bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pilot Scale Wastewater Treatment Unit Using Fresnel Lens Solar Concentrator
Authors: Kommagoni Vinay , Devarakonda Sai Mahesh , Bhukya Jemima Bai , Vistarakula Manoj Kumar , Mishra Shilpa 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Many municipalities across the world confront a major problem with waste water treatment. However, Tier-1 and Tier-2 cities have good infrastructure to treat the wastewater, but most of the villages are still facing the problem, because of less resources, the untreated waste water is left to flow on the ground, while travelling it merges with the fresh water bodies, and results in surface and ground water pollution in nearby villages. The devlopment of a pilot size waste water treatment system that efficiently produces water by evaporation and condensation in conjunction with a Fresnel lens solar concentrator is discussed and analysed in this experimental investigation.. Solar radiation setup for waste water treatment consists of Fresnel lens which help in achieving the temperature up to 400oC and then wastewater is being converted into vapour form due to this solar radiation. The evaporated vapour condenses on the surface of the glass and collects in a collecting tank. When compared to a typical wastewater treatment plant, this environmental friendly and sustainable procedure removes organic and bacteriological contaminants from wastewater and, moreover, this chemical-free treatment converts wastewater into reusable form of water with less sludge. The main advantage of this treatment method is, simple to construct and no skilled manpower is required to operate it. Since solar radiation is used as a power source to achieve high temperature therefore, no external power source is required to operate this unit. Results indicate that strength of waste water is reduced by 87%, TDS reduced by 82% as compared to sewage water and Ca, Mg, N, P, Chlorides and Sulphates are reduced by 87%, 91%, 66%, 42%, 92% and 80% respectively. However, the main challenge of this method is low output, but can be improved by various techniques mentioned in the study.
Assessing the Impact of Floods Disaster on Soil Erosion Risk Based on the RUSLE-GloSEM Approach in Western Iran
Authors: Akbari Morteza , Neamatollahi Ehsan , Memarian Hadi , Noughani Mohammad Alizadeh 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Floods cause great damage to ecosystems and are among the main agents of soil erosion. Given the importance of soils for the functioning of ecosystems and development and improvement of bio-economic conditions, the risk and rate of soil erosion was assessed using the RUSLE model in Iran’s Lorestan province before and after a period of major floods in late 2018 and early 2019. Furthermore, soil erosion was calculated for current and future conditions based on the Global Soil Erosion Modeling Database (GloSEM). The results showed that agricultural development and land use change are the main causes of land degradation in the southern and central parts of the study area. The impact of floods was also significant since our evaluations showed that soil erosion increased from 4.12 t ha-1 yr-1 before the floods to 10.93 t ha-1 yr-1 afterwards. Field surveying using 64 ground control points determined that erodibility varies from 0.17 to 0.49% in the study area. Orchards, farms, rangelands and forests with moderate or low vegetation cover were the most vulnerable land uses to soil erosion. The GloSEM modeling results revealed that climate change is the main cause of change in the rate of soil erosion. Combined land use change-climate change simulation showed that soil erosion will increase considerably in the future under SSP1-RCP2.6, SSP2-RCP4.5, and SSP5-RCP8.5 scenarios. In the study area, both natural factors, i.e. climate change and human factors such as agricultural development, population growth, and overgrazing are the main drivers of soil erosion.
Serum Level and Tumor Tissue Expression of Ribonucleotide-Diphosphate Reductase Subunit M2 B: A Potential Biomarker for Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Mobarra Naser , Gholamalizadeh Hanieh , Abdulhussein Kaed A. , Asl Fatemeh Taheri , Mirvahabi Mobina Sadat , Raji Sara , Rafiee Mahdi , Pakzad Reza 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate whether serum level and tissue expression of Ribonucleotide-diphosphate Reductase subunit M2 B (RRM2B) could be recognized as reliable biomarkers for colorectal cancer (CRC) progression and metastasis.Methods and Results: This descriptive-analytic cohort study was conducted on 50 newly diagnosed CRC patients (stage II, III) and 50 healthy individuals. The new cases had not received any therapeutic intervention and underwent surgery immediately after the initial diagnosis. Tumorous tissues and marginal healthy tissues as control were excised to determine the mRNA tissue expression of RRM2B by Real-Time PCR. Serum RRM2B protein was measured using an ELISA method once in the control group and in the patients before, one, and three months after surgery. The tumor metastasis node (TMN) classification system and liver metastasis were evaluated in CRC patients. The mean RRM2B gene expression in tumor tissue was 51% lower than adjacent normal tissue (P < 0.001). We did not find a significant relationship between serum level of RRM2B and tumor staging and metastasis in patients before surgery (P = 0.373, P = 0.189), one month after surgery (P = 0.960, P = 0.088), and three months after surgery (P = 0.407, P = 0.724). RRM2B expression in tumor tissue was not associated with tumor staging and metastasis (P = 0.254, P = 0.721)Conclusion: Our study indicates the first time evidence that RRM2B may serve as a potential biomarker for CRC.
