bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On measurement of photon polarization in radiative penguin B decays to baryons
Authors: Pakhlov P. , Uglov T. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA measurement of the photon polarization in radiative penguinBdecays provides a test of the Standard Model and a probe for New Physics, that can lead to a deviation from the Standard Model prediction of left-handed photons in$$b\rightarrow s \gamma $$b→sγ. We propose a new method to measure the photon polarization using the baryonic decay$$B^- \rightarrow \Lambda \bar{p} \gamma $$B-→Λp¯γ. TheP-violating$$\Lambda $$Λ-hyperon decay allows a measurement of the$$\Lambda $$Λhelicity to be performed, which can be uniquely related to the photon polarization in a model-independent way. The$$B^- \rightarrow \Lambda \bar{p} \gamma $$B-→Λp¯γdecay was recently measured to have a large branching fraction providing a possibility to get meaningful results with the data already available at LHC and B-factory experiments. An increase of theB-meson sample at high luminosity LHC experiments and Belle II should provide a really stringent test by using this method already in the near future.
Lepton flavour violation in rare $$\Lambda _b$$ decays
Authors: Bordone Marzia , Rahimi Muslem , Vos K. Keri 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLepton flavour violation (LFV) naturally occurs in many new physics models, specifically in those explaining theBanomalies. While LFV has already been studied for mesonic decays, it is important to consider also baryonic decays mediated by the same quark transition. In this paper, we study LFV in the baryonic$$\Lambda _b \rightarrow \Lambda \ell _1 \ell _2$$Λb→Λℓ1ℓ2using for the first time a full basis of New Physics operators. We present expected bounds on the branching ratio in a model-independent framework and using two specific new physics models. Finally, we point out the interplay and orthogonality between the baryonic and mesonic LFV searches.
Ultracompact stars with polynomial complexity by gravitational decoupling
Authors: Carrasco-Hidalgo M. , Contreras E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this work we construct an ultracompact star configuration in the framework of Gravitational Decoupling by the Minimal Geometric Deformation approach. We use the complexity factor as a complementary condition to close the system of differential equations. It is shown that for a polynomial complexity the resulting solution can be matched with two different modified-vacuum geometries.
Tracking droplets in soft granular flows with deep learning techniques
Authors: Durve Mihir , Bonaccorso Fabio , Montessori Andrea , Lauricella Marco , Tiribocchi Adriano , Succi Sauro 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe state-of-the-art deep learning-based object recognition YOLO algorithm and object tracking DeepSORT algorithm are combined to analyze digital images from fluid dynamic simulations of multi-core emulsions and soft flowing crystals and to track moving droplets within these complex flows. The YOLO network was trained to recognize the droplets with synthetically prepared data, thereby bypassing the labor-intensive data acquisition process. In both applications, the trained YOLO + DeepSORT procedure performs with high accuracy on the real data from the fluid simulations, with low error levels in the inferred trajectories of the droplets and independently computed ground truth. Moreover, using commonly used desktop GPUs, the developed application is capable of analyzing data at speeds that exceed the typical image acquisition rates of digital cameras (30 fps), opening the interesting prospect of realizing a low-cost and practical tool to study systems with many moving objects, mostly but not exclusively, biological ones. Besides its practical applications, the procedure presented here marks the first step towards the automatic extraction of effective equations of motion of many-body soft flowing systems.
Cardiovascular Health Trajectories and Elevated C‐Reactive Protein: The CARDIA Study
Authors: Ruiz‐Ramie Jonathan J. , Barber Jacob L. , Lloyd‐Jones Donald M. , Gross Myron D. , Rana Jamal S. , Sidney Stephen , Jacobs David R. , Lane‐Cordova Abbi D. , Sarzynski Mark A. 
Published: August 2021

Background
The relationship between long‐term cardiovascular health (CVH) patterns and elevated CRP (C‐reactive protein) in late middle age has yet to be investigated. We aimed to assess this relationship.

