bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blood pressure variability and functional outcome after decompressive hemicraniectomy in malignant middle cerebral artery infarction
Authors: Jung Jae Wook , Kang Ilmo , Park Jin , Jeon Sang‐Beom 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeMalignant middle cerebral artery infarction (MMI) is a severe condition with a high mortality rate. While decompressive hemicraniectomy has been demonstrated to reduce mortality, there is limited knowledge regarding blood pressure (BP) management following the surgery. This study aimed to investigate whether early blood pressure variability after surgery is associated with functional outcomes.MethodsThis study was a retrospective cohort analysis of patients with MMI who underwent decompressive hemicraniectomy. We calculated BP variability (BPV) by measuring BP hourly over a 72‐h period following surgery. We investigated the association between BPV parameters and functional outcomes at 3‐month. Additionally, we analyzed which specific time intervals within the 72 h post‐surgery BPV were associated with functional outcomes.ResultsA total of 110 patients were eligible for analysis. The mean age was 63.1 ± 13.1 years, and 57 (51.8%) were men. Among the systolic BPV parameters, the coefficient of variance showed a significant association with functional outcomes at 3‐month (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.69–0.95), and this association remained significant after adjusting for the antihypertensive agents use (AOR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.70–0.95). In contrast, diastolic BPV parameters did not show a significant association with functional outcomes. Systolic BPV during the 0‐ to 24‐h period of the 72‐h observation was significantly associated with functional outcomes (AOR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.76–0.98).ConclusionOur study identified a significant association between systolic BPV and 3‐month functional outcomes in MMI patients who underwent decompressive hemicraniectomy. This association persisted regardless of the use of antihypertensive agents, particularly during the hyperacute phase within the first 24 h post‐surgery.
“Oxford Responsibility” and the Promise of Ecumenical Social Ethics
Authors: MacDonald Gary B. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA concept of “Oxford Responsibility” shaped ecumenical social ethics at the Oxford Conference on Church, Community, and State of 1937. Organized by the Life and Work movement, the conference drew on the thought of Christian realism. Its social method comprised a unifying ecclesiology encompassing political and missional concern; an understanding of human freedom and dignity rooted in divine creation over against the modern project; and the dialogical social method of the middle axiom, providing provisional guidelines for action within particular historical and cultural contexts. This article uses the term “Oxford Responsibility” to refer to a society whose members and institutions act in accordance with human value and freedom, in obedience to the will of God, toward the achievement of justice within the limits and contingencies of human finitude, culture, and history. Having emerged in the global crises of the 1930s, the conference's method offers resources for the church in contemporary society.
Nathan Söderblom and the Universal Christian Conference on Life and Work
Authors: Jonson Jonas 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis article discusses the organization of the Universal Christian Conference on Life and Work in Stockholm in 1925, its significance for the 20th‐century ecumenical movement, and the central role played by Swedish Archbishop Nathan Söderblom. It describes Söderblom's repeated efforts during the First World War to bring churches together to work for peace and how he originally hoped that what might become the Stockholm conference would be organized by the World Alliance for Promoting International Friendship through the Churches, as well as his determination that Orthodox churches should be present in Stockholm. The article then gives an account of the proceedings of the Stockholm conference and how it demonstrated the diversity of the unity of the church.
Orthodox Participation in the Universal Christian Conference on Life and Work, Stockholm, 1925
Authors: Vasilevich Natallia 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis article examines the participation of Orthodox representatives in the Universal Christian Conference on Life and Work held in Stockholm in 1925. It highlights the contributions of Orthodox hierarchs and theologians to key themes such as social ethics, international relations, and cooperative efforts among Christian communions. Despite their active involvement, the Orthodox presence at the conference has so far been underresearched. The article emphasizes the significance of the Orthodox Church, particularly the Patriarchate of Constantinople, in shaping the conference's agenda and fostering ecumenical dialogue. It also discusses the urgent call for Christian unity in addressing contemporary societal challenges and underlines the importance of Orthodox participation in advancing the goals of the ecumenical movement during a critical period in world history.
