bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medical Needs Documented by Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Responders to Areas Affected by Typhoon Haiyan in the Philippines: Implications on Disaster Response Policy
Authors: Gundran Carlos Primero D. , Lam Hilton Y. , Lopez Jaifred Christian F. , Santamaria Emelia B. , Tuazon Anna Cristina A. , Tayao Lotgarda 
Published: January 2021

Background. Despite existing disaster preparedness policies in the Philippines, there has not been any validated assessment of the quality of disaster medical response, which would require reliable aggregate data on patient diagnoses and management.
Objective. This mixed-methods study documented the diagnoses, triage classification and case management of patients seen by Philippine EMS groups who responded to the Typhoon Haiyan disaster in the Philippines in November and December 2013, as well as difficulties associated in gathering these data, using the Utstein-style Template for Uniform Data Reporting of Acute Medical Response in Disasters as framework.
Methods. Three hundred (300) individuals vetted by EMS organizations were invited to answer a survey modeled after the Utstein-style template, and submit tallies of patients seen. Out of 52 responses received, policy recommendations were subsequently generated on concerns assessed by the template using the nominal group technique.
Results. The submitted data yielded a total of 41,202 patients with information on age, sex, and diagnosis; 19,193 with triage classification; and 27,523 with information on case management. The focus group discussion underlined the absence of a standard communication and information management system. Participants recommended establishing such a system, and highlighted the role of the Department of Health – Health Emergency Management Bureau in coordinating disaster medical response efforts and information management.
Conclusion. This study underlines the importance of effective communication, and multisectoral coordination, to generate reliable data and thus, facilitate resource allocation for disaster medical response.
Scaling up Primary Health care in the Philippines: Lessons from a Systematic review of Experiences of community-based Health Programs
Authors: Co Edna Estifania A. , Caragay Ruben N. , Lopez Jaifred Christian F. , Sia Isidro C. , Estacio Leonardo R. , Lam Hilton Y. , Madamba Jennifer S. , Abola Regina Isabel B. , Villena Maria Fatima A. 
Published: January 2021

Background. In view of renewed interest in primary health care (PHC) as a framework for health system development, there is a need to revisit how successful community health programs implemented the PHC approach, and what factors should be considered to scale up its implementation in order to sustainably attain ideal community health outcomes in the Philippines.
Objective and methodology. Using the 2008 World Health Report PHC reform categories as analytical framework, this systematic review aimed to glean lessons from experiences in implementing PHC that may help improve the functioning of the current decentralized community-level health system in the country, by analyzing gathered evidence on how primary health care evolved in the country and how community health programs in the Philippines were shaped by the PHC approach.
Results. Nineteen (19) articles were gathered, 15 of which documented service delivery reforms, two (2) on universal coverage reforms, three (3) on leadership reform, and one (1) on public policy. The literature described how successful PHC efforts centered on community participation and empowerment, thus pinpointing how community empowerment still needs to be included in national public health thrusts, amid the current emphasis on performance indicators to evaluate the success of health programs.
Conclusion and recommendations. The studies included in the review emphasize the need for national level public health interventions to be targeted to community health and social determinants of health as well as individual health. Metrics for community empowerment should be developed and implemented by government towards sustainable health and development, while ensuring scientific validity of community health interventions.
Campus displacement Experiences of the University of the Philippines students and teachers Affected by typhoon haiyan: Perceived needs for Mental health and Psychosocial support
Authors: Tuazon Anna Cristina A. 
Published: January 2021

