bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pre-pandemic mental health and disruptions to healthcare, economic and housing outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from 12 UK longitudinal studies
Authors: Di Gessa Giorgio , Maddock Jane , Green Michael J. , Thompson Ellen J. , McElroy Eoin , Davies Helena L. , Mundy Jessica , Stevenson Anna J. , Kwong Alex S. F. , Griffith Gareth J. , Katikireddi Srinivasa Vittal , Niedzwiedz Claire L. , Ploubidis George B. , Fitzsimons Emla , Henderson Morag , Silverwood Richard J. , Chaturvedi Nish , Breen Gerome , Steves Claire J. , Steptoe Andrew , Porteous David J. , Patalay Praveetha 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted lives and livelihoods, and people already experiencing mental ill health may have been especially vulnerable.AimsQuantify mental health inequalities in disruptions to healthcare, economic activity and housing.MethodWe examined data from 59 482 participants in 12 UK longitudinal studies with data collected before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Within each study, we estimated the association between psychological distress assessed pre-pandemic and disruptions since the start of the pandemic to healthcare (medication access, procedures or appointments), economic activity (employment, income or working hours) and housing (change of address or household composition). Estimates were pooled across studies.ResultsAcross the analysed data-sets, 28% to 77% of participants experienced at least one disruption, with 2.3–33.2% experiencing disruptions in two or more domains. We found 1 s.d. higher pre-pandemic psychological distress was associated with (a) increased odds of any healthcare disruptions (odds ratio (OR) 1.30, 95% CI 1.20–1.40), with fully adjusted odds ratios ranging from 1.24 (95% CI 1.09–1.41) for disruption to procedures to 1.33 (95% CI 1.20–1.49) for disruptions to prescriptions or medication access; (b) loss of employment (odds ratio 1.13, 95% CI 1.06–1.21) and income (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.06 –1.19), and reductions in working hours/furlough (odds ratio 1.05, 95% CI 1.00–1.09) and (c) increased likelihood of experiencing a disruption in at least two domains (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.18–1.32) or in one domain (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.07–1.16), relative to no disruption. There were no associations with housing disruptions (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.97–1.03).ConclusionsPeople experiencing psychological distress pre-pandemic were more likely to experience healthcare and economic disruptions, and clusters of disruptions across multiple domains during the pandemic. Failing to address these disruptions risks further widening mental health inequalities.
Rhoptry kinase protein 39 (ROP39) is a novel factor that recruits host mitochondria to the parasitophorous vacuole of Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: Fukumoto Junpei , Sakura Takaya , Matsubara Ryuma , Tahara Michiru , Matsuzaki Motomichi , Nagamune Kisaburo 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
Most intracellular pathogens replicate in a vacuole to avoid the defense system of the host. A few pathogens recruit host mitochondria around those vacuoles, but the molecules responsible for mitochondrial recruitment remain unidentified. It is only in the apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii, that mitochondrial association factor 1b (MAF1b) has been identified as an association factor for host mitochondria. Here, we show that rhoptry kinase family protein 39 (ROP39) induces host mitochondrial recruitment in T. gondii. We found that the abundance of ROP39 was increased on host mitochondria extracted from human foreskin fibroblasts (HFFs) infected with T. gondii. ROP39 expressed exogenously in HFFs localized on host mitochondria, indicating that it has the potential to bind to host mitochondria without assistance from other parasite factors. Confocal microscopy revealed that ROP39 colocalized with host mitochondria on the membrane of parasitophorous vacuoles, in which the parasites reside. Moreover, we observed about a 10% reduction in the level of mitochondrial association in rop39-knockout parasites compared with a parental strain.
Synthesis and Dissociation Behavior of Degradable Network Polymers Consisting of Epoxides and 9-Anthracene Carboxylic Acid Dimer
Authors: Tano Kinuka , Sato Eriko 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Photodimer of 9-anthracene carboxylic acid was used as crosslinker for bisepoxides and a degradable network polymer was synthesized at 100–110 °C in the presence of a base catalyst. The resulting network polymer was thermally decrosslinked at 150 °C within 30 min and completely solubilized in an organic solvent. Detailed investigation of the thermal dissociation behavior revealed that dissociation of more than 80% of 9-AC dimer unit was required for complete solubilization of the network polymer.
Pre-notification and personalisation of text messages to increase questionnaire completion in a smoking cessation pregnancy RCT: an embedded randomised factorial trial
Authors: Coleman Elizabeth , Whitemore Rachel , Clark Laura , Daykin Karen , Clark Miranda 
Published: September 2021

