bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FAKTOR MATERNAL YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN PADA IBU HAMIL DI DAERAH URBAN
Authors: SASTRI NEN 
Published: April 2021

Profil kesehatan Indonesian tahun 2015 menunjukkan bahwa AKI adalah sebesar 305 kematian ibu per 100.000 kelahiran hidup. Komplikasi yang terjadi tentunya tidak terlepas dari buruknya status gizi ibu dan pada akhirnya berdampak kepada kondisi janin yang dilahirkan (Kemenkes RI, 2015).
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk diketahuinya hubungan antara umur, pendidikan, pekerjaan, jarak kelahiran, paritas pada ibu hamil dengan kejadian KEK di BPM Ellna Palembang tahun 2017. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian observasional dengan pendekatan case control. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua ibu hamil pada bulan 1 sd 12, tahun 2017. Kriteria Kasus adalah semua tersangka ibu hamil dengan KEK yang tercatat dalam buku l kehamilan dan pemeriksaan LILA diketahui kurang dari 23,5 cm. Analisa data: analisis univariat, analisis bivariat, analisa Multivariat.
Hasil penelitian ibu hamil didapatkan distribusi frekuensi berdasarkan kejadian KEK sebanyak 87 kasus KEK. Hasil analisis hubungan antara umur dengan kejadian KEK diperoleh nilai signifikan p = 0,007 OR diperoleh sebesar 3,302. Analisis hubungan antara pendidikan dengan kejadian KEK diperoleh nilai signifikan p = 0,030 OR diperoleh sebesar 1,870. Analisis hubungan antara pekerjaan dengan kejadian KEK diperoleh nilai signifikan p = 0,002 OR diperoleh sebesar 2,538. Analisis hubungan antara paritas dengan kejadian KEK diperoleh nilai signifikan p = 0,000 OR diperoleh sebesar 2,758. Analisis hubungan antara jarak kelahiran dengan kejadian KEK diperoleh nilai signifikan p = 0,014 OR diperoleh sebesar 2,359.
Simpulannya ada hubungan antara umur, Pendidikan, pekerjaan, paritas, jarak kelahiran ibu hamil dengan kejadian KEK.

Kata kunci: KEK pada ibu hamil
Resolution of the Expert Council on the New Approach to Drug Therapy for Non-Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Kaidarova Dilyara , Shatkovskaya Oxana , Dushimova Zaure , Ongarbayev Bakytzhan 
Published: April 2021

Relevance: Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common
malignant neoplasms in the male population. The widespread
introduction of modern diagnostic methods and the determination of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels have increased
the number of detected cases of localized and locally advanced
PC forms. However, in some patients treated with radical
methods and long-term androgen deprivation therapy (ADT),
the disease continues to progress in the form of an increase in
PSA levels with castration testosterone values and with no distant metastases. Such a course of the disease is referred to as
non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC).
Purpose: The article reports the results of a meeting of the
Expert Council arranged by the Kazakh Research Institute of
Oncology and Radiology on December 25, 2020, on non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer diagnostics and
treatment.
Results: Large clinical studies highlight the critical importance of controlling the PSA doubling time as the main prognostic factor for an unfavorable outcome to increase patient
survival and prevent the development of distant metastases.
Based on the results of large randomized studies, experts
recommended using new-generation androgen receptor antagonists in combination with ongoing ADT to improve the
clinical outcomes in nmCRPC patients at high risk of metastatic
progression. The Expert Council was presented with the data of
a registration clinical study on darolutamide efficacy and safety. The advantages of introducing this drug into clinical practice to expand the choice of therapeutic options were identified.
Personalized adjustment of a treatment regimen will increase
the treatment efficacy and ensure higher survival in this category of patients.
Conclusion: Increasing survival as the main objective
in treating nmCRPC patients requires improved diagnostics
through regular controlling of testosterone and PSA levels, calculation of PSA doubling time, and the use of radiological diagnostic methods to rule out distant metastases. The choice of
therapy in patients at high risk of metastasis shall consider the
patient’s status and the treatment efficacy and safety balance.
A liberdade à luz do Princípio Vida de Hans Jonas
Authors: Pinheiro Sylvia Valéria 
Published: April 2021

