bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-receptor Type N22 (PTPN22) Gene Functional Polymorphism (1858T) is not Associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Kuwaiti Patients
Authors: Al-Awadhi Adel M. , Haider Mohammad Z. , Sukumaran Jalaja , Hasan Eman AH , Bartella Youssef A. 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic disorder characterized by an inflammation of synovial tissue in joints resulting in pain, deformities and affects the quality of life. The gene for protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 22 (PTPN22) encodes a lymphoid specific phosphatase (LYP), which serves as a negative regulator of T lymphocyte activation and is associated with a number of autoimmune/chronic diseases in various ethnic groups.

Objective:
This study was undertaken to investigate an association between PTPN22 gene functional polymorphism (C1858T; rs2476601) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Kuwaiti Arabs. The frequency of this candidate locus was compared between Kuwaiti RA patients and the controls and with that reported from other populations.

Methods:
The study was carried out in 191 Kuwaiti RA patients and 214 healthy controls. The diagnosis of RA was carried out according to the guidelines of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR). The genotypes of PTPN22 gene (C1858T) polymorphism were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and confirmed by DNA sequence analysis in RA patients and controls.

Results:
The TT genotype of PTPN22 gene functional polymorphism C1858T was found in 2/191 (1%) in RA patients compared to 2/214 (1%) in the controls (P = 1.0). In contrast, heterozygous CT genotype was detected in 3/191 (1.57%) RA patients compared to 32/214 (14.9%) in the controls. The CC genotype was detected in 186/191 (97.38%), RA patients while it was detected in 180/214 (84.1%) of the controls. The two RA patients who carried the homozygous variant (TT) genotype were both positive for rheumatoid factor (RF) and did not have any extra-articular manifestations. Amongst the Kuwaiti RA patients, 27% had a family history of RA. No correlation was found between the activity/severity of the disease and PTPN22 gene polymorphism genotypes.

Conclusion:
This study did not find an association between the PTPN22 gene functional polymorphism (C1858T) and clinical manifestation and activity/severity of RA in Kuwaiti Arabs. This is in sharp contrast to previous reports from Caucasian and some other populations in which a positive association of PTPN22 gene (C1858T) polymorphism with genetic susceptibility to RA has been reported.
Epidermal Growth Factor rs4444903 A>G Gene Polymorphism Association with Chronic Hepatitis B Liver Disease Progression among Egyptian Children: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Mohamed Amal A. , Hakeem Gehan L.A. , Babrs Gihan M. , Abolfotoh Laila E. , Shehata Nageh M. , Maher Sheren E. , Mousa Suzan M. , Ismail Ahlam M. , Ezzat Doaa , Habib Ahmed G.K. , Ghaith Doaa M. , Fawazy Naglaa , Khattab Rania A. , Habib Eman El S. , El-Hassib Dalia M. Abd , Abd-Elsalam Sherief , El-damasy Dalia A. 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Polymorphisms of genes encoding the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines can affect the clinical presentation of the infection. We aimed to assess the role of EGF gene single-nucleotide polymorphism in the outcome of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in children.

Methods:
One hundred HBV-infected children and 75 healthy matched controls were enrolled in this prospective study. Patients included 18 chronic inactive and 82 chronic active carriers. EGF rs4444903 A>G genotypes were determined using allele-specific amplification.

Results:
Significant differences regarding EGF genotypic frequency (p=0.001) in patients compared to controls (p=0.001). Eighteen percent were inactive, and 82% were active carriers. AA, AG and GG genotypic frequency were 66.7%, 33.3%, 0% and were 3.7%, 37.8% and 58.5% in the inactive and active carriers, respectively, with significant differences regarding AA, AG, GG genotypic frequency (p=0.001 for all). EGF AA, AG, GG genotypes frequency were 1.9%, 33.3%, and 64.8%, respectively, with significant differences between cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients regarding AA, AG, GG genotypic frequency (p=0.001 for all).

Conclusion:
Increased G allele frequency in EGF rs4444903 A > G polymorphism in HBV- Egyptian children is associated with worse outcomes.
Simulating Ultrasound Piezoelectric Power Transfer in the Near Field and
Experimental Validations
Authors: Mohammed Ammar , Mo Changki , Miller John , Lowry David , Alhamid Jassim 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Acoustic power transfer is a method for wireless energy transfer to implanted
medical devices that permits a greater range of separation between transmitter and receiver
than is possible with inductive power transfer. In some cases, short-distance ultrasonic power
transfer may be employed; consequently, their operation may be complicated by the near-field aspects
of piezoelectric acoustic energy transfer.

