bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DieTryin: An R package for data collection, automated data entry, and post-processing of network-structured economic games, social networks, and other roster-based dyadic data
Authors: Ross Cody T. , Redhead Daniel 
Published: August 2021

AbstractResearchers studying social networks and inter-personal sentiments in bounded or small-scale communities face a trade-off between the use of roster-based and free-recall/name-generator-based survey tools. Roster-based methods scale poorly with sample size, and can more easily lead to respondent fatigue; however, they generally yield higher quality data that are less susceptible to recall bias and that require less post-processing. Name-generator-based methods, in contrast, scale well with sample size and are less likely to lead to respondent fatigue. However, they may be more sensitive to recall bias, and they entail a large amount of highly error-prone post-processing after data collection in order to link elicited names to unique identifiers. Here, we introduce an R package, DieTryin, that allows for roster-based dyadic data to be collected and entered as rapidly as name-generator-based data; DieTryin can be used to run network-structured economic games, as well as collect and process standard social network data and round-robin Likert-scale peer ratings. DieTryin automates photograph standardization, survey tool compilation, and data entry. We present a complete methodological workflow using DieTryin to teach end-users its full functionality.
German normative data with naming latencies for 283 action pictures and 600 action verbs
Authors: Busch Johannes L. , Haeussler Femke S. , Domahs Frank , Timmermann Lars , Weber Immo , Oehrn Carina R. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTimed picture naming is a common psycholinguistic paradigm. In this task, participants are asked to label visually depicted objects or actions. Naming performance can be influenced by several picture and verb characteristics which demands fully characterized normative data. In this study, we provide a first German normative data set of picture and verb characteristics associated with a compilation of 283 freely available action pictures and 600 action verbs including naming latencies from 55 participants. We report standard measures for pictures and verbs such as name agreement indices, visual complexity, word frequency, word length, imageability and age of acquisition. In addition, we include less common parameters, such as orthographic Levenshtein distance, transitivity, reflexivity, morphological complexity, and motor content of the pictures and their associated verbs. We use repeated measures correlations in order to investigate associations between picture and word characteristics and linear mixed effects modeling for the prediction of naming latency. Our analyses reveal comparable results to previous studies in other languages, indicating high construct validity. We found that naming latency varied as a function of entropy of responses, word frequency and motor content of pictures and words. In summary, we provide first German normative data for action pictures and their associated verbs and identify variables influencing naming latency.
Falls and fractures in subjects over 65 years old and their associations with geriatric syndromes: Russian epidemiological study EVKALIPT
Authors: Vorobyeva N. M. , Khovasova N. O. , Tkacheva O. N. , Kotovskaya Yu. V. , Selezneva E. V. , Ovcharova L. N. 
Published: August 2021

Background. In the Russian Federation, the prevalence of falls and fractures in older people in the general population is unknown. Single studies have been carried out on small samples (hospitalized patients, patients with diabetes mellitus etc.). Objective. To investigate history of low-energy fractures, frequency of falls in the past year and their associations with other geriatric syndromes (GS) in subjects aged ≥65 years.Materials and methods. We examined 4308 subjects (30% of men) aged 65 to 107 years (mean age 78 ± 8 years) in 11 regions of the Russian Federation, who were divided into 3 age groups (65-74, 75-84 and ≥85 years old). All participants underwent comprehensive geriatric assessment, which consisted of two stages: 1) survey on a specially designed questionnaire; 2) physical examination.Results. The frequency of falls over the past year was 30%, including 25,7% — in subjects aged 65-74 yrs, 29,8% — 75-84 yrs, 37,3% — ≥85 yrs (p for trend <0,001). Of these, 62% of participants fell 1 time, 38% — 2 times or more. With the same frequency, the subjects fell at home (41%) and on the street (42%), 17% of subjects fell both at home and on the street. A history of low-energy fractures was found in 17% of the participants, among which the most frequent (63%) were fractures of the radius. Univariate regression analysis with sex and age (as a discret variable) adjustment, where the falls in the past year were considered as the dependent variable, and GS as independent one, demonstrated that all GS were associated with falls in the past year with odds ratios (ORs) ranging from 1,25 to 3,13. Multivariate regression analysis with age and sex adjustment showed that independent predictors of falls were female gender (ORs 1,51; 95% confidence interval 1,26-1,82; р<0,001) and 6 GS (malnutrition, depression, urinary and fecal incontinence, chronic pain and dependence in instrumental activities in daily life) with a 1,3-2,4 times increase of falls risk.Conclusion. In EVKALIPT study we firstly obtained the domestic data on the prevalence of falls and low-energy fractures history in subjects aged >65 years in the general population and studied associations between falls in the past year and other geriatric syndromes.