Methods and Results
Individual CVH components were measured in 4405 Black and White men and women (aged 18–30 years at baseline) in the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) study at 8 examinations over 25 years. CRP was measured at 4 examinations (years 7, 15, 20, and 25). Latent class modeling was used to identify individuals with similar trajectories in CVH from young adulthood to middle age. Multivariable Poisson regression models were used to assess the association between race‐specific CVH trajectories and prevalence of elevated CRP levels (>3.0 mg/L) after 25 years of follow‐up. Five distinct CVH trajectories were identified for each race. Lower and decreasing trajectories had higher prevalence of elevated CRP relative to the highest trajectory. Prevalence ratios for elevated CRP in lowest trajectory groups at year 25 were 2.58 (95% CI, 1.89–3.51) and 7.20 (95% CI, 5.09–10.18) among Black and White people, respectively. Prevalence ratios for chronically elevated CRP (elevated CRP at 3 or more of the examinations) in the lowest trajectory groups were 8.37 (95% CI, 4.37–16.00) and 15.89 (95% CI, 9.01–28.02) among Black and White people, respectively.

Conclusions
Lower and decreasing CVH trajectories are associated with higher prevalence of elevated CRP during the transition from young adulthood to middle age.
Right Heart Catheterization in Cardiogenic Shock Is Associated With Improved Outcomes: Insights From the Nationwide Readmissions Database
Authors: Ranka Sagar , Mastoris Ioannis , Kapur Navin K. , Tedford Ryan J. , Rali Aniket , Acharya Prakash , Weidling Robert , Goyal Amandeep , Sauer Andrew J. , Gupta Bhanu , Haglund Nicholas , Gupta Kamal , Fang James C. , Lindenfeld JoAnn , Shah Zubair 
Published: August 2021

Background
The usefulness of right heart catherization (RHC) has long been debated, and thus, we aimed to study the real‐world impact of the use of RHC in cardiogenic shock.

Methods and Results

In the Nationwide Readmissions Database using
International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision
(
ICD‐1
0
), we identified 236 156 patient hospitalizations with cardiogenic shock between 2016 and 2017. We sought to evaluate the impact of RHC during index hospitalization on management strategies, complications, and outcomes as well as on 30‐day readmission rate. A total 25 840 patients (9.6%) received RHC on index admission. The RHC group had significantly more comorbidities compared with the non‐RHC group. During the index admission, the RHC group had lower death (25.8% versus 39.5%,
P
<0.001) and stroke rates (3.1% versus 3.4%,
P
<0.001). Thirty‐day readmission rates (18.7% versus 19.7%,
P
=0.04) and death on readmission (7.9% versus 9.3%,
P
=0.03) were also lower in the RHC group. After adjustment, RHC was associated with lower index admission mortality (odds ratio, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.66–0.72), lower stroke rate (odds ratio, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.72–0.90), lower 30‐day readmission (odds ratio, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.78–0.88), and higher left ventricular assist device implantations/orthotopic heart transplants (odds ratio, 6.05; 95% CI, 4.43–8.28) during rehospitalization. Results were not meaningfully different after excluding patients with cardiac arrest.

Conclusions
RHC use in cardiogenic shock is associated with improved outcomes and increased use of downstream advanced heart failure therapies. Further blinded randomized studies are required to confirm our findings.
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Reveals Incipient Cardiomyopathy Traits in Adult Patients With Phenylketonuria
Authors: Tanacli Radu , Hassel Jan‐Hendrik , Gebker Rolf , Berger Alexander , Gräfe Michael , Schneeweis Christopher , Doeblin Patrick , Fleck Eckart , Stehning Christian , Tacke Frank , Pieske Burkert , Spranger Joachim , Plöckinger Ursula , Ziagaki Athanasia , Kelle Sebastian 
Published: August 2021

Background
Phenylketonuria is the most common inborn error of amino acid metabolism, where oxidative stress and collateral metabolic abnormalities are likely to cause cardiac structural and functional modifications. We aim herein to characterize the cardiac phenotype of adult subjects with phenylketonuria using advanced cardiac imaging.

