bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inclusion Strategies: A Trampoline Program For Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Lourenço Carla , Esteves Dulce 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurological disorder that is characterized by deficits in social, communication, and motor function. Trampoline-based interventions reported to promote motor proficiency in children with ASD to foster the development of coordination, balance and muscle strengthen.Methods: This study examined the effects of two trampoline interventions on the motor skill proficiency, muscle strength of the lower limbs, and body mass index (BMI) of 25 children (aged 6.9 ± 2.3 years) with ASD. The 20-weeks intervention participants (n=6) are in the experimental group A, whereas the 32-week intervention participants (n=8) are in experimental group B. The control group consists of 11 participants who did not receive any intervention constituting.The Bruininks–Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-2 (BOT-2), the Standing long jump, and BMI assessment were conducted three times for each participant at baseline (T1), middle time of the intervention (T2), and post-intervention (T3).Results: The findings suggest that children in both experimental groups exhibited significant improvements in BOT-2 and the standing long jump after the 20-weekand 32-week of trampoline-based physical activity intervention when compared to the children in the control group. No significant difference was found on BMI before and after the interventions in all three groups. Conclusion: The findings provide supporting evidence that a minimum 20-week trampoline training may be a viable therapeutic option for training children with ASD to improve their motor proficiency.
Underestimated Risk Factor of Osteonecrosis of the Jaw, Pulp and Periapical Disease: A National Cohort-Based Study in Korea
Authors: Baek Hyeong-Jin , Lee Hyejin , Lee Jae-Ryun , Park Jung-Hyun , Kim Keun-Suh , Kwoen Min-Jeong , Lee Tae-Yeon , Lee Hyo-Jung , Kim Jin-Woo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is one of the complication of bisphosphonate (BP). Despite being a major risk factor for ONJ, tooth extraction cannot explain all cases of ONJ. However, disease that induce inflammation in the jawbone, such as pulp and periapical disease is underestimated, and studies suggesting relationship are arising. This necessitates the determination of the relationship between ONJ and inflammatory disease, which would contribute to the understanding and treatment of ONJ.Methods: We analyzed the relationship between ONJ and pulp and periapical disease, and caries in women aged over 50 years who were administered BP for over 1 year from 2010 to 2015, based on a nationwide cohort study. ONJ, pulp and periapical disease, and caries were defined according to the Korean Standard Classification of Diseases and Causes of Death-7 and claims data. ONJ was operationally defined into definite ONJ and possible ONJ because of the ambiguity of population-based ONJ diagnosis.Results: Pulp and periapical disease significantly increased ONJ development [hazard ratio 2.21 (95% CI 1.40-3.48) and 2.22 (95% CI 1.65-2.98) in definite ONJ and possible ONJ, respectively]. Additionally, the risk of ONJ development increased when caries addition to pulp and periapical disease [hazard ratio 2.28 (95% 1.50-3.47) and 2.05 (95% 1.55-2.70) in definite ONJ and possible ONJ, respectively]. Nonetheless, those in the caries were not significant. Root canal treatment in most cases did not increase ONJ development significantly, but the pulp and periapical disease or caries significantly increased possible ONJ development [hazard ratio 2.17 (95% CI 1.04-4.52)].Conclusions: It is necessary to focus on pulp and periapical disease resulting in inflammation as a major risk factor for ONJ. Future studies should determine the role of low-grade inflammation for ONJ on other ONJ-inducing drugs as anti-resorptive agents.
