bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“The vaccination is positive; I don’t think it’s the panacea”: A qualitative study on COVID-19 vaccine attitudes among ethnically diverse healthcare workers in the United Kingdom
Authors: Gogoi Mayuri , Wobi Fatimah , Qureshi Irtiza , Al-Oraibi Amani , Hassan Osama , Nellums Laura B , Pareek Manish 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundGlobally, healthcare workers (HCWs) are prioritised for receiving vaccinations against the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Previous research has shown disparities in COVID-19 vaccination uptake among HCWs based on ethnicity, job role, sex, age, and deprivation. However, vaccine attitudes underpinning these variations are yet to be fully explored.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative study with 164 HCWs from different ethnicities, sexes, job roles, migration statuses, and regions in the United Kingdom (UK). Interviews and focus groups were conducted using Microsoft Teams or telephone, and recorded with participants’ permission. Recordings were transcribed and thematically analysed following an inductive approach.FindingsWe conducted an in-depth analysis of 53 randomly selected transcripts (involving 82 participants) to generate rapid evidence. Four different vaccine attitudes were identified: Active Acceptance, Passive Acceptance, Passive Decline, and Active Decline. Factors influencing vaccine acceptance include: knowledge of vaccine; risk perception; positive attitude towards other vaccines; social influences; and considerations about the future. Correspondingly, barriers to vaccine acceptance were identified as, low trust in the vaccine and historical (mis)trust, inadequate communication, and inequities in delivery and access. Opinion on mandatory vaccination was divided.InterpretationOur data show that vaccine attitudes are diverse and elements of hesitancy may remain even after vaccine acceptance. This has implications for the sustainability of the vaccine programme, particularly as new components (e.g. boosters) are being added. Based on our findings we recommend trust-building, designing inclusive and accessible information, and addressing structural inequities for improving vaccine uptake among HCWs.FundingUKRI-MRC and NIHR.
Pseudolaguvia moinensis, a new benthic miniature Asian catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Arunachal Pradesh, north-eastern India
Authors: Tamang Lakpa , Nanda Prasanta , Das Debangshu Narayan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA new species of miniature sisorid catfish is described, from the upper Brahmaputra river drainage in northeastern India. The new species is distinguished from all its congeners except P. ferruginea and P. focusa by having an elongate light brown to cream marks either side on ventro-lateral margin just above anus. Further, distinguished from its congeners by the following combination of characters: presence of a W-shaped dark brown band on caudal fin, thoracic adhesive apparatus extending closer to pelvic-fin base, smooth anterior margin of dorsal spine, a narrow V-shaped light brown to cream bands on side of the body, dorsal-spine length (10.7–14.7% SL), dorsal-fin base length (10.7–14.2% SL), pectoral-fin spine length (14.0–21.1% SL), pelvic-fin length (13.5–16.6% SL), caudal peduncle length (14.4–18.2% SL) and depth (7.8–9.9% SL), total vertebrae (30–31), caudal fin with a complete medial hyaline bands towards its anterior end, reaching outer margin of each lobe. Other combination of characters differentiating the new species from its congeners are provided in the respective diagnoses.
Unlatching or latching a door to the competitor
Authors: Cho Wooje , Chang Woojung , Lee Dongryul 
Published: September 2021

