bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary Hypertension Is Associated With Systemic Arterial Hypertension Among Patients With Normal Left Ventricular Diastolic Function
Authors: Itelman Edward , Segel Michael J. , Kuperstein Rafael , Feinberg Micha , Segev Amit , Segal Gad , Maor Elad , Grossman Ehud 
Published: December 2021

Background
The association of pulmonary and systemic arterial hypertension is believed to be mediated through hypertensive left heart disease. The purpose of the current study was to investigate whether pulmonary hypertension (PHT) is associated with systemic arterial hypertension among patients with apparently normal left ventricular diastolic function.

Methods and Results

Consecutive patients who had echocardiographic evaluation between 2007 and 2019 were enrolled. Patients with disease states that are known to be associated with PHT, including diastolic dysfunction, were excluded from the analysis. Estimated right ventricular systolic pressure was extracted for all patients from the echocardiographic reports. PHT was defined as estimated right ventricular systolic pressure >40 mm Hg. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied. Final study population included 25 916 patients with a median age of 59 (interquartile range, 44–69) years, of whom 12 501 (48%) were men and 13 265 (51%) had systemic arterial hypertension. Compared with normotensive patients, hypertensive patients were 3.2 times more likely to have PHT (95% CI, 2.91–3.53;
P
<0.001). A multivariate model adjusted for clinical and echocardiographic parameters that are known to be associated with PHT demonstrated that hypertensive patients are almost 3 times more likely to have PHT (95% CI, 2.45–3.15;
P
<0.001). The association was significant in multiple subgroups but was more significant among women compared with men (odds ratio, 3.1 versus 2.4;
P
for interaction <0.001).

Conclusions
PHT is associated with systemic arterial hypertension irrespective of left heart disease. The association is more pronounced among women.
Genome wide identification of mungbean (Vigna radiata [L.] R. Wilczek) Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA) protein gene family
Authors: Likhith Rampura K. , Alagarasan Ganesh , Muthurajan Raveendran , Parasuraman Boominathan , Subramanian Rajesh 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) an important legume crop with valuable nutritional and health benefits is severely affected by drought conditions. Desiccation tolerance is a capacity of seeds to survive and maintain physiological activities during storage and stress conditions. LEA proteins are group of stress associated proteins that help the plants survive water deficit stress. Here we have performed genome-wide analysis of mungbean LEA (VrLEA) genes, and also insilico physical/functional characterization. Gene-positioning showed that 307 VrLEAs are present in all the eleven chromosomes, but are unevenly distributed. Upstream promoter sequence analysis of LEA genes revealed the occurrence of MYB transcription factor (TF)in higher number compared to other TFs i.e., bZIP, AP2, WRKY, NAC and bHLH.Further, we downstreamed our analysis to fewer VrLEAs, based on drought responsive data. The VrLEAs obtained from the earlier experimental data were examined for its organelle localization and found that they are intracellular functional proteins.
The Spatial History of Revelation in Carl Ritter’s Erdkunde (1817–59)
Authors: Benes Tuska 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Traditional theological concepts, including revelation, shaped academic disciplines as they emerged in nineteenth-century Germany. The first university professor of geography, Carl Ritter, crafted an intriguing spatial history of revelation in his masterful Earth Science in Relation to Nature and the History of Man (1817–1859). The teleological bent of Ritter’s geography and his commitment to intelligent design have encouraged most commentators to regard Ritter as a late manifestation of physicotheology. However, this long-standing explanation of a crucial geographer’s religious platform misconstrues the field’s theological commitments. Physicotheology suffered irreversible losses in the German states in the late eighteenth century. Ritter’s adherence to primordial revelation and biblical literalism typify the religious awakening of the Napoleonic period more than enlightened rationalism. He is best understood as a geographer of religion, dedicated to evangelical missions and intrigued by how the Earth’s features shaped the spread and transformation of religious ideas and practices, including Buddhism.
An Algorithm for Detecting the Chesapeake Bay Breeze from Mesoscale NWP Model Output
Authors: Hawbecker Patrick , Knievel Jason C. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A novel algorithm is developed for detecting and classifying the Chesapeake Bay breeze and similar water-body breezes in output from mesoscale numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. To assess the generality of the new model-based detection algorithm (MBDA), it is tested on simulations from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model and on analyses and forecasts from the High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) model. The MBDA outperforms three observation-based detection algorithms (OBDAs) when applied to the same model output. In addition, by defining the onshore wind directions on the basis of model land-use data and not on the actual geography of the region of interest, performance of the OBDAs with model output can be improved. Although simulations by the WRF Model were used to develop the new MBDA, it performed best when applied to HRRR analyses. The generality of the MBDA is promising, and additional tuning of its parameters might improve it further.
Impact of Adenotonsillectomy on Homework Performance in Children With Obstructive Sleep-Disordered Breathing
Authors: Wu Derek , Au Vivienne H. , Yang Billy , Horne Sylvia J. , Weedon Jeremy , Bernstein Michelle J. , Goldstein Nira A. 
Published: December 2021

