bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of Ultralow Interfacial Tension Lignosulfonate from Kraft Black Liquor for Enhanced Oil Recovery
Authors: Azis Muhammad Mufti , Febrina Fergie , Anindia Ignesti , Darmawati Galuh Almas , Fenyka Desi Amalia , Purwono Suryo , Rochmadi Rochmadi 
Published: May 2021

Indonesia aims to implement large-scale enhanced oil recovery (EOR) to increase the national oil production. Chemical EOR is a promising technology to boost the production of old reservoirs with the aid of surfactants and polymers. Thus, the production of low-cost EOR surfactants from local resources with acceptable performance is highly attractive. The objective of the present work was to demonstrate the development of low-cost lignosulfonate surfactant production from kraft black liquor (BL). First, lignin was isolated from black liquor using a novel CO2 bubbling technique, followed by addition of coagulants. Next, sodium lignosulfonate (SLS) was synthesized from the resulting lignin, followed by formulation of SLS with octanol and palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) soap to obtain an ultralow interfacial tension (IFT) surfactant. The initial IFT value of the SLS solution was already high at 0.7 mN/m. After formulation, the composition SLS:PFAD soap:octanol = 70:22:8 (wt%) improved the IFT value to 3.1 10-3 mN/m. An ultralow IFT in the range of 10-3 mN/m as achieved here fulfills the required IFT value for EOR surfactant.
Unload Pull-out Test of Full-length Grouted Bolts in Slope Reconstruction and Expansion
Authors: Guan Jiang , Zhongju Feng , Zhao Ruixin , Zhangzhengxu Zhangzhengxu , Wen Junqiang 
Published: May 2021

The Unloading Pull-out Test Method (UPTM) is proposed to evaluate the residual stress of existing anchorage systems and explore the actual stable state of the slope before excavation. A series of destructive pull-out tests are applied to detect the working state of the existing rock bolts. The working load and ultimate load of the existing bolts are determined by field test measurement of the P-S curve. The experimental result showed that a displacement increment of the bolts was present in the elastic stage, the elastoplastic stage, the slip stage, and the debonding stage. The working load and the ultimate load were in the elastoplastic stage and the debonding stage respectively. The working load of the bolts is closely related to the sliding deformation. The ultimate load of the bolts, however, is only related to the design parameters, slope lithology and other factors. After 20 years of natural forces acting on the bolts in the slope, their ultimate bearing capacity had a stress loss of 24.0% ~ 32.0%.
Neonatal bacterial meningitis: Results from a cross-sectional hospital based study
Authors: Softić Izeta , Tahirović Husref , Hasanhodžić Mensuda 
Published: May 2021

<p><strong>Objective.</strong> The aim of the study was to determine the epidemiological characteristics of bacterial meningitis observed in neonates born in the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Clinical Centre Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, admitted to Intensive care unit (NICU) or readmitted, because of suspected infection, after discharge from the nursery. <strong>Subjects and methods.</strong> This study was carried out from July 1, 2012 to June 30, 2013. During this period 4136 neonates were born. All neonates admitted to the Intensive care unit with signs and symptoms of systemic infections, and neonates readmitted to the Intensive care unit, after discharge from the nursery for sepsis work up were included in the study. <strong>Results.</strong> Eighteen of 200 neonates (9%) admitted or readmitted to the NICU developed meningitis. 61% cases were late onset meningitis. The overall incidence was 4.4/1000 live births. The mortality rate was 11.1%. The mean age of symptom presentation was 8.7 days. The most common clinical features were: fever, respiratory distress and jaundice. Significant risk factors for acquiring meningitis were: male gender, Caesarean delivery, stained amniotic fluid. Positive CSF finding were detected in 6/18 (33.3%) of cases. Gram-positive bacteria were more frequently responsible for confirmed meningitis. In all neonates with meningitis blood culture was examined and 5 (50%) yielded Gram-negative bacteria. <strong>Conclusion.</strong> The high rates of neonatal meningitis with predominant late onset may suggest nosocomial origin. Measures to improve antenatal, intrapartum and delivery care and measures during NICU hospitalisation are necessary to lower the risk of nosocomial infections.</p>
Genetic Variability through Induced Mutation
Authors: Saeed Awan Faisal , Sadia Bushra , Altaf Javaria , Habib Madiha , Hameed Kiran , Hussain Shabbir 
Published: May 2021

