bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic ultrasonography‐guided tissue acquisition for small solid pancreatic lesions: Does the size matter?
Authors: Nakai Yousuke , Hamada Tsuyoshi , Hakuta Ryunosuke , Ishigaki Kazunaga , Saito Kei , Saito Tomotaka , Takahara Naminatsu , Mizuno Suguru , Kogure Hirofumi , Koike Kazuhiko , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEndoscopic ultrasonography‐guided tissue acquisition (EUS‐TA) is now an established technique to obtain the pathological diagnosis of solid pancreatic lesions (SPLs), but the diagnosis of small SPLS by EUS‐TA can still be difficult. We conducted a literature review and a meta‐analysis on the diagnostic yield of EUS‐TA according to the tumor size. In a meta‐analysis of 33 studies with 6883 cases, a pooled odds ratio (OR) of sensitivity was significantly higher in SPLs of >20 mm (OR 1.64, p = 0.02) and in SPLs of >10 mm (OR 3.05, p = 0.01), but not in SPLs of >30 mm (OR 1.18, p = 0.46). The meta‐analysis of accuracy also showed a similar trend: OR of 1.59 in SPLs of >20 mm (p < 0.01) and OR of 3.27 in SPLs of >10 mm (p < 0.01) and OR of 1.03 in SPLs of >30 mm (p = 0.87). The use of a 25‐gauge needle tended to improve sensitivity in small SPLs, though not statistically significant: OR of 1.25 and 2.82 in studies with and without a 25‐gauge needle (p = 0.08). The use of fine needle biopsy needles, slow pull method, and rapid on‐site evaluation did not significantly improve sensitivity in small SPLs. EUS‐TA for small SPLs, especially neuroendocrine neoplasms, is reported to have a high risk of adverse events. In summary, the diagnostic yield and safety of EUS‐TA for small (<20 mm) SPLs still needs improvement, and the best needle and technique for small SPLs should be further investigated.
Diagnosis of histological type of early gastric cancer by magnifying narrow‐band imaging: A multicenter prospective study
Authors: Kanesaka Takashi , Uedo Noriya , Doyama Hisashi , Yoshida Naohiro , Nagahama Takashi , Ohtsu Kensei , Uchita Kunihisa , Kojima Koji , Ueo Tetsuya , Takahashi Haruhiko , Ueyama Hiroya , Akazawa Yoichi , Shimokawa Toshio , Yao Kenshi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesDistinguishing undifferentiated‐type from differentiated‐type early gastric cancers (EGC) is crucial for determining the indication of endoscopic resection. We aimed to investigate the diagnostic performance of white‐light endoscopy (WLE) and magnifying narrow‐band imaging (M‐NBI) for the histological type of EGC.MethodsIn this multicenter prospective study, patients with histologically proven cT1 EGC, macroscopically depressed or flat type, size ≥5 mm, and without erosion/ulcer, were recruited. The diagnostic criterion of WLE for undifferentiated‐type EGC was pale color. The M‐NBI algorithm was created based on microsurface and microvascular patterns, and lesions with absent microsurface pattern and opened‐loop microvascular patterns were diagnosed as undifferentiated‐type. The center of the lesion was defined as the evaluation point and was initially evaluated by WLE, then by M‐NBI, and a biopsy specimen was taken as a reference standard. The primary and key secondary endpoints were overall diagnostic accuracy and specificity, respectively.ResultsIn total, 167 lesions (122 differentiated‐type and 45 undifferentiated‐type EGCs) in 167 patients were analyzed. The overall accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive likelihood ratio of WLE for undifferentiated‐type cancer were 80%, 69%, 84%, and 4.4, respectively, and those of M‐NBI were 82%, 53%, 93%, and 7.2, respectively. There was no significant difference in overall accuracy (p = 0.755), but specificity was significantly higher in M‐NBI (p = 0.041).ConclusionsThe use of M‐NBI did not improve the accuracy of WLE for the diagnosis of depressed/flat undifferentiated‐type EGCs but improved the specificity. It may reduce surgical overtreatment by preventing misdiagnosis of differentiated‐type EGC as undifferentiated‐type.
