bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High PHD Finger Protein 19 (PHF19) expression predicts poor prognosis in colorectal cancer: a retrospective study
Authors: Li Pengfei , Sun Jie , Ruan Yuanyuan , Song Lujun 
Published: June 2021

Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer all around the world, and it seriously threats human health. PHF19 has been proved to be closely related to the prognosis of patients in a variety of malignant tumors, but the effect of PHF19 on the prognosis evaluation of CRC patients has not been confirmed.

Methods
In our study, we used GEO, TCGA database and IHC to verify the PHF19 expression in CRC samples. Survival analysis of PHF19 based on TCGA, GEO series, and our own CRC sample were performed. Cox regression was performed to reveal the relationship between PHF19 and prognosis. Co-expression was performed to find genes related to PHF19 expression. GO/KEGG enrichment analysis and GSEA analysis were used to confirm the most relevant signal pathway to PHF19. Next, cell experiments were performed to verify the effect of PHF19 on the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of CRC. Then, Western blot was used to verify the protein expression of the above two phenotypes. Finally, tumor formation experiments in nude mice were used to verify the role of PHF19 of tumor proliferation in vivo.

Results
We found that PHF19 was significantly over-expressed in tumors compared with normal tissues. Kaplan–Meier (K–M) analysis indicated that high PHF19 in CRC associated with poor overall survival (OS) in CRC patients. Clinical correlation analysis showed that high expression of PHF19 was closely related to t umor progression in CRC patients, especially infiltration and metastasis. Bioinformatics revealed that PHF19 might affect tumor malignant phenotype by regulating the cell cycle in CRC. CCK-8 and clonal formation experiment showed that the proliferative ability of tumor cells was promoted. Flow cytometry showed that the cell cycle accelerated the transition from G1 to S phase. Western blot found that Cyclin D1, CDK4, and CDK6 expression were up-regulated. Transwell and wound-healing experiment found that invasive and migratory abilities was promoted after the over-expression of PHF19. Western blot showed that the expression of key proteins of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) changed. Tumor formation experiments in nude mice showed that overexpression of PHF19 could promote tumor proliferation in vivo.

Conclusion
Our research proved that PHF19 could be an independent prognostic factor for CRC, PHF19 promoted the proliferative ability and the invasion and metastasis of CRC by up-regulating the expression of key molecules related to cell cycle and EMT pathway in vitro, promoting tumor proliferation in vivo.
Investigation into Grade XI Students’ Misconception about the Limit Concept: A Case Study at Samtse Higher Secondary School in Bhutan
Authors: Kado . 
Published: June 2021

In the study of calculus, the concept of limit of function occupies a central role as it is important instruments used in the study of the theory of rate of change, continuity, integral calculus, and differential calculus. Despite its significance, the secondary students hold the inadequate understanding of the limit concepts, more over their concept image of the limit function deviated from the concept definition resulting in the misconception. This study aims to identify the misconception in the limit of function and possible causes of misconceptions. This study was done in two phases, a concept test based on limit of function was administered to all 25 students of Samtse Higher Secondary School. Subsequently, based on the errors and misconception demonstrated by students from the concept test, five students were purposively selected and interviewed to corroborate the finding from concept test to confirm the existence of misconception and its causes. Data from the transcripts, capturing essential and relevant bits of student's responses to each question, was collected. The data were analyzed and result of the study can be described as follows; it was found that learners only think of the manipulative aspect when solving problems on limits and not of the limit concept, confusion over the concept of the limit and value of function, and ambiguity regarding the formal definition of the limit of function. The possible cause of the misconceptions can be attributed to instrumental learning and lack of the sound knowledge in algebra which is cornerstone to understand the limit concept.