Objective: As a first line treatment for pediatric obstructive sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), adenotonsillectomy (AT) has been shown to confer physiologic and neurocognitive benefits to a child. However, there is a scarcity of data on how homework performance is affected postoperatively. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of AT on homework performance in children with SDB. Methods: Children in grades 1 to 8 undergoing AT for SDB based on clinical criteria with or without preoperative polysomnography along with a control group of children undergoing surgery unrelated to the treatment of SDB were recruited. The primary outcome of interest was the differential change in homework performance between the study group and control at follow-up as measured by the validated Homework Performance Questionnaire (HPQ-P). Adjustments were made for demographics and Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) scores. Results: 116 AT and 47 control subjects were recruited, and follow-up data was obtained in 99 AT and 35 control subjects. There were no significant differences between the general (total) HPQ-P scores and subscale scores between the AT and control subjects at entry and there were no significant differences in the change scores (follow-up minus initial scores) between the groups. Regression modeling also demonstrated that there were no group (AT vs control) by time interactions that predicted differential improvements in the HPQ-P ( P > .10 for each model) although initial PSQ score was a significant predictor of lower HPQ-P scores for all models. Conclusions: Children with SDB experienced improvement in HPQ-P scores postoperatively, but the degree of change was not significant when compared to controls. Further studies incorporating additional educational metrics are encouraged to assess the true scholastic impact of AT in children with SDB.
Feasibility and Effectiveness of Telecounseling on the Psychological Problems of Frontline Healthcare Workers Amidst COVID-19: A Randomized Controlled Trial from Central India
Authors: Gupta Snehil , Kumar Mohit , Rozatkar Abhijit R. , Basera Devendra , Purwar Shashank , Gautam Disha , Jahan Rahat 
Published: December 2021

Background: Preliminary reports suggest that during the COVID-19 pandemic, telecounseling could be an effective model of psychological intervention for the frontline healthcare workers (fHCW) with psychological problems. Literature is sparse in this area, particularly from low- and middle-income countries, including India. We aimed to investigate the feasibility and the effectiveness of telecounseling (vs. general education) on the psychological problems of the fHCW over three time-points (baseline vs. end-of-session and at two and four weeks after the intervention). Methods: The study followed a single-blind, active arm versus general education, parallel-group randomized control design, with participant allocation in 1:1. Active healthcare workers (HCWs) with mild- to-severe or clinically concerning scores on any of the sub-scales of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) or Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R; represented by higher scores) were included, while those with known psychiatric illness were excluded. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U test and linear-mixed effect model (group-, time, and group by time-effect) were used for analysis. Results: There were no baseline group differences (telecounseling group, active arm, n = 9; general education group, control arm, n = 10). A significant time-effect (P = 0.044 to <.001) was found on DASS-21 on intention-to-treat analysis. Per-protocol analysis, additionally, found a significant group effect on Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R; P = 0.036). A significant random effect of the participants was also found (P <.001). Conclusion: Telecounseling could be a feasible and scalable model of psychological interventions for the fHCW with psychological problems, albeit with some feasibility challenges.
Habitual caffeine consumption moderates the antidepressant effect of dorsomedial intermittent theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation
Authors: Frick Andreas , Persson Jonas , Bodén Robert 
Published: December 2021

