bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Une autre manière d’enquêter auprès de jeunes enfants à l’École
Authors: Kheroufi-Andriot Olivier 
Published: October 2021

L’objectif de cet article est de présenter la construction d’un dispositif méthodologique qui vise à recueillir le point de vue de jeunes enfants d’une classe incluant un enfant en situation de handicap, à partir d’une fiction mettant en scène un enfant en situation de handicap, sur l’activité d’accompagnement éventuellement mise en œuvre dans la classe par l’enseignant et les accompagnants. Les difficultés épistémologiques et méthodologiques liées à la construction de ce dispositif sont identifiées, et le bricolage de l’enquête est dévoilé en mettant en lumière la « ficelle » qui fut construite pour l’occasion. De ce point de vue, les résultats du dispositif, y compris ses effets inattendus, sont présentés au lecteur pour lui permettre de se situer en vue d’évaluer si l’objectif initial est atteint.
Transferts culturels entre Europe et Amérique. Les fac-similés des codex mexicains de la bibliothèque municipale de Boulogne-sur-Mer
Authors: Brown Nathalie 
Published: October 2021

Les manuscrits mexicains peints réalisés au xvi e siècle par des scribes aztèques, traduits et commentés par des auteurs espagnols, demeurent une source riche, originale et essentielle à la compréhension de ce que fut la culture aztèque qui disparut en à peine un siècle. Ces codex, pour la plupart commandés par les rois d’Espagne, ont quitté le continent américain et traversé l’Atlantique par bateau. Nous perdons leur trace avant leur arrivée sur le continent européen, perdus, volés, en partie brûlés et très abîmés. On les retrouve au xix e siècle dans des bibliothèques européennes dont ils portent encore parfois le nom. E. Hamy, passionné par sa ville natale et par l’histoire du Mexique, fit don de certains de ces ouvrages sous forme de fac-similés de haute qualité à la Bibliothèque des Annonciades en 1901, ce qui permettra d’enrichir ses collections et d’ouvrir des champs de recherches en paléographie, en histoire et en histoire de l’art aux chercheurs et étudiants boulonnais qui peuvent aisément les consulter sur place.
Conditions de travail à l’hôpital : quelles pistes d’amélioration ?
Authors: Minvielle Étienne 
Published: October 2021

Cet article s’intéresse aux possibilités de sortie du marasme qui accompagne les conditions de travail à l’hôpital. La question est importante dans un contexte de pertes d’attractivité des métiers de la santé. Dans un premier temps, nous identifions trois grandes raisons qui expliquent les mauvaises conditions actuelles : l’intensification du travail liée à la tarification à l’activité, les défauts du management hospitalier, et divers impacts négatifs sur la vie privée. Nous en déduisons ensuite plusieurs pistes : 1) le maintien des efforts déjà engagés dans l’évolution des règles de l’exercice et de sa valorisation financière ; 2) l’affirmation d’un nouveau champ de l’innovation hospitalière dédié à l’amélioration de l’environnement du travail ; 3) une évolution des modes de paiement raisonnée en fonction de l’organisation du travail ; 4) enfin une politique de formation, d’évaluation et de recrutement des professionnels de santé fondée sur l’acquisition de compétences en management. Toutes ces pistes, et d’autres, doivent être activées conjointement, portées par une vision holistique du sujet. Il ne s’agit pas d’opposer la qualité de vie professionnelle à la contrainte financière, mais de penser les différentes voies d’amélioration d’une manière unie.
The prosodic properties of narrow information focus in Central Mexican Spanish: Pitch accents, de-emphasis and phrasing
Authors: Mendoza Vázquez Érika , Gutiérrez-Bravo Rodrigo , Martín Butragueño Pedro 
Published: October 2021

