bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
More frequent negative social exchanges are associated with higher suicide ideation and risk in men service members/veterans
Authors: Blais Rebecca K. , Cruz Rick A. , Serang Sarfaraz 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIntroductionSuicide is a leading cause of death in military service members/veterans (SM/Vs). Positive social exchanges (e.g., emotional support) buffer against suicide risk but the influence of negative social exchanges (e.g., unwanted advice) is understudied.MethodThe current study explored (1) the contributions of positive and negative social exchanges as simultaneous correlates of suicide ideation and risk, (2) whether positive social exchanges mitigated the association of negative social exchanges and suicide ideation and risk, and (3) if facets of social exchanges were uniquely related to suicide ideation and risk. SM/Vs men (N = 508) completed self‐report questionnaires.ResultsRoughly 27% endorsed suicide ideation. Between 23.62 and 41.14% reported elevated suicide risk. Adjusted analyses revealed higher negative social exchanges, particularly insensitive behaviors, and lower positive social exchanges were associated with higher suicide ideation and risk. The magnitude of positive and negative social exchanges with suicide ideation or risk was statistically similar. Higher positive social exchanges did not attenuate the association of negative social exchanges and suicide ideation or risk (p > 0.05).ConclusionHigher negative social exchanges are equally strong correlates of suicide ideation and risk as positive social exchanges. Decreasing insensitive behaviors may reduce suicide ideation and risk in men SM/Vs.
Pre‐schoolers fundamental movement skills predict BMI, physical activity, and sedentary behavior: A longitudinal study
Authors: Duncan Michael J. , Hall Charlotte , Eyre Emma , Barnett Lisa M. , James Rob S. 
Published: April 2021

AimsThis study aimed to predict the variation in future fundamental movement skills (FMS), physical activity (PA) and body mass index (BMI) from prior FMS, PA, and BMI in British pre‐schoolers.MethodsBritish pre‐schoolers (n = 177) underwent assessment of FMS, via the Test of Gross Motor Development 2 (TGMD‐2), BMI, and PA, via accelerometer at two time points one year apart. Regression analysis was used to predict the change in PA and BMI in Year 2 from FMS variables in Year 1 and Year 2.ResultsVariation in FMS performance between individuals predicted a significant amount of change in BMI, with 12.3 and 9.8% of the change in Year 2 BMI data explained by change in Year 1 and Year 2 FMS data, respectively. Change in FMS performance between individuals predicted a significant amount of change in PA, but was better at predicting change in sedentary activity rather than light or moderate‐vigorous activities. A combination of run, throw, dribble, and kick performance predicted 46.1% of the change in sedentary activity between individuals in the 2nd year of testing.ConclusionsFMS mastery at four years of age predicts children's BMI and time spent sedentary at five years of age.
Unusual presentation of toxoplasmosis with gastro‐intestinal involvement in HLA non‐identical stem cell transplantation
Authors: Hoellinger Baptiste , Ursenbach Axel , Villard Odile , Guffroy Blandine , Simand Célestine , Lioure Bruno 
Published: April 2021

AbstractToxoplasmosis is a life‐threatening infection in allogenic stem cell recipients usually involving the brain or retina and more rarely lungs or bone marrow. Digestive involvement has only been reported in AIDS patient. We report about a 38‐year‐old man who received a haploidentical allograft for acute myeloid leukemia and developed an unusual digestive presentation with severe protein‐losing enteropathy following grade III acute digestive GvHD treated with steroids and ruxolitinib. Diagnosis was brought up because of concomitant brain involvement. Digestive symptoms fully recovered after treatment with sulfamethoxazole‐trimethoprim. Digestive toxoplasmosis could be considered as a differential diagnosis or complication of severe digestive GvHD.
