bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender Differences In The Effects of Marital Status And Physical Activity On Depression Among The South Korean Elderly
Authors: Park Soojin , Nam Jin Young 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Depression in the elderly has recently drawn considerable attention as a public health issue because of its significant impact on the physical and social relationship of these individuals. We examined the association of physical activity and marital status with depression in the elderly and the related gender differences.Methods: This study used the data of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) of 2014, 2016, and 2018. The participants were 4,134 elderly individuals aged 65 years or older. The association of physical activity and marital status with depression was analyzed using logistic regression.Results: Out of 4,134 elderly participants, 318 had depression. Those not living with their spouse had higher prevalence of depression than those living with their spouse (women: odds ratio [OR] = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.01-1.82; men: OR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.05-3.39). Moreover, spouseless elderly who engaged in physical activity was associated with depression (OR = 1.65, 95% CI= 1.04-2.62). In the case of elderly men, the risk of depression was 2.7 times higher for those who lived alone without a spouse and engaged physical activity.Conclusions: There was a gender difference in the association between marital status and depression, elderly men without spouses having higher risk of depression. Policymakers need to devise health programs and policies to encourage older men to engage in social activities after retirement.
High expression of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine is associated with a more favorable hepatoblastoma prognosis in Chinese patients
Authors: Huang Junting , Hu Yang , Chen Huadong , Chen Binbin , Zhang Yu , Yan Shumei , Lu Suying , Sun Feifei , Zhu Jia , Wang Juan , Zhen Zijun , Liu Juncheng , Zhang Yizhuo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

To analyze associations between the strength of expression of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and survival outcomes of Chinese hepatoblastoma patients.
Methods

We collected and analyzed clinical data of hepatoblastoma patients aged <15 years treated at the Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center or the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from Feb 2010 to Sept 2018. Patients were treated according to the Children's Oncology Group protocol. Specimens for pathology were collected by biopsy or surgical resection before initiation of chemotherapy. The level of expression of 5hmC was analyzed in tissue samples from 100 patients by immunohistochemistry. The prognostic value of 5hmC was evaluated by Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses.
Results

We enrolled 100 patients with hepatoblastoma (median follow-up, 43.0 months; range, 18.4–131.6). The total recurrence rate was 30.0%. Three-year overall survival (OS) rates of high and low 5hmC expressors was 92.6%±3.6% and 80.3%±5.9%, respectively. Three-year event-free survival (EFS) of high and low expressors was 84.4%±5.1% and 49.8%±7.7%, respectively. Thus, high levels of 5hmC expression are associated with more favorable OS and EFS. Multivariate analysis indicated that 5hmC expression level was an independent prognostic indicator for OS and EFS.
Conclusions

Our findings showed that strong hepatoblastoma 5hmC expression was associated with lower recurrence rates and longer EFS and OS. Thus, 5hmC expression may have prognostic relevance in hepatoblastoma.
The Ablation of T1R1 Reduces Lipid Accumulation Through Reducing the De Novo Lipid Synthesis and Improving Lipid Metabolism in Mice
Authors: Ma Lu , Tian Xuekai , Xi Fengxue , He Yulin , Li Dong , Sun Jingchun , Yuan Tiantian , Wang Yaxin , Fan Lin , Zhang Chunlei , Yang Gongshe , Yu Taiyong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: That cells sense extracellular amino acids to regulate intracellular lipid metabolism has been a heated debate in terms of the study on amino acid nutrition. T1R1 is a membrane G protein-coupled receptor that senses amino acids in a variety of cells. In our study, T1R1-KO mice was used to explore the function of umami taste receptor in lipid metabolism. Results: Compared with wild-type mice, T1R1-KO mice showed Significantly lighter adipose tissue weight, reduced serum triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC), as well as higher glucose tolerance on chow diet. Moreover, there were less lipid accumulation in adipose and liver tissue and shrink of the adipocyte size in T1R1-KO mice. And a decreased expression of lipogenesis genes (PPARγ, CEBPα, SREBP1) was found in both adipose and liver tissue. To further study the mechanism of T1R1 regulating liver lipid metabolism, proteomics analysis was introduced and the up-regulated proteins were enriched in lipid and steroid metabolism pathways of T1R1-KO mice. Further PRM verification analysis showed that the ablation of T1R1 reduced the de novo synthesis of lipids through BCKDHA and BCKDHB, and promoted lipid metabolism through CYP7B1 and IGFBP2. Conclusions: Our results showed that the disruption of T1R1 in mice could reduce body lipid accumulation, and our data clarifies the role of umami receptors in lipid metabolism and could provide a basis for the research on nutrition and obesity.