A liberdade aparece em Hans Jonas (1903-1993) como diretriz para a compreensão da vida, serve lhe como pilar na formulação de seu Princípio Vida. Ao explorar a relação entre a necessidade natural e a contingência radical, apontando para a estrita hegemonia da lei da causalidade da ação. Apesar da pluralidade de possibilidades, uma vez encetado o caminho, as possibilidades passadas deixam de existir. A Teoria da Evolução de Darwin (1809-1882) revela a contingente interação entre organismo e meio ambiente. Por parte do organismo ocorrem as variações aleatórias e o ambiente atua pela seleção natural. Jonas aplica o conceito de liberdade na tarefa de interpretar a vida e a considera como o seu fio condutor, pois diferentes estágios da substância Vida podem ser compreendidos se tomado por foco a liberdade a ele disponível. O Ser tende a graus cada vez mais elevados de interação, que implicam, evidentemente, em mais possibilidades de liberdade. No entanto esta liberdade está imbricada com a necessidade do Ser que urge por satisfação. Assim, se conforma um vigoroso movimento dialético: a necessidade demanda uma satisfação do exercício de uma liberdade. Esse binômio se autossustenta, um não existe sem o outro, e nesse movimento incessante o Ser existe. Nas palavras de Hans Jonas, “o poder se transforma em dever quando o que importa é o ser” (JONAS, 2004)
SOSA, Armando Cisneros. O espaço de Bachelard.
Authors: Da Rocha Gabriel Kafure 
Published: April 2021

ResumoEsta é uma revisão do método bachelardiano utilizado para a análise do espaço, tendo como eixo A poética do espaço, trabalho publicado em 1957. O método é definido como fenomenológico a partir dos pontos do próprio Bachelard, do uso que faz da psicologia de Minkowsky e de sua particular análise dos significados da linguagem poética. Consequentemente, ocorrem de maneira resumida os aspectos do espaço que transcendem ao conhecimento científico e que, a partir da poesia, descrevem as características de um espaço significativo para o poeta. A Casa, os cantos e os móveis, entre outros aspectos, serão objeto de representações poéticas que revelam, inclusive, uma filosofia do espaço.
O Poder dos Sem-Poder no Black Bloc: Uma Tática de Enfrentamento Anticapitalista contra os Principados da Dominação
Authors: Costa de Freitas Jan Clefferson 
Published: April 2021

Maquiavel advoga a manutenção da ignorância sobre as massas como uma forma de manter os súditos do príncipe bem comportados. Merleau-Ponty apresenta a omissão da verdade enquanto alienação como uma medida de dominação no pensamento maquiavelista. O Black Bloc é uma tática de enfrentamento anticapitalista na luta das ruas contra os poderes instituídos pelas autoridades e que se faz totalmente contra o princípio da dominação. Por mais de duas décadas os Black Blocs ao redor do mundo têm feito com que os príncipes da tirania contemporânea não tenham sono. Isso se deve ao fato de que os povos não querem morrer de cabeça baixa sendo explorados pelos tiranos. A tendência atual que se faz presente nas manifestações reivindicatórias é a luta organizada, em oposição à opressão deliberada pelos facínoras contra o povo. Isso evidencia o que pode o povo desprovido de poder quando se faz organizar para enfrentar os asquerosos. Uma verdadeira ameaça ao poder dos com-poder se faz aparecer para abolir os privilégios dos poderosos. Pretende-se apresentar no presente artigo uma explanação mais sucinta de tal discussão.
Goed nieuws: Hof van Justitie beschermt stakingsrecht voor de happy few
Authors: Dorssemont Filip 
Published: April 2021

Goed nieuws: Hof van Justitie beschermt stakingsrecht voor de happy few
Op 29 januari 2020 vernietigde het Gerecht (Hof van Justitie) een bevel van het Europees Parlement als werkgever waarbij een aantal tolken en conferentietolken werd opgeëist. Het bevel kwam tot stand om het hoofd te bieden aan een staking. Het is de eerste maal dat het Hof van Justitie uitdrukkelijk erkent dat EU-ambtenaren een recht te staken hebben. Het arrest illustreert dat beperkingen van in het Handvest van de grondrechten van de Europese Unie gewaarborgde grondrechten bij wet moeten zijn voorzien. Dit veronderstelt dat een duidelijke en voldoende nauwkeurige juridische grondslag moet bestaan. Deze bijdrage werpt licht op het weinig gekende stelsel van collectieve arbeidsverhoudingen binnen de Europese instellingen.
Het nemo-teneturbeginsel bij digitale opsporingsbevoegdheden: oproep tot discussie over fundamentele bezinning van de normering van het opsporingsonderzoek in een digitale context
Authors: van Toor D.A.G. 
Published: April 2021

