bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regional rural and structural transformations and farmer's income in the past four decades in China
Authors: Huang Jikun , Shi Pengfei 
Published: January 2021

PurposeThe purposes of this paper are to analyze the path and speed of rural transformation (RT) and explore the relationship between farmer's income and RT as well as structural transformation (ST) and typology of RT in the past four decades in China.Design/methodology/approachBased on the major indicators of RT and ST, graphic illustration is used to analyze the relationships between these indicators and farmer's income using the time-series and cross-provincial data in 1978–2017.FindingsWhile China has experienced significant RT and ST, the levels and speeds of these transformations differed largely among provinces. Higher and faster RT and ST are often positively associated with the higher and faster growth of rural income. Based on this study, a general typology of rural and structural transformations and rural income is developed. The likely impacts of institutions, policies and investments (IPIs) on RT are discussed.Originality/valueThe authors believe that the findings of this study provide the insights on regional RT and ST and policy implications to increase farmer's income through facilitating and speeding up RT and ST with appropriate IPIs during the rural transformation.
Should healthcare organisations offer ongoing rehabilitation services for patients undergoing haematopoietic cell transplant? A narrative review
Authors: Mohammed Jaleel , Kabir Russell , Bakhsh Hadeel R. , Greenfield Diana , Georgievna Volkova Alisa , Bulińska Aleksandra , Rai Jayanti , Gonzales Anne , Hashmi Shahrukh K. 
Published: January 2021

PurposeHematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) patients can suffer from long-term transplant-related complications that affect their quality of life and daily activities. This study, a narrative review, aims to report the impact of HCT complications, the benefits of rehabilitation intervention, the need for long-term care and highlights the research gap in clinical trials involving rehabilitation.Design/methodology/approachA comprehensive search strategy was performed on several databases to look for relevant articles published from 1998 to 2018. Articles published in English with the following terms were used: hematopoietic stem cell transplant, chronic graft-versus-host disease, rehabilitation, exercise, physical therapy, occupational therapy. A patient/population, intervention, comparison, and outcomes (PICO) framework was employed to ensure that the search strategies were structured and precise. Study year, design, outcome, intervention, sample demographics, setting and study results were extracted.FindingsOf the 1,411 records identified, 51 studies underwent title/abstract screening for appropriateness, 30 were reviewed in full, and 19 studies were included in the review. The review found that, for the majority of patients who underwent HSCT and developed treatment-related complications, rehabilitation exercises had a positive impact on their overall quality of life. However, exercise prescription in this patient group has not always reflected the scientific approach; there is a lack of high-quality clinical trials in general. The review also highlights the need to educate healthcare policymakers and insurance companies responsible for rationing services to recognise the importance of offering long-term follow-up care for this patient group, including rehabilitation services.Practical implicationsA large number of HSCT patients require long-term follow-up from a multidisciplinary team, including rehabilitation specialists. It is important for healthcare policymakers and insurance companies to recognise this need and take the necessary steps to ensure that HSCT patients receive adequate long-term care. This paper also highlights the urgent need for high-quality rehabilitation trials to demonstrate the feasibility and importance of rehabilitation teams.Originality/valueHealthcare policymakers and insurance companies need to recognise that transplant patients need ongoing physiotherapy for early identification of any functional impairments and appropriate timely intervention.
Verification of pattern unlock and gait behavioural authentication through a machine learning approach
Authors: Chaitanya Gogineni Krishna , Raja Sekhar Krovi 
Published: January 2021

PurposeThe existing authentication procedures (pin, pattern, password) are not very secure. Therefore, the Gait pattern authentication scheme is introduced to verify the own user. The current research proposes a running Gaussian grey wolf boosting (RGGWB) model to recognize the owner.Design/methodology/approachThe biometrics system plays an important role in smartphones in securing confidential data stored in them. Moreover, the authentication schemes such as passwords and patterns are widely used in smartphones.FindingsTo validate this research model, the unauthenticated user's Gait was trained and tested simultaneously with owner gaits. Furthermore, if the gait matches, the smartphone unlocks automatically; otherwise, it rejects it.Originality/valueFinally, the effectiveness of the proposed model is proved by attaining better accuracy and less error rate.
