bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rethinking Access to Evidence‐Based Treatments for Eating Disorders: A Commentary on Ali et al. 2024
Authors: Raykos Bronwyn C. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis commentary responds to the recent paper by Ali et al on the unmet treatment need for eating disorders. The commentary examines the ongoing barriers to accessing evidence‐based treatments for eating disorders and considers the example of Australian initiatives like the Medicare Benefit Scheme's Eating Disorder Plan, which offers subsidized psychological and dietetic services. A recent review of the plan revealed uptake has been low, with significant disparities in access, particularly in underserved populations and those in rural and remote areas. The commentary highlights new areas to guide our thinking about closing the treatment gap, such as the role of virtual and/or hybrid models of care delivery, digital health tools, improving how we communicate about what we do, and the importance of shifting from a top‐down approach to service design to human‐centered, co‐created models that better meet the needs of consumers. If we are to truly close the gap in the next 10 years, the landscape of eating disorder treatment requires bold, forward‐thinking solutions—solutions that are not only reflective of the real, lived experiences of those affected but are also continuously evaluated and refined as they scale.
Comparative study on the seismic performance of column‐supported silos: Single, row, and group configurations under different storage conditions
Authors: Yang Jinping , Li Qining , Zhang Tingyi , Jia Lingling , Li Peizhen 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGrain plays a crucial role in a nation's economic security and public welfare, and the efficient storage of grain in group silos is essential for maintaining these reserves. As a global leader in grain production, consumption, and imports, China also holds a significant position in grain reserves. Based on shake table tests and actual case studies, this study explores the seismic mechanisms and failure modes of column‐supported group silos using the Abaqus finite element simulation method. This study includes shaking table test verification and a refined numerical simulation method for column‐supported silos. The dynamic responses, natural frequency, acceleration, and lateral pressure of storage material are analyzed to verify the rationality of numerical methods. Additionally, this study investigates the implementation and mechanisms of the material–structure interaction system in Abaqus, including the selection of material constitutive models, earthquake records, element size division, and grain–structure contact issues. Then, finite element models of different silo structures are built for single silos, row silos, and group silos. The modal shapes, natural frequencies, acceleration responses, relative displacement responses, and lateral pressure of storage material under the action of EL‐Centro waves, Kobe waves, and artificial waves are investigated to reveal the seismic response mechanisms of column‐supported silo structures under different storage material conditions. This research not only helps guide practical engineering design but also provides a scientific supplement to existing silo seismic theories.
Cataract blindness related falls among older adults: A prospective cohort study in Ghana
Authors: Kyei Samuel , Antwi Regina Adoma , Adanusa Madison , Kwarteng Michael Agyemang , Asiamah Randy , Afrifa‐Yamoah Ebenezer 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundCataract, the leading cause of blindness worldwide, can significantly impair visual function.PurposeThis study investigated the association between cataract‐related falls among the elderly population in the Central region of Ghana.MethodsThe prospective cohort study among cataract patients aged 65 years and older, using purposive sampling to select facilities and consecutive sampling to recruit participants. ResultsThe study achieved a 40% successful follow‐up rate at 3 months post‐surgery. Among the 500 older adult patients, 131 (26.2%) reported falls before undergoing cataract surgery. Of the 200 patients who had 24.0% falls pre‐operatively, the prevalence of falls 3 months after surgical intervention was 16%. Demographics were not significantly associated with the risk of falling before cataract surgery (p > 0.05). However, participants with chronic conditions were 2.18 times more likely to fall than those without chronic conditions. Patients with hypertension (2.23 times) and diabetes (2.49 times) had higher risk of fall compared to those without these conditions. Additionally, patients with retinal conditions (2.86 times), and those with balance problems (1.86 times) were more prone to falling before surgical intervention than their counterparts without.ConclusionThe study highlights the significant impact of cataract surgery in reducing fall prevalence among older adults.
