bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive Update of the Treatment and Management of Bertolotti’s Syndrome: A Best Practices Review
Authors: Crane Joshua , Cragon Robert , O’Neill John , Berger Amnon A. , Kassem Hisham , Sherman William F. , Paladini Antonella , Varrassi Giustino , Odisho Amira S. , Miriyala Sumitra , Kaye Alan D. 
Published: July 2021

Bertolotti’s Syndrome is defined as chronic back pain caused by transitional lumbosacral vertebra. The transitional vertebra may present with numerous clinical manifestations leading to a myriad of associated pain types. The most common is pain in the sacroiliac joint, groin, and hip region and may or may not be associated with radiculopathy. Diagnosis is made through a combination of clinical presentations and imaging studies and falls into one of four types. The incidence of transitional vertebra has a reported incidence between 4 and 36%; however, Bertolotti’s Syndrome is only diagnosed when the cause of pain is attributed to this transitional anatomy. Therefore, the actual incidence is difficult to determine. Initial management with conservative treatment includes medical management and physical therapy. Injection therapy has been established as an effective second line. Epidural steroid injection at the level of the transitional articulation is effective, with either local anesthetics alone or in combination with steroids. Surgery carries higher risks and is reserved for patients failing previous lines of treatment. Options include surgical removal of the transitional segment, decompression of stenosed foramina, and spinal fusion. Recent evidence suggests that radiofrequency ablation (RFA) around the transitional segment may also provide relief. This manuscript is a comprehensive review of the literature related to Bertolotti’s Syndrome. It describes the background, including epidemiology, pathophysiology, and etiology of the Syndrome, and presents the best evidence available regarding management options. Bertolotti’s Syndrome is considered an uncommon cause of chronic back pain, though the actual incidence is unclear. Most evidence supporting these therapies is of lower-level evidence with small cohorts, and more extensive studies are required to provide strong evidence supporting best practices.
INTERPERSONAL MEANING IN JOKOWI’S SPEECH A CASE STUDY at SUMMIT APEC
Authors: Nursyamsi Firmansyah , Purnama Arry , Hartono Hartono 
Published: July 2021

This study deals with analyzing language used for communication. It analyzed Jokowi’s speech at SUMMIT APEC, in Beijing from the perspective of SFL especially dealing with system of mood and modality. In other words, this study is about interpersonal meaning of the speech which can be used to dig up speaker’s attitudes and judgments towards what s/he is saying in the speech. In conducting this study, there are two objectives to achieve. The first, this study tried to describe the meaning of Jokowi’s speech based on interpersonal meaning by looking deeply on the mood system in Jokowi’s speech. The second, it also tried to describe how Jokowi influences the audiences through interpersonal meaning by looking deeply on modality. In Jokowi’s speech there are 94 data that found by the researcher. The data itself is realized by system of mood that divided into 78 data of declarative, 1 data of interrogative, and 15 data of imperative. The result of analysis showed that Jokowi mostly useD declarative. Jokowi used declarative because he wanted to share information to the audiences by delivering his speech. The information which is shared is mostly about investment. Jokowi wants the audiences or investors to invest in Indonesia. Besides that, based on data that has been analyzed through modality, the researcher found 29 data in Jokowi’s speech. The data itself divided into 1 data of usuallity, 12 data of obligation, and 16 Inclination. In Jokowi’s speech, Jokowi mostly used inclination. Inclination occurs when someone has desire to do something for others. It means, Jokowi used inclination to influences the audiences. Inclination itself used to Jokowi to express his wishes. Jokowi wanted an audiences to invest in Indonesia.
PARAGOGE OF ROSES BLACKPINK’S CAPTIONS ON INSTAGRAM
Authors: Nurchaerani Meiyanti , Bilkis Endah Siti , Nirwana Ria 
Published: July 2021

