bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early protein intake predicts functional connectivity and neurocognition in preterm born children
Authors: Duerden Emma G. , Thompson Benjamin , Poppe Tanya , Alsweiler Jane , Gamble Greg , Jiang Yannan , Leung Myra , Tottman Anna C. , Wouldes Trecia , Miller Steven P. , Harding Jane E. ,   PIANO study group, Alsweiler Jane M. , Biggs Janene B. , Bevan Coila , Black Joanna M. , Bloomfield Frank H. , Fredell Kelly , Gamble Greg D. , Harding Jane E. , Huth Sabine , Jiang Yannan , Kevan Christine , Leung Myra , Phillips Geraint , Poppe Tanya , Rogers Jennifer A. , Stewart Heather , Thompson Benjamin S. , Tottman Anna C. , Williamson Kathryn A. , Wouldes Trecia A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractNutritional intake can promote early neonatal brain development in very preterm born neonates (< 32 weeks’ gestation). In a group of 7-year-old very preterm born children followed since birth, we examined whether early nutrient intake in the first weeks of life would be associated with long-term brain function and neurocognitive skills at school age. Children underwent resting-state functional MRI (fMRI), intelligence testing (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, 5th Ed) and visual-motor processing (Beery-Buktenica, 5th Ed) at 7 years. Relationships were assessed between neonatal macronutrient intakes, functional connectivity strength between thalamic and default mode networks (DMN), and neuro-cognitive function using multivariable regression. Greater functional connectivity strength between thalamic networks and DMN was associated with greater intake of protein in the first week (β = 0.17; 95% CI 0.11, 0.23, p < 0.001) but lower intakes of fat (β = − 0.06; 95% CI − 0.09, − 0.02, p = 0.001) and carbohydrates (β = − 0.03; 95% CI − 0.04, − 0.01, p = 0.003). Connectivity strength was also associated with protein intake during the first month (β = 0.22; 95% CI 0.06, 0.37, p = 0.006). Importantly, greater thalamic-DMN connectivity strength was associated with higher processing speed indices (β = 26.9; 95% CI 4.21, 49.49, p = 0.02) and visual processing scores (β = 9.03; 95% CI 2.27, 15.79, p = 0.009). Optimizing early protein intake may contribute to promoting long-term brain health in preterm-born children.
YBX2 and cancer testis antigen 45 contribute to stemness, chemoresistance and a high degree of malignancy in human endometrial cancer
Authors: Suzuki Izumi , Yoshida Sachiko , Tabu Kouichi , Kusunoki Soshi , Matsumura Yumiko , Izumi Hiroto , Asanoma Kazuo , Yagi Hiroshi , Onoyama Ichiro , Sonoda Kenzo , Kohno Kimitoshi , Taga Tetsuya , Itakura Atsuo , Takeda Satoru , Kato Kiyoko 
Published: February 2021

AbstractY-box binding protein 2 (YBX2) has been associated with the properties of both germ cells and cancer cells. We hypothesized that YBX2 might contribute to the characteristics of cancer stem cells (CSCs). In this study, we clarified the function of YBX2 in endometrial cancer stem cells. We established a human YBX2-expressing Ishikawa (IK) cell line (IK-YBX2 cells). We analyzed gene expression associated with stemness and isolated SP cells from IK-YBX2 cells. The SP population of IK-YBX2 cells, the expression ofALDH1and serial sphere-forming capacity were associated with levels of YBX2 expression. IK-YBX2 cells were resistant to anti-cancer drugs. In gene expression analysis, a gene for cancer testis antigen,CT45, was generally overexpressed in IK-YBX2 cells. YBX2-mediated CT45 expression was associated with increased levels of self-renewal capacity and paclitaxel resistance. The level of CT45 expression was enhanced in high-grade and/or advanced stages of human endometrial cancer tissues. We conclude that expression of YBX2 is essential for the stem cell-like phenotype. CT45 contributes to stemness associated with YBX2 and might be related to the progression of endometrial cancer.
