bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KAZAKH NATIONAL LIBERATION UPRISINGS AGAINST RUSSIAN COLONIAL POLICY: CAUSES OF DEFEATS, PECULIARITIES, RELATIONSHIPS
Authors: Kurmanalin Samat 
Published: December 2024

National liberation rebellion is characteristic of colonial countries. The Kazakh people also resisted the metropolis for a long time to preserve their independence. The resistance movements were persistent. The values of honour and dignity were high. Secondly, we consider political, social, economic reasons. A bright and tragic page of Kazakh history is when the Kazakh people throughout the XIX century periodically rose to major uprisings and defended their independence. Because of unequal strength all resistance was defeated. The main reason for the defeat was the military technique between colonists and colonisers. The paper analyses the reasons for the defeat of the armed struggle against the empire. The historical significance, general patterns, interrelationships of the uprisings led by Kazakh leaders in the history of the nation will be studied.
The rebellions were led by heroes from dynasties that enjoyed great authority in Kazakh society. One of them was Yeset Kotibaruly from the Shekty clan. The rebellion of Eset batyr was defeated in history. However, the reader and subsequent generations have created history so that it can be studied. That is its peculiarity. The national uprisings had interconnections. The leaders had not only outwardly familiar-knowledgeable, but also communicative relations. There were strongholds to each other. There was military support. Recognising bravery and valour, they followed each other. They were united by common interests against a common enemy. This is noteworthy. Because past historiography has divided the uprisings of the Kazakh people against colonialism. We subscribe to the concept of the unity of the freedom movement.
Efecto de la pandemia por COVID-19 en la prestación de servicios de salud del primer nivel de atención de la CCSS durante el año 2020
Authors: Araya-Vega Paul , Barrantes-Arroyo Alexander , Juárez-Quesada Greivin , León-Solís Miriam , Madrigal-Loría Gustavo , Mendoza-Vega Jennifer , Rodríguez-Jiménez Elizabeth , Soto-Alpízar Shirley , Víquez-Garro Marianella 
Published: December 2024

Tema y propósito: identificar el efecto que la pandemia por COVID-19 ocasionó en la mayoría de los indicadores de la Evaluación de la Prestación de Servicios de Salud (EPSS), realizada anualmente por la Dirección Compra de Servicios de Salud; además de conocer la relación entre este efecto y el comportamiento de la COVID-19 por área de salud (AS) e identificar las distintas estrategias desarrolladas para enfrentarla, así como la implementación de modalidades alternativas de atención.
Métodos: se efectuó un estudio de tipo descriptivo, cuya población de interés fueron los resultados obtenidos por 102 áreas de salud (AS) de las 105 que conformaban el primer nivel de atención en el año 2020. Estos se compararon con los resultados obtenidos en un período de referencia que cambió según el indicador. Las diferencias encontradas se contrastaron con los siguientes criterios dados por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS): afectación severa: decrecimientos de 50 % o más; afectación moderada: decrecimientos entre 5,0 % y 49,9 %; y sin afectación: cambios positivos o negativos no mayores al 5,0 %. Las diferencias positivas mayores al 5 % se consideraron como evidencia de una mejoría en el indicador correspondiente.
Conclusiones: se lograron determinar los indicadores con mayor y menor afectación según los parámetros de la OMS, resaltando los referentes al tamizaje de cáncer de cuello uterino, pues la mayoría de las AS obtuvo reducciones superiores al 50 %. A nivel de Redes Integradas de Prestación de Servicios de Salud (RIPSS) destacó la Central Norte, que obtuvo reducciones mayores en el año 2020 con respecto al periodo de referencia.
Identifying Complex High-Risk Individuals (HRI-C) for Early Detection of Occult Pancreatic Cancers Using Risk Models and Biomarkers.
Authors: Brand Randall , Whitcomb David , Wu Bechien 
Published: December 2024