Adapting and Testing a Brief Intervention to Reduce Maternal Anxiety During Pregnancy (ACORN): Report of a Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: O’Mahen Heather A , Ramchandani Paul G , King Dorothy X , Lee-Carbon Leonie , Wilkinson Esther L , Thompson-Booth Chloe , Ericksen Jennifer , Milgrom Jeannette , Dunkley-Bent Jacqueline , Halligan Sarah L , Fearon Pasco 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background. We investigated the acceptability and feasibility of a new brief intervention for maternal prenatal anxiety within maternity services. Results. 114 pregnant women attending their 12-week scan at a prenatal clinic with elevated symptoms of anxiety (GAD-7 score of ≥ 7) were randomly assigned to either the ACORN intervention + Treatment as usual (TAU) (n=57) or to usual care only (n= 57). The ACORN intervention consisted of 3 group sessions, led by a midwife and psychological therapist, for women and their partners. The intervention included psychoeducation about anxiety, strategies for problem-sovling and tolerating uncertainty during pregnancy, including communicating about these with others, and mindfulness exercises. Engagement rates with ACORN met or exceeded those in primary care services in England. In the intervention arm, 77% (n= 44) of participants attended at least one session, 51% (n=29) were adherent, defined as attending two or more sessions. Feedback was positive, and women in the ACORN treatment group demonstrated some evidence of a larger drop in their levels of anxiety than the women in the TAU-only group (Cohen’s d = 0.42). Conclusion. The ACORN intervention was acceptable to women and their partners and resulted in reductions in anxiety. With further evaluation in a larger-scale trial with child outcomes, there is significant potential for large scale public health benefit.
Degradation of Oxytetracycline By Magnetic MOFs Heterojunction Photocatalyst With Persulfate : High Stability And Wide Range
Authors: Zhang Zhuo , Du Chunyan , Zhang Yin , Yu Guanlong , Xiong Ying , Zhou Lu , Liu Yuanyuan , Chi Tianying , Wang Guoliang , Su Yihai , Lv Yinchu , Zhu Hao 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Photocatalysis/Persulfate is an effective method of degrading organic pollutants. In this study, Fe3O4/MIL-101(Fe), a magnetic heterojunction photocatalyst, was produced by hydrothermal method. The material exhibited excellent removal efficiency for OTC in the coupling of persulfate (87.1%, 1 h). And it has a wide range of applications, with good removal efficiency for OTC concentrations of 30 to 70 mg/L and pH values of 3 to 9. •SO4− and •OH played a major role in the OTC removal reaction and there was an Fe(III)/Fe(II) cycle during the reaction. With excellent stability and recoverability, the OTC removal efficiency decreased by only 4.29% after four cycles, and the Fe leaching did not exceed 0.035 mg/L per cycle. This has a significant implication for the removal of organic pollutants from water bodies.
Sero-Positivity of Japanese Encephalitis Virus in Equine Population of India Using IgG ELISA: Unraveling The Need for Vaccination
Authors: Kapdi Aarti , DHANZE HIMANI , Sahu Anamika , Singh Vijayata , Kumar M. Suman , Bhilegaonkar K.N. , Gulati B.R. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a mosquito borne flaviviral zoonoses, causing fatal disease in equines and humans. JE is endemic in most of the states of India with occurrence of human cases every year. The horses are not vaccinated against JE in India and thus they are at more risk of acquiring the disease. Due to non-availability of indigenously developed ELISA and high cost of imported kits, regular sero-surveillance is not being carried out to assess the true picture of JE virus in equine population of India. Therefore, a recombinant NS1 protein based indirect IgG ELISA was developed with the objective to assess the sero-positivity of JE virus in equine population of India. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of developed ELISA was 84.73 % and 86.70 %, respectively. The validation studies revealed good reproducibility of ELISA with kappa value ranging from 0.75 to 1 between the results of different laboratories. A total of 2069 horse serum samples were screened using the developed ELISA and 401 samples were positive for IgG against JEV with an overall sero-positivity of 19.38% in equine population of India. A sero-positivity of 25.90% and 12.22% was recorded in Himachal Pradesh and Jammu-Kashmir, both hill states of North zone of India for the first time, revealing the spread of virus to the non-endemic parts of the country. The high sero-positivity of JE virus recorded in equine population warrants the need for initiation of vaccination of horses in India to prevent the morbidity and mortality.