Locked Dimerized CXCL12 Exerts Radiosensitizing Effects in Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Espinosa Oscar Villarreal , Awan Musaddiq , Memon Abdullah A. , Frei Anne , Foeckler Jamie , Kuehn Rachel , Bruening Jennifer , Massey Becky , Wong Stuart , Shukla Monica , Kasprzak Julia , Joshi Amit , Dwinell Michael B. , Himburg Heather A. , Zenga Joseph 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) presents significant treatment challenges, particularly in cases unrelated to human papillomavirus (HPV). The chemokine receptor CXCR4, interacting with its ligand CXCL12, plays a crucial role in tumor proliferation, metastasis, and treatment resistance. This study explores the therapeutic potential of engineered monomeric and dimerized CXCL12 variants (CXCL121 and CXCL122, respectively) in HNSCC and evaluates potential additive effects when combined with radiation therapy.MethodsClinical HNSCC biopsies were evaluated for CXCR4 expression in both previously untreated and radiorecurrent disease. HNSCC cell lines were then treated with combinations of CXCL12 variants and radiotherapy and interrogated for proliferation, gene expression change, and underlying molecular mechanisms. In vivo studies evaluated the biodistribution of engineered CXCL12 and tested these treatments in humanized cell line‐derived xenograft (CDX) models.ResultsCXCL122 significantly reduced HNSCC cell proliferation and enhanced the effects of radiotherapy, likely through biased agonism at the CXCR4 receptor and upregulation of the KISS1R pathway. In vivo, CXCL122 localized to tumor sites and augmented the effects of radiation to inhibit tumor growth.ConclusionsCXCL122, in combination with radiation, demonstrates potent anti‐tumor effects in HNSCC. These findings support further clinical investigation of CXCL122 to enhance the effects of radiotherapy.
Sink or Swim? Empowering Trainees for Informal Learning to Improve Transfer and Distal Outcomes
Authors: Runnalls Blake A. , Blume Brian D. , Huang Jason L. , Wang Zhonghao , Ford J. Kevin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTWhen employees begin a new job in a competitive sales environment, they have a lot to learn in a short period of time. Most organizations incorporate an employee orientation and formal training, but newcomers also learn informally while on the job. We examine the impact of informal field‐based learning (IFBL) on individual outcomes of 242 newcomer sales employees. We investigate how supervisor empowerment interacts with employees' goal orientation to impact IFBL, which serves as a conduit to further influence training transfer and employee outcomes (i.e., supervisor‐rated performance, promotion, and turnover). Results demonstrate that IFBL promotes formal training transfer, which influences newcomers subsequent job performance, promotion, and turnover. We also found that supervisor empowerment has an indirect effect on employee promotion and turnover sequentially through IFBL, training transfer, and performance, and this indirect effect is moderated by employee goal orientation. Practical implications for leveraging supervisor empowerment and tailoring support based on employee goal orientation are discussed.
Hydrophysical Properties of Peat in Undisturbed and Smelter‐Impacted Peatlands: Implications for Moss Recovery, Drought and Wildfire
Authors: McCarter Colin P. R. , Tutt Emma , Moore Paul A. , Furukawa Alex K. , Verkaik Gregory J. , Wilkinson Sophie L. , Whittington Pete , Waddington James M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPeatlands are critical for global climate regulation storing approximately 500 Gt of carbon and accounting for 33% of global soil organic carbon. Regionally, these ecosystems provide essential wildfire resilience and are important pollutant sinks but degradation puts these key ecosystem services at risk. Smelting operations in Sudbury, ON, Canada, released approximately 12 000 t of particulate copper and nickel into the atmosphere between 1883 and 1969. Toxic metal and sulphur deposition on peatlands from smelting activities caused the widespread decline of keystone peatland moss species (i.e., Sphagnum) and altered peat properties. The changes in peat hydrophysical properties due to historical metal contamination likely reduce peatland resilience to drought and wildfires, thereby increasing the potential for toxic heavy metal remobilisation; however, these peat properties changes have yet to be quantified. We determine 1) how historical smelter pollution impacts peat hydrophysical properties by measuring bulk density, saturated hydraulic conductivity and soil water retention in the upper 40 cm of both undisturbed (located ~160 km outside the deposition region) and smelter‐impacted peatlands, 2) use these data to explore the vulnerability of these peatlands to wildfires and drought and 3) assess the potential for natural Sphagnum moss recovery. Smelter‐impacted peat had a significantly higher bulk density, lower macroporosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity that drove large differences in modelled soil water tension profiles during simulated drying events. These differences in soil water tension and retention profiles resulted in the smelter‐impacted peat having a far greater proportion of the peat profile that would be susceptible to smouldering combustion than the undisturbed peat. Additionally, the smelter‐impacted peat properties likely contributed to the limited Sphagnum moss recovery, while concurrently increasing drought and wildfire risk. As such, we argue that contaminated peatland restoration is necessary to enhance Sphagnum moss recovery to mitigate toxic metal remobilisation risk from drought and wildfire.
