bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple Mini-Interview Utilization in United States Physician Assistant Program Admission Processes
Authors: James Kassidy , Mazur Ziemowit , Statler Michel , Hegmann Theresa , Landel Grace , Orcutt Venetia L. 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
Health care program admission processes utilize multi-faceted approaches to evaluate cognitive and noncognitive attributes of applicants. The multiple mini-interview (MMI) was developed in response to the need for a reliable and validated tool to assess noncognitive factors and has been increasingly incorporated into the admissions process by physician assistant (PA) programs. The study's purpose was to explore the current implementation and utilization of the MMI within PA programs.

Methods
The study used a mixed-methods exploratory approach including a telephone survey and semi-structured interview of 11 PA programs using the MMI in their admissions process. Quantitative data collected included demographic information, MMI implementation characteristics, station structure, scoring, feasibility, satisfaction with MMI utilization, and MMI evaluation methods.

Results
During the 2015–2016 admissions cycle, the participating programs used from 5 to 10 stations, averaging 7 minutes per station, requiring 8 faculty, 2 staff, and 7 students per interview session. Despite variation in program size, number of applicants, and years of MMI utilization, all participating programs reported that they were satisfied with the format and would continue to utilize the MMI in the admissions process.

Conclusions
While there is substantial literature describing the use of the MMI within health care programs globally, this study represents the first characterization of its use within PA programs on a national level. Although there was variation among PA program implementation of the MMI, our results are comparable to studies within other health care professions. Additional studies are necessary to further describe the MMI and its correlation with PA program educational outcomes and the impact on diversity.
Validation of the QMon-20 oscillometric blood pressure monitor for professional office use in the general population according to the ANSI/ESH/ISO 81060–2:2018 protocol
Authors: Rico-Martín Sergio , Sánchez-Bacaicoa Marisol , Calderón-García Julián F. , Labrador-Gómez Pedro J. , De Nicolás Jiménez Jorge M. , Villa-Rincón Juan , Robles Nicolás R. , Guijarro Carlos , Iammarino Chiara , Rodilla-Salas Enrique , Sánchez Muñoz-Torrero Juan F. 
Published: May 2021

Objective
we assessed the accuracy of the QMon-20 oscillometric upper-arm cuff device professional for office blood pressure (BP) in general population according to the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation/European Society of Hypertension/International Organization for Standardization (AAMI/ESH/ISO) Universal Standard (ISO 81060-2:2018).

Methods
Subjects were recruited according to AAMI/ESH/ISO Universal Standard in general population using the same arm sequential BP measurement method. Two cuffs of the test device were used for arm circumference 22–31 (medium) and 32–42 cm (large).

Results
One-hundred and fourteen subjects were recruited and 106 were analyzed. For validation criterion 1, the mean ± SD of the differences between the test device and reference BP readings was 0.8 ± 5.4/−0.5 ± 4.2 mmHg (systolic/diastolic). For criterion 2, the SD of the mean BP differences between the test device and reference BP per subject was 4.34/3.48 mmHg (systolic/diastolic).

Conclusion
The QMon-20 oscillometric device for office BPs measurement fulfilled all the requirements of the AAMI/ESH/ISO Universal Standard (ISO 81060-2:2018) in general population and can be recommended for clinical use.
Effects of SCN1A and SCN2A polymorphisms on responsiveness to valproic acid monotherapy in epileptic children
Authors: Wen Zhuangfei , Chen Jiang , Zhu Bin , Lu Yan , Chen Lijiao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
: The gene mutation of coding sodium channel is one of the most important mechanisms in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. There exists a large inter-individual variation in the efficacy of valproic acid (VPA) against epilepsy. What are the genetic polymorphism influences of sodium channels on VPA response is still under discussion. In this study, a meta-analysis was used to further explore the effects of SCN1A and SCN2A gene polymorphism on VPA response in children with epilepsy.

