bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel Methodology for Delivering Putrescine into the Apple Explants Using Hormone Anchored Nanotube
Authors: Abdolalipour Maryam , Eftekhari-Sis Bagher , Motallebi-Azar Alireza , Dadpour Mohammadreza 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Multi wall carbon nanotubes have been successfully exploited as growth regulator for manipulation of plant development. Also, nanoparticles are gradually involved in target delivery systems as the carrier of hormones. Polyamines and their derivations play crucial roles in plant growth and development. Take the mentioned subjects into consideration, putrescine anchored carbon nanotube which had been labeled with fluorescein was synthetized in this study. A set of physiological and morphological parameters were assessed in an attempt to examine the usage potential of de novo synthetized nanotube in terms of plant in-vitro culture. For this purpose, the nanotube was applied onto the in-vitro plantlets of Malus niedzwetzkyana in three concentrations (0, 50 and 100 mg/l). Localization of the nanotube in the plantlets was accomplished using fluorescence microscopy. Bio-imaging of tissues indicated the existence of nanotube in nearly all studied organs. Application of the nanotube at both concentrations (50 and 100 mg/l) increased the rate of leaf formation and speeding up the plastochron. Also, proliferation of the plantlets was enhanced using the nanotube. The levels of the photosynthetic pigments, including chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids increased following application of the nanotube. Glutathione peroxidase activity was significantly affected by the nanotube. However, polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase were not influenced by the nanotube. Stomatal density was increased by treatment of the plantlets with the nanotube. Representing geometrical transformation of shape as a thin plate spline revealed that the nanotube effectively increased longitudinally of stomata and changes their aspect ratio.
Cr(III) and Ni(II) Complexes of Isatin-hydrazone Ligand: Preparation, Characterization, Dft Studies, Biological Activity, and Ion-Flotation Separation of Ni(II)
Authors: Youssef Hany , Abdulhamed Yasir , Yousef Tarek , El-Reash Gaber Abu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In the current work, a ligand N'1-((E)-2-hydroxy-3H-indol-3-ylidene)-N'3-((E)-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)malonohydrazide (H4MDI) and its Cr(III) and Ni(II) complexes have been synthesized and characterized by various conventional methods. For evaluating the optimal ligand structure and its complexes, calculations of DFT were applied. Magnetic measurements inherent to their electronic spectra show that both Cr(III) and Ni(II) chelates have octahedron coordination frameworks. On the other hand, the IR spectral data revealed that the ligand behaves as a binegtive hexadentate in [Cr2(H2MDI)(H2O)2Cl4] and as a tetranegative hexadentate in [Ni2(MDI)(H2O)6].4H2O. In addition, the behavior of thermal decomposition for prepared complexes was discussed. Two comparable methods (Coats-Redfern and Horowitz-Metzger) were used to calculate the kinetic parameters of the resulted thermal decomposition stages. Furthermore, the ion-flotation process was used for the separation of Ni(II) from aqueous media via the prepared ligand as a chelating agent and oleic acid as a surfactant. Moreover, the antimicrobial behavior of the synthesized moieties was investigated against various bacterial and fungal strains. H4MDI has the most activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.78 µg/mL for both E. coli, and C. Albicans, while Ni(II) complex shows the activity against S. aureus, E. coli, and C. Albicans with MIC of 2.34, 4.68, and 1.17 µg/mL, respectively. Finally, the in-vitro cytotoxic activity of the prepared compounds against hepatocellular carcinoma human tumor cells (HePG-2) has been examined, and revealed that H4MDI and its Ni(II) complex show very strong activity against HePG-2 with IC50 of 9.7 and 7.7 µmol/L, respectively.
