bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The personalized Berger method is usable to solve the problem of tibial rotation
Authors: András Gömöri , Németh Gábor , Oláh Csaba Zsolt , Lénárt Gábor , Drén Zsanett , Papp Miklós 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The revision of any total knee replacement is carried out in a significant number of cases, due to the excessive internal rotation of the tibial component. The goal was to develop a personalized method, using only the geometric parameters of the tibia, without the femoral guidelines, to calculate the postoperative rotational position of tibial component malrotation within a tolerable error threshold in every case.

Methods
Preoperative CT scans of eighty-five osteoarthritic knees were examined by three independent medical doctors twice over 7 weeks.
The geometric centre of the tibia was produced by the ellipse annotation drawn 8 mm below the tibial plateau, the sagittal and frontal axes of the ellipse were transposed to the slice of the tibial tuberosity. With the usage of several guide lines, a right triangle was drawn within which the personalized Berger angle was calculated.

Results
A very good intra-observer (0.89-0.925) and inter-observer (0.874) intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was achieved. Even if the average of the personalized Berger values were similar to the original 18° (18.32° in our case), only 70.6% of the patients are between the clinically tolerable thresholds (12.2° and 23.8°).

Conclusion
The method, measured on the preoperative CT scans, is capable of calculating the required correction during the planning of revision arthroplasties which are necessary due to the tibial component malrotation. The personalized Berger angle isn’t altered during arthroplasty, this way it determines which one of the anterior reference points of the tibia (medial 1/3 or the tip of the tibial tuberosity, medial border or 1/6 or 1/3 or the centre of the patellar tendon) can be used during the positioning of the tibial component.

Level of evidence
Level II, Diagnostic Study (Methodological Study).
Associations between socio-demographics, nutrition knowledge, nutrition competencies and attitudes in community-dwelling healthy older adults in Singapore: findings from the SHIELD study
Authors: Ong Rebecca Hui San , Chow Wai Leng , Cheong Magdalin , Lim Gladys Huiyun , Xie Weiyi , Baggs Geraldine , Huynh Dieu Thi Thu , Oh Hong Choon , How Choon How , Tan Ngiap-Chuan , Tey Siew Ling , Chew Samuel Teong Huang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Nutrition literacy refers to an individual’s knowledge, motivation and competencies to access, process and understand nutrition information to make nutrition-related decisions. It is known to influence dietary habits of individuals including older adults. This cross-sectional study was designed to: (1) understand the nutrition knowledge, competencies and attitudes of community-dwelling older adults in Singapore, (2) examine the differences between their nutrition knowledge, and socio-demographic factors, competencies and attitudes and (3) identify factors associated with better nutrition knowledge in older healthy adults in Singapore.

Methods
A total of 400 (183 males and 217 females) nourished community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and above took part in this study. Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) was used to determine individuals who were at low risk of undernutrition. Nutrition knowledge, competencies, attitudes and sources of nutrition information were measured using a locally developed scale. Nutrition knowledge scores were summed to form the nutrition knowledge index (NKI). Associations between NKI, competencies, attitudes and socio-demographic variables were examined using Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests. Factors associated with NKI were determined using a stepwise regression model with resampling-based methods for model averaging.

Results
Bivariate analyses found significant differences in NKI scores for gender, monthly household earnings, type of housing, the self-reported ability to seek and understand nutrition information and having access to help from family/friends. Females had higher NKI scores compared to males (p < 0.001). Compared to females, more males left food decisions to others (p < 0.001), and fewer males reported consuming home-cooked food (p = 0.016). Differences in educational level were found for competencies like the self-reported ability to seek (p < 0.001) and verify nutrition information (p < 0.001). Stepwise regression analysis showed that being female, Chinese, self-reported ability to understand nutrition information and having access to help from family/friends were associated with higher NKI scores.

