bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obesity and trauma
Authors: McCunn Maureen , Richards Justin , Greco Karla 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
As the number of patients who are obese continues to grow, the number of these patients who will experience a traumatic injury will also continue to increase. Caring for this population has predictable challenges that must be anticipated prior to arrival at the operating room. Obese patients can have coexisting comorbidities that can be difficult to appreciate in the setting of a trauma. In addition, intubation, intravenous access, positioning, anaesthetic management, and postoperative plans will all have unique challenges that must be predicted and thought out in advance. As of yet, there are no formal guidelines or protocols that standardize care of the obese trauma patient. Familiarity with pathophysiology in the obese patient, utilizing resources, and optimizing conditions are essential in order to care for this specific population.
Oral manifestations and management
Authors: Tappuni Anwar R. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Low salivary flow rate is a significant problem in Sjögren’s syndrome (SS), which can affect patients’ general and oral health and well-being. Successful management of the long-term effects on oral health requires a systematic approach in assessing the severity of the oral dryness and the signs and symptoms of salivary gland dysfunction to enable clinicians to implement protective and palliative measures to SS patients to achieve oral comfort and adequate oral function. The use of topical fluoride for preventing dental caries and topical oral products or a cholinergic agonist medication for the relief of the dryness symptoms is recommended in the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence–approved guidelines for the management of SS.
A therapeutic strategy for Sjögren’s syndrome dry eye
Authors: Rolando Maurizio , Roper Nicola , Figueiredo Francisco C , Aragona Pasquale 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Sjögren’s syndrome dry eye is a complex disease. Three pathogenic factors are usually present at different levels of severity. These factors are tear instability, epithelial malfunction, and inflammation. Two additional factors, meibomian gland dysfunction and nerve dysfunction, may play a significant role. A successful therapeutic approach must correct each of these individual components, promoting the restoration of normal ocular surface homeostasis. This may involve the simultaneous use of different tools according to the clinical presentation, such as tear substitutes, anti-inflammatory drugs (steroids, cyclosporine A, Omega-3 fatty acids, etc.), epithelium protectants, and growth factor rich blood derivatives, bandage contact lenses, punctal plugs, and secretagogues.
Correlated time variability of multicomponent high-velocity outflows in J162122.54+075808.4
Authors: Aromal P , Srianand R , Petitjean P 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
We present a detailed analysis of time variability of two distinct C iv broad absorption line (BAL) components seen in the spectrum of J162122.54+075808.4 (zem = 2.1394) using observations from SDSS, NTT, and SALT taken at seven different epochs spanning about 15 yr. The blue-BAL component (with an ejection velocity, $v_{\rm e}\sim 37\, 500$ km s−1) is an emerging absorption that shows equivalent width variations and kinematic shifts consistent with acceleration. The red-BAL component ($v_{\rm e} \sim 15\, 400$ km s−1) is a three-component absorption. One of the components is emerging and subsequently disappearing. The two other components show kinematic shifts consistent with acceleration coupled with equivalent width variability. Interestingly, we find the kinematic shifts and equivalent width variability of the blue- and red-BAL components to be correlated. While the C iv emission-line flux varies by more than 17 per cent during our monitoring period, the available light curves (covering rest frame 1300–2300 Å) do not show more than a 0.1 mag variability in the continuum. This suggests that the variations in the ionizing flux are larger than that of the near-ultraviolet flux. However, the correlated variability seen between different BAL components cannot be explained solely by photoionization models without structural changes. In the framework of disc wind models, any changes in the radial profiles of density and/or velocity triggered either by disc instabilities or by changes in the ionizing radiation can explain our observations. High-resolution spectroscopic monitoring of J1621+0758 is important to understand the physical conditions of the absorbing gas and thereby to constrain the parameters of disc wind models.
Network pharmacology-based identification of the key mechanism of quercetin acting on hemochromatosis
Authors: Ding Haoxuan , Chen Lingjun , Hong Zuopeng , Yu Xiaonan , Wang Zhonghang , Feng Jie 
Published: May 2021