Investigation of absolute dose calibration accuracy for TomoTherapy using real water
Authors: Pang Tingtian , Yang Bo , Liu Xia , Castle James R. , Yu Lang , Liu Nan , Li Wenbo , Dong Tingting , Qiu Jie , Chen Quan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA systematic bias in TomoTherapy output calibration was reported by the Imaging and Radiation Oncology Core Houston (IROC‐H) after analyzing intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) credentialing results from hundreds of TomoTherapy units. Multiple theories were developed to explain this observation. One theory was that the use of a solid water “cheese” phantom instead of real water in the calibration measurement was the culprit. A phantom filled with distilled water was built to investigate whether our TomoTherapy was miscalibrated due to the use of a solid water phantom. A miscalibration of −1.47% was detected on our TomoTherapy unit. It is found that despite following the vendor's updated recommendation on computed tomography (CT) number to density calibration, the cheese phantom was still mapped to a density of 1.028 g/cm3, rather than the 1.01 g/cm3value reported in literature. When the density of the cheese phantom was modified to 1.01 g/cm3in the treatment planning system, the measurement also indicated that our TomoTherapy machine was miscalibrated by −1.52%, agreeing with the real water phantom findings. Our single‐institution finding showed that the cheese phantom density assignment can introduce greater than 1% errors in the TomoTherapy absolute dose calibration. It is recommended that the absolute dose calibration for TomoTherapy be performed either in real water or in the cheese phantom with the density in TPS overridden as 1.01 g/cm3.
Exploring the Role of Antinuclear Antibody Positivity in the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Health Outcomes of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Paknikar Sujaytha S. , Crowson Cynthia S. , Davis John M. , Thanarajasingam Uma 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to describe differences in the clinical course of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who are antinuclear antibody (ANA)–positive compared with those who are ANA‐negative.MethodsThis was a retrospective population‐based cohort study of residents in Olmsted County, Minnesota, who first fulfilled 1987 American College of Rheumatology criteria for RA in 2009‐2014. Data were collected on first documentation of joint swelling. Data on rheumatoid factor or anti‐cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody testing and the ANA level were also collected. Comparisons between groups were performed by using χ2 and rank sum tests.ResultsIn this cohort, 64% of patients were tested for ANA within ±90 days of RA criteria fulfillment. In the161 patients with ANA testing, 25% were ANA‐positive. Patients who were ANA‐positive were younger, female, and less likely to be current smokers. ANA positivity did not differ between patients with RA who were seropositive and seronegative. In seropositive patients who were ANA‐positive, there was an increased time to fulfillment of RA criteria, increased time to treatment with disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), and increased likelihood of being treated with hydroxychloroquine as opposed to methotrexate. Other outcomes, including disease activity and mortality, did not differ significantly between groups.ConclusionIn patients with RA, important differences exist between those who are ANA‐positive and ANA‐negative in terms of time to fulfillment of RA criteria and time to DMARD initiation as well as choice of initial pharmacotherapy. These findings could indicate a difference in clinical presentation or perception of patients with RA who are ANA‐positive. Further research is needed to study the long‐term outcomes of patients with RA who are ANA‐positive.
Uniform Magnesium Electrodeposition via Synergistic Coupling of Current Homogenization, Geometric Confinement, and Chemisorption Effect
Authors: Song Zihao , Zhang Zhonghua , Du Aobing , Dong Shanmu , Li Guicun , Cui Guanglei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractUnevenly distributed magnesium (Mg) electrodeposits have emerged as a major obstacle for Mg‐metal batteries. A comprehensive design matrix is reported for 3D magnesiophilic hosts, which regulate the uniform Mg electrodeposition through a synergistic coupling of homogenizing current distribution, geometric confinement, and chemisorptive interaction. Vertically aligned nitrogen‐ and oxygen‐doped carbon nanofiber arrays on carbon cloth (denoted as “VNCA@C”) are developed as a proof of concept. The evenly arranged short nanoarray architecture helps to homogenize the surface current density and the microchannels built in this 3D host allow the preferential nucleation of Mg due to their geometrical confinement effect. Besides, the nitrogen‐/oxygen‐doped carbon species exhibit strong chemisorptive interaction toward Mg atoms, providing preferential nucleation sites as demonstrated by first‐principle calculation results. Electrochemical analysis reveals a peculiar yet highly reversible microchannel‐filling growth behavior of Mg metals, which empowers the delicately designed VNCA@C host with the ability to deliver a reduced nucleation overpotential of 429 mV at 10.0 mA cm−2 and an elongated Mg plating/stripping cycle life (110 cycles) under high current density of 10.0 mA cm−2. The proposed design matrix can be extended to other metal anodes (such as lithium and zinc) for high‐energy‐density batteries.
