bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcome of Injection Botulinum Toxin in Blepharospasm
Authors: Amatya Malita , Limbu Ben , Rajkarnikar Purnima , Gurung Hom Bahadur , Saiju Rohit 
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Blepharospasm is a condition of involuntary spasm of the orbicularis oculi muscle which leads to intermittent or complete closure of the eyelids. Botulinum toxin is the currently recommended first line treatment for such blepharospasm. This study aims to find out the outcome of injection Botulinum toxin Type A in Blepharospasm.
Materials and methods: It was a hospital based, prospective, interventional study conducted on patients diagnosed as Benign essential blepharospasm (BEB), Meige syndrome (MS) and Hemifacial spasm (HFS) by oculoplastic surgeon at Oculoplasty department OPD, Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology, from December 2018 to November 2019. After taking all standard precautions for botulinum toxin injections, 6 to 8 sites for injecting 2.5 to 5 IU of the toxin were given. All the patients were evaluated before and after injections according to Jankovic spasm grading and improvement in functional impairment scale and followed on one week, one month, three month and when the symptoms reappeared.
Results: A total of 43 cases which included 32 cases of Benign essential Blepharospasm, 9 Hemifacial spasm and 2 Meige syndrome. The mean Jankovic severity score was 3.51 ± 0.51 (range 3-4). The mean improvement in functional score was 2.60 ± 0.54 (range 1-3), was statistically significant (p-value <0.001).The effective period of injection was 130 ± 20.82 (93 – 189) days.38 patients had repeated injections after reappearance of symptoms. 4 patients had side effects of redness and hematoma at one site.
Conclusion: This study concludes that Botulinum toxin type A is effective in the management of Benign essential blepharospasm, Hemifacial spasm and Meige syndrome. This along with a good safety profile justifies its role as a first line treatment therapy in blepharospasm. However, it is a temporary treatment option where the effect lasts for a short period of time and repeated injections are required.
Risk Factors Associated with Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Hospital Based Study
Authors: Tulsyan Nitin , Gupta Namrata , Agrawal Nisha 
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) is a chronic diffuse abnormality of the Meibomian glands often found as a result of precipitating factors like dyslipidemia, infections, hypertension, diabetes, etc. This study aims to find the prevalence of various risk factors of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) which will ultimately help in managing the disease and explaining the prognosis.
Materials and methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study. A total of 400 patients with MGD over the age of 30 were examined. Patients with a history of taking lipid altering drugs, pre-existing ocular comorbidities were excluded from the study.
Results: Severity of MGD increased with ageing. There was a significant risk of higher grades of MGD in hypertensives, diabetics & post-menopausal women. Higher levels of LDL cholesterol showed significant risk.
Conclusion: Blood sugar, blood pressure, blood cholesterol were seen to be the risk factors in the study and thus, should be kept within normal limits to reduce the severity of disease. Alcohol & cigarette consumption should be avoided even if they didn’t show a significant relationship.
Impact of the Covid 19 pandemic on preclinical teaching in medical schools-Lessons learned
Authors: Nabbout Ghassan , Nassar Camille 
Published: April 2021

Objectives: The authors analyzed the weaknesses and areas of opportunities with the online teaching imposed by the COVID19 lockdown, and the new measures adopted to control the online examinations for medical students. Method: In addition to personalized question sets we had location mapping and Open Broadcaster Software (OBS) for monitoring students during the exams as well as disabling the back-button during examination. Results: The academic year was successfully completed on time. There was no change in the exams format or scope, yet the results were similar in terms of grade distribution, average and standard deviation as well as the validity and reliability scores. The students’ perception of online teaching was evaluated through a survey. It revealed the importance and added value of online teaching but also exposed the gaps related to lecturers’ preparedness and need for training. Conclusion: The online experience was a valuable lesson for us, as we discovered not only the weaknesses or areas to improve, but also new ways and opportunities that can be explored to enhance the learning experience. Our plan is to introduce online teaching gradually to all modules and align it with students’ readiness through direct implications of students; however, every center should develop its own long-term plan to address its own problems and weaknesses.
Cytogenetic evaluation of α, β-amirina obtained in resin of Protium heptaphylum (Aubl.) Marchand in polychromatics erythrocytes of mice swiss.
Authors: Rego Lucas Rodrigues do , Vale Everton Pantoja , Pureza Danilo Dheyvison Nascimento , Neto Moacir de Azevedo Bentes Monteiro , Medeiros Fernando Antônio de , Martins Rebecca 
Published: April 2021