Methods:
A piezoelectric energy transfer system consisting of two lead zirconate titanate (PZT)
transducers was analyzed in this work using a combination of experimental measurements and
computer simulations.

Results:
Simulations using the COMSOL Software package showed good agreement with measured
output voltage as a function of the distance between and alignment of the transmitter and receiver
with water as a medium. We also simulated how operating frequency affects power transfer
efficiency at various distances between the transmitter and receiver and found reasonable agreement
with experiments. We report model predictions for power transfer efficiency as a function of
the thickness and diameter of the transmitter and receiver.

Conclusion:
The results show that with proper choice of parameters, piezoelectric systems can
provide high power transfer efficiency in the near-field region.
Preliminary Study on Major Phenolic Groups, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Capacity of Tuckeroo (Cupaniopsis Anacardioides) Fruit Extracts
Authors: Pham Ngoc M.Q. , Vuong Quan V. , Sakoff Jennette A. , Bowyer Michael C. , Scarlett Christopher J. 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Tuckeroo (Cupaniopsis anacardioides) is one of eleven species that belongs
to the Sapindaceae family, which is native to Australia.

Objective:
This study screened major phenolic groups from fresh or dried whole fruits, or just their
skin.

Methods:
Using optimal ultrasound assisted extraction conditions with either acetone (50%) or
methanol (50%) as extraction solvents. This study further tested their antioxidant capacity and cytotoxic
activity against a panel of ten cancer cell lines for their potential health benefits.

Results:
The results showed that levels of major phenolic groups were significantly different with
solvents used or types of materials (whole fruit or skin). The extract from dried skin fruit using acetone
50 % (SD-A50) had the highest level of total phenolic content(112.47 mg GAE/g) and total
flavonoid content (101.89 mg CAE/g); however, the extract from fresh skin (SF-A50) had the greatest
proanthocyanidin content (124.22 mg CAE/g). This SF-A50 extract also showed the strongest
antioxidant activity and had the highest growth inhibition and the lower dose response (GI50 values
of 20-145 μg/mL) against the HT29 (colon); U87, SJ-G2 (glioblastoma); MCF-7 (Breast);
A2780 (ovarian); H460 (lung); A431 (skin); Du145 (prostate); BE2-C (neuroblastoma); and MIA
PaCa-2 (pancreas) cancer cell line, revealing its therapeutic potential.

Conclusions:
Fourteen major compounds, including catechin were detected from the Tuckeroo fruit
extract; future studies are recommended to further isolate, identify and test the health potentials
from group and individual compounds of the Tuckeroo fruit extract.
SARS-CoV-2: Evaluation and Evolution
Authors: Bedda Loay , Mahmoud Fayrouz , Elkhateib Radwa , Dawoud Alyaa , Gamal Hassan , Abdelsattar Abdallah S. , El-Shibiny Ayman 
Published: July 2021

:
The emerging new COVID 2019 pandemic, which started in 2019 in China (Wuhan)
and is caused by SARS-CoV-2, raises critical concerns due to high morbidity and mortality. As
many patients are infected and the numbers still increase, this may suggest that there are different
variants of the virus and some of them are more pathogenic. Besides, the virus is suspected to have
various evolutionary pathways since SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the RNA viruses’ family, which is
characterized by a high mutation rate. Additionally, it is crucial to understand the life cycle of the
virus to be able to urge antiviral studies. Genotyping studies about viruses are also important in order
to understand the transmission and evolution of the virus. The genome of SARS-CoV-2 has a
furin-like cleavage site in its S protein that may affect its pathogenicity. It was found that insertions
and deletions in S protein have an impact on the transmission and fusion of the virus. The single nucleotide
polymorphisms (SNP) genotypes are used to track the relationship of virus isolates. Sequence
alignment revealed the presence of hundreds of inter-host mutations during person-to-person
transmission. Furthermore, genetic recombination provided a second mechanism for virus evolution.
In this review, we highlight the life cycle of the virus and methods of virus evolution caused
by mutations or recombination of viral genomes
The significance of coronavirus infection in the development of reproductive and lower urinary tract lesions
Authors: Ibishev Kh. S. , Atadzhanova A. T. , Mamedov E. A. , Vasilyev O. N. 
Published: July 2021

