bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inorganic hole transport layers in inverted perovskite solar cells: A review
Authors: Arumugam Gowri Manohari , Karunakaran Santhosh Kumar , Liu Chong , Zhang Cuiling , Guo Fei , Wu Shaohang , Mai Yaohua 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn the past decades, the inverted structure (p‐i‐n structure) perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) have been attracted more by the researchers owing to their ease of fabrication, cost‐effectiveness, lower processing temperature for the fabrication of large scale and flexible devices with negligible J−V hysteresis effects. The hole transporting layer (HTL) as a major served content of PVSCs has significant influence on light harvesting, carrier extraction and transportation, perovskite crystallization, stability and cost. Generally, the organic materials are used as HTLs which have less stability due to their morphology under thermal conditions; thus, leads to change in properties of them. A tantalizing possibility is replacement of p‐type inorganic materials instead of organic materials but the plenty of options are available for inorganic HTLs. However, the development of more variants for inorganic HTL is a major challenge. Till date, many materials have been reported, but their performances have not superseded that of their organic counterparts. Herein, the review on various inorganic HTLs based inverted PVSCs has been reported and analyzed their performances with appropriate properties such as proper energy level and high carrier mobility which are not only assisted with charge transport, but also improved the stability of PVSCs under ambient conditions.
Review of ferroelectric field‐effect transistors for three‐dimensional storage applications
Authors: Park Hyeon Woo , Lee Jae‐Gil , Hwang Cheol Seong 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe ferroelectric field‐effect transistor (FeFET) is one of the leading contenders to succeed charge‐trap‐based flash memory (CTF) devices in the current vertically‐integrated NAND flash storage market. The operation of a FeFET is based on the field‐effect in the channel of the FET that is exerted by the uncompensated ferroelectric bound charge, which is also the fundamental source of the depolarization effect. This paper briefly reviews the current status of CTF‐based NAND flash memory as a benchmark for FeFET. Then, a one‐dimensional model based on a load‐line analysis of FeFET technology is presented. The paper subsequently deals with the two‐dimensional domain effect in nano‐sized NAND‐type FeFET devices. While NAND‐type FeFET operation is likely, current ferroelectric materials with high remanent polarization (Pr) of ∼10 μCcm‐2 and coercive field (Ec) of ∼1 MVcm‐1 are not feasible for use in such devices. This is fundamentally due to the high depolarization field induced by the unnecessarily high Pr, which not only destabilizes the memory state but also induces a severe interference effect between neighboring cells. Therefore, a new ferroelectric material with a moderately low Pr and higher Ec > ∼3 MVcm‐1 is necessary, along with structural innovation to minimize the interference effect.
Quantification and reduction of uncertainties in a wind turbine numerical model based on a global sensitivity analysis and a recursive Bayesian inference approach
Authors: Hirvoas Adrien , Prieur Clémentine , Arnaud Elise , Caleyron Fabien , Munoz Zuniga Miguel 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA framework to perform quantification and reduction of uncertainties in a wind turbine numerical model using a global sensitivity analysis and a recursive Bayesian inference method is developed in this article. We explain how a prior probability distribution on the model parameters is transformed into a posterior probability distribution, by incorporating a physical model and real field noisy observations. Nevertheless, these approaches suffer from the so‐called curse of dimensionality. In order to reduce the dimension, Sobol' indices approach for global sensitivity analysis, in the context of wind turbine modeling, is presented. A major issue arising for such inverse problems is identifiability, that is, whether the observations are sufficient to unambiguously determine the input parameters that generated the observations. Global sensitivity analysis is also used in the context of identifiability.
Impact of night shift rotations on nursing performance and patient safety: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Alsharari Abdalkarem F. , Abuadas Fuad H. , Hakami Mohammed N. , Darraj Adel A. , Hakami Magbool W. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimHospitals operate on a 24‐hr basis, with shiftwork being unavoidable for most nurses. This study aims to explore the impact of night shiftwork rotations on nurses' physiological status, work performance and patient safety concerns among nurses in public hospitals.DesignA descriptive predictive correlational design using a self‐administered questionnaire.MethodsElectronic and printable survey questionnaires were distrusted among nurses working in public hospitals in multiple regions of Saudi Arabia. The study recruited 1,256 nurses from different nationalities, hospital work units and work experience.ResultsA large proportion of nurses on night shiftwork encountered patient safety issues (85.7%) and physiological consequences (93.6%). Counselling sessions and programmes to support at‐risk nurses are recommended.
