bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic evaluation of lactation persistency in the Gyr breed by using a two-trait random regression model
Authors: González-Herrera L. G. , Pereira R. J. , El Faro L. , Albuquerque L. G. 
Published: November 2021

Context Lactation persistency (LP) is an economically important characteristic to include in the selection objectives of the Gyr breed. Two persistency measures were tested to establish their contribution to the genetic evaluation of milk production in this genotype. The second measure of persistency studied would be the more appropriate measure to use in the genetic evaluation of lactation persistency. Aim The aim of this work was to study LP in Gyr cows by using a random regression model (RRM) in two-trait analysis. Methods Test-day milk yields (TDMY) of the first two lactations of Gyr cows were analysed. RRM was performed by Bayesian inference using the GIBBS3F90 program. Fourth-order Legendre polynomials were used to describe the random additive genetic and permanent environmental effects of the animal. The fixed effects included in the model were contemporary group and, as covariates, age of cow at calving and the regression function according to the TDMY class of lactation as the average trajectories of lactation curve, distinguished by calving order. Two persistency measures (PSi, i.e. PS1 and PS2) were used in the analyses. Rank correlations were calculated between the predicted breeding values for PSi, 305-day lactation milk yield (MY305), and the regression coefficients a0 and a1, to determine the percentage of matching animals between rankings when different selection intensities are applied on the basis of the ranking for MY305. Key results The heritability estimates for PS1, PS2 and for MY305 were 0.19, 0.12 and 0.41 respectively, in the first lactation, and 0.43, 0.27 and 0.38 in the second lactation. The genetic correlation between MY305 and PS1 was negative and of low magnitude. The rank correlation between breeding values for PSi, obtained for bulls with at least five daughters with production records, was higher than 0.80 in the two lactation periods. Conclusions The results indicated that PS2 is the more suitable of the two persistency measures used in this work, for inclusion in genetic evaluations of lactation persistency in Brazilian Gyr cows. Implications PS2 must be included as a selection criteria in a breeding program for the Gyr breed.
A pilot study exploring sexual health clinician confidence and barriers to anal examination and proctoscopy in men who have sex with men
Authors: Hughes Richard , Fitzpatrick Colin , Nichols Kayleigh , Devlin John , Richardson Daniel 
Published: November 2021

