bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modified aluminum (Al)-hematoxylin stain for detection of Al in sheep and cat tissues: an animal model for the study of Al-associated conditions
Authors: Pérez Estela , de Diego Alicia , Gómez Álex , Rodríguez-Largo Ana , Pérez Marta , Luján Lluís 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Aluminum (Al) has been an effective adjuvant in vaccines for nearly a century in animals and humans. Al can induce persistent granulomatous inflammatory responses characterized by macrophages with large granular, blue-gray cytoplasm sometimes with intracytoplasmic structures known as crystalloid bodies. These granulomas have been linked to proliferative and neoplastic conditions at injection sites in animal and humans. The detection of Al in tissue is crucial but current methods are time-intensive and require specialized training. This study highlights the efficacy of the modified Al-hematoxylin (MAH) technique in animals. Tissues from Al-induced lesions in sheep and cats were examined, along with non-aluminum granulomas as controls and MAH results were confirmed with lumogallion staining. In sheep, MAH positively stained granuloma macrophages, crystalloid bodies, necrotic regions and nearby connective tissue macrophages, while lymphoid aggregates present in granulomas were consistently negative. Macrophages loaded with Al and crystalloid bodies in lymph nodes were also MAH-positive, as were macrophages in contaminated injection sites following application of commercial Al-based vaccines. In cats with Feline Injection Site Sarcoma (FISS), MAH detected macrophage clusters around the tumor periphery and within the sarcoma. This cost-effective, rapid, and specific technique provides valuable insights for diagnosing Al-related conditions and could serve as an animal model for other species, including humans.
Wem nützen Beschwerdeverfahren an Schulen?
Authors: Haupt Selma , Jann Nina 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
Im Rahmen der explorativen Interviewstudie BaS (Beschwerdeverfahren an Schulen) wurde untersucht, welche Erfahrungen Lehrkräfte und Schulleitungen mit der Umsetzung von Beschwerdeverfahren an Schulen machen. Die Analyse des empirischen Materials zeigt, dass Beschwerdeverfahren im Kontext Schule in der Mehrheit der Fälle von der institutionellen Logik von Schule vereinnahmt werden und insbesondere der Durchsetzung schulischer Interessen dienen. Beschwerdeverfahren werden von den Befragten häufig weniger als Instrument interpretiert, das Kindern und Jugendlichen eine Stimme geben und zur Sicherung der Rechte von jungen Menschen beitragen soll. Der Beitrag diskutiert vor dem Hintergrund der Forschungsergebnisse, welche Schlussfolgerungen sich aus diesem Befund für die Wirkung der Stimme von Kindern und Jugendlichen im Kontext Schule ziehen lassen.
Ombudschaft in der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe
Authors: Urban-Stahl Ulrike , Fritsch Konstanze 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
Ombudschaftliche Beratung in der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe soll die strukturelle Machtasymmetrie der Helfer_innen-Klient_innen-Beziehung ausgleichen, junge Menschen und ihre Familien über ihre Rechte informieren und sie darin unterstützen, diese einzufordern. Zugleich setzt ombudschaftliche Beratung eine hohe fachliche Expertise voraus und ist selbst durch strukturelle Machtasymmetrie charakterisiert. Damit beinhaltet Ombudschaft gleichermaßen große Chancen, um jungen Menschen in der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe Gehör zu verschaffen – aber auch das Risiko den Machtüberhang zu nutzen und ohne ausreichende Partizipation stellvertretend für Ratsuchende zu handeln. Die bestehenden Asymmetrien müssen durch die Fachkräfte in Ombudsstellen gesehen, transparent verhandelt und aktiv ausgeglichen werden – durch verständliche Information, Aufklärung und Selbstbindung an die getroffenen Vereinbarungen. Im Beitrag werden die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen hierzu an einem Fallbeispiel verdeutlicht. Eine besondere Bedeutung erhält diese Auseinandersetzung auch vor dem Hintergrund der Ausweitung von Ombudsstellen nach § 9a SGB VIII und der Frage, wie in diesem Prozess der Anspruch von Ombudschaft zum verantwortungsvollen Umgang mit den gegebenen Strukturen aufrechterhalten werden kann und junge Menschen und ihre Familien Gehör finden können.
Composition of Late Hellenistic to Early Roman glass vessels from the Souk Excavations, Beirut
Authors: Freestone Ian C. , Brems Dieter , Degryse Patrick 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Sixty-six glass vessels from excavations in Beirut and dated first century B.C.E. to the first century C.E. have been analysed by electron microprobe. The majority are relatively high in Al2O3, CaO and P2O5, are weakly coloured, manganese-colourless, or yellow–brown-amber and on compositional grounds the glass material is considered to have originated in the Levant. Manganese oxide was added as a decolouriser and MnO contents are continuous between 0.02 and 2.0%. Limpid, weakly-coloured glass occurs over the whole MnO range, while most colourless glass has MnO above 0.7%, and all amber and olive glasses have MnO below 0.3%. There is a strong correlation between sulphur and soda concentrations in all the Levantine glass, but total sulphur is lowest in amber and olive, reflecting the reducing conditions required to form the ferri-sulphide chromophore and the lower solubility of the S2− ion as opposed to SO4
2−. Iron is also low in the amber glass relative to other colours, as some Fe was added with the manganese that they contain. Hence, amber glasses were produced at the primary stage from mixtures of natron and sand with no other additives apart from any organic reducing agents. In the second half of the first century C.E. slumped bowls in antimony-decolourised Egyptian glass become apparent, along with colourless cast vessels with mixed antimony-manganese compositions. Antimony is known to have been used as a decolouriser in earlier Hellenistic glass, but it does not appear in the present assemblage until this later introduction of Egyptian glass. The introduction of glass-blowing technology does not seem to have coincided with any significant change in composition.