Numerical solutions of the partial differential equations for investigating the significance of partial slip due to lateral velocity and viscous dissipation: The case of blood‐gold Carreau nanofluid and dusty fluid
Authors: Koriko Olubode Kolade , Adegbie Kolawole S. , Shah Nehad Ali , Animasaun Isaac L. , Olotu M. Adejoke 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe dynamics of blood conveying gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are helpful to the health workers while air conveying dust particles over rockets is helpful to space scientists during the testing phase. However, little is known on the significance of thermal diffusivity in these aforementioned cases. In this report, the partial differential equation suitable to unravel the implication of increasing partial slip and viscous dissipation on the dynamics of the mixture of (i) blood and nano size of GNPs (ii) air and dust particles on an object with an increasing diameter (uhspr) is investigated. The density, zero shear rate viscosity, heat capacity, and thermal conductivity treated in this study vary with volume fraction nanoparticles. In the second case, the interaction between the solid particles and air is incorporated into the momentum equation using the Stokes drag. Transformation and parametrization of the two‐dimensional nonlinear partial differential equations were obtained with the aid of suitable similarity variables. Thereafter, the numerical solutions of the corresponding boundary valued problems were obtained using the classical Runge–Kutta integration scheme together with shooting techniques and Matlab bvp5c package. Enhancement in the rate of viscous dissipation is a major factor suitable to increase the velocities of both fluids, boost temperature distribution across both fluids, and local skin friction coefficients. There exist a significant difference between the effect of partial slip on the dynamics of blood‐gold nanofluid and dusty fluid.
MHD two‐phase flow of Jeffrey fluid suspended with Hafnium and crystal particles: Analytical treatment
Authors: Nazeer Mubbashar , Hussain Farooq , Khan M. Ijaz , Shahzad Qasiar , Chu Yu‐Ming , Kadry Seifedine 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis article offers a comparative investigation for Newtonian and non‐Newtonian multiphase flows drifting through an inclined channel. A non‐Newtonian Jeffrey fluid is used as the base fluid. However, Hafnium particles and crystal particles are considered to form two different kinds of two‐phase suspensions. Each flow comes under the influence of an external and transversely applied magnetic force. The effects of gravitational force have also been taken into account which is the main source of the supercritical flow. Flow dynamics are modeled with the help of Navier–Stokes. A closed‐form solution is achieved by invoking the analytical technique subject to, no‐slip condition at the boundary of the channel. A detailed parametric study, regarding the contribution of pertinent variables, is carried out in the graphical section. Furthermore, the obtained analytical and visual results have been vetted numerically through different tables, as well. The findings reveal that non‐Newtonian biphase flows are more significant than Newtonian biphase flows. Similarly, Jeffrey fluid is much suitable for multiphase flows and Hafnium particle suspension with Jeffrey fluid is much better than the one obtained by the crystal‐Jeffrey suspension. Finally, Hafnium suspends well with non‐Newtonian fluid. Such alloys are more suitable for mechanical purposes, particularly for nuclear reactors as coolants. In addition to this, no comparative analysis between Newtonian and non‐Newtonian multiphase flows has so far been reported in the existing literature.
Avapritinib in Patients With Advanced Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors Following at Least Three Prior Lines of Therapy
Authors: George Suzanne , Jones Robin L. , Bauer Sebastian , Kang Yoon-Koo , Schöffski Patrick , Eskens Ferry , Mir Olivier , Cassier Phillipe A. , Serrano Cesar , Tap William D. , Trent Jonathan , Rutkowski Piotr , Patel Shreyaskumar , Chawla Sant P. , Meiri Eval , Gordon Michael , Zhou Teresa , Roche Maria , Heinrich Micahel C. , Mehren Margaret 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background
Most gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) driven by KIT or platelet-derived growth factor receptor A (PDGFRA) mutations develop resistance to available tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatments. NAVIGATOR is a two-part, single-arm, dose escalation and expansion study designed to evaluate safety and antineoplastic activity of avapritinib, a selective, potent inhibitor of KIT and PDGFRA, in patients with unresectable or metastatic GIST.