Assessing the Effectiveness of an App-Based Unintentional Injury Intervention for Caregivers of Rural Chinese Preschoolers: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: He Jieyi , Wang Wanhui , Ning Peishan , Cheng Peixia , Li Jie , Zheng Ming , Yuan Shujuan , Yang Lei , Wu Youyou , Zong Huiying , Schwebel David C. , Yang Yang , Hu Guoqing 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundCompared to urban children, children living in rural areas of most countries, including China, are at higher risk of suffering unintentional injuries. Most proven injury prevention interventions, however, are rarely implemented in rural China due to lack of resources. Mobile health interventions are low-cost and easy-to-implement, facilitating implementing injury prevention in resource-limited areas (e.g., rural areas). This study is designed to examine the effectiveness of an app-based intervention for unintentional injury prevention among rural preschoolers in China. MethodsA single-blind, 18-month, parallel-group cluster randomized controlled trial with 1:1 allocation ratio will be implemented in 2 rural areas of China (Yang County, Shaanxi Province, and Shicheng County, Jiangxi Province). In total, at least 3508 rural caregivers of preschoolers aged 3-6 years old who own a smartphone will be recruited from 24 preschools. Clusters will be randomized at the preschool level and allocated to the control group (receiving routine school-based education plus app-based parenting education excluding unintentional injury prevention) or the intervention group (receiving routine school-based education plus app-based parenting education including unintentional injury prevention). External support strategies will be adopted by local partners to minimize user fatigue, non-compliance, and attrition. Data collection will be conducted at baseline and then every 3 months during the 18-month follow-up time period. Intention-to-treat (ITT) data analysis will be implemented. Missing values will be imputed by using the Expectation Maximization algorithm (EM). Generalized estimation equations (GEE) will test the overall effectiveness of the app-based intervention. A per-protocol (PP) sensitivity analysis will be conducted to test the robustness of results. Subgroup analyses will follow the strategies for primary analyses.ResultsThe primary outcome measure is the incidence rate of unintentional injury among preschoolers during the study period. Secondary outcome measures comprise longitudinal changes in caregiver’s attitudes, caregiver-reported supervision behaviors, and caregiver-assessed home environment safety surrounding child unintentional injury prevention in the last week using a standardized audit instrument.ConclusionThe app-based intervention is expected to be feasible and effective over the 18-month intervention period. If the app is demonstrated effective as hypothesized, we will initiate processes to generalize and popularize it broadly to rural child caregivers across China. Trial registrationChiCTR2000037606, registered on August 29, 2020.
