bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Steroid-Inducible pOp6/LhGR Gene Expression System is Fast, Sensitive and Does NOT Cause Plant Growth Defects in Rice (Oryza Sativa)
Authors: Samalova Marketa , Moore Ian 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Inducible systems for transgene expression activated by a chemical inducer or an inducer of non-plant origin are desirable tools for both basic plant research and biotechnology. Although, the technology has been widely exploited in model plants, it has not been optimised for use with the major monocotyledonous crop species, namely rice. We have adapted the dexamethasone-inducible pOp6/LhGR system for rice and shown that it is fast, sensitive and tightly regulated, with high levels of induction that remain stable over several generations. Most importantly, we have shown that the system does not cause negative growth defects in vitro or in soil grown plants. Interestingly in the process of testing, we found that another steroid, triamcinolone acetonide, is a more potent inducer in rice than dexamethasone. We present serious considerations for the construct design to avoid undesirable effects caused by the system in plants, leakiness and possible silencing, as well as simple steps how to maximize translation efficiency of a gene of interest. Finally, we compare the performance of the pOp6/LhGR system with other chemically inducible systems tested in rice in terms of the properties of an ideal inducible system.
Impacts of Wildfire Frequency On Plant Recovery, Soil Properties And Water Storage In Pine Woodlands of North-Central Portugal
Authors: González-Pelayo Oscar , Prats Sergio , Elsen Erik van den , Malvar Maruxa , Ritsema Coen , Bautista Susana , Keizer Jan Jacob 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
PurposeIncreasing wildfire frequency in Mediterranean-basin together with drought periods expansion could affect plant-soil-water dynamics processes. The goal is to assess the effects of wildfire frequency on plant recovery, soil properties, soil moisture content (SMC; %) and effective soil water content (ESWC; %) during the first hydrological year after a 2012 moderate-severity-wildfire.MethodsThis study was conducted in pine woodlands of North-central Portugal affected by 1-, 4-wildfires and unburnt (1975-2012). Soil samples were gathered from plant/bare microsites at top-mid-bottom hillslope positions to determine bulk density, soil texture, soil moisture, soil organic matter content-SOM, pF-curves (available water content-AWC, field capacity-FC, permanent wilting point-PWP) (n=54) during four dry/wet periods. Soil cover, plant recovery and soil water repellency were measured. On the burnt areas 72 sensors daily/seasonal monitored SMC and ESWC at two depths (2.5/7.5 cm) and two microsites (plant/bare). ResultsThe 1 fire hillslopes showed higher plant recovery than the 4 fires hillslopes. SOM was higher in the burnt soils (17-20%) than in the unburnt ones (12-14%). Wildfire frequency: i) increased the water stress for plants and led to both maximum and minimum values of SMC/ESWC, respectively, for the wet-/dry-seasons; ii) reduced the capacity of the soils to retain water (decreased FC/AWC, increased PWP), being more accentuated in bare microsites. ConclusionThe increasing wildfire frequency and the predicted expansion of drought periods promotes lower water availability for plants in the more frequent bare soil patches. The water-stress window of the dry season happened sooner and extended for longer as increasing wildfire frequency.
New dispersion formula and results of its application
Authors: Chernov Andrey 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The aim of the study was to obtain a new physical formula for determining the refractive indices of light as a function of wavelength, which can be applied to a wide range of transparent substances. In the process of research on the basis of Einstein's relativistic formula, such a dispersion formula was obtained. Comparison of the obtained indicators with laboratory indicators showed the high accuracy of the new dispersion formula, which was ±10 -7 − 10 -5 in the calculated wavelength ranges of more than 100 nm.The new dispersion formula is obtained on the basis of the mathematical dependence of the speed of propagation of photons in a transparent substance on the energy density of electron clouds of atoms of the substance. Energy is a universal category, therefore, it is possible to apply the basic version of the new formula (where instead of the wavelength there is the energy density of electron clouds) when conducting research in all areas of light generation, manipulation and detection.And, finally, the very fact of applying the adapted relativistic Einstein's formula to physical processes occurring at the atomic level allows us to look at the nature of the interaction of light and matter from a new angle.
