bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying risk factors for early neurological outcomes following thoracic endovascular aortic repair using the SUMMIT database
Authors: Tsilimparis Nikolaos , Stana Jan , Konstantinou Nikolaos , Chen Min , Zhou Qing , Kölbel Tilo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to assess risk factors for early neurological complications following thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for multiple thoracic aortic diseases using an aggregated dataset.

METHODS
The Study to Assess Outcomes After Endovascular Repair for Multiple Throacic Aortic Disease dataset included data from 6 studies evaluating Zenith thoracic endografts. Post hoc analysis identified early (30-day) neurological complications by TEVAR indication and corresponding risk factors.

RESULTS
The study included 594 TEVAR patients (67% male; mean age 66 ± 15 years) with thoracic aortic aneurysm (n = 329), ulcer (n = 56), acute (n = 126) or non-acute (n = 33) type B aortic dissection (TBAD) or blunt injury (n = 50). Overall early stroke rate was 3.5% (n = 21). Overall early paraplegia and paraparesis rates were 1.3% (n = 8) and 2.5% (n = 15), respectively. Multivariable analysis identified acute TBAD [versus others, odds ratio (OR) = 3.47, 95% confidence internal (CI): 1.41–8.52) and longer procedural time (OR = 1.33, CI: 1.02–1.73) as early stroke risk factors. Risk factors for paraplegia or paraparesis included more endografts deployed (OR = 2.43, CI: 1.30–4.55), older age (OR = 1.05, CI: 1.01–1.10) and higher preoperative serum creatinine (OR = 1.31, CI: 1.05–1.64). Endografts landing proximal to the left subclavian artery (LSA) increased stroke rate (versus distal to the LSA; 6.8% vs 2.3%, P = 0.014). Intraoperative LSA revascularization was performed in 20.9% of patients with endografts proximal to the LSA; revascularization did not significantly alter stroke rate (8.1% with revascularization vs 6.4% without, P = 0.72).

CONCLUSIONS
Acute TBAD and prolonged procedure time increased early stroke risk, while more endografts placed, age and preoperative renal impairment increased early paraplegia or paraparesis risk. For acute TBAD, endograft placement proximal to the LSA, but not LSA patency, increased stroke risk.
The longitudinal impact of division-wide implementation of an enhanced recovery after thoracic surgery programme
Authors: Thompson Calvin , Mattice Amanda M S , Al Lawati Yaseen , Seyednejad Nazgol , Lee Alex , Maziak Donna E , Gilbert Sebastian , Sundaresan Sudhir , Villeneuve James , Shamji Farid , Brehaut Jamie , Ramsay Tim , Seely Andrew J E 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Data regarding enhanced recovery after thoracic surgery (ERATS) are sparse and inconsistent. This study aims to evaluate the effects of implementing an enhanced ERATS programme on postoperative outcomes, patient experience and quality of life (QOL).

METHODS
We conducted a prospective, longitudinal study evaluating 9 months before (pre-ERATS) and 9 months after (post-ERATS) a 3-month implementation of an ERATS programme in a single academic tertiary care centre. All patients undergoing major thoracic surgeries were included. The primary outcomes included length of stay (LOS), adverse events (AEs), 6-min walk test scores at 4 weeks, 30-day emergency room visits (without admission) and 30-day readmissions. The process-of-care outcomes included time to ‘out-of-bed’, independent ambulation, successful fluid intake, last chest tube removal and removal of urinary catheter. Perioperative anaesthesia-related outcomes were examined as well as patient experience and QOL scores.

RESULTS
The pre-ERATS group (n = 352 patients) and post-ERATS group (n = 352) demonstrated no differences in demographics. Post-ERATS patients had improved LOS (4.7 vs 6.2 days, P &lt; 0.02), 6-min walk test scores (402 vs 371 m, P &lt; 0.05) and 30-day emergency room visits (13.7% vs 21.6%, P = 0.03) with no differences in AEs and 30-day readmissions. Patients experienced shorter mean time to ‘out-of-bed’, independent ambulation, successful fluid intake, last chest tube removal and urinary catheter removal. There were no differences in postoperative analgesia administration, patient satisfaction and QOL scores.

