bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impaired Stabilization of Orthostatic Cerebral Oxygenation Is Associated With Slower Gait Speed: Evidence From The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing
Authors: O’Connor John D , O’Connell Matthew D L , Knight Silvin P , Newman Louise , Donoghue Orna A , Kenny Rose Anne 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundCerebral autoregulation (CAR) systems maintain blood flow to the brain across a wide range of blood pressures. Deficits in CAR have been linked to gait speed (GS) but previous studies had small sample sizes and used specialized equipment which impede clinical translation. The purpose of this work was to assess the association between GS and orthostatic cerebral oxygenation in a large, community-dwelling sample of older adults.MethodData for this study came from the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing. A near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) device attached to the forehead of each participant (n = 2 708) was used to track tissue saturation index (TSI; the ratio of oxygenated to total hemoglobin) during standing. GS was assessed using a portable walkway.ResultsRecovery was impaired in slower GS participants with a TSI value at 20 seconds (after standing) of −0.55% (95% CI: −0.67, −0.42) below baseline in the slowest GS quartile versus −0.14% (95% CI: −0.25, −0.04) in the fastest quartile. Slower GS predicted a lower TSI throughout the 3-minute monitoring period. Results were not substantially altered by adjusting for orthostatic hypotension. Adjustment for clinical and demographic covariates attenuated the association between but differences remained between GS quartiles from 20 seconds to 3 minutes after standing.ConclusionThis study reported evidence for impaired recovery of orthostatic cerebral oxygenation depending on GS in community-dwelling older adults. Future work assessing NIRS as a clinical tool for monitoring the relationship between GS and cerebral regulation is warranted.
Statins and Cognitive Decline in the Cardiovascular Health Study: A Comparison of Different Analytical Approaches
Authors: Zeki Al Hazzouri Adina , Jawadekar Neal , Grasset Leslie , Kaiser Paulina , Kezios Katrina , Calonico Sebastian , Glymour Maria , Hirsch Calvin , Arnold Alice M , Varadhan Ravi , Odden Michelle C 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background
Despite their well-established benefits for the prevention of cardiovascular disease, robust evidence on the effects of statins on cognition is largely inconclusive. We apply various study designs and analytical approaches to mimic randomized controlled trial effects from observational data.

Methods
We used observational data from 5 580 participants enrolled in the Cardiovascular Health Study from 1989/1990 to 1999/2000. We conceptualized the cohort as an overlapping sequence of nonrandomized trials. We compared multiple selection (eligible population, prevalent users, new users) and analytic approaches (multivariable adjustment, inverse-probability treatment weights, propensity score matching) to evaluate the association between statin use and 5-year change in global cognitive function, assessed using the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MSE).

Results
When comparing prevalent users to nonusers (N = 2 772), statin use was associated with slower cognitive decline over 5 years (adjusted annual change in 3MSE = 0.34 points/year; 95% CI: 0.05–0.63). Compared to prevalent user design, estimates from new user designs (eg, comparing eligible statin initiators to noninitiators) were attenuated showing either null or negative association, though not significant. For example, in a propensity score-matched sample of statin-eligible individuals (N = 454), the annual 3MS change comparing statin initiators to noninitiators was −0.21 points/year (95% CI: −0.81 to 0.39).

