bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased urbanization reduced the effectiveness of school closures on seasonal influenza epidemics in China
Authors: Lei Hao , Jiang Hangjin , Zhang Nan , Duan Xiaoli , Chen Tao , Yang Lei , Wang Dayan , Shu Yuelong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
School closure is a common mitigation strategy during severe influenza epidemics and pandemics. However, the effectiveness of this strategy remains controversial. In this study, we aimed to explore the effectiveness of school closure on seasonal influenza epidemics in provincial-level administrative divisions (PLADs) with varying urbanization rates in China.

Methods
This study analyzed influenza surveillance data between 2010 and 2019 provided by the Chinese National Influenza Center. Taking into consideration the climate, this study included a region with 3 adjacent PLADs in Northern China and another region with 4 adjacent PLADs in Southern China. The effect of school closure on influenza transmission was evaluated by the reduction of the effective reproductive number of seasonal influenza during school winter breaks compared with that before school winter breaks. An age-structured Susceptible-Infected-Recovered-Susceptible (SIRS) model was built to model influenza transmission in different levels of urbanization. Parameters were determined using the surveillance data via robust Bayesian method.

Results
Between 2010 and 2019, in the less urbanized provinces: Hebei, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Anhui, during school winter breaks, the effective reproductive number of seasonal influenza epidemics reduced 14.6% [95% confidential interval (CI): 6.2–22.9%], 9.6% (95% CI: 2.5–16.6%), 7.3% (95% CI: 0.1–14.4%) and 8.2% (95% CI: 1.1–15.3%) respectively. However, in the highly urbanized cities: Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai, it reduced only 5.2% (95% CI: -0.7–11.2%), 4.1% (95% CI: -0.9–9.1%) and 3.9% (95% CI: -1.6–9.4%) respectively. In China, urbanization is associated with decreased proportion of children and increased social contact. According to the SIRS model, both factors could reduce the impact of school closure on seasonal influenza epidemics, and the proportion of children in the population is thought to be the dominant influencing factor.

Conclusions
Effectiveness of school closure on the epidemics varies with the age structure in the population and social contact patterns. School closure should be recommended in the low urbanized regions in China in the influenza seasons.

Graphical abstract
Prevalence and early risk factors for bulimia nervosa symptoms in inner-city youth: gender and ethnicity perspectives
Authors: Ruchkin Vladislav , Isaksson Johan , Schwab-Stone Mary , Stickley Andrew 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundResearch on risk factors associated with bulimia nervosa symptoms (BN) in ethnic minorities has been limited. This study adds to the existing literature by providing the ethnicity- and gender-specific prevalence of BN in US inner-city youth and by exploring the longitudinal associations between a clinical level of BN and early risk factors assessed one year previously.MethodsThe study was conducted on a representative sample of predominantly ethnic minority youth (N = 2794; 54.1% female; age 11–16 years old (M(SD) = 12.77(1.29)); 60.0% African-American, 26.1% Hispanic American, 13.9% White). Self-reported information was obtained on BN and early risk factors (e.g., depressive and anxiety symptoms, posttraumatic stress, somatic complaints). Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to examine the longitudinal associations.ResultsThe 3-month BN prevalence was higher in girls (5.1%) than in boys (2.3%) (ratio 2.22:1). Significant differences in BN rates were found between White and African American students (higher in Whites), whereas Hispanic-Americans did not differ significantly from either group. Individuals with BN had significantly higher levels of early risk factors one year prior.ConclusionsTimely recognition of BN and associated early risk factors is important for early prevention and intervention strategies.
Dual-energy computed tomography: Survey results on current uses and barriers to further implementation
Authors: Hodgson Kirsten Elizabeth , Larkin Elizabeth A , Aznar Marianne C , Vasquez Osorio Eliana 
Published: October 2021

