bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term outcomes of peripheral arterial disease patients with significant coronary artery disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Choi Byoung Geol , Hong Ji-Yeon , Rha Seung-Woon , Choi Cheol Ung , Lee Michael S. 
Published: May 2021

Background
Patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) have known to a high risk of cardiac mortality. However, the effectiveness of the routine evaluation of coronary arteries such as routine coronary angiography (CAG) in PAD patients receiving percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) is unclear.

Methods
A total of 765 consecutive PAD patients underwent successful PTA and 674 patients (88.1%) underwent routine CAG. Coronary artery disease (CAD) was defined as angiographic stenosis ≥70%. Patients were divided into three groups; 1) routine CAG and a presence of CAD (n = 413 patients), 2) routine CAG and no CAD group (n = 261 patients), and 3) no CAG group (n = 91 patients). To adjust for any potential confounders that could cause bias, multivariable Cox-proportional hazards regression and propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier curved analysis at 5-year follow-up.

Results
In this study, the 5-year survival rate of patients with PAD who underwent PTA was 88.5%. Survival rates were similar among the CAD group, the no CAD group, and the no CAG group, respectively (87.7% vs. 90.4% vs. 86.8% P = 0.241). After PSM analysis between the CAD group and the no CAD group, during the 5-year clinical follow-up, there were no differences in the incidence of death, myocardial infarction, strokes, peripheral revascularization, or target extremity surgeries between the two groups except for repeat PCI, which was higher in the CAD group than the non-CAD group (9.3% vs. 0.8%, P<0.001).

Conclusion
PAD patients with CAD were expected to have very poor long-term survival, but they are shown no different long-term prognosis such as mortality compared to PAD patients without CAD. These PAD patients with CAD had received PCI and/or optimal medication treatment after the CAG. Therefore a strategy of routine CAG and subsequent PCI, if required, appears to be a reasonable strategy for mortality risk reduction of PAD patients. Our results highlight the importance for evaluation for CAD in patients with PAD.
Australian Aboriginal techniques for memorization: Translation into a medical and allied health education setting
Authors: Reser David , Simmons Margaret , Johns Esther , Ghaly Andrew , Quayle Michelle , Dordevic Aimee L. , Tare Marianne , McArdle Adelle , Willems Julie , Yunkaporta Tyson 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundWriting and digital storage have largely replaced organic memory for encoding and retrieval of information in the modern era, with a corresponding decrease in emphasis on memorization in Western education. In health professional training, however, there remains a large corpus of information for which memorization is the most efficient means of ensuring: A) that the trainee has the required information readily available; and B) that a foundation of knowledge is laid, upon which the medical trainee builds multiple, complex layers of detailed information during advanced training. The carefully staged progression in early- to late- years’ medical training from broad concepts (e.g. gross anatomy and pharmacology) to in-depth, specialised disciplinary knowledge (e.g. surgical interventions and follow-on care post-operatively) has clear parallels to the progression of training and knowledge exposure that Australian Aboriginal youths undergo in their progression from childhood to adulthood to Tribal Elders.MethodsAs part of the Rural Health curriculum and the undergraduate Nutrition and Dietetics program in the Monash University Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, we tested Australian Aboriginal techniques of memorization for acquisition and recall of novel word lists by first-year medical students (N = 76). We also examined undergraduate student evaluations (N = 49) of the use of the Australian Aboriginal memory technique for classroom study of foundational biomedical knowledge (the tricarboxylic acid cycle) using qualitative and quantitative analytic methods drawing from Bloom’s taxonomy for orders of thinking and learning.Acquisition and recall of word lists were assessed without memory training, or after training in either the memory palace technique or the Australian Aboriginal narrative technique.ResultsBoth types of memory training improved the number of correctly recalled items and reduced the frequency of specific error types relative to untrained performance. The Australian Aboriginal method resulted in approximately a 3-fold greater probability of improvement to accurate recall of the entire word list (odds ratio = 2.82; 95% c.i. = 1.15–6.90), vs. the memory palace technique (odds ratio = 2.03; 95% c.i. = 0.81–5.06) or no training (odds ratio = 1.5; 95% c.i. = 0.54–4.59) among students who did not correctly recall all list items at baseline.Student responses to learning the Australian Aboriginal memory technique in the context of biomedical science education were overwhelmingly favourable, and students found both the training and the technique enjoyable, interesting, and more useful than rote memorization.Our data indicate that this method has genuine utility and efficacy for study of biomedical sciences and in the foundation years of medical training.
Reproductive healthcare in prison: A qualitative study of women’s experiences and perspectives in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Liauw Jessica , Jurgutis Jessica , Nouvet Elysée , Dineley Brigid , Kearney Hannah , Reaka Naomi , Fitzpatrick-Lewis Donna , Peirson Leslea , Kouyoumdjian Fiona 
Published: May 2021

Objective
To explore women’s experiences and perspectives of reproductive healthcare in prison.