Conclusions
The association of statin use and cognitive decline is attenuated toward the null when using rigorous analytical approaches that more closely mimic randomized controlled trials. Point estimates, even within the same study, may vary depending on the analytical methods used. Further studies that leverage natural or quasi experiments around statin use are needed to replicate our findings.
NT5E mutation in sisters who underwent aortic valve replacements for aortic stenosis
Authors: Uchida Tetsuro , Yamashita Atsushi , Ishizawa Ai , Sadahiro Mitsuaki , Azuma Nobuyoshi , Kaname Tadashi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMutations of the NT5E gene encoding the cluster of differentiation 73 (CD73) protein have been found in patients with characteristic calcification of joints and arteries (CALJA). CD73 plays a protective role against aortic valve calcification; therefore, its deletion results in aortic valve calcification. However, to date, there are no reports of a patient with CALJA with aortic stenosis. In this study, we describe 2 extremely rare cases of sisters with identical NT5E gene mutation patterns, both of whom developed late-onset severe aortic stenosis and limb ischaemia. Both patients underwent aortic valve replacement and bilateral distal arterial bypass surgeries successfully. They were genetically diagnosed with CALJA based on the NT5E mutation. Our report suggests that NT5E mutations should be considered in patients requiring aortic valve replacement for a calcified aortic valve and bypass surgery for specific calcified and occluded arteries.
HIV Transgenic Rats Demonstrate Impaired Sensorimotor Gating But Are Insensitive to Cannabinoid (Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol)-Induced Deficits
Authors: Roberts Benjamin Z , Minassian Arpi , Halberstadt Adam L , He Yinong V , Chatha Muhammad , Geyer Mark A , Grant Igor , Young Jared W 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) is commonly observed in persons living with HIV (PWH) and is characterized by cognitive deficits implicating disruptions of fronto-striatal neurocircuitry. Such circuitry is also susceptible to alteration by cannabis and other drugs of abuse. PWH use cannabis at much higher rates than the general population, thus prioritizing the characterization of any interactions between HIV and cannabinoids on cognitively relevant systems. Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle response, the process by which the motor response to a startling stimulus is attenuated by perception of a preceding non-startling stimulus, is an operational assay of fronto-striatal circuit integrity that is translatable across species. PPI is reduced in PWH. The HIV transgenic (HIVtg) rat model of HIV infection mimics numerous aspects of HAND, although to date the PPI deficit observed in PWH has yet to be fully recreated in animals.

Methods
PPI was measured in male and female HIVtg rats and wild-type controls following acute, nonconcurrent treatment with the primary constituents of cannabis: Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC; 1 and 3 mg/kg, s.c.) and cannabidiol (1, 10, and 30 mg/kg, i.p.).

Results
HIVtg rats exhibited a significant PPI deficit relative to wild-type controls. THC reduced PPI in controls but not HIVtg rats. Cannabidiol exerted only minor, genotype-independent effects on PPI.

Conclusions
HIVtg rats exhibit a relative insensitivity to the deleterious effects of THC on the fronto-striatal function reflected by PPI, which may partially explain the higher rates of cannabis use among PWH.
Super Duality for Quantum Affine Algebras of Type A
Authors: Kwon Jae-Hoon , Lee Sin-Myung 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We introduce a new approach to the study of finite-dimensional representations of the quantum group of the affine Lie superalgebra $ \textrm {L}{\mathfrak {g}\mathfrak {l}}_{M|N}=\mathbb {C}[t,t^{-1}]\otimes \mathfrak {g}\mathfrak {l}_{M|N}$ ($M\neq N$). We explain how the representations of the quantum group of $ \textrm {L}{\mathfrak {g}\mathfrak {l}}_{M|N}$ are directly related to those of the quantum affine algebra of type $A$, using an exact monoidal functor called truncation. This can be viewed as an affine analogue of super duality of type $A$.
Establishing a multidisciplinary initiative for interoperable electronic health record innovations at an academic medical center
Authors: Kawamoto Kensaku , Kukhareva Polina V , Weir Charlene , Flynn Michael C , Nanjo Claude J , Martin Douglas K , Warner Phillip B , Shields David E , Rodriguez-Loya Salvador , Bradshaw Richard L , Cornia Ryan C , Reese Thomas J , Kramer Heidi S , Taft Teresa , Curran Rebecca L , Morgan Keaton L , Borbolla Damian , Hightower Maia , Turnbull William J , Strong Michael B , Chapman Wendy W , Gregory Travis , Stipelman Carole H , Shakib Julie H , Hess Rachel , Boltax Jonathan P , Habboushe Joseph P , Sakaguchi Farrant , Turner Kyle M , Narus Scott P , Tarumi Shinji , Takeuchi Wataru , Ban Hideyuki , Wetter David W , Lam Cho , Caverly Tanner J , Fagerlin Angela , Norlin Chuck , Malone Daniel C , Kaphingst Kimberly A , Kohlmann Wendy K , Brooke Benjamin S , Del Fiol Guilherme 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objective
To establish an enterprise initiative for improving health and health care through interoperable electronic health record (EHR) innovations.