The success of plant breeding is based on the accessibility of genetic variation, information about desired traits with well-organized approach that make it likely to develop existing genetic resources. Food security demands to break the yield barrier through increasing new cultivars which can adapt to wide range of environment. It is especially important to observe the character association for yield along with its components before recognizing novel technique to break the yield barrier. There are numerous methods for improved exploiting of the inherent genetic makeup of crops with heritable variations. It is recommended that recognized parental resources can also be induced to mutate for unmasking novel alleles of genes that organize the traits suitable for the crop varieties of the 21st century world. Chemical mutagens have extensively been applied to make genetic changes in crop plants for breeding investigation as well as genetic studies. Ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) is the most frequently applied as chemical agents in plants. EMS normally induces GC → AT transitions in the genome causing mutated protein that performed different functions rather than normal. It is exposed that the utilization of EMS is an efficient approach for developing novel gene pool.
Grupo de Terapia Ocupacional na prevenção de recaídas de dependentes químicos
Authors: Silva Meire Luci da , Araujo Maria Eduarda , Silva Nilson Rogério da 
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade de um programa de Terapia Ocupacional na prevenção de recaídas de usuários de substâncias psicoativas. Metodologia: Participaram 74 usuários e foram realizados 28 encontros conduzidos e mediados por terapeutas ocupacionais, em um serviço de saúde mental do interior paulista. Para avaliação foi aplicado questionário semiestruturado para investigar as contribuições do grupo para prevenção à recaída. A análise das respostas fechadas foi por cálculos de estática descritiva e as respostas abertas por análise de conteúdo. Resultados: Verificaram-se resultados positivos e significativos na percepção dos usuários. Como fatores que contribuíram para a efetividade do grupo, destacaram-se: o acolhimento enquanto escuta qualificada das demandas, o uso da atividade e jogos como recurso terapêutico diferencial, a promoção de espaços de discussão, reflexão e trocas de experiências. Conclusão: Os resultados podem nortear intervenções terapêuticas ocupacionais grupais com este público, oferecendo um modelo de atuação prática.
RobôFun: Lições aprendidas em um projeto de atração de novos estudantes e de redução da evasão
Authors: Klein Luan Carlos , Barboza Guilherme Gomes , Cordeiro Júlia Zimmerman , Tacla Cesar Augusto 
Published: May 2021

Este artigo apresenta o projeto RobotFun e seus objetivos: i) permitir que os estudantes do Grupo PET realizem atividades de pesquisa, ensino e extensão sob um único projeto, e ii) ser um meio de atrair estudantes para os cursos de engenharia de computação, ciência da computação e afins, e amenizar a evasão de calouros desses cursos. O grupo desenvolveu um robô que pode ser programado em uma linguagem visual para pessoas leigas na área. O aprendiz pode comandar o robô real ou simular seu comportamento. Os resultados do projeto são apresentados sob a forma de lições aprendidas observando aspectos como a motivação do aluno, a aprendizagem e a gestão das atividades tanto para o projeto robô como para as atividades de ensino.
Fullscale Hydrodynamic Force Measurement on the Berlin Sailing Dynamometer
Authors: Hochkirch Karsten , Brandt Hartmut 
Published: May 2021

At the Institute of Naval Architecture, Marine and Ocean Engineering (ISM), Technical University of Berlin, a research project was initiated investigating prediction methods for hydrodynamic forces acting on sailing yachts.
For a 33ft. sailing yacht model tests with various keel designs and RANSE calculations have been carried out. In order to verify both, a full scale sail-force­dynamometer was built which enables to record the resulting hydrodynamic forces in a seaway without scaling parameters. In addition, separate six and five component balances have been designed for measuring the forces acting on keel and rudder for the model tests as well as on the full scale boat.
The design and construction of the full scale measuring device is presented. Along with some sample measurements a general calibration procedure for inclined multicomponent balances is proposed. A short review of the model tests and RANSE-calculations complement the presentation.
A 1997-1998 Whitbread Sail Program- Lessons Learned
Authors: Ranzenbach Robert C. , Andersson Per , Flynn David 
Published: May 2021

