bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical global citizenship
Authors: Mansouri Fethi , Johns Amelia , Marotta Vince 
Published: June 2021

This introductory paper to our first issue provides reflection on the concept of critical global citizenship at both theoretical and practical levels. We maintain that ‘citizenship’, irrespective of its level of articulation (i.e. national, international, global, etc.) remains an issue that reflects a status, a feeling and practices that are intrinsically interlinked. As a legal status, formal citizenship allows individuals to form a sense of belonging within a political community and, therefore, empowers them to act and perform their citizenship within the spatial domains of the nation-state. Critical global citizenship, asks these same individuals not so much to neglect these notions of belonging and practice to a particular locale, but to extend such affinities beyond the territorial boundaries of their formal national membership and to think critically and ethically about their local, national and global relationship with those who are different from themselves. Making a case for a critical global citizenship, however, also requires acknowledging material inequalities that affect the most vulnerable (i.e. migrants, asylum seekers, those experiencing poverty, etc.) and which mean that efforts to cultivate global citizenship orientations to address social injustice are not enacted on an even playing field. As such, a critical global citizenship approach espouses a performative citizenship that is at once democratic and ethical, as well as being aimed at achieving social peace and sustainable justice, but which is also affected by material conditions of inequality that require political solutions and commitment from individuals, states, non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and civil society organisations.1
1 This article is based on F. Mansouri (2014), ‘The Global Citizenship Project: From Words to Action’, published by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. © UNESCO, Paris
Religion and culture in Europe
Authors: Morris Paul 
Published: June 2021

Is religion simply a part of culture? Can religious diversity be managed as a subset of intercultural diversity? This article explores intercultural dialogue and its relationship to “religion’ in the policies, documents and debates of the European Community. The argument is advanced that religious realities and concerns are misconstrued when religion is subsumed into culture. Religion needs to be historically and conceptually rethought and that for cultural and religious diversities to be skillfully managed in the interests of social solidarity and positive intercommunal relations both need to be addressed discretely and in tandem.1
1An earlier version of this paper appeared in Mansouri (2017), 145-170
The Mechanical Analysis of Dynamic Disturbance and Static Stress under Different Mining Methods
Authors: Yang Zengqiang , Liu Chang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In order to study the occurrence mechanism of rock-burst accidents under different mining methods, the overburden structural characteristics during long-wall face mining period were studied in detail, and the Elastic Foundation Beam theory was used to analyze the dynamic disturbance and static stress under different mining methods. The results show that, the deflection of the main roof and the composite beam can be calculate and then the energy of them contained; due to the difficult for gangues to support the fractured main roof, the scope of caved overburden is largest and the coal seam share the largest volume of the hanging overburden; the large cutting height mining have the max the concentration coefficient and the thin seam or the top slice mining have the min the concentration coefficient; the structural characteristics of near field key strata largely depend on caving height of the gob, and the deflection and the weighting interval of the main roof changes with variation of mining methods, and then their energy released. Above all, it can be conclude that mining method has large impact on dynamic disturbance induced by the main roof, and further analysis indicate that the structural characteristics of both far field and near field key strata under different mining methods lead to this difference; the mining depth, the proportion coefficient, the tensile strength of the main roof, the main roof’s thickness have large impact on the deflection of the beam and energy released by the main roof and the composite beam, and the elasticity modulus of the main roof, the blank space height in a voussior beam structure have little impact on the deflection and energy released.
High-sensitivity temperature sensor based on photonic crystal fiber fully coated with gold and PDMS films.
Authors: feng yuhui , li shuguang , li hongyu , meng xiaojian , li mengqiang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper presented a high-sensitivity temperature sensor based on photonic crystal fiber fully coated with gold and PDMS films. For the convenience of production, gold film is coated outside the fiber cladding, and it is used to excite the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect. In addition, the temperature response has been effectively improved by depositing poly-dimethylsiloxane (PDMS) layer outside the gold film. This fully coated structure on the outside of PCF enables temperature-sensitive medium to be in direct contact with the environment, which reduces the difficulty of internal coating and filling. The influences of the parameters on the sensing characteristics are investigated by using the finite element method (FEM). Simulation results show that the average temperature sensitivity is up to 9.287 nm/℃ in the range of -20℃-40℃. Moreover, compared with other designs, the optimized process of structure in this study provides an effective method, which shows a wide application prospect to overcome the difficulty of filling liquid in the air holes.
