bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of the accurate localization of partial discharges in medium‐voltage XLPE cables based on pulse reconstruction
Authors: Yang Saike , Zhao Kun , Wang Li , Li Hongjie , Zhang Lin , Lv Qishen 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA method of reconstructing the original partial discharge (PD) signal to improve the accuracy of PD localization in cross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE) cables is presented here. XLPE cables, extremely sensitive to PDs, are the most popular underground cables in urban grids. The conventional PD localization methods, based on evaluation of the arrival times of PD pulses in the time domain, are negatively affected by the dispersion and attenuation of PD signals propagating in the power cable. A method for the accurate localization of PDs realized through inverse frequency domain modelling (IFDM) is presented here. The method, eliminating the systematic localization error caused by the dispersion and attenuation, significantly improves the localization accuracy. The locations of the PD are identified by comparing peak values of the initial PD signals reconstructed from different extracted pulses. A method for evaluating the propagation constant of the cable is also presented. The efficiency of the accurate localization method was verified by laboratory experiments. Besides, the inherent limitations of the conventional PD localization method for longer cable tests are discussed. The inevitable location error in the conventional methods does not exist in the new method.
Multi‐stage stochastic wind‐thermal generation expansion planning with probabilistic reliability criteria
Authors: Wang Qi , Luo Xianjue , Ma Honglian , Gong Naiwei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDue to the growing proportion of uncertain and fluctuating renewable energy sources in the power system, reasonable generation expansion considering the uncertainties is desperately needed. This paper proposes a novel three‐stage wind‐thermal generation expansion planning model based on representative day unit commitment that incorporates the uncertainty of wind power and load and the probabilistic reliability criteria. The probabilistic reliability criteria are considered by simulating random outage events of thermal units using a robust approach. The consequent robust reliability model is reformulated as mixed‐integer linear programming models and integrated into the multi‐stage generation expansion planning model. A decomposed strategy based on the Benders decomposition is adopted to tackle with the large‐scale original model. Case studies are performed on both the revised IEEE 14‐bus and IEEE 118‐bus test systems to validate the effectiveness of proposed model and method. Numerical results show that the proposed generation planning method balances the economy and reliability of the system.
Experimental and molecular level analysis of natural ester delaying degradation of cellulose insulation polymer
Authors: Hao Jian , Ye Wenyu , Gao Chenyu , Zhu Mengzhao , Yang Lijun , Liao Ruijin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDeveloping green insulation materials has become an important direction for future research. As a new environmental insulation liquid, natural ester can effectively delay cellulose insulation polymer ageing. Mastering the mechanism of natural ester delaying the cellulose ageing could promote its application in power transformers. In this study, based on the accelerated thermal ageing of pressboard immersed in natural ester and 25# mineral oil at 120°C for 221 days, the thermal ageing rate and the levelling off degree of polymerisation (LODP) for two kinds of oil‐impregnated pressboards were compared. The molecular level mechanism of natural ester delaying cellulose degradation and keeping higher LODP value was proposed using molecular dynamics simulation. At the early stage of thermal ageing, cellulose with a higher degree of polymerisation (DP) can form many hydrogen bonds with hydronium ions, and their binding energy is stronger, which can accelerate the acid hydrolysis of cellulose, causing the DP of pressboard immersed in natural ester and mineral oil to decrease rapidly. With the breaking of the cellulose molecular chain, the number of hydrogen bonds and binding energy between cellulose and hydronium ions becomes smaller and the thermal ageing rate decreases gradually. At the end stage of ageing, it is difficult for the hydronium ions to enter the crystalline cellulose, acid hydrolysis of crystalline cellulose is hard to conduct, leading to the occurrence of the LODP phenomenon. The degradation rate of cellulose in natural ester is only 50% of that in mineral oil. The cellulose LODP value in natural ester is over 200 larger than that in mineral oil. Compared with the mineral oil‐cellulose system, natural ester can form hydrogen bonds with hydronium ions and lead to fewer hydronium ions in cellulose, fewer hydrogen bonds and smaller binding energy between cellulose and hydronium ions, which can reduce the acid hydrolysis reaction of cellulose. This study provides a theoretical explanation for natural esters to delay the ageing of insulation paper.
A novel characterization method for water trees based on the transmission characteristics of complementary split ring resonators
Authors: Xiao Mi , Wang Xuguang , Ma Haoran , Zhang Wei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn order to achieve rapid and simple non‐destructive testing of water trees in materials, a novel water tree characterisation method based on the complementary split ring resonators (CSRR) was proposed. The characteristics of circular CSRR and rectangular CSRR were analysed in high‐frequency electromagnetic simulation software. The resonant frequency of CSRR was found to be correlated to the dielectric constant of the materials. In addition, the lumped equivalent circuit parameters of CSRRs were also calculated and simulated. The results of electromagnetic simulations and circuit simulations achieved good consistency. In the experimental part, sensors based on the two kinds of CSRRs were fabricated and were used to detect the water tree defects in low‐density polyethylene samples. The experiment results showed that the method of using CSRR sensors to detect water tree is feasible.