Bioinformatic analysis of PD 1 checkpoint blockade responsive immune microenvironment in severe influenza infection
Authors: ou huilin , Chen Keda , Wu Hongcheng , Yao hangping 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: The programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) signaling pathway is significantly upregulated in severe influenza virus infection, which impairs the immune system and causes increased tissue inflammation and damage. Blocking this signaling pathway will reduce the damage, lower the virus titer in lung tissue, and alleviate the symptoms of infection to promote recovery. The aim of this study was to identify the key factors and regulatory mechanisms in the PD-1 checkpoint blockade–responsive immune microenvironment in severe influenza infection. Methods: A BALB/c mouse model of severe influenza A/H1N1 infection was constructed, and whole-transcriptome sequencing of mice treated with PD-1 checkpoint blockade before severe A/PR8(H1N1) influenza infection and IgG2a isotype control before infection were performed. Subsequently, the differential expression of nucleic acids between these two groups was analyzed, followed by functional interaction prediction analysis to investigate gene-regulatory circuits. Results: In total, 84 differentially expressed (dif) mRNAs, 36 dif-microRNAs (miRNAs), 90 dif‑lncRNAs (long noncoding RNAs), and 22 dif-circRNAs (circular RNAs) were found in PD-1 antagonist treated A/PR8(H1N1) influenza infection lung compared with the controls (IgG2a isotype control treated before infection). In spleens between the above two groups, 45 dif-mRNAs, 36 dif-miRNAs, 57 dif-lncRNAs, and 24 dif-circRNAs were identified. Direct function enrichment analysis of dif-mRNAs and dif-miRNAs showed that these genes were mainly involved in myocardial damage related to viral infection, mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, RAP1 (Ras-related protein 1) signaling pathway, and Axon guidance. Finally, 595 interaction pairs were obtained for the lungs and 462 interaction pairs for the spleen were obtained in the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) complex network, in which the downregulated mmu‑miR-7043-3p and Vps39-204 were enriched significantly. Conclusions: The present study provided a basis for the identification of potential pathways and hub genes that might be involved in the PD-1 checkpoint blockade–responsive immune microenvironment in severe influenza infection.
Derivation and validation a risk model for acute kidney injury and subsequent adverse events after cardiac surgery: a multicenter cohort study
Authors: Zhang Hang , Yu Min , Wang Rui , Fan Rui , Zhang Ke , Chen Wen , Chen Xin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

Acute Kidney Injury, a frequent complication in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, is associated with high mortality and poor quality of life. We aimed to establish a risk model for acute kidney injury and subsequent adverse events in Chinese cardiac patients.
Methods

This study included 11740 patients who had cardiac surgery at 14 institutions in China. Patients were randomly assigned to a derivation cohort (n = 8197) or a validation cohort (n = 3543). Variables ascertained during hospitalization were screened using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and logistic regression to construct a nomogram model. Model performance was evaluated using C-statistic, calibration curve, and Brier score. The nomogram was further compared with the five conventional models: Mehta score, Ng score, AKICS score, SRI score, and Cleveland Clinic score. Acute kidney injury was defined according to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria. Subsequent adverse events included mid-term outcomes: death from all causes and major adverse kidney events (defined as composite outcome of death from renal failure, dialysis, and advanced chronic kidney disease).
Results

Acute kidney injury occurred in 3237 (27.6%) patients. The model included 12 predictors. The nomogram achieved a C-statistic of 0.825 and 0.804 in the derivation and validation cohorts, respectively, and had well-fitted calibration curves. The model performance of the nomogram was better than other five conventional models. After risk stratification, moderate-risk or high-risk groups were associated with significantly higher rates of death from all causes and major adverse kidney events compared with low-risk group during 7-year follow-up.
Conclusions

The nomogram provided an effective tool for predicting acute kidney injury and evaluating its subsequent adverse events after cardiac surgery.
Continuous Prescribed-Time Sliding Mode Control with A Prescribed-Time ESO for Second-Order Nonlinear Systems with Mismatched Disturbance
Authors: Ju Xiaozhe , Wang Feng , Guan Yingzi , Xu Shihao 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper aims to settle the continuous prescribed-time stabilization problem of second-order nonlinear systems with mismatched disturbances. A continuous prescribed-time sliding mode control (CPTSMC) method with a prescribed-time extended state observer (PTESO) is proposed. The PTESO can precisely estimate the unknown states and disturbances, with its upper bound for the settling time (UBST) prescribed by only one parameter more tightly than existing finite-time or fixed-time ESOs. Furthermore, as a common concern for ESOs, the peaking value problem is well addressed. Then, a novel prescribed-time convergent form with little conservatism and simple tuning procedures is designed, and the internal mechanism in acquiring higher transient performance is explicitly researched. By using the estimated states and disturbances, the CPTSMC makes system states converge in a chattering-alleviated manner following the novel prescribed-time form. In addition to proving that the UBST of the whole system is tightly prescribed by only one design parameter, we show the continuity of the CPTSMC and the boundedness of all system signals, which are vital for practical applications. Ultimately, numerical simulations on the second-order system and a DC motor servo verify the efficiency of the proposed control system.