PurposeIn responding to competitors' strategic choices, firms must choose whether to allocate their customer relationship management (CRM) resources primarily to retaining existing customers or to acquiring new customers. To address this critical but understudied question, the authors examine the strategic choices of two competing firms between retention- and acquisition-focused strategies in consideration of switching costs, technological advancement level, and market share.Design/methodology/approachThe authors develop and analyze a game-theoretic model to investigate the strategic choices of two competing firms between retention- and acquisition-focused strategies.FindingsWhen switching costs are high, findings show that when the degree of technological advancement is high (low), both firms should employ acquisition-focused (retention-focused) strategies to maximize their profits. When switching costs are low and there are a low degree of technological advancement and asymmetric market shares, the firms choose retention-focused strategies in equilibrium, but only the firm with the higher market share can maximize its profit. When switching costs are low, technological advancement levels are high, and the market shares are asymmetric, the firm with the higher market share chooses a retention-focused CRM strategy, while the rival with lower market share adopts an acquisition-focused strategy in equilibrium. However, neither firm can maximize its profits.Originality/valuePrior research focused on a single firm's price discrimination decision without considering a competitor's strategic choice. To address this research gap, the authors examine where firms should assign their CRM resources (retention vs. acquisition) in response to a competitor's CRM strategy. This study provides guidance for optimal decision-making regarding a firm's CRM resource allocation in a duopoly market.
Transmission of family identity and consumer response: do consumers recognize family firms?
Authors: Ibáñez María José , Alonso Dos Santos Manuel , Llanos-Contreras Orlando 
Published: September 2021

PurposeCommunicating the identity of a family business generates positive results in consumer response. The paper aims to understanding how the efficient transmission of family identity can influence consumer behavior is essential for designing family firms' marketing communication strategies.Design/methodology/approachAn experimental study based on the eye-tracking technique was designed to determine how attention to (familiar vs non-familiar) visual stimuli on a website influences consumer recognition of a family firm status and how it influences consumer behavior. A sample of 212 individuals was exposed to (simulated) websites of family and non-family firms in the hospitality industry to capture information about their eye movements and measure visual attention to specific stimuli that communicated family identity.FindingsVisual attention has a direct and positive influence on recognizing family firm's identity (FFI). Through FFI, visual attention has an indirect positive effect on trust in the company and attitude toward the brand (BraAtt). Trust in a firm positively affects purchase intention (PurInt).Originality/valueIt is known that consumers can perceive a FFI; however, there is no study on the sensory mechanisms operating in consumers' perceptions of family identity. The study contributes to understanding how consumers can perceive a FFI. This study proposes a novel method for evaluating consumer responses by transmitting family business identity on digital platforms.
Instrumental ties or expressive ties? Impact mechanism of supervisor–subordinate ties based on enterprise social media on employee performance
Authors: Wang Changyu , Yuan Tianyu , Feng Jiaojiao 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to answer whether and how supervisor–subordinate instrumental or expressive ties based on enterprise social media (ESM) might enhance employee performance.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on social exchange theory, this study developed a theoretical model to explore the influencing mechanism of different supervisor–subordinate ties based on ESM on employee job performance. The model was empirically tested through 219 ESM users.FindingsThe results revealed that supervisor–subordinate instrumental ties based on ESM play a positive role in employee job performance, while supervisor–subordinate expressive ties based on ESM are not significantly related to employee job performance. Supervisor–subordinate instrumental ties and expressive ties based on ESM can positively influence employee job performance through the mediating effect of organizational trust. Besides, perceived performance climate can weaken the relation of organizational trust to job performance, and then weaken the indirect relations via the mediating of organizational trust.Originality/valueOur findings advance the understanding of ESM use through various underlying mechanisms and have the potential of guiding organizations to fine-tune their social media usage strategies.
Automated text analyses of YouTube comments as field experiments for assessing consumer sentiment towards products and brands
Authors: Areni Charles S. 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to show how non-random groupings of YouTube videos can be combined with automated text analysis (ATA) of user comments to conduct quasi-experiments on consumer sentiment towards different types of brands in a naturalistic setting.Design/methodology/approachNCapture extracted thousands of comments on multiple videos representing different experimental treatments and Leximancer revealed differences in the lexical patterns of user comments for different types of brands.FindingsUser comments consistently revealed hypothesized relationships between brand types, based on existing theory regarding motivations for nostalgia and the relationship between consumer preferences, online product ratings and purchases. These results demonstrate the viability of conducting quasi-experimental research in naturalistic settings via non-random groupings of YT videos and ATA of user comments.Research limitations/implicationsThis research adopts a single quasi-experimental design: the non-equivalent group, after-only design. However, the same basic approach can be used with other quasi-experimental designs to examine different kinds of research questions.Originality/valueOverall, this research points to the potential for ATA of comments on different categories of YT videos as a relatively straightforward approach for conducting field experiments that establish the ecological validity of laboratory findings. The method is easy to use and does not require the participation and cooperation of private, third party social media research companies.
Environmental analysis for the selection of long-distance natural gas pipeline routes using MACBETH
Authors: Lotfian Delouyi Fahime , Ghodsypour Seyed Hassan , Ashrafi Maryam , Saifoddin Amirali 
Published: September 2021