A Triple Therapeutic Regiment Consisted of Colchicine, Thalidomide and Total Glucosides of Paeony Is Effective and Well‐Tolerated for Treating Mucocutaneous Involvement in Patients With Behcet's Disease
Authors: Cai Jian‐Fei , Wei Ya‐Rong , Chen Yong , Zou Jun , Yan Shen , Guan Jian‐Long 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of a triple therapy consisting of colchicine, thalidomide and total glucosides of paeony (TGP) in Behcet's disease (BD) patients with mucocutaneous involvement.MethodsTotally 355 newly diagnosed BD patients with mucocutaneous involvement were recruited, who received dexamethasone and colchicine for the first 2 weeks, then they were categorized into “sustained triple‐therapy (ST)” (n = 231) and “colchicine to triple‐therapy (CT)” (n = 124) groups respectively: for ST group, patients received colchicine, thalidomide plus TGP from Month (M)0.5 to M12; for CT group, patients received colchicine from M0.5 to M2, then switched to colchicine, thalidomide plus TGP from M3 to M12.ResultsThe percentages of oral ulceration (at M1, M2) and genital ulceration (at M1) were lower in ST group compared to CT group, whereas there was no difference of other clinical manifestations (including uveitis, erythema nodosum, thrombosis, arterial involvement or nervous system involvement) at each time point between the two groups. For biochemical indexes, ESR was higher at M1 but rapidly reduced at M2 in ST group compared to CT group, while CRP level was similar at all time points between the two groups. For side effects, occurrences of drug‐related cytopenia and diarrhea were increased, in ST group compared to CT group.ConclusionsA triple therapy consisting of colchicine, thalidomide and TGP is more effective and equally tolerated compared to colchicine alone in treating BD patients with mucocutaneous involvement.
Phenotypic and Allelic Frequencies of ABO and Rh(D) Blood Antigens in Ghana: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nkansah Charles , Osei‐Boakye Felix , Appiah Samuel K. , Abbam Gabriel , Banyeh Moses , Daud Samira , Duneeh Richard V. , Bani Simon B. , Ukwah Boniface N. , Derigubah Charles A. , Usanga Victor U. , Appiah‐Kubi Emmanuel , Chukwurah Ejike F. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundABO and Rh blood group systems are the most significant blood group systems recognized by the International Society of Blood Transfusion and are widely used for clinical and anthropological purposes. This systematic review determined the distribution and allelic frequency of ABO and Rh(D) antigens in Ghana.MethodsLiterature searches were performed in PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect, up to February 20, 2024, and included studies published from 2000 to 2024 in all regions of Ghana. The search terms used to retrieve the preferred literature were “Blood Group/Antigen” and “ABO and Rh(D)” and “Distribution/Frequency/Prevalence,” coupled with the names of the different regions/districts/municipalities in Ghana. Similar blood group individuals from all the regions were added, and countrywide data were gathered. The Hardy−Weinberg model was used to estimate the allelic frequency of blood antigens.ResultsBlood group O (54.72%) was the predominant group in the Ghanaian population, followed by B (21.74%), A (19.65%), and AB (3.89%). Rh(D) antigen was present in 92.28% of the population, and only 7.72% were Rh(D) negative. The calculated allelic frequencies of A, B, O, Rh(D) positive, and Rh(D) negative were 0.1227, 0.1376, 0.7397, 0.7222, and 0.2778 for IA(p), IB(q), i(r), ID(v), and Id(u), respectively.ConclusionThe phenotypic frequency of the ABO blood group occurred in the pattern O>B>A>AB, and the prevalence of the Rh(D) negative blood group was 7.72% in Ghana. Future nationwide studies are recommended to assess the distribution of ABO, Rh, and other blood group systems.
