bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of a Mandatory Prescription Drug Monitoring Program on Patient-initiated Phone Calls After Spine Surgery
Authors: Karamian Brian A. , Jeyamohan Hareindra , Minetos Paul D. , Kothari Parth , Canseco Jose A. , Bowles Daniel R. , Pekuri Anu , Conaway William , DiMaria Stephen L. , Mao Jennifer Z. , Woods Barrett I. , Kaye I. David , Lee Joseph K. , Rihn Jeffrey A. , Hilibrand Alan S. , Kepler Christopher K. , Vaccaro Alexander R. , Schroeder Gregory D. 
Published: December 2021

Study Design:
This was a retrospective cohort study.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of a statewide, government-mandated prescription drug monitoring program (PDMP) on patient-initiated phone calls after lumbar and cervical spinal surgery.

Summary of Background Data:
Prior studies have examined the most common reasons for a postoperative phone calls, most of which pertain to pain or prescription medications. However, no studies have investigated the effects of mandatory opioid prescription reporting on these calls.

Methods:
Patients who underwent lumbar decompression, lumbar fusion, or posterior cervical fusion were retrospectively identified. Patients were sorted into 1 of 2 cohorts based on their procedure date’s relation to the initiation of the state’s PDMP: “pre-PDMP” and “post-PDMP.” All clinical and demographic data were obtained from electronic health records. Telephone communications from or on behalf of patients were retrospectively reviewed. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to determine independent factors associated with a postoperative phone call.

Results:
Five hundred and twenty-five patients (2689 phone calls) were included in the study. Average number of phone calls per patient increased significantly after PDMP implementation among lumbar (3.27 vs. 5.18, P<0.001), cervical (5.08 vs. 11.67, P<0.001), and all (3.59 vs. 6.30, P<0.001) procedures. Age [odds ratio (OR): 1.05 (1.01, 1.09), P=0.02], cervical procedure [OR: 4.65 (1.93, 11.21), P=0.001], and a post-PDMP date of surgery [OR: 6.35 (3.55, 11.35), P<0.001] were independently associated with an increased likelihood of a postoperative phone call. A higher percentage of calls were in reference to postoperative care (4.6% vs. 2.4%, P=0.01) and wound care (4.3% vs. 1.4%, P<0.001) in the post-PDMP cohort compared with the pre-PDMP cohort.

