bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
User‐centered development of a worker guidance system for a flexible production line
Authors: Stockinger Christopher , Stuke Fokko , Subtil Ilka 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWorker guidance systems are digital assistance systems in production, which provide work‐related information and, thus, guide employees through production processes. This article describes the user‐centered development of such a worker guidance system for a flexible production line in a metrology company. Usage context analysis and requirements analysis illustrate the need for a simple and independent system that can be used voluntarily by employees. After two iterations of the human‐centered design process, an interactive software prototype was created and implemented on a tablet personal computer. In this prototype, all essential process and assembly information in the flexible production line is available to the employees in the form of text descriptions and pictures as step‐by‐step instructions, which can be selected via two‐step navigation. The final evaluation was conducted as a user study with N = 10 assembly workers in the flexible production line under realistic conditions and was also intended to find out at which level of detail the information should be displayed in the system. The system scored well on the system usability scale (between 65.8 and 70.8) and concerning acceptance. Using the worker guidance system, no assembly faults occurred during the user study. Due to the significantly shorter assembly time, but no further significant differences, it was decided to set up the less detailed assembly information as a standard in the system. However, employees can call up more detailed information, if necessary. This system will be used by the company in the future.
A comparative series solutions of Japanese encephalitis model using differential transform method and variational iteration method
Authors: Baniya Vinod , Keval Ram 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this study, a deterministic mathematical model involving the transmission dynamics of Japanese encephalitis (JE) is presented and studied. The biologically feasible equilibria and their stability properties have been discussed. This study investigates a series of solutions to the system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) in the transmission dynamics of JE. To get approximate series solutions of the JE model, we employed the differential transform method (DTM) and variational iteration method (VIM). DTM utilizes the transformed function of the original JE model, while VIM uses the general Lagrange multiplier to develop the correction functional for the JE model. The results show that the VIM solution is more accurate than the DTM solution for short intervals of time. In addition, the fractional compartmental model of JE is briefly discussed. We illustrated the profiles of the solutions of each of the compartments, from which we found that the fourth‐order Runge–Kutta method solutions are more accurate than the DTM and VIM solutions for long intervals of time.
Heat generation/absorption on MHD flow of a micropolar fluid over a heated stretching surface in the presence of the boundary parameter
Authors: Bejawada Shankar Goud , Khan Zafar Hayat , Hamid Muhammad 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA model study is reported to examine the effect of magnetic hydrodynamics polar fluid over a semistretched infinite vertical porous surface in the presence of heat source, temperature, magnetic field, and thermal radiation. The governing dimensional partial differential equations are transformed into an ordinary differential equation set by introducing the similarity variables. The reduced model is numerically solved via Runge–Kutta fourth order along with the shooting technique. The effects of various physical parameters on coefficient of skin friction, microrotation coefficient, and Nusselt number are studied whereas the outcomes are explained through a set of graphs. The results obtained are explained in tabular form and graphs. Prandtl and Hartman's numbers enhance the velocity profile while the opposite behavior is noticed for . Higher values of Pr enlarge the angular velocity near the surface. Improved temperature distribution is noticed for higher values of Ha and ϕ, However, a declined behaviour is observed for , and .
Creating a “Community of Information Practice” for improved routine health data management in Resource Constrained Setting: The case of Mbingo Primary Healthcare facility, South Africa
Authors: Asah Flora Nah 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIntrigued by the outstanding performances of a rural health care facility in relation to data management and use, recognized by the KwaZulu‐Natal Ministerial Award in 2017 and 2018, respectively, we draw on an interpretive case study to further our understanding of the role of the healthcare managers in this and the context in which they operated. The performance of the healthcare facility in relation to data management and use could be traced to the cultivation of a “Community of Information Practice” around data management and the leadership style of the healthcare manager and the commitment of the staff. The study highlights the healthcare manager as pivotal in strengthening a data use culture in resource‐constrained healthcare settings. This paper presents a practical approach in operationalizing health indicators in resource‐constrained settings. This paper contributes to CoP by extending the role of the facilitator beyond the usual role as organizer of meetings to champions of the CoP. The paper concludes that healthcare managers are change agents, who make sense of changes with their colleagues, by sharing knowledge and experiences in a way that allows continuous learning to take place, creating a sustainable context for continuous use of health data.