Conclusions
Our study revealed that nutrition knowledge of older males in Singapore was lower than females and more left food decisions to others. Nutrition education programs could be targeted at both the older male, their caregivers and minority ethnic groups.
Trial Registration This study was registered on 7 August 2017 at clinicaltrials.gov (ref. NCT03240952).
Effects of adjunctive brexpiprazole on calmness and life engagement in major depressive disorder: post hoc analysis of patient-reported outcomes from clinical trial exit interviews
Authors: Weiss Catherine , Meehan Stine R. , Brown T. Michelle , Gupta Catherine , Mørup Michael F. , Thase Michael E. , McIntyre Roger S. , Ismail Zahinoor 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Though often overlooked, calming patients and increasing their life engagement are key factors in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). This study aimed to test the hypothesis that adjunctive brexpiprazole increases calmness and life engagement among patients with MDD, based on clinical trial exit interviews.

Methods
This was a pooled analysis of exit interview data from three exploratory, open-label studies of adjunctive brexpiprazole 1–3 mg/day. The studies enrolled 105 outpatients with MDD (DSM-IV-TR criteria), a current depressive episode, and inadequate response to antidepressant treatment during the current episode. Patients were interviewed if they completed the end-of-treatment visit (Week 6 or Week 12, depending on the study). Exit interviews took the form of semi-structured telephone interviews in which patients were asked mostly qualitative questions about their symptoms prior to the start of the study, and about improvements they had noted during treatment. Interview transcripts were reviewed and codes were assigned to calmness and life engagement vocabulary, allowing aggregation of the frequency of improvement in various domains.

Results
79.8% (83/104) of patients described improvements consistent with at least one calmness term, most commonly feeling less anxious (46.2%) or less irritable (44.2%). A four-domain concept of patient life engagement was developed in which 88.6% (93/105) of patients described improvements consistent with at least one domain, specifically, emotional (77.1%), physical (75.2%), social (41.9%), and/or cognitive (36.2%). Of the patients who described improvement in calmness, 96.4% (80/83) also described improvement in life engagement.

Conclusions
Analysis of exit interview data suggests that patients were calmer and more engaged with life following treatment with adjunctive brexpiprazole. Thus, adjunctive brexpiprazole may provide a benefit on subjective patient outcomes in addition to the improvement in depressive symptoms shown by clinical rating scale data.
Trial Registration: Data used in this post hoc analysis came from ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT02012218, NCT02013531, NCT02013609.
Probing the potentiality of the defoliator Cricula trifenestrata Helfer silk: a revisit
Authors: Hridya Hemachandran , Guha Lopamudra , Mazumdar Mahashankar , Sarkar B. N. , Vijayakumar Soni , Borpuzari P. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Transformation of pest to valuable product is considered to be a noteworthy innovation. This article explores the potentiality of wild silkworm Cricula trifenestrata Helfer for sustainable development towards human livelihoods.

Results
The innate characteristics of this silkworm with robust rearing capacity have bestowed various aspects of biomaterials with special context to diversification of wild silk products. Views on challenges, prospects and the enigma of converting a pest to beneficial product are also unraveled. Exploration on utmost utilization of raw silk, scope for varied byproduct from silk waste may contribute a ray of hope for income generation to the rural population.