Background: Low completion rates of questionnaires in randomised controlled trials can compromise the reliability of the results, so ways to boost questionnaire completion are often implemented. Although there is evidence to suggest that sending a text message to participants increases completion, there is little evidence around the timing or personalisation of these text messages. Methods: A two-by-two factorial SWAT (study within a trial) was embedded within the MiQuit-3 trial, looking at smoking cessation within pregnant smokers. Participants who reached their 36-week gestational follow-up were randomised to receive a personalised or non-personalised text message, either one week or one day prior to their follow-up. Primary outcomes were completion rate of questionnaire via telephone. Secondary outcomes included: completion rate via any method, time to completion, and number of attempts to contact required. Results In total 194 participants were randomised into the SWAT to receive a text message that was personalised early(n=50), personalised late (n=47), non-personalised early(n=50), or non-personalised late(n=47). There was no evidence that timing of the text message (early: one week before; or late: one day before) had an effect on any of the outcomes. There was evidence that a personalised text message would result in fewer completions compared with a non-personalised text message when data was collected only via the telephone(adjusted OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.22–0.87, p=0.02). However, these results were not significant when looking at completion via any method (adjusted OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.30-1.24, p=0.17). There was no evidence to show that personalisation or not was better for any of the secondary outcomes. Conclusion Timing of the text message does not appear to influence the completion of questionnaires. Personalisation of a text message may be detrimental to questionnaire completion, if data is only collected via the telephone - however, more SWATs should be undertaken in this field.
Utilizing data sampling techniques on algorithmic fairness for customer churn prediction with data imbalance problems
Authors: Maw Maw , Haw Su-Cheng , Ho Chin-Kuan 
Published: September 2021

Background: Customer churn prediction (CCP) refers to detecting which customers are likely to cancel the services provided by a service provider, for example, internet services. The class imbalance problem (CIP) in machine learning occurs when there is a huge difference in the samples of positive class compared to the negative class. It is one of the major obstacles in CCP as it deteriorates performance in the classification process. Utilizing data sampling techniques (DSTs) helps to resolve the CIP to some extent. Methods: In this paper, we review the effect of using DSTs on algorithmic fairness, i.e., to investigate whether the results pose any discrimination between male and female groups and compare the results before and after using DSTs. Three real-world datasets with unequal balancing rates were prepared and four ubiquitous DSTs were applied to them. Six popular classification techniques were utilized in the classification process. Both classifier’s performance and algorithmic fairness are evaluated with notable metrics. Results: The results indicated that Random Forest classifier outperforms other classifiers in all three datasets and, using SMOTE and ADASYN techniques cause more discrimination in the female group. The rate of unintentional discrimination seems to be higher in the original data of extremely unbalanced datasets under the following classifiers: Logistics Regression, LightGBM, and XGBoost. Conclusions: Algorithmic fairness has become a broadly studied area in recent years, yet there is a very little systematic study on the effect of using DSTs on algorithmic fairness. This study presents important findings to further the use of algorithmic fairness in CCP research.
Do fluorocarbons substantially increase transdermal oxygen delivery? A proof-of-principle study in mice
Authors: Kaestner Lars , Laschke Matthias W. , John Thomas , Wagner Christian , Bogdanova Anna 
Published: September 2021

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients who need intensive medical care often require oxygen ventilation, but the number of ventilation machines is limited, and in some parts of the world, they are not available at all. In addition to patients for whom there is no access to ventilation machines there is also a considerable population of patients for whom ventilation is not sufficient for them to survive a critical state. Methods: Here, we propose and test an alternative oxygen supply through accelerated transdermal oxygen delivery. Covering the entire body with liquid fluorocarbons, which can dissolve 20 times more oxygen than water, we hypothesized to increase the contribution of transcutaneous respiration by a sustained amount. Results: Experiments applying pure medical grade perfluorodecalin on nude mice did not change their oxygenation in the blood under induced hypoxic conditions compared to control mice. However, increases in blood oxygenation below 2% could not be detected with the applied method. Conclusions: We could not establish a proof-of-principle for a substantial increase in oxygen supply by transdermal oxygen delivery in mammals.
Theoretical spectroscopic study of acetyl (CH3CO), vinoxy (CH2CHO), and 1-methylvinoxy (CH3COCH2) radicals. Barrierless formation processes of acetone in the gas phase
Authors: El Hadki Hamza , Gámez Victoria Guadalupe , Dalbouha Samira , Marakchi Khadija , Kabbaj Oum Keltoum , Komiha Najia , Carvajal Miguel , Senent Diez Maria Luisa 
Published: September 2021

