bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Petrographic and geochemical interpretations of source provenance and tectonic setting of the Lokoja Sandstone, Bida Basin, Nigeria
Authors: U. Ozulu G. , U. Okoro A. , O. Ndubueze V. 
Published: February 2021

The petrography and geochemistry of major and trace elements distribution pattern for the Lokoja Sandstones, Southern Bida Basin, Nigeria; were used to interpret their provenance, weathering conditions and paleotectonic setting. A total of seven (7) representative sandstone samples were selected for petrographic, heavy minerals and inorganic geochemical analyses; that is X- ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). Results of the petrographic analysis showed 52.14 % quartz, 39.29 % feldspar, 2.00 % rock fragments, 5.14 % matrix and cement fraction as well as 1.43 % unfilled voids. Results of major elements and oxides suggests intermediate to felsic source rocks while the dominance of Na-rich feldspar to the k-feldspar and high value of Fe2O3+MgO shows contribution from ferromagnesian minerals of mafic igneous source provenance and oceanic island arc region. Average concentrations of designated trace elements in the studied sandstones are low in concentrations. The lower concentrations of Cr, Co, and Ni and higher concentrations of Zr, Ba, and Sr suggest a felsic progenitor rock. But significantly high values of Ni (7.02 ppm), La/Co (7.99), and Ni/Co (3.28) as well as the low concentration value of Y, (3.23 ppm) suggests contributions from mafic source rocks. Low average ratios for La/Co, Th/Co, Th/Sc, Ni/Co, Cr/Ni, Cr/Sc, Cr/Th, Ni/Co, Cr/Ni, Cr/Th, Cr/Sc, Th/Sc, La/Co and Th/Co also suggest a felsic source provenance. An average CIA value of 78.04% is indicative of an intense recycling in the source area while an average MIA value of 56.13% suggests a moderate degree of weathering. The high clay matrix and feldspar content have been used to classify the sandstones as feldspathic greywackes deposited in dry arid climatic conditions under a basement uplifted tectonic setting.Â Â Â
Factor analyses of transformed geochemical compositional data of meme river stream sediment, Lokoja, north central Nigeria
Authors: C.S Ngozi-Chika , A. E. Olorunyomi , H. N. Echetema , O.I Ibrahim 
Published: February 2021

Geochemical mapping using stream sediments from MRDB, north-central, Nigeria was undertaken towards obtaining multivariate association patterns reflecting the presence of ore mineralization in Lokoja region. The area is underlain by Precambrian crystalline rocks within the Benin-Nigeria Shield and clastic sedimentary rocks of Bida Basin (one of Nigeria inland sedimentary basins). The basement crystalline rocks have been known as a source of ore minerals in Nigeria. The major lithological units are cut by the Meme river watershed which have deposited in their tributaries, large quantities of alluvial and eluvial deposits formed during an extensive period of weathering and surficial processes. The PC analysis was performed on clr-transformed of Meme sediment geochemical compositional data of selected ore forming elements in the hope of obtaining geochemical information that could elucidate on the inferred ore mineralization of the region. The eight PCs explain about 93% of the total variance. The positive and negative loadings of PCs indicated the presences of oxides, sulphides, REEs and gems mineralisation in the region. Further interrogation of Spearman correlation of ilr transformed data with respect to the PC loadings indicated Â well developed relationship between Sr and V (0.55), Mn and Pb (0.89), Mn and Ta (0.77), Mn and Nb (0.78), Nb vs Ta (0.98), Rb and Cr (0.59), In and As (0.64), Pb and Ga (0.78), Sb and Au (0.52), Ba and Cr (0.50). The elemental association suggests that they are either indicator of their own mineralization or are suitable pathfinders to pertinent minerals in Lokoja region. The negative correlation between Fe with other ore elements indicated that the Fe is from both proximal and dextral sources probably due to many Fe formations and mineralisation (goethite, haematiteÂ± siderite â€“ bearing sedimentary ironstone formations in the region). The high Spearman correlation coefficients between Mn, Nb and Ta inferred that these ore elements are from the proximal sources because they are reliable pathfinders to pertinent oxides mineralisation in the region. Inferred proximal mineralisation in the region include beryl, topaz, columbite, quartzofeldspathic and quartz veins with anomalous concentration of Au as well as industrial minerals which are artisanally mined in places for industrial purposes.Â
Stability analysis of a mathematical model for awareness initiatives on registration of persons in Kenya
Authors: N. Mwambia ANN , O. Okongo Mark , G. Njoroge Gladys 
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we discuss stability analysis of a mathematical model of awareness initiatives in registration of persons in Kenya. Using Ordinary Differential Equations, a mathematical model to compare the efficacy of print media, electronic media and word-of-mouth media in disseminating registration information is developed. Positivity and boundedness of solutions is established to ensure that the model is mathematically meaningful. The Basic Reproduction number R0 is derived using the Next Generation Matrix. We present both awareness free equilibrium and the maximum awareness equilibrium. Stability analysis of the model shows that Awareness free equilibrium is both locally and globally asymptotically stable when R0 < 1 hence no spread of awareness and unstable when R0 > 1 while MAE is locally asymptotically stable when R0 > 1 indicating spread of information in the population.Â Â
BSA binding affinity, free radical scavenging capacity and antibacterial activity of new Silver(I) complexes with Schiff base ligands
Authors: HoroziÄ‡ Emir , Å ljiviÄ‡ HusejnoviÄ‡ Maida , BajriÄ‡ Adem , IbiÅ¡eviÄ‡ Merima , KariÄ‡ Enida , DÅ¾ambiÄ‡ Amra , HusejnagiÄ‡ Darja , NurkoviÄ‡ Edita 
Published: February 2021