The Amazon Rainforest has a great variety of medicinal plants, among them we can highlight the “Almecegueira” or “Breu Branco” (Protium heptaphylum) in Portuguese, the producer of a greenish-white resin that hardens when it touches the air, known by its gastroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. These effects are attributed to a triterpene mixture of α and β amirine, predominant in the resin. The purpose of the study is to obtain a cytogenetic profile to the α, β-amirine mixture obtained in the resin of P. heptaphylum. For this, the micronucleus test was used in peripheral blood and bone marrow; administering solution in Swiss mice with the dosages of 1mg/Kg, 3mg/Kg, and 10mg/Kg, diluted in 5% DMSO, the effects were observed in 24h and 48h after the treatment. For the test in peripheral blood the mice’s caudal vein was punctured, while for the bone marrow test, the femurs of the animals were obtained from which bone marrow samples were taken. It was found that in peripheral blood, the administration of the compounds did not cause genotoxicity in 24h and 48h, in contrast, antigenotoxicity was, for concentrations 1; 3 and 10mg/kg, respectively 10%; 12%; 67% in 24h and 9%; 15%; 73% in 48h. In the bone marrow, no genotoxicity was observed, as for antigenotoxicity was observed that for concentrations 1; 3 e 10mg/kg the percentage of reduction was respectively: 11%, 15%, and 30% in 24h and 13% 16% 33% in 48h. It is concluded that the studied compound can be an alternative for treatments in the future since it presents low toxicity and high antigenotoxic potential.
Teachers' Physical Activity: A Necessity for Stability of Schools' Culture During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Parra Gerby , Tan Emily 
Published: April 2021

The recent COVID-19 outbreak has caused confusion and uncertainty to many educational organizations worldwide, forcing school leaders to weave through many school priorities. As schools take on online teaching, teachers were compelled to sit on their chairs, interacting with students using the screens for more than four hours every day. This has resulted in a decrease in physical activity, affecting their health and quality of teaching. Unfortunately, the dichotomy is as teachers care for their students' physical and mental health, teachers' physical well-being is not a priority in most schools' culture during this pandemic.

This paper aims to address this gap in teacher's lack of Physical Activity, which is necessary to help stabilize the school culture during this pandemic. It will highlight school leaders' critical role in promoting physical well-being as part of the school culture. Moreover, it will discuss the benefits of teachers staying active, and it will also present possible ways to foster a culture geared toward teachers' involvement in physical activities.
Struktur dan Komposisi Hutan Mangrove di Kampung Sakartemin Distrik Fakfak Tengah, Kabupaten Fakfak, Papua Barat
Authors: Watofa Gail , Astuti Ning S. , Wanaputra Amadion Andika 
Published: April 2021

Sakartemin is one of the village Fakfak Regency which has naturally growing mangrove forest. However, due to the economic development, the government should build up some infrastructures near by those mangrove forest. The disturbance nearby mangrove ecosystem cause changes in structure and composition of mangrove vegetation. This study aims to identify the types of mangrove vegetation and to find out the structure and composition of mangrove forest in Sakartemin Village, Central Fakfak District, Fakfak Regency. The method that used in this study is vegetation survey method combining path and checkered line method. The result shown that mangrove species in the sakartemin village consist of 5 families, namely: Rhizophoraceae, Meliaceae, Soneratiaceae, Â Pandanaceae, and Myrsinaceae which consists of 7 species namely: Rhizophora stylosa, R. apiculata, Xylocarpus granatum, Soneratia alba, Bruguiera gymnhoriza, Pandanus sp., and Aegiceras corniculatum. At the seedling level found 1002 individuals, sapling level found 404 individuals, and tree level found 319 individuals. The highest importance value index (IVI) at seedling level was R. stylosa 55.41% and the lowest was A. corniculatum 9.49%. The highest IVI at sapling level was R. apiculata 57.72% and the lowest was Pandanus 5.49%. The highest IVI at the tree level was R. apiculata 88.62% and the lowest was B. gymnhoriza 42.45%.Key words: Sakartemin village; mangrove; structure; composition; Fakfak.
Analisa Kadar Protein Albumin Ikan Sidat (Anguilla bicolor) Air Tawar Segar dan Dikukus di Maduran Lamomgan
Authors: Haq Fafa Maulal , Santoso Hari , Syauqi Ahmad 
Published: April 2021