CONCLUSIONS
ERATS implementation was associated with improved LOS, expedited feeding, ambulation and chest tube removal, without increasing AEs or readmissions, while maintaining a high level of patient satisfaction and QOL.
Adjuvant chemotherapy for visceral pleural invasion in 3–4-cm non-small-cell lung cancer improves survival
Authors: Wightman Sean C , Lee James Y , Ding Li , Atay Scott M , Shemanski Kimberly A , McFadden P Michael , David Elizabeth A , Kim Anthony W 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Visceral pleural invasion (VPI) guidelines, for tumours ≤4 cm are ambiguous. Non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) 3 to ≤4 cm are assigned the T2a designation. Similarly, any tumours with VPI, smaller than 3 cm, are upstaged and also assigned the same T2a designation. We hypothesized that adjuvant chemotherapy would significantly improve 5-year survival for NSCLC ≤4 cm with VPI.

METHODS
The National Cancer Database was queried from 2010 to 2016 for cases of NSCLC with clinical stage I disease, ≤4 cm, who subsequently underwent surgical resection. These stage I NSCLCs were stratified according to clinical tumour sizes (0 to ≤1, 1 to ≤2, 2 to ≤3 and 3 to ≤4 cm). This cohort was then divided into groups with and without VPI and further split based on the administration of adjuvant chemotherapy. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to calculate 5-year overall survival (OS) for patients categorized by tumour size, VPI status, and receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy. Multivariable Cox regression adjusting for tumour size and VPI status was used to determine associations between use of adjuvant chemotherapy and OS.

RESULTS
A total of 61 454 patients with NSCLC and clinical tumour sizes &lt;4 cm were identified and grouped based on size along with VPI and adjuvant chemotherapy. The 5-year OS for combined tumour sizes without VPI was higher than for patients with VPI (66.2% vs 59.5%, P &lt; 0.001). The OS for tumour size (0 to ≤1, 1 to ≤2, 2 to ≤3 and 3 to ≤4 cm) was lower for patients with VPI regardless of size (all P ≤ 0.010). When all tumour sizes were combined, patients with VPI who received adjuvant chemotherapy had an improved 5-year OS compared to patients without adjuvant chemotherapy (65.5% vs 58.8%, P &lt; 0.001). When cohorts were created by tumour size, only VPI tumours 3 to ≤4 cm had a statistically significant increase in 5-year OS for patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy (68.8% vs 49.9%, P &lt; 0.001). On multivariable Cox regression for OS, adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with significantly longer 5-year OS in tumour size 3 to ≤4 (hazard ratio = 0.62, 95% confidence interval 0.46–0.83, P = 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
VPI remains a poor prognostic factor in clinically node-negative, T2a or less, NSCLC patients. Guidelines recommend considering chemotherapy for high-risk T2aN0, margin-negative patients—including those patients with VPI. Based on the analysis, adjuvant chemotherapy should be considered specifically for 3 to ≤4 cm with VPI due to an observed 5-year OS advantage.
Assessment of community pharmacists’ engagement in pharmacy-delivered influenza vaccination: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Chadi Alexandre , Gabet Morgane , Robitaille Andréanne , David Pierre-Marie 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to identify factors contributing to pharmacists’ engagement in vaccination services during the first influenza vaccination campaign in 2019–2020 for the Canadian province of Quebec, led by community pharmacists.

Methods
A mixed-methods study was conducted using a sequential exploratory design. Semi-structured interviews were administered to pharmacists and key informants (n = 23) and data were analysed according to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research in community pharmacy. The findings were then used to construct a survey of community pharmacists’ engagement in vaccination, which was tested in a Quebec urban community. The study participation rate was 34.6% (n = 29).