Background: Potentiating current antidepressant treatment is much needed. Based on animal studies, caffeine may augment the effects of currently available antidepressants. Objective: Here, we tested whether habitual caffeine consumption moderates the antidepressant effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) using intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS). Methods: Forty patients with current depressive episodes were randomized to active iTBS ( n = 19) or sham treatment ( n = 21; shielded side of the coil and weak transcutaneous electrical stimulation) delivered two times per day for 10–15 weekdays. Neuronavigated stimulation was applied to the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex. Symptom improvement was measured using change in self-reported Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) scores. Pretreatment habitual caffeine consumption was quantified using self-reports of number of cups of coffee and energy drinks consumed the 2 days before the treatment starts. Results: Habitual caffeine consumption was associated with symptom improvement following active iTBS ( r = 0.51, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.08–0.78, p = 0.025) but not following sham treatment ( r = −0.02, 95% CI: −0.45 to 0.42, p = 0.938). A multiple regression analysis corroborated the findings by showing a significant caffeine consumption × treatment group interaction (β = 0.62, p = 0.043), but no main effects of treatment group (β = 0.22, p = 0.140) or caffeine consumption (β = −0.01, p = 0.948). No group differences in pretreatment symptom scores or caffeine consumption were detected ( p values > 0.86). Conclusion: Habitual caffeine consumption moderated the antidepressant effect of dorsomedial iTBS, consistent with caffeine improving antidepressant pharmacological treatments in animals. Caffeine is an antagonist of adenosine receptors and may enhance antidepressant effects through downstream dopaminergic targets.
The Validation and Reliability of the Food and Health Questionnaire to Assess Health and Nutrition Knowledge
Authors: Alhaj Omar A. , Al-Sayyed Hiba F. , Charouf Ola M. , Jahrami Haitham , Morris Keith 
Published: December 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to translate and test the content validity and reliability of an English questionnaire used in the American food and health survey. Methods: The questionnaire was developed using 6 stages, then examined for test–retest. A total of 672 participants were recruited for validation and reliability. Validity test was performed using a correlation coefficient to measure the linear correlation between 2 questions at one given time. Moreover, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin, Measure of Sampling Adequacy, and Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity were performed to statistically determine the suitability for conducting exploratory factor analysis. Furthermore, reliability tests using Cronbach α was used to estimate the reliability coefficient properties of the translated scale. Finally, the most important correlated questions was plotted using a color-coded correlogram. Results: The test–retest reliability of all tested items was significantly correlated. The reliability test for all questions was 0.9. The cross-correlation test showed that all questions of the translated questionnaire were correlated significantly ( P < .05) indicating reliability of the questionnaire. Conclusion: The tested questionnaire is applicable and may be used in population-based studies to raise awareness regarding health, food consumption, nutrition, and food safety among people in Jordan and/or other Arab countries.
Youth Perspectives on Integrated Youth Services: A Discrete Choice Conjoint Experiment
Authors: Henderson Joanna , Hawke Lisa D. , Iyer Srividya N. , Hayes Em , Darnay Karleigh , Mathias Steve , Thabane Lehana 
Published: December 2021

Objective Integrated youth services (IYS) are an emerging model of care offering a broad range of mental health and social services for youth in one location. This study aimed to determine the IYS service characteristics most important to youth, as well as to determine whether different classes of youth have different service preferences, and if so, what defines these classes. Methods Ontario youth aged 14–29 years with mental health challenges were recruited to participate in a discrete choice experiment (DCE) survey. The DCE contained 12 attributes, each represented by 4 levels representing core characteristics of IYS models. To supplement the DCE questions, demographic information was collected and a mental health screener was administered. Preferences were examined, latent class analyses were conducted, and latent classes were compared. Results As a whole, participants endorsed the IYS model of service delivery. Among 274 youth, there were three latent classes: 1) the Focused Service (37.6%) latent class prioritized efficient delivery of mental health services. 2) The Holistic Services (30.3%) latent class prioritized a diverse array of mental health and social services delivered in a timely fashion. 3) The Responsive Services (32.1%) latent class prioritized services that matched the individual needs of the youth being served. Differences between classes were observed based on sociodemographic and clinical variables. Conclusions IYS is an acceptable model of care, in that it prioritizes components that reflect youth preferences. The differences in preference profiles of different groups of youth point to the need for flexible models of service delivery. Service design initiatives should take these preferences into account, designing services that meet the needs and preferences of a broad range of youth. Working locally to co-design services with the youth in the target population who wish to be engaged will help meet the needs of youth.
Experimental analysis of dropwise condensation heat transfer on a finned tube: Impact of pitch size
Authors: Aminian Ehsan , Saffari Hamid 
Published: December 2021

Condensation is one of the essential processes in diverse industries due to its widespread use in various industrial applications such as power generation, water desalination, and air conditioning. Much research has been conducted to achieve better efficiencies and better heat transfer performances in condensers in the past decades. Condensation is divided into dropwise and filmwise based on the surface free energy, surface roughnesses, and condensate characteristics. This study investigated the influence of the 1-Octadecanethiol coating on vertically grooved copper tube’s condensation heat transfer characteristics. The hydrophobic surfaces have been created using self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on the pure copper tubes (99.9% Cu). Moreover, four different pitch sizes of 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3.5 mm have been implemented on the surface. Finally, the heat flux and the heat transfer coefficient as functions of logarithmic mean temperature difference are reported in the result section. For validation, the results obtained from the experiment were compared with available data in the literature, and an acceptable agreement was achieved. According to the results, it was found that the 1.5-mm pitch size has the highest heat flux, and the 3.5-mm pitch size has the lowest heat flux. Additionally, it can be inferred that the maximum heat flux of 696.71 kW/m2 was attributed to the 1.5-mm pitch size for logarithmic mean temperature differences of 64.3 K, which is approximately 1.24 times higher compared to the plain tube.
Systemic erythematosus lupus and pregnancy outcomes in a Colombian cohort
Authors: Erazo-Martínez Valeria , Nieto-Aristizábal Ivana , Ojeda Isabella , González Michelle , Aragon Cristian C , Zambrano María Andrea , Tobón Gabriel J , Arango Johanna , Echeverri Alex , Aguirre-Valencia David 
Published: December 2021

