bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of HD 183579b Using Archival Radial Velocities: A Warm Neptune Orbiting a Bright Solar Analog
Authors: Palatnick Skyler , Kipping David , Yahalomi Daniel 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
As exoplanetary science matures into its third decade, we are increasingly offered the possibility of pre-existing, archival observations for newly detected candidates. This is particularly poignant for the TESS mission, whose survey spans bright, nearby dwarf stars in both hemispheres—precisely the types of sources targeted by previous radial velocity (RV) surveys. On this basis, we investigated whether any of the TESS Objects of Interest (TOIs) coincided with such observations, from which we find 18 single-planet candidate systems. Of these, one exhibits an RV signature that has the correct period and phase matching the transiting planetary candidates with a false-alarm probability of less than 1%. After further checks, we exploit this fact to validate HD 183579b (TOI-1055b). This planet is <4 R
⊕ and has better than 33% planetary mass measurements, thus advancing TESS’ primary objective of finding 50 such worlds. We find that this planet is among the most accessible small transiting planets for atmospheric characterization. Our work highlights that the efforts to confirm and even precisely measure the masses of new transiting planet candidates need not always depend on acquiring new observations—in some instances, these tasks can be completed with existing data.
PIC Simulation of Double Plasma Resonance and Zebra Pattern of Solar Radio Bursts
Authors: Li Chuanyang , Chen Yao , Ni Sulan , Tan Baolin , Ning Hao , Zhang Zilong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The latest study has reported that plasma emission can be generated by energetic electrons of Dory–Guest–Harris distribution via the electron cyclotron maser instability (ECMI) in plasmas characterized by a large ratio of plasma oscillation frequency to electron gyro-frequency (ω

pe
/Ω
ce
). In our study, on the basis of the ECMI-plasma emission mechanism, we examine the double plasma resonance (DPR) effect and the corresponding plasma emission at both harmonic (H) and fundamental (F) bands using particle-in-cell simulations with various ω

pe
/Ω
ce
. This allows us to directly simulate the feature of the zebra pattern (ZP) observed in solar radio bursts for the first time. We find that (1) the simulations reproduce the DPR effect nicely for the upper hybrid and Z modes, as seen from their variation of intensity and linear growth rate with ω

pe
/Ω
ce
, (2) the intensity of the H emission is stronger than that of the F emission by ∼2 orders of magnitude and varies periodically with increasing ω

pe
/Ω
ce
, while the F emission is too weak to be significant (therefore, we suggest that it is the H emission accounting for solar ZPs), (3) the peak-valley contrast of the total intensity of H is ∼4, and the peak lies around integer values of ω

pe
/Ω
ce
(=10 and 11) for the present parameter setup. We also evaluate the effect of energy of energetic electrons on the characteristics of ECMI-excited waves and plasma radiation. The study provides novel insight on the physical origin of ZPs of solar radio bursts.
Saddle-shaped Solar Flare Arcades
Authors: Lörinčík Juraj , Dudík Jaroslav , Aulanier Guillaume 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Arcades of flare loops form as a consequence of magnetic reconnection powering solar flares and eruptions. We analyze the morphology and evolution of flare arcades that formed during five well-known eruptive flares. We show that the arcades have a common saddle-like shape. The saddles occur despite the fact that the flares were of different classes (C to X), occurred in different magnetic environments, and were observed in various projections. The saddles are related to the presence of longer, relatively higher, and inclined flare loops, consistently observed at the ends of the arcades, which we term “cantles.” Our observations indicate that cantles typically join straight portions of flare ribbons with hooked extensions of the conjugate ribbons. The origin of the cantles is investigated in stereoscopic observations of the 2011 May 9 eruptive flare carried out by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly and Extreme Ultraviolet Imager. The mutual separation of the instruments led to ideal observational conditions allowing for simultaneous analysis of the evolving cantle and the underlying ribbon hook. Based on our analysis we suggest that the formation of one of the cantles can be explained by magnetic reconnection between the erupting structure and its overlying arcades. We propose that the morphology of flare arcades can provide information about the reconnection geometries in which the individual flare loops originate.
Clinico-etiological characteristics of organizing pneumonia
Authors: Marwah Vikas , Peter Deepu K , Sharma Neeraj , Bhattacharjee Saikat , Hegde Arun , Shelly Divya , Malik Virender , Bhati Gaurav , Singh Shalendra 
Published: March 2021

Introduction:
Organizing pneumonia (OP) is an idiopathic interstitial pneumonia characterized radiologically by the patchy peripheral areas of ground-glass opacities and consolidation. It is commonly associated with a variety of conditions such as connective tissue diseases (CTD), drugs, infections, malignancy, radiation exposure, post-transplant, and other interstitial pneumonia. There are no specific clinical manifestations unless there is an underlying etiology. We present a series of such cases.