Long Noncoding RNA AL161729.4 Acts as an miR-760 Sponge to Enhance Colon Adenocarcinoma Proliferation via Activating PI3K/Akt Signaling
Authors: Liu Xinhong , Shi Mengyang , Mi Xue , Zhao Xin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Colon adenocarcinoma is one of the most common gastrointestinal malignancies with poor prognosis and high mortality. The mRNA-miRNA-lncRNA regulatory network mediated by m6A methylation plays an important role in a variety of cancers including colon adenocarcinoma. Methods: We integrated and analyzed the gene expression data and clinical information of 473 patients with colon adenocarcinoma and 41 normal samples in The Cancer Genome Atlas database. The luciferase reporter gene experiment is used to detect the targeting effect between gene, miRNA and lncRNA. Real-time PCR and Proliferation assays were performed to detect the biological function of gene, miRNA and lncRNA. Results: A risk model and Nomogram that could accurately predict the survival time of patients were constructed through informatics analysis. HYOU1, AL161729.4, miR-760 are differentially expressed in COAD patients and normal samples and are significantly related to survival, and there is a targeted binding effect between the three. Conclusions: HYOU1-AL161729.4-miR-760 ceRNA regulatory network could regulate the proliferation of SW620 cells through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
Determinants of Economic Analysis of BT Cotton V/S Non-BT Cotton in Tando Allahyar Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Shar Rashid , Jiskani Absar , Qi Yin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Adoption of certified and improved high-yielding varieties is a critical strategy for farmers in developing nations to increase agricultural productivity and living circumstances. The goal of this research was to investigate the factors that influence the adoption of improved cotton varieties by small-scale farmers in Tando Allahyar area of Sindh, Pakistan. In this study, Tando Allahyar area was selected, which is the main area of cotton cultivation. With the help of specially designed questionnaires, Bt cotton and non-Bt cotton data were collected from Better cotton registered farmers through personal interviews. Data were collected by simple random sampling. Descriptive and probabilistic regression models were used for data analysis. The empirical results showed that year of age (P≤ 0.000), House hold size (P≤ 0.092), farm machinery ownership (P≤ 0.000), distance to market (P≤0.005), access to market information (P≤0.003) and ground water quality (P≤ 0.000) had significantly positive influence on adoption of Bt cotton and non-Bt cotton verities, while age (P≤ 0.053) had significantly negative effect, while farming experience (P ≤-0.000), had significantly negative effect.
Bridging the Gap: An Empirical Approach to Studying the Social Sustainability of Future Energy Systems
Authors: Schmidt-Scheele Ricarda , Hauser Wolfgang , Scheel Oliver , Minn Fabienne , Becker Lisa , Buchgeister Jens , Hottenroth Heidi , Junne Tobias , Lehr Ulrike , Naegler Tobias , Simon Sonja , Sutardhio Claudia , Tietze Ingela , Ulrich Philip , Viere Tobias , Weidlich Anke 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Given the multitude of scenarios on the future of our energy systems, multi-criteria assessments are increasingly called for to analyze and anticipate long-term effects of possible pathways with regards to their environmental, economic and social sustainability. While economic and ecologic indicators are covered through energy systems modelling and life cycle sustainability assessments, approaches to the social sustainability of future energy systems remain methodologically under-developed. Previous studies have either focused only on the social acceptance of single energy technologies or used expert-based environmental and economic indicators with social implications. Approach and results: We argue that in order to gather empirical insights on the social sustainability of future energy systems and to integrate it in multi-criteria assessments, citizens’ preferences and values need to be more systematically analyzed while informing their decisions more transparently with full life cycle data. Given the lack of theoretical underpinnings of sustainability and of empirical insights into citizens’ perceptions of sustainability with respect to future energy systems, we further argue that an explorative research design is needed. Therefore, next to six focus groups, we conducted a discrete choice experiment. The method is currently becoming more popular to analyze individuals’ preference structures for energy technologies or investments. As we show in our paper, it can be fruitfully applied to study the values and trade-offs of citizens with regards to sustainability issues. Our combined empirical methods provide two main insights with strong implications for the future development and assessment of energy pathways: While environmental and climate-related effects significantly influenced citizens’ preferences for or against certain energy pathways, total systems and production costs were of far less importance to citizens than the public discourse suggests. Conclusions: Our findings are contrary to the focus of many scenario studies that seek to optimize pathways according to total systems costs. The role of fairness and distributional justice in transition processes featured as a dominant theme in all focus groups. This adds central dimensions for future multi-criteria assessments that, so far, have been neglected by current energy systems models.
