bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between shift work and possible obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Chen-Cheng , Lee Kuo-Wei , Watanabe Kazuhiro , Kawakami Norito 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Shift work is a workschedule, since industrial era and some employees work in shift. It causes a desynchronization of the biological clock with consequences on sleep amount and quality, such as insomnia and easy fatigue. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is one of the sleep problems that are getting more and more attention, but studies on the association between shift work and OSA were rare. Herein, we aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the association between shift work and possible OSA.

Methods
This study was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We queried PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases using a related set of keywords. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) participants were adult employees hired by a company or organization; (2) exposure was shift work; and (3) outcome was possible OSA according to examination or assessment.

Results
We included six studies in the systematic review and five studies were selected for further meta-analysis. A random-effects model showed an association of shift work with a small, non-significant increase in possible OSA cases (pooled prevalence relative risk = 1.05; 95% CI 0.85–1.30; p = 0.65). This association occurred in both healthcare and non-healthcare workers group.

Conclusion
The association between shift work and possible OSA remains inconclusive and could be small if not negligible. Future studies should assess the association between specific work schedules and specific OSA definitions.

Trial registration number
PROSPERO ID: CRD42020156837
Muscular HSP70 content is higher in elderly compared to young, but is normalized after 12 weeks of strength training
Authors: Cumming K. T. , Kvamme N. H. , Schaad L. , Ugelstad I. , Raastad T. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Aging is associated with increased myocellular stress and loss of muscle mass and function. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are upregulated during periods of stress as part of the cells protective system. Exercise can affect both acute HSP regulation and when repeated regularly counteract unhealthy age-related changes in the muscle. Few studies have investigated effects of exercise on HSP content in elderly. The aim of the study was to compare muscular HSP levels in young and elderly and to investigate how training affects HSP content in muscles from aged males and females.

Methods
Thirty-eight elderly were randomized to 12 weeks of strength training (STG), functional strength training (FTG) or a control group (C). To compare elderly to young, 13 untrained young performed 11 weeks of strength training (Y). Muscle biopsies were collected before and after the intervention and analyzed for HSP27, αB-crystallin and HSP70.

Results
Baseline HSP70 were 35% higher in elderly than in young, whereas there were no differences between young and elderly in HSP27 or αB-crystallin. After the training intervention, HSP70 were reduced in STG (− 33 ± 32%; P = 0.001) and FTG (− 28 ± 30%; P = 0.012). The decrease in HSP70 was more pronounced in the oldest. In contrast, Y increased HSP27 (134 ± 1%; P < 0.001) and αB-crystallin (84 ± 94%; P = 0.008).

Conclusion
Twelve weeks of STG or FTG decreased the initial high levels of HSP70 in aged muscles. Thus, regular strength training can normalize some of the increases in cellular stress associated with normal aging, and lead to a healthier cellular environment in aged muscle cells.
The contributions of working memory domains and processes to early mathematical knowledge between preschool and first grade
Authors: De Vita Chiara , Costa Hiwet Mariam , Tomasetto Carlo , Passolunghi Maria Chiara 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWorking Memory (WM) plays a crucial role in supporting children’s mathematical learning. However, there is no consensus on the relative contributions of different WM domains (i.e., verbal, visuo-spatial, and numerical–verbal) and processes (i.e., low-control and high-control) to mathematical performance, specifically before and after the onset of formal education. This cross-sectional study examined the relations between WM domains and processes and early mathematical knowledge, comparing a group of children in the second year of preschool (N = 66) to a group of first graders (N = 110). Results of multigroup path analysis showed that whereas visuo-spatial low-control WM significantly predicted early mathematical knowledge only among preschoolers, verbal low-control WM was a significant predictor only among first graders. Instead, the contribution of visuo-spatial high-control WM emerged as significant for both age groups, as well as that of numerical–verbal WM, although the latter to a greater extent among preschoolers. These findings provide new insights into the WM domains and processes most involved in early mathematical knowledge at different developmental stages, with potential implications for the implementation of age-appropriate training interventions targeting specific WM skills before and after the onset of formal education.
Assessment of individual molecular response in chronic myeloid leukemia patients with atypical BCR-ABL1 fusion transcripts: recommendations by the EUTOS cooperative network
Authors: Schäfer Vivien , White Helen E. , Gerrard Gareth , Möbius Susanne , Saussele Susanne , Franke Georg-Nikolaus , Mahon François-X. , Talmaci Rodica , Colomer Dolors , Soverini Simona , Machova Polakova Katerina , Cross Nicholas C. P. , Hochhaus Andreas , Ernst Thomas 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Approximately 1–2% of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients harbor atypical BCR-ABL1 transcripts that cannot be monitored by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) using standard methodologies. Within the European Treatment and Outcome Study (EUTOS) for CML we established and validated robust RT-qPCR methods for these patients.

