bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is the Use of Opioids Safe after Primary Cleft Palate Repair? A Systematic Review
Authors: Rossell-Perry Percy , Romero-Narvaez Carolina , Rojas-Sandoval Ruth , Gomez-Henao Paula , Delgado-Jimenez Maria Pia , Marca-Ticona Renato 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Pharmacologic treatment of postoperative pain after cleft palate repair includes opioids and nonopioid analgesics, nerve blocks, and local anesthetic infiltration. Use of opioids in infants has concerns regarding sedation, risk of aspiration, respiratory depression, and respiratory distress. The main objective of this review was to analyze information available on the safety of the use of opioids during perioperative management of pain related to primary cleft palate repair in published studies.

Methods:
A systematic review of the literature for studies published until March 2020 was performed to evaluate the safety of opioid drugs during primary cleft palate repair pain management. The authors chose the following MesH terms for this systematic review: cleft lip and palate AND opioids AND pain management. The investigators performed a systematic literature search using the Pubmed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases.

Results:
After a literature search resulting in 70 identified studies, 9 were qualified for the final analysis, which included 772 patients. There was a high level of evidence in the selected studies according to the Oxford CEBM Level of Evidence classification and GRADE scale. The most common adverse event reported was postoperative nausea and vomiting (from 5% to 25%). Episodes of oxygen desaturation have been reported from 2.5% to 7.4% of the studied patients.

Conclusion
s: Definitive conclusions about the safety of opioid drugs during primary cleft palate repair pain management cannot be drawn. Vomiting and oxygen desaturation have been associated with the use of opioids in the studied population.
Systematic Review of Tissue Expansion: Utilization in Non-breast Applications
Authors: Langdell Hannah C. , Taskindoust Mahsa , Levites Heather A. , Mateas Catalin , Sergesketter Amanda R. , Kaplan Samantha J. , Marcus Jeffrey R. , Erdmann Detlev 
Published: January 2021

Background:Tissue expansion is a versatile reconstructive technique providing well-vascularized local tissue. The current literature focuses largely on tissue expansion for breast reconstruction and in the context of burn and pediatric skin/soft tissue replacement; however, less traditional applications are also prevalent. The aim of this study was to systematically review the utilization of tissue expansion in such less well-characterized circumstances.Methods:The authors conducted a systematic review of all publications describing non-breast applications of tissue expansion. Variables regarding expander specifications, expansion process, and complications were collected and further analyzed.Results:A total of 565 publications were identified. Of these, 166 publications described tissue expansion for “less traditional” indications, which fell into 5 categories: ear reconstruction, cranioplasty, abdominal wall reconstruction, orthopedic procedures, and genital (penile/scrotal and vaginal/vulva) reconstruction. While lower extremity expansion is known to have high complication rates, tissue expander failure, infection, and exposure rates were in fact highest for penile/scrotal (failure: 18.5%; infection: 15.5%; exposure: 12.5%) and vaginal/vulva (failure: 20.6%; infection: 10.3%; exposure: 6.9%) reconstruction.Conclusions:Tissue expansion enables index operations by providing additional skin before definitive reconstruction. Tissue expanders are a valuable option along the reconstructive ladder because they obviate the need for free tissue transfer. Although tissue expansion comes with inherent risk, aggregate outcome failures of the final reconstruction are similar to published rates of complications without pre-expansion. Thus, although tissue expansion requires a staged approach, it remains a valuable option in facilitating a variety of reconstructive procedures.
Quantification of tumor virulence based upon competition between dissimilar subcultured cancer cell lines
Authors: Weintraub Philip 
Published: January 2021

Purpose:
A direct quantitative metric that represents the intrinsic virulent properties of a particular tumor is absent, and the development of such a numeric modifier would balance the disproportionate weight of qualitative elements that presently monopolize the nomenclature of cancer. To address this shortcoming, an in vitro model was developed to study the competitive nature of dissimilar cancer cell lines.