Complementary Feeding Practice by Maternal Employment Status in Eastern Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed Osman , Hawulte Behailu , Raru Temam Beshir , Hassen Tahir Ahmed , ROBA KEDIR TEJI 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Appropriate complementary feeding practice during the first two years of age prevents life cycle health problems that cannot be averted later in life. Appropriate complementary feeding practices are associated with various factors and the practice may vary between populations. This study aimed to investigate the complementary feeding practice among mothers with children aged 6-23 months by maternal employment status in eastern Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in Gemachis district from 10 July to August 2020, eastern Ethiopia. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to sample a total of 674 mothers. Data were collected by face-to-face interview and analyzed using STATA version 14.2. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with appropriate complementary feeding practice with 95 % CI or a P-value of less than 0.05.Results: Over all only 9.9% of all mothers were practicing appropriate complementary feeding, with 5.9% among employed and 11.9% unemployed mothers. After controlling for confounders, traveling to the workplace less than two hours (AOR= 5.9; 95% CI: 1.30, 16.14), giving birth at home (AOR= 0.08; 95% CI:0.01, 0.72, and having at least one ANC visit (AOR=6.5; 95% CI: 1.40, 25.7) were significantly associated with appropriate Complementary feeding practice among employed mothers while having children aged 9−23 months (AOR = 3.2; 95% CI: 1.3, 8.5), spending 17−24 hours on child care (AOR = 4.8; 95% CI: 1.6, 14.12], working 1-8 hours per day (AOR =0.17; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.63], and having at least one ANC visit (AOR = 7.6; 95% CI: 3.6, 14.01] were significantly associated with appropriate complementary feeding practice among unemployed mothers. Conclusion: The overall prevalence of appropriate complementary feeding practice was very low in this study area. There is a need to strengthen maternal health service utilization such as ANC and institutional delivery to improve complementary feeding practices. Further, considering adequate maternity leave and designing a subsidized alternative child care center is essential to improve the complementary feeding practice for employed mothers.
Independent Associations Between Blood Lipid Profiles and Lung Cancer Risk
Authors: Zhao Chao , Zhao Hui , Li Shuhai , Tian Hui 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Dyslipidemia is a common intermediate aggravating factor of various cancers, but the relationship between blood lipid profiles and lung cancer remains unclear. This study was performed to assess the non-linear and linear relationships between them.Material and methods: We enrolled 1593 newly diagnosed lung cancer patients and 1593 age- and sex-matched healthy controls between 2017 and 2019. Biochemical indicators, including lipid profiles and tumor markers, were collected. Odds ratios and 95% conﬁdence intervals were calculated using conditional logistic regression analysis. The restricted cubic spline analysis and multiple linear regression were used to explore the non-linear and linear associations.Results: Lung cancer patients had lower values for total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). After multivariate adjustment, hyper-TC and low-HDL-C were associated with lung cancer risk. In addition, non-linear relationships were identified between lung cancer risk and TC/HDL-C. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that triglycerides were signiﬁcantly associated with squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC). As well, HDL-C was signiﬁcantly associated with neuron-specific enolase (NSE), cytokeratin 19 fragments (CYFRA21-1), SCC, and tumor-associated antigen 125 (CA-125). Signiﬁcant linear trends were observed between increasing triglyceride quartiles and hyper-NSE/hyper-CYFRA21-1, and between increasing HDL-C quartiles and hyper-NSE/hyper-CYFRA21-1/hyper-CA-125. Conclusions: Lipid levels were significantly lower in lung cancer patients, and there were negative non-linear associations of TC and HDL-C with lung cancer risk. In addition, there were negative linear trends across TG and HDL-C quartiles for the risk of abnormal tumor markers among lung cancer patients.
Post-Operative Blood Pressure in 24 Hours and 3-Year Major Adverse Cardiac Events in Chinese Patients Undergoing PCI
Authors: Gan Lijun , Sun Dandan , Cheng Yuntao , Wang Deyang , Wang Fen , Wang Lin , Li Wei , Shen Dandan , Guo Daotong , Zhang Zonglei , Wang Haiyan , Li Jinli , Yang Yong , Liang Tao 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: There is no clear evidence for the target value of blood pressure control within 24 hours after Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Therefore, our study was designed to explore the relationship between blood pressure within 24 hours after PCI and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) during 3-year follow-up. Methods: This study is a prospective study. The study initially collected information of 552 patients. The start and end times of the study are from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2020. The independent variables of this study are the average systolic blood pressure and the average diastolic blood pressure within 24 hours after PCI. The dependent variable is the occurrence of MACE events in patients within 3 years after PCI. Results: A total of 514 subjects met the inclusion criteria. The average age of the study subjects is 61.92 ± 9.49 years old, of which 67.12% are male. 94 subjects had a MACE event within 3 years, and the occurrence rate was 18.29%. There is no significant non-linear or linear relationship between diastolic blood pressure and MACE events. There is a curvilinear relationship between the average systolic blood pressure within 24 hours of patients after PCI and MACE events within 3 years and the inflection point is 134. On the left side of the inflection point, the effect size and 95% CI are 1.22 and 1.04-1.43, respectively (P=0.017). The impact size and 95% CI at the right inflection point were 0.96 and 0.83-1.11, respectively (P=0.604). Conclusion: There is a non-linear relationship between systolic blood pressure and the occurrence of MACE events in 3 years, and its inflection point is 134mmHg. In the case of ensuring patient safety, we should control the patient's systolic blood pressure within 24 hours after surgery.
