bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design, Fabrication and Performance Evaluation of Solar Tunnel Dryer for Ginger Drying
Authors: Hailu Assefa Tesfaye 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

The performance of a solar tunnel dryer for drying ginger was investigated through a series of experiments. Two axial flow fans with a power rating of 28W, supply voltage of 220V, and powered by a 50W PV module were used to supply hot air to the drying chamber.
Results and discussion

The dryer has been put through no-load and load tests with solar PV powered fans. Solar radiation, dry air temperature, ambient temperature, relative humidity (RH), and air velocity were recorded at five solar tunnel dryer positions by dividing the 8.5-meter-long solar tunnel dryer into four equal parts every thirty minutes. When the solar radiation was altered between 540 and 820 W/m2, the hot air temperature at the collector output rose from 34°C to 65.5°C for an 8-hour operation in the no-load state. At loading operation circumstances, average maximum temperatures of 30°C at 9:00 AM and 77°C at 13:00 PM were achieved. In 24 hours (3 solar days), the solar tunnel drier was able to reduce the moisture content of sliced ginger from 90.4 % to 11.8 percent (wet basis). Open sun drying, on the other hand, takes 40 hours (5 solar days) to obtain the same wet basis condition. With a solar collector area of 6 m2.
Conclusions

Eight experiments have been conducted at no-load and full-load conditions. The drying air temperature varied from 34.0°C to 65.5°C at the collector outlet. The drying time decreases as the collector area increases, whereas the drying efficiency and time savings increase. Furthermore, the gingers were totally sheltered from rain, insects, and dust while drying in the solar tunnel dryer, resulting in high-quality dried gingers. The dryer could be utilized in rural locations where there is no access to energy because the fans are driven by a solar module. The solar tunnel dryer showed a net saving in drying time of 40% over open sun drying.
Definitive chemoradiotherapy has comparable survival outcomes to esophagectomy in patients with clinical T1N0M0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: real world data
Authors: Sawada Kentaro , Yukami Hiroki , Mishima Saori , Fujiwara Hisashi , Kadota Tomohiro , Nakajo Keiichiro , Yoda Yusuke , Nakamura Masaki , Hojo Hidehiro , Yano Tomonori , Fujita Takeo , Kojima Takashi , Kotani Daisuke 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Recently, the JCOG0502 has shown a comparable efficacy of chemoradiotherapy and esophagectomy in patients with clinical T1N0M0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. However, few studies have compared the clinical outcomes of these treatments in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients (including elderly patients) based on real-world data.
Methods

This retrospective study determined real-world outcomes in patients who underwent chemoradiotherapy or esophagectomy, including those with clinical T1N0M0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, between 2009 and 2017 at the National Cancer Center Hospital East.
Results

Among a total of 156 patients, 120 and 36 patients underwent esophagectomy and chemoradiotherapy, respectively; 138, 12 and 6 patients had Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0, 1, and 2, respectively; and 33 and 123 patients had clinical tumor depth MM-SM1 and SM2-SM3, respectively. In a median follow-up of 72 months, 5-year progression-free survival and overall survival were respectively 77.0% and 81.5% in the esophagectomy group and 74.4% and 82.6% in the chemoradiotherapy group (P = 0.48 and, P = 0.89). Moreover, no treatment-related death was detected in both groups. In elderly patients (75 years or older), 5-year progression-free survival and overall survival were not significantly different between esophagectomy and chemoradiotherapy groups (5-year progression-free survival: 72.3% vs. 81.8%, P = 0.38; 5-year overall survival: 76.9% vs. 81.8%, P = 0.59).
Conclusions

