bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of High-Speed Versus Traditional Resistance Training in Older Adults
Authors: Vieira Itamar P. , Lobo Patrícia C. B. , Fisher James , Ramirez-Campilo Rodrigo , Pimentel Gustavo D. , Gentil Paulo 
Published: May 2021

Background: The losses of strength, agility, balance, and functionality caused by aging are harmful to the elderly population. Resistance training (RT) may be an efficient tool to mitigate such neuromuscular decline and different RT methods can be used. Therefore, it is important to investigate the different responses to different training methods. Hypothesis: Eight weeks of traditional resistance training (TRT) are expected to promote similar results to high-speed training (HST) in physical functional performance (PFP) and quality of life in the elderly. Study Design: A clinical trial. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Participants (n = 24) with a mean age of 67.8 ± 6.3 years completed 8 weeks of RT. They were allocated into HST (n = 12) and TRT (n = 12). TRT involved training with 10 to 12 repetitions at controlled velocity until momentary muscle failure, while HST involved performing 6 to 8 repetitions at 40% to 60% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM) at maximum velocity. Pre- and posttraining, the participants were tested for (1) maximum strength in the 45° leg press and chest press; (2) PFP in the 30-second chair stand, timed-up-and-go (TUG), and medicine ball throw test; and (3) quality of life. Results: Both groups improved muscle strength in the 45° leg press, with greater increases for TRT (HST: +21% vs TRT: +49%, P = 0.019). There was no change in chest press strength for HST (−0.6%) ( P = 0.61), but there was a significant increase for the TRT group (+21%, P = 0.001). There was a similar improvement ( P < 0.05) for both groups in TUG (HST: 7%; TRT: 10%), chair stand (HST: 18%; TRT: 21%), and medicine ball throwing performance (HST: 9%; TRT: 9%), with no difference between groups ( P = 0.08-0.94). Emotional aspect significantly increased by 20% ( P = 0.04) in HST and 50% ( P = 0.04) in TRT. Conclusion: Both TRT and HST are able to promote improvements in functional performance in the elderly with greater in strength gains for TRT. Therefore, exercise professionals could choose based on individual characteristics and preferences. Clinical Relevance: The findings provide important insights into how health care professionals can prescribe HST and TRT, considering efficiency, safety, and individual aspects.
Anatomic Variations of Ethmoid Roof and Risk of Skull Base Injury in Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: Statistical Correlations
Authors: Fadda Gian Luca , Petrelli Alessio , Martino Federica , Succo Giovanni , Castelnuovo Paolo , Bignami Maurizio , Cavallo Giovanni 
Published: May 2021

Background Recent developments in endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) have increased the need to investigate the complex anatomic variations in the ethmoid roof and skull base, to inform the surgeon about the risk of damaging these crucial areas during ESS. Objective To offer a detailed description of sinus anatomy focusing on the key surgical landmarks in ESS and frontal recess surgery to standardize a systematic approach during the preoperative sinuses imaging evaluation. Methodology: A total of 220 computed tomography (CT) scans were reviewed to obtain six sets of measurements: the depth of the cribriform plate (CP); the length of the lateral lamella of the cribriform plate (LLCP); the angle formed by the LLCP and the continuation of the horizontal plane passing through the CP; the position of the anterior ethmoidal artery (AEA) at the skull base; the extent of frontal sinus pneumatization (FSP); the type of superior attachment of the uncinate process (SAUP). Results The length of the LLCP was statistically significantly correlated with the different Keros classification types, the angle formed by the LLCP with the continuation of the horizontal plane passing through the CP, and with the AEA position at the skull base. The depth of the olfactory fossa was correlated with FSP. Conclusions According to the Keros and Gera classifications, the data obtained from these evaluations allow the assessment of anatomic-radiological risk profiles and can help identify those patients who are high risk for ethmoid roof injury.
