bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical and mechanical properties of impregnated polystyrene jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba) glulam
Authors: Hadi Y S , Herliyana E N , Sulastiningsih I M , Basri E , Pari R , Abdillah I B 
Published: December 2021

AbstractJabon (Anthocephalus cadamba) laminas were impregnated with polystyrene and reached 21.2% polymer loading. The laminas were manufactured for three-layer glued laminated timber (glulam) using isocyanate glue with glue spread 280 g/m2and cold-press process. For comparison purposes, untreated glulam as control and also solid wood were prepared. The physical-mechanical properties were evaluated according to the Japanese Agricultural Standard (JAS) 234-2003. The results showed that the color of glulam was not different from polystyrene glulam. The density of polystyrene glulam was higher than untreated glulam and solid wood, but the moisture content was lower than the other. The product kinds of solid wood, untreated glulam, and polystyrene glulam did not affect shear strength and modulus of rupture (MOR), while the modulus of elasticity (MOE) of untreated glulam and hardness of polystyrene glulam were the highest values and the other products were not different one each other. Both kinds of glulam fulfilled the Japanese standard in terms of moisture content, MOR, and delamination in hot water, but MOE and shear strength did not. Regarding its advantages, polystyrene glulam could be further developed using a higher wood density.
2000 Uglegorsk earthquake
Authors: Polets A Yu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The paper presents the results of waveform inversion of the Mw 6.8 August 4 (5), 2000 Uglegorsk earthquake (Sakhalin Island, Russia). The detailed rupture process of the 2000 Uglegorsk earthquake was simulated using the waveform inversion method. The average parameters were calculated for both nodal planes. Waveform inversion was carried out on the basis of Global Seismographic Network (GSN) data. Only P-waves from BHZ channels of all stations from the GSN were used. The simulated source parameters included a double-couple source, the scalar seismic moment, the source time function, and the slip directions. The performed studies made it possible to investigate the features of the rupture development and the amplitude of displacements along the east and west-dipping nodal planes of the August 4 (5), 2000 Uglegorsk earthquake. The obtained P-slip model for the 2000 Uglegorsk earthquake source area is in good agreement with the surface manifestations of the rupture according to the field geology data and the results of geodetic inversion.
Types of strong earthquake precursor behavior obtained from world and regional catalogs of earthquakes
Authors: Rodkin M V , Andreeva M Yu , Liperovskaya E V 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTypical features of seismicity inherent to the period prior to the strong earthquake occurrence are examined using the regional and world-wide earthquake catalogs by the method of construction of the Generalized vicinity of a large earthquake (GVLE). These features are foreshock power-law cascade, the weak long-term background increase in seismic activity, and the definite clustering of the main events. Worth to note, that all these features appear to indicate the loss of a stability of a system, without any reference to the physical mechanism of development of the instability. Thus, these features are expected to occur in connection with the bifurcation points in systems of other physical nature, examples of such behavior are given. Besides, a tendency of a decrease in earthquakes depth in the close GVLE vicinity was found. This precursor feature has a specific character and evidences in favor of a fluid involvement in the mechanism of earthquake occurrence.
Geomechanical parameters of sedimentary rocks of Southern Sakhalin
Authors: Kamenev P A , Bogomolov L M , Usoltseva O M , Tsoi P A , Semenov V N 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The samples of terrigenous rocks of the Sakhalin were selected for geomechanical studies: the rocks of the Nevelskaya and Kholmskaya Formations from the Petropavlovsk quarry; ones of the Kholmskaya Formation on the west coast of the south of Sakhalin, rocks of the Junonskaya Formation on the east coast. The Kholmskaya Formation N1hl is represented by siltstones and interlayers of fine-grained sandstone. The Nevelskaya Formation N1nv is represented by siltstones with inclusions of tufogenic material. The Junonskaya Formation T2-Jun is represented by variegated greyish-green jaspers. Their static and dynamic parameters (strength limits, static Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio, cohesion and angle of internal friction) were determined. The obtained results are characterized by a significant spread of values, which is likely explained by the significant fracturing of the initial samples and the effect of anisotropy.