Objective: To gauge the current availability of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) scanners in the UK, establish available technologies, look broadly at current clinical uses in adults and paediatrics, and identify barriers to implementation and potential ways to increase use. Methods: A survey was distributed amongst 10 radiology departments and shared on two national professional co-operation mail bases; the survey ran from 20th July to 9th December 2020. It explored current DECT utilisation in adults and paediatrics as well as barriers to use and suggestions to overcome those barriers. Results: The survey demonstrated DECT availability on 39 (40%) of the 98 CT scanners, but there was limited clinical use in adults and paediatrics. Eighteen (72%) of the 25 respondents had access to at least one DECT scanner, with 14 (56%) having adult DECT protocols in clinical use; <10% head examinations and <50% for other anatomical areas. Only two (8%) respondents had DECT paediatric protocols in clinical use; <10% examinations for all anatomical areas. The main barriers to implementation identified were lack of experience with DECT (8 (44%) users (adult) and 10 (56%) users (paediatric)) and no clinical protocols available (6 (33%) users (adult and paediatric)). Understanding DECT benefits and establishing suitable protocols were the most popular suggestions for increased implementation (10 (40%) of 25 respondents). Conclusion: DECT scanners are available, but clinical use is limited for both adults and paediatrics. The main barriers identified were lack of experience with DECT and the availability of suitable protocols. Further work identified to help implementation included better education on the benefits of DECT, provision of clinical protocols and ensuring a multidisciplinary approach. Advances in knowledge: Barriers to implementation of clinical DECT protocols were identified, together with potential solutions to overcome these and enable further implementation.
Arte, Memoria y Territorio. Estudio de caso del proyecto “muralismo en mi barrio” en Huechuraba, Chile
Authors: Carrasco- Bahamonde Daniel 
Published: October 2021

La intervención mural del entorno urbano en Chile presenta una amplia tradición histórica. En el ámbito comunitario constituye una herramienta de mediación para la transformación material y la apropiación simbólica de espacios públicos que promueve la recuperación de áreas degradadas y el empoderamiento de las comunidades.
El artículo presenta una iniciativa de rehabilitación de un espacio público en la comuna de Huechuraba mediante una intervención mural del entorno y tiene como principales objetivos dar cuenta de la metodología de trabajo utilizada y los principales elementos gráficos que dan forma al mural, articulando en una experiencia transformadora arte, memoria y territorio.
La metodología se apoyó en un enfoque participativo que integra procesos de diálogo entre actores del territorio, la reconstrucción de su historia reciente, el co-diseño de una propuesta gráfico-pictórica y la co-producción de un mural comunitario.
La iniciativa contribuyó a generar instancias de encuentro, diálogo y reflexión entre diversos actores, transformando el rostro de un sector estratégico del casco histórico de la comuna y promoviendo el empoderamiento de las comunidades, el patrimonio cultural y la identidad del barrio.
Evaluation of clinical outcomes of patients with mild symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) discharged from the emergency department
Authors: Bagi Hamidreza Morteza , Soleimanpour Maryam , Abdollahi Fariba , Soleimanpour Hassan 
Published: October 2021

Introduction
This study was performed to determine the clinical outcomes of patients with mild symptoms of COVID-19 discharged from the emergency department.

Methods
The present descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 400 patients discharged with a diagnosis of COVID-19 from the emergency departments of hospitals affiliated to Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in the time period of 21 March-21 June, 2020. The disease characteristics and demographic data were collected by phone calls during the first, third, and fourth weeks using a researcher-made questionnaire. Finally, the data were analyzed by univariate logistic regression and cross-tabulation using the IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 20.

Results
In the first week of follow-up, 23(5.8%) patients died, of whom seven patients were female and 16 were male (mean age of death: 70.73±3.27). Out of 41 (10.3%) patients with underlying diseases, 7 (17.1%) died; but out of 359 (89.8%) cases with no history of disease only 16 (4.5%) died. The risk of death in subjects with a history of underlying diseases was 3.27 times higher than those without a history of disease (P = 0.02) (OR = 3.27, 95% CI, 1.20–8.87); and this risk was 1.41 times higher in patients with more family members (P = 0.04) (OR = 1.41, 95% CI, 1.01–1.97). Furthermore, 81 (20.3%) patients had spread the virus to others in their households and disregarded hygiene guidelines such as washing hands, keeping social distancing, and wearing face masks after discharge. In addition, family members of these patients were 16.37 times more likely to be infected than patients who followed the protocols (P ≤ 0.001) (OR = 16.37, 95% CI, 9.10–29.45).

