bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of PVDF‐B4C mixed matrix membrane for ultrafiltration of protein and photocatalytic dye removal
Authors: Ouyang Yuanyuan , Otitoju Tunmise Ayode , Jiang Dafu , Li Sanxi , Shoparwe Noor Fazliani , Wang Song , Zhang Ailing 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this work, polyvinylidene fluoride‐boron carbide mixed matrix membranes were synthesized via phase inversion method. The synthesized membranes were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction spectroscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, porosity, and contact angle. The mixed matrix membranes (0–5 wt.% of boron carbide) were tested for ultrafiltration of bovine serum albumin solution and photodegradation property using rhodamine B and methylene blue dyes. The morphological images reveal the existence of boron carbide particles on the surface of the membranes. Upon introduction of B4C particles, the performance of the membranes was improved: permeate flux increases from 163.13 to 351.15 L/m2 h; bovine serum albumin rejection increased from 77.1% to 99.1%; relative flux reduction decreased from 45.58% to 16.06%; flux recovery ratio increased from 61.71% to 98.42%. Furthermore, maximum photodegradation yield was observed for membranes with 4 wt.% boron carbide particles with degradation efficiency of 96.7% and 96% for rhodamine B and methylene blue dyes, respectively. Furthermore, the rate constant of the optimum membrane was higher than the pristine membrane (about 2.05 and 2.26 times higher for rhodamine B and methylene blue dyes, respectively). Indeed, the mixed matrix membranes present a great prospect for the photodegradation of organic dyes.
Oxygen Vacancies Enhance Lithium‐Ion Storage Properties of TiO2 Hierarchical Spheres
Authors: Li Zhaoqian , Peng Yuqi , Zhang Xianxi , Ren Yingke , Chen Wangchao , Xu Feng , Wang Ning , Liu Chaofeng , Mo Lie , Ding Yanwei , Hu Linhua , Ji Denghui , Cao Guozhong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTitanium dioxide (TiO2) is a promising electrode material for reversible lithium storage. However, the poor electronic conductivity, sluggish diffusivity, and intrinsic kinetics limit hinder its fast lithium storage capability. Here we present that the oxygen‐deficient TiO2 hierarchical spheres can address the issues for high capacity, long‐term lithium‐ion battery anode. First‐principles calculations show that introducing oxygen vacancies to anatase TiO2 can reduce the bandgap, thus improving the electronic conductivity and further the lithium storage properties of TiO2. By annealing TiO2/H2Ti5O11⋅3H2O hierarchical spheres precursor in nitrogen, accompanying with the phase transfer process, the growth of TiO2 crystallites is restricted due to the generation of residual carbon species, resulting in a well maintained hierarchical spherical structure. Rich oxygen vacancies are generated in the oxygen‐deficient environment and evidenced by EPR, XPS, and UV‐Vis spectra, which enable the TiO2 hierarchical spheres reduced bandgap. The oxygen vacancies in the as‐obtained TiO2 hierarchical spheres together with the high structural integrity of the hierarchical spheres gives rise to superior lithium storage properties including a high specific capacity of 282 mAh g−1 at 200 mA g−1, and long‐term cycling stability with a capacity retention of 85.2 % at 4 A g−1 over 10000 cycles.
Synthesis of the proposed structure of sibiriaester B and evaluation of its immunomodulatory properties
Authors: Sim Myeonghyeon , Yoon Jeong Min , Kim Soobin , Kim Kwangmi , Han Young Taek 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHerein, we report a concise synthesis of the proposed structure of sibiriaester B, a novel antioxidant phenyl caffeate derivative isolated from the leaves of Armeniaca sibirica. Proposed sibiriaester B was obtained via simple esterification between the known TBS‐protected caffeic acid and the commercially available methyl 4‐hydroxybenzoate, and subsequent deprotection. However, the NMR spectral data of the synthesized sibiriaester B were not consistent with those in previous reports. The structure of the synthesized sibiriaester B was confirmed using combined 2D‐NMR analysis, including COSY, HSQC, and HMBC. The synthesized sibiriaester B was observed to exhibit more potent immunomodulatory activity in murine epidermal T cells than p‐hydroxyphenyl caffeate, an immunomodulatory natural caffeate derivative, as treatment with sibiriaester B significantly reduced the production of interleukin 13 by murine epidermal T cells at lower concentrations than p‐hydroxyphenyl caffeate.