Graphical abstract
The Fractional Powers of the Sub-Laplacian in Carnot Groups Through an Analytic Continuation
Authors: Corni Francesca , Ferrari Fausto 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper we construct the fractional powers of the sub-Laplacian in Carnot groups through an analytic continuation approach. In addition, we characterize the powers of the fractional sub-Laplacian in the Heisenberg group, and as a byproduct we compute the k-th order momenta with respect to the heat kernel.
Development of Biocompatible Scaffolds of Collagen Fibers from Tilapia Scales (Oreochromis niloticus) Modified with PVA
Authors: Martinez Angie Tatiana Toro , Zuluaga-Vélez Augusto , Sepúlveda-Arias Juan Carlos , Santa Juan Felipe , Buitrago-Sierra Robison 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Collagen is a biomaterial whose properties are influenced by its origin. The objective of this study is to extract, purify, and characterize collagen from fish residues (tilapia scales) and fabricate and characterize collagen-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibrous membranes using the electrospinning technique. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate–Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) were used to characterize the collagen and the membranes. The results showed that tilapia scales are an important source of natural collagen and recorded a final yield of 2.5% wt. In addition, the membranes showed excellent properties that make them suitable for use as scaffolds for various applications using a 50:50 wt. solution of collagen and PVA. The biological evaluation of electrospun scaffolds was done by a culture of Human Foreskin Fibroblasts (HFF-1) cells as an in vitro model, and alamarBlue™ assays were conducted to determine the growth and cytotoxicity. The results indicate that this biomaterial has promoted cell proliferation, and the scaffolds exhibited a favorable behavior for cell growth over time in laboratory tests. Therefore, collagen extracted from tilapia scales can be potentially applied in several applications related to tissue engineering, such as graft substitutes, cartilage repair, among others.

Graphical Abstract
Psychometric Properties of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire Short Version (FFMQ-SF) in the Colombian Population
Authors: Castañeda Diego F. , Bianchi Javier M. , Villalba-Garzón Javier A. , Ruiz Francisco J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
The Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) is one of the most widely used instruments for assessing mindfulness and was developed based on previously established mindfulness scales. This study aimed to estimate the psychometric properties of the 24-item version of the FFMQ in a Colombian sample.

