bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards a Program Theory for Family-Focused Practice in Adult Mental Health Care Settings: An International Interview Study With Program Leaders
Authors: Bauer Annette , Best Stephanie , Malley Juliette , Christiansen Hanna , Goodyear Melinda , Zechmeister-Koss Ingrid , Paul Jean 
Published: October 2021

Objectives: In several high-income countries, family-focused practice programs have been introduced in adult mental health care settings to identify and support children whose parents live with mental health problems. Whilst their common goal is to reduce the impact of parental mental illness on children, the mechanisms by which they improve outcomes in different systems and settings are less well known. This kind of knowledge can importantly contribute to ensuring that practice programs achieve pre-defined impacts.Methods: The aim of this study was to develop knowledge about relationships between contextual factors, mechanisms and impact that could inform a program theory for developing, implementing, and evaluating family-focused practice. Principles of a realist evaluation approach and complex system thinking were used to conceptualize the design of semi-structured in-depth interviews with individuals who led the implementation of programs. Seventeen individuals from eight countries participated in the study.Results: Interviewees provided rich accounts of the components that programs should include, contextual factors in which they operated, as well as the behavior changes in practitioners that programs needed to achieve. Together with information from the literature, we developed an initial program theory, which illustrates the interconnectedness between changes that need to co-occur in practitioners, parents, and children, many of which related to a more open communication about parental mental health problems. Stigma, risk-focused and fragmented health systems, and a lack of management commitment were the root causes explaining, for example, why conversations about parents' mental illness did not take place, or not in a way that they could help children. Enabling practitioners to focus on parents' strengths was assumed to trigger changes in knowledge, emotions and behaviors in parents that would subsequently benefit children, by reducing feelings of guilt and improving self-esteem.Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first research, which synthesizes knowledge about how family-focused practice programs works in a way that it can inform the design, implementation, and evaluation of programs. Stakeholder, who fund, design, implement or evaluate programs should start co-developing and using program theories like the one presented in this paper to strengthen the design and delivery of family-focused practice.
Problematic Drug Use Among Outpatients With Schizophrenia and Related Psychoses
Authors: Chang Sherilyn , Jeyagurunathan Anitha , Lau Jue Hua , Shafie Saleha , Samari Ellaisha , Cetty Laxman , Mok Yee Ming , Verma Swapna , Subramaniam Mythily 
Published: October 2021

Background:Problematic drug use is common among psychiatric patients and is linked with poorer course and outcomes of illness. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of problematic drug use, and to explore its sociodemographic correlates and associations with health behaviors and outcomes among outpatients with schizophrenia and related psychoses in Singapore.Methods:Data from 397 individuals who were aged 21–65 years and were seeking treatment for schizophrenia and related psychoses in the outpatient clinics of a tertiary psychiatric hospital were analyzed. The Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST-10) was used to assess problematic drug use. Information on sociodemographics, smoking status, alcohol use, symptoms severity and quality of life were collected. Multivariable logistic regressions were conducted to explore correlates and associations of problematic drug use.Results:The prevalence of problematic drug use was 5.8% (n= 23) in the sample, and 10.6% (n= 42) of the participants reported having problematic drug use and/or problematic alcohol use. More males than females reported having problematic drug use (p= 0.021), and also problematic drug and/or alcohol use (p= 0.004). Significant associations were observed between problematic drug use and smokers with nicotine dependence, and with physical health domain of quality of life. Individuals with greater symptom severity were approximately twice as likely to have problematic drug use and/or alcohol use.Conclusion:While the prevalence of problematic drug use in this sample population is relatively lower compared to other countries, there is a considerable number who might be at risk. Routine screening and close monitoring of drug use is recommended as part of psychiatric assessment, particularly among males and patients with nicotine dependence.
Exploring the Relationship Between Anxiety, Depression, and Sleep Disturbance Among HIV Patients in China From a Network Perspective
Authors: Wang Ni , Wang Muyu , Xin Xin , Zhang Tong , Wu Hao , Huang Xiaojie , Liu Honglei 
Published: October 2021