An Efficient Narrowband Near‐Infrared at 1040 nm Organic Photodetector Realized by Intermolecular Charge Transfer Mediated Coupling Based on a Squaraine Dye
Authors: Kim Jin Hong , Liess Andreas , Stolte Matthias , Krause Ana‐Maria , Stepanenko Vladimir , Zhong Chuwei , Bialas David , Spano Frank , Würthner Frank 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA highly sensitive short‐wave infrared (SWIR, λ > 1000 nm) organic photodiode (OPD) is described based on a well‐organized nanocrystalline bulk‐heterojunction (BHJ) active layer composed of a dicyanovinyl‐functionalized squaraine dye (SQ‐H) donor material in combination with PC61BM. Through thermal annealing, dipolar SQ‐H chromophores self‐assemble in a nanoscale structure with intermolecular charge transfer mediated coupling, resulting in a redshifted and narrow absorption band at 1040 nm as well as enhanced charge carrier mobility. The optimized OPD exhibits an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 12.3% and a full‐width at half‐maximum of only 85 nm (815 cm−1) at 1050 nm under 0 V, which is the first efficient SWIR OPD based on J‐type aggregates. Photoplethysmography application for heart‐rate monitoring is successfully demonstrated on flexible substrates without applying reverse bias, indicating the potential of OPDs based on short‐range coupled dye aggregates for low‐power operating wearable applications.
Tough‐Hydrogel Reinforced Low‐Tortuosity Conductive Networks for Stretchable and High‐Performance Supercapacitors
Authors: Hua Mutian , Wu Shuwang , Jin Yin , Zhao Yusen , Yao Bowen , He Ximin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAll‐solid‐state supercapacitors are seeing emerging applications in flexible and stretchable electronics. Supercapacitors with high capacitance, high power density, simple form factor, and good mechanical robustness are highly desired, which demands electrode materials with high surface area, high mass loading, good conductivity, larger thickness, low tortuosity, and high toughness. However, it has been challenging to simultaneously realize them in a single material. By compositing a superficial layer of tough hydrogel on conductive and low tortuous foams, a thick capacitor electrode with large capacitance (5.25 F cm‐2), high power density (41.28 mW cm‐2), and good mechanical robustness (ε = 140%, Γ = 1000 J m‐2) is achieved. The tough hydrogel serves as both a load‐bearing layer to maintain structural integrity during deformation and a permeable binder to allow interaction between the conductive electrode and electrolyte. It is shown that the tough hydrogel reinforcement is beneficial for both electrical and mechanical stability. With a simple design and facile fabrication, this strategy is generalizable for various conductive materials.
The BIN1 rs744373 Alzheimer's disease risk SNP is associated with faster Aβ‐associated tau accumulation and cognitive decline
Authors: Franzmeier Nicolai , Ossenkoppele Rik , Brendel Matthias , Rubinski Anna , Smith Ruben , Kumar Atul , Mattsson‐Carlgren Niklas , Strandberg Olof , Duering Marco , Buerger Katharina , Dichgans Martin , Hansson Oskar , Ewers Michael ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)* and the Swedish BioFINDER study
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe BIN1 rs744373 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is a key genetic risk locus for Alzheimer's disease (AD) associated with tau pathology. Because tau typically accumulates in response to amyloid beta (Aβ), we tested whether BIN1 rs744373 accelerates Aβ‐related tau accumulation.MethodsWe included two samples (Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative [ADNI], n = 153; Biomarkers for Identifying Neurodegenerative Disorders Early and Reliably [BioFINDER], n = 63) with longitudinal 18F‐Flortaucipir positron emission tomography (PET), Aβ biomarkers, and longitudinal cognitive assessments. We assessed whether BIN1 rs744373 was associated with faster tau‐PET accumulation at a given level of Aβ and whether faster BIN1 rs744373‐associated tau‐PET accumulation mediated cognitive decline.ResultsBIN1 rs744373 risk‐allele carriers showed faster global tau‐PET accumulation (ADNI/BioFINDER, P < .001/P < .001). We found significant Aβ by rs744373 interactions on global tau‐PET change (ADNI: β/standard error [SE] = 0.42/0.14, P = 0.002; BioFINDER: β/SE = –0.35/0.15, P = .021), BIN1 risk‐allele carriers showed accelerated tau‐PET accumulation at higher Aβ levels. In ADNI, rs744373 effects on cognitive decline were mediated by faster global tau‐PET accumulation (β/SE = 0.20/0.07, P = .005).DiscussionBIN1‐associated AD risk is potentially driven by accelerated tau accumulation in the face of Aβ.
