bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Evidence of Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy
Authors: Wenk Robert E. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Many perpetrators of Munchausen syndrome by proxy present bloodstained materials as counterfeit evidence of proxy hemorrhage. Although blood grouping may show that the blood is not the proxy's, DNA typing may specifically identify the blood's source. A mother claimed that she alone had witnessed gastrointestinal bleeding of her son and presented bloodstained towels as evidence. Several clinical investigations had failed to reveal a bleeding source. I compared the DNA types of the bloodstains and the child's buccal cells. The bloodstain and epithelial cells differed at 4 of 8 microsatellite loci and at the amelogenin locus. The blood and buccal cells shared 1 allele at every locus, suggesting that their sources were closely related. The probability that the source of the blood was maternal was 0.9915 (prior probability, 0.5). I recommend DNA matching in suspected cases of Munchausen syndrome by proxy whenever blood is presented as evidence.
Acute Leukemia With Myeloid, B-, and Natural Killer Cell Differentiation
Authors: Lee Po-Shing , Lin Ching-Nan , Liu Chientzu , Huang Chien-Tai , Hwang Wei-Shiou 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Biphenotypic acute leukemias account for 4% to 8% of all acute leukemias. Most of these leukemias are of myeloid–B-cell or myeloid–T-cell lineage. Acute myeloid–natural killer cell leukemia has been recognized recently. We report the first case, to our knowledge, of CD56+ acute leukemia showing unequivocal myeloid and B-cell differentiation in a 20-year-old woman, whose blast cells were positive for myeloperoxidase, CD13, CD33, CD117, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase, CD19, CD20, CD22, CD34, HLA-DR, and CD56 but negative for CD3, CD5, CD7, and CD10. Rare Auer rods were identified in the blast cells. Polymerase chain reaction assays showed rearrangement of immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene and absence of Epstein-Barr virus DNA. We propose that this novel form of multilineage leukemia may represent the neoplastic counterpart of a progenitor that can give rise to myeloid, B, and natural killer cells.
5G
Cellular Internet of Things
Authors: Christian Herrero‐Veron , Shu Lin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The Internet of Things (IoT) connects the things in the World to the Internet. What are the implications of connecting them by means of cellular (also known as mobile) networks? This answer is Cellular IoT (CIoT), which expands the power of Internet beyond computers and smartphones to virtually everything around us. CIoT can benefit anything that can send, gather information, or both from sensors and utility meters to asset trackers and wearables for consumer, medical and health applications.
5G
Applications
Authors: Pattan Basavaraj Jayawant , Gupta Nishant 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
With the initial set of application integration standards, 3GPP TSG SA WG6 is pushing the boundaries of mobile telecommunications standardization beyond the traditional system and radio standards.
SA6 has established a good momentum on applications to support new business sectors (referred to in 3GPP as “verticals”). SA6 has developed core application architecture enablers including CAPIF (Common API Framework for northbound APIs), SEAL (Service enabler architecture layer for verticals), and Edge features. At the same time, SA6 has initiated work on vertical‐specific enablers such as Mission Critical, V2X (for automotive application enablers), UAS (for unmanned aerial vehicles), 5GMARCH (Message Service for MIoT over 5G System), and Factories of the Future (for industrial automation.)
This article explains 3GPP's application domain standardization activities, achievements, and progress on 5G applications in mobile systems, i.e. in Evolved Packet System (EPS) and 5G System (5GS) by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).
Adults' ability to particularise an occurrence of a repeated event
Authors: Deck Sarah L. , Paterson Helen M. 
Published: January 2021

SummaryDomestic violence typically recurs over time, involving the same victim and perpetrator. When complainants make an allegation about abuse, they are required to particularise the offence and recall details unique to specific occurrences. This experiment investigated adults' ability to particularise an occurrence after experiencing a single or repeated event. Participants watched one or multiple videos of domestic violence and were interviewed about the last or only video they had observed. For repeated‐event participants, some details were present in all videos (fixed), whereas others differed predictably (variable). Repeated‐event participants recalled a significantly lower proportion of correct details about the target video relative to single event participants, although they reported similar proportions of correct experienced details. Repeated‐event participants also reported a significantly higher proportion of correct fixed, relative to correct variable details about the target video. These findings indicate that adults are likely to have difficulty fulfilling the particularisation requirement.