Background: Acetone is present in the earth´s atmosphere and extra-terrestrially. The knowledge of its chemical history in these environments represents a challenge with important implications for global tropospheric chemistry and astrochemistry. The results of a search for efficient barrierless pathways producing acetone from radicals in the gas phase are described in this paper. The spectroscopic properties of radicals needed for their experimental detection are provided. Methods: The reactants were acetone fragments of low stability and small species containing C, O and H atoms. Two exergonic bimolecular addition reactions involving the radicals CH3, CH3CO, and CH3COCH2, were found to be competitive according to the kinetic rates calculated at different temperatures. An extensive spectroscopic study of the radicals CH3COCH2 and CH3CO, as well as the CH2CHO isomer, was performed. Rovibrational parameters, anharmonic vibrational transitions, and excitations to the low-lying excited states are provided. For this purpose, RCCSD(T)-F12 and MRCI/CASSCF calculations were performed. In addition, since all the species presented non-rigid properties, a variational procedure of reduced dimensionality was employed to explore the far infrared region. Results: The internal rotation barriers were determined to be V3=143.7 cm-1 (CH3CO), V2=3838.7 cm-1 (CH2CHO) and V3=161.4 cm-1 and V2=2727.5 cm-1 (CH3COCH2).The splitting of the ground vibrational state due to the torsional barrier have been computed to be 2.997 cm-1, 0.0 cm-1, and 0.320 cm-1, for CH3CO, CH2CHO, and CH3COCH2, respectively. Conclusions: Two addition reactions, H+CH3COCH2 and CH3+CH3CO, could be considered barrierless formation processes of acetone after considering all the possible formation routes, starting from 58 selected reactants, which are fragments of the molecule. The spectroscopic study of the radicals involved in the formation processes present non-rigidity. The interconversion of their equilibrium geometries has important spectroscopic effects on CH3CO and CH3COCH2, but is negligible for CH2CHO.
Fenomenologia e saberes tradicionais: o que revelam as pesquisas de 2015 a 2019
Authors: Oliveira Kelly Almeida , Aguiar José Vicente De Souza 
Published: September 2021

Este artigo consiste num estudo bibliográfico que visa conhecer o estado do conhecimento sobre Fenomenologia e sua articulação com saberes tradicionais. Com vista ao mapeamento das pesquisas realizadas na área de Filosofia no período de 2015 a 2019, tendo como banco de dados o Catálogo de teses e dissertações da Capes, está subsidiado pelo método de análise de conteúdo proposto por Bardin (2016). Partimos de hipóteses iniciais acerca do local e de quem desenvolve pesquisas sobre Fenomenologia no Brasil, os principais autores referenciados, como Husserl, Heidegger e Merleau-Ponty e seus respectivos conceitos de Fenomenologia. Ao percebermos as relações entre Fenomenologia e saber, nos questionamos: a Fenomenologia pode ser utilizada como fundamento para saberes tradicionais? A provisoriedade dos resultados indica que, entre outros fenomenólogos, Merleau-Ponty e sua obra Fenomenologia da Percepção se destacam na articulação com os saberes tradicionais. Palavras-chave: Fenomenologia. Saber. Saberes Tradicionais.
Brief report: Cannabis and opioid use disorder among heart failure admissions, 2008–2018
Authors: Chouairi Fouad , Mullan Clancy W. , Ravindra Neal , Clark Katherine A. A. , Jaffe Edward M. , Bhinder Jasjit , Fuery Michael , Guha Avirup , Ahmad Tariq , Desai Nihar R. 
Published: September 2021

Background
In the United States, both cannabis use disorder (CUD) and opioid use disorder (OUD) have increased in prevalence. The prevalence, demographics, and costs of CUD and OUD are not well known in heart failure (HF) admissions. This study aimed to use a national database to examine the prevalence, demographics, and costs associated with CUD and OUD in HF.

