bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Clinical Characteristics on Sleep Quality in Patients with Chronic Temporomandibular Disorders
Authors: Lee Yeon-Hee , Auh Q-Schick , An Jung-Sub , Kim Tae 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objectives: We aimed to investigate and compare sleep quality between patients with chronic temporomandibular disorder and healthy controls, and to analyze the association of sleep quality with disease characteristics, obstructive sleep apnea risk factors, and excessive daytime sleepiness. Methods: Chronic temporomandibular disorder patients (n=503) and 180 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included, who completed well-organized clinical report and answered questions on sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), sleep apnea risk factors (STOP-Bang questionnaire), and excessive daytime sleepiness (Epworth sleepiness scale). Results: Mean global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores were significantly higher in the patients (6.25±2.77) than in healthy controls (6.25±2.77) (p<0.001). Poor sleep was significantly more prevalent in the patient group (56.9%) than in healthy controls (22.2%) (p<0.001). Compared with healthy controls, chronic temporomandibular disorder patients had a higher likelihood of obstructive sleep apnea (STOP-Bang total score ≥3; 7.2% vs. 16.1%; p<0.01) and higher excessive daytime sleepiness (Epworth sleepiness scale score ≥10; 12.8% vs. 19.7%; p<0.05). Age (odds ratio=2.551; p<0.001), female sex (odds ratio=1.885; p=0.007), total Epworth sleepiness scale score (odds ratio=1.839; p=0.014), and headache attributed to temporomandibular disorder (odds ratio=1.519; p=0.049) were the most powerful predictors of poor sleep (global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score ≥5) in chronic temporomandibular disorder patients. Discussion: Chronic temporomandibular disorder patients had sleep quality impairment. Various factors, including peripheral and central factors, affect the patient's sleep quality. Therefore, in addition to sleep quality and sleep-related problems, the underlying central mechanism for poor sleep quality should be assessed when treating chronic temporomandibular disorder patients.
Preoperative Erythrocyte Aggregation Exponent May Affect Postoperative Risk of Deep Venous Thrombosis in Patients With Primary Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Xiaoyu Dai , Pu Ying , Peng Xu , Zhihui Huang , Huan Li , Naidong Zhang , Wenge Ding 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The factors leading to venous thromboembolism (VTE) have been known for a long time. Previous data has suggested a potential link between erythrocyte aggregation (EA) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Considering a relatively large number of patients who need total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgery due to primary knee osteoarthritis (KOA), this study is tried to verify whether preoperative EA may have an effect on postoperative DVT after TKA in these patients.Methods: A total of 750 KOA patients accepted unilateral TKA were enrolled from March 2010 to May 2020. On the third day after surgery, they all accepted the color Doppler ultrasound examination of both legs for deep veins and were subsequently divided into DVT and non-DVT groups. We made a thorough analysis to demonstrate the specific association of EA exponent before TKA and DVT risk after TKA.Results: Low EA exponent was a significant risk factor for DVT in patients with primary KOA (p<0.05), especially in females after stratifying by gender (p<0.05). Conclusions: Our results suggested that low EA before TKA was substantially associated with a high post-surgery DVT risk in primary KOA patients. Timely and effective anticoagulant therapy for such patients was required.
In-hospital Mortality Prediction among Patients with Fractures of Pelvis and Acetabulum in Intensive Care Unit: Machine Learning versus Conventional System
Authors: Cai Yanrong , Jiang Xiang , Dai Weifan , Yu Qinyuan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundFractures of pelvis and/or Acetabulum are leading risks of death worldwide. However, the capability of in-hospital mortality prediction by conventional system is so far limited. Here, we hypothesis that the use of machine learning (ML) algorithms could provide better performance of prediction than the traditional scoring system Simple Acute Physiologic Score (SAPS) II for patients with pelvic and acetabular trauma in intensive care unit (ICU).MethodsWe developed customized mortality prediction models with ML techniques based on MIMIC-III, an open access de-defined database consisting of data from more than 25,000 patients who were admitted to the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC). 307 patients were enrolled with an ICD-9 diagnosis of pelvic, acetabular or combined pelvic and acetabular fractures and who had an ICU stay more than 72 hours. ML models including decision tree, logistic regression and random forest were established by using the SAPS II features from the first 72 hours after ICU admission and the traditional first-24-hours features were used to build respective control models. We evaluated and made a comparison of each model’s performance through the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Feature importance method was used to visualize top risk factors for disease mortality.ResultsAll the ML models outperformed the traditional scoring system SAPS II (AUROC=0.73), among which the best fitted random forest model had the supreme performance (AUROC of 0.90). With the use of evolution of physiological features over time rather than 24-hours snapshots, all the ML models performed better than respective controls. Age remained the top of feature importance for all classifiers. Age, BUN (minimum value on day 2), and BUN (maximum value on day 3) were the top 3 predictor variables in the optimal random forest experiment model. In the best decision tree model, the top 3 risk factors, in decreasing order of contribution, were age, the lowest systolic blood pressure on day 1 and the same value on day 3.ConclusionThe results suggested that mortality modeling with ML techniques could aid in better performance of prediction for models in the context of pelvic and acetabular trauma and potentially support decision-making for orthopedics and ICU practitioners.