Background: Mental disorder of people living with HIV (PLWH) has become a common and increasing worldwide public health concern. We aimed to explore the relationship between anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbance for PLWH from a network perspective.Methods: The network model featured 28 symptoms on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale questionnaire and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire in a sample of 4,091 HIV-infected persons. Node predictability and strength were computed to assess the importance of items. We estimated and compared 20 different networks based on subpopulations such as males and females to analyze similarities and differences in network structure, connections, and symptoms.Results: Several consistent patterns and interesting differences emerged across subgroups. Pertaining to the connections, some symptoms such as S12–S13 (“sleepy”—“without enthusiasm”) shown a strong positive relationship, indicating that feeling sleepy was a good predictor of lacking enthusiasm, and vice versa. While other symptoms, such as A3–D3 (“worried”—“cheerful”), were negatively related in all networks, revealing that nodes A3 and D3 were bridge symptoms between anxiety and depression. Across all subgroups, the most central symptom was A7 “panic” and S2 “awake”, which had the greatest potential to affect an individual's mental state. While S3 “bathroom” and S5 “cough or snore” shown consistent lower node importance, which would be of limited therapeutic use.Conclusions: Mental conditions of PLWH varied considerably among subgroups, inspiring psychiatrists and clinicians that personalized invention to a particular subgroup was essential and might be more effective during treatment than adopting the same therapeutic schedule.
Meta-Analysis Using NGS Data: The Veillonella Species in Dental Caries
Authors: Dame-Teixeira Naile , de Lima Ana Karolina Almeida , Do Thuy , Stefani Cristine Miron 
Published: October 2021

Objectives: In light of recent technological advances in Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and the accumulation of large, publicly available oral microbiome datasets, the need for meta-analysing data on caries microbiome is becoming feasible and essential. A consensus on the identification of enriched organisms in cariogenic dysbiotic biofilms would be reached. For example, members of the Veillonella genus have been detected in caries biofilms, and may have an underestimated contribution to the dysbiotic process. Hence, we aimed to determine the abundance of Veillonella species in dental caries in studies using NGS data.Materials and Methods: Analysis was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (registered at PROSPERO: CRD42020204150). Studies investigating microbial composition in saliva, dental biofilm, or carious dentin were included. Six databases and grey literature were searched. Two independent reviewers selected the papers and assessed the methodological quality.Results: Searches retrieved 1,323 titles, from which 38 studies were included in a qualitative synthesis, comprising a total of 1,374 caries and 745 caries-free individuals. Most studies analysed 16S rRNA amplicons, and only 5 studies used shotgun metagenomics and metatranscriptomics. A geographical bias was observed. The methodological quality was downrated in 81.5% of the studies due to the lack of criteria for defining cases and standard criteria used for measurement of the condition in a reliable way. Six studies on early childhood caries (ECC) were meta-analysed, confirming a significant enrichment of Veillonella spp. in caries-associated biofilms (but not saliva) when compared to caries-free controls [mean difference: 2.22 (0.54–3.90); p = 0.01].Conclusions:Veillonella spp. is more abundant in individuals suffering with ECC when compared to caries-free controls (very low evidence certainty), and should be considered for further studies to observe their metabolism in dental caries. There is an urgent need for a consensus in methodologies used to allow for more rigorous comparison between NGS studies, particularly including clinical data and details of caries diagnosis, as they are currently scarce. Inconsistent reporting on the NGS data affected the cross-study comparison and the biological connexions of the relative abundances on caries microbiome.
Loneliness, Solitude and Isolation in the Family as Conceptualised by Jesper Juul
Authors: Rojewska Ewa 
Published: October 2021

