bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microencapsulation of Bifidobacterium longum 51A cells by spray drying and its incorporation in acerola (Malpighia emarginata) pulp powder
Authors: Costa Karen , Silva Luana S. , Kobori Cintia N. , da Silva Andreia M. , Nicoli Jacques R. 
Published: October 2021

SummaryMarket of functional foods grows intensely, such as of fruit juice containing probiotics. However, the survival of the microorganism can be compromised by the low pH of such matrix, and the way of minimizing this acid stress is the use of microencapsulation techniques such as by spray drying. In this study, three formulations were tested for the encapsulation of Bifidobacterium longum 51A, and the viability was evaluated during storage after the atomization process and after addition in acerola pulp powder. All formulations offered equivalent protection of the bifidobacteria just after microencapsulation. When microencapsulated cells were incorporated to acerola pulp powder, a higher protection for B. longum 51A viability was observed when cellulose acetate phthalate was used after 30 days of storage both at room temperature and refrigeration. Concluding, acerola pulp matrix can be used as an alternative vehicle for probiotic administration, even when stored at room temperature.
Chemical characteristics and volatile compounds profiles in different muscle part of the farmed hybrid catfish (Clarias macrocephalus × Clarias gariepinus)
Authors: Phetsang Hatairad , Panpipat Worawan , Panya Atikorn , Phonsatta Natthaporn , Cheong Ling‐Zhi , Chaijan Manat 
Published: October 2021

SummaryThe chemical characteristics and volatile compounds profiles in distinct anatomical sites of a farm‐raised hybrid catfish (Clarias macrocephalus × Clarias gariepinus) were investigated. Total haem proteins, trimethylamine‐nitrogen, TBARS, n‐9 oleic acid, n‐6 linoleic acid and total concentration of all volatile compounds were all higher in the lateral line with the maximum redness index (p < 0.05). Dorsal muscle lipid contained more eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid than the other two muscles (p < 0.05). Ventral muscle exhibited the highest fat content (p < 0.05) and was the only muscle discovered to have n‐3 linolenic acid. Geosmin and 2‐methylisoborneol (2‐MIB) were found in all three muscles. Despite the fact that 2‐MIB and geosmin are lipophilic compounds, their distribution was unaffected by fat content, with the highest levels in the lateral line (p < 0.05). Odour activity values (OAV) and sensory analyses revealed that not only 2‐MIB and geosmin but also (E)‐2‐nonenal and 1‐octen‐3‐ol, intensified the earthy and muddy odour in catfish muscles. The total off‐odour of catfish muscles was influenced by n‐9 oleic acid and n‐6 linoleic acid, according to the correlation analysis. The off‐odour compounds had a substantial negative connection with total n‐3 PUFA, as well as the irrelevance with fat content, according to this study.
Tax havens and international business: A conceptual framework of accountability‐avoiding foreign direct investment
Authors: Temouri Yama , Budhwar Pawan , Jones Chris , Ylönen Matti , Pereira Vijay , Cobham Alex 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBy taking an objective and scientific bibliometric analysis approach, this paper presents the first review of the extant knowledge base ontax havens. This analysis has guided us in developing an overarching theoretical framework that examines the determinants of the use of tax havens by multinational enterprises (MNEs). Based on our systematic review and theoretical framework, we were able to develop and introduce a new concept, calledaccountability‐avoiding FDI (foreign direct investment), which is distinct from the standard FDI motives identified in the international business (IB) literature. Our review also makes a contribution by explaining how various definitions, measurements, methodologies and categorizations of tax havens can lead to differing and mixed results. Given that the tax haven literature is of a cross‐disciplinary nature, we specifically make a case for how the IB community can make a stronger contribution to our understanding of tax haven activity and its ramifications. We conclude the paper with suggestions for the future research that IB and management scholars could pursue in order to contribute unique insights to the area of MNE strategy and the implications of tax haven investments for countries, various industries and the MNEs themselves.