This analysis was conducted on searching and researching of adding letters at the end of the word. The addition of a letters in the end was known as Paragoge. This analysis focuses on Rose Blackpink Captions On Instagram. This analysis used a descriptive qualitative, According to the case the researcher will use the book of “ The Mopophonemics of english” by Lam Nguyen Tai, book “Psycholinguistic a resource book for students” by John Filed.
KONFLIK AMERIKA SERIKAT DAN IRAN PASCA-TERBUNUHNYA KEPALA KORPS QUDS GARDA REVOLUSI IRAN MAYOR JENDERAL QASEM SOLEIMANI PADA 2020
Authors: Dwihendra Devih Desdian , Finaldin Tom 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDevih Desdian Dwi Hendra, C1A170167, Conflict of the United States and Iran Post-Killing of the Head of the Quds. Corps of the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Major General Qasem Soleimani In 2020, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences International Relations Studies Program Al-Ghifari University, 2020, Advisor Tom Finaldin, A.Md., SIP, M.Sc..The purpose of this study is to examine the extent to which the attacks carried out by the United States againts Iran on the orders of President Donald Trump, which killed the head of the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Quds Corps Major General Qasem Soleimani were actually motivated by US interests alone. Even if the reason given is to stop the war and not to start a war and save from a major attack on the citizens of the United States in the Middle East, the US therefore prevents it by attacking first. The results of this study indicate that in this conflict case, the United States has violated international law. There are two things that are volated by the United States. Firts, it violates international law, commits assassinations of other countries in a state of non-war and secondly, violates agreements between Iraq and America itself, which include no violation of sovereignty. Despite the loss of an influential military leader, the death of Mayor General Qasem Soleimani could benefit Iran in the short term. Iran has the opportunity to show its ability to unite in times of crisis, unite the political elite that has been divided. Thus the realization of national interests for the future in the aspirations of its people as a sovereign nation. Keywords : Conflict, United States, Iran
PENYEBAB TEWASNYA QASEEM SOLEIMANI OLEH AMERIKA SERIKAT DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KEAMANAN INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Agustina Ilma Alfina , Finaldin Tom 
Published: July 2021

Abstrak Hubungan Internasional terjadi ketika adanya interaksi yang dilakukan oleh actor yang melewati batas negara dan kedaulatannya. Interaksi tersebut berupa kerjasama, konflik, dan persaingan. Konflik seringkali terjadi pada setiap negara yang memiliki kepentingan nasional yang sama. Konflik antara Iran da AS telah terjadi sejak tahun 1950 hingga sekarang, tewasnya Mayor Jenderal Qaseem Soleimani merupakan satu dari sekian banyak peristiwa yang terjadi dalam konflik tersebut. Kematian Jenderal tersebut dikarenakan keberaniannya dalam memerangi AS, Israel dan sekutunya menyebabkan Soleimani menjadi incaran. Dampak dari tewasnya Qaseem Soleimani meliputi tiga hal, yaitu pertama, menjadi angin segar bagi ISIS dan Al Qaeda sekaligus menjadi alarm bahaya bagi keamanan global. Kedua, hilangnya kredibilitas Dewan Keamanan PBB. Ketiga, terbuktinya kekuatan pencegahan Iran dan melemahnya kubu imperiaisme di Kawasan Timur Tengah. Kata Kunci: Qaseem Soleimani, AS, Iran
BUDAYA POP DARI KOREA DAN DAMPAKNYA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Yusuf Muhammad Daud 
Published: July 2021