Methods
BCR-ABL1 transcripts were amplified and sequenced to characterize the underlying fusion. Residual disease monitoring was carried out by RT-qPCR with specific primers and probes using serial dilutions of appropriate BCR-ABL1 and GUSB plasmid DNA calibrators. Results were expressed as log reduction of the BCR-ABL1/GUSB ratio relative to the patient-specific baseline value and evaluated as an individual molecular response (IMR).

Results
In total, 330 blood samples (2–34 per patient, median 8) from 33 CML patients (19 male, median age 62 years) were analyzed. Patients expressed seven different atypical BCR-ABL1 transcripts (e1a2, n = 6; e6a2, n = 1; e8a2, n = 2; e13a3, n = 4; e14a3, n = 6; e13a3/e14a3, n = 2; e19a2, n = 12). Most patients (61%) responded well to TKI therapy and achieved an IMR of at least one log reduction 3 months after diagnosis. Four patients relapsed with a significant increase of BCR-ABL1/GUSB ratios.

Conclusions
Characterization of atypical BCR-ABL1 transcripts is essential for adequate patient monitoring and to avoid false-negative results. The results cannot be expressed on the International Scale (IS) and thus the common molecular milestones and guidelines for treatment are difficult to apply. We, therefore, suggest reporting IMR levels in these cases as a time-dependent log reduction of BCR-ABL1 transcript levels compared to baseline prior to therapy.
A knockout mutation associated with juvenile paroxysmal dyskinesia in Markiesje dogs indicates SOD1 pleiotropy
Authors: Mandigers P. J. J. , Van Steenbeek F. G. , Bergmann W. , Vos-Loohuis M. , Leegwater P. A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA juvenile form of paroxysmal dyskinesia segregated in the Markiesje dog breed. Affected pups exhibited clinical signs of a severe tetraparesis, dystonia, cramping and falling over when trying to walk. In most cases, the presentation deteriorated within weeks and elective euthanasia was performed. Pedigree analysis indicated autosomal recessive inheritance. Genome-wide association and homozygosity mapping of 5 affected dogs from 3 litters identified the associated locus on chromosome 31 in the region of SOD1. The DNA sequence analysis of SOD1 showed that the patients were homozygous for a frameshift mutation in the fourth codon. None of the other analyzed dogs of the breed was homozygous for the mutation, indicating full penetrance of the genetic defect. Mutations in SOD1 are known to cause recessive degenerative myelopathy in middle-aged dogs with low penetrance and dominant amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in humans with variable age of onset. Our findings are similar to recent observations in human patients that a loss of function mutation in SOD1 leads to a juvenile neurologic disease distinct from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
The wind of change in the management of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in childhood
Authors: Gimpel Charlotte , Bergmann Carsten , Mekahli Djalila 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSignificant progress has been made in understanding the genetic basis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), quantifying disease manifestations in children, exploring very-early onset ADPKD as well as pharmacological delay of disease progression in adults. At least 20% of children with ADPKD have relevant, yet mainly asymptomatic disease manifestations such as hypertension or proteinuria (in line with findings in adults with ADPKD, where hypertension and cardiovascular damage precede decline in kidney function). We propose an algorithm for work-up and management based on current recommendations that integrates the need to screen regularly for hypertension and proteinuria in offspring of affected parents with different options regarding diagnostic testing, which need to be discussed with the family with regard to ethical and practical aspects. Indications and scope of genetic testing are discussed. Pharmacological management includes renin-angiotensin system blockade as first-line therapy for hypertension and proteinuria. The vasopressin receptor antagonist tolvaptan is licensed for delaying disease progression in adults with ADPKD who are likely to experience kidney failure. A clinical trial in children is currently ongoing; however, valid prediction models to identify children likely to suffer kidney failure are lacking. Non-pharmacological interventions in this population also deserve further study.
