bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radioprotective Role of Natural Polyphenols: From Sources to Mechanisms
Authors: Hussain Syed M. , Adnan Muhammad , Rasul Azhar , Shah Muhammad A. , Hussain Ghulam , Asrar Muhammad , Riaz Ammara , Sarfraz Iqra , Hussain Arif , Khorsandi Khatereh , Lai Ngit S. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract:The identification and development of radioprotective agents have emerged as a subject matter of research during recent years due to the growing usage of ionizing radiation in different areas of human life. Previous work on synthetic radioprotectors has achieved limited progress because of the numerous issues associated with toxicity. Compounds extracted from plants have the potential to serve as lead candidates for developing ideal radioprotectors due to their low cost, safety, and selectivity. Polyphenols are the most abundant and commonly dispersed group of biologically active molecules possessing a broad range of pharmacological activities. Polyphenols have displayed efficacy for radioprotection during various investigations and can be administered at high doses with lesser toxicity. Detoxification of free radicals, modulating inflammatory responses, DNA repair, stimulation of hematopoietic recovery, and immune functions are the main mechanisms for radiation protection with polyphenols. Epicatechin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, apigenin, caffeic acid phenylethylester, and silibinin provide cytoprotection together with the suppression of many pro-inflammatory cytokines owing to their free radical scavenging, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin, gallic acid, and rutin's radioprotective properties are regulated primarily by the direct or indirect decline in cellular stress. Thus, polyphenols may serve as potential candidates for radioprotection in the near future; however, extensive investigations are still required to better understand their protection mechanisms.
Clinical Translation of Anti-aging Associated Genetics: Current Progress and Challenges
Authors: Wang Yi 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Currently, the focus of anti-aging research has been changed from geriatrics
to biogerontology. This has taken anti-aging strategies from cost-effective but palliative therapeutics
to active, molecular approaches.

Outline:
Over the years, a large body of basic gerontological research has indicated that the process
of biological aging is closely associated with genetic factors. This leads to the development of
various gene therapies such as RNA interference technology and results in a subsequent need for
translating laboratory achievements into clinical applications. The translation has been a tremendous
challenge at this stage with respect to the practicality, safety, and effectiveness of the genetic
manipulation techniques.

Objective:
This review summarizes the current development of anti-aging strategies and the progress
in the translation of laboratory achievements into clinical applications, highlights challenges
encountered, and provides a prospective outlook for future anti-aging research.
Cultural Practices Regarding the Management of Infant Colic by Women in Limpopo Province, South Africa
Authors: Bele Aluwani A. , Shilubane Hilda N. , Lowane Mygirl P. , Nkhwashu Enneth T. 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Infant colic is a self-limiting condition reported in the past decade. It is a syndrome distinguished by uncontrollable crying in a healthy baby and begins in the early weeks of life and settles around six months. This study aimed to explore the understanding of infant colic and the cultural practices regarding its management by women in a particular village of Limpopo province in South Africa.

Methods:
A qualitative phenomenological, exploratory and descriptive design was used to explore cultural practices regarding the management of infant colic by women at the particular village of Vhembe District, Limpopo province. Participants were selected based on their availability or accessibility for study purpose. Data was collected through unstructured interview, observational notes and field notes from 16 participants. The central question was: “What is your understanding of infant colic, and how do you manage it?” Tesch’s eight steps of open-coding was used to analyse data. Ethical clearance to conduct the study was obtained from the University of Venda Research Ethics Committee. The local authorities permitted interaction with the participants in the villages. The trustworthiness of the study was ensured through credibility, dependability, transferability and confirmability.

Results:
The misconceptions about infant colic, use of self-medication, cultural norms, taking the baby to the traditional and religious practitioners emerged during the analysis.

Conclusion:
The traditional approach to managing infant colic not be ignored because their forefathers discovered the formula, and it must be included and respected by citizens in the country.
Biodegradation Study of Potato Starch-Based Bioplastic
Authors: Kundu Rajen , Payal Priyanka 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Plastics are indispensable for our society. The extensive use of petroleumbased
plastic and dumping of the same in soil and water body greatly affects our environment and
biodiversity. However, biodegradable plastics can reduce the volume of waste in packaging
materials. Therefore, biomass-derived polymers are promising alternatives to the petroleum-based
non-degradable polymer to address the environmental issues.

