bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial and temporal patterns of prostate cancer burden and their association with Socio‐Demographic Index in Asia, 1990–2019
Authors: Luo Li‐Sha , Jiang Jun‐Feng , Luan Hang‐Hang , Zi Hao , Zhu Cong , Li Bing‐Hui , Zeng Xian‐Tao 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundProstate cancer is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer for males worldwide, but the spatial and temporal trends of prostate cancer burden remain unknown in Asia. This study aimed to investigate the changing spatial and temporal trends of incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability‐adjusted life year (DALY), and mortality‐to‐incidence ratio (MIR) of prostate cancer, and their association with the Socio‐Demographic Index (SDI) in 48 Asian countries from 1990 to 2019.MethodsData were extracted from the Global Health Data Exchange query tool, covering 48 Asian countries from 1990 to 2019. The average annual percent change was calculated to evaluate temporal trends. Spatial autocorrelation analysis was used to obtain spatial patterns, and the association between SDI and prostate cancer burden was estimated using a spatial panel model.ResultsIn Asia, the age‐standardized incidence and prevalence of prostate cancer increased in almost all countries, and its mortality and DALY also increased in over half of the countries. Significantly regional disparities were found in Asia, and the hot spots for incidence, prevalence, mortality, and DALY were all located in Western Asia, the hot spots of percent change also occurred in Western Asia for incidence and DALY. Furthermore, SDI had a positive association with mortality (coef = 2.51, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.13–2.90) and negative association with DALY (coef = −14.99, 95% CI: −20.37 to −9.60) and MIR (coef = −0.95, 95%CI: −0.99 to −0.92).ConclusionsProstate cancer burden increased rapidly throughout Asia and substantial disparities had persisted between countries. Geographically targeted interventions are needed to reduce the prostate cancer burden throughout Asia and in specific countries.
Lung transplantation for post‐COVID‐19 pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Gogia Pratibha , Attawar Sandeep , Singh Vivek , Bhatnagar Tarun , Sharma Sanjay , Batra Khushboo , Khare Swapnil 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCOVID‐19 has affected over a billion people around the world, with over 2 million losing their lives (Worldometer). About 10% of patients infected with COVID‐19 develop a serious illness, including respiratory failure, that require advanced life‐supporting measures. Mortality among this subgroup exceeds 60%. We present a case of an otherwise healthy 34‐year‐old male who developed end‐stage pulmonary fibrosis following COVID‐19 infection. He achieved haemodynamic stability with mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) but did not show any sign of weaning off ECMO; however, he successfully underwent bilateral lung transplantation.
A unifying Ziegler–Nichols tuning method based on active disturbance rejection
Authors: Nie Zhuo‐Yun , Li Zhaoyang , Wang Qing‐Guo , Gao Zhiqiang , Luo Jiliang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe landmark Ziegler–Nichols (ZN) tuning method from 1942 for proportional‐integral‐derivative (PID) controller has had significant impacts on the industrial control industry to this day, even though it is thought to be an empirical method with little theoretical justifications. The situation has not changed much despite the fact that a large amount of research and applications has been reported over decades. This paper shows for the first time that the ZN tuning can be incorporated into the framework of active disturbance rejection (ADR), where the process dynamics is made to match the desired one. This leads to a unifying tuning method for the recently proposed disturbance rejection PID (DR‐PID) controller, applicable to a wide range of industrial processes. Unlike the original ZN method, this new tuning method can be fully understood by the practitioner in their own language of bandwidth and phase characteristics. Moreover, it can also be fully validated via rigorous stability analysis. Finally, extensive simulation results are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the unifying ZN tuning method.
