bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship betweenBaccharis dracunculifoliaDC. andB. microdontaDC. (Asteraceae) by Their Different Seasonal Volatile Expression
Authors: Minteguiaga Manuel , González Andrés , Catalán César A. N. , Dellacassa Eduardo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBaccharis dracunculifoliaDC. andBaccharis microdontaDC. (Asteraceae) are woody species morphologically similar growing in Uruguay, where not taxonomists people often confuse them in field conditions. As the essential oil ofB. dracunculifolia(‘vassoura’oil) is highly prized by the flavor and fragrance industry, the correct differentiation of the two species is a key factor in exploiting them profitably and reasonably. To differentiate bothBaccharisspecies, in this work their volatile expression profiles were studied as an alternative tool to determine authenticity and quality. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were monthly extracted during an entire year from aerial parts of wild populations by simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE), and studied by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS; identification) and conventional gas chromatography (GC‐FID; component abundances determination). Enantioselective gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Es‐GC/MS) was applied in the search of parameters able to ensure genuineness of each species extract. Qualitative VOCs profiles were found to be similar for both species, being β‐pinene, limonene, spathulenol, caryophyllene oxide, and viridiflorol the main components. However, the abundance of those VOCs were two to ten times higher inB. dracunculifoliathan inB. microdontaduring the year of study. TheseBaccharisspp. showed species‐specific patterns of VOCs expression according to the seasonality, and interestingly, oxygenated compounds (trans‐pinocarveol and myrtenal) increased their abundances at full‐flowering stages. The enantiomeric distribution of selected monoterpenes (α‐ and β‐pinenes, limonene, linalool, terpinen‐4‐ol, and α‐terpineol) presented differential values for bothBaccharisspp., meaning that Es‐GC might be a useful tool for differentiating chemically both species in Uruguay for genuineness determination purposes.
Process Parameters in the Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Ethylene
Authors: Sturman Michael , Oelgemöller Michael 
Published: May 2021

AbstractEthylene is one of the most widely used chemical compounds. It is readily transformed to a variety of useful products that can replace those derived from fossil sources. Further, the ability to produce ethylene from atmospheric carbon dioxide would significantly assist in the urgent need to stabilize, and ultimately to reduce, the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. This review covers the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide at copper‐based cathodes. The direct production of ethylene is the focus of the review, but it is also relevant to include the important ethylene precursor and intermediate in the carbon dioxide reduction reaction, carbon monoxide. Carbon monoxide can be reduced to ethylene on a copper cathode under similar conditions to carbon dioxide. Ethanol is another potential product of the reduction of carbon dioxide at a copper cathode. It can be readily dehydrated to ethylene, further enhancing the overall yield of ethylene. The aim of the review is to show that there are many interacting parameters that influence the effectiveness and efficiency of the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide at copper‐based cathodes.
Metabolic acidosis due to ingestion of lanthanum sulfates and chlorides in cetyl alcohol solution pool cleaner
Authors: Ivaturi Kaushik , Ferrey Antoney J. , Nguyen Lawrence , Tonthat Sam , Kohli Sanjivan , Torres Everado Arias , Kalantarzadeh Kamyar , Hanna Ramy 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCetyl Alcohol is a rare cause of acidosis if ingested in large quantities. Hyponatremia with overlapping anion gap and osmolal gap‐positive metabolic acidosis may appear to have iso‐osmolar serum. This is a case of an unusual toxic exposure.
Oxidation of threo‐9,10‐Dihydroxystearic Acid Mediated by Micrococcus luteus as a Key Step in the Conversion of Oleic Acid into Pelargonic and Azelaic Acids
Authors: Colombo Danilo , Brenna Elisabetta , Casali Beatrice , Ghezzi Maria Chiara , Parmeggiani Fabio , Tentori Francesca , Tessaro Davide , Boratyński Filip 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA sequential one‐pot chemoenzymatic procedure for the conversion of diol 1, easily obtained from oleic acid, into pelargonic and azelaic acids is herein described. The oxidation of diol 1 into a mixture of the corresponding regioisomeric hydroxyketones was promoted by an alcohol dehydrogenase from Micrococcus luteus, selected after an extensive screening of commercial enzyme kits and strain collections. The stereochemistry of the oxidation process of chiral diol 1 was also investigated. The hydroxyketones obtained by the biocatalyzed oxidation were submitted to further oxidative cleavage by a mild treatment with aqueous NaClO in a biphasic mixture, affording pelargonic and azelaic acids in high yield (76 and 71 %, respectively) with no need of column chromatography.