Key findings
Pharmacists expressed positive attitudes towards the implementation of vaccination services, following legislative reform. Factors such as previous involvement in vaccination campaigns and the number of pharmacists on duty were positively associated with engagement in influenza vaccination, whereas staff shortages and logistical problems were a barrier to engagement. Qualitative findings provided in-depth understanding of the value of interprofessional collaboration between pharmacists and nurses.

Conclusions
Vaccination in pharmacies is currently more reflective of individual choice than an indication of collective change in the profession. Logistical factors are key to enhancing the uptake of vaccination in community pharmacies throughout Quebec. External support from professional associations and interprofessional collaboration should be enhanced to promote the implementation of vaccination services in pharmacies.
A proximal bundle algorithm for nonsmooth optimization on Riemannian manifolds
Authors: Hoseini Monjezi Najmeh , Nobakhtian Soghra , Pouryayevali Mohamad Reza 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Proximal bundle methods are among the most successful approaches for convex and nonconvex optimization problems in linear spaces and it is natural to extend these methods to the manifold setting. In this paper we propose a proximal bundle method for solving nonsmooth, nonconvex optimization problems on Riemannian manifolds. At every iteration, by using the proximal bundle method a candidate descent direction is computed and by employing a restricted-step procedure and a retraction the next iterate is built. The global convergence, starting from any point, is proved in the sense that if the number of serious iterates is finite then the last serious iterate is stationary and otherwise every accumulation point of the serious iterate sequence is stationary. At the end, some numerical experiments are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method and clarify the theoretical results.
Arnobius’ Scythians and the Dating of Adversus Nationes
Authors: Gassman Mattias 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Jerome’s De uiris illustribus and Chronicon supply conflicting dates for Arnobius: the reign of Diocletian and the year 327. Mark Edwards has recently defended the latter date for the writing, final redaction, or publication of Aduersus nationes. References to the contemporary social and political situation point, however, to writing under the Tetrarchy; the few chronological references are vague, but do not conflict with an early date. A new datum advanced by Edwards clinches the case, but against the late dating. At 1.16, Arnobius reproaches pagans for blaming the defeat of the Alamanni, Scythians (likely the Goths), and Persians on the Christians among them. An echo of Tertullian, the passage shows that Arnobius must have been writing before Constantine’s open declarations of support for Christianity, after which it would have been impossible, without signalling the irony, to put such words in a pagan mouth.
Law Making Activities during Lame Duck Sessions in Indonesia (1997–2020)
Authors: Arsil Fitra , Mauleny Ariesy Tri , Wasti Ryan Muthiara 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study described that phenomenon in the law-making process in Indonesia by displaying the data on the behaviours or issuance of laws during lame duck sessions from 1997 to 2020. Compared with that of regular sessions, laws issued during the lame duck sessions significantly looked more productive but they did not comply with the mandate of laws desiring that each bill was supposed to be discussed in three sessions at the longest. In terms of the materials regulated in Laws, many lawmakers took advantage of a lame duck session to pass any laws in favour of the state officials that often generated public rejection and had shifted its participatory role through a judicial review at the Constitutional Court. Empirical tests of the law’s response to economic growth using econometrics analysis also indicate that current laws have a negative impact on the economy. House of the Representatives (DPR) and the President had actually understood the logic that a lame duck session was not such a right time to make a law; however, making a law during a lame duck session was not prohibited and there were no such clear rulings restricting the making of a law during this session.
Towards a reporting guideline for developmental and reproductive toxicology testing in C. elegans and other nematodes
Authors: van der Voet Monique , Teunis Marc , Louter-van de Haar Johanna , Stigter Nienke , Bhalla Diksha , Rooseboom Martijn , Wever Kimberley E , Krul Cyrille , Pieters Raymond , Wildwater Marjolein , van Noort Vera 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Implementation of reliable methodologies allowing Reduction, Refinement, and Replacement (3Rs) of animal testing is a process that takes several decades and is still not complete. Reliable methods are essential for regulatory hazard assessment of chemicals where differences in test protocol can influence the test outcomes and thus affect the confidence in the predictive value of the organisms used as an alternative for mammals. Although test guidelines are common for mammalian studies, they are scarce for non-vertebrate organisms that would allow for the 3Rs of animal testing.
Here, we present a set of 30 reporting criteria as the basis for such a guideline for Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology (DART) testing in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Small organisms like C. elegans are upcoming in new approach methodologies for hazard assessment; thus, reliable and robust test protocols are urgently needed. A literature assessment of the fulfilment of the reporting criteria demonstrates that although studies describe methodological details, essential information such as compound purity and lot/batch number or type of container is often not reported. The formulated set of reporting criteria for C. elegans testing can be used by (i) researchers to describe essential experimental details (ii) data scientists that aggregate information to assess data quality and include data in aggregated databases (iii) regulators to assess study data for inclusion in regulatory hazard assessment of chemicals.
Toxocariasis-associated urinary system diseases: a systematic review of reported cases
Authors: Ardekani Ali , Roshanshad Amirhossein , Hosseini Seyed Ali , Magnaval Jean-François , Abdollahi Ali , Rostami Ali 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Toxocariasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati. Toxocara species can involve many organs, such as the brain, heart and lungs, however, the urinary system involvement of toxocariasis is largely unknown.