In this work, four silver(I) complexes with Schiff bases derived from ninhydrin and selected amino acids (methionine, histidine, cysteine, and phenylalanine) were synthesized. The aim of this study is to determine the potential biological activity of these complexes. FTIR and UV/VIS spectroscopy were used for structural characterization of the products. Antioxidant activity was examined in vitro using DPPH method. Antimicrobial screening was performed by diffusion technique on reference bacterial strains from the ATCC collection. Interaction with bovine serum albumin (BSA) was examined using UV/VIS spectroscopy. Based on the obtained spectral data, it is assumed that all Schiff bases coordinate the Ag(I) ion as a tridentate ONO donor ligand. The antioxidant activity of the synthesized compounds is extremely high, with a range of IC50 values of 0.023-0.06 mg/mL. Antimicrobial screening determined the inhibitory ability of almost all complexes for concentrations of 1 and 2 mg/mL, with zones of inhibition in the range of 9-19 mm. Examination of the interaction of BSA with Ag(I) complexes revealed the same change in the absorption maximum (hyperchromic shift) in the region of about 205 nm, which indicates that the interaction of BSA and the complex results in conformational changes of BSA.Â Â Â
Antibiotic susceptibility, plasmid isolation and curing of some foodborne pathogens
Authors: Daniel Ebakota , Osazee Osarueme , Olisaka Frances , Aibangbee Jocelyn , GALAU Panmwa , Osazee Joseph 
Published: February 2021

