bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Los rituales del espacio público en la configuración del régimen franquista. Estudio del Congreso Eucarístico de Bilbao,1944
Authors: Altuna Etxeberria Maialen 
Published: July 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es ahondar en el análisis de la construcción simbólica del franquismo poniendo la atención en el Congreso Eucarístico de Bilbao de 1944. El interés se centra en identificar los elementos plásticos, sensoriales y teatrales que se utilizaban en estos rituales y con ello se pretende ahondar más en el estudio de los elementos no discursivos que operaban en el control social y la imposición del orden social franquista.El foco del análisis se centra en los momentos rituales en los que se ocupaban las calles de la ciudad y profundiza también en su significado. Por un lado, la misa y procesión destinada a niños y niñas se vincula al intento de crear una impronta emocional y afectar a las subjetividades de los que se consideraban el futuro de la nación. Por el otro, la procesión final en la que estaban llamados a participar activamente solo los hombres pudo ser útil para representar simbólicamente el papel que debía representar cada miembro de la sociedad en la nación franquista, reforzando para ello un modelo de masculinidad paternalista de corte carlista que fue ganando protagonismo en el régimen por su potencial para conseguir el orden social en la posguerra.
Spray-on Ceramic Insulation up to 450°C and Encapsulating existing corrosion without sandblast
Authors: Pritchett Joseph E. 
Published: July 2021

Ceramic compounds have been around for many years, but the research to find which compounds, what size, crystalline structure and density would perform to block “heat load” is the keys the selecting the correct compounds to use. “Blocking heat load from radiation or resisting the absorption and loading of heat when used over a hot surface” is determined by the aspects stated above. None of this could be determined from the ceramic catalogs of listed compounds stating referenced characteristics. To determine how a compound would react in a paint/coating form could only be realized by trial and error when the compound is mixed in a resin solution with other compounds to see the result. This process has taken 23 years and over 3600 compounds to find 12 compounds that will continue to work when wet and mixed with other materials.
As to the corrosion encapsulation without the need for sandblasting, this was studied after finding that most all corrosion protection specifications require sandblast, primers and top coats which over time did not perform as theory had projected. Part of the reason is due to the time frame after the blast is performed before the paints are applied. By the time the paints are applied a flash rust or bloom has set up and the surface is now out of specification and the result is a failure of the system. Research was applied on how a corrosion coating could be made to first penetrate deep into the pores of metal or rust, then swell and encapsulate the pores and/or surface rust before it sets up to 6780 psi surface tensile strength. In this way, the surface rust is used as the profile needed to anchor the coating and add to the strength of the coated film.
Management’s choice of tone in letters to shareholders: sincerity, bias and incentives
Authors: Hadro Dominika , Klimczak Karol Marek , Pauka Marek 
Published: July 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es identificar los factores que impulsan las decisiones de los directivos en materia de información en un entorno caracterizado por la concentración de la propiedad y la escasa aplicación de la ley. Investigaciones anteriores indican que el tono de la carta a los accionistas está correlacionado con los resultados. Sin embargo, el tono puede estar sesgado hacia lo positivo cuando una empresa es muy sensible a los incentivos del mercado de valores o está controlada por inversores mayoritarios. El sesgo puede reducirse gracias a las actividades de supervisión de los inversores institucionales en las empresas de capital cerrado. El estudio tiene dos implicaciones importantes. En primer lugar, cuando los directivos sesgan el texto, pierden la capacidad de comunicar noticias positivas sobre su empresa. En el marco de las expectativas racionales, los inversores pueden detectar el sesgo basándose en los incentivos situacionales conocidos y desestimar la información sesgada. En segundo lugar, los resultados sugieren que los directivos manipulan el tono estratégicamente, y no de forma inconsciente, para satisfacer las necesidades de los principales grupos de accionistas.
This paper aims to identify the drivers of management reporting choices in a setting characterized by ownership concentration and weak enforcement. Previous research indicates, that tone of the letter to shareholders is correlated with performance. However, tone can be biased towards the positive when a company is highly responsive to stock market incentives or controlled by majority investors. Bias can be reduced by the monitoring activities of institutional investors in closely held companies. There are two major implications of the study. First, when managers bias the text, they lose the ability to communicate positive news about their company. Under rational expectations investors can detect bias based on known situational incentives and disregard the biased information. Second, the results suggest that managers manipulate tone strategically, rather than unconsciously, to satisfy the needs of key shareholder groups.
