bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wavelength modulation laser spectroscopy of N2O at 17 µm
Authors: Wang Y , Rodewald J , Lopez O , Manceau M , Darquié B , Sauer B E , Tarbutt M R 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Using a mid-infrared quantum cascade laser and wavelength modulation absorption spectroscopy, we measure the frequencies of ro-vibrational transitions of N2O in the 17 µm region with uncertainties below 5 MHz. These lines, corresponding to the bending mode of the molecule, can be used for calibration of spectrometers in this spectral region. We present a model for the lineshapes of absorption features in wavelength modulation spectroscopy that takes into account Doppler broadening, collisional broadening, saturation of the absorption, and lineshape distortion due to frequency and intensity modulation. Combining our data with previous measurements, we provide a set of spectroscopic parameters for several vibrational states of N2O. The lines measured here fall in the same spectral region as a mid-infrared frequency reference that we are currently developing using trapped, ultracold molecules. With such a frequency reference, the spectroscopic methods demonstrated here have the potential to improve frequency calibration in this part of the spectrum.
Broadband achromatic metalens with wide field of view for linearly polarized light in the visible region
Authors: Li Dancui , Li Yangyang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
With flexibly manipulating wavefront in multiple dimensions at subwavelength scales, the metalens recently has caught growing attention. However, the presence of the chromatic aberration and monochromatic aberration hinder metalens, from wider applications. Here, we demonstrate a metalens based on the propagation phase, providing a diffraction-limited achromatic focusing with wide field of view (FOV) for linearly polarized light at visible region. In order to eliminate the aberrations, the aperture stop and the metasurface are separated in space and the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to arrange the unit cells to achieve achromatic focusing. The simulation results show that the x-linearly polarized light of different wavelengths can be focused to the same plane within visible range from 0.473 to 0.6328 μm, featuring a wide field of view up to 80°. In addition, the architecture of the metalens is simplified to a single-layer metasurface by this method compared with the cascaded metalenses and conventional bulky optical systems, and we expect that our approach can underpin the development of integrated and visible imaging.
Aharonov–Bohm magnetism and Landau diamagnetism in semimetals
Authors: Kolomeisky Eugene B , Straley Joseph P 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We compute the magnetic response of hollow semimetal cylinders and rings to the presence of an axial Aharonov–Bohm magnetic flux, in the absence of interactions. We predict nullification of the Aharonov–Bohm effect for a class of dispersion laws that includes ‘non-relativistic’ dispersion and demonstrate that at zero flux the ground-state of a very short ‘armchair’ graphene tube will exhibit a ferromagnetic broken symmetry. We also compute the diamagnetic response of bulk semimetals to the presence of a uniform magnetic field, specifically predicting that the susceptibility has a logarithmic dependence on the size of the sample.
Approximations and bounds for optimal controls via finite fourier series
Authors: Nicolosi Gabriel , Friesz Terry , Griffin Christopher 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This work considers the problem of approximating initial condition and time-dependent optimal control and trajectory surfaces using multivariable finite Fourier series. A modified Augmented Lagrangian algorithm for translating the optimal control problem into an unconstrained optimization one is proposed. A quadratic control problem in the context of Newtonian mechanics is solved to demonstrate the proposed algorithm and various computational results are presented. Use of automatic differentiation is explored to circumvent the elaborated gradient computation in the first-order optimization procedure. Furthermore, mean square error bounds are derived for the case of one and two-dimensional Fourier series approximations, suggesting a general bound for problems with state space of $n$ dimensions.
Learning the structure of a 2D colloidal suspension through deep learning from bright-field images
Authors: Herrera-Canales Victor Hugo , Rincón-Londoño Natalia , Padierna Luis Carlos , Sarmiento Gómez Erick 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Colloidal suspensions may be stable or unstable due to aggregation, which would alter the properties of the suspension and is related to many-body interactions and the delicate balance between repulsive and attractive forces, which also defines the internal structure and its macroscopic properties. Experimental studies about many-body interactions demand a lot of resources and time due to the accumulation of statistics necessary to obtain reliable results. A way to study the colloidal suspension structure is to process a great amount of bright-field images. Taking advantage of the emerging deep generative networks, we propose a method to complement this study to reduce both experimental and computational costs. The method consists of designing and tuning an architecture based on Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) that learns the static structure of a colloidal suspension from experimental images depending on concentration and generate images to concentrations outside of the experimental data. This allows the exploration of the fully accessible phase space and carry out a visual recognition of regions of interest. The best-performed network was Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network with Gradient Penalty (WCGAN-GP), trained from bright-field images of a confined colloidal suspension formed by spherical polystyrene particles in water at different area fractions. Experimental results showed that the algorithm generates new images with a high accuracy rate (85-98%) on the expected particle number at different concentrations; also, it was able to reproduce the static structure of the colloidal suspension, i.e., the pair correlation function (g(r)) lies within the experimental variation, not only for the trained data set but also for any other intermediate concentration. The correlation between experimental and generated (g(r)) was very strong (0.85-0.98) for concentrations of 0.1 and higher. This GAN proposal could be used to construct phase diagrams, identifying stable and unstable zones of colloidal systems with different interaction potentials.