Demons with guns: How belief in pure evil relates to Attributional judgments for gun violence perpetrators
Authors: Webster Russell J. , Vasturia Dominic , Saucier Donald A. 
Published: January 2021

SummaryPeople who report greater belief in pure evil (BPE; the tendency to attribute harmdoing to dispositionally sadistic perpetrators) generally punish criminal perpetrators more regardless of mitigating circumstances (e.g., having a brain tumor). What attributional/cognitive processes underlie such punishment? A national sample (final N = 302) read an alleged USA Today article about a mall shooting. We manipulated whether the shooter exhibited a brain tumor and whether the shooter exhibited stereotypically evil traits. Regardless of experimental conditions, individuals who reported greater BPE perceived the shooter's behavior as more internal, intentional, controllable, and blameworthy. These attributional judgments also helped mediate the relationship between BPE and punishment. Ancillary measures demonstrated other potential cognitive biases (overprecision and confirmation bias) in processing information about the shooter/shooting. In sum, people who report greater BPE held the shooter more liable for his actions despite mitigating evidence, and such attributions helped explain the link between BPE and punishment.
Algorithmic labeling in hierarchical classifications of publications: Evaluation of bibliographic fields and term weighting approaches
Authors: Sjögårde Peter , Ahlgren Per , Waltman Ludo 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAlgorithmic classifications of research publications can be used to study many different aspects of the science system, such as the organization of science into fields, the growth of fields, interdisciplinarity, and emerging topics. How to label the classes in these classifications is a problem that has not been thoroughly addressed in the literature. In this study, we evaluate different approaches to label the classes in algorithmically constructed classifications of research publications. We focus on two important choices: the choice of (a) different bibliographic fields and (b) different approaches to weight the relevance of terms. To evaluate the different choices, we created two baselines: one based on the Medical Subject Headings in MEDLINE and another based on the Science‐Metrix journal classification. We tested to what extent different approaches yield the desired labels for the classes in the two baselines. Based on our results, we recommend extracting terms from titles and keywords to label classes at high levels of granularity (e.g., topics). At low levels of granularity (e.g., disciplines) we recommend extracting terms from journal names and author addresses. We recommend the use of a new approach, term frequency to specificity ratio, to calculate the relevance of terms.
How is science clicked on Twitter? Click metrics for Bitly short links to scientific publications
Authors: Fang Zhichao , Costas Rodrigo , Tian Wencan , Wang Xianwen , Wouters Paul 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTo provide some context for the potential engagement behavior of Twitter users around science, this article investigates how Bitly short links to scientific publications embedded in scholarly Twitter mentions are clicked on Twitter. Based on the click metrics of over 1.1 million Bitly short links referring to Web of Science (WoS) publications, our results show that around 49.5% of them were not clicked by Twitter users. For those Bitly short links with clicks from Twitter, the majority of their Twitter clicks accumulated within a short period of time after they were first tweeted. Bitly short links to the publications in the field of Social Sciences and Humanities tend to attract more clicks from Twitter over other subject fields. This article also assesses the extent to which Twitter clicks are correlated with some other impact indicators. Twitter clicks are weakly correlated with scholarly impact indicators (WoS citations and Mendeley readers), but moderately correlated to other Twitter engagement indicators (total retweets and total likes). In light of these results, we highlight the importance of paying more attention to the click metrics of URLs in scholarly Twitter mentions, to improve our understanding about the more effective dissemination and reception of science information on Twitter.
Impact of Decipher on use of post‐operative radiotherapy: Individual patient analysis of two prospective registries
Authors: Shahait Mohammed , Liu Vinnie Y. T. , Vapiwala Neha , Lal Priti , Kim Jessica , Trabulsi Eduard J. , Huang Huei‐Chung , Davicioni Elai , Thompson Darby J. S. , Spratt Daniel , Den Robert B. , Lee David I. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the association between Genomic Classifier (GC)‐risk group and post‐radical prostatectomy treatment in clinical practice.MethodsTwo prospective observational cohorts of men with prostate cancer (PCa) who underwent RP in two referral centers and had GC testing post‐prostatectomy between 2013 and 2018 were included. The primary endpoint of the study was to assess the association between GC‐risk group and time to secondary therapy. Univariable (UVA) and multivariable (MVA) Cox proportional hazards models were constructed to assess the association between GC‐risk group and time to receipt of secondary therapy after RP, where secondary therapy is defined as receiving either RT or ADT after RP.ResultsA total of 398 patients are included in the analysis. Patients with high‐GC risk were more likely to receive any secondary therapy (OR: 6.84) compared to patients with low/intermediate‐GC risk. The proportion of high‐GC risk patients receiving RT at 2 years post‐RP was 31.5%, compared to only 6.3% among the low/intermediate‐GC risk patients.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that physicians in routine practice used GC to identify high risk patients who might benefit the most from secondary treatment. As such, GC score was independent predictor of receipt of secondary treatment.