Understanding and perception of direct‐to‐consumer genetic testing in Hong Kong
Authors: Hui Vivian C. C. , Li H. C. , Chow Josh H. K. , Ng Chris S. C. , Lui Constance Y. W. , Fung Jasmine L. F. , Mak Christopher C.Y. , Chung Brian H. Y. , Lau Kui Kai 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDirect‐to‐consumer genetic testing (DTCGT) is gaining popularity in Hong Kong (HK). As DTCGT forgoes specialist medical involvement, healthcare professionals have raised concerns regarding its validity, utility, and the public's ability to interpret DTCGT results. Thus, genetic counseling (GC) is recommended to facilitate understanding of DTCGT. This study aimed to investigate HK public's perception toward DTCGT and the importance of GC in DTCGT. A total of 304 HK adults were invited to complete a 37‐item survey online. Participants’ genomic literacy, understanding and attitude toward DTCGT and GC, and responses to a mock DTCGT scenario were assessed. 48% of participants were aware of DTCGT while 82% indicated an interest. 30% of participants were aware of GC services in HK; 49% were interested in GC services for understanding DTCGT results. Participants scored on average 7.6/11 in the genomic sequencing knowledge scale and were weak in limitations of genomic testing. In the mock DTCGT scenario, 73% of participants expressed concern with the positive results initially. After being explained limitations of DTCGT, 40% of participants reported decreased concern. Reduced perceived helpfulness in medical management and lifestyle modification were also reported by 35% and 27%, respectively. This HK population demonstrated a high level of awareness and interest in DTCGT. As potential DTCGT users, they might experience excess concern and overestimate the usefulness of positive DTCGT results, particularly in medical management. The importance of GC to educate and guide interpretation of DTCGT results is supported; yet the awareness and access of GC services is inadequate in HK.
Monitoring the differentiation of dimethyl sulfoxide‐induced human leukemia (HL‐60) cells by Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Zhao Yingjia , Zhang Yunyun , Liang Xinyue , Liu Shupeng , Cao Xiumei , Chen Na , Chen Zhenyi , Yan Jianshe 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRaman spectroscopy has been widely used in biology and medicine for the analysis of biochemical components such as nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids. We exploited the application of the Raman spectroscopy to the monitoring of the process of cell differentiation. Human promyelocytic leukemia (HL‐60) cells were differentiated into granulocytes by dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) treatment. Raman spectra, in parallel with the changes of morphology and antigen expression of cells, were analyzed in the cells during differentiation. We found that there is a correlation between the differential stages and Raman characteristic regions related to macromolecular substances. Furthermore, we employed the support vector machine to distinguish the spectra of undifferentiated and differentiated HL‐60 cells and found that the average classification accuracy exceeded 84%. The results suggested that Raman spectroscopy may have potential application in monitoring cell differentiation.
Fresh and saline submarine groundwater discharge in a large coastal inlet affected by seasonal upwelling
Authors: Ibánhez J. Severino P. , Álvarez‐Salgado Xosé Antón , Nieto‐Cid Mar , Rocha Carlos 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSubmarine groundwater discharge is recognized as a major source of chemicals to the global ocean, exerting large control over coastal water composition. Radon and 226Ra are used to evaluate, for the first time, the occurrence and magnitude of submarine groundwater discharge in the Ría de Vigo, a large, highly productive embayment affected by seasonal, wind‐driven upwelling. The system is naturally enriched in 222Rn due to the regional granitic basement geology: high 222Rn activities (up to 106 Bq m−3) are detected in wells and boreholes in the drainage basin of the embayment. High 222Rn activities (>400 Bq m−3) are also measured in certain areas of the embayment. Comparatively lower 226Ra activities (<4 103 Bq m−3) were measured in the freshwater sources to the bay. Mass balances obtained with a box model are used to perform a volumetric estimate of fresh and saline submarine groundwater discharge in the Ría de Vigo under contrasting circulation patterns. Fresh groundwater is shown to be a relevant hydrological component of the Ria de Vigo water balance, equivalent to 9% ± 4% and 23% ± 9% of the volume discharged by tributary rivers during winter and summer, respectively. On the other hand, recirculation of seawater through permeable sediments is capable of filtering the entire upper volume of the Ria de Vigo through its seafloor in <100 days and might thus be a previously overlooked major source of regenerated solutes to the system.