Controlling Light‐Induced Proton Transfer from the GFP Chromophore
Authors: Langeland Jeppe , Persen Natascha W. , Gruber Elisabeth , Kiefer Hjalte V. , Kabylda Adil M. , Bochenkova Anastasia V. , Andersen Lars H. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by the groups of Assoc. Prof. Anastasia V. Bochenkova (Lomonosov Moscow State University) and Prof. Lars H. Andersen (Aarhus University). The image shows the quantum nature of wavelength‐dependent excited‐state proton transfer in gas‐phase H‐bonded complexes of the GFP chromophore with an anionic proton acceptor. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/cphc.202100068.
Direct and Indirect Measurements of Sex Hormones in Rodents During Fear Conditioning
Authors: Florido Antonio , Perez‐Caballero Laura , Velasco Eric Raúl , Molina Patricia , Marin‐Blasco Ignacio , Andero Raül 
Published: May 2021

AbstractFear conditioning (FC) is a widely accepted tool for the assessment of learning and memory processes in rodents related to normal and dysregulated acquired fear. The study of sex differences in fear learning and memory is vast and currently increasing. Sex hormones have proven to be crucial for fear memory formation in males and females, and several methods have been developed to assess this hormonal state in rats and mice. Herein, we explain a routine FC and extinction protocol, together with the evaluation of sex hormonal state in male and female rodents. We explain three protocols for the evaluation of this hormonal state directly from blood samples extracted during the procedure or indirectly through histological verification of the estrous cycle for females or behavioral assessment of social hierarchies in males. Although females have typically been considered to present great variability in sex hormones, it is highlighted that sex hormone assessment in males is as variable as in females and equally important for fear memory formation. The readout of these protocols has had a great impact on different fields of fear learning and memory study and appears essential when studying FC. The proven interaction with drugs involved in the modulation of these processes makes sex hormone assessment during FC a valuable tool for the development of effective treatments for fear‐related disorders in men and women. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Fear conditioning and fear extinctionBasic Protocol 2: Blood collection for direct measurement of sex hormone levels in fear conditioningBasic Protocol 3: Indirect measurement of sex hormones in females during fear conditioningBasic Protocol 4: Assessment of dominance status in males before a fear conditioning protocolSupport Protocol: Construction of a confrontation tube
Generation and Biochemical Characterization of Phase‐Separated Droplets Formed by Nucleic Acid Binding Proteins: Using HP1 as a Model System
Authors: Sanulli Serena , Narlikar Geeta J. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractLiquid‐liquid phase separation (LLPS) has been invoked as an underlying mechanism involved in the formation and function of several cellular membrane‐less compartments. Given the explosion of studies in this field in recent years, it has become essential to converge on clear guidelines and methods to rigorously investigate LLPS and advance our understanding of this phenomenon. Here, we describe basic methods to (1) visualize droplets formed by nucleic acid binding proteins and (2) characterize the liquid‐like nature of these droplets under controlled in vitro experimental conditions. We discuss the rationale behind these methods, as well as caveats and limitations. Our ultimate goal is to guide scientists interested in learning how to test for LLPS, while appreciating that the field is evolving rapidly and adjusting constantly to the growing knowledge. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Observing phase‐separated condensates by microscopy.Support Protocol: Coating of glass‐bottom plates.Basic Protocol 2: Assessing condensate reversibility by changing ionic strength.Alternate Protocol 1: Assessing condensate reversibility by dilution.Alternate Protocol 2: Assessing condensate reversibility by altering temperature.Basic Protocol 3: Quantifying phase separation by centrifugation assay.Basic Protocol 4: Quantifying phase separation by turbidity assay
Comparative barrier membrane degradation over time: Pericardium versus dermal membranes
Authors: Bornert Fabien , Herber Valentin , Sandgren Rebecca , Witek Lukasz , Coelho Paulo G. , Pippenger Benjamin E. , Shahdad Shakeel 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe effectiveness of GBR procedures for the reconstruction of periodontal defects has been well documented. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the degradation kinetics and biocompatibility of two resorbable collagen membranes in conjunction with a bovine xenograft material.Materials and MethodsLower premolars and first molars were extracted from 18 male Yucatan minipigs. After 4 months of healing, standardized semi‐saddle defects were created (12 mm × 8 mm × 8 mm [l˙̇ × W˙ × d]), with 10 mm between adjacent defects. The defects were filled with a bovine xenograft and covered with a either the bilayer collagen membrane (control) or the porcine pericardium‐derived collagen membrane (test). Histological analysis was performed after 4, 8, and 12 weeks of healing and the amount of residual membrane evaluated. Non‐inferiority was calculated using the Brunner‐Langer mixed regression model.ResultsHistological analysis indicated the presence of residual membrane in both groups at all time points, with significant degradation noted in both groups at 12 weeks compared to 4 weeks (p = .017). No significant difference in ranked residual membrane scores between the control and test membranes was detected at any time point.ConclusionsThe pericardium‐derived membrane was shown to be statistically non‐inferior to the control membrane with respect to resorption kinetics and barrier function when utilized for guided bone regeneration in semi‐saddle defects in minipigs. Further evaluation is necessary in the clinical setting.
