bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of in‐wheel receiver coil for dynamic wireless power transfer
Authors: Shimizu Osamu , Utsu Takashi , Fujimoto Hiroshi , Gunji Daisuke , Kuwayama Isao 
Published: October 2021

AbstractShort cruise range is one of the major limitations of electric vehicles. To address this problem, dynamic wireless power transfer has been proposed. However, the eddy current loss in foreign matter is one of the greatest disadvantages of dynamic wireless power transfer. Eddy current loss decreases efficiency of wireless power transfer and increases temperature of the foreign matter, which causes burning of the combustible materials around the foreign matter in the worst case. Herein, we propose a wireless power transfer system named in‐wheel coil wherein the magnetic flus in concentrated in the tires and wheels. In addition, we propose suitable materials for the tires and the wheels of the system, to reduce the eddy current loss, are proposed using actual measurement data.
Interleukin‐7‐dependent nonclassical monocytes and CD40 expression are affected in children with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Hehenkamp Paul , Hoffmann Maximilian , Kummer Sebastian , Reinauer Christina , Döing Carsten , Förtsch Katharina , Enczmann Jürgen , Balz Vera , Mayatepek Ertan , Meissner Thomas , Jacobsen Marc , Seyfarth Julia 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe important role of IL‐7 in the generation of self‐reactive T‐cells in autoimmune diseases is well established. Recent studies on autoimmunity‐associated genetic polymorphisms indicated that differential IL‐7 receptor (IL‐7R) expression of monocytes may play a role in the underlying pathogenesis. The relevance of IL‐7‐mediated monocyte functions in type 1 diabetes remains elusive. In the present study, we characterized monocyte phenotype and IL‐7‐mediated effects in children with type 1 diabetes and healthy controls with multicolor flow cytometry and t‐distributed Stochastic Neighbor‐Embedded (t‐SNE)‐analyses. IL‐7R expression of monocytes rapidly increased in vitro and was boosted through LPS. In the presence of IL‐7, we detected lower monocyte IL‐7R expression in type 1 diabetes patients as compared to healthy controls. This difference was most evident for the subset of nonclassical monocytes, which increased after IL‐7 stimulation. t‐SNE analyses revealed IL‐7‐dependent differences in monocyte subset distribution and expression of activation and maturation markers (i.e., HLA‐DR, CD80, CD86, CD40). Notably, monocyte CD40 expression increased considerably by IL‐7 and CD40/IL‐7R co‐expression differed between patients and controls. This study shows the unique effects of IL‐7 on monocyte phenotype and functions. Lower IL‐7R expression on IL‐7‐induced CD40high monocytes and impaired IL‐7 response characterize monocytes from patients with type 1 diabetes.
A multifunctional mouse model to study the role of Samd3
Authors: Peters Annika E. , Knöpper Konrad , Grafen Anika , Kastenmüller Wolfgang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe capacity to develop immunological memory is a hallmark of the adaptive immune system. To investigate the role of Samd3 for cellular immune responses and memory development, we generated a conditional knock‐out mouse including a fluorescent reporter and a huDTR cassette for conditional depletion of Samd3‐expressing cells. Samd3 expression was observed in NK cells and CD8 T cells, which are known for their specific function against intracellular pathogens like viruses. After acute viral infections, Samd3 expression was enriched within memory precursor cells and the frequency of Samd3‐expressing cells increased during the progression into the memory phase. Similarly, during chronic viral infections, Samd3 expression was predominantly detected within precursors of exhausted CD8 T cells that are critical for viral control. At the functional level however, Samd3‐deficient CD8 T cells were not compromised in the context of acute infection with Vaccinia virus or chronic infection with Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. Taken together, we describe a novel multifunctional mouse model to study the role of Samd3 and Samd3‐expressing cells. We found that Samd3 is specifically expressed in NK cells, memory CD8 T cells, and precursor exhausted T cells during viral infections, while the molecular function of this enigmatic gene remains further unresolved.
