bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-incidence MNS antigens associated with single amino acid changes and their susceptibility to enzyme treatment
Authors: Reid M. E. , Storry J. R. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
MNS antigens are carried on glycophorin A (GPA), glycophorin B (GPB), or their variants. Antigens at the N-terminus of GPA are sensitive to cleavage by ficin, papain, and trypsin but are resistant to α-chymotrypsin. Antigens at the N-terminus of GPB are sensitive to cleavage by ficin, papain, and α-chymotrypsin but are resistant to trypsin treatment. These characteristics have been used to aid in the identification of blood group alloantibodies. Recent molecular analyses have identified changes in amino acids that are associated with several low-incidence antigens in the MNS blood group system. This review relates the molecular studies with the susceptibility or resistance of these antigens to treatment of intact red blood cells by proteolytic enzymes.
Immunohematology 2001;17:76–81.
Selecting an acceptable and safe antibody detection test can present a dilemma
Authors: Combs M. R. , Bredehoeft S. J. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The Transfusion Service at Duke University Hospital has changed antibody detection methods from the use of albumin in indirect antiglobulin tests to low-ionic-strength solution (LISS), and from LISS to polyethylene glycol (PEG) in an effort to enhance the rapid detection of clinically significant antibodies. In 1996, staffing issues required the consideration of automation. Although previous studies indicated that the gel test was not as sensitive as PEG for detection of clinically significant antibodies, we chose to implement the gel test to be used with the Tecan MegaFlex-ID. We performed a retrospective analysis of identified antibodies and transfusion reactions to compare the outcomes of one year’s experience with gel and PEG. We found comparable detection of potentially clinically significant antibodies by both methods and significantly fewer unwanted or clinically insignificant antibodies detected with the use of gel. Fewer delayed serologic transfusion reactions and no transfusion-associated hemolytic events occurred in the year that gel was used. Although we initially found the selection of the gel test to be a dilemma, our ultimate decision appears to have successfully protected patient safety and balanced sensitivity with specificity.
Immunohematology 2001;17:86–89
Significant ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn in a group B infant with a group A2 mother
Authors: Jeon H. , Calhoun B. , Pothiawala M. , Herschel M. , Baron B.W. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) occurs almost exclusively in infants of blood group A or B who are born to group O mothers because IgG anti-A or -B occurs more commonly in group O than in group A or B individuals. We report a case in which clinically significant ABO-HDN occurred in a group B neonate from anti-B of a group A2 mother. The IgG anti-B titer was much higher (256) than that found in a group A1 mother/infant control group (≤ 32). The maternal antibody screen was negative and antibodies to low-frequency antigens were not detected. Therefore, when evaluating unexplained HDN in a group B newborn of a group A mother, it may be relevant to determine the subgroup of the mother. As presented here, anti-B from a group A2 mother may, on occasion, be responsible for HDN.
Immunohematology 2000;16: 105–108.
Moderate hemolytic disease of the newborn due to anti-Hr0 in a mother with the D––/D–– phenotype
Authors: Lenkiewicz B. , ZupaNska B. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) due to anti-Hr0 antibody is typically severe and often fatal. We report a case of moderate HDN due to anti-Hr0 in a woman with the D––/D–– phenotype. A 33-year-old woman delivered her second child who was mildly jaundiced. The highest level of bilirubin was 26.1 mg/dL on the third day postpartum and the hemoglobin concentration was 14.0 g/dL. The newborn recovered after phototherapy and no mental retardation was noticed after 1 year of follow up. An exchange transfusion was excluded due to the lack of a compatible donor and the physical condition of the mother precluded blood donation. The maternal RBCs were D+C–c–E–e–; only G and Rh29 of the Rh system were expressed. Thus, her probable phenotype was D––/D––. Her alloantibody was identified as anti-Hr0 (anti-Rh17) as it reacted with all red blood cells (RBCs) but not her own, other D-– RBCs, and Rhnull RBCs. The results of the antibody titer (64) and activity in a chemiluminescense test (CLT; 34%) were consistent with a moderate HDN. Family studies were negative for the D––/D–– phenotype and consanguinity was not proved. This is the first described case of moderate HDN due to anti-Hr0. The result of antibody activity in the CLT might be helpful in predicting the severity of HDN in other rare HDN cases. Immunohematology 2000;16:109–111.