Optimal traffic routing in the network virtualization context
Authors: El Amri Achref , Meddeb Aref 
Published: May 2021

SummaryNetwork virtualization enables service providers to instantiate virtual networks on a common physical infrastructure. Virtual networks are then allocated to clients in order to deploy or test their services. Thus, clients do not know how their traffic is routed, which server is responding, and which path is crossed. Service providers who own the physical infrastructure aim to share the load among multiple servers for traffic routing. However, those who do not own the infrastructure and want to lease it essay to concentrate all the traffic on one server and exactly the closest server. In this paper, we model the problems of load sharing on multiple servers and traffic concentration on one server as two mathematical programs. The objective functions correspond to service providers' aims under a delay constraint based on the M/D/1/N queue's mean sojourn time's formula. Due to its hardness, we provide an approximation of the delay constraint at low and medium traffic intensities. The approximation is analytically proved by the Taylor series development at a chosen point. Finally, through simulation and analytical models, we compare the performance of programs' optimal solutions. We notice that load sharing decreases the packet loss and jitter values. However, traffic concentration reduces the latency.
The use of transgenics in the laboratory axolotl
Authors: Tilley Lydia , Papadopoulos Sofia‐Christina , Pende Marko , Fei Ji‐Feng , Murawala Prayag 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe ability to generate transgenic animals sparked a wave of research committed to implementing such technology in a wide variety of model organisms. Building a solid base of ubiquitous and tissue‐specific reporter lines has set the stage for later interrogations of individual cells or genetic elements. Compared to other widely used model organisms such as mice, zebrafish and fruit flies, there are only a few transgenic lines available in the laboratory axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum), although their number is steadily expanding. In this review, we discuss a brief history of the transgenic methodologies in axolotl and their advantages and disadvantages. Next, we discuss available transgenic lines and insights we have been able to glean from them. Finally, we list challenges when developing transgenic axolotl, and where further work is needed in order to improve their standing as both a developmental and regenerative model.
Heparin impairs skeletal muscle glucose uptake by inhibiting insulin binding to insulin receptor
Authors: Zhu Canjun , Xu Zhiyue , Yuan Yexian , Wang Tao , Xu Chang , Yin Cong , Xie Peipei , Xu Pingwen , Ye Hui , Patel Nirali , Schaul Sarah , Wang Lina , Zhu Xiaotong , Wang Songbo , Gao Ping , Xi Qianyun , Zhang Yongliang , Shu Gang , Jiang Qingyan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAimHeparin, a widely used antithrombotic drug has many other anticoagulant‐independent physiological functions. Here, we elucidate a novel role of heparin in glucose homeostasis, suggesting an approach for developing heparin‐targeted therapies for diabetes.MethodsFor serum heparin levels and correlation analysis, 122 volunteer’s plasma, DIO (4 weeks HFD) and db/db mice serums were collected and used for spectrophotometric determination. OGTT, ITT, 2‐NBDG uptake and muscle GLUT4 immunofluorescence were detected in chronic intraperitoneal injection of heparin or heparinase (16 days) and muscle‐specific loss‐of‐function mice. In 293T cells, the binding of insulin to its receptor was detected by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), Myc‐GLUT4‐mCherry plasmid was used in GLUT4 translocation. In vitro, C2C12 cells as mouse myoblast cells were further verified the effects of heparin on glucose homeostasis through 2‐NBDG uptake, Western blot and co‐immunoprecipitation.ResultsSerum concentrations of heparin are positively associated with blood glucose levels in humans and are significantly increased in diet‐induced and db/db obesity mouse models. Consistently, a chronic intraperitoneal injection of heparin results in hyperglycaemia, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. These effects are independent of heparin’s anticoagulant function and associated with decreases in glucose uptake and translocation of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) in skeletal muscle. By using a muscle‐specific loss‐of‐function mouse model, we further demonstrated that muscle GLUT4 is required for the detrimental effects of heparin on glucose homeostasis.ConclusionsHeparin reduced insulin binding to its receptor by interacting with insulin and inhibited insulin‐mediated activation of the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway in skeletal muscle, which leads to impaired glucose uptake and hyperglycaemia.
