bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological trends of oral squamous cell carcinoma – An institutional study
Authors: Babu Cathy , Pereira Treville , Shetty Subraj , Shrikant Gotmare Swati , Anjali A. K. , Vidhale Rutuja Gajanan 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide with an incidence rate that varies widely by geographic location. Even within one geographic location, the incidence varies among groups categorized by age, gender or race. Aims and Objectives: The purpose of this retrospective study was to identify the trends in the age, gender, habits, sites involved and the histopathological grading which are given to patients diagnosed with OSCC in D.Y. Patil University School of Dentistry, Navi MumbaI.

Materials and Methods:
The study covered a period from July 2003 to July 2019. OSCC cases were retrospectively analysed for age, gender, habit, site of the lesion and histopathological grading given to patients diagnosed with OSCC. Charts were made, analysis was done and the results were formulated. Correlation was also done comparing gender vs habit, gender vs site of the lesion and gender vs histopathological grading given to the OSCC cases to check for statistical significance.

Results:
The study revealed a male to female ratio of ~ 0.7 : 0.3 with the largest number of OSCCs developing in the fourth and sixth decades of life. Overall, Buccal Mucosa (40%) was the most common site involved while floor of the mouth (2.8%) showed the least incidence. Other sites involved were gingiva (34%), tongue (12%), palate (4%) and labial mucosa (3%) respectively. Smokeless tobacco habit was more prevalent than smoking tobacco in both men as well as women. We even observed that 58% of cases were diagnosed with Well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (WDSCC), 39% with Moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (MDSCC) and 2% with Poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (PDSCC). Correlation between gender vs habit, gender vs site of the lesion and gender vs histopathological grading of OSCC was done using chi square test and all the three parameters turned out to be statistically significant.

Conclusion:
An alarming rise in the number of OSCC cases over the years was observed from this 15-year retrospective study. Measures must be taken to make people aware about the ill effects of tobacco and the prolonged usage & the availability of treatment options should be made known to the affected individuals. Race, ethnicity and age cannot be altered; however, lifestyle behaviour such as use of tobacco and alcohol are amenable to change.
Bilateral same session renal stone surgery tolerance and complications
Authors: Addar Abdulmalik , Aljuhayman Ahmed , Ghazwani Yahya , Al Khayal Abdullah , Alasker Ahmed , Emiliani Esteban , Hamri Saeed Bin 
Published: September 2021

Introduction:
The prevalence rate of upper urinary tract calculi in Saudi Arabia is one of the highest globally. Bilateral renal stone management is an option but is still controversial.

Methodology:
The study was a retrospective study, including 31 patients with bilateral renal or ureteric stones who underwent bilateral same-session ureterorenoscopy (BSS-URS). The data collected included age, gender, body mass index (BMI), stone burden bilaterally, operative time bilaterally, hospital stay, stone location, type of anesthesia, stone history, renal anomaly as well as pre- and postoperative JJ stenting. In addition, data related to complications (ureteric injury, renal failure, urinary tract infection, pain requiring an emergency department visit within 1 week of the procedure), the stone-free rate (defined as £ 3 mm asymptomatic stone fragment identified with computed tomography Kidney, Ureter and Bladder 3 months after surgery was also collected. The data were collected from the electronic patient record system, entered in an Excel spreadsheet, and descriptive analysis was done.

Results:
In total, 31 patients were included, with the majority (80.6%, n = 25) male. The mean age was 41.6 years, the mean BMI 28.7 ± 5.59, the mean operative time for each renal unit 46.53 ± 25.69 min, and the mean hospital stay 17.87 ± 8.43 h. The majority (96.7%, n = 30) received general anesthesia. Less than half (40.3%, n = 25) of the renal units had stones in multiple calyces and the majority (90.3%, n = 56) of the renal units were stone free at the 3-month follow-up. A small proportion (3.2%, n = 2) of the renal units were polycystic. Prestenting was documented in 40.3% (n = 25) of the renal units and the majority (95.2%, n = 59) were stented postoperatively.