Methods
We conducted a qualitative study using semi-structured focus groups in 2018 with women in a provincial prison in Ontario, Canada. We asked participants about their experiences and perspectives of pregnancy and contraception related to healthcare in prison. We used a combination of deductive and inductive content analysis to categorize data. A concept map was generated using a reproductive justice framework.

Results
The data reflected three components of a reproductive justice framework: 1) women have limited access to healthcare in prison, 2) reproductive safety and dignity influence attitudes toward pregnancy and contraception, and 3) women in prison want better reproductive healthcare. Discrimination and stigma were commonly invoked throughout women’s experiences in seeking reproductive healthcare.

Conclusions
Improving reproductive healthcare for women in prison is crucial to promoting reproductive justice in this population. Efforts to increase access to comprehensive, responsive, and timely reproductive healthcare should be informed by the needs and desires of women in prison and should actively seek to reduce their experience of discrimination and stigma in this context.
Impact of obesity on outcome of severe bacterial infections
Authors: Alsiö Åsa , Nasic Salmir , Ljungström Lars , Jacobsson Gunnar 
Published: May 2021

Introduction
Obesity is a rapidly growing global health concern with considerable negative impact on life-time expectancy. It has yet not been clarified if and how obesity impacts outcomes of severe bacterial infections. The aim of this study was to determine how body mass index impacts outcome of severe bacterial infections in a well-defined population-based cohort.

Methods
This study is based on a cohort of 2196 patients included in a Swedish prospective, population-based, consecutive observational study of the incidence of community-onset severe sepsis and septic shock in adults. All patients with weight and height documented in the medical records on admission were included.

Results
The case fatality rate (CFR) was negatively correlating with increasing BMI. Outcomes included 28-day CFR (p-value = 0.002), hospital CFR (p-value = 0.039) and 1-year CFR (p-value<0.001). When BMI was applied as continuous variable in a multiple logistic regression together with other possible covariates, we still could discern that BMI was associated with decreasing 28-day CFR (OR = 0.93, 95% CI 0.88–0.98, p-value = 0.009) and 1-year CFR (OR = 0.94, 95% CI 0.91–0.97, p-value<0.001).

Conclusion
The hypothesis and paradox of obesity being associated with higher survival rates in severe bacterial infections was confirmed in this prospective, population-based observational study.
Contact lens procurement and usage habits among adults in Sudan
Authors: Gammoh Yazan , Abdu Mustafa 
Published: May 2021

Objective
The study aimed to assess contact lens (CL) wear and care habits among adults in Sudan.

Design
An observational, non-interventional, multi-center, cross-sectional study was conducted in the CL departments of all the eye hospitals and centers, and optical centers in the Khartoum State, Sudan.

Participants
Established CL wearers residing in Khartoum State, Sudan.

Main outcomes and measures
CL wear profile, CL usage habits, hand and CL hygiene habits were assessed using an interviewer-administered questionnaire.

Results
The average age of the 442 participants was 24.57 (± 4.87) years. Women comprised 92% of the sample. Smoking was reported by 15.8% of the sample. 81.9% wore soft spherical CL, with 43.4% of the participants were prescribed CL on a yearly replacement schedule. Only 68.3% were prescribed CL by an eye care practitioner. Multipurpose solutions were used by 78.8% of the sample to clean CL, and by 52% to clean the lens case. Compliance rate for CL wear and care among participants was 81.1%. None of the participants reported sharing CL or CL case and rinsing the case with tap water. High compliance level was observed for overnight wear; swimming and showering with CL; handwashing before CL insertion; and cleaning of CL. Moderate compliance rates were recorded for cleaning and replacing lens case, and topping up or sharing solution. Low compliance was noted for attending after care visits.