This paper investigates the different prosodic strategies used for the marking of information focus in Central Mexican Spanish. For this purpose, we carried out a study of the prosodic properties of information focus both in clause final position and in situ. Our results show important differences when compared to other varieties of Spanish. Specifically, we observe that the most frequent accent signaling information focus is a monotonal pitch accent (L* or !H*) and not L+H*. Furthermore, in many cases we observe that the pitch accent is not the only mechanism used to signal the focus: this is because we observe the presence of prosodic edges to the left of the focus, presumably functioning as an additional prosodic cue to identify it. Additionally, while we do not observe deaccenting of post-focal material, we do observe a sequence of non-rising forms (a flat pattern or “de-emphasis”) following the pitch accent that signals an in situ information focus forced by the test. With respect to phonological phrasing, our results confirm the analysis in Prieto (2006), where it is proposed that syntactic constituency is not the primary factor that regulates phrasing in Spanish.
L’histoire à Versailles : plaidoyer pour la réhabilitation du chef-d’œuvre
Authors: Constans Claire 
Published: October 2021

Louis-Philippe a transformé Versailles en un musée fait de grandes salles tapissées de peintures de l’histoire événementielle à la gloire de la France. Le public, tout en découvrant la beauté des appartements royaux ou de la galerie des Glaces, doit, dans la même visite, comprendre une symbolique sous-jacente ; le curieux d’histoire contemple aussi à la galerie des Batailles une histoire racontée, parfois réinventée, avec des détails anecdotiques et à l’aide de belles images qui frapperont durablement son imagination. Présenter une vision de l’histoire plus fidèle à la vérité, tout en conservant une muséographie monumentale héritée de l’Ancien Régime et en complétant certains ensembles laissés inachevés, voire en étoffant les collections : c’est désormais le devoir du conservateur. Car les collections historiques de Versailles sont parmi les plus belles du monde, indispensables à l’étude de l’histoire de l’art : la vocation même du musée est de les mettre en valeur. À côté de l’histoire, l’œuvre d’art se retrouve ainsi au cœur du débat versaillais et l’aménagement de nouvelles salles ne pourra pas faire l’économie de la célébration du génie artistique. C’est ainsi que le public échappera à la lecture facile de l’image, pour apprécier à la fois l’ensemble et chacune de ses composantes, et découvrir l’adéquation parfaite du beau et du vrai qui définit la propre nécessité intérieure d’une œuvre d’art.
Les statues des rois de France et hommes d’État de la galerie de pierre haute de l’aile du Nord : une ambitieuse commande de sculptures pour les Galeries historiques de Versailles
Authors: Arsac Lionel 
Published: October 2021

De 1835 à 1838, douze sculpteurs furent chargés par l’administration royale d’exécuter treize statues pédestres en marbre pour la galerie de pierre haute de l’aile du Nord, au château de Versailles. Livrées jusqu’à la fin de la monarchie de Juillet, ces œuvres prirent place parmi les quelque quatre-vingts sculptures qui peuplaient cette galerie. Particulièrement homogène d’un point de vue stylistique, cette série est la plus ambitieuse commande de sculptures en marbre pour les Galeries historiques confiée à des artistes contemporains de renom. L’étude de la genèse de cet ambitieux projet et de sa concrétisation permet de comprendre les mécanismes de la commande officielle dans le Versailles de Louis-Philippe. L’analyse de ces portraits sculptés historicistes représentant des souverains et des serviteurs d’État du haut Moyen Âge à la première Renaissance renseigne sur les sources iconographiques convoquées par les sculpteurs, mais aussi sur le mode de représentation qu’ils adoptèrent pour satisfaire les desseins politiques et didactiques du roi des Français. La présentation de la plupart de ces statues au Salon, où elles firent parfois l’objet de critiques tant positives que négatives, interroge la part de liberté créatrice concédée aux sculpteurs dans le cadre prétendument strict de la commande officielle, et dans le contexte des nombreux courants artistiques qui, à l’instar du romantisme, animaient la scène parisienne.
Le visage de l’histoire : le portrait au musée historique
Authors: Lavaux Marion 
Published: October 2021

