bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic Variability and Population Structure of Ethiopian Sesame (Sesamum Indicum L.) Germplasm Assessed Through Phenotypic Traits and Simple Sequence Repeats Markers
Authors: Teklu Desawi Hdru , Shimelis Hussein , Tesfaye Abush , Mashilo Jacob , Zhang Xiurong , Zhang Yanxin , Dossa Komivi , Shayanowako Admire 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background Ethiopia is one of the centres of genetic diversity of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). The sesame genetic resources present in the country should be explored for local, regional and international sesame improvement programs to design high performing and market preferred varieties. This study's objectives were to determine the extent of genetic variation among 100 diverse cultivated sesame germplasm collections of Ethiopia using phenotypic traits and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to select distinct and complementary specimens for breeding. One-hundred sesame entries were field evaluated at two locations in Ethiopia for agro-morphological traits and seed oil content using a 10 × 10 lattice design with two replications. Test specimens were profiled using 27 selected polymorphic SSR markers. Results The analysis of variance revealed significant (P ≤ 0.05) entry by environment interaction for plant height, internode length, number of secondary branches, and seed yield. Genotypes such as Hirhir Kebabo Hairless-9, Setit-3, Orofalc ACC-2, Hirhir Humera Sel-6, ABX=2-01-2, and Setit-1 recorded higher grain yield of > 0.73 ton ha-1 with excellent performance in yield component such as oil and seed yield per hectare. Seed yield had positive and significant (p < 0.01) associations with oil yield (r = 0.99) useful for simultaneous selection for yield improvement in sesame. The SSR markers revealed gene diversity and polymorphic information content of 0.30 and 0.25, respectively, showing that the tested sesame accessions were genetically diverse. Cluster analysis resolved the accessions into two groups, while population structure analysis revealed four major heterotic groups, this enabling selection and subsequent crosses to develop breeding populations for cultivar development.Conclusions Based on phenotypic and genomic divergence, the following complementary specimens were selected: Hirhir Humera Sel-6, Setit-3, Hirhir Kebabo Hairless Sel-4, Hirhir Nigara 1st Sel-1, Humera-1 and Hirhir Kebabo Early Sel-1 (from cluster II-a), Hirhir kebabo hairless-9, NN-0029(2), NN0068-2 and Bawnji Fiyel Kolet, (from cluster II-b). The selected genetic resources are recommended for use in sesame production and breeding programs in Ethiopia.
Phosphomolybdic Acid-Catalyzed Oxidative Degradation of Waste Starch: A New Strategy For Handling The Pulping Wastewater
Authors: Qiao Yongzhen , Yang Weisheng , Wang Xiu , Jiao Liang , Yang Yiqin , Wang Shumei , Bian Huiyang , Dai Hongqi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
When old corrugated cardboard (OCC) is returned to the paper mill for repulping and reuse, the starch, which is added to the paper surface as a reinforcement agent, is dissolved into the pulping process water. Most of the OCC pulping wastewater is recycled to save precious water resources; however, during the water recycling process, the accumulation of dissolved starch stimulates microbial reproduction, which causes poor water quality and putrid odor. This problem seriously affects the stability of the papermaking process and product quality. In this study, phosphomolybdic acid (H3PMo12O40, abbreviated as PMo12) was utilized to oxidatively degrade the waste starch present in papermaking wastewater to monosaccharides, realizing the resource utilization of waste starch. The results showed that the optimized yield of total reducing sugar (73.54 wt%) and glycolic acid (11.05 wt%)was achieved at 145 °C with 30 wt% PMo12, which is equivalent to 84.59 wt% starch recovered from wastewater. In addition, the regeneration of the reduced PMo12 was realized applying a potential of 1 V for 2 h. Overall, this study has theoretical significance and potential application value for resource utilization of waste starch in OCC pulping process and cleaner management of OCC waste paper.
Measuring Social Processes in Weight Management: The Weight-Related Interactions Scale (WRIS)
Authors: Rieger Elizabeth , Lee Yee Fong , Monaghan Conal , Zwickert Kristy , Murray Kristen 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose

This study sought to develop a psychometrically-sound measure to assess effective and ineffective forms of input from others for managing one’s weight, namely, the Weight-Related Interactions Scale (WRIS).
