bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH CAIR PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT TERHADAP SIFAT KIMIA DAN FISIKA TANAH PADA LAHAN PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT MILIK PT.PMP KABUPATEN MAYBRAT
Authors: Sari Aprilia Regita , Langsa Markus Heryanto , Sirampun Alfhons Daniel 
Published: May 2021

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is the most abundant waste produced from palm oil mills. POME waste products from palm oil mills can pollute the surrounding environment. The main objective of this study was to determine the use of POME on soil fertility and increase the growth of oil palm plants and minimize negative impacts on the environment. The results of the research obtained are a combination of primary data (results of analysis carried out in oil palm plantations owned by PT PMP, Maybrat Regency before the POME application) and secondary data (results of analysis carried out at Angsana Estate oil palm plantations, South Kalimantan after POME application). The results obtained indicate that generally after the application of POME to the land will increase the value of the bulk density and decrease the value of soil porosity and soil permeability. There was a decrease in the percentage of soil porosity in the application area (LA, 28.75% and Flatbed, 23.47%) compared to without application (LK, 36.83%) in the soil depth up to 30 cm. On soils with a deeper depth (30-60 cm) the percent of land subsidence is almost the same as at a depth of 30 cm. Conversely, the addition of POME in the land application (LA) had an impact on the increase in bulk density (1.81 g / cm3) and soil permeability (4.16 cm / hour) compared without POME (LK) (1.48 g / cm3 and 4.08 cm / hour) for soil samples to a depth of 30 cm. The POME application increases the availability of organic matter (C-organic and nitrogen) in the surface soils. The highest P-available values ​​are seen at a depth of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm in the flatbed. Also, POME on oil palm land tends to increase nutrient content in oil palm leaves compared to control land (without POME).
PERANCANGAN ALAT UKUR INTENSITAS CAHAYA BERBASIS ARDUINO LEONARDO MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR LDR (Light Dependent Resistor)
Authors: Manik Simson , Muslimin Abdul Muis , Subgan Aries A. 
Published: May 2021

Lux meter is a device used to measure the intensity of light in an area. The purpose of this thesis is to design a light intensity measuring device using LDR components as a light sensor, comparing light intensity measuring devices made using LDR sensors and Arduino Leonardo based microcontrollers with standard tools. The data used in this study are primary data. The data obtained is then processed using MS. Excel. The type of light bulbs used are Philips CFL (Philips Essential) lamps, each lamp having a power of 5, 8, 11, 14, 18, 23, 27, 32, 35, and 50 watts with a luxmeter vertical distance of 1, 2 and 3 meters from the lamp.
From the results of testing the tools and processing of comparative data between the Lux Meter Standard and the designed Lux ​​Meter obtained as follows: the vertical distance of the tool by 1 meter from the lamp produces an average error difference of 12,571 lx and the percentage of average errors the average is 8.77%, while for the vertical distance of the tool is 2 meters from the lamp the average error difference value is 2,358 lx and the average error percentage is 7.98%, and for the vertical tool distance is 3 meters from the lamp the difference in error value is an average of 0.92 lx and an average error percentage of 5.85%.
EKSTRAK TANNIN DAUN BUAH HITAM (Haplolobus sp) SEBAGAI INHIBITOR ALAMI KOROSI BESI DALAM LARUTAN ASAM
Authors: Rahman Lulu Amalia , Somar Evelina 
Published: May 2021