Tracing the SW border of the Svecofennian Domain in the Baltic Sea region: evidence from petrology and geochronology from a granodioritic migmatite
Authors: Salin Evgenia , Woodard Jeremy , Sundblad Krister 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGeological investigations of a part of the crystalline basement in the Baltic Sea have been performed on a drill core collected from the depth of 1092–1093 m beneath the Phanerozoic sedimentary cover offshore the Latvian/Lithuanian border. The sample was analyzed for geochemistry and dated with the SIMS U–Pb zircon method. Inherited zircon cores from this migmatized granodioritic orthogneiss have an age of 1854 ± 15 Ma. Its chemical composition and age are correlated with the oldest generation of granitoids of the Transscandinavian Igneous Belt (TIB), which occur along the southwestern margin of the Svecofennian Domain in the Fennoscandian Shield and beneath the Phanerozoic sedimentary cover on southern Gotland and in northwestern Lithuania. It is suggested that the southwestern border of the Svecofennian Domain is located at a short distance to the SW of the investigated drill site. The majority of the zircon population shows that migmatization occurred at 1812 ± 5 Ma, with possible evidence of disturbance during the Sveconorwegian orogeny.
The density of rational lines on hypersurfaces: a bihomogeneous perspective
Authors: Brandes Julia 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLetFbe a non-singular homogeneous polynomial of degreedinnvariables. We give an asymptotic formula of the pairs of integer points$$(\mathbf {x}, \mathbf {y})$$(x,y)with$$|\mathbf {x}| \leqslant X$$|x|⩽Xand$$|\mathbf {y}| \leqslant Y$$|y|⩽Ywhich generate a line lying in the hypersurface defined byF, provided that$$n > 2^{d-1}d^4(d+1)(d+2)$$n>2d-1d4(d+1)(d+2). In particular, by restricting to Zariski-open subsets we are able to avoid imposing any conditions on the relative sizes ofXandY.
Discrepancy of stratified samples from partitions of the unit cube
Authors: Kiderlen Markus , Pausinger Florian 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe extend the notion of jittered sampling to arbitrary partitions and study the discrepancy of the related point sets. Let$${\varvec{\Omega }}=(\Omega _1,\ldots ,\Omega _N)$$Ω=(Ω1,…,ΩN)be a partition of$$[0,1]^d$$[0,1]dand let theith point in$${{\mathcal {P}}}$$Pbe chosen uniformly in theith set of the partition (and stochastically independent of the other points),$$i=1,\ldots ,N$$i=1,…,N. For the study of such sets we introduce the concept of a uniformly distributed triangular array and compare this notion to related notions in the literature. We prove that the expected$${{{\mathcal {L}}}_p}$$Lp-discrepancy,$${{\mathbb {E}}}{{{\mathcal {L}}}_p}({{\mathcal {P}}}_{\varvec{\Omega }})^p$$ELp(PΩ)p, of a point set$${{\mathcal {P}}}_{\varvec{\Omega }}$$PΩgenerated from any equivolume partition$${\varvec{\Omega }}$$Ωis always strictly smaller than the expected$${{{\mathcal {L}}}_p}$$Lp-discrepancy of a set ofNuniform random samples for$$p>1$$p>1. For fixedNwe consider classes of stratified samples based on equivolume partitions of the unit cube into convex sets or into sets with a uniform positive lower bound on their reach. It is shown that these classes contain at least one minimizer of the expected$${{{\mathcal {L}}}_p}$$Lp-discrepancy. We illustrate our results with explicit constructions for smallN. In addition, we present a family of partitions that seems to improve the expected discrepancy of Monte Carlo sampling by a factor of 2 for everyN.
Pandemic-related emergency psychiatric presentations for self-harm of children and adolescents in 10 countries (PREP-kids): a retrospective international cohort study