Anguilla bicolor is the fish that have high level economic and that was export commodity. One of potential that have in protein content of albumin more high than another fish, this matter can be used as substitute alternative Human Serum Albumin (HSA) which market so expensive. The aim of this research is to know quality of Anguilla bicolor albumin, to compare between albumins of fresh Anguilla bicolor and have steamed. The used method this study is experiment with sampling purposive and technic Duplo test analysis. This research use four times test and each sample take two quotation top (around the head) and bottom (around tail). Process sterilization and deposition albumin doing in two sections the first, using NaOH 10% to promote pH to 11.5 and discharge pH use H2SO410 % to 5,5. For test albumin quantity itself use spectrophotometer with 420nm spectrum. Based on outcome research indicate quality of Anguilla bicolor albumin steamed more high than fresh Anguilla bicolor however difference obtained is not significant.ABTRAKIkan sidat (Anguilla bicolor) merupakan ikan yang memiliki potensi dalam bidang ekonomi yang tinggi dan merupakan komoditas ekspor yang menjanjikan. Salah satu potensi yang dimiliki adalah kandugan protein albumin ikan sidat yang tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan ikan lainnya, hal ini dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai alternatif pengganti HSA (Human Serum Albumin) yang dipasaran harganya relatif mahal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar albumin ikan sidat, juga membandingkan antara albumin ikan sidat segar dan dikukus. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah ekperimen dengan purposive sampling serta teknik analisa uji rerata duplo. Penelitian ini menggunakan empat kali ulangan dan masing-masing sampel diambil dua cuplikan bagian atas (sekitar kepala) dan bagian bawah (sekitar ekor). Proses penyeterilan dan pegendapan albumin dilakukan dengan 2 tahap yakni menggunakan NaOH 10% untuk menaikkan pH hingga 11,5 dan penurunan pH menggunakan H2SO410 % hingga 5,5. Untuk uji kuantitas albumin sendiri menggunakan spektrofotometer dengan panjang gelombang 450 A. Berdasalkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar albumin ikan sidat yang dikukus lebih tinggi daripada ikan sidat yang segar namun perbedaan yang didapatkan tidak signifikan.Kata Kunci : Ikan Sidat (Anguilla bicolor), Albumin, Segar, Kukus
Rebusan Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale Rosc. var Rubrum) – Kunyit Putih (Curcuma zedoaria Rosc.) sebagai Jamu Peluruh Urin
Authors: Sholehuddin Mohammad , Santoso Hari , Syauqi Ahmad 
Published: April 2021

A diuretic is a compound that can stimulate urine releasing. The content of gingerol, curcumin and flavonoids in red ginger - white turmeric is thought to be efficacious as urine laxative. This study aims to determine efficacy of red ginger stew - white turmeric as urine laxative and to determine the level of differences in NaCl before and after drinking red ginger stew - white turmeric. The test was carried out by giving one1 cup (250 ml) of red ginger - white turmeric stew every day for 5 days. Using a quasi-experimental method with posttest pretest design was done. Data analysis uses percentage calculation. The results showed that administration of red ginger stew - white turmeric efficacious as a urine laxative which is characterized by increased intensity of urinary discharge, pH and NaCl of urine levels, as well as urine color that is getting transparent and clearer. Keywords: red ginger stew - white turmeric, urine laxative ABSTRAKDiuretikum adalah suatu senyawa yang dapat merangsang pengeluaran urin. kandungan senyawa gingerol, kurkumin dan flavonoid pada jahe merah – kunyit putih diduga berkhasiat sebagai peluruh urin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui khasiat rebusan jahe merah - kunyit putih sebagai peluruh urin dan untuk mengetahui kadar perbedaan NaCl sebelum dan sesudah minum rebusan jahe merah – kunyit putih. Pengujian dilakukan dengan pemberian rebusan jahe merah – kunyit putih sebanyak 1 gelas (250 ml) perhari selama 5 hari. Menggunakan metode quasi eksperimen dengan rancangan pre-tes post-test. Analisis data menggunakan perhitungan persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian rebusan jahe merah – kunyit putih berkhasiat sebagi peluruh urin, yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya intensitas pengeluaran urin, pH urin dan Kadar NaCl urin, serta warna urin yang semakin muda dan jernih.Kata kunci: rebusan jahe merah – kunyit putih, peluruh urin
Pengaruh Rasio Volume Tris Kuning Telur terhadap Motilitas Spermatozoa Sapi Brahman (Bos indicus) sebelum Dibekukan
Authors: Ikbal Mohammad , Santoso Hari , Latuconsina Husain 
Published: April 2021