Development and validation of the Professional Nursing Support Scale for Chinese patients with cancer
Authors: Song Yongxia , Wang Bingqing , Liu Shanshan , Tong Huanhuan , Hong Jingfang , Wang Wenru 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to develop and test the psychometric properties of a Professional Nursing Support Scale for patients with cancer in mainland China.MethodsThe study was conducted in two phases from January 2017 to January 2020. Phase I involved item generation and developing a preliminary version of Professional Nursing Support Scale through literature review, qualitative interviews, content validity evaluation and a pilot study. Phase II involved psychometric properties testing of the Professional Nursing Support Scale in 700 patients with cancer recruited from four public hospitals in Anhui Province, China.ResultsA 49‐item Professional Nursing Support Scale was finally developed. Exploratory factor analysis showed a four‐factor structure of the 49‐item Professional Nursing Support Scale, accounting for 56.95% of variance. Cronbach's α ranged from 0.91 to 0.94 for the four subscales. Confirmatory factor analysis further confirmed the best model fit of four‐factor structure of the Professional Nursing Support Scale. The Professional Nursing Support Scale also showed an acceptable concurrent validity with Supportive Care Needs Scale short form 34 (r = 0.75, p < 0.001) and Psychological Distress Thermometer (r = 0.39, p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe Professional Nursing Support Scale is a reliable and valid instrument to assess perceived needs of professional nursing support and support acquisition in relation to the care in Chinese patients with cancer.
Framing third places for universities' third mission – Field Configuring Events as collaborative learning and transfer formats
Authors: Lange Bastian 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe paper uses the heuristics of a spatial perspective of so‐called Field Configuring Events (FCE) to investigate the question of how these new educational and project‐related transfer and collaboration courses in higher education context can capture the fundamentally changed institutional role – often called “third mission” or transfer competencies – fostering regional development. In doing so, the paper applies the concept FCE to an empirical case and aims at reconsidering the conceptual perspectives of this concept. The conceptual goal is to further refine the heuristic FCE and to align it more appropriately to understand dynamic knowledge production as an expression of new temporary (micro‐) geographies.
Qualitative study of nuclear medicine physicians' perceptions of positron emission tomography/computed tomography in pregnant patients with cancer
Authors: R Di Ciaccio Pietro , Emmett Louise , Hamad Nada 
Published: October 2021

AbstractStaging using positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is standard of care in many cancers that occur most frequently in pregnancy, particularly lymphoma. While expert guidelines generally recommend against PET/CT in pregnant women, there is emerging evidence that likely absorbed foetal doses in pregnancy are relatively low, and as such in certain circumstances PET/CT may be acceptable when balancing benefit and risk. We conducted a qualitative survey of nuclear medicine physicians in Australia and New Zealand to assess practice and attitudes with respect to PET/CT in pregnancy women, finding that most respondents considered PET/CT in pregnancy may be an appropriate modality in carefully selected clinical contexts with appropriate modifications. It is important to continue to define the role of PET/CT in pregnancy into the future, particularly as this imaging modality has emerged as the standard of care in staging and response assessment for many cancers.
Reflections on pandemics and the 60th anniversary of the University of New South Wales Medical School
Authors: Isbister James P. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn March 1961 the University of New South Wales enrolled the first students into the new faculty of medicine that is now ranked 4th in Australia and 59th in the world. The author was fortunate to be a member of that pioneering group and looks back in gratitude to all the visionary and committed academics and mentors, who made this happen. Many of the foundation academics were fellows of the Royal Australasian College of Physicians, with two becoming University of New South Wales deans of medicine. One‐quarter of the foundation year's graduates became fellows of the college and the first PhD medical graduate, Professor John Chalmers AC, became president of the college.
