bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compromised ‘consent’ in Australian Family Law Proceedings
Authors: Kaye Miranda , Booth Tracey , Wangmann Jane 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Most people whose relationships breakdown are able to reach agreement about parenting and financial matters outside the Australian family court system. Even for those parties who commence litigation, the emphasis remains on reaching an agreement with the vast majority of matters being resolved by consent orders rather than judicial determination. Reaching agreement in relation to parenting and property matters is stressful, and this stress is exacerbated once legal proceedings have commenced.
Drawing on data from a large study that explored the experiences of self-represented litigants (SRLs) in Australian family law proceedings involving allegations about family violence, this article examines the pressures experienced by female SRLs, who are victims of family violence, to consent to orders. These pressures include: judicial pressure, lawyers’ practices, fear of their former partner, and the financial and emotional costs of litigation. These pressures are significant and can impede the extent to which these agreements can be viewed as consensual. Participants reported that these significant and intersecting pressures resulted in them ‘agreeing’ to orders that they saw as unsafe, or financial orders that were less than they were entitled to. Whilst these orders are subject to judicial scrutiny; this study raises questions about the quality and utility of resultant consent orders.
Role of host galaxy in the formation of multiple stellar populations: analysis of NGC 1786 and NGC 1898
Authors: Vanaraj Viswajith , Niederhofer Florian , Goudfrooij Paul 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
Even after decades of research, the origin of multiple stellar populations in globular clusters (GCs) remains enigmatic. The question as to whether the galaxy environment plays a role in their formation remains unanswered. To that extent, we analysed two classical (&gt;10 Gyr old) Large Magellanic Cloud GCs, NGC 1786 and NGC 1898, using imaging data from Hubble Space Telescope to compare and contrast them with ancient Galactic GCs to assess systematic differences that might exist between their abundance variations. We calculated their red giant branch width, subtracted the effect of metallicity, and compared it with the available data on Galactic GCs by plotting them against initial and current cluster mass. We see that the two clusters follow the same general trend as that of the Galactic GCs, and Galactic GCs from different progenitors follow the same general trend as one another, indicating that the galaxy environment may only play a minor role in the formation of multiple stellar populations within GCs.
V404 Cygni with Fermi-LAT
Authors: Harvey Max , Rulten Cameron B , Chadwick Paula M 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
We revisit the well-studied outburst of the low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) system V404 Cygni, and claims of γ-ray excesses observed with the Fermi-LAT instrument. Upon analysing an 11.5 yr data set with the 8-yr LAT point source catalogue and 8-yr background models, we find no evidence to suggest that there is high energy γ-ray emission during the outburst period (or at any other time) from V404 Cygni. This is due to the proximity of V404 Cygni to the γ-ray emitting blazar B2023+336, a luminous source approximately 0.3○ away, which causes source confusion at the position of V404 Cygni, the luminous γ-ray background, and the use of older background models and catalogues in previous studies.
Morphology of weak lensing convergence maps
Authors: Munshi D , Namikawa T , McEwen J D , Kitching T D , Bouchet F R 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
We study the morphology of convergence maps by perturbatively reconstructing their Minkowski functionals (MFs). We present a systematic study using a set of three generalized skew spectra as a function of source redshift and smoothing angular scale. These spectra denote the leading-order corrections to the Gaussian MFs in the quasi-linear regime. They can also be used as independent statistics to probe the bispectrum. Using an approach based on pseudo-Sℓs, we show how these spectra will allow the reconstruction of MFs in the presence of an arbitrary mask and inhomogeneous noise in an unbiased way. Our theoretical predictions are based on a recently introduced fitting function to the bispectrum. We compare our results against state-of-the-art numerical simulations and find an excellent agreement. The reconstruction can be carried out in a controlled manner as a function of angular harmonics ℓ and source redshift zs, which allows for a greater handle on any possible sources of non-Gaussianity. Our method has the advantage of estimating the topology of convergence maps directly using shear data. We also study weak lensing convergence maps inferred from cosmic microwave background observations, and we find that, though less significant at low redshift, the post-Born corrections play an important role in any modelling of the non-Gaussianity of convergence maps at higher redshift. We also study the cross-correlations of estimates from different tomographic bins.