Conclusion
Since our findings showed that mortality rate is high in the first week after patients’ referral to the emergency departments, the health status of infected people should be carefully monitored daily in this period.
The impact of combined age-related vision loss and dementia on the participation of older adults: A scoping review
Authors: McGrath Colleen , Karsan Inaara , Corrado Ann Marie , Lyons Taylor Ashley , Blue Melanie 
Published: October 2021

Introduction
There are a growing number of older adults with combined age-related vision loss (ARVL) and dementia. Existing literature shows the pervasive impact that both diagnoses have separately on the participation of older adults, however, little is known about the societal participation of older adults with both conditions. As such, the aim of this scoping review was to explore the combined impact of ARVL and dementia on the participation of older adults, with a specific focus on highlighting strategies that help mitigate the impact of ARVL and dementia on participation.

Methods
This study utilized a scoping review, informed by the framework by Arksey and O’Malley [1]. Two researchers independently ran a total of 62 search terms across four categories in six databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Embase, Medline, PsycINFO), with an initial yield of 2,053 articles. Grey literature was also included in this scoping review and was retrieved from organizational websites, brochures, conference proceedings, and a Google Scholar search. The application of study inclusion criteria resulted in a final yield of 13 empirical studies and 10 grey literature sources.

Results
Following detailed thematic analysis of the empirical and grey literature sources, four themes emerged regarding the impact of combined ARVL and dementia on the participation of older adults including: 1) Managing the pragmatic aspects of a dual diagnosis; 2) Diverse approaches to risk assessment and management; 3) Adopting a multi-disciplinary approach to facilitate care and; 4) Using compensatory strategies to facilitate participation.

Conclusions
The four themes highlight the challenges older adults with these combined diagnoses experience, which limit their opportunities for meaningful participation. Given the scarcity of research on this topic, future research should identify the type of ARVL and dementia diagnoses of study participants, conduct qualitative research about the lived experiences of older adults with a dual diagnosis, and broaden the geographic scope of research.
High association of COVID-19 severity with poor gut health score in Lebanese patients
Authors: Al Kassaa Imad , El Omari Sarah , Abbas Nada , Papon Nicolas , Drider Djamel , Kassem Issmat I. , Osman Marwan 
Published: October 2021

Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected millions of lives globally. However, the disease has presented more extreme challenges for developing countries that are experiencing economic crises. Studies on COVID-19 symptoms and gut health are scarce and have not fully analyzed possible associations between gut health and disease pathophysiology. Therefore, this study aimed to demonstrate a potential association between gut health and COVID-19 severity in the Lebanese community, which has been experiencing a severe economic crisis.

Methods
This cross-sectional study investigated SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive Lebanese patients. Participants were interviewed and gut health, COVID-19 symptoms, and different metrics were analyzed using simple and multiple logistic regression models.

Results
Analysis of the data showed that 25% of participants were asymptomatic, while an equal proportion experienced severe symptoms, including dyspnea (22.7%), oxygen need (7.5%), and hospitalization (3.1%). The mean age of the participants was 38.3 ±0.8 years, and the majority were males (63.9%), married (68.2%), and currently employed (66.7%). A negative correlation was found between gut health score and COVID-19 symptoms (Kendall’s tau-b = -0.153, P = 0.004); indicating that low gut health was associated with more severe COVID-19 cases. Additionally, participants who reported unhealthy food intake were more likely to experience severe symptoms (Kendall’s tau-b = 0.118, P = 0.049). When all items were taken into consideration, multiple ordinal logistic regression models showed a significant association between COVID-19 symptoms and each of the following variables: working status, flu-like illness episodes, and gut health score. COVID-19 severe symptoms were more common among patients having poor gut health scores (OR:1.31, 95%CI:1.07–1.61; P = 0.008), experiencing more than one episode of flu-like illness per year (OR:2.85, 95%CI:1.58–5.15; P = 0.001), and owning a job (OR:2.00, 95%CI:1.1–3.65; P = 0.023).