Mud volcanism as a dangerous phenomenon for oil and gas facilities
Authors: Ustyugov G V , Ershov V V 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe research dwells on the danger of mud volcanism for human economic activity, namely, oil and gas production. We performed quantitative assessment of mud volcanoes activities, using Azerbaijan and Kerch-Taman region as examples. Average annual number of mud volcanoes eruptions is 3–4 for Azerbaijan and 1–2 for Kerch-Taman region. We estimate the catalogues of mud volcanic eruptions for those areas to be 52 % and 39 % complete, respectively. Mud volcanoes eruptions are quite frequent. In both regions, over 50 % of all recorded eruptions occur within ten years of the latest eruption. Analysis of mud volcanic eruptions catalogues shows that the volume of breccia ejected during an eruption is practically not related to how long the mud volcano was quiescent. Analysis of potential impact of seismicity on mud volcanic activity shows that the probability of mud volcanoes responding to an earthquake is 6 % and 10 % for Azerbaijan and Kerch-Taman region, respectively.
The role of anthropogenic factors in forest transformation in Southern Sakhalin
Authors: Sabirov R N 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The article analyzes the forests changes in the south part of Sakhalin Island from the original, natural state as a result of its habitation and economic development. The most essential disturbances of forest cover occurred in the first half of the last century when 9 pulp-and-paper mills were built by Japanese in southern island. All acceptable and more productive dark coniferous forests for providing these mills were cut down. Moreover, significant share of the forests was destroyed because of repeated and large-scale fires, creating agricultural lands and habitable territories, construction of roads, power lines, oil-and-gas pipelines, etc. The most considerable forests transformation was on the territory of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, and also in Korsakovsky, Dolinsky, Anivsky, Kholmsky and Nevelsky districts.
Secondary phloem traits in mature stems of Betula ermanii in stressful environments of volcanic activity
Authors: Talskikh A I , Kopanina A V , Vlasova I I 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This research summarizes the results of study of structural peculiarities of Betula ermanii growing around Baransky Volcano close to the thermal Golubye Ozera. We have performed statistical analysis of parameters of the secondary phloem of multiyear shoots and stems and found some features tied to extreme environmental conditions. We have found that structural reaction of the secondary phloem of multiyear shoots and stems of B. ermanii to the extreme conditions of post-volcanic activity of Baransky Volcano manifests itself as changes in the geometry of the conductive elements and dilatation of the radial parenchyma in the non-conductive phloem. We believe these changes to be adaptive in nature due to the need for increased conductivity in volcanic landscapes.
Pivotal role of magnetic ordering and strain in lattice thermal conductivity of chromium-trihalide monolayers
Authors: Pandey T , Peeters F M , Milošević M V 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Understanding the coupling between spin and phonons is critical for controlling the lattice thermal conductivity (κ

l
) in magnetic materials, as we demonstrate here for CrX3 (X = Br and I) monolayers. We show that these compounds exhibit large spin-phonon coupling (SPC), dominated by out-of-plane vibrations of Cr atoms, resulting in significantly different phonon dispersions in ferromagnetic (FM) and paramagnetic (PM) phases. Lattice thermal conductivity calculations provide additional evidence for strong SPC, where particularly large κ

l
is found for the FM phase. Most strikingly, PM and FM phases exhibit radically different behavior with tensile strain, where κ

l
increases with strain for the PM phase, and strongly decreases for the FM phase—as we explain through analysis of phonon lifetimes and scattering rates. Taken all together, we uncover the high significance of SPC on the phonon transport in CrX3 monolayers, a result extendable to other 2D magnetic materials, that will be useful in further design of thermal spin devices.
