bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Before-Visit Questionnaire: A Tool to Augment Communication and Decrease Provider Documentation Burden in Pediatric Diabetes
Authors: Kumah-Crystal Yaa A. , Stein Preston M. , Chen Qingxia , Lehmann Christoph U. , Novak Laurie L. , Roth Sydney , Rosenbloom S. Trent 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective To develop and evaluate an electronic tool that collects interval history and incorporates it into a provider summary note.
Methods A parent-facing online before-visit questionnaire (BVQ) collected information from parents and caregivers of pediatric diabetes patients prior to a clinic encounter. This information was related to interval history and perceived self-management barriers. The BVQ generated a summary note that providers could paste in their own documentation. Parents also completed postvisit experience questionnaires. We assessed the BVQs perceived usefulness to parents and providers and compared provider documentation content and length pre- and post-BVQ rollout. We interviewed providers regarding their experiences with the system-generated note.
Results Seventy-three parents of diabetic children were recruited and completed the BVQ. A total of 79% of parents stated that the BVQ helped with visit preparation and 80% said it improved perceived quality of visits. All 16 participating providers reviewed BVQs prior to patient encounters and 100% considered the summary beneficial. Most providers (81%) desired summaries less than 1 week old. A total of 69% of providers preferred the prose version of the summary; however, 75% also viewed the bulleted version as preferable for provider review. Analysis of provider notes revealed that BVQs increased provider documentation of patients' adherence and barriers. We observed a 50% reduction in typing by providers to document interval histories. Providers not using summaries typed an average of 137 words (standard deviation [SD]: 74) to document interval history compared with 68 words [SD 47] typed with BVQ use.
Discussion Providers and parents of children with diabetes appreciated the use of previsit, parent-completed BVQs that automatically produced provider documentation. Despite the BVQ redistributing work from providers to parents, its use was acceptable to both groups.
Conclusion Parent-completed questionnaires on the patient's behalf that generate provider documentation encourage communication between parents and providers regarding disease management and reduce provider workload.
Gender Differences in South Indians with Premature Coronary Artery Disease (< 40 Years)—Insights from the PCAD Registry
Authors: Shetty Laxmi H. , Patil Rahul S. , Kharge Jayashree , Vijay Kumar J. R. , Ghosh Santu , Manjunath C. N. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroduction Coronary artery disease (CAD) follows a different pattern in women and men, more so in the young (< 40 years). The gender differences in the risk factors, clinical presentation and diagnosis need to be understood, so that appropriate and timely treatment can be given.Objective The study contemplates to analyze the gender differences in the presence of major coronary risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis and immediate outcomes in patients who present with premature CAD (PCAD).Patients and Methods We evaluated 1,062 consecutive registry patients who presented with diagnosis of PCAD between 2018 to 2019 at our institution after satisfying the inclusion criteria.Results The study analyses 82 females and 980 males. The mean age of females was 35.4 ± 4.68 years and males was 34.2 ± 4.25 years. Males smoked more often (55.1%,p < 0.001). Females more often had abnormal BMI (84.1%,p < 0.001), increased waist-hip ratios (97.6%,p < 0.001), diabetes (35.4%,p < 0.001), dyslipidemia (17.1% vs. 11%) and hypertension (15.9% vs. 11.5%). STEMI was the most common presentation among males (80.4% vs. 71.9%). Majority of females (74.6%) presented 6 hours after index pain. NSTEMI was more common among females (20.7% vs. 16%). Single-vessel involvement was common in both sexes (84.1% in males and 85.2% in females). Obstructive CAD was less common in both groups.Conclusions Conventional risk factors play a major role for CAD in Indians. Smoking was common in males and metabolic syndrome in females. Also, females had a higher threshold for seeking treatment and referral. Measures have to be taken for early diagnosis and referral of females. Recanalized and thrombotic coronaries were common, indicating predominant thrombus burden in the young
Correlation between the Clinical Profile and Angiographic Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients
Authors: Swaminathan C. Rohit , Prasath P. Arun 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background and Aim: The correlation between clinical profile and angiographic severity in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients has been poorly documented. Hence, the present study aimed to study the clinical profile and correlate that with vessel burden, as witnessed by coronary angiography, in patients presenting to the hospital with ACS (ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction [STEMI]/non-ST-segment elevation [NSTE]-ACS)

Materials and Methods: The study had enrolled 209 patients who had been diagnosed with ACS. All subjects were those who presented to the Emergency Medicine Department in a tertiary care center (south India). Coronary angiogram done for these patients by cardiologists was reviewed with a SYNTAX CALCULATOR (I AND II). Patient's baseline characteristics and clinical examination and interventional diagnosis details were obtained.