Management control systems and performance in strategic supply relationships
Authors: Beuren Ilse Maria , Dal Vesco Delci Grapégia 
Published: January 2021

PurposeThis study analyzes the relationship between two elements of the management control systems (MCSs) (performance measurement systems (PMSs) and socialization processes) and four dimensions of the theory of cooperation (information sharing, problem-solving, adaptability to changes and restraint from the use of power) and how this translates into performance in contracts of strategic supply relationships (SSRs).Design/methodology/approachA survey was carried out to investigate the theoretical model of Mahama (2006) in the empirical field. The population investigated is composed of service stations dealers affiliated with a union of southern Brazil, and the sample consists of 75 questionnaires.FindingsThe structural equation show that the two elements of the management control systems (PMS and socialization processes) do not influence performance when their direct effects are evaluated. However, when evaluated together with the cooperation, the results indicate that information sharing and problem-solving reflect into improved performance in contracts of SSRs.Research limitations/implicationsThe results are partially similar to Mahama's study (2006). In this study, direct association between socialization processes and cooperation dimensions, related to adaptability to changes and restraints from the use of power, was not identified. Furthermore, the use of PMSs is not associated with the improvement of performance in SSRs.Originality/valueThe distinction of this and Mahama's (2006) study focuses on the types of contracts, to identify whether the dimensions of cooperation imply in the contractual relationship.
Disclosure Prominence and the Quality of Non‐GAAP Earnings
Authors: CHEN JASON V. , GEE KURT H. , NEILSON JED J. 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTThe SEC prohibits the presentation of non‐GAAP measures before corresponding GAAP measures; however, a large proportion of non‐GAAP reporters present non‐GAAP EPS before GAAP EPS in their earnings announcements. This noncompliance raises questions about whether firms use prominence to highlight higher or lower quality non‐GAAP information. For firms reporting non‐GAAP EPS between 2003 and 2016, prominent non‐GAAP EPS is associated with higher quality non‐GAAP reporting. Further tests reveal that nonregulatory incentives, rather than regulatory costs, explain this relation. Specifically, prominence is associated with higher quality non‐GAAP reporting in settings where prominence is not regulated, investors ignore prominence when non‐GAAP reporting quality is lower, and the minority of firms using prominence to mislead exhibit characteristics associated with weaker investor monitoring. Overall, we provide evidence that regulatory noncompliance can reflect an intent to inform, and that most firms use prominence to highlight higher quality non‐GAAP information despite prohibitive regulation.
Factors associated with hepcidin‐25 levels in maintenance hemodialysis patients
Authors: Savković Miljan , Simić‐Ogrizović Sanja , Dopsaj Violeta 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the factors that are independently associated with hepcidin‐25 and its relationship with doses of erythropoiesis‐stimulating agents (ESAs) and intravenous iron in stable maintenance hemodialysis patients (smHD) stratified by ESAs administration. In 103 adult smHD (ESAs therapy (N = 64) and ESAs‐free (N = 39)), median values of biologically active hepcidin‐25 (chemiluminescent direct ELISA assay) and ferritin levels were significantly higher whereas red blood cell count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit values were lower in ESAs therapy compared to ESAs‐free group (P < .001, for all). Our results suggest that ESAs‐independent smHD exhibit supposedly normal hepcidin‐25 levels and preserved iron homeostasis, with a lower degree of anemia. The results of our multivariable model indicate that hepcidin‐25 levels are independently and positively associated with iron stores and inflammation, and inversely with active erythropoiesis, regardless of ESAs administration. Maintenance ESAs and the intravenous iron dose were not related to hepcidin‐25 levels.
