bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a risk factor for glucose intolerance onset in men regardless of alanine aminotransferase status
Authors: Miyake Teruki , Matsuura Bunzo , Furukawa Shinya , Yoshida Osamu , Hirooka Masashi , Kumagi Teru , Ishihara Toru , Kanzaki Sayaka , Nakaguchi Hironobu , Miyazaki Masumi , Nakamura Yoshiko , Yamamoto Yasunori , Koizumi Yohei , Tokumoto Yoshio , Takeshita Eiji , Ikeda Yoshio , Abe Masanori , Kitai Kohichiro , Hiasa Yoichi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroductionFatty liver disease (FLD) is a surrogate condition for glucose intolerance development. FLD may involve normal or abnormal liver enzyme levels. Whether FLD is a risk factor for glucose intolerance, regardless of liver enzyme levels, remains unknown. We assessed relationships between the development of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and FLD, liver enzyme abnormalities, and alcohol consumption.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated 8,664 participants with more than two annual health check‐ups. Participants were classified according to sex, alcohol consumption, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, and fatty liver status.ResultsIn univariate analyses, IFG onset among men was related to normal or high ALT levels with FLD in the nonalcoholic and alcoholic groups (P‐trend < 0.01). In multivariate analyses, IFG onset among nonalcoholic men was associated with normal or high ALT levels with FLD, independent of potential confounding factors (P‐trend < 0.01). However, IFG onset was non‐independently associated with any condition among alcoholic men. In univariate analyses, IFG onset among women was related to normal or high ALT levels with FLD in the nonalcoholic group (P‐trend < 0.01) and high ALT levels with FLD in the alcoholic group (P‐trend < 0.05). In multivariate analyses, IFG onset was independently associated with only normal ALT levels in nonalcoholic FLD women.ConclusionsAmong nonalcoholic men and women, FLD was a risk factor for IFG onset, including normal ALT concentrations. Care is needed for individuals with nonalcoholic FLD, regardless of liver injury, possibly helping reduce glucose intolerance risk.
Transitional shared decision‐making processes for patients with complex needs: A feasibility study
Authors: Schusselé Filliettaz Séverine , Moiroux Stéphane , Marchand Gregory , Gilles Ingrid , Peytremann‐Bridevaux Isabelle 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroductionShared decision‐making (SDM) processes, combining patients' and professionals' perspectives, are especially necessary for patients with complex needs (CNs) during their care transitions. In 2016, we started implementing interprofessional and interinstitutional SDM processes (IIPs) for patients admitted to a short‐stay unit (SSU) for inpatient care and then followed‐up by primary care providers. Two types of IIPs were identified: (a) iterative IIPs, and (b) meeting IIPs. These differed in terms of the timing of SDM processes: whereas the former were multilateral and iterative, meeting IIPs were simultaneous. However, the two processes had similar outcomes and participants had similar characteristics. The intervention included other components, such as CNs assessment and a care coordinator position. The present study aimed to assess the feasibility of the intervention's implementation.MethodsThe intervention's feasibility was assessed using fidelity and coverage indicators. We collected data from the patients' records on (a) patients' and professionals' characteristics, (b) the fidelity (CNs evaluations and occurrences of IIPs), and (c) the intervention's coverage (types of IIPs, participants).ResultsThe study included 453 patients between September 2017 and February 2019: mean age of 82.3 years, 65.6% women and 61.1% considered to have CNs. For patients with CNs, iterative IIPs and meeting IIPs occurred in 78.3% and 23.8% of cases, respectively. 35.1% of iterative IIPs and 8.8% of meeting IIPs for patients with CNs involved patients or their informal caregivers, inpatient professionals, primary care physicians and homecare professionals.DiscussionThese results showed that an intervention targeting the implementation of formalized IIPs for SDM in transitional care was feasible. However, to improve the evaluation of such interventions, other methods should be used to measure their appropriateness and acceptability. Additionally, assessing the effects of IIPs would legitimize their funding, supporting their sustainability and generalisability.