Coupled dynamics of information and epidemics in time-varying multiplex networks
Authors: Wang Xiaohao , Yang Yunyun , Zhang Bo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Revealing the relationship between epidemic transmission mechanisms and information flow is crucial for optimizing public health response strategies. Given the dynamic and higher-order characteristics of networks, which capture complex behaviors more effectively, this paper proposes a dual-layer time-varying network model based on an activity-driven algorithm, in which second-order dependencies are assigned to each node. The upper layer represents the information dissemination layer, including simplex interactions and mass media. The lower layer constitutes the epidemic transmission layer, illustrating the actual interactions among individuals. By formulating the microscopic Markov (MMC) chain equations, the outbreak threshold and the effective reproduction parameter of the model are calculated in this study. Subsequently, Monte Carlo (MC) simulations are used to further validate the propagation characteristics. The results indicate that collective effects can effectively suppress epidemic transmission; however, as the 2-simplex transmission rate increases, the suppressive effect weakens. Individual characteristics also exert a significant influence on the spread of both information and epidemics.
Improved Reliability Analysis of Power Distribution Systems Through Zero Down Time (ZDT) Reconfiguration
Authors: Hammam H N , Sudiarto B 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The demand for electricity in Indonesia is continuously increasing, and ensuring a reliable and uninterrupted power supply has become a critical challenge. To address this, the Zero Down Time (ZDT) concept is implemented in the power distribution network, aiming to minimize power outages and improve reliability. This study compares the performance of a traditional spindle network configuration with a ZDT-configured network using ETAP 19.0.1 software. Simulations were conducted to analyze voltage drop, power flow, and reliability metrics, including SAIDI (System Average Interruption Duration Index) and SAIFI (System Average Interruption Frequency Index). The results indicate that the ZDT configuration significantly enhances network reliability, with a reduction in SAIDI by 89.5% and SAIFI by 79.3% compared to the traditional spindle configuration. These findings highlight the effectiveness of ZDT in maintaining network stability and compliance with industry standards, contributing to more resilient power distribution systems.
Design User Interface of Uni-Fast Swap Charger for Electric Motorcycle
Authors: Aprillia B S , Baharudin M I 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The increasing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has driven the need for robust charging infrastructure, including Battery Exchange Stations (SPBKLU). In Indonesia, the number of SPBKLU has exceeded targets, highlighting the importance of efficient user interfaces. This study aims to develop a touchscreen Human-Machine Interface (HMI) for SPBKLU using Python and PyQt5 to enhance user interaction. The interface allows users to choose charging methods based on battery voltage or brand, addressing the diversity of battery specifications in the market. Testing results show the system operates with stable CPU usage up to 1.5%, memory usage between 611.4 MB and 617.8 MB, and frame rates of 4-5 FPS. Button response times varied from 97.90ms to 162.00ms, demonstrating reliable and responsive interaction. The developed HMI facilitates efficient battery swapping processes and supports the expansion of EV infrastructure in Indonesia.
Aerodynamic analysis of the hybrid wing model for an agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle
Authors: Hao Jiacheng , Li Yongping 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In modern agriculture, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) play a pivotal role in two key operational scenarios: plant protection and land mapping. In the plant protection scenario, UAVs require excellent hovering capabilities, whereas in the land mapping scenario, they need to maintain a certain level of cruising ability. To meet these diverse performance requirements, a hybrid wing design combining tilt-wing and propeller is used in the agricultural UAV. After the design of the propeller and wing was completed, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was employed to conduct aerodynamic analysis of the hybrid-wing composite model, laying the theoretical foundation for the practical application of the hybrid-wing UAV in agriculture. The findings reveal that when the UAV's pitch angle exceeds 20 degrees, an increase in propeller speed significantly alters the flow field structure around the wing, resulting in a reduction in the lift-to-drag ratio. To ensure superior aerodynamic efficiency of the wing, the propeller speed should be maintained below 1500 rpm.
Comment on ‘Pressure of Coulomb systems with volume-dependent long-range potentials’
Authors: Li Lei , Liang Jiuyang , Xu Zhenli 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this note, we address some issues concerning the accurate pressure calculation of Coulomb systems with periodic boundary conditions. First, we prove that the formulas for the excess part of the pressure with Ewald summation also reduce to the ensemble average of one-third of the ratio between the potential energy and the volume so that the comments on our previous work in a recent paper by Onegin et al (2024 J. Phys. A: Math. Theor.
