bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Hydrated Minerals and Space Weathering Products in the Bluing of Carbonaceous Asteroids
Authors: Trang David , Thompson Michelle S. , Clark Beth E. , Kaplan Hannah H. , Zou Xiao-Duan , Li Jian-Yang , Ferrone Salvatore M. , Hamilton Victoria E. , Simon Amy A. , Reuter Dennis C. , Keller Lindsay P. , Barucci M. Antonietta , Campins Humberto , Lantz Cateline , DellaGiustina Daniella N. , Ballouz Ronald-Louis , Jawin Erica R. , Connolly Harold C. , Walsh Kevin J. , Lauretta Dante S. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The surfaces of airless bodies such as lunar and S-type asteroids typically become spectrally redder in visible to near-infrared reflectance with longer exposures to space weathering. However, some carbonaceous asteroids instead become spectrally bluer. Space weathering experiments on carbonaceous meteorites have provided some clues as to the space weathering products that could produce spectral bluing. We applied these experimental results to our Hapke radiative transfer model, with which we modeled spectral data from the OSIRIS-REx mission in order to determine whether these space weathering products—specifically, nanophase and microphase metallic iron, troilite, and magnetite—could explain the globally blue spectrum of the carbonaceous asteroid (101955) Bennu. The model suggests that the surface of Bennu has microphase iron, nanophase magnetite, and nanophase and microphase troilite. Considering previous space weathering experiments together with our spectral modeling of Bennu, we posit that the presence of nanophase magnetite is what causes a carbonaceous asteroid to become spectrally bluer with exposure time. Nanophase magnetite can form on asteroids that have Fe-bearing hydrated minerals (phyllosilicates). On anhydrous carbonaceous asteroids, nanophase iron forms instead of magnetite, leading to spectral reddening. We therefore predict that samples returned by the OSIRIS-REx mission from Bennu will have more nanophase magnetite than nanophase iron with nanophase and microphase sulfides, whereas samples returned by the Hayabusa2 mission from the carbonaceous asteroid (162173) Ryugu, which is spectrally red, will contain nanophase and microphase sulfides as well as more nanophase iron than nanophase magnetite.
Retour à Lergnes
Authors: Guéraut Élie 
Published: April 2021

À partir du cas de jeunes diplômées d’écoles d’art dont les aspirations à devenir artistes plasticiennes se heurtent aux droits d’entrée du marché du travail artistique, cet article propose une analyse de la production d’un désajustement durable entre mobilités professionnelles et aspirations subjectives. La première partie de l’article s’attache à rendre compte du processus de production de ces désillusions, à la croisée de cette mobilité professionnelle empêchée et d’un retour contraint à l’espace d’origine, une ville moyenne en déclin. La deuxième partie revient sur le réajustement et l’abandon des vocations artistiques au sein de deux « univers de consolation », la scène associative et le monde privé conjugal.
Individualiser dans un cadre partenarial : la cohérence interne des politiques socio-éducatives en question
Authors: Morel Stanislas 
Published: April 2021

L’individualisation et le partenariat constituent deux des orientations les plus caractéristiques des politiques éducatives contemporaines. S’appuyant sur une enquête ethnographique de deux programmes de réussite éducative, principal dispositif du volet « éducation » de la politique de la ville, visant à la prise en charge individuelle et partenariale d’enfants ou d’adolescents en situation de « fragilité », cet article se fixe pour objectif de comprendre les modalités pratiques de l’articulation de ces deux orientations et d’explorer ainsi la cohérence interne des politiques socio-éducatives. Loin de se compléter harmonieusement, les injonctions à l’individualisation et au partenariat ne peuvent en effet manquer d’entrer, lors de la mise en œuvre du dispositif, en tension, tant du fait de questions éthiques, que de considérations organisationnelles ou de logiques concurrentielles. Cette recherche montre que ceux qui mettent en œuvre ce dispositif, confrontés à ces tensions, sont conduits à prendre leur distance par rapport au cadre officiellement défini, et à mettre en œuvre des adaptations qui, si elles les exposent à des critiques, leur permettent néanmoins de faire fonctionner le dispositif.
Déséquilibres territoriaux en santé en Roumanie. Quel(s) rôle(s) à jouer pour l’économie sociale et solidaire ?
Authors: Bioteau Emmanuel 
Published: April 2021