Conclusion:
BSS-URS is a safe and a highly effective management option for bilateral renal stones.
Postoperative infective complications following percutaneous nephrolithotomy
Authors: Kumar G. Manoj , Nirmal K. P. , Kumar G. Sathish 
Published: September 2021

Introduction:
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is recommended as the first choice of therapeutic strategy for patients with renal stones larger than 2 cm. It is reported that up to one-third of patients might have some perioperative complications, especially fever and urinary tract infections, which constitutes about 21%–39.8% of all the complications.

Primary and Secondary:
The primary aim of the study was to study about the proportion of patients getting post-operative infective complications following PCNL. The secondary aim was to study the patient, stone and procedure related risk factors associated with the infective complications.

Settings and Design:
This is an institution-based observational study.

Materials and Methods:
All patients who underwent PCNL in the Department of Urology, Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, during 3 years from September 2016– to August 2019, were included in the study. In this study, the demographic factors and factors related to the patient, stone, and the procedure were collected and analyzed.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22.0.

Results:
During the 3-year period, a total of 201 patients with renal stones were treated with PCNL in our hospital. Of this 190 cases were taken for analysis. The mean age of patients was 47.7 years, 148 (77.9%) were male, 42 (22.1%) were female, The final outcomes evaluated were episodes of fever, documented urinary tract infection (UTI), pyelonephritis, and sepsis. Thirty-six (18.9%) patients had fever, of which 21 (11.1%) had UTI, 6 (3.1%) had pyelonephritis and 5 (2.6%) developed sepsis.

Conclusions:
Post-PCNL complications are more commonly found in patients with history of preoperative UTI, previous history of renal surgeries, large stone burden, operative procedure more than 90 min, and presence of residual calculi.
Synthetic characterization and structural properties of nanocellulose from <i>moringa oleifera</i> seeds
Authors: Afolabi A. F. , Oluyamo S. S. , Fuwape I. A. 
Published: August 2021

In this research, nanocellulose is isolated from Moringa oleifera seed using acid hydrolysis and the structural properties were determined. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used for the characterization of the isolated nanocellulose. The most noticeable peak is observed at and the value of the crystallinity index () from the XRD pattern is 63.1%. The calculated values of hydrogen bond intensity (HBI), lateral order index (LOI) and total crystalline index (TCI) are 0.93, 1.17and 0.94 respectively exhibited high degree of crystallinity and well arranged cellulose crystal structure. The isolated nanocellulose has an average length and diameter of 14.3 and 36.33 respectively. Furthermore, the FTIR peaks revealed the presence of C-H bending, C-O stretching and O-H stretching functional groups.
Exploring and evaluating Vertically Integrated Teaching in Ethical Decision-Making (VIT-EDM) in pharmacy
Authors: Fino Leen , Basheti Iman A. , Saini Bandana , Moles Rebekah , Chaar Betty B. 
Published: August 2021