Oral Rotavirus Vaccine Shedding as a Marker of Mucosal Immunity
Authors: Lee Benjamin , Kader Abdul , Colgate E. Ross , Carmolli Marya , Dickson Dorothy M. , Diehl Sean A. , Alam Masud , Afreen Sajia , Mychaleckyj Josyf C. , Nayak Uma , Petri William A. , Haque Rashidul , Kirkpatrick Beth D. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Rotavirus remains a leading cause of pediatric diarrhea worldwide, in part due to underperformance of currently approved live-attenuated, oral vaccines in low-and-middle income countries (LMIC). Improved immune correlates of protection (CoP) for existing oral vaccines and novel strategies to evaluate the performance of next-generation vaccines are needed. Use of oral vaccines as challenge agents in controlled human infection models is a potential approach to CoP discovery that remains underexplored. In a live-attenuated, oral rotavirus vaccine (Rotarix, GlaxoSmithKline) efficacy trial conducted among infants in Dhaka, Bangladesh, we explored the potential for the second dose of the two-dose series to be considered a challenge agent through which rotavirus immunity could be explored, using fecal virus shedding post-dose 2 as a marker of mucosal immunity. Among 180 vaccinated infants who completed the parent study per protocol, the absence of fecal vaccine shedding following the second dose of Rotarix suggested intestinal mucosal immunity generated by the first dose and a decreased risk of rotavirus diarrhea through 2 years of life (RR 0.616, 95% CI 0.392-0.968). Further development of controlled human infection models for rotavirus, especially in prospective studies with larger sample sizes, may be a promising tool to assess rotavirus vaccine efficacy and CoPs.
Antinuclear Autoimmunity Potentially Makes the Middle-aged and Female with COVID-19 Prone to Severe Progression: A Case-control Study
Authors: Cao Zhen , Zhou Fuling , Zhang Jun , Chen Cheng , Zhao Zhigang , Chen Tielong , Liang Ke , Wu Kaisong , Cheng Zhenshun , Peng Zhiyong , Zhang Yongxi , Xie Conghua , Zhou Yunfeng , Wei Yongchang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundElderliness is known risk factor for severe progression of COVID-19 due to compromised immunity, however aberrant hyperactive immune response including autoimmunity might be responsible for younger patients.Methods162 patients tested with autoimmunological detections were enrolled, and study of “Severe” cases and “Non-severe” controls was retrospectively analyzed. ResultsMultivariable analysis involving antinuclear autoimmunity manifests correlation of disease severity with middle age and attenuates the risk of age older than 65. Middle age (45≤age≤65) and female turn out to be the risk factors after hierarchical cluster analysis, before which however sex was not correlated. We find antinuclear autoimmunity to be strongly correlated with severity for the middle-aged (OR= 21.000, 95% CI 4.893- 90.126, p< 0.001) and female (OR= 16.044, 95% CI 4.717- 54.568, p< 0.001), especially for the middle-aged female (Pearson R= 0.770, p< 0.001). Incidence of symptoms fever and chest distress, and complication myocardial injury are statistically more frequent in patients with positive antinuclear antibody, compared with those negative. Severe patients with positive antinuclear antibody possess significantly shorter onset of symptoms to severity time (p= 0.021), indicating quicker progression, and interestingly, present more incidence (21%) of post-remission aggravation, compared with those negative (6%). ConclusionsThe presence of antinuclear autoimmunity potentially makes COVID-19 prone to severe progression, especially for the middle-aged and female, probably even quicker.
Molecular Mechanism of The Effect of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction On Ulcerative Colitis Based On Network Pharmacology And Molecular Docking
Authors: Yang Jing , Tang Chao-Tao , Jin Ruiri , Liu Bixia , Wang Peng , Zeng Chunyan , Chen Youxiang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Huanglian jiedu decoction (HLJDD) is a heat-clearing and detoxifying agent composed of four kinds of Chinese herbal medicine. Previous studies have shown that HLJDD can improve the inflammatory response of ulcerative colitis (UC) and maintain intestinal barrier function. However, its molecular mechanism is not completely clear. In this study, we verified the bioactive components (BCI) and potential targets of HLJDD in the treatment of UC by means of network pharmacology and molecular docking, and constructed the pharmacological network and PPI network. Then the core genes were enriched by GO and KEGG. Finally, the bioactive components were docked with the key targets to verify the binding ability between them. A total of 54 active components related to UC were identified. Ten genes are considered to be very important to PPI network. Functional analysis showed that these target genes were mainly involved in the regulation of cell response to different stimuli, IL-17 signal pathway and TNF signal pathway. The results of molecular docking showed that the active components of HLJDD had good affinity with Hub gene. This study systematically elucidates the "multi-component, multi-target, multi-pathway" mechanism of anti-UC with HLJDD for the first time, suggesting that HLJDD or its active components may be candidate drugs for the treatment of ulcerative colitis.