Getting KnERDI with Language: Examining Teachers’ Knowledge for Enhancing Reading Development in Code‐Based and Meaning‐Based Domains
Authors: Davis Dennis S. , Samuelson Courtney , Grifenhagen Jill , DeIaco Robyn , Relyea Jackie 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMuch of the early research on teachers’ knowledge for reading instruction used instruments that primarily emphasized code‐based aspects of reading, unintentionally signaling that meaning‐focused knowledge is not essential for teaching foundational reading to elementary‐age children. In this study, we developed the Knowledge for Enhancing Reading Development Inventory (KnERDI; pronounced 'nerdy'), an instrument that measures teachers’ knowledge in two domains: alphabetic code/word reading and meaning/connected text processes. Using this instrument, we sought to determine if teachers’ knowledge of the two proposed domains was highly associated and if knowledge was related to level of education and amount of teaching experience. We report on the reliability and validity of the KnERDI and describe patterns in educators’ performance on this instrument. We found that the KnERDI measured both domains with acceptable reliability in multiple samples of educators enrolled in an online professional development course. Educators scored higher on the meaning/connected text process subscale than on the alphabetic code/word reading subscale. The two subscales were strongly correlated, indicating that teachers’ knowledge as measured on the KnERDI is a unidimensional construct. Advanced degree completion was not consistently related to educators’ scores on the KnERDI, but there was a positive association between educators’ performance on the instrument and their years of experience teaching early reading, particularly with respect to the code‐based domain. We discuss potential uses of the KnERDI in future research and practice, positive trends in educators’ performance on the instrument, and challenges in measuring educators’ knowledge for supporting higher‐level language and comprehension processes.
Strategic attributions of corporate social responsibility and environmental management: The business case for doing well by doing good!
Authors: Camilleri Mark Anthony 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGenerally, businesses are capable of implementing corporate social responsibility (CSR) and environmentally sustainable behaviors as they pursue their profit‐making activities. While there are a number of contributions that investigated the effect of CSR and responsible environmental practices on the companies' bottom lines, few studies were focused on the strategic attributions of responsible corporate behaviors in the tourism industry context, during an unprecedented pandemic situation. Hence this research investigates the stakeholders' perceptions on the hospitality businesses' social responsibility and environmentally friendly practices. The data were collected from a sample of 462 research participants who worked in tourism and hospitality. The findings suggest that their employers' stakeholders were triggering their businesses to engage in ethical behaviors, responsible human resources management and to invest in environmentally friendly initiatives. As a result, they were creating value to their companies, to society and to the natural environment. In sum, this contribution implies that there are strategic attributions of CSR behaviors and of environmentally sustainable practices as responsible businesses can improve their growth prospects and increase their competitiveness in the long run.
Multifunctional Carbon Nanocomposites as Nanoneurons from Multimode and Multianalyte Sensing to Molecular Logic Computing, Steganography, and Cryptography
Authors: Yao Qing Feng , Quan Min Xia , Yang Jin Hua , Liu Qing Yu , Bu Zhen Qi , Huang Wei Tao 
Published: October 2021

AbstractInspired by information exchange and logic functions of life based on molecular recognition and interaction networks, ongoing efforts are directed toward development of molecular or nanosystems for multiplexed chem/biosensing and advanced information processing. However, because of their preparation shortcomings, poor functionality, and limited paradigms, it is still a big challenge to develop advanced nanomaterials‐based systems and comprehensively realize neuron‐like functions from multimode sensing to molecular information processing and safety. Herein, using fish scales derived carbon nanoparticles (FSCN) as a reducing agent and stabilizer, a simple one‐step synthesis method of multifunctional silver–carbon nanocomposites (AgNPs–FSCN) is developed. The prepared AgNPs–FSCN own wide antibacterial and multisignal response abilities in five channels (including color, Tyndall, absorption and fluorescence intensities, and absorption wavelength) for quantitative colorimetric and fluorescence sensing of H2O2, ascorbic acid, and dopamine. Benefiting from its multicoding stimuli‐responsive ability, molecular concealment, and programmability, AgNPs–FSCN can be abstracted as nanoneurons for implementing batch and parallel molecular logic computing, steganography, and cryptography. This research will promote the preparation of advanced multifunctional nanocomposites and the development of their multipurpose applications, including the multireadout‐guided multianalyte intelligent sensing and sophisticated molecular computing, communication, and security.