Brahman cow (Bos indicus) is superior beef cattle and maintained by the wider community to meet the needs of meat in Indonesia. An effective way to accelerate breeding of Brahman cattle is using Artificial Insemination (IB). Purpose of the study to find out whether egg yolk thinner can maintain the spermatozoa motility of Brahman beef semen before it is frozen. This research was conducted at the center for Artificial Insemination (BBIB) Singosari Malang. This study used an experimental method from fresh spermatozoa samples from Brahman cattle. Spermatozoa motility analysis was calculated based on the average percentage after being given egg yolk tris at each test. Spermatozoa material uses fresh semen with differences in individual motility in the age of cattle 3 years, 4th and 5 years. The results of the study showed the mean spermatozoa motility of Bizzyard cow aged 3 years before freezing X ̅_1 = 57.8%, Ken Marcus aged 5 years X ̅_2 = 57.2% and Texan aged 4 years X ̅_3 = 57.4%. The mean value of spermatozoa motility decreases in proportion to the increase in the volume of the egg yolk thinner. Further research is needed regarding the role of egg yolk tris and its volume ratio to spermatozoa motility after freezing or post thawing.Keywords: egg yolk tris, Brahman cow, spermatozoa motilityABSTRAKSapi Brahman (Bos indicus) merupakan sapi pedaging yang unggul dan di pelihara masyarakat luas untuk memenuhi kebutuhan daging di Indonesia. Cara percepatan perkembangbiakan sapi Brahman yang efektif menggunakan Inseminasi Buatan (IB). Tujuan penelitian Untuk mengetahui apakah bahan pengencer tris kuning telur dapat mempertahankan motilitas spermatozoa semen sapi brahman sebelum dibekukan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Balai Besar Inseminasi Buatan (BBIB) Singosari Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metoda eksperimental dari sampel spermatozoa segar sapi Brahman. Analisa motilitas spermatozoa dihitung berdasarkan presentase rata-rata setelah diberi tris kuning telur pada setiap ulangan. Bahan spermatozoa menggunakan semen segar dengan perbedaan motilitas individu pada umur sapi 3 th, 4th dan 5 tahun. Hasil penelitian nilai rerata motilitas spermatozoa before freezing sapi Bizzyard umur 3 tahun X ̅_1= 57,8%, Ken Marcus yang berumur 5 tahun X ̅_2 = 57,2% dan Texan yang berumur 4 tahun X ̅_3 = 57,4%. Nilai rerata motilitas spermatozoa semakin menurun sebanding dengan kenaikan volume pengencer tris kuning telur. Perlu adanya penelitian lanjutan mengenai peranan tris kuning telur serta rasio volumenya terhadap motilitas spermatozoa setelah di bekukan atau post thawing.Kata Kunci : tris kuning telur, sapi Brahman, motilitas spermatozoa
Meretas Meretas Pemilih Berkelas dalam Pemilu
Authors: Sutiyo Sutiyo 
Published: April 2021

MERETAS PEMILIH BERKELAS DALAM PEMILU

SUTIYO1*

Prodi Ilmu Administrasi Publik, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik (STISIPOL) Dharma Wacana1*
Jl. Kenanga No.3 Mulyojati, Metro Barat 16C Kota Metro-Lampung
Email: tiodharma@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Elections as a means of election or circulation of public leadership are facing challenges from the quality factor of voters, as is the case with money politics.
In such circumstances, the purpose of writing this outreach activity is an effort to hack classy voters.
The method of community service activities is carried out through the presentation of the material along with a question and answer session or discussion. Technically, the community service in the field is assisted by village officials and students in mobilizing audiences and completing the facilities and infrastructure for the event.
In brief, from the discussion of the activities, it was revealed that the residents, especially those living in the village, really need this kind of activity. Counseling becomes a medium and a source of reference for improving the quality of voters in elections, which they have not received much so far. In this case, the audience absorbs new things that are valuable for improving the quality of choices, such as regarding the quality of political parties and public leadership.
The conclusion from this outreach activity is that the rationality / objectivity aspect of elections in the eyes of citizens has so far been less popular with the practice of money politics. On the one hand, there is not much information or material regarding efforts to improve the quality of voters.As for the other side, the General Elections have not been optimal in presenting quality election contestants / participants, both in terms of candidates and political parties. The impact of this outreach activity is to become a strategic and important means of igniting the determination of citizens in the context of improving the quality of voters.

