bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Possible Kilonova Powered by Magnetic Wind from a Newborn Black Hole
Authors: Ma Shuai-Bing , Xie Wei , Liao Bin , Zhang Bin-Bin , Lü Hou-Jun , Liu Yu , Lei Wei-Hua 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The merger of binary neutron stars (NS–NS) as the progenitor of short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) has been confirmed by the discovery of the association of the gravitational-wave (GW) event GW170817 with GRB 170817A. However, the merger product of binary NS remains an open question. An X-ray plateau followed by a steep decay (“internal plateau”) has been found in some short GRBs, implying that a supramassive magnetar operates as the merger remnant and then collapses into a newborn black hole (BH) at the end of the plateau. X-ray bump or second plateau following the “internal plateau” are considered as the expected signature from the fallback accretion onto this newborn BH through the Blandford–Znajek mechanism (BZ). At the same time, a nearly isotropic wind driven by the Blandford–Payne mechanism (BP) from the newborn BH’s disk can produce a bright kilonova. Therefore, the bright kilonova observation for a short GRB with “internal plateau” (and followed by X-ray bump or second plateau) provides further evidence for this scenario. In this paper, we find that GRB 160821B is a candidate of such a case, and the kilonova emission of GRB 160821B is possibly powered by the BP wind from a newborn BH. Future GW detection of GRB 160821B–like events may provide further support to this scenario, enable us to investigate the properties of the magnetar and the newborn BH, and constrain the equation of state of neutron stars.
Understanding Type Ia Supernova Distance Biases by Simulating Spectral Variations
Authors: Pierel J. D. R. , Jones D. O. , Dai M. , Adams D. Q. , Kessler R. , Rodney S. , Siebert M. R. , Foley R. J. , Kenworthy W. D. , Scolnic D. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In the next decade, transient searches from the Vera C. Rubin Observatory and the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope will increase the sample of known Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) from ∼103 to 105. With this reduction of statistical uncertainties on cosmological measurements, new methods are needed to reduce systematic uncertainties. Characterizing the underlying spectroscopic evolution of SN Ia remains a major systematic uncertainty in current cosmological analyses, motivating a new simulation tool for the next era of SN Ia cosmology: Build Your Own Spectral Energy Distribution (byosed). byosed is used within the SNANA framework to simulate light curves by applying spectral variations to model SEDs, enabling flexible testing of possible systematic shifts in SN Ia distance measurements. We test the framework by comparing a nominal Roman SN Ia survey simulation using a baseline SED model to simulations using SEDs perturbed with byosed, and investigating the impact of ignoring specific SED features in the analysis. These features include semiempirical models of two possible, predicted relationships: between SN ejecta velocity and light-curve observables, and a redshift-dependent relationship between SN Hubble residuals and host-galaxy mass. We analyze each byosed simulation using the SALT2 and BEAMS with Bias Corrections framework, and estimate changes in the measured value of the dark-energy equation-of-state parameter, w. We find a difference of Δw = −0.023 for SN velocity and Δw = 0.021 for redshift-evolving host mass when compared to simulations without these features. By using byosed for SN Ia cosmology simulations, future analyses (e.g., the Rubin and Roman SN Ia samples) will have greater flexibility to constrain or reduce such SN Ia modeling uncertainties.
Forward Modeling Helioseismic Signatures of One- and Two-cell Meridional Circulation
Authors: Stejko Andrey M. , Kosovichev Alexander G. , Pipin Valery V. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Using a 3D global solver of the linearized Euler equations, we model acoustic oscillations over background velocity flow fields of single-cell meridional circulation with deep and shallow return flows as well as double-cell meridional circulation with strong and weak reversals. The velocities are generated using a mean-field hydrodynamic and dynamo model—moving through the regimes with minimal parameter changes, counterrotation near the base of the tachocline is induced by sign inversion of the nondiffusive action of turbulent Reynolds stresses (Λ-effect) due to the radial inhomogeneity of the Coriolis number. By mimicking the stochastic excitation of resonant modes in the convective interior, we simulate realization noise present in solar observations. Using deep-focusing to analyze differences in travel-time signatures between the four regimes, as well as comparing to solar observations, we show that current helioseismology techniques may offer important insights about the location and strength of the return flow; however, it may not currently be possible to definitively distinguish between profiles of single-cell or double-cell meridional circulation.