Results: The clinical profile gathered from this geographical territory implied an increase in the angiographic severity of the coronary artery disease as measured by the SYNTAX score 1, with an increase in the duration of the said risk factor. Male gender was predominant and the major age group for ACS was 30 to 60 years. The most common presentation in ACS was STEMI. Diabetes and hypertension were the main risk factors for ACS. There was a striking occurrence of ACS among the young.

Conclusion: STEMI was the major ACS presentation in this study population. The main risk factors noted were diabetes and hypertension. Besides smoking and alcohol abuse (in any study population), dyslipidemia was also a key risk factor observed. Mild left ventricular systolic dysfunction was predominant in this study. The SYNTAX score 1 increased with duration of observed and recorded risk factors.
Novel Variants and Clinical Characteristics of 16 Patients from Southeast Asia with Genetic Variants in Neurofibromin-1
Authors: Lin Grace , Wei Heming , Lai Angeline H. M. , Tan Ee-Shien , Lim Jiin Ying , Cham Breana , Ling Simon , Jamuar Saumya S. , Tan Ene-Choo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNeurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is one of the most common inherited disorders. It is caused by mutations in the neurofibromin-1 gene (NF1) and affects the formation and growth of nerve tissues. More than 3,600 pathogenic variants in the NF1 gene have been identified from patients with most of the germline variants are from the Western populations. We found 16 patients (15 Chinese and 1 Asian Indian) who had heterozygous variants in NF1 through targeted next-generation sequencing. There were 15 different variants: 4 frameshift, 4 nonsense, 5 missense, and 2 splice variants. One nonsense variant and three frameshift variants had never been reported in any population or patient database. Twelve of the 16 patients met the NF1 diagnostic criteria, and each was found to have a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant. Three different missense variants of unknown significance were discovered in the other four patients who did not meet NF1 diagnostic criteria. Our findings add four novel variants to the list of genetic mutations linked to NF1's various clinical manifestations.
Big data for whose sake? Governing migration through artificial intelligence
Authors: Bircan Tuba , Korkmaz Emre Eren 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAlthough human activity constantly generates massive amounts of data, these data can only be analysed by mainly the private sector and governmental institutes due to data accessibility restrictions. However, neither migrants (as the producers of this data) nor migration scholars (as scientific experts on the topic) are in a position to monitor or control how governments and corporations use such data. Big Data analytics and Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies are promoted as cutting-edge solutions to ongoing and emerging social, economic and governance challenges. Meanwhile, states increasingly rely on digital and frontier technologies to manage borders and control migratory movements, and the defence industry and military–intelligence sectors provide high-tech tools to support these efforts. Worryingly, during the design and testing of algorithmic tools, migrants are often portrayed as a security threat instead of human beings with fundamental rights and liberties. Thus, privacy, data protection, and confidentiality issues continue to pose risks and challenges to migrant communities and raise important questions for the public and decision-makers alike. This comment seeks to shed light on the lack of effective regulation of AI and Big Data as they are applied in migration ‘management’. Additionally, from the perspective of privacy issues and immigrant rights (seeking asylum as a human right, it aims at advocating improved access to Big Data for scientific research which might act as a social control function for the smart border and existing/ongoing migration governance practices of countries. We argue that the use of Big Data and AI for migration governance requires much better collaboration between migrants (including the civil society and grassroots organisations solidarity that represent them), data scientists, migration scholars and policymakers if the potential of these technologies is to be reached in a way that is reasonable and ethical. Numerous critical privacy questions arise are regarding the legal requirements, confidentiality, and rules of engagement as well as the ethical concerns of (mis)use of new technologies. When the secretive nature of the ongoing exploitation of migrant data by states and corporations is considered raising such questions is essential for progress.
Transforming laboratory experiments for digital teaching: remote access laboratories in thermodynamics
Authors: Weiszflog Matthias , Goetz Inga K 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Laboratories in an undergraduate physics course were adapted to remote learning while conserving a high degree of student autonomy regarding the experimental work. The commencement of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and the resulting restrictions for large groups enforced the immediate development and implementation of new teaching concepts. This article describes laboratories, which have been redesigned in order to give the students the possibility to remotely steer and control the experiments by instructing their teachers, who were on site in the laboratory. This interactive approach allowed for a high degree of autonomy and freedom in the experimental design. The assessment of the laboratories, oral presentations by the students, was carried out in a similar format as in previous years, but remotely. The presentations indicated that the students reached a comparable level of understanding of the underlying physics concepts as in years with on-site laboratories. The experiences gathered with this concept can be beneficial beyond the described one-time implementation and allow adaptation for other scenarios of remote courses.