Mudflat geomorphology determines invasive macroalgal effect on invertebrate prey and shorebird predators
Authors: Besterman Alice F. , Pace Michael L. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractImpacts of invasive species are often context specific due to varying ecological interactions. Physical structure of environments hosting invaders is also potentially important but has received limited attention. An invasive macroalga, Agarophyton vermiculophyllum, has spread across the northern hemisphere with mixed positive, neutral and negative effects on resident species. Agarophyton colonizes mudflats that vary in topography due to interactions of sediments with hydrodynamic forces. We tested the hypothesis that mudflat geomorphology moderates the effect of Agarophyton on shorebirds and invertebrates. We surveyed 30 mudflats in the Virginia Coast Reserve quantifying elevation and topography. Invertebrate and bird abundances were also quantified. Mudflat geomorphology ranged from smooth to hummocky and was correlated with invertebrate and shorebird abundance and interactions based on piecewise structural equation models. After accounting for geomorphology, Agarophyton had little effect on invertebrate abundance. Shorebird numbers were differentially influenced by mudflat topography, with positive correlations to invertebrates (worms) on smooth mudflats, and to macroalgae on hummocky mudflats. These differences are likely to be due to sediment properties in interaction with structural changes induced by Agarophyton mats that affect prey accessibility for birds. Even on apparently simple mudflats, geomorphic structure emerged as important, modifying invasive species impacts and differentially influencing consumers.
Linking the state of environmental DNA to its application for biomonitoring and stock assessment: Targeting mitochondrial/nuclear genes, and different DNA fragment lengths and particle sizes
Authors: Jo Toshiaki , Takao Kenta , Minamoto Toshifumi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) analysis is a revolutionary tool for non‐invasive, cost‐effective, and highly sensitive monitoring of species distribution and abundance; however, there remain some uncertainties related to eDNA detection and quantification, as well as limitations in terms of its ecological interpretation. Although these may be elucidated by better understanding the characteristics and dynamics of eDNA, insight into such basic eDNA information has been limited in this decade, contrary to the advancements in eDNA applications targeting various taxa and environments. This review compiled previous findings regarding the characteristics and dynamics of macrobial eDNA and provides insights into how the basic knowledge of eDNA can contribute to the refinement and development of eDNA analysis for biomonitoring and stock assessment. A literature survey revealed that studies on the cellular and molecular state of eDNA were particularly lacking (18/728 papers from 2008 to 2020), resulting in a limited understanding regarding the process of eDNA transport and degradation. This review highlighted a number of studies targeting various types of eDNA beyond short mitochondrial DNA fragments (nuclear eDNA, longer eDNA fragments, and larger eDNA particles) to show how information on the state of eDNA improves the reliability of species detection and accuracy of abundance estimation, as well as provide more detailed information on individuals other than their presence and abundance. Linking the state of eDNA to its application will advance the analysis of eDNA and improve its application as a tool for monitoring biodiversity, ecosystem function, and fisheries resources.
Response of the gravel–sand transition in the Yangtze River to hydrological and sediment regime changes after upstream damming
Authors: He Zican , Sun Zhaohua , Li Yitian , Zhao Qianyi , Hu Yong , Chen Zhenghao 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn the Yangtze River, the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) has altered the flow‐sediment regimes, resulting in channel degradation and bed surface coarsening, which have been reported in recent years. However, there has been no systematic study on the impacts of the TGD on the downstream gravel–sand transition (GST). Based on detailed field observations and numerical modelling, this study fills this gap and reveals significant adjustments in the GST and the leading causes. The results show that after operation of the TGD began, the GST migrated 49.5 km downstream during 2003–2010 due to a reduction in the suspended‐load supply (grain size < 0.5 mm) and then remained stable from 2010 to 2015 under the control of a braided river morphology. In addition, as channel degradation continued, the steepening bed profile upstream of Chenjiawan and the lowering of the downstream water level caused some gravel within the GST to become more frequently mobile during low‐flow periods (discharge <15,000 m3/s). Combined with the effects of the TGD‐induced prolonged low‐flow season and reduced frequency of large floods (discharge ≥ 40,000 m3/s), the GST exhibited a poorly understood phenomenon in which gravel was mainly transported downstream during low‐flow periods. However, these processes affected only localized sediment movement, contributing little to overall GST migration in the Yangtze River. The results also show that when a low sediment supply persists long term, additional GST migration after transient downstream migration depends primarily on the river morphology. This article has implications for the channel regulation and evolutionary processes of GSTs below dams.
