bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal post-traumatic stress and depression symptoms and outcomes after NICU discharge in a low-income sample: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Gateau Kameelah , Song Ashley , Vanderbilt Douglas L. , Gong Cynthia , Friedlich Philippe , Kipke Michele , Lakshmanan Ashwini 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundHaving a preterm newborn and the experience of staying in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) has the potential to impact a mother’s mental health and overall quality of life. However, currently there are few studies that have examined the association of acute post-traumatic stress (PTS) and depression symptoms and infant and maternal outcomes in low-income populations.Design/ methodsIn a cross-sectional study, we examined adjusted associations between positive screens for PTS and depression using the Perinatal Post-traumatic stress Questionnaire (PPQ) and the Patient Health-Questionnaire 2 (PHQ-2) with outcomes using unconditional logistic and linear regression models.ResultsOne hundred sixty-nine parents answered the questionnaire with 150 complete responses. The majority of our sample was Hispanic (68%), non-English speaking (67%) and reported an annual income of <$20,000 (58%). 33% of the participants had a positive PPQ screen and 34% a positive PHQ-2 screen. After adjusting for confounders, we identified that a positive PHQ-2 depression score was associated with a negative unit (95% CI) change on the infant’s Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, second edition of − 9.08 (− 15.6, − 2.6) (p < 0.01). There were no significant associations between maternal stress and depression scores and infant Bayley Scales of Infant Development III scores or re-hospitalizations or emergency room visits. However, positive PPQ and screening score were associated with a negative unit (95% CI) unit change on the maternal Multicultural Quality of Life Index score of − 8.1 (− 12, − 3.9)(p < 0.01) and − 7.7 (− 12, − 3) (p = 0.01) respectively.ConclusionsMore than one-third of the mothers in this sample screened positively for PTS and depression symptoms. Screening scores positive for stress and depression symptoms were associated with a negative change in some infant development scores and maternal quality of life scores. Thoughtful screening programs for maternal stress and depression symptoms should be instituted.
Mental health problems and social supports in the COVID-19 healthcare workers: a Chinese explanatory study
Authors: Fang Xue-Hui , Wu Li , Lu Lun-Shan , Kan Xiao-Hong , Wang Hua , Xiong Yan-Jun , Ma Dong-Chun , Wu Guo-Cui 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly in China and other overseas areas, which has aroused widespread concern. The sharp increase in the number of patients has led to great psychological pressure on health care workers. The purpose of this study was to understand their mental health status and needs, so as to provide a scientific basis for alleviating the psychological pressure of health care workers.

Methods
Using a cross-sectional study design, 540 health care workers were randomly selected from two designated tuberculosis medical institutions in Anhui Province. The basic situation, perceived social support, depression level, loneliness and COVID-19 related knowledge were collected and analyzed by questionnaire.

Results
A total of 511 valid questionnaires were finally retrieved. There were 139 people in epidemic prevention and control positions (27.20%). Depression level: People in isolation ward, fever clinic and pre-check triage were at the level of mild to moderate depression. Female was higher than male; nurse was higher than doctor; middle and junior job titles were higher than senior titles; junior college degree or below were higher than bachelor’s degree, master’s degree and above; isolation ward, fever clinic and pre-check triage were significantly higher than those of non-prevention and control positions (p < 0.05). Loneliness scores: Doctors were higher than that of medical technicians, and isolation ward, fever clinic and pre-check triage were higher than those of other medical departments (p < 0.05). Social support: Doctors were lower than that of medical technicians, and isolation ward, fever clinic and pre-check triage were significantly lower than those of other departments (p < 0.05). The score of social support was negatively correlated with depression and loneliness (p < 0.001), while depression was positively correlated with loneliness (p < 0.001). Health care workers most want to receive one-to-one psychological counseling (29.75%), and provide crisis management (24.07%). The awareness rate of health care workers on COVID-19’s knowledge was relatively high.