Cet atelier conclut un cycle de 3 rencontres organisées en 2015 et en 2016, portant sur les problématiques du secteur médico-social en Roumanie, regroupées sous l’intitulé « Emergence et structuration d’un secteur médico-social en Roumanie ». Il s’agit ici de produire (1) une typologie des différentes situations, et l’analyse de ces situations, (2) de comprendre les effets des régulations publiques à caractères social et médical sur les territoires, leurs habitants, leurs établissements, (3) d’analyser les raisons du non-recours à certains services et (4) de formaliser les modalités (leur nécessité réelle ?, leur applicabilité ?) d’un transfert de pratiques entre la France et la Roumanie (et inversement) tant en termes de formation que pour l’action publique et/ou civile locale1
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Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in a COVID-19 recovered patient: unravelling an infective sequalae of the SARS-CoV-2 virus
Authors: Shadrach Benhur Joel , Goel Rishabh , Deokar Kunal , Jain Anukool 
Published: April 2021

Dear Editor,
A 55-year-female, house wife, non-smoker, morbidly obese (BMI>35) with no other co-morbidities or pre-existing lung disease presented to the emergency room with complaints of highgrade fever, cough with minimal sputum, progressive breathlessness, streaky haemoptysis, and anorexia for the past 5 days. She was admitted in intensive care unit (ICU) for severe COVID-19 pneumonia three months back and had successfully recovered after 24 days of hospitalization....
Surface characterization and frictional force between stainless steel brackets and archwires in orthodontic patients using chlorhexidine- and Persica-containing mouthrinses
Authors: Razavi Elham-Sadat Emadian , Nik Tahereh Hosseinzadeh , Hooshmand Tabassom , Farazdaghi Habibeh , Arefi Arian Hesam 
Published: April 2021

Background:
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of chlorhexidine- and Persica-containing mouthrinses on the surface characterization of orthodontic appliance and friction between the orthodontic stainless steel wires and brackets.

Materials and Methods:
In this randomized controlled trial, 75 orthodontic patients (aged 13–30) were allocated (n = 25) into two experimental groups (prescribed by Persica- or chlorhexidine-containing mouthrinse) and one control group (no prescription). The ovoid stainless steel archwires were placed, and the maxillary first premolar stainless steel edgewise brackets were ligated to wires by elastomeric rings. The patients were recalled after 2 weeks, and then, the archwires were removed and replaced. The surface analysis of archwires and brackets was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The frictional forces between the archwires and brackets were measured using a universal testing machine. The data for surface roughness were analyzed by the nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests. The frictional forces data were analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test using SPSS software. The level of significance was P < 0.05.

Results:
The retrieved brackets showed minor changes in their surface topography. The surface roughness of archwires after the intervention was significantly greater for the chlorhexidine than that of Persica (P < 0.05). The friction force between the archwires and brackets was also significantly higher for the chlorhexidine than that of Persica (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The Persica-containing mouthrinse from the biomechanical and biochemical standpoints may be a better option for oral hygiene in orthodontic patients compared with the chlorhexidine.
Yoga as a Novel Adjuvant Therapy for Patients with Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies
Authors: Kong Steve S. , Pham Thanh , Fortis Allyson , Raval Alpa , Bhanusali Neha 
Published: April 2021

Context:
Recent studies have demonstrated that physical activity is well tolerated by patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) and can have additional benefits as an adjuvant therapy to pharmacologic agents, especially if started early. To date, no studies have examined the effects of yoga on patients with IIMs.

Aims:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of yoga on self-reported difficulty in performing activities of daily living (ADL) and muscle strength in patients with mild-to-moderate IIMs.

Subjects and Methods:
A longitudinal cohort study in which participants were assessed using the Myositis Activities Profile (MAP) and manual muscle testing (MMT) before and after the completion of an 8-week instructor-guided yoga course was performed.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Wilcoxon signed-ranked test was performed for statistical analysis.

Results:
The average posttreatment MAP scores of six participants demonstrated an increase of 2.51 points, while the average MMT score of four participants demonstrated an increase of 11 points.