Effect of Heat Treatment and Electric Discharge Alloying on the Tribological Performance of Selective Laser Melted AlSi10Mg
Authors: Thasleem P. , Kuriachen Basil , Kumar Deepak , Ahmed Afzaal , Joy M. L. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Selective laser melting (SLM) is an emerging additive manufacturing (AM) technology for fabrication of complex lightweight components along with improved mechanical properties. However, the properties are highly influenced by the continual heating and cooling during deposition, variation in local temperature, size, and shape of melt pool, and solidification growth rate. Therefore, postprocessing is very often required to control various properties of additive manufactured components. The present work investigates the influence of various postprocessing methods such as heat treatment and electric discharge alloying (EDA) on ambient and elevated temperature wear behavior of selective laser melted AlSi10Mg alloy and compared with its tribological behavior with cast AlSi10Mg. The dry wear tests were conducted using a pin on disk (POD) tribometer with EN-31 as counter body. The EDA treated SLM AlSi10Mg showed the least wear-rate and coefficient of friction (COF) at both ambient and elevated temperatures (1.05 × 10−4 mm3/Nm and 0.434 and 3.12 × 10−5 mm3/Nm and 0.531, respectively) due to its higher hardness (189.8 HV) as compared with other samples. The wear-rate and COF of cast specimen are found to be highest among all specimens at both ambient and elevated temperatures (1.34 × 10−4 mm3/Nm and 0.528 and 4.49 × 10−5 mm3/Nm and 0.724, respectively). Lower wear-rate and higher COF are observed at elevated temperature due to the excessive formation of wear-resistant oxides (Al2O3, SiO2, and MgO) and glaze layers for all samples compared with ambient temperature wear behaviors of its counterparts. Abrasive wear, adhesive wear, oxidation wear, and surface delamination are the prominent wear mechanisms observed for ambient and elevated temperatures for all the specimens.
An Enhancement of the Warping Shear Functions of Refined Zigzag Theory
Authors: Sorrenti M. , Di Sciuva M. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The paper presents an enhancement in Refined Zigzag Theory (RZT) for the analysis of multilayered composite plates. In standard RZT, the zigzag functions cannot predict the coupling effect of in-plane displacements for anisotropic multilayered plates, such as angle-ply laminates. From a computational point of view, this undesirable effect leads to a singular stiffness matrix. In this work, the local kinematic field of RZT is enhanced with the other two zigzag functions that allow the coupling effect. In order to assess the accuracy of these new zigzag functions for RZT, results obtained from bending of angle-ply laminated plates are compared with the three-dimensional exact elasticity solutions and other plate models used in the open literature. The numerical results highlight that the enhanced zigzag functions extend the range of applicability of RZT to the study of general angle-ply multilayered structures, maintaining the same seven kinematic unknowns of standard RZT.
Comparison of Rotary and Linear Cutting Methodology in Determining Specific Cutting Energy of Granite
Authors: Kazi Aamer , Kao Yi-Tang , Tai Bruce L. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Single polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) cutting is a practical technique to understand the rock–tool interactions in drag-bit-type geothermal drilling operations. This paper introduces a rotary cutting method to determine specific cutting energy (SCE) and compares it with the conventional linear cutting method. In this work, granite is selected to represent hard rock formations in geothermal drilling. Cutting tests are conducted on a Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machine with a realistic cutting speed of 12.7 m/min and several chip loads ranging from 0.08 to 0.25 mm. The cutting force is measured using a dynamometer and then converted to specific cutting energy (SCE). The results show that the rotary method produces an inverse relationship between SCE and chip load, whereas the linear method shows the opposite. As a result, the produced SCE by the rotary method tends to be lower than that of the linear method at a higher chip load at and over 0.16 mm. The difference may be attributed to the cutting configuration and associated force components.
Can EEG accurately predict 2-year neurodevelopmental outcome for preterm infants?