TESS survey of rotational and pulsational variability of mercury–manganese stars
Authors: Kochukhov O , Khalack V , Kobzar O , Neiner C , Paunzen E , Labadie-Bartz J , David-Uraz A 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
Mercury–manganese (HgMn) stars are late-B upper main sequence chemically peculiar stars distinguished by large overabundances of heavy elements, slow rotation, and frequent membership in close binary systems. These stars lack strong magnetic fields typical of magnetic Bp stars but occasionally exhibit non-uniform surface distributions of chemical elements. The physical origin and the extent of this spot formation phenomenon remain unknown. Here, we use 2-min cadence light curves of 64 HgMn stars observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) during the first 2 yr of its operation to investigate the incidence of rotational modulation and pulsations among HgMn stars. We found rotational variability with amplitudes of 0.1–3 mmag in 84 per cent of the targets, indicating ubiquitous presence of star-spots on HgMn-star surfaces. Rotational period measurements reveal six fast-rotating stars with periods below 1.2 d, including one ultra-fast rotator (HD 14228) with a 0.34-d period. We also identify several HgMn stars showing multiperiodic g-mode pulsations, tidally induced variation and eclipses in binary systems.
An orbital release model for the Orion BN/KL fingers
Authors: Raga A C , Rivera-Ortiz P R , Cantó J , Rodríguez-González A , Castellanos-Ramírez A 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
We present a simple model in which the bullets that produce the ‘Orion fingers’ (ejected by the BN/KL object) are interpreted as protoplanets or low-mass protostars in orbit around a high-mass star that has a supernova explosion. As the remnant of the SN explosion has only a small fraction of the mass of the pre-supernova star, the orbiting objects then move away in free trajectories, preserving their orbital velocity at the time of release. We show that a system of objects arranged in approximately coplanar orbits results in trajectories with morphological and kinematical characteristics resembling the Orion fingers. We show that, under the assumption of constant velocity motions, the positions of the observed heads of the fingers can be used to reconstruct the properties of the orbital structure from which they originated, resulting in a compact disc with an outer radius of ∼2.4 au.
Sexual Antagonism, Temporally Fluctuating Selection, and Variable Dominance Affect a Regulatory Polymorphism in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Glaser-Schmitt Amanda , Wittmann Meike J , Ramnarine Timothy J S , Parsch John 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Understanding how genetic variation is maintained within species is a major goal of evolutionary genetics that can shed light on the preservation of biodiversity. Here, we examined the maintenance of a regulatory single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the X-linked Drosophila melanogaster gene fezzik. The derived variant at this site is at intermediate frequency in many worldwide populations but absent in populations from the ancestral species range in sub-Saharan Africa. We collected and genotyped wild-caught individuals from a single European population biannually over a period of 5 years, which revealed an overall difference in allele frequency between the sexes and a consistent change in allele frequency across seasons in females but not in males. Modeling based on the observed allele and genotype frequencies suggested that both sexually antagonistic and temporally fluctuating selection may help maintain variation at this site. The derived variant is predicted to be female-beneficial and mostly recessive; however, there was uncertainty surrounding our dominance estimates and long-term modeling projections suggest that it is more likely to be dominant. By examining gene expression phenotypes, we found that phenotypic dominance was variable and dependent upon developmental stage and genetic background, suggesting that dominance may be variable at this locus. We further determined that fezzik expression and genotype are associated with starvation resistance in a sex-dependent manner, suggesting a potential phenotypic target of selection. By characterizing the mechanisms of selection acting on this SNP, our results improve our understanding of how selection maintains genetic and phenotypic variation in natural populations.