AbstractHemochromatosis is an iron overload disease, which lacks nutritional intervention strategies. This study explored the protective effect of quercetin on hemochromatosis and its possible mechanism through network pharmacology. We used Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man to screen the disease targets of hemochromatosis, and further constructed a potential protein interaction network through STITCH. The above-mentioned targets revealed by Gene enrichment analysis have played a significant role in ferroptosis, mineral absorption, basal cell carcinoma, and related signal pathways. Besides, the drug likeness of quercetin obtained by Comparative Toxicogenomics Database was evaluated by Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology, and potential drug targets identified by PharmMapper and similar compounds identified by PubChem were selected for further research. Moreover, gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis revealed the relationship between quercetin and glycosylation. Furthermore, we performed experiments to verify that the protective effect of quercetin on iron overload cells is to inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species, limit intracellular iron, and degrade glycosaminoglycans. Finally, iron-induced intracellular iron overload caused ferroptosis, and quercetin and fisetin were potential ferroptosis inhibitors. In conclusion, our study revealed the correlation between hemochromatosis and ferroptosis, provided the relationship between the target of quercetin and glycosylation, and verified that quercetin and its similar compounds interfere with iron overload related disease. Our research may provide novel insights for quercetin and its structurally similar compounds as a potential nutritional supplement for iron overload related diseases.
Transcriptomic insights into the zinc homeostasis of MCF-7 breast cancer cells via next-generation RNA sequencing
Authors: Zaman Mohammad S , Barman Shital K , Corley Susan M , Wilkins Marc R , Malladi Chandra S , Wu Ming J 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA significant gap in the knowledge of zinc homeostasis exists for breast cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the transcriptomic response of the luminal breast cancer cells (MCF-7) to the exposure of extracellular zinc using next-generation RNA sequencing. The dataset was collected for three time points (T0, T30, and T120) in the time course of zinc treatment, which revealed the dramatic increase, up to 869-fold, of the gene expression for metallothioneins (MT1B, MT1F, MT1X, and MT2A) and the zinc exporter ZnT1 (SLC30A1) at T30, continuingly through to T120. The similar dynamic expression pattern was found for the autophagy-related gene (VMP1) and numerous genes for zinc finger proteins (e.g. RNF165, ZNF365, ZBTB2, SNAI1, ZNF442, ZNF547, ZNF563, and ZNF296). These findings point to the all-hands-on-deck strategy adopted by the cancer cells for maintaining zinc homeostasis. The stress responsive genes encoding heat shock proteins (HSPA1A, HSPA1B, HSPA1L, HSPA4L, HSPA6, HSPA8, HSPH1, HSP90AA1, and HSP90AB1) and the MTF-1 biomarker genes (AKR1C2, CLU, ATF3, GDF15, HMOX1, MAP1A, MAFG, SESN2, and UBC) were also differentially up-regulated at T120, suggesting a role of heat shock proteins and the MTF-1 related stress proteins in dealing with zinc exposure. It is for the first time that the gene encoding Polo-like kinase 2 (PLK2) was found to be involved in zinc-related response. The top differentially expressed genes were validated by qRT-PCR and further extended to the basal type breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231). It was found that the expression level of SLC30A1 in MDA-MB-231 was higher than MCF-7 in response to zinc exposure. Taken together, the findings contribute to our knowledge and understanding of zinc homeostasis in breast cancer cells.
Vernacular Discourses Of Gender Equality In The Post-War British Working Class