Dual-energy three compartment breast imaging (3CB) for novel compositional biomarkers to improve detection of malignant lesions
Authors: Leong Lambert , Malkov Serghei , Drukker Karen , Niell Bethany , Sadowski Peter , Wolfgruber Thomas , Greenwood Heather , Joe Bonnie , Kerlikowske Karla , Giger Maryellen , Shepherd John John 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We explore a compositional breast imaging technique known as three compartment breast (3CB) to improve malignancy detection. The addition of 3CB compositional information to computer-aided detection (CAD) software improved malignancy predictions resulting in an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.81 (confidence interval (CI) of 0.74-0.88) on a held-out test set, while CAD software alone achieved an AUC of 0.69 (CI 0.60-0.78). We also identified that invasive breast cancers have a unique compositional signature characterized by reduced lipid content and increased water and protein content when compared to surrounding tissues. Clinically, 3CB may potentially provide increased accuracy in predicting malignancy and a feasible avenue to explore compositional breast imaging biomarkers.
Mathematical Analysis of A Tuberculosis-Lymphatic filariasis Co-infection Model
Authors: Iyare Egberanmwen Barry , Akhaze Rosemary Uwaila , Ako Ignatius Imariabe 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
An Ordinary Differential Equation(ODE) co-infection model of Tuberculosis-Lymphatic filariasis is proposed with 17 mutually disjoint compartments. We showed that the model is Mathematically and Epidemiologically well-posed and the disease-free equilibrium(DFE) of the co-infection model is locally asymptotically stable if R_O<1, it is unstable if R_O>1. The numerical results show that lymphatic \textit{filariasis} infection increases susceptibility to tuberculosis infection. This is in agreement with literature that, persons with lowered immunity such as HIV, diabetes, immune disorder etc are at a higher risk of contacting infectious diseases. We also found that increasing the rate of diagnosis and treatment of active tuberculosis and symptomatic lymphatic \textit{filariasis} cases, the incidence of co-infection in the community can be reduced, and that if resources are limited, efforts should be targeted at treating only the co-infected cases. Sensitivity analysis showed that increasing mosquito mortality rate, reducing the probability of mosquito infecting humans, reducing the probability of humans infecting mosquitoes, reducing mosquitoes recruitment rate by destroying mosquitoes breeding sites and reducing the number of times a mosquito bites human will bring down the reproduction number to less than unity.
Tumor Mutational Burden and Survival in Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma&nbsp;Patients
Authors: Ding Haiyang , Yan Shu , Han Yuying , Ji Zhenguo , Yang Peiqian 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) is the second most prevalent subtype of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), accounting for 15% of all RCCs. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) is a promising prognostic factor in many types of cancers. The present study aimed to investigate the association between TMB and patient survival in PRCC patients.Methods: Genomic and clinical data of 281 PRCC patients were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Overall survival (OS) was compared between patients with high and low TMB using the Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank tests. Gene expression comparison and immune cell fraction comparison were performed using Student’s t test or Wilcoxon’s rank-sum test. Results: Patients with high TMB tumors had longer OS than those with low TMB tumors. Among tumor-infiltrating immune cells, high TMB tumors were associated with high levels of CD4+ T-cell infiltration, which were further associated with better survival. Furthermore, low TMB tumors were associated with a high level of infiltration of regulatory T-cells and dendritic cells. Among immune checkpoint genes, low TMB tumors expressed high levels of CD274, PDCD1LG2, LAG3, and TGFB1, and these genes were associated with a poor prognosis in PRCC. Among cytokine-related genes, low TMB tumors were associated with a high expression of IL6, whereas high TMB tumors were associated with a high expression of IFNA1.Conclusions: High TMB indicated better survival outcomes in PRCC patients. High TMB was associated with anti-tumor immune cell infiltration, whereas low TMB was associated with high expression of checkpoint genes that indicated a worse prognosis in RCC. Moreover, TMB was associated with the expression of immune cytokines. Thus, TMB may be a novel prognostic factor in PRCC.
Intraoperative Ultrasound Guided compared to Stereotactic Navigated Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Placement: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Leu Severina , Halbeisen Florian , Mariani Luigi , Soleman Jehuda 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) placement is one of the most frequent neurosurgical procedures. The position of the proximal ventricular catheter is important since it influences shunt functioning and survival. With freehand placement rates of malpositioned VPS are still high. Several navigation techniques for improvement of shunt placement have been development. Data comparing these techniques is sparse. The aim of this study is to prospectively compare ultrasound (US) guided to stereotactic navigated shunt placement with the focus on safety and feasibility.

