bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non‐cancer mortality in elderly prostate cancer patients treated with combination of radical prostatectomy and external beam radiation therapy
Authors: Wenzel Mike , Würnschimmel Christoph , Chierigo Francesco , Tian Zhe , Shariat Shahrokh F. , Terrone Carlo , Saad Fred , Tilki Derya , Graefen Markus , Mandel Philipp , Kluth Luis A. , Chun Felix K. H. , Karakiewicz Pierre I. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundTo test for rates of other cause mortality (OCM) and cancer‐specific mortality (CSM) in elderly prostate cancer (PCa) patients treated with the combination of radical prostatectomy (RP) and external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) versus RP alone, since elderly PCa patients may be over‐treated.MethodsWithin the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database (2004–2016), cumulative incidence plots, after propensity score matching for cT‐stage, cN‐stage, prostate specific antigen, age and biopsy Gleason score, and multivariable competing risks regression models (socioeconomic status, pathological Gleason score) addressed OCM and CSM in patients (70–79, 70–74, and 75–79 years) treated with RP and EBRT versus RP alone.ResultsOf 18,126 eligible patients aged 70–79 years, 2520 (13.9%) underwent RP and EBRT versus 15,606 (86.1%) RP alone. After propensity score matching, 10‐year OCM rates were respectively 27.9 versus 20.3% for RP and EBRT versus RP alone (p < .001), which resulted in a multivariable HR of 1.4 (p < .001). Moreover, 10‐year CSM rates were respectively 13.4 versus 5.5% for RP and EBRT versus RP alone. In subgroup analyses separately addressing 70–74 year old and 75–79 years old PCa patients, 10‐year OCM rates were 22.8 versus 16.2% and 39.5 versus 24.0% for respectively RP and EBRT versus RP alone patients (all p < .001).ConclusionElderly patients treated with RP and EBRT exhibited worrisome rates of OCM. These higher than expected OCM rates question the need for combination therapy (RP and EBRT) in elderly PCa patients and indicate the need for better patient selection, when combination therapy is contemplated.
Structures of MERS‐CoV macro domain in aqueous solution with dynamics: Impacts of parallel tempering simulation techniques and CHARMM36m and AMBER99SB force field parameters
Authors: Akbayrak Ibrahim Yagiz , Caglayan Sule Irem , Durdagi Serdar , Kurgan Lukasz , Uversky Vladimir N. , Ulver Burak , Dervisoğlu Havvanur , Haklidir Mehmet , Hasekioglu Orkun , Coskuner‐Weber Orkid 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA novel virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) worldwide appeared in 2019. Detailed scientific knowledge of the members of the Coronaviridae family, including the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS‐CoV) is currently lacking. Structural studies of the MERS‐CoV proteins in the current literature are extremely limited. We present here detailed characterization of the structural properties of MERS‐CoV macro domain in aqueous solution. Additionally, we studied the impacts of chosen force field parameters and parallel tempering simulation techniques on the predicted structural properties of MERS‐CoV macro domain in aqueous solution. For this purpose, we conducted extensive Hamiltonian‐replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations and Temperature‐replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations using the CHARMM36m and AMBER99SB parameters for the macro domain. This study shows that the predicted secondary structure properties including their propensities depend on the chosen simulation technique and force field parameter. We perform structural clustering based on the radius of gyration and end‐to‐end distance of MERS‐CoV macro domain in aqueous solution. We also report and analyze the residue‐level intrinsic disorder features, flexibility and secondary structure. Furthermore, we study the propensities of this macro domain for protein‐protein interactions and for the RNA and DNA binding. Overall, results are in agreement with available nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy findings and present more detailed insights into the structural properties of MERS CoV macro domain in aqueous solution. All in all, we present the structural properties of the aqueous MERS‐CoV macro domain using different parallel tempering simulation techniques, force field parameters and bioinformatics tools.
