bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DNA methylome, transcriptome, and prostate cancer prevention by phenethyl isothiocyanate in TRAMP mice
Authors: Wu Renyi , Li Shanyi , Sargsyan Davit , Yin Ran , Kuo Hsiao‐Chen , Peter Rebecca , Wang Lujing , Hudlikar Rasika , Liu Xia , Kong Ah‐Ng 
Published: April 2021

AbstractEpigenetics/epigenomics has been shown to be involved in carcinogenesis. However, how the epigenome would be altered in the transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) cancer model and the effect of cancer chemopreventive phytochemical phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) on the epigenome in TRAMP mice are not known. PEITC has been reported to reduce the risk of many cancers including prostate cancer (PCa). In this study, male TRAMP mice were fed a control diet or diet containing 0.05% PEITC from 8 weeks to 16 weeks. The tumor incidence was reduced in the PEITC diet (0/6) as compared with the control diet (6/7). RNA‐sequencing (RNA‐seq) analyses on nontumor and tumor prostatic tissues revealed several pathways like cell cycle/Cdc42 signaling, inflammation, and cancer‐related signaling, were activated in prostate tissues of TRAMP mice but were reversed or attenuated in TRAMP mice fed with PEITC diet. DNA CpG methyl‐seq analyses showed that global methylation patterns of prostate samples from TRAMP mice were hugely different from those of wild‐type mice. Dietary PEITC partially reversed the global methylation changes during prostatic carcinogenesis. Integration of RNA‐seq and DNA methyl‐seq analyses identified a list of genes, including Adgrb1 and Ebf4, with an inverse regulatory relationship between their RNA expression and CpG methylation. In summary, our current study demonstrates that alteration of the global epigenome in TRAMP prostate tumor and PEITC administration suppresses PCa carcinogenesis, impacts global CpG epigenome and transcriptome, and attenuates carcinogenic pathways like cell cycle arrest and inflammation. These results may provide insights and epigenetic markers/targets for PCa prevention and treatment in human PCa patients.
Command filter‐based adaptive prescribed performance tracking control for uncertain pure‐feedback nonlinear systems with full‐state time‐varying constraints
Authors: Zhu Xinfeng , Ding Wenwu , Zhang Tianping 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis article is concerned with the issue of adaptive prescribed performance tracking control for a class of pure‐feedback nonlinear systems with full‐state time‐varying constraints. By using the hyperbolic tangent function as nonlinear mapping technique, the obstacle of the full‐state constraints is resolved. A novel adaptive control method is proposed by prescribed performance control with command filtered backstepping design, and the insufficient of the dynamic surface method is conquered by the error compensation mechanism. Radial basis function neural networks are utilized to approximate the unknown nonlinear functions. Based on the Lyapunov stability theory, it is shown that all signals in the closed‐loop system are semiglobal uniformly ultimately bounded and the output tracking error always converges to the prescribed performance bound. Two simulation examples demonstrate the capability of the proposed control strategy.
Linking ocean and climate change governance
Authors: Chan Nicholas 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIncreasing links are being made between ocean sustainability and climate change, as illustrated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change special report on the ocean and cryosphere, and the billing of the 2019 UN climate change conference as the “Blue COP.” This review of these linkages is framed by the “bandwagoning” literature in global environmental politics to examine how ocean action has been constructed as being relevant for both climate mitigation and adaptation. This includes growing interest in “blue carbon” and the emerging narrative of the ocean as a “solution” to climate change, and drawing attention to climate impacts on ocean ecosystems and marine biodiversity. It highlights the roles played in constructing this link by entrepreneurial states and the NGO community in building an ocean‐climate bandwagon with the existing processes of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. As broader political attention is paid to ocean health, this review also highlights how these climate bandwagoning efforts overlap or clash with other ocean‐related international environmental processes.This article is categorized under:
