bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socio-demographic and behavioural factors associated with status change of sleep quality and duration among Chinese older adults
Authors: Lee Yen-Han , Chang Yen-Chang , Chang Po-Ju , Shelley Mack 
Published: February 2021

AbstractChina has faced challenges related to the rapid growth of its ageing population, and sleep is one of the public health challenges to this demographic group. This study examines the socio-demographic and behavioural factors associated with status change of sleeping patterns among Chinese older adults, using longitudinal data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Socio-demographic factors were selected from the 2012 wave of the CLHLS to examine the sleep status change in the 2014 wave. Multivariable logistic and multinomial regressions were used to study older adults’ changes of sleep quality and daily sleep duration. Older adults, 65 years old or above, were selected as study participants. A higher level of education was negatively associated with poor sleep quality and longer sleep duration (>8 hours). Increasing age was positively associated with both shorter and longer sleep duration. Being female was negatively associated with longer sleep duration. However, exercise status, smoking behaviour and alcohol use all were neither positively nor negatively associated with status change of sleeping patterns. Participants’ education, age and gender might be important factors associated with sleep status change. However, the effects of behavioural factors should be studied further. Policy implications and further research directions are discussed based on empirical results.
Diagnostic value of using a combination of nucleic acid and specific antibody tests for SARS-CoV-2 in coronavirus disease 2019
Authors: Zhao Kaochang , Ai Li , Zhao Yang , Wang Tao , Zheng Zhishui , Zeng Shaolin , Ding Xuhong , Hu Suping , Nie Hanxiang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a newly emerged disease with various clinical manifestations and imaging features. The diagnosis of COVID-19 depends on a positive nucleic acid amplification test by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, the clinical manifestations and imaging features of COVID-19 are non-specific, and nucleic acid test for SARS-CoV-2 can have false-negative results. It is presently believed that detection of specific antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 is an effective screening and diagnostic indicator for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Thus, a combination of nucleic acid and specific antibody tests for SARS-CoV-2 will be more effective to diagnose COVID-19, especially to exclude suspected cases.
User fees removal and community-based management of undernutrition in Burkina Faso: what effects on children’s nutritional status?
Authors: Zombré David Y , De Allegri Manuela , Ridde Valéry , Zinszer Kate 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjective:To examine the effect of an intervention combining user fees removal with community-based management of undernutrition on the nutrition status in children under 5 years of age in Burkina Faso.Design:The study was a non-equivalent control group post-test-only design based on household survey data collected 4 years after the intervention onset in the intervention and comparison districts. Additionally, we used propensity score weighting to achieve balance on covariates between the two districts, followed by logistic multilevel modelling.Setting:Two health districts in the Sahel region.Participants:Totally, 1116 children under 5 years of age residing in 41 intervention communities and 1305 from 51 control communities.Results:When comparing children living in the intervention district to children living in a non-intervention district, we determined no differences in terms of stunting (OR = 1·13; 95 % CI 0·83, 1·54) and wasting (OR = 1·21; 95 % CI 0·90, 1·64), nor in severely wasted (OR = 1·27; 95 % CI 0·79, 2·04) and severely stunted (OR = 0·99; 95 % CI 0·76, 1·26). However, we determined that 3 % of the variance of wasting (95 % CI 1·25, 10·42) and 9·4 % of the variance of stunting (95 % CI 6·45, 13·38) were due to systematic differences between communities of residence. The presence of the intervention in the communities explained 2 % of the community-level variance of stunting and 3 % of the community-level variance of wasting.Conclusions:With the scaling-up of the national free health policy in Africa, we stress the need for rigorous evaluations and the means to measure expected changes in order to better inform health interventions.
Assessment of diversity in tropical soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) varieties and elite breeding lines using single nucleotide polymorphism markers
Authors: Abebe Abush Tesfaye , Kolawole Adesike Oladoyin , Unachukwu Nnanna , Chigeza Godfree , Tefera Hailu , Gedil Melaku 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSoybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is an important legume crop with high commercial value widely cultivated globally. Thus, the genetic characterization of the existing soybean germplasm will provide useful information for enhanced conservation, improvement and future utilization. This study aimed to assess the extent of genetic diversity of soybean elite breeding lines and varieties developed by the soybean breeding programme of the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria. The genetic diversity of 65 soybean genotypes was studied using single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. The result revealed that 2446 alleles were detected, and the indicators for allelic richness and diversity had good differentiating power in assessing the diversity of the genotypes. The three complementary approaches used in the study grouped the germplasm into three major clusters based on genetic relatedness. The analysis of molecular variance revealed that 71% (P < 0.001) variation was due to among individual genotypes, while 11% (P < 0.001) was ascribed to differences among the three clusters, and the fixation index (FST) was 0.11 for the SNP loci, signifying moderate genetic differentiation among the genotypes. The identified private alleles indicate that the soybean germplasm contains diverse variability that is yet to be exploited. The SNP markers revealed high diversity in the studied germplasm and found to be efficient for assessing genetic diversity in the crop. These results provide valuable information that might be utilized for assessing the genetic variability of soybean and other legume crops germplasm by breeding programmes.
