bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing a patient-centered measure to assess food-related and nutrition-related quality of life in patients with cancer
Authors: Kemp Mackenzie , Beachy Sara , Martin Karla , Worster Brooke , Hass Richard W , Olarewaju Iyaniwura , Berkowitz Seth , Rising Kristin L 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundMalnutrition and food insecurity are common challenges among patients with cancer. Nutrition interventions can support patient nutrition needs and quality of life during cancer treatment, though measures to assess impact of interventions are lacking. In prior work, our team developed a Nutrition Experience Survey to assess patient-important domains related to impact of nutrition interventions during cancer treatment, from which a 9-item food-related and nutrition-related quality-of-life (FN-QoL) measure emerged. In this work, we report results from administering the overall Nutrition Experience Survey, including the FN-QoL measure, to a sample of patients with cancer and present initial validity testing of the FN-QoL measure.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional survey study in which we administered the Nutrition Experience Survey to a convenience sample of English-speaking patients with cancer in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Survey responses were summarised with descriptive statistics. Validity and internal consistency of the FN-QoL measure were evaluated with bivariate correlation matrices and Cronbach’s alpha followed by a multiple linear regression analysis.Results117 individuals completed the survey: mean age 62 (21–90), 49.6% white, 58.3% women. Cronbach’s alpha confirmed adequate internal consistency (0.856) for the FN-QoL. The bivariate correlation matrix indicated that the FN-QoL was correlated with items as expected (eg, poorer subject health ratings,r=−0.48, p<0.001 and nutrition self-efficacy,r=0.38, p<0.05). Multiple linear regression found that receipt of medically tailored meals and treatment-related symptoms were related to FN-QoL when adjusting for all other variables.ConclusionResults suggest validity and potential utility of the FN-QoL measure to assess impact of food and nutrition interventions on quality of life among patients with cancer. Future work should assess applicability of this tool across populations who do not have cancer and sensitivity of this measure to change over time related to receipt of nutrition interventions.
Non-utilisation of postpartum services in northwestern Nigeria: analyses of trend and social determinants from 2003 to 2018
Authors: Yakubu Abubakar Abbani , Sawangdee Yothin , Widyastari Dyah Anantalia , Hunchangsith Pojjana 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of non-utilisation of postpartum services in northwestern Nigeria from 2003 to 2018 and to identify and estimate the influence of social determinants, a crucial step in improving maternal and child health in the region.DesignThe 2003, 2008, 2013 and 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey rounds were used. Descriptive, trend and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to show the trend and assess the influence of social determinants. The sample consisted of 17 294 women aged 15–49 who responded to questions on postpartum attendance during the period.SettingNorthwestern geographical subregion of Nigeria.OutcomeThe non-use of postpartum services.ResultsThe non-utilisation of postpartum services has increased from 77% in 2003 to 87% in 2018, with an overall prevalence of 88% of all women not using the services. The odds of not using postpartum services were higher for women with no education (adjusted OR (AOR): 1.27; CI: 1.03 to 1.58), those with no knowledge of contraceptives (AOR: 1.72; CI: 1.35 to 2.19), those who never used contraceptives (AOR: 1.71; CI: 1.39 to 2.09), those with parity of four or more births (AOR: 1.58; CI: 1.34 to 1.86), those in polygynous marriage (AOR: 1.16; CI: 1.03 to 1.30) and those from the poorest (AOR: 2.34; CI: 1.67 to 3.28) and poorer (AOR: 2.05; CI: 1.50 to 2.78) households. The odds were lower for women who wanted to delay pregnancy (AOR: 0.74; CI: 0.55 to 0.99) and those with full (AOR: 0.56; CI: 0.42 to 0.75) or joint (AOR: 0.67; CI: 0.53 to 0.83) autonomy in healthcare decisions.ConclusionThe findings are crucial for understanding and addressing the non-utilisation of postpartum services in northwestern Nigeria. Policymakers should aim to address the impacts of the identified social determinants to promote the use of postpartum services, prevent maternal deaths and meet the SDG-3.1 target.