Corporate Life Cycles and Analyst Recommendations
Authors: Al Hadi Ahmed , Alazzani Abdulsamad 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study examines the relationship between firm life cycle stages and analyst recommendations. Using a dataset covering 1995 to 2022, we refine the sample to 62,731 firm‐year observations and employ established models to create proxies for the corporate life cycle stages. The regression results reveal positive and significant associations between three life cycle stages—introduction, growth, and maturity (compared to shake‐out)—and analyst recommendations, while the decline stage (compared to shake‐out) is negatively associated with analyst recommendations. In an additional analysis, we find that financial distress impacts analyst recommendations, particularly in the introduction and decline stages, an association that reflects agency considerations and information asymmetry. An analysis of the interaction between analyst recommendations and corporate risk‐taking reveals varying effects across the life cycle stages. Risk‐taking and analyst recommendations positively interact in the introduction, growth, and decline stages, with a positive relationship in the maturity stage. These findings underscore the complex interplay between CLC dynamics, financial distress, risk‐taking behavior, and analyst recommendations and provide insights into market factors and information dynamics. Our results are robust using different measures of CLC, Tobit regression, and Firm‐Fixed Effect regression.
Influence of Ligand Complexity on the Spectroscopic Properties of Type 1 Copper Sites: A Theoretical Study
Authors: Ozuguzel Umut , Safaltin Serzat , Alpay S. Pamir , Alkadry Kenda , Nieman Reed , Korzeniewski Carol , Aquino Adelia J. A. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTMulti‐copper oxidases (MCOs) are enzymes of significant interest in biotechnology due to their efficient catalysis of oxygen reduction to water, making them valuable in sustainable energy production and bio‐electrochemical applications. This study employs time‐dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) to investigate the electronic structure and spectroscopic properties of the Type 1 (T1) copper site in Azurin, which serves as a model for similar sites in MCOs. Four model complexes of varying complexity were derived from the T1 site, including 3 three‐coordinate models and 1 four‐coordinate model with axial methionine ligation, to explore the impact of molecular branches and axial coordination. Calculations using ωB97X‐D3 functional, def2‐TZVP basis set, and conductor‐like polarizable continuum model (CPCM) solvation model reproduced key experimental spectral features, with increased model complexity improving agreement, particularly for the ~400 cm−1 band splitting in resonance Raman spectra. This work enhances our understanding of T1 copper sites' electronic properties and spectra, bridging the gap between simplified models and complex proteins. The findings contribute to the interpretation of spectroscopic data in blue copper proteins and may inform future studies on similar biological systems.