Authors: Lloyd Rhodri O , O'Toole John M , Livingstone Vicki , Filan Peter M , Boylan Geraldine B 
Published: April 2021

ObjectiveEstablish if serial, multichannel video electroencephalography (EEG) in preterm infants can accurately predict 2-year neurodevelopmental outcome.Design and patientsEEGs were recorded at three time points over the neonatal course for infants <32 weeks’ gestational age (GA). Monitoring commenced soon after birth and continued over the first 3 days. EEGs were repeated at approximately 32 and 35 weeks’ postmenstrual age (PMA). EEG scores were based on an age-specific grading scheme. Clinical score of neonatal morbidity risk and cranial ultrasound imaging were completed.SettingNeonatal intensive care unit at Cork University Maternity Hospital, Ireland.Main outcome measuresBayley Scales of Infant Development III at 2 years’ corrected age.ResultsSixty-seven infants were prospectively enrolled in the study and 57 had follow-up available (median GA 28.9 weeks (IQR 26.5–30.4)). Forty had normal outcome, 17 had abnormal outcome/died. All EEG time points were individually predictive of abnormal outcome; however, the 35-week EEG performed best. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for this time point was 0.91 (95% CI 0.83 to 1), p<0.001. Comparatively, the clinical course AUC was 0.68 (95% CI 0.54 to 0.80, p=0.015), while abnormal cranial ultrasound was 0.58 (95% CI 0.41 to 0.75, p=0.342).ConclusionMultichannel EEG is a strong predictor of 2-year outcome in preterm infants particularly when recorded around 35 weeks’ PMA. Infants at high risk of brain injury may benefit from early postnatal EEG recording which, if normal, is reassuring. Postnatal clinical complications can contribute to poor outcome; therefore, we state that a later EEG around 35 weeks has a role to play in prognostication.
Computer-aided detection and abnormality score for the outer retinal layer in optical coherence tomography
Authors: Rim Tyler Hyungtaek , Lee Aaron Yuntai , Ting Daniel S , Teo Kelvin Yi Chong , Yang Hee Seung , KIM Hyeonmin , Lee Geunyoung , Teo Zhen Ling , Teo Wei Jun Alvin , Takahashi Kengo , Yoo Tea Keun , Kim Sung Eun , Yanagi Yasuo , Cheng Ching-Yu , Kim Sung Soo , Wong Tien Yin , Cheung Chui Ming Gemmy 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundTo develop computer-aided detection (CADe) of ORL abnormalities in the retinal pigmented epithelium, interdigitation zone and ellipsoid zone via optical coherence tomography (OCT).MethodsIn this retrospective study, healthy participants with normal ORL, and patients with abnormality of ORL including choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) or retinitis pigmentosa (RP) were included. First, an automatic segmentation deep learning (DL) algorithm, CADe, was developed for the three outer retinal layers using 120 handcraft masks of ORL. This automatic segmentation algorithm generated 4000 segmentations, which included 2000 images with normal ORL and 2000 (1000 CNV and 1000 RP) images with focal or wide defects in ORL. Second, based on the automatically generated segmentation images, a binary classifier (normal vs abnormal) was developed. Results were evaluated by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsThe DL algorithm achieved an AUC of 0.984 (95% CI 0.976 to 0.993) for individual image evaluation in the internal test set of 797 images. In addition, performance analysis of a publicly available external test set (n=968) had an AUC of 0.957 (95% CI 0.944 to 0.970) and a second clinical external test set (n=1124) had an AUC of 0.978 (95% CI 0.970 to 0.986). Moreover, the CADe highlighted well normal parts of ORL and omitted highlights in abnormal ORLs of CNV and RP.ConclusionThe CADe can use OCT images to segment ORL and differentiate between normal ORL and abnormal ORL. The CADe classifier also performs visualisation and may aid future physician diagnosis and clinical applications.