Authors: Sutcliffe-Braithwaite Florence , Thomlinson Natalie 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Why did women’s roles change so dramatically in the West in the period after 1945? These years saw major changes in those roles, and in dominant understandings of female selfhood, from a model based on self-abnegation to one based on self-fulfilment. The roots of this shift have often been located in the post-1968 feminist movement and in economic change. Examining this question through the lens of Great Britain, this article, however, centres working-class women as drivers of these changes, drawing on oral history interviews with over 100 women from coalfield communities. In the decades after 1950, these women constructed a new vernacular discourse of gender equality which had profound implications for the position of women in society. This vernacular discourse shared some similarities with post-1968 feminism, but rather than focusing on the division of domestic and paid labour, or sexual violence, it emphasized women’s autonomy, individuality and voice. In constructing it, working-class women drew on pervasive post-war ideas about equality and democracy, discourses of individualism and individual fulfilment, and discourses of ‘companionate’ marriage and ‘child-centred’ parenting in order to make claims for women’s rights. Through doing so, they constructed women not only as wives and mothers, but also as free and equal individuals.
Relationship between behavioral inhibition and approach motivation systems (BIS/BAS) and intrinsic brain network connectivity in adult cannabis users
Authors: Taylor Mackenzie B , Hammonds Ryan , Filbey Francesca M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Dampened behavioral inhibition and overactive behavioral approach motivation systems (i.e. BIS/BAS) are associated with cannabis use disorder (CUD), although the underlying neural mechanisms of these alterations have not yet been examined. The brain’s executive control network (ECN) plays a role in decision-making and is associated with BIS/BAS. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that altered ECN resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) underlies dysfunctional behavioral inhibition and approach motivation in cannabis users. To that end, we collected resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans in 86 cannabis using adults and 59 non-using adults to examine group differences in the relationship between ECN rsFC and BIS/BAS. Our results showed that BIS was positively correlated with left ECN rsFC in cannabis users, while it was positively correlated with right ECN rsFC in non-users. There was a trend-level moderation effect of group on the association between BIS/BAS and ECN rsFC, showing a weaker association in BIS/BAS and ECN rsFC in cannabis users compared to non-users. An exploratory mediation analysis found that the severity of CUD mediated the relationship between users’ BIS scores and left ECN rsFC. These findings suggest that cannabis use may lead to dysregulation in typical ECN functional organization related to BIS/BAS.
Unimpaired social cognition in adult patients with ADHD: brain volumetric and behavioral results
Authors: Mehren Aylin , Thiel Christiane Margarete , Bruns Swantje , Philipsen Alexandra , Özyurt Jale 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate whether adult patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show deficits in social cognition and to identify the structural neural correlates of social cognitive skills in ADHD. Twenty-six adult patients with ADHD and 26 matched healthy control participants performed the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition and underwent a structural magnetic resonance imaging scan. We compared theory of mind (ToM) performance between ADHD patients and healthy controls. Using voxel-based morphometry, we further compared gray matter volumes in regions that are critical for social cognition between the two groups and examined whether ToM performance was correlated with brain morphometry measures. We did not observe any between-group differences in ToM abilities or regional gray matter volumes. Across both groups, performance on affective aspects of ToM correlated positively with gray matter volumes in the medial part of the superior frontal gyri, which is typically involved in social cognition. This study is the first to relate brain structure to social cognitive abilities in adult patients with ADHD. Although our sample was small and heterogeneous, with half of the patients showing mild-to-moderate psychiatric comorbidities, our results may encourage longitudinal studies that relate social cognitive development in childhood and adolescence to brain maturation of ADHD patients.
The relationship between sleep and physical activity: the moderating role of daily alcohol consumption
Authors: Tracy Eunjin Lee , Reid Kathryn Jean , Baron Kelly Glazer 
Published: May 2021