Ekstrak daun Haplolobus sp diperoleh dari sokhetasi daun yang telah dikeringkan dan diperkecil ukurannya, dengan pelarut aseton 80%. Ekstrak yang diperoleh kemudian diuapkan dan ditentukan kadar taninnya dengan metode permanganometri. Pengukuran laju korosi logam besi dilakukan dengan metode pengurangan massa. Medium korosi yang digunakan adalah , , , dan HCl masing-masing dengan konsenttrasi 1 molar. Lama perendaman sepuluh hari. Potensi tanin daun buah hitam sebagai inhibitor alami dalam laju reaksi korosi logam besi dilakukan dengan melapisi logam besi ukuran 2 cm x 2 cm x 0,3 cm , direndam 10 hari dalam medium korosi dan diukur laju korosinya. Cara yang sama diulangi dengan menggunakan cat antikarat. Dari hasil penelitian di peroleh kadar tanin dalam daun Buah Hitam (Haplolobus sp) sebesar 42,16%. Laju korosi logam besi tanpa pelapisan tanin tertinggi pada asam nitrat 13829.40 mpy dan terendah pada asam asetat 1646,36 mpy. Laju korosi logam besi yang dilapisi tanin tertinggi pada asam nitrat 13061.10 mpy, dan terendah pada asam asetat 1536,60 mpy. Laju korosi logam besi yang dilapisi cat antikorosi tertinggi pada asam nitrat 7573,24 mpy dan terendah pada asam asetat 1536,60 mpy. Efisiensi penghambatan tanin dan cat terhadap laju korosi logam besi dalam medium asam sulfat 1 M sebesar 25,64 % dan 41,03%, dalam medium asam fosfat sebesar 12,50% dan 16,67%, dalam medium asam asetat sebesar 6,67 dan 6,67%, Dalam medium asam nitrat sebesar 5,56 dan 45,24%, dalam medium asam klorida 5,56 dan 5,56%.
Plain language practices of professional writers in Quebec
Authors: Müller Adeline , Clerc Isabelle , François Thomas 
Published: May 2021

This article investigates the plain language practices of professional writers in Quebec, using a survey. We contacted 55 professional writers and asked them to complete an online survey about how they apply plain language in their work, and the type of writing assistance they would find useful. We also asked 40 of those writers to carry out a simplification task to see what kind of simplifications they were actually making.
If the feelings about the reality of the writers’ work is in line with the literature, opinions on plain language guidelines are not. Most writers in our survey find them useful and precise enough, and this contrasts with reported criticisms of such guides. In the simplification task, we noticed that writers focus on the overall understanding of the text, and not only on some linguistic characteristics (as shown in plain language guidelines). The more experienced the writer, the more changes they will make to visual/structural aspects or relational efficiency. Putting the focus on the reader’s needs is their main concern.
Aspirin versus anticoagulation for stroke prophylaxis in blunt cerebrovascular injury: a propensity-matched retrospective cohort study
Authors: Bonow Robert H. , Witt Cordelie E. , Mossa-Basha Mahmud , Cuschieri Joseph , Arbabi Saman , Vavilala Monica S. , Rivara Frederick P. , Chesnut Randall M. 
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE
The goal of this study was to compare the odds of stroke 24 hours or more after hospital arrival among patients with blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI) who were treated with therapeutic anticoagulation versus aspirin.

METHODS
The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study at a regional level I trauma center including all patients with BCVI who were treated over a span of 10 years. Individuals with stroke on arrival or within the first 24 hours were excluded, as were those receiving alternative antithrombotic drugs or procedural treatment. Exact logistic regression was used to examine the association between treatment and stroke, adjusting for injury grade. To account for the possibility of residual confounding, propensity scores for the likelihood of receiving anticoagulation were determined and used to match patients from each treatment group; the difference in the probability of stroke between the two groups was then calculated.

RESULTS
A total of 677 patients with BCVI receiving aspirin or anticoagulation were identified. A total of 3.8% (n = 23) of 600 patients treated with aspirin sustained a stroke, compared to 11.7% (n = 9) of 77 receiving anticoagulation. After adjusting for injury grade with exact regression, anticoagulation was associated with higher likelihood of stroke (OR 3.01, 95% CI 1.00–8.21). In the propensity-matched analysis, patients who received anticoagulation had a 15.0% (95% CI 3.7%–26.3%) higher probability of sustaining a stroke compared to those receiving aspirin.

CONCLUSIONS
Therapeutic anticoagulation may be inferior to aspirin for stroke prevention in BCVI. Prospective research is warranted to definitively compare these treatment strategies.
TRADISI MAANTA NASI PANAMBAI DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM (Studi Kasus di Padang Luar Nagari III Koto Kecamatan Rambatan Kabupaten Tanah Datar)
Authors: Maisa Amelia Putri , Elimartati Elimartati 
Published: May 2021

