauling and Max Delbrück. Spitzer develops the Pauling–Delbrück premise as a physicochemical jigsaw puzzle that identifies key stages in life's emergence, from the formation of first oceans, tidal sediments, and proto-biofilms to progenotes, proto-cells and the first cellular organisms.
Spitzer argues that non-covalent molecular forces, acting in cycling geochemical processes, bring about phase separations—the creation of purified, lower entropy, potentially living biological matter. Geochemical cycling processes—diurnal solar radiation and tidal hydration-dehydration—underpin life's emergence and evolution. After presenting a physicochemical view of how non-covalent molecular forces stabilize a bacterial cell during its cell cycle, Spitzer assembles the puzzle pieces into a working provisional picture of life's emergence. He classifies early Archaean evolution as micro-evolution, meso-evolution, and macro-evolution according to physicochemical mechanisms that can modify the nucleoid during a prokaryotic cell cycle. Finally, he describes some experimental ideas, based on cyclically driven processes.
The Slavcleft: a three-center study of the outcome of treatment of cleft lip and palate. Nasolabial appearance
Authors: Stebel Adam , Urbanová Wanda , Klimova Irena , Brudnicki Andrzej , Dubovska Ivana , Polackova Petra , Kroupová Daniela , Koťová Magdalena , Fudalej Piotr S. 
Published: February 2021

Background
There is a multitude of protocols of treatment of cleft lip and palate (CLP) worldwide differing in number of operations, surgical techniques, and timings of surgeries. Despite, facial appearance in subjects with CLP is rarely ideal and residual stigmata are easy to notice in many patients irrespective of the protocol. The prospective controlled investigations are optimal for comparing effectiveness of treatment protocols. Because prospective studies are very challenging to perform in CLP field, it is reasonable to retrospectively assess different surgical protocols to identify the promising ones and then to test them in a prospective way.

Methods
Our objective was to assess the nasolabial appearance in a preadolescent Slavic population with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) by using the 0–200 numeric scale with reference photographs. Patients treated in Warsaw, Poland (n = 32), Prague, Czech Republic (n = 26) and Bratislava, Slovakia (n = 17) were included in this retrospective study. Each cleft center used a unique surgical protocol. Two panels of professional raters (n = 7) and laypeople (n = 10) scored blindly the nasolabial esthetics on cropped frontal and profile images with cropped reference photograph present on the same slide. Intra- and inter-rater agreement was assessed with Cronbach’s alpha, intraclass correlation coefficients, t-tests, and Bland–Altman plots. Inter-group differences were evaluated with one-way ANOVA and regression analysis.

Results
The agreement within and between raters was acceptable. We found that patients treated in Warsaw, Prague, and Bratislava showed comparable nasolabial appearance on frontal and profile photographs when judged by both professional raters (p > 0.05) and laypeople (p > 0.05). Regression analysis did not identify influence of gender, group (i.e., Warsaw, Prague, and Bratislava), age at lip repair, surgeon, and age at photographic assessment on esthetic outcome (p > 0.05).

Conclusion
This study showed that none of the surgical protocols showed superiority to produce good nasolabial appearance.
modelBuildR: an R package for model building and feature selection with erroneous classifications
Authors: Knoll Maximilian , Furkel Jennifer , Debus Juergen , Abdollahi Amir 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundModel building is a crucial part of omics based biomedical research to transfer classifications and obtain insights into underlying mechanisms. Feature selection is often based on minimizing error between model predictions and given classification (maximizing accuracy). Human ratings/classifications, however, might be error prone, with discordance rates between experts of 5–15%. We therefore evaluate if a feature pre-filtering step might improve identification of features associated with true underlying groups.MethodsData was simulated for up to 100 samples and up to 10,000 features, 10% of which were associated with the ground truth comprising 2–10 normally distributed populations. Binary and semi-quantitative ratings with varying error probabilities were used as classification. For feature preselection standard cross-validation (V2) was compared to a novel heuristic (V1) applying univariate testing, multiplicity adjustment and cross-validation on switched dependent (classification) and independent (features) variables. Preselected features were used to train logistic regression/linear models (backward selection, AIC). Predictions were compared against the ground truth (ROC, multiclass-ROC). As use case, multiple feature selection/classification methods were benchmarked against the novel heuristic to identify prognostically different G-CIMP negative glioblastoma tumors from the TCGA-GBM 450 k methylation array data cohort, starting from a fuzzy umap based rough and erroneous separation.ResultsV1 yielded higher median AUC ranks for two true groups (ground truth), with smaller differences for true graduated differences (3–10 groups). Lower fractions of models were successfully fit with V1. Median AUCs for binary classification and two true groups were 0.91 (range: 0.54–1.00) for V1 (Benjamini-Hochberg) and 0.70 (0.28–1.00) for V2, 13% (n = 616) of V2 models showed AUCs < = 50% for 25 samples and 100 features. For larger numbers of features and samples, median AUCs were 0.75 (range 0.59–1.00) for V1 and 0.54 (range 0.32–0.75) for V2. In the TCGA-GBM data, modelBuildR allowed best prognostic separation of patients with highest median overall survival difference (7.51 months) followed a difference of 6.04 months for a random forest based method.ConclusionsThe proposed heuristic is beneficial for the retrieval of features associated with two true groups classified with errors. We provide the R package modelBuildR to simplify (comparative) evaluation/application of the proposed heuristic (http://github.com/mknoll/modelBuildR).
Engels e acrítica do Estado comocapitalista global ideal: notas sobre o planejamento e a objeção à lógica estatal
Authors: Brandão Luiz Felipe Leão Maia 
Published: February 2021

<p>O caráter naturalizado, atribuído ao Estado, resulta na produção de análises dos problemas sociais, inscritas dentro da lógica estatal, e no rebaixamento do horizonte de reivindicações da classe trabalhadora. Para contrapor tal paradigma, o presente artigo discorre acerca da questão do Estado na obra de Friedrich Engels (1820-1895) cujo conteúdo é marcado tanto por negativação do Estado, quanto por reconhecimento da necessidade de uma “prática operária de Estado”. Para tanto, debate-se: a atuação do Estado como um capitalista global ideal; a concepção de prática operária do Estado e ditadura do proletariado; e o papel do Estado no controle de antagonismos no planejamento. </p>
Reconstituting Natural Cell Elements in Synthetic Cells
Authors: Gaut Nathaniel J. , Adamala Katarzyna P. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBuilding a live cell from non‐living building blocks would be a fundamental breakthrough in biological sciences, and it would enable engineering new lineages of life, not directly descendant of the Last Universal Common Ancestor. Fully engineered synthetic cells will have architectures that can be radically different from the natural cells, yet most life processes reconstituted in synthetic cells so far are built from natural and biosimilar building blocks. Most natural processes have already been reconstituted in synthetic cell chassis. This paper summarizes recent advancements in using non‐living building blocks to reconstitute some of the most crucial features of living systems in a fully engineerable chassis of a synthetic cell.