Risk factors for the recurrence of relapsing polychondritis
Authors: Yoshida Tsuneyasu , Yoshifuji Hajime , Shirakashi Mirei , Nakakura Akiyoshi , Murakami Kosaku , Kitagori Koji , Akizuki Shuji , Nakashima Ran , Ohmura Koichiro , Morinobu Akio 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Although the survival rates of relapsing polychondritis (RP) have increased remarkably, the high recurrence rate remains a significant concern for physicians and patients. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the risk factors for RP recurrence.
Methods

Patients with RP who presented to Kyoto University Hospital from January 2000 to March 2020 and fulfilled Damiani's classification criteria were included. Patients were classified into recurrence and non-recurrence groups. Risk factors for RP recurrence were analysed using a Cox proportional hazards model, and Kaplan–Meier survival curves were drawn.
Results

Thirty-four patients were included. Twenty-five patients (74%) experienced 64 recurrences (mean: 2.56 recurrences per patients). The median duration before the first recurrence was 202 [55 − 382] days. The median prednisolone dose at the initial recurrence was 10 [5 − 12.75] mg/day. Tracheal involvement was significantly more frequent in the recurrence group at the initial presentation (44.0% vs. 0.0%, p = 0.0172) than in the non-recurrence group, and pre-treatment C-reactive protein levels were significantly high (4.7 vs 1.15 mg/dL, p = 0.0024). The Cox proportional hazards model analysis revealed that tracheal involvement (HR 4.266 [1.535 − 13.838], p = 0.0048), pre-treatment C-reactive protein level (HR 1.166 [1.040 − 1.308], p = 0.0085), and initial prednisolone monotherapy (HR 4.443 [1.515 − 16.267], p = 0.0056) may be associated with recurrence. The median time before the initial recurrence was significantly longer in patients who received combination therapy with prednisolone and immunosuppressants or biologics (400 vs 70 days, p = 0.0015).
Conclusions

Tracheal involvement, pre-treatment C-reactive protein level, and initial prednisolone monotherapy were risk factors for recurrence in patients with RP. Initial combination therapy with prednisolone and immunosuppressants may delay recurrence.
Prognostic and Clinical Values of Chaperone Protein P4HB in Malignant Glioma
Authors: Sun Stella , Kiang Karrie Mei-Yee , Leung Gilberto Ka-Kit 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction. Prolyl 4-hydroxylase, beta polypeptide (P4HB) has previously been identified by our group to play important roles in association with glioma malignancy and temozolomide (TMZ) resistance through the unfolded protein response (UPR). The present study focused on the prognostic value of P4HB in glioma. Methods. P4HB expression was assessed by immunohistochemical staining and semi-quantified by pathologist visual scoring in 73 WHO grade I-IV gliomas. Results were correlated with clinicopathological data. Results. Our results show that P4HB expression was significantly associated several clinicopathological parameters including age (p=0.035), tumour grade (p=0.002), and the number of TMZ treatment cycles received (p=0.043). Using Kaplan-Meier analysis, P4HB expression was positively correlated with mortality (p=0.014) and disease progression (p=0.026). In patients treated with TMZ, high P4HB expression level was significantly associated with poorer overall survival (OS) (p=0.014) and progression free survival (PFS) (p=0.027). The association between MGMT promoter methylation and P4HB expression was also interrogated. Patients with MGMTMethP4HBLow tumours had the most favourable progression free survival (48 months) than patients with other combination of MGMT methylation status and P4HB expression (log rank p=0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that P4HB was an independent prognostic indicator for OS (p=0.048). Conclusions. P4HB could constitute an independent prognostic marker, especially for high grade glioma with the potential for informing a nuanced pathological stratification during clinical decision-making with respect to MGMT promoter methylation status and TMZ treatment.