Objective:
A large number of reports on the synthesis and characterization of starch-based
bioplastic are available in the literature. However, a detailed biodegradation study of the starchbased
bioplastic is rarely reported. We have prepared potato starch-based bioplastic with the
combination of various plasticizers (glycerol, sorbitol, and xylitol) through hydrogel formation and
carried out their biodegradation study.

Method:
Present study investigated the biodegradation of potato starch-based bioplastic in the
natural environment, in cultured bacteria, and with fungal α-amylase.

Results:
Starch-based plastic is completely degraded in the natural environment within two
months. Bacteria culture in solid media resulted in various types of bacterial colonies. Among the
various bacterial colonies, the white circular colony was the major bacteria that degrade starchbased
plastic. Furthermore, we screened the starch-based plastic degrading bacteria and isolated the
pure culture through the streak plate method.

Conclusion:
In the presence of cultured bacteria and with fungal α-amylase, starch-based plastic is
completely degraded within 96 h and 48 h, respectively.
Case Report: Multisystem Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) and Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) in a 13-Month-Old Female
Authors: Hanggara Dian Sukma , Desyi Desyi 
Published: April 2021

Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis or LCH and Myelodysplastic syndrome or MDS in children are rare diseases. It is estimated to be 1 to 4 cases per 1 million population and less than 5% of hematologic cases. MDS in LCH can occur due to genetic predisposition, impaired cytokine production, or secondary to chemotherapy.Â The article reported a patient case of a 13-month-old female who came to hospital with paleness since two weeks before admission. The patient also experienced skin redness, abdominal distention, and weight loss. From the physical examination, anemia, maculopapular rash, and hepatosplenomegaly were obtained. From the laboratory test, anemia of hypochromic anisopoikilocytosis, monocytosis, thrombocytopenia, and hypoalbuminemia were obtained. On examination of bone marrow aspiration, MDS with Refractory Cytopenia of Childhood type or RCC was obtained. Positive results confirmed the diagnosis of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis on CD68 and S100 in histopathological examinations.
Stereotypes through the Stereoscope: Racism and Sexism in Stereographs
Authors: Peterson Derek , Hamrick Patrick 
Published: April 2021

Vol 2, No. 3 (2021)
With contributions by Cameron Brand and Laura Mao.
This issue of SourceLab introduces readers to several nineteenth-century stereographs.
This publication is part of the digital documentary edition series SourceLab, based at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Our Editorial Board conducts rigorous peer-review of every edition.
Advantages and Challenges in Using Telehealth for Home-Based Palliative Care: Protocol for a Systematic Mixed Studies Review
Authors: Steindal Simen A , Nes Andréa Aparecida Goncalves , Godskesen Tove E , Lind Susanne , Dhle Alfhild , Winger Anette , Österlind Jane , Pettersen Fredrik Solvang , Holmen Heidi , Klarare Anna 
Published: April 2021

Background
Given the increasing number of people in need of palliative care services and the current health care professional workforce strain, providing equitable, quality palliative care has become a challenge. Telehealth could be an innovative approach to palliative care delivery, enabling patients to spend more time or even remain at home, if they wish, throughout the illness trajectory. However, no previous systematic mixed studies reviews have synthesized evidence on patients’ experiences of the advantages and challenges of telehealth for home-based palliative care.

Objective
The aim of this systematic mixed studies review is to critically appraise and synthesize findings from studies that investigated patients’ use of telehealth in home-based palliative care with a focus on the advantages and challenges experienced by the patients.

Methods
This article describes the protocol for a systematic mixed studies review with a convergent design. The reporting will be guided by the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement. A systematic search was performed in eight databases for studies published from January 2010 to June 2020. The search will be updated in 2021. Pairs of authors will independently assess eligibility, extract data, and assess methodological quality. The data will then be analyzed using thematic synthesis.

Results
We describe the rationale and design of a systematic mixed studies review. The database searches were performed on June 25, 2020. Assessment of eligibility and further steps have not yet been performed. Results are anticipated by August 2021.