The indiscriminate use of antibiotics by individuals as well as in food production has been tagged one of the major reasons for the spread of antibiotic resistance in pathogens. Thus, there is a concern that foodborne bacteria may act as reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes when distributed in large doses with food.Â This study aimed at determining the antibiotic susceptibility, plasmid isolation and curing of foodborne bacteria isolated from ready to eat (RTE) foods and salads in eating centers at the Benson Idahosa University, Benin City. Isolates were Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus spp., Micrococcus sp. and Salmonella sp with S. aureus occurring most frequently. Total resistance to cefuroxime and augmentin as well as considerable resistance to ceftazidime and cefixime were observed in all isolates in antimicrobial susceptibility tests were done on Mueller-Hinton agar. Relative sensitivity to gentamicin, ofloxacin, nitrofurantoin and ciprofloxacin were observed. Plasmid profiling indicated that all isolates possess plasmids ranging from 100 bp to 1 kbp. Plasmid curing using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) improved the sensitivity of isolates to antibiotics they were previously sensitive to but most isolates remained resistance to ceftazidime, cefuroxime, cefixime, and augmentin. This study shows that foodborne bacteria can possess and possibly transfer persistent antibiotic resistance plasmids thus calling for more caution in the use of antibiotics in food production and reduced antibiotics abuse. Further research is currently ongoing to cure the isolates of all plasmids and to elucidate how these plasmids are being transferred.
Prevalence and knowledge of carpal tunnel syndrome among the dental practitioners; survey based study in Riyadh
Authors: Anfal AlAnazi Dr. , Lujain AlZahrani Dr. , Heba Alshammary Dr. , Nadeen AlMaghamsi Dr. , Saja Alobaidi Dr. , Shahzeb Ansari Dr. 
Published: February 2021

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is a common medical condition that results in numbness, pain and tingling in the arm and constitutes about 90% of neuropathy entrapments. The condition arises when the median nerve in the arm is compressed. CTS can degenerate rapidly to cause nerve damage. The effects of CTS on medical practitioners can be serious given the speculation that the condition is work-related. Consequently, this study seeks to establish the prevalence and knowledge of CTS among dental practitioners in the city of Riyadh. In doing so, the research attempts to find relationships between CTS and workload and the experience of the dental practitioners. The study takes the model of sectional study that targets dental practitioners specifically in the city of Riyadh. The researchers recruited 190 dentists and used google forms to collect data from the respondents. The questions in the survey related to symptoms of the condition and the related demographics. The study found a significant comparison of the prevalence and knowledge of CTS among various subgroups. Daily patient exposure and work experience were some of the underlying features discovered in the study. Dentists with more work experience demonstrated significant knowledge on the condition and registered an equally high prevalence of pain associated with CST. The findings of the research show a direct correlation between workload, work experience, and CST.Â Â
Cloud security: risk factors and security issues in current trends
Authors: K.SAI MANOJ Dr. 
Published: February 2021

Now a days, cloud computing is an emerging and way of computing in computer science. Cloud computing is a set of resources and services that are offered by the network or internet. Cloud computing extends various computing techniques like grid computing, distributed compu-ting. Today cloud computing is used in both industrial, research and academic field. Cloud facilitates its users by providing virtual resources via internet. As the field of cloud computing is spreading the new techniques are developing. This increase in cloud computing environment also increases security challenges for cloud developers. Users of cloud save their data in the cloud hence the lack of security in cloud can lose the userâ€™s trust.In this paper we will discuss some of the cloud security issues in various aspects like multi-tenancy, elasticity, reliability, availability etc in various sectors, the paper also discuss existing security techniques and approaches for a secure cloud environment. This paper will enable researchers and professionals to know about different security threats and models and tools proposed.Â Â
Content-based prediction: big data sampling perspective
Authors: Albattah Waleed , Albahli Saleh 
Published: February 2021

Today, large volumes of data are actively generated on the order of terabytes or even petabytes. Hence, processing data on such a large scale in an efficient and effective manner is extremely challenging. However, existing research studies apply machine learning algorithms by loading the entire training dataset into the computerâ€™s main memory (RAM). This causes a problem as the data grows too big over time and canâ€™t be supported by most of the conventional models or hardware within a single machineâ€™s memory. Inspired by current research studies, this paper discusses the benefits of implementing two sampling techniques that could be used for machine learning models: (1) sampling with replacement and (2) reservoir sampling. In this study, 40 experiments were performed by reducing the number of data instances by 50% of the original data using random sampling of a video dataset that was more than 40 GB in size. Remark that accuracies of SVM and random forest are very competitive classifiers and give the importance score of all repeated ten rounds of the process for each of the four combinations of sampling techniques and machine learning classifiers.Â Â
Applying al-zughair transform on nuclear physics
Authors: A. Kuffi Emad , Hassan Mohammed  Mohammed Ali , Qassim Majde Ameer , Sabah Abbas Elaf 
Published: February 2021