In silico analysis to link insulin resistance, obesity, and ageing with Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Sarkar Priyanka , Jayaraj Premkumar , Patwardhan Ketaki , Yeole Samiksha , Das Sourajit , Somaiya Yash , Desikan Rajagopal , Thirumurugan Kavitha 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The process of ageing accompanies several metabolic diseases. With ageing, fats accumulate to increase the visceral and abdominal adiposity leading to hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, obesity and several other diseases. Drosophila melanogaster is often used to study the ageing process and its related disorders. Therefore in this study, we performed an in silico analysis to relate the process of ageing and insulin resistance. We analyzed data of insulin resistant drosophila from GEO database and compared it with the data from the literature survey. We observed that 98 genes were common in both the models, and they showed gene modulations related to metabolic pathways, fatty acid metabolism, insulin resistance, and neural receptor-ligand binding pathways. Analysis of the REACTOME database against human data revealed that TRKB signalling pathway is commonly affected. TRKB mediated BDNF pathway is a major regulator of memory loss. We further analyzed the common genes in Alzheimer's disease and compared the fly data with human data to identify the diseases related to these common genes. Then we performed a literature survey to provide protective mechanisms for TRKB signalling pathway activation, mediated through polyphenols. We treated the flies with sesamol conjugated lipoic acid derivative (a phenolic compound) at hormetic doses to evaluate its effect on the memory of flies.
Archaeal and bacterial diversity and distribution patterns in Mediterranean vernal pools of Mexico and the western USA
Authors: Montiel-Molina Jorge A Mandussi , Sexton Jason P , Frank A Carolin , Beman Michael J 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Biogeographic patterns in microorganisms are poorly understood, despite the importance of microbial communities for a range of ecosystem processes. Our knowledge of microbial ecology and biogeography is particularly deficient in rare and threatened ecosystems. We tested for three ecological patterns in microbial diversity and community composition within ephemeral wetlands—vernal pools—located across Baja California (Mexico) and California (USA): 1) habitat filtering; 2) a latitudinal diversity gradient; and 3) distance-decay in community composition. Paired water and soil samples were collected along a latitudinal transect of vernal pools, and bacterial and archaeal communities were characterized using 16S rDNA sequencing. We identified two distinct microbial communities, with one community present in the soil matrix that included archaeal and bacterial soil taxa, and another community present in the overlying water that was dominated by common freshwater bacterial taxa. Aquatic microbial communities were more diverse in the north and displayed a significant but inverted latitudinal diversity pattern. Aquatic communities also exhibited a significant distance-decay pattern, with geographic proximity explaining 9%, and precipitation explaining 16% of community variation. Collectively these results indicate greater sensitivity to spatial and environmental variation in vernal pool aquatic microbial communities than in soil microbial communities. We conclude that vernal pool aquatic microbial communities can display distribution patterns similar to those exhibited by larger organisms, but differ in some key aspects, such as the latitudinal gradient in diversity.
Efficacy and Safety of Telbivudine in Preventing Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus
Authors: Chen Tongtong , Xiao Yunlei , Zhao Chun , Chen Xiaoxian , Liu Shourong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: To define the best timing for the treatment of high maternal viral DNA levels in order to block the mother-to-child transmission (MTCT).Methods: From a total of 820 HBsAg-positive pregnant women, 229 who satisfied the selection criteria were enrolled for the final analysis. These patients were divided into thress groups: Group A: 62 patients received telbivudine (LdT) (600 mg/day, orally) treatment before pregnant; Group B: 101 patients received LdT treatment at 24-28 weeks of gestation; and Group C: 66 patienst with high viral load received LdT at the third trimester. All infants born to the enrolled women were vaccinated with 100 IU of hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and 10 μg of hepatitis B vaccine within 2 hours of birth. The second and third does of recombinant HBV vaccine were administered at 1 and 6 months of age, respectively.Results: LdT can effectively reduce serum HBV DNA and normalize ALT levels before delivery (p<0.001). The HBsAg positivity rate in infants in Groups A, B and C after delivery was 1.6%, 7.9% and 3.0%, respectively. The serum HBV DNA positivity rate in infants in Groups A, B and C after delivery was 4.8%, 5.0% and 0%, respectively. After 28 weeks of follow up, all infants remained HBV DNA and/or HBSag negative. No serious adverse events were found in the mothers or their infants treated with LdT.Conclusions: Telbivudine (LdT) given at the 28-32 weeks of gestation can effectively reduce mother-to-child transmission in HBV-infected women with good safety.