Research on deflagration characteristics and thermodynamic mechanism of micron aluminum powders
Authors: Yan Ke , Meng Xiangbao , Wang Zheng , Zhang Yansong , Wang Junfeneg , Ma Xuesong , Xiao Qin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTaking three kinds of micron aluminum powder as the research object, taking the deflagration characteristics and dynamic mechanism of aluminum dust as the main line of research, using high‐speed camera system and temperature measurement system to study the dust cloud of three kinds of aluminum powder with different concentration in the transparent pipe dust flame The flame shape, propagation speed, and temperature change law of the propagation device, the flame propagation speed and temperature increase with the increase of dust cloud concentration, and decrease with the increase of particle size; through the experiment of 20 L spherical explosive device, the empirical regression equation of maximum explosion pressure Pmax and maximum pressure rise rate (dP/dt)max is obtained, the explosion pressure (Pmax) will first increase and then decrease with the dust concentration, (dP/dt)max increases with the increase of dust concentration, while Pmax and (dP/dt)max increase with the decrease of particle size; The explosion products of aluminum powder were analyzed by XPS and surface energy spectrum, and the main substances of the explosion products were Al2O3, Al(OH)3, and unburned Al, and the deflagration mechanism model of micron aluminum powder was obtained; at the same time, the simultaneous thermal analyzer (TG‐DSC) was used to conduct microscopic thermal analysis kinetics experimental research on micron aluminum powder with different particle sizes. The combustion process of aluminum powder in the air was divided into three stages. Fit the curve by analyzing and calculate the reaction kinetic parameters of the aluminum dust combustion process. The smaller the particle size of the micron aluminum powder, the more aluminum particles involved in the oxidation reaction, the more intense the combustion reaction, the faster the flame propagation speed, the greater the height of the flame front, the greater the explosion pressure, the exothermic phenomenon is significant, and the activation energy required for the oxidation reaction to occur is smaller.
The “I's” have it—unanimously!
Authors: Lodal Peter N. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAfter every major process safety incident, one question that invariably surfaces is “Why do we keep having incidents?” In this article and presentation, nine “I” factors will be presented as potential answers to this question. These factors, (which include inexperience, intentionality, and impermanence, among others) will also be analyzed for potential answers to the related question, “What can we do to break the incident cycle?”
Articulating the Trauma‐Informed Theory of Individual Health Behavior
Authors: Marks Charles , Pearson Jennifer L. , Zúñiga María Luisa , Martin Natasha , Werb Dan , Smith Laramie R. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractExposure to trauma increases the risk of engaging in detrimental health behaviours such as tobacco and substance use. In response, the United States Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration developed Trauma‐Informed Care (TIC), an organisational framework for improving the provision of behavioural health care to account for the role exposure to trauma plays in patients' lives. We adapt TIC to introduce a novel theory of behaviour change, the Trauma‐Informed Theory of Individual Health Behavior (TTB). TTB posits that individual capacity to undertake intentional health‐promoting behaviour change is dependent on three factors: (1) the forms and severity of trauma they have been and are exposed to, (2) how this trauma physiologically manifests (i.e., the trauma response) and (3) resilience to undertake behaviour change despite this trauma response. We define each of these factors and their relationships to one another. We anticipate that the introduction of TTB will provide a foundation for developing theory‐driven research, interventions, and policies that improve behavioural health outcomes in trauma‐affected populations.
The effects of crop attributes, selection, and recombination on Canadian bread wheat molecular variation
Authors: Hargreaves William , N'Daiye Amidou , Walkowiak Sean , Pozniak Curtis J. , Wiebe Krystalee , Enns Jennifer , Lukens Lewis 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCultivated germplasm provides an opportunity to investigate how crop agronomic traits, selection for major genes, and differences in crossing‐over rates drive patterns of allelic variation. To identify how these factors correlated with allelic variation within a collection of cultivated bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), we generated genotypes for 388 accessions grown in Canada over the past 170 yr using filtered single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) calls from an Illumina Wheat iSelect 90K SNP‐array. Entries’ breeding program, era of release, grain texture, kernel color, and growth habit contributed to allelic differentiation. Allelic diversity and linkage disequilibrium (LD) of markers flanking some major loci known to affect traits such as gluten strength, growth habit, and grain color were consistent with selective sweeps. Nonetheless, some flanking markers of major loci had low LD and high allelic diversity. Positive selection may have acted upon homoeologous genes that had significant enrichment for the gene ontology terms ‘response‐to‐auxin’ and ‘response‐to‐wounding.’ Long regions of LD, spanning approximately one‐third the length of entire chromosomes, were associated with many pericentromeric regions. These regions were also characterized by low diversity. Enhancing recombination across these regions could generate novel allele combinations to accelerate Canadian wheat improvement.