Conclusions
Following the ethos of patient-centered palliative care, this systematic mixed studies review could lead to recommendations for practice and policy, enabling the development and implementation of telehealth applications and services that align with patients’ preferences and needs at home.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/22626
Smoking Cessation and Coronary Artery Calcification in CKD
Authors: Lee Mi Jung , Park Jung Tak , Chang Tae Ik , Joo Young Su , Yoo Tae-Hyun , Park Sue Kyung , Chung Wookyung , Kim Yong-Soo , Kim Soo Wan , Oh Kook-Hwan , Kang Shin-Wook , Choi Kyu Hun , Ahn Curie , Han Seung Hyeok 
Published: April 2021

Background and objectives
Smoking is associated with vascular calcification and a higher risk of cardiovascular disease. In this study, we investigated the association of smoking dose and cessation with coronary artery calcification (CAC) in patients with CKD.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
From a nationwide, prospective cohort of Korean patients with CKD, 1914 participants were included. Prevalent CAC was defined as an Agatston score >0, using computed tomography. CAC progression was defined as ≥30%/yr increase in Agatston score at the 4-year follow-up examination in patients with baseline CAC.

Results
Prevalent CAC was observed in 952 (50%) patients. Compared with never smokers, former smokers had a similar prevalence ratio for CAC, but current smokers had a 1.25-fold higher prevalence ratio (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.10 to 1.42). Among former smokers, a lower smoking load of <10 pack-years (prevalence ratio, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.65 to 0.90) and longer duration of smoking cessation (prevalence ratio for 10 to <20 years, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.73 to 0.98: prevalence ratio for ≥20 years, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.73 to 0.96) were associated with lower risk of prevalent CAC compared with current smoking. The prevalence ratios did not differ between never smoking and long-term cessation. However, short-term cessation with heavy smoking load was associated with a higher risk of prevalent CAC (prevalence ratio, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.40) compared with never smoking. CAC progression was observed in 111 (33%) patients with baseline CAC. Compared with never smokers, former smokers showed a similar risk of CAC progression, but current smokers had a higher risk (relative risk, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.30 to 2.86).

Conclusions
In CKD, former smoking with a lower smoking load and long-term cessation were associated with a lower risk of prevalent CAC than current smoking. CAC progression was more pronounced in current smokers.
Isolation and identification of microbial species found in cocoa fermentation as microbial starter culture candidates for cocoa bean fermentation in Colombia.
Authors: Lozano Tovar Maria Denis , Tibasosa Geraldine , González Carlos Mario , Ballestas Alvarez Karen , Lopez Hernandez Martha Del Pilar , Rodríguez Villamizar Fernando 
Published: April 2021

Microbial activity involved in the cocoa beans fermentation process is essential to maintain and improve the organoleptic and nutritional qualities of chocolate; therefore, the aim of this investigation was to search and select microbial isolates with the potential to improve the quality of cocoa beans. Fermentation experimentswere conducted on farms located in Maceo (Antioquia), San Vicente de Chucurí (Santander), and Rivera and Algeciras (Huila), Colombia. Yeast, lactic acid bacteria (LAB), acetic acid bacteria (AAB), and mesophilic aerobic microorganisms were obtained from different fermentation batches. The growth of these microorganismswas tested in six treatments as follows: 50% cocoa pulp agar (CPA), high concentrations of glucose (10%), ethanol (5%), and acetic acid (7%), an acidic pH of 3.0, and a high temperature of 50oC for 24 h. The isolates with the highest growth were identified by 18S and 16S rRNA gene analysis, revealing a high diversity ofspecies associated with cocoa fermentation, including eight species of yeasts (Debaryomyces hansenii, Meyerozyma guillermondii, Wickerhanomyces anomalus, Pichia guillermondii, Pichia kudriavzevii, Trichosporon asahii, Candida parapsilosis, and Pichia manshurica), six species of LAB (Pediococcus acidilactici, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus farraginis, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and Leuconostoc mesenteroides), four species of AAB (Gluconobacter japonicus, Acetobacter tropicalis, Acetobacter pasteurianus, and Acetobacter malorum/tropicalis), and three species of Bacillus spp. (Bacillusaryabhattai /megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus coagulans). In general, microbial populations increased in cocoa batches after 12 h of fermentation and decreased after 84-96 h. All the yeast isolates grew in 10% glucose and CPA, 85.7% in 5% ethanol, and 95% at a pH of 3.0. All the yeast isolates were affectedby 7% acetic acid and incubation at 50oC for 24 h. Eighty-five percent of the LAB grew in 10% glucose, 100% in 5% ethanol, 42.8% in CPA, 64% at a pH of 3.0, and 35.7% grew after being exposed to 50oC for 24 h; all were affected by 7% acetic acid. As for the AAB, 100% grew in 10% glucose, 71% in 7% ethanol, 100% grew in CPA, in 7% acetic acid, and at a pH of 3.0, while 100% were affected by incubation at 50oC. Three yeast isolates, W. anomalus, D. hansenii and M. guillermondii, three LAB isolates, P. acidilactici, L. brevis, and L. plantarum, and three AAB isolates, A. tropicalis, A. pasteurianus and G. japonicus, were selected as promising strains to be used in a microbial starter culture for cocoa bean fermentation to improve the organoleptic quality of cocoa.
A geotermikus energia kutatása és hasznosítása Magyarországon az elmúlt 150 év tükrében
Authors: Szanyi János , Nádor Annamária , Madarász Tamás 
Published: April 2021

