bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using systems thinking and causal loop diagrams to identify cascading climate change impacts on bioenergy supply systems
Authors: Groundstroem Fanny , Juhola Sirkku 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIncreased use of bioenergy, driven by ambitious climate and energy policies, has led to an upsurge in international bioenergy trade. Simultaneously, it is evident that every node of the bioenergy supply chain, from cultivation of energy crops to production of electricity and heat, is vulnerable to climate change impacts. However, climate change assessments of bioenergy supply chains neither account for the global nature of the bioenergy market, nor the complexity and dynamic interconnectivity between and within different sub-systems in which the bioenergy supply chain is embedded, thereby neglecting potential compounding and cascading impacts of climate change. In this paper, systems thinking is utilised to develop an analytical framework to address this gap, and aided by causal loop diagrams, cascading impacts of climate change are identified for a case study concerning imports of wood pellets from the United States to the European Union. The findings illustrate how the complexity and interconnectivity of the wood pellet supply system predispose the supply chain to various cascading climate change impacts stemming from environmental, social, political and economic domains, and highlight the value of using system-based analysis tools for studying such complex and dynamic systems.
Improvisation and thinking in movement: an enactivist analysis of agency in artistic practices
Authors: Ravn Susanne , Høffding Simon 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this article, we inquire into Maxine Sheets-Johnstone and Michele Merritt’s descriptions and use of dance improvisation as it relates to “thinking in movement.” We agree with them scholars that improvisational practices present interesting cases for investigating how movement, thinking, and agency intertwine. However, we also find that their descriptions of improvisation overemphasize the dimension of spontaneity as an intuitive “letting happen” of movements. To recalibrate their descriptions of improvisational practices, we couple Ezequiel Di Paolo, Thomas Buhrmann, and Xabier E. Barandiaran’s (2017) enactive account of the constitution of agency with case studies of two expert performers of improvisation: a dancer and a musician. Our analyses hereof show that their improvisations unfold as a sophisticated oscillation of agency between specialized forms of mental and bodily control and, indeed, a more spontaneous “letting things happen.” In all, this article’s conclusions frame thinking in movement concerning improvisational practices as contextually embedded, purposively trained, and inherently relational.
The extended mind argument against phenomenal intentionality
Authors: Turner Cody 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper offers a novel argument against the phenomenal intentionality thesis (or PIT for short). The argument, which I'll call the extended mind argument against phenomenal intentionality, is centered around two claims: the first asserts that some source intentional states extend into the environment, while the second maintains that no conscious states extend into the environment. If these two claims are correct, then PIT is false, for PIT implies that the extension of source intentionality is predicated upon the extension of phenomenal consciousness. The argument is important because it undermines an increasingly prominent account of the nature of intentionality. PIT has entered the philosophical mainstream and is now a serious contender to naturalistic views of intentionality like the tracking theory and the functional role theory (Loar 1987, 2003; Searle 1990; Strawson 1994; Horgan and Tienson 2002; Pitt 2004; Farkas 2008; Kriegel 2013; Montague 2016; Bordini 2017; Forrest 2017; Mendelovici 2018). The extended mind argument against PIT challenges the popular sentiment that consciousness grounds intentionality.
Marx, Engels, Lenin, and Stalin as highly cited researchers? Historical bibliometrics study
Authors: Kulczycki Emanuel , Kolasa Władysław Marek , Szadkowski Krystian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe motivation for our research is the view, widespread among Polish scientists, that under the Communist Party’s rule it was always necessary to refer to Marx, Engels, Lenin or Stalin (we call them ‘classics’), especially in the highly-politicised fields like humanities and social sciences, in order for the work to pass the censorship procedures and be published. Therefore, in this paper, we aim to determine whether the 'classics' were commonly cited in a formally socialist country under the rule of the Communist Party (Polish Workers' Party/Polish United Workers’ Party). To address the main research question, we use the Citation Index of the History of Polish Media that covers all publications, whether scholarly articles or book publications, on the history of Polish media; in total, 6880 publications and 59,827 citations from the 1945‒2009 period. We found that citations of the works of the ‘classics’ (N = 296) constitute 0.49% of all citations in the database used and that the practice of citing the 'classics' was extremely rare (just 64 occurrences in the analysed sample). Our research also contributes to the development of reflection in historical bibliometrics and argues that bibliographical databases need to cover various types of publications, especially scholarly book publications, written in different languages (not only in English).