Anomalous transport driven by ion temperature gradient instability in an anisotropic deuterium-tritium plasma
Authors: ZHANG Debing , YU Limin , XUE Erbing , ZHANG Xianmei , REN Haijun 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this work, the anomalous transport driven by the ion temperature gradient instability is investigated in an anisotropic deuterium-tritium (D-T) plasma. The anisotropic factor α, defined as the ratio of perpendicular temperature to parallel temperature, is introduced to describe the temperature anisotropy in the equilibrium distribution function. The linear dispersion relation in local kinetic limit is derived, and then numerically evaluated to study the dependence of mode frequency on the anisotropic factor α of D and the fraction of T particle ε
T by choosing three sets of typical parameters, denoted as the cyclone base case, ITER and CFETR cases. Based on the linear results, the mixing length model approximation is adopted to analyze the quasi-linear particle and energy fluxes for D and T. It is found that choosing small α and large ε
T is beneficial for the confinement of particle and energy for D and T. This work may be helpful for the estimation of turbulent transport level in the ITER and CFETR devices.
Agriculture is the primary driver of tree cover loss across the Forestière region of the Republic of Guinea, Africa
Authors: Fitzgerald Maegan , Nackoney Janet , Potapov Peter , Turubanova Svetlana 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Biodiversity hotspots are conservation priority areas that feature exceptionally high levels of species endemism and high levels of habitat loss. The Guinean Forests of West Africa hotspot, home to a quarter of all the mammal species of Africa, has experienced high levels of forest loss within its protected areas. Here, we analyzed tree cover loss and its proximate drivers within Guinée Forestière, a high biodiversity region within the Guinean Forests of West Africa hotspot, both inside and outside protected areas. Using Landsat analysis ready data and a regionally calibrated, annual forest change detection model, we mapped tree cover loss occurring across this region from 2000 to 2018. We quantified the area of tree cover loss and identified proximate drivers using a statistical sample of reference data. The total tree cover loss in Guinée Forestière between years 2000 and 2018 was 10,907 km2 (SE 889 km2), which consists of approximately 25% of the region’s total land area. Of this total loss, 364 km2 (SE 91 km2) occurred within protected areas of high biodiversity value. Tree cover loss was not consistent across high biodiversity areas and did not appear to be related to protected area classification. Smallholder agriculture (subsistence and cash crop farming) was the primary driver of tree cover loss across Guinée Forestière. This research provides multitemporal spatial data on tree cover dynamics that is required for effective implementation of sustainable management and biodiversity conservation strategies within the broader socioecological landscape of Guinée Forestière. We also highlight important limitations to consider and address when using remote sensing to automate change detection across landscapes.
Polymer additive engineering of K2CuBr3 nanocrystalline films to achieve efficient and stable deep-blue emission
Authors: Ji Xinzhen , Ma Zhuangzhuang , Chen Xu , Wu Di , Tian Yongtao , Li Xinjian , Shi Zhifeng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Recently, non-toxic alternatives to lead-halide perovskites have been greatly sought after in optoelectronics applications. Deep-blue luminescent material is mainly required for fabricating white light source and expanding the color gamut of full-color displays. However, the synthesis of high-performance lead-free perovskite films with efficient blue emission is still a critical challenge currently, limiting their further practical applications. Here, a novel strategy is reported to prepare non-toxic and deep-blue-emitting K2CuBr3 nanocrystalline films by introducing polymer poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) additives into the anti-solvent. It is found that the PMMA additives could effectively reduce the grain size and improve the crystallinity of K2CuBr3 films, resulting in an enhanced radiative recombination by defect passivation and confinement of excitons in the nanograins. As a result, the PMMA-treated K2CuBr3 films achieve a bright deep-blue light with color coordinates at (0.155, 0.042), and the photoluminescence quantum yield obtained is about 3.3 times that of the pristine sample. Moreover, the treated K2CuBr3 films exhibit a substantially enhanced stability under harsh environmental conditions, maintaining >70% of their initial performances in high humidity environment (50%–70% humidity, 190 h) or under uninterrupted ultraviolet light radiation (254 nm, 3.4 mW cm−2, 150 h). These findings pave a promising strategy for achieving efficient and stable deep-blue metal halide films, showing their potential applications in optoelectronic devices.
