bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth and Yield Response of Ginger (Zingiber Officinale) to Different Application Levels of High Molecular Weight Chitosan
Authors: Aduguba W. O. , Oppong-Sekyere D. , Akumbutum J. 
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This study examines soaking ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) in different High Molecular Weight Chitosan (HMWCHT) concentrations to assess its influence on growth and yield. The study examined the impact of chitosan soaking on ginger growth.
Design/Methodology/Approach: This study employed a randomised complete block design. Three chitosan concentrations (0, 50, and 100 ppm) were used, and growth parameters (plant height, leaf count, and chlorophyll content) were assessed over 12 weeks. Means were separated using the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) as the significance test at p≤ 0.05.
Findings: Weeks 10 and 12 saw remarkable values for plant height (66.3 cm and 69.1 cm), leaf count (20.33 and 22.0), and chlorophyll content (79.0 and 81.0) in ginger soaked in 50 ppm, highlighting the potential of high chitosan concentrations for ginger growth. Moreover, 50 and 100 ppm chitosan resulted in significantly higher yields, with ginger soaked in 100 ppm yielding the most (1830 g).
Research Limitation: The study's controlled conditions and limited chitosan concentrations may not fully capture field variability or broader application ranges.
Practical Implications: Soaking ginger in 100 ppm chitosan significantly enhances growth and yield, offering practical, eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic fertilisers.
Social Implications: Improved ginger yields support food security, farmer income, and sustainable agricultural development through environmentally friendly agricultural practices.
Originality/Value: This study underscores the positive impact of high-molecular-weight chitosan soaking on ginger's growth and yield response. Chitosan, particularly at a concentration of 100 ppm, holds promise as a growth enhancer for commercial ginger cultivation.
APPLICATION OF ACCOUNTING STANDARDS TO MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN PEKANBARU
Authors: Nasrah Hidayati , Ratna Ikhwani 
Published: December 2024

This study discusses the application of Financial Accounting Standards for Micro, Small, and Medium Entities (SAK EMKM) in Pekanbaru. Employing an exploratory descriptive approach, the research aims to investigate the understanding and practices of financial reporting among MSME stakeholders. The findings reveal that many MSMEs in Pekanbaru do not fully understand the importance of preparing financial reports in accordance with standard. In addition, obstacles such as lack of accounting knowledge and skilled human resources are significant obstacles in the implementation of this standard. This study is expected to provide recommendations to increase the awareness and capacity of MSME actors in implementing appropriate accounting, thereby contributing to their business performance and sustainability.
Digital Literacy of Iranian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) Teachers: Teaching Experience in Focus
Authors: Barjestesh Hamed , Vijaymmm Phawani. , Sabzevari Marziyeh , Fatehi Rad Neda , Rabani Kamran , Manoochehrzadeh Mehdi 
Published: December 2024

Contrary to the importance of digital literacy in making English as a Foreign Language (EFL) education congruent with the recent technological advancements, a scrutiny of the pertinent literature in this regard is evident. To address this gap, this investigation seeks to investigate Iranian experienced and novice EFL teachers’ digital literacy within a comparative stance. Using a quantitative survey design, the data was collected via Digital Literacy Questionnaire.The participants taking part in this research included 200 conveniently selected EFL teachers (100 novice and 100 experienced teachers), holding all levels of academic degree in TEFL, English Language and Literature, and English Translation fields, with diverse years of teaching experience across various schools and institutions in Iran. The collected questionnaires were analyzed through one sample t-test and independent sample-test. The study found that EFL teachers demonstrated strong proficiency across a range of digital skills, such as typing, web searching, and utilizing digital learning tools. Moreover, no significant difference in digital literacy was identified between novice and experienced teachers which suggests both groups have similar levels of competence in terms of digital technologies. The findings hold important implications for a wide range of stakeholders, including EFL policymakers, teachers, teacher trainers, and researchers. They provide insights that can be used to improve educational policies and refine teaching practices.
