bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Low-Fat Diet Combined with Moderate-Intensity Aerobic Exercise is More Effective than a Low-Fat Diet or Aerobic Exercise Alone on Dyslipidemia and Depression Status in Obese Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Abdelbasset Walid Kamal , Nambi Gopal , Alsubaie Saud F. , Elsayed Shereen H. , Eid Marwa M. , Soliman Gaber S. , Ibrahim Ahmed A. , Abdelaziz Mohamed A. 
Published: April 2021

Background::
Exercise and dietary interventions are used to control dyslipidemia and depression
in obese individuals, whilst rare investigations have examined the concurrent effects of a
low-fat diet and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise training (MIAET) on dyslipidemia and depression
in obese patients. Hence, we assessed the potential influences of a low-fat diet combined with
MIAET on blood lipids and depression in those individuals.

Methods::
Forty-two obese patients aged 30-50 years have been enrolled in this randomized controlled
trial. They have been randomized equally into MIAET group (n=14, 60-70% of the maximum
heart rate (Max HR), three sessions a week), a low-fat diet group (n=14, fat, 30% Kcal/day),
and a low-fat diet plus MIAET (n=14) for 10 consecutive weeks. Body mass index (BMI), lipid
profile, and Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS) have been assessed on two occasions, pre
and post- 10 weeks.

Results::
It was demonstrated that a low-fat diet group showed an improvement in total cholesterol
(T-Ch), p=0.046, with no changes in triglycerides (TGs), p=0.343, low-density lipoproteins (LDLs),
p=0.187, and high-density lipoproteins (HDLs), p=0.224; however, MIAET group showed an
improvement in TGs, p=0.042, HDLs, p=0.038 with no changes in T-Ch, p=0.126, and LDLs,
p=0.368. Regarding the low-fat diet plus MIAET group, significant improvements were identified
in TGs, p=0.003, T-Ch, p<0.001, LDLs, p=0.004, and HDLs, p<0.001. For the depression status,
all groups showed a significant improvement in HDRS, p<0.001, with a low-fat diet plus MIAET
group showing greater advantages, p<0.05.

Conclusion::
The results of the current trial suggest an important implication for promoting improvement
in blood lipids and a reduction in depression status in obese patients with dyslipidemia
following 10-week of a concurrent low-fat diet and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise more than
low-fat diet or MIAEt alone.
Exploring Therapeutic Potential of Invasomes, Transfersomes, Transethosomes,
Oleic Acid Vesicles, and Cubosomes Adopting Topical/Transdermal
Route
Authors: Verma Shivani , Utreja Puneet 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Transdermal drug delivery is considered a better alternative to oral administration
of drugs like proteins or peptides that are susceptible to extensive degradation via first pass
metabolism. This delivery route also shows high patient compliance due to no use of painful injections.
Conventional delivery systems like creams and gel show poor skin permeation and high dosing
frequency.

Objective:
The objective of this work was to investigate the role of highly advanced micro and
nanocarrier systems like invasomes, transfersomes, transethosomes, oleic acid vesicles, and cubosomes
for transdermal drug delivery exploring literature survey.

Methods:
Literature survey for these advanced micro and nanocarrier systems was carried out using
search engines like Pubmed and Google scholar.

Results:
Results of literature investigations revealed that advanced micro and nanocarrier systems
discussed earlier have the caliber to enhance skin permeation of various bioactives, show sustain release,
and target particular areas of skin better compared to old nanocarriers like liposomes.