Early detection and diagnosis of pancreatic cancer (pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, PDAC) offers the best option for effective treatment and prolonged survival. Image-based screening programs are useful in early detection of pancreatic cancers in high-risk individuals (HRI) defined by strong family history and/or pathogenic variants (PV) in hereditary cancer syndrome (HCS) genes associated with an increased risk for PDAC development. However, this only applies in about 10% of people who eventually develop pancreatic cancer. An additional 15% of PDACs are associated with a pancreatic cystic neoplasms. Thus, the majority (~75%) of patients diagnosed with PDAC are not candidates for surveillance under an existing framework. Based on growing evidence we believe that early detection is also possible in what we call Complex High-Risk Individuals (HRI-C) through frequent, time-limited image-based screening. These HRI-C are identified by combining multiple clinical and genetic risk factors alongside early markers of pancreatic cancer (e.g. family history, past medical history, social history, and multiple genetic factors in individuals with worrisome individual or combinations of biomarkers of occult pancreatic cancer in older individuals (>50 years) such as new onset diabetes (NOD), new idiopathic acute or chronic pancreatitis, maldigestion with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI), abnormal liver injury test (especially biliary), unexplained weight loss and typical cancer-associated pain patterns). Here we propose a potentially cost-effective clinical decision pathway aimed at improving early detection, diagnosis and outcomes of this large group of individuals at risk for developing PDAC.
O ENFERMEIRO COMO PROTAGONISTA DA IDENTIFICAÇÃO PRECOCE DA SEPSE: CUIDADOS NO MANEJO E EVOLUÇÃO DO AGRAVO
Authors: Dias Bruno de Oliveira , Nogueira Elisangela Leite , Assis Tamara Quintella , Lopes William Olimpio Da Costa , Gracio Andréa Lucia Reis , Nascimento Leandro da Silva 
Published: December 2024

A sepse é uma das doenças fatais mais comumente encontradas em todo o mundo. Trata-se de uma patologia que é caracterizada como uma disfunção orgânica resultante da resposta imunológica desregulada do hospedeiro à um processo infeccioso, que pode ser causado por microrganismos, com alta taxa de mortalidade. Diante disso surge o problema de pesquisa; “Qual a relevância do papel da enfermagem na identificação precoce da sepse e como intervir preventivamente?” O objetivo desse estudo foi Identificar o papel do enfermeiro na identificação precoce da sepse. Será feito um levantamento através da revisão integrativa de literatura nas bases de dados do Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Google Acadêmico e Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde. Foram utilizados 08 artigos dos anos de 2019 a 2024 que adentraram aos critérios de inclusão e objetivos do estudo relevantes à temática, sendo efetuada uma seleção de forma a utilizar aqueles que continham dados mais característicos com relação ao tema. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que as intervenções de enfermagem, como o uso da escala de Sofa, uso de Nanda, monitoramento dos sinais vitais, foram evidenciados como elementos chaves para a assistência de enfermagem ao paciente séptico. Ressalta-se a necessidade de atualização e qualificações para que os enfermeiros sejam capacitados. Conclui-se que é fundamental que o enfermeiro seja protagonista no manejo da sepse além da possibilidade de criação de protocolos por parte destes profissionais, que se utilizam da sistematização da assistência de enfermagem para a identificação e prevenção de agravos, sendo essa uma forma eficaz de diminuir as complicações nos mais variados setores de atendimento em saúde
Estrategia innovadora para fomentar la lectura en estudiantes de educación general básica
Authors: Zapata William , Pazmiño Medina Diana del Rosario 
Published: December 2024

Desde tiempos remotos, es decir, desde la aparición de la escritura, la lectura ha desempeñado un papel muy importante en la formación integral de las personas, contribuyendo significativamente al desarrollo y progreso de las sociedades. El presente estudio tiene un enfoque positivista de carácter cuantitativo, su objetivo es elaborar un folleto de lectura como una estrategia didáctica para optimizar la comprensión lectora en los educandos de educación general básica. La población que formó parte del estudio está integrada por 80 estudiantes de quinto año de educación general básica media de la Unidad Educativa “Atahualpa” de la ciudad de Ambato. El diseño de este estudio es cuasi experimental con pre test y post test. Las técnicas de recolección de información a emplearse son una evaluación de base estructurada de 10 preguntas tanto para el pre test como para el post test, tres talleres de manera individual y tres de forma grupal, cada taller cuenta con un test de evaluación de 5 preguntas de opción múltiple. Los resultados demuestran que los estudiantes quienes usaron el folleto de lectura tienen mejores resultados en su rendimiento académico que aquellos sometidos a clases tradicionales. En conclusión los docentes deben integrar estrategias innovadoras para motivar el hábito de la lectura y optimizar la comprensión lectora en los educandos.
La revisión palimpsestuosa de la actuación de Ira Aldridge como Otelo en Red Velvet , de Lolita Chakrabarti
Authors: Fernández-Caparrós Turina Ana 
Published: December 2024