Het nemo-teneturbeginsel bij digitale opsporingsbevoegdheden: oproep tot discussie over fundamentele bezinning van de normering van het opsporingsonderzoek in een digitale context
Het ontgrendelen van elektronische gegevensdragers met een biometrisch kenmerk staat nog steeds in de schijnwerpers van de rechtswetenschap en de rechtspraktijk. Uit de literatuur is een duidelijke meerderheidsopvatting te distilleren, namelijk dat de verdachte verplicht kan worden elektronische gegevensdragers met een biometrisch kenmerk te ontgrendelen, maar dat van een verplichting zijn wachtwoord af te staan geen sprake kan zijn. Verschillende nationale gerechten hebben dezelfde conclusie getrokken. Ondanks de duidelijke meerderheidsopvatting werd tegen een van de eerste uitspraken, een vonnis van de rechtbank Noord-Holland, cassatie in het belang van de wet ingesteld waarin advocaat-generaal Bleichrodt onlangs concludeerde. In deze bijdrage wordt de zojuist genoemde conclusie besproken, in het licht van de afwezigheid van een fundamentele bezinning op de normering van opsporingsbevoegdheden in de digitale wereld.
De last onder dwangsom nieuwe stijl: een bestraffende sanctie?
Authors: Duijkersloot A.P.W. , Zorg W. 
Published: April 2021

De last onder dwangsom nieuwe stijl: een bestraffende sanctie?
Het onderscheid tussen herstelsancties en bestraffende sancties blijft vragen oproepen. Vanwege het verschil in rechtswaarborgen voor de overtreder is de kwalificatie van een sanctie als het een of het ander van belang. Dit geldt met name ook voor de inzet van de last onder dwangsom nieuwe stijl, die de laatste jaren als alternatief voor het stafrecht en de bestuurlijke boete door vooral gemeenten wordt gehanteerd. De ABRvS kwalificeert deze sanctie als niet-bestraffend. Daar is zeker iets voor te zeggen. Toch is enige twijfel op zijn plaats, met name in het licht van het criminal charge-begrip van artikel 6 EVRM.
Het toezicht op de opsporing
Authors: Samadi M. 
Published: April 2021

Het toezicht op de opsporing: Enkele aspecten van het toezicht door de officier van justitie
De Hoge Raad staat een terughoudende rechterlijke controle van het vooronderzoek voor. Aan deze opstelling ligt de gedachte ten grondslag dat de controle op de strafvorderlijke overheid vooral een taak is van andere instanties, zoals de officier van justitie en in meer algemene zin het OM. Alom wordt aangenomen dat de officier van justitie een belangrijke verantwoordelijkheid heeft in dezen. Over hoe in de praktijk invulling wordt gegeven aan deze taak is echter weinig bekend. Dit artikel bespreekt op basis van eerder verricht onderzoek een aantal aspecten van het toezicht dat door de officier van justitie wordt uitgeoefend op de opsporing.
Artikel 272 Sr: zullen we het dan maar geheim gehouden?
Authors: Sackers H.J.B. 
Published: April 2021

Artikel 272 Sr: zullen we het dan maar geheim gehouden?
Zowel het aantal schendingen van het beroepsgeheim, zoals bedoeld in artikel 272 Sr, als het aantal strafzaken is toegenomen. In de bijdrage wordt de actuele jurisprudentie behandeld.
Immigration et francophonies minoritaires canadiennes : les apories de la cohésion sociale
Authors: Sall Leyla , Veronis Luisa , Huot Suzanne , Piquemal Nathalie , Zellama Faïçal 
Published: April 2021

