bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous Determination of Abamectin and Closantel in Veterinary Formulation by Validated HPLC Method
Authors: Abd Elhalim Emad M , Amin Mohamed A , Ali Mohamed A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A rapid and accurate high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the determination of both abamectin and closantel in the veterinary formulation. The chromatographic separation was conducted on an Agilent 1200 with a UV detector using Waters C18 (4.6 mm × 50 mm; 2.7 μm). The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile:water (80:20 v/v) adjusts pH 3.0 using diluted phosphoric acid. The flow rate of 1.5 mL min−1 was used. An injection volume of 10 μL was used The calibration curve of abamectin B1b was linear with a correlation coefficient (r2) = 0.9996; over a concentration range of 2.0–8.0 μg/mL, abamectin B1a was linear with a correlation coefficient (r2) = 0.9997; over a concentration range of 8.0–32.0 μg/mL; with a retention time of 2.18 and 3.72 minutes for avermectin B1b and avermectin B1a, respectively. While the calibration curve of closantel was linear with a correlation coefficient (r2) = 0.99929; over a concentration range of 250.0–1,000.0 μg/mL for; with a retention time of 5.84 minutes. Correlation coefficient was r2 ≥ 0.999. The relative standard deviation was found to be ≤ 2. The proposed method was validated and successfully applied for the simultaneous determination of abamectin and closantel in the veterinary formulation.
Embolization of the thoracic duct in patients with iatrogenic chylothorax
Authors: Bazancir Laser Arif , Jensen Ruben Juhl , Frevert Susanne Christiansen , Ryom Philip , Achiam Michael Patrick 
Published: February 2021

SummaryChylothorax is leakage of lymphatic fluid accumulating in the pleural cavity due to the thoracic duct’s (TD) trauma or obstructions. It generally occurs as a traumatic complication after general thoracic surgery procedures (0.4%), especially after esophagectomy (4.7–8.6%). Traditionally, surgical intervention is performed if conservative management fails, but reports of high mortality (2.1%) and morbidity (38%) have led to the development of a minimally invasive percutaneous treatment method; TD embolization (TDE). The records of all patients treated for chylothorax with TDE from April 2015 to June 2019 were reviewed. Only patients with iatrogenic chylothorax were included. The outcomes measures are defined as a technical and a clinical success. A technical success, is defined as the ability to perform the embolization procedure, thereby injecting embolizing material Histoacryl with or without coils. A clinical success is defined as a complete cessation of lymphatic leakage into the pleural cavity without surgical intervention and, therefore, a cured patient. Lymphography was performed in all patients, and visualization of cisterna chyli was achieved in 14/17 patients (82.4%). Of the 17 patients included, 15 patients were successfully embolized and cured of chylothorax (88.2%). Successfully embolized patients had a median discharge time of 7 days. Most patients reported postprocedural pain, which was dealt with using conventional pain medication. TDE seems like a safe percutaneous treatment technique with a high clinical success rate in iatrogenic chylothorax patients which can be readily implemented if the clinical experience is available..
Is the right ventricular function affected by permanent pacemaker?
Authors: Bachani N , Bagchi A , Sinkar K , Jadwani JP , Panicker GK , Bansal R , Mahajan A , Lokhandwala Y 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
The effect of right ventricular (RV) pacing on left ventricular (LV) function has been extensively evaluated, and so has the effect of the RV pacing lead on tricuspid valve function. However, the effects on RV function per se have not been evaluated systematically.
Purpose
We aimed to assess the RV dimensions and RV function six months after dual chamber pacemaker implantation
performed for atrioventricular (AV) block by detailed echocardiography, including three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography.
Method
All adult patients undergoing dual chamber pacemaker from January 2018 to March 2019 for symptomatic AV block with a structurally normal heart were included in the study. They underwent pre-procedure detailed echocardiography specifically directed at measuring RV dimensions and function [including 3D RV ejection fraction (EF)] and a repeat detailed echocardiogram at six-month follow-up, by the same echocardiographer. The echocardiographic parameters at baseline and after six-month follow-up were compared.
Results
All patients had more than 75% ventricular pacing in these six months. At six-month follow-up, there was no significant change in LVEF, while there was a mild decrease in RVEF as outlined in the Table 1. While there was some overlap between RVEF range of values at baseline and after six months, 23 (38.3%) patients showed a drop in RVEF by &gt;5%.