Examining Sign Language Interpreter Support for Students with Hearing Loos in Vocational Courses
Authors: Karasu Sivas Guzin , Istel Cigdem 
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine the process of sign language interpreter support provided in vocational courses to students at the School for the Handicapped, a special education institution in Turkiye where all of the students have hearing loss. Eight freshmen students in the Architectural Drafting Associate Degree program of the Department of Architecture and Urban Planning at School for the Handicapped participated in the study. The study, conducted as action research, revealed that the interpreter support provided increases the motivation of the students and positively affects their success. However, several factors such as the used sign language not meeting a standard, professional terms not having equivalents in SL, and the frameworks for the roles and responsibilities of the educational sign language interpreter not being determined resulted in problems in the research process. The translation modes were arranged according to the flow of the course, taking into account the characteristics of the students and the course, and were carried out with a dynamic equivalent and literal interpretations. It has been determined that there is a need for standardization of Turkish sign language, development of professional terminology in sign language, research and legal regulations regarding the training and employment of interpreters under national conditions. This study provides a new framework for collaborative practices in vocational courses with students with hearing loss and educational sign language interpreters.
Current approaches to the control of process-related impurities in antibiotics
Authors: Kovaleva E. L. , Arhipova K. S. , Aldamova I. M. 
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCTION. Antibiotic active substances have a distinct class of organic impurities other than related substances or organic solvents, namely, process-related impurities, such as N,N-dimethylaniline and 2-ethylhexanoic acid and its derivatives. These compounds are used as reagents in the production process, and national and international pharmacopoeias require that their residual levels should be controlled.AIM. This study aimed to justify the requirements for the control of process-related impurities in antibiotic active substances.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study analysed general chapters and individual monographs on antibiotic active substances of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation and international pharmacopoeias, including the European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.), the United States Pharmacopeia (USP), and The International Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Int.). The study also analysed registration dossiers for local and imported antibiotic active substances listed in the Russian State Register of Medicines. The study used comparative and content analysis methods.RESULTS. The Ph. Eur. requires that 2-ethylhexanoic acid should be controlled in antibiotic active substances, such as semisynthetic and fermentation-derived antibiotics. In contrast, the USP does not include this quality attribute in individual monographs. The Ph. Eur. and USP individual monographs on semisynthetic antibiotics require manufacturers to control residual levels of N,N-dimethylaniline. This is probably due to the high toxicity of N,N-dimethylaniline. The relevant requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation are harmonised with those of the Ph. Eur. According to the analysis of registration dossiers, manufacturers replace 2-ethylhexanoic acid and N,N-dimethylaniline with less toxic reagents and, if necessary, control the residual levels of these alternative reagents in accordance with the general requirements for residual organic solvents.CONCLUSIONS. Current technological processes can produce antibiotic active substances without the use of 2-ethylhexanoic acid and N,N-dimethylaniline. Therefore, the concept of process-related impurity control in active substances should be based on risk assessment. Furthermore, the relevant general chapters should require testing for 2-ethylhexanoic acid and N,N-dimethylaniline only if these compounds are used in the production process.
HETEROPOLYSACCHARIDE OF KGM-XANTHAN HYDROGELS FOR THE REMOVAL OF BACTERIA IN A WOUND MODEL
Authors: Shahbuddin Munira , Mahamad Siti Syazwani , Ahmad Raus Raha 
Published: December 2024

This project focused on the development of polysaccharides hydrogels from Konjac Glucomannan (KGM) and Xanthan gum in removing the bacterial load on wound. This new therapy design is due to the traditional wound care methods using antibiotic and normal hydrogel cannot adequately treat biofilm infected wounds to healing process. For the treatment of bacterial infected wound, bacterial removal need to be done physically and manually by debridement, which is very painful and require the use of general anesthesia. Therefore, to reduce the formation of slough and necrotic tissue by the formation of bacterial biofilm, there is a need of specific hydrogels that will able to remove bacterial from the wounded site so it will prevent further infection and enhance the healing process. This study focused on the design and optimization of polysaccharide based hydrogels for the wound treatment. Polysaccharide based hydrogels from Konjac Glucomannan (KGM) and Xanthan gum were developed at different ratio to optimize the physical and chemical properties of the hydrogel that relate to the effectiveness of bacterial removal. Film casting technique was used in the development of the hydrogel film. Konjac Glucomannan (KGM) and Xanthan gum were selected because of their natural polymers properties which are non – toxic, biocompatible and safe to be used. The hydrogels were tested in vitro for bacterial removal efficacy, using E.coli species colonies cultured on a gel inside a petri dish to represent the condition of bacteria infested wound bed. Hydrogel with 50 : 50 % composition blend of KGM-XG was found to be the most effective in the removal of E.coli colonies with 13x103 CFU/mL at 95% water content. Morphological studies of hydrogels showed flat interfacial morphologies, except the sample with 100% of Xanthan without KGM. The results present in this study suggested that the biological activities and adhesion of the hydrogels were not controlled only by the chemical structure but also the composition of compound and the amount of water present in the hydrogels.