Conclusion:
The present review concludes that advanced micro and nanocarrier systems like invasomes,
transfersomes, transethosomes, oleic acid vesicles, and cubosomes are better alternatives
for transdermal delivery of therapeutic agents compared to old nanocarriers like liposomes and conventional
delivery systems like creams and gels.
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL ASPECTS OF EDUCATION IN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY STUDENTS WITH ENGLISH LANGUAGE OF TEACHING
Authors: Yakubovska І. О. , Wanjura Ya. L. , Wanjura І. Yu. , Volynskyi D. А. , Churpiy І. К. 
Published: April 2021

Резюме. Розглянуті результати власного дослідження.
Мета аналіз психологічних, методичних та якісних показників академічної освіти, визначення основних проблем у навчанні англомовних студентів.
Методи дослідження. Теоретичні: аналіз, синтез, узагальнення теоретичних напрацювань з досліджуваної проблеми; емпіричні: вибіркове скринінгове дослідження шляхом анонімного авторського анкетування. Вибірка емпіричного дослідження, яке проводилося у 2018−2019рр. склала 82 студенів 5-го та 6-го курсів. Аналізували мотиваційну, психологічну, морально-етичну, комунікаційну, навчально-методичну складову, рівень самоорганізації у навчанні, самооцінювання знань з позиції студента. Анкета складалася з 22 запитань, в тому числі 7 відкритих. Більшість англомовних студентів є мотивованими на навчання, знають свій потенціал, цілі і критично оцінюють досягнені результати. Ціннісним для них є практичне спрямування в опануванні медицини, вони потребують додаткових роз’яснень, дискусії та відточування практичних навичок. Для третини першорядним є психологічний клімат на занятті, професіоналізм викладача і його дружнє вимогливе ставлення. Більше половини шкодують, що недостатньо володіють українською мовою, а це обмежує їх можливості до практичної роботи з пацієнтами. Опитані визнали, що 12% студентів 5-6 року навчання не орієнтовані та не мотивовані на освітній процес навчання у медичному ЗВО та не володіють навиками відповідними навиками. Проте, навіть при недостатньому рівні володінні англійською мовою, та при невисокому рівні базових знань, можна досягнути середнього і навіть високого рівня професійних знань. Визначальним є мотивація, наполегливість та активна взаємодія з тим, хто навчає. І навіть достатня базова підготовка та вхідні високі компетентності в англомовному спілкуванні при низькій мотивації не принесуть успіху у навчанні.
PROGNOSTIC CRITERIA OF RECURRENCE AND FATAL OUTCOME OF PATIENTS WITH COLORECTAL CARCINOMA
Authors: Yakovtsova І. І. , Yakimenko А. S. , Protsenko О. S. , Ivakhno І. V. 
Published: April 2021

Резюме. В структурі смертності від злоякісних новоутворень (ЗН) колоректальний рак (КРР) займає 2 місце після ЗН дихальної системи. Рецидивування КРР виникає в 30-40% та може характеризуватися швидкою генералізацією пухлинного процесу.
Мета дослідження: пошук прогностичних критеріїв рецидивування та летального наслідку КРР за даними морфологічного дослідження оперативно видаленого матеріалу та аутопсії.
Матеріали та методи. Були обрані випадки КРР ІІВ, ІІІВ стадії, Т3 за системою TNM. Сформовані групи дослідження: І – первинні КРР, що не рецидивували, ІІ – КРР з появою рецидиву впродовж 5 років та без летального наслідку (ІІА), з летальним наслідком (ІІВ).
Результати обстеження. Місцеве рецидивування було в 12,5% випадків, у 82,5% рецидиви були представлені метастазами у внутрішні органи, в 5% випадків рецидиви були одночасно місцевими та з метастазами у внутрішні органи. В 70,0% рецидиви були у перші 2 роки. Виявлена статистично значуща залежність (р<0,05) між приналежністю КРР до ІІ групи дослідження та наявністю наступних критеріїв: метастазів у реґіонарних лімфатичних вузлах, васкулярної інвазії, малої відстані від краю резекції, відсутності ад’ювантної хіміотерапії, що свідчить про прогностичне значення цих факторів щодо рецидивування КРР після видалення пухлини. При дослідженні ІІ групи рецидивуючих КРР летальний наслідок від прогресії пухлиного процесу асоціювався з местастазуванням у реґіонарні лімфатичні вузли (р<0,05), відсутністю ад’ювантної хіміотерапії (р<0,05), раннім терміном появи рецидиву (р<0,03).
Висновки: при дослідженні первинних КРР ІІВ, ІІІВ стадії та рівнем інвазії Т3 виявлені прогностичні критерії рецидивування та летального наслідку, що рекомендовано враховувати для індивідуалізованного підходу до лікування пацієнтів.
A Heart Rate Monitoring App (FibriCheck) for Atrial Fibrillation in General Practice: Pilot Usability Study
Authors: Beerten Simon Gabriël , Proesmans Tine , Vaes Bert 
Published: April 2021