The Glasgow Prognostic Score Before Curative Resection May Predict Postoperative Complications In Patients With Gastric Cancer
Authors: Shimoda Yota , Fujikawa Hirohito , Komori Keisuke , Watanabe Hayato , Takahashi Kosuke , Kano Kazuki , Yamada Takanobu , Shiozawa Manabu , Morinaga Soichiro , Katsumata Kenji , Tsuchida Akihiko , Ogata Takashi , Oshima Takashi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Despite improvements in surgical techniques and devices and perioperative care of gastric cancer (GC), the rate of postoperative complications still has not decreased. If patients at high risk for postoperative complications could be identified early using biomarkers, these complications might be reduced. In this study, we investigated usefulness of the preoperative Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) as a predictive factor for complications after surgery in patients with stage II/III GC.Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of 424 patients who underwent curative surgery for pathological Stage II/III GC from February 2007 to July 2019 at a single center. The GPS was assessed within 4 days before surgery. To identify independent risk factors for postoperative complications, univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using a Cox proportional hazards model.Results: The numbers of patients with a GPS of 0, 1, and 2 were 357, 55, and 12, respectively. The rate of complications after surgery was significantly higher among patients with a GPS of 1 or 2 than among patients with a GPS of 0 (p = 0.008). Multivariate analysis identified a GPS of 1 or 2 as an independent predictive factor for postoperative complications (p = 0.037). Conclusion: The preoperative GPS may be a useful predictive factor for postoperative complications in patients with stage II/III GC. Being aware of the risk of complications after surgery as indicated by the GPS before surgery may promotes safe and minimally invasive surgery that we expect will improve outcomes in these patients.
Effect of biosurfactant sophorolipids on Rhizomucor miehei lipase fermentation by Aspergillus oryzae
Authors: Zhang Qianqian , Xiong Zhiyue , Sun Lei , Tian Xiwei , Tian Guiwei , Yang Yiming , Li Xu , Chu Ju 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this study, the effect of biosurfactant sophorolipids on Rhizomucor miehei lipase (RML) fermentation by Aspergillus oryzae was investigated. With the exogenous addition of 0.3% (w/v) sophorolipids in the initial medium, the RML activity reached 430.0 U/mL, an increase of 25.0% compared to the control group. Subsequently, the physiological metabolic responses of A. oryzae to the addition of sophorolipids were further explored. The results showed that although sophorolipids had almost no effect on the RML secretion, it would affect the morphology of the cells. During the late phase of the fermentation, the proportion of middle pellets, which were generally considered as an energetic and stable state for enzyme production was increased with the addition of sophorolipids. Simultaneously, the viscosity of fermentation broth was reduced, thereby contributing to the oxygen transfer and RML production. Finally, it could be found that the addition of sophorolipids significantly increased the content of precursor amino acids, especially for those rank first and second of the RML composition, and it could promote the synthesis of RML.
On Clustering for Cell Phenotyping in Multiplex Immunohistochemistry (mIHC) and Multiplexed Ion Beam Imaging (MIBI) Data
Authors: Seal Souvik , Wrobel Julia , Johnson Amber M. , Nemenoff Raphael A. , Schenk Erin L. , Bitler Benjamin G. , Jordan Kimberly R. , Ghosh Debashis 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Problem: Multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) and multiplexed ion beam imaging (MIBI) images are usually phenotyped using a manual thresholding process. The thresholding is prone to biases, especially when examining multiple images with high cellularity. Results: Unsupervised cell phenotyping methods including PhenoGraph, flowMeans, and SamSPECTRAL, primarily used in flow cytometry data, often perform poorly or need elaborate tuning to perform well in the context of mIHC and MIBI data. We show that, instead, semi-supervised cell clustering using Random Forests, linear and quadratic discriminant analysis are superior. We test the performance of the methods on two mIHC datasets from the University of Colorado School of Medicine and a publicly available MIBI dataset. Each dataset contains numerous highly complex images.