PurposeReliable operation of natural gas pipeline (NGP) is a critical factor in Iran’s economic development. NGP projects go through different ecosystems and considerably affect the environment. Environmental analysis is an essential step toward sustainable development. Tackling the challenges, this paper aims to develop a framework to systematically assess the environmental impact of NGPs.Design/methodology/approachThis study proposes a comprehensive framework for environmental impact analysis of NGPs using Measuring Attractiveness by a Categorical-Based Evaluation Technique (MACBETH). MACBETH protocol is used to calculate the overall environmental scores of projects.FindingsThe results indicate that the impact of implementing NGPs on protected areas is of the highest priority, while the impact on vegetation covers is of least priority for assessing the environmental impact of NGP.Practical implicationsThe practicality and validity of the model in the case of three candidate routes for the Polkale-Neizar project in Iran are examined. According to the results, the third alternative is selected based on its non-interference in protected areas and less environmental impacts. The proposed model can be modified and applied to perform environment appraisal of other linear projects such as energy, road and railway networks.Originality/valueThis model addresses a range of environmental impacts of implementing NGPs at two levels, with the second level being non-additive. The novelty of this study translates into considering the qualitative and quantitative features of each evaluation criterion applied to linear projects simultaneously using a multi-criteria value measurement.
Research watch: routes to marginalised students’ increased inclusion and empowerment
Authors: Holttum Sue 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper was to report on recent research about how students belonging to marginalised groups can be empowered.

Design/methodology/approach
The author searched for articles that covered the topic of empowerment, published in the past two years. The author selected two papers that each focus on a different group and illustrate processes of empowerment applicable in their contexts.

Findings
The first paper deals sensitively with the topic of in-fighting amongst Indigenous students at Canadian universities and how Canada’s colonisation history contributes to this. It also illustrates how Indigenous students are working together to improve universities’ recognition of their needs and rights. The second paper describes a consciousness-raising programme for Black girls in secondary schools in Pennsylvania, USA. Black girls attending the programme valued it and felt more connected with other Black girls. There was some dropout from the programme, but those who remained appeared to benefit.

Originality/value
These two papers represent important illustrations of some complex challenges facing marginalised groups and how their empowerment and inclusion can increase, with implications for their mental and physical well-being.
How does spatial heterogeneity affect inter‐ and intraspecific growth patterns in tundra shrubs?
Authors: Dobbert Svenja , Pape Roland , Löffler Jörg 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Arctic and alpine ecosystems are strongly affected by rapidly changing environmental conditions, resulting in profound vegetation shifts, which are highly heterogeneous and hard to predict, yet have strong global impacts. Shrubs have been identified as a key driver of these shifts. In this study, we aim to improve the understanding of how such broad‐scale vegetation changes are locally impacted by inter‐ and intraspecific plasticity and topographically driven heterogeneity in microsite conditions.

We assessed continuous stem diameter variation of three dominant tundra shrub species at daily resolution during 5 years, using high‐precision dendrometers, thus bridging the gap between classical dendroecology and plant physiology. From this data, we identified distinct growth patterns which we linked to microsite environmental drivers.