Methods
We performed a systematic review to identify cases infected with urinary tract toxocariasis.

Results
We identified seven cases that were eligible to be reviewed. Among the included citations, four studies reported bladder involvement and three reported kidney involvement. Fever, urinary, and abdominal presentations were amongst the most important clinical symptoms. Eosinophilic cystitis and nephrotic syndrome were the most common diagnoses.. The treatment regimen included a combination of anthelmintic drugs and steroids.

Conclusions
In cases of urinary tract presentations accompanied by eosinophilia or histopathologic findings suggestive of parasitic infection, toxocariasis should be included in the list of differential diagnoses, especially in endemic areas.
Differential Gene Expression of Brachypodium distachyon Roots Colonized by Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus and the Role of BdCESA8 in the Colonization
Authors: Yang Xuan , Hill Kathleen A. , Austin Ryan S. , Tian Lining 
Published: October 2021

Alternatives to synthetic nitrogen fertilizer are needed to reduce the costs of crop production and offset environmental damage. Nitrogen-fixing bacterium Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus has been proposed as a possible biofertilizer for monocot crop production. However, the colonization of G. diazotrophicus in most monocot crops is limited and deep understanding of the response of host plants to G. diazotrophicus colonization is still lacking. In this study, the molecular response of the monocot plant model Brachypodium distachyon was studied during G. diazotrophicus root colonization. The gene expression profiles of B. distachyon root tissues colonized by G. diazotrophicus were generated via next-generation RNA sequencing, and investigated through gene ontology and metabolic pathway analysis. The RNA sequencing results indicated that Brachypodium is actively involved in G. diazotrophicus colonization via cell wall synthesis. Jasmonic acid, ethylene, gibberellin biosynthesis. nitrogen assimilation, and primary and secondary metabolite pathways are also modulated to accommodate and control the extent of G. diazotrophicus colonization. Cellulose synthesis is significantly downregulated during colonization. The loss of function mutant for Brachypodium cellulose synthase 8 (BdCESA8) showed decreased cellulose content in xylem and increased resistance to G. diazotrophicus colonization. This result suggested that the cellulose synthesis of the secondary cell wall is involved in G. diazotrophicus colonization. The results of this study provide insights for future research in regard to gene manipulation for efficient colonization of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in Brachypodium and monocot crops. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
The Prognostic Value of Total Tumor Volume Response Compared With RECIST1.1 in Patients With Initially Unresectable Colorectal Liver Metastases Undergoing Systemic Treatment
Authors: Wesdorp Nina J. , Bolhuis Karen , Roor Joran , van Waesberghe Jan-Hein T. M. , van Dieren Susan , van Amerongen Martin J. , Chapelle Thiery , Dejong Cornelis H. C. , Engelbrecht Marc R. W. , Gerhards Michael F. , Grunhagen Dirk , van Gulik Thomas M. , Hermans John J. , de Jong Koert P. , Klaase Joost M. , Liem Mike S. L. , van Lienden Krijn P. , Molenaar I. Quintus , Patijn Gijs A. , Rijken Arjen M. , Ruers Theo M. , Verhoef Cornelis , de Wilt Johannes H. W. , Swijnenburg Rutger-Jan , Punt Cornelis J. A. , Huiskens Joost , Kazemier Geert 
Published: October 2021

