bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Normative data and standard operating procedures for static and dynamic retinal vessel analysis as biomarker for cardiovascular risk
Authors: Streese Lukas , Lona Giulia , Wagner Jonathan , Knaier Raphael , Burri Andri , Nève Gilles , Infanger Denis , Vilser Walthard , Schmidt-Trucksäss Arno , Hanssen Henner 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRetinal vessel phenotype is predictive for cardiovascular outcome. This cross-sectional population-based study aimed to quantify normative data and standard operating procedures for static and dynamic retinal vessel analysis. We analysed central retinal arteriolar (CRAE) and venular (CRVE) diameter equivalents, as well as retinal endothelial function, measured by flicker light‐induced maximal arteriolar (aFID) and venular (vFID) dilatation. Measurements were performed in 277 healthy individuals aged 20 to 82 years of the COmPLETE study. The mean range from the youngest compared to the oldest decade was 196 ± 13 to 166 ± 17 µm for CRAE, 220 ± 15 to 199 ± 16 µm for CRVE, 3.74 ± 2.17 to 3.79 ± 2.43% for aFID and 4.64 ± 1.85 to 3.86 ± 1.56% for vFID. Lower CRAE [estimate (95% CI): − 0.52 (− 0.61 to − 0.43)], CRVE [− 0.33 (− 0.43 to − 0.24)] and vFID [− 0.01 (− 0.26 to − 0.00)], but not aFID, were significantly associated with older age. Interestingly, higher blood pressure was associated with narrower CRAE [− 0.82 (− 1.00 to − 0.63)] but higher aFID [0.05 (0.03 to 0.07)]. Likewise, narrower CRAE were associated with a higher predicted aFID [− 0.02 (− 0.37 to − 0.01)]. We recommend use of defined standardized operating procedures and cardiovascular risk stratification based on normative data to allow for clinical implementation of retinal vessel analysis in a personalized medicine approach.
Similarities and differences between IL11 and IL11RA1 knockout mice for lung fibro-inflammation, fertility and craniosynostosis
Authors: Ng Benjamin , Widjaja Anissa A. , Viswanathan Sivakumar , Dong Jinrui , Chothani Sonia P. , Lim Stella , Shekeran Shamini G. , Tan Jessie , McGregor Narelle E. , Walker Emma C. , Sims Natalie A. , Schafer Sebastian , Cook Stuart A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLoss of function (LOF) in IL11RA infers IL11 signaling as important for fertility, fibrosis, inflammation and incompletely penetrant craniosynostosis. The impact of LOF in IL11 has not been characterized. We generated IL11 knockout (Il11−/−) mice that are born in expected ratios and have normal hematological profiles. Lung fibroblasts from Il11−/− mice are resistant to pro-fibrotic stimulation with TGFβ1. Following bleomycin-induced lung injury, Il11−/− mice are protected from pulmonary fibrosis and exhibit lesser ERK, STAT3 and NF-kB activation, reduced Il1b, Timp1, Ccl2 and diminished IL6 expression, both at baseline and after injury: placing Il11 activity upstream of IL6 in this model. Il11−/− female mice are infertile. Unlike Il11ra1−/− mice, Il11−/− mice do not have craniosynostosis, have normal long bone mass and reduced body weights. These data further establish the role of IL11 signaling in lung fibrosis while suggesting that bone development abnormalities can be associated with mutation of IL11RA but not IL11, which may have implications for therapeutic targeting of IL11 signaling.
