bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimized data center site selection—mesoclimatic effects on data center energy consumption and costs
Authors: Turek Dirk , Radgen Peter 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe effect of the location on the energy consumption of data centers has already been studied in detail on the macro-climatic level. To take advantage of these effects, however, it is usually necessary for the location of data centers to cross international borders. The influence of site changes within national borders and in a small radius of < 100 km has not yet been quantified. To investigate this, a dynamic mathematical model of the temperature-dependent components of a reference data center was created and the influence on the energy consumption in an area of 240 × 215 km in Germany was investigated. It could be shown that even small changes of the location within a 10 km radius of a location lead to annual energy savings in the recirculating chiller of 9.12% on average (maximum 56.58%). With a freedom of location of 100 km within national borders, savings of 37.35% on average (maximum 76.11%) are even possible. Location-dependent optimizations are therefore also relevant at local and national level with regard to their influence on energy consumption, and the consideration of mesoclimatic aspects should be an elementary part of the site selection process for data centers in the future.
NMR resonance assignments for a docking domain pair with an attached thiolation domain from the PAX peptide-producing NRPS from Xenorhabdus cabanillasii
Authors: Watzel Jonas , Sarawi Sepas , Duchardt-Ferner Elke , Bode Helge B. , Wöhnert Jens 
Published: March 2021

AbstractNon-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) are large multienzyme machineries. They synthesize numerous important natural products starting from amino acids. For peptide synthesis functionally specialized NRPS modules interact in a defined manner. Individual modules are either located on a single or on multiple different polypeptide chains. The “peptide-antimicrobial-Xenorhabdus” (PAX) peptide producing NRPS PaxS from Xenorhabdus bacteria consists of the three proteins PaxA, PaxB and PaxC. Different docking domains (DDs) located at the N-termini of PaxB and PaxC and at the C-termini of PaxA and BaxB mediate specific non-covalent interactions between them. The N-terminal docking domains precede condensation domains while the C-terminal docking domains follow thiolation domains. The binding specificity of individual DDs is important for the correct assembly of multi-protein NRPS systems. In many multi-protein NRPS systems the docking domains are sufficient to mediate the necessary interactions between individual protein chains. However, it remains unclear if this is a general feature for all types of structurally different docking domains or if the neighboring domains in some cases support the function of the docking domains. Here, we report the 1H, 13C and 15 N NMR resonance assignments for a C-terminal di-domain construct containing a thiolation (T) domain followed by a C-terminal docking domain (CDD) from PaxA and for its binding partner – the N-terminal docking domain (NDD) from PaxB from the Gram-negative entomopathogenic bacterium Xenorhabdus cabanillasii JM26 in their free states and for a 1:1 complex formed by the two proteins. These NMR resonance assignments will facilitate further structural and dynamic studies of this protein complex.
Intensification, regulation and diversification: The changing face of inland aquaculture in China
Authors: Newton Richard , Zhang Wenbo , Xian Zhaoxing , McAdam Bruce , Little David C. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTrends in aquatic food consumption were matched against farm production surveys within Hubei province and compared to official production data and statistics. Surveys showed that consumer tastes were changing to a much broader aquatic food menu as their spending power increased. Traditional aquaculture species were becoming less profitable due to reduced profit margins as input costs increased and consumption preferences changed. Consequently, many producers were diversifying their production to meet local demand. Some farmers were also de-intensifying by reducing commercial aquafeed inputs and reverting to more traditional methods of dyke-crop culture to optimise trade-offs between input costs and labour, and manage their risk more effectively. In addition, analysis of local data showed that wholesale changes were occurring to aquaculture production as environmental protection legislation took effect which reduced the growing area for carps considerably.
Katian (Late Ordovician) conodonts on the northwestern margin of the North China Craton
Authors: Yang Zhihua , Jing Xiuchun , Zhou Hongrui , Wang Xunlian , Ren Hui , Shen Yang , Fan Ru 
Published: March 2021

