bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Unusual Role of Ribonuclease L in Innate Immunity
Authors: Karasik Agnes , Guydosh Nicholas R. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTRibonuclease L is an endonuclease that is activated as part of the dsRNA‐driven innate immune response. Active RNase L cleaves pathogenic RNAs as a way to eliminate infections. However, there are additional and unexpected ways that RNase L causes changes in the host that promote an immune response and contribute to its role in host defense. Central to these unconventional mechanisms is the observation that RNase L also degrades the mRNA of the host. In turn, mRNA fragments that RNase L generates can be translated. This causes activation of a ribosome collision sensor that leads to downstream signaling and cell death. Additionally, the liberation of RNA binding proteins after RNA decay appears to affect gene expression. In this review, we discuss these and other recent advances that focus on novel and unusual ways RNase L contributes to innate immunity.
Optimal convergence analysis of second‐order time‐discrete stabilized scheme for the thermally coupled incompressible MHD system
Authors: Wang Zhaowei , Wang Danxia , Wang Zixuan , Zhang Jun , Jia Hongen 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we construct an optimal convergence analysis of second‐order stabilized scheme for the thermally coupled incompressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) system. First, we construct first‐ and second‐order time‐discrete schemes in which the time derivative term is treated by the first‐order backward Euler method and the second‐order backward difference formulation, respectively. And the nonlinear terms are treated by semi‐implicit method. Importantly, we use the Gauge–Uzawa method to decouple velocity and pressure. The proposed schemes have the following two distinct features: they do not need to give an initial value of the pressure, and they do not require artificial boundary conditions on the pressure. Second, the unconditional energy stability of the two schemes is proved. Then, through rigorous error analysis, we provide optimal convergence orders for all unknowns. Finally, some numerical experiments demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed schemes.
Transnational Influences: Finnish Feminism Between East and West
Authors: Yoken Hannah Kaarina , Turunen Arja 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis chapter covers the transnational influences that shaped feminism in Finland during the 1960s and 1970s. It argues that Finnish feminism was influenced by transnational currents, but also emerged as a response to pressing national issues. Moreover, this chapter posits that transnational feminist influences reached Finland from multiple countries, primarily the Nordic region and especially Sweden. The chapter is based on archival evidence, oral histories, memoires, and media reportage. It analyses micro-historical narratives, which elucidate the tangible border-crossing aspirations and actions of individuals, and groups of actors, and utilises an entangled rather than comparative approach.
Feminist Circulations: Towards a Translocal and Transnational History of the Women’s Health Movement in 1970’s Italy
Authors: Tafuro Azzurra 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFor the very first time, this chapter offers a translocal and transnational history of a crucial but hitherto neglected part of Italian feminisms: the national branch of the Women’s Health Movement, which consisted of a multitude of small collectives and was the protagonist of an extraordinary struggle for reproductive rights and sexual health. Based on printed, oral, audiovisual and archival sources from Italy, France and the United States, the chapter highlights how those collectives—despite different positions and various disagreements—were not isolated groups but expressions of a translocal and transnational movement. Including the Italian case in the Women’s Health Movement history and putting it in dialogue with other national cases reveals that these feminisms were not so much a structure composed of an Anglophone centre and a non-Anglophone periphery but a complex polycentric structure in which practices, ideals, solidarity and knowledge circulated and changed, constantly adapting to the various national and local contexts.
Cognitive Household Finance
Authors: Caplin Andrew 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis chapter introduces cognitive household finance organized around the life-cycle model of wealth accumulation. It covers exponential and hyperbolic discounting, temptation and self control problems. It distinguishes the present-bias of many younger individuals from the future-bias of many older ones. It discusses financial literacy, financial education, financial advisers, and the power of financial planning. It discusses the impact of cognitive decline on wealth and financial abuse of the elderly. It stresses how difficult it is to provide for future long-term care needs and to guard assets against cognitive decline. It indicates the potential value of shared equity housing finance for those who wish to receive care in the home.
Fostering Citizen-Led Projects Through Multi-level Engagement in Wildemanbuurt, Amsterdam
