bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Mobile App and Dashboard for Early Detection of Infectious Disease Outbreaks: Development Study
Authors: Ahn Euijoon , Liu Na , Parekh Tej , Patel Ronak , Baldacchino Tanya , Mullavey Tracy , Robinson Amanda , Kim Jinman 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundOutbreaks of infectious diseases pose great risks, including hospitalization and death, to public health. Therefore, improving the management of outbreaks is important for preventing widespread infection and mitigating associated risks. Mobile health technology provides new capabilities that can help better capture, monitor, and manage infectious diseases, including the ability to quickly identify potential outbreaks.ObjectiveThis study aims to develop a new infectious disease surveillance (IDS) system comprising a mobile app for accurate data capturing and dashboard for better health care planning and decision making.MethodsWe developed the IDS system using a 2-pronged approach: a literature review on available and similar disease surveillance systems to understand the fundamental requirements and face-to-face interviews to collect specific user requirements from the local public health unit team at the Nepean Hospital, Nepean Blue Mountains Local Health District, New South Wales, Australia.ResultsWe identified 3 fundamental requirements when designing an electronic IDS system, which are the ability to capture and report outbreak data accurately, completely, and in a timely fashion. We then developed our IDS system based on the workflow, scope, and specific requirements of the public health unit team. We also produced detailed design and requirement guidelines. In our system, the outbreak data are captured and sent from anywhere using a mobile device or a desktop PC (web interface). The data are processed using a client-server architecture and, therefore, can be analyzed in real time. Our dashboard is designed to provide a daily, weekly, monthly, and historical summary of outbreak information, which can be potentially used to develop a future intervention plan. Specific information about certain outbreaks can also be visualized interactively to understand the unique characteristics of emerging infectious diseases.ConclusionsWe demonstrated the design and development of our IDS system. We suggest that the use of a mobile app and dashboard will simplify the overall data collection, reporting, and analysis processes, thereby improving the public health responses and providing accurate registration of outbreak information. Accurate data reporting and collection are a major step forward in creating a better intervention plan for future outbreaks of infectious diseases.
Evolution of Online Health-Related Information Seeking in France From 2010 to 2017: Results From Nationally Representative Surveys
Authors: Ducrot Pauline , Montagni Ilaria , Nguyen Thanh Viet , Serry Anne-Juliette , Richard Jean-Baptiste 
Published: January 2021

Background
Given the rapid ongoing progression of the internet and increase in health information available from disparate online sources, it is important to understand how these changes impact online health information-seeking behavior of the population and the way of managing one’s health.

Objective
This paper aims at describing the evolution of internet use as a source of health information between 2010 and 2017, as well as the characteristics of online health information seekers, topics of interest, sources of information, and trust in retrieved information and potential impact on behavior.

Methods
Data from the French nationally representative surveys Health Barometers were used (N=4141 in 2010, 4811 in 2014, and 6255 in 2017). Evolutions over time were assessed using chi-square tests. Associations with sociodemographic characteristics and health status were evaluated using logistic regression models.

Results
The use of the internet as a source of health information rose between 2010 and 2014 (from 37.3% to 67.9%, P<.001) but decreased significantly in 2017 (60.3%, P<.001). Overall, the profile of health information seekers compared with nonseekers did not change over time. They were more likely to be women, to be younger, to have a higher educational level, to have a higher household income, and to be executives. Between 2014 and 2017, the proportion of those who did not pay attention to the source of information significantly increased to reach 39.7% (P<.001). In 2017 as in 2014, general health-related websites remained the first source of information (38.6%) while institutional websites were the third source (8.1%). Most information seekers trusted the information found online in 2010 (more than 80%), with a slight decrease between 2014 and 2017 (P=.048). Among individual characteristics, trust in the information was the main determinant of the way of managing one’s health (odds ratio 4.06, 95% CI 3.26-5.06).

Conclusions
After a rapid growth in the internet use for seeking health information in the 2010 to 2014 period, a decrease was recorded in 2017, in parallel with a decrease in trust in the quality and reliability of information found online. These findings underline the need for public health authorities to increase citizens’ eHealth literacy and to provide alternative trustworthy sources combining the popularity and accessibility of general health information websites.
Ability of Current Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict and Detect Hypoglycemia in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: Meta-analysis
Authors: Kodama Satoru , Fujihara Kazuya , Shiozaki Haruka , Horikawa Chika , Yamada Mayuko Harada , Sato Takaaki , Yaguchi Yuta , Yamamoto Masahiko , Kitazawa Masaru , Iwanaga Midori , Matsubayashi Yasuhiro , Sone Hirohito 
Published: January 2021

Background
Machine learning (ML) algorithms have been widely introduced to diabetes research including those for the identification of hypoglycemia.

