bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Constraining flavour patterns of scalar leptoquarks in the effective field theory
Authors: Bordone Marzia , Catà Oscar , Feldmann Thorsten , Mandal Rusa 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We investigate the viability of extending the Standard Model with S1 and S3 scalar leptoquarks when the flavour structure is parametrized in terms of Froggatt-Nielsen charges. In contrast to a similar analysis with a vector leptoquark, we find essentially two solutions for the charges that fit the experimental constraints, which are dominated by the current tensions in B decays. These two scenarios differ in their estimate of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, (g − 2), but they both predict sizeable contributions to τ → μγ, $$ {\overline{B}}_s $$

B
¯

s

→ τ±μ∓ and B+→ K+τ+μ− decays, whose branching ratios are close to the current experimental limits.
Non-thermal production of pNGB dark matter and inflation
Authors: Abe Yoshihiko , Toma Takashi , Yoshioka Koichi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A pseudo Nambu-Goldstone boson (pNGB) is a natural candidate of dark matter in that it avoids the severe direct detection bounds. We show in this paper that the pNGB has another different and interesting face with a higher symmetry breaking scale. Such large symmetry breaking is motivated by various physics beyond the standard model. In this case, the pNGB interaction is suppressed due to the Nambu-Goldstone property and the freeze-out production does not work even with sufficiently large portal coupling. We then study the pNGB dark matter relic abundance from the out-of-equilibrium production via feeble Higgs portal coupling. Further, a possibility is pursued the symmetry breaking scalar in the pNGB model plays the role of inflaton. The inflaton and dark matter are unified in a single field and the pNGB production from inflaton decay is inevitable. For these non-thermally produced relic abundance of pNGB dark matter and successful inflation, we find that the dark matter mass should be less than a few GeV in the wide range of the reheating temperature and the inflaton mass.
Topological vertex for 6d SCFTs with ℤ2-twist
Authors: Kim Hee-Cheol , Kim Minsung , Kim Sung-Soo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe compute the partition function for 6d$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= 1 SO(2N) gauge theories compactified on a circle with ℤ2outer automorphism twist. We perform the computation based on 5-brane webs with two O5-planes using topological vertex with two O5-planes. As representative examples, we consider 6d SO(8) and SU(3) gauge theories with ℤ2twist. We confirm that these partition functions obtained from the topological vertex with O5-planes indeed agree with the elliptic genus computations.
Exome sequencing reveals predominantly de novo variants in disorders with intellectual disability (ID) in the founder population of Finland
Authors: Järvelä Irma , Määttä Tuomo , Acharya Anushree , Leppälä Juha , Jhangiani Shalini N. , Arvio Maria , Siren Auli , Kankuri-Tammilehto Minna , Kokkonen Hannaleena , Palomäki Maarit , Varilo Teppo , Fang Mary , Hadley Trevor D. , Jolly Angad , Linnankivi Tarja , Paetau Ritva , Saarela Anni , Kälviäinen Reetta , Olme Jan , Nouel-Saied Liz M. , Cornejo-Sanchez Diana M. , Llaci Lorida , Lupski James R. , Posey Jennifer E. , Leal Suzanne M. , Schrauwen Isabelle 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe genetics of autosomal recessive intellectual disability (ARID) has mainly been studied in consanguineous families, however, founder populations may also be of interest to study intellectual disability (ID) and the contribution of ARID. Here, we used a genotype-driven approach to study the genetic landscape of ID in the founder population of Finland. A total of 39 families with syndromic and non-syndromic ID were analyzed using exome sequencing, which revealed a variant in a known ID gene in 27 families. Notably, 75% of these variants in known ID genes were de novo or suspected de novo (64% autosomal dominant; 11% X-linked) and 25% were inherited (14% autosomal recessive; 7% X-linked; and 4% autosomal dominant). A dual molecular diagnosis was suggested in two families (5%). Via additional analysis and molecular testing, we identified three cases with an abnormal molecular karyotype, including chr21q22.12q22.2 uniparental disomy with a mosaic interstitial 2.7 Mb deletion covering DYRK1A and KCNJ6. Overall, a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant was identified in 64% (25/39) of the families. Last, we report an alternate inheritance model for 3 known ID genes (UBA7, DDX47, DHX58) and discuss potential candidate genes for ID, including SYPL1 and ERGIC3 with homozygous founder variants and de novo variants in POLR2F and DNAH3. In summary, similar to other European populations, de novo variants were the most common variants underlying ID in the studied Finnish population, with limited contribution of ARID to ID etiology, though mainly driven by founder and potential founder variation in the latter case.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on urgent dental care delivery in a Swiss university center for dental medicine
Authors: Eggmann Florin , Haschemi Asin Ahmad , Doukoudis Dimitrios , Filippi Andreas , Verna Carlalberta , Walter Clemens , Weiger Roland , Zitzmann Nicola U. , Bornstein Michael M. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to assess whether the emergency service of a major Swiss dental institution faced different demands (patient volume, treatment needs, dental care characteristics) during a lockdown, issued to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic, compared with the weeks before and after.