Authors: Krabbendam Diana , Wolf Emiel , Deekens Bernie , Bak Rosalie , Krikke Hans 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis chapter outlines the activities in the Wildeman neighborhood in Amsterdam, undertaken within the context of the New European Bauhaus project Desire by two organizations, Samenwonen-Samenleven and The Beach. It starts by describing the local context, including new policies and developments that are taking place. The main challenges are identified. Firstly, there is a lack of trust and feeling of community. Inhabitants are not being involved and do not feel ownership in the developments happening in their neighborhood. Additionally, existing community activities and services are fragmented. Several activities that attempt to deal with these challenges are then discussed. These activities include integration of and reflection on the methodologies of the two participating organizations, engagement and organization of informal networks, and the creation of Design- and Do-groups (Ontwerpen Doe groepen). These groups composed of residents, focused on designing and implementing interventions to improve the area. Each group took on a specific topic: community gardens, youth education & media, healthy relationism, circular waste processing, local coffee & tea distribution, and circular street fashion. Lastly, the results and learnings from this process are presented.
The Green Transition: Transforming Soviet Housing Neighborhoods in Zjepju, Riga
Authors: Rubenis Rūdis , Zinkēvičs Emīls , Siņicka Liene 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe Ziepju 11 site in Riga, Latvia, is undergoing significant renovation as part of the Desire project, focusing on sustainable and inclusive urban development. Originally a Soviet-era dormitory, the building has been vacant since 2018. The Riga Energy Agency is spearheading the renovation, aiming to transform the site into social housing and community spaces, with a strong emphasis on circular economy principles. Key challenges include addressing the building’s poor energy efficiency, integrating the local community, and overcoming the post-Soviet mentality of passive citizenship. The experimentation tests innovative procurement formats and engages various stakeholders through workshops, focusing on creating a vibrant, inclusive community. These efforts also align with Riga’s broader sustainable energy and circular economy policies. The goal of the experiment is to develop scalable models for community engagement in public spaces and improve the city’s social housing system. Initial successes include engagement with social housing residents, children, and people with mental disabilities, offering insights into how physical and social spaces can be redesigned to promote sustainability, belonging, and active citizenship.
Transforming Through Education: Developing Inclusive Residential Areas in Gadehavegård, Høje Taastrup
Authors: Engelbrecht Lisbeth , Mogensen Mette , Hardlei Elsba 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGadehavegård is a social housing development area, owned by Danske Funktionærers Boligselskab (DFB) and located in Høje Taastrup, east of Copenhagen. This chapter explores how the Gadehavegård demonstrator is answering two main issues in the area: the need for renovation of the residential area and empowering current residents in the decision-making process for such a transformation. The activities of the Desire demonstrator highlighted several key learnings. A major focus is on redefining tendering processes by incorporating participatory design principles, based on local needs, particularly those of young people. This approach challenges traditional roles and ensures designs reflect community input. Architects are encouraged to apply these principles before the tendering process begins, supplementing cost-focused assessments with spatial quality assurance. The project also emphasizes the importance of prominent circularity and accessible green spaces to enhance well-being, integrating nature into the participatory process. Involving youth in co-design fosters empowerment and rethinks power dynamics in social housing transformations.
Biodiversity Hub: An Emerging and Co-created Strategy for Cascina Falchera in Turin
Authors: Villari Beatrice , Moscato Domenica , Fornaro Laura , Tortorella Francesco 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe chapter delineates the process and outcomes of the two-year Desire—Designing an Irresistible Society project. Commencing by addressing the main challenges identified in the initial stages of the journey, characterized as “Reconciling with Nature”, the chapter elucidates the activities undertaken at Cascina Falchera in Turin (Italy) and the resultant achievements. Indeed, field actions were initiated, grounded in the concepts of Citizen Science and Nature-Based Solutions, aiming to catalyze a transformation the traditional didactic farm model, rooted in 1990s experiments, into a conceptual framework of an experimental urban hub, offering activities and services centered around the enhancement of urban biodiversity. In line with the DESIRE principles—articulated as “Biodiversity: We embrace a planetary perspective,” “Belonging: We nurture a sense of belonging,” and “Aesthetics: We expand the concept of aesthetics”–, workshops and co-design activities with local communities, as well as artistic endeavors were conducted. The overall process is portrayed as action-research which, through cycles of planning, execution, and evaluation, supported and fostered a continuous learning process within the Cascina Falchera community, while facilitating reciprocal knowledge exchange with external stakeholders.
Note on Constrained Long Choice with Multiple Beginning Elements
Authors: Ishizuka Takashi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRecently, Pasarkar et al. (2023) have introduced the new $${{\,\mathrm{\texttt{TFNP}}\,}}$$