AbstractUpper Ordovician strata exposed from the Baiyanhuashan section is the most representative Late Ordovician unit in the northwestern margin of the North China Craton (NCC). In total, 1,215 conodont specimens were obtained from 24 samples through the Wulanhudong and Baiyanhuashan formations at the Baiyanhuashan section. Thirty-six species belonging to 17 genera, includingTasmanognathus coronatusnew species, are present. Based on this material, three conodont biozones—theBelodina confluensBiozone, theYaoxianognathus neimengguensisBiozone, and theYaoxianognathus yaoxianensisBiozone—have been documented, suggesting that the Baiyanhuashan conodont fauna has a stratigraphic range spanning the early to middle Katian. The Baiyanhuashan conodont fauna includes species both endemic to North China and widespread in tropical zones, allowing a reassessment of the previous correlations of the Katian conodont zonal successions proposed for North China with those established for shallow-water carbonate platforms at low latitudes.UUID:http://zoobank.org/7cedbd4a-4f7a-4be6-912f-a27fd041b586
Mothers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding probiotic use during pregnancy and for their infants in Turkey
Authors: Cevik Guner Umran , Kissal Aygül 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjective:The current study was conducted to determine mothers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding probiotic use during pregnancy and for infants between 6 months and 2 years old.Design:The study had a cross-sectional design, and the data were collected using a Socio-demographic Information Form and a Probiotic Information and Attitude Form. The data were evaluated using frequency, percentage and χ2 tests.Setting:Two hospitals of one province in the central Black Sea Region, Turkey.Participants:519 mothers with infants between 6 months and 2 years old who had been hospitalised in paediatric clinics participated in the study.Results:20·2 % of the mothers knew what a probiotic was, 33·1 % of them had knowledge of specific probiotic products and 49·7 % of them knew that breast milk contains probiotics. A statistically significant difference was found between mothers’ knowledge of probiotics and probiotic products, and their ages, education, employment, income, family structure and whether they were actively breast-feeding (P < 0·05). A statistically significant difference was found between the mothers’ knowledge that breast milk contains probiotics and their ages, education, employment, income, family structure, age of children and actively breast-feeding (P < 0·05).Conclusion:The study found that the mothers’ knowledge and practices regarding probiotics were inadequate, and that they traditionally used natural products in their daily lives. Evidence-based educational activities should be designed which include information about the definition of probiotics, and their benefits and disadvantages for mothers. Further studies are needed to determine the knowledge and attitudes of health professionals regarding the use of probiotics by mothers with infants and pregnant women.
Food insecurity and housing affordability among low-income families: does housing assistance reduce food insecurity?
Authors: Seo Bo Kyong , Park Gum-Ryeong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjective:Given the competing needs for food and housing under the limited household income among poor families, there is lack of research on the associations between housing affordability and food insecurity. The current study examines how housing cost burden affects food insecurity of low-income families and whether decreased housing cost enhances food security.Design:Longitudinal data from the Korean Welfare Panel Study, of which the final sample for the analysis consisted of 31 304 household-level observations from 5466 households based on twelve waves (2007–2018).Setting:South Korea.Participants:Low-income households in the lowest 40 % of household income distribution.Results:19·3 % had food insecurity, and housing cost burden was associated with food insecurity. While in-kind housing assistance and in-cash assistance from all sources were likely to reduce food insecurity partially through influencing housing cost burden, in-cash housing assistance was associated with higher likelihood of food insecurity.Conclusions:Housing cost burden potentially limits food access among poor families, and housing assistance, particularly public housing and sufficient in-cash assistance, is conducive to alleviating food insecurity.
Cranial morphology of the middle Permian pareiasaurNochelesaurus alexanderifrom the Karoo Basin of South Africa