Conclusions:
Patient-initiated telephone calls increased significantly after implementation of a mandatory statewide PDMP. Increasing age, operation involving the cervical spine, and surgery occurring after implementation of the state’s PDMP were independently associated with an increased likelihood of postoperative phone call to health care providers.
Antibody-induced pain-like behavior and bone erosion: links to subclinical inflammation, osteoclast activity, and acid-sensing ion channel 3–dependent sensitization
Authors: Jurczak Alexandra , Delay Lauriane , Barbier Julie , Simon Nils , Krock Emerson , Sandor Katalin , Agalave Nilesh M. , Rudjito Resti , Wigerblad Gustaf , Rogóż Katarzyna , Briat Arnaud , Miot-Noirault Elisabeth , Martinez-Martinez Arisai , Brömme Dieter , Grönwall Caroline , Malmström Vivianne , Klareskog Lars , Khoury Spiro , Ferreira Thierry , Labrum Bonnie , Deval Emmanuel , Jiménez-Andrade Juan Miguel , Marchand Fabien , Svensson Camilla I. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Several bone conditions, eg, bone cancer, osteoporosis, and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), are associated with a risk of developing persistent pain. Increased osteoclast activity is often the hallmark of these bony pathologies and not only leads to bone remodeling but is also a source of pronociceptive factors that sensitize the bone-innervating nociceptors. Although historically bone loss in RA has been believed to be a consequence of inflammation, both bone erosion and pain can occur years before the symptom onset. Here, we have addressed the disconnection between inflammation, pain, and bone erosion by using a combination of 2 monoclonal antibodies isolated from B cells of patients with RA. We have found that mice injected with B02/B09 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) developed a long-lasting mechanical hypersensitivity that was accompanied by bone erosion in the absence of joint edema or synovitis. Intriguingly, we have noted a lack of analgesic effect of naproxen and a moderate elevation of few inflammatory factors in the ankle joints suggesting that B02/B09-induced pain-like behavior does not depend on inflammatory processes. By contrast, we found that inhibiting osteoclast activity and acid-sensing ion channel 3 signaling prevented the development of B02/B09-mediated mechanical hypersensitivity. Moreover, we have identified secretory phospholipase A2 and lysophosphatidylcholine 16:0 as critical components of B02/B09-induced pain-like behavior and shown that treatment with a secretory phospholipase A2 inhibitor reversed B02/B09-induced mechanical hypersensitivity and bone erosion. Taken together, our study suggests a potential link between bone erosion and pain in a state of subclinical inflammation and offers a step forward in understanding the mechanisms of bone pain in diseases such as RA.
Conotoxin contulakin-G engages a neurotensin receptor 2/R-type calcium channel (Cav2.3) pathway to mediate spinal antinociception
Authors: Martin Laurent , Ibrahim Mohab , Gomez Kimberly , Yu Jie , Cai Song , Chew Lindsey A. , Bellampalli Shreya S. , Moutal Aubin , Largent-Milnes Tally , Porreca Frank , Khanna Rajesh , Olivera Baldomero M. , Patwardhan Amol 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Intrathecal application of contulakin-G (CGX), a conotoxin peptide and a neurotensin analogue, has been demonstrated to be safe and potentially analgesic in humans. However, the mechanism of action for CGX analgesia is unknown. We hypothesized that spinal application of CGX produces antinociception through activation of the presynaptic neurotensin receptor (NTSR)2. In this study, we assessed the mechanisms of CGX antinociception in rodent models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Intrathecal administration of CGX, dose dependently, inhibited thermal and mechanical hypersensitivities in rodents of both sexes. Pharmacological and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas9 editing of NTSR2 reversed CGX-induced antinociception without affecting morphine analgesia. Electrophysiological and gene editing approaches demonstrated that CGX inhibition was dependent on the R-type voltage-gated calcium channel (Cav2.3) in sensory neurons. Anatomical studies demonstrated coexpression of NTSR2 and Cav2.3 in dorsal root ganglion neurons. Finally, synaptic fractionation and slice electrophysiology recordings confirmed a predominantly presynaptic effect. Together, these data reveal a nonopioid pathway engaged by a human-tested drug to produce antinociception.
Human immunodeficiency virus p24 antigen and antibody, herpes simplex virus-2 IgM and tumor necrosis factor alpha plasma levels in adult female children living in single-parent households: a case-control observational study
Authors: Olaniyan Mathew Folaranmi , Olaniyan Tolulope Busayo 
Published: December 2021

Objective:
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) p24 antigen and antibody and herpes simplex virus 2 IgM are seromarkers indicating infection with HIV and herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2), respectively, whereas tumor necrosis factor α is an inflammatory biomarker that can be triggered by infections. Female children of single parents are faced with many socio-economic challenges that make them vulnerable to sexual influences and prone to sexually transmitted infections. The goal of this work was to determine HIV p24 antigen/antibody, HSV-2 IgM and tumor necrosis factor-α plasma levels in adult female children living in single-parent households.

Methods:

In this case-control observational study, 100 adult female children living with a single parent (50 living with a single mother and 50 living with a single father; age: 18-22 years) and 100 age-matched women living with both parents were recruited to serve as the test and control groups, respectively. All subjects were negative for acid-fast bacilli, plasmodium, hepatitis C virus, and hepatitis B virus. Human tumor necrosis factor α, HSV-2 IgM, antibody to hepatitis C virus, hepatitis B surface antigen and human immunodeficiency virus p24 antigen and antibody (HIV p24 Ag/Ab) levels were determined by ELISA, while the detection of acid-fast bacilli in sputum and
Plasmodium
in blood was carried out by optical microscopy. This work was carried out in the Owo/Ose Federal Constituency in Ondo State that shares boundaries with Edo State. The study protocol was approved by the Research and Ethical Committee of the Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Achievers University, Owo, Nigeria (AUO/MLS/2020/127) on August 27, 2020.

Results:
HIV p24 Ag/Ab was detected in 0 adult female children living with a single mother, 1 (2%) adult female child living with a single father and 1 (1 %) adult female child living with both parents. HSV-2 IgM was detected in 9 (18%) adult female children living with a single mother, 13 (26%) adult female children living with a single father, and 5 (10%) adult female children living with both parents.