Objective
The objective of this meta-analysis is to assess the current ability of ML algorithms to detect hypoglycemia (ie, alert to hypoglycemia coinciding with its symptoms) or predict hypoglycemia (ie, alert to hypoglycemia before its symptoms have occurred).

Methods
Electronic literature searches (from January 1, 1950, to September 14, 2020) were conducted using the Dialog platform that covers 96 databases of peer-reviewed literature. Included studies had to train the ML algorithm in order to build a model to detect or predict hypoglycemia and test its performance. The set of 2 × 2 data (ie, number of true positives, false positives, true negatives, and false negatives) was pooled with a hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic model.

Results
A total of 33 studies (14 studies for detecting hypoglycemia and 19 studies for predicting hypoglycemia) were eligible. For detection of hypoglycemia, pooled estimates (95% CI) of sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), and negative likelihood ratio (NLR) were 0.79 (0.75-0.83), 0.80 (0.64-0.91), 8.05 (4.79-13.51), and 0.18 (0.12-0.27), respectively. For prediction of hypoglycemia, pooled estimates (95% CI) were 0.80 (0.72-0.86) for sensitivity, 0.92 (0.87-0.96) for specificity, 10.42 (5.82-18.65) for PLR, and 0.22 (0.15-0.31) for NLR.

Conclusions
Current ML algorithms have insufficient ability to detect ongoing hypoglycemia and considerate ability to predict impeding hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes mellitus using hypoglycemic drugs with regard to diagnostic tests in accordance with the Users’ Guide to Medical Literature (PLR should be ≥5 and NLR should be ≤0.2 for moderate reliability). However, it should be emphasized that the clinical applicability of these ML algorithms should be evaluated according to patients’ risk profiles such as for hypoglycemia and its associated complications (eg, arrhythmia, neuroglycopenia) as well as the average ability of the ML algorithms. Continued research is required to develop more accurate ML algorithms than those that currently exist and to enhance the feasibility of applying ML in clinical settings.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42020163682; http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020163682
Percepción ciudadana sobre la reelección de alcaldes en municipios de la Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara (ZMG)
Authors: León-Cázares Filadelfo , Carrera-Hernández Ady Patricia , Ortiz-Medina Ana Eduwiges del Rosario 
Published: January 2021

El propósito en este artículo es analizar teórica y empíricamente la posibilidad de reelección de presidentes municipales en México, con base en la percepción de la ciudadanía de la Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara (ZMG). Una reforma política aprobada en 2014 permitió que, por primera vez en la historia moderna de México, las autoridades municipales tuvieran la posibilidad de reelección inmediata a partir de 2018. Este cambio podría mejorar la gestión local, pero también podría reforzar los cacicazgos que aún existen en las regiones del país. En 2014, poco después de la aprobación de dicha reforma, se levantó una encuesta en la que participaron 1 517 ciudadanos de la ZMG. Los datos se analizaron con un modelo de regresión logística ordinal, cuyos principales hallazgos son que los ciudadanos apoyarían la reelección en función de su percepción del desempeño del alcalde, al considerar una buena policía municipal y un bajo nivel de corrupción; esto es consistente con la teoría. Además, se descubrió que los ciudadanos que simpatizan con algún partido tienen más inclinación por la reelección del presidente municipal, en contraste con las personas en los rangos más altos de edad que mostraron rechazo a esta idea. Al final del artículo, se exponen las limitaciones de este trabajo, así como futuras oportunidades de estudio sobre este tema.
Diversidad, Estructura y Composición de la Flora Vascular del Campus de la Universidad ISA, Santiago, República Dominicana
Authors: Bobadilla-Peñaló Elí Misael , Acosta Martínez Luis Alejandro 
Published: January 2021