The impact of COVID-19 on the organs of the genitourinary system is of particular interest to the urologist. There is insufficient information about this influence up to date. The studies are actively developing and require long-term data analysis to determine possible long-term complications, persistent changes in physiological parameters and anatomical and histological structures, as well as to establish the possibility of regression of these changes and complications. The results obtained will undoubtedly improve not only the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of coronavirus infection and its complications, but also make it possible to predict certain disease's outcomes and changes in the function of organs and systems. In turn, this will give an understanding of the measures that need to be taken to completely avoid or minimize these complications and changes.This review focuses on the impact of COVID-19 on genitourinary organs, particularly its place in the development of the lower urinary tract and reproductive organs lesions, as well as the role of androgens in the course of SARS-CoV-2.
Relapses of urethral strictures associated with a pelvic ring fracture and osteosynthesis: the features of treatment and prevention
Authors: Glukhov V. P. , Ilyash A. V. , Mitusov V. V. , Kubasov D. O. , Pilieva A. V. , Khoronko Yu. V. , Kogan M. I. 
Published: July 2021

Introduction. Pelvic ring fracture with complex bone fragments displacement is associated with the urethral distraction injury in about 10% of cases. Emergency care for these patients includes the provision of trauma management and urinary diversion followed by delayed urethroplasty.Purpose of the study. To determine the effect of extramedullary osteosynthesis in a pelvic ring fracture on the outcome of treatment in patients with post-traumatic urethral strictures.Materials and methods. The study included 17 patients with post-traumatic urethral strictures associated with pelvic ring fractures (Types B, C). The average age of the patients was 35.8 ± 10.2 (19 - 61) yrs. All patients underwent submerged osteosynthesis and cystostomy drainage as an emergency. Localization of strictures: 10 (58.8%) - membranous, 7 (41.2%) - bulbo-membranous. Length of strictures: 1.47 ± 0.5 (0.5 - 2.5) cm. Post-traumatic period: 6.6 ± 1.3 (4 - 10) mo.Results. All patients underwent anastomotic urethroplasty. No early postoperative complications were identified. Spontaneous urination was restored by 14 - 15 days in all patients. Early urethral stricture relapses were revealed in 9 (52.9%) patients during 3-mo follow-up. These patients underwent removal of the metal structures fixing the pelvic bones. Repeated urethroplasty was performed a month later. Subsequent relapses of urethral stricture were not detected in any of 17 cases with a median follow-up of 28 (12 - 128) mo.Conclusion. Surgical treatment of urethral strictures associated with a pelvic ring fracture and osteosynthesis is advisable after removal of the metal structures fixing the pelvic bones. This is since the excessed retropubic screws protrusion (> 0.2 - 0.3 mm) is associated with a large area of periurethral fibrous inflammation and causes high relapse risks of stricture disease (52.9%) in the case of urethral surgery preceding the removal of metal structures.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and spermatogenesis
Authors: Korshunov M. N. , Korshunova E. S. , Kastrikin Yu. V. , Darenkov S. P. 
Published: July 2021

Introduction. According to the WHO data, depression is a common disease among women and men of reproductive age. One line of the correction of depressive disorders is selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). The ingestions have shown that using SSRIs harms sperm quality. The literature date of evaluation of male fertility after discontinuation of antidepressants is quite limited.Purpose of the study. To evaluate the influence of Fluoxetine intake on semen parameters, sperm DNA fragmentation and hormonal status.Materials and methods. Twenty-five men (mean age - 35.2 ± 4.5 yo) with depression were included in the study. Fluoxetine (20 mg per day) was prescribed to all the patients for 12 wk. Semen parameters, sperm DNA fragmentation, sex hormones levels were measured before-after treatment and 3 mo behind discontinuation.Results. After 12 weeks of the treatment the mean semen volume decreased from 3.1 ± 0.7 to 2.9 ± 0.7 ml (p = 0.638), sperm concentration - from 39.4 ± 18.5 to 34.3 ± 16.8 mln/ml (p = 0.384), sperm motility decreased from 41.7 ± 7.6 to 35.5 ± 7.8% (p < 0.05), the mean percent of normal morphology form - from с 12.7 ± 2.8 to 10.7 ± 2.2% (p < 0.001). Sperm DNA fragmentation increased 16.2 ± 4.9 to 22.2 ± 4.3% (p < 0.001). The mean semen volume, sperm concentration, motility, percentage of normal morphology increased and reverted to the normal levels after 3 mounts of drug discontinuation. Sperm DNA fragmentation index decreased, and it had the values less than before the treatment that positively correlated with the reduction of depression's symptoms. It was not significant dynamics in hormonal parameters before and after the therapy.Conclusion. Using fluoxetine has a reversible negative effect on male fertility. It is important to inform the patients about the temporary side effects of SSRIs in fatherhood planning cases.
La práctica matemática en la Guatemala colonial del siglo XVIII
Authors: Radford Luis 
Published: July 2021