This article presents an analysis of the theory of relations and upbringing in the family as conceived by Jesper-Juul, whereby the focal point of the study rests on solitude, loneliness and isolation. The research was conducted using an analytical-synthetic method elaborated on the basis of the works of this pedagogue and therapist.
The obtained results indicate an ontological dimension of loneliness in the family, and the need for its prior experience to guarantee one’s capacity to forge satisfying future relationships. The analysis of Juul's work leads to the conclusion that solitude and loneliness experienced in the family promote emotional growth of partners and that of the child. The work further focuses on destructive loneliness, i.e. isolation. The predominant conclusion drawn therefrom is that solitude and loneliness in the family carry a relationship-building potential. In the era of the Covid-19 pandemic, undertaking an in-depth analysis of this problem is particularly justified.
Martial burnout in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder: the role of marital communication and sociodemographicfactors
Authors: Kaleta Kinga , Błońska Sylwia 
Published: October 2021

Raising a child with special needs poses a challenge for their parents not only as caregivers but also as spouses. The aim of the present study was to analyze the relationships between communication behaviors, both own and partners’, and the level of marital burnout in mothers with a child with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Moderating role of selected sociodemographic factors, such as duration of marriage, number of children, age of a child with disorder, professional activity of mothers, and perceived parents' contribution to caring for a child with an autism spectrum disorder was also tested. The Marital Communication Questionnaire, the Marital Burnout scale and a sociodemographic survey were used in the study. The sample was composed of 100 women, married mothers of a child with ASD. The results showed an inverse relationship between own and partner’s supportive and engaged communication, and the feeling of marital burnout in women. At the same time, there was a positive relationship between depreciation in own and partner’s communication and female burnout. These relationships were not moderated by any of the sociodemographic variables.
Health problems of postmenopausal women
Authors: Pałucka Klaudia , Bałanda-Bałdyga Agnieszka , Pilewska-Kozak Anna B. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract: The postmenopausal period is the final stage of the transition from the procreative period to the senium period. It is also a time of many complex biological transformations. The changes that occur, associated with the gradual expiration of the endocrine function of the ovaries, can affect the appearance of many psychophysical ailments. Low estrogen values, which are physiologically observed in the postmenopausal period, result in the appearance of various health problems. Clinical signs are divided into early (short-term) and late (long-term). This work discusses the definition and course of postmenopause and the health problems and consequences of sex hormone deficiencies on a woman's body systems. Being aware of the changes taking place during this period of women's lives can help improve and/or create new prophylactic programs. This knowledge seems essential in the daily practice of health professionals, in particular gynaecologists and midwives.
Key words: menopause, postmenopause, climacteric syndrome
Formulasi Spray Gel Ekstrak Etil Asetat Bunga Melati (Jasminum sambac (L.) Ait.) Sebagai Antijerawat
Authors: Hayati Rima , Sari Amelia , Chairunnisa Chairunnisa 
Published: October 2021

