bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross‐linking, mechanical, dynamical, and EMI absorption shielding effectiveness of NBR based composites filled with combination on ferrite and carbon based fillers
Authors: Kruželák Ján , Kvasničáková Andrea , Bochkarev Evgeny Sergeevich , Tuzhikov Oleg Olegovich , Gořalík Marek , Vilčáková Jarmila , Hudec Ivan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn the current study, manganese‐zinc ferrite in a concentration scale ranging from 100 to 500 phr was incorporated into acrylonitrile‐butadiene rubber having the constant amount of carbon black (20 phr) or carbon nanotubes (5 phr). The work was focused on the investigation of fillers combination on curing process, physical‐mechanical, and dynamic characteristics of composites. The electromagnetic interference absorption shielding efficiency of composites was subsequently investigated at low frequencies. The results revealed that composites filled with a combination of ferrite and CB are able to efficiently shield electromagnetic radiation in the tested frequency range 1 MHz to 3 GHz, while electromagnetic interference absorption shielding performance of CNT/ferrite composites was insufficient. The reason can be attributed to the outstanding increase of electrical conductivity of composites filled with combination of ferrite and CNT. As the best absorption shielding material can be considered the CB/ferrite composite containing 100 phr of ferrite, as it exhibited the widest absorption frequency bandwidth at return loss of −10 and −20 dB. The presence of ferrite in composites resulted in the decrease of cross‐link density, modification of curing characteristics and physical‐mechanical properties, and no significant influence on glass transition temperature.
Geriatric Activation Program Pellenberg, a novel physiotherapy program for hospitalized patients on a geriatric rehabilitation ward
Authors: van Dijk Margaretha , Allegaert Patsy , Locus Marlies , Deschodt Mieke , Verheyden Geert , Tournoy Jos , Flamaing Johan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackground and PurposeRegaining functional independence and independent living is challenging in hospitalized geriatric patients. Different from community dwelling and institutionalized older people, geriatric patients on rehabilitation wards generally receive more frequent and structured physiotherapy with the primary aim to discharge them to their home or place of residence. There is a paucity of evidence concerning the structure and components of physiotherapy programs to improve functional performance in this particular group. In this paper, we describe how we developed the Geriatric Activation Program Pellenberg (GAPP) based on patients' needs and available literature.MethodsWe searched the literature on physiotherapy interventions focusing on the core components for improvement of functional performance: strength, balance, function, (gait)speed, coordination, and endurance training. Based on physiotherapist staffing and physiotherapy time allocated to each patient, we organized the practical, daily delivery of the program.ResultsGAPP is a 5‐day program, repeated weekly, delivered by physiotherapists and physiotherapy students. Each day, one or a combination of two to three different core components of functional performance is trained intensively in 45‐min sessions. A set of standard exercises is constantly adjusted to each patients' capacity. On day 5, there is a mix of these core elements in a group session (e.g., chair‐dance, table tennis, karate) and the Berg Balance Scale is completed to evaluate progress.ConclusionGAPP is a multicomponent physiotherapy program for hospitalized patients on a geriatric rehabilitation ward, aimed at improving functional performance.
A combined first‐ and second‐order approach for model predictive control
Authors: Deng Haoyang , Ohtsuka Toshiyuki 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis article presents a simple iterative method that combines first‐ and second‐order approaches for linear model predictive control (MPC). Approximate value functions requiring only first‐order derivatives and incorporating fixed second‐order information are employed, which leads to a method that splits the MPC problem into subproblems along the prediction horizon, and only the states and costates (Lagrange multipliers corresponding to the state equations) are exchanged between consecutive subproblems during iteration. The convergence is guaranteed under the framework of the majorization minimization principle. For efficient implementation, practical details are discussed, and the performance was assessed against both first‐ and second‐order methods with two numerical experiments. The results indicate that the proposed method can obtain a moderately accurate solution with a small number of cheap iterations.
A comparison of Gaussian processes and neural networks for computer model emulation and calibration
Authors: Myren Samuel , Lawrence Earl 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe Department of Energy relies on complex physics simulations for prediction in domains like cosmology, nuclear theory, and materials science. These simulations are often extremely computationally intensive, with some requiring days or weeks for a single simulation. In order to assure their accuracy, these models are calibrated against observational data in order to estimate inputs and systematic biases. Because of their great computational complexity, this process typically requires the construction of an emulator, a fast approximation to the simulation. In this paper, two emulator approaches are compared: Gaussian process regression and neural networks. Their emulation accuracy and calibration performance on three real problems of Department of Energy interest is considered. On these problems, the Gaussian process emulator tends to be more accurate with narrower, but still well‐calibrated uncertainty estimates. The neural network emulator is accurate, but tends to have large uncertainty on its predictions. As a result, calibration with the Gaussian process emulator produces more constrained posteriors that still perform well in prediction.