Aims and Objectives:
The aim of the study was to identify the clinical characteristics and etiological spectrum of patients manifesting radiologically with OP pattern.

Materials and Methods:
This was a retrospective analysis of clinico-radiological profile and etiological diagnosis of 23 patients, who had a radiological diagnosis of OP during the period of January 2017–September 2019.

Results:
Our patients presented with nonspecific symptoms of cough, fever, breathlessness, and occasionally with hemoptysis. The various etiologies identified were CTD (n = 4), infection (n = 2), drugs (n = 4), radiation (n = 1), chronic aspiration syndrome (n = 1), malignancy (n = 2), hypersensitivity pneumonitis (n = 1), and chronic heart failure (n = 2), and in majority (n = 7), no underlying etiology was evident and were labeled as cryptogenic organizing pneumonia.

Conclusion:
OP is an underdiagnosed entity and is associated with numerous diseases varying from pulmonary tuberculosis to malignancy. Identification of the underlying disease process is of paramount importance as it enables the treating physician to implement necessary therapeutic interventions.
Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors – A single-institute experience
Authors: Pasala Uma Jyothi Swaroopa , Hui Monalisa , Uppin Shantveer G , Kumar N Narendra , Bhaskar K , Paramjyothi GK 
Published: March 2021

Introduction:
Pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) comprise a spectrum of tumors ranging from indolent to highly aggressive neoplasm. This study aims to study the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of NETs and assess the sensitivity of various IHC markers.

Materials and Methods:
All consecutive cases of pulmonary NETs diagnosed from January 2016 to June 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The routine hematoxylin- and eosin-stained sections along with immunohistochemistry (IHC) slides were reviewed. IHC was done using a panel of markers which included synaptophysin, chromogranin, CD56, thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1), p-40, napsin-A, and ki67.

Results:
Of total number of 53 patients, diagnosis was made on biopsy in 40 patients and resection specimen in 13 patients. Small cell lung carcinoma was the most common (31 cases), followed by 16 cases of typical carcinoid, 5 cases of atypical carcinoid, and 1 case of combined SCLC. Both synaptophysin and chromogranin were positive in all the cases of typical carcinoid. Synaptophysin had better sensitivity than chromogranin in atypical carcinoid and small cell carcinoma. CD56 was positive in 8 out of 9 cases done. TTF-1 was negative in all the cases of typical carcinoid. The sensitivity of TTF-1 in small cell carcinoma was 85.19%. The mean Ki67 labeling index was 1.4%, 6.6%, and 65.6% in typical, atypical carcinoid, and small cell carcinomas, respectively.

Conclusion:
Synaptophysin was more sensitive than chromogranin, especially in atypical carcinoid and small cell carcinoma. TTF-1 along with high Ki67 differentiates small cell carcinoma from carcinoid.
LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY IN THE MECHANISM OF ENSURING NATIONAL SECURITY
Authors: Липинский Д.А. , Макарейко Н.В. 
Published: March 2021

Аннотация. Исследование механизма обеспечения национальной безопасности позволило определить внутренние связи юридической ответственности как сложного образования, а также внешние связи с другими применяемыми правоохранительными средствами. Изменение угроз, которые обусловлены как противоправными деяниями, так и ростом числа аномалий с правовым содержанием, требуют перенастройки института юридической ответственности. В действующем законодательстве должен быть заблаговременно закреплен правоохранительный потенциал, позволяющий эффективно противодействовать существующим и потенциальным рискам в сфере национальной безопасности.
The study of the mechanism for ensuring nationality made it possible to determine the internal links of legal responsibility as a complex entity, as well as external links with other applied law enforcement means. Changes in threats that are caused by both illegal acts and an increase in the number of anomalies with legal content require reconfiguring the institution of legal responsibili-
MINERAL ELEMENTS IN MILK OF THE WEST AFRICAN DWARF EWES AS AFFECTED BY STAGE OF LACTATION
Authors: Akinsoyinu A. O. 
Published: March 2021