New Dithiazole Side Chain Benzodithiophene Containing D–A Copolymers for Highly Efficient Nonfullerene Solar Cells
Authors: Keshtov Muhammed L. , Konstantinov Ionv O. , Ostapov ILya E. , Khokhlov Alexei R. , Alekseev Vladimir G. , Xie Zhiyuan , Dahiya Hemraj , Sharma Ganesh D. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTo examine the effects of pendent alkyl chain on the benzodithiophenedione (BDD) acceptor in the donor–acceptor (D–A) conjugated copolymers, two D–A copolymers with same thiazole ring substituted benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene (BDTTz) and different acceptors BDD with two pendent alkyl units PBDTTz‐BDD and one pendent alkyl unit in benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐c′]dithiophene‐4,8‐dione (BDTD) PBDTTz‐BDTD are synthesized. There is small effect on the optical properties but significant effect on the intermolecular π–π stacking, charge transport, and photovoltaic performance. PBTTz‐BDTD (with one pendent alkyl chain) on the BDD exhibits smaller π–π stacking distance as compared to PBDTTz‐BDD (with two pendent alkyl chains). The balanced charge carrier mobilities for the PBDTTZ‐BDTD based blends than those for PBDTTz‐BDD based blends are beneficial for suppressing the recombination processes, resulting in higher short circuit current and fill factor for the polymer solar cells (PSCs) based on PBDTTz‐BDTD. Combined with BThIND or Y6 as acceptor, PBDTTZ‐BDTD based PSCs show power conversion efficiency of 12.85% and 14.08%, respectively, which are larger than that for PBDTTz‐BDD counterparts (10.46% and 10.90% for BThIND and Y6, respectively). Thus, the photovoltaic performance of the D–A copolymer donors can be regulated through the slight variations of the pendent alkyl chains in the BDD acceptor unit.
Nitro‐Carbazole Based Oxime Esters as Dual Photo/Thermal Initiators for 3D Printing and Composite Preparation
Authors: Liu Shaohui , Graff Bernadette , Xiao Pu , Dumur Frédéric , Lalevée Jacques 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA series of Type I photoinitiators (PIs) based on a nitrocarbazole scaffold are developed and examined for the first time as photoinitiators for visible light photopolymerization. Three oxime esters (OXE‐M, OXE‐V, OXE‐P) varying by the terminal groups (acetyl, acryloyl and benzoyl) attached via the oxime ester group are originally prepared. As a result of this, the three PIs exhibit excellent photoinitiation abilities in the presence of acrylate monomers upon LED@ 405 nm irradiation. Markedly, OXE‐M exhibits a better performance than the benchmark Type I phosphine‐oxide (diphenyl(2,4,6‐trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide TPO). Chemical mechanisms supporting the polymerization process with these PIs are investigated by steady state photolysis, molecular orbital calculations and real‐time Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy. After the cleavage of N─O bond and decarboxylation, free radicals are generated to initiate the free radical polymerization efficiently. Free radical photopolymerization of OXE‐M is applied in direct laser write and 3D printing. Interestingly, OXE‐M exhibits thermal initiation behaviors in monomers and can be used as dual photo and thermal initiators. The highly opaque feature of carbon fibers makes it difficult for light penetration, so dual photo/thermal curing are used here to prepare carbon fiber composites.
Development of an L‐band resonator optimized for fast scan EPR imaging of the mouse head
Authors: Samouilov Alexandre , Komarov Denis , Petryakov Sergey , Iosilevich Arkadiy , Zweier Jay L. 
