bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The bile acid-sensitive ion channel (BASIC) mediates bile acid-dependent currents in bile duct epithelial cells
Authors: Wiegreffe Shari , Löhrer Daniel , Wirtz Monika , Wiemuth Dominik 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe bile acid-sensitive ion channel (BASIC) is a member of the Deg/ENaC family of ion channels that is activated by bile acids. Despite the identification of cholangiocytes in the liver and unipolar brush cells in the cerebellum as sites of expression, the physiological function of BASIC in these cell types is not yet understood. Here we used a cholangiocyte cell line, normal rat cholangiocytes (NRCs), which expresses BASIC to study the role of the channel in epithelial transport using Ussing chamber experiments. Apical application of bile acids induced robust and transient increases in transepithelial currents that were carried by Na+ and partly blocked by the BASIC inhibitor diminazene. Genetic ablation of the BASIC gene in NRC using a CRISPR-cas9 approach resulted in a decrease of the bile acid-mediated response that matched the diminazene-sensitive current in NRC WT cells, suggesting that cholangiocytes respond to bile acids with a BASIC-mediated Na+ influx. Taken together, we have identified BASIC as a component of the cholangiocyte transport machinery, which might mediate a bile acid-dependent modification of the bile and thus control bile flux and composition.
Non-melanoma skin cancer diagnosis: a comparison between dermoscopic and smartphone images by unified visual and sonification deep learning algorithms
Authors: Dascalu A. , Walker B. N. , Oron Y. , David E. O. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most frequent keratinocyte-origin skin tumor. It is confirmed that dermoscopy of NMSC confers a diagnostic advantage as compared to visual face-to-face assessment. COVID-19 restrictions diagnostics by telemedicine photos, which are analogous to visual inspection, displaced part of in-person visits. This study evaluated by a dual convolutional neural network (CNN) performance metrics in dermoscopic (DI) versus smartphone-captured images (SI) and tested if artificial intelligence narrows the proclaimed gap in diagnostic accuracy.

Methods
A CNN that receives a raw image and predicts malignancy, overlaid by a second independent CNN which processes a sonification (image-to-sound mapping) of the original image, were combined into a unified malignancy classifier. All images were histopathology-verified in a comparison between NMSC and benign skin lesions excised as suspected NMSCs. Study criteria outcomes were sensitivity and specificity for the unified output.

Results
Images acquired by DI (n = 132 NMSC, n = 33 benign) were compared to SI (n = 170 NMSC, n = 28 benign). DI and SI analysis metrics resulted in an area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operator characteristic curve of 0.911 and 0.821, respectively. Accuracy was increased by DI (0.88; CI 81.9–92.4) as compared to SI (0.75; CI 68.1–80.6, p < 0.005). Sensitivity of DI was higher than SI (95.3%, CI 90.4–98.3 vs 75.3%, CI 68.1–81.6, p < 0.001), but not specificity (p = NS).