Comparison of radiographic imaging quality/accuracy using photostimulable phosphor plates and metal oxide semiconductor receptors
Authors: Schwerter‐Medina Roberto , Ríos‐Kremer Sebastián , Rosas Cristian , Romero‐Araya Pablo , Aguilera Felipe‐Rodrigo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAimTo compare thequality and accuracy of radiographic images obtained by dentistry students from a Chilean university using photostimulable phosphor plates (PSP) and complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) receptors.Materials and methodsAn experimental study was carried out in which 31 dental students used PSP and CMOS receptors to acquire radiographic images with the aid of a phantom. The time required to generate a radiograph was recorded. Image quality included sharpness/definition and brightness/contrast analysis. Accuracy assessed placement error, angulation errors, and cone cutting. A three‐point scale was used for each variable: 0 = undiagnosable, 1 = acceptable diagnosis with minor errors, and 2 = perfect diagnostic quality.ResultsThe required time to generate a radiograph was faster with PSP than with CMOS (1.43 ± 0.28 min and 1.52 ± 0.61 min, respectively). Image quality analysis revealed that PSP was superior in sharpness/definition and brightness/contrast, whereas no significant differences were observed compared to CMOS (p > 0.05). Moreover, no differences were noticed in technique accuracy regarding angulation errors and cone cutting (p > 0.05). However, placement errors with PSP had significantly higher average scores than CMOS (1.11 ± 0.77 and 0.67 ± 0.85, respectively; p < 0.01).ConclusionDental students would benefit from being trained on both receptors to be able to adapt to a diversified workplace. Radiographic images obtained by dentistry students demonstrate that PSP and CMOS exhibit similar parameters regarding quality and accuracy, except in placement where PSP demonstrates greater accuracy.
Design, Synthesis, and Fungicidal Activities of Novel Strobilurin Derivatives Containing a Substituted 1,3,4‐Oxadiazole Moiety
Authors: Zhang Wenliang , Wang Hongtao , Du Xiaohua 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTTo explore novel structures of strobilurin fungicides, a series of novel strobilurin derivatives featuring a substituted 1,3,4‐oxadiazole in the side chain were synthesized using an intermediate derivatization method and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The reactions involved in the synthesis process include hydrazine hydrolysis, cyclization, nucleophilic substitution reactions. The raw materials required for these reactions are readily available, and the procedures involved in the reaction process are straightforward. The fungicidal activities of the compounds were tested using the inhibition zone method. The inhibition rate of compound 5f on Magnaporthe oryzae was 81.8% at a concentration of 3.125 mg/L, and the EC50 value (0.3045 mg/L) was better than superior to that of kresoxim‐methyl (0.5247 mg/L).
Design and Analysis of High‐Performance Schottky Barrier β‐Ga2O3 MOSFET With Enhanced Drain Current, Breakdown Voltage, and PFOM
Authors: Alam Md Zafar , Khan Imran Ahmed , Amin S. Intekhab , Anam Aadil , Beg Mirza Tariq 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn this article, a Schottky barrier β‐Ga2O3 MOSFET is proposed. It shows improvements in drain saturation current, Ion/Ioff ratio, transconductance, and off‐state breakdown voltage. The proposed design, which implements the Schottky barrier source and drain contacts, has led to reduced on‐state resistance (Ron), reduced forward voltage drops, faster switching speed, higher frequency, and improved efficiency. After device optimization, we determined that a source and drain having a work function of 3.90 eV result in the highest drain saturation current of (Ids) 264 mA. Additionally, in the transfer characteristics, we demonstrate that increasing the channel doping concentration led to a shift toward depletion mode operation, while decreasing the doping concentration moved the device toward enhancement mode at the cost of drain current. Analysis of lattice temperature and self‐heating effects on different substrates has also been performed. Furthermore, introducing a passivation layer of SiO2 as a gate oxide and an unintentionally doped (UID) layer of 400 nm doping concentration of 1.5 × 1015 cm−3, results in further significant improvements in the drain saturation current (Ids) of 624 mA and transconductance of 38.09 mS, approximately doubling their values compared with the device without a passivation layer of SiO2 and an Ion/Ioff ratio of 1015, and the device's performance at various substrate temperatures has been evaluated. In addition, the inclusion of a passivation layer of SiO2 improves the breakdown voltage to 2385 V, which is significantly high compared with the conventional device. Moreover, the lower specific‐on‐resistance Ron,sp of 7.6 mΩ/cm2 and higher breakdown voltage then the high‐power figure of merit (PFOM) (BV2/Ron,sp) of 748 MW/cm2 have been achieved.