Implications of High Polarization Degree for the Surface State of Ryugu
Authors: Kuroda Daisuke , Geem Jooyeon , Akitaya Hiroshi , Jin Sunho , Takahashi Jun , Takahashi Koki , Naito Hiroyuki , Makino Kana , Sekiguchi Tomohiko , Bach Yoonsoo P. , Seo Jinguk , Sato Shuji , Sasago Hiroshi , Kawabata Koji S. , Kawakami Aoi , Tozuka Miyako , Watanabe Makoto , Takagi Seiko , Kuramoto Kiyoshi , Yoshikawa Makoto , Hasegawa Sunao , Ishiguro Masateru 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The asteroid exploration project “Hayabusa2” has successfully returned samples from the asteroid (162173) Ryugu. In this study, we measured the linear polarization degrees of Ryugu using four ground-based telescopes from 2020 September 27 to December 25, covering a wide-phase angle (Sun-target-observer’s angle) range from 28° to 104°. We found that the polarization degree of Ryugu reached 53% around a phase angle of 100°, the highest value among all asteroids and comets thus far reported. The high polarization degree of Ryugu can be attributed to the scattering properties of its surface layers, in particular the relatively small contribution of multiply scattered light. Our polarimetric results indicate that Ryugu’s surface is covered with large grains. On the basis of a comparison with polarimetric measurements of pulverized meteorites, we can infer the presence of submillimeter-sized grains on the surface layer of Ryugu. We also conjecture that this size boundary represents the grains that compose the aggregate. It is likely that a very brittle structure has been lost in the recovered samples, although they may hold a record of its evolution. Our data will be invaluable for future experiments aimed at reproducing the surface structure of Ryugu.
Carvacrol effect on topotecan cytotoxicity in various human cancer cells in vitro
Authors: Bayoumi Hadeel M. , Alkhatib Mayson H. , Al-Seeni Madeha N. 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: To investigate the modulatory effect of the natural phytochemical, carvacrol, on Topotecan (TOPO) cytotoxicity and cellular uptake in different cancer cell lines.
Methods: The cytotoxicity of the carvacrol/TOPO combination therapy was determined in vitro using crystal violet assay. Coomassie blue and DAPI fluorescent stains were used for cellular morphology and molecular cell death assessments, respectively. Additionally, TOPO cellular uptake after carvacrol/TOPO combination therapy was determined.
Results: Treatment of HeLa and HCT116 with carvacrol/TOPO resulted in 7.70- and 5.71-fold reduction in TOPO half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), respectively, relative to TOPO single treatment. On the other hand, treatment of MCF-7, HepG2, SKOV3, and A549 cancer cells with carvacrol/TOPO resulted in increasing the IC50 of TOPO by 1.49-, 1.33-, 1.50- and 1.26-fold, respectively, relative to TOPO single treatment.
Conclusion: Carvacrol had enhanced TOPO cytotoxicity and cellular uptake in HeLa and HCT116 cancer cells but might cause TOPO resistance in MCF-7, HepG2, SKOV3 and A549 cells.
Le soin et la démocratie à l'épreuve du totalitarisme sanitaire
Authors: Gori Roland 
Published: April 2021

Nous assistons aujourd’hui à un retour des épidémies qui conduit à faire de l’épidémiologie la discipline médicale reine, la nouvelle conseillère du pouvoir. La médicalisation de l’existence franchit un pas supplémentaire dans l’effacement des subjectivités au profit d’une logique de gestion des populations. La nouvelle politique de santé publique (preparedness) qui s’impose depuis les années 1990 conduit à nous interroger sur l’avenir du soin et de la démocratie menacés par ce nouveau totalitarisme sanitaire.