En este artículo discuto elementos de la práctica matemática en la Guatemala colonial del siglo XVIII. La discusión de dicha práctica gira en particular alrededor del libro de matemáticas más antiguo que existe publicado en el período colonial en América Central: la Arithmetica practica del padre Juan José de Padilla, publicado en 1732. En la primera parte del artículo, describo brevemente mi encuentro con el libro de Padilla y los problemas contextuales que encontré para ofrecer una edición facsímil del mismo. En la segunda parte, defino la aproximación historiográfica que utilizo. Argumento que investigar acerca de las prácticas matemáticas históricas es indagar acerca de las matemáticas tal como fueron imaginadas, pensadas y utilizadas dentro de un cierto contexto histórico cultural. También es indagar sobre las maneras en que las matemáticas, los matemáticos, los libros de matemáticas y otros artefactos encajan y responden ideológicamente a las estructuras económicas, políticas y educativas de su tiempo.
El Saber Escolar Matemático En Colombia Y La Constitución De Subjetividades
Authors: Garzón Carlos Alberto 
Published: July 2021

En este artículo se explora la relación compleja entre el saber escolar matemático y la constitución de subjetividad en el contexto colombiano durante el período 1995 – 2013. La investigación se construyó desde la educación matemática crítica (Valero y Skovsmose, 2012) como referente teórico disciplinar, a partir de herramientas metodológicas con elementos categoriales arqueológicos y genealógicos (Foucault, 1979). Además de la búsqueda y construcción de un archivo documental, se trabajó con estudiantes de la sede de Yopal, Casanare, que cursaban el programa de Ingeniería Agronómica de la Universidad de la Salle; con ellos se recolectó información con base en la técnica denominada Grupos de Discusión. Se visibilizaron los discursos y las prácticas en los contextos sociales de encuentro entre sujetos, saberes e instituciones para rastrear el papel que juegan los saberes escolares matemáticos en la construcción de subjetividades. Se hicieron evidentes ejercicios de poder que se ejercen en las prácticas educativas con perfil matemático, generando exclusión y discriminación social. De igual manera, se describieron los escenarios biopolíticos de la educación colombiana direccionados por los intereses del mercado internacional globalizado.
La constitución de subjetividades éticas y políticas en la formación crítica de profesores de matemáticas
Authors: Torres-Duarte José 
Published: July 2021