Особливості організації навчального процесу в Київській духовній семінарії (друга половина 19 – початок 20 ст.)
Authors: Візер Світлана , Бідун Юрій 
Published: December 2024

The aim of this article is to explore the features of the educational process in the Kyiv Theological Seminary during the second half of the 19th century and the early 20th century. The authors examine the fundamental principles of the functioning of a secondary educational institution of the Russian Orthodox Church. The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism, objectivity, and systematics. First of all, general scientific methods of historical knowledge—analysis, synthesis, and systematic analysis—are employed. Scientific novelty. The educational process at the Kyiv Theological Seminary during the late 19th and early 20th centuries is analyzed as an integral part of the spiritual education system of the Russian Empire on the Ukrainian lands. The study demonstrates the Russification-oriented nature of this process. Conclusions. The theological seminaries were a significant component of spiritual education in the Russian Empire, designed to train clergy as leaders of the imperial ideology within society. The Kyiv Theological Seminary was an integral part of this system, without any particular distinguishing features compared to other seminaries across the Empire. In the second half of the 19th century, a deliberate process of unification and centralization in the educational sphere was underway, with the 1867 and 1884 Seminary Statutes playing a crucial role. The educational process, as well as the overall activities of the Kyiv Theological Seminary, were strictly controlled by the Educational Committee of the Holy Synod. The curriculum was highly regulated and structured. Seminary students were under constant supervision by their instructors, ensuring their loyalty, if not devotion, to the Russian imperial regime. Graduation from the Kyiv Theological Seminary provided access to admission to the Kyiv Theological Academy, but only 1% of seminarians chose to continue their studies there.
БОЛАШАҚ ИНФОРМАТИКА МҰҒАЛІМДЕРІН STEM БІЛІМ БЕРУГЕ ДАЯРЛАУДЫҢ ӘДІСНАМАЛЫҚ НЕГІЗДЕРІ
Authors: Әбілқасымова А.Е. , Қаратаева М.С. , Беркімбаев К.М. 
Published: December 2024

Мақалада информатика білім беру бағдарламасы бойынша болашақ информатика мұғалімдерін STEM білім беруге даярлаудың құрылымы қарастырылады, ол студенттердің кәсіби даярлау жүйесінің құрамдас бөлігі болып табылады. «Педагогикалық білім беру» бағыты бойынша студенттер мен түлектерді даярлау сапасын бағалау тұрғысынан болашақ информатика мұғалімдерін кәсіби даярлаудың әдіснамалық ұстанымдары талданды. «STEM Білім беру» тұжырымдалды, болашақ информатика мұғалімдерін даярлау бойынша білім беру бағдарламасының оқыту нәтижелері топтарға бөлінді. «STEM – білім беру» ұғымының құрылымы мен мазмұны анықталды, болашақ информатика мұғалімдерін STEM білім беруге даярлаудың құрылымдық-функциональдық моделі ұсынылды, ол мақсатты, әдіснамалық, мазмұнды, процессуалдық және рефлексивті блоктардан құралды.
STEM білім берудің мақсатты блогы мотивациялық, когнитивті-мазмұнды, белсенді, өлшемді-рефлексивті компоненттермен анықталды.
Зерттеудің әдіснамалық блогы педагогикалық білім бойынша студенттерді STEM - білім беруге даярлығы интегративті, трансдисциплинарлық, жүйелік іс-әрекеттік, технологиялық ұстанымдарға негізделді.
