bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What lies underneath: Precise classification of brain states using time-dependent topological structure of dynamics
Authors: Soler-Toscano Fernando , Galadí Javier , Escrichs Anira , Sanz-Perl Yonatan , López-González Ane , Sitt Jacobo , Annen Jitka , Gosseries Olivia , Thibaut Aurore , Panda Rajanikant , Esteban Francisco J. , Laureys Steven , Kringelbach Morten , Langa José A. , Deco Gustavo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The self-organising global dynamics underlying brain states emerge from complex recursive nonlinear interactions between interconnected brain regions. Until now, all efforts of capturing the causal mechanistic generating principles have proven elusive, since they have been unable to describe the non-stationarity of brain dynamics, i.e. time-dependent changes. Here, we present a novel framework able to characterise brain states with high specificity, precisely by modelling the time-dependent dynamics. Through describing the topological structure of the brain at each moment in time (its ‘information structure’), we are able to classify different brain states by using the statistics across time of these exact ‘information structures’ hitherto hidden in the neuroimaging dynamics. Proving the strong potential of this framework, we were able to classify the neuroimaging data from two classes of comatose patients (minimally conscious state and unresponsive wakefulness syndrome) compared with healthy controls with very high precision.
The m6A reader IGF2BP3 Facilitates Gastric Cancer Progression Through Activating EMT via Upregulating MYC mRNA Stability
Authors: Ren Yiyi , Du Dandan , Liu Tong , Wang Chuntao , Yan Qinyu , Li Chengyun , Wang Xinghua , Yang Sheng , Kong Lu , Liang Geyu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation plays an important biological role in cancer progression. Even so, the role of m6A modification in gastric cancer (GC) still needs further research. Methods: Firstly, based on the bioinformatics databases and human GC tissues analysis. Secondly, the IGF2BP3 expression in GC cells was measured by the quantificational real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western Blot. Then, the IGF2BP3 knockdown stable cells model was successfully constructed with the specific lentivirus-mediated short-hairpin RNA to explore the functions and mechanism of IGF2BP3 in GC. Next, the functions of IGF2BP3 on the cell phenotypes, including proliferation, invasion, migration, and Epithelial-mesenchymal transition process were clarified by the Cell Counting Kit-8, transwell, and WB experiments. Subsequently, RNA Immunoprecipitation analysis and mRNA stability experiments were used to verify the relationship between IGF2BP3 and MYC. Finally, in the rescue experiment, MYC was overexpressed and transfected into IGF2BP3 knockdown cells to further detect the influences on the cell phenotypes and the EMT process.Results: IGF2BP3 was up-regulated in GC. Meanwhile, IGF2BP3 had diagnostic and prognosis values for GC. Functionally, knockdown IGF2BP3 repressed gastric cancer cells proliferation, migration invasion and EMT process. Mechanically, IGF2BP3 activated the EMT process by improving the expression of MYC via combining with MYC mRNA and promoting its stability. Conclusions: Taken together, IGF2BP3 could activate the EMT process via increasing the MYC mRNA stability and expression to promote GC development, which provided insight into promising early diagnose and treatment for gastric cancer.