Large-scale use of red blood cell units containing alloantibodies
Authors: Combs M.R. , Bennett D.H. , Telen M.J. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Many transfusion services are reluctant to accept red blood cell (RBC) units containing antibodies. We evaluated the impact of accepting routine shipments of our region’s inventory of alloantibody-positive RBC units over a 4-month period. All patients’ samples received up to 30 days after transfusion of such units were evaluated for the presence of passively acquired antibody, and labor and reagent costs were determined. During the study period, we received 259 alloantibody-containing RBC units, and 253 of these were transfused to 187 patients. Follow-up samples were received on 99 of these187 patients, and 10 of these patients had detectable passive antibody in posttransfusion antibody screening tests. Two patients had anti-C and -D and eight patients had anti-D. Due to our negotiation of a small discount for antibody-containing units and the use of 20 units based on labeled phenotype rather than antigen typing in our laboratory, we experienced a net savings of $3814 over the 4-month period. This savings was achieved despite some additional costs incurred, including costs of data entry and additional testing on patients’ samples. We concluded that large-scale use of RBC units from donors with alloantibodies is safe and likely to have a minimal impact on a busy transfusion service’s workload and costs. Furthermore, nationwide use of such units would help alleviate projected blood shortages.
Immunohematology 2000;16:120–123.
Modification of porous polyetherimide hollow fiber membrane by dip-coating of Zonyl® BA for membrane distillation of dyeing wastewater
Authors: Mousavi S. A. , Arab Aboosadi Z. , Mansourizadeh A. , Honarvar B. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Wetting and fouling have significantly affected the application of membrane distillation (MD). In this work, a dip-coating method was used for improving surface hydrophobicity of the polyetherimide (PEI) hollow fiber membrane. An air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) process was applied for treatment of the methylene blue (MB) solution. The porous PEI membrane was fabricated by a dry-wet spinning process and the hydrophobic 2-(Perfluoroalkyl) ethanol (Zonyl® BA) was used as the coating material. From FESEM, the modified PEI-Zonyl membrane showed an open structure with large finger-like cavities. The modified membrane displayed a narrow pore size distribution with mean pore size of 0.028 μm. The outer surface contact angle of the PEI-Zonyl membrane increased from 81.3° to 100.4° due to the formation of an ultra-thin coated layer. The pure water flux of the PEI-Zonyl membrane was slightly reduced compared to the pristine PEI membrane. A permeate flux of 6.5 kg/m2 h and MB rejection of 98% were found for the PEI-Zonyl membrane during 76 h of the AGMD operation. Adsorption of MB on the membrane surface was confirmed based on the Langmuir isotherm evaluation, AFM and FESEM analysis. The modified PEI-Zonyl membrane can be a favorable alternative for AGMD of dyeing wastewaters.
Flavonoids, the Family of Plant-Derived Antioxidants Making Inroads into
Novel Therapeutic Design Against Ionizing Radiation-Induced Oxidative
Stress in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Behl Tapan , Kaur Gagandeep , Sehgal Aayush , Zengin Gokhan , Singh Sukhbir , Ahmadi Amirhossein , Bungau Simona 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Ionizing radiation from telluric sources is unceasingly an unprotected pitfall
to humans. Thus, the foremost contributors to human exposure are global and medical radiations.
Various evidences assembled during preceding years reveal the pertinent role of ionizing radiation-
induced oxidative stress in the progression of neurodegenerative insults, such as Parkinson’s
disease, which have been contributing to increased proliferation and generation of reactive oxygen
species.