Methods
This study used the National Inpatient Sample from 2008 to 2018 to identify all primary HF admissions with and without the co-diagnosis of OUD or CUD using International Classification for Diagnosis, diagnosis codes. Demographics, costs, and trends were examined.

Results
Between 2008 and 2018, we identified 11,692,995 admissions for HF of which 84,796 (0.8%) had a co-diagnosis of CUD only, and 67,137 (0.6%) had a co-diagnosis of OUD only. The proportion of HF admissions with CUD significantly increased from 0.3% in 2008 to 1.3% in 2018 (p<0.001). The proportion of HF admissions with OUD significantly increased from 0.2% in 2008 to 1.1% in 2018 (p<0.001). Patients admitted with HF and either CUD or OUD were younger, more likely to be Black, and from lower socioeconomic backgrounds (p<0.001, all). HF admissions with OUD or CUD had higher median costs compared to HF admissions without associated substance abuse diagnoses ($8,611 vs. $8,337 for CUD HF and $10,019 vs. $8,337 for OUD HF, p<0.001 for both).

Conclusions
Among discharge records for HF, CUD and OUD are increasing in prevalence, significantly affect underserved populations and are associated with higher costs of stay. Future research is essential to better delineate the cause of these increased costs and create interventions, particularly in underserved populations.
Beyond Journalism, M. Deuze and T. Witschge (2020)
Authors: Raetzsch Christoph 
Published: September 2021

Review of: Beyond Journalism, M. Deuze and T. Witschge (2020)
Cambridge: Polity Press, 148 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-74564-341-0, h/bk, $65, p/bk, $23
Early functional and microcirculatory changes in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and no apparent diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Stulova A. N. , Semenova N. S. , Zheleznyakova A. V. , Akopyan V. S. , Lipatov Dmitry V. , Shestakova M. V. 
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) which is reported to affect more than one-third of the global diabetic population. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) can help to reveal early biomarkers of DR to improve current diagnostic approach.AIMS: To evaluate early visual functions deficiency and OCT-A changes in patients with type 1 DM (T1DM) without clinical signs of DR.MATERIALS AND METHODS. 74 eyes of 40 T1DM patients with no apparent DR and 49 eyes of 28 healthy volunteers were included in the study. The mean duration of DM was 11,7 ± 6,1 years. All participants underwent standard ophthalmological examination, low-luminance visual acuity (LLVA) assessment, 7-field fundus photography, OCT and OCT-A. We analyzed LLVA deficit as a marker of visual function. For OCT-A scans we evaluated foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area (mm2), acircularity index (AI), vessel density (VD), skeletonized density (SD) and vessel diameter index (VDI) in superficial vascular plexus (SVP), intermediate capillary plexus (ICP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP).RESULTS: LLVA deficit was significantly higher in T1DM patients (0,16±0,05 vs 0,10±0,04, p<0,0001). We also detected a significant difference in AI level (11,47 ± 0,24 vs 1,31 ± 0,15, p<0,0001). VD was significantly lower in T1DM patients in SVP (25,37 ± 2,24%, vs 26,67 ± 1,81%, p=0,028) and DCP (17,22 ± 3,10 % vs 18,29 ± 1,95%, p=0,015)CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate early visual functions deficiency and OCT-A changes at the preclinical stage of DR. The prognostic value of these findings will be studied during longitudinal observation.
Zur approximativen Maximum-Likelihood-Schätzung dynamischer Multi-Modelle vom Typ Takagi-Sugeno: Methodik und Anwendung auf einen Servo-Pneumatikantrieb
Authors: Kroll Andreas , Fischer Jana 
Published: September 2021