Methods
: The PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Science and Technique Journals Database, China Biology Medicine disc, and Wan Fang Database were searched up to April 2021 for appropriate studies regarding the association between SCN1A and SCN2A gene polymorphism on VPA response in children suffering from epilepsy. The meta-analysis was conducted by Review Manager 5.3 software.

Results
: The results of this meta-analysis will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication.

Conclusion
: This meta-analysis will summarize the effects of SCN1A and SCN2A gene polymorphisms on VPA response in children with epilepsy.

OSF Registration Number:
DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/N2786.
Surgical treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome in advanced-stage upper extremity lymphedema
Authors: Kim Soo-Byn , Moon Kyung-Chul 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Rationale
Despite significant advances in microsurgical techniques, simultaneous release of transverse carpal ligament (TCL) and lymphovenous anastomosis (LVA) surgeries may be effective for treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and advanced-stage lymphedema. This case report describes the successful treatment of lymphedema with LVA in a patient with CTS and advanced-stage lymphedema.

Patient concerns
A 60-year-old female patient was referred to our lymphedema clinic with a 12-year history of chronic, acquired, right upper extremity lymphedema and CTS following right mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy for treating breast cancer.

Diagnosis
According to the indocyanine green lymphography, magnetic resonance lymphangiography, and electromyography, the patient was diagnosed with CTS and advanced-stage lymphedema (International Society of Lymphology late stage 2).

Intervention
Release of the TCL was performed first, followed by LVA at the wrist, forearm, and antecubital area. The right arm was compressed and elevated immediately postoperatively and postoperative compression bandage therapy with 35 to 40 mm Hg pressure was instituted following surgery.

Outcomes
After 2 simultaneous surgeries, the patient had significant circumference and volume reduction of the right hand. The CTS and lymphedema symptoms have decreased following synchronous TCL release and LVA surgeries.

Lessons
Simultaneous LVA and release of the TCL may be effective and safe in patients with advanced lymphedema and CTS.
Clinical and Demographic Characteristics of Cutaneous Mastocytosis in Childhood: Single-center Experience
Authors: Yazal Erdem Arzu , Özyörük Derya , Emir Suna , Çakmakçi Selma , Güleç Ceylan Gülay , Toyran Müge , Civelek Ersoy , Dibek Misirlioğlu Emine 
Published: May 2021

Introduction:
Mastocytosis is a rare and heterogenous disease, and in children it is generally limited to the skin and tends to regress spontaneously in adolescence.

Aim:
In this study, demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of pediatric patients with mastocytosis, and also coexisting diseases were investigated.

Results:
A total of 61 pediatric patients were included in the study. The male-to-female ratio was 2.2, the median age was 2 years (range, 0.25 to 19 y), and the median follow-up period was 2.0 years (range, 0.25 to 19 y). Types of clinical presentation at diagnosis consisted of mainly urticaria pigmentosa (45.9%). Seven patients were further investigated with suspicion of systemic mastocytosis, they were followed up, median of 9 years (range, 2.5 to 16 y), and none of them developed systemic disease. Coexisting allergic diseases were recorded in total 5 patients (8.2%). Three patients had immunoglobulin A deficiency, 1 patient had elevated immunoglobulin E level. A patient developed mature B-cell lymphoma with a heterozygous mutation in c-KIT exon 11.