Conclusion
Telemedicine use of smartphone images might result in a substantial decrease in diagnostic performance as compared to dermoscopy, which needs to be considered by both healthcare providers and patients.
Clinical impact of rare variants associated with inherited channelopathies: a 5-year update
Authors: Sarquella-Brugada Georgia , Fernandez-Falgueras Anna , Cesar Sergi , Arbelo Elena , Coll Mónica , Perez-Serra Alexandra , Puigmulé Marta , Iglesias Anna , Alcalde Mireia , Vallverdú-Prats Marta , Fiol Victoria , Ferrer-Costa Carles , del Olmo Bernat , Picó Ferran , Lopez Laura , García-Alvarez Ana , Jordà Paloma , Tiron de Llano Coloma , Toro Rocío , Grassi Simone , Oliva Antonio , Brugada Josep , Brugada Ramon , Campuzano Oscar 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA proper interpretation of the pathogenicity of rare variants is crucial before clinical translation. Ongoing addition of new data may modify previous variant classifications; however, how often a reanalysis is necessary remains undefined. We aimed to extensively reanalyze rare variants associated with inherited channelopathies originally classified 5 years ago and its clinical impact. In 2016, rare variants identified through genetic analysis were classified following the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics’ recommendations. Five years later, we have reclassified the same variants following the same recommendations but including new available data. Potential clinical implications were discussed. Our cohort included 49 cases of inherited channelopathies diagnosed in 2016. Update show that 18.36% of the variants changed classification mainly due to improved global frequency data. Reclassifications mostly occurred in minority genes associated with channelopathies. Similar percentage of variants remain as deleterious nowadays, located in main known genes (SCN5A, KCNH2 and KCNQ1). In 2016, 69.38% of variants were classified as unknown significance, but now, 53.06% of variants are classified as such, remaining the most common group. No management was modified after translation of genetic data into clinics. After 5 years, nearly 20% of rare variants associated with inherited channelopathies were reclassified. This supports performing periodic reanalyses of no more than 5 years since last classification. Use of newly available data is necessary, especially concerning global frequencies and family segregation. Personalized clinical translation of rare variants can be crucial to management if a significant change in classification is identified.
Provenance of lower Palaeozoic metasediments of the East Odenwald (Mid-German-Crystalline Zone, Variscides)—a correlation with the East European Platform (Poland)
Authors: Dörr Wolfgang , Stein Eckhardt , Kirchner Ferdinand , Meinaß Henri Paul , Velledits Felicitás 
Published: September 2021