Injectable Small Intestinal Submucosa and Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Composite Gel Promoting The Deep Partial-Thickness Burns Repair
Authors: Guo Xing , Guo Jiang , Zhou Hong , Huang Denghua , Zou Longfei , Tan Meiyun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Backgroud:

Burns wound treatment remains a significant clinical challenge around the world. Although stem cell-based scaffold therapies are promising strategy for burn wounds, its clinical therapeutic effect is still not satisfactory nowadays. Herein the aim of this study is to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of injectable small intestinal submucosa (SIS) and rat adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) composite gel to repair the deep partial thickness burns in rats.
Methods

The deep partial-thickness burns model in rats were made by contacting the dorsal surface SIS memberance directly with boiled water for 10 seconds. After scalding, the wound edge and the central area were injected for phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution, ADSCs, injectable SIS and injectable SIS/ ADSCs composite gel, respectively. At 3, 7, 14 and 21 days post injection treatment, the burn wound closure percentages were evaluated. Moreover, micro-vascular density and epidermal thickness assessment in burn wound were performed by histopathology examination or immunofluorescence. Besides, the expression of genes related to wound angiogenesis and re-epithelialization were determined in vitro.
Results

Our data revealed that that injectable SIS gel could provide a well-grown microenvironment for ADSCs in vitro, and the ADSCs-SIS composite gel could synergistically promote the deep partial-thickness burn repair via paracrine and differentiation mechanisms.
Conclusions

Taken together, this study shows the ADSCs-SIS composite gel is a promising candidate for burn wound regeneration.
Spartina Alterniflora Raised Soil Sulfide Content by Regulating Sulfur Cycle-Associated Bacteria in the Jiuduansha Wetland of China
Authors: He Chiquan , Cheng Liyu , Wang Daoyuan , Zhao Zhenzhen , Wang Zhengyu , Wang Feifei , Wang Xiaoxi , Zhang Pu , Chen Xueping , Liu Xiaoyan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose The Spartina alterniflora invasion across the southeast coast in China significantly reduced vegetation diversity and generated associated ecological problems. Sulfur (S) is a vital nutrient, while sulfide is phytotoxic and the impact of S. alterniflora invasion on soil S cycle remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the impacts of S. alterniflora invasion on the S cycle and associated soil microbial communities.Methods Both field investigation and lab-scale experiments were conducted, analyzing soil sulfide and sulfate contents, soil properties over four seasons in the Jiuduansha Wetland of Shanghai, China, the high-throughput sequencing of soil microbial communities, S cycle-related functional genes and seed germination experiments. Results The contents of sulfide, soil organic carbon (SOC), and total nitrogen (TN) in the bulk soil of S. alterniflora invaded area were higher than those in the native species S. mariqueter habitat and bare mudflat soils. Spartina alterniflora invasion increased the abundance of the Nitrospiraceae and Desulfarculaceae families and reduced that of Hydrogenophilaceae. The relative abundance of the S reduction functional genes (dsrA + dsrB) in the soil was increased after S. alterniflora invasion, while that of the S oxidation functional genes (yedZ + soxY) in the soil was reduced. Seed germination experiments with different sodium sulfide concentrations (Na2S) revealed that the phytotoxicity of sulfide caused more lethal damage to S. mariqueter than to S. alterniflora.Conclusion The S. alterniflora invasion significantly increased SOC and TN contents and reduced the abundance of sulfur-oxidizing functional genes, which led to the accumulation of soil sulfide.
Factors Predicting Six Months Breastfeeding among Thai Adolescent Mothers*
Authors: Thaithae Suparp , Yimyam Susanha , Polprasarn Pridsadaporn - 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: This predictive correlation research aimed to study variables that predict six months of breastfeeding among Thai adolescent mothers. Methods: The participants were 253 Thai adolescent mothers and attending the Department of Well-baby Clinic at hospitals of Bangkok Metropolitan Administration. Data were collected by using questionnaires comprising the following areas: personal characteristics and intention to be pregnant, perceived benefits of breastfeeding, perceived barriers to breastfeeding and breastfeeding self–efficacy, family support, perception of performance from nurses, digital literacy, and the infant feeding form passing checking of the validity of contents and computing Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient. Data were analyzed by using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and logistic regression.Results: The findings revealed that digital literacy [Exp (B) = 1.248, 95%CI = 1.120-1.392], self– efficacy [Exp (B) = 1.066, 95%CI = 1.018-1.116] and intention to pregnancy [Exp (B) = 1.139, 95%CI = 1.009-1.284] could explain 37.5% (R2 = 0.375, p<0.05) of the variance in the six months exclusive breastfeeding among Thai adolescent mothers. Conclusions: The result of this study may help health care providers in developing some activities and strategies to improve digital literacy skills. They should enhance self-efficacy for breastfeeding practice among adolescent mothers by providing knowledge and practice of breastfeeding at the antenatal clinic. Moreover, a predictive study on factors related to six months of breastfeeding among Thai adolescent mothers may be done in the future. This can be achieved by realigning breastfeeding policy directives as well as traditional family practices, community collaboration in conjunction with the hospital to promote breastfeeding beyond six months of infants’ age, school, and establishment.