Conclusions:
This study is the first study to date to examine the effect of yoga as an adjuvant complementary therapy for patients with IIM. Continued research should be done on the effect of yoga as an adjuvant therapy, for in addition to increase in muscle strength and ability to perform ADL, yoga may offer potential improvements in mood, mental health, and sleep.
Association between Hamstring Flexibility and Sprint Speed after 8 Weeks of Yoga in Male Rugby Players
Authors: Raj Tilak , Hamlin Michael J , Elliot Catherine A 
Published: April 2021

Background:
A Yoga-asana-based intervention has demonstrated its ability to improve flexibility of individuals, but has not been explored in rugby players. We hypothesized that a structured yoga intervention may have an effect on flexibility and sprint performance in male rugby union players.

Methods:
It was a controlled trial research design and players were assigned using random sampling to one of the two groups; a yoga group (n = 16) that practised yoga for 1 h 2 times a week for 8 weeks in addition to their normal rugby training and a control group (n = 15) with regular rugby training but no yoga intervention. Yoga intervention included 32 yoga postures to address both the upper and lower extremities of the body. Data were collected during preseason and mid-season on hamstring flexibility (sit and reach test), and sprint performance (measured at 5, 10, and 30 m).

Results:
One hundred and twenty participants were screened and thirty-one players volunteered for the study. Interactions between groups and differences between pre- and post-intervention scores were analyzed using analysis of variance using SPSS (version 24.0). Significance was set at an alpha level of P = 0.05. The yoga group showed a small nonsignificant decrease (-1.2% ± 21.4%, P = 0.05) in hamstring flexibility compared to the control group which demonstrated a large significant decrease (-14.8% ± 23.7%) (mean % change ± 95% confidence interval [CI], P < 0.05). The yoga group also showed minor nonsignificant improvements in sprint times -3.2% ± 10.4%, -0.7% ± 9.0% for the 5 and 10 m sprints, respectively, (mean % change ± 95% CI) compared to controls -0.4% ± 10.2%, 0.4% ± 7.9%.

Conclusions:
Findings suggest that completing a structured yoga intervention alongside normal rugby training during the rugby season, yoga helped rugby players maintain their hamstring flexibility but did little to improve sprint performance during the season.
Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery
Authors: Ramesh Babu C. S. , Gupta Om Prakash , Kumar Arjun 
Published: April 2021

Introduction:
Aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) arises as the last branch of normally positioned aortic arch and its prevalence estimated as 0.16%–2.0% varies between different ethnic groups. Our aim was to assess the prevalence and associated branching anomalies of ARSA in the Indian participants.

Material and Methods:
Chest computed tomographic scans of 710 patients were analyzed to study the ARSA and its associated vascular anomalies.

Results:
We have observed 11 cases (5 in males and 6 in females) of ARSA with an estimated prevalence of 1.54%. In seven cases, there were four branches arising from the arch of aorta in the order of right common carotid, left common carotid, left subclavian, and aberrant right subclavian. In three cases, there were three branches – bicarotid trunk (common trunk of right and left carotids), left subclavian, and the aberrant right subclavian. In one case, there were five branches in the order of right common carotid, left common carotid, left vertebral, left subclavian, and aberrant right subclavian. Only two participants reported mild symptoms of dysphagia. In all the cases, the ARSA had retroesophageal course. Kommerell diverticulum was not observed. ARSA remain asymptomatic in most cases, but its presence should alert the clinician to look for associated vascular and any cardiac anomalies.

Discussion and Conclusion:
Awareness of the presence of ARSA is crucial for successful outcome of mediastinal, esophageal, and thoracic spine surgeries. Preprocedural computed tomography for the evaluation of aortic arch branching pattern will be beneficial for the successful performance of various surgical and radiological interventions.
High risk of Intraocular Pressure Rise with Difluprednate Post Collagen Cross-Linking for Keratoconus
Authors: Bartolomei Sofia Ramos , Román Lilia Rivera 
Published: April 2021

Purpose:
To report intraocular pressure (IOP) after use of difluprednate ophthalmic solution 0.05% (Durezol®; Novartis AG, Basilea, Switzerland) post corneal cross-linking (CXL) versus prednisolone (Pred-Forte®; Allergan Inc., Irvine, CA, USA).

Methods:
A retrospective single-center case series evaluation of 34 keratoconus patients ages 16-“41 (36 eyes) who underwent CXL with Avedro's KXL System® (Avedro Inc; Waltham, MA) between August 2016 and August 2017. Post-CXL, six eyes were given difluprednate and 30 were given prednisolone. IOP was recorded using Reichert model 30 pneumatonometer. Those that exhibited increased IOP at 3 days were given anti-glaucoma medications and changed to fluorometholone or loteprednol.