Conclusion
With suitable plantation and congenial climatic conditions for rearing Cricula trifenestrata may serve as an alternative wild silk in contributing to the country’s wild raw silk production.
Integrating PrEP delivery in public health family planning clinics: a protocol for a pragmatic stepped wedge cluster randomized trial in Kenya
Authors: Mugwanya Kenneth K. , Matemo Daniel , Scoville Caitlin W. , Beima-Sofie Kristin M. , Meisner Allison , Onyango Dickens , Mugambi Mary , Feutz Erika , Grabow Cole , Barnabas Ruanne , Weiner Bryan , Baeten Jared M. , Kinuthia John ,   for the FP Plus Team
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundAdolescent girls and young women account for a disproportionate fraction of new HIV infections in Africa and are a priority population for HIV prevention, including provision of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Anchoring PrEP delivery to care settings like family planning (FP) services that women already access routinely may offer an efficient platform to reach HIV at-risk women. However, context-specific implementation science evaluation is needed.MethodsThe Family Planning Plus Project is a prospective, pragmatic implementation evaluation, designed as a stepped wedge, cluster randomized trial, at 12 clinics in Kenya. In collaboration with the Kenya Ministry of Health and Kisumu County Department of Health, we will introduce integration of HIV risk screening and PrEP delivery in public health FP clinics. The core multifaceted implementation strategies to integrate PrEP in FP clinics will include: (1) PrEP delivery by existing FP clinic staff, (2) health provider training, (3) PrEP technical assistance to coach and mentor providers, (4) joint supervision with Kisumu County health officials, and (5) stakeholder engagement. All core components of PrEP delivery—including screening for HIV risk, HIV testing, dispensing, adherence and risk reduction counseling, assessment of side effects, and provision of refills, or safety assessment—will be conducted by existing FP clinic staff as part of a standard care service package. The goal is to catalyze sustainable scale-up within existing infrastructures beyond the project. We will rigorously evaluate implementation outcomes and impact, using the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) framework, and we will use Organizational Readiness for Implementing Change (ORIC) and the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Science Research (CFIR) to assess readiness to implement and contextual enablers and barriers of implementation, including how clinics innovate efficient delivery systems.DiscussionAnchoring PrEP delivery to existing FP systems and staffing has tremendous potential to address barriers that women face in accessing HIV prevention and PrEP care, including lack of time, cost, and stigma of visiting a facility solely for HIV prevention. The FP Plus Project will initiate preparation for full-scale and sustainable model of integration of comprehensive HIV prevention services, including PrEP implementation, in public health FP clinics in low-income settings.Trial registrationRegistered withClinicalTrials.govon December 14, 2020:NCT04666792
Antifungal activity of Ocimum gratissimum L., Lantana camara L. & Pteleopsis suberosa Engl. & Dies used in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis in Benin
Authors: Klotoe Jean Robert , Fanou Brice Armand , Agbodjento Eric , Houehou Arnaud , Fah Lauris , Dougnon Victorien , Assogba Phénix , Loko Frédéric 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundVulvovaginal candidiasis is a widespread mycotic infection that affects a large proportion of women of childbearing age. Its management in traditional medicine is based on the use of medicinal plants. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity ofOcimum gratissimumL.,Lantana camaraL. andPteleopsis suberosaEngl. & Diels used in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis in Benin.ResultsThe data obtained from the in vitro antifungal test show that the strains tested (ATCC 90028 and two clinical strains: 1MA and 3MA) were more sensitive to aqueous extracts with a better effect forPteleopsis suberosa. This potential of the tested extracts correlated with their richness in total polyphenols. The extract of thePteleopsis suberosawas very active on the inhibition of the reference strain ATCC 90028. On the clinical strains (1MA and 3MA) the aqueous extract ofPteleopsis suberosashowed a better MIC on the 1MA strain. In vivo model, inoculation of 100 µL of the concentratedCandida albicanssuspension 1.5 × 105 UFC/mL induced the candidiasis of the female Wistar rat. The treatment with the aqueous extract ofPteleopsis suberosa, like fluconazole (reference drug), significantly reducedCandida albicansinfection at a dose of 100 mg/kg after 1, 7 and 13 days of treatment.ConclusionThis study revealed the potential antifungal of theOcimum gratissimum,Lantana camaraandPteleopsis suberosa.Pteleopsis suberosahas better antifungal activity in vitro and in vivo. These observations justify the use of their medicinal plant in the traditional treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis in Benin.
Body Image, Self-perception, and Satisfaction Among Girls With Turner Syndrome: A Prospective Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Vijayakanthi Nandini , Marcus David J , Fritz Sobha P , Xiang Yijin , Fadoju Doris 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Context
Delayed puberty and short stature in girls with Turner syndrome (TS) can lead to low body image, self-esteem, and satisfaction.

Objective
We aimed to evaluate body image, self-perception, and satisfaction among girls with TS using the Multi-Dimensional Body Image Self Relations Questionnaire-Appearance Scale (MBSRQ-AS).

Methods
Patients with karyotype-proven diagnosis of TS between 15 and 21 years were included after they achieved final adult height. We used the MBSRQ-AS instrument with 5 subscales: Appearance Evaluation (AE), Appearance Orientation (AO), Body Areas Satisfaction Scale (BASS), Overweight Preoccupation (OWP), and Self Classified Weight (SCW) subscales. Mean scores were compared with the available sex-matched population norms and compared between different subcohorts.