Authors: VAN DEN BRANDT Marc J. , RUBIDGE Bruce S. , BENOIT Julien , ABDALA Fernando 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTPareiasaurs were globally distributed, abundant, herbivorous parareptiles with the basal-most members found only in the mid-Permian of South Africa. These basal forms form a monophyletic group and were locally abundant and became extinct at the top of theTapinocephalusAssemblage Zone at the end of the Guadalupian. Four species of basal pareiasaurs are currently recognised:Bradysaurus baini, B. seeleyi,Embrithosaurus schwarziandNochelesaurus alexanderi, but they are all poorly understood and there remains historic uncertainty as to their validity. In this paper, our second contribution designed to improve understanding of the basal group, we present the first detailed cranial description and updated diagnosis forNochelesaurus alexanderiand demonstrate that it is a distinct taxon based on one cranial autapomorphy, a large transversely wide postparietal, and a combination of cranial characters. Within the local group of mid-Permian pareiasaurs, we recognise new dental features ofNochelesaurus alexanderi: non-symmetrical marginal cusp arrangements on upper and lower teeth resulting from an extra basal mesial cusp; an incipient horizontal cingulum on lower jaw teeth, sometimes with one or two tiny medial cingular cusps; and up to ten marginal cusps. Our study demonstrates that tooth morphology and orientation, cranial ornamentation, morphology of the cheek bosses, shape of the postfrontal and postparietal, and morphology of the distal paroccipital process of the opisthotic are the most useful to identify South African mid-Permian pareiasaurs.
Traffic networks are vulnerable to disinformation attacks
Authors: Waniek Marcin , Raman Gururaghav , AlShebli Bedoor , Peng Jimmy Chih-Hsien , Rahwan Talal 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDisinformation continues to raise concerns due to its increasing threat to society. Nevertheless, a threat of a disinformation-based attack on critical infrastructure is often overlooked. Here, we consider urban traffic networks and focus on fake information that manipulates drivers’ decisions to create congestion at a city scale. Specifically, we consider two complementary scenarios, one where drivers are persuaded to move towards a given location, and another where they are persuaded to move away from it. We study the optimization problem faced by the adversary when choosing which streets to target to maximize disruption. We prove that finding an optimal solution is computationally intractable, implying that the adversary has no choice but to settle for suboptimal heuristics. We analyze one such heuristic, and compare the cases when targets are spread across the city of Chicago vs. concentrated in its business district. Surprisingly, the latter results in more far-reaching disruption, with its impact felt as far as 2 km from the closest target. Our findings demonstrate that vulnerabilities in critical infrastructure may arise not only from hardware and software, but also from behavioral manipulation.
Low nitrogen retention in a Japanese cedar plantation in a suburban area, western Japan
Authors: Yang Ru , Chiwa Masaaki 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate nitrogen (N) leaching from Japanese cedar, the main plantation species in Japan, in response to elevated atmospheric N deposition. N leaching and possible factors, including soil nitrification, tree N uptake, and topographic steepness, were evaluated in mature (64–69 year) Japanese cedar trees planted on steep slopes (25°–40°) and neighboring Japanese oak plantations in suburban forests, which served as reference sites. N fertilization (50 kg N ha−1 year−1 as ammonium nitrate) was conducted to evaluate the response of N leaching to an elevated inorganic N pool in the surface soil. The soil water nitrate (NO3−) concentration below the rooting zone in the Japanese cedar forest (607 ± 59 μmol L−1) was much higher than that in the Japanese oak plantations (8.7 ± 8.1 μmol L−1) and increased immediately after fertilization, indicating high N leaching from the Japanese cedar plantations. The relatively low N uptake by Japanese cedar planted on the steep slopes could be an important contributor to the high N leaching. This study highlights the importance of vegetation composition for managing the water quality in headwater streams from forest ecosystems disturbed by atmospheric N deposition.
Le confinement ou la prescription du symptôme phobique
Authors: Lacour Gonay Catherine 
Published: March 2021

