bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gene Expression Profiling Of Perineural Invasion In Head And Neck Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Eviston Timothy J. , Minaei Elahe , Mueller Simon A. , Ahmadi Navid , Ashford Bruce , Clark Jonathan R. , West Nicholas , Zhang Ping , Gupta Ruta , Ranson Marie 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Perineural invasion (PNI) is frequently associated with aggressive clinical behaviour in head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (HNcSCC) leading to local recurrence and treatment failure. This study evaluates the gene expression profiles of HNcSCC with PNI using a differential expression analysis approach and constructs a tailored gene panel for sensitivity and specificity analysis. 45 cases of HNcSCC were stratified into three groups (Extensive, Focal and Non PNI) based on predefined clinicopathological criteria. Here we show HNcSCC with extensive PNI demonstrates significant up- and down-regulation of 144 genes associated with extracellular matrix interactions, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, cell adhesion, cellular motility, angiogenesis, and cellular differentiation. Gene expression of focal and non PNI cohorts were indistinguishable and were combined for further analyses. There is clinicopathological correlation between gene expression analysis findings and disease behaviour and a tailored panel of 10 genes was able to identify extensive PNI with 96% sensitivity and 95% specificity.
Maintenance treatment with progesterone gel and the gel base delayed preterm birth more effectively than intravenous tocolysis alone – a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Stjernholm Ylva Vladic , Marchini Giovanna , Vladic Tomislav 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Introduction The aim was to evaluate the effect of maintenance treatment with progesterone gel compared to the gel base in delaying preterm birth among women with spontaneous preterm labor. Materials and Methods A randomized controlled trial in Sweden in 2009 − 18. Women with spontaneous preterm labor were randomized to daily progesterone gel 90 mg (n = 29) or gel base doses (n = 29) after intravenous tocolysis. Results The latency to delivery was 58 ± 34 days with progesterone gel and 64 ± 51 days with gel base (p = 0.83), compared to 2 days after intravenous tocolysis alone (both p < 0.001). The rate of preterm birth before 34 weeks was 34 % after progesterone gel and 38 % after gel base (p = 0.34). The composite neonatal morbidity (p = 0.65) and neonatal intensive care unit admission (p = 0.12) did not differ between the groups. Conclusion Preterm birth was delayed more effectively after both progesterone and gel base compared to intravenous tocoylsis alone, suggesting an effect of the gel base. We conclude, that the acidic gel base reinforced the physiological barrier at the uterine cervix, which counteracted ascending pathogen invasion and thereby delayed preterm birth.
Acute Pancreatitis as Clinical Presentation of COVID-19 in a Patient With HIV Infection – a Case Report.
Authors: Kowalska Justyna D. , Bieńkowski Carlo , Wojtycha-Kwaśnica Beata , Uliczny Paweł , Horban Andrzej 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background:Acute pancreatitis may be caused by many factors such as: viral infections, drugs, alcohol, autoimmune response. SARS-CoV-2 virus requires an angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) transmembrane protein in order to enter the cell. As ACE2 receptors are over 100 times more common in gastrointestinal (GI) tract than in respiratory tract and many SARS-CoV-2 infected patients present GI symptoms. Case presentation:A 26-year-old, HIV-positive man on effective combined antiretroviral therapy with normal CD4+ lymphocyte count level was consulted at the Emergency Department (ER) with mild COVID-19 symptoms, and referred for home isolation. Two weeks later and three weeks from first symptoms, he returned to ER with a three-day history of nausea and pain in the upper abdomen. He had no symptoms of respiratory tract infection, normal peripheral blood oxygenation and chest X-ray. He was admitted to the hospital and diagnosed with acute pancreatitis basing on the Revised Atlanta Classification. After discharge the patient continued to have food intolerance and abdominal discomfort for several weeks, but COVID-19 did not affect his HIV course. Three months post COVID-19 his anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies were negative, and low level of 2 AU/mL of anti-S-RBD IgG antibodies was detected.Conclusions:SASR-CoV-2 infection is the most likely cause of pancreatitis in the presented patient. Several other case reports were published however none in HIV-positive patient. Therefore in COVID-19 patients serum amylase and lipase levels should be included into routine laboratory tests’ panel. Abdominal ultrasound and CECT should be considered as diagnostic tool in patients with abnormal laboratory findings or clinical manifestation suggesting GI tract involvement.