Ligand-mediated delivery of RNAi-based therapeutics for the treatment of oncological diseases
Authors: Abdelaal Ahmed M , Kasinski Andrea L 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi)-based therapeutics (miRNAs, siRNAs) have great potential for treating various human diseases through their ability to downregulate proteins associated with disease progression. However, the development of RNAi-based therapeutics is limited by lack of safe and specific delivery strategies. A great effort has been made to overcome some of these challenges resulting in development of N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) ligands that are being used for delivery of siRNAs for the treatment of diseases that affect the liver. The successes achieved using GalNAc-siRNAs have paved the way for developing RNAi-based delivery strategies that can target extrahepatic diseases including cancer. This includes targeting survival signals directly in the cancer cells and indirectly through targeting cancer-associated immunosuppressive cells. To achieve targeting specificity, RNAi molecules are being directly conjugated to a targeting ligand or being packaged into a delivery vehicle engineered to overexpress a targeting ligand on its surface. In both cases, the ligand binds to a cell surface receptor that is highly upregulated by the target cells, while not expressed, or expressed at low levels on normal cells. In this review, we summarize the most recent RNAi delivery strategies, including extracellular vesicles, that use a ligand-mediated approach for targeting various oncological diseases.
The association between dietary patterns and the novel inflammatory markers platelet-activating factor and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2: a systematic review
Authors: English Carolyn J , Mayr Hannah L , Lohning Anna E , Reidlinger Dianne P 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Context
Atherosclerosis is a disease of chronic inflammation. Recent research has identified 2 novel inflammatory biomarkers: platelet-activating factor (PAF) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2). Diet has been proposed as a mediator of inflammation, but to date, the focus for these novel biomarkers has been on individual foods and nutrients rather than overall dietary patterns.

Objective
To systematically review the literature on the association between dietary patterns and PAF and Lp-PLA2.

Data Sources
The PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane CENTRAL literature databases were searched.

Data Analysis
Study quality was evaluated using the Quality Criteria Checklist. Sixteen studies (n = 4 observational and n = 12 interventional) were included and assessed for associations between dietary patterns and PAF and Lp-PLA2.

Conclusion
Study quality varied from neutral (n = 10) to positive (n = 6). Mediterranean, heart healthy, and vegetarian dietary patterns were associated with improved levels of PAF and Lp-PLA2. Conversely, Western dietary patterns were less favorable. A range of well-established, healthier dietary patterns may lower inflammation and the risk of atherosclerosis. More well-designed studies are needed to confirm these findings and identify other dietary patterns that improve inflammation.
Beyond Surviving to Thriving: The Case for a ‘Compassion towards Thriving’ Approach in Public Mental Health Ethics
Authors: Bielby Phil 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this article, I argue for a novel understanding of compassion—what I call a ‘compassion towards thriving’ approach—to inform public mental health ethics. The argument is developed through two main parts. In the first part, I develop an account of compassion towards thriving that builds upon Martha Nussbaum’s philosophical work on compassion. This account expands the ambit of compassion from a focus on the alleviation of existing suffering to the prevention of potential future suffering through the facilitation of personal growth based on a ‘psychosocial’ understanding of mental health. In the second part of the article, I discuss the aims of public mental health and examine compassion towards thriving’s normative synergies with existing approaches in public health ethics. I explain how compassion towards thriving supports a vision of public health ethics which is concerned with solidarity, social justice and flourishing. I then apply this compassion towards thriving approach to evaluate the ‘Every Mind Matters’ public mental health campaign in England, highlighting its affinities with the ethos of the campaign. I also identify and explain two ways in which the application of a compassion towards thriving approach could enhance its delivery.