AbstractU–Pb age spectra of detrital zircons related to the East European Platform could be traced in paragneiss through the whole Mid-German-Crystalline Zone (Variscides, Central Europe) from the Odenwald via the Spessart to the Ruhla crystalline forming an exotic unit between Armorica and Laurussia. The depositional ages of the paragneiss are defined by the youngest age of the detrital zircons and the oldest intrusion ages as Ordovician to Silurian. The Ediacaran dominated age spectrum of detrital zircons from the paragneiss of the East Odenwald suggests the latter to be derived from the shelf of the East European Platform (Baltica), which was influenced by the 1.5 Ga old detritus delivered from a giant intrusion (Mazury granitoid, Poland). The detrital zircon age spectrum of the lower Palaeozoic paragneiss of the East Odenwald and sandstone of the northern Holy Cross Mountains are identical. The pure Sveconorwegian spectrum of the lower Palaeozoic quartzite from the Spessart, (Kirchner and Albert Int J Earth Sci 2020) and the Ruhla (Zeh and Gerdes Gondwana Res 17:254–263, 2010) could be sourced from Bornholm and southern Sweden. A U–Pb age spectrum with 88% Palaeozoic detrital zircons from a volcano-sedimentary rock of the East Odenwald is interpreted to be derived from a Silurian magmatic arc (46%), which was probably generated during the drift of the Mid-German-Crystalline Zone micro-continent to the south. A tentative plate tectonic model of Mid-German-Crystalline Zone is presented taking into account (a) the East European Platform related age spectra of the detrital zircons (b) the Ordovician to Silurian depositional age of the metasediments (c) the Silurian and Early Devonian intrusion age of the plutonic and volcanic rocks and (d) the U–Pb ages of the Middle Devonian high-grade metamorphism. The East European Platform-related part of the Mid-German-Crystalline Zone is interpreted as a micro-continent, which drifted through the Rheic Ocean to the south and collided with the Saxothuringian (Armorican Terrane Assemblage) during the Early Devonian. Such large-scale tectonic transport from the northern continent to the southern continent is also known from the SW Iberia, where Laurussia-related metasediments of the Rheic suture zone are explained by a large scale tectonic escape (Braid et al. J Geol Soc Lond 168:383–392, 2011).
A holistic approach to model electricity loads in cities
Authors: Köhler S. , Betz M. , Duminil E. , Eicker U. , Schröter B. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTime-resolved, occupancy-dependent electricity load profiles at building level for city quarters or entire cities are important for planning authorities, project developers, utilities or other stakeholders in order to develop energy saving strategies and meet climate targets. Firstly, this information enables a more accurate modelling of renewable energy systems. Secondly, aspects like sector coupling, storage decisions and the impact of technologies such as electric vehicles or heat pumps on the grid can be considered. Thirdly, it allows a more detailed economic analysis. This paper contains the newly added features to the simulation environment SimStadt, which is used for strategic modelling of sustainable urban or regional areas with a spatial resolution at the building level. SimStadt interlinks 3D CityGML models with parameters for buildings physics to simulate energy demands and renewable energy potential. It was enhanced by the development of an electricity load profile generator with variable resolution and the addition of an hourly resolved PV potential analysis including a variable economic analysis. This enables e.g. the evaluation of photovoltaic potential with the associated investment, operating and levelized costs over the lifetime of hundreds of individual buildings in parallel. Together with additional electric building demand from heat pumps, electric vehicles or load shifting options through the use of battery storage, it will be possible to assess and compare the feasibility, benefits and economic viability of energy/electricity-related urban renewal measures in even greater detail and with a holistic perspective. The simulation platform enables the development of granular sustainable urban (sub)strategies and energy concepts through a holistic, time-resolved, building-specific approach to support transformation of the building stock to a sustainable, low-carbon one.
Deep Composition of Tensor-Trains Using Squared Inverse Rosenblatt Transports
Authors: Cui Tiangang , Dolgov Sergey 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCharacterising intractable high-dimensional random variables is one of the fundamental challenges in stochastic computation. The recent surge of transport maps offers a mathematical foundation and new insights for tackling this challenge by coupling intractable random variables with tractable reference random variables. This paper generalises the functional tensor-train approximation of the inverse Rosenblatt transport recently developed by Dolgov et al. (Stat Comput 30:603–625, 2020) to a wide class of high-dimensional non-negative functions, such as unnormalised probability density functions. First, we extend the inverse Rosenblatt transform to enable the transport to general reference measures other than the uniform measure. We develop an efficient procedure to compute this transport from a squared tensor-train decomposition which preserves the monotonicity. More crucially, we integrate the proposed order-preserving functional tensor-train transport into a nested variable transformation framework inspired by the layered structure of deep neural networks. The resulting deep inverse Rosenblatt transport significantly expands the capability of tensor approximations and transport maps to random variables with complicated nonlinear interactions and concentrated density functions. We demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approach on a range of applications in statistical learning and uncertainty quantification, including parameter estimation for dynamical systems and inverse problems constrained by partial differential equations.
Wachstums- und Verschuldungseffekte einer kreditfinanzierten öffentlichen Investitionsoffensive
Authors: Dullien Sebastian , Jürgens Ekaterina , Paetz Christoph , Watzka Sebastian 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungÖffentliche Investitionen stehen ganz oben auf der wirtschaftspolitischen Agenda in Deutschland. Simulationen mit dem makroökonomischen Mehrländermodell NiGEM zeigen, dass sich ein großes, 460 Mrd. Euro umfassendes, kreditfinanziertes Investitionsprogramm nach spätestens 30 Jahren selbst finanzieren würde. In der Zwischenzeit würden Wirtschaftsleistung und private Investitionstätigkeit deutlich kräftiger ausfallen als ohne solch eine Initiative.
Strukturwandel: Zukunftsangst in der Industrie
Authors: von Werder Marten , Rukwid Ralf 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Corona-Krise überlagert in der öffentlichen Wahrnehmung, wie stark der Strukturwandel in der Industrie bereits zu weitreichendem Arbeitsplatzabbau führt. Strukturwandel ist aber nicht gleich Strukturwandel: Die Art und Weise, wie Digitalisierung und Dekarbonisierung politisch umgesetzt werden, beeinflusst maßgeblich, wie sich die Aussichten für Beschäftigte in der Industrie entwickeln. Gerade kleine Betriebe scheinen unabhängig von ihrer Wirtschaftlichkeit gefährdet, da die Rahmenbedingungen der Transformation zu unsicher sind. Eine umfassende Beschäftigtenbefragung zeigt: Die Verunsicherung in den Leitbranchen der hiesigen Industrie ist groß. Die Beschäftigten fürchten vielerorts um ihre Jobs, hoffen auf stärkere Weiterbildung und eine gezielte aktive Industriepolitik — die nächste Bundesregierung ist hier gefordert.
Analysis of genotype-by-environment interaction in a multisite progeny test with Scots pine for supporting selection decisions
Authors: Chmura Daniel J. , Barzdajn Władysław , Kowalkowski Wojciech , Guzicka Marzenna , Rożkowski Roman 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn multisite forest genetic experiments, the presence of genotype × environment interaction (GEI) is common. GEI may negatively affect the estimates of genetic variance and hamper selection decisions in tree breeding programs. Several measures exist to evaluate the stability of tested genotypes’ performance across environments with a choice of the method likely affecting breeders’ decisions. In this study, we evaluated variation in diameter and height growth performance in the progeny test established at 4 sites with 80 open-pollinated half-sib families of Scots pine. We found significant variation among examined progeny at age 10, reaching up to 31% for diameter and 20% for height depending on site, and significant GEI in both traits. We estimated contribution of each family to GEI using various methods and tools of GEI analysis—AMMI, GGE biplots, heterogeneity of regression coefficients (bi’s), the deviation mean squares from regression (s2di) and Kang’s yield-stability index (YSi). Despite the presence of the cross-over interaction, family ranks did not vary much among sites. The selections based on the phenotype, YSi and restricted bi corresponded well to each other leading to the expected response to selection up to 7.8% on diameter and 4.4% on height, whereas those based on the AMMI stability variance were different and lead to a slight loss in both traits. We discuss our results in the context of the usefulness of those measures of genotype stability for tree breeding programs and propose the procedure to follow for making selection decisions in forest experiments with GEI.
Survival impact of perioperative changes in prognostic nutritional index levels after esophagectomy
Authors: Haneda Ryoma , Hiramatsu Yoshihiro , Kawata Sanshiro , Honke Junko , Soneda Wataru , Matsumoto Tomohiro , Morita Yoshifumi , Kikuchi Hirotoshi , Kamiya Kinji , Takeuchi Hiroya 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
The correlation between perioperative changes in nutritional status during esophagectomy and prognosis remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of changes in prognostic nutritional index levels during the perioperative period on esophageal cancer patient survivals.