Association of interleukin-17A rs2275913 polymorphism with rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility in Sudanese population
Authors: Osman Rgda Mohamed , Noma Mounkaila , Ahmed Abdallah Elssir , Abdelbagi Hanadi , Omer Rihab Ali , Ali Musab M , Mohammed Alameen Ayman Ali , Edris Ali Mahmoud , Muneer Mohamed S. , Siddig Omayma , Hassan Rowa , Ahmed Eiman Siddig , Hassan Lamis Ahmed , Bakheet Osama El Hadi , Ahmed Ayman , Mohamed Nouh Saad , Siddig Emmanuel Edwar 
Published: May 2021

Objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease. This study aimed to determine the association of interleukin-17A-197G/A polymorphism with rheumatoid arthritis in Sudanese patients. Methods: A case–control study was conducted between March and December 2018. Clinical and demographic data of the study participants were collected and analyzed. Polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism molecular technique was done to investigate interleukin-17A-197G/A polymorphisms. All statistical tests were considered statistically significant when p < 0.05. Results: The study population included 266 participants aged between 1 and 85 years, with an average of 40 years, classified into 85 (31.2%) cases (mean age 48.5 ± 11.3 years), and 181 (68.8%) controls (mean age 35.3 ± 15.9 years). The interleukin-17A homozygote AA genotype was more frequent among the control group compared to the case group; 95 (52.5%) and 7 (8.2%), respectively. The homozygote GG and the heterozygote AG genotypes were proportionally not different among the cases and control groups; 13 (54.2%) and 11 (45.8%), and 65 (46.4%) and 75 (53.6%), respectively. According to the distribution of interleukin-17A genotypes, a statistically significant difference was observed among cases with the interleukin-17A AA and AG genotypes, p values 0.001 and 0.004, respectively. For the association interleukin-17A genotypes and family history a negatively significant association was reported (95% confidence interval, –0.219, p value = 0.001). There was also a negatively significant association of interleukin-17A genotypes and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (95% confidence interval, −0.141, p value = 0.002). Conclusion: This study is the first study in Sudan established the association between interleukin-17A-197G/A (rs2275913) polymorphisms and susceptibly to rheumatoid arthritis. These findings appeal for further research in Sudan to investigate the exact role of IL-17A in immunopathology and disease severity among Sudanese rheumatoid arthritis
Maternal multiple sclerosis is not a risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring
Authors: Carta Alessandra , Zarbo Ignazio R , Scoppola Chiara , Pisuttu Giulia , Conti Marta , Melis Maria C , Martino Federica De , Serra Antonella , Biancu Maria A , Guerini Franca R , Bazzardi Riccardo , Sotgiu Stefano 
Published: May 2021

Background Childhood neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including specific learning disorders (SLD), attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), are pathogenically linked to familial autoimmunity and maternal immune-mediated diseases during pregnancy. Objective We studied maternal MS as a potential risk factor for NDDs occurrence in offspring. Methods MS and control mothers were subjected to questionnaires to ascertain NDD diagnosis in their progeny and the occurrence of both autoimmune and neurodevelopment disorders in their families. Suspected NDD cases were evaluated to confirm or rule out the diagnosis. Results Of the 322 MS women, 206 (64%) have 361 children; of these, 27 (7.5%) were diagnosed with NDD (11% ADHD; 22% ASD; 67% SLD). NDD-risk in offspring was associated to family history of autoimmunity and to NDDs both in MS and non-MS mother families ( r = 0.75; p = 0.005) whereas it was not associated to maternal MS. Conclusions For the first time, we demonstrate that maternal MS does not predispose children to higher risk for NDD. On a mechanistic view, we suggest that the intrinsic organ-specific nature of MS does not impair the mother–child cross-talk in decidua nor does it influence fetal neurodevelopment.