Objective:
This review delineates the role of ionizing radiation-induced oxidative stress in Parkinson’s
disease and proposes novel therapeutic interventions of flavonoid family, offering effective
management and slowing down the progression of Parkinson’s disease.

Methods:
Published papers were searched in MEDLINE, PubMed, etc., published to date for indepth
database collection.

Results:
The oxidative damage may harm the non-targeted cells. It can also modulate the functions
of the central nervous system, such as protein misfolding, mitochondria dysfunction, increased levels
of oxidized lipids, and dopaminergic cell death, which accelerate the progression of Parkinson’s
disease at the molecular, cellular, or tissue levels. In Parkinson’s disease, reactive oxygen species
exacerbate the production of nitric oxides and superoxides by activated microglia, rendering death
of dopaminergic neuronal cell through different mechanisms.

Conclusion:
Rising interest has extensively engrossed in the clinical trial designs based on the
plant-derived family of antioxidants. They are known to exert multifarious impact on neuroprotection
via directly suppressing ionizing radiation-induced oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species
production or indirectly increasing the dopamine levels and activating the glial cells.
Anticancer Evaluation of Novel Quinazolinone Acetamides: Synthesis and
Characterization
Authors: Salfi Roshan , Hakim Farhana , Bhikshapathi Darna , Khan Abdullah 
Published: May 2021

Background:
According to the global cancer report 2019, the burden of cancer will exceed more
than 18 million, becoming one of the major causes of global mortality rate. There is a pressing need to establish
novel drug candidates for cancer treatment, though many anticancer agents are available in the market owing to
their adverse effects. In recent years, quinazoline and its derivatives have been considered as a novel class of
cancer chemotherapeutic agents that show promising activity against different tumors.

Objective:
To evaluate the anti-cancer potential of the novel class of quinazoline tethered acetamide derivatives
against six different cancer cell lines.

Method:
A novel series of various substituted quinazolinone acetamides were synthesized through a feasible
scheme. The synthetic scheme involves the conversion of benzoxazinone (from anthranilic acid and benzoyl
chloride) intermediate to 3-amino quinazoline-4-one which further converted to the final amide by tethering
with the propionyl chloride employing Schotten-Baumann Reaction conditions. All the synthesized derivatives
characterized by IR, 1HNMR and MASS spectral methods and anti-cancer activity were evaluated by employing
MTT assay for six cancer cell lines and one normal human cell line.

Results:
All the synthesized compounds were screened for anti-cancer activity against six cancer cell lines,
including A 549 (lung), DU 145 (prostate), HT 29 (colon), MCF-7 (breast), SiHA (cervical), B16F10 (mouse
skin melanoma) and one normal human fibroblast cell lines. All the compounds displayed a decent cytotoxicity
profile when compared with the standard drug doxorubicin. Among the synthesized compounds (5a to 5n)
tested, two compounds, 5f and 5g have demonstrated excellent cytotoxicity against SiHA and MCF-7 cancer
cell lines.

Conclusion:
Comparatively most of the compounds displayed decent cytotoxicity potential relative to the standard
drug doxorubicin. Further investigations are needed to establish the detailed mechanism of action of the
developed novel quinazolinone acetamides.
A Cisgenic Approach in the Transformation of Bread Wheat cv. Saratovskaya 29 with Class I Chitinase Gene
Authors: Maltseva Elina , Iskakova Gulnur , Ismagul Ainur , Chirkin Alexandr , Naizabayeva Dinara , Ismagulova Gulnara , Malakhova Natalya , Aitkhozhina Nagima , Eliby Serik , Skiba Yuriy 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Bread wheat is one of the major crops grown worldwide, showing high demand for new varieties with traits such as pathogen resistance. As the public acceptance of transgenic plants remains low, a novel approach – cisgenesis – is being developed to introduce the genes from the same or closely related species.

Objective:
This study presents a cisgenic approach used for the transformation of wheat with class I chitinase gene derived from T. aestivum cv. Stepnaya 15, co-transformed with acetohydroxyacid synthase gene that provides tolerance to imidazolinone herbicides.

Methods:
Calli from immature embryos of spring bread wheat Triticum aestivum cv. Saratovskaya 29 were used for co-transformation with two independent Minimal Expression Units (MEUs): class I chitinase and Acetohydroxyacid Synthase (AHAS) gene. For identification of cisgenic plants, genomic DNA was extracted from the leaves of imazethapyr-resistant regenerant plants at the plantlets stage and screened by polymerase chain reaction. The efficiency of transformation was calculated as the relation of regenerated plants with chitinase gene insert to the total number of calli in the experiment.

Results:
The average transformation efficiency in four series of experiments (total number of calli - 2299) was found to be 1.84% (ranging from 0.3% to 3.4%), while total co-transformation efficiency reached 87.93%.