Ecumenical Social Ethics and Action in a Fractured World
Authors: Gnanadason Aruna 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis article discusses the history of ecumenical social ethics and action since the Universal Christian Council on Life and Work in Stockholm in 1925, and especially the work of the Church and Society programme of the World Council of Churches following its founding in 1948. It recounts how in the 1960s, perspectives on ecumenical social ethics were challenged by voices from Africa, Asia, and Latin America. The article examines especially the role played by women in the search for just structures in church and society and in seeking to respond to the challenges of globalization. It concludes with a discussion of the Theology of Life programme in the 1990s and the process to find Alternatives to Globalization Addressing People and the Earth (AGAPE).
Point Class‐Adaptive Transformer (PCaT): A Novel Approach for Efficient Point Cloud Classification and Segmentation
Authors: Mushtaq Husnain , Deng Xiaoheng , Jinag Ping , Wan Shaohua , Javed Rawal , Ullah Irshad 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTRecent 3D point cloud classification has predominantly focused on local spatial attention, neglecting distant contextual relationships due to the inherent sparsity of LiDAR‐generated data over longer distances. Existing 3D object detection methods prioritize local features, hindering the extraction of semantic information. Despite attempts with transformers, methods often reduce computations through local spatial attention, neglecting content class and scarcely establishing connections among distant global points. Our proposed point class‐adaptive transformer (PCaT) addresses these limitations by establishing long‐range feature dependencies while significantly reducing computations. PCaT includes three key modules: the class‐adaptive transformer (CaT), which utilizes local self‐attention and global self‐attention based on class similarity to facilitate an efficient trade‐off between capturing extended‐global dependencies and managing computational challenges; nested binary clustering (NbC), which dynamically partitions queries into multiple clusters based on content features in each Transformer block; and the AfA, which aggregates high‐dimensional features using max‐pooling alongside a residual MLP component and low‐dimensional features using average pooling and a CaT block. Additionally, PCaT incorporates point cloud segmentation via local–global feature aggregation (PcSeg) to facilitate effective point cloud segmentation. Extensive experimentation on the ModelNet40, ScanObjectNN, and S3DIS datasets demonstrates the superior performance and reasonable stability of PCaT compared with existing methods. PCaT achieves 94.2% overall accuracy (OA) and mIoU scores of 89.2% and 86.2% for the ScanObjectNN and S3DIS datasets, respectively.
The effect of task authenticity on second language writing product and process: The case of a morphologically complex language – Russian
Authors: Kogan Vita , Révész Andrea , Cheung Suet‐sin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThere is compelling empirical evidence suggesting that more authentic learning tasks improve second language learners' motivation and learning (Long, 1996; Van Lier, 2014). However, most research on this topic has focused on Germanic and Romance L2 languages, primarily in the context of speaking skills. Little is known about the effect of task authenticity on L2 writing, especially in languages other than English. The present study investigated how increased task authenticity, operationalized as writing to a real recipient rather than an imaginary friend, affected L2 writing in Russian—a language that exhibits a high level of morphological complexity (Gilabert & Castellví, 2019; Nuss & Martelle, 2022). We adopted a mixed‐methods approach to investigate participants' writing behaviors and underlying cognitive processes. Twenty‐eight intermediate and advanced L1 English speakers, learning Russian as an L2, completed both more and less authentic writing tasks involving composing letters to either real or imaginary recipients. Dependent‐sample t‐tests revealed a significant effect of task authenticity on subordination complexity and fluency. Specifically, participants wrote texts with fewer subordinate clauses and exhibited a slower writing pace in more authentic tasks. These findings underscore the importance of investigating writing processes alongside writing products to achieve a more nuanced understanding of L2 writing.