Plaidoyer pour une politique de Santé Culturelle
Authors: Marinopoulos Sophie 
Published: April 2021

Alors que nous traversons des crises multiformes, celle qui concerne la dégradation de nos relations présente des symptômes inquiétants que le développement personnel et la parentalité positive se sont appropriés dans une logique libérale associant « le prendre soin » avec le « profit personnel ». C’est avec les mots que nous pouvons lutter contre cette logique de consommation, des mots adressés aux parents pour les informer de l’importance de prendre soin des liens précoces à leur enfant en inscrivant l’éveil culturel et artistique ( eca ) dans le lien enfant parent ( lep ). La stratégie nationale pour la Santé Culturelle propose de nouveaux repères de santé, en vue de rendre au Sujet sa liberté d’être et de penser.
La déviance positive face au pluralisme normatif. Le cas de l’implémentation d’un progiciel de gestion intégré dans la filiale chinoise d’une entreprise manufacturière internationale
Authors: Lissillour Raphael 
Published: April 2021

Les salariés sont de plus en plus confrontés à un pluralisme normatif au sein des organisations. Afin de maintenir leurs activi malgré la présence de normes contradictoires, ils peuvent en venir à adopter des comportements de déviance positive pour tenter de réconcilier les différents cadres normatifs qui coexistent. Cette démarche a été explorée au travers d’une étude de cas dans la filiale chinoise d’une entreprise manufacturière internationale, menée à la suite de l’implémentation d’un nouvel outil de rationalisation productive, un progiciel de gestion intégrée. Les données issues de 13 entretiens semi-directifs et de 3 focus-groupes ont permis de comprendre les cadres normatifs présents dans l’entreprise, tout en identifiant les types de déviance à l’œuvre. Nos résultats ont mis en évidence que l’entreprise faisait la promotion d’un cadre normatif, associé à la rationalité procédurale, au contrôle et à la synchronisation à flux tendu, alors que les équipes travaillaient selon un cadre normatif différent et étaient ainsi confrontées à des exigences contradictoires. Afin de pallier ce problème et de pouvoir garder le même niveau de performance, les salariés ont été amenés à adopter des comportements relevant de quatre types de déviance positive : matérielle, temporelle, procédurale, et le bricolage.
Villes sœurs et pays frères : le « sexe » des substantifs transféré en genre grammatical par adjectivation
Authors: Fujimura Itsuko 
Published: April 2021

Ce travail a pour objectif de démontrer le comportement particulier des Noms d’Humains (NH) lors de leur adjectivation en français. Dans la combinaison [Nom non Humain (NnonH) + NH de parenté ou de souveraineté], la cooccurrence des deux N est contrainte en fonction de leur sexe et genre ( pays frère, *pays sœur, ville sœur, *ville frère ), tandis que dans [NnonH + NH affixé] se produit l’accord en genre ordinaire ( mouvement étudiant , vie étudiante ). À l’opposé, l’accord en genre ne se produit pas lorsqu’il s’agit de deux NnonH munis d’un genre grammatical mais démunis de dénotation sexuelle ( mot clé, position clé ). L’analyse détaillée de ces combinaisons, fondée sur un grand nombre de données, montre que la contrainte concurrentielle du premier type ne se produit pas nécessairement par l’analogie du second type. Certains NH comme mère , roi sont directement transférés en adjectif féminin ou masculin suivant le sexe d’origine sans passer par le patron dichotomique de l’accord morphologique. Nous affirmons enfin que l’analogie entre l’adjectivité et le trait humain en français provient de l’association entre le genre grammatical (m/f) et le sexe des humains.
Videotape as a Method for Staff Development of Nurses
Authors: Shaffer Mary K , Pfeiffer Isobel L 
Published: April 2021

Instructional strategies are needed in continuing education for nurses to facilitate the transfer of theoretical knowledge to the practical application of community home visits. Protocol materials should be useful since they can develop problem-solving skills through simulation.