Crossed Andreev reflection in FSF Weyl semimetal junctions
Authors: Azizi Alireza , Abdollahipour Babak 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We have investigated crossed Andreev reflection in a ferromagnet-superconductor-ferromagnet junction based on the time-reversal invariant Weyl semimetals. We demonstrate that this junction can provide a suitable platform for generating pure crossed Andreev reflection signals. For bipolar junction, n-doped left ferromagnet and p-doped right ferromagnet, pure co-tunneling can happen in the antiparallel configuration of the magnetizations of ferromagnets, while a pure crossed Andreev reflection is possible only in the parallel configuration. However, when both of the ferromagnetic leads have the same polarity, n-doped or p-doped, the situation is reversed. Furthermore, we find that we can tune the chemical potentials and magnetizations of the ferromagnets separately to on or off co-tunneling and crossed Andreev reflection signals. Moreover, we show that the pure crossed Andreev reflection signal can be enhanced by tuning the chemical potentials of two ferromagnetic leads. Our findings may be employed for generating entangled electron pairs in the condensed matter systems.
Models of adsorption-induced deformation: ordered materials and beyond
Authors: Kolesnikov A L , Budkov Yu A , Gor G Y 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Adsorption-induced deformation is a change in geometrical dimensions of an adsorbent material caused by gas or liquid adsorption on its surface. This phenomenon is universal and sensitive to adsorbent properties, which makes its prediction a challenging task. However, the pure academic interest is complemented by its importance in a number of engineering applications with porous materials characterization among them. Similar to classical adsorption-based characterization methods, the deformation-based ones rely on the quality of the underlying theoretical framework. This fact stimulates the recent development of qualitative and quantitative models toward the more detailed description of a solid material, e.g. account of non-convex and corrugated pores, calculations of adsorption stress in realistic three-dimension solid structures, the extension of the existing models to new geometries, etc. The present review focuses on the theoretical description of adsorption-induced deformation in micro and mesoporous materials. We are aiming to cover recent theoretical works describing the deformation of both ordered and disordered porous bodies.
Structural, electronic, and transport properties of Janus GaInX
2 (X
= S, Se, Te) monolayers: first-principles study
Authors: Vu Tuan V , Linh Tran P T , Phuc Huynh V , Duque C A , Kartamyshev A I , Hieu Nguyen N 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Two-dimensional Janus monolayers have outstanding electronic and transport properties due to their asymmetric atomic structures. In the present work, we systematically study the structural, electronic, and transport properties of the Janus GaInX
2 (X = S, Se, Te) monolayers by using the first-principles calculations. The stability of the investigated monolayers is confirmed via the analysis of vibrational spectrum and molecular dynamics simulations. Our calculations demonstrate that while GaInS2 and GaInSe2 monolayers are direct semiconductors, GaInTe2 monolayer exhibits the characteristics of an indirect semiconductor. The band gap of GaInX
2 decreases when the chalcogen element X varies from S to Te. Obtained results reveal that small spin–orbit splitting energy in the valence band is found around the Γ point of the Brillouin zone when the spin–orbit coupling is included. Interestingly, GaInS2 and GaInSe2 have high and directional isotropic electron mobility meanwhile the directional anisotropy of the electron mobility is found in the Janus GaInTe2 monolayer. Our findings not only present superior physical properties of GaInX
2 monolayers but also show promising potential applications of these materials in nanoelectronic devices.
Trioctylphosphine accelerated growth of InP quantum dots at low temperature
Authors: Zhang Xinsu , Lv Hao , Xing Weishuo , Li Yanjun , Geng Chong , Xu Shu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Significant advance was realized on the economic synthesis of InP quantum dots (QDs) by using aminophosphines as phosphorus precursor. However, the low reaction activity and thermal degradation of aminophosphines bring severe difficulty for growth control of InP QDs. Here, we employed trioctylphosphine (TOP) as a surfactant to accelerate the growth of the InP QDs. The reaction mechanism study reveals that the TOP could form a reactive complex with indium halides that effectively accelerates the formation of InP monomer and reduces the demand for reaction temperature. On this basis, the effect of reaction temperature, precursors, and zinc halide additives on the growth of the TOP-InP QDs was explored. This strategy alleviates the difficulty in growth control of InP QDs and also benefits to the synthesis of luminescent InP/ZnS core–shell QDs within visible regime. A white-light emitting diode device was fabricated with the InP/ZnS QDs that demonstrates their application potential in light-emitting devices.
Classical n-body scattering with long-range potentials
Authors: Fejoz Jacques , Knauf Andreas , Montgomery Richard 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We consider the scattering of n classical particles interacting via pair potentials which are assumed to be ‘long-range’, i.e. of order