AbstractStudy ObjectivesStudies have demonstrated a daily, bidirectional relationship between sleep and physical activity. However, little is known about how other health behaviors, such as alcohol consumption affect this relationship. This study examined how daily and average alcohol consumption affects the relationships between sleep and physical activity.MethodsParticipants included 70 men and women, ages 18–50 with sleep duration &gt;6.5 hours. Participants wore an actigraph, physical activity monitor and recorded number of alcoholic drinks by daily food logs for 7 days. Results were analyzed using multi-level models to evaluate the 7-day average (i.e. between-person effects) and daily effects (i.e. within-person effects) simultaneously.ResultsThose with more average (7 day) minutes of vigorous physical activity had less wake after sleep onset (WASO). Furthermore, a higher number of alcoholic drinks was associated with longer sleep duration and higher WASO over 7 days. Days with a higher number of alcoholic drinks were associated with higher WASO and sleep fragmentation that night. Alcohol intake moderated the average (7 days) and daily relationships between sleep and physical activity such that high average (7 days) WASO was associated with shorter average total physical activity duration, but only for those with higher alcohol intake. In addition, longer physical activity duration during the day was associated with lower sleep fragmentation that night, but only for those with lower alcohol intake.ConclusionsThese data demonstrate that in a naturalistic setting, alcohol intake negatively impacts sleep and diminishes the benefits of physical activity on sleep.
Congenital Rubella: A Salient Cause of Congenital Heart Defects in Infants
Authors: Gupta Saniya , Verma Sanjay , Dash Nabaneeta , Goel Malika , Rawat Amit , Singh Mini P , Rohit Manoj Kumar , Kumar Praveen 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundStructural congenital heart defects (CHD) take a huge toll of congenital defects in children in India. Limited information is available regarding modifiable risk factors for its causation. This study was planned with an aim to determine the prevalence of congenital rubella infection in Indian infants with structural CHD’s.MethodologyThis cross-sectional, observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Northern India over 1 year period (1 July 2016 to 30 June 2017). Infants &lt;6 months with structural CHD were enrolled after taking informed consent from their mothers. Blood samples were collected from mother–child binomials and tested for rubella IgM and IgG antibodies.ResultsA total of 80 infants (M : F = 56 : 24), having mean age 69.4 (±56.5) days; were enrolled. In these infants, prevalence of congenital rubella infection (either infant’s IgM rubella positive or infant’s IgG rubella titers higher than mother’s) was 8.75% (7/80). A total of 12.5% of studied mothers were seronegative for rubella IgG antibodies. Statistically significant association was found between the occurrence of congenital rubella and cataract (p = 0.0039), splenomegaly (p = 0.007) and microcephaly (p = 0.0084) in infants having structural CHD.ConclusionsCongenital rubella syndrome still remains an important modifiable cause for structural CHD in India. Sincere efforts for rubella elimination via further strengthening current vaccination strategy would help in decreasing burden of structural CHD in India.
Trauma Response for Elderly Anticoagulated Patients: An Initiative to Reduce Trauma Resource Utilization in the Emergency Department
Authors: Pelaez Carlos A. , Spilman Sarah K. , Fuchsen Elizabeth A. , Semmens Ashlea D. , Sidwell Richard A. 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Trauma centers are challenged to have appropriate criteria to identify injured patients needing a trauma activation; one population that is difficult to triage is injured elderly patients taking anticoagulation or antiplatelet (ACAP) medications with suspected head injury.