This study involved the development and field-testing of a videotape protocol designed to teach baccalaureate students the nursing process as it related to the home visit in community nursing. The videotape included two incidents a student might encounter when making home visits. Through Thelen's1 group investigation process the students were encouraged to suggest alternate plans of action. The videotape was field-tested with a group of senior students and compared with a similar group instructed by lecture-discussion.
Pretests and posttests were administered. Cognitive learning, affective response, and discussion participation were considered. There was no significant difference in cognitive learning; however, the other factors were significantly different at the 0.05 level. Videotape increased student discussions and students preferred the class using videotape. Follow-up use investigated the reaction to the videotape of public health nurses and other nurses.
An Employee Learning Needs Assessment Concerning Mental Health Needs of Residents in a Long-Term Care Setting
Authors: Canar Mary Jo , Johnson Joseph C 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A quasi-competency-based employee learning needs/attitude assessment tool, based upon identified mental health needs of residents in a long-term care setting, was developed with the participation of an advisory group of professional health care providers, professional and non-professional employees and residents. The tool, which has a high construct and content validity and interrater reliability, was then used to assess the learning needs/attitudes of the advisory group and employees. The Identified mental health need statements were sorted into 18 categories for the development of inservice education programs.
No common learning needs across all groups were identified. Priority learning needs identified by employees included the following categories: Coping with Pain; Staff Need; Crisis Intervention; Sexual Needs; Religious Needs; Resident/Friend/Family Interaction; and Reminiscent Therapy. A correlation between the importance assigned to the item categories by the advisory group and the staff indicated a close compatibility for the categories of Opportunities for Personal Sustenance/Growth; Crisis Intervention; Physical Nursing Care; Security Need; Staff Need; Coping with Pain; and Sexual Needs.
The category of Resident/Family/Friend Interaction was recommended as the priority focus for staff development programs since it was a multi-item category and had previously been recognized by Administration as an employee learning need.
Attitudes of the staff toward the residents, as identified by the importance assigned to the mental health need statements, were very positive.
Empowering Nurses for Politically Astute Change in the Workplace
Authors: Mason Diana J , Costello-Nickitas Donna M , Scanlan Judith M , Magnuson Berna A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
While studies of the shortage of nurses have documented the need for nurses to play a greater role in decision-making processes in their workplaces, it cannot be assumed that nurses have the confidence or skills for making changes in the workplace in politically astute ways that will be effective. This article describes a continuing education program that was designed to prepare nurses to realize their potential power and to develop skills for effectively bringing about changes in their workplaces. Based on a feminist model of empowerment, the program content and methods reflected three dimensions of empowerment; consciousness-raising, building self-esteem, and skill development. Both short- and long-term evaluations (immediate and at 7 months) demonstrated that education can be a vehicle for empowering nurses to effectively bring about changes in their workplaces. The program was sponsored by the Manitoba Nurses Union, The University of Manitoba Continuing Education Division, and The University of Manitoba School of Nursing.
Professional Values and Empowerment: A Role for Continuing Education
Authors: Weis Darlene , Schank Mary Jane 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A commitment to values is increasingly important for professional nurses. For practitioners of nursing, advances in knowledge and technology are raising complicated ethical questions that need a response. The guiding of ethical decision-making is a primary function of a code of ethics such as the Code for Nurses document (1978). Among practitioners of nursing, values identified most frequently are reflected in the first six statements that deal with professional issues. Values inherent in the last five statements, which focus on social issues, such as professional empowerment, are not readily identified. Internalization of the social issue values is critical for the future of nursing.
Experiential Learning Strategies for Promoting Positive Staff Attitudes Toward the Elderly
Authors: Marte Annabelle Lee 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
It is generally acknowledged that American society devalues its elderly. Young people incorporate pervasive attitudes at an early age. These attitudes are later reflected in the views of health professionals.
An essential component of effective care for the elderly is the attitude of the caregivers. Staff attitudes are considered important because of their presumed influence on staff behavior and the quality of care delivered.