Economic Uncertainty and Bank Lending
Authors: WU WEI‐SHAO , SUARDI SANDY 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis paper shows that economic uncertainty proxied by the variance risk premium (VRP) has an important explanatory power for bank credit supply and demand. Higher VRP exerts a negative influence on both loan demand and supply, increases loan spreads, reduces loan size and maturity, and increases the proportion of collateralized loans. These effects are substantive in the syndicated loan market and are worse off during economic recessions. Upon isolating the effect of uncertainty on bank credit supply from loan demand, we find that VRP dominates credit supply, which suggests that bank credit shortages can potentially aggravate economic downturn during recessions.
Money in the Equilibrium of Banking1
Authors: CAO JIN , ILLING GERHARD 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMoney is both the medium for transaction and the most liquid asset for banks. We examine both roles of money in an integrated framework, where banks are subject to aggregate illiquidity risk. An active central bank can replicate the constrained efficient allocation, which, however, cannot be implemented in the market equilibrium: due to moral hazard problems, banks invest excessively in illiquid assets, forcing the central bank to provide liquidity at low interest rates. An interest rate policy aiming to reduce systemic liquidity risk is dynamically inconsistent. Instead, the constrained efficiency can be achieved by imposing ex ante liquidity coverage requirement.
Couple teletherapy in the era of COVID‐19: Experiences and recommendations
Authors: Hardy Nathan R. , Maier Candice A. , Gregson Ty J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe unprecedented times of the novel Coronavirus quarantine and subsequent stay‐at‐home orders have changed the way many couple therapists provide clinical services. Understanding couple therapists’ experiences with teletherapy is important for optimizing future telehealth delivery with couples. Thus, the purpose of this mixed methods survey study was to explore couple therapists’ experiences of transitioning from in‐person/traditional therapy to online/telehealth delivery. A total of 58 couple therapists completed an online survey for this study. Reported are both quantitative and qualitative findings. Overall, this study found that couple therapists experienced a positive shift from traditional/in‐person therapy to online/telehealth therapy, with a majority of couple therapists (74%) reporting they would continue providing teletherapy after the novel Coronavirus pandemic and social distancing regulations had ended. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes from couple therapists’ experiences related to advantages, challenges, and recommendations for practice. Implications for clinical training and future research are discussed.
The significance of endocan immunohistochemical expression in chronic plaque psoriasis
Authors: Abdou Asmaa Gaber , Hammam Mostafa , Saad Eman , Hassan Reem Ahmed Abdelaziz 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with immune‐mediated mechanism. Endocan is a soluble dermatan sulfate proteoglycan expressed by endothelium of blood vessels.AimsThe present study aims to evaluate immunohistochemical localization of endocan in psoriatic skin in comparison with normal skin and to correlate its expression with the clinical and pathological data of psoriasis.Patients/MethodsSkin biopsies from 36 psoriatic patients and 40 normal subjects were taken and processed for immunohistochemical staining of endocan.ResultsEndocan was expressed in 63.9% and in 36.1% of epidermal keratinocytes and dermal endothelial and inflammatory cells of psoriatic skin, respectively, compared with its expression in 30% of epidermis of normal skin. Diffuse epidermal expression of endocan was in favor of cases with more angiogenesis and its intense expression was in favor of marked acanthosis and with cases affecting trunk as main presentation. Positive dermal endocan expression was significantly associated with marked parakeratosis and with more angiogenesis.ConclusionEndocan is over‐expressed in psoriatic skin from epidermal keratinocytes and dermal endothelial and inflammatory cells. Endocan enhances angiogenesis and proliferation of psoriatic skin contributing to pathogenic mechanisms of psoriasis.