FHL-1 interacts with human RPE cells through the α5β1 integrin and confers protection against oxidative stress
Authors: Choudhury Rawshan , Bayatti Nadhim , Scharff Richard , Szula Ewa , Tilakaratna Viranga , Udsen Maja Søberg , McHarg Selina , Askari Janet A. , Humphries Martin J. , Bishop Paul N. , Clark Simon J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRetinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells that underlie the neurosensory retina are essential for the maintenance of photoreceptor cells and hence vision. Interactions between the RPE and their basement membrane, i.e. the inner layer of Bruch’s membrane, are essential for RPE cell health and function, but the signals induced by Bruch’s membrane engagement, and their contributions to RPE cell fate determination remain poorly defined. Here, we studied the functional role of the soluble complement regulator and component of Bruch’s membrane, Factor H-like protein 1 (FHL-1). Human primary RPE cells adhered to FHL-1 in a manner that was eliminated by either mutagenesis of the integrin-binding RGD motif in FHL-1 or by using competing antibodies directed against the α5 and β1 integrin subunits. These short-term experiments reveal an immediate protein-integrin interaction that were obtained from primary RPE cells and replicated using the hTERT-RPE1 cell line. Separate, longer term experiments utilising RNAseq analysis of hTERT-RPE1 cells bound to FHL-1, showed an increased expression of the heat-shock protein genesHSPA6,CRYAB,HSPA1AandHSPA1Bwhen compared to cells bound to fibronectin (FN) or laminin (LA). Pathway analysis implicated changes in EIF2 signalling, the unfolded protein response, and mineralocorticoid receptor signalling as putative pathways. Subsequent cell survival assays using H2O2to induce oxidative stress-induced cell death suggest hTERT-RPE1 cells had significantly greater protection when bound to FHL-1 or LA compared to plastic or FN. These data show a non-canonical role of FHL-1 in protecting RPE cells against oxidative stress and identifies a novel interaction that has implications for ocular diseases such as age-related macular degeneration.
A retrospective analysis of malaria epidemiological characteristics in Yingjiang County on the China–Myanmar border
Authors: Huang Fang , Li Shi-Gang , Tian Peng , Guo Xiang-Rui , Xia Zhi-Gui , Zhou Shui-Sen , Zhou Hong-Ning , Zhou Xiao-Nong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractYingjiang County, which is on the China–Myanmar border, is the main focus for malaria elimination in China. The epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Yingjiang County were analysed in a retrospective analysis. A total of 895 malaria cases were reported in Yingjiang County between 2013 and 2019. The majority of cases occurred in males (70.7%) and individuals aged 19–59 years (77.3%). Plasmodium vivax was the predominant species (96.6%). The number of indigenous cases decreased gradually and since 2017, no indigenous cases have been reported. Malaria cases were mainly distributed in the southern and southwestern areas of the county; 55.6% of the indigenous cases were reported in Nabang Township, which also had the highest risk of imported malaria. The “1–3–7” approach has been implemented effectively, with 100% of cases reported within 24 h, 88.9% cases investigated and confirmed within 3 days and 98.5% of foci responded to within 7 days. Although malaria elimination has been achieved in Yingjiang County, sustaining elimination and preventing the re-establishment of malaria require the continued strengthening of case detection, surveillance and response systems targeting the migrant population in border areas.
Identification and characterization of a novel ELN mutation in congenital heart disease with pulmonary artery stenosis
Authors: Hou Cuilan , Zheng Junmin , liu Wei , Xie Lijian , Sun Xiaomin , Zhang Yongwei , Xu Meng , Li Yun , Xiao Tingting 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCongenital heart defects, one of the most common birth defects, affect approximately 1% of live birth globally and remain the leading cause of infant mortality in developed countries. Utilizing the pathogenicity score and inheritance mode from whole exome sequencing results, a heterozygous mutation (NM_001278939.1: c.1939G>T, p.Gly647Ter) in elastin (ELN) was identified among 6,440 variants in a female proband born with an atrial septal defect accompanied by pulmonary artery stenosis. Results of RT-PCR showed that the mutation (NM_001278939.1: c.1939G>T, p.Gly647Ter) did not affect the expression levels ofELNmRNA but increased protein level. The content ofELNtruncate (functional component) was significantly lower in both the intracellular and extracellular compartments after mutation. These results indicate that theELNmutation (NM_001278939.1: c.1939G>T, p.Gly647Ter) affected the protein truncate, which may be a functional component ofELNand play crucial roles for this pedigree. Here we report of anELNheterozygous variant associated with congenital heart disease accompanied with pulmonary artery stenosis, which is less common. Based on our results, we speculate that this may be the main molecular mechanism underlying the mutation-led functional changes, and propose that the decrease ofELNprotein level may cause this pedigree vascular abnormality, especially pulmonary artery stenosis, and reinforce the view thatELNinsufficiency is the primary cause of these vascular lesions. This may be the main molecular mechanism underlying the mutation-led functional changes. Thus, systematic analysis not only enables us to better understand the etiology of this disease but also contributes to clinical and prenatal diagnosis.
