bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ETV4 mediates the Wnt/β-catenin pathway through transcriptional activation of ANXA2 to promote hepatitis B virus-associated liver hepatocellular carcinoma progression
Authors: Sun Tianfeng , Zhang Jing 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
ETS variant 4 (ETV4) has been implicated in the development of various cancers. However, the molecular events mediated by ETV4 in liver cancer are poorly understood, especially in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC). Here, we aimed to identify the target involved in ETV4-driven hepatocarcinogenesis. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that ETV4 was highly expressed in patients with HBV-associated LIHC, and HBV infection promoted the expression of ETV4 in LIHC cells. Inhibition of ETV4 repressed the proliferation, migration, invasion of LIHC cells and suppressed the secretion of HBV and the replication of HBV DNA. ANXA2 expression in LIHC patients was positively correlated with ETV4 expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase reporter assays revealed that ETV4 elevated the ANXA2 expression at the transcriptional level by binding to the ANXA2 promoter. Overexpression of ANXA2 reversed the inhibitory effect of sh-ETV4 on the malignant biological behaviours of HBV-infected LIHC cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In conclusion, ETV4 mediates the activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway through transcriptional activation of ANXA2 expression to promote HBV-associated LIHC progression.
Traminines A and B, produced by Fusarium concentricum, inhibit oxidative phosphorylation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondria
Authors: Sakai Katsuyuki , Unten Yufu , Kimishima Aoi , Nonaka Kenichi , Chinen Takumi , Sakai Kazunari , Usui Takeo , Shiomi Kazuro , Iwatsuki Masato , Murai Masatoshi , Miyoshi Hideto , Asami Yukihiro , Ōmura Satoshi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Two new tetramic acid derivatives, traminines A (1) and B (2), were isolated from a culture broth of Fusarium concentricum FKI-7550 by bioassay-guided fractionation using multidrug-sensitive Saccharomyces cerevisiae 12geneΔ0HSR-iERG6. The chemical structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated by NMR studies. Compounds 1 and 2 inhibited the growth of the multidrug-sensitive yeast strain on nonfermentable medium containing glycerol, but not on fermentable medium containing glucose. These results strongly suggest that they target mitochondrial machineries presiding over ATP production via oxidative phosphorylation. Throughout the assay monitoring overall ADP-uptake/ATP-release in yeast mitochondria, 1 and 2 were shown to inhibit one or more enzymes involving oxidative phosphorylation. Based on biochemical characterization, we found that the interference with oxidative phosphorylation by 1 is attributable to the dual inhibition of complex III and FoF1-ATPase, whereas that by 2 is solely due to the inhibition of complex III.
Demodex folliculorum (Trombidiformes: Demodicidae) and Demodex brevis Prevalence in an Extreme Environment of Chile