57 205002) are incorrect. Second, we demonstrate that in charge non-neutral systems, the pressure expression must be corrected to include interactions with the neutralizing background. This addresses the issues about pressure computation in LAMMPS raised in the paper by Onegin et al. Numerical experiments are performed to verify that the pressure obtained via Ewald summation with corrected terms agrees with the average pressure using thermodynamics for the non-neutral OCP system, and are independent of the splitting parameter in the Ewald summation.
Advancing extrusion-based embedded 3D bioprinting via scientific, engineering, and process innovations
Authors: Bakirci Ezgi , Asghari Adib Ali , Ashraf Syed Faaz , Feinberg Adam W 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Extrusion-based embedded 3D bioprinting, where bioinks and biomaterials are extruded within a support bath, has greatly expanded the achievable tissue architectures and complexity of biologic constructs that can be fabricated. However, significant scientific, engineering, and process-related challenges remain to recreate the full anatomic structure and physiologic function required for many therapeutic applications. This perspective explores the future advances in extrusion-based embedded 3D bioprinting that could address these challenges, paving the way for clinical translation of bioprinted tissues.&#xD;
Enhanced machining performance using a hybrid cryogenic CO₂ and TIO₂ nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication (Cryomql) system
Authors: K VETRI VELMURUGAN , Mani Narayanasamy 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study unveils a groundbreaking hybrid lubrication system that redefines machining performance by merging Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) with cryogenic CO₂ and TiO₂ nanofluid. Operating at an astonishing -62 °C—well below the triple point of CO₂—the system delivers an unprecedented fluid output speed of 400 m/s through an optimized nozzle design, ensuring rapid and efficient coolant delivery. The innovative integration of compressed-air-driven MQL, expelling 480 ml/h of Unist Coolube 2210EP oil blended with TiO₂ nanoparticles, creates a synergistic cooling effect that virtually eliminates thermal buildup during machining. Experimental trials on API L80 pipe specimens revealed a dramatic enhancement in surface integrity, achieving a near-perfect surface roughness of 0.4 µm compared to 2.03 µm with conventional methods. Moreover, the system demonstrated a striking potential to extend tool life by up to 79.68%, accompanied by significant reductions in tool wear—paving the way for substantial cost savings and improved operational efficiency. Designed with a robust “plug and play” architecture, this advanced CryoMQL system can be seamlessly integrated into existing machining setups, minimizing downtime while boosting productivity. These compelling results highlight a paradigm shift towards sustainable and resource-efficient manufacturing, marking a transformative advance in the application of nanofluids and cryogenic techniques in machining technology.
Urban sprawl drives heterogeneous flood exposure patterns along socio-demographic gradients: a case study in the Amite River Basin during the 2016 Louisiana (USA) Floods
Authors: Tama Israt J , Douthat Thomas , Smiley Kevin T. , de Jesus Crespo Rebeca 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The impact of floods may be exacerbated due to urban sprawl, which leads to residential development in naturally flood-prone areas. In the United States (US), urban sprawl has been historically tied to racial segregation, while flood-prone suburban development has been facilitated by flood insurance. While previous studies have found links between flood exposure and socio-demographic inequities, no research has addressed this question by looking at watershed-level segregation and the location of properties relative to flood-prone areas. We evaluate socio-demographic patterns of flood impact during the 2016 Floods in Louisiana (LA), USA, and whether these impacts differed inside or outside the FEMA Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA), the nation’s main flood risk indicator for property owners. We assess this question in the Amite River Basin (ARB), LA, looking at the following socio-demographic predictors: 1) race, 2) income, 3) year of property built, and 4) property type, and accounting for the location of properties relative to the FEMA-SFHA (inside/outside), and the Parish of origin. The FEMA SFHA was generally a good predictor of flood impact, and the most impacted parishes were those within the downstream area of the ARB (EBR-East Baton Rouge, Ascension, and Livingston). At the watershed scale, properties in blocks dominated by wealthier black residents had a greater impact during this flood event, but the trends, varied by parish. Trends in the older and more urban EBR parish reflected those reported for the watershed. In the newer suburban parishes of Ascension and Livingston, the highest impact was experienced by high-income, predominantly white neighborhoods, mainly inside the FEMA SFHA. Properties built between 1970-1989 were associated with higher flood impact than homes built during other periods. While socio-demographic predictors of flood exposure were heterogeneous across the ARB, our findings collectively highlight the social costs of suburbanization into hazardous areas.