Nonlinear time‐domain wave‐structure interaction: A parallel fast integral equation approach
Authors: Harris Jeffrey C. , Dombre Emmanuel , Benoit Michel , Grilli Stephan T. , Kuznetsov Konstantin I. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe report on the development and validation of a new numerical wave tank (NWT) solving fully nonlinear potential flow (FNPF) equations, as a more efficient variation of Grilli et al.'s NWT [Grilli et al., A fully nonlinear model for three‐dimensional overturning waves over arbitrary bottom.Int J Numer Methods Fluids. 2001; 35:829‐867], which was successful at modeling many wave phenomena, including landslide‐generated tsunamis, rogue waves, and the initiation of wave breaking over slopes. This earlier NWT combined a three dimensional MII (mid‐interval interpolation) boundary element method (BEM) to an explicit mixed Eulerian–Lagrangian time integration. The latter was based on second‐order Taylor series expansions for the mesh geometry and Dirichlet free surface boundary condition for the potential, requiring high‐order derivatives to be computed in space and time. Here, to be able to solve large scale wave‐structure interaction problems for surface‐piercing bodies of complex geometry, of interest for ocean engineering and naval hydrodynamics applications, the NWT is reformulated to use cubic B‐spline meshes and the BEM solution is accelerated with a parallelized fast multipole method (FMM) based on ExaFMM, one of the fastest open source FMM to date. The NWT accuracy, convergence, and scaling are first assessed for simple cases, by comparing results with those of the earlier MII‐NWT as a function of mesh size and other model parameters. The relevance of the new NWT for solving the targeted applications is then demonstrated for surface piercing fixed cylinders, for which we show that results agree well with theoretical and experimental data for wave elevation and hydrodynamic forces.
Modified incompressible smooth particle hydrodynamics in porous media method for modeling the damping of a waves train on an inclined porous structure
Authors: Ramos Ortega Melissa , Beaudoin Anthony 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this work, the ISPHP method proposed by Akbari and Namin in 2013 has been modified by implementing the Taylor expansion of a classical smoothing function. The modified ISPHP method with the Taylor expansion of the smoothing function, the optimization of the solving of Poisson's equation and the wave maker, has been used to simulate the damping of a waves train on an inclined porous structure. The comparison between the numerical results obtained with the modified ISPHP method and the experimental data obtained by Carrasco et al. in 2020 has shown on the one hand that the modified ISPHP method could be used to study the damping of a waves train on an inclined porous structure and on the other hand that the dimensionless number could be used to characterize the energy transformations of the interaction of a waves train and an inclined porous structure.
Endoplasmic reticulum stress promotes HBV production by enhancing use of the autophagosome/multivesicular body axis
Authors: Wang Xueyu , Wei Zhiqiang , Cheng Bin , Li Jia , He Yulin , Lan Tingyu , Kemper Thekla , Lin Yong , Jiang Bin , Jiang Yongfang , Meng Zhongji , Lu Mengji 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background and Aims
HBV infection has been reported to trigger endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and initiate autophagy. However, how ER stress and autophagy influence HBV production remains elusive. Here, we studied the effect of tunicamycin (TM), an N‐glycosylation inhibitor and ER stress inducer, on HBV replication and secretion and examined the underlying mechanisms.

Approach and Results
Protein disulfide isomerase (an ER marker), microtubule‐associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta (an autophagosome [AP] marker), and sequestosome‐1 (a typical cargo for autophagic degradation) expression were tested in liver tissues of patients with chronic HBV infection and hepatoma cell lines. The role of TM treatment in HBV production and trafficking was examined in hepatoma cell lines. TM treatment that mimics HBV infection triggered ER stress and increased AP formation, resulting in enhanced HBV replication and secretion of subviral particles (SVPs) and naked capsids. Additionally, TM reduced the number of early endosomes and HBsAg localization in this compartment, causing HBsAg/SVPs to accumulate in the ER. Thus, TM‐induced AP formation serves as an alternative pathway for HBsAg/SVP trafficking. Importantly, TM inhibited AP‐lysosome fusion, accompanied by enhanced AP/late endosome (LE)/multivesicular body fusion, to release HBsAg/SVPs through, or along with, exosome release. Notably, TM treatment inhibited HBsAg glycosylation, resulting in impairment of HBV virions’ envelopment and secretion, but it was not critical for HBsAg/SVP trafficking in our cell systems.