Evaluation of the ex vivo liver viability using a nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation time-based assay in a porcine machine perfusion model
Authors: OuYang Qing , Liang Guohai , Tan Xiaoyu , He Xiran , Zhang Lin , Kuang Weijian , Chen Jianxiong , Wang Shaoping , Liang Mingju , Huo Feng 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThere is a dearth of effective parameters for selecting potentially transplantable liver grafts from expanded-criteria donors. In this study, we used a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation analyzer-based assay to assess the viability of ex vivo livers obtained via porcine donation after circulatory death (DCD). Ex situ normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) was utilized as a platform for viability test of porcine DCD donor livers. A liver-targeted contrast agent, gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA), was injected into the perfusate during NMP, and the dynamic biliary excretion of the Gd-EOB-DTPA was monitored by measuring the longitudinal relaxation time (T1). The longitudinal relaxation rate (R1) of the bile was served as a parameter. The delay of increase in biliary R1 during early stage of NMP indicated the impaired function of liver grafts in both warm and cold ischemia injury, which was correlated with the change of alanine aminotransferase. The preservative superiority in cold ischemia of dual hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion could also be verified by assessing biliary R1 and other biochemical parameters. This study allows for the dynamic assessment of the viability of porcine DCD donor livers by combined usage of ex situ NMP and NMR relaxation time based assay, which lays a foundation for further clinical application.
Effect of noisy galvanic vestibular stimulation on dynamic posture sway under visual deprivation in patients with bilateral vestibular hypofunction
Authors: Chen Po-Yin , Jheng Ying-Chun , Wang Chien-Chih , Huang Shih-En , Yang Ting-Hua , Hsu Po-Cheng , Kuo Chia-Hua , Lin Yi-Ying , Lai Wei-Yi , Kao Chung-Lan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA single-blind study to investigate the effects of noisy galvanic vestibular stimulation (nGVS) in straight walking and 2 Hz head yaw walking for healthy and bilateral vestibular hypofunction (BVH) participants in light and dark conditions. The optimal stimulation intensity for each participant was determined by calculating standing stability on a force plate while randomly applying six graded nGVS intensities (0–1000 µA). The chest–pelvic (C/P) ratio and lateral deviation of the center of mass (COM) were measured by motion capture during straight and 2 Hz head yaw walking in light and dark conditions. Participants were blinded to nGVS served randomly and imperceivably. Ten BVH patients and 16 healthy participants completed all trials. In the light condition, the COM lateral deviation significantly decreased only in straight walking (p = 0.037) with nGVS for the BVH. In the dark condition, both healthy (p = 0.026) and BVH (p = 0.017) exhibited decreased lateral deviation during nGVS. The C/P ratio decreased significantly in BVH for 2 Hz head yaw walking with nGVS (p = 0.005) in light conditions. This study demonstrated that nGVS effectively reduced walking deviations, especially in visual deprived condition for the BVH. Applying nGVS with different head rotation frequencies and light exposure levels may accelerate the rehabilitation process for patients with BVH.Clinical Trial RegistrationThis clinical trial was prospectively registered atwww.clinicaltrials.govwith the Unique identifier: NCT03554941. Date of registration: (13/06/2018).
Extraction of ingredients from tea leaves using oxidative enzymatic reaction and optimization of extraction conditions
Authors: Pelalak Rasool , Khan Afrasyab , Zare Masoud Habibi , Sadeghi Mohammad Hasan , Marjani Azam 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPeroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) are used as biocatalyst in many processes such as oxidization reactions, wastewater treatment, phenol synthesis and so on. The purpose of current study is enzymes extraction from biomass (tea leaves) as well as evaluation of their activation. Different parameters including temperature, buffer concentration, buffer type, buffer/tea leaves ratio, addition of high molecular weight polymers and emulsifiers, and pH were optimized in order to obtain the highest enzymes activity. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) procedure is employed for statistical analysis of enzymes extraction. It is understood from the result that PPO and POD possess the highest activity at temperatures of 25 °C and 50 °C, pH 7 and 5, buffer molarity of 0.1, and 0.05, buffer/tea leaves ratio = 5 for both, contact time = 20 min and 10 min, and presence of 6% and 3% PVP, 5% and 0% Tween 80 for PPO and POD, respectively. Amounts of highest activity for PPO and POD biocatalysts were calculated 0.42 U/mL and 0.025493 U/mL, respectively. Moreover, the entire inactivation of PPO took place after 30 min at 40 °C and 60 °C and 20 min at 80 °C. However, POD lost 35% of its activity after 30 min at 40 °C and 60 °C. The amount of 6% POD activity was kept after 45 min at 80 °C. Generally, it was indicated that POD was more resistant to thermal treatment than PPO.