O

(

r

−
α

)

as r tends to infinity, for some α > 0. We define and focus on the ‘free region’, the set of states leading to well-defined and well-separated final states at infinity. As a first step, we prove the existence of an explicit, global surface of section for the free region. This surface of section allows us to prove the smoothness of the map sending a point to its final state and to establish a forward conjugacy between the n-body dynamics and free dynamics.
Topological bifurcation structure of one-parameter families of C
1 unimodal maps
Authors: Sannami Atsuro , Yokoyama Tomoo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We consider the bifurcation structure of one-parameter families of unimodal maps whose differentiability is only C
1. The structure of its bifurcation diagram can be a very wild one in such case. However we prove that in a certain topological sense, the structure is the same as that of the standard family of quadratic polynomials. In the case of families of polynomials, irreducible component of the bifurcation diagram can be defined naturally by dividing by the polynomials corresponding to lower periods. We show that such an irreducible component can be defined even if the maps and the family satisfy only a very mild differentiability condition. By removing components of lower periods, the structure of the bifurcation diagram becomes a considerably simplified one. We prove that the symbolic condition for the irreducible components is exactly the same as that of the standard family of quadratic polynomials. When we consider families of maps without strict conditions, the bifurcation diagrams may have infinitely many wild components. We show that such a situation does not affect the irreducible component essentially by proving a separation theorem for compact set in the plane which asserts that a given connected component can be cut out from the compact set by a curve.
Investigating spatial fractionation and radiation induced bystander effects: a mathematical modelling approach
Authors: Cahoon Paul , Giacometti Valentina , Casey Francis , Russell Emily , McGarry Conor , Prise Kevin M , McMahon Stephen J 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Radiation induced bystander effects (RIBEs) have been shown to cause death in cells receiving little or no physical dose. In standard radiotherapy, where uniform fields are delivered and all cells are directly exposed to radiation, this phenomenon can be neglected. However, the role of RIBEs may become more influential when heterogeneous fields are considered. Mathematical modelling can be used to determine how these heterogeneous fields might influence cell survival, but most established techniques account only for the direct effects of radiation. To gain a full appreciation of how non-uniform fields impact cell survival, it is also necessary to consider the indirect effects of radiation. In this work, we utilise a mathematical model that accounts for both the direct effects of radiation on cells and RIBEs. This model is used to investigate how spatially fractionated radiotherapy plans impact cell survival in vitro. These predictions were compared to survival in normal and cancerous cells following exposure to spatially fractionated plans using a clinical linac. The model is also used to explore how spatially fractionated radiotherapy will impact tumour control in vivo. Results suggest that spatially fractionated plans are associated with higher equivalent uniform doses than conventional uniform plans at clinically relevant doses. The model predicted only small changes changes in normal tissue complication probability, compared to the larger protection seen clinically. This contradicts a central paradigm of radiotherapy where uniform fields are assumed to maximise cell kill and may be important for future radiotherapy optimisation.
Disruption thermal load mitigation with shattered pellet injection on the Joint European Torus (JET)
Authors: Sheikh U.A. , Shiraki D. , Sweeney R. , Carvalho P. , Jachmich S. , Joffrin E. , Lehnen M. , Lovell J. , Nardon E. , Silburn S. , JET Contributors  
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Disruption mitigation remains a critical, unresolved challenge for ITER. To aid in addressing this challenge, a shattered pellet injection (SPI) system was installed on JET and experiments conducted at a range of thermal energy fractions and stored energies in excess of 7 MJ. The primary goals of these experiments were to investigate the efficacy of the SPI on JET and the ability of the plasma to assimilate multiple pellets. Single pellet injections produced a saturation in total radiated energy (W
rad) with increasing injected neon content, suggesting total radiation of stored thermal energy. Further increases in injected neon quantities resulted in reduced cooling times and current quench (CQ) durations, indicating higher impurity assimilation. No significant variation in CQ duration or W
rad was observed when varying the deuterium content at fixed neon quantities. Higher assimilation, inferred by shorter CQ durations, was measured when a mechanical punch was used to launch the pellets and this was attributed to a lower pellet velocity leading to higher solid content in the pellet plume and larger fragments penetrating deeper into the plasma. Radiation asymmetries averaged over the cooling time were inferred from Emis3D and ranged from 1.6 to 1.9. Asymmetries averaged over the entire disruption sequence were found to increase at higher thermal energy fractions. The radiated energy fractions decreased with increasing thermal energy fractions but this trend was eliminated when toroidal asymmetries were accounted for with Emis3D. Pure deuterium pellets were able to produce cooling times of up to 75 ms with a gradual loss in thermal stored energy of up to 80%. Experiments with multiple pellet injection indicated W
rad can be increased through pellet superposition and density can be increased with an additional D2 injection without a reduction in W
rad. KPRAD modelling accurately reproduced the cooling times and the CQ duration at high thermal energies. Assimilation estimates from KPRAD indicated CQ rates scale strongly whilst W
rad scales weakly and saturates with assimilated neon content. Comparable W
rad can be achieved with lower assimilated neon quantities as longer cooling times are attained. Thus reduced neon content can be preferential in a thermal load mitigation scheme as it may reduce radiation asymmetries and prevent flash melting.