Prevalence of hearing loss and factors associated with hearing loss in Ethiopia: findings from the 2023 National Ethiopia Hearing Survey
Authors: Meshesha Alene , Fröschl Uta , Kebede Michael , Biratu Tolesa Diriba , Worku Yoseph , Hunduma Fufa 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence and associated factors of hearing loss in Ethiopia, considering socioeconomic conditions, regional variations and age-related impacts.DesignNationwide cross-sectional survey.SettingData were collected from 2 February to 10 June 2023, covering all regions of Ethiopia except Tigray (due to security concerns).ParticipantsA sample of 3000 households and 7061 individuals aged 5 years and above was selected using a multistage sampling procedure. Eligible participants had resided in the area for at least 6 months. Exclusions included visitors, critically ill individuals and those with communication difficulties.Outcome measuresHearing loss was defined as an average hearing threshold >20 dB in the better ear at frequencies of 0.5 kHz, 1 kHz, 2 kHz and 4 kHz, measured using pure-tone audiometry. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine factors associated with hearing loss.ResultsThe overall prevalence of hearing loss among individuals aged 5+ years was 18.4%. The prevalence was 8.1% among children aged 5–14 years and 73.7% among adults aged 60+ years. Factors significantly associated with hearing loss included being over 60 years old (adjusted OR (AOR)=51.41; 95% CI 36.95, 71.53), having no formal education (AOR=2.12; 95% CI 1.47, 3.08), ear discharge (AOR=3.01; 95% CI 2.07, 4.38), wax presence (AOR=1.92; 95% CI 1.53, 2.40), and tympanic membrane abnormality (AOR=17.17; 95% CI 12.27, 24.02). Participants from the Harari (AOR=3.25; 95% CI 1.85, 5.72) and Somali (AOR=2.37; 95% CI 1.49, 3.77) regions were more likely to experience hearing loss compared with those from other regions.ConclusionsHearing loss is highly prevalent in Ethiopia, influenced by both modifiable and non-modifiable factors. Regional disparities in hearing loss suggest a need for targeted interventions. Evidence-based policies and strategies are essential to reduce ear diseases, improve hearing care services, and address disparities in hearing health across regions.
Gender-affirming care education in pharmacy: a scoping review protocol of practices in Canada and the USA
Authors: Jackman Liam , Kamran Rakhshan 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionGender-affirming care refers to a range of social, psychological, medical and/or surgical interventions provided to affirm one’s gender. Pharmacists play a key role in gender-affirming care and are involved with choosing optimal treatments, monitoring progress/side-effects and providing education. However, it is currently unknown what gender-affirming care education is provided to pharmacy students and pharmacists according to information available in published literature. This is important to identify potential education gaps in pharmacy curricula and an understanding of the current state of gender-affirming care education in pharmacy.Methods and analysisThis scoping review protocol follows guidance from Arksey and O’Malley and Levac and colleagues. The population, concept and context framework are used to specify the research question and subsequently the search strategy. Database searching will occur across four databases: Medline, Embase, APA PsycINFO and Scopus; with the search date ranging from inception to 1 January 2025. Eligible studies will include pharmacy students or pharmacists, and examine the presence of gender-affirming care pharmacy education in Canada and the USA. There are no restrictions to date. Article screening and extraction will occur independently and in duplicate. Educational interventions, gender-affirming care content and recommendations extracted from each article will be narratively synthesised. This work is undertaken with patients and public involvement.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required as this is a review of published studies and does not collect any human data. Results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication and conference presentations.