Risk of simultaneous food shocks to cities increases with supply chain vulnerability to droughts
Authors: Gomez Michael J , Mejia Alfonso 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Global warming exacerbates agricultural production losses from extreme climate events with cascading impacts along supply chains that affect cities. However, little is known about cities’ vulnerability to climate-related food supply shocks. Using data-driven and network-based approaches, we determine the vulnerability of cities in the United States to domestic drought-related food shocks. Our vulnerability framework integrates key traits of a social-ecological system’s response to hazards: resilience, exposure, and sensitivity to disruption. We find that vulnerability varies considerably across cities, with western cities showing higher vulnerability than eastern cities (56% versus 47%; p < 0.001). It tends to be high in western cities because of high supply chain exposure to water stress and high urban food insecurity. Moreover, we find that southern cities show higher vulnerability than their northern counterparts, primarily due to disparities in food insecurity. Using the unprecedented 2012 U.S. drought as a case study, we show that high-vulnerability cities are associated with a higher risk of simultaneous food shocks and greater food supply losses than low-vulnerability cities. Our vulnerability framework can help inform climate adaptation interventions for food system security in urban-rural interactions.&#xD;
Freedom and Failing to Treat Persons as Equals
Authors: Beeghly Erin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter examines W. E. B. Du Bois’s trenchant critique of stereotyping in Darkwater: Voices Within the Veil and develops an equality- and freedom-focused theory of wrongful stereotyping. What’s wrong with stereotyping, according to Du Bois? For one thing, it fails to treat Black people as equals. For another, it unjustly curtails Black freedom. His analysis, this chapter argues, anticipates by one hundred years a prominent, equality-focused theory of wrongful discrimination argued for by Sophia Moreau. Though Moreau’s theory targets discriminatory actions, policies, and laws, it generalizes to stereotyping. Both theories entail that stereotyping can wrong people intrinsically (i.e., by treating them as inferior and thus not as equals), independently of its consequences. At the same time, both emphasize the ethical importance of stereotyping’s social impacts and its role in perpetuating group inequality and subordination, including practices of economic exploitation, political domination, and group-based violence.
The Necessity and Effectiveness of Violence
Authors: Pasternak Avia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter embarks on the normative analysis of violent protests by looking at the necessity and effectiveness conditions. It examines the political context in which oppressed violent protestors operate and reviews empirical findings about the likely impact of such protests. This examination demonstrates, first, that highly marginalized groups can find it very difficult to effectively protest against state injustices through traditional non-violent means. Second, there is evidence to suggest that some violence can be effective for meeting the protestors’ political goals. The discussion offers important cautionary warnings against the resort to violence, but it also shows that whether violent protests are necessary and effective is highly context-dependent and that they can be so in a non-trivial set of cases.
The Moral Seriousness of Harm to Police Officers
Authors: Pasternak Avia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter begins the investigation of the proportionality of the protective harm inflicted by violent protestors, focusing on damage to public property and state personnel. Its goal is to assess the moral seriousness of such harm, given its targets’ rights and obligations. The chapter first examines damage inflicted on public property. It rejects corporatist accounts, which assess such harm in light of the moral standing of the state itself, arguing instead that the seriousness of such harm flows from its impact on state citizens alone. It then investigates the moral seriousness of harm to police officers and develops the argument that police officers may be liable to some bodily harm, given their participation in the police force.
Redistributing Protective Harm
Authors: Pasternak Avia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter deals with three objections to the analysis of the proportionality of protective harm in violent protests and the restrictions it sets on protestors’ conduct. The first objection is that participants in violent protests are neither able nor willing to comply with such restrictions. The second objection is that even if protestors were to comply, the distribution of the harm of violent protests would concentrate only on a small proportion of the population and as such would be inherently unfair. The third objection is that in the real world, those who end up bearing the costs of violent protests are fellow oppressed citizens. This chapter offers action-guiding responses to these objections, which have implications for the ways in which the costs of repairing the damage inflicted in violent protests should be distributed.
Radical Reality
Authors: Borum Caty , Conrad-Pérez David 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Radical Reality: Documentary Storytelling and the Global Fight for Social Justice reveals how independent documentary makers around the world produce cinematic stories that speak truth to power, and why nonfiction storytelling matters for social justice. Pushing against challenging political and economic constraints, these tenacious filmmakers produce artistic nonfiction stories that stand up for freedom of expression, serve as witnesses to conflict and resilience, maintain cultural memory of human rights abuses, and open intimate windows into acts of protest, reconciliation, and resistance that often go unseen. They collaborate with activists and civil society leaders to create powerful movements of dissent, centering underrepresented voices, providing spaces for community healing and recognition, and challenging damaging narratives of people and their lived realities. And they do so in significant times. Across the globe, repressive forces threaten those who challenge power—including independent nonfiction filmmakers, journalists, and activists. And yet, hope is found in the hands of storytellers who marshal a way forward, again and again, to push the status quo toward justice. Contemporary independent documentaries are an invaluable form of public interest media and a public good, and yet, they are imperiled amid climates that are hostile to freedom of expression and open media systems. This book tells their stories.