Conclusion:
The high efficiency of co-transformation in the experiment promotes it as a very useful technique for the production of wheat lines, free of the selectable marker gene. To our knowledge, this is the first report of cisgenic bread wheat, where both target and selectable genes are derived from wheat.
Patterns of Associations among Resilience, Risk and Protective Factors in Adolescents with Blindness
Authors: Genet Tsigie , Kumar Raghavanpillai S. , Sulphey Manakkattil M. 
Published: May 2021

Aims:Blindness is a bane to humanity globally, and living with blindness is a challenge to anyone – young or old, educated or uneducated, rich or poor. Many countries have high rates of blindness, and Ethiopia is one. The study aims to explore the level of resilience, the extent of risk, and protective factors operating upon blind adolescents in Addis Ababa.Background:Resilience can significantly impact the quality of life of humans. Risk-taking and protective factors found in one's environment are significant predictors of resilience, valid even for the blind. The study intends to explore the level of resilience, the extent of risk, and protective factors operating upon blind adolescents in Addis Ababa.Objectives:The objectives identified for the study are:• To assess the risk and protective factors operating upon Adolescents With Blindness (AWB) and establishing the pattern with which risk factors and protective resources relate to each other and predict resilience.• To investigate the way the type of onset of blindness and some selected demographic variables relate to resilience among AWB.Methods:Data for the study were collected randomly from 80 blind adolescents using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Risk Factors Scale Adolescent Form, and Protective Factors Scale-Adolescent Form. The data were analyzed with t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple linear regression.Results:Low levels of resilience, presence of higher risk factors and serious lack of protective resources existed among AWB. While risk factors were negatively correlated with resilience, protective factors correlated with resilience positively. The risks and protective resources found in various levels of the environment together accounted for 89.3% of the variance in resilience. Gender, time of onset of blindness, parental education and family income influenced resilience.Conclusion:This study presents an all-inclusive picture of the resilience status of AWB’s, the extent of risk and protective factors currently operating upon them under the present context of Addis Ababa. Adolescents having blindness currently living in Addis Ababa are less resilient. They are faced with umpteen risk factors at home, school, neighborhood, community and societal levels.
Modeling Heterogeneous Fleet Vehicle Allocation Problem with Emissions Considerations
Authors: Kazanç Hande C. , Soysal Mehmet , Çimen Mustafa 
Published: May 2021

Aims:
This study proposes a bi-objective linear integer programming model for heterogeneous fleet VAP with emissions considerations. Profit maximization and emissions minimization objectives are employed to handle economic and environmental sustainability purposes.

Background:
Our literature survey shows that there is no model for the heterogeneous fleet VAP with emissions considerations that simultaneously consider vehicle heterogeneity, penalty costs for unmet demands, and emissions from transportation operations.

Objective:
The model is employed to also make several scenario analyses on sustainable freight logistics management to understand the trade-offs among economic and environmental objectives. In freight transportation problems, decision-makers need to be able to maintain profitability and to reduce emissions.

Methods:
In this study, a bi-objective linear integer programming model is proposed for a heterogeneous fleet Vehicle Allocation Problem (VAP) with emissions considerations encountered in the field of sustainable freight transportation.

Results:
In the numerical analyses, various practical assumptions that can be confronted by decision-makers in real life are discussed. In each analysis, total profit and emissions amounts are revealed along with several other KPIs. The results of the analyses provided in this study could also be useful in terms of understanding the relations among pillars of sustainability in VAPs.

Conclusion:
It is thought that the proposed model has the potential to aid decision-making processes in sustainable logistics management.
In the base case analyses, the total profit obtained under profit maximization is about nine times higher than that obtained under emissions minimization. When the aim is to minimize emissions, the total emissions are found to be nearly one-tenth of that of profit maximization. Supported by also additional scenario analyses, it can be concluded that it might not economically viable to be environmentally-friendly for companies. Therefore, companies have to be encouraged or forced to take environmentally and socially responsible actions through legislation. The analyses demonstrated that various legislative policies on emissions may affect the transportation plans differently in such vehicle allocation systems.
Is Infrared Thermography Reliable to Assess Pain in the Trapezius Muscle Region?
Authors: dos Santos Moraes Talita Leite , Lustosa Luma Soares , Santos Ramos Larissa Moura , Boaretto Sabrina Mondadori , de Matos Dihogo Gama , Neto Jader Farias Pereira , Neves Eduardo Borba , dos Santos Heleodório Honorato , Aidar Felipe J. , da Silva Junior Walderi Monteiro 
Published: May 2021

Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the inter- and intra-examiner reliability of infrared thermography (IT) in skin temperature analysis of people with pain complaints in the upper trapezius muscle.