Research on the Influence of Non-Stationary and Non-Gaussian Random Excitation on Structural Response Kurtosis
Authors: Zeng Xin , Jiang Yu , Lei Wuyang , Fan Zhengwei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The stationary gaussian hypothesis is usually used to estimate the vibration fatigue life of structures. However, in actual engineering, the dynamic response of the structure usually exhibits non-stationary and non-gaussian, especially under harsh working condition or changing environment. The structural vibration fatigue life is closely related to the dynamic response characteristics, especially with respect to the structural response kurtosis used to characterize the non-Gaussian characteristics. In this paper, the influence of non-stationary and non-Gaussian random excitation on structural response kurtosis was studied by means of simulation and experiment. Firstly, by the means of simulating, the transmission law of excitation-response kurtosis was studied from three aspects, including system damping ratio, excitation frequency bandwidth, and excitation non-stationary characteristics. Then, the response kurtosis law was verified by the test results of cantilever vibration stress response. The results show that when the excitation is a stationary gaussian random load, the damping ratio and the excitation frequency bandwidth have no effect on the response kurtosis, and the response is approximately Gaussian distribution. When the excitation is stationary non-gaussian and non-stationary non-gaussian random load, if the damping ratio of the system is large, the response kurtosis is mainly affected by the damping ratio; If the damping ratio of the system is small, the frequency bandwidth and non-stationarity of the excitation have significant effects on the response kurtosis. The research results can provide support for predicting the vibration response and fatigue life of engineering structures under complex non-stationary non-gaussian random loads.
Surgical Outcomes in the Pheochromocytoma Surgery. Results From the PHEO-RISK STUDY.
Authors: Araujo-Castro Marta , Centero Rogelio García , López-García María-Carmen , Escolá Cristina Álvarez , Gutiérrez María Calatayud , Carrera Concepción Blanco , Novoa Paz De Miguel , Gallego Nuria Valdés , Hanzu Felicia Alexandra , Gimeno Paola Gracia , Fernández-Ladreda Mariana Tomé , Hualpa  , Porta Mireia Mora , Álvaro Javier Lorca , Pian Héctor , Ruz-Caracuel Ignacio , Dehesa Alfonso Sanjuanbenito , Santos Victoria Gómez Dos , Romero Ana Serrano , Oliveira Cristina Lamas 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To identify presurgical and surgical risk factors for postsurgical complications in the pheochromocytoma surgery.Methods: A retrospective study of pheochromocytomas submitted to surgery in ten Spanish hospitals between 2011 and 2021. Postoperative complications were classified according to Clavien-Dindo scale.Results: One hundred and sixty-two surgeries (159 patients) were included. Preoperative antihypertensive blockade was performed in 95.1% of the patients, being doxazosin in monotherapy (43.8%) the most frequent regimen. Patients pre-treated with doxazosin required intraoperative hypotensive treatment more frequently (49.4% vs 25.0%, P=0.003) than patients treated with phenoxybenzamine, but no differences in the rate of intraoperative and postsurgical complications were observed. However, patients treated with phenoxybenzamine had a longer hospital stay (12.2±11.16 vs 6.2±6.82, P<0.001) than those treated with doxazosin. Hypertension resolution was observed in 78.7% and biochemical cure in 96.6% of the patients. Thirty-one patients (19.1%) had postsurgical complications. Prolonged hypotension was the most common, in 9.9% (n=16), followed by hypoglycaemia in 6 patients and acute renal failure in 4 patients. 13.0% of complications had a score ≥3 in the Clavien-Dindo scale. Postsurgical complications were more common in in patients with diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, higher plasma glucose levels, higher urinary free metanephrine and norepinephrine, and with pheochromocytomas larger than 5 cm.Conclusion: Preoperative medical treatment and postsurgical monitoring of pheochromocytoma should be especially careful in patients with diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, higher levels of plasma glucose and urine free metanephrine and norepinephrine, and with pheochromocytomas >5 cm, due to the higher risk of postsurgical complications.
