bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The implication of machine learning for financial solvency prediction: an empirical analysis on public listed companies of Bangladesh
Authors: Abdullah Mohammad 
Published: June 2021

PurposeFinancial health of a corporation is a great concern for every investor level and decision-makers. For many years, financial solvency prediction is a significant issue throughout academia, precisely in finance. This requirement leads this study to check whether machine learning can be implemented in financial solvency prediction.Design/methodology/approachThis study analyzed 244 Dhaka stock exchange public-listed companies over the 2015–2019 period, and two subsets of data are also developed as training and testing datasets. For machine learning model building, samples are classified as secure, healthy and insolvent by the Altman Z-score. R statistical software is used to make predictive models of five classifiers and all model performances are measured with different performance metrics such as logarithmic loss (logLoss), area under the curve (AUC), precision recall AUC (prAUC), accuracy, kappa, sensitivity and specificity.FindingsThis study found that the artificial neural network classifier has 88% accuracy and sensitivity rate; also, AUC for this model is 96%. However, the ensemble classifier outperforms all other models by considering logLoss and other metrics.Research limitations/implicationsThe major result of this study can be implicated to the financial institution for credit scoring, credit rating and loan classification, etc. And other companies can implement machine learning models to their enterprise resource planning software to trace their financial solvency.Practical implicationsFinally, a predictive application is developed through training a model with 1,200 observations and making it available for all rational and novice investors (Abdullah, 2020).Originality/valueThis study found that, with the best of author expertise, the author did not find any studies regarding machine learning research of financial solvency that examines a comparable number of a dataset, with all these models in Bangladesh.
Building members' trust in a producer company through social capital
Authors: Chamola Deepak , Dey Ajoy Kumar , Sahay Arunaditya , Singh Rahul 
Published: June 2021

PurposeThe paper contributes to the long-standing interest in studying the relationship of social capital and trust. It examines the relationship between social capital and trust in a producer company and the role of perceived benefits as a mediating variable.Design/methodology/approachA multistage sampling was done to collect data from 395 farmer members from five producer companies spread over three states of India. Through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) latent constructs were mapped, and composite reliability and construct validity were established. PROCESS macro of Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) was used to probe relationship between social capital and member's trust and mediation effect of perceived benefit.FindingsThe authors’ research findings establish that the social capital has a positive and significant relationship with members' trust in a producer company and perceived benefit mediates this relationship.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper contributes to reduce complexity of social capital theory by differentiating sources and benefits of social capital. It opens up the avenues of testing theoretically valid mediation effects of many other constructs.Originality/valueThe role of member's perceived benefits as a mediator between social capital and members' trust is a new knowledge to the literature of social capital.
Impact of ethical leadership on organizational climate and its subsequent influence on job commitment: a study in hospital context
Authors: Mishra Bhanu , Tikoria Jyoti 
Published: June 2021

PurposeIndividuals often look up to external influencers (leaders) that determine their conduct and form their perception regarding organizational policies and practices which constitute their organizational climate. The importance of organizational climate has been realized off late in various job outcomes among doctors, such as commitment, turnover, etc. Therefore this study aims to investigate the relationship of ethical leadership with organizational climate that may further affect the commitment of doctors in Indian hospitals.Design/methodology/approachAn empirical study has been done in 10 public and private Indian hospitals using a questionnaire survey. Data were collected from a sample of 537 doctors, which were further analyzed statistically using structural equation modeling (SEM) through AMOS and SPSS software.FindingsThe results show a significant influence of ethical leadership on organizational climate and organizational climate further has significant relationship with commitment of doctors in Indian hospitals.Practical implicationsThe study has important implication for hospital administration, to identify and place an ethical leadership team at the top, which will further influence the behavior of the followers (doctors). This will further lead to formation of favorable organizational climate fostering commitment in doctors.Originality/valueThis is one of the few studies that determines the relationship of ethical leadership with organizational climate and it's further influence on commitment of doctors in large (500 beds and above) public and private hospitals in Indian context.
A dynamic process of different helping behavior: from the extended self-theory perspective
Authors: Ouyang Xi , Zhou Kong , Zhan Yuan-Fang , Yin Wen-Jun 
Published: June 2021