Cannabis‐based medicines and medical cannabis for patients with neuropathic pain and other pain disorders: Nationwide register‐based pharmacoepidemiologic comparison with propensity score matched controls
Authors: Hjorthøj Carsten , La Cour Peter , Nordentoft Merete , Posselt Christine Merrild 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundNeuropathic pain and other pain disorders have received attention as potential indications for use of cannabis‐based medicines or medical cannabis (CBM/MC). Evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of CBM/MC for pain disorders is, however, insufficient. Denmark introduced a pilot programme of medical cannabis in January 2018. We aimed to evaluate efficacy, safety, and non‐specific effects of CBM/MC used under the pilot programme compared with controls.MethodsWe conducted a nationwide register‐based cohort study in Denmark, identifying all individuals redeeming at least one prescription for CBM/MC for either neuropathic pain (n = 1817) or other and unspecified pain disorders (n = 924), and to match one control to each case using propensity score matching.ResultsAmong both patient groups, users of THC used more opioids during follow‐up than controls. Among patients with neuropathic pain, however, users of either CBD, THC, or combined CBD + THC used less gabapentin than controls. Users of all three classes of CBM/MC were hospitalized fewer days than controls among neuropathic‐pain patients but not among patients with other or unspecified pain disorders.ConclusionsCBM/MC were generally safe and even displayed some positive effects among patients with neuropathic pain. We conclude that CBM/MC are safe and possibly efficacious for patients with neuropathic pain but not patients with other pain disorders.SignificancePatients with neuropathic pain may benefit from treatment with cannabis‐based medicines or medical cannabis (CBM/MC), particularly in terms of reduced use of gabapentin and fewer days admitted to hospitals, compared with propensity score matched controls. CBM/MC did not, however, reduce the use of opioids. We did not find evidence that CBM/MC were effective for patients with other pain disorders.
Electrochemical Aptasensor Based on PEI‐rGO/AuNWs and Zr‐MOF for Determination of Adenosine Triphosphate via Exonuclease I‐assisted Target Recycling Strategy
Authors: Zheng Ruina , He Baoshan , Xie Lingling , Li Liping , Yang Jinping , Liu Renli , Ren Wenjie , Suo Zhiguang , Xu Yiwei , Qu Zhenxi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this study, a hierarchically porous Zr‐MOF‐labeled electrochemical biosensor for the detection of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) was constructed using polyethylenimine‐reduced graphene oxide/Gold nanowire nanocomposite (PEI‐rGO/AuNWs) and exonuclease I (Exo I) assisted target recycling strategy. PEI‐rGO/AuNWs nanocomposite not only favor the immobilization of c‐DNA but also facilitate the electron transfer and elevate the electrode surface area. In addition, hierarchically porous Zr‐MOFs (HP‐UiO‐66), high stability and large mesoporous property, could load more signal molecules. In the presence of ATP, ATP aptamer was released from the c‐DNA, thus introducing MB@Zr‐MOF‐s‐DNA onto the electrode surface. Meanwhile, Exo I selectively digested the aptamer which bound with ATP, the released ATP participated new binding with the rest aptamer. Therefore, a significant increase in MB current intensity was observed. Under optimal conditions, the proposed aptasensor showed excellent performance with a linear range from 10−6 μM to 10 μM and a detection limit of 3.76×10−8 μM by differential pulse voltammetry. In addition, the proposed biosensor showed an outstanding performance with reproducibility, stability and anti‐interference ability, and was applied to the determination of ATP in real samples.
CE‐DAD‐MS/MS in the simultaneous determination and identification of selected antibiotic drugs and their metabolites in human urine samples
Authors: Pauter Katarzyna , Szultka‐Młyńska Małgorzata , Szumski Michał , Król‐Górniak Anna , Pomastowski Paweł , Buszewski Bogusław 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this study, a new analytical method was developed and validated for the simultaneous analysis of antibiotic drugs (amoxicillin, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, linezolid, metronidazole) and their metabolites (amoxycilloic acid, amoxicillin diketopiperazine, 3‐desacetyl cefotaxime lactone, clindamycin sulfoxide, ciprofloxacin piperazinyl‐N4‐sulfate, linezolid N‐oxide, metronidazole‐OH) in human urine. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) along with the tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) was used to determine and identify all analytes. Appropriate conditions for MS/MS measurements along with the use of the central composite design were optimized. The effects of different analytical conditions (the composition, the concentration, and the pH value of the background electrolyte, the time and pressure of the injection, the capillary temperature and influence of the organic modifier) on the migration and separation of antibiotic drugs and metabolites were examined using the CE‐DAD. The analytical procedure was linear for concentrations ranging from 20 to 1000 ng/mL, with determination coefficients higher than 0.99 for all the analytes. The validated analytical procedure was then applied to the measurement of antibiotic drugs and their metabolites in human urine samples.