Method
Psychometric analyses were performed in a sample of 582 Colombian adults, recruited through non-probabilistic convenience sampling, using classical test theory and the Rasch model. The internal structure was obtained with a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The FFMQ-SF scores were correlated with mindfulness, inflexibility, emotional symptomatology, behavioral activation, and environmental reward.

Results
The five-factor structure was confirmed to be invariant with respect to sex and meditation practice. Alpha and McDonald’s omega coefficients ranged from 0.68 for Non-reactivity to inner experience to 0.87 for Acting with awareness. The correlations with emotional symptomatology, mindfulness, and the transdiagnostic variables measured were of expected magnitude and direction. Twenty of the 24 items had good infit and outfit indices, and Items 10 and 13 presented DIF concerning sex.

Conclusions
Findings indicated that the FFMQ-SF exhibited robust psychometric properties for evaluating the five facets of mindfulness in a Colombian sample. Nevertheless, interpreting scores on the “observe” facet should be cautiously approached.

Preregistration
This study was not preregistered.
Enhancing the potential of children’s agency to achieve global sustainability
Authors: Elwell Tammy L. , Nahuelhual Laura , Silva Fernández Marta , Bianchini Julie A. , Gaines Steven D. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Despite progress toward sustainability, it remains uncertain how we as a global society will make transformations needed at scale. We argue that intentionally involving children in sustainability efforts may catalyze promising changes in how we approach human-environmental crises. This involvement, however, entails much more than the traditional focus on exposing children to environmental education or sustainability learning. Here, we present a pathway where children move through incremental yet fluid stages, from rich experiences in nature in early childhood, to reflective activities, leadership development, and formal opportunities in sustainability governance in later childhood and adolescence. Each stage requires overcoming distinct barriers that vary across and within countries: we identify and discuss these main barriers, and suggest potential ways the sustainability sciences community can help to reduce them. We offer this proposed pathway as a first step toward ensuring young people’s involvement, agency, and stewardship in achieving global sustainability.
Exploring a green Swedish model: Coinciding and contradictory interests on a just climate transformation in Sweden
Authors: Ergon Jens , Hildingsson Roger , Karlsson Mikael 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Climate policies are challenged around the world, a development coinciding with the backlash of globalisation. The emergence of the modern welfare state, however, indicates that similar tensions may give rise to transformative change, if coinciding interests for change develop. This article explores the case of Sweden, critical due to its longstanding role as an environmental frontrunner, now experiencing climate policy rollback. Based on 31 in-depth interviews, we analyse perceptions on a just transformation among business, trade union and civil society actors. The analysis reveals new and coinciding interests, driven by desire to restore climate leadership, and includes financial reform, more active state interventions and new policy tools to ensure public legitimacy. Views diverge on the depth of a just transformation, and power relations are different compared to the emergence of the welfare state. Nevertheless, a green Swedish model can be discerned, forging enhanced climate mitigation and renewed welfare state arrangements.
Textbook outcome following pancreaticoduodenectomy in elderly patients: age-stratified analysis and predictive factors
Authors: Mocchegiani F. , Benedetti Cacciaguerra A. , Wakabayashi T. , Valeriani F. , Vincenzi P. , Gaudenzi F. , Nicolini D. , Wakabayashi G. , Vivarelli M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Despite advancements in pancreatic surgery, managing elderly patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) remains challenging. Textbook Outcome (TO) serves as a benchmark for surgical success, but its relevance in elderly patients has not been well explored. This study aims to evaluate TO in elderly patients undergoing PD and identify predictors of TO failure. A retrospective analysis was conducted on elderly patients (≥ 70 years) who underwent PD between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2023 in two international HPB centers. TO achievement rates were assessed and stratified by age groups (70–74, 75–79, ≥ 80). Uni- and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for TO failure. Of 222 patients, 54.5% achieved TO after PD. TO rates decreased with age, with only 35.0% of octogenarians achieving TO, compared to 57.1% in those aged 70–74. Multivariate analysis revealed that age ≥ 80, an ASA score ≥ 2, and histopathologic types other than pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma or distal cholangiocarcinoma were significant risk factors for failing to achieve TO. Nearly half of elderly patients achieved TO, with a lower likelihood in older age groups, particularly among octogenarians. Higher ASA scores were also associated with lower TO achievement. These findings underscore the importance of a comprehensive preoperative assessment, considering age, to optimize surgical outcomes in elderly patients undergoing PD.
RSV is the main cause of severe respiratory infections in infants and young children in Germany - data from the prospective, multicenter PAPI study 2021–2023
Authors: Wetzke Martin , Lange Matthias , Koerner-Rettberg Cordula , Kiefer Alexander , Kabesch Michael , Armbrust Sven , Abdelkhalek Kerim , Lex Christiane , Hufnagel Markus , Bode Sebastian , Dördelmann Michael , Lorenz Michael , Arens Stefan , Panning Markus , Köster Holger , Kramer Rolf , Bangert Mathieu , Eberhardt Frank , Barten-Neiner Grit , Happle Christine 
Published: February 2025