Shared Genetic Links Between Sleep, Neurodevelopmental and Neuropsychiatric Conditions: A Genome‐Wide and Pathway‐Based Polygenic Score Analysis
Authors: Fahey Laura , Lopez Lorna M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTGenetic correlations have been reported between chronotype and both autism (AUT) and schizophrenia (SCZ), as well as between insomnia and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), bipolar disorder (BP), schizophrenia (SCZ) and major depression (MDD). Our study aimed to investigate these shared genetic variations using genome‐wide and pathway‐based polygenic score analyses. We computed polygenic scores using summary statistics from genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) of ADHD (N = 225,534), AUT (N = 46,350), BP (N = 353,899), MDD (N = 500,199) and SCZ (N = 160,779). We tested their performance in predicting chronotype (N = 409,630) and insomnia (N = 239,918) status of UK Biobank participants. For pathway‐based polygenic scores, we restricted genetic variation to SNPs that mapped to genes within 1377 Reactome pathways. Genome‐wide polygenic scores for AUT, BP, MDD and SCZ were associated with an evening chronotype (p < 2.2 × 10−16, p = 4.8 × 10−3, p = 8.07 × 10−4 and p < 2.2 × 10−16, respectively). Polygenic scores for ADHD, AUT, BP, MDD SCZ were associated with insomnia (p < 2.2 × 10−16, p = 2.93 × 10−3, p = 2.9 × 10−7, p < 2.2 × 10−16 and p = 8.86 × 10−3, respectively). While pathway‐based polygenic score analysis identified the KEAP1‐NRF2 (p = 1.29 × 10−8) and mRNA Splicing‐Minor Pathways (p = 1.52 × 10−8) as enriched for genetic variation overlapping between chronotype and BP, the majority of tested pathways yielded null findings, suggesting that specific shared genetic mechanisms between sleep‐related phenotypes and neurodevelopmental/psychiatric conditions (NDPC) may be limited to a subset of pathways. Colocalisation analysis identified BP‐associated SNPs in CUL3 and SF3B1 as being linked to changes in their expression. Our results strengthen evidence for shared genetic variation between NDPC and sleep‐related phenotypes. We identify the KEAP1‐NRF2 and mRNA Splicing‐Minor Pathways as potentially mediating the disrupted circadian rhythm phenotype of BP.
Relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and falls in older adults: A population‐based study
Authors: de Figueiredo Julia Araujo , Garcia Magno Conceição , Oliveira Aldair J 
Published: December 2024

AimThe present study investigated the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and episodes and severity of falls in older adults.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study drew on data from the Brazilian 2019 National Health Survey. The sample consisted of 18 991 older adults (aged ≥60 years). CRF was obtained through a non‐exercise model for estimating VO2max, and the people were classified as low, moderate or high CRF. Logistic and multinomial regression models were used. Odds ratios (ORs) and their respective confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated.ResultsOlder adults with strong CRF are 29% (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.52–0.92) less likely to suffer falls than those with poor CRF. High levels of CRF were also associated with non‐severe falls. However, no associations were found between CRF and severe falls with fractures and medical intervention.ConclusionAlthough good CRF levels can reduce the chance of falls, this protection does not extend to falls with more severe consequences, such as fractures and the need to seek medical care. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2025; 25: 167–172.
Interfacial microstructures and thermal/electrical conductivity of high‐temperature co‐fired alumina ceramic substrates
Authors: Hao Yalong , Zhang Guanglei , Bai Letian , Yang Zhigang , Jin Huajiang , Gao Shan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties of the metal–ceramic interface in ceramic substrates are now critical in the performance and reliability of electronic equipments. This study systematically investigated the interfacial properties between platinum and alumina in HTCC substrates. Results revealed that a high interfacial bonding strength of approximately 1 GPa was achieved between platinum and alumina, which was attributed to minimized thermal stress, reduced interface defects due to the incorporation of ultrafine alumina powders in the platinum paste, and the closely matched thermal expansion coefficients of Pt and Al2O3. Meanwhile, the thermal conductivity was 98.33 W/m·K at 25°C, and the electrical conductivity was 1.67 × 107 S/m at 20°C. As a result, high‐temperature Co‐fired ceramics substrates with strong interfacial bonding between platinum and alumina, coupled with excellent thermal and electrical properties, are promising materials for advanced electronic packaging.