Methods and Results

Thirty‐nine adult patients with phenylketonuria (age, 30.5±8.7 years; 10‐year mean phenylalanine concentration, 924±330 µmol/L) and 39 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls were investigated. Participants underwent a comprehensive cardiac magnetic resonance and echocardiography examination. Ten‐year mean plasma levels of phenylalanine and tyrosine were used to quantify disease activity and adherence to treatment. Patients with phenylketonuria had thinner left ventricular walls (septal end‐diastolic thickness, 7.0±17 versus 8.8±1.7 mm [
P
<0.001]; lateral thickness, 6.1±1.4 versus 6.8±1.2 mm [
P
=0.004]), more dilated left ventricular cavity (end‐diastolic volume, 87±14 versus 80±14 mL/m
2
[
P
=0.0178]; end‐systolic volume, 36±9 versus 29±8 mL/m
2
[
P
<0.001]), lower ejection fraction (59±6% versus 64±6% [
P
<0.001]), reduced systolic deformation (global circumferential strain, −29.9±4.2 % versus −32.2±5.0 % [
P
=0.027]), and lower left ventricular mass (38.2±7.9 versus 47.8±11.0 g/m
2
[
P
<0.001]). T1 native values were decreased (936±53 versus 996±26 ms [
P
<0.001]), with particular low values in patients with phenylalanine >1200 µmol/L (909±48 ms). Both mean phenylalanine (
P
=0.013) and tyrosine (
P
=0.035) levels were independently correlated with T1; and in a multiple regression model, higher phenylalanine levels and higher left ventricular mass associate with lower T1.

Conclusions
Cardiac phenotype of adult patients with phenylketonuria reveals some traits of an early‐stage cardiomyopathy. Regular cardiology follow‐up, tighter therapeutic control, and prophylaxis of cardiovascular risk factors, in particular dyslipidemia, are recommended.
Long‐Term Ticagrelor in Patients With Prior Coronary Stenting in the PEGASUS‐TIMI 54 Trial
Authors: Bergmark Brian A. , Bhatt Deepak L. , Steg P. Gabriel , Budaj Andrzej , Storey Robert F. , Gurmu Yared , Kuder Julia F. , Im KyungAh , Magnani Giulia , Oude Ophuis Ton , Hamm Christian , Špinar Jindřich , Kiss Robert G. , Van de Werf Frans J. , Montalescot Gilles , Johanson Per , Braunwald Eugene , Sabatine Marc S. , Bonaca Marc P. 
Published: August 2021

Background
Coronary stent type and risk of stent thrombosis remain important factors affecting recommended duration of dual antiplatelet therapy. We investigated the efficacy and safety of long‐term ticagrelor in patients with prior coronary stenting enrolled in the PEGASUS‐TIMI 54 (Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Prior Heart Attack Using Ticagrelor Compared to Placebo on a Background of Aspirin–Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 54) trial.

Methods and Results

Patients in PEGASUS‐TIMI 54 had a myocardial infarction 1 to 3 year prior and were randomized 1:1:1 to ticagrelor 60 or 90 mg BID or placebo. The primary end point was a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (major adverse cardiovascular events). Stent thrombosis was prospectively adjudicated (Academic Research Consortium definition). Baseline characteristics were compared by most recent stent type (bare metal versus drug‐eluting stent and first‐ versus later‐generation drug‐eluting stent). Treatment arms were compared using Cox proportional hazards models. Of 21 162 patients randomized, 80% (n=16 891) had prior coronary stenting. Following randomization, myocardial infarction was the most frequent ischemic event in patients with prior stenting in the placebo arm, occurring in 5.2% of patients (Type 1: 4.1%), followed by cardiovascular death (2.3%), stroke (1.7%), and stent thrombosis (0.9%). Ticagrelor
pooled
reduced major adverse cardiovascular events (7.0% versus 8.0%; hazard ratio [HR], 0.85; 95% CI, 0.75–96) regardless of stent type (bare metal stent versus drug‐eluting stent: p
interaction
=0.767; first versus later generation: p
interaction
=0.940). The rate of any stent thrombosis was numerically lower with ticagrelor
pooled
(0.7% versus 0.9%; HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.50–1.05) and Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction major bleeding was increased (HR, 2.65; 95% CI, 1.90–3.68).

Conclusions
Long‐term ticagrelor reduces major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with prior myocardial infarction and coronary stenting regardless of stent type, with the benefit driven predominantly by reduction in de novo events. Nonfatal major bleeding is increased with ticagrelor.

Registration Information
clinicaltrials.gov. Identifier: NCT01225562.
Association Between Testosterone Treatment and Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Events Among US Male Veterans With Low Testosterone Levels and Multiple Medical Comorbidities
Authors: Shores Molly M. , Walsh Thomas J. , Korpak Anna , Krakauer Chloe , Forsberg Christopher W. , Fox Alexandra E. , Moore Kathryn P. , Heckbert Susan R. , Thompson Mary Lou , Smith Nicholas L. , Matsumoto Alvin M. 
Published: August 2021

Background
Testosterone treatment is common in men, although risks for major cardiovascular events are unclear.