Les portraits constituent plus de deux tiers des œuvres présentées dans les Galeries historiques créées par Louis-Philippe à Versailles au début des années 1830. Témoignant des modèles et des inspirations de galeries d’hommes illustres fréquentées par le duc d’Orléans depuis sa jeunesse (au Palais-Royal, à Eu, aux Tuileries…), ces collections reflètent également les aspirations et les ambitions – succès ou échecs – de ce panthéon « à toutes les gloires de la France ». Loin de former un ensemble homogène, ces portraits comprennent des œuvres anciennes comme contemporaines, prélevées dans leur environnement d’origine ou commandées spécialement pour Versailles et impliquent des maîtres de premier plan aussi bien que des artistes secondaires. Un sous-ensemble se révèle à l’étude particulièrement intéressant : celui des copies, nombreuses puisqu’elles représentent deux tiers des collections de portraits. Réalisées par l’atelier de moulages du Louvre dans le cadre d’une vaste commande de l’administration des Musées, elles constituent une sorte de recensement des principaux monuments funéraires de France à une époque où le patrimoine local fait l’objet de multiples entreprises d’exploration et d’inventaire. Les collections de portraits du musée historique connaîtront dès la monarchie de Juillet une fortune critique très mitigée, partagée entre réflexion acerbe sur l’artificialité du rassemblement de ces œuvres si diverses et reconnaissance émue du lien personnel qu’entretiennent nombre de visiteurs avec ces portraits d’ancêtres ou de personnages côtoyés durant les batailles révolutionnaires ou napoléoniennes.
Comparison between pre-emptive oral tramadol and tapentadol for attenuation of catheter-related bladder discomfort and surgical stress response in patients undergoing transurethral resection of prostate: A prospective, randomised, double-blind trial
Authors: Bindal Kriti , Kumar Nidhi , Oberoi Deepak , Biswas Manoj 
Published: October 2021

Background and Aims:Surgical interventions involving urinary catheterisation often lead to catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD). With a very high incidence rate of 47%–90%, CRBD often leads to a distressing and painful recovery after surgery. Although many opioids have been used for the treatment of CRBD, the search for the best is still going on. This study investigated the efficacy and tolerability of oral tapentadol and tramadol on postoperative CRBD.Methods:This was a prospective, randomised double-blind study. 100 patients, undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate were randomly assigned into two groups to receive tramadol 100 mg (Group A) or tapentadol 50 mg (Group B) orally 1 h before surgery. CRBD was evaluated on a 4-point severity scale in the post-operative area at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 h. Pain and adverse effects were assessed postoperatively. Serum cortisol levels before and after the procedure were noted. Statistical analysis was done with the analysis of variance,ttest.Results:Postoperative CRBD, 2 h after surgery was significantly reduced in group B than group A (P= 0.012). Cortisol levels, postoperatively were significantly lower in Group B (113 ± 65.45) (P= 0.001) than group A (162.64 ± 118.84 ng/dL). Dry mouth was seen in four, nausea in eight and sedation in six patients in group A while none in group B. 14 patients in Group A and one patient in Group B needed intravenous paracetamol (P= 0.000).Conclusions:Premedication with tapentadol was more effective in reducing CRBD and pain postoperatively. The surgical stress response and side effects were significantly reduced with tapentadol.
Effectiveness of virtual training for medical officers and community health officers in the critical care management of COVID-19 patients in the intensive care unit
Authors: Gautam Shefali , Shukla Aparna , Mishra Neelkamal , Kohli Monika , Singh Gyan P. 
Published: October 2021

Background and Aims:The coronavirus disease -19 has changed various aspects of education and training in all fields, and e-learning has now become the preferred mode of training and teaching. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of online training and to overcome the limitations of e-learning.Methods:A total of 176 medical officers (MOs) and 720 community health officers (CHOs) were trained in four batches by using seven training modules with online videos and lecture series. Each batch received two days of training. A pre-test and post-test were conducted which consisted of 25 multiple-choice questions of 4 marks each. There was no negative marking. Candidates obtaining >80 marks were declared as having passed. The results of the pre-test and post-tests were compared.Results:There was remarkable improvement in the knowledge regarding critical care management after virtual training, as evidenced by the test results. None of the MOs scored more than 80% in the pre-test; however, 153 MOs scored more than 80% in the post-test. The average score improved from 47.82 (pre-test) to 89.05 (post-test). The difference was statically significant (P< 0.0001). Similarly, 123 CHOs scored more than 80% in the pre-test, while 378 CHOs scored more than 80% in the post-test. Improvement in average marks was also seen: 90.5 in the post-test as compared to 62.76 in the pre-test. The difference was statically significant (P< 0.0001).Conclusion:Online training is beneficial for many candidates from various locations within a short period. The interactive sessions after training are also helpful, and well-designed pre- and post-tests are adequate for assessment.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence and determinants of gestational diabetes mellitus in Nigeria
Authors: Azeez Taoreed Adegoke , Abo-Briggs Tamunosaki , Adeyanju Ayodeji Sylvester 
Published: October 2021

