bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The mediating role of psychological distress on the link between socio‐ecological factors and quality of life of Filipino adults during COVID‐19 crisis
Authors: Aruta John Jamir Benzon R. , Callueng Carmelo , Antazo Benedict G. , Ballada Christine Joy A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAnchored on the Ecological Systems Theory, this study aimed to determine how psychological distress operates as an underlying mechanism in the impact of socio‐ecological factors on the quality of life of Filipino adults during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) crisis. A cross‐sectional online survey was conducted to assess perceptions of 401 adults on socio‐ecological factors (i.e., safety at home, trust in public institutions, and financial difficulties), psychological distress, and quality of life during the early phase of COVID‐19 community quarantine in the Philippines. Using latent variable path analysis, all three socio‐ecological factors have significant direct effects on both psychological distress and quality of life. More importantly, the proposed model was confirmed in terms of a significant partial mediation of psychological distress on the impact of safety at home, trust in public institutions, and financial difficulties on the quality of life of Filipino adults. The study offers novel insights into the role of psychological distress as an underlying mechanism that operates on the influence of socio‐ecological factors on the quality of life of adults during a global health crisis. Implications on psychological interventions and policies in preventing mental health problems vis‐à‐vis improving Filipinos' quality of life during the COVID‐19 pandemic are discussed.
The evaluation of right ventricle dyssynchrony by speckle tracking echocardiography in systemic sclerosis patients
Authors: Demirci Murat , Ozben Beste , Sunbul Murat , Cincin Altug , Gurel Yusuf Emre , Bayram Guctekin Tuba , Dogan Zekeriya , Sahinkaya Yasemin , Direskeneli Haner , Tigen Kursat , Sayar Nurten 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPurposeSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is associated with right ventricle (RV) remodeling and dysfunction. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate RV dyssynchrony (RV‐Dys) in SSc patients using two‐dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D‐STE).MethodsFifty‐five SSc patients with functional class I‐II and 45 healthy controls were consecutively included and underwent 2D‐STE. RV‐Dys was defined as the standard deviation of time to peak strain of mid and basal segments of RV free wall and interventricular septum. SSc group was further classified according to the presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Patients with tricuspid regurgitant velocity >2.8 m/s with additional echocardiographic PAH signs were defined as SSc PAH (+).ResultsSSc patients had lower RV longitudinal strain (RV‐LS) (−17.6 ± 4.6% vs. −20.8 ± 2.8%, p < 0.001) and greater RV‐Dys (49.9 ± 25.4 ms vs 24.3 ± 11.8 ms, p = 0.006) than controls despite no significant difference in conventional echocardiographic variables regarding RV function. Although SSc PAH(+) patients had lower RV‐LS and higher RV‐Dys than SSc PAH(−) patients, the differences were not statistically significant. The only independent predictor of RV‐Dys was RV‐LS (β:‐0.324 [−3.89– −0.45]; p = 0.014).ConclusionSSc patients had not only reduced RV‐LS but also impaired RV synchronicity even as conventional echocardiographic variables were preserved.
Development and validation of a siphoning prototype for surface runoff evaluation
Authors: Grando Douglas Luiz , Gatiboni Luciano Colpo , Dall'Orsoletta Daniel João , Schmitt Djalma Eugênio , Mumbach Gilmar Luiz , Souza Junior Abelino Anacleto de , Brignoli Fernando Marcos 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe degradation of soil and water quality encourages research to assess the effects of rainfall on the losses of soil and chemical elements that result from surface runoff. In seasons of high surface runoff, the collectors must support the total volume drained or allow its correct estimation to avoid misinterpretation of the data. The present investigation aimed to develop and validate a compact and low‐cost system to quantify surface runoff, sediments, and chemical elements losses using the bucket‐siphon sampler system (BS3) siphoning method. The tests performed within the system used the runoff collected in a Nitisol or solutions constructed at the laboratory through mixing soil (i.e., Nitisol or Cambisol) with tap water. The BS3 method was efficient in estimating the total volume of water runoff and the concentration of sediments and P in the surface runoff. The maximum flow rate supported by the BS3 method, as presented here, is 0.035 L s–1, which considering a 10‐m² plot is equivalent to 12.6 mm h–1. Due to the craft characteristics of the system, we recommend the calibration of each unit built to obtain a precise ratio between the volume stored and discarded by the siphoning. The prototype developed here is suitable for quantifying runoff volume, sediment, and P losses in field plots and has been manufactured under US$15.00.
