bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of developing temporomandibular joint dysfunction in patients with maxillary dental anomalies
Authors: Danilova M. A. , Ishmurzin P. V. 
Published: July 2021

Objective. To describe the basic predictors of developing dysfunction of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in patients with maxillary dental anomalies.
Materials and methods. An open, prospective, controlled clinical experimental study was carried out; 250 patients aged 18 to 35 (mean age 23.5 2.6 years) with maxillary dental anomalies including 134 persons with temporomandibular joint dysfunction and 116 with normal articular function were examined.
Results. A multidimensional disperse analysis permitted to conclude that an extremely high (95100 %) probability of occurring temporomandibular joint dysfunction is determined with the presence of combination of two and more functional disorders with a complex of other (occlusive and cephalometric) preclinical markers of dysfunction; a high (7595 %) probability of development when one functional disorder is associated with a gnathic form of dentition occlusion anomaly; a medium degree (4575 %) of probability of occurring dysfunction with the presence of gnathic form of dentition occlusion anomaly with roentgenological changes in TMJ and the absence of functional signs; a low (1545 %) probability when detecting a dentoalveolar form of occlusion anomaly or dentition anomaly combined with roengenological changes in the joint and the absence of functional disorders; a very low (015 %) probability of dysfunction development with the presence of congested position of incisors, anomalies of separate teeth position in the sagittal plane in the frontal part and the absence of functional disorders.
Conclusions. The knowledge of the above-mentioned predisposing factors (signs) of the disturbance of the joint function can be used as an instrument for prediction of the probability of developing the temporomandibular joint dysfunction in patients with maxillary dental anomalies.
NATIONAL INTEREST AND COLLECTIVE SECURITY: ASSESSING THE ‘COLLECTIVITY’ OF GLOBAL SECURITY IN THE COVID-19 ERA
Authors: Patrick Hosea Olayiwola , Khalema Ernest Nene , Abiolu Rhoda Titilopemi Inioluwa , Mbara George 
Published: July 2021

Purpose of the study: The study's rationale is tied to examining the viability of global collective security within a continuously changing arena of national interest of actors. It assesses the basis for global actors' policy responses and actions in the fight against the novel coronavirus (Covid-19).
Methodology: The study uses a secondary data scoping review technique focusing on collective security, national interest, and Covid -19 as the central themes. It utilizes the tenents of human nature, cooperation, and systemic considerations espoused in game theory’s stag hunt analysis and Maslow’s hierarchy of needs to explore the rationale for state actions in the global arena.
Main findings: The paper confirms that while collective security is essential for global security, its efficacy is dependent on its alignment with states' national interests. Drawing from case observation of global superpowers' responses to Covid-19, the paper argues that the global and 'borderless' impact of Covid-19 serves to buttress the assertion that the integrity of collective security is a function of national interest alignment. In essence, collective security is only 'collective' and effective when state actors' national interests are directly aligned to the pursuance of such security objective(s). The paper concludes that the fight against the Covid-19 pandemic could only be won if global actors shun the narrow gains of national interest and focus on the survival of all through collective policy efforts.
Application: The study is relevant as it adds to the body of knowledge and analysis for geopolitics and international relations. It is also a useful prototype in theory testing and analysis within politics and international relations subfields. It is also relevant in the discourse of global public health and human security.
Novelty: The need to assess the methodology and need for collective action in the face of global threats is imperative. Thus, the study serves as an eye-opener and acknowledgment of the declining status of collective security in the face of national interest despite the clamor pre- and post-United nations formation and aim for world peace. Therefore, the global and 'borderless' impact of Covid-19 serves to buttress the assertion that the integrity of collective security is a function of national interest alignment. In essence, collective security is only 'collective' and effective when state actors' national interests are directly in agreement with the pursuance of such security objective(s).
Formation of the mandatory copy system in the Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Tsai I. K. 
Published: July 2021

The role and importance of the obligatory copy system in the life of the society is quite tangible. This system is the most important source of current acquisition of newly published national literature in libraries and bibliographic institutions. No other source of current acquisition can ensure the replenishment of libraries with such completeness and reliability as the legal deposit system. Wherever a work of literature is published (on the national territory), it will be delivered to libraries using the legal deposit system. The most complete collections of national literature will be available to scholars and specialists only in those libraries that enjoy the right to the legal deposit copy. The system of supplying libraries with the legal deposit copy in the Republic of Uzbekistan actively began to take shape in the 30s. XX century and was carried out through the Republican Library Collector established in Tashkent.The acquisition of book collections in scientific and technical libraries was subordinated to the needs of the branches of science and production developing in the republic and was carried out selectively, but mainly based on the legal deposit copy. This situation persisted in the republics of the Soviet Union, including the Republic of Uzbekistan until 1991.The article briefly presents the characteristics of the system of providing the libraries of the Republic of Uzbekistan with the legal copy of printed materials and presents the modern problem of regulation of the legal deposit system, which guarantees the replenishment of the national information and library stock.
Risk Factors Contributing to the Progression of Paroxysmal and Persistent Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure Patients with Mid-Range Ejection Fraction
Authors: Hazarapetyan Lusine , Budaghyan Lyudmila , Maloyan Alina , Grigoryan Svetlana 
Published: July 2021