Targeting YAP‐p62 signaling axis suppresses the EGFR‐TKI‐resistant lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Park Hee Sun , Lee Da‐Hye , Kang Da Hyun , Yeo Min‐Kyung , Bae Goeun , Lee Dahye , Yoo Geon , Kim Ju‐Ock , Moon Eunyoung , Huh Yang Hoon , Lee Sang‐Hee , Jo Eun‐Kyeong , Cho Sang Yeon , Lee Jeong Eun , Chung Chaeuk 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundDespite the progress of advanced target therapeutic agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors, EGFR‐TKI resistance is still one of the biggest obstacles in treating lung cancer. Clinical studies with autophagy inhibitors are actively underway to overcome drug resistance.MethodsWe used PC9, PC9/GR, and HCC827/GR cell lines to evaluate the activation of autophagy and EGFR‐TKI resistance. Chloroquine was applied as an autophagic blocker and verteporfin was utilized as a YAP inhibitor.ResultsIn this study, we tried to reveal the effect of autophagy adaptor p62 which is accumulated by autophagy inhibitor in EGFR‐TKI‐resistant lung adenocarcinoma. We identified that p62 has oncogenic functions that induce cell proliferation and invasion of EGFR‐TKI‐resistant lung adenocarcinoma. Interestingly, we found for the first time that YAP regulates p62 transcription through ERK, and YAP inhibition can suppress the expression of oncogenic p62. We also confirmed that the expressions of p62 and YAP have a positive correlation in EGFR‐mutant lung adenocarcinoma patients. To block cell survival via perturbing YAP‐p62 axis, we treated EGFR‐TKI‐resistant lung cancer cells with YAP inhibitor verteporfin. Remarkably, verteporfin effectively caused the death of EGFR‐TKI‐resistant lung cancer cells by decreasing the expressions of p62 with oncogenic function, YAP, and its target PD‐L1. So, the cumulative effect of oncogenic p62 should be considered when using autophagy inhibitors, especially drugs that act at the last stage of autophagy such as chloroquine and bafilomycin A1.ConclusionFinally, we suggest that targeting YAP‐p62 signaling axis can be useful to suppress the EGFR‐TKI‐resistant lung cancer. Therefore, drug repurposing of verteporfin for lung cancer treatment may be valuable to consider because it can inhibit critical targets: p62, YAP, and PD‐L1 at the same time.
Overlapping holoprosencephaly‐polydactyl syndrome and asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy, an incidental finding in late prenatal ultrasound: A rare case report
Authors: Sereke Senai Goitom , Oriekot Anthony , Bongomin Felix 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHoloprosencephaly‐polydactyly syndrome and asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy rarely overlap but if they do, they have poorer prognosis. Early prenatal detection of multiple congenital anomalies plays a crucial role in the management of pregnancy.
Avulsion fracture of the ischial tuberosity: A surgical dilemma
Authors: Vasiliadis Angelo V. , Tsioulas Paschalis , Alvanos Dimitrios , Mpeletsiotis Anastasios 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe clinician should make the treatment choice considering the patient's requirements. Thus, surgical treatment can successfully achieve long‐lasting satisfactory results and provide the best chance for a rapid return to sports.