Materials and Methods
Eligible patients were 18 years or older with histologically or cytologically confirmed unresectable GIST and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≤2 and initiated avapritinib at 300 mg or 400 mg once daily. Primary endpoints were safety in patients who initiated avapritinib at 300 mg or 400 mg once daily and overall response rate (ORR) in patients in the safety population with three or more previous lines of TKI therapy.

Results
As of November 16, 2018, in the safety population (n = 204), the most common adverse events (AEs) were nausea (131 [64%]), fatigue (113 [55%]), anemia (102 [50%]), cognitive effects (84 [41%]), and periorbital edema (83 [41%]); 17 (8%) patients discontinued due to treatment-related AEs, most frequently confusion, encephalopathy, and fatigue. ORR in response-evaluable patients with GIST harboring KIT or non-D842V PDGFRA mutations and with at least three prior therapies (n = 103) was 17% (95% confidence interval [CI], 10–25). Median duration of response was 10.2 months (95% CI, 7.2–10.2), and median progression-free survival was 3.7 months (95% CI, 2.8–4.6).

Conclusion
Avapritinib has manageable toxicity with meaningful clinical activity as fourth-line or later treatment in some patients with GIST with KIT or PDGFRA mutations.

Implications for Practice
In the NAVIGATOR trial, avapritinib, an inhibitor of KIT and platelet-derived growth factor receptor A tyrosine kinases, provided durable responses in a proportion of patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) who had received three or more prior therapies. Avapritinib had a tolerable safety profile, with cognitive adverse events manageable with dose interruptions and modification in most cases. These findings indicate that avapritinib can elicit durable treatment responses in some patients with heavily pretreated GIST, for whom limited treatment options exist.
Actinomycotic osteomyelitis of the mandible with bone destruction: Two case reports with a review of the Japanese literatures
Authors: Yamamura Yoshiko , Kudo Yasusei , Kudoh Keiko , Miyamoto Youji 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMandibular actinomycosis, which is mainly caused by Actinomyces israelii, is characterized by trismus and multiple abscesses. The associated destruction of the jaw bone in cases of mandibular actinomycosis is rare. As the clinical symptoms and imaging findings of this disease are similar to those in malignant tumors, a biopsy should be performed at an early stage to facilitate a definitive diagnosis. To date, no studies have reported on the incidence and management of actinomycotic osteomyelitis. Here, we report two cases of actinomycotic osteomyelitis with bone destruction, and review the literature for similar cases that have been reported in Japan.
Effects of hygrothermal aging on chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate)/Cloisite 30B bionanocomposite
Authors: Iggui Kahina , Kaci Mustapha , Le Moigne Nicolas , Bergeret Anne 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHygrothermal aging of neat poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and PHBV filled with an organomodified montmorillonite (C30B) at 3wt. was investigated at 65°C and 100% relative humidity (RH) up to 100 days. FT‐IR data indicated that the carbonyl intensity index decreased with exposure time for both samples, while the main degradation mechanism occurred through hydrolysis reaction. This led to chain scissions resulting in a decrease in molar mass. Water absorption increased with exposure time for both neat PHBV and PHBV/C30B (3wt%) bionanocomposite. Differential scanning calorimetry measurements showed a decrease in both crystallinity index and melting temperature after hygrothermal aging and thermogravimetric analysis data indicated also a decrease in thermal stability. Mechanical and viscoelastic properties were also altered, being, however, more pronounced for the neat PHBV. Overall, the PHBV bionanocomposite exhibited a better resistance toward hygrothermal aging at 65°C and 100% RH.