El debut de Lolita Chakrabarti como dramaturga en Red Velvet es considerado como una de las revisiones contemporáneas más exitosas y sofisticadas de la historia tanto del teatro victoriano como de la representación teatral de Shakespeare. La obra es una revisión de la vida del actor norteamericano Ira Aldridge (1807-1867), el primer actor clásico negro que consiguió la distinción como intérprete de Shakespeare en los escenarios británicos y continentales. La obra se centra en su efímero debut como Otelo en el Theatre Royal Covent Garden en 1833. Este artículo analiza las estrategias metateatrales de la obra y el diálogo con las prácticas autorreferenciales del significado teatral para proponer una lectura crítica que subraye la forma abiertamente palimpséstica de la obra y las complejidades de sus palimpsestuosos compromisos intertextuales. Se centra, en particular, en su tratamiento de las tradiciones interpretativas de Otelo para imaginar la actuación de Aldridge del héroe trágico como moderna, poco convencional y avanzada a su tiempo.
Performance of the Major Pulses Crop in India: Growth and Instability
Authors: Kumar Manish , Singh Gulshan , Singh Subhi , Mishra Arpit 
Published: December 2024

The present paper deals with the comparative assessment of instability and growth rate in area, production, and yield of major pulses in India. In the analysis, Cuddy-Della Valle (CDV) instability indices and compound growth rates (CGRs) are computed on utilizing secondary time series data on area, production, and yield of major pulses (viz., chickpea, pigeon pea, urdbean and mungbean) pertaining to the period 2000-2021. The comparative assessment has been made by further classifying the concerned period into three periods i.e. period-I (2000 to 2010), period-II (2011 to 2021), and the overall period (2000 to 2021). Moreover, the statistical coefficients viz., coefficient of variation (CV) and coefficient of determination have been measured. The findings of the investigation reveal that, during the overall period, highest instability in area is observed in urdbean, whereas the least instability in area is observed in chickpea. Among the pulses, mungbean reported highest instability in production as well as yield, whereas chickpea witnessed least instability in production as well as yield. During the overall period, the highest growth rates in area, production, and yield have been observed in chickpea.
Evaluating the Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Early Career Pharmacists Concerning Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) and Co-morbid Mental Health Conditions: Predicting Patients Health Outcomes in Nigeria
Authors: Okenwa Samuel Chukwuemeka , Anunwa Ifunanya Genevieve , Nwachukwu Jane Chidera , Abonyi Chinonso Elijah , Nnam Collins Okwudili , Eneje Glory Chigozirim , Ajuonu Joy Ulonwadi , Ejike Lazarus Chukwuemeka , Nwankwo Favour Mmesoma , Ekweozor Chika Augusta 
Published: December 2024

Background: This study aims to evaluate the understanding, perceptions and practices of early career pharmacists concerning opioid use disorder and its associated mental health outcomes for patients in Nigeria. The research seeks to identify the level of knowledge that these pharmacists possess about opioid-related issues and the mental health challenges that often accompany them. By examining their attitudes and practices, the study intends to uncover potential gaps in education and training that may affect the quality of care provided to patients suffering from these interconnected health conditions.
Methodology: This was a cross-sectional survey conducted across the six geopolitical zones in Nigeria. We used evidence of licensure and not more than 5 years in practice to identify eligible participants. Information sheets were sent to all potential participants through email. If interested, they signed the consent form and sent the survey online to be completed and returned within 24 hours.
Results: Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data. Out of 514 participants, the majority had accurate knowledge of basic questions as well as a negative attitude regarding how comfortable in providing patient care as well as in monitoring and assessment. 342 (66.5%) respondents and 357 (69.5%) respondents were neutral on the information regarding the percentage of patients that achieve treatment adherence and average patient satisfaction respectively, while (166, 32.3%) (128, 24.9%) reported low/negative treatment adherence and patient satisfaction respectively.
Conclusion: By fostering improved knowledge and attitudes among pharmacists, it is possible to mitigate the stigma associated with mental health issues, thereby enhancing treatment adherence and ultimately leading to better health outcomes. The findings show that in as much as the knowledge of these medical conditions is substantial, the negative outcomes persist.
Heterosis of Pearl Millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] Hybrids Involving Diverse CGMS Lines and Restorers
Authors: Moghariya A. A. , Parmar S. K. , Chaudhari R. J. , Mungra K. D. , Patel J. K. 
Published: December 2024