Identification of Metabolic Pathway Dysregulation in Diabetic Retinopathy: A Propensity Score-Matched Metabolomic Study
Authors: Guo Chengnan , Jiang Depeng , Xu Yixi , Peng Fang , Zhao Shuzhen , Li Huihui , Jin Dongzhen , Xu Xin , Xia Zhezheng , Che Mingzhu , Lai Mengyuan , Huang Ruogu , Zheng Chao , Mao Guangyun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major diabetes-related disease linked to metabolism. However, scientifically assessment of serum metabolic alterations in DR is scarce. We aimed to investigate the changes in metabolic coregulation from type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM) to DR and identify corresponding metabolite predictors via a widely targeted metabolomics approach.Methods In this case-control study, we tested 613 serum metabolites in 69 pairs of T2DM with DR (case) and propensity score-matched T2DM without DR (control) utilizing the ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry system. The discrimination capability of differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) in DR identification was also evaluated using a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression-based linear support vector machine (SVM) classifier. Metabolic pathway dysregulation in DR were comprehensively investigated by metabolic pathway analysis, chemical similarity enrichment analysis and MetaMapp approaches.Results A total of 89 DEMs were identified after paired univariate analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis. The linear-SVM model based on LASSO regression selected DEMs had an excellent discrimination with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) as 0.99 (95% confidence interval: 0.95, 1.00). The biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), thiamine metabolism, amino acids (mainly glycine, serine and threonine metabolism), hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE), disaccharides, indoles and nucleotides were significantly enriched in DR. Conclusions This study systematically demonstrates that distinct metabolic alterations are linked to DR initiation. n-3 PUFAs, trehalose and vitamin B1 play an important role in inhibiting DR progression.
Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma: A Real-World Comparison of Therapy Access and Outcomes by Hospital Setting
Authors: Patel Akshat Maneesh , Ali Omer , Kainthla Radhika , Rizvi Syed M. , Awan Farrukh T. , Patel Toral , Pan Edward , Maher Elizabeth , Desai Neil B. , Timmerman Robert , Kumar Kiran A. , Geethakumari Praveen Ramakrishnan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is an aggressive disease with many tools for management that may be subject to resource barriers. This study compares the treatment patterns and survival outcomes among PCNSL patients treated at a safety-net hospital versus a tertiary academic institution.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed records of PCNSL patients from 2007-2020 (n = 95) at a public safety-net hospital (n = 33) and a private academic center (n = 62) staffed by the same university. Demographics, treatment patterns, and outcomes were analyzed.Results:Compared to the tertiary academic center, patients at the safety-net hospital were significantly younger, more commonly Black or Hispanic, and had a higher proportion of presenting patients with HIV. The safety-net hospital cohort was significantly less likely to receive induction chemotherapy (67% vs 86%, p = 0.003) than those at the academic center. Safety-net hospital patients were significantly less likely to receive autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) consolidation (0% vs. 44%, p = 0.001) and had higher rates of consolidative WBRT (35% vs 15%, p = 0.001). Younger age and receiving consolidation were associated with improved progression-free survival (PFS, p = 0.001) and overall survival (OS, p = 0.001). Hospital location had no statistical effect on PFS (p = 0.725) or OS (p = 0.226) on age-adjusted analysis. Conclusions:Our study showed significant treatment differences between a public safety-net hospital and an academic cancer center reflecting access disparities. Despite variable treatment patterns, survival outcomes were not different. Further research is needed to determine optimal treatments for an orphan disease like PCNSL and it will be essential to advocate for equitable access in resource-limited settings.
Levels, Distribution And Risk Assessment of Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) In Fish In Xiamen, China
Authors: Qian Zhuozhen , Tang Shuifen , Liu Zhiyu , Luo Fangfang , Wei Shaohong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this study, hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) was detected in 114 fish samples collected from 6 administrative regions of Xiamen city, China. HBCD amounts ranged between ND (not detected) and 2.216 ng g−1 ww (mean, 0.127±0.318 ng g−1 ww). Besides, α-HBCD was the main diastereoisomer in these fish specimens, followed by β-HBCD. Meanwhile, γ-HBCD was not detected in any of the samples. Significant differences were recorded among fish species. The results indicated that the levels and detection rates of HBCD were higher in Trachinotus ovatus compared with other aquatic organisms. Therefore, Trachinotus ovatus could be used as a marine biological indicator of HBCD. Within the regions investigated, Siming was significantly different from Jimei, Haicang and Xiang'an. The spatial distribution of HBCD concentrations indicated higher mean levels in samples collected from Haicang, Jimei and Xiang'an, respectively, with the highest detection rates in Jimei and Xiang'an, which might be related to geographical location and intense industrial and urban activities. Estimation of daily HBCD intake was performed according to fish consumption in Xiamen residents. The medium bound HBCD amounts in fish were approximately 0.073 and 0.088 ng kg bw-1d-1 for male and female residents of Xiamen, respectively. Exposure doses of HBCD indicated no health concern for Xiamen residents.