Facile and large‐scale production of Ag nanoparticles for selective electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction
Authors: Abbas Syed Asad , Ma Ahyeon , Seo Dongho , Lim Yun Ji , Park Joon Yong , Lee Gaehang , Nam Ki Min 
Published: September 2021

AbstractElectrochemical CO2 reduction to carbon monoxide (CO) is immensely important for sustainable CO2 recycling. In this study, we established a facile synthetic method for large‐scale production of Ag nanoparticles, which can be used for the selective electrochemical reduction of CO2 to CO. Thermal decomposition and reduction of AgNO3 produced Ag nanoparticles on a gram‐scale in high yield (over 90%) with a homogeneous size distribution. The oleylamine‐capped Ag nanoparticles were quasi‐spherical with diameters of 9 ± 2 nm. Ag nanoparticles are capable of electrochemical CO2 reduction to CO with high activity and stability. The CO selectivity of the catalyst was in the vicinity of 90% over a wide potential range and reached 94.2% at −1.4 V vs. RHE. The Ag nanoparticles showed good stability over 24 h. Different surface functional groups, for example, thiol and citrate were investigated to understand their influence on the variation in CO selectivity.
Application of neurally adjusted ventilatory assist in ventilator weaning of infants ventilator weaning
Authors: Xiao Shuna , Huang Chengjiao , Cheng Ying , Xia Zhi , Li Yong , Tang Wen , Shi Buyun , Wang Lijun , Shu Xiaolan , Jiang Ying , Qin Chenguang , Xu Hui 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundTo analyze the application of neurally adjusted ventilatory assist in ventilator weaning of infants.MethodsA total of 25 infants (15 boys and 10 girls) who were mechanically ventilated by PICU in Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital were selected as the study subjects. After the improvement of the basic disease, regular spontaneous breathing, and the withdrawal of the ventilator, all the children obtained the electrical activity of the diaphragm (EAdi) signal. Then, each child was given CPAP and NAVA mode mechanical ventilation 1 h before the withdrawal of the ventilator. Each detection index was recorded 30 min after each mode of ventilation.ResultsTwo of the 25 children were tracheotomized because of respiratory muscle weakness and could not be converted to NAVA mode without the EAdi signal. Hemodynamic indexes were not statistically different between the two groups of CPAP and NAVA. PaCO2 is not significantly different in the two modes, and both were at normal levels. The PIP in NAVA mode is lower than that in CPAP mode (p < .05), and its EAdi signal was correspondingly low. There were significant differences in the peak pressure (Ppeak), mean pressure (Pmean), and compliance and mean arterial pressure (p < .01) between the CPAP and NAVA model ventilation in 23 patients.ConclusionNAVA can significantly improve the coordination of patients. The therapeutic effect of NAVA was better, which was beneficial to the prognosis of patients and had positive application value in the withdrawal of ventilators in patients.
A meta‐analysis of comparisons of various surgical treatments for moyamoya diseases
Authors: Lin Kai , Sui Shaohua , Zhao Jing , Zhang Liyong , Chen Kun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPurposeIschemia is one of the most familiar complications in the different procedures for moyamoya disease (MMD), but the optimal surgical approaches for MMD remain unknown. We aimed to evaluate the efficiency of various surgical treatments.MethodsA literature search word was performed through four databases such as Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, and EMBASE for the literature published until May 2021. The I2 statistic was used to assess heterogeneity. A random/fixed‐effects model was used to pool.ResultsThere are a total of 18 studies including three surgical treatments such as including indirect, direct, and combined bypass in this study. The result revealed that indirect bypass was related to a higher incidence of recurrence stroke compared to the direct and combined bypass treatment (p = .001). Furthermore, the cases undergoing direct bypass were associated with a better angiographic change than the indirect bypass (OR = 3.254, p = .013).ConclusionThis meta‐analysis demonstrated a positive effect of using the direct and combined bypass to treat MMD compared to indirect bypass due to their lower rates of recurrence stroke.