Phosphobacteria as key actors to overcome phosphorus deficiency in plants
Authors: Castagno Luis N. , Sannazzaro Analía I. , Gonzalez María E. , Pieckenstain Fernando L. , Estrella María J. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPhosphorus (P), an essential macronutrient for all living organisms, is required in large amounts for the growth and development of plants. Although total soil P level is high, P bioavailability to plants is suboptimal in most soils because of high fixation rates into inorganic and organic insoluble complexes. Hence, plants are highly dependent on mechanisms that allow them to adapt to low‐phosphate stress and/or achieve suitable levels of soluble P on the root surface. In this regard, the rhizospheric microbiota plays a key role in facilitating P nutrition and has long been recognised for their potential use as an environmental‐friendly alternative to chemical P fertilisation. Herein, we outline the advances in the identification of phosphate solubilising bacteria and phosphate mineralising bacteria, collectively known as phosphobacteria, and their role in rendering P accessible to plants. We review and discuss research progress related to the introduction of phosphobacteria and/or P‐mineralising enzymes into soil, as well as plant transformation with bacterial genes that encode such enzymes, as strategies to improve plant growth and P nutrition. We also provide an overview of studies about the impact of variations in soil P levels on the structure of soil and rhizospheric microbial communities and the potential consequences of such perturbations on plant growth. Finally, we discuss possible directions for future research to optimise the efficiency of biofertilisation strategies based on the use of phosphobacteria.
The prescription of best medical therapy following infrainguinal bypass grafting in Australia and New Zealand: a multicentre Australasian audit
Authors: Farah Sam , Kwok Ricky , Dean Anastasia , Sivakumaran Yogeesan , Khoo Samantha , Joret Maximilian , Jansen Shirley , Aitken Sarah ,   The Australian and New Zealand Vascular Trials Network
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe benefits of best medical therapy (BMT) for secondary prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with peripheral arterial disease are well established. Guidelines recommend prescription of BMT should consist of anti‐platelet, statins and angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocking therapy, with evidence this regimen reduces cardiovascular mortality following vascular surgery and improves vascular bypass graft patency. This multicentre study examines the BMT prescription on discharge after infrainguinal bypass (IIB) in Australia and New Zealand (ANZ). Primary outcome measure was discharge prescription of three BMT pharmacological agents, defined for study purposes as an anti‐platelet/anti‐coagulant, a lipid‐lowering agent, and an anti‐hypertensive medication if hypertension was diagnosed.MethodsThis study retrospectively examined discharge prescriptions and summaries of all patients discharged following IIB in five ANZ hospitals, between January 2015 and April 2018.ResultsA total of 688 admissions for IIB were included (76.9% male; mean age 67.8 ± 12.0). A total of 72.4% of procedures were for chronic limb ischaemia, compared to acute limb ischaemia (12.6%), and aneurysmal disease (15%). The primary outcome of adherence with complete BMT prescription occurred in 66.9% of admissions. Anti‐thrombotic agents were most frequently prescribed (96.4%), followed by anti‐lipidaemic agents (82.1%). Of the patients with documented hypertension, 43.8% were not prescribed an angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocking, while 19.2% were discharged without any anti‐hypertensive medications.ConclusionAlmost one third of patients were not prescribed complete BMT following IIB. There is potential to improve the outcomes after IIB in ANZ through a focus on risk‐factor control and BMT prescription.