Analysis of ewe's milk from twenty West African dwarf ewes collected from day one after parturition showed that the colostrum contained (mg/100ml) Ca 115.0 1 1,82, P 65.8± 4.08 Na 108.3 ± 2.0, K 163.2 ±1.74, Mg 17.9 0.78, CI 217.7 27.42, and (in mg/ litre) Fe 4.3±0.20, Cu 3.2 ± 0.17 Mn 0.21 ± 0.03, Zn 13.6 1 0.62, and Ug/litre of 1 311.2 ± 6.63. The corresponding values with standard deviation for the mature ewe's milk were Ca 129.5 ± 7.17 P 99.5 ± 6.20, Na 106.2 ± 1.46, K 149.7 $ 3.18, Mg 17.5 ± 1.51, CI 202.4 # 15.52 Fe 0.67. ± 0.38, Cu 0.41 ±0.39, Mn 0.07 ± 0.04, Zn 3.8 0.22 and 1 113.1 £ 28.78. The concentration of these elements in the colostrum approached that of the normal ewe s milk on the seventh day after parturition The results showed a rise in Ca P, Na Mg and C1 levels with stage of lactation and a fall in K, Fe Cu Mn, Zn and I contents of the milk with advancing lactation. .
HERITABILITIES OF AND GENETIC CORRELATIONS BETWEEN SOME GROWTH TRAITS IN NIGERIAN LOCAL CHICKENS
Authors: Ebangi A. L. , Ibe S. N. 
Published: March 2021

Heritabilities of and genetic correlations between body weight, shank length, keel length and breast width in a population of Nigerian local chickens at 6 weeks of age were estimatedusing a total of 170 chicks of both sexes obtained from 5 sires each mated to 4 dams by artifical insemination in a nested fashion. Average body weight, shank length, keel length and breast width at this age were 114.97g, 3.48cm, 3.35cm and 3.22cm, respectively.Genetic correlations between the traits were positive and high, ranging from 0.99 to 1.51. The moderate to high heritabilities (hs2) of these growth traits at 6 weeks point to the existence of an appreciable amount of additive genetic variance in the local chicken population and indicate that improvement in these traits can be brought about by intrapopulation selection. The high genetic correlations indicate the pleiotropic action of genes controlling these traits and that, by direct selection for any one of them, genetic improvement in the others will be realized as correlated responses.
RESPONSE OF EARLY WEANED PIGS TO FULL-FAT SOYBEAN DIETS SUPPLEMENTED WITH DIFFERENT ANIMAL PROTEIN SOURCES
Authors: FANIMO A. O. 
Published: March 2021

24 Large White X Landrace pigs weaned at 28 about 10% of the total feed is said to offer days with initial liveweight of 5.27±0.23 kg were valuable additional micro-nutrients such as fed four animal protein concentrates (fish meal However, almost all the fish (FM), Chicken offal meal (COM), fresh blood meal (FBM) and parboiled blood meal (PBM) diets based on full-fat soybean (FFSB) for 8 prices weeks to test different animal protein sources of protein and for early weaned pig. The diets contained 23% crude protein and 3100 Kcal ME/kg diet. Blood meal slightly reduced weight gain and feed intake but compared favourably with fish meal and chicken offal meal in efficiency of feed utilization. Parboiling of the blood slightly (P>0.05) depressed the performance of the pigs;even when the pigs had the same feed intake.. Fish meal increased (P<0.05) serum total protein and serum albumin levels.This study indicated that early weaned pigs fed soybean based diets supplemented with chicken offal meal and blood meal gave similar performance to those fed diet supplemented with fish meal.
EFFECT OF DIETARY COPPER SUPPLEMENTATION ON SERUM COPPER LEVEL AND PERFORMANCE OF FEMALE WEST AFRICAN DWARF (Fouta djallon) GOATS
Authors: AINA A. B. J. , AKINSOYINU A. O. 
Published: March 2021