PurposeDrawing on the extended self-theory, this study explores the dynamic process through which reactive helping could influence proactive helping through self-investment and investigate the moderating role of task difficulty in affecting this process.Design/methodology/approachThis study, with a sample of 582 diary surveys from 66 employees, used experience sampling techniques to analyze the proposed hypotheses.FindingsThe results revealed that self-investment could mediate the positive relationship between reactive helping and proactive helping. Additionally, task difficulty acts as an essential role in facilitating the process raised by reactive helping. Further examination revealed that the moderated mediation effect in this model was also significant.Practical implicationsManagers should encourage help-seeking and positive responses to requests, especially in groups with difficult tasks, which could build helpers’ extended self at work and increase their proactive helping behaviors at the following episode.Originality/valueAs verifying the dynamic trajectory of reactive helping, this study enriches our understanding of whether and how helping behaviors are likely to grow over time. Besides, it complements current pieces of literature by exploring the potential positive implication of reactive helping with a helper-centric perspective.
COVID‐19 did not delay time from referral to definitive management for head and neck cancer patients in a regional Victorian centre
Authors: Tan Hannah , Preston Joel , Hunn Samuel , Kwok Matthew , Borschmann Michael 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic has had widespread impacts on health services, particularly regarding the provision of urgent elective surgical services. It has influenced the evaluation of surgical patients, patient willingness to consult with medical services, and the ability to provide timely care to these patients. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the time to definitive management for head and neck cancer in a regional setting.MethodsA retrospective review was performed through the University Hospital Geelong Head and Neck Unit records and electronic medical records. Ethics approval for quality assurance was attained. The primary outcome was time from the first clinic appointment to commencement of definitive management. Statistical analysis was performed using Prism (version 8.0, GraphPad).ResultsA total of 127 patients were identified, 64 in the pre‐COVID and 63 in the post‐COVID period. In the post‐COVID period, more patients (14.3%) had their first clinic appointment with telehealth compared to the pre‐COVID period (1.6%). There was also no significant difference in time from referral to first clinic appointment or time from first clinic appointment to date of definitive treatment decision or multidisciplinary meeting. There was no significant difference in definitive treatment modality between groups.ConclusionDespite increased adoption of telemedicine and increased public health considerations, there was no increase in time to definitive treatment from the time of referral to a regional head and neck cancer service.
Russia and North Korea: Ups and downs in relations
Authors: Toloraya Georgy , Yakovleva Lyubov 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDiplomatic settlement on the Korean peninsula demonstrates Russian capacity, despite decrease in influence in 1990s, to de‐escalate tensions when relations among the other parties in the region are at its absolute worst. This is a testimony to Moscow’s little‐publicized ability to exercise leverage on North Korea and to break the deadlocks. The first Kim Jong‐un–Vladimir Putin summit in April 2019 and Moscow’s good relations with Moon Jae In administration of South Korea created an opportunity for a greater Russia’s role in resolving Korean peninsula issues. North Korea’s new diplomacy towards South Korea and the United States and the start of the search for a negotiated solution to the Korean issue created a window of opportunity for Russia to achieve cooperative security and economic interaction in the region. This article suggests options on how Russia can evaluate the stakeholders’ chances to converge their approaches and how Moscow can contribute to them.
Restoration of ecosystem functions: Seed production in restored and ancient grasslands
Authors: Albert Ágnes‐Júlia , Götzenberger Lars , Jongepierová Ivana , Konečná Marie , Lőkkösné‐Kelbert Bernadett , Májeková Maria , Mudrák Ondřej , Klimešová Jitka 
Published: June 2021