Methods

Participants (n = 736) were adults in the overweight/obese weight range who completed the WRIS and measures of weight-specific social support, emotional eating, weight-related stigma, eating-specific self-efficacy, and social desirability.
Results

Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of the WRIS supported a three-factor solution of ‘Criticism’, ‘Minimization’, and ‘Collaboration’ as forms of weight-related input from others. Support was found for the reliability and the concurrent, convergent, and divergent validity of the WRIS.
Conclusions

The WRIS is a promising new instrument for comprehensively assessing the input of others in relation to managing one’s weight, eating, and physical activity.
Level of evidence:

Level III. Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies.
Disruption of circadian clocks promote progression of Alzheimer's disease in diabetic mice
Authors: Huang Jiaojiao , Peng Xuemin , Fan Rongping , Dong Kun , Shi Xiaoli , Zhang Shujun , Yu Xuefeng , Yang Yan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The circadian clock is an endogenous system designed to anticipate and adapt to daily changes in the environment. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, which is more popular in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the effect of circadian disorder on mental and physical health for T2DM patients are not yet fully understood, even though circadian disruption has been confirmed to promote the progression of AD in population. By housing db/db mice on a disrupted (6:18 light/dark cycle) circadian rhythm, we assessed the circadian gene expression, body weight, cognitive ability and AD-related pathophysiology. Our results indicated housing in these conditions had disrupted diurnal circadian rhythms in hippocampus and contributed to weight gain. In the brain, circadian-disrupted db/db mice showed a decreased cognitive ability and an increased hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, even though no difference was found in Aβ deposition. We also found that the hyperphosphorylated tau protein exhibited more disruptive daily oscillations in db/db mice hippocampus under 6:18 light/dark cycle. circadian alterations could promote the development of AD in T2DM.
Suicide in Prison and After Release: A 17-Year National Cohort Study
Authors: Bukten Anne , Stavseth Marianne Riksheim 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundTo describe all suicides in the Norwegian prison population from 2000 to 2017, during and following imprisonment; to investigate the timing of suicides; and to investigate the associations between risk of suicide and types of crime.Methods.We used data from the Norwegian Prison Release study (nPRIS) including complete national register data from the Norwegian Prison Register and the Norwegian Cause of Death Register in the period 1.1.2000 to 31.12.2016, consisting of 96 856 individuals. All suicides were classified according to ICD-10 codes X60-X84. We calculated crude mortality rates (CMRs) per 100 000 person-years and used a Cox Proportional-Hazards regression model to investigate factors associated with suicide during imprisonment and after release reported as hazard ratios (HRs).ResultsSuicide accounted for about 10% of all deaths in the Norwegian prison population and was the leading cause of death in prison (53% of in deaths in prison). The CMR per 100 000 person years for in-prison suicides was 133.8 and was ten times higher (CMR = 1535.0) on day one of incarceration. Suicides after release (overall CMR = 82.8) also peaked on day one after release (CMR = 665.7). Suicide in prison and after release were both associated with being convicted of murder (HR: 27.41, CI: 3.42-219.63 and HR: 2.79, CI: 1.54–5.06, respectively).ConclusionThere is a high risk of suicide during the immediate first period of incarceration and after release. Convictions for severe violent crime, especially murder, are associated with increased suicide risk, both in prison and after release.
Enhancement of Dielectric Responses and Conduction Properties of Zn-doped TiO2 for Energy Storage and Photosensitivity Applications
Authors: Dhaou Mariem , Elaloui Elimame , Khirouni Kamel , Guermazi Hajer , GUERMAZI Samir 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This work deals with the physical investigations on Zn-doped TiO2 synthesized via a solvent controlled non-aqueous sol–gel route. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that TiO2 particles crystallized in both tetragonal anatase and rutile structures. FTIR analysis confirmed the insertion of Zn in TiO2 network, and revealed the presence of surface defects in the prepared powders, as proved by their porous morphologies. UV-visible absorption was performed to provide an insight into the band-gap variation in the Zn-doped TiO2 nanopowders as a function of Zn doping. On the other hand, the electrical properties were studied using complex impedance spectroscopy in the frequency range from 40Hz to 1MHz at temperature range 480-600K. The impedance plots are well fitted to an (R1//C1)-(R2//CPE1) equivalent circuit. As well, the correlated barrier hopping model (CBH) was proposed to describe the conduction mechanism. Finally, Photocatalytic activities of the Zn doped TiO2 nanoparticles were evaluated via the degradation of the rhodamine B (RhB) dye under UV light irradiation. The results showed enhanced performance by Zn-doping, compared to the undoped TiO2 nanoparticles.