Conclusion
Our study shows a change in several RV function parameters in a majority of patients six months after
pacemaker implantation for AV block.
RV Function at six month follow-up Parameters Pre-procedure Six-Month Follow-up p value (Paired t-test) PASP (mm Hg) 20.2 ± 1.3 26.1 ± 12.2 &lt;0.001 FAC (%) 42.6 ± 3.4 39.4 ± 6 &lt;0.001 TAPSE (mm) 18.4 ±3.8 15.6 ± 4.7 &lt;0.001 RIMP 0.66 ± 0.09 0.61 ± 0.11 0.003 RV E/E’ 9.4 ± 2.1 7.7 ± 2.1 &lt;0.001 RV S’ 13.6 ± 2.4 10.7 ± 2.4 &lt;0.001 RVEF % [By 3D Echocardiography] 47.7± 5.1 44.9 ± 7.4 &lt;0.001 TR Jet Area (cm2) 0.03 ± 0.26 0.55 ± 0.96 &lt;0.001 RV= Right Ventricle; RA= Right Atrium; RVOT = Right Ventricular Outflow Tract; PASP = Pulmonary Artery Systolic Pressure; FAC= Fractional Area Change; TAPSE= Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion; RIMP = Right Ventricular Index of Myocardial Performance; TR = Tricuspid Regurgitation S’ = Peak Systolic Annular Velocity; RVEF = Right Ventricular Ejection Fraction; 3D = Three Dimensional Abstract Figure. Change in RVEF in 6 months
Association of atrial strain ratio with invasive pulmonary hemodynamics in rheumatic mitral stenosis
Authors: Kaur V , Manouras A , Venkateshvaran A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background. Symptomatic rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS) results in elevation in left atrial (LA) pressure that is passively transmitted to derange pulmonary hemodynamics and subsequently elevate right ventricular afterload. We studied associations between LA to right atrial reservoir strain ratio (LA-RAs) and invasive pulmonary hemodynamics in addition to the ratio’s ability to identify subjects with elevated pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR).
Methods. Consecutive MS subjects undergoing right heart catheterization (RHC) and percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy (PTMC) were enrolled. Subjects with atrial fibrillation, &gt;mild mitral regurgitation, concomitant aortic valve or ischemic heart disease were excluded. LA-RAs was assessed by speckle-tracking echocardiography and stratified into high or low LA-RAs subgroups based on mean value. Correlations with invasive pulmonary hemodynamics was studied. ROC analysis was performed to identify pulmonary hypertension (PH) and PVR &gt; 3 Wood Units.
Results. 110 subjects were analysed (age: 32 ± 8; 72% female). LA and RA reservoir strain was feasible in 88 (80%) and 83 (75%) subjects respectively. Patients with low LA-RAs demonstrated more severe MS (0.8 ± 0.1 vs. 1.0 ± 0.2cm2), higher mean pulmonary artery (43 ± 13 vs. 33 ± 13mmHg) and capillary wedge pressure (28 ± 6 vs.23 ± 16mmHg) as compared with high LA-RAs (p &lt; 0.001 for all). LA-RAs was associated with invasive PA systolic (r=-0.30;p = 0.05), diastolic (r=-0.28;p = 0.02) and mean (r=-0.33; p = 0.002) pressures, demonstrated modest ability to identify elevated PVR (AUC = 0.65;p = 0.03) and strong ability to identify PH (AUC = 0.75; p &lt; 0.001). LA-RAs significantly increased after PTMC (0.43 ± 0.1 to 0.52 ± 0.1;p &lt; 0.001).
Conclusions. The novel atrial strain ratio is associated with measures of invasive pulmonary hemodynamics and demonstrates ability to identify PH and elevated PVR in MS.
Diagnostic utility of right atrial reservoir strain to identify elevated right atrial pressure in heart failure
Authors: Miah N , Ljung-Faxen U , Lund LH , Venkateshvaran A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background. Accurate non-invasive estimation of right atrial pressure (RAP) is essential to assess volume status and optimize therapy in heart failure (HF). This study aimed to evaluate the utility of right atrial reservoir strain (RASr) assessed by speckle-tracking echocardiography to identify elevated RAP in HF and compare diagnostic performance with the recommendation-based estimate employing inferior vena cava size and collapsibility (RAPIVC).
Methods. Association between RASr and invasive RAP (RAPInvasive) was examined in 103 HF subjects that underwent standard echocardiography with speckle-tracking strain analysis directly followed by right heart catheterization. The discriminatory ability of RASr to identify RAPInvasive &gt; 7mmHg was evaluated and compared with RAPIVC.
Results. RASr demonstrated a significant association with RAPInvasive (β = -0.41, p &lt; 0.001) and strong discriminatory ability to identify subjects with RAPInvasive &gt; 7mmHg (AUC = 0.78; 95% CI 0.68-0.87; p &lt; 0.001). At a cut-off value of -15%, RASr demonstrated 78% sensitivity, 72% specificity, 72% positive predictive value and 77% negative predictive value to identify elevated RAPInvasive. In comparison, RAPIVC (AUC = 0.71) demonstrated 89% sensitivity, 32% specificity, 55% positive predictive value and 77% negative predictive value with high false positive rate. In subjects with intermediate RAPIVC (8mmHg), RASr maintained significant diagnostic ability to identify elevated RAPInvasive (AUC = 0.69; 95% CI 0.52 to 0.85, p = 0.03).