Assessment of immediate and non-immediate hypersensitivity contrast reactions by skin tests and provocation tests: A review
Authors: Bansie Rakesh D , Karim A Faiz , van Maaren Maurits S , Hermans Maud AW , van Daele Paul LA , Gerth van Wijk Roy , Rombach Saskia M 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Allergic and nonallergic hypersensitivity reactions to iodinated contrast media (ICM) and gadolinium-based contrast media are classified as immediate or non-immediate hypersensitivity reactions (IHR and NIHR), respectively. Skin tests and provocation tests are recommended for the evaluation of hypersensitivity reactions to contrast agents; however provocations are not common in clinical practice. Methods: A MEDLINE search was conducted to investigate studies comprising both skin tests and provocation tests that evaluated hypersensitivity reactions to ICM. Results: Nineteen studies were identified that reported on skin tests, followed by provocations. In the case of IHR to ICM, 65/69 (94%) patients with a positive skin test for the culprit media tolerated a challenge with a skin-test-negative alternative ICM. In IHR to ICM with a negative skin test for the culprit media, provocations were positive in 3.2%–9.1% patients. In the case of a NIHR to ICM with a positive skin test, provocation with a skin-test-negative agent was tolerated in 75/105 (71%) of cases. In NIHR with a negative skin test for the culprit agent, re-exposure to the culprit or an alternative was positive in 0%–34.6% patients. Provocations with the same ICM in skin test positive patients with IHR or NIHR were positive for a majority of the patients, although such provocation tests were rarely performed. Data on hypersensitivity reactions, skin tests and provocations with gadolinium-based contrast media were limited; however, they exhibited a pattern similar to that observed in ICM. Conclusion: In both ICM and gadolinium-based contrast media, the risk of an immediate repeat reaction is low when skin tests are negative. In contrast, a provocation with a skin-test-positive contrast medium showed a high risk of an immediate repeat hypersensitivity reaction. Therefore, a thorough medical history is necessary, followed by skin tests. A provocation is recommended, for diagnostic work-up, when the diagnosis is uncertain.
Keloidal pathophysiology: Current notions
Authors: Huang Chenyu , Ogawa Rei 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Keloids are pathological scars that are notorious for their chronic and relentless invasion into adjacent healthy skin, with commonly seen post-therapeutic recurrence after monotherapies. Methods: An English literature review on keloid pathophysiology was performed by searching the PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases, to find out the up-to-date relevant articles. The level of evidence was evaluated based on the included studies with the highest level of evidence first. Results: Keloid morphology, signs, symptoms and the histopathological changes that occur in the local cells and extracellular matrix components are described. The theories on the pathophysiology of keloidogenesis that have been proposed to date are also covered; these include endocrinological, nutritional, vascular, and autoimmunological factors. In addition, we describe the local mechanical forces (and the mechanosignalling pathways by which these forces shape keloid cell activities) that promote keloid formation and determine the direction of invasion of keloids and the body sites that are prone to them. Conclusion: A better understanding of this pathological entity, particularly its mechanobiology, will aid the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for use in the clinic to prevent, reduce or even reverse the growth of this pathological scar. Lay Summary Keloids are skin scars that are famous for their chronic invasion into healthy skin, with commonly seen recurrence after surgeries. Cells such as lymphocytes, macrophages, mast cells and endothelial cells are involved in keloid growth. Particularly, endocrinological, nutritional, vascular, autoimmunological and mechanical factors actively take part in keloid progression.
Chinese Traditional Culture Education: Implementing the Child’s Position and Perspective in the Elementary School Textbook Morality and Law
Authors: Zhang (章乐) Le 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: Failure to clarify the position of children in Chinese culture is a significant issue faced by Chinese traditional culture education (CTCE). Indeed, moral education needs to establish child’s perspective and position in Chinese society and incorporate these into the curricula on the excellent Chinese traditional culture. This study explores how the elementary school textbook, Morality and Law, has approached CTCE. Design/Approach/Methods: First, this article analyzes practical difficulties in CTCE: omission child’s position. Second, this article explores the child's position needed by CTCE based on Rousseau, Montessori, and Dewey’s contemporary views on children. At last, this article explores the strategy of how to implement the child’s position in CTCE based on Morality and Law. Findings: In respect to CTCE, Morality and Law positions children in various ways. In terms of its educational goal, the textbook is intended to improve children’s cultural education and appreciation. While the textbook’s editors mainly select positive content, negative content is also included. Always taking the child into consideration, the textbook incorporates systemized knowledge into children’s own lives, particularly insofar as the teaching strategy uses events or experiences in which children are interested. Originality/Value: Following the reform of China’s curriculum at the start of the 21st century, moral education textbooks were developed on the basis of the child’s position but remained weak in terms of traditional culture education. The approach adopted in Morality and Law and illustrated in this study bridges the gap between children and traditional culture, improves the effectiveness of CTCE, and provides other countries with insight based on China’s experiences in cultural education.