The experimental material comprised of five female lines, ten male lines of pearl millet, their 50 hybrids developed by line × tester design and one standard check hybrid (GHB 1231). They were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications at Main Pearl Millet Research Station, J.A.U., Jamnagar during kharif 2023 for studies extent and magnitude of heterotic effects of hybrids over better parent and standard check. The analysis of experimental variance revealed highly significant differences among the genotypes, parents and crosses for all the traits studied. The heterobeltiosis for grain yield per plant was laid between -56.38% to 97.86%, while, the standard heterosis ranged from -53.30% to 82.97%. The maximum value of standard heterosis was recorded for grain yield per plant by cross JMSA5 20212 × J-2637 (82.97%) followed by ICMA1 94555 × J-2580 (81.49%) and JMSA5 20212 × J-2562 (72.35%). Further exploitation of these crosses might produce desirable hybrid of pearl millet.
Screening the Microbiological Contamination in Salad Samples and Analysis their Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern
Authors: Chowdhury Umme Salma , Sultana Raquiba , Acharjee Mrityunjoy 
Published: December 2024

Salad is often consumed fresh and thus can act as effective media for the transmission of associated pathogens. This investigation was carried out to determine the microbiological quality of salad. A total twenty-five samples were collected from twenty different area of Dhaka city. Samples were collected from chines restaurants, fast food centers, café, and roadside shops. According to the place of preparation samples were classified into three category such as A (chines and fast food), B (café), C (road side shop). Samples from each category of salad were prepared to determine the total bacterial count, total coliform count and highlighted the presence of pathogenic microorganisms such as E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp. by standard microbiological methods. The total viable bacterial count ranged from 0.3 × 10³ to 8.3 × 10⁷ cfu/g. The coliform and fecal coliform ranged from <0.4 MPN/gm to >240 MPN/gm and Staphylococcus spp. ranged from 0.5 ×103 to 1.25 ×104 cfu/g. Rates of contamination in relation to the various sources were: samples from A- category 71.4%, B- category 87.5% and C- category 90%. Antimicrobial susceptibility was also determined for the isolated microorganisms. Amoxicillin (10 µg), ciprofloxacin 5 µg), ceftazidime (30 µg), tetracycline (30 µg), gentamicin (10 µg), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (23.75 µg), were used for antibiotic susceptibility testing. 100% Salmonella spp. was resistant to amoxicillin whereas E. coli was 80%. But both strains were 100% sensitive to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, tetracycline. The results of the study demonstrate that salads available in chines restaurant, fast food center, café and road side shop are contaminated with pathogenic bacteria which are potential health threat to consumers. Maintaining personal hygiene, pre-processing disinfection and proper storage temperatures will be useful to minimize the unhygienic and health risks.
Detection of acute myocarditis using T1 and T2 mapping cardiovascular magnetic resonance: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Jia Zhi , Wang Lihong , Jia Yanqing , Liu Jun , Zhao Hong , Huo Liwei , Zheng Binbin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesThis study was aimed to systematically review the existing literature and explore more the diagnostic value of T1 and T2 mapping in acute myocarditis.MethodsStudies were searched from five electronic databases. Sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and summary receiver operating characteristic curves (SROC) were calculated to present diagnostic performance. A meta‐regression and subgroup analysis was performed based on validation (endomyocardial biopsy [EMB] vs. clinical criteria).ResultsA total of 10 studies were included, with 400 myocarditis patients and 266 controls. Native T1, T2, and extracellular volume (ECV) values were significantly increased in the myocarditis group. Pooled sensitivities for T1, T2 mapping, and ECV were 0.84 (0.78–0.88), 0.77 (0.69–0.83), and 0.69 (0.50–0.83), respectively. Pooled specificities were 0.86 (0.69–0.95), 0.83 (0.73–0.89), and 0.77 (0.63–0.87), respectively. The DORs were 32 (12–87), 16 (8–30), and 7 (4–14), respectively. The areas under the curve (AUC) of SROC were 0.87 (0.84–0.90), 0.86 (0.82–0.89), and 0.80 (0.76–0.83), respectively. In the meta‐regression and subgroup analysis, significantly lower specificities of T1 and T2 mapping were observed in EMB studies (p < 0.01).ConclusionThe currently available evidence shows that T1 and T2 mapping including ECV alone offer comparably good diagnostic performance for the detection of acute myocarditis. The reason for the observed mismatch with EMB findings should be further investigated.
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in a patient vaccinated against SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Kania Karolina , Ambrosius Wojciech , Tokarz Kupczyk Elzbieta , Kozubski Wojciech 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAcute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a demyelinating disease, and there are some data that link this event with various vaccinations. We report a young female admitted to the hospital with headache, fever, back pain, nausea, vomiting, and urinary retention. Two weeks prior, she received the first dose of SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA vaccine. Brain and spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed distinctive for ADEM widespread demyelinating lesions. The patient was successfully treated with methylprednisolone.
Junction Field‐Effect Transistors Based on PdSe2/MoS2 Heterostructures for Photodetectors Showing High Responsivity and Detectivity
Authors: Wang Haoyun , Li Zexin , Li Dongyan , Xu Xiang , Chen Ping , Pi Lejing , Zhou Xing , Zhai Tianyou 
Published: September 2021