Nonpolitical Versus Political Participation: Longitudinal Associations with Mental Health and Social Well-Being in Different Age Groups
Authors: Lühr Matthias , Pavlova Maria K. , Luhmann Maike 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDrawing on public opinion and empirical research, one may advise people to participate in voluntary organizations because voluntary participation can improve their mental health and social well-being. However, do such benefits apply across different types of participation and across the life course? In this study, we investigated whether benefits to mental health and social well-being differ between nonpolitical and political participation and across age groups (preregistration is accessible at https://osf.io/kqcbe). Using 25 waves of data from the British Household Panel Survey and the Understanding Society (1991–2016), we conducted multilevel analyses with observations nested within participants in younger (14–29, n = 10,536), middle-aged (40–50, n = 4,955), and older (65–75, n = 3,059) adults. We used life satisfaction and GHQ-12 scores as measures of mental health, and social support and neighborhood belonging as measures of social well-being. We found only few and small significant effects at the within-person level: On occasions when younger adults reported political participation, they reported slightly higher neighborhood belonging than when they did not. On occasions when older adults reported nonpolitical or political participation, they reported slightly higher life satisfaction than when they did not. However, we found no significant differences between nonpolitical and political participation and among age groups. In sum, our findings qualify the opinion that voluntary participation yields significant benefits to engaged individuals. We discuss potential explanations, including characteristics of political participation in the United Kingdom.
Sixty Years of Element Abundance Measurements in Solar Energetic Particles
Authors: Reames Donald V. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSixty years ago the first observation was published showing solar energetic particles (SEPs) with a sampling of chemical elements with atomic numbers $6 \leq Z \leq 18$
6
≤
Z
≤
18
above 40 MeV amu−1. Thus began study of the direct products of dynamic physics in the solar corona. As we have progressed from 4-min sounding-rocket samples to continuous satellite coverage of SEP events, we have extended the observations to the unusual distribution of element abundances throughout the periodic table. Small “impulsive” SEP events from islands of magnetic reconnection on open magnetic-field lines in solar jets generate huge enhancements in abundances of 3He and of the heaviest elements, enhancements increasing as a power of the ion mass-to-charge ratio as ($A$
A
/$Q$
Q
)3.6, on average. Solar flares involve the same physics but there the SEPs are trapped on closed loops, expending their energy as heat and light. The larger, energetic “gradual” SEP events are accelerated at shock waves driven by fast, wide coronal mass ejections (CMEs). However, these shocks can also reaccelerate ions from pools of residual suprathermal impulsive ions, and CMEs from jets can also drive fast shocks, complicating the picture. The underlying element abundances in SEP events represent the solar corona, which differs from corresponding abundances in the photosphere as a function of the first ionization potential (FIP) of the elements, distinguishing low-FIP (<10 eV) ions from high-FIP neutral atoms as they expand through the chromosphere. Differences in FIP patterns of SEPs and the solar wind may distinguish closed- and open-field regions of formation at the base of the corona. Dependence of SEP acceleration upon $A$
A
/$Q$
Q
allows best-fit estimation of ion $Q$
Q
-values and hence of the source plasma temperature of ∼1 – 3 MK, derived from abundances, which correlates with recent measures of temperatures using extreme ultraviolet emission from jets. Thus, element abundances in SEPs have become a powerful tool to study the underlying solar corona and to probe physical processes of broad astrophysical significance, from the “FIP effect” to magnetic reconnection and shock acceleration. New questions arise, however, about the theoretical basis of correlations of energy-spectral indices with power-laws of abundances, about the coexistence of separate resonant and non-resonant mechanisms for enhancements of 3He and of heavy elements, about occasional events with unusual suppression of He and about the overall paucity of C in FIP comparisons.
Problems of empirical solutions to the theory-ladenness of observation
Authors: Pantazakos Themistoklis 
Published: August 2021