Radiation nanosensitizers in cancer therapy—From preclinical discoveries to the outcomes of early clinical trials
Authors: Bilynsky Colette , Millot Nadine , Papa Anne‐Laure 
Published: September 2021

AbstractImproving the efficacy and spatial targeting of radiation therapy while sparing surrounding normal tissues has been a guiding principle for its use in cancer therapy. Nanotechnologies have shown considerable growth in terms of innovation and the development of new therapeutic approaches, particularly as radiosensitizers. The aim of this study was to systematically review how nanoparticles (NPs) are used to enhance the radiotherapeutic effect, including preclinical and clinical studies. Clinicaltrials.gov was used to perform the search using the following terms: radiation, cancer, and NPs. In this review, we describe the various designs of nano‐radioenhancers, the rationale for using such technology, as well as their chemical and biological effects. Human trials are then discussed with an emphasis on their design and detailed clinical outcomes.
Effect of lymphadenectomy on the prognosis for N0 gallbladder carcinoma patients: A study based on SEER database
Authors: Wu Bin , Shen Yiyu , Chen Xujian , Wang Xiaoguang , Zhong Zhengxiang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundIt remains unclear whether lymph node dissection is necessary for patients with N0 gallbladder carcinoma (GBC). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of lymphadenectomy on the prognosis for N0 GBC patients. The secondary objective was to establish a prognostic model of survival for N0 GBC patients being founded on the large samples.MethodsPatient data were obtained from the database named SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database) between 2010 and 2014. Analyses of Kaplan–Meier survival and multivariate Cox regression were performed in subgroups based on regional lymph nodes removal (LNR) to calculate the excess risk of cause‐specific death. A prognosis nomogram was constructed build on the results of a multivariate analysis to predict the specific survival time (CSS) rates of N0 GBC patients.ResultA total of 1406 N0 GBC patients were included in this research. The majority of N0 GBC patients undergoing cancer‐directed surgery did not undergo LNR (64.5%). The results showed that LNR can improve the survival of N0 GBC patients, including those at the T1a and T1b stages, and a wider range of lymph node dissection (LNR2) compared to LNR1 was more conducive to the prognosis. Furthermore, multivariate regression analysis showed that LNR was an independent favorable prognostic factor of N0 GBC. Finally, a nomogram was constructed to accurately predict the prognosis of N0 gallbladder cancer patients.ConclusionThis study demonstrated a significant survival benefit for extended lymph nodes removed in N0 GBC patients. These results recommend that an extended lymph node dissection strategy is needed for N0 GBC patients.
N‐Terminal Modification of Gly‐His‐Tagged Proteins with Azidogluconolactone
Authors: Brune Karl D. , Liekniņa Ilva , Sutov Grigorij , Morris Alexander R. , Jovicevic Dejana , Kalniņš Gints , Kazāks Andris , Kluga Rihards , Kastaljana Sabine , Zajakina Anna , Jansons Juris , Skrastiņa Dace , Spunde Karīna , Cohen Alexander A. , Bjorkman Pamela J. , Morris Howard R. , Suna Edgars , Tārs Kaspars 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSite‐specific protein modifications are vital for biopharmaceutical drug development. Gluconoylation is a non‐enzymatic, post‐translational modification of N‐terminal HisTags. We report high‐yield, site‐selective in vitro α‐aminoacylation of peptides, glycoproteins, antibodies, and virus‐like particles (VLPs) with azidogluconolactone at pH 7.5 in 1 h. Conjugates slowly hydrolyse, but diol‐masking with borate esters inhibits reversibility. In an example, we multimerise azidogluconoylated SARS‐CoV‐2 receptor‐binding domain (RBD) onto VLPs via click‐chemistry, to give a COVID‐19 vaccine. Compared to yeast antigen, HEK‐derived RBD was immunologically superior, likely due to observed differences in glycosylation. We show the benefits of ordered over randomly oriented multimeric antigen display, by demonstrating single‐shot seroconversion and best virus‐neutralizing antibodies. Azidogluconoylation is simple, fast and robust chemistry, and should accelerate research and development.