A Riemann‐Hilbert Approach to the Lower Tail of the Kardar‐Parisi‐Zhang Equation
Authors: Cafasso Mattia , Claeys Tom 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFredholm determinants associated to deformations of the Airy kernel are closely connected to the solution to the Kardar‐Parisi‐Zhang (KPZ) equation with narrow wedge initial data, and they also appear as largest particle distributions in models of positive‐temperature free fermions.We show that logarithmic derivatives of the Fredholm determinants can be expressed in terms of a 2 × 2 Riemann‐Hilbert problem, and we use this to derive asymptotics for the Fredholm determinants. As an application of our result, we derive precise lower tail asymptotics for the solution of the KPZ equation with narrow wedge initial data, refining recent results by Corwin and Ghosal. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Light‐ and Chemical‐Stimuli‐Induced Isomerization of Donor−Acceptor Stenhouse Adducts
Authors: Chen Tian‐Yang , Cai You‐De , Jiang Shi‐Qing , Cai Wei , Tong Ming‐Liang , Bao Xin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDonor−acceptor Stenhouse adducts (DASAs) are a new class of negative photochromic molecules capable of linear‐to‐cyclic isomerization. We report three new DASAs that are responsive not only to visible‐light irradiation, but also to chemical stimuli including acidity and metal ions. The pendant pyridine group in the donor moiety has been found to play an important role in determining the isomerization process and tuning the relative stability of the isomers. Successful isolation of a new double cyclized isomer requires the pyridine nitrogen atom to be in a suitable position where it is able to form a stable six‐membered C4N2 ring. The marked change of color associated with the isomerization has been applied for the visual detection of primary amine vapors and Cu2+ ions.
Milk fat globule EGF factor 8 restores mitochondrial function via integrin‐medicated activation of the FAK‐STAT3 signaling pathway in acute pancreatitis
Authors: Ren Yifan , Liu Wuming , zhang Lin , Zhang Jia , Bi Jianbin , Wang Tao , Wang Mengzhou , Du Zhaoqing , Wang Yawen , zhang Lin , Wu Zheng , Lv Yi , Meng Lingzhong , Wu Rongqian 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAcute pancreatitis (AP) remains a significant clinical challenge. Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes significantly to the pathogenesis of AP. Milk fat globule EGF factor 8 (MFG‐E8) is an opsonizing protein, which has many biological functions via binding to αvβ3/5 integrins. Ligand‐dependent integrin‐FAK activation of STAT3 was reported to be of great importance for maintaining a normal mitochondrial function. However, MFG‐E8's role in AP has not been evaluated.MethodsBlood samples were acquired from 69 healthy controls and 134 AP patients. Serum MFG‐E8 levels were measured by ELISA. The relationship between serum concentrations of MFG‐E8 and disease severity were analyzed. The role of MFG‐E8 was evaluated in experimental models of AP.ResultsSerum concentrations of MFG‐E8 were lower in AP patients than healthy controls. And serum MFG‐E8 concentrations were negatively correlated with disease severity in AP patients. In mice, MFG‐E8 administration decreased L‐arginine‐induced pancreatic injury and mortality. MFG‐E8's protective effects in experimental AP were associated with improvement in mitochondrial function and reduction in oxidative stress. MFG‐E8 knockout mice suffered more severe pancreatic injury and greater mitochondrial damage after l‐arginine administration. Mechanistically, MFG‐E8 activated the FAK‐STAT3 pathway in AP mice. Cilengitide, a specific αvβ3/5 integrin inhibitor, abolished MFG‐E8's beneficial effects in AP. PF00562271, a specific FAK inhibitor, blocked MFG‐E8‐induced STAT3 phosphorylation. APTSTAT3‐9R, a specific STAT3 antagonist, also eliminated MFG‐E8's beneficial effects under such a condition.ConclusionsMFG‐E8 acts as an endogenous protective mediator in the pathogenesis of AP. MFG‐E8 administration protects against AP possibly by restoring mitochondrial function via activation of the integrin‐FAK‐STAT3 signaling pathway. Targeting the action of MFG‐E8 may present a potential therapeutic option for AP.
Ursodesoxycholic acid alleviates liver fibrosis via proregeneration by activation of the ID1‐WNT2/HGF signaling pathway
Authors: Dong Xi , Luo Yun , Lu Shan , Ma Han , Zhang Wenchao , Zhu Yue , Sun Guibo , Sun Xiaobo 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe human liver possesses a remarkable capacity for self‐repair. However, liver fibrosis remains a serious medical concern, potentially progressing to end‐stage liver cirrhosis and even death. Liver fibrosis is characterized by excess accumulation of extracellular matrix in response to chronic injury. Liver regenerative ability, a strong indicator of liver health, is important in resisting fibrosis. In this study, we provide evidence that ursodesoxycholic acid (UDCA) can alleviate liver fibrosis by promoting liver regeneration via activation of the ID1‐WNT2/hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) pathway.MethodsBile duct ligation (BDL) and partial hepatectomy (PH) mouse models were used to verify the effects of UDCA on liver fibrosis, regeneration, and the ID1‐WNT2/HGF pathway. An Id1 knockdown mouse model was also used to assess the role of Id1 in UDCA alleviation of liver fibrosis.ResultsOur results demonstrate that UDCA can alleviate liver fibrosis in the BDL mice and promote liver regeneration via the ID1‐WNT2/HGF pathway in PH mice. In addition, Id1 knockdown abolished the protection afforded by UDCA in BDL mice.ConclusionsWe conclude that UDCA protects against liver fibrosis by proregeneration via activation of the ID1‐WNT2/HGF pathway.