Experiences of a non-clinical set of adolescents and young adults living with persistent pain: a qualitative metasynthesis
Authors: Fegran Liv , Johannessen Berit , Ludvigsen Mette Spliid , Westergren Thomas , Høie Magnhild , Slettebø Åshild , Rohde Gudrun , Helseth Sølvi , Haraldstad Kristin 
Published: April 2021

PurposeAround 15%–30% of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) experience persistent or chronic pain. The purpose of this study was to synthesise evidence from qualitative primary studies on how AYAs in a non-clinical population experience living with persistent pain.MethodA qualitative metasynthesis guided by Sandelowski and Barroso’s guidelines was used. The databases Medline, Embase, Cinahl, PsycINFO, Mednar and ProQuest were searched for studies from 1 January 2005 to 15 February 2021. Inclusion criteria were AYAs aged 13–24 years with first-hand experience of living with persistent, recurrent or episodic non-clinical pain in any body site. Pain associated with a medical diagnosis, malignant diseases, medical procedures or sport activities was excluded.ResultsOf 2618 screened records, data from nine studies conducted in a Western cultural context including 184 participants (127 female and 57 male aged 11–28 years) were analysed into metasummaries and a metasynthesis. Headaches was the most focused pain condition (n=5), while three of the studies did not specify type of pain. The participants’ experiences were characterised by (1) juggling pain with everyday life; (2) exploring sources of information to manage pain; (3) AYAs’ use of medication to find relief and (4) non-pharmacological strategies for pain relief.ConclusionThese AYAs experience of how pain influences everyday life, and their striving to find relief from pain by support from family, friends, professionals and the Internet should be strongly respected. Public health nurses and other healthcare professionals encountering AYAs need to respect their pain experiences, and to support them in healthy coping strategies. Further studies on this issue are needed, especially research focusing on AYAs pain in exposed populations and AYAs from non-Western cultures.
Interprofessional teamwork for managing medical deterioration in pregnancy: what contributes to good clinical performance in simulated practice?
Authors: Lavelle Mary , Reedy Gabriel B , Simpson Thomas , Banerjee Anita , Anderson Janet E 
Published: April 2021

ObjectivesTo identify the patterns of teamwork displayed by interprofessional teams during simulated management of medical deterioration in pregnancy and examine whether and how they are related to clinical performance in simulated practice.DesignExploratory observational cohort study.SettingInterprofessional clinical simulation training with scenarios involving the management of medical deterioration in pregnant women.ParticipantsSeventeen simulated scenarios involving 62 qualified healthcare staff working within the National Health Service attending clinical simulation training (midwives (n=18), obstetricians (n=24) and medical physicians (n=20)).Main outcome measure(s)Teamwork behaviours over time, obtained through detailed observational analysis of recorded scenarios, using the Temporal Observational Analysis of Teamwork (TOAsT) framework. Clinician rated measures of simulated clinical performance.ResultsScenarios with better simulated clinical performance were characterised by shared leadership between obstetricians and midwives at the start of the scenario, with obstetricians delegating less and midwives disseminating rationale, while both engaged in more information gathering behaviour. Towards the end of the scenario, better simulated clinical performance was associated with dissemination of rationale to the team. More delegation at the start of a scenario was associated with less spontaneous sharing of information and rationale later in the scenario. Teams that shared their thinking at the start of a scenario continued to do so over time.ConclusionsTeamwork during the opening moments of a clinical situation is critical for simulated clinical performance in the interprofessional management of medical deterioration in pregnancy. Shared leadership and the early development of the shared mental model are associated with better outcomes.
Hydroxychloroquine availability during COVID-19 crisis and its effect on patient anxiety
Authors: Cornet Alain , Andersen Jeanette , Tani Chiara , Mosca Marta 
Published: April 2021

ObjectiveTo report the results of a survey exploring the experience of patients with SLE facing hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) shortage that occurred during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA survey was designed by Lupus Europe’s patient advisory network and distributed through its social media, newsflash and members' network. People with lupus were asked about their last HCQ purchases and their level of anxiety (on a 0–10 scale) with regard to not being able to have access to HCQ, once in April 2020 (first wave) and after 11 August (second wave). The results were compared.Results2075 patients responded during the first wave; 1001 (48.2%) could get HCQ from the first place they asked, 230 (11.1%) could get the drug by going to more than one pharmacy, 498 (24.0%) obtained HCQ later from their usual pharmacy and 126 (6.1%) from other sources. 188 (9.1%) could not get any; 32 (1.5%) did not respond to this question. All countries showed significant improvement in HCQ availability during the second wave. 562 (27.4%) patients reported an extremely high level of anxiety in wave 1 and 162 (10.3%) patients in wave 2; 589 (28.7%) and 268 (17.1%) patients reported a high level of anxiety in wave 1 and wave 2, respectively.ConclusionsThe HCQ shortage had a significant impact on patients with SLE and has been responsible for psychological consequences including anxiety. Indeed, despite an objective improvement in drug availability, the event is leaving significant traces in patients’ mind and behaviours.