Authors: Ougrin Dennis , Wong Ben Hoi-ching , Vaezinejad Mehrak , Plener Paul L. , Mehdi Tauseef , Romaniuk Liana , Barrett Elizabeth , Hussain Haseena , Lloyd Alexandra , Tolmac Jovanka , Rao Manish , Chakrabarti Sulagna , Carucci Sara , Moghraby Omer S. , Elvins Rachel , Rozali Farah , Skouta Ereni , McNicholas Fiona , Kuruppuaracchi Natalie , Stevanovic Dejan , Nagy Peter , Davico Chiara , Mirza Hassan , Tufan Evren , Youssef Fatima , Meadowcroft Ben , Landau Sabine 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTo examine the differences in hospital emergency psychiatric presentations for self-harm of children and adolescents during the covid-19 lockdown in March and April 2020 compared with the same period in 2019. Retrospective cohort study. We used electronic patient records from 23 hospital emergency departments in ten countries grouped into 14 areas. We examined data on 2073 acute hospital presentations by 1795 unique children and adolescents through age 18. We examined the total number of emergency psychiatric hospital presentations and the proportion of children and adolescents presenting with severe self-harm as our two main outcome measures. In addition, we examined sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and clinical management variables for those presenting with self-harm. To compare the number of hospital presentations between 2020 and 2019 a negative binomial model was used. For other variables, individual participant data (IPD) meta-analyses were carried out. Emergency psychiatric hospital presentations decreased from 1239 in 2019 to 834 in 2020, incident rate ratio 0.67, 95% CI 0.62–0.73; p < 0.001. The proportion of children and adolescents presenting with self-harm increased from 50% in 2019 to 57% in 2020, odds ratio 1.33, 1.07–1.64; p = 0.009 but there was no difference in the proportion presenting with severe self-harm. Within the subpopulation presenting with self-harm the proportion of children and adolescents presenting with emotional disorders increased from 58 to 66%, odds ratio 1.58, 1.06–2.36; p = 0.025. The proportion of children and adolescents admitted to an observation ward also decreased from 13 to 9% in 2020, odds ratio 0.52, 0.28–0.96; p = 0.036. Service planners should consider that, during a lockdown, there are likely to be fewer emergency psychiatric presentations. Many children and adolescents with psychiatric emergencies might not receive any service. A focus on developing intensive community care services with outreach capabilities should be prioritised.
Personalized biomechanical tongue models based on diffusion-weighted MRI and validated using optical tracking of range of motion
Authors: Kappert K. D. R. , Voskuilen L. , Smeele L. E. , Balm A. J. M. , Jasperse B. , Nederveen A. J. , van der Heijden F. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractFor advanced tongue cancer, the choice between surgery and organ-sparing treatment is often dependent on the expected loss of tongue functionality after treatment. Biomechanical models might assist in this choice by simulating the post-treatment function loss. However, this function loss varies between patients and should, therefore, be predicted for each patient individually. In the present study, the goal was to better predict the postoperative range of motion (ROM) of the tongue by personalizing biomechanical models using diffusion-weighted MRI and constrained spherical deconvolution reconstructions of tongue muscle architecture. Diffusion-weighted MRI scans of ten healthy volunteers were obtained to reconstruct their tongue musculature, which were subsequently registered to a previously described population average or atlas. Using the displacement fields obtained from the registration, the segmented muscle fiber tracks from the atlas were morphed back to create personalized muscle fiber tracks. Finite element models were created from the fiber tracks of the atlas and those of the individual tongues. Via inverse simulation of a protruding, downward, left and right movement, the ROM of the tongue was predicted. This prediction was compared to the ROM measured with a 3D camera. It was demonstrated that biomechanical models with personalized muscles bundles are better in approaching the measured ROM than a generic model. However, to achieve this result a correction factor was needed to compensate for the small magnitude of motion of the model. Future versions of these models may have the potential to improve the estimation of function loss after treatment for advanced tongue cancer.
Assessing the Belt and Road Initiative as a narrative: Implications for institutional change and international firm strategy