Conclusions and relevance
CL wearers in Sudan exhibit high to moderate levels of compliance to most contact lens wear and care aspects, except for attending aftercare visits. CL practitioners in Sudan are encouraged to prescribe CL appropriate to the lifestyle and economic situation of patients and actively recommend care products. In addition, practitioners need to follow up with patients to attend aftercare appointments, where hygienic wear and care habits should be emphasized.
S100B protein, cerebral ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging patterns in brain injured preterm infants
Authors: Gasparroni Giorgia , Graziosi Alessandro , Bersani Iliana , Caulo Massimo , Moataza Bashir , Aboulgar Hanna , Mufeed Hala , Iskander Iman , Kornacka Maria , Gruzfeld Darek , Dotta Andrea , Savarese Immacolata , Chukhlantseva Natalia , Tina Lucia Gabriella , Nigro Francesco , Livolti Giovanni , Galvano Fabio , Di Battista Caterina , D’Adamo Ebe , Primavera Adele Patrizia , Lapergola Giuseppe , Conte Mariangela , Salomone Rita , Perrotta Marika , Panichi Daniele , Levantini Gabriella , Catenaro Milena , Strozzi Chiara , Maconi Antonio , Centini Giacomo , Chiarelli Francesco , D’Antonio Francesco , Gavilanes Danilo A.W. , Gazzolo Diego 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The early detection of preterm infants (PI) at risk for intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and neurological sequelae still constitutes an unsolved issue. We aimed at validating the role of S100B protein in the early diagnosis and prognosis of IVH in PI by means of cerebral ultrasound (CUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) today considered standard of care procedures.

Methods
We conducted an observational case-control study in 216 PI of whom 36 with IVH and 180 controls. Standard clinical, laboratory, radiological monitoring procedures and S100B urine measurement were performed at four time-points (first void, 24, 48, 96 h) after birth. Cerebral MRI was performed at 40–42 weeks of corrected gestational age.

Results
Elevated (p<0.001, for all) S100B levels were observed in the IVH group at all monitoring time-point particularly at first void when standard monitoring procedures were still silent or unavailable. S100B measured at first void correlated (p<0.001) with the grade of hemorrhage by means of CUS and with the site and extension of neurological lesion (p<0.001, for all) as assessed by MRI.

Conclusions
The present results showing a correlation among S100B and CUS and MRI offer additional support to the inclusion of the protein in clinical daily management of cases at risk for IVH and adverse neurological outcome. The findings open the way to further investigations in PI aimed at validating new neurobiomarkers by means of S100B.
AC/DC robust controller technique for reliable operation of photovoltaic-based microgrid using firefly algorithm and fuzzy logic
Authors: Abdali Ali , Mazlumi Kazem 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Photovoltaic is one of the renewable energies in generating electricity. The MPPT as effective technique can improve the performance of photovoltaic cells. Key problem in photovoltaic systems is that it does not achieve much power since the various weather conditions effects on photovoltaic power cells in working such as solar radiation or rainy and cloudy weather. Therefore, the MPPT in PV cells runs and leads to change during the day and seasons. On the other hand, providing an appropriate controller for the MPPT is too important. Here, main purpose is applying the robust controller, which is tuned by firefly algorithm to optimize MPPT in photovoltaic systems. The main reason to propose this method is some defects in previous controllers such as low stability, low battery lifetime, inability to combine AC/DC and low efficiency. The suggested model is performed by MATLAB/Simulink software. Finally, the FLFA model has higher efficiency and best dynamic response than other methods.
Chinese bayberry Jiaosu fermentation – changes of mycobiota composition and antioxidant properties
Authors: Fang Sheng , Jin Zhening , Xu Yisong , Sha Ruyi , Mao Jianwei , Jiang Zengliang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the dynamic changes of mycobiota community, and the resultant effects on the antioxidant properties during the Chinese bayberry Jiaosu fermentation. The structure and composition of mycobiota during the Chinese bayberry Jiaosu fermentation were significantly changed (p < 0.001) and clearly clustered into two distinct phases (Phase 1: Day 5–20; Phase 2: Day 30–60, p < 0.001). From Phase 1 to Phase 2, the dominant fungi gradually changed from Saccharomycetales fam Incertae sedis to Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The antioxidative properties (total polyphenols, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH], superoxide and 2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) [ABTS] radical scavenging) of Chinese bayberry Jiaosu were significantly increased by 250.4, 73.9, 25.3 and 40.0% respectively (p < 0.001). Co-occurrence network analysis revealed that Saccharomyces cerevisiae contributed to the increase of antioxidative properties in the Chinese bayberry Jiaosu fermentation. Our research indicates that fermentation into Chinese bayberry Jiaosu is an effective and new method for high-valued utilization of Chinese bayberry.
End Meeting for All: The Performative Meta-Collages of Forced Entertainment
Authors: Tamas Luciana 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Collage – the insertion of ready-made materials into artworks or texts – is a technique that has been used in all art forms since the experiments of the early twentieth-century avant-gardes and has, in its different shapes, often been used in theatre performances as well. The British theatre group Forced Entertainment provides a contemporary example of a (post-)avant-garde vocabulary that actively borrows from and transforms the practices of their precursors. They employ a palimpsest-like layering of visual and verbal elements, which I will here define as performative meta-collages. In this article, I will discuss their practice and take a look at the ways in which Forced Entertainment’s performative meta-collages verbalize and produce “future” in one of their recent performances, End Meeting for All, which imagines a scenario that takes place “a year and a day” after the beginning of the COVID-19-triggered lockdown in the spring of 2020.
Experimental study on modeling of Pu sorption onto quartz
Authors: Hemmi Ko , Walker Andrew , Yamaguchi Tetsuji 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Plutonium(IV) sorption onto quartz in carbonate solutions was systematically investigated under anaerobic conditions to analyze the sorption behaviors of Pu(IV) with a non-electrostatic model (NEM). Pu(IV) sorption data was obtained from batch sorption experiments as a function of pH and carbonate concentration. The Pu(IV) sorption onto quartz showed similar tendencies to Th(IV), which is considered to be chemically analogous as a tetravalent actinoid. The distribution coefficient, K