Процессуалдық блок, STEM білім беруге болаашақ информатика мұғалімдерін кәсіби іс-әрекетке дайындық кезінде қолданылатын оқыту формаларын, оқыту әдістерін және оқыту құралдарын қамтиды.
Рефлексивті бағалау блогында студенттерді STEM білім беруге даярлау процесі нақтыланды, яғни студенттердің STEM білімі беру қызметін талдап, оны бағалап және қызмет нәтижелерін оқу міндеттері мен мақсаттарымен салыстырылды.
Информатика студенттерін STEM білім беру іc-әрекетіне даярлығын қалыптастыруды жүзеге асырудың дидактикалық шарттары анықталды. Зерттеу нәтижесінде STEM-білім беруге студенттердің даярлығы қалыптасады.Мақалада STEM білім беруге болашақ мұғалімдерді даярлаудың құрылымдық – функционалдық моделі ұсынылды, тұжырымдалған қорытынды жоғары білім беру жүйесінде оқыту нәтижелері мен бағалау құралдарын бойынша ұсыныстар жасалды.
An Overview of Pharmacology of Luteolin
Authors: Kumar Nitesh , Singh Divya , Jangir Surbhi , Sharma Rakesh 
Published: December 2024

Luteolin is a Flavonoids recognized for its potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and gastro protective properties, which collectively contribute to its relevance in promoting gastric health. Luteolin is widely found in various natural sources, particularly in fruits, vegetables, and herbs. An increasing amount of evidence suggests that Flavonoids intake may play an important role in health through regulating metabolism, weight, chronic illness, and cell proliferation.1 It exhibits gastro protective effects by enhancing the secretion of gastric mucus and bicarbonate, which are crucial for maintaining the mucosal barrier. These combined actions not only safeguard the gastric lining against harmful substances, such as NSAIDs like aspirin, but also facilitate the recovery of the gastric mucosa following injury. Thus, Luteolin emerges as a promising natural compound for the prevention and management of gastric disorders, emphasizing its therapeutic potential in supporting gastrointestinal health.
Keywords – Luteolin, Peptic ulcer, NSAID, Gastro protective, Flavonoids.
Identifikasi Spesies Candida Pada Pasien Kandidiasis Vulvovaginalis dan Faktor Risikonya
Authors: Masfufatun Masfufatun , Tri Ratnasari Diana , Narotama Harya , Purbowati Rini , Indahsari Noer Kumala , Tjandra Lusiani 
Published: December 2024

Latar belakang: Candidiasis Vulvovaginalis (KVV) merupakan infeksi pada vulva dan/atau vagina akibat pertumbuhan berlebih dari Candida sp, terutama pada wanita usia reproduksi. Penyakit ini dapat mengganggu kesehatan fisik dan mental penderita. Berbagai laporan menyatakan bahwa Candida albicans merupakan agen aktif etiologi utama pada infeksi ini. Namun, spesies non-Candida albicans baru-baru ini muncul. Jadi tampaknya ada perubahan pola spesies Candida pada KVV. Tujuan: menganalisis faktor risiko dan mengidentifikasi spesies Candida pada pasien KVV di Surabaya. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan desain cross-sectional yang melibatkan 67 subjek penelitian dari pasien Klinik Ibu dan Anak Surabaya dengan keluhan keputihan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode anamnesis, pengisian kuesioner, pemeriksaan fisik dan klinis, serta pemeriksaan laboratorium. Sampel sekresi/keputihan vagina pasien diambil menggunakan usapan steril dan diperiksa secara mikrobiologis dengan menumbuhkannya pada media Sabraoud Dextrose Agar (SDA). Isolat yang tumbuh pada media SDA diidentifikasi sebagai spesies Candida melalui produksi Chlamydoconidia pada media Corn Meal Agar, pembentukan tabung germinal dan kultur pada CHROMAgar. Analisis data faktor risiko dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji chi-square dengan tingkat signifikansi p<0,05. Hasil: Sebanyak 26 (38,84%) sampel dari 67 pasien dinyatakan positif KVV. Frekuensi tertinggi berada pada rentang usia 25 hingga 45 tahun, menggunakan kontrasepsi dan douches vagina. Gejala yang paling umum di antara pasien adalah keputihan abnormal dan iritasi vagina yang berhubungan dengan keputihan abnormal. Ada hubungan antara usia, penggunaan kontrasepsi, dan douches vagina dengan kejadian KVV (p<0,05). Hasil identifikasi Candida spp menunjukkan bahwa Candida albicans (44,5%) dan Candida glabrata (42,4%) lebih dominan pada pasien KVV dibandingkan spesies Candida lainnya. Kesimpulan: Usia, pemakaian alat kontrasepsi dan obat pembersih vagina merupakan faktor resiko KVV. Spesies C. albicans dan C. glabrata mendominasi spesies candida hasil isolasi dari pasien KVV. Oleh karena itu hasil klinis dan laboratorium perlu diperhatikan dan dipertimbangkan dalam memberikan pengobatan terbaik.