Conclusions
To our knowledge, this is the first study that showed the impact of gut health and exposure to respiratory viruses on COVID-19 severity in Lebanon. These findings can facilitate combating the pandemic in Lebanon.
The Story Within: Myth and Fairy Tale in Therapy, Yehudit Silverman (2020)
Authors: Bailey Sally 
Published: October 2021

Review of: The Story Within: Myth and Fairy Tale in Therapy, Yehudit Silverman (2020)
London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 250 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-78592-509-2, p/bk, $35.00
Trauma in the Creative and Embodied Therapies: When Words are not Enough, Anna Chesner and sissy lykou (eds) (2021)
Authors: de Broucker Agathe 
Published: October 2021

Review of: Trauma in the Creative and Embodied Therapies: When Words are not Enough, Anna Chesner and sissy lykou (eds) (2021)
Oxon and New York: Routledge, 190 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-13847-922-7, hbk, $160
ISBN 978-1-13847-921-0, pbk, $38.95
ISBN 978-1-35106-626-6, ebk, $38.95
A ABRANGÊNCIA DESTERRITORIALIZADA DA REDE DE ATENÇÃO BÁSICA À SAÚDE: A DIFUSÃO ESPACIAL DA COVID-19 EM BELÉM-PA/BRASIL
Authors: Viana Godoy Claudiana , De Miranda Rocha Gilberto 
Published: October 2021