Alluvial connectivity in multi‐channel networks in rivers and estuaries
Authors: Sonke Willem , Kleinhans Maarten G. , Speckmann Bettina , van Dijk Wout M. , Hiatt Matthew 
Published: October 2021

AbstractChannels in rivers and estuaries are the main paths of fluvial and tidal currents that transport sediment through the system. While network representations of multi‐channel systems and their connectivity are quite useful for characterisation of braiding patterns and dynamics, the recognition of channels and their properties is complicated because of the large bed elevation variations, such as shallow shoals and bed steps that render channels visually disconnected. We present and analyse two mathematically rigorous methods to identify channel networks from a terrain model of the river bed. Both methods construct a dense network of locally steepest‐descent channels from saddle points on the terrain, and select a subset of channels with a certain minimum sediment volume between them. This is closely linked to the main mechanism of channel formation and change by displacement of sediment volume. The two methods differ in how they compute these sediment volumes: either globally through the entire length of the river, or locally. We compare the methods for the measured bathymetry of the Western Scheldt estuary, The Netherlands, over the past decades. The global method is overly sensitive to small changes elsewhere in the network compared to the local method. We conclude that the local method works best conceptually and for stability reasons. The associated concept of alluvial connectivity between channels in a network is thus the inverse of the volume of sediment that must be displaced to merge the channels. Our method opens up possibilities for new analyses as shown in two examples. First, it shows a clear pattern of scale dependence on volume of the total network length and of the number of nodes by a power law relation, showing that the smaller channels are relatively much shorter. Second, channel bifurcations were found to be predominantly mildly asymmetrical, which is unexpected from fluvial bifurcation theory.
Uncertainty and the predictability of stock returns
Authors: Cai Wensheng , Pan Zhiyuan , Wang Yudong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWhile several theoretical models imply that uncertainty has predictive ability for stock returns, few studies investigate this issue using empirical data. We fill this gap by comparing the predictive ability of uncertainty variables with the predictive ability of well‐known economic level variables. We find the in‐sample and out‐of‐sample return predictability using the combining uncertainty information. The predictability is significant from both economic and statistical perspectives. Further analysis shows that macroeconomic uncertainty and level information provide complementary predictive ability over the business cycle. We obtain stronger and more robust return predictability using both types of information together than using either source of information alone.
Evaluating dysphagia and xerostomia outcomes following transoral robotic surgery for patients with oropharyngeal cancer
Authors: Mehta Mitesh P. , Prince Rebecca , Butt Zeeshan , Maxwell Bryce E. , Carnes Brittni N. , Patel Urjeet A. , Stepan Katelyn O. , Mittal Bharat B. , Samant Sandeep 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe assessed long‐term patient‐reported dysphagia and xerostomia outcomes following definitive surgical management with transoral robotic surgery (TORS) in patients with oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) via a cross‐sectional survey study.MethodsPatients with OPC managed with primary oropharyngeal surgery as definitive treatment at least 1 year ago between 2015 and 2019 were identified. The M. D. Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI) and Xerostomia Inventory (XI) scores were compared across treatment types (i.e., no adjuvant therapy [TORS‐A] vs. adjuvant radiotherapy [TORS+RT] vs. adjuvant chemoradiotherapy [TORS+CT/RT]).ResultsThe sample had 62 patients (10 TORS‐A, 30 TORS+RT, 22 TORS+CT/RT). TORS‐A had clinically and statistically significantly better MDADI scores than TORS+RT (p = 0.03) and TORS+CT/RT (p = 0.02), but TORS+RT and TORS+CT/RT were not significantly different. TORS‐A had clinically and statistically significantly less XI than TORS+RT (p < 0.01) and TORS+CT/RT (p < 0.01).ConclusionsPatients with OPC who have undergone TORS+RT or TORS+CT/RT following surgery face clinically worse dysphagia and xerostomia outcomes relative to patients who undergo TORS‐A.
GALAD demonstrates high sensitivity for HCC surveillance in a cohort of patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Singal Amit G. , Tayob Nabihah , Mehta Anand , Marrero Jorge A. , El‐Serag Hashem , Jin Qingchun , Saenz de Viteri Cristian , Fobar Austin , Parikh Neehar D. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background and Aims
Most patients with HCC are diagnosed at a late stage, highlighting the need for more accurate surveillance tests. Although biomarkers for HCC early detection have promising data in Phase 2 case–control studies, evaluation in cohort studies is critical prior to adoption in practice. We leveraged a prospective cohort of patients with Child‐Pugh A or B cirrhosis who were followed until incident HCC, liver transplantation, death, or loss to follow‐up. We used a prospective specimen collection, retrospective, blinded evaluation design for biomarker evaluation of GALAD (gender × age × log alpha‐fetoprotein [AFP] × des‐gamma‐carboxy prothrombin), longitudinal GALAD, and the HCC Early Detection Screening (HES) algorithm—compared to AFP—using patient‐level sensitivity and screening‐level specificity.