Methods:
A prospective series of surgically excised and pathologically confirmed malignant tumors were separated from their adherent state and subcultured according to international standards. After a total of 7 different tumor cell lines were established, each cell line was paired with a dissimilar cancer cell line, and by using all possible combinations, a total of 21 unique tumor pairs were assessed over 7 days after plating on diametrically opposed sections of gridded Petri dishes containing enriched growth medium. Each dish was then examined for changes in tumor cell position on the grid, and a scoring system was established that awarded points for aggressive behaviors.

Results:
Ovarian cancer, lymphoma, and lung cancers demonstrated overall dominance, with wins in at least 2/3 of their matches. Breast and kidney cancers were intermediate in performance, and gastric and colon cancers were subordinate in the majority of their matches.

Discussion:
This pilot experiment revealed that intercellular competition exists between previously untreated, subcultured, and dissimilar tumor cells in this in vitro assay. Moreover, such intercellular competition and the unilateral dominance of specific cancer tissue types have not been previously reported in the literature.
Surgical management of intertumor abscesses caused by fistulous communications with the intestine: rare complication in pediatric malignant tumor: 2 case reports
Authors: Kawakubo Naonori , Hishiki Tomoro , Shirakawa Nami , Arakawa Ayumu , Sugawara Shunsuke , Sone Miyuki , Arai Yasuaki , Ogawa Chitose , Shimada Kazuaki 
Published: January 2021

Rationale:
Unresectable abdominal tumors cause various complications, and fistulizaton with intestine is a rare but serious complication. We report this condition in 2 cases.

Patient Concerns:
The first case was that of a 14-year-old male patient who had a desmoid tumor and the second case was that of a 17-year-old female patient with a recurrent malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor. They were admitted with a giant chemo-resistant tumor that was gradually growing and causing abdominal pain.

Diagnoses:
They were diagnosed with intertumor abscesses caused by fistulous communications with the intestine.

Interventions:
Both the patients underwent percutaneous drainage, and after being stabilized, they underwent surgery.

Outcomes:
The patient with desmoid tumor was continuing his daily routine without any problem. The patient with malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor was able to consume food orally and discharged after the surgery.

Lessons:
In the treatment of abdominal intratumor abscesses caused by fistulous communications with intestine, it is necessary to consider the optimal treatment strategies based on the tumor location and patient prognosis.
Intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome: a current review
Authors: Kimball Edward J. 
Published: January 2021

Purpose of review
Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and its deleterious effects are present in at least one-third of ICU patients. Increased recognition of IAH has led to significant reduction in the incidence of abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS). Many questions remain regarding what therapeutic interventions truly reduce morbidity and mortality associated with IAH/ACS. Recent research sheds new light on the effects of IAH in individual organ systems and unique disease states. This paper will review recent research in IAH/ACS recognition, treatment, and management.

Recent findings
Recent research on IAH/ACS includes an improved understanding of the prevalence of IAH/ACS and confirmation of its independent association with organ failure. Specifically, new research adds clarity to the effects of IAH/ACS on individual organ systems and specific disease states. These results combine to improve the clinical ability to diagnose, monitor, and treat IAH/ACS.

Summary
There is significant research on the broad impact of IAH/ACS in the ICU setting. Focus on IAH/ACS has gone beyond the purview of intensivists and surgeons to include outstanding work by specialists in multiple sub-specialties. These advances have generated improvements in current treatment algorithms. We review recent IAH/ACS literature and have categorized the most pertinent results into organ system-specific contributions.
Electroacupuncture in treatment of Parkinson disease
Authors: Gai Cong , Qiang Tianyao , Zhang Yuxin , Chai Yuan , Feng Wandi , Sun Hongmei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background:
Parkinson disease (PD) is a worldwide spread neurodegenerative disorder. Dopamine replacement therapy is currently the mainstream treatment, which can alleviate the symptoms but induces motor complications. Electroacupuncture (EA) is beneficial for PD as an alternative medicine. However, few reliable clinical trials or objective systematic reviews are available to give a verdict on the effectiveness of EA in the treatment of PD. Thus, we evaluate the evidence for EA in PD patients by conducting this meta-analysis.