Authors: Gutiérrez Bessy , Soto Rodrigo , Catalán Alejandro , Araya Jorge E , Fuentes Margarita , González Jorge 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The prevalence of mites of the genus Demodex and their associations with host age, gender, workplace, and comorbid skin and ocular conditions were studied in participants in Antofagasta, Chile, which is in a region with an extreme environment. We examined 680 participants aged 18–88 yr using standardized surface skin biopsies. Among them, Demodex had a prevalence of 13.5 % (95% confidence interval, 10.88–16.17). A slightly higher prevalence was observed in males (51.1%; 95% confidence interval, 40.9–61.3; nonsignificant) and participants in the 69–88 yr age group (50.0%; 95% confidence interval, 23.8–76.2; P &lt; 0.05). Regarding the species involved, Demodex folliculorum was found in 89.1% (CI 82.7–95.5) of cases, while D. brevis was found in the remaining 10.9% of cases. A higher prevalence (25.0% CI 16.1–33.91) was observed in participants who worked indoors in generally enclosed and dust-rich environments (such as theaters, libraries, and administrative offices). There was also a strong association between Demodex prevalence and conjunctival hyperemia, with 35.9% (95% confidence interval, 9.1–35; OR 17.9) of the Demodex positive participants having this pathology compared to 10.3% of the noninfested participants. In summary, the prevalence of Demodex in Antofagasta, Chile (13.5%) was toward the lower end of the range reported among other regions around the world. Environmental factors such as exposure to the sun (including ultraviolet rays) or environmental pollution may affect the mites. In addition, Demodex genetics (related to virulence) and the ocular or skin microbiota may positively or negatively influence infestation and pathology.
Neighborhood-Based Socioeconomic Determinants of Cognitive Impairment in Zambian Children With HIV: A Quantitative Geographic Information Systems Approach
Authors: Buda Alexandra , Dean Owen , Adams Heather R , Mwanza-Kabaghe Sylvia , Potchen Michael J , Mbewe Esau G , Kabundula Pelekelo P , Mweemba Milimo , Matoka Beauty , Mathews Manoj , Menon J Anitha , Wang Bo , Birbeck Gretchen L , Bearden David R 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundPlace-based inequalities, such as exposure to violence and access to nutritious food and clean water, may contribute to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated cognitive impairment. In this study, we investigated neighborhood effects on cognition in children and adolescents with HIV in Lusaka, Zambia.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study of 208 children with perinatally acquired HIV (ages 8–17) and 208 HIV-exposed uninfected controls. Participants underwent neuropsychological testing and interviews assessing socioeconomic status. Geographic regions with clusters of participants with HIV and cognitive impairment were identified using quantitative geographic information systems (QGIS) and SaTScan. Associations between location of residence and cognitive function were evaluated in bivariable and multivariable regression models. Mediation analysis was performed to assess direct and indirect effects of location of the residence on cognitive impairment.ResultsResidence in Chawama, one of the poorest neighborhoods in Lusaka, was significantly associated with cognitive impairment in participants with HIV (odds ratio 2.9; P = .005) and remained significant in a multivariable regression model controlling for potential confounders. Mediation analysis found that 46% of the cognitive effects of residence in Chawama were explained by higher rates of malnutrition, lower school attendance, and poorer self-reported health.ConclusionsPlace-based socioeconomic inequality contributes to cognitive impairment in Zambian children and adolescents with HIV. Neighborhood effects may be mediated by concentrated poverty, malnutrition, limited access to education and health care, and other yet unknown environmental factors that may be potentially modifiable.
Searching for Kardashev Type III civilisations from high q-value sources in the LoTSS-DR1 value-added catalogue
Authors: Chen H , Garrett M A 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