Anal examination and proctoscopy are important skills needed to facilitate the diagnoses of STIs and cancer. Clinician (25 doctors/15 nurses) confidence was higher for anal examination versus proctoscopy (median Likert scores 4/5 vs 5/5, P ≤ 0.05) and higher in doctors compared with nurses (median Likert scores 5/5 vs 4/5, P < 0.008, 4/5 vs 2/5, P < 0.005), and related to years of experience (5/5 vs 4/5, P < 0.001, 3/5 vs 5/5, P = 0.007). Barriers included lack of opportunities for training, concerns about patient reluctance, and lack of available equipment. We need to be innovative when up-skilling the specialist sexual health workforce using online training and optimising opportunities for clinical assessment of MSM.
Community-supported agriculture (CSA): Significance and prospects for growth for individuals, communities, and food systems
Authors: Mert-Cakal T. , Miele M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Community-supported agriculture (CSA) is an alternative way of supplying food based on direct interaction between producers and consumers. As an alternative food network (AFN) and a form of civic agriculture, it is considered a more sustainable way of food production and consumption compared to the conventional food system. The number of CSA initiatives has been increasing in the last few decades worldwide parallel to growing scholarly debates about its usefulness, viability and potential. This article contributes to the review of the following: The impacts of CSA on individuals and communities, including motives for involvement and benefits received; the impacts of CSA on food systems, particularly on sustainability; and the barriers and opportunities for CSA growth. We conclude that CSA addresses the needs for sustainable and ecologically sound food and contributes to community building by reconnecting urban and rural places and people with their food. It is also an active position against the unsustainable dominant food systems and shows a different way of caring for the planet and the people. However, in order to grow, CSA needs to overcome certain barriers, namely financial difficulties, unrealistic member expectations and the need for social justice by providing livelihoods for the farmers and becoming more inclusive in terms of race, income and gender. The COVID-19 crisis presented an opportunity for CSA to become more effective as the CSA initiatives demonstrated resilience during lockdowns and the demand for their products increased.
Frontiers in data analysis methods: from causality detection to data driven experimental design
Authors: Murari A , Peluso E , Craciunescu T , Dormido-Canto S , Lungaroni M , Rossi R , Spolladore L , Vega J , Gelfusa M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
On the route to the commercial reactor, the experiments in magnetical confinement nuclear fusion have become increasingly complex and they tend to produce huge amounts of data. New analysis tools have therefore become indispensable, to fully exploit the information generated by the most relevant devices, which are nowadays very expensive to both build and operate. The paper presents a series of innovative tools to cover the main aspects of any scientific investigation. Causality detection techniques can help identify the right causes of phenomena and can become very useful in the optimisation of synchronisation experiments, such as the pacing of sawteeth instabilities with ion cyclotron radiofrequency heating modulation. Data driven theory is meant to go beyond traditional machine learning tools, to provide interpretable and physically meaningful models. The application to very severe problems for the tokamak configuration, such as disruptions, could help not only in understanding the physics but also in extrapolating the solutions to the next generation of devices. A specific methodology has also been developed to support the design of new experiments, proving that the same progress in the derivation of empirical models could be achieved with a significantly reduced number of discharges.
Kinetic simulations of collision-less plasmas in open magnetic geometries
*
Authors: Kumar Atul , Caneses Marin Juan F 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Laboratory plasmas in open magnetic geometries can be found in many different applications such as (a) scrape-of-layer (SOL) and divertor regions in toroidal confinement fusion devices, (b) linear divertor simulators, (c) plasma-based thrusters and (d) magnetic mirrors etc. A common feature of these plasma systems is the need to resolve, in addition to velocity space, at least one physical dimension (e.g. along flux lines) to capture the relevant physics. In general, this requires a kinetic treatment. Fully kinetic particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations can be applied but at the expense of large computational effort. A common way to resolve this is to use a hybrid approach: kinetic ions and fluid electrons. In the present work, the development of a hybrid PIC computational tool suitable for open magnetic geometries is described which includes (a) the effect of non-uniform magnetic fields, (b) finite fully-absorbing boundaries for the