Policy and Governance > Multilevel and Transnational Climate Change Governance
Retrospektive Mortalitätsstudie nichtnatürlicher Todesfälle der Generation 65+ im Obduktionsgut der Rechtsmedizin Frankfurt am Main anhand zweier Zeitintervalle
Authors: Faßbender C. , Wach A. , Ackermann H. , Parzeller M. 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungHintergrund und Ziel der ArbeitAufgrund des demografischen Wandels ist mit einer Änderung des Altersspektrums bei den Obduktionen zu rechnen. Ziel der Arbeit war die Untersuchung der nichtnatürlichen Todesfälle, bei denen die Verstorbenen ein Mindestalter von 65 Jahren erreicht hatten, da dieser Populationsgruppe zukünftig eine wachsende Bedeutung zukommen wird.Material und MethodenIn dieser retrospektiven Mortalitätsstudie wurden alle nichtnatürlichen Todesfälle mit einem Sterbealter ≥ 65 Jahren analysiert, die in den Jahren 2000–2002 (Zeitraum I) und 2013–2015 (Zeitraum II) im Institut für Rechtsmedizin des Universitätsklinikums der Goethe-Universität in Frankfurt am Main obduziert wurden. Für die Analyse der suizidal Verstorbenen wurden zudem Daten nichtobduzierter Selbsttötungen (n = 100) aus Besichtigungen aufgenommen.ErgebnisseAus den 1206 Obduktionen resultierten 669 natürliche (55,5 %) und 404 nichtnatürliche (33,5 %) Todesfälle. Darunter ergaben sich 221 Unfälle (Zeitraum In = 105; Zeitraum IIn = 116), 82 Suizide (Zeitraum In = 55; Zeitraum IIn = 27), 41 Todesfälle im Zusammenhang mit medizinischen Interventionen (Zeitraum In = 7; Zeitraum IIn = 34) und 40 Tötungsdelikte (Zeitraum In = 23; Zeitraum IIn = 17). Verkehrsunfälle und Stürze bilden die größten Subgruppen bei den Unfällen. Erhängen und Erschießen sind die am meisten angewandten Suizidarten. Vergleicht man Zeitraum I mit II, so fällt die signifikante Zunahme von Todesfällen im Zusammenhang mit ärztlichen Maßnahmen auf. Eine signifikante Abnahme von Suizidenten ist durch die abnehmende Obduktionsrate in dieser Gruppe zu begründen. Die relative und absolute Fallzahl an Tötungsdelikten im Obduktionsgut weisen keine wesentliche Veränderung auf.Diskussion/SchlussfolgerungDie Ergebnisse dieser Studie stimmen großteils mit der Literatur überein. Im Zeitvergleich zeigt sich eine relative Zunahme nichtnatürlicher Todesfälle im gerontologischen Obduktionsgut. Dies wird durch den Anstieg von Obduktionen nach iatrogenen Komplikationen wesentlich mitgeprägt.
Von der anatomischen Lehrsektion zum Unterricht am Krankenbett – eine geschichtliche Würdigung
Authors: Koehler Ulrich , Hildebrandt Olaf , Koehler Julian , Hildebrandt Wulf 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungZu allen Zeiten waren die Anatomen bemüht, der Medizin wissenschaftliche Grundlagen zu vermitteln. Der Anatom hat den toten Körper zergliedert, um damit den Lebenden zu dienen. Das Verständnis physiologischer und pathophysiologischer Prozesse setzt die Kenntnis der Anatomie voraus. Im Corpus Hippocraticum findet man keinen sicheren Hinweis auf die Durchführung menschlicher Sektionen. In Alexandria wurde um 300 vor Christus zum ersten Mal Anatomie an der menschlichen Leiche gelehrt. Mehr als 1300 Jahre standen die Anatomie und die Heilkunde dann unter dem Einfluss des Galen von Pergamon (131–201 n. Chr.). Der Italiener Mondino dei Luzzi (1275–1326) war der Erste, der den systematischen Anatomieunterricht unter regelmäßiger Einbeziehung von Lehrsektionen in den Lehrbetrieb in Bologna eingeführt hat. Andreas Vesalius (1514–1564) aus Belgien hat in der Neuzeit die wissenschaftlich fundierte Humananatomie begründet und viele Fehler der von Galen tradierten Ansichten der Anatomie korrigiert. Im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert waren die niederländischen Universitäten, allen voran die Universität in Leiden, führend im Hinblick auf die klinische und praktische Studentenausbildung.