Prevalence and characteristics of ventricular septal defects in a non‐racehorse equine population (2008‐2019)
Authors: De Lange Lisa , Vera Lisse , Decloedt Annelies , Van Steenkiste Glenn , Vernemmen Ingrid , van Loon Gunther 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundVentricular septal defects (VSDs) are the most common congenital cardiac defect in horses.ObjectivesTo identify prevalence, age, breed, and sex distribution of VSD and to describe associated clinical and ultrasonographic findings.AnimalsHospital‐based population of 21 136 horses presented to the equine internal medicine department.MethodsMedical records over a 12‐year period were reviewed for VSD confirmed by ultrasonography. Age, breed, sex, sport discipline, murmur, clinical signs, outcome, VSD type, VSD size, shunt velocity, cardiac dimensions, concomitant cardiac anomalies, and valvular regurgitations were recorded.ResultsFrom 1894 horses that underwent echocardiography, 54 had a VSD: 42 as an isolated lesion and 12 as part of complex congenital heart disease (CHD). Median age was 5 years (range, 0‐26) and 1 year (range, 0‐8), respectively. Warmbloods and males were overrepresented. In the isolated VSD group, only 15% had associated clinical signs and most horses had a perimembranous VSD (pmVSD; 36/42). Horses with a pmVSD and clinical signs showed a significantly lower maximal shunt velocity (3.77 vs 5.20 m/s;P < .001), higher VSD/Aortic root (Ao) diameter (0.52 vs 0.38;P= .05), higher left atrium/Ao diameter (1.94 vs 1.22;P < .001), and higher pulmonary artery/Ao diameter (1.15 vs 0.88;P= .005) compared to horses without clinical signs. All horses with complex CHD had clinical signs and abnormal cardiac dimensions.Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceMost isolated VSD were diagnosed only at a later age and were not associated with clinical signs. Horses with complex CHD were more likely to have or develop clinical signs at younger age.
Use of waggle dance information in honey bees is linked to gene expression in the antennae, but not in the brain
Authors: Kennedy Anissa , Peng Tianfei , Glaser Simone M. , Linn Melissa , Foitzik Susanne , Grüter Christoph 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCommunication is essential for social animals, but deciding how to utilize information provided by conspecifics is a complex process that depends on environmental and intrinsic factors. Honey bees use a unique form of communication, the waggle dance, to inform nestmates about the location of food sources. However, as in many other animals, experienced individuals often ignore this social information and prefer to rely on prior experiences, i.e., private information. The neurosensory factors that drive the decision to use social information are not yet understood. Here we test whether the decision to use social dance information or private information is linked to gene expression differences in different parts of the nervous system. We trained bees to collect food from sugar water feeders and observed whether they utilize social or private information when exposed to dances for a new food source. We performed transcriptome analysis of four brain parts (11–16 bees per tissue type) critical for cognition: the subesophageal ganglion, the central brain, the mushroom bodies, and the antennal lobes but, unexpectedly, detected no differences between social or private information users. In contrast, we found 413 differentially expressed genes in the antennae, suggesting that variation in sensory perception mediates the decision to use social information. Social information users were characterized by the upregulation of biogenic amine genes, while private information users upregulated several genes coding for odour perception. These results highlight that decision‐making in honey bees might also depend on peripheral processes of perception rather than higher‐order brain centres of information integration.
Intestinal inflammations increase efflux of innate lymphoid cells from the intestinal mucosa to the mesenteric lymph nodes through lymph‐collecting ducts
Authors: Horiuchi Kazuki , Higashiyama Masaaki , Kurihara Chie , Matsumura Kouji , Tanemoto Rina , Ito Suguru , Mizoguchi Akinori , Nishii Shin , Wada Akinori , Inaba Kenichi , Sugihara Nao , Hanawa Yoshinori , Shibuya Naoki , Okada Yoshikiyo , Watanabe Chikako , Komoto Shunsuke , Tomita Kengo , Hokari Ryota 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroductionInnate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are abundant in the intestinal mucosa, forming boundaries externally. Herein, ILCs were directly obtained from intestinal lymph using a lymph fistula rat model and analyzed under physiological and pathological conditions.MethodsThoracic duct (TD) lymphocytes were collected by cannulation with/without preceded mesenteric lymphadenectomy, which were comparable to lymphocytes flowing through mesenteric lymphatic vessels (MLVs) or TD, respectively. The collected ILCs were classified according to gene transcription factors and analyzed by flow cytometry. The effect of IL‐25 or indomethacin was studied.ResultsThe proportion of total ILCs in the MLVs (MLV‐ILCs) was significantly higher than that in TD (TD‐ILCs, 0.01% vs. 0.003%, respectively). Physiologically, there were several significant differences in the MLV‐ILCs compared with TD‐ILCs, including the proportion of ILC2 (42.3% vs. 70.9%) and ILC3 (33.3% vs. 13.8%), and the proportion of α4‐integrin‐positive cells (36.8% vs. 0.3%). IL‐25 significantly increased the proportion of MLV‐ILC2 after 3 days. Indomethacin‐induced intestinal injury increased the proportion of MLV‐ILC3 in the early phase within 12 h.ConclusionIntestinal ILCs were found to migrate through MLVs. The altered mobilization of MLV‐ILCs after stimuli suggests that ILCs play an important role in regulating the immune responses at the secondary lymph nodes.