Methods and Results
A study was conducted in US male veterans, aged ≥40 years, with low serum testosterone and multiple medical comorbidities and without history of myocardial infarction, stroke, venous thromboembolism, prostate cancer, or testosterone treatment in the prior year. For the primary outcome, we examined if testosterone treatment was associated with a composite cardiovascular outcome (incident myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, or venous thromboembolism). Testosterone use was modeled as intramuscular or transdermal and as current use, former use, and no use. Current testosterone users were compared with former users to reduce confounding by indication. The cohort consisted of 204 857 men with a mean (SD) age of 60.9 (9.9) years and 4.7 (3.5) chronic medical conditions. During follow‐up of 4.3 (2.8) years, 12 645 composite cardiovascular events occurred. In adjusted Cox regression analyses, current use of transdermal testosterone was not associated with risk for the composite cardiovascular outcome (hazard ratio [HR], 0.89; 95% CI, 0.76–1.05) in those without prevalent cardiovascular disease, and in those with prevalent cardiovascular disease was associated with lower risk (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.70–0.91). In similar analyses, current use of intramuscular testosterone was not associated with risk for the composite cardiovascular outcome in men without or with prevalent cardiovascular disease (HR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.80–1.04; HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.89–1.09, respectively).

Conclusions
In a large cohort of men without a history of myocardial infarction, stroke, or venous thromboembolism, testosterone treatment was not associated with increased risk for incident composite cardiovascular events.
Novel Prehospital Triage Scale for Detecting Large Vessel Occlusion and Its Cause
Authors: Wang Jianan , Gong Xiaoxian , Zhong Wansi , Zhou Ying , Lou Min 
Published: August 2021

Background
Patients with large vessel occlusion stroke (LVOS) need to be rapidly identified and transferred to comprehensive stroke centers. However, current prehospital evaluation and strategies still remain challenging.

Methods and Results
We retrospectively reviewed our prospectively collected database of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Based on the items of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and medical history that had a strong association with LVOS, we designed the 4‐item Stroke Scale (4I‐SS) and validated it in multi‐centers. The 4I‐SS incorporated gaze, level of consciousness, arm weakness, and atrial fibrillation. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to compare the 4I‐SS with previously established prehospital prediction scales. Finally, 1630 and 11 440 patients were included in the derivation and validation cohort, respectively. In the validation cohort, Youden Index, area under the curve, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of the 4I‐SS≥4 to predict LVOS were 0.494, 0.800, 0.657, 0.837, 0.600, 0.868, and 0.788, respectively, and that of the 4I‐SS≥7 to predict basilar artery occlusion were 0.200, 0.669, 0.229, 0.971, 0.066, 0.974, and 0.899, respectively. Youden Index and area under the curve were higher than previously published scales for predicting LVOS. Further analysis showed that for predicting whether cardiogenic embolism was the cause, its accuracy was 0.922 when the 4I‐SS score, including atrial fibrillation, was ≥6, and its accuracy of predicting the occluded vessel was intracranial internal carotid artery or M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery when it was ≥7 was 0.590.

Conclusions
The 4I‐SS is an effective and simple tool that can identify LVOS and its cause.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03317639.
Improvement of Vascular Endothelial Function Reflects Nonrecurrence After Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Kanazawa Hisanori , Kaikita Koichi , Ito Miwa , Kawahara Yusei , Hoshiyama Tadashi , Kanemaru Yusuke , Kiyama Takuya , Iwashita Satomi , Tabata Noriaki , Yamanaga Kenshi , Fujisue Koichiro , Sueta Daisuke , Takashio Seiji , Arima Yuichiro , Araki Satoshi , Usuku Hiroki , Nakamura Taishi , Izumiya Yasuhiro , Sakamoto Kenji , Suzuki Satoru , Yamamoto Eiichiro , Soejima Hirofumi , Matsushita Kenichi , Tsujita Kenichi 
Published: August 2021

Background
The clinical implication of vascular endothelial dysfunction in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the correlation between changes in vascular endothelial function assessed by reactive hyperemia‐peripheral arterial tonometry and the effect of sinus rhythm restoration after catheter ablation (CA) for AF.