ITGB6 inhibits the proliferation of porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells
Authors: Qiao Jiaxin , Wang Shanshan , Zhou Jian , Tan Baohua , Li Zicong , Zheng Enqin , Cai Gengyuan , Wu Zhenfang , Hong Linjun , Gu Ting 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe formation of embryonic muscle fibers determines the amount of postnatal muscles and is regulated by a variety of signaling pathways and transcription factors. Previously, by using chromatin immunoprecipitation‐sequencing and RNA‐Seq techniques, we identified a large number of genes that are regulated by H3K27me3 in porcine embryonic skeletal muscles. Among these genes, we found that ITGB6 is regulated by H3K27me3. However, its function in muscle development is unknown. In this study, we first verified that ITGB6 was differentially regulated by H3K27me3 and that its expression levels were upregulated in porcine skeletal muscles at embryonic Days 33, 65, and 90. Then, we performed gain‐ or loss‐of‐function studies on porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells to study the role of ITGB6 in porcine skeletal muscle development. The proliferation of porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells was studied through real‐time polymerase chain reaction, Cell Counting Kit‐8, 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine staining, Western blot, and flow cytometry analyses. We found that the ITGB6 gene was regulated by H3K27me3 during muscle development and had an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells.
The importance of proximal optimization technique with intravascular imaging guided for stenting unprotected left main distal bifurcation lesions: The Milan and New‐Tokyo registry
Authors: Watanabe Yusuke , Mitomo Satoru , Naganuma Toru , Chieffo Alaide , Montorfano Matteo , Nakamura Sunao , Colombo Antonio 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesThis study evaluated the 5‐years outcomes of intracoronary imaging‐guided proximal optimization technique (POT) for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with unprotected left main distal bifurcation lesions (ULMD).BackgroundThe long‐term effects of POT with intracoronary imaging guide in PCI for ULMD have been unclear.MethodsBetween January 2005 and December 2015, we identified 1832 consecutive patients who underwent DES implantation for ULM distal bifurcation lesions. Of them, 780 (56.1%) patients underwent POT with intravascular imaging guidance (optimal expansion group). Residual 611 (43.9%) patients did not undergo either POT or intravascular imaging or both (suboptimal expansion group). Analysis using propensity score adjustment was performed. The primary endpoint was target lesion failure (TLF) defined as a composite of cardiac death, target lesion revascularization (TLR), and myocardial infarction.ResultsTLF rate at 5 years was significantly lower in optimal expansion group than that in suboptimal expansion group [adjusted HR 0.65, 95% CI (0.48–0.87), p = 0.004]. Cardiac mortality was significantly lower in optimal expansion group than that in suboptimal expansion group [adjusted HR 0.46, 95% CI (0.27–0.79), p = 0.004]. The multivariable analysis identified POT with intravascular imaging guide [adjusted HR 0.65, 95% CI (0.48–0.87), p = 0.004] as an independent predictor of TLF.ConclusionsIntravascular imaging guided POT was strongly associated with the reduced risk of TLF at 5 years after PCI for ULMD, mainly driven by reducing cardiac mortality.
Fe−Ni Nanoparticles on N‐doped Carbon as Catalysts for Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO2 to Tune CO/H2 Ratio
Authors: Yue Tingting , Chang Ying , Liu Jiamin , Jia Jingchun , Jia Meilin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) to generate syngas (a mixture of CO and H2) is considered as one of the most effective routes to peak C and C neutrality. However, it is challenging to regulate the CO/H2 ratio by adjusting the activity of CO2RR. To address this problem, transition metals were designed to be encapsulated in C shells and loaded onto N‐doped C (NG) substrate catalysts for CO2RR generation of syngas. Comparative electrochemical tests revealed that Fe and Ni nanoparticles supported on N‐doped C matrix (denoted as Fe/NG and Ni/NG) produce CO/H2 in a wide range of relative ratios, thereby limiting their application in real industrial production. In contrast, Fe−Ni alloy nanoparticle supported on NG matrix (denoted as Fe2Ni/NG, where the subscript represents the molar ratio of the Fe source to Ni source) catalysts containing both Fe and Ni with a molar ratio of 2 : 1 exhibit high syngas evolution (1.2–2.9), suitable for typical downstream thermochemical reactions. The results provide a useful case for nonprecious metals to retain CO2RR, maintaining high activity while flexibly regulating the CO/H2 ratio.
Synthesis and Transformations of NH‐Sulfoximines
Authors: Andresini Michael , Tota Arianna , Degennaro Leonardo , Bull James A. , Luisi Renzo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRecent years have seen a marked increase in the occurrence of sulfoximines in the chemical sciences, often presented as valuable motifs for medicinal chemistry. This has been prompted by both pioneering works taking sulfoximine containing compounds into clinical trials and the concurrent development of powerful synthetic methods. This review covers recent developments in the synthesis of sulfoximines concentrating on developments since 2015. This includes extensive developments in both S−N and S−C bond formations. Flow chemistry processes for sulfoximine synthesis are also covered. Finally, subsequent transformations of sulfoximines, particularly in N‐functionalization are reviewed, including N−S, N−P, N−C bond forming processes and cyclization reactions.