Graphene oxide‐containing isocyanate‐based polyimide foams: Enhanced thermal stability and flame retardancy
Authors: Çakir Mustafa , Kılıç Volkan , Boztoprak Yalçın , Özmen Fadime Karaer 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIsocyanate‐based graphene oxide‐containing polyimide foams were synthesized by a semi‐prepolymer method. In this method, while the first solution containing pre‐polymer was derived from pyromellitic dianhydride and excess polymethylene polyphenylene isocyanate (PM200), the second solution contains dianhydride derivatives, water, catalysts, surfactants, and graphene oxide. PIFs were prepared with 0%, 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, and 1% graphene oxide by weight, respectively. PIFs exhibited a minimum side reaction and urea generation was not seen for all PIFs instead of imide bonding. The addition of graphene oxide (GO) leads to a more close‐packed structure. Therefore, crosslinking density and thermal stability of graphene oxide‐containing polyimide foams increased. Upon the addition of 1% GO, almost seven times higher compression strength was obtained compared to neat PIFs. Also, LOI values supported the theory that thermally stable and flame retardant PIFs can be synthesized via the isocyanate‐based process with GO.
Simultaneous determination of 3‐n‐butylphthalide and its metabolite 10‐hydroxy‐butylphthalide in rat plasma using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and application to a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Lin Li‐Shu , Lin Li‐Ling , Lin Tao , Wu Yan‐An 
Published: June 2021

Abstract3‐n‐Butylphthalide (NBP) is a potent drug for the treatment of ischemic stroke. The aim of this study was to develop a simple and sensitive ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometric (UPLC–MS/MS) method for the simultaneous determination of NBP and its circulating metabolite 10‐hydroxy‐NBP in rat plasma using senkyunolide I as the internal standard (IS). The analytes and IS were extracted from the plasma by ethyl acetate–ethyl ether (1:5, v/v) and then separated on an ACQUITY BEH C18 column (2.1 × 50 mm, 1.7 μm). The mobile phase consisted of water containing 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile containing 0.1% formic acid, which was delivered at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min with gradient elution. MS detection was achieved under selective reaction monitoring mode with precursor‐to‐product transitions at m/z 191.1 > 145.1 for NBP, m/z 207.1 > 171.1 for 10‐hydroxy‐NBP and m/z 207.1 > 161.1 for IS, respectively. The assay showed excellent linearity over the concentration range of 0.5–1000 ng/mL for both analytes, with correlation coefficient greater than 0.998. The other validation parameters were all within the required limits. The validated UPLC–MS/MS method has been further applied to the pharmacokinetic study of NBP and 10‐hydroxy‐NBP in rats after they were orally administered with NBP (30 mg/kg).
Lessons in Organic Fluorescent Probe Discovery
Authors: Wagh Sachin B. , Maslivetc Vladimir A. , La Clair James J. , Kornienko Alexander 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFluorescent probes have gained profound use in biotechnology, drug discovery, medical diagnostics, molecular and cell biology. The development of methods for the translation of fluorophores into fluorescent probes continues to be a robust field for medicinal chemists and chemical biologists, alike. Access to new experimental designs has enabled molecular diversification and led to the identification of new approaches to probe discovery. This review provides a synopsis of the recent lessons in modern fluorescent probe discovery.