Conclusions. RASr demonstrates strong ability to identify elevated RAP and may be useful as a novel noninvasive estimate of RAP in HF management.
Optical coherence tomography detection of vulnerable plaques at high risk of developing acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Kubo Takashi , Ino Yasushi , Mintz Gary S , Shiono Yasutsugu , Shimamura Kunihiro , Takahata Masahiro , Terada Kosei , Higashioka Daisuke , Emori Hiroki , Wada Teruaki , Kashiwagi Manabu , Tanimoto Takashi , Tanaka Atsushi , Hozumi Takeshi , Akasaka Takashi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimsThe ability of optical coherence tomography (OCT) to detect plaques at high risk of developing acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between non-culprit plaques characterized as both lipid-rich plaque (LRP) and thin-cap fibroatheroma (TCFA) by OCT and the risk of subsequent ACS events at the lesion level.Methods and resultsIn 1378 patients who underwent OCT, 3533 non-culprit plaques were analysed for the presence of LRP (maximum lipid arc &gt; 180°) and TCFA (minimum fibrous cap thickness &lt; 65 μm). The median follow-up period was 6 years [interquartile range (IQR): 5–9 years]. Seventy-two ACS arose from non-culprit plaques imaged by baseline OCT. ACS was more often associated with lipidic plaques that were characterized as both LRP and TCFA vs. lipidic plaques that did not have these characteristics [33% vs. 2%, hazard ratio 19.14 (95% confidence interval: 11.74–31.20), P &lt; 0.001]. The sensitivity and specificity of the presence of both LRP and TCFA for predicting ACS was 38% and 97%, respectively. A larger maximum lipid arc [1.01° (IQR: 1.01–1.01°)], thinner minimum fibrous cap thickness [0.99 μm (IQR: 0.98–0.99 μm)], and smaller minimum lumen area [0.78 mm2 (IQR: 0.67–0.90 mm2), P &lt; 0.001] were independently associated with ACS.ConclusionNon-culprit plaques characterized by OCT as both LRP and TCFA were associated with an increased risk of subsequent ACS at the lesion level. Therefore, OCT might be able to detect vulnerable plaques.
Radiofrequency ablation of ventricular tachycardia in Anderson–Fabry disease: a case series
Authors: Mills Mark T , Nelson Thomas A , Kelland Nicholas F , Sahu Jonathan , Lee Justin , Lewis Nigel , Hiwot Tarekegn , Kyriacou Andreas L 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundCardiac involvement in Anderson–Fabry disease (AFD) can lead to arrhythmia, including ventricular tachycardia (VT). The literature on radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for the treatment of VT in AFD disease is limited.Case summaryWe discuss RFA of drug-refractory VT electrical storm in three males with AFD. The first patient (53 years old) had extensive involvement of the inferolateral left ventricle (LV) demonstrated with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI), with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 35%. Two VT ablation procedures were performed. At the first procedure, the inferobasal endocardial LV was ablated. Furthermore, VT prompted a second ablation, where epicardial and endocardial sites were ablated. The acute arrhythmia burden was controlled but he died 4 months later despite appropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapies for VT. The second patient (67 years old) had full-thickness inferolateral involvement demonstrated with CMRI and LVEF of 45%. RFA of several endocardial left ventricular sites was performed. Over a 3-year follow-up, only brief non-sustained VT was identified, but he subsequently died of cardiac failure. Our third patient (69 years old), had an LVEF of 35%. He had RFA of endocardial left ventricular apical disease, but died 3 weeks later of cardiac failure.DiscussionRFA of drug-refractory VT in AFD is feasible using standard electrophysiological mapping and ablation techniques, although the added clinical benefit is of questionable value. VT storm in the context of AFD may be a marker of end-stage disease.
Combined ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and drug-refractory hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy: a case report
Authors: Akita Keitaro , Suwa Kenichiro , Urushida Tsuyoshi , Maekawa Yuichiro 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) is sometimes concomitant with atrial fibrillation (AF) and exacerbates heart failure symptoms. Although optimal medication for the reduction of left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction and the maintenance of sinus rhythm should be considered, it is difficult to control the symptoms permanently.