Inductive power transfer system with constant current and constant voltage outputs for battery charging based on double‐channel T‐circuit
Authors: Wu Yong , Yang Bin , Chen Yonghong , Chen Yang , Mai Ruikun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTo ensure the safety and effectiveness of charging a battery, constant current and constant voltage (CC‐CV) charging is widely used in inductive power transfer (IPT) systems. A double‐channel T‐circuit (DT) is proposed to obtain CC output or CV output by selecting different work modes with a simple feedback control for various power demands. With the merit of the proposed circuit, fewer components are employed compared to previous work with zero phase angle (ZPA) of inverter in the whole charging process. Besides, an IPT system using DT cascaded with LCC‐S (DTLS) is proposed to improve design freedom of the charge current and charge voltage with the constraints of the magnetic coupler (MC) parameters for CC‐CV charging. Finally, a prototype with 60 V/2 A output was built to verify the theoretical analysis. The experimental results show that the fluctuation of the charging current is less than 2% in CC mode, and that of charging voltage in CV mode is within 4% with the maximum efficiency up to 93.36% during the whole charging process.
Channel state information acquisition method of internet of things based on deep learning
Authors: Zhang Chen 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAs one of the key technologies of Internet of things (IoT), the accurate and efficient acquisition of CSI is an important part to support the high quality communication of IOT system. However, the current IOT system is massive and complex, and the traditional CSI acquisition method is difficult to meet its efficient information communication. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an improved CSI acquisition method based on bidirectional convolutional long and short‐term memory networks (Bidirectional Convolutional Long Short‐Term Memory, Bi‐ConvLSTM) and attention mechanism. This method unifies the Bi‐ConvLSTM‐Attention network module to improve the encoder and decoder of the CSI‐Net network model. Among them, the Bi‐ConvLSTM module is mainly used to learn the time correlation between channel matrices. The attention mechanism module is used to calculate the soft probability distribution, so that the Bi‐ConvLSTM network has the function of automatic weighting, thereby further improving the characterization ability of characteristic information. In the last part of the thesis, the proposed method is simulated and verified. Experimental results show that the proposed method exhibits excellent network performance in both single‐user and multi‐user massive MIMO system scenarios. Compared with the comparison method, the bit error rate performance and system capacity are improved by about 0.3–6 dB and 1.3–3.7 bps/Hz in the multi‐user complex scene.
Increased corn oil intake during an allergy sensitization period aggravates food allergy severity after oral allergen exposure
Authors: Maeta Akihiro , Katahira Risako , Takahashi Kyoko 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
Egg white (EW) allergy model mice underwent 15-day oral immunotherapy (OIT) using diets with different corn-oil content and 1% EW. After OIT, mortality following an oral food challenge in OIT groups was approximately 90%. However, in previous studies, mortality was 0%. This phenomenon is to be associated with increased corn-oil intake during allergy sensitization and allergen exposure for 2 weeks.
Enterococcus faecaliscolonizes and forms persistent biofilm microcolonies on undamaged endothelial surfaces in a rabbit endovascular infection model
Authors: Barnes Aaron M T , Frank Kristi L , Dale Jennifer L , Manias Dawn A , Powers Jennifer L , Dunny Gary M 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTInfectious endocarditis (IE) is an uncommon disease with significant morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis of IE has historically been described as a cascade of host-specific events beginning with endothelial damage and thrombus formation and followed by bacterial colonization of the nascent thrombus. Enterococcus faecalis is a Gram-positive commensal bacterial member of the gastrointestinal tract microbiota in most terrestrial animals and a leading cause of opportunistic biofilm-associated infections, including endocarditis. Here, we provide evidence that E. faecalis can colonize the endocardial surface without pre-existing damage and in the absence of thrombus formation in a rabbit endovascular infection model. Using previously described light and scanning electron microscopy techniques, we show that inoculation of a well-characterized E. faecalis lab strain in the marginal ear vein of New Zealand White rabbits resulted in rapid colonization of the endocardium throughout the heart within 4 days of administration. Unexpectedly, ultrastructural imaging revealed that the microcolonies were firmly attached directly to the endocardium in areas without morphological evidence of gross tissue damage. Further, the attached bacterial aggregates were not associated with significant cellular components of coagulation or host extracellular matrix damage repair (i.e. platelets). These results suggest that the canonical model of mechanical surface damage as a prerequisite for bacterial attachment to host sub-endothelial components is not required. Furthermore, these findings are consistent with a model of initial establishment of stable, endocarditis-associated E. faecalis biofilm microcolonies that may provide a reservoir for the eventual valvular infection characteristic of clinical endocarditis. The similarities between the E. faecalis colonization and biofilm morphologies seen in this rabbit endovascular infection model and our previously published murine gastrointestinal colonization model indicate that biofilm production and common host cell attachment factors are conserved in disparate mammalian hosts under both commensal and pathogenic contexts.