Background:Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is any degree of glucose intolerance with onset or first diagnosis in pregnancy. GDM has numerous potential complications and it is important to estimate its burden and risk factors. The objective of the meta-analysis was to determine the pooled prevalence of GDM in Nigeria and identify its determinants.Methods:The study design was a meta-analysis; therefore the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Electronic databases (African Journal Online, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar) and the gray literature were systematically searched. Statistical analysis was done with MetaXL using the random effect model. Heterogeneity was determined using the I2statistic and the publication bias was checked with the Doi plot.Results:The total sample size was 46 210. The prevalence of GDM in Nigeria was 0.5 – 38% and the pooled prevalence was 11.0% (95% CI 8-13). The I2statistic was 99%. The Doi plot suggested some degree of bias. The most frequently reported determinants of GDM were previous macrosomic babies, maternal obesity, family history of diabetes, previous miscarriage, and advanced maternal age.Conclusion:The prevalence of GDM in Nigeria is high and efforts should be geared at modifying its risk factors so as to reduce its prevalence and prevent the associated complications.
Electroencephalographic Activity in Patients with Claustrophobia
Authors: Moradi Dunya , Eyvazpour Reza , Rahimi Fariborz , Jahan Ali , Rasta Seyed Hossein , Esmaeili Mahdad 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Exposure to small confined spaces evokes physiological responses such as increased heart rate in claustrophobic patients. However, little is known about electrocortical activity while these people are functionally exposed to such phobic situations. The aim of this study was to examine possible changes in electrocortical activity in this population.

Method:
Two highly affected patients with claustrophobia and two healthy controls participated in this in vivo study during which electroencephalographic (EEG) activity was continuously recorded. Relative power spectral density (rPSD) was compared between two situations of being relaxed in a well-lit open area, and sitting in a relaxed chair in a small (90 cm × 180 cm × 155 cm) chamber with a dim light. This comparison of rPSDs in five frequency bands of EEG was intended to investigate possible patterns of change in electrical activity during fear-related situation. This possible change was also compared between claustrophobic patients and healthy controls in all cortical areas.

Results:
Statistical models showed that there is a significant interaction between groups of participants and experimental situations in all frequency bands (P < 0.01). In other words, claustrophobic patients showed significantly different changes in electrical activity while going from rest to the test situation. Clear differences were observed in alpha and theta bands. In the theta band, while healthy controls showed an increase in rPSD, claustrophobic patients showed an opposite decrease in the power of electrical activity when entering the confined chamber. In alpha band, both groups showed an increase in rPSD, though this increase was significantly higher for claustrophobic patients.

Conclusion:
The effect of in vivo exposure to confined environments on EEG activity is different in claustrophobic patients than in healthy controls. Most of this contrast is observed in central and parietal areas of the cortex, and in the alpha and theta bands.
Exploring the Pharmacological Mechanism of Danhe Granules against Hyperlipidemia by Means of Network Pharmacology and Verified by Preliminary Experiments
Authors: Zhang Zhi-Qing , Chen Ai-Ping , Yu Tong , Yang Shuang-Jie , Yu De-Shuai , Yang Ran , Chai Xin-Lou 
Published: October 2021

Objective:
This study explored the multicomponent, multitarget, and multipathway mechanism of Danhe granules (DG) against hyperlipidemia through network pharmacology. The relevant targets and pathways were verified by preliminary experiments.

Methods:
The active components of DG were selected by TCMSP and TCMIP database, and the component-target network diagram was constructed by Cytoscape 3.7.1. The protein–protein interaction network of targets was constructed and core targets were screened out by STRING11.0 database. Metascape database and Cytoscape 3.7.1 were used to enrich the target and establish a hyperlipidemia model in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats to detect blood lipid and oxidative stress indexes and observed pathological changes of aorta by H and E staining.