Morpho-Histological and Cytological Study on Meristematic Nodule Induction and Shoot Organogenesis in Paeonia Ostii ‘Feng Dan’
Authors: Xu Li , Yun* Cheng Fang , Zhong Yuan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This is the first report concerning the sequence of morpho-histological and cytological events occurring during organogenesis from cotyledon-derived meristematic nodules (MNs) in Paeonia ostii ‘Feng Dan’. Sections were made and studies were carried out with dissecting microscope, light microscope, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation. Histological studies revealed a complex developmental process of morphogenesis that including five stages: (1) callus originated from cell division in both cambial and cortical regions, and type I - yellow compact callus with densely arranged clumps were identified as embryogenic callus. (2) pre-nodular structure consisted of organization center (a central area of vascularization surrounded by meristematic cell layers) and an epidermis-like layer; (3) independent MNs comprised of organization center, a cortical-like area of parenchymatous cells and an epidermal-like area; (4) nodular clusters displayed vigorously internal meristematic cell division and generated a relative movement towards the nodules periphery, establishing vascular connection with primordia; (5) successive new elongated shoots with complete vascular system and axillary bud primordia were developed. SEM observations showed three types of extracellular matrix (ECM), a smooth membranous layer, fibrillar structures and granular mucilage-like secretions on embryogenic callus, and recorded its dynamic morphological changes. Ultrastructural analysis revealed striking changes of chloroplast morphology and starch content during MNs morphogenesis. This study allows a better understanding of in vitro regeneration via MN culture and provides references for protocol optimization and genetic transformation.
Flexural Behaviour and Evaluation of Ultra-high-performance Fibre Reinforced Concrete Beams Cured at Room Temperature
Authors: Huang Jinlin , He Zhiying , Khan Muhammad , Zheng Xiaohong , Luo Zhibin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In the present study, specimens with four different dimensions and concrete beams with six different reinforcement ratios were prepared to investigate the properties and flexural behaviour of ultra-high-performance fibre reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) cured at 20 ºC. The standard cubic compressive strength of UHPFRC specimens cannot be achieved at curing temperature of 20 ºC. For UHPFRC beams, the bearing capacity under flexure was enhanced with the increase of reinforcement ratio. The failure modes of UHPFRC beams changed from ductile to brittle as the reinforcement ratio increased from 1.26–9.50%. Moreover, the ductility of UHPFRC beams decreased with the increase of reinforcement ratio from 1.26–9.50%. The flexural behaviour of UHPFRC beams cured at room temperature was in accordance with the UHPFRC beams cured at high temperature in previous studies. In addition, the calculation model of CECS38-2004 underestimated the bending moment capacity of the under-reinforced UHPFRC beams (with reinforcement ratio from 0–7.85%) and overestimated the bending moment capacity of the UHPFRC beams with high reinforcement ration of 9.50%.
TRIP6 deficiency inhibits inflammatory damage in a murine model of DSS-induced colitis
Authors: Yang Yun , Li Xiu-Ming , Li Yan , Wang Jing-Ru , Ye Wen-Long , Yang Xue-Mei , Wang Yi , Liu Yu-Xuan , Gan Wen-Juan , Wu Hua 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundTRIP6 is a zyxin family member that serves as an adaptor protein to regulate diverse biological processes. In prior reports, TRIP6 was shown to play a role in regulating inflammation by inducing the activation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling cascade, though its specific role in vivo in inflammatory contexts remains to be clarified. Herein, we therefore employed TRIP6-deficient (TRIP6 −/− ) mice in order to explore the mechanistic importance of TRIP6 in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced model of murine colitis. Findings Wild-type (TRIP6 +/+ ) mice developed more severe colitis following DSS-mediated disease induction relative to TRIP6 −/− mice, as evidenced by more severe colonic inflammation and associated crypt damage. From a mechanistic perspective, TRIP6 expression in wild-type mice was significantly elevated in the period of DSS treatment; TRIP6 deficiency was associated with the inhibition of IκBα degradation, thus suppressing NF-κB signaling activity and impairing the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNFα and IL-6. Conclusions Together, these in vivo data demonstrate that TRIP6 serves as a positive regulator of DSS-induced colitis by regulating inflammatory NF-κB signaling, highlighting its therapeutic promise as a protein that theoretically can be targeted to prevent or treat colitis.