Authors: Casas-Klett Tomas , Li Jiatao 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis article explores the role of narratives as drivers that guide the institutional change associated with globalization and deglobalization. For China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) to succeed as a driver of institutional change in favor of globalization, it must pass the narrative “virality” test and successfully contend with competing narratives. Rival narratives will be launched by firms and organizations worldwide that expect to win or lose from deglobalization or from new forms of globalization. This study develops a useful framework for establishing the extent to which China’s BRI is a genuine narrative or just a story. In this regard, four testable propositions are put forth to ascertain whether the BRI is values-based, extends an invitation to participate, is open-ended, and is associated with economic performance for both Chinese and non-Chinese participants. The analysis of the BRI-related institutional change that leads to globalization applies a theoretical lens centered on the narrative economics perspective and on the institution-based view and political economy perspective. Implications for BRI stakeholders, international business practitioners, and international business scholarship are outlined.
Full‐scale shake‐table tests on two unreinforced masonry cavity‐wall buildings: effect of an innovative timber retrofit
Authors: Miglietta Marco , Damiani Nicolò , Guerrini Gabriele , Graziotti Francesco 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTwo full-scale building specimens were tested on the shake-table at the EUCENTRE Foundation laboratories in Pavia (Italy), to assess the effectiveness of an innovative timber retrofit solution, within a comprehensive research campaign on the seismic vulnerability of existing Dutch unreinforced masonry structures. The buildings represented the end-unit of a two-storey terraced house typical of the North-Eastern Netherlands, a region affected by induced seismicity over the last few decades. This building typology is particularly vulnerable to earthquake excitation due to lack of seismic details and irregular distribution of large openings in masonry walls. Both specimens were built with the same geometry. Their structural system consisted of cavity walls, with interior load-bearing calcium-silicate leaf and exterior clay veneer, and included a first-floor reinforced concrete slab, a second-floor timber framing, and a roof timber structure supported by masonry gables. A timber retrofit was designed and installed inside the second specimen, providing an innovative sustainable, light-weight, reversible, and cost-effective technique, which could be extensively applied to actual buildings. Timber frames were connected to the interior surface of the masonry walls and completed by oriented strands boards nailed to them. The second-floor timber diaphragm was stiffened and strengthened by a layer of oriented-strand boards, nailed to the existing joists and to additional blocking elements through the existing planks. These interventions resulted also in improved wall-to-diaphragm connections with the inner leaf at both floors, while steel ties were added between the cavity-wall leaves. The application of the retrofit system favored a global response of the building with increased lateral capacities of the masonry walls. This paper describes in detail the bare and retrofitted specimens, compares the experimental results obtained through similar incremental dynamic shake-table test protocols up to near-collapse conditions, and identifies damage states and damage limits associated with displacements and deformations.
Sound absorption properties of wood-based pulp fibre foams
Authors: Cucharero Jose , Ceccherini Sara , Maloney Thad , Lokki Tapio , Hänninen Tuomas 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this study, sound absorbing materials were produced through foam forming technique using hardwood and softwood pulps with varying chemical composition, ultrastructural, and morphological properties as raw materials. The sound absorption properties of the produced foams were measured and related to the ultrastructure and the morphology of the pulp fibres. All the fibre foams provided sound absorption properties comparable to those of conventional porous materials used for acoustic purposes. In general, further processing, as well as smaller fibre dimensions contribute to improve the sound absorption properties of the pulp fibre foams. The results provide valuable insight on the optimization of wood-based sound absorbing materials.Graphic abstract