Daugavet Points in Projective Tensor Products
Authors: Dantas Sheldon , Jung Mingu , Rueda Zoca Abraham 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we are interested in studying when an element z in the projective tensor product $X {\widehat{\otimes}_\pi} Y$ turns out to be a Daugavet point. We prove first that, under some hypothesis, the assumption of $X {\widehat{\otimes}_\pi} Y$ having the Daugavet property implies the existence of a great amount of isometries from Y into X*. Having this in mind, we provide methods for constructing non-trivial Daugavet points in $X {\widehat{\otimes}_\pi} Y$. We show that C(K)-spaces are examples of Banach spaces such that the set of the Daugavet points in $C(K) {\widehat{\otimes}_\pi} Y$ is weakly dense when Y is a subspace of C(K)*. Finally, we present some natural results on when an elementary tensor $x \otimes y$ is a Daugavet point.
Risk, Risk Aversion, and Agricultural Technology Adoption ─ A Novel Valuation Method Based on Real Options and Inverse Stochastic Dominance
Authors: Spiegel Alisa , Britz Wolfgang , Finger Robert 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRisk and risk preferences belong to the key determinants of investment-based technology adoption in agriculture. We develop and apply a novel approach in which an inverse second order stochastic dominance approach is integrated into a stochastic dynamic farm-level model to quantify the effect of both risk and risk aversion on the timing and scale of agricultural technology adoption. Our illustrative example on short rotation coppice adoption shows that risk aversion leads to technology adoption that takes place earlier, but to a smaller extent. In contrast, higher levels of risk exposure lead to postponed but overall larger adoption. These effects would be obscured if technology adoption is not analyzed in a farm-scale context or considered as a now-or-never decision, the still dominant approach in the literature.
An observation of the impact of tailored messages on participant non-compliance during Desire2Move
Authors: Davis Ashlee S , Wilson Kathryn E , Ellis Rebecca 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We assessed the impact of tailored versus targeted messages on program non-compliance during Desire2Move (D2M), an 8-week eHealth program that promotes physical activity (PA). Participants recorded minutes of PA using MapMyFitness, which counted toward their departments’ PA total. Departments were randomized into the targeted messaging (TM) or tailored messaging (TM+) group based on participant-reported goals. Participants who did not provide a goal were assigned to the control group (CG). Eligible participants were employees from invited departments who were non-compliant for at least 1 week of D2M. Upon initial non-compliance, participants across groups received a targeted email message prompting program resumption. For subsequent non-compliance, the TM group continued to receive the same targeted message. The TM+ group received a message tailored to the participant’s program goal. The CG group did not receive additional messages. Participants (n = 149) were mostly female (68.5%), staff (44.3%), with an average age of 43.7 (SD = 11.1). Analyses revealed significant group differences in non-compliance between TM+ (M = 2.6, SD = 1.9) and TM (M = 4.0, SD = 2.1), F(16,88) = 3.4, p &lt; .01; d = .64, and between TM+ (M = 2.6, SD = 1.9) and CG (M = 3.8, SD = 2.1), F(1,74) = 13.3, p &lt; .01; d = .56. There was no significant group difference between TM and CG, F(1,80) = 0.1, p = .75; d = .02. Tailored messages improved individual program compliance. More research is needed to assess the relationship between program compliance and PA behavior change.
Predicting healthcare-seeking behavior based on stated readiness to act: development and validation of a prediction model
Authors: Green Eric P , Pradheep Shyam , Heinzelman Jessica , Nyanchoka Anne , Achieng Daphine , Goyal Siddhartha , Cusson Laura , Kurz A Solomon , Bellows Benjamin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A starting point of many digital health interventions informed by the Stages of Change Model of behavior change is assessing a person’s readiness to change. In this paper, we use the concept of readiness to develop and validate a prediction model of health-seeking behavior in the context of family planning. We conducted a secondary analysis of routinely collected, anonymized health data submitted by 4,088 female users of a free health chatbot in Kenya. We developed a prediction model of (future) self-reported action by randomly splitting the data into training and test data sets (80/20, stratified by the outcome). We further split the training data into 10 folds for cross-validating the hyperparameter tuning step in model selection. We fit nine different classification models and selected the model that maximized the area under the receiver operator curve. We then fit the selected model to the full training dataset and evaluated the performance of this model on the holdout test data. The model predicted who will visit a family planning provider in the future with high precision (0.93) and moderate recall (0.75). Using the Stages of Change framework, we concluded that 29% of women were in the “Preparation” stage, 21% were in the “Contemplation” stage, and 50% were in the “Pre-Contemplation” stage. We demonstrated that it is possible to accurately predict future healthcare-seeking behavior based on information learned during the initial encounter. Models like this may help intervention developers to tailor strategies and content in real-time.
