bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Neoplasms in Canines and Malignancy Prediction Using B-Mode Ultrasonography, Doppler, and ARFI Elastography
Authors: Cruz Igor Cezar Kniphoff , Carneiro Rafael Kretzer , Nardi Andrigo Barboza , Uscategui Ricardo Andrés Ramirez , Bortoluzzi Eduarda Mazzardo , Feliciano Marcus Antônio Rossi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Cutaneous and subcutaneous neoplasms are highly prevalent in dogs, ranging from benign to highly aggressive and metastatic lesions. The diagnosis is obtained through histopathology, however it is an invasive technique that may take a long time to obtain the result, delaying the beginning of the adequate treatment. Thus, there is a need for non-invasive tests that can help in the early diagnosis of this type of cancer. The aim of this study was to verify the accuracy of ultrasonography methods to predict malignancy in cutaneous and subcutaneous canine neoplasms. In addition, we aim to propose an ultrasonography evaluation protocol and perform the neoplasms characterization using these three proposed techniques.
Results
Twenty-one types of specific neoplasm were diagnosed, and using B-mode, we verified the association between heterogeneous echotexture, invasiveness, presence of hyperechoic spots, and cavity areas with malignancy. An increased pulsatility was verified in malignant neoplasms using Doppler (cut-off value >0.93). When using the elastography, malignancy was associated with non-deformable tissues and shear wave velocity >3.52 m/s. Evaluation protocols were proposed associating 4, 5, 6, or 7 malignancy predictive characteristics, and characterization was done for all tumors with at least two cases.
Conclusions
We concluded that ultrasonography methods are promising and effective in predicting malignancy in these types of tumors, and the association of methods can increase the specificity of the results.
Efficacy and Sagittal Parameters of Debridement and Bone Grafting using Internal Fixation in the Treatment of Kyphotic Cervical Tuberculosis: A Case Series
Authors: Luan Haopeng , Liu Kai , Deng Qiang , Sheng Weibin , Maimaiti Maierdan , Guo Hailong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the efficacy of debridement and bone grafting using internal fixation in the treatment of kyphotic cervical tuberculosis, and analyze the changes of pre-operation and post-operation sagittal parameters, which related to the surgical indications.Methods: Clinical and radiographic data of patients with kyphotic cervical TB treated by debridement and BGIF at our hospital from January 2010 to December 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. The sagittal parameters of the cervical vertebra at the pre-operation, post-operation, and last follow-up were documented and were compared. Results: Eighteen patients of simple anterior approach debridement and fusion with internal fixation (group A), and 5 patients underwent anterior debridement and fusion, combined with posterior internal fixation (group AP). In the comparison of preoperative sagittal parameters, significant improvement after surgery was observed in both groups, included Cobb angle, SCA, C2-C7SVA, and CG-SVA (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in T1 Slope, NT, and TIA (P > 0.05).Conclusions: In the treatment of kyphotic cervical TB, the characteristics of the lesion, the degree of kyphosis and spinal cord nerve compression damage can be presented clearly by the radiographic sagittal parameters, which does a favor to individualize the choice of surgical approach safely and effectively.
DFT study adsorption of Hydroxychloroquine for treatment COVID-19 by Al, Si and Si-C doping on carbon nanotube surface: A drug delivery simulation
Authors: Al-Sawaff Zaid H. , Dalgic Serap Senturk , Kandemirli Fatma , Monajjemi Majid , Mollaamin Fatemeh 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the potential and capability of Al-CNT, Si-CNT, and SiC-NT to detect and adsorb Hydroxychloroquine (C18H26ClN3O) molecular. For this purpose, we considered different configurations for adsorbing Hydroxychloroquine drug on the surface of Al-CNT, Si-CNT, and SiC-NT nanocluster. All considered configurations are optimized using DFT theory at the 6-31G** basis set and M062x level of theory, and then from optimized structures, for each nanoparticle, we selected four stable models for the adsorption of Hydroxychloroquine from (O, N, N, and Cl) sites on the surface the selected nanoparticles. The calculated results indicate that the distance between nanocluster and drug from N site is lower than from all other locations sites for all investigated nanoparticles, and adsorption of Hydroxychloroquine from N site is more favorable especially for the Al-CNT nanotube. The adsorption energy, hardness, softness, and fermi energy results reveal that the interaction of Hydroxychloroquine with Al-CNT is stronger than Si-CNT, and SiC-NT. The results clarify that SiC-NT and Si-CNT are not suitable for Hydroxychloroquine drug adsorption because of the low values of Eads, but Al-CNT is an encouraging adsorbent for this drug as Eads of Hydroxychloroquine/Al-CNT complexes are (-45.07, -15.78, -45.15, -93.53) kcal/mol in the gas phase, and (-43.02, -14.43, -43.86, -88.97) kcal/mol for aqueous solution. The energy gap of the Hydroxychloroquine/Al-CNT system is in the range of 2.32 to 3.84 eV. which is in the range of Al-CNT (2.68). Besides, the HOMO-LUMO orbitals and electrostatic potential (ESP) plots results show that the maximum positive charge is located around the nanocluster surface and the most negative charge is located around the adsorption position and Hydroxychloroquine drug surface. As well, the appropriate and spontaneous interaction between Hydroxychloroquine drug and all nanoparticles was confirmed by investigating the quantum chemical molecular descriptors and solvation Gibbs free energies of all atoms. Al-CNT can be used as an amperometric sensor to detect the Hydroxychloroquine drug molecule. Thus, we propose that the Al-CNT can be a promising candidate as a drug delivery vehicle for Hydroxychloroquine drug molecules.