Introduction: Framing Exclusion from Services
Authors: Draulans Veerle , Lamura Giovanni 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis part presents three specific examples of how old-age social exclusion can take place in the field of service provision. These contributions refer to the key areas of care, transportation and information communication technology (ICT) based solutions, which represent some of the sub-domains of service-related exclusion in later life that are most frequently cited in the literature (Walsh et al. 2017; ROSEnet Services Working Group 2020). Given the current demographic trends, the availability of suitable services has become crucial to ensure social cohesion and inclusiveness. Governments, be it on national or community levels, social profit organisations and commercial companies offer a huge variety of services aimed at making people’s lives easier and more comfortable. In order to better contextualise the contributions presented in this part, this chapter will provide an overview of old-age service exclusion in general, highlighting in particular macro- and micro-level considerations. It will then briefly introduce each contribution.
Reversed Mobilities as a Means to Combat Older People’s Exclusion from Services: Insights from Two Alpine Territories in France and Italy
Authors: Cholat Florent , Daconto Luca 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOlder people’s social exclusion in mountain areas is often the result of service inaccessibility. Mountain territories are indeed partly characterised by a low availability of services and high transport constraints. In this environment, older people, with a lower capacity for mobility (such as impaired or not autonomous individuals), require a set of reversed mobilities, where the mobility of relatives, caregivers or shops ensures, at least indirectly, their access to relevant services. This chapter aims to stress how reversed mobilities may promote older people’s inclusion in mountain areas and contribute to a better understanding of exclusion from services. In particular, we will emphasise: (1) the interaction between different factors in constructing service inaccessibility as an exclusionary process in the lives of mountain dwelling older people; (2) the key role played by reversed mobilities in combatting older people’s experience of exclusion from services in mountain areas, as well as the environmental, economic and social costs and “new” inequalities that might be associated with this form of adaptation. Our analysis is underpinned by a focus on two European Alpine territories (Isère, France; Bergamo, Italy) as exploratory examples. The extension of our arguments to other socio-cultural contexts is also considered.
Introduction: Framing Economic Exclusion
Authors: Ogg Jim , Myck Michal 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEconomic exclusion is a multidimensional concept that has particular relevance in the context of ageing populations and globalised economies. Sustaining adequate incomes in old age and protecting older citizens from poverty are major challenges for governments and policy makers and they have been amplified in the face of the economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Over the past few decades most countries have made adjustments to their pension systems and other welfare related policies that concern older citizens, and these reforms have already had and will continue to have a differential impact on economic exclusion. For some, extending the working life and pushing back the legal age of retirement can be a safeguard against inadequate incomes in old age, while for others who are excluded from the labour market, or who are working in low paid jobs, economic exclusion remains a reality. The labour market implications of the pandemic are likely to exacerbate this risk for those whose situation was already fragile before the crisis.
Introduction: Framing Exclusion Interrelationships
Authors: Dahlberg Lena 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMultidimensionality is a key feature of social exclusion, that is, exclusion concerns different life domains, and disadvantages in one domain can be interrelated with disadvantages in other domains. Interrelationships across social exclusion domains have implications not only for the experience of the individual, but also for policy, since cutbacks or interventions addressing one domain may have additional effects on one or several other domains. In this chapter, interrelationships that can arise between different domains and the four chapters examining such interrelations within this section are introduced.
Introduction
Authors: Huntjens Patrick 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe nature of the social, environmental, and economic problems we face today requires a new social contract, a Natural Social Contract. A Natural Social Contract does justice to a human being’s natural state (human life is group life) and to the natural position of humankind and society within a larger ecosystem, that of planet Earth. The Natural Social Contract regards society as a social-ecological system, focusing on people as members of a community and as part of a natural ecosystem. It emphasizes long-term sustainability and general welfare by combining human and nature, and recalibrating our unfettered approach to unlimited economic growth, overconsumption, and over-individualization. The end result, I argue, is for the benefit of ourselves, our planet, and future generations.If you are concerned about our society and our planet, and keeping both healthy for future generations, then this book is written for you. And if you have an interest in the systemic changes required to fundamentally shift our social, economic, ecological, and institutional perspectives, this book is for you too. Together, we can promote a sustainable, healthy, and just society and achieve change on the ground. This book offers a way forward.