Biomarkers for the diagnosis and management of heart failure
Authors: Castiglione Vincenzo , Aimo Alberto , Vergaro Giuseppe , Saccaro Luigi , Passino Claudio , Emdin Michele 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHeart failure (HF) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Circulating biomarkers reflecting pathophysiological pathways involved in HF development and progression may assist clinicians in early diagnosis and management of HF patients. Natriuretic peptides (NPs) are cardioprotective hormones released by cardiomyocytes in response to pressure or volume overload. The roles of B-type NP (BNP) and N-terminal pro-B-type NP (NT-proBNP) for diagnosis and risk stratification in HF have been extensively demonstrated, and these biomarkers are emerging tools for population screening and as guides to the start of treatment in subclinical HF. On the contrary, conflicting evidence exists on the role of NPs as a guide to HF therapy. Among the other biomarkers, high-sensitivity troponins and soluble suppression of tumorigenesis-2 are the most promising biomarkers for risk stratification, with independent value to NPs. Other biomarkers evaluated as predictors of adverse outcome are galectin-3, growth differentiation factor 15, mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin, and makers of renal dysfunction. Multi-marker scores and genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses could further refine HF management.
The average-cost formulation of lot sizing models and inventory carrying charges: a technical note
Authors: Castellano Davide , Glock Christoph H. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIt is generally recognised that the present-value criterion should be preferred to the average-cost formulation in developing lot sizing models. Despite the advantages of the present-value measure, average-cost lot sizing models are far more widely applied. Because of the nature of the average-cost formulation, inventory carrying costs are evaluated according to a look-back approach, relying on historical values. In this regard, a general misconception in the inventory management literature concerned with average-cost models is that the unit stockholding cost rate should be established considering fixed warehouse costs, which are costs that are, in the short term, independent of the inventory level. This paper develops arguments supporting our belief that inventory carrying charges used in lot sizing models should take into account only those costs varying with the inventory level in the warehouse, and that considering fixed warehouse costs leads to pitfalls when making inventory replenishment decisions. To this aim, we first present an analytical treatment based on the classical Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) model, as its full analytical tractability permits us to better discuss the problem we are interested in. Finally, we present numerical experiments to assess the effect of the correct procedure to establish the unit stockholding cost rate on inventory management decisions. These experiments are performed considering warehouse costs taken from some industrial case studies presented in the literature.
The effect of functional endoscopic sinus surgery on nasal resonance
Authors: Shetty Vaishnavi , Thejaswi D. , Biniyam K. , Aroor Rajeshwary , Bhat Vadisha , Saldhana Marina 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackground and objectiveFunctional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) increases the nasal volume, and thereby it can alter the nasal resonance. The objectives were to measure the percentage of nasal resonance following FESS and compare it with healthy individuals with normal nasal findings.MethodsThe nasometric analysis of voice was done using n/p/m consonant sounds in 72 individuals with healthy post FESS cavities (group 1) and 72 healthy individuals with normal nasal findings without any nasal pathology (group 2). The scores of nasal resonances were expressed in percentages and were compared between the two groups. Both in group 1 and group 2, 32 (44.4%) were females, and 40(55.6%) were males. In group 1, 51 participants had bilateral FESS cavities, and 21 had unilateral FESS cavities. Kannada was the mother tongue in 30 (41.7%) participants in group 1 and 36 (50.0%) in group 2. Malayalam was the mother tongue in 42(58.3%) participants in group 1 and 36 (50.0%) in group 2.ResultsIn both cases and control groups, more than 80% of the participants were showing less than 20% of nasal resonance. In group 1, the mean values of/n/p/m sounds were 11.23%, 10.23% and 11.42% respectively, and in group 2 the mean values were 8.27%, 8.58% and 8.58% respectively. But the P value was not statistically significant. Individuals with unilateral FESS cavities had more nasal resonance values compared to bilateral FESS cavities. Similarly, Kannada speaking people had more values compared to Malayam speaking individua.ConclusionChanges in nasal resonance after FESS is minimal, and it is unnoticed. But it may affect the speech quality in professional voice users, depending on their language. Though the nasometer is considered as the most validated instrument to record nasal resonance, we feel that further standardization is needed to evaluate the nasalance.