Conclusions
TM‐induced ER stress and autophagic flux promoted HBV replication and the release of SVPs and naked capsids through the AP‐LE/MVB axis.
Synthesis and Reactivity of Molybdenum and Tungsten Alkyne Complexes Containing 6‐Methylpyridine‐2‐thiolate Ligands
Authors: Ehweiner Madeleine A. , Ćorović Miljan Z. , Belaj Ferdinand , Mösch‐Zanetti Nadia C. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA series of M(II) and M(IV) (M=Mo, W) alkyne adducts employing two 6‐methylpyridine‐2‐thiolate (6‐MePyS) ligands was synthesized and investigated towards the nucleophilic attack of PMe3 on the coordinated alkynes. For this approach, 2‐butyne (C2Me2), phenylacetylene (HC2Ph), and diphenylacetylene (C2Ph2) were used. For the exploration of an intramolecular attack, but‐3‐yn‐1‐ol (HCCCH2CH2OH) was coordinated to the metal centers. A nucleophilic attack of PMe3 was observed in [W(CO)(HC2Ph)(6‐MePyS)2] yielding an η2‐vinyl compound. Reaction of [W(CO)(C2Ph2)(6‐MePyS)2] with excess PMe3 resulted in the selective coordination of one molecule of PMe3 concomitant with decoordination of the nitrogen atom of one 6‐MePyS ligand. In contrast, the W(IV) complexes did not react with PMe3. While no selectivity was observed in the reaction of the Mo(II) compounds with PMe3, alkynes in the Mo(IV) compounds were replaced by PMe3. Addition of Et3N to the but‐3‐yn‐1‐ol complexes did not lead to the anticipated formation of 2,3‐dihydrofuran.
Regulating electronic structure of two‐dimensional porous Ni/Ni3N nanosheets architecture by Co atomic incorporation boosts alkaline water splitting
Authors: Wang Kaixi , Guo Yingying , Chen Zhonghui , Wu Donghai , Zhang Shouren , Yang Baocheng , Zhang Jianan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractInterfacial engineering is a powerful method to improve the bifunctional electrocatalytic performance of pure phase catalysts. While it is expected to further optimize the electronic configuration of heterojunctions to boost the reaction kinetics in hydrogen/oxygen evolution reaction (HER/OER), but remains a challenge. Herein, a novel in situ hybrid heterojunction strategy is developed to construct 2D porous Co‐doped Ni/Ni3N heterostructure nanosheets (Co–Ni/Ni3N) by pyrolysis of partially cobalt substituted nickel‐zeolitic imidazolate framework (CoNi‐ZIF) nanosheets under NH3 atmosphere. A combined experimental and theoretical studies manifest that the hybrid heterostructures can display regulative electronic states and downshift d‐band center from the Fermi level, as well as optimize the adsorption energy of reaction intermediates, thus reducing the thermodynamic energy barriers and accelerating the catalytic kinetics. Consequently, benefitting from the optimized electronic configuration, hierarchical hollow nanosheets architecture, and abundant doped heterojunctions, the hybrid Co–Ni/Ni3N heterostructure catalyst exhibits efficient catalytic activity for both HER (60 mV) and OER (322 mV) at 10 mA cm−2 in alkaline media, which is 105 and 47 mV lower than that of pure Ni3N, respectively. The electrochemically active surface area of Co–Ni/Ni3N is two times higher than that of Ni3N. Furthermore, the coupled practical water electrolyzer requires a low voltage of 1.575 V to reach 10 mA cm−2, and it can be driven by a 1.5 V battery. This work highlights the interface engineering guidance for the rational establishment of hybrid interfaces by electronic modulation of interfacial effect for alkaline water splitting.image
Osteogenic potential and properties of injectable silk fibroin/tetracalcium phosphate/monetite composite powder biocement systems
Authors: Medvecky Lubomir , Giretova Maria , Stulajterova Radoslava , Luptakova Lenka , Sopcak Tibor , Girman Vladimir 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe powdered cement tetracalcium phosphate/monetite/silk fibroin composite (CFIB) was prepared by simple mechanical milling of tetracalcium phosphate/monetite powder mixture with fibrous soluble silk fibroin (SF). The powder composite cement mixtures contained 5 and 10 wt % of SF and 2% NaH2PO4 solution with 0.1% genipin was used as a liquid component. The setting time of CFIB cement increased with addition of SF from 5 to 25 min in fully injectable cement with 10 wt % of SF. The compressive strength of hardened composites was reduced to 14 MPa which is close to strength of cancellous bone. The 8% of SF from origin amount in CFIB composites was only desorbed from cements after 7 days soaking in simulated body fluid (SBF). It was found almost full transformation of calcium phosphate components in composite to rod‐like nanohydroxyapatite after hardening of CFIB cements in SBF. The SF in hardened cements was present in fine globular form after dissolution, actively affected the fluidity of pastes, morphology of hydroxyapatite particles, and microstructure. The excellent cell proliferation and a high over expression of osteogenic gene markers in MSCs were confirmed after the long‐time cultivation in CFIB10 cement extract. Injectable CFIB10 cements have appropriate properties for utilization in bone defect treatments with possible positive effect on healing process.