Clinical and instrumental assessment of fat and skeletal muscle mass in patients with back pain of various age groups
Authors: Zhulina Ju. S. , Novikova A. V. , Pravdyuk N. G. 
Published: August 2021

Цель: оценить состояние жировой и спинальной мышечной массы с помощью магнитно-резонансной томографии (МРТ), его взаимосвязь с дегенеративным поражением позвоночника (ДПП) у пациентов пожилого, среднего, молодого возрастов с болью в спине (БС).
Classification of Filament Formation Mechanisms in Magnetized Molecular Clouds
Authors: Abe Daisei , Inoue Tsuyoshi , Inutsuka Shu-ichiro , Matsumoto Tomoaki 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Recent observations of molecular clouds show that dense filaments are the sites of present-day star formation. Thus, it is necessary to understand the filament formation process because these filaments provide the initial condition for star formation. Theoretical research suggests that shock waves in molecular clouds trigger filament formation. Since several different mechanisms have been proposed for filament formation, the formation mechanism of the observed star-forming filaments requires clarification. In the present study, we perform a series of isothermal magnetohydrodynamics simulations of filament formation. We focus on the influences of shock velocity and turbulence on the formation mechanism and identified three different mechanisms for the filament formation. The results indicate that when the shock is fast, at shock velocity v
sh ≃ 7 km s−1, the gas flows driven by the curved shock wave create filaments irrespective of the presence of turbulence and self-gravity. However, at a slow shock velocity v
sh ≃ 2.5 km s−1, the compressive flow component involved in the initial turbulence induces filament formation. When both the shock velocities and turbulence are low, the self-gravity in the shock-compressed sheet becomes important for filament formation. Moreover, we analyzed the line-mass distribution of the filaments and showed that strong shock waves can naturally create high-line-mass filaments such as those observed in the massive star-forming regions in a short time. We conclude that the dominant filament formation mode changes with the velocity of the shock wave triggering the filament formation.
AGB Interlopers in YSO Catalogs Hunted out by NEOWISE
Authors: Lee Jeong-Eun , Lee Sieun , Lee Seonjae , Suh Kyung-Won , Cho Se-Hyung , Byun Do-Young , Park Wooseok , Herczeg Gregory , Contreras Peña Carlos , Johnstone Doug 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Asymptotic giant branch stars (AGBs) and young stellar objects (YSOs) often share the same domains in infrared (IR) color–magnitude or color–color diagrams leading to potential misclassification. We extracted a list of AGB interlopers from the published YSO catalogs using the periodogram analysis on the Near-Earth Object Wide Infrared Survey Explorer (NEOWISE) time series data. YSO IR variability is typically stochastic and linked to episodic mass accretion. Furthermore, most variable YSOs are at an early evolutionary stage, with significant surrounding envelope and/or disk material. In contrast, AGBs are often identified by a well-defined sinusoidal variability with periods of a few hundreds days. From our periodogram analysis of all known low-mass YSOs in the Gould Belt, we find 85 AGB candidates, out of which 62 were previously classified as late-stage Class III YSOs. Most of these new AGB candidates have similar IR colors to O-rich AGBs. We observed 73 of these AGB candidates in the H2O, CH3OH, and SiO maser lines to further reveal their nature. The SiO maser emission was detected in 10 sources, confirming them as AGBs because low-mass YSOs, especially Class III YSOs, do not show such maser emission. The H2O and CH3OH maser lines were detected in none of our targets.
