bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efektivitas Nebulizer, Breathing Control, dan Batuk Efektif Untuk Sesak Napas dan Aktivitas Fungsional
Authors: Hamidah Nurma Auliya , Presditia Ika Mega , Nugraha Dimas Arya 
Published: December 2024

Tuberkulosis merupakan suatu penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh bakteri mikrobakterium tuberkulosis yang menyerang saluran pernapasan bagian bawah area bronkus hingga alveoli dengan penyebaran dalam bentuk percikan dahak ke udara melalui batuk. Indonesia menempati peringkat kedua dengan jumlah kasus 969 ribu dan kematian 93 ribu per tahun setara dengan 11 kematian per jam. Gejala yang di temukan yaitu batuk berdahak, sesak napas, penurunan ekspansi sangkar thorak dan penurunan aktivitas fungsional. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus pada pasien TB paru di RS Umum Daerah Madiun. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan skala borg untuk menentukan skala derajat sesak napas, Mmrc untuk menentukan fungsional pasien dan pemeriksaan ekspansi sangkar thorak menggunakan midline. Diberikan penanganan fisioterapi berupa Nebulizer dengan frekuensi 3x sehari serta breathing control dan batuk efektif diberikan 2x sehari dengan intensitas 8-10 menit dalam 4 hari, didapatkan terjadi penurunan sesak napas 2 poin, peningkatan ekspansi sangkar thorak sampai 2 tingkatan dan peningkatan fungsional menjadi sesak timbul ketika berjalan cepat. Dapat disimpulkan pemberian Nebulizer, Breathing control, dan batuk efektif untuk menurunkan derajat sesak dan meningkatkan aktivitas fungsioanl pada pasien TB paru.
Education Effectivity in Increasing Adolescent’s Female Awareness in Preventing Anemia
Authors: Riswanto Maulidya Faatihah Rizqii , Rahma Amalia , Ariestiningsih Eka Srirahayu 
Published: December 2024

Adolescents are more susceptible to anemia resulting from iron deficiency. Diverse initiatives have been implemented to reduce the incidence of anemia, which is rising annually. The undertaken efforts do not instantaneously convert an individual into an expert in anemia prevention. This study seeks to determine young women's knowledge and self-awareness levels, along with the factors that affect self-awareness. The design of this study was quasi-experimental, employing a distinct sample for the pretest and posttest. This study was carried out in SMAN 1 Kebomas from July to September 2024, with participants who matched the inclusion criteria. The study sample comprised 79 individuals selected through a purposive sampling method. The instruments used to conduct research were questionnaires, which was adopted from previous similar researchers and and have been retested with a reliability test result of 0.818 namely about knowledge before and after education, and strengthening self-awareness to prevent anemia. The Paired T-test and Linear Regression were employed for analysis. The study indicates a significant difference in the average levels of knowledge and self-awareness, with a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05. The data indicates a significant correlation between family support and self-awareness, with a p-value of 0.03 < 0.05, as well as between peer support and self-awareness, with a p-value of 0.01 < 0.05. The provision of education can enhance the understanding and self-awareness of young women, bolstered by diverse sources of information, particularly familial and peer support.
EFFECT OF LOCALLY ISOLATED <i>SCENEDESMUS</i> SP. TN1 ON BIOMASS PRODUCTION AND NUTRIENT REMOVAL FROM COOKING COCOON WASTEWATER: EFFECTS OF INITIAL ALGAL CELL DENSITY AND TEMPERATURE
Authors: Le Thi Anh Tu 
Published: December 2024