Materials and methods
Data of patients receiving urgent care at a university center for dental medicine (Basel, Switzerland) during the 6-week lockdown, pre-lockdown, and post-lockdown periods were retrospectively evaluated. Statistical analysis involved tests for equal proportions and logistic regression models. The level of significance was set at α=0.05.

Results
The study comprised 3109 dental emergency visits in the period from February 2 to June 5, 2020. Daily caseloads increased during lockdown. Abscesses, orthodontic emergencies, and surgical follow-ups were more common during lockdown, whereas the number of dento-alveolar injuries declined (≤0.048). Urgent dental care provision involved intraoral radiographs more frequently in the pre-lockdown period compared with the following weeks (p<0.001). Among all treatments, aerosol-generating procedures dropped from 56.1% (pre-lockdown) to 21.3% during lockdown (p<0.001), while teledentistry follow-ups became more frequent (p<0.001). Patients with comorbidities sought urgent dental care less frequently during the post-lockdown period (p=0.004).

Conclusions
The lockdown significantly impacted the dental emergency service in terms of patients’ diagnoses, treatment needs, and the characteristics of the urgent care that was delivered.

Clinical relevance
Access to essential dental care must be monitored and safeguarded throughout the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond as deferred care entails risks for serious sequelae and persons with comorbidities may change their dental care-seeking behavior.
Existence results for the mixed Cauchy–Dirichlet problem for a class of hyperbolic operators
Authors: Barbagallo Annamaria , Esposito Vincenzo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe paper concerns the study of the Cauchy–Dirichlet problem for a class of hyperbolic second-order operators with double characteristics in presence of transition in a domain of $${\mathbb {R}}^3$$

R

3

. Firstly, we establish some a priori local and global estimates. Then, we obtain some existence results.
A facile synthesis of mono dispersed spherical silver doped bioactive glass nanoparticle
Authors: Kazemian Zahra , Varzandeh Mohammad , Labbaf Sheyda 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBioactive glasses have attracted enormous attention in the field of biomaterials for dental and medical applications. Incorporation of antibacterial ions within BGs has been proved to be a promising approach to fortify their bactericidal character. In this study, homogenous BGs containing silver (Ag) ions were synthesized by sol–gel method. Subsequently, the presence of the embedded ions were characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) elemental analysis and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. Moreover, released ions were measured in simulated body fluid (SBF) and their antibacterial effectiveness was further verified using minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests. A crystalline hydroxyapatite layer was formed on the Ag-BG surfaces at day 5 approved by X-ray diffraction indicating the preserved bioactivity. The resultant uniform, mono-dispersed and dense nanoparticles show 19 great potential for a range of orthopedic and dental applications.
Induced abortion among married women in China: a study based on the 1997–2017 China Fertility Surveys
Authors: Wei Zhixin , Yu Dian , Liu Hongyan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis study uses four sets of data from China Fertility Surveys completed during the years 1997–2017 to analyze the trend of induced abortion, with a focus on the twenty-first century. Married women of reproductive age who had a history of pregnancy during the 5 years prior to participating in a survey were the research object. The study also examines the variation of abortion proportions among different subgroups during different time periods, including an examination of the number and gender of children, place of residence, and contraceptive use of women who had induced abortions. The results show that the occurrence of induced abortion has decreased gradually, and that the risk of induced abortion was higher for those who had given birth to fewer children. However, induced abortion among women with two children has increased in recent years. It is noteworthy that induced abortions among childless premarital women have continued to increase in recent years, and that the sexual and reproductive health problems of adolescents remain of great concern. The occurrence of induced abortions after childbirth increased for those with one or two children, showing that the unmet need for contraception after childbirth should receive more attention. In addition, sex-selective abortion has been decreasing gradually, but still exists today.
Chalcopyrite Leaching in a Dimethyl Sulfoxide Solution Containing Copper Chloride
Authors: Takatori Kota , Kato Hidekazu , Yoshimura Akihiro , Matsuno Yasunari 
Published: March 2021