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag adressiert die Identifikation von Takagi-Sugeno-Modellen für nichtlineare stochastische dynamische Systeme. Ist Wissen über die stochastischen Eigenschaften eines dynamischen Prozesses (bspw. bzgl. Verteilungsfunktion, Korreliertheit) verfügbar, so kann dies zur Verbesserung der Modellparameterschätzung genutzt werden. Dabei trifft die oft gemachte Annahme unabhängig und identisch normalverteilter Zufallsgrößen bei technischen Systemen häufig nicht zu. Dies ist bspw. bei mechatronischen Antrieben in Folge von Reibung oft der Fall. Im Beitrag werden deshalb die Dichtefunktionen der Zufallsgrößen als Gaußsche Mischmodelle mittels eines Multistart-Expectation-Maximization-Algorithmus geschätzt. Da die Residualdichtefunktionen zu Beginn der Identifikation nicht verfügbar sind, werden diese aus der Streuung von Wiederholexperimenten approximativ ermittelt und zur approximativen Maximum-Likelihood-Schätzung von Takagi-Sugeno-Modellen genutzt. Wegen der ausgeprägten Multimodalität der resultierenden Likelihood-Funktion wird dazu Partikelschwarm-Optimierung eingesetzt. Die Vorgehensweise wird an einem industriellen servo-pneumatischen Linearantrieb mit reibungsbedingten Unsicherheiten demonstriert. Dabei lässt sich der mittlere Validierungsfehler um 9 % gegenüber einer Least-Squares-Schätzung reduzieren.
Identification of a potable water system
Authors: Peter Timm J. , Schüssler Max , Rüschen Daniel , Nelles Oliver 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A comprehensive procedure to identify a potable water system by data-driven means is proposed. The methodology focuses in a first step on topology identification. Herein, the sensor data is used to establish a directed graph of the underlying system by the means of a coherence-based algorithm and heuristics within a multi-stage strategy. In a second step, the pipe lengths of the water system are identified with the usage of dead time estimates from regularized finite impulse response models. The whole procedure is successfully applied to a simulation model. It is shown that the topology can be correctly identified. The pipe lengths can be determined with sufficient accuracy if heat transfer between supply pipes and return pipes can be neglected. The proposed method can be used to identify the topology and pipe lengths of potable water systems.
Eine weiße Kerze für Francesca von Berta Schmidt-Bickelmann – Dantelektüren eines Mitglieds der DDG (1938–1959)
Authors: Renker Andrea 
Published: September 2021

Riassunto
Dante un classico della letteratura tedesca? – In occasione del seicentesimo anniversario della morte del poeta questa domanda riconquistò una popolarità ambigua in Germania, la cui portata sorpassava di gran lunga le discussioni meramente accademiche. La questione è anche al centro delle letture dantesche di Berta-Schmidt-Bickelmann (1885–1959), che fu membro della Deutsche Dante-Gesellschaft in questi anni. Il presente contributo esamina per la prima volta gli articoli e le poesie di questa appassionata lettrice di Dante, pubblicati tra il 1938 e il 1959 nel Mitteilungsblatt della Deutsche Dante-Gesellschaft. Se ne ricava un’impressione sulla ricezione non-accademica di Dante in Germania verso la metà del Novecento.
Konstitutionalismus im „Systeme der coexistierenden Staaten“ Überlegungen zu einer internationalen Verfassungsgeschichte am Beispiel des Revolutionszeitalters (1776–1820)
Authors: Payk Marcus M. 
Published: September 2021

Zusammenfassung
Der Aufsatz plädiert für eine Ergänzung und Erweiterung der Verfassungsgeschichte durch die stärkere Berücksichtigung internationaler Perspektiven. Anhand von Fallbeispielen aus dem Zeitalter der atlantischen Revolutionen – der nordamerikanischen wie französischen Verfassungsgebung der 1780er und 1790er Jahre, des napoleonischen Konstitutionalismus sowie der Deutschen Bundesakte von 1815/20 – wird aufgezeigt, dass sich Prozesse der Konstitutionalisierung ohne ihre vielfältigen äußeren Bezüge zu Außenpolitik, Völkerrecht und zwischenstaatlicher Ordnung kaum verstehen lassen. Auf dieser Grundlage werden einige konzeptionelle Überlegungen zusammengetragen und mit Hinweisen auf weitere neuzeitliche Verfassungen ergänzt, um die Möglichkeiten einer internationalen Verfassungsgeschichte anzudeuten. Zwei komplementäre Blickwinkel werden vorgeschlagen: Einerseits sollte vermehrt nach den inneren Bezugnahmen, Erklärungen und Normen einer Verfassung zur internationalen Ordnung und zum Völkerrecht gefragt werden. Andererseits sind äußere Einwirkungen auf die Verfassungsschöpfung in den Blick zu nehmen, sei es als Vorgaben einer Besatzungsmacht, sei es als subtile Erwartungen internationaler Instanzen oder externer Akteure.