Conclusion:
This work shows that adult female children of single parents are vulnerable to sexual influences, and thereby more prone to HSV-2 and possibly HIV, especially adult female children of single fathers.
Optimizing HIV Prevention Efforts to Achieve EHE Incidence Targets
Authors: Jacobson Evin U. , Hicks Katherine A. , Carrico Justin , Purcell David W. , Green Timothy A. , Mermin Jonathan H. , Farnham Paul G. 
Published: December 2021

Background:
A goal of the US Department of Health and Human Services' Ending the HIV Epidemic (EHE) in the United States initiative is to reduce the annual number of incident HIV infections in the United States by 75% within 5 years and by 90% within 10 years. We developed a resource allocation analysis to understand how these goals might be met.

Methods:
We estimated the current annual societal funding [$2.8 billion (B)/yr] for 14 interventions to prevent HIV and facilitate treatment of infected persons. These interventions included HIV testing for different transmission groups, HIV care continuum interventions, pre-exposure prophylaxis, and syringe services programs. We developed scenarios optimizing or reallocating this funding to minimize new infections, and we analyzed the impact of additional EHE funding over the period 2021–2030.

Results:
With constant current annual societal funding of $2.8 B/yr for 10 years starting in 2021, we estimated the annual incidence of 36,000 new cases in 2030. When we added annual EHE funding of $500 million (M)/yr for 2021–2022, $1.5 B/yr for 2023–2025, and $2.5 B/yr for 2026–2030, the annual incidence of infections decreased to 7600 cases (no optimization), 2900 cases (optimization beginning in 2026), and 2200 cases (optimization beginning in 2023) in 2030.

Conclusions:
Even without optimization, significant increases in resources could lead to an 80% decrease in the annual HIV incidence in 10 years. However, to reach both EHE targets, optimization of prevention funding early in the EHE period is necessary. Implementing these efficient allocations would require flexibility of funding across agencies, which might be difficult to achieve.
Unilateral Approach to Primary Bilateral Trigeminal Neuralgia Via Bilateral Microvascular Decompression
Authors: Liu Yizhe , Zhang Kai , Li Hongxing , Wang Han , Han Guangliang , Zong Qiang 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Primary bilateral trigeminal neuralgia is a rare disease characterized by paroxysmal bilateral facial pain confined to the somatosensory distribution of the trigeminal nerve. Nonetheless, while treatment of bilateral trigeminal neuralgia with microvascular decompression (MVD) has been reported, there have been no trials of a unilateral approach for bilateral MVD.

Methods:
The authors retrospectively analyzed the outcomes and complications of 2 cases of bilateral trigeminal neuralgia treated with MVD by unilateral craniotomy. The 2 patients were followed up for 27 and 32 months, with satisfactory results. One patient developed facial numbness on 1 side postoperatively, which disappeared 3 months later.

Conclusions:
Microvascular decompression is an effective and safe opinion for primary bilateral trigeminal neuralgia that fails to respond adequately to medical therapy. The authors suggest that the initial surgery be performed on the more seriously affected side. Unilateral craniotomy for bilateral MVD represents a new therapeutic approach in patients with an enlarged superior trigeminal nerve space.
A Seldom Seen Complication in the Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block
Authors: Yang Yong , Du Jinjin , Ying Binbin 
Published: December 2021

Purpose:
Introduce Kuhn anemia as a complication during the inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB).

Methods:
Here, the authors reported a lesser-known complication called Kuhn anemia during the IANB. Then, the authors searched and reviewed relevant literature on the Web of Science.

Results:
Vasospasm of the maxillary artery results in the phenomenon. Reasons, such as inaccurate injection, anatomical variation, drug diffusion, and so on, may account for the complication during the IANB.