AbstractChalcopyrite (CuFeS2) is the most refractory copper mineral when treated in conventional sulfate media leaching systems. This is the first study to examine the use of a dimethyl sulfoxide (CH3SOCH3, DMSO) solution containing copper chloride (CuCl2) for the leaching of chalcopyrite. Leaching experiments for a copper concentrate composed mainly of chalcopyrite were conducted at ambient pressure at 313–413 K. The leaching fractions of Cu, Fe, S, Au, and As were investigated. It was found that 90% of the Cu was extracted in 2 h, and 94% was extracted in 4 h at 373 K, which is competitive with other conventional processes. A DMSO solution containing CuCl2 could selectively dissolve the valuable metals Cu and Au from chalcopyrite, but leave minerals with little economic value such as pyrite (FeS2) and As in the residue. Chalcopyrite is oxidized by cupric ion in proportion to the stoichiometric ratio of Cu in the concentrate to the initial cupric ion in the DMSO solution, which is enhanced by the presence of oxygen below 373 K.
Preoperative Psychological Evaluation for Patients Referred for Penile Prosthesis Implantation
Authors: dos Reis Margareth de Mello Ferreira , Barros Eduardo Augusto Corrêa , Pollone Marilisa , Molina Maria Beatriz Gracia , Westin Caio Pereira de Vasconcellos , Glina Sidney 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background
Patients may remain dissatisfied after penile prosthesis implantation for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Studies showing the results of standardized protocols for preoperative psychological evaluation are lacking.

Purpose
To estimate the rate of patients considered psychologically unfit for penile prosthesis implantation and to compare their characteristics with those considered fit after the implementation of a standardized psychological profile evaluation protocol for men with erectile dysfunction.

Methods
Cross-sectional evaluation of men referred for penile prosthesis implantation by their urologists, based on organic causes for the erectile dysfunction, including a semi-structured (sexual and relational anamnesis of the patient and their partner, information about expectations about the results of the penile prosthesis implantation and possible complications) and a structured instrument including validated tools for the evaluation of depression and/or anxiety symptoms. These were the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey for quality of life, and the Five-Factor Model (FFM) for behavioral tendencies. After at least 3 interviews, the psychology team rated the patients as fit or unfit for surgery. Unfit patients were those with any of a set of warning signals indicating risk for dissatisfaction even after penile implantation.

Main outcome measure
The prevalence of patients considered “unfit for surgery.”

Results
The quality of life scores were good, but 27.6% of patients (95% confidence interval, CI: 16.7–40.9%) were unfit for surgery. Being unfit was associated with obesity (P = .027), anxiety and/or depression symptoms (P &lt; .001) and high levels of neuroticism (P = .001).