Congress of neurological surgeons systematic review and evidence-based guidelines update on the role of cytoreductive surgery in the management of progressive glioblastoma in adults
Authors: Patrick Hayes H. , Sherman Jonathan H , Elder Bradley , Olson Jeffrey 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Question: In patients with previously diagnosed glioblastoma who are suspected of experiencing progression, does repeat cytoreductive surgery improve progression free survival or overall survival compared to alternative interventions?Target population: These recommendations apply to adults with previously diagnosed glioblastoma who are suspected of experiencing progression of the neoplastic process and are amenable to surgical resection.Recommendation:Level II: Repeat cytoreductive surgery is recommended in progressive glioblastoma patients to improve overall survival.
Synthesis, Biological evaluation, Quantum Chemical Calculations, Molecular Docking and Effect of High Energetic Gamma Irradiation on Cu(I, II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) Complexes.
Authors: Elganzory Hussein 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Novel complexes of Cu(I,II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) of thiosemicarbazide ligand (H2LB) have been prepared and characterized. The results confirmed that gamma ray enhanced the stability of irradiated compounds as compared to non-irradiated . XRD patterns proved that increasing the crystallinity of particles in nano range after gamma irradiation. Data obtained indicated that the Cu(I) and Cd(II) ions coordinated to the ligand through the (C=O), N(2)H and (C=S), (neutral tridentate ligand). While, Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes the ligand behaves as neutral tetradentate and coordination take place via (C=O) and two N(2)H . These studies revealed that, two kinds of stereochemical geometries; Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes were predicted to be octahedral, Cu(I) and Cd(II) complexes were found to be tetrahedral. The theoretical conformational structure analyses were performed using DFT at B3LYP functional with 6‐31G(++)d,p basis set for ligand and LANL2DZ basis set for complexes. The inhibitory effect on the growth against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria of prepared complexes have been tested. Results suggested that 1μg/ml and 5µg/ml for Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes have higher activity than other complexes. The chelation could facilitate the ability to cross the cell membrane of E. coli. Molecular docking investigation proved that; the Zn(II) complex has interesting interactions with active site amino acids of topoisomerase II DNA gyrase enzymes (code: 2XCT).
Applying WHO COVID-19 Workforce Estimate Tools Remotely in an African Context: A Case Report From Mali and Kenya
Authors: McQuide Pamela A. , Finnegan Amy , Terry Katherine M , Brown Andrew Nelson , Toure Cheick Oumar , Tessougue Jeanne , Cisse Ibrahim , Thuku Mathew Kariuki , Muriuki Janet , Ochola Mary , Ogato Julius , Coulibaly Etienne , Togora Toure Djeneba 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has increased the burden on health systems, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where health systems already struggle. To meet health workforce planning needs during the pandemic, IntraHealth International used two tools created by the World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for Europe. The Health Workforce Estimator (HWFE) allows the estimation of the quantity of health workers needed to treat patients during a surge, and the Adaptt Surge Planning Support Tool helps to predict the timing of a surge in cases and the number of health workers and beds needed for predicted caseload. These tools were adapted to fit the African context in a rapid implementation over five weeks in one region in Mali and one region in Kenya with the objective to test the feasibility of adapting these tools, which use a Workload Indicators of Staffing Need (WISN)-inspired human resources management methodology, to obtain daily and surge projections of COVID-19 human resources for health needs.Case presentationUsing a remote team in the US and in-country teams in Mali and Kenya, IntraHealth enacted a phased plan to gather stakeholder support, collect data related to health systems and COVID-19 cases, populate data into the tools, verify modeled results with results on the ground, enact policy measures to meet projected needs, and conduct national training workshops for the ministries of health.ConclusionsThis phased implementation in Mali and Kenya demonstrated that the WISN approach applied to the Health Workforce Estimator and Adaptt tools can be readily adapted to the local context for African countries to rapidly estimate the number of health workers and beds needed to respond to the predicted COVID-19 pandemic caseload. The results may also be used to give a proxy estimate for needed health supplies—e.g., oxygen, medications, and ventilators. Challenges included accurate and timely data collection and updating data. The success of the pilot can be attributed to the adapted WHO tools, the team composition in both countries, access to human resources data, and early support of the ministries of health, with the expectation that this methodology can be applied to other country contexts.