Applied research on aquatic macrophyte fermentation broth in SBR denitrification
Authors: Zhang Xu , Chen Fuai , Xu Bing 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn the traditional biological process for nitrogen removal, an insufficient carbon source is often the limiting factor. To solve this problem, reed fermentation broth was selected as the source of denitrification carbon for nitrogen removal in a SBR, and the influence of different C/N conditions on the denitrification and the characteristics of bacteria in the reactor were examined. Leaching experiments with reeds employed fluorescence excitation–emission spectrophotometry and revealed that the reed material had a high capacity for carbon release, the average dissolved organic carbon release content proportion was 11.3 mg/g, and the dissolved organic matter mainly consisted of humic acid‐like compounds. Using reed fermentation broth as an additional carbon source promoted the denitrification of wastewater by microbes. When reed fermentation broth was added at a C/N ratio of 6, the best nitrogen efficiency for nitrogen removal was 88.3–96.4%. Analyses of microbial diversity indicated that in the SBR reactor, the relative abundance of denitrifying bacteria at the genus level reached 38.5%. These results revealed that reed fermentation broth promoted the growth of anaerobic denitrifying bacteria and improved the efficiency of denitrification. The findings will contribute to a better understanding of the use of reed fermentation broth as an external carbon source that increases the efficiency for denitrification of wastewater.Practitioner Points

Using fluorescence excitation−emission spectrophotometry and parallel factor analysis to evaluate the supply capacity of DOMs released from reed.
Research the feasibility of reed fermented broth as external carbon source under the condition of extremely low carbon source.
Provides theoretical guidance for deep denitrification in sewage treatment plant with SBR process.
Fluorinated β‐Ketoiminate Zinc Complexes: Synthesis, Structure and Catalytic Activity in Ring Opening Polymerization of Lactide
Authors: Ghosh Swarup , Huse Kevin , Wölper Christoph , Tjaberings Alexander , Gröschel André H. , Schulz Stephan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractComplexes LZnR (L=C6F5NC(CF3)C(H)C(CF3)O; R=Me 1; Et 2) and L2Zn(thf)2 (3) were synthesized and analyzed by NMR (1H, 13C, 19F) and IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and single crystal X‐ray diffraction. Complexes 1 and 2 are dinuclear in the solid state but monomeric in toluene solution according to diffusion‐ordered spectroscopy (DOSY‐NMR). They showed poor activity in the ring opening polymerization (ROP) of lactide (LA) but moderate activity in the presence of benzyl alcohol (BnOH), yielding polymers with high number average molecular weight (Mn) and moderately controlled molecular weight distribution (PDI). Homonuclear‐decoupled 1H NMR analysis of polylactic acid (PLA) obtained from rac‐LA showed isotactic enrichment of the polymer microstructure, and kinetic studies of the ROP of L‐LA with complex 2 showed a first order dependence of the monomer concentration. Analyses of low molecular weight polymers by 1H NMR and MALDI‐ToF mass spectrometry demonstrated the coordination‐insertion mechanism (CIM).
Relativistic freeze-in with scalar dark matter in a gauged B − L model and electroweak symmetry breaking
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Priyotosh , Mitra Manimala , Roy Abhishek 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We explore relativistic freeze-in production of scalar dark matter in gauged B − L model, where we focus on the production of dark matter from the decay and annihilation of Standard Model (SM) and B − L Higgs bosons. We consider the Bose-Einstein (BE) and Fermi-Dirac (FD) statistics, along with the thermal mass correction of the SM Higgs boson in our analysis. We show that in addition to the SM Higgs boson, the annihilation and decay of the B − L scalar can also contribute substantially to the dark matter relic density. Potential effects of electroweak symmetry breaking (EWSB) and thermal mass correction in BE framework enhance the dark matter relic substantially as it freezes-in near EWSB temperature via scalar annihilation. However, such effects are not so prominent when the dark matter freezes-in at a later epoch than EWSB, dominantly by decay of scalars. The results of this analysis are rather generic, and applicable to other similar scenarios.