Background
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major risk factor for stroke. The current opportunistic screening procedure consists of pulse palpation and an electrocardiogram when an irregular rhythm is found. Smartphone apps that measure heart rhythm could be useful in increasing the detection of AF in a primary care setting.

Objective
We conducted a pilot study with the smartphone app FibriCheck to assess whether the introduction of such an app is feasible.

Methods
Four general practices across Flanders provided patient data for the study. Inclusion criteria for participants were aged 65 or older and a CHARGE-AF score of at least 10%. We excluded patients with known AF or a pacemaker. Participants were asked to measure at least twice a day with FibriCheck (for at least 14 days). They were provided the 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) questionnaire both before and after the study, as well as different surveys concerning their user experience and general perception of technology.

Results
There were 92 participants (36 women and 56 men). The study population was relatively homogenous concerning risk factors and medication use at baseline. During the study period, 5/86 (6%) participants were found to have AF (6 dropouts). The average study period was 23 days and the average number of measurements per day was 2.1. Patient compliance was variable, but high. On the whole, there were no appreciable changes in quality of life. The overall user experience and satisfaction were very high.

Conclusions
FibriCheck is a relatively easy-to-use smartphone app to complement AF screening in primary care. Its implementation in this setting is certainly achievable, and one can expect high rates of patient compliance. Based on these results, a planned cluster randomized trial will be going ahead.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03509493; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03509493
Impact of Digital Educational Interventions to Support Parents Caring for Acutely Ill Children at Home and Factors That Affect Their Use: Protocol for a Systematic Review
Authors: Milne-Ives Madison , Neill Sarah , Bayes Natasha , Blair Mitch , Blewitt Jane , Bray Lucy , Carrol Enitan D , Carter Bernie , Dawson Rob , Dimitri Paul , Lakhanpaul Monica , Roland Damian , Tavare Alison , Meinert Edward ,   ASK SNIFF Consortium
Published: April 2021

Background
Urgent and emergency care health services are overburdened, and the use of these services by acutely ill infants and children is increasing. A large proportion of these visits could be sufficiently addressed by other health care professionals. Uncertainty about the severity of a child’s symptoms is one of many factors that play a role in parents’ decisions to take their children to emergency services, demonstrating the need for improved support for health literacy. Digital interventions are a potential tool to improve parents’ knowledge, confidence, and self-efficacy at managing acute childhood illness. However, existing systematic reviews related to this topic need to be updated and expanded to provide a contemporary review of the impact, usability, and limitations of these solutions.

Objective
The purpose of this systematic review protocol is to present the method for an evaluation of the impact, usability, and limitations of different types of digital educational interventions to support parents caring for acutely ill children at home.

Methods
The review will be structured using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) and Population, Intervention, Comparator, and Outcome (PICO) frameworks. Five databases will be systematically searched for studies published in English during and after 2014: Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, APA PsycNet, and Web of Science. Two reviewers will independently screen references’ titles and abstracts, select studies for inclusion based on the eligibility criteria, and extract the data into a standardized form. Any disagreements will be discussed and resolved by a third reviewer if necessary. Risk of bias of all studies will be assessed using the Mixed-Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT), and a descriptive analysis will be used to evaluate the outcomes reported.

Results
The systematic review will commence during 2021.

Conclusions
This systematic review will summarize the impact, usability, and limitations of digital interventions for parents with acutely ill children. It will provide an overview of the field; identify reported impacts on health and behavioral outcomes as well as parental knowledge, satisfaction, and decision making; and identify the factors that affect use to help inform the development of more effective and sustainable interventions.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/27504
Pool Testing as a Strategy for Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 Outbreaks in Schools: Protocol for a Feasibility Study
Authors: Sweeney-Reed Catherine M , Wolff Doreen , Niggel Jakob , Kabesch Michael , Apfelbacher Christian 
Published: April 2021

Background
School closures are a widely implemented strategy for limiting infection spread in the current COVID-19 pandemic. The negative impact of school closures on children and young people is increasingly apparent, however.