High‐Performance Capacitive Deionization and Killing Microorganism in Surface‐Water by ZIF‐9 Derived Carbon Composites
Authors: Cao Shuai , Chen Tingting , Zheng Shasha , Bai Yang , Pang Huan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe protection and regeneration of the water environment is currently one of the most critical concerns for the sustainable development of human society. To solve the water crisis, the use of capacitive deionization (CDI) technology to extract fresh‐water that is suitable for human consumption from abundant surface‐water is a feasible solution. In this work, a cobalt benzimidazole frameworks (ZIF‐9) derived carbon composites with a unique quasi‐microcubic morphology is synthesized and used the as‐prepared materials as an electrode material for the CDI. Interestingly, the ZIF‐9 derived carbon composites exhibit an impressive desalination capacity of 55.4 mg g–1 and can be reused. Measurements in surface‐water (Beijing‐Hangzhou Grand Canal, Slender West Lake, Initial rainwater, Rain water) show that this CDI technology based on ZIF‐9 derived carbon composites not only has a strong adsorption effect on metal ions but also can remarkably kill microorganisms. The results show that the technology can effectively kill bacteria (Escherichia coli and Bacillus) and algae with 95% and 91.7% inhibition rates, respectively. This work provides a valuable example for the use of metal–organic framework‐derived carbon composites as high‐performance electrode materials of CDI and opens a new direction for promoting the application of CDI in surface‐water.
Transcoding web pages via stylesheets and scripts for saving energy on the client
Authors: Ünlü Hüseyin , Yesilada Yeliz 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMobile devices and accessing the web have become essential in our daily lives. However, their limitations in terms of both hardware such as the battery, and software capabilities can affect the user experience such as battery drain. There are some best practices for the web page design that are shown to affect the downloading time of web pages. In this study, we report our experience in applying these practices to see their effect on energy saving. We propose two techniques: (1) concatenating external script and stylesheet files and (2) minifying external script and stylesheets that can be used to transcode web pages to improve energy consumption on the client‐side and therefore improve the battery life. We present our experimental architecture, implementation, and a systematic evaluation of these two techniques. The evaluation results show that the proposed techniques can achieve approximately 12% processor energy‐saving and 4% power saving in two different client types, 13% improvement in a typical laptop battery life, and 4% improvement in a typical mobile phone battery life.
1,2‐Aminofunctionalization Reactions of Pyridino‐Alkynes via Carbophilic Activation
Authors: Paroi Bidisha , Sancheti Shashank P. , Patil Nitin T. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTransition metal‐catalyzed 1,2‐difunctionalization reactions of alkynes have emerged as a powerful tool to forge carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom bonds for the rapid synthesis of polyfunctionalized molecular scaffolds. In this regard, our group has persistently been developing transition metal‐mediated 1,2‐aminofunctionalization reactions of alkynes through a rationally designed pyridino‐alkyne core by utilizing the carbophilic activation strategy. In this account, we present an array of such 1,2‐aminofunctionalization reactions which have been successfully executed on this core to afford important polycyclic frameworks such as functionalized quinalizinones, pyridinium oxazole dyads (PODs), N‐doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), N‐doped spiro‐PAHs. Additionally, the synthesis of phosphine ligated gold complexes bearing pyrido‐isoquinoline scaffold from the pyridino‐alkynes will be discussed briefly.