Temporary cessation of ibrutinib results in reduced grade 3‐4 infections and durable remissions—Interim analysis of an on‐off‐repeat Phase 1b/2 study in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Lundin Jeanette , Mulder Tom A. , Kättström Magdalena , Wästerlid Tove , Uddevik Anders , Mellstedt Håkan , Heimersson Kia , Hansson Lotta , Palma Marzia , Österborg Anders 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIbrutinib is used continuously in CLL. This phase 1b/2 study interim analysis explored on‐off‐repeat dosing to reduce toxicity. After 12 months, 16/22 patients (73%) remained in first off‐phase irrespective if initial CR/PR or TP53 aberration. Grade 3‐4 infections were reduced from 55% to 5% during a similarly long off‐phase (P < .01). Treg and exhausted T‐cells increased (P = .01). Six patients restarted ibrutinib at early progression and remain drug‐sensitive. Our interim analysis shows a durable off‐phase in most patients, with reduced infections and cost‐saving potential. If toxicity‐driven permanent cessation of ibrutinib will be affected will be explored in the extended study.
Toll‐like receptor 10 controls TLR2‐induced cytokine production in monocytes from patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: da Rocha Sobrinho Hermínio Maurício , Saar Gomes Rodrigo , da Silva Delson José , Quixabeira Valéria Bernadete Leite , Joosten Leo A. B. , Ribeiro de Barros Cardoso Cristina , Ribeiro‐Dias Fátima 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPeripheral inflammation, particularly mediated by monocytes, can cause neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease (PD). We investigated the mechanism of TLR2‐induced cytokine impairment in peripheral monocytes from PD patients and the association between the presence of CD14+TLR10+ monocytes and PD severity. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from PD patients and healthy individuals were evaluated for TLR expression on monocyte subsets (CD14 and CD16 expression) using flow cytometry. Moreover, cytokines were evaluated using flow cytometry after stimulation with Pam3Cys (TLR2/TLR1 agonist) in the absence or presence of neutralizing antibodies to TLR10. The severity of PD was assessed using the unified PD rating scale (UPDRS) and motor activity, anxiety (BAI), depression (BDI), and fatigue (PD Fatigue Scale‐16) scales. The frequency of CD14+TLR10+ monocytes and expression intensity of TLR2 and TLR10 were higher in patients with PD than healthy individuals. The frequency of intermediate monocytes (CD14++CD16+) was not significantly increased in patients with PD, but was the main monocyte subset expressing TLR10. The TLR2/TLR1‐impaired cytokine production (IL‐6, TNFα, IL‐8, and IL‐10) in PD patients was reversed by neutralizing TLR10. The high frequency of total CD14+TLR10+ monocytes was associated with a reduction in the severity of PD according to the evaluation of motor and nonmotor symptoms. Peripheral monocytes from patients with PD showed phenotypic and functional alterations. The expression of TLR10 on monocytes can protect against PD by controlling TLR2‐induced cytokine production. Furthermore, data suggested that a low frequency of CD14+TLR10+ monocytes indicates the severity of PD. The results identified new opportunities for the development of novel PD neuroprotective therapies.
Recent insights on astrocyte mechanisms in CNS homeostasis, pathology, and repair
Authors: Hart Christopher G. , Karimi‐Abdolrezaee Soheila 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAstrocytes play essential roles in development, homeostasis, injury, and repair of the central nervous system (CNS). Their development is tightly regulated by distinct spatial and temporal cues during embryogenesis and into adulthood throughout the CNS. Astrocytes have several important responsibilities such as regulating blood flow and permeability of the blood‐CNS barrier, glucose metabolism and storage, synapse formation and function, and axon myelination. In CNS pathologies, astrocytes also play critical parts in both injury and repair mechanisms. Upon injury, they undergo a robust phenotypic shift known as “reactive astrogliosis,” which results in both constructive and deleterious outcomes. Astrocyte activation and migration at the site of injury provides an early defense mechanism to minimize the extent of injury by enveloping the lesion area. However, astrogliosis also contributes to the inhibitory microenvironment of CNS injury and potentiate secondary injury mechanisms, such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and glutamate excitotoxicity, which facilitate neurodegeneration in CNS pathologies. Intriguingly, reactive astrocytes are increasingly a focus in current therapeutic strategies as their activation can be modulated toward a neuroprotective and reparative phenotype. This review will discuss recent advancements in knowledge regarding the development and role of astrocytes in the healthy and pathological CNS. We will also review how astrocytes have been genetically modified to optimize their reparative potential after injury, and how they may be transdifferentiated into neurons and oligodendrocytes to promote repair after CNS injury and neurodegeneration.
