bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence of pregnancy loss and characterization of fetal development in red pandas
Authors: Lowe Jenna , Curry Erin 
Published: October 2021

Previous reports indicate that red pandas (Ailurus fulgens styani) may experience fetal loss during gestation; however, neither the rate nor timing of pregnancy failure has been described in this species. The objective of this study was to utilize ultrasound video and images collected between 2010 and 2020 at the Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden to better characterize pregnancy loss and fetal development. Trans-abdominal ultrasound examinations were performed on six female red pandas over a 10-year period, resulting in 12 profiles. Pregnancy was diagnosed via ultrasound in 10 of 12 profiles, and 40.0% of pregnancies showed evidence of fetal loss prior to parturition. Pregnancy loss was classified into lost (2 of 10; 20.0%), in which no cubs were produced, or partial loss (2 of 10; 20.0%), in which two concepti were visualized via ultrasound, but only one cub was born. Fetal loss occurred between days 51 and 23 pre-partum. Fetal growth characteristics were documented, including skeletal ossification (occurring between days 32 and 27 pre-partum), crown-rump length, head length, cranial length, and fetal heart rate (173–206 b.p.m.). These findings provide novel insights into pregnancy loss, may serve as a reference for milestones of fetal development, and may be useful in diagnosing pregnancy and assessing pregnancy loss in red pandas.

Lay summary
For many wildlife species, there is no non-invasive method of determining pregnancy; therefore, the rate of pregnancy loss oftentimes is unknown. Many red pandas in human care that are paired for breeding are observed exhibiting normal mating behaviors; however, only a relatively low proportion of females produce cubs. We utilized animals conditioned for ultrasound examination to diagnose pregnancy and characterize the incidence and timing of pregnancy loss. In total, 12 potential pregnancies were monitored, beginning after breeding season and ending ~2 weeks prior to anticipated cubbing. Of these, ten were (83.3%) were diagnosed as pregnant, with 40% undergoing either full or partial pregnancy loss. Fetal growth characteristics, such as body length and head size, are described which may be useful for monitoring pregnancies and estimating fetal age. Results of this study provide novel data on pregnancy loss in red pandas. Insights into the rate and timing of reproductive failure may illuminate causes and contributing factors, ultimately allowing for improvements in husbandry which may result in greater reproductive success of individuals recommended for breeding.
Gait analysis at patients with anterior cruciate ligament rupture before and after surgical treatment
Authors: Akhpashev Alexander A. , Zagorodny N. V. , Kaurkin Sergey N. , Skvortsov Dmitry V. 
Published: October 2021

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is most often structures to be damaged. In this research investigated biomechanics of walking at the timing, kinematics and dynamics parameters for 34 patients which had verified rupture of ACL. The 11 patients were investigated before surgical treatment and 23 after it. Investigations of patients of the first group were made at the time of 1 week to 6 years after trauma of the knee joint (the average meaning is 18 months). The second group was investigated at the time from 1,5 month to 5,5 years (the average meaning is 13 months).
At the current research we did not find any specific for rupture of ACL functional disturbances during level walking compare to normal data and healthy limp. However, we assume some tendency to increase of flection-extention movement at the damaged knee joint after surgery.
This result could give us some basis for revision the term of instability, because we did not get definite symptoms at our study.
TPH1 gene polymorphism rs211105 influences serotonin and tryptophan hydroxylase 1 concentrations in acute pancreatitis patients
Authors: Snarska Jadwiga , Fiedorowicz Ewa , Rozmus Dominika , Wroński Konrad , Latacz Maria , Kordulewska Natalia , Płomiński Janusz , Grzybowski Roman , Savelkoul Huub F.J. , Kostyra Elżbieta , Cieślińska Anna 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

The role of serotonin and its metabolic pathway in proper functioning of the pancreas has not been thoroughly investigated yet in acute pancreatitis (AP) patients. Tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) as the rate-limiting enzyme of serotonin synthesis has been considered for possible associations in various diseases. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TPH genes have been already described in associations with psychiatric and digestive system disorders. This study aimed to explore the association of a rs211105 (T/G) polymorphism in TPH1 gene with tryptophan hydroxylase 1 concentrations in blood serum in a population of acute pancreatitis patients, and to investigate this association with acute pancreatitis susceptibility.