Methods:
PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Scientific and Technology Journal database, WanFang Digital Periodicals, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (SinoMed) will be systematically searched for evidence by 2 authors individually. The analysis will be conducted by RevMan 5.3 software according to Cochrane Handbook.

Results:
The efficacy and safety of EA for PD will be comprehensively assessed from the outcomes, including the effectiveness rate, scores of Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale, and Webster scale, superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxides, and dopamine content.

Conclusion:
This systematic review will provide evidence for whether EA can treatment PD.

Registration information:
PROSPERO CRD42019120956.
Evaluation of hydrogen peroxide-assisted endoscopic ultrasonography-guided necrosectomy in walled-off pancreatic necrosis
Authors: Günay Süleyman , Paköz Betül , Çekiç Cem , Çamyar Hakan , Alper Emrah , Yüksel Elif Saritaş , Topal Firdevs , Binicier Ömer Burcak 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide is a liquid that functions in mechanical removal of the necrotic tissue via the elimination of tissue debris.
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of hydrogen peroxide in necrosectomy treatment of walled-off pancreatic necrosis.
Records of 24 patients who were diagnosed with pancreatic necrosis or walled-off pancreatic necrosis and underwent endoscopic necrosectomy (EN) were retrospectively assessed. Patients were divided into 2 groups; hydrogen peroxide used for treatment or not used, and these 2 groups were compared.
A total of 24 patients underwent endoscopic intervention for walled-off pancreatic necrosis. Procedural success was comparable between the 2 groups. During the post-procedural follow-up, the duration of the hospital stay, recurrence, and complication rates were found to be similar in both groups. The mean number of the endoscopic interventions was significantly lower in the hydrogen peroxide group (4.2 ± 1.4 vs 6.1 ± 4.2; P = .01).
The use of hydrogen peroxide for EN in walled-off pancreatic necrosis patients seems to have similar efficiency and safety. However, it can be said that the use of hydrogen peroxide could reduce the number of endoscopic procedures.
Low G0S2 gene expression levels in peripheral blood may be a genetic marker of acute myocardial infarction in patients with stable coronary atherosclerotic disease
Authors: Wang Xue , Meng Heyu , Ruan Jianjun , Chen Weiwei , Meng Fanbo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background:
The G0/G1 switch 2 (G0S2) gene is closely related to lipolysis, cell proliferation, apoptosis, oxidative phosphorylation, and the development of a variety of tumors. The aim of the present study was to expand the sample size to confirm the relationship between the expression of the G0S2 gene in peripheral blood and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) based on previous gene chip results.

Methods:
Three hundred patients were initially selected, of which 133 were excluded in accordance with the exclusion criteria. Peripheral blood leukocytes were collected from 92 patients with AMI and 75 patients with stable coronary atherosclerotic disease (CAD). mRNA expression levels of G0S2 in peripheral blood leukocytes was measured by RT-PCR, and protein expression levels by Western blot analysis. The results of these assays in the 2 groups were compared.

Results:
mRNA expression levels of GOS2 in the peripheral blood leukocytes of patients with AMI were 0.41-fold lower than those of patients with stable CAD (P < .05), and GOS2 protein expression levels were 0.45-fold lower. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that low expression levels of the G0S2 gene increased the risk of AMI by 2.08-fold in stable CAD patients.

Conclusions:
G0S2 gene expression in the peripheral blood leukocytes of AMI patients was lower than that of stable CAD patients. Low G0S2 gene expression in peripheral blood leukocytes is an independent risk factor for AMI in stable CAD patients.
Keratinized mucosa augmentation guided by double xenogeneic collagen matrix membranes around implants in the posterior mandible
Authors: Han Chunyu , Cai Qing , Li Baosheng , Li Yuyang , Liu Yanqun , Yu Haina , He Mengxiao , Meng Weiyan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Traditional free gingival graft (FGG) technique is usually used for patients with insufficient peri-implant keratinized mucosa. However, this technique often requires a second surgical area which increases the pain as well as the risk of infection in patients. Xenogeneic collagen matrix (XCM) membrane technique can obtain good results for keratinized mucosa increment.