Published: May 2021

PurposeTo develop a novel resonator for high‐quality fast scan electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and EPR/NMR co‐imaging of the head and brain of mice at 1.25 GHz.MethodsResonator dimensions were scaled to fit the mouse head with maximum filling factor. A single‐loop 6‐gap resonator of 20 mm diameter and 20 mm length was constructed. High resonator stability was achieved utilizing a fixed position double coupling loop. Symmetrical mutually inverted connections rendered it insensitive to field modulation and fast scan. Coupling adjustment was provided by a parallel‐connected variable capacitor located at the feeding line at λ/4 distance. To minimize radiation loss, the shield around the resonator was supplemented with a planar conductive disc that focuses return magnetic flux.ResultsCoupling of the resonator loaded with the mouse head was efficient and easy. This resonator enabled high‐quality in vivo 3D EPR imaging of the mouse head following intravenous infusion of nitroxide probes. With this resonator and rapid scan EPR system, 4 ms scans were acquired in forward and reverse directions so that images with 2‐scan 3,136 projections were acquired in 25 s. Head images were achieved with resolutions of 0.4 mm, enabling visualization of probe localization and uptake across the blood–brain barrier.ConclusionsThis resonator design provides good sensitivity, high stability, and B1 field homogeneity for in vivo fast scan EPR of the mouse head and brain, enabling faster measurements and higher resolution imaging of probe uptake, localization, and metabolism than previously possible.
A combined experimental–numerical approach for permeability characterization of engineering textiles
Authors: Schmidt Tim , May David , Duhovic Miro , Widera Aaron , Hümbert Martina , Mitschang Peter 
Published: May 2021

AbstractExtensive experimental test programs are required for the characterization of textile permeability, which is essential for the design of liquid composite molding processes. In this study, an experimental–numerical approach is presented, aiming to partially substitute experiments by numerical simulations. This approach uses 3D microscale simulations to evaluate the permeability within rovings and attribute these values to statistical volume elements of the textile at the mesoscale. To further improve accuracy, a calibration method has been defined. In order to validate the functionality of this approach the permeability of a glass fiber woven and a non‐crimp fabric at fiber volume contents (FVCs) between 50 and 60% were predicted. For the non‐calibrated but virtually compacted models with FVCs of 55 and 60%, the deviation ranges from −27% to +42%. This seems acceptable considering the typical scatter in experimental tests, for example, a CV of 20–50% was measured in recent permeability benchmarks. The numerically determined permeability was then used as input for numerical filling simulations at part level (macroscale). The resulting filling times were then compared to results of simulations based on experimental input values.
Syrian trajectories of exile in Lebanon and Turkey: Context of reception and social class
Authors: Bélanger Danièle , Ouellet Myriam , Saraçoğlu Cenk 
Published: May 2021

AbstractResearch on refugee trajectories rarely takes into account social class. Yet migration options for those fleeing conflicts and insecurity are more or less dangerous, desirable and doable and differences in trajectories have to do with people's ability to mobilise resources at a given time and in a given space. Based on 42 semistructured interviews conducted with Syrians who fled to Lebanon and Turkey between 2012 and 2017, this article focuses on how trajectories of exile are shaped by the interactions between social class and the specificities of the context of reception. These countries are similar to the extent that they both border Syria and host the largest numbers of Syrian refugees worldwide. Yet their respective policies, as well as their unique historical, legal and socio‐economic contexts, create different impacts on refugee trajectories and refugees' experience of inequality. We argue that as a result of the different contexts of reception for Syrians in Lebanon and Turkey, refugees' strategies to reduce precarity also differ significantly. As such, the relevance and usefulness of any given form of capital vary. Results indicate that survival strategies and mobilisation of capital in Lebanon revolve around obtaining legal status, whereas in Turkey, where all Syrian refugees benefit from legal status under the temporary protection regime, capital is mainly used to negotiate an exploitative labour market. Our study challenges conventional class analyses that imply direct links between the possession of economic and social capital and favourable trajectories of exile.