A study on the fabrication and microwave shielding properties of PANI/C60 heterostructures
Authors: Lin Tengfei , Yu Haojie , Wang Li , Ma Qinghua , Huang Haiyu , Wang Li , Uddin Md Alim , Haq Fazal , Lemenovskiy Dmitry A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe in‐situ chemical oxidative polymerization was introduced to prepare the composites of polyaniline/fullerene (PANI/C60) in this work. The effects of different reaction conditions such as the concentration of C60, the concentration of doping acids, the concentration of aniline (ANI), and the reaction temperature were investigated. The composites were characterized by FTIR, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscope, X‐ray diffraction, TGA, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and vector network analyzer measurements. The electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding properties were evaluated over the frequency range of 1.0–4.5 GHz, and it was found that the average total EMI SE was 23.01 dB with additional content of 50 wt% the optimized PANI/C60 composite powder, which contains ~97.26 wt% of PANI (mainly nanorods) and ~2.74 wt% of C60 in the paraffin wax matrix. The possible composites formation mechanism and EMI shielding mechanism for PANI/C60 composites were discussed. The relationship between the conductivities of the samples and the EM shielding performance was also investigated.
Effect of ultrasonic extrusion on properties of colloids and bio‐based nanocomposites containing epoxidized soybean oil and nanoclay
Authors: Liang Tian , Isayev Avraam I. , Zhang Shuailin , Cheng Stephen Z. D. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractColloid prepared with epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) and a nanoclay, organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT), has been processed using an ultrasonic twin‐screw extruder under various ultrasonic amplitudes and screw rotation speeds. Ultrasonic treatment has significantly increased OMMT dispersion in ESO, according to wide angle X‐ray diffraction and rheological data. Yield stress, storage and loss modulus, and complex viscosity and relaxation time of the colloid have been increased with increase of ultrasonic amplitude. Under certain high ultrasonic amplitudes, the increase of one to two orders of magnitude in the above‐mentioned properties of colloids has been observed. Creep and recoverable compliance have been decreased with the increase of ultrasonic amplitude. The tremendous changes in rheological properties of the colloid are a result of significantly improved OMMT dispersion with the aid of ultrasonic treatment. With no or low ultrasonic treatment, a higher screw rotation speed has improved OMMT dispersion since it brings more mixing effect. However, at high ultrasonic amplitudes, a higher rotation disrupts jet flow and has led to less dispersion improvement compared with the same colloid extruded at a lower rotation speed. Colloids extruded at 400 rpm were cured using triethylenetetramine to prepare bio‐based nanocomposites. The nanocomposite prepared using colloid treated at 13 μm shows improved tensile strength and modulus compared with the nanocomposite prepared using untreated colloid.
Psychosocial perceptions and executive functioning: Hope and school belonging predict students' executive functioning
Authors: Dixson Dante D. , Scalcucci Stefanie Gill 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn a sample of 216 high school students, we explored the relationship between hope and school belonging to executive functioning (EF). This examination was carried out to better understand how these, and potentially other psychosocial factors, relate to the neurocognitive decision‐making process of adolescent students. This study had several findings. First, after controlling for demographics and previous achievement, hope and school belonging were found to account for about 26%–39% of EF's variance, a large effect size. Second, after the same controls, hope and school belonging accounted for about 13%–25% of all five subcomponents of EF, an effect size range of medium to large. Finally, in general, the pathways subcomponent of hope was a better predictor of EF than the agency subcomponent. These results provide insight into how EF interacts with school‐based perceptions as well as have implications for psychosocial intervention research within schools.
Crowdsourcing: Citizens as coproducers of public services
Authors: Liu Helen K. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCrowdsourcing serves as a distributed problem‐solving production model for modern governments, and it has the potential to transform citizens into coproducers of public services. To consolidate the theoretical basis, this article provides a typology for crowdsourcing public services based on theories of coproduction, public sector volunteerism, and government–citizen relations. This typology includes two dimensions—the policy stage, and the functionality of citizens' effort—and four types of crowdsourcing, namely, complementary crowdsourcing in service implementation, supplementary crowdsourcing in service implementation, complementary crowdsourcing in policy and service design, and supplementary crowdsourcing in policy design. Four cases are selected for illustration. Designing crowdsourcing based on citizen and government relationships will help designers align goals and tasks to the right coproducers and enhance relationships in a democratic way. Furthermore, this typology will allow the field to systematically and collectively build knowledge.