The effects of dietary copper supplementation on serum copper level and performance were studied in a 174-day feeding experiment involving 16 female West African dwarf goats level and using depletion - repletion approach, The results obtained showed a significantly lower (P<0.05) but traces of serum copper after depletion combined with pre depletion (1.70 to 1.90 Ug/dl serum) and after 42 days of dietary repletion (1.28 to 2.50 Ug/dl serum). The best responses in terms of growth rate (0.114 kg/day) highest dry matter intake (1.43 Ugg feed DM) were induced by 240.68 Ug Cug DM of feed. The goats managed maintenance requirement for copper was 5.033 UgCuw0.75. while the dietary copper supplementation requirement was 240.68 Ug They had free access to salt licks and water. Cu/g DM of feed for optimum weight gain, growth rate and dry matter intake.
CAUSES OF MORTALITY OF SHEEP IN IBADAN, NIGERIA: A CASE STUDY OF SHEEP AND GOAT UNIT OF IBADAN DAIRY FARM
Authors: DIPEOLU M. A. 
Published: March 2021

This study was carried out in an attempt to determine the causes of mortality in sheep in Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria. The result showed the most common causes of mortality were pneumonia (19.5%), diarrhoea (18.5%) lielminthiasis (17.0%), starvation (9.5%) and Animals enterotoxaemia (8.7%). 65.7% of all the 811 deaths recorded occurred during the first six months of life indicating that lambs were more susceptible to infections than adult sheep deaths occurred among the females than male sheep. Most deaths occurred during the dry. season months of December to February. It seemed that the constraint on sheep productivity imposed by disease can be greatly ameliorated by a combination of improvement of dry season feeding and the prevention of the three major diseases that were together responsible for 55% of all deaths.
INTERRELATIONSHIPS OF LIVE BODY MEASUREMENT OF BROILER CHICKENS IN A HUMID TROPICAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Okon B. , Ogar I. B. , Mgere O. O. 
Published: March 2021

The interrelationships of live body measurement of Lohmaon brown broilers (LMB) in a humid tropical environment were studied. Body parameters used for the study were body weight (BDW), body girth (BDG), body length (BDL), keel length (KLL), shank length (SHL), and width (SHW). The correlation matrix showed generally that correlation and interrelationship of most live body measurement at 3 and 12 weeks of age were weak and non significant (p>0.05). SHW was the highest and only positively correlated (P<0.01) estimator of BDW at 3 weeks. At 6 and 9 week BDW positively correlated (P<0.01) with all the body parameters studied, having r values ranging from 0.34 to 0.74. However, at 12 week, BDW was positively correlated (p) with BDG (r=0.59), KLL(r=0.55) and SHW (r=0.31). Trait combination and standard partial regression coefficient showed that at 3 weeks, only SHW could predict final BDW. SHW contributed 46.2% of the total variability in BDW. At 12 weeks the variability in final BDW was attributed in BDG (r2=0.347), SHW (r2=0.149), SHL (r2=0.041) and KLL (r2=0.030)
Association Among Some Carcass Traits In Three Weight Groups Of Pigs
Authors: Fetuga B. L. , Babatunde G. M. , Ayeni O. , Oyenuga V. A. 
Published: March 2021

A TOTAL of seven hundred and eight Large White x Landrace pigs were slaughtered at three weight groups, 34.0, 55.0 and 92.0kg to collect carcass data. Of these 228, made of 118 castrates and 110 gilts, were slaughtered at 34 kg; 240 pigs, made up of 125 castrates and 115 gilts were slaughtered at 55kg, while a total of 240 pigs made up of 120 gilts and 120 barrows were slaughtered at 92 kg. Simple correlations as well as regression equations describing relationship among traits were calculated.
Percent of lean cuts and separable lean in carcass decreased while fat cuts and separable fat increased with increasing slaughter weight. Such linear measurements as backfat thickness, loin-eye muscle area and carcass length increased significantly with increasing slaughter weights. Significant differences were obtained for several carcass traits between castrates and gilts slaughtered at 92 kg.
Among the carcass cuts, percentage four lean cuts and loin showed highly significant and positive correlations with separable lean, while the relationship for other cuts such as the ham and shoulder, though significant, were low. Such carcass fat predictors as percentages separable fat, fat cuts and trimmed fat as well as back at thickness were highly significantly negatively correlated with separable lean, the relationship being highest for percentage separable fat. Dressing percentage and carcass length were poorly correlated with fatness or leaness, while loin eye areas was highly significantly correlated with leaness. The predictive values of the different traits remained relatively the same at the different slaughter weights, although the relationships were better at the 55 kg slaughter weight than at lower weights. The results indicate that while direct chemical determinations or complete physical separation are considered the best measures of carcass quality, the magnitude of the correlation coefficients between separable lean or fat and the different cuts suggests that these could be used with some degree of precision in appraising carcasses.
Comparative Effects of Copper and Terramycin on Performance of Broiler Chicks and Growers
Authors: Ogunmodede B. K. 
Published: March 2021