AbstrakSejalan perkembangan zaman perubahan pada budaya pop, membuat definisi budaya pop semakin kompleks. Menurut Burton (2019), budaya didominasi oleh produksi dan konsumsi barang-barang material dan bukan oleh seni-seni sejati, manakala peroduksinya didorong oleh orientasi laba (profit oriented).Budaya pop merupakan dialektis antara hegemonis atau penyeragaman dengan heterogenis atau keragaman. Dr.Ibrahim (2017),menyatakan bahwa budaya yang disokong industri budaya telah mengkonstruksi masyarakat yang tidak sekedar berlandaskan konsumsi, tetapi juga menjadikan artefak budaya sebagai produk industri dan sudah tentunya komoditi.Budaya pop berkaitan dengan budaya massa. Budaya massa adalah budaya populer yang dihasilkan melalui teknik-teknik industrial produksi massa dan dipasarkan untuk mendapatkan keuntungan dari khalayak yakni konsumen massa. Budaya massa ini berkembang sebagai akibat dari kemudahan-kemudahan reproduksi yang diberikan oleh teknologi seperti mesin percetakan, fotografi, perekaman suara, dan sebagainya (Malthy via Tressia: 20: 37). Horkheimer Adorno (2009), menyatakan bahwa budaya kini sepenuhnya saling berpautan dengan ekonomi, politik dan produksi budaya oleh kapitalis. Kata Kunci:Budaya-dialektis-konsumsi dan massa
DIPLOMASI SIBER INDONESIA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEAMANAN SIBER MELALUI ASSOCIATION OF SOUTH EAST ASIAN NATION (ASEAN) REGIONAL FORUM
Authors: Primawanti Henike , Pangestu Sidik 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRAK Teknologi merupakan sebuah anugerah tetapi juga merupakan sebuah ancaman yang nyata. Dunia maya dan teknologi internet misalnya, dunia maya maupun internet yang mampu menghubungkan jutaan orang, telah diakui sangat berguna dan mendukung hampir setiap bidang kehidupan. Maka dari itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana Indonesia dalam berdiplomasi demi meningkatkan keamanan siber melalui ASEAN regional Forum. Penelitian ini menjelaskan latar belakang negara indonesia ikut serta dalam ASEAN Regional Forum serta seperti apa diplomasi yang dilakukan oleh negara Indonesia dalam upaya meningkatkan keamanan siber negara.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa alasan yang melatarbelakangi Indonesia dalam ASEAN regional Forum adalah karena keadaan Cybersecurity indonesia yang masih memiliki banyak celah, kepentingan nasional berupa kebutuhan keamanan yang bersifat mutlak dan ancaman-ancaman yang berasal dari ruang siber. Dalam melakukan diplomasi di ASEAN Regional Forum, Indonesia mengusulkan empat poin khusus yaitu adanya kontak poin, dibentuknya study group untuk perumusan kurikulum dalam peningkatan capacity building, transisi penggunaan Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) ke IPv6, pembentukan badan atau lembaga khusus terkait cyber di negara masing-masing.Indonesia menginisiasi negara-negara ASEAN untuk menjalankan usulan tersebut. Dua poin diantaranya berhasil di terima dan dituangkan dalam ASEAN Regional Forum Work Plan on Security of and in The Use of Information and Communications Technologies (Ict’s). Dalam upaya pembangunan dan peningkatan keamanan siber diperlukan adanya keselarasan antara hukum, teknis dan tindakan prosedural, struktur organisasi, capacity building, dan kerja sama internasional. Kata Kunci: Cybersecurity, Cyber Crime, ASEAN Regional Forum, Diplomasi
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN ION FLUORIDA PADA SAMPEL AIR MINUM DALAM KEMASAN SECARA SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-VIS
Authors: Hanifah Hesty Nuur , Hendrayanti Hilma , Mulyani Sri 
Published: July 2021