d
, of Pu(IV) onto quartz showed inverse proportionality to the square of the total carbonate concentration under the investigated pH conditions of 8–11. The modeling study, however, revealed a Th(IV) sorption model, which is ≡SOTh(OH)4
− and ≡SOThOH(CO3)2
2−, could not be applied to simulate the Pu(IV) sorption onto quartz. It was inferred that the electrostatic repulsion between negatively charged ligands limited the formation of ≡SOM(OH)4
− and ≡SOMOH(CO3)2
2− for Pu(IV) with smaller ionic radii than Th(IV). The Pu(IV) sorption model was developed as ≡SOPu(OH)3 and ≡SOPu(OH)4
−. In addition, data of Pu(IV) sorption onto muscovite was obtained in order to be compared with data for quartz.
Ground-state and isomeric-state cross-sections for 92Mo(n,α)89Zr and 95Mo(n,p)95Nb reactions in the 13–15 MeV energy region
Authors: Luo Junhua , Jiang Li 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The (n,α) and (n,p) cross-sections and their isomeric ratios (σ

m
/σ

g
) were measured at 13–15 MeV for 92Mo and 95Mo by activation and off-line γ-ray spectrometry. The activated Mo samples combined with Al foils were used to obtain the cross-section values and the neutron flux, generated using the 3H(d,n)4He reaction. The cross-sections of the ground states were obtained using the metastable state absolute cross-sections and the residual nuclear decay rule. The excitation functions, total cross-sections, and isomeric ratios for the 92Mo(n,α)89m,gZr and 95Mo(n,p)95m,gNb reactions were calculated using the TALYS-1.95 software. 92Mo(n,α)89m + gZr and 95Mo(n,p)95m + gNb reaction excitation functions were obtained using the EMPIRE-3.2.3 package. These simulation results were compared with the corresponding experimental data and with the evaluated data from the ENDF/B-VIII.0, JEFF-3.3, CENDL-3, and ROSFOND libraries. Only partial agreements were observed.
Personality and climate change mitigation: a psychological and semiotic exploration of the sustainable choices of optimists
Authors: Beattie Geoffrey , McGuire Laura 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Climate change is an anthropogenic existential threat that provokes extreme concern among climate scientists, but not, it seems, among all member of the public. Here, there is considerably more variability in level of concern and, it appears, in everyday sustainable behavior. But how does personality affect this variability in behavior? And how are underlying personality states like dispositional optimism linked to more sustainable everyday practices? Research in clinical psychology has suggested that dispositional optimism is a very positive personality characteristic associated with higher levels of hope and resilience, but applied research from other domains has reported that optimists can, on occasion, bury their heads in the sand and avoid attending to external threats, like climate change, in order to maintain mood state. So are optimists more immune to climate change messaging than non-optimists? And do they make fewer sustainable choices? A series of experimental studies, manipulating signifiers of carbon footprint (Study 1) and eco labels on products (Study 2) found that optimists made more sustainable choices than non-optimists and that both groups were influenced equally by climate change film clips in terms of sustainable choices (Study 1). Optimists also displayed a false consensus effect, overestimating the proportion of people who would behave more sustainably like themselves (Study 3). Given that global problems like climate change need concerted, cooperative effort, these optimistic beliefs about how others behave could be adaptive in the long-run. Designing climate change messages to appeal to optimists might be a critical consideration for the future.