Se presenta la lista de especies, estructura y composición de la flora vascular del Campus de la Universidad ISA, Santiago, República Dominicana. La lista incluye el nombre científico, la familia botánica, la forma de vida, el estatus de conservación y la distribución geográfica, así como algunos de sus principales usos etnobotánicos. El Campus alberga un total de 312 especies de plantas vasculares distribuidas en 81 familias y 254 géneros. Las familias con mayor riqueza son Fabaceae (29), Poaceae (19), Asteraceae y Malvaceae (15), Arecaceae (14), Euphorbiaceae (12), Asparagaceae (10), Araceae, Bignoniaceae y Myrtaceae (9). Las formas de vida más representadas fueron la arbórea 106 (34 %) y la herbácea 95 (30 %), respectivamente. De las 312 especies, 6 son endémicas, 124 nativas y 183 introducidas, de las cuales 14 son consideradas como potencialmente invasoras. Ocho taxones se encuentran bajo alguna categoría de amenaza, de acuerdo con los criterios de la UICN y la Lista Roja de la República Dominicana. Estas especies son: Agave vivipara L., Dypsis decaryi (Jum.) Beentje & J.Dransf, Jacaranda mimosifolia D.Don., Swietenia macrophylla King, bajo la categoría de Vulnerable (VU), Coffea arabica L., Pinus occidentalis Sw. Bajo la categoría de En Peligro (EN) y Leuenbergeria quisqueyana (Alain) Lodé.
Effect Of Leadership Style and Employee Engagement on Employee Performance At Bank BJB Branch of South Tangerang City
Authors: Siti Aas Asyiah  , Hartono Bambang Dwi 
Published: January 2021

The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of leadership style and employee engagement on employee performance at Bank BJB branch of South Tangerang. The method used is descriptive quantitative, survey, with questionnaire, and with the technique of path analysis. Sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Data obtained using a measurement tool in the form of a questionnaire was processed using SPSS 25, to know the effect of each variable. Data analysis methods used, partial regression analysis and multiple regression combined with path analysis to further clarify the relationship between variables. The results of this study showed that there is: negative and insignificant direct effect between Leadership Style variable on Employee Performance, obtained path coefficient of 0.258 with a significance of t of 0.595. The positive and significant direct effect between the Leadership Style variable on the Employee Engagement variable, obtained a path coefficient of 0.505 with a significance T of 0.000. The effectiveness of the leadership style of a leader depends on factors of organizational culture, authority possessed, goals, ability to influence, both formal and informal. Attachment or involvement of subordinates influences very significantly on organizational performance, and good performance is a performance that follows procedures according to established standards, and with several criteria in order to increase productivity therefore it is expected to run in accordance with what is desired..
Factors Associated with Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet among Palestinian High School femalesâ€™ students in Hebron city: Cross-sectional study
Authors: Hamdan May , Badrasawi Manal , Zidan Souzan 
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Adopting an eating pattern complying with the Mediterranean diet not only reduces body fat mass and obesity risk, but also decreases the development of various health problems. However, Mediterranean countries have testified a reduced adherence during the past years and the adoption of a more westernized dietary pattern. The main aim of our study is to explore the Mediterranean diet adherence and to evaluate the relationship between KIDMED scores and selected variables school students in Hebron city, Palestine.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 360 voluntary female student, aged between 15-18 years. Socio-demographic data, nutritional habits, and anthropometric measurements were obtained from self-administered questionnaires. The Mediterranean Diet Quality Index for children and adolescents was used to assess the adherence to the Mediterranean diet.
Results: Results indicated that 37.5% of the students had a low adherence to Mediterranean diet, 53.1% had a moderate adherence to Mediterranean diet, and 9.40% had a high adherence to Mediterranean diet. KIDMED scores are significantly associated all dietary habits listed below, with an exception for following a diet plan. Furthermore, it was noticed that KIDMED scores are negatively associated with age, first meal, and overnight fasting. On the other hand, the scores are positively associated with last meal, and number of main meals.
Conclusions: In conclusion, results should plead for an increased awareness in Palestinian high- schools, supporting students to be more adherent to the Mediterranean diet, in order to prevent a further increase in metabolic diseases later in adulthood.
AN ANALYSIS OF LEARNERS’ SOLUTION STRATEGIES IN THE CONTEXT OF MODELLING TASKS
Authors: Reit Xenia-Rosemarie , Schäfer Marc 
Published: January 2021