Air minum dalam kemasan (AMDK) adalah air baku yang telah diproses, dikemas, dan aman diminum mencakup air mineral dan demineral/air murni (SNI 01-3553-2006). Menurut KEPMENKES RI No. 907/2002 dinyatakan bahwa fluorida lebih dari 1,5 mg/L dapat menyebabkan dental fluorosis, dan skeletal tulang fluorosis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengukur kadar ion fluorida pada air minum dalam kemasan yang dibeli dari pedagang kaki lima dan air minum dalam kemasan yang diproduksi oleh SMK di Kecamatan Subang. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode spektofotometri UV-Vis dengan reagen SPADNS-asam zirkonil berdasarkan prinsip pembentukan kompleks (ZrF6)2-. Hasil penelitian kadar ion fluorida air minum dalam kemasan yang diperoleh dari pedagang kaki lima menunjukan hasil negatif mengandung ion fluorida, dengan nilai pH berkisar 7,61-8,49. Sedangkan air minum dalam kemasan yang diproduksi oleh SMK menunjukan hasil antara 0,0192-0,0608 dengan nilai pH 7,86-8,25. Dari hasil penelitian validasi metode memberikan hasil akurasi 96,886-105,88 %, presisi 0,589158 % , batas deteksi 10,1164 mg/L , batas kuantifikasi 33,7210 mg/L, linearitas R2 = 0,9925 telah memenuhi syarat yang ditetapkan dan diperoleh kadar fluorida tertinggi 0,8004, terendah 0,0128 dengan pH antara 6,47 s/d 7,84.
PENGARUH DIFFERENSIASI PRODUK dan HARGA TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN MELALUI PENDEKATAN PARTIAL LEAST SQUARE SEM SMARTPLS
Authors: Anwar Ahmad Saepul , Siswanto Dodi Siswanto 
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study aims to examine and analyze the influence between product differentiation and price on consumers Waroeng SS branch of Jatinangor.Population in this research is consumer Waroeng SS branch of Jatinangor with the total sample of 100 respondents. Data analysis method used is descriptive and verifikatif method with quantitative approach. The instrument test is done by validity test and reliability test. The analytical technique used is path analysis, used to show relationships that show how much influence a particular variable either direct or indirect influence on some other variables. The result of this study shows that partially and simultaneously of the product differentiation and price has a positive and significant effect on purchase decision. The partially of purchase decision influenced by product differentiation is 26,7%, and influenced by price is 25,75%. The amount of total influence by product differentiation and price on purchase decision is indicated by the magnitude of the coefficient of determination r2=0,518 or 51,80%, and influenced beyond the other variables is 48,20%. The conclusion of this study is product differentiation and price have positive and significant influence to purchasing decision, with the most dominant variable is product differentiation as variable that affected purchase decision at Waroeng SS branch of Jatinangor.The purpose of this study aims to examine and analyze the influence between product differentiation and price on consumers Waroeng SS branch of Jatinangor.Population in this research is consumer Waroeng SS branch of Jatinangor with the total sample of 100 respondents. Data analysis method used is descriptive and verifikatif method with quantitative approach. The instrument test is done by validity test and reliability test. The analytical technique used is path analysis, used to show relationships that show how much influence a particular variable either direct or indirect influence on some other variables. The result of this study shows that partially and simultaneously of the product differentiation and price has a positive and significant effect on purchase decision. The partially of purchase decision influenced by product differentiation is 26,7%, and influenced by price is 25,75%. The amount of total influence by product differentiation and price on purchase decision is indicated by the magnitude of the coefficient of determination r2=0,518 or 51,80%, and influenced beyond the other variables is 48,20%. The conclusion of this study is product differentiation and price have positive and significant influence to purchasing decision, with the most dominant variable is product differentiation as variable that affected purchase decision at Waroeng SS branch of Jatinangor.
PENGARUH BELANJA INFRASTRUKTUR PEMERINTAH TERHADAP KAPITALISASI PASAR KELOMPOK INDUSTRI INFRASTRUKTUR, UTILITAS DAN TRANSPORTASI PADA PERUSAHAAN YANG TERDAFTAR DALAM BURSA EFEK INDONESIA (STUDI DATA TIME SERIES 2005-2014)
Authors: Istiono Deni Istiono 
Published: July 2021

This research aims to determine the effect of government infrastructure expenditure to market capitalization infrastructure, utilities and transportation industry of listed companies in the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2005-2014. Research analysis using descriptive and verification. Data used is time series data as realization of direct expenditures of government in infrastructure sector which consists of transportation and communication. Market capitalization data is capitalization of industry group infrastructure, utility and transportation companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2005-2014. Analysis data used descriptive and verification. Descriptive analysis is used to describe the research variables development. The verification analysis used to examine the effect between variables with include the selection models test, specifications model test, normality test, regression test, coefficient determination test, statistical t and f test. The result analysis showed government infrastructure expenditure variables is positive and significant impact on the market capitalization of the infrastructure, utilities and transportation industry listed companies in the Indonesian Stock Exchange during 2005-2014, with the determination level of 47.47% and the remaining 53.52% is explained by other variables that are not described or include in the research models function such as National income, inflation, exchange rates and others. Therefore central government should be consistent on each target and development activities that have been assigned in infrastructure expenditure every year. It is important to do, so the financing gap does not encourage inflation that couse high cost in the production process due to the inflation of infrastructure commodity. In addition, effective control efforts to development process is being carried out and also continue by synergy among the stakeholders that being implementation process development is done on time, as well as efforts to establish strategic policies and legal certainty for investors. So the investment climate more conducive to attracting private investors invest in the infrastructure, utilities and transportation sector in the Indonesian Stock Exchange. Key words : MARKET CAPITALIZATION, INFRASTRUCTURE, UTILITIES AND TRANSPORTATION INDUSTRY, GOVERNMENT INFRASTRUCTURE EXPENDITURE, INDONESIAN STOCK EXCHANGE.
IMLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN REVITALISASI PASAR TRADISIONAL SARIJADI OLEH PD. PASAR BERMARTABAT KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: MULYATI YUYUN , SURTIANI ANI 
Published: July 2021