Clinical predictors of response to chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer as an aid to organ preservation
Authors: Fischer Jesse , Eglinton Tim W. , Frizelle Frank A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimClinical predictors of pathological response to chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer can influence patient management including selection for organ preservation. This study aimed to identify clinical predictors at a tertiary referral hospital.MethodsA retrospective review of clinical records was undertaken after identifying all patients with stage 1–3 rectal cancer treated with long course chemoradiotherapy and total mesorectal excision from 2013 to 2018. Clinicopathological factors were recorded and multivariate analysis performed to identify predictors of pathological complete response (pCR) and good response (AJCC TRG 0–1).ResultsA total of 470 patients with rectal cancer were identified of which 164 met the inclusion criteria for the study. The pCR rate was 14.6% and good response (TRG 0–1) rate 43.7%. On univariate analysis, lower T stage, older age, node negative status, anterior tumour position and shorter tumour length on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were associated with good response (TRG 0–1). On univariate analysis cN stage, carcinoembryonic antigen <5 and shorter tumour length on MRI were associated with pCR.On binary logistic regression shorter length on MRI and lower clinical nodal stage were predictive of pCR and lower body mass index, anterior tumour position and higher haemoglobin were predictive of good response (TRG 0–1).ConclusionAnterior tumour position is newly identified as an independent predictor of good response (TRG 0–1) to nCRT for rectal cancer and this should be explored in future studies. Higher haemoglobin and lower body mass index were also independent predictors of good response (TRG 0–1) and optimisation of these factors should be considered when using neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer.
Newborn infants who received skin‐to‐skin contact with fathers after Caesarean sections showed stable physiological patterns
Authors: Ayala Ana , Christensson Kyllike , Christensson Eva , Cavada Gabriel , Erlandsson Kerstin , Velandia Marianne 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimSeparating infants and their parents after a Caesarean section is still the routine care worldwide. This study investigated three caregiving models on the wakefulness and physiological parameters of full‐term infants after an elective Caesarean section.MethodsNewborn infants born in a Chilean public hospital in 2009‐12 were randomised to three groups: cot, fathers' arms or skin‐to‐skin contact with their father. They were assessed at 15‐minute intervals, from 45 to 120 minutes after the Caesarean section. Their physiological parameters were measured, and their wakefulness was assessed using the Neonatal Behavioural Assessment Scale.ResultsWe studied 95 infant (53% girls) born at a mean gestational age of 38.9 ± 0.9 weeks. Heart rates were significantly higher in the skin‐to‐skin than cot or fathers' arms groups and showed greater stability over time. Wakefulness was initially higher in the skin‐to‐skin group, but there were no significant differences by the end of the observation. There were no differences between the groups in peripheral oxygen saturation. Skin‐to‐skin contact had no negative impact on the infants.ConclusionThe skin‐to‐skin group showed some advantages over the cot and fathers' arms groups when it came to establishing stable physiological parameters and wakefulness. This approach should be supported during mother‐infant separation.
Comprehensive evaluation of microneedle‐based intradermal adalimumab delivery vs. subcutaneous administration: results of a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Jacobse Justin , ten Voorde Wouter , Tandon Anushka , Romeijn Stefan G. , Grievink Hendrika W. , van der Maaden Koen , van Esdonk Michiel J. , Moes Dirk Jan A.R. , Loeff Floris , Bloem Karien , de Vries Annick , Rispens Theo , Wolbink Gertjan , de Kam Marieke , Ziagkos Dimitrios , Moerland Matthijs , Jiskoot Wim , Bouwstra Joke , Burggraaf Jacobus , Schrier Lenneke , Rissmann Robert , ten Cate Rebecca 
Published: January 2021

AimsTo evaluate feasibility of intradermal (i.d.) adalimumab administration using hollow microneedles, and to compare a single i.d. dose of adalimumab using a hollow microneedle with a single subcutaneous (s.c.) dose using a conventional needle.MethodsIn this single‐centre double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, double‐dummy clinical trial in 24 healthy adults we compared 40 mg adalimumab (0.4 mL) administered i.d. using a hollow microneedle with a s.c. dose using a conventional needle. Primary parameters were pain, acceptability and local tolerability; secondary parameters safety, pharmacokinetics and immunogenicity. We explored usability of optical coherence tomography, clinical photography, thermal imaging, and laser speckle contrast imaging to evaluate skin reaction after i.d. injections. In vitro protein analysis was performed to assess compatibility of adalimumab with the hollow microneedle device.ResultsWhile feasible and safe, injection pain of i.d. adalimumab was higher compared to s.c. adalimumab (35.4 vs. 7.9 on a 100‐point visual analogue scale). Initial absorption rate and relative bioavailability were higher after i.d. adalimumab (time to maximum plasma concentration = 95 h [47–120]; Frel = 129% [6.46%]) compared to s.c. adalimumab (time to maximum plasma concentration = 120 h [96–221]). Anti‐adalimumab antibodies were detected in 50% and 83% of the subjects after i.d. and s.c. adalimumab, respectively. We observed statistically significantly more erythema and skin perfusion after i.d. adalimumab, compared to s.c. adalimumab and placebo injections (P < .0001). Cytokine secretion after whole blood lipopolysaccharide challenge was comparable between administration routes.ConclusionsIntradermal injection of adalimumab using hollowing microneedles was perceived as more painful and less accepted than s.c. administration, but yields a higher relative bioavailability with similar safety and pharmacodynamic effects.