Results

Our data showed an association between the presence of the T allele at the position rs211105 (OR = 2.47, 95% CI: 0.94-6.50, p = 0.06) under conditions of a decreased AP incidence. For TT and GT genotypes in the control group, the lowest concentration of TPH was associated with higher serotonin levels (TT: Rs=-0.415, p=0.0018; GT: Rs=-0,457, p=0.0066), while for the AP group the highest levels of TPH among the TT genotype were associated with lower levels of serotonin (TT: Rs=-0.749, p<0.0001, and in the GG genotype higher levels of TPH were associated with higher levels of serotonin (GG: Rs=-0.738, p=0.037).
Conclusions

Here, a new insight in the potential role of a selected genetic factor in pancreatitis development was shown. Not only the metabolic pathway of serotonin, but also factors affecting serotonin synthesis may be interesting and important points in acute pancreatitis.
Microclimatic Conditions Mediate The Effect of Deadwood and Forest Characteristics On a Threatened Beetle Species, Tragosoma Depsarium
Authors: Lindman Ly , Öckinger Erik , Ranius Thomas 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
While climate change has increased interest in the influence of microclimate on many organisms, species inhabiting deadwood have rarely been studied. Here we explore the relationships between characteristics of forest stands, deadwood and microclimate, and analyse how the microclimate inside deadwood affects the occurrence of wood-living organisms, exemplified by the red-listed beetle Tragosoma depsarium. Some of the measured deadwood and forest variables explain much of the variation in temperature, but little of humidity aspects of the microclimate within deadwood. Several variables known to influence habitat quality for deadwood-dependent species were found to correlate with microclimate viz.: warmer conditions in standing deadwood and open canopy than in downed logs and under a closed canopy; higher humidity and more stable daily temperatures in shaded habitats and in downed and large-diameter wood, than in sun-exposed locations and standing, small-diameter wood.T. depsarium occupancy and abundance were negatively correlated with daily temperature fluctuations, and positively related to spring and summer temperature and humidity. This can explain why the species occurred more frequently in deadwood items with characteristics associated with these microclimatic conditions, i.e. downed large-diameter logs occurring in open conditions. Since microclimatic conditions are important for T. depsarium and related to several habitat characteristics, we expect the effects of these characteristics to interact with each other, and for species’ habitat requirements to vary due to local and regional climate conditions, and to changes due to climate warming.
Identification of Dominant Runoff Controls Using Hydrologically Informed Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Herath Herath Mudiyanselage Viraj Vidura , Chadalawada Jayashree , Babovic Vladan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Relative dominance of the runoff controls, such as topography, geology, soil types, land use, and climate, may differ from catchment to catchment due to spatial and temporal heterogeneity of landscape properties and climate variables. Understanding dominant runoff controls is an essential task in developing unified hydrological theories at the catchment scale. Semi-distributed rainfall-runoff models are often used to identify dominant runoff controls for a catchment of interest. In most such applications, the model selection is based on either expert's judgement or experimental and fieldwork insights. Model selection is the most important step in any hydrological modelling exercise as the findings are largely influenced by the selected model. Hence, a subjective model selection without sufficient expert's knowledge or experimental insights may result in biased findings, especially for comparative studies like identification of dominant runoff controls. In this study, we use a physics informed machine learning toolbox based on genetic programming Machine Induction Knowledge Augmented - System Hydrologique Asiatique (MIKA-SHA) to identify the relative dominance of runoff controls. We find the quantitative and automated approach based on MIKA-SHA to be highly appropriate for the intended task. MIKA-SHA does not require explicit user selections and relies on data and fundamental hydrological processes. The approach is tested using the Rappahannock River basin at Remington, Virginia, United States. Two rainfall-runoff models are learnt to represent the runoff dynamics of the catchment using topography-based and soil-type-based hydrologic response units independently. Based on prediction capabilities, in this case, the topography is identified as the dominant runoff driver.