MicroRNA-21 Deficiency Promotes the Early Th1 Immune Response and Resistance toward Visceral Leishmaniasis
Authors: Varikuti Sanjay , Verma Chaitenya , Holcomb Erin , Jha Bijay Kumar , Viana Agostinho , Maryala Ritvik , Lamenza Felipe , McElwain Bryan K , Doni Nebiye Yentur , Papenfuss Tracey , Oghumu Steve , Gannavaram Sreenivas , Nakhasi Hira L , Satoskar Abhay R 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) inhibits IL-12 expression and impairs the Th1 response necessary for control of Leishmania infection. Recent studies have shown that Leishmania infection induces miR-21 expression in dendritic cells and macrophages, and inhibition of miR-21 restores IL-12 expression. Because miR-21 is known to be expressed due to inflammatory stimuli in a wide range of hematopoietic cells, we investigated the role of miR-21 in regulating immune responses during visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania donovani infection. We found that miR-21 expression was significantly elevated in dendritic cells, macrophages, inflammatory monocytes, polymorphonuclear neutrophils, and in the spleen and liver tissues after L. donovani infection, concomitant with an increased expression of disease exacerbating IL-6 and STAT3. Bone marrow dendritic cells from miR-21 knockout (miR-21KO) mice showed increased IL-12 production and decreased production of IL-10. On L. donovani infection, miR-21KO mice exhibited significantly greater numbers of IFN-γ– and TNF-α–producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in their organs that was associated with increased production of Th1-associated IFN-γ, TNF-α, and NO from the splenocytes. Finally, miR-21KO mice displayed significantly more developing and mature hepatic granulomas leading to reduction in organ parasitic loads compared with wild type counterparts. Similar results were noted in L. donovani–infected wild type mice after transient miR-21 depletion. These observations indicate that miR-21 plays a critical role in pathogenesis of VL by suppressing IL-12– and Th1-associated IFN-γ and also inducing disease-promoting induction of the IL-6 and STAT-3 signaling pathway. miR-21 could therefore be used as a potential target for developing host-directed treatment for VL.
IFN-γ Manipulates NOD1-Mediated Interaction of Autophagy and Edwardsiella piscicida to Augment Intracellular Clearance in Fish
Authors: Yin Licheng , Lv Mengyuan , Qiu Xingyang , Wang Xinyan , Zhang Anying , Yang Kun , Zhou Hong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Edwardsiella piscicida is an intracellular pathogenic bacterium accounting for significant losses in farmed fish. Currently, cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying E. piscicida–host cross-talk remain obscure. In this study, we revealed that E. piscicida could increase microtubule-associated protein L chain 3 (LC3) puncta in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) monocytes/macrophages and a carp cell line, Epithelioma papulosum cyprini. The autophagic response was confirmed by detecting the colocalization of E. piscicida with LC3-positive autophagosomes and LysoTracker-probed lysosomes in the cells. Moreover, we unveiled the autophagic machinery targeting E. piscicida by which the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain receptor 1 (NOD1) functioned as an intracellular sensor to interact and recruit autophagy-related gene (ATG) 16L1 to the bacteria. Meanwhile, E. piscicida decreased the mRNA and protein levels of NOD1 and ATG16L1 in an estrogen-related receptor-α–dependent manner, suggesting a possible mechanism for this bacterium escaping autophagy. Subsequently, we examined the effects of various E. piscicida virulence factors on NOD1 expression and found that two of them, EVPC and ESCB, could reduce NOD1 protein expression via ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation. Furthermore, an intrinsic regulator IFN-γ was found to enhance the colocalization of E. piscicida with NOD1 or autophagosomes, suggesting its involvement in the interaction between autophagy and E. piscicida. Along this line, a short-time treatment of IFN-γ caused intracellular E. piscicida clearance through an autophagy-dependent mechanism. Collectively, our works demonstrated NOD1-mediated autophagy–E. piscicida dialogues and uncovered the molecular mechanism involving autophagy against intracellular bacteria in fish.
IL-6 Generated from Human Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells through TLR4 Signaling Promotes Emergency Granulopoiesis by Regulating Transcription Factor Expression
Authors: Sasaki Yumi , Guo Yong-Mei , Goto Tatsufumi , Ubukawa Kumi , Asanuma Ken , Kobayashi Isuzu , Sawada Kenichi , Wakui Hideki , Takahashi Naoto 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Emergency granulopoiesis, also known as demand-adapted granulopoiesis, is defined as the response of an organism to systemic bacterial infections, and it results in neutrophil mobilization from reservoir pools and increased myelopoiesis in the bone marrow. Indirect and direct initiating mechanisms of emergency granulopoiesis have been hypothesized. However, the detailed mechanism of hyperactive myelopoiesis in the bone marrow, which leads to granulocyte left shift, remains unknown. In this study, we report that TLR4 is expressed on granulo-monocytic progenitors, as well as mobilized human peripheral blood CD34+ cells, which account for 0.2% of monocytes in peripheral blood, and ∼ 10% in bone marrow. LPS, a component of Gram-negative bacteria that results in a systemic bacterial infection, induces the differentiation of peripheral blood CD34+ cells into myelocytes and monocytes in vitro via the TLR4 signaling pathway. Moreover, CD34+ cells directly responded to LPS stimulation by activating the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways, and they produced IL-6 that promotes emergency granulopoiesis by phosphorylating C/EBPα and C/EBPβ, and this effect was suppressed by the action of an IL-6 receptor inhibitor. This work supports the finding that TLR is expressed on human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, and it provides evidence that human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells can directly sense pathogens and produce cytokines exerting autocrine and/or paracrine effects, thereby promoting differentiation.