Discussion:
Cutaneous mastocytosis in children may present as a complex disease with different clinical signs and symptoms. Standardized clinical criteria and guidelines for the follow-up of children with mastocytosis are required.
An Unusual Case of Posttraumatic Visual Agnosia Posing Challenges to Rehabilitation
Authors: Thakkar Prince , Thampi Suhany Baby , Keziah Stephy , Ramanathan Saraswathi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Acquired focal visuoperceptual deficits are rarely reported, and rehabilitation strategies are not well established. This is a report on visuoperceptual deficit after traumatic brain injury that initially went unnoticed. Missing visual agnosia is not unusual especially when perceptual deficits present with visual field defects, impaired insight, and inattention. This case is made more interesting because of the rarity of visual agnosia with predominant ventral pathway involvement, affecting object and face recognition. This report provides a brief discussion on visual agnosia spectrum deficits and rehabilitation measures.
Extended Neuralgic Amyotrophy Syndrome in a Confirmed COVID-19 Patient After Intensive Care Unit and Inpatient Rehabilitation Stay
Authors: Alvarez Armando , Amirianfar Edwin , Mason Marisa Carino , Huang Laura , Jose Jean , Tiu Timothy 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The cause of neuralgic amyotrophy is often unknown but is commonly associated with a recent upper respiratory viral tract infection. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a tireless effort to understand the sequelae of the virus. A 46-yr-old woman who presented after a COVID-19 hospitalization complicated by hypoxic respiratory failure requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation for 23 days was subsequently found to have lower limb sensorium changes as well as upper limb weakness. Left shoulder abduction and extension were both 3/5 in motor strength, and left hip flexion strength was 4/5 with diminished sensation to crude touch in the left lateral thigh. Nerve conduction studies and electromyography findings included a mild left median neuropathy at the wrist and motor unit recruitment pattern consistent with a chronic left upper trunk plexopathy with reinnervation. The case presented describes an extended neuralgic amyotrophy syndrome from an atraumatic mechanism in a previously diagnosed COVID-19 patient. An extended neuralgic amyotrophy syndrome has at least three immune mediated etiologies postulated (1) direct neuropathogenicity, (2) molecular mimicry, and (3) direct cytotoxic effects on peripheral nerves. As COVID-19 survivors continue to be seen in outpatient settings, practitioners should remain aware of diffuse neurological complications as sequelae of the virus persist.
Fungal Infection in Burn Patents
Authors: Tu Yiji , Lineaweaver William C. , Breland Andrew , Zhang Feng 
Published: May 2021

ObjectivesThe aims of this study were to review recent fungal infection case reports published, evaluate the treatment regimens and clinical outcomes, and provide recommendations for future management.MethodsA review of case reports published over the last decade was conducted. PubMed was searched to collect the relevant citations using a combination of the key words (“burn,” “burned,” “burns,” “fungal,” “fungi,” and “fungus”) in title or abstract. Case series, reviews, guidelines, and experimental and non-English studies were excluded. Statistical analyses were performed using Microsoft Excel 2019.ResultsA total of 36 case reports encompassing a total of 44 burn patients with fungal infection were included in the final analysis. Ablative surgeries, including surgical excision, debridement, skin graft, vitrectomy, teeth extraction, valve replacement, or amputation, were performed in 38 cases after the suspicion or identification of fungal infection. Twenty-nine of them were eventually discharged, yielding a survival rate of 76.3%. In the remaining 6 cases, ablative surgery was not mentioned and 3 of them eventually died, yielding a survival rate of 50%. The total mortality was 27.27%. Among the 12 death cases, 1 was infected withCandida albicans, 1 with non-albicans Candida, 2 withAspergillusspp, 2 withFusariumspp, 4 with Zygomycetes, and 2 with other fungal species.ConclusionsThe overall mortality of fungal wound infection is still high in burn patients around the world, especially those infected with non-Candidaspecies. Early diagnosis of fungal infection, early initiation of appropriate antifungal therapy, and effective surgical intervention are key measures to improve the treatment effect and reduce the mortality of fungal infection in burn patients.
Impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on healthcare workers: systematic comparison between nurses and medical doctors
Authors: Kunz Miriam , Strasser Martina , Hasan Alkomiet 
Published: May 2021

Purpose of review
The COVID-19 outbreak has had major impact on individual's psychological health and overall well being worldwide. Evidence shows that these psychological challenges are especially prominent in healthcare workers (HCW); especially in nurses. Indeed, several studies report that nurses suffer more psychologically because of the consequences of the pandemic compared with medical doctors. To further look into this, we systematically review the recent literature to see whether the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic differs between medical doctors and nurses across studies and which aspects of mental health are especially affected in nurses.

