bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large Adaptive Optics Survey for Substellar Objects around Young, Nearby, Low-mass Stars with Robo-AO
Authors: Salama Maïssa , Ou James , Baranec Christoph , Liu Michael C. , Bowler Brendan P. , Barnes Paul , Bonnet Morgan , Chun Mark , Duev Dmitry A. , Goebel Sean , Hall Don , Jacobson Shane , Jensen-Clem Rebecca , Law Nicholas M. , Lockhart Charles , Riddle Reed , Situ Heather , Warmbier Eric , Zhang Zhoujian 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We present results from the Large Adaptive optics Survey for Substellar Objects, where the goal is to directly image new substellar companions (<70 M
Jup) at wide orbital separations (≳50 au) around young (≲300 Myr), nearby (<100 pc), low-mass (≈0.1–0.8

M

⊙

) stars. We report on 427 young stars imaged in the visible (i′) and near-infrared (J or H ) simultaneously with Robo-AO on the Kitt Peak 2.1 m telescope and later the Maunakea University of Hawaii 2.2 m telescope. To undertake the observations, we commissioned a new infrared camera for Robo-AO that uses a low-noise high-speed SAPHIRA avalanche photodiode detector. We detected 121 companion candidates around 111 stars, of which 62 companions are physically associated based on Gaia DR2 parallaxes and proper motions, another 45 require follow-up observations to confirm physical association, and 14 are background objects. The companion separations range from 2 to 1101 au and reach contrast ratios of 7.7 mag in the near-infrared compared to the primary. The majority of confirmed and pending candidates are stellar companions, with ∼5 being potentially substellar and requiring follow-up observations for confirmation. We also detected a 43 ± 9 M
Jup and an 81 ± 5 M
Jup companion that were previously reported. We found 34 of our targets have acceleration measurements detected using Hipparcos–Gaia proper motions. Of those,

58

−
14

+
12

% of the 12 stars with imaged companion candidates have significant accelerations (

χ

2

>
11.8

), while only

23

−
6

+
11

% of the remaining 22 stars with no detected companion have significant accelerations. The significance of the acceleration decreases with increasing companion separation. These young accelerating low-mass stars with companions will eventually yield dynamical masses with future orbit monitoring.
On the Feasibility of Informative Biosignature Measurements Using an Enceladus Plume Organic Analyzer
Authors: Mathies Richard A. , New James S. , Golozar Matin , Butterworth Anna L. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The icy moons of Saturn and Jupiter are high priority locations in which to search for biomarkers of life elsewhere in our solar system. In particular, the ice plumes that jet out through the ice surface at Enceladus provide an enticing opportunity to sample the organic components of its subsurface ocean for possible biosignatures while ameliorating challenges of planetary protection. Extensive high- and hypervelocity light gas gun experiments, the first to model the Enceladus ice plume encounter accurately, have demonstrated that organic-rich ice particles can be efficiently captured using plume transits at and below 3 km s−1 without significant organic destruction. Realistic scenarios for the amount of ice captured and for the ability of organic chemical analysis instruments, especially microfluidic capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence, to produce meaningful detection levels for biosignatures are then presented and compared with results from terrestrial models. This analysis indicates that an Enceladus plume fly-by mission carrying microfluidic instrumentation is capable of biosignature measurements with a sensitivity and analytical capability that is highly informative about the extent of extraterrestrial biological processes.
On Charon’s Far-ultraviolet Surface Reflectance
Authors: Keeney Brian A. , Parker Joel Wm. , Cunningham Nathaniel , Stern S. Alan , Verbiscer Anne J. ,   the New Horizons Team
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We present the first measurements of Charon’s far-ultraviolet (FUV) surface reflectance, obtained by the Alice spectrograph on New Horizons. We find no measurable flux shortward of 1650 Å, and Charon’s geometric albedo is <0.019 (3σ) at 1600 Å. From 1650 to 1725 Å, Charon’s geometric albedo increases to 0.166 ± 0.068 and remains nearly constant until 1850 Å. As this spectral shape is characteristic of H2O ice absorption, Charon is the first Kuiper Belt object with a H2O ice surface to be detected in the FUV. Charon’s geometric albedo is ∼3.7 times lower than Enceladus’s at these wavelengths but has a very similar spectral shape. We attribute this to similarities in their surface compositions and the difference in absolute reflectivity to a high concentration or more-absorbing contaminants on Charon’s surface. Finally, we find that Charon has different solar phase behavior in the FUV than Enceladus, Mimas, Tethys, and Dione, with a stronger opposition surge than Enceladus and a shallower decline at intermediate solar phase angles than any of these Saturnian satellites.
Life beneath the ice: jellyfish and ctenophores from the Ross Sea, Antarctica, with an image-based training set for machine learning
Authors: Verhaegen Gerlien , Cimoli Emiliano , Lindsay Dhugal 
Published: August 2021