Case summary
A 45-year-old man, diagnosed with HOCM, presented with progressive dyspnoea on exertion, which significantly deteriorated during episodes of paroxysmal AF, despite optimal medical therapy. On echocardiography, we found LVOT obstruction with a peak pressure gradient of 98 mmHg, concomitant with redundant mitral valve leaflets, which caused significant systolic anterior motion (SAM). Since he declined open surgery, we selected a combination of catheter interventions, AF ablation, and alcohol septal ablation (ASA). After the AF ablation, the occurrence of AF significantly decreased, and there was no recurrence after the ASA. By 6 months, the plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide level had decreased from 1022 to 124 pg/mL, the peak pressure gradient of LVOT decreased from 98 to 12 mmHg, and the left atrium volume decreased from 203 to 178.4 mL. The improvement in the SAM was visualized on echocardiography and was haemodynamically corroborated by the four-dimensional (4D)-flow cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR).

Discussion
The treatment of drug-refractory HOCM concomitant with paroxysmal AF needs both septal reduction and the maintenance of sinus rhythm, which can be accomplished through transcatheter interventions. Moreover, the detailed intra-ventricular haemodynamic assessment in HOCM patients can be explored using the 4D-flow CMR.
Profound repolarization abnormalities after cylindrical battery ingestion: a case report
Authors: Huttelmaier Moritz Till , Lengenfelder Björn , Bauer Wolfgang Rudolf , Fischer Thomas Horst 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
Cardiac arrhythmias are a serious complication in patients admitted due to intoxication in suicidal attempts. Upon admission, detailed information about the specific kind of intoxication are frequently missing. The differential diagnoses of electrocardiogram (ECG) changes such as elevation of T-waves, prolongation of the QT-interval or elevation of ST-segments in this special subgroup of patients comprise drug-induced electrolyte disorders or direct toxic effects on cardiac excitation and repolarization.

Case summary
In this clinical report of a 27-year-old male patient, we present a case of unusual ECG alterations mimicking ST-elevation, high amplitude, biphasic T-waves and prolongation of QT-interval. These changes of surface ECG were induced by ingestion of cylindrical batteries in a suicidal attempt and immediately normalized after removal of batteries by esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

Discussion
There is limited literature describing changes in surface ECG in patients having ingested cylindrical batteries. We propose two hypotheses for the occurrence of these changes after ingestion of cylindrical batteries: (i) Cardiac movement within the perturbation field induced by the batteries causes electrical changes on a time scale of the heart rate which are above the threshold of the high pass filter. (ii) The batteries’ electrotonic potential affects the membrane currents of cardiac myocytes, not inducing an action potential but generating repolarization abnormalities. Individual factors, such as body constitution and localization of the batteries within the stomach, determine the interindividual characteristics of repolarization abnormalities.
Gastroenteritis and cardiogenic shock in a healthcare worker: a case report of COVID-19 myocarditis confirmed with serology
Authors: Sivalokanathan Sanjay , Foley Michael , Cole Graham , Youngstein Taryn 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) myocarditis is emerging as a component of the hyperactive inflammatory response secondary to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Isolated gastrointestinal symptoms are uncommon presenting features in adults with COVID-19 myocarditis. The availability of antibody testing is a valuable addition to the confirmation of COVID-19, when repeated reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction of nasopharyngeal swabs are negative.