Recent findings
Across studies, there is solid evidence that nurses show poorer mental health outcomes compared with medical doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is especially true for symptoms of depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Here, prevalence rates in nurses are often higher than 50%. In contrast, general stress levels and burnout seem to be comparable between nurses and medical doctors.

Summary
Given that nurses suffer more from depression, anxiety and PTSD symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic, special programs addressing their needs are required.
When rare meets common: Treatable genetic diseases are enriched in the general psychiatric population
Authors: Sriretnakumar Venuja , Harripaul Ricardo , Kennedy James L. , So Joyce 
Published: May 2021

1.1SummaryMental illnesses are one of the biggest contributors to the global disease burden. Despite the increased recognition, diagnosis and ongoing research of mental health disorders, the etiology and underlying molecular mechanisms of these disorders are yet to be fully elucidated. Moreover, despite many treatment options available, a large subset of the psychiatric patient population is non-responsive to standard medications and therapies. There has not been a comprehensive study to date examining the burden and impact of treatable genetic disorders (TGDs) that can present with neuropsychiatric features in psychiatric patient populations. In this study, we test the hypothesis that TGDs that present with psychiatric symptoms are more prevalent within psychiatric patient populations compared to the general population by performing targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) of 129 genes associated with 108 TGDs in a cohort of 2301 psychiatric patients. In total, 72 putative affected and 293 putative carriers for TGDs were identified, with known or likely pathogenic variants in 78 genes. Despite screening for only 108 genetic disorders, this study showed an approximately four-fold (4.13%) enrichment for genetic disorders within the psychiatric population relative to the estimated 1% cumulative prevalence of all single gene disorders globally. This strongly suggests that the prevalence of these, and most likely all, genetic diseases are greatly underestimated in psychiatric populations. Increasing awareness and ensuring accurate diagnosis of TGDs will open new avenues to targeted treatment for a subset of psychiatric patients.
Development of a quantitative antigen assay to detect coccidioidal chitinase-1 (CTS1) in human serum
Authors: Grill Francisca J. , Grys Thomas E. , Grill Marie F. , Roeder Alexa , Blair Janis E. , Lake Douglas F. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundCoccidioidomycosis is often diagnosed with a collection of tests that rely on the patient’s ability to mount an immune response to the fungus (antibody-based diagnostics), making diagnosis of this infection challenging. Here we present an antigen-based assay that detects and quantifies coccidioidal chitinase-1 (CTS1) in human serum.MethodsAn inhibition-based enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) was developed that utilizes a monoclonal antibody specific for coccidioidal CTS1. CTS1 was quantified in commercial antigen preparations using recombinant CTS1 as a standard. Sera from 192 individuals from an endemic area were tested which included 78 patients (40.6%) with proven or probable coccidioidomycosis.ResultsThe quantity of CTS1 in diagnostic commercial antigen preparations from different suppliers varied. CTS1 antigenemia was detected in 87.2% of patients with proven or probable coccidioidomycosis. Specificity was determined to be 96.94% using serum from individuals who reside in the Phoenix, Arizona area who did not have coccidioidomycosis. Levels of CTS1 correlated with low- and high-titer serology from patients with a coccidioidomycosis diagnosis.ConclusionsSince the CTS1 inhibition ELISA described in this report does not depend on the host immune response, it is a promising diagnostic tool to aid in diagnosis and disease monitoring of coccidioidomycosis.SummaryDiagnosis of coccidioidomycosis often relies on the host’s ability to mount an immune response. Here we present an antigen-based assay that detects and quantifies coccidioidal chitinase-1 in human serum to diagnose coccidioidomycosis independent of host immune status.
Multilocus drug resistance mutation analysis in 148 HBV patients in northern Henan Province of China