Establishing a Genomic Database for the Traditional Medicinal Plants in the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia
Authors: ZHOU GUANRU , Liao Baosheng , Li Qiushi , Xu Jiang , Chen Shilin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundBrazil is exceptionally abundant in traditional medicinal plant resources and has a rich ethnopharmacological history. Brazilian Pharmacopoeia (BP) acts as a national standard regulating drugs’ quality and has six published editions. Recent genomic approaches have led to a resurgence of interest in herbal drugs. Plants’ genomic data have been used for pharmaceutical applications, protecting natural resources, and efficiently regulating the market. However, there are few genomic databases specifically on medicinal plants, and establishing one focusing on the herbs of BP is urgently needed. MethodsThe BP editions’ medicinal plant species were analyzed to understand the evolution of the herbal drugs in Brazil. A new database, BPGD (Brazilian Pharmacopoeia Genomic Database), was constructed based on a typical web server architecture. A BLAST server for species identification and sequence searching with internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2), intergenic region (psbA-trnH), and chloroplast genome (cp-G) of Brazilian traditional medicinal plants was also embedded in BPGD. Data of 82 plants in BP were collected and categorized into four parts: DNA barcodes, super-barcodes, genomes, and sequencing data. Further, the cp-Gs of Aloe genus in the database were analyzed as an illustration.ResultsBPGD (V1.0) has been tested and opened for public users. The database provides a comprehensive set of data, including the description and identification criteria of medicinal plants, and allows sequence-based search using BLAST. The database has 753 ITS2 of 76 species, 553 psbA-trnH and 190 genomes (whole genome and chloroplast genome) of 57 species, and 37 genome sequence data sets of 24 species and 616 transcriptome sequence data sets of 34 species. The data includes 187 cp-Gs representing 57 medicinal species in BP. Analysis of the six cp-Gs of three Aloe species identified the variable regions in cp-Gs, which could be used to identify species and understand the intraspecific relationship. ConclusionsThis study presents the first genomic database for traditional medicinal plants listed in the latest BP. It serves as an efficient platform to obtain genomic data, specifically on medical plants listed in the BP (http://bpgenome.com/).
Effectiveness of Sarolaner in the Clinical Management of Furuncular Myiasis in Dogs Naturally Infested with Dermatobia Hominis (Diptera: Cuterebridae)
Authors: Andriotti Paula A. , Souza Clarissa P. , de Oliveira Priscila Cardim , Melo Rodrigo C. , Verocai Guilherme G. , Fernandes Julio I. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background – The human botfly, Dermatobia hominis is a common cause of furuncular myiasis in dogs in Latin America. Lesions can be single or multiple, each harboring an individual larva, presented as an erythematous nodule that causes pruritus and pain. Typical treatment consists of sedation for removal of larvae by surgical incision or manual pressure. Medications to kill the larva before its extraction can reduce inflammation and discomfort, and provide a less traumatic larval removal. Isoxazolines are broad-spectrum ectoparasiticides with larvicidal activity previously reported in the treatment of screwworm myiasis in companion animals. The aim of this study was evaluate the effectiveness of sarolaner as part of the clinical management of furuncular myiasis in dogs caused by D. hominis larvae. Methods and materials – Ten short-haired mixed breed dogs naturally infested. Clinical diagnosis was achieved by observation of skin nodules and visualization of larval motility through the lesion orifice. Sarolaner was administered at manufacturer recommended dose for fleas and ticks. Lesions were reexamined 24 hours post-treatment and assessed for viability of larvae. Larvae were removed by digital compression and identified as D. hominis.Results – Seventy-five D. hominis larvae were retrieved from 10 dogs. No live larvae were observed, demonstrating 100% larvicidal efficacy of sarolaner. Skin lesions were healed 30 days post-treatment and new lesions were not observed.Conclusions – Sarolaner seems to be effective as larvicidal treatment for dogs with furuncular myiasis, reducing discomfort caused by the presence of the larva in the skin and facilitating its safe removal.