Summary

Background
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the main causes of morbidity in infants and young children worldwide. Current data on RSV-associated disease burden in Germany before the introduction of new immunization strategies is lacking.

Methods
The PAPI study is a multicenter, prospective surveillance study of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in children aged ≤ 24 months in Germany.

Results
Data from 1607 children with LRTI hospitalized in twelve German hospitals between September 2021 and May 2023 were analyzed. Among these children, RSV was the most frequently detected pathogen (57.1%), followed by rhino/entero-, metapneumo- and parainfluenza virus. Children with RSV were significantly younger than those with LRTI of other causes (mean of 5.6 ± SD 6.1 vs. mean of 10.1 ± SD 7.3 months, p < 0.001) and more frequently affected in their first six months of life. RSV positive children were significantly more likely to develop hypoxemia (61.9% vs. 44.3%, p < 0.001) and need for intravenous or enteral fluid supplementation (48.1% vs. 43.1%, p = 0.009; 13.2% vs. 5.9%, p < 0.001) than those without RSV.

Conclusion
RSV is the dominant pathogen for LRTI-associated hospitalizations in children ≤ 24 months in Germany and associated with a particularly high need for treatment. The ongoing implemented use of RSV immunization according to current recommendations could lead to significant reduction in early childhood morbidity in Germany.
Building a pan-European network to bridge gaps in geriatric medicine education: the PROGRAMMING COST Action 21,122—a call for endorsement
Authors: Duque Sofia , Piotrowicz Karolina , Masud Tahir , Wissendorff Ekdahl Anne , Herghelegiu Anna Marie , Pavic Tajana , Kravvariti Evrydiki , Bogdanović Nenad , Bonin-Guillaume Sylvie , Martínez Velilla Nicolas , Roller Wirnsberger Regina , Vassallo Michael , Kossioni Anastassia , Frost Rachael , Macijauskiene Jurate , Koca Meltem , Benetos Athanase , Petrovic Mirko , Kotsani Marina 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The growing challenges of population aging create a pressing need for specialized geriatric medicine services to effectively address the complex health needs of older adults and influence supportive healthcare policies. Older patients may present clinical complexity with multimorbidity, disability, and/or frailty, necessitating a shift from the traditional organ-oriented clinical approach to a holistic, patient-centered care model.

Rationale of the action
Despite recommendations from the World Health Organization and scientific and professional societies, geriatric medicine is not universally recognized as a distinct specialty in Europe, and education in this field remains heterogeneous. A notable discrepancy in the availability of geriatric services and education in this field across European countries can be found. Many healthcare professionals lack basic training in geriatric medicine, contributing to fragmented care and poorer health outcomes. To address these challenges, it is essential to integrate geriatric medicine into undergraduate and postgraduate curricula for all healthcare professionals.