particles and (c) volumetric particle sources. Analytical expressions for the momentum transport in the paraxial limit are presented with their underlying assumptions and are used to validate the results from the PIC simulations. A general method is described to construct discrete particle distribution functions in a state of mirror-equilibrium. This method is used to obtain the initial state for the PIC simulation. Collisionless simulations in a mirror geometry are performed. The results show that the effect of magnetic compression is correctly described and momentum is conserved. The self-consistent electric field is calculated and is shown to modify the ion velocity distribution function in a manner consistent with analytic theory. Based on this analysis, the ion distribution function is understood in terms of a loss-cone distribution and an isotropic Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution driven by a volumetric plasma source. Finally, the inclusion of a Monte Carlo based Fokker-Planck collision operator is discussed in the context of future work.
Exploring hot and dense QCD matter with HADES
Authors: Kornakov Georgy 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Experiments at snn

s

NN

=
2
−
3

3 GeV provide the lowest energy point of the global effort made by the heavy-ion community in order to map the QCD phase diagram. This correspond to the highest baryon chemical potential, 700-900 MeV according to the universal freeze-out curve, and temperatures of the fireball of 60-80 MeV. The formed matter can be characterized in terms of particle spectra, fluctuations and correlations. The dilepton spectrum is dominated by thermal emission from the medium and it is sensitive to in medium hadron properties. Strangeness production occurs below the free nucleon-nucleon threshold and it is a sensitive probe to test models of strangeness propagation in matter and its coupling to baryons. Data show a common scaling of measured yields as a function of number of participating nucleons independently on the strangeness content or mass of the hadron. Strangeness propagation in cold nuclear matter produced in pion induced reactions on heavy and light targets shows a significant absorption of negative kaons in heavy targets as well as a similar behaviour of ϕ indicating a strong coupling of ϕ with nucleons. Two-pion correlations, flow harmonics, fluctuations are explored as well in order to further pin down the properties of the created matter.
Lifetime measurement around 132Sn with the ν-Ball array
Authors: Häfner G , Lozeva R , Blazhev A , Canavan R L , Etasse D , Jolie J , Jovancevic N , Gerst R B , Kröll Th , Lebois M , Regan P H , Rudigier M , Thisse D , Warr N , Wilson J N 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Neutron-rich nuclei were studied after fast neutron-induced fission of 238U and 232Th at the ALTO facility in Orsay, France. The neutrons were produced with the LICORNE directional neutron source using a pulsed 7Li beam provided by the Tandem accelerator. The actinide targets were surrounded by the ν-Ball array to measure the de-excitation of fission fragments. The ν-Ball array is a hybrid spectrometer which consists of HPGe detectors (equipped with BGO shielding) and LaBr3(Ce) scintillation detectors allowing for high-resolution γ-ray spectroscopy and lifetime measurements in the ns/sub-ns range. This contribution presents preliminary results on 134Te and 137I populated in the 238U(n,f) reaction.
Photoproduction of the Λ(1520) hyperon with a 9 GeV photon beam at GlueX
Authors: Pauli Peter 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The GlueX experiment is located at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab) in Newport News, VA, USA. It features a hermetic 4π detector with excellent tracking and calorimetry capabilities. Its 9 GeV linearly polarized photon beam is produced from the 12 GeV electron beam, delivered by JLab’s Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF), via bremsstrahlung on a thin diamond and is incident on a LH2 target. GlueX recently finished its first data taking period and published first results.
The main goal of GlueX is to measure gluonic excitations of mesons. These so-called hybrid or exotic mesons are predicted by Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) but haven’t been experimentally confirmed yet. They can have quantum numbers not accessible by ordinary quark-antiquark pairs which helps in identifying them using partial wave analysis techniques. The search for exotic mesons requires a very good understanding of photoproduction processes in a wide range of final states, one of them being pK
+
K
− which contains many meson and baryon reactions. The Λ(1520) is a prominent hyperon resonance in this final state and is the subject of this presentation.
This talk will give an introduction to the GlueX experiment and show preliminary results for the photoproduction of the Λ(1520) hyperon. The measurement of important observables like the photon beam asymmetry and spin-density matrix elements will be discussed and an outlook to possible measurements of further hyperon states in the pK
+
K
− final state will be given.
Extraction of