The Characteristics of the Immune Cell Profiles in Peripheral Blood in Cholangiocarcinoma Patients
Authors: Kida Akihiko , Mizukoshi Eishiro , Kido Hidenori , Toyama Tadashi , Terashima Takeshi , Arai Kuniaki , Yamashita Tatsuya , Fushimi Kazumi , Yamashita Taro , Sakai Yoshio , Honda Masao , Uchiyama Akio , Sakai Akito , Shimizu Koichi , Kaneko Shuichi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundImmune related cells are known to be closely related to the therapeutic effects and prognoses of cancer patients. In this study, we analyzed immune cell profiles (ICP) of cholangiocarcinoma patients (CCA). MethodsTo measure the frequency of immune cells, peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 41 CCA and 10 healthy volunteers (HV) were analyzed by FACS. Results There were significant differences between CCA and HV in ICP, and these differences were a consequence of tumor-bearing status because many items in ICP before surgery were restored to levels in HV after surgery. Therefore, these changes were specifically attributable to cholangiocarcinoma, and we examined if they can function as biomarkers for therapeutic effects and prognoses. A shorter overall survival was associated with a lower frequency of helper T cells (HT) (p=0.001), a higher frequency of effector regulatory T cells (eTregs) (p=0.008), and a lower frequency of CD80+ eTregs (p=0.024) in the best supportive care group, with a lower frequency of CD25+ naïve Tregs (nTregs) (p=0.005) in the chemotherapy group, and with a lower frequency of OX40+ HT (p=0.022), CD25+ CD8+ T cells (p=0.017), and OX40+ CD8+ T cells (p=0.032) in the surgery group. The recurrence factors were a higher frequency of CD4+ T cells (p=0.009), CCR6+ nTregs (p=0.014), and CXCR3+ nTregs (p=0.012), and a lower frequency of PD-1+ HT (p=0.006), OX40+ HT (p=0.004), CD8+ T cells (p=0.001), and CTLA-4+ CD8+ T cells (p=0.036). ConclusionsThe ICP in CCA are specifically attributable to cholangiocarcinoma, and may be biomarkers for therapeutic effects and prognoses.
“Toughening and stress-reducing effects in composites formulated with thiourethane-treated fillers: systematic evaluation of the influence of filler size, loading and surface treatment”
Authors: Fugolin Ana , Correr Ana Rosa Costa , Correr-Sobrinho Lourenco , Chaw R. Crystal , Lewis Steven , Ferracane Jack , Pfeifer Carmem S. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objectives: Filler particle functionalization with thiourethane oligomers has been shown to increase fracture toughness and decrease polymerization stress in dental composites, though the mechanism is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to systematically characterize the effect of the type of filler surface functionalization on the physicochemical properties of experimental resin composites containing fillers of different size and volume fraction. Methods: Barium glass fillers (1, 3 and 10 µm) were functionalized with 2 wt% thiourethane-silane (TU-Sil) synthesized de novo and characterized by thermogravimetric analysis. Fillers treated with 3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (MA-Sil) and with no surface treatment (No-Sil) served as controls. Fillers (50, 60 and 70 wt%) were incorporated into BisGMA-UDMA-TEGDMA (5:3:2) containing camphorquinone/ethyl-4-dimethylaminobenzoate (0.2/0.8 wt%) and 0.2 wt% di-tert-butyl hydroxytoluene. The functionalized particles were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis and a representative group was tagged with methacrylated rhodamine B and analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Polymerization kinetics were assessed by near-IR spectroscopy. Polymerization stress was tested in a cantilever system, and fracture toughness was assessed with single edge-notched beams. Fracture surfaces were characterized by SEM. Data were analyzed with ANOVA/Tukey's test (α = 0.05). Results and Conclusions: The grafting of thiourethane oligomer onto the surface of the filler particles led to reductions in polymerization stress ranging between 41% and 54%, without affecting the viscosity of the composite. Fracture toughness increased on average by 35% for composites with the experimental fillers compared with the traditional methacrylate-silanized groups. SEM and confocal analyses demonstrate that the coverage of the filler surface was not homogeneous and varied with the size of the filler. The average silane layer for the 1 µm particle functionalized with the thiourethane was 206 nm, much thicker than reported for traditional silanes. In summary, this study systematically characterized the silane layer and established structure-property relationships for methacrylate and thiourethane silane-containing materials. The results demonstrate that significant stress reductions and fracture toughness increases are obtained by judiciously tailoring the organic-inorganic interface in dental composites.