Kardashev Type III civilisations have by definition energy requirements that are likely to generate strong excess emission in the mid-infrared (MIR) that is associated with the waste heat they generate. For those civilisations that capture starlight via Dyson sphere like constructions, the Optical to MIR flux ratio of the host galaxies is also expected to be unusually low. Since a wide range of galaxy types adhere to the infrared-radio correlation (IRC), galaxies hosting Type III civilisations should also strongly deviate from this relation. Radio data can therefore play a crucial role in breaking the degeneracy between the effects of dust obscuration in a galaxy and the signature of an energy-intensive civilisation. We have used the newly released LoTSS-DR1 value-added catalogue to create a sample of 16 367 z &lt; 0.2 sources with radio and MIR flux densities, optical photometry and (photometric) redshifts. We calculated the IRC parameter $q^{{\rm 22~\mu m}}_{{\rm 150~MHz}}$ = log(S150 MHz/$S_{22~{\rm \mu m}}$) and identified 21 sources with exceptionally high values of $q^{{\rm 22~\mu m}}_{{\rm 150~MHz}}$, an indication of MIR emission enhanced by a factor of ∼10. Out of the 21 high q-value sources, 4 sources have very red MIR colours, and appear to have relatively low optical/MIR ratios. Two of the four sources are not well known in the literature, they are considered as potential hosts of Type III civilisations. These sources deserve further study and investigation. Finally, we note that extending our analysis to the full LoTSS survey area can place very strong constraints on the incidence of Type III civilisations in the Universe.
De-dimerization of PTB is catalyzed by PDI and is involved in the regulation of p53 translation
Authors: Gong Fu-Xing , Zhan Guoqin , Han Rong , Yang Zhigang , Fu Xin , Xiao Ran 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTB) is an RNA binding protein existing both as dimer and monomer and shuttling between nucleus and cytoplasm. However, the regulation of PTB dimerization and the relationship between their functions and subcellular localization are unknown. Here we find that PTB presents as dimer and monomer in nucleus and cytoplasm respectively, and a disulfide bond involving Cysteine 23 is critical for the dimerization of PTB. Additionally, protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) is identified to be the enzyme that catalyzes the de-dimerization of PTB, which is dependent on the CGHC active site of the a’ domain of PDI. Furthermore, upon DNA damage induced by topoisomerase inhibitors, PTB is demonstrated to be de-dimerized with cytoplasmic accumulation. Finally, cytoplasmic PTB is found to associate with the ribosome and enhances the translation of p53. Collectively, these findings uncover a previously unrecognized mechanism of PTB dimerization, and shed light on the de-dimerization of PTB functionally linking to cytoplasmic localization and translational regulation.
Generation, characterization, and drug sensitivities of 12 patient-derived IDH1-mutant glioma cell cultures
Authors: Verheul Cassandra , Ntafoulis Ioannis , Kers Trisha V , Hoogstrate Youri , Mastroberardino Pier G , Barnhoorn Sander , Payán-Gómez César , Tching Chi Yen Romain , Struys Eduard A , Koolen Stijn L W , Dirven Clemens M F , Leenstra Sieger , French Pim J , Lamfers Martine L M 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Mutations of the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) gene occur in over 80% of low-grade gliomas and secondary glioblastomas. Despite considerable efforts, endogenous in vitro IDH-mutated glioma models remain scarce. Availability of these models is key for the development of new therapeutic interventions.