Results:
The results showed that a total of seven active components of DG were screened out, including quercetin, sitosterol, luteolin, kaempferol, etc. There were 127 corresponding targets, including AKT1, tumor necrosis factor, TP53, interleukin-6, RELA, vascular endothelial growth factor, superoxide dismutases, and catalase. It is mainly involved in biological processes such as drug response, regulation of apoptosis, redox reaction, and lipid reaction. There were 573 signal pathways corresponding to the target, including HIF-1 signal pathway, TNF signal pathway, VEGF signal pathway, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, etc. The experiment verified that DG can reduce the blood lipid of SD rats by regulating the process of oxidative stress.

Conclusions:
This study made a preliminary study on the pharmacological mechanism of DG against hyperlipidemia and laid the foundation for the research and development of new drugs and subsequent in-depth research.
Changes in patterns and outcomes of trauma patients after betterment in law and order situation of the city
Authors: Saqib Sabah Uddin , Zafar Hasnain 
Published: October 2021

Objective: To assess the impact of the law and order situation of a city on the pattern of traumatic injuries and the overall outcomes of trauma victims.
Method: The retrospective study of prospective trauma surgery data was done at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, and comprised data of patients with torso injuries before the improvement of law and order situation from January 2012 to March 2013 in Group A, and of those with similar injuries after the law and order situation improved in the city from January 2018 to March 2019 in Group B. The required data was collected by a single researcher using a predesigned questionnaire. Inter-group comparison was done to see the difference in patterns of injuries and outcomes. Data were analysed using SPSS 22.
Results: Of the 676 cases reviewed, Group A had 416(61.5%); 363(87%) males and 53(13%) females with overall mean age of 37+/-13 years. Group B had 260(38.5%); 219(84%) males and 41(16%) females with overall mean age of 36+/-13 years (p>0.05). Penetrating trauma alone or combined with blunt force was the most common mechanism in Group A i.e. 245 patients (59%), while in group B blunt trauma was the commonest cause 209 patients (80.4%). There was an overall 37.5% (156 cases) reduction in torso trauma cases. Mortality in Group A was 22(5.3%) and in Group B it was 7(2.7%).
Conclusion: With the improvement in the law and order situation, there was reduction in overall trauma cases and the pattern of trauma shifted from penetrating
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Biosynthesis of Fe nanoparticles using Alhagi sparsifolia extract for the treatment of colorectal carcinoma in the in vitro condition: A pre-clinical trial study
Authors: Zhou Yadong , Dou Fafu , Alahmadi Tahani Awad , Alharbi Sulaiman Ali , Wainwright Milton 
Published: October 2021

IntroductionThe preparation and formulation of new chemotherapeutic supplements and drugs with remarkable effects for the treatment of cancer are in the priority of both developing and developed countries. Recently, iron nanoparticles have been used as modern chemotherapeutic drugs for the treatment of several cancers such as leukemia, lung cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, etc. In the present study, iron nanoparticles were green-synthesized using the aqueous extract of Alhagi sparsifolia leaf aqueous extract.Material and methodsThe synthesized FeNPs were characterized by analytical techniques including SEM, TEM, UV-Vis., and FT-IR. The anti-human colorectal carcinoma activity of FeNPs was evaluated using MTT assay. In the cellular and molecular part of the recent study, the treated cells with FeNPs were assessed by MTT assay for 48h about the cytotoxicity and anti-human colorectal carcinoma properties on normal (HUVEC) and colorectal carcinoma cell lines i.e. HT-29, HCT 116, HCT-8, and Ramos.2G6.4C10.ResultsThe nanoparticles were formed in a spherical shape in the average size of 47.24 nm. In the antioxidant test, the IC50 of FeNPs and BHT against DPPH free radicals were 161 and 134 µg/mL, respectively. The viability of malignant colorectal cell line reduced dose-dependently in the presence of FeNPs. The IC50 of FeNPs were 250, 293, 276, and 344 µg/mL against HT-29, HCT 116, HCT-8, and Ramos.2G6.4C10 cell lines, respectively.ConclusionsAfter clinical study, iron nanoparticles containing Alhagi sparsifolia leaf aqueous extract may be used to formulate a new chemotherapeutic drug or supplement to treat the several types of human colorectal carcinoma.