Conclusions:
All in all, doctors should be prudent before and during the surgery.
QCD factorization and quantum mechanics
Authors: Aidala C. A. , Rogers T. C. 
Published: December 2021

It is unusual to find quantum chromodynamics (QCD) factorization explained in the language of quantum information science. However, we will discuss how the issue of factorization and its breaking in high-energy QCD processes relates to phenomena like decoherence and entanglement. We will elaborate with several examples and explain them in terms familiar from basic quantum mechanics and quantum information science.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Quantum technologies in particle physics’.
Prospective sensitivities of atom interferometers to gravitational waves and ultralight dark matter
Authors: Badurina Leonardo , Buchmueller Oliver , Ellis John , Lewicki Marek , McCabe Christopher , Vaskonen Ville 
Published: December 2021

We survey the prospective sensitivities of terrestrial and space-borne atom interferometers to gravitational waves generated by cosmological and astrophysical sources, and to ultralight dark matter. We discuss the backgrounds from gravitational gradient noise in terrestrial detectors, and also binary pulsar and asteroid backgrounds in space-borne detectors. We compare the sensitivities of LIGO and LISA with those of the 100 m and 1 km stages of the AION terrestrial AI project, as well as two options for the proposed AEDGE AI space mission with cold atom clouds either inside or outside the spacecraft, considering as possible sources the mergers of black holes and neutron stars, supernovae, phase transitions in the early Universe, cosmic strings and quantum fluctuations in the early Universe that could have generated primordial black holes. We also review the capabilities of AION and AEDGE for detecting coherent waves of ultralight scalar dark matter.
AION-REPORT/2021-04
KCL-PH-TH/2021-61, CERN-TH-2021-116
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Quantum technologies in particle physics’.
Towards quantum simulations in particle physics and beyond on noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices
Authors: Funcke L. , Hartung T. , Jansen K. , Kühn S. , Schneider M. , Stornati P. , Wang X. 
Published: December 2021

We review two algorithmic advances that bring us closer to reliable quantum simulations of model systems in high-energy physics and beyond on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. The first method is the dimensional expressivity analysis of quantum circuits, which allows for constructing minimal but maximally expressive quantum circuits. The second method is an efficient mitigation of readout errors on quantum devices. Both methods can lead to significant improvements in quantum simulations, e.g. when variational quantum eigensolvers are used.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Quantum technologies in particle physics’.
In/acceptable marketing and consumers' privacy expectations: four tests from EU data protection law
Authors: Malgieri Gianclaudio 
Published: December 2021

Purpose
This study aims to discover the legal borderline between licit online marketing and illicit privacy-intrusive and manipulative marketing, considering in particular consumers’ expectations of privacy.

Design/methodology/approach
A doctrinal legal research methodology is applied throughout with reference to the relevant legislative frameworks. In particular, this study analyzes the European Union (EU) data protection law [General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)] framework (as it is one of the most advanced privacy laws in the world, with strong extra-territorial impact in other countries and consequent risks of high fines), as compared to privacy scholarship on the field and extract a compliance framework for marketers.

Findings
The GDPR is a solid compliance framework that can help to distinguish licit marketing from illicit one. It brings clarity through four legal tests: fairness test, lawfulness test, significant effect test and the high-risk test. The performance of these tests can be beneficial to consumers and marketers in particular considering that meeting consumers’ expectation of privacy can enhance their trust. A solution for marketers to respect and leverage consumers’ privacy expectations is twofold: enhancing critical transparency and avoiding the exploitation of individual vulnerabilities.

Research limitations/implications
This study is limited to the European legal framework scenario and to theoretical analysis. Further research is necessary to investigate other legal frameworks and to prove this model in practice, measuring not only the consumers’ expectation of privacy in different contexts but also the practical managerial implications of the four GDPR tests for marketers.