Authors: Zhou Zexin , Chen Minglei , Li Penghua , Yang Junzheng 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo analyze the genotypes and reverse transcriptase mutations gene sites in hepatitis B (HBV) patients in northern Henan Province from 2016 to 2018, which treated by tenofovir dipivoxil(TDF), Lbivudine(LDT), adefovir(ADV), lamivudine (LAM) and entecavir(ETV) analogues, to provide evidences for rational drug use and antiviral therapy for HBV patients.MethodsHBV patients’ serum DNA was extracted, specific primers were designed for YMDD mutation sites in conservative regions; DNA sequencing of the PCR products was carried out by PCR amplification combined with Dideoxygenation termination sequencing(DDT), and then analyzed genotype and reverse transcriptase mutations gene sites of HBV patients.ResultsWe collected 148 samples of HBV patients in northern Henan Province from 2016 to 2018; 97.97% of HBV patients were genotype C and 2.03% were genotype B; there are 46 cases of LAM and FTC resistance mutation, respectively; 28 cases of LDT resistance mutation, 10 cases of ADV resistance mutation, 8 cases of ETV resistance mutation, and 1 case of TDF resistance mutation were detected; the mutation rates of drug resistance was 43.45% in HBV patients with genotype C and 33.33% in HBV patients with genotype B. There was no significant difference in the distribution rate between the two genotypes (P>0.05). The most common mutations types were M204M|V and M204M|I. The M204M|V mutation type often occurred in combination of M204M|V+L180M|L+L173V|L and M204M|V+L180M|L and M204M|V+ L180M|L+V173V|M, while M204M|I mutation type was often occurred alone, M204M|V+L180M|L combination appeared alone or in combination. N236+A181 base substitution was the dominant site in ADV resistance. ETV resistance mutation was based on LAM and ETV resistance, mainly were T184 and S202 base substitution; and LDT resistance mutation was M204M|I.
ConclusionIn this article, PCR and DDT DNA sequencing were used to detect multisite resistance mutations of HBV reverse transcriptase gene in HBV patients. It was found that most of the genotypes of HBV patients in northern Henan Province were genotype C, the combination of drug resistance mutations was complex, and the mutation rates of multidrug resistance genes was high. There was no significant difference in the distribution rate of HBV genotypes among the detected patients, those data may provide evidences for the detection and confirmation of HBV resistance and rational drug use in HBV patients in the region.
Measurement of Respiratory Rate using Wearable Devices and Applications to COVID-19 Detection
Authors: Natarajan Aravind , Su Hao-Wei , Heneghan Conor , Blunt Leanna , O’Connor Corey , Niehaus Logan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe show that heart rate enabled wearable devices can be used to measure respiratory rate. Respiration modulates the heart rate creating excess power in the heart rate variability at a frequency equal to the respiratory rate, a phenomenon known as respiratory sinus arrhythmia. We isolate this component from the power spectral density of the heart beat interval time series, and show that the respiratory rate thus estimated is in good agreement with a validation dataset acquired from sleep studies (root mean squared error = 0.648 min−1, mean absolute percentage error = 3%). Using the same respiratory rate algorithm, we investigate population level characteristics by computing the respiratory rate from 10,000 individuals over a 14 day period, with equal number of males and females ranging in age from 20 - 69 years. 90% of respiratory rate values for healthy adults fall within the range 11.8 min−119.2 min−1with a mean value of 15.4 min−1. Respiratory rate is shown to increase with nocturnal heart rate. It also varies with BMI, reaching a minimum at 25 kg/m2, and increasing for lower and higher BMI. The respiratory rate decreases slightly with age and is higher in females compared to males for age < 50 years, with no difference between females and males thereafter. The 90% range for the coefficient of variation in a 14 day period for females (males) varies from 2.3%−9.2% (2.3%−9.5%) for ages 20−24 yr, to 2.5%−16.8% (2.7%−21.7%) for ages 65−69 yr. We show that respiratory rate is often elevated in subjects diagnosed with COVID-19. In a 7 day window centered on the date when symptoms present (or the test date for asymptomatic cases), we find that 33% (18%) of symptomatic (asymptomatic) individuals had at least one measurement of respiratory rate 3 min−1higher than the regular rate.