ALUsin(ϕ)

moments from the hard exclusive π+ channel in a wide range of kinematics with CLAS
Authors: Diehl Stefan , Joo Kyungseon 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The beam-spin asymmetry (BSA) has been measured for the hard exclusive e p → e n π+ reaction over a wide range of kinematics in the deep inelastic regime. The measurements were performed with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) using a 5.5 GeV polarized electron beam at Jefferson Lab (JLAB). The ϕ dependence of the BSA as well as the −t, Q
2 and xB
dependence of the extracted ALU
sin(ϕ) moment will be presented. For ALU
sin(ϕ) a clear sign change can be observed between pions emitted in forward and backward direction with a smooth transition around 90° in CM. The results will be discussed in the context of formalisms depending on generalized parton distributions (GPDs) and transition distribution amplitudes (TDAs), which can be used to describe complementary kinematic regimes.
Studying neutron structure at Jefferson Lab through electron scattering off the deuteron, using CLAS12 and the Central Neutron Detector
Authors: Naidoo Paul , Sokhan Daria , Chatagnon Pierre , Niccolai Silvia , Price Katheryne 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Generalised Parton Distributions (GPDs) offer a way of imaging nucleons through 3D tomography. They can be accessed experimentally in processes such as Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS) and Deeply Virtual Meson Production (DVMP), where a high energy electron scatters from a quark inside a nucleon and a high energy photon or meson is produced as a result. Jefferson Lab has recently completed its energy upgrade and Hall B houses the new, large-acceptance CLAS12 detector array optimised for measurements of DVCS and DVMP in the newly accessible kinematic regime. Measurements on the proton and neutron are complementary and both are necessary to facilitate access to the full set of GPDs and enable their flavour separation. Neutron DVCS and DVMP are possible with the use of a deuteron target – the first CLAS12 experiment with which has started taking data this year. To enable exclusive reconstruction of DVCS and neutral-meson DVMP, a dedicated detector for recoiling neutrons – the Central Neutron Detector (CND) – was integrated into CLAS12. We present the first CLAS12 deuteron-target experiment, with a focus on the performance of the CND.
IAEA activities in support of nuclear physics research and applications
Authors: Ridikas D 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Facilitation of development and promotion of nuclear applications for peaceful purposes and related capacity building are among the IAEA missions where Physics Section contributes most. The relevant activities fall under the IAEA’s program ‘nuclear science’ and cover four main thematic areas: applications of particle accelerators, sustainable utilization of research reactors, controlled fusion research and technology, and nuclear instrumentation. The Section also operates the Nuclear Science and Instrumentation Laboratory (NSIL) at Seibersdorf, located approximately 40 km south of Vienna. NSIL’s primary mission is to assist IAEA Member States to establish, operate and maintain various nuclear instrumentation and spectrometry-based techniques in support of a wide range of applications such as materials This paper will illustrate through a number of selected examples how the IAEA supports nuclear physics research and diverse applications in order to address key development priorities in many areas of societal importance and economic growth of the developing countries. In addition, some future plans on enhancing capabilities of the Nuclear Science and Instrumentation Laboratory as part of Physics Section will be highlighted, in particular by establishment of the neutron science facility and considerations for a compact ion beam accelerator.
An Analysis of Vibration Reduction Design on the Bicycle Frame Based on Multi-Body Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Arifin A , Tsai T M , Siswanto I 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In recent years, the awareness of environmental protection has risen, and modern people’s quality of life has improved. Bicycles are no longer just general transportation and carrying tools, but evolved into the need to emphasize comfortable riding, energy-saving and carbon reduction, and physical fitness. In this study, the different vehicle-to-weight ratio and road bumpiness before and after designing the bicycle frame’s damping and stiffness parameters were considered. The simulation results designate that the seat acceleration in both the y and z-axis is adequate constant, and the seat velocity gradually increases, whereas the vertical seat displacement of damped has significantly reduced compared with undamped.
Study on characteristics and source of tight gas in the Shahezi formation, Xujiaweizi Fault Depression, Songliao Basin, China
Authors: Xue Wang , Bo Chi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The Xujiaweizi fault depression is rich in natural gas resources in Lower Cretaceous and a major fault depression of the deep strata in northern Songliao Basin. In this study, the tight gas is coaliferous gas in the K1sh Formation of the Xujiaweizi Fault Depression. The methane carbon isotope value of tight gas is controlled by mature evolution. The cause of reversed sequence and partially reversed sequence of gas components carbon isotope is carbon isotope fractionation with hydrocarbon generation evolution of high-overmature stage source rock. The carbon isotope values of the low content components are obviously lighter with the increase of buried depth at the late stage of mature evolution. The carbon isotope values of adsorbed gas show similar characteristics, whether mudstone, carbargilite or coal in the same well. The tight gas reservoir is self-generation and self-accumulation gas reservoir by vertical diffusion and short distance migration in the K1sh Formation of the Xujiaweizi Fault Depression. It is important to study on the geochemical characteristics and the genesis of tight gas for guiding the exploration and deployment in the future.
Evaluation of water resources carrying capacity of major industries in northwest of China: A case study of textile industry in Aksu, Xinjiang Province, China
Authors: Zhao L Y , Zhu M M , Niu W L , Xia M H , Gao W L , Sun G 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
With the implementation of the “Belt and Road Initiative”, the north-western region of China is welcoming a new development opportunity. Textile industry is a vital industry for people’s livelihood in Xinjiang, which plays an important role in promoting the development of related industries, stimulating the growth of domestic demand, increasing the capacity and level of employment, and promoting social harmony. However, the spatial and temporal distribution of water resources in Xinjiang is extremely uneven, the contradiction between water resources shortage with economic and social development is increasingly prominent. This paper aims to figure out the pressure degree on water resources with the development of textile industry, propose the countermeasures of water saving and pollution reduction in textile industry, by using the osculating value method model to evaluate the water resources carrying capacity (WRCC) of Aksu’s textile industry. Results indicates that the water resources carrying capacity in the study area was overload in 2015, the water consumption of textile industry and the agricultural irrigation were the dominant factors caused a situation of an overloaded water resources carrying capacity. Beside government issues policies to limit water resources consumption and sewage permit system, the optimal measure for reversing this situation is to adopt advanced technologies in water conservation and pollution control in textile industry and new water-saving technology of agriculture irrigation.
Study on a New Exploration Field in Tamchag Basin
Authors: Jiang Hongfu , Liu Li , Chen Wei 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Based on seismic, geological, logging and mud logging data, the seismic reflection, electrical, sedimentary and production characteristics of Tongbomiao formation and Nantun formation in a depression are compared, and a set of horizons above Tongbomiao formation in a depression are studied. The results show that the original Tongbomiao formation is actually the fourth oil formation of the first member of Nantun Formation. It is a slope fan sedimentary system overlying the Tongbomiao formation and is a lithologic reservoir. This set of strata is mainly distributed in the steep slope break zone of the basement uplift area. Because it is the same strong reflection axis as Tongbomiao strata in the earthquake, it is difficult to distinguish them. It has been mistaken for Tongbomiao strata for a long time. The re-recognition of this set of reservoirs is of great significance for searching for lithologic reservoirs, tapping the remaining potential of the developed fault block structures at low positions and improving the effect of water injection development.
Technical Efficiency Of Upland and Downland Rice Farming In Border Area using MLE Frontier Production
Authors: Jumiati E , Sulistyo A , Machmuddin N , Jafar R 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The background research was Indonesianagriculture development towards food sovereignty. Rice is the main food crop everywhere in Indonesia including in the border area. The isgeographical constrains on the fulfillment of farming input and the position of the research location makes this research necessary. The technical efficiency of upland and downland rice farming was estimated using MLE frontier production. The result showed that the level of the obtained technical efficiency for upland and downland rice farming was varying between 23%-99% and 88%-99%, respectively. Moreover, it was found that the influencing factors of technical efficiency were farm size, seed, herbicide, and labor.