A decentralized unsupervised structural condition diagnosis approach using deep auto‐encoders
Authors: Jiang Kejie , Han Qiang , Du Xiuli , Ni Pinghe 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this paper, the ideas of deep auto‐encoder (DAE) and manifold learning are adopted to solve the problem of structural condition diagnosis. A scalable decentralized end‐to‐end unsupervised structural condition diagnostic framework is proposed. Three damage diagnosis mechanisms are clarified. The structural damage diagnosis approaches are presented from the latent coding domain and the time domain, respectively. In the latent coding domain, an undercomplete DAE is established to extract the distribution of the low‐dimensional manifold of the signal. On the contrary, in the time domain, an overcomplete DAE is adopted to extract the reconstruction error of the signal. Subsequently, normalized damage quantitative indicators are developed in the two domains. The damage localization method is also clarified. The proposed method can extract features directly from original vibration data without the need for additional signal preprocessing techniques. More importantly, the algorithm relies only on the output signals and does not require a numerical or scale model. This framework can be used to identify, locate, and quantify structural damages. The validity of the diagnostic framework is verified using a well‐designed laboratory benchmark structure. A large‐scale grandstand structure is further used to prove the ability of the proposed method for identifying slight structural damage caused by the loosening of joint bolts. The results clearly demonstrate an elegant performance of the proposed damage detection algorithm in structural condition assessment and damage localization.
A haustorial‐expressed lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase from the cucurbit powdery mildew pathogen Podosphaera xanthii contributes to the suppression of chitin‐triggered immunity
Authors: Polonio Álvaro , Fernández‐Ortuño Dolores , de Vicente Antonio , Pérez‐García Alejandro 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPodosphaera xanthii is the main causal agent of cucurbit powdery mildew and a limiting factor of crop productivity. The lifestyle of this fungus is determined by the development of specialized parasitic structures inside epidermal cells, termed haustoria, that are responsible for the acquisition of nutrients and the release of effectors. A typical function of fungal effectors is the manipulation of host immunity, for example the suppression of pathogen‐associated molecular pattern (PAMP)‐triggered immunity (PTI). Chitin is a major component of fungal cell walls, and chitin oligosaccharides are well‐known PAMP elicitors. In this work, we examined the role of PHEC27213, the most highly expressed, haustorium‐specific effector candidate of P. xanthii. According to different computational predictions, the protein folding of PHEC27213 was similar to that of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) and included a conserved histidine brace; however, PHEC27213 had low sequence similarity with LPMO proteins and displayed a putative chitin‐binding domain that was different from the canonical carbohydrate‐binding module. Binding and enzymatic assays demonstrated that PHEC27213 was able to bind and catalyse colloidal chitin, as well as chitooligosaccharides, acting as an LPMO. Furthermore, RNAi silencing experiments showed the potential of this protein to prevent the activation of chitin‐triggered immunity. Moreover, proteins with similar features were found in other haustorium‐forming fungal pathogens. Our results suggest that this protein is a new fungal LPMO that catalyses chitooligosaccharides, thus contributing to the suppression of plant immunity during haustorium development. To our knowledge, this is the first mechanism identified in the haustorium to suppress chitin signalling.
Enforcement officials' coping strategies in a changing regulatory environment
Authors: Liu Ning , Tang Shui‐Yan , Lo Carlos Wing‐Hung , Zhan Xueyong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEnforcement officials' coping strategies evolve with changes in job attitudes, work situations, and institutional support. As the institutional context becomes more challenging with stronger performance management and transparency pressures, enforcement officials are less likely to movetowardregulatees. Besides, in a more challenging context, officials with higher pay satisfaction and societal support are more likely to movetowardregulatees. Yet officials are consistently less likely to movetowardregulatees if they receive fewer resources or more government support. These correlations are supported by results from two rounds of surveys with environmental regulatory enforcement officials in China. Our interviews and archival documents helped unearth changes in institutional contexts and enforcement activities between and after our two surveys. This study advances a dynamic view of coping among street‐level bureaucrats by showing how changes in institutional contexts may reshape the motivational bases of coping strategies.