Comprehensive evaluation of noise reduction methods for single-cell RNA sequencing data
Authors: Chu Shih-Kai , Zhao Shilin , Shyr Yu , Liu Qi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNormalization and batch correction are critical steps in processing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data, which remove technical effects and systematic biases to unmask biological signals of interest. Although a number of computational methods have been developed, there is no guidance for choosing appropriate procedures in different scenarios. In this study, we assessed the performance of 28 scRNA-seq noise reduction procedures in 55 scenarios using simulated and real datasets. The scenarios accounted for multiple biological and technical factors that greatly affect the denoising performance, including relative magnitude of batch effects, the extent of cell population imbalance, the complexity of cell group structures, the proportion and the similarity of nonoverlapping cell populations, dropout rates and variable library sizes. We used multiple quantitative metrics and visualization of low-dimensional cell embeddings to evaluate the performance on batch mixing while preserving the original cell group and gene structures. Based on our results, we specified technical or biological factors affecting the performance of each method and recommended proper methods in different scenarios. In addition, we highlighted one challenging scenario where most methods failed and resulted in overcorrection. Our studies not only provided a comprehensive guideline for selecting suitable noise reduction procedures but also pointed out unsolved issues in the field, especially the urgent need of developing metrics for assessing batch correction on imperceptible cell-type mixing.
A robust and scalable graph neural network for accurate single-cell classification
Authors: Zeng Yuansong , Wei Zhuoyi , Pan Zixiang , Lu Yutong , Yang Yuedong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSingle-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) techniques provide high-resolution data on cellular heterogeneity in diverse tissues, and a critical step for the data analysis is cell type identification. Traditional methods usually cluster the cells and manually identify cell clusters through marker genes, which is time-consuming and subjective. With the launch of several large-scale single-cell projects, millions of sequenced cells have been annotated and it is promising to transfer labels from the annotated datasets to newly generated datasets. One powerful way for the transferring is to learn cell relations through the graph neural network (GNN), but traditional GNNs are difficult to process millions of cells due to the expensive costs of the message-passing procedure at each training epoch. Here, we have developed a robust and scalable GNN-based method for accurate single-cell classification (GraphCS), where the graph is constructed to connect similar cells within and between labelled and unlabeled scRNA-seq datasets for propagation of shared information. To overcome the slow information propagation of GNN at each training epoch, the diffused information is pre-calculated via the approximate Generalized PageRank algorithm, enabling sublinear complexity over cell numbers. Compared with existing methods, GraphCS demonstrates better performance on simulated, cross-platform, cross-species and cross-omics scRNA-seq datasets. More importantly, our model provides a high speed and scalability on large datasets, and can achieve superior performance for 1 million cells within 50 min.
MiRNA–disease association prediction based on meta-paths
Authors: Yu Liang , Zheng Yujia , Gao Lin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Since miRNAs can participate in the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression, they may provide ideas for the development of new drugs or become new biomarkers for drug targets or disease diagnosis. In this work, we propose an miRNA–disease association prediction method based on meta-paths (MDPBMP). First, an miRNA–disease–gene heterogeneous information network was constructed, and seven symmetrical meta-paths were defined according to different semantics. After constructing the initial feature vector for the node, the vector information carried by all nodes on the meta-path instance is extracted and aggregated to update the feature vector of the starting node. Then, the vector information obtained by the nodes on different meta-paths is aggregated. Finally, miRNA and disease embedding feature vectors are used to calculate their associated scores. Compared with the other methods, MDPBMP obtained the highest AUC value of 0.9214. Among the top 50 predicted miRNAs for lung neoplasms, esophageal neoplasms, colon neoplasms and breast neoplasms, 49, 48, 49 and 50 have been verified. Furthermore, for breast neoplasms, we deleted all the known associations between breast neoplasms and miRNAs from the training set. These results also show that for new diseases without known related miRNA information, our model can predict their potential miRNAs. Code and data are available at https://github.com/LiangYu-Xidian/MDPBMP.