Case summary
A young healthcare worker presented with dizziness and pre-syncope, 4 weeks after his original symptoms that included fever, lethargy, and diarrhoea. Despite 2 weeks of isolation, followed by a quiescent spell, his symptoms had returned. Shortly after, he presented in cardiogenic shock (left ventricular ejection fraction 25%), that required vasopressor support, at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging suggested florid myocarditis. Three nasopharyngeal swabs (Days 1, 3, and 5) were negative for SARS-CoV-2, but subsequent serology (Day 13) confirmed the presence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG. Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin and glucocorticoids led to full recovery.

Discussion
Our case study highlights the significance of the use of the available serological assays for diagnosis of patients presenting late with SARS-CoV-2. Importantly, it supports further research in the use of immunomodulatory drugs for the hyperinflammatory microenvironment induced by COVID-19.
Case report: a patient with thyroid storm, refractory cardiogenic shock, and cardiac arrest treated with Lugol's iodine solution and veno-arterial extra corporal membrane oxygenation support
Authors: Voll Marianne , Øystese Kristin Astrid , Høiskar Erik , Johansen Odd , Nyvold Cecilie , Norheim Ingrid , von Lueder Thomas G , Andersen Geir Øystein 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
Thyroid storm is a life-threatening condition. Refractory cardiogenic shock and cardiac arrest are rare complications of thyroid storm and the treatment options are limited.

Case summary
A 35-year- old woman treated for Grave’s disease was admitted with thyrotoxicosis complicated by infection and neutropenia caused by thionamide treatment. After treatment including beta-blockers, steroids, and Lugol’s iodine solution, she went into cardiac arrest. Echocardiography after resuscitation demonstrated severe biventricular heart failure. The patient was in refractory cardiogenic shock with recurrent cardiac arrest and mechanical circulatory support with a veno-arterial extra corporal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) circuit was established. After 2 days on V-A ECMO and supportive treatment with iodine solution, glucocorticosteroids, and levosimendan, her myocardial function recovered and thyroid hormone levels were normalized. Veno-arterial extra corporal membrane oxygenation was discontinued, and the patient was treated with early total thyroidectomy. The patient made a full recovery with no neurological/cognitive impairment, as assessed after 4 weeks.

Discussion
Adverse reactions to standard treatment of hyperthyroidism contributed to this patient’s development of thyroid storm and the following refractory cardiogenic shock. When she was critically unstable, levosimendan improved myocardial function while inotropic support with dobutamine was ineffective, likely due to prolonged beta-antagonist administration. Temporary support with V-A ECMO, until effective lowering of thyroid hormone levels and improvement in myocardial function were obtained, was life-saving in this young patient and may be considered in refractory cardiogenic shock caused by thyroid storm.
A telomere-to-telomere assembly of Oscheius tipulae and the evolution of rhabditid nematode chromosomes
Authors: Gonzalez de la Rosa Pablo Manuel , Thomson Marian , Trivedi Urmi , Tracey Alan , Tandonnet Sophie , Blaxter Mark 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Eukaryotic chromosomes have phylogenetic persistence. In many taxa, each chromosome has a single functional centromere with essential roles in spindle attachment and segregation. Fusion and fission can generate chromosomes with no or multiple centromeres, leading to genome instability. Groups with holocentric chromosomes (where centromeric function is distributed along each chromosome) might be expected to show karyotypic instability. This is generally not the case, and in Caenorhabditis elegans, it has been proposed that the role of maintenance of a stable karyotype has been transferred to the meiotic pairing centers, which are found at one end of each chromosome. Here, we explore the phylogenetic stability of nematode chromosomes using a new telomere-to-telomere assembly of the rhabditine nematode Oscheius tipulae generated from nanopore long reads. The 60-Mb O. tipulae genome is resolved into six chromosomal molecules. We find the evidence of specific chromatin diminution at all telomeres. Comparing this chromosomal O. tipulae assembly with chromosomal assemblies of diverse rhabditid nematodes, we identify seven ancestral chromosomal elements (Nigon elements) and present a model for the evolution of nematode chromosomes through rearrangement and fusion of these elements. We identify frequent fusion events involving NigonX, the element associated with the rhabditid X chromosome, and thus sex chromosome-associated gene sets differ markedly between species. Despite the karyotypic stability, gene order within chromosomes defined by Nigon elements is not conserved. Our model for nematode chromosome evolution provides a platform for investigation of the tensions between local genome rearrangement and karyotypic evolution in generating extant genome architectures.