AbstractRecent years have seen enticing empirical approaches to solving the epistemological problem of the theory-ladenness of observation. I group these approaches in two categories according to their method of choice: testing and refereeing. I argue that none deliver what friends of theory-neutrality want them to. Testing does not work because both evidence from cognitive neuroscience and perceptual pluralism independently invalidate the existence of a common observation core. Refereeing does not work because it treats theory-ladenness as a kind of superficial, removable bias. Even if such treatment is plausible, there is likely no method to ascertain that effects of this bias are not present. More importantly, evidence from cognitive neuroscience suggests that a deeper, likely irremovable kind of theory-ladenness lies within the perceptual modules.
Effect of medium composition, genotype and age of explant on the regeneration of hexaploid plants from endosperm culture of tetraploid kiwiberry (Actinidia arguta)
Authors: Abdullah Mohib , Sliwinska Elwira , Góralski Grzegorz , Latocha Piotr , Tuleja Monika , Widyna Patrycja , Popielarska-Konieczna Marzena 
Published: August 2021

AbstractEndosperm, an ephemeral and storage tissue, serves as a source of nutrition and protection during embryo development and germination. It can be used for the cultivation of polyploid plants in vitro. Here, results of plant regeneration and acclimatization from the endosperm-derived calli of four cultivars ofActinidia argutahas been presented. Seeds excised from fresh fruit and dry seeds stored for one year served as the sources of endosperm explants of selected tetraploid cultivars ofA. arguta. Callus Induction Medium (CIM; containing 0.25, 0.5, or 1 mg/l of TDZ) and Actinidia Endosperm Medium (AEM; containing 2 mg/l of 2,4-D and 5 mg/l of kinetin) were used to study the organogenic responses of the calli. On AEM, the source of explant did not significantly affect the rate of callus induction for any of the tested cultivars; no organogenic events were observed. In contrast, on CIM both the source of explants and the cultivar origin caused significant differences in callus formation and subsequent organogenic events. Histological and ultrastructural analyses revealed the adventitious nature of shoot bud formation on these media. The most efficient elongation of shoot buds was achieved after transferring organogenic calli with adventitious shoot buds to a medium supplemented with zeatin ormeta-topolin. Robust root induction with minimal basal callus formation occurred on the medium with indole-3-acetic acid. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the nuclear DNA content in the leaves of some regenerants was approximately 50 % higher (4.5 pg/2C) than that in leaves from the tetraploid seedlings (3.1 pg/2C),which confirmed that those regenerants originated from the endosperm. The regeneration of such hexaploid plants was more efficient when endosperm from fresh seeds served as an explant; therefore, fresh rather than dry seeds are recommended for endosperm-derived plant production. The hexaploid plants ofA. argutacan serve as an important source of breeding material.
Can the FSCORE add value to anomaly-based portfolios? A reality check in the German stock market
Authors: Pätäri Eero J. , Leivo Timo H. , Ahmed Sheraz 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper examines the added value of using financial statement information, particularly that of Piotroski’s (J Account Res 38:1, 2000. https://doi.org/10.2307/2672906) FSCORE, for equity portfolio selection in the German stock market in a realistic research setting in which the critique against the implementability of FSCORE-based trading strategies is taken into account. We show that the performance of annually rebalanced long-only portfolios formed on any of the examined 12 accounting-based primary criteria improves by including the FSCORE as a supplementary criterion. Our study is the first to show that although the FSCORE boost is strongest for the 1-year holding period length, it also holds, on average, for the 3-year holding period. The use of a 3-year updating frequency is particularly beneficial for the low-accrual portfolio that—when supplemented with the high-FSCORE threshold—generates the best overall performance among all 75 portfolios examined. Moreover, we show that a high FSCORE is also an efficient stand-alone criterion for long-only portfolio formation.
Definition and extraction of 2D shape indices of intracranial aneurysm necks for rupture risk assessment
Authors: Mittenentzwei Sarah , Beuing Oliver , Neyazi Belal , Sandalcioglu I. Erol , Larsen Naomi , Preim Bernhard , Saalfeld Sylvia 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Intracranial aneurysms are local dilations of brain vessels. Their rupture, as well as their treatment, is associated with high risk of morbidity and mortality. In this work, we propose shape indices for aneurysm ostia for the rupture risk assessment of intracranial aneurysms.

Methods
We analyzed 84 middle cerebral artery bifurcation aneurysms (27 ruptured and 57 unruptured) and their ostia, with respect to their size and shape. We extracted 3D models of the aneurysms and vascular trees. A semi-automatic approach was used to separate the aneurysm from its parent vessel and to reconstruct the ostium. We used known indices to quantitatively describe the aneurysms. For the ostium, we present new shape indices: the 2D Undulation Index (UI$$_\mathrm{2D}$$

2
D

), the 2D Ellipticity Index (EI$$_\mathrm{2D}$$

2
D

) and the 2D Noncircularity Index (NCI$$_\mathrm{2D}$$

2
D

). Results were analyzed using the Student t test, the Mann–Whitney U test and a correlation analysis between indices of the aneurysms and their ostia.

Results
Of the indices, none was significantly associated with rupture status. Most aneurysms have an NCI$$_\mathrm{2D}$$

2
D

below 0.2. Of the aneurysms that have an NCI$$_\mathrm{2D}$$

2
D

above 0.5, only one is ruptured, which indicates that ruptured aneurysms often have a circular-shaped ostium. Furthermore, the ostia of ruptured aneurysms tend to have a smaller area, which is also correlated with the aneurysm’s size. While also other variables were significantly correlated, strong linear correlations can only be seen between the area of the ostium with the aneurysm’s volume and surface.