It remains a challenge for teachers to integrate modeling tasks in everyday mathematics classes. Many studies have been conducted that show the difficulties faced by teachers. One of the challenging aspects in this regard is that of assessment. In the present study, a connection between structures of learners’ solution strategies and cognitive considerations is established to develop a practice-oriented instrument to determine and assess the complexity of solution strategies of modeling tasks. In this paper, the selected learners’ strategies’ structure was analyzed in-depth to identify the underlying cognitive structure. The results show that thought operations carried out in parallel complicated a solution strategy. However, the results also support a purely sequential thought operation approach without weighting parallel thought operations, which corresponds to an intuitive assessment procedure by mathematics teachers. As assessment is a great challenge for many teachers in the context of modeling tasks, this study provides a promising frame of reference for further research in this important domain of assessment and modeling.
PERIWAYATAN HADIS DENGAN MAKNA MENURUT MUHADDITSIN
Authors: Abd. Gani Burhanuddin 
Published: January 2021

Perawi hadis adalah salah satu dari manusia yang tidak terlepas dari rasa lupa dana tau kekurangan lainnya. Maka diantara perawi dalam menyampaikan hadis kepada rang lain adalah dengan lafadh aslinya tanpa menggantikan atau dan menambahkan teks-teks kalimat hadis sebagaimana ia mendengarkannya dari Rasulullah Saw. adakalanya meriwayatkan sesuatu hadis kepada orang lain dengan maknanya. Asal tidak menyimpang dari pengertian sesuatu hadis disebabkan penambahan dan atau menggantikan sebahagian kalimat dari sesuatu hadis dengan kalimat yang lain. Para ulama berbeda pendapat tentang periwayatan hadis dengan makna. Sebahagian ulama hadis, ahli fiqh dan ulama ushul mengatakan bahwa para perawi wajib meriwayatkannya dengan lafadh sebagaimana ia mendengarnya dari Nabi Saw. Ketegasan yang senada juga pernah dikemukakan oleh Abu Bakar Ibn al ‘Arabi, Muhammad Ibn Suri, Qasim Ibn Muhammad dan Abu Bakar al-Razi.
PEMAKAIAN CADAR DALAM PERSPEKTIF MUFASSIRIN DAN FUQAHA’
Authors: Syekh A. Karim 
Published: January 2021

Pemakaian cadar bagi wanita muslimah dalam dasarwarsa terakhir ini telah menjadi pembicaraan hangat di media massa. Terjadi pro-kontra dalam menyikapi wanita bercadar di kalangan masyarakat Indonesia. Sebagian masyarakat muslim menganggap aneh dan berlebihan terhadap wanita bercadar karena dianggap melanggar tradisi yang berkembang dalam masyarakat. Ada pula cendekiawan muslim yang mengklaim cadar sebagai hasil budaya Arab Jahiliyah yang masih dilestarikan oleh sebagian wanita muslimah sampai sekarang. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut maka penulis ingin mendapatkan jawaban terhadap pertanyaan, bagaimana pandangan para mufassirin (para ahli tafsir) terhadap pemakaian cadar bagi wanita muslimah ? Dan bagaimana hukum pemakaian cadar bagi wanita muslimah yang telah di-istinbath-kan oleh para fuqaha’ ? Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pembahasan difokuskan pada pengkajian pemakaian cadar dalam perspektif para mufasisirin dan fuqaha’. Untuk mendapatkan informasi yang akurat dan holistik peneliti gunakan metode mawdhu’i (tematik) yang disajikan secara deskriptif kualitatif. Setelah diadakan penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemakaian cadar bagi kaum wanita telah ada pada sebagian masyarakat Arab dan negeri-negeri lain di luar Arab sebelum agama Islam. Cadar yang berfungsi sebagai penutup muka, termasuk hidung dan mulut, ternyata diperselisihkan hukumnya oleh para ulama, baik para ulama ahli tafsir maupun para ulama ahli fiqh antara yang menghukum wajib dan yang tidak wajib (mandub dan mubah). Terjadinya perbedaan pendapat di kalangan para ulama tentang cadar disebabkan oleh karena perbedaan penafsiran terhadap ayat ayat al-Qur’an dan penilaian terhadap hadits yang ada kaitannya dengan batasan aurat wanita muslimah.
PERBEDAAN KENABIAN DENGAN KERAJAAN DALAM Al-QUR’AN
Authors: Muhammad Muhammad Thaib 
Published: January 2021