Conclusion
The preoperative evaluation protocol combining standardized and validated tools shows that more than one-quarter of patients with a medical indication for penile prosthesis implantation were not in good psychological conditions for the surgery. The development of psychological evaluation protocols can help identify patients in need of adequate care before penile implantation.
Urinary tract infection treatment practices in nursing homes reporting to the National Healthcare Safety Network, 2017
Authors: Kabbani Sarah , Palms Danielle , Bell Jeneita M. , Hicks Lauri A. , Stone Nimalie D. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe describe differences between urinary tract infection treatment and events reported by nursing homes enrolled in the National Healthcare Safety Network. In 2017, almost 4 times as many antibiotic starts as infection events were reported, suggesting that opportunities exist for antibiotic stewardship and improvement of urinary tract infection reporting.
International Monetary Fund Riots or Nasserian Revolt? Thinking Fluid Memories: Egypt 1977
Authors: Henry Mélanie 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn recorded memory, the 1977 uprising in Egypt appears as the end of a cycle. Yet, at an international level, it marks the beginning of a wave of protest against International Monetary Fund measures. In this article, I study how communist memories of the uprising, which are the only ones recorded, have built up a disregard for 1977's “immature” insurgents. The article investigates how these narratives can inform us about the history of the uprising and argues that the search for a Cartesian-type collective subject among insurgents limits our understanding of the insurrection. It refers extensively to the Alexandria Arsenal, a state-owned shipbuilding company where the uprising began, and the relationship between this “vanguard” and the rest of the insurgents. It deconstructs the theoretical presupposition of an analogy between insurgents and a Cartesian subject that permeates the sources, and also the concepts of “collective memory” and “moral economy”. This leads inevitably to the diagnosis of a defective subject. It favours the concept of “fluid memory” and highlights other “January 1977s”.
Functional soil organic matter fractions in response to long-term fertilizer management in a double-cropping paddy field of southern China
Authors: Tang Haiming , Li Chao , Shi Lihong , Wen Li , Cheng Kaikai , Li Weiyan , Xiao Xiaoping 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSoil organic matter (SOM) and its fractions play an important role in maintaining or improving soil quality and soil fertility. Therefore, the effects of a 34-year long-term fertilizer regime on six functional SOM fractions under a double-cropping rice paddy field of southern China were studied in the current paper. The field experiment included four different fertilizer treatments: chemical fertilizer alone (MF), rice straw residue and chemical fertilizer (RF), 30% organic manure and 70% chemical fertilizer (OM) and without fertilizer input as control (CK). The results showed that coarse unprotected particulate organic matter (cPOM), biochemically, physically–biochemically and chemically protected silt-sized fractions (NH-dSilt, NH-μSilt and H-dSilt) were the main carbon (C) storage fractions under long-term fertilization conditions, accounting for 16.7–26.5, 31.1–35.6, 16.2–17.3 and 7.5–8.2% of the total soil organic carbon (SOC) content in paddy soil, respectively. Compared with control, OM treatment increased the SOC content in the cPOM, fine unprotected POM fraction, pure physically protected fraction and physico-chemically protected fractions by 58.9, 106.7, 117.6 and 28.3%, respectively. The largest proportion of SOC to total SOC in the different fractions was biochemically protected, followed by chemically and unprotected, and physically protected were the smallest. These results suggested that a physical protection mechanism plays an important role in stabilizing C of paddy soil. In summary, the results showed that higher functional SOM fractions and physical protection mechanism play an important role in SOM cycling in terms of C sequestration under the double-cropping rice paddy field.
Lecanactis (Roccellaceae) in Tasmania, with the description of a new saxicolous species and a revised key for the genus in Australia
Authors: Kantvilas Gintaras 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe lichen genus Lecanactis Körb. in Tasmania comprises six species: L. abietina (Ach.) Körb., which is widespread and pan-temperate; L. latispora Egea & Torrente and L. neozelandica Egea & Torrente, both shared with New Zealand and with the former recorded here from the Auckland Islands for the first time; L. mollis (Stirt.) Frisch & Ertz, shared with Victoria and New Zealand; L. aff. dilleniana (Ach.) Körb., a European species recorded provisionally for Tasmania on the basis of several sterile collections; L. scopulicola Kantvilas, which is described here as new to science and apparently a Tasmanian endemic. This new taxon occurs in rocky underhangs and is characterized by a thick, leprose thallus containing schizopeltic acid, and 3-septate ascospores, 19–30 × 4.5–6 μm. Short descriptions and a discussion of distribution and ecology are given for all species. A key for all 11 Australian species of the genus is provided, including L. subfarinosa (C. Knight) Hellb. and L. tibelliana Egea & Torrente, which are recorded for Australia for the first time, and L. platygraphoides (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr., a first record for New South Wales. Lecanactis spermatospora Egea & Torrente and L. sulphurea Egea & Torrente are also included.