Patient concerns:
The patient was a 66-year-old healthy female with loss of left mandibular first molar and second molar (FDI #36, #37) for 5 years. Two implants were placed submucosally for 3 months with no interference, while a stage II surgery was needed.

Diagnosis:
Probing depth measurements suggested that the mesial, medial, and distal widths of buccal keratinized mucosa within the edentulous area were 0.5, 0.5, and 1 mm, respectively, which were insufficient to maintain the health of peri-implant tissues.

Interventions:
Keratinized mucosa augmentation guided by XCM membranes was performed to increase the inadequate buccal keratinized mucosa.

Outcomes:
After 2 months of healing, the widths of mesial, medial, and distal buccal keratinized mucosa were 4, 3, and 3 mm, respectively, and the thickness of the augmented mucosa was 4 mm. Then a stage II surgery was followed. The patient was satisfied with the outcomes of keratinized mucosa augmentation.

Lessons:
Keratinized mucosa augmentation guided by double XCM membrane technique can be applied to cases with keratinized mucosa width within 2 mm around implants.
Comparative effectiveness of herb-partitioned moxibustion plus lifestyle modification treatment for patients with simple obesity
Authors: Wang Li-Hua , Lv Si-Ying , Liu Yi-Ran , Chen Xia , Wang Jia-Jie , Huang Wei , Zhou Zhong-Yu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Introduction:
Obesity is a global public health issue, which results in many health complications. Moxibustion may serve as an alternative management for simple obesity, where pharmacological therapy is always difficult to be accepted by the majority of obese patients based on its safety. However, the effects of herb-partitioned moxibustion as obesity intervention have not been confirmed. This study is designed as a single-blinded, 3-dummy randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of herb-partitioned moxibustion plus lifestyle modification treatment in patients with simple obesity.

Methods and analysis:
This study will be a randomized, controlled trial conducted from April, 2019 to April, 2021 that includes 108 participants who have simple obesity and meet the eligibility criteria. The participants will be randomly divided into 3 treatment groups: heat application group, medicated plaster group, or herb-partitioned moxibustion group. Each treatment will last 4 weeks. The primary outcomes will be the clinical effectiveness. The secondary outcome measures include participants’ obesity-related indicators, the IWQOL-Lite scale, and the syndrome score of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Adverse events will be recorded during the intervention period.

Ethics and dissemination:
Ethical approval of this study was granted by the Ethics Committee of Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine on 15 November 2018 (Ethics Reference No: HBZY2018-C24-01). Written informed consents will be provided by all participants before they were enrolled in this study.

Trial registration number:
NCT04606680
Preventing nickel-titanium rotary instrument from breakage by continuous irrigation with different fluids during root canal preparation
Authors: Li Changjian , Liu Le , Li Yanfeng , Wang Xin , Liu Haiyun , Bao Jiaxin , Wang Jing , Fan Jiadong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
To study the effect of continuous irrigation of rotating nickel-titanium instrument with several common clinical fluids on the diameter, breaking length and breaking position of nickel-titanium instrument, so as to provide some reference and theoretical basis for clinical operation and instrument improvement.
A standardized curved root canal model was established, and ProTaper Universal (PTU) F1 instrument was selected for root canal preparation. The nickel-titanium F1 instrument was flushed with distilled water, 0.9% NaCl, 0.2% chlorhexidine, 1% sodium hypochlorite and 5% sodium hypochlorite, and the diameter, length and position of the instrument before and after breakage were recorded.
Only 5% sodium hypochlorite influenced the diameter of 6 mm marker points under different irrigation conditions (P < .05). There was no statistical difference in the length of broken instruments among all the groups, and torsional deformation mainly occurred at the end of broken instruments. The broken positions of instruments in all the groups were located at the bending segment of the root canal. The breaking frequency of the 5% sodium hypochlorite group was the highest in the area 3–5.5 mm away from apical foramen, while the other 4 groups had the highest breaking frequency in the area 0 to 1.5 mm away from apical foramen.
External irrigation with different fluids did not influence the breaking length of instruments. The closer to the apical foramen was, the higher the breaking frequency of instruments was. However, only 5% sodium hypochlorite can affect the diameter of rotary nickel-titanium instruments, and may lead to early breakage of the instrument, indicating that the use of disinfectants, except 5% sodium hypochlorite, cannot reduce breakage resistance of nickel-titanium instrument compared with distilled water flushing. Furthermore, 5% hypochlorite could not be recommended for irrigation in clinical practice.
Effect of sigmoidectomy in treating sigmoid colon cancer
Authors: Hou Hua-ping , Gui Pu-guo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background:
This study will assess the effect of sigmoidectomy in treating sigmoid colon cancer (SCC).