Background. Typhoon Haiyan made landfall over the Visayas Region in 2013, affecting 15 million people. At least 4 million people were displaced, including hundreds of University of the Philippines students and teachers who had to deal with the consequences of such displacement not only on their personal lives but also on their academic lives.
Objective. This study explored the experiences and needs of students and teachers of the University of the Philippines Visayas Tacloban College (UP VTC), University of the Philippines Manila School of Health Sciences (UPM SHS), and University of the Philippines Diliman (UPD) who were either directly affected by Typhoon Haiyan or served as responders to the typhoon survivors. The study specifically looked at experiences of displacement in an academic setting, from the perspective of those who were academically displaced and those who hosted them.
Methods. A qualitative descriptive study was designed involving a total of 17 student and teacher survivors and responders (ten survivors or survivor-responders and seven responders), who were purposively sampled and participated in an online open-ended questionnaire that elicited narrative experiences post-Typhoon Haiyan. Archived group process notes during the Haiyan response were also included as data. Qualitative thematic analysis was used to identify salient themes among and within groups.
Results. Salient themes of student and teacher survivors, survivor-responders, (i.e. survivors who also had the additional role of being responders for others), and responders that emerged included: (1) provision of basic needs (food, water, safety) including academic resources, (2) lack of deliberate psychosocial processing of the disaster experience for both survivor and responder, (3) unequal access to help, (4) communication and organizational problems, and (5) victimhood.
Conclusion. Student and teacher survivors and survivor-responders cited needs that go beyond basic survival needs that require a more contextual approach. Given the university context of student and teacher survivors, survivorresponders, and responders, recommendations included the need for (1) efficient dissemination of existing postdisaster school policies and programs to increase access to address communication and organizational issues, (2) equal access to school-based basic, financial, educational, and psychological support and services, and (3) proper sensitivity training for host students, teachers, and staff to decrease experiences of victimhood and discrimination.
Estimating the Social and Economic Burden of Road Traffic Injuries in the Philippines
Authors: Lam Hilton Y. , Rivera Adovich S. , Macalino Joel U. , Quebral Jose D. , Cheng Kent Jason G. , Miguel Red Thaddeus DP. 
Published: January 2021

Background. Road traffic injuries (RTI) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Despite underreporting, the scarce Philippine data suggest that RTI pose a significant health problem in the country. It is imperative, therefore, to accurately quantify the burden of RTI in the Philippines.
Objective. This study aimed to provide the first comprehensive baseline estimation of the socioeconomic burden of RTI in the Philippines for year 2014.
Methods. The study was a mixed method study design that utilized both primary and secondary data. These data were used to construct parameters needed for the modeling estimates. Measure of socioeconomic burden estimated were (1) economic costs, (2) disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and (3) healthy life years (HeaLY).
Result. Estimated deaths due to RTI in 2014 were 12,336 translating to 454,650 years life lost due to premature death. Injury episodes from RTI were estimated to be 2,798,088 in 2014 with 186,174 leading to admissions, translating to 56,224 years life lost to disability. The total DALY loss due to RTI in 2014 was estimated at 510, 874, while healthy life years lost were estimated to be 76,215,477.4. The estimated deaths and injuries for that year equaled to direct medical cost of PhP 1.213 B, productivity loss due to premature death of PhP 24.620 B, and productivity loss due to illness of PhP 685 M resulting to a total economic cost of PhP 26.519 B to the society.
Conclusion. The findings indicate that RTI is an important public health concern in the Philippines with substantial economic and health burden. Investing in preventive measures will likely yield significant economic and health gains for the Philippines.
Más allá de la casa sin nombre. Nuevos estudios: Arahal
Authors: Pérez Cano María Teresa , Gómez Martínez Vidal , Del Espino Hidalgo Blanca 
Published: January 2021