Methods
Cell cultures were established from fresh tumor material and expanded in serum-free culture media. D-2-Hydroxyglutarate levels were determined by mass spectrometry. Genomic and transcriptomic profiling were carried out on the Illumina Novaseq platform, methylation profiling was performed with the Infinium MethylationEpic BeadChip array. Mitochondrial respiration was measured with the Seahorse XF24 Analyzer. Drug screens were performed with an NIH FDA-approved anti-cancer drug set and two IDH-mutant specific inhibitors.

Results
A set of twelve patient-derived IDHmt cell cultures was established. We confirmed high concordance in driver mutations, copy numbers and methylation profiles between the tumors and derived cultures. Homozygous deletion of CDKN2A/B was observed in all cultures. IDH-mutant cultures had lower mitochondrial reserve capacity. IDH-mutant specific inhibitors did not affect cell viability or global gene expression. Screening of 107 FDA-approved anti-cancer drugs identified nine compounds with potent activity against IDHmt gliomas, including three compounds with favorable pharmacokinetic characteristics for CNS penetration: teniposide, omacetaxine mepesuccinate, and marizomib.

Conclusions
Our twelve IDH-mutant cell cultures show high similarity to the parental tissues and offer a unique tool to study the biology and drug sensitivities of high-grade IDHmt gliomas in vitro. Our drug screening studies reveal lack of sensitivity to IDHmt inhibitors, but sensitivity to a set of nine available anti-cancer agents.
Live-imaging provides an atlas of cellular growth dynamics in the stamen
Authors: Silveira Sylvia R , Le Gloanec Constance , Gómez-Felipe Andrea , Routier-Kierzkowska Anne-Lise , Kierzkowski Daniel 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Development of multicellular organisms is a complex process involving precise coordination of growth among individual cells. Understanding organogenesis requires measurements of cellular behaviors over space and time. In plants, such a quantitative approach has been successfully used to dissect organ development in both leaves and external floral organs, such as sepals. However, the observation of floral reproductive organs is hampered as they develop inside tightly closed floral buds, and are therefore difficult to access for imaging. We developed a confocal time-lapse imaging method, applied here to Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), which allows full quantitative characterization of the development of stamens, the male reproductive organs. Our lineage tracing reveals the early specification of the filament and the anther. Formation of the anther lobes is associated with a temporal increase of growth at the lobe surface that correlates with intensive growth of the developing locule. Filament development is very dynamic and passes through three distinct phases: (1) initial intense, anisotropic growth, and high cell proliferation; (2) restriction of growth and proliferation to the filament proximal region; and (3) resumption of intense and anisotropic growth, displaced to the distal portion of the filament, without cell proliferation. This quantitative atlas of cellular growth dynamics provides a solid framework for future studies into stamen development.
Percutaneous Interventional Strategies for Migraine Prevention: A Systematic Review and Practice Guideline
Authors: Barad Meredith , Ailani Jessica , Hakim Sameh M , Kissoon Narayan R , Schuster Nathaniel M 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the efficacy and effectiveness of percutaneous interventional treatments for prevention of migraine through a qualitative and (when possible) quantitative analysis.MethodsAn expert panel was asked to develop recommendations for the multidisciplinary preventive treatment of migraine, including interventional strategies. The committee conducted a systematic review and (when evidence was sufficient) a meta-analytic review by using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) criteria and the modified Cochrane Risk of Bias analysis available in the Covidence data management program. Clinical questions addressed adults with migraine who should be offered prevention. Examined outcomes included headache days, acute medication use, and functional impairment. Acute management of migraine was outside the scope of this guideline.ResultsThe committee screened 1,195 studies and assessed 352 by full text, yielding 16 randomized controlled trials that met the inclusion criteria.Recommendations and ConclusionsAs informed by evidence related to the preselected outcomes, adverse event profile, cost, and values and preferences of patients, onabotulinumtoxinA received a strong recommendation for its use for chronic migraine prevention and a weak recommendation against its use for episodic migraine prevention. Greater occipital nerve blocks received a weak recommendation for their use for chronic migraine prevention. For greater occipital nerve block, steroid received a weak recommendation against its use vs the use of local anesthetic alone. Occipital nerve with supraorbital nerve blocks, sphenopalatine ganglion blocks, cervical spine percutaneous interventions, and implantable stimulation all received weak recommendations for their use for chronic migraine prevention. The committee found insufficient evidence to assess trigger point injections in migraine prevention and highly discouraged the use of intrathecal medication.
Patient-Reported Opioid Analgesic Use After Discharge from Surgical Procedures: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mallama Celeste A , Greene Christina , Alexandridis Apostolos A , McAninch Jana K , Dal Pan Gerald , Meyer Tamra 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
This systematic review synthesizes evidence on patient-reported outpatient opioid analgesic use after surgery.

Methods
We searched PubMed (February 2019) and Web of Science and Embase (June 2019) for U.S. studies describing patient-reported outpatient opioid analgesic use. Two reviewers extracted data on opioid analgesic use, standardized the data on use , and performed independent quality appraisals based on the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and an adapted Newcastle-Ottawa scale.

Results
Ninety-six studies met the eligibility criteria; 56 had sufficient information to standardize use in oxycodone 5-mg tablets. Patient-reported opioid analgesic use varied widely by procedure type; knee and hip arthroplasty had the highest postoperative opioid use, and use after many procedures was reported as &lt;5 tablets. In studies that examined excess tablets, 25–98% of the total tablets prescribed were reported to be excess, with most studies reporting that 50–70% of tablets went unused. Factors commonly associated with higher opioid analgesic use included preoperative opioid analgesic use, higher inpatient opioid analgesic use, higher postoperative pain scores, and chronic medical conditions, among others. Estimates also varied across studies because of heterogeneity in study design, including length of follow-up and inclusion/exclusion criteria.