Vibrational resonant inelastic X-ray scattering in liquid acetic acid: a ruler for molecular chain lengths
Authors: Savchenko Viktoriia , Brumboiu Iulia Emilia , Kimberg Victor , Odelius Michael , Krasnov Pavel , Liu Ji-Cai , Rubensson Jan-Erik , Björneholm Olle , Såthe Conny , Gråsjö Johan , Dong Minjie , Pietzsch Annette , Föhlisch Alexander , Schmitt Thorsten , McNally Daniel , Lu Xingye , Polyutov Sergey P. , Norman Patrick , Iannuzzi Marcella , Gel’mukhanov Faris , Ekholm Victor 
Published: February 2021

AbstractQuenching of vibrational excitations in resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) spectra of liquid acetic acid is observed. At the oxygen core resonance associated with localized excitations at the O–H bond, the spectra lack the typical progression of vibrational excitations observed in RIXS spectra of comparable systems. We interpret this phenomenon as due to strong rehybridization of the unoccupied molecular orbitals as a result of hydrogen bonding, which however cannot be observed in x-ray absorption but only by means of RIXS. This allows us to address the molecular structure of the liquid, and to determine a lower limit for the average molecular chain length.
Molecular function recognition by supervised projection pursuit machine learning
Authors: Grear Tyler , Avery Chris , Patterson John , Jacobs Donald J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIdentifying mechanisms that control molecular function is a significant challenge in pharmaceutical science and molecular engineering. Here, we present a novel projection pursuit recurrent neural network to identify functional mechanisms in the context of iterative supervised machine learning for discovery-based design optimization. Molecular function recognition is achieved by pairing experiments that categorize systems with digital twin molecular dynamics simulations to generate working hypotheses. Feature extraction decomposes emergent properties of a system into a complete set of basis vectors. Feature selection requires signal-to-noise, statistical significance, and clustering quality to concurrently surpass acceptance levels. Formulated as a multivariate description of differences and similarities between systems, the data-driven working hypothesis is refined by analyzing new systems prioritized by a discovery-likelihood. Utility and generality are demonstrated on several benchmarks, including the elucidation of antibiotic resistance in TEM-52 beta-lactamase. The software is freely available, enabling turnkey analysis of massive data streams found in computational biology and material science.
Wide-field fluorescent nanodiamond spin measurements toward real-time large-area intracellular thermometry
Authors: Nishimura Yushi , Oshimi Keisuke , Umehara Yumi , Kumon Yuka , Miyaji Kazu , Yukawa Hiroshi , Shikano Yutaka , Matsubara Tsutomu , Fujiwara Masazumi , Baba Yoshinobu , Teki Yoshio 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMeasuring optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) of diamond nitrogen vacancy centers significantly depends on the photon detectors used. We study camera-based wide-field ODMR measurements to examine the performance in thermometry by comparing the results to those of the confocal-based ODMR detection. We show that the temperature sensitivity of the camera-based measurements can be as high as that of the confocal detection and that possible artifacts of the ODMR shift are produced owing to the complexity of the camera-based measurements. Although measurements from wide-field ODMR of nanodiamonds in living cells can provide temperature precisions consistent with those of confocal detection, the technique requires the integration of rapid ODMR measurement protocols for better precisions. Our results can aid the development of camera-based real-time large-area spin-based thermometry of living cells.