BROILER chicks were divided into twelve groups each of which had either the basal ration, the basal ration, and terramycin, the basal ration and graded levels of copper, or the basal ration and both the antibiotic and copper. Broiler growers were fed similarly. High level of dietary copper [300 ppm] depressed growth. A range of 100 to 200 ppm dietary copper produced liveweight gain as much as terramycin. No additional advantage was gained by combining both copper and terramycin. Either terramycin or 100 ppm copper gave equivalent body weight, feed consumption and feed conversion in the broiler chick starters and growers.
Lack of either dietary copper or terramycin resulted in high mortality. Combinations of dietary copper and terramycin stimulated abdominal fat deposition. It is concluded that either terramycin or 100 ppm dietary could be used for stimulating growth and for preventing enteritis in broilers and the choice of either would depend on availability and cost.
Rumen Cannulation of the Red Sokoto (Maradi) Goats for Nutritional Studies in Nigeria
Authors: Oladosu L. A. , Akpokodje J. U. 
Published: March 2021

TWO techniques for cannulating the rumen of the Red Sokoto goat of Nigeria are described. Stump type cannulae made of rigidblack., vulcathene1 material with screwable corks were found to be more suitable than the flexible cannulae made of plastisol2. They appeared to be well tolerated and remained in situ inspite of the animals’ nervous temperament and somewhat flabby abdominal wall.
Experiences with some forty five of such cannulations performed between October 1970 and January 1975 are reported. These showed that although the double abdominal wall incision approach offered a better technique for cannulae implantation into the rumen of goats, strict routine post-operative attention was essential to avoid a range of post cannulation problems, such as pericannulae necrosis and infection, excessive leakage of the rumen liquor and partial or complete rejection of feed by the cannulated animals consequent upon such complications.
STUDIES ON PROTEIN REQUIREMENTS OF STEERS
Authors: Ikhatua U. J. , Olubajo F. O. 
Published: March 2021

Comparative studies lasting between 59 - 63 days were carried out using the N-balance method to investigate the effect of groundnut cake supplementation on N-metabolism and digestible crude protein (DCP)requirements of three breeds of steers maintained on all-roughage rations of hay and fresh dry of Cynodon rulenfuensis var robustus The results indicated that N intake (/day) Increased ed appreciably with supplementation. The percentage Increases li the intake were 16.4.40.0 and 18.0 for the White Fulani, crossbred and German Brown Steer respectively. Apparent digestibility coefficients for N also increased by 10%0.6.8% and 7.1% for these steers respectively. Faucal nitrogen output (/day) Increased slightly with supplementation with all breedy of steen, while urinary nitrogen loss decreased with the White Fulani, increased with the German Brown and showed no difference with the crossbreed. Absorbed nitrogen (g/day), N-balance (g/day) und N-retention (%) all increased with supplementations Mean values for both metabolic f al ultrogen (MEN) (N/kgDM consumed und endogenous urinary nitrogen (EUN) (/day/wkg 0.75) decreased with supplementation while the mean Hological value (BV) (197) Increased. The values were 2.4 6N/kg DM consumed, 0.11/dm/wg 0.75 and 75.87 respectively. Digestible crude protein requirements (DCP) decreed with supplementation in all the breeds of steen. The values were 1.06, 0.38 and 0.81 (0.75 + 0.20)/day/wkg 0.75) by the N-balance methods and 1.08, 0.51 und 1.20 (0.93 = 0.21) 2DCP/day/wkg 0.75 by the Nuctoriul methody. The DCP requirements therefore range from 0.75 - 0.93 /day/weg 0.75 for these breeds of steers, While there were decreases of approximately 13.14%. 1.99 and 6.4% In the mean DM Intake.