ADA Diabetes Risk Test Adaptation in Indonesian Adult Populations: Can It Replace Random Blood Glucose Screening Test?
Authors: Harbuwono Dante S. , Mokoagow Muhammad Ikhsan , Magfira Nadya , Helda Helda 
Published: May 2021

Aims The use of non-invasive and easily available assessment tools such as the ADA diabetes risk test is recommended for diabetes screening among general population. This study aims to assess the validity of the ADA diabetes risk test in screening for screening hyperglycemia in Indonesian population. Methods This cross-sectional study conducted at primary health care in Cibeber sub district at Cilegon city, Banten province, Indonesia. Subjects were aged ≥45 years old without a prior diagnosis of diabetes were recruited consecutively. The risk of hyperglycemia was measured using the ADA Diabetes Risk Test. Random capillary blood glucose (RcBG) with a cut-off value >140 mg/dL used as a comparison. Results From a total of 134 subjects, 23.13% of subjects (n = 31) had hyperglycemia. The ADA Diabetes Risk Test gave an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.71 (95% CI: 0.60-0.81) with an optimal cut-off of value ≥5. The sensitivity of the ADA diabetes risk test in diagnosing hyperglycemia was 68% with a false-negative rate (FNR) of 32.26%. Meanwhile, at a cut-off value ≥4, the sensitivity of the ADA Diabetes Risk Test was 93% with an FNR of 9.7%. Conclusion ADA diabetes risk test provides a valuable result as a diabetes screening tool in the Indonesian population, thus promotes intervention strategies for population known to be at risk
Leaning Into Whole Health: Sustaining System Transformation While Supporting Patients and Employees During COVID-19
Authors: Dryden Eileen M , Bolton Rendelle E , Bokhour Barbara G , Wu Juliet , Dvorin Kelly , Phillips Lauri , Hyde Justeen K 
Published: May 2021

Background The US Veterans Health Administration (VA) is transforming its healthcare system to create a Whole Health System (WHS) of care. Akin to such reorganization efforts as creating patient-centered medical homes and primary care behavioral health integration, the WHS goes beyond by transforming the entire system to one that takes a proactive approach to support patient and employee health and wellness. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic disrupted the VA’s healthcare system and added stress for staff and patients, creating an exogenous shock for this transformation towards a WHS. Objective We examined the relationship between VA’s WHS transformation and the pandemic to understand if transformation was sustained during crisis and contributed to VA’s response. Methods Qualitative interviews were conducted as part of a multi-year study of WHS transformation. A single multi-person interview was conducted with 61 WHS leaders at 18 VA Medical Centers, examining WH transformation and use during the pandemic. Data were analyzed using rapid directed content analysis. Results While the pandemic initially slowed transformation efforts, sites intentionally embraced a WH approach to support patients and employees during this crisis. Efforts included conducting patient wellness calls, and, for patients and employees, promoting complementary and integrative health therapies, self-care, and WH concepts to combat stress and support wellbeing. A surge in virtual technology use facilitated innovative delivery of complementary and integrative therapies and promoted continued use of WH activities. Conclusion The pandemic called attention to the need for healthcare systems to address the wellbeing of both patients and providers to sustain high quality care delivery. At a time of crisis, VA sites sustained WH transformation efforts, recognizing WH as one strategy to support patients and employees. This response indicates cultural transformation is taking hold, with WH serving as a promising approach for promoting wellbeing among patients and employees alike.