Le confinement a conduit à prescrire des conditions que l’on retrouve comme symptômes chez les adolescents avec des troubles de phobie scolaire.
Les adolescents se sont retrouvés enfermés, isolés à la maison avec leur famille et une scolarité à distance. Paradoxalement, dans notre expérience, ce sont certains adolescents dits « phobiques scolaires » qui semblent avoir présenté des facteurs de protection vis à vis des troubles psychiques engendrés par ce confinement dans un contexte de pandémie.
L’hospitalisation de jour : un nouvel outil en addictologie
Authors: Wallenhorst Thomas , Cornet Jacques , Liechti Nadia , Massicard Caroline , Euvrard Hélène 
Published: March 2021

La mise en place de l’hôpital de jour a été un pari sur le plan institutionnel car l’équipe a osé commencer à moyens constants : chacun a voulu s’engager pour un pourcentage de son emploi de temps alors qu’il travaillait déjà dans une autre unité. La viabilité économique a été prouvée, ce qui a permis l’embauche de personnels et l’augmentation de l’activité.
Un travail spécialisé en addictologie avait commencé en 2001 par la création d’un Centre de Cure Ambulatoire en Addictologie (CCAA) devenu la Consultation Hospitalière en Addictologie (CHA) par la suite. Outre la nouvelle activité de consultation, les professionnels se sont appuyés sur le sevrage institutionnel (5 lits réservés dans une unité de psychiatrie générale) et une activité de liaison (ELSA).
Les soins associent des prises en charge individuelles et en groupe. Les intervenants sont formés pour chercher les ressources des patients dans le but de les inviter à y prendre appui pour les développer : ils savent travailler, à la fois, avec les résistances et avec l’ambivalence des patients. Le groupe de parole toutes les semaines pendant deux heures est un des piliers des soins. Il sera proposé à chaque participant, à la fois, un apprentissage d’écouter ce qui se passe dans sa vie intérieure, d’écouter les autres participants et de prendre la parole pour parler de son vécu.
L’hospitalisation de jour ne sera pas un outil pour tout patient souffrant d’une problématique addictive. Il s’adresse à des patients plus vulnérables concernant leur problème alcool. Le fait de rencontrer les patients plusieurs fois par semaine permet d’observer leurs états émotionnels et leurs fonctionnements, ce qui permet d’y réagir et d’intervenir.
La paranoïa dans Le Conte d’Hiver de W. Shakespeare
Authors: Brémaud Nicolas 
Published: March 2021

Leontes - le protagoniste principal du Conte d’Hiver de Shakespeare - nous amène à nous questionner sur un certain nombre de points relatifs à la psychose paranoïaque : déclenchement, rapport au savoir et à la vérité, interprétations et certitudes délirantes, stabilisation. La revue sélective de la littérature que nous consacrons au Conte d’hiver met en relief cette dimension interprétative caractéristique de la folie de Leontes. Nous proposerons ainsi d’articuler - avec l’appui de l’enseignement de J. Lacan - vérité et savoir, plus spécialement dans le registre de la paranoïa. Nous nous intéresserons aux interprétations et aux convictions délirantes de Leontes en nous référant notamment aux travaux classiques de Sérieux et Capgras (1909). Enfin, compte tenu de la transformation radicale de Leontes dans l’Acte III, nous devrons également dire quelques mots sur ce que l’on entend sous le terme de « stabilisation ». En effet, jusqu’ici, sa folie furieuse emplie d’interprétations délirantes à thème de jalousie n’avait cessé de croître. Subitement, suite à un événement réel mettant en jeu à la fois la question de la perte et celle de la paternité, les flammes de son délire s’éteignent.
Negative regulation of plastidial isoprenoid pathway by herbivore-induced β-cyclocitral in
Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Mitra Sirsha , Estrada-Tejedor Roger , Volke Daniel C. , Phillips Michael A. , Gershenzon Jonathan , Wright Louwrance P. 
Published: March 2021