The use of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) in addressing family accommodation (FA) for child anxiety
Authors: Byrne Gary 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Many parents of children with anxiety tend to engage in varying levels of family accommodation (FA) in order to alleviate anxiety symptoms. This can exacerbate anxiety symptoms and have adverse effects for psychological treatments. A small number of general and specific interventions have been developed for FA but treatment research is at a nascent stage. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) may be an effective treatment for FA. This article reviews the potential advantages and uses of ACT and how ACT’s six core processes can help target particular features of FA. The theoretical support for ACT is reviewed relevant to FA. The article concludes by conjecturing how ACT may be a useful and adaptive treatment in targeting FA.

Key learning aims

(1)
To understand how FA impacts on child anxiety.

(2)
To help provide an overview of how ACT may be a relevant treatment in addressing FA.

(3)
To look at how each of the six core processes may address specific components of FA.
Muslim Fashion: Challenging Transregional Connectivities between Malaysia and the Arabian Peninsula
Authors: Thimm Viola 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn Malaysia, a Muslim-majority country in Southeast Asia, a dynamic market for Muslim fashion has evolved over the past decade, especially concerning theabaya, a female Muslim dress. Malay Malaysian designers, producers and consumers focus on this garment because it represents a style of female Islamic clothing that is perceived as ‘authentic’. Theabayaoriginates from the Arabian Peninsula and is generally worn by Arabic Muslim women with asyariah-compliant design that is commonly simple, loose and opaque. Embedded into the broader marketising processes of ahalalindustry in Malaysia, Malay women started to adopt this material object and transformed it into a distinct expression of Malaysian Muslim style. The originalabayathat follows Islamic rules became a colourful and decorated dress. This transformative process is not only an expression of variation in fashion and style but profoundly transcends powerful social, placial and spatial orders within the Muslim world. The Malaysian fashion market forabayas is embedded in wider dynamics of sacred landscaping in which the Arabian Peninsula is considered to be the ‘centre of Islam’ while Malaysia is positioned and positions itself at the margins. However, Malay Malaysian social actors have shifted this constellation towards a Malaysia that has pushed itself to the forefront of a commercialising Islam through the development of the related Muslim fashion market, among other things. Thus, within a Muslim world order, transregional connections lead to an entangled web of meaning-making regarding power structures, Islamic principles and social practices.
Green tea and green tea extract in oncological treatment: A systematic review
Authors: Wiese Fanny , Kutschan Sabine , Doerfler Jennifer , Mathies Viktoria , Buentzel Jens , Buentzel Judith , Huebner Jutta 
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Purpose: Teas are an essential part of traditional phytotherapy. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the clinical evidence using green tea catechins in cancer care. Methods: A systematic search was conducted searching five electronic databases concerning the effectiveness and risks of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on cancer patients. Results: Seven studies with 371 patients were included. Patients were mainly suffering from breast and prostate cancer. Dosing ranged from 28 mg to 1600 mg EGCG, intervention time from 7 days to 6 months with different applications (topical 2 studies; oral 5 studies). The studies showed heterogeneous methodological quality and results leading not to conduct a meta-analysis. There was a small decrease in prostate-specific-antigen levels in one study (N=60; T0:(mean±SD) 9.6±5.2 ng/ml, T1: 8.4±4.3 ng/ml vs. T0: 9.9±8.5 ng/ml, T1: 10.0±9.0 ng/ml; p=0.04), whereas in a second study only a trend was seen. Topical green tea was as effective as metronidazole powder in reducing the odor of fungating malignant wounds (1 study; N=30) with a consequent increase in quality of life (QoL) (p<0.001), improvement of appetite (p<0.001), malodorous control (p<0.001), social activities (p<0.001). Radiotherapy-induced diarrhea was lower in the green tea intervention group compared to placebo (1 study; N=42; week 4+5: without diarrhea p=0.002). Conclusions: The studies suggest that EGCG is as effective as a local antibiotic in malodorous control and improvement of QoL of fungating malignant wounds. Green tea could be a possible complementary method for treating acute radiation-induced diarrhea. Due to limitations, further studies with higher methodological quality and larger sample sizes are needed.