Bühne frei für das „Who is who” der Prozessindustrie
Authors: Rübberdt Kathrin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSich über eine neue Pumpe informieren? Mit CEOs aus aller Welt virtuell über die Wasserstoffwirtschaft diskutieren? Oder einen Forschungsvortrag über die Simulation von Fluiden hören? All das und noch viel mehr bietet die ACHEMA Pulse mit ihrem Live‐Progr
Erkenntnis aus dem Abwasser
Authors: Böhringer Christine 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDie Europäische Union empfiehlt ihren Mitgliedsstaaten seit kurzem ein Abwassermonitoring als Corona‐Frühwarnsystem. Bislang war die Technik dafür noch nicht ausgereift. Gemeinsam mit seinem Tochterunternehmen Analytik Jena hat Endress+Hauser nun ein Nach
Zuverlässigkeit an einem Kabel
Authors: Greber Oleg 
Published: June 2021

AbstractÜberaus zuverlässig, einfach zu installieren und in nahezu allen Flüssigkeiten einsetzbar – die „Popularität‟ der Füllstandsmessung mit Pegelsonden ist leicht nachzuvollziehen. Die Messmethode auf Basis des hydrostatischen Drucks eignet sich für die unter
Ohne Aufsicht Dampf im Kessel
Authors: Mahne Dominik 
Published: June 2021

AbstractModerne Dampfkesselanlagen sollen möglichst lange im Dauerbetrieb ohne Beaufsichtigung laufen können. Die zuverlässige, automatische Überwachung aller kritischen Stellen und Parameter wie Füllstand oder Leitfähigkeit des Kesselwassers gewährleistet das SP
Einfach sicher und sicher einfacher
Authors: Rigor Lorena 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDas Ventex Explosionsschutzventil verfügt in der neuen Generation in sämtlichen Nennweiten über eine Strömungsgeschwindigkeit von mindestens 30 m/s und gewährleistet damit ein noch höheres Maß an Prozesssicherheit. Das Ventil kann unmittelbar vor oder na
The impact of isothermal flow assumption on accuracy of pressure transient analysis results
Authors: Dastkhan Yaghoub , Kazemi Alireza 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAdiabatic expansion and viscous dissipation of fluid flow in porous media result in considerable heating or cooling of hydrocarbon fluids when pressure gradients are very large. Traditionally, fluid flow in porous media has been assumed isothermal in hydrocarbon reservoirs. While this assumption helps with simplifying the physics of fluid flow by neglecting the thermal effects, it imposes a dominant impact on fluid properties in situations where flow undergoes fast paced and abrupt changes in flow rate and or pressure. The analytical solutions of fluid flow for pressure transient analysis rely on the isothermal flow assumption. Since the variations of fluid properties are not accounted for in temperature fluctuations, there is an inherent error in standard methods of well test analysis. In this paper, the errors in pressure transient analysis as a consequence of the assumption of isothermal fluid flow are investigated. The magnitude of error is quantified as a function of flow rate and pressure drop. Error analysis shows that at higher flow rates, the thermal impacts are elevated such that the application of isothermal flow models becomes erroneous and invalid. It can be shown that oil well tests are more influenced by thermal effects compared to gas well tests in conventional dry gas reservoirs. This study highlights an important thermal impact that is often neglected and should be considered in the design, execution, and analysis stages of well testing. Also, it suggests that isothermal analytical models should be avoided for well test analysis with large flow rates.
Inhibition of calcium sulphate hemihydrate crystallization under simulated conditions of phosphoric acid evaporation
Authors: Tanquero Juan G. , Abdel‐Aal El‐Sayed A. , Farinato Raymond S. , El‐Shall Hassan , Moudgil Brij M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNucleation and crystal growth of CaSO4 ∙ 0.5H2O (calcium sulphate hemihydrate) was studied under conditions simulating scale formation in phosphoric acid production evaporators. Phosphoric acid, calcium hydrogen phosphate, and sulphuric acid were mixed at 88°C. The induction time was determined using a turbidimeter across a range of supersaturation from 1.3–3.5. Crystallization equations, taking as input the induction time and supersaturation, were used to calculate surface energy, nucleation rate, free energy, and the critical nucleus radius of CaSO4 ∙ 0.5H2O with and without the addition of 75 mg/L of various scale inhibitors: polyacrylic acid (PAA) 8000 g/mol, poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) <100 000 g/mol, or polyethyleneimine (PEI) 60 000 g/mol. The results suggest that PEI is capable of inhibiting crystal growth through the impediment of crystal nucleation.
Expanded Graphite Inserted by Few Red Phosphorus for Improved Sodium Storage at Room Temperature and Low Temperatures
Authors: Zhou Li‐Feng , Gong He , Liu Li‐Ying , Wang Yi‐Song , Du Tao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries are experiencing a rapid development as one of the most promising candidates to replace lithium‐ion batteries. Carbonaceous materials attract widespread attention because of the successful commercialization. Among them, expanded graphite with a long‐range‐ordered layered structure and a high specific surface area gain further exploration and modification as potential materials. Expanded graphite inserted by few red phosphorus was prepared by oxidation/reduction process and vapor deposition process and exhibited a high reversible specific capacity of 418 mAh g−1 at a current density of 100 mA g−1 and 296 mAh g−1 with the retention of 83.3% after 1000 cycles at the current density of 500 mA g−1 at room temperature. At −10 °C, a reversible capacity of 228 mAh g−1 with a retention of nearly 100% after 100 cycles was obtained. At a low temperature of −50 °C, a specific capacity of more than 50 mAh g−1 remains, indicating actual availability under extreme cold conditions.