Les communautés francophones en situation minoritaire (CFSM) du Canada ont opéré une transformation sociétale remarquable au début des années 2000 : elles sont devenues des communautés d’accueil d’immigrants d’expression française et francophiles. Mais qu’en est-il de leur cohésion sociale dans le contexte de la diversité ethnoraciale ? Cet article explore les apories de la cohésion sociale dans quatre CFSM à travers le pays (Colombie-Britannique, Manitoba, Ontario et Nouveau-Brunswick). Il se base, d’une part, sur des tendances lourdes de la recherche en sciences sociales portant sur la cohésion sociale et, d’autre part, sur des données qualitatives issues de groupes de discussion. Nos résultats confirment un fait mis en évidence par la sociologie durkheimienne : l’atteinte d’une cohésion sociale par les CFSM semble devoir passer par un processus de destruction créatrice générateur de collectivités contractuelles, qui sont aptes à intégrer pleinement des immigrants francophones transnationaux qui ne partagent pas nécessairement les ambitions de faire société de leur communauté d’accueil.
Identifying Families in C-SPAN's U.S. Presidential Ratings: 2000, 2009, and 2017
Authors: CRAMER ALEXANDER , CRAMER KENNETH 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Since the inauguration of George Washington in 1789, the United States of America has seen the governance of some 44 individual presidents. Although such presidents share a variety of attributes, they still differ from one another on many others. Significantly, these traits may be used to construct distinct sets of “families” of presidents throughout American history. By comparatively analyzing data from experts on the U.S. presidency – in this case, the C-SPAN Presidential Historians Surveys from 2000, 2009, and 2017 – this article identifies a consistent set of six presidential families: the All Stars; the Conservative Visionaries; the Postwar Progressives; the Average Joes; the Forgettables; and the Regrettables. In situating these categories in history, this article argues that U.S. presidents can be accurately organized into cohesive, like-performing families whose constituents share a common set of criteria.
The Effect of Sucrose and Stress on Male Participants' Memory
Authors: FOX COSETTE , PAJOR SABRINA 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTGlucose has been shown to have a memory facilitating effect. The goal of this study is to test if sucrose, a carbohydrate consumed on a daily basis, would also enhance memory in male college students. Subjects were given either a sucrose (50 g) or a placebo drink (50.6 mg of saccharine). Subjects filled the Stress Indicator Questionnaire that measures five stress indicators: physical, sleep, behavioral, emotional, and personal habits. A slideshow of 52 IAPS pictures were then shown to the subjects followed by immediate and delayed recall tests and a recognition test. Even though we found no direct effect of sucrose on memory, the results showed that high fasting blood glucose level is associated with lower recognition memory. Furthermore, high sleep stress enhanced memory for immediate recall. On the other hand, high behavioral stress was detrimental for delayed recall and recognition. The differential effects of the different indicators of stress on memory is discussed in relation to changes in cortisol levels that may result in modulation of blood glucose levels which in turn can affect memory. The results of this study shed light on the effect of different types of stress and fasting glucose levels on memory.
Counterfeiting and Michigan: The Territorial and Early Statehood Years
Authors: BAILEY CHRISTOPHER , WHITE NANCY J. 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Counterfeiting crime was pervasive in the early years of Michigan. This paper describes and analyzes the environment of currency counterfeiting and the causes and effects of counterfeiting in Michigan in the early- and mid-nineteenth century. The laws and changes to the laws of Michigan relating to counterfeiting are also summarized. This is the first state-level historical narrative of nineteenth century counterfeiting in the United States, allowing us to investigate the economic environment and the counterfeiting and counterfeiting law outcomes of a particular state with its particular circumstances. This will give future researchers a basis for state-to-state comparisons of causes and outcomes of counterfeiting and counterfeiting law. In our conclusion, we provide a lengthy example list of future state-to-state counterfeiting comparisons that can be made.
Soil microbial diversity in organic and non-organic pasture systems
Authors: Acharya Mohan , Ashworth Amanda J. , Yang Yichao , Burke Joan M. , Lee Jung Ae , Sharma Acharya Roshani 
Published: April 2021

Understanding the effects of organic pasture management on the soil microbiome is important for sustainable forage production since soil microbiome diversity contributes to improved nutrient cycling, soil structure, plant growth, and environmental resiliency; however, the soil microbiome response to pasture management is largely unknown. This study assessed the soil microbial diversity, richness, and community structure following 10 years of pasture management (organic or non-organic) of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Soil samples were collected from 0–15 cm in July and August from 2017–2018 and soil nutrient properties (nutrients, carbon, nitrogen, and pH) quantified and correlated with soil microbial diversity. Overall, greater soil bacterial species richness (P ≤ 0.05) occurred in organic relative to non-organic (conventional) systems. Management affected bacterial species richness (Chao1), with greater richness occurring in organic pasture soils and less richness occurring in non-organic systems (P ≤ 0.05). Similarly, management affected bacterial evenness (Simpson’s index), with a more diverse community occurring in organically managed soils relative to non-organic pastures (P ≤ 0.05). Linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis showed statistically significant and biologically consistent differences in bacterial taxa in organic compared with non-organic soils. Therefore, there was a shift in bacterial community structure in organic relative to non-organic soils (P ≤ 0.05). Additionally, soil nutrients (Fe, Mg, Ni, S, Al, K, Cd, and Cu), pH, C, and N were correlated with one or more dominant bacterial phyla (Gemmatimonadetes, Planctomycetes, Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria). Overall, pasture management affected soil microbial diversity, with greater diversity occurring in organic than non-organic systems, likely owing to applications of organic poultry litter in organic systems compared to non-organic management (use of inorganic-fertilizers and herbicides). Results indicate that when pastures are converted to organic production systems, soil microbial richness and diversity may increase, thereby resulting in enhanced soil microbiome diversity and overall ecosystem services.
The antimicrobial activity of silver acetate against Acinetobacter baumannii in a Galleria mellonella infection model
Authors: Mannix-Fisher Eden , McLean Samantha 
Published: April 2021