Co-targeting WIP1 and PARP induces synthetic lethality in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Chen Miaoqin , Wang Weikai , Hu Shiman , Tong Yifan , Li Yiling , Wei Qi , Yu Lei , Zhu Liyuan , Liu Leiming , Ju Zhenyu , Wang Xian , Jin Hongchuan , Feng Lifeng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most fatal cancers. Due to limited strategies for effective treatments, patients with advanced HCC have a very poor prognosis. This study aims to identify novel druggable candidate genes for patients with HCC.MethodsThe role of WIP1 (wild type p53 induced protein phosphatase1) in HCC was analyzed in HCC cells, nude mice assay, WIP1 knockout mice, and TCGA database. DNA damage was evaluated by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, Western blotting, comet assay, and Immunofluorescence.ResultsHigh expression of WIP1 is associated with poor prognosis of patients with HCC. Genetically and chemically suppression of WIP1 drastically reduced HCC cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo via inducing DNA damage. WIP1 knockout retarded DEN (Diethylnitrosamine) induced mice hepato-carcinogenesis. In addition, suppression of WIP1 together with PARP inhibition induced synthetic lethality in HCC cells by disrupting DNA damage repair.ConclusionWIP1 plays an oncogenic effect in HCC development, and targeting WIP1-dependent DNA damage repair might be a novel strategy for HCC management.
Mechanical Growth Factor Promotes FOXP3 Expression in Regulatory T Cells and Enhances its Function in Treating Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Qin Hongyu , Yuan Shuangshuang , Zeng Hao , Li Hao , Yang Jinsong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundTo verify that mechanical growth factor (MGF) may be an effective target for treating ankylosing spondylitis. MethodsFOXP3 expression was measured in Treg cells from healthy male subjects treated with MGF. A rat model of ankylosing spondylitis was established, and the levels of ankylosing spondylitis-related factors (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, interleukin [IL]-2, and IL-10) were measured. ResultsWe found that the proliferation and total number of Treg cells, as well as FOXP3 expression levels, increased significantly in the MGF-treated groups versus in the control. The levels of inflammation, bone destruction, and new bone formation were significantly decreased in animals treated with MGF compared to in the control group. TNF-α expression decreased significantly, while IL-2 and IL-10 levels increased significantly in the MGF group compared to in the control. Conclusions﻿MGF may delay disease progression in ankylosing rats by inducing FOXP3 expression, promote FOXP3+ Treg cell proliferation and differentiation and reducing the expression of TNF-α and increasing the expression of IL-10 and IL-2.
The mapping of cortical activation by near-infrared spectroscopy might be a biomarker related to the severity of fibromyalgia’s symptoms
Authors: Donadel Daniela Gabiatti , Zortea Maxciel , Torres Iraci Lucena da Silva , Fregni Felipe , Caumo Wolnei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We compared the activation pattern at the motor cortex (MC and prefrontal cortex (PFC) based on the delta value (Δ) of oxy-hemoglobin (HbO) by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). We examined the relationship of the ΔHbO based on the peaks at 5°C and 25°C by right-hand immersion in water in 22 fibromyalgia and 19 controls. Fibromyalgia showed a shorter peak latency for HbO at the left MC. In contrast, at the left MC, their HbO increased 117.64% compared to 92.85% in the controls. A receiver operator characteristics (ROC) analysis showed the ΔHbO cutoffs equal to –0.175 at the left and –0.205 at the right PFC offer sensitivity and specificity of at least 80% in screening fibromyalgia compared to controls. In fibromyalgia, a ROC analysis showed that these cutoff points could discriminate those with higher disability due to pain and more severe central sensitization symptoms (CSS). The ROC with the best discriminatory profile was to the CSS score with the ΔHbO at the left PFC (AUC = 0.82, CI 95% = 0.61–100). These results indicate that cortical activation based on the ΔHbO at the PFC might be a sensitive marker to identify those fibromyalgia patients with more severe clinical symptoms.