This study aims to analyze and describe the implementation activities of revitalization policy of Traditional Market Sarijadi by PD. Pasar Bermartabat of Bandung City which includes organization, interpretation and application. This research uses qualitative approach with descriptive method of analysis. Data collection techniques were conducted with in-depth interviews, observations and literature studies. The results of the study indicate that the organization has not been supported by human resources and facilities in accordance with needs, while the funds are sufficient. Establishing a thematic organic vegetable market for Sarijadi Market and direct socialization to higher education and comparative study followed by traders and employees and Directors of PD. Pasar Bermartabat of Bandung city is an organizing method. Interpretation of activities related to work programs and revitalization activities has not been supported by future guidelines and targets because no Strategic Plan has been determined yet. While the application activity of the Implementation of Sarijadi Traditional Market Revitalization Policy by PD. Pasar Bermartabat of Bandung City associated with the service has been using information technology for levy and maintenance services of Business Registration Letters and promotions for rental offerings. Research report on the Implementation of Sarijadi Traditional Market Revitalization Policy by PD. Pasar Bermartabat Bandung City has not yet run. Research suggestions need to be established immediately in the Strategic Plan, training and training facilities are needed, the addition of infrastructure.
Burden of HIV, Tuberculosis Infection and Risk Factors amongst Inmates of Correctional Institutions in Port Harcourt Nigeria
Authors: Jeremiah Theresa Awortu , Jacob Ransom Baribefii , Jeremiah Zaccheaus Awortu , Mgbere Osaro , Anyamene Chris , Enweani-Nwokelo Ifeoma Bessie 
Published: July 2021

Aims: Burden of infectious diseases in correctional institutions constitutes a public health concern due to the confined nature and congestion of the prisons. This study aimed at surveying Burden of HIV, Tuberculosis Infection and Risk factors amongst inmates of Correctional Institutions in Port Harcourt Nigeria
Study Design: The study was descriptive, comprising both males and females. A total of 178 inmates constituted the study population
Place and Duration of Study: Port Harcourt Maximum Prisons, Creek Road and the Juvenile Remand Home, Borokiri, Port Harcourt, Nigeria, between the months of May to December 2019.
Methodology: Two millilitres of blood was collected from each participant after receiving their informed consent. The blood was dispensed into EDTA anti-coagulant bottles and used for serological investigations of HIV 1&2, and TB. Samples positive for TB was confirmed using the GeneXpert Molecular technique while HIV 1&2 were confirmed using Real-Time PCR and their Viral Loads determined.
Results: The overall prevalence of HIV and MTB in the study population were: HIV 1 & 2 (3.9%) and Tuberculosis (0.6%) The Mean Viral Loads of positive samples were HIV 1&2 (479.3 copies/ml); and High MTB was detected. The most significant risk factors identified are as follows:, inmates with tattoos on their bodies (c2=83.6, p<0.0001), took part in blood initiation ceremonies (c2=110.1, p<0.0001), have exchanged needles/sharp objects (c2=2.2, p>0.0001), have tribal marks (c2=58.4, p<0.0001), received blood (c2=151.1, p<0.0001). Majority of the inmates have had sex before, 159(89.3%) [89(56.0%) had multiple sex partners up to 3 and above, 32(20.1%) had 2 partners while 38(23.9%) said they were single sex partners (c2=37.1, p<0.0001)]. On condom use, 90(50.6%) of the inmates do not use condom while 88(49.4%) admitted they use condoms. 7(3.9%) of the inmates have indulged in anal sex (c2=151.1, p<0.0001). 6(3.4%) had history of family drug use while 23(12.9%) have used drugs prior to imprisonment
Conclusion: The prevalence of HIV among inmates in this study is quite high and remains a public health problem while that of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) though appearing relatively low still remains a public health risk. The risk factors amongst inmates of Correctional Institutions in Port Harcourt Nigeria have been identified in this study. The high HIV 1 & 2 prevalence with MTB prevalence with high viral load results indicates poor health conditions which if not contained can spread to other inmates. This requires prompt interventions and treatment among the correctional inmates.