Expected outcomes
The COST Action 21,122 PROGRAMMING (PROmoting GeRiAtric Medicine in countries where it is still eMergING) initiative aims to promote geriatric medicine by developing targeted educational goals and programs and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration. This initiative aims to assess the current state of geriatric medicine education and identify both global and local educational needs for developing clinical skills among healthcare professionals. In addition, it seeks to establish consensus on core curricula tailored to local contexts and disseminate findings and recommendations to stakeholders, policymakers, and the public. By uniting diverse stakeholders, PROGRAMMING aspires to create sustainable changes in geriatric care across Europe.

Graphical abstract
Size-Dependent Dynamics of Perforated and Short-Fiber-Reinforced Nanowires Based on Non-local Modified Couple Stress Theory
Authors: Akpınar Murat , Uzun Büşra , Yaylı Mustafa Özgür 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
This article aims to presented the size-dependent free vibration response of short-fiber-reinforced and perforated nanowires restrained with deformable springs at both ends, taking into account non-local modified couple stress theory.

Methods
This study is conducted using Euler-Bernoulli beam theory and non-local modified couple stress theory. Hamilton's principle is used to derive the equations of motion of short-fiber reinforced and perforated nanowires. An analytical method based on a Fourier sine series and Stokes' transform is adopted to solve the free vibration problem.

Results
A number analyses are carried out to examine the effects of the material length scale parameter, short fiber properties, perforation properties and deformable boundaries on the free vibration of the nanowires.

Conclusion
According to the analysis results, it is determined for SFR nanowires that increases in the Ef/Em ratio and l/d ratio increase the frequencies, while increases in the ρf/ρm ratio decrease the frequencies. Similarly, for perforated nanowires, increment in filling ratio increases the frequencies while increment in number of holes decreases the frequencies. In addition, the non-local parameter and material length scale parameter decreases and increases of both short-fiber-reinforced nanowire's and perforated nanowire's frequecies, respectively.
Ample Groupoids, Topological Full groups, Algebraic K-theory Spectra and Infinite Loop Spaces
Authors: Li Xin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Inspired by work of Szymik and Wahl on the homology of Higman–Thompson groups, we establish a general connection between ample groupoids, topological full groups, algebraic K-theory spectra and infinite loop spaces, based on the construction of small permutative categories of compact open bisections. This allows us to analyse homological invariants of topological full groups in terms of homology for ample groupoids.
Applications include complete rational computations, general vanishing and acyclicity results for group homology of topological full groups as well as a proof of Matui’s AH-conjecture for all minimal, ample groupoids with comparison.
Clinical outcomes and hospital-reported cost associated with surgical site infections and the co-occurrence of hospital-onset bacteremia and fungemia across US hospitals
Authors: Ai ChinEn , Jung Molly , Bastow Samantha , Adjaoute Ghislene , Bostick David , Yu Kalvin C. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective:
To evaluate the hospital-reported cost of care, clinical burden, and incidence of hospital-onset bacteremia and fungemia (HOB) for hospital admissions with surgical site infections (SSI).

Methods:
A cross-sectional study of 38 acute-care hospital admissions with a procedure under the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) surveillance for SSI was conducted. SSI admissions were identified through NHSN reporting by the hospital. Clinical outcomes were estimated for SSI compared to no SSI controls using propensity matching and multivariable adjusted models that controlled for patient and hospital demographics; these endpoints were also compared for SSI admissions with and without HOB co-occurrence.

Results:
The rate of hospital-reported SSI was 0.15 per 100 admissions with a procedure under surveillance for SSI. Admissions with SSI compared to no SSI had significantly higher incremental hospital-reported cost of $30,689 and length of stay (LOS) was 11.6 days higher. The incidence of HOB was 6-fold higher in admissions with SSI compared to no SSI. For SSI admissions with HOB vs. no HOB, HOB added $28,049 to cost of care and 6.5 days to the LOS.

Conclusions:
Hospital-reported SSIs were associated with higher clinical and economic burden. Patients with SSI and HOB had even more deleterious outcomes. These data may inform programs to augment infection prevention bundles targeting SSIs and downstream complications or comorbidities like HOB.