There are many factors critical to the success of a Whitbread Round The World Race™ campaign. One of the most significant is the design, construction, and selection of an individual leg inventory of offwind sails.
As a result of the technical challenges to the experimental and computational analysis of offwind sails, shape development for this class of sails has historically relied upon empirical efforts. An added element for any advanced, state-of-the-art, sail development program is the extensive reliance upon wind tunnel results to guide sail shape improvement and leg inventory selection of offwind sails.
Lessons regarding improved offwind sail shapes, construction techniques, use of exotic materials, and sail trim learned or reinforced during the 1997-98 Whitbread Round the World Race sail development program for Swedish Match, are described with particular emphasis placed on the role of wind tunnel testing.
Relationship Between Nurses’ Readiness and Institutional Readiness in Developing Nursing Career Paths in Public Health Centers
Authors: Afriani Tuti , Hariyati Rr. Tutik Sri , Wulandari Dyah Fitri 
Published: May 2021

Nursing career paths in public health centers have not been well established compared with nurses in hospitals. It is because the nursing career path has a different organizing system, which then becomes an obstacle in implementing the career path for nurses in primary health care. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the relationship between institutional and nurses’ readiness in implementing nursing career paths within public health centers. A cross-sectional study design with questionnaire as instrument was used in this research. A consecutive sampling technique was used to select 93 nurses from 13 public health centers. Furthermore, to identify the objective of this research, the Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between paired data. The results found that institutional readiness was 64 or 71.9% of maximum values, yet nurses’ readiness was 112 or 74.5% of maximum values. Thus, it can be concluded that there was a meaningful relationship between institutional and nurses’ readiness with career path implementation (p< 0.001), indicating a strong positive relationship (r= 0.521). The results of this study are expected to become a baseline data for public health centers and public health offices to establish a professional nursing career path in public health centers. Abstrak Kesiapan Individu Berhubungan dengan Kesiapan Institusi dalam Penerapan Jenjang Karir Perawat di Puskesmas. Implementasi jenjang karir perawat di puskesmas belum terbentuk seperti pelaksanaan jenjang karir perawat di rumah sakit. Pengorganisasi jenjang karir yang berbeda pada pelayanan primer menjadi kendala dalam implementasi jenjang karir perawat di puskesmas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan kesiapan institusi dan kesiapan perawat dalam penerapan jenjang karir perawat di puskesmas. Desain penelitian menggunakan cross sectional menggunakan kuesioner kepada 93 perawat pada 13 puskesmas. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah convenience sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman yang melihat hubungan kesiapan perawat dengan kesiapan intitusi dalam pengembangan jenjang karir perawat di puskesmas. Hasil didapatkan rerata kesiapan insitusi 64 (71,9% dari nilai maksimal), sedangkan kesiapan perawat didapatkan hasil lebih tinggi yaitu 112 (74,5%). Terdapat hubungan secara bermakna kesiapan institusi dengan kesiapan perawat dalam penerapan jenjang karir di puskesmas dengan p< 0,001, arah hubungan positif, dan kekuatan hubungan cukup kuat yaitu r= 0,521. Penelitian ini menjadi data dasar agar puskesmas dan dinas kesehatan dapat menerapkan jenjang karir perawat profesional di puskesmas. Kata Kunci:implementasi, jenjang karir, kesiapan, perawat, puskesmas
School Students’ Perception on Risky Behavior and Their Utilization of Health Care Services
Authors: Che Hasan Muhammad Kamil , Tutasting@Rawi Noor Faizah , Nurumal Mohd Said , Hamid Siti Hazariah Abdul 
Published: May 2021