Objective
We aim to evaluate the feasibility of an infection monitoring program in schools to enable targeted quarantining to replace school closures. The program is currently being implemented in two model schools in Magdeburg, Germany, within the framework of the Study of Coronavirus Outbreak Prevention in Magdeburg Schools (Studie zur Ausbruchsvermeidung von Corona an Magdeburger Schulen [STACAMA]).

Methods
Five pupils per class are pseudorandomly selected twice a week and asked to provide a gargle sample over a 16-week evaluation period. RNA is extracted from each sample individually in a laboratory and pooled according to school class for real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) analysis. Immediate individual sample testing will be carried out in the case of a positive pool test. Individual RNA extraction prior to pooling and application of rRT-PCR result in high test sensitivity. Testing will be performed in strict adherence to data protection standards. All participating pupils will receive a 16-digit study code, which they will be able to use to access their test

Results
When the study commenced on December 2, 2020, 520 (52%) pupils and their families or guardians had consented to study participation. The study was suspended after four test rounds due to renewed school closures resulting from rising regional infection incidence. Testing resumed when schools reopened on March 8, 2021, at which time consent to participation was provided for 54% of pupils. We will quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate the logistics and acceptability of the program.

Conclusions
The findings from this study should inform the design of infection surveillance programs in schools based on gargle samples and a PCR-based pool testing procedure, enabling the identification of aspects that may require adaptation before large-scale implementation. Our focus on each step of the logistics and on the experiences of families should enable a robust assessment of the feasibility of such an approach.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/28673
Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Dialysis-Related Symptoms in Individuals Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis
Authors: Hargrove Nicholas , El Tobgy Nada , Zhou Olivia , Pinder Mark , Plant Brittany , Askin Nicole , Bieber Laura , Collister David , Whitlock Reid , Tangri Navdeep , Bohm Clara 
Published: April 2021

Background
Hemodialysis is associated with a high symptom burden that impairs health-related quality of life and functional status. Effective symptom management is a priority for individuals receiving hemodialysis. Aerobic exercise may be an effective, nonpharmacologic treatment for specific hemodialysis-related symptoms. This systematic review investigated the effect of aerobic exercise on hemodialysis-related symptoms in adults with kidney failure undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We searched MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, EMBASE, PEDro, and Scopus databases from 1960 or inception until April 15, 2020 for randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of aerobic exercise on hemodialysis-related symptoms, identified as prespecified primary or secondary outcomes, as compared with controls in adults on maintenance hemodialysis. We identified restless legs syndrome as the primary outcome.

Results
Of 3048 studies identified, 15 randomized controlled trials met the eligibility criteria. These studies investigated the effect of aerobic exercise on restless legs syndrome (two studies), sleep disturbance (four studies), anxiety (four studies), depression (nine studies), muscle cramping (one study), and fatigue (one study). Exercise interventions were intradialytic in ten studies and outside of hemodialysis in five studies. Heterogenous interventions and outcomes and moderate to high risk of bias precluded meta-analysis for most symptoms. Aerobic exercise demonstrated improvement in symptoms of restless legs syndrome, muscle cramping, and fatigue, as compared with nonexercise controls. Meta-analysis of depressive symptoms in studies using the Beck Depression Inventory demonstrated a greater reduction in Beck Depression Inventory score with exercise as compared with control (mean difference −7.57; 95% confidence interval, −8.25 to −6.89).