Patient and Clinician experiences and opinions of the use of a novel home use medical device in the treatment of peripheral vascular disease - a qualitative study
Authors: Sedgwick Charlotte E , Growcott Charlotte , Akhtar Shehnaz , Parker Daniel , Pettersen Erik Mulder , Hashmi Farina , Williams Anita Ellen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPeripheral vascular diseases have a significant impact on functional quality of life (QoL). Previous research has demonstrated the complex, limiting and costly economic implications of these conditions such as lower limb ulceration chronicity and ischaemic amputation. These complex, limb and life threatening conditions demand the development of novel interventions with objective research as part of that development. Hence, a novel intermittent negative pressure medical device in the form of a wearable boot (FlowOx™) was developed. As part of the development process, this study aimed to explore patient and clinician opinions of the boot.MethodsA qualitative approach was used to collect patient and clinician experiences in Norway. An advisory group informed the semi-structured questions used in seven patient interviews and one clinician focus group (n = 5). The data were recorded digitally and transcribed verbatim. Patient and clinician data were analysed as distinct groups using a thematic process.ResultsData analysis resulted in five themes from the patients which gave insight into; the impact of the disease process; practicalities of using the boot, positive experiences of use; perceived outcomes; reflecting on use. Six themes were created from the clinicians. These gave insight into; ideal outcomes and how to measure them; ways to potentially use the boot; using research in healthcare; positives of the device; observed effects and next steps; potential improvements to the device.ConclusionThis study provides insight into the experiences and opinions of FlowOx™. Patients and clinicians were positive about the device due to its ease of use. Those patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) experienced significantly more benefit, especially for ischaemic ulceration than those with a chronic venous condition. Clinicians placed value on the patient reported outcomes in the treatment decision-making process. This preliminary study into experiences of FlowOx™ use provides valuable feedback that will inform design modification and ongoing research into implementation points and prospective user groups. FlowOx™ demonstrates potential as a conservative therapy offering users a convenient, home use, self-care management solution for improving symptomatic PAD and quality of life (QoL).
Normalization of HE-Stained Histological Images using Cycle Consistent Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors: Runz Marlen , Rusche Daniel , Weihrauch Martin R , Hesser Jürgen , Weis Cleo-Aron 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Histological images show huge variance (e.g. illumination, color, staining quality) due to diﬀerences in image acquisition, tissue processing, staining, etc. The variance can impede many image analyzes such as staining intensity evaluation or classiﬁcation. Methods to reduce these variances are gathered under the term image normalization. Methods: We present the application of CylceGAN - a cycle consistent Generative Adversarial Network for color normalization in hematoxylin-eosin stained histological images using typical clinical data including variability of internal staining. The network consists of a generator network GB that learns to map an image X from a source domain A to a target domain B, i.e. GB : XA → XB. In addition, a discriminator network DB is trained to distinguish whether an image from domain B is an original or generated one. The same process is applied to another generator-discriminator pair (GA, DA), for the inverse mapping GA : XB → XA. Cycle consistency ensures that the generated image is close to the original image when being mapped backwards (GA(GB(XA)) ≈ XA and vice versa). We validate the CycleGAN approach on a breast cancer challenge and a follicular thyroid carcinoma dataset for various stain variations. We evaluate the quality of the generated images compared to the original images using similarity measures. Results: We present qualitative results of the images generated by our network compared to the original color distributions. Our evaluation shows that by mapping images from a source domain to a target domain, the similarity to original images from the target domain improve up to 96%. We also achieve a high cycle consistency for the inverse mapping by obtaining similarity indices bigger than 0.9. Conclusions: CycleGANs have proven to eﬃciently normalize HE-stained images. The approach enables to compensate for deviations resulting from image acquisition (e.g. diﬀerent scanning devices) as well as from tissue staining (e.g. diﬀerent staining protocols), and thus overcomes the staining variations in images from various institutions. The code is publicly available at https://github.com/m4ln/stainTransfer_CycleGAN_pytorch. The dataset supporting the solutions is available at https://heidata.uni-heidelberg. de/privateurl.xhtml?token=12493b50-1538-4bdf-aca5-03352a1399a8.