Statin in Combined With Xuezhikang Capsules Get More Lipid-Regulating Effective Than Statin Only: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chen Dongxiong , Feng Huiyan , Li Yigen , Huang Jinzhu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: To compare the lipid-regulating effects and safety of statin combined with Xuezhikang capsules and statin used alone for hyperlipidemia. Methods: CNKI, Wanfang database, VIP Chinese Journals, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library were searched to comprehensively collect and screen RCTs of Xuezhikang combined with statin compared with statin used alone for lipid modifying treatment in hyperlipidemia patients from the database built as of July 2020, and the Cochrane 5.1.0 quality evaluation form was used to evaluate the quality of the included literature and The Cochrane 5.1.0 quality assessment form was used to evaluate the quality of the included literature and bias analysis, extract basic study information, primary and secondary outcome indicators, and meta-analysis of the outcome indicators was performed using RevMan 5.3. Results: A total of 14 studies with a total of 2042 patients were included, and the quality of the included studies was low to medium. ①Effectiveness rate: OR=3.63,95%CI[2.69,4.90],P<0.00001; Funnel plot: all within the funnel, but not in accordance with the principle of "aggregation at the top and dispersion at the bottom". ②Total cholesterol: MD=-0.61,95%CI[-0.84,-0.39],P<0.00001, The forest plots of each subgroup are to the left, P<0.05. ③Triglycerides: MD=-0.30,95%CI[-0.41,-0.19],P<0.00001, The forest plots of each subgroup are to the left, P<0.05. 0.05. ④ LDL: MD=-0.33,95%CI[-0.46,-0.20],P<0.00001, The forest plots of each subgroup are to the left, P<0.05 in atorvastatin and fluvastatin groups, P=0.09 in simvastatin group. ⑤ HDL: MD=0.23, 95%CI [0.12,0.35], P<0.00001, The forest plots of each subgroup are to the right, P<0.05. 6) Adverse effects: OR=0.32, 95% CI[0.19,0.55],P<0.0001. Conclusion: The combination of statin with Xuezhikang capsule has better effect on lipid regulation in patients with hyperlipidemia, and can effectively reduce the incidence of adverse events and has better safety. It is recommended that the treatment of Xuezhikang combined with statin can be used as a safer and more effective treatment for patients with hyperlipidemia.
Non-Ketotic Hyperglycemia Induced Hemichorea-Hemiballism May Represent Glioma-Like Pattern On Multimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Can 1H Spectroscopy Help In The Differentiation?
Authors: Lin Yu , Zhang Xiaoxiao , Yue Xin , Wang Jinan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Non-ketotic hyperglycemia (NKH) induced hemichorea-hemiballismus (HC-HB) is a rare reversible condition predominantly found in elderly patients with poorly controlled diabetics. Here, we describe two cases of NKH induced HC-HB with distinctive morphological and functional changes on conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).Case presentation: In case 1 with NKH induced HC-HB, computer tomography depicted increased attenuation in the left putamen and caudate nucleus. Focal T2-hyperintensity, obvious mass effect and ring-like enhancement were revealed on conventional MRI, suggesting the imaging findings of glioma. DWI indicated the lesion with unrestricted diffusion of water molecule. MRS further illustrated markedly increased lactate (Lac) and lipids (Lip), slightly elevated choline (Cho), and slightly decreased N-acetylaspartate (NAA) within the lesion. In case 2, baseline and follow-up MRI showed a lesion with typical reversible signal intensity in the right putamen without mass effect.Conclusions: This report emphasizes that NKH induced HC-HB may exhibit a unique appearance mimicking glioma. Slightly elevated Cho/NAA ratio with marked increased Lac peak on MRS may help to exclude neoplastic diseases.