Extraction of the Sivers function from SIDIS, Drell-Yan, and W±/Z boson production data with TMD evolution
Authors: Bury Marcin , Prokudin Alexei , Vladimirov Alexey 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe perform a global fit of the available polarized Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering (SIDIS), polarized pion-induced Drell-Yan (DY) andW±/Zboson production data at N3LO and NNLO accuracy of the Transverse Momentum Dependent (TMD) evolution, and extract the Sivers function foru,d,sand for sea quarks. The Qiu-Sterman function is determined in a model independent way via the operator product expansion from the extracted Sivers function. The analysis is supplemented by additional studies, such as the estimation of applicability region, the impact of the unpolarized distributions’ uncertainties, the universality of the Sivers functions, positivity constraints, the significance of the sign-change relation, and the comparison with the existing extractions.
Noncommutative rational Pólya series
Authors: Bell Jason , Smertnig Daniel 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA (noncommutative) Pólya series over a fieldKis a formal power series whose nonzero coefficients are contained in a finitely generated subgroup of$$K^\times $$K×. We show that rational Pólya series are unambiguous rational series, proving a 40 year old conjecture of Reutenauer. The proof combines methods from noncommutative algebra, automata theory, and number theory (specifically, unit equations). As a corollary, a rational series is a Pólya series if and only if it is Hadamard sub-invertible. Phrased differently, we show that every weighted finite automaton taking values in a finitely generated subgroup of a field (and zero) is equivalent to an unambiguous weighted finite automaton.
Visualization of the epimysium and fascia thoracolumbalis at the lumbar spine using MRI
Authors: Adamietz Boris , Schönberg Stefan O. , Reiser Maximilian , Uder Michael , Frank Andreas , Strecker Ralph , Weiß Christel , Heiss Rafael 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
The fascia thoracolumbalis (FTL) is an important component for stabilization and motion control of the lumbar spine. It coordinates the traction forces of the autochthonous muscles of the back (AM) and connects them to the muscles of the abdominal wall, shoulder, and buttocks.

Objectives
The aim of our study was to describe the assessment of the normal FTL and epimysium of the AM in MRI and to identify patterns associated with pathological changes in the lumbar spine.

Material and methods
A total of 33 patients were retrospectively evaluated: 15 patients had no pathology at the lumbar spine; six patients had previous hemilaminectomy, three had spondylodesis, two had ventrolisthesis, and seven had scoliosis. The thickness of the FTL and EM was measured, and the adhesion of both structures was assessed.

Results
The fascial thickness at the levels of the lumbar vertebral bodies LVB 3 was 1.8, of LVB 4 it was 2.0, of LVB 5 it was 2.1, and at the sacral vertebra SVB 1 it was 1.8 mm. Fascial adhesions together with thickening of the EM occurred at the level of LVB 4 in 36% of the cases independently of the underlying disorder. Only thickening of the EM was seen in 48% of cases at the level of SVB 1. By contrast, adhesion of the FTL without epimysial changes occurred in 36% of cases at the level of LVB 3.

Conclusion
Thickening and adhesions at the EM and FTL occurred both postoperatively and in the case of scoliosis. Furthermore, lipomatous and muscular herniation could be detected in the FTL postoperatively. Epimysial and fascial alterations may be imaging manifestations of chronic myofascial back pain and should be included in radiological assessments.
Influence of pre-fermentative addition of aqueous solution tannins extracted from oak wood (Quercus petraea) on the composition of Grillo wines
Authors: Corona Onofrio , Bambina Paola , De Filippi Diego , Cinquanta Luciano 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this research, the chemical characterization of fixed and volatile compounds of two different tannins in aqueous solution (Pratiko® L-Harvest and L-Fruit) extracted from oak wood, has been studied. The influence of the above tannins, at different concentrations, on the alcoholic fermentation kinetics and on the composition and sensorial characteristics of a white wine were then evaluated. The wines added tannins in aqueous solution compared to control wines showed significant differences in fixed compounds (colloids, polyphenols and ellagitannins) and volatile compounds (phenolic aldehydes, volatile phenols, furanic and piranic compounds). The differences of aqueous solution tannins extracted from oak wood were partly due to the drying/maturing and roasting methods used in barrel production. Alcoholic fermentation was partially facilitated by the addition of tannins in aqueous solution. The wines obtained showed a higher content of ethyl esters of medium-chain fatty acids (from 22 to 31%) and, in some cases, higher acetate alcohols (from 15 to 28%), relevant to the olfactory sensations provided to the wines. The tannins added to the must before fermentation also made it possible to obtain an additional supply of polyphenols (from 25 to 85%) able to induce more complex sensory profiles in the wines, with increased persistent taste notes.