Lithospheric Formation and Evolution of Eastern North American Continent
Authors: Gao Haiying , Li Cong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLithospheric layering contains critical information about continental formation and evolution. However, discrepancies on the depth distributions of lithospheric layers have significantly limited our understanding of possible tectonic connections among the layers. Here, we construct a high‐resolution shear velocity model of eastern North America using full‐wave ambient noise simulation and inversion by integrating onshore and offshore seismic datasets. Our new model reveals large lateral variations of lithosphere thickness approximately across the major tectonic boundaries, strong low‐velocity anomalies underlying the thinner lithosphere, and multiple low‐velocity layers within the continental lithosphere. We suggest that the present mantle lithosphere beneath eastern North America was formed and modified through multiple stages of tectonic processes, among which metasomatism may have significantly contributed to the observed intralithospheric low‐velocity layers. The sharp thickness variation of lithosphere promoted edge‐driven mantle convection, which has been consequently modifying the overlying mantle lithosphere and further sharpening the gradient of lithosphere thickness
Frequent Polarity Reversals in the Cretaceous Normal Superchron
Authors: Zhang Dawen , Yan Maodu , Song Chunhui , Zhang Weilin , Fang Xiaomin , Li Bingshuai 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe Cretaceous Normal Superchron (CNS), defined as a magnetic quiet zone spanning from ∼126 to ∼84 Myr, is often used to understand the Earth’s geodynamo processes. However, whether there were polarity reversals within the CNS remains contentious. This paper presents the youngest detrital zircon U‐Pb age‐constrained magnetostratigraphic study of the Cretaceous Khorat Group for two sections (i.e., Ban Phonngam (BP) and Ban Nongpen (BN)) in Vientiane, Laos. Both sections are characterized by the prominent long normal‐polarity zones that are correlated to the CNS. Interestingly, six (four) short primary reversed horizons were identified within the BP (BN) section. Integrated with other reported reversed events, there likely at least five globally and two single reported reversed‐polarity events or clusters of events have happened within the CNS. The confirmation of frequent reversed polarities within the two parallel sections will provide a new comprehensive understanding of the Earth’s geodynamic behavior during the CNS.
Direct Observational Evidence of the Simultaneous Excitation of Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron Waves and Magnetosonic Waves by an Anisotropic Proton Ring Distribution
Authors: Teng S. , Liu N. , Ma Q. , Tao X. , Li W. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMagnetosonic (MS) waves and electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves are two important plasma wave modes in the magnetosphere. Previous simulations have shown that both waves could be generated by a ring‐like proton distribution, while direct observational evidence has yet to be reported. Here, we present simultaneous observations of MS and EMIC waves and a detailed case analysis. The linear growth rates estimated for both waves are in good agreement with the observed wave frequency spectra. The measured proton distribution evolution is also compared with the simulation results, providing direct observational evidence for the previous theoretical prediction that anisotropic ring‐like proton distributions could excite MS and EMIC waves simultaneously. Our findings are crucial for understanding the generation mechanisms of and relation between MS and EMIC waves and for evaluating their combined effects on energetic electron and ion dynamics.
The Importance of Scale‐Dependent Groundwater Processes in Land‐Atmosphere Interactions Over the Central United States
Authors: Barlage Michael , Chen Fei , Rasmussen Roy , Zhang Zhe , Miguez‐Macho Gonzalo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study explores the impacts of groundwater processes on the simulated land‐surface water balance and hydrometeorology. Observations are compared to multiscale Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) simulations of three summer seasons: 2012, 2013, and 2014. Results show that a grid spacing of 3 km or smaller is necessary to capture small‐scale river and stream networks and associated shallow water tables, which supplies additional root‐zone water double that of simulations with 9‐km and 27‐km grid spacing and is critical to replenishing the depleted vegetation root zones and leads to 150 mm more evapotranspiration. Including groundwater processes in convection‐permitting models is effective to reduce: (1) 2‐m temperature warm biases from 5–6 to 2–3 °C and (2) the low precipitation bias by half. The additional groundwater supply to active soil flux in convection‐permitting simulations with groundwater for June‐August is nearly translated into the same amount of increased precipitation in the domain investigated.
Regional Drought Risk in the Contiguous United States
Authors: Apurv Tushar , Cai Ximing 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this study, we provide an outlook for regional drought risk in the contiguous US (CONUS) in the near future based on ongoing drought trends, and assess its impacts on soil moisture, streamflow, and water supply in different regions. It is found that the meteorological drought risk has been decreasing in northern parts of the CONUS and increasing in the Southwest and Southeast United States (US). In the Southwest US, droughts are associated with severe deficits in soil moisture and streamflow, which can adversely affect ecosystems in the region. Meanwhile, droughts are expected to have severe impacts on water supply and agriculture in the Southeast US due to increasing water demand, limited storage capacity, and predominantly rainfed agriculture in the region. The study shows that the impacts of droughts on natural and human systems are influenced by nonlinearity of the drought propagation process and vary significantly across regions in the CONUS.