Methods
From January 2009 to May 2019, 158 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were enrolled. From the time-dependent ROC analysis, the cutoff values of preoperative and postoperative prognostic nutritional index levels were 46.9 and 40.9. Patients were divided into preoperative-high group (Group H) and preoperative-low group (Group L). Then, patients in Group L were divided into preoperative-low and postoperative-high group (Group L–H) and preoperative-low and postoperative-low group (Group L–L). Long-term outcomes and prognostic factors were evaluated.

Results
Patients in Group L had significantly worse overall survival than those in Group H (p = 0.001). Patients in Group L–L had significantly worse overall survival than those in Group L–H (p = 0.023). However, there was no significant difference in overall survival between Groups H and L–H (p = 0.224). In multivariable analysis, advanced pathological stage (hazard ratio 10.947, 95% confidence interval 2.590–46.268, p = 0.001) and Group L–L (hazard ratio 2.171, 95% confidence interval 1.249–3.775, p = 0.006) were independent predictors of poor overall survival.

Conclusions
Patients in Group L–H had a good prognosis, similar to those in Group H. This result indicated that increasing the postoperative prognostic nutritional index level sufficiently using various intensive perioperative support methods could improve prognosis after esophagectomy in patients with poor preoperative nutritional status.
Treatment and Prophylaxis of Post-pericardiotomy Syndrome in Cardiac Surgery Patients: a Systematic Review
Authors: Giacinto Omar , Minati Alessandro , Lusini Mario , Cardetta Francesco , Saltarocchi Sara , D’Abramo Mizar , Miraldi Fabio , Chello Massimo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Post-pericardiotomy syndrome (PPS) is a common complication of cardiac surgery. This systematic review aimed to investigate the efficacy of colchicine, indomethacin, and dexamethasone in the treatment and prophylaxis of PPS.

Methods
Literature research was carried out using PubMed. Studies investigating ≥ 10 patients with clinically PPS treated with colchicine, dexamethasone, and indomethacin and compared with placebo were included. Animal or in vitro experiments, studies on < 10 patients, case reports, congress reports, and review articles were excluded. Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB2) was used for the quality assessment of studies.