Value of ctDNA in surveillance of adjuvant chemosensitivity and regimen adjustment in stage III colon cancer: a protocol for phase II multicentre randomised controlled trial (REVISE trial)
Authors: Zhou Jiahao , Huang Jun , Zhou Zikai , Fan Rui , Deng Xiangbing , Qiu Meng , Wu Qingbin , Wang Ziqiang 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThe standard of care for stage III colon cancer is 3 or 6 months of double-drug regimen chemotherapy following radical surgery. However, patients with positive circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) exhibit a high risk of recurrence risk even if they receive standard adjuvant chemotherapy. The potential benefit of intensified adjuvant chemotherapy, oxaliplatin, irinotecan, leucovorin and fluoropyrimidine (FOLFOXIRI), for ctDNA-positive patients remains to be elucidated.Methods and analysisThis multicentre phase II randomised controlled trial aims to investigate the utility of ctDNA in monitoring chemosensitivity and to preliminarily assess whether intensified chemotherapy with FOLFOXIRI can increase ctDNA clearance and improve survival outcomes. A total of 60 eligible patients with stage III colon cancer exhibiting postoperatively positive ctDNA before and after two cycles of oxaliplatin and capecitabine (XELOX) will be randomly assigned to continue five additional cycles of XELOX (control arm) or switch to eight cycles of FOLFOXIRI (experimental arm). This sequential approach is designed to escalate treatment for patients with persistent ctDNA positivity while avoiding overtreatment in those who may respond well to standard chemotherapy. The primary endpoint is the change in ctDNA concentration, defined as the difference between the ctDNA concentration measured after two cycles of XELOX and after the completion or termination of chemotherapy. Secondary endpoints include the ctDNA clearance rate, 2-year disease-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival, chemotherapy-related side effects and quality of life.Ethics and disseminationThis trial has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the West China Hospital, Sichuan University (approval number: 20231998). The findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and presentations at scientific conferences.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06242418, registered on 27 January 2024).
Use of predictive severity scoring for lower gastrointestinal bleeding in a high-volume unit
Authors: Boyle Connor , Balfour James , Yao Sarina , Ventham Nicholas T 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionLower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) has an estimated annual incidence of 33–87/100 000 in the UK, accounting for 3% of emergency surgical referrals. British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) recommend risk scoring for LGIB to categorise severity and plan management. Experience in a tertiary centre suggests this potentially overestimates the severity of bleeding and requirement for inpatient admission.MethodData were retrospectively collected for all patients referred from primary care or emergency departments with LGIB from 1 May 2020 to 1 April 2021. Demographics and Oakland score (OS), recommended in BSG guidelines, were collected. OS >8 suggests admission. Outcomes following referral, including admission, discharge, blood transfusion and radiological/surgical intervention, were assessed.Results294 patients were assessed. 176 patients (59.9%) were admitted for further management. The median OS for admitted patients was 12 (IQR 9–17). 30 patients (10.2%) required blood transfusion, and three required radiological/surgical intervention (1%). 118 (40.1%) patients were discharged. The median OS was 10 (IQR 8–12). 80 patients discharged had a score >8, recommending admission; four patients required readmission (5.0%); however, none required intervention. 38 patients were discharged with a score ≤8; again, patients (10.5%) required readmission for LGIB, with none requiring intervention. Fisher’s exact test showed no statistical significance between OS and readmission (p=0.22).ConclusionRisk assessment scoring recommended admission for a large cohort of patients safely discharged after initial assessment in our centre. A small number required readmission; however, none suffered significant adverse outcomes. Further investigation should assess whether such scoring systems are too cautious for use in specialist LGI/colorectal centres.
Artisse intrasaccular device for intracranial aneurysm treatment: a technical video case
Authors: De Toledo Otavio F , Gutierrez-Aguirre Salvador F , Lara-Velazquez Montserrat , Rodriguez-Erazu Fernanda , Killer-Oberpfalzer Monika , Hanel Ricardo A 
Published: January 2025

The Artisse intrasaccular device (Medtronic) offers a novel treatment option for unruptured and ruptured wide-neck bifurcating intracranial aneurysms.1 2The Artisse device features enhancements including a distal tip for dome protection, platinum band markers for improved visibility, and a bilayer high-density platinum core nitinol mesh basket for enhanced flexibility and visibility when compared with previous devices.2–7 Data from case series demonstrate the procedural safety and efficacy of the Artisse device.1 2 This versatile flared-shape intrasaccular device can be used alongside products such as the Rebar microcatheter 18 and Navien.2 In Europe, an adequate occlusion rate of 78% at 12 months and 79.2% at 36 months follow-up has been shown.3 8 This video documents the embolization of a wide-neck unruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysm using the Artisse device, where Sim&Size was used for proper sizing (video 1).4 9 The procedure was uneventful, achieving successful device deployment with no parent vessel compromise.Video 1Artisse intrasaccular device for intracranial aneurysm treatment—first in the USA
How to use the Artisse intrasaccular device
Authors: Lynch Jeremy , Mohd Shariq , Londhe Shrikant , Bellam Premnath Krishna Prasad , Lewis Martin , Sciacca Sara , Patankar Tufail 
Published: January 2025

Intrasaccular flow disruption has become established for the treatment of wide necked and bifurcation aneurysms. The most successful current devices are the WEB (Microvention) and Contour (Stryker). The Artisse (Medtronic) is a novel intrasaccular device designed to treat a variety of aneurysm morphologies. The first generation Artisse device was used in clinical trials in 2016.1 This device has now been significantly modified, and this video discusses the second generation (video 1). The current device features a dual layer, 72 wire mesh basket. It includes an atraumatic, off-center distal tip to prevent aneurysm dome damage during deployment, and proximal and distal marker bands for improved visibility. There are currently limited sizes of the device compared with the WEB. Deployment is via a 0.021 inch microcatheter. This technical video discusses the device with the aid of an illustrative case of an middle cerebral artery aneurysm.Video 1 The Artisse device.