This real-world study confirms the results of a previous clinical trial, and the present findings support chemoradiotherapy as one of the standard treatment options in patients of all ages with clinical T1N0M0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Analysis and Source Identification of Heavy Metals in Soils of Central Urban Area of Chongqing, China
Authors: CHEN Wende , zhu kun , Cai Yankun , Peng Peihao 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In megacities, due to frequent human activities, large amounts of metals enter the soil indirectly or directly and eventually flow to people through the food chain. Therefore, the analysis and identification of soil heavy metal sources is an important part of revealing soil heavy metal pollution. The spatial content and potential sources of 11 heavy metals were analyzed from 342 surface soil samples collected from the central city of Chongqing in southwest China. The results showed that the main heavy metal elements under the first principal component loading were copper (Cu), nickel(Ni), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cr),plumbum (Pb) and cadmium(Cd).The second principal component (F2) was mainly loaded with molybdenum (Mo), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg)and antimony (Sb), and the PCA-APCs receptor model of 11 heavy metals was constructed. The PCA-APCs receptor models of 11 heavy metals were constructed. The results of classification regression analysis confirmed the main sources of heavy metals. Population density mainly affected Cu (0.539), soil mainly affected Ni (0.411), Sb (0.493), Zn (0.472) and Mn (0.206), and water quality mainly affected As(0.453) and Mo (0.374). Air quality mainly affects Cd (0.332) and Cr (0.371), traffic activity mainly affects Hg (0.312), and slope mainly affects Pb (0.313). Hot spot analysis showed that heavy metals had a high degree of coincidence with environmental factors such as soil parent material, slope, soil type and traffic activities. The results of this study can be effectively used to make scientific decisions and strategies, and an effective strategy for prevention and control of soil heavy metal pollution should be formulated to protect the urban soil environmental quality.
Tithe in the legislation of polish diocesan synods in XIII-XV centuries
Authors: Zarosa Wojciech 
Published: August 2021

The issue of tithes was a very important aspect of the diocesan synods’ legislative activity. It is also argued that tithes had a great importance for ecclesiastical institutions’ functioning. The author makes an attempt to interpret and analyse the most important tithe statutes which were issued between XIIth and XVth century. The author focuses on the Archdiocese of Gniezno, diocese of Cracovia, diocese of Breslau, diocese of Plock and diocese of Poznan. These dioceses were responsible for customising the norms of the canon law to regional principle. Those were issued by legate and provincial synods. It is worth noting that diocesan synods reacted for new occurrences and processes having political, economic or social character.
The regulation of the internal church’s web of tithes was one of the most important issues which the diocesan synods’ legislation had to deal with. The creation of new structures resulted in the progressive erosion of parish structures. By that time it was hard to decide who should receive the tithes. Diocesan synods, basing on the common norms, decided to give the tithe only to clergyman who provided priestly activity (cura animarum). It was also banned to receive decima vagas – unspecified tithes.
The 14th century brought new trends of tithe payment. The nobility started to struggle with the priesthood having power and position in Poland, of which the best example and symbol was Cracovian Bishop – Zbigniew Oleśnicki (1423-1455). The indicated movement stood against tithes as well as made attempts to restrain the tithe obligations.
The issue of tithes was a very important aspect of the diocesan synods’ legislative activity. It is also argument that tithes had a great importance for ecclesiastical institutions’ functioning.
Antoni Messing- co-creator of the Blessed Virgin Mary's statue located in front of the Reformed Church and co-author of series of tombstones patterned after it and raised at the cemeteries of Warsaw
Authors: Wiraszka Marta 
Published: August 2021

Antoni Messing (ca. 1821-1867) the owner of the stone workshop located in Warsaw on 6 Powązkowska Street (mtge. 27C) is currently most famous for one monument- the Statue of the Virgin Mary of Immaculate Conception which was placed in front of the Church of St Antony of Padua on Senatorska Street (1851). What made this monument different from other independently standing monuments was the use of lanterns which at evening time illuminated the statue of the Virgin (1853). The innovative idea spread not only around Warsaw, but also outside the city boundaries.
References to the monument elevated by Messing were not limited to the way and form of illuminating the statue. The inventory research conducted on Warsaw cemeteries enable the extraction of a group of tombstones imitating the shape and the decor of the plinth of the statue of the Virgin. The number of examples of this collection of tombstones numbers 19. Their execution dates back to the period 1853-1874 - with one exception only, all of them were elevated during the period of Antoni Messing’s ownership of the stone workshop. All of them represent the same commemoration in the form of a crucifix located on a plinth. Examples can be separated into two groups. One, comprising 8 tombstones, the closest to the original, the other, comprising 11 examples preserves the architectural structure without the sculptural decor. The origin of the formal concept is to be traced in the project of Henryk Marconi’s garden vase designed for Wilanowski Park (ca. 1845-1851) as well as the finishing elements of the Stanisław and Antoni Potocki’s tombstones. Consequently, the contribution of Messing consists in the creation of the series of tombstones modelled on the statue of the Virgin Mary rather than the originality of the project.
The repositories of the Prussian State Library collection in Lower Silesia during the World War II
Authors: Kudelski Jarosław Robert 
Published: August 2021