Temperature memory and non-structural carbohydrates mediate legacies of a hot drought in trees across the southwestern USA
Authors: Peltier Drew M P , Guo Jessica , Nguyen Phiyen , Bangs Michael , Wilson Michelle , Samuels-Crow Kimberly , Yocom Larissa L , Liu Yao , Fell Michael K , Shaw John D , Auty David , Schwalm Christopher , Anderegg William R L , Koch George W , Litvak Marcy E , Ogle Kiona 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Trees are long-lived organisms that integrate climate conditions across years or decades to produce secondary growth. This integration process is sometimes referred to as ‘climatic memory.’ While widely perceived, the physiological processes underlying this temporal integration, such as the storage and remobilization of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC), are rarely explicitly studied. This is perhaps most apparent when considering drought legacies (perturbed post-drought growth responses to climate), and the physiological mechanisms underlying these lagged responses to climatic extremes. Yet, drought legacies are likely to become more common if warming climate brings more frequent drought. To quantify the linkages between drought legacies, climate memory and NSC, we measured tree growth (via tree ring widths) and NSC concentrations in three dominant species across the southwestern USA. We analyzed these data with a hierarchical mixed effects model to evaluate the time-scales of influence of past climate (memory) on tree growth. We then evaluated the role of climate memory and the degree to which variation in NSC concentrations were related to forward-predicted growth during the hot 2011–2012 drought and subsequent 4-year recovery period. Populus tremuloides exhibited longer climatic memory compared to either Pinus edulis or Juniperus osteosperma, but following the 2011–2012 drought, P. tremuloides trees with relatively longer memory of temperature conditions showed larger (more negative) drought legacies. Conversely, Pinus edulis trees with longer temperature memory had smaller (less negative) drought legacies. For both species, higher NSC concentrations followed more negative (larger) drought legacies, though the relevant NSC fraction differed between P. tremuloides and P. edulis. Our results suggest that differences in tree NSC are also imprinted upon tree growth responses to climate across long time scales, which also underlie tree resilience to increasingly frequent drought events under climate change.
Evolution and phylogeny of glass-sponge-associated zoantharians, with a description of two new genera and three new species
Authors: Kise Hiroki , Montenegro Javier , Santos Maria E A , Hoeksema Bert W , Ekins Merrick , Ise Yuji , Higashiji Takuo , Fernandez-Silva Iria , Reimer James D 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHexactinellid sponges are important members of deep-sea benthic ecosystems because they provide available hard substrate habitats for filter-feeding invertebrates. However, symbioses between hexactinellid sponges and their symbionts are poorly known. Zoantharians associated with hexactinellid sponges have been reported widely from deep-sea marine ecosystems, either on the bodies or stalks of hexactinellid sponges. Despite these records, there has been a lack of research on their diversity and phylogenetic relationships. In this study, 20 specimens associated with amphidiscophoran and hexasterophoran sponges were collected from the waters of Australia and Japan in the Pacific, and from Curaçao in the southern Caribbean, and these were examined in addition to museum specimens. Based on molecular phylogenetic analyses and morphological observations, we formally describe two new genera and three new species of Zoantharia and report several previously described species. The results suggest at least two independent origins for the symbioses between hexactinellid sponges and zoantharians. Our results demonstrate that the diversity of hexactinellid sponge-associated zoantharians is much higher than has been previously thought. The new taxa described in this work further reconfirm that the deep-sea harbours high levels of undescribed zoantharian diversity.