Scenedesmus sp. TN1, a local freshwater microalga, was cultivated in cooking cocoon wastewater. The effects of initial algal cell density and temperature on microalgae growth and the removal of total nitrogen (T-N), total phosphorus (T-P), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were studied. The initial algal cell densities were 5, 10, 15, and 20 mg/l. The experimental temperatures varied from 20 °C to 30 °C. The growth rate increased with the increase in initial algal cell density up to 15 mg/l and was statistically stable thereafter. A similar trend of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and COD removal efficiency was observed. The optimum temperature for microalgae growth and nutrient removal was 30 °C. After 9 days of cultivation, Scenedesmus sp. TN1 exhibited nutrient removal efficiencies of 88.28%, 82.91%, 92.01%, and 89.16% for T-N, T-P, biological oxygen demand (BOD5), and COD, respectively. The maximum biomass production and nutrient removal efficiencies of Scenedesmus sp. TN1 were observed at cultivation conditions of 15 mg/l initial algal cell density at 30 °C. This study compiled information on the cultivation conditions for cooking cocoon wastewater treatment practices.
Priming of pop-out in the spatial-cueing paradigm
Authors: Kerzel Dirk , Lamy Dominique 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSearching for a unique target is faster when its unique feature repeats than when it changes. The standard account for this priming-of-popout (PoP) phenomenon is that selecting a target increases the attentional priority of its features in subsequent searches. However, empirical tests of this priority account have yielded contradictory findings. Here, we attempted to clarify why support of its predictions has been elusive in spatial-cueing studies. We noted that the repetition manipulation is stronger in PoP studies than in spatial-cueing studies: The target and nontarget features either repeat or swap in the former, whereas in the latter, the target color either repeats or changes while the nontarget color remains constant. Here, we implemented the stronger repetition manipulation in the spatial-cueing paradigm. If PoP affects attentional priority, the cue-validity effect should be larger when the current-cue color and previous-target color match than when they mismatch. The results of Experiment 1 revealed the opposite effect. Moreover, they showed that well-replicated contingent-capture effects do not hold when target and nontarget colors are allowed to swap—an observation that was confirmed in Experiment 2. In Experiment 3, we verified that with our experimental set-up, a subtle manipulation of attentional priority could modulate cue-validity effects. While the present study does not resolve why evidence for the priority account is inconsistent with the spatial-cueing paradigm, they eliminate one possible reason for such inconsistency. They also reveal that allowing the target and distractors color to swap masks contingent-capture effects, thereby highlighting the complexity of spatial-cueing effects.
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Konsumen Terkait Refund pada Pembayaran Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard dalam Transaksi E-Money Perspektif Fatwa DSN MUI No: 116/DSN- MUI/IX/2017 (Studi pada Platform Media Sosial Twitter)
Authors: Pujaka Jhody , Khamal Rokan Mustapa 
Published: December 2024

Dengan penekanan pada tata cara pengembalian dana sesuai dengan Fatwa DSN MUI No: 116/DSN-MUI/IX/2017, penelitian ini mengkaji tentang perlindungan hukum bagi nasabah dalam transaksi uang e-money dengan menggunakan QRIS (Quick Response Code Standar Indonesia). Dengan menggunakan metodologi penelitian yuridis kualitatif dan empiris, penelitian ini mengkaji interaksi hukum pada situs media sosial Twitter. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, terdapat dua hal yang menjadi kesimpulan, yaitu: keberhasilan proses refund, dan kegagalan proses refund. Meskipun ada regulasi yang mendukung perlindungan konsumen, banyak pengguna mengalami kendala dalam proses refund, seperti keterlambatan penanganan dan kurangnya transparansi dari penyedia layanan. Pengguna melaporkan frustrasi terkait lambatnya respons customer service dan ketidakjelasan prosedur refund, yang mengakibatkan kerugian finansial dan immaterial. Penelitian ini menekankan perlunya peningkatan mekanisme pengaduan dan transparansi dalam proses refund untuk memperkuat perlindungan konsumen serta mendorong kepatuhan penyedia layanan terhadap peraturan yang berlaku. Diharapkan para pembuat kebijakan dan penyedia layanan akan menggunakan temuan ini sebagai panduan untuk meningkatkan kualitas penawaran mereka dan perlindungan hukum bagi konsumen di era digital.
JWST Captures a Sudden Stellar Outburst and Inner Disk Wall Destruction
Authors: Xie Chengyan , Pascucci Ilaria , Deng Dingshan , Bajaj Naman S. , Alexander Richard , Sellek Andrew , Kóspál Ágnes , Ballabio Giulia , Gorti Uma 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We analyze JWST/MIRI observations of T Cha, a highly variable (ΔV ∼ 3–5 mag) accreting Sun-like star surrounded by a disk with a large (∼15 au) dust gap. We find that the JWST mid-IR spectrum is significantly different from the Spitzer spectrum obtained 17 yr before—the emission at short wavelengths (5–10 μm) has decreased by ∼2/3 while that at longer wavelengths (15–25 μm) has increased by up to a factor of ∼3. The JWST spectrum is contemporaneous with a fairly constant higher optical emission captured by the All Sky Automated Survey. After analyzing and modeling both spectral energy distributions, we propose that JWST caught the star during an outburst that partly destroyed and significantly reduced the height of the asymmetric inner disk wall responsible for the high optical variability and lower 15–25 μm emission during the Spitzer period. The dust mass lost during this outburst is estimated to be comparable (∼1/5) to the upper limit of the total micron-sized dust mass in the inner disk of T Cha now. Monitoring this system during possible future outbursts and more observations of its quiescent state will reveal if the inner disk can be replenished or will continue to be depleted and vanish.
Multiwavelength Afterglow Analysis of GRB 221009A: Unveiling the Evolution of a Cooling Break in a Wind-like Medium
Authors: Tak Donggeun , Uhm Z. Lucas , Paek Gregory S. H. , Im Myungshin , Arimoto Makoto , Choi Hyeonho , Kim Sophia , Omodei Nicola , Racusin Judith , Urata Yuji , Zhang Bing 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most energetic explosions in the Universe, and their afterglow emission provides an opportunity to probe the physics of relativistic shock waves in an extreme environment. Several key pieces for completing the picture of GRB afterglow physics are still missing, including jet properties, the emission mechanism, and particle acceleration. Here, we present a study of the afterglow emission of GRB 221009A, the most energetic GRB ever observed. Using optical, X-ray, and gamma-ray data up to approximately 2 days after the trigger, we trace the evolution of the multiwavelength spectrum and the physical parameters behind the emission process. The broadband spectrum is consistent with the synchrotron emission emitted by relativistic electrons with its index of p = 2.29 ± 0.02. We identify a break energy at keV and an exponential cutoff at GeV in the observed multiwavelength spectrum. The break energy increases in time from