Frente a los estudios generalizados de la arquitectura singular, de autor o con un amplio reconocimiento social, investigaciones sobre temas como la casa tradicional han sido más minoritarias. Trabajos realizados por los autores en los últimos años han permitido identificar y caracterizar una tipología de casa popular que se encontraba hasta entonces englobada en tipologías genéricas con las que comparte ciertos elementos pero en la que tienen cabida casas de diversa índole. Se trata de una casa asociada a los crecimientos y densificaciones de los tejidos urbanos medievales durante la época moderna en la provincia de Sevilla y territorios limítrofes, llegando en plenitud de uso hasta la primera mitad del siglo XX cuando cae en desuso por los cambios tecnológicos en el ámbito agropecuario. Esta casa ocupa parcelas de poco frente y mucho fondo, conformándose mediante cuerpos - normalmente de doble crujía - paralelos a fachada que se alternan con espacios libres interiores, mediante la secuencia tipológica constituida por un cuerpo de fachada, un patio, un cuerpo intermedio y un corral de fondo. Todo el conjunto se registra mediante un sistema de pasos independientes - zaguán y paso intermedio - que salvan las estancias de servidumbres de paso para permitir el acceso de animales y aperos de forma limpia hasta el corral.Tras el trabajo inicial titulado “La casa sin nombre. Una casa popular tradicional en la provincia de Sevilla” se han continuado los trabajos de investigación ampliando el ámbito de estudio y actualizando fuentes y referencias a partir del mismo procedimiento metodológico basado en el reconocimiento de esta arquitectura a través de publicaciones especializadas y sobre todo en el análisis de los contenidos de los Planes Especiales de Protección de los Conjuntos Históricos mediante un proceso de parametrización común de la información de los diferente planes.Concretamente, este trabajo se centra en el análisis del Plan Especial de Protección del Conjunto Histórico de Arahal, municipio de la provincia de Sevilla con un amplísimo caserío caracterizado por la conservación de su arquitectura popular doméstica donde se localiza claramente esta casa popular de zaguán, patio y corral.
PENGARUH BRAND IMAGE TERHADAP KINERJA PERUSAHAAN DENGAN CUSTOMER LOYALTY SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING
Authors: Handiyono Michella Yessica 
Published: January 2021

Pengukuran kinerja perusahaan seringkali hanya mempertimbangkan indikator finansial dan mengabaikan pengaruh indikator nonfinansial. Penelitian ini berfokus pada pengaruh brand image dengan customer loyalty sebagai variabel intervening. yang merupakan salah satu dari sekian banyak indikator nonfinansial yang memiliki peranan dalam menentukan kinerja keuangan maupun kinerja pasar sebuah perusahaan. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan yang terdaftar dalam indeks TOP BRAND dan ICSI. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa loyalitas pelanggan memiliki hubungan positif terhadap meningkatnya kinerja keuangan perusahaan dan kinerja pasar saham, namun belum tentu loyalitas pelanggan tersebut meningkat seiring dengan naiknya tingkatan brand image. Kata kunci: brand image, customer loyalty, customer satisfaction, kinerja keuangan, nonfinansial, saham
Measuring Values in Modern School System
Authors: SALLEH Amla 
Published: January 2021

Teaching values in modern schools is a new phenomenon. Malaysian national curriculum at both primary and secondary school levels ensures that students develop desirable attitudes and behaviors based on human, religious, and spiritual values. The inculcation of the values is made possible through various subjects and non-academic subjects and students’ activities. However, knowledge about values education remains limited because there is no measurement device to assess the extent of values teaching in school. To fill this gap, the present study was designed to develop and examine the psychometric properties of an instrument measuring values teaching schools. Using data from 400 high school students, the study developed and validated a measure called Malaysia School Values Scale (MSVS) tailored to high school students in Malaysia. A robust analysis of Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) in Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) provides a rigorous analysis of the model power in relation to construct and content validity, confirming the dimension and analyzing the fitness of the data collected in the hypothesized model. This paper provides insight construct and content analysis using the CFA approach to consider the 15 school values constructs. To achieve the intended research objective, the 15 school values were explored. The results provide evidence that the MSVS achieved sound psychometric properties. The overall reliability value of Cronbach’s Alpha was acceptable. The CFA results showed that the goodness-of-fit indices for the hypothesized model were as follows: x2 (182) = 627.269, p = 0.00, x2/DF = 3.409, GFI = 0.852; AGFI = 0.814, CFI = 0.92; IFI = 0.921, RMSEA = 0.077. Each of the indices was above the threshold value. Results imply that MSVS is a valid measure to describe the school values among high school students. However, more studies are recommended to further validate the scale.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN KOMPONEN PERAWATAN METODE KANGURU (PMK) TERHADAP LAMA PERAWATAN BAYI BERAT LAHIR RENDAH DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH PROF DR.W.Z.JOHANNES KUPANG
Authors: Picauly Intje , Akoit Aquilina , Paula Tibuludji  , Nabuasa Christin 
Published: January 2021