Significance
Plants are known to respond to insect herbivory in multiple ways. Under herbivore attack, plants increase their commitment to defense but decrease their commitment to growth and carbon assimilation. Unfortunately, this second aspect is less studied. Here we report the discovery of an herbivore-triggered signal (β-cyclocitral) that enhances plant resistance and down-regulates the methylerythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) pathway of terpenoid biosynthesis. The MEP pathway supplies the precursors for many metabolites important in photosynthesis such as chlorophylls, carotenoids, plastoquinones, phylloquinones, and tocopherols. We also elucidated the mechanism responsible for the reduction of MEP pathway flux under herbivory and found that β-cyclocitral inhibits the activity of the first step of the pathway, which was also shown to control flux under normal growth conditions.
Complexity and graded regulation of neuronal cell-type–specific alternative splicing revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing
Authors: Feng Huijuan , Moakley Daniel F. , Chen Shuonan , McKenzie Melissa G. , Menon Vilas , Zhang Chaolin 
Published: March 2021

Significance
Alternative splicing (AS) is extensively used in the mammalian brain, but its contribution to the molecular and cellular diversity across neuronal cell types remains poorly understood. Through systematic and integrative analysis of over 100 transcriptomically defined cortical neuronal types, we found neuronal subclass-specific splicing-regulatory programs consist of overlapping alternative exons showing differential splicing at multiple hierarchical levels. Evidence is provided that this graded AS regulation is controlled by unique combinations of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). Importantly, these RBPs also contribute to splicing dynamics across neuronal cell types that do not conform to the hierarchical taxonomy established based on transcriptional profiles, suggesting that the graded AS regulation may provide a molecular mechanism orthogonal to transcriptional regulation in specifying neuronal identity and function.
Seipin accumulates and traps diacylglycerols and triglycerides in its ring-like structure
Authors: Zoni Valeria , Khaddaj Rasha , Lukmantara Ivan , Shinoda Wataru , Yang Hongyuan , Schneiter Roger , Vanni Stefano 
Published: March 2021

Significance
Metabolic disorders related to aberrant fat accumulation, including lipodystrophy and obesity, are a serious health concern. Inside cells, fat accumulates in organelles named lipid droplets (LDs). LDs form in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where triglycerides (TG), the most abundant form of fat, are produced. The Berardinelli–Seip congenital lipodystrophy type 2 protein, seipin, has been identified as a key regulator of LD formation, but its mechanism of action remains debated and its molecular details mostly obscure. Here, we use molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the mechanism of seipin action. We find that seipin clusters and traps both TG and its precursor, diacylglycerol. Our results suggest that seipin organizes the lipid composition of specific ER sites to prime them for LD biogenesis.
POLArIS, a versatile probe for molecular orientation, revealed actin filaments associated with microtubule asters in early embryos
Authors: Sugizaki Ayana , Sato Keisuke , Chiba Kazuyoshi , Saito Kenta , Kawagishi Masahiko , Tomabechi Yuri , Mehta Shalin B. , Ishii Hirokazu , Sakai Naoki , Shirouzu Mikako , Tani Tomomi , Terada Sumio 
Published: March 2021

Significance
Monitoring orientation of biological molecules in living cells is a key approach to understanding the mechanisms of emergence/dissolution of molecular architectures. However, it has been challenging due to lack of general methodologies that can be used for living cells. We developed POLArIS, a genetically encoded and versatile probe for molecular orientation imaging. POLArIS is a recombinant binder rigidly connected to a fluorescent protein and can target biomolecules of interest by combining with phage display screening. Live imaging of starfish embryos expressing POLArIS that specifically binds to F-actin revealed that actin filaments radially extend in association with microtubule asters during mitosis. POLArIS can be applied in a variety of living specimens including whole bodies of or specific cell types in animals.
Laser induced fluorescence diagnostic for velocity distribution functions: applications, physics, methods and developments
Authors: YIP Chi-Shung , JIANG Di 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
With more than 30 years of development, laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) is becoming an increasingly common diagnostic to measure ion and neutral velocity distribution functions in different fields of studies in plasma science including Hall thrusters, linear devices, plasma processing, and basic plasma physical processes. In this paper, technical methods used in the LIF diagnostic, including modulation, collection optics, and wavelength calibration techniques are reviewed in detail. A few basic physical processes along with applications and future development associated with the LIF diagnostics are also reviewed.