Attitude change is very difficult to achieve unless the individual is exposed to an experience that places the learning situation on a very personal level. Experiential learning activities can be tailored to provide that personal experience. If attitudes can be changed at the same time that factual information is being presented, experiential activities offer the educator a potent tool for learning. This paper suggests several such activities aimed at enhancing positive attitudes toward the elderly.
The Nursing Shortage: The Legal Impact on Documentation
Authors: Butler Pamelia L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
In 1985, two significant events occurred in the health care industry. These events ultimately proved to have a deleterious effect on the nursing profession. In an effort to contain spiraling health care costs, the federal government implemented a reimbursement system based on diagnosis related groups (DRGs). One of the major foci of this system was the length of stay, i.e., the shorter the stay, the greater the monetary profit for the institution. Therefore, patients were being admitted and discharged "sicker." These two events resulted in nurses being torn between the need for adequate documentation and the delivery of patient care. When one adds to this mix the legal environment in health care, with its focus on the adage "if it is not documented, it was not done," nurses were becoming increasingly frustrated and frightened. In light of current legal trends, this article reexamines this adage and discusses implications for the nurse educator.
Learning Needs Assessment as a Vehicle for Integrating Staff Development Into a Professional Practice Model
Authors: Vogel Gerry , Ruppel Diane L , Kaufmann Connie S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Restructured nursing roles resulting from innovative professional practice models and participative governance systems create a demand for new and expanded competencies. The impact for nursing staff development is the concurrent requirement to develop programs that match the skill/competency requirements of nurses in emerging practice models. This article recounts how one nursing department implemented a learning needs assessment (LNA) process as a means of integrating staff development into professional nursing practice.
Nursing and Business: The New Frontier
Authors: Simpson Roy L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Understanding free market principles is important for fulfilling nursing's obligation to professional stewardship. Stewardship is the act of conserving and enhancing what we have received from those before us, then disseminating it to new generations in the hopes of creating a stronger, more vital profession. In order to do that, nursing needs an improved understanding of the marketplace. This will help nursing grow as a profession, particularly through entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial efforts.
A Model Program for Teaching Nurses Breast Assessment and Cancer Screening
Authors: Judkins Alice F , Boutwell W Bryant 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The increasing incidence of breast cancer in the United States is well documented in the literature. Associated with this rise is a need for additional health care providers who are well versed in the detection of early breast cancer and who are dedicated public advocates of self-examination skills. To meet this challenge, approximately 300 muses throughout the U.S. and Europe have attended a course designed at M.D. Anderson Cancer Center during the past decade. This article provides an overview of the program, including demographic data describing nurses who completed the course during 1989.
Using a Newsletter to Deliver the Message of Cost Containment
Authors: Anderson Lorraine C K , Rainey Susan M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Nurse educators often ask themselves how they can affect the bottom line of their organization. At the University of Minnesota Hospital and Clinic, Education Services is using a newsletter to promote cost-effective practice. "Dollars and Sense" has proven to be an effective and efficient educational methodology. A small investment of time and resources can reap substantial savings at the bedside. This article discusses how to develop a similar newsletter.
Pathway to Excellence: A Peer Based Program in Continuing Education
Authors: Meyer Rosemary , Elliott Ruth Layman 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Maintaining the professional knowledge and competency needed to practice in today's acute care settings is becoming increasingly difficult. This article introduces a continuing education program developed to assist staff nurses in meeting their learning needs. "Pathway to Excellence: Continuing Professional Education" is a peer education program or nursing education for nurses, by nurses, that can be implemented in all areas of clinical practice.
Breathing AIR into Adult Learning
Authors: Case Bette 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This article summarizes adult learning principles using the acronym AIR: Active involvement, Individual differences, Relevance and motivation. Highlighted are practical strategies to operationalize each of the AIR concepts for professional development. Revisiting adult learning principles can assist continuing education and staff development personnel to face challenges effectively and "walk the talk" in adult learning endeavors.