Methods:
A total of 82 subjects (24.8 ± 6.9 years; 63.8 ± 13.1 kg) of both genders who had moderate (VAS-3) or severe pain in the upper trapezius muscle were evaluated. Skin temperatures of four areas (ROIs) were analyzed by IT using a FLIR camera (model T640SC - Sweden). Each evaluator performed two area analyses at different times.

Results:
The evaluation of the four areas indicated a very strong overall intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for both intra-examiner (Examiner 1: ICC = 0.936; 95% CI = 0.905–0.959; P < 0.001; Examiner 2: ICC = 0.979; 95% CI = 0.968–0.987; P < 0.001) and inter-examiner (Measurement 1: ICC = 0.933; 95% CI = 0.902–0.958; P < 0.001; Measurement 2: ICC = 0.979; 95% CI = 0.968–0.987; P < 0.001). The ICC was regular on ROI 3 in the measurement 1 inter-exam test, and the ROI 1, ROI 2, and ROI 4 values were strong; all points were very strong in measurement 2. The ICC was rated from strong to very strong for both examiners in the intra-examiner test at all points.

Conclusion:
IT was reproducible in measuring the upper trapezius muscle skin temperature, and the intra and inter-examiner agreement levels can be used as a reliable tool in clinical practice.
Subduction zone between the paleo-american and the paleo-african plates in New England
Authors: Skehan, S. J. James W. 
Published: May 2021

Las faunas cámbricas y tremadocianas de la provincia acado-báltica presentan grandes semejanzas en ambas orillas del Atlántico (Fig. I). Existen ejemplares del Cámbrico inferior y medio para esta provincia en Massachusetts oriental, y por otra parte hay faunas de la Provincia del Pacifico en Nueva lnglaterra occidental y en el este del estado de Nueva York. La falla Marginal de Boston y su probable continuación al sur marca el borde occidental de la Placa Paleoafricana que contiene las localidades de faunas acado-bálticas (Fig. 2).Adyacente a las localidades acado-bálticas de Massachusetts en dirección oeste, encontrarnos una secuencia de rocas que se interpretan como una secuencia ofiolítica (Figs. 3, 4 y 5), que marcarían una zona de subducción cuyo borde occidental sería la zona de la falla Ointon-Newbury (Fig. 3). La traza de esta falla presenta el lineamiento magnético más conspicuo del sureste de Nueva lnglaterra (Fig. 6), y puede interpretarse como el borde occidental de la Placa Paleo-Americana. Las formaciones Marlboro y Nashoba, y formaciones más recientes sin nombre (Figs. 3 y 4), cuyos protolitos consisten en rocas metavolcánicas y metasedimentarias marinas de la secuencia ofiolítica, representan una corteza ensimática que fue comprimida y deformada intensamente entre las dos placas. Por lo tanto, proponemos una frontera de colisión entre dos placas continentales (Fig. 7) para los Montes Apalachianos del Norte. Se infiere que los mecanismos de la tectónica de placas han estado activos por lo menos desde fines de la era precámbrica.
Emisiones vehiculares en el área metropolitana de la Ciudad de México
Authors: Bravo H. , Espinosa M. , Salazar S. 
Published: May 2021

En el presente estudio se evalúan las emisiones producidas por vehículos, basándose en volúmenes de tránsito y valores de emisiones de los principales contaminantes, obtenidos en función de las distancias recorridas, así como de las velocidades promedio desarrolladas en las diferentes vías. Las arterias principales, consideradas como fuentes lineales de emisión, contribuyen con un 78% de la emisión total producida por vehículos de combustión interna. Las vías lentas son responsables del 44%, las consideradas semirrápidas del 6%, pues son poco numerosas. En lo referente a las vías rápidas, a pesar de su longitud y del gran volumen de vehículos que manejan, únicamente contribuyen con el 28% del total. Las densidades de emisión (ton/km² días) son comparadas con las de la ciudad de Washington, D. C., EUA. Se demuestra que la velocidad es un factor importante que debe tomarse en cuenta en el diseño de vías de comunicación, a fin de reducir el impacto que el tránsito tiene en la contaminación atmosférica. Se observa que las actividades humanas se hallan demasiado centralizadas en la Ciudad de México y como consecuencia, el transporte de y hacia los puntos de mayor actividad, tiene un marcado efecto sobre la calidad del aire.