Originality/value
This study originally contextualizes the most recent privacy scholarship on online manipulation within the EU legal framework, proposing an easy and accessible four-step test and twofold solution for marketers. Such a test might be beneficial both for marketers and for consumers’ expectations of privacy.
Morphology of septomarginal trabeculae in Hatay mountain gazelle (Gazella gazella)
Authors: Erdem Baran , Tutar Tolga , Takci Lutfi , Akaydin Bozkurt Yeşim , Ateş Sevinç 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study was conducted to reveal the anatomical and histological features of left and right septomarginal trabeculae in the heart of the Hatay mountain gazelle. In the study, two female and two male adult Hatay mountain gazelle hearts were used. For this purpose, the materials detected in 10% formaldehyde solution were stained with Crossman's modified triple staining technique and examined under a light microscope after anatomical examinations and measurements were made. The presence of trabeculae in both ventricles was demonstrated. While the number of septomarginal trabeculae was 1 in each of the samples in the right ventricle, it was determined that it was 2 in each of three hearts and 3 in one heart in the left ventricle. It was observed that the right trabeculae were unbranched and fleshy, while the left trabeculae were filamentous and mostly branched. The lengths and thicknesses of the right trabeculae were measured 12–17 mm and 3–4 mm and the lengths and thicknesses of the left trabeculae were measured 6–15 mm and 0.5–1 mm. In the histological examination of both trabeculae, connective tissue, Purkinje fibres and blood vessels were observed, in addition, it was detected that the right trabeculae had myocardial fibres. Few capillaries were found in the left trabecula, while both more capillaries and blood vessels were found in the right trabeculae.
Hereditary spastic paraplegia associated with a novel homozygous intronic noncanonical splice site variant in the AP4B1 gene
Authors: Gómez‐González Clara , Pizarro‐Sánchez Cristina , Rodríguez‐Antolín Carlos , Pascual‐Pascual Ignacio , Garcia‐Romero Mar , Rodriguez‐Jiménez Carmen , de Sancho‐Martín Rubén , del Pozo‐Mate Ángela , Solís‐López Mario , Prior‐de Castro Carmen , Torres Rosa J 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPathogenic variants in the AP4B1 gene lead to a rare form of hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) known as SPG47. We report on a patient with a clinical suspicion of complicated HSP of the lower limbs with intellectual disability, as well as a novel homozygous noncanonical splice site variant in the AP4B1 gene, in which the effect on splicing was validated by RNA analysis.We sequenced 152 genes associated with HSP using Next‐Generation Sequencing (NGS). We isolated total RNA from peripheral blood and generated cDNA using reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). A region of AP4B1 mRNA was amplified by PCR and the fragments obtained were purified from the agarose gel and sequenced.We found a homozygous variant of uncertain significance in the AP4B1 gene NM_006594.4: c.1511‐6C>G in the proband. Two different AP4B1 mRNA fragments were obtained in the patient and his carrier parents. The shorter fragment was the predominant fragment in the patient and revealed a deletion with skipping of the AP4B1 exon 10. The patient's longer fragment corresponded to an insertion of the last five nucleotides of AP4B1 intron 9. We confirmed that this variant affects the normal splicing of RNA, sustaining the molecular diagnosis of SPG47 in the patient.
Persistent Descending Mesocolon as An Intraoperative Risk Factor in Laparoscopic Surgery for Left‐Sided Colon and Rectal Cancer
Authors: Hamada Kiyoaki , Sumida Yorihisa , Ozeki Keisuke , Kiya Soichiro , Hashimoto Shintaro , Nishimuta Masato , Shibuya Ayako , Kugiyama Tota , Wakata Koki , Araki Masato 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionPersistent descending mesocolon (PDM) represents a failure of fusion of the descending mesentery, leading to anatomical abnormalities. This study aimed to examine the effects of anatomical features of PDM on laparoscopic surgical outcomes.MethodsPatient backgrounds, surgical outcomes, anatomical characteristics, and operative findings were retrospectively compared between 186 patients classified into PDM and non‐PDM groups who underwent primary resection for left‐sided colon and rectal cancer at our hospital from January 2019 to December 2020.ResultsPDM was diagnosed in nine patients (4.8%). The operative time (337 ± 165 vs 239 ± 107 min, p = 0.010) was significantly different between PDM and non‐PDM groups, but bleeding loss was not different (108 ± 97 ml vs 53 ± 142 ml, p = 0.259). In PDM patients, in addition to abnormal fixation of the sigmoid‐descending colon junction, adhesion of the mesentery of the colon and small intestine in 100%, and adhesion between the mesocolon in 33% patients was confirmed intraoperatively. Ileus was more common in the PDM group (two cases, 22%) and in the non‐PDM group (10 cases, 5.6%), but there was no significant difference in overall postoperative complications between the two groups (p = 0.215). The duration of postoperative hospital stay (28 ± 20 vs 16 ± 11 days, p = 0.002) was significant between the two groups. The left colonic artery (LCA) could not be preserved in six patients in the PDM group, one of whom had anastomotic leakage and two of whom required additional resections due to intraoperative intestinal blood flow failure.ConclusionPDM prolonged operative times and duration of postoperative stay in laparoscopic surgery for left‐sided colon and rectal cancer. Division of the LCA in PDM patients should be considered an intraoperative risk factor for injury to the marginal artery.