Background: With increased patient-centred care, pharmacists are often faced with ethical dilemmas and expected to provide solutions for practice dilemmas, relying on ethical judgment, principles of professional ethics, standards of practice, and moral reasoning capabilities. Pharmacists need to be competent in ethical decision-making which will enable them to act in a morally preferable and justifiable manner with patients. Literature has shown that moral reasoning skills are teachable and measurable competencies in healthcare.
Objective: To evaluate the impact of implementing a vertically integrated teaching approach in ethical decision-making (VIT-EDM), on moral reasoning capabilities of pharmacy students as they progressed from year-one (pre-exposure to teaching intervention) to final year (post-intervention) of pharmacy studies, using the Professional Ethics in Pharmacy test (PEP) as a surrogate measure of moral reasoning capabilities.
Methods: Cross-sectional, parallel cohort, comparison study, using PEP. A de-identified electronic survey link was emailed to enrolled students in each targeted cohort. Descriptive and inferential statistics were conducted using SPSS.
Results: Fourth-year students’ confidence measures were significantly higher in decision-making. Furthermore, students’ decision-making and moral reasoning measures were higher in fourth-year students. They generally demonstrated moral reasoning capabilities belonging to stage four of moral reasoning levels, which is related to benefitting patients while respecting authorities and legal requirements. However, the difference in the P-scores (fourth-year and first-year) was not found statistically significant.
Conclusion: Findings of this study underlined the positive impact of the (VIT-EDM) approach, a relatively novel mixed-method pedagogy in teaching pharmacy ethics. It highlighted the enhanced confidence of students in ethical decision-making when facing an ethical dilemma.
Layanan Dasar Bimbingan Dan Konseling untuk Peningkatan Survival And Safety Skills Siswa
Authors: Putri Vany Dwi , Nakhma’ussolikhah Nakhma’ussolikhah 
Published: September 2021

Survival and Safety Skills is a skill that must be acquired by every individual. One way to improve survival and safety skills is to provide a guidance curriculum of guidance and counseling. The goal of the research is to obtain the depiction of the students’ survival and safety skills which will be the basis to develop the guidance curriculum. A quantitative approach with descriptive methods was used in the research. The instrument in the study was questionnaire in form of scale that was developed based on indicators of junior high school students’ survival and safety skills from Comprehensive School Counseling Program Guide 2009. The population of the study was all eighth grade students of SMP Miftahul Iman in Academic Year 2018/2019. The results showed that the level of the students’ survival and safety skills was in the adequate category. The developed basic guidance was developed based on the the processed data. Based on the study, it is recommended for the school to work with other parties, including students’ parents, to improve the students’ survival and safety skills. Counselors can collaborate with the school, homeroom teachers, and other teachers in order to gather information related to the students’survival and safety skills.
Keywords: Survival and Safety Skills; Students of SMP; Guidance Curriculum Of Guidance And Counseling.
Abstrak
Survival and Safety Skills adalah suatu keterampilan yang harus dimiliki oleh setiap individu. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan survival and safety skills adalah dengan memberikan layanan dasar bimbingan dan konseling. Tujuan penelian adalah memperoleh survival and safety skills siswa yang dijadikan landasan dalam pembuatan layanan dasar bimbingan dan konseling. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Alat pengukuran data adalah kuiseoner berbentuk skala yang dikembangkan berdasarkan indikator survival and safety skills untuk SMP dari Comprehensive School Counseling Program Guide 2009. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP Miftahul Iman Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat survival and safety skills yang dimiliki siswa berada pada kategori cukup. Layanan dasar yang dikembangkan disesuaikan dengan hasil pengolahan data yang telah dilakukan. Secara umum, survival and safety skills siswa berada pada kategori cukup. Rekomendasi penelitian ditujukan bagi pihak sekolah agar dapat melakukan kerjasama yang baik dengan pihak luar maupun orang tua untuk meningkatkan survival and safety skills siswa. Guru BK dapat melakukan bekerjasama dengan pihak sekolah, wali kelas dan guru mata pelajaran untuk mengumpulan informasi terkait survival and safety skills siswa.
Kata Kunci: Survival and Safety Skills; Siswa SMP; Layanan Dasar Bimbingan dan Konseling.
COSMOPOLITISMOS COMO DISCURSO COLONIAL E TRADUÇÃO LITERÁRIA
Authors: Zaidan Junia Mattos 
Published: August 2021