Approach and Results
Of 397 patients with cirrhosis, 42 developed HCC (57.1% early stage) over a median of 2.0 years. Longitudinal GALAD had the highest c‐statistic for HCC detection (0.85; 95% CI, 0.77–0.92) compared to single–time point GALAD (0.79; 95% CI, 0.71–0.87), AFP (0.77; 95% CI, 0.69–0.85), and HES (0.76; 95% CI, 0.67–0.83). When specificity was fixed at 90%, the sensitivity for HCC of single–time point and longitudinal GALAD was 54.8% and 66.7%, respectively, compared to 40.5% for AFP. Sensitivity for HCC detection was higher when restricted to patients with biomarker assessment within 6 months prior to HCC diagnosis, with the highest sensitivities observed for single–time point GALAD (72.0%) and longitudinal GALAD (64.0%), respectively. Sensitivity of single–time point and longitudinal GALAD for early‐stage HCC was 53.8% and 69.2%, respectively.

Conclusion
GALAD demonstrated high sensitivity for HCC detection in a cohort of patients with cirrhosis. Validation of these results is warranted in large Phase 3 data sets.
DDX17‐regulated alternative splicing that produced an oncogenic isoform of PXN‐AS1 to promote HCC metastasis
Authors: Zhou Hong‐Zhong , Li Fan , Cheng Sheng‐Tao , Xu Yong , Deng Hai‐Jun , Gu Da‐Yong , Wang Jin , Chen Wei‐Xian , Zhou Yu‐Jiao , Yang Min‐Li , Ren Ji‐Hua , Zheng Lu , Huang Ai‐Long , Chen Juan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background and Aims
The mechanism underlying HCC metastasis remains unclear, many oncogenes are known to regulate this process. However, the role of alternative splicing (AS) in pro‐metastatic HCC is poorly understood.

Approach and Results
By performing RNA sequencing on nine pairs of primary HCC tissues with extrahepatic metastasis (EHMH) and nine pairs of metastasis‐free HCC (MFH) tissues, we depicted the AS landscape in HCC and found a higher frequency of AS events in EHMH compared with MFH. Moreover, 28 differentially expressed splicing regulators were identified in EHMH compared with MFH. Among these, DEAD‐box RNA helicase 17 (DDX17) was significantly up‐regulated in EHMH and was strongly associated with patient outcome. Functional studies indicated that DDX17 knockout inhibited the degradation of the extracellular matrix, and diminished the invasive ability of HCC cells. A significant reduction in lung metastasis induced by DDX17 deficiency was also demonstrated in a diethylnitrosamine‐induced DDX17HKO mouse model. Mechanistically, high DDX17 induced intron 3 retention of PXN‐AS1 and produced a transcript (termed PXN‐AS1‐IR3). The transcript PXN‐AS1‐IR3 acted as an important promoter of HCC metastasis by inducing MYC transcription activation via recruiting the complex of testis expressed 10 and p300 to the MYC enhancer region, which led to transcriptional activation of several metastasis‐associated downstream genes. Finally, the PXN‐AS1‐IR3 level was significantly higher in serum and HCC tissues with extrahepatic metastasis.

Conclusions
DDX17 and PXN‐AS1‐IR3 act as important metastatic promoters by modulating MYC signaling, suggesting that DDX17 and PXN‐AS1‐IR3 may be potential prognostic markers for metastatic HCC.