Theoretical studies on new family of bridged difurazan derivatives with excellent heat of formation
Authors: Zeng Lian , Li Junyan , Qiao Chen , Jiang Yuhe , Wu Jinting , Li Hongbo , Zhang Jianguo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe optimized structure, HOMO‐LUMO orbital, molecular surface electrostatic potential (ESP), and thermal stability (BDE) of 30 bridged bifurazan derivatives (BDFD) were investigated by B3LYP/6–311+G* method. And we also evaluated some energy parameters including heat of formation (HOF), density (ρ), detonation velocity (D), detonation pressure (P), and impact sensitivity (h50%) in detail. In terms of the compounds in this series: Coordination oxygen is beneficial for obtaining good density and oxygen balance. Substituent C(NO2)3 can improve the density, HOF, and detonation properties. Both the bridge group N═N and the substitution group NHNO2 can promote HOF well. While NH has a negative effect on HOF and detonation performance. A4, B1, B2, B4, C4, D4, F4, H1, and H2 were eventually screened out as promising nitrogen‐rich high‐energy compounds because of their good positive heat of formation HOF (687–1,410 kJ/mol), excellent ρ (1.89–1.93 g/cm3), extraordinary Q (1702–1933 cal/g), outstanding D (9.15–9.74 km/s), impressive P (38.31–43.67 GPa), and acceptable sensitivity.
A molecular biomimetic sensor of tris(2‐benzimidazolylmethyl)amine‐based iron(III) complex for acrylamide detection: Electrochemical study and DFT calculations
Authors: Mersal Gaber A. M. , Hessien Mahmoud M. , Al Jouaid Rema , El‐Hendawy Morad M. , Alminderej Fahad M. , Ibrahim Mohamed M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA new biomimetic sensor (BS) has been prepared by modifying the carbon paste electrode (CPE) based on [Fe(NTB)Cl2]Cl·EtOH (FeC) {NTB = tris(2‐benzimidazolylmethyl)amine} for the electrochemical detection of acrylamide (AA). The development of the reported BS was focused on the creation of an AA with α‐NH2 group of N‐terminal valine of hemoglobin (HG), which reduces the peak current of HG‐Fe+3 reduction. The fabricated BS was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV), as well as square wave voltammetry (SWV) for studying the electrochemical properties of AA on its surface. Under optimized conditions, the BS was applied for the direct determination of AA in two linear concentration ranges: 1.0 × 10−6 and 1.0 × 10−4 M. The first linear was observed from 1.0 × 10−6 to 1 × 10−5 M with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.465 × 10−7 M, while the second linear part was detected from 1.0 × 10−5 to 1 × 10−4 M with LOD of 5.67 × 10−6 M. Finally, the constructed BS was successfully applied for the evaluation of AA in various potato chips, and the results were comparable to those obtained from other electrochemical methods. The density functional theory (DFT) could successfully explain the recognition process of acrylamide, that is, the hydroamination of the alkene group of acrylamide by imidazole moiety of the iron complex.