Intermittent fasting and caloric restriction interact with genetics to shape physiological health in mice
Authors: Zhang Guozhu , Deighan Andrew , Raj Anil , Robinson Laura , Donato Hannah J , Garland Gaven , Leland Mackenzie , Martin-McNulty Baby , Kolumam Ganesh A , Riegler Johannes , Freund Adam , Wright Kevin M , Churchill Gary A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Dietary interventions can dramatically affect physiological health and organismal lifespan. The degree to which organismal health is improved depends upon genotype and the severity of dietary intervention, but neither the effects of these factors, nor their interaction, have been quantified in an outbred population. Moreover, it is not well understood what physiological changes occur shortly after dietary change and how these may affect the health of an adult population. In this article, we investigated the effect of 6-month exposure of either caloric restriction (CR) or intermittent fasting (IF) on a broad range of physiological traits in 960 1-year old Diversity Outbred mice. We found CR and IF affected distinct aspects of physiology and neither the magnitude nor the direction (beneficial or detrimental) of effects were concordant with the severity of the intervention. In addition to the effects of diet, genetic variation significantly affected 31 of 36 traits (heritabilities ranged from 0.04 to 0.65). We observed significant covariation between many traits that was due to both diet and genetics and quantified these effects with phenotypic and genetic correlations. We genetically mapped 16 diet-independent and 2 diet-dependent significant quantitative trait loci, both of which were associated with cardiac physiology. Collectively, these results demonstrate the degree to which diet and genetics interact to shape the physiological health of adult mice following 6 months of dietary intervention.
Pleiotropy or linkage? Their relative contributions to the genetic correlation of quantitative traits and detection by multitrait GWA studies
Authors: Chebib Jobran , Guillaume Frédéric 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGenetic correlations between traits may cause correlated responses to selection. Previous models described the conditions under which genetic correlations are expected to be maintained. Selection, mutation, and migration are all proposed to affect genetic correlations, regardless of whether the underlying genetic architecture consists of pleiotropic or tightly linked loci affecting the traits. Here, we investigate the conditions under which pleiotropy and linkage have different effects on the genetic correlations between traits by explicitly modeling multiple genetic architectures to look at the effects of selection strength, degree of correlational selection, mutation rate, mutational variance, recombination rate, and migration rate. We show that at mutation-selection(-migration) balance, mutation rates differentially affect the equilibrium levels of genetic correlation when architectures are composed of pairs of physically linked loci compared to architectures of pleiotropic loci. Even when there is perfect linkage (no recombination within pairs of linked loci), a lower genetic correlation is maintained than with pleiotropy, with a lower mutation rate leading to a larger decrease. These results imply that the detection of causal loci in multitrait association studies will be affected by the type of underlying architectures, whereby pleiotropic variants are more likely to be underlying multiple detected associations. We also confirm that tighter linkage between nonpleiotropic causal loci maintains higher genetic correlations at the traits and leads to a greater proportion of false positives in association analyses.
The Effects of Aging on Male Mouse Pancreatic β-Cell Function Involve Multiple Events in the Regulation of Secretion: Influence of Insulin Sensitivity
Authors: Tudurí Eva , Soriano Sergi , Almagro Lucía , García-Heredia Anabel , Rafacho Alex , Alonso-Magdalena Paloma , Nadal Ángel , Quesada Ivan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Aging is associated with a decline in peripheral insulin sensitivity and an increased risk of impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes. During conditions of reduced insulin sensitivity, pancreatic β cells undergo adaptive responses to increase insulin secretion and maintain euglycemia. However, the existence and nature of β-cell adaptations and/or alterations during aging are still a matter of debate. In this study, we investigated the effects of aging on β-cell function from control (3-month-old) and aged (20-month-old) mice. Aged animals were further categorized into 2 groups: high insulin sensitive (aged-HIS) and low insulin sensitive (aged-LIS). Aged-LIS mice were hyperinsulinemic, glucose intolerant, and displayed impaired glucose-stimulated insulin and C-peptide secretion, whereas aged-HIS animals showed characteristics in glucose homeostasis similar to controls. In isolated β cells, we observed that glucose-induced inhibition of KATP channel activity was reduced with aging, particularly in the aged-LIS group. Glucose-induced islet NAD(P)H production was decreased in aged mice, suggesting impaired mitochondrial function. In contrast, voltage-gated Ca2+ currents were higher in aged-LIS β cells, and pancreatic islets of both aged groups displayed increased glucose-induced Ca2+ signaling and augmented insulin secretion compared with controls. Morphological analysis of pancreas sections also revealed augmented β-cell mass with aging, especially in the aged-LIS group, as well as ultrastructural β-cell changes. Altogether, these findings indicate that aged mouse β cells compensate for the aging-induced alterations in the stimulus-secretion coupling, particularly by adjusting their Ca2+ influx to ensure insulin secretion. These results also suggest that decreased peripheral insulin sensitivity exacerbates the effects of aging on β cells.