Results
Of 59 eligible girls, 37 girls agreed to participate with mean age 17.35 ± 1.6 years. Girls with TS had significantly lower scores than the sex-matched population norms in AO (mean [SD]: 3.32 [0.42] vs 3.91 [0.6]); P &lt; .001) and SCW (mean [SD]: 3.26 [0.71] vs 3.57 [0.73]; P = .01) subscales. In contrast, they had slightly higher scores in BASS (mean [SD]: 3.38 [0.74] vs 3.23 [0.74]; P = .23) and OWP (mean [SD]: 3.12 [0.39] vs 3.03 [0.96]; P = .21) subscales though not statistically significant. Girls with classic 45X karyotype and those who were overweight/obese had lower scores in AE and AO subscales than the normal population (P &lt; .05).

Conclusion
Compared with sex-matched population norms, girls with TS are not reporting negative effects due to their appearance and report general satisfaction with most areas of their body; however, girls with TS with classic karyotype or who were obese/overweight were generally unhappy with their physical appearance. They also seem to not focus their attention on their appearance.
Prognostic and Therapeutic Role of Vitamin D in COVID-19: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Dissanayake Harsha Anuruddhika , de Silva Nipun Lakshitha , Sumanatilleke Manilka , de Silva Sawanawadu Dilantha Neomal , Gamage Kavinga Kalhari Kobawaka , Dematapitiya Chinthana , Kuruppu Daya Chandrani , Ranasinghe Priyanga , Pathmanathan Sivatharshya , Katulanda Prasad 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Purpose
Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency may increase the susceptibility to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to determine the association between vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency and susceptibility to COVID-19, its severity, mortality, and role of vitamin D in its treatment.

Methods
We searched CINAHL, Cochrane library, EMBASE, PubMED, Scopus, and Web of Science up to May 30, 2021, for observational studies on association between vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency and susceptibility to COVID-19, severe disease, and death among adults, and, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing vitamin D treatment against standard care or placebo, in improving severity or mortality among adults with COVID-19. Risk of bias was assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa scale for observational studies and AUB-KQ1 Cochrane tool for RCTs. Study-level data were analyzed using RevMan 5.3 and R (v4.1.0). Heterogeneity was determined by I2 and sources were explored through prespecified sensitivity analyses, subgroup analyses, and meta-regressions.

Results
Of 1877 search results, 76 studies satisfying eligibility criteria were included. Seventy-two observational studies were included in the meta-analysis (n = 1 976 099). Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency increased the odds of developing COVID-19 (odds ratio [OR] 1.46; 95% CI, 1.28-1.65; P &lt; 0.0001; I2 = 92%), severe disease (OR 1.90; 95% CI, 1.52-2.38; P &lt; 0.0001; I2 = 81%), and death (OR 2.07; 95% CI, 1.28-3.35; P = 0.003; I2 = 73%). The 25-hydroxy vitamin D concentrations were lower in individuals with COVID-19 compared with controls (mean difference [MD] -3.85 ng/mL; 95% CI, -5.44 to -2.26; P ≤ 0.0001), in patients with severe COVID-19 compared with controls with nonsevere COVID-19 (MD -4.84 ng/mL; 95% CI, -7.32 to -2.35; P = 0.0001) and in nonsurvivors compared with survivors (MD -4.80 ng/mL; 95% CI, -7.89 to -1.71; P = 0.002). The association between vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency and death was insignificant when studies with high risk of bias or studies reporting unadjusted effect estimates were excluded. Risk of bias and heterogeneity were high across all analyses. Discrepancies in timing of vitamin D testing, definitions of severe COVID-19, and vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency partly explained the heterogeneity. Four RCTs were widely heterogeneous precluding meta-analysis.