Methods and Results

Consecutive 214 patients who underwent CA for AF were included in this single center, retrospective study. The natural logarithmic transformed reactive hyperemia‐peripheral arterial tonometry index (LnRHI) of all patients was measured before CA as well as 3 and 6 months after CA. LnRHI in sinus rhythm was significantly higher than that in AF before CA. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the presence of AF was an independent risk factor for lowering of LnRHI (odds ratio, 4.092;
P
=0.002) before CA. The LnRHI was significantly improved 3 and 6 months after CA in patients without AF recurrence. Multivariate Cox hazard analysis revealed that changes in LnRHI from before to 3 months after CA independently correlated with recurrence of AF (hazard ratio, 0.106;
P
=0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed the decrease in LnRHI levels from before to 3 months after CA as a significant marker that suspects AF recurrence (area under the curve, 0.792; log‐rank test,
P
<0.001).

Conclusions
The presence of AF was independently correlated with the impaired vascular endothelial function assessed by the reactive hyperemia‐peripheral arterial tonometry. Long‐term sinus rhythm restoration after CA for AF might contribute to the improvement of vascular endothelial function, which may reflect the nonrecurrence of AF.
Threatening Beauty and Demonic Seduction: Unveiling Hārītī’s Sexuality
Authors: Lazzerini Simona 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The former child-eating demoness Hārītī is well-known throughout the Buddhist world as a fertility goddess, healer, and protector. However, two eighth-century Chinese esoteric texts, the Da yaochanü Huanximu bing Aizi chengjiufa (Sādhana of the great yakṣiṇī Mother Joy and Priyaṇkara) and the Helidimu zhenyan jing (Sūtra of the mantra of Mother Hārītī), shed light on a more obscure Hārītī, marked by her sexuality and romantic past. This article argues that Hārītī may be understood as a seductress, a potentially sensual deity who remains loyal to her husband but, at the same time, demonstrates the ability to displace her sexuality. More specifically, the article proposes that Hārītī should be recognized as a chaste seductress on two levels: through her relationship with her husband, and through her interaction with those who practice esoteric rituals. Furthermore, Hārītī’s threatening sexuality went beyond Buddhist texts and entered the world of Chinese literature: Song dynasty supernatural tales and Ming era fictional works reveal a less orthodox and more daring way in which the goddess is able to employ her sexuality.
Imperial Authority, Locality, and Gender: The Political Dynamics of Poetry Anthology Compilation in Qing and Early Republican China (1767–1919)
Authors: Li Xiaorong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This article examines two groups of poetry anthologies created in honor of specific locales. The first group, from the late eighteenth to mid-nineteenth century, contains works predominately by men hailing from a specific locale. The second group, from the nineteenth to early twentieth century, comprises poetry anthologies exclusively devoted to women also from specific localities. By tracing connections among the various anthologies, this article aims to identify the defining cultural and political factors in their creation and to reveal the political dynamics of literary production on various levels: 1) the prestigious or canonical collections which acted as models or even counter-models; 2) the continuum and tension between “our dynasty” (the empire) and “our locality”; 3) the promotion of female authors at both the dynastic and local levels; 4) the participation by some early-twentieth century anthologists in the National Learning Movement. These findings demonstrate the importance of studying the creation of poetry anthologies in China’s recent past toward understanding the politics of literary production or cultural initiatives.
Karbala Mourning among the Fāṭimid-Ṭayyibī Shīʿa of India: Doctrinal and Performative Aspects of Sayyidnā Ṭāhir Sayf al-Dīn’s Arabic Marthiya, “O King of Martyrs” (Yā Sayyida l-Shuhadāʾī)
Authors: Qutbuddin Tahera 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The Sayyid al-Shuhadāʾ lament—a poignant fifty-one-stanza Arabic marthiya composed by the Ṭayyibī Dāʿī l-Muṭlaq Sayyidnā Ṭāhir Sayf al-Dīn (d. 1385/1965)—holds an iconic status in the Karbala tradition of the Fāṭimid-Ṭayyibī Shīʿa of India. This article transcribes, translates, and analyses the lament to showcase a distinct religious tradition within a hybrid cultural milieu. The lament’s forms intersect with Arabic poetic conventions set in pre-Islamic times; its themes overlap with Twelver-Shīʿī Karbala laments in Arabic, Persian, and Urdu from the Middle East and South Asia; and its performance stems from melodic Persianate-Urdu recital. Simultaneously, it reflects the Fāṭimid-Ṭayyibī heritage, particularly the teachings of al-Muʾayyad al-Shīrāzī (d. 470/1078), including the fundamentals of their Imāmate doctrine and the salvific importance of weeping for Ḥusayn.