Bunga melati (Jasminum sambac (L.) Ait.) mengandung linalool, geraniol, eugeniol, eugenol yang dikenal dengan zat penolak serangga. Pada penelitian ini peneliti ingin memformulasikan ekstrak bunga melati menjadi sediaan spray gel yang berfungsi sebagai antijerawat. Dalam penelitian ini dibuat 3 kali pengulangan sediaan spray gel dengan konsentrasi ekstrak etil asetat bunga melati 10%. Eksipien yang digunakan dalam formulasi ini adalah karbopol, gliserin, NaOH, dinatrium EDTA dan NaCl. Spray gel ekstrak bunga melati yang dihasilkan berwarna kuning kecoklatan, berbentuk cair dan berbau khas bunga melati. Selain itu sediaan ini juga menunjukkan uji daya sebar 6 cm (P1), 5,5 cm (P2), 5,75 cm (P3). Uji kondisi semprotan ketiga batch baik, sifat ketahanan melekat. Waktu kering 3,01 menit (P1), 2,50 menit (P2), 2,46 menit (P3) dan memiliki pH 4,59 (P1), 4,58 (P2), 4,48 (P3). Ketiga pengulangan formula memenuhi persyaratan uji viskositas dan tidak mengiritasi.Kata Kunci : Spray gel, Bunga Melati, KarbopolJasmine (Jasminum sambac (L.) Ait.) contains linalool, geraniol, eugeniol, eugenol which are known as insect repellents. In this study, researchers wanted to formulate jasmine flower extract into spray gel preparations that function as anti-acne. In this study, 3 repetitions of spray gel preparations were made with 10% jasmine flower ethyl acetate extract concentration. The excipients used in this formulation were carbopol, glycerin, NaOH, disodium EDTA and NaCl. The resulting jasmine flower extract spray gel is brownish yellow, liquid and has the characteristic smell of jasmine. In addition, this preparation also showed a spread test of 6 cm (P1), 5.5 cm (P2), 5.75 cm (P3). Test the spray conditions of the three batches is good, inherent resistance properties. Dry time was 3,01 minutes (P1), 2,50 minutes (P2), 2,46 minutes (P3) and had a pH of 4,59 (P1), 4,58 (P2), 4,48 (P3). Three repetitions formulas meet the viscosity test requirements and do not irritate.Keywords: Spray gel, Jasmine, Karbopol
Using Concentration Offset to Analyze the Dependence of Galaxy Quenching on Morphology
Authors: Patrick A. L. , Lintott C. , Smethurst R. J. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Quenching is the process by which a galaxy's star formation ceases and it moves from being a blue star-forming to a red quiescent galaxy. Concentration has been shown to be a good indicator of this process; this paper uses ΔΣ1 (a concentration offset derived below) to observe how quenching differs between galaxy morphologies. We use Sloan Digital Sky Survey data to plot ΔSFR against ΔΣ1, with morphological classifications from Galaxy Zoo 2 and environmental classifications from Yang et al. We find a difference in the distributions of concentration offset between early- and late-types that is not observed with differing environmental conditions and so conclude that separating the two allows more insight into their individual quenching processes. Late-types are shown to follow a process of compaction before then quenching and this is consistent with a picture where they quench slower than the early-types.
Paleopathological study of the Egyptian mummies collected in Italy: the Anubis project
Authors: Ciranni Rosalba , Pangoli Donata , Giuffra Valentina , Caramella DAvide , Bresciani Edda , Silvano Flora , Fornaciari Gino 
Published: October 2021

Eighty-five Egyptian mummies belonging to different dynastic periods and collected in a number of Italian museums, have been censed and submitted for paleopathological research.
In most cases the presence of bandages required the application of X- rays and computed axial tomography (CAT). Fifty-two mummies have been studied in situ with Xrays; twelve with CAT scanning. Technical problems kept us from investigating eleven of the censed mummies. In a few cases it was possible to perform autopsies, endoscopy, or histological studies. The mummies submitted for X- rays were divided into two groups: The first group thirty-six mummies studied by the team of Paleopathology-Egyptology of the University of Pisa were studied for the first time. The second group was composed of twenty-six mummies studied elsewhere in Italy. Those results also have been included in the Anubi Project database.
Use of hard stainless steel “office” pin as improvised post in the management of Ellis class III fracture of anterior teeth in a resource poor and challenging environment: Case reports
Authors: Erhabor Paul , Alalibo Soseipiriala , Okino Benjamin Onimisi 
Published: October 2021