Alquran merupakan kalammullah Swt yang diturunkan kepada nabi Muhammad Saw untuk disampaikan kepada umatnya, yang di dalamnya mengandung semua aspek kehidupan manusia, termasuk di dalamnya tentang kenabian dan kerajaan. Dalam tulisan ini penulis menulis tentang “Perbedaan Kenabian Dengan Kerajaan dalam Al Qur’an”. Al Qur’an menjelaskan perbedaan yang sangat jauh antara nabi dan raja. Nabi merupakan manusia pilihan Allah Swt, Yang diperintahkan untuk menjalankan dakwahnya di permukaan bumi inimdan menjadi suri teladan yang baik di tengah-tengah masyarakat dengan mendapatkan pertolongan dari Allah Swt. Sedangkan raja adalah dipilih dan diangkat oleh suatu komunitas masyarakat dengan menjalankan kerajaannya menurut kehendak rajanya atau aturan yang dibuat oleh raja dan pembantupembantunya. Nabi ada juga dijadikan sebagai raja, tapi kalangan raja tidak ada yang dipilih oleh Allah Swt sebagai nabi. Nabi dalam menjalankan dakwahnya diilhami dengan 4 sifat: yaitu, shiddiq, amanah, tabligh dan fathanah. Para nabi semuanya laki-laki, sedangkan para raja dari laki-laki dan perempuan dan bersifat hirarki heraditi (bersifat keturunan). Nabi, dalam menjalankan dakwahnya mendapat tantangan berat dari umatnya. Sedangkan raja ada yang menekan rakyatnya.
Korelasi Salat Dengan Fahsha' dan Mungkar Dalam Perspektif Al-Qur'an (Studi QS Al-Ankabut 45)
Authors: Nurfadliyati Nurfadliyati 
Published: January 2021

This article aims to explore causality Qs.Al-Ankabut: 45 "Prayer prohibits immorality (fahsha') and wrongdoing (munkar)", There is a cause and effect if prayer is performed, it will prevent the prayer from immorality and wrongdoing. However, Quraish Shihab said that this verse was the subject of discussion and questions of the ulama, especially after seeing many who prayed but the prayer he did not need from immorality and wrongdoing. This is what encourages the author to study this verse, how the meaning of Islamic prayer in the Qur'an, and what is the meaning immorality (Fahsha') and wrongdoing (munkar) in the Qur'an and how to correlation salat with immorality and wrongdoing. The method is library research, which is research conducted to collect and analyze data sourced from libraries, in the form of books, scientific magazines and various library sources which are used as research references. With data collection and documentation techniques, as for the proposed are various literacy works relating to the subject matter in this study. The results of the authors find that prayers that prevent acts of immorality and wrongdoing are prayers that are done sincerely, done according to the conditions, in harmony, and done with great solemnity, a submissive heart,keeping the prayers and being done continuously and doing sunnah prayers recommended. If the prayer is done in such a way, then the prayer can deter and prevent those who do it from immorality and wrongdoing.
GOSTO, LOGO ACREDITO: O FUNCIONAMENTO COGNITIVO-ARGUMENTATIVO DAS FAKE NEWS
Authors: Seixas Rodrigo 
Published: January 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é o de empreender, em tempos de forte radicalização política e conflito, um estudo de caso em que se observa a ocorrência de dissonância cognitiva (Festinger, 1962) própria ao fenômeno das fake news. Para tanto, algumas estratégias cognitivas, tal como a de (re)enquadramento cognitivo (Breton, 1999), será analisada a fim de verificar a construção discursiva das notícias falsas.
O testemunho de uma experiência humana: uma análise enunciativa
Authors: Battisti Márcio , Stumpf Toldo Oudeste Claudia 
Published: January 2021

Neste estudo, tomamos como instrumento de análise a teoria da enunciação apresentada na obra de Émile Benveniste (2006) e o pensamento filosófico de Giorgio Agamben (2008), no que diz respeito à noção de testemunha para descrevermos a relação entre linguagem, homem e língua no processo de construção de um testemunho sobre um caso de agressão a uma professora catarinense, ocorrido em 2017. Palavras-chave: Enunciação; testemunha; discurso político.
O Palácio de Cristal: Dostoiévski, cientificismo e a linguagem digital
Authors: Lamha Leonardo Petersen 
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho propõe que a imagem do Palácio de Cristal, articulada por Fiódor Dostoiévski em Memórias do subsolo, pode ser pertinente para representar o mundo digital contemporâneo. Para isso, o artigo investiga o ideal cientificista do século XIX como origem do desenvolvimento da tecnologia digital, com o objetivo de mostrar os primeiros passos de tal linguagem em diálogo com a literatura.