Conclusion
The proposed shape indices open up new possibilities to quantitatively describe and compare ostia, which can be beneficial for rupture risk assessment and subsequent treatment decision. Additionally, this work shows that the ostium area and the size of the aneurysm are correlated. Further longitudinal studies are necessary to analyze whether stable and unstable aneurysms can be distinguished by their ostia.
Is Internationalization Beneficial to Innovation? Evidence from a Meta-analysis
Authors: Ding Sasa , McDonald Frank , Wei Yingqi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper conducts a meta-analytical review to examine the impact of internationalization on innovation, with particular attention to the role of research design factors that may confound causal inferences. The existing literature is examined (1) to determine the average effect of internationalization on innovation and (2) to assess how variations in key aspects of research design has affected results. Analysis of 99 studies reveals that the effects of internationalization on innovation are diverse but are generally positive, albeit the effect sizes are mostly small to moderate. The inferred magnitude of such effects is influenced by research design factors and that country-context matters. The results suggest that internationalization measurements, data characteristics and statistical artifacts affect the variations in effect sizes. We conclude with a discussion of opportunities and challenges in future research on the internationalization-innovation nexus.
Different effects of the DRD4 genotype on intrinsic brain network connectivity strength in drug-naïve children with ADHD and healthy controls
Authors: Chen Shuangli , Qian Andan , Tao Jiejie , Zhou Ronghui , Fu Chuqi , Yang Chuang , Lin Qingxia , Zhou JieJie , Li Jiance , Huang Xiaoqi , Wang Meihao 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) has been consistently reported to be associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Recent studies have linked DRD4 to functional connectivity among specific brain regions. The current study aimed to compare the effects of the DRD4 genotype on functional integrity in drug-naïve ADHD children and healthy children. Resting-state functional MRI images were acquired from 49 children with ADHD and 37 healthy controls (HCs). We investigated the effects of the 2-repeat allele of DRD4 on brain network connectivity in both groups using a parameter called the degree of centrality (DC), which indexes local functional relationships across the entire brain connectome. A voxel-wise two-way ANCOVA was performed to examine the diagnosis-by-genotype interactions on DC maps. Significant diagnosis-by-genotype interactions with DC were found in the temporal lobe, including the left inferior temporal gyrus (ITG) and bilateral middle temporal gyrus (MTG) (GRF corrected at voxel level p < 0.001 and cluster level p < 0.05, two-tailed). With the further subdivision of the DC network according to anatomical distance, additional brain regions with significant interactions were found in the long-range DC network, including the left superior parietal gyrus (SPG) and right middle frontal gyrus (MFG). The post-hoc pairwise analysis found that altered network centrality related to DRD4 differed according to diagnostic status (p < 0.05). This genetic imaging study suggests that the DRD4 genotype regulates the functional integration of brain networks in children with ADHD and HCs differently. This may have important implications for our understanding of the role of DRD4 in altering functional connectivity in ADHD subjects.
Comparison of superficial wound documentation using 2D forensic photography, 3D photogrammetry, Botscan© and VR with real-life examination
Authors: Massini Federico , Ebert Lars , Ampanozi Garyfalia , Franckenberg Sabine , Benz Lena , Sieberth Till 
Published: August 2021

AbstractEvidence acquisition, interpretation and preservation are essential parts of forensic case work that make a standardized documentation process fundamental. The most commonly used method for the documentation and interpretation of superficial wounds is a combination of two modalities: two-dimensional (2D) photography for evidence preservation and real-life examination for wound analysis. As technologies continue to develop, 2D photography is being enhanced with three-dimensional (3D) documentation technology. In our study, we compared the real-life examination of superficial wounds using four different technical documentation and visualization methods.To test the different methods, a mannequin was equipped with several injury stickers, and then the different methods were applied. A total of 42 artificial injury stickers were documented in regard to orientation, form, color, size, wound borders, wound corners and suspected mechanism of injury for the injury mechanism. As the gold standard, superficial wounds were visually examined by two board-certified forensic pathologists directly on the mannequin. These results were compared to an examination using standard 2D forensic photography; 2D photography using the multicamera system Botscan©, which included predefined viewing positions all around the body; and 3D photogrammetric reconstruction based on images visualized both on screen and in a virtual reality (VR) using a head-mounted display (HMD).The results of the gold standard examination showed that the two forensic pathologists had an inter-reader agreement ranging from 69% for the orientation and 11% for the size of the wounds. A substantial portion of the direct visual documentation showed only a partial overlap, especially for the items of size and color, thereby prohibiting the statistical comparison of these two items. A forest plot analysis of the remaining six items showed no significant difference between the methods. We found that among the forensic pathologists, there was high variability regarding the vocabulary used for the description of wound morphology, which complicated the exact comparison of the two documentations of the same wound.There were no significant differences for any of the four methods compared to the gold standard, thereby challenging the role of real-life examination and 2D photography as the most reliable documentation approaches. Further studies with real injuries are necessary to support our evaluation that technical examination methods involving multicamera systems and 3D visualization for whole-body examination might be a valid alternative in future forensic documentation.