Results:
IOP's 3 days' postoperative (24.167 ± 5.23) in the difluprednate group were significantly higher than preprocedure (16.5 ± 2.258). In the prednisolone group, 3 days postprocedure the mean IOP (14.2 ± 3.199) was not significantly higher than preoperatory IOP mean (16.8 ± 4.232). The difference between IOP 3 days' postprocedure and before was 7.667 ± 4.546 for the difluprednate group and 2.567 ± 2.648 for the prednisolone group. These were compared using an unpaired t-test (t value = 3.750 ± 1.297) with P = 0.0007.

Discussion:
This study shows statistically significant difference in postoperative and preoperative IOP values after the use of difluprednate or prednisolone in young patients postCXL. Measuring the pachymetry on follow-up examinations could help see if changes in corneal thickness affect measured IOP. A controlled prospective double-blind study could confirm a greater increase in IOP following difluprednate versus prednisolone use, but due to the high risk, we do not recommend this study.
The prevalence and the most significant sources of occupational burnout syndrome amongst anesthetic technicians in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Almodibeg Bader Ali , Smith Hazel L. 
Published: April 2021

Aims:
To detect the prevalence and the most significant sources of occupational burnout syndrome among anesthetic technicians in Saudi Arabia and draw recommendations that can reduce the level of this syndrome.

Settings and Design:
A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted in a central hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Methods:
Maslach Burnout Inventory and a self-created questionnaire was utilized to survey seventeen anesthesia technicians in order to capture the prevalence and most significant sources of burnout.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Descriptive statistics were utilized to conduct the statistical analysis.

Results:
Occupational burnout syndrome has been found in 29%. A level of emotional exhaustion was critically high in 41.2%. Likewise, a level of depersonalization was extremely high in 58.8%, while 76.5% of anesthetic technicians lacked personal accomplishments. There are several sources perceived by anesthetic technicians as the most significant sources of their occupational burnout syndrome. These sources include staff shortage, high workload, occupational hazards, and poor teamwork. However, the limited career pathway of anesthesia technicians seems to be the main predictor.

Conclusions:
A critically high prevalence of occupational burnout syndrome was found among anesthetic technicians, which is the highest among all studies reviewed worldwide. Several recommendations have been made which require urgent implementation into practice in order to protected practitioners' wellbeing and decrease their rate of turnover. These recommendations include implementing physician-led team-based care, provision of training and resources, fostering equity in a workplace and provision of hazard pay.
Prevalence of vasovagal syncope following bariatric surgery
Authors: Al Obeed Omar A. , Traiki Thamer Bin , Alfahad Yara F. , Abdulla Maha-Hamadien , AlAli Mohamed N. , Alharbi Abdulhamed A. , Alharbi Reem , Nouh Thamer , Hersi Ahmad 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Obesity is a major global public health problem. Observational studies have shown an increasing incidence of syncope and pre-syncope following bariatric surgery in obese patients. However, there is paucity of the true incidence of syncope following bariatrics sugary in the literature.

Methods:
We have randomly surveyed 200 patients who underwent bariatric surgery between 2016-2018 using Calgary Syncope Score (CSS).

Results:
Of the 200 patients enrolled, 107 (53.5%) were female with 167 patients (83.5%) between 18 and 50 years of age. The most-reported comorbidities were diabetes mellitus 26 (13%) hypertension 25 (12.5%) and pulmonary disease 18 (9%). The majority 98 (49%) of the patients had pre-operative body mass index (BMI) of 40–50 kg/m 2, and most of them had laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Sixty-two (31%) patients had vasovagal syncope (VVS), 52 (26%) patients had non-VVS and 86 (43%) had no syncope.

Conclusion:
Vasovagal syncope in patients following bariatric sugary is quite common and affects 15% of bariatric patients in our series in the first year postoperatively. Further randomized controlled trials are required to prove our results.
Effectiveness of pre-anesthetic video information on patient anxiety and economical aspects
Authors: Metterlein Thomas , Wobbe Thomas , Brede Marc-Elmer , Möller Katharina , Röder Daniel , Krannich Jens , Kranke Peter , Tannert Andreas , Broscheit Jens 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Adequate preoperative information can lessen patient anxiety. Delivering sufficient information during a personal interview, however, is time consuming, and therefore a relevant economical aspect. We investigated whether video information given to the patient before the pre-anesthetic interview has an influence on the patient's anxiety and the duration of the interview.