Detecting epidemiological relevance among adenoid hypertrophy, rhinosinusitis, and allergic rhinitis through Internet search
Authors: Yang Yingchao , Li Xinyi , Ma Qiang , Fu Zhihui , Su Kaiming 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose : This study aimed to verify that adenoid hypertrophy (AH) and rhinosinusitis share similar epidemiologic patterns and that AH and allergic rhinitis (AR) are not related. Methods: Internet search engine query data from January 2011 to December 2019 were retrieved from the Baidu index. Monthly search volume was obtained in China for the following search terms in Chinese: “adenoid hypertrophy,” “rhinosinusitis,” and “allergic rhinitis”; the data obtained were then presented as percentages. Pearson’s and Spearman’ s correlation coefficients were used to detect the correlation among the search volumes of AH, rhinosinusitis, and AR. We also collected search data from the first 5 months of 2020, when segregation was implemented in China due to the coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic. Then, we compared the search data to those obtained during the same period in 2019 to detect the effects of segregation on AH and AR to varying degrees. Results: Statistically significant differences were found between the search variations of AH and rhinosinusitis during 2011–2019 (R=0.643, P<0.05). However, search variations of AH and AR were negatively related (R=-0.239, P<0.05). The average monthly search volume of AH and rhinosinusitis correlated well (R=0.836, P<0.01), but no correlation was found between AH and AR. The search volume of AH and rhinosinusitis during the first 5 months in 2020 decreased, whereas that of AR increased during January–February. Conclusions: AH and rhinosinusitis are epidemiologically related, whereas AH and AR are not correlated with each other.
Plant Developmental Stage Drives the Differentiation in Ecological Role of Plant Bacterial and Fungal Microbiomes
Authors: Xiong Chao , Singh Brajesh K. , He Ji-Zheng , Han Yan-Lai , Li Pei-Pei , Wan Li-Hua , Meng Guo-Zhong , Liu Si-Yi , Wang Jun-Tao , Wu Chuan-Fa , Ge An-Hui , Zhang Limei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPlants live with diverse microbial communities which profoundly affect multiple facets of host performance such as nutrition acquisition, disease suppression and productivity, but if and how host development impacts the assembly, functions and microbial interactions of crop microbiomes are poorly understood. Here we examined both bacterial and fungal communities across soils (rhizosphere and bulk soil), plant epiphytic and endophytic niches (phylloplane, rhizoplane, leaf and root endosphere), and plastic leaf of fake plant (representing environment-originating microbes) at three developmental stages of maize at two contrasting sites, and further explored the potential function of phylloplane microbiomes based on metagenomics.ResultsOur results suggested that plant developmental stage had a much stronger influence on the microbial diversity, composition and interkingdom networks in plant compartment niches than in soils, with the strongest effect in the phylloplane. Air (represented by fake plants) was an important source of phylloplane microbiomes which were co-shaped by both plant development and seasonal environmental factors. Further, we demonstrated that bacterial and fungal communities in plant compartment niches exhibited contrasting response to host developmental stages, with higher alpha diversity and stronger deterministic assembly within bacterial microbiomes at the early stage but a similar pattern within mycobiomes at the late stage. Moreover, we found that bacterial taxa played a more important role in microbial interkingdom network and crop yield prediction at the early stage, while fungal taxa did so at the late stage. Metagenomic analyses further indicated that phylloplane microbiomes possessed higher functional diversity and functional genes involved in nutrient provision and disease resistance at the early stage than the late stage. Conclusions﻿Our results suggest that host developmental stage profoundly influences plant microbiome assembly and functions, and the bacterial and fungal microbiomes take a differentiated ecological role at different plant development stages. This study provides empirical evidence for host exerting strong effect on plant microbiomes by deterministic selection to meet the physiological requirement of plant developmental stages. These findings have implications for the development of future tools to manipulate microbiome for sustainable increase in primary productivity.