Vulcan: Improved long-read mapping and structural variant calling via dual-mode alignment
Authors: Fu Yilei , Mahmoud Medhat , Muraliraman Viginesh Vaibhav , Sedlazeck Fritz J , Treangen Todd J 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
Long-read sequencing has enabled unprecedented surveys of structural variation across the entire human genome. To maximize the potential of long-read sequencing in this context, novel mapping methods have emerged that have primarily focused on either speed or accuracy. Various heuristics and scoring schemas have been implemented in widely used read mappers (minimap2 and NGMLR) to optimize for speed or accuracy, which have variable performance across different genomic regions and for specific structural variants. Our hypothesis is that constraining read mapping to the use of a single gap penalty across distinct mutational hot spots reduces read alignment accuracy and impedes structural variant detection.

Findings
We tested our hypothesis by implementing a read-mapping pipeline called Vulcan that uses two distinct gap penalty modes, which we refer to as dual-mode alignment. The high-level idea is that Vulcan leverages the computed normalized edit distance of the mapped reads via minimap2 to identify poorly aligned reads and realigns them using the more accurate yet computationally more expensive long-read mapper (NGMLR). In support of our hypothesis, we show that Vulcan improves the alignments for Oxford Nanopore Technology long reads for both simulated and real datasets. These improvements, in turn, lead to improved accuracy for structural variant calling performance on human genome datasets compared to either of the read-mapping methods alone.

Conclusions
Vulcan is the first long-read mapping framework that combines two distinct gap penalty modes for improved structural variant recall and precision. Vulcan is open-source and available under the MIT License at https://gitlab.com/treangenlab/vulcan.
The Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Medical Home: A Proposed Model
Authors: Michel Hilary K , Boyle Brendan , David Jennie , Donegan Amy , Drobnic Barb , Kren Courtney , Maltz Ross M , McKillop Hannah N , McNicol Megan , Oates Melanie , Dotson Jennifer L 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Care for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can be complex and costly. Care delivery models to address these challenges and improve care quality are essential. The patient-centered medical home (PCMH), which was developed in the primary care setting, has recently been applied successfully to the adult IBD population. Following the tenets of the PCMH, this specialty medical home (SMH) emphasizes team-based care that is accessible, comprehensive, patient/family-centered, coordinated, compassionate, and continuous and has demonstrated improved patient outcomes. Children and young adults with IBD have equally complex care needs, with additional challenges not faced by the adult population such as growth, physical and psychosocial development, and transition of care from pediatric to adult providers. Thus, we advocate that the components of the PCMH are equally—if not more—important in caring for the pediatric patient population. In this article, we review what is known about the application of the PCMH model in adult IBD care, describe care delivery within the Center for Pediatric and Adolescent IBD at Nationwide Children’s Hospital as an example of a pediatric IBD medical home, and propose a research agenda to further the development and dissemination of comprehensive care delivery for children and adolescents with IBD.
A Dynamic Dyadic Systems Approach to Interpersonal Communication
Authors: Solomon Denise Haunani , Brinberg Miriam , Bodie Graham D , Jones Susanne , Ram Nilam 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This article articulates conceptual and methodological strategies for studying the dynamic structure of dyadic interaction revealed by the turn-to-turn exchange of messages between partners. Using dyadic time series data that capture partners’ back-and-forth contributions to conversations, dynamic dyadic systems analysis illuminates how individuals act and react to each other as they jointly construct conversations. Five layers of inquiry are offered, each of which yields theoretically relevant information: (a) identifying the individual moves and dyadic spaces that set the stage for dyadic interaction; (b) summarizing conversational units and sequences; (c) examining between-dyad differences in overall conversational structure; (d) describing the temporal evolution of conversational units and sequences; and (e) mapping within-dyad dynamics of conversations and between-dyad differences in those dynamics. Each layer of analysis is illustrated using examples from research on supportive conversations, and the application of dynamic dyadic systems analysis to a range of interpersonal communication phenomena is discussed.