The observed patterns appeared highly variable depending on site and species, strongly influenced by characteristics of the individual plant. As the main driver of this variability, we identified fine‐scale topographic complexity, causing the sampled specimens to adjust locally by developing distinct growth strategies. We found these strategies strongly related to snow‐cover variation and associated freezing and thawing. Predicted changes in winter conditions and associated snow regimes will therefore have strong effects on shrub growth and community structure, yet, these effects are highly complex and not uniform in direction.

Synthesis. The ability to adapt in a heterogeneous environment appeared highly differentiated between species and closely connected to intraspecific plasticity. Here, we identified spatial variability related to local topography as a main indicator for potential future redistribution and niche shifts in response to environmental change.
Understanding stickiness in sugar‐rich food systems: A review of mechanisms, analyses, and solutions of adhesion
Authors: Wang Ruican , Hartel Richard W. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractStickinessis an inherent textural property in many sugar‐rich foods, which can be problematic to the processing of confectionery products. The adhesion between foods and contact surfaces during processing and consumption has not been well understood in academia or industry. The theories of adhesion were discovered by scientists in the adhesive field of study, some of which can explain the stickiness phenomenon of confections. This work reviewed these theories in the context of sugar‐rich foods, followed by a survey on the sensory and instrumental analyses of stickiness. Furthermore, the contributions of ingredients, temperature, compression, and contact surfaces to sugar‐rich food adhesion are highlighted.
Nothing lasts forever: understanding microbial biodegradation of polyfluorinated compounds and perfluorinated alkyl substances
Authors: Wackett Lawrence P. 
Published: September 2021