Flexibility of measure-theoretic entropy of boundary maps associated to Fuchsian groups
Authors: ABRAMS ADAM , KATOK SVETLANA , UGARCOVICI ILIE 
Published: April 2021

AbstractGiven a closed, orientable, compact surface S of constant negative curvature and genus
$g \geq 2$
, we study the measure-theoretic entropy of the Bowen–Series boundary map with respect to its smooth invariant measure. We obtain an explicit formula for the entropy that only depends on the perimeter of the
$(8g-4)$
-sided fundamental polygon of the surface S and its genus. Using this, we analyze how the entropy changes in the Teichmüller space of S and prove the following flexibility result: the measure-theoretic entropy takes all values between 0 and a maximum that is achieved on the surface that admits a regular
$(8g-4)$
-sided fundamental polygon. We also compare the measure-theoretic entropy to the topological entropy of these maps and show that the smooth invariant measure is not a measure of maximal entropy.
Logic and learning in network cascades
Authors: Wilkerson Galen J. , Moschoyiannis Sotiris 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCritical cascades are found in many self-organizing systems. Here, we examine critical cascades as a design paradigm for logic and learning under the linear threshold model (LTM), and simple biologically inspired variants of it as sources of computational power, learning efficiency, and robustness. First, we show that the LTM can compute logic, and with a small modification, universal Boolean logic, examining its stability and cascade frequency. We then frame it formally as a binary classifier and remark on implications for accuracy. Second, we examine the LTM as a statistical learning model, studying benefits of spatial constraints and criticality to efficiency. We also discuss implications for robustness in information encoding. Our experiments show that spatial constraints can greatly increase efficiency. Theoretical investigation and initial experimental results also indicate that criticality can result in a sudden increase in accuracy.
pinta: The uGMRT data processing pipeline for the Indian Pulsar Timing Array
Authors: Susobhanan Abhimanyu , Maan Yogesh , Joshi Bhal Chandra , Prabu T. , Desai Shantanu , Nobleson K. , Susarla Sai Chaitanya , Girgaonkar Raghav , Dey Lankeswar , Batra Neelam Dhanda , Gupta Yashwant , Gopakumar A. , Bagchi Manjari , Basu Avishek , Bethapudi Suryarao , Choudhary Arpita , De Kishalay , Krishnakumar M. A. , Manoharan P. K. , Naidu Arun Kumar , Pathak Dhruv , Singha Jaikhomba , Surnis Mayuresh P. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We introduce pinta, a pipeline for reducing the upgraded Giant Metre-wave Radio Telescope (uGMRT) raw pulsar timing data, developed for the Indian Pulsar Timing Array experiment. We provide a detailed description of the workflow and usage of pinta, as well as its computational performance and RFI mitigation characteristics. We also discuss a novel and independent determination of the relative time offsets between the different back-end modes of uGMRT and the interpretation of the uGMRT observation frequency settings and their agreement with results obtained from engineering tests. Further, we demonstrate the capability of pinta to generate data products which can produce high-precision TOAs using PSR J1909

$-$

3744 as an example. These results are crucial for performing precision pulsar timing with the uGMRT.
COLOUR TERMS AND THE CREATION OF STATIUS’ EKPHRASTIC STYLE
Authors: Bennardo Lorenza 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper focusses on colour terminology as a tool for achieving ἐνάργεια (pictorial vividness) in the Latin poetry of the first century c.e. After briefly outlining the developments in the concept of ἐνάργεια from Aristotle to Quintilian, the paper considers the use of Latin terms for black in three descriptive passages from Statius’ epic poem, the Thebaid. It is observed that the poet privileges the juxtaposition of the two adjectives ater and niger in a pattern of uariatio, where ater often carries a figurative meaning and repeats established poetic clichés, while niger is part of unparalleled collocations that evoke a material notion of blackness. Further analysis of the uariatio in the context of each passage reveals that the juxtaposition of the two-colour terms enhances the vividness of the objects described not only by increasing their chromatic impact but also by establishing connections with other parts of the poem, and by inviting a reflection on the competing practices of imitation and transgression of poetic models. The analysis of one stylistic feature (the use of colour terms in uariatio) shows that this stylistic feature is used by Statius for achieving ἐνάργεια as an artistic effect, for reflecting on ἐνάργεια as an instrument through which poetic models are challenged, and for tying his own poetic practice to contemporary rhetorical discussions.