16.0

−
4.9

+
7.1

keV at 0.65 days to

46.8

−
15.5

+
25.0

keV at 1.68 days, favoring a stellar-wind-like profile of the circumburst medium with k = 2.4 ± 0.1 as in ρ(r) ∝ r
−k
. The high-energy attenuation at around 0.4 to 4 GeV is attributed to the maximum of the particle acceleration in the relativistic shock wave. This study confirms that the synchrotron process can explain the multiwavelength afterglow emission and its evolution.
The Double-white-dwarf Merger Rate from ZTF
Authors: Maoz Dan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Using the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF), Burdge et al. discovered systems of eclipsing double white dwarfs (EDWDs) having orbital periods < 1 hr. From the properties of 3 of the discovered systems, I estimate a merger rate of DWDs, per unit stellar mass in the Galaxy, of R
merge,M* ≈ 4.8 × 10−13 yr

−
1

M

⊙

−
1

. This likely somewhat underestimates the rate, because of several known effects that work against EDWD detection in ZTF. The derived merger rate is within the uncertainty range, R
merge,M* = (4.6−5.8) × 10−13 yr

−
1

M

⊙

−
1

, measured independently by Maoz et al. based on two samples of DWDs discovered via radial-velocity variations. Based on the expected period distribution of DWDs and their detectability, of order 100 additional EDWDs with periods > 1 hr are discoverable in ZTF, with potential to significantly improve the merger-rate’s measurement precision.
Comparison of Triangular Technique, Double Triangular Technique and Pentagonal Technique of Frontalis Sling Surgery in Ptosis Correction
Authors: Vivek Kumar , Reetika  , Kumar Vinay , Ganguly Anasua , Mohan Nilesh , Bajaj Mandeep S , Ghose Supriyo 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
To compare Triangular technique, Double Triangular technique and Pentagonal technique of Frontalis Sling surgery in ptosis correction in congenital ptosis patients.

Methods:
Cases with bilateral congenital simple ptosis with poor levator action, Blepharophimosis syndrome and severe unilateral congenital ptosis with very poor levator action were randomized to either of the three methods of Frontalis sling surgery. All the three methods were compared in terms of postoperative correction and complications.