TFNP

subclass called $${{\,\mathrm{\texttt{PLC}}\,}}$$

PLC

that contains the class $${{\,\mathrm{\texttt{PPP}}\,}}$$

PPP

; they also have proven that several search problems related to extremal combinatorial principles (e.g., Ramsey’s theorem and the sunflower lemma) belong to $${{\,\mathrm{\texttt{PLC}}\,}}$$

PLC

. This paper discusses the complexity of the three generalizations of Constrained Long Choice, a $${{\,\mathrm{\texttt{PLC}}\,}}$$

PLC

-complete problem. We first discuss the parallel variant: Given a Long Choice instance and $$\varvec{m}$$

m

beginning elements, find $$\varvec{m}$$

m

Constrained Long Choice solutions. We show that this variant is $${{\,\mathrm{\texttt{FP}}\,}}_{\Vert }^{{{\,\mathrm{\texttt{PLC}}\,}}}$$

FP

‖

PLC

-complete. Next, we discuss the iterative variant: Given a Constrained Long Choice instance, a process function that specifies the next beginning element depending on the current solution, and an iteration parameter $$\varvec{T}$$

T

, find $$\varvec{T}$$

T

Long Choice solutions satisfying the suitable conditions. We prove that this variant is $${{\,\mathrm{\texttt{FP}}\,}}^{{{\,\mathrm{\texttt{PLC}}\,}}}$$

FP

PLC

-complete. Finally, we consider the inductive variant, which is an iterative variant with the inductive principle. We prove that the inductive variant is not only $${{\,\mathrm{\texttt{PLC}}\,}}$$

PLC

-hard but also $${{\,\mathrm{\texttt{PLS}}\,}}$$

PLS

-hard, where the class $${{\,\mathrm{\texttt{PLS}}\,}}$$

PLS

is the set of all search problems that are solvable by a local search method. Furthermore, we show that our iterative and inductive variants are closed under the Turing reduction.
Predictors of anxiety in endometriosis patients
Authors: Kupec Tomas , Wagels Lisa , Caspers Rebecca , Meyer-Wilmes Philipp , Najjari Laila , Stickeler Elmar , Wittenborn Julia 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the main factors influencing anxiety in endometriosis patients presenting to an endometriosis centre in Germany.

Methods
One hundred and eighty-two patients were asked to complete the German version of the STAI (state anxiety and trait anxiety) questionnaire prior to examination for diagnosis and treatment of pelvic pain or suspected endometriosis. Typical endometriosis symptoms, main complaints, operations, type of endometriosis and planned treatment were analyzed as influencing factors of anxiety in endometriosis patients. We performed linear multiple regression analyses using the forward stepwise method to test which characteristics associated with endometriosis symptoms were associated with trait anxiety and state anxiety.

Results
Analysis of the STAI results showed that higher levels of trait anxiety were found in patients with ovarian endometriosis: t (177) = 3.06, p = 0.003 and in patients with symptoms of dyspareunia: t (177) = 2.36, p < 0.020). On the other hand, patients with recurrent endometriosis showed lower levels of trait anxiety: t (177) = − 2.39, p = 0.018. Significantly higher levels of state anxiety were found in patients with persistent endometriosis: t (177) = − 2.45, p = 0.015 and in women with endometriosis who were indicated for surgical therapy: t (177) = 3.89, p < 0.001.