Method:
We randomized 302 patients undergoing different types of anesthesia. In all, 151 patients watched a short video with general information about the anticipated anesthesia procedure. Afterward, all patients had a standard pre-anesthetic interview. Patients' anxiety and satisfaction with pre-anesthesia care were assessed after the interview using a visual analogue scale. The duration of the interview was documented. Student t-test and P < 0.05 for differences between the groups.

Results:
There was no difference in gender, age, ASA physical status, previous anesthesia experience, and the planned anesthesia procedure between the two groups. No difference in anxiety and satisfaction with pre-anesthesia care was observed. The duration of the pre-anesthetic interview was also not different between the groups.

Discussion:
Preoperative multimedia information did not reduce anxiety or increase the patient satisfaction undergoing anesthesia. The video containing general information did not save time in the pre-anesthetic interview.
Retrogasserian radiofrequency thermocoagulation
Authors: Demartini L. , Conversa G. , Bettaglio R. , Bonezzi C. , Marchesini M. 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Trigeminal neuralgia present an incidence rates ranging between 5.9 and 12.6 per 100.000 persons; although not frequent, it is a pathology often characterized by intense pain, an extremely significant reduction in quality of life and medical therapy is not always effective or tolerated. In these cases, the patient can undergo interventional treatments including radiofrequency thermocoagulation. There are still doubts regarding the effectiveness over time, the injury parameters and the repeatability of the procedure.

Materials and Methods:
We analyze patients with trigeminal pain undergo retrogasserian radiofrequency in a single center over a period of 8 years. The procedure was performed with the following parameters: Lesion time 60 sec, lesion temperature 70°C for first thermolesion 72°C for subsequent thermolesions. Duration of benefit, number of repetitions of the maneuver, and incidence of adverse events were assessed.

Results:
Totally, 122 patients with essential trigeminal neuralgia and 20 patients with trigeminal neuralgia secondary to multiple sclerosis were analyzed; almost all patients (96.5%) showed a significant reduction in pain after one or more procedures over time; 96.5 of the patients showed excellent pain relief after 1 (40%) or more procedures (60%). The average time between one procedure and the next was 26 months.

Conclusion:
The use of time and temperature parameters chosen shows excellent efficacy, in line with the literature, with very low incidence of adverse events. The pain-free time between one procedure and the next does not seem to be a significant prognostic criterion which may or may not indicate the repetition of the procedure.
Parasitic helminth infection in anurans from Ozomo Wetland, Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Edo-Taiwo O. , Onyebuolise U.G. 
Published: April 2021

Anurans from Ozomo Wetland were examined for parasitic helminth infection. Among these anurans were Arthroleptis poecilonotus, Arthroleptis sp., Leptopelis occidentalis, L. spiritusnoctus, Sclerophrys maculata, Hoplobatrachus occipitalis, Hyperolius concolor, H. fusciventris burtoni Phase B, Hyperolius sp., Afrixalus dorsalis, Ptychadena bibroni, P. longirostris, P. mascareniensis, P. oxyrhynchus, P. pumilio, Hemisus marmoratus and Silurana tropicalis. The prevalence and intensity of infection recorded in the anurans were 58.2% and 9.5 parasites/infected host, respectively. Eighteen parasite species were recovered and these include the monogeneans (Polystoma aeschilimanni, P. prudhoei and P. prucei); digeneans (Diplodiscus fischthalicus, Metahaematoloechus micrurus and Mesocoelium monodi) and nematodes (Amplicaecum sp., Aplectana sp., Batrachocamallanus siluranae, Camallanus dimitrovi, Chabaudus leberrei, Cosmocerca commutata, C. ornata, Physaloptera sp., Rhabdias africanus, Rhabdias sp., an unidentified nematode and an unidentified oxyurid nematode). These parasites were recovered from different microhabitats (oesophagus/stomach, small intestine, large intestine/rectum lungs and urinary bladder) in the anuran hosts. Nematode was the dominant parasite with 66.7% infection while the monogeneans and digeneans had 16.7% infection each. Metahaematoloechus micrurus recorded in this study had unusually large testes which have not been observed in other specimens recorded elsewhere and there is need for further investigation.
Keywords: anurans, species, farming, logging, deforestation, digeneans, nematodes, prevalence, intensity, Nigeria