German cultural institutions had been conducting preparations to secure their collections in the event of a war since mid-1930s. The Prussian State Library, the holdings of which included the most precious German manuscripts and prints, was one of those institutions. Air attacks carried out on the capital of the Third Reich triggered the decision to evacuate the collection to Thüringen, Brandenburg, Pomerania and Lower Silesia. Largest deposits had been located in the latter. The unique heritage items stored there included medieval manuscripts, prayer books, music autographs and newspaper yearbooks as well as letters and private documents of many prominent representatives of German culture and art. Those items were evacuated, among other places, to Fürstenstein (Książ) Gießmannsdorf (Gościszów), Gröditzburg (Grodziec), Grüssau (Krzeszów), Fischbach (Karpniki) and Hirschberg (Jelenia Góra). The evacuation was conducted in cooperation with the heritage conservator for Lower Silesia, professor Günther Grundmann. With his assistance, in the course of a few years, a unique collection was created in Lower Silesia. Towards the end of the war the collection was deprived of proper care, as the authorities lacked resources to secure it. This resulted in the destruction of some items during military actions. The remaining parts of the collection had been taken over by Polish officials and were transferred to library collections in Krakow, Warszawa, Olsztyn, Toruń, Lublin and Łódź.
A influência Portuguesa na construção da justiça no Brasil
Authors: Baia Marcelo Santos 
Published: August 2021

O modo de produção, de comércio e o domínio do mais poderoso sobre o mais fraco é uma característica da própria humanidade desde sempre. Ao analisar tais fatores em várias etapas da história da sociedade ocidental é possível estabelecer um espaço tempo que foi retratado por historiadores. Ao trazer tais conceitos para a história do Direito e da Justiça no Brasil e em Portugal e possível estabelecer de forma clara o poder da metrópole sob a colônia e as características feudais presentes nesta relação, mesmo no século XVII. Este artigo tem por objetivo realizar uma abordagem no âmbito do Direito Comparado acerca da evolução da Justiça em Portugal e a sua influência na construção da Justiça no Brasil. Para isso foram estabelecidos como objetivos específicos apresentar um breve históricos acerca da construção da Justiça em Portugal; rever como era a Justiça no Brasil colônia; e por fim abordar o que mudou após a independência do Brasil. Como metodologia de pesquisa adotou-se a revisão documental de Portugal e do Brasil, e de literatura baseada em livros, dissertações e artigos científicos publicados em revistas científicas e repositórios acadêmicos em língua portuguesa com conteúdo pertinente ao tema abordado.
A perspectiva do estudante do Curso Técnico em Agropecuária do Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí quanto à importância e eficácia do Programa de Residência Estudantil para sua formação
Authors: Rodrigues Silva Luci , Maria Melo Gonçalves Sílvia 
Published: August 2021

A educação é referendada legalmente como um dos direitos fundamentais do cidadão, se fazendo em um forte instrumento no exercício da cidadania. As políticas educacionais são criadas para oferecer garantia de acesso a esse direito. A Assistência Estudantil se encontra no bojo dessas políticas e se apresenta como mecanismo que visa contribuir com o processo de criação, ampliação e consolidação de ações que propiciem a permanência do estudante nas Instituições. Fazem parte das políticas de assistência estudantil os programas de moradia estudantil, foco do estudo em questão. Assim, neste trabalho, o objetivo foi investigar o Programa de Residência Estudantil do Campus Urutaí, analisando a percepção dos alunos do curso Técnico em Agropecuária moradores da Residência, no que diz respeito aos reflexos desse programa em sua permanência e formação no curso. Através de uma pesquisa qualitativa, com base na análise de conteúdo de Bardin, traçamos o perfil desse estudante e analisamos sua percepção quanto ao referido programa. Concluímos que estes discentes consideram a importância do Programa, como sendo um possibilitador de suas permanências, porém, também encontram problemas em sua execução. Através desta análise, conseguimos obter dados e informações relevantes ao acompanhamento e a avaliação deste programa, que podem vir a subsidiar o planejamento e a formulação de intervenções junto ao mesmo.