Abstract2D materials have shown great promise for next‐generation high‐performance photodetectors. However, the performance of photodetectors based on 2D materials is generally limited by the tradeoff between photoresponsivity and photodetectivity. Here, a novel junction field‐effect transistor (JFET) photodetector consisting of a PdSe2 gate and MoS2 channel is constructed to realize high responsivity and high detectivity through effective modulation of top junction gate and back gate. The JFET exhibits high carrier mobility of 213 cm2 V−1 s−1. What is more, the high responsivity of 6 × 102 A W−1, as well as the high detectivity of 1011 Jones, are achieved simultaneously through the dual‐gate modulation. The high performance is attributed to the modulation of the depletion region by the dual‐gate, which can effectively suppress the dark current and enhance the photocurrent, thereby realizing high detectivity and responsivity. The JFET photodetector provides a new approach to realize photodetectors with high responsivity and detectivity.
Engineering of Printable and Air‐Stable Silver Electrodes with High Work Function using Contact Primer Layer: From Organometallic Interphases to Sharp Interfaces
Authors: Widdascheck Felix , Bischof Daniel , Witte Gregor 
Published: September 2021

AbstractContact engineering is an important issue for organic electronics as it allows to reduce charge carrier injection barriers. While the use of molecular contact primer layers to control the energy level alignment is demonstrated in many concept studies, mainly using (single crystalline) model substrates, the processability of electrodes and their robustness must also be considered in real devices. Although silver electrodes can be printed using silver ink, their low work function and sensitivity to oxidation severely limits their use for printable organic electronics. The present study demonstrates that monolayers of F4TCNQ and F6TCNNQ provide a reliable approach to engineer high work function silver electrodes, which is examined for Ag(111) as well as polycrystalline and silver ink substrates. Notably, upon multilayer growth, a pronounced intercalation of silver into the molecular adlayer occurs, yielding thermally stabilized organometallic interphases extending over the entire adlayer. It is shown that heating allows their controlled desorption leaving behind a well‐defined monolayer that is further stabilized by additional charge transfer. Especially F6TCNNQ contact primer layers can also be prepared on oxidized silver electrodes yielding work functions of 5.5–5.6 eV, which can even withstand air exposure. Such contact primers show no interdiffusion into subsequently deposited layers of the prototypical p‐type organic semiconductor pentacene, hence validating their use for organic electronic devices.