Aims: Heart failure (HF) is frequently accompanied by atrial fibrillation (AF), a combination that worsens the outcomes of both diseases. Despite advances in the treatment of AF, it remains a serious and unsolved problem for clinicians and researchers. The aim of this study was to examine risk factors for incidents of paroxysmal and persistent AF in patients having heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF).
Methods. Overall, 71 patients with HFmrEF and non-valvular AF, including paroxysmal and persistent types, were enrolled in this study. As a control group, 42 HFmrEF patients without AF were also enrolled. All patients underwent detailed physical examination, including resting electrocardiography, echocardiography, and 24-hour ambulatory Holter monitoring. Levels of the inflammation markers high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and the fibrotic marker transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) were measured by ELISA and expressed as odds ratios.
Results: We show that paroxysmal AF was associated with higher diastolic blood pressure, whereas both paroxysmal and persistent forms of AF were associated with more frequent occurrence of hypertensive crisis episodes and greater body mass index. Progression from paroxysmal to persistent AF was associated with significant ventricular remodeling. Persistent and paroxysmal AF were associated with higher levels of inflammatory markers when compared to HFmrEF patients having no AF. In addition, TGF-1 was significantly increased in HFmrEF patients having persistent but not paroxysmal AF.
Conclusions: Occurrence of AF, first paroxysmal and then persistent, in HFmrEF patients is associated with left ventricular remodeling and the appearance of systemic inflammatory and fibrotic markers. Changes in those parameters may be indicators by which to identify patients at increased risk of atrial fibrillation. Further studies are needed to determine the prognostic validity of these markers.
Pendidikan Perdamaian dalam Pembelajaran Sejarah di SMA Jakarta
Authors: Hadi Santosa Firdaus , Raka Al Chuza Adnan Kadar  , Siti Almaesaroh  
Published: July 2021