Sustainability Transition: Quest for a New Social Contract
Authors: Huntjens Patrick 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis chapter will provide an overview of the necessity and nature of the sustainability transition, starting with the paradox of prosperity (Sect. 2.1), the ecological boundaries of our planet (Sect. 2.2) and how this relates to a broad range of security and justice issues (Sect. 2.3). Following this, the chapter provides a brief description of the nature of the sustainability transition (Sect. 2.4), and concludes with an argumentation to be more explicit on what comes after the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the UN 2030 Agenda (Sect. 2.5).
Measuring and assessing contributions to sustainable development
Authors: Lemke Claudia 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMeasurement and assessment of sustainable development must be executed to reduce the risk of failure in the transition to sustainability. The old axiom “what gets measured gets managed” (e.g. Parris & Kates, 2003) or its reverse “what is not measured often gets ignored” (e.g. Giljum, Burger, Hinterberger, Lutter & Bruckner, 2011) prevails. Measurement and assessment address both the descriptive-analytical and the transformational mode of sustainable development (see Section 2.1; Wiek et al., 2012): They generate and structure information to serve decision making (Waas et al., 2014).
Constraints on quasinormal modes and bounds for critical points from pole-skipping
Authors: Abbasi Navid , Kaminski Matthias 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We consider a holographic thermal state and perturb it by a scalar operator whose associated real-time Green’s function has only gapped poles. These gapped poles correspond to the non-hydrodynamic quasinormal modes of a massive scalar perturbation around a Schwarzschild black brane. Relations between pole-skipping points, critical points and quasinormal modes in general emerge when the mass of the scalar and hence the dual operator dimension is varied. First, this novel analysis reveals a relation between the location of a mode in the infinite tower of quasinormal modes and the number of pole-skipping points constraining its dispersion relation at imaginary momenta. Second, for the first time, we consider the radii of convergence of the derivative expansions about the gapped quasinormal modes. These convergence radii turn out to be bounded from above by the set of all pole-skipping points. Furthermore, a transition between two distinct classes of critical points occurs at a particular value for the conformal dimension, implying close relations between critical points and pole-skipping points in one of those two classes. We show numerically that all of our results are also true for gapped modes of vector and tensor operators.
Heterotic complex structure moduli stabilization for elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau manifolds
Authors: Cui Wei , Karkheiran Mohsen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Holomorphicity of vector bundles can stabilize complex structure moduli of a Calabi-Yau threefold in N = 1 supersymmetric heterotic compactifications. In principle, the Atiyah class determines the stabilized moduli. In this paper, we study how this mechanism works in the context of elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau manifolds where the complex structure moduli space contains two kinds of moduli, those from the base and those from the fibration. Defining the bundle with spectral data, we find three types of situations when bundles’ holomorphicity depends on algebraic cycles exist only for special loci in the complex structure moduli, which allows us to stabilize both of these two moduli. We present concrete examples for each type and develop practical tools to analyze the stabilized moduli. Finally, by checking the holomorphicity of the four-flux and/or local Higgs bundle data in F-theory, we briefly study the dual complex structure moduli stabilization scenarios.
Two-loop matching of renormalizable operators: general considerations and applications
Authors: Bahl Henning , Sobolev Ivan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Low-energy effective field theories (EFT) encode information about the physics at high energies — i.e., the high-energy theory (HET). To extract this information the EFT and the HET have to be matched to each other. At the one-loop level, general results for the matching of renormalizable operators have already been obtained in the literature. In the present paper, we take a step towards a better understanding of renormalizable operator matching at the two-loop level: focusing on the diagrammatic method, we discuss in detail the various contributions to two-loop matching conditions and compare different approaches to derive them. Moreover, we discuss which observables are best suited for the derivation of matching conditions. As a concrete application, we calculate the $$ \mathcal{O}\left({\alpha}_t{\alpha}_s\right) $$
O

α
t

α
s

and $$ \mathcal{O}\left({\alpha}_t^2\right) $$
O

α
t
2

matching conditions of the scalar four-point couplings between the Standard Model (SM) and the Two-Higgs-Doublet Model (THDM) as well as the THDM and the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). We use the derived formulas to improve the prediction of the SM-like Higgs mass in the MSSM using the THDM as EFT.
Characterization and elimination of linkage-drag associated with Fusarium wilt race 3 resistance genes
Authors: Chitwood-Brown Jessica , Vallad Gary E. , Lee Tong Geon , Hutton Samuel F. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Key message
Reducing the size of the I-3 introgression resulted in eliminating linkage-drag contributing to increased sensitivity to bacterial spot and reduced fruit size. The I-7 gene was determined to have no effect on bacterial spot or fruit size, and germplasm is now available with both the reduced I-3 introgression and I-7.

Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) production is increasingly threatened by Fusarium wilt race 3 (Fol3) caused by the soilborne fungus, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Although host resistance based on the I-3 gene is the most effective management strategy, I-3 is associated with detrimental traits including reduced fruit size and increased bacterial spot sensitivity. Previous research demonstrated the association with bacterial spot is not due to the I-3 gene, itself, and we hypothesize that reducing the size of the I-3 introgression will remedy this association. Cultivars with I-7, an additional Fol3 resistance gene, are available but are not widely used commercially, and it is unclear whether I-7 also has negative horticultural associations. To characterize the effect of I-3 on fruit size, segregating populations were developed and evaluated, revealing that the large I-3 introgression decreased fruit size by approximately 21%. We reduced the I-3 introgression from 5 to 140 kb through successive recombinant screening and crossing efforts. The reduced I-3 introgression and I-7 were then separately backcrossed into elite Florida breeding lines and evaluated for effects on bacterial spot sensitivity and fruit size across multiple seasons. The reduced I-3 introgression resulted in significantly less bacterial spot and larger fruit size than the large introgression, and it had no effect on these horticultural characteristics compared with Fol3 susceptibility. I-7 was also found to have no effect on these traits compared to Fol3 susceptibility. Together, these efforts support the development of superior Fol3-resistant cultivars and more durable resistance against this pathogen.
Heart rate recovery is useful for evaluating the recovery of exercise tolerance in patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation
Authors: Tanaka Seiya , Miyamoto Taro , Mori Yusuke , Harada Takashi , Tasaki Hiromi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to examine the factors that contribute to improvement of exercise tolerance in patients with heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF) following cardiac rehabilitation. Our hypothesis is that parasympathetic values are important for recovering exercise tolerance in those patients. We included 84 consecutive patients with HF and AF (mean age: 69 ± 15 years, 80% men). All of the patients underwent a cardiopulmonary exercise test and had pre and post 5 month cardiac rehabilitation assessed. After 155 ± 11 days and 44 ± 8 sessions, 73 patients (86%) showed an increase in peak oxygen uptake (VO2) and VO2 at the anaerobic threshold. In univariate linear regression analysis, the % change in heart rate recovery, plasma B-type natriuretic peptide levels, resting heart rate, and the minute ventilation /carbon dioxide output slope were significantly related to that of peak VO2 (p < 0.01, p = 0.03, p = 0.02, p < 0.01, respectively). Stepwise multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the % change in heart rate recovery was independently related to that of peak VO2 (p < 0.05). Our results suggest that heart rate recovery is closely associated with recovery of exercise tolerance in patients with HF and AF after CR.
Has the development of cancer biomarkers to guide treatment improved health outcomes?
Authors: D′Avó Luís Ana Beatriz , Seo Mikyung Kelly 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDuring the last decade, testing the patient’s biomarker status prior to the administration of corresponding co-dependent therapies has been emerging in clinical practice. These biomarker-guided therapies have promoted the promise of more personalized medicine, with the prescription of the right treatment to the right patient, while avoiding expensive ineffective drugs and adverse drug reactions. Cancer treatments have especially taken advantage of this technology. We assess how the introduction of biomarker tests guiding cancer therapy have affected the premature mortality and survival of cancer patients in Norway. Our findings suggest that, in general, cancer patients have benefited from both biomarker testing and more cancer drugs. Furthermore, we find that the total effect of biomarker testing on 3-year survival decreases as the number of drugs available increases, suggesting that the matching of patients with the appropriate treatment is better when fewer drugs are available.
First blood: the endothelial origins of hematopoietic progenitors
Authors: Canu Giovanni , Ruhrberg Christiana 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHematopoiesis in vertebrate embryos occurs in temporally and spatially overlapping waves in close proximity to blood vascular endothelial cells. Initially, yolk sac hematopoiesis produces primitive erythrocytes, megakaryocytes, and macrophages. Thereafter, sequential waves of definitive hematopoiesis arise from yolk sac and intraembryonic hemogenic endothelia through an endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (EHT). During EHT, the endothelial and hematopoietic transcriptional programs are tightly co-regulated to orchestrate a shift in cell identity. In the yolk sac, EHT generates erythro-myeloid progenitors, which upon migration to the liver differentiate into fetal blood cells, including erythrocytes and tissue-resident macrophages. In the dorsal aorta, EHT produces hematopoietic stem cells, which engraft the fetal liver and then the bone marrow to sustain adult hematopoiesis. Recent studies have defined the relationship between the developing vascular and hematopoietic systems in animal models, including molecular mechanisms that drive the hemato-endothelial transcription program for EHT. Moreover, human pluripotent stem cells have enabled modeling of fetal human hematopoiesis and have begun to generate cell types of clinical interest for regenerative medicine.