Thirty-eight-year Follow-up of the First Patient of Mandibular Reconstruction with Free Vascularized Fibula Flap
Authors: Puricelli Edela , Chem Roberto Correa 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: The mandible is responsible for vital functions of the stomatognathic system, and its loss results in functional and aesthetic impairment. Mandibular reconstruction with free fibula flap is considered the gold standard for mandibular reconstruction.Case presentation: We describe here the 38-year follow-up of the patient who was the first case of mandibular reconstruction with free fibula flap reported in the literature. The original report describes a 27-year-old woman who had undergone extensive mandibulectomy due to an osteosarcoma. A microvascularized fibula flap was used for mandibular reconstruction in 1983. Two years later, a vestibulo-lingual sulcoplasty with skin graft was performed to allow the construction of a total dental prosthesis. Fifteen years after the initial treatment, an autologous iliac crest graft was placed in the fibula flap, aimed at increasing bone thickness and height for rehabilitation with implant supported prosthesis. In 2015, a rib graft was positioned in the mental region, enhancing the support to the soft tissues of the face and improving the oral function. A recent review of the patient shows well-balanced facial morphology and optimal functional results of the procedure. Conclusions: The fibula flap method, described in 1975 and first reported for mandibular reconstruction in 1985, continues to be applied as originally described, especially where soft tissue damage is not extensive. Its use in reconstructive surgery was expanded by advancements in surgery and techniques such as virtual surgical planning. However, there is still a lack of evidence related to the long-term evaluation of outcomes. The present work represents the longest-term follow-up of a patient undergoing mandibular reconstruction with free vascularized fibula flap, presenting results showing that, even after 38 years, the procedure continues to provide excellent results.
The Yield of Neuroimaging in Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department With Isolated Neuro-Ophthalmological Complaints
Authors: Zahran Tharwat El , Hadi Dalia El , Mostafa Hala , Mansour Hana , Hashim Ibrahim , Tahhan Soubhi , Ghannam Alaa Bou 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Neuro-ophthalmological emergencies require prompt assessment and management to avoid vision or life-threatening sequelae. The decision to perform a neuroimaging procedure is currently based on the clinical judgement of the medical team, without defined indications. This study aims to identify presenting symptoms and physical exam findings associated with relative positive findings on neuroimaging studies,Methods: This study was conducted by reviewing the electronic medical records of patients presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) with isolated neuro-ophthalmologic complaints between January 1st, 2013 and September 30th 2019. We collected data on the clinical presentation, neuroimaging procedures and results, consults, and diagnoses.Results: We reviewed the charts of 211 patients of whom 50.7% were females and had a mean age of 41.2 ±21.4 years. Most presented with unilateral eye complaints (53.6%), and the most common symptoms were blurred vision (77.3%) and headaches (42.2%). A total of 126 imaging procedures were performed of which 74.6% were normal, while 25.4% showed relevant abnormal findings. Complaining of blurry vision (p=0.038) or visual field changes (p=0.014) at presentation were associated with having positive findings on imaging. Physical exam findings of a visual field defect (p=0.016), abnormal pupil reactivity (p=0.028), afferent pupillary defect (p=0.018), or abnormal optic disc exam (p=0.009) were also associated with positive findings on imaging.Conclusion: Neuroimaging is more likely to yield positive findings in patients presenting to the ED with blurred vision or changes in visual field and in those found to have visual field irregularities, afferent pupillary defects or abnormal optic discs on physical exam. These findings - when combined with the proper clinical setting - should lower the threshold to proceed with neuroimaging in the emergency department. Based on our results, larger-scale studies might lead to a well-structured algorithm to be followed by ED physicians in decision making.