Efficacy and safety of liver support devices in acute and hyperacute liver failure: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Kanjo Anna , Ocskay Klementina , Gede Noémi , Kiss Szabolcs , Szakács Zsolt , Párniczky Andrea , Mitzner Steffen , Stange Jan , Hegyi Péter , Molnár Zsolt 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAcute liver failure (ALF) is a potentially life-threatening condition. Liver support therapies can be applied as a bridging-to-transplantation or bridging-to-recovery; however, results of clinical trials are controversial. Our aim was to compare liver support systems in acute and hyperacute liver failure with network meta-analysis. After systematic search, randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing liver support therapies in adults with acute or hyperacute liver failure were included. In-hospital mortality was the primary outcome, the secondary outcomes were hepatic encephalopathy and mortality-by-aetiology. A Bayesian-method was used to perform network meta-analysis and calculate surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) values to rank interventions. Eleven RCTs were included. BioLogic-DT and molecular adsorbent recirculating system (MARS) resulted in the lowest mortality (SUCRAs: 76% and 73%, respectively). In non-paracetamol-poisoned patients, BioLogic-DT, charcoal hemoperfusion and MARS may be equally efficient regarding mortality (SUCRAs: 53%, 52% and 52%, respectively). Considering hepatic encephalopathy, extracorporeal liver assist device (ELAD) may be the most effective option (SUCRA: 78%). However, in pairwise meta-analysis, there were no statistically significant differences between the interventions in the outcomes. In conclusion, MARS therapy seems to be the best available option in reducing mortality. Further research is needed on currently available and new therapeutic modalities. (CRD42020160133).
Simple low dose radiography allows precise lung volume assessment in mice
Authors: Khan Amara , Markus Andrea , Rittmann Thomas , Albers Jonas , Alves Frauke , Hülsmann Swen , Dullin Christian 
Published: February 2021

AbstractX-ray based lung function (XLF) as a planar method uses dramatically less X-ray dose than computed tomography (CT) but so far lacked the ability to relate its parameters to pulmonary air volume. The purpose of this study was to calibrate the functional constituents of XLF that are biomedically decipherable and directly comparable to that of micro-CT and whole-body plethysmography (WBP). Here, we developed a unique set-up for simultaneous assessment of lung function and volume using XLF, micro-CT and WBP on healthy mice. Our results reveal a strong correlation of lung volumes obtained from radiographic XLF and micro-CT and demonstrate that XLF is superior to WBP in sensitivity and precision to assess lung volumes. Importantly, XLF measurement uses only a fraction of the radiation dose and acquisition time required for CT. Therefore, the redefined XLF approach is a promising tool for preclinical longitudinal studies with a substantial potential of clinical translation.
Hidden by bias: how standard psychophysical procedures conceal crucial aspects of peripheral visual appearance
Authors: Yildirim Fazilet Zeynep , Coates Daniel R. , Sayim Bilge 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe perception of a target depends on other stimuli surrounding it in time and space. This contextual modulation is ubiquitous in visual perception, and is usually quantified by measuring performance on sets of highly similar stimuli. Implicit or explicit comparisons among the stimuli may, however, inadvertently bias responses and conceal strong variability of target appearance. Here, we investigated the influence of contextual stimuli on the perception of a repeating pattern (a line triplet), presented in the visual periphery. In the neutral condition, the triplet was presented a single time to capture its minimally biased perception. In the similar and dissimilar conditions, it was presented within stimulus sets composed of lines similar to the triplet, and distinct shapes, respectively. The majority of observers reported perceiving a line pair in the neutral and dissimilar conditions, revealing ‘redundancy masking’, the reduction of the perceived number of repeating items. In the similar condition, by contrast, the number of lines was overestimated. Our results show that the similar context did not reveal redundancy masking which was only observed in the neutral and dissimilar context. We suggest that the influence of contextual stimuli has inadvertently concealed this crucial aspect of peripheral appearance.