Methods

In this prospective randomized, single-centre study we include all patients undergoing VPS placement in our clinic. The patients are randomized into two groups, one group undergoing US guided and the other group stereotactic navigated VPS placement. The study primarily seeks to compare the surgical intervention time between the two methods. Secondary objectives are different aspects of feasibility and safety of both methods.

Discussion

To date, there is no data available about the prospective comparison of these navigation techniques regarding feasibility and safety. A randomized controlled study is urgently needed in order to provide class I evidence for the best possible treatment of this large group of patients.
The underlying mechanisms of bilateral cerebral remodeling and acupuncture for rehabilitation after post-stroke hemiplegia: study protocol for a cross-sectional multimodal fMRI trial
Authors: Geng Hualei , Wang Yue , Wang Yahui , Jiang Lan , Chen Pei , Lu Mengxin , Du Zhongming , Chen Chen , Wu Kang , Tang Lixin , Tan Zhongjian , Li Kuangshi , Zou Yihuai 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Acupuncture plays a positive role in promoting the rehabilitation of post-stroke hemiplegia, but its specific central effect mechanism remains unclear. The changes of cerebral integrity, bilateral regulation and coordination are closer to the actual running state of brain after injury, while the research on bilateral cerebral reconstruction after unilateral motor pathway injury is not sufficient. The study of cerebral functional remodeling after stroke and mechanisms of acupuncture for post-stroke hemiplegia still faces many challenges. This study will explore the the underlying mechanisms of bilateral cerebral remodeling and acupuncture for post-stroke hemiplegia rehabilitation.
Methods

This is a single-center, cross-sectional, multimodal functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) study, with participants and data analyst blinded. 24 post-stroke patients with motor dysfunction and 24 healthy subjects that meet the inclusion criteria will be recruited in this study. All the patients enrolled in this study will receive the conventional standard medical care according to their chief doctors. Clinical data including motor function scales, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP), other related scales as well as fMRI imaging data will be collected at baseline and 2 weeks later. Functional connectivity(FC) is the primary and core outcome indicator of this study. Voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC), fractional anisotropy (FA),voxel-based morphometry (VBM), Fugl-Meyer Assessment(FMA) and hs-CRP are secondary outcome indicators. During the MRI scan, true or sham Yanglingquan(GB34) acupuncture stimulation on the left side and passive finger movement will be performed on the participants. The connection between cerebral imaging indicators and clinical indicators will be obtained by calculating the Pearson’s correlation coefficient.
Discussion