Mental health nursing practice in rural and remote Canada: Insights from a national survey
Authors: MacLeod Martha L.P. , Penz Kelly L. , Banner Davina , Jahner Sharleen , Koren Irene , Thomlinson Alexandra , Moffitt Pertice , Labrecque Mary Ellen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAccess to and delivery of quality mental health services remains challenging in rural and remote Canada. To improve access, services, and support providers, improved understanding is needed about nurses who identify mental health as an area of practice. The aim of this study is to explore the characteristics and context of practice of registered nurses (RNs), licensed practical nurses (LPNs), and registered psychiatric nurses (RPNs) in rural and remote Canada, who provide care to those experiencing mental health concerns. Data were from a pan‐Canadian cross‐sectional survey of 3822 regulated nurses in rural and remote areas. Individual and work community characteristics, practice responsibilities, and workplace factors were analysed, along with responses to open‐ended questions. Few nurses identified mental health as their sole area of practice, with the majority of those being RPNs employed in mental health or crisis centres, and general or psychiatric hospitals. Nurses who indicated that mental health was only one area of their practice were predominantly employed as generalists, often working in both hospital and primary care settings. Both groups experienced moderate levels of job resources and demands. Over half of the nurses, particularly LPNs, had recently experienced and/or witnessed violence. Persons with mental health concerns in rural and remote Canada often receive care from those for whom mental health nursing is only part of their everyday practice. Practice and education supports tailored for generalist nurses are, therefore, essential, especially to support nurses in smaller communities, those at risk of violence, and those distant from advanced referral centres.
Pregnancy in women with Brugada syndrome: Is there an increased arrhythmia risk? A case‐series report
Authors: van der Crabben Saskia N. , Kowsoleea Astra I. E. , Clur Sally‐Ann B. , Wilde Arthur A. M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroductionIn some rare arrhythmia syndromes, arrhythmia risk in female patients increases during pregnancy, necessitating extra controls. We wanted to evaluate if the increased risk for arrhythmia during pregnancy applies in women with Brugada syndrome and their potentially affected fetuses.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was performed on PubMed (MeSH search terms “Brugada syndrome,” “pregnancy,” “parturition,” “labor,” “delivery,” “fetal death,” and “stillbirth”).ResultsOverall, six case reports with a total of six patients were identified. Of these six patients (three carriers of an SCN5A variant, three not tested), two women (both with unknown SCN5A status), developed severe cardiac events during pregnancy. The first patient, with a previous history of aborted sudden cardiac arrest at the age of 12 years, developed ventricular fibrillation (VF), while the other was diagnosed with Brugada syndrome postpartum because of nocturnal agonal respiration during pregnancy.ConclusionThese (limited, heterogenous) cases suggest that women with Brugada syndrome (and their possibly affected fetuses), might have an overall low tendency to develop arrhythmias during pregnancy, but important data on risk factors (SCN5A status) are lacking. Arrhythmia risk during pregnancy seems to increase in probands and those who have previously experienced cardiac events. We suggest the use of risk stratification in these women to improve patient care, lower the emotional stress and physical burden for the pregnant mother, and lower health costs. Furthermore, we plead for SCN5A analysis in all these women for use of risk stratification and to enable cascade screening especially for specialized care in children carrying an SCN5A mutation.