Stereotactic radiosurgery commissioning and QA test cases—A TG‐119 approach for Stereotactic radiosurgery
Authors: Culcasi Rebecca , Baran Geoffrey , Dominello Michael , Burmeister Jay 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPurposeTo develop a standardized set of representative clinical treatment cases that pose a range of optimization problems for evaluating the plan quality and dosimetric accuracy within the commissioning process for linac‐based stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS).MethodsFive test cases with increasing complexity were created to validate delivery accuracy in SRS commissioning similar to the approach used by AAPM TG‐119 in developing a test suite for IMRT commissioning. Standardized structure sets, planning goals, and delivery requirements were specified for each case including a small sphere target, irregular target, irregular target placed off‐axis, multi‐target, and abutting organs‐at‐risk (OARs). Various VMAT field arrangements including a single arc, two coplanar arcs, full arc and vertex half arc, and four noncoplanar arcs were tested to generate clinically appropriate treatment plans.ResultsThe small spherical target was 1.0 cm in diameter. The irregular target was a clinical cavity (2.3 × 2.2 × 1.4 cm³) and was shifted 4.5 cm for the irregular target off‐axis case. The multi‐target case used the irregular target and four spherical targets representing metastases ranging 0.9 to 1.6 cm in diameter, placed up to 7.5 cm off‐axis. The abutting OARs case included an acoustic neuroma and target placed near the optic nerve. All spherical targets received 24 Gy and the cavity received 18 Gy. The abutting OAR cases included a 3.74 cc lesion adjacent to the brainstem receiving 13 Gy and a 1.11 cc lesion adjacent to the optic nerve receiving 12 Gy. All plans used a single‐isocenter placed at the target center or geometric center of multiple targets. Planning goals for all cases included constraints for the target and brain minus PTV, along with brainstem and optic nerve where applicable. Deliverability was assessed through ion chamber measurements, in addition to composite and per‐field planar measurements on Gafchromic film and small‐field diode array. A mean and SD for measured versus planned doses of 101.0% ± 2.9% was observed over the 14 ion chamber measurements. Mean and SD for gamma pass rates were 98.5% ± 2.2% and 97.1% ± 4.9% for film and diode array, respectively, for gamma criteria of 2% and 1 mm.ConclusionThese cases could provide the preliminary groundwork for a novel benchmark for institutions to evaluate linac‐based SRS commissioning and delivery accuracy prior to clinical implementation. The rapid widespread implementation of linac‐based SRS, the complexity associated with dosimetry and delivery, and high‐profile treatment deviations that have already resulted from its use, highlight the importance of such a benchmark test suite. Comprehensive dosimetric measurements from this standardized set of SRS optimization problems were used to fine‐tune and understand the limitations of our SRS planning and delivery system and establish a set of baseline data for comparison with other delivery platforms.