Jelen tanulmányban a 150 évvel ezelőtt Zsigmondy Vilmossal induló magyarországi geotermikus kutatások legfőbb eredményeit, illetve a hazai geotermikus szektor fejlődésének főbb lépéseit vázoljuk fel, megemlékezve a jeles elődökről. A tartalmi részt 4 időszakra osztottuk:
1.) A hőskor. A XIX.sz közepétől tart a rendszerváltásig. A leghosszabb időszakot fogja át, az első fúrásos hévízfeltárásoktól, a gyógy- és fürdő turizmus kiteljesedésén át a geotermikus energia mezőgazdasági hasznosításának elterjedésig. Az az időszak, amikor a földtudomány kiváló hazai szakemberi, a nemzetközi trendek előtt járva, lehetővé tették a geotermikus energia széleskörű hasznosítását, megalapozták a magyar geotermika nemzetközi elismerését. Ezt a felívelés korszakának tekintjük, ezért egyben tárgyaljuk.
2.) A közel múlt. A rendszerváltást követő kezdeti lépések, melyek főleg fürdő fejlesztéseket és a geotermikus energia távhő célú fejlesztését jelentették. Ezek közül is kiemelkedik hódmezővásárhelyi, miskolci és győri geotermikus távhőrendszer. A hódmezővásárhelyi rendszer a komplex kaszkád hasznosítással és a homokkőbe történő sikeres és fenntartható visszasajtolási technológia alkalmazásával volt úttörő, míg a két utóbbi, 50 MWth-ot meghaladó a beépített kapacitásával mutatott európai szinten is elismert példát. Ezen időszakban, a termálfürdő fejlesztéseknek és új fürdők nyitásának köszönhetően, a termálturizmus megduplázódott. Ez már a zenit korszaka, 2003-ban még Európai Geotermikus Kongresszust rendeztek Szegeden, de már nem Magyarország volt Európában a fejlődés motorja.
3.) A jelen projektek. Az éppen befejezett vagy még futó jelentősebb geotermikus projekteken keresztül bemutatjuk a geotermikus energia hasznosítás jelenlegi magyarországi állapotát. Európai Uniós csatlakozásunknak köszönhetően megnyílt a nemzetközi kutatási projekteben való részvétel lehetősége. Különösen a hazai egyetemek és kutatóhelyek – de civil szervezetek is – becsatlakozhattak az európai geotermikus kutatások főáramába. Az Európai Uniós források lehetővé tették a határon átnyúló kutatási projektek indítását, ennek köszönhetően a Kárpát-medence geotermikus viszonyait egységes szerkezetben, politikai határok nélkül lehet kutatni.
4.) A futó kutatások, jövőkép. Ismertetjük a hazai és a nemzetközi kutatásokhoz kapcsoló legújabb eredményeket és felvázoljuk a jövőbeni kutatási irányokat, lehetséges helyünket a nemzetközi geotermikus piacon. Bemutatjuk, hogy – alkalmas szakpolitikával, a geotermikus adottságaink ismeretében – milyen mértéket érhet el a geotermikus energia hasznosítása Magyarországon a közeli jövőben.
Az egyes időszakok határai nem élesek, inkább tematikusak, így egy adott időszakban olykor későbbi tanulmányt is megemlítünk. Tárgyalásuk során röviden utalunk a földtani, hidrogeológiai, geokémiai és geofizikai kapcsolódási pontokra, de ezeket részletesen nem tárgyaljuk, a Földtani Közlöny aktuális ünnepi és rákövetkező évjáratában erről önálló tanulmányokat olvashatnak.
PROCESSO DE INDUÇÃO DO PROFESSOR INICIANTE: o papel da coordenação pedagógica
Authors: De Souza Sena Erica Cristina , Pinheiro Lopes Camacho Fernanda , Ramos de Andrade Maria de Fátima 
Published: April 2021