Methods:
This study will search the following databases from inception to the present: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, OpenGrey, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. All electronic databases will be searched with no restrictions of language. Two researchers will independently handle all study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias, respectively. Any disparities between 2 researchers will be figured out by a third researcher through discussion. RevMan 5.3 software will be used for statistical analysis in this study.

Results:
This study will provide a high-quality synthesis of targeted outcomes to evaluate the efficacy and complications of sigmoidectomy in treating SCC.

Conclusion:
The results of this study will provide evidence to judge whether sigmoidectomy can benefit patients with SCC.

Study registration on OSF:
osf.io/dpxkg.
Evaluation on blood coagulation and C-reactive protein level among children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia by different chest imaging findings
Authors: Wang Juan , Mao Jianping , Chen Gang , Huang Yuanmei , Zhou Jinjin , Gao Changlong , Jin Danting , Zhang Chenying , Wen Juan , Sun Jun 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection may induce a systemic hypercoagulable abnormality, like organ embolism and infarction. Indexes of blood coagulation and C-reactive protein (CRP) have been reported different between healthy people and mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) patients, but this difference in MPP patients with different chest imaging findings has rarely been reported.
We performed a retrospective study of 101 children with MPP and 119 controls, combined with radiological examination and blood tests, to compare the blood coagulation and CRP level among MPP children with different chest imaging findings.
For the MPP children with different chest imaging findings, there were significant differences in CRP, fibrinogen (FIB) and D-dimer (D-D) levels among subgroups (P = .004, P = .008 and P < .001 respectively). The CRP level in group of interstitial pneumonia was significantly higher than that in groups of bronchopneumonia and hilar shadow thickening (P = .003 and P = .001 respectively). And the FIB and D-D values in group of lung consolidation were significantly higher than that in the other 3 groups (all P < .05). When compared with controls, the white blood cell, CRP, FIB, and D-D levels in MPP children were significantly higher, and the activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time levels were significantly lower (all P < .05).
Our results showed that CRP level changed most significantly in group of interstitial pneumonia, whereas FIB, D-D levels changed most significantly in the lung consolidation group.
Magnifying endoscopy in detecting early gastric cancer
Authors: Le Hao , Wang Lianjun , Zhang Lan , Chen Pengfei , Xu Bin , Peng Dengfa , Yang Ming , Tan Yong , Cai Changsong , Li Huqing , Zhao Qiu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background:
Conventional white-light imaging endoscopy (C-WLI) had a significant number of misdiagnosis in early gastric cancer (EGC), and magnifying endoscopy (ME) combined with different optical imaging was more accurate in the diagnosis of EGC. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of ME and compare the accuracy of ME with different optical imaging in detecting EGC.

Methods:
A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify all relevant studies. Pair-wise meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of ME, and Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed to combine direct and indirect evidence and estimate the relative effects.

Results:
Eight prospective studies were identified with a total of 5948 patients and 3 optical imaging in ME (ME with WLI (M-WLI), ME with narrow-band imaging (M-NBI), and ME with blue laser imaging (M-BLI)). Pair-wise meta-analysis showed a higher accuracy of ME than C-WLI (OR: 2.97, 95% CI: 1.68∼5.25). In network meta-analysis, both M-NBI and M-BLI were more accurate than M-WLI (OR: 2.56, 95% CI: 2.13∼3.13; OR: 3.13, 95% CI: 1.85∼5.71). There was no significant difference between M-NBI and M-BLI.

Conclusion:
ME was effective in improving the detecting rate of EGC, especially with NBI or BLI.