SummaryPoly‐ and perfluorinated chemicals, including perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS), are pervasive in today’s society, with a negative impact on human and ecosystem health continually emerging. These chemicals are now subject to strict government regulations, leading to costly environmental remediation efforts. Commercial polyfluorinated compounds have been called ‘forever chemicals’ due to their strong resistance to biological and chemical degradation. Environmental cleanup by bioremediation is not considered practical currently. Implementation of bioremediation will require uncovering and understanding the rare microbial successes in degrading these compounds. This review discusses the underlying reasons why microbial degradation of heavily fluorinated compounds is rare. Fluorinated and chlorinated compounds are very different with respect to chemistry and microbial physiology. Moreover, the end product of biodegradation, fluoride, is much more toxic than chloride. It is imperative to understand these limitations, and elucidate physiological mechanisms of defluorination, in order to better discover, study, and engineer bacteria that can efficiently degrade polyfluorinated compounds.
Chromosome‐level genome assembly of the mirid predator Cyrtorhinus lividipennis Reuter (Hemiptera: Miridae), an important natural enemy in the rice ecosystem
Authors: Bai Yueliang , Shi Zhenmin , Zhou Wenwu , Wang Guiyao , Shi Xiaoxiao , He Kang , Li Fei , Zhu Zeng‐Rong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThough the genomes of many rice herbivorous pests have recently been well characterized, little is known about the genome of their natural enemies. Here, by using the Illumina and PacBio platforms, we sequenced and assembled the whole genome of the mirid species Cyrtorhinus lividipennis Reuter (Hemiptera: Miridae), which is an economically and ecologically important natural enemy in the rice ecosystem acting as a dominant predator for planthoppers and leafhoppers in the field. Through Hi‐C scaffolding, 1615 scaffolds with a total size of 338.08 Mb were successfully anchored onto 13 chromosomes. The assembled genome size was 345.75 Mb with a final scaffold N50 of 27.58 Mb. Approximately 107.51 Mb of sequences accounting for 31.10% of the genome were identified as repeat elements, and 14,644 protein‐coding genes were annotated. Phylogenetic analysis showed that C. lividipennis clustered with other Hemipteran species and diverged from Apolygus lucorum about 66.7 million years ago. Gene families related to detoxification, environmental adaptation and digestion were analysed comparatively with other Hemipteran species, but no significant expansion or contraction was found in C. lividipennis. We also observed male meiosis in C. lividipennis, which showed a typical post‐reduction of sex chromosomes and a karyotype of 2n = 22 + XY. As the first natural‐enemy genome in the rice ecosystem, the genomic resource of C. lividipennis not only expands our understanding of the multitrophic interactions (host plant–prey–predator), but also provides a genomic basis for better understanding this dominant predator and therefore promotes sustainable rice pest management and food grain production.
Magma Chamber Process of Post‐collisional Magmatism: Insight from Textural and Elemental Characteristics of Plagioclase from the Tatun Volcanic Group, Northern Taiwan Volcanic Zone
Authors: ZHANG Xia , GUO Kun , ZHANG Yu , LAI Zhiqing , JIANG Shulong , JIANG Wenpeng , LI Jingbo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe Taiwan mountain belt, one of the youngest orogenies in the world, is caused by the collision of the Luzon arc with the Eurasian margin, which leads to post‐collisional extension and magmatism in the Northern Taiwan Volcanic Zone (NTVZ). The magma chamber process in this region has not previously been elucidated in detail. In this paper, the textural and compositional features of plagioclase phenocrysts in basalt from the Tatun Volcanic Group (TTVG) were studied to restrict the dynamics of magma system. Results show that the magma melts in TTVG are mainly sourced from the underlying MORB‐like mantle wedge but influenced by incorporation of subduction components, causing the elevated Sr/Y and Ba/Y ratios in magma melts. The subduction components are mainly transported in the form of sediment melt. The plagioclase phenocrysts in the TTVG volcanic rocks are generally coarsely core‐sieved with a clear rim. The An contents in the rims of plagioclase are much lower than those of cores, and elevated FeO concentrations are detected in the plagioclase rims. We propose there exists a double‐layer magma chamber in this region. The core of the plagioclase was crystalized in the deeper quiescent magma chamber (∼21 km), which was subsequently partially dissolved during the ascent of magma melt under H2O‐undersaturated condition, forming the typical coarsely sieved texture and synneusis. When this crystal‐rich melt migrates into the shallower chamber, water saturation is reached and more sodic plagioclase formed as the rim of phenocryst. Due to the considerably higher fO2 in the shallow chamber than in the deeper one, and the distribution of Fe between plagioclase and melt positively correlates with fO2, the FeO content in the plagioclase rim elevates in conjunction with increasing fO2.
Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of brain metastases in elderly patients with esophageal carcinoma
Authors: Wang Yi , Xiao Linlin , Zhang Jiandong , Lv Xiaoyan , Cao Feng , Zhao Min , Wu Fengpeng , Jing Shaowu , Wang Jun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundBrain metastases (BM) from esophageal carcinoma (EC) is clinically rare and has not yet been reported in elderly patients. This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, outcomes and prognostic factors of BM in elderly patients with EC, in order to provide guidance for clinical practice.MethodsA total of 20 EC patients older than 65 years who were diagnosed with BM were identified from the fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2018. Survival was evaluated by the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsThe median time from diagnosis of EC to BM was 11.8 months (0–249.2 months). The median overall survival (OS) was 4.8 months (1.13–23.3 months), with 20% of patients achieving the 1‐year survival rate. Patients with KPS score of ≥70 had a significantly better OS than those with KPS score<70 (8.4 vs. 3.9 months, p = 0.033). Compared to patients without brain radiotherapy, patients with brain radiotherapy showed better outcomes in both median OS (8.4 vs. 2.9 months) and 1‐year survival rate (23.1% vs. 14.3%, p = 0.043). The median OS of patients with radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy and/or targeted therapy and radiotherapy alone was 9.7 months (3.4–23.3 months) and 7.2 months (1.7–18.4 months), respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.215).ConclusionsBrain radiotherapy provided clinically meaningful survival benefit for elderly patients with BM from EC. Thus, active treatments for those patients might be required.