A preliminary phylogeny of theLecanora saligna-group, with notes on species delimitation
Authors: Ivanovich Cristóbal , Dolnik Christian , Otte Volker , Palice Zdeněk , Sohrabi Mohammad , Printzen Christian 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLecanoras. lat. is a genus of crustose, rarely placodioid lichens comprisingc. 1000 recognized species and subdivided into several morphology-based groups. Some of these groups have been supported in phylogenetic analyses and segregated as new genera. One of the remaining groups that has not been previously studied by molecular methods in much detail, theL. saligna-group, includes corticolous and lignicolous crustose lichens, usually containing isousnic or usnic acid (or both) as major secondary metabolites. As part of our ongoing project ‘Lecanomics’, a phylogenetic analysis based on two loci was conducted and found theL. saligna-group to be divided into two main clades and several well-supported minor clades. TheL. variaclade, chosen as one of the outgroups, emerged within theL. saligna-group. The majority of the clades are characterized by phenotypic differences. However, several well-supported clades share similarities with their sister groups, suggesting that species circumscriptions based solely on phenotypic characters may be too conservative to characterize the true species diversity present within the group. Also, there is evidence for some geographical separation of lineages; for example, most North American individuals, previously known asLecanora salignaandL. albellula, form two clades separate from their European namesakes and are here preliminarily called ‘Lecanorasp. B’, ‘Lecanorasp. C’ and ‘Lecanorasp. D’. However,L. salignaandL. albellulaalso appear to occur in North America, and some specimens from the Caucasus and Iran cluster within the North American clades.Lecanora anoptaandL. subravidaare reported for the first time from Iran.
Higher horospherical limit sets for G-modules over CAT(0)-spaces
Authors: BIERI ROBERT , GEOGHEGAN ROSS 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe Σ-invariants of Bieri–Neumann–Strebel and Bieri–Renz involve an action of a discrete group G on a geometrically suitable space M. In the early versions, M was always a finite-dimensional Euclidean space on which G acted by translations. A substantial literature exists on this, connecting the invariants to group theory and to tropical geometry (which, actually, Σ-theory anticipated). More recently, we have generalized these invariants to the case where M is a proper CAT(0) space on which G acts by isometries. The “zeroth stage” of this was developed in our paper [BG16]. The present paper provides a higher-dimensional extension of the theory to the “nth stage” for any n.
Effectiveness of transdiagnostic seminars to support patients with common mental disorders: a multi-service practice research network study
Authors: Gaskell Chris , Askey-Jones Ryan , Groom Martin , Delgadillo Jaime 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackground:This was a multi-site evaluation of psycho-educational transdiagnostic seminars (TDS) as a pre-treatment intervention to enhance the effectiveness and utilisation of high-intensity cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT).Aims:To evaluate the effectiveness of TDS combined with high-intensity CBT (TDS+CBT) versus a matched sample receiving CBT only. Second, to determine the consistency of results across participating services which employed CBT+TDS. Finally, to determine the acceptability of TDS across patients with different psychological disorders.Method:106 patients across three services voluntarily attended TDS while on a waiting list for CBT (TDS+CBT). Individual and pooled service pre–post treatment effect sizes were calculated using measures of depression, anxiety and functional impairment. Effectiveness and completion rates for TDS+CBT were compared with a propensity score matched sample from an archival dataset of cases who received high-intensity CBT only.Results:Pre–post treatment effect sizes for TDS+CBT were comparable to the matched sample. Recovery rates were greater for the group receiving TDS; however, this was not statistically significant. Greater improvements were observed during the waiting-list period for patients who had received TDS for depression (d = 0.49 compared with d = 0.07) and anxiety (d = 0.36 compared with d = 0.04).Conclusions:Overall, this new evidence found a trend for TDS improving symptoms while awaiting CBT across three separate IAPT services. The effectiveness of TDS now warrants further exploration through an appropriately sized randomised control trial.