Genome-Wide Identification of PEBP Gene Family Members In Potato and Their Phylogenetic Relationships and Expression Patterns Under Heat Stress
Authors: Zhang Guodong , Jin Xin , Li Xiubao , Zhang Ning , Li Shaoqian , Si Huaijun , Rajora Om P. , Li Xiu-Qing 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The phosphatidy ethanolamine-binding protein (PEBP) genes are involved in regulating plant flowering and tuberization. We analyzed both the recently updated, long-reads-based reference genome (DM v6.1) and the previous short-reads-based annotation (PGSC DM v3.4) of the potato reference genome and characterized heat-induced gene expression using RT-PCR and RNA-Seq. Fifteen PEBP genes were identified from DM v6.1 and named StPEBP1 to StPEBP15 based on their chromosomal locations. Six of these genes were not found in the previous annnotation (DM v3.4). The 15 genes could be classified into FT, TFL, MFT, and PEBP-like subfamilies and were located on 6 chromosomes. Most of the StPEBP genes were found to have conserved motifs 1 to 5 similar to Arabidopsis and other plants. We found that heat stress induced opposite expression patterns of certain FT and TFL members in a tissue-specific way: StPEBP14 and StPEBP15 versus StPEBP3 and StPEBP10 in leaves, StPEBP4 versus StPEBP10 in roots, and StPEBP9 versus StPEBP3 in tubers (FT versus TFL respectively). This maintenance of the FT/TFL opposite expression pattern but involving tissue-specific PEBP members may partly explain why different potato organs have different sensitivities to heat stress. Our study provided important multiuse genomic resource, and relevant information and candidate genes for genetic improvement of heat tolerance in potato. It clearly support that the long-reads-based genome assembly and annotation provides a better genomic resource for identification of PEBP and perhaps other genes.
Indigenous Knowledge and Consumer’s Perspectives of Stinging Nettle (Urtica Simensis) in the Central and Southeastern Highlands of Oromia Regional States of Ethiopia
Authors: Shonte Tigist Tadesse , W/Tsadik Kebede 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Wild plants are essential for increased dietary diversity; for food and nutritional security and as herbal remedies. Stinging nettle, Urtica species, is one of the 20 widely consumed wild plants with cultural importance index ranging from 0.5-1.26 CI in different countries. As in previously conducted wild plants ethnobotanical studies in Ethiopia, the present study reported for the first time the indigenous knowledge and consumer’s perspectives of stinging nettle (Urtica simensis) in the central and southeastern highlands of Oromia regional states of Ethiopia.Methods: Data was collected through informed consent semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, key informant discussions, focus group discussions and tour-guided field observation in 13 districts of three zones (Arsi, Bale and North Shewa) of Oromia regional state, Ethiopia. Results: The local people gather, where women carries 69.2% of the responsibilities for collecting and cooking, stinging nettle in winter and spring season almost from everywhere with higher preference for road sides followed by homestead boundaries, waste land, field boundaries and agroforestry in order of importance. The factors limiting harvesting, consumption and marketing of stinging nettles could be ranked as cultural barriers (63.1%) > lack of knowledge (26.9%) > stinginess (10%). According to key informants, the local people who gather and cook stinging nettle are commonly referred as the poor and they call stinging nettle crop as a poor man crop. Interestingly, covering hands with cloths and wearing plastic bags were traditional manipulations practiced by the local community to protect themselves from stinging hairs thereby avoiding stinging sensation and collect the young and tender shoots from the plant. The highest use-value indices of stinging nettle plant was in North Shewa zone (UVc = 0.93), followed by Arsi zone (UVc = 0.9), and Bale zone (UVc = 0.63). Its central role in North Shewa (FL = 51.7%) and Arsi zone (FL = 50 %) is as a source of both food and fodder, where as in Bale zone (FL = 33.3%) is as a source of food only. In the study areas stinging nettle sauce is prepared by boiling young nettle leaves and roasted barley powder and then cooled sauce is served with injera. Conclusions: There exists biological security to livelihood of the people in the study areas by consuming stinging nettle to cope up times of food shortage. This result shed light on further research and a needs to popularize, awareness creation, the potential for domestication, value addition and processing for food and nutritional security and wellbeing of consumers.