Tissue and Serum Thioredoxin System and miR-21, miR-23a/b and let-7a as Potential Biomarkers for Brain Tumor Progression
Authors: KILIÇ NEDRET , Boyacioglu Ozge , Saltoglu Gamze Turna , Bulduk Erkut Baha , Kurt Gokhan , Korkusuz Petek 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Thioredoxin system and miRNAs are potential targets for both cancer progression and treatment. However, role of miRNAs and their relation between the expression profile of thioredoxin system in brain tumor progression remains unclear. Thus, in this study we aimed to determine the expression profiles of redox components Trx-1, TrxR-1 and PRDX-1, and oncogenic miR-21, miR-23a/b and let-7a and oncosuppressor miR-125 in different brain tumor tissues and their association with increasing tumor grade. We studied Trx-1, TrxR-1 and PRDX-1 mRNA expression levels by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and protein levels by Western blot and miR-23a, miR-23b, miR-125a, miR-21 and let-7a miRNA expression levels by qRT-PCR in 16 glioma, 15 meningioma, 5 metastatic and 2 benign tumor samples. We also examined Trx-1, TrxR-1 and PRDX-1 protein levels in serum samples of 36 brain tumor patients and 37 healthy volunteers by ELISA. We found that Trx-1, TrxR-1 and PRDX-1 presented high mRNA expression but low protein expression in low-grade brain tumor tissues whereas they showed higher protein expression in sera of patients with low-grade brain tumors. miR-23b, miR-21, miR-23a and let-7a were highly expressed in low-grade brain tumor tissues and positively correlated with the increase in thioredoxin system activity. Our findings showed that Trx-1, TrxR-1 and PRDX-1 and miR-21, miR-23a/b, and let-7a might be used for brain tumor diagnosis in the clinic. Further prospective studies including molecular pathway analyses are required to validate the miRNA/thioredoxin system regulatory axis in brain tumor progression.
Statistical Analysis Supports UTR（untranslated region）Deletion Theory in SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Xu Zhaobin , Sun Yinghui , Yang Dongying , Wang Liyan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The statistical analysis found that the mortality rate of COVID-19 infection experienced a significant decline in the early stage of the epidemic. We suspect that the sharp deterioration of virus toxicity is related to point mutation and the deletion of the untranslated region of the virus genome. Through sequence analysis of mega-genome data, we found that the genome length of COVID-19 was deleted, which mainly occurred in the untranslated regions at both ends. Sequence similarity analysis further indicated that short UTR length strain emerged by deleting strain with long sequence length. This process is irreversible; the genome with a short sequence length could not restore to the long sequence length. By studying the relationship between genome length and mortality, we found a good correlation between them statistically, which demonstrated that the deletion of the untranslated region of the virus significantly affected the toxicity of the virus. We extracted the viral genome length of patients with different symptoms from the GISAID database for analysis to confirm this relationship. It discovered that the viral genome length of hospitalized patients was significantly more extensive than that of asymptomatic patients. In contrast, the viral genome length of asymptomatic patients was considerably longer than that of ordinary patients with symptoms. To further prove this idea, we performed a genome-level mutation scanning to systematically evaluate the influence of mutations at each position on virulence. After Pearson correlation analysis and chi-square investigation, UTR deletion was the primary driving force in alternating virus virulence. All those statistical evidence support the UTR deletion theory in SARS-COV-2. In the end, we proposed a mathematical model to explain why its UTR deletion was not continuous, which indicated humans could not eliminate SARS-COV-2 in a short time without robust intervention procedures.
Effect of Gamma Rays on Zn/Cu Doped Strontium Borate Glass System for Dosimetric Applications
Authors: Mohammed Eman , Gafar Sameh 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Two alkali metal strontium borate glass systems containing Cu2+ or Zn2+ ions (0.15 mol. %) have been prepared by the conventional melt annealing method, then some of their dosimetric measurements have been performed. The two glass systems were checked by ultraviolet-visible light measurement, where Cu2+ ions reveal a sharp peak in the UV region at 320 nm as Cu+ and a broad visible band at ~ 735 nm as Cu2+. However, Zn2+ ions reveal two sharp peaks at 290 & 300 nm related to its divalent state (Zn2+). Upon γ-rays, glass is sensitive to the absorbed dose in the range 0.4 to 15 kGy, revealing its light absorption. A gradual decrease in optical absorbance intensity and DC electrical conductivity was detected with the progressive irradiation. While, a gradual increase in optical energy band gap (Eopt) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) was observed. The presence of transition metal ions (TM) with a variable configuration helps to trap the radiolytic electrons or holes during the color center recovery rates. All the dosimetry characteristics of EPR spectrum, UV-Vis spectrophotometer has high color stability and excellent short-term and long-term stability of the studied glass dosimeters, revealing its applications in medical sterilization and food irradiation processing.
Mangifera indica as propolis source: what exactly do bees collect?
Authors: Bankova Vassya 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective

The mango tree Mangifera indica is known as one of the botanical sources of propolis in Tropical regions. There are two different materials which bees can collect from a mango tree to produce propolis: the resin of the tree bark, and the latex found on the fruits. We performed the study of the chemical profile of mango resin in comparison with propolis in order to clarify its importance as propolis source.

Results

We compared the chemical profiles (by GC-MS analysis of ethanol extracts after silylation) of the resin and samples of propolis: of stingless bees (3 Vietnames, 2 Indonesian), and one of Apis mellifera from Thailand. In the resin and all propolis samples, 25 compounds were identified: fatty acids, cardanols (alk(en)yl phenols), cardols, anacardic acids, triterpene alcohols and ketones, cycloartane type triterpenic acids. All samples have the same qualitative composition but there are important quantitative differences. Considering literature data on mango latex, we conclude that bees of different species, make use of the two propolis sources offered by mango: bark resin and fruit latex, in different proportions. We also confirmed for the first time the presence of alk(en)yl phenols and anacardic acids in the tree bark resin of mango.
PARP dependent acetylation of N4-cytidine in RNA appeared in UV-damaged chromatin
Authors: Svobodová Alena Kovaříková , Stixová Lenka , Kovařík Aleš , Bártová Eva 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Posttranscriptional RNA modifications, including the presence of methyl-6-adenosine (m6A), methyl-5-cytosine (m5C), or pseudo-uridine (Ψ), are known for over many years, but their functional properties have not been fully elucidated yet. Similarly, the regulatory role of N4-cytidine (ac4C) acetylation in RNA must be explored. Here, we observed PARP-dependent accumulation of ac4C RNA at UVA-microirradiated chromatin, which appears 2-5 minutes after genome injury, simultaneously with m6A RNAs but with distinct kinetics. When m6A RNAs disappeared from the lesions, the high level of ac4C RNA was maintained up to 20 minutes after genome injury. Surprisingly, the process of ac4C RNA accumulation at DNA lesions was not accompanied by the recruitment of acetyltransferase NAT10 to UVA-induced DNA lesions. This process was PARP dependent, and data show how epitranscriptomic features can contribute to DNA damage repair.
Risk factors, clinical symptoms, diagnostic methods, management and treatment of patients with anaphylaxis in Tehran
Authors: Mohsenzadeh Azam , Sohrabi Fatemeh , Movahedi Masoud , Parvaneh Nima , Shariat Mansoureh , Gharagozlou Mohammad , Sabooteh Toomaj 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Recent studies have evaluated the risk factors, clinical symptoms, diagnostic methods, management and treatment of anaphylaxis in different populations, but the results of various studies are contradictory. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors, clinical symptoms, diagnostic methods, management and treatment of anaphylactic patients referred to the Children's Medical Center of Tehran during the years 2015-2016.Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 30 patients with anaphylaxis were studied. The study population included all patients who had been diagnosed with anaphylaxis without age limitation and during the period from 2015 to 2016 to undergo serum beta-tryptase examination were referred to the laboratory of the Children's Medical Center of Tehran. The sampling method was census-based and the information was collected through a pre-designed questionnaire by examining patient files or telephone contacts with patients. After collecting data, the data were entered into SPSS 22 software and analyzed statistically. Finally, P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: In our study, we investigated 30 patients with anaphylaxis, an average age of 25±15 years (range 2 to 60 years) among which 13 (43%) were men and 17 (57%) women.The most important cause of anaphylaxis in the studied patients was foods (57%), followed by drugs (20%), unknown (20%) and pollen plants (3%). About 33.7% of patients had allergies to specific allergens. The most routes of exposure with allergens were, oral (56.3%), intravenous (18.7%), unknown (12.6%) and cutaneous (3.1%), respectively. 33.6% of them had positive skin tests. The most common symptoms of anaphylaxis in order of frequency were respiratory (72.9%), cutaneous (48.8%), cardiovascular (18.6%) and gastrointestinal symptoms (6%). Eighty percent of anaphylaxis occurred at home. The most commonly prescribed medications were corticosteroids (83.3%), antihistamine (76%), epinephrine (60%) and beta-agonists (3%). Only 30% of the patients had access to Epipen.Conclusion: According to the results of this study, since most anaphylactic reactions occur in the home and more than one-third of patients had allergic to certain allergens and two-thirds of patients had a history of anaphylaxis, it seems that by providing the necessary training and knowledge to individuals with regard to allergenic substances or allergenic drugs, as well as increased access for patients to Epipen, we can prevent the occurrence and risk of subsequent anaphylaxis in these people.
Sodium Butyrate Pre-Treatment Enhance Differentiation of Bone
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BM-MSCs) into Hepatocytes and
Improve Liver Injury
Authors: Li Qiu-Yun , Chen Juan , Luo Yong-Heng , Zhang Wei , Xiao En-Hua 
Published: October 2021

Objective:
The treatment of liver failure by stem cell transplantation has
attracted growing interest. Herein, we aim to explore the role of sodium butyrate (NaB) in
the hepatic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) under
liver-specific factors induction in vitro and vivo.

Materials & Methods:
We isolated BM-MSCs from the mononuclear cell fraction of
rabbit bone marrow samples and identified the cells by Immunophenotypic analysis. We
investigated the effects of different concentrations and induction conditions. The histone
deacetylase inhibitor NaB induced hepatic differentiation of BM-MSCs under liverspecific
factors induction in vitro. Morphological features, liver-specific gene and protein
expression, and functional analyses in vitro and vivo were performed to evaluate the
hepatic differentiation of BM-MSCs.

Results:
Our results showed that pre-treated NaB inhibited the expression of the liverspecific
protein in a dose-dependent manner. The induction efficiency of NaB with 24h
pre-treatment was higher than that of NaB continuous intervention. 0.5 mM 24h NaB
pre-treated cells can improve liver tissue damage in vivo. The liver ALB, AAT, and the
serum TP were significantly increased, while the serum ALT was significantly reduced.

Conclusion:
Continuous NaB treatment can inhibit BM-MSCs proliferation in a dosedependent
manner at a certain concentration range. 0.5 mM 24h pre-treatment of NaB
enhanced differentiation of BM-MSCs into hepatocytes and improved liver injury in vitro
and vivo.
A Comprehensive Review of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in
Animals: Exploration of Interaction with Antibiotics of Shuang-Huang-
Lian Preparations
Authors: Liang Liuyi , Jin Xin , Li Jinjing , Li Rong , Jiao Xinyi , Ma Yuanyuan , Liu Rui , Li Zheng 
Published: October 2021