Outcomes of venous sinus stenosis stenting in patients with pulsatile tinnitus and sigmoid sinus wall anomalies
Authors: Abdalkader Mohamad , Klein Piers , Nguyen Thanh N 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundTransverse sinus stenosis (TSS) and sigmoid sinus wall anomalies (SSWAs) are the most common causes of pulsatile tinnitus (PT). While these conditions may co-occur, they usually require different management approaches. This study aims to evaluate whether TSS stenting alone, without targeted treatment of SSWAs, is sufficient to resolve PT in patients presenting with PT, TSS, and SSWAs.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of consecutive patients diagnosed with PT, TSS, and SSWAs who underwent transvenous endovascular treatment between September 2020 and January 2024. The primary outcome was treatment success at 3 months, defined as complete resolution of baseline PT. Secondary outcomes included treatment success at 24 hours and 1 year, PT recurrence within 1 year, and major complications.ResultsThirty-three patients with PT, TSS, and SSWAs underwent 38 procedures. Among these, 14 cases (36.8%) had dehiscence alone, 3 cases (7.9%) with diverticulum alone, and 20 cases (52.6%) involved both dehiscence and diverticulum. Stenting alone was performed in 25 cases (65.8%), stent-assisted coiling in 9 cases (23.7%), and coiling alone in 4 cases (10.5%). The primary outcome of complete resolution of PT at 3 months was achieved in 86.1% (31/36) of cases, with partial resolution in an additional 13.9% (5/36) of cases. There was no difference in outcomes between cases of isolated stenting and those involving coiling or stent-assisted coiling.ConclusionTransverse sinus stenting alone, without dedicated treatment of SSWAs, resolves PT in patients with TSS and SSWAs. These results support the growing evidence that SSWAs are secondary to TSS in patients with PT and/or idiopathic intracranial hypertension, suggesting that additional interventions like coiling or surgery of SSWAs may be unnecessary.
Probing active-sterile neutrino transition magnetic moment on coherent elastic solar neutrino-nucleus scattering
Authors: Demirci M. , Mustamin M. F. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn the presence of a transition magnetic moment between active and sterile neutrinos, sterile neutrinos could be produced by neutrino beams electromagnetically upscattering on nuclei. We study the active-sterile neutrino transition magnetic moment through this upscattering in the coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering process induced by solar neutrinos. We place new limits on the transition magnetic moment-sterile neutrino mass plane using the latest data from the CDEX-10 experiment. We also provide projected sensitivities for future measurements. We observe that the projected sensitivities could cover some regions of the parameter space which were previously unexplored for the sterile neutrino mass up to $$\sim 10$$

∼
10

MeV.