Religion als Grenzkategorie von „Diversität“: Zur politischen Verhandlung einer Handschlagverweigerung
Authors: Hetmanczyk Philipp 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungDer Artikel analysiert die in der politischen Kommunikation zum Fall Therwil geäußerten Vorstellungen und angestrebten Zielsetzungen bezüglich des Umgangs mit Religion in der Schule. Es steht die Frage im Vordergrund, auf welche Konzepte religiöser Diversität innerhalb dieser Kommunikation rekurriert wird und in welchem Umfang Diversität in der Schule verwirklicht werden soll. Dabei wird eine Diskrepanz zwischen einem auf Inklusion basierenden Diversitätsideal einerseits und der de facto eingeforderten, auf Exklusion zielenden, Handhabung des Therwiler Vorfalls anderseits sichtbar.
Strukturierung eines Montagesystems bei Fertigungszeitspreizung
Authors: Daferner Martin , Mesenhöller Erik , Schmidt Thorsten 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Die Beherrschung von Fertigungszeitspreizung bei gleichzeitiger Steigerung des Nutzungsgrades und die Einhaltung der Reihenfolge sind die Gestaltungsmerkmale eines Montagesystems für kundenindividuelle Produkte bei Großserienfertigung. Deren Umsetzung leistet einen wichtigen Beitrag in der Strategie eines Premium-Automobilunternehmens. In diesem Beitrag wird das Fließsystem gegen ein Montagesystem mit Standarbeitsplätzen ersetzt. Mit den erarbeiteten Sensitivitätsgraphen gelingt eine kritische Diskussion der möglichen strukturellen Anordnungen des Montagesystems bei hoher Qualität der eingangs formulierten Gestaltungsmerkmale.
Vorschubanpassung auf Basis realer Qualitätsdaten bei Fräsprozessen
Authors: Brecher Christian , Wetzel Arndt , Voßen Jonathan , Fey Marcel 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Im Kontext der Gesamtproduktivität einer Fertigung steigt die Relevanz der Auslegungs- und Einfahrvorgänge spanender Bearbeitungsprozesse aufgrund immer kleinerer Losgrößen stetig an. In diesem Beitrag wird daher ein Ansatz vorgestellt, der diese Vorgänge entlasten bzw. unterstützen soll. Die ohnehin bei der Qualitätskontrolle anfallenden Qualitätsdaten werden dabei genutzt, um konturrelevante Fräsoperation hinsichtlich einer Reduktion der technischen Hauptzeit automatisiert iterativ zu verbessern.
Industrie 4.0-gerechte und automatisierte Handhabungstechnik für Freiformoberflächen
Authors: Kim Chong Dae , Sauer Tobias , Esch Philipp 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Dieser Beitrag stellt die Entwicklung eines Industrie 4.0-gerechten Formspannsystems für die Roboterhandhabung vor. Basierend auf einem Flexformmodul wird ein automatisierter Greifer entwickelt, mit dem die Handhabung von dreidimensional freigeformten Bauteilen möglich ist. Dafür wird das bestehende System mit geeigneten Sensoren und Aktoren erweitert. Ziel der Entwicklung ist die kraft- und wegüberwachte Abformung von unbekannten Bauteilen, sodass ohne vorheriges Anlernen des Systems eine vollständige Oberflächennachbildung erfolgt. Mit dem System ist neben der exakten Abformung der Kontur auch die Aufbringung einer definierten Spannkraft möglich.