Synthesis of Branched Au‐PdAg Hybrid Nanosheets by Controlled Reduction in a Galvanic Replacement Reaction
Authors: Zheng Yiqun , Zhang Gongguo , Ma Yanyun , Zhao Na , Liu Feng , Liu Maochang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe report a niche strategy to fabricate planar trimetallic nanocrystals with in‐plane branches and a unique hybrid structure. The success of current work relies on the use of seeded growth to produce Au@Ag core‐shell nanocubes, followed by the reaction with an excessive third metal precursor (i. e., Pd) via galvanic replacement reaction (GRR) in the presence of controlled reduction. The morphology of resulting products varied in the order of cube, concave cube, hollow cage, yolk‐shell frame, and finally branched nanoplates with Au‐PdAg hybrid structure. The controlled reduction involved in the GRR process, together with the use of Au seed at appropriate amounts and docosyltrimethylammonium chloride as the capping agent, is demonstrated to be crucial for the formation of such unique structure. When loaded on carbon black and working as electrocatalysts for electroxidation of ethanol in alkaline media, the current products exhibit satisfying electrocatalytic activity (e. g., 591 mA mgPd−1 in mass activity and 10.01 A m−2 in specific activity), improved kinetics, and long‐term durability, as compared to commercial Pt/C. The present study offers a feasible route to applying precise spatial control over elemental metals for two‐dimensional dendritic noble metal nanocrystals and could be potentially extended to other metals or alloy.
Associations between patient personality, symptomatic change and therapy dropout
Authors: Immel Nina , Dagnino Paula , Hunger‐Schoppe Christina 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundStudies show that 16% to 77% of psychotherapy patients abandon therapy within the first sessions. The aim of this study is to examine how patient personality variables, specifically the patients' structural integration and the personality traits dependency and self‐criticism, are associated with symptomatic change and therapy dropout.MethodWe analysed data from 96 patients (age: M = 30.56, SD = 11.39; 78.5% women; 44.6% students, 28.3% employees). A hierarchical logistic regression analysis was carried out to determine whether patients' structural integration (assessed via the OPD‐SQ) and their level of dependency and self‐criticism (DEQ) can predict therapy dropout. In addition, a multiple regression was used to analyse how these variables affect symptomatic change (OQ‐45.2 symptom subscale).ResultsThe interaction of structural integration level and dependency best predicts therapy dropout. For the prediction of symptomatic change, both structural integration and dependency were significant. However, their interaction showed no significant results.DiscussionThe patient's structural integration was associated to both symptomatic change and dropout. Therapists' training should include techniques addressing patients' structural integration and degree of dependency to prevent patient dropout from therapy.
Prenatal mother–father cortisol linkage predicts infant executive functions at 24 months
Authors: Braren Stephen H. , Perry Rosemarie E. , Ribner Andrew , Brandes‐Aitken Annie , Brito Natalie , Blair Clancy ,   the New Fathers and Mothers Study (NewFAMS) Team
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe present study investigated associations between prenatal mother–father cortisol linkage and infant executive functions. Data come from an international sample (N = 358) of predominantly white and middle‐ to upper‐class first‐time parents. During late pregnancy, parents collected diurnal salivary cortisol samples and reported on levels of psychological stress. At 24 months, children completed a battery of executive function tasks. Parent cortisol linkage was operationalized as the time‐dependent, within‐dyad association between maternal and paternal diurnal cortisol. Results indicated that prenatal linkage was positively related to infant executive functions, suggesting that stronger mother–father cortisol linkage was associated with higher executive function scores. Additionally, this relation was moderated by paternal average cortisol levels such that executive function scores were lower when fathers had higher average cortisol levels and linkage was weak. This association suggests that elevated paternal cortisol amplifies the negative relation between lower cortisol linkage and lower infant executive function scores. Importantly, these findings were observed while controlling for observational measures of caregiving and self‐report measures of psychosocial functioning and infant social‐emotional behavior. These results suggest that prenatal linkage of mother's and father's stress physiology plays a potentially important part in programming and regulating infant neurocognitive development.