Apresenta-se a hipótese de que o cosmopolitismo opera como potência do discurso regulador da exploração na divisão internacional do trabalho, em que o nacionalismo - proscrito pelo argumento cosmopolitista - tem sido historicamente praticado, de díspares formas, pelos países centrais, com destaque para os Estados Unidos em seu projeto imperialista. A relação da literatura e da tradução literária com os processos transnacionais editoriais face ao cosmopolitismo contemporâneo convoca a análise das determinações dele resultantes, entre as quais, a manutenção dos povos periféricos como corrente auxiliar do circuito multinacional, produzindo a balcanização do conhecimento periférico, ao mesmo tempo que se incute no imaginário desses países dependentes a ilusão da totalidade. Busca-se subsidiar essa hipótese recorrendo-se (1) ao mito do herói Cú-Cullain na literatura traduzida para o irlandês como epítome da construção de um ethos nacionalista anticolonial; (2) ao trabalho da tradutora Else Vieira para assinalar a preponderância da prática tradutória em projetos de afirmação nacional e (3) à discussão de viés cosmopolitista sobre a consagração mundial de Roberto Bolaño como um dos latinoamericanos mais traduzidos no contemporâneo. A perspectiva nacional-popular é apresentada como resposta ao cosmopolitismo, como via para um nacionalismo não burguês, não xenofóbico, não anti-internacionalista, que dê consequência às condições objetivas históricas que nos constituem.
Palavras-chave: Tradução e cosmopolitismo. Tradução literária e o nacional-popular. Nacional-popular. Tradução literária e imperialismo estadunidense.
New technologies and new paradigms: the new technological societies approach
Authors: Mendoza Navarrete Martha Lorena , Zambrano Villegas Yenny Alexandra , Bermudez Cevallos Lilia del Rocio , Viteri Alcivar Yanina Alexandra 
Published: August 2021

New technologies represent novelty depending on the era in which they are viewed, but in all cases they represent social evolution in some way. At present, new technologies are associated with the use of computer tools that strengthen processes, mechanisms, and undoubtedly, social communication. This paper evaluates new technologies focused on social transformations, their impact on human behavior and the social repercussions they may bring with their prevalence over time. Several academic documents of a scientific and technical nature are evaluated, with a view to defining the paradigms of technologies in their evolutionary process through societies. The most outstanding results show that the modern world is subject to a significant impact of information technology, that it encompasses not only educational aspects but also family, personal and economic aspects, and that the implications of traditional substitution by technology may be detrimental to mankind.
Keywords: Technological implications, new societies, technological impact.
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Artificial intelligence and new technologies in times of pandemics
Authors: Viteri Alcivar Yanina Alexandra , Minaya Vera Cristhian Gustavo , Saltos Pinargote Diana Esperanza , Cano Montesdeoca Maria Teresa 
Published: August 2021

Artificial intelligence has marked a before and after in the history of computing, in technological evolution. However, this type of development is unreliable for people, since it puts at risk the use of confidential data and information to be used for other particular interests of companies. This paper evaluates the most salient aspects of artificial intelligence associated with new technologies and its impact on society during the pandemic period. Social needs in the period of social distancing, confinement and how a life of confinement is made acceptable with the use of technological tools are evaluated. A set of scientific publications, academic material, technical reviews are taken into account and it can be observed that new technologies are useful and necessary in the pandemic, however, it is not enough to cover human needs.
Keywords: New technologies, technological society, pandemic, artificial intelligence
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Psychosocial risks in the work environment
Authors: Evangelista Aliaga Jose Luis , Urday Manrique Victor Guiler , Gil Mejia Wendy Sandy , Purizaga Negron Jose Luis 
Published: August 2021

This paper presents a bibliographic review on psychosocial risks at work, especially in view of the health situation the world is going through. Knowing the occupational risks can be very useful to be able to take care of health situations that may arise in time. Work environments are a space of professional competitiveness, and where the person usually spends long hours a day, therefore, it is essential to recognize occupational hazards that could trigger problems in the productivity of the individual. As main results it was found that psychosocial risks have increased considerably with the pandemic, and that the psychological and emotional state of people has changed significantly. These changes can be detrimental to the worker but can also be harmful to industrial production.
Keywords: Psychosocial risk, work situation, occupational risk, risk at work.
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