Results:
A comparable amount of ptosis correction was seen in all the three techniques. A better lid fold formation was seen in the Pentagonal and the Double Triangular technique and Pentagonal procedure was found to be the simplest technique to perform.

Conclusion:
Pentagonal technique is an optimal procedure of Frontalis suspension for the correction of congenital ptosis, although, all the three procedures gave comparable surgical results and the overall cosmesis was acceptable to the patients.
Importance of LVAs in Blind Schools
Authors: Purohit Abhishek , Gaikwad Namrata , Srivastava Ulka , Varma Pushpa 
Published: December 2024

Low Vision Aids (LVAs) are optical devices that improve residual vision by magnifying the image of an object formed at retina.
The principle aim of our study was to identify the number of children with useful residual vision in blind schools of Indore and assess their need for LVAs. 152(100%) children (5-25yrs) of 4 blind schools of Indore were enrolled in this cross sectional study, of which 96(63.16%) children with useful residual vision were refracted & analyzed.
A detailed ophthalmic evaluation included complete history and thorough ocular examination was done. Children with VA greater than light perception who had useful residual vision were assessed with hand held fixed focus telescopes for distance while magnifying spectacles, hand held magnifiers and telscopic lenses for near.
After best correction, 89(58.55%) children were found to be blind (3/60 to PL+) and 7(4.60%) had se-vere visual impairment (6/60 to 3/60). For distance, 8(5.26%) children showed an improvement in visual acuity with spectacles and 10(6.57%) improved with fixed focus hand held telescope.
For near vision, 13(8.55%) children improved with magnifying spectacles in half eye frame, 4(2.63%) with telescopic magnifiers and another 13(8.55%) accepted magnifying hand held lenses.
Importance of LVAs in Blind Schools Thus, our study emphasizes on the need for ophthalmic evaluation, refraction & assessment for LVAs & spectacles in children with useful residual vision in blind schools and periodic review thereafter.
A case report on weak subgroup of A: Aend
Authors: Lahare Saurabh , Chandrakar Ramesh , Wasnik Minal 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
A end is a weak subgroup of Blood group A, found rarely in general population, not detected by routine forward and reverse blood grouping, detected by Adsorption/Elution technique along with saliva testing for A, B and H antigens. Although it is subgroup of A but it lacks A antigen in saliva and contains only H antigen. A 25y/M was accepted for blood donation and showed weak/mf reaction with anti-A in forward grouping. On Adsorption/Elution testing eluate gave 2+ reaction with known A1 cells, and Saliva testing showed presence of only H substance. A weak A can be mistyped as O & can lead to a Hemolytic transfusion reaction so anti-H, anti-A1 & anti-AB should be incorporated in forward grouping and every O group sample should be treated with anti-AB antisera.
Referral Uptake from School Eye Screening Program Conducted at Moradabad (India)
Authors: Agarwal Pradeep , Khurana Ashi , Maan Veenu , Sutar Samir , Chauhan Lokesh 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to report the follow-up rate and outcome of school children who failed visual screening conducted at school.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study using school-based eye screenings in children aged 5–16 years from 103 schools in Moradabad, India, was conducted. Convenience sampling was done for the selection of schools. Primary vision assessment was done by a vision technician and refraction by the optometrist. All reported children were assessed by a pediatric ophthalmologist.

Results:
Of the 45,680 children included in the study, 26,046 (48.3%) were girls. Of all, 6% were referred for further examination. A total of 395 (14.1%) children were reported for further examination. Major barriers were: parents were not interested (356; 12.7%), time concerns (195; 6.9%), no specific reason (62; 2.2%), no one to accompany (49; 1.8%), and cannot afford travel cost (27; 1%). Of all reported, 102 (25.8%; “53 females; 49 males”) children were emmetropic, 217 (54.9%; “124 females; 93 males”) had a refractive error, and 76 (19.2%) had other eye diseases.

Conclusion:
Follow-up rates in children referred from school-based eye screening remain challenging. Interventions to improve follow-up rates should be incorporated during the planning of these programs. Monitoring and reporting of these programs need to be improved.
A Study to Determine if the Incidence and Risk Factors of Retinopathy of Prematurity have Changed During the COVID Period in a Pediatric Care Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Wadhwani Meenakshi , Kumar Amit , Jajoo Mamta 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) remains one of the leading causes of childhood blindness worldwide. India is experiencing the “third epidemic” of blindness due to ROP and is the country with highest number of 3.5 million preterm births annually. Globally, more than 50,000 children are affected with ROP. In India, nearly 500 children are estimated to be blind due to ROP every year.