Evaluation of the SAMe-TT2R2 score to predict the quality of anticoagulation control in patients after Mitral Valve Replacement
Authors: Li Shubin , Gao Yang , Hu Mingqiu , Li Yuehuan , Meng Xu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background:This study aimed to evaluate the role of SAMe-TT2R2 score in the prediction of anticoagulation control after mechanical mitral valve replacement.Methods and Results:We retrospectively reviewed clinical data of 161 patients who received mechanical mitral valve replacement at Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January 2013 to December 2013. Collected data included general information of patients, medication and smoking, postoperative embolism due to anticoagulant, bleeding complications and death information. In the SAMe-TT2R2 score results, the lowest score was 2 points (6.3%), the highest score was 7 points (0.7%). The number of people with 4 points was the largest ,60 people (41.4%).When the cut-off value of SAMe-TT2R2 score was set to ≥4, the sensitivity and specificity of predicting TTR≥65% were 69.8% and 93.1%, respectively. The Youden index was 0.629. If the cut-off value of SAMe-TT2R2 score was set to ≤4, the sensitivity and specificity of predicting TTR≥65% were 93.0% and 44.1%, respectively, and the Youden index was 0.371.ROC curve evaluates the predictive power of the SAMe-TT2R2 score for TTR≥65%. The figure showed that when the cut-off point≥4, the best combination of sensitivity and specificity was shown (69.8% and 93.1%, respectively).The area under the curve AUC was 0.854.Conclusions:After mechanical mitral valve replacement, the SAME-TT2R2 model can effectively predict the level of TTR during the course of using oral warfarin anticoagulation, and the SAMe-TT2R2 score ≥4 can be used to predict TTR<65%.
Neutralizing autoantibodies to type I IFNs in &gt;10% of patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia hospitalized in Madrid, Spain
Authors: García Jesús Troya , Bastard Paul , Planas-Serra Laura , Ryan Pablo , Ruíz Montse , de Carranza María , Torres Juan , Martínez Amalia , Abel Laurent , Casanova Jean-Laurent , Pujol Aurora 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: In a recent study, autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) were present in at least 10% of cases of critical COVID-19 pneumonia. These autoantibodies neutralized most type I IFNs but rarely IFN-beta.Objectives: We aimed to define the prevalence of autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFN in a cohort of patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia treated with IFN-beta-1b during hospitalization and to analyze their impact on various clinical variables and outcomes.Methods: We analyzed stored serum/plasma samples and clinical data of COVID-19 patients treated subcutaneously with IFN-beta-1b from March to May 2020, at the Infanta Leonor University Hospital in Madrid, Spain. Results: The cohort comprised 47 COVID-19 patients with severe pneumonia, 16 of whom (34%) had a critical progression requiring ICU admission. The median age was 71 years, with 28 men (58.6%). Type I IFN-alpha- and omega-neutralizing autoantibodies were found in 5 of 47 patients with severe pneumonia or critical disease (10.6%). The autoantibodies did not neutralize IFN-beta. No demographic, comorbidity, or clinical differences were seen between individuals with or without autoantibodies. We found a significant correlation between the presence of neutralizing autoantibodies and higher C-reactive protein levels (p=5.10e-03) and lower lymphocyte counts (p=1.80e-02). Survival analysis suggested that neutralizing autoantibodies may increase the risk of death (4/5, 80% vs 12/42, 28.5%).Conclusion: Autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFN underlie severe/critical COVID-19 stages in at least 10% of cases, correlate with increased C-RP and lower lymphocyte counts, and confer a trend towards increased risk of death. Subcutaneous IFN-beta treatment of hospitalized patients did not seem to improve clinical outcome. Studies of earlier, ambulatory IFN-beta treatment are warranted.