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan tradisi Maanta Nasi Panambai dalam prespektif hukum Islam di Padang Luar Nagari III Koto, Kecamatan Rambatan Kabupaten Tanah Datar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Sumber data primer adalah hasil wawancara dengan Niniak Mamak, orang yang tidak menjalankan, dan orang yang pernah menjalankan tradisi maanta nasi panambai. Selain itu data juga diperoleh dari buku-buku adat, karya ilmiah, jurnal dan buku-buku lain yang berkaitan dengan penelitian. Adapun temuan penelitian ini adalah bahwa nasi panambai diantar sebelum akad nikah dan sebagai syarat untuk melaksanakan walimah atau baralek. Hal ini bertujuan untuk menjalin dan mempererat hubungan silaturrahmi, dan sebagai i’lan. Akibat tidak menjalankan maanta nasi panambai anak tidak memiliki bako, orang tua dan anaknya tidak bisa memakai adat. Sebagian masyarakat menganggap berat untuk melaksanakan maanta nasi panambai dikarenakan tidak ada biaya yang cukup, menikah di rantau, dan terlalu banyak syarat-syarat atau adat yang dilaksanakan setelah maanta nasi panambai. Sedangkan sanksi tidak melaksanakan maanta nasi panamabai membayar adat kapalo ameh yaitu dengan membayar dua atau tiga katidiang padi bahkan lebih sesuai kesepakatan niniak mamak dan melaksanakan adat alek tokok lutuik. Menurut hukum Islam proses pelaksanaan adat ini termasuk kepada ‘urf shahih karena tidak bertentangan dengan nash dan memiliki mashlahat yang besar dan tidak menimbulkan mudharat yang besar.
The Ghosts at the Feast: Contested Land, Settlement, and Identity in the Jordanian Bādīya
Authors: Wojnarowski Frederick 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This article considers how enactions of hospitality, everyday politics and livelihoods in the largely sedentarised, but still discursively Bedouin villages south-east of Amman continue to be shaped by long, contested and intersecting processes of land settlement, sedentarisation and state encompassment. I combine a specific ethnographic encounter (a village feast and the anxious, tense talk about land that occurred at it) with a reading of history to show how ideas of settlement remain crucial, though contested, for understanding the positionality of former nomadic pastoralists in Jordan. I focus on how Jordan's Bādīya - its arid and sparsely-populated eastern steppe - has been conceived of as a socially, politically and legally different, but encompassed, part of the nation-state. This discourse, I argue, has precedents in deep history and classical Arabic thought, but has taken on a particular form in the postcolonial and developmental state of Jordan.
Blueberries and insulin protect microglial cells against high glucose-induced inflammation and restore GLUT-1
Authors: Hininger-Favier I. , Thangthaeng N. , Bielinski D.F. , Fisher D.R. , Poulose S.M. , Shukitt-Hale B. 
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Growing evidence suggests that hyperglycemia could be harmful for cognitive function. That insulin (INS) has a neuro-modulatory role is supported by various findings, but its effect on microglia, the innate immune cells in the brain, is largely unknown. Blueberries have been shown to reduce neuro-inflammation. OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that high glucose stimulated an inflammation in microglia and that BB and INS were able to reduce it and both might act through GLUT-1 transporter. METHODS: We examined the effects of low (5 mM), medium (25 mM), or high (50 mM) glucose, stimulated or not with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 100 nM) with either BB extract (2 mg/ml) and/or INS, on inflammatory responses in a microglia cell line. Nitric oxide (NO) production and the expression levels of iNOS, TNF- α, NOX4 and glucose transporter protein-1 (GLUT1) were assessed. RESULTS: We observed that treatment with BB, similarly to INS treatments, reduced the high glucose concentration-induced response on oxidative stress and inflammation, and that this protective effect is more important with LPS added to glucose media. Interestingly, both BB and INS attenuated the LPS-induced inflammatory response on GLUT1. CONCLUSION: Increasing glucose concentration triggers inflammation by microglia. BB as well as INS protected microglia from high glucose levels, by reducing inflammation and altering glucose transport in microglia. These preliminary data compared for the first time BB to Insulin on microglia. Blueberries are promising dietary intervention to prevent diabetic neuropathy. Our preliminary results suggest a possible new mechanism involving GLUT-1 by which BB has insulin-like effects.
Black raspberry anthocyanins protect BV2 microglia from LPS-induced inflammation through down-regulating NOX2/TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling
Authors: Mu Teng , Guan Yang , Chen Tianqiao , Wang Shuning , Li Mei , Chang Alan K , Yang Zhe , Bi Xiuli 
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Increasing evidence has established neuroinflammation as the hallmark of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, despite the underlying immunological mechanisms are far from being understood, the involvement of excessive activation of microglia is attracting more and more attention. OBJECTIVE: In the present study, we investigated the protective effect of black raspberry (BRB) anthocyanins on LPS-induced neuroinflammation in BV2 microglia. METHODS: LPS-induced mouse BV2 microglia were treated with black raspberry anthocyanins and the levels of NO, ROS, IL-1β and IL-18 produced by the cells were measured to determine the extent of oxidative stress and inflammatory response. RESULTS: The results showed that BRB anthocyanins reduced the production of ROS in LPS-induced BV2 microglia by down-regulating the level of NOX2 and its downstream factors, including thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Furthermore, BRB anthocyanins inhibited the secretion of Interleukin-18 (IL-18) and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), eventually attenuating the LPS-induced inflammatory response of BV2 microglia. CONCLUSIONS: BRB anthocyanins might play an important neuroprotective role in inflammation-related neurodegenerative disease, potentially, by down-regulating the NOX2 /TXNIP/ NLRP3 signaling axis in brain microglia.
Associations between whole and low-fat dairy products consumption, physical performance and mental health
Authors: Ghodsi Ramin , Rostami Hosein , Parastouei Karim , Taghdir Maryam 
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Military staff are required to be in a proper condition of mental health and weight standards and have a specific level of physical performances (PP). Dairy products are rich sources of essential nutrients. It was demonstrated that Iranians consume much less milk and its products and there is no exception in the military staff. OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between consumption of low or whole-fat dairy and psychological disorders and PP in military personnel. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in four military zones of Iran. Dairy products intake were evaluated by using a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The Persian version of Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) were used to assess participants’ depression, anxiety and stress and PP were assessed by a 2-mile run, sit-up, push-up and pull-up. RESULTS: There was a significant negative relationship between the tertiles of total and low-fat dairy consumption and depression (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.79, P < 0.05), and low-fat dairy consumption and stress (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.93, P < 0.05). Also, there was a positive association between the last tertiles of low-fat dairy consumption and suitable PP (OR 5.28, 95% CI 1.08 to 25.71, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that consumption of dairy products and particularly low-fat products are related to less psychological problems and a better PP level.
Adherence to the pyramid of the Mediterranean diet (2010), non-communicable diseases and lifestyle in online postgraduate Spanish students in the food area
Authors: Elío Iñaki , Jarrín Sandra , Eléxpuru María , Crespo Jorge , Domínguez Irma , Tutusaus Killian , Ruíz Roberto , Calderón Rubén , Sumalla Sandra 
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: In Spain, there are several studies published on the relationship between eating habits and lifestyle among university students; but only a few of them are focused on online postgraduate students. OBJECTIVE: Herein we aimed to evaluate the degree of adherence to the Mediterranean diet pyramid (2010 edition), non-communicable diseases (NCDs), and lifestyle in online postgraduate students aged 20–65 years belonging to the food area of the Fundación Universitaria Iberoamericana (FUNIBER). METHODS: We performed a descriptive cross-sectional study including 100 online post-graduate students aged 20–65 years who were recruited by an accidental non-probabilistic sampling method consisting of a questionnaire on their sociodemographic characteristics, NCDs, lifestyle, and a 3-day food intake record (3-d). RESULTS: The profile of the students was 74% women, with a mean age of 36.6 (±10.5) years and body mass index (BMI) of 22.6 kg / m2 (±3.3). 71% of the volunteers presented normal weight, while 20% were overweight. Indeed, only a low percentage of the volunteers presented hypertension (1%), cardiovascular disease (0%), diabetes mellitus 1 (2%), diabetes mellitus 2 (3%), hypercholesterolemia (9%), and hyperuricemia (2%). Concerning lifestyle, (77%) of students were non-smokers, (78%) consumed beverages with caffeine, (51%) did not consume alcoholic beverages, and nearly all of them (84%) frequently (3 times /week) practiced physical activity. 68% of the recruited students exhibited adherence to “Medium diet quality diet (4–7)” followed by (26%) with a “Poor diet quality (<3)” and “Optimal diet quality” (6%). CONCLUSIONS: Spanish postgraduate students of the nutritional area, have good health and a healthy lifestyle but are moving away from the MD model, should be established campaigns for the improvement of eating habits of the postgraduate university population.
Feasibility study for the use of variable air volume systems for office buildings
Authors: Moskvitina A. , Shyshyna M.  , Korchminskyi M. 
Published: May 2021