Palavras chaves: assistência estudantil; residência estudantil; moradia estudantil e permanência
Feruloyl Sucrose Esters: Potent and Selective Inhibitors of α-glucosidase and α-amylase
Authors: Devaraj Surabhi , Yip Yew Mun , Panda Parthasarathi , Ong Li Lin , Wong Pooi Wen Kathy , Zhang Dawei , Ali Yusuf , Judeh Zaher 
Published: August 2021

Introduction:
Feruloyl Sucrose Esters (FSEs) are a class of Phenylpropanoid
Sucrose Esters (PSEs) widely distributed in plants. They were investigated as potential selective
Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitors (AGIs) to eliminate the side effects associated with
the current commercial AGIs. The latter effectively lowers blood glucose levels in diabetic
patients but causes severe gastrointestinal side effects.

Methods:
Systematic structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies using in silico, in vitro
and in vivo experiments were used to accomplish this aim. FSEs were evaluated for their
in vitro inhibition of starch and oligosaccharide digesting enzymes α-glucosidase and α-
amylase followed by in silico docking studies to identify the binding modes. A lead candidate,
FSE 12 was investigated in an STZ mouse model.

Results:
All active FSEs showed desired higher % inhibition of α-glucosidase and desired
lower inhibition of α-amylase in comparison to AGI gold standard acarbose. This suggests
a greater selectivity of the FSEs towards α-glucosidase than α-amylase, which is
proposed to eliminate the gastrointestinal side effects. From the in vitro studies, the position
and number of the feruloyl substituents on the sucrose core, the aromatic ‘OH’ group,
and the diisopropylidene bridges were key determinants of the % inhibition of α-
glucosidase and α-amylase. In particular, the diisopropylidene bridges are critical for
achieving inhibition selectivity. Molecular docking studies of the FSEs corroborates the in
vitro results. The molecular docking studies further reveal that the presence of free aromatic
‘OH’ groups and the substitution at position 3 on the sucrose core are critical for the
inhibition of both the enzymes. From the in vitro and molecular docking studies, FSE 12
was selected as a lead candidate for validation in vivo. The oral co-administration of FSE
12 with starch abrogated the increase in post-prandial glucose and significantly reduced
blood glucose excursion in STZ-treated mice compared to control (starch only) mice.

Conclusion:
Our studies reveal the potential of FSEs as selective AGIs for the treatment of
diabetes, with a hypothetical reduction of side effects associated with commercial AGIs.
Pengaruh Bauran Promosi Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Kamar Oleh Tamu di UNP Hotel & Convention Kota Padang
Authors: Yusmar Ovrio , Suyuthie Hijriyantomi 
Published: August 2021

Abstrak

Penelitian ini di latar belakangi oleh permasalahan dimana promosi merupakan bagian penting di pemasaran dengan tujuan penelitian melihat pengaruh bauran promosi terhadap keputusan konsumen dalam membeli kamar di UNP Hotel & Convention Padang, penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan metode asosiatif kausal. Sampel yang digunakan merupakan tamu yang pernah menginap dan sedang menginap di UNP Hotel & Convention Padang yaitu berjumlah 88 orang tamu dengan teknik probability sample. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan cara menyebarkan kuesioner dengan dua puluh lima butir pernyataan, sepuluh butir pernyataan untuk bauran promosi dan lima belas pernyataan untuk keputusan pembelian kamar. Selanjutnya data dideskripsikan serta dikakukan uji persyaratan analisis dan uji hipotesis menggunakan regresi linear sederhana dan koefisien determinasi dengan SPSS versi 22.00