Aim:
The study was done to determine if there was a change in incidence and risk factors of ROP during the COVID period as during that period, it was very difficult for the neonates to undergo timely screening for ROP to prevent blinding complications.

Methods:
A total of 196 preterm babies were screened during the COVID pandemic in the year 2020–2021 using standard precautions by the same ophthalmologist in a tertiary care pediatric hospital. The babies systemic risk factors were also recorded along with ocular screening.

Results:
A total of 38 babies had type 1 treatable ROP and 3 of these developed end-stage ROP. All these presented late due to delay in getting admitted to the hospital neonatology services.

Conclusion:
The study highlights that the incidence of ROP increased as compared to the previous year in the pre-COVID period due to delays in screening and lack of knowledge of pediatricians in the far periphery for ROP screening in preterm babies.
A Cross-Sectional Study of Structural and Functional Assessment in Early and Moderate Cases of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma
Authors: Sehgal Akriti , Singla Ritesh , Kaur Rajwinder , Kaur Tanvir , Gupta Priyanka , Dahiya Priyanka 
Published: December 2024

Aim:
To assess and compare the structural and functional changes in early and moderate cases of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).

Materials and Methods:
An observational, cross-sectional study was done on patients with POAG presenting to a tertiary eye center in Northern India. The structural assessment was based on peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness which was measured using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and functional assessment was visual field (VF) assessment which was done using the Humphrey Field analyzer model 740i. Patients were divided into groups according to Hodapp, Parrish, and Anderson’s criteria.

Results:
Fifty eyes (26 patients) with POAG were included in the study. There were 26 (52%) right eyes and 24 (48%) left eyes. Patients’ average age in the early group was 50.90 ± 6.14 years and the moderate group was 54.40 ± 7.51 years. The RNFL thickness was compared among early and moderate cases of POAG. In early cases, RNFL thickness was found to be 106.33 ± 7.09, and in moderate cases, it was 78.93 ± 26.2. The VF indices were compared among early and moderate cases. In early glaucoma, the mean deviation (MD) was found to be −2.82 ± 0.73, and in moderate glaucoma, it was found to be −11.49 ± 8.26. This correlation between structural and functional changes was found to be statistically significant for superior, inferior, average RNFL thickness, and VF MD. Nasal and temporal RNFL and MD were moderately correlated.

Conclusion:
In our study, we correlated RNFL thickness with VF indices. This correlation between structural and functional changes was found to be statistically significant for superior, inferior, average RNFL thickness, and VF indices. Hence, optical coherence tomography seemed to identify RNFL alterations in early glaucoma even when the VFs and disc appear normal.
A New Perspective on Eyelid Laceration Classification: Proposal Based on Study Conducted at a Tertiary Eye Care Centre in South India
Authors: Philips Christina Daisy , Pandharpurkar Modini 
Published: December 2024

Context and aim:
Eyelid lacerations can result in morbid changes, both functionally and aesthetically. For meticulous repair and best outcome, a systematic and stratified approach is warranted. Hence we aimed at formulating and employing a simple classification for eyelid lacerations presenting at our emergency department which can also aid for research purposes.

Methods:
A single centre prospective study was conducted at our tertiary eye care centre from July 2018 to July 2020. We designed a classification system based on existing classifications and clinico-anatomical presentations. Sarojini devi eye Hospital Eyelid Laceration (SHEL) classification was then prospectively applied to the patients presenting to our hospital.

Results:
An uncomplicated and comprehensive classification was designed including two major types of laceration with relevant subtypes. Eyelid injuries in a total of 300 patients were evaluated in this study. Interobserver variation and bias was noticed to be reduced and a more universal approach was achieved in planning repairs timely and effectively. This classification was implemented in the lid repair protocol and used in other in-house studies based on eyelid lacerations.

Conclusion:
The classification appeared to be a dependable system to address and document various eyelid lacerations and would guide oculoplastic surgeons to provide optimal outcomes.