Conclusions
The psychological problems of health care workers, especially women, nurses with low educational background, low professional title, and staff in the epidemic prevention and control positions are relatively serious.
The spread of COVID-19 outbreak in the first 120 days: a comparison between Nigeria and seven other countries
Authors: Adebowale Ayo Stephen , Fagbamigbe Adeniyi F. , Akinyemi Joshua O. , Obisesan Olalekan K. , Awosanya Emmanuel J. , Afolabi Rotimi F. , Alarape Selim A. , Obabiyi Sunday O. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
COVID-19 is an emerging public health emergency of international concern. The trajectory of the global spread is worrisome, particularly in heavily populated countries such as Nigeria. The study objective was to assess and compare the pattern of COVID-19 spread in Nigeria and seven other countries during the first 120 days of the outbreak.

Methods
Data was extracted from the World Bank’s website. A descriptive analysis was conducted as well as modelling of COVID-19 spread from day one through day 120 in Nigeria and seven other countries. Model fitting was conducted using linear, quadratic, cubic and exponential regression methods (α=0.05).

Results
The COVID-19 spread pattern in Nigeria was similar to the patterns in Egypt, Ghana and Cameroun. The daily death distribution in Nigeria was similar to those of six out of the seven countries considered. There was an increasing trend in the daily COVID-19 confirmed cases in Nigeria. During the lockdown, the growth rate in Nigeria was 5.85 (R2=0.728, p< 0.001); however, it was 8.42 (R2=0.625, p< 0.001) after the lockdown was relaxed. The cubic polynomial model (CPM) provided the best fit for predicting COVID-19 cumulative cases across all the countries investigated and there was a clear deviation from the exponential growth model. Using the CPM, the predicted number of cases in Nigeria at 3-month (30 September 2020) was 155,467 (95% CI:151,111-159,824, p< 0.001), all things being equal.