Optical Logic Gates Using A Graphene Clad Two Surface Plasmonic Polariton Mode Coupler for Optical Processor
Authors: Sahu Partha Pratim 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
An optical pulse controlled 2x2 two mode interference (OTMI) coupler having silicon core surrounded by Graphene clad has been introduced as fundamental gates of optical processing. Considering strong light –matter interactions and nonlinear optical property of graphene, we have shown coupling characteristics depending on additional phase change between the excited surface plasmon polariton modes propagating through the silicon core. By applying optical pulse energy of 0.82 pJ and width of 4 ps on graphene clad, the NOT, AND, and OR logic gates are demonstrated. The coupling length of the proposed device is ~ 3.2 times less than that of already reported optical device based on SPP modes. Our results promise to obtain the development of integrated of optical processor with high speed, compact and low power optical logic gates having high fabrication tolerance.
Influence of Physician`s Lifestyle on the Prescription of Healthy Habits to Breast Cancer Patients (LACOG 1218)
Authors: Cangussú Renata Costa , Mascarenhas Eldsamira , Rebelatto Taiane Francieli , Zaffaroni Facundo , de Jesus Rafaela Gomes , Filho Paulo Ricardo Nunes , Werutsky Gustavo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy lifestyle is capable of positively modifying the survival of breast cancer(BC) patients. We aimed to evaluate how physician’s lifestyle influences on the prescription of healthy habits to BC patients.METHODS An online questionnaire to evaluate physician lifestyle and prescription of healthy habits to BC patients was developed and circulated by e-mail to physicians dedicated to treat BC patients. A multivariate Poisson regression analysis assessed which factors of physician lifestyle could influence on prescription of healthy habits.RESULTSA total of 267 physicians answered the questionnaire from October to November 2018. In terms of physician lifestyle, 228(85.4%) had healthy eating habits and 236(88.4%) practiced physical activity. Overall, 84.3% of the physicians advised their BC patients on the importance of lifestyle modification. Physicians who did not exercise regularly have a higher chance of not advising for health lifestyle (RR 2.48; p=0.0265) as opposite to physicians ≥50 years-old (RR 0.37; p=0.0118). Obesity treatment and management was performed by 45.3% of physicians. Being a breast surgeon (RR 1.29; p=0.0025) or radiation oncologists (RR 1.82; p=0.0025) were associated with not performing obesity treatment and management. About 53.4% of physicians referred overweight or obese patients to a dietitian and/or endocrinologist. Male gender (RR 1.35; p=0.0296), breast surgeons (RR 1.99; p=0.0001) and clinical practice in public health system (RR 1.53; p=0.0012) were associated with not referring as opposed to physicians ≥50 years-old (RR 0.46; p=0.0005).CONCLUSIONIn general physicians treating BC patients have a healthy lifestyle. Only half of BC patients’ physicians treat obesity or refer these patients to specialist which in this case may impact BC patient’s outcome.
Presentation of Chemotherapy Options in Cachexia in the Literature: A Scientometric Evaluation
Authors: Cao Mingnan , Wu Jingxuan , Wang Li , Dong Ruihua , Zhao Zhigang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by weight loss, muscle wasting, and symptoms such as fatigue and anorexia. The primary aim of this study was to quantitatively and qualitatively examine the research trends and hotspots on chemotherapy options in cachexia.Methods: A scientometric analysis was carried out according to the Science Citation Index-Expended database in the Web of Science. By utilizing bibliometric software, the performance of the total articles was covered from records, authors and affiliations, journals and research categories, to burst references, citation relationship network, and the keywords co-occurrence overlay visualization.Results: A total of 1,111 articles were retrieved. The United States occupied the top position both on the total outputs and the cooperation with other countries. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle had the highest impact factor and the most publications. Eight main groups were clustered by the similarity of the research topic. Ongoing weight loss has been the main bottleneck either in mechanistic research or therapeutic trials. In addition to nutritional supplements, the major options for pharmacological therapy were progestational agents, such as megestrol acetate and corticosteroids. ‘Computed tomography’ and strategies dealing with ‘skeletal muscle mass’, ‘muscle mass’, ‘sarcopenia’ and ‘muscle atrophy’ might be the breakthrough for the future diagnosis and treatment of cachexia.Conclusions: We considered the publication information by summarizing the literature on the pharmacological treatment of cachexia. In summary, this study provides novel and useful data for related scientific research and will help researchers explore cachexia chemotherapy options more intuitively and effectively.