The main factor contributing to greenhouse gas emissions is the building up of the surrounding area. Studies have shown that buildings globally consume 30-40 % of energy use and release 40-50 % of global carbon dioxide emissions. Among all systems in houses, heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems are by far the most energy intensive. They consume approximately 50 % of the total energy demand of buildings. However, the systems are some of the most important systems in today's buildings. The number of these systems that are being installed has increased dramatically over the past few years. This is mainly due to the increasing demands for thermal energy, comfort and climate change. This paper presents a feasibility and ecology study between two ventilation or air-conditioning systems: constant air volume (CAV) and variable air volume (VAV). One of the purposes of this work is to determine the energy costs for each of the systems. An air conditioning system that saves operating costs usually requires a large initial investment. In this case, engineers must decide whether it is worth paying the additional upfront costs for a system that has lower operating costs. Despite the low attractiveness from the point of view of the investor, the VAV systems reduce the amount of greenhouse gas emissions and the amount of energy resources for servicing the commercial sector. Such system have less metal consumption. Thus, the cost of metal processing is also reduced. The results of this study can contribute to the future selection of ventilation systems, as well as contribute to the design and improvement of the systems under study. Energy saving is one of the main reasons why VAV systems are very popular today for the design of ventilation and air conditioning systems for office buildings and in many industries abroad. With these systems, the volume of transported air is reduced as soon as the operating load falls below the maximum projected load. The calculation of emissions of harmful substances into the environment was made while ensuring the operation of CAV and VAV systems.
PENERAPAN NILAI-NILAI KARAKTER PADA MATA PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DI SMP NEGERI 1 BUNTA KABUPATEN LUWUK BANGGAI
Authors: Muharram Darmawati , Aimang Hasrat A 
Published: May 2021

Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penerapan nilai-nilai karakter pada mata pelajaran pendidikan agama Islam di SMP Negeri 1 Bunta Kabupaten Banggai. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan penelitian kualitatif, artinya pemilihan yang bertujuan menjelaskan hasil penelitian yang di temukan oleh penulis di lapangan. Dari berbagai upaya yang dilakukan oleh peneliti dalam melengkapi penelitian ini dengan pedekatan penelitian kualitatif yaitu sumber data tentang penerapan nilai-nilai karakter pada mata pelajaran pedidikan agama islam, penelitian ini menghasilakan informasi bahwa nilai-nilai karakter pada mata pelajaran pendidikan agama Islam dapat di laksanakan dengan baik oleh guru, dengan mengintegrasikan pada mata pelajaran pendidikan agama islam Kata Kunci : Penerapan; Karakter; Pembelajaran
PROGRAM PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM PENGEMBANGAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH SCHOOL OF UNIVERSE BOGOR
Authors: Setiawan Irfan , Suhardi Eka , Sumardi Sumardi 
Published: May 2021

CHARACTER EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT AT SCHOOL OF UNIVERSE BOGOROne of the facts of the problem in our country recently is the large number of unemployed, due to lack of employment. Based on CNBC Indonesia's news source, October 30, 2019 the Indonesian (society) prefers to become an online motorcycle or taxi driver because of the gap in applying for another job. People who already got a job often become an online motorcycle or taxi drivers for additional income. To overcome these various problems of education, this people need an educational method which is most effective in character building. Nowadays, there are many educational experts in some regions in Indonesia managing to develop educational institutions which are certainly unique and able to stimulate student character formation. Entrepreneurship is one of the educational characters which can be the point of economic movement of the nation. Entrepreneurship is needed for the progress of the nation's economy, because by entrepreneurship the nation will be able to build up an individual independency attitude. It is aimed to reducing the sense of the dependent on others, thus providing a great opportunity to create jobs and reduce unemployment. The School of Universe (SoU) to combining some methods that should be carried out by a school that requaring his pupil progression by using the concept of nature and directing students to their interests and talents. In this case, SoU focuses students on entrepreneurship development with a number of views on some world prominent business and also supported by technology facilities. By these programs, Indonesia is expected to get a generation that will be able to create jobs so as to reduce the number of unemployement. It is also expected to be a new breakthrough idea of Indonesia to organize a better education system. The administer of entrepreneurship development system of The school of Universe covered some contents of learning processes, learning resources, and the collaborative networks with institutions that support the school.