Objective: Traumatic dental injury is considered as the damage to the teeth and/or other hard and soft tissues within and around the oral cavity caused by the collision of the individual with a moving or stationary object. Traumatic dental injury to the anterior teeth can result in varying degree of injuries ranging from various types of fracture of teeth to avulsed teeth. Ellis class III fracture of anterior teeth following trauma, is a common presentation to the dental clinic and may result in pain and discomfort, aesthetic challenge and impaired quality of life. The treatment of Ellis class III fracture of anterior teeth involves a combination of treatment of the pulp injury and the un-aesthetic crown fracture, usually by endodontic treatment and Aesthetic Restorative Materials (ARM). This article reviewed the use of ARM in the management of Ellis class III fracture of anterior teeth and reported our experience in Stella Obasanjo Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria on Ellis class III fracture of anterior teeth managed with hard stainless steel “office” pin retained composite restoration.
Results: Composite restoration retained with hard stainless steel pin meets the patients’ expectations of aesthetics; strength and retention of restorative material after the fractured teeth have been treated with RCT.
Conclusion: Hard stainless steel “office” pin retained composite restoration facilitates the retention of the aesthetic material (composite) which results in morale boost, improved patients’ comfort and improved quality of life of patients. Authors hereby suggest the use of hard stainless steel "office" pin as an acceptable improvised post in a resource poor environment rather than risk failure of restoration.
An Arctic ozone hole in 2020 if not for the Montreal Protocol
Authors: Wilka Catherine , Solomon Susan , Kinnison Doug , Tarasick David 
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Without the Montreal Protocol, the already extreme Arctic ozone losses in the boreal spring of 2020 would be expected to have produced an Antarctic-like ozone hole, based upon simulations performed using the specified dynamics version of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (SD-WACCM) and using an alternate emission scenario of 3.5 % growth in ozone-depleting substances from 1985 onwards. In particular, we find that the area of total ozone below 220 DU (Dobson units), a standard metric of Antarctic ozone hole size, would have covered about 20 million km2. Record observed local lows of 0.1 ppmv (parts per million by volume) at some altitudes in the lower stratosphere seen by ozonesondes in March 2020 would have reached 0.01, again similar to the Antarctic. Spring ozone depletion would have begun earlier and lasted longer without the Montreal Protocol, and by 2020, the year-round ozone depletion would have begun to dramatically diverge from the observed case. This extreme year also provides an opportunity to test parameterizations of polar stratospheric cloud impacts on denitrification and, thereby, to improve stratospheric models of both the real world and alternate scenarios. In particular, we find that decreasing the parameterized nitric acid trihydrate number density in SD-WACCM, which subsequently increases denitrification, improves the agreement with observations for both nitric acid and ozone. This study reinforces that the historically extreme 2020 Arctic ozone depletion is not cause for concern over the Montreal Protocol's effectiveness but rather
demonstrates that the Montreal Protocol indeed merits celebration for
avoiding an Arctic ozone hole.
The impact of nitrogen and sulfur emissions from shipping on the exceedance of critical loads in the Baltic Sea region
Authors: Jutterström Sara , Moldan Filip , Moldanová Jana , Karl Matthias , Matthias Volker , Posch Maximilian 
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The emissions of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) species to the atmosphere from shipping significantly contribute to S and N deposition
near the coast and to acidification and/or eutrophication of soils and
freshwater. In the countries around the Baltic Sea, the shipping volume and
its relative importance as a source of emissions are expected to increase if no efficient regulations are implemented. To assess the extent of
environmental damage due to ship emissions for the Baltic Sea area, the
exceedance of critical loads (CLs) for N and S has been calculated for the
years 2012 and 2040. The paper evaluates the effects of several future
scenarios, including the implementation of NECA and SECA (Nitrogen And
Sulfur Emission Control Areas). The implementation of NECA and SECA caused
a significant decrease in the exceedance of CLs for N as a nutrient
while the impact on the – already much lower – exceedance of CLs for acidification was less pronounced. The relative contribution from
Baltic shipping to the total deposition decreased from 2012 in the 2040
scenario for both S and N. In contrast to exceedances of CLs for
acidification, shipping still has an impact on exceedances for
eutrophication in 2040. Geographically, the impact of shipping emissions is
unevenly distributed even within each country. This is illustrated by
calculating CL exceedances for 21 Swedish counties. The impact, on a national
level, is driven by a few coastal counties, where the impact of shipping is
much higher than the national summary suggests.