AbstractQuestionsEvaluating seed production as a community function in species‐rich temperate grasslands, we asked: (a) do ancient and restored grasslands differ in the composition of seed‐producing species; (b) do seed‐producing species of ancient and restored grasslands differ in their functional traits and habitat origin of their species; and (c) how does seed production change during the season considering management and is seed production different for the whole community and for the subset of species occurring in both types of grasslands?LocationWhite Carpathian Mountains (Czech Republic).MethodsWe assessed the species composition of flowering and fruiting species and collected propagule samples from three ancient and three restored grasslands. From the measured parameters, we estimated seed production for particular fruiting species. We combined these reproductive parameters with data on plant traits and plant status.ResultsFlowering species in restored grasslands produced three times higher seed numbers and three times lower seed mass than flowering species in ancient grasslands. At ancient sites, most seeds belonged to meadow specialist species; at restored sites, seeds of ruderal and generalist species prevailed. Prior to mowing, in both grassland types the seed‐producing species were characterised by a high capability of clonal reproduction, high leaf dry matter content, and wind pollination. After mowing, seed‐producing species were insect‐pollinated species at ancient sites. This reflects the dominance of grasses before mowing and of forbs after mowing.ConclusionsHigher seed number, lower seed mass and lower reliance on pollinators in restored grasslands indicate a different ecosystem functionality related to these parameters, in comparison with ancient grasslands. Specifically, seeds act as source for generative regeneration of resident species while resources for pollinators and seed herbivores are reduced. This maintains a differentiation of restored and ancient grasslands not only in terms of species composition but also in their effect on other trophic levels.
The fragility of origin essentialism: Where mitochondrial ‘replacement’ meets the non‐identity problem
Authors: Lewens Tim 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFew discussions of the ethics of mitochondrial ‘replacement’ techniques have drawn significant ethical distinctions between the two approaches now legal in the U.K. However, Anthony Wrigley, Stephen Wilkinson and John Appleby have together argued that under some circumstances pronuclear transfer (PNT) may be in better ethical standing than maternal spindle transfer (MST). They base their conclusion on what they allege to be different implications of the techniques with respect to non‐identity considerations, which they ground on a version of origin essentialism. I raise a series of problems for their argument, which have cautionary implications for invocations of origin essentialism that go beyond specialized debates regarding MST and PNT. I argue that (i) origin essentialism is a fragile foundation for non‐identity considerations; (ii) gametic essentialism, which Wrigley et al. believe licenses their claims, is more questionable than origin essentialism; (iii) gametic essentialism does not straightforwardly justify their conclusion; and (iv) their conclusion in fact relies on an especially dubious position that we can call chromosomal origin essentialism. No good reasons have yet been supplied to distinguish PNT from MST on ethical grounds, and one should be wary of basing claims with practical impact on fragile foundations relating to origin essentialism.
Self‐rated health before pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes in Sweden: A population‐based register study
Authors: Viirman Frida , Hesselman Susanne , Wikström Anna‐Karin , Skoog Svanberg Agneta , Skalkidou Alkistis , Sundström Poromaa Inger , Wikman Anna 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundPoor self‐rated health (SRH) at time of childbirth has been associated with adverse birth outcomes. However, it is not known whether prepregnancy SRH contributes to these outcomes or whether SRH is a proxy for some other factors. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the associations between poor SRH before pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes. In addition, maternal characteristics associated with SRH before pregnancy were explored.MethodsA population‐based register study encompassing 261 731 deliveries in Sweden between January 2013 and July 2017 was conducted. The associations between poor SRH before pregnancy, rated at first antenatal visit, and the adverse birth outcomes of stillbirth, small for gestational age (SGA), and preterm birth were investigated with logistic regression analyses and presented as crude (OR) and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsPoor SRH before pregnancy was largely characterized by a history of psychiatric care and was associated with stillbirth (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.04‐1.79), SGA birth (OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.19‐1.39), and preterm birth (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.32‐1.50). Adjusting for established risk factors for adverse birth outcomes, poor SRH remained associated with SGA birth (aOR 1.16, 95% CI 1.07‐1.26) and preterm birth (aOR 1.25, 95% CI 1.17‐1.33), but not with stillbirth (aOR 1.08, 95% CI 0.81‐1.43).ConclusionsSRH assessments could be used in early pregnancy to identify women in need of more extensive follow‐up, as SRH appears to capture something beyond currently known risk factors for adverse birth outcomes.
Reappraising the role of the vagus nerve in GLP‐1‐mediated regulation of eating
Authors: Brierley Daniel I. , de Lartigue Guillaume 
Published: June 2021

Here, we provide a focused review of the evidence for the roles of the vagus nerve in mediating the regulatory effects of peripherally and centrally produced GLP‐1 on eating behaviour and energy balance. We particularly focus on recent studies which have used selective genetic, viral, and transcriptomic approaches to provide important insights into the anatomical and functional organisation of GLP‐1‐mediated gut‐brain signalling pathways. A number of these studies have challenged canonical ideas of how GLP‐1 acts in the periphery and the brain to regulate eating behaviour, with important implications for the development of pharmacological treatments for obesity.LINKED ARTICLESThis article is part of a themed issue on GLP1 receptor ligands (BJP 75th Anniversary). To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v179.4/issuetoc
Beyond CGRP: The calcitonin peptide family as targets for migraine and pain
Authors: Rees Tayla A. , Hendrikse Erica R. , Hay Debbie L. , Walker Christopher S. 
Published: June 2021