Circ‐SNAP47 (hsa_circ_0016760) and miR‐625‐5p are regulators of WEE1 in regulation of chemoresistance, growth and invasion of DDP‐tolerant NSCLC cells via ceRNA pathway
Authors: Zou Can , Rong Feng , Zeng Yan , Zeng Jing , Wei Rong , Wei Dong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCircular RNA‐synaptosome associated protein 47 (circ‐SNAP47; Hsa_circ_0016760) is oncogenic in non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, its role is undescribed in cis‐diamminedichloroplatinum II (DDP) resistance. We attempted to investigate its expression, role and mechanism in DDP‐tolerant NSCLC. As a result, circ‐SNAP47 expression was upregulated in human DDP‐tolerant NSCLC tissues and cells, accompanied with WEE1 G2 checkpoint kinase (WEE1) upregulation and microRNA (miR)‐625‐5p downregulation. Functionally, interfering circ‐SNAP47 and/or restoring miR‐625‐5p curbed the 50% inhibitory concentration of DDP, colony formation, cell proliferation and invasion, accompanied with apoptotic rate promotion and depressions of multidrug resistance (MDR) markers MDR1 and MRP1, anti‐apoptosis protein Bcl‐2, and pro‐invasion protein MMP9. Notably, circ‐SNAP47 interference suppressed xenograft tumor growth of DDP‐tolerant NSCLC cells by elevating miR‐625‐5p and descending WEE1. Mechanistically, circ‐SNAP47 directly targeted miR‐625‐5p, and miR‐625‐5p further targeted WEE1. Therefore, circ‐SNAP47‐miR‐625‐5p‐WEE1 axis might participate in chemoresistance and progression of DDP‐tolerant NSCLC.
Zona pellucida treatment before CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated genome editing of porcine zygotes
Authors: Namula Zhao , Hirata Maki , Le Quynh Anh , Lin Qingyi , Takebayashi Koki , Yoshimura Naoaki , Tanihara Fuminori , Thongkittidilok Chommanart , Otoi Takeshige 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundIncreasing the permeability of the zona pellucida (ZP) of oocytes before CRISPR/Cas9 electroporation may improve the efficiency of gene editing; however, the effects of this approach on subsequent developmental processes are unclear. In this study, the effects of ZP treatment before electroporation on embryonic development and gene editing in porcine embryos were evaluated.MethodsThe ZP of zygotes was weakened or removed by exposure to 0.5% actinase E, followed by electroporation of the Cas9 protein with guide RNA targeting GGTA1.ResultsThe blastocyst formation rate of ZP‐free zygotes after electroporation was significantly lower (p < 0.05) than that of ZP‐intact zygotes. The mutation rate in blastocysts from ZP‐weakened zygotes was similar to that in ZP‐intact zygotes, whereas ZP removal increased the mutation rate. The mutation efficiency in blastocysts from electroporated zygotes did not differ among ZP treatment groups.ConclusionsOur results indicate that weakening the ZP does not affect the developmental competence, mutation rate, or mutation efficiency of electroporated zygotes, whereas ZP removal has a detrimental effect on embryonic development but may increase the mutation rate.
Model updating of wind turbine blade cross sections with invertible neural networks
Authors: Noever‐Castelos Pablo , Ardizzone Lynton , Balzani Claudio 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFabricated wind turbine blades have unavoidable deviations from their designs due to imperfections in the manufacturing processes. Model updating is a common approach to enhance model predictions and therefore improve the numerical blade design accuracy compared to the built blade. An updated model can provide a basis for a digital twin of the rotor blade including the manufacturing deviations. Classical optimization algorithms, most often combined with reduced order or surrogate models, represent the state of the art in structural model updating. However, these deterministic methods suffer from high computational costs and a missing probabilistic evaluation. This feasibility study approaches the model updating task by inverting the model through the application of invertible neural networks, which allow for inferring a posterior distribution of the input parameters from given output parameters, without costly optimization or sampling algorithms. In our use case, rotor blade cross sections are updated to match given cross‐sectional parameters. To this end, a sensitivity analysis of the input (material properties or layup locations) and output parameters (such as stiffness and mass matrix entries) first selects relevant features in advance to then set up and train the invertible neural network. The trained network predicts with outstanding accuracy most of the selected cross‐sectional input parameters for different radial positions; that is, the posterior distribution of these parameters shows a narrow width. At the same time, it identifies some parameters that are hard to recover accurately or contain intrinsic ambiguities. Hence, we demonstrate that invertible neural networks are highly capable for structural model updating.