Modeling the Determinants of Time-to-Premarital Cohabitation among Women of Ethiopia: A Comparison of Various Parametric Shared Frailty Models
Authors: Gobena Woldemariam Erkalo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Premarital cohabitation is defined as the state of living together and having a sexual relationship without being married. It has become more prevalent globally in recent decades. The main objective of this study was modeling the potential risk factors of time-to-premarital cohabitation among women of Ethiopia by using parametric shared frailty models where regional states of the women were used as a clustering effect in the models.Methods: The data source for the analysis was the 2016 EDHS data. The Gamma and Inverse-Gaussian shared frailty distributions with Exponential, Weibull, Log-logistic and Lognormal baseline models were employed to analyze risk factors associated with age at premarital cohabitation. All the fitted models were compared by using AIC values.Results: The median age of women at premarital cohabitation was 18 years. Based on AIC values, Log-logistic-Gamma shared frailty model has smallest AIC value among the models compared. The clustering effect was significant for modeling the determinants of time-to-premarital cohabitation dataset. The results showed that women’s education status, occupation, pregnancy and place of residence were found to be the most significant determinants of age at premarital cohabitation whereas wealth status and religion were not significant at 5% level.Conclusions: The Log-logistic-Gamma shared frailty model described the premarital cohabitation dataset better than other distributions used in this study. There is heterogeneity between the regions of women. Further studies should be conducted to identify other factors of age at premarital cohabitation of women in Ethiopia that were not included in this study.
A Novel Coverage Improved Deployment Strategy for Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Paulswamy Sathees Lingam , Roobert A.Andrew , Hariharan K. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Coverage of the bounded region gets importance in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). Area coverage is based on effective surface coverage with a minimum number of sensor nodes. Most of the researchers contemplate the coverage region of interest as a square and manifest the radio ranges as a circle. The area of a circle is much higher than the area of a square because of the perimeter. To utilize the advantage of the circle, the coverage region of interest is presumed as a circle for sensor node deployment. This paper proposes a novel coverage improved disc shape deployment strategy. Comparative analysis has been observed between circle and square regions of interest based on the cumulative number of sensor nodes required to cover the entire region. A new strategy named as disc shape deployment strategy is also proposed. Traditional hexagon and strip-based deployment strategies are compared with the disc shape deployment strategy. The simulation result shows that the circle shape coverage region of interest extremely reduces the required number of sensor nodes. The proposed deployment strategy provides desirable coverage, and it requires few more sensor nodes than hexagon shape deployment strategy.
Single cell profiling of transcriptomic changes during in vitro maturation of human oocytes
Authors: Takeuchi Hiroki , Yamamoto Mari , Fukui Megumi , Maezawa Tadashi , Nishioka Mikiko , Kondo Eiji , Ikeda Tomoaki , Matsumoto Kazuya , Miyamoto Kei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In vitro maturation of human oocytes is widely used for infertility treatment. However, the success rate of maturation varies depending on patients and molecular mechanisms underlying successful maturation remain unclear. Especially, gene expression profiles of oocytes at each maturation stage need to be revealed to understand the differential developmental abilities of oocytes. Here, we show transcriptomes of human oocytes during in vitro maturation by single cell RNA-seq analyses. Hundreds of transcripts dynamically altered their expression, and we identify molecular pathways and upstream regulators that may govern oocyte maturation. Furthermore, oocytes that are delayed in their maturation show distinct transcriptomes. Finally, we reveal genes whose transcripts are enriched in each maturation stage and that can be used for selecting an oocyte with a high developmental potential. Taken together, our work uncovers transcriptomic changes during human oocyte maturation and provides a molecular insight into the differential developmental potential of each oocyte.