Conclusions
We were able to show that higher levels of ongoing anxiety in endometriosis patients are associated with dyspareunia and ovarian endometriosis, which may have a negative impact on partnership and desire to have children. On the other hand, patients with persistent endometriosis or a type of disease that requires surgery have higher levels of immediate situational anxiety.
Human brain aging is associated with dysregulation of cell type epigenetic identity
Authors: Jeong Hyeonsoo , Mendizabal Isabel , Yi Soojin V. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSignificant links between aging and DNA methylation are emerging from recent studies. On the one hand, DNA methylation undergoes changes with age, a process termed as epigenetic drift. On the other hand, DNA methylation serves as a readily accessible and accurate biomarker for aging. A key missing piece of information, however, is the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes and how they are related, if any. Addressing the limitations of previous research due to the limited number of investigated CpGs and the heterogeneous nature of tissue samples, here, we have examined DNA methylation of over 20 million CpGs across a broad age span in neurons and non-neuronal cells, primarily oligodendrocytes. We show that aging is a primary predictor of DNA methylation variation, surpassing the influence of factors such as sex and schizophrenia diagnosis, among others. On the genome-wide scale, epigenetic drift manifests as significant yet subtle trends that are influenced by the methylation level of individual CpGs. We reveal that CpGs that are highly differentiated between cell types are especially prone to age-associated DNA methylation alterations, leading to the divergence of epigenetic cell type identities as individuals age. On the other hand, CpGs that are included in commonly used epigenetic clocks tend to be those sites that are not highly cell type differentiated. Therefore, dysregulation of epigenetic cell type identities and current DNA epigenetic clocks represent distinct features of age-associated DNA methylation alterations.
Payoff designs in post-decision wagering: a systematic review
Authors: Weise Lorenz 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHumans often have an intuitive sense of whether they made the right decision or not – our sense of confidence. In studies on metacognitive faculties, confidence is most often assessed explicitly, by asking participants how confident they are in their response being correct. While we can explicitly report our confidence, implicit methods of assessing it, such as post-decision wagering (PDW), can potentially hold many advantages over explicit reports, for example by offering a financial incentive to estimate and report confidence accurately. In PDW, a participant can place a wager on having responded correctly, with high wagers indicative of confidence. A central aspect of PDW procedures is the payoff scheme – the system of wins and losses following wagers after correct and incorrect decisions. A variety of different payoff schemes are used throughout the literature, with consequences for participants’ interpretation of the task, wagering responses and strategies, and the researchers’ ultimate interpretation of behavioral data. The present systematic review aims to give a quantitative overview of the different types of payoff systems in use in PDW, the discussions surrounding them as well as their advantages and disadvantages.
Effect of excluding fractured or abnormal vertebrae on the trabecular bone score measurement
Authors: Lin Yen-Huai , Teng Michael Mu Huo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Summary

Brief rationale: The use of L1–L4 vertebrae, without exclusions, has been recommended for trabecular bone score (TBS) measurements.
Main result: Excluding abnormal and fractured vertebrae affected the TBS.
Significance of the paper: Fracture or degenerative abnormality may not affect TBS. The preferred action may involve including all levels without exclusions.

Purpose
The use of L1–L4 vertebrae, without exclusions, has been recommended for trabecular bone score (TBS) measurements. We aimed to investigate the effect of excluding fractured or abnormal vertebrae from TBS.

Methods
Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry images of 2767 participants, including 1080 without excluded vertebrae, 556 with fractured vertebrae, and 1131 with abnormal vertebrae showing a 1.0 T-score difference compared to the adjacent vertebrae, were retrospectively reviewed. Differences between TBS measurements with and without fractured or abnormal vertebrae were evaluated.