On testing for the equality of autocovariance in time series
Authors: Cirkovic Daniel , Fisher Thomas J. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe comparison of two time series often arises in climatology, environmental science, and econometrics. Through natural and physical circumstances these series are often dependent. We develop a hypothesis test for the equality of autocovariance functions for two linearly dependent multivariate time series. Previous tests for two independent series are reviewed and extended to the dependent case. A univariate bootstrapped statistic that automatically selects the order of the test is extended to the multivariate setting as well. The performance of the tests are compared through simulation and the methods are applied to univariate temperature and multivariate air quality series. Empirical results show that by accounting for the correlation between series substantial improvements in power can be made in the detection of differences in the autocovariance.
The psychometric network structure of mental health in eating disorder patients
Authors: de Vos Jan Alexander , Radstaak Mirjam , Bohlmeijer Ernst T. , Westerhof Gerben J. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectivePsychometric network analysis has led to new possibilities to assess the structure and dynamics of psychiatric disorders. The current study focuses on mental health networks in patients with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder and other specified eating disorders (EDs).MethodNetwork analyses were applied with five mental health domains (emotional, psychological and social well‐being, and general and specific psychopathology) among 905 ED patients. Also, networks of 36 underlying symptoms related to the domains were estimated. The network stability, structure and (bridge) centrality of the nodes were assessed for the total group and each ED type. Network differences between the ED types were also examined.ResultsED psychopathology was only weakly connected with the well‐being domains. Psychological well‐being was the most central node in the domain network. The most central nodes in the symptom network were feeling depressed, feeling worthless, purpose in life and self‐acceptance. Bridge symptoms between well‐being and psychopathology were self‐acceptance, environmental mastery, interested in life and feeling depressed. There were no network differences between the ED types in both the domain and symptom networks.ConclusionsThis study shows novel associations between well‐being and psychopathology in ED patients. Central domains and their underlying symptoms may be especially important to consider in treatment for promoting mental health in ED patients.
A mathematical model‐based approach for DC multi‐microgrid performance evaluations considering intermittent distributed energy resources, energy storage, multiple load classes, and system components variations
Authors: Anees Hafiz Muhammad , Kazmi Syed Ali Abbas , Naqvi Muhammad , Naqvi Salman Raza , Dastgeer Faizan , Gelani Hassan Erteza 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe efficiency of DC microgrid needs investigation from a smart grid perspective, since their spread has expected to prevail in comparison with AC counterparts. Furthermore, there is a need to address the limitations (majorly to cater the intermittency of distributed energy resources (DERs) as well as the time dependency of systematic parameters etc.) in previous model and propose a new mathematical model to evaluate system efficiency for given parameters and scenarios. The core focus of current study aims at formulation of an improved (composite) mathematical model, that is capable of bridging issues and serve as a tool to address requirements of future DC systems including microgrids (MGs) and multi‐microgrids (MMGs). This research work offers such a mathematical model that consists of 3D matrices based on newly derived set of discrete time dependent equations, which evaluates the system efficiency of residential DC‐MMGs. Each DC‐MG is embedded with intermittent DERs, storage, components (with efficiency variations), and multi‐class load (with discrete time dependency), for evaluation across worst, normal, and best scenarios. A comprehensive sensitivity analysis across various cases and respective scenarios are also presented to evaluate overall system performance. Also, the impacts of system parameters on various system variables, states, and overall system efficiency have presented in this paper.
Valorization of pineapple peel and poultry manure for clean energy generation
Authors: Dahunsi Samuel O. , Ogunwole Joshua O. , Owoseni Abimbola A. , Olutona Godwin O. , Nejo Yewande T. , Atobatele Oluwatosin E. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe quest for renewable energy generation is fast increasing globally due to environmental degradation by fossil fuels. The energy production from the anaerobic codigestion of pineapple peels (PPs) and poultry manure (PM) was assessed in the present study. Prior to digestion, the PPs were pretreated using a strong acid (sulfuric acid) and a low‐cost mild alkali hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) which was prepared via the adjustment of the pH of H2O2 to 11.5 by adding solution of 5 M NaOH. The physicochemical and structural parameters of the biomass, as well as microbial composition, were evaluated by using standard methodologies, while all structural changes to the biomass after pretreatment were determined using the Fourier transform infrared spectra. The application of alkaline H2O2 pretreatment removed 71.34% of lignin, reduced hemicellulose by 61%, but increased the cellulose content by 39%. The alkaline pretreated pineapple peel (Al‐P PP) was able to produce about 91% more biogas than the acid pretreated pineapple peel (Ac‐P PP) and 36% more than the two untreated biomass samples. The results of the economic assessment of pretreatment also showed that investment into the use of H2O2 for pretreatment is economically feasible with high net thermal and electrical energy gain, while that of acid pretreatment results in loses. Therefore, alkaline pretreatment application to PPs prior to digestion is hereby solicited in the biotechnological conversion of PPs/wastes for biogas and quality digestate which can be used as biofertilizers or soil enhancers especially in those regions where pineapple production is enormous.