Conclusions
Improvement in COVID-19 control measures and strict compliance with the COVID-19 recommended protocols are essential. A contingency plan is needed to provide care for the active cases in case the predicted target is attained.
Body image perception, smoking, alcohol use, indoor tanning, and disordered eating in young and middle-aged adults: findings from a large population-based Swedish study
Authors: Strand Mattias , Fredlund Peeter , Boldemann Cecilia , Lager Anton 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundBody image concerns may give rise to a multitude of risk behaviors, such as unhealthy weight control practices, disordered eating behaviors (e.g., compensatory purging or preoccupation with food), smoking, excessive alcohol intake, or sunbed use. However, the distribution of these risk behaviors across adulthood has rarely been studied.MethodsThe aim of this study was to explore health risk behaviors as correlates of body image perception in a randomly selected study population of 30,245 individuals aged 30–66 in Stockholm, Sweden, utilizing data from the Stockholm Public Health Cohort. Bivariate correlations were explored and a hierarchic binary logistic regression analysis was performed.ResultsThe prevalence of body image discrepancy was higher among smokers and respondents displaying disordered eating behaviors. In contrast, alcohol and sunbed use were inversely correlated to body image discrepancy. Body mass index was the substantially strongest explanatory factor behind the observed variance in body image discrepancy, followed by loss-of-control eating. Notably, no major gender differences in body image perception were detected. Some unexpected patterns of association between variables other than body image perception, such as those between smoking, alcohol use, and sunbed use, were seen.ConclusionsOverall, the patterns differ substantially from what has previously been found in adolescent and young adult samples, indicating that the synergy and aggregation of risk behaviors observed among younger individuals may not apply to adults aged 30–66.
Physical activity in an air-polluted environment: behavioral, psychological and neuroimaging protocol for a prospective cohort study (Healthy Aging in Industrial Environment study – Program 4)
Authors: Elavsky S. , Jandačková V. , Knapová L. , Vašendová V. , Sebera M. , Kaštovská B. , Blaschová D. , Kühnová J. , Cimler R. , Vilímek D. , Bosek T. , Koenig J. , Jandačka D. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundAir pollution has been linked to increased mortality and morbidity. The Program 4 of the Healthy Aging in Industrial Environment study investigates whether the health and wellbeing benefits of physical activity (PA) can be fully realized in individuals living in highly polluted environments. Herein, we introduce the behavioral, psychological and neuroimaging protocol of the study.MethodsThis is a prospective cohort study ofN = 1500 individuals aged 18–65 years comparing: (1) individuals living in the highly polluted, industrial region surrounding the city of Ostrava (n = 750), and (2) controls from the comparison region with relative low pollution levels in Southern Bohemia (n = 750). Quota sampling is used to obtain samples balanced on age, gender, PA status (60% active runners vs. 40% insufficiently active). Participants are screened and complete baseline assessments through online questionnaires and in-person lab-based assessments of physiological, biomechanical, neuroimaging and cognitive function parameters. Prospective 12-month intensive monitoring of air pollution and behavioral parameters (PA, inactivity, and sleep) follows, with a focus on PA-related injuries and psychological factors through fitness trackers, smartphones, and mobile apps. Subsequently, there will be a 5-year follow-up of the study cohort.DiscussionThe design of the study will allow for (1) the assessment of both short-term variation and long-term change in behavioral parameters, (2) evaluation of the incidence of musculoskeletal injuries and psychological factors impacting behavior and injury recovery, and (3) the impact that air pollution status (and change) has on behavior, psychological resilience, and injury recovery. Furthermore, the integration of MRI techniques and cognitive assessment in combination with data on behavioral, biological and environmental variables will provide an opportunity to examine brain structure and cognitive function in relation to health behavior and air pollution, as well as other factors affecting resilience against and vulnerability to adverse changes in brain structure and cognitive aging. This study will help inform individuals about personal risk factors and decision-makers about the impact of environmental factors on negative health outcomes and potential underlying biological, behavioral and psychological mechanisms. Challenges and opportunities stemming from the timing of the study that coincided with the COVID-19 pandemic are also discussed.
Salbutamol-induced lactic acidosis in status asthmaticus survivor
Authors: Phoophiboon Vorakamol , Singhagowinta Parima , Boonkaya Sangdao , Sriprasart Thitiwat 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundSalbutamol-induced lactic acidosis is a rare presentation that could manifest in specific clinical context as acute asthmatic attack treatment. An increase of glycolysis pathway leading to pyruvate escalation is the mechanism of hyperlactatemia in β2-adrenergic agonist drug.Case presentationA 40-year-old man who had poor-controlled asthma, presented with progressive dyspnea with coryza symptom for 6 days. He was intubated and admitted into medical intensive care unit due to deteriorated respiratory symptom. Severe asthmatic attack was diagnosed and approximate 1.5 canisters of salbutamol inhaler was administrated within 24 h of admission. Initial severe acidosis consisted of acute respiratory acidosis from ventilation-perfusion mismatch and acute metabolic acidosis resulting from bronchospasm and hypoxia-related lactic acidosis, respectively. The lactate level was normalized in 6 h after hypoxemia and ventilation correction. Given the lactate level re-elevated into a peak of 4.6 mmol/L without signs of tissue hypoxia nor other possible etiologies, the salbutamol toxicity was suspected and the inhaler was discontinued that contributed to rapid lactate clearance. The patient was safely discharged on the 6th day of admission.ConclusionThe re-elevation of serum lactate in status asthmaticus patient who had been administrated with the vast amount of β2-adrenergic agonist should be considered for salbutamol-induced lactic acidosis and promptly discontinued especially when there were no common potentials.
Comparison of three treatment methods for simple bone cyst in children
Authors: Zhang Ke-Xue , Chai Wei , Zhao Jia-Jia , Deng Jun-Hao , Peng Zhan , Chen Ji-Ying 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
The unicameral bone cyst (UBC) is a kind of benign tumor whose clinical treatments and efficacy are controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the elastic stable intramedullary nail (ESIN), the injection of autologous bone marrow (ABM), and the combination of ESIN and ABM in the treatment of bone cyst in children.

Methods
Eighty-three cases with simple bone cyst were analyzed retrospectively. Twenty-eight cases were treated with ABM. Twenty-eight cases were treated with ESIN. Twenty-seven cases were treated with ABM and ESIN. All cases were diagnosed through X-ray, CT, or MRI scans. For the suspicious ones, the pathological biopsy was performed for an accurate diagnosis. X-ray examinations were carried out for the postoperative follow-up. Capanna criteria for bone cyst was used for postoperative evaluation of three methods.

Results
All cases accomplished the follow-up. The effective rate of the ABM + ESIN group was significantly higher than that of the ABM group (P < 0.05), and the cure rates of the ESIN group and the ABM + ESIN group were higher than that of the ABM group (P < 0.05, respectively). The cure time in the ESIN group was lower than that of the other two groups (P < 0.05, respectively). The times for admission were 2.0 ± 0.0 in the ESIN group, 5.7 ± 1.9 in the ABM group, and 4.7 ± 2.4 in the ABM + ESIN group (P < 0.05 when compared with each other).