Development and validation of a one-step reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) for rapid detection of ZIKV in patient samples from Brazil
Authors: da Silva Severino Jefferson Ribeiro , Pardee Keith , Balasuriya Udeni B. R. , Pena Lindomar 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe have previously developed and validated a one-step assay based on reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) for rapid detection of the Zika virus (ZIKV) from mosquito samples. Patient diagnosis of ZIKV is currently carried out in centralized laboratories using the reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), which, while the gold standard molecular method, has several drawbacks for use in remote and low-resource settings, such as high cost and the need of specialized equipment. Point-of-care (POC) diagnostic platforms have the potential to overcome these limitations, especially in low-resource countries where ZIKV is endemic. With this in mind, here we optimized and validated our RT-LAMP assay for rapid detection of ZIKV from patient samples. We found that the assay detected ZIKV from diverse sample types (serum, urine, saliva, and semen) in as little as 20 min, without RNA extraction. The RT-LAMP assay was highly specific and up to 100 times more sensitive than RT-qPCR. We then validated the assay using 100 patient serum samples collected from suspected cases of arbovirus infection in the state of Pernambuco, which was at the epicenter of the last Zika epidemic. Analysis of the results, in comparison to RT-qPCR, found that the ZIKV RT-LAMP assay provided sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 93.75%, and an overall accuracy of 95.00%. Taken together, the RT-LAMP assay provides a straightforward and inexpensive alternative for the diagnosis of ZIKV from patients and has the potential to increase diagnostic capacity in ZIKV-affected areas, particularly in low and middle-income countries.
Positive effects of COVID-19 lockdown on air quality of industrial cities (Ankleshwar and Vapi) of Western India
Authors: Nigam Ritwik , Pandya Kanvi , Luis Alvarinho J. , Sengupta Raja , Kotha Mahender 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOn January 30, 2020, India recorded its first COVID-19 positive case in Kerala, which was followed by a nationwide lockdown extended in four different phases from 25th March to 31st May, 2020, and an unlock period thereafter. The lockdown has led to colossal economic loss to India; however, it has come as a respite to the environment. Utilizing the air quality index (AQI) data recorded during this adverse time, the present study is undertaken to assess the impact of lockdown on the air quality of Ankleshwar and Vapi, Gujarat, India. The AQI data obtained from the Central Pollution Control Board was assessed for four lockdown phases. We compared air quality data for the unlock phase with a coinciding period in 2019 to determine the changes in pollutant concentrations during the lockdown, analyzing daily AQI data for six pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, CO, NO2, O3, and SO2). A meta-analysis of continuous data was performed to determine the mean and standard deviation of each lockdown phase, and their differences were computed in percentage in comparison to 2019; along with the linear correlation analysis and linear regression analysis to determine the relationship among the air pollutants and their trend for the lockdown days. The results revealed different patterns of gradual to a rapid reduction in most of the pollutant concentrations (PM10, PM2.5, CO, SO2), and an increment in ozone concentration was observed due to a drastic reduction in NO2 by 80.18%. Later, increases in other pollutants were also observed as the restrictions were eased during phase-4 and unlock 1. The comparison between the two cities found that factors like distance from the Arabian coast and different industrial setups played a vital role in different emission trends.
Hierarchical modeling of mechano-chemical dynamics of epithelial sheets across cells and tissue
Authors: Asakura Yoshifumi , Kondo Yohei , Aoki Kazuhiro , Naoki Honda 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCollective cell migration is a fundamental process in embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. This is a macroscopic population-level phenomenon that emerges across hierarchy from microscopic cell-cell interactions; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we addressed this issue by focusing on epithelial collective cell migration, driven by the mechanical force regulated by chemical signals of traveling ERK activation waves, observed in wound healing. We propose a hierarchical mathematical framework for understanding how cells are orchestrated through mechanochemical cell-cell interaction. In this framework, we mathematically transformed a particle-based model at the cellular level into a continuum model at the tissue level. The continuum model described relationships between cell migration and mechanochemical variables, namely, ERK activity gradients, cell density, and velocity field, which could be compared with live-cell imaging data. Through numerical simulations, the continuum model recapitulated the ERK wave-induced collective cell migration in wound healing. We also numerically confirmed a consistency between these two models. Thus, our hierarchical approach offers a new theoretical platform to reveal a causality between macroscopic tissue-level and microscopic cellular-level phenomena. Furthermore, our model is also capable of deriving a theoretical insight on both of mechanical and chemical signals, in the causality of tissue and cellular dynamics.