The Impact of Public Health and Social Measures (PHSMs) on SARS‐CoV‐2 Transmission in the WHO European Region (2020–2022)
Authors: Liu Yang , Diamond Charlie , Abbott Sam , Wong Kerry , Schmidt Tanja , Edmunds W. John , Pebody Richard , Jit Mark 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundBetween 2020 and 2022, countries used a range of different public health and social measures (PHSMs) to reduce the transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2. The impact of these PHSMs varied as the pandemic progressed, variants of concern (VOCs) emerged, vaccines rolled out and acceptance/uptake rates evolved. In this study, we assessed the impact of PHSMs in the World Health Organization (WHO) European Region during VOC phases.MethodsWe relied on time series data on genome sequencing, PHSMs, health outcomes and physical contacts. Panel regression models were used to assess the association between PHSMs and SARS‐CoV‐2 transmission (approximated using time‐varying reproduction numbers). The interpretation of these regression models was assisted by hierarchical clustering, which was used to detect the temporal co‐occurrence of PHSMs. Generalised linear models were used to check if PHSMs are associated with physical contacts.ResultsWe identified four phases based on the dominating VOC in the WHO European Region: wild type (before early 2021), Alpha (early to mid‐2021), Delta (mid‐to‐late 2021) and Omicron (after late 2021). ‘School closure’, ‘stay‐at‐home requirement’ and ‘testing policy’ were consistently associated with lower transmission across VOC phases. The impact of most PHSMs varied by VOC phases without clear increasing or decreasing trends as the pandemic progressed. Several PHSMs associated with lower transmission were not associated with fewer physical contacts.ConclusionsThe impact of PHSMs evolved as the pandemic progressed—although without clear trends. The specific mechanisms by which some PHSMs reduce SARS‐CoV‐2 transmission require further research.
Structural relaxation and reheating shrinkage of alkali‐free aluminosilicate glasses induced by thermal cycling
Authors: Huang Yuxiang , Jin Liangmao , Cao Shengshuo , Li Luyao , Wang Jing , Han Jianjun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGlass substrate for organic light‐emitting diodes (OLED) requires to undergo several heating processes and thus makes a thermal shrinkage of glass substrate. The shrinkage leads to a pixel shifting and becomes a key factor affecting OLED panel quality. To understand the thermal shrinkage process, it is crucial to study the structural relaxation and thermodynamic characteristics of glass substrate around the glass transition temperature. In this work, the network structure of alkali‐free aluminosilicate glasses and their structural relaxation in the glass transition temperature range were studied by both experiment and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The alkali‐free aluminosilicate glasses with 15.3–22.1 mol% alkali‐earth oxides (RO) were prepared, and their reheating shrinkage and enthalpy relaxation were measured to reflect the structural relaxation during thermal cycling. As the RO content increased from 15.3 to 22.1 mol%, the CTE25–300°C increased from 3.00 × 10−6 to 4.13 × 10−6/°C, and the strain point decreased from 780 to 744°C. The reheating shrinkage of 4 × 4 × 40 mm glass rods also increased from 4.01 to 9.51 ppm, and the volume shrinkage primarily occurred in the initial stages of holding at 600°C. The enthalpy relaxation of the glass was measured using differential scanning calorimetry, and there were very small enthalpy relaxation in alkali‐free aluminosilicate glasses due to their good thermal stability. Therefore, MD simulations were employed to calculate the potential energy and evaluate the structural relaxation. The potential energy of the glasses during thermal cycling revealed a significant energy hysteresis upon reheating, and the structural relaxation occurred at relatively low temperature with the increasing addition of RO contents. Further analysis confirmed that the structural relaxation of glasses was mainly due to the structural arrangement of alkali‐earth metal ions, including the changes in bond length, angles, coordination number, and atomic mean‐square distance.