Berdasarkan dari hasil pengujian hipotesis, didapatkan nilai R Square dengan angka 0,262 yang artinya pengaruh untuk variabel (X) bauran promosi dan variabel (Y) dimana keputusan pembelian kamar dengan angka 26,2% dan selanjutnya 73,8% dikarenakan faktor lain. Maka didapat koefisien regresi dengan angka 0,928 nilai signifikannya adalah 0,000<0,5. Dapat diartikan dalam tingkatan angka 1 satuan bauran promosi mengalami peningkatan 0,928 pada keputusan pembelian kamar. Jadi hipotesisnya adalah Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak.
Citra Destinasi Pantai Padang Sebagai Daerah Tujuan Wisata di Sumatera Barat
Authors: Gustia Annisa Eka , Putra Trisna 
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini berawal dari hasil observasi dan ulasan pengunjung di sosial media, didapat masalah terkait citra destinasi yaitu seperti pemalakan, kemenarikan lingkungan, kebersihan lingkungan pantai, dan beberapa masalah terkait infrastruktur, yang kemudian peneliti melakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk melihat seberapa besar citra destinasi Pantai Padang sebagai daerah tujuan wisata di Sumatera Barat yang ditinjau dari indikator citra destinasi kognitif, unik, dan afektif. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kuantitatif, dengan populasi merupakan wisatawan yang sempat maupun lagi berkunjung ke Pantai Padang. Metode yang digunakan buat riset ini ialah incidental sampling, serta sampel riset berjumlah 151 responden. Data diperoleh dari kuesioner yang teruji validitas dan reliabilitasnya serta diukur dengan skala likert. Analisis data dan teknik pengolahan yang dilakukan adalah deskriptif, untuk mendapatkan hasil frekuensi data, maka data diolah dengan aplikasi SPSS 25 dan menemukan hasil berupa rata-rata, nilai maksimal, minimal, median, dan standar deviasi. Hasil penelitian mengenai citra destinasi Pantai Padang diperoleh 35,8 % dari 151 responden menyatakan cukup baik terhadap citra destinasi Pantai Padang.
Kata kunci: Citra Destinasi, Pantai Padang
Peranan Room Division Leader Dalam Melaksanakan Tugas Supervisor di Housekeeping Department Hotel Rangkayo Basa
Authors: Pranata Amrisdi , Chair Ira Meirina 
Published: August 2021

Latar belakang penelitian ini karena adanya beberapa masalah di Housekeeping Department Hotel Rangkayo Basa Padang, diantaranya yaitu morning briefing yang jarang dilakukan oleh room division leader kepada bawahan, tidak terdapatnya perencanaan kerja serta terdapat beberapa komentar negatif tamu melalui online travel agent tentang kebersihan kamar tamu. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Penentuan informan yang dilakukan yaitu secara purposive sampling. Informan dalam penetian ini terdiri dari empat orang. Data didapatkan melalui wawancara dengan informan serta studi dokumentasi, selanjutnya data direduksi, penyajian data dan pengambilan keputusan.
Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini yaitu : 1) Room division leader tidak melaksanakan perannya dalam hal perencanaan pekerjaan, pengarahan, pengawasan dan evaluasi kerja dimana tidak terdapat informasi mengenai kegiatan daily dan general cleaning, tidak mengecek logbook Housekeeping, tidak melakukan morning briefing sebelum bekerja, tidak memberikan arahan mengenai penggunaan peralatan kerja, tidak melakukan pengecekan pada area toilet musholla, tidak mengecek tempat penyimpanan alat dan bahan kerja, tidak melakukan evaluasi terhadap penggunaan peralatan kerja, serta tidak mengisi toilet checklist. 2) Room division leader telah melaksanakan perannya dalam hal koordinasi kerja, dimana room division leader memberikan room attedant report kepada room attendant dan menggunakan walkie talkie sebagai alat komunikasi dalam bekerja.
Strategi Positioning Hotel Rangkayo Basa Kota Padang
Authors: Kenanga Putik , Adrian Arif 
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini di latar belakangi oleh beberapa masalah yang timbul mengenai positioning Hotel Rangkayo Basa, diantaranya yaitu positioning yang ditinjau dari indikator berdasarkan atribut, positioning berdasarkan produk, positioning harga, positioning berdasarkan pesaing. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui Strategi Positioning dengan menggunakan analisis SWOT yang dapat ditinjau dengan 4 indikator berdasarkan atribut, positioning berdasarkan produk, positioning harga, positioning berdasarkan pesaing. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan data kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi yang melibatkan informan dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data secara reduksi yaitu merangkum, memfokuskan ke hal-hal yang penting, serta menganalisis data yang diperoleh terhadap masalah yang di teliti.

Kata kunci : Strategi, Positioning, Hotel Rangkayo Basa Kot Padang