Treatment of Severe Bone Destruction in L5-S1 Spinal Tuberculosis With Anterior Combined Posterior Approach
Authors: Xue Jing , Li Tao , Song Yueming , Liu Hao , Liu Limin , Gong Quan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: There are many studies on the surgical treatment of lumbosacral tuberculosis, but both the anterior and posterior approaches present some shortcomings. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of anterior debridement and bone graft, posterior fixation and fusion with navigation for L5-S1 tuberculosis with severe bone destruction. Methods: This was a retrospective study of 24 patients with severe tuberculosis in L5-S1 who underwent anterior interbody arthrodesis and posterior pedicle screw internal fixation by open approach under computer navigation between February 2011 and Novenmber 2016. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR), C-reactive protein level(CRP),visual analogue scale(VAS), and lumbosacral angle were compared between before surgery, after surgery, and at the final follow-up. The fusion status of bone graft was evaluated with computed tomography(CT).Results: The mean operation time was 244.58 minutes. The mean intraoperative blood loss was 413.75ml. The accuracy of screw placement was 96.43%. The mean follow-up period was 26.17 months. The average ESR, CRP, VAS, and lumbosacral angles were 65.96 mm/h, 52.93 mg/L, 4.96 points ,and 107.94°, respectively,at preoperative, 34.17 mm/h, 16.47 mg/L, 1.58 points, and 116.12°, respectively, after surgery, and 14.08 mm/h, 6.20 mg/L, 0.58 points, and 115.97°, respectively, at the final follow-up period. The differences of ESR, CRP, VAS are statistically significant (p < 0.05). The difference of lumbosacral angles before and after surgery is statistically significant (p < 0.05)，but there is no statistically significant difference between after surgery and the final follow-up period (p＞0.05). Nine patients with ASIA Grade D before surgery returned to Grade E by the final follow-up period. All patients achieved bone fusion.There was no recurrence of the disease. Conclusions: Anterior debridement and bone graft fusion combined with navigated posterior pedicle screw fixation is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with severe bone destruction in L5-S1 spinal tuberculosis.
Human Papillomavirus Prevalence and Genotype Distribution Landscapes in Shannan City, Tibet Tibetan Autonomous Region, China
Authors: Feng Dilu , Wei Sitian , Chen Jun , Yu Zhicheng , Wang Hongbo , Zhu Xiaowu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background:
Data regarding human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and genotype distribution are limited in Shannan City, Tibet Tibetan Autonomous Region, China. The purpose of this study is to provide reliable data for guiding women in Shannan City in cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccine innoculation.
Methods:
HPV testing was performed on women aged 16 to 109 years (mean age 44.03 ± 9.25 years) from Shannan City in 2019 and 2020, which was implemented technically by gynecological examination, vaginal discharge smear microscopy, cytology, and HPV detection. The overall prevalence, age-specific prevalence, and genotype distribution were analyzed.
Results:
A total of 48,126 women received HPV testing, of which 3,929 were detected human papillomavirus. The HPV-positive rate was 8.16% (3,929/48,126), and the highest prevalence was in the ≤ 25-year-old age group (12.68%). After the age of 25, the prevalence rate decreased rapidly, and then slowly increased from 7.49% in the 46-55 age group to 9.82% in the ≥ 66 age group, showing a “U-shaped” pattern. The positive prevalence of HPV 16 or 18-only was 1.43%, that of other HPV genotypes except HPV 16 or 18 was 6.39%, and mixed HPV infections including HPV 16 or 18 was 0.34%.
Conclusions:
The HPV infection rate in Shannan city is rather low, and the age-specific prevalence of HPV infection presents a “U” curve, suggesting the importance of screening among younger women and the necessity of detection among older women.
Towards Understanding the Risks of Gradient Inversion in Federated Learning
Authors: Hatamizadeh Ali , Yin Hongxu , Molchanov Pavlo , Myronenko Andriy , Li Wenqi , Dogra Prerna , Feng Andrew , Flores Mona , Kautz Jan , Xu Daguang , Roth Holger 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Federated learning (FL) allows the collaborative training of AI models without needing to share raw data. This capability makes it especially interesting for healthcare applications where patient and data privacy is of utmost concern. However, recent works on the inversion of deep neural networks from model gradients raised concerns about the security of FL in preventing the leakage of training data. In this work, we show that these attacks presented in the literature are impractical in real FL use-cases and provide a new baseline attack that works for more realistic scenarios where the clients’ training involves updating the Batch Normalization (BN) statistics. Furthermore, we present new ways to measure and visualize potential data leakage in FL. Our work is a step towards establishing reproducible methods of measuring data leakage in FL and could help determine the optimal tradeoffs between privacy-preserving techniques, such as differential privacy, and model accuracy based on quantifiable metrics.