The results of our study will help to understand the cerebral remodeling mechanism of motor function improvement after stroke better and provide data support for the better application of acupuncture in clinical practice.
Trial registration:

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR1900022220). Regisered on 30 March 2019. http://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=37359
Mental health specialist video consultations versus treatment as usual in patients with depression or anxiety disorders in primary care: study protocol for an individually randomised superiority trial (the PROVIDE-C trial)
Authors: Haun Markus W. , Tönnies Justus , Brinster Regina , Weber Dorothea , Wensing Michel , Szecsenyi Joachim , Vomhof Markus , Icks Andrea , Wild Beate , Hartmann Mechthild , Friederich Hans-Christoph 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The majority of people with mental disorders, including those with severe and chronic disorders, are treated solely by their general practitioner (GP). Nevertheless, specialised mental health care may be required for specific patients. Notably, the accessibility of mental health specialist care is mainly complicated by (a) long waiting times for an appointment with specialists, (b) long travel distances to specialists, particularly in rural and remote areas and (c) patients’ reservations about mental health specialist care (including fear of being stigmatised by seeking such care). To mitigate those barriers, technology-based integrated care models have been proposed. The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a mental health specialist video consultations model versus treatment as usual in patients with depression or anxiety disorders in primary care. Methods: In an individually randomised, prospective, two-arm superiority trial with parallel group design, N = 320 patients with anxiety and/or depressive disorder will be recruited in general practices. The intervention includes a newly developed treatment model based on video consultations with focus on diagnostics, treatment planning, and short-term intervention by mental health specialists. We will systematically compare the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and adverse effects of this new model with usual care by the GP: The primary outcome is the absolute change in the mean depressive and anxiety symptom severity measured on the Patient Health Questionnaire Anxiety and Depression Scale (PHQ-ADS) from baseline to 6 months after baseline assessment. Follow-up in both groups will be conducted by blinded outcome assessors at 6 months and 12 months after baseline. The main analysis will be based on the intention-to-treat principle. We will optimise the likelihood of treatment effectiveness by strict inclusion criteria for patients, enhanced intervention integrity, and conducting a process evaluation. Discussion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first confirmatory study on a video-based, integrated care model for the treatment of anxiety and depressive disorders in GP patients in Germany. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, United States National Institutes of Health (NCT04316572, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04316572). Prospectively registered on 20 March 2020.
New taxa and new records of Afrotropical Epermeniidae (Lepidoptera) with a distributional checklist
Authors: Gaedike Reinhard 
Published: March 2021

The study of specimens, collected by David Agassiz in several African countries and in Madagascar, together with some specimens collected by Wolfram Mey, enabled not only the confirmation of some country records, but also the description of two new species (Epermenia (Calotripis) larseni and E. (C.) albofasciata), the description of the hitherto unknown female genitalia of Epermenia minuta Gaedike, 2004 and Ochromolopis namibica Gaedike, 2004 and the male genitalia of Ochromolopis xeropa (Meyrick, 1909). Two first records (Africepermenia tanzanica Gaedike, 2004 and Phaulernis montuosa Gaedike, 2013) for Zimbabwe and one for Kenya (Epermenia triacuta Gaedike, 2013) were made. A distribution list showing hitherto known occurrence of the family in the Afrotropics is presented.
Nomenclatural acts
Epermenia (Calotripis) larseni spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:FD37A601-032A-472B-9599-9E6DBCE52738Epermenia (Calotripis) albofasciata spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:EB6346C8-5761-4BFE-96F1-1FFD4B0A8FF0
Screening of Donated Blood for Transfusion Transmitted Infections by Serology and Response Rate to Notification of Reactive Results: A Tertiary Care Institutional Experience
Authors: Bhalara Rohit Vasantbhai , Shah Payal , Kothari Ravi Kiritkumar , Dhruva Gauravi 
Published: March 2021