Al-Zughair transform is a novel transformation that is proposed in (2017), and due to its novelty it has not been applied to engineering fields, however Al-Zughair transform is capable to solve differential equations, for that reason it can be applied into engineering applications that include differential equations. In nuclear physics the radioactive decay of the atoms is well study subject, where there are many methods that are used to deal with it, however Al-Zughair transform has never been used before in that field, in this paper the differential equation of radioactive decay has been solved using Al-Zughair transform.Â Â
Ore resource modelling of Ajabanoko iron ore deposit, Ajabanoko, Nigeria
Authors: Rasheed Adeshina Adebimpe , Jide Muili Akande 
Published: February 2021

Ore resource modelling is an essential aspect of mining operation. It is also a crucial pre-mining step required for a successful exploitation of mineral deposits. Ajabanoko iron ore resource model was developed and the ore reserve estimate carried out using inverse distance method as contained in Surpac 6.4.1 mine software. The total number of blocks used for the model is 54,475. Ore estimation result obtained from thirteen drill hole data indicates 38,313,595 tonnes of iron ore and density of 3.65 tonnes/m3. The average grade and total volume of the ore body is 36.36 % and 10,496,595 m3 respectively.Â Â
Effect of design parameters of dental implant on stress distribution: a finite element analysis
Authors: Rahmanivahid Pooyan , Heidari Milad 
Published: February 2021

Nowadays, root osseointegrated dental implants are used widely in dentistry mainly for replacement of the single missing tooth. The success rate of osseointegrated dental implants depends on different factors such as bone conditions; surgery insertion technique, loading history, and biomechanical interaction between jawbone and implant surface. In recent years, many studies have investigated design factors using finite element analysis with a concentration on major parameters such as diameter, pitch, and implant outlines in the distribution of stress in the bone-implant interface. There is still a need to understand the relationship and interaction of design factors individually with stress distribution to optimize implant structure. Therefore, the present study introduced a new dental implant and investigated the effect of design parameters on stress distribution. The finite element modeling was developed to facilitate the study with a comparison of design parameters. Boundary and loading conditions were implemented to simulate the natural situation of occlusal forces. Based on results, V-shape threads with maximum apex angle caused a high rate of micro-motion and high possibility of bone fracture. Low Von-Mises stress was associated with low bone growth stimulation. Besides, small fin threads did not integrate with cancellous bone and consequently lower stress accommodation. V-5 fin had no extraordinary performance in cancellous bone. Small surface areas of fins did not integrate with the surrounding bone and high-stress concentration occurred at the tail. These fins are recommended as threads replacement. It was concluded that the implant structure had less influence on stress distribution under horizontal loading.Â Â
Adaptive low-power CMOS LNA in internet of things based wireless sensor networks
Authors: Helali Abdelhamid , Ouni Feten , Nasri Mohsen , Maaref Hassen 
Published: February 2021

With the increasing need for the Internet of things (IoT), wireless communication has become a popular technology for the network. This explosion of IoT wireless applications makes the power consumption a key metric in the design of wireless sensor nodes. The major constraint of the wireless sensors nodes is battery energy, which is the mainly challenging problem in designing IoT network. these constraints have imposed new yet stringent specs to the design of RF front-ends. The design of adaptive radio-frequency circuits, in order to reduce power consumption, is of interest. In a RF receiver chain, the Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) stand as critical elements on the power consumption.To address this purpose, this paper proposes a design strategy for an adaptive Low Noise Amplifier as the first element of the receiver chain. Hence the proposed LNA achieves the correct QoS for various scenario of communications. Using the proposed LNA, a significant trade-off between a conversion gain, noise figure and energy consumption is presented.Â Â
Nuclear policy-nuclear fuels for peaceful, safer co-generation and environmentally benign applications
Authors: Mohd Fadzil Syazwani , Qureshi Shafi , Basu Sekhar , Kasturirangan K. , Kakodkar Anil , D. Badgujar Kushal , M. Duxit Prakash 
Published: February 2021