Shaking things up: the unique feeding behaviour of western banded geckos when consuming scorpions
Authors: Whitford Malachi D , Freymiller Grace A , Higham Timothy E , Clark Rulon W 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPredators that feed on dangerous prey species must evolve mechanisms to reduce the likelihood of injury or death during a predation attempt. Scorpions are prime examples of dangerous prey items for insectivores, because they can inflict a venomous and potentially fatal sting when attacked. Despite this risk, the western banded gecko (Coleonyx variegatus), a generalist insectivore, occasionally preys on dune scorpions (Smeringurus mesaensis). We use high-speed videography to examine the modulation of prey capture biomechanics in relationship to prey type. The capture of undefended evasive (cricket) and non-evasive (worms) prey follows previous studies of lizard attack kinematics. However, we have discovered a unique shake-feeding behaviour used by western banded geckos when feeding on scorpions, whereby the gecko bites the scorpion, then performs very rapid side-to-side shaking with its head and body. Given the speed and violence of shake-feeding, we suggest that geckos shake the scorpion to cause mass trauma and subsequent immobility or, potentially, to break the stinger and render the scorpion harmless. This behaviour might be widespread among geckos that feed on these dangerous prey species.
Spatially resolved neural slowing predicts impairment and amyloid burden in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Wiesman Alex I , Murman Daniel L , Losh Rebecca A , Schantell Mikki , Christopher-Hayes Nicholas J , Johnson Hallie J , Willett Madelyn P , Wolfson Sara L , Losh Kathryn L , Johnson Craig M , May Pamela E , Wilson Tony W 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAn extensive electrophysiological literature has proposed a pathological ‘slowing’ of neuronal activity in patients on the Alzheimer’s disease spectrum. Supported by numerous studies reporting increases in low-frequency and decreases in high-frequency neural oscillations, this pattern has been suggested as a stable biomarker with potential clinical utility. However, no spatially resolved metric of such slowing exists, stymieing efforts to understand its relation to proteinopathy and clinical outcomes. Further, the assumption that this slowing is occurring in spatially overlapping populations of neurons has not been empirically validated.In the current study, we collected cross-sectional resting state measures of neuronal activity using magnetoencephalography from 38 biomarker-confirmed patients on the Alzheimer’s disease spectrum and 20 cognitively normal biomarker-negative older adults. From these data, we compute and validate a new metric of spatially resolved oscillatory deviations from healthy ageing for each patient on the Alzheimer’s disease spectrum.Using this Pathological Oscillatory Slowing Index, we show that patients on the Alzheimer’s disease spectrum exhibit robust neuronal slowing across a network of temporal, parietal, cerebellar and prefrontal cortices. This slowing effect is shown to be directly relevant to clinical outcomes, as oscillatory slowing in temporal and parietal cortices significantly predicted both general (i.e. Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores) and domain-specific (i.e. attention, language and processing speed) cognitive function. Further, regional amyloid-β accumulation, as measured by quantitative 18F florbetapir PET, robustly predicted the magnitude of this pathological neural slowing effect, and the strength of this relationship between amyloid-β burden and neural slowing also predicted attentional impairments across patients.These findings provide empirical support for a spatially overlapping effect of oscillatory neural slowing in biomarker-confirmed patients on the Alzheimer’s disease spectrum, and link this effect to both regional proteinopathy and cognitive outcomes in a spatially resolved manner. The Pathological Oscillatory Slowing Index also represents a novel metric that is of potentially high utility across a number of clinical neuroimaging applications, as oscillatory slowing has also been extensively documented in other patient populations, most notably Parkinson’s disease, with divergent spectral and spatial features.