Feasibility and potential benefits of partner‐supported yoga on psychosocial and physical function among lung cancer patients
Authors: Sullivan Donald R. , Medysky Mary E. , Tyzik Anna L. , Dieckmann Nathan F. , Denfeld Quin E. , Winters‐Stone Kerri 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectivePatients with lung cancer experience significant declines in psychosocial and physical function during and after treatment that impact quality of life (QOL) and survival. Yoga is a potential strategy to mitigate functional decline among patients with lung cancer.MethodsA single group 12‐week pilot trial of low‐moderate intensity yoga among patients with stage I‐IV lung cancer and their partners (n = 46; 23 patient‐partner dyads) during cancer treatment from two hospital systems. Feasibility, acceptability, descriptive statistics, and Cohen d effect sizes were calculated at 6 and 12‐weeks for psychosocial and physical outcomes using validated questionnaires and assessments.ResultsAt 6 and 12‐weeks, retention was 65% and withdrawals were mainly due to disease progression. Among study completers (n = 26; 13 dyads) adherence was 80%. Comparing baseline to 12‐week measurements, fatigue, depression symptoms, and sleep disturbance improved in 54% of participants for all three measures (Cohen's d = 0.40‒0.53). QOL improved in 77% of participants (Cohen's d = 0.34). Upper and lower body flexibility, and lower body strength improved in 92%, 85% and 77% of participants, respectively (Cohen's d = 0.39‒1.08). Six‐minute walk test improved in 62% of participants an average of 32 meters (SD = 11.3; Cohen's d = 0.17). No serious adverse events were reported.ConclusionsAmong patients with stage I‐IV lung cancer including active treatment, a 12‐week partner‐supported yoga program is feasible, acceptable, and improved psychosocial and physical function. Low‐intensity yoga may be a complimentary approach to reduce the effects of cancer treatment, however, more research is needed to determine the efficacy of partner‐supported yoga to mitigate functional decline.
Interplay between tau and α‐synuclein liquid–liquid phase separation
Authors: Siegert Anna , Rankovic Marija , Favretto Filippo , Ukmar‐Godec Tina , Strohäker Timo , Becker Stefan , Zweckstetter Markus 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn Parkinson's disease with dementia, up to 50% of patients develop a high number of tau‐containing neurofibrillary tangles. Tau‐based pathologies may thus act synergistically with the α‐synuclein pathology to confer a worse prognosis. A better understanding of the relationship between the two distinct pathologies is therefore required. Liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) of proteins has recently been shown to be important for protein aggregation involved in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, whereas tau phase separation has been linked to Alzheimer's disease. We therefore investigated the interaction of α‐synuclein with tau and its consequences on tau LLPS. We find α‐synuclein to have a low propensity for both, self‐coacervation and RNA‐mediated LLPS at pH 7.4. However, full‐length but not carboxy‐terminally truncated α‐synuclein efficiently partitions into tau/RNA droplets. We further demonstrate that Cdk2‐phosphorylation promotes the concentration of tau into RNA‐induced droplets, but at the same time decreases the amount of α‐synuclein inside the droplets. NMR spectroscopy reveals that the interaction of the carboxy‐terminal domain of α‐synuclein with the proline‐rich region P2 of tau is required for the recruitment of α‐synuclein into tau droplets. The combined data suggest that the concentration of α‐synuclein into tau‐associated condensates can contribute to synergistic aSyn/tau pathologies.
Undesired effects of relief systems concerns mitigations
Authors: Wakil Waheed 
Published: January 2021

AbstractProcess changes and lack of proper relief systems documentation are some reasons why relief systems may need to be revalidated during the life of a facility. When revalidating relief systems, concerns may be identified such as improper relief device size, high inlet or outlet pressure drop, or unprotected equipment. The solution is often more complicated than you may think. Without expert knowledge of the various recognized and generally accepted good engineering practices (RAGAGEP) related to relief systems, a seemingly simple fix may result in undesired consequences that may lead to a more dangerous situation than the previous design. This paper goes into some examples of undesired effects of relief systems changes, including negative effects on upstream or downstream equipment, effects of changes in relief device set pressure, effects of changes in relief device type, and effects of piping changes.