Study to Determine the Efficacy of Illizarov Fixator for the Treatment of Complex Tibial Plateau Fractures
Authors: Afzal Tanveer , Keerio Niaz Hussain , Joyo Muhammad Rafique , Ahmed Nizam , Shah Ghazanfar Ali , Khanzada Aftab Alam , Noor Syed Shahid 
Published: July 2021

Aim: To evaluate the results of illizarov external fixation using ligamentotaxis technique in high-energy plateau fractures of the tibia.
Methodology: The external fixation of illizarov external fixation using ligamentotaxis was performed in 32 patients aged 18-50 years due to high-energy plateau fractures of the tibia. 18 on the right knee and 14 on the left knee. 28had closed wound and four had open wound fractures. According to the classification of Schatzker’s; classification was carried out for fractures. After two years (range 12 to 24 months) of follow-up, each affected knee was assessed using the Knee Society Score (KSS).
Results: There were 24Schatzker type VI and eight type V fractures of the tibia. Complications included deep infection in two cases, one patient had pin tract infection, deep vein thrombosis in two patients and one had fusional defect. The knee motionmean range was 120 degrees of flexion and six degrees of deficiency in extension. According to the KSS criteria, the outcomes were excellent in 22 patients (68.75%), 4 patients (12.5%)have good results, moderate in 5 patients (15.65%) and weak in 1 patient (3.12%).
Conclusion: Ilizarov External fixation gives good anatomicalreduction of joint surface, earlypainfreewt bear, stable fixation and maintain soft tissue envelope without major complications.
Pheromones in Vertebrates
Authors: Murata Ken , Touhara Kazushige 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPheromones are chemical signals released from a donor individual that elicit a specific response in a recipient of the same species. Pheromone effects are generally classified into two types: releaser effects that induce a relatively rapid specific behaviour, and primer effects that lead to long‐term physiological or developmental changes in the recipient animal. Since the discovery of insect pheromones, decades of behavioural, anatomical, molecular and genetic studies have revealed a wide variety of pheromones and their functions as well as their receptors in numerous animal species. Further, neural mechanisms underlying pheromone‐induced behaviour have been investigated in mice by using state‐of‐the‐art neuroscience and molecular biology techniques.Key ConceptsVertebrates produce structurally and functionally various types of pheromones.A large repertoire of G protein‐coupled pheromone receptors (i.e. olfactory or vomeronasal receptors) have evolved in vertebrates.Each olfactory or vomeronasal sensory neuron expresses a single type of receptor and projects the axon to the main olfactory bulb (MOB) or the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB), respectively.A pheromone signal from MOB/AOB is transmitted to the amygdala that relays the signal to the hypothalamus, resulting in inducing stereotypic behaviors and/or neuroendocrine changes.Pheromone signals are modulated by internal states and experiences.
Sphingobium
Authors: Singhvi Nirjara , Urvashi FNU , Gundawar Krishna , Gupta Vipin , Korpole Suresh , Lal Rup 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Sphin.go'bi.um. N.L. neut. n.
sphingosinum
(from Gr. gen. n.
sphingos
, of sphinx, and suff. ‐
ine
) sphingosine; N.L. pref.
sphingo
‐, pertaining to sphingosine; Gr. masc. n.
bios
, life; N.L. neut. n.
Sphingobium
, sphingosine‐containing life.