Small‐field beam data acquisition, detector dependency, and film‐based validation for a novel self‐shielded stereotactic radiosurgery system
Authors: Pinnaduwage Dilini S. , Srivastava Shiv P. , Yan Xiangsheng , Jani Shyam S. , Jenkins Cesare , Barani Igor J. , Sorensen Stephen 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPurposeThis study reports a single‐institution experience with beam data acquisition and film‐based validation for a novel self‐shielded sterotactic radiosurgery unit and investigates detector dependency on field output factors (OFs), off‐axis ratios (OARs), and percent depth dose (PDD) measurements within the context of small‐field dosimetry.MethodsThe delivery platform for this unit consists of a 2.7‐MV S‐band linear accelerator mounted on coupled gimbals that rotate around a common isocenter (source‐to‐axis distance [SAD] = 450 mm), allowing for more than 260 noncoplanar beam angles. Beam collimation is achieved via a tungsten collimator wheel with eight circular apertures ranging from 4 mm to 25 mm in diameter. Three diodes (PTW 60012 Diode E, PTW 60018 SRS Diode, and Sun Nuclear EDGE) and a synthetic diamond detector (PTW 60019 micro Diamond [µD] detector) were used for OAR, PDD, and OF measurements. OFs were also acquired with a PTW 31022 PinPoint ionization chamber. Beam scanning was performed using a 3D water tank at depths of 7, 50, 100, 200, and 250 mm with a source‐to‐surface distance of 450 mm. OFs were measured at the depth of maximum dose (dmax = 7 mm) with the SAD at 450 mm. Gafchromic EBT3 film was used to validate OF and profile measurements and as a reference detector for estimating correction factors for active detector OFs. Deviations in field size, penumbra, and PDDs across the different detectors were quantified.ResultsRelative OFs (ROFs) for the diodes were within 1.4% for all collimators except for 5 and 7.5 mm, for which SRS Diode measurements were higher by 1.6% and 2.6% versus Diode E. The µD ROFs were within 1.4% of the diode measurements. PinPoint ROFs were lower by >10% for the 4‐mm and 5‐mm collimators versus the Diode E and µD. Corrections to OFs using EBT3 film as a reference were within 1.2% for all diodes and the µD detector for collimators 10 mm and greater and within 2.0%, 2.8%, and 1.1% for the 7.5‐, 5‐, and 4‐mm collimators, respectively. The maximum difference in full width at half maximum (FWHM) between the Diode E and the other active detectors was for the 25‐mm collimator and was 0.09 mm (µD), 0.16 mm (SRS Diode), and 0.65 mm (EDGE). Differences seen in PDDs beyond the depth of dmax were <1% across the three diodes and the µD. FWHM and penumbra measurements made using EBT3 film were within 1.34% and 3.26%, respectively, of the processed profile data entered into the treatment planning system.ConclusionsMinimal differences were seen in OAR and PDD measurements acquired with the diodes and the µD. ROFs measured with the three diodes were within 2.6% and within 1.4% versus the µD. Gafchromic Film measurements provided independent verification of the OAR and OF measurements. Estimated corrections to OFs using film as a reference were <1.6% for the Diode E, EDGE, and µD detector.
Monte Carlo evaluation of a LYSO‐based Compton camera using two origin ensemble algorithms with resolution recovery
Authors: Huang Hsuan‐Ming 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPurposeDue to the lack of depth‐of‐interaction information, a Compton camera made of lutetium‐yttrium orthosilicate (LYSO) crystals suffers from poor spatial resolution, which may lead to an unreliable range verification in proton therapy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of a LYSO‐based Compton camera using the origin ensemble algorithm with resolution recovery (OE‐RR). We also proposed a regularized version of OE‐RR called ROE‐RR.MethodsWe simulated a two‐layer LYSO‐based Compton camera which was used to detect prompt gammas (PGs) produced by a proton beam irradiated on a water phantom. PG images reconstructed by the OE‐RR algorithm were evaluated and compared with those reconstructed by the proposed ROE‐RR algorithm.ResultsOur simulated results show that both the OE‐RR and ROE‐RR algorithms could provide an accurate estimate of the Bragg peak position, with a mean positioning error of 2.5 mm. Compared to the OE‐RR algorithm, the proposed ROE‐RR algorithm is less sensitive with respect to initial conditions and requires less iterations for converging to equilibrium. More importantly, the proposed ROE‐RR algorithm could provide better image quality than the OE‐RR algorithm, especially in low‐count data.ConclusionsFor LYSO‐based Compton cameras, using a resolution‐recovery image reconstruction algorithm is essential for reliable range verification.