Spatial Distribution Analysis of Community Radio Stations For Promoting Climate Change Adaptation Measures in Agriculture Under COVID-19 Scenario, Southern Province, Zambia
Authors: Somanje Albert , Mwansa Lauraine , Chisanga Kafula 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Community Radio Stations (CRS) play an important role in information dissemination at local and context specific levels. This study analyzes the spatial distribution of the CRS and their role in promoting sustainable in agriculture in times of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). The study's methodological approach included geospatial mapping of CRS in Arc GIS 10.3, surveys and interviews with key informants (n=39). In addition, the data was analyzed using SPSS 28.0 for frequency and descriptive analysis and excel for graphical outputs. The study finds 19 CRS in 13 districts and their radii completely cover the Southern Province of Zambia. Out of the time allocated to agricultural programs, an average of 47% is on climate change adaptation measures in local languages. However, the CRS have limited access to experts to provide information and programs sponsorship. This study has established that CRS have potential in disseminating climate change adaptation measures. Sixty-nine percent (69%) of the CRS noticed an increase in demand for agricultural programs during the COVID-19 era, with the rapid growth of CRS. The study recommends stakeholders collaboration to provide appropriate information to enhance the climate agricultural programmes on CRS and address challenges of limited access to experts and associated costs.
Casimir Forces Out of Thermal Equilibrium Near A Superconducting Transition
Authors: Castillo-López Shunashi Guadalupe , Esquivel-Sir Raúl , Pirruccio Giuseppe , Villarreal Carlos 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We present a comprehensive analysis of the out-of-equilibrium Casimir pressure between two high-T c superconducting plates, each kept at a different temperature. Two interaction regimes can be distinguished. While the zero-point energy dominates in the near field, thermal effects become important at large interplate separations causing a drop in the force’s magnitude compared with the usual thermal-equilibrium case. Our detailed calculations highlight the competing role played by propagating and evanescent modes. Moreover, as one of the plates undergoes the superconducting transition, we predict a sudden discontinuity in the force for any plate distance, which has not been previously observed in other systems. The sensitivity of the dielectric function of the high-T c superconductors makes them ideal systems for a possible direct measurement of the out-of-equilibrium Casimir pressure.
Investigation On Mechanism of Ultrasonic Welding AZ31B / 5052 Joint With Laser Texturing On Mental Surface
Authors: Wang Cailing , Xing Yanfeng , Hu Jingyao , Luo Junding , Zeng Sheng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The ultrasonic welding was carried out to improve the quality of dissimilar Al/Mg alloys joint. The effects of laser texturing on the microstructure and mechanism of AZ31B/5052 joint connected by ultrasonic welding were also investigated. A series of laser texturing experiments on Al alloy (5052) and Mg alloy (AZ31B) were performed to determine the process parameters and their ef-fect on ultrasonic weld quality, especially on weld strength. Little effect was attained by opti-mizing welding parameters in improving mechanical properties. Both welding parameters and different texture pattern were investigated to obtain good weld quality. The connection mecha-nisms of joints were discussed based on the analysis of weld interface morphology, microstruc-ture evolution. Mechanical analysis of particle and movement of material atoms were analyzed in the study to explain the connect mechanism. The results show that the better lock-interface and lager lap shear strength were attained by laser texture addition and optimal welding parameters. Compared with the untextured joint, swirling bonding interface was obtained after the laser tex-ture. The laser texture with grid pattern was found to raise the strength up to 26% higher maxi-mum tensile-shear load than the joints obtained with the untextured surface.
Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Bacterial Taxonomic and Functional Profiles in Estuarine Intertidal Soils of China Coastal Zone
Authors: Zhang Zongxiao , Han Ping , Zheng Yanling , Jiao Shuo , Dong Hongpo , Liang Xia , Gao Dengzhou , Niu Yuhui , Yin Guoyu , Liu Min , Hou Lijun 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Estuarine intertidal wetlands pertain to habitats with high productivity on Earth. Bacteria in estuarine intertidal soils regulate carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) cycles. To gain insights into the ecological and metabolic modes possessed by bacteria in estuarine intertidal wetlands, we explored the spatial and seasonal variations of bacterial taxonomic composition, assembly processes, and ecological system functions in surface soils from China’s estuarine intertidal flats through shotgun metagenomic and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Obvious spatiotemporal dynamic patterns in the bacterial community structure were identified, with more pronounced seasonal rather than spatial variations. Dispersion limitation was observed to act as a critical factor affecting community assembly, explaining approximately half of the total variation in bacterial community. Functional bacterial community structure exhibited a more significant latitudinal change than seasonal variability, highlighting that functional stability of the bacterial communities differed with their taxonomic variability. Identification of biogeochemically related links between C, N and S cycles in the soils showed the adaptive routed metabolism of the bacterial communities and the strong interactions between coupled metabolic pathways. Our study broadens the insights into the taxonomic and functional profiles of bacteria in China’s estuarine intertidal soils from various latitudes and helps us understand the effects exerted by environmental factors or climate-related variations on the ecological health and microbial diversity of estuarine intertidal flats.
Sequential Damage Assessment of the Posterolateral Complex of the Knee Joint: A Finite Element Study
Authors: Wu Cong-Cong , Ye Li-Mei , Li Xiao-fei , Shi Lin-Jun 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background.

The posterolateral complex (PLC), which consists of the popliteus tendon (PT), lateral collateral ligament (LCL), and popliteofibular ligament (PFL), is an indispensable structure of the knee joint. The aim of this study was to explore the functionality of the PLC by determining the specific role of each component in maintaining posterolateral knee stability.
Methods.

A finite element (FE) model was generated based on previous material property data and magnetic resonance imaging of a volunteer’s knee joint. The injury order of the PLC was set as LCL, PFL, and PT. A 134 N anterior load was applied to the tibia to investigate tibial displacement (TD). Tibial external rotation (TER) and tibial varus angulation (TVA) were measured under bending motions of 5 and 10 Nm. The instantaneous axis of rotation (IAR) of the knee joint under different rotation motions was also recorded.
Results.

The TD of the intact knee under a 134 N anterior load matched the values determined in previous studies. Our model showed consistent increases in TD, TVA, and TER after sequential damage of the PLC. In addition, sequential disruption caused the IAR to shift superiorly and laterally during varus rotation, and medially and anteriorly during external rotation. In the dynamic damage of the PLC, LCL injury had the largest effect on TD, TVA, TER, and IAR.
Conclusions.

Sequential injury of the PLC caused considerable loss of stability of the knee joint according to an FE model. The most significant structure of the PLC was the LCL.
Heterogeneity in Subnational Mortality in The Context of The COVID-19 Pandemic: The Case of Belgian Districts
Authors: Schlüter Benjamin-Samuel , Masquelier Bruno , Camarda Carlo Giovanni 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused major shocks in mortality trends in many countries. Yet few studies have evaluated the heterogeneity of the mortality shock at the sub-national level, rigorously accounting for the different sources of uncertainty.Methods: Using death registration data from Belgium, we first assess the change in the heterogeneity of subnational standardized mortality ratios in 2020, when compared to previous years. We then measure the shock of the pandemic using district-level values of life expectancy, comparing the observed and projected districts life expectancy, accounting for all sources of uncertainty (related to the life-table construction at district level and to the projection methods at country and district level). The Bayesian modelling approach makes it easy to combine the different sources of uncertainty in the assessment of the shock. This is of particular interest at a finer geographical scale characterized by high stochastic variation in annual death counts.Results: The heterogeneity in the impact of the pandemic on all-cause mortality across districts is substantial, with some districts barely showing any impact whereas the Bruxelles-Capital and Mons districts experienced a decrease in life expectancy at birth of 2.24 (95% CI:1.33-3.05) and 2.10 (95% CI:0.86-3.30) years, respectively. The year 2020 was associated with an increase in mortality levels ' heterogeneity at a subnational level in comparison to past years measured by both the standardized mortality ratios and the life expectancies at birth. Decisions on uncertainty thresholds have a large bearing on the interpretation of the results.Conclusion: Developing sub-national mortality estimates with their uncertainty is key to understanding why certain areas have been hard hit in comparison to others.