Exploring Midwives' and Nurse‐Midwives' Professional Identity and How Midwifery May Be Best Represented in the Public Realm: A Global Convergent Parallel Mixed‐Methods Study
Authors: Pezaro Sally , Zarbiv Gila , Jones Jude , Lilei Feika Mariama , Fitzgerald Laura , Lukele Sanele , McMillan‐Bohler Jacquelyn , Baloyi Olivia B. , Maravic Da Silva Ksenija , Grant Christine , Bayliss‐Pratt Lisa , Hardtman Pandora 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAimsWith respect to midwives and nurse‐midwife populations (1) measure and (2) explore professional identity and (3) explore how the midwifery profession may be best represented in the public realm.DesignConvergent Parallel Mixed‐Methods Design.MethodsA web‐based survey was used to collect data from 860 midwives and nurse‐midwives from 102 countries between February and July 2022. Qualitative data were analysed inductively via reflexive thematic analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS.ResultsNurse‐midwives had a statistically significant higher professional identity score than midwives. Subthemes included pride and passion in midwifery and nurse‐midwifery; motivational religiosity; celebrating role diversity and a call for the separation of nursing and midwifery. Subthemes outlining barriers to the development of a healthy professional identity related to lack of professional recognition in society and lack of respect from other professions. Subthemes related to the representation of midwifery included (1) imagery (e.g., real midwives) and (2) mediums (e.g., statues). Diminished professional identity and the conflation of midwifery with nursing were negatively associated with the recruitment and retention of midwives.ConclusionThis is the first study to measure and investigate the professional identity of midwives and nurse‐midwives concomitantly and explore how midwifery may be best represented in the public realm. Public monuments highlighting both the art and science of midwifery along with the separation of midwifery from the nursing profession and enhanced role diversity may boost the professional identity of midwives overall.Implications for the ProfessionMidwives' professional identity, status and recognition in society are key to improved perinatal outcomes, recruitment and retention. Findings will inform interventions designed to enhance the professional identity and public representation of midwives worldwide.ImpactThis research demonstrates midwives diminished professional identity. Findings will be used to bolster the midwifery profession to improve perinatal outcomes, along with the recruitment and retention of midwives to the benefit of childbearing people and their families worldwide.Patient or Public ContributionGlobal webinars were used to engage midwives and nurse‐midwives in shaping the design and direction of this research.Reporting MethodThe Good Reporting of a Mixed Methods Study (GRAMMS) checklist was used to guide reporting.
Old Enough to Carry, Old Enough to Vote
Authors: Shiffrin Seana Valentine 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTJapa Pallikkathayil persuasively argues that abortion prohibitions treat impregnable people as less than equal citizens, subject to different treatment than other citizens whose bodies are protected from compulsory service for the benefit of others. Pallikkathayil's argument could be modified to avoid a tension with arguments for conscription, to stress that democratic equality is inconsistent with requisitioning a citizen's body to serve the needs of another specific citizen. Pallikkathayil also contends that ‘[t]he changes we would need to make to our other laws and practices to bring them into line with restrictive abortion laws are intuitively unattractive’. To complement her approach, I contend that consistency would require that if we subject minors to involuntary pregnancy and labor, then we should enfranchise minors. We lowered the voting age to 18 on the grounds that if military conscripts were ‘old enough to fight’, they were ‘old enough to vote’. Abortion restrictions conscript impregnable minors and subject them to involuntary bodily intrusions, major life disruptions, and responsibility over life and death decisions. Old enough to carry; old enough to vote. If that conclusion is unpalatable because minors seem too immature to vote, then perhaps they are too immature to be forced to carry a pregnancy and to give birth.