Giant Anomalous Hall Conductivity in the Itinerant Ferromagnet LaCrSb3 and the Effect of f‐Electrons
Authors: Kumar Nitesh , Lamba Neetu , Gayles Jacob , Le Congcong , Vir Praveen , Guin Satya N. , Sun Yan , Felser Claudia , Shekhar Chandra 
Published: May 2021

AbstractItinerant ferromagnets constitute an important class of materials wherein spin polarization can affect the electric transport properties in nontrivial ways. One such phenomenon is anomalous Hall effect which depends on the details of the band structure such as the amount of band crossings in the valence band of the ferromagnet. Here, extraordinary anomalous Hall effect is found in an itinerant ferromagnetic metal LaCrSb3. The rather 2D nature of the magnetic subunit imparts large anisotropic anomalous Hall conductivity of 1250 Ω−1 cm−1 at 2 K. The investigations suggest that a strong Berry curvature by abundant momentum‐space crossings and narrow energy‐gap openings are the primary sources of the anomalous Hall conductivity. An important observation is the existence of quasi‐dispersionless bands in LaCrSb3 which is now known to increase the anomalous Hall conductivity. After introducing f‐electrons, anomalous Hall conductivity experiences more than twofold increase and reaches 2900 Ω−1 cm−1 in NdCrSb3.
Super‐Assembled Hierarchical CoO Nanosheets‐Cu Foam Composites as Multi‐Level Hosts for High‐Performance Lithium Metal Anodes
Authors: Zhang Runhao , Li Yong , Wang Meng , Li Dongwei , Zhou Junjie , Xie Lei , Wang Tao , Tian Wei , Zhai Yanjie , Gong Hongyu , Gao Meng , Liang Kang , Chen Pu , Kong Biao 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAchieving uniform lithium (Li) deposition is the key to tackle uncontrollable dendrite growth, which hinders the application of Li metal anodes. In this study, molten Li is thermally injected into a 3D framework by growing lithiophilic CoO nanosheets on Cu foam (CF). The CoO layer grown on the CF surface physically adsorbs molten Li, which makes it possible to spontaneously wet the framework. The morphology of CoO nanosheets does not change during the Li injection process and formed a multi‐level structure with the CF, which is difficult to be achieved previously, as most lithiophilic oxides undergo serious chemical changes due to chemical reaction with Li and cannot provide a stable submicron structure for the subsequent Li stripping/plating process. The super‐assembled multi‐level structure provides abundant Li nucleation sites and electrolyte/electrode contact areas for rapid charge transfer in the composite anode. Therefore, the prolonged lifespan of symmetrical cells for 300 cycles at 10 and 10 mAh cm−2 with lower polarization is achieved, which further renders the LiFePO4 and Li4Ti5O12 based full cells with improved capacity retention up to 87.3% and 80.1% after 500 cycles at 1 C. These results suggest that the composite anode has a great application prospect.
Ultrasensitive and stable all graphene field‐effect transistor‐based Hg2+ sensor constructed by using different covalently bonded RGO films assembled by different conjugate linking molecules
Authors: Sun Mingyuan , Zhang Congcong , Chen Duo , Wang Jian , Ji Yanchen , Liang Na , Gao Haoyang , Cheng Shanshan , Liu Hong 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAs "molecular bridge," coupling agents can not only realize the covalent connection of composites, but also affect their properties, thus affecting the properties of devices based on them. Herein, leveraging differences in charge conduction properties of the (3‐aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane and 5,10,15,20‐tetrakis(4‐aminophenyl)‐21H,23H‐porphine caused by conjugacy structural differences, two kinds of layer‐by‐layer assembled smart carbon materials with different electrical properties are obtained at the same reduction temperature. The two graphene ultrathin films are then “planted” on Si/SiO2 substrates, respectively, as semiconductor layer and source/drain electrodes to fabricate an ultra‐stable all‐graphene field effect transistor (AG‐FET). Enabled by the covalent functionalized configuration and the functionally diverse of coupling agents, the AG‐FET obtained by this simple method won the high electrical characteristics, the hole, electron mobility, and the shelflife could reach 3.79 cm2/(V·s), 3.78 cm2/(V·s), and 18 months, respectively. In addition, good material stability and excellent device structure endow the device exceptional stability, electrical stability, and solvent resistance, improving its application prospect in solution phase sensing/detection. Such characteristics could be used to sense, transduce, and respond to external stimuli, especially in solution phase to monitor the important analytes, such as Hg2+ in a flowing sewage environment. We believe that such easy‐to‐manufacture AG‐FETs with ultrahigh performance and ultrahigh stability could also show great application prospects in other significant fields.