Southern Ocean ecosystems are currently experiencing increased environmental changes and anthropogenic pressures, urging scientists to report on their biodiversity and biogeography. Two major taxonomically diverse and trophically important gelatinous zooplankton groups that have, however, stayed largely understudied until now are the cnidarian jellyfish and ctenophores. This data scarcity is predominantly due to many of these fragile, soft-bodied organisms being easily fragmented and/or destroyed with traditional net sampling methods. Progress in alternative survey methods including, for instance, optics-based methods is slowly starting to overcome these obstacles. As video annotation by human observers is both time-consuming and financially costly, machine-learning techniques should be developed for the analysis ofin situ/in aquaimage-based datasets. This requires taxonomically accurate training sets for correct species identification and the present paper is the first to provide such data.In this study, we twice conducted three week-longin situoptics-based surveys of jellyfish and ctenophores found under the ice in the McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. Our study constitutes the first optics-based survey of gelatinous zooplankton in the Ross Sea and the first study to usein situ / in aquaobservations to describe taxonomic and some trophic and behavioural characteristics of gelatinous zooplankton from the Southern Ocean. Despite the small geographic and temporal scales of our study, we provided new undescribed morphological traits for all observed gelatinous zooplankton species (eight cnidarian and four ctenophore species). Three ctenophores and one leptomedusa likely represent undescribed species. Furthermore, along with the photography and videography, we prepared a Common Objects in Context (COCO) dataset, so that this study is the first to provide a taxonomist-ratified image training set for future machine-learning algorithm development concerning Southern Ocean gelatinous zooplankton species.
De l’empathie biographique. Réel, fiction et imagination dans les « vies de peu »
Authors: Regard Frédéric 
Published: August 2021

Tant Emmanuel Carrère, avec D’autres vies que la mienne (2009), qu’Ivan Jablonka, avec Laëtitia ou la fin des hommes (2016) s’efforcèrent de sauver de l’invisibilité et de l’inaudibilité des « vies de peu ». Dans cette perspective, leurs récits choisirent d’adopter une stratégie particulière, l’em­pathie. Les deux auteurs eurent ainsi recours aux ressources de l’art narratif pour se projeter, par l’imagination, dans la vie des autres. Cet article se penche sur les techniques similaires mises en œuvre par Carrère et Jablonka, alors même qu’ils construisaient des images éthiques différentes d’eux-mêmes. Ou plutôt, des fictions d’eux-mêmes, enchâssées dans un réel en attente de recon­figuration.
La fabrique des corps dansants au XIX e siècle : le dispositif académique
Authors: Delattre-Destemberg Emmanuelle 
Published: August 2021

Si les enfants ont toujours dansé sur la scène académique au xviii e siècle, l’établissement d’une école de danse en vue de professionnaliser des enfants marque un tournant dans l’institutionnalisation de la danse en France. À partir de 1783, l’État royal puis impérial élabore un projet culturel visant à former des danseurs professionnels selon une technique et une esthétique : Pierre Gardel, principal artisan de la mise en place de l’École de danse entre 1799 et 1817, dote l’institution académique de règles, organise des classes et recrute des élèves. Mais ce que révèlent l’étude des archives administratives et celles de la pratique, c’est la mise en place d’un dispositif de fabrique des corps. Au sens où l’entend Michel Foucault, le dispositif de fabrique des corps des enfants danseurs se définit par un ensemble hétérogène comportant à la fois des discours, une institution, des règles à la fois comportementales, administratives, morales et répond donc à un projet politique et éthique. À partir d’un corpus de sources variées, il s’agira de montrer comment au xix e siècle l’Académie de musique cherche à fabriquer des corps à l’image de l’État et comment l’École de danse de l’Académie de musique constitue bien un outil de gouvernement politique des corps.
Auguste Vestris : la construction de l’image d’une célébrité de la danse au XIX e siècle
Authors: Jarrasse Bénédicte 
Published: August 2021