Source Apportionment of Regional Ozone Pollution Observed at Mount Tai, North China: Application of Lagrangian Photochemical Trajectory Model and Implications for Control Policy
Authors: Zhang Yingnan , Xue Likun , Li Hongyong , Chen Tianshu , Mu Jiangshan , Dong Can , Sun Lei , Liu Hengde , Zhao Yong , Wu Di , Wang Xinfeng , Wang Wenxing 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTo better understand the characteristics and trace the sources of regional ozone (O3) in the North China Plain (NCP), we analyzed 1‐year continuous observations obtained at Mount Tai in 2018 and compared with previous data from 2006–2009. In the warm seasons (April–September), O3 pollution (defined as a maximum daily 8‐h average O3 mixing ratio that exceeds 75 ppbv) occurred frequently (59%–92% of days) and O3 concentrations significantly increased (especially in July–September) from 2006–2009 to 2018. We applied the Lagrangian photochemical trajectory model, built on the coupling of the Lagrangian backward trajectory model and Master Chemical Mechanism box model, to identify the source regions, key precursors, and emission sectors. The NCP was identified as the major source region with an average contribution of 74% ± 27% to the regional O3 concentrations during the O3 episodes in April–September. Regional O3 formation was highly NOx‐sensitive in air masses traveling from the southern part of the NCP but limited by anthropogenic hydrocarbons (especially alkenes) in air masses from the northern part of the NCP. The reduction of emissions from transportation and industry sectors would significantly reduce the regional O3 concentrations. Biomass burning also exerts a significant influence on regional O3 concentrations under certain circumstances. This study demonstrates that the regional background O3 at mountaintop levels is a good indicator of surface O3 pollution over a wide spatial coverage, and provides guidance for regional collaboration on emission control to mitigate photochemical air pollution over the NCP.
Home blood pressure monitors owned by participants in a large decentralised clinical trial in hypertension: the Treatment In Morning versus Evening (TIME) study
Authors: Anbarasan Thineskrishna , Rogers Amy , Rorie David A. , Kerr Grieve J. W. , MacDonald Thomas M. , Mackenzie Isla S. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractVarious home blood pressure monitors (HBPMs) are available to the public for purchase but only some are validated against standardised protocols. This study aimed to assess whether HBPMs owned by participants taking part in a clinical trial were validated models. The TIME study is a decentralised randomised trial investigating the effect of antihypertensive medication dosing time on cardiovascular outcomes in adults with hypertension. No HBPMs were provided to participants in this trial but patients were asked to report if they already owned one. We identified the model of HBPM reported by participants, then cross-referenced this against lists of validated HBPMs produced by dabl Educational Trust and the British and Irish Hypertension Society (BIHS). Of 21,104 participants, 10,464 (49.6%) reported their model of HBPM. 7464 (71.3%) of these participants owned a monitor that could be identified from the participants’ entry. Of these, 6066 (81.3%) participants owned a monitor listed as validated by either dabl (n = 5903) or BIHS (n = 5491). Some were listed as validated by both. 1398 (18.7%) participants owned an identifiable HBPM that lacked clear evidence of validation. 6963 (93.3%) participants owned an upper arm HBPM and 501 (6.7%) owned a wrist HBPM. Validated HBPMs had a higher median online retail price of £45.00 compared to £20.00 for HBPMs lacking clear evidence of validation. A significant number of participants own HBPMs lacking evidence of validation.
Latent brain state dynamics distinguish behavioral variability, impaired decision-making, and inattention
Authors: Cai Weidong , Warren Stacie L. , Duberg Katherine , Pennington Bruce , Hinshaw Stephen P. , Menon Vinod 
Published: February 2021

AbstractChildren with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have prominent deficits in sustained attention that manifest as elevated intra-individual response variability and poor decision-making. Influential neurocognitive models have linked attentional fluctuations to aberrant brain dynamics, but these models have not been tested with computationally rigorous procedures. Here we use a Research Domain Criteria approach, drift-diffusion modeling of behavior, and a novel Bayesian Switching Dynamic System unsupervised learning algorithm, with ultrafast temporal resolution (490 ms) whole-brain task-fMRI data, to investigate latent brain state dynamics of salience, frontoparietal, and default mode networks and their relation to response variability, latent decision-making processes, and inattention. Our analyses revealed that occurrence of a task-optimal latent brain state predicted decreased intra-individual response variability and increased evidence accumulation related to decision-making. In contrast, occurrence and dwell time of a non-optimal latent brain state predicted inattention symptoms and furthermore, in a categorical analysis, distinguished children with ADHD from controls. Importantly, functional connectivity between salience and frontoparietal networks predicted rate of evidence accumulation to a decision threshold, whereas functional connectivity between salience and default mode networks predicted inattention. Taken together, our computational modeling reveals dissociable latent brain state features underlying response variability, impaired decision-making, and inattentional symptoms common to ADHD. Our findings provide novel insights into the neurobiology of attention deficits in children.