PENAMBAHAN TONGKOL JAGUNG PADA BATUBARA TERHADAP PERFORMA PLTU 2X150 DENGAN PROSES CO-FIRING MENGGUNAKAN SIMULASI CYCLE-TEMPO
Authors: Riyan Hidayat  , Ena Marlina  , Artono Raharjo  
Published: December 2024

Co-firng ialah pembakaran yang terjadi antara dua pembakaran yang jenisnya berbeda. Dengan tujuan meredakan emisi gas buang dari pembangkit. didalam penelitian ini memakai metode simulasi menggunakan softwer cycle-tempo, dengan bahan yang digunakan beruap heat balance dari PLTU 2X150 MW, bahan bakar yang digunakan berjenis batubara dengan nilai HHV 4200 cal/gram. Pada penelitian ini analisa pengaruh bahan bakar biomass tongkol jagung dan batubara dengan proses co-firing dan biomaass yang dipakai berupa biomamass tongkol jagung sebab minimnya sulfur dan rasio pencampuran batubara dan biomass 0%, 25%, dan 50%. didalam penelitin ini, melakukan analisis terhadap daya performa dan efisiensi boiler, performa pembangkit, daya auxiliary, net power, net plant heat rate (NPHR). Hasil dari penelitian ini Pada performa dan efisiensi boiler menunjukkan peningkatan daya dan juga efisiensi pada rasio 0% atau 100% batubara dengan nilai sebesar 28.702,97 kW, efisiensi 82% dan terjadi penurunan daya dan efisiensi pada rasio campuran 25% dengan menjadi 28.427,09 kW, dengan efisiensi 81%, pada daya rasio campuran 50% dengan nilai daya 28.122,75 kW, dengan efisiensi 79%. Terjadi penurunan daya yang dihasilkan auxiliary sendiri pada rasio campuran 50% dengan nilai sebesar 4598,89 kW.
Threat factors from Lancet-type adversary UAVs and means of engineering protection against them, including the use of pre-detonation screens
Authors: Bilyk Artem , Kashuba Yaroslav 
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes the known parameters of the Russian Lancet-type unmanned aerial vehicles and the threats they pose to military equipment and facilities. Formulas and calculation parameters of damage factors are presented. The mechanisms of destruction of protective materials under the action of these factors were analyzed. It is shown that the main safety during the detonation of the warhead is provided by the cumulative jet. Calculations of engineering defense systems to increase the survivability of military equipment and structures were carried out. It has been proven that shelters should have both pre-detonation screens and an internal protective shell to neutralize all damage factors. Calculated distances at which the cumulative jet does not pose a significant danger and the combat part of unmanned aerial vehicles can be considered as high-explosive fragmentation. The proposed classification of the engineering protection system to increase the survivability of military equipment and structures, by categories, material and degree of protection. The main requirements that protective pre-detonation screens must meet are formulated. Examples of effective options for the arrangement of protective pre-detonation screens are considered, in particular, based on circular weaving nets. The strength of such products has been confirmed by numerical simulations in software complexes based on the finite element method, as well as by full-scale experiments conducted abroad. It was noted that mesh and lattice pre-detonation screens by themselves do not provide full protection, they are only able to create a safe distance from the anti-aircraft missile to the possible point of explosion of the combat part of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and also increase the chance of its trajectory being distorted and the detonator not detonating when it collides with the screen.