This article aims to reveal how peace education is delivered through history lessons at Jakarta Senior High Schools. The research method used in this research is a qualitative research method with a case study approach. The core informants in this study were history subject teachers at SMA Negeri 48 Jakarta and SMA S Cengkareng 1. Based on the results of the study, it was found that peace education in history learning was carried out by including the values ​​of peace or character, and morals related to peace, such as nationalism, tolerance, and peace-loving.
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan bagaimana pendidikan perdamaian disampaikan melalui pembelajaran sejarah di SMA Jakarta. Metode penilitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Informan inti dalam penelitian ini adalah guru mata pelajaran sejarah di SMA Negeri 48 Jakarta dan SMA S Cengkareng 1. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa pendidikan perdamaian dalam pembelajaran sejarah dilakukan dengan cara memasukkan nilai-nilai perdamaian atau karakter, dan moral yang berkaitan dengan perdamaian, seperti nasionalisme, toleransi, dan cinta damai.
Spontaneously Reattached Retinal Detachment With Macular Hole – a Case Report
Authors: Chakraborty Debdulal , Das Dipankar , Khanam Begum Sabiha Mashuda 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Spontaneous reattachment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (SRRRD) is a rare presentation. A macular hole coexisting in a patient with a SRRRD is rarer still. The authors describe a case of SRRRD with a macular hole presenting with decreased vision which has never been described before in scientific literature. The patient underwent vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling and gas tamponade, leading to type I closure of the macular hole and subsequent visual improvement.
COVID-19 and Health System Response for Management of Diabetes in Bangladesh
Authors: Talukder Shamim Hayder , Islam Tasneem , Salahin Kazi Fayzus , Akter Shahin , Farhana Dina , Sultana Ummay Farihin , Islam Md. Tasbir Ul , Shi Zumin , Hussain Akhtar 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: As untreated diabetes can lead to an exacerbation of symptoms and life-threatening complications, there had been a study of such correlating variables in regards to COVID-19 treatments in Bangladesh. Therefore, the study assessed the health system response for the treatment and preventative care for diabetic patients amidst a pandemic situation under social distancing, and how it affects such health system responses in a developing country.Method: By using a cross-sectional descriptive study and collecting information through qualitative methods, the study assesses the patient’s ability to access medication, laboratory services, and preventative care. The study conducted twelve focus group discussions, 30 key informants’ interviews (KII), and reviewed twelve daily newspapers to analyze the condition of the health system response related to the treatment of diabetic patients.Results: Most responding patients were aged 55-60 years. Healthcare professionals stated that increasing incidence of COVID-19 infection is witnessed among older diabetic patients. The study also found that complications of uncontrolled diabetes result in increasing costs of treatment, creating a burden on healthcare systems, and preventing patients from proper treatment in this lockdown situation.Conclusions: With the problems specifically halting access to treatment under social distancing conditions, as well as a reluctance from health care providers to treat due to high infection rates from improper personal protective equipment (PPE) resourcing, lead to a concerning conclusion regarding diabetic healthcare systems in Bangladesh, that can benefit from telemedicine, faster and cheaper medication delivery, and popularizing diabetic testing tools.
Gravity cells as a necessary link in string theory. Energy and frequency of vibrations of gravitational strings. Obtaining a formula for determining the gravitational constant and a formula for determining the mass of an electron. The coincidence of the results obtained with the experimental data.
Authors: Chernov Andrey 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this study, a new concept is introduced - gravitational cells. The body of a black hole consists of a huge number of such cells. This hypothesis from particle physics has been organically built into string theory. As a result, using the formula for the Schwarzschild radius and the Coulomb formula, a formula was obtained to determine the gravitational constant in the region of black holes and its value was determined. The value of the usual gravitational constant has been confirmed. Also, a new physical constant was obtained - the mass of the gravitational cell of a black hole. The introduction of the hypothesis of gravitational cells into string theory allowed us to apply Planck's formula to gravitational interaction. As a result, the formula for the quantum of the gravitational field was obtained and the frequency of vibrations of gravitational strings was calculated. Based on this, a formula was obtained to determine the mass of an electron. The electron mass calculated by the new formula coincided with the known experimental value. In this work, it was also proved that the vibration frequency of gravitational strings is directly proportional to the ratio of the mass of an electron and a proton inside the gravitational cell (and inside the atom). The formula for the dependence of the gravitational constant on the magnitude of the electron mass was obtained and confirming calculations were made.
Stratification at the Health District Level for Targeting Malaria Control Interventions in Mali
Authors: Cissoko Mady , Magassa Mahamadou , Sanogo Vincent , Ouologuem Abdoulaye , Sangaré Lansana , Diarra Modibo , Bationo Cedric Stephane , Dolo Amagoron dit Mathias , Bah Mamadou D. , Doumbia Sidy , Coulibaly Mamadou B. , Traoré Diahara , Sidibé Boubacar , Landier Jordi , Cissé Idrissa , Sacko Moussa , Gaudart Jean , Sagara Issaka 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Malaria has been the main cause of morbidity and mortality in Mali, with an increase from 2017 to 2020 (2,884,837 confirmed cases and 1,454 deaths). On the recommendation of the World Health Organization (WHO) and for efficient use of resources, Mali has begun a process of malaria stratification. Method: Malaria, entomological and environmental data were collected through the local health information system, the Demographic and Health Survey 2018, research institutions and MALI-METEO services. The WHO stratification based on malaria incidence was used to present a stratified malaria risk map. Environmental factors associated with malaria were identified using a general additive non-linear regression model. The classification and regression tree method was used to improve the stratification. Interventions were proposed according to the incidence stratification and the different environmental, entomological, access to care maps. Results: From 2017 to 2019, the median incidence across the 75 health districts was 129. cases per 1,000 person-year (IQR=86.48). Stratification resulted in 12 health districts of very low, 19 low, 20 moderates and 24 in high transmission areas. Considering the environmental risk associated to malaria incidence, 6 environmental classes were selected. Four different strategies were proposed, from improving 2 surveillance and response to epidemic in the very low and low zones, to access to care improvement in the moderate and high zone. Conclusion: This stratification in Mali will allow targeting malaria control strategies.
Development, Disappearance, and Clinical Course of Melanosis Coli: Sex Differences in Progression of Severity
Authors: Katsumata Ryo , Manabe Noriaki , Monobe Yasumasa , Ayaki Maki , Suehiro Mitsuhiko , Fujita Minoru , Kamada Tomoari , Kawamoto Hirofumi , Haruma Ken 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

Melanosis coli (MC) is an acquired colorectal disorder visualized as colonic mucosa pigmentation. Disease severity is confirmed based on MC depth, shape, and coloration, although the clinical course is not fully understood. This study sought to clarify characteristics of MC development and disappearance and to demonstrate its clinical course and severity. Contributors to progression of MC grade were also explored.
Methods

To investigate the patient and clinical features of developing and disappearing MC, this study reviewed colonoscopy cases at a single institution over a 10-year period. The clinical course of MC grade was evaluated to explore the predictive factors of progressive MC. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to determine the probability of disease progression, and the log-rank test was used to calculate equality of the clinical course.
Results