Results
Among 1080 participants without excluded vertebrae, TBS was 1.234 at L1, 1.296 at L2, 1.308 at L3, and 1.301 at L4. A significantly higher mean TBS was seen after excluding L1, whereas a significantly lower mean TBS was seen after excluding L2–L4. In the 556 participants with fractured vertebrae, excluding the involved level from the TBS calculation led to a significant difference in the total sample, women, ≥ 70 years old, and overweight subgroups. A significantly higher mean TBS was seen after excluding the fractured L1, whereas a significantly lower mean TBS was seen after excluding fractures at L2–L4. Among the 1131 participants with abnormal vertebrae, excluding the involved level from the TBS led to a significant difference in age, sex, and body mass index subgroups. Excluding abnormal L1 and L4 vertebrae led to a significantly higher and lower mean TBS, respectively.

Conclusion
Excluding fractured or abnormal vertebrae led to differences in TBS across various subgroups. Regarding the effect of vertebral level exclusion, the observed differences may be attributed to the systematic intervertebral variation, which is unrelated to any effect from fractures or degenerative abnormalities.
The heat kernel on curvilinear polygonal domains in surfaces
Authors: Nursultanov Medet , Rowlett Julie , Sher David 
Published: December 2024

R\'esum\'eWe construct the heat kernel on curvilinear polygonal domains in arbitrary surfaces for Dirichlet, Neumann, and Robin boundary conditions as well as mixed problems, including those of Zaremba type. We compute the short time asymptotic expansion of the heat trace and apply this expansion to demonstrate a collection of results showing that corners are spectral invariants.
Predictive value of geriatric nutritional risk indexes for hospital readmission and mortality in older patients
Authors: Chen Yajun , Wei Jin , Zhang Ming , Xu Dongping , Lang Yuheng , Qi Yumei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) plays a crucial role in assessing nutritional status and predicting clinical outcomes in older patients. This study explores the GNRI as a prognostic tool for clinical outcomes in older inpatients. Spanning from August 2013 to December 2020, the research involved 573 older patients at Tianjin Third Central Hospital, China. The study assessed the association of GNRI with 6-month hospital readmission and 3-year all-cause mortality rates. Our findings reveal that higher GNRI scores significantly correlate with reduced hospital readmissions and mortality, underscoring the utility of GNRI in predicting clinical outcomes and guiding interventions in geriatric care. The study highlights the potential of integrating GNRI assessments into routine clinical evaluations to enhance patient care and optimize resource utilization in healthcare settings.
Sarcopenia diagnosed by computed tomography predicts postoperative complications in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Su Shuyue , Shao Rongrong , Sun Mengxiao , Bai Jingying , Jiang Haote , Zhang Yuyang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background & aims
Surgery combined with chemotherapy remains the mainstay of treatment for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. It is important to evaluate the occurrence of postoperative complications before operation and to prevent them. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of sarcopenia diagnosed by CT scans in predicting postoperative complications in patients with ovarian cancer.

Methods
Patients with PDS or IDS in the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from August 2017 to August 2022 were included. Sarcopenia was identified using CT scans at the T12 level. According to the Clavien-Dindo classification, postoperative complications are considered to have occurred in grades 2 and above. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors contributing to postoperative complications. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
A total of 139 patients were included. Sarcopenia was observed in 24(17.27%) patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. Compared to the non-sarcopenia group, the sarcopenia group had a higher incidence of postoperative complications (62.50% VS 42.61%, p = 0.032). Multivariate logistic analysis confirmed sarcopenia (OR = 3.241, p = 0.026), age over 65 years (OR = 3.296, p = 0.005), and intraoperative bleeding (OR = 1.002, p < 0.001) as independent predictors of postoperative complications in ovarian cancer.

Discussion & conclusions
Sarcopenia diagnosed based on CT body composition analysis may serve as a potential predictor for postoperative complications. Further research is warranted to explore preventive strategies and interventions to improve outcomes in this population.