As contribuições da Geografia Urbana e da Saúde são relevantes para a compreensão da dinâmica territorial da Rede de Atenção Básica (RAB) da saúde na cidade de Belém (PA), que dispõe de Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) desterritorializadas em um modelo de atuação similar aos postos de saúde da década de 1980. O presente artigo apresenta uma análise sobre a abrangência da RAB e o paralelismo entre a desconexão da AB e a propagação da Covid-19 e das altas taxas de mortalidade em um espaço de disparidade socioeconômica presente em Belém (PA). A discussão fundamenta-se na revisão do documento regulatório da Política Nacional de Atenção Básica, no mapeamento das UBS e na Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF), observando limites de atuação entre os bairros. Constatou-se que a RAB em Belém segue um padrão de porta de entrada desterritorializada em um modelo de atendimento tradicional, sem uma assistência territorial de equipes de Saúde da Família (eSFs). Antes do período pandêmico, o caos da saúde pública municipal em Belém já se anunciava pela precariedade da rede de AB, pela falta de recurso da rede hospitalar e das unidades de pronto atendimento (UPAs), além das más condições de habitação e saneamento básico.
Factorized Schemes for First and Second Order Evolution Equations with Fractional Powers of Operators
Authors: Vabishchevich Petr N. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Many non-local processes are modeled using mathematical models that include fractional powers of elliptic operators.
The approximate solution of stationary problems with fractional powers of operators is most often based on rational approximations introduced in various versions for a fractional power of the self-adjoint positive operator.
The purpose of this work is to use such approximations for the approximate solution of nonstationary problems.
We consider Cauchy problems for the first and second order differential-operator equations in finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces.
Estimates for the proximity of an approximate solution to an exact one are obtained when specifying the absolute and relative errors of the approximation of the fractional power of the operator.
We construct splitting schemes based on the additive representation with a rational approximation of the operator’s fractional power.
The stability and accuracy of factorized two-level additive operator-difference schemes for the first order evolution equation and three-level schemes for a second order equation are established.
Simulation of Fixture Hardening for Tool and Process Design Optimization
Authors: Vidoni M. , Sarkar S. , Farivar H. , Sims J. , Jordan M. , Münter D. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Fixture hardening is the process of choice when thin-walled, carburized gears need to be heat treated with minimal distortion. Only a few publications have studied and described the phenomena taking place in carburized gears during a fixture hardening process. An integrated approach is proposed to improve the design of hardening fixtures and introduce new strategies and instrumentation to better understand and control the process. The proposed approach is to tightly integrate the knowledge in metallurgy, numerical simulation, process control, and machine design areas to mutually compensate and overcome the current limitations in each single area. An instrumented fixture is designed for a reference gear and tested on an industrial quenching press. The signals from the fixture are combined directly with the signals from the quenching press, recorded, and used to validate and improve the numerical simulation models. Metallurgical simulations are used to predict temperature distribution, phase transformations, distortion, and to identify new process strategies.
Determinants of Corporate Savings in Germany
Authors: Jüppner Marcus 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
From the early 2000s onwards, the rise in net lending of the nonfinancial corporate sector has contributed substantially to the increase in the German current account surplus. The main driving factor behind the development in the nonfinancial corporate sector’s net lending was a rise in savings (retained earnings) while business investment was comparatively stable. To shed light on the determinants of corporate savings, this study presents results from an analysis using firm-level data from the recently developed Bundesbank database Janis. The descriptive analysis suggests that the increase in corporate savings was a widespread development across the corporate sector in Germany. In line with aggregate results, also the median firm saw an increase in profitability while dividends were subdued. Empirical results show that firms with initially higher leverage ratios increased their saving ratios more after the year 2001, providing arguments for a role of a desire to deleverage in explaining increased corporate savings. No (unanimous) evidence is found that increases in uncertainty and market power of firms affect corporate savings positively.
Influence of coupling effects on analytical solutions of functionally graded (FG) spherical shells of revolution
Authors: Flis Justyna , Muc Aleksander 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Due to the lack of commercially available finite elements packages allowing us to analyse the behaviour of porous functionally graded (FG) structures in this paper, axisymmetric deformations of coupled FG spherical shells are studied. The analytical solution is presented by using complex hypergeometric polynomial series. The results presented agree closely with the reference results for isotropic spherical shells of revolution. The influence of the effects of material properties is characterized by a multiplier characterizing an unsymmetric shell wall construction (stiffness coupling). The results can be easily adopted in design procedures. The present results can be treated as the benchmark for finite element investigations.
Performance of the 2016 diagnostic criteria for fibromyalgia in a tertiary care pain rehabilitation setting: a diagnostic accuracy study
Authors: Bruun Karin Due , Jensen Hanne Irene , Blichfeldt-Eckhardt Morten Rune , Vaegter Henrik Bjarke , Toft Palle , Amris Kirstine , Kvorning Nina 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objectives
With the International Classification of Diseases 11th revision (classifying fibromyalgia as a primary pain disorder) soon to be implemented, the importance of pain physicians being able to identify patients with fibromyalgia is emphasized. The diagnostic criteria proposed in 2016 are based on self-reported pain distribution and symptom severity. The study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the 2016 diagnostic criteria for fibromyalgia applied in a population of patients with high impact chronic pain referred for pain rehabilitation.

Methods
The study was performed as a diagnostic accuracy study at two Danish interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation centers, including 215 participants. All participants were evaluated clinically to identify patients with fibromyalgia. The diagnosis was based on expert opinion, but the minimum requirements were: (1) pain in all four body quadrants and axially for at least three months and (2) minimum 8 of 18 positive tender points. Participants filled in the fibromyalgia survey questionnaire, the patient version of the 2016 diagnostic criteria. Sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, and positive and negative post-test probabilities were calculated using a clinical diagnosis of fibromyalgia as the reference standard.

Results
Based on clinical diagnosis 45% of the participants were diagnosed with fibromyalgia; of these, only 19% had been diagnosed previously. The 2016 diagnostic criteria demonstrated a sensitivity of 88.5%, a specificity of 81.5%, a positive likelihood ratio of 4.79, a negative likelihood ratio of 0.14, a positive post-test probability of 79.4%, and a negative post-test probability of 10.2%.

Conclusions
Fibromyalgia was severely under-diagnosed among patients with high impact chronic pain referred to tertiary care in two pain rehabilitation centers in Denmark. The 2016 diagnostic criteria showed sufficient discriminatory properties suggesting that the fibromyalgia survey questionnaire can be used as a screening tool assisting the identification of fibromyalgia in this patient population.