Low-Glycemic-Index Sugar in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Steciuk Damien , Amir Samia Mahmood Hafez , Hosenally Muzzammil , Goorapah Aroushini 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background and Objectives: There is a need to re assess the value of low-GI food and its specific components. The effect of one of them, namely low-glycemic-index sugar, is unclear, as its impact is usually confounded when reported in the literature. This study attempts to breach this gap, shedding light on its effect in type 2 diabetic patients and evaluate if it could be considered as part of a dietary plan.Subjects and Methods: The blood sugar level of twenty (20) type 2 diabetics was monitored using a Continuous Glucose Monitoring system during two phases; firstly, an initial period of 5 days, whereby all the included patients were taking their usual dietary meals. Subjects were then randomized into two groups of equal size before embarking on a second phase; 10 subjects were instructed to eat prepared, portioned and delivered meals, the difference for the second group being that low-GI sugar was used for the preparation. Results: Compared to baseline (day 1), blood sugar dropped by 18% for the group with low-GI sugar and 13% for those who consumed sugar with a normal-GI. The variation in sugar levels was also more contained in the interventional group. A by-product of the study design shows that constant glucose monitoring could raise awareness, and may foster reduction in blood sugar levels. Portioned food was capable of reducing blood sugar levels, with elevated levels of compliance just after start. Conclusions: Even though the ultimate aim is to reduce sugar consumption by diabetic patients, the intake of a low-GI sugar seems to be less harmful than normal sugar. Compared to using normal sugar for the preparation of portioned foods, the use of a low-GI sugar is encouraged as part of a wider plan for the management of diabetic patients.
Biomechanical Analysis of Cortical Bone Trajectory Screw Versus Bone Cement Screw for Fixation in Porcine Spinal Low Bone Mass Model
Authors: Li Yifan , Xu Wei , Wang Silian , Chen Liwei , Shi Zhangpeng , Ye Xiaojian , li zhikun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
PurposeTo compare the biomechanics of cortical bone trajectory screw(CBT) and bone cement screw(BC) in isolated porcine spinal low bone mass model.MethodTen porcine spines with 3 segments were treated with EDTA decalcification. After 8 weeks, all the models met the criteria of low bone mass.Ten specimens were randomly divided into two groups, one group was implanted with CBT screw(CBT group) and the other group was implanted with bone cement screw(BC group).The biomechanical material testing machine was used to compare the porcine spine activities of the two groups in flexion, extension, bending and axial rotation, and then insertional torque,pull-out force and anti-compression force of two groups were compared.Independent-sample t test was used for comparison between groups.ResultTen 3 segments porcine spine models with low bone mass were established, the bone mineral density of all models was lower than 0.75g/cm2. The flexion, extension, bending and axial rotation angle of CBT group and BC group respectively were 7.1±1.3°,4.3±0.8°,3.4±0.8°,6.8±0.7°and 6.4±0.8°,4.5±0.5°,3.5±0.5°,6.8±0.8°,there was no significant difference between the two groups,P＞0.05.However, there were significant differences between the two groups and the control group,P＜0.01.The insertional torque of the CBT group and BC group respectively were 0.43±0.09N-m and 0.30±0.07N-m (P=0.03), and the screw pull-out force were 462.67±72.51N and 325.60±77.27N (P=0.021), respectively. There were significant differences between the two groups.The anti-compression forces between the two groups were 3561.81±522.7N and 3586.80±607.42N, respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P =0.946).ConclusionThe insertional torque and pull-out force of the CBT were higher than those of the BC in the isolated low bone porcine spine model, and the range of motion and anti-compression ability of model were similar between the two fixation methods.