The CGRP system has emerged as a key pharmacological target for the treatment of migraine. However, some individuals who suffer from migraine have low or no response to anti‐CGRP or other treatments, suggesting the need for additional clinical targets. CGRP belongs to the calcitonin family of peptides, which includes calcitonin, amylin, adrenomedullin and adrenomedullin 2. These peptides display a range of pro‐nociceptive and anti‐nociceptive actions, in primary headache conditions such as migraine. Calcitonin family peptides also show expression at sites relevant to migraine and pain. This suggests that calcitonin family peptides and their receptors, beyond CGRP, may be therapeutically useful in the treatment of migraine and other pain disorders. This review considers the localisation of the calcitonin family in peripheral pain pathways and discusses how they may contribute to migraine and pain.LINKED ARTICLESThis article is part of a themed issue on Advances in Migraine and Headache Therapy (BJP 75th Anniversary). To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v179.3/issuetoc
Low‐dose decitabine plus venetoclax is safe and effective as post‐transplant maintenance therapy for high‐risk acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Wei Yunxiong , Xiong Xia , Li Xin , Lu Wenyi , He Xiaoyuan , Jin Xin , Sun Rui , Lyu Hairong , Yuan Ting , Sun Tongtong , Zhao Mingfeng 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) are usually associated with poor outcomes, especially in high‐risk AML/MDS. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) is the only curative option for patients suffering from high‐risk AML/MDS. However, many patients relapse after allo‐HSCT. Novel therapy to prevent relapse is urgently needed. Both the BCL‐2 inhibitor venetoclax (VEN) and the hypomethylating agent decitabine (DEC) possess significant antitumor activity effects against AML/MDS. Administration of DEC has been shown to ameliorate graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) and boost the graft‐versus‐leukemia (GVL) effect post‐transplantation. We therefore conducted a prospective study (ChiCTR1900025374) to examine the tolerability and efficacy of a maintenance therapy of low‐dose decitabine (LDEC) plus VEN to prevent relapse after allo‐HSCT for high‐risk AML/MDS patients. Twenty patients with high‐risk AML (n = 17) or high‐risk MDS (n = 3) post‐transplantation were recruited. Approximately day 100 post‐transplantation, all patients received LDEC (15 mg/m2 for 3 d) followed by VEN (200 mg) on d 1‐21. The cycle interval was 2 mo, and there was 10 cycles. The primary end points of this study were rates of overall survival (OS) and event‐free survival (EFS). The secondary endpoints included adverse events (AEs), cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR), nonrelapse mortality (NRM), incidences of acute GVHD (aGVHD) and chronic GVHD (cGVHD), and incidences of viral infection after allo‐HSCT. Survival outcomes were assessed using Kaplan‐Meier analysis. The median follow‐up was 598 (149‐1072) d. Two patients relapsed, 1 died, and 1 is still alive after the second transplant. The 2‐y OS and EFS rates were 85.2% and 84.7%, respectively. The median 2‐y EFS time was 525 (149‐1072) d, and 17 patients still had EFS and were alive at the time of this writing. The most common AEs were neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenic fever, and fatigue. Grade 2 or 3 AEs were observed in 35% (7/20) and 20% (4/20) of the patients, respectively. No grade >3 AEs were observed. aGVHD (any grade) and cGVHD (limited or extensive) occurred in 55% and 20% of patients, respectively. We conclude that LDEC + VEN can be administered safely after allo‐HSCT with no evidence of an increased incidence of GVHD, and this combination decreases the relapse rate in high‐risk AML/MDS patients. This novel maintenance therapy may be a promising way to prevent relapse in high‐risk AML/MDS patients.
Guided Stable Dynamic Projections
Authors: Vernier E. F. , Comba J. L. D. , Telea A. C. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractProjections aim to convey the relationships and similarity of high‐dimensional data in a low‐dimensional representation. Most such techniques are designed for static data. When used for time‐dependent data, they usually fail to create a stable and suitable low dimensional representation. We propose two dynamic projection methods (PCD‐tSNE and LD‐tSNE) that use global guides to steer projection points. This avoids unstable movement that does not encode data dynamics while keeping t‐SNE's neighborhood preservation ability. PCD‐tSNE scores a good balance between stability, neighborhood preservation, and distance preservation, while LD‐tSNE allows creating stable and customizable projections. We compare our methods to 11 other techniques using quality metrics and datasets provided by a recent benchmark for dynamic projections.
Public Data Visualization: Analyzing Local Running Statistics on Situated Displays
Authors: Coenen J. , Moere A. Vande 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPopular sports tracking applications allow athletes to share and compare their personal performance data with others. Visualizing this data in relevant public settings can be beneficial in provoking novel types of opportunistic and communal sense‐making. We investigated this premise by situating an analytical visualization of running performances on two touch‐enabled public displays in proximity to a local community running trail. Using a rich mixed‐method evaluation protocol during a three‐week‐long in‐the‐wild deployment, we captured its social and analytical impact across 235 distinct interaction sessions. Our results show how our public analytical visualization supported passers‐by to create novel insights that were rather of casual nature. Several textual features that surrounded the visualization, such as titles that were framed as provocative hypotheses and predefined attention‐grabbing data queries, sparked interest and social debate, while a narrative tutorial facilitated more analytical interaction patterns. Our detailed mixed‐methods evaluation approach led to a set of actionable takeaways for public visualizations that allow novice audiences to engage with data analytical insights that have local relevance.