Proteobacteria / Alphaproteobacteria / Sphingomonadales / Sphingomonadaceae / Sphingobium

The genus
Sphingobium
belongs to the phylum
Proteobacteria
, class
Alphaproteobacteria
, order
Sphingomonadales
, and family
Sphingomonadaceae
. Members of this genus can be differentiated from other close relatives of the genera
Sphingomonas
,
Sphingopyxis
, and
Novosphingobium
by their cell morphology, mode of nutrition, composition of fatty acids, distribution of polar lipids in the bacterial cell wall, polyamine pattern, respiratory quinones, accumulation of poly‐β‐hydroxybutyrate (PHB) granules, and degradation of xenobiotics such as hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH). Several members had been isolated from different biological niches such as freshwater bodies, activated sludge, green algae, sediments, seawater, hydrocarbon‐contaminated sites, copper mines, rice rhizosphere, lettuce corky root, cold springs, vermicompost, and industrial wastewater treatment systems. Most of the members are slow‐growing, motile or nonmotile, nonsporulating, and flagellated or nonflagellated (bear polar or sub‐polar flagella). Able to assimilate a wide range of carbohydrates. Broad substrate specificities and diverse enzymatic activities make them promising candidates for the degradation of several environmental pollutants. Exploitation of their metabolic potential could open up new avenues in industrial microbiology. As per the genome taxonomy database, 103 genomes (draft as well as complete) of different strains of the genus
Sphingobium
are available on EzBioCloud. Such a large number of sequences provides an opportunity for taxonomic researchers to understand this genus in detail.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 58.8–66.8.

Type species
:
Sphingobium yanoikuyae
Takeuchi et al. 2001
VP
(basonym:
Sphingomonas yanoikuyae
Yabuuchi et al. 1990, VL34)).
Calditrichales
Authors: Bonch‐Osmolovskaya Elizaveta A. , Kublanov Ilya V. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Cal.di.tri.cha'les N.L. masc. n.
Caldithrix
type genus of the order; ‐
ales
ending to denote an order; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Calditrichales
the
Caldithrix
order.

Calditrichota / Calditrichia / Calditrichales

The order
Calditrichales
accommodates Gram‐stain‐negative bacteria with rod‐shaped cells. Known members of the order are obligate anaerobes, moderate thermophiles, and neutrophiles, growing either chemoorganoheterotrophically by fermentation of peptides or carbohydrates, or by anaerobic respiration with nitrate, or chemolithoheterotrophically using molecular hydrogen as the electron donor with nitrate as the electron acceptor. Inhabit deep‐sea or shallow‐water submarine hydrothermal environments. The type genus is
Caldithrix
. The order contains the single family
Calditrichaceae
and belongs to the class
Calditrichia
.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 43.3–47.3 (
T
m
and genome sequence).

Type genus
:
Caldithrix
Miroshnichenko et al. 2003
VP
.
In Situ Nanozyme‐Amplified NIR‐II Phototheranostics for Tumor‐Specific Imaging and Therapy
Authors: Ma Zhaoyu , Foda Mohamed F. , Liang Huageng , Zhao Yanli , Han Heyou 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe discovery of near‐IR‐II (NIR‐II) tumor phototheranostics holds a great promise for use in nanomedicine on account of its enhanced penetration depth, high spatial resolution, and noninvasiveness. However, contemporary “always on” phototherapeutic agents often have many undesirable side effects that hinder their clinical trial progress. To overcome this dilemma, an in situ nanozyme‐amplified chromogenic nanoreactor by loading 3,3′,5,5′‐tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and ultrasmall PtAu nanoparticles into a metal–organic framework is developed for specific tumor theranostics, leaving normal tissues unharmed. As an intelligent photoacoustic diagnostic agent, the as‐constructed nanoreactor remains silent until they enter the tumor site (H2O2‐activated and acid‐enhanced conditions) and turns on the photoacoustic signal to render a preoperative tumor diagnosis. As a nanozyme, the special microenvironment of the tumor tissue is used to initiate its catalytic damage by reactive oxygen species for chemodynamic therapy (CDT). More importantly, the TMB is oxidized, and the subsequent photothermal therapy (PTT) can be realized, leading to an optimal combination of CDT and PTT to concurrently fight obstinate cancers. The present “all‐in‐one” phototheranostics utilize nanozyme‐augmented NIR‐II agents for specific tumor ablation, which are promising for further development of intelligent nanozymes in tumor therapy.