The State of the Art of Spatial Interfaces for 3D Visualization
Authors: Besançon Lonni , Ynnerman Anders , Keefe Daniel F. , Yu Lingyun , Isenberg Tobias 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe survey the state of the art of spatial interfaces for 3D visualization. Interaction techniques are crucial to data visualization processes and the visualization research community has been calling for more research on interaction for years. Yet, research papers focusing on interaction techniques, in particular for 3D visualization purposes, are not always published in visualization venues, sometimes making it challenging to synthesize the latest interaction and visualization results. We therefore introduce a taxonomy of interaction technique for 3D visualization. The taxonomy is organized along two axes: the primary source of input on the one hand and the visualization task they support on the other hand. Surveying the state of the art allows us to highlight specific challenges and missed opportunities for research in 3D visualization. In particular, we call for additional research in: (1) controlling 3D visualization widgets to help scientists better understand their data, (2) 3D interaction techniques for dissemination, which are under‐explored yet show great promise for helping museum and science centers in their mission to share recent knowledge, and (3) developing new measures that move beyond traditional time and errors metrics for evaluating visualizations that include spatial interaction.
Embedded in relations—Interactions as a source of agency and life opportunities for care‐experienced young adults
Authors: Gundersen Tonje 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis paper explores how young people who have been in out‐of‐home care develop a positive agentic capacity. The analyses are based on longitudinal biographical interviews with 24 care experienced young people (age 16–32 years) living in Norway. At the time of the interviews, they were in the education system or working and described themselves as ‘doing well’. Through the application of a relational understanding of agency, this paper provides in‐depth insights into how relations shape the biography, identity and decisions of young people with care backgrounds, scaffold positive possibilities and enhance their life opportunities.
Two worlds of female labour: gender wage inequality in western Europe, 1300–1800†
Authors: de Pleijt Alexandra , van Zanden Jan Luiten 
Published: January 2021

AbstractLabour market engagement by women is an important determinant of female autonomy that may also affect their demographic behaviour. In order to bring about the conditions for the female autonomy that characterized the European marriage pattern (in which women had a say in the decision about when and whom they marry), women needed to earn a decent wage. This is clearly affected by the gender wage ratio and the possibility of women earning their own living and having the option of remaining single. So far no attempt has been made to compare the wages of women across Europe over the long run. In this article we provide evidence on the wages of unskilled women for seven European countries (represented by cities or regions within these countries) between 1300 and 1800. Our evidence shows that there were two worlds of female labour. In the south of Europe women earned about 50 per cent of the wage of unskilled male labourers, a ratio that seems to have been fixed by custom. In the northern and western parts of Europe this ratio was much higher during late medieval period, but it showed a declining trend between about 1500 and 1800, a change that was caused by market forces.