Neste artigo, apresentamos um levantamento bibliográfico feito com o objetivo de se analisarem dissertações e teses que tratam do processo de indução do professor iniciante e o papel do coordenador pedagógico, nas bases da CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior) e do IBICT (Banco de Teses do Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia) do período de 2008 a 2019. Para tal, utilizamos os seguintes descritores: professor iniciante, indução pedagógica, vínculo, acolhimento, anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental e coordenação pedagógica. Obtivemos, com isso, onze pesquisas. Para este estudo, procuramos identificar os objetivos, o referencial teórico, as metodologias utilizadas e os principais resultados consolidados nas pesquisas. Ao analisarmos os achados das pesquisas estudadas, constatamos a necessidade de ampliação dos programas e fomento aos de inserção e apoio ao professor iniciante nas Secretarias Municipais e Estaduais. As pesquisas em destaque evidenciaram que os processos de formação continuada, sejam nas unidades escolares ou ofertados pelas Secretarias de Educação, impactam a rotina, os saberes dos professores, contribuindo para a docência; demonstram também a preocupação com o ingresso do professor iniciante.
Uso de la miel en el manejo de las úlceras crónicas de miembros inferiores en el adulto. Revisión sistemática
Authors: Niño Fandiño José Luis , Hernández Mancipe Leidy Yaneth 
Published: April 2021

Introducción: las úlceras en miembros inferiores hacen parte de las enfermedades crónicas que afectan a la población mundial, las cuales generan deterioro en la calidad de vida de quienes las padecen. La miel es un alimento natural utilizado a lo largo de la historia de la humanidad con fines curativos para el manejo de las lesiones en la piel; sin embargo, el beneficio de su uso en el tratamiento de las úlceras de miembros inferiores no ha sido definido, ya que la evidencia actual es controversial. Objetivo: evaluar la mejor evidencia científica disponible para determinar los beneficios de la miel en el tratamiento de las úlceras crónicas de miembros inferiores en la población adulta. Metodología: se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura de ensayos clínicos controlados, aleatorizados en las bases de datos PubMed, Ovid, ProQuest, EBSCO, BIREME. Se incluyeron 9 ensayos clínicos controlados. Se evaluó la calidad metodológica según los parámetros de PeDro y se utilizaron criterios de la colaboración Cochrane para definir la presencia de sesgos de cada estudio. Resultados: ocho de los 9 estudios incluidos reportaron desenlaces favorables en el uso de la miel. Los estudios contaron con buena calidad metodológica en su desarrollo, pero evidenciaron un riesgo poco claro de sesgo. Conclusión: la evidencia disponible no permite establecer la utilidad de la miel en el manejo de las úlceras de miembros inferiores. La evidencia actual muestra poca claridad en términos de sesgos, por lo que es necesario realizar nuevos ensayos clínicos, con mejores criterios de intervención, para poder establecer el beneficio del uso de la miel en esta enfermedad Palabras clave: úlceras de miembros inferiores, miel, revisión sistemática, vendaje compresivo, adulto.