Book Review: Jyotiprasad Chatterjee and Suprio Basu. Left Front and After: Understanding the Dynamics of Poriborton in West Bengal and Suman Nath. People-Party-Policy Interplay in India: Micro-dynamics of Everyday Politics in West Bengal, c. 2008–2016
Authors: Guha Ayan 
Published: May 2021

Jyotiprasad Chatterjee and Suprio Basu. Left Front and After: Understanding the Dynamics of Poriborton in West Bengal. New Delhi, India: Sage. 2020. 255 pages. ₹1,195. Suman Nath. People-Party-Policy Interplay in India: Micro-dynamics of Everyday Politics in West Bengal, c. 2008–2016. New Delhi, India: Routledge. 2020. 221 pages. ₹995.
Return-to-Play Times and Player Performance After ACL Reconstruction in Elite UEFA Professional Soccer Players: A Matched-Cohort Analysis From 1999 to 2019
Authors: Forsythe Brian , Lavoie-Gagne Ophelie Z. , Forlenza Enrico M. , Diaz Connor C. , Mascarenhas Randy 
Published: May 2021

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is one of the most common injuries afflicting soccer players and requires a lengthy recovery processes after reconstructive surgery. The impact of ACL reconstruction (ACLR) on return to play (RTP) time and player performance in professional soccer players remains poorly studied. Purpose/Hypothesis: To determine player performance and RTP rate and time after ACLR in elite professional soccer players with a retrospective matched-cohort analysis. We expected that the RTP time and rate will be similar to those of other professional-level athletes. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Included were 51 players from 1 of the 5 elite Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) soccer leagues who suffered a complete ACL rupture between 1999 and 2019. These athletes were matched by position, age, season of injury, seasons played, and height and compared to uninjured control players. Change in performance metrics for the 4 years after the season of injury were compared with metrics 1 season before injury. Univariate 2-group comparisons were performed using independent 2-group t tests; Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were used when normality of distributions was violated. Results: Overall, 41 players (80%) returned to play after ACL rupture, with 6 (12%) experiencing a subsequent ipsilateral or contralateral ACL tear. The mean (±SD) RTP time for soccer players after ACLR was 216 ± 109 days (26 ± 18 games). Injured athletes played significantly fewer games and minutes per season and recorded inferior performances for 2 seasons after their injury ( P < .001). However, the game performance of injured players equaled or exceeded that of their matched controls by season 3 after injury, with the exception of attackers, who demonstrated a continued decline in performance ( P < .001). Conclusion: Results indicated that the mean RTP time for soccer players after ACLR is short in comparison with other major sports leagues (216 days). However, RTP rates were high, and rerupture rates were comparable with those of other sports. With the exception of attackers, player performance largely equaled or exceeded that of matched controls by the third postinjury season.
Training Pharmacy Students in Self-Medication Counseling Using an Objective Structured Clinical Examination–Based Approach
Authors: Farahani Imaneh , Farahani Samieh , Deters Maira Anna , Schwender Holger , Laeer Stephanie 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Pharmacists play an important role in ensuring the safe, effective, and rational use of drugs in self-medication. Given the potential risks of self-medication, adequate training on self-medication counseling should be provided to pharmacy students during their academic education. Objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs) could be used to train pharmacy students in these skills. This study evaluated the efficacy of an OSCE-based approach for training pharmacy students in self-medication counseling and communication skills. Methods: This randomized controlled study was conducted among pharmacy students using a pre-post design. The intervention group completed OSCE-based self-medication training, while the control group collected counseling-relevant information from summaries of product characteristics of over-the-counter drugs. The counseling and communication skills of both groups before and after training were assessed by completing OSCEs. The participants completed a self-assessment questionnaire on self-confidence and self-perceived proficiency before each OSCE encounter and a satisfaction survey at the end of the seminar. Results: Students were generally satisfied with the seminar. While the OSCE-trained group demonstrated significantly greater increases in counseling skills and self-confidence and self-perceived proficiency than the control group, both groups had similar increases in communication skills. Conclusion: The present study suggests that applying OSCEs as a learning tool for self-medication counseling is beneficial for improving students’ counseling skills as well as self-confidence and self-perceived proficiency. These results support the inclusion of OSCEs in pharmacy education and highlight its potential to bridge gaps between knowledge and practice.