Materials and Methods
We developed a unifying mission and vision, established multidisciplinary governance, and formulated a strategic plan. Key elements of our strategy include establishing a world-class team; creating shared infrastructure to support individual innovations; developing and implementing innovations with high anticipated impact and a clear path to adoption; incorporating best practices such as the use of Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) and related interoperability standards; and maximizing synergies across research and operations and with partner organizations.

Results
University of Utah Health launched the ReImagine EHR initiative in 2016. Supportive infrastructure developed by the initiative include various FHIR-related tooling and a systematic evaluation framework. More than 10 EHR-integrated digital innovations have been implemented to support preventive care, shared decision-making, chronic disease management, and acute clinical care. Initial evaluations of these innovations have demonstrated positive impact on user satisfaction, provider efficiency, and compliance with evidence-based guidelines. Return on investment has included improvements in care; over $35 million in external grant funding; commercial opportunities; and increased ability to adapt to a changing healthcare landscape.

Discussion
Key lessons learned include the value of investing in digital innovation initiatives leveraging FHIR; the importance of supportive infrastructure for accelerating innovation; and the critical role of user-centered design, implementation science, and evaluation.

Conclusion
EHR-integrated digital innovation initiatives can be key assets for enhancing the EHR user experience, improving patient care, and reducing provider burnout.
Size-weight relationships and condition factor of the invasive Atlantic blue crab Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, 1896 (Decapoda: Brachyura: Portunidae) from northern Tunisia: a preliminary investigation
Authors: Fassatoui Chiheb , Hatira Sameh , Romdhane Mohamed Salah 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We determined the condition factor and relative growth patterns of the newly established invasive Atlantic blue crab Callinectes sapidus in the Ghar El Melh Lagoon, northern Tunisia, central Mediterranean Sea using two biometric relationships: carapace width-weight and carapace length-weight. Crabs were sampled during winter and summer 2020. Growth coefficient (slope b) for width-weight relationship ranged from 2.037 to 3.008 according to sex and seasons, indicating an isometry to negative allometry growth patterns. Length-weight relationship, however, demonstrated isometry growth patterns, with the exception of the summer sample, which displayed a positive allometry. The allometry seems to be not affected by seasons, but sex demonstrated a strong effect for the width-weight relationship, as indicated by ANCOVA. The Fulton’s condition factor, however, showed significant variation between seasons, but not between sexes.
Arthroscopic utilization of ChondroFiller gel for the treatment of hip articular cartilage defects: a cohort study with 12- to 60-month follow-up
Authors: Mazek Jacek , Gnatowski Maciej , Salas Antonio Porthos , O’Donnell John M , Domżalski Marcin , Radzimowski Jakub 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
ChondroFiller gel is an absorbable collagen implant. It serves as a protective cover for the cartilage defects, allowing chondrocyte migration into the lesion. The implant consists of collagen (Type I) and is derived from veterinary monitored rats. This study evaluates the use of ChondroFiller gel in the treatment of cartilage lesions during hip joint arthroscopy. A prospective study was conducted on a group of 26 adult patients. All patients had an existing femoroacetabular impingement together with acetabular cartilage lesions &gt;2 cm2. All patients underwent hip arthroscopic surgery and the lesions were treated using ChondroFiller gel. The cartilage tissue healing was evaluated postoperatively using MRI. A total of 26 patients, including 5 females and 21 males, all with articular cartilage lesions, were included in the study. Cartilage healing conditions were evaluated for all patients, and the difference between pre- and post-surgery conditions was statistically significant. The follow-up scores have been acquired from 21 out of initial 26 patients (2 were disqualified after receiving THR, 3 could not be reached by researchers) after 3, 4 and 5 years consecutively with 17/21 patients having good/excellent results. The use of ChondroFiller gel during arthroscopy of the hip for acetabular cartilage lesions is an effective treatment technique. Encouraging long-term results have been observed, but further research on larger group of patient is required to better assess the full value of this technique. Patients with pre-existing osteoarthritis (Tönnis 2–3) have poor results.
Pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution and peritoneal retention of Ag2S quantum dots following intraperitoneal administration to mice
Authors: Mahlooji Iman , Javidi Jaber , Dadashzadeh Simin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate the pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and peritoneal retention of Ag2S quantum dots (Qds) after intraperitoneal (IP) injection into mice and to compare the results with those reported for the intravenous (IV) injection of these particles.

Methods
Ag2S Qds was prepared by a simple one-step co-precipitation method and was injected intraperitoneally into mice. Six animals were sacrificed at predetermined time points, and blood, peritoneal content and tissue samples were collected. Ag concentration that represents the concentration of Qds was analysed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

Key findings
Detectability of Qds in the peritoneal sample up to 2 h indicated that, compared with small drug molecules, the absorption of Ag2S Qds from the peritoneal cavity occurred at a slower rate. The AUC tissue/AUC blood ratio in the liver and intestine after IP injection (0.55 and 0.98, respectively) was considerably lower than those for the bolus injection (217 and 94, respectively), while this ratio in the spleen and lungs was markedly higher than the IV route.

Conclusions
Overall, the obtained results suggest that IP injection of Ag2S Qds could be more effective for drug delivery to/imaging of the spleen and lungs, whereas the IV injection for the drug delivery to/imaging of the liver and intestine.
Identification of ZmNF-YC2 and its regulatory network for maize flowering time
Authors: Su Huihui , Chen Zhihui , Dong Yahui , Ku Lixia , Abou-Elwafa Salah Fatouh , Ren Zhenzhen , Cao Yingying , Dou Dandan , Liu Zhixue , Liu Huafeng , Tian Lei , Zhang Dongling , Zeng Haixia , Han Shengbo , Zhu Fangfang , Du Chunguang , Chen Yanhui 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Flowering time is an important agronomic trait that determines the distribution and adaptation of plants. The accurate prediction of flowering time in elite germplasm is critical for maize breeding. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the photoperiod response remain elusive in maize. Here we cloned the flowering time-controlling gene, ZmNF-YC2, by map-based cloning and confirmed that ZmNF-YC2 is the nuclear transcription factor Y subunit C-2 protein and a positive regulator of flowering time in maize under long-day conditions. Our results show that ZmNF-YC2 promotes the expression of ZmNF-YA3. ZmNF-YA3 negatively regulates the transcription of ZmAP2. ZmAP2 suppresses the expression of ZMM4 to delay flowering time. We then developed a gene regulatory model of flowering time in maize using ZmNF-YC2, ZmNF-YA3, ZmAP2, ZMM4, and other key genes. The cascading regulation by ZmNF-YC2 of maize flowering time has not been reported in other species.
Complexing amphotericin B with gold nanoparticles improves fungal clearance from the brains of mice infected with Cryptococcal neoformans
Authors: Chintalacharuvu Koteswara R , Matolek Zlatko A , Pacheco Benny , Carriera Erick M , Beenhouwer David O 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Amphotericin B (AmB) is used to treat cryptococcal meningoencephalitis. However, the mortality rate remains high. Higher doses of AmB in deoxycholate buffer (AmBd) are toxic to human red blood cells (hRBC) and have no effect on brain organism load in mice. Here we show that while AmBd lysed 96% of hRBC, AmB complexed with gold nanoparticles (AuNP-SA-AmB) lysed only 27% of hRBC. In vitro growth of C. neoformans was inhibited by 0.25 μg/ml AmBd and 0.04 μg/ml of AuNP-SA-AmB. In mice infected with C. neoformans, five daily treatments with AuNP-SA-AmB containing 0.25 mg/kg AmB significantly lowered the fungal burden in the brain tissue compared to either untreated or treatment with 0.25 mg/kg of AmBd. When a single dose of AmBd was injected intravenously into BALB/c mice, 81.61% of AmB cleared in the α-phase and 18.39% cleared in the β-phase at a rate of 0.34% per hour. In contrast, when AuNP-SA-AmB was injected, 49.19% of AmB cleared in the α-phase and 50.81% of AmB cleared in the β-phase at a rate of 0.27% per hour. These results suggest that AmB complexed with gold nanoparticles is less toxic to hRBC, is more effective against C. neoformans and persists longer in blood when injected into mice resulting in more effective clearing of C. neoformans from the brain tissue.

Lay summary
Amphotericin B (AmB) was complexed with gold nanoparticles (AuNP-SA-AmB) to improve brain delivery. AuNP-SA-AmB was more effective than AmB alone in clearing of Cryptococcus neoformans from the brain tissue of infected mice. This may be due to longer plasma half-life of AmB as AuNP-SA-AmB.
Optimized modelling of Gaia–Hipparcos astrometry for the detection of the smallest cold Jupiter and confirmation of seven low-mass companions
Authors: Feng Fabo , Butler R Paul , Jones Hugh R A , Phillips Mark W , Vogt Steven S , Oppenheimer Rebecca , Holden Bradford , Burt Jennifer , Boss Alan P 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
To fully constrain the orbits of low-mass circumstellar companions, we conduct combined analyses of the radial velocity data and the Gaia and Hipparcos astrometric data for eight nearby systems. Our study shows that companion-induced position and proper motion differences between Gaia and Hipparcos are significant enough to constrain orbits of low-mass companions to a precision comparable with previous combined analyses of direct imaging and radial velocity data. We find that our method is robust to whether we use Gaia Data Release 2 or Gaia Early Data Release 3, as well as whether we use all of the data or just proper motion differences. In particular, we fully characterize the orbits of HD 190360 b and HD 16160 C for the first time. With a mass of 1.8 ± 0.2 MJup and an effective temperature of 123–176 K and orbiting around a Sun-like star, HD 190360 b is the smallest Jupiter-like planet with well-constrained mass and orbit, belonging to a small sample of fully characterized Jupiter analogues. It is separated from its primary star by 0.25 arcsec and thus may be suitable for direct imaging by the coronagraph instrument of the Roman Space Telescope.
Pre-eclampsia is a valuable opportunity to diagnose chronic kidney disease: a multicentre study
Authors: Cabiddu Gianfranca , Mannucci Claudia , Fois Antioco , Maxia Stefania , Chatrenet Antoine , Osadolor Sarah , Kimani Emily , Torreggiani Massimo , Attini Rossella , Masturzo Bianca , Cheve Marie Thérèse , Piccoli Giorgina Barbara 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT

Background
Pre-eclampsia (PE) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are known to be associated. Our objective was to assess the prevalence of CKD in a large multicentre cohort of women without acknowledged CKD who experienced a PE episode.

Methods
The setting for the study was France (Le Mans, Central France) and Italy (Cagliari, Sardinia). The study participants were patients who experienced PE in 2018–19, identified from the obstetric charts. Patients with known–acknowledged CKD were excluded. Only singletons were considered. Persistent (micro)albuminuria was defined as present and confirmed at least 3 months after delivery. CKD was defined according to the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative guidelines; urinary alterations or low eGFR confirmed at a distance of at least 3 months, or morphologic changes. Patients were divided into four groups: evidence of CKD; no evidence of CKD; unclear diagnosis-ongoing work-up; or persistent microalbuminuria. The outcome ‘diagnosis of CKD’ was analysed by simple and multiple logistic regressions. Temporal series (week of delivery) were analysed with Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox analysis.

Results
Two hundred and eighty-two PE pregnancies were analysed (Le Mans: 162; Cagliari: 120). The incidence of CKD diagnosis was identical (Le Mans: 19.1%; Cagliari: 19.2%); no significant difference was found in unclear-ongoing diagnosis (6.2%; 5.8%) and microalbuminuria (10.5%; 5.8%). Glomerulonephritis and diabetic nephropathy were more frequent in Cagliari (higher age and diabetes prevalence), and interstitial diseases in Le Mans. In the multivariate logistic regression, CKD diagnosis was associated with preterm delivery (adjusted P = 0.035). Gestation was 1 week shorter in patients diagnosed with CKD (Kaplan–Meier P = 0.007). In Cox analysis, CKD remained associated with shorter gestation after adjustment for age and parity.

Conclusions
The prevalence of newly diagnosed CKD is high after PE (19% versus expected 3% in women of childbearing age), supporting a systematic nephrology work-up after PE.