El presente artículo expone los resultados de una investigación doctoral que partió del reconocimiento que los discursos producen realidades y subjetividades. Llama la atención la emergencia de discursos gubernamentales sobre la formación crítica de profesores de matemáticas para la transformación individual y social de la población colombiana. La investigación que se reporta, quiso dar cuenta de las prácticas discursivas que se construyen desde 2000 hasta 2015, para establecer el tipo de ser profesor de matemáticas que se produce y esto relacionarlo con las preocupaciones de tipo social del país. Esta problematización se abordó haciendo uso de la caja de herramientas arqueológicas y genealógicas foucaultianas, pues ellas permiten abordar la subjetividad como producto de un complejo entramado de relaciones de saber y poder.
Se logra mostrar como sobre la formación crítica de profesores por lo menos se observan dos registros que se oponen en sus finalidades sociales, particularmente los discursos gubernamentales producen subjetividades de profesores con una idea de crítica como pensamiento crítico para resolver problemas asociados a la producción y consumo material e inmaterial, es decir, estos discursos fabrican subjetividades útiles al sistema económico hegemónico.
Develar esta normalidad, desnaturalizarla, dejar de aceptarla como buena o necesaria en sí misma, permite establecer la emergencia de sujetos profesores de matemáticas que propongan maneras distintas de ser en relación con otra idea de crítica ligada a la formación democrática, a la ciudadanía crítica, a la paz y la justicia social.
AN ANALYSIS OF LANGUAGE STYLE REFLECTING POLITENESS IN QORYGORE’S VIDEO
Authors: Maharani Lutfiana , Fadloeli Odo 
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze various styles of language and also politeness in them. The first phase in this project is by watching a video from one of the youtubers named Qorygore. The second phase, records what or what utterances are said on the video. Then in the third phase, it starts analyzing the language style and politeness. During the analysis of the data, the researcher try to find the utterances are related to language style and politeness, and the type of language style found in this result of analysis data are formal and casual style, while the thing that reflects the politeness that is more dominant is negative politeness. Keywords: Language Style, Negative/Positive Politeness
ENGLISH COMPOUND WORDS USED IN THE JAKARTA POST HEALTH COLUMN ON THIRD WEEK OF APRIL 2020
Authors: Sisvinda Felix Stefani 
Published: July 2021

This study aims to describe the formation and the meaning of compound words that related to COVID-19 pandemics used in The Jakarta Post’s Health Column Article on Third Week of April 2020. There are two research question in this study: (1) What are the type of COVID-19 compound words and their lexical categories found in The Jakarta Post’s Health Column Article on Third Week of April 2020, and (2) How does those related COVID-19 compound words create meaning. To answer the research question, the writer uses the theory of morphology and semantics. The findings showed that there are 26 compound words in The Jakarta Post’s Health Column on the third week of April 2020. Based on the type of compound words, there are 86.4% compound noun, 11.5% compound adjective, and 3.9% compound verb. The most dominant lexical category is from compound nouns which are Noun+Noun and Adjective + Noun. Based on the meaning of compound words, there are are 80.76% endocentric compounds and 19.24% exocentric compounds.Keywords: Compound words, COVID-19, Morphology, Semantics
A SOCIOLINGUISTIC ANALYSIS OF INDOGLISH PHENOMENON IN SOUTH JAKARTA
Authors: Wijaya Angelina Diva , Bram Barli 
Published: July 2021

This paper investigated the variety of code-mixing expressions in the Indoglish phenomenon which happens in South Jakarta or Jaksel, for short. Interestingly, Indoglish has become a communication means among teenagers. The researchers chose this topic since it went viral and interesting. This research was conducted to identify the words which are frequently used as Indoglish expressions. The researchers used sociolinguistic analysis as the method of this study. There were 12 tweets from 8 websites to be investigated. The data were then identified and analyzed to explore the Indoglish phenomenon. Results showed there were 78 English words from 12 tweets in eight websites, revealing the four most frequently words as Indoglish expressions. The Indoglish phenomenon was popular among teenagers in the bilingual or mulitilingual society when communicating with their online friends, for example when making jokes and Indoglish was considered prestigious.
THE USE OF BRITISH BROADCASTING CORPORATION (BBC) PODCAST IN EFL STUDENTS' LISTENING SKILL IN IAIN PALANGKA RAYA
Authors: Rachmiati Desy , Qalyubi Imam , Qamariah Zaitun 
Published: July 2021

A podcast is a digital multimedia file that can be downloaded to a portable media player, phone, or other device via the internet. There are many audio podcast that can be used in learning listening, one of them is British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) podcast. This research aimed to describe how the contribution and the problems in using British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) podcast in EFL students’ listening skill. This research was conducted at IAIN Palangka Raya. The type of this study was a qualitative approach. The data was taken from interview and documentation. Eight EFL students and two lecturers in IAIN Palangka Raya were the subjects of this research. They were determined by purposive sampling technique. The findings reveal that the use of British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) podcast give positive contribution to students’ listening skill. Based on the result of the research using British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) podcast can develop students’ listening skill, vocabularies and they will be familiar with British accent. The problems in using the BBC podcast faced by the students were unfamiliar pronunciation, lack of vocabularies, and the speaker who spoke fast. Keywords: Podcast, British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) podcast, EFL students, listening skill