Integrative analysis of key candidate genes and signaling pathways in acute coronary syndrome related to obstructive sleep apnea by bioinformatics
Authors: Shi Yanxi , Jiang Zhengye , Jiang Liqin , Xu Jianjiang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAlthough obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been clinically reported to be associated with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), the pathogenesis between the two is unclear. Herein, we analyzed and screened out the prospective molecular marker. To explore the candidate genes, as well as signaling cascades involved in ACS related to OSA, we extracted the integrated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the intersection of genes from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) cohorts and text mining, followed by enrichment of the matching cell signal cascade through DAVID analysis. Moreover, the MCODE of Cytoscape software was employed to uncover the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and the matching hub gene. A total of 17 and 56 integrated human DEGs in unstable angina (UA) and myocardial infarction (MI) group associated with OSAs that met the criteria of |log2 fold change (FC)|≥ 1, adjusted P < 0.05, respectively, were uncovered. After PPI network construction, the top five hub genes associated with UA were extracted, including APP, MAPK3, MMP9, CD40 and CD40LG, whereas those associated with MI were PPARG, MAPK1, MMP9, AGT, and TGFB1. The establishment of the aforementioned candidate key genes, as well as the enriched signaling cascades, provides promising molecular marker for OSA-related ACS, which will to provide a certain predictive value for the occurrence of ACS in OSA patients in the future.
Full-Endoscopic Lumbar Decompression with Minimal Nerve Root Retraction for Impending Neurologic Deficit in Degenerative Lumbar Spine Diseases
Authors: Kim Hyeun Sung , Raorane Harshavardhan Dilip , Choi Il , Wu Pang Hung , Yang Kyung Hoon , Yi Yeon Jin , Jang Il Tae 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objectives The aim of this retrospective case study was to analyze the outcomes of minimal nerve root retraction in patients with impending neurologic deficit in degenerative lumbar spine disease using the full-endoscopic spine surgery.
Materials and Methods Thirty-seven consecutive patients with impending neurologic deficit underwent endoscopic spine surgery through either the transforaminal or the interlaminar approach. Their clinical outcomes were evaluated with visual analog scale (VAS) leg pain score, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and MacNab's criteria. The outcome of motor deficitis was evaluated with the Medical Research Council (MRC) grade. Completeness of decompression was documented with a postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scan.
Results A total of 40 lumbar levels of 37 patients were operated, VAS score of the leg improved from 7.7 ± 1 to 1.9 ± 0.6 (p < 0.0001). ODI score improved from 74.7 ± 6.5 to 25.4 ± 3.49 (p < 0.0001). Motor weakness improved significantly immediately after surgery. The mean MRC grade increased to 1.97, 3.65, 4.41, and 4.76 preoperatively, at 1 week, at 3 months, and at the final follow-up, respectively, and all the patients with foot drop and cauda equina syndrome symptom recovered completely. One patient with great toe drop recovered partially to MRC grade 3. Mean follow-up of the study was 13.3 ± 6.1 months. According to MacNab's criteria, 30 patients (80.1%) had good and 7 patients (18.9%) had excellent results. Three patients required revision surgery.
Conclusions Minimal nerve root retraction during full-endoscopic spine surgery is safe and effective for treatment of the impending neurologic deficit. We could achieve a thorough decompression of the affected nerve root with acceptable clinical outcome and minimal postoperative morbidity.