Themes in data mining, big data, and crime analytics
Authors: Oatley Giles C. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis article examines the impact of new AI‐related technologies in data mining and big data on important research questions in crime analytics. Because the field is so broad, the review focuses on a selection of the most important topics. Challenges for information management, and in turn law and society, include: AI‐powered predictive policing; big data for legal and adversarial decisions; bias using big data and analytics in profiling and predicting criminality; forecasting crime risk and crime rates; and, regulating AI systems.This article is categorized under:Algorithmic Development > Spatial and Temporal Data MiningFundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Big Data MiningTechnologies > Artificial IntelligenceApplication Areas > Data Mining Software Tools
Immunogenic senescence sensitizes lung cancer to LUNX-targeting therapy
Authors: Jiao Defeng , Zheng Xiaohu , Du Xianghui , Wang Dong , Hu Ziming , Sun Rui , Tian Zhigang , Fu Binqing , Wei Haiming 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe higher immunogenicity of tumors usually predicts favorable therapeutic responses. Tumor antigens dominate the immunogenic character within tumors. We investigated if there was a targetable tumor antigen during immunogenic chemotherapy within lung cancer. Chemotherapy-induced immunogenic senescence was demonstrated using a multi-marker, three-step workflow, and RNA-sequencing data. The ability of anti-lung-specific X protein (LUNX) antibody to suppress the survival of senescent lung cancer cells was evaluated in vitro and in vivo using real-time cytotoxicity analysis and xenograft mouse models, respectively. The induction of cellular senescence by immunogenic chemotherapy boosted cell-surface shuttling of LUNX and enhanced the immunogenic features of senescent tumor cells, which sensitized lung cancer cells to anti-LUNX antibody-mediated therapy and contributed to tumor suppression. The immunogenic senescence-mediated anti-tumor response was triggered by the direct action of antibody on tumor cells, strengthened by natural-killer cells through an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity response, and ultimately, led to tumor control. Our findings suggest that LUNX is a lung cancer targetable-immunogenic antigen. The proportion of lung cancers responding to LUNX-targeting therapy could be expanded substantially by immunogenic chemotherapy that induces senescence-associated translocation of LUNX to the plasma membrane.
Factors affecting adherence to disease-modifying therapies in multiple sclerosis: systematic review
Authors: Washington Francesca , Langdon Dawn 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPeople with multiple sclerosis (MS) face challenges adhering to disease-modifying drug (DMD) treatment. Poor adherence to treatment reduces its clinical effectiveness which can adversely impact disease progression, MS-related hospitalisation, and mortality rates. Understanding the barriers to adherence is essential to addressing these issues in clinical practice and a consolidation of the literature had not yet been carried out. A systematic search was carried out using the electronic databases PsycINFO, and PubMed (Medline) using the search terms treatment compliance or treatment adherence and multiple sclerosis or MS. Studies included adults, with a diagnosis of relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS) (sample > 80% RRMS), taking a DMD. The studies used an adequate measurement of treatment adherence and analysed possible factors associated with adherence. A total of 349 studies were retrieved, of which 24 were considered eligible for inclusion. Overall adherence rates of the included studies ranged from 52 to 92.8%. Narrative synthesis revealed the most prevalent factors associated with adherence were age, gender, depression, cognition, treatment satisfaction, injection-site reactions, and injection anxiety. There was contradictory evidence for disability in association with treatment adherence. The findings should be used to inform the development of targeted patient support programs which improve treatment compliance. The review also highlights the opportunities for advancing research into treatment adherence in MS.