Isotopic analysis to quantify the role of the Indian monsoon on water resources of selected river basins in the Himalayas
Authors: Jeelani Ghulam , Shah Rouf Ahmad , Deshpande Rajendrakumar D. , Dimri Ashok P. , Mal Suraj , Sharma Anupam 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWestern disturbances (WDs) and Indian summer monsoon (ISM) led precipitation play a central role in the Himalayan water budget. Estimating their contributions to water resource is although a challenging but essential for hydrologic understanding and effective water resource management. In this study, we used stable water isotope data of precipitation and surface waters to estimate the contribution of ISM and WDs to the water resources in three mountainous river basins ‐ Indus, Bhagirathi and Teesta river basins of western, central and Eastern Himalayas. The study reveals distinct seasonality in isotope characteristics of precipitation and surface waters in each river basin is due to changes in moisture source, hydrometeorology and relief. Despite steady spatial variance in the slope and intercept of regression lines from the Teesta to Indus and the Bhagirathi river basins, the slope and intercept are close to the global meteoric water line and reported local meteoric water line of other regions in the Himalayas and the Tibetan Plateau. The two‐component end‐member mixing method using d‐excess as tracer were used to estimate the contribution from ISM and WD led precipitation to surface water in aforementioned river basins. The results suggest that the influence of the ISM on the water resources is high (>72% to annual river flow) in Teesta river basin (eastern Himalayas), while as the WDs led precipitation is dominantly contributing (>70% average annual river flow) to the surface waters in the Indus river basin (western Himalayas). The contribution of ISM and WD led precipitation in Bhagirathi river basin is 60% and 40%, respectively. The findings demonstrate that the unusual changes in the ISM and WD moisture dynamics have the potential to affect the economy and food security of the region, which is dependent on the availability of water resources. The obtained results are of assistance to policy makers/mangers to make use of the information for better understanding hydrologic response amid unusual behaviour of the dual monsoon system over the region.
Epstein‐Barr virus prevalence among subtypes of malignant lymphoma in Rwanda, 2012 to 2018
Authors: Mpunga Tharcisse , Clifford Gary M. , Morgan Elizabeth A. , Milner Danny A. , de Martel Catherine , Munyanshongore Cyprien , Muvugabigwi Gaspard , Combes Jean‐Damien 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFew data exist on Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) prevalence across the full spectrum of lymphoma subtypes, particularly in sub‐Saharan Africa. The objective of our study was to test the presence of EBV in a nationally representative sample of malignant lymphomas diagnosed in the Butaro Cancer Center of Excellence (BCCOE) in Rwanda. Of 102 Hodgkin (HL) and 378 non‐Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) diagnosed in BCCOE between 2012 and 2018, 52 HL and 207 NHL were successfully tested by EBV‐encoding RNA in situ hybridization. EBV prevalence was 54% in HL, being detected in all classical HL subtypes: mixed‐cellularity (n = 3/8), nodular‐sclerosis (n = 7/17) and lymphocyte‐rich (n = 2/3). EBV prevalence was 9% in NHL, being 10% among 158 B‐cell NHL, 3% among 35 T‐cell NHL and the single NK‐cell NHL was EBV‐positive. Among B‐cell NHL, EBV was present in the majority of Burkitt (n = 8/13), and was also rarely detected in follicular (n = 1/4) and acute B‐cell lymphoblastic (n = 1/45) lymphomas. Five of the 45 (11%) diffuse large B‐cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) were EBV‐positive, including three out of five plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL). Of 39 HL and 163 NHL of known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status, 2 (5%) and 14 (9%) were HIV‐positive, respectively, of which only four were also EBV‐positive (2 PBL, 2 HL). In summary, we report rare regional‐level data on the association of EBV with classical HL, Burkitt and DLBCLs, and report sporadic detection in other subtypes possibly related to EBV. Such data inform the burden of disease caused by EBV and can help guide application of future advances in EBV‐specific prevention and therapeutics.
Incorporating Nb into MoSe2 Nanoflowers for Overall Electrocatalytic Water Splitting
Authors: Kuraganti Vasu , Siva Pamula , Bar‐Ziv Ronen , Bar Sadan Maya 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIncorporating transition metals such as by doping has a significant effect on the properties of TMDs, and it is an appealing research strategy to provide structural and functional tunability of these prospective materials for energy and environmental applications. Here we report the effect of incorporating Nb into MoSe2 nanoflowers on the catalytic properties for electrochemical water‐splitting. Impressively, the Nb incorporation greatly improved the active surface area and the charge‐transfer kinetics of the catalyst resulting in significant enhancement of the HER and OER activity. The considerable enhancement can be attributed to the synergistic effect of electronic regulation and surface modification induced by the Nb addition. The Nb‐modified MoSe2 comprise thin coverage of active Nb2O5 phase as evident from XPS. The niobium oxide is chemically stable under acidic and neutral conditions but degraded in strong alkaline media, thus our catalyst becomes a good candidate for water electrolysis under non‐alkaline conditions.