Endometriosis Does not Seem to Be an Influencing Factor of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy in IVF / ICSI Cycles
Authors: Lee Pingyin , Zhou Canquan , Li Yubin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
IntroductionTo evaluate whether the incidence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) in pregnant women was related to endometriosis (EM), ovulation and embryo vitrification technology. MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted on the clinical data of 3674 women who were treated with IVF / ICSI in the Reproductive Medicine Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University and maintained clinical pregnancy for more than 20 weeks. All pregnancies were followed up until the end of pregnancy. The follow-up consisted of recording the course of pregnancy, pregnancy complications, and basic situation of newborns.ResultsCompared with NC-FET without EM, HRT-FET without EM was found to have a higher incidence of HDP during pregnancy (2.7% V.S. 6.1%, P<0.001); however, no significant difference was found in the incidence of HDP between NC-FET and HRT-FET combined with EM (4.0% V.S. 5.7%, P>0.05). In total frozen-thawed embryo transfer (total-FET), the incidence of HDP in the HRT cycle without ovulation (HRT-FET) was observed to be higher than that in the NC cycle with ovulation (NC-FET) (2.8% V.S. 6.1%, P<0.001). In patients with EM, no significant difference was found in the incidence of HDP between fresh ET and NC-FET (1.2% V.S. 4.0%, P>0.05). ConclusionEM does not seem to have an effect on the occurrence of HDP in assisted reproductive technology. During the FET cycle, the formation of the corpus luteum may play a protective role in the occurrence and development of HDP. Potential damage to the embryo caused by cryopreservation seems to have no effect on the occurrence of HDP.
Genomic analyses identify biological processes of pancreatic cancer after radiotherapy
Authors: Li Jing , Zhang Wei , Liu Guangqi , Gu Hanming 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Radiotherapy is a crucial component in the treatment of pancreatic cancer such as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, the key molecules and mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, our objective is to identify the significant molecules and potential signaling pathways in the processes of PDAC after radiotherapy by analyzing the RNA sequence. The GSE185311 dataset was created by using the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 (Homo sapiens). The KEGG and GO analyses indicated that "apoptosis", "TNF signaling", and "NF-κB signaling" are the main functional processes during radiotherapy. Moreover, we determined numerous genes including FDXR, DDB2, LY6H, ZMAT3, GPR174, LYNX1, CD300C, SPATA18, HLA-DQB1, and CEND1 by using the String and PPI network. Thus, our study may guide the clinical work on the treatment of PDAC through radiotherapy.
Bridging the Gap in Learning Differences Among Biology Students Using 4 Mode Application Techniques
Authors: Obiajulu Queendaline Ibenegbu , Ugwu Chidinma Blessing , Ibenegbu Christopher Ifeanyi , Muojekwu Helen Onyinye , Odionye Nonye , Ngwu Anthonia Ngozi , Ijeoma Okafor Blessing , Loretta Nwankwo Amaka , Aniaku Obiageli Loretta , Enebechi Regina Ijeamasi , Ugochi Chukwunta Regina 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study is on bridging the gap in learning differences among biology students using 4MAT Application Techniques. We carried out the study in Abakaliki, Nigeria. We adopted a quasi-experimental design for the study. We used 138 SS-II students from two schools. Two hypotheses were tested. We analyzed the data using descriptive statistics and Hierarchical Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The results showed that there was a significant main effect of instructional method on students' achievement in biology F (7, 121) = 12.654, p =.000, partial η2 =.39; there was no significant main effect of gender on students' achievement in biology F (1, 121) = 1.240, p =.268, partial η2 =.004. We highlighted the educational implications of the findings and the recommendations. We also made some limitations of the study and suggestions for further studies.