Auguste Vestris est, entre la fin du xviii e siècle et le début du xix e siècle, une figure emblématique d’un vedettariat artistique auquel accède alors une petite élite de danseurs. L’article s’intéresse au Vestris vieillissant et à la construction de l’image posthume du danseur. Il invite à réfléchir à la manière dont une « célébrité du jour » parvient à survivre à son statut éphémère de vedette, réputée pour sa virtuosité, et à s’instituer, sur la longue durée, en gloire de la danse. Le glissement s’opère d’abord par le biais d’une construction mythographique, qui tient à la puissance du nom, ainsi qu’au processus de transmission, qui inscrivent l’histoire individuelle de l’artiste dans une histoire familiale et chorégraphique amenée à se perpétuer à travers lui. L’enjeu de la réflexion est de mettre en lumière les tensions auxquelles se heurte la consécration du danseur dans une époque qui voit émerger le ballet romantique et en délaisse les talents au profit de la figure féminine, tout en nourrissant une fascination pour un xviiie siècle galant dont Vestris pourrait apparaître comme l’une des incarnations.
Le Ballet au XIX e siècle . Réflexions sur un numéro spécial de La Revue musicale (1921)
Authors: Laplace-Claverie Hélène 
Published: August 2021

Le 1 er décembre 1921, la prestigieuse Revue musicale consacre un numéro spécial à l’art de la danse. Intitulé Le Ballet au xix e siècle , ce numéro revendique la nécessité d’une mise en perspective historique, à l’heure où la scène chorégraphique internationale semble dominée par le désir de modernité. Toutefois, plusieurs contributions surprennent le lecteur dans la mesure où elles tendent à éluder le sujet qui donne son titre à cette livraison de La Revue musicale . Se pose dès lors la question de savoir quelle est la véritable finalité du numéro. S’agit-il d’ériger le ballet du xix e siècle en canon pour mieux lui rendre hommage ? Ou au contraire de critiquer les limites d’un modèle dépassé ? L’enjeu n’est-il pas plutôt, au-delà des aspects historiques et historiographiques, d’élaborer une réflexion de fond sur la nature d’une forme artistique toujours en quête de reconnaissance ?
Comparison of IOL Power Calculation Formulas for a Trifocal IOL in Eyes With High Myopia
Authors: Tan Qian , Lin Ding , Wang Li , Chen Bichao , Tang Qiongyan , Chen Xu , Chen Maosheng , Tan Jilin , Zhang Jingsong , Wu Lei , Zhu Xiaojun , Wang Yong 
Published: August 2021

PURPOSE:

To analyze the results of new intraocular lens (IOL) formulas (Emmetropia Verifying Optical [EVO], Kane, Olsen, and Barrett Universal II), traditional formulas (Haigis and SRK/T), and modified Wang-Koch axial length adjustment formulas with the SRK/T and Holladay 1 (SRK/T
modified-W/K
and H1
modified-W/K
) in Chinese patients with long eyes.

METHODS:
In this retrospective case series, patients with an axial length of 26 mm or greater having uneventful femtosecond laser–assisted cataract surgery with one trifocal IOL model were enrolled. The actual postoperative spherical equivalent of the manifest refraction was compared with the formula-predicted refraction based on the implanted IOL power. A subgroup analysis was performed based on the axial length.