Evaluation of a blended care programme for caregivers and working pregnant women to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes: an intervention study
Authors: van Beukering Monique , Velu Adeline , Schonewille Lydia Henrike Nicole , Duijnhoven Ruben , Mol Ben Willem , Brand Teus , Frings-Dresen Monique , Kok Marjolein 
Published: April 2021

ObjectiveWork-related activities can be a risk factor for pregnancy complications such as preterm birth. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a blended care programme, Pregnancy and Work, that provides pregnant workers and their obstetrical caregivers with advice on work adjustment.MethodsWomen less than 20 weeks of gestation, in paid employment or self-employed, in the care of four participating hospitals and their referring midwifery practices in the Netherlands received either the blended care programme (n=119), consisting of a training for professionals and a mobile health application, or care as usual (n=122) in a controlled intervention study with a follow-up in intervention and control populations. All participants completed three questionnaires concerning health and working conditions at 16, 24 and 32 weeks of pregnancy. Primary outcome was the percentage of women who received advice from their obstetrical caregiver about work adjustment. Secondary outcomes were work status, realised work adjustment and working conditions. Groups were compared using univariate and multivariate regression analyses.ResultsA total of 188 (78%) completed all three questionnaires. In the blended care group, women received more advice from obstetrical caregivers to adjust their work than in the control group, 41 (39%) vs 21 (18%) (adjusted relative risk (aRR) 2.2, 95% CI 1.4 to 3.4), but less from their employer 8 (8%) vs 31 (28%) (aRR 0.29, 95% CI 0.14 to 0.61). There were no significant differences in realised work adjustments. At 24 weeks, 30% of the pregnant women in both groups continued to work in hazardous workplaces.ConclusionAmong working pregnant women, the blended care intervention increases advice on work adjustment given by midwives and obstetricians, but does not lead to more work adjustments.
The effects of alcohol consumption and its associations with disease activity among 979 patients with inflammatory arthritis
Authors: Turk Matthew , Murray Kieran , Alammari Yousef , Gorman Aine , Young Francis , Gallagher Phil , Saber Tajvur , Freeman Lorna , Maguire Sinead , O’Shea Finbar , Fearon Ursula , Veale Douglas 
Published: April 2021

ObjectiveThe role of alcohol in inflammatory disease remains debated. This study explores the relationship between alcohol and disease activity in patients with inflammatory arthritis.MethodsPatients attending a rheumatology clinic between 2010 and 2020 were prospectively followed. Information on demographics, alcohol use, smoking habits and disease outcome measures were collected from these patients. Statistical analysis included univariate and multivariate linear and binary logistic regressions, Mann-Whitney U tests and one-way analysis of variance with Tukey’s honest significant difference (HSD) test.ResultsOf the 979 analysed patients, 62% had rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 26.7% had psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and 11.2% had ankylosing spondylitis. Mean DAS28-CRP (Disease Activity Score 28 - C-reactive protein) in RA and PsA at 1 year was 2.96±1.39, and 64.2% of patients were in remission (DAS28-CRP ≤2.6 or BASDAI (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index) ≤4). Both male gender and risky drinking (>15 units of weekly alcohol) were significantly associated with remission. Compared with women, men had an OR of 1.8 (1.1, 2.5) (p=0.034) for any alcohol consumption and 6.9 (4.7, 9.1) (p=0.001) for drinking at least 15 weekly drinks. When adjusted for gender, there was no association between alcohol and disease activity. Yet, when adjusted for alcohol consumption, gender still significantly influenced disease activity.ConclusionWhile it may appear that alcohol is linked to remission in inflammatory arthritis, when adjusted for gender, it is not. Men with inflammatory arthritis drink significantly more than women and have less severe disease activity.