Keywords: general election, election effectiveness, voter quality
Pengalaman Keluarga Dalam Memberikan Dukungan Terhadap Penderita Hipertensi
Authors: Rusdianingseh  
Published: April 2021

Hipertensi termasuk salah satu penyakit degenaratif yang sering dijumpai di masyarakat dan sering muncul tanpa gejala. Penyakit hipertensi akan menjadi masalah yang serius jika tidak dikelola dengan baik, karena akan berkembang dan menimbulkan komplikasi yang berbahaya. Keberhasilan pengendalian hipertensi, salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh dukungan keluarga. Dukungan keluarga merupakan bentuk interaksi antar anggota keluarga yang dapat memberikan kenyamanan fisik dan psikologis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan pemahaman mendalam mengenai arti dan makna dukungan keluarga terhadap penderita hipertensi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain fenomenologi deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah keluarga yang mempunyai anggota keluarga menderita hipertensi yang tinggal di wilayah Kebonsari Surabaya. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah rekaman wawancara yang dibuat transkrip verbatim serta dianalisa menggunakan aplikasi Open Code 4.0. Hasil penelitian ini adalah teridentifikasi 4 tema yaitu Respon psikologis emosional, Dukungan finansial, Dukungan instrumen dan Harapan keluarga. Peningkatan pengetahuan dan peran serta keluarga sangat diperlukan untuk penderita hipertensi dalam mengendalikan tekanan darah

ABSTRACT

Hypertension is a degenerative disease that is often found in society and often appears without symptoms. Hypertension will become a serious problem if it is not managed properly, because it will develop and cause dangerous complications. The successfull of controlling hypertension is influenced by family support. Family support is a form of interaction between family members that can provide physical and psychological comfort. The purpose of this study was to gain an in-depth understanding of the meaning and meaning of family support for hypertensive sufferers. This study used a descriptive phenomenology design. Data collection was carried out by in-depth interviews. Participants in this study are families who have family members suffering from hypertension who live in the Kebonsari area of ​​Surabaya. The data collected were recorded interviews made with verbatim transcripts and analyzed using the Open Code 4.0 application. The results of this study identified 4 themes, namely emotional psychological response, financial support, instrument support and family expectations. Increased knowledge and family participation is needed for people with hypertension in controlling blood pressure.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COUNSELING THROUGH AUDIO VISUAL MEDIA USING ANIMATION VIDEO ON COMPLIANCE OF IRON TABLETS (FE) CONSUMPTION IN PREGNANT WOMEN AT WORKING AREA OF TANJUNG MORAWA COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER IN 2020
Authors: Saadah Khairiatu , Sianturi Efendi 
Published: April 2021

The results of Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) issued by the Health Research and Development Agency (Baritbankes) of the Indonesian Ministry of Health in 2018 stated that the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in Indonesia was 48.9%. In North Sumatra, blood tests were carried out on pregnant women from 9,377 pregnant women in three cities, namely Medan, Pematang Siantar and Kisaran. 33% of them had anemia. One of the causes of anemia in pregnancy is iron deficiency.
The type of research used was pre-experiment with One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. In this study, using purposive sampling technique, namely 34 pregnant women.
Adherence is the level of patients carrying out the treatment and behavior suggested by their doctor or by others. Meanwhile, the compliance with taking blood-supplemented tablets is a behavior where pregnant women support the iron supplementation program carried out by the government to prevent anemia in pregnant women.
Based on the results of the research discussion entitled "Effectiveness of Extension through Audio Visual Media Using Animation Videos on Compliance with the Consumption of Iron (Fe) Tablets in Pregnant Women in the Work Area of ??the Tanjung Morawa community Health Center in 2020, it can be concluded that the compliance of respondents before being given counseling was the majority as obedient as 22 respondents ( 35.3%) and the compliance of respondents after being given counseling was the majority obedient as many as 29 respondents (85.3%), and the effectiveness of counseling through audio-visual media using animation videos on compliance with consuming iron tablets (Fe) in pregnant women in the work area of ?? Tanjung Morawa community health center in 2020 after being given counseling with the results of the T test paired sample T-test, it was obtained that sig 2 tailed was 0.000 (p value) <0.05. And it is hoped that the next researchers will develop this research using other media