RESULTS:

A total of 113 eyes was enrolled. Using User Group for Laser Interference Biometry constants, the modified Wang-Koch formulas had the lowest percentage of eyes with hyperopic outcomes. The Barrett Universal II, Olsen, Kane, and EVO 2.0 formulas produced a statistically lower median absolute error than the SRK/T
modified-W/K
and SRK/T formulas (
P
< .05). The Barrett Universal II formula produced higher percentages of eyes within ±0.50 diopters (D) of the prediction error than the SRK/T formula (
P
< .05). In eyes with axial lengths of less than 28 mm, there were no significant differences in the prediction accuracy of the eight formulas. In eyes with axial lengths of 28 mm or greater, the new IOL formulas yielded the lowest median absolute error, followed by the H1
modified-W/K
and Haigis formulas. The SRK/T
modified-W/K
formula had the highest mean absolute error and the lowest percentages of eyes within ±0.25 and ±0.50 D of endpoint. The traditional formulas yielded the highest risk of refractive surprise.

CONCLUSIONS:

All formulas achieved good results in eyes with axial lengths of less than 28 mm with trifocal IOL implanted. The newer formulas tend to produce better outcomes for eyes with high myopia. The SRK/T
modified-W/K
formula provided improved accuracy only in eyes with axial lengths of 30 mm or greater.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2021;37(8):538–544.]
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding COVID-19 for health-care providers in Arab countries
Authors: Al Shaibari Khaled Sadeq , Saghir Mohammed Ali , Al Hyfi Hyam Abdulkareem , Al Humidi Ameera Abdulwasa , Elnemr Muna Abdo 
Published: August 2021

Context:
The impact of COVID-19 on the Arab world has been particularly striking. Less well known are the knowledge, feelings, and behaviors of health care providers (HCPs) regarding COVID-19 in these countries, which has significant influence on the quality, timing, and effectiveness of the health-care response.

Aims:
We evaluated the knowledge, attitudes, and practice regarding COVID-19 for health-care providers in five Arab countries.

Settings and Design:
Using a descriptive, cross-sectional approach, knowledge concerning COVID-19 was assessed in health-care providers in Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Sudan, Egypt, and Jordan.

Materials and Methods:
Five hundred and one participants answered nine validated questions, and a cumulative knowledge score was tabulated for each participating HCP. Attitudes about COVID-19 were assessed with ten questions with categorical response choices “true,” “false,” and “no opinion” and were rated with cumulative scores on a scale of “strongly negative” to “strongly positive.” Clinical practices regarding COVID-19 were assessed with eight questions, with ratings of “weak,” “moderate,” and “strong” patterns of practice for COVID-19 screening and treatment.

Statistical Analysis Used:
SPSS software program version 26 was used for statistical analysis. Chi-square was used to study the relationship between different variables. The statistical significance level was set at P < 0.05.

Results:
The vast majority of respondents knew the transmission method of COVID-19, its primary symptoms, and the recommended isolation period; however, most did not know the distance recommended by the World Health Organization for physical distancing, and over a third believed that wearing multiple masks provided additional protection against viral exposure. Country of residence was predictive of COVID-19 attitudes and practices.

Conclusions:
Health-care providers have “fair” knowledge about COVID-19, but they are still in need for further orientation, in line with international standards for protection against COVID-19. Several demographic factors can predict attitudes and practices regarding COVID-19, which may have implications for treatment outcomes.
The theory of evidence-based practice among clinical teaching assistants at a college of nursing in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Rawas Hawazen Omar 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Evidence-based practice (EBP) is an integration of the research evidence with clinical expertise and the values of patients to assist the health profession in clinical decision-making. Recent studies indicate that education on EBP is considered a core component in the learning curricula for all health-care professions. In addition, it has been recommended to use a variety of teaching strategies to enhance EBP knowledge and skills.

Aims:
The aim of this study is to develop an explanatory theory to guide the process of EBP among clinical teaching assistants (CTAs) within the Saudi context that is characterized by a multicultural environment.

Setting and Design
This study used grounded theory approach by Strauss and Corbin (1990), and was conducted in a college of nursing, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Materials and Methods:
The study participants included 22 CTAs. Initially, three participants were conveniently sampled. As data collection and data analysis continued, sampling changed from conveniently to theoretical until data saturation was reached. The data collection was through in-depth interviews and was recorded with the permission of the participants.

Analysis:
The data were analyzed by following the coding in grounded theory, namely open, axial, and selective coding.

Results:
Twenty two CTAs participated in this study. The average age of participants was 46 years with average years of experience of 7.5 years. The theory that emerged from this study was the “theory of EBP among CTAs.” There were one core concept emerged from the study (confident to care) and four subconcepts (teamwork, forcing inquiry, EBP champions, and formal education).