Specific Borrmann classification in advanced gastric cancer by an ensemble multilayer perceptron network: a multicenter research
Authors: Wang Siwen , Dong Di , Zhang Wenjuan , Hu Hui , Li Hailin , Zhu Yongbei , Zhou Junlin , Shan Xiuhong , Tian Jie 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPurposeBorrmann classification in advanced gastric cancer (AGC) is necessarily associated with personalized surgical strategy and prognosis. But few radiomics research studies have focused on specific Borrmann classification, and there is yet no consensus regarding what machine learning methods should be the most effective.MethodsA combined size of 889 AGC patients was retrospectively enrolled from two centers. Radiomic features were extracted from tumors manually delineated on preoperative computed tomography images. Two classification experiments (Borrmann I/II/III vs. IV and Borrmann II vs. III) were conducted. In each task, we combined three common feature selection methods and five typical machine learning classifiers to construct 15 basic classification models, and then fed the 15 predictions to a designed multilayer perceptron (MLP) network.ResultsIn internal and external validation cohorts, the proposed ensemble MLP yielded good performance with area under curves of 0.767 and 0.702 for Borrmann I/II/III vs. IV, as well as 0.768 and 0.731 for Borrmann II vs. III. Considering the imbalanced distribution of four Borrmann types (I, 2.9%; II, 12.8%; III, 69.5%; IV, 14.7%), the ensemble MLP surpassed the overfitting barrier and attained fine specificity (0.667 and 0.750 for Borrmann I/II/III vs. IV; 0.714 and 0.620 for Borrmann II vs. III) and sensitivity (0.795 and 0.610 for Borrmann I/II/III vs. IV; 0.652 and 0.703 for Borrmann II vs. III). Also, survival analysis showed that patients could be significantly risk stratified by MLP predicted types in both experiments (p< 0.0001, log‐rank test).ConclusionsThis study proposed an MLP‐based ensemble learning architecture, which could identify Borrmann type IV automatically and improve the differentiation of Borrmann type II from III. The study provided a new view for specific Borrmann classification in clinical practice.
Feasibility and acceptability of a home‐based resistance training intervention in adolescent and young adult hematopoietic cell transplant survivors
Authors: Ketterl Tyler G. , Ballard Sheri , Bradford Miranda C. , Chow Eric J. , Jenssen Kari , Myers Sam , Rosenberg Abby R. , Van Doren Matt , Baker K. Scott 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundAdolescent and young adult (AYA) hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) survivors are at increased risk of metabolic syndrome and lean body mass (LBM) deficits. Resistance training (RT) is a potential intervention to improve LBM, metabolic fitness, and reduce risk of cardiovascular disease.ProcedureEligible participants ages 13–39 years, 80–120 days post‐HCT, transfusion independent, and prednisone dose ≤1 mg/kg/day were approached. Baseline assessments of body composition (DXA), anthropometrics, and strength testing were completed and participants were taught a 12‐week, home‐based RT intervention with weekly remote coaching. Follow‐up assessments were at day +200 (FU1) and +365 post‐HCT (FU2). Feasibility targets were (a) 60% enrollment of approached patients, (b) 80% completion of weekly phone calls, and (c) 80% completion of the RT intervention and FU1 assessments. Acceptability was based on positive responses in qualitative interviews.ResultsTwenty of 31 (65%) eligible AYAs enrolled. Three participants failed to complete baseline measurements (2 = scheduling barriers, 1 = passive refusal) and four participants who completed baseline assessments did not receive the intervention (1 = medical reasons, 2 = no longer interested). Of those who completed baseline assessments, 13 received the intervention, completed 88.5% of coaching calls, and 11 (65%) completed FU1. LBM (kg) increased or remained unchanged in nine of nine participants with complete body composition data at FU1 (mean 1.1 kg; 95%CI: 0.4, 1.9). All participants who completed FU1 reported they would recommend the intervention to an AYA HCT survivor.ConclusionsA home‐based RT intervention in AYA HCT survivors early post HCT is both feasible and acceptable and may maintain or increase LBM.
Imine‐based covalent organic framework as photocatalyst for visible‐light‐induced atom transfer radical polymerization
Authors: Fu Xiaoling , Lu Zhen , Yang Hongjie , Yin Xiangyu , Xiao Longqiang , Hou Linxi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPhotoinduced atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is an economical and environment‐friendly method for synthesizing polymers with pre‐designable structures and precise molecular weight. Although significant progress for copper‐mediated photoinduced ATRP has been achieved, several drawbacks still remain, such as poor electron transfer capability and absorption bands of photocatalysts near UV region. Herein, imine‐based covalent organic framework, TAPPy‐TPA‐COF, has been synthesized as potential heterogeneous photocatalyst for photoinduced ATRP. The “living” feature of polymerizations of methyl methacrylate (MMA) can be well controlled by efficiency maintain the balance between activation and inactivation of CuI and CuII. The chain extension experiments have further demonstrated the chain‐end fidelity of polymers. Meanwhile, the catalyst recycle experiments have revealed stability of TAPPy‐TPA‐COF toward ATRP processes. These results support the feasibility of using COFs as heterogeneous photocatalysts for copper‐mediated ATRP under visible light irradiation.