Objective Pregnant women with SLE have higher probabilities of maternal complications. SLE during pregnancy has alternating patterns of remission and flare-ups; however, most pregnant SLE patients tend to worsen with associated poor obstetric and perinatal outcomes. This study aimed to describe obstetric outcomes in pregnant women with SLE. Methods This retrospective study was performed between 2011 and 2020 at a highly complex referral health center in Cali, Colombia. Pregnant women with a diagnosis of SLE were included. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory features and obstetric and fetal outcomes, including intensive care unit (ICU) characteristics, were evaluated. Results Forty-eight pregnant women with SLE were included. The median age was 29 (25–33.7) years. The SLE diagnosis was made before pregnancy in 38 (79.1%) patients, with a median disease duration of 46 (12–84) months. Thirteen (27.1%) patients had lupus nephritis. Preterm labor (34, 70.8%), preeclampsia (25, 52%), and preterm rupture of membranes (10, 20.8%) were the most common obstetric complications. A relationship between a greater systemic lupus erythematosus pregnancy disease activity index (SLEPDAI) and the development of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy was established (preeclampsia = p < 0.0366; eclampsia = p < 0.0153). A relationship was identified between lupus nephritis (LN) and eclampsia ( p < 0.01), preterm labor ( p < 0.045), and placental abruption ( p < 0.01). Seventeen (35.4%) patients required ICU admission; 52.9% of them were due to AID activity, 17.6% for cardiovascular damage, 11.7% for septic shock, and 5.8% for acute kidney failure. Fetal survival was 89.5% ( N = 43/48). Among the live births, two (4.2%) newborns were diagnosed with neonatal lupus, and two (4.2%) were diagnosed with congenital heart block. One maternal death was registered due to preeclampsia and intraventricular hemorrhage. Conclusions This study is the first to describe SLE during pregnancy in Colombia. SLE was the most prevalent AID in this cohort, and complications included preterm labor, preeclampsia, and postpartum hemorrhage. A higher SLEPDAI and lupus nephritis predicted adverse maternal outcomes.
Caregiver decision-making concerning involuntary treatment in dementia care at home
Authors: Moermans Vincent RA , Mengelers Angela MHJ , Bleijlevens Michel HC , Verbeek Hilde , de Casterle Bernadette Dierckx , Milisen Koen , Capezuti Elizabeth , Hamers Jan PH 
Published: December 2021

Background: Dementia care at home often involves decisions in which the caregiver must weigh safety concerns with respect for autonomy. These dilemmas can lead to situations where caregivers provide care against the will of persons living with dementia, referred to as involuntary treatment. To prevent this, insight is needed into how family caregivers of persons living with dementia deal with care situations that can lead to involuntary treatment. Objective: To identify and describe family caregivers’ experiences regarding care decisions for situations that can lead to involuntary treatment use in persons living with dementia at home. Research design: A qualitative descriptive interview design. Data were analysed using the Qualitative Analysis Guide of Leuven. Participants and research context: A total of 10 family caregivers providing care for 13 persons living with dementia participated in in-depth semi-structured interviews. Participants were recruited by registered nurses via purposive sampling. Ethical consideration: The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University Hospitals Leuven and the Medical Ethical Test Committee Zuyderland. Findings: Family caregivers experience the decision-making process concerning care dilemmas that can lead to involuntary treatment as complicated, stressful and exhausting. Although they consider safety and autonomy as important values, they struggle with finding the right balance between them. Due to the progressive and unpredictable nature of dementia, they are constantly seeking solutions while they adapt to new situations. Family caregivers feel responsible and experience social pressure for the safety of persons living with dementia. They may be blamed if something adverse happens to the persons living with dementia, which increases an already stressful situation. Their experience is influenced by characteristics of the care triad (persons living with dementia, professional and family caregivers) such as practical and emotional support, knowledge, and previous experiences. Discussion and conclusion: To prevent involuntary treatment, professionals need to proactively inform family caregivers, and they need to support each other in dealing with complex care situations.