Excision of breast fibroepithelial lesions - when is it still necessary?: a 10-year review of a regional centre
Authors: Mousadoust Dorsa , Dingee Carol , Chen Leo , Bazzarelli Amy , Kuusk Urve , Pao Jin-Si , Warburton Rebecca , McKevitt Elaine 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
PurposeFibroepithelial lesions (FEL) range from benign fibroadenoma (FA) to malignant phyllodes tumor (PT), but can be difficult to diagnose on core needle biopsy (CNB). This study assesses risk factors for phyllodes tumor (PT) and recurrence and whether the policy to excise FELs over 3 cm in size is justified. MethodsPatients having surgery for FELs from 2009-2018 were identified. The association of clinical, radiology and pathological features with PT and recurrence were evaluated. Trend analysis was used to assess risk of PT based on imaging size. ResultsOf the 616 patients with FELs, 400 were identified as having FA on CNB and 216 were identified as having FEL with a comment of concern for phyllodes tumor (QPT). PT was identified in 107 cases, 28 had CNB of FA (7.0%) while 79 had QPT (36.6%). Follow-up was available for 86 with a mean of 56 months; 6 patients had recurrence of PT, all of whom had QPT on CNB. The finding of PT was associated with CNB of QPT, increasing age and size on multivariate logistic regression. All patients diagnosed with PT following CNB of FA had enlarging lesions with a mean size of 38.3 mm. ConclusionsOur data does not support routine excision of FELs at 3 cm. Patients with QPT on CNB should consider excision due to high risk of PT and recurrence and the decision to excise FAs to rule out PT should also consider whether the lesion is enlarging.
Mitigation of Cadmium Uptake in Cocoa: Efficacy of Soil Application Methods of Lime and Biochar
Authors: Ramtahal Gideon , Umaharan Pathmanathan , Davis Carisa , Roberts Corey , Hanuman Anand , Ali Leon 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Although mitigation approaches have been developed to reduce Cd in cocoa beans the efficacy of the approaches have been inadequate to make them economically viable. A field study was conducted in a cocoa farm in Biche, Trinidad using two soil amendments, lime and biochar, at recommended rates using three methods of application, soil surface application with incorporation (SA), soil injection (SI) or deep placement using an auger (AA) along with a control. The objective was to determine the application method that would be most efficacious with respect to rapidity of effect, magnitude of reduction and persistency of effect on leaf Cd. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications with 15 trees per replication. Phytoavailable soil Cd, soil pH, CEC and total leaf Cd concentration were monitored monthly on three guarded trees per plot over a one-year period. The results showed that both lime and biochar were effective in reducing leaf cadmium levels albeit at different levels. The efficacy of SI was significantly better than SA in terms of rapidity of the effect on leaf Cd in comparison to the control (40% compared to 30%) as well as the effect was more persistent in SI. With biochar, again the SI was significantly better than SA with regards to reducing leaf Cd levels in comparison to the control (35% compared to 20%) but the time taken to action and the persistency were lower compared to lime application. AA did not significantly reduce Cd level in the leaf with lime or biochar application.