Results
Seven studies were included. Among studies with postoperative colchicine treatment, two of them demonstrated a significant reduction of PPS. In the single pre-surgery colchicine administration study, a decrease of PPS cases was registered. Indomethacin pre-surgery administration was linked to a reduction of PPS. No significant result emerged with preoperative dexamethasone intake.

Conclusion
Better outcomes have been registered when colchicine and indomethacin were administered as primary prophylactic agents in preventing PPS and PE. Further RCT studies are needed to confirm these results.
High oxygen barrier chitosan films neutralized by alkaline nanoparticles
Authors: Jančič Urška , Božič Mojca , Hribernik Silvo , Mohan Tamilselvan , Kargl Rupert , Kleinschek Karin Stana , Gorgieva Selestina 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe most frequent neutralisation procedure, applied on chitosan (CS) films includes treatment with NaOH base. Such treatment endows CS films with stability in water, yet, same can significantly decrease the film performance. In the present paper, we investigate Mg(OH)2 nanoparticles as a neutralisation agent for CS solutions followed by casting into films. This is combined and compared with classical casting and film drying from non-neutralized solutions followed by NaOH treatment after film formation. The influence on the properties of resulting films is investigated in detail and large differences are found for structure and barrier properties. The stable, opaque-to-transparent CS films (depending on Mg(OH)2 content and post-treatment) were obtained by facile casting method of neat CS or CS–Mg(OH)2 dispersions, in the complete absence of cross-linkers and plasticizers. FTIR data demonstrate the Mg(OH)2 and NaOH deprotonation effect, and strongly suggest intensive H-bonding interaction between CS and Mg(OH)2. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed differences in the hydroxide content and protonation of CS nitrogen. The reduction of surface roughness and increase of homogeneity, the tensile strength and elongation, as well as thermal stability and excellent oxygen barrier properties were measured for CS enclosing the Mg(OH)2 nanoparticles. Further treatment with 1 M NaOH causes re-packing of CS polymer chains, improving the crystallinity and water vapour barrier properties, degrading the mechanical properties by increasing the films brittleness and increasing the char formation due to reduced thermal stability.
Graphic abstract
Parental Depressive Symptoms, Parent Attributional Style, and Child Coping as Predictors of Depressive Symptoms in Children of Parents with Anxiety or Mood Disorders
Authors: Wong Mun , Power Thomas G. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFew studies have examined the effects of parental depressive symptoms on children in China. The present study examined the relationships between parental depression, parental attributional style, children’s coping strategies and 5–12-year-old children’s depressive symptoms in a sample of Chinese children whose parents had been diagnosed with an anxiety or a mood disorder. The present study confirmed that children of parents with anxiety or mood disorders would show high levels of depressive symptoms. Parents with an optimistic or neutral attributional style rated their children as showing fewer depressive symptoms than parents with a pessimistic style. This study showed a significant positive relationship between children’s disengagement coping and children’s reports of depressive symptoms. The findings highlight the need for early identification of, and support and intervention programs for, parents suffering from depression and children of depressed parents as a means of protecting the psychological well-being of both parents and children.
Why Conceptual Engineers Should Not Worry About Topics
Authors: Koch Steffen 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper argues for explanatory eliminativism about topics (and cognates, such as subject matters) relative to the domain of conceptual engineering. It has become usual to think that topics serve an important explanatory role in theories of conceptual engineering, namely, to determine the limits of revision. I argue, first, that such limits can be understood either as thenormative limitspertaining to the justification of conceptual engineering, as themetaphysical limitspertaining to the identity of the concepts in question, or as theterminological limitspertaining to usage of the original terminology. Second, I argue that the metaphysical reading is disputable as a theory of concepts and inconsequential for conceptual engineers, and that neither of the two leading accounts of topics that have been presented in the literature—the samesaying account and functionalism—determine the limits of revision in either of the two remaining senses. In the absence of more promising competitors, I conclude that there is no theoretical role for topics to play in theories of conceptual engineering. An upshot of my argument is that conceptual engineers should stop worrying about things like topic (dis)continuity, and instead shift their attention to the issues that really matter for justifying conceptual revisions or replacements, making terminological choices, and underpinning conceptual engineering with a theory of concepts.