Conclusions
Our review suggests that in adults on maintenance hemodialysis, aerobic exercise improves several hemodialysis-related symptoms, including restless legs syndrome, symptoms of depression, muscle cramping, and fatigue. However, the use of validated outcome measures with demonstrated reliability and responsiveness in more diverse hemodialysis populations is required to fully characterize the effect of this intervention.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:
PROSPERO #CRD42017056658
Daño neurológico secundario a malposición de catéter venoso central percutáneo en plexos paravertebrales
Authors: Ubilla-Badilla Nicksa Alibeck , Montaña-Gutiérrez Manuel , Vargas-Mijalic Paulina 
Published: April 2021

Introducción y objetivo: Las complicaciones asociadas a la instalación de catéteres venosos centrales de inserción percutánea (PICC) son poco frecuentes y en ocasiones mortales. En el estudio, se describe el caso de un recién nacido prematuro que desarrolló daño neurológico secundario a la malposición de un PICC en plexos paravertebrales.
Identificar el mecanismo etiológico de la malposición de un PICC.
Metodología: Los datos del caso se recabaron del Hospital Clínico Magallanes, respetando la confidencialidad.
El manejo del caso se contrarresta con la evidencia encontrada en buscadores como National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine y Scientific Electronic Library Online.
Discusión: Las complicaciones asociadas a la malposición son infrecuentes en la literatura, sin embargo, se reportó el fallecimiento de un infante que previo a su muerte presentó síntomas neurológicos e inespecíficos.
Informe final y conclusiones: La malposición del PICC se asocia principalmente a la anatomía venosa de la extremidad inferior izquierda, esto propicia la malposición del catéter en plexos paravertebrales. He aquí la importancia como profesionales realizar una supervisión, control, pesquisa y derivación oportuna de cualquier signo de alteración en cada uno de nuestros pacientes.
CFO Overconfidence and Cost Behavior
Authors: Chen Clara Xiaoling , Nasev Julia , Wu Steve Yu-Ching 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Using a large sample of U.S. firms, we provide evidence of the effect of CFO overconfidence on firms' resource adjustment decisions. After controlling for CEO overconfidence, we find CFO overconfidence is positively associated with cost stickiness. We also find that CFO power relative to the CEO increases the positive association between CFO overconfidence and cost stickiness. Our study contributes to our understanding of the important role of CFOs in operational decisions such as resource adjustment decisions. We also extend the literature on cost behavior by highlighting managerial characteristics as an important determinant of resource adjustment decisions. Our study has important practical implications. Unlike resource adjustment decisions driven by agency problems or other incentive-related issues, such decisions driven by managerial overconfidence cannot be addressed with incentive contract designs. Promising ways to mitigate overconfidence-driven resource adjustment decisions include making overconfident managers aware of their potential behavioral biases and challenging their expectations.
Volumetric cone-beam computed tomography evaluation and risk factor analysis of external apical root resorption with clear aligner therapy
Authors: Liu Wei , Shao Juhua , Li Shufang , Al-balaa Maher , Xia Lulu , Li Hanyue , Hua Xianming 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To investigate the prevalence and severity of external apical root resorption (EARR) volumetrically with clear aligner therapy using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) as well as determine the possible risk factors and develop a prediction model for EARR.

Materials and Methods
In this retrospective study, 320 incisors from 40 Class II patients treated with aligners (Invisalign) were included in this study. CBCT images were obtained at pretreatment (T0) and posttreatment (T1). Root volume was calculated by three-dimensional reconstruction of CBCT images, and apical tooth movement was measured from superimposed CBCT images. Changes in root volume were compared using paired t-tests, and the relationship between root volume loss and potential risk factors was analyzed by multiple linear regression.

Results
All of the measured incisors showed root volume loss, with an average of 11.48 ± 6.70 mm3, and the prevalence of severe resorption was 0.625%. The prediction model for EARR included variables of posttreatment sagittal root position (SRP), extraction, tooth type, and apical intrusion and extrusion displacements, with an R2 of 0.51. Age, sex, duration, pretreatment SRP, attachment, advancement, and retraction movements were excluded from the model.

Conclusions
Most incisors showed mild to moderate resorption during aligner treatment; only a minimal percentage showed severe resorption. Posttreatment SRP (which showed the highest association with EARR), extraction, tooth type, and apical intrusion and extrusion displacements were risk factors for EARR.