A simple nomogram for early postoperative risk prediction of clinically relevant pancreatic fistula after pancreatoduodenectomy
Authors: Honselmann K. C. , Antoine C. , Frohneberg L. , Deichmann S. , Bolm L. , Braun R. , Lapshyn H. , Petrova E. , Keck T. , Wellner U. , Bausch D. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Postoperative pancreatic fistulae (POPF) present a serious and life-threatening complication after pancreatic head resections (PD). Therefore, reliable risk stratification to identify those at risk is urgently needed. The aim of this study was to identify postoperative laboratory parameters for the prediction of POPF in the early postoperative period.

Methods
One hundred eighty-two patients who underwent PD from 2012 until 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was performed using the GLM (general linear model) method for model building. Two nomograms were created based on the GLM models of postoperative day one and postoperative day one to five. A cohort of 48 patients operated between 2018 and 2019 served as internal validation.

Results
Clinically relevant pancreatic fistulae (CR-POPF) were present in 16% (n = 29) of patients. Patients with CR-POPF experienced significantly more insufficiencies of gastroenterostomies, delayed gastric emptying, and more extraluminal bleeding than patients without CR-POPF. Multivariate analysis revealed multiple postoperative predictive models, the best one including ASA, main pancreatic duct diameter, operation time, and serum lipase as well as leucocytes on day one. This model was able to predict CR-POPF with an accuracy of 90% and an AUC of 0.903. Two nomograms were created for easier use.

Conclusion
Clinically relevant fistula can be predicted using simple laboratory and clinical parameters. Not serum amylase, but serum lipase is an independent predictor of CR-POPF. Our simple nomograms may help in the identification of patients for early postoperative interventions.
NRF2-mediated signaling is a master regulator of transcription factors in bovine granulosa cells under oxidative stress condition
Authors: Taqi Mohamed Omar , Saeed-Zidane Mohammed , Gebremedhn Samuel , Salilew-Wondim Dessie , Tholen Ernst , Neuhoff Christiane , Hoelker Michael , Schellander Karl , Tesfaye Dawit 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTranscription factors (TFs) are known to be involved in regulating the expression of several classes of genes during folliculogenesis. However, the regulatory role of TFs during oxidative stress (OS) is not fully understood. The current study was aimed to investigate the regulation of the TFs in bovine granulosa cells (bGCs) during exposure to OS induced by H2O2in vitro. For this, bGCs derived from ovarian follicles were cultured in vitro till their confluency and then treated with H2O2for 40 min. Twenty-four hours later, cells were subjected to various phenotypic and gene expression analyses for genes related to TFs, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis, cell proliferation, and differentiation markers. The bGCs exhibited higher reactive oxygen species accumulation, DNA fragmentation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress accompanied by reduction of mitochondrial activity after exposure to OS. In addition, higher lipid accumulation and lower cell proliferation were noticed in H2O2-challenged cells. The mRNA level of TFs includingNRF2,E2F1,KLF6,KLF9,FOS,SREBF1,SREBF2, andNOTCH1was increased in H2O2-treated cells compared with non-treated controls. However, the expression level ofKLF4and its downstream gene,CCNB1, were downregulated in the H2O2-challenged group. Moreover, targeted inhibition ofNRF2using small interference RNA resulted in reduced expression ofKLF9,FOS,SREBF2, andNOTCH1genes, while the expression ofKLF4was upregulated. Taken together, bovine granulosa cells exposed to OS exhibited differential expression of various transcription factors, which are mediated by the NRF2 signaling pathway.