Objectives:
Compare total tumor volume (TTV) response after systemic treatment to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST1.1) and assess the prognostic value of TTV change and RECIST1.1 for recurrence-free survival (RFS) in patients with colorectal liver-only metastases (CRLM).

Background:
RECIST1.1 provides unidimensional criteria to evaluate tumor response to systemic therapy. Those criteria are accepted worldwide but are limited by interobserver variability and ignore potentially valuable information about TTV.

Methods:
Patients with initially unresectable CRLM receiving systemic treatment from the randomized, controlled CAIRO5 trial (NCT02162563) were included. TTV response was assessed using software specifically developed together with SAS analytics. Baseline and follow-up computed tomography (CT) scans were used to calculate RECIST1.1 and TTV response to systemic therapy. Different thresholds (10%, 20%, 40%) were used to define response of TTV as no standard currently exists. RFS was assessed in a subgroup of patients with secondarily resectable CRLM after induction treatment.

Results:
A total of 420 CT scans comprising 7820 CRLM in 210 patients were evaluated. In 30% to 50% (depending on chosen TTV threshold) of patients, discordance was observed between RECIST1.1 and TTV change. A TTV decrease of >40% was observed in 47 (22%) patients who had stable disease according to RECIST1.1. In 118 patients with secondarily resectable CRLM, RFS was shorter for patients with less than 10% TTV decrease compared with patients with more than 10% TTV decrease (P = 0.015), while RECIST1.1 was not prognostic (P = 0.821).

Conclusions:
TTV response assessment shows prognostic potential in the evaluation of systemic therapy response in patients with CRLM.
Intravenous Infusion of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promotes the Survival of Random Pattern Flaps in Rats
Authors: Nakagawa Tsugufumi , Sasaki Masanori , Kataoka-Sasaki Yuko , Yotsuyanagi Takatoshi , Radtke Christine , Kocsis Jeffery D. , Honmou Osamu 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Surgical reconstruction options of soft-tissue defects often include random pattern skin flaps. Flap survival depends on flap size and rotation arc and can be challenging regarding flap perfusion, leading to wound healing complications, insufficient wound coverage, and even flap loss. Therefore, novel approaches that promote skin flap survival are required. Bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells intravenous infusion is therapeutically effective in various experimental disease models by means of multimodal and orchestrated mechanisms including anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, and by means of microvasculature reestablishment.

Methods:
A modified McFarlane-type rodent skin flap model was used. After skin flap surgery, intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells or vehicle was performed. In vivo optical near-infrared imaging using indocyanine green was performed, followed by histologic analysis, including hematoxylin and eosin and Masson trichrome staining, and gene expression analysis.

Results:
The flap survival area was greater in the mesenchymal stem cell group. In vivo optical near-infrared perfusion imaging analysis suggested that skin blood perfusion was greater in the mesenchymal stem cell group. Ex vivo histologic analysis demonstrated that the skin structure was more clearly observed in the mesenchymal stem cell group. The dermal thickness was greater in the mesenchymal stem cell group, according to the Masson trichrome staining results. The authors observed a higher expression of fibroblast growth factor 2 mRNA in the tissues of the mesenchymal stem cell group using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction.

Conclusion:
These results suggest that intravenous infusion of bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells promotes skin survival of random pattern flaps, which is associated with increased blood perfusion and higher expression of fibroblast growth factor 2.