The Malaysia Ministry of Health reported adolescents’ low utilization of healthcare services, although they need this service as a consequence of their involvement in risky behavior. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine adolescents’ perception on risk-taking behavior and their utilization of health care services. A modified self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 250 secondary school students aged 13 and 14 years in one of the selected schools in Malacca, Malaysia. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20. Fast-food consumption, loitering after school, physical fighting, smoking, and non-use of helmets were the most reported risky behaviors among adolescents in Malaysia. More than half of the adolescents who knew about health care services had a positive perception on their utilization of such services. Thus, the promotion of adolescents’ health services helps increase their use of these services and consequently achieve a healthy lifestyle. Abstrak Persepsi Siswa Sekolah terhadap Perilaku Risiko dan Pemanfaatan Layanan Perawatan Kesehatan. Kementerian Kesehatan Malaysia melaporkan rendahnya pemanfaatan layanan kesehatan oleh remaja, meskipun mereka membutuhkan layanan ini sebagai konsekuensi dari keterlibatan mereka dalam perilaku berisiko. Studi cross-sectional ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi remaja tentang perilaku pengambilan risiko dan pemanfaatannya terhadap layanan perawatan kesehatan. Kuesioner mandiri yang dimodifikasi digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data dari 250 siswa sekolah menengah berusia 13 dan 14 tahun di salah satu sekolah yang dipilih di Malaka, Malaysia. Data dianalisis menggunakan SPSS 20. Konsumsi makanan cepat saji, berkeliaran sepulang sekolah, perkelahian fisik, merokok, dan tidak menggunakan helm adalah perilaku berisiko yang paling banyak dilaporkan di kalangan remaja di Malaysia. Lebih dari setengah remaja yang tahu tentang layanan perawatan kesehatan memiliki persepsi positif tentang pemanfaatan layanan tersebut. Dengan demikian, promosi layanan kesehatan remaja membantu meningkatkan penggunaan layanan ini dan akibatnya mencapai gaya hidup sehat. Kata Kunci: layanan perawatan kesehatan remaja, perilaku berisiko, sekolah
Knowledge transfer in heritage cultural craft, damask weaving
Authors: Jönsson Clary 
Published: May 2021