Deep learning based digital cell profiles for risk stratification of urine cytology images
Authors: Awan Ruqayya , Benes Ksenija , Azam Ayesha , Song Tzu‐Hsi , Shaban Muhammad , Verrill Clare , Tsang Yee Wah , Snead David , Minhas Fayyaz , Rajpoot Nasir 
Published: January 2021

AbstractUrine cytology is a test for the detection of high‐grade bladder cancer. In clinical practice, the pathologist would manually scan the sample under the microscope to locate atypical and malignant cells. They would assess the morphology of these cells to make a diagnosis. Accurate identification of atypical and malignant cells in urine cytology is a challenging task and is an essential part of identifying different diagnosis with low‐risk and high‐risk malignancy. Computer‐assisted identification of malignancy in urine cytology can be complementary to the clinicians for treatment management and in providing advice for carrying out further tests. In this study, we presented a method for identifying atypical and malignant cells followed by their profiling to predict the risk of diagnosis automatically. For cell detection and classification, we employed two different deep learning‐based approaches. Based on the best performing network predictions at the cell level, we identified low‐risk and high‐risk cases using the count of atypical cells and the total count of atypical and malignant cells. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve shows that a total count of atypical and malignant cells is comparably better at diagnosis as compared to the count of malignant cells only. We obtained area under the ROC curve with the count of malignant cells and the total count of atypical and malignant cells as 0.81 and 0.83, respectively. Our experiments also demonstrate that the digital risk could be a better predictor of the final histopathology‐based diagnosis. We also analyzed the variability in annotations at both cell and whole slide image level and also explored the possible inherent rationales behind this variability.
Combined Etanercept, GAD‐alum and vitamin D treatment: an open pilot trial to preserve beta cell function in recent onset type 1 diabetes
Authors: Ludvigsson Johnny , Routray Indusmita , Vigård Tore , Hanås Ragnar , Rathsman Björn , Carlsson Annelie , Särnblad Stefan , Albin Anna‐Karin , Arvidsson Carl‐Göran , Samuelsson Ulf , Casas Rosaura 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimWe aimed to study the feasibility and tolerability of a combination therapy consisting of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD‐alum), Etanercept and vitamin D in children and adolescents with newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1D), and evaluate preservation of beta cell function.Material and MethodsEtanercept Diamyd Combination Regimen is an open‐labelled multi‐centre study pilot trial which enrolled 20 GAD antibodies positive T1D patients (7 girls and 13 boys), aged (mean ±SD): 12.4 ± 2.3 (8.3–16.1) years, with a diabetes duration of 81.4 ± 22.1 days. Baseline fasting C‐peptide was 0.24 ± 0.1 (0.10–0.35) nmol/l. The patients received Day 1‐450 Vitamin D (Calciferol) 2000 U/d per os, Etanercept sc Day 1‐90 0.8 mg/kg once a week and GAD‐alum sc injections (20 μg, Diamyd™) Day 30 and 60. They were followed for 30 months.ResultsNo treatment related serious adverse events were observed. After 6 months 90‐min stimulated C‐peptide had improved in 8/20 patients and C‐peptide area under the curve (AUC) after Mixed Meal Tolerance Test in 5 patients, but declined thereafter, while HbA1c and insulin requirement remained close to baseline. Administration of Etanercept did not reduce tumour necrosis factor (TNF) spontaneous secretion from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, but rather GAD65‐induced TNF‐α increased. Spontaneous interleukin‐17a secretion increased after the administration of Etanercept, and GAD65‐induced cytokines and chemokines were also enhanced following 1 month of Etanercept administration.ConclusionsCombination therapy with parallel treatment with GAD‐alum, Etanercept and vitamin D in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes was feasible and tolerable but had no beneficial effects on the autoimmune process or beta cell function.