An Intrinsically Micro‐/Nanostructured Pollen Substrate with Tunable Optical Properties for Optoelectronic Applications
Authors: Hwang Youngkyu , Sadhu Anupam , Shin Sangho , Leow Shin Woei , Zhao Ze , Deng Jingyu , Jackman Joshua A. , Kim Munho , Wong Lydia H. , Cho Nam‐Joon 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThere is broad interest in developing photonically active substrates from naturally abundant, minimally processed materials that can help to overcome the environmental challenges of synthetic plastic substrates while also gaining inspiration from biological design principles. To date, most efforts have focused on rationally engineering the micro‐ and nanoscale structural properties of cellulose‐based materials by tuning fibril and fiber dimensions and packing along with chemical modifications, while there is largely untapped potential to design photonically active substrates from other classes of natural materials with distinct morphological features. Herein, the fabrication of a flexible pollen‐derived substrate is reported, which exhibits high transparency (>92%) and high haze (>84%) on account of the micro‐ and nanostructure properties of constituent pollen particles that are readily obtained from nature and require minimal extraction or processing to form the paper‐like substrate based on colloidal self‐assembly. Experiments and simulations confirm that the optical properties of the pollen substrate are tunable and arise from light–matter interactions with the spiky surface of pollen particles. In a proof‐of‐concept example, the pollen substrate is incorporated into a functional perovskite solar cell while the tunable optical properties of the intrinsically micro‐/nanostructured pollen substrate can be useful for a wide range of optoelectronic applications.
Flexible and Conductive Cellulose Composite Paper for Highly Efficient Electromagnetic Interference Shielding
Authors: Zhang Fudong , Ren Penggang , Guo Han , Zhang Zengping , Guo Zhengzheng , Dai Zhong , Lu Zhenxia , Jin Yanling , Ren Fang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDeveloping highly efficient electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials with outstanding mechanical properties are urgently desirable for portable device hardware and flexible electronic devices. Herein, a highly conductive and flexible silver nanowires/graphene nanosheets/cellulose (AgNWs/GNSs/cellulose) composite paper with particular three‐layered structures is fabricated via vacuum assisted filtered and coating method. The prepared composites exhibit excellent EMI shielding property due to the unique layered structure. By changing the order of the conductive layers, the overall shielding performance can be further improved. An outstanding EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of 53.3 dB is achieved with a thickness of only 0.17 mm. The composites show prominent bending resistance, which is proved by 1000 times of repeated bending leading to no obvious changes in structure. Moreover, the prepared composites exhibit excellent mechanical properties. Therefore, it is expected that this work will open up a facile strategy for exploiting materials with excellent EMI shielding properties and mechanical performance.
Hydrodynamics study of a fast liquid–liquid oxidation process with in situ gas production in microreactors
Authors: Liu Saier , Li Guangxiao , Shang Minjing , Luo Zheng‐Hong , Su Yuanhai 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHydrodynamics characteristics of a fast and highly exothermic liquid–liquid oxidation process with in situ gas production in microreactors were studied using a newly developed experimental method. In the adipic acid synthesis through the K/A oil (the mixture of cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone) oxidation with nitric acid, bubble generation modes were divided into four categories. The gas production became more intensive, unstable, even explosive with increasing the oil phase feed rate and the temperature. A novel automatic image processing method was developed to monitor the instantaneous velocity online by tracking the gas–liquid interface. The axial velocity at the same location was unstable due to the changing gas production rate. Furthermore, the actual residence time was obtained easily with being only 36% of the space–time minimally, beneficial for establishing accurate kinetics and mass transfer models with time participation. Finally, an empirical correlation was developed to predict the actual residence time under different conditions.
Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia associated with a hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state: Hepatic portal venous gas as an indicator of mesenteric ischemia
Authors: Takiguchi Toru , Arai Masatoku , Kim Shiei , Ishii Hiromoto , Ogasawara Tomoko , Shigeta Kenta , Mizobuchi Taiki , Yokobori Shoji 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundThe diagnosis of nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI) is always challenging in critically ill patients. Herein, we aimed to report a case of NOMI associated with a hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS). A small amount of hepatic portal venous gas (HPVG) triggered the diagnosis of NOMI.Case PresentationA 77‐year‐old man was transferred due to shock and disorder of consciousness. He was diagnosed with an HHS. We suspected intestinal ischemia due to a small amount of HPVG revealed by computed tomography (CT). Peritoneal signs were revealed after treatment for the HHS. Computed tomography was carried out again 5 h after admission, which showed a large amount of HPVG, remarkable bowel dilatation, and pneumatosis intestinalis. We performed an emergency laparotomy and resected the small bowel necrosis resulting from NOMI.ConclusionAn HHS can cause NOMI, and the presence of HPVG on CT is an important finding that suggests mesenteric ischemia, even in small amounts.