Comparison of Macroeconomic Developments in Ten Scenarios of Energy System Transformation in Germany – National and Regional Results
Authors: Ulrich Philip , Naegler Tobias , Becker Lisa , Lehr Ulrike , Simon Sonja , Sutardhio Claudia , Weidlich Anke 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMany different strategies have already been proposed for the transformation of the energy system in Germany. To evaluate their sustainability, it is necessary to analyze their macroeconomic and distributional effects. An approach to do this in an integrated and consistent framework is presented here. MethodsThe comparison of ten energy transition scenarios with emission reduction targets by 2050 of 80% or 95%, respectively, allows the evaluation across a broad range of different strategies with respect to the future technology and energy carrier mix. For this purpose, an energy system model and a macroeconometric model are combined, thus re-modeling the unified scenarios. An important extension of the model was concerned with the integration of synthetic fuels into the energy-economy model. One focus besides the overall macroeconomic assessment is the regional analysis. For this purpose, own assumptions on the regional distribution of the expansion of renewable energies were developed. ResultsThe effects on gross domestic product (GDP) and employment are similar in average from 2030 to 2050 between the scenarios, with most of the more ambitious scenarios showing slightly higher results for the socioeconomic variables. Sectorally, employment in the construction sector shows the largest effects in most scenarios, while in the energy sector employment is lower in scenarios with high energy imports. At the regional level, the differences between scenarios are larger than at national level. There is no clear or stable regional pattern of relative loss and profit from very ambitious transformation, as not only RE expansion varies and hydrogen strategies enter the scene approaching 2050.ConclusionsFrom the relatively small differences between the scenarios it can be concluded that, from a macroeconomic perspective, it is not decisive for the overall economy which (supply side) strategy is chosen for the transformation of the energy system. More effort needs to be put into improving assumptions and modeling approaches related to strategies for achieving the final 20% CO2 reduction, for example the increasing use of hydrogen.
The Association between Dietary Inflammation Index and Rheumatoid Arthritis in Americans: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Xiang Shate , Wang Yao , Qian Suhai , Jie Li , Yibo Jin , Ding Xinghong , Xu Taotao 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Studies have shown that personal diet has a certain impact on the development and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the effect of overall dietary structure on RA is still an exploratory issue at present. Dietary inflammation index (DII) is an index that evaluates the inflammatory potential of the total nutrients consumed by human body. Therefore, we studied the correlation between DII and RA in Americans to explore whether the pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory effects of diet contribute to the risk of RA.
Methods

We used data from the 2005–2017 NHANES database for analysis, including 1819 individuals with RA and 8602 individuals without RA. Among them, DII was calculated by collecting the relevant data of Total Nutrient Intakes, First Day in the database. The analysis was carried out through the comparison between the two groups, including logical regression, multiple regression analysis, smooth curve fitting, recursive algorithm, and independent sample T-test.
Results

After adjusting for other confounding factors, we found that there was a positive correlation between DII and RA in Americans (β = 1.068, 95% CI = 1.026 to 1.111, P = 0.00121). In the subgroup analysis, it was found that characteristics of the participants were younger than 50 years old, female, Other Hispanic, BMI≥25 or federal poverty rate > 185%, there was still a positive association between DII and RA. Compared with non-smokers, the effect between DII and RA of smokers was greater than that of non-smokers. In Other Hispanic, there was an inflection point (K = 1.195). When K > 1.195, the curve gradient increases rapidly. In addition, the intake of energy, protein, dietary fiber, total saturated fatty acids, vitamin E, vitamin B6, magnesium, zinc, Niacin, Selenium, iron, and alcohol in individuals with RA was significantly lower than that in those without RA.
Conclusions

The inflammatory potential of diet may increase the risk of onset and development of RA. The risk may be different in different individuals, but it may be a feasible way to prevent and alleviate RA by improving dietary structure, reducing pro-inflammatory food, and increasing anti-inflammatory food intake.