Prediction Model for Graft Survival After Liver Transplantation Using Aspartate Aminotransferase, Total Bilirubin and Coagulation Factor: ABC Model
Authors: Rhu Jinsoo , Kim Jong Man , Kim Kyunga , Yoo Heejin , Choi Gyu-Seong , Joh Jae-Won 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: This study was designed to build models predicting graft survival after liver transplantation.Methods: Cox regression model for predicting graft survival after liver transplantation using post-transplantation aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, and international normalized ratio of prothrombin time was constructed. The model was compared with Model for Early Allograft Function Scoring (MEAF) and early allograft dysfunction (EAD) criteria.Results: The C-index of the model for living donor (0.73,CI=0.67-0.79) was significantly higher compared to those of both MEAF score (0.69,P=0.03) and EAD criteria. (0.66,P=0.001) while C-index for deceased donor (0.74,CI=0.65-0.83) was significantly higher compared to C-index of EAD criteria. (0.66,P=0.002) Time-dependent AUC at 4 weeks of living donor model (0.93,CI=0.86-0.99) was significantly higher compared to those of both MEAF score (0.87,P=0.02) and EAD criteria. (0.84,P=0.02) Time-dependent AUC at 4 weeks of deceased donor model (0.94,CI=0.89-1.00) was significantly higher compared to both MEAF score (0.82,P=0.02) and EAD criteria. (0.81,P<0.001) Internal validation for both living donor (C-index=0.68, AUC at 2 weeks=0.91, AUC at 4 weeks=0.92) and deceased donor (C-index=0.68, AUC at 2 weeks=0.86, AUC at 4 weeks=0.91) showed competent results. Conclusion: The prediction model for graft survival after liver transplantation showed high predictability and validity with higher predictability compared to traditional models.
Real-World Treatment Results for Ruptured Blood-blister Aneurysm of the Internal Carotid Artery: Analysis of a Japanese Nationwide Multi-Center Study
Authors: Egashira Yusuke , Enomoto Yukiko , Nakayama Noriyuki , Fujimura Miki , Kikkawa Yuichiro , Aihara Masanori , Sorimachi Takatoshi , Mizunari Takayuki , Iwama Toru 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective. Ruptured blood-blister aneurysm (BBA) of the internal carotid artery (ICA) remains a challenging lesion, even in the age of modern neurosurgery and endovascular treatment. This retrospective multicenter study aimed to investigate the real-world treatment choice and treatment results.Methods. We included 182 ruptured BBAs of the ICA treated at 51 neurosurgical centers in Japan between 2013 and 2017. The baseline patient characteristics, radiological features of the aneurysm, treatment modality, details of treatment, complications of treatment, treatment results were retrospectively collected. The treatment strategy was divided into deconstructive and reconstructive procedures. Primary clinical outcomes were evaluated using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at final follow-up.Results. Direct surgery was performed in 144 (79%) cases, and the remaining 38 (21%) cases received endovascular treatment. The majority of treatment selections were deconstructive and reconstructive procedures in the direct surgery group and endovascular treatment group, respectively. Overall, favorable clinical outcomes (mRS 0 to 2) were achieved in 66% of cases, and the mortality rate was 15% at the final follow-up (mean 23 months). There was no significant difference in clinical outcome between direct and endovascular treatment groups. Conclusion. Our large nationwide study compared the real-world treatment options for ruptured BBAs and their results. Our findings may offer beneficial information for treatment decision and for future studies investigating ruptured BBAs.
Studies of Structural and Electrical Characteristics of Multi-substituted Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 Ferroelectric Ceramics
Authors: Arya B. B. , Choudhary R N P 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this communication, preliminary structural and detailed electrical characteristics of the CaSnO3/CaSeO3 modified Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 ceramics of a general chemical composition (1–2x) [Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3] + x (CaSnO3) + x (CaSeO3) with x= 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, prepared by high- temperature solid-state reaction method with calcination and sintering temperature 925 oC and 950oC respectively for 5 h, have been reported. Structural and electrical characteristics of the parent compound have significantly been tailored by the addition of the equal percentage of CaSnO3, CaSeO3 over a wide range of temperature (25oC - 400 oC) as well as frequency (1 kHz-1MHz). Analysis of room temperature X-ray diffraction (XRD) data confirmed the development of single-phase compound (with rhombohedral symmetry) with very small amount of impurity phase with higher concentrations (x). In the dielectric spectroscopy, two dielectric peaks are observed at around temperatures 210 oC and 320 oC indicating multiple phase transitions of different types including the ferroelectric to para-electric through anti-ferroelectric. Impedance analysis of data exhibits both negative/positive temperature coefficient of temperature (i.e., semiconductor behavior) of the materials. The Nyquist plots determine the grain and grain boundary effect in capacitive and resistive properties of the materials, and also the non-Debye type of relaxation. The room temperature hysteresis loop confirms the existence of ferroelectricity in the materials. The leakage current characteristics also determine the Ohmic behavior of the materials.