York's ‘African-style’ Severan Pottery Reconsidered
Authors: Pitts Martin 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTThis article examines the phenomenon of so-called North African-style pottery made in early third-century York. The pottery, which was produced in significant quantities in late Ebor ware, is strikingly different from vessels in circulation in Roman Britain and the north-west provinces – so much so that the late Vivien Swan argued that it was ‘made by Africans for the use of Africans’. The present study reassesses the evidence of ceramic genealogical influences, production waste, fabric supply, consumption patterns and contextual finds associations. The results shed new light on the manufacture and use of late Ebor ware by York's military community, qualifying claims made about the repertoire's links with novel culinary practices, cultural diversity and the unique historical circumstances of Severan York.
Productive engagement and ageing in productivist welfare regimes: questing for an age-friendly city in Hong Kong
Authors: Wen Zhuoyi , Mok Ka Ho , Amoah Padmore Adusei 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe population aged 65 years and above in Hong Kong is projected to rise from 15 per cent in 2014 to 38.4 per cent in 2069. Therefore, the quest for creating age-friendly conditions and the promotion of active ageing has become a priority for the Hong Kong Government and stakeholders in the city. Using a cross-national comparative framework for productive engagement in later life, this article examines the predictors of productive engagement (perceived voluntary engagement) in two districts (the Islands and Tsuen Wan) of Hong Kong – a typical productivist welfare regime in Asia. Data were collected through a social survey to ascertain the perception of an age-friendly city and active ageing in 2016 and 2018 from 1,638 persons aged 60 years and older. The results indicate some differences in the perception of the key determinants in both districts, but the factors associated with productive engagement were consistent, namely social atmosphere, social provisions and the built environment. The findings are discussed within the broader discourse on social gerontology, age-friendly cities and productivist welfare regimes.
Lexical diversity development in newly arrived parent-child immigrant pairs: Aptitude, age, exposure, and anxiety
Authors: Lambelet Amelia 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe Language Aptitude Outside the Classroom (LAOC) study investigates the factors that contribute to successful English-learning among newly arrived parent-child immigrants. Two types of factors are considered: cognitive abilities (aptitude measured with the LLAMA tests and working memory) and contextual-affective factors (exposure and anxiety). Participants are pairs of Spanish-speaking immigrants in the US. Each pair consists of a parent and their child aged 7–16. Their English proficiency is measured longitudinally during a one-year period using a listening comprehension test, a verbal fluency test, and an oral narrative (frog story). This contribution focuses on the lexical diversity of the oral narratives (Guiraud Index). Linear mixed models were run on the entire sample and on adults and children separately using time, aptitude, working memory, exposure to English, and anxiety as predictors of lexical diversity of the oral narratives (random effect = dyad, random slope = time). The results show that the development of lexical diversity over a one-year period is predicted by exposure to the language (and, for the children, anxiety). Two subtests of the LLAMA aptitude battery are also significant predictors when the entire sample is considered, but this effect nevertheless disappears for the adults when modeled separately from the children.
Conduct disorder symptomatology is associated with an altered functional connectome in a large national youth sample
Authors: Tillem Scott , Conley May I. , Baskin-Sommers Arielle 
Published: April 2021

AbstractConduct disorder (CD), characterized by youth antisocial behavior, is associated with a variety of neurocognitive impairments. However, questions remain regarding the neural underpinnings of these impairments. To investigate novel neural mechanisms that may support these neurocognitive abnormalities, the present study applied a graph analysis to resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data collected from a national sample of 4,781 youth, ages 9–10, who participated in the baseline session of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive DevelopmentSM Study (ABCD Study®). Analyses were then conducted to examine the relationships among levels of CD symptomatology, metrics of global topology, node-level metrics for subcortical structures, and performance on neurocognitive assessments. Youth higher on CD displayed higher global clustering (β = .039, 95% CIcorrected [.0027 .0771]), but lower Degreesubcortical (β = −.052, 95% CIcorrected [−.0916 −.0152]). Youth higher on CD had worse performance on a general neurocognitive assessment (β = −.104, 95% CI [−.1328 −.0763]) and an emotion recognition memory assessment (β = −.061, 95% CI [−.0919 −.0290]). Finally, global clustering mediated the relationship between CD and general neurocognitive functioning (indirect β = −.002, 95% CI [−.0044 −.0002]), and Degreesubcortical mediated the relationship between CD and emotion recognition memory performance (indirect β = −.002, 95% CI [−.0046 −.0005]). CD appears associated with neuro-topological abnormalities and these abnormalities may represent neural mechanisms supporting CD-related neurocognitive disruptions.