Riskesdas, 2013, menyatakan bahwa prevalensi BBLR tertinggi didapati di Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah sebesar 18,2%, Nusa Tenggara Timur sebesar 15,5% dan Provinsi Papua (15,6%), sedangkan prevalensi terendah di Provinsi Sumatera Utara sebesar 7,5%, namun angka tersebut masih menjadi masalah kesehatan, karena menurut Depkes RI (2009), BBLR dikategorikan sebagai masalah kesehatan masyarakat apabila prevalensinya ≥ 5%. RSUD Prof Dr W.Z Johannes Kupang tahun 2016 (Januari-Juni) kasus BBLR sebanyak 100 kasus dari total kelahiran 459 bayi baru lahir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan komponen perawatan metode kanguru terhadap peningkatan status kesehatan BBLR. Jenis penelitian adalah observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cros sectional study. Teknik Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah total sampling dengan sampel 100 orang. Hasil analisis bivariat dengan uji chi square menunjukkan bahwa perawatan metode kanguru position berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan status kesehatan BBLR (PR = 2,79) dengan nilai (Pv=0,000., Pv<0,05). Kanguru nutrition berpengaruh terhadap status kesehatan BBLR (PR = 2,47) dengan nilai (Pv=0,000., Pv<0,05). Kanguru support berpengaruh terhadap status kesehatan BBLR (PR = 2,72) dengan nilai (Pv=0,000., Pv<0,05). Analisis multivariat dengan uji regresi logistik ganda menunjukkan bahwa kanguru nutrition paling berpeluang dalam peningkatan status kesehatan BBLR dengan nilai p=0,000. Disarankan kepada ibu-ibu agar dapat berperan aktif dalam penerapan komponen PMK.
Classification of lidar measurements using supervised and unsupervised machine learning methods
Authors: Farhani Ghazal , Sica Robert J. , Daley Mark Joseph 
Published: January 2021

Abstract. While it is relatively straightforward to automate the processing of lidar signals, it is more
difficult to choose periods of “good” measurements to process. Groups use various ad hoc
procedures involving either very simple (e.g. signal-to-noise ratio) or more complex procedures
(e.g. Wing et al., 2018) to perform a task that is easy to train humans to perform but is time-consuming. Here, we use machine learning techniques to train the machine to sort the measurements
before processing. The presented method is generic and can be applied to most lidars. We test the
techniques using measurements from the Purple Crow Lidar (PCL) system located in London,
Canada. The PCL has over 200 000 raw profiles in Rayleigh and Raman channels available for
classification. We classify raw (level-0) lidar measurements as “clear” sky profiles with strong
lidar returns, “bad” profiles, and profiles which are significantly influenced by clouds or
aerosol loads. We examined different supervised machine learning algorithms including the random
forest, the support vector machine, and the gradient boosting trees, all of which can successfully
classify profiles. The algorithms were trained using about 1500 profiles for each PCL channel,
selected randomly from different nights of measurements in different years. The success rate of identification for all the channels is above 95 %. We also used the t-distributed stochastic embedding (t-SNE) method, which is an unsupervised algorithm, to cluster our lidar profiles. Because the t-SNE is a data-driven method in which no labelling of the training set is needed, it is an attractive algorithm to find anomalies in lidar profiles. The method has been tested on several nights of measurements from the PCL measurements. The t-SNE can successfully
cluster the PCL data profiles into meaningful categories. To demonstrate the use of the technique,
we have used the algorithm to identify stratospheric aerosol layers due to wildfires.
Ubiquitous increases in flood magnitude in the Columbia River basin under climate change
Authors: Queen Laura E. , Mote Philip W. , Rupp David E. , Chegwidden Oriana , Nijssen Bart 
Published: January 2021