Oscillating spectral multipliers on groups of Heisenberg type
Authors: Bramati Roberto , Ciatti Paolo , Green John , Wright James 
Published: August 2021

We establish endpoint estimates for a class of oscillating spectral multipliers on Lie groups of Heisenberg type. The analysis follows an earlier argument due to the second and fourth author [Springer INdAM Ser., vol. 45 (2021)], but requires the detailed analysis of the wave equation on these groups due to Müller and Seeger [Anal. PDE 8 (2015)].
We highlight and develop the connection between sharp bounds for oscillating spectral multipliers and the problem of determining the minimal amount of smoothness required for Mihlin–Hörmander multipliers, a problem that has been solved for groups of Heisenberg type but remains open for other groups.
BUEN GOBIERNO Y BUENA ADMINISTRACIÓN EN LA SANIDAD PÚBLICA
Authors: CUETO PÉREZ MIRIAM 
Published: August 2021

El ámbito sanitario constituye uno de los sectores que presentan una mayor importancia para la ciudadanía, como ha puesto en evidencia la actual crisis. por ello se deben producir avances que garanticen la adecuada gestión de este servicio público. Desde hace tiempo se han venido reclamando cambios estructurales muchos de los cuales se pueden impulsar desde los principios de buen gobierno como desde una implantación real y efectiva del derecho a una buena administración. Desde la perspectiva del buen gobierno son necesarios unos mayores avances que garanticen aspectos como la equidad, la profesionalización de la toma de decisiones y la implantación de códigos éticos de conducta. Por su parte, la buena administración en el ámbito sanitario implica la consecución de derechos previamente reconocidos en las normas sanitarias y el refuerzo de la posición jurídica del paciente.Osasunaren eremua sektorerik garrantzitsuenetako bat da herritarrentzat, oraingo krisiak agerian utzi duen bezala, eta horregatik, zerbitzu publiko hori egoki kudeatzea bermatzen duten aurrerapenak gertatu behar dira. Egiturazko aldaketak eskatu dira aspalditik, eta gobernu onaren printzipioetatik bultzatu ahal dira horietako asko, bai eta administrazio on baterako eskubidea benetan eta eraginkortasunez ezarriz ere. Gobernu onaren ikuspegitik aurrerapen handiagoak behar dira zenbait alderdi bermatzeko, hala nola ekitatea, erabakiak hartzeko prozesuaren profesionalizatzea eta jokabide-kode etikoen ezarpena. Eremu sanitarioko administrazio onak, berriz, arau sanitarioetan aurretiaz aitortutako eskubideak lortzea dakar, bai eta pazientearen egoera juridikoa indartzea ere.Health is one of the most important sectors for citizenship, as the ongoing crisis has shown, and accordingly some advances have to be introduced in order to ensure the adequeate managing of this public service. For some time now some structural changes have been called which many of them can be promoted both from the principle of good government and from a real and effective implementation of the right to good adminisration. From the perspective of the good government, some advances are necessary to ensure issues as equity, the profesionalization of the decision making process and the implantation of the ethic codes of conduct. For its part, good administration within the health sector implies the realization of rights previously acknowledged by the health laws and the strengthtening of the legal position of the patient.