Conclusion:
This study provided insight into the process of EBP among CTAs and provided a middle range theory for CTAs toward becoming confident in caring through adopting EBP approach to care.
Skills-Based Programs Used to Reduce Physician Burnout in Graduate Medical Education: A Systematic Review
Authors: Vasquez Taylor S. , Close Julia , Bylund Carma L. 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT

Background
Physician burnout is pervasive within graduate medical education (GME), yet programs designed to reduce it have not been systematically evaluated. Effective approaches to burnout, aimed at addressing the impact of prolonged stress, may differ from those needed to improve wellness.

Objective
We systematically reviewed the literature of existing educational programs aimed to reduce burnout in GME.

Methods
Following the PRISMA guidelines, we identified peer-reviewed publications on GME burnout reduction programs through October 2019. Titles and abstracts were reviewed for relevance, and full-text studies were acquired for analysis. Article quality was assessed using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI).

Results
A total of 3534 articles met the search criteria, and 24 studies were included in the final analysis. Article quality varied, with MERSQI assessment scores varying between 8.5 and 14. Evaluation was based on participant scores on burnout reduction scales. Eleven produced significant results pertaining to burnout, 10 of which yielded a decrease in burnout. Curricula to reduce burnout among GME trainees varies. Content taught most frequently included stress management (n = 8), burnout reduction (n = 7), resilience (n = 7), and general wellness (n = 7). The most frequent pedagogical methods were discussion groups (n = 14), didactic sessions (n = 13), and small groups (n = 11). Most programs occurred during residents' protected education time.

Conclusions
There is not a consistent pattern of successful or unsuccessful programs. Further randomized controlled trials within GME are necessary to draw conclusions on which components most effectively reduce burnout.
MALZEME AKIŞ MALİYET MUHASEBESİNİN TARIM MAKİNELERİ İŞLETMESİNDE UYGULANMASI
Authors: BÜYÜKARIKAN Ulukan 
Published: August 2021

Klasik maliyet muhasebesi yöntemlerinin işletme faaliyetlerinden oluşan çevresel maliyetleri ve bunların etkilerinin göz ardı etmesiyle, çevre yönetim muhasebesi yöntemleri gelişmiştir. Bu yöntemlerden biri olan malzeme akış maliyet muhasebesi (MAMM) üretim işletmelerinde malzeme, enerji ve veri akışlarını baştan sona eko-verimlilik fırsatlarına göre yapılandırmaktadır. MAMM malzeme ve enerji verimliliğini artırarak ekonomik ve ekolojik hedefleri bütünleştirmektedir. Yöntem 1980’li yıllarda Almanya’da ortaya çıkmış olup, 2000’li yıllarla birlikte Japonya’daki üretim işletmelerinde yaygın olarak kullanılmaya başlanmıştır.
MAMM malzeme ve enerji akışlarını fiziksel ve ekonomik açıdan görselleştirerek işletmenin finansal tablolarına ek olarak kritik alanlara işaret eden göstergeler sunmaktadır ve yönetsel karar verme ve problem çözme sürecinde kullanmak mümkündür. Çalışmada klasik maliyet muhasebesi uygulayan bir tarım makineleri işletmesinde, MAMM’ın üretim sürecindeki malzeme ve enerji kaynaklarındaki iyileştirmelerini ve yöntemin uygulanabilirliğini göstermek amaçlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda Konya ilinde tarım makineleri parçaları üretimi yapan bir işletmede MAMM uygulamasına yer verilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular sonucunda üretim sürecindeki fiziki malzeme kayıp ve atıkları tespit edilmiştir. Daha sonraki aşamada malzeme akış maliyetlerinin dağılımı hesaplanmış ve üretim sürecinde iyileştirilmesi hedeflenen noktalar belirlenmiştir. Yönetim muhasebesi açısından MAMM’ın malzeme ve enerji akışlarını fiziksel ve ekonomik açıdan görselleştirmesi, işletmelerde kurumsal kaynak planlamasının ve kurumsal şeffaflığın geliştirilmesine katkıda bulunabilecektir.