TOP1 Mutations and Cross-Resistance to Antibody–Drug Conjugates in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Abelman Rachel O. , Wu Bogang , Barnes Haley , Medford Arielle , Norden Bryanna , Putur Annika , Bitman Elena , Thant Win , Liu Ting , Weipert Caroline , Fell Geoffrey , Spring Laura M. , Wander Seth A. , Moy Beverly , Vidula Neelima , Isakoff Steven J. , Varkaris Andreas , Juric Dejan , Corcoran Ryan B. , Ellisen Leif W. , Bardia Aditya 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose:
Antibody–drug conjugates (ADC) harboring topoisomerase I (TOP1) inhibitor payloads have improved survival for patients with metastatic breast cancer. However, knowledge of ADC resistance mechanisms and potential impact on the sequential use of ADCs is limited. In this study, we report the incidence and characterization of TOP1 mutations arising in the setting of ADC resistance in metastatic breast cancer.

Experimental Design:
Patients with metastatic breast cancer treated with ADCs with available posttreatment plasma-based genotyping were included. TOP1 mutation incidence, mutant allele frequency, and functional characterization were assessed, and incidence was compared with that in patients with metastatic breast cancer not receiving ADC treatment and in The Cancer Genome Atlas.

Results:
Plasma-based genotyping identified distinct TOP1 mutations (S57C, R364H, W401C, and G359E) in 12.9% of patients (4/31) at the time of disease progression on ADC, compared with 0.7% (3/420) in non–ADC-treated patients with metastatic breast cancer and 0.5% in The Cancer Genome Atlas. The appearance of mutations was associated with clinical cross-resistance, as median duration on the first ADC was 455 versus 52 days for the second ADC. The functional characterization of three novel TOP1-mutant proteins demonstrated that all exhibited reduced enzymatic activity, attenuated covalent DNA binding, and resistance to TOP1 inhibitor ADC payloads SN38 and deruxtecan.

Conclusions:
We describe the recurrent emergence of functionally altered, resistance-associated TOP1 mutations in vivo under selective pressure from ADCs and the potential impact on mediating cross-resistance to sequential ADCs. TOP1 mutation may represent a biomarker of resistance in this setting, and additional work is needed to optimize biomarkers and ADC payload design to improve outcomes for the sequential use of ADCs.
Effects of the Arrangement and Height Variability of Roughness Obstacles on the Structure and Intensity of Tornado-Like Vortices
Authors: Sato Hiroki , Takemi Tetsuya 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
To reveal the effects of surface roughness on the structure and intensity of tornadic flow, we conducted numerical simulations, in which the horizontal density and height of obstacles were controlled independently. Simulation with a low external swirl ratio produced a tornado-like vortex with a narrow core radius. For this low-swirl vortex, when the horizontal density of obstacles was varied while the obstacle height was maintained, the lowest value of maximum tangential wind speed was achieved at a moderate horizontal density; a greater horizontal density led to an increase in the maximum tangential wind speed. By contrast, an increase in obstacle height always resulted in a lower maximum tangential wind speed. The mechanisms underlying such results were considered from the viewpoint of angular momentum depletion. Tall and moderately densely distributed obstacles generated a large amount of depleted angular momentum flux, which thickened the low angular momentum layer inside the corner flow region and the core region of the vortices. As a result, the maximum tangential wind speed decreased in association with the decrease in the radial gradient of angular momentum. Additional simulations were then run with a higher external swirl ratio, which resulted in vortices with a wider core radius. Even the roughness distribution with the highest and moderately dense obstacles did not notably reduce the intensity of the higher-swirl vortex, while the flow structure changed in larger scale. The results of this study suggest that urban roughness with a moderate density of tall buildings may weaken low swirl, thin tornadoes but does not preclude high swirl, wide tornadoes, at least through vortex-scale processes.

Significance Statement
In this study, we investigate the frictional effects of surface roughness on the intensity and the structure of tornado-like vortices in vortex-scale processes from computational fluid simulations that directly resolve the roughness obstacles. We show that the influence of roughness is maximized when tall obstacles are distributed at a moderate density, such as in urban terrain. This is considered to be because the intensity of the tornado-like vortices is dominated by the angular momentum stratification inside the central region of the vortices, which is strongly influenced by the surface flow at a depth of a similar length scale. This study indicates that small-scale topography, which is not always fully resolved in meteorological models, has a nonnegligible influence on tornado intensity.