Resource Utilization of Agricultural Residues: One-Step Preparation of Biochar Derived From Pennisetum Giganteum For Efficiently Removing Chromium From Water In A Wide pH Range
Authors: Chen Yao , C Ping Ning , Miao Rongrong , He Liang , Guan Qingqing 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Biochars derived from agricultural residues, Pennisetum giganteum, were prepared by a one-step activation method after impregnated with H3PO4. The effects of activation temperature and H3PO4 impregnation method on the structure and performance of biochar were investigated. Characterizations such as XPS, FTIR, and N2 adsorption-desorption curves showed that the P-containing biochar prepared by one-step method had a large specific surface area, large pores, and abundant surface functional groups. And, C-P, O-P, C-O, and other groups participated in the adsorption and removal of Cr(VI). Moreover, the target adsorbent has a good effect on Cr removal in a wide range of pH (the removal rate was more than 55.92%, at pH≤9). Interestingly, the changing trend of pH value in the reaction process under different initial pH values proved that the adsorbent itself could regulate the pH of the external solution by providing acid groups, thus keeping the adsorption equilibrium solution in a narrow pH range. In addition, the target adsorbent had excellently selective adsorption capacity and good removal capacity (≥77.4%) after five times of reuse. This work should permit for providing a convenient utilization of Pennisetum giganteum agricultural residues and confirmed that the biochar treated with H3PO4 can remove chromium in a wider pH range through self-regulation.
P38α Deficiency in Macrophages Ameliorates Murine Experimental Colitis by Regulating Inflammation and Immune Process
Authors: Chen Wei , Liang Rui , Yi Youcai , Chen Xiaoyu , Fan Huining , Zhu Jinshui , Zhang Jing 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Introduction: P38α is a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) that mediates inflammatory responses. P38α alterations have been associated with the inflammation-related diseases. However, the role of macrophages-derived p38α in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced murine experimental colitis remains unclear.Objectives: We characterized the role of macrophages-derived p38α in DSS-induced colitis.Methods: The expression of macrophage-derived p38α in human colitis and normal tissues was measured by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis. Macrophage-specific p38α knockout (p38αΔMφ) and wild type (WT) mice administrated by 3% DSS were used to establish experimental colitis. The alterations in inflammatory cytokines, intestinal epithelial barrier, cell proliferation and cell apoptosis between p38αΔMφ and WT groups were determined by IHC, immunofluorescence (IF), TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) and Western blot analyses. The enriched pathways between p38αΔMφ and WT groups were identified by RNA-seq and KEGG analysis. SB203580 and BIRB796 as the p38 MAPK inhibitors were used to treat DSS-induced colitis. Results: p38α was co-localized with CD68 in the cytoplasm and their co-expression indicated an increased level in colitis tissues as compared with the normal tissues. P38α deficiency in macrophages was sufficient to suppress the exacerbated clinical symptoms and inflammation responses in experimental colitis, followed by reducing cytokine release, increasing MUC-2 and Claudin-2 secretion and promoting colonic mucosa repair. Further investigations validated that the immune process-related factors such as Lgals9, Rtp4, Ddx60, Nlrp1b, Hsh2d, Oas2 and Oas3 were upregulated in colon tissues from p38αΔMφ group as compared with the WT group. Inhibition of p38 MAPK attenuated DSS-induced colitis. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that p38α deficiency in macrophages ameliorated murine experimental colitis by regulating inflammation and immune process.
RBM45 Promoted HCC Growth and Metastasis by Stabilizing BCL2 and Twist1 mRNA
Authors: Han Lili , Wang Lin , Wu Fei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The post-transcriptional of mRNA expression involved in the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pathogenesis and progression need to be further explored. RBPs, the main undertaker of post-transcriptional regulatory process, has been shown to impact HCC carcinogenesis and progression. However, the role of RBP, RNA-binding motif 45 (RBM45) in hepatocarcinogenesis and its interaction with its potential target mRNA remains entirely unknown. The expression of RBM45 was significantly increased in HCC and was associated with poor clinicopathological features and clinical outcome of HCC patients. RBM45 promoted HCC cells growth, invasion, migration and EMT in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (RIP-seq) approach was utilized to screen the important differentially expressed RBM45 genes in HCC. Furthermore, RIP assay, pull-down assay and mRNA decay assay were carried out to uncover the effect of RBM45 on its downstream genes. And the results revealed that RBM45 mediated the stabilization of BCL2 and Twist1 mRNA via respectively binding to their 3`UTR. Further assay results suggested RBM45 promoted HCC growth and metastasis upon BCL2 and Twist1. In short, we unveiled a novel role of RBM45 in promoting hepatocarcinogenesis via the post-transcriptional regulation of BCL2 and Twist1 expression. The results proposes that RBM45 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
Exploring the Optimal Design for and Experimentation on a Bowl-Based Mechanism for Transplanting Potted Strawberry Seedlings
Authors: Daqing Yin , Yuchao Yang , Maile Zhou , Mingxu Wei , Jinwu Wang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
To improve the mechanization of strawberry planting integration and the efficiency of fetching and transplanting seedlings, an integrated transplanting mechanism with protruding, fetching and planting is designed. This new device can realize rapid fetching and pushing bowl movements. The working principle of the slewing mechanism is analyzed, a kinematics model of the mechanism is established, and the optimization goal is established. Visual auxiliary analysis software is developed, optimized parameters are established, and the corresponding theoretical trajectory is provided. A three-dimensional model is established and a virtual simulation design analysis is performed to obtain a simulation trajectory. Three-dimensional printing technology is used to manufacture the test prototype, and the actual working trajectory of the test prototype is extracted using high-speed photography technology, which verifies the consistency of the actual trajectory with the theoretical and simulated trajectories. A prototype transplanting experiment is performed, showing that the success rate of seedling extraction is 91.2% and the rate of excellent planting is 82.8%, which meet the requirements for integrated strawberry harvesting, planting and transplanting and verify the correctness and feasibility of the mechanism design.