Abstract. The USA and Canada have entered negotiations to modernize
the Columbia River Treaty, signed in 1961. Key priorities are balancing
flood risk and hydropower production, and improving aquatic ecosystem function
while incorporating projected effects of climate change. In support of the
US effort, Chegwidden et al. (2017) developed a large-ensemble dataset of
past and future daily streamflows at 396 sites throughout the Columbia River basin (CRB) and selected other watersheds in western Washington and Oregon,
using state-of-the art climate and hydrologic models. In this study, we use
that dataset to present new analyses of the effects of future climate change
on flooding using water year maximum daily streamflows. For each simulation,
flood statistics are estimated from generalized extreme value distributions
fit to simulated water year maximum daily streamflows for 50-year windows of
the past (1950–1999) and future (2050–2099) periods. Our results contrast
with previous findings: we find that the vast majority of locations in the
CRB are estimated to experience an increase in future streamflow magnitudes.
The near ubiquity of increases is all the more remarkable in that our
approach explores a larger set of methodological variation than previous
studies; however, like previous studies, our modeling system was not
calibrated to minimize error in maximum daily streamflow and may be
affected by unquantifiable errors. We show that on the Columbia and
Willamette rivers increases in streamflow magnitudes are smallest
downstream and grow larger moving upstream. For the Snake River, however,
the pattern is reversed, with increases in streamflow magnitudes growing
larger moving downstream to the confluence with the Salmon River tributary
and then abruptly dropping. We decompose the variation in results
attributable to variability in climate and hydrologic factors across the
ensemble, finding that climate contributes more variation in larger basins,
while hydrology contributes more in smaller basins. Equally important for
practical applications like flood control rule curves, the seasonal timing
of flooding shifts dramatically on some rivers (e.g., on the Snake,
20th-century floods occur exclusively in late spring, but by the end of the 21st
century some floods occur as early as December) and not at all on others
(e.g., the Willamette River).
Circulation timescales of Atlantic Water in the Arctic Ocean determined from anthropogenic radionuclides
Authors: Wefing Anne-Marie , Casacuberta Núria , Christl Marcus , Gruber Nicolas , Smith John N. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract. The inflow of Atlantic Water to the Arctic Ocean is a crucial determinant for the future trajectory of this ocean basin with regard to warming, loss
of sea ice, and ocean acidification. Yet many details of the fate and circulation of these waters within the Arctic remain unclear. Here, we use the
two long-lived anthropogenic radionuclides 129I and 236U together with two age models to constrain the pathways and circulation
times of Atlantic Water in the surface (10–35 m depth) and in the mid-depth Atlantic layer (250–800 m depth). We thereby benefit
from the unique time-dependent tagging of Atlantic Water by these two isotopes. In the surface layer, a binary mixing model yields tracer ages of
Atlantic Water between 9–16 years in the Amundsen Basin, 12–17 years in the Fram Strait (East Greenland Current), and up to 20 years in the Canada
Basin, reflecting the pathways of Atlantic Water through the Arctic and their exiting through the Fram Strait. In the mid-depth Atlantic layer
(250–800 m), the transit time distribution (TTD) model yields mean ages in the central Arctic ranging between 15 and 55 years, while the
mode ages representing the most probable ages of the TTD range between 3 and 30 years. The estimated mean ages are overall in good agreement with
previous studies using artificial radionuclides or ventilation tracers. Although we find the overall flow to be dominated by advection, the shift in
the mode age towards a younger age compared to the mean age also reflects the presence of a substantial amount of lateral mixing. For applications
interested in how fast signals are transported into the Arctic's interior, the mode age appears to be a suitable measure. The short mode ages
obtained in this study suggest that changes in the properties of Atlantic Water will quickly spread through the Arctic Ocean and can lead to
relatively rapid changes throughout the upper water column in future years.