Diagnosis of hypertension: Ambulatory pediatric American Heart Association/European Society of Hypertension versus blood pressure load thresholds
Authors: Sharma Ajay P. , Altamirano‐Diaz Luis , Mohamed Ali Mohamed , Stronks Katryna , Kirpalani Amrit , Filler Guido , Norozi Kambiz 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe agreement between the traditionally‐used ambulatory blood pressure (ABP)‐load thresholds in children and recently‐recommended pediatric American Heart Association (AHA)/European Society of Hypertension (ESH) ABP thresholds for diagnosing ambulatory hypertension (AH), white coat hypertension (WCH), and masked hypertension (MH) has not been evaluated. In this cross‐sectional study on 450 outpatient participants, the authors evaluated the agreement between previously used ABP‐load 25%, 30%, 40%, 50% thresholds and the AHA/ESH thresholds for diagnosing AH, WCH, and MH. The American Academy of Pediatrics thresholds were used to diagnose office hypertension. The AHA threshold diagnosed ambulatory normotension/hypertension closest to ABP load 50% in 88% (95% CI 0.79, 0.96) participants (k 0.67, 95% CI 0.59, 0.75) and the ESH threshold diagnosed ambulatory normotension/hypertension closest to ABP load 40% in 86% (95% CI 0.77, 0.94) participants (k 0.66, 95% CI 0.59, 0.74). In contrast, the AHA/ESH thresholds had a relatively weaker agreement with ABP load 25%/30%. Therefore, the diagnosis of AH was closest between the AHA threshold and ABP load 50% (difference 3%, 95% CI ‐2.6%, 8.6%, p = .29) and between the ESH threshold and ABP load 40% (difference 4%, 95% CI ‐2.1%, 10.1%, p = .19) than between the AHA/ESH and ABP load 25%/30% thresholds. A similar agreement pattern persisted between the AHA/ESH and various ABP load thresholds for diagnosing WCH and MH. The AHA and ESH thresholds diagnosed AH, WCH, and MH closest to ABP load 40%/50% than ABP load 25%/30%. Future outcome‐based studies are needed to guide the optimal use of these ABP thresholds in clinical practice.
Live birth/parity number and the risk of incident hypertension among parous women during over 13 years of follow‐up
Authors: Moazzeni Seyyed Saeed , Asgari Samaneh , Azizi Fereidoun , Hadaegh Farzad 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe effect of live birth/parity number on incident hypertension was investigated among Iranian parous women aged 30–70 years. The study population included 2188 normotensive women who were enrolled in 1999–2001. They were followed for incident hypertension (based on JNC 7 report) by 3‐year intervals up to April 2018. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models, adjusted for a wide set of potential hypertension risk factors, reproductive factors, and pregnancy complications, were applied to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the number of parity/live birth(s) for incident hypertension. Additionally, as a sensitivity analysis, age‐scale Cox regression was also done. During a median follow‐up of 13.5 years, 935 incident hypertension have occurred. Compared to those with two live births, the participants who had 3 and ≥4 live births were at higher risk of hypertension development by the HRs of 1.25 [95% CI: 1.02–1.55] and 1.39 [1.12–1.72], respectively, in the full‐adjusted model. Moreover, each additional live birth increased the risk of hypertension by a HR of 1.06 [95%CI: 1.02–1.11]. Results of parity number were also similar. Considering age as time scale also did not change the results generally. The authors found a significant interaction between live birth/parity number and age groups; the adverse effect of higher live birth/parity numbers on hypertension development was mainly found among those aged < 50 years. To sum up, compared to the live birth/parity number of two, Iranian women with ≥3 live birth/parity had a higher risk of incident hypertension; the issue was more prominent among younger mothers.
Assessment of the effects of a hair lotion in women with acute telogen effluvium: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Turlier V. , Darde M.‐S. , Loustau J. , Mengeaud V. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundTelogen effluvium is a hair loss disorder occurring about 3 months after a triggering event. The acute form impairs quality of life, but spontaneous recovery usually begins 3–6 months after identification and elimination of the cause, with complete recovery taking around 12 months.ObjectivesTo investigate the effectiveness and safety of a hair lotion containing creatine, acetyl tetrapeptide‐2 and B vitamins for reducing hair loss in acute telogen effluvium.MethodsIn this open, randomized, controlled study (NCT04652232), women with acute telogen effluvium from two clinical centres were randomly allocated to receive either the lotion and a mild shampoo (intervention group), or the mild shampoo alone (controls). Hair growth parameters and hair loss were measured from phototrichograms at weeks (W) 1, 4, 8 and 16, and through investigator assessments of standardized photographs at W1 and W16. The primary criterion was the change in anagen to telogen (A/T) ratio between W1 and W16.ResultsOne hundred women (aged 19–50 years) were included (intervention group, N = 51; controls, N = 49). Compared to baseline, the A/T ratio was higher at W16 in both groups and was significantly higher at both W4 and W8 in the intervention group, compared to only at W8 in controls. Significant decreases in telogen hair density were seen at all time points in the intervention group, compared to only at W16 in controls, and the between‐group difference was significant at W8 (P = 0.0465). A larger reduction in the total number of hairs shed was observed at W8 in the intervention group (P = 0.0392). Investigator‐assessed scores showed improvements in hair density for the intervention group. Global tolerance of the lotion was excellent.ConclusionsThe lotion tested had a significant impact on hair loss in women with acute telogen effluvium and appeared to accelerate recovery from this condition.