Conclusions
The method of ABM combined with ESIN for children’s bone cyst has the highest effective rate and curative rate. For the individual method, ESIN has a higher effective rate and curative rate than that of ABM. Meanwhile, it has the fewest time of hospitalization.
A cluster-randomized trial of workplace ergonomics and neck-specific exercise versus ergonomics and health promotion for office workers to manage neck pain – a secondary outcome analysis
Authors: Johnston Venerina , Chen Xiaoqi , Welch Alyssa , Sjøgaard Gisela , Comans Tracy A. , McStea Megan , Straker Leon , Melloh Markus , Pereira Michelle , O’Leary Shaun 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Neck pain is prevalent among office workers. This study evaluated the impact of an ergonomic and exercise training (EET) intervention and an ergonomic and health promotion (EHP) intervention on neck pain intensity among the All Workers and a subgroup of Neck Pain cases at baseline.

Methods
A 12-month cluster-randomized trial was conducted in 14 public and private organisations. Office workers aged ≥18 years working ≥30 h per week (n = 740) received an individualised workstation ergonomic intervention, followed by 1:1 allocation to the EET group (neck-specific exercise training), or the EHP group (health promotion) for 12 weeks. Neck pain intensity (scale: 0–9) was recorded at baseline, 12 weeks, and 12 months. Participants with data at these three time points were included for analysis (n = 367). Intervention group differences were analysed using generalized estimating equation models on an intention-to-treat basis and adjusted for potential confounders. Subgroup analysis was performed on neck cases reporting pain ≥3 at baseline (n = 96).

Results
The EET group demonstrated significantly greater reductions in neck pain intensity at 12 weeks compared to the EHP group for All Workers (EET: β = − 0.53 points 95% CI: − 0.84– − 0.22 [36%] and EHP: β = − 0.17 points 95% CI: − 0.47–0.13 [10.5%], p-value = 0.02) and the Neck Cases (EET: β = − 2.32 points 95% CI: − 3.09– − 1.56 [53%] and EHP: β = − 1.75 points 95% CI: − 2.35– − 1.16 [36%], p = 0.04). Reductions in pain intensity were not maintained at 12 months with no between-group differences observed in All Workers (EET: β = − 0.18, 95% CI: − 0.53–0.16 and EHP: β = − 0.14 points 95% CI: − 0.49–0.21, p = 0.53) or Neck Cases, although in both groups an overall reduction was found (EET: β = − 1.61 points 95% CI: − 2.36– − 0.89 and EHP: β = − 1.9 points 95% CI: − 2.59– − 1.20, p = 0.26).

Conclusion
EET was more effective than EHP in reducing neck pain intensity in All Workers and Neck Cases immediately following the intervention period (12 weeks) but not at 12 months, with changes at 12 weeks reaching clinically meaningful thresholds for the Neck Cases. Findings suggest the need for continuation of exercise to maintain benefits in the longer term.

Clinical trial registration
hACTRN12612001154897 Date of Registration: 31/10/2012.
Proper positioning of mice for Cobb angle radiographic measurements
Authors: Chen Zhe Yi , Luk Keith Dip Kei , Song You Qiang , Gao Bo , Cheung Jason Pui Yin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
There is no recommended standard for positioning of a mouse for radiographic assessment of the spine. This is necessary to have reproducible radiographic data and avoid false positive results. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of various postures on Cobb angle measurements and to set up a positioning standard for imaging mouse spines.

Methods
This study was conducted in three parts. Firstly, we identified the problem of lack of posture standardization for radiographs. We collected 77 C57BL/6 J mice for spine radiographs and found a scoliosis prevalence of 28.6% with large variations in curve magnitude. Secondly, 24 C57BL/6 J mice underwent 4 consecutive weekly radiographs and observed high variations (relative standard deviation: 125.3%) between radiographs. Thirdly, we collected another 82 C57BL/6 J mice and designed 14 different postures that could take place during imaging. These postures were related to curling of the limbs, and head, pelvic and tail tilting.