Conclusion
Multiple observational studies involving nearly 2 million adults suggest vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency increases susceptibility to COVID-19 and severe COVID-19, although with a high risk of bias and heterogeneity. Association with mortality was less robust. Heterogeneity in RCTs precluded their meta-analysis.
Identification of Novel Regulatory Regions Induced by Intrauterine Growth Restriction in Rat Islets
Authors: Lien Yu-Chin , Pinney Sara E , Lu Xueqing Maggie , Simmons Rebecca A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) leads to the development of type 2 diabetes in adulthood, and the permanent alterations in gene expression implicate an epigenetic mechanism. Using a rat model of IUGR, we performed TrueSeq-HELP Tagging to assess the association of DNA methylation changes and gene dysregulation in islets. We identified 511 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and 4377 significantly altered single CpG sites. Integrating the methylome and our published transcriptome data sets resulted in the identification of pathways critical for islet function. The identified DMRs were enriched with transcription factor binding motifs, such as Elk1, Etv1, Foxa1, Foxa2, Pax7, Stat3, Hnf1, and AR. In silico analysis of 3-dimensional chromosomal interactions using human pancreas and islet Hi-C data sets identified interactions between 14 highly conserved DMRs and 35 genes with significant expression changes at an early age, many of which persisted in adult islets. In adult islets, there were far more interactions between DMRs and genes with significant expression changes identified with Hi-C, and most of them were critical to islet metabolism and insulin secretion. The methylome was integrated with our published genome-wide histone modification data sets from IUGR islets, resulting in further characterization of important regulatory regions of the genome altered by IUGR containing both significant changes in DNA methylation and specific histone marks. We identified novel regulatory regions in islets after exposure to IUGR, suggesting that epigenetic changes at key transcription factor binding motifs and other gene regulatory regions may contribute to gene dysregulation and an abnormal islet phenotype in IUGR rats.
Topiks im Deutschen und Italienischen
Authors: Cognola Federica , Moroni Manuela Caterina 
Published: December 2021

The aim of this paper is i) to investigate the distribution of different topic types in the highest portion (found above valutative adverbs such as glücklicherweise and leider, Cinque 1999) of the German Mittelfeld, i. e. the clause portion found between the finite and non-finite verb forms (Satzklammer), and ii) to compare it with the distribution of topics within the Italian left periphery, i. e. the area found above the finite verb where operators, focalised and topicalised constructions are hosted (Rizzi 1997; Benincà 1988, 2001). Based on a corpus of written and oral German data collected through the DeReKO and the FOLK Databases, we show that in German i) in both written and oral examples a single topic belonging to all topic classes can appear in the highest portion of the Mittelfeld (as proposed by Frascarelli/Hinterhölzl 2007), ii) and that multiple topics are restricted to written texts and appear with the fixed order “Aboutness Topic > Familiar Topic; Aboutness Topic > Contrast Topic”. We compare the distribution of topics above valutative adverbs in German with the distribution of topics in the Italian left periphery. We show that the two languages share the fact that multiple topics are possible, with the difference that i) three topics can appear in the Italian left periphery in the order Aboutness Topic > Contrast Topic > Familiar Topic whereas only sequences of two topics are attested in German; ii) the sentence-initial position functions as an “extra” position for topics in German but not in Italian due to the V2 nature of the former language; iii) the presence of multiple topics in the left periphery is restricted to oral or informal texts in Italian and it is a typical trait of colloquial/informal language, whereas the availability of multiple topics in the German Mittefeld is restricted to written/formal texts and can thus be seen as a written/formal trait.
Die Größe ‚Gewicht‘ im deutsch-italienischen Sprachvergleich
Authors: Bukies Gudrun 
Published: December 2021

The topic of this article is ‘weight’ in the German-Italian language comparison. Which linguistic means are used to refer to weight in German (Gewicht) and what are the Italian equivalents? The material which has been collected is based on monolingual German and Italian dictionaries, reference works and text corpora as well as on bilingual German-Italian dictionaries and text excerpts.
The classification of the so-called weight designations including derivatives, composites and word combinations is carried out from an etymological and lexical perspective. In addition to the dictionary entries, German-Italian translation examples show further equivalents of terms and expressions with regards to ‘weight’ in this language pair.
The Routledge Companion to Local Media and Journalism, Agnes Gulyas and David Baines (eds) (2020)
Authors: Nelmes Andy 
Published: December 2021

Review of: The Routledge Companion to Local Media and Journalism, Agnes Gulyas and David Baines (eds) (2020)
Abingdon and New York: Routledge, 522 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-81537-536-4, h/bk, £152.00