The hand weaving of damask is no longer a craft that is commonly learned and very few books on the subject have been published in the last century. Damask weaving still exists among private practitioners, but what happens to the knowledge when nobody knows how to dress a loom and weave anymore? The aim of this study is to describe and compare damask weaving from a learning perspective in order to generate knowledge of how damask weaving is described in the literature and how the knowledge is communicated to increase understanding of the learning process and to generate a theoretical understanding of practical knowledge transfer. The method used is a literature study and open interviews with people who teach damask weaving. The study shows that the literature does not provide enough information on how to dress and weave damask. The interviews give a deeper understanding of the practical knowledge. The analysis shows that it is difficult to use only cognitive reading as interpretation from the body and hands are needed and the different steps need to be dissected in detail.
Linear Algebra, Computational
Authors: Durón Christina 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Computational linear algebra is the study of numerical algorithms used to solve linear algebra problems on computers. Consequently, the field can be divided into three parts: discrete computations, constrained optimization, and numerical linear algebra. Due to limitations of space, only the most important topics of numerical linear algebra are discussed. These topics include matrix decompositions, iterative methods for systems of linear equations, updating methods, the underlying principles of numerical stability, accuracy of computed solutions, and high‐quality mathematical software. For each topic, a short overview and best practices are discussed. In selecting or developing methods for solving a problem in computational linear algebra, it is necessary to have an understanding of each of these main features.
Lightweight Ni Foam‐Based Ultra‐Broadband Electromagnetic Wave Absorber
Authors: Qin Ming , Zhang Limin , Zhao Xiaoru , Wu Hongjing 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSkin effect and high density are the main reasons that restrict the search of lightweight and high‐performance metal‐based electromagnetic (EM) wave absorbing materials. Although nanostructured metal materials have been fabricated to solve above problems, poor dispersibility and chemical stability issues brought about by high surface energy due to existing nano‐size effect. In this work, lightweight Ni foam with NiO/NiFe2O4 in situ growth composites are fabricated by a facile and universal route as an effective alternative to high‐performance metal‐based EM wave absorber. Impressively, it is found that the foam structure and NiO/NiFe2O4/Ni components can synergistically boost EM wave absorption capacity. In detail, impedance matching from foam structure and energy dissipation from interfacial polarization and defect induced polarization provided by NiO/NiFe2O4 mainly contributes to its ultra‐broadband EM wave absorption performance. As a result, the as‐prepared sample (0.06 g·cm−3) delivers a wide absorption bandwidth of 14.24 GHz and thin thickness of 0.6 mm, as well as, high specific effective absorption bandwidth of 19444.4 GHz·g−1·cm−2. This work sheds light on the novel view on the synergistic effect of structure and components on EM wave absorption behaviors and demonstrates a new pathway for preparation of lightweight and high‐performance metal‐based EM wave absorbers.
Fast and Accurate Performance Prediction and Optimization of Thermoelectric Generators with Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Wang Pan , Wang Kaifa , Xi Li , Gao Ruxin , Wang Baolin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPredicting the performance of thermoelectric generators (TEGs) is an essential part of designing high‐performance TEGs. However, due to the complexity of the TEG system, the existing methods are either time‐consuming or not precise enough, inconvenient for device optimization. In this paper, the deep learning (DL) method to fast and accurately get the performance of TEG devices is presented. First, the key features of a typical TEG device are captured and the training dataset is prepared based on the extracted features and finite element simulations. Next, a proper deep neural network architecture is acquired and the model is trained to converge at a low loss. Finally, the experimental data is used to validate the generalization ability of the presented model. Besides, the device optimization based on the DL solution is performed and an output power enhancement of up to 182% is achieved for the authors’ sample module. The presented DL solution thus can be well applied in designing or optimizing high‐performance TEGs. Furthermore, the established framework also sheds considerable light on applying the DL approach to solve general engineering problems.
Hot‐Spot Engineering Through Soft Actuators for Surface‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) Applications
Authors: Liman Gorkem , Yildiz Emrecan , Ilhan Hasan , Cetin Arif E. , Demirel Gokhan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSurface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a powerful analytical tool to detect molecular species at ultralow concentrations. However, considering current approaches, controlling and tuning plasmonic hot‐spot formations where the Raman signal enhancements maximize are still challenging due to high process cost, complexity, and inability of large‐area fabrication. To address these problems, a strategy is demonstrated based on the controlled folding of polymeric materials, which is a new perspective in the field of SERS. Manipulation of hot‐spot formations through controlled polymer folding enables a Raman signal enhancement up to 70 folds for the probe methylene blue molecule. Furthermore, sample collection and analysis have been successfully implemented through the magnetic field control of the platform motion and folding manipulation. The results demonstrate that soft actuator platforms can bring new modalities in sensing applications.
ZnSnN2in Real Space and k‐Space: Lattice Constants, Dislocation Density, and Optical Band Gap
Authors: Olsen Vegard Skiftestad , Øversjøen Vetle , Gogova Daniela , Pécz Béla , Galeckas Augustinas , Borgersen Jon , Karlsen Kjetil , Vines Lasse , Kuznetsov Andrej 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSemiconducting II‐IV nitrides exhibit tunability of optoelectronic properties similar to that of the group III nitrides, while comprising earth‐abundant and potentially low‐cost elements. However, the II‐IV nitrides synthesis is immature, limiting the explorations. Herein, ZnSnN2hetero‐epitaxial films grown by high‐power impulse magnetron sputtering, having the quality at the level of the III‐nitrides layers grown without dislocation‐reducing strategies are demonstrated. This breakthrough, in addition to paving the way toward potential applications, enables reliable measurements of the ZnSnN2properties in real space andk‐space. In particular, for wurtzite ZnSnN2films with total dislocation density of ≤ 5 × 1010cm−2, the lattice parameters and the optical band gap (Eg) are determined with the accuracy not being accessible before for this material, e.g.Eg = 1.67 ± 0.03 eV. Thus, looking retrospectively, the authors’ data set the ZnSnN2—and perhaps more generally the II‐IV nitrides—at the stage comparable to that of the beginning of the III‐nitrides rising era.