Results
The results showed that head and pelvic tilting significantly affects the curve magnitude with effect size (Glass’s delta) over 1.50. Avoiding these incorrect positions during radiographs is warranted. The standard recommended posture for mouse imaging entails positioning the snout, interorbital space, neck and whole spine in one line, and with the limbs placed symmetrical to the trunk, whilst avoiding stretching the body of the mouse.

Conclusions
Our work exemplified the importance of standard protocol during imaging when using an animal model in the scoliosis study. We recommend utilizing this standard in studying various disorders of the spine to avoid technical causes for the appearance of a curve.
Characterization of bone metabolism in hungarian psoriatic arthritis patients: a case–control study
Authors: Pethő Zsófia , Kalina Edit , Pap Zoltán , Hodosi Katalin , Falcsik Rebeka , Balogh Ádám , Szekanecz Zoltán , Bhattoa Harjit Pal 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Skeletal manifestations are predominant in psoriatic arthritis (PsA). The aim of this cross-sectional, case-control study is the complex assessment of areal and volumetric bone mineral density (BMD), fracture risk, vitamin D status and bone turnover markers, and its association with disease-related variables.

Methods
Lumbar spine (L1-L4) and femoral neck (FN) areal, and distal radius (DR) volumetric BMD, 10-year probability of major and hip osteoporotic fracture as assessed by the fracture risk assessment (FRAX) tool, markers of bone metabolism and disease activity were assessed.

Results
Upon comparison of the disease and age- and sex-matched control groups, there was a statistically significant difference in FN areal (0.952 (0.607–1.292) g/cm2 vs. 1.016 (0.760–1.550) g/cm2; p = 0.001) and DR total volumetric (284.3 (138.9–470.3) mg/cm3 vs. 367.0 (287.0–412.0) mg/cm3; p < 0.001) BMD, 10 year probability for major osteoporotic (3.7% (0.7–32%) vs. 2.6% (0–17.5%); p = 0.003) and hip (0.4% (0–16%) vs. 0.05% (0–6.1%); p = 0.002) fracture and 25-hydroxyvitamin D status (47.5 (10–120) nmol/L vs. 64 (10–137; p < 0.001) nmol/L). As compared to areal assessment, volumetric BMD measurements identified a significantly higher number of patients with low bone mineral density (T-Score ≤ − 1.00) (34% vs. 88%, p < 0.001). Upon multiple linear regression analysis, disease activity score, as determined by DAS28 assessment, was an independent predictor of 10-year probability for major osteoporotic fracture (B (95%CI) = 1.351 (0.379–2.323); p = 0.007).

Conclusion
In the studied PsA cohort, disease activity was an independent predictor of 10-year probability for a major osteoporotic fracture, and complemented assessment of volumetric and areal BMD assured better efficacy at identifying those with low bone mineral density.
Oral health status of 12-year-old children in Lisu minority ethnic group in China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Chen Kitty Jieyi , Liu Juan , Xu Biao , Li Yuexiao , Li Yanhong , Zhang Shinan , Chu Chun Hung 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Lisu is an ethnic minority group and most of them are living in Yunnan, China. This study investigated the oral health status among 12-year-old Lisu children in Yunnan.

Method
This survey employed a multistage sampling method to recruit 12-year-old Lisu children. Two calibrated dentists performed the oral examinations in the primary schools. They examined dental caries, gingival bleeding and dental fluorosis using the diagnosis criteria recommended by the World Health Organization. A self-administrated questionnaire was distributed to the children to collect their sociodemographic background information and oral health-related behaviours. A chi-square test, the Mann–Whitney U test, zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) regression and multivariate logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.

Results
This survey invited 512 children, and 482 children (48% boys) participated in the study (response rate: 94%). Their caries prevalence was 35% and their caries experience in mean (SD) DMFT scores was 0.63 (0.10). The mean (SD) DT score was 0.60 (1.10), consisting 95% of the mean DMFT scores. No dental fluorosis was observed; whereas 426 children (88%) had gingival bleeding. Results of ZINB model indicated sex and sugary-snacking habits were related to the dental caries experience (p < 0.05). The gingival-bleeding prevalence was associated with the mother’s education level, the child’s monthly-pocket money and daily toothbrushing frequency (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Dental caries and gingival bleeding were prevalent among 12-year-old Lisu children in the Yunnan province in China, and most of the decayed teeth were unrestored. Dental fluorosis was not observed in the children.