LA PROHIBICIÓN DEL ENRIQUECIMIENTO INJUSTO DE LA ADMINISTRACIÓN PÚBLICA Y EL RECONOCIMIENTO EXTRAJUDICIAL DE CRÉDITOS
Authors: LEIVA LÓPEZ ALEJANDRO DAVID 
Published: August 2021

La cada vez más extendida práctica administrativa local consistente
en asumir compromisos de pago derivados de contratos sin contar con la
previa consignación presupuestaria, o excediéndose del crédito preexistente,
pone de relieve que nos encontramos ante gastos nulos de pleno derecho. Sin
embargo, la invalidez de estos contratos no podía eximir a la Administración de
su obligación de resarcir aquellas prestaciones realizadas por terceros de buena
fe, si con ello se evita el enriquecimiento injusto de la Administración. Por ello, se
configuró el procedimiento de reconocimiento extrajudicial de créditos, como mecanismo
excepcional que busca evitar que las Administraciones se enriquezcan
injustamente. Así pues, el presente trabajo tiene por objeto analizar la legitimidad
de este mecanismo desde la perspectiva de la teoría del enriquecimiento injusto
¿entendido éste como una fuente de obligaciones autónoma¿, así como examinar
las disputas jurisprudenciales que ha suscitado esta institución del reconocimiento
extrajudicial de créditos en los últimos tiempos.
Toki-administrazioan gero eta ohikoagoa da kontratuen ondoriozko
ordainketa-konpromisoak hartzea aldez aurretik aurrekontuan kontsignatu
gabe, edo lehendik dagoen aurrekontua gaindituta, eta horrek agerian uzten du
gastu horiek erabat deusezak direla. Hala ere, kontratu horiek baliozkoak ez izateak
ez du administrazioa salbuesten beste batzuek fede onez egindako prestazioak ordaintzeko
betebeharretik, betiere horrela administrazioa bidegabe aberastea eragozten
bada. Horregatik, kredituak auzibidetik kanpo aitortzeko prozedura eratu
zen, administrazioak bidegabe aberastea eragotzi nahi duen salbuespenezko mekanismo
modura. Hori horrela, lan honek xedetzat du mekanismo horren zilegitasuna
aztertzea bidegabeko aberastearen teoriaren ikuspegitik ¿hori eginbehar-iturri
autonomotzat hartuta¿, bai eta kredituak auzibidetik kanpo aitortzeko instituzio
horrek azkenaldian eragin dituen jurisprudentzia-eztabaidak aztertzea ere.
When the Spanish Administration assumes payment commitments
derived from contracts, without having the prior budget or exceeding the preexisting
credit, those expenses will be automatically void. However, the invalidity
of these contracts could not exempt the Administration from the obligation
to compensate those services provided by third parties in good faith, if this
avoids the unjust enrichment. For this reason, the extrajudicial recognition of
credits was created as an exceptional mechanism that seeks to avoid the unjust enrichment. Therefore, this paper analyzes the legitimacy of this mechanism from
the perspective of the theory of unjust enrichment ¿understood as an autonomous
source of obligations¿, as well as we also examine the most important Spanish
case law disputes about this institution of extrajudicial recognition of credits in
recent times.
LOS ÓRGANOS ADMINISTRATIVOS TRANSITORIOS
Authors: IZU BELLOSO MIGUEL JOSÉ 
Published: August 2021

Las clasificaciones de los órganos administrativos suelen dar por
supuesto que todos los órganos tienen carácter estable y permanente. Ignoran la
existencia, absolutamente normal, de órganos administrativos que se crean con
un carácter no solo temporal, sino transitorio, con una misión determinada, a menudo
para la tramitación de un único procedimiento administrativo, a cuya conclusión
quedan disueltos. Tanto el legislador como la doctrina científica no prestan atención a estos órganos, la mayor parte de la normativa general aplicable a los
órganos administrativos resulta incompatible con su naturaleza.
Administrazio-organoen sailkapenek jakintzat eman ohi dute
organo guztiek izaera egonkorra eta iraunkorra dutela. Ez dute kontuan hartzen
guztiz normala dela zenbait administrazio-organo aldi baterako izaeraz ez ezik,
baita izaera iraunkorraz ere, sortzea, xede jakin batez, maiz administrazioprozedura
bakar bat izapidetzeko, eta hura amaituta, desegin egiten direla.
Hala legegileak nola zientzia-doktrinak ez diete jaramonik egiten organo horiei,
eta administrazio-organoei aplikatu beharreko araudi orokor gehienak ez dira
bateragarriak haien izaerarekin.
Classifications of administrative bodies or agencies usually
assume that all of them are stable and permanent. They ignore the absolutely
normal existence of administrative bodies that are created not only temporarily,
but also transitory, with a specific task, often for the processing of a single
administrative procedure, at the conclusion of which they are dissolved. Both the
legislator and the scientific doctrine do not pay attention to these bodies, most of
the general regulations applicable to administrative agencies are incompatible
with their nature.