Background: Safety for blood Transfusion begins with healthy donors. A basic part of preventing transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) is to notify and counsel reactive donors. This study analysed trends in the prevalence of transfusion-transmissible infectious pathogens among blood donors and notify them as well as to assess response rate among them. Donor notification and counselling protect the health of the donor and stop secondary transmission of infectious diseases.
Methods: 38707 blood donations were screened for TTIs, namely, HIV, HBV, HCV, and syphilis, Malarial Parasite by serology. ELISA testing for anti-HIV antibody, anti-HCV antibody and HBsAg and RPR test for syphilis, Rapid card test for Malarial Parasite. All reactive donors were retested in duplicate and notified of their status by communicating through telephone.
Result: We evaluated 341 (0.88%) cases with reactive screening test results (0.617% HBV, 0.016% HCV, 0.134% HIV, 0.08% syphilis, 0.031% Malaria ). Only 179 donors (52.5%) responded to notification. The response among voluntary donors was better as compared to the replacement donors (54.1 % versus 40.7 %). Only 101 (57.22%) responsive donors followed their first attendance at referral clinic.
Conclusion: Our study provides prevalence rate of TTIs among blood donors and importance of proper donor counselling and notification of TTI status to all reactive donors who opt to receive this information.
Heimat ist auf keiner Landkarte zu finden
Authors: Dietschy Beat 
Published: March 2021

Beat Dietschy beobachtet in seinem Beitrag «Heimat ist auf keiner Landkarte zu finden» einen überwunden geglaubten, «neuen Nationalismus», der sich u. a. in der Beteiligung von «rechtspopulistische[n] oder sogar rechtsextreme[n] Bewegungen» in mehreren europäischen Regierungen manifestiert. Diese Bewegungen bedienten sich nun vermehrt des Begriffs «Heimat» in dem Sinne, dass es um eine Heimat «gegen andere, eine, welche andere ausschliesst», geht. Darin vorausgesetzt ist jedoch ein «angeblich kulturell homogenes eigenes ‹Volk›» – eine Vorstellung, die jedoch «die längst bestehende kulturelle Vielfalt unserer Gesellschaften leugnet».
Dietschy referiert sodann Ernst Bloch, der seinerseits konstatierte, dass der Nationalsozialismus in seiner Propaganda mit ebendiesem Heimatbegriff sowie mit weiteren Symbolbegriffen wie «Boden» und «Nation» operierte und damit Massen begeistern konnte. Bloch setzte sich laut Dietschy daher zum Ziel, «solche Symbolbegriffe nicht kampflos dem Nationalsozialismus zu überlassen», sondern sie in einer eigenen Prägung dem Nationalsozialismus streitig zu machen und zwar derart, dass er eine Philosophie entwickelte, «in der Hoffnungen, Wünsche und Sehnsüchte eine zentrale Rolle spielen». Heimat ist darin nicht mit Herkunft und Vergangenheit, sondern mit der Zukunft verbunden.
In Aufnahme dieser Position entwickelt Dietschy einen dreifach neu besetzten Heimatbegriff, den er einer rechtspopulistischen Begriffsverwendung entgegenhält: Zum Ersten versteht er Heimat als «Resultat gesellschaftlicher Veränderungspraxis» und zwar dahingehend, dass mit Heimat stets ein «Transformieren und Überschreiten des Gegebenen» verbunden ist. Zweitens versteht er Heimat als «Antwort auf Entfremdung» in dem Sinne, dass Heimat «kein Ort und kein Land auf einer Landkarte» sei, sondern vielmehr durch «das Gestalten von Verhältnissen zwischen Menschen» überhaupt erst entstehe. Drittens postuliert er mit dem Heimatbegriff einen «Vorgriff auf andere Naturverhältnisse», in dem Herrschafts- und Ausbeutungsverhältnisse gerade auch gegenüber der Erde und den irdischen Lebensbedingungen verschwinden würden.