Here, safer nuclear fuels which can sustain in the high temperature and fluence environment of the reactor core are investigated to utilize nuclear energy peacefully. At Nuclear Fuel Complex in Hyderabad, nuclear fuels are being manufactured which are best suited for high temperature and fluence environment of the reactor core even in accidental scenarios. In this paper, nuclear fuels manufactured at NFC, Hyderabad are presented. The developed nuclear fuels have higher equivalent hydraulic diameter and breeding capability to produce U^233. Nuclear fuels having higher equivalent hydraulic diameter reduce the reactor core temperature substantially. These fuels have negative temperature coefficient of reactivity. Thus, in case of an accident, the fuel temperature never exceeds the safety limit. Therefore, the thermal heat available across the secondary of a heat exchanger can be utilized for different industrial processes. This allows the development of key technologies, such as safer co-generation of electricity and Hydrogen. The Three-Stage Indian Nuclear Power Program has been explained for nuclear disarmament. The product Hydrogen gas has been utilized in many ways for different applications. Moreover, the processing of iron ore with the energy obtained from the IHX secondary side, eliminates the burning of coals and CO2 emissions into the environment. Several radioisotopes have been developed for medical applications from spent fuel.Â Â
Review of wireless body sensor networks
Authors: Sulaiman Wali Sondous , Najm Abdullah Mohammed 
Published: February 2021

Wireless body area networks (WBANs) are emerging as important networks that are applicable in various fields. WBAN gives its users access to body sensor data and resources anywhere in the world with the help of the internet. These sensors offer promising applications in areas such as real-time health monitoring, interactive gaming, and consumer electronics. WBAN does not force the patient to stay in the hospital which saves a lot of physical movement. This paper reviews a review of WBANs. We study the following: prior researches, applications and architectures of WBAN, and compression sensing techniques.Â Â
Data analysis using representation theory and clustering algorithms
Authors: Alkhushayni Suboh , Choi Taeyoung , Alzaleq Du'a 
Published: February 2021

This work aims to expand the knowledge of the area of data analysis through persistence homology and representations of directed graphs. To be specific, we looked for how we can analyze homology cluster groups using agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering algorithms and methods. Additionally, the Wine data, which is offered in R studio, was analyzed using various cluster algorithms such as Hierarchical Clustering, K-Means Clustering, and PAM Clustering. The goal of the analysis was to find out which cluster's method is proper for a given numerical dataset. We tried to find the agglomerative hierarchical clustering method by testing the data that will be the optimal clustering algorithm among these three; K-Means, PAM, and Random Forest methods.Â By comparing each model's accuracy value with cultivar coefficients, we concluded that K-Means methods are the most helpful when working with numerical variables. On the other hand, PAM clustering and Gower with Random Forest are the most beneficial approaches when using categorical variables. These tests can determine the optimal number of clustering groups, given the data set, and by doing the proper analysis. Using those the project, we can apply our method to several industrial areas such that clinical, business, and others. For example, people can make different groups based on each patient who has a common disease, required therapy, and other things in the clinical society. Additionally, people can expect to get several clustered groups based on the marginal profit, marginal cost, or other economic indicators for the business area.
DiGeorge syndrome and immune thrombocytopenia purpura
Authors: Mohsin MRCP Amna , Shaheen MD MRCP Mahasin 
Published: February 2021

Digeorge Syndrome (22q11.2 deletion syndrome) comprises of various congenital anomalies such as cardiac defects, specific facial appearances, defective T cell production, hypocalcemia etc. This syndrome is also associated with various autoimmune diseases. Here we present a case report which shows association of Immune thrombocytopenia purpura with Digeorge Syndrome. A 15 years old boy born with congenital cardiac defects, diagnosed as 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, underwent corrective cardiac surgeries after birth. He developed thrombocytopenia at this age, requiring admission and platelet transfusions. His further work up confirmed Immune thrombocytopenic purpura and its presentation being related to the genetic disorder itself.Â Â Â