Objective:
The study purpose was to evaluate a hospital initiative to improve the trauma triage response for this population.

Methods:
A retrospective study at a Level I trauma center evaluated revised trauma response criteria. In Phase 1 (June 2017 to April 2018; n = 91), a limited activation occurred in the trauma bay for injured patients 55 years and older, taking ACAP medications with evidence of head injury. In Phase 2 (June 2018 to April 2019; n = 142), patients taking ACAP medications with evidence of head injury received a rapid emergency department (ED) response. Primary outcomes were timeliness of ED interventions and hospital admission rates. Differences between phases were assessed with Kruskal–Wallis tests.

Results:
An ED rapid response significantly reduced trauma team involvement (100%–13%, p < .001). Compared with Phase 1, patients in Phase 2 were more frequently discharged from the ED (48% vs. 68%, p = .003), and ED disposition decision was made more quickly (147 vs. 120 min, p = .01). In Phase 2, time to ED disposition decision was longer for patients who required hospital admission (108 vs. 179 min, p < .001); however, there were no significant differences between phases in reversal intervention (6% vs. 11%, p = .39) or timeliness of reversal intervention (49 vs. 118 min, p = .51).

Conclusion:
The ED rapid response delivered safe, timely evaluation to injured elderly patients without overutilizing trauma team activations.
Connecting With Trauma Patients After Discharge: A Phone Call Follow-Up Study
Authors: Jackson Alicia , Curtin Emma , Giddins Emma , Read-Allsopp Christine , Joseph Anthony 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Traumatic injury is sudden and unexpected. It may lead to long-standing physical and physiological consequences. Approximately 10% of the world's disease burden is attributable to traumatic injuries. At the commencement of the study, there was limited information regarding civilian trauma patients' recovery following discharge from the hospital. There are several reasons for this including lack of available resources for follow-up by clinical staff and often trauma patients have multiple injuries, which can result in fragmented care. This limits the ability to assess a patient's recovery following discharge from the hospital.

Objective:
This phone call follow-up study was conducted to assess the number of trauma patients who may be showing symptoms of physical and psychological distress after traumatic injury.

Methods:
The study was carried out in New South Wales (Australia) Metropolitan major (Level 1) trauma center. Consented patients were contacted at 72 hr, 1 month, and 3 months after discharge from the hospital.

Results:
Many patients at all time points had difficulty coping with activities of daily living from pain (183 patients [64%], 121 patients [43%], and 58 patients [23%]), fatigue and sleep disturbance (110 patients [38%], 79 patients [28%], and 49 patients [20%]), as well as anxiety and frustration (38 patients [13%], 79 patients [28%], and 98 patients [39%]) regarding their recovery and returning to their preinjury activities.

Conclusion:
The research indicates that some trauma patients do not recover quickly physically or emotionally. These patients require identification and appropriate management of the consequences of trauma to enable them to return to their preinjury quality of life.
Pediatric Rapid Response Nurse Deployment to Pediatric Trauma Activations: A Process Improvement Initiative
Authors: Moss Lori N. , Cunningham Aaron J. , Tobias Joseph , Hamilton Nick , Jafri Mubeen 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Prolonged emergency department length of stay in trauma patients is associated with increased hospital length of stay and inhospital mortality. This problem is compounded in pediatric patients, as injured children have less physiologic reserve and may exhibit only subtle warning signs before decompensation.

Objective:
To determine the impact of deploying pediatric rapid response nurses to full trauma activations for patients transferred to the pediatric intensive care unit on emergency department length of stay.

Methods:
This is a before-and-after analysis of a quality improvement initiative deploying pediatric rapid response nurses to full trauma activations. Trauma registry data collected from January 2016 to August 2020 were statistically analyzed. Demographic and outcome variables were assessed by unpaired t test and χ2 analysis.

Results:
A total of 94 patients met inclusion criteria as full activations admitted to the intensive care unit during the study period. The preimplementation group (n = 60) was 88% (n = 53) male, with a median age of 6.9 years and a median Injury Severity Score of 21. The postimplementation group (n = 34) was 62% (n = 21) male, with a median age of 5.6 years and a median Injury Severity Score of 17. The emergency department length of stay decreased from median (interquartile range) 48.5 (36.0–84.75) min (preimplementation) to 36.5 (27.5–55.5) min (postimplementation; p = .019).

Conclusion:
Deployment of pediatric rapid response nurses to full trauma activations facilitates the assessment and transfer of pediatric trauma to the intensive care unit and decreases emergency department length of stay.
Developing Nursing Leadership Potential Through Education in a Low-Resource Setting
Authors: Street Nancy White , Bermudez Laura , Lawton Alexis , Barry Donna , Mandel Leslie 
Published: May 2021

Background
Global partnerships amplify nursing leadership capacity in low-resource countries through targeted education efforts.

Purpose
We examined a nursing faculty partnership between US and Haitian universities, where Haitian faculty completed graduate-level degrees highlighting leadership and education. This marked the first time a Haitian university awarded a master's of nursing degree.

Methods
Longitudinal qualitative research data collection included interviews and observations among 28 participants. Recurrent cross-sectional analysis explored themes and perceived changes in leadership behaviors.

Results
Advanced professional stature, leadership as a nurse educator and in the clinical setting, transformational leadership, and challenges to leadership practice were key themes. Graduate nursing education resulted in an improved vision of nursing, increased perceptions of leadership capacities, and advanced management strategies.

Conclusions
This partnership led to an Office of Nursing Education at the State University of Haiti, a milestone in the advancement of nursing in this low-resource country.