Ca2+/calmodulin-stimulated Adenylyl Cyclases are Required for the Potentiating Effect of Glucocorticoid Exposure in the Rat Hippocampal Synapse
Authors: Udeh-Momoh Chinedu T , Yi Jee-Hyun , Piers Thomas , Waite Eleanor , Whitehead Garry , Whitcomb Daniel , Lightman Stafford L , Cho Kwangwook K , Conway-Campbell Becky L 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Experience-dependent synaptic plasticity is important for learning and memory and regulated by the functions of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) glutamate receptors. Glucocorticoids have been shown to augment synaptic potentiation processes during stress, however the underlying mechanisms have not been fully described. In this study, we have investigated the role of the Adenylyl cyclases in glucocorticoid enhancement of synaptic potentiation. We report that stress-induced glucocorticoid secretion augments phosphorylation and postsynaptic localisation of GluA1. These effects were reproduced in adrenalectomised rats treated with a stress-equivalent dose of corticosterone; and blocked by pre-treatment with the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist RU-486. Selective pharmacological inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity with SQ22536 ablated the glucocorticoid-induced increase in phosphorylated GluA1, and reversed glucocorticoid-dependent LTP enhancement. Glucocorticoid exposure also induced induce a rapid increase in translation of hippocampal adenylyl cyclases 1 and 8, indicating a further potential role in mediating the longer-term consequences of stress. These data support a key role for adenylyl cyclases in facilitating the modulatory actions of glucocorticoid hormones on AMPA receptor regulation of learning and memory; initially as an acute mediator of the hormonally induced stress increase in LTP, then potentially in mediating adaptive changes for subsequent stress effects.
Recop: Fine-grained Opinions and Collaborative Filtering based Recommender System for Industry 5.0
Authors: Bathla Gourav , Singh Pardeep , Kumar Sunil , Verma Madhushi , Garg Deepak , Kotecha Ketan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In the futuristic Industry framework, user interactions with the product are seamlessly integrated with the product life cycle. A recommender system can be considered as an information filtering tool that provides suggestions to users about products, music, friend, topic, etc. This suggestion is based on the interest of users. Several research works have been carried out to improve recommendation accuracy by using matrix factorization, trust-based, hybrid-based, machine learning, and deep learning techniques. However, very few existing works have leveraged textual opinions for the recommendation to the best of our knowledge. Existing research works have focused only on numerical ratings, which do not reflect actual user behaviour. In this research work, sentiments of textual opinions are analyzed for an in-depth analysis of users' behaviour. Furthermore, Natural Language Processing techniques such as lemmatization, stemming, stop-word removal, Part-of-Speech (POS) tagging are applied to textual opinions. Recommendation accuracy is improved by using the proposed score Recop calculated from opinion sentiments. Furthermore, the sparsity issue is resolved by using our proposed approach. Amazon and Yelp review datasets are used for Experiment analysis. Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) values are improved significantly using the proposed approach compared to the existing approaches. MAE and RMSE scores on the Yelp dataset are 0.85 and 1.51, respectively. Additionally, MAE and RMSE scores on the Amazon dataset are 0.66 and 0.93, respectively, significantly contributing to our proposed approach.
Performance Evaluation of Junctionless FinFET using Spacer Engineering at 15nm gate Length
Authors: Kaur Navneet , Gill Sandeep Singh , Kaur Prabhjot 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this proposed work, performance of junctionless transistor with the use of spacers has been evaluated at 15nm gate length in Cogenda TCAD tool. This work is implemented as variation in four parts: changing the spacer extension length, placement of spacers having dual-κ, proportion of low and high-κ spacers, and value of high-κ dielectric constant. Impact of all these parameters is considered on the output of proposed device in terms of various output parameters like on-current (ION), off-current (IOFF), subthreshold swing (SS), drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL), transconductance (gm), transconductance generation factor (TGF), output conductance (gd), early voltage (Vea) and intrinsic gain (Av). From the simulations, it has been observed that placing spacers of dual-κ along the left and right sides of gate region has improved device performance in terms of output parameters. Due to increased gate capacitances, the increase in dielectric constant value has degraded the device performance for longer spacer extension length. However, for shorter spacer extension length, the device characteristics are improved as the value of dielectric constant is increased. Therefore a trade-off is required to get the optimum results of the device.