III International scientific and practical conference “Actual problems of the energy complex: mining, production, transmission, processing and environmental protection” (APEC 2021)
Authors: Gibadullin Arthur 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Within the framework of the presented material, the results of the conducted III International scientific and practical conference «Actual problems of the energy complex: mining, production, transmission, processing and environmental protection» (APEC 2021).
The use of PWM in parametric models of induction heaters
Authors: Kinev E S , Tyapin A A , Panteleev V I , Efimov S N , Molokov V V 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The article investigates the possibility of using pulse-width control of parametric models of induction heaters, shows the models of pulse-controlled resistive elements and the results of simulation of their transient modes. A feature of the proposed circuit solutions is the use in macromodels of ideal keys controlled by the mode parameters of the circuit. In the environment of a circuit simulator, virtual PWM models are constructed that are suitable for use, both in the transient and in the steady state. The non-reactive nature of the modules ensures the accuracy and speed of the device in a wide frequency range, while observing the conflict-free behavior of the computing core with a variable iteration step. The modes of the device models are investigated in the time domain, the characteristics of the dynamics of control and controlled parameters are shown. The advantages and disadvantages of PWM control of parametric models are noted.
Influence of deposits on rotor impellers of a centrifugal blower of a gas-pumping unit on static imbalance
Authors: Velichko E I , Stepanov M S , Bunyakin A V 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Compressor station equipment undergoes a sensitive adjustment process before commissioning. One of its most important tasks is balancing the blower rotor, as a result of which the forces acting in the system are balanced. Unbalance is the imbalance of the rotor, leading to the occurrence of forces and moments that cause vibration, both of the rotor itself and of the entire machine as a whole. Currently, there is no absolutely effective method for gas purification, which negatively affects the flow path of the equipment. This is especially true for gas pumping units that compress associated petroleum gas, as well as for GPUs operating in underground gas storage facilities and used in cases where the pressure of the sampled gas is lower than the pressure in the pipeline and must be raised. All this contributes to the emergence of an imbalance in the system. The work mathematically simulates the effect of deposits on the static balance of the rotor of a centrifugal blower.
The Analysis of Network Models for the Design of Industrial and Fire Safety Systems for Oil Refineries
Authors: Petrov A E , Fedorov A V , Kochegarov A V , Lomaev E N , Preobrazhenskiy A P 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTensor network models represent the processes and structure of complex systems, including dangerous technological objects of oil refineries. Complex systems tensor method research based on duality invariance. It is the sum constancy of the metric tensors dual networks whenever there is a change in structure. Dual subspaces closed and unclosed paths are responses to external and internal influences, which do not depend on each other. As an example of a network model is considered the atmospheric column oil-refining plant, which is used to organize the work of training stand. Thermal energy flows are presented in a mesh network, and massive flows of mechanical energy - in a junction network. The amount of mechanical and thermal energy flows allows you to determine the load on the nodes of the unit. The results are applied to predict dangerous situations on refining facilities to assess changes in restructuring processes and the risk of accidents. Calculations, such as heat and mass flow change if you change the control actions, disable installation elements and assess change critical settings.
Influence of technological parameters of the Volga oil shale on the efficiency of heat release during combustion
Authors: Eskin A A , Korolev E A , Barieva E R , Korolev A E , Khuzin I A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Volga oil shale in the Middle Volga region is a promising energy raw material for regional factories. Their heat of combustion varies from 1.6 to 9.0 MJ/kg, averaging 4.2-4.5 MJ/kg. The low calorific value of the fuel can be compensated by the proximity of the consumption sources and the cheapness of supplies. Oil shale is a high-ash energy feedstock with high sulfur content. The share of the organic component (kerogen) is 15-25%. During the combustion of oil shale, kerogen undergoes a multistage transformation due to the reactions of organic molecules hydrogenization. Experimental modeling has shown that the heat of combustion of the Volga oil shale is determined not only by their composition, but also by the organization of the combustion process. When burning lump shale, the heat release from rocks is 15-20% less than similar fuel in the form of fine dust. When using the technology of coal-water combustion (in the form of suspensions), the heat release of rocks is reduced in comparison with the combustion of dry finely dispersed oil shale by 10%. Although it remains higher, compared to the heat release during combustion of lump oil shale using boiling bed technology.