Understanding the role of informal caregivers in postoperative care transitions for older patients
Authors: Sokas Claire M. , Hu Frances Y. , Dalton Michael K. , Jarman Molly P. , Bernacki Rachelle E. , Bader Angela , Rosenthal Ronnie A. , Cooper Zara 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundOlder adults may have new care needs and functional limitations after surgery. Many rely on informal caregivers (unpaid family or friends) after discharge but the extent of informal support is unknown. We sought to examine the role of informal postoperative caregiving on transitions of care for older adults undergoing routine surgical procedures.Materials and methodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study using ACS NSQIP Geriatric Pilot Project data, 2014–2018. Patients were ≥65 years and underwent an inpatient surgical procedure. Patients who lived at home alone were compared with those who lived with support from informal caregivers (family and/or friends). Primary outcomes were discharge destination (home vs. post‐acute care) and readmission within 30 days. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the association between support at home, discharge destination, and readmission.ResultsOf 18,494 patients, 25% lived alone before surgery. There was no difference in loss of independence (decline in functional status or new use of mobility aid) after surgery between patients who lived alone or with others (18.7% vs. 19.5%, p = 0.24). Nevertheless, twice as many patients who lived alone were discharged to a non‐home location (10.2% vs. 5.1%; OR: 2.24, CI: 1.93–2.56). Patients who lived alone and were discharged home with new informal caregivers had increased odds of readmission (OR: 1.43, CI: 1.09–1.86).ConclusionLiving alone independently predicts discharge to post‐acute care, and patients who received new informal caregiver support at home have higher odds of readmission. These findings highlight opportunities to improve discharge planning and care.
Establishing Medicaid incentives for liberating nursing home patients from ventilators
Authors: Keohane Laura M. , Mart Matthew F. , Ely E. Wesley , Lai Pikki , Cheng Audrey , Makam Anil N. , Stevenson David G. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundChronic ventilator use in Tennessee nursing homes surged following 2010 increases in respiratory care payment rates. Tennessee's Medicaid program implemented multiple policies between 2014 and 2017 to promote ventilator liberation in 11 nursing homes, including quality reporting, on‐site monitoring, and pay‐for‐performance incentives.MethodsUsing repeated cross‐sectional analysis of Medicare and Medicaid nursing home claims (2011–2017), hospital discharge records (2010–2017), and nursing home quality reports (2015–2017), we examined how service use changed as Tennessee implemented policies designed to promote ventilator liberation in nursing homes. We measured the annual number of nursing home patients with ventilator‐related service use; discharge destination of ventilated inpatients and percent of nursing home patients liberated from ventilators.ResultsBetween 2011 and 2014, the number of Medicare SNF and Medicaid nursing home patients with ventilator use increased more than sixfold. Among inpatients with prolonged mechanical ventilation, discharges to home decreased as discharges to nursing homes increased.As Tennessee implemented policy changes, ventilator‐related service use moderately declined in nursing homes from a peak of 198 ventilated Medicare SNF patients in 2014 to 125 in 2017 and from 182 Medicaid patients with chronic ventilator use in 2014 to 145 patients in 2017. Nursing home weaning rates peaked at 49%–52% in 2015 and 2016, but declined to 26% by late 2017. Median number of days from admission to wean declined from 81 to 37 days.ConclusionsThis value‐based approach demonstrates the importance of designing payment models that target key patient outcomes like ventilator liberation.