Conclusion
Self-reported postsurgery outpatient opioid analgesic use varies widely both across procedures and within a given procedure type. Contributors to within-procedure variation included patient characteristics, prior opioid use, intraoperative and perioperative factors, and differences in the timing of opioid use data collection. We provide recommendations to help minimize variation caused by study design factors and maximize interpretability of forthcoming studies for use in clinical guidelines and decision-making.
Oral Cannabinoid Preparations for the Treatment of Chronic Migraine: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Baraldi Carlo , Lo Castro Flavia , Negro Andrea , Ferrari Anna , Cainazzo Maria Michela , Pani Luca , Guerzoni Simona 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the effectiveness and safety of three oral cannabinoid preparations (FM2®, Istituto farmaceutico militare, Firenze, Italy; Bedrocan®, Bedrocan International, Vandaam, Netherlands; and Bediol®, Bedrocan International, Vandaam, Netherlands) in the treatment of chronic migraine.DesignRetrospective, cohort study.SubjectsPatients with chronic migraine who received FM2, Bedrocan, or Bediol daily for the off-label treatment of their headache, for up to 6 months.MethodsThe number of migraine days per month, pain intensity, the number of acute medications taken per month, the number of days per month on which the patient took at least one acute medication, and adverse events were recorded at baseline and at 3 months and 6 months after the start of treatment with oral cannabinoid preparations.ResultsThe number of migraine days did not change significantly after the third month or the sixth month when compared with baseline (P = 0.1182). The pain intensity (P = 0.0004), the acute medication consumption (P = 0.0006), and the number of days per month in which patients took at least one acute medication significantly decreased when compared with baseline (P = 0.0004). No significant differences were found between patients who were still taking a preventive treatment for chronic migraine and those who were not (all P &gt; 0.05). Different oral cannabinoid preparations displayed similar levels of effectiveness (all P &gt; 0.05). The adverse events were mostly mild and occurred in 43.75% of patients.ConclusionsOral cannabinoid preparations may have a role in reducing pain intensity and acute medication intake in patients with chronic migraine, but the magnitude of the effect seems modest; further studies are needed.
The Effect of Preoperative Serratus Anterior Muscle Plane Block on Persistent Postsurgical Pain After Video-assisted Thoracic Surgery
Authors: Zhao Hong , Wu Yaqing , Zhang Xizhe , Feng Yi 
Published: August 2021

Objectives:
Acute pain intensity is a strong indicator for the occurrence of persistent postsurgical pain (PPP) after video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS). The effect of preoperative serratus anterior muscle plane block (SAPB) on PPP was investigated.

Materials and Methods:
In this retrospective cohort study, data of 148 patients who underwent VATS for lung nodules in 2019 were collected. Seventy-four patients received a single-shot of SAPB with 0.33% ropivacaine 30 mL after anesthesia induction and another 74 patients received intercostal blocks using 1% ropivacaine 10 mL at the fifth to seventh intercostal spaces after surgery. Postoperative analgesia was accomplished by continuous infusion of flurbiprofen (8 mg/h), and intravenous oxycodone rescue (1 mg) given on demand. Pain intensity was recorded at 24 and 48 hours after surgery and all patients were followed up 3 months after surgery investigating the occurrence of PPP.

Results:
Intraoperative sufentanil in the SAPB group was significantly decreased in comparison with Control group (0.34±0.09 vs. 0.43±0.14 ug/kg, P<0.001). The incidence of PPP was comparable between 2 groups (20.2% [15/74] vs. 14.8% [11/74], P=0.078). All patients who experienced PPP rated their PPP as mild, except 1 patient in Control group rated her pain as moderate. Multivariate logistic regression showed that pain score at 24 hours (odds ratio 1.646, 95% confidence interval [1.058, 2.560], P=0.027) and female (odds ratio 3.711, 95% confidence interval [1.274, 10.810], P=0.026) were independent risk factors for the development of PPP.

Discussion:
When SAPB was combined with continuous infusion of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, no patient had moderate chronic pain. Pain score at 24 hours after surgery and female were risk factors for PPP after VATS.