Analysis of lesional color to differentiate infantile hemangiomas from port‐wine birthmarks in infants less than 3 months old: A pilot study
Authors: O’Brien Kathleen F. , Frieden Ilona J. , Zeymo Alexander , Vasic Jelena , Silverman Robert , Goldberg Gerald , Carver DeKlotz Cynthia Marie 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn their early phase, infantile hemangiomas (IH) can sometimes be difficult to differentiate from port‐wine birthmarks (PWB). Until recently, inexpensive diagnostic tools have not been readily available.ObjectiveTo determine the diagnostic utility of widely available colorimetric technology when differentiating PWB from IH in photographs of infants less than 3 months old.MethodsMulti‐center, retrospective analysis of RGB (red, green, and blue) and HSL (hue, saturation, lightness) values collected using electronic colorimeters from images of clinically confirmed untreated IH or PWB. Subgroup analysis of flat vascular birthmarks was subsequently performed.ResultsImages of 119 IH (specifically, 45 flat IH) and 59 PWB were identified. PWB had significantly (P < .001) higher RGB values of all primary colors, most notably for blue and green (mean difference: >50), irrespective of thickness. RGB or RGB with HSL values had an excellent accuracy (90%), sensitivity (92%), specificity (98%), and positive predictive value (98%) when discriminating PWB from flat IH. IH could be distinctly clustered from PWB when combining their RGB with HSL values.ConclusionElectronic colorimeters with emphasis on blue and green values, are able to differentiate PWB from IH, irrespective of thickness, with a high degree of accuracy. A larger scale evaluation is now required.
Pruritus assessment tools for 6 to 7‐year‐old children: KidsItchyQoL and ItchyQuant
Authors: Kong Ha Eun , Francois Sandy , Smith Shelby , Spraker Mary , Lawley Leslie P. , Lee Grace , Chen Kuang‐Ho , Roberts James S. , Chen Suephy C. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesMeasures of pruritus severity and quality of life (QoL) are necessary for the development of therapeutics for children with chronic pruritus. In children, questionnaires need to be developed for specific age groups given the differences in cognitive levels. In this study, we aimed to develop tools to assess QoL and pruritus severity in children 6 to 7‐years‐old with chronic pruritus.MethodsBased on open interviews with children, we developed a cartoon‐annotated QoL instrument, KidsItchyQoL, and validated an existing pruritus severity instrument, ItchyQuant, that measures pruritus impact and severity for the preceding week. Both instruments were administered to 100 children aged 6‐7 years with chronic pruritus. The data were analyzed for reliability, reproducibility, construct validity, and responsiveness.ResultsWe found the 14‐item KidsItchyQoL to be reliable (Cronbach's α = 0.846) and reproducible (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.66) as was the ItchyQuant (ICC = 0.47). With respect to construct validity, examination of eigenvalues of the inter‐item polychoric correlation matrix suggested three dominant factors. A subsequent confirmatory factor analysis suggested that a 3‐dimensional simple structure model with correlated factors provided a reasonable data representation. The responsiveness of KidsItchyQoL and ItchyQuant (P = .005, GLM procedure) were demonstrated with scores changing as expected with the self‐reported change of itch severity.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate promise for a new set of reliable research tools to assess QoL and pruritus severity in children 6 to 7 years of age.
Pediatric primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma treated with brachytherapy
Authors: Linggonegoro Danny W. , McCormack Lindsay , Grenier Pierre‐Olivier , Vrooman Lynda M. , Devlin Phillip M. , Huang Jennifer T. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPrimary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (PC‐ALCL) is a CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorder that rarely occurs in children. Although there are currently no consensus guidelines for the treatment of cutaneous lymphoma in the pediatric population, the isolated form of PC‐ALCL is typically managed by surgical excision or external beam radiation therapy. We report the case of a 6‐year‐old girl with primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma that was treated with brachytherapy with no recurrence after 21 months of follow‐up, suggesting that brachytherapy may be considered as a treatment for pediatric cutaneous large cell anaplastic lymphoma.