Visible light photodegradation of 4‐nitrophenol by new high‐performance and easy recoverable Fe3O4/Ag2O‐LDH hybrid photocatalysts
Authors: Dinari Mohammad , Dadkhah Firooze 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTill now, water contaminant photodegradation has been the most influential method to remove low but dangerous concentrations of pollutants. Herein, a green method was employed to enhance the photocatalytic activity of ZnAl‐LDH through depositing Ag and magnetite nanoparticles on the surface of layered double hydroxide (LDH) sheets. The structural and electrochemical characterization of as‐prepared Zn3Al‐CO3 (ZA‐LDH) and Fe3O4/Ag2O‐LDH (M10A5‐LDH) composite was determined by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) theory, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) along with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) mapping, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra, photoluminescence spectra, and transient photocurrent response. All of the analyses confirmed the photo‐response enhancement of the M10A5‐LDH compared with virgin LDH. The mineralization of p‐nitrophenol (PNP) under visible light revealed that the photodegradation rate of composite (0.02 min−1) is fourfold more significant than that of the bare ZA‐LDH (0.005 min−1). The active radical capturing tests exhibited that h+, •OH, and •O2− play substantial roles in PNP degradation, respectively. The potential photodegradation mechanism involves the charge transfer from Fe3O4 and Ag2O to LDH, producing active radicals for the degradation process.
Strong breathable membrane with excellent self‐cleaning, wave‐transparent, and heat dissipation performances
Authors: Ge Chengbiao , Wang Guilong , Zhao Guoqun , Li Bo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMultifunctional membranes with outstanding heat dissipation, wave‐transparent, and self‐cleaning performance, as well as strength and ventilation, are urgently needed to meet the rapid development of portable electronics. Herein, we reported an improved phase separation process to prepare thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/multi‐wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composite membranes with open‐cell porous structure. Their morphology can be manipulated by regulating the content of MWCNT and varying processing parameters. These TPU/MWCNT composite membranes exhibit outstanding mechanical properties. For example, they can possess elastic deformation behavior in a wide temperature range from −50 to 100°C, and bear a load of more than 40,000 times their own weight. Moreover, there is not any obvious crease on the surface of membranes after a forced folding process, indicating their outstanding shape‐recovery ability and elasticity. Furthermore, these membranes have low dielectric constant and loss factor, and they are almost transparent to X‐band electromagnetic waves. What's more, these membranes also show outstanding water‐vapor breathable performance. In addition, MWCNT and open‐cell porous structure endow TPU/MWCNT membranes efficient heat dissipation capacity and good self‐cleaning performance.
Investigating seasonal habitat‐use of saltwater crocodiles in the Ayeyarwady Delta to identify potential conservation areas in Myanmar
Authors: Than Kay Zin , Zaw Zaw , Hughes Alice C. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractUnderstanding the impact of land‐cover mosaics on crocodile distribution and habitat patterns is essential to prioritize areas for their conservation in human‐dominated landscapes. This is especially important for species with specialist requirements; or where there is human–wildlife conflict, as is the case in many areas with crocodiles, such as Myanmar's Ayeyarwady Delta.The saltwater crocodile is used as a surrogate species in this study to identify important conservation areas, and to propose potential protected areas for the Ayeyarwady coastal mangrove ecoregion. In total, 684 locations of saltwater crocodile encounters were collected, 444 for the wet season (May to June), and 240 for the dry season (December to January) between 1999 and 2018. Suitable habitats of saltwater crocodiles in the Ayeyarwady Delta were modelled for wet and dry seasons, using 12 predictor variables at 300‐m resolution.The area of suitable habitat in the wet season is about 1,272.3 km2but reduces to 563.7 km2in the dry season. Distance to the cropland, distance to the sea, mangrove cover, and wetland cover are identified as the key landscape variables that contributed to the seasonal habitat distribution of saltwater crocodiles in the Ayeyarwady Delta.Protecting core and buffer areas in Kadonkani Reserved Forest and Pyindayae Reserved Forest would safeguard the seasonal habitats of saltwater crocodiles. Khaing Thaung Island, an unprotected area with suitable habitat areas for saltwater crocodiles, is proposed as a potential marine protected area in the Ayeyarwady Delta of Myanmar.