The Health Risks Of Dysphagia For Patients With Head And Neck Cancer: A Multicentre Prospective Observational Study.
Authors: Cristofaro Maria Giulia , Barca Ida , Ferragina Francesco , Novembrea Daniela , Ferro Yvelise , Pujia Roberta , Montalcini Tiziana 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
It is well known that malnutrition is a frequent co-morbidity in cancer patients, especially in those with head and neck neoplasms. This may be due both to the presence of dysphagia symptoms and to the appearance of adverse effects on Chemotherapy and / or Radiotherapy. The aim of this retrospective observational multicentric study is to evaluate the nutritional status between dysphagia cancer patients and non-dysphagia cancer patients. Data from 60 patients were analysed, 31 of which without dysphagia and 29 with dysphagia. Results highlight that patients with dysphagia had higher involuntary body weight loss than non-dysphagia ones (p < 0.001). By analysing the entire population, it stands out a weight loss rate of 12 ± 9% compared to the usual weight was observed and a prevalence of moderate / severe malnutrition diagnosis of 53%. Furthermore, 76% of the population who manifested the symptom of dysphagia presented severe malnutrition already at the first visit, compared to 32% of non-dysphagia subjects.
Negative Potential Energy Content Analysis in Cracked Rotors Whirl Response
Authors: AL-Shudeifat Mohammad , Alhammadi Fatima 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Appearance of fatigue cracks in rotor systems mainly affects their stiffness content. The stability of such systems at steady-state running is usually analyzed by using the Floquet’s theory. Accordingly, the instability zones of rotational speeds are dominated by negative stiffness content in the whirl response in the vicinity of critical rotational speeds. Consequently, an effective stiffness measure is introduced here to analyze the effect of the crack and the unbalance force vector orientation on the intensity of negative potential and stiffness content in the whirl response. The effective stiffness expression is obtained from the direct integration of the equations of motion of the considered cracked rotor system. The proposed effective stiffness measure is applied for steady-state and transient operations using the Jeffcott rotor model with open and breathing crack models. The intensity of negative potential and stiffness content in the numerical and experimental whirl responses is found to be critically depending on the propagation level of the crack and the unbalance force vector orientation. Therefore, this can be proposed as a crack detection tool in cracked rotor systems that either exhibit recurrent passage through the critical rotational speeds or steady-state running.
Resecting the Dominant Lesion: Patient Outcomes after Surgery and Radiosurgery vs Stand-Alone Radiosurgery in the Setting of Multiple Brain Metastases
Authors: Punchak Maria , Miranda Stephen P , Gutierrez Alexis , Brem Steven , O'Rourke Donald , Lee John YK , Shabason Jacob E. , Petrov Dmitriy 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Brain metastases are the most common central nervous system (CNS) tumors, occurring in 300,000 people per year in the US. The benefit of surgical resection, over radiosurgery, for dominant lesions remains unclear. METHODS: The University of Pennsylvania Health System database was retrospectively reviewed for patients presenting with multiple brain metastases from 1/1/16 to 8/31/18 with one dominant lesion > 2 cm in diameter, who underwent initial treatment with either resection of the dominant lesion or Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKS). Inclusion criteria were age > 18, >1 brain metastasis, and presence of a dominant lesion (>2 cm). We analyzed factors associated with mortality. RESULTS: 129 patients were identified (surgery=84, GKS=45). The median number of intracranial metastases was 3 (IQR: 2-5). The median diameter of the largest lesion was 31 mm (IQR: 25-38) in the surgery group vs 21 mm (IQR: 20-24) in the GKS group (p<0.001). Mortality did not differ between surgery and GKS patients (69.1% vs 77.8%, p = 0.292). In a multivariate survival analysis, there was no difference in mortality between the surgery and GKS cohorts (aHR: 1.35, 95% CI: 0.74-2.45 p=0.32). Pre-operative KPS (aHR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95-0.99, p=0.004), CNS radiotherapy (aHR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.19-0.56 p<0.001), chemotherapy (aHR: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.15-0.47, p<0.001), and immunotherapy (aHR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.25-0.68, p=0.001) were associated with decreased mortality. CONCLUSION: In our institution, patients with multiple brain metastases and one symptomatic dominant lesion demonstrated similar survival after GKS when compared with up-front surgical resection of the dominant lesion.