Background
The increasing prevalence of bacterial infections that are resistant to antibiotic treatment has caused the scientific and medical communities to look for alternate remedies aimed at prevention and treatment. In addition to researching novel antimicrobials, there has also been much interest in revisiting some of the earliest therapies used by man. One such antimicrobial is silver; its use stretches back to the ancient Greeks but interest in its medicinal properties has increased in recent years due to the rise in antibiotic resistance. Currently antimicrobial silver is found in everything from lunch boxes to medical device implants. Though much is claimed about the antimicrobial efficacy of silver salts the research in this area is mixed.

Methods
Herein we investigated the efficacy of silver acetate against a carbapenem resistant strain of Acinetobacter baumannii to determine the in vitro activity of this silver salt against a World Health Organisation designated category I critical pathogen. Furthermore, we use the Galleria mellonella larvae model to assess toxicity of the compound and its efficacy in treating infections in a live host.

Results
We found that silver acetate can be delivered safely to Galleria at medically relevant and antimicrobial levels without detriment to the larvae and that administration of silver acetate to an infection model significantly improved survival. This demonstrates the selective toxicity of silver acetate for bacterial pathogens but also highlights the need for administration of well-defined doses of the antimicrobial to provide an efficacious treatment.
Bayes Estimators of Exponentiated Inverse Rayleigh Distribution using Lindleys Approximation
Authors: Sule Bashiru Omeiza , Adegoke Taiwo Mobolaji , Uthman Kafayat Tolani 
Published: April 2021

In this paper, Bayes estimators of the unknown shape and scale parameters of the Exponentiated Inverse Rayleigh Distribution (EIRD) have been derived using both the frequentist and bayesian methods. The Bayes theorem was adopted to obtain the posterior distribution of the shape and scale parameters of an Exponentiated Inverse Rayleigh Distribution (EIRD) using both conjugate and non-conjugate prior distribution under different loss functions (such as Entropy Loss Function, Linex Loss Function and Scale Invariant Squared Error Loss Function). The posterior distribution derived for both shape and scale parameters are intractable and a Lindley approximation was adopted to obtain the parameters of interest. The loss function were employed to obtain the estimates for both scale and shape parameters with an assumption that the both scale and shape parameters are unknown and independent. Also the Bayes estimate for the simulated datasets and real life datasets were obtained. The Bayes estimates obtained under dierent loss functions are close to the true parameter value of the shape and scale parameters. The estimators are then compared in terms of their Mean Square Error (MSE) using R programming language. We deduce that the MSE reduces as the sample size (n) increases.
An adaptive feedback linearized model predictive controller design for a nonlinear multi‐input multi‐output system
Authors: Dutta Lakshmi , Das Dushmanta K. 
Published: April 2021

SummaryIn this work, an adaptive feedback linearized model predictive control (AFLMPC) scheme is proposed to compensate system uncertainty for a class of nonlinear multi‐input multi‐output system. Initially, a feedback linearization technique is used to transform the nonlinear dynamics into an exact linear model, thereafter, a model predictive control scheme is designed to obtain the desired tracking performance. A suitable constraint mapping algorithm has been developed to map input constraints to the new virtual input of the proposed control scheme. The proposed control scheme utilizes multiple estimation model and the concept of second‐level adaptation technique Pandey et al. (2014) to handle the parametric uncertainty in real‐time. Hence, the adaptive term in the control scheme is used to counteract the effect of model uncertainties and parameter adaptation errors. The effectiveness of the proposed AFLMPC control algorithm has been verified successfully in simulation as well as the experimental setup of the TRMS model. The unavailable states of the nonlinear system have been estimated using an extended Kalman filter based state observer. The performance of the proposed control algorithm has been compared with other existing nonlinear control techniques in simulation and experimental validation.