Algorithm for estimating the flow rate of an oil producing well based on dynamometer data
Authors: Tagirova K F , Vulfin A M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The paper proposes an algorithm for determining the flow rate of an oil producing well based on dynamometer data. The dynamogram is presented as a two-dimensional image processed using a convolutional neural network that solves the problem of nonlinear regression between the dynamogram image and the flow rate value. The structure of the dynamometer data collection and processing system is presented, the main steps of the data analysis algorithm are described. The resulting model makes it possible to estimate the production rate with an error in the range of 15-20%.
Improving the efficiency of pumping equipment at the gold mining companies of the Far North
Authors: Ovchinnikov N P , Yu Krasnoshtanov S 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Practice shows that in the conditions of gold mining enterprises in Yakutia, the MTBF of double-acting pumps is relatively small and can be no more than 100 motor hours. Emergency downtime caused by the repair of pumping equipment is highly undesirable, since they negatively affect the safety of mining operations, as well as the technical and economic performance of the gold mining enterprise. The purpose of this research work is to establish the reasons for the low operational reliability of double-acting pumps during open development of gold-bearing deposits in Yakutia, as well as to establish the most optimal technical solution to improve the efficiency of pumping equipment under specified operating conditions.
Calculation of damage caused to agricultural areas as a result of placement of oil production facilities
Authors: Zhichkin K A , Nosov V V , Zhichkina L N , Sterlikov F F , Abramov Y V 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The article deals with the problem of inappropriate use of agricultural land and the determination of the amount of damage. The purpose of the study is to improve the methodology for calculating the amount of damage from improper use of agricultural land. Objectives: - to determine the amount of misuse of land in 2015-2019 in the conditions of the Samara region; - to analyze the dependence of the amount of damage on the territorial location; - to formulate the features of the methodology for calculating losses at the levels of “enterprise” and “municipal district-region”. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the size of the non-target occupation is constantly increasing. The objects location on the region territory does not depend on the agricultural land profitability, since agricultural production is less competitive in comparison with the extractive industries. When determining the losses size, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of their formation in time, which directly depends on the type of damage sources. The damage amount was constantly growing, which is associated with the expansion of the mining enterprises activities. If in 2015 - 50 wells for various purposes were built, then in 2019 - 236.
CO2 corrosion behavior of high-strength martensitic steel for marine riser exposed to CO2-saturated salt solution
Authors: Zhang Dazheng , Gao Xiuhua , Li Weijuan , Li Boyong , Guo Jing , Zhang Junkai , Pang Qihang , Xu Zhen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
CO2 corrosion is an inevitable problem of marine riser steel for oil and gas transportation. In the following work, the corrosion behavior was revealed in terms of microstructure characterization, corrosion kinetic curves, morphology and phase composition analysis of corrosion products, distribution characteristics of elements in corrosion products and electrochemical corrosion behavior. The results showed that FeCO3 crystals gradually evolved from dispersed clusters to complete FeCO3 layers with the extension of exposure time, which improved the protection ability of the corrosion product layer to the substrate. With the prolongation of corrosion time, the protective effect of the corrosion product layer on the substrate was gradually enhanced. The self-corrosion potential moved to the positive direction and the self-corrosion current density decreased. As a result, the corrosion rate gradually decreased and tended to be stable. The increase of corrosion-resistant elements content made the self-corrosion current density significantly decreased. The high content of corrosion-resistant elements effectively hindered the contact of corrosive ions with the substrate and inhibited the electrochemical corrosion reaction.