Of all MC cases, 17 developing and 11 disappearing cases were detected. Anthranoid laxative use was a key factor: 29.4% of developing cases used this agent before initial diagnosis of MC, whereas 27.2% of disappearing cases discontinued anthranoids before detection of MC disappearance. Among 70 grade I cases, progression to grade II occurred in 16 cases during mean follow-up of 3.67 ± 2.1 years. Male sex was more frequent in progressive than stable cases, and probability of progression was higher for male versus female cases.
Conclusions

An association between anthranoid administration and MC presence was detected; a sex difference in the clinical course was confirmed; and mild MC was found to progress in severity over 5 years.
Earth’s albedo time series reveals low radiative energy input in December 2020
Authors: Penttilä Antti , Muinonen Karri , Ihalainen Olli , Uvarova Elizaveta , Vuori Mikko , Xu Guanglang , Näränen Jyri , Wilkman Olli , Peltoniemi Jouni , Gritsevich Maria , Järvinen Heikki , Marshak Alexander 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The Earth’s spherical albedo describes the ratio of light reflected from the Earth to that incident from the Sun, an important input variable for the Earth’s radiation balance. The spherical albedo has been previously estimated from satellites in low-Earth orbits, and from light reflected from the Moon. However, neither of these methods can produce continuous time series of the entire planet. We developed a global method to derive the Earth’s spherical albedo using the images from the Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) on board NOAA’s Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR). The satellite is located in the Lagrange 1 point between the Earth and the Sun and observes the complete illuminated part of the Earth at once. The method allows us to provide continuously updated spherical albedo time series data starting from 2015. This time series shows a systematic seasonal variation with the mean annual albedo estimated as 0.295±0.008 and an exceptional albedo maximum in 2020, attributed to unusually abundant cloudiness over the Southern Oceans.
Identification of Metastasis-Related Signature For Predicting Survival In Osteosarcoma
Authors: Shi Song , Yang Shuaijie , Zhou Zhenyu , Sun Kai , Tao Ran , Wan Fuyin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundRNA sequencing has become a powerful tool for exploring tumor recurrence or metastasis mechanisms. In this study, we aimed to develop a signature to improve the prognostic predictions of osteosarcoma.Materials and methodsBy comparing the expression profiles between metastatic and non-metastatic samples, we obtained 57 metastatic-related gene signatures. Then we constructed a 3‐gene signature to predict the prognostic risk of osteosarcoma patients by the Cox proportional hazards regression model. The risk score derived from this signature could successfully stratify osteosarcoma patients into subgroups with different survival outcomes.ResultsPatients in the low-risk group showed more prolonged overall survival than those in the high-risk group. And the performance was validated with another independent dataset. Multivariate cox regression revealed that the risk score served as an independent risk factor. Besides, we found that patients with low-risk scores had higher expression levels of immune-related signatures, suggesting an active immune status in those patients. Using the CIBERSORT database, we further systematically analyzed the relationships between the risk score and immune cell infiltration levels, as well as the immune activation markers. Higher infiltration of immune cells (CD8 T cells, monocytes, M2 macrophages, and memory B cells) and higher levels of immune cytotoxic markers (GZMA, GMZB, IFNG, and TNF) were observed in patients in the low-risk group.ConclusionsIn summary, this 3-gene signature could be a reliable marker for prognostic evaluation and help clinicians identify high‐risk patients.
New Designing The Relationship Between The Water-Energy-Food Nexus With Environmental Objectives At The Basin Level For Sustainable Agricultural Management
Authors: Mirzaei Abbas , Abdeshahi Abbas , Azarm Hassan , Naghavi Somayeh 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Accomplishing the objectives of optimal and sustainable management in the agricultural sector is increasingly getting complicated, which includes increasing the sustainable productivity of water and energy resources, ensuring food security, decreasing contaminations from fertilizers and chemical pesticides, and environmental destruction. The present research deals with designing the relationships between the water-energy-food (WEF) nexus approach with economic and environmental objectives to accomplish the aforementioned objectives. Hence, a multi-objective programming model was developed to maximize the water-energy-food nexus index and farmers' gross margin, minimize the use of chemical fertilizers (nitrogen and phosphate), and minimize the use of chemical pesticides (herbicides) by considering the balancing constraint to groundwater resources. Afterward, the proposed multi-objective model was solved using the augmented ε-constraint method, and then the total of strong and efficient Pareto solutions was extracted. Then, the best solution was chosen using the TOPSIS method and assigning a weight of equal importance to the desired objectives. The irrigation network of Jiroft plain in Kerman province in Iran was chosen as the study area to implement such a system. The obtained results indicated that the optimal and sustainable management in the agriculture sector can be hopeful using the proposed approach in the current research. On the other hand, the results revealed that despite considering the economic objective in the proposed system, the farmers' profits can be significantly decreased. Thus, the realization of optimal and sustainable management in the agricultural sector is not possible without the implementation of policies for increasing the economic incentive of farmers.