:
As a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), Shuang-Huang-Lian (SHL) has been widely
used for treating infectious diseases of the respiratory tract such as encephalitis, pneumonia, and
asthma. During the past few decades, considerable research has focused on pharmacological action,
pharmacokinetic interaction with antibiotics, and clinical applications of SHL. A huge and
more recent body of pharmacokinetic studies support the combination of SHL and antibiotics have
different effects such as antagonism and synergism. SHL has been one of the best-selling TCM
products. However, there is no systematic review of SHL preparations, ranging from protection
against respiratory tract infections to interaction with antibiotics. Since their important significance
in clinical therapy, the pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and interactions with antibiotics of
SHL were reviewed and discussed. In addition, this review attempts to explore the possible potential
mechanism of SHL preparations in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. We are concerned
about the effects of SHL against viruses and bacteria, as well as its interactions with antibiotics
in an attempt to provide a new strategy for expanding the clinical research and medication of
SHL preparations.
COVID-19-associated Coagulopathy and Thromboembolism: Determination of Their Patterns and Risk Factors as Predictors of Mortality Among Severe COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Naqvi Iftikhar Haider , Alam Muhammad Tanveer , Rehan Muhammad , Mahmood Khalid , Aurangzeb Muhammad , Talib Abu 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with coagulopathy (CAC)
and venous thromboembolism (VTE). These are well-reported complications of COVID-19 infection.
Earlier publications have shown that CAC and thromboembolism are predictors of mortality among
COVID-19 patients with severe disease.

Material and Methods:
A prospective study was conducted in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) where all
confirmed COVID-19 patients were enrolled and followed until death or ICU discharge. CAC, VTE,
along with all comorbidities, were recorded. Predictors of mortality were determined by univariate and
multivariate regression.

Results:
Among 261 patients with COVID-19, 48.3% survived and 51.7% died. CAC was present in
53.2% and 76.3% of the survivors and non-survivors, respectively (p<0.001); 89 patients (31.4%) had
VTE (p=0.36) and 11 patients (4.2%) had arterial thrombosis (p=0.76) among survivors and nonsurvivors.
Age between 71-80 years (p=0.009), male gender (p=0.045), CAC (p<0.001), comorbidities
like chronic kidney disease (CKD, p=0.013), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, p=0.001)
and asthma (p=0.046), were significant predictors of mortality.

Conclusion:
A severe complication of COVID-19 is CAC, such as sepsis-induced coagulopathy, overt
disseminated-coagulopathy and VTE. Old age, various comorbidities (e.g. COPD, CKD, or asthma),
CAC, VTE (pulmonary embolism) and coagulation parameters with critical severity score (D-dimers,
platelets, prothrombin time) and the SOFA (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment) score were significant
predictors of mortality among COVID-19 patients.
Evaluation of Botulinum Toxin Type A and its Potential Effect on Exacerbated Raynaud's Phenomenon in Hospitalized Scleroderma Patients
Authors: Seyedmardani Seyed Mostafa , Aghdashi Mir Amir , Soltani Shaida , Zonouz Golshan Kamali 
Published: October 2021

Background/Aims:
Raynaud's phenomenon by episodically reversible constriction of
the arteries in the fingers and toes causes pain, numbness, sores, and gangrene. However, the treatment
of Raynaud's phenomenon is one of the clinical issues. Recent studies have shown that botulinum
toxin is considered a potential and effective therapeutic option for improving finger blood
circulation in patients with Raynaud's syndrome. In this study, we sought to investigate the therapeutic
effect of botulinum toxin type A on exacerbated Raynaud's phenomenon in patients with
scleroderma.

Methods:
In this prospective study, 11 patients with systemic scleroderma who were referred due
to aggravated Raynaud's were included. For all patients, questionnaires were filled up, and physical
examination was performed separately for both treatment and control hands, and then similar volumes
of botulinum toxin type A (Botox) and normal saline were randomly injected.

Results:
The results showed that there was a significant difference in Raynaud's score (P = 0.001),
Quick-Dash score (P = 0.01), Mc-Cabe cold score (P = 0.003), the mean frequency of recurrences
arracks (P = 0.01), pain (0.005) P = 0), skin color (P = 0.01), and duration of Raynaud's phenomenon
(P = 0.006) between the intervention and control groups after two months.

Conclusion:
Following Botox injection, a significant